bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical study of butyrylcholinesterase and heparin binding protein as early markers of traumatic inflammation
Authors: Zhang Huiying , Liu Hui , Wang Jianguo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background To observe the changes of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and heparin binding protein (HBP) in post-traumatic inflammation, in order to determine whether they can be used as early diagnostic indicators of post-traumatic inflammation.
Methods Injury severity score (ISS) was used to evaluate the severity of trauma. The activity of butyrylcholinesterase in patients with traumatic injury with ISS ≤ 3 and ISS > 3 was detected, and the levels of related inflammatory biomarkers were detected. Sixty patients with trauma treated in our hospital from August 2022 to October 2022 were divided into control group (ISS ≤ 3) and damage group (ISS > 3) according to ISS. Another 30 cases of non-invasive physical examination in the same period were selected as the normal group. BChE, HBP, white blood cell count (WBCC) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured at T0, 1 h (T1), 2 h (T2), 3 h (T3), 4 h (T4) and 5 h (T5). The differences among the indexes were statistically analyzed.
Result The BChE of patients with ISS > 3 decreased significantly at 1 hour after admission, while the BChE of patients with ISS ≤ 3 had no significant change at 5 hours. The HBP of the patients with ISS > 3 increased significantly at 1 hour after admission, while the BChE of the patients with ISS ≤ 3 had no significant change at 5 hours. There was no significant change in CRP and WBCC at 5 h.
Conclusion The decrease of butyrylcholinesterase activity and the increase of heparin binding protein activity are the early indicators of acute systemic inflammation, which may be of great significance for the early diagnosis of traumatic systemic inflammation.
Trial registration This study was registered on http://www.chictr.org.cn/ with clinical trial registration number of ChiCTR 2200065884.
Pre-transplant Biomarkers of Immune Dysfunction Improve Risk Assessment of Post-transplant Mortality Compared With Conventional Clinical Risk Scores
Authors: Medina-Morales J. Esli , Panayotova Guergana G. , Nguyen Duc T. , Graviss Edward A. , Prakash Gagan S. , Marsh Jeffery A. , Simonishvili Sopio , Shah Yash , Ayorinde Tumininu , Qin Yong , Jin Lianhua , Zoumpou Theofano , Minze Laurie J. , Paterno Flavio , Amin Arpit , Riddle Grace Lee , Ghobrial R. Mark , Guarrera James V. , Lunsford Keri E. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Introduction: There is a critical need to accurately stratify liver transplant (LT) candidates' risk of post-LT mortality prior to LT to optimize patient selection and avoid futility. Here, we compare current pre-LT clinical risk scores with the recently developed Liver Immune Frailty Index (LIFI) for prediction of post-LT mortality. LIFI measures immune dysregulation based on pre-LT plasma HCV IgG, MMP3 and Fractalkine. LIFI accurately predicts post-LT mortality, with LIFI-low corresponding to 1.4% 1-year post-LT mortality compared with 58.3% for LIFI-high (C-statistic=0.85).
Methods: LIFI was compared to MELD, MELD-Na, MELD 3.0, D-MELD, MELD-GRAIL, MELD-GRAIL-Na, UCLA-FRS, BAR, SOFT, P-SOFT, and LDRI scores on 289 listed patients (T0). Survival, hazard of early post-LT death, and discrimination power (C-statistic) were assessed (Stata v17).
Results: LIFI showed superior discrimination (highest C-statistic) of post-LT mortality when compared to all other risk scores, irrespective of biologic MELD. On univariate analysis, the LIFI showed a significant correlation with mortality at 3- and 6-months, as well as 1-, 3-, and 5-years. No other pre-LT scoring system significantly correlated with post-LT mortality. On bivariate adjusted analysis, African American race and pre-LT cardiovascular disease were significantly associated with early- and long-term post-LT mortality (p<0.05). Patients who died within 1-yr following LT had a significantly higher incidence of infections, including 30-day and 90-day incidence of any infection, pneumonia, abdominal infections, and UTI (p<0.05).
Conclusions: LIFI, which measures pre-LT biomarkers of immune dysfunction, more accurately predicts risk of post-LT futility compared with current clinical predictive models. Pre-LT assessment of immune dysregulation may be critical in predicting mortality after LT and may optimize selection of candidates with lowest risk of futile outcomes.
ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL STUDENTS’ LEARNING STYLES IN EFL CLASS
Authors: Kalsum Kalsum 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
The students sometimes get confused with the English material because their learning style does not match with the presentation of the teacher. the learning styles need be known by teachers involved in teaching and learning process. This research aims to disclose students' needs for learning English based on their learning styles. This research used quantitative research with survey research methods. The research was conducted on second grade students of MA in three Islamic boarding schools in the city of Parepare, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The instrument in this study is a questionnaire containing the Perceptual Learning Style Preferences Questionnaire consisting of Visual, Auditory. Kinesthetics, Tactile, Group and Individual Styles. This research discloses that students have more kinesthetics, auditory, visual, and group learning styles. It found that students’ learning styles are major in visual, auditory, kinesthetics, and group learning styles. Meanwhile, some of the students in Boarding School of Parepare are minor in tactile and individual learning styles. Therefore, the teacher should make teaching materials based on the learning style of each student.
Lessons from the first-in-human in vivo CRISPR/Cas9 editing of the TTR gene by NTLA-2001 trial in patients with transthyretin amyloidosis with cardiomyopathy
Authors: Kotit Susy 
Published: February 2023

