bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of the controlling parameters for dislocation nucleation in SrTiO3: An investigation by nanoindentation
Authors: Wang Xiaomei , Liu Xiaowei , Li Yingwei , Fang Xufei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe conduct nanoindentation to investigate dislocation nucleation in SrTiO3 (STO) single crystals with surface orientations of (0 0 1), (0 1 1), and (1 1 1) with loading/unloading rates of 25, 250, and 2500 μN/s. Results reveal that the critical loads (Pc) at which “pop‐in” event occurs depend strongly on surface orientations, but slightly related to loading rate. Based on Pc, the critical shear stress that triggers dislocation nucleation was determined by extracting the maximum resolved shear stress (τmax) along the slip systems of STO using the Hertzian solution. The dislocation activation shear stress (τa) was determined by averaging τmax. The determined τa is 9.0–12.0 GPa, close to the shear strength (∼G/2π) of STO, indicating that homogeneous dislocation nucleation dominates the pop‐in events. The consistency of the determined τa demonstrates that the frameworks for nanoindentation pop‐in analysis established for metals can be extended to ceramics, whereas the influence of the limited slip systems should be taken into consideration. Additionally, we estimated the activation volume and the activation energy via the statistical model proposed by Schuh et al. The small values of the determined activation volume (0.6–9.8 Å3) and the activation energy (0.13–0.70 eV) indicate that the dislocation nucleation possibly begins from a single‐atom migration and local point defects may participate in the dislocation nucleation process. That is, heterogeneous nucleation may exist initially but the homogeneous dislocation nucleation dominates the pop‐in events.
Particle size control of cathode components for high‐performance all‐solid‐state lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Fan Bo , Guan Zebo , Wu Lilin , Zhang Shibang , Tan Manlin , Luo Zhongkuan , Zhang Xianghua , Ma Hongli , Xue Bai 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the size effect of each component on battery performance is essential for designing high‐performance Li2S/S cathode for all‐solid‐state Li–S batteries. However, the size effects of different components are always coupled because ball‐milling, an indispensable process to synthesize reversible cathode, simultaneously and uncontrollably reduces the particle size of all the components. Here, a liquid‐phase method, without ball‐milling, is developed to synthesize the Li2S composite cathode, so that the particle size of the active material Li2S and the solid electrolyte Li3PS4 (LPS) can be independently controlled at nano‐ or microscale. This helps reveal that compositing Li2S and the conductive agent at nanoscale is essential for enhancing the reaction kinetics, whereas the nanoscale particle size and homogenous distribution of LPS is important for accommodating the large volume change of the cathode. By reducing the particle size of Li2S to 9.4 nm and that of LPS to 44 nm, the liquid‐phase‐synthesized composite cathode exhibits reversible capacity and 100% utilization of Li2S under 0.1 C rate.
Luminescence and temperature‐sensing properties of Y4GeO8:Bi3+,Eu3+ phosphor
Authors: Zhang DanYu , Luo YuXuan , Xu ShuJun , Li LianJie , Chen JunYu , Lei Lei , Guo Hai 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, Y4GeO8:Bi3+,Eu3+ phosphor with dual emission centers was elaborated via conventional solid‐state reaction technology. Thorough research on the structure, morphology, and luminous properties of Y4GeO8:Bi3+,Eu3+ phosphor, the potential applications in optical thermometry were investigated by means of fluorescence intensity ratio and thermochromic techniques. Under 290 and 347 nm excitation, Y4GeO8:Bi3+,Eu3+ phosphor presents broadband emission from 3P1 → 1S0 transition of Bi3+ ions and characteristic emission peaks from 4f–4f transition of Eu3+ ions. Outstanding temperature‐sensing capabilities are acquired from Y4GeO8:Bi3+,Eu3+ phosphor. The maximum relative sensitivity (Sr) can attain 1.51% K−1 (λex = 290 nm). With temperature raising (303–513 K), the emitted color of Y4GeO8:Bi3+,Eu3+ phosphor (λex = 290 nm) shifts from faint yellow to red with a high chromaticity shift (0.180), which can be distinguished by the unaided eye clearly. Our results indicate that Y4GeO8:Bi3+,Eu3+ phosphor has potential applications in optical temperature measurement and high‐temperature safety marker.
