bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Culturally responsive and high‐leverage practices: Facilitating effective instruction for English learners with learning disabilities
Authors: Wei Yan , Hovey Katrina A. , Gerzel‐Short Lydia , Hsiao Yun‐Ju , Miller Rhonda D. , Kelly Jerae H. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractResearch suggests that English learners (ELs) with learning disabilities (LD) may benefit from culturally responsive evidence‐based instructional approaches. ELs with LD often present with learning challenges that influence language acquisition and literacy development. One way to address the distinctive proclivities of these students is to consider the importance of culturally responsive evidence‐based instruction that can elevate student understanding and academic achievement. This article explores the integration of two theoretical frameworks: culturally responsive practices and high‐leverage practices. It then outlines the importance of teacher introspection as an instructional foundation and identifies several strategies for ELs with LD by centering instruction around linguistic assets and cultural values in combination with effective instructional practices. The article concludes with a call to action for teachers to tailor instruction based on students' cultural and language assets, in combination with effective instructional practices to enhance student learning.
Subclinical bowel inflammation increases healthcare resources utilization and steroid use before diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Rodríguez‐Lago Iago , Aguirre Urko , Ramírez de la Piscina Patricia , Muñagorri Ana , Zapata Eva , Higuera Rebeca , Montalvo Isabel , Iriarte Ainara , Fernández‐Calderón María , Arreba Paz , Carrascosa Juan , Cabriada José Luis , Barreiro‐de Acosta Manuel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrevious data support that the inflammatory process underlying ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) can start years before the diagnosis. The aim of this study was to determine if patients with an incidental diagnosis of UC or CD demonstrate an increase in healthcare utilization in the years preceding the symptomatic onset of the disease.MethodsWe performed a multicenter, retrospective, hospital‐based, case‐control study. Patients with an incidental diagnosis of UC or CD during the colorectal cancer screening program at 9 hospitals were included. Cases were matched 1:3 and compared separately with two control populations: one including healthy non‐IBD subjects adjusted by gender, age, and date, excluding those with visits to Gastroenterology; and a second control cohort of UC/CD patients with symptomatic onset.ResultsA total of 124 patients with preclinical inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) were included (87 UC, 30 CD, 7 IBD unclassified; median age 56 years). Patients with preclinical IBD showed an increase in the number of visits to Primary Care up to 3 and 5 years before diagnosis (aIRR 1.59, 95% CI [1.37–1.86], p = 0.001; aIRR 1.43, 95% CI [1.24–1.67], p = 0.01) and more frequent use of steroids (aOR 2.84, 95% CI [1.21–6.69], p = 0.03; aOR 2.25, 95% CI [1.06–4.79], p = 0.04) compared to matched non‐IBD healthy controls, respectively. In contrast, patients with a symptomatic onset visited Primary Care less frequently, but they had an increase in the number of visits to Emergency Department, specialist care, sick‐leaves, CT/ultrasound examinations, and use of antibiotics or systemic steroids.ConclusionsThere is an increased need for medical assistance and use of systemic steroids during the presymptomatic phase of IBD. These results will help in establishing new tools for early identification of IBD in the future.
Sow mortality in a pig production system in the midwestern USA: Reasons for removal and factors associated with increased mortality
Authors: Kikuti Mariana , Preis Guilherme Milanez , Deen John , Pinilla Juan Carlos , Corzo Cesar A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundSow mortality has become a growing concern in the pig production industry over the past decade. Therefore, we aimed to describe sow mortality and associated factors in a production system in the midwestern USA.MethodsMortality records from 2009 to 2018 for four farrow‐to‐wean farms were described. Environmental, farm‐ and individual‐level factors associated with weekly mortality and individual risk of dying throughout a sow's lifetime were assessed.ResultsDeaths occurred at a median of 116 days from last service, or 26 days postpartum. The median parity upon death was two. Overall, the main reasons for death were locomotion (27%) and reproduction (24%). A higher weekly number of deaths was associated with spring (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 1.27, compared to winter). Sows had a higher mortality when they were exposed to at least one porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) outbreak during their lifetime (IRR 1.55) and when housed in groups (pens) during gestation (IRR 1.32). Conversely, they had a lower mortality when housed in filtered farms (IRR 0.76), accounting for an interaction term between parity at removal and PRRS outbreak exposure.LimitationsIssues with data completion and information accuracy were present, and prospective data collection throughout sows’ lifetimes is still needed.ConclusionEfforts to reduce infectious diseases within the herd and manage environmental stressors should help reduce mortality.
Properties of infinite product amplitudes: Veneziano, Virasoro, and Coon
Authors: Geiser Nicholas , Lindwasser Lukas W. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We detail the properties of the Veneziano, Virasoro, and Coon amplitudes. These tree-level four-point scattering amplitudes may be written as infinite products with an infinite sequence of simple poles. Our approach for the Coon amplitude uses the mathematical theory of q-analysis. We interpret the Coon amplitude as a q-deformation of the Veneziano amplitude for all q ≥ 0 and discover a new transcendental structure in its low-energy expansion. We show that there is no analogous q-deformation of the Virasoro amplitude.
Pion dynamics in a soft-wall AdS-QCD model
Authors: Cao Xuanmin , Baggioli Matteo , Liu Hui , Li Danning 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Pseudo-Goldstone modes appear in many physical systems and display robust universal features. First, their mass m obeys the so-called Gell-Mann-Oakes-Renner (GMOR) relation f2m2 = $$ H\overline{\sigma} $$
H

