bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MEDIATIZATION OF NDOKWA MASQUERADE PERFORMANCES: THE AESTHETIC DYNAMICS OF AN AFRICAN INDIGENOUS CARNIVAL
Authors: S. Omoera Osakue , Epochi-Olise Ruth Etuwe 
Published: December 2022

This article examines the mediatization of the aesthetic dynamics or dimensions in the masquerade performances of the Ndokwa people in Delta State, Nigeria. Masquerade performances and carnivals are spectacular indigenous theatrical activities or forms that involve the impersonation of fictive characters by costumed performers in Nigeria and across Africa. These art forms share similar elements that make them culturally significant in terms of creativity and social commentary. The Ndokwa masquerade performances during festive celebrations have been on for over two decades but have virtually not been given the deserved publicity to project them as fine tourist events. Deploying Etop Akwang’s “Medialization” model, this study uses historical-analytic, key informant interview (KII) and direct observation to consider the uniqueness of the Ndokwa masquerade performance. It holds that the masquerade performance is a valuable cultural product that combines the characteristics of carnivals and celebrations of fluid cultural exchange that appear to have led to hybridized cultural performances amongst the people. It highlights some of the aesthetic dimensions of the Ndokwa masquerades and how they could be made more culturally viable and economically appealing through the use of new media outlets. This article, therefore, advocates for the use of social media as a trendy form of mediatization or media production to give visibility to Ndokwa masquerade performances in the global cultural space.
Localization of protoporphyrin IX in glioma patients with paired stimulated Raman histology and two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy
Authors: Nasir-Moin Mustafa , Wadiura Lisa , Juros Devin , Movahed-Ezazi Misha , Lee Matthew , Weiss Hannah , Müther Michael , Alber Daniel , Ratna Sujay , Fang Camila , Suero-Molina Eric , Hellwig Sönke , Stummer Walter , Rössler Karl , Hainfellner Johannes , Widhalm Georg , Kiesel Barbara , Reichert David , Mischkulnig Mario , Jain Rajan , Smith Andrew , Straehle Jakob , Neidert Nicolas , Schnell Oliver , Beck Jürgen , Trautman Jay , Pastore Steve , Pacione Donato , Placantonakis Dimitris , Oermann Eric , Golfinos John , Hollon Todd , Snuderl Matija , Freudiger Christian , Heiland Dieter Henrik , Orringer Daniel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Fluorescence guidance is widely utilized to improve the precision of cancer surgery. 5-aminolevulinic acid, the most widely used fluorophore in glioma surgery, is thought to cause selective accumulation of fluorescent protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in tumor cells. 5-aminolevulinic acid is highly specific for densely tumor-infiltrated tissue but less effective for visualizing the tumor periphery. To improve clinical detection of PpIX, we developed a microscope to perform paired stimulated Raman histology and two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy (TPEF) and validated it in 175 fresh tumor specimens from 75 high-grade glioma patients across three institutions. Here, we demonstrate that intracellular PpIX accumulation occurs most prominently in histiocytic, rather than neoplastic, appearing cells. Spatially resolved metabolomics, transcriptomics and RNA sequencing revealed that PPIX is most avidly concentrated in tumor associated macrophages. There was no correlation between the degree of tissue cellularity and PpIX concentration across all imaged specimens (R=-0.21). Our findings encourage reconsideration of the existing theory of 5-ALA-induced glioma cell fluorescence and demonstrate how 5-ALA and TPEF imaging can provide a window into the immune microenvironment of human gliomas.
Investigating the role of a putative endolysin-like candidate effector protein in Verticillium longisporum virulence
Authors: Rafiei Vahideh , Najafi Yasaman , Velez Heriberto , Tzelepis Georgios 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Verticillium is a genus of ascomycete fungi that encompasses several plant pathogenic species, and cause severe annual yield losses on many economically important crops worldwide. One of the most important species in this genus, is V. longisporum, which causes disease mainly on plants in the Brassicaceae family. Genome analysis of V. longisporum strain VL1 revealed a number of candidate effector genes that may be associated with fungal virulence. One of these candidate effector-genes encodes a putative endolysin-like protein. Endolysins are hydrolytic enzymes that are secreted by bacteriophages and recently, they have been identified in fungal genomes as well. In this study, the potential role of this gene has been investigated in V. longisporum. Our data showed that this gene was highly induced in the fungus during Brassica napus infection and its overexpression significantly increased V. longisporum virulence, indicating an involvement in the fungal infection process.
