bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial transfer from bone mesenchymal stem cells protects against tendinopathy both in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Wei Bing , Ji Mingliang , Lin Yucheng , Wang Shanzheng , Liu Yuxi , Geng Rui , Hu Xinyue , Xu Li , Li Zhuang , Zhang Weituo , Lu Jun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been effective in tendinopathy, the mechanisms by which MSCs promote tendon healing have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that MSCs transfer mitochondria to injured tenocytes in vitro and in vivo to protect against Achilles tendinopathy (AT).

Methods
Bone marrow MSCs and H2O2-injured tenocytes were co-cultured, and mitochondrial transfer was visualized by MitoTracker dye staining. Mitochondrial function, including mitochondrial membrane potential, oxygen consumption rate, and adenosine triphosphate content, was quantified in sorted tenocytes. Tenocyte proliferation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation were analyzed. Furthermore, a collagenase type I-induced rat AT model was used to detect mitochondrial transfer in tissues and evaluate Achilles tendon healing.

Results
MSCs successfully donated healthy mitochondria to in vitro and in vivo damaged tenocytes. Interestingly, mitochondrial transfer was almost completely blocked by co-treatment with cytochalasin B. Transfer of MSC-derived mitochondria decreased apoptosis, promoted proliferation, and restored mitochondrial function in H2O2-induced tenocytes. A decrease in reactive oxygen species and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (interleukin-6 and -1β) was observed. In vivo, mitochondrial transfer from MSCs improved the expression of tendon-specific markers (scleraxis, tenascin C, and tenomodulin) and decreased the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the tendon. In addition, the fibers of the tendon tissue were neatly arranged and the structure of the tendon was remodeled. Inhibition of mitochondrial transfer by cytochalasin B abrogated the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs in tenocytes and tendon tissues.

Conclusions
MSCs rescued distressed tenocytes from apoptosis by transferring mitochondria. This provides evidence that mitochondrial transfer is one mechanism by which MSCs exert their therapeutic effects on damaged tenocytes.
Detecting localised prostate cancer using radiomic features in PSMA PET and multiparametric MRI for biologically targeted radiation therapy
Authors: Chan Tsz Him , Haworth Annette , Wang Alan , Osanlouy Mahyar , Williams Scott , Mitchell Catherine , Hofman Michael S. , Hicks Rodney J. , Murphy Declan G. , Reynolds Hayley M. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) PET/CT and multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) are well-established modalities for identifying intra-prostatic lesions (IPLs) in localised prostate cancer. This study aimed to investigate the use of PSMA PET/CT and mpMRI for biologically targeted radiation therapy treatment planning by: (1) analysing the relationship between imaging parameters at a voxel-wise level and (2) assessing the performance of radiomic-based machine learning models to predict tumour location and grade.

Methods
PSMA PET/CT and mpMRI data from 19 prostate cancer patients were co-registered with whole-mount histopathology using an established registration framework. Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) maps were computed from DWI and semi-quantitative and quantitative parameters from DCE MRI. Voxel-wise correlation analysis was conducted between mpMRI parameters and PET Standardised Uptake Value (SUV) for all tumour voxels. Classification models were built using radiomic and clinical features to predict IPLs at a voxel level and then classified further into high-grade or low-grade voxels.

Results
Perfusion parameters from DCE MRI were more highly correlated with PET SUV than ADC or T2w. IPLs were best detected with a Random Forest Classifier using radiomic features from PET and mpMRI rather than either modality alone (sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve of 0.842, 0.804 and 0.890, respectively). The tumour grading model had an overall accuracy ranging from 0.671 to 0.992.

