bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wood‐Derived Continuously Oriented Three‐Phase Interfacial Channels for High‐Performance Quasi‐Solid‐State Alkaline Zinc Batteries
Authors: Li Lanze , Cao Qinghe , Wu Yitian , Zheng Yu , Tang Hongxuan , Ge Jiujiu , Liang Mengdi , Zhou Bao , Jiang Baiyu , Wu Sai , Wang Fan , Pang Yajun , Shen Zhehong , Guan Cao , Chen Hao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlthough recently developed hybrid zinc (Zn) batteries integrate the benefits of both alkaline Zn and Zn–air batteries, the kinetics of the electrocatalytic oxygen reaction and mass transfer of the electrolyte, which are limited by the mismatched and disordered multiphase reaction's interfacial transfer channels, considerably inhibit the performance of hybrid Zn batteries. In this work, novel, continuously oriented three‐phase interfacial channels at the cathode derived from the natural structure of pine wood are developed to address these challenges. A pine wood chip is carbonized and asymmetrically loaded with a hydrophilic active material to achieve the creation of a wood‐derived cathode that integrates the active material, current collector, and continuously oriented three‐phase reaction interfacial channels, which allows the reaction dynamics to be accelerated. Consequently, the assembled quasi‐solid‐state hybrid battery performs an extra charge–discharge process beyond that performed by a typical nickel (Ni)–Zn battery, resulting in a wide operating voltage range of 0.6–2.0 V and a superior specific capacity of 656.5 mAh g–1, in addition to an excellent energy density (644.7 Wh kg–1) and good durability. The ≈370% capacity improvement relative to the Ni–Zn battery alone makes the hybrid battery one of the best‐performing alkaline Zn batteries.
Tunable Interfacial Charge Transfer in a 2D–2D Composite for Efficient Visible‐Light‐Driven CO2 Conversion
Authors: Liu Lizhong , Wang Zhongliao , Zhang Jinfeng , Ruzimuradov Olim , Dai Kai , Low Jingxiang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPhotocatalytic CO2 conversion for hydrocarbon fuel production has been known as one of the most promising strategies for achieving carbon neutrality. Yet, its conversion efficiency remains unsatisfactory mainly due to its severe charge‐transfer resistance and slow charge kinetics. Herein, a tunable interfacial charge transfer on an oxygen‐vacancies‐modified bismuth molybdate nanoflower assembled by 2D nanosheets (BMOVs) and 2D bismuthene composite (Bi/BMOVs) is demonstrated for photocatalytic CO2 conversion. Specifically, the meticulous design of the Ohmic contact formed between BMOVs and bismuthene can allow the modulation of the interfacial charge‐transfer resistance. According to density functional theory (DFT) simulations, it is ascertained that such exceptional charge kinetics is attributed to the tunable built‐in electric field (IEF) of the Ohmic contact. As such, the photocatalytic CO2 reduction performance of the optimized Bi/BMOVs (CO and CH4 productions rate of 169.93 and 4.65 µmol g−1 h−1, respectively) is ca. 10 times higher than that of the pristine BMO (CO and CH4 production rates of 16.06 and 0.51 µmol g−1 h−1, respectively). The tunable interfacial resistance of the Ohmic contact reported in this work can shed some important light on the design of highly efficient photocatalysts for both energy and environmental applications.
Ionogel‐Electrode for the Study of Protein Tunnel Junctions under Physiologically Relevant Conditions
Authors: Bai Xiyue , Li Pengfei , Peng Wuxian , Chen Ningyue , Lin Jin‐Liang , Li Yuan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe study of charge transport through proteins is essential for understanding complicated electrochemical processes in biological activities while the reasons for the coexistence of tunneling and hopping phenomena in protein junctions still remain unclear. In this work, a flexible and conductive ionogel electrode is synthesized and is used as a top contact to form highly reproducible protein junctions. The junctions of proteins, including human serum albumin, cytochrome C and hemoglobin, show temperature‐independent electron tunneling characteristics when the junctions are in solid states while with a different mechanism of temperature‐dependent electron hopping when junctions are hydrated under physiologically relevant conditions. It is demonstrated that the solvent reorganization energy plays an important role in the electron‐hopping process and experimentally shown that it requires ≈100 meV for electron hopping through one heme group inside a hydrated protein molecule connected between two electrodes.
