bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of Penetrating Cardiac Injuries With Pericardial Window and Drainage in Select Patients
Authors: Czarkowski Brian R. , Byerly Saskya E. , Lenart Emily K. , Kerwin Andrew J. , Filiberto Dina M. 
Published: February 2023

Background Management of penetrating chest injuries with a positive pericardial window (PW) are presumed cardiac injuries and traditionally result in sternotomy. However, there is some evidence in the literature that select patients can be managed with PW, lavage, and drainage (PWLD). Methods All patients with penetrating chest trauma who underwent PW and/or sternotomy over a 5-year period were identified. Patients were stratified by operative intervention [PW + sternotomy vs PWLD] and compared. Multivariable logistic regression (MLR) analysis was performed to determine independent predictors of therapeutic sternotomy. Results Of the 146 patients who underwent PW and/or sternotomy included in the study, 126 patients underwent PW, 39 underwent sternotomy, and 10 underwent PWLD. There was no difference in demographics, LOS, ICU LOS, vent days, or mortality in patients who underwent PW + sternotomy, compared to patients who underwent PWLD. In the PWLD group, one patient returned to the OR for recurrent pericardial effusion and no patients required sternotomy. Multivariable logistic regression identified ISS as an independent predictor of therapeutic sternotomy (OR 1.160; 95% CI 1.006-1.338, P = .0616). Interestingly, positive FAST, significant CT findings, and trajectory were not predictors of therapeutic sternotomy. There were 7 patients with a left hemothorax and negative FAST found to have a positive PW and cardiac injury mandating sternotomy and repair. Conclusion Penetrating cardiac injury can be managed with PWLD in select patients. Positive FAST, significant findings on CT, and trajectory do not mandate sternotomy. A negative FAST in the setting of a hemothorax does not rule out a cardiac injury.
Situational Moral Evaluations: The Role of Rationalizations & Moral Identity
Authors: Herman Shaina , Pogarsky Greg 
Published: February 2023

Objectives Criminological research increasingly aims to better understand criminal behavior in context. Recent advancements demonstrate how perceptions of legal sanction risk are anchored in reality and influence offending decisions. Yet research on extralegal considerations involving morality has not kept pace. Such research has downplayed situational moral dynamics in offending decisions. This study presents and tests a conceptual framework on personal and situational morality that features situational rather than decontextualized moral evaluations of crime opportunities. Enduring personal morality is captured with the concept of moral identity. Findings are presented on the interrelationship between situational inputs, moral evaluations, and moral identity. Methods Data are collected with a survey containing randomized experiments to a nationwide sample of respondents ( n = 502). Findings Situational moral evaluations of specific crime opportunities vary positively with the presence of circumstances conducive to rationalizing the misconduct. There is also some indication that rationalization processes are more pronounced for individuals with stronger moral identities. Conclusions Criminological research should more closely target situational moral dynamics to better understand crime decision-making.
Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 gene expression positivity determined by silver in situ hybridization/immunohistochemistry methods and associated factors in a cohort of Sri Lankan patients with gastric adenocarcinoma: a prospective study
Authors: Subasinghe Duminda , Acott Nathan , Mahesh Pasyodun Koralage Buddhika , Sivaganesh Sivasuriya , Munasinghe Sithum , Kumarasinghe Mariyan Priyanthi , Samarasekera Dharmabandu Nandaveva , Lokuhetty Menaka Dilani Samarawickrema 
Published: February 2023

Objective Positive human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) expression and its predictive clinicopathological features remain unclear in Sri Lankan gastric cancer (GC) patients. Here, we aimed to determine GC HER2 status predictors by analyzing associations between clinicopathological features and HER2 expression using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and silver in situ hybridization (SISH). Methods During this 4-year prospective study, clinicopathological data were collected from participants in the National Hospital of Sri Lanka. HER2 IHC and SISH were performed using commercial reagents. Using chi-square tests, associations of HER2-IHC/SISH with clinicopathological features were analyzed. Results Overall, 145 GC patients were included, 69 had gastrectomies and 76 had biopsies. Positive HER2 expression by IHC was associated with age <60 years, high T stage (assessed pathologically in resections and radiologically in biopsies), high nuclear grade, tumor necrosis, mitosis >5/high-power field, with additional perineural invasion and lymphovascular invasion in resections. These features, excluding lymphovascular invasion but including male sex, were associated with HER2 expression by SISH. Conclusions Age <60 years, high nuclear grade, tumor necrosis, and perineural invasion are associated factors of HER2 status. These could be used to triage GC patients for HER2 status testing in limited resource settings where IHC/SISH analysis is costly.
The new World Mental Health Report: Believing impossible things
Authors: Allison Stephen , Bastiampillai Tarun , Looi Jeffrey CL , Kisely Stephen R , Lakra Vinay 
Published: February 2023

