bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Landscape of germline pathogenic variants in patients with dual primary breast and lung cancer
Authors: Lee Ning-Yuan , Hum Melissa , Zihara Sabna , Wang Lanying , Myint Matthew K. , Lim Darren Wan-Teck , Toh Chee-Keong , Skanderup Anders , Samol Jens , Tan Min-Han , Ang Peter , Lee Soo-Chin , Tan Eng-Huat , Lai Gillianne G. Y. , Tan Daniel S. W. , Yap Yoon-Sim , Lee Ann S. G. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundCancer predisposition is most often studied in the context of single cancers. However, inherited cancer predispositions can also give rise to multiple primary cancers. Yet, there is a paucity of studies on genetic predisposition in multiple primary cancers, especially those outside of well-defined cancer predisposition syndromes. This study aimed to identify germline variants associated with dual primary cancers of the breast and lung.MethodsExome sequencing was performed on germline DNA from 55 Singapore patients (52 [95%] never-smokers) with dual primaries in the breast and lung, confirmed by histopathology. Using two large control cohorts: the local SG10K_Health (n = 9770) and gnomAD non-cancer East Asians (n = 9626); and two additional local case cohorts of early-onset or familial breast cancer (n = 290), and lung cancer (n = 209), variants were assessed for pathogenicity in accordance with ACMG/AMP guidelines. In particular, comparisons were made with known pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in the ClinVar database, pathogenicity predictions were obtained from in silico prediction software, and case–control association analyses were performed.ResultsAltogether, we identified 19 pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants from 16 genes, detected in 17 of 55 (31%) patients. Six of the 19 variants were identified using ClinVar, while 13 variants were classified pathogenic or likely pathogenic using ACMG/AMP guidelines. The 16 genes include well-known cancer predisposition genes such asBRCA2, TP53,andRAD51D;but also lesser known cancer genesEXT2,WWOX,GATA2, andGPC3.Most of these genes are involved in DNA damage repair, reaffirming the role of impaired DNA repair mechanisms in the development of multiple malignancies. These variants warrant further investigations in additional populations.ConclusionsWe have identified both known and novel variants significantly enriched in patients with primary breast and lung malignancies, expanding the body of known cancer predisposition variants for both breast and lung cancer. These variants are mostly from genes involved in DNA repair, affirming the role of impaired DNA repair in the predisposition and development of multiple cancers.
HPLC–HR-ESI–MS/MS identification of fluorescent dyes and optical brighteners and their degradation products in daylight fluorescent paints
Authors: Reiß Lukas , Machill Susanne , Lübken Tilo , Herm Christoph 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Daylight fluorescent paints are luminous colors that are increasingly used in contemporary art. The pigments consist of a synthetic resin in which fluorescent dyes and optical brighteners are embedded. In the recent years, several research articles have been published on the composition of daylight fluorescent pigments. Despite the growing research on the aging behavior of daylight fluorescent paints, little is known to date about the chemical processes involved in aging. In the research presented here, we used dialysis to separate the colorants from the resin. HPLC–HR-ESI–MS/MS was used to extend the elucidation of the dye composition. A variety of rhodamines and coumarins, an aminonaphthalimide dye and another optical brightener were determined. NMR was used to elucidate the structure of an additional hemicyanine dye not listed in the Colour Index. Furthermore, reference substances were artificially aged under visible light and UV radiation and the degradation products were analyzed accordingly. N-deethylation, hydroxylation and higher oxidation processes were found to be the main degradation pathways for all colorants. For most dyes and optical brighteners, there was no difference between aging under visible light and aging under UV radiation. When the results were checked on samples of aged paint mock-ups, it was found that only a few of the degradation products can still be detected in the case of very advanced aging even with the smallest sample quantities.
Automated radiosynthesis and in vivo evaluation of 18F-labeled analog of the photosensitizer ADPM06 for planning photodynamic therapy
Authors: Kawamura Kazunori , Yamasaki Tomoteru , Fujinaga Masayuki , Kokufuta Tomomi , Zhang Yiding , Mori Wakana , Kurihara Yusuke , Ogawa Masanao , Tsukagoe Kaito , Nengaki Nobuki , Zhang Ming-Rong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
A family of BF2-chelated tetraaryl-azadipyrromethenes was developed as non-porphyrin photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy. Among the developed photosensitizers, ADPM06 exhibited excellent photochemical and photophysical properties. Molecular imaging is a useful tool for photodynamic therapy planning and monitoring. Radiolabeled photosensitizers can efficiently address photosensitizer biodistribution, providing helpful information for photodynamic therapy planning. To evaluate the biodistribution of ADPM06 and predict its pharmacokinetics on photodynamic therapy with light irradiation immediately after administration, we synthesized [18F]ADPM06 and evaluated its in vivo properties.

