bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BURINS WITH TRANSVERSE SPALL AT THE UPPER PALAEOLITHIC SETTLEMENT OF ANETIVKA II
Authors: Pistruil I. V. 
Published: April 2023

On the Upper Paleolithic sites the burins with transverse spall stand out. It should be noted that different researchers use different criteria to distinguish this group of items. Similar items among retouched burins at the Upper Paleolithic settlement of Anetivka II as well were identified. Anetivka ІІ is an Upper Paleolithic site of Bison hunters, located in the Northern Black Sea Region, on a cape of high right bank of the Bakshala river (right tributary of the Southern Bug), on the southern outskirts of Anetivka village (Domanivka district, Mykolaiv region). The site has been systematically studied since 1978.
The site dates back to the 18000—19000 BP which corresponds to the maximum of the last glacial period. Anetivka ІІ is attributed as a long-term settlement with year-round presence of hunters on it, as evidenced by faunistic material. The flint industry of the site has spectacular Epigravettian features. Subsequently, in order to process a large number of burins from the settlement (more than 7000 pieces), a multilevel typological classification of these items was created, taking into account the maximum number of morphological features.
The results of the study showed that it is advisable to single out transverse burins only on plates. They are present in groups of angle and retouched burins. However, within the groups their percentage is different. Among the group of angle burins the transverse ones are not numerous, although they were made purposefully. And their small number is connected with the specifics of production. An insignificant number of transverse retouched burins is connected with their accidental appearance on the site.
THE INDUSTRY OF COMPLEX II MALYI RAKOVETS IV SITE IN TRANSCARPATHIA
Authors: Votiakova O. L. 
Published: April 2023

The site is located on an isolated hill of the Vyrhorlat-Hutyn volcanic mountain massif of the right bank of the Tysa River, near the village Maly Rakovets, 7 km north of the Korolevo site. At the site, due to the highest location level, there is a reduction in the capacity of Pleistocene deposits. This caused variability in the chronological interpretation of the materials. In the initial description of the stratigraphic context, the layer is fixed in the lower part of the loam soil and at the border with the Pryluky horizon.
During the complex study, 2899 artifacts from the collection were processed. The main raw material is local Carpathian III obsidian (94.69 %), which occurs near the site in erosion washes on the slopes of the hill.
In the technological sense, the industry can be described as non-Levallois, non-blades, non-facetted, the indices of which are: IF large = 17.5; IF strict = 3.8; ILam = 3. There is in the collection various cores: radial, convergent, parallel, Kombewa. Technology is based on the two methods: centripetal, as well as a fairly simple technique for obtaining blanks, which is presented by parallel and unidirectional cores, with a clear predominance of transverse proportions of products. The process of core reduction was quite intensive, a hard hammer was used. Production mostly aimed at receiving massive flakes of lateral proportions with naturally back, often crusted (43 %). Such blanks were prioritized for the manufacture of tools — 60 %.
There are few tools, but among them a group of single-edged scrapers, the most prominent of which are transverse ones, is highlighted. They show specific design features, namely the retouching of the longest edge of the blank with a stepped retouch of the half-Quina type and the presence of accommodation elements. The technical and typological characteristics of the II complex are quite similar to the industry of the Korolevo site layer II, and allow to attribute it to the circle of industries of the Charentian / Quina type.
MENOLAK TALAK RAJ’I SEORANG ISTRI DENGAN ALASAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA ( KEBEBASAN BERPENDAPAT ) DALAM PERSPEKTIF MADZHAB IMAM SYAFI’I
Authors: Rahman Arif , Moh Syahrul Rifkiyanto  
Published: April 2023

