bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 inpatient mortality in Brazil from 2020 to 2022: a cross-sectional overview study based on secondary data
Authors: Portela Margareth Crisóstomo , Martins Mônica , Lima Sheyla Maria Lemos , de Andrade Carla Lourenço Tavares , Pereira Claudia Cristina de Aguiar 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic occurred in an unfavorable political context in Brazil, and problems accumulated in the Unified Health System (SUS) over time. The preparedness and response of the healthcare system, involving the SUS and a private sector, was affected by large socioeconomic inequities across the country. This work was aimed at studying variations in COVID-19 inpatient mortality in Brazil throughout the pandemic in the period from 2020–2022, focusing on differences across public, private and philanthropic (private nonprofit) inpatient healthcare units, providers and nonproviders of services to the Unified Health System (SUS).
Methods
This cross-sectional study used secondary data from the Brazilian Ministry of Health and the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). The main data source was the SIVEP-Gripe, which comprises data on severe acute respiratory illness records prospectively collected. We also employed the National Record of Health Establishments, the SUS’ Hospitalization Information System (SIH-SUS) and municipalities' data from IBGE. We considered adult COVID-19 hospitalizations registered in SIVEP-Gripe from February 2020 to December 2022 in inpatient healthcare units with a minimum of 150 cases in the period. Data analyses explored the occurrence of hospitalizations and inpatient mortality over time and across the groups of hospitals defined by juridical ownership and participation in SUS. Moreover, general linear mixed models were estimated to identify independent effects on COVID-19 inpatient mortality of characteristics of patients, healthcare processes, healthcare units and municipalities.
Results
Approximately 70% of the COVID-19 hospitalizations in Brazil were covered by the SUS, but SUS hospitals had worse inpatient mortality than others. Northern Brazil experienced the highest chances of inpatient mortality, with no significant differentiation among inpatient care unit types. Black individuals had higher chances of COVID-19 inpatient mortality in all regions of the country, as well as indigenous individuals in the North and mixed-race individuals in the South. Additionally, inpatient mortality was higher in the first (Apr-Aug 2020) and second (Dec 2020-May 2021) pandemic waves, becoming lower in 2022, even during the third wave (Jan-Feb 2022).
Conclusions
COVID-19 exposed SUS healthcare weaknesses resulting from long-term disinvestment, and its lower performance is a problem to be addressed.
Improved diagnosis of the Carbonate Reservoirs: A case study from the Potwar Basin, northwest Pakistan
Authors: Ahmad Sajjad , Khan Suleman 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

The key obstacles to the development of the four wells in the Pariwali Block of the Potwar Basin in Pakistan continue to be an accurate age diagnosis of the reservoir intervals, facies variation, and locating the hydrocarbon target for future development wells. The purpose of this work is to offer integrated biostratigraphic, facies, and sequence stratigraphic information from well cuttings in order to more fully characterize the carbonate reservoirs. The diagnosis of exact stratigraphic units, their ages, and order of cyclicity were constrained by larger benthic foraminiferal biostratigraphy, and the facies integration has made it possible to identify the sequence stratigraphic architecture. The Paleogene Lockhart, Sakessar, and Chorgali Formation were diagnosed, which were deposited on a ramp carbonate platform in a range of environments, including tidal flats, the inner ramp, the proximal middle ramp, and the outer ramp. The Transgressive Systems Tract and the Regressive Systems Tract, which make up a third-order cycle, were validated by the Lockhart, Sakessar, and Chorgali Formation in the Potwar-5, 2, and 7 wells. The facies correlation of the Potwar-2, 4, 5, and 7 wells shows a distinct vertical and lateral change. The occurrence of LBF wackestone-packstone facies possesses excellent reservoir rock characteristics as seen in the Potwar 2, 4, and 5 wells. The poor reservoir intervals are indicated by the lime mudstone facies and their absence in the Potwar-2, which may have contributed to optimal hydrocarbon recovery. The repetition of lime mudstone facies has caused the reservoir compartmentalization in Potwar 4 &7 wells.