Results
[18F]ADPM06 was automatically synthesized by Lewis acid-assisted isotopic 18F-19F exchange using ADPM06 and tin (IV) chloride at room temperature for 10 min. Radiolabeling was carried out using 0.4 μmol of ADPM06 and 200 μmol of tin (IV) chloride. The radiosynthesis time was approximately 60 min, and the radiochemical purity was > 95% at the end of the synthesis. The decay-corrected radiochemical yield from [18F]F− at the start of synthesis was 13 ± 2.7% (n = 5). In the biodistribution study of male ddY mice, radioactivity levels in the heart, lungs, liver, pancreas, spleen, kidney, small intestine, muscle, and brain gradually decreased over 120 min after the initial uptake. The mean radioactivity level in the thighbone was the highest among all organs investigated and increased for 120 min after injection. Upon co-injection with ADPM06, the radioactivity levels in the blood and brain significantly increased, whereas those in the heart, lung, liver, pancreas, kidney, small intestine, muscle, and thighbone of male ddY mice were not affected. In the metabolite analysis of the plasma at 30 min post-injection in female BALB/c-nu/nu mice, the percentage of radioactivity corresponding to [18F]ADPM06 was 76.3 ± 1.6% (n = 3). In a positron emission tomography study using MDA-MB-231-HTB-26 tumor-bearing mice (female BALB/c-nu/nu), radioactivity accumulated in the bone at a relatively high level and in the tumor at a moderate level for 60 min after injection.

Conclusions
We synthesized [18F]ADPM06 using an automated 18F-labeling synthesizer and evaluated the initial uptake and pharmacokinetics of ADPM06 using biodistribution of [18F]ADPM06 in mice to guide photodynamic therapy with light irradiation.
Unforeseen complications: a case of dengue shock syndrome presenting with multi-organ dysfunction in a subtropical region
Authors: Owais Syed Muhammad , Ansar Farrukh , Saqib Muhammad , Wahid Khatira , Rashid Khalid , Mumtaz Hassan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Overview
Dengue fever, a viral illness transmitted by the Aedes mosquito, is capable of causing a range of serious complications, including fulminant hepatic failure, renal dysfunction, encephalitis, encephalopathy, neuromuscular and ophthalmic disorders, seizures, and cardiomyopathy.

Case description
This report details the case of a 30-year-old lactating woman with no notable medical history who presented to the emergency department with symptoms of high-grade fever, altered mental status, and seizures. Upon imaging, bilateral infarcts in the thalami and cerebellar hemispheres were observed, consistent with cerebellitis and dengue encephalitis.

Patient treatment and outcome
The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit and received appropriate treatment. Following a critical phase and successful patient stabilization, she was transferred to a high dependency unit for a week before being discharged with recommendations for follow-up care.

