bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on surface Morphology of 7075 aluminum alloy deep hole by two-dimensional ultrasonic elliptical vibration turning
Authors: Ye Yanqiu , Tong Jinglin , Hu Guiling , Yang Shuaikun , Zhang Zhipeng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In order to obtain 7075 aluminum alloy deep hole tube parts with better surface quality, the two-dimensional ultrasonic elliptical vibration turning (2D-UEVT) was studied. The tool tip trajectory model and the surface roughness model of 2D-UEVT deep hole were established. It was found that 2D-UEVT could obtain lower surface roughness than common turning (CT) through analyzing the theoretical model. Finally, the effects of turning parameters and acoustic parameters on surface morphology were studied by four-factor four-level orthogonal test. The experimental results indicated that the surface roughness Ra value decreased in different degrees after the 2D-UEVT. However, various turning parameters and acoustic parameters had different effects on the reduction of Ra. With the increase of the feed rate and spindle speed, the surface roughness Ra shows a trend of decreasing first and then increasing. With the increase of ultrasonic amplitude, the Ra displayed increasing first and then decreasing. The influence of cutting depth on the roughness is not significant. The results demonstrated that better surface texture and surface quality can be obtained with lower feed rate, medium ultrasonic amplitude and spindle speed.
Effect of Male Rabbit Urine on Aggressiveness and Affiliative Interactions in Group-Housing of Unfamiliar Mature Females
Authors: Cepeda Eva 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Rabbits are one of the most commonly used animals in biomedical research. Despite being social animals they are usually kept individually in cages in the research facilities. One limitation to the group-housing is aggression when mixing strange adult animals. Some studies have shown that male urine is effective in decrease the aggressiveness between female animals. We evaluated the behaviour of two groups of 4 unfamiliar adult female New Zealand White rabbits during 4 days. One group of animals was sprayed with buck urine prior to the formation of the group, the other group serves as control. The animals were tested in a large pen with an enriched environment in order to facilitate social housing. There were no main effects of treatment on the studied behaviours (aggression, social and agonistic behaviour, allogrooming and mounting). In both groups, the frequency of attacks was highest the first day and thereafter decrease considerably by day 4. Regarding social and agonistic behaviours, both increased progressively from day 1 to day 3, and decreased from day 3 to day 4. The food intake and body weight during the study was similar between control and treatment groups. No remarkable lesions were found. The findings indicate that urine had little or no effect at reducing aggression between the animals. Nevertheless, the adaptation of the animals to the groups was easily achieved within a few days. We propose that providing a large space and enriched environment will facilitate the socialization of unknown female adult rabbits.
The First Chinese with Hb Chile Leading to chronic Anemia and methemoglobinemia: A Case Report
Authors: Gong Yao , Zheng Qinxin , Long Sili , Chen Hongying , Liu Wenjun , Li Cheng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Hemoglobin (Hb) Chile [β28(B10) Leu > Met; HBB: c.85C > A] is a rare hemoglobin variant caused by a missense mutation in the HBB gene. Only one case of Hb Chile has been reported worldwide so far. It is an unstable hemoglobin, characterized by cyanosis associated with chronic methemoglobinemia and hemolytic anemia induced by sulfonamides or methylene blue.
Case presentation:
A 9-year-3-month-old girl had mild anemia of unknown etiology for more than 6 years. She had a slight pallor without other symptoms or signs. The complete blood count revealed normocytic normochromic anemia with a sometimes-elevated reticulocyte count, and the bone marrow cytology showed marked erythroid hyperplasia, but the tests related to hemolysis were normal. Therefore, the whole exome sequencing was performed and showed a heterozygous mutation for HBB: c.85C > A. With asymptomatic methemoglobinemia confirmed later, she was eventually diagnosed with Hb Chile.
Conclusions
This is the first report of Hb Chile in China and the second worldwide. This case shows that Hb Chile is clinically heterogeneous and difficult to diagnose and expands our understanding on the clinical and hematological traits of the disease.