A uniform rule between hardness and structure hierarchy of ceramics in both direct and inverse Hall–Petch regimes
Authors: Zheng Kaiwen , Huang Zhiheng , Jia Dechang , Lin Hua‐Tay , Wang Shuanjin , Xiao Min , Meng Yuezhong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe MicroStructure Hierarchy Descriptor (SHD) has built a bridge in linking the structure hierarchy and properties of ceramic materials. Here, a new variable , which stands for the average of scales present in a ceramic microstructure, based on the SHD, is constructed and calibrated. It is found that the is not only related to the size scales, but also the morphological features in microstructures, due to an inheritance from the SHD. The is positively linear correlated with the average grain size d, but the relationship changes to be nonlinear when the morphology of grains is considered. In the Hall–Petch regime, the Vickers hardness HV of both, ZrO2–SiC composite ceramics and a class of high entropy metallic borides, is found to increase with the decrease of index. For the case study of ZrO2 ceramic, a uniform rule is found to be valid in both the direct and inverse Hall–Petch regimes that the varies in an opposite trend as the HV varies with d.
Integration of molecular docking, molecular dynamics and network pharmacology to explore the multi‐target pharmacology of fenugreek against diabetes
Authors: Luo Wenfeng , Deng Jie , He Jiecheng , Yin Liang , You Rong , Zhang Lingkun , Shen Jian , Han Zeping , Xie Fangmei , He Jinhua , Guan Yanqing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFenugreek is an ancient herb that has been used for centuries to treat diabetes. However, how the fenugreek‐derived chemical compounds work in treating diabetes remains unclarified. Herein, we integrate molecular docking and network pharmacology to elucidate the active constituents and potential mechanisms of fenugreek against diabetes. First, 19 active compounds from fenugreek and 71 key diabetes‐related targets were identified through network pharmacology analysis. Then, molecular docking and simulations results suggest diosgenin, luteolin and quercetin against diabetes via regulation of the genes ESR1, CAV1, VEGFA, TP53, CAT, AKT1, IL6 and IL1. These compounds and genes may be key factors of fenugreek in treating diabetes. Cells results demonstrate that fenugreek has good biological safety and can effectively improve the glucose consumption of IR‐HepG2 cells. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the anti‐diabetic effect of fenugreek was regulated by the AGE‐RAGE and NF‐κB signalling pathways. It is mainly associated with anti‐oxidative stress, anti‐inflammatory response and β‐cell protection. Our study identified the active constituents and potential signalling pathways involved in the anti‐diabetic effect of fenugreek. These findings provide a theoretical basis for understanding the mechanism of the anti‐diabetic effect of fenugreek. Finally, this study may help for developing anti‐diabetic dietary supplements or drugs based on fenugreek.
The effect of mutational robustness on the evolvability of multicellular organisms and eukaryotic cells
Authors: Jiang Pengyao , Kreitman Martin , Reinitz John 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Canalization involves mutational robustness, the lack of phenotypic change as a result of genetic mutations. Given the large divergence in phenotype across species, understanding the relationship between high robustness and evolvability has been of interest to both theorists and experimentalists. Although canalization was originally proposed in the context of multicellular organisms, the effect of multicellularity and other classes of hierarchical organization on evolvability has not been considered by theoreticians. We address this issue using a Boolean population model with explicit representation of an environment in which individuals with explicit genotype and a hierarchical phenotype representing multicellularity evolve. Robustness is described by a single real number between zero and one which emerges from the genotype–phenotype map. We find that high robustness is favoured in constant environments, and lower robustness is favoured after environmental change. Multicellularity and hierarchical organization severely constrain robustness: peak evolvability occurs at an absolute level of robustness of about 0.99 compared with values of about 0.5 in a classical neutral network model. These constraints result in a sharp peak of evolvability in which the maximum is set by the fact that the fixation of adaptive mutations becomes more improbable as robustness decreases. When robustness is put under genetic control, robustness levels leading to maximum evolvability are selected for, but maximal relative fitness appears to require recombination.
