bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Piloting the integration of SMART Recovery into outpatient alcohol and other drug treatment programs
Authors: Manning V. , Roxburgh A. D. , Savic M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Research suggests peer support groups can amplify and extend treatment effects and enhance long-term recovery from Alcohol and Other Drug (AOD) problems. However, they are rarely integrated into outpatient treatment programs, resulting in a missed opportunity for peer-to-peer learning, and increased connection to others social networks where people want to reduce or cease substance use.

Method
In this mixed-methods study, we examined the uptake, participant experiences and impacts of Self-Management and Recovery Training (SMART) when embedded in three public AOD treatment programs in a pilot program in Australia. Groups were delivered initially in-person but transitioned online during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results
A total of 75 SMART Recovery groups were run by the pilot sites, with an average attendance of 6.5 people per meeting. Among Participants (N = 31) who completed the survey, 94% reported benefits relating to substance use (i.e., reduction/ successful maintenance of abstinence), 71% reported improvements in their mental health and wellbeing, 74% reported improvements in their physical health, and 81% reported feeling better connected with others. In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with 10 participants to explore their experiences. Thematic analysis revealed four themes: motivation to attend, active ingredients, views on the integration of SMART into formal AOD, and the advantages and disadvantages of online groups.

Conclusion
Taken together, these findings suggest embedding SMART Recovery in AOD treatment is a worthwhile endeavour. This was indicated by a good uptake and evidence of multiple and unique benefits to participants over and above their usual care, notably, better management of their AOD use, health, wellbeing, and sense of connection with others.
Exploring the role of autistic traits and eating disorder psychopathology on mentalising ability in the general population
Authors: Fithall Kate , Gray Indigo E , Linardon Jake , Phillipou Andrea , Donaldson Peter H , Albein-Urios Natalia , Enticott Peter G , Fuller-Tyszkiewicz Matthew , Kirkovski Melissa 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
This study evaluated the role of overlapping traits and characteristics related to autism spectrum disorder (autism) and anorexia nervosa (AN) in the general population, and the impact of these traits on mentalising ability.

Methods
A sample of young adults (N = 306), aged 18–25 years, was recruited to complete an online study that consisted of 4 measures: the Autism-Spectrum Quotient, Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire, the Mentalization Scale, and the Reading the Mind in the Eyes task.

Results
Higher levels of autistic traits, particularly difficulty with attention switching, were associated with increased eating disorder psychopathology. Overall, autistic traits and eating disorder psychopathology were related among females, but not males. Difficulty with attention switching, however, was related to eating disorder psychopathology among both females and males. Autistic traits also appear to have a greater role in mentalising ability than does eating disorder psychopathology.

Conclusion
The role of attention switching in overlapping traits of autism and eating disorder psychopathology needs to be more comprehensively evaluated by future research, as does the role of biological sex. Expanded knowledge in this field will help to better understand and evaluate symptoms at presentation, leading to clearer diagnoses and potentially better treatment outcomes.
Effects of lifestyle physical activity and sedentary behaviour interventions on disease activity and patient- and clinician- important health outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Brady Sophia M. , Veldhuijzen van Zanten Jet J. C. S. , Dinas Petros C. , Nightingale Tom E. , Metsios George S. , Elmsmari Saleh M. A. , Duda Joan L. , Kitas George D. , Fenton Sally A. M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Lifestyle physical activity (PA) is defined as any type of PA undertaken as part of daily life. It can include engagement in activities of daily living (i.e., household chores, gardening, walking to work), incidental PA, walking and/or reducing sedentary or sitting behaviours (SB). Regular PA is recommended for people with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) to reduce disease activity and systemic inflammation, as well as to improve patient- and clinician-important health outcomes. However, there is no summarised evidence of the effectiveness of interventions specifically targeting lifestyle PA and SB in this population. The aims of this systematic review with meta-analysis were to evaluate interventions targeting lifestyle PA and/or SB on 1) disease activity; 2) PA, SB and 3) patient- and clinician-important outcomes in people with RA.

