bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A descriptive analysis of scoring patterns on clinically relevant questionnaires in 26 adults with diagnosed muscle dysmorphia
Authors: Martenstyn Jordan A. , Maguire Sarah , Griffiths Scott 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveFew studies have recruited adults with a formal diagnosis of muscle dysmorphia (MD), a psychological illness defined by preoccupation that one lacks muscularity and/or leanness, combined with significant functional impairment. This study presented descriptive statistics for a range of clinically relevant questionnaires in one of the largest samples of adults with confirmed diagnoses of MD.MethodWe recruited 29 adults who met diagnostic criteria for MD as determined by semi‐structured diagnostic interviews and administered a battery of questionnaires assessing MD symptomology, compulsive exercise, and disordered eating. Descriptive statistics were calculated for both total and subscale scores for each questionnaire. Raincloud plots are included to show the distribution of total scores.ResultsOf the 29 participants, 26 completed all questionnaires. Mean scores were high across all questionnaires and broadly consistent with results in past studies that also recruited a clinical MD sample. Most participants scored above proposed clinical cut‐off scores for questionnaires assessing compulsive exercise and disordered eating.ConclusionsThis study adds to the small body of published questionnaire data in clinical MD samples. We stress that questionnaire scores should not be used alone to infer the presence of MD, but could be considered as a useful adjunct to a comprehensive clinical interview.
Effect of dietary administration of Chinese torreya nut on reproductive function in ICR female mice and its possible mechanism of action
Authors: Yang Shuyuan , Huang Minjie , Dong Jie , Song Lili , Wang Deqian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractChinese torreya nut (Torreya grandis cv. Merrillii) is a unique edible nut that grows in China, which is known for its ability to reduce blood lipids, prevent blood sclerosis, and coronary heart disease. However, its effect on reproduction is not well understood. In this study, the comprehensive effects of Chinese torreya nut on the sex hormones and endometrium in female mice and their uterine expression profiles were investigated. Here, feeding of mice with Chinese torreya nut resulted in a decrease in uterine coefficients and serum progesterone levels, thickening of the endometrium, and an increase in estrogen levels. The enrichment analyses indicated that the differentially expressed genes between the Chinese torreya nut addition and control mice were enriched in NOD‐like receptor signaling pathway, complement and coagulation cascades and p53 pathway. Quantitative real time PCR and western blot results showed that there were significant differences in the transcripts and protein expression of estrogen receptor alpha and progestogen receptor associated with G protein coupled estrogen receptor. These findings suggest that Chinese torreya nut may have a potentially beneficial effect on coordinating uterine contractions in mice, rendering it a promising functional food.
Circadian aspects of mobility‐related behavior in patients with dementia: An exploratory analysis in acute geriatric psychiatry
Authors: Trumpf Rieke , Haussermann Peter , Zijlstra Wiebren , Fleiner Tim 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundAnalyzing patients' mobility‐related behavior may improve the assessment of motor behavior in dementia, however, few studies addressed circadian aspects of mobility. This cross‐sectional explorative study analyzed the timing of peak mobility‐related behavior, the prevalence of mobility‐related sundowning and nocturnal mobility‐related behavior and associated clinical characteristics in acute geriatric psychiatry.MethodsMobility‐related behavior of 73 patients (M: 81 years) was measured over 48 h using lower‐back worn hybrid motion sensors. We derived the start of the 30‐min period with peak gait activity (highest number of steps) for each day and the number of nocturnal steps taken from 10PM to 7AM. Professional caregiver ratings of the patients' motor behavior were conducted within the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI).ResultsThe mean start time of peak gait activity was 2:37PM, but large variations in timing were found (range: 3:25AM–9:30PM). Twenty‐five patients (34%) were identified as “sundowners”. Nocturnal mobility‐related behavior was measured in 35 patients (53%), whereas professional caregivers assessed night‐time disorders in only 19 patients (26%). Clinical characteristics of “sundowners” were not significantly different from other patients, except for lower doses of antipsychotics as compared to non‐sundowners (M:1.6 mg/day; p = 0.015). The number of nocturnal steps was significantly associated to corresponding NPI ratings (Spearman's rho = 0.4; p < 0.001).ConclusionAnalyzing the timing of peak gait activity and nocturnal step‐count seem to provide clinical applicable information on the circadian aspects of mobility‐related behavior in acute geriatric psychiatry. Even though the clinical validity needs to be evaluated, objective information on the individual circadian aspects of mobility‐related behavior could help to personalize treatment with benefits for patients and caregivers.
