bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Good News? Common Goods? Multicultural Evangelicalism? Ethical Democracy?
Authors: Markofski Wes 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The title of this book contains a number of deceptively familiar terms whose precise meanings, in isolation and relation to one another, map the contours of its content and argument. “Good news,” “common goods,” “multicultural evangelicalism,” and “ethical democracy” all have particular meanings that speak to important concepts and prior work—on democracy, multiculturalism, evangelicalism, and the common good—and to the different ways this book aims to challenge and build on relevant debates and research in sociology, theology and religion, social and political philosophy, and democratic theory. I discuss these and other key concepts (social reflexivity and reflexive evangelicalism among them) and their particular usage in this book.
The Ruble
Authors: Pravilova Ekaterina 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The Ruble is a political history of Russian money from Catherine the Great to Vladimir Lenin. It traces the evolution of the Russian state and society through the analysis of monetary reforms. The Ruble argues that currency constituted an important element of Russian political organization—first, autocratic, and then socialist—while monetary reforms were considered the means of enabling or preventing political transformations. The Ruble shows how politics affected finance and explains why Russia’s financial system remained unstable for many decades. The Russian imperial government considered certain financial models, such as independence of the bank of issue, to be incompatible with the principles of autocratic monarchy. The ruble was seen as a projection of monarchal power and a tool of imperial expansion. The Russian government used issuance of money to finance imperial wars and prioritized geopolitical successes over economic development at home. Russia was the last European empire to join the gold standard system, and the gold ruble differed from other gold-based currencies of the world. The Ruble analyzes the phenomena of the “autocratic” and “Soviet” gold standards and argues that the gold-based ruble differed from other currencies of the gold-standard system. Despite the preponderance of the conservative trend in monetary policy, Russian economists, liberal politicians, and intellectuals argued for a radical reform of Russian money and wanted to liberate the ruble from the control of the state. From Catherine the Great’s reform until the 1920s, the ruble remained an object of many political programs, utopian projects, and economic ideologies.
Introduction
Authors: Pravilova Ekaterina 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The history of money is the history of state, society, and their interactions. Debates about money in Russia have always been extremely politicized because of the limited sphere of political debate. People communicated their political grievances and expressed their visions of social justice and economic prosperity in the language of money. Every financial institution had political meaning. The independence of the banks of issue stood for the introduction of representative legislative institutions, while the convertibility of currency was equivalent to political participation and the right to vote. The politics of monetary reforms in Russia reveals the role of economic and financial ideas in the formation of two political ideologies—liberalism and conservatism. Discussing the fate of national currency involved the representatives of various social classes and groups—peasants, merchants, and nobility.
Assignats
Authors: Pravilova Ekaterina 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
By introducing assignats in 1769, Catherine II inadvertently subjected the Russian monarchy to scrutiny. Russian intellectuals and Catherine’s courtiers were plunged into a debate about the nature of money and the possibility of reconciling the political ideas of the Enlightenment with the financial exigencies of imperial expansion and growth. Trying to figure out how to frame these relationships in political terms and how to boost Russia’s political credibility as a rule-of-law monarchy without affecting its financial means, Russian thinkers advanced a notion that was novel and radical even for pre-revolutionary Europe: they designated the empress’s subjects as the owners of the bullion reserve that backed up the value of paper money, and they described paper assignats as the ruler’s debt to the people. However, institutional arrangements, most important, the status of Assignat Banks, contradicted these lofty ideas. The government continued to print money excessively, and the paper ruble’s value vis-à-vis its metal equivalent and other currencies plummeted.
Practicing the Gold Standard
Authors: Pravilova Ekaterina 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Witte understood the gold standard very literally as the introduction of gold coins and the elimination of paper cash of small denominations. As a result of the reform, the social pyramid of the monetary system turned upside down: wealthy people were expected to use paper banknotes, while simple folk had to operate with silver and gold coins. Predictably, there was a great deal of discontent, especially in the agrarian sector. The new system’s vulnerability became even more apparent when Russia attempted to introduce the gold ruble into the Eastern “realm of silver,” that is, Bukhara and Manchuria, where the population stubbornly continued to value the ruble by its reputation and purchasing power, not according to its gold “content.”
The Gold Syndrome
Authors: Pravilova Ekaterina 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The fixation with the size of the gold reserve affected Russia’s financial policy during the crisis of the Russo-Japanese War and the revolution of 1905. During the crisis, the government tried to procure loans in Europe and used the gold reserve as proof of Russia’s solvency. However, in the eyes of Western politicians and journalists, Russia had low credibility because of the government’s reluctance to start political reforms. In 1905, Russia switched to constitutional rule, but the representative State Duma did not receive any prerogatives in the monetary sphere, and the ruble’s fate remained fully under the government’s control. This feature of Russia’s political order backfired in 1914, when Russia entered the First World War.
