bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of an integrated knowledge translation approach used for updating the Cochrane Review of Patient Decision Aids
Authors: Lewis Krystina B , Smith Maureen , Stacey Dawn , Carley Meg , Graham Ian D , applicable Cochrane Review of Patient Decision Aids Research Team Not 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background: We know little about knowledge users’ involvement in the conduct of systematic reviews. We aimed to evaluate team members’ degree of meaningful engagement and their perceptions of having used an integrated knowledge translation (IKT) approach when updating the Cochrane Review of Patient Decision Aids. Methods: We conducted a pre-post mixed methods study. We surveyed all team members at two time points. Before systematic review conduct, participating team members indicated their preferred level of involvement within each of the 12 steps of the systematic review process from “Screen titles/abstracts” to “Provide feedback on draft article.” After, they reported on their degree of satisfaction with their achieved level of engagement across each step and the degree of meaningful engagement using the Patient Engagement In Research Scale (PEIRS-22) across 7 domains scored from 100 (extremely meaningful engagement) to 0 (no meaningful engagement). We solicited their experiences with the IKT approach using open-ended questions. We analyzed quantitative data descriptively and qualitative data using content analysis. We triangulated data at the level of study design and interpretation. Results: Of 21 team members, 20 completed the baseline survey (95.2% response rate) and 17/20 (85.0% response rate) the follow-up survey. At baseline, preferred level of involvement in the 12 systematic review steps varied from n=3(15%) to n=20(100%). At follow-up, 16 (94.1%) participants were totally or very satisfied with the extent to which they were involved in these steps. All (17, 100%) agreed that the process was co-production. Total PEIRS-22 scores revealed most participants reported extremely (13, 76.4%) or very (2, 11.8%) meaningful degree of engagement. Triangulated data revealed that participants indicated benefit to having used a process that was authentic and incorporated diverse perspectives, and they perceived it resulted in better and more relevant output. Reported challenges were about time, resources, and the logistics of collaborating with a large group. Conclusion: Following the use of an IKT approach during the conduct of a systematic review, team members reported high levels of meaningful engagement. These results contribute to our understanding of ways to co-produce a systematic review.
A low-energy particle experiment for both ion and electron measurements using a single microchannel plate detector
Authors: Yokota Shoichiro , Saito Yoshifumi , Asamura Kazushi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

We have developed a low-energy particle experiment that alternately measure ions and electrons in space. The ability to switch between ion and electron measurements is achieved by simply adding ultra-thin carbon foil and positive and negative outputs to a conventional top-hat electrostatic analyzer and a high-voltage power supply, respectively. The advantage of this experiment is that it can perform both ion and electron measurements using only one MCP detector for electrons, since it detects secondary electrons emitted from the carbon foil. For the SS520-3 sounding rocket program, we prepared two identical energy analyzers, one for ions and the other for electrons to demonstrate this technique. Laboratory tests confirmed that the performance of the two analyzers was comparable to that of conventional analyzers for ion and electrons. The SS520-3 rocket experiment in the high latitude auroral region yielded observations that captured typical features of ions and electrons, which were similar to previous observations.
A MIMIC model examining the relationships among perceived teachers’ goals, achievement-goal orientations, self-efficacy, and their effects on strategies in writing
Authors: Stavropoulou Georgia , Stamovlasis Dimitrios , Gonida Sofia-Eleftheria 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Achievement Goal Theory is an approach that interprets academic attitude and behavior toward the learning process in an academic environment. The current study explores the relationships among perceived teachers' goals, achievement-goal orientations, self-efficacy, and their effects on cognitive and metacognitive strategies in writing. The participants (N = 2049) were students in secondary junior and senior high school, completed self-report questionnaires (Greek version of Patterns of Adaptive Learning Scale) measuring achievement goal orientations, perceived teachers' goals, self-efficacy, cognitive and metacognitive strategies in writing (Baker & Boonkit). Structural equation modeling was applied, specifically, a multiple-indicator multiple-cause model, to examine the relationship among the variables under study. The findings from the current research highlight the crucial role of goal orientations, especially mastery goals. Mastery, performance-approach goals and self-efficacy directly predict writing strategies. On the other hand, the perceived teacher goals predict student goal orientations, and specifically, perceived mastery teachers' goals predict students' mastery goals and self-efficacy and, interestingly, predict writing strategies. Perceived performance teachers' goals predict both types of students' performance goals, while the perceived performance avoidance teachers' goals are negatively associated with self-efficacy. The findings are interpretable and consistent with previous reports in the literature, contributing to both theory development and practical implications.