Conclusions
Machine learning classifiers using radiomic features from PSMA PET and mpMRI show promise for predicting IPLs and differentiating between high-grade and low-grade disease, which could be used to inform biologically targeted radiation therapy planning.
Antimicrobial resistance in food-producing animals: towards implementing a one health based national action plan in Israel
Authors: Berman Tali Sarah , Barnett-Itzhaki Zohar , Berman Tamar , Marom Eli 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Development of antimicrobial resistance poses a major threat to human and animal health worldwide. Antimicrobials are frequently used in animal husbandry, making food-producing animals a widespread and important source of antimicrobial resistance. Indeed, recent evidence demonstrates that antimicrobial resistance in food-producing animals poses a threat to the health of humans, animals and the environment. To address this threat, national action plans have been implemented based on a ‘One Health’ approach, which integrates actions across human and animal health sectors to combat antimicrobial resistance. Although under development, Israel has yet to publish a national action plan against antimicrobial resistance, despite alarming findings of resistant bacteria in food-producing animals in the country. Here we review several national action plans against antimicrobial resistance around the world in order to suggest approaches to develop a national action plan in Israel.

Main body
We investigated worldwide national action plans against antimicrobial resistance based on a ‘One Health’ approach. We also conducted interviews with representatives of relevant Israeli ministries to understand antimicrobial resistance policy and regulatory frameworks in Israel. Finally, we present recommendations for Israel towards implementing a ‘One Health’ national action plan against antimicrobial resistance. Many countries have developed such plans, however, only a few are currently funded. Furthermore, many countries, especially in Europe, have taken action to reduce the use of antimicrobials and the spread of antimicrobial resistance in food-producing animals by banning the use of antimicrobials to promote growth, reporting data on the use and sales of antimicrobials in food-producing animals, operating centralized antimicrobial resistance surveillance systems and preventing the use of antimicrobials important to human medicine to treat food-producing animals.

Conclusions
Without a comprehensive and funded national action plan, the risks of antimicrobial resistance to the public health in Israel will escalate. Thus, several actions should be considered: (1) Reporting data on the use of antimicrobials in humans and animals. (2) Operating a centralized surveillance system for antimicrobial resistance in humans, animals and the environment. (3) Improving awareness regarding antimicrobial resistance in the general public and in health practitioners from both human and animal sectors. (4) Composing a list of critically important antimicrobials to human medicine that’s use should be avoided in food-producing animals. (5) Enforcing best practices of antimicrobial use at the farm-level. (6) Reducing incidence of infection through farm biosecurity. (7) Supporting research and development of new antimicrobial treatments, vaccines and diagnostic tools.
Setting large- and medium-sized mammal restoration goals in a last mountain Chaco remnant from central Argentina
Authors: Renison Daniel , Quispe-Melgar Harold Rusbelth , Erica Cuyckens G. A. , Cingolani Ana M. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Setting large- and medium-sized wild mammal (≥ 2 kg) restoration goals is important due to their role as ecosystem engineers and generalized numeric reductions. However, determining wild mammal restoration goals is very challenging due to difficulties in obtaining data on current mammal density and due to unclear information on what mammal density values should be used as a reference. Here we chose a 154 ha conservation area within one of the last remnants of the mountainous Chaco from central Argentina. We suspected that extensive and unreported defaunation had occurred due to past human pressure and the introduction of non-native mammals. To conduct the analyses, we used a simplified technique that integrates methods used in rangeland and ecological sciences.

Results
Eight native mammal species including only one herbivore species, and four non-native mammal species including three herbivore species were detected during 6113 camera trap days. We used known cattle densities as estimated by droppings and direct counts, together with the relative abundance indexes obtained from camera trap photos to calculate the densities of the other species, correcting for mammal size. Densities for the least and most abundant native species were 0.2 and 1.33 individuals km−2, respectively; and for non-native species, 0.03 and 5.00 individuals km−2, respectively. Native and non-native species represented 0.8% and 99.2%, respectively, of the biomass estimates. Reference values for native herbivore biomass, as estimated from net primary productivity, were 68 times higher than values estimated for the study area (3179 vs. 46.5 kg km−2).

