bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consideration of the thoracic phenotype of cerebro‐costo‐mandibular syndrome
Authors: Keeling Holly , Williams Elle‐Jo , Itasaki Nobue 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCerebro‐costo‐mandibular syndrome (CCMS) is a congenital condition with skeletal and orofacial abnormalities that often results in respiratory distress in neonates. The three main phenotypes in the thorax are posterior rib gaps, abnormal costovertebral articulation and absent ribs. Although the condition can be lethal, accurate diagnosis, and subsequent management help improve the survival rate. Mutations in the causative gene SNRPB have been identified, however, the mechanism whereby the skeletal phenotypes affect respiratory function is not well‐studied due to the multiple skeletal phenotypes, lack of anatomy‐based studies into the condition and rarity of CCMS cases. This review aims to clarify the extent to which the three main skeletal phenotypes in the thorax contribute to respiratory distress in neonates with CCMS. Despite the posterior rib gaps being unique to this condition and visually striking on radiographic images, anatomical consideration, and meta‐analyses suggested that they might not be the significant factor in causing respiratory distress in neonates. Rather, the increase in chest wall compliance due to the rib gaps and the decrease in compliance at the costovertebral complex was considered to result in an equilibrium, minimizing the impact of these abnormalities. The absence of floating ribs is likely insignificant as seen in the general population; however, a further absence of ribs or vestigial rib formation is associated with respiratory distress and increased lethality. Based on these, we propose to evaluate the number of absent or vestigial ribs as a priority indicator to develop a personalized treatment plan based on the phenotypes exhibited.
Genetic and lifestyle factors for breast cancer risk assessment in Southeast China
Authors: Zou Shuqing , Lin Yuxiang , Yu Xingxing , Eriksson Mikael , Lin Moufeng , Fu Fangmeng , Yang Haomin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite the rising incidence and mortality of breast cancer among women in China, there are currently few predictive models for breast cancer in the Chinese population and with low accuracy. This study aimed to identify major genetic and life‐style risk factors in a Chinese population for potential application in risk assessment models.MethodsA case–control study in southeast China was conducted including 1321 breast cancer patients and 2045 controls during 2013–2016, in which the data were randomly divided into a training set and a test set on a 7:3 scale. The association between genetic and life‐style factors and breast cancer was examined using logistic regression models. Using AUC curves, we also compared the performance of the logistic model to machine learning models, namely LASSO regression model and support vector machine (SVM), and the scores calculated from CKB, Gail and Tyrer–Cuzick models in the test set.ResultsAmong all factors considered, the best model was achieved when polygenetic risk score, lifestyle, and reproductive factors were considered jointly in the logistic regression model (AUC = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.70–0.77). The models created in this study performed better than those using scores calculated from the CKB, Gail, and Tyrer–Cuzick models. However, the logistic model and machine learning models did not significantly differ from one another.ConclusionIn summary, we have found genetic and lifestyle risk predictors for breast cancer with moderate discrimination, which might provide reference for breast cancer screening in southeast China. Further population‐based studies are needed to validate the model for future applications in personalized breast cancer screening programs.
HandDGCL: Two‐hand 3D reconstruction based disturbing graph contrastive learning
Authors: Han Bing , Yao Chao , Wang Xiaokun , Chang Jian , Ban Xiaojuan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractVirtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) applications are becoming increasingly prevalent. However, constructing realistic 3D hands, especially when two hands are interacting, from a single RGB image remains a major challenge due to severe mutual occlusion and the enormous diversity of hand poses. In this article, we propose a disturbing graph contrastive learning strategy for two‐hand 3D reconstruction. This involves a graph disturbance network designed to generate graph feature pairs to enhance the consistency of the two‐hand pose features. A contrastive learning module leverages high‐quality generative features for a strong feature expression. We further propose a similarity distinguish method to divide positive and negative features for accelerating the model convergence. Additionally, a multi‐term loss is designed to balance the relation among the hand pose, the visual scale and the viewpoint position. Our model has achieved state‐of‐the‐art results in the InterHand2.6M benchmark. Ablation studies show the model's great ability to correct unreasonable hand movements. In subjective assessments, our graph disturbance learning method significantly improves the construction of realistic 3D hands, especially when two hands are interacting.
