bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MXene/TPU Composite Film for Humidity Sensing and Human Respiration Monitoring
Authors: Liu Tianqing , Qu Danyao , Guo Lihao , Zhou Gandong , Zhang Guangjian , Du Tao , Wu Weiwei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHuman respiration reflects abundant physiological information and could enable non‐invasive monitoring, providing information about various biological parameters such as respiration rate and depth. The rapidly growing field of humidity sensors bring forward the requirement for good performance. In this work, by virtue of good hydrophilicity and conductivity, a MXene/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composite film is prepared by coating MXene nanosheets on chitosan‐modified TPU electrospun nanofibers via electrostatic interactions, for fabricating a humidity sensor. Based on the principle that the tunnel resistance changing with water molecules influences the distance of MXene nanosheets, the MXene/TPU humidity sensor exhibits fast response (12 s), wide humidity response range (11–94% RH), low hysteresis (<7% RH), and excellent repeatability. The humidity sensor can be assembled with a face mask for distinguishing different human respiration patterns and accurately monitoring respiratory signals during different physical activities, suggesting its promising applications in the fields of respiratory monitoring.
Allosteric Activation of Transglutaminase 2 via Inducing an “Open” Conformation for Osteoblast Differentiation
Authors: Yang Zhuo , Zhang Xiao‐Wen , Zhuo Fang‐Fang , Liu Ting‐Ting , Luo Qian‐Wei , Zheng Yong‐Zhe , Li Ling , Yang Heng , Zhang Yi‐Chi , Wang Yan‐Hang , Liu Dan , Tu Peng‐Fei , Zeng Ke‐Wu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOsteoblasts play an important role in the regulation of bone homeostasis throughout life. Thus, the damage of osteoblasts can lead to serious skeletal diseases, highlighting the urgent need for novel pharmacological targets. This study introduces chemical genetics strategy by using small molecule forskolin (FSK) as a probe to explore the druggable targets for osteoporosis. Here, this work reveals that transglutaminase 2 (TGM2) served as a major cellular target of FSK to obviously induce osteoblast differentiation. Then, this work identifies a previously undisclosed allosteric site in the catalytic core of TGM2. In particular, FSK formed multiple hydrogen bonds in a saddle‐like domain to induce an “open” conformation of the β‐sandwich domain in TGM2, thereby promoting the substrate protein crosslinks by incorporating polyamine. Furthermore, this work finds that TGM2 interacted with several mitochondrial homeostasis‐associated proteins to improve mitochondrial dynamics and ATP production for osteoblast differentiation. Finally, this work observes that FSK effectively ameliorated osteoporosis in the ovariectomy mice model. Taken together, these findings show a previously undescribed pharmacological allosteric site on TGM2 for osteoporosis treatment, and also provide an available chemical tool for interrogating TGM2 biology and developing bone anabolic agent.
CircTmeff1 Promotes Muscle Atrophy by Interacting with TDP‐43 and Encoding A Novel TMEFF1‐339aa Protein
Authors: Chen Rui , Yang Tingting , Jin Bing , Xu Wanru , Yan Yuwei , Wood Nathanael , Lehmann H. Immo , Wang Siqi , Zhu Xiaolan , Yuan Weilin , Chen Hongjian , Liu Zhengyu , Li Guoping , Bowen T. Scott , Li Jin , Xiao Junjie 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSkeletal muscle atrophy is a common clinical feature of many acute and chronic conditions. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed RNA transcripts that are involved in various physiological and pathological processes, but their role in muscle atrophy remains unknown. Global circRNA expression profiling indicated that circRNAs are involved in the pathophysiological processes of muscle atrophy. circTmeff1 is identified as a potential circRNA candidate that influences muscle atrophy. It is further identified that circTmeff1 is highly expressed in multiple types of muscle atrophy in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, the overexpression of circTmeff1 triggers muscle atrophy in vitro and in vivo, while the knockdown of circTmeff1 expression rescues muscle atrophy in vitro and in vivo. In particular, the knockdown of circTmeff1 expression partially rescues muscle mass in mice during established atrophic settings. Mechanistically, circTmeff1 directly interacts with TAR DNA‐binding protein 43 (TDP‐43) and promotes aggregation of TDP‐43 in mitochondria, which triggers the release of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) into cytosol and activation of the cyclic GMP‐AMP synthase (cGAS)/ stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway. Unexpectedly, TMEFF1‐339aa is identified as a novel protein encoded by circTmeff1 that mediates its pro‐atrophic effects. Collectively, the inhibition of circTmeff1 represents a novel therapeutic approach for multiple types of skeletal muscle atrophy.
