bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Public perception of common cancer misconceptions: A nationwide cross-sectional survey and analysis of over 3500 participants in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Marouf Azmi , Tayeb Rama , Alshehri Ghady D. , Fatani Hana Z. , Nassif Mohammed O. , Farsi Ali H. , Akeel Nouf Y. , Saleem Abdulaziz M. , Samkari Ali A. , Trabulsi Nora H. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose/Background:
Patients and healthcare providers use online health information and social media (SM) platforms to seek medical information. As the incidence of cancer rises, the popularity of SM platforms has yielded widespread dissemination of incorrect or misleading information about it. In this study, we aimed to assess public knowledge about incorrect cancer information and how they perceive such information in Saudi Arabia.

Methods:
A nationwide survey was distributed in Saudi Arabia. The survey included questions on demographics, SM platform usage, and common misleading and incorrect cancer information.

Results:
The sample (N = 3509, mean age 28.7 years) consisted of 70% females and 92.6% Saudi nationals. Most participants had no chronic illness. One-third were college graduates and less than one-quarter were unemployed.

Conclusions:
Differences in level of knowledge about cancer emerged in association with different demographic factors. Public trust in health information on SM also led to being misinformed about cancer, independent from educational level and other factors. Efforts should be made to rapidly correct this misinformation.
Menstrual practices, fertility intentions and decision-making regarding family planning by women belonging to various indigenous groups of Wayanad- A qualitative study
Authors: Sreedevi Aswathy , George Leyanna S. , Varughese Steffi A. , Najeeb Shana S. , Aravindan Lakshmi , Anvar Rithima , Georgy Sneha , Menon Vishnu B. , Sathish Syama , Nedungadi Prema 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Among the different social groups in India, the tribes are the most vulnerable and socioeconomically deprived. The tribal population is distinct from the general population in terms of their unique cultural, traditional, and reproductive health practices. Therefore, the aim of the study was to conduct an exploratory analysis of the menstrual practices, fertility intentions and decision-making regarding family planning among various indigenous tribal women of Kerala.

Methods:
A qualitative study was conducted among the tribal women of Wayanad district using the grounded theory approach. Using purposive sampling 16 in-depth interviews, 6 key informant interviews and 2 focus group discussion (FGD) s were conducted. Interview guides were developed for in-depth interviews, key-informant interviews, and focus group discussion through extensive formative research with literature reviews and taking expert opinions. The interviews were conducted among women of reproductive age and their spouses hailing from Paniya and Kurichiya tribal groups in Kalpetta and Mananthavady areas of Wayanad district. Key informant interviews were also conducted among doctors, pharmacists, and community health workers.

Results:
The key findings of this study were the identification of a web of cultural practices pertaining to menstruation among persons of tribal origin. Unique traditional practices such as “Valayamapura” and “Thirandukalyanam” were reported and most of the women were keen to carry it forward. Fertility desires among couples were found to be not significantly influenced by any gender bias. Decision-making regarding family size were found to be on a mutual agreement between the spouses. The tribal women were aware of modern spacing methods, but preferred natural methods of contraception for temporary use and tubectomy as the permanent method. Non-contraceptive use of oral contraceptive pills (OCP) was prevalent, and the majority took it occasionally for postponement of menstruation to attend various social events.

Conclusion:
Menstruation-related myths and practices are prevalent and require educational interventions. More focus needs to be given to male sterilization as the permanent method of contraception. The study underscores the need to address gender inequalities and attitudes among tribal populations and to increase efforts to promote higher education among the tribes for busting cultural myths and practices.
Estimate a patient’s 10 years cardiovascular risk using the Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease tool in a cross-sectional study in Al-Harja, Asser, Saudi Arabia, 2021
Authors: Saeed Abdulrhamn Bin , Abaalkhail Bahaa A. , Ismail Ibrahim , Saeed Abdullah , Al-Khammash Saad 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Recently, the cases of arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) have been increasing in the rural areas of southwest Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this study sought to consider the relevant contributing factors, such as traditional dietary habits and a diet rich in cholesterol and fat, few opportunities for disease screening, false beliefs about chronic disease management medications, delays in diagnosis, and the great distances required for travel to cardiac specialist centers.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted at 12 primary health care (PHC) centers, using the ASCVD tool. The total required sample was determined to be 440 participants after calculating based on the total population of Al-Harja. Systematic random sampling was performed using a list of PHC centers and fixed intervals. The study’s outcome is ASCVD risk score divided into four categories: low risk <5%, borderline risk 5%–7.5%, intermediate risk >7.5%–20%, and high risk >20%. Data were collected through interview questionnaires, measurements, and laboratory sample investigations.

