bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From √3 × √3 R30°-arsenene to 5 × 5-arsenene on Ag(111): an atomic reversible phase transition
Authors: Padova Paola De , Ottaviani Carlo , Olivieri Bruno , Krawiec Mariusz 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Two dimensional (2D) √3 × √3 R30°-As, has been discovered on Ag(111)1 × 1 surface, by depositing 1 monolayer of As, keeping the silver substrate at a temperature of ∼450 °C, while a 2D 5 × 5 reconstruction, attributed to arsenene, appeared at a lower temperature of ∼350 °C. The two √3 × √3 R30°-As and 5 × 5-arsenene surface reconstructions were experimentally investigated by means of low electron energy diffraction, and Auger electron spectroscopy, while the first-principles calculations, by using density functional theory, confirmed their atomic configurations, surface stability, and the prediction that the √3 × √3 R30°-As reconstruction, can be considered as a new allotropic form of arsenene, exhibiting electronic structure with metallic character. A reversible structural phase transition, from the 2D √3 × √3 R30°-arsenene to the 5 × 5-arsenene surface reconstruction, induced by electron-beam irradiation, and recovered to the √3 × √3 R30°-As, by annealing, was observed, opening a new path to study reversible phase transitions in elemental epitaxial 2D materials.
Conclusion
Authors: Shanahan Brendan A 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The conclusion summarizes the main arguments of the book and considers developments in nativist state politics and alienage law since 1965. It asks whether we should understand the proliferation of recent and ongoing battles over immigration federalism primarily as continuous with, distinct from, or a reboot of earlier debates over disparate regimes of citizenship rights. It contends that there are more differences than continuities between the pre- and post-1965 periods. But it also argues that more recent developments often operate on the premise that citizenship rights as citizen-only rights are real, carry weight, and can be—at least theoretically—defined. This, the conclusion argues, is a direct legacy of earlier disputes over nativist state politics and alienage law waged from the late nineteenth to the mid-twentieth centuries.
Two-Sample Distribution Tests in High Dimensions via Max-Sliced Wasserstein Distance and Bootstrapping
Authors: Hu Xiaoyu , Lin Zhenhua 
Published: January 2025

Summary
Two-sample hypothesis testing is a fundamental statistical problem for inference about two populations. In this paper, we construct a novel test statistic to detect high-dimensional distributional differences based on the max-sliced Wasserstein distance to mitigate the curse of dimensionality. By exploiting an intriguing link between the distance and suprema of empirical processes, we develop an effective bootstrapping procedure to approximate the null distribution of the test statistic. One distinctive feature of the proposed test is the ability to construct simultaneous confidence intervals for the max-sliced Wasserstein distances of projected distributions of interest. This enables not only the detection of global distributional differences but also the identification of significantly different marginal distributions between two populations, without the need for additional tests. We establish the convergence of Gaussian and bootstrap approximations of the proposed test, based on which we show that the test is asymptotically valid and powerful as long as the considered max-sliced Wasserstein distance is adequately large. The merits of our approach are illustrated via simulated and real data examples.
Un/heard, un/informed, un/involved: Meaningful participation for young people receiving child welfare services
Authors: Khan Anam , Ungar Michael 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Children have the right to be heard in child protection proceedings. However, in social work, young people receiving protective services are often perceived as vulnerable and in need of protection, an attitude which prevents young people from participating in making important decisions that affect their lives. In this article, child participation in child welfare services (CWS) is explored through qualitative interviews with thirty-three young people aged fourteen to nineteen, receiving CWS in Nova Scotia, Canada. A thematic analysis of the findings highlighted four overarching themes—un/heard, un/informed, un/involved, and coping strategies—to describe youths’ experiences with service providers. The findings suggest that involving children in casework, including decisions regarding placement, has the potential to foster trust in care providers, improve cooperation and access to formal and informal supports, and enhance child well-being during and after receiving CWS.
A bioactive Hydrogel Patch Accelerates Revascularization in Ischemic Lesions for Tissue Repair
Authors: Liu Zhuo , Wu Kang , Zeng Hong , Huang Wenxin , Wang Xuemeng , Qu Ying , Chen Chuntao , Zhang Lei , Sun Dongpin , Chen Sifeng , Lin Xiao , Sun Ning , Yang Lei , Xu Chen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Magnesium ions play crucial roles in maintaining cellular functions. Research has shown that Mg2+ can promote angiogenesis, indicating its potential for treating cardiovascular ischemic diseases. However, conventional intravenous or oral administration of Mg2+ presents several challenges, including the risk of systemic side effects, diminished bioavailability, and a lack of targeted delivery mechanisms. In this study, we designed a Mg2+-releasing adhesive tissue patch (MgAP) that enables the dural release of Mg2+ ions.