Oral Delivery of Bioactive Glass‐Loaded Core–Shell Hydrogel Microspheres for Effective Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Zhu Yanlun , Wang Yiwei , Xia Guanggai , Zhang Xuerao , Deng Shuai , Zhao Xiaoyu , Xu Yanteng , Chang Guozhu , Tao Yu , Li Mingqiang , Li Haiyan , Huang Xinyu , Chan Hon Fai 
Published: April 2023

AbstractResolving inflammation and promoting intestinal tissue regeneration are critical for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treatment. Bioactive glass (BG) is a clinically approved bone graft material and has been shown to modulate inflammatory response, but it is unknown whether BG can be applied to treat IBD. Here, it is reported that BG attenuates pro‐inflammatory response of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐stimulated macrophages and hence reduces inflammatory damage to intestinal organoids in vitro. In addition, zein/sodium alginate‐based core–shell microspheres (Zein/SA/BG) are developed for oral delivery of BG, which helps prevent premature dissolution of BG in the stomach. The results show that Zein/SA/BG protects BG from a gastric‐simulated environment while dissolved in an intestinal‐simulated environment. When administered to acute and chronic colitis mice model, Zein/SA/BG significantly reduces intestinal inflammation, promotes epithelial tissue regeneration, and partially restores microbiota homeostasis. These findings are the first to reveal the therapeutic efficacy of BG against IBD, which may provide a new therapeutic approach at low cost for effective IBD treatment.
High‐Yield Deterministic Focused Ion Beam Implantation of Quantum Defects Enabled by In Situ Photoluminescence Feedback
Authors: Chandrasekaran Vigneshwaran , Titze Michael , Flores Anthony R. , Campbell Deanna , Henshaw Jacob , Jones Andrew C. , Bielejec Edward S. , Htoon Han 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFocused ion beam implantation is ideally suited for placing defect centers in wide bandgap semiconductors with nanometer spatial resolution. However, the fact that only a few percent of implanted defects can be activated to become efficient single photon emitters prevents this powerful capability to reach its full potential in photonic/electronic integration of quantum defects. Here an industry adaptive scalable technique is demonstrated to deterministically create single defects in commercial grade silicon carbide by performing repeated low ion number implantation and in situ photoluminescence evaluation after each round of implantation. An array of 9 single defects in 13 targeted locations is successfully created—a ≈70% yield which is more than an order of magnitude higher than achieved in a typical single pass ion implantation. The remaining emitters exhibit non‐classical photon emission statistics corresponding to the existence of at most two emitters. This approach can be further integrated with other advanced techniques such as in situ annealing and cryogenic operations to extend to other material platforms for various quantum information technologies.
Pulsed Light Synthesis of High Entropy Nanocatalysts with Enhanced Catalytic Activity and Prolonged Stability for Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Abdelhafiz Ali , Tanvir A. N. M. , Zeng Minxiang , Wang Baoming , Ren Zhichu , Harutyunyan Avetik R. , Zhang Yanliang , Li Ju 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe ability to synthesize compositionally complex nanostructures rapidly is a key to high‐throughput functional materials discovery. In addition to being time‐consuming, a majority of conventional materials synthesis processes closely follow thermodynamics equilibria, which limit the discovery of new classes of metastable phases such as high entropy oxides (HEO). Herein, a photonic flash synthesis of HEO nanoparticles at timescales of milliseconds is demonstrated. By leveraging the abrupt heating and cooling cycles induced by a high‐power‐density xenon pulsed light, mixed transition metal salt precursors undergo rapid chemical transformations. Hence, nanoparticles form within milliseconds with a strong affinity to bind to the carbon substrate. Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity measurements of the synthesized nanoparticles demonstrate two orders of magnitude prolonged stability at high current densities, without noticeable decay in performance, compared to commercial IrO2 catalyst. This superior catalytic activity originates from the synergistic effect of different alloying elements mixed at a high entropic state. It is found that Cr addition influences surface activity the most by promoting higher oxidation states, favoring optimal interaction with OER intermediates. The proposed high‐throughput method opens new pathways toward developing next‐generation functional materials for various electronics, sensing, and environmental applications, in addition to renewable energy conversion.
