bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Screening Protocol for Exploring Loop Length Requirements for the Formation of a Three Cytosine‐Cytosine+ Base‐Paired i‐Motif
Authors: Ghezzo Michele , Trajkovski Marko , Plavec Janez , Sissi Claudia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDNA sequences containing at least four runs of repetitive cytosines can fold into tetra‐helical structures called i‐Motifs (iMs). The interest in these DNA secondary structures is increasing due to their therapeutical and technological applications. Still, limited knowledge of their folding requirements is currently available. We developed a novel step‐by‐step pipeline for the systematic screening of putative iM‐forming model sequences. Focusing on structures comprising only three cytosine‐cytosine+ base pairs, we investigated what the minimal lengths of the loops required for formation of an intra‐molecular iM are. Our data indicate that two and three nucleotides are required to connect the strands through the minor and majorgrooves of the iM, respectively. Additionally, they highlight an asymmetric behavior according to the distribution of the cytosines. Specifically, no sequence containing a single cytosine in the first and third run was able to fold into intra‐molecular iMs with the same stability of those formed when the first and the third run comprise two cytosines. This knowledge represents a step forward toward the development of prediction tools for the proper identification of biologically functional iMs, as well as for the rational design of these secondary structures as technological devices.
Metal Free Dötz‐Type Aminobenzannulation Reaction via 1,1‐Dipoles Cross‐Coupling
Authors: Cai Wei , Huang You 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAryl amines are of constant interest in organic synthesis owing to their ubiquity in natural products, pharmaceuticals, and organic materials. However, C−H amination or pre‐functionalization frequently results in uncontrollable site selectivity, over activation and the generation of inseparable mixtures of regio‐isomers. Here we present a novel metal free Dötz‐type aminobenzannulation reaction that circumvents the selectivity issues inherent in aromatic chemistry, as well as the use of stoichiometric unstable organolithium reagents and toxic chromium complexes. The concept of utilizing readily available isocyanides and Morita–Baylis–Hillman (MBH) carbonates to achieve 1,1‐dipoles cross‐coupling to construct ketenimine is the key to success, which has been experimentally and computationally verified. The tandem 6π‐electrocyclization/aromatization process offers a versatile method for synthesizing functionalized anilines, fused aryl amines and fused heteroaryl amines.
TET1 Regulates Skeletal Stem–Cell Mediated Cartilage Regeneration
Authors: Pandey Akshay , Hoover Malachia , Singla Mamta , Bedi Yudhishtar , Storaci Hunter , Goodman Stuart B. , Chan Charles , Bhutani Nidhi 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveAdult skeletal stem cells (SSCs) that give rise to chondrocytes, osteocytes, and stromal cells as progeny have been shown to contribute to cartilage regeneration in osteoarthritis (OA). Understanding extrinsic and intrinsic regulators of SSC fate and function can therefore identify putative candidate factors to enhance cartilage regeneration. This study explores how the DNA hydroxymethylase Tet1 regulates SSC function in OA.MethodsWe investigated the differences in the SSC lineage tree and differentiation potential in neonatal and adult Tet1+/+ and Tet1−/− mice with and without injury and upon OA induction and progression. Using RNA sequencing, the transcriptomic differences between SSCs and bone cartilage stroma progenitor cells (BCSPs) were identified in Tet1+/+ mice and Tet1−/− mice.ResultsLoss of Tet1 skewed the SSC lineage tree by expanding the SSC pool and enhanced the chondrogenic potential of SSCs and BCSPs. Tet1 inhibition led to enhanced chondrogenesis in human SSCs and chondroprogenitors isolated from human cartilage. Importantly, TET1 inhibition in vivo in late stages of a mouse model of OA led to increased cartilage regeneration. Transcriptomic analyses of SSCs and BCSPs lacking Tet1 revealed pathway alterations in transforming growth factor β signaling, melatonin degradation, and cartilage development–associated genes. Lastly, we report that use of the hormone melatonin can dampen inflammation and improve cartilage health.ConclusionAlthough Tet1 is a broad epigenetic regulator, melatonin can mimic the inhibition ability of TET1 to enhance the chondrogenic ability of SSCs. Melatonin administration has the potential to be an attractive stem cell–based therapy for cartilage regeneration.