Talak terhadap istri merupakan hal yang sering terjadi, dan merupakan bagian dari hal yang di benci oleh Allah Swt. Dalam konteks rumah tangga, lazimnya sebuah rumah tangga di bangun atas keharmonisan dan kasih saying antara seorang suami dan istri. Meskipun demikian beberapa situasi dan kondisi sering menjadi pemicu hilangnya keharmonisan keluarga, bahkan berujung pada perceraian. Sebagaiamana yang terjadi terjadi di desa Tegalglagah, Bulakamba, Brebes. Dimana kebebasan berpendapat (Hak Asasi Manusia) menjadi alasan seorang istri untuk menolak talak raj’i yang di lakukan oleh suaminya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian lapangan (field reseach) dengan bantuan pendekatan kualitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah sumber data primer berupa hasil wawancara dengan informan, yaitu satu keluarga di desa desa Tegalglagah, Bulakamba, Brebes dan sumber data sekunder berupa Ibaroh – ibaroh yang di ambil dari kitab – kitab ulama yang bermadzhabkan Imam Syafi’i. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses penolakan talak raj’i seorang istri melalui Pegawai Pencatat Pernikahan (PPN) yang akan di laporkan ke Pengadilan Agama dan hukum seorang istri menolak talak raj’i dari suaminya dengan alasan hak asasi manusia (kebebasan berpendapat) dalam Perspektif Madzhab Imam Syafi’i adalah tidak boleh.
Kata kunci: Talak Raj’i, Hak Asasi Manusia, Madzhab Syafi’i.
KEPEMIMPINAN PEREMPUAN DALAM KAJIAN SEJARAH SOSIAL HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Sri Wahyuni  
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui pandangan hukum Islam tentang kepemimpinan oleh perempuan (2). Menganalisis perspektif hukum Islam tentang pemimpin oleh perempuan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian kepustakaan. Kemudian analisisnya menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis isi. Dengan penelitian ini ditemukan banyak perbedaan pendapat ulama dan pemikiran para tokoh kepemimpinan oleh perempuan.
Berdasarkan pembahasan yang dilakukan diperoleh bahwa: 1. Poin yang paling esensial dalam kepemimpinan adalah kemampuan intelektualitas. Tidak ada larangan atas keterlibatan perempuan dalam parlemen selama kepentingan sosial dan kemaslahatan tercipta dengan aturan- aturan yang benar. 2. Konsep gender (perbedaan perilaku dan peran laki- laki versus perempuan ) lebih dipengaruhi oleh proses sosial budaya, dan inklusif interpretasi atas teks- teks syariat. Karya dan kepemimpinan perempuan dalam sejarah menggambarkan bahwa perempuan mempunyai potensi untuk menjadi seorang pemimpin.
KEWAJIBAN KEPALA KELUARGA DALAM MENGREALIASASIKAN KELUARGA SAKINAH
Authors: Kamal Kamaluddin , Islah Abdurrahman  
Published: April 2023