DMPA-HHO: A Hybrid MPA-HHO optimizer with Dynamic Opposite Learning
Authors: Su Shoubao , Xu Liukai , Wang Chishe , He Chao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A new hybrid algorithm is proposed by incorporating Harris Hawks Optimization with Marine Predators algorithm and dynamic Opposition-based learning, namely DMPA-HHO. In the algorithm, the problem is addressed that Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO) tends to fall into local optima and low accuracy of the solution. Dynamic Opposite Learning (DOL) improves the swarm diversity and swarm quality, and enhances the global search capability and search accuracy. HHO and the Marine Predators Algorithm (MPA) are blended to enhance the progressive rapid dives of the Harris hawk flock, effectively improving the algorithm's exploitation capabilities. DMPA-HHO uses the FADs’ effect of the MPA to increase the possibility of individuals escaping from the local optimum solution when the search falls into the local optimal solution. Compared with others on several benchmark functions, the DMPA-HHO algorithm has a better search accuracy and a stronger ability to avoid trapping in local optima.
Characteristics and Obstetrical Outcomes of Post-Rape Pregnancies Among Adolescent Girls in Post Conflict Context in Eastern Dr Congo.
Authors: Kalunga Kiminyi , Olivier Nyakio Ngeleza , Maroyi Raha , Ilunga-Mbaya Eloge , Julien Bwama , Luc Kalala Kanyinda , Mukwege Denis 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Introduction: In conflicts such as the Democratic Republic of Congo, sexual violence is systematically perpetrated against children and adolescent girls. Unwanted pregnancy is one of the complications with a myriad of consequences for the victim, the newborn, and society. This study aims to draw up characteristics and obstetrical outcomes of post-rape pregnancies of victims under 18 years old treated at Panzi General Referral Hospital (PGRH) in Eastern DR Congo. Methods: A cohort study was conducted at PGRH over two years (June 2020 to June 2022). This study included 140 adolescent girls who became pregnant post sexual assault. They were followed from confirmation of pregnancy to delivery. Sociodemographic, psycho-affective and clinical parameters were recorded and analyzed using XLSTAT 2014 software. Results: 76.4% came from rural areas, with a median age of 16 [13–17]. Pregnancy was continued in 50.7% and terminated in 20%. The victims were casual acquaintances of the perpetrators in 33.6% and unknown in 26.4%. 57. 9% attended regular antenatal consultations. 74.3% had an individual birth plan/preparation for labor, with the primary route of delivery being vaginal (69.3%). The frequency of caesarean sections was 30.7%. Some psychological symptoms were identified during labor in 52.9% like agitation (10.7%) and hypersensitivity (8.6%). Conclusion: Pregnancy post rape is a public health problem affecting adolescents between 13 and 17 years of age. These pregnancies require closer follow-up with multi-disciplinary shared care, including psychology, obstetrics, and community input, to improve mother and newborn antenatal, intrapartum, and postpartum outcomes. In addition, long-term psychological sequelae of these pregnancies can be mitigated through supportive care in this high-risk period.
Association of multi-heavy metals exposure and lung function in a typical rural population of Northwest China
Authors: Zheng Ling , Yu Yunhui , Tian Xiaoyu , He Li , Shan Xiaobing , Niu Jingping , Yan Jun , Luo Bin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Heavy metal exposure is associated with decreased lung function, but the relationship between metals co-exposure and lung function in rural areas of northwest China remains unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the effects of single or co-exposure of heavy metals on lung function in a rural cohort of northwest China.
Methods: All participants were recruited from the Dongdagou-Xinglong (DDG-XL) rural cohort of Gansu province. Urine levels of 10 common heavy metals were detected, including cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), molybdenum (Mo), cadmium (Cd), stibium (Sb), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb) and manganese (Mn). The lung function was detected by measuring percentages of predicted forced vital capacity (FVC%) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1%) as well as the ratio of FEV1/FVC. We also analyzed the association between heavy metals and pulmonary ventilation dysfunction (PVD). Restricted cubic spline, logistic regression, linear regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were used to analyze the relationship between heavy metals exposure and lung function.
Results: Finally, a total of 382 participants were included in this study with the average age of 56.69 ± 7.32 years, and 82.46% of them used solid fuels for heating and cooking. Logistic regression analysis showed that the higher concentration of Hg, Mn, Sb and lower Mo may be risk factors for PVD. We found that FEV1% and FVC% were negatively correlated with Sb, Hg, Mn, but positively correlated with Mo. Through BKMR model, we found the lung function decreased with the increase of heavy metals concentration. In addition, Hg and Mn made an enormous contribution to the decline of lung function. In subgroup analysis showed that the males, the people with BMI ≥ 24kg/m2 and used solid fuels showed a higher risk of PVD when exposed to Co, Zn and Hg.
Conclusions: Our results suggested that the heavy metals exposure were associated with impairment of lung function regardless of single exposure or co-exposure, particularly for Hg and Mn.
