bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study of Common Bile Duct Diameter between Normal and Post Cholecystectomy Cases Using Trans-abdominal Ultrasonography
Authors: Paudel R. C. , Karki S. , Suwal S. , Palikhe A. , Mandal D. , Manandhar M. 
Published: December 2022

Background Increase in common bile duct diameter can occur because of different causes. Post cholecystectomy status is one of the potential causes. Many studies done in the past show different results and are hence inconclusive.
Objective To see if the post cholecystectomy cases would have a statistically significant change in common bile duct diameter.
Method We carried out a study in 100 cases (46 post cholecystectomy cases and 54 cases with intact gall bladder, measuring their common bile duct diameters and performing an unpaired t test to see if the mean in common bile duct among these two groups of cases was statistically significant.
Result One hundred cases, 46 post cholecystectomy cases and 54 cases with intact gall bladder were included in our study. An unpaired t-test was used to compare the common bile duct diameters in these two groups. Our findings showed that the difference in common bile duct diameter between the cases with intact gall bladder and those who underwent cholecystectomy was significant for both one tailed and two tailed studies (p < 0.001). Hence, it can be stated that post cholecystectomy status increases the common bile duct diameter.
Conclusion An increased Common bile duct diameter in post cholecystectomy case could be because of the post cholecystectomy status itself and not due to some other obstructive cause. So careful decision is necessary before subjecting the patient to further invasive/non-invasive investigations and treatments.
Neurological Outcome of Early versus Late Surgery Following Cervical Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Kafle P. , Chaudhary P. K. , Thapa J. , Sharma M. R. 
Published: December 2022

Background There are numerous retrospective studies and a few prospective studies to determine the neurologic outcome after early versus late surgical treatment for cervical spinal cord injury.
Objective To compare the neurological outcome between early (within 72 hours after injury) and delayed (≥ 72 hours after injury) surgery in patients with cervical spinal injury.
Method This is a retrospective analysis of the neurological outcome of early versus late surgery following cervical spinal cord trauma. Patients meeting appropriate inclusion criteria were divided into an early or a late surgical treatment group. The neurologic outcomes and other complications were recorded up to six months of follow-up.
Result Overall, there was a significant difference in neurological status at presentation and at follow-up (p < 0.001). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the early versus late surgery groups (p-value 0.261) in terms of neurological outcome. Complications were found to be higher among those undergoing posterior surgical approach (OR = 23.75; 95% CI 2.65, 212.98) than those with anterior or combined approach (p=0.005). However, multivariate analysis of these variables failed to show any statistically significant difference between the two groups.
Conclusion The timing of surgery does not alter the neurological outcomes and the development of complications significantly. The American Spinal Cord Injury Association (ASIA) status at the time of presentation is found to be the single most important factor correlating with the neurological outcome.
Maternal and Perinatal Outcome of Urinary Tract Infection in Pregnancy at Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital
Authors: Kayastha B. , Tamrakar S. R. 
Published: December 2022

Background Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common in pregnancy and poses a great challenge because it has several adverse outcomes in both the mother and her unborn foetus.
Objective This study aims to determine the incidence of culture positive urinary tract infection, culture and sensitivity of the common causative organisms and find out the maternal and perinatal outcomes in culture positive urinary tract infection.
Method This prospective study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Dhulikhel Hospital over a period of one year. Urine routine and microscopy was done as a preliminary screening test for urinary tract infection and those with abnormal results were subjected to urine culture and sensitivity and ultrasonological evaluation.
Result A total of 162 pregnant women were included in the study. Incidence of culture positive urinary tract infection was 25.9%, highest in age group 15-20 years (47.8%), more in primigravida (30.1%) and common at second trimester (40.4%). Escherichia coli (90.4%) was the commonest organism isolated and ceftriaxone was the most sensitive antibiotic. Patients with culture positive urinary tract infection had higher incidence of anaemia, preterm labour, need of surgical intervention. Such patients also had increased chances of preterm delivery, low birth weight babies and newborn intensive care unit (NICU) admission.
Conclusion We conclude that urinary tract infection in pregnancy leads to adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. And we recommend urine culture and sensitivity at each trimester so that urinary tract infection can be diagnosed and treated on time.
Materi Keterampilan Membaca Bahasa Prancis Tingkat A1 untuk Pengembangan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Google Sites
Authors: Widyastuti Wahyu Tri , Ratna Ratna , Dewi Evi Rosyani 
Published: December 2022

