bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Interplay of Diet, Genome, Metabolome, and Gut Microbiome in Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review
Authors: Mofrad Manije Darooghegi , Ahn Seoeun , Chun Ock K. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction/objective:
The responsiveness to dietary interventions is influenced
by complex, multifactorial interactions among genetics, diet, lifestyle, gut microbiome,
environmental factors, and clinical characteristics, such as the metabolic phenotype.
Detailed metabolic and microbial phenotyping using large human datasets is essential
for better understanding the link between diet, the gut microbiome, and host
metabolism in cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This review provides an overview of the
interplay between diet, genome, metabolome, and gut microbiome in CVD.

Methods:
A literature review was conducted using PubMed and Scopus databases to
identify pertinent cohort studies published between January 2022 and May 2024. This review
focused on English articles that assessed the interplay of diet, genome,
metabolome, and gut microbiome in relation to CVD in humans

Results:
This narrative review explored the role of single-omics technologies-genomics,
metabolomics, and the gut microbiome-and multi-omics approaches to understand the
molecular basis of the relationship between diet and CVD. Omics technologies enabled
the identification of new genes, metabolites, and molecular mechanisms related to the association
of diet and CVD. The integration of multiple omics approaches allows for
more detailed phenotyping, offering a broader perspective on how dietary factors influence
CVD.

Conclusion:
Omics approaches hold great potential for deciphering the intricate
crosstalk between diet, genome, gut microbiome, and metabolome, as well as their roles
in CVD. Although large-scale studies integrating multiple omics in CVD research are
still limited, notable progress has been made in uncovering molecular mechanisms. These
findings could guide the development of targeted dietary strategies and guidelines to
prevent CVD.
Bioactive Secondary Metabolites from Bauhinia variegata Linn. Roots:
Isolation, Characterization, and Cytotoxic Evaluation
Authors: Kamal Yousaf , Fatima Nighat , Mumtaz Amara , Shahzadi Irum , Mannan Abdul , Anaya-Eugenio Gerardo D. , Arellano Eric Daniel Salinas , Ahmed Madiha , Hussain Zahid , de Blanco Esperanza J. Carcache 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
This study aims to isolate and characterize potential cytotoxic compounds from the
roots of Bauhinia variegata Linn. (Caesalpiniaceae) and evaluate their activity against human cancer cell
lines. Five compounds, namely β-sitosterol (1), piperine (2), piperolein B (3), retrofractamide A (4), and dehydropipernonaline
(5), were isolated from B. variegata roots using various chromatographic procedures.

Methods:
The root extracts were prepared using aqueous and organic solvents, including n-hexane, ethyl acetate,
and methanol. The isolated compounds were subjected to a sulforhodamine B cytotoxicity assay against
DU-145 and PC-3 (prostate), HT-29 (colon), and MCF-7 (breast) human cancer cell lines. Among the isolates,
compound 5 exhibited significant bioactivity against all tested cell lines. Compound 4 demonstrated in vitro activity,
specifically against MCF-7 cancer cell lines.

Results:
Importantly, these compounds were identified for the first time from B. variegata roots. In conclusion,
this study highlights the enhanced spectrum of cytotoxic activity exhibited by the isolated compounds.
These findings encourage further investigation to elucidate the mechanism of action of these compounds
against the respective cell lines.

