bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Weighted energy method for semilinear wave equations with time-dependent damping
Authors: Sobajima Motohiro 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOf concern is the energy decay property of solutions to wave equations with time-dependent damping. A reasonable class of damping coefficients for the framework of weighted energy methods is proposed, which contains not only the model of “effective” damping$$(1+t)^{-\beta }$$(1+t)-β$$(-1\le \beta <1)$$(-1≤β<1), but also non-differentiable functions with a suitable behavior at$$t\rightarrow \infty $$t→∞. As an application of the weighted energy estimate, global existence for the corresponding semilinear wave equation is discussed.
Einfluss der Quadrizepsmuskulatur auf den patellofemoralen Kontaktmechanismus bei Patienten mit strecknaher patellofemoraler Instabilität nach MPFL-Rekonstruktion
Authors: Siegel Markus , Taghizadeh Elham , Fuchs Andreas , Maier Philipp , Schmal Hagen , Lange Thomas , Yilmaz Tayfun , Meine Hans , Izadpanah Kaywan 
Published: August 2023

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung
Die MPFL-Rekonstruktion stellt eine der wichtigsten operativen Therapiemöglichkeiten beim Auftreten rezidivierender Patellaluxationen bei strecknaher patellofemoraler Instabilität dar. Dennoch ist die Rolle der Quadrizepsmuskulatur bei Patienten mit patellofemoraler Instabilität vor und nach einer patellofemoralen Stabilisierung mittels MPFL-Plastik bislang nicht vollständig geklärt. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht den Einfluss der Quadrizepsmuskulatur auf den patellofemoralen Kontaktmechanismus bei Patienten mit strecknaher patellofemoraler Instabilität (PFI) vor und nach einer operativen patellofemoralen Stabilisierung mittels MPFL-Plastik anhand von statisch-dynamischen 3‑Tesla MRT-Datensätzen in frühen Beugegraden (0–30°).

Methoden
In dieser prospektiven Kohortenstudie wurden 15 Patienten mit strecknaher PFI vor und 11 ± 5 Wochen nach einer isolierten MPFL-Rekonstruktion und 15 Probanden mit gesunden Kniegelenken mittels dynamischen MRT-Scans untersucht. Die MRT-Scans wurden in einer individuell angefertigten pneumatischen Kniebelastungsvorrichtung zur Bestimmung der patellofemoralen Knorpelkontaktfläche (CCA) mit und ohne Quadrizepsaktivierung (50 N axiale Last) durchgeführt. Vergleichende Messungen wurden anhand von 3D-Knorpel- und Knochen-Meshes in 0–30° Kniebeugung an den Patienten mit patellofemoraler Instabilität prä- und postoperativ und an den kniegesunden Probanden durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse
Die präoperativ ermittelte patellofemorale CCA von Patienten mit strecknaher PFI betrug 67,3 ± 47,3 mm2 in 0°-Flexion, 118,9 ± 56,6 mm2 in 15°-Flexion und 267,6 ± 96,1 mm2 in 30°-Flexion. Unter aktivierter Quadrizepsmuskulatur (50 N) zeigte sich eine Kontaktfläche von 72,4 ± 45,9 mm2 in Streckung, 112,5 ± 54,9 mm2 in 15° Beugung und 286,1 ± 92,7 mm2 in 30° Beugung ohne statistische Signifikanz im Vergleich. Die postoperativ bestimmte CCA ergab in 0°, 15° und 30°-Flexion 159,3 ± 51,4 mm2, 189,6 ± 62,2 mm2 und 347,3 ± 52,1 mm2. Unter Quadrizepsaktivierung mit 50 N zeigte sich eine CCA in Streckung von 141,0 ± 63,8 mm2, 206,6 ± 67,7 mm2 in 15° und 353,5 ± 64,6 mm2 in 30° Beugung, ebenso ohne statistischen Unterschied im Vergleich zur unbelasteten CCA. Bei Probanden mit gesunden Kniegelenken zeigt sich bei 30° Beugung ein Zuwachs der CCA von 10,3 % (p = 0,003).