Research ini dilatar belakangi oleh jama’ah Masjid Jami’ Al-Istiqomah. Menilik masyarakat di sekitar masjid Jami’ Al Istiqomah dahulunya enggan jika diajak mengikuti aktifitas di masjid dan susah untuk berjamaah di masjid. Akan tetapi setelah adanya berbagai macam upaya dari takmir masjid, kini Masjid Jami’ Al-Istiqomah menjadi wadah dalam penyaluran ‘Ulumud Diin (ilmu pengetahuan agama) dan menjadi tempat bagi masyarakat untuk mencari-cari solusi dalam persoalan agama dan aktifitas sehari-hari. Dari kepercayaan tersebut masyarakat aktif mengikuti kajian yang diselenggarakan oleh Masjid Jami’ Al Istiqomah
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan kualitatif serta jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan metode pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, dimana dalam penelitian ini menggali tentang kepala keluarga dalam membina keluarga sakinah di masjid Jami’ Al Istiqomah.
Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat diketahui bahwa Kewajiban Dalam Mewujudkan Keluarga Sakinah Yang Dilakukan Kepala Keluarga di Masjid Jami’ Al Istiqomah menunjukkan adanya perubahan yang mampu dirasakan bersama, seperti saling menyebar kebaikan, mampu menambah wawasan para jama’ah dan menambah kedewasaan dan kematangan berfikri.
Evolutionary and Observational Properties of Red Giant Acoustic Glitch Signatures
Authors: Saunders David P. , Ong 王 J. M. Joel 加冕 , Basu Sarbani 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
While solar-like oscillations in red giants have been observed at massive scales by the Kepler mission, few features of these oscillation mode frequencies, other than their global properties, have been exploited for stellar characterization. The signatures of acoustic glitches in mode frequencies have been used for studying main-sequence stars, but the validity of applying such techniques to evolved red giants, particularly pertaining to the inclusion of nonradial modes, has been less well examined. Making use of new theoretical developments, we characterize glitches using the π modes associated with red giant stellar models, and use our procedure to examine for the first time how the properties of the He ii acoustic glitch—specifically its amplitude and associated acoustic depth—vary over the course of evolution up the red giant branch, and with respect to other fundamental stellar properties. We find that the acoustic depths of these glitches, in conjunction with other spectroscopic information, discriminate between red giants in the first-ascent and core-helium-burning phases. We critically reexamine previous attempts to constrain acoustic glitches from nonradial (in particular dipole) modes in red giants. Finally, we apply our fitting procedure to Kepler data, to evaluate its robustness to noise and other observational systematics.
Dark against Luminous Matter around Isolated Central Galaxies: A Comparative Study between Modern Surveys and IllustrisTNG
Authors: Alonso Pedro , Wang Wenting , Zhang Jun , Li Hekun , Shao Shi , Guo Qi , He Yanqin , Hao Cai-Na , Shi Rui 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Based on independent shear measurements using the Dark Energy Camera Legacy Survey/DR8 imaging data, we measure the weak lensing signals around isolated central galaxies (ICGs) from Sloan Digital Sky Survey/DR7 at z ∼ 0.1. The projected stellar mass density profiles of satellite galaxies are further deduced, using photometric sources from the Hyper Suprime-cam survey. The signals of ICGs + their extended stellar halos are taken from Wang et al. All measurements are compared with predictions by the IllustrisTNG300-1 simulation. We find, overall, a good agreement between observation and TNG300. In particular, a correction to the stellar mass of massive observed ICGs is applied based on the calibration of He et al., which brings a much better agreement with TNG300 predicted lensing signals at

log

10

M

*

/

M

⊙

>
11.1

. In real observation, red ICGs are hosted by more massive dark matter halos and have more satellites and more extended stellar halos than blue ICGs at fixed stellar mass. However, in TNG300 there are more satellites around blue ICGs at fixed stellar mass, and the outer stellar halos of red and blue ICGs are similar. The stellar halos of TNG galaxies are more extended compared with real observed galaxies, especially for blue ICGs with

log

10

M

*

/

M

⊙

>
10.8

. We find the same trend for TNG100 galaxies and for true halo central galaxies. The tensions between TNG and real galaxies indicate that satellite disruptions are stronger in TNG. In both TNG300 and observation, satellites approximately trace the underlying dark matter distribution beyond 0.1R
200, but the fraction of total stellar mass in TNG300 does not show the same radial distribution as real galaxies.
External Inverse-compton and Proton Synchrotron Emission from the Reverse Shock as the Origin of VHE Gamma Rays from the Hyper-bright GRB 221009A
Authors: Zhang 张 B. Theodore 兵 , Murase Kohta , Ioka Kunihito , Song Deheng , Yuan 袁 Chengchao 成超 , Mészáros Péter 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The detection of the hyper-bright gamma-ray burst (GRB) 221009A enables us to explore the nature of the GRB emission and the origin of very high-energy gamma rays. We analyze the Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT) data of this burst and investigate the GeV–TeV emission in the framework of the external reverse-shock model. We show that the early ∼1–10 GeV emission can be explained by the external inverse-Compton mechanism via upscattering MeV gamma rays by electrons accelerated at the reverse shock, in addition to the synchrotron self-Compton component. The predicted early optical flux could have been brighter than that of the naked-eye GRB 080319B. We also show that proton synchrotron emission from accelerated ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) is detectable and could potentially explain ≳TeV photons detected by LHAASO or constrain the UHECR acceleration mechanism. Our model suggests that the detection of