Methods
A novel Mg2+-releasing adhesive patch (MgAP) was developed on the basis of ionic crosslinking. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the chemical structure, whereas rheological analysis demonstrated stable mechanical properties and adaptability to dynamic loads. Sustained Mg2+ release was quantified over 7 days by inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry. In a rat acute myocardial infarction model, we performed echocardiography and strain analysis to assess cardiac function and histological staining to evaluate adverse remodeling. We also verified the proangiogenic effect through in vitro tube formation and in vivo immunofluorescence assays. Furthermore, transcriptomics and Western blotting were performed to explore the underlying mechanism. Additional assessments were also carried out in a rat model of lower limb ischemia.

Results
Compared with intravenous administration of magnesium chloride, MgAP application effectively improved cardiac function and reduced adverse remodeling in the myocardial infarction rat model. The left ventricular ejection fraction increased by 20.3 ± 6.6%, and the cardiac radial strain improved by 27.4 ± 4.1%. The cardiac fibrosis area and cell apoptosis rate decreased by 10.9 ± 1.2% and 32.1 ± 5.5%, respectively. RNA sequencing analysis also highlighted the upregulation of genes related to cardiac electrophysiological properties, structural and functional intercellular connections, and revascularization. The increased gap junction protein expression and restored local blood supply could contribute to the cardiac repair process posttreatment. The proangiogenic effect of MgAP was also observed in the rat limb ischemia model.

Conclusions
The above results revealed the convincing vascular regeneration effect of an ion therapy-based hydrogel, which enabled the local delivery of Mg2+ to the targeted ischemic tissue, aiding in cardiac and lower limb repair. This study presents a novel strategy and highlights its potential for use across various ischemic conditions.
Mobile/wearable digital devices for care of active cancer patients: a survey from the ESC Council of Cardio-Oncology
Authors: Boriani Giuseppe , Imberti Jacopo F , Asteggiano Riccardo , Ameri Pietro , Mei Davide A , Farkowski Michał , Chun Julian , Merino Josè Luis , Lopez-Fernandez Teresa , Lyon Alexander R 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Aims
The Council of Cardio-Oncology of the European Society of Cardiology developed an on-line anonymous survey to provide an overall picture of the current practice on the use of mobile and wearable digital devices in cardio-oncology and the potential barriers to their large-scale applicability.

Methods and results
Between June 2023 and January 2024, an online anonymous questionnaire was completed by 220 healthcare professionals from 55 countries. The greatest number of respondents reported that mobile/wearable digital devices have a role in all active cancer patients for measuring heart rate (33.9%), blood pressure (34.4%), body temperature (32.0%), physical activity (42.4%), and sleep (31.2%). In the setting of atrial fibrillation detection, respondents were evenly split between applying these technologies in all patients (33.0%) or only in selected patients (33.0%). Regarding QTc interval monitoring, 30.6% reported that mobile/wearable digital devices play a role only in selected patients. The decision to use the device was taken by the patient in 56.6% of cases and the physician in 43.4%. The most important barrier reported to mobile/wearable device implementation in the setting of cardiac rhythm monitoring and QTc measurement was their cost (weighted average: 3.38 and 3.39, respectively).

Conclusion
Mobile/wearable digital devices are considered to play an important role in different settings of cardio-oncology, including monitoring of patients’ parameters and arrhythmia detection. Their role in monitoring physical activity and QTc interval appears more nuanced. The most important perceived barrier to mobile/wearable digital device implementation is considered their high cost.
Evaluation and calibration of the array-layout effects in dispersion spectra obtained from the frequency–Bessel transform
Authors: Zhou Jie , Li Zhengbo , Chen Xiaofei 
Published: January 2025