Surgical treatment for the uncommon bi‐articular fracture of trapezium: A case report
Authors: Mohammed Sadougui , Mouncef Amahtil , Walid Bouziane , Amin Hamzaoui , Mohammed Benhammou , Abdelkrim Daoudi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTrapezium fracture is a rare condition that goes undetected and exposes to long‐term comorbidities: chronic pain and rhizartrosis. Our work aims to summarize the clinical presentation and improve leading to therapeutic guidelines which are not well established by reporting a case of ORIF with mini‐screws for a displaced fracture of the body of the trapezium with a satisfactory outcome.
Prosthetic management of an ocular defect utilizing a novel threaded iris fabrication technique
Authors: Dudley James , Pellew Jane , Jamayet Nafij Bin 
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical MessageThe conservative prosthodontic construction of an ocular prosthesis utilizing our novel threaded iris fabrication technique required high time and prosthodontic resource inputs and produced a lifelike aesthetic result.AbstractPatients with ocular defects frequently present with significant local anatomical deficiencies and complex histories and require extensive time and resource inputs to treat. This case report describes the conservative management of an ocular defect completed in a postgraduate prosthodontics clinical residency program utilizing a novel threaded iris fabrication technique.
Acid‐Base Synergistic Catalysis over Zn/Al Layered Double Oxides toward the Hydrolysis of Ethyl Carbonate under Mild Conditions
Authors: Zhao Ruikun , Feng Zhendong , Lv Ying , Li Guosong , Yan Peifang , Niu Jingyang , Gao Shuang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAmong many ethylene glycol (EG) synthetic methods, the ethylene carbonate (EC) route is preferred due to its extremely high EG selectivity and low H2O/EC ratio. In this work, a variety of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and layered double oxides (LDOs) were synthesized by the co‐precipitation method and evaluated as catalysts for this reaction. The Zn3Al‐LDO showed the highest catalytic activity under low H2O/EC ratio and mild conditions, and the EG yield of 93 %–99 % could be obtained at 100 °C for 3–4 h. This superior performance is attributed to the absence of the “memory effect”, allowing Zn3Al‐LDO to retain a significant number of base sites in the hydrolysis system. The active sites inhibition experiment proved that Zn3Al‐LDO is an acid‐base synergistic catalyst and the base sites are dominant. The catalyst can be recycled at least five times with calcination and activation to maintain excellent catalytic activity.
Ancient spring wheat production in Wyoming
Authors: Thapa Raksha K. , Eberle Carrie , Youngquist Caitlin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe ancient wheats einkorn (Triticum monococcum L.), emmer (Triticum turgidum L.), and spelt (Triticum spelta L.) are currently attracting renewed consumer interest due to their unique flavor profiles and high nutritional quality compared with modern bread (Triticum aestivum L.) and durum (Triticum durum L.) wheat. Ancient wheats are well suited for production in marginal lands and may be well adapted to Wyoming growing conditions. A 2‐year study was conducted in three locations in Wyoming (Powell, Sheridan, and Lingle, WY) under irrigated and rainfed conditions to identify the agronomic potential of spring planted spelt, emmer, and einkorn in Wyoming. Across locations, grain yields averaged 832 lbs acre−1 for einkorn, 1,492 lbs acre−1 for emmer, and 1064 lbs acre−1 for spelt with 14.7–15.9% protein. In 2017, irrigated spring wheat yield in Wyoming averaged 3642 lbs acre−1 and dryland yield averaged 1020 lbs acre−1. The Powell irrigated location was the highest yielding and perhaps the best suited for ancient wheat production. Continued research on variety selection and management is needed to further improve the yield and profitability of ancient wheats in Wyoming.