Result:
It was revealed that 16.59% of the participants were classified in the high-risk category for having ASCVD in the next 10 years. There was a significant association between the ASCVD risk score and obesity (P = 0.03). Prior diagnoses for either hypertension or diabetes mellitus (P = 0.00) were significantly associated with an increased ASCVD risk score.

Conclusion:
An alarmingly high prevalence of high-risk ASCVD scores was seen among male participants, with 54 (22.78%) in the high-risk category, while 19 female participants (9.36%) were in the same category. Therefore, we can conclude that male participants are two times as likely to have a high ASCVD risk than female participants.
Risk factors for osteoporosis among postmenopausal women in a Nigerian teaching hospital
Authors: Ibrahim Adekunle Ismail , Sodipo Oluwajimi Olanrewaju , Oduniyi Oludaisi A. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Osteoporosis is a progressive bone disease characterized by a reduction in bone mass and density, leading to bone fragility and an increased risk of sustaining fractures. Several studies have shown that the risk for osteoporosis increases with age and after menopause.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was undertaken of 422 postmenopausal women at the Family Medicine Clinic of the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH). Variables such as socio-demographic characteristics, anthropometric indices, and lifestyle habits of participants were assessed. In addition, bone mineral density was measured using a validated portable dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanner. The results of the bone mineral density were analyzed based on T-scores.

Results:
The mean age of the study subjects was 59.8± ±6.4 years, while the mean age at menopause was 50.15 ± 4.1 years. The majority of the subjects were obese (41.5%), while the prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia was 15.1% and 30.6%, respectively. The use of oral steroids was associated with osteoporosis (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
We recommend regular bone mineral density screening of postmenopausal women at the primary care level for early diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis to prevent fragility fractures.
Profile and predictors of babies admitted to SNCUs of two tribal districts of Chhattisgarh
Authors: Vaishnav Kritika , Galhotra Abhiruchi , Jindal Atul , Parhad Priyanka 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
The neonatal period is the crucial and vulnerable period of the human life cycle. Various research has been conducted worldwide that provide the baseline data on clinical profiles and predictors of outcomes of babies admitted to sick newborn care units (SNCUs). Nonetheless, studies on tribal areas and community outreach areas are rare. In the present study, predictors and profiles of patients admitted to SNCU, in the Dantewada and Bijapur districts of Chhattisgarh, India, were evaluated which shall help prioritize patient care and preventive approaches.

Methods:
This retrospective study was undertaken from January 2019 to December 2020 in the SNCUs of Dantewada and Bijapur. Neonatal and maternal characteristics, course during labor, treatment given to the neonates, and outcome data were obtained and analysed.

