bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Untreated major depression in healthcare workers: Results from the nationwide AMADEUS survey
Authors: Fond Guillaume , Lucas Guillaume , Boyer Laurent 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsRecent studies have suggested increased rates of depression in healthcare workers (HCWs), with direct impact on care quality and productivity. The objective was to determine the proportion of HCWs adequately treated for their major depression in a nationwide survey, the proportion of lifestyle risk factors for depression, and to determine if working in psychiatry department or professional status may modulate these outcomes.DesignThe method followed the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Statement guidelines. A survey comprising the Center for Epidemiologic Studies‐Depression Scale was sent to public and private national healthcare facilities.ResultsOverall, 10,325 participants were recruited; 3438 (33.3%) [95% confidence interval 32.4–34.2] met likely diagnostic criteria for clinical depression. Almost 80% of them declared that they had a history of major depressive episode. However, only approximately 23% of them were treated with antidepressants and approximately 13% had a psychiatric follow‐up. Depressed HCWs working in psychiatry departments received slightly better care for their depression, but they also consumed more anxiolytics and hypnotics and had more risk factors for depression (including smoking and hazardous drinking). We found specificities according to professions, physicians reported higher rates of hazardous drinking while nurses, nurse assistants, and health executives had higher rates of smoking and twice as much obesity as physicians.ConclusionDisseminating tools to detect major depression, programs destigmatizing depression and antidepressants, promoting physical activity, weight loss, tobacco cessation and reduced alcohol consumption are promising strategies to improve the care of major depression in HCWs.Relevance to clinical practiceReducing depression in healthcare workers is necessary to improve the quality of care, to limit burnout, medical errors, absenteeism and turn‐over and globally to improve the wellbeing at work.
Development and Effectiveness of the School‐Based Education Program for Coping With Particulate Matter
Authors: Cho Soo Hyun , Oh Won‐Oak , Suk Minhyun , Park Soo Kyung 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDAdolescents are considered to be vulnerable to particulate matter (PM). This study aims to develop and verify the effectiveness of the “school‐based education program for coping with particulate matter (SEPC_PM).” This program was designed by employing the health belief model.METHODSHigh school students between the ages of 15 and 18 in South Korea participated in the program. This study employed a nonequivalent control group pretest‐posttest design. A total of 113 students participated in the study; of these, 56 students participated in the intervention group, and 57 in the control group. The intervention group received 8 intervention sessions the SEPC_PM over the course of 4 weeks.RESULTSAfter the completion of the program, the intervention group's knowledge about PM showed a statistically significant increase (t = 4.79, p < .001). The practice of engaging in health‐managing behaviors to protect against PM also showed statistically significant improvement in the intervention group, with the greatest progress in practicing precaution when outdoors (t = 2.22, p = .029). No statistically significant changes were observed regarding other dependent variables. However, a subdomain of the variable of perceived self‐efficacy for engaging in health‐managing behaviors to protect against PM (degree of body cleansing after returning home) demonstrated a statistically significant increase in the intervention group (t = 1.99, p = .049).CONCLUSIONSThe SEPC_PM may be proposed for incorporation into regular high school curricula to improve students' health by encouraging them to take necessary actions against PM.