σ
¯

, with f the Goldstone stiffness, H the explicit breaking scale and $$ \overline{\sigma} $$

σ
¯

the spontaneous condensate. More recently, it has been shown that their damping Ω is constrained to follow the relation Ω = m2Dφ, where Dφ is the Goldstone diffusivity in the purely spontaneous phase. Pions are the most paradigmatic example of pseudo-Goldstone modes and they are related to chiral symmetry breaking in QCD. In this work, we consider a bottom-up soft-wall AdS-QCD model with broken SU(2)L × SU(2)R symmetry and we study the nature of the associated pseudo-Goldstone modes — the pions. In particular, we perform a detailed investigation of their dispersion relation in presence of dissipation, of the role of the explicit breaking induced by the quark masses and of the dynamics near the critical point. Taking advantage of the microscopic information provided by the holographic model, we give quantitative predictions for all the coefficients appearing in the effective description. In particular, we estimate the finite temperature behavior of the kinetic parameter $$ \mathfrak{r} $$
r
2 defined as the ratio between the Goldstone diffusivity Dφ and the pion attenuation constant DA. Interestingly, we observe important deviations from the value $$ \mathfrak{r} $$
r
2 = 3/4 computed in chiral perturbation theory in the limit of zero temperature.
Sharpening the Distance Conjecture in diverse dimensions
Authors: Etheredge Muldrow , Heidenreich Ben , Kaya Sami , Qiu Yue , Rudelius Tom 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The Distance Conjecture holds that any infinite-distance limit in the scalar field moduli space of a consistent theory of quantum gravity must be accompanied by a tower of light particles whose masses scale exponentially with proper field distance ‖ϕ‖ as m ~ exp(−λ‖ϕ‖), where λ is order-one in Planck units. While the evidence for this conjecture is formidable, there is at present no consensus on which values of λ are allowed. In this paper, we propose a sharp lower bound for the lightest tower in a given infinite-distance limit in d dimensions: λ ≥ $$ 1/\sqrt{d-2} $$
1
/

d
−
2

. In support of this proposal, we show that (1) it is exactly preserved under dimensional reduction, (2) it is saturated in many examples of string/M-theory compactifications, including maximal supergravity in d = 4 – 10 dimensions, and (3) it is saturated in many examples of minimal supergravity in d = 4 – 10 dimensions, assuming appropriate versions of the Weak Gravity Conjecture. We argue that towers with λ <$$ 1/\sqrt{d-2} $$
1
/

d
−
2

discussed previously in the literature are always accompanied by even lighter towers with λ ≥ $$ 1/\sqrt{d-2} $$
1
/