Causal analysis of the association between gastroesophageal reflux disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Chen Gui , Gong Xin , Liu Shenrong , Xie Junyang , Wang Yingqi , Guo Wucheng , Liao Wenjing , Song Lijuan , Zhang Xiaowen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground:Recent observational studies have provided evidence of a close association between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, determining the causal relationship between these two conditions remains a challenge. In this study, we employed Mendelian randomization (MR), a genetic method using genome-wide association studies (GWAS), to investigate the causal relationship between GERD and IPF.Methods:In order to evaluate the causality of GERD in IPF, multiple MR methods were employed utilizing the GWAS databases of GERD from 473,524 individuals and of IPF from 451,025. Sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the robustness of MR results. Additionally, multi-variant Mendelian randomization (MVMR) was utilized to evaluate potential confounding factors.Results:We found a significant causal relationship between GERD and IPF (odds ratio [OR]: 1.002, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.001–1.003,P<0.001). This finding was also supported by the Weighted median analysis (OR: 1.002, 95% CI: 1.002–1.003,P=0.021). The sensitivity analysis did not reveal any significant deviation from the main results. Furthermore, MVMR analysis demonstrated that GERD significantly increased the risk of IPF, even after controlling for possible confounding factors (OR: 1.001, 95% CI: 1.001–1.003,P=0.04).Conclusions:The results of our study provide strong evidence of a causal relationship between GERD and IPF. Based on these findings, it is recommended that interventions be implemented for individuals with GERD to prevent the development of IPF.
Serological, molecular characteristics and cytokines profile of HBsAg negative/HBV DNA positive patients in clinic
Authors: Chen Shu-xiang , Liu Xin , Liu Hui , Lou Jin-li 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background In this study, the serological characteristics, sequencing analysis and cytokine levels of HBsAg negative and HBV DNA positive patients were analyzed to preliminarily determine whether being HBsAg clearance was related to immune function.
Methods Evaluate the basic medical records and laboratory data of 279 HBsAg negative and HBV DNA positive patients. Serum samples from 30 HBsAg negative and HBV DNA positive patients, 20 matched HBsAg persistently positive patients and 16 healthy people were tested for 48 cytokines, chemokines and growth factors. Sanger sequencing was used to analyze the HBV S region sequences of HBsAg negative and HBV DNA positive patients samples.
Results Of the 76428 HBV-infected patients enrolled, 358 (0.47%) were defined as HBsAg negative and HBV DNA positive patients. The main serological patterns of HBsAg negative and HBV DNA positive patients were anti-HBe and anti-HBc positive, accounting for 47.67%. HBV DNA load<200IU/ml was found in 94.98%. Serum sCD40L, G-CSF, IFN-γ, MIP-1α, RANTES and Eotaxin levels were significantly higher in the HBsAg negative group than in the HBsAg positive group(P＜0.05), but IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-13, IL-17A, PDGF-AA, TGF-α and TNF-β levels were lower in the HBsAg negative group(P<0.05). Between the HBsAg negative group and the healthy control group, there were also differences in the levels of several serum cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. The levels of AST/ALT were positively correlated with IL-15(P=0.040/0.009) and IL-18(P=0.031/P=0.003). Nine HBsAg negative samples were sequenced, revealing amino acid substitutions in the HBV S protein, including immune escape mutations(Y100C, S114T, C124Y, P127L, G130R, T131N, M133T) and affecting HBsAg secretion mutations(E2R/K/D).
Conclusions The levels of HBV DNA replication and transcription are low in most HBsAg negative and HBV DNA positive patients. Since there were fewer HBsAg negative and HBV DNA positive patients in this study with significant and meaningful HBV mutations, viral factors might not be the primary causes. Therefore, it is more valuable to proceed from the host factor. By inducing a slightly stronger host immune response and controlling liver inflammation, several cytokines and chemokines, including G-CSF, IFN-γ, MIP-1α, RANTES and Eotaxin, may promote in the clearance of HBsAg.