Effect of homeostatic pressure on daytime vigilance performance: Evidence from behaviour and resting‐state EEG
Authors: Hao Chao , Xie Tian , Peng Yudi , Li Mingzhu , Luo Wei , Ma Ning 
Published: March 2023

SummaryVigilance is highly sensitive to the time‐of‐day effect and goes through the daytime trough during the period of the post‐noon dip. A midday nap could maintain individuals’ vigilance at an optimal level. Thus, homeostatic sleep pressure is one of the main reasons for the post‐noon dip in daytime vigilance. The current study focussed on the role of homeostatic sleep pressure in the diurnal variation of vigilance performance with normal circadian rhythms and the corresponding neural basis. With 34 healthy adults, we recorded the resting‐state electroencephalogram activities and the following vigilance performance measured by psychomotor vigilance test in the morning, the no‐nap mid afternoon, and the nap mid afternoon. The circadian process was controlled by measuring vigilance and resting‐state electroencephalogram activities at the same time point in the nap and no‐nap conditions. Homeostatic sleep pressure accumulated from morning to mid afternoon induced the declined vigilance performance and a global increase in resting‐state delta, theta, alpha, and beta1 bands power, and a local increase in beta2 band power in the central region. Furthermore, the more the spontaneous beta2 power increased, the less vigilance declined from morning to mid afternoon. The current findings suggest that homeostatic sleep pressure increased cortical excitability but decreased cortical communication efficiency from morning to mid afternoon. In addition, the activity of the high beta waves probably reflected the compensatory effort to counteract the negative impact of the low arousal state on the following vigilance task by performing more action preparation in the no‐nap afternoon.
Effects of nitrogen deposition on carbon and nutrient cycling along a natural soil acidity gradient as revealed by metagenomics
Authors: Hagh‐Doust Niloufar , Mikryukov Vladimir , Anslan Sten , Bahram Mohammad , Puusepp Rasmus , Dulya Olesya , Tedersoo Leho 
Published: March 2023

Summary
Nitrogen (N) deposition and soil acidification are environmental challenges affecting ecosystem functioning, health, and biodiversity, but their effects on functional genes are poorly understood.
Here, we utilized metabarcoding and metagenomics to investigate the responses of soil functional genes to N deposition along a natural soil pH gradient. Soil N content was uncorrelated with pH, enabling us to investigate their effects separately.
Soil acidity strongly and negatively affected the relative abundances of most cluster of orthologous gene categories of the metabolism supercategory. Similarly, soil acidity negatively affected the diversity of functional genes related to carbon and N but not phosphorus cycling. Multivariate analyses showed that soil pH was the most important factor affecting microbial and functional gene composition, while the effects of N deposition were less important. Relative abundance of KEGG functional modules related to different parts of the studied cycles showed variable responses to soil acidity and N deposition. Furthermore, our results suggested that the diversity–function relationship reported for other organisms also applies to soil microbiomes.
Since N deposition and soil pH affected microbial taxonomic and functional composition to a different extent, we conclude that N deposition effects might be primarily mediated through soil acidification in forest ecosystems.
Advanced sedation in oral surgery as an alternative to General Anaesthetic: A service evaluation
Authors: Cullingham Pippa , George Giju 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimThe management of dentoalveolar procedures under general anaesthetic has been a widespread challenge recently. The establishment and implementation of an advanced sedation service within the oral surgery department at Liverpool University Dental Hospital offered a potential alternative to managing those awaiting procedures. A comprehensive service evaluation aimed to demonstrate that patients previously considered for general anaesthetic could be safely and efficiently managed with an advanced sedation service.Materials and MethodsThe service evaluation employed mixed methods; a data collection tool captured procedural demographics retrospectively whilst a patient‐reported outcome measure (PROM) was designed to engage patients regarding their experience.ResultsThe service evaluation highlighted that 27% of patients previously listed for general anaesthetic were managed with local anaesthetic or conscious sedation alone. The sedation outcomes demonstrated that all patients were co‐operative and achieved an optimal level of sedation. No adverse sedation outcomes were recorded. Patient‐reported outcomes were positive with 100% rating it as an excellent service.ConclusionsThe use of an advanced sedation service has demonstrated successful outcomes and reduced reliance on theatre resources. The use of polypharmacy; midazolam and propofol, provides a safe, effective and efficient modality to perform complex procedures in an outpatient hospital setting. Advanced sedation techniques can be particularly effective in the management of complex procedures, dental anxiety and in adolescent and medically complex patients. Patient engagement supports the service as an effective option for delivering quality care.