d
−
2

, thereby satisfying our proposed bound. We discuss connections with and implications for the Emergent String Conjecture, the Scalar Weak Gravity Conjecture, the Repulsive Force Conjecture, large-field inflation, and scalar field potentials in quantum gravity. In particular, we argue that if our proposed bound applies beyond massless moduli spaces to scalar fields with potentials, then accelerated cosmological expansion cannot occur in asymptotic regimes of scalar field space in quantum gravity.
Holographic measurement and bulk teleportation
Authors: Antonini Stefano , Bentsen Gregory , Cao ChunJun , Harper Jonathan , Jian Shao-Kai , Swingle Brian 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Holography has taught us that spacetime is emergent and its properties depend on the entanglement structure of the dual theory. In this paper, we describe how changes in the entanglement due to a local projective measurement (LPM) on a subregion A of the boundary theory modify the bulk dual spacetime. We find that LPMs destroy portions of the bulk geometry, yielding post-measurement bulk spacetimes dual to the complementary unmeasured region Ac that are cut off by end-of-the-world branes. Using a bulk calculation in AdS3 and tensor network models of holography (in particular, the HaPPY code and random tensor networks), we show that the portions of the bulk geometry that are preserved after the measurement depend on the size of A and the state we project onto. The post-measurement bulk dual to Ac includes regions that were originally part of the entanglement wedge of A prior to measurement. This suggests that LPMs performed on a boundary subregion A teleport part of the bulk information originally encoded in A into the complementary region Ac. In semiclassical holography an arbitrary amount of bulk information can be teleported in this way, while in tensor network models the teleported information is upper-bounded by the amount of entanglement shared between A and Ac due to finite-N effects. When A is the union of two disjoint subregions, the measurement triggers an entangled/disentangled phase transition between the remaining two unmeasured subregions, corresponding to a connected/disconnected phase transition in the bulk description. Our results shed new light on the effects of measurement on the entanglement structure of holographic theories and give insight on how bulk information can be manipulated from the boundary theory. They could also represent a first step towards a holographic description of measurement-induced phase transitions.
Annexin A1 (Ac2-26)-dependent Fpr2 receptor alleviates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis in vivo and in vitro
Authors: Zheng Yanlei , Li Yan , Li Shi , Hu Ronghua , Zhang Li 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectivesExcessive inflammatory responses and apoptosis are critical pathologies that contribute to sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (SI-AKI). Annexin A1 (ANXA1), a member of the calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding protein family, protects against SI-AKI through its anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects, but the underlying mechanisms are still largely unknown.MethodsIn vivo, SI-AKI mouse models were established via caecal ligation and puncture (CLP) and were then treated with the Ac2-26 peptide of ANXA1 (ANXA1 (Ac2-26)), WRW4 (Fpr2 antagonist) or both. In vitro, HK-2 cells were induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and then treated with ANXA1 (Ac2-26), Fpr2–siRNA or both.ResultsIn the present study, we found that the expression levels of ANXA1 were decreased, and the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-8 and Bax were significantly increased, accompanied by marked kidney tissue apoptosis in vivo. Moreover, we observed that ANXA1 (Ac2-26) significantly reduced the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 and cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-8, FADD and Bax and inhibited apoptosis in kidney tissue and HK-2 cells, accompanied by pathological damage to kidney tissue. Seven-day survival, kidney function and cell viability