Objective We examine whether the recent World Health Organization (WHO) report on global mental health uses severity of illness as a criterion in priority setting for resource allocation. Conclusions The WHO does not prioritise severity in the recent landmark World Mental Health Report. It recommends instead the insuperable task of scaling-up interventions for broadly defined mental health conditions, including milder distress, amongst over a billion people, with the majority living in low- and middle-income countries. Schizophrenia, the most severe and disabling of all psychiatric illnesses, is relatively neglected in the WHO report, and the disability associated with bipolar disorder is underestimated. This is inconsistent with the ethical principle of vertical equity, where the most severe illnesses should receive the greatest priority. The global mental health movement must refocus on deinstitutionalisation, and ensure adequate community and general hospital treatment for severe illnesses, especially the 24 million people with schizophrenia.
Survival Outcomes of Patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics Stage IV Ovarian Cancer: Cytoreduction Still Matters
Authors: Xiao Yao , Linghu Hua 
Published: February 2023

Purpose There is still no consensus on the therapeutic strategies for patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IV ovarian cancer (OC). We aim to outline the clinical characteristics and optimal therapeutic strategies of patients with FIGO stage IV OC. Methods This single center retrospective study analyzed the clinical features and survival of patients with FIGO stage IV OC that underwent cytoreduction or received at least one course of chemotherapy between January 2014 and December 2020. Results One hundred and twenty patients were included. Surgery, especially optimal cytoreduction without residual mass improved the overall survival of patients in surgery group ( P = .047, HR .432, 95% CI .181-.987). Secondly, the completion of chemotherapy improved median overall survival of patients either with (53.0 months vs 25.0 months, P < .001, HR 7.015, 95% CI 1.372-35.881) or without cytoreduction (43.0 months vs 6.0 months, P = .006, HR 5.969, 95% CI 1.115-31.952). In patients with FIGO stage IVB, those with only extra-abdominal lymph node metastases had better survival. Conclusions In patients with FIGO stage IV, complete resection of intra-abdominal tumor foci and completion of chemotherapy provided considerable survival benefits to patients with FIGO stage IV OC. Among patients with FIGO stage IVB, those with only extra-abdominal lymph node metastases had a better prognosis.
Comparison of two multimodal intramuscular anaesthetic protocols in uncooperative feline patients: effects on sedation and echocardiographic measurements
Authors: Bagardi Mara , Locatelli Chiara , Brambilla Paola G , Ghilardi Sara , Rabbogliatti Vanessa , Amari Martina , Casiraghi Silvia , Ravasio Giuliano , Galimberti Luigi , Brioschi Federica A 
Published: February 2023