Methods
Eight databases [Medline, Cochrane Library CENTRAL, Web of Science, PsychINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature, Scopus, Excerpta Medica database and Physiotherapy Evidence Database] were searched from inception-August 2022. Inclusion criteria required interventions to target lifestyle PA and/or SB, conducted in adults with RA, assessing patient- and/or clinician-important outcomes.

Results
Of 880 relevant articles, 16 interventions met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analyses showed statistically significant effects of interventions on disease activity (standardised mean difference = -0.12 (95% confidence interval = -0.23 to -0.01, I2 = 6%, z = 2.19, p = .03), moderate-to-vigorous PA, light/leisure PA, steps, functional ability, and fatigue. Whereas, no intervention effects were visualised for total PA, pain, anxiety or quality of life.

Conclusions
Lifestyle PA interventions led to increased PA, reductions in SB and improvements in disease activity and other patient- and/or clinician-important health outcomes in people with RA. Future interventions should be less heterogenous in content, structure, focus and outcome measures used to aid understanding of the most effective intervention components for improving health. More SB interventions are needed to determine their effectiveness at producing clinical benefits.
Toxoplasma gondii adhesion and apoptosis of chicken erythrocytes
Authors: Li Chenghuan , Zhang Xiaohan , Sang Xiaoyu , He Yanhong , EI-Ashram Saeed , Ding Yingying , Jiang Tiantian , Yang Na 
Published: September 2023

AbstractToxoplasma gondii is thought to infect all nucleated cells in warm-blooded animals, including poultry, mammals, and humans. However, it is unclear whether T. gondii can infect chicken erythrocytes due to the nucleated nature of these cells. Due to the special role of chicken erythrocytes in innate immunity, we investigated the cell‒cell interaction between T. gondii and erythrocytes to elucidate the role of chicken erythrocytes in T. gondii infection. Cellular apoptosis was analyzed by transwell assay and flow cytometry. An immunofluorescence method was used to examine the reorganization of vimentin during T. gondii infection in both Vero cells and chicken erythrocytes. The reorganization of actin was evaluated to further examine the invasion capacity of tachyzoites on chicken erythrocytes during infection. We discovered that T. gondii can adhere to but not invade chicken erythrocytes and eventually cause apoptosis in chicken erythrocytes. When tachyzoites were cocultured with chicken erythrocytes in vitro, the transcriptional levels of T. gondii MIC3, ROP16, and ROP18 were significantly decreased. In addition, the rearrangement of host cell vimentin, a type III cytoskeleton protein regulated by T. gondii infection, was not observed. Similarly, the parasite-induced ring-shaped actin structure was not formed in the host-parasite junction. T. gondii (RH strain) tachyzoites preferentially invaded Vero cells and replicated in chicken blood monocytes, but they were not found in chicken erythrocytes. These findings showed that although T. gondii could attach to the surface of chicken erythrocytes, but couldn’t invade successfully. Interestingly, we found that the T. gondii secretome, lysates, and intact tachyzoites could cause apoptosis of chicken erythrocytes, which suggested a complex mechanism involved in the apoptosis of chicken erythrocytes induced by T. gondii. This study elucidated that T. gondii could not infect nucleated chicken erythrocytes and enriched our understanding of the transmission mechanism of T. gondii among avian species.
The qualities of patients interested in using a game-based digital mental health intervention for depression: a sequential mixed methods study
Authors: Lukka Lauri , Salonen Antti , Vesterinen Maria , Karhulahti Veli-Matti , Palva Satu , Palva J. Matias 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Digital interventions are typically evaluated by their effectiveness and engagement, while the characteristics of patients who perceive them to be attractive have remained poorly understood. This challenges user-centered intervention development but also presents an avenue to improve intervention efficacy and engagement. Our objective was to characterize people to whom game-based interventions appeal to with a focus on their mental health backgrounds and prior digital game experiences.

Methods
We performed a sequential mixed methods study with adults suffering from major depressive disorder (MDD) who participated in a randomized controlled clinical trial studying the effectiveness of a game-based digital intervention for depression. First, randomly chosen participants were interviewed (N = 22), and the transcribed data were analyzed inductively. Then, focusing on the themes established through the interview data, we triangulated the findings using complementary questionnaire data (N = 445).