Impacts of a beaver dam analogue complex on streambed vertical hydraulic gradients in a 1.2‐km stream reach in Wyoming, USA
Authors: Cero Amyel Dale L. , Kelleher Christa A. , Shaw Stephen B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBeaver dam analogues (BDAs) have seen growing use as restoration structures across the western United States. This study investigates the patterns in streambed upwelling and downwelling along a 1.2‐km stream reach in Red Canyon Creek (RCC), Wyoming before and after the installation of 31 new BDAs and the upgrade of four existing BDAs in July 2021. Over 100 mini‐piezometers were used to measure upwelling and downwelling in low‐flow, summer periods as quantified by vertical hydraulic gradient (VHG). Both before and after BDA installation, the stream reach was dominated by downwelling patterns, suggesting that RCC was a net losing stream during this summer period, with and without BDAs. While there were spatial variations in VHG before BDA installation, this variation was not dependent on stream depth, water surface concavity, sediment characteristics, and position relative to meanders, suggesting that unobservable subsurface properties may be a control on VHG or that there are attributes that were not captured due to the 10‐m spacing of mini‐piezometers. After BDA installation, VHGs were primarily related to the magnitude of the elevation gradient across the BDA. VHGs were highest near the BDAs and diminished once moving more than a few metres from the BDAs. When VHGs were averaged over the full reach length, BDAs appeared to slightly enhance net stream loss, albeit we could not control for possible seasonal differences in water table gradient during the observtion period.
Study of groundwater recharge using combined unsaturated‐and saturated‐zone chloride mass balance methods
Authors: Jiang Sanyuan , Rao Wenbo , Han Liangfeng , Meredith Karina T. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUnderstanding groundwater recharge mechanisms is essential for reliable groundwater recharge estimation for sustainable groundwater resource assessment and management, especially in arid and semiarid areas. In this study, chloride, together with stable isotopes (18O and2H), in 1‐year rainfall, soil water from representative profiles, and groundwater samples, collected in the Ordos Plateau, northern China were analysed. Groundwater recharge was estimated using unsaturated‐ and saturated‐zone chloride mass balance (CMB). An equation that describes the relationship between chloride concentrations in saturated zone water (Csz) and soil water residence time (τ) was derived. With the help of the relationship, chloride concentrations in unsaturated zone water (Cuz) and in groundwater (Csz) can be used to uncover water flow and chloride transport in the unsaturated zone. The relationship betweenCszandCuzindicates that, the groundwater was recharged mainly by intense rainfall events. Small rainfall events did not lead to groundwater recharge but contributed to the flux of chloride to soil surface. Stable isotopic compositions of18O and2H provided corroborative evidence of the recharge processes. The relationship betweenCszandτindicates further that there is no source of chloride in the groundwater other than that from precipitation. Thus,Cszcan give more reliable recharge estimates.Cuzwas influenced by heavy rainfall‐induced runoff, run‐on and bypass flow events and cannot give reliable recharge estimates. However, if used jointly withCsz,Cuzcan help to gain insights into recharge processes and yield groundwater recharge estimates with higher certainty. The outcomes of this study can assist for groundwater recharge investigation and assessment in regions where the assumptions and boundary conditions necessary for the correct application of the CMB method may not be met.
