bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of computationally-guided workflow for designing therapeutic phage cocktail: targeting multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria
Authors: Nawaz Rabia , Husnain Ali , Ali Muhammad , Sajjad Moin , Ahad Ammara , Shahid Muhammad , Mehmood Uqba , Abrar Samyyia , Khan Idrees 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background:
Antibiotic misuse and overuse have contributed to the emergence of multi-drug resistant bacteria (MDR), a serious public health problem across the globe. Phage cocktails, which combine several phages to destroy various bacterial strains, offer a more thorough and efficient method of battling MDR illnesses. This might revolutionize the looming threat of reemergence of untreatable bacterial diseases. To provide a focused strategy to tackle the rising incidence of MDR bacterial infections, a phage cocktail against Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was intended to be made computationally. Predicting a group of prophages which can successfully lyse and disrupt these three MDR bacterial strains and might help to lessen the severity and occurrence of illnesses caused by these notorious pathogens.
Methods:
The genomes of selected MDR bacteria were accessed through NCBI GenBank, and prophages targeting them were selected. The prophages were further annotated for ORFs, putative promotors, virulence factors, transcriptional terminators, and tRNAs. Dot plot was created to investigate the similar phages and phylogenetic analysis was performed.
Results:
A total of 11 prophages were predicted from three MDR bacterial genomes, the investigation identified 472 ORFs and CDS, rRNA, and tRNA regions in 11 prophage genomes were predicted. The presence of 3 tRNAs encoded by the predicted prophages suggests a possible reliance on the host translation machinery for protein synthesis. The presence of transcription terminators and promotors were detected to understand the transcriptional and translational regulation of prophage genes. The comparative genomic and phylogenetic analyses of predicted prophages provided important insights into diversity and relatedness of the phages. The final selected five prophages included Acinetobacter baumannii prophage (2759376-2809756), Acinetobacter baumannii prophage (3311844-3364667), Klebsiella pneumoniae (1288317-1338719), Klebsiella pneumoniae prophage (1778306-1808606), and Klebsiella pneumoniae prophage (2280703-2325555).
Conclusion:
In conclusion, our work provides an example of developing a phage cocktail to combat multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Sequence similarity analyses revealed that the cocktail is capable of targeting Enterobacter hormaechei and other carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae strains also. The phage cocktail indicates the possibility of being employed as a therapeutic agent for reducing harmful bacterial infections, where conventional antibiotic therapeutics fail.
Prediction of Cadmium Content Using Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Keçeci Mehmet , Gökmen fatih , Usul Mustafa , Koca Celal , Uygur veli 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Heavy metals are the most environmentally hazardous pollution type in agricultural soils, threatening human and ecological health. Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic element but distinctively different with its high mobility in soil environments. The study aimed to evaluate the Cd concentration of Konya plain soils with a specific attribute to soil fertilization practices, mainly phosphorous fertilizers. A total of 538 surface (0-20 cm) soil samples were analysed for the routine soil properties and total phosphorus (P) and Cd. Descriptive statistics, machine learning and regression models considered the accumulation of Cd in soils. Among the MARS, Decision Trees, Linear Regression, Random Forest, and XGBoost machine learning methods used in Cd prediction, the XGBoost model proved to be the best prediction model with a coefficient of determination of 98.1%. EC, pH, CaCO3, silt, and P2O5, which are the soil components used in Cd estimation of XGBoost model, explained 56.51% of the total variance in relation to measured soil properties. Therefore machine learning processes could be a useful tool to estimate the nature of an element in the soils of a specific region by using routine soil properties.
Combined Neurosurgical and Endovascular Management of Complicated Skull Base Cerebral Aneurysms In Emergency Center
Authors: Radanović Dražen , Kaluđerović Dea , Peić Kristina , Stojiljković Aleksandra , Savić Andrija , Matić Sniša , Kolašinac Enes , Pajić Srbislav , Jakovljević Sofija , Elboursh Dušan , Bogosavljević Đurđina , Čukić Bojan , Mirčić Uroš 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Intracranial aneurysms are the main caus of subarachnoid haemorrhage. Most patients with ruptured aneurysms are between 30 and 60 years of age, and the mortality rate is about 50% in the first month after the rupture. Diagnosis and treatment of multiple brain aneurysms still vary from institutions, physicians and individual patients, lacking a defined course of differential diagnosis, risk of rupture and rebleed evaluation and treatment. For multiple intracranial aneurysms, there are currently no unanimous and infallible guidelines for assessing the risk of rupture, recurrent bleeding, or harmonized treatment methods.