IoT Empowered Smart Cybersecurity Framework for Intrusion Detection in Internet of Drones
Authors: Ashraf Syeda Nazia , Manickam Selvakumar , Zia Syed Saood , Abro Abdul Ahad , Obaidat Muath , Uddin Mueen , Abdelhaq Maha , Alsaqour Raed 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

The emergence of drone-based innovative cyber security solutions integrated with the Internet of Things (IoT) has revolutionized navigational technologies with robust data communication services across multiple platforms. This advancement leverages machine learning and deep learning methods for future progress. In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the utilization of IoT-enabled drone data management technology. Industries ranging from industrial applications to agricultural advancements, as well as the implementation of smart cities for intelligent and efficient monitoring. However, these latest trends and drone-enabled IoT technology developments have also opened doors to malicious exploitation of existing IoT infrastructures. This raises concerns regarding the vulnerability of drone networks and security risks due to inherent design flaws and the lack of cybersecurity solutions and standards. The main objective of this study is to examine the latest privacy and security challenges impacting the network of drones (NoD). The research underscores the significance of establishing a secure and fortified drone network to mitigate interception and intrusion risks. The proposed system effectively detects cyber-attacks in drone networks by leveraging deep learning and machine learning techniques. Furthermore, the model's performance was evaluated using well-known drones’ UNSW-NB15, CICIDS2017, and KDDCup 99 datasets. We have tested the multiple hyperparameter parameters for optimal performance and classify data instances and maximum efficacy in the NoD framework. The model achieved exceptional efficiency and robustness in NoD. The system attains precision values of 89.10% and 90.16%, accuracy rates of 91.00% and 91.36%, recall values of 81.13% and 90.11%, and F-measure values of 88.11% and 90.19% for the respective evaluation metrics.
Anoikis-Related Gene EZR is a Potential Factor Associated with Neutrophil Extracellular Traps(NETs) in Ankylosing Spondylitis with Hip Arthropathy
Authors: Feng Sitan , Liu Chong , Huang Chengqian , Zhang Bin , Chen Tian , Zhou Chen , Huang Shengsheng , Chen Liyi , Sun Xuhua , Ye Zhen , Guo Hao , Chen Wu , Yao Yuan , Zhu Ji , Wu Fengshao , Fan Binguang , Yang Zhenwei , Gu Wenfei , Wang Yihan , Wei Wendi , Zhan Xinli 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease primarily affecting the spine and sacroiliac joint. Anoikis is a newly recognized form of programmed cell death that has been implicated in the progression of several diseases. Thus, the objective of this research is to investigate the factors associated with anoikis that contribute to the progression of ankylosing spondylitis.
Methods: Two datasets for AS were obtained from the gene expression omnibus database. By analyzing the differentially expressed genesbetween the AS and control groups, as well as the genes associated with anoikis,the differentially expressed genes related toanoikis (AnDEGs) were identified. Toinvestigate the immune cell infiltration in AS, the CIBERSORT method was employed. Gene set enrichment analysis was used to assessthe function of the genes. Using machine learning algorithms, a set of bub-anoikis-related genes was identified and used to classify 68 AS samples into two distinctsubclusters. We then performed Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment, Gene Set Variation Analysis,and immune infiltration analysis to evaluate the characteristicsof thesesubclusters. Finally, to validate the results of our bioinformatic analysis, immunohistochemistry, proteomic analysis, and blood routine examinationswere conducted.
Results: We identified a total of 11 AnDEGs,and using machine learning algorithms, four hub genes, namelyID2, DNMT1, EZR, and ITGB3, were further identified. The majorityof these hub genes exhibitedlower expression levelsin AS samples,and their expression was found to be negatively correlated with immune cell infiltration. Two distinct subclusters exhibiting differential expression of genes primarilyassociated with the immune response process were constructed. Immune signalingpathways were enrichedin cluster2. Consistently, the level of immune infiltration was higher in cluster2. Immunohistochemistry verified the differentialexpression of the hubgenes, and blood routine examination confirmed differences in immune infiltration between the two subclusters. However, proteomic analysis detected only differentialexpression of EZR in AS patients with hip arthropathy.
Conclusion: The dysregulation of EZR appears to bethe crucialfactor associated with neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs) in ankylosing spondylitis patients with hip arthropathy.
Ketamine alone or ketamine with fentanyl to improve post tonsillectomy analgesia in children
Authors: Zouche Imen , Sellami Moncef , Kharrat Ines , Grati Faiza , Keskes Mariem , Ketata Salma , Charfeddine Ilhem 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate the effects of ketamine used instead of or as an adjuvant to fentanyl on postoperative pain s in children undergoing tonsillectomy.
Materiel and Methods:
We conducted a double blind prospective randomized study including children, aged between 2 and 7 years, undergoing adenotonsillectomy. Patients were randomly assigned to one of three groups: group G1 received 2 µg/ kg of fentanyl, group G2 received 0.5 mg/ kg of ketamine, and group G3 received fentanyl 1µg/ kg and 0.25 mg / kg of ketamine. We recorded postoperative additional analgesic requirements and side effects. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the unidirectional ordered data between groups. Least-significant difference (LSD) was used to compare the data between two groups.
Results
Sixty children aged between 2 and 7 years scheduled to undergo adenotonsillectomy were included. Twenty patients were randomly assigned to one of three groups. Better control of pain was noted in group G3, with a significant difference at 30 min compared to both groups G1 (p = 0,008) and G2 (p = 0.036). The need for additional analgesia and side effects were comparable for the three groups.