Abstrak Penggunaan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi di dunia pendidikan sangat diperlukan guna mendukung proses pembelajaran. Salah satu kemampuan yang dibutuhkan di masa Revolusi Industri 4.0 adalah literasi teknologi sehingga perluÂ mengintegrasikan teknologi dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis materi pembelajaran membaca bahasa Prancis tingkat A1 sebagai tahap awal dalam pengembangan model pembelajaran berbasis Google Sites. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data studi pustaka dan teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan cara mereduksi data, menyajikan data, dan menarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tujuh pemetaan materi untuk pembelajaran keterampilan membaca bahasa Prancis tingkat A1 berbasis Google Sites. Struktur penyajian pengembangan yaitu wacana tulis, materi gramatikal, dan evaluasi pembelajaran menggunakan LearningApps. Ketujuh materi tersebut digunakan untuk pengembangan model pembelajaran keterampilan membaca bahasa Prancis tingkat A1 berbasis Google Sites.Â Â AbstractThe use of information and communication technology in the world of education is needed to support the learning process. One of the skills needed during the Industrial Revolution 4.0 is technological literacy, so it is necessary to integrate technology in learning. This research aimed to analyze the learning material for learning French at A1 level as an early stage in developing a learning model based on Google Sites. The research used descriptive qualitative method with literature study data collection techniques and data analysis techniques were carried out by reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research showed seven material mappings for learning French language reading skills at A1 level based on Google Sites. The development presentation structure is written discourse, grammatical material, and learning evaluation using LearningApps. The seven materials were used to develop a learning model for French Reading Skills at A1 level based on Google Sites.
Efikasi Diri Mahasiswa Akuntansi pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Fauziati Popi , Herawati Herawati , Rahmi Siti , Morelent Yetty , Shaden Muhammad Teguh Laduny 
Published: December 2022

Abstrak Tujuan penelitian untuk menguji pengaruh efikasi diri terhadap prestasi akademik mahasiswa Program Studi Akuntansi Universitas Bung Hatta, Padang pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian merupakan penelitian korelasional dan pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Populasi penelitian adalah mahasiswa Akuntansi yang aktif di Universitas Bung Hatta angkatan 2018-2020 berjumlah 303 orang. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 76 orang yang dipilih menggunakan proportionate stratified random sampling technique. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi linier sederhana. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa dapat mengefikasi diri pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Simpulan penelitian adalah efikasi diri berpengaruh positif terhadap prestasi akademik mahasiswa Akuntansi Universitas Bung Hatta.Â Â AbstractThe purpose of the research was to examine the effect of self-efficacy on academic performance of students of the Accounting Program at Universitas Bung Hatta, Padang during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research was a correlational research and data collection was done by using a questionnaire. The population in the research was accounting students who were active at Universitas Bung HattaÂ in 2018-2020 totaling 303 people. The research sample was 76 people who were selected using the proportionate stratified random sampling technique. Analysis of the data used simple linear regression. The results of the analysis showed that students can be self-efficacy during the COVID-19 pandemic. The conclusion of the research was that self-efficacy has a positive effect on the academic performance of accounting students at Universitas Bung Hatta.
Authentic Assessment pada Keterampilan Menulis Siswa Bahasa Mandarin
Authors: Aini Desti Nur , Afifah Yuli Nur , Sakti Karina Fefi Laksana 
Published: December 2022

