bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between the Biomarkers of Collagen Regulation and Echocardiography Parameters in Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Shirokov N. E. , Enina T. N. , Zueva E. V. , Yaroslavskaya E. I. , Krinochkin D. V. , Musikhina N. A. , Petelina T. I. , Gapon L. I. 
Published: January 2025

Aim. To study the relationship between laboratory markers and echocardiography (EchoCG) parameters in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) depending on the results of the diastolic stress test (DST).Material and methods. The diagnostic algorithm provided by the current guidelines for the assessment of left ventricular (LV) diastolic function was used to select patients. If there were not enough criteria to make a conclusion about increased LV filling pressure (FP) based on standard resting echocardiography data in patients with arterial hypertension and ischemic heart disease, DST was performed to detect HFpEF. 80 patients (50.0% men, mean age 66.3±5.4 years) were included. Group 1 consisted of 41 patients with a positive DST, and group 2 included 39 patients with a negative DST. Concentrations of the markers of immune inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, collagen homeostasis, and myocardial stress were measured.Results. The DST showed significant differences in the E/e’ ratio (15.1 [13.4; 15.9] in group 1 and 9.5 [7.9; 10.3] in group 2, respectively, p<0.001) and the diastolic functional reserve index (DFRI) (9.8 [6.8; 14.0] and 21.0 [13.0; 29.0], p < 0.001). Resting EchoCG revealed significant differences in the left atrial reservoir strain (LASr) (22.8 [19.6; 25.6]% and 28.0 [24.8; 30.2]%, p<0.001) and the left atrial stiffness index (LASI) (0.50 [0.40; 0.57] and 0.34 [0.27; 0.41], p<0.001). In patients with HFpEF, the laboratory parameters of collagen regulation had the greatest number of relationships. Correlations were found between the concentrations of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and other biomarkers, including interleukin-10 (IL-10) (r=0.311; p=0.048), myeloperoxidase (r=0.382; p=0.014), N-terminal propeptide of procollagen type I (procollagen I N-terminal propeptide, PINP) (r=0.722; p<0.001) and type III (r=0.591; p<0.001), C-terminal propeptide of procollagen type I (r=0.330; p=0.035), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases type 1 (r=0.410; p=0.008), EchoCG parameters, including left atrial volume index (LAVI) (r=0.414; p=0.007) and DFRI (r=0.354; p=0.025). In addition, correlations were found for the concentrations of PINP with IL-10 (r=0.401; p=0.009) and endothelin-1 (r= -0.337; p=0.031); PINP with LAVI (r=0.498; p=0.001) and DFRI (r=0.420; p=0.007).Conclusion. Patients with HFpEF have a greater number of relationships between markers of collagen homeostasis disorders and EchoCG parameters characterizing an increase in LV FP.
The Frequency of Occurrence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Awareness оf Them Among Young People in Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Plisyuk A. G. , Orlova Ia. A. , Zimakova E. I. , Begrambekova Yu. L. , Krasilnikova E. S. , Daudov I. S. , Evlampiev S. E. , Nesuk O. M. , Armaganov A. G. , Akopian Zh. A. , Kamalov A. A. 
