bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses support cross-talk between air pollution exposure and gut microbiome
Authors: Gu Shaowei , Cui Yikun , Chen Hui , Bai Hao , Yin Xiaolin , Yang Xiaorong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Various studies have suggested the intriguing potential of air pollution exposure to influence gut microbiota diversity. It can impact gut microbiota not only by directly entering the intestine, but also through the gut-lung axis when deposited in lungs. Nevertheless, the scarcity of compelling genetic causal evidence remains conspicuous. Our objective was to evaluate whether a genetic causal relationship exists between air pollution and gut microbiota, along with the potential implications of this connection.
Method
This study was designed to investigate the link between air pollutant exposure (encompassing PM2.5, PM10, PM2.5−10, NO2, and NOx) and alterations in the gut microbiome using a two-sample Mendelian randomization method based on summary-level GWAS study. To explore the effect of air pollutants on gut microbiota, we conducted MR analyses across five specific feature levels, including phylum, class, order, family, and genus. The main analytical approach employed was inverse variance weighting (IVW), which examined the relationship between exposure and outcome by assessing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) linked to air pollution.. Additional sensitivity analyses, such as Cochran Q test, MR-Egger regression, and leave-one-out analysis, were conducted to evaluate the robustness of the findings.
Results
A statistically noteworthy association was observed between NO2 exposure and an uptick in the genus Eubacterium fissicatena group [IVW-odds ratio (OR) = 2.20; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.42–3.41; P = 4.36*10− 4], the Gordonibacter genus (IVW-OR = 2.29; 95%CI: 1.48–3.56; P = 2.17*10− 4), and the LachnosPiraceae genus (IVW-OR = 1.82; 95%CI: 1.32–2.51; P = 2.37*10− 4). Contrarily, a decrease in the abundance of the Holdemania genus (IVW-OR = 0.616; 95%CI: 0.47–0.81; P = 6.58*10− 4) and the Ruminococcus gauvreauii genus (IVW-OR = 0.663; 95%CI: 0.53–0.83; P = 4.63*10− 4) was linked with NO2 exposure. Furthermore, PM2.5 exposure was associated with a lower presence of Family XIII (IVW-OR = 0.691; 95%CI: 0.55–0.87; P = 1.47*10− 3).
Conclusion
Our findings indicate air pollutants, particularly NO2 and PM2.5, appeared to have a noteworthy association with the gut microbiota's composition, especially for genus Eubacterium fissicatena group, Gordonibacter genus, LachnosPiraceae genus, Holdemania genus and the Ruminococcus gauvreauii genus. This may offer valuable insights for further investigations into the mechanisms and clinical implications of air pollution-induced dysbiosis of the gut microbiome.
The Effect of Government Expenditure on Economic Growth in Myanmar: a Fiscal Decentralization Perspective
Authors: Phyu May Zin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This study's primary goal is to understand how government expenditure affects economic growth in Myanmar from the standpoint of fiscal decentralization and local governments' financial capability in the country. Also, by using 15 Myanmar regional state panel data and an econometric model for the years 2000–2021. The study commenced with the application of a fixed effects model, followed by the implementation of quantile regression to validate the robustness of the findings. Data was collected utilizing secondary sources from the government's Ministry of Planning and Finance as well as the Budget Department. The results of the analysis demonstrate that financial decentralization, government spending, centralization and decentralization, foreign direct investment, and the overall population all significantly and favorably affect economic growth in Myanmar, whereas labor and net exports have the negative effect. Government spending and fiscal decentralization, however, interact to produce economic growth in a statistically meaningful beneficial way. Recommendations, government spending, and the decentralization for economic growth significantly contribute to formulating measures for poverty alleviation. The region offers assistance to low-income or employed people without income access, and it has demonstrated efficacy as a significant strategy for poverty reduction in Myanmar regional state. Finally, the government can benefit from regional expenditures and fiscal decentralization to enhance competitiveness in development by elevating knowledge of regional supervisory capabilities beyond mere certifications, thus fostering regional autonomy and transforming national economies.
ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ L – АРГІНІНУ (АРГІНІНУ ГІДРОХЛОРИДУ) У ХВОРИХ НА COVID-19 ІЗ СУПУТНІМ ЦУКРОВИМ ДІАБЕТОМ 2 ТИПУ
Authors: З.Р. Тиліщак  , О.Я. Пришляк  
Published: January 2025