Schlussfolgerung
Obwohl sich die patellofemorale CCA nach MPFL-Plastik bei Patienten mit strecknaher patellofemoraler Instabilität signifikant vergrößert, zeigt sich weder prä- noch postoperativ ein signifikanter Einfluss der Quadrizepsmuskulatur.
Unsupervised single-shot depth estimation using perceptual reconstruction
Authors: Angermann Christoph , Schwab Matthias , Haltmeier Markus , Laubichler Christian , Jónsson Steinbjörn 
Published: August 2023

AbstractReal-time estimation of actual object depth is an essential module for various autonomous system tasks such as 3D reconstruction, scene understanding and condition assessment. During the last decade of machine learning, extensive deployment of deep learning methods to computer vision tasks has yielded approaches that succeed in achieving realistic depth synthesis out of a simple RGB modality. Most of these models are based on paired RGB-depth data and/or the availability of video sequences and stereo images. However, the lack of RGB-depth pairs, video sequences, or stereo images makes depth estimation a challenging task that needs to be explored in more detail. This study builds on recent advances in the field of generative neural networks in order to establish fully unsupervised single-shot depth estimation. Two generators for RGB-to-depth and depth-to-RGB transfer are implemented and simultaneously optimized using the Wasserstein-1 distance, a novel perceptual reconstruction term, and hand-crafted image filters. We comprehensively evaluate the models using a custom-generated industrial surface depth data set as well as the Texas 3D Face Recognition Database, the CelebAMask-HQ database of human portraits and the SURREAL dataset that records body depth. For each evaluation dataset, the proposed method shows a significant increase in depth accuracy compared to state-of-the-art single-image transfer methods.
Fenofibrate suppresses the progression of hepatoma by downregulating osteopontin through inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/Twist pathway
Authors: Chen Weiqing , Chen Feihua , Gong Mouchun , Ye Lijun , Weng Dengcheng , Jin Zhaoqing , Wang Jianjiang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPrimary hepatic carcinoma (PHC) is a leading threat to cancer patients with few effective treatment strategies. OPN is found to be an oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with potential as a treating target for PHC. Fenofibrate is a lipid-lowering drug with potential anti-tumor properties, which is claimed with suppressive effects on OPN expression. Our study proposes to explore the molecular mechanism of fenofibrate in inhibiting HCC. OPN was found extremely upregulated in 6 HCC cell lines, especially Hep3B cells. Hep3B and Huh7 cells were treated with 75 and 100 μM fenofibrate, while OPN-overexpressed Hep3B cells were treated with 100 μM fenofibrate. Decreased clone number, elevated apoptotic rate, reduced number of migrated cells, and shortened migration distance were observed in fenofibrate-treated Hep3B and Huh7 cells, which were markedly abolished by the overexpression of OPN. Furthermore, the facilitating effect against apoptosis and the inhibitory effect against migration of fenofibrate in Hep3B cells were abolished by 740 Y-P, an agonist of PI3K. Hep3B xenograft model was established, followed by treated with 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg fenofibrate, while OPN-overexpressed Hep3B xenograft was treated with 200 mg/kg fenofibrate. The tumor growth was repressed by fenofibrate, which was notably abolished by OPN overexpression. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of fenofibrate on the PI3K/AKT/Twist pathway in Hep3B cells and Hep3B xenograft model was abrogated by OPN overexpression. Collectively, fenofibrate suppressed progression of hepatoma downregulating OPN through inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/Twist pathway.
Constraint Qualification with Schauder Basis for Infinite Programming Problems
Authors: Bednarczuk E. M. , Leśniewski K. W. , Rutkowski K. E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe consider infinite programming problems with constraint sets defined by systems of infinite number of inequalities and equations given by continuously differentiable functions defined on Banach spaces. In the approach proposed here we represent these systems with the help of coefficients in a given Schauder basis. We prove Abadie constraint qualification under the new infinite-dimensional Relaxed Constant Rank Constraint Qualification Plus and we discuss the existence of Lagrange multipliers via Hurwicz set. The main tools are: Rank Theorem and Lyusternik–Graves theorem.
Enhanced antibiotic release from bone cement spacers utilizing dual antibiotic loading with elevated vancomycin concentrations in two-stage revision for periprosthetic joint infection
Authors: Lunz Andre , Schonhoff Mareike , Omlor Georg W. , Knappe Kevin , Bangert Yannic , Lehner Burkhard , Renkawitz Tobias , Jaeger Sebastian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Antibiotic loaded bone cement spacers provide high local antibiotic concentrations, preserve bone stock, and reduce soft tissue contractions. The objective of this in-vitro study was to compare antibiotic release from spacers, aiming to discover the most optimal preparation and identify modifiable factors that can further enhance antibiotic release.

