bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of the HRI-24 on Adolescents and Development of a Short Version of the Instrument
Authors: Colledani Daiana , Anselmi Pasquale , Monacis Lucia , Robusto Egidio , Genetti Bruno , Andreotti Alessandra , Gómez Pérez Luis J. , Mastrobattista Luisa , Mortali Claudia , Minutillo Adele 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Hikikomori phenomenon often starts during adolescence and, once it develops, it tends to persist. Thus, having an instrument specifically validated for detecting it at early ages could play a pivotal role to reduce the chronicity risk. This work aims to validate the 24-item Hikikomori Risk Inventory (HRI-24) on adolescents and to develop a short version of it. In Study 1, an exploratory structural equation model was used to evaluate the functioning of the HRI-24 and to select the items for inclusion in the short version. In Study 2, confirmatory factor analyses were run on the short version, and measurement invariance across gender and school levels was investigated. Structural validity and measurement invariance of the HRI-24 were supported. The psychometric properties of the short version, denoted as HRI-15, were satisfactory and analogous to those of the HRI-24, while accuracy and specificity in identifying at-risk individuals were slightly higher. Measurement invariance of the HRI-15 was supported as well. The validation of the HRI-24 on adolescents would help professionals to screen young people at the first onset of the Hikikomori phenomenon, and the short version could be highly useful in large epidemiological and screening studies.
Evolution of Vitamin D Status and Vitamin D Receptor Gene Expression Among Professional Handball Athletes During a Competitive Period. Relationship with Body Composition, Calcium, Magnesium and Phosphorous
Authors: Molina-López Jorge , Herrera-Quintana Lourdes , Vázquez-Lorente Héctor , Planells Elena 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroduction: A generalized risk of vitamin D deficiency exists worldwide affecting also professional and elite athletes. This study assesses the evolution of vitamin D status and vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene expression and their relationship with body composition, calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and phosphorous (P) among professional handball athletes during a competitive period. Methods: A total of 26 male subjects were recruited: 13 professional handball athletes and 13 non-athlete controls. An observational follow-up study was conducted in 2 time points over a 16-week period. Nutritional intake, body composition, and routinary biochemical parameters were measured via 24-hours recall, bioimpedance and enzyme immunoassay, respectively. Ca and Mg were measured by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry and P was determined with the colorimetric method of Fiske-Subbarow. 25-hydroxyvitamin-D (25(OH)D) levels and its forms (i.e., 25(OH)D3 and 25(OH)D2) were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), whereas VDR gene expression was measured by quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results: A total of 54% of the athletes showed deficient vitamin D status. Moreover, a prevalence of insufficient vitamin D status in handball players affected 46% at baseline, reaching 61% after 16 weeks. Vitamin D showed no evolution during the competitive period and no differences between groups were observed (all p ≥ 0.05). Handball players increased the VDR expression, enhanced body composition, Ca and Mg levels at 16-weeks follow-up (all p < 0.05). VDR gene expression was positively related with body mass and body mass index at follow-up in athletes (all p ≤ 0.038; r ≥ 0.579) and with Ca at baseline in controls (p = 0.026; r = 0.648). Finally, 25(OH)D2 form was directly associated with P in athletes at 16 weeks of study (p = 0.034; r = 0.588). Conclusion: Players of indoor team sports such as handball would be a population at risk of vitamin D deficiency. The 16-weeks competition improved VDR gene expression, body composition, Ca and Mg levels. The associations observed between VDR gene expression and the variables of the study evidenced the importance of this receptor as a marker involved in health status in handball athletes despite vitamin D − although in a deficient status −, Ca, Mg and P showed no remarkable changes during the competition period.
Associations for Sense of Purpose with Smoking and Health Outcomes Among Adults with Diabetes
Authors: Weston Sara J. , Hill Patrick L. , Mroczek Daniel K. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Health complications from diabetes place major strain on individuals, financially and emotionally. The onset and severity of these complications are largely driven by patients’ behaviors, making psychosocial factors that influence behaviors key targets for interventions. One promising factor is sense of purpose or the degree to which a person believes their life has direction.

Method
The current study investigated whether sense of purpose predicts self-rated health, cardiovascular disease, and smoking status among adults with diabetes concurrently and prospectively. Moreover, it tested whether these associations held across multiple samples and cultures. Coordinated analysis using 12 datasets cross-sectionally and eight longitudinally (total N = 7277) estimated the degree to which sense of purpose is associated with subjective health, smoking status, and cardiovascular disease among adults with diabetes. Coordinated analysis allows for greater generalizability of results across cultures, time periods, and measurement instruments. Datasets were included if they concurrently included a measure of sense of purpose and diabetes status and at least one health measure: self-rated health, current smoking status, or heart condition status.

