bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influence Of Human Resource Development, Leadership Style And Motivation On Work Achievement Of Civil Servants At The Ministry Of Religion Office In Bengkulu City
Authors: Tamara Agina , Susanti Neri , Subhi Ramadan 
Published: January 2025

This study aims to determine the effect of human resource development, leadership style and motivation on the work achievement of civil servants at the Ministry of Religion Office in Bengkulu City. This type of research is a type of quantitative research. The data collection method in this study used a questionnaire technique, with a sample of 105 respondents. The results showed that multiple linear regression Y = 21,987 + 0.140 X1 + 0.313 X2 + 0.128 X3 + 0.3,841. Where the coefficient is positive, it means that there is a positive or unidirectional relationship between the variables of Human Resources Development (X1), Leadership Style (X2) Motivation (X3) on Work Achievement (Y) of civil servants at the Ministry of Religion Office in Bengkulu City. The test results of human resource development (XI) show tcount 2.350> ttable 1.65964 and sigfinication 0.021 <0.05, then the results of the hypothesis Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected, meaning that human resource development has a positive and significant effect on the Work Achievement of the State Civil Apparatus of the Bengkulu City Ministry of Religion Office. The results of the leadership style test (XI) show tcount 5.086> ttable 1.65964 and sigfinication 0.000 <0.05, then the results of the hypothesis Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected, meaning that leadership style has a positive and significant effect on the Work Achievement of civil servants at the Ministry of Religion Office in Bengkulu City. The results of the motivation test (XI) show tcount 2.143> ttable 1.65964 and sigfinikasi 0.035 <0.05, then the results of the hypothesis Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected, meaning that motivation has a positive and significant effect on the Work Achievement of civil servants at the Ministry of Religion Office in Bengkulu City. Based on the comparison of the Fcount value with Ftable, the Fcount value is greater than the Ftable value, namely 14.636> 2.46, it is concluded that it accepts the hypothesis, meaning that there is a simultaneous influence between Human Resource Development (X1), Leadership Style (X2) Motivation (X3), the value is 0 (zero), on Work Achievement (Y) of civil servants at the Ministry of Religion Office in Bengkulu City.
Treatment options for Achilles tendinopathy: a scoping review of preclinical studies
Authors: Agyeman-Prempeh Nathanael Opoku , Maas Huub , Burchell George L. , Millar Neal L. , Moen Maarten H. , Smit Theodoor Henri 
Published: January 2025

Background
Achilles tendinopathy (AT) management can be difficult, given the paucity of effective treatment options and the degenerative nature of the condition. Innovative therapies for Achilles tendinopathy are therefore direly needed. New therapeutic developments predominantly begin with preclinical animal and in vitro studies to understand the effects at the molecular level and to evaluate toxicity. Despite the publication of many preclinical studies, a comprehensive, quality-assessed review of the basic molecular mechanisms in Achilles tendinopathy is lacking.

Objectives
This scoping review aims to summarize the literature regarding in vitro and in vivo animal studies examining AT treatments and evaluate their effect on tendon properties. Also, a quality assessment of the included animal studies is done. We provide a comprehensive insight into the current state of preclinical AT treatment research which may guide preclinical researchers in future research.

Eligibility criteria
Treatment options of Achilles tendinopathy in chemically or mechanically induced in vivo or in vitro Achilles tendinopathy models, reporting biomechanical, histological, and/or biochemical outcomes were included.

Sources of evidence
A systematically conducted scoping review was performed in PubMed, Embase.com, Clarivate Analytics/Web of Science, and the Wiley/Cochrane Library. Studies up to May 4, 2023 were included.

Charting Methods
Data from the included articles were extracted and categorized inductively in tables by one reviewer. The risk-of-bias quality assessment of the included animal studies is done with Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation risk-of-bias tool.

Results
A total of 98 studies is included, which investigated 65 different treatment options. 80% of studies reported significant improvement in the Achilles tendon characteristics after treatment. The main results were; maximum load and stiffness improvement; fibre structure recovered and less inflammation was observed; collagen I fibrils increased, collagen III fibrils decreased, and fewer inflammatory cells were observed after treatment. However, 65.4% to 92.5% of the studies had an uncertain to high risk of bias according to the risk-of-bias tool of the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation.

