bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neutral sphingomyelinase blockade enhances hematopoietic stem cell fitness through an integrated stress response
Authors: Hurwitz Stephanie N. , Jung Seul K. , Kobulsky Danielle R. , Fazelinia Hossein , Spruce Lynn A. , Pérez Empar Baltasar , Groen Nathalie , Mesaros Clementina , Kurre Peter 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) transplantation serves as a curative therapy for many benign and malignant hematopoietic disorders and as a platform for gene therapy. However, growing needs for ex vivo manipulation of HSPC-graft products are limited by barriers in maintaining critical self-renewal and quiescence properties. The role of sphingolipid metabolism in safeguarding these essential cellular properties has been recently recognized, but not yet widely explored. Here, we demonstrate that pharmacologic and genetic inhibition of neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase-2) leads to sustained improvements in long-term competitive transplantation efficiency after ex vivo culture. Mechanistically, nSMase-2 blockade activates a canonical integrated stress response (ISR) and promotes metabolic quiescence in human and murine HSPCs. These adaptations result in part from disruption in sphingolipid metabolism that impairs the release of nSMase-2–dependent extracellular vesicles (EVs). The aggregate findings link EV trafficking and the ISR as a regulatory dyad guarding HSPC homeostasis and long-term fitness. Translationally, transient nSMase-2 inhibition enables ex vivo graft manipulation with enhanced HSPC potency.
An approach for proteins and their encoding genes synonyms integration based on protein ontology
Authors: Wang Xiaohong , Jing Xiaoli , Dou Fangkun , Cao Haowei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Biological research is generating high volumes of data distributed across various sources. The inconsistent naming of proteins and their encoding genes brings great challenges to protein data integration: proteins and their coding genes usually have multiple related names and notations, which are difficult to match absolutely; the nomenclature of genes and proteins is complex and varies from species to species; some less studied species have no nomenclature of genes and proteins; The annotation of the same protein/gene varies greatly in different databases. In summary, a comprehensive set of protein/gene synonyms is necessary for relevant studies.

Results
In this study, we propose an approach for protein and its encoding gene synonym integration based on protein ontology. The workflow of protein and gene synonym integration is composed of three modules: data acquisition, entity and attribute alignment, attribute integration and deduplication. Finally, the integrated synonym set of proteins and their coding genes contains over 128.59 million terminologies covering 560,275 proteins/genes and 13,781 species. As the semantic basis, the comprehensive synonym set was used to develop a data platform to provide one-stop data retrieval without considering the diversity of protein nomenclature and species.

Conclusion
The synonym set constructed here can serve as an important resource for biological named entity identification, text mining and information retrieval without name ambiguity, especially synonyms associated with well-defined species categories can help to study the evolutionary relationships between species at the molecular level. More importantly, the comprehensive synonyms set is the semantic basis for our subsequent studies on Protein–protein Interaction (PPI) knowledge graph.
Effects of a patient-centered digital health intervention in patients referred to cardiac rehabilitation: the Smart HEART clinical trial
Authors: Harzand Arash , Alrohaibani Alaaeddin , Idris Muhammed Y. , Spence Hayden , Parrish Cate G. , Rout Pratik K. , Nazar Rene , Davis-Watts Michelle L. , Wright Phyllis P. , Vakili Alexander A. , Abdelhamid Smah , Vathsangam Harshvardhan , Adesanya Adelanwa , Park Linda G. , Whooley Mary A. , Wenger Nanette K. , Zafari A. Maziar , Shah Amit J. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) improves outcomes in heart disease yet remains vastly underutilized. Remote CR enhanced with a digital health intervention (DHI) may offer higher access and improved patient-centered outcomes over non-technology approaches. We sought to pragmatically determine whether offering a DHI improves CR access, cardiac risk profile, and patient-reported outcome measures.