Conclusions
There is an urgent need to increase native mammals, with special emphasis on herbivore biomass and richness, while non-native mammal numbers must be reduced. As cattle are widespread in large portions of the globe and there is a lot of experience estimating their abundances, the ratio method we used extrapolating from cattle to other large- and medium-sized mammals could facilitate estimating mammal restoration goals in other small and defaunated areas, where traditional methods are not feasible when target mammal densities get very low.
Ludwig’s angina in a child: a case report and literature review
Authors: Benhoummad Othmane , Cherrabi Kaoutar , Orfi Najib El , Mortaji Zineb , Fakiri Mehdi El 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Ludwig’s angina is a diffuse cellulitis in the sub-mandibular space, which extends to the sublingual space. It is an emergency that often occurs in adults as a complication of oral infections. It is rare in children and is particularly life-threatening due to the smaller size, as well as the characteristics in these spaces in a child. This is the case of Ludwig’s angina in a 2-year-old boy, with rapid onset of signs of respiratory discomfort, no dental or systemic etiology, and great evolution.

Case presentation
A little boy was brought by his mom to the emergency room for the onset a firm swelling in the sub-mental region along with pain and fever, which appeared 3 days prior to the consultation. He was first examined by a pediatrician who prescribed oral broad-spectrum antibiotics (amoxicillin). The symptoms worsened over 48 h, as the little boy presented respiratory discomfort in supine position.
He was admitted in the emergency department. Without dysphagia or respiratory distress.
The clinical examination showed swelling in the sub-mental and sub-mandibular region with/without trismus or signs of oral infection. The laboratory investigations showed hyper-leukocytosis with a microcytic hypochromic anemia.CRP = 300; HIV test was negative.
The computed tomography (CT scan) showed a diffuse abscess in the sub-mental and sub-mandibular and sub-lingual regions.No mediastinal collection was found.
The diagnosis of Ludwig’s angina was established.
The patient underwent percutaneous surgical drainage of 15 ml of pus, which alleviated his symptoms, the treatment was carried out through broad-spectrum antibiotics, analgesics, and daily cleaning of the wound and change of surgical dressing. Bacteriological exam found gram-positive cocci in chains. The culture showed a Staphylococcus aureus. The patient presented clinical and biological improvement and was discharged after 7 days.
Six months follow-up showed a healthy child, without signs of infection or any other complication.

Conclusion
Ludwig’s angina in children -however rare- is a potentially life-threatening, rapidly spreading, bilateral swelling of the sub-mandibular. Its management is based on airway control, drainage of the collection and broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics, as well as surveillance of the biological parameters.
Early diagnosis and appropriate management enhances outcome and decreases mortality significantly.
An automated microscopy workflow to studyShigella–neutrophil interactions and antibiotic efficacyin vivo
Authors: Lensen Arthur , Gomes Margarida C. , López-Jiménez Ana Teresa , Mostowy Serge 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTShigella are Gram-negative bacterial pathogens responsible for bacillary dysentery (also called shigellosis). The absence of a licensed vaccine and widespread emergence of antibiotic resistance has led the World Health Organisation (WHO) to highlight Shigella as a priority pathogen requiring urgent attention. Several infection models have been useful to explore the Shigella infection process; yet, we still lack information regarding events taking place in vivo. Here, using a Shigella-zebrafish infection model and high-content microscopy, we developed an automated microscopy workflow to non-invasively study fluorescently labelled bacteria and neutrophils in vivo. We applied our workflow to antibiotic-treated zebrafish, and demonstrate that antibiotics reduce bacterial burden and not neutrophil recruitment to the hindbrain ventricle. We discovered that nalidixic acid (a bactericidal antibiotic) can work with leukocytes in an additive manner to control Shigella flexneri infection and can also restrict dissemination of Shigella sonnei from the hindbrain ventricle. We envision that our automated microscopy workflow, applied here to study the interactions between Shigella and neutrophils as well as antibiotic efficacy in zebrafish, can be useful to innovate treatments for infection control in humans.
The role of genetic factors in microtia: A systematic review
Authors: Putri Indri Lakhsmi , Stephanie Alexandria , Pramanasari Rachmaniar , Kon Moshe , Wungu Citrawati Dyah Kencono 
Published: April 2023