Generative Modeling towards Model-Free Kinship Verification Attack
Authors: Zhu Jiaxuan , Xia Chao , Shao Ming , Xia Siyu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Visual kinship understanding has raised privacy concerns in the past few years. That being said, the kinship relationship can be simply detected and exposed to the public, with or without the permission of photo owners, leading to severe privacy leaks or malicious retaliation against families. Visual kinship verification, a procedure that determines whether two people have kin relations through facial images, is the primary concern among kinship applications. To that end, this paper explores practical approaches to compromising CNN and Transformer based deep kinship verification models, to protect users' kinship privacy. Specifically, two generative models, Kinship-advGAN and Kinship-advTransGAN, are proposed to generate small perturbation vectors in face images to flip the verification results. To validate our methods, we conduct extensive experiments on visual kinship benchmarks, including FIW, KinFaceW datasets, and Kaggle Kinship Verification Challenges. The results show that our methods outperform several state-of-the-art methods and reveal vital insights: the CNN-based method attains a higher success rate of attacks, while the Transformer-based method provides more decentralized adversarial attacks on kinship verification.
Field Surveys in Heterogeneous Rock Masses Aimed at Hydraulic Conductivity Assessment
Authors: Mandrone Giuseppe , Vacha Damiano , Chicco Jessica Maria , Vagnon Federico , Comina Cesare 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In heterogeneous and fractured rock masses, joints are the most important elements controlling the hydraulic conductivity. Joints parameters are therefore crucial for estimating transport of mass and energy in many technical problems (e.g. slope stability, tunnels, geothermal and oil and gas studies). Hydraulic conductivity conceptual models follow well understood generalizations, but their quantitative estimation is not simple. Both laboratory and field tests have many limitations due to representativeness and scale effects. This study proposes a methodology for a preliminary hydraulic conductivity estimation in fractured and/or heterogeneous rock masses through a combination of in-situ geomechanical and geophysical measurements. Contact and non-contact geomechanical surveys were coupled with electric resistivity tomographies in two selected test sites within a Mexican geothermal area in the framework of the Ge-Mex H2020 project. The test sites are representative of two different geological settings: a faulted rock mass with expected high hydraulic conductivity in proximity of the faulted areas and an abandoned marble quarry, with very good mechanical characteristics and negligible degree of fracturing. Moreover, both of them are located in remote areas with limited accessibility, in which rapid, time and cost-effective procedures are welcomed and recommended. The preliminary findings of this study were promising: estimated hydraulic conductivities were compared with independent laboratory measurements performed by other researchers showing a good correspondence and reliability. The proposed methodology demonstrated its reliability in decision making, in the technical support and its economical applicability also in similar difficult logistic situations.
The impact of leg length discrepancy after total hip arthroplasty on function and quality of life in Chinese
Authors: Gou Wenlong , Lu Xingchen , Wang Ziming , Chen Jiying 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Postoperative leg length discrepancy (LLD) has been reported as an important factor for Chinese patients' satisfaction after total hip arthroplasty (THA). This study investigated the impact of postoperative LLD on function and quality of life in Chinese patients.
Methods
Patients who underwent primary unilateral THA with a single prosthesis were identified from our hospital. The patients were divided into two groups according to postoperative LLD: a small LLD group(LLD༜9 mm) and a large LLD group (LLD ≥ 10 mm). The Harris hip score (HHS) and the 12-item Short-Form health survey (SF-12) were used to compare the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify potential risk factors associated with postoperative LLD.