Results
The interview data yielded four themes that we illuminated with quantified questionnaire data. (T1) The participants had enduring and diverse psychiatric symptomology: 73% had been diagnosed with a comorbid disorder in addition to depression. (T2) Participants had received at least some treatments that had not led to full remission of depression. 92% currently received therapeutic support, psychiatric medication, or both. (T3) Many participants had close relationships with digital gaming and played actively: on average, for 13 h a week on various gaming platforms and in various genres. (T4) Some participants used gaming to manage their psychiatric symptoms, and 76% found that playing helped them feel better.

Conclusions
Identifying and characterizing people attracted to game-based therapeutic interventions can catalyze intervention development and improve their efficacy. We found that game-based interventions have appealing potential across diverse psychiatric symptoms and for people with prior or existing treatments. Game-based interventions may appeal particularly to active players and offer a promising alternative to the self-treatment usage of entertainment games.
The role of work–family conflict in the association between long working hours and workers’ sleep disturbance and burnout: results from the sixth Korean Working Conditions Survey
Authors: Baek Seong-Uk , Won Jong-Uk , Yoon Jin-Ha 
Published: September 2023

Background
The effect of long working hours on mental health has drawn great social attention in recent years.

Aims
We investigated how work–family conflict mediates the associations between long working hours and sleep disturbance and burnout.

Method
We included 19 159 individuals from a nationally representative sample of workers in South Korea. We decomposed the total effect into a direct effect (long working hours → sleep disturbance or burnout) and an indirect effect (long working hours → work–family conflict → sleep disturbance or burnout). Logistic mediation models were used.

Results
Long working hours were associated with increased risks of work–family conflict, sleep disturbance and burnout. The longer the working hours, the stronger the direct and indirect effects. The odds ratios of the direct effects of long working hours on sleep disturbance were 1.64 (95% CI 1.39–1.95) for 49–54 h/week and 1.66 (95% CI 1.37–2.01) for ≥55 h/week; those of the indirect effects were 1.16 (95% CI 1.12–1.21) for 49–54 h/week and 1.27 (95% CI 1.21–1.33) for ≥ 55 h/week. Similarly, odds ratios of the direct effects of long working hours on burnout were 1.18 (95% CI 1.05–1.33) for 49–54 h/week and 1.20 (95% CI 1.04–1.37) for ≥55 h/week; those of the indirect effects were 1.11 (95% CI 1.09–1.15) for 49–54 h/week and 1.20 (95% CI 1.16–1.24) for ≥55 h/week.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that work–family conflict mediates the associations between long working hours and sleep disturbance and burnout. Longitudinal studies should be followed to confirm the causal relationship.
Effects of Sex Hormones on Vascular Reactivity in Boys With Hypospadias
Authors: Lucas-Herald Angela K , Montezano Augusto C , Alves-Lopes Rheure , Haddow Laura , O’Toole Stuart , Flett Martyn , Lee Boma , Amjad S Basith , Steven Mairi , McNeilly Jane , Brooksbank Katriona , Touyz Rhian M , Ahmed S Faisal 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Arteries from boys with hypospadias demonstrate hypercontractility and impaired vasorelaxation. The role of sex hormones in these responses in unclear.

Aims
We compared effects of sex steroids on vascular reactivity in healthy boys and boys with hypospadias.

Methods
Excess foreskin tissue was obtained from 11 boys undergoing hypospadias repair (cases) and 12 undergoing routine circumcision (controls) (median age [range], 1.5 [1.2-2.7] years) and small resistance arteries were isolated. Vessels were mounted on wire myographs and vascular reactivity was assessed in the absence/presence of 17β-estradiol, dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and testosterone.