Перебіг коронавірусної хвороби (COVID-19) у пацієнтів із цукровим діабетом 2 типу (ЦД2) характеризується ризиком тяжкого перебігу та ускладнень. Мета. Підвищити ефективність лікування хворих на COVID-19 за допомогою включення в схему лікування препарату L-аргініну на основі вивчення клінічних та патогенетичних особливостей перебігу поєднаної патології із супутнім ЦД2. Матеріали і методи. Обстежено 60 хворих на COVID-19 із супутнім ЦД2. Основна група (30 осіб) на тлі протокольної терапії отримувала довенно краплинно препарат L-аргініну. Контрольна група (30 осіб) отримувала базову терапію. Хворим проведено загальноклінічні лабораторні дослідження, визначення біохімічних показників, коагулограми, феритину, СРБ, прокальцитоніну, Д-димеру, ендотеліну-1, інтерлейкіну-6, капіляроскопію нігтьового валика. Результати. В основній групі відмічали достовірне зменшення проявів дихальної недостатності у пацієнтів із ДН І ступеня, достовірний позитивний вплив L-аргініну на рівні інтерлейкіну-6, СРБ, прокальцитоніну, ендотеліну-1. При капіляроскопії нігтьового валика після лікування у хворих основної групи достовірно зменшилися перикапілярний набряк, відкладення гемосидерину, збільшилися довжина капілярів, діаметр артеріального відділу, зменшилися показники діаметру венозного та перехідного відділів, збільшилася щільність капілярної мережі, зменшилася міжкапілярна відстань, кількість мікротромбозів і мікрокрововиливів. Висновки. Використання препарату L-аргініну у хворих на COVID-19 із супутнім ЦД2 достовірно зменшує прояви дихальної недостатності, знижує рівень гострофазових показників, зменшує ендотеліальну дисфункцію, мікросудинні порушення, покращує капілярний кровотік.
Bridging Needs and Expectations of Individuals With Physical Disabilities and Community Services Stakeholders for the Cocreation of an Adapted Physical Activity Platform in Virtual Reality: Qualitative Study
Authors: Ramos Aurélien , Boisvert Maxence , Traverse Elodie , Levac Danielle , Lemay Martin , Demers Marika , Bordeleau Martine , Ruest Sarah-Maude , Périnet-Lacroix Roxanne , Best Krista L , Robert Maxime T 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Physical activity supports the health and well-being of individuals with physical disabilities. Despite the significance of engaging in physical activity, barriers faced by individuals with disabilities, such as limited access to adapted facilities and lack of transportation, can restrict their participation. Community organizations play a role in addressing these challenges, but virtual reality (VR) also offers a way to diversify adapted activities. In some situations, VR can help overcome the resource limitations of organizations by providing accessible, engaging, and highly personalized options for physical activity.

Objective
The aim of this study was to explore the needs and expectations of individuals with physical disabilities and their interventionists for the use of a VR physical activity platform in a community organization.

Methods
A descriptive qualitative study was conducted using semistructured interviews with individuals with physical disabilities and their interventionists, all associated with a nonprofit organization promoting physical activity among people with disabilities. Data were analyzed using an inductive thematic approach.

Results
In total, 15 participants, including 8 people with physical disabilities and 7 interventionists, were interviewed. Through this discussion, we gained insights into the everyday challenges faced by individuals with disabilities and identified priorities for community organizations. Subsequently, we discussed key considerations for using VR, including adapting activities, the possibility of fostering a more positive perception of physical activity, and harnessing the potential of VR to improve access to physical activity. We also discussed the importance of supporting personal goals and creating inclusive experiences while recognizing challenges such as technical difficulties and connectivity issues.

