bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Profil épidémiologique des risques professionnels associés au brûlage artisanal de matières plastiques à Parakou
Authors: Gounongbé Ahoya Christophe Fabien , Azandjèmè Colette Sylvie , Owona Manga Léon Jules , Mama Cissé Ibrahim , Hinson Antoine Vikkey 
Published: September 2023

Introduction : La combustion du plastique dégage des fumées et des gaz toxiques. De plus en plus de personnes se livrent à l’activité professionnelle de soudage de pièces en plastique par fusion au Bénin, d'où la nécessité de cette étude. But de l’étude : Évaluer la fréquence des différents risques professionnels associés au soudage de matières plastiques par brûlage à Parakou. Il s'agit d'une étude transversale, descriptive et à visée analytique qui a porté sur les soudeurs de plastiques à Parakou. Les données ont été collectées à l’aide d’un questionnaire. Les variables étudiées étaient l’accident du travail, les maladies professionnelles et les caractéristiques socioprofessionnelles. Les données ont été analysées par Épi info version 7.2.1.0. Le seuil de signification a été fixé à p < 0,05. Résultats : Au total 137 sujets ont été enquêtés. Ils étaient tous de sexe masculin. La quasi-totalité d’entre eux était victime d’accidents du travail. Les lésions siégeaient surtout aux doigts (99 %) et aux pieds (99 %). Les manifestations morbides les plus exprimées étaient les troubles musculo-squelettiques (98 %), la rhinite (87 %), la toux (79 %), le larmoiement (98 %) et l’hyperhémie conjonctivale (94 %). Conclusions : Le soudage de plastique à Parakou est une activité à risque sanitaire élevé pour les artisans. La prise de mesures protectrices pour ces artisans est urgente.
Retracer le parcours de femmes refusant une grossesse illégitime à partir des archives judiciaires (France, xviie-xviiie siècles)
Authors: Tatoueix Laura 
Published: September 2023

En France, au xviiie siècle, l’avortement volontaire apparaît dans les archives dans le cadre de procédures menées pour les crimes de « recel de grossesse et suppression de part » tels que les définit l’édit d’Henri II de février 1557. Ces procédures donnent à voir des avortements, mais également des infanticides. Ces sources, pourtant très standardisées, permettent de reconstituer les parcours de ces femmes traduites devant la justice, du rapport sexuel à la fin de la grossesse. Par conséquent, elles invitent à considérer l’avortement dans un contexte plus large de pratiques de refus d’une grossesse précédant un avortement ou succédant à une tentative d’avortement ratée. De plus considérer l’avortement lui aussi sous forme de parcours invite à s’intéresser au contexte spécifique du passage à l’acte en questionnant la capacité d’agir de ces femmes refusant une grossesse.
Entre Moyen Âge et Modernité : les embrasures de bouches à feu du château de Montcavrel, aux remparts de Montreuil et dans la motte de Guînes
Authors: Routier Jean-Claude 
Published: September 2023

Cette étude porte sur l’adaptation des fortifications à l’artillerie à feu du xve au xvie siècle, avec en fil rouge, les types de bouches à feu observés sur des sites très différents fouillés par l’auteur : le château de Montcavrel, les remparts bastionnés de Montreuil et la motte castrale de Guînes, dans le Pas-de-Calais. À la mise en place, dans la seconde moitié du xve siècle, de la meurtrière à fente simple percée d’emblée ou après coup d’un orifice pour petit canon, succède un dispositif plus élaboré de meurtrières à double ébrasement pour armes d’épaule et tir de pièces à canon, dit « embrasures à la française ». Cette évolution est marquée, sous le règne de François Ier, à Montreuil, par quelques bouches à feu à lucarne externe très évasée pour donner un rayon d’action plus large au canon. Plusieurs de ces ouvertures sont parties intégrantes de la maçonnerie nouvelle du xvie siècle et d’autres réutilisent des percements plus anciens comme les archères des tours ouest de l’enceinte de Philippe Auguste du xiiie siècle. Dans le remaniement des fortifications au xviie siècle, certaines canonnières seront murées et inopérantes, d’autres garderont leur fonction originelle, sans que la place forte ait eu à se défendre. La nécessité de répondre aux attaques de l’artillerie a concerné non seulement les villes fortifiées, mais également les lieux déjà pourvus d’organes militaires à la base, tels les châteaux, manoirs et maisons fortes d’Artois et du Boulonnais.
Apprentissages circassiens et culture familiale : l’exemple de la compagnie Alexis Gruss
Authors: Petiteau Natalie 
Published: September 2023