AbstrakPenelitian bertujuan mendeskripsikan implementasi penilaian autentik, kendala yang ditemukan dalam aktivitas pembelajaran, serta upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi kesulitan pada keterampilan menulis bahasa Mandarin. Metode penelitian menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan teknik wawancara, pengamatan, dan analisis dokumen. Sumber data penelitian yaitu dua orang guru bahasa Mandarin. Analisis data dilakukan dengan tahapan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penilaian autentik pada keterampilan menulis bahasa Mandarin siswa SMA Negeri 1 Grogol, Kabupaten Kediri, Jawa Timur berfokus pada tiga hal: penerapan penilaian autentik oleh guru secara umum telah diterapkan dalam bentuk teknik penilaian sikap, pengetahuan, dan keterampilan; kendala yang dihadapi guru berasal dari guru dan siswa, keterbatasan waktu, serta kriteria penilaian yang cukup kompleks; upaya yang dilakukan mengatasai kendala yaitu menambah referensi terkait dan mengindentifikasi standar untuk mengukur kompetensi yang diharapkan dengan pemberian fokus tugas kontekstual serta penyiapan lebih awal dan matang pada perangkat pembelajaran.Â AbstractThe research aimed to describe the implementation of authentic assessment, the obstacles found in learning activities, and the efforts made to overcome difficulties in writing Chinese language skills. The research method was descriptive qualitative. Data were collected using interview, observation, and document analysis techniques. The research data sources were two Mandarin teachers. Data analysis was carried out through the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results showed that authentic assessment of the writing skills of Chinese students at SMA Negeri 1 Grogol, Kediri Regency, East Java focused on three things: the application of authentic assessment by teachers, in general, has been applied in the form of attitude, knowledge, and skills assessment techniques; the obstacles faced by teachers come from teachers and students, time constraints, and quite complex assessment criteria; efforts made to overcome the obstacles, namely adding related references and identifying standards to measure the expected competencies by providing a focus on contextual tasks as well as early and mature preparation of learning tools.
Efektifitas Obat Kumur Kosmetik dan Obat Kumur Terapeutik dalam Menurunkan Debris Indeks
Authors: Purnomowati RR. Ratnasari Dyah , Prasetiowati Lies Elina , Arianto Arianto 
Published: December 2022

Obat Kumur Kosmetik dan Obat Kumur Terapeutik Terhadap Nilai Debris Indeks Dalam Mencegah Terbentuknya. Karies gigi dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, diantaranya adanya plak pada permukaan gigi, ketebalan plak, jumlah dan jenis bakteri dalam plak, dapat menyebabkan pH permukaan gigi turun dengan cepat. Menurunnya pH saliva (kapasitas dapar / asam) dan jumlah air ludah yang kurang berisiko terjadinya karies. Membersihkan gigi dan mulut dari debris merupakan langkah awal dalam pengendalian plak yang bertujuan untuk mencegah terjadinya karies, salah satunya dengan tindakan mekanis atau oral profilaksis melalui berkumur. Obat kumur sangat beragam diantaranya obat kumur kosmetik dan obat kumur terapeutik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas obat kumur kosmetik dan obat kumur terapeutik dalam menurunkan debris. Jenis penelitian pada penelitian ini yaitu experimental dengan rancangan one group pretest-postest design. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah murid kelas VI SDN 1 Rajabasa Jaya Bandar Lampung berjumlah 30 siswa, dengan rumus federer. Dalam penelitian ini menunjukan hasil obat kumur kosmetik lebih efektif dalam menurunkan debris sehingga dapat mencegah terbentuknya plak, terhindar dari karies gigi. Saran dalam pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut dianjurkan untuk berkumur selain melakukan sikat gigi, terbukti efektif dalam menurunkan debris.
ANALISIS FUNGSI PENGAWASAN COMPLIANCE RISK MANAGEMENT MELALUI APPROWEB TERHADAP PENERIMAAN PAJAK BADAN KPP PRATAMA JAKARTA CAKUNG
Authors: Hayati Dina Fikri , Kadunci Kadunci , Purwinarti Titik 
Published: December 2022