SUMMARY
Dispersion curves of surface waves are widely used for the inversion of subsurface structures. To extract dispersion curves, many methods have been developed. Among them, multichannel analysis of surface waves such as slant stack and frequency–Bessel transform can extract not only the fundamental mode, but also overtones. Inversion with overtones is proven to be more stable and has better resolution at greater depths. However, with a limited number of array receivers, artefacts and misfits due to array-layout effects arise in the dispersion spectra and impede the identification of dispersion curves. We evaluate the array-layout effects in the frequency–Bessel transform and calculate the array response functions which can help to mitigate artefacts and calibrate dispersion curves. We apply this technique to synthetic simulated, active source and ambient noise data. The artefacts caused by array-layout effects can be mitigated, which helps the identification of dispersion curves. We further calculate the Pearson correlation coefficient between the array response function and the dispersion spectrum section. It is used to calibrate the biases produced by the array-layout effects if we select dispersion curves by maximum values. The confidence intervals of the dispersion curves are then determined based on the correlation coefficients. It is helpful for the design of array layouts according to the investigation depths of interest.
Genome assembly of pomegranate highlights structural variations driving population differentiation and key loci underpinning cold adaption
Authors: Luo Xiang , Shua Zhenyang , Zhao Diguang , Liu Beibei , Luo Hua , Chen Ying , Meng Dong , Song Zhihua , Yang Qing , Wang Zicheng , Tang Dong , Zhang Xingguo , Zhang Juan , Ma Kai , Yao Wen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Cold damage poses a significant challenge to the cultivation of soft-seeded pomegranate varieties, hindering the growth of the pomegranate industry. The genetic basis of cold tolerance in pomegranates has remained elusive, largely due to the lack of high-quality genome assemblies for cold-tolerant varieties and comprehensive population-scale genomic studies. In this study, we addressed these challenges by assembling a high-quality chromosome-level reference genome for 'Sanbai', a pomegranate variety renowned for its freezing resistance, achieving an impressive contig N50 of 15.93 Mb. This robust assembly, enhanced by long-read sequencing of 38 pomegranate accessions, facilitated the identification of 14,239 polymorphic structural variants, revealing their critical roles in genomic diversity and population differentiation related to cold tolerance. Of particular significance was the discovery of a ~5.4-Mb inversion on chromosome 1, which emerged as an important factor affecting cold tolerance in pomegranate. Moreover, through the integration of bulked segregant analysis, differential selection analysis, and genetic transformation techniques, we identified and validated the interaction between the PgNAC12 transcription factor and PgCBF1, disclosing their pivotal roles in response to cold stress. These findings mark a significant advancement in pomegranate genomics, offering novel insights into the genetic mechanisms of cold tolerance and providing valuable resources for the genetic improvement of soft-seeded pomegranate varieties.
Economic benefits of new broadband network coverage and service adoption: evidence from OECD member states
Authors: Briglauer Wolfgang , Cambini Carlo , Gugler Klaus , Sabatino Lorien 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A broad-scale rollout and adoption of new broadband networks and services, respectively, are expected to generate innovative services for consumers and create a high potential for productivity increases and economic growth. However, there is no evidence available on the causal impact of both broadband coverage and adoption on economic outcomes, which we measure as gross domestic product (GDP). Moreover, no study has yet simultaneously considered the impact of both new wireline broadband based on fiber-optic technologies and wireless (mobile) broadband based on 3G+/4G technologies. Distinguishing these effects is of crucial relevance for the efficient design of broadband policies. To provide reliable evidence on causal effects, we utilize comprehensive panel data for 32 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries for the years 2002–2020 and panel fixed-effects estimators including instrumental variables estimation. Our results show that both fixed and mobile broadband adoption exert a substantial and significant impact on GDP, while network deployment per se exhibits only minor multiplier-related effects on GDP per capita. Contemporaneous effects of a 1% increase in fixed broadband adoption impact GDP per capita growth in a range of 0.026–0.034%, while a 1% increase in mobile broadband adoption contributes between 0.092% and 0.102%. While the impact of contemporaneous mobile broadband adoption is substantially higher, fixed broadband adoption shows stronger dynamic and cumulative effects, as well as larger effects in later deployment periods. Generally, our results are consistent with the notion that the adoption of technologies to substantial proportions of the population is most important in driving economic growth.
Comic objectification
Authors: Walker Zoe 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Is finding someone funny a way of treating them as an object? And if so, does that make it immoral? In this paper, I argue that seeing someone as comic involves failing to take into account their subjectivity, which makes it a form of objectification. As for the morality of this ‘comic objectification’, I argue that regarding someone with a comically objectifying attitude is wrongful when such an attitude plays a role in legitimating the oppression of members of their social group.
A rapid literature review of the impact of penicillin allergy on antibiotic resistance
Authors: Ahmed Shadia , Sandoe Jonathan A T 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is caused by the use and misuse of antibiotics. AMR is a global health concern, to which penicillin allergy (penA) labels appear to contribute. Patients who have penA labels are treated with non-penicillin antibiotics and receive more antibiotics when compared with patients without penA. Although penA is common, after formal allergy assessments, &gt;90% of people with a penA label are found not to be allergic; therefore, broad-spectrum antibiotics are being misused and overused unnecessarily in these patients. Antimicrobial stewardship policies now advocate assessment to identify and remove incorrect penA labels; however, there is limited evidence on whether rectifying incorrect penA labels results in less AMR. This review aimed to assess the association between AMR and antibiotic allergy labels.