External validation of genetically predicted protein biomarkers for pancreatic cancer risk using aptamer‐based plasma levels: A prospective analysis in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Authors: Liu Tanxin , Joshu Corinne E. , Lu Jiayun , Prizment Anna , Chatterjee Nilanjan , Coresh Josef , Wu Lang , Platz Elizabeth A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGenetically predicted proteins have been associated with pancreatic cancer risk previously. We aimed to externally validate the associations of 53 candidate proteins with pancreatic cancer risk using directly measured, prediagnostic levels. We conducted a prospective cohort study of 10 355 US Black and White men and women in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Aptamer‐based plasma proteomic profiling was previously performed using blood collected in 1993 to 1995, from which the proteins were selected. By 2015 (median: 20 years), 93 incident pancreatic cancer cases were ascertained. Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for protein tertiles, and adjust for age, race, and known risk factors. Of the 53 proteins, three were statistically significantly, positively associated with risk—GLCE (tertile 3 vs 1: HR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.12‐3.13; P‐trend = 0.01), GOLM1 (aptamer 1: HR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.16‐3.37; P‐trend = 0.01; aptamer 2: HR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.07‐3.24; P‐trend = 0.05), and QSOX2 (HR = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.09‐3.58; P‐trend = 0.05); two were inversely associated—F177A (HR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.35‐1.00; P‐trend = 0.05) and LIFsR (HR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.32‐0.93; P‐trend = 0.03); and one showed a statistically significant lower risk in the middle tertile—endoglin (HR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.29‐0.86); by chance, we expected significant associations for 2.65 proteins. FAM3D, IP10, sTie‐1 (positive); SEM6A and JAG1 (inverse) were suggestively associated with risk. Of these 11, 10 proteins—endoglin, FAM3D, F177A, GLCE, GOLM1, JAG1, LIFsR, QSOX2, SEM6A and sTie‐1—were consistent in direction of association with the discovery studies. This prospective study validated or supports 10 proteins as associated with pancreatic cancer risk.
The EnPlace® sacrospinous ligament fixation—A novel minimally invasive transvaginal procedure for apical pelvic organ prolapse repair: Safety and short‐term outcome results
Authors: Gold Ronen S. , Baruch Yoav , Neuman Menahem , Sumerov Natalia , Groutz Asnat 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe EnPlace® device is a novel minimally invasive tool allowing transvaginal sacrospinous ligament (SSL) fixation of apical pelvic organ prolapse (POP). The study aimed to investigate the safety and short–term efficacy of the EnPlace® SSL fixation for significant apical POP repair.MethodsA retrospective cohort study of 123 consecutive patients (mean age 64.4 ± 11.1 years) with stage III or IV apical POP who underwent SSL fixation by the EnPlace® device. Safety and 6‐month outcome results were analyzed and compared between 91 (74%) patients with uterine prolapse versus 32 (26%) patients with vaginal vault prolapse.ResultsThere were no intraoperative or early postoperative complications. The mean (± standard deviation) duration of surgery was 30 ± 6.9 min and mean blood loss was 30.5 ± 18.5 mL. The average position of point C by POP‐Quantification measurements before surgery and at 6 months postoperatively was 4.5 ± 2.8 cm and −3.1 ± 3.3 cm, respectively. Of 91 patients with preoperative uterine prolapse, eight (8.8%) patients developed a recurrent uterine prolapse within 6 months postoperatively. Of 32 patients with preoperative vault prolapse, two patients (6.3%) had recurrent vault prolapse.ConclusionShort‐term outcome results of EnPlace® SSL fixation suggest that it is a safe and effective minimally invasive transvaginal procedure for significant apical POP repair.
