bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A genomic perspective of the aging human and mouse lung with a focus on immune response and cellular senescence
Authors: He Meng , Borlak Jürgen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background The aging lung is a complex process and influenced by various stressors, especially airborne pathogens and xenobiotics. Additionally, a lifetime exposure to antigens results in structural and functional changes of the lung; yet, an understanding of the cell type specific responses remains elusive. To gain insight into age-related changes in lung function and inflammaging, we evaluated genes mechanistically linked to extracellular matrix (ECM), cellular senescence, immune response and pulmonary surfactant and interrogated single cell RNAseq data to fingerprint cell type specific changes. Results We identified 139 and 52 mouse and human genes linked to ECM remodeling which accounted for 54% and 20%, respectively of ECM coding genes. Furthermore, we identified 64 and 13 mouse and human genes linked to cellular senescence, and the majority code for the senescence associated secretory phenotype. These cytokines, chemokines and growth factors are primarily secreted by macrophages and fibroblasts. Single-cell RNAseq data confirmed age-related induced expression of marker genes of macrophages, neutrophil, eosinophil, dendritic, NK-, CD4+, CD8+-T and B cells in the lung of aged mice. This included the highly significant regulation of 20 genes coding for the CD3-T-cell receptor complex. Conversely, for the human lung we observed primarily macrophage marker genes that changed with age. Additionally, we observed an age-related induced expression of marker genes for mouse AT1, AT2, ciliated, club, goblet and endothelial cells while for the human lung, fibroblasts and myofibroblasts marker genes increased with age. We therefore infer a change in cellular activity of these cell types with age. Furthermore, we identified predominantly repressed expression of surfactant coding genes, especially the surfactant transporter Abca3, thus highlighting remodeling of surfactant lipids with implications for the production of inflammatory lipids and immune response. Conclusion We report the genomic landscape of the aging lung and provide a rationale for its growing stiffness and age related inflammation. By comparing the mouse and human pulmonary genome, we identified important differences between the two species and highlight the complex interplay of inflammaging, senescence and its links to ECM remodeling in healthy but aged individuals.
Clinical outcomes for pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma patients: an institutional experience
Authors: Sullivan Jared , Chandler James , Lesniak Maciej , Tate Matthew , Sonabend Adam , Kalapurakal John , Horbinski Craig , Lukas Rimas , Kumthekar Priya , Sachdev Sean 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Report our institutional experience with pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) to contribute to limited data on optimal management.
Methods
Patients with pathologically confirmed PXA treated at our institution between 1990 and 2019 were identified. Demographic information, tumor grade, treatment variables, and clinical outcomes were collected from patient charts. Kaplan-Meier estimates were used to summarize two primary outcome measurements: progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Outcomes were stratified by tumor grade and extent of resection. Cox regression and log-rank testing were performed.
Results
We identified 17 patients with pathologically confirmed PXA. Two patients were excluded due to incomplete treatment information or < 6m of follow-up; 15 patients were analyzed (median follow-up 4.4y). Six patients had grade 2 PXA and 9 had grade 3 anaplastic PXA. The 2-year and 5-year PFS for the cohort was 57% and 33%, respectively; 2-year and 5-year OS was 93% and 75%, respectively. Patients with grade 2 tumors exhibited superior PFS compared to those with grade 3 tumors (2-year PFS: 100% vs. 28%, 5-year PFS: 60% vs. 14%), hazard ratio, 5.09 (95% CI:1.06–24.50), p = 0.02. Undergoing a GTR also yielded improved outcomes (hazard ratio: 0.38, p = 0.15). All but one (89%) of the grade 3 patients underwent RT.
Conclusion
The poor survival of the cohort, especially with grade 3 tumors, suggests the need for more aggressive treatment, including maximal resection followed by intensive adjuvant therapy. Better prognostics of tumor recurrence are needed to guide the use of adjuvant therapy.
Simulating one-way electric carsharing systems with a multi-agent model
Authors: WANG Daoge , Ye Jianhong , YU Bin , JING Peng , GAO Lei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
With improved technology and supported public policy, electric vehicles (EVs) are coming back in one-way carsharing from the 2010s. Although the addition of EVs offers a way to achieve carbon neutrality, the shorter vehicle range and longer charging time of EVs pose a greater challenge to the operation of one-way carsharing than fuel vehicles. Common methods (e.g., mathematical model) are difficult to deal with such a complex system composed of "user-station-parking space-vehicle-energy", where supply and demand are restricted by mutual feedback. Therefore, this paper builds a one-way electric carsharing model and integrates it into an open-source multi-agent transport simulation platform (MATSim) to study its supply and demand relationship. A Shanghai baseline scenario was built to validate the model and test the impacts of vehicle range, charging rate, and power supply mode on carsharing demand. The results show that: (1) Vehicle range expansion and charging rate improvement have less impact on carsharing demand. The current vehicle range and charging rate can meet the daily use in Shanghai. (2) When the power supply mode changes from charging piles to battery swapping, the carsharing usage decreases slightly (-3%), while the carsharing trip characteristics remain almost the same. This means that operators could use battery swapping for power supply. This study provides suggestions for electric carsharing operators in Shanghai, as well as a simulation tool for more operators to test the supply and demand relationship of electric carsharing.