Objectives The aims of this study were to compare the sedative effect, feasibility of venous angiocatheter placement and influence on heart rate (HR), systemic blood pressure (SBP) and echocardiographic variables of two multimodal anaesthetic protocols in uncooperative cats; and to compare their influence on HR, SBP and echocardiographic variables 20 mins after sedation and after elective ovariectomy. Methods Eighteen stray female cats randomly received intramuscular (IM) ketamine (2 mg/kg) and methadone (0.3 mg/kg) plus dexmedetomidine (7 µg/kg; group D, n = 9) or alfaxalone (2 mg/kg; group A, n = 9). A sedation score (0–15 [from none to good sedation]) was assigned at 5 mins, 10 mins, 15 mins and 20 mins after IM injection. Venous angiocatheter placement and echocardiographic examination feasibility scores (both from 0 to 3 [from very difficult to very easy]) were recorded at 20 mins. Echocardiography, HR and blood pressure measurements (Doppler and oscillometric methods) were performed at 20 mins and at the end of surgery. Results Sedation and angiocatheter feasibility scores did not differ significantly between groups ( P >0.05); the feasibility score of echocardiographic examination was higher in cats in group D ( P = 0.01). HR was higher in group A at 20 mins and after surgery ( P <0.05). The systolic arterial pressure obtained with the Doppler method was statistically significantly higher in cats in group D than in group A at 20 mins ( P = 0.01), while postoperatively there were no differences between groups. Cats in group D showed significantly higher atrial diameters ( P <0.05) and slower atrial flows ( P = 0.04) compared with group A; ventricular thickness and atrial function did not differ between groups ( P >0.05). Most echocardiographic variables were not different at 20 mins vs postoperatively. Conclusions and relevance Both protocols allowed for effective sedation; however, cats in group D presented alterations in some echocardiographic measurements; the use of alfaxalone, combined with ketamine and methadone, is recommended to obtain a reliable echocardiographic evaluation in uncooperative cats.
The Use of Janus Kinase Inhibitors for Lichen Planus: An Evidence-Based Review
Authors: Abduelmula Abrahim , Bagit Ahmed , Mufti Asfandyar , Yeung Katie C.Y. , Yeung Jensen 
Published: February 2023

Background Lichen Planus (LP) is a dermatological disorder characterized by violaceous papules that affect the cutaneous region, nails, scalp, and mucous membranes. Current molecular and clinical studies point to the Janus Kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway as a potential effector of LP pathology. Objective This systematic review summarizes the current reported literature outcomes for patients receiving JAK inhibitors to treat LP. Methods MEDLINE and Embase were searched on 16 October, 2022, and 15 original articles were included, with 56 LP patients. Results (mean age: 54.5 years, range: 26-81 years, male: 26.8%). The treatment outcomes were included for the following JAK inhibitors: tofacitinib ( n = 30), baricitinib ( n = 16), ruxolitinib ( n = 12), and upadacitinib ( n = 2). Patient outcomes were classified into complete resolution, partial resolution, and no resolution. Patients achieving complete resolution represented 25% ( n = 4/16) in the baricitinib group, 10% ( n = 3/30) in the tofacitinib group, 16.7% ( n = 2/12) in the ruxolitinib group, and 100% (2/2) in the upadacitinib group. Partial resolution patients represented 31.3% ( n = 5/16) of baricitinib patients, 60% ( n = 18/30) of tofacitinib patients, and 83% ( n = 10/12) of ruxolitinib patients. 43.8% ( n = 7/16) of baricitinib patients and 10% ( n = 9/30) of tofacitinib patients had no resolution of lesions. Conclusion This review also highlights the significance of utilizing a uniform outcome measure for LP, as it aids in reporting more generalizable results, reduces reporting bias, and ultimately lead to improved clinical outcomes for LP patients.
Preparedness and response of assisted living facilities toward COVID-19 infection control in Houston, Texas, USA
Authors: Oladimeji Abisola M , Afe Abayomi Joseph , Olumuyiwa Tolulope , Offiong Charlene , Turibekov Bakbergen , Aikulola Oluwayemisi , Persse Courtney , Deadmon Jahana , Hansen Kristine , Barron Christine , Vijayan Vijisha , Mora Wanda , Farris Jacob , Dean Krysta , Johnson Thomas , Gonzalez Juan , Mansaray Rahmatu , Short Kirstin 
Published: February 2023