Stereoselective Synthesis of Pyrrolo/Pyrido[2,1‐a]isoindoles via Alkyne Iminium Ion Cyclization of Vinylogous Carbamates
Authors: Gharpure Santosh J. , Kumari Sanyog , Sherikar Mahadev S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAn efficient, acid‐mediated, intramolecular alkyne iminium ion cyclization of oxoisoindolidene for the diastereoselective synthesis of pyrrolo/pyridoisoindole is described. This protocol features broad substrate scope and easy scalability. An unusual N to C‐1,3‐alkyl shift is observed with substrates bearing strong electron donating group at the phenyl ring attached to alkyne with concomitant hydration of alkyne to the ketone.
Organizational benefits of neurodiversity: Preliminary findings on autism and the bystander effect
Authors: Hartman Lorne M. , Farahani Mehrdad , Moore Alexander , Manzoor Ateeya , Hartman Braxton L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAlthough the bystander effect is one of the most important findings in the psychological literature, researchers have not explored whether autistic individuals are prone to the bystander effect. The present research examines whether autistic employees are more likely to report issues or concerns in an organization's systems and practices that are inefficient or dysfunctional. By bringing attention to these issues, autistic employees may foster opportunities to improve organizational performance, leading to the development of a more adaptive, high performing, and ethical culture. Thirty‐three autistic employees and 34 nonautistic employees completed an online survey to determine whether employees on the autism spectrum (1) are more likely to report they would voice concerns about organizational dysfunctions, (2) are less likely to report they were influenced by the number of other witnesses to the dysfunction, (3) if they do not voice concerns, are more likely to acknowledge the influence of other people on the decision, (4) are less likely to formulate “elaborate rationales” for their decisions to intervene or not, and (5) whether any differences between autistic and nonautistic employees with regards to the first two hypotheses, intervention likelihood and degree of influence, are moderated by individual differences in camouflaging. Results indicate that autistic employees may be less susceptible to the bystander effect than nonautistic employees. As a result, autistic employees may contribute to improvements in organizational performance because they are more likely to identify and report inefficient processes and dysfunctional practices when they witness them. These preliminary findings suggesting potential benefits of neurodiversity in the workplace are promising. However, further research is required.
Utility considerations in developing a galvanized iron water pipe management plan
Authors: Edwards Marc , Arnold Roger , Rosenfeldt Becki , Masters Sheldon V. , Parks Jeffrey , Tang Min 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGalvanized iron pipe (GIP) was once widely installed in publicly and privately owned potable water systems. This antiquated plumbing material can cause water discoloration from iron release, head loss resulting from corrosion scale buildup, and occasional problems with lead (Pb) release to drinking water. In this work, a GIP management framework for utilities is formulated via a literature review and several case studies. The GIP management plan is intended to guide water systems with understanding and addressing GIP issues while considering consumer expectations, corrosion control challenges, variable performance, and associated cost–benefit analysis for corrective actions.
Valorization of tropical fruit‐processing wastes and byproducts for biofuel production
Authors: Gebre Getachew D. , Gebremariam Shemelis N. , Keneni Yadessa G. , Marchetti Jorge M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGlobal energy demand is expanding due to an increasing population and the use of energy‐intensive technologies. Fossil‐based energy and transportation sectors have been blamed for greenhouse gas emissions and price fluctuations. Biofuel production has been suggested as a possible solution to this problem, despite the cost of production and difficulties with the availability of feedstocks, and the food versus energy debate, which is still a challenging issue. For many decades, researchers have been investigating how to valorize low‐cost and non‐edible biomass resources, including fruit‐processing waste and its byproducts, to produce various biofuels using innovative, cost‐effective, and green technologies to overcome these challenges. However, exhaustive studies and comprehensive and structured knowledge related to the biofuel production potential of fruit waste and byproducts are lacking because most of the research that has been done so far was specific to a single fruit, location, and method. As a result, this review paper emphasizes the evaluation of the physicochemical compositions of the wastes and byproducts derived from tropical fruit production and processing to determine their suitability in the production of different biofuels via various valorization techniques. The results of the review showed that fruit waste is a potential alternative raw material for producing different biofuels, like biodiesel, biogas, biohydrogen, and fuel pellets.
