bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Jugend forscht: Wie beeinflussen chirurgische und FFP2-Masken die physiologischen Parameter bei Kindern und Jugendlichen?
Authors: Happernegg Ramona , Kerbl Reinhold 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungIn den letzten Jahren beschäftigte SARS-CoV-2 die gesamte Bevölkerung weltweit. Vor allem die Jüngsten traf die Pandemie mit voller Härte, besonders, weil sie die Geschehnisse noch nicht richtig einordnen können. Die Maskenpflicht stellte dabei keine Ausnahme dar, da auch Schulkinder davon nicht ausgeschlossen waren. Durch diese Forschungsarbeit sollte zumindest die Frage, ob sich eine Maskenpflicht negativ auf physiologische Vorgänge in Kindern und Jugendlichen auswirkt, betrachtet und geklärt werden. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigten beim Tragen einer FFP2- oder chirurgischen Maske eine signifikante Erhöhung der inspiratorischen und exspiratorischen CO2-Werte. Alle anderen gemessenen Parameter zeigten sich weitgehend unbeeinflusst. Aufgrund dieser Ergebnisse sind wir zu dem Schluss gekommen, dass das Tragen einer FFP2- oder chirurgischen Maske keinen gesundheitlichen Nachteil für die Kinder und Jugendlichen aufweist.
Measuring instantaneous angular speed using a gear wheel as material measure to detect pitting damage during an endurance test
Authors: Koch Yanik , Hirschmann Julian , Kirchner Eckhard 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGearbox condition monitoring is mostly carried out using accelerometers at the housing. The long transfer path interferes with the information on damaged gears. Therefore, new technologies such as measuring the instantaneous angular speed (IAS) are gaining interest. But these require constructive changes in the power-transmitting elements. Therefore, this contribution uses magnetoresistive (MR) sensors and a minimally invasive integration approach to measure IAS. Three sensor classes are integrated: accelerometers at the gearbox housing, MR sensors, which use a gear wheel as a material measure and MR sensors, which use an encoder magnet at the end of the shaft. These sensor concepts are introduced by Koch et al. 2022 [1] and applied to a 3-stage bevel helical gearbox in this contribution. The first results are on artificial tooth flank damage. Therefore, this contribution focuses on real fatigue pitting damage.A back-to-back test stand is set up for the endurance test. The tests are carried out with an overload load at a constant speed to generate fatigue pitting damage. The results are evaluated in the frequency domain by exploring the gear mesh frequency (GMF) and sidebands modulated with the shaft frequency of the damaged pinion. Results show that with all sensor concepts, the damages can be detected. Influences when using a gear wheel as a material measure are described for one measurement concept. A feature to compare the damage-specific information over the endurance test is introduced and the influence of the transfer path is evaluated through analysis of the relative rise of damage-specific amplitudes.
A preconditioned iterative interior point approach to the conic bundle subproblem
Authors: Helmberg Christoph 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe conic bundle implementation of the spectral bundle method for large scale semidefinite programming solves in each iteration a semidefinite quadratic subproblem by an interior point approach. For larger cutting model sizes the limiting operation is collecting and factorizing a Schur complement of the primal-dual KKT system. We explore possibilities to improve on this by an iterative approach that exploits structural low rank properties. Two preconditioning approaches are proposed and analyzed. Both might be of interest for rank structured positive definite systems in general. The first employs projections onto random subspaces, the second projects onto a subspace that is chosen deterministically based on structural interior point properties. For both approaches theoretic bounds are derived for the associated condition number. In the instances tested the deterministic preconditioner provides surprisingly efficient control on the actual condition number. The results suggest that for large scale instances the iterative solver is usually the better choice if precision requirements are moderate or if the size of the Schur complemented system clearly exceeds the active dimension within the subspace giving rise to the cutting model of the bundle method.