Results:
In total, 1,531 neonates were enrolled in the study. Mothers had a mean age of 25.6 years (standard deviation [SD] ±4.9) with birth spacing less than 2 years (60.3%) and antenatal care (ANC) visits less than 4 (50.4%). Neonates were low birth weight (43.75%) and were home-delivered (15.8%). One hundred forty-nine neonates died. In the multivariate regression model, extremely low birth weight babies, less than 1 kg (odds ratio [OR]: 11.59 confidence interval [CI] 4.625–31.58), gestational age less than 34 weeks (OR: 2.13 CI 1.291–3.532), central cyanosis (OR: 10.40 CI: 3.269–32.35), duration of IV fluid > 3 days (OR: 2.16 CI 0.793–0.880), duration of antibiotic >3 days (OR 0.63 CI 0.408–0.979) were found to be independent predictors of mortality among neonates.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of newborns aged less than 12 h is higher among the study population. Birth asphyxia, prematurity, neonatal jaundice, and sepsis were fundamental and leading causes of morbidity. Preterm birth and low birth weight babies had significantly high mortality. The government needs to focus on marginalized communities with target-based interventions and policies.
Awareness of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among the general population in Aseer Region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)
Authors: Al Bshabshe Ali , Al Shuqayfah Nawaf , Alahmari Fahad , Alhomrany Abdulmalik , Noreldin Nashwa M. , Mousa Wesam F. , Algarni Abdullah 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common but preventable disease and has a prevalence of 5%–14% in the general population. It is characterized by airflow limitation and persistent respiratory symptoms. In this survey, we aimed to assess the awareness of COPD among the general population in the Aseer Region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).

Method:
This was an observational, cross-sectional study in which predesigned electronic questionnaires were distributed to 504 randomly selected community personnel utilizing phone services. The collected data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics software, version 24 for Windows (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY).

Results:
Participants were asked 11 questions with yes-or-no answers based on awareness and symptoms of COPD: 35.5% of participants had heard about the COPD as a term and 72% had no detailed information about COPD. Only 3.5% of participants had relatives with COPD. During the survey on COPD symptoms, 31% of participants chose shortness of breath and the rest chose cough (20%), sputum production (15%), wheezing (14%), and chest pain (19%). Almost two-third of the participants had no idea about COPD symptoms. For the most disease knowledge, majority of the study participants had very poor knowledge about the disease that was evident in the 22 questions intended to assess this domain. Social media sites ranked as the most popular source of information on COPD among the study participants.

Conclusion:
Awareness about COPD among the general population in the Aseer Region in KSA is poor. It is advisable to carry out programs to increase their level of awareness.
Medical officers as the key stakeholders in district level hospitals in Kenya
Authors: Hinson Chandler Sasser , Wanyoro Anthony , Oburu Amos , Solomkin Joseph 
Published: July 2023

Background:
A core component of the World Health Organization (WHO) infection prevention and control (IPC) recommends that staffing levels be adequate for the patient workload. The lack of health-care workers in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), particularly in sub-Saharan Africa is well documented; one way to alleviate the burden of surgical infections without a large commitment of resources is to better train and educate existing facility staff. The study aimed to understand the current allocation of the surgical workload in district level hospitals in Kenya to create targeted task-shifting and education programs.

Methods:
We developed a cross-sectional survey on IPC practices, adapted from the WHO Guideline on Core Components for IPC and the WHO Emergency and Essential Surgical Care Situational Analysis Tool, for use in district level facilities in LMICs. The survey components included IPC guidelines, surveillance, workload and environment, hospital characteristics, clinical workforce, obstetrical outcomes, and perioperative care practices. In a pilot feasibility trial of the survey tool, data were collected from 27 district level hospitals in Kenya from March to May 2019. These facilities were selected in part based on their capacity to provide comprehensive maternal and obstetric care, including cesarean operations, as cesareans make up the majority of surgeries in the regions and are associated with high surgical site infection rates.

Results:
The facilities included in the survey pilot serve an estimated population of 3,615,166. The average number of annual admissions was 7801 (Range: 1190–25,783). Thirteen of the 27 total facilities (48.1%) had no certified surgeons, six facilities had one certified surgeon (22.2%), and eight facilities employed two or more certified surgeons. In contrast, almost all facilities (n = 25; range: 2–15) employed medical officers who performed cesarean operations. The number of nurses in surgical and obstetricians and gynecologists wards ranged from 4 to 101, with an average of 27 years.