La piste est un haut lieu de création artistique et culturelle puisqu'elle réunit des arts nombreux : musique, danse, acrobatie, jonglerie, mime, arts équestres... Elle met en scène des artistes tellement complets qu'elle est aussi un lieu d'apprentissage. La dernière compagnie qui en France perpétue les arts circassiens dans le respect des pratiques affirmées au xixe siècle, celle d'Alexis Gruss, est un excellent laboratoire de ces processus : héritages familiaux depuis sept générations, fondation de la première école de cirque en France, apprentissage au sein de la famille où chaque nouveau membre trouve un « père d'élève », selon le terme consacré dans le monde du cirque, parmi ses parents ou ses oncles et tantes. La communication proposée étudiera donc tous les processus d'apprentissage artistique au sein de la famille d'Alexis Gruss.
L’apport de l’archéologie préventive à la connaissance de sites castraux régionaux
Authors: Willot Jean-Michel 
Published: September 2023

Depuis une dizaine d’années, des châteaux de la frange littorale du département du Pas-de-Calais sont l’objet de travaux de restauration ou concernés par des projets d’aménagements. Des opérations archéologiques préventives sont alors réalisées sur des monuments anciennement ou peu étudiés. L’intervention archéologique, qui conduit à des mesures de protection des sites, s’arrête à la première étape du diagnostic et livre, de fait, des informations partielles, mais inédites sur ces sites castraux. Il se pose alors la question de l’exploitation de ces données et de leur diffusion. Trois opérations archéologiques – la motte urbaine Sithiu, le château comtal de Saint-Omer et le château d’Hardelot – illustrent les écueils rencontrés et les solutions trouvées dont le présent article se fait l’écho.
Study of serum C-reactive protein level and sputum eosinophils in patients with bronchial asthma
Authors: Al-Aarag Abdelsadek H. , Rawy Abeer M. , EL-Behissy Mona M. , Abdelraheem Marwa M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways in which many cells play a role, in particular mast cells, eosinophils, and lymphocytes. It is a major chronic airway disorder that poses a serious public health problem worldwide. C-reactive protein (CRP) is used mainly as a marker of inflammation.

Aim of the work
This study aims to clarify the relationship between serum CRP, sputum eosinophils, and the degree of airway inflammation in asthmatic patients (stable or in exacerbation) for use as a prognostic marker in detecting the severity of the disease.

Participants and methods
The study was carried out on 60 patients who were admitted to the chest department, Benha University Hospital. They were divided into two groups: 40 patients with bronchial asthma (20 patients with controlled asthma and 20 patients with exacerbated asthma) and 20 apparently healthy individuals. Patients and controls were subjected to a full assessment of history and clinical examination. Spirometry, serum CRP level, and sputum eosinophil count were measured in asthmatic patients and in healthy control individuals.

Results
Serum CRP was significantly increased in 85% of patients with acute exacerbation, whereas only 30% of patients with controlled asthma showed increased serum CRP. Its level was markedly increased during exacerbation. The sputum eosinophil count was highly increased in the exacerbated asthma group and 25% of patients in the controlled asthma group. There was a negative correlation between CRP, forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), FVC, and FEV1/FVC and a highly significant positive correlation with sputum eosinophils.

Conclusion
There is an association between airway inflammation in bronchial asthma and elevated level of CRP and sputum eosinophils.
Serum interleukin 23 and its associations with interstitial lung disease and clinical manifestations of scleroderma
Authors: Hammad Gamal A. , Eltanawy Refaat M. , Fawzy Rasha M. , Gouda Tahany M. A. , Eltohamy Mona A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex disease linked to immune system activation, vascular damage, associated with increased synthesis, and deposition of extracellular matrix, which contain excessive amounts of structurally normal collagen. Interleukin 23 (IL-23) might play a role in disease development and severity. This study aimed to assess the relationship between serum level of IL-23 and interstitial lung disease in SSc.