A Multiple Interactive Continua Model (MINC) to Simulate Reactive Mass Transport in a Post-Mining Coal Zone: A Case Study of the Ibbenbüren Westfield
Authors: Bedoya-Gonzalez Diego , Kessler Timo , Rinder Thomas , Hilberg Sylke , Szabó-Krausz Zsuzsanna , Schafmeister Maria-Theresia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe tested the suitability of the multiple interactive continua approach (MINC) to simulate reactive mass transport in a disturbed post-mining coal zone. To the authors’ knowledge, this approach has not been employed in such mining settings despite its relative success in other environmental fields. To this end, TOUGHREACT software was used to set up a MINC model of the unsaturated overburden of the Ibbenbüren Westfield. With it, we examined and evaluated water–rock interactions in both the fractured and porous continua as the main driver of elevated hydrogen, iron, sulfate, and chloride concentrations in the coal mine groundwater. Long and seasonal geochemical signatures were obtained by formulating and applying a five-stage modelling process that depicts the mining history of the area. The simulation results agree well with the concentrations and discharge trends measured in the mine drainage. Oxygen and meteoric water flow through the fractured continuum, leading to a high and steady release of hydrogen, iron, and sulfate ions derived from pyrite oxidation in the matrix continua closest to the fractures. Likewise, high chloride concentrations resulted from the mixing and gradual release of relatively immobile solutes in the matrix as they interacted with percolating water in the fracture. In both cases, the use of a multiple continua approach was essential to resolve sharp gradients for advection and faster kinetic reactions, while reducing the model’s dependence on block size for diffusive transport at the fracture–matrix interface. The model further allows for the calculation and analysis of solute exchange and transport in the unsaturated overburden resulting from rebound and imbibition processes, something pioneering when compared to other models in the field.
Lessons Learned in Change Management in Deploying Novel Informatics Solutions: Experience Implementing a Point-of-Care Patient Photography System with Radiography
Authors: Wick Carson A. , Tridandapani Srini , Heilbrun Marta E. , Hanna Tarek , Safdar Nabile , Bhatti Pamela 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe describe implementation of a point-of-care system for simultaneous acquisition of patient photographs along with portable radiographs at a large academic hospital. During the implementation process, we observed several technical challenges in the areas of (1) hardware—automatic triggering for photograph acquisition, camera hardware enclosure, networking, and system server hardware and (2) software—post-processing of photographs. Additionally, we also faced cultural challenges involving workflow issues, communication with technologists and users, and system maintenance. We describe our solutions to address these challenges. We anticipate that these experiences will provide useful insights into deploying and iterating new technologies in imaging informatics.
Role of the STAT3/survivin signaling pathway in the EML4-ALK-positive lung adenocarcinoma cell line H2228 before and after crizotinib-induced resistance ⁎
Authors: Peng Haiyan , Zhao Wenhua , Su Cuiyun , Song Xiangqun , Zeng Aiping , Wang Huilin , Ning Ruiling , Zhou Shaozhang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
This study investigated the role of the STAT3/survivin signaling pathway in the EML4-ALKpositive lung adenocarcinoma cell line H2228 before and after crizotinib-induced resistance. The mechanism of resistance was studied.