Conclusion:
Dedicating specialized training and education to medical officers and engaging them as key stakeholders is the key to creating practical and sustainable change when it comes to safe surgical provision of surgical and obstetric care within Kenya.
atenção primária à saúde no Brasil: um processo tortuoso e inacabado
Authors: Faial Soneghet Lucas 
Published: July 2023

Resenha do Livro:
PAIVA; Carlos Henrique Assunção; PIRES-ALVES, Fernando. Atenção Primária à Saúde: uma história brasileira. São Paulo: Hucitec Editora, 2021.
An Archaeometallurgical Study of Medieval Knives from Kinet Höyük, Turkey
Authors: Güder Ümit , Redford Scott 
Published: July 2023

This paper examines the knives of the medieval period (13th -14th century AD) from Kinet Höyük in Cilicia, one of the most important areas of Anatolia for the history of iron production. The materials and production processes of 12 knives were revealed using archaeometry methods, such as Optical Microscopy (OM), Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometer (SEM-EDS) analyses, and micro-hardness tests. An examination of the relationship between the shape and size of these knives was undertaken, along with a discussion of the factors involved in the manufacturing techniques. Among the medieval knives from Kinet Höyük that were analyzed, the results of the study indicate that besides blades made entirely of steel or wrought iron there are examples of forge-welding steel to wrought iron in a variety of ways. The largest group of knives is composed of small blades made only of steel. A particular example of this group is a blade made of crucible steel, which was skillfully forged and heat-treated. The medieval blades from Kinet Höyük exhibit a direct relationship between their shapes and their dimensional proportions. A specific production method, however, seems not to have been chosen in accordance with a given shape. The dimensions of the knives were more significant, particularly when only steel or only wrought iron was used. Based on the historical iron-producing activities in the region and the traces of intense blacksmithing practices found in the medieval layers of Kinet Höyük, it is argued that these knives are remnants of a skilled metal production culture.
TREATMENT OF HERPES ASSOCIATED ERYTHEMA MULTIFORME (HAEM)
Authors: Ganesha Raziv , Kartika Sari Rina 
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Herpes Associated Erythema Multiforme (HAEM) is Erythema multiforme (EM) caused herpes virus infection. EM a caused by an acute hypersensitivity reaction that occurs in the mucocutaneous area. HAEM is hypersensitivity reaction that occurs due to a hypersensitivity reaction to the herpes virus. Case: 17 year old male complaints of itching and dry on his lips since 5 days ago. patient said that ± 7 days ago he had a fever which lasted for 2 days then after the fever went down his lips felt itchy and dry. On clinical examination, desquamation with yellowish brown crusts was found on the vermilion of the upper and lower lips. Case Treatment: patient is given Aloclair® Gel and Becomzet®. Patient is referred for a complete blood count, Total IgE and IgM and IgG HSV-1 antibody testing. The patient was then given hydrocortisone cream 2.5% used 3 times a day. The patient recovered 10 days after the first visit. Discussion: HAEM is triggered by an immunological response in which an immune complex reaction occurs as a result of an immune response to certain antigens such as the herpes simplex virus or certain types of drugs. In cases of HAEM the herpes virus that triggers it is usually HSV-1 & HSV-2. Diagnosis is confirmed by Total IgE and HSV-1 Antibody Tests. Conclucion: Management of cases of HAEM can be successfully determined by establishing the correct diagnosis which requires investigations so that we can rule out the differential diagnosis and provide appropriate treatment
Cluster analysis of section properties with the aim of searching areas for drilling exploration geothermal wells
Authors: Spichak Viacheslav V. , Nenyukova Alena I. 
Published: July 2023