Patients and methods
Thirty patients with SSc together with 30 age-matched and sex-matched healthy volunteers were recruited in this study. Serum IL-23 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Functionally, lung involvement was assessed by pulmonary function tests and radiologically by chest radiography and high-resolution computed tomography of the lungs.

Results
Mean serum IL-23 level was significantly highly elevated in SSc patients compared with healthy controls (P<0.005). Patients with elevated IL-23 levels exhibited shorter disease duration (P<0.05). Moreover, mean serum IL-23 level was elevated in diffuse SSc cases compared with limited SSc cases and in cases with pulmonary fibrosis (P<0.05), although they were not associated with other clinical features. Elevated mean serum IL-23 level was significantly higher in mild restrictive cases compared with moderate and severe restrictive cases. As regards highresolution computed tomography, mean serum IL-23 level was statistically highly significantly elevated in cases with ground-glass appearance (P<0.001) compared with others.

Conclusion
Alterations in serum concentrations of IL-23 support the hypothesis that IL-23 is associated with induction of SSc generally and SSc associated with interstitial lung disease specifically. Presumably, blockage of IL-23 could be used as a potential therapeutic target in early SSc.
Forced vital capacity as a primary clinical outcome measure of bronchodilator reversibility in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Khalil Magdy Mohamed , AbdelFattah Eman Badawy , Mostafa Yasmin Yousif 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Spirometry is the most reproducible and objective measurement of airflow limitation. The effectiveness of inhaled bronchodilator in individual patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is assessed by comparing measurements from pulmonary function tests made before and after administration. Generally forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) is the marker used with the global initiative for COPD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease) guidelines. An increase in FEV1 that is both greater than 0.2 l and 12% above the prebronchodilator FEV1 value is considered significant.
The aim of this study is to assess forced vital capacity (FVC) as a clinical outcome measure of bronchodilator reversibility in patients with COPD.

Patients and methods
This was a prospective study conducted on 163 patients with COPD at Suez Chest Hospital during the period from first of October 2016 till the end of March 2017. Patients were diagnosed based on clinical and spirometric criteria, and then reversibility test was done using inhaled short-acting B2-agonist. All patients were subjected to COPD Assessment Test questionnaire.

Results
Overall, 14.11% of patients had significant increase in FEV1, whereas 54.6% of patients had significant increase in FVC after bronchodilator inhalation. There was a highly significant positive correlation in FEV1 and FVC value before and after bronchodilator inhalation, and there was a highly significant direct correlation between ΔFEV1 and ΔFVC. There was a statistically significant relation between age and COPD Assessment Test score and ΔFVC.

Conclusion
ΔFEV1 underestimates the true effect of bronchodilator as airway obstruction increases. The addition of ΔFVC to the evaluation will help physicians to better interpret airways reversibility tests, particularly in more severe patients, without adding spirometric maneuvers or measurements. Patients with COPD, even if nonresponders in terms of FEV1, may benefit from bronchodilators because they can breathe at a lower lung volume owing to reduced air-trapping, notwithstanding the fact that they are still flow limited. ΔFVC correlates better than ΔFEV1with the degree of airway obstruction and the clinical status of the patients.
Modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in patients with Behçet’s disease: a multicenter experience
Authors: El-Shebiny Emad , El-Fakharany Amira , Zahran Enas , Shoeib Sabry , Salem Mohamed , Elnaggar Mohammed , Morad Nibal 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Vascular involvement in Behçet’s disease (BD) is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity. Modifiable cardiovascular risk factors such as high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, overweight, and smoking have been demonstrated to have a significant impact on cardiovascular disease in the general population with or without other diseases.

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether modifiable cardiovascular disease risk factors differ among patients with BD in comparison with the general population.