Methods
Adults referred to CR at a tertiary VA medical center between October 2017 and December 2021 were offered enrollment into a DHI alongside other CR modalities using shared decision-making. The DHI consisted of remote CR with a structured, 3-month home exercise program enhanced with multi-component coaching, a commercial smartphone app, and wearable activity tracker. We measured completion rates among DHI participants and evaluated changes in 6-min walk distance, cardiovascular risk factors, and patient-reported outcomes from pre- to post-intervention.

Results
Among 1,643 patients referred to CR, 258 (16%) consented to the DHI where the mean age was 60 ± 9 years, 93% were male, and 48% were black. A majority (90%) of the DHI group completed the program. Over 3-months, significant improvements were seen in 6MWT (mean difference [MD] -29 m; 95% CI, 10 to 49; P < 0.01) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (MD -11 mg/dL; 95% CI, -17 to -5; P < 0.01), and the absolute proportion of patients who reported smoking decreased (10% vs 15%; MD, -5%; 95% CI, -8% to -2%; P < 0.01) among DHI participants with available data. No adverse events were reported.

Conclusions
The addition of a DHI-enhanced remote CR program was delivered in 16% of referred veterans and associated with improved CR access, markers of cardiovascular risk, and healthy behaviors in this real-world study. These findings support the continued implementation of DHIs for remote CR in real-world clinical settings.

Trial registration
This trial was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02791685 (07/06/2016).
High prevalence of de novo metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease after liver transplantation and the role of controlled attenuation parameter
Authors: Mak Lung-Yi , Chan Albert CY , Wong Tiffany CL , Dai Wing-Chiu , She Wong-Hoi , Ma Ka-Wing , Sin Sui-Ling , Chu Ka-Wan , Seto Wai-Kay , Yuen Man-Fung , Lo Chung-Mau , Fung James 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background & Aims
Although non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains an uncommon indication for liver transplantation (LT) in the Chinese, the prevalence of NAFLD is increasing. We aimed to determine the prevalence of de novo steatosis and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) after LT.

Methods
Transient elastography assessment for liver stiffness and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) were performed after LT in 549 patients at median time of 77 months from LT. CAP was compared with implant liver biopsy, and also validated in 42 patients with post-LT liver biopsy. Longitudinal history including diabetes mellitus (DM), dyslipidemia, hypertension, and immunosuppressive regimen were recorded.

Results
The optimal cut-off level of CAP for diagnosing at least mild (≥ S1) and moderate-to-severe steatosis (≥ S2/3) was 266 and 293 dB/m respectively, with AUROC of 0.740 and 0.954 respectively. Using this newly derived cut-off, 28.9% patients have de novo NAFLD, of which 95.6% fulfilled the criteria for MAFLD. After multivariate analysis, BMI (HR 1.34), DM (HR 2.01), hypertension (HR 2.03), HDL-cholesterol (HR 0.25), LDL-cholesterol (HR 1.5) and cryptogenic cirrhosis (HR 4.85) were associated with the development of S2/3 graft steatosis. de novo NAFLD was associated with higher incidence of new-onset hypertension (p < 0.001), graft dysfunction (defined as ALT > 40 U/L; p = 0.008), but not associated with graft fibrosis (defined as liver stiffness > 12 kPa; p = 0.761).

Conclusion
Although NAFLD remains an uncommon primary liver disease indication for LT in Chinese patients, post-transplant de novo graft steatosis is common and the majority is classified as MAFLD. Development of graft steatosis is not associated with an increase in graft fibrosis but was associated with worse metabolic control and graft dysfunction. Routine CAP measurement to detect de novo graft steatosis should be considered after LT regardless of the primary indication of LT.
Improved outcomes of older patients with acute and displaced proximal humerus fractures treated with window bone ingrowth fracture-specific stem reverse shoulder arthroplasty
Authors: Claro Rui , Ribau Ana , Fonte Hélder , Amorim-Barbosa Tiago , Barros Luís Henrique , Sevivas Nuno 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The optimal treatment of displaced proximal humerus fractures (PHFs) in the older people population remains controversial. Reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) is a popular surgical treatment option that provides improved and reproducible results. However, the relevance of fracture-specific stem designs for RSA to improve tuberosity consolidation and shoulder function remains debatable.