Conclusion:
The identification and characterization of these bioactive compounds contribute to the understanding
of the potential therapeutic applications of B. variegata in cancer treatment.
Unlocking Therapeutic Potential: Mesenchymal Stem Cells-derived Exosomes in IUA Treatment, Current Status and Perspectives
Authors: Rajabloo Yasamin , Al-Asady Abdulridha Mohammed , Avan Amir , Khazaei Majid , Ryzhikov Mikhail , Hassanian Seyed Mahdi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is a condition caused by damage to the basal uterine layer which can
lead to partial or full occlusion of the uterine cavity. Although traditional treatment options have been useful
in mild and moderate cases, they have been unsatisfactory in severe IUA cases. Therefore, it is essential to improve
the treatment strategies of IUA. Recent studies have demonstrated that Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)
exert their therapeutic effects via the paracrine secretion of several substances including extracellular vesicles
(EV) also called exosomes. MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) do not have the limitations of MSCs including
immunogenicity and tumorigenicity. However, exosomes have limitations in terms of identification, isolation,
purification, and origin. The clinical application of exosomes requires quality control and increased standardization
in isolation and culture serum. This review summarizes therapeutic potentials of MSC-Exos and
explores their potential clinical implications as diagnostic, therapeutic targets as well as prognostic markers in
managing IUA.
In vitro Investigation of Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties of
Green Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Ephedra gerardiana Plant
Extract
Authors: Abizi-Moqadam Ali , Mortazavi-Derazkola Sobhan , Zare-Bidaki Majid , Osmani Freshteh , Alizadeh Leili 
Published: January 2025

Background::
The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria necessitates
exploring nanotechnology as a potential solution for microbial elimination.

Objectives::
This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial and antioxidant effects of silver
nanoparticles synthesized using aqueous extract from the Ephedra gerardiana (E. gerardiana)
plant (EG@AgNPs).

Methods::
Optimal synthesis conditions, including silver nitrate concentration, time, and temperature,
were determined. Characterization of EG@AgNPs was conducted, which was followed by
antimicrobial assessment against eight bacterial strains and one fungal strain. Additionally, the
antioxidant properties of EG@AgNPs were evaluated using the DPPH method.

Results::
XRD analysis confirmed EG@AgNPs synthesis. DLS analysis revealed a hydrodynamic
diameter of 22 nm. FT-IR analysis confirmed the presence of functional groups from the E.
gerardiana plant extract in EG@AgNPs. FESEM and TEM images depicted spherical nanoparticles
ranging in size from 10 to 20 nm. Antimicrobial investigations using the broth microdilution
method demonstrated that E. gerardiana plant extract at 7.5 mg/ml inhibited only Streptococcus
mutans and Candida albicans growth, with no antimicrobial effects observed at lower
concentrations. However, EG@AgNPs significantly enhanced the antimicrobial properties of the
E. gerardiana plant extract. Notably, these nanoparticles exhibited the most significant effect on
E. coli and the least on S. salivaris, with MIC value of 125 and 2000 μg/ml, respectively. Furthermore,
they inhibited C. albicans growth at a concentration of 62.5 μg/ml. An assessment of
the antioxidant properties of EG@AgNPs indicated a significant increase in antioxidant activity.

Conclusion::
The E. gerardiana plant extract has emerged as a promising option for silver nanoparticle
synthesis. These nanoparticles have been found to exhibit potent antimicrobial properties
against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial species, as well as C. albicans. Additionally,
they have demonstrated antioxidant properties.
Predictive Value and Potential of Targeting Complement Factor C3 in Patients with Renal Injury in Preeclampsia
Authors: Ni Chengxiang , Zhang Sen , Bai Wenpei 
Published: January 2025

Aim:
The activation of the complement system is accompanied by the
occurrence and development of preeclampsia, as well as kidney diseases. Here, the
role of complement C3 [C3] in renal injury in preeclampsia was explored, and its
potential application as an early diagnostic biomarker or drug target to ameliorate
kidney injury induced by preeclampsia was preliminarily evaluated.

Method:
A total of 48 subjects were included in the present study, and the
complement C3 levels and renal function were analyzed.

Results:
Patients with preeclampsia with severe features [sPe] had poorer renal
function compared with the patients with preeclampsia. Urinary C3 levels could be
used to distinguish between healthy controls, patients with preeclampsia, and patients
with sPe. Increased renal inflammation and oxidative stress were notably increased in
the preeclampsia mice with impaired renal function and attenuation of C3 activity using
a C3 receptor antagonist, which reduced Pe-like symptoms and renal impairment,
decreased serum blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and urinary albumin levels, and
decreased expression of the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde, whilst
increasing superoxide dismutase activity. In addition, activation of the nuclear factor
erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 ([HO-1) pathway was involved in
the inhibition of complement C3 in the kidney.