Conclusions
By exploring the needs and expectations regarding VR technology from individuals with physical disabilities and their interventionists, this study provided essential insights for integrating immersive and nonimmersive VR into community organizations, informing next steps for the design of adapted physical activities in VR.
Development of an eHealth Intervention Including Self-Management for Reducing Sedentary Time in the Transition to Retirement: Participatory Design Study
Authors: Hultman Lisa , Eklund Caroline , von Heideken Wågert Petra , Söderlund Anne , Lindén Maria , Elfström Magnus L 
Published: January 2025

Background
Having a great amount of sedentary time is common among older adults and increases with age. There is a strong need for tools to reduce sedentary time and promote adherence to reduced sedentary time, for which eHealth interventions have the potential to be useful. Interventions for reducing sedentary time in older adults have been found to be more effective when elements of self-management are included. When creating new eHealth interventions, accessibility and effectiveness can be increased by including end users as co-designers in the development process.

Objective
The aim was to explore the desired features of an eHealth intervention including self-management for reducing sedentary time and promoting adherence to reduced sedentary time in older adults transitioning from working life to retirement. Further, the aim was to develop a digital prototype of such an eHealth intervention.

Methods
The study used the participatory design approach to include end users, researchers, and a web designer as equal partners. Three workshops were conducted with 6 older adults transitioning to retirement, 2 researchers, and 1 web designer. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data from the workshops.

Results
Participants expressed a desire for an easy-to-use eHealth intervention, which could be accessed from mobile phones, tablets, and computers, and could be individualized to the user. The most important features for reducing sedentary time were those involving finding joyful activities, setting goals, and getting information regarding reduced sedentary time. Participants expressed that the eHealth intervention would need to first provide the user with knowledge regarding sedentary time, then offer features for measuring sedentary time and for setting goals, and lastly provide support in finding joyful activities to perform in order to avoid being sedentary. According to the participants, an eHealth intervention including self-management for reducing sedentary time in older adults in the transition to retirement should be concise, accessible, and enjoyable. A digital prototype of such an eHealth intervention was developed.

Conclusions
The developed eHealth intervention including self-management for reducing sedentary time in older adults transitioning to retirement is intended to facilitate behavior change by encouraging the user to participate in autonomously motivated activities. It uses several behavior change techniques, such as goal setting and action planning through mental contrasting and implementation intention, as well as shaping knowledge. Its active components for reducing sedentary time can be explained using the integrated behavior change model. Further research is needed to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of the eHealth intervention.
Barriers and Facilitators of User Engagement With Digital Mental Health Interventions for People With Psychosis or Bipolar Disorder: Systematic Review and Best-Fit Framework Synthesis
Authors: Eisner Emily , Faulkner Sophie , Allan Stephanie , Ball Hannah , Di Basilio Daniela , Nicholas Jennifer , Priyam Aansha , Wilson Paul , Zhang Xiaolong , Bucci Sandra 
Published: January 2025

Background
Digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) to monitor and improve the health of people with psychosis or bipolar disorder show promise; however, user engagement is variable, and integrated clinical use is low.

Objective
This prospectively registered systematic review examined barriers and facilitators of clinician and patient engagement with DMHIs, to inform implementation within real-world settings.

Methods
A systematic search of 7 databases identified empirical studies reporting qualitative or quantitative data about factors affecting staff or patient engagement with DMHIs aiming to monitor or improve the mental or physical health of people with psychosis or bipolar disorder. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research was used to synthesize data on barriers and facilitators, following a best-fit framework synthesis approach.