Results
A total of 147 patients were included, with a mean follow-up of 6.22 ± 1.66 years. Of these patients, 119 had a small LLD (< 9 mm) and 28 had a large LLD (≥ 10 mm), and the average postoperative LLD was 6.48 ± 5.18mm. There were no significant differences between the two groups for HHS and SF-12 physical component score (PCS), but the SF-12 mental component score (MCS) was significantly lower in the large LLD group than the small LLD group (P = 0.008). Patient height was found to be an important risk factor for postoperative LLD (OR 0.909, 95% CI [0.843–0.979], P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Postoperative LLD does not affect hip function after THA in Chinese patients; however, large LLDs of over 10 mm may lead to decreased quality of life. Low height of patients was identified as a risk factor for postoperative LLD.
Differential repair of osteonecrosis due to alternating freezing-heating insult and local absolute alcohol injection in rats
Authors: Gou Wenlong , Wang Cheng , Qin Nan , Wang Ziming , Peng Jiang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Osteonecrosis (ON) is a relatively common musculoskeletal disorder seen by the surgeons in clinic, which results in osteocyte death and destruction of the bony structure. However, the pathophysiologic mechanisms have not been completely elucidated. It has been found that there are differences in the process of ON repair between different impairment modalities in emus. The primary purpose of this study was to further advance a murine model of ON to determine the relationship between the repair types and the impairment modalities.
Methods
Thirty right knees of the rats were randomly divided into two groups for molding: 1. Alternating freezing-heating insult group (FHI); 2. Local absolute alcohol injection group (LAA). All the left knees were included in the control group. After eight weeks, every femoral condyle was harvested and analyzed by micro-CT, histology and nanoindentation test.
Results
A large number of osseous lacuna were observed in both two groups. The average bone mineral density, numbers of osteoblast, bone formation rate, elastic modulus and hardness of trabecular were higher with LAA than control (p＜0.05). On the other hand, the average numbers of osteoclast were higher and the elastic modulus and hardness of trabecular were lower with FHI than control (p＜0.05).
Conclusion
Both FHI and LAA can cause osteonecrosis in the femoral condyle in rats, but there are differences in the repair process.The increased number of osteoclasts may be implicated in the decreased mechanical properties of trabecula leading to collapse of the skeletal architecture in FHI. Conversely, the increase of osteoblasts may be responsible for the improvement of trabecular mechanical properties, with new bone formation being promoted in the LAA group. Further research is needed to determine the long-term effects of these repair mechanisms and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
Spinal tDCS is superior to both M1 and cerebellar tDCS in supporting balance ability. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Veldema Jitka , Steingräber Teni , Grönheim Leon , Wienecke Jana , Regel Rieke , Schack Thomas , Schütz Christoph 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Existing applications of non-invasive brain stimulation in the modulation of balance ability are focused on the primary motor cortex (M1). It is conceivable that other brain and spinal cord areas may be comparable or more promising targets in this regard. This study compares transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over (i) the M1, (ii) the cerebellum and (iii) the spinal cord in the modulation of balance ability.
Methods
Forty-two sports students were randomized in this placebo-controlled study. Twenty minutes of anodal 1.5 mA tDCS over (i) the M1, (ii) the cerebellum, and (iii) the spinal cord, as well as (iv) sham tDCS were applied to each subject. The Y Balance Test, Single Leg Landing Test, and Single Leg Squat Test were performed prior to and after each intervention.
Results
The Y Balance Test showed significant improvement after real stimulation of each region compared to sham stimulation. While spinal tDCS supported the balance ability of both legs, M1 and cerebellar tDCS supported right leg stand only. No significant differences were found on the Single Leg Landing Test and the Single Leg Squat Test.
Conclusions
Our data indicate that the spinal cord is a highly promising target for the application of non-invasive brain stimulation in supporting balance control. Future research could compare the effects of different spinal cord stimulation protocols on healthy people and examine the potential of this approach in neurorehabilitation.