Conclusions
Despite promising preclinical treatment outcomes, translation to clinical practice lags behind. This may be due to the poor face validity of animal models, heterogeneity in Achilles tendinopathy induction, and low quality of the included studies. Preclinical treatments that improved the biomechanical, histological, and biochemical tendon properties may be interesting for clinical trial investigation. Future efforts should focus on developing standardized preclinical Achilles tendinopathy models, improving reporting standards to minimize risk of bias, and facilitating translation to clinical practice.
Feasibility of Timing Insecticide Applications based on Pheromone Trap Catches of Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) in Maize
Authors: Rajeshwari Dosa , Pal Suprakash , Patra Partha Sarathi , Ghosh Arunava , Laskar Nripendra , Ghosh Jaydeb 
Published: January 2025

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), an invasive pest has recently spread to all over India and several other countries. For management of this pest, it is important to monitor moth activity by using pheromone traps. In the present study pheromone traps (Polythene sleeve type) baited with ‘GAIAGEN Lures’ (rubber septa) were installed @ 12 traps/ha in the experimental fields. The adult male moths caught during an observational week were counted. Per cent plant infestation was recorded at every seven days interval. The results have revealed that there was a gap of several weeks between peak field infestation and peak moth catch/trap, it indicates that field infestation was high even though moth trap catch was low and there is a negative association between the trap catches and per cent plant infestation. The relationship between field infestation (No. of larvae/plant and % plant infestation) and trap catches were negatively correlated for all the five weeks i.e., nth, (n-1)th, (n-2)th, (n-3)th, (n-4)th in both 2022-23 and 2023-24 years. There was no concrete evidence of field infestation taking place after adult trap catches. Therefore, it can be concluded that only pheromone trap catch data cannot be taken into consideration for timing insecticide application. Field scouting could be better option for monitoring fall armyworm in maize.
In vitro Study of Antibacterial Potential of Moringa oleifera Ethanolic Leaf Extract on Bacteria Isolated from Clarias gariepinus
Authors: Maryann Kanu, Ezinne , Okechukwu Nwiyi, Paul , Onyeama Owunna, Cyprain 
Published: January 2025

The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro antibacterial potential of ethanolic leaf extract of Moringa oleifera on bacteria organisms isolated from at 25 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml, 100 mg/ml and 200 mg/ml concentration. The antibacterial potential of ethanolic leaf extracts of Moringa oleifera were determined against bacteria isolated from the body of Clarias gariepinus. The leaf of Moringa oleifera was extracted with 99.9% ethanol and distilled deionized water and reconstituted at 25 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml, 100 mg/ml and 200 mg/ml concentrations. The phytochemical analysis carried out on the leaf extract of Moringa oleifera reveals the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, oxalates and phytate. The micro-organisms isolated include; Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella spp. Antibacterial testing was by agar well diffusion method. The highest zone of inhibition mm achieved with ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera at concentration of 200 mg/ml against Staphylococcus aureus while the lowest zone of inhibition was mm at 50mg/ml concentration. The highest and lowest zone of inhibition and mm at concentrations of 200 mg/ml and 50 mg/ml was achieved with ethanolic leaf extract of Moringa oleifera against Escherichia coli, the highest and lowest zone of inhibition was and mm at concentrations of 200 mg/ml and 100mg/ml, respectively. There was no susceptibility to the organisms at concentration 25 mg/ml and 50 mg/ml for Salmonella spp with Moringa oleifera leaf extract. The most susceptible organism was Staphylococcus aureus and the least susceptible was Salmonella spp. The presence of the phytochemicals in Moringa oleifera supports the use of this leaf extract as an antibacterial agent at higher concentration which might justify its ethno-medicinal use.
Effect of Saline Water Irrigation and Organic Amendments on the Growth and Quality Characters of Cluster Bean
Authors: Manoj K. , Bhuvaneswari R. , Dhanasekaran K. , Srinivasan S. , Vijayapriya M. , Suganthi S. 
Published: January 2025