Methods
This study included all patients 70 years or older with acute and displaced PHFs primarily treated with RSA at a single institution in Portugal, between January 2010 and December 2019 who participated in a minimum follow-up of 2 years.

Results
A total of 112 patients (15 men and 97 women) with a median clinical follow-up of 52 months were included. The mean age at the time of fracture was 78.6 years. All fractures were classified as Neer types 3 and 4 (n = 50 and n = 62, respectively). A window bone ingrowth fracture-specific stem was used for 86 patients, and a conventional humeral stem was used for 26 patients. Regarding the tuberosity fixation technique, 76 tuberosities were attached using technique A (according to Boileau's principles), 36 tuberosities were attached using technique B (not following Boileau's principles) and 11cases were classified as technique C (if fixation was not possible). The overall survival rate during the 2-year follow-up was 88.2%; however, this decreased to 79% at 5 years. Only three patients had complications (two infections and one dislocation) requiring revision surgery. In the multivariable analysis, the tuberosity fixation technique (P = 0.012) and tuberosity anatomical consolidation (P < 0.001) were associated with improved Constant scores (median Constant Score 62.67 (technique A), 55.32 (technique B), 49.70 (technique C). Fracture-specific humeral implants (P = 0.051), the tuberosity fixation technique (P = 0.041), tuberosity anatomical consolidation (P < 0.001), and dementia influenced the achievement of functional mobility (P = 0.014). Tuberosity anatomic consolidation was positively associated with bone ingrowth fracture-specific humeral implants (P < 0.01) and a strong tuberosity fixation technique (P < 0.01).

Conclusion
RSA is used for complex and displaced fractures of the proximal humerus in older patients. Dementia was negatively correlated with functional outcomes. A window bone ingrowth fracture-specific stem combined with strong tuberosity fixation can yield better clinical and radiological results.

Level of evidence
Level II; prospective comparative study; treatment study.
“Wrinkles will only go where the smiles have been”: a path analysis of the associations between happiness and health, sleep, physical activities for older people in Abu Dhabi
Authors: Badri Masood , Alkhaili Mugheer , Aldhaheri Hamad , Yang Guang , Yaaqeib Saad , Albahar Muna , Alrashdi Asma 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The study aimed to identify the associations of happiness and factors related to physical and mental health, leisure, and sports activities amongst older adults in Abu Dhabi. The sample comprised 1,004 participants in the third Abu Dhabi Quality of Life survey administered in 2019–2020.

Methods
The analysis used path analysis to develop a model incorporating the specified variables. The path model highlighted all direct and indirect associations between the variables. We also used variance analysis to test the differences in gender, marital status, and education attainment with happiness.

Results
Results show that sleep quality is most associated with happiness and subjective health. In addition, sleeping hours did not show any association with subjective health; but were associated with happiness. The result also confirms that mental health is negatively associated with happiness and subjective health. How often an elderly gets involved in sport and activities for at least 30 min significantly affects subjective health and happiness.

Conclusions
Happiness of older adults is best understood when we look at both direct and indirect effects using a path model. Their happiness is significantly associated with their subjective health, mental health, participation in sport and activities and sleep quality, Implications of the study were highlighted, along with future research directions.
Study protocol for ELders AT Ease (ELATE): a cluster randomised controlled trial of cognitive behaviour therapy to reduce depressive symptoms in aged care residents
Authors: Bhar Sunil , Davison Tanya E. , Schofield Penelope , Quinn Stephen , Ratcliffe Julie , Waloszek Joanna M. , Dunkerley Sofie , Silver Mark , Linossier Jennifer , Koder Deborah , Collins Rebecca , Milte Rachel 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
This protocol describes a study of the effectiveness of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) for reducing depressive symptoms in older adults living in residential aged care (RAC) facilities in Australia. Depressive symptoms are highly prevalent in this population, yet the benefits of CBT for reducing such symptoms in RAC facilities have not been widely investigated. Elders at Ease (ELATE) is a 16-session CBT intervention designed for implementation in RAC facilities. The intervention includes cognitive, behavioural and reminiscence strategies and is delivered by mental health trainees (MHTs) in collaboration with RAC facility staff and residents’ family.