CT with clinical scoring to differentiate phytobezoar from feces in children small bowel obstruction
Authors: Wang Ning , Lin Xiaodong , Zhang Shanshan , Shen Wei , Wu Xuedong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Identification of phytobezoar in childhood small bowel obstruction (SBO) characterized by small-bowel feces sign (SBFS) is still challenging. The aim of our study was to assess the diagnostic performance of quantitative CT analysis combined with the Acute General Emergency Surgical Severity-Small Bowel Obstruction (AGESS-SBO) scoring system in determining phytobezoar-related SBO.
Methods: Sixteen phytobezoar-related SBO were regarded as phytobezoar group and the other 19 SBFS-positive SBO was regarded as control group. Demographic data, clinical presentation, and laboratory and CT findings were collected and analyzed. Each patient’s AGESS-SBO score was determined according to the individual medical record. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify significant variables associated with phytobezoar-related SBO. Diagnostic performance of key variables was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.
Results: Compared to control group, phytobezoar group showed a significantly shorter debris maximal length (3.0 ± 0.5 cm vs. 3.5 ± 0.7 cm, P<0.05), stronger attenuation (12.6 ± 5.9 HU vs. 8.2 ± 4.0 HU, P <0.05) in CT,and higher AGESS-SBO score (4.5 [interquartile (IQR): 4–5]) vs. (2 [IQR: 1–4]). With the combination of debris attenuation (with cut-off of >9.0 HU) and AGESS-SBO score (with cut-off of >3 points), the positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) to diagnose phytobezoar-related SBO were 80 % (12/15) and 84 % (16/19), respectively.
Conclusions:The diagnostic method of integrating quantitative CT analysis and the AGESS-SBO scoring system can improve the identification accuracy of phytobezoar in SBFS-positive childhood SBO.
Performance of serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor as a diagnostic marker for lymphoma in patients with fever
Authors: Kanda Naoki , Yamaguchi Ryota , Yamamoto Yu , Matsumura Masami , Hatakeyama Shuji 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
There have been few reports on the diagnostic performance of soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) for lymphoma. A cross-sectional study was conducted at an university hospital. All patients who were admitted to the Division of General Internal Medicine and underwent serum sIL-2R testing were included. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence of fever (≥ 38.0oC). Among 602 patients, 421 had fever and 80 were diagnosed with lymphoma (52 of the 80 were in the febrile group). In all patients, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of sIL-2R for the diagnosis of lymphoma was 0.82 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.76–0.87). The AUROC was significantly higher in the febrile group (0.88; 95% CI, 0.83–0.94) than in the afebrile group (0.75; 95% CI, 0.65–0.85). In the febrile group, the sensitivity and specificity were 82.7% and 83.5%, respectively, with an optimal cutoff value of 3,250 U/mL. In the afebrile group, they were 89.3% and 55.6%, respectively, with a value of 868 U/mL. Serum sIL-2R showed high performance as an adjunctive diagnostic marker for lymphoma, particularly among febrile patients. Different cutoff values should be used for patients with and without fever to maximize the diagnostic performance.
Spatial helicity response metric to quantify particle size and turbidity of heterogeneous media through circular polarization imaging
Authors: SINGH MICHAEL D. , VITKIN I. ALEX 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Backscattered circularly polarized light from turbid media consists of helicity-flipped and helicity-preserved photon sub-populations (i.e., photons of perpendicular and parallel circular handedness). Their intensities and spatial distributions are found to be acutely sensitive to average scatterer size and modestly sensitive to the scattering coefficient (medium turbidity) through an interplay of single and multiple scattering effects. Using a highly sensitive intensified-CCD camera, helicity-based images of backscattered light are captured, which, with the aid of corroborating Monte Carlo simulation images and statistics, enable (1) investigation of subsurface photonic pathways and (2) development of the novel ‘spatial helicity response’ metric to quantify average scatterer size and turbidity of tissue-like samples. An exciting potential application of this work is noninvasive early cancer detection since malignant tissues exhibit alterations in scatterer size (larger nuclei) and turbidity (increased cell density).
Mapping the evidence on the Effectiveness of decentralizing HIV and TB health care services in Africa among HIV/TB patients: A systematic scoping review protocol
Authors: Msibi Zethu Sandrah , Mahomed Ozayr 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Antiretroviral therapy decentralization has been implemented to scale up access to treatment and improve the outcomes for patients with Human Immune-Deficiency Virus (HIV). HIV-associated tuberculosis is still a major public health concern despite the improved antiretroviral coverage.,. The aim of this scoping review is to map evidence on the feasibility of decentralization of HIV and TB health care services to improve client outcomes.
Methods
A structured literature search on the topic will be conducted in relevant bibliographic databases. The Arksey and O’Malley scoping review methodology will be used to undertake the review. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EBSCOhost, and ProQuest One Academic will be searched using the following key words: “HIV and TB service decentralization” in for manuscripts published between 2017 and 2021 with title and abstract screening and full text review. Screening and extraction will be performed independently by two authors using EndNote X9 and Rayyan software. The data will be extracted using Microsoft Excel. Using a data charting form, data will be sifted and organized by key categories and themes.