Caenorhabditis elegans septins contribute to the development and structure of the oogenic germline
Authors: Perry Jenna A. , Werner Michael E. , Rivenbark Larry , Maddox Amy Shaub 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOocytes must be exceptionally large cells in order to support embryonic development. Throughout animal phylogeny, a specialized cell called a syncytium, wherein many nuclei share a continuous cytoplasm, achieves oogenesis. The syncytial nature of germline architecture is key to its function and depends on conserved components of the cortical cytoskeleton. Septins form non‐polar cytoskeletal polymers that associate with membranes. In the syncytial germline of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, septins are highly enriched on the cortex and generally required for fertility, but the role of septins in the germline is poorly understood. We report that the C. elegans septins, UNC‐59 and UNC‐61, are important for germline extension during development, the maintenance of its syncytial architecture, and production of oocytes. While much of our findings substantiate the idea that the two C. elegans septins act together, we also found evidence that they have distinct functions. Loss of UNC‐61 perturbed germline extension during germline development, while the loss of UNC‐59 function severely affected germline architecture in adult hermaphrodites. Consultation of clustering results from a large‐scale high‐throughput screen suggested that septins are involved in germ cell proliferation and/or differentiation. In sum, our findings implicate a conserved cytoskeletal component in the complex architecture of a germline syncytium.
Assessment of glutathione peroxidase enzyme response and total antioxidant status in oral cancer – Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Mohideen Khadijah , Jeddy Nadeem , Krithika C. , Faizee Shahul Hameed , Dhungel Safal , Ghosh Snehashish 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundOxidative stress induced by free radical accumulation contributes to many pathologies, including cancer. Antioxidant defense system fails to scavenge free radicals when it is excessively accumulated. Assessing individual antioxidant enzymes and total antioxidant capacity could direct the customized therapeutic strategies.ObjectiveEvaluation of total antioxidant status and enzyme glutathione peroxidase activity in the oral cancer group compared to the healthy control group.MethodThe literature search included databases PubMed, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library, Cochrane and Cross Reference between 1999 and 2021. The database search was completed in the month of August 2022. The extracted data were analyzed by Comprehensive Meta‐Analysis (CMA) version 3 software (Biostat Inc. Englewood, NJ). Based on search strategies, 1435 articles have been retrieved from the database. In the segregated articles, 1365 were excluded due to duplicated articles, animal studies, low‐quality studies, articles unrelated to the research question, and with unmatched objectives. Based on inclusion criteria, 70 articles were selected for full‐text valuation. However, 33 articles were found highly suitable for inclusion and data extraction. Finally, 11 articles were selected for meta‐analysis.ResultsThe meta‐analysis of four included studies of tissue samples showed a significantly (p < .001) increased GPx activity in the oral cancer group, when compared to the control group, whereas three included studies of erythrocyte samples displayed a significantly (p < .001) decreased GPx activity in the oral cancer group than the control group with the pooled standardized mean difference value of −2.766 moles/min/g Hb at 95% CI (−3.297 to −2.234). The meta‐analysis of the included studies depicted an insignificant (p = .947) reduction of salivary TAS levels in the oral cancer group when compared to the control group.ConclusionOur systematic review and meta‐analysis depict antioxidant GPx enzyme activity in the regional tissue samples of the oral cancer group differs from other systemic biological fluid samples compared to the healthy control group.
Variational methods for a singular SPDE yielding the universality of the magnetization ripple
Authors: Ignat Radu , Otto Felix , Ried Tobias , Tsatsoulis Pavlos 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe magnetization ripple is a microstructure formed in thin ferromagnetic films. It can be described by minimizers of a nonconvex energy functional leading to a nonlocal and nonlinear elliptic SPDE in two dimensions driven by white noise, which is singular. We address the universal character of the magnetization ripple using variational methods based on Γ‐convergence. Due to the infinite energy of the system, the (random) energy functional has to be renormalized. Using the topology of Γ‐convergence, we give a sense to the law of the renormalized functional that is independent of the way white noise is approximated. More precisely, this universality holds in the class of (not necessarily Gaussian) approximations to white noise satisfying the spectral gap inequality, which allows us to obtain sharp stochastic estimates. As a corollary, we obtain the existence of minimizers with optimal regularity.