(
10

TeV
)

photons with energies up to ∼18 TeV is possible for reasonable models of the extragalactic background light without invoking new physics and predicts anticorrelations between MeV photons and TeV photons, which can be tested with the LHAASO data.
Constitutive Activation of gp130 in T Cells Results in Senescence and Premature Aging
Authors: Rafii Puyan , Reusswig Friedrich , Werner Julia , Xu Haifeng , Lang Philpp A , Rose-John Stefan , Gorressen Simone , Alter Christina , Schrader Jürgen , Herebian Diran , Floss Doreen M , Elvers Margitta , Piekorz Roland P , Scheller Jürgen , Behnke Kristina 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
IL-6 family members contribute to host defense through the stimulation of acute-phase signaling, hematopoiesis, immune reactions, and regenerative processes. To investigate essential mechanisms that are linked toward a constitutively activated gp130 signaling, we generated and characterized a mouse model that reflects a constitutive and cytokine-independent activation of JAK/STAT3 signaling by Lgp130 in CD4- and CD8-positive T cells. Lgp130 is an engineered form of gp130 in which dimerization and activation are forced by a leucine zipper. T cell–specific Lgp130 activation resulted in massive phenotypical abnormalities, including splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, and an upregulation of innate immune system components shown by hyperinflammatory signatures in several organs. Moreover, T cell–restricted expression of Lgp130 resulted in increased numbers of cytotoxic and regulatory T cells, especially in lymph nodes. Consistent with this, we found an elevated platelet production and increase in megakaryocytes in the spleen and bone marrow that are causative for an acute thrombocytosis accompanied by anemia. Due to a shortened life span of T cell–specific Lgp130 mice, we could also show that next to an overall increase in regulatory cell-cycle genes, an activation of p53 and increased expression of p21 provide evidence for a senescence-like phenotype. Together, these data suggest that T cell–restricted gp130 activation is not only involved in autoimmune processes but also in senescence-associated aging. Therefore, Lgp130 expression in T cells might be a suitable model to study inflammation and disease.
CD4/CD8 Ratio could be predictor of burden hepatocellular carcinoma in Egyptian chronic hepatitis C after combined sofosbuvir and daclatasvir therapy
Authors: El Menshawy Nadia , Hassan Noha , Khariza Mohamed , AlAshery Hala , Baghat Monir , Ashour Rehab 
Published: April 2023

Background: During the first years of the use of direct acting Hepatitis C antiviral drugs (DAAS), several studies reported a possible correlation between this new era of treatment and an increased risk of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Its development could possibly be favored by the changes in the immunological milieu and the different cellular behavior after eradication of HCV infection with them. For this reason, this study aimed to address the immunological effect of DAAS.
Subject & methods: Prospective paired -sample design, carried out on 90 naïve chronically infected HCV patients before and after receiving a combination therapy of sofosbuvir; at a dose of 400 mg once daily and daclatasvir; at a dose of 60 mg once daily for 12 weeks and follow up for one year. immunological tests including: total T cell count, T helper cell count, T cytotoxic cell count and natural killer cell count in peripheral blood through (CD3, CD3/CD4, CD3/CD8 and CD56 respectively) by Fluorochrome monoclonal antibodies labelled with specific dyes through Multiparameter, FACSCanto ™ II flow cytometer(Becton Dickinson, USA).
Result: Concerning the immunological changes, total T cells (CD3+), Natural killer cells showed non-significant decrease at end of therapy while significant decrease in T helper cells (CD3+CD4+) T cytotoxic cells (CD3+CD8+) compared to pre-treatment value. Long follow up revealed 26.6% developed focal HCC, in more addition, multivariate analysis show CD4/CD8 ratio could be predictor as well as sex for early development of HCC after combined DAAS therapy.
Conclusion: HCV treatment by DAAS produces significant decrease in T helper, T cytotoxic cells in CHC patients at the end of therapy. 26.6% developed focal HCC with independent CD4/CD8 predictor for burden malignancy. Further large extended population study is needed for clarify this concern.
Keywords: HCV, DAAS Therapy; T helper; T Cytotoxic; natural killer cells; hepatocellular carcinoma.
Comparative study of antipyretic potency of extracts of morinda lucida leaves and fruits of capsicum frutescens in albino rats
Authors: A Adefolalu Adedotun , V Owoyele Bamidele , A Adesokan Ayoade 
Published: April 2023

