bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A case report of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome caused by ANCA-associated vasculitis case report and retrospective analysis
Authors: Dong Lulu , Wang Lulu , Jiang Chao , Li Shuang , Geng Minxia , Xing Jiahao , Chang Yajun , Tian Yingying , Feng Rongfang , Wang Tianjun 
Published: January 2023

Introduction:
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is a reversible syndrome clinically manifested by significant variations in neuroimaging. Early treatment is indispensable to achieve the reversibility, which requires the punctual alleviation of its inducing factors.

Patient concerns:
Most symptoms of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) patients can be dispelled followed by a good prognosis after the inducement removal. The patient died due to the untimely diagnosis and treatment of the primary disease. Therefore, sufficient attention should be paid to the PRES induced by ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV).

Diagnosis and interventions:
The patient is a middle-aged male, with acute onset, previous history of hypertension, cholecystectomy, intestinal obstruction, spontaneous renal rupture, etc. For this complaint, the manifestations are mainly blurred vision with convulsion and transient disturbance of consciousness. In 1 day of treatment, these symptoms were relieved, and he was diagnosed as PRES combined with the cranial imaging. The AAV of the patient was confirmed by spleen pathology.

Outcomes:
Despite the relief of most symptoms in 1 day of symptomatic treatment, it is highly likely that the patient eventually died of AAV, it is highly likely that the patient eventually died of AAV which will invade the vascular system due to the failure to treat the primary disease in time.

Lessons:
For patients diagnosed as PRES, the punctual identification of cause should be performed, so as to diagnose and correct the cause and primary disease as soon as possible, accompanied with the dynamical observation of the relevant indicators for suspected patients to avoid systemic organ failure.
Persistent severe muscle pain following mistakenly injected high-dose bee venom: A care-compliant case report
Authors: Chang Min Cheol 
Published: January 2023

Rationale:
In clinical practice, bee venom injection into acupuncture points is used to relieve various types of musculoskeletal pain. In the current study, we describe a patient who had persistent severe muscle pain caused by mistakenly injected high-dose bee venom.

Patient concerns:
A 63-year-old woman mistakenly received an injection of high-dose (2 mL; standard dose, 0.1 mL) bee venom (diluted in saline at a 1:2000 ratio). Immediately after the injection, extreme burning pain developed at the injection site, which persisted for 1 month with a mean pain score of 9 on the numeric rating scale. T1-weighted gadolinium-enhanced axial lumbar magnetic resonance imaging revealed increased intensity in the medial part of the left psoas muscle around the L4-5 intervertebral disc level.

Diagnosis:
This finding indicated the presence of inflammation in the left psoas muscle, which was thought to be associated with pain.

Interventions:
A buprenorphine transdermal patch (releasing 5 mcg/hours) was applied to alleviate the pain.

Outcomes:
Six months after the bee venom injection, the pain completely resolved.

Lessons:
Bee venom has a strong toxic effect; therefore, only a minimal dose of diluted bee venom should be administered for musculoskeletal pain control. Special caution is required during bee venom injection to avoid excessive doses of bee venom.
Prognosis and clinicopathological characteristics of metaplastic breast cancer: A meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Xiaolu , Tang Tiantian , Zhou Tao 
Published: January 2023

Background:
To compare the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of metaplastic breast cancer (MBC) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).

Methods:
A meta-analysis was performed on relevant cohort or case-control studies retrieved by a literature search of the PubMed, EMBASE, Ovid, and Web of Science databases. Hazard ratio (HR) was used to evaluate disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), and the odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to evaluate clinicopathological characteristics, including age, tumor diameter, lymph node metastasis status, distant metastasis status, TNM staging, and histological grade.

Results:
Nine studies were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with TNBC patients, the HRs for 5-year DFS and 5-year OS of those with MBC were 1.64 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.36 − 1.98; P < .001) and 1.52 (95% CI 1.27 − 1.81; P < .001), respectively. The OR for age ≥ 50 years, tumor diameter ≤ 5 cm, lymph node-negative, distant metastasis, TNM stage III and IV, and histological grade 3 was 1.63 (95% CI 1.45–1.84), 0.29 (95% CI 0.14–0.58), 1.46 (95% CI 1.13–1.88), 1.59 (95% CI 0.89–2.81), 1.49 (95% CI 0.80–2.77), and 2.25 (95% CI 0.85–5.97), respectively.

