bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benchmarking a new TH2M implementation in OGS-6 with regard to processes relevant for nuclear waste disposal
Authors: Pitz Michael , Grunwald Norbert , Graupner Bastian , Kurgyis Kata , Radeisen Eike , Maßmann Jobst , Ziefle Gesa , Thiedau Jan , Nagel Thomas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper, thermo-hydro-mechanically (THM) coupled processes triggered during the construction, operation and closure of a deep geological repository for heat generating, high level radioactive waste are discussed based on a generic disposal concept. For this purpose, we are using the numerical non-isothermal two-phase–two-component flow in deformable porous media (TH2M) implementation (Grunwald et al. in Geomech Geophys Geo-energy Geo-resour, 2022) in the open-source software OpenGeoSys (Bilke et al. in Transport Porous Media 130(1):337–361, 2019,https://doi.org/10.1007/s11242-019-01310-1). THM coupled effects covered in this work focus on single and two-phase-flow phenomena, gas and heat generation as well as poro-elastic medium deformation. A suitable set of benchmarks covering aforementioned THM-effects, devised in the scope of the BenVaSim benchmarking project (Lux et al. in Synthesis report. BenVaSim—International Benchmarking for Verification and Validation of TH2M Simulators with Special Consideration of Fluid Dynamical Processes in Radioactive Waste Repository Systems. Tech. rep., 2021,https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.28998.34887) is chosen and one additional benchmark is presented, allowing for the demonstration and comparison of the OGS-6 TH2M implementation against results obtained by other well-established codes used in the field. Apart from the code comparison, the benchmarks also serve as means to analyze THM coupled processes in a repository based on very simplified geometries. Therefore, they can help to improve the process understanding, but any quantitative results should not be interpreted as predictions of the behaviour of a real repository. The results obtained in this work agree well with the results presented by the project partners in BenVaSim—both in single phasic, fully liquid saturated cases and in partially saturated two phase regions. Hence, the suitability of the OGS-6 TH2M implementation for the application in the field of radioactive waste management, supporting the safety case and analyzing the integrity of the geological and geotechnical barrier systems is demonstrated. Finally, a detailed discussion of observed phenomena in the benchmarks increases our understanding and confidence in the prediction of the behaviour of TH2M coupled systems in the context of deep geological radioactive waste disposal.
Navigating the transition into higher degree research: an exploration of candidates’ experiences
Authors: Liardet Cassi L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHigher-degree research (HDR) students often struggle with the transition into independent research, the juncture in which students accustomed to the structure and predictability of coursework suddenly become project managers: narrowing research questions to address a meaningful gap in the literature, designing projects that adhere to ethical mandates, and using existing literature to not only report on a topic, but also justify it. This qualitative study examines candidates’ transition into independent research through both interview and questionnaire data. Participants studying in an Australian university most often cited difficulties related to the research process, followed by mental health, writing with scholarly expression, and self-management. The findings suggest candidates entering an HDR program require support beyond traditional ‘one-off’ workshops or interventions. Specifically, they benefit from individualised and dedicated mentoring support that addresses not only their epistemological knowledge gaps, but also their existential transition from students to researchers.
Infrared to Visible Upconversion Photoluminescence from Nd-doped Yttria Ceramic for Optical Applications
Authors: Saad A. M. , Ali Hanan , Masschelein P. , Kabbara H. , Khalil Ahmed Asaad I. , Azzouz I. M. , Giba Alaa E. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Upconversion photoluminescence (UCPL) attracts great attention in the field of optics and solid state lightening applications. Thus, in order to understand the underlying mechanisms of UCPL, this work reports on the spectral and kinetic properties of up and down conversion photoluminescence (PL) from Nd-doped Y2O3 ceramic. The energy transition levels and the possible excitation mechanisms are discussed. Nd-doped Y2O3 nanocrystals have been prepared via co-precipitation method then subjected to sintering process for ceramic production. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) measurements have been used to reveal the formation of nanocrystals and the crystal phase of the prepared Nd-doped Y2O3 powders. It is found that the PL down conversion (DCPL), from ceramic sample, demonstrates well-resolved narrow emission lines related to the near-infrared transitions in Nd ions, when excited by different UV–visible wavelengths. On the other side, a visible upconversion PL (UCPL) has been detected under excitation by a 1064-nm pulsed laser. In addition, the UCPL together with the photoluminescence excitation (PLE) results have been used to confirm the proposed energy levels for the upconversion process. Moreover, the excitation power dependence of the UCPL and time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) have been measured in order to determine the dominant excitation mechanism responsible for the upconversion. our findings suggest that the excited state absorption mechanism (ESA) is likely the possible mechanism of UCPL process in rare earth (Nd) single-doped Y2O3 ceramic.
Regulatory Challenges for Energy Infrastructure—Do Electricity Distribution Remuneration Schemes in Europe Promote the Use of Flexibility from Connected Users?
Authors: Ruiz Miguel A. , Gómez Tomás , Chaves José P. , Cossent Rafael 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
The electricity grid is facing important challenges in operation and planning due to the increase in intermittent renewable generation and the penetration of distributed energy resources. This article reviews the remuneration schemes of distribution system operators for fostering flexibility procurement in a representative sample of six selected European countries.