Patients and methods
This was a multicenter case–control study carried out on 182 BD patients identified by analysis of the databases of the International Study Group Classification Criteria. The patients were compared with 80 controls matched for age, sex, and study period. Full clinical history taking and medical examination were carried out for all patients, and investigations including lipid profile and blood glucose were carried out and data on hypertension, height, weight, and smoking were collected and recorded.

Results
Levels of serum low-density lipoprotein (P<0. 005) and cholesterol (P<0.005) were significantly high in the Behçet patient group, but no statistical difference was detected as regards triglycerides, diabetes mellitus, or BMI. Smoking and hypertension increase the risk of cardiovascular manifestations in our patients. The mean±SD age of BD patients was 31.6±9.008, 76.9% were male individuals and 23.1% were female individuals.

Conclusion
Patients with BD had a high prevalence of cardiovascular comorbidities. Optimal control of blood pressure, lipids and blood sugar with reduction in body weight and stoppage of smoking may be an effective strategy to reduce vascular complications in these populations.
Prevalence, risks, and comorbidity of thyroid dysfunction: a cross-sectional epidemiological study
Authors: Rashad Nearmeen M. , Samir Ghada M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Worldwide, the incidence of individuals with thyroid dysfunction is increasing and represents approximately 30–40% of the patients seen in an endocrine clinic. The undiagnosed thyroid dysfunction may adversely affect the metabolic control and add more risk to already predisposing cardiovascular risk factors. Thus, the objective of the present study was to assess the prevalence of undiagnosed thyroid dysfunction and its association with other comorbidities.

Patients and methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 430 patients who attended the outpatient clinic of Diabetes and Endocrinology, the Internal Medicine Department, Zagazig University Hospitals. All patients underwent clinical and laboratory evaluations. A total of 304 patients had normal thyroid function (euthyroid) and 126 patients had thyroid dysfunction, who were stratified into one of the following groups based on the reference of the normal thyroid function test result: hyperthyroidism, subclinical hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and subclinical hypothyroidism. Thyroid-stimulating hormone and free thyroxine were used as the screening tests to diagnose thyroid dysfunction.

Results
Our results show the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was 29.3%. Among thyroid dysfunction groups, the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism was 44.4%, hypothyroidism was 20.6%, hyperthyroidism was 19.2%, and subclinical hyperthyroidism was 15.8%. The prevalence of overall thyroid dysfunction among studied patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was 27.6%, whereas in type 1 diabetes mellitus, the prevalence of overall thyroid dysfunction was 38.7%. Patients with subclinical hypothyroidism and hypothyroidism had a high prevalence of hypertension compared with those with subclinical hyperthyroidism and clinical hyperthyroidism. Approximately 8% of studied pregnant female patients had subclinical hypothyroidism. Among the 15% of female patients in the postpartum period who had thyroid dysfunction, 10% had clinical hypothyroidism and 5% had clinical hyperthyroidism. Among postmenopausal women, 20% had thyroid dysfunction (12% had subclinical hypothyroidism and 8% had clinical hypothyroidism).

Conclusion
The most frequently undiagnosed thyroid dysfunction was subclinical hypothyroidism. Thyroid dysfunction was common in certain age groups: reproductive age and postmenopausal as well as in patients with diabetes mellitus and hypertension; thus, screening for thyroid disease among those groups of patients should be routinely performed.
Value of serum fibronectin for assessment of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C virus patients
Authors: Ghafar Ahmed A. , Ghoneem Elsayed , Agwa Ramy H. , Akef Ahmed , Hasan Ahmad S. H. , Abdallah Nahed 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The stage of liver fibrosis is the most important predictive factor for initiation and duration of antiviral treatment, where patients with early fibrosis stages respond to treatment better with a higher sustained virologic response rate. Several noninvasive tests to stage the degree of fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection have been used. No single test is known to have high accuracy and the results of each test must be carefully interpreted. The objective of the study is to evaluate the value of serum fibronectin (FN) as a noninvasive predictor for the assessment of HCV-induced liver fibrosis.