Electrochemical Syntheses of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)
Authors: Wang Yulei , Zhao Rong , Ackermann Lutz 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have surfaced as increasingly viable components in optoelectronics and material sciences. The development of highly efficient and atom‐economic tools to prepare PAHs under exceedingly mild conditions constitutes a long‐term goal. Traditional syntheses of PAHs have largely relied on multistep approaches or the conventional Scholl reaction. However, Scholl reactions are largely inefficient with electron‐deficient substrates, require stoichiometric chemical oxidants, and typically occur in the presence of strong acid. In sharp contrast, electrochemistry has gained considerable momentum during the past decade as an alternative for the facile and straightforward PAHs assembly, generally via electro‐oxidative dehydrogenative annulation, releasing molecular hydrogen as the sole stoichiometric byproduct by the hydrogen evolution reaction. This review provides an overview on the recent and significant advances in the field of electrochemical syntheses of various PAHs until January 2023.
Binary Organic Solar Cells with 19.2% Efficiency Enabled by Solid Additive
Authors: Wang Jianqiu , Wang Yafei , Bi Pengqing , Chen Zhihao , Qiao Jiawei , Li Jiayao , Wang Wenxuan , Zheng Zhong , Zhang Shaoqing , Hao Xiaotao , Hou Jianhui 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMorphology optimization is critical for achieving high efficiency and stable bulk‐heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, the use of 3,5‐dichlorobromobenzene (DCBB) with high volatility and low cost to manipulate evolution of the BHJ morphology and improve the operability and photostability of OSCs is proposed. Systematic simulations reveal the charge distribution of DCBB and its non‐covalent interaction with the active layer materials. The addition of DCBB can effectively tune the aggregation of PBQx‐TF:eC9‐2Cl during film formation, resulting in a favorable phase separation and a reinforced molecular packing. As a result, a power conversion efficiency of 19.2% (certified as 19.0% by the National Institute of Metrology) for DCBB‐processed PBQx‐TF:eC9‐2Cl‐based OSCs, which is the highest reported value for binary OSCs, is obtained. Importantly, the DCBB‐processed devices exhibit superior photostability and have thus considerable application potential in the printing of large‐area devices, demonstrating outstanding universality in various BHJ systems. The study provides a facile approach to control the BHJ morphology and enhances the photovoltaic performance of OSCs.
An Overview of Recent Progress in Micro/Nanorobots for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Li Mengyue , Hu Xingyue , Zhao Ying , Jiao Niandong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMicro/nanorobots are the general terms for microrobot and nanorobot, whose sizes are often between 1 nm and 1 mm. They can convert a variety of external energy sources into mechanical energy. In recent decades, micro/nanorobots have made remarkable progress in research. Based on different motion mechanisms, micro/nanorobots can achieve efficient movement and operation in microscale spaces owing to their small size and flexibility. Micro/nanorobots have attracted extensive interest because of their significant potential for development in biomedical fields, including minimally invasive surgery, targeted therapy, detection, and sensing. First, based on propulsion methods, research achievements and progress of micro/nanorobots in biomedicine are reviewed from four perspectives: physical, chemical, biological, and hybrid propulsions. Subsequently, research on overcoming the challenges encountered by micro/nanorobots in clinical applications is reviewed. Finally, research on micro/nanorobots in biomedicine is summarized and discussed.