Bioinspired Conductive Enhanced Polyurethane Ionic Skin as Reliable Multifunctional Sensors
Authors: Zhao Bicheng , Yan Jiaqi , Long Fen , Qiu Wu , Meng Guoqing , Zeng Zhicheng , Huang Hui , Wang Han , Lin Naibo , Liu Xiang‐Yang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIonogels prepared from ionic liquid (IL) have the characteristics of nonevaporation and stable performance relative to traditional hydrogels. However, the conductivities of commonly used ionogels are at very low relative to traditional hydrogels because the large sizes of the cation and anion in an IL impedes ion migration in polymer networks. In this study, ultradurable ionogels with suitable mechanical properties and high conductivities are prepared by impregnating IL into a safe, environmentally friendly water‐based polyurethane (WPU) network by mimicking the ion transport channels in the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane. The increase in electrical conductivity is attributed to the introduction of carboxylic acid in the hard segment of WPU; this phenomenon regularly arranges hard segment structural domains by hydrogen bonding, forming ionic conduction channels. The conductivities of their ionogels are >28–39 mS cm−1. These ionogels have adjustable mechanical properties that make the Young's modulus value (0.1–0.6 MPa) similar to that of natural skin. The strain sensor has an ultrahigh sensitivity that ranges from 0.99 to 1.35, with a wide sensing range of 0.1%–200%. The findings are promising for various ionotronics requiring environmental stability and high conductivity characteristics.
Thickness‐Dependent Thermal Conductivity and Phonon Mean Free Path Distribution in Single‐Crystalline Barium Titanate
Authors: Negi Ankit , Rodriguez Alejandro , Zhang Xuanyi , Comstock Andrew H. , Yang Cong , Sun Dali , Jiang Xiaoning , Kumah Divine , Hu Ming , Liu Jun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNanosized perovskite ferroelectrics are widely employed in several electromechanical, photonics, and thermoelectric applications. Scaling of ferroelectric materials entails a severe reduction in the lattice (phonon) thermal conductivity, particularly at sub‐100 nm length scales. Such thermal conductivity reduction can be accurately predicted using the information of phonon mean free path (MFP) distribution. The current understanding of phonon MFP distribution in perovskite ferroelectrics is still inconclusive despite the critical thermal management implications. Here, high‐quality single‐crystalline barium titanate (BTO) thin films, a representative perovskite ferroelectric material, are grown at several thicknesses. Using experimental thermal conductivity measurements and first‐principles based modeling (including four‐phonon scattering), the phonon MFP distribution is determined in BTO. The simulation results agree with the measured thickness‐dependent thermal conductivity. The results show that the phonons with sub‐100 nm MFP dominate the thermal transport in BTO, and phonons with MFP exceeding 10 nm contribute ≈35% to the total thermal conductivity, in significant contrast to previously published experimental results. The experimentally validated phonon MFP distribution is consistent with the theoretical predictions of other complex crystals with strong anharmonicity. This work paves the way for thermal management in nanostructured and ferroelectric‐domain‐engineered systems for oxide perovskite‐based functional materials.
A High Energy‐Density, Cobalt‐Free, Low‐Nickel LiNi0.7Mn0.25Al0.05O2 Cathode with a High‐Voltage Electrolyte for Lithium‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Sim Richard , Su Laisuo , Manthiram Arumugam 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCobalt‐free cathode materials have garnered increased attention for applications in next‐generation batteries for electric vehicles, as cobalt is considered to have at a high supply chain risk. Here, the use of a localized saturated electrolyte (LSE) to enable stable cycling of a cobalt‐free, low‐nickel layered‐oxide cathode LiNi0.7Mn0.25Al0.05O2 (NMA‐70) to higher voltages (4.6 V) in a lithium‐metal battery is demonstrated. Compared to the baseline LP57 electrolyte, the LSE extends the cycle life from ≈100 cycles to ≈400 cycles before reaching 80% capacity retention. Visual indicators of cell degradation, such as product deposition, are observed on electrodes cycled in LP57. It is shown that cycling NMA‐70 in LSE reduces the overall active material loss and overpotential growth during extended cycling. This is attributed to the formation of a beneficial fluorinated interphase layer, a lower degree of rock‐salt phase formation, and a reduction in the gas evolution from the cathode surface. The decrease in gas evolution from the cathode cycled in LSE reflects a lower degree of electrolyte reactivity and an overall improvement in the safety characteristics of the cell. This study highlights the importance of a stable electrolyte to enable the high‐voltage cycling of alternative, lower nickel, and cobalt‐free cathodes.