were significantly improved in vivo and in vitro, respectively. Furthermore, the administration of ANXA1 (Ac2-26) inhibited the CLP- or LPS-induced phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT and downregulated the level of NF-κB in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, our data demonstrate that blocking the Fpr2 receptor by the administration of WRW4 or Fpr2–siRNA reversed the abovementioned regulatory role of ANXA1, accompanied by enhanced phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT and upregulation of the level of NF-κB in vivo and in vitro.ConclusionsTaken together, this study provides evidence that the protective effect of ANXA1 (Ac2-26) on SI-AKI largely depends on the negative regulation of inflammation and apoptosis via the Fpr2 receptor.
Cauchy or not Cauchy? New goodness-of-fit tests for the Cauchy distribution
Authors: Ebner Bruno , Eid Lena , Klar Bernhard 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe introduce a new characterization of the Cauchy distribution and propose a class of goodness-of-fit tests for the Cauchy family. The limit distribution is derived in a Hilbert space framework under the null hypothesis. The new tests are consistent against a large class of alternatives. A comparative Monte Carlo simulation study shows that the test is a good competitor for the state of the art procedures, and we apply the tests to log-returns of cryptocurrencies.
Characterizing functional modules in the human thalamus: coactivation-based parcellation and systems-level functional decoding
Authors: Boeken Ole J. , Cieslik Edna C. , Langner Robert , Markett Sebastian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe human thalamus relays sensory signals to the cortex and facilitates brain-wide communication. The thalamus is also more directly involved in sensorimotor and various cognitive functions but a full characterization of its functional repertoire, particularly in regard to its internal anatomical structure, is still outstanding. As a putative hub in the human connectome, the thalamus might reveal its functional profile only in conjunction with interconnected brain areas. We therefore developed a novel systems-level Bayesian reverse inference decoding that complements the traditional neuroinformatics approach towards a network account of thalamic function. The systems-level decoding considers the functional repertoire (i.e., the terms associated with a brain region) of all regions showing co-activations with a predefined seed region in a brain-wide fashion. Here, we used task-constrained meta-analytic connectivity-based parcellation (MACM-CBP) to identify thalamic subregions as seed regions and applied the systems-level decoding to these subregions in conjunction with functionally connected cortical regions. Our results confirm thalamic structure–function relationships known from animal and clinical studies and revealed further associations with language, memory, and locomotion that have not been detailed in the cognitive neuroscience literature before. The systems-level decoding further uncovered large systems engaged in autobiographical memory and nociception. We propose this novel decoding approach as a useful tool to detect previously unknown structure–function relationships at the brain network level, and to build viable starting points for future studies.
Efficacy of functional electrical stimulation in rehabilitating patients with foot drop symptoms after stroke and its correlation with somatosensory evoked potentials—a crossover randomised controlled trial
Authors: Mijic Marko , Schoser Benedikt , Young Peter 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objective
The connectivity between somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) and cortical plasticity remains elusive due to a lack of supporting data. This study investigates changes in pathological latencies and amplitudes of SEPs caused by an acute stroke after 2 weeks of rehabilitation with functional electrical stimulation (FES). Furthermore, changes in SEPs and the efficacy of FES against foot drop (FD) stroke symptoms were correlated using the 10-m walk test and foot–ankle strength.

