bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial and socioeconomic inequalities in the access to safe drinking water in Peruvian households
Authors: Al-kassab-Córdova Ali , Silva-Perez Claudia , Robles-Valcarcel Pamela , Bendezu-Quispe Guido , Ortiz Amado Insfrán , Benites-Zapata Vicente A. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Access to safe drinking water has increased in Peru over the last decades, from 47% (2008) to 52% (2018). Nevertheless, such access would differ according to socioeconomic and regional factors. Thus, this study aimed to assess the socioeconomic inequality in the access to safe drinking water and identify its spatial distribution. We conducted a cross-sectional study based on the secondary data analysis of the 2021 Peruvian Demographic and Health Survey. Access to safe drinking water was a dummy variable categorised as safe if the residual chlorine concentration was ≥0.5 mg/L. Nationwide, 29.22% of households had access to safe drinking water. A pro-rich inequality in access to safe drinking water was observed. The spatial distribution was clustered. Significant hotspots were found in the south and centre of the country; however, cold spots were found in most areas. SaTScan analysis identified 32 and 63 significant clusters at high and low risks of having access to safe drinking water, respectively. In conclusion, approximately one out of four Peruvian households has access to safe drinking water, which was mostly concentrated among the wealthier households. Intra- and interdepartmental inequalities in access to safe drinking water were found, with several high-risk clusters.
The degradation of spring water resources in Nepal: some policy gaps
Authors: Chauhan Raju , Shrestha Archana , Oh Sang Eun , Gurung Anup 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this study, first, we conducted a case study to understand the spring status in a semi-urban area, then synthesized the knowledge acquired so far, of nationwide springs status to highlight the current state and future policy and action implications of spring conservation in Nepal. We found that in 72% of the springs of semi-urban areas, the discharge rate has been decreasing over the past decade. In addition, the springs of such areas were exposed to higher contamination of biological pollutants compared with the rural areas. Synthesis of spring research in Nepal shows that springs of Nepal are degrading at an alarming rate where 16% had already dried up and about 60% have declining discharge, mainly due to declining rainfall, haphazard infrastructure development, and excessive spring resource exploitation. In response to the degrading springs and water crisis, several initiatives have been made, yet they are scattered, focused on limited springs, and not adequate to curb the current rate of spring degradation. We argue that the existing policies that are intended to operate in a top-down approach at the basin and watershed level are not effective in addressing local water issues at the springshed level.
Gamifying Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Techniques on Smartphones for Bangkok’s Millennials With Depressive Symptoms: Interdisciplinary Game Development
Authors: Sriwatanathamma Poe , Sirivesmas Veerawat , Simatrang Sone , Bhowmik Nobonita Himani 
Published: April 2023

Background
There is serious concern over the annual increase in depressive symptoms among millennials in Bangkok, Thailand. Their daily routine revolves around the use of their smartphones for work and leisure. Although accessibility to mental health care is expanding, it cannot keep up with the demand for mental health treatment. Outside Thailand, multiple projects and studies have attempted to merge gamification mechanisms and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to create mobile health intervention apps and serious games with positive feedback. This presents an opportunity to explore the same approach in Thailand.

Objective
This study investigated the development process of gamifying CBT techniques to support game mechanics in a visual narrative serious game, BlueLine. The primary target of this research is Bangkok’s millennials. In the game, players play as Blue, a Bangkok millennial who struggles to live through societal norms that influence his digital life and relationships. Through in-game scenarios, players will learn and understand how to lessen the impact of depressive symptoms via gamified interactions on their smartphones.

Methods
First, this paper follows each development step of solidifying BlueLine’s game structure by integrating the Activating Events, Beliefs, Consequences, Disputation of Beliefs and Effective New Approaches (ABCDE) model and narrative in games. Second, the approach to select CBT and related therapeutic elements for gamification is based on suitability to the game structure. Throughout the process, CBT experts in Thailand have reviewed these scenarios. The approach forms the base of the player’s interactions throughout the scenarios in BlueLine, broken down into 4 types of gamified mechanisms: narrative, verbal interactions, physical interactions, and social media interactions.

Results
With the game structure based on the ABCDE model, BlueLine scenarios implement gamified mechanisms in conjunction with the following CBT and related therapeutic elements: behavioral activation, self-monitoring, interpersonal skills, positive psychology, relaxation and mindful activities, and problem-solving. In each scenario, players guide Blue to overcome his triggered dysfunctional beliefs. During this process, players can learn and understand how to lessen the impact of depressive symptoms through gamified interactions.