Results
The review included 175 papers (150 studies; 11,446 participants) describing randomized controlled trials; surveys; qualitative interviews; and usability, cohort, and case studies. Samples included people with schizophrenia spectrum psychosis (98/150, 65.3% of studies), bipolar disorder (62/150, 41.3% of studies), and clinicians (26/150, 17.3% of studies). Key facilitators were a strong recognition of DMHIs’ relative advantages, a clear link between intervention focus and specific patient needs, a simple, low-effort digital interface, human-supported delivery, and device provision where needed. Although staff thought patients would lose, damage, or sell devices, reviewed studies found only 11% device loss. Barriers included intervention complexity, perceived risks, user motivation, discomfort with self-reflection, digital poverty, symptoms of psychosis, poor compatibility with existing clinical workflows, staff and patient fears that DMHIs would replace traditional face-to-face care, infrastructure limitations, and limited financial support for delivery.

Conclusions
Identified barriers and facilitators highlight key considerations for DMHI development and implementation. As to broader implications, sustainable business models are needed to ensure that evidence-based DMHIs are maintained and deployed.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO CRD42021282871; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=282871
THE INFLUENCE OF LIFTING STRAPS ON ISOMETRIC BACK EXTENSOR MUSCLE STRENGTH MECHANICAL CARACTHERISTICS: A STUDY OF POWERLIFTERS
Authors: Rajković Aleksandar , Nikolić David , Smrkić Marko , Vukadinović Nevena , Dopsaj Milivoj 
Published: January 2025

The aim of this study was to investigate how lifting straps affect isometric back extensors muscle strength. The participants were divided according to gender and training level: trained – powerlifters (n = 17) and control – a specifically non-trained group (n = 24). For the purposes of this study, the maximum voluntary contraction of the back extensors was measured in isometric conditions in the isometric back extension exercise. After a 5-minute standard and specific warm-up, the participants had three trials each with lifting straps and without lifting straps, with a break of 2 minutes between trials. They were given the verbal instruction "pull as hard and fast as possible” and hold for 2 to 3 seconds. Repeated measures ANOVA showed a general statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between testing procedures (classical and straps). A paired samples t-test was used to determine differences between maximal and explosive strength variables. Then, the percentage difference (Δ) of all variables (Fmax - maximal force, RFDmax - maximal rate of force development, tFmax - time needed to reach maximal force, tRFDmax - time for maximal rate of force development) was calculated using the formula: Fmax_Δ = ((Fmax_straps - Fmax_class) / Fmax_class) *100. Differences in the maximum isometric back extension force (Fmax) were found in both groups (powerlifter males - p = 0.004, females - p = 0.019 and control group males - p = 0.018, females – p = 0.001), while differences in tFmax were observed only in the control group (males – p = 0.001 and females - p = 0.000). The results showed that lifting straps have a positive effect in measuring supra-maximal isometric strength (averaged enhancement was 15.93±4.58% regardless of gender and training status), and can potentially be used in a methodological sense to determine the objective values of the biological contractile potential in terms of maximum strength, in pulling type of exercises that include a hand grip (the deadlift, lat pull down, mid-thigh pull test).
Rally turístico: una experiencia de aprendizaje gamificada para una gira didáctica presencial
Authors: Hooper Simpson Carlene , Osorno-Fallas Ricardo 
Published: January 2025

