bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Updated severity and prognosis score of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis: A multi-center cohort study in China
Authors: Bai Jiu-Wu , Huang Jian-nan , Shi Shen-yun , Ge Ai , Lu Hai-wen , Sun Xiao-li , Gu Shu-yi , Liang Shuo , Cheng Ke-bin , Tian Xin-lun , Xiao Yong-long , Xu Kai-feng , Xu Jin-Fu 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundThe high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) score is an important component of the severity and prognosis score of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (SPSP). However, the HRCT score in SPSP only considers the extent of opacity, which is insufficient.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated HRCT scores for 231 patients with autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (APAP) from three centers of the China Alliance for Rare Diseases. The SPSPII was created based on the overall density and extent, incorporating the SPSP. The severity of APAP patients was assessed using disease severity scores (DSS), SPSP, and SPSPII to determine the strengths and weaknesses of the different assessment methods. We then prospectively applied the SPSPII to patients before treatment, and the curative effect was assessed after 3 months.ResultsThe HRCT overall density and extent scores in our retrospective analysis were higher than the extent scores in all patients and every original extent score severity group, as well as higher related to arterial partial oxygen pressure (PaO2) than extent scores. The mild patients accounted for 61.9% based on DSS 1–2, 20.3% based on SPSP 1–3, and 20.8% based on SPSPII 1–3. Based on SPSP or SPSPII, the number of severe patients deteriorating was higher in the mild and moderate groups. When applied prospectively, arterial PaO2 differed between any two SPSPII severity groups. The alveolar-arterial gradient in PaO2 (P[A-a]O2), % predicted carbon monoxide diffusing capacity of the lung (DLCO), and HRCT score were higher in the severe group than in the mild and moderate groups. After diagnosis, mild patients received symptomatic treatment, moderate patients received pure whole lung lavage (WLL) or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) therapy, and severe patients received WLL and GM-CSF therapy. Importantly, the SPSPII in mild and severe groups were lower than baseline after 3 months.ConclusionThe HRCT density and extent scores of patients with APAP were better than the extent score. The SPSPII score system based on smoking status, symptoms, PaO2, predicted DLCO, and overall HRCT score was better than DSS and SPSP for assessing the severity and efficacy and predicting the prognosis.Trial registrationClinicalTrial.gov, identifier: NCT04516577.
Potential environmental impacts of a plastic waste export ban in Germany
Authors: Strobel Ronja , Hagedorn Tabea , Lopes Alice do Carmo Precci 
Published: February 2023

Up to 800,000 t/a of plastic waste generated in Germany is exported, of which more than a quarter is packaging. However, a sustainable waste management system aims at treating waste under consideration of environmental benefits generation and the reduction of negative environmental impacts. Thus, this brief research deals with the question to what extent negative environmental impacts could be avoided by an export ban. Further, this brief research serves as a preliminary basis for further discussions and studies in the field of the plastic export ban. Two scenarios were developed based on expert interviews to estimate alternative management for the otherwise exported plastic waste generated in Germany. A consequential life cycle assessment (LCA) was carried out to look into the possible Global Warming Potential changes of such scenarios compared to the current situation scenario. The LCA showed that an export ban in Germany offers the possibility of avoiding up to 80 CO2-equivalent per ton of exported packaging plastic. However, this would be only possible if most of the plastic packaging that is no longer exported is recycled and not burned for energy production in the case of Germany.