Results
Sense of purpose was associated with higher self-rated health, smoking status, and cardiovascular disease cross-sectionally and self-rated health prospectively. Purpose was unassociated with changes in health over time.

Conclusion
These results highlight the relationship of a key individual difference, sense of purpose, to the behaviors and outcomes of adults with diabetes. While more research is needed to determine the boundaries of this relationship, it seems sense of purpose may be considered in the future as a potential target for intervention.
What Promotes Positive Parenting During Breast Cancer? A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Social Support, Emotion Regulation, and Meaning in Life
Authors: Kelada L. , Zamir O. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Motherhood and maintaining the child-parent relationship are top priorities for mothers with breast cancer (BC). The current study aimed to assess the positive intra- and inter-personal resources related to positive parenting among mothers with BC, as these may be promotive factors for positive parenting. Specifically, we examined whether social support (family, friend, spiritual), emotion regulation, and a sense of meaning in life are related to positive parenting among mothers undergoing BC treatments.

Methods
The sample consisted of 100 Israeli mothers (mean age = 46.02 years, SD = 6.06 years) who were undergoing treatment for BC. Participating mothers had at least one child aged 6–17 years. Participants were recruited via closed social media groups to complete a questionnaire containing: the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire, Cancer Perceived Agents of Social Support tool, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Meaning in Life Questionnaire, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30), and sociodemographic and clinical questions. We used structural equation modeling to regress the study variables on positive parenting.

Results
Friend support (β = .35, p = .009) and meaning in life (β = .30, p = .012) were significantly related to positive parenting. Family support, spiritual support, cognitive reappraisal, and the sociodemographic and clinical variables were not related to positive parenting.