Aim: To show the prevalence of multiple aneurysms in the population presenting to the Emergency Center and potentially indicate the right modality of treatment.
Material and methods: The study included 304 patients who were treated for neuroradiologically verified cerebrovascular aneurysms in the Emergency Center of the University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade.
Results: Out of a total of 304 patients diagnosed with intracranial aneurysms, 85 (27,97%) patients were diagnosed with multiple intracranial aneurysms, 85,9% female, 14,1% male. Two aneurysms were recorded in 52 patients (61,2%), 18 patients (21,2%) had 3 aneurysms, 9 patients (10,9%) had 4 aneurysms, and 6 patients (7,06%) were diagnosed with 5 or more aneurysms.
Conslusion: Multiple intracranial aneurysms in our study were present predominantly amongst women. The most frequent localization is ACI followed by ACM, ACoA, AB, while the other arteries were represented in to a very small number of respondents. Endovascular treatment methods are the most prevalent.
Uneven shapes formation mechanism of heavy plate during vertical rolling
Authors: RUAN Jinhua , XIANG Boyang , GUO Wanfu , ZHANG Lisheng , LONG Ding , WANG Zhigang , WANG Yanan , MENG Qingda 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper clarified the formation mechanism of the uneven shapes of a wide and heavy plate during vertical rolling (edging). Coordinate movements of material from the plate length center were constrained by both the rolled part and the to-be-rolled part during the steady edging phase. Then the higher dog-bone height and the shorter dog-bone length were formed around plate length center part, comparing to dog-bone shapes formed at plate head and plate tail. During the plate head edging phase, the main plastic deformation zone extended from the roller-plate contact zone to the plate head. Only the to-be-rolled part constrained deformation of material from the main plastic deformation zone, so it was easier for material flew into its width direction as well as its length direction than it did during the steady edging phase. Coordinate movements of the rolled material led to the width shortage around the plate head zone and increased the plate head concave shape. During the plate tail edging phase, the main plastic deformation zone extended from the roller-plate contact zone to the plate tail. Deformation constrain from the to-be rolled part disappeared gradually while that from the rolled part worked through the plate tail edging. Material of the main deformation zone flew into its width direction as well as its length direction more easily than it did during the steady edging too. Coordinate movements of the to-be rolled material increased the plate tail concave shape. The research results provided deep understanding for SSC in plate/strip edging and guidelines to develop new methods for plate/strip plan view pattern control.
Evaluation on electrochemical properties of lithium ions battery-based PMMA-PLA blend incorporation of [EDIMP]TFSI hybrid gel polymer electrolyte
Authors: Mazuki N. F. , Kufian M. Z. , Samsudin A. S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study focuses on developing a novel hybrid gel polymer electrolyte (HGPEs) for lithium-ion batteries. The HGPEs are composed of a hybrid polymer of 80 wt.% PMMA and 20 wt.% PLA, doped with 20 wt.% LiTFSI and incorporated with various contents ionic liquid namely Ethyl-dimethyl-propylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([EDIMP]TFSI) are successfully prepared and the lithium-ion batteries performance were investigated. This work aims to investigate the influence of the ionic liquid on the electrical properties, cation transference number (tLi+), electrochemical stability window, and charge-discharge performance of the PMMA-PLA-LiTFSI HGPE system. Among the different samples tested, the HGPE containing 20 wt.% [EDIMP]TFSI (E-TFSI 20) exhibited the most promising results. It achieved an optimum ionic conductivity of 3.90 × 10− 3S cm− 1, an increasedtLi+from 0.63 to 0.79, and an extended electrochemical stability window from 4.3V to 5V. Temperature dependence studies revealed that all the HGPE systems followed the Arrhenius characteristic, and their activation energies were calculated. Dielectric studies revealed ionic behavior and suitable capacitance with varying frequencies of the HGPEs system. The most favorable electrolyte was selected based on the highest ionic conductivity observed in each HGPE system. It was utilized in a Li metalǀHGPEsǀGraphite cell configuration. The discharge capacity of the cells using LiTFSI 20 and E-TFSI 20 electrolytes were measured as 152.06 mAh g− 1and 71.15 mAh g− 1, respectively, at a current density of 3.72 A g− 1.