Open‐window mapping for ablation of Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome related hemodynamically unstable tachycardia
Authors: Kantharia Bharat K. , Shah Arti N 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDuring catheter ablation (CA) of tachycardia, conventional point‐by‐point mapping may be hindered due to hemodynamic instability. We performed open‐window mapping (CARTO, Biosense Webster, USA) in a patient who developed hemodynamic instability during orthodromic atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia (AVRT) and unwarranted induction of AVRT during attempts to map accessory pathway (AP) with ventricular pacing. With over 11,000 points acquired rapidly, the system accurately identified AP at the mitral valve (MV) annulus where the application of single radiofrequency (RF) lesion promptly eliminated AP's conduction. Our case illustrates the utility of open‐window mapping for the ablation of AVRT.
The inferior frontal gyrus spontaneous activity mediates the association of early life adversity with self‐control ability in late adolescents
Authors: Li Qingqing , Song Shiqing , Xiang Guangcan , Fu Zhenrong , Zhou Zongkui , Chen Hong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSelf‐control, the ability to regulate prepotent desires or impulses in order to realize one's valued goal, has been found to be associated with early life adversity. However, the neural correlates underlying this relationship remain poorly understood. The present study employedresting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) to investigate this issue among late adolescents (N = 538). Results showed that family unpredictability rather than family harshness of early life adversity was negatively correlated with self‐control ability. The whole brain analysis showed that self‐control was associated with enhanced ALFF in the right middle and inferior frontal gyrus, the left anterior insula, and with decreased ALFF in the left precuneus. Moreover, the mediating analysis showed that ALFF in the inferior frontal gyrus could partially mediated the association of family unpredictability with self‐control ability. These findings suggested that the brain regions implicating in executive control might be the neural correlates underlying the relationship between early life adversity and self‐control ability, which advances the mechanistic understanding of how early family environment relates to the development of self‐regulation in late adolescence.
Palliative care for interstitial lung disease: A nationwide survey of pulmonary specialists
Authors: Fujisawa Tomoyuki , Akiyama Norimichi , Morita Tatsuya , Koyauchi Takafumi , Matsuda Yoshinobu , Mori Masanori , Miyashita Mitsunori , Tachikawa Ryo , Tomii Keisuke , Tomioka Hiromi , Hagimoto Satoshi , Kondoh Yasuhiro , Inoue Yoshikazu , Suda Takafumi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveInterstitial lung disease (ILD) is progressive with high symptom burdens and poor prognosis. Patients with ILD need optimal palliative care to maintain their quality of life, however, few nationwide surveys have addressed palliative care for ILD.MethodsA nationwide, self‐administered questionnaire was conducted. Questionnaires were sent by mail to pulmonary specialists certified by the Japanese Respiratory Society (n = 3423). The current practices of PC for ILD, end‐of‐life communication, referral to a PC team, barriers to PC for ILD, and comparison of PC between ILD and lung cancer (LC).Results1332 (38.9%) participants completed the questionnaire, and the data of 1023 participants who had cared for ILD patients in the last year were analysed. Most participants reported that ILD patients often or always complained of dyspnoea and cough, but only 25% had referred them to a PC team. The timing of end‐of‐life communication tended to be later than the physician‐perceived ideal timing. The participants experienced significantly greater difficulty in symptomatic relief and decision‐making in PC for ILD compared to LC. Prescription of opioids for dyspnoea was less frequent for ILD than for LC. ILD‐specific barriers in PC included an ‘inability to predict prognosis’, ‘lack of established treatments for dyspnoea’, ‘shortage of psychological and social support’, and ‘difficulty for patients/families to accept the disease's poor prognosis’.ConclusionPulmonary specialists experienced more difficulty in providing PC for ILD compared to LC and reported considerable ILD‐specific barriers in PC. Multifaceted clinical studies are needed to develop optimal PC for ILD.