Conclusions
Our study suggests that promoting meaning in life and friend support may be key to helping mothers to sustain positive parenting behaviors throughout their cancer treatment. Future research may examine whether psychosocial interventions which foster meaning in life and friend support impact positive parenting among mothers with BC.
Geo-investigation and Slope Stability Analysis of Debris Slides along Ramban-Gool Road Network, Jammu and Kashmir, India
Authors: Aziz Kainat , Sarkar Shantanu , Sahu Paulami 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The prevalent landslides in the Kashmir Himalaya are the result of a combination of several geo-environmental parameters in a precarious terrain and extensive developmental activities. The Ramban-Gool road network is one of the landslide prone regions in the valley which has witnessed a constant increase in the landslides, damaging the public property apart from creating major threat to human life and geo-environment. Keeping in view the peril of slope failures, stability assessment of a few vulnerable slopes was carried out along with geological and geotechnical investigation. The stability analysis was carried out using two-dimensional numerical simulation tool limit equilibrium method (LEM) and finite element method (FEM) in both dry and saturated conditions. The results obtained from the study have very clearly demarcated the stability of the slopes in terms of factor of safety. The factor of safety obtained revealed that except for two slopes having factor of safety marginally greater than 1, the other four slopes have factor of safety less than 1 under dry condition indicating unstable condition. The factor of safety further decreases for all the slopes under saturated condition. Furthermore, results obtained from both LEM and FEM show a close approximation with values varying from 1.33 to 0.75 in case of LEM analysis while FEM values vary from 1.31 to 0.76. From FEM analysis, total displacement was also determined for each slope to assess the extent of potential damage.
Channel Dynamics of a Middle Reach of Rapti River, Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plain, India
Authors: Singh Rathore Vijay Kumar , Kumar Verma Pramod , Kumar Singh Anjani , Patel Adesh , Singh M. M. , Bhatt S. C. , Kumar Singh Sudhir 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The Rapti a foothills-fed river is emerging from the Lesser Himalayan zone of southern Nepal. It has shifted its course at its foothills and middle reaches several times and has been affecting many localities in the last few decades. Keeping this in view a severely affected 94 km. long stretch of Rapti river flowing in the Shravasti district of eastern Uttar Pradesh was selected for the study of channel dynamics. In the present work, the geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) techniques were used to evaluate the river shifting and assessment of related effects on the adjacent landscapes between the years 1980 to 2020. Satellite image of Landsat and Sentinel was also used to determine the spatio-temporal changes occurring in the river channel for the last forty years. The river channels, their centre lines and bars were digitized in a GIS environment and all channels were divided into four reaches, viz. A, B, C and D. Twenty cross-sections perpendicular to the centre line representing the position of the channel in the year 1980 were drawn. The sinuosity index, measurements of the channel migration, channel width and bank line shift of the channel were calculated.
The sinuosity indices of the river channels for the years 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2020 were computed as 1.52, 1.47, 1.47, 1.70 and 1.48, respectively. Temporal changes in sinuosity exhibit the meandering pattern of the river channel. Overlayed active channel centre lines of the years 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2020 show the migrational trend of the river channel. The maximum migration has occurred along reaches A and D. The extensive migration and sedimentation in the channel also alter the channel width that varies significantly along reaches A and C. Apart from this, the geomorphic features viz. channel migration, bank line erosion, abandoned channels, expansion of meanders, oxbow lake, chute cut off, neck cut off, etc. were identified as indicators of active erosion on the flood plain of the Rapti. It has been observed that river migration and bank line erosion are severely affecting the many rural settlements situated in the active flood plain. This study infers that the Rapti river channel has been migrating frequently for the last forty years and is increasing the vulnerability of flood hazards in its active flood plains.
Mobility and Income Distribution
Authors: Piluso Nicolas , Colletis Gabriel , Blanchet Adrien , Badra Mehdi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article presents a model for income distribution among factors of production in the context of a globalised economy. Previous models are most often static and do not take into account the geographical location of the factors of production nor the mobility costs that result. We have created a dynamic Nash bargaining model that integrates the geographical distance between companies and the mobility costs for each production factor. The main result of this model is that income distribution closely depends on mobility costs: production factors with low mobility costs are those whose incomes increase most rapidly.
Rare Earth and Critical Element Chemistry of the Volcanic Ash-fall Parting in the Fire Clay Coal, Eastern Kentucky, USA
Authors: Liu Jingjing , Dai Shifeng , Berti Debora , Eble Cortland F. , Dong Mengjun , Gao Yan , Hower James C. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In the search for rare earth and other critical elements in coal measures, the coals are emphasized with lesser consideration for the accompanying rocks. In this investigation, the focus is on a lanthanide-rich, 315–317 Ma (after Machlus et al., Chemical Geology, 539, art. no. 119485, 2020) volcanic ash-fall trachyandesite to trachyte tonstein which occurs in association with the Middle Pennsylvanian Duckmantian-age Fire Clay coal in eastern Kentucky. The tonstein was deposited largely during peat accumulation, although it is known to occur at the base of the coal or within the underclay. The mineralogy is dominated by kaolinite with illite and quartz as minor to major minerals. A number of accessory minerals, as detected by X-ray diffraction + Siroquant XRD software and scanning and transmission electron microscopy (S/TEM), include REE-bearing phosphates (apatite, crandallite, florencite, monazite), and Y-bearing zircon. The highest rare earth element + Y concentrations occur in the weathered tonsteins, probably due to the concentration of these minerals after weathering of kaolinite from the rock.
Mineralogy and Geochemistry of a Bentonite Pellets Column Heated for 10 years
Authors: Villar M. V. , Cuevas J. , Zabala A. B. , Ortega A. , Melón A. M. , Ruiz A. I. , Iglesias R. J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA common design of a high-level radioactive waste (HLW) disposal system consists of the waste canisters emplaced in tunnels or shafts, with the space between the heat-emitting canisters and the surrounding rock filled with a bentonite-based material. Understanding the behavior of this barrier, in particular the effect of prolonged heating on its properties, is important to assess the barrier’s long-term performance. The objective of the present study was to add to this understanding and to supply experimental data about the state of bentonite hydrated and heated for a long period of time. To that end, a 50 cm long column of Wyoming-type bentonite pellets was heated at its base at 140 °C (simulating the waste canister) while a synthetic sodium-chloride-rich groundwater including sulfate, calcium, and magnesium was supplied through its upper surface for almost 10 y. At the end of the experiment the upper half of the column was saturated, but in the lower half the water content decreased sharply toward the heater, where it was close to 0%. No relevant mineralogical changes occurred, and the main component of the bentonite continued to be a predominantly sodium montmorillonite with no structural changes with respect to the initial one. In the area where the temperatures were >60°C and the material very dry, however, the smectite was not able to completely develop the 1-layer hydrate after 48 h of stabilization at RH 55%, although its expandability was fully recovered when the smectite was hydrated with liquid water. The ions solubilized as a result of the water-content increase were transported toward the heater and concentrated in two distinct areas: sodium and calcium chlorides closer to the heater than calcium and sodium sulfates. At the heater contact, the bentonite microstructure was of dense packets with carbon and Na-S-coated cavities. Precipitation of calcite and calcium sulfates and possibly dissolution of silica minerals also took place close to the heater.
Ceramics Properties of Indurated-Shale Quarry Wastes from Abakaliki, Southeastern Nigeria: Application as Raw Materials in Roofing-Tile Production
Authors: Nweke Obisi M. , Omeokachie Adolphus I. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe present study describes research carried out to evaluate the mineralogical, geochemical and technological properties of indurated shale-quarry wastes and assess the suitability of these low-cost and locally available quarry wastes generated from crushed indurated shales for possible use as alternatives to fresh raw materials in the manufacture of roofing-tile products. Firstly, the mineralogical and chemical properties of the indurated shales were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence, while their physical properties were identified by grain-size distribution, Atterberg limits, and clay activity. Samples of indurated shale-quarry wastes (ISQWs) were subjected to heat treatment at elevated firing temperatures to provide the required strength and durability and their ceramics properties (linear shrinkage, weight loss, water absorption, bulk density, and flexural strength) were determined. From the results, the ISQWs were composed predominantly of fine particles with medium plasticity and clay activity with values generally >0.75. The mineralogy revealed a predominance of aluminosilicates (illite-kaolinite-smectite-chlorite) with large quartz contents and variable percentages of carbonate and feldspar. The oxides were dominated by SiO2 and Al2O3, small amounts of ferromagnesian minerals, and considerable amounts of alkalis (K2O and Na2O) which act as fluxes. The CaO concentrations were variable and related to carbonate contents. Characterizations based on compositional ternary (total clay mineral-carbonate-quartz + feldspar) systems, Casagrande clay workability charts, and Winkler and McNally diagrams revealed their suitability for ceramics applications as the majority of ISQW samples fell within the specifications for roofing tiles. The ISQWs fired at a high temperature of 1000°C revealed considerable weight loss, reduction in both linear shrinkage and water absorption with insignificant increase in flexural strength. In order to achieve excellent ceramics properties and further reduce sintering temperature for their suitability as raw materials in the production of roofing tiles, beneficiations of ISQWs are highly recommended.
Ocellatuspyrones A‒G, new antibacterial polypropionates from the Chinese mollusk Placobranchus ocellatus
Authors: Li Song-Wei , Yu Dan-Dan , Su Ming-Zhi , Yao Li-Gong , Wang Hong , Liu Xueting , Guo Yue-Wei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMarine invertebrates serve as rich sources of secondary metabolites with intriguing chemical diversities and a wide spectrum of biological activities. Particularly, marine shell-less sacoglossan mollusks have attracted much attentions due to the fact that mollusks apply complex metabolites as chemical defense agents against to their predators. With the purpose of discovering bioactive secondary metabolites to develop marine-derived medicines from the South China Sea, we have conducted a chemical study on the photosynthetic mollusk Placobranchus ocellatus. As a result, seven new γ-pyrone polypropionates, namely ( ±)-ocellatuspyrone A (1), ( ±)-ocellatuspyrone B (2), and ocellatuspyrones C−G (5, 9−12), along with five known polypropionates, have been isolated and characterized from the South China Sea photosynthetic mollusk Placobranchus ocellatus. Extensive spectroscopic analysis, single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, modified Mosher’s method, ECD comparison, CD exciton chirality method, TDDFT-ECD calculation, and chemical conversion were used to determine the structures and absolute configurations of the new compounds and the stereochemistry of undefined known compounds 4, 6 and 7. All these isolated polypropionates were evaluated in bioassays for their biological activities, including antibacterial, neuroprotective effect, anti-inflammatory, PTP1B inhibitory, and antiviral activities. Compounds 7, 8 and 11 were found for the first time to show antibacterial activity against fish pathogenic bacteria Streptococcus parauberis (the main pathogen causing fish streptococcal infections and acute death) with MIC values of 35.8, 34.2, and 37.4 μg/mL, respectively, which might be potential novel antibacterial agents for the treatment of fish infectious diseases.
From Spinors to Supersymmetry
Authors: Dreiner Herbi K. , Haber Howard E. , Martin Stephen P. 
Published: July 2023