Conclusion:
Patients with MBC had worse prognosis than those with TNBC. Furthermore, regarding clinicopathological characteristics, patients with MBC mostly presented at ≥ 50 years of age, with tumor diameter > 5 cm, and negative lymph nodes at first diagnosis. Moreover, there were no statistically significant differences in the occurrence of distant metastasis, TNM stages III and IV, or histological grade 3. MBC treatment was not assessed in this study. Data from randomized controlled trials are needed to guide the treatment of patients with MBC.
Lung transplantation in a woman with paraquat poisoning that led to pulmonary fibrosis—Widely reported by the media: A case report
Authors: Wu Yunxiao , Li Ning , Li Suyan , Song Shumei 
Published: January 2023

Rationale:
Paraquat is an extremely toxic herbicide with a high mortality rate on poisoning. It can damage vital organs, such as the lungs, liver, heart, and kidneys. In this study, we report a case of pulmonary fibrosis after paraquat poisoning in a patient who underwent a lung transplant procedure after preoperative administration of corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents and continuous noninvasive ventilation support therapy.

Patient concerns:
An 18-year-old student was hospitalized owing to diarrhea, chest pain, and gradually evolving dyspnea.

Diagnoses:
Owing to the inability to estimate the intake concentration and dose, paraquat was only detected in the urine on the 13th day, resulting in rapid progression of the disease and severe pulmonary fibrosis.

Interventions:
Extensive media coverage has attracted the attention of all sectors of society. The patient received financial assistance; thus, she could receive a double-lung transplant with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support on the 34th day after the poisoning.

Outcomes:
Postoperatively, the girl was actively rehabilitated, adhered to anti-rejection medication, followed up regularly, and had a good prognosis.

Lessons:
Lung transplantation is currently the most effective treatment for pulmonary fibrosis, and mass media campaigns can provide economic support, influence potential organ donation, and provide such patients more chances to survive.
Cytoreductive radical prostatectomy: who benefits from the surgical approach?
Authors: Heidenreich Axel , Paffenholz Pia , Pfister David , Rieger Constantin 
Published: January 2023

Purpose of review
Local treatment in oligometastatic prostate cancer patients is associated with improved survival. Nevertheless, in term of surgery, cytoreductive radical prostatectomy has no level of evidence 1 and is an individual treatment approach. We reviewed the recent literature to highlight parameters for selecting patients for a surgical approach.

Recent findings
Retrospective data on oncologic outcome for cytoreductive prostatectomy are confirmed. We identified several parameters that help to select patients for surgery. Patients with a favorable prostate-specific antigen (PSA) decline after androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) have excellent oncologic long-term control. Circulating tumor cells (CTC's) are frequently analyzed in more advanced prostate cancer. In case of C-reactive protein (CRP) at least a longer interval to develop castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is shown in case of low CTC count at time of surgery. Nutrition status analyzed as the hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet (HALP)-score is of significant value in demonstrating an effect of CRP.