Background: Morinda lucida leaves and fruits of Capsicum frutescens are used locally in the management of fever in Nigeria. No scientific credence has been lent to this claim.
Objective: To investigate the antipyretic effect and potency of aqueous extracts of Morinda lucida leaves and fruits of Capsicum frutescens in albino rats.
Method: Brewer's yeast was used to induce pyrexia. Thirty animals were divided into six groups. Group A was orally administered normal saline (103 mg/kg). Group B was served indomethacin (5 mg/kg), while groups C and D received aqueous extract of Capsicum frutescens at 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg, 17 hours post induction of pyrexia. Groups E and F were administered extract of Morinda lucida at the same doses. Rectal temperature of the animals was taken at 60-, 90- and 120-minutes post-treatment.
Results: Both C. frutescens and M. lucida produced significant reduction (p<0.05) in rectal temperature after 120 minutes in the rats compared with animals in the control group. Also, the antipyretic activities of the two extracts at 100mg/kg and 200mg/ kg were comparable to 5mg/kg of indomethacin, with apparent dose dependence in the antipyretic activities of both extracts.
Conclusion: Morinda lucida leaves and fruits of Capsicum frutescens exhibit dose-dependent antipyretic activities.
Keywords: Morinda lucida; Capsicum frutescens; brewer’s yeast; antipyretic; rectal temperature.
Comparative cardiac effects of antimalarial drug halofantrine with or without concomitant administration of kolanut or fluconazole in healthy volunteers
Authors: DA Adedapo Aduragbenro , B Ojji Dike , S Adedapo Kayode , Kolade Yetunde , P Babalola Chinedum 
Published: April 2023

Background: There is rekindled interest in the cardiotoxicity of antimalarial medicines. Halofantrine is associated with QT interval prolongation. Fluconazole and kolanut alter the pharmacokinetics of halofantrine.
Objectives: The study assessed the electrocardiographic changes of concomitant administration of kolanut or fluconazole with halofantrine and the effects on the QTc interval.
Methods: Eighteen healthy volunteers received a single oral dose of halofantrine, halofantrine with kolanut or halofantrine with fluconazole in a crossover study. Twelve lead electrocardiography (ECG) was performed to measure the PR and QT interval (QTc). Statistical analysis was with SPSS at 5% level of significance.
Results: PR intervals were shortened by halofantrine alone and halofantrine with kolanut (169.29 28.67 to 165.29 28.007 and 172.73 29.843 to 163.00 18.336ms) but was prolonged by halofantrine with fluconazole (177.70 27.394 to 186.59 44.434ms). There was prolongation of QTc (384.76 21.727 to 394.12 21.525; 381.36 22.29 to 388.30 17.26 and 382.35 20.08 to 390.84 21.97) in all the three treatment groups at 6 hours, p>0.05. One subject on halofantrine and fluconazole had QTc >440ms. Pre-treatment PR interval (PR0) correlated well with post-treatment PR6, and with PR14 r= 0.519, p= 0.014; r=0.664, p=0.013.
Conclusion: Concomitant intake of kolanut with halofantrine was significantly decrease cardiac effect of halofantrine.
Keywords: Drug interaction; fluconazole; halofantrine; kolanut; malaria; QT prolongation.
Effect of inter-pregnancy interval on serum ferritin, haematocrit and pregnancy outcome in Ilorin, Nigeria
Authors: Elegbua Callistus , Raji Hadijat , Biliaminu Sikiru , Ezeoke Grace , Adeniran Abiodun 
Published: April 2023