7.9 µm Turing Membranes with High Ion Conductivity for High Power Density Zinc‐Based Flow Battery
Authors: Wu Jine , Liao Chenyi , Li Tianyu , Lu Wenjing , Xu Wei , Ye Bangjiao , Li Guohui , Zhang Hongjun , Li Xianfeng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIon conductive membranes with rapid and selective ion transport are in high demand for high‐power energy storage devices. Surface periodic Turing microstructures are scientifically compelling for their high specific surface area which can promote ion transport of membranes. Here, high‐conductivity thin Turing membranes prepared by Co2+ coordination with polybenzimidazole (OPBI) are designed and their efficient ion transport in the alkaline zinc‐iron flow battery (AZIFB) is demonstrated. In this design, the Turing structure increases the effective contact area with the electrolyte, and the 7.9 µm thickness shortens the transmembrane pathway for ions. Molecular dynamics simulations further show that Co2+‐coordination enlarges the inner‐chain volume of membranes and forms continuous water channels for rapid ion transport. The boosting effect of membranes with high ion conductivity is proven by the peak power density and energy efficiency of the AZIFB, which shows an ultrahigh peak power density of 1147 mW cm−2 and demonstrates an energy efficiency of 80% even at a high current density of 200 mA cm−2.
Parallel deletion and duplication at 7q11.23 in a silent carrier for two reciprocal syndromic disorders
Authors: Lühmann Jonathan Lukas , Schmidt Gunnar , Auber Bernd , Bergmann Anke Katharina , Brandau Oliver , Louis Anja , Hentze Sabine , Eisfeld Katrin , Schlegelberger Brigitte , Klaes Ruediger , Steinemann Doris 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPartial deletions at chromosome 7q11.23 are causative for the autosomal‐dominant Williams–Beuren syndrome (WBS), whereas the partial duplication of this region leads to the 7q11.23 duplication syndrome. Both syndromes are highly penetrant and occur with a frequency of 1:7500–10,000 (WBS) and 1:13,000–20,000 (7q11.23 duplication syndrome). They are associated with multiple organ defects, intellectual disability, and typical facial dysmorphisms showing broad phenotypic variability. The 7q11.23 region is susceptible to chromosomal rearrangements due to flanking segmental duplications and regions of long repetitive DNA segments. Here, we report on a family with two children affected by WBS and clinically unaffected parents. Interestingly, metaphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) revealed a deletion on 7q11.23 in the father. Intensive genetic testing, using interphase FISH, whole genome sequencing and optical genome mapping led to the confirmation of a 1.5 Mb deletion at one 7q11.23 allele and the identification of a reciprocal 1.8 Mb duplication at the other allele. This finding is highly important regarding genetic counseling in this family. The father is a silent carrier for two syndromic disorders, thus his risk to transmit a disease‐causing allele is 100%. To the best of our knowledge we, here, report on the first case in which the phenotype of a microdeletion/microduplication syndrome was compensated by its reciprocal counterpart.
Research Progress on Carbon Dioxide Reduction Coupled with the Formation of C−O Bonds to Oxygenated Compounds
Authors: Guo Zhiqiang , Yang Boru , Jia Jinping , Wei Xuehong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn recent years, carbon dioxide (CO2) has been released into the atmosphere resulting in rising CO2 concentration, which has a great impact on climate problems such as global warming. Carbon dioxide is a rich, cheap and easily available renewable resource. The reduction of carbon dioxide as a C1 source into synthetic fuels or high‐value chemicals has aroused great interest among chemists. Over the past few decades, great progress has been made in carbon dioxide reduction and C−C, C−N, C−S bonds construction, but there are still great challenges in the hierarchical reduction of carbon dioxide coupled with the formation of C−O bonds. In this review, we summarized the research progress of carbon dioxide reduction coupled with the formation of C−O bonds to oxygenated compounds in alcohols andprospected the opportunities and challenges in this field.