The pot experiment was carried out to test the salinity tolerance level of MDU - 1 in the presence of organic manures. A pot experiment was conducted in the pot culture yard of the Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Cuddalore District, during January - May, 2024. Crop was raised using selected saline tolerant Cluster bean variety MDU -1 as test crop. The experimental soil was sandy loam in texture and taxonomically classified as Typic Ustifluvent. The treatments consisted of three levels of salinity viz., S1–Control (bore well water), S2 (EC-2.5 dS m-1) and S3 (EC-5.0 dS m-1) and four different sources of organic manures viz., O1- Humic acid (HA), O2-FYM, O3-Vermicompost (VC) and O4-Composted coirpith (CCP). The experiment was laid out in a Factorial Completely Randomized Design (FCRD) with three replications. The results of the pot experiment clearly indicated the response of cluster bean to saline water irrigation and soil application of different organic manures. Among the three levels of salinity tried, the treatment S1, irrigated through bore well water recorded the highest response in respect of growth and quality characters of Clusterbean as compared to saline water irrigation treatment S2 and S3. All the sources of organics evaluated proved significant to increase the growth and quality characters of clusterbean. However, the effect was much pronounced with vermicompost applied treatments as compared to humic acid, composted coirpith and FYM. Among the various treatment combinations, application of vermicompost at 12.5 t ha-1 through soil and irrigated with bore well water (S1O3) excelled the other treatments in respect of the growth, yield and nutrient uptake by clusterbean. However, this was followed by the treatment S1O1, which received soil application of humic acid at 30 kg ha-1 and irrigated with borewell water. Further, the quality parameters like crude protein, crude fibre and gum content in clusterbean pods were also positively improved by the application of vermicompost @ 12.5 t ha-1 through soil and irrigated with bore well water (S1O3). However, it was followed by treatment S2O3 (VC + saline water irrigation). Hence, soil application of vermicompost @ 12.5 t ha-1 and saline water (EC-2.5 dS m-1) irrigation to saline tolerant clustebean variety MDU-1 was identified as best treatment combination for sustainable clusterbean production under saline water irrigation.
A Fullerene Seeded Strategy for Facile Construction of Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nano‐Onions as Robust Electrocatalysts
Authors: Guo Kun , He Zhimin , Lu Song , Zhang Pengjun , Li Ning , Bao Lipiao , Yu Zhixin , Song Li , Lu Xing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCarbon nano‐onions (CNOs) as a novel form of carbon materials hold peculiar structural features but their electrocatalytic applications are largely discouraged by the demanding synthesis conditions (e.g., ≥1500 °C and vacuum). Using C60 fullerene molecules as the sacrificial seeds and melamine as the main feedstock, herein, a novel strategy for the facile construction of CNOs nanoparticles is presented with ultrafine sizes (≈5 nm) at relatively low temperatures (≤900 °C) and atmospheric pressure. During the calcination, in‐depth characterizations reveal that C60 can retain the melamine‐derived graphitic carbon nitride from complete sublimation at high temperatures (≥700 °C). Owing to the N removal and subsequent pentagon generation, severely deformed graphitic fragments together with the disintegrated C60 molecules merge into larger sized nanosheets with high curvature, eventually leading to the formation of N‐doped defect‐rich CNOs. Owing to the integration of multiple favorable structural features of pentagons, edges, and N dopants, the CNOs obtained at 900 °C present superior oxygen reduction half‐wave potential (0.853 VRHE) and zinc–air cathode performance to the commercial Pt/C (0.838 VRHE). Density functional theory calculation further uncovers that the carbon atoms adjacent to the N‐doped edged pentagons are turned into the ORR‐active sites with O2 protonation as the rate‐determining step.
3D Neighborhood Nanostructure Reinforces Biosensing Membrane