Conclusions
This paper presents the development process of gamifying CBT and related therapeutic techniques in BlueLine game scenarios. A scenario can harbor multiple techniques, including behavioral activation, self-monitoring, interpersonal skills, positive psychology, relaxation and mindful activities, and problem-solving. BlueLine’s game structure does not limit the fact that the same combination of CBT elements ties each gamified mechanism.
A review on ethno-medicinal plants used in west Kalimantan
Authors: Iskandar Dodi , Widodo Nashi , Warsito Warsito , Masruri Masruri , Rollando Rollando 
Published: April 2023

The purpose of the current study is to review ethno-medicinal plant used by natives in West Kalimantan Province in last five years. The methods used is gathering earlier publications in journals completed with pharmacological evidence of local medicinal plants. The present review result reported that 346 specieses belonging to 95 families have been utilized in West Kalimantan Province. Zingiberceae has the top number of plant of families (25) followed by Rubiaceae (17), Fabaceae (16), Asteraceae (14), Euphorbiaceae (13), Poaceae (13), Verbenaceae (13), Liliaceae (10), other families (<10).Â The tabulated plant species in this study are frequently used as herbal medicine for the treatment of miscellaneous deseases and the medication safety of local people. Parts of plant used as herbal medicine are leaves (46.1%) followed roots (15.7%), fruits (9.5%), rhizomes (6.7%), all parts (5.9%), stems (5.4%), seeds (2.3%), saps (1.3%), pericarps (1.0%), flowers (0.8%), shoots (0.8%), stalks (0.8%), tubers (0.8%), and twigs (0.3%). The majorities of used methods for traditional medicine are decoction and infusion. The information of this current review includes local names, species, families, used parts, and medical uses. All the medicinal plants reported in this study have been used by West Kalimantan people for the treatment of various deseases
Nanoemulsion from Piper aduncum, Cymbopogon nardus, and Bacillus thuringiensis to Control Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. allii
Authors: Phuong Ly Lan , Candra Lina Eka , Yanti Yulmira 
Published: April 2023

The bacterial species Xanthomonas axonopodis pv allii (Xaa) is an important pathogen causing leaf blight in shallots. The use of botanical pesticides with nanoemulsion formulations has become a common alternative. This study aims to determine the characteristics and optimum concentration of the mixture of essential oil of Piper aduncum and fragrant Cymbopogon nardus waste. Nanoemulsion formulations are made using spontaneous emulsification methods. Besides, testing Bacillus thuringiensis strain MRSNR3.1 and its secondary metabolites toxicity against Xaa was carried out by the diffusion method using paper discs to determine the diameter of the inhibition zone. The results demonstrate that all four concentrations, 1%, 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5%, could control Xaa bacteria. A concentration of 1% is considered more optimal than the other threeÂ Â concentrations in bactericidal effects against Xaa, as manifested in the formed clear zone (diameter of 3.17 cm). Besides, Bacillus thuringiensis strain MRSNR3.1 and its secondary metabolites were also effective againstXaa after four days of incubation with inhibition zones of 3.04 Â± 0.44and 2.21 Â± 0.28, respectively. Hence, it is concluded that nanoemulsion at 1% concentration and Bacillus thuringiensis strain MRSNR3.1 haveÂ bactericidal properties that can be used to control Xaa
Sistem Pendeteksi Keaslian dan Nominal Uang untuk Penyandang Tunanetra Menggunakan Sensor UV GYML 8511 dan TCS3200
Authors: Bahri Anindy , Harmadi Harmadi 
Published: April 2023