Conclusion
This case illustrates the broad spectrum of complications that can arise as a result of dengue infection and the importance of timely diagnosis and management in improving patient outcomes. Further investigation is required to better understand the mechanisms underlying these complications and to formulate specific guidelines for the prevention and treatment of dengue shock syndrome.
Contribution of remote sensing to wildfire trend and dynamic analysis in two of Ghana’s ecological zones: Guinea-savanna and Forest-savanna mosaic
Authors: Dahan Kueshi Sémanou , Kasei Raymond Abudu , Husseini Rikiatu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundTwo of Ghana’s ecological zones—Guinea-savanna zone (GSZ) and Forest-savanna mosaic zone (FSZ)—are practically homologous in terms of structure and floristic composition, with some differences. The various sub-ecosystems that make up these areas are being depleted and losing their natural values due to various threats. There is little understanding about the fire trends in these areas due to a lack of data and poor accessibility to existing fire statistics. This study aimed to contribute to the understanding of the trends of area burned and active fire in the Guinea-savanna and Forest-savanna mosaic zones in order to inform policy-makers about sustainable management options. We used the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) daily active fire (MDC14ML) and burned-area (MCD64A1) products to characterize the fire regime in terms of seasonality, intensity, density, burned area, frequency, and trends during the study period of 2001 to 2021.ResultsThis study indicated that fire activity started in October and peaked in December (GSZ) and January (FSZ). The mean proportion burned was approximately 39.95% (burned area of 2659.31 km2; FSZ) and 60.05% (burned area of 3996.63 km2: GSZ), while the frequency was approximately 42.87% (1759.95 of active fires; FSZ) and 57.13% (2345.26 of active fires: GSZ). In 2018, GSZ recorded the largest burned area (19 811.2 km2, which represents an average of 825.5 km2of the total area burned from 2001 to 2021) with 4719 active points detected. FSZ recorded its greatest burned area in 2015 (8727.4 km2; which represents an average of 363.6 km2of the total area burned from 2001 to 2021) with 5587 active points recorded. In addition, it was found that specific times of the day (1000 h to 1420 h) recorded the majority of burned areas. In overview, between 2001 and 2021, burned areas increased by an average of 1.4 km2(FSZ) and 4.6 km2(GSZ), and the number of active fires increased by an average of 4.7 (FSZ) and 4.4 (GSZ) active fires per km2.ConclusionsIn conclusion, burned areas and active fires are increasing in both ecological zones. This study demonstrated the relevance of remote sensing to describe spatial and temporal patterns of fire occurrence in Ghana and highlighted the need for fire control and fuel management by the policies and institutions (e.g., Ghana National Fire and Rescue Service) in these important and vulnerable zones (GSZ and FSZ). This is especially true in the Forest-savanna mosaic zone, which is increasingly affected by the disasters of wildfires and records more active fires than GSZ, indicating that this zone is becoming more and more vulnerable. Therefore, rigorous continuous monitoring is essential, and collaboration between organizations fighting for the conservation of natural resources in the field is strongly recommended.
Novel complete methanogenic pathways in longitudinal genomic study of monogastric age-associated archaea
Authors: Feehan Brandi , Ran Qinghong , Dorman Victoria , Rumback Kourtney , Pogranichniy Sophia , Ward Kaitlyn , Goodband Robert , Niederwerder Megan C. , Lee Sonny T. M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundArchaea perform critical roles in the microbiome system, including utilizing hydrogen to allow for enhanced microbiome member growth and influencing overall host health. With the majority of microbiome research focusing on bacteria, the functions of archaea are largely still under investigation. Understanding methanogenic functions during the host lifetime will add to the limited knowledge on archaeal influence on gut and host health. In our study, we determined lifelong archaea dynamics, including detection and methanogenic functions, while assessing global, temporal and host distribution of our novel archaeal metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs). We followed 7 monogastric swine throughout their life, from birth to adult (1–156 days of age), and collected feces at 22 time points. The samples underwent gDNA extraction, Illumina sequencing, bioinformatic quality and assembly processes, MAG taxonomic assignment and functional annotation. MAGs were utilized in downstream phylogenetic analysis for global, temporal and host distribution in addition to methanogenic functional potential determination.ResultsWe generated 1130 non-redundant MAGs, representing 588 unique taxa at the species level, with 8 classified as methanogenic archaea. The taxonomic classifications were as follows: ordersMethanomassiliicoccales(5) andMethanobacteriales(3); generaUBA71(3),Methanomethylophilus(1),MX-02(1), andMethanobrevibacter(3). We recovered the first US swineMethanobrevibacter UBA71 sp006954425andMethanobrevibacter gottschalkiiMAGs. TheMethanobacterialesMAGs were identified primarily during the young, preweaned host whereasMethanomassiliicoccalesprimarily in the adult host. Moreover, we identified our methanogens in metagenomic sequences from Chinese swine, US adult humans, Mexican adult humans, Swedish adult humans, and paleontological humans, indicating that methanogens span different hosts, geography and time. We determined complete metabolic pathways for all three methanogenic pathways: hydrogenotrophic, methylotrophic, and acetoclastic. This study provided the first evidence of acetoclastic methanogenesis in archaea of monogastric hosts which indicated a previously unknown capability for acetate utilization in methanogenesis for monogastric methanogens. Overall, we hypothesized that the age-associated detection patterns were due to differential substrate availability via the host diet and microbial metabolism, and that these methanogenic functions are likely crucial to methanogens across hosts. This study provided a comprehensive, genome-centric investigation of monogastric-associated methanogens which will further improve our understanding of microbiome development and functions.
Rock-physics modeling of elastic properties of multiscale fractured rocks
Authors: Wang Yirong , Zhao Luanxiao , Yang Zhifang , Cao Hong , Guo Junxin , Geng Jianhua 
Published: July 2023