Published: January 2025

Objective. To assess the prevalence of risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CV RF) development and awareness of them among young people studing at University.Material and Methods. Сross-sectional study study included 1182 young men and women studying at Lomonosov Moscow State University (age 18-44 years), with no history of chronic non-infectious diseases, who underwent a screening in April-June 2022. All participants filled out the standard “Questionnaire for citizens under the age of 65 years to identify chronic non-communicable diseases, risk factors for their development, and the use of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances without prescription”, a specially designed questionnaire on socio-demographic characteristics and risk factors for CVD development, and a questionnaire on nighttime sleep status. Results. In young men, the most common FRs were low fruit and vegetable intake (46.8%). Sleep disturbances were reported by 28.8% of men and 34.5% of women. Low physical activity was present in 1 in 5 young people. Obesity was found in 5.0% of the study participants. Young women in general showed greater awareness of CV RF. The most frequent factor mentioned in the questionnaire was smoking. More than 60% of respondents mentioned low physical activity and nutritional factors , while obesity and overweight were mentioned by only 16% of respondents.More CV RFs were named by natural science students, and more smokers were identified among them.Conclusion. The obtained data allow us to speak about the high prevalence of behavioral CV RFs and insufficient awareness of their adverse health effects in young people, even with a high level of education. The effectiveness of preventive measures can be largely determined by their precise targeting. Raising awareness of the need for greater consumption of fruits and vegetables, sleep norms, the dangers of arterial hypertension, hypodynamia and obesity, in our opinion, is an important component of preventive work among students in universities.
Clinical and Diagnostic Value of ABCDE Stress Echocardiography With Exercise in Patients With Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Timofeeva T. M. , Safarova A. F. , Pavlikov G. S. , Kobalava Zh. D. 
Published: January 2025

Aim. Evaluation of the clinical and diagnostic role of stepwise stress echocardiography (Stress Echo) with exercise using the ABCDE protocol in patients with myocardial infarction (MI).Material and methods. This single-site study included 75 patients (mean age 61.6±9.8 years; 84% men) after MI. The median time since MI was 1231.0 [381.5; 2698.5] days. All patients underwent Stress Echo using a five-step protocol. Step A identified impaired local contractility, step B identified the sum of B lines, step C identified the left ventricular (LV) contractile reserve, step D identified the coronary reserve in the anterior interventricular branch, and step E identified the heart rate reserve. The Stress Echo result was assessed by scores from 0 (all steps negative) to 5 (all steps positive). The effects of positive steps and the sum of Stress Echo scores on the incidence of the need for repeat revascularization were assessed.Results. The frequency of positive results was 36% for step A, 18.7% for step B, 80.0% for step C, 53.3% for step D, and 50.7% for step E. In 4 (5.3%) patients, all steps were negative (score 0); in 3 patients (4%), they were positive (score 5). Coronary angiography after Stress Echo during the follow-up period was performed in 26 (34.7%) patients; the need for repeat revascularization was determined in 17 (22.7%) patients. The predictors of the need for repeat revascularization according to a multivariate analysis were positive step A, chest pain pattern, and LV end-diastolic volume at peak exercise (p<0.001). A statistically significant effect of positive step A on survival without a need for repeat revascularization was observed in patients with a history of MI (p=0.020).Conclusion. Among all the parameters of the integrated approach with Stress Echo, the emergence of new areas of impaired LV local contractility in patients after MI remains the main guideline for prescribing an angiographic study and a significant predictor of a need for repeated revascularization. However, the study results suggest that a further investigation of the effect of each positive step and the total ABCDE Stress Echo score on the prognosis for postinfarction cardiovascular complications is promising.
Experimental Investigation of Buoyant Flow in Realistic Bedforms With Heterogeneous Wettability
Authors: Ubillus Jose Eduardo , Ni Hailun , DiCarlo David , Meckel Tip 
Published: January 2025

Summary
Submeter-scale geologic heterogeneity greatly affects CO2 plume migration and retention. In this work, we present meter-scale laboratory experiments that can capture the impact of realistic submeter-scale geologic heterogeneity on multiphase flow and trapping. We produce realistic sedimentary formations consisting of ripple deposits with varying grain size contrast and wettability in a meter-scale slab chamber. Then, we conduct multiphase flow experiments with analog fluids through these structures and measure the saturation patterns, capillary heterogeneity trapping (CHT), and overall trapping performance. When we alter the ripple bedform architecture, variations in trapped saturation and CHT (10–20%) increment are exhibited. Similar growth in trapping performance is also observed when grain size contrast increases. Finally, wettability changes (water- to oil-wet) can increase nonwetting saturation and CHT up to 5% and 10–20%, respectively. These results emphasize the importance of correctly characterizing the impact of small-scale heterogeneities and wettability changes. We believe this is the first time that multiphase flow experiments were conducted in meter-scale domains with realistic ripple bedforms and heterogeneous wettability to investigate plume migration and trapping.