Background Long-term care facilities (LTCFs) including assisted living facilities (ALFs) are hubs for high transmission and poor prognosis of COVID-19 among the residents who are more susceptible due to old age and comorbidities. Aim Houston Health Department conducted assessments of ALFs within the City of Houston to determine preparedness and existing preventive measures at the facilities. Methods Onsite assessments were conducted at ALFs using a modified CDC Infection Control Assessment and Response (ICAR) Tool. Data was obtained on IPC measures, training, testing, vaccination etc. Data was analyzed, frequencies generated, and bivariate associations determined. Results A total of 118 facilities were assessed and categorized into small scale 46 (39%), medium scale 47 (40%), and large scale 25 (21%). The facilities had 2431 residents and 2290 staff. Thirty-one (26%) facilities reported an outbreak in 2020, while 14 (12%) had an ongoing outbreak. Twenty-three (97%) large-scale and 12 (26%) small-scale facilities had COVID-19 testing program. Vaccination coverage among residents ranged from 99% in large-scale to 40% in small-scale facilities but was smaller among staff at 748 (45%) in large scale, 71 (36%) in small scale, and 193 (45%) in medium scale. While 24 (96%) large-scale and 34 (77%) of small-scale facilities conducted staff training staff on IPC practices, 22 (92%) of large-scale and 19 (56%) of small-scale facility staff demonstrated capacity ( p = 0.01), respectively. Visitor screening was done at 100% of large-scale and 80% of small-scale and the medium-scale ALFs. Discussion Assisted living facilities within the city of Houston are at various levels of preparedness and interventions with respect to COVID-19 response.
Treatment outcomes of adjuvant radiotherapy in adrenocortical carcinoma – A 13-years experience from a tertiary care centre
Authors: Khosla Divya , Kapoor Rakesh , Singla Aditya K , Periasamy Kannan , Goyal Shikha , Madan Renu , Kumar Narendra , Behera Arunanshu , Singh Shrawan K , Bhadada Sanjay K , Walia Rama 
Published: February 2023

Purpose Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and highly aggressive malignant neoplasm, usually diagnosed in advanced stage. Role and efficacy of adjuvant radiotherapy has not been well defined. The objective of this study is to describe the various clinical characteristics and prognostic factors affecting the survival of ACC along with the role radiotherapy on overall survival and relapse free survival. Methods A retrospective analysis of 30 patients registered between 2007 and 2019 was carried out. The medical records containing clinical and treatment details were analysed. Data was analysed using SPSS 25.0. Survival curves were computed using Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to analyze the prognostic factors affecting the outcome. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results The median age of patients was 37.5 years (range, 5–72 years). 20 patients were females. Twenty-six patients had advanced stage (III/IV) disease while only four patients presented in early stage. Twenty-six patients underwent total adrenalectomy. Eighty three percent patients received adjuvant radiation therapy. The median follow up was 35.5 months (range, 7 monthss-132months). The estimated three- and 5-years overall survival (OS) was 67.2% and 23.3%, respectively. Capsular invasion and positive margins were the independent prognostic factors influencing both OS and relapse free survival (RFS). Out of 25 patients who received adjuvant radiation, only three patients had local relapse. Conclusion ACC is a rare and aggressive neoplasm with majority of patients presenting in advanced stage. Surgical resection with negative margins remains the mainstay of treatment. Capsular invasion and positive margins are independent prognostic factors for survival. Adjuvant radiation reduces the risk of local relapse and is well tolerated. Radiation can be used effectively in adjuvant and palliative settings in ACC.
Genome-wide mapping of GlnR-binding sites reveals the global regulatory role of GlnR in controlling the metabolism of nitrogen and carbon in Paenibacillus polymyxa WLY78
Authors: Wang Tianshu , Zhao Xiyun , Wu Xinyuan , Chen Sanfeng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundPaenibacillus polymyxaWLY78 is a Gram-positive, endospore-forming and N2-fixing bacterium. Our previous study has demonstrated that GlnR acts as both an activator and a repressor to regulate the transcription of thenif(nitrogenfixation) operon (nifBHDKENXhesAnifV) according to nitrogen availability, which is achieved by binding to the two GlnR-binding sites located in thenifpromoter region. However, further study on the GlnR-mediated global regulation in this bacterium is still needed.ResultsIn this study, global identification of the genes directly under GlnR control is determined by using chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative PCR (ChIP-qPCR) and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA). Our results reveal that GlnR directly regulates the transcription of 17 genes/operons, including anifoperon, 14 nitrogen metabolism genes/operons (glnRA,amtBglnK,glnA1,glnK1,glnQHMP,nasA,nasD1,nasD2EF,gcvH,ansZ,pucR,oppABC,appABCDFanddppABC)and 2 carbon metabolism genes (ldh3andmaeA1). Except for theglnRAandnifoperon, the other 15 genes/operons are newly identified targets of GlnR. Furthermore, genome-wide transcription analyses reveal that GlnR not only directly regulates the expression of these 17 genes/operons, but also indirectly controls the expression of some other genes/operons involved in nitrogen fixation and the metabolisms of nitrogen and carbon.ConclusionThis study provides a GlnR-mediated regulation network of nitrogen fixation and the metabolisms of nitrogen and carbon.
Activation of the IL-17/TRAF6/NF-κB pathway is implicated in Aβ-induced neurotoxicity
Authors: Liu Yulan , Meng Yang , Zhou Chenliang , Yan Juanjuan , Guo Cuiping , Dong Weiguo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Neuroinflammation plays a critical role in amyloid-β (Aβ) pathophysiology. The cytokine interleukin-17A (IL-17) is involved in the learning and memory process in the central nervous system, and its level was reported to be increased in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains, while the effect of IL-17 on the course of Aβ has not been well defined.