Study of gray matter atrophy pattern with subcortical ischemic vascular disease-vascular cognitive impairment no dementia based on structural magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Tan Lin , Xing Jian , Wang Zhenqi , Du Xiao , Luo Ruidi , Wang Jianhang , Zhao Jinyi , Zhao Weina , Yin Changhao 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveThis study explored the structural imaging changes in patients with subcortical ischemic vascular disease (SIVD)-vascular cognitive impairment no dementia (VCIND) and the correlation between the changes in gray matter volume and the field of cognitive impairment to provide new targets for early diagnosis and treatment.MethodsOur study included 15 patients with SIVD-normal cognitive impairment (SIVD-NCI), 63 with SIVD-VCIND, 26 with SIVD-vascular dementia (SIVD-VD), and 14 normal controls (NC). T1-weighted images of all participants were collected, and DPABI and SPM12 software were used to process the gray matter of the four groups based on voxels. Fisher’s exact test, one-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to evaluate all clinical and demographic data and compare the characteristics of diencephalic gray matter atrophy in each group. Finally, the region of interest (ROI) of the SIVD-VCIND was extracted, and Pearson correlation analysis was performed between the ROI and the results of the neuropsychological scale.ResultsCompared to the NC, changes in gray matter atrophy were observed in the bilateral orbitofrontal gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, and precuneus in the SIVD-VCIND. Gray matter atrophy was observed in the left cerebellar region 6, cerebellar crural region 1, bilateral thalamus, right precuneus, and calcarine in the SIVD-VD. Compared with the SIVD-VCIND, gray matter atrophy changes were observed in the bilateral thalamus in the SIVD-VD (p &lt; 0.05, family-wise error corrected). In the SIVD-VCIND, the total gray matter volume, bilateral medial orbital superior frontal gyrus, right superior temporal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, and precuneus were positively correlated with Boston Naming Test score, whereas the total gray matter volume, right superior temporal gyrus, and middle temporal gyrus were positively correlated with overall cognition.ConclusionStructural magnetic resonance imaging can detect extensive and subtle structural changes in the gray matter of patients with SIVD-VCIND and SIVD-VD, providing valuable evidences to explain the pathogenesis of subcortical vascular cognitive impairment and contributing to the early diagnosis of SIVD-VCIND and early warning of SIVD-VD.
A Network approach to find poor orthostatic tolerance by simple tilt maneuvers
Authors: Karemaker John M. 
Published: February 2023

The approach introduced by Network Physiology intends to find and quantify connectedness between close- and far related aspects of a person’s Physiome. In this study I applied a Network-inspired analysis to a set of measurement data that had been assembled to detect prospective orthostatic intolerant subjects among people who were destined to go into Space for a two weeks mission. The advantage of this approach being that it is essentially model-free: no complex physiological model is required to interpret the data. This type of analysis is essentially applicable to many datasets where individuals must be found that “stand out from the crowd”. The dataset consists of physiological variables measured in 22 participants (4f/18 m; 12 prospective astronauts/cosmonauts, 10 healthy controls), in supine, + 30° and + 70° upright tilted positions. Steady state values of finger blood pressure and derived thereof: mean arterial pressure, heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, systemic vascular resistance; middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity and end-tidal pCO2 in tilted position were (%)-normalized for each participant to the supine position. This yielded averaged responses for each variable, with statistical spread. All variables i.e., the “average person’s response” and a set of %-values defining each participant are presented as radar plots to make each ensemble transparent. Multivariate analysis for all values resulted in obvious dependencies and some unexpected ones. Most interesting is how individual participants maintained their blood pressure and brain blood flow. In fact, 13/22 participants had all normalized Δ-values (i.e., the deviation from the group average, normalized for the standard deviation), both for +30° and +70°, within the 95% range. The remaining group demonstrated miscellaneous response patterns, with one or more larger Δ-values, however of no consequence for orthostasis. The values from one prospective cosmonaut stood out as suspect. However, early morning standing blood pressure within 12 h after return to Earth (without volume repletion) demonstrated no syncope. This study demonstrates an integrative way to model-free assess a large dataset, applying multivariate analysis and common sense derived from textbook physiology.