Background: Available information remains limited on inter-pregnancy interval (IPI) and its effect on maternal health and pregnancy outcome.
Objectives: To determine the effect of IPI on maternal serum ferritin, haematocrit and pregnancy outcome.
Materials and methods: A prospective cohort study of 316 women categorized into WHO recommended IPI of ≥24 months (group I) and IPI <24 months i.e. short IPI (SIPI) as group II after matching for gestational age and social status. Serum ferritin and haematocrit levels were assayed in first and second trimesters; primary outcome measures were maternal serum ferritin, haematocrit and pregnancy outcome gestational age at delivery, birth and placental weights, APGAR scores and neonatal intensive admission). Participants were followed up until six-week post-delivery. Data analysis was with SPSS version 21.0; p<0.05 wassignificant.
Results: Women in group I had higher mean serum ferritin (37.40±3.15 vs. 32.61±2.68; P<0.001), booking haematocrit (33.24±3.59 vs. 27.92±2.67; P<0.001) and mean birth weight (3100±310 vs. 2700±350; P<0.001). Antenatal hospital admission (P0.002), preterm delivery (P<0.001) and neonatal intensive care admission (P<0.001) were higher for group II. There was no maternal mortality; perinatal mortality was zero (group I) and 95/1000 livebirth (group II).
Conclusion: Low serum ferritin, haematocrit and adverse neonatal outcomes were associated with SIPI.
Keywords: Inter-pregnancy interval; serum ferritin; haematocrit; pregnancy outcome.
What factors are associated with anaemia in pregnancy among Nigerian women? Evidence from a national survey
Authors: Olusola Adeyemi Emmanuel , Olumuyiwa Ojo Temitope , Quinn Megan , Brooks Bill , Anuoluwapo Oke Oluwabunmi 
Published: April 2023

Background: Anaemia in pregnancy remains a severe public health problem in sub-Saharan African countries including Nigeria.
Objectives: To assess factors associated with anaemia in pregnancy among Nigerian women.
Methods: A secondary analysis of the 2018 Nigeria demographic health survey was conducted to determine the predictors of anaemia among Nigerian pregnant women (N=1522). SAS 9.4 was used for the analysis.
Results: The prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy was 61.1%. On multivariable logistic regression analysis, women in the North-central (AOR=2.52, CI=1.46-4.35) and South-south (AOR=2.21, CI=1.06-4.59) had increased odds of anaemia in pregnancy, compared to those in the Northwest. Women with no education (AOR=2.38, CI=1.28-4.44), primary education (AOR=3.06, CI=1.58-5.96) and secondary education (AOR=1.75, CI=1.04-2.94) had increased odds of anaemia in pregnancy compared to women with teriary education. Also, women not in marital union had increased odds of anaemia in pregnancy compared to women in a union (AOR=2.56, CI=1.15-5.72). Women in the second (AOR=2.42, CI=1.79-3.29) and third trimesters of pregnancy (AOR=2.83, CI=2.07-3.89) had increased odds of anaemia.
Conclusion: These findings are important for the control of anemia among pregnant Nigerian women. Women in the Northcentral and Southsouth zones are particularly at risk for anaemia in pregnancy and should receive special attention during antenatal care.
Keywords: Determinants; Anaemia; Pregnancy; Nigerian women