Methods
Six distinct spacer preparation were created using three different bone cements and manual incorporation of antibiotics. During a six-week period, the release of antibiotics from each spacer was measured individually at ten predetermined time points using a chemiluminescent immunoassay.

Results
Manually adding 4 g of vancomycin to every 40 g of “Palacos R + G” yielded the most favorable release profile. Throughout all preparations, antibiotic release consistently and significantly decreased over the six-week period. When incorporating a higher concentration of vancomycin, a significantly higher cumulative release of vancomycin was observed, with varying effects on the release of gentamicin. The choice of bone cement had a significant impact on antibiotic release.

Conclusion
To enhance antibiotic release from spacers, surgeons should manually incorporate high antibiotic concentrations into the most appropriate bone cement and keep the interim period as short as possible. Specifically, we suggest manual incorporation of 4 g of vancomycin to every 40 g of gentamicin premixed "Palacos R + G" to create bone cement spacers.
The radiology job market in the Netherlands: which subspecialties and other skills are in demand?
Authors: Velleman Ton , Noordzij Walter , Dierckx Rudi A.J.O. , Kwee Thomas C. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the current job market for medical specialists in radiology and nuclear medicine (NM) in the Netherlands.

Methods
Vacancies posted for radiologists and nuclear medicine physicians in the Netherlands between December 2020 and February 2022 were collected and analyzed.

Results
A total of 157 vacancies (146 for radiologist and 11 for nuclear medicine physicians) were included. The most sought-after subspecialties were all-round (22%), abdominal (19%), and interventional radiology (14%), and 30% of vacancies preferred applicants with additional non-clinical skills (research, teaching, management, information and communications technology (ICT)/artificial intelligence (AI)). Non-academic hospitals significantly more frequently requested all-round radiologists (n = 31) than academic hospitals (n = 1) (p = 0.001), while the distribution of other requested subspecialties was not significantly different between non-academic and academic vacancies. Non-academic hospitals also significantly more frequently requested additional research tasks in their vacancies (n = 35) compared to academic hospitals (n = 4) (p = 0.011). There were non-significant trends for non-academic hospitals more frequently requesting teaching tasks in their vacancies (n =18) than academic hospitals (n = 1) (p = 0.051), and for non-academic hospitals more frequently asking for management skills (n = 11) than academic hospitals (n = 0) (p = 0.075).

Conclusion
All-round, abdominal, and interventional radiologists are most in demand on the job market in the Netherlands. All-round radiologists are particularly sought after by non-academic hospitals, whereas nuclear radiologists who completed the Dutch integrated NM and radiology residency seem to be welcomed by hospitals searching for a nuclear medicine specialist. Finally, non-clinical skills (research, teaching, management, ICT/AI) are commonly requested. These data can be useful for residents and developers of training curricula.

Clinical relevance statement
An overview of the radiology job market and the requested skills is important for residents, for those who seek work as a radiologist, and for those who are involved in the design and revision of residency programs.

Key Points

Review of job vacancies over an extended period of time provides valuable information to residents and feedback to potentially improve radiology and nuclear medicine (NM) residency programs.

All-round radiologists are wanted in non-academic hospitals and nuclear radiologists (those who have completed an integrated NM-radiology curriculum) are welcomed by hospitals searching for nuclear medicine specialists in the Netherlands.

There is a need to train residents in important non-clinical skills, such as research and teaching, but also management and communications technology/artificial intelligence.
Radiomics in the characterization of lipid-poor adrenal adenomas at unenhanced CT: time to look beyond usual density metrics
Authors: Feliciani Giacomo , Serra Francesco , Menghi Enrico , Ferroni Fabio , Sarnelli Anna , Feo Carlo , Zatelli Maria Chiara , Ambrosio Maria Rosaria , Giganti Melchiore , Carnevale Aldo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives
In this study, we developed a radiomic signature for the classification of benign lipid-poor adenomas, which may potentially help clinicians limit the number of unnecessary investigations in clinical practice. Indeterminate adrenal lesions of benign and malignant nature may exhibit different values of key radiomics features.