Study and results: The first-in-human in vivo CRISPR/Cas9 trial of TTR Gene editing by NTLA-2001 in patients with Transthyretin Amyloidosis and cardiomyopathy was designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, efficacy, and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic responses to IV NTLA-2001 administration and its effect on serum transthyretin (TTR) levels in patients with ATTR amyloidosis and cardiomyopathy. Twelve subjects received NTLA-2001 (three NYHA I/II subjects at 0.7 mg/kg, three subjects at 1.0 mg/kg, and six NYHA III subjects at 0.7 mg/kg). Serum TTR levels were reduced from the baseline in all subjects (mean>90% after 28 days). Mean % reductions (+/-SEM) from baseline to day 28 were: NYHA I/II at 0.7 mg/kg = 92% (1%), at 1.0 mg/kg = 92% (2%), and for NYHA III at 0.7 mg/kg = 94% (1%) maintained through 4-6 months. Two of the 12 patients (16.7 %) reported a transient infusion reaction. One patient experienced a grade 3 infusion-related reaction that resolved without any clinical sequelae.
Design of downhill regenerative braking control method for hybrid electric vehicle
Authors: Miao Jia 
Published: February 2023

In order to improve the downhill regenerative braking control effect of hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), this paper designs a downhill regenerative braking control method for hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). Firstly, the structures of regenerative braking system, auxiliary braking system and eddy current retarder (ECR) are analyzed. Secondly, the braking torque of ECR when HEV downhill braking is calculated. Then, the braking process of HEV is dynamically analyzed, and the braking force distribution constraint of HEV is realized according to the relevant laws and regulations. Finally, the downhill regenerative braking control of HEV is realized based on the braking force distribution coefficient. The results show that when the vehicle speed is up to 120 km·h, the speed control can still be completed within 2 s by using the proposed method, indicating a good regenerative braking effect.
Implementation of an anaerobic selector step for the densification of activated sludge treating high-salinity petrochemical wastewater
Authors: Poelmans Sven , Dockx Lennert , Seguel Suazo Karina , Goettert Dorothee , Dries Jan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Sludge bulking is a common challenge in industrial biological wastewater treatment. Leading to difficulties such as bad sludge settling and washout, which is a problem also encountered in the petrochemical industry. Anaerobic feeding strategies can be used to induce the growth of storage-capable organisms, such as glycogen-accumulating organisms (GAO), leading to denser sludge flocs and better settling. In this study, the implementation of an anaerobic feeding strategy was investigated for high-salinity petrochemical wastewater (±35 g salts·L−1), using a sequencing batch reactor. Influent, effluent and sludge characteristics were analyzed throughout the operational period, which can be divided into three stages: I (normal operation), II (increased influent volume) and III (longer anaerobic mixing). Good effluent quality was observed during all stages with effluent chemical oxygen demand (COD) &lt; 100 mgO2·L−1 and removal efficiencies of 95%. After 140 days, the sludge volume index decreased below 100 mL·g−1 reaching the threshold of good settling sludge. Sludge morphology clearly improved, with dense sludge flocs and less filaments being present. A maximum anaerobic dissolved oxygen carbon (DOC) uptake was achieved on day 80 with 74% during stage III. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing showed the presence of GAOs, with increasing relative read abundance over time from 1 to 3.5%.
Sustainability assessment of retrofitting alternatives for large and old wastewater treatment plants in Seoul
Authors: Kwon Soonwon , Zhang Chuanli , Oh Jeill , Park Kyoohong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOld wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) must be upgraded to alleviate the problems associated with aging and reduce their total environmental impacts. To enhance the environmental sustainability in retrofitting large and old WWTPs, the decision-making process for selecting the most appropriate alternative is complicated. In this study, evaluation criteria were proposed to select the most sustainable alternatives for mid- to long-term retrofitting plans for a large WWTP with the treatment capacity of 1.6 M m3/d, which is initially built in 1987. An analytic hierarchy process was applied to estimate the weights of each criterion. Fourteen experts evaluated the relative importance of criteria through pairwise comparisons. In order to assess the current retrofitting opinions, three retrofitting alternatives were constructed: A focused on energy sufficiency; B expanded the bioreactor capacity and enhancement of the facility for incinerating the sludge leaving the anaerobic digestor; C emphasized the treatment of contaminants of emerging concerns (CECs). A achieved the highest score (0.623) owing to the environmental benefits associated with recycling and first flush stormwater treatment. C exhibited the second highest score (0.612) as the focus on CECs removal. B corresponded to the lowest sustainability (0.426), with the lowest scores pertaining to effective land use and first flush stormwater treatment.
Reconstructive vascular surgery in pediatric oncology: literature review
Authors: Gurgenidze N. N. , Popov G. I. , Kutenkov A. A. , Trushin A. A. , Zayceva A. N. , Shvetsov A. N. , Kazantsev I. V. , Zakharenko A. A. 
Published: February 2023