Methods
A comprehensive literature search using EMBASE and MEDLINE databases was conducted. Studies were included if they compared the presence of infection or colonization with an antimicrobial-resistant organism in participants with and without antibiotic allergy.

Results
Thirty-three studies were included, and all the studies were observational in design and included a variety of patient groups. Eighteen studies compared AMR outcomes in participants with and without penA, and the rest investigated the impact of beta-lactam allergy or any antibiotic allergy on AMR outcomes. MRSA was the most investigated pathogen, and 11 of 13 studies showed that penA was associated with MRSA. PenA labels were also associated with vancomycin-resistant enterococci (three of five studies). There was limited evidence on the impact of penA on extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales and resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Conclusion
The presence of penA labels is associated with antibiotic resistance in key pathogens in a wide variety of patient groups.
Collective Layoffs and Offshoring: A Social Contract Account
Authors: Granulo Armin , Kranzbühler Anne-Madeleine , Fuchs Christoph , Puntoni Stefano 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Collective layoffs can occur for many reasons, often related to a firm’s pursuit of greater efficiency and cost reduction, and they tend to trigger negative reactions among the public. Anecdotal evidence suggests that offshoring, one of the most controversial and politicized aspects of globalization, evokes particularly negative reactions. We propose a social contract account of consumer reactions to collective layoffs and demonstrate differential consumer responses to collective layoffs due to offshoring versus other reasons, such as automation. Layoffs due to offshoring are perceived as an especially egregious violation of the normative expectation that firms should support members of their society. Data from nine experimental studies (N = 5,568; seven reported in the main paper and two in the General Discussion), public consumer responses to layoffs in a large online community (N = 29,045), and layoff announcements in the European Union (N = 1,261) show that consumers react more negatively to collective layoffs due to offshoring compared to other reasons. Supporting our social contract account, the negative effect of offshoring is stronger when offshoring affects workers in the consumers’ home (vs. foreign) country, when the firm is domestic (vs. foreign), and when most customers are domestic (vs. foreign).
When and Why Consumers (Erroneously) Believe Income Impacts the Enjoyment of Consumption Experiences
Authors: Olson Jenny G , McFerran Brent , Morales Andrea C , Dahl Darren W 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We examine how people (as observers) anticipate levels of happiness from psychological consumption experiences (e.g., learning a new language or visiting a park). All else being equal, we propose and demonstrate that people expect differences in happiness based on income. Specifically, we show that relative to observers themselves, individuals simultaneously expect low-income consumers to enjoy psychological consumption experiences less and high-income consumers to enjoy them more. This is because consumers hold a lay theory that human needs must be fulfilled in a sequential, linear manner, which leads to income-based inferences of need prioritization. Thus, observers simultaneously believe that low-income consumers do (and should) prioritize their low-level physical needs first, but high-income consumers (who have presumably already fulfilled their physical needs) can prioritize their high-level psychological needs. Critically, we demonstrate that these lay theory-driven inferences are faulty, showing that the priority level assigned to these needs and the actual happiness resulting from psychological consumption experiences do not follow the predicted pattern. Namely, income either has no relationship with actual happiness (visitors to theme parks, sporting events, and concerts), or the reverse relationship, such that lower-income consumers report greater happiness than higher-income consumers (secondary data from a major league professional sports team).
Trade mark dilemmas in the Metaverse: interplay between stakeholders
Authors: Yarmak Alona 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The opposite interests of the stakeholders in the Metaverse produce more and more legal uncertainty. The relationship between stakeholders is defined by the author as the triangle of opposite interests, where each interest shapes the development of the Metaverse. If we have too much freedom of expression for developers but little attention is dedicated to IP clearance in which interested trade mark holders find themselves, the Metaverse collapses because of the uncontrolled circulation of fake digital goods. In this situation, developers put pressure on the whole IP system. The value of digital goods decreases which evokes negative reputational consequences for the Metaverse. In contrast, constraints from trade mark holders are also dangerous because the Metaverse will stagnate, and designers will lock in limited creative choices. In this uncertainty, we need to balance conflicting interests and revise lessons from trade mark and technology history. This problem requires an examination of the European Union and the United State case law and scholarly comments because court practice tends to limit the fair use of trade marks in favour of trade mark holders. In contrast, scholars signal potential issues with this approach as overly limiting freedom of artistic expression.