Methods
Here, we used APP/PS1 mice to detect the IL-17 expression level. Primary hippocampal neurons were treated with IL-17, and immunofluorescence was used to investigate whether IL-17 induced neuronal damage. At the same time, male C57BL/6 mice were injected with Aβ42 to mimic the Aβ model. Then, IL-17 neutralizing antibody (IL-17Ab) was injected into the lateral ventricle, and the open-field test, novel objective recognition test, and fear conditioning test were used to detect cognitive function. Long-term potentiation (LTP) was used to assess synaptic plasticity, molecular biology technology was used to assess the IL-17/TRAF6/NF-κB pathway, and ELISA was used to detect inflammatory factors.

Results
Altogether, we found that IL-17 was increased in APP/PS1 mice and induced neural damage by administration to primary hippocampal neurons. Interestingly, using Aβ42 mice, the results showed that the level of IL-17 was increased in Aβ42 model mice, and IL-17Ab could ameliorate Aβ-induced neurotoxicity and cognitive decline in 10 C57BL/6 mice by downregulating the TRAF6/NF-κB pathway.

Conclusion
These findings highlight the pathogenic role of IL-17 in Aβ-induced synaptic dysfunction and cognitive deficits. Inhibition of IL-17 could ameliorate Aβ-induced neurotoxicity and cognitive decline in C57BL/6 mice by downregulating the TRAF6/NF-κB pathway, which provides new clues for the mechanism of Aβ-induced cognitive impairments.
DnaK and DnaJ proteins from Hsp70/40 family are involved in Rubisco biosynthesis in Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 and sustain the enzyme assembly in a heterologous system
Authors: Rydzy Małgorzata , Kolesiński Piotr , Szczepaniak Andrzej , Grzyb Joanna 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRibulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) catalyzes the first step of carbon fixation performed by photosynthetic organisms. Form I of this enzyme found in plants and cyanobacteria is composed of eight large (RbcL) and eight small (RbcS) subunits. To form a functional enzyme, Rubisco subunits need to be properly folded, with the assistance of cellular chaperone machinery, and consecutively assembled in a strictly orchestrated manner, with the help of multiple auxiliary factors. In recent years, multiple Rubisco assembly chaperones and their function in enzyme biogenesis have been extensively characterized. Little is known about the potential specialized factors involved in Rubisco subunits folding at the pre-chaperonin stage, yet this knowledge is greatly needed for the fast and efficient testing of new Rubisco variants.Synechococcussp. PCC 6803 Rubisco shows limited solubility and a lack of assembly in theEscherichia coliexpression system. In this study, we aim to identify which additional chaperones are necessary and sufficient in sustaining the heterologous assembly of native Rubisco. Our findings prove that upon the introduction ofSynechocystisDnaK2 to theE. colisystem, RbcL is produced in soluble form. The addition of specific DnaJ (Sll1384) enhances this effect. We explain these combined effects based on binding constancies, measured for particular partners in vitro, as well as our analysis of the putative tertiary structure of the proteins. Our results have potential implications for Rubisco engineering.