Abstract
An overview of the theoretical model which explores the effect of mutational robustness on evolution under constraints from multicellularity and other hierarchical organization.
Nutritional, sensory, and storage evaluation of Indian flatbread supplemented with quinoa and pearl millet flour
Authors: Kaur Jagbir , Dhillon Gurpreet Kaur , Mahajan Monika 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe purpose of present study is to develop a nutritionally enriched Indian flatbread using nutritionally balanced crops. In this study, the whole wheat meal was used as a control and in formulations it was supplemented with quinoa (10%–40%), pearl millet (15%), and potato (5%) flour. The prepared formulations were evaluated for their chemical, physical, microstructural, texture, pasting, and sensory properties. Further, the shelf life of partially baked and packed flatbread at low temperature was also studied. The protein content of formulated flatbread increased from 7.30% to 8.12% with increase in percentage of quinoa flour from 10% to 40%. The pasting properties of composite flour showed a significant (p < .05) reduction in peak, breakdown, trough, final, and setback viscosities. However, change in pasting behavior had no significant effect on dough handling, and the composite dough was smooth and sticky, and flatbread made with up to 30% quinoa flour showed full puffing. Color attributes of enriched flatbread showed a darker color than control, however, it was preferred by the panelists up to the optimum level of 30% quinoa flour. Scanning electron microscopy results indicated that the addition of quinoa and pearl millet flour destroyed the gluten network structure in the dough. Storage studies indicated shelf life of 10 days of partially baked and packed flatbread in a refrigerator freezer. The flatbread with formulation containing 50% whole wheat meal, 30% quinoa flour, 15% pearl millet flour, and 5% potato flour was found to be overall accepted by the consumer.Practical ApplicationsThe present study will lead to the development of nutritional and functional composite flatbread that will open up a new venture for utilizing quinoa and pearl millet flour for reducing malnutrition in developing countries.
The Effects of Latitude and Temperate Weather on Vitamin D Deficiency and Women's Reproductive Health: A Scoping Review
Authors: Vergara‐Maldonado Cynthia , Urdaneta‐Machado José Ramon 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionWe conducted a scoping review to analyze the effects and implications of vitamin D deficiency on female reproductive health during the last decade, considering temperate planetary zones and climate change impacts.MethodsWe used a qualitative methodology for a panoramic database review of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus covering articles from the last decade focused on populations living at latitudes higher than 40° N and 40° S. As descriptors, we used the phrases climate change, cholecalciferol or vitamin d3, pregnancy, and woman health and the Boolean operators AND and OR. We excluded letters to the editor, reviews, protocols, and clinical trials without human participants, as well as duplicate articles.ResultsWe included 35 studies in English, the majority of which were from North America or Europe. No studies were found from the Southern Hemisphere or having any direct relation with climate change, although studies demonstrated that latitude and environmental factors affected vitamin D deficiency, which had an impact on pregnant women and their children. Supplementation guidelines were not well developed, and there was a lack of studies among at‐risk groups of women (eg, darker skin, higher latitudes, immigrants) across the life span.DiscussionVitamin D deficiency is a global environmental problem that affects female reproductive health and depends on multiple environmental factors and human behavior. Therefore, we recommend consideration of environmental and sociocultural factors in public policy and clinical research and more research on the effectiveness of supplementation and fortification strategies. Health care professionals working in reproductive health need to generate actions for detection of, education on, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency among women across their life spans, considering the multicausality of the phenomenon, which includes environmental and climate factors in population health.