Physical inactivity before stroke is associated with dependency in basic activities of daily living 3 months after stroke
Authors: Susts Jevgenijs , Reinholdsson Malin , Sunnerhagen Katharina Stibrant , Abzhandadze Tamar 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundPhysical inactivity is a leading risk factor for non-communicable diseases, including stroke. Moreover, physical inactivity before stroke is associated with stroke severity, which, in turn, can cause disability. However, it remains unclear whether physical inactivity before stroke is associated with dependency in basic activities of daily living (ADL).AimThe aim of this study was to evaluate whether physical inactivity before stroke influences ADL dependency 3 months after stroke.MethodsThis longitudinal study was based on data from three Swedish registries. Patients with acute stroke who were admitted to the Sahlgrenska University Hospital between 9 November 2014 and 30 June 2019 were included in the study. Baseline data were collected from the three stroke units, and self-reported questionnaires were used to collect 3-month follow-up data. Physical inactivity before stroke was the primary independent variable that was self-reported using the Saltin–Grimby physical activity level scale. ADL dependency was a composite measure of three tasks: mobility, dressing, and toilet use. A binary logistic regression analysis was used to explain the association between physical inactivity before stroke and basic ADL 3 months after stroke.ResultsIn total, 3,472 patients were included in the study. The median age was 75 years, 49% of the patients were physically inactive before stroke, and 75% had a mild stroke. ADL dependency at follow-up was reported to be 32%. Physically inactive patients, compared with physically active patients, had 2.35 times higher odds for ADL dependency 3 months after stroke (odds ratio 2.30 [95% CI 1.89 – 2.80]). The model correctly classified 84% of the patients (the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.84 [95% CI, 0.83 – 0.86]).ConclusionThe findings of this study suggest that physical inactivity before stroke is associated with dependency in basic ADL 3 months after stroke. In addition, older age, female sex, pre-stroke living conditions, need for help, previous stroke, and admission stroke severity are significant contributors to dependency.
Prognostic value of inflammation biomarkers for 30-day mortality in critically ill patients with stroke
Authors: Zhao Jun , Feng Jinli , Ma Qian , Li Chunlin , Qiu Feng 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveTo explore the values of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil to albumin ratio (NAR), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), systemic immune inflammatory index (SII) and red cell distribution width to albumin ratio (RA) for evaluating the risk of 30-day mortality of ischemic stroke or hemorrhagic stroke patients.MethodsIn this cohort study, the data of 1,601 patients diagnosed with stroke were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC-III) database. Among them, 908 were hemorrhagic stroke patients and 693 were ischemic stroke patients. Demographic and clinical variables of patients were collected. Univariate and multivariable Cox regression were performed to evaluate the predictive values of NLR, PLR, SII, NAR, RA, and PNI for 30-day mortality in hemorrhagic stroke or ischemic stroke patients. The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to assess the predictive values of NLR, NAR, and RA for 30-day mortality of hemorrhagic stroke patients.ResultsAt the end of follow-up, 226 hemorrhagic stroke patients and 216 ischemic stroke patients died. The elevated NLR level was associated with increased risk of 30-day mortality in hemorrhagic stroke [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06–1.29]. The increased NAR level was associated with elevated risk of 30-day mortality in hemorrhagic stroke (HR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.02–1.30). The high RA level was linked with increased risk of 30-day mortality (HR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.23–1.69). No significant correlation was observed in these inflammation biomarkers with the risk of 30-day mortality in ischemic stroke patients. The area under the curves (AUCs) of NLR, RA, and NAR for evaluating the risk of 30-day mortality of hemorrhagic stroke patients were 0.552 (95% CI: 0.503–0.601), 0.644 (95% CI: 0.590–0.699) and 0.541 (95% CI: 0.490–0.592).ConclusionNLR, NAR, and RA were potential prognostic biomarkers for predicting 30-day mortality of hemorrhagic stroke patients, which might provide clinicians an easy and cheap way to quickly identify patients with high risk of mortality.