Background. In some rare cases pediatric solid tumors may infiltrate or incase major vessels, which may require vascular plastics as part of radical tumor resection. As these situations are rare in pediatric surgeon practice, there is no common approach to this problem. In order to analyze the available experience we reviewed published cases concerning vascular plastics in pediatric oncosurgery. Materials and methods. The references from MEDLINE (PubMed), HighWire Press, and eLibrary electronic databases were analyzed for references describing practical vascular surgery experience with vascular implants published in 2002–2022. Results. There is few published data on major vessels reconstruction in patients with pediatric solid tumors. Most publications describe single cases or small case series. The vascular plastics in these children is difficult due to small vessel diameter, difficulties in choosing the right graft, risk of thrombosis, and the need to provide adequate circulation in a rapidly growing child. As there are no major studies of this subject we still have no consensus on optimal vascular reconstruction tactics in children with solid tumors. Therefore, new systematic studies are needed. Conclusion. We provide a brief review on currently used methods of vascular plastics and reconstruction available for use in children with solid tumors.
Therapeutic Potential of Thiophene Compounds: A Mini-Review
Authors: Chawla Shivani , Sharma Shweta , Kashid Sarfraj , Verma Prabhakar Kumar , Sapra Ashu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
A rising number of researchers are interested in thiophene-based analogs as they have wide
possibilities of biological potential in the largely developing chemical world of the heterocyclic moiety.
It also occupies a central position in synthetic organic chemistry and is of the highest theoretical
and practical importance. It became an important moiety for researchers to discover combinatorial
libraries and implement the efforts in search of the lead entity. Moreover, it helps medicinal chemists
to improve sophisticated molecules with a broad range of pharmacological activities. Thiophene and
its synthetic derivatives are a prominent heterocyclic compound class with intriguing uses in medical
chemistry. It has been manifesting to be an effective drug in current respective diseases scenario. It
has been discovered that thiophene had an extensive spectrum of pharmacological potential with numerous
applications in academic interest, in the pharmaceutical industry, material science, and medicinal
chemistry. Antimitotic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, antipsychotic, antiarrhythmic,
anti-anxiety, antifungal, antioxidant, estrogen receptor regulating, and anti-cancer are one
of the pharmacological and physiological activities of thiophene moiety. However, there are some
marketed formulations available such as Thiophenfurin, Teniposide, Cefoxitin, Ticaconazole,
Sertaconazole, Suprofen, ketotifen, Brinzolamide, Dorzolamide, Tiotropium which contain thiophene
nucleus. Thus, in brief, gathering recent data is necessary to comprehend the present scenario of thiophene
moiety for scientific research purposes and highlights a broad view of the biological potential
of compounds having a thiophene nucleus.
Digital Intervention for the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Manchanda Namish , Aggarwal Akanksha , Setya Sonal , Talegaonkar Sushama 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive, multifactorial, chronic, neurodegenerative disease with high prevalence and limited therapeutic options, making it a global health crisis. Being the most common cause of dementia, AD erodes the cognitive, functional, and social abilities of the individual and causes escalating medical and psychosocial needs. As yet, this disorder has no cure and current treatment options are palliative in nature. There is an urgent need for novel therapy to address