Conclusion
ketamine associated with fentanyl provides a satisfactory early analgesia and can even replace fentanyl during tonsillectomy.
A long-term operational scheme for hybrid hydro-PV systems that considers the uncertainties in reservoir inflow and solar radiation based on scenario trees
Authors: Cao Han , Qiu Jun , Zuo Hui-Min , Li Fang-Fang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The majority of available long-term operation models of hydropower stations use deterministic historical data as inputs, and cannot update the decision scheme in real-time according to the actual solar radiation and inflow conditions. This results in a disconnect between the given plan and actual decision-making. To address existing challenges in the long-term operation of hydro-PV complementary power stations, a multi-stage rolling reservoir decision model considering the uncertainties of solar radiation and inflow is presented. This model can guide the formulation of long-term operation scheme of hydro-PV system. The typical wet, normal, and dry years are analyzed. We take the solar radiation series and inflow series generated by the scenario tree (ST) as the inputs of the reservoir optimal operation model, and use genetic algorithm (GA) to solve the model. During the solution process, the scheme is adjusted according to the actual solar radiation data and inflow data. The results illustrate that the model can better mentor the formulation of long-term operation rules for hydro-PV stations contrasted to the actual operation scheme and the traditional deterministic model.
Inequalities for Rational Functions in the Complex plane
Authors: Qasim Idrees 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we establish inequalities for rational functions with prescribed poles, and zeros inside or outside a disk of radius k. We find generalized extension of the polynomial inequalities of Govil, 1973 and 1980, to rational functions. We also find the relationship between maximum modulus of rational function on a circle of radius k, k ≥ 1 and on the unit circle. Refinements of some inequalities by Li, Mohapatra and Rodriguez,1993, are also deduced.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 30A10, 30C15, 30D15
Object Detection Based on Lightweight YOLOX for Autonomous Driving
Authors: He Qiyi , xu ao , Ye Zhiwei , Zhou Wen , Cai Ting 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Object detection algorithm is one of the key elements for implementing autonomous driving technology, and the high accuracy and fast inference speed requirements of the algorithm are crucial for safe autonomous driving. In the process of autonomous driving, low accuracy or slow inference speed can both lead to fatal accidents. Therefore, a high-precision and high-efficiency detection algorithm is needed for autonomous driving applications. In this paper, a lightweight feature extraction model, ShuffDet, is proposed to replace the CSPDark53 model used by YOLOX, by improving the YOLOX algorithm. At the same time, an attention mechanism is introduced into the feature pyramid network (FPN) to make the network focus more on important information in the network, thereby improving the accuracy of the model. This model, which combines two methods, is called ShuffYOLOX, and it can improve the accuracy of the model while keeping it lightweight. The performance of the ShuffYOLOX model on the KITTI dataset is tested in this paper, and the experimental results show that compared to the original network, the mean average precision (mAP) of the ShuffYOLOX model on the KITTI dataset reaches 92.20%. In addition, the number of parameters of the ShuffYOLOX model is reduced by 34.57%, the Gflops is reduced by 42.19%, and the FPS is increased by 65%. Therefore, the ShuffYOLOX model is very suitable for autonomous driving applications.
Can AMH levels predict the need to step up FSH dose for controlled ovarian stimulation in PCOS women?
Authors: Huang Hui , Gao Haijie , Shi Yingying , Deng Bingbing , He Xuemen , Lin Jin , Li Ping 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
To explore the role of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) in predicting the need to step up recombinant FSH (rFSH) dose in IVF/ICSI cycles of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) women.
Methods
This is a retrospective cohort study of 825 PCOS related infertility enrolled from Jan 2019 to Dec 2021. The daily rFSH dose at which the first response to rFSH were recorded. The dose at which the first response to rFSH was based on folliculometry during follow up in which two or more follicles reached ≥ 11mm. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was done to investigate the ability of AMH to predict the need to step up initial rFSH dose.
Results
PCOS women who needed to step up initial rFSH dose had a significantly higher AMH compared with those didn’t step up initial rFSH dose (11.37 ± 3.25ng/ml vs. 8.69 ± 3.16ng/ml, P < 0.001). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, increased AMH level was an independent factor for the need to step up initial rFSH dose in PCOS patients after adjusted for confounding factors. ROC curve analysis showed AMH could predict the need to step up initial rFSH dose (AUC = 0.738, 95%CI: 0.704–0.773), having 75.4% specificity and 63% sensitivity when the threshold AMH concentration was 9.30ng/ml. 58.8% PCOS women with AMH > 9.30 ng/ml required increased rFSH dose compared to 18.8% of women with AMH ≤ 9.30ng/ml (p < 0.001). Although the clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate were not significantly different, there was a higher incidence of OHSS among women with AMH > 9.30 ng/ml vs. AMH ≤ 9.30ng/ml (20.8% vs. 15.3%, p = 0.043).