Expanding Influence
Authors: Robinson Rebecca 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
“Expanding Influence” looks to how the rulers used their newly transformed religious institutions to expand their influence. In the Han, this expansion took the emperor on sacrificial tours to important locations across the empire, where he assumed authority over the most sacred sites. During this expansion, he also incorporated lands that had belonged to the kings into the territory administered by the imperial government. In Rome, this expansion took place primarily within the city and its political institutions. Augustus elevated the college of quindecimviri, previously considered to be a relatively unimportant college, to a much more prominent position, and the men whom Augustus had co-opted into this college gained access to the highest political offices in Rome.
Communicating Imperial Authority
Authors: Robinson Rebecca 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
“Communicating Imperial Authority” looks at the way that the changes to religion and to imperial authority were made public, by comparing the ways in which Augustus infiltrated the city of Rome through the creation of the lares Augusti and his campaign of public building, and Emperor Wu’s inspection tours (xunshou 巡守) and bestowal of gifts and amnesties throughout the empire. Through these acts, and with the ceremonies that are discussed in Chapter 7, the rulers broadcast their new imperial image throughout the city of Rome and Han empire, respectively, each dominating their respective spheres of elite power and competition.
Kant and the Provisionality of Right
Authors: Yeomans Christopher 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Chapter 2 concerns a specific feature of Kant’s political philosophy that is of fundamental significance, namely the notion of provisional right. In this idea, Kant has formulated an essential aspect of the historicity of German Idealism and it deserves sustained discussion on its own. I connect this notion with two important features of ownership relations in the Sattelzeit. First, the practical problem of ownership rights is not that of determining the boundaries of exclusive titles, but rather of disentangling and reweaving a complex set of ownership relations. Second, the relevant contrast to which the state of nature vs. civil condition distinction refers is not a contrast between a situation of no political authority and one with political authority. It is, rather, a contrast between a society that had many different political authorities and one in which only the state had political authority.
Inheritance
Authors: Yeomans Christopher 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Chapter 6 takes up an issue in which both of the institutions we have seen so far—property and the family—are related to each other: inheritance. Inheritance lies at the intersection of family structure, individual property rights, and the economic structure of society. Laws concerning who gets to bequeath what to whom, and who gets to inherit what from whom, play an important role in tracing the outlines of the family by giving economic structure to its multigenerational nature. The issue of the legitimacy of inheritance is one of the crucial social questions of the late 18th and 19th centuries. In contrast with our own contemporary reflections on inheritance, which is spurred by the enormous inequality of capital wealth produced by multi-generational inheritance, the distinctiveness of the issue in the Sattelzeit comes from its reaction to feudal inheritance structures before the advent of capitalist industrialization.
Fichte’s Three Political Philosophies
Authors: Yeomans Christopher 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In Chapter 7, Fichte takes center stage. Fichte’s great contribution to the historicity of political philosophy lies in his simultaneous development of three different political philosophies that are only tenuously connected to each other: an ideal theory in his Foundations of Natural Right, a very non-ideal theory in his Closed Commercial State, and an educational theory of progress in his Characteristics of the Present Age and Addresses to the German Nation. Working from a rather high altitude, I try to show that these three political philosophies can be characterized in terms that the historian Reinhart Koselleck has given us: the Foundations as a horizon of expectation (the future made present), the Closed Commercial State as a space of experience (the past made present), and the Characteristics and Addresses as the relation of agency that connects the horizon and the space, the future and the past.
Corruption Simpliciter
Authors: Issacharoff Samuel 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Democracy Unmoored argued in its preceding chapters that a lack of institutional constraints can lay the ground for clientelist and populist politics; that such a politics yields personalist decision making; and that with weak institutional constraints, this results in corruption. Working from this conclusion, this chapter argues that protecting democracies from authoritarian populism can begin by checking corruption through ordinary criminal and administrative law mechanisms, rather than sweeping constitutional programs—an indirect approach in the style of prosecuting Al Capone for tax evasion. Examples in Argentina, Brazil, Poland, South Africa, the United States, and more demonstrate both the promise of these ordinary mechanisms for checking populist unilateralism and how serious a risk to their own rule unilateralist populists perceive these mechanisms to be.