Bismuth‐Based Chiral Perovskite with Different Dimensions for Second‐Order Nonlinear Optical Properties
Authors: Jiang Shuang , Zhao Peisheng , Xing Guoxiang , Kang Huimin , Li Xiaolei , Zhao Tianzhe , Li Bin , Zhang Tianyong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractChiral perovskites have various applications in nonlinear optics due to their asymmetric structures. Currently, nonlinear optical studies have focused on lead‐based perovskite. However, the toxic element, Pb, hinders their further applications. Herein, (R/S‐MBA)4Bi2Br10 (MBA = α‐phenylethylamine) and (R/S‐MPA)2BiBr5 (MPA = 1‐phenylpropan‐1‐amine) crystals were synthesized and explored about the nonlinear optics. Both pairs of chiral perovskite enantiomers exhibit good thermal stability and symmetric circular dichroism signals. Interestingly, MPA and MBA differ by only one methylene but show significant differences in the crystal structures synthesized under the same conditions. The (R/S‐MBA)4Bi2Br10 crystal is a zero‐dimensional (0D) structure in which the [Bi2Br10]4– dimer is spaced by an organic amine. (R/S‐MPA)2BiBr5 crystals are 1D structures in which [BiBr6]2– units form infinitely extended chains by angle sharing. The crystals exhibit efficient second harmonic generation response, and the intensity of (R‐MPA)2BiBr5 is four times that of (R‐MBA)4Bi2Br10 at 980 nm excitation wavelength. The 1D infinitely extended inorganic chain in (R‐MPA)2BiBr5 allows for a more regular arrangement of chiral organic amines, and adjacent organic amines are arranged differently, together leading to its stronger non‐centrosymmetry, which is the decisive factor of nonlinear optics. The study guides the design and deep research of novel second‐order nonlinear optical materials.
Anisotropic Circular Dichroism in Aligned Chiral Tellurium Nanorods
Authors: Reuven Bar , Movsesyan Artur , Santiago Eva Yazmin , Houben Lothar , Wang Zhiming , Govorov Alexander O. , Markovich Gil 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe anisotropic chiroptical activity of chiral tellurium nanorods (Te NRs) is studied experimentally via circular dichroism (CD) measurements of macroscopically aligned samples. Te NRs with chiral, twisted prismatic shapes, and aspect ratio of ~4 are synthesized using the chiral ligand D‐penicillamine and the surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate. The anisotropy of their optical activity is studied at two different configurations with the long axis of the NRs oriented parallel and perpendicular to the CD probe beam. The parallel alignment is achieved in aqueous suspension using an alternating electric field that acts on their polarizability anisotropy, estimated to be 3.8 × 10−30 F m2. The perpendicular orientation is measured in a film of the NRs, prepared at a liquid water–organic interface such that the NRs are deposited on a substrate with their long‐axis in‐plane. Finite‐element electromagnetic simulations reproduce well the experimental CD spectra, demonstrating that the optical activity is dominated by the chiral shape‐related Mie‐type resonances. Both the experimental results and simulations show that the CD spectrum is practically inverted between the two light incidence orientations, a phenomenon that appears general to twisted anisotropic nano‐objects.
Advances in the Theranostics of Oesophageal Squamous Carcinoma
Authors: Cheng Miaomiao , Xin Qi , Ma Saiyu , Ge Mengyue , Wang Feng , Yan Xiyun , Jiang Bing 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOesophageal squamous carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most lethal human malignancies, and it is a more aggressive form of oesophageal cancer (EC) that comprises over 90% of all EC cases in China compared with oesophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). The high mortality of ESCC is attributed to the late‐stage diagnosis, chemoradiotherapy resistance, and lack of appropriate therapeutic targets and corresponding therapeutic formulations. Recently, emerging clinical and translational investigations have involved genome analyses, diagnostic biomarkers, and targeted therapy for ESCC, and these studies provide a new horizon for improving the clinical outcomes of patients with ESCC. Here, the latest research advances in the theranostics of ESCC are reviewed and the unique features of ESCC (including differences from EAC, genomic alterations, and microbe infections), tissue and circulating biomarkers, chemoradiotherapy resistance, clinical targeted therapy for ESCC, identification of novel therapeutic targets, and designation of nanotherapeutic systems for ESCC are particularly focused on. Finally, the perspectives for future clinical and translational theranostic research of ESCC are discussed and the obstacles that must be overcome in ESCC theranostics are described.