Summary
From retrospective findings we have several clinical and basic science parameters to select patients for CRP. PSA at the time of surgery is the most frequently analyzed one, whereas CTC and HALP-score are promising tools to select patients that need to be validated.
Stroke Rehabilitation in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Kayola Grace , Mataa Mataa M. , Asukile Melody , Chishimba Lorraine , Chomba Mashina , Mortel Dominique , Nutakki Aparna , Zimba Stanley , Saylor Deanna 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Stroke remains the second leading cause of global disability with 87% of stroke-related disability occurring in low- and middle-income countries. In low- and middle-income countries, access to acute stroke interventions is often limited, making effective poststroke rehabilitation potentially the best available intervention to promote poststroke recovery. Here, we build on our experience as an illustrative example of barriers individuals with stroke face in accessing rehabilitation services and review the literature to summarize challenges to providing effective rehabilitation in low- and middle-income countries. First, we focus on barriers individuals with stroke face in accessing rehabilitation in low- and middle-income countries, including health system barriers, such as lack of national guidelines, low prioritization of rehabilitation services, and inadequate numbers of skilled rehabilitation specialists, as well as patient factors, including limited health literacy, financial constraints, and transportation limitations. Next, we highlight consequences of this lack of rehabilitation access, including higher mortality, poorer functional outcomes, financial burden, caregiver stress, and loss of gross domestic product at a national level. Finally, we review possible strategies that could improve access and quality of rehabilitation services in low- and middle-income countries, including creation of inpatient stroke units, increased training opportunities for rehabilitation specialists, task shifting to available healthcare workers or caregivers, telerehabilitation, and community-based rehabilitation services.
Clinical Implementation of Noninvasive Brain Stimulation in an Outpatient Neurorehabilitation Program
Authors: Sebastian Rajani , Cherry-Allen Kendra M. , Pruski April , Sinkowitz Jake , Stilling Joan , Anaya Manuel A. , Cantarero Gabriela , Celnik Pablo A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Motor, speech, and cognitive impairments are the most common consequences of neurological disorders. There has been an increasing interest in the use of noninvasive brain stimulation techniques such as transcranial direct current stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation to augment the effects of neurorehabilitation. Numerous research studies have shown that transcranial direct current stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation are highly promising neuromodulation tools that can work as adjuvants to standard neurorehabilitation services, including physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech-language pathology. However, to date, there are vast differences in methodology in studies including noninvasive brain stimulation parameters, patient characteristics, time point of intervention after injury, and outcome measures, making it difficult to translate and implement transcranial direct current stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation in the clinical setting. Despite this, a series of principles are thought to underlie the effectiveness of noninvasive brain stimulation techniques. We developed a noninvasive brain stimulation rehabilitation program using these principles to provide best practices for applying transcranial direct current stimulation and/or transcranial magnetic stimulation as rehabilitation adjuvants in the clinical setting to help improve neurorehabilitation outcomes. This article outlines our approach, philosophy, and experience.
A Learning Health System Infrastructure for Precision Rehabilitation After Stroke
Authors: French Margaret A. , Daley Kelly , Lavezza Annette , Roemmich Ryan T. , Wegener Stephen T. , Raghavan Preeti , Celnik Pablo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Functional recovery and the response to rehabilitation interventions after stroke are highly variable. Understanding this variability will promote precision rehabilitation for stroke, allowing us to deliver targeted interventions to the right person at the right time. Capitalizing on large, heterogeneous data sets, such as those generated through clinical care and housed within the electronic health record, can lead to understanding of poststroke variability. However, accessing data from the electronic health record can be challenging because of data quality, privacy concerns, and the resources required for data extraction. Therefore, creating infrastructure that overcomes these challenges and contributes to a learning health system is needed to achieve precision rehabilitation after stroke. We describe the creation of a Precision Rehabilitation Data Repository that facilitates access to systematically collected data from the electronic health record as part of a learning health system to drive precision rehabilitation. Specifically, we describe the process of (1) standardizing the documentation of functional assessments, (2) obtaining regulatory approval, (3) defining the patient cohort, and (4) extracting data for the Precision Rehabilitation Data Repository. The development of similar infrastructures at other institutions can help generate large, heterogeneous data sets to drive poststroke care toward precision rehabilitation, thereby maximizing poststroke function within an efficient healthcare system.
The Relationship Between Impaired Coronary Endothelial Function and Systemic Markers of Inflammation in People Living With HIV
Authors: Bagchi Shashwatee , Kwapong Yaa A. , Schär Michael , Bonanno Gabriele , Streeb Valerie , Lai Shenghan , Gerstenblith Gary , Weiss Robert G. , Hays Allison G. 
Published: January 2023