The Exposed Underpinnings of American Democracy
Authors: Issacharoff Samuel 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This chapter, the last of Democracy Unmoored, asks what is to be done to mitigate the political fragmentation, democratic disenchantment, and politics of hatred that fuel populist candidates and assaults on democracy. Different theories of the rise of populism—whether economic dislocation, racism, or weakening state capacity—demand different solutions. Four broad categories of proposals are discussed. These are restoring government capability and the capacity for democracies to deliver on their promises; checking executive unilateralism by reinvigorating federalism, empowering the opposition, and strengthening intermediary oversight institutions; improving citizen participation and engagement with politics through social media; and reviving core democratic institutions by funding parties, preventing the capture of parties by their extremes, and experimenting with novel voting mechanisms with moderating effects. The chapter concludes by noting that no one of these proposals alone reverses the pressures on democracy, but may buy enough time for democracies to recover some of their institutional foundations.
Introduction
Authors: Powell Emilia Justyna , Wiegand Krista E. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This introductory chapter discusses the salience of territorial and maritime disputes, and the need to peacefully resolve these contentious disputes. It highlights similar and dissimilar features of territorial and maritime disputes, focusing on the role that international law plays in peaceful conflict management. These contentions entail the contesting of sovereignty rights and refusals to cede claimed territory or maritime areas. The chapter presents a short version of the theory of strategic selection and discusses the broader significance of the project, locating it within the existing international relations and international law scholarly literature. We introduce concepts crucial to our theory—choice-of-venue strategic selection and within-venue strategic selection. It emphasizes that territorial and maritime contentions involve politically and legally complex baskets of claims over borders, tracts of land, and maritime features.
Application of Within-Venue Strategic Selection
Authors: Powell Emilia Justyna , Wiegand Krista E. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Chapter 7 focuses on the application of the within-venue strategic selection stage, not only for the proposer state, but also for the target state that has agreed to a resolution process. The discussion in this chapter further expounds and illustrates the causal mechanisms at the core of the book’s theory in the context of strategic selection’s second stage. The discussion relies exclusively on qualitative data, primarily interviews, with a heavy focus on the Philippines v. China arbitration case. The main takeaway from interviews with a variety of experts and those involved in dispute resolution is that states are indeed strategic when planning the details of settlement as they filter a dispute through a particular peaceful resolution method. Since no disputant is able to predict the settlement outcome with certainty—especially in arbitration and adjudication—the careful framing of claims and shaping of the resolution procedures are critical.
Applied Witchcraft and Technical Wizardry
Authors: Bowen Bleddyn E. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The many twists and turns in the tales of global SLV developments are not even the half of the story of the Global Space Age. The exploitation of Earth orbit for military and intelligence purposes happened whilst global publics were captivated by the end of Apollo, the Soviet Union’s space stations, and United States’ Space Shuttle. It was the spread of secret satellite infrastructure that was to have lasting consequences for politics, economics, society, and international relations on Earth. As space became accessible to humanity’s machines, the world was fed a media diet of engineering firsts or scientific discoveries. Behind closed doors, attention fixed on what remote machines could do in orbit to enhance military power, government communications, and technical intelligence gathering.
War on the Cosmic Coastline
Authors: Bowen Bleddyn E. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Whilst more awareness of contemporary military and intelligence space activities is welcome, deterrence and arms control perspectives and approaches are not always useful to think through the roles, possibilities, and dangers of space warfare. Deterrence and arms control are narrow subjects within the larger sweep of what the sum of space warfare is, what it is doing and can do, and why many military powers are pursuing it at all. Deterrence and space arms control place an undue emphasis on nuclear strategy, missile defense, and space weaponization and do not capture the main purpose of space warfare and spacepower today: a supporting infrastructure from a littoral, adjunct environment like a coastline that tends to impose dispersion on military forces.
The Syrian Gambit
Authors: Tol Gönül 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Chapter Three chronicles how Erdoğan’s turn to Islam and his endeavors to construct a national identity along Sunni Muslim lines at home translated into a policy that sought to topple the Assad regime in Syria and replace it with an Islamist-run government. It articulates how the steps Erdoğan took in Syria contributed to the Syrian uprising’s transformation into civil war and its radicalization.
Erdoğan’s Nationalist Gamble Backfires
Authors: Tol Gönül 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Chapter Six argues that after having served Erdoğan’s goals for many years, Turkish nationalism finally came back to haunt him. The discussion delves into the growing nationalist reaction against the millions of Syrian refugees, which became one of the main reasons for Erdoğan’s loss in the 2019 municipal elections. The chapter takes stock of the growing challenges he faces and the role of the Syrian war in Erdoğan’s decline. It argues that Erdoğan is at his most vulnerable.