FBP‐CNN: A Direct PET Image Reconstruction Network for Flow Visualization
Authors: Fang Ruiqi , Guo Ruipeng , Zhao Min , Yao Min 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDynamic positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has the potential to address technical challenges that persist in the visualization of optically inaccessible flow fields in integrated systems. However, traditional reconstruction algorithms are unable to reconstruct high‐quality images from dynamic scan data. In this paper, a neural network structure that can reconstruct high‐quality images directly using sinograms as input by combining the filtered back‐projection (FBP) algorithm and denoising convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed, which is named FBP‐CNN. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software and the Monte Carlo simulation platform are used jointly to generate a dataset for the flow around the bluff body problem. The dataset is then used to train, validate, and test the FBP‐CNN network, and the network after completing training is used to reconstruct the real projection data. The results show that FBP‐CNN can reconstruct high‐quality images from both simulated datasets and real projection data.
Exosome‐Based Mitochondrial Delivery of circRNA mSCAR Alleviates Sepsis by Orchestrating Macrophage Activation
Authors: Fan Li , Yao Li , Li Zhelong , Wan Zhuo , Sun Wenqi , Qiu Shuo , Zhang Wei , Xiao Dan , Song Liqiang , Yang Guodong , Zhang Yi , Wei Mengying , Yang Xuekang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSepsis is one of the most common causes of death, which is closely related to the uncontrolled systemic inflammation. Dysregulation of M1 macrophage polarization is the primary contributor to serious inflammation. In this study, it is revealed that the murine homologue of circRNA SCAR (steatohepatitis‐associated circRNA ATP5B regulator), denoted as circRNA mSCAR hereafter, decreases in the macrophages of septic mice, which correlates with the excessive M1 polarization. To restore circRNA mSCAR in mitochondria, exosomes encapsulated with circRNA mSCAR are further electroporated with poly‐D‐lysine‐graft‐triphenylphosphine (TPP‐PDL), and thus TPP‐PDL facilitates the bound circRNA delivered into mitochondria when the exosomes engulf by the recipient cells. In in vivo septic mouse model and in vitro cell model, it is shown that the exosome‐based mitochondria delivery system delivers circRNA mSCAR into mitochondria preferentially in the macrophages, favoring macrophage polarization toward M2 subtype. Accordingly, the systemic inflammation is attenuated by exosome‐based mitochondrial delivery of circRNA mSCAR, together with alleviated mortality. Collectively, the results uncover the critical role of circRNA mSCAR in sepsis, and provide a promising approach to attenuate sepsis via exosome‐based mitochondrial delivery of circRNA mSCAR.
Remote Nanoscopy with Infrared Elastic Hyperspectral Lidar
Authors: Müller Lauro , Li Meng , Månefjord Hampus , Salvador Jacobo , Reistad Nina , Hernandez Julio , Kirkeby Carsten , Runemark Anna , Brydegaard Mikkel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMonitoring insects of different species to understand the factors affecting their diversity and decline is a major challenge. Laser remote sensing and spectroscopy offer promising novel solutions to this. Coherent scattering from thin wing membranes also known as wing interference patterns (WIPs) have recently been demonstrated to be species specific. The colors of WIPs arise due to unique fringy spectra, which can be retrieved over long distances. To demonstrate this, a new concept of infrared (950–1650 nm) hyperspectral lidar with 64 spectral bands based on a supercontinuum light source using ray‐tracing and 3D printing is developed. A lidar with an unprecedented number of spectral channels, high signal‐to‐noise ratio, and spatio‐temporal resolution enabling detection of free‐flying insects and their wingbeats. As proof of principle, coherent scatter from a damselfly wing at 87 m distance without averaging (4 ms recording) is retrieved. The fringed signal properties are used to determine an effective wing membrane thickness of 1412 nm with ±4 nm precision matching laboratory recordings of the same wing. Similar signals from free flying insects (2 ms recording) are later recorded. The accuracy and the method's potential are discussed to discriminate species by capturing coherent features from free‐flying insects.