Telah dihasilkan alat pendeteksi keaslian dan nominal uang untuk penyandang tunanetra menggunakan sensor ultraviolet GYML 8511 dan TCS3200. Tunanetra memerlukan alat bantu pendeteksi keaslian dan nominal uang dalam mengidentifikasi uang. Alat ini menggunakan sensor ultraviolet GYML 8511 untuk mendeteksi keaslian uang, LED ultraviolet sebagai sumber cahaya, relay 5V untuk pengontrol LED ultraviolet, sensor warna TCS3200 untuk mendeteksi nominal uang, DFplayer mini dan speaker untuk keluaran suara.Â Objek uang diletakkan di dalam kotak akrilik dengan ukuran 18 cm x 10 cm x 13 cm. Sensor ultraviolet GYML 8511 mendeteksi tegangan keluaran dari objek uang yang disinari oleh LED ultraviolet. Sensor warna TCS3200 mendeteksi nilai RGB dari objek uang yang kemudian diproses dalam mikrokontroler Arduino Uno. Hasil yang diperoleh pada pengujian keaslian uang dengan nominal Rp 10.000,00 dan Rp 50.000,00 berupa nilai tegangan keluaran bernilai 0,99 volt uang asli dan 1,01 volt untuk uang palsu. Nilai RGB yang dideteksi oleh sensor warna TCS3200 ditampilkan berupa informasi suara nominal uang oleh speaker. Persentase keberhasilan pengujian nominal uang paling tinggi pada nominal Rp 2.000,00 sebesar 100% dan paling rendah pada nominal Rp 50.000,00 sebesar 85%.
Analisis Kontur Isodosis Radiasi pada Pesawat Sinar-X di Instalasi Radiologi Rumah Sakit Universitas Andalas
Authors: Putra Muhammad Ivana Harika , Adrial Rico , S Amel Oktavia 
Published: April 2023

Telah dilakukan analisis kontur isodosis radiasi dari pesawat sinar-X di instalasi radiologi Rumah Sakit Universitas Andalas menggunakanÂ software surfer. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran sebaran laju dosis radiasi pada jarak dan ketinggian yang berbeda agar pekerja radiasi dapat mengetahui titik aman bagi pekerja. Pengukuran radiasi dilakukan menggunakan surveymeter fluke pada 9 titik pengukuran dengan 3 variasi ketinggian yang berbeda. Pengambilan data dimulai dengan mengukur radiasi latar kemudian laju dosis radiasi sesaat dan 20 s setelah pesawat sinar-X dipaparkan. Pengolahan data dimulai dengan menghitung laju dosis radiasi sebenarnya yang selanjutnya dibuat dalam kontur isodosis radiasi menggunakan software surfer dengan cara menginterpolasi data yang tidak beraturan menjadi bentuk grid data teratur yang dipisahkan garis-garis dengan rentang nilai yang sama. Hasil perhitungan menunjukan laju dosis radiasi tertinggi saat pesawat sinar-X dipaparkan 0,9 mSv/jam dan turun menjadi 0,002 mSv/jam setelah 20 s dipaparkan. Perubahan nilai paparan yang terlihat pada kontur menunjukkan terjadinya perubahan kontur dimana sebaran laju dosis radiasi tertinggi berada pada ketinggian 1,5 m saat pesawat sinar-X dipaparkan dan pada ketinggian 1,0 m setelah pesawat sinar-X dipaparkan selama 20 s.
The Effects Of Differing Density Of Swim-Training Sessions On Shoulder Range Of Motion and Isometric Force Production In National and University Level Swimmers
Authors: Yoma Matias , Herrington Lee , Mackenzie Tanya 
Published: April 2023

Background Well-developed physical qualities (i.e., greater load capacity) in athletes can provide protection against injuries. Although higher competitive level swimmers have more developed physical qualities, no studies have investigated how physical qualities of the shoulder respond to a swim-training session in different competitive levels. Purpose To compare baseline shoulder external rotation range of motion (ER ROM) and isometric peak torque of the shoulder internal rotators (IR) and external rotators (ER) between national and university level swimmers with differing training volumes. To compare the post-swim changes of these physical qualities between groups. Study design Cross-sectional. Methods Ten male swimmers (age= 18.7 ± 1.2 years) were divided into high-load (N= 5 national-level, weekly swim-volume= 37.0 ± 2.7 km) and low-load groups (N= 5 university-level, weekly swim-volume= 6.8 ± 1.8 km). For each group, shoulder active ER ROM and isometric peak torque of the shoulder IR and ER were measured before and immediately after a high-intensity swim-training session (for each group, the hardest swim-session of the week was analyzed). The results were evaluated by the level of significance (p-value), effect size, and whether changes exceeded the measurement error. Results University-level swimmers had lower baseline ER torque (p= 0.006; d= 2.55) and IR torque (p= 0.011; d= 2.42) than national-level swimmers. For post-swim analysis, ER ROM decreased more in university swimmers (change= -6.3° to -8.4°; d= 0.75-1.05) than national counterparts (change= -1.9° to -5.7°; d= 0.43-0.95). Greater drops in rotation torque were found in university swimmers (IR change= -15% to -21.0%; d= 0.83-1.66; ER change= -9.0% to -17.0%; d= 1.14-1.28) compared to national swimmers (IR change= -10.0% to -13.0%; d= 0.61-0.91; ER change= -3.7% to -9.1%; d= 0.50-0.96). The average change of all tests in university swimmers exceeded the minimal detectable change (MDC), whereas in national level swimmers some tests exceeded the MDC. Despite this, only post-swim ER torque in the dominant side (p= 0.003; d= 1.18) was significantly lower in university swimmers (possibly due to the small sample size). Conclusions University swimmers have less baseline shoulder external and internal rotator torque and had greater drops of all shoulder physical qualities after a swim-training session, which may have implications for injury risk. However, due to the sample size, the results have to be interpreted with caution. Level of evidence 3
The role of power and trust for successful information sharing in the supply chain
Authors: Mardiana Sylvia 
Published: April 2023