Conclusion
PCOS women with AMH > 9.30 ng/ml were resistant to rFSH stimulation and require increased dose for the cycle recruitment of ovarian follicles.
The triglyceride-glucose index is associated with the risk of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients
Authors: Zhang Rongting , Shi Shanshan , Zhang Kaijun , Zhao Yukun , He Yibo , Wang Yani , Lin Xueqin , Liao Lihua , Guo Qian , Li Shihai , Liao Ying , Fang Yong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a reliable alternative biomarker of insulin resistance (IR) and is associated with renal dysfunction. We aimed to investigate the correlation between TyG index and the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients.
Methods
A total of 2,716 participants were recruited to the study from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC-III) database. Patients were divided into four groups according to quartiles (Q1–Q4) of TyG index. The TyG index was calculated as ln [fasting triglycerides (mg/dL) × fasting blood glucose (mg/dL)/2]. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between TyG index and AKI. The restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression model was used to outline the relationships between the TyG index and outcomes.
Results
A total of 1,335 (49.15%) participants were identified with AKI. The incidence of AKI was 44.56% in Q1, 45.13% in Q2, 51.34% in Q3, and 55.67% in Q4 (P < 0.001). In the multivariable model, the highest quartile (Q4 group) of TyG index was more strongly correlated with the risk of AKI than the lowest quartile (Q1 group) after adjusting for potential confounding risk factors (adjusted odds ratio = 1.98, 95% confidence interval = 1.39 − 2.83; P < 0.001). The RCS regression model revealed that the risk of AKI increased linearly with increasing TyG index (P for non-linearity = 0.969).
Conclusions
The findings showed that a high TyG index was significantly and independently associated with an increased risk of AKI in critically ill patients.
The association between sexual orientation and psychotic experiences during adolescence: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Corcoran Emma , Althobaiti Amal , Lewis Glyn , Solmi Francesca , McCloud Tayla , Lewis Gemma 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Psychotic experiences are relatively common during adolescence and associated with a range of negative outcomes. There is evidence that sexual minorities are at increased risk of mental health problems including depression, anxiety, self-harm and suicidality. However, no study has investigated the association between sexual orientation and psychotic experiences during adolescence. We compared trajectories of psychotic experiences in sexual minority and heterosexual adolescents from 12 to 24 years of age.
Methods
We used data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Participants provided data on sexual orientation at age 16 and psychotic experiences at ages 12, 17 and 24. We used multi-level logistic regression models to test associations between sexual orientation and psychotic experiences, before and after adjusting for covariates. We investigated whether the association differed according to time-point and sex using interaction terms.
Results
We found evidence that the odds of psychotic experiences were 2.35 times (95% Confidence Interval 1.79–3.05, p < .0001) higher among sexual minority compared with heterosexual adolescents, after adjusting for covariates. There was no evidence that the association between sexual orientation and psychotic experiences differed according to time-point (p = 0.49) or sex (p = 0.29).
Conclusion
We found an increased risk of psychosis in sexual minorities compared with heterosexuals, which was present from around 12 years of age and persisted until age 24. Early interventions to prevent this mental health inequality could include universal interventions to promote inclusivity and acceptance of diverse sexual orientations.
Are dental outcomes associated with medication use in young and older adults?
Authors: Castro Ricardo Dias , Vieira Alexandre Rezende 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objetive: We aimed to examine the association between medication use and dental outcomes in 4,531 individuals aged 18 to 44 and 45 to 64 years.
Method: Medical and dental data were obtained from the Dental Registry and DNA Repository project at the University of Pittsburgh. Demographic data, medical history, and oral health data were collected. Self-reported medication use was obtained for several types of pharmacologic therapeutic classes. Dental outcomes analyzed were: sound teeth, caries experience, caries activity, periodontal disease, endodontic treatment, and missing or extracted teeth.
Results: The use of any type of medication was identified in 65.22% (n = 2,955) of the sample, with higher frequencies for psychiatric/neurological medications (26.84%, n = 1,216), cardiovascular medications (20.06%, n = 909), and analgesics (14.72%, n = 667). Overall, the use of these medications was associated (p< 0.0001) with a lower number of healthy teeth and a higher number of extracted teeth in the 18 to 44 age group for all types of teeth assessed. Medication use is associated with a higher number of maxillary and mandibular teeth affected by caries, and contraceptive use was associated with a lower number of active caries in the same groups of teeth (p< 0.0001).
Conclusions: The use of drugs for psychiatric or neurological disorders, immunomodulators, pain, antimicrobials, proton pump inhibitors, and cardiovascular disease was associated with fewer healthy teeth, more extracted or missing teeth, and more active caries in anterior teeth. The use of contraceptives was associated with better oral health conditions.