Underwater acoustic sensor networks: Taxonomy on applications, architectures, localization methods, deployment techniques, routing techniques, and threats: A systematic review
Authors: Gola Kamal Kumar , Arya Shikha 
Published: June 2023

SummaryWireless information routing beneath the ocean, or usually underwater, has supplied the most excellent technical methods of oceanic observations. Traditionally, ocean bottoms have been monitored by placing oceanographic sensors that collect data at specific and defined ocean zones. When the duties are performed, the oceanographic instruments are recovered. Because there is no collaborative exchange of collected data between the collecting point and the monitoring end, data cannot be observed remotely. Underwater sensor networks can be wirelessly connected with sensors and monitors without extensive cable. Underwater wireless sensor networks are what they are called (UWSNs). This article investigates the various aspects of UWSNs, such as their significance, applications, network design, demands, routing, deployments and challenges.
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing predicts prognosis in amyloid cardiomyopathy: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Cantone Anna , Serenelli Matteo , Sanguettoli Federico , Maio Daniele , Fabbri Gioele , Dal Passo Beatrice , Agostoni Piergiuseppe , Grazzi Giovanni , Campo Gianluca , Rapezzi Claudio 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe clinical value of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is uncertain. Due to the growing prevalence of the disease and the current availability of disease‐modifying drugs, prognostic stratification is becoming fundamental to optimizing the cost‐effectiveness of treatment, patient phenotyping, follow‐up, and management. Peak VO2 and VE/VCO2 slope are currently the most studied CPET variables in clinical settings, and both demonstrate substantial, independent prognostic value in several cardiovascular diseases. We aim to study the association of peak VO2 and VE/VCO2 slope with prognosis in patients with CA.Methods and resultsWe performed a systematic review and searched for clinical studies performing CPET for prognostication in patients with transthyretin‐CA and light‐chain‐CA. Studies reporting hazard ratio (HR) for mortality and peak VO2 or VE/VCO2 slope were further selected for quantitative analysis. HRs were pooled using a random‐effect model. Five studies were selected for qualitative and three for quantitative analysis. A total of 233 patients were included in the meta‐analysis. Mean peak VO2 resulted consistently depressed, and VE/VCO2 slope was increased. Our pooled analysis showed peak VO2 (pooled HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.84–0.94) and VE/VCO2 slope (pooled HR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01–1.07) were significantly associated with the risk of death in CA patients, with no significant statistical heterogeneity for both analyses.ConclusionsCPET is a valuable tool for prognostic stratification in CA, identifying patients at increased risk of death. Large prospective clinical trials are needed to confirm this exploratory finding.
Dietary magnesium is able to influence the relationship between vitamin C and estimated glomerular filtration rate: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Lin Zheng‐yang , Liang Yong‐yi , Wang Ru , Hu Biao , He Wen‐ju , Li Jun‐kui , Ding Zi‐ang , Lin Zhuo‐yuan , Zhang Shi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is a comprehensive index that is widely used to assess renal function. Although studies have confirmed a correlation between eGFR and dietary vitamin C, the impact of varying levels of vitamin C on eGFR remains unclear. Additionally, the interaction between dietary magnesium intake and vitamin C concentration on eGFR is not well understood. As such, the objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between dietary magnesium intake and vitamin C in relation to eGFR. This study analyzed the data of consecutive NHANES from 2005 to 2018. We included 17,633 participants aged 20 or older and used multiple linear regression analysis to evaluate the relationship between dietary vitamin C and eGFR. Dietary Mg intake from experimental data was dichotomized into a low dietary Mg intake group (≤254 mg/day) and a normal dietary Mg intake group (>254 mg/day). To evaluate the impact of dietary magnesium intake on eGFR, a multivariable linear regression was conducted utilizing an interaction test between dietary vitamin C and eGFR. We discovered a positive association between dietary vitamin C content and eGFR. The relationship between dietary vitamin C levels and eGFR differed between individuals with low Mg intake and those with normal Mg intake (β: 2.96 95% CI:1.63 ~ 4.29 vs. β: 1.05 95% CI: −0.15 to 2.25), and the positive association of high dietary vitamin C content with eGFR was stronger in the low Mg intake group. Furthermore, we observed that dietary magnesium intake significantly altered the positive association between dietary vitamin C and eGFR (interaction value of 0.020). Our experimental study revealed that the interaction between dietary magnesium and dietary vitamin C can significantly impact eGFR. This finding carries significant implications for the treatment of diseases resulting from abnormal eGFR, as well as the selection of clinically relevant drugs.