Landscape properties and density dependence shape movement patterns of three threatened butterflies
Authors: Franzen Markus , Askling John , Kindvall Oskar , Johansson Victor , Sunde Johanna , Forsman Anders 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Context.
Conservation of endangered species necessitates an in-depth understanding of their ecological requirements. Particularly in landscape ecology, the behavioural tendencies of threatened butterfly species in Gotland, a biodiversity-rich island in the Baltic Sea, become crucial.
Objectives.
The primary aim of this study was to elucidate the movement patterns of three threatened butterfly species—Euphydryas aurinia, Parnassius apollo, and Phengaris arion—in Gotland and to identify the influence of specific land characteristics on these patterns.
Methods.
The study was conducted from 2017 to 2020 within a 60 km² area in Gotland. Data collection involved 29,584 captures, encompassing 16,223 distinct individuals. Variables such as open vegetated land, ground moisture index, and forest cover were assessed.
Results.
Among the 4821 arrivals and 5083 departures documented, the species exhibited differential responses to the evaluated habitat features. Both E. aurinia and P. apollo displayed a positive density-dependent dispersal, while P. arion's movements were not significantly associated with any habitat features examined. Landscape properties like open vegetated land and ground moisture index statistically influenced the likelihood of arrival and departure.
Conclusions.
The study accentuates the intricate relationship between land cover and the behavioural tendencies of the subject butterfly species. It has broader implications for the targeted habitat management strategies that would benefit threatened butterfly populations in Gotland.
Effect of posterolateral fusion versus posterior lumbar interbody fusion on sagittal radiographic parameters in adult patients with low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ibrahim Mahmoud Fouad , Saeed Fady Samy , Hassan Khaled Mohammed , Hassan Mohamed Gamal , El-Morshidy Essam Mohammed 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: This randomized controlled study aims to specifically investigate and compare the effects of posterolateral fusion (PLF) and posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) on sagittal radiographic parameters, and to evaluate the correlation between the changes in these parameters and the clinical outcome.
Methods: A total of 42 patients with single level low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis were included in the study. The patients were randomly allocated into 2 groups: PLF group (21 patients) and PLIF (group 21 patients). The mean age was 40.23 ± 10.25 years in the PLF group and 35.81 ± 10.58 in the PLIF group. Of the 42 patients, 13 cases were male and 29 cases were female. All patients had a follow-up period of at least 24 months. Radiographic outcomes included pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT), sacral slope (SS), lumbar lordosis (LL), sagittal vertical axis (SVA), T1 pelvic angle (TPA), slip angle (SA), slip degree (SD) and disc height (DH). Clinical outcomes were assessed by Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and visual analogue scale (VAS).
Results: Upon comparing postoperative measurements of both groups, only SA, SD and DH were significantly better in PLIF group. However, when comparing the means of correction (postoperative values- preoperative values), all radiographic parameters were found to be significantly better in PLIF group. Additionally, SA and DH showed significantly less correction loss in the PLIF group. ODI and VAS scores improved significantly in both groups during the final follow-up, with no significant differences between the two groups. Changes in ODI and VAS were significantlycorrelated with changes in SD, DH, and LL.
Conclusion: PLIF exhibits greater strength in correcting sagittal radiographic parameters. Nevertheless, this difference does not seem to influence short-term clinical results. Notably, changes in DH, SA, and LL displayed significant correlations with changes in ODI and VAS, underscoring the importance of restoring disc height, rectifying slip angle, and reestablishing normal lumbar lordosis as crucial steps in the surgical management of isthmic spondylolisthesis.
Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03877341, registered on March 15, 2019.