Background:People with HIV (PWH) are at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, partially believed to be related to chronically elevated systemic inflammation. Abnormal systemic endothelial function (SEF) and coronary endothelial function (CEF) develop early in atherogenesis and predict adverse events. It is unknown whether abnormal CEF is related to systemic inflammation in PWH.Methods:In this substudy of a prior randomized controlled trial in PWH without prior clinical coronary artery disease suppressed on antiretroviral therapy with CEF as a primary end point (N = 82), we investigated the associations between baseline serum markers of inflammation and adhesion and baseline CEF, assessed by noninvasive MRI measures of percentage changes in coronary blood flow and cross-sectional area during isometric handgrip exercise, and SEF using brachial ultrasound for flow-mediated dilation. We also evaluated whether baseline marker levels were associated with CEF after 8 weeks in the placebo group (N = 40).Results:CEF measures were abnormal at baseline, based on trial entry criteria. A higher value of CEF was directly associated with levels of interleukin 10, whereas CEF at baseline was inversely associated with E-selectin. Worse CEF at 8 weeks was directly associated with baseline tumor necrosis factor alpha, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, C-reactive protein, interferon gamma and sICAM-3. SEF at baseline or 8 weeks was not associated with any baseline markers.Conclusion:Coronary but not systemic endothelial dysfunction was significantly associated with select markers of inflammation and adhesion in PWH. Furthermore, CEF but not SEF at 8 weeks was associated with baseline levels of inflammation. Our findings suggest that abnormal CEF and systemic markers of inflammation are linked in PWH.
Peripheral blood transcriptome analysis of patients with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome through high-throughput sequencing
Authors: Yan Bo , Wu Bin , Wang Zhi-Qiang , Wei Yan , Ni Ya-Li 
Published: January 2023

Objective:
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a frequent iatrogenic complication that arises during assisted reproduction and accounts for approximately 30% of all in vitro fertilization cycles. Using high-throughput sequencing, we investigated the peripheral blood transcriptome of patients with OHSS.

Methods:
Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 15 patients in each of the OHSS high-risk and low-risk groups on the ovum pick-up day. Subsequently, high-throughput sequencing was used to obtain the peripheral blood transcriptomes of five patients each from the high- and low-risk groups. Bioinformatic tools were used for mRNA expression profile mapping and screening of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Bioinformatics techniques were also implemented in the KEGG signal pathway, GO function, and protein-protein interaction network analyses of DEGs.

Results:
A total of 20,031 genes were identified and 148 were found to be differentially expressed (P <0.05, |log2FC| >0.58), with 52 upregulated and 96 downregulated genes. GO and KEGG analyses indicated that these genes were involved in extracellular corpuscles (GO:0070062), plasma membrane (GO:0005886), extracellular regions (GO:0005576), immune system response (GO:0006955), PI3K-Akt signaling pathways (hsa04151), cell adhesion molecules (CAMs, hsa04514), focal adhesion (hsa04510), and complement and coagulation cascades (hsa04610). The protein-protein interaction network and qPCR verification predicted that complement C3 (C3), von Willebrand factor (VWF), and vascular cell adhesion protein 1 (VCAM1) proteins are highly implicated in OHSS and may serve as potential biomarkers for future OHSS studies.

Conclusion:
Transcriptome analysis revealed several DEGs related to OHSS risk factors in the peripheral blood, indicating that these DEGs may be novel players in OHSS development.
Intense Axillary Accumulation of 99mTc-MDP Due to Perspiration
Authors: Guo Linlin , Pan Lili , Shen Guohua 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Prostate cancer was newly diagnosed in a 73-year-old man. He underwent bone scintigraphy to assess any skeletal involvement. No abnormal uptake was observed in the skeletal system, whereas intense radioactivity was seen in the bilateral axillary regions. Physical examination found large amounts of sweat. Repeat images revealed no axillary activity after washing. This case illustrated axillary accumulation of 99mTc-MDP due to perspiration.
Generalized Muscular Hypermetabolism Caused by Mitochondrial Myopathy Shown on 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Liang Menglin , Wu Meiqi , Jia Chenhao , Guo Ruijie , Cui Ruixue 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
An 18-year-old man presented with progressive exercise intolerance and muscle weakness for 1 year with recent acute exacerbation. Laboratory test demonstrated lactic acidosis. 18F-FDG PET/CT was performed to exclude malignancy and showed generalized muscular hypermetabolism. Muscle biopsy combined with patient's history suggested mitochondrial myopathy. This report illustrates that mitochondrial myopathy may present as generalized muscular hypermetabolism on 18F-FDG PET/CT and thus should be added to the differential diagnoses.
Early Hyperprogression of Lymphoma Detected by 18F-FDG PET/CT After Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy
Authors: He Limeng , Deng Yan , Deng Ying , Xie Hongjun , Zhang Wei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