Methods and analysis
ELATE will be evaluated using a cluster randomised trial comparing outcomes for residents who participate in the intervention with those living in usual care control facilities. The participants are RAC residents aged 65 years or above, with depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-2 ≥ 3) and normal cognition or mild cognitive impairment (Standardised Mini Mental Status Examination ≥ 21). They are assessed at four time points: baseline prior to randomisation (T1), mid-treatment (T2; 2.5 months post randomisation), post-treatment (T3; 5 months post-randomisation) and 3-month follow-up (T4; 8 months post randomisation). The primary outcome is change in depressive symptoms between T1 and T3. Secondary outcomes are depressive symptoms at T4, anxiety, suicide ideation, sleep problems, quality of life, staff and family knowledge of late-life depression, stress levels and efficacy in caring for residents, and MHT levels of geropsychology competencies. Residents receiving the intervention are hypothesised to report a greater decrease in depressive symptoms between T1 and T3 compared to residents receiving usual care. The primary analysis is a regression, clustered over site to account for correlated readings, and independent variables are condition and depressive symptoms at T1. A cost-utility analysis is also undertaken.

Discussion
ELATE is a comprehensive CBT intervention for reducing depressive symptoms in RAC residents. It is designed to be implemented in collaboration with facility staff and residents’ families, individually tailored to residents with normal cognition to mild cognitive impairment and delivered by trainee therapists. ELATE offers a model that may be widely applicable across the RAC sector.

Trial registration
Trial registered with the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ANZCTR) Number ACTRN12619001037190, prospectively registered on 22 July 2019.
Global prevalence of asymptomatic norovirus infection in outbreaks: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Jun , Gao Zhao , Yang Zu-rong , Liu Kun , Zhang Hui 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Although many studies on asymptomatic norovirus infection in outbreaks have been conducted globally, structured data (important for emergency management of outbreaks) on the prevalence of this epidemic are still not available. This study assessed the global prevalence of asymptomatic norovirus infection in outbreaks.

Methods
We identified publications on asymptomatic infections from norovirus outbreaks by searching the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Medline, and Web of Science databases and screening references from the articles reviewed. Prevalence of asymptomatic norovirus infection in outbreaks was employed as the primary summary data. The random-effects model of the meta-analysis was fitted to generate estimates of the prevalence in the overall and subgroup populations.

Results
In total, 44 articles with a sample size of 8,115 asymptomatic individuals were included. The estimated pooled prevalence of asymptomatic norovirus infection in outbreaks was 21.8% (95%CI, 17.4–27.3). The asymptomatic prevalence of norovirus GII (20.1%) was similar to that of GI (19.8%); however, the proportion prevalence of asymptomatic individuals involved in the former (33.36%) was significantly higher than that of in the latter (0.92%) and the former (93.18%) was reported much more frequently than the latter (15.91%) in the included articles. These studies had significant heterogeneity (I2 = 92%, τ2 = 0.4021, P < 0.01). However, the source of heterogeneity could not be identified even after subgroup analysis of 10 possible influencing factors (geographical area, outbreak settings, outbreak seasons, sample types, norovirus genotypes, transmission routes, subjects’ occupations, subjects’ age, per capita national income, and clear case definition). Meta-regression analysis of these 10 factors demonstrated that the geographical area could be partly responsible for this heterogeneity (P = 0.012).