Supersymmetry is an extension of the successful Standard Model of particle physics; it relies on the principle that fermions and bosons are related by a symmetry, leading to an elegant predictive structure for quantum field theory. This textbook provides a comprehensive and pedagogical introduction to supersymmetry and spinor techniques in quantum field theory. By utilising the two-component spinor formalism for fermions, the authors provide many examples of practical calculations relevant for collider physics signatures, anomalies, and radiative corrections. They present in detail the component field and superspace formulations of supersymmetry and explore related concepts, including the theory of extended Higgs sectors, models of grand unification, and the origin of neutrino masses. Numerous exercises are provided at the end of each chapter. Aimed at graduate students and researchers, this volume provides a clear and unified treatment of theoretical concepts that are at the frontiers of high energy particle physics.
Kynanthropic and vampirism delusions: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Mulholland K. , McLoughlin A. , McDonald C. , Hallahan B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractZooanthropy (delusional beliefs of turning into an animal) is a rare but well recognised psychiatric phenomenon. This case describes the presence of kynanthropic delusions (delusional beliefs of turning into a dog). Multiple other psychotic symptoms were also evident including unusually the additional presence of delusions of vampirism. Delusional beliefs in this case were associated with behavioural changes including growling and barking, and less commonly an expressed craving for biting people’s necks to suck human blood. Symptom intensity was associated with increased psychosocial stressors for this patient, with some benefit noted from very high doses of anti-psychotic medications. Brief admissions to the acute psychiatric inpatient unit and thus removal from environmental stressors has been associated with an amelioration in symptomatology.