Conclusion:
Higher urinary C3 levels could be used to predict kidney damage as it
was found that the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway attenuated C3 levels, and this
resulted in increased renal impairment in preeclampsia.
Proteomic Analysis of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosomes in Psoriasis
Authors: Wang Siyu , Han Qixin , Wang Jun , Peng Xinxin , Zhou Ling , Niu Xuping 
Published: January 2025

Purpose:
This study aims to investigate the unique proteins in exosomes
from mesenchymal stem cells derived from psoriatic lesions and compare them with
those from healthy human skin. It seeks to identify potential regulatory factors that may
influence the differential effects observed in these exosomes.

Methods:
Dermal mesenchymal stem cell exosomes were isolated from healthy
human skin (HDMSCs-EXO) and psoriatic lesion of patient (PDMSCs-EXO). The
extracted exosomes were analyzed through label-free quantitative proteomics to
identify differential proteins. Bioinformatics analyses, including GO and KEGG
enrichment, were conducted.

Results:
The comparative analysis using HDMSCs-EXO as a control group revealed
13 differential proteins. Notably, proteins such as B2R4D5, MFGE8, and MFAP5 are
associated with the inflammatory mechanisms of psoriasis.

Conclusion:
The study identifies several differentially expressed proteins in exosomes
may play roles in the development of psoriasis. These finding offer valuable insights
for further exploration of the inflammatory processes in psoriasis.
A Comprehensive Review of mRNA-based Vaccines for COVID-19, A New Era in Pharmaceuticals: Unspecified and Unknown Aspects, Effects and Challenges
Authors: Vosoughi Pegah , Naghib Seyed Morteza , Rahmanian Mehdi , Mozafari M. R. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
Ongoing research and development efforts are currently focused on creating COVID-19
vaccines using a variety of platforms. Among these, mRNA technology stands out as a cuttingedge
method for vaccine development. There is a growing public awareness of mRNA and its potential
in vaccine development. Despite being relatively recent, extensive scientific research has
been dedicated to vaccines for a considerable period. mRNA vaccines are created by synthesizing
the spike protein from a DNA template. This review delves into the various aspects of these vaccines
and thoroughly explores the intricacies of COVID-19 vaccinations. It is essential to choose a
reliable, efficient, and widely accessible vaccine to combat COVID-19. However, due to the possibility
of virus mutations, developing a dependable and safe vaccine is crucial to prepare for future
outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 variants. Meanwhile, concerns remain regarding the potential risks
associated with these vaccines.
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors Improve Endothelial Function
and Arterial Stiffness in Diabetic Individuals: A Systematic Review and
Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sridharan Kannan , Sivaramakrishnan Gowri 
Published: January 2025

Introduction::
Sodium Glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) possess pleiotropic
effects, such as antioxidant, antifibrotic, anti-inflammatory, and vascular remodeling activities. Considering
the lack of literature, a network meta-analysis was conducted to explore the impact of
SGLT2is on endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness in the diabetic population.

Methods::
Electronic databases were searched to identify randomized clinical trials evaluating the
effects of SGLT2is on outcomes, such as Flow-mediated Vasodilation (FMV), Pulse Wave Velocity
(PWV), and Augmentation Index (AIx). Direct, indirect, and mixed treatment comparisons generated
pooled estimates using random-effects modeling. Effect sizes were reported as Hedges' g with 95%
Confidence Interval (95% CI). Bootstrap and permutation meta-analyses were performed using ranking
plots. The certainty of evidence was graded.