Total sleep duration and daytime napping in relation to dementia detection risk: Results from the Million Women Study
Authors: Wong Angel T. Y. , Reeves Gillian K. , Floud Sarah 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionThere is inconsistent evidence on the associations of sleep duration and daytime napping with dementia risk.MethodsIn the Million Women Study, a total of 830,716 women (mean age, 60 years) were asked about sleep duration (<7, 7–8, >8 hours) and daytime napping (rarely/never, sometimes, usually) in median year 2001, and were followed for the first hospital record with any mention of dementia. Cox regression estimated dementia detection risk ratios (RRs) during 17‐year follow‐up in 5‐year intervals.ResultsWith 34,576 dementia cases, there was strong attenuation over follow‐up in the RRs related to long sleep duration (>8 vs 7–8 hours) and usually napping (vs rarely/never). Short sleep duration was modestly, positively associated with dementia in the long term (RR = 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04–1.12).DiscussionThere was little evidence to suggest that long sleep duration and regular napping are associated with long‐term dementia risk. Short sleep duration was modestly associated with dementia risk, but residual confounding cannot be excluded.Highlights
Long sleep duration was not associated with long‐term dementia risk.
Daytime napping was not associated with long‐term dementia risk.
There is some evidence for a small higher risk of dementia related to short sleep.
The correlation between neuropathology levels and cognitive performance in centenarians
Authors: Zhang Meng , Ganz Andrea B. , Rohde Susan , Lorenz Linda , Rozemuller Annemieke J. M. , van Vliet Kimberley , Graat Marieke , Sikkes Sietske A. M. , Reinders Marcel J. T. , Scheltens Philip , Hulsman Marc , Hoozemans Jeroen J. M. , Holstege Henne 
Published: April 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONNeuropathological substrates associated with neurodegeneration occur in brains of the oldest old. How does this affect cognitive performance?METHODSThe 100‐plus Study is an ongoing longitudinal cohort study of centenarians who self‐report to be cognitively healthy; post mortem brain donation is optional. In 85 centenarian brains, we explored the correlations between the levels of 11 neuropathological substrates with ante mortem performance on 12 neuropsychological tests.RESULTSLevels of neuropathological substrates varied: we observed levels up to Thal‐amyloid beta phase 5, Braak‐neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) stage V, Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD)‐neuritic plaque score 3, Thal‐cerebral amyloid angiopathy stage 3, Tar‐DNA binding protein 43 (TDP‐43) stage 3, hippocampal sclerosis stage 1, Braak‐Lewy bodies stage 6, atherosclerosis stage 3, cerebral infarcts stage 1, and cerebral atrophy stage 2. Granulovacuolar degeneration occurred in all centenarians. Some high performers had the highest neuropathology scores.DISCUSSIONOnly Braak‐NFT stage and limbic‐predominant age‐related TDP‐43 encephalopathy (LATE) pathology associated significantly with performance across multiple cognitive domains. Of all cognitive tests, the clock‐drawing test was particularly sensitive to levels of multiple neuropathologies.
Salzabfall‐freie Carboxylierung von Acetylen: Grüne Synthese von C4‐Chemikalien durch einen CO2‐Druck‐induzierten Aciditätsswitch
Authors: van Lingen Tim , Bragoni Valentina , Dyga Marco , Exner Benjamin , Schick Daniel , Held Christoph , Sadowski Gabriele , Gooßen Lukas J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDie Vermeidung der Bildung equimolarer Mengen an Salzabfällen ist eine der größten Herausforderungen zur Nutzung von CO2 als C1 Baustein in C‐H‐Carboxylierungsreaktionen. Zur Lösung dieses Problems wurde ein zyklischer Prozess entwickelt, in welchem die industrielle Basischemikalie Dimethylsuccinat aus CO2 und Acetylen synthetisiert wird. Bei moderatem CO2‐Druck kann Acetylen mit Cäsiumcarbonat zweifach carboxyliert und das intermediäre Salz durch Hydrierung der C‐C‐Dreifachbindung stabilisiert werden. Bei 70 bar CO2 wird das Reaktionsmedium reversibel angesäuert, was die Veresterung des Carboxylatsalzes mit dem Lösemittel Methanol ermöglicht. Die Cäsiumbase und der Hydrierkatalysator können regeneriert und wiederverwendet werden. Dieses Reaktionskonzept eröffnet einen neuen Weg zur Umsetzung von Biogas (CH4/CO2) zu industriell relevanten C4 Basischemikalien. Der reversible Aziditätsswitch, die Rolle der Cäsiumbase so wie die des Lösungsmittelgemisches wurden durch thermodynamische Modellierung aufgeklärt.