Methods
Cell viability was determined using the MTT assay. Crizotinib-induced apoptosis in H2228 and H2228 crizotinib-resistant cells treated with the indicated doses of crizotinib was measured at different times (24 h, 48 h, 72 h) using flow cytometry. The levels of p-ALK, ALK, p-STAT3, STAT3, and survivin after treatment of cells with 0, 0.3, and 1 μM crizotinib for 72 h were determined using Western blot analysis. DNA sequencing was used to identify mutations in H2228 crizotinib-resistant cells. Results The crizotinib IC50 values in H2228 and H2228 crizotinib-resistant cells at 72 h were 334.5 nM and 3418 nM, respectively. The resistance index of H2228 crizotinib-resistant cells was 10.20. Crizotinib induced apoptosis in H2228 cells and reduced the levels of p-ALK, p-STAT3, and survivin. In contrast, no changes in the levels of p-ALK, p-STAT3, and survivin were observed in H2228 crizotinib-resistant cells. The mutations 2067G→A and 2182G→C in EML4-ALK were present in the H2228 crizotinib-resistant cells.

Conclusion
Crizotinib decreased the viability of H2228 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In the STAT3/survivin pathway, downregulation of p-ALK, p-STAT3, and survivin might contribute to crizotinib-induced apoptosis in H2228 cells. However, the STAT3/survivin pathway in H2228 crizotinib-resistant
cells was unaffected by crizotinib treatment. Acquired resistance in H2228 cells might be related to ALK mutations.
Anti-angiogenesis therapy for lung cancer: the shore and the other shore ⁎
Authors: Zhang Shuang , Liu Jingjing , Li Hui , Cheng Ying 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Angiogenesis is known to be an important event in tumor growth. In preclinical and clinical researches, anti-angiogenesis therapy has made great progress, but there are still many problems for future anti-angiogenesis therapy. Here, we review recently completed clinical trials of emerging antiangiogenic agents in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and discuss the challenges of anti-angiogenic therapy.
Dosimetric analysis of tomotherapy-based intensity-modulated radiotherapy with and without bone marrow sparing for the treatment of cervical cancer ⁎
Authors: Zhang Fuli , Xu Weidong , Jiang Huayong , Wang Yadi , Gao Junmao , Liu Qingzhi , Lu Na , Chen Diandian , Yao Bo , Chen Jianping , He Heliang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
The aim of the study was to compare tomotherapy-based bone marrow-sparing intensity-modulated radiotherapy (BMS-IMRT) with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) without entering the pelvic bone marrow as a planning constraint in the treatment of cervical cancer after hysterectomy.

Methods
BMS-IMRT and IMRT plans were designed for a cohort of nine patients. The prescribed dose was 45 Gy in 1.8 Gy daily fractions, and 95% of the planned target volume received this dose. The doses were computed using a commercially available treatment planning system with the convolution/superposition algorithm. Plans were compared according to dose-volume histogram analysis in terms of planning target volume homogeneity and conformity indices (HI and CI) as well as organ at risk dose and volume parameters.

Results
BMS-IMRT had advantages over IMRT in terms of CI, but was equivalent to the latter in HI. V5, V10, V20, V30, and V40 of pelvic bone marrow in BMS-IMRT decreased by 0.06%, 17.33%, 22.19%, 13.85%, and 16.46%, respectively, compared with IMRT. Except for V30 of the small bowel and V30 and V40 of the bladder, no statistically significant differences were found between BMS-IMRT and IMRT in the small bowel, bladder, and rectum.

Conclusion
For cervical cancer patients receiving tomotherapy-based radiotherapy after hysterectomy, BMS-IMRT reduced pelvic bone marrow volume receiving low-dose radiation, and it may be conducive to preventing acute hematologic toxicity.
Advances in the management of acquired resistance to EGFR-TKI in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhou Fei , Zhou Caicun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Drugs that specifically target the tyrosine kinase domain of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), such as erlotinib or gefitinib, have exhibited striking efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harboring activating EGFR mutations. However, acquired resistance inevitably develops and remains a serious barrier for the successful management of patients with this disease. Multiple mechanisms are reportedly involved in the process of acquired resistance, which provide new insights into the management of EGFRtyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) resistance. Here, we provide an overview of the emerging treatment approaches for patients with EGFR-TKI resistance.
Influence of tumor response on the survival of patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer treated with the etoposide plus cisplatin chemotherapy regimen ⁎
Authors: Zhang Guojing , Liu Yongye , Lin Chao , Guo Jianfei , Xu Long , Liu Junling , Piao Ying , Zhang Guanzhong , Liu Yuhui , Han Yaling , Xie Xiaodong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
In this study, we evaluated the difference of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) between extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) patients who acquired partial response (PR) or complete remission (CR) after two cycles of first-line chemotherapy with the etoposide plus cisplatin (EP) regimen and those who acquired PR or CR after four or six cycles.

Methods
A total of 106 eligible patients treated with the EP chemotherapy regimen for two to six cycles, at The General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region (China) between November 2004 and May 2011, were enrolled in this study. RECIST version 1.1 was used for the evaluation of chemotherapy efficiency. We followed up all eligible patients every 4 weeks. All statistical data were analyzed by using SPSS 21.0 statistical package for Windows. Results After a median follow-up of 293 days (range, 62-1531 days), all patients had died by the cutoff date. Fifty-one patients acquired PR or CR after two cycles of chemotherapy; the median PFS reached 6.0 months (95% CI, 5.1-6.9), and the median OS was 10.5 months (95% CI, 8.6-12.4). Twenty-eight patients acquired PR or CR after four or six cycles; the median PFS was 4.8 months (95% CI, 4.4-5.2), and the median OS was 7.5 months (95% CI, 6.8-8.2). Both PFS and OS showed a statistical difference between the two groups.