Results::
Twelve low risk of bias articles (706 participants) were included. SGLT2is were associated
with significant improvements in FMV (g: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.08, 0.88), confirmed by bootstrap metaanalysis
(g: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.1, 0.85) and permutation meta-analysis of FMD (g: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.05,
0.9). Within SGLT2is, dapagliflozin (g: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.14, 0.65) and empagliflozin (g: 0.66; 95%
CI: -0.65, 1.97) significantly improved FMV, and dapagliflozin (g: -0.61, 95% CI: -0.98, -0.24) and
tofogliflozin (g: -3.51; 95% CI: -4.05, -2.98) significantly improved PWV. A low risk of publication
bias was observed, and the ranking plots revealed dapagliflozin to have the best probability (0.99) of
being the most effective for improving FMV. Low certainty of evidence was observed for all outcomes.

Conclusion::
SGLT2 inhibitors improve endothelial function and arterial stiffness in the diabetic
population. Clinical studies evaluating the association between improvements in endothelial function
with SGLT2is and reduced adverse cardiovascular and cardiorenal events and mortality are urgently
needed.
Effects of EX-PLISSIT Sex Counseling on Sexual Self-Concepts of Brides-To-Be: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Nematzadeh Maryam , Bani Soheila , Alizadeh Mahasti , Mirghafourvand Mojgan , Hasanpour Shirin 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Considering the prevalence of sexual dysfunctions among Iranian women
and the effects of sexual self-concepts on sexual performance, further studies on the effects of sex
counseling on the sexual self-concepts of brides-to-be seem necessary.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to determine the effects of EX-PLISSIT sex counseling on
the sexual self-concepts of brides-to-be.

Method:
This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 64 women visiting the premarital
counseling centers of Tabriz, Iran, in 2022. The 15-plus-year-old brides-to-be were selected as
participants and were then assigned to intervention and control groups with a randomized block design.
Participants in the intervention group attended four 60–90-minute individual counseling sessions
with an interval of one week in accordance with the EX-PLISSIT model, whereas those in the
control group received routine premarital counseling. The researcher interviewed all participants before
and four weeks after the intervention and then completed the Multidimensional Sexual Self-
Concept Questionnaire and the Sexual Dysfunctional Belief Questionnaire.

Results:
Results showed no significant differences between the intervention and control groups in
terms of demographics and the baseline scores of sexual self-concept and sexual dysfunction beliefs.
The post-intervention mean score of negative sexual self-concept was significantly lower in
the intervention group than in the control group (mean difference=-5.8, 95% confidence interval: -
3.3 to -8.2, p<0.001), and the post-intervention mean score of situational self-concept was significantly
higher in the intervention group than the control group (mean difference=3.0, 95% confidence
interval: 0.9 to 5.1, p=0.004). However, results indicated no significant differences between
the two groups in the post-intervention mean score of positive sexual self-concept (mean difference=-
0.5, 95% confidence interval: -5.1 to 4.0, p=0.815). In addition, the post-intervention mean
score of sexual dysfunction beliefs was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control
group (mean difference=-15.3, 95% confidence interval: -20.1 to -10.5, p<0.001).

Conclusion:
The findings indicated the positive effects of EX-PLISSIT sex counseling on negative
and situational sexual self-concept and sexual dysfunction beliefs in brides-to-be. Hence, this model
is recommended to be used in combination with other sex counseling methods in order to improve
the sexual health of brides-to-be.
Investigation of the Essential and Non-essential Element Contents of Some Aromatic Coffees and Effect of Sugar Addition
Authors: Uygunoz Deniz , Fercan Melek Merve , Kipcak Azmi Seyhun , Derun Emek Moroydor 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
In this study, the contents of essential and non-essential elements in the
sugary and sugar-free varieties of aromatic coffees produced in Turkey were decided, and the effect
of sugar addition was examined.