Salicylic acid regulates two photosystem II protection pathways in tomato under chilling stress mediated by ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 3‐like proteins
Authors: Zhang Meng , Zhang Mingyue , Wang Jieyu , Dai Shanshan , Zhang Minghui , Meng Qingwei , Ma Nana , Zhuang Kunyang 
Published: March 2023

SUMMARYChilling stress seriously impairs photosynthesis and activates a series of molecular responses in plants. Previous studies have shown that ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 3 (EIN3) and EIN3‐like (SlEIL) proteins mediate ethylene signaling and reduce plant tolerance to freezing in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). However, the specific molecular mechanisms underlying an EIN3/EILs‐mediated photoprotection pathway under chilling stress are unclear. Here, we discovered that salicylic acid (SA) participates in photosystem II (PSII) protection via SlEIL2 and SlEIL7. Under chilling stress, the phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase gene SlPAL5 plays an important role in the production of SA, which also induces WHIRLY1 (SlWHY1) transcription. The resulting accumulation of SlWHY1 activates SlEIL7 expression under chilling stress. SlEIL7 then binds to and blocks the repression domain of the heat shock factor SlHSFB‐2B, releasing its inhibition of HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN 21 (HSP21) expression to maintain PSII stability. In addition, SlWHY1 indirectly represses SlEIL2 expression, allowing the expression of l‐GALACTOSE‐1‐PHOSPHATE PHOSPHATASE3 (SlGPP3). The ensuing higher SlGPP3 abundance promotes the accumulation of ascorbic acid (AsA), which scavenges reactive oxygen species produced upon chilling stress and thus protects PSII. Our study demonstrates that SlEIL2 and SlEIL7 protect PSII under chilling stress via two different SA response mechanisms: one involving the antioxidant AsA and the other involving the photoprotective chaperone protein HSP21.
A combination of modified Kuhnt–Szymanowski and Celsus–Hotz techniques for correction of entropion and overlong lower eyelids in dogs (40 eyes)
Authors: Walter Hanna , Bilotta Teresa , Goncalves Catarina , Busse Claudia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPurposeTo describe a surgical approach to correct entropion and overlong lower eyelids in dogs by combining the Celsus–Hotz with the modified Kuhnt–Szymanowski technique.MethodsMedical records of patients undergoing the described surgical procedure were reviewed. A semilunar‐shaped piece of lower eyelid was excised and combined with an angled incision at the most lateral aspect of the wound. Adjacent to this incision a skin flap was mobilized to expose the subcutaneous tissue in the ventral aspects. A four‐sided wedge resection was used to shorten the lid margin in variable positions. Following closure of the eyelid margin wedge resection, a wedge of equal width was removed from the lateral skin flap. Skin and subcutaneous tissues were closed in a routine fashion.ResultsAll surgeries were performed by an ECVO diplomate or resident. The surgery was performed unilaterally in four and bilaterally in 18 dogs. Most common breeds were English Bulldog (n = 7), Saint Bernard (3), Rottweiler (2) and Cane Corso Italiano (2). Median age was 22 months (range 5–100 months). Median follow‐up was 30 days (range 9–987 days). A single surgical procedure was sufficient to correct the entropion in 97.5% (39/40) of eyes.ConclusionThe combination technique described is a suitable surgical procedure to simultaneously correct lower lid entropion and excessive eyelid length, with the added benefits of a stepped wound closure and a flexible lid margin wedge positioning.
Sulcus intraocular lens implantation in 17 dogs using a modified ab externo technique
Authors: Moody Leah M. , Kuhn‐Asif Sonia E. , Westermeyer Hans D. , Hendrix Diane V. H. , Ward Daniel A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo describe a modified ab externo method of sulcus intraocular lens (IOL) fixation and report outcomes of eyes treated with this approach.ProceduresRecords of patients with lens instability or luxation that underwent a lensectomy and sulcus IOL implantation from January 2004 to December 2020 were reviewed.ResultsNineteen eyes of 17 dogs had a sulcus IOL placed via a modified ab externo approach. The median follow‐up time was 546 days (range 29–3387 days). Eight eyes (42.1%) developed POH. A total of six eyes (31.6%) developed glaucoma and required medical management long term to control IOP. The IOL position was satisfactory in most cases. Nine eyes developed superficial corneal ulcers within 4 weeks following surgery, all of which healed without complication. At the time of the last follow‐up, 17 eyes were visual (89.5%).ConclusionsThe technique described represents a potentially less technically challenging option for sulcus IOL implantation. The success rate and complications are similar to previously described approaches.