Double intensification centers of summer marine heatwaves in the South China Sea associated with global warming
Authors: Dong Tianyun , Liu Fei , Dong Wenjie , Zhu Xian , Hu Shijian , Yao Yulong , Shi Hui 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Marine heatwaves (MHWs) in the South China Sea (SCS) have prolonged impacts on local ecosystems and economies, and accurate projection of MHWs under future global warming is important for high-quality local social development. The future change in the spatial pattern of MHWs, however, is not clear against the well-known MHW overall intensification. Here we find that Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) models can well capture the main distribution of observed SCS MHWs, showing uniform distribution of frequency, “north high-south low” distribution of mean intensity and cumulative intensity, except that the simulated center of long MHW duration center is shifted to the southern SCS compared to the central SCS in observations. Under the Shared Socioeconomic Path-way 1-2.6 (SSP126) scenario, the increase of MHW cumulative intensity shows a double-center structure in the northern coastal region and southern SCS, which is mainly caused by the large increase of frequency and mean intensity in the north and increase of duration in the south. Both SSP245 and SSP585 scenarios project similar patterns of MHW intensification, but with larger magnitudes. The climatological distribution of mixed layer depth, which is deeper in the south and shallower in the north, contributes to this spatial distribution of SCS MHW change. Strong seasonal-mean sea surface temperature warming in the northern SCS caused by enhanced solar radiation also contributes to the northern center of intensification in MHW frequency and mean intensity.
Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aicardi–Goutières Syndrome Induced by Novel Compound Heterozygous Mutations of TREX1: an unaffected Live Birth
Authors: Xu Huiling , Pu JiaJie , Lin SuiLing , Hu Rui , Yao JiLong , Li XueMei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Aicardi–Goutières syndrome (AGS) is a rare, autosomal recessive, hereditary neurodegenerative disorder. Which is characterized mainly by early onset progressive encephalopathy, concomitant with an increase in interferon-α levels in the cerebrospinal fluid. Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) is a procedure that could choose unaffected embryos to transferr after analysis of biopsied cells, which allows at-risk couples without facing the risk of pregnancy termination.
Methods: Trio-WES, Karyotype and chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) were used for determining the family’s pathogenic mutations. To blocked the inheritance of the disease, multiple annealing and looping-based amplification cycles (MALBAC) was used for whole genome amplification of biopsied trophectoderm(TE) cells. Sanger sequencing and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) haplotyping were used to detect the state of gene mutations. Copy number variations (CNV) analysis was also carried out to prevent embryonic chromosomal abnormalities. Prenatal diagnosis was preformed to verify the PGT outcomes.
Results: A total of 3 blastocysts formed after intracytoplasmic sperm injection were biopsied. After genetic analysis, an embyro identified heterozygous mutation in TREX1 without CNVs was transferred. The couple finally got a healthy baby through PGT with haplotype linkage analysis.
Conclusions: In this study, we first identified two noval pathogenic mutations in TREX1, which has not been previously reported. Our study provided valuable knowledge of the molecular diagnosis and genetic counseling for AGS and extends the mutation spectrum of TREX1 gene.