Results
In controls, testosterone and 17β-estradiol increased contraction (percent of maximum contraction [Emax]: 83.74 basal vs 125.4 after testosterone, P &lt; .0002; and 83.74 vs 110.2 after estradiol, P = .02). 17β-estradiol reduced vasorelaxation in arteries from controls (Emax: 10.6 vs 15.6 to acetylcholine, P &lt; .0001; and Emax: 14.6 vs 20.5 to sodium nitroprusside, P &lt; .0001). In hypospadias, testosterone (Emax: 137.9 vs 107.2, P = .01) and 17β-estradiol (Emax: 156.9 vs 23.6, P &lt; .0001) reduced contraction. Androgens, but not 17β-estradiol, increased endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasorelaxation in cases (Emax: 77.3 vs 51.7 with testosterone, P = .02; and vs 48.2 with DHT to acetylcholine, P = .0001; Emax: 43.0 vs 39.5 with testosterone, P = .02; and 39.6 vs 37.5 with DHT to sodium nitroprusside, P = .04).

Conclusion
In healthy boys, testosterone and 17β-estradiol promote a vasoconstrictor phenotype, whereas in boys with hypospadias, these sex hormones reduce vasoconstriction, with androgens promoting vasorelaxation. Differences in baseline artery function may therefore be sex hormone-independent and the impact of early-life variations in androgen exposure on vascular function needs further study.
Starvation selection reduces and delays larval ecdysone production and signaling
Authors: Clark Jennifer M. , Gibbs Allen G. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Previous studies have shown that selection for starvation resistance in Drosophila melanogaster results in delayed eclosion and increased adult fat stores. It is assumed that these traits are caused by the starvation selection pressure, but its mechanism is unknown. We found that our starvation-selected (SS) population stores more fat during larval development and has extended larval development and pupal development time. Developmental checkpoints in the third instar associated with ecdysteroid hormone pulses are increasingly delayed. The delay in the late larval period seen in the SS population is indicative of reduced and delayed ecdysone signaling. An enzyme immunoassay for ecdysteroids (with greatest affinity to the metabolically active 20-hydroxyecdysone and the α-ecdysone precursor) confirmed that the SS population had reduced and delayed hormone production compared with that of fed control (FC) flies. Feeding third instar larvae on food supplemented with α-ecdysone partially rescued the developmental delay and reduced subsequent adult starvation resistance. This work suggests that starvation selection causes reduced and delayed production of ecdysteroids in the larval stage and affects the developmental delay phenotype that contributes to subsequent adult fat storage and starvation resistance.
Implementing a Sports Ultrasound Curriculum in Undergraduate Medical Education
Authors: Schroeder Allison N. , Amin Idris , Bowen Brady J. , Callender Shelley S. , Ferderber Megan , Kerr Hamish A. , Phillips Shawn F. , Romero Joshua M. , Rudolph Lauren , Vidlock Kathryn , Waterbrook Anna L. , Kruse Ryan C. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The utilization of sports ultrasound in the clinical practice of sports medicine physicians is growing rapidly. Simultaneously, ultrasound is being increasingly implemented as a teaching tool in undergraduate medical education. However, a sports ultrasound curriculum for medical students has not been previously described. In this article, we describe methods as well as barriers to implementing a sports ultrasound curriculum at the medical school level. Recommended content for the curriculum also is discussed. While educational goals and resources will vary among institutions, this article may serve as a general roadmap for the creation of a successful curriculum.
MASTERING TECHNICAL ENGLISH AT A FOREIGN LANGUAGE LESSONS IN A PROFESSIONAL EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATION (FROM WORK EXPERIENCE). LEARNING TECHNICAL ENGLISH
Authors: Slepkova Faina T. 
Published: September 2023

The article discusses fragments of teaching technical English in the
vocational education system from the experience of a teacher, specifically by
profession "Welder (manual and partially mechanized welding (surfacing))."
Mastering technical vocabulary at the initial stage goes through reading instructions
for the operation of household appliances in Russian, to hear and see the style of
technical translation, and only then do students proceed to reading the instruction
manual for professional tools and equipment in English, which makes it easier to
understand the foreign language text.
A dimensão normativa da ética no Serviço Social
Authors: Mirales Rosana Mirales 
Published: September 2023