Real‐world data on home end‐of‐life care for older adults with cancer: A retrospective claims data analysis
Authors: Suzuki Yukio , Dohmae Soshi , Ohyama Kohei , Chiba Taiga , Nakagami Sachiko , Miyagi Etsuko , Shuri Jun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundCancer incidence is expected to increase with population aging, making the availability of places for treating patients with terminal cancer a pressing issue. However, little is known about the actual state of home end‐of‐life care (HEC) in Japan.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to examine the real‐world state of HEC for older adults with cancer.MethodsThe Yokohama Original Medical Database was used to identify the cohort. Data of target patients was extracted based on three criteria: age ≥65 years, malignant neoplasm diagnosis, and having a specific billing code of HEC. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between age groups and HEC services or outcome indexes.ResultsOverall, 1323 people (554 and 769 aged < 80 and ≥ 80 years, respectively; men, 59.2%) had planned to receive HEC. The < 80 years group had more frequent emergent home visits than the ≥ 80‐year group (P < 0.001), but the number of monthly home visits was similar between the two groups (P = 0.267). The rate of emergent admission was 5.9% in the ≥ 80‐year group, which was higher than that in the < 80‐year group (3.1%; P = 0.018). Conversely, the rates of central venous nutrition and opioid use were higher in the < 80‐year group than those in the ≥ 80‐year group.ConclusionsThis study reported patterns of use of HEC among older adults with cancer in the terminal stage. Our findings may provide the basis for providing HEC for older adults with cancer.
Effects of relocation of sedentary time and physical activity in older adults with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Galvão Lucas Lima , Silva Rízia Rocha , Costa Daniela de Jesus , Tribess Sheilla , Santos Douglas Assis Teles , Júnior Jair Sindra Virtuoso 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the hypothetical effects of substituting time spent in moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and time spent in sedentary behavior (SB) and their associations with diabetes.MethodsA cross‐sectional study using exploratory survey methods was performed in Alcobaça city in the state of Bahia, Brazil in the year 2015. A total of 473 older adults (aged ≥60 years) participated in the study. Diabetes mellitus, time MVPA, and SB were assessed in a self‐reported manner. The Poisson regression was used to verify the hypothetical effects of the substitution of MVPA with SB on diabetes.ResultsThe substitution of the time in MVPA with time in SB showed higher prevalence ratios of diabetes. Conversely, the substitution of the time in SB proved to be a protective factor, with risks reduced by between 4% and 19%.DiscussionThe substitution of the time spent in MVPA with the same amount of time spent on SB can lead to an increase in the probability of diabetes, and a longer reallocation time corresponded to a greater risk.
Delineation of clinical course, outcomes, and prognostic factors in patients with T‐cell prolymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Rose Ashley , Zhang Ling , Jain Akriti G. , Poovathukaran Babu Abida , Sokol Lubomir , Saeed Hayder , Mo Qianxing , Fan Wenyi , Zhang Xiaohui 
Published: March 2023

AbstractT‐cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T‐PLL) is a rare, post‐thymic T‐cell neoplasm with a diverse clinical course. T‐PLL is typically associated with a poor prognosis; however, a subset of patients have inactive disease on initial presentation. There is a lack of accurate delineation of the disease based on initial clinical presentation and pathological assessment, hindering clinical decision‐making. To characterize and delineate disease subtypes based on initial clinical presentation and pathologic assessment, we retrospectively reviewed 81 patients with T‐PLL treated at our institution. We compared patients with T‐PLL who initially presented with a relatively indolent or stable disease course to those with an aggressive disease course. Clinicopathologic characteristics, overall survival (OS), and prognostic factors were analyzed. Patients with inactive disease had a significantly longer OS than patients with active disease. At diagnosis, presence of B symptoms, low hemoglobin, low platelet count, lymphocyte doubling time of fewer than 3 months, and abnormal cytogenetics were associated with shorter OS. Cell morphology, immunophenotype, absolute lymphocyte count, lactate dehydrogenase levels, involvement of liver, spleen, skin or central nervous system, presence of TCL1 rearrangement or inv (14)/t(14;14), presence of chromosome 8 abnormalities, and presence of deletion of 11q were not associated with significant OS difference among the patients. Receiving alemtuzumab as first‐line treatment and consolidation with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant were associated with better outcomes. T‐PLL inactive and active disease subtypes can exhibit overlapping yet different clinical and pathological features. We describe several prognostic factors at diagnosis that can be used for risk stratification and aid in guiding treatment decisions.