Recent Findings
Regulatory agencies should incentivize distribution system operators to properly deal with the growing uncertainty and take advantage of flexible resources connected to their grids to minimize the impact on electricity bills that upcoming challenges may have.

Summary
Most of the reviewed regulatory frameworks still need to evolve towards removing barriers to flexibility services. The necessary steps in the evolution of remuneration schemes for distribution system operators include (i) promoting non-biased cost-efficiency, capital expenditures vs operational expenditures, and (ii) the possibility of flexible planning to deal with uncertainty.
Tutors´ and Students’ Agreement on Social and Cognitive Congruence in a Sonography Peer-assisted-learning Scenario
Authors: Rollmann Ivo , Lauter Jan , Kuner Charlotte , Herrmann-Werner Anne , Bugaj Till J. , Friederich Hans-Christoph , Nikendei Christoph 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Peer-assisted learning has become an integral part within medical education and has been proven to be effective in teaching medical skills. Cognitive and social congruence are important factors that explain the effectiveness of peer-assisted learning. However, although theory suggests this, there is no study to date that demonstrates that students and tutors agree upon the level of cognitive and social congruence. Thus, we compared tutors’ and students’ perception of cognitive and social congruence and their agreement on the causes of congruence.

Methods
36 students and 9 tutors from 9 courses were asked to answer questionnaires for their perception of cognitive and social congruence in a peer-assisted learning sonography scenario.

Results
Students and tutors experienced cognitive congruence (t = 0.8277, df = 8, p = .4318, 95% CI = [-0.232; 0.491]) and social congruence (t = 0.962, df = 8, p = .364, 95% CI = [-0.145; 0.354]) similarly. In contrast, students and tutors disagreed on causes of cognitive congruence (agreement = 53.90%) and social congruence (agreement = 58.49%). Tutors rated their empathy and interest toward students as the main cause. Students rated the helpfulness, effectiveness, and approachableness of the tutor as the main cause.

Conclusions
Our study filled the gap in previous research on cognitive and social congruence. Consistent with theoretical considerations, it was shown that students and tutors do indeed experience cognitive and social congruence similarly. Nevertheless, differences also emerged that may carry more or less weight depending on the research question. Future studies should therefore carefully examine whether the assessment of cognitive and social congruence of students and tutors is necessary.
Global Increase of the Intensity of Tropical Cyclones under Global Warming Based on their Maximum Potential Intensity and CMIP6 Models
Authors: Pérez-Alarcón Albenis , Fernández-Alvarez José C. , Coll-Hidalgo Patricia 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Future changes in the intensity of tropical cyclones (TCs) under global warming are uncertain, although several studies have projected an upward trend in TC intensity. In this study, we examined the changes in the strength of TCs in the twenty-first century based on the Hurricane Maximum Potential Intensity (HuMPI) model forced with the sea surface temperature (SST) from the bias-corrected CMIP6 dataset. We first investigated the relationship between the mean lifetime maximum intensity (LMI) of major hurricanes (MHs) and the maximum potential intensity (MPI) using the SST from the Daily Optimum Interpolation SST database. The LMI of MHs and the MPI in the last two decades was, on average, 2–3% higher than mean values in the sub-period 1982–2000, suggesting a relationship between changes in MPI and LMI. From our findings, the projected changes in TC intensity in the near-future period (2016–2040) will be almost similar for SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 climate scenarios. However, TCs will be 9.5% and 17% more intense by the end (2071–2100) of the twenty-first century under both climate scenarios, respectively, compared with the mean intensity over the historical period (1985–2014). In addition, the MPI response to a warmed sea surface temperature per degree of warming is a 5–7% increase in maximum potential wind speed. These results should be interpreted as a projection of changes in TC intensity under global warming since the HuMPI formulation does not include environmental factors (i.e., vertical wind shear, mid-level moisture content and environmental stratification) that influence TC long-term intensity variations.

Highlights

The maximum potential intensity (MPI) of tropical cyclones is a predictor of their climatological intensities.

Tropical cyclones will be 17% more intense than today by the end of the 21st Century.