<span lang="EN-US">The supply chain is a series of operations consisting of interconnected units both within and outside the company such as suppliers, producers, and distributors, each of which holds information at a different level. These parties need to be coordinated using information sharing as a coordination mechanism. Information sharing enables them to make the right and quick decisions that can improve the performance of the supply chain. Information sharing has received a lot of attention from researchers who analyze it from different perspectives. However, no research shows the relationship between factors that drive information sharing to succeed. This study produces a model of power, trust, and information sharing.</span>
Toward developing a scoring system for dengue fever in children
Authors: Sanikam Hareesh , Bheeman Basavaraj , Ramabhatta Sujatha , Pushpalatha Kariyappa  
Published: April 2023

Background: Dengue is a rapidly increasing global public health problem especially in tropical countries. Dengue is a benign and self-limiting febrile illness in the majority of children but in some children, it can progress to severe dengue (SD) resulting in shock, hemorrhage, and death.
Aims and Objectives: The aims of this study were to develop a scoring system to predict dengue infection severity.
Materials and Methods: This prospective and observational study was conducted on all children admitted with dengue fever at a tertiary teaching institute in India. Daily scoring was done for pulse rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, hematocrit, platelet count (scores 1–3), and systemic complications (0 if absent, 3 if present). Then, highest score recorded during the hospitalization period was taken for statistical analysis.
Results: A total of 194 cases were classified into probable dengue (PD) 134 (69.1%), dengue with warning signs (DWS) 41 (21.1%), and SD 19 (9.8%) as per the WHO 2009 classification. Mean age of presentation was 11.5 years. The most common presenting symptoms were fever (97.9%), vomiting (73.1%) and signs noticed were flushing (63.4%), hepatomegaly (34.5%), and periorbital puffiness (27.3%). Among 134 children with PD, 116 (86.5%) had dengue severity score 5–6, with only 18 (13.5%) had score 7–13, whereas all 60 (100%) children with DWS and SD had score 7–13, none of them had score <7. Hence, a severity score of >7 identified all children with DWS and SD with overestimation in 13.5% children with PD.
Conclusion: Daily dengue severity score of >7 indicates the high probability of DWS and SD. However, this scoring system should be validated by similar studies in different settings before we can apply in routine clinical practice.
Pengaruh Perubahan Waktu Gilir Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Dengan Moderasi Variabel Komitmen Organisasi
Authors: Chindy Claudia Rambu Rauna  , Survival  , Tuti Hastuti  
Published: April 2023

The objective of this study was to determine the Effect of Changes in Shift Work as the Impact of the Covid 19 Pandemic on Employee Performance with Organizational Commitment as a Moderating Variable” (Study on Employees of BBPMPPV BOE Malang). The population in this study were employees of BBPMPPV BOE Malang. The sampling technique in this study uses non probability sampling, and the sampling method in this study is total sampling or census. Respondents in this study were 72. The data was processed through Smart Partial Least Square (PLS) software. The results showed that shift time has an influence on employee performance. Organizational commitment has an influence on employee performance. Organizational commitment plays a role in moderating the relationship between shift time and employee performance.
Acute low-pressure hydrocephalus in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Czorlich Patrick , Schweingruber Nils , Göttsche Jennifer , Mader Marius M. , Westphal Manfred 
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVE
Acute and chronic hydrocephalus are common pathologies after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Generally, the presence of acute hydrocephalus is associated with elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) treated with a ventricular drain. Subsequently, however, pronounced hydrocephalus without elevated ICP may develop in some patients with SAH in the postacute phase. This is described as acute low-pressure hydrocephalus (aLPH), and there are very limited data in the literature of this pathology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the rate of and factors associated with aLPH and describe its clinical course.