Transperineal laser ablation as treatment for benign prostatic obstruction: Safety, feasibility and functional outcomes—A pilot study
Authors: van Kollenburg Rob , van Riel Luigi , Bloemen Paul , de Reijke Theo , Beerlage Harrie , de Bruin Daniel , Oddens Jorg 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundStandard surgical treatment for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic obstruction (BPO) requires anaesthesia and hospitalization. Transperineal laser ablation (TPLA) is a novel minimally invasive treatment for BPO, which has been performed using local anaesthetics and conscious sedation.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to assess safety, feasibility and functional outcomes of TPLA for the treatment of LUTS in men fit also for standard surgery.MethodsThis prospective, multicentre, interventional pilot study included 20 patients. Eligible patients were men ≥40 years of age, with urodynamically proven bladder outlet obstruction, a peak urinary flow of 5–15 mL/s and a prostate volume of 30–120 cc. All subjects underwent Soractelite™ TPLA using the Echolaser® X4 system. Two to four fibres were placed in the prostate, whereafter laser light induced coagulative necrosis. Twelve months of follow‐up included uroflowmetry, an ultrasound of the prostate and PROMs (IPSS and IIEF).ResultsTwenty patients were treated with TPLA using local anaesthetics and optional sedation. Sixteen patients were treated in an outpatient setting, using only local anaesthetics in 12 of them; four were treated in the operating room, whereof two under general anaesthesia. No device related adverse events occurred, nor did any grade ≥3 adverse events during follow‐up. Post‐TPLA, 10 men continued spontaneous voiding, and 10 men developed a urinary retention treated by a temporary indwelling catheter for 15.2 ± 3.5 days. At 12 months, Qmax improved from 9.7 ± 3.5 to 14.9 ± 6.0 (p = 0.015), IPSS improved from 21.3 ± 5.2 to 10.9 ± 5.5 (p < 0.0001), QoL improved from 4.9 ± 0.9 to 1.9 ± 1.1 (p < 0.0001), IIEF‐15 total score remained stable and 11/13 patients (85%) preserved antegrade ejaculation.ConclusionsTPLA is a safe and feasible treatment for men with LUTS due to BPO. TPLA can be performed in an outpatient setting under only local anaesthetics. Functional and quality of life outcomes improved significantly at 12 months, and erectile function remained stable.
Aerobic exercise combined with memory strategy training improve the cognitive function
Authors: Zhao Ning , Yao Xiuxia , Wang Yafei , Chen Xiao , Wang Zhaoxia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is closely associated with the occurrence of cognitive impairment, imposing a heavy burden on the patient's family and society. Aerobic exercise and targeted memory strategies have been widely reported to improve cognitive function.Methods: A total of 122 T2DM patients with Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA) test scores of less than 26 received the aerobic exercise combined with memory strategy training. After 6 months of intervention, a final group of 113 patients entered the final evaluation and analysis. Diabetes‐specific quality of life scale (DSQL) and activities of daily living (ADL) assessments were performed to evaluate the life quality of the patients.ResultsThe scores of MoCA and ADL were significantly upregulated, and the scores of DSQL were significantly reduced after the 6‐month intervention of T2DM patients. The levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), hemoglobin A1c, total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) levels of T2DM patients with cognitive impairment significantly decreased post intervention. A significant decrease in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) and an increase in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) were observed. The FPG, HbA1, TC, TG, and LDL‐C levels were significantly lower, and the HDL‐C levels were significantly higher in patients with normal cognitive function than in patients with abnormal cognitive function.ConclusionsAerobic exercise combined with memory strategy training effectively improved the memory and cognitive function in patients with T2DM.