Fractures, often existing across various scales, control the mechanical and fluid flow properties of upper crustal rocks. Inferring fracture properties at different scales from multiband geophysical measurements is essential for many fields of earth and energy sciences. Under the framework of multiscale homogenization, we develop a rock-physics model to characterize the elastic and anisotropic properties of multiscale fractured rocks following a certain statistical law. The isotropic differential effective medium theory is used to model the elasticity of randomly oriented microcracks, and the linear slip theory is used to model the elasticity of oriented or randomly oriented macroscale fractures. For a multiscale fractured rock covered by six orders of fracture length (10−4 m to 102 m), it is found that velocity exhibits a decreasing trend with the increment of scale. Nevertheless, the different statistical distribution of multiscale fractures significantly affects the velocity and anisotropy variation pattern with scale. The velocity for the fractal distribution decreases significantly at the seismic scale, whereas, for the log-Gaussian distribution, the dramatic change in velocity occurs more at the ultrasonic and logging scales, depending on the length of the dominant fractures. We apply our methodology to interpret a set of multiscale geophysical data of P-wave velocity in a fractured carbonate formation and estimate that the multiscale fracture is possibly distributed in a log-Gaussian manner. Our elastic and anisotropic modeling strategy has the potential to predict the distribution pattern of fractures, especially by reconciling the multifrequency geophysical measurements (e.g., ultrasonic, logging, and seismic data).
Pseudo-3D cubes from densely spaced subbottom profiles via projection onto convex sets interpolation: An open-source workflow applied to a pockmark field
Authors: Warnke Fynn , Pecher Ingo A. , Hillman Jess I. T. , Davy Bryan , Woelz Susi , Gorman Andrew R. , Strachan Lorna J. 
Published: July 2023

High-resolution subbottom profiler (SBP) data are commonly recorded during academic or industrial surveys and analyzed as 2D profiles. However, there is growing interest in 3D imaging of the shallow seafloor subsurface, e.g., site surveys prior to the installation of offshore wind farms. Despite ongoing advancements in 3D systems, SBPs continue to be used mainly for 2D profiling. In other seismic imaging applications, “pseudo-3D” seismic cubes have been successfully generated from dense 2D seismic surveys. We developed a novel open-source Python-based workflow to interpolate densely spaced 2D SBP profiles acquired with a hull-mounted parametric SBP into pseudo-3D cubes. This workflow is applied to a study area on the Chatham Rise east of New Zealand’s South Island, comprising numerous seafloor pockmarks and subsurface paleo-pockmarks. Our workflow consists of two stages: (1) processing of individual 2D profiles to compensate for existing vertical offsets and (2) sparse data interpolation by applying the iterative projection onto convex sets algorithm. We correct the residual static effect caused by the sea state during acquisition, compensate for the varying tidal elevations, and apply vertical time shifts to individual profiles to correct misties at profile intersections. The interpolation of the binned sparse 3D cube is performed in the frequency domain using the fast Fourier transform and executed in parallel processes, which significantly increases the computational efficiency. We validate our workflow by testing different bin sizes, sparse transforms, thresholding approaches, and varying total iterations, which noticeably impact the resulting interpolation quality. Our developed workflow generates pseudo-3D subsurface images from densely spaced SBP profiles, with numerous potential applications for academic and industrial surveys.
Bevacizumab in Combination With Oxaliplatin, Fluorouracil, and Leucovorin (FOLFOX4) for Previously Treated Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Results From the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Study E3200
Authors: Giantonio Bruce J. , Catalano Paul J. , Meropol Neal J. , O'Dwyer Peter J. , Mitchell Edith P. , Alberts Steven R. , Schwartz Michael A. , Benson Al B. 
Published: July 2023