The maximum potential wind speed will increase by 5–7%/ºC under global warming.
Optimal sampling-based path planning for mobile cable-driven parallel robots in highly constrained environment
Authors: Xu Jiajun , Kim Byeong-Geon , Lu Yuzhen , Park Kyoung-Su 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMobile cable-driven parallel robots (MCDPRs) is a novel concept of cable-driven parallel robots (CDPRs) developed by mounting several mobile bases to discrete the conventional fixed frame. However, the additional mobile bases introduce more degree-of-freedom (DoF), thereby causing the kinematic redundancy. Moreover, mobile bases are susceptible to disturbances causing inconsistent performance. Hence, path planning of MCDPRs becomes a challenging issue due to various internal and external constraints involved. In this article, an optimization-based path planning method is proposed for MCDPRs in highly constrained environments with considering kinematic stability. The proposed approach quickly generates feasible paths for coupled mobile bases by using the developed multi-agent rapidly exploring random tree (MA-RRT). In this process, the tree can share information through the heuristics method to optimize the path, and the adaptive sampling strategy is thus proposed to increase the tree growth efficiency by self-adjusting sampling space. Moreover, the developed dynamic control checking method (DCC) is integrated with MA-RRT to smooth the path and the kinodynamic constraints of mobile bases can be satisfied. To generate the path of the end-effector, two performance metrics are designed considering the kinematic and stability of the MCDPR. Based on the performance metrics, the grid-based search method is developed to generate the path for the end-effector. Finally, the convincing performance of the proposed method is revealed through the dynamic simulation software (CoppeliaSim) and real-world experiments based on a self-built MCDPR prototype.
Signal Contrastive Enhanced Graph Collaborative Filtering for Recommendation
Authors: Li Zhi-Yuan , Chen Man-Sheng , Gao Yuefang , Wang Chang-Dong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGraph collaborative filtering methods have shown great performance improvements compared with deep neural network-based models. However, these methods suffer from data sparsity and data noise problems. To address these issues, we propose a new contrastive learning-based graph collaborative filtering method to learn more robust representations. The proposed method is called signal contrastive enhanced graph collaborative filtering (SC-GCF), which conducts contrastive learning on graph signals. It has been proved that graph neural networks correspond to low-pass filters on the graph signals from the graph convolution perspective. Different from the previous contrastive learning-based methods, we first pay attention to the diversity of graph signals to directly optimize the informativeness of the graph signals. We introduce a hypergraph module to strengthen the representation learning ability of graph neural networks. The hypergraph learning module utilizes a learnable hypergraph structure to model the latent global dependency relations that graph neural networks cannot depict. Experiments are conducted on four public datasets, and the results show significant improvements compared with the state-of-the-art methods, which confirms the importance of considering signal-level contrastive learning and hypergraph learning.
Emotion in Politics in Times of War: A Corpus Pragmatics Study
Authors: Mestre-Mestre Eva M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEmotions remain a fertile field of research. Thanks to newly available technology, investigating people’s preferences, emotions and feelings is relevant for different purposes and perspectives. Consequently, the exploration of emotion has stimulated specialised software development. This paper presents a snapshot of currently available computational tools for analysing emotions. We also explore and compare their contributions and use them complementarily to characterise a corpus. The study presented here combines several emotion analysis tools to examine and characterise a corpus of political debates. Specifically, 34 British House of Commons debates on the war in Ukraine have been examined to identify the lexicon associated with the emotions articulated by parliamentarians in a situation of maximum political conflict, such as war, and to provide a global overview of the most common terms used, to express emotion and feeling. Using corpus pragmatics, a comprehensive overview of the corpus is obtained, as it allows the analysis of considerable amounts of data, studied from a pragmatics perspective, for the characterisation of emotion in terms of meaning and use.
Building Better Full Manganese-Based Cathode Materials for Next-Generation Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Song Jin , Wang Hangchao , Zuo Yuxuan , Zhang Kun , Yang Tonghuan , Yang Yali , Gao Chuan , Chen Tao , Feng Guang , Jiang Zewen , Xiao Wukun , Luo Tie , Xia Dingguo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLithium-manganese-oxides have been exploited as promising cathode materials for many years due to their environmental friendliness, resource abundance and low biotoxicity. Nevertheless, inevitable problems, such as Jahn-Teller distortion, manganese dissolution and phase transition, still frustrate researchers; thus, progress in full manganese-based cathode materials (FMCMs) has been relatively slow and limited in recent decades. Recently, with the fast growth of vehicle electrification and large-scale energy-storage grids, there has been an urgent demand to develop novel FMCMs again; actually, new waves of research based on FMCMs are being created. Herein, we systematically review the history of FMCMs, correctly describe their structures, evaluate the advantages and challenges, and discuss the resolution strategies and latest developments. Additionally, beyond FMCMs, a profound discussion of current controversial issues, such as oxygen redox reaction, voltage decay and voltage hysteresis in Li2MnO3-based cathode materials, is also presented. This review summarizes the effectively optimized approaches and offers a few new possible enhancement methods from the perspective of the electronic-coordination-crystal structure for building better FMCMs for next-generation lithium-ion batteries.