this pressing challenge. Digital therapeutics (Dtx) is one such novel therapy that is gaining popularity globally. Dtx provides evidence based therapeutic interventions driven by internet and software, employing tools such as mobile devices, computers, videogames, apps, sensors, virtual reality aiding in the prevention, management, and treatment of ailments like neurological abnormalities and chronic diseases. Dtx acts as a supportive tool for the optimization of patient care, individualized treatment and improved health outcomes. Dtx uses visual, sound and other non-invasive approaches for instance-consistent therapy, reminiscence therapy, computerised cognitive training, semantic and phonological assistance devices, wearables and computer-assisted rehabilitation environment to find applications in Alzheimer's disease for improving memory, cognition, functional abilities and managing motor symptom. A few of the Dtx-based tools employed in AD include "Memory Matters", "AlzSense", "Alzheimer Assistant", "smart robotic dog", "Immersive virtual reality (iVR)" and the most current gamma stimulation. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current trends in digital health in AD and explore the benefits, challenges, and impediments of using Dtx as an adjunctive therapy for the management of AD.
Pesticide Exposure and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Case-control Study
Authors: Kiani Zohreh , Asadikaram Gholamreza , Faramarz Sanaz , Salimi Fouzieh , Ebrahimi Hosseinali 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
This study aimed to investigate the levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in the serum of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients.

Methods:
63 AD patients and 50 healthy individuals participated, and the levels of some OCPs derivatives (including; α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH, 2,4-DDT, 4,4-DDT, 2,4-DDE, and 4,4-DDE), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), protein carbonyl (PC), malondialdehyde (MDA), Nitric oxide (NO) along with the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), paraoxonase 1(PON1), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were measured.

Results:
The mean OCP level of OCPs in AD patients was significantly higher than in the control group. However, the patients' mean levels of TAC, PC, MDA and activity of SOD, GPx, PON1 and AChE were significantly lower than controls. A significant positive correlation was also observed between 2,4-DDE and MDA and between γ-HCH and PC in AD patients. These findings showed that pesticide exposure is associated with an increased risk of AD. Furthermore, the mean levels of oxidative stress markers, which may result from pesticide exposure, were significantly lower in AD patients compared to healthy individuals.

Conclusion:
Therefore, it may conclude that pesticides, at least in part, contribute to AD development through several mechanisms, including the induction of oxidative stress.

conclusion:
These results suggest that pesticides contribute to AD development, at least in part, through several mechanisms, including induction of oxidative stress.
Application of Improved Support Vector Machine for Pulmonary
Syndrome Exposure with Computer Vision Measures
Authors: Khadidos Adil O. , Alshareef Abdulrhman M. , Manoharan Hariprasath , Khadidos Alaa O. , Selvarajan Shitharth 
Published: February 2023

Background:
In many medically developed applications, the process of early diagnosis in
cases of pulmonary disease does not exist. Many people experience immediate suffering due to the lack
of early diagnosis, even after becoming aware of breathing difficulties in daily life. Because of this,
identifying such hazardous diseases is crucial, and the suggested solution combines computer vision and
communication processing techniques. As computing technology advances, a more sophisticated mechanism
is required for decision-making.