METHODS
In this retrospective single-center cohort study, the frequency and clinical characteristics of SAH-associated aLPH were investigated. Acute LPH was defined as an increase in ventricular size as measured by the Evans index, ICP within the normal range (< 5 mm Hg) at the time of ventricular enlargement, and timely neurological improvement after indwelling ventricular CSF drainage with negative pressure up to 5 cm H2O below normal level. Demographic and SAH-specific factors in patients with SAH treated using an external ventricular drain were extracted from the electronic medical chart and further analyzed.

RESULTS
From November 2010 to May 2020, 15 (3.7.%) of 406 patients with SAH fulfilled the criteria for aLPH. Acute LPH was diagnosed after an average of 13.1 ± 7.7 days. The presence of IVH and its extension were associated with the occurrence of aLPH. After undergoing the transient phase of aLPH, these patients subsequently developed a chronic, typical malresorptive hydrocephalus requiring a ventriculoperitoneal shunt more often (66.7% vs 17.4%, p < 0.001) and stayed longer in the intensive care unit (27 vs 20.5 days, p = 0.043) and in the hospital (36.4 vs 26.3 days, p = 0.004).

CONCLUSIONS
Acute LPH is a rare pathology in patients with SAH and negatively impacts the clinical course. It should be especially considered in patients with a lack of neurological improvement, an increase in ventricular width, and normal ICP values, so that forced CSF drainage is implemented.
Objective assessment of patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus following ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement using activity-monitoring data: pilot study
Authors: Jusue-Torres Ignacio , Brown Desmond A. , Pennington Zach , Cogswell Petrice M. , Ali Farwa , Graff-Radford Neill , Jones David T. , Cutsforth-Gregory Jeremy K. , Graff-Radford Jonathan , Kaufman Kenton R. , Elder Benjamin D. 
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVE
Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) results in significant morbidity in the elderly with symptoms of dementia, gait instability, and urinary incontinence. In well-selected patients, ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) placement often results in clinical improvement. Most postshunt assessments of patients rely on subjective scales. The goal of this study was to assess the utility of remote activity monitoring to provide objective evidence of gait improvement following VPS placement for iNPH.

METHODS
Patients with iNPH were prospectively enrolled and fitted with 5 activity monitors (on the hip and bilateral thighs and ankles) that they wore for 4 days preoperatively within 30 days of surgery and for 4 days within 30 days postoperatively. Monitors collected continuous data for number of steps, cadence, body position (upright, prone, supine, and lateral decubitus), gait entropy, and the proportion of each day spent active or static. Data were retrieved from the devices and a comparison of pre- and postoperative movement assessment was performed. The gait data were also correlated with formal clinical gait assessments before and after lumbar puncture and with motion analysis laboratory testing at baseline and 1 month and 1 year after VPS placement.

RESULTS
Twenty patients fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria (median age 76 years). The baseline median number of daily steps was 1929, the median percentage of the day spent inactive was 70%, the median percentage of the day with a static posture was 95%, the median gait velocity was 0.49 m/sec, and the median number of steps required to turn was 8. There was objective improvement in median entropy from pre- to postoperatively, increasing from 0.6 to 0.8 (p = 0.002). There were no statistically significant differences for any of the remaining variables measured by the activity monitors when comparing the preoperative to the 1-month postoperative time point. All variables from motion analysis testing showed statistically significant differences or a trend toward significance at 1 year after VPS placement. Among the significantly correlated variables at baseline, cadence was inversely correlated with percentage of gait cycle spent in the support phase (contact with ground vs swing phase).

CONCLUSIONS
This pilot study suggests that activity monitoring provides an early objective measure of improvement in gait entropy after VPS placement among patients with iNPH, although a more significant improvement was noted on the detailed clinical gait assessments. Further long-term studies are needed to determine the utility of remote monitoring for assessing gait improvement following VPS placement.