Five novel mutations identified in the COL4A3, COL4A4 and COL4A5 genes in 10 families with Alport syndrome
Authors: wang duocai , Pan Meize , Li Hang , Li Minchun , Li Ping , Xiong Fu , Xiao Hongbo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Alport syndrome (AS) is an inherited nephropathy caused by mutations in the type IV collagen genes. It is clinically characterized by damage to the eyes, ears and kidneys. Diagnosis of AS is hampered by its atypical clinical picture, particularly when the typical features, include persistent hematuria and microscopic changes in the glomerular basement membrane (GBM), are the only clinical manifestations in the patient.
Methods
We screened nine families with suspected AS using whole exome sequencing (WES) and analyzed the harmfulness, conservation, and protein structure changes of mutated genes. In further, we performed in vitro functional analysis of two missense mutations in the COL4A5 gene (c.2359G > C, p.G787R and c.2605G > A, p.G869R).
Results
We identified 11 pathogenic variants in the type IV collagen genes (COL4A3, COL4A4 and COL4A5). These pathogenic variants include eight missense mutations, two nonsense mutations and one frameshift mutation. Notably, Family 2 had degenic mutations in the COL4A3 (p.G1170A) and UMOD genes (p.M229K). Family 3 had a degenic missense mutation (p.G997E) in COL4A3 and a frameshift mutation (p.P502L fs*151) in COL4A4. To our knowledge, five of the 11 mutations are novel mutations. In addition, We found that COL4A5 mutation relation mRNA levels were significantly decreased compared to control, while the cellular localization remained the same.
Conclusions
Our research expands the spectrum of COL4A3-5 pathogenic variants, which is helpful for clinical and scientific research.
Development and validation of a prediction model on spontaneous preterm birth in twin pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yang Xiaofeng , Zong Qimei , Li Li , Chen Ya , Tang Chunyan , Liu Ting , Luo Shujuan , Xiong Jing , Wang Lan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background:This study was conducted to develop and validate an individualized prediction model for spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) in twin pregnancies.Methods:This case-control study included 3,845 patients who gave birth at the Chongqing Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2017 to December 2022.Both univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to find factors associated with sPTB. The associations were estimated using the odds ratio (OR) and the 95% confidence interval (CI).Model performance was estimated using sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).Results:A total of 1,313 and 564 cases were included in the training and testing sets, respectively. In the training set, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that age ≥ 35 years (OR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.67-3.13), pre-pregnancy underweight (OR, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.60-3.47), pre-pregnancy overweight (OR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.09-2.56), and obesity (OR, 10.45; 95% CI, 3.91-27.87), nulliparity (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.41-0.82), pre-pregnancy diabetes (OR, 5.81; 95% CI, 3.24-10.39), pre-pregnancy hypertension (OR, 2.79; 95% CI, 1.44-5.41), and cervical incompetence (OR,  5.12; 95% CI, 3.08-8.48) are independent risk factors for sPTB in twin pregnancies.The AUC of the training and validation set was 0.71 (95% CI, 0.68-0.74) and 0.68 (95% CI, 0.64-0.73), respectively. And then we integrated those risk factors to construct the nomogram.Conclusions:The nomogram developed for predicting the risk of sPTB in pregnant women with twins demonstrated good performance. The prediction nomogram serves as a practical tool by including all necessary predictors that are readily accessible to practitioners.
Development of an annotated Yoruba text corpus for automatic event extraction
Authors: Ademusire Adebisi Joseph , Ninan Olufemi D. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The study documents the development of an annotated Yoruba text corpus which serves as a fundamental reference for training and evaluating automatic event extraction models specifically designed for the Yoruba language. While notable corpora like ACE and ERE have been established for high-resource and extensively annotated languages, African languages such as Yoruba have faced limitations in information extraction due to the lack of annotated datasets for training and model evaluation. In this study, the researchers took the initiative to preprocess raw Yoruba text obtained from selected Yoruba folktale books, ensuring the correct placement of tone marks, and proceeded to annotate the data with events and their corresponding arguments, including temporal and spatial information, utilizing the widely recognized BIO annotation format. This meticulously developed corpus now fills a critical void and can serve as a solid foundation for any future research endeavours involving the Yoruba language in the domain of information extraction.