Methods
A randomised controlled two-period crossover design plus a control group (group C) was designed. Group A (n = 16) was directly treated with FES, while group B (n = 16) was treated after 2 weeks. The untreated control group of 20 healthy adults underwent repeated SEP measurements for evaluation only.

Results
The repeated-measures ANOVA showed a decrease in tibial nerve (TN) P40 and N50 latencies in group A after the intervention, followed by a decline in non-paretic TN SEP in latency N50 (p < 0.05). Moreover, compared to groups B and C from baseline to 4 weeks, group A showed a decrease in paretic TN latency P40 and N50 (p < 0.05). An increase in FD strength and a reduction in step cadence in group B (p < 0.05) and a positive tendency in FD strength (p = 0.12) and step cadence (p = 0.08) in group A were observed after the treatment time. The data showed a moderate (r = 0.50–0.70) correlation between non-paretic TN latency N50 and step cadence in groups A and B after the intervention time.

Conclusion
The FES intervention modified the pathological gait in association with improved SEP afferent feedback.
Registered on 25 February 2021 on ClinicalTrials.gov under identifier number: NCT04767360.
Marginal abatement costs for GHG emissions in Canada: a shadow cost approach
Authors: Gamtessa Samuel , Çule Monika 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study approximates the marginal abatement costs (MACs) of reducing GHG emissions in Canada using the shadow cost approach. Utilizing industry level data, we are the first to offer Canadian estimates based on a Hyperbolic Output Distance Function (HODF) and the stochastic frontier estimation. Accounting for GHG emissions caused by energy consumption, we obtain an average shadow MAC of $130/t across 30 industries. In the GHG-intensive industries such as the electric utilities and non-conventional oil extraction, MACs are lower than the CO2levy of $50/t imposed by the federal government. Since these low-MACs sectors account for about 98 per cent of total GHG emissions and 94 per cent of total energy use in industries studied, the envisaged $50/t carbon levy could notionally result in a significant GHG abatement in Canada.Graphical abstract
The dependency of fetal left ventricular biomechanics function on myocardium helix angle configuration
Authors: Green Laura , Chan Wei Xuan , Ren Meifeng , Mattar Citra Nurfarah Zaini , Lee Lik Chuan , Yap Choon Hwai 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe helix angle configuration of the myocardium is understood to contribute to the heart function, as finite element (FE) modeling of postnatal hearts showed that altered configurations affected cardiac function and biomechanics. However, similar investigations have not been done on the fetal heart. To address this, we performed image-based FE simulations of fetal left ventricles (LV) over a range of helix angle configurations, assuming a linear variation of helix angles from epicardium to endocardium. Results showed that helix angles have substantial influence on peak myofiber stress, cardiac stroke work, myocardial deformational burden, and spatial variability of myocardial strain. A good match between LV myocardial strains from FE simulations to those measured from 4D fetal echo images could only be obtained if the transmural variation of helix angle was generally between 110 and 130°, suggesting that this was the physiological range. Experimentally discovered helix angle configurations from the literature were found to produce high peak myofiber stress, high cardiac stroke work, and a low myocardial deformational burden, but did not coincide with configurations that would optimize these characteristics. This may suggest that the fetal development of myocyte orientations depends concurrently on several factors rather than a single factor. We further found that the shape, rather than the size of the LV, determined the manner at which helix angles influenced these characteristics, as this influence changed significantly when the LV shape was varied, but not when a heart was scaled from fetal to adult size while retaining the same shape. This may suggest that biomechanical optimality would be affected during diseases that altered the geometric shape of the LV.
Superpotentials and Quiver Algebras for Semisimple Hopf Actions
Authors: Crawford Simon 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe consider the action of a semisimple Hopf algebra H on an m-Koszul Artin–Schelter regular algebra A. Such an algebra A is a derivation-quotient algebra for some twisted superpotential w, and we show that the homological determinant of the action of H on A can be easily calculated using w. Using this, we show that the smash product A#H is also a derivation-quotient algebra, and use this to explicitly determine a quiver algebra Λ to which A#H is Morita equivalent, generalising a result of Bocklandt–Schedler–Wemyss. We also show how Λ can be used to determine whether the Auslander map is an isomorphism. We compute a number of examples, and show how several results for the quantum Kleinian singularities studied by Chan–Kirkman–Walton–Zhang follow using our techniques.
A Biogeochemical Alkalinity Sink in a Shallow, Semiarid Estuary of the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Dias Larissa M. , Hu Xinping , Yin Hang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEstuarine total alkalinity (TA), which buffers against acidification, is temporally and spatially variable and regulated by complex, interacting hydrologic and biogeochemical processes. During periods of net evaporation (drought), the Mission-Aransas Estuary (MAE) of the northwestern Gulf of Mexico experienced TA losses beyond what can be attributed to calcification. The contribution of sedimentary oxidation of reduced sulfur to the TA loss was examined in this study. Water column samples were collected from five stations within MAE and analyzed for salinity, TA, and calcium ion concentrations. Sediment samples from four of these monitoring stations and one additional station within MAE were collected and incubated between 2018 and 2021. TA, calcium, magnesium, and sulfate ion concentrations were analyzed for these incubations. Production of sulfate along with TA consumption (or production) beyond what can be attributed to calcification (or carbonate dissolution) was observed. These results suggest that oxidation of reduced sulfur consumed TA in MAE during droughts. We estimate that the upper limit of TA consumption due to reduced sulfur oxidation can be as much as 4.60 × 108 mol day−1 in MAE. This biogeochemical TA sink may be present in other similar subtropical, freshwater-starved estuaries around the world.