Microplastic ingestion perturbs the microbiome of Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti
Authors: Edwards Carla-Cristina , McConnel Gabriella , Ramos Daniela , Gurrola-Mares Yaizeth , Arole Kailash Dhondiram , Green Micah J. , Cañas-Carrell Jaclyn E. , Brelsfoard Corey L. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are common environmental pollutants; however, little is known about their effects after ingestion by insects. Here we exposed Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquito larvae to 1 µm polystyrene MPs and examined the impacts MP ingestion on adult emergence rates, gut damage, and fungal and bacterial microbiota. Results show that ingested MPs accumulate in the larval guts, resulting in gut damage. However, little impact on adult emergence rates was observed. MPs are also found in adult guts post-emergence from the pupal stage, and adults expel MPs in their frass after obtaining sugar meals. Moreover, MPs effects on insect microbiomes need to be better defined. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated the relationship between MP ingestion and the gut microbial communities in Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti. Notably, the microbiota composition was altered by the ingestion of increasing concentrations of MPs. Amplicon sequence variants (ASV) that contributed to differences in the bacterial and fungal microbiota composition between MP treatments were from the genera Elizabethkingia and Aspergillus, respectively. Furthermore, a decrease in the alpha diversity of the fungal and bacterial microbiota was observed in treatments where larvae ingested MPs. These results highlight the potential for the bacterial and fungal constituents in the mosquito microbiome to respond differently to the ingestion of MPs as larvae. Based on our findings and the effects of MP ingestion on the mosquito host micro- and mycobiome, MP pollution could impact the vector competence of important mosquito-transmitted viruses and parasites that cause human and animal diseases.
Investigation of factors influencing low physical activity levels in community-dwelling older adults with chronic pain: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Hida Mitsumasa , Imai Ryota , Nakamura Misa , Nakao Hidetoshi , Kitagawa Kodai , Wada Chikamune , Eto Shinji , Takeda Masatoshi , Imaoka Masakazu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Low levels of physical activity in individuals with chronic pain can lead to additional functional impairment and disability. This study aims to investigate the predictors of low physical activity levels in individuals with chronic pain with and to determine the accuracy of the artificial neural network used to analyze these predictors. Community-dwelling older adults with chronic pain (n = 103) were surveyed for their physical activity level and classified into low, moderate, or high physical activity level groups. Other measures that influence physical activity were also taken at the same time. Logistic regression analysis and multilayer perceptron analysis, an artificial neural network, were used for the analysis. Both analyses revealed that history of falls was a predictor of low levels of physical activity in community-dwelling older adults. Multilayer perceptron analysis showed excellent accuracy. Our data emphasize the importance of fall prevention in improving the physical activity level of community-dwelling older adults with chronic pain. We suggest that future cross-sectional studies should compare multiple analysis methods to show results with improved accuracy.
Insights into interactions of N-ethylpentylone drug with water and biomacromolecules
Authors: Belić Sanja , Miličević Marija Petrin , Vraneš Milan , Tot Aleksandar , Janković Nenad , Stevanović Nataša Radosavljević , Nikolov Jovana , Bagány Nikolett Cakó , Gadžurić Slobodan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
One of the new synthetic cathinones that has a high tendency to replace ecstasy and other established synthetic drugs is N-ethylpentylone, (NEP), due to its high potency, stimulative, hedonic and hallucinatory effects. In order to examine the interactions of NEP, the apparent molar quantities, thermal expansion coefficient, the apparent molar volume at infinite dilution and the limiting apparent molar expansibility were calculated from the experimental measurements of the density of NEP aqueous solutions in different temperature and molality ranges, from T = (293.15 to 313.15) K and from m = (0.05898 to 0.0977) mol·kg–1, respectively. The taste of NEP was estimated by calculated values of apparent specific molar volume at infinite dilution and it was concluded that its taste in aqueous solutions is bitter. Also, using the spectrofluorimetric technique, an intermolecular deactivation of in situ formed ethidium bromide (EB) complex with DNA (EB-DNA) was investigated in the presence of NEP. Obtained results indicated good affinity and efficiency of NEP to substitute EB from the EB-DNA complex via intercalation mode. Using molecular docking, it was concluded that the binding energy obtained for NEP indicates its higher affinity to interact with DNA, compared to methamphetamine and amphetamine, but lower compared to ecstasy. The affinity of NEP to bind to bovine serum albumin (BSA) was also investigated and discussed. It is shown that NEP could be efficiently transported and distributed through the blood and cells.