Methods
Patients who had available histopathology reports and a non-contrast-enhanced CT scan were included in the study. Radiomics feature extraction was done after the adrenal lesions were contoured. The primary feature selection and prediction performance scores were calculated using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). To eliminate redundancy, the best-performing features were further examined using the Pearson correlation coefficient, and new predictive models were created.

Results
This investigation covered 50 lesions in 48 patients. After LASSO-based radiomics feature selection, the test dataset’s 30 iterations of logistic regression models produced an average performance of 0.72. The model with the best performance, made up of 13 radiomics features, had an AUC of 0.99 in the training phase and 1.00 in the test phase. The number of features was lowered to 5 after performing Pearson’s correlation to prevent overfitting. The final radiomic signature trained a number of machine learning classifiers, with an average AUC of 0.93.

Conclusions
Including more radiomics features in the identification of adenomas may improve the accuracy of NECT and reduce the need for additional imaging procedures and clinical workup, according to this and other recent radiomics studies that have clear points of contact with current clinical practice.

Clinical relevance statement
The study developed a radiomic signature using unenhanced CT scans for classifying lipid-poor adenomas, potentially reducing unnecessary investigations that scored a final accuracy of 93%.

Key Points
• Radiomics has potential for differentiating lipid-poor adenomas and avoiding unnecessary further investigations.
• Quadratic mean, strength, maximum 3D diameter, volume density, and area density are promising predictors for adenomas.
• Radiomics models reach high performance with average AUC of 0.95 in the training phase and 0.72 in the test phase.
Arterial spin labelling MRI for brain tumour surveillance: do we really need cerebral blood flow maps?
Authors: Teunissen Wouter H. T. , Lavrova Anna , van den Bent Martin , van der Hoorn Anouk , Warnert Esther A. H. , Smits Marion 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Arterial spin labelling (ASL) perfusion MRI is one of the available advanced MRI techniques for brain tumour surveillance. The first aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between quantitative cerebral blood flow (CBF) and non-quantitative perfusion weighted imaging (ASL-PWI) measurements. The second aim was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of ASL-CBF and ASL-PWI measurements as well as visual assessment for identifying tumour progression.

Methods
A consecutive cohort of patients who underwent 3-T MRI surveillance containing ASL for treated brain tumours was used. ROIs were drawn in representative parts of tumours in the ASL-CBF maps and copied to the ASL-PWI. ASL-CBF ratios and ASL-PWI ratios of the tumour ROI versus normal appearing white matter (NAWM) were correlated (Pearson correlation) and AUCs were calculated to assess diagnostic accuracy. Additionally, lesions were visually classified as hypointense, isointense, or hyperintense. We calculated accuracy at two thresholds: low threshold (between hypointense-isointense) and high threshold (between isointense-hyperintense).

Results
A total of 173 lesions, both enhancing and non-enhancing, measured in 115 patients (93 glioma, 16 metastasis, and 6 lymphoma) showed a very high correlation of 0.96 (95% CI: 0.88–0.99) between ASL-CBF ratios and ASL-PWI ratios. AUC was 0.76 (95%CI: 0.65–0.88) for ASL-CBF ratios and 0.72 (95%CI: 0.58–0.85) for ASL-PWI ratios. Diagnostic accuracy of visual assessment for enhancing lesions was 0.72.

Conclusion
ASL-PWI ratios and ASL-CBF ratios showed a high correlation and comparable AUCs; therefore, quantification of ASL-CBF could be omitted in these patients. Visual classification had comparable diagnostic accuracy to the ASL-PWI or ASL-CBF ratios.

Clinical relevance statement
This study shows that CBF quantification of ASL perfusion MRI could be omitted for brain tumour surveillance and that visual assessment provides the same diagnostic accuracy. This greatly reduces the complexity of the use of ASL in routine clinical practice.