Patients and methods
A total of 100 patients with chronic HCV infection proved by HCV antibodies and HCV RNA preparing for antiviral treatment were exposed to full history, physical examination, and laboratory assessment. Serum FN level and fibroscan were done for all patients. According to the results of fibroscan, the patients were divided into four groups of liver fibrosis and compared.

Results
All patients were proved to have HCV viremia with average PCR of 1990.52 ±3144.29 copies/ml. A statistically significant difference was found as regards FN, fibroscan, and APRI score between patients with fibrosis in comparison to patients without fibrosis. According to fibroscan results, 20 patients were found with fibrosis stage 0, 24 patients with stage 1, 24 patients with stage 2, eight patients with stage 3, and 24 patients with stage 4 (cirrhosis). On comparison of different stages of fibrosis as regards FN level, we found no statistically significant difference between stages. FN have a sensitivity of 67.5% and a specificity of 47.4% with 84.4% positive predictive value.

Conclusion
FN is a good noninvasive marker for the assessment of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic HCV. Larger scale multicenter studies are needed to assess its validity in the detection of fibrosis caused by causes other than HCV.
Hearing loss-related knowledge and attitude toward neonatal hearing screening among Egyptian parents
Authors: Elbeltagy Reem , Bakry Huny M. , Waly Eman H. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Hearing loss is considered one of the most prevalent global health concerns. In Egypt, the accurate estimation of hearing loss among children is difficult to be determined owing to the absence of a national hearing screening program until now. The parents play an important role in the process of hearing screening and intervention. Their knowledge and attitude certainly influence their decisions. Their decisions toward early identification and intervention of hearing loss may have lifelong effects on the infant’s life.

Aim
To assess the knowledge and attitude of Egyptian parents toward risk factors of infant hearing loss and its neonatal screening and treatment.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 384 Egyptian parents through convenience sampling technique using an online questionnaire over a period of 3 months (from August 2018 to November 2018).

Results
Overall, 51.6% of the parents who participated in the study had a good knowledge about hearing loss, and 99.5% had a good attitude toward neonatal hearing screening. There was no significant association between knowledge, attitude, and sociodemographic characteristics except between the attitude toward child wearing of hearing aid and age of the parents.

Conclusion and recommendation
In spite of good positive attitude toward neonatal hearing screening and infant wearing of hearing aids among the studied parents only half of them showed a good level of knowledge about hearing loss. Accordingly, the application of a national newborn hearing screening program is highly recommended.
Assessment of the role of otoendoscopy in evaluating Eustachian tube and middle ear status during myringoplasty
Authors: Behiery Essam A. , Abdel-Shafy Ibrahim A. , Hussien Hosam A. , Hassan Mahmoud F. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the role of otoendoscopy in evaluating Eustachian tube and middle ear status during myringoplasty.BackgroundEustachian tube function has been the center of focus as a prognostic factor for middle ear surgery success because of its primary role in the middle ear aeration and in the pathogenesis of otitis media. Otoendoscopic evaluation of Eustachian tube allows visualization of the protympanic segment of the Eustachian tube and hidden recesses of the middle ear.Patients and methodsIn this prospective study, patients with a persistent dry central tympanic membrane perforation were operated at Otorhinolaryngology Department of Menoufia University Hospital in the period from March 2017 to February 2019. All patients were divided into two groups: group A included 50 cases that underwent otoendoscopic-assisted microscopic myringoplasty, and group B had 50 cases that underwent microscopic myringoplasty.ResultsThis study included 100 patients, with a mean age of 30.2 years. Overall, 42% of the patients were male and 58% of the patients were female. Otoendoscopic examination of middle ear in group A showed 20% of cases with adhesions and secretions at tympanic orifice of the Eustachian tube opening plus 8% of cases with congested mucosa at middle ear apparatus. The success of graft uptake was 94% in group A and 84% in group B.ConclusionThe result of this study supports the use of otoendoscopy in traditional microscopic myringoplasty. Endoscopy could be utilized efficiently to improve the visibility of the Eustachian tube opening and middle ear apparatus and then dealing with any pathology affecting them.