Discussion
The scoping review will establish the literature on effectiveness of the decentralization models of HIV/TB care. As an anticipation, the scoping review will identify gaps for synthesis on decentralization of HIV/TB care to primary health care which may not be currently known. This review shall display different decentralization approaches and concepts that are currently available.
Systematic review registration
On September 17, 2022, we registered our protocol with the Open Science Framework (OSF) platform’s registries (registration link: https://osf.io/ht8wr).
Global competency impact of sustained remote international engagement for students
Authors: Kelly Tracy , Bekele Abebe , Kapadia Sonja G , Jassal Simrat K , Ineza Darlene , Uwizeyimana Theogene , Clarke Olivia , Flickinger Tabor E , Dillingham Rebecca , Durieux Marcel E 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: To provide just equity in academic exchange, as well as to reduce prohibitive travel cost and address environmental concerns, the past paradigm of international student exchange has fundamentally shifted from one directional travel to mutually beneficial bidirectional remote communication between students all over the globe. Current analysis aims to quantify cultural competency and evaluate academic outcomes.
Methods: Sixty students half from the US and half from Rwanda grouped in teams of 4 engaged in a nine-month project-focused relationship. Cultural competency was evaluated prior to project initiation and six months after completion of the project. Student perspective of project development was analyzed weekly and final academic outcome was evaluated.
Results: Change in cultural competency was not significant; however, students did identify satisfaction in team interaction and academic outcomes were achieved.
Conclusion: A single remote exchange between students in two countries may not be transformative but it can provide cultural enrichment and successful academic project outcome and may serve to enhance cultural curiosity.
Classification of Health care Products using Hybrid CNN-LSTM Model
Authors: Reddy B Ramakantha , R Lokesh Kumar 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Automated health care products classification is a challenging field of research that has recently gained a lot of interest. This process is beneficial in terms of time and cost but problematic in obtaining annotated data and lacks uniformity. The high volume of healthcare products and their categories raise the need for machine learning models that can decrease the time and cost spent by human editors. Deep learning techniques that have recently emerged are applied to automated healthcare data classification. The efficacy of the deep learning model depends on the training data and the learning model's suitability for the data domain. When the dataset is large, training a model requires potent processors, including GPUs and might take hours. However, when such a large volume of data is unavailable, the Conventional Neural Network (CNN) does not train well for the lack of enough samples. To overcome this issue, an effective classification method is proposed to classify the products with a contemporary architecture that integrates the data selection, transformation, and filtering processes with the training of CNN and long short-term memory (LSTM) with limited labeled data and has an imbalance among the classes. Finally, the proposed approach demonstrates that using an efficient classifier at the end of the CNN structure delivers the desired performance even when the CNN model is not intensely trained.
Palatal myoclonus and hypertrophic olivary degeneration following Wernekinck Commissure Syndrome: a case report
Authors: Zhang Qian , Guo Jiahuan , Zhao Xingquan , Zhang Xinghu , Ma Yuetao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Hypertrophic olivary degeneration (HOD), a rare form of transsynaptic degeneration, is secondary to dentato-rubro-olivary pathway injuries in some cases. For the first time, we describe a HOD patient who presented with palatal myoclonus secondary to wernekinck commissure syndrome caused by a rare bilateral “heart-shaped” infarct lesion in the midbrain.
Case presentation:
A 49-year-old man presented with progressive gait instability in the past 7 months. The patient had a history of posterior circulation ischemic stroke presenting with diplopia, slurred speech, and difficulty swallowing and walking 3 years ago. The symptoms improved after treatment. The feeling of imbalance appeared and aggravated gradually in the past 7 months. Neurological examination demonstrated dysarthria, horizontal nystagmus, bilateral cerebellar ataxia, and 2–3 Hz rhythmic contractions of the soft palate and upper larynx. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain performed 3 years prior to this admission showed an acute midline lesion in the midbrain exhibiting a remarkable “heart appearance” on diffusion weighted imaging. MRI after this admission revealed T2 and FLAIR hyperintensity with hypertrophy of the bilateral inferior olivary nucleus. We considered a diagnosis of HOD resulting from a midbrain heart-shaped infarction, which caused wernekinck commissure syndrome 3 years ago and later HOD. Adamantanamine and B vitamins were administered for neurotrophic treatment. Rehabilitation training was also performed. One year later, the symptoms of this patient neither improved nor were aggravated.
Conclusion
This case report suggests that patients with a history of midbrain injury, especially Wernekinck commissure, should be alert to the possibility of delayed bilateral HOD when new symptoms occur or original symptoms are aggravated.