Background: Microtia is a congenital malformation of the outer ears caused by improper embryonic development. The origin of microtia and causes of its variations remain unknown. Because of the lack of clarity regarding the role of genetic variables in microtia, we conducted a systematic review to qualitatively identify the genes most important in the development of microtia to provide an up-to-date review. Methods: Using six search engines, we searched all published studies related to the genetic factors of isolated microtia and syndromic microtia. The identified publications were screened and selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria by the authors and assessed for methodological quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools. We found 40 studies, including 22 studies on syndromic microtia and 18 studies on isolated microtia. Data extraction of each study was arranged in tabulation for syndromic and isolated microtia. The extracted data were: first author’s surname, year of publication, country of origin, study design, sample characteristic and gene assessed. Results: After the data were extracted, analyzed, and reviewed, the most common gene suspected to be involved in isolated microtia was Homeobox A2 (HOXA2, 12.1%). Conversely, in syndromic microtia, the two most common genes supposed to play a role were Fibroblast Growth Factor 3 (FGF3, 47.2%) and Treacher–Collins–Franceschetti syndrome 1 (TCOF1, 30.2%). From the studies, the three most prevalent genes associated with microtia were HOXA2 (10%), FGF3 (8.4%), and TCOF1 (5.4%). In syndromic microtia, the most common mutation types were deletion in TCOF1 (46.9%) and missense and deletion in FGF3 (both 38%), and in isolated microtia, the most common mutation type was silent in HOXA2 (54.2%). Conclusions: In summary, genetic factors are involved in microtia; thus, molecular analysis is strongly advised. PROSPERO registration: CRD42021287294 (25/10/21).
The effect of COVID-19 on medical student clinical skill practice and self-perceived proficiency
Authors: Hall Leanne , Binks Sophie , Heal Clare 
Published: April 2023

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic significantly impacted medical education. This study aimed to determine how COVID-19 affected students’ opportunity to practice core clinical skills across specialty rotations and their self-perceived proficiency at performing these. Methods: Routinely administered surveys of fifth year medical student’ experiences and perceptions of medical training from 2016 to 2021 were analysed. Number of times core clinical skills were performed and self-perceived proficiency of each skill were compared pre- (years 2016-2019) and during-COVID (years 2020-2021). Results: Data from 219 surveys showed a reduction in the opportunity to perform “a cervical screen test” (p<0.001), “a mental health assessment” (p=0.006), “assess the risk of suicide” (p=0.004) and “bladder catheterisation” (p=0.007) during-COVID. Self-reported skill proficiency was also less during-COVID for performance of: “a mental health assessment” (p=0.026) and “an ECG” (p=0.035). Conclusions: The impact of COVID-19 on mental health skills was greatest, potentially due to a shift toward telehealth services and consequent reduced ability for students to engage in consultations. In a time of potential long-term change in the healthcare landscape, it is imperative to ensure adequate opportunity to practice all core clinical skills during medical training. Inclusion of telehealth earlier into the curriculum may benefit student confidence.
Contextual factors contributing to quality implementation of the PAX good behaviour game in Estonia: the view of experienced coaches
Authors: Ulla Triin , Poom-Valickis Katrin 
Published: April 2023