Objective:
The major objective of the proposed method is to use image processing to demonstrate computer
vision-based experimentation for identifying lung illness. In order to characterize all the uncertainties
that are present in nodule segments, an improved support vector machine is also integrated into the
decision-making process.

Methods:
As a result, the suggested method incorporates an Improved Support Vector Machine (ISVM)
with a clear correlation between various margins. Additionally, an image processing technique is introduced
where all impacted sites are marked at high intensity to detect the presence of pulmonary syndrome.
Contrary to other methods, the suggested method divides the image processing methodology into
groups, making the loop generation process much simpler.

Results:
Five situations are taken into account to demonstrate the effectiveness of the suggested technique,
and test results are compared with those from existing models.

Conclusion:
The proposed technique with ISVM produces 83 percent of successful results.
Newly Synthesized Arylazo Derivatives Induce Apoptosis and G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest
With Molecular Docking Validation in Human Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Laboud Yara N. , Hassan Nourhan , Hassaneen Hamdi M. , Hassaneen Huwaida M. E. , Saleh Fatma M. , Mohamed Teleb Mohamed A. 
Published: February 2023

Objective:
We reported herein the synthesis of novel arylazo derivatives 3a-e incorporating isoquinoline
moiety.

Methods:
A coupling reaction of 2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1-yl)acetonitrile 1 with diazotized heterocyclic
amines 2 in ethanol in the presence of sodium acetate to give arylazo derivatives 3a-e.

Results:
Cytotoxic effect of five arylazo derivatives on breast carcinoma MCF7 and hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2
was carried out, followed by molecular and functional-based assays, to estimate the anticancer effect of these compounds.
The fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) and epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) were found to
interact and bind with the compounds 3a and 3d through several hydrophobic and hydrogen bonds, which were validated
by molecular docking.

Conclusion:
The two promising compounds 3a and 3d demonstrated various anticancer potential activities on tumorigenesis,
cytotoxicity, and apoptotic effects, exhibited in the deregulation of the expression of different genes involved
in apoptotic and anti-apoptotic mechanisms, cell cycle arrest at G2/M, and induction of apoptosis in both cell lines.
Development of an Isothermal Point-of-care Genetic Rapid Test for
the Detection of the HLA-B*57:01 Allele, a Predictor for Hypersensitivity
Reaction Caused by Abacavir, for Stratifying Patients for Antiretroviral
Abacavir HIV Therapy
Authors: Jacobsen Alexander E. , Jüngling Antje , Gorges Corinna , Eidens Moritz 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Abacavir is used in the treatment of HIV-infected patients. A hypersensitive
reaction (HSR) occurs in about 5-8% of patients treated with Abacavir. The
HLA-B*57:01 allele is a valuable predictor for HSR and its screening is mandatory prior to
treatment with Abacavir.

Objective:
Current screening methods require considerable investments for equipment. In
order to lower the required investments and enable physician practices to perform the
screening in a point-of-care (PoC) setting, our objective was to develop a novel isothermal
genetic rapid test that requires a minimal setup cost, does not require specific training and
thus is suitable for a physician practice setting.

Methods:
We developed an isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) for the
specific amplification of the HLA-B*57:01 allele using allele-specific primers coupled to Biotin.
Primers specific for human lactase gene, coupled to Digoxigenin, were used as an internal
amplification control (IAC). Lateral flow dipstick provided rapid and accurate detection of
HLA-B*57:01 allele and IAC via the respective antibodies sprayed on the strips surface.

Results:
The reference method identified the HLA-B*57:01 allele in the reference sample,
in 2 out of 28 buccal swab samples and in 2 out of 13 blood samples. The initial isothermal
RPA resulted in unspecific amplification of the HLA-B*57:01 allele. By further optimization
steps the specific amplification of the allele and the detection on lateral flow dipstick
was observed. The newly developed isothermal RPA was validated.

Conclusion:
The method developed fulfils the requirements for a genetically based PoC
screening system for the HLA-B*57:01 variant, requiring a minimal investment for a heating
block and a pipette.