Oral appliance therapy for the management of obstructive sleep apnea in adults: an umbrella review protocol
Authors: Ghosh Parvathy , Janakiram Chandrashekar , Nilambur Kovilakam Sapna Varma , Vallikat Velath Ajith , Kadekuzhi Sarika 
Published: March 2023

Objective:
The objective of this review is to summarize the evidence on the effectiveness of oral appliance therapy compared with other therapeutic approaches (continuous positive airway pressure, maxillomandibular and upper airway surgeries, behavioral techniques) for the management of obstructive sleep apnea in adults.

Introduction:
For primary snoring, mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea, and patients with a severe condition who are intolerant of continuous positive airway pressure therapy, an oral appliance is the treatment of choice among conservative procedures. The effectiveness of these appliances is largely determined by a variety of parameters, including the severity of sleep apnea (mild, moderate, severe), materials and methods used to fabricate the appliance, and the degree of mandibular protrusion. Thus, it is important to evaluate the effectiveness of oral appliances in the reduction of sleep apnea.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will include systematic reviews of quantitative studies reporting on the effectiveness of oral appliances for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea of any severity, confirmed using polysomnography. The primary outcome will be measured by reduction in the apnea–hypopnea index.

Methods:
A search will be conducted of MEDLINE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, Epistemonikos, Embase, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, and Shodhganga Dissertations and Theses from database inception until the present, with no language restrictions. Google Scholar will be searched manually. Two independent reviewers will screen titles, abstracts, and full-text articles and perform data extraction. Quality assessment will be conducted using the standard JBI critical appraisal tool. Data will be extracted from systematic reviews and a synthesis of the findings will be presented. The certainty will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE).

Review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42021258515
MicroRNAs – small RNAs with a big influence on brain excitability
Authors: Morris Gareth 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMicroRNAs are non‐coding RNAs, approximately 22 nt in length, which serve to negatively regulate gene expression through binding to complementary sequences in the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of target mRNA. The microRNA–target interaction does not require perfect complementarity, meaning that an individual microRNA often has a pool of hundreds of gene targets. Equally, one 3′UTR can contain target sites for many different microRNAs. This gives rise to a complex web of molecular interactions. An emerging concept is that microRNAs have a role as ‘master’ regulators of certain cellular properties, simultaneously mediating the subtle repression of multiple related genes within a pathway or system, thereby achieving a common phenotypic output. One such example is regulation of brain excitability. There are numerous examples of microRNAs which can target ion channels, ion transporters and genes associated with synaptic transmission. Often, the expression of the microRNA itself is regulated in an activity‐dependent manner, thereby forming homeostatic loops. Limitations in our understanding arise from the sheer complexity of microRNA–target interactions, which are difficult to capture experimentally and computationally. Further, many microRNA studies rely on animal model systems, but many microRNAs (and mRNA targets) have sequences which are either not conserved or are entirely unique in the human brain. This leaves many exciting and challenging opportunities to further progress the field in an attempt to fully understand the roles of microRNAs in brain function.
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Engineering and Technical Solutions When Designing a Turbulent Lidar
Authors: Razenkov I. A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Design characteristics of a turbulent lidar, which affect its thermo-mechanical stability, are determined. Two different designs are compared with different approaches to the selection of transceiving optics and detectors and arrangement of the temperature control system for stabilizing the lidar optical bench. A procedure is suggested for simulation of the lidar transceiver, including the calculation of the displacements of optical elements relative to the base points on the optical bench and the ray tracing from the laser into the atmosphere and back. The effect of the temperature gradient between the opposite sides of the optical bench on the operation of the receiving channels is analyzed. The results of the experimental study of lidar resistance to temperature changes are described. Recommendations for improving the design of a turbulent lidar are formulated.