method:
For this purpose, essential (Mg, Se, B, Na, Ca, K, Co, Cr, Fe, Cu, Mn, Mo, P and Zn) and
non-essential (As, Ba, Al, Cd, Ti, Ni, Sb and Pb) element contents of the aromatic coffees (sugary
and sugar-free) (Classic, Gum Mastic, Gum Mastic Turkish Coffee, Hazelnut, Caramel and Turkish
Coffee) supplied from a single brand were detected by using ICP-OES. The effects of the elements
taken into the body by the consumption of coffee varieties on health and how much of an individual’s
daily requirements are met were investigated. Thus, the place and importance of coffee consumption
in nutrition have been determined. For coffee consumption of 3 cups, the intake amounts of
selected elements were calculated. Furthermore, a risk assessment study was performed by utilizing
the non-essential element concentrations of selected coffees.

results:
Experimental results showed that K is the most ample essential element in all types of coffee,
and it has been proven that K ingestion encounters the daily requirement of 1% to 2% for adults.

conclusion:
According to the risk assessment results, the hazard index was calculated for 3 cups of
each coffee type intake as less than 1, and these coffees may be classified in the low-risk group.
Empagliflozin Ameliorates the Oxidative Stress Profile in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction: Results of a
Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study
Authors: Eshraghi Azadeh , Khalesi Somayeh , Amini Kiumarth , Salleh Fahmi Hassan , Sharifikia Mahdis , Hajmiri Minoo Sadat , Zamanirafe Maryam , Yazdi Amirhossein , Mehrpooya Maryam 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
In the present study, we evaluated the impact of empagliflozin on serum
levels of oxidative stress parameters in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) who also suffer
from heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF).

Methods:
In this prospective, single-center clinical trial, 80 patients with T2DM and HFrEF, stabilized
on guideline-directed heart failure therapy and classified as New York Heart Association
functional (NYHA) functional classes II or III, were randomized to receive either empagliflozin
(10 mg/daily) or a matching placebo for a duration of 12 weeks. Serum levels of malondialdehyde
(MDA), along with the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx),
were measured at baseline and after the 12-week treatment period.

Results:
The baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of the randomized patients were
comparable across the study groups. As anticipated, empagliflozin demonstrated a significant reduction
in fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) compared to the placebo
after 12 weeks of treatment. Additionally, in comparison to the placebo, empagliflozin significantly
increased the antioxidant capacity by elevating serum activity of SOD and GPx, while reducing
oxidative damage, as evidenced by diminished MDA levels. Empagliflozin-treated patients
also experienced greater improvement in their NYHA functional classes by week 12, though no
significant changes in Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) were observed.

Conclusion:
The findings of this study shed light on the potential mechanisms through which
SGLT2 inhibitors exert their beneficial effects on clinical outcomes in diabetic patients with
HFrEF. This provides compelling evidence supporting the cardio-protective of SGLT2 inhibitors
in this patient population.

Clinical Trial Registration Number:
The trial was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical
Trials (https://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/trial/72825, identifier code: IRCT20120215009014N484). Registration
date: 2022-09-30.
Finite Element Analysis of Fiber Reinforced Concrete Slabs under Torsion
Authors: Werdina Ghassan M. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
This study has investigated the behavior and strength of steel fiber-reinforced concrete slabs under torsion using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The research has focused on the effects of steel fiber volume ratio and reinforcement bar size on the torsional properties of concrete slabs.

Methods
A 3D solid element model with non-linear analysis has been employed using ABAQUS software to simulate the behavior of fifteen square slabs with varying fiber volume ratios and reinforcement bar sizes. The analysis has assessed the torsional properties, including cracking moment, yielding moment, ultimate moment, and stiffness.

Results
The results have indicated that using steel fibers could enhance the torsional cracking, yielding, and ultimate moments. The torsional ultimate moment has increased between 3% to 4% by using fibers with a volume ratio of 0.5%, but it has increased between 106% to 148% by using fibers with a volume ratio of 2%. The study has concluded the proper volume ratio of fibers to improve the torsional ultimate moment to be between 1% to 2%. Moreover, an increase in reinforcement bar size has led to a higher torsional ultimate moment.

Conclusion
The torsional stiffness of slabs in uncracked phases has been found to be about 14.4-30.9 times the stiffness in the cracked phase. Fiber reinforcement has been found to lead to an increase in the stiffness of the cracked phase.