Authors: Song Siqing , Zhang Hao , Wan Yinhua , Luo Jianquan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe electron signals in the cell can be rapidly and accurately transmitted by the spatially confined and adjacently distributed enzyme pairs anchored in the cytomembrane. As inspiration, by leverage of tannic acid‐3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane‐Fe (TA‐APTES‐Fe) ternary coating, for the first time, a mesoporous biosensing membrane is developed by orderly assembly and targeted confinement of Prussian blue (PB) and glucose oxidase (GOx) with neighborhood nanostructure in the 3D mesoporous carbon nanotubes (CNTs) membrane electrode. The mesoporous biosensing membrane extends the triple‐phase boundary from conventional 2D contact to 3D contact, promotes the transfer rates of the cascade reactants, enhances the proximity of PB, GOx, and the electrode, and achieves in–situ removal of interferents, thereby elevating the utilization of PB, enhancing the cascade reaction efficiency, increasing the availability of the electroactive hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and improving its stability. It exhibits superior sensitivity (31.2 µA mM−1) and long‐term stability in continuous glucose monitoring with a negligible response drift for up to 8 h. In addition, the multienzyme mimic functions of PB are employed to imitate the “loosening‐degradation” membrane cleaning process via bubble scrubbing and Fenton oxidation, thereby fully regenerating the fouled biosensing membrane. This work provides a novel design strategy for biosensors toward efficient, reliable, and stable sensing.
Innovations in the Solid‐State Fluorescence of Carbon Dots: Strategies, Optical Manipulations, and Applications
Authors: Wang Haolin , Ai Lin , Song Haoqiang , Song Ziqi , Yong Xue , Qu Songnan , Lu Siyu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCarbon dots (CDs)—carbon nanoparticles smaller than 10 nm—have attracted widespread attention owing to their excellent optical properties. However, high‐performing CDs often suffer from severe aggregation‐induced quenching in the solid state, which limits their commercial applicability. Therefore, CD materials with efficient solid‐state luminescence are sought. As research on the structure and photoluminescence mechanisms of CDs has intensified in recent years, strategies to construct fluorescent solid‐state CD materials and tune their emissions have broadened. This article reviews recent advances in the strategies and mechanisms for attaining solid‐state fluorescence in CDs, describes specific ways to tune the optical properties of this fluorescence, introduces the latest applications of the resulting CDs to optoelectronics, biology, and sensing, and finally considers the prospects for future application and current challenges facing the development of solid‐state fluorescence in CDs.
Drug‐Eluting Porous Embolic Microspheres for Trans‐Arterial Delivery of Dual Synergistic Anticancer Therapy for the Treatment of Liver Cancer
Authors: Amoyav Benzion , Bloom Allan I. , Goldstein Yoel , Miller Rafael , Sharam Mariana , Fluksman Arnon , Benny Ofra 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBlockage of blood supply while administering chemotherapy to tumors, using trans‐arterial chemoembolization (TACE), is the most common treatment for intermediate and advanced‐stage unresectable Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, HCC is characterized by a poor prognosis and high recurrence rates (≈30%), partly due to a hypoxic pro‐angiogenic and pro‐cancerous microenvironment. This study investigates how modifying tissue stress while improving drug exposure in target organs may maximize the therapeutic outcomes. Porous degradable polymeric microspheres (MS) are designed to obtain a gradual occlusion of the hepatic artery that nourishes the liver, while enabling efficient drug perfusion to the tumor site. The fabricated porous MS are introduced intrahepatically and designed to release a combination therapy of Doxorubicin (DOX) and Tirapazamine (TPZ), which is a hypoxia‐activated prodrug. Liver cancer cell lines that are treated with the combination therapy under hypoxia reveal a synergic anti‐proliferation effect. An orthotopic liver cancer model, based on N1‐S1 hepatoma in rats, is used for the efficacy, biodistribution, and safety studies. Porous DOX‐TPZ MS are very effective in suppressing tumor growth in rats, and induction tissue necrosis is associated with high intratumor drug concentrations. Porous particles without drugs show some advantages over nonporous particles, suggesting that morphology may affect the treatment outcomes.
Recent Advances in the Direct Synthesis of Sulfur‐Containing Organophosphorus Compounds via Radical Processes