Influencing preference formation through imperceptible target-oriented head movements of the avatar
Authors: Yue Zixiang , Nakata Yoshihiro , Ogawa Kohei , Yoshikawa Yuichiro , Ishiguro Hiroshi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This study examined the influence of external interventions involving imperceptible target-oriented head movements of avatars on preference formation of the operators. We focused on subtly manipulating the head direction of the avatar to influence the choices of the operators, akin to natural orienting behaviors such as gaze direction. Our methodology included two preliminary experiments to identify the thresholds at which head movements of an avatar, particularly target-oriented ones, remain undetected by operators. Based on these findings, we developed a system that can discreetly influence the focus of operators toward specific targets. The primary experiment demonstrated that this system effectively affected operator preferences, thereby increasing the appeal of targeted images. This research underscores the potential of using subtle, imperceptible avatar manipulations to affect human preferences. It also highlights the need for safeguards in avatar-based systems against inconspicuous influences and emphasizes ethical and security considerations in such technologies.
Motion-driven Adaptive Frame Selection Strategy for Video Action Recognition
Authors: Ding Hao , Guo Chen , Sun Jing , Jiang Xiaoping , Shi Hongling , Li Jianjin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Frame selection is a fundamental issue in video action recognition. It aims to minimize temporal redundancy and reduce computational cost. Current frame sampling strategies either rely on uniform sampling based on motion, lacking emphasis on discriminative frames, or employ complex learning models or additional modal information, compromising generalizability. To address these challenges, this paper presents an adaptive frame selection strategy. It filters redundant frames through motion information and models relationships between each frame and others, thereby predicting the significance of each frame. This strategy combines the advantages of motion prior information and supervised learning. During training, frame importance-related constraints are integrated, guiding frames selection with strong discriminative features as inputs for the action recognition network. This frame selection method is integrated with backbone network structures such as TDN, GCTDN, AIM, and tested on three action datasets, Diving-48, UCF101 and HMDB51.The improvement on action recognition achieved is 4.4% on the Diving-48 dataset, 1.9% on the UCF101 dataset and 2.3% on HMDB51 dataset. Experimental results demonstrate that our selection strategy can be integrated with state-of-the-art action recognition models, leading to improved recognition performance.
Evolution of infrastructure burden for US cities by 2100
Authors: Sutradhar Uttara , Spearing Lauryn , Zou Bo , Chester Mikhail , Derrible Sybil 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

In 2020, 40% of U.S. cities were losing population. As people emigrate, maintaining the infrastructure once built for a growing population can burden the remaining residents. Using population projections, we forecast future infrastructure (following current population growth) up to 2100 and examine infrastructure burden trends across the U.S. in 2050 and 2100. By analyzing per capita residential built-up volume (RBUV) and roadway length (RL), we find that 53% of U.S. cities (out of 30,498) will face an increasing burden by 2100. The extent of this burden varies, with low-density cities being more affected than high-density cities. Around 14% of these cities may initially experience a decreasing burden, only to face an increasing burden before the end of this century. Regardless of their own population trends, cities need to rethink their planning policies to minimize existing or future infrastructure burden. While depopulation is often viewed negatively, it is inevitable. The narrative around depopulation and existing policies that focus solely on growth must change as it presents an opportunity to rethink how infrastructure is planned and managed.