Flipped Classroom with Gamified Technology and Paper-based Method for Teaching Vocabulary
Authors: Pratiwi Damar Isti , Fitriati Sri Wuli , Yuliasri Issy , Waluyo Budi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

A sequential explanatory research design was used to examine the effectiveness of flipped classroom with gamified technology and paper-based method in teaching vocabulary to students with different proficiency levels. Quantitative data was gathered from a pretest and a posttest, whilst qualitative data was collected through teachers’ guided reflection. Using Academic Word List (300 target words), control groups employed a paper-based, while experimental groups applied gamified technology (Quizlet, Kahoot!, Quizizz, Socrative, and Google Form), which lasted 10 weeks. The participants were 144 non-English major students who took a general English course in the 2nd semester of 2023. Quantitative data analysis ran in SPSS 25 using Paired Sample t-Test and One-way ANOVA. The qualitative data were analyzed using thematic progression. The results showed that gamified technology did not affect students’ learning outcomes, while the paper-based method resulted conversely. It revealed that the paper-based method is more effective than gamified technology for students in general, with low proficiency and high-proficiency level. Further, teachers’ beliefs admitted distinctive issues that gamified technology was more effective for high-proficiency learners, whereas paper-based was more effective for low-proficiency learners. The difference analysis of quantitative and qualitative data sheds light on discussing threats while implementing gamified technology and possible solutions.
The Brazil Nut Journey Under Future Climate Change in Amazon
Authors: Anjos Luciano J S , Gonçalves Gabriela S R , Dutra Vitor A B , Rosa Amanda G , Santos Lucyana B , Barros Márcia N R , Souza Everaldo B , Toledo Peter M 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Climate change poses a significant threat to global terrestrial biodiversity, particularly in megadiverse ecosystems like the Amazon rainforest. This study focuses on the potential impact of climate change on a prominent forest species, Bertholletia excelsa (Brazil nut), which holds multiple dimensions of value in the Amazonian context. By employing an ensemble of distribution modeling methods, we examine four distinct climate scenarios projected for the end of the century. Our research incorporates explicit consideration of dispersal events to simulate the species' spatial dynamics. This approach enables us to predict attributes such as extinction, persistence, and colonization of Bertholletia in future timeframes, spaces, and climatic conditions. Our findings show that, regardless of the evaluated climate scenario, B. excelsa would experience a widespread loss of suitability by the end of the century, resulting in a substantial reduction (up to 94%) of area for the specie. Moreover, our results suggest that the specie would seek more favorable conditions by colonizing higher altitudes in the future. Encouragingly, we identify areas that may regain suitability by the end of the century, which could inform active restoration efforts to mitigate the detrimental effects of climate change on the specie.
Leaking Secrets in Homomorphic Encryption with Side-Channel Attacks
Authors: Aydin Furkan , Aysu Aydin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Homomorphic encryption (HE) allows computing encrypted data in the ciphertext domain without knowing the encryption key. It is possible, however, to break fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) algorithms by using side channels. This article demonstrates side-channel leakages of the Microsoft SEAL HE library. The proposed attack can steal encryption keys during the key generation phase by abusing the leakage of ternary value assignments that occurs during the number theoretic transform (NTT) algorithm. We propose two attacks, one for -O0 flag non-optimized code implementation which targets addition and subtraction operations, and one for -O3 flag compiler optimization which targets guard and mul root operations. In particular, the attacks can steal the secret key coefficients from a single power/electromagnetic measurement trace of SEAL’s NTT implementation. To achieve high accuracy with a single-trace, we develop novel machine-learning side-channel profilers. On an ARM Cortex-M4F processor, our attacks are able to extract secret key coefficients with an accuracy of 98.3% when compiler optimization is disabled, and 98.6% when compiler optimization is enabled. We finally demonstrate that our attack can evade an application of the random delay insertion defense.