Effect of the one-day fasting on cortisol and DHEA daily rhythm regarding sex, chronotype, and age among obese adults
Authors: Marciniak Martyna , Sato Maki , Rutkowski Rafał , Zawada Agnieszka , Juchacz Aldona , Mahadea Dagmara , Grzymisławski Marian , Dobrowolska Agnieszka , Kawka Edyta , Korybalska Katarzyna , Bręborowicz Andrzej , Witowski Janusz , Kanikowska Dominika 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionPhysiological and biochemical processes in the human body occur in a specific order and show rhythmic variability. Time dependence characterizes the secretion of cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). One-day fasting implies alternating fasting days and eating days. The study aimed to determine how 24-h fasting affects the daily rhythm of cortisol and DHEA levels in obese people while taking into account gender and chronotype.MethodsForty-nine obese patients (BMI 32.2–67.1 kg/m2; 25 women and 24 men) underwent a 3-week hospital-controlled calorie restriction diet to reduce body weight. During hospitalization, patients fasted for 1 day, during which only water could be consumed. Samples of whole mixed unstimulated saliva were collected at 2–3-h intervals over a 64-h period and analyzed for cortisol and DHEA by immunoassays. The individual chronotypes were assessed by the morning and evening questionnaire, according to Horne and Östberg. Three components of daily rhythm were evaluated: amplitude, acrophase, and the so-called MESOR.ResultsCortisol rhythm showed differences in amplitude (p = 0.0127) and acrophase (p = 0.0005). The amplitude on the fasting day was 11% higher (p = 0.224) than the day after. The acrophase advanced on the day of fasting, 48 min earlier than the day before (p = 0.0064), and by 39 min to the day after fasting (p = 0.0005). In the rhythm of DHEA, differences were found in the MESOR (p = 0.0381). The MESOR on the fasting day increased.DiscussionOur results obtained during 64 consecutive hours of saliva sampling suggest that one-day fasting may affect three components of cortisol and DHEA daily rhythm. Additionally, no differences were found in the daily rhythm between the morning and evening chronotypes and between females and males. Although aging did not influence daily cortisol rhythm, DHEA amplitude, MESOR, and acrophase changed with age. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first presentation of changes in DHEA rhythm during one-day fasting.
A new intronic quantitative PCR method led to the discovery of transformation from human ascites to murine malignancy in a mouse model
Authors: Jin Jiankang , Huo Longfei , Fan Yibo , Wang Ruiping , Scott Ailing W. , Pizzi Melissa Pool , Yao Xiaodan , Shao Shan , Ma Lang , Da Silva Matheus S. , Yamashita Kohei , Yoshimura Katsuhiro , Zhang Boyu , Wu Jingjing , Wang Linghua , Song Shumei , Ajani Jaffer A. 
Published: February 2023

PurposeTo establish a fast and accurate detection method for interspecies contaminations in the patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models and cell lines, and to elucidate possible mechanisms if interspecies oncogenic transformation is detected.MethodsA fast and highly sensitive intronic qPCR method detecting Gapdh intronic genomic copies was developed to quantify if cells were human or murine or a mixture. By this method, we documented that murine stromal cells were abundant in the PDXs; we also authenticated our cell lines to be human or murine.ResultsIn one mouse model, GA0825-PDX transformed murine stromal cells into a malignant tumorigenic murine P0825 cell line. We traced the timeline of this transformation and discovered three subpopulations descended from the same GA0825-PDX model: epithelium-like human H0825, fibroblast-like murine M0825, and main passaged murine P0825 displayed differences in tumorigenic capability in vivo. P0825 was the most aggressive and H0825 was weakly tumorigenic. Immunofluorescence (IF) staining revealed that P0825 cells highly expressed several oncogenic and cancer stem cell markers. Whole exosome sequencing (WES) analysis revealed that TP53 mutation in the human ascites IP116-generated GA0825-PDX may have played a role in the human-to-murine oncogenic transformation.ConclusionThis intronic qPCR is able to quantify human/mouse genomic copies with high sensitivity and within a time frame of a few hours. We are the first to use intronic genomic qPCR for authentication and quantification of biosamples. Human ascites transformed murine stroma into malignancy in a PDX model.
Global scientific trends on matrix metalloproteinase and osteosarcoma: A bibliometric and visualized analysis
Authors: Wu Xin , Ma Shiwei , Wu Zhongguang , Zhao Qiangqiang 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify author, country, institutional, and journal collaborations and their impacts, assess the knowledge base, identify existing trends, and uncover emerging topics related to the role of Metalloproteinase in osteosarcoma.Methods945 Articles and reviews associated with the role of Metalloproteinase in osteosarcoma were obtained from the WoSCC and analyzed by Citespace and Vosviewer.ResultsThe main aspects of research on the role of MMP in OS are invasion and metastasis. The latest hotspots were found to be the mechanism of MMP promoting invasion and metastasis, lung metastasis, and antitumor activity. Notably, invasion, metastasis, and antitumor activity were potentially turning points in the MMP-OS field. In the future, the primary research hotspot in the field of MMP-OS may be to study the mechanism, explore their role in the OS lung metastasis, and determine their role in the cancer therapy process.ConclusionThis study thus offers a comprehensive overview of the MMP-OS-related field using bibliometrics and visual methods, which will provide a valuable reference for researchers interested in the field of MMP-OS.