18F-FDG PET/CT plays important roles in the staging, treatment monitoring, and prognostic assessment of lymphoma. A 65-year-old woman with refractory large B-cell lymphoma underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging 35 days after a chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. The images showed progression of the left maxillary lesion and additional involvement of the left facial subcutaneous tissue. Pathological examination of the left facial lesion led to a diagnosis of early hyperprogression of lymphoma.
IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON CANCER SCREENING IN DENMARK: A register-based study
Authors: Nonboe Mette Hartmann , Napolitano George , Schroll Jeppe Bennekou , Vejborg Ilse , Waldström Marianne , Lynge Elsebeth 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundDenmark was one of the few countries where it was politically decided to continue cancer screening during the COVID-19 pandemic. We assessed the actual population uptake of mammography and cervical screening during this period.MethodsThe first COVID-19 lockdown in Denmark was announced on 11 March 2020. To investigate possible changes in cancer screening activity due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we analysed data from the beginning of 2017 until the end of 2021, searching for trends and outliers in the activity throughout this period, particularly after the first lockdown. Data on mammography screening and cervical screening were retrieved from governmental pandemic-specific monitoring of health care activities.ResultsA brief drop was seen in screening activity right after the first COVID-19 lockdown, but the activity quickly returned to its previous level. A short-term deficit of 43% [-49 to -37] was found for mammography screening. A short-term deficit of 62% [-65 to -58] was found for cervical screening. Furthermore, a slight, statistically significant downward trend in cervical screening from 2018 to 2021 was probably unrelated to the pandemic. Other changes, e.g. a marked drop in mammography screening towards the end of 2021, also seem unrelated to the pandemic.ConclusionsThe policy in Denmark of continuing cancer screening during the pandemic was implemented very effectively.
Using early detection data to estimate the date of emergence of an epidemic outbreak
Authors: Jijón S. , Czuppon P. , Blanquart F. , Débarre F. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWhile the first infection of an emerging disease is often unknown, information on early cases can be used to date it. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, previous studies have estimated dates of emergence (e.g., first human SARS-CoV-2 infection, emergence of the Alpha SARS-CoV-2 variant) using mainly genomic data. Another dating attempt used a stochastic population dynamics approach and the date of the first reported case. Here, we extend this approach to use a larger set of early reported cases to estimate the delay from first infection to theNthcase. We first validate our model using data on Alpha variant infections in the UK, dating the first Alpha infection at (median) August 21, 2020 (95% interquantile range across retained simulations, IqR: July 23 – September 5, 2020. Next, we apply our model to data on COVID-19 cases with symptom onset before mid-January 2020. We date the first SARS-CoV-2 infection in Wuhan at (median) November 28, 2019 (95%IqR: November 2–December 9, 2019). Our results fall within ranges previously estimated by studies relying on genomic data. Our population dynamics-based modelling framework is generic and flexible, and thus can be applied to estimate the starting time of outbreaks in contexts other than COVID-19.Author summaryWhile the first infection of an emerging disease is often unknown, information on early cases can be used to date it. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, previous studies have estimated dates of emergence of epidemic outbreaks (e.g., first human SARS-CoV-2 infection, emergence of the Alpha SARS-CoV-2 variant) using mainly genomic data. Another dating attempt used a population-level stochastic approach and the date of the first reported case. Here, we extend this generic and flexible approach to use a larger set of early reported cases to estimate the time elapsed between the first infection and theNthcase. Our model dates the first Alpha infection at around August 21, 2020, and the first SARS-CoV-2 infection in Wuhan at around November 28, 2019. Our findings fall within ranges previously estimated by studies relying on genomic data.