Sotsiaal-emotsionaalsete pädevuste omandamisest võidavad kaasava hariduse kontekstis väga erinevad õppijad. Eestis on täheldatud ja tõendatud VEPA Käitumisoskuste Mängu mõju laste sotsiaal-emotsionaalsetele pädevustele ja heaolule klassis, kuid pole selge, millistest teguritest sõltub VEPA metoodika rakendamise kvaliteet erinevates koolides ja klassiruumides. Seetõttu oli siinse uurimuse eesmärk välja selgitada kogenud mentorite arusaamad programmi kvaliteetsest kasutamisest ja seda mõjutavatest teguritest. Tulemused võimaldavad pöörata tähelepanu programmi kasutamise võimalikele kitsaskohtadele ja neid teadlikult ennetada. Mentorid kirjeldasid eeskätt rakendamise protsessi tahke ja õpilaste reaktsioone. VEPA programmi kasutamist mõjutavad mentorite hinnangul enim õpetajate omadused, programmi toe struktuur, õpetaja ja mentori koostöösuhe ning programmi kasutajatele antav tagasiside ja ühiskondlik kõlapind.
Summary
Pioglitazone - the forgotten drug with multidirectional action
Authors: Aab Arkadiusz , Zarańska Julia 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Pioglitazone (PG) which belongs to thiazolidinedione class is a drug used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. PG increases the insulin sensitivity of peripheral tissues. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common and fastest developing diseases. The antihyperglycemic effect of pioglitazone (PG) is not its only one. This drug has a number of other metabolically beneficial effects. Many outcome trials indicate a positive impact of PG on the functioning of other systems.
Aim of the study: The aim of this study is to summarize the current knowledge on the effectiveness and safety of pioglitazone based on the available scientific literature.
Materials and methods: Literature review based on PubMed, Google Scholar database using the following phrases: pioglitazone, type 2 diabetes, pioglitazone in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) therapy, pioglitazone and cardiovascular risk, pioglitazone nephroprotective effect, pioglitazone safety profile.
State of knowledge: Pioglitazone is an oral antidiabetic drug used in the therapy of T2DM. PG belongs to the ‘insulin- sensitizers’. It is included in the treatment in the case of intolerance, contraindications to metformin or as part of combination therapy.
Conclusions: Recently, interest in pioglitazone has waned due to the perception of significant side effects. The analysis of the papers showed a positive effect of PG on the cardiovascular system, central nervous system, NAFLD and nephroprotection. The acceptable safety profile of pioglitazone with the appropriate selection of patients as well as its multidirectional action and effectiveness mean that clinicians should reconsider the use of this drug guided by the balance of profits and losses.
Single-band Series Absorptive Common-mode Noise Filter
Authors: Lin Ding-Bin , Ali Erfansyah , Adiprabowo Tjahjo , Zhuang Cheng-Yi 
Published: April 2023

A Single-band Series Absorptive Common Mode Noise Filter (ACMF) is proposed. The ACMF is embedded in a four-layer printed circuit board (PCB) and consists of three parts: a Reflective Common Mode Noise Filter (RCMF), a matching circuit, and an absorber. The RCMF is designed using mushroom-type resonators. The matching circuit is designed using meander lines to reduce the size of the filter dimensions. The absorber of the Common Mode noise (CM) is a series resistor. The designed operating frequency is 2.45 GHz. The simulation results are as follows: the insertion loss of CM (Scc21) is -22.49 dB at the frequency of 2.61 GHz, the return loss of CM (Scc21) is -18.62 dB at the frequency of 2.5 GHz, while the integrity of the Differential Mode signals (DM) can be maintained with a very small insertion loss (Sdd21) of -1 dB at the frequency range of 0-8 GHz, and the achieved Absorption Efficiency (AE) is 93% at the frequency of 2.54 GHz. The proposed ACMF dimension is 10.3 x4.6 mm. The fractional bandwidth is 19%. The measurement results of the fabricated ACMF do not deviate significantly the simulation results. They are as follows: Scc21 is -17.87 dB at the frequency of 2.31 GHz, Scc11 is -20.87 dB at the frequency of 2.38 GHz, Sdd21 is -2.8 dB at the frequency range of 0–8 GHz, the Absorption Efficiency is 97% at the frequency of 2.32 GHz, and the fractional bandwidth is 17%. Therefore, the results of the ACMF design carried out by simulation can be implemented into a fabricated ACMF with measurement results similar to the calculation results in the design.