Authors: Liu Xiaofang , Zhou Lijun , Yang Ruchun , Song Xian‐Rong , Xiao Qiang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPhosphonothioates, phosphinothioates and phosphorothioates are regarded as an important class of sulfur‐containing organophosphorus compounds. Because of the unique P(O)S−R group, these compounds have important biological activities and thus have been widely used in the fields of pharmaceuticals and pesticides. In recent years, the development of sulfur‐containing organophosphorus compounds by radical processes has attracted considerable attention in organophosphorus chemistry. Along these lines, in this review, the recent advances in the synthesis of sulfur‐containing organophosphorus compounds were systematically summarized. According to the different ways of generating radicals during the formation process of phosphonothioates, phosphinothioates and phosphorothioates, these transformations can be divided into four categories: (1) Oxidant or metal‐free promoted radical transformation to fabricate sulfur‐containing organophosphorus compounds; (2) Copper‐catalyzed radical transformation to produce sulfur‐containing organophosphorus compounds; (3) Photo‐induced radical transformation to prepare sulfur‐containing organophosphorus compounds; (4) Electro‐induced radical transformation to derive sulfur‐containing organophosphorus compounds.
Efficiency Boost of (Ag0.5,Cu0.5)(In1‐x,Gax)Se2 Thin Film Solar Cells by Using a Sequential Process: Effects of Ag‐Front Grading and Surface Phase Engineering
Authors: Tu Lung‐Hsin , Tran Ngoc Thanh Thuy , Lin Shih‐Kang , Lai Chih‐Huang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPost‐selenization‐fabricated (using elemental Se vapor) Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cell efficiency is limited by a low open‐circuit voltage, which is attributable to the Ga‐deficient surface and insufficient grain growth. In this study, a band‐grading structure is demonstrated by combining Ag‐front and Ga‐back grading in selenized (Ag,Cu)(In,Ga)Se2 (ACIGSe) absorbers with a properly designed precursor structure (Mo/CuGa/In/AgGa) and high Ag content ([Ag]/([Ag]+[Cu]) = 0.5). The phase evolution during post‐selenization reveals that the precursor structure suppresses Ag2Se formation and promotes the ACIGSe phase formed at a low temperature with enhanced grain growth. A widened surface bandgap by Ag‐front grading substantially increases the open‐circuit voltage. Furthermore, Ag addition promotes ordered vacancy compound (OVC) formation on the front surface to enlarge the valence band offset, which in turn reduces interface recombination. Furthermore, the OVC phase also assists interface passivation. Promoting surface OVC phase by Ag addition is also validated by first‐principles calculations. Furthermore, the K‐doped CuGa precursor is used for a ACIGSe absorber to address the significantly reduced carrier density by the Ag addition. With a band‐grading structure and surface OVC phase, the superior device achieves an efficiency of > 19%, the highest efficiency by post‐selenization with an elemental Se source.
Crop and soil productivity of a rice‐green gram system under integrative nutrient management
Authors: Mangaraj Satyabrata , Paikaray Rabindra Kumar , Garnayak Lalita Mohan , Behera Stuti Debapriya , Patra Bishnupriya , Sethi Debadatta , Pradhan Shriram Ratan , Jena Rupak 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA field study was conducted at the Instructional Farm, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, on exploring productivity and soil quality of aromatic rice‐green gram system by dual influence of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients. Among integrated nutrient management practices, 50% NPK + 50% recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN)‐farm yard manure (FYM) to rice produced the highest grain yield (3875 kg ha−1) followed by 75% NPK+ green manure (GM; 3489 kg ha−1). Likewise, residual effect of 50% NPK + 50% RDN‐FYM to rice and application of 75% NPK+ Rhizobium+ phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) to green gram produced the highest seed yield of green gram (812 kg ha−1).Combined application of 50% NPK+ 50% RDN− FYM to rice and 75% NPK + Rhizobium+ PSB to green gram resulted in significantly (p = 0.05) higher system rice equivalent yield (6521 kg ha−1) and production efficiency (31.2 kg ha−1 day−1) while increasing the nutrient uptake of short grain aromatic rice‐green gram system. The highest PFPN (132.7 ± 12.4 kg kg−1) and nitrogen uptake efficiency (0.73 ± 0.06 kg kg−1) were also recorded due to the application of 50% NPK+ 50% RDN‐FYM to rice and 75% NPK + Rhizobium + PSB to green gram (99.0 ± 26.3 kg kg−1, 0.61 ± 0.01 kg kg−1, 1.32 ± 0.40, and 19.5 ± 2.9, respectively). Application of 75% NPK+ GM to rice and 75% NPK + Rhizobium + PSB to green gram significantly (p = 0.05) increased soil organic carbon, available N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu as well as microbial status of soil.