Displaying quasi-brittle failure using avalanches: paper as a material model
Authors: VILLETTE François , BAROTH Julien , DUFOUR Frédéric , DU ROSCOAT Sabine ROLLAND 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This article aims to discuss and complete the avalanche representations of the failure process of quasi-brittle materials. Paper was used as a model material. We proposed an original method to determine avalanches extracted directly from the force drops in the post-peak regime of experimental force-displacement curves. We studied the avalanche distributions on notched and unnotched samples, taking into account the measurement noise. From these experimental tests, a two regimes power-law in the avalanche distribution was observed during the propagation of a macrocrack, that was consistent with other avalanche distributions based on other methods and other materials in literature. A single power-law was found for a diffuse damage (without a significant macrocrack propagation) using the Mazars’ damage model. Our results showed that the post-peak regime of tensile curves contained the statistical signature of the propagation of a macrocrack during the rupture of paper.
The Usage of Internet in the Context of ESG Model at World Level
Authors: Leogrande Angelo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this article, I estimate the value of “Individual Using Internet”-IUI in the context of Environmental, Social and Governance-ESG database of the World Bank. I use data from 193 countries for the period 2011-2020. I found that among others the value of IUI is positively associated to “Methane Emissions” and “People Using Safely Managed Sanitation Services” and negatively associated among others to “Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption” and “Renewable Energy Consumption”. I apply the k-Means algorithm for the clusterization optimized with the Elbow Method and we find the presence of three clusters. Finally, I confront eight machine-learning algorithms to predict the future value of IUI. I found that the best predictive algorithm is Linear Regression and that the value of IUI is expected to decrease on average of 0.30% for the analysed countries.
JEL Classification: D7, D70, D72, D73, D78.
Modifying lignin composition and xylan O-acetylation induces changes in cell wall composition, extractability, and digestibility.
Authors: Chaudhari Aniket Anant , Rastogi Lavi , Dewangan Bhagwat Prasad , Sharma Anant Mohan , Sharma Raunak , Singh Deepika Manju , Sah Rajan Kumar , Das Shouvik , Bhattacharjee Saikat , Mellerowicz Ewa J , Pawar Prashant Anupama-Mohan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Lignin and xylan are important determinants of a cell wall structure and lignocellulosic biomass digestibility. Genetic manipulations that individually modify either lignin or xylan structure improve polysaccharide digestibility. However, the effects of their simultaneous modifications have not been explored in a similar context. Here, we generated combinatorial cell wall mutants and studied the consequences on plant cell wall properties, biotic stress responses and plant cell wall integrity.
Results
Arabidopsis plant co-harbouring mutation in ferulate 5-hydroxylase (fah1-2) and overexpressing Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase (35S:AnAXE1) transgenic were generated and displayed normal growth attributes with intact xylem architecture. This fah1-2/35S:AnAXE1 crossed named as hyper G lignin and hypoacetylated (HrGHypAc) line. The HrGHypAc plants showed increased crystalline cellulose content with enhanced digestibility after chemical and enzymatic pre-treatment. Moreover, both parents and HrGHypAc without and after pre-treating with glucuronyl esterase and alpha glucuronidase exhibited an increase in xylose release after xylanase digestion as compared to wild-type. The de-pectinated fraction in HrGHypAc displayed elevated levels of xylan and cellulose content. Furthermore, the transcriptomic analysis revealed differential expression in cell wall biosynthetic, transcription factors and wall-associated kinases genes implying the role of lignin and xylan modification on cellular processes.
Conclusions
Simultaneous modification in xylan and lignin improve cellulose content with enhanced saccharification efficiency. These modifications loosen cell wall complexity and hence resulted in enhanced xylose release with or without treatment after xylanase digestion. This study also revealed that the disruption of xylan and lignin structure is possible without compromising either growth and development or defense responses against Pseudomonas syringae infection.