Smartphone‐based rapid and visual pathological diagnosis of glioma using perovskite probes
Authors: Wu Dongdong , Chi Jimei , Fan Junzhen , Cheng Lijun , Wang Xuning , Yang Xu , Zhang Meng , Lian Zewei , Huang Zengqi , Wang Huadong , Xie Hongfei , Chen Sisi , Pan Qi , Zhang Zeying , Chen Bingda , Sun Guochen , Xu Bainan , Su Meng , Song Yanlin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHistopathology plays a great role in diagnosing various diseases, which is considered as a golden standard for tumor identification. The tissue constituents must be stained by visible labels for microscopic analysis by medical experts. However, this process is time‐consuming, labor‐intensive, and expensive, which requires rapid pathological approaches for diagnosis in the operating room. Here, we present an easy‐to‐process and high‐performance perovskite biological probes for rapid and visual pathological diagnosis of glioma. Perovskite quantum dots can be encapsulated by the copolymer into nanocrystals (PNCs) with a diameter of 100 nm, which is modified with chlorotoxin to achieve the specific recognition of glioma. Benefiting from the super photoluminescence quantum yield (above 93%) of EVA@PNCs aqueous solution, the glioma can be clearly imaged and captured via a smartphone under the excitation of a handheld UV lamp. To demonstrate the visualization and efficiency of PNC probes, different malignant grades of brain tumor sections can be distinguished in no more than 5 min. This strategy provides a general auxiliary diagnosis platform for achieving the histopathology analysis near the operating bed, which is currently not feasible with standard histochemical staining methods.image
YouTube vloggers set the stage: How public (non)compliance with COVID‐19 regulations affects adolescents
Authors: Hensums Maud , van den Bos Wouter , Overbeek Geertjan , Larsen Helle 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionYouTube vloggers may be important socialization figures, yet their influence on adolescents' health‐related behaviors and cognitions is largely untested. In this two‐study mixed‐method project, we first assessed the extent of (non)compliance to COVID‐19 regulations by vloggers on YouTube and how viewers reacted to this. Second, we experimentally assessed the effects of vlogger behavior paired with viewer evaluations on adolescents' COVID‐19‐related attitudes, intentions, and behavior.MethodsFor Study 1, we coded 240 vlogs of eight popular Dutch vloggers on YouTube recorded in the period of February 2020–March 2021. For our 2 × 2 between‐subjects experiment in Study 2, Dutch adolescents (N = 285, Mage = 12.99, SD = 1.02, 41.8% girls) were randomly assigned to conditions in which they saw vlogs showing either compliance or noncompliance to COVID‐19 regulations, and to conditions in which they saw either supportive or dismissive comments under these vlogs.ResultsStudy 1: Vloggers' noncompliance with COVID‐19 regulations was not uncommon and received relatively more viewer support than compliance, suggesting that portrayed noncompliance may be potentially influential. Study 2: Adolescents were more worried about COVID‐19 after they watched a compliant (vs. noncompliant) vlogger. Also, vlogger noncompliance decreased adolescents' perceived importance of COVID‐19 regulations and rule‐setting for adolescents who identified strongly with the vloggers they watched.ConclusionsVloggers' (non)compliance affects adolescents' COVID‐19‐related worrying, and attitudes and behavior of adolescents who identify with vloggers strongly. This seems concerning given the sometimes harmful and risky behaviors vloggers portray online but could potentially also be employed to encourage healthy behaviors.
Risk of Fractures in Thyroid Cancer Patients With Postoperative Hypoparathyroidism: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Korea
Authors: Ahn Seong Hee , Lee You Jin , Hong Seongbin , Park Jung Wee , Jeon Ye Jhin , Yoo Bit‐Na , Ha Yong‐Chan , Bak Jean Kyung , Kim Ha Young , Lee Young‐Kyun 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTPostoperative hypoparathyroidism (PO‐hypoPT) is an uncommon complication of total thyroidectomy in thyroid cancer patients. Although long‐term hypoPT causes characteristic changes in bone metabolism, the risk of fractures in hypoPT remains inconclusive. We investigated the risk of fractures in Korean thyroid cancer patients with PO‐hypoPT. This was a retrospective cohort study using data from the Korea Central Cancer Registry and Korean National Health Insurance Service. We analyzed 115,821 thyroid cancer patients aged ≥18 years, who underwent total thyroidectomy between 2008 and 2016. The risk of any fractures, including vertebral, hip, humerus, and wrist fractures, according to parathyroid function after total thyroidectomy, was analyzed using the multivariable Cox proportional hazard