Effects of Climate Change and Air Pollution on Perinatal Health
Authors: Sanders Bethany , Davis Melissa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractClimate change is often framed as an environmental concern; however, the burning of fossil fuels both directly and indirectly impacts air quality and, thus, human health. Gas byproducts of combustion lead to increased levels of atmospheric ozone and carbon dioxide, which in turn elevate surface temperatures of the earth. This process exposes individuals to respiratory irritants and contributes to increased frequency of natural disasters such as wildfires, negatively impacting respiratory health. Normal physiologic changes in the respiratory system make pregnant people particularly vulnerable to the effects of air pollution. Asthma and allergic rhinitis are 2 common respiratory diseases that can be triggered by poor air quality. Solutions to limit the impact of climate change on respiratory disease include risk mitigation and reduction of fossil fuel consumption on individual, organization, and community levels. Midwives are well positioned as clinicians to educate people about individual strategies to reduce environmental exposure to respiratory irritants and advocate for policy changes to limit future health effects of climate change.
30 years of exchange rate analysis and forecasting: A bibliometric review
Authors: Fang Siran , Wei Yunjie , Wang Shouyang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDue to the strong nonlinearity and high complexity of foreign exchange rate data, how best to accurately analyze their trends and forecast them is regarded as a challenging research topic. While such research has developed rapidly and a large number of publications have appeared, few programmatic quantitative and qualitative overviews have been compiled in the field of exchange rate. By integrating bibliometric methods with network visualization based on CiteSpace software, this study analyzed 4999 publications of exchange rate research from the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection database during 1992 to 2021. The study summarizes the major development in exchange rate determination since Meese‐Rogoff puzzle, from New Open‐Economy Macroeconomics (NOEM) and the Foreign Exchange Market Micro‐Structure Hypotheses, to determination model based on relationship between exchange rate and commodity price. Through the study's statistical analysis, co‐occurrence, co‐citation, and co‐keywords analysis, the influential authors, research institutions, countries and regions, journals, research hotspots, and future trends in the field of exchange rate are intellectually identified over the past 30 years. As a complement to existing literature, this paper provides theoretical and practical reference for researchers and practitioners in the field of exchange rate.
Efficacy of octreotide to reduce lymphorrhea and prevent lymphocele after pelvic lymph node excision in gynecological malignancies
Authors: Gao Lingling , Wang Siying , Xu Jianbo , Lu Dan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimTo study the efficacy of octreotide to reduce lymphorrhea and prevent lymphocele after pelvic lymph node excision in gynecological malignancies.MethodsPatients with more than 200 mL of lymph drained per day until postoperative day 3 after pelvic lymph node excision were enrolled. Of the 75 patients, 36 were managed by conservative methods without the injection of octreotide, and the other 39 patients were treated with the injection of octreotide. The treated group was injected with 0.1 mg octreotide q8h for 5 days, starting on postoperative day 3. The drainage tube was removed when the amount of drained lymph decreased to 100 mL per day. The age, BMI, operation time, removed lymph nodes, amount of lymph, duration of drain placement, proportion of patients with lymphocele and complications between these two group were compared.ResultsThe total and mean daily amount of lymph produced per patient was significantly lower in the octreotide‐treated group than in the untreated group. The duration of drain placement was shorter in the octreotide group than in the untreated group. The proportion of patients with lymphocele in the treatment group was lower than that in the untreated group.ConclusionsThe injection of octreotide is effective to reduce lymphorrhea and prevent lymphocele after pelvic lymph node excision in gynecological malignancies.