Insights on Multi-Spectral Vegetation Indices Derived From Uav-Based High-Throughput Phenotyping for Indirect Selection in Tropical Wheat Breeding
Authors: Silva Caique Machado e , Mezzomo Henrique Caletti , Ribeiro João Paulo Oliveira , Signorini Victor Silva , Lima Gabriel Wolter , Vieira Eduardo Filipe Torres , Portes Marcelo Fagundes , Morota Gota , Corredo Lucas de Paula , Nardino Maicon 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
High-throughput phenotyping (HTP) approaches are potentially useful for the accurate and efficient evaluation and selection of superior genotypes, leveraging high genetic gains. Vegetation indices are of particular interest because they allow indirect selection. Considering the lack of information regarding high-throughput phenotyping approaches in tropical wheat breeding, this study aimed to (i) determine the best stages to carry out image acquisition for applying multi-spectral vegetation indices; (ii) evaluate the heritability and accuracy of multi-spectral vegetation indices; (iii) understand the relationships between vegetation indices and target agronomic traits; and (iv) evaluate the efficiency of indirect selection via UAV-based high-throughput phenotyping. A diversity panel of 49 tropical wheat cultivars was evaluated during the 2022 winter season. Weekly flight campaigns were performed to further build multi-spectral vegetation indices, which were then analyzed together with four target agronomic traits. Mixed model analyses were performed to estimate genetic parameters and predict genetic values, which were subjected to correlation analysis. Additionally, factor analysis was applied, and the factorial scores were used in an indirect selection strategy (indirect via HTP). This strategy was compared to three alternative strategies: direct via grain yield, direct via days to heading, and the multi-trait genotype-ideotype distance index. The results indicate that vegetation indices are suitable for indirect selection strategies and highly efficient for the indirect selection of grain yield and cycle. The findings of this study will help decision making regarding the use of these approaches in Brazilian public wheat breeding programs.
Temporal trends, sex differences, and age-related disease influence in Neutrophil, Lymphocyte count and Neutrophil to Lymphocyte-ratio. Results from InCHIANTI follow-up study.
Authors: Pellegrino Raffaello , Paganelli Roberto , Iorio Angelo Di , Bandinelli Stefania , Moretti Antimo , Iolascon Giovanni , Sparvieri Eleonora , Tarantino Domiziano , Ferrucci Luigi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Neutrophils and lymphocytes represent the larger percentage of all blood white cells, they vary with age, with a progressive increase of the ratio in the first years of life, and then tend to remain at similar levels in steady state condition during adult age. Neutrophils to lymphocytes-ratio (NL-ratio) was proposed as an effective and low-cost marker to monitor and predict clinical condition evolution.
The main objective of the study is to analyze its temporal trend variation, over twenty years’ follow-up, according to age, sex, and main clinical diagnosis, in a large representative Italian population.
Methods
The InCHIANTI study enrolled representative samples from the registry list of two towns in Tuscany, Italy. Baseline data were collected in 1998, and last follow-up visits in 2015-18. Out of the 1453 participants enrolled, 1343 were included, and consented to donate a blood sample. All subjects were assessed and followed for life-style, clinical condition, physical performance, and underwent an instrumental diagnostic session.
Results
The NL-ratio showed a statistically significant interaction between birth-cohort and time of the study (p-value=0.005). A gender dimorphism was recognized in the neutrophils absolute count and in the NL-ratio. Moreover, in female participants only, those who reported CHF had lower neutrophil-count and NL-ratio; whereas an increase in creatinine clearance was directly associated with NL-ratio. In male subjects, an increase of BMI was inversely associated with both NL-ratio and neutrophils-count during the follow-up; a similar association but in the opposite direction was observed in female participants.
Conclusion
NL-ratio is a more reliable marker of biological age than absolute lymphocytes and/or neutrophils counts. It is associated with the changes induced by disease, lifestyle, and environmental challenges in the immune system. NL-ratio confirms the gender dimorphism in the occurrence of inflammation-driven diseases. Therefore, additional evidence emerged for the necessity for tailored sex-specific measures to prevent and treat such diseases.