Piper longum Constituents Induce PANC‐1 Human Pancreatic Cancer Cell Death under Nutrition Starvation
Authors: Fujihashi Yuki , Jo Kim Min , Maneenet Juthamart , Awale Suresh 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive form of cancer with a poor prognosis, partly due to ‘austerity’, a phenomenon of tolerance to nutrient deprivation and survival in its hypovascular tumor microenvironment. Anti‐austerity agents which preferentially diminish the survival of cancer cells under nutrition starvation is regarded as new generation anti‐cancer agents. This study investigated the potential of Piper longum constituents as anti‐austerity agents. The ethanolic extract of Piper longum was found to have preferential cytotoxicity towards PANC‐1 human pancreatic cancer cells in a nutrient‐deprived medium (NDM). Further investigation led to the identification of pipernonaline (3) as the lead compound with the strongest anti‐austerity activity, inducing cell death and inhibiting migration in a normal nutrient medium, as well as strongly inhibiting the Akt/mTOR/autophagy pathway. Therefore, pipernonaline (3) holds promise as a novel antiausterity agent for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Furfural Derivatives and Phenolic Constituents in Stemona tuberosa Lour
Authors: He Ru‐Shang , Li Shi‐Wei , Yang Tian‐Tian , Lai Jia‐Xin , Liu Xiao‐Jie , Xue Bian‐Xia , Zhang Li‐Hua , Wu Hong‐Hua 
Published: August 2023

AbstractChemical investigation on the water‐soluble constituents of Stemona tuberosa Lour. resulted in the isolation of a previously undescribed furfural derivative namely (S)‐5‐((R)‐hydroxy(5‐(hydroxymethyl)furan‐2‐yl)methyl)‐5‐methylfuran‐2(5H)‐one and twenty‐five known compounds from the water decoction of the dried root tubers. Their structures were determined by analysis of the extensive spectroscopic data, including 1D/2D NMR, HR‐ESI‐MS, and ORD, as well as the ECD simulation and comparison. Most of them were phenolic and among them, four compounds were isolated from Stemona plants for the first time. This study uncovers diverse constituents from water decoction of S. tuberosa dedicated for its quality control and allows for the exploitation of chemical markers with potential significance for discrimination of Stemona plants.
A „Magic Mushroom“ Multi‐Product Sesquiterpene Synthase
Authors: Schäfer Eike , Seibold Paula S. , Bartram Stefan , Trottmann Felix , Haensch Veit G. , Gressler Markus , Chadeayne Andrew R. , Hertweck Christian , O'Connor Sarah E. , Hoffmeister Dirk 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPsilocybe “magic mushrooms” are chemically well understood for their psychotropic tryptamines. However, the diversity of their other specialized metabolites, in particular terpenoids, has largely remained an open question. Yet, knowledge on the natural product background is critical to understand if other compounds modulate the psychotropic pharmacological effects. CubA, the single clade II sesquiterpene synthase of P. cubensis, was heterologously produced in Escherichia coli and characterized in vitro, complemented by in vivo product formation assays in Aspergillus niger as a heterologous host. Extensive GC‐MS analyses proved a function as multi‐product synthase and, depending on the reaction conditions, cubebol, β‐copaene, δ‐cadinene, and germacrene D were detected as the major products of CubA. In addition, mature P. cubensis carpophores were analysed chromatographically which led to the detection of β‐copaene and δ‐cadinene. Enzymes closely related to CubA are encoded in the genomes of various Psilocybe species. Therefore, our results provide insight into the metabolic capacity of the entire genus.
Dual‐Responsive Drug‐Delivery System Based on PEG‐Functionalized Pillararenes Containing Disulfide and Amido Bonds for Cancer Theranostics
Authors: Xia Jiachen , Wang Jian , Zhao Qin , Lu Bing , Yao Yong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe construction of a smart drug‐delivery system based on amphiphilic pillararenes with multiple responsiveness properties has become an important way to improve the efficacy of tumor chemotherapy. Here, a new PEG‐functionalized pillararene (EtP5‐SS‐PEG) containing disulfide and amido bonds was designed and synthesized, which has been used to construct a novel supramolecular nanocarrier through a host‐guest interaction with a perylene diimide derivative (PDI‐2NH4) and their supramolecular self‐assembly. This nanocarrier showed good drug loading capability, and dual stimulus responsiveness to enzyme and GSH (glutathione). After loading of doxorubicin (DOX), the prepared nanodrugs displayed efficient DOX release and outstanding cancer theranostics ability.