Conclusions
The overall pooled asymptomatic prevalence of norovirus in outbreaks was high, with genome II dominating. Asymptomatic individuals may play an important role in norovirus outbreaks. This knowledge could help in developing control strategies and public health policies for norovirus outbreaks.
A fast and accurate brain extraction method for CT head images
Authors: Hu Dingyuan , Liang Hongbin , Qu Shiya , Han Chunyu , Jiang Yuhang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Brain extraction is an essential prerequisite for the automated diagnosis of intracranial lesions and determines, to a certain extent, the accuracy of subsequent lesion recognition, location, and segmentation. Segmentation using a fully convolutional neural network (FCN) yields high accuracy but a relatively slow extraction speed.

Methods
This paper proposes an integrated algorithm, FABEM, to address the above issues. This method first uses threshold segmentation, closed operation, convolutional neural network (CNN), and image filling to generate a specific mask. Then, it detects the number of connected regions of the mask. If the number of connected regions equals 1, the extraction is done by directly multiplying with the original image. Otherwise, the mask was further segmented using the region growth method for original images with single-region brain distribution. Conversely, for images with multi-region brain distribution, Deeplabv3 + is used to adjust the mask. Finally, the mask is multiplied with the original image to complete the extraction.

Results
The algorithm and 5 FCN models were tested on 24 datasets containing different lesions, and the algorithm’s performance showed MPA = 0.9968, MIoU = 0.9936, and MBF = 0.9963, comparable to the Deeplabv3+. Still, its extraction speed is much faster than the Deeplabv3+. It can complete the brain extraction of a head CT image in about 0.43 s, about 3.8 times that of the Deeplabv3+.

Conclusion
Thus, this method can achieve accurate brain extraction from head CT images faster, creating a good basis for subsequent brain volume measurement and feature extraction of intracranial lesions.
Clinical value of grayscale ultrasound combined with real-time shear wave elastography nomogram in risk prediction of thyroid cancer
Authors: Ren Tiantian , Jiang Mingfei , Wu Jiawei , Zhang Fan , Zhang Chaoxue 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives
This study constructed a nomogram based on grayscale ultrasound features and real-time shear wave elastography (SWE) parameters to predict thyroid cancer.

Methods
Clinical data of 217 thyroid nodules of 201 patients who underwent grayscale ultrasound, real-time SWE, and thyroid function laboratory examination in Ma’anshan People’s Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The subjects were divided into a benign nodule group (106 nodules) and a malignant nodule group (111 nodules). The differences in grayscale ultrasound features, quantitative parameters of real-time SWE, and laboratory results of thyroid function between benign and malignant thyroid nodules were analyzed. We used a chi-square test for categorical variables and a t-test for continuous variables. Then, the independent risk factors for thyroid cancer were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. Based on the independent risk factors, a nomogram for predicting thyroid cancer risk was constructed using the RMS package of the R software.

Results
Multivariate logistic regression showed that the grayscale ultrasound features of thyroid nodules were the shape, margin, echogenicity, and echogenic foci of the nodules,the maximum Young’s modulus (SWE-max) of thyroid nodules, and the ratio of thyroid nodule and peripheral gland (SWE-ratio) measured by real-time SWE were independent risk factors for thyroid cancer (all p < 0.05), and the other variables had no statistical difference (p > 0.05). Based on the shape (OR = 5.160, 95% CI: 2.252–11.825), the margin (OR = 9.647, 95% CI: 2.048–45.443), the echogenicity (OR = 6.512, 95% CI: 1.729–24.524), the echogenic foci (OR = 2.049, 95% CI: 1.118–3.756), and the maximum Young’s modulus (SWE-max) (OR = 1.296, 95% CI: 1.140–1.473), the SWE-ratio (OR = 2.001, 95% CI: 1.403–2.854) of the thyroid nodule to peripheral gland was used to establish the related nomogram prediction model. The bootstrap self-sampling method was used to verify the model. The consistency index (C-index) was 0.979, ROC curve was used to analyze the nomogram scores of all patients, and the AUC of nomogram prediction of thyroid cancer was 0.976, indicating that the nomogram model had high accuracy in the risk prediction of thyroid cancer.

Conclusions
The nomogram model of grayscale ultrasound features combined with SWE parameters can accurately predict thyroid cancer.