Deep Learning LSTM-based MPPT Control of 100kW Dual Stage Grid Tied Solar PV System
Authors: Younas Umair , Kulaksiz Ahmet Afsin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The simultaneous rise in energy demand brought on by urbanization, industrialization, population growth, and the significant increase in greenhouse gas emissions from conventional energy sources pushes the energy market to divert towards sustainable energy. Among renewables, Solar photovoltaic (PV) technology has been identified as an abundant, clean, environmentally friendly, noiseless, and economically sustainable energy source to fulfill the future energy demand. However, the output power of a solar PV panel is unpredictable due to temperature (T) and irradiance (G) fluctuations, as well as the relatively low efficiency of solar cells (15 to 25%) limits its applications in grid-connected mode. To work for the PV panel at its maximum power, this paper presents the deep learning associated with Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) network-based Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) controller for a 100 kW grid-connected PV array. The performance of the proposed LSTM-based MPPT is contrasted with that of the Feed Forward Neural Network (FFNN) and the traditional Perturb and Optimization (P&O) MPPT controller using the Simulink MATLAB environment. Over one million datasets, the LSTM and FFNN are trained for two inputs (T, G) and a single output (Vmp). The Mean Square Error (MSE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Average Error (MAE), and Prediction error between the actual power and the extracted power by the respective MPPT are used as performance indices in the comparison of LSTM and FFNN. The trained models are exported to Simulink, where an MPPT comparison is accomplished among the LSTM, FFNN, and P&O controllers. LSTM-based MPPT controller extracted more power in kilo watt (99.14) from the PV panel than FFNN (96.75) and P&O (95.11) controllers. The LSTM comprised of least RMSE value (0.20) than FFNN (2.62), and P&O (4.22) respectively. Hence, the proposed LSTM MPPT controller proceeded to establish the control of active power between the PV array and grid, Direct Current (DC) bus voltage control, and grid-tied inverter control
Development of a data visualization platform that uses evidence-based recommendations of short-term guidelines for ambient air levels of benzene during disaster response
Authors: Danforth Cloelle , Portier Christopher , Ensor Kathrine , Hopkins Loren , Evans Bryan , McGraw Katlyn , Quist Arbor , Craft Elena 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Industrial disasters have led to hazardous air pollution and public health impacts. Response officials have limited exposure guidelines to consult during the event; often, guidelines are outdated and may not represent relevant elevated-exposure periods. During the 2019 Intercontinental Terminals Company (ITC) fire in Houston, large-scale releases of benzene—a hazardous chemical and known carcinogen—presented a public health threat. This incident, among others, highlight the need for effective response and nimble, rapid public health communication.
Method
We developed a data-driven visualization tool to store, display, and interpret ambient benzene concentration information to assist health officials during environmental emergencies. Guidance values to interpret risk from acute exposure to benzene were updated using recent literature and regulatory guidance, which additionally consider exposure periodicity. The visualization platform can process data from several types of sampling instruments and air monitors automatically and publicly display information in real-time, along with the associated risk information, and action recommendations. The protocol was validated by retrospectively applying it to the ITC event.
Results
The new guidance values are 6- to 30-times lower than those derived by the Texas regulatory agency. Fixed-site monitoring data assessed using the protocol and revised thresholds, indicated an additional 8 shelter-in-place and 17 air quality alerts would have occurred. At least one of these shelter-in-place alerts corresponded to prolonged, elevated benzene concentrations (~ 1000 ppb).
Conclusion
This new tool addresses essential gaps in timely communication of air pollution measurements, provides context to understand potential health risks from exposure to benzene, and provides a clear protocol for local officials in responding to industrial air releases of benzene. This type of protocol has been identified as a critical need by several community groups in the Houston region who have expressed concerns about disparities in air quality attributable, in part, to industry air emission exceedances.
Isolation and characterization of multi-drug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug resistant (XDR) bacterial pathogens from diverse environmental niches of Shimla, Himachal Pradesh (India)
Authors: Bharti  , Bali Parul , Minhas Naveen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) emerged as a major challenge to public health and significantly impacting the global economy. Infections due to multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria are difficult to treat and cause financial burden on patients. Environment may serve as a genetic pool of several drug resistant genes and help bacteria to emerge as notorious superbugs. This study aims to characterize MDR bacterial isolates from environmental samples and comparative analysis of MDR and multi-drug sensitive (MDS) strains for the expression of virulence factors. Twenty six (n = 26) different environmental samples (water, soil, air and surface) were collected for the purpose. Thirty (n = 30) bacterial isolates belong to 13 different genera (Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., Escherichia spp., Bacillus spp., Acinetobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas spp., Shigella spp., Enterobacter spp., Citrobacter spp., Streptococcus spp., Streptobacillus spp. and Proteus spp.) were identified. All recovered isolates were susceptible to aminoglycosides class of antibiotics tested. The most frequently isolated bacterium was Staphylococcus aureus (23.33%) and recovered from all environmental sources except water. Overall 63.33% (19/30) bacterial isolates were MDR, of which, 73.68% (14/19) were extensively drug resistant (XDR). Incidence of MDR and XDR phenotype was higher among isolates recovered from water samples and least among surface samples. Biofilm production was observed in all the isolates as weak (53.34%) and moderate (46.66%). MDR plus XDR phenotype was observed among 42.85% (6/14) of the moderate biofilm producers. Statistically, no significant difference was observed between MDR and MDS isolates for the expression of virulence traits (p > 0.05 for calculated χ2 of 8.496).