Purpose Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer mortality in the United States. Antiangiogenic therapy with bevacizumab combined with chemotherapy improves survival in previously untreated metastatic colorectal cancer. This study was conducted to determine the effect of bevacizumab (at 10 mg/kg) on survival duration for oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy in patients with previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer. Patients and Methods Eight hundred twenty-nine metastatic colorectal cancer patients previously treated with a fluoropyrimidine and irinotecan were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin (FOLFOX4) with bevacizumab; FOLFOX4 without bevacizumab; or bevacizumab alone. The primary end point was overall survival, with additional determinations of progression-free survival, response, and toxicity. Results The median duration of survival for the group treated with FOLFOX4 and bevacizumab was 12.9 months compared with 10.8 months for the group treated with FOLFOX4 alone (corresponding hazard ratio for death = 0.75; P = .0011), and 10.2 months for those treated with bevacizumab alone. The median progression-free survival for the group treated with FOLFOX4 in combination with bevacizumab was 7.3 months, compared with 4.7 months for the group treated with FOLFOX4 alone (corresponding hazard ratio for progression = 0.61; P < .0001), and 2.7 months for those treated with bevacizumab alone. The corresponding overall response rates were 22.7%, 8.6%, and 3.3%, respectively ( P < .0001 for FOLFOX4 with bevacizumab v FOLFOX4 comparison). Bevacizumab was associated with hypertension, bleeding, and vomiting. Conclusion The addition of bevacizumab to oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin improves survival duration for patients with previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer.
Polygenic Risk and Chemotherapy-Related Subsequent Malignancies in Childhood Cancer Survivors: A Childhood Cancer Survivor Study and St Jude Lifetime Cohort Study Report
Authors: Im Cindy , Sharafeldin Noha , Yuan Yan , Wang Zhaoming , Sapkota Yadav , Lu Zhanni , Spector Logan G. , Howell Rebecca M. , Arnold Michael A. , Hudson Melissa M. , Ness Kirsten K. , Robison Leslie L. , Bhatia Smita , Armstrong Gregory T. , Neglia Joseph P. , Yasui Yutaka , Turcotte Lucie M. 
Published: July 2023

PURPOSE Chemotherapeutic exposures are associated with subsequent malignant neoplasm (SMN) risk. The role of genetic susceptibility in chemotherapy-related SMNs should be defined as use of radiation therapy (RT) decreases. PATIENTS AND METHODS SMNs among long-term childhood cancer survivors of European (EUR; N = 9,895) and African (AFR; N = 718) genetic ancestry from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study and St Jude Lifetime Cohort Study were evaluated. An externally validated 179-variant polygenic risk score (PRS) associated with pleiotropic adult cancer risk from the UK Biobank Study (N > 400,000) was computed for each survivor. SMN cumulative incidence comparing top and bottom PRS quintiles was estimated, along with hazard ratios (HRs) from proportional hazards models. RESULTS A total of 1,594 survivors developed SMNs, with basal cell carcinomas (n = 822), breast cancers (n = 235), and thyroid cancers (n = 221) being the most frequent. Although SMN risk associations with the PRS were extremely modest in RT-exposed EUR survivors (HR, 1.22; P = .048; n = 4,630), the increase in 30-year SMN cumulative incidence and HRs comparing top and bottom PRS quintiles was statistically significant among nonirradiated EUR survivors (n = 4,322) treated with alkylating agents (17% v 6%; HR, 2.46; P < .01), anthracyclines (20% v 8%; HR, 2.86; P < .001), epipodophyllotoxins (23% v 1%; HR, 12.20; P < .001), or platinums (46% v 7%; HR, 8.58; P < .01). This PRS also significantly modified epipodophyllotoxin-related SMN risk among nonirradiated AFR survivors (n = 414; P < .01). Improvements in prediction attributable to the PRS were greatest for epipodophyllotoxin-exposed (AUC, 0.71 v 0.63) and platinum-exposed (AUC,0.68 v 0.58) survivors. CONCLUSION A pleiotropic cancer PRS has strong potential for improving SMN clinical risk stratification among nonirradiated survivors treated with specific chemotherapies. A polygenic risk screening approach may be a valuable complement to an early screening strategy on the basis of treatments and rare cancer-susceptibility mutations.