Basing on the results of magnetotelluric sounding, carried out earlier in the geothermal area under examination and developed 2D-models of electrical resistivity, porosity, permeability, temperature, thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity, an integrated cluster analysis of sections of enumerated parameters is fulfilled .
Combined cluster analysis enabled to detect two subsurface areas promising for drilling exploratory boreholes. One of them coincides with already developed geothermal reservoir, while another one is located at depths 2-3km in another part of the section and may be of great interest for future exploration.
Práticas de comensalidade no âmbito familiar de crianças de 2 a 9 anos de idade durante a pandemia do Covid-19
Authors: Dall‘Agnol Brandão Mariana , Sant Anna de Menezes Carolina , Theisen Sacramento Julia , Broilo Mônica Cristina , Botelho Vinholes Daniele , Viegas Raimundo Fabiana 
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: avaliar práticas de comensalidade no âmbito familiar e possíveis mudanças na rotina alimentar, de crianças entre 2 e 9 anos de idade durante a pandemia do COVID-19. Métodos: estudo transversal realizado com pais e/ou responsáveis de crianças entre 2 e 9 anos, por meio de questionário online, entre novembro e dezembro de 2020. Foram avaliadas as práticas de comensalidade conforme o recomendado no Guia Alimentar Para a População Brasileira. Resultados: dentre as 517 famílias participantes, no que se refere às práticas de comensalidade, foi observada a realização das refeições com regularidade: café da manhã (79,1%), almoço (98,6%), lanche da tarde (88,6%) e jantar (91,5%). A maior parte das crianças possuía horários definidos para realizar as refeições (82,6%), porém mais da metade consumia alimentos entre as refeições (53%). As refeições principais, tais como almoço (83,0%) e jantar (80,1%), eram realizadas em companhia da família, sentados à mesa (83,4%) e compartilhando os mesmos alimentos (89,9%). Com relação as mudanças alimentares provocadas pela pandemia, 50,5% das famílias relataram não ter ocorrido mudança, porém, entre as famílias que relataram, 52,3% considera que foi para melhor. Ainda, a frequência das preparações caseiras aumentou em 65,8% das famílias, sendo o almoço (82,6%) e o jantar (78,1%) preparado entre 5-7 vezes por semana. Conclusão: as práticas de comensalidade estavam presentes no dia a dia da maioria das famílias, sendo pouco expressiva apenas a atenção ao alimento. No que tange a rotina alimentar, o distanciamento social provocado pela pandemia do COVID-19 parece ter gerado um impacto positivo.

Palavras-chave: Guias alimentares. Criança. COVID-19. Família. Refeições.
Aplicabilidade do método Kanban em tanques de refrigeração de leite
Authors: Paiva Isabelle Maria Magalhães , Guimarães Denílson Lopes Ferreira , Santos José Hermeson Severo dos , Andrade Horasa Maria Lima da Silva , Andrade Luciano Pires de 
Published: July 2023

Tendo em vista que o leite é um alimento que possui uma alta facilidade para o desenvolvimento de microrganismos deteriorantes e que se multiplicam rapidamente, deixando essa matéria prima impossibilitada de ser usado nos processos produtivos, este trabalho objetiva investigar a aplicabilidade do método Kanban nos processos de refrigeração do leite cru. Com isso, foi realizada uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura a partir da busca de artigos científicos, publicados entre os anos de 1970 e 2021, nas bases de dados da SciELO, Scopus e Web of Science. Após um processo de triagem, foram selecionados nove estudos que objetivaram responder a seguinte pergunta questão: O método Kanban é capaz de auxiliar na garantia da qualidade do leite? Verificou-se que esse método tem diversas aplicações na indústria, visto que diminui o tempo de processos tornando o trabalho objetivo, entretanto, no processo de ordenha a refrigeração do leite não se encontrou nenhum ensaio relatado. Porém, a partir das experiências em outros campos da indústria, alinhado a identificação de quais são os principais percussores da contaminação do leite, pode-se aplicar o método a fim de minimizar esse gargalo. Por fim, conclui-se que o intuito de usar o método Kanban nas atividades de ordenha e armazenamento do leite cru está em tornar mais ágil e eficiente os processos de manejo e movimentação do leite, pois isso já foi vivenciado em outros campos da indústria e, também, pode ajudar os produtores de leite.
Expediente do Volume 8 numero 3, Julho a Setembro de 2023
Authors: Silva José Crisólogo de Sales 
Published: July 2023

Neste expediente deixa público e aberto os Editores e Revisores, assim como demais profissionais que trabalharam para tornar público os artigos em Ciência Aberta as últimas pesquisas publicadas e divulgadas pelo periódico Diversitas Journal, Universidade Estadual de Alagoas, Uneal, julho a setembro de 2023.
Inaugura também o formato em publicações contínuas, sendo as páginas sequenciais do volume iniciado em Janeito de 2023.