Cost of Concurrency in Hybrid Transactional Memory
Authors: Brown Trevor , ravi srivatsan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
State-of-the-art software transactional memory (STM) implementations achieve good performance by carefully avoiding the overhead of incremental validation (i.e., re-reading previously read data items to avoid inconsistency) while still providing progressiveness (allowing transactional aborts only due to data conflicts). Hardware transactional memory (HTM) implementations promise even better performance, but offer no progress guarantees. Thus, they must be combined with STMs, leading to hybrid TMs (HyTMs) in which hardware transactions must be instrumented (i.e., access metadata) to detect contention with software transactions. We show that, unlike in progressive STMs, software transactions in progressive HyTMs cannot avoid incremental validation. In fact, this result holds even if hardware transactions can read metadata non-speculatively. We then present opaque HyTM algorithms providing progressiveness for a subset of transactions that are optimal in terms of hardware instrumentation. We explore the concurrency vs. hardware instrumentation vs. software validation trade-offs for these algorithms. Our experiments with Intel and IBM POWER8 HTMs seem to suggest that (i) the cost of concurrency also exists in practice, (ii) it is important to implement HyTMs that provide progressiveness for a maximal set of transactions without incurring high hardware instrumentation overhead or using global contending bottlenecks and (iii) there is no easy way to derive more efficient HyTMs by taking advantage of non-speculative accesses within hardware.
Melatonin ameliorates acute lung injury caused by paraquat poisoning by promoting PINK1 and BNIP3 expression
Authors: Yin Yiyuan , Shen Haitao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractParaquat (PQ) poisoning can result in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, mainly manifesting as acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. No specific cure exists for PQ poisoning. However, by scavenging mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), the damage-associated molecular pattern during PQ poisoning, mitophagy can ameliorate the downstream inflammatory pathways activated by mtDNA. Melatonin (MT), however, can promote the expression of PINK1 and BNIP3, which are key proteins involved in mitophagy. In this study, we first explored whether MT could reduce PQ-induced acute lung injury by affecting mitophagy in animal models, and then, we studied the specific mechanism associated with this process through in vitro experiments. We also evaluated MT intervention in the PQ group, while inhibiting the expression of PINK1 and BNIP3, to further determine whether the protective effects of MT are associated with its effect on mitophagy. We found that when the expression of PINK1 and BNIP3 was inhibited, MT intervention could not reduce mtDNA leakage and the release of inflammatory factors caused by PQ exposure, suggesting that the protective effect of MT was mitigated. These results suggest that by promoting the expression of PINK1 and BNIP3 and activating mitophagy, MT can reduce mtDNA/TLR9-mediated acute lung injury during PQ poisoning. The results of this study could provide guidance for the clinical treatment of PQ poisoning to reduce associated mortality.
Drag Reducing Polymers in Multi-phase Flow Pipelines: Energy-Saving and Future Directives
Authors: Alsurakji Ihab H. , Al-Sarkhi A. , El-Qanni Amjad , Mukhaimar Ayman 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFrictional pressure drop has been grasping the attention of many industrial applications associated with multi-phase and academia. Alongside the United Nations, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development calls for the exigency of giving attention to economic growth, a considerable reduction in power consumption is necessary to co-up with this vision and to adhere to energy-efficient practices. Thereinto, drag-reducing polymers (DRPs), which do not require additional infrastructure, are a much better option for increasing energy efficiency in a series of critical industrial applications. Therefore, this study evaluates the effects of two DRPs―polar water-soluble polyacrylamide (DRP-WS) and nonpolar oil-soluble polyisobutylene (DRP-OS)―on energy efficiency for single-phase water and oil flows, two-phase air-water and air-oil flows, and three-phase air-oil-water flow. The experiments were conducted using two different pipelines; horizontal polyvinyl chloride with an inner diameter of 22.5 mm and horizontal stainless steel with a 10.16 mm internal diameter. The energy-efficiency metrics are performed by investigating the head loss, percentage saving in energy consumption (both per unit pipe length), and throughput improvement percentage (%TI). Irrespective of flow types and variation in liquid and air flow rates, experiments conducted for both DRPs in larger pipe diameter were found to reduce head loss and increase saving in energy consumption and throughput improvement percentage. In particular, DRP-WS is found to be more promising as an energy saver and the consequent savings in the infrastructure cost. Hence, equivalent experiments of DRP-WS in two-phase air-water flow using a smaller pipe diameter show that the head loss drastically increases. However, the percentage saving in power consumption and throughput improvement percentage is significantly compared with that found in the larger pipe. Thus, this study found that DRPs can improve energy efficiency in various industrial applications, with polar water-soluble polyacrylamide being particularly promising as an energy saver. However, the effectiveness of these polymers may vary depending on the flow type and pipe diameter.