Conclusion
ES-SCLC patients who acquired PR or CR after two cycles of the EP regimen as first-line therapy had longer PFS and OS than those who acquired PR or CR after four or six cycles.
Analysis of the effect of medical insurance on cancer inpatients: A 10-year retrospective study on a large hospital in Northeast China ⁎
Authors: Zheng Zhendong , Wang Lu , Fu Quanwei , Han Tao , Xie Xiaodong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
The aim of the study was to analyze hospital costs for cancer inpatients availing different methods of payment and the influencing factors, to provide inputs to improve the medical insurance payment policy.

Methods
We analyzed the information related to length of hospital stay, hospitalization cost, and self-pay cost, collected from one large-scale, Grade A, Class Three hospital in Shenyang, China, during 2004-2013.

Results
The number of cancer inpatients with different payment types (medical insurance group and non-medical insurance group) presented a rising trend. Further, the ratio of medical insurance inpatients increased rapidly (from 22.2% to 48.7%); however, this group was still a minority. The length of hospital stay became shorter (21 d vs. 17 d; P = 0.000) while the gap got narrower; the hospitalized expense showed an upward trend and the difference was remarkable (¥24048.6 ± ¥4376.28 vs. ¥20544.36 ± ¥4057.01; P = 0.000).

Conclusion
Along with normalization of cancer therapy, the influence of payment on treatment has been getting weak, the policy has impact on controlling hospitalization cost, lightening burden of cancer patient, as well as allocating medical resources in a reasonable way, becoming an important defray pattern of hospitalization cost.
Human papillomavirus-associated diseases and cancers ⁎
Authors: Yang Lan , Zhu Jianbo , Song Xiaoyue , Qi Yan , Cui Xiaobin , Li Feng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) have been detected in cervical cancer cells and skin papilloma cells, which have a variety of types, including low-risk and high-risk types. HPV genome replication requires the host cell’s DNA synthesis machinery, and HPVs encode proteins that maintain differentiated epithelial cells in a replication-competent state. HPV types are tissue-specific and generally produce different types of lesions, either benign or malignant. This review examines different HPV types and their associated diseases and presents therapeutic options for the treatment of HPV-positive diseases.
Epidermal growth factor enhances chemosensitivity of colon cancer by inducing cancer stem cells to enter the cell cycle
Authors: Zou You , Li Xiaolan , Tao Deding , Hu Junbo , Gong Jianping 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
The aim of the study was to investigate whether colon cancer stem cells induced by epidermal growth factor (EGF) to enter the cell cycle enhanced the chemosensitivity of colon cancer.

Methods

In vitro, EGF was used to stimulate the entry of human colon cancer HCT116 cells into the cell cycle. Before and after treatment with EGF, CD133+ HCT116 cells were collected and flow cytometry was conducted to determine the apoptosis rate based on the 5-Fu and Ki-67 expression rates. The cell cycle distribution of the two groups was also determined. In vivo, a subcutaneous xenograft model of HCT116 human colon cancer cell lines in nude mice was established. The nude mice were divided into two groups and treated with EGF and 5-Fu, respectively. Differences in the growth of implanted tumors revealed the efficiency of cycle-induction combined chemotherapy.

Results
(1) After EGF stimulation, the S-G2/M proportion of CD133+ HCT116 cells and Ki67 expression were increased, indicating that more cancer stem cells entered the cell cycle and promoted proliferation; (2) After EGF stimulation, CD133+ HCT116 cells showed a higher apoptosis rate induced by 5-Fu. (3) Animal experiments showed that the group subjected to combined treatment with EGF and 5-Fu had smaller tumor sizes compared to the group treated with 5-Fu alone.

Conclusion
EGF enhanced tumor sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs, likely by promoting tumor stem cells to enter the cell cycle.
Advanced duodenal carcinoma: Chemotherapy efficacy and analysis of prognostic factors
Authors: Liu Junbao , Cui Chengxu , Yuan Lifang , Wang Jinwan , Shi Shuping , Shao Zhujun , Tang Haijian , Yang Tingting , Gao Chunhui , Wang Nan , Liu Wei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to determine the efficacy of chemotherapy and to identify potential chemotherapy agents to treat advanced primary duodenal carcinoma (PDC).