Effect of optimal antenatal care on maternal and perinatal health in Ethiopia
Authors: Tesfay Neamin , Hailu Girmay , Woldeyohannes Fitsum 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionReceiving at least four antenatal care (ANC) visits have paramount importance on the health of mothers and perinates. In Ethiopia, several studies were conducted on ANC service utilization; however, limited studies quantified the effect of care on maternal and perinate health. In response to this gap, this study is conducted to quantify the effect of optimal ANC care (≥4 visits) on maternal and perinatal health among women who received optimal care in comparison to women who did not receive optimal care.MethodsThe study utilized the Ethiopian perinatal death surveillance and response (PDSR) system dataset. A total of 3,814 reviewed perinatal deaths were included in the study. Considering the nature of the data, preferential within propensity score matching (PWPSM) was performed to determine the effect of optimal ANC care on maternal and perinatal health. The effect of optimal care was reported using average treatment effects of the treated [ATT].ResultThe result revealed that optimal ANC care had a positive effect on reducing perinatal death, due to respiratory and cardiovascular disorders, [ATT = −0.015, 95%CI (−0.029 to −0.001)] and extending intrauterine life by one week [ATT = 1.277, 95%CI: (0.563–1.991)]. While it's effect on maternal health includes, avoiding the risk of having uterine rupture [ATT = −0.012, 95%CI: (−0.018 to −0.005)], improving the utilization of operative vaginal delivery (OVD) [ATT = 0.032, 95%CI: (0.001–0.062)] and avoiding delay to decide to seek care [ATT = −0.187, 95%CI: (−0.354 to −0.021)].ConclusionObtaining optimal ANC care has a positive effect on both maternal and perinatal health. Therefore, policies and interventions geared towards improving the coverage and quality of ANC services should be the top priority to maximize the benefit of the care.
Context-dependent effects of the CB1 receptor antagonist rimonabant on morphine-induced behavioral sensitization in female mice
Authors: Marinho Eduardo A. V. , Oliveira-Lima Alexandre Justo , Reis Henrique S. , Santos-Baldaia Renan , Wuo-Silva Raphael , Hollais Andre W. , Yokoyama Thais S. , Frussa-Filho Roberto , Berro Lais F. 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: The endocannabinoid system has been implicated in the neurobiology of opioid use disorder. While the CB1 receptor antagonist rimonabant has been shown to block some of the behavioral effects of opioids, studies suggest that the treatment environment (i.e., receiving treatment in the drug-associated environment, and/or novelty) can influence its effects. In the present study, we investigated the role of the treatment environment in the effects of rimonabant on the expression of morphine-induced behavioral sensitization.Methods: Adult female Swiss mice were submitted to a behavioral sensitization protocol, during which they received morphine (20 mg/kg, i.p.) in the open-field apparatus, and were subsequently treated with vehicle or rimonabant (1 or 10 mg/kg, i.p.) either in the open-field, in the home-cage or in an activity box (novel environment). The expression of conditioned locomotion (increased locomotor activity in the open-field apparatus in the absence of morphine) and of morphine-induced behavioral sensitization (increased locomotor activity in animals sensitized to morphine) was evaluated during asubsequent saline and morphine challenge, respectively.Results: Animals treated with morphine expressed behavioral sensitization, showing a significant increase in locomotor activity over time. Animals sensitized to morphine and treated with vehicle in the home-cage expressed conditioned locomotion, an effect that was blocked by home-cage treatment with rimonabant. During a saline challenge, only animals sensitized to morphine and treated with saline in the home-cage expressed morphine-induced conditioned locomotion. All morphine-treated animals that received saline during the treatment phase (control groups) expressed behavioral sensitization during the morphine challenge. Treatment with rimonabant in the open-field and in the activity box, but not in the home-cage, blocked the expression of morphine-induced behavioral sensitization.Discussion: Our findings suggest that CB1 receptor antagonism can modulate conditioned responses to morphine even when administered in the home-cage. However, exposure to the drug-associated environment or to a novel environment is necessary for the expression of rimonabant’s effects on morphine-induced behavioral sensitization during a morphine challenge.