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan mekanisme penerepan model Compliance Risk Manangement fungsi pengawasan dan tingkat keberhasilannya terhadap penerimaan pajak badan di KPP Pratama Jakarta Cakung. Lingkungan DJP hingga setiap wilayah KPP terus melakukan peningkatan pengawasan, dengan salah satunya penyempurnaan alat bantu bernama Compliance Risk Management dengan Surat Edaran Dirjen Pajak Nomor SE-39/PJ/2021. Dalam meningkatkan penerimaan pajak, fungsi pengawasan penting untuk mengetahui lebih dalam Wajib Pajak yang perlu diteliti. Maka dari itu, dibutuhkan sebuah gambaran Peta Risiko Kepatuhan yang menampilkan keseluruhan WP Badan dengan mengkategorikannya kedalam beberapa tingkat risikonya. Hal ini diharapkan dapat memberikan keadilan dan pemerataan fungsi pengawasan yang dilakukan oleh petugas pajak terhadap seluruh Wajib Pajaknya. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan 3 (tiga metode yaitu wawancara mendalam semi struktur, observasi nonpartisipatif, dan dokumentasi. Intrepretasi data dilakukan secara bertahap mulai dari mengumpulkan data, mereduksi data, hingga kesimpulan akhir. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penerapan CRM dilingkungan KPP Pratama Jakarta Cakung memberikan dampak kemudahan terutama dalam melaksanakan fungsi pengawasan secara maksimal bagi petugas pajak. namun di sisi lain, penerimaan pajak sejak tahun 2020 hingga 2021 masih jauh mencapai target penerimaan yang diharapkan. Hal ini menunjukan perlunya pengkajian ulang mengenai permasalahan yang terus dihadapi KPP Pratama Jakarta Cakung, dan meningkatkan fungsi CRM lainnya untuk dapat berjalan secara seimbang dan menghasilkan hasil yang lebih baik.
Aspek Hukum Tanggung Jawab Pihak Perantara Kepada Konsumen Dalam E-Commerce
Authors: Stella Stella 
Published: December 2022

Aktivitas masyarakat dan pemerintah di seluruh dunia semakin bergerak melalui sistem elektronik. Peningkatan sistem teknologi informasi dalam pelaksanaan sistem perdagangan melalui sistem elektronik (e-commerce) sudah terlaksanakan di Indonesia. Pengguna internet di Indonesia pada tahun 2022 telah mencapai sekitar 210 juta orang yang berhubungan erat dengan penggunaan e-commerce. Situasi ini menarik untuk dibahas terutama terkait dengan konsep pemasaran e-commerce dapat meningkatkan pembangunan dalam perekonomian masyarakat. Namun terdapat pihak penyelenggara sarana perantara yang mengabarkan informasi kesepakatan penjualan tidak pasti bagi setiap konsumennya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah normatif preskriptif. Data yang dianalisa adalah peranan tanggung jawab akibat kesalahan ataupun kelalaian dari pihak perantara kepada konsumen dalam informasi pemasaran maupun perjanjian penjualan tidak pasti dalam hubungan e-commerce. Penelitian ini menjelaskan adanya perantara e-commerce yang memberikan harga lebih tinggi dari harga pasar, adanya perantara e-commerce yang tidak mengirimkan barang yang sesuai dipilih oleh konsumen, dan perantara e-commerce tidak melakukan konfirmasi yang jelas kepada penjual atas pembayaran yang telah dilakukan oleh konsumen. Kewajiban penyelenggara sarana perantara dalam e-commerce tidak hanya berdampak buruk pada kepercayaan konsumen, tetapi beresiko menghambat perkembangan ekonomi masyarakat nasional. Pihak penyelenggara sarana perantara e-commerce seharusnya patut memiliki tanggung jawab akibat segala kesalahan informasi kepada konsumen dari media aplikasi, sehingga keabsahan kontrak elektronik sebagai transaksi dalam e-commerce terlaksanakan dengan baik dan sah serta komunikasi tetap berjalan lancar kepada penjual sehingga pengiriman barang juga tidak memiliki kesalahan dari penjual kepada konsumen. Penerapan konsep tanggung jawab akibat segala kesalahan yang terjadi dari media aplikasi atau sistem elektronik sudah semakin dibutuhkan di Indonesia. Indonesia juga dapat menghasilkan pembangunan perekonomian nasional yang bermanfaat tidak hanya bagi masyarakat tetapi bagi pembangunan daerah. Tanggung jawab dari perantara sudah diperlukan. Kebijakan pemerintah dalam menetapkan regulasi peraturan yang jelas selain tanggung jawab penjual tetapi perantara yang sebagai media aplikasi pemasaran juga wajib bertanggung jawab kepada konsumen.
Social Work's Role in Athletic Recruitment: New Opportunities for the Profession
Authors: Felizzi Marc , St. Croix Brandon , Rice Karen 
Published: December 2022