Uterine perforation during uterine repositioning on nonpuerperal uterine inversion by delivery of a large fibroid: A case report
Authors: Uomoto Mari , Tokinaga‐Uchiyama Aya , Kobayashi Natsuko , Okuda Mika 
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical MessageTransvaginal uterine restoration of nonpuerperal uterine inversion is difficult; there are risks of heavy bleeding and uterine perforation. In such cases, total hysterectomy and transfusion are inevitable.AbstractA 47‐year‐old woman with profuse genital bleeding, diagnosed with nonpuerperal uterine inversion caused by a uterine fibroma, underwent emergency surgery. Uterine perforation occurred during transvaginal uterine restoration, revealed by laparoscopy. Bleeding persisted and blood transfusion volume increased; therefore, a total hysterectomy was performed for hemostasis.
Do you know the diagnostic importance of susceptibility‐weighted imaging on MRI for patients with cerebral fat embolism?
Authors: Koshida Yuki , Nishimura Mitsushige , Kanazawa Kenji 
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical MessageIf you suspect cerebral fat embolism (CFE) of the diagnosis for the patients who present with impaired consciousness and hypoxia following a fracture, susceptibility‐weighted imaging should be included of head MRI imaging.AbstractWe report a case of cerebral fat embolism (CFE) that could be identified only by susceptibility‐weighted imaging (SWI). Collection and analysis of previous case reports of CFE revealed utilization of SWI in less than one third of suspected cases, despite its known diagnostic ability for CFE.
Alpha‐gal syndrome—Food or drug allergy: A case report
Authors: Božan Marina , Vukičević Lazarević Vesna , Marković Ivan , Morović‐Vergles Jadranka , Mitrović Joško 
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical MessageAlpha‐gal syndrome is an immunoglobulin E‐mediated hypersensitivity characterized by delayed allergic reactions to ingested products containing alpha‐gal carbohydrate. We present a patient with recurrent urticaria and suspected repaglinide hypersensitivity, who was eventually diagnosed with alpha‐gal syndrome, wanting to emphasize possible drug allergy misdiagnosis and required caution with the medication choice.
Liver fluke in a young Nepalese girl: A rare diagnostic puzzle
Authors: Pandey Anwesha , Mishra Aakash , Khadka Sagar , Manandhar Sunil Raja , Shrestha Ashish Lal 
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical messageFascioliasis poses diagnostic challenges to clinicians for its broad spectrum of hepatobiliary symptoms and lower detection rates. Timely and precise identification avoids long‐standing hepatic complications.AbstractFasciola hepatica, a trematode parasite, inhabits snails and sheep. Human hepatic fascioliasis is a neglected tropical disease with no specific tests. In this instance, the significance of clinical awareness, appropriate imaging, and serological investigations is demonstrated. A young Nepalese girl was diagnosed and managed successfully.
Modulating Catalyst‐Reactant Interface Microenvironment for Efficient Photocatalysis on Bismuth Sulfide
Authors: Lu Hua , Jin Xiuyue , Tong Shuzhi , Jin Mengru , Zhu Zhanjun , Fang Jiabao , Zhong Guolun , Chen Jue , Deng Meng , Chen Fei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPollution by organic dyes has received extensive attention due to their high toxicity, biohazard, and high stability in the natural environment, and the development of high‐efficiency dye degradation and heavy metal ion reduction technologies is urgently needed in photocatalysis. However, the interface microenvironment between catalyst and pollutant is often ignored, and the poor compatibility of the catalyst‐pollutant interface constrains further efficient catalysis. Herein, to improve the compatibility of the catalyst‐pollutant interface, a surfactant‐capping strategy for enhanced photocatalysis of rhodamine B (RhB) on one‐dimensional rod‐like Bi2S3 nanocrystals was investigated. Specifically, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)‐capped Bi2S3 (Bi2S3‐PVP) showed enhanced RhB degradation rate compared with pure Bi2S3, and further studies suggested enhanced reaction interface compatibility at the Bi2S3‐PVP‐RhB interface. This work provides an interface microenvironment modulation strategy for improving photocatalytic performance towards organic dyes.