O objeto de pesquisa que gerou material de análise para este artigo é a ética, compreendida como uma dimensão da práxis humana, uma capacidade do ser social que projeta a emancipação humana. O objetivo do artigo é refletir sobre a emancipação humana, na particularidade da ética no contexto profissional. Serão apresentados alguns resultados sintetizados da investigação realizada no Cress-PR, por meio de pesquisa documental com os processos de denúncia de infração ética do período de 2013 a 2018, quando se observou o processamento de denúncias de infrações éticas no Serviço Social. Para nortear a pesquisa documental do material no Cress-PR, realizada mediante parecer de ética em pesquisa, foi realizada revisão bibliográfica, identificando elementos que fundamentam o debate sobre ética na tradição marxiana, considerado o acervo do Serviço Social sobre o tema. Palavras-Chave: emancipação; ética; práxis; processos éticos; serviço social.
Quem é velho e quem é idoso no capitalismo contemporâneo? Reflexões sobre o envelhecimento de mulheres trabalhadoras
Authors: Lemos Amanda Dos S. Lemos 
Published: September 2023

O envelhecimento populacional é uma realidade hoje. Vários são os fatores que permitiram essa conquista. Entretanto, a cada dia se intensificam os debates sobre o longeviver e o longeviver com dignidade. Apesar de ser um processo natural, muitos poderão ser os fatores sociais que agirão no processo do envelhecimento e na sua vivência. Dentro dessa perspectiva alguns grupos despertam preocupação, em função de como vivem a juventude e a fase adulta, o que impactará diretamente na sua velhice. Dentre esses grupos, chamamos atenção para a situação das (ex)trabalhadoras domésticas negras, a partir da experiência com institucionalização de pessoas idosas. À medida que nos aprofundamos nas peculiaridades da vida da classe trabalhadora, mais é válido questionarmos quem é velho e quem é idoso na sociedade brasileira. Palavras-Chave: envelhecimento; raça; etnia; classe trabalhadora; trabalho doméstico; capitalismo contemporâneo.
Contrarreformas da previdência no Brasil: expropriação dos direitos de docentes
Authors: Gonçalves André de Menezes , Melo Ana Isabel Souto , Carvalho Lilian Nascimento , Da Silva Maria Raisa Gomes 
Published: September 2023

O texto objetiva debater as contrarreformas da previdência brasileira no cenário contemporâneo e porque a categoria de docentes dos ensinos fundamental, médio e superior é uma das mais atingidas com a perda de direitos. Apresenta os fatores que fundam a previdência e sua inserção na seguridade social. Aborda o processo de expropriação dos direitos da classe trabalhadora em decorrência das contrarreformas ao longo de governos no pós-1988 e os impactos da contrarreforma da previdência do governo Bolsonaro sobre os direitos dos professores. A análise apresenta uma abordagem histórico-crítica e foi construída por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Considera-se que os docentes integram uma das categorias mais impactadas com a retirada de direitos: redução de salários por meio do novo cálculo, estabelecimento da idade mínima e do tempo de contribuição, assim como em aspectos relacionados à perspectiva de gênero. Palavras-Chave: política de previdência; seguridade social; contrarreforma da previdência; docentes.
A Fiocruz e sua criatura: o nascimento da fundação de apoio privado
Authors: Reis Tiago Siqueira 
Published: September 2023

O presente artigo analisa a trajetória política e institucional da Fiocruz entre os anos de 1988 e 2003, quando se discutiu internamente a elaboração do novo estatuto social, especialmente a definição do novo modelo jurídico e gerencial. Para tanto, discutiremos, a partir da participação dos membros da Fiocruz durante a realização dos congressos internos da entidade, quais alternativas, projetos e escolhas foram traçados para a confecção do projeto institucional. Demonstramos como a Fiocruz se relacionou com a reforma do Estado do governo de Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995-98) e com diferentes modelos de gestão de natureza flexível e privada. Nesse sentido, argumentamos que a criação da fundação de apoio privado faz parte do projeto institucional de flexibilização jurídica e gerencial da Fiocruz, construído coletivamente no âmbito interno, mantendo-se, assim, organicamente o público e o privado em uma só identidade. Palavras-Chave: fundação de apoio privado; Fiocruz; modelo de gestão.