From net-zero to zero-fossil in transforming the EU energy system
Authors: Schreyer Felix , Ueckerdt Falko , Pietzcker Robert , Odenweller Adrian , Merfort Anne , Rodrigues Renato , Strefler Jessica , Lécuyer Fabrice , Luderer Gunnar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The EU climate neutrality goal requires a strong reduction in
fossil fuel use by 2050. However, whether a complete phase-out is
feasible and desirable remains unclear. Here, using an integrated
assessment model, we quantify the additional effort needed to
achieve a virtually complete phase-out of fossil fuels in the EU by
2050 compared to a least-cost net-zero scenario. In this least-cost
net-zero scenario, fossil fuel use already decreases by 87% from
2020 to 2050, driven by renewable power, direct electrification and
some biofuels. However, hard-to-abate oil-based hydrocarbons and
natural gas persist and are used primarily for chemicals, aviation
and shipping. Phasing-out these remaining 13% of fossil fuels
requires the large-scale deployment of costly carbon-neutral
e-fuels, which about doubles marginal abatement costs from
300€/tCO2 to 650 €/tCO2 (500-1000 €/tCO2) by 2050. Although a
fossil phase-out target could strengthen EU climate policy
commitment, it also poses additional transformation challenges.
Building Machine Learning Predictive Models for Adolescent Internet Addiction: Key Findings on Self-Esteem and Resilience Interaction
Authors: Liu Rongmei , Wang Saiyi , Tarimo Clifford Silver , Li Quanman , Feng Yifei , Zhao Lipei , Liu Shuaibin , Chen Xinghan , Wu Jian , Zhao Qiuping 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective: Internet addiction (IA) is a significant mental health concern among adolescents. This study aimed to develop machine learning (ML)-based predictive models to identify and explain key risk factors for IA.
Method: A total of 8176 junior high school students from Henan Province were surveyed from April to May 2023. The dataset was randomly divided into training and test sets in an 8:2 ratio. Four ML algorithms were used to predict IA, and feature importance was determined using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). The XGBoost model, which achieved the highest area under the curve (AUC), was selected for detailed analysis and individualized prediction explanations.
Results: The five most important predictors of IA were negative life events, self-esteem, school connectedness, parent-adolescent cohesion, and psychological resilience. Importantly, an interaction effect was found between self-esteem and psychological resilience: as self-esteem increased, the influence of low resilience transitioned from being a risk factor to a protective factor against IA.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates the power of ML models combined with SHAP for predicting IA and identifying its psychosocial determinants. The findings highlight the critical interplay of self-esteem and psychological resilience, offering valuable insights for clinicians and educators in addressing IA among adolescents.
Bridging Electron and Nuclear Motions in Chemical Reactions through Electrostatic Forces from Reactive Orbitals
Authors: Tsuneda Takao , Taketsugu Tetsuya 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This study presents a physics-based framework for understanding chemical reactions, highlighting the critical role of the occupied reactive orbital (ORO), the most stabilized occupied orbital during a reaction, in guiding atomic nuclei via electrostatic forces. These forces, termed reactive-orbital-based electrostatic forces (ROEFs), arise from the negative gradient of orbital energy, creating a direct connection between orbital energy variations and nuclear motion. Through the analysis of 48 representative reactions, we identify two predominant types of ROEF behavior: reactions that sustain reaction-direction ROEFs either from the early stages or just before the transition state. These forces carve grooves along the intrinsic reaction coordinates on the potential energy surface (PES), shaping the reaction pathway. This clarifies which types of electron transfer contribute to lowering the reaction barrier. Remarkably, variations in OROs align closely with the curly arrow diagrams
widely used in organic chemistry, bridging the intuitive representation of electron transfer with the rigorous PES-based theoretical framework. This integration facilitates a unified discussion of electron transfer and the electrostatic forces driving nuclear motion. By unifying electronic and nuclear motion theories, this study provides a cohesive framework for understanding the driving forces behind chemical transformations, offering profound insights into the electronic basis of reaction mechanisms.