Key Points
• Arterial spin labelling MRI for clinical brain tumour surveillance is undervalued and underinvestigated.
• Non-quantitative and quantitative arterial spin labelling assessments show high correlation and comparable diagnostic accuracy.
• Quantification of arterial spin labelling MRI could be omitted to improve daily clinical workflow.
Die Lübecker Skala der Basis-Mobilität
Authors: Krupp Sonja , Wentzel Robert , Balck Friedrich , Willkomm Martin , Kasper Jennifer 
Published: August 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Im geriatrischen Assessment der Mobilität wird oft der Timed-up-and-go(TUG)-Test eingesetzt. Viele stationäre Patienten können diesen aber nicht bewältigen. Als Performance-Test für diese Zielgruppe wurde die Lübecker Skala der Basis-Mobilität (LSBM) entwickelt.

Ziel
Die Studie untersuchte Eigenschaften der 7 Aufgaben umfassenden LSBM, die auf Item-Ebene eine an die 5‑stufige Bewertung von Beeinträchtigungen gemäß der ICF angelehnte Skalierung aufweist.

Material und Methoden
Bei 77 Patienten, die bei akutgeriatrischer Klinikaufnahme den TUG-Test nicht bewältigt hatten, wurde im Abstand von 7 bis 18 Tagen (t0, t1) die LSBM absolviert, davon einmal durch 2 Untersucher bewertet. Für die konvergente Validität wurde der De Morton Mobility Index (DEMMI) eingesetzt.

Ergebnisse
Der LSBM-Score und der DEMMI-Score korrelierten hoch (−0,880, p < 0,001). Ein Bodeneffekt trat mit der LSBM nicht auf, mit dem DEMMI bei 5 Patienten (6,5 %). Die prädiktive Validität für die Voraussage der Bewältigung des TUG-Tests bei Entlassung aufgrund des Summenscores zu t0 betrug für die LSBM −0,577, für den DEMMI 0,542 (Korrelation nach Spearman, p = 0,001). Die Interrater-Reliabilität der LSBM lag bei 0,983 (p < 0,001), die Korrelation zwischen Test und Retest bei 0,836 (p < 0,001), die interne Konsistenz über Cronbachs α bei 0,876. Die LSBM korrelierte mit der physiotherapeutischen Verlaufsbeurteilung (0,482, p < 0,001), die Effektstärke als Maß für die Änderungssensitivität lag bei Cohen’s d 0,711.

Diskussion
Die LSBM erleichtert das Setzen von Therapiezielen und ermöglicht die standardisierte Dokumentation bereits kleiner Verbesserungen und Verschlechterungen bei Patienten mit reduzierter Basis-Mobilität.
Endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection with an external additional working channel (EMR+ and ESD+) are equivalent to using a double-channel endoscope: a systematic evaluation in a porcine ex vivo model
Authors: Knoop Richard F. , Amanzada Ahmad , Petzold Golo , Ellenrieder Volker , Engelhardt Michael , Neesse Albrecht , Bremer Sebastian C. B. , Kunsch Steffen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background and aims
With an external additional working channel (AWC) endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) as well as endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) can be extended to techniques termed “EMR+” and “ESD+.” These novel techniques are systematically compared to EMR and ESD under the use of a double-channel endoscope (DC).

Methods
Our trial was conducted prospectively in a pre-clinical porcine animal model (EASIE-R simulator) with standardized gastric lesions measuring 3 or 4 cm.

Results
EMR+ and EMR DC showed both good results for 3 cm lesions with no adverse events and an en bloc resection rate of 73.33% (EMR+) and 60.00% (EMR DC, p = 0.70). They came to their limits in 4 cm lesions with muscularis damages of 20.00% (EMR+), 13.33% (EMR DC, p ≥ 0.99) and decreasing en bloc resection rates of 60.00% (EMR+) and 46.67% (EMR DC, p = 0.72).
ESD+ and ESD DC were both reliable concerning en bloc resection rates (100% in all groups) and adverse events (0.00% in 3 cm lesions, 12.50% muscularis damages in both ESD+ and ESD DC in 4 cm lesions).
Resection time was slightly shorter in all groups with the AWC compared to DC although only reaching significance in 3 cm ESD lesions (p < 0.05*).

Conclusions
With the AWC, a standard endoscope can easily be transformed to double-channel functionality. We could show that EMR+ and ESD+ are non-inferior to EMR and ESD under the use of a double-channel endoscope. Consequently, the AWC presents an affordable alternative to a double-channel endoscope for both EMR and ESD.