Performance analyzes of thermodynamic indices and atmospheric parameters in thunderstorm and non-thunderstorm days in Istanbul, Turkey
Authors: Yavuz Veli 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the thunderstorm (TS) events in the megacity Istanbul by using thermodynamic indices and atmospheric stability parameters for the period of 2001-2022. It was determined that TS events did not show any trend on an annual basis, mostly occurred in the warm season (May to September), and mostly lasted for a few hours. The thermodynamic indices and atmospheric stability parameters used in the study are Showalter Index (SI), Lifted Index (LI), Severe Weather Threat Index (SWEAT), K-Index (KI), Totals Totals Index (TTI), Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE), Convective Inhibition (CIN), and Bulk Richardson Number (BRN). Annual and seasonal analyzes of all indices and parameters were performed for TS and non-TS events. Significant differences were found in both average, maximum, and minimum values. The Probability of Detection (POD), False Alarm Ratio (FAR), Miss Rate (MR), Critical Success Index (CIS), Hiedke Skill Score (HSS), and True Skill Score (TSS) were used to analyze the success of the threshold values presented in the literature in detecting TS events. Then, the seasonal successes of these threshold values were tested. It was found that the best predictions were mostly in the summer season and the worst predictions in the winter season. The ideal threshold values were determined for indices and parameters by increasing or decreasing the existing threshold values at certain rates. Success increases of up to 15% in skill scores for the proposed threshold values.
Consultation with a neurosurgeon upon initial medical assessment is associated with improved prognosis of glioblastoma patients
Authors: Kawauchi Daisuke , Ohno Makoto , Miyakita Yasuji , Takahashi Masamichi , Yanagisawa Shunsuke , Omura Takaki , Yoshida Akihiko , Kubo Yuko , Igaki Hiroshi , Ichimura Koichi , Narita Yoshitaka 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose: The neurological status of glioblastoma (GBM) patients rapidly deteriorates. We recently demonstrated that early diagnosis and surgery within three weeks from the initial symptoms are associated with improved survival. While GBM is a semi-urgent disease, the prehospital behaviors and clinical outcomes of GBM patients are poorly understood. We aimed to disclose how prehospital patient behavior influences the clinical outcomes of GBM patients.
Methods: IDH-wildtype GBM patients treated at our institution between January 2010 and December 2019 were reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups: neurosurgeon and non-neurosurgeon groups, based on the primary doctor whom patients sought for an initial evaluation. Patient demographics and prognoses were examined.
Results: Of 170 patients, 109 and 61 were classified into the neurosurgeon and non-neurosurgeon groups, respectively. The median age of neurosurgeon group was significantly younger than the non-neurosurgeon group (61 vs. 69 years old, P = 0.019) and in better performance status (preoperative KPS scores ≥ 80: 72.5% vs. 55.7%, P = 0.027). The neurosurgeon group exhibited a significantly shorter duration from the first hospital visit to the first surgery than the non-neurosurgeon group (18 vs. 29 days, P < 0.0001). Furthermore, the overall survival of the neurosurgeon group was significantly more prolonged than that of the non-neurosurgeon group (22.9 vs. 14.0 months, P = 0.038).
Conclusion: Seeking an initial evaluation by a neurosurgeon was associated with prolonged survival in GBM patients. A short duration from the first hospital visit to the first surgery is essential in enhancing GBM patient prognosis.