Microbial Bioheater Driven by the Alternative Oxidase Metabolic Pathway
Authors: Chávez Jorge , Williams Veronica , Beabout Kathryn , Harbaugh Svetlana 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Smart materials capable of on-demand thermogenesis could be used to prevent cold-related injuries and to maintain biological functions in frigid conditions. To generate such materials, we were inspired by thermogenic plants that use an alternative oxidase respiratory pathway as a main driver of heat production. To transfer this mechanism to an engineerable organism with a small footprint, we overexpressed the alternative oxidase in Pichia pastoris and showed that our modified yeast could generate over eight times as much heat per cell as the parent strain. We have also shown that growing P. pastoris in the presence of antimycin A, which induces endogenous expression of alternative oxidase, changes the growth and heat flow dynamics of the yeast. In the future, we envision our heat-producing microbe could be used to generate smart thermogenic materials that would help maintain people, devices, pharmaceuticals, supplies, and equipment at ideal temperatures in extremely cold environments.
Covalent Docking and Molecular Dynamic Simulation of Potential α-ketothiazole Arginine Derivatives Inhibitors of Coagulation Factor XIa (FXIa). In silico study
Authors: Mercado-Camargo Jairo , Vivas-Reyes Ricardo , Gómez–Estrada Harold 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

While currently clinically administered anticoagulant drugs have demonstrated efficacy, they have also precipitated significant risks such as severe complications including, but not limited to, gastrointestinal bleeding, intracranial hemorrhage, and other potentially essential situations. Coagulation factor XIa (FXIa) is emerging as an important target of current anticoagulant therapies. The present work explores the search for and development of new anticoagulants and their perspectives on treating this condition. A study of molecular covalent docking, molecular dynamics, and calculation of free energy by the MM-GBSA method, followed by the determination of pharmacokinetic parameters of absorption, distribution, excretion, and prediction of the computational model of toxicity (ADME-TOX), was carried out. Four of the 59 ligands studied showed affinity energies of -10.6, -10.4, -9.4, and − 8.8 kcal/mol for molecules M1, M10, M31, and M20, respectively. The molecular dynamics performed on these four ligands showed good stability in the protein-ligand complex, as shown by the RMSD, RMSF determined at a simulation time of 100 ns. As for the free energy, MM-GBSA ligands M1, M10, M20, and M31 were − 49.87, -68.90, -63.95, and − 59.83 kcal/mol, respectively. In the ADME-TOX parameters, all ligands showed promising results in bioavailability, exceptional solubility, no side effects, and extremely low toxicity.
Assessing the potential sensitivity of Typhoon Nesat to climate change under SSP5-8.5 scenario
Authors: Chai Yujie , Nistor Ioan , Mohammadian Abdolmajid , Nakamura Ryota 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

In the context of climate change, understanding how future conditions influence typhoons has become a topic of interest for researchers. However, there is no consensus on how typhoons are projected to change, and the knowledge of how climate variables will affect them is still limited. This study aims to enhance the understanding of drivers of typhoons modifications under climate change through applying pseudo global warming (PGW) technique based on Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model under SSP5-8.5 scenario by 2100, taking Typhoon Nesat as a case study. At first, a mini-ensemble of WRF models with optimal performance in representing historical Typhoon Nesat were selected. Subsequently, PGW experiments based on this mini-ensemble were then carried out. To recognize the impacts of different climate factors, four (4) conditions were set in PGW fields: (1) only sea surface temperature (SST); (2) SST and air temperature (AT); (3) SST, AT, relative humidity (RH), and geopotential height (GPH); (4) SST, AT, RH, GPH, and wind velocity. The projections suggest that events similar to Typhoon Nesat will become more intense under future global warming conditions. Specifically, warmer SST plays the dominant role on its intensification, while increases in AT will mitigate some of this effect. These results indicate that in the context of climate change, the intensity of typhoons is likely to increase in the future. This study provides novel information which can help the development of local disaster countermeasures and with the purpose of enhancing the resiliency of local communities.