The age‐dependent association of Life's Simple 7 with transitions across cognitive states after age 60
Authors: Xia Xin , Qiu Chengxuan , Rizzuto Debora , Grande Giulia , Laukka Erika J. , Fratiglioni Laura , Guo Jie , Vetrano Davide L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundLife's Simple 7 (LS7) aims to promote ideal cardiovascular health (CVH). Its association with different cognitive states in the older old is unclear.ObjectivesTo assess the associations of LS7 with transitions across normal cognition, cognitive impairment, no dementia (CIND), and dementia and evaluate cognitive impairment‐free years of life by LS7‐defined CVH levels in older adults.MethodsThis cohort study included 2746 participants from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen, regularly examined over 15 years. Total LS7 scores were created and dichotomized into worse and better CVH categories. The associations of LS7 total scores and CVH categories with cognitive states were assessed with multistate models in the whole sample and in younger old (<78 years) and older old adults (≥78 years) separately. Cognitive impairment‐free life years by CVH categories were then predicted.ResultsA 1‐point increment in the LS7 total score was associated with lower dementia risk in younger old adults (hazard ratio: 0.87 [0.78–0.97]) but not in older old adults (1.04 [0.97–1.13]). Better CVH was also associated with a lower risk of transition from normal cognition to CIND (0.76 [0.61–0.95]) and from normal cognition to dementia (0.42 [0.21–0.82]) in younger old adults. In younger old adults, those with better CVH were predicted to have two‐to‐three more cognitive impairment‐free life years than those with worse CVH.ConclusionMaintaining LS7‐defined ideal CVH seems relevant in younger old adults but not in older old adults when considering the potential protective effects against cognitive impairment.
How Professionals Adapt to Artificial Intelligence: The Role of Intertwined Boundary Work
Authors: Faulconbridge James , Sarwar Atif , Spring Martin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe rise of artificial intelligence (AI) has generated extensive debates about the future of work in the professions. However, few studies take account of the potential for AI's disruptive effects to trigger robust defence by professionals of their interests and resources. By examining the adoption of AI in accounting and law professional service firms (PSFs), we show how professionals respond through intertwined boundary work, this being the process by which professionals respond to disruptions and protect interests and resources by engaging in multiple interdependent modes of boundary work. We also examine the way professionals collaborate with other groups as part of intertwined boundary work, and the implications for some key features of PSF organization. Our study reveals that the responses of professionals to AI are leading to new types of professional work and services. This means that rather than spelling the ‘end of the professions’, AI is leading to reconfigured forms of professional activity, jurisdiction, and PSFs.
Personality, psychosocial and oral behavioural risk factors for temporomandibular disorder symptoms in Asian young adults
Authors: Yap Adrian Ujin , Marpaung Carolina 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe relation between personality, psychosocial factors, somatisation, andoral behaviours as risk factors to temporomandibular disorder symptoms have notbeen well established.ObjectivesThis study examined the association of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) symptoms with personality traits, psychological distress, somatisation and oral behaviours. The psychosocial and oral behavioural risk factors for TMD symptoms were also established in Asian young adults.MethodsParticipants were recruited from a large private University. Based on the quintessential five TMD symptoms (5Ts) of the DC/TMD, the participants were stratified into those with no (NT), painful (PT), dysfunctional (DT) and mixed (MT) TMD symptoms. Personality traits, psychological distress, somatisation and oral behaviours were evaluated with the Big Five Inventory‐10 (BFI‐10), Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scales‐21 (DASS‐21), Patient Health Questionnaire‐15 (PHQ‐15) and Oral Behaviours Checklist (OBC) accordingly. Data were examined using Kruskal–Wallis/Mann–Whitney U and Chi‐squared tests, as well as multivariate logistic regression analysis (α = .05).ResultsOf the 420 young adults (mean age 22.7 ± 1.1 years) evaluated, 41.4% had no TMD symptoms, while 17.4%, 20.0% and 21.2% reported PT, DT and MT, respectively. Though personality traits did not vary notably, participants with MT and PT had significantly higher levels of negative affectivity, anxiety and stress than the NT group. Moreover, those with MT and PT presented significantly greater somatisation and more oral behaviours than the DT and NT groups. Multivariate regression analyses indicated that anxiety, somatisation, sleep‐related and waking‐state nonfunctional oral activities were associated with painful and/or dysfunctional TMD symptoms.ConclusionsExcept for sleep‐related oral activity, psychosocial and oral behavioural risk factors differed for painful, dysfunctional and mixed TMD symptoms in Asian young adults.