Methods
Seventy-three patients with advanced PDC were included in the study. Response rate (RR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and prognosis were compared among patients using the Cox proportional hazards model.

Results
The overall RR and DCR of 52 patients were 21.15% and 69.23%, respectively. The median PFS and OS times were 4.51 and 11.47 months, respectively. Palliative chemotherapy improved the OS of patients with advanced PDC compared with patients who did not receive chemotherapy (14.28 months vs. 5.20 months, HR = 0.205, 95% CI: 0.077 to 0.547, P = 0.0016). Multivariate analysis indicated mucinous histology and liver metastasis as factors predictive of poor prognosis in patients with advanced PDC.

Conclusion
Palliative chemotherapy may improve the OS of patients with advanced PDC. Mucinous histology and liver metastasis were the main prognostic factors in patients with advanced PDC.
Pathological characteristics and immunophenotype analysis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
Authors: Li Yingying , Wang Sunan , Wang Yangkun , Zeng Xingzhen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
To explore the clinical pathological features and immunophenotypes of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN).

Methods
The protein expression of p16, p53, Bcl-2, and c-erbB-2 in 59 cases of CIN, 20 cases of cervical squamous cell carcinoma, and 20 cases of normal cervical tissues were tested using immunohistochemistry staining.

Results
The expression rates of p16, p53, Bcl-2, and c-erbB-2 in CIN tissues were 76.3% (45/59), 28.85 (17/59), 61.0% (36/59), and 40.0% (23/59), respectively. The expression rates of p16, p53, Bcl-2, and c-erbB-2 in cervical squamous cell carcinoma tissues were 60.0% (12/20), 60.0% (12/20), 75.0% (15/20), and 65.0% (13/20), respectively. The expression rates of p16, p53, Bcl-2, and c-erbB-2 in normal cervical tissues were 0.0% (0/20), 0.0% (0/20), 35.0% (7/20), 0.0% (0/20), respectively. In comparison to normal tissues, the differential expressions of p16, p53, and Bcl-2 in squamous cell carcinoma and CIN were statistically significant (P <0.001), whereas the difference between the squamous cell carcinoma and CIN was not significant (P >0.05). In comparison to normal tissues, the differential expressions of c-erbB-2 and p53 in squamous cell carcinoma and CIN were statistically significant (P >0.05). The differential expressions of Bcl-2, c-erbB-2, and p53 in CIN 3 were statistically significant in comparison to CIN 1 and CIN 2 (P <0.05).

Conclusion
Overexpression of Bcl-2 occurs early in the development of cervical cancer, whereas p16 and c-erbB-2 overexpression are markers for cell malignancy. The expression of p53 is correlated with the development of cervical cancer.
Prognostic factors for the survival of 66 cases with extensive stage-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Cao Heng , Hong Yonggui , Zhao Shouran , Wang Nengchao , Zhou Fuyou , Xie Xiaodong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
The objective of this retrospective study was to investigate the prognostic factors associated with survival among patients with extensive stage-small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC).

Methods
Clinical data from 66 patients with ES-SCLC diagnosed via histopathology or cytology between July 2005 and July 2009 at Anyang Tumor Hospital (China) were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate Kaplan-Meier, log-rank, and Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were conducted.

Results
The 12-, 24-, and 36-month survival rates among patients with ES-SCLC were 40.9%, 13.6%, and 6.1%, respectively. The median survival time (MST) was 10 months. Univariate analyses indicated that weight loss, efficacy of first-line chemotherapy, total number of chemotherapy cycles, treatment method, and serum sodium levels significantly influenced survival among patients with ES-SCLC. Multivariate analyses suggested that the efficacy of first-line chemotherapy, total number of chemotherapy cycles, and serum sodium levels were independent prognostic factors associated with survival.

Conclusion
The efficacy of first-line chemotherapy, total number of chemotherapy cycles, and serum sodium levels are important prognostic factors for patients with ES-SCLC.