Caught on Tape
Authors: Kelly Casey Ryan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In a surveillance culture, the ubiquity of audio-visual recording devices has enabled the unprecedented documentation of private indiscretions, scandalous conversations, and obscene behaviors ranging from the high-profile to the ordinary. From former President Donald J. Trump’s lewd banter on the infamous Access Hollywood video and leaked audio of celebrity racist tirades to outbursts of violent hate speech posted daily to YouTube, convergence media culture is awash in obscene performances of transgressive white masculinity. Such exposés are screened and viewed under the assumption that revealing secret prejudices will necessarily realize the promises of democracy and bring about a postracial and postfeminist future. In Caught on Tape, Casey Ryan Kelly addresses why the culture of public revelations has failed to hold the perpetrators accountable. Kelly illustrates how public revelations constitute a symbolic and imaginary world for the public that is preoccupied with the obscene enjoyment of transgressive white masculinity: a compulsively repetitive experience of ecstatic and excessive pleasure-in-pain that arises from encounters with that which disturbs, traumatizes, and interrupts illusory notions of our coherent selves and reality. Drawing from scholarship in rhetoric, media studies, and psychoanalysis, Caught on Tape argues that addressing race and gender inequality with the promise of scandalous hot mics and obscene private videos transforms anti-racism and gender justice into disempowering forms of spectatorship that ultimately conceal the structural nature of whiteness, white supremacy, and patriarchy. The central argument of this book is that it is we the spectators who are the ones “caught on tape.”
YouRacist.com
Authors: Kelly Casey Ryan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Chapter 3 explores the diffusion of obscene enjoyment into everyday life by examining the scaling down of public scandal in “racist freak out” videos on YouTube.com. The racist freak out video (otherwise labeled as “racist rant” or “racist tirade” videos) is a genre of viral video, captured by smartphone technology, that features ordinary white people expressing racist rage in public: harassing people of color, yelling racial epithets, and even threatening violence. The ubiquity of such videos suggests that beneath the surface of postracial culture is a seething yet sometimes unacknowledged rage lurking within the white imaginary. Although the abundance of such videos helps document the extent to which racism remains lodged in the white psyche, this chapter argues that racist freak out videos circulate as part of a libidinal economy that pathologizes and individualizes racism, thus obscuring the structural and systemic nature of white supremacy.
Triumph and Despair
Authors: Kamrava Mehran 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTriumph and Despair tells the dramatic story of post-revolutionary Iran's first four decades, from its establishment in 1979 until today. The revolutionary coalition that overthrew the monarchy was at once democratic, populist, and Islamic. The Islamists, and the Khomeinists in particular, were able to capitalize effectively on prevailing conditions on the ground; to frame the new republic's constitution, capture nascent institutions, and consolidate their power by eliminating opponents through a reign of terror. Once the war with Iraq was over and after the death of the new order's charismatic founder, Ayatollah Khomeini, the Islamic Republic was consolidated: first by tweaking its institutional arrangements, and then by fostering economic development and post-war reconstruction. A reformist interlude then followed, reversed unceremoniously by a return of populism and a broader authoritarian retrenchment. Today Iran remains at odds with itself, its economy too deeply political to yield meaningful developmental results, its foreign relations too conflicted to allow it a productive place in the community of nations. As Iran's nationalities and its women and youth carve out spaces for themselves in the broader narrative, competing identities—religious, national and otherwise—abound. After forty years, the Islamic Republic remains a country in search of itself.
A Question of Identity
Authors: Kamrava Mehran 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFour dominant currents have characterized Iranian culture. they include the problematic of modernity; the role of the state as a crafter and influencer of culture; the role, nature, and influence of religion on popular beliefs, behavior, and the organization of society; and nationalism. Combined, these four elements have greatly shaped both the overall nature of Iranian society as well as state-society relations in the country.
A Theory of Nasty Politics
Authors: Zeitzoff Thomas 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Chapter 2 develops a supply and demand theory of nasty politics. It focuses on responses to nasty rhetoric (the demand side), politicians’ incentives to go nasty (the supply side), and the implications for democracy. Voters on average don’t like nasty politics. Yet nasty politics also draws outsized attention. Certain personality types are more open to its use. Nasty politics also signals to voters that a politician will fight for their ingroup, particularly during periods of threats. Outsiders, extremists, and marginalized groups all have more to gain by going nasty. Nasty politics can also be a legitimate tool for marginalized groups to gain attention. But its continued use breeds cynicism in voters and leads to a nastier pool of candidates running for office. Finally, nasty politics can be used by incumbents to justify anti-democratic actions and can spiral into actual violence.