FGFR1 gene fusions in a subset of pediatric mesenchymal tumors: Expanding the genetic spectrum of tumors sharing histologic overlap with infantile fibrosarcoma and “NTRK‐rearranged” spindle cell neoplasms
Authors: Warmke Laura M. , Al‐Ibraheemi Alyaa , Wang Larry , Parham David , Rudzinski Erin R. , Stohr Bradley A. , Miles Carina , Habeeb Omar , Davis Jessica L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAs the classification of kinase‐driven spindle cell tumors continues to evolve, we describe the first series of pediatric mesenchymal tumors harboring FGFR1 gene fusions that share histologic overlap with infantile fibrosarcoma and “NTRK‐rearranged” spindle cell neoplasms. Herein, we present three cases of FGFR1‐rearranged pediatric mesenchymal tumors, including one case with FGFR1::PARD6B gene fusion and two cases with FGFR1::EBF2 gene fusion. The tumors involved infants ranging from 3 to 9 months in age with a male‐to‐female ratio of 2:1. All tumors involved the deep soft tissue of the gluteal, pelvic, or perirectal region. Histologically, the tumors comprised a cellular spindle cell neoplasm with primitive stellate cells, focal myxoid stroma, focal epithelioid features, no necrosis, and occasional mitotic figures (2–6 per 10 high‐power field). By immunohistochemistry, the neoplastic cells focally expressed CD34 but lacked expression of S100 protein, SMA, desmin, myogenin, MyoD1, pan‐TRK, and ALK. These three cases, including a case with long‐term clinical follow‐up, demonstrate that FGFR1 fusions occur in a subset of newly described pediatric kinase‐driven mesenchymal tumors with locally aggressive behavior. Importantly, knowledge of these genetic alterations in this spectrum of pediatric tumors is key for diagnostic and targeted therapeutic purposes.
Thermal performance investigation of finned latent heat storage of shell‐and‐tube, shell‐and‐nozzle, and shell‐and‐reducer models
Authors: Hasan Hiba A. , Hassoon Atheer S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThree models of latent heat storage with circular fins were studied numerically and experimentally in this paper. The models were shell‐and‐tube, shell‐and‐nozzle, and shell‐and‐reducer. These models were investigated for two different inlets of heat transfer fluid (HTF), from the bottom and top of the models, so the number of studied cases was six. The results of the comparison between the cases showed that the different HTF inlet with a fixed mass flow rate greatly affects the completion time of the melting process; the bottom inlet of HTF accelerates the melting compared to the top inlet because it enhances the role of natural convection. Compared with shell‐and‐tube with bottom HTF inlet, the shell‐and‐nozzle with bottom inlet reduces the melting time by 11.2%, while the shell‐and‐reducer with bottom inlet delays the melting by 24%. The results of the top HTF inlet cases showed that shell‐and‐nozzle delays the melting by 16% compared with shell‐and‐tube, while the melting is not completed in shell‐and‐reducer. Shell‐and‐nozzle with a bottom HTF inlet shows the shortest melting time and the best thermal performance among all the other cases due to the geometric design of the model. On comparing the numerical and experimental results, good agreement was found between them.