model. The PO‐hypoPT and preserved parathyroid function groups included 8789 (7.6%) and 107,032 (92.4%) patients, respectively. Over a mean follow‐up duration of 4.8 years, 159 (1.8%) and 2390 (2.2%) fractures occurred in the PO‐hypoPT and preserved parathyroid function groups, respectively. The risk of any fractures was significantly lower in the PO‐hypoPT group than in the preserved parathyroid function group (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.83; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.70–0.98; p = 0.037) after adjusting for confounders. Regarding the fracture site, only the risk of vertebral fractures was significantly lower in the PO‐hypoPT group compared with the preserved parathyroid function group (HR = 0.67; 95% CI 0.47–0.96; p = 0.028) after adjusting for confounders. Subgroup analyses showed that bone mineral density measurements and calcium supplementation interacted with the relationship between PO‐hypoPT and the risk of any fractures (p for interactions = 0.010 and 0.017, respectively). PO‐hypoPT was associated with a lower risk of fractures in thyroid cancer patients, especially at the vertebra. The relatively low bone turnover caused by PO‐hypoPT and appropriate management for PO‐hypoPT with active vitamin D and calcium may prevent the deterioration of skeletal health in thyroid cancer patients who can easily be exposed to long‐term overtreatment with levothyroxine. © 2023 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Bakuchiol inhibits lung cancer by modulating tumor microenvironment and the expression of PD‐L1
Authors: Lin Mengxin , Xu Qian , Luo Yang , Liu Gaohua , Hou Peifeng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractImmune checkpoint therapy is an emerging frontier in cancer therapy. With the aim to develop an efficient herb derived compound to facilitate immune checkpoint therapy, here we investigate if a herb‐derived compound, Bakuchiol (BAK), can be used to treat lung cancer and elucidate if BAK could serve as a PD‐L1 regulator. To this end, a murine lung cancer model was established by subcutaneously inoculating murine Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells. BAK of 5 to 40 mg/kg was used for treatment in vivo for 15 days. On Day 15, the population of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, Treg cells. BAK could effectively inhibit tumor growth by starting treatment either on Day 0 or 6 after tumor inoculation at doses of 5−40 mg/kg. BAK treatment increased the population of cytotoxic immune cells (i.e., CD8+ T cells, and M1 macrophages), meanwhile decreasing pro‐tumor immune cells (i.e., CD3+ T cells, Treg cells, and M2 macrophages). Anti‐inflammatory cytokines, including IL1β, IL2, IFNγ, TNF‐α, IL4 and IL10 were upregulated by BAK. PD‐L1 expression in the tumor was also lowered by BAK. AKT and STAT3 signaling were inhibited by BAK. BAK is an efficient agent in reducing LLC tumor growth. These data support the potential of BAK as a new drug for treating lung cancer by serving as a PD‐L1 inhibitor that suppresses the activation of AKT and STAT3.
Thymoquinone protects against 5‐Fluorouracil‐induced mucositis by NF‐κβ and HIF‐1 mechanisms in mice
Authors: Madani Fatemeh , Kazemi Sohrab , Shirafkan Fatemeh , Lotfi Mandana , Hosseini Seyed M. , Moghadamnia Ali A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMucositis is among the most common side effects of 5‐Fluorouracil (5‐FU) and other cancer therapeutic drugs. Thymoquinone (TQ), a bioactive constituent extracted from Nigella sativa, has antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties and can modify acute gastrointestinal injury. To investigate the effects of TQ on mucositis induced by 5‐FU, studied animals were divided into four groups: control, 5‐FU unit dose (300 mg/kg) to cause oral and intestinal mucositis (OM and IM), TQ (2.5 mg/kg) and TQ (2.5 mg/kg) plus 5‐FU. Due to The molecular mechanisms, it was confirmed that the expression of NF‐κβ and HIF‐1 increases in OM. The serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as pathological parameters, were assessed. Based on our results, the nuclear factor‐kappa β gene expression in the tongue was downregulated significantly in the 5‐FU + TQ compared to the 5‐FU. TQ treatment can diminish MDA, and a reduction in oxidative stress was shown. TQ could also reduce the severity of tissue destruction and damaging effects induced by 5‐FU on the tongue and intestine. We also observed lower villus length and width in the intestine of the 5‐FU group compared to the control group. According to our research's pathological, biochemical, and molecular results, treatment with TQ as an anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant compound may be the potential to improve and treat 5‐FU‐induced OM and IM, and TQ could be used against cancer treatment drugs and exhibit fewer adverse effects.