Does the intentionality of mind wandering affect the combined dimensions of temporal orientation and emotional valence?
Authors: Guan Siqing , Takahashi Toru , Kumano Hiroaki 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The intentionality and content dimensions of mind wandering (MW) are important determinants of its costs and benefits. However, the relationship of intentionality with various combinations of different content dimensions has never been examined. In this study, we aimed to examine whether the content of intentional and unintentional MW differs in terms of temporal orientation, emotional valence, and combinations of these two factors. Results indicated that intentional and unintentional MW did not differ in the frequency of negative valence, whereas a difference was observed in the frequency of negative valence combined with temporal orientation. Unintentional MW was 4.88 times more likely than intentional MW to generate negative past-oriented content, while intentional MW was 2.61 times more likely to generate negative future-oriented content. Furthermore, when compared to intentional MW, unintentional MW was 1.94 times more likely to generate neutral past-oriented content, while intentional MW was 2.17 times more likely to generate positive future-oriented content. These findings show that intentional and unintentional MW have different effects on the content generated, depending on whether the content dimensions are considered separately or combined, which opens crucial new perspectives on understanding the functionality of MW.
Developing a public-private partnership framework for managing the adverse health effects of environmental disaster (a case study of Lake Urmia – Iran)
Authors: Gharaee Hojatolah , Dewey Rebecca Susan , Gholami Amir Hossein , Azami-Aghdash Saber 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The present study aimed to develop a Public-Private Partnership framework for managing the Adverse Health Effects of Environmental Disasters using the drying lake Urmia case study in Iran. This is a qualitative study with grounded theoretical approach. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using content analysis. To formulate the initial framework, an expert panel was formed. Delphi methodology was used to determine the validity of framework. The most critical infrastructure for private sector participation was designing a legal framework and providing adequate resources and facilities. Pollutant assessment and public education are among the essential areas in which the private sector can participate. To evaluate the performance of the private sector, periodic and short-term reports, and documentation should be used. Payments to the private sector should be for periodic objectives based on performance. Reimbursement should combine service fees, allocation per capita, and performance quality. One of the significant difficulties and challenges in the managing of AHEEDs is lack of resources, poor management and inter-departmental coordination. Policymakers can consider PPP as an effective policy for reducing the AHEEDs. To this end, the framework presented in this study can be used as a guide by national and local authorities and policymakers.
Experiments and simulations of surface cleaning for a gas–liquid two-phase jet
Authors: Shi Feng-xia , Zhao Jian , Zhou Yi , Zhang Huan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this study, a new cleaning method for the gas-mixed water jet is proposed. The pulsation characteristics of the gas -liquid two-phase jet and the influences of parameters on the cleaning effect were analyzed by performing simulations and experiments. The results showed that the impact pressure fluctuated and was much higher than the inlet pressure. With a continuous increase in the standoff distance, the impact pressure first decreased slowly and then decreased significantly, while the diameter and depth of the crater first increased and then decreased. The optimal standoff distance for a desirable impact effect was 10 mm. With the increase in gas concentration, the impact pressure became higher for gas concentrations of less than 8%, while the impact pressure decreased for the gas concentration of more than 8%. A higher impact pressure along with a fiercer jet pulsation resulted when the flow rate became larger. Accordingly, the diameter and depth of impact crater became enlarged. The impact pressure first increased and then decreased with the increase of nozzle contraction angle. Moreover, the optimal value of such an angle was 140°. This study provides fundamental and practical guidance to further improve the application of gas-mixed water jet cleaning technology.
Thermal activation, characterization and performance evaluation of Ethiopian bentonite for sodium removal
Authors: Musie Wondimu , Gonfa Girma 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Bentonite is one of the clay materials that have important characteristics and is applicable to construction and for different industrial uses. Treatment of this material to enhance some of its physicochemical properties to suit the desired applicability has been a focus research area. In this work, natural bentonite from Warseisso, Afar region, Ethiopia was activated with thermal treatment. The raw and treated bentonites were then characterized using SEM, FTIR, XRD, BET, and cation exchange capacity. The effects of activation parameters (time and temperature) on its physiochemical properties and its performance for the removal of sodium ions from water were investigated. Bentonite activated for 6 h at 300 °C showed a maximum specific surface area of 81.74 m2/g while the raw one showed 57.6 m2/g. However, the cation exchange capacity value of the raw bentonite was found to be 82.1 meq/100 g while the value was reduced to 67.2 meq/100 g for treated bentonite with high specific surface area. To check the performance of the activated bentonite for desalination application, batch adsorption of sodium from synthetically produced sodium chloride solution was made. A sodium removal performance of 10% was achieved with treated bentonite at the maximum specific surface area.