El artículo muestra cómo la metodología de la gamificación puede transformar las experiencias educativas de una disciplina académica con un fuerte componente práctico.
La asignatura Tecnología aplicada al turismo es un curso de modalidad híbrida que forma parte del Diplomado de la carrera de Gestión de Turismo Sostenible, perteneciente a la Cátedra de Emprendedurismo Turístico de la Universidad Estatal a Distancia de Costa Rica (UNED). Se oferta desde el 2020, empleando el aprendizaje activo en combinación con la metodología de la gamificación, el rally educativo y las herramientas tecnológicas. El objetivo fue sistematizar la experiencia del uso de aplicaciones digitales y la metodología de gamificación, incluida la técnica del rally, para concebir estrategias de enseñanza innovadoras que potencien la participación y el aprendizaje activo del estudiantado en las giras presenciales. Se implementó un enfoque cualitativo del tipo descriptivo para el registro y recuperación de los datos de esta sistematización, además se emplea un formulario de Google Forms® dirigido al alumnado, el cual integra preguntas abiertas y cerradas. El cuerpo docente empleó una bitácora desarrollada en Microsoft Word®, en la que se establecieron criterios de registros de relevancia y representatividad, para mostrar la sistematización de la experiencia; se utiliza el enfoque de la Unesco. La principal conclusión es que el rally fomenta el trabajo en equipo y la participación activa, así como promovió el turismo local. Para futuras investigaciones se sugiere la búsqueda de otras estrategias didácticas que aporten guías innovadoras en el desarrollo de las giras presenciales.
Effect Size Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Numbered Heads Together (Nht) Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa pada Pembelajaran Fisika
Authors: Wati Widya , Fatimah Rini 
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this research is to know the effect size of cooperatif learning model to critical thinking skills students at physics learning Class 8th grade Junior High School 24 Bandar Lampung. The type of this research was a quasi experimental with pretest - posttest control group design. The research involved two groups of students who accounted for 34 students for experiment class and 36 students for control class. The collection of data obtained using a test instrument shaped essay at critical thinking skills level. The results show that cooperative learning model type NHT have effect to critical thinking skills on effect size index 0,7. The effect size index 0,7 show that NHT to outcome critical thinking skills of students i.e 62 % better than control class. Experiment class is better than control class at random sampling are 0,58 it means each one of 100 random sampling give effect for 58 sampling to improve critical thinking skills of students at learning physics.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui effect size dari model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe numbered heads together (NHT) terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa pada pembelajaran fisika kelas VIII SMP Negeri 24 Bandar Lampung. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimen dengan pretest - posttest control group design. Penelitian ini melibatkan 2 kelompok belajar siswa yang berjumlah 34 siswa untuk kelas Eksperimen dan 36 siswa untuk kelas kontrol. Pengumpulan data diperoleh dengan menggunakan instrumen tes berbentuk essay pada level kognitif kemampuan berpikir kritis. Diperoleh hasil penelitian bahwa model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe NHT mempunyai pengaruh terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis pada pembelajaran fisika dengan indeks effect size sebesar 0,3. Effect size 0,3 ini menunjukkan bahwa NHT dapat menghasilkan outcome kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa sebesar 58 % lebih baik dari kelas kontrol. Kelebihan kelas eksperimen dari kelas kontrol dalam pengambilan sampel acak sebanyak 0,58 artinya pada setiap 100 sampel acak NHT dapat mempengaruhi 69 sampel untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa pada pembelajaran fisika.
Antinuclear Antibodies in Non-Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: Kumar Nikita Niranjan , Ahmad Dit Al Hakim Samir , Grygiel-Górniak Bogna 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) are critical immunological markers commonly associated with various connective tissue diseases (CTDs). However, these autoantibodies are also detectable in healthy individuals, patients with non-rheumatic autoimmune diseases, those with viral infections, and subjects using specific medications (such as procainamide, hydralazine, and minocycline) that can lead to drug-induced ANA elevation. The standard method for ANA detection is indirect immunofluorescence, a process that requires precision and thoroughness as it assesses both titer and fluorescence patterns. Additionally, immunoblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are recommended to identify specific ANAs precisely, highlighting the importance of precision in ANA detection. This review explores the advantages and limitations of current ANA detection methods. It also describes the clinical implications of ANA presence in non-rheumatic diseases, including autoimmune disorders, infectious conditions, non-autoimmune and non-infectious diseases, and autoimmune cutaneous diseases. The presence of elevated ANA titers in these contexts can complicate clinical decision-making, as the diagnostic value of ANA testing alone is limited in non-rheumatic conditions. However, despite these limitations, ANA remains a key component in diagnosing and prognosis systemic CTDs, as it can indicate disease activity, severity, and response to treatment, which is of utmost importance in rheumatology and internal medicine. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the role of ANA in non-rheumatic diseases. It focuses on ANA diagnostic and prognostic significance and offers valuable insights for clinical practice.