The authors conducted a preliminary study, which asked if social worker support could assist elite level hockey players during the recruitment process to higher levels of play. The intent was to determine the potential need for professional social workers in sports, and particularly in areas where athletes and their families may face critical decisions regarding the future. Respondents were asked about the recruiting process, what difficulties or successes they encountered, and if a social worker could have made the process more constructive and positive for the athlete. The responses of 21 current and former hockey players, collected through convenience sampling, are included, and analyzed, regarding their experiences during the recruitment process. The study population comprised former collegiate or professional hockey players who were recruited to play at college, Major Jr. A, or professional leagues. All participants agreed that partnering with a someone in a helping capacity, such as a social worker, would have helped them navigate the various pitfalls and obstacles of the recruitment process, and would have been valuable allies and supports during their decision-making period. Implications for practice as well as suggestions for future study are offered.
Kinerja Simpang Tak Bersinyal Pada Simpang Parung Bingung (Sawangan Depok)
Authors: Rikki Sofyan Rizal  , Wiyono Eko , Safinatun Naja Imtinan , Fita Sari Mira Aulia 
Published: December 2022

Kemacetan sering terjadi di beberapa titik di kota Depok, Jawa Barat. Dari pantauan google maps dan peninjauan lokasi secara langsung kondisi lalu lintas pada Simpang Parung Bingung Sawangan terpantau terjadi kemacetan yang cukup parah. Kemacetan terjadi dikarenakan tingginya volume kendaraan dan tingkat pelayanan kinerja Simpang yang buruk. Penelitian tugas akhir ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor dominan permasalahan yang terjadi pada Simpang Parung Bingung agar dapat menyelesaikan permasalahan yang terjadi. Metode yang digunakan dengan cara analisis manual dengan pedoman PKJI 2014 menggunakan data primer yang diperoleh dari hasil survei lokasi dan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Depok, Dinas Perhubungan Kota Depok serta berbagai jurnal. Hasil penelitian Kinerja Simpang Tak Bersinyal Parung Bingung dalam kategori F (sangat buruk), Derajat Kejenuhan (DJ) diatas 0,85, Tundaan (T) yang tinggi 124,09 det/skr, Volume Kendaraan 5811,06 skr/jam dengan Kapasitas Jalan (C) sebesar 2810,98 skr/jam, serta Peluang Antrean (PA) 156% batas atas dan 75% batas bawah. Oleh sebab itu, alternatif terakhir yang paling tepat dipilih dengan penggunaan alternatif gabungan antara Menghilangkan atau mereduksi hambatan samping dengan cara memasang rambu larangan berhenti, pelebaran jalan dan perubahan arah lalu lintas pada jam sibuk.
“RECREIO ESTENDIDO” EM CONTEXTO DE LIQUIDEZ DAS RELAÇÕES HUMANAS NA ESCOLA
Authors: França Fabiana Ribeiro de , Silva Daniel Celeste da , Bechtold Ivan , Bonin Joel Cezar , Hülse Levi , Baade Joel Haroldo 
Published: December 2022

No contexto da modernidade líquida, as relações humanas e a capacidade de socialização se fragilizaram. A falta de interação e socialização entre os estudantes de uma escola com diferentes níveis de ensino foram a força motriz para a criação de um projeto com o engajamento do grupo gestor, pedagógico e demais membros da comunidade de uma Escola de Educação Básica em Santa Catarina. O projeto “Recreio Estendido” foi desenvolvido com a intencionalidade de proporcionar aos estudantes momentos de convivência que pudessem contribuir para a melhoria da situação identificada. Metodologicamente, esta produção pode ser caracterizada como um relato de experiência, com abordagem qualitativa do problema de pesquisa. Ao final do ano letivo de 2019, ano em que o projeto foi aplicado, percebeu-se excelentes resultados, especialmente entre os estudantes, validando assim, a importância da valorização das relações interpessoais e da gestão democrática nas instituições.
Palavras-chave: Comunicação. Interação. Socialização. Relações sociais.

ABSTRACT
In the context of liquid modernity, human relationships and the ability to socialize have weakened. The lack of interaction and socialization among students from school with different levels of education was the driving force for the creation of a project with the engagement of the management, pedagogical group and other community members of a Basic Education School in Santa Catarina. The “Extended recess” project was developed with the intention of providing students living moments that could contribute to the improvement of the identified situation. Methodologically, this production can be characterized as an experience report, with a qualitative approach to the research problem. At the end of the 2019 school year, the year in which the project was applied, excellent results were seen, especially among students, thus validating the importance of valuing interpersonal relationships and democratic management in institutions.
Keywords: Communication. Interaction. Socialization. Social relationships.