Graphical Abstract
First Data from the Prehistoric Site Complex of Cueva del Arco (Murcia, Spain)
Authors: Martín-Lerma Ignacio , Román Dídac , Armellini Jacopo , Sánchez-Martínez Noelia , Angelucci Diego E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe southern Iberian Peninsula is a key area for understanding the timing and patterns of the Middle-to-Upper Palaeolithic transition. Recently, the excavation and study of new sites have provided new insights on this topic. The aim of this paper is to introduce Cueva del Arco, a site complex featuring distinct caves and rock shelters. Cueva del Arco is located at a short distance from the Almadenes gorge (Cieza, Spain) and preserves both Middle and Upper Palaeolithic deposits and assemblages, as well as rock art. Despite being known since the 1990s for its Palaeolithic rock art, systematic fieldwork was never undertaken at the site until recently. We here report the first results of a research programme that includes the systematic excavation of several cavities belonging to the Cueva del Arco complex, focusing on the location and context of the site, its stratigraphy and chronology, and site formation. Research at the site is still ongoing, but preliminary results suggest that the data from Cueva del Arco will provide new clues to the current debate on the transition from Neanderthals to anatomically modern humans in southern Europe.
Properties and Characteristics of Digital Twins: Review of Industrial Definitions
Authors: Schweiger Lukas , Barth Linard 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAs digital twin configurations depend on their use case, there is a need for research on how companies can select the capabilities and appropriate level of sophistication to deploy digital twins in practice successfully. This study investigated the properties and characteristics of digital twins described in academic literature. It summarized them in a taxonomy, which was subsequently used to code and examine 90 definitions of companies. For the analysis, both supervised and unsupervised methods were applied. The results show that researchers focus more on technological requirements when defining digital twins, while companies use more value-based properties that are not included or not precisely delineated in academic reviews. Therefore, an application-oriented definition is proposed to bridge this gap and complement the taxonomy. This study thus contributes to the discussion and forming of an application-oriented and shared understanding of the digital twin concept in research and practice.
$$\bar{\partial }$$-Dressing Method for a Generalized (2 + 1)-Dimensional Nonlinear Wave Equation
Authors: Niu Zhenjie , Li Biao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe main purpose of this work is solving a generalized (2 + 1)-dimensional nonlinear wave equation via$$\bar{\partial }$$∂¯-dressing method. The key to this process is to establish connection between characteristic functions and$$\bar{\partial }$$∂¯-problem. With use of Fourier transformation and Fourier inverse transformation, we obtain explicit expressions of Green’s function and give two characteristic functions corresponding to general potential. Further, the$$\bar{\partial }$$∂¯-problem is constructed by calculating$$\bar{\partial }$$∂¯derivative of characteristic function. The solution of$$\bar{\partial }$$∂¯-problem can be shown by Cauchy–Green formula, and after determining time evolution of scatter data, we can give solutions of the (2 + 1)-dimensional equation.
TRANSITIVITY, LOWNESS, AND RANKS IN NSOP THEORIES
Authors: CHERNIKOV ARTEM , KIM BYUNGHAN , RAMSEY NICHOLAS 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe develop the theory of Kim-independence in the context of NSOP
$_{1}$
theories satisfying the existence axiom. We show that, in such theories, Kim-independence is transitive and that -Morley sequences witness Kim-dividing. As applications, we show that, under the assumption of existence, in a low NSOP
$_{1}$
theory, Shelah strong types and Lascar strong types coincide and, additionally, we introduce a notion of rank for NSOP
$_{1}$
theories.
Legal Pluralism's Other: Mythologizing Modern Law
Authors: Humfress Caroline 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article interrogates the concept of legal pluralism, as it currently tends to function within contemporary legal and historical scholarship. It argues that the concept of legal pluralism cannot ‘liberate’ positivist analytical legal theory from monist (municipal, state-centric, etc.) straightjackets, but rather itself presumes the primacy of centralized state-issued law—at the same time as masking that primacy within a pluralist discourse. The concept of legal pluralism should be properly understood—and analyzed—as part of the mythology of modern law, not as an alternative to it. The first two sections develop this argument via a critical tour of legal-pluralist historiography, focusing on 1986 to the present day. The final section then moves on to explore what is at stake for the pre-modern historian when they apply (modern) concept(s) of legal pluralism to try to explain the multiplicity of legal orders that they invariably encounter in their own source material.