bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exogenous application of melatonin to mitigate drought stress-induced oxidative damage in Phoebe sheareri seedlings
Authors: Li Guifang , Li Yanzhen , Zhu Yuzi , Zheng Wenjun , Li Mengxi , Hu Jinlong , Fei Yongjun , Zhu Sijia 
Published: April 2023

Background
Drought stress is a major prevalent environmental factor impairing growth. Melatonin mitigates the impacts of drought stress on plants. However, melatonin’s role in Phoebe sheareri (Hemsl.) Gamble (P. sheareri) is unknown. We aimed to reveal the protective effects of melatonin on P. sheareri seedlings under drought conditions.

Methods
Melatonin was sprayed under drought or normal water conditions. The parameters, including growth, physiological factors, and phytohormones of P. sheareri, were examined.

Results
Compared to the normal control group, drought stress inhibited the growth of seedlings and significantly reduced the content of carotenoids, SOD, POD, APX, PPO, CAT, GR, and soluble sugars, and increased the contents of MDA, O2•−, proline, soluble proteins, ABA, and JA-Me in P. sheareri seedlings. However, melatonin treatment significantly reversed the adverse drought-induced responses and promoted the P. sheareri seedling’s growth. Moreover, the heatmap and principal component analysis suggested a high similarity in the behavior patterns of the six measured antioxidant enzymes in P. sheareri seedlings.

Conclusion
Our study reported for the first time that melatonin has a protective role in P. sheareri seedlings under drought-stress conditions. This role is related to ROS scavenging, activation of antioxidant enzymes, and crosstalk of phytohormones. This study provided a theoretical basis for improving the ability of P. sheareri adapted to arid environments.
High‐Responsivity Natural‐Electrolyte Undersea Photoelectrochemical Photodetector with Self‐Powered Cu@GaN Nanowires Network
Authors: Chen Han , Lin Zefeng , Qiu Hongwei , Tang Yan , Yang Shini , Zhao Jingtian , Zhou Qicheng , Wang Jun , Liu Guozhen , Zhao Yang , Chen Dongsheng , Luo Zhibin , Xu Feiya , Huang Shengli , Chen Xiaohong , Li Shuping , Cai Duanjun , Kang Junyong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractUndersea optical communication (UOC) has been considered as the most potential next‐generation underwater wireless communication technology for ocean exploration. Photodetector is the essential component in UOC system, however, the harsh undersea environment like light attenuation and seawater corrosivity restricts the applications of conventional photodetectors. Herein, a novel natural‐electrolyte self‐powered photoelectrochemical (PEC) photodetector based on core‐shell structured Cu@GaN nanowires (NWs) network is demonstrated and direct utilization of seawater. High quality GaN shell is encapsulated on the Cu NWs network through Ga‐coating and high temperature nitridation processes. A Schottky junction along radial direction has formed at the Cu/GaN interface due to the outward diffusion of Cu into the GaN layer. Such a structure provides narrowed band detection on blue light as well as efficient carrier separation. A self‐powered undersea PEC photodetector is designed with a mini‐pipes connected device chamber, which allows direct indrawing of seawater and blue channel light communication (458 nm). This photodetector works stably for UOC in both shallow and deep‐sea conditions in Pacific Ocean area. It shows a high responsivity up to 5.04 mA W−1 and rapid response time of 0.68 ms. This photodetector can be easily integrated to marine equipment without waterproof packaging for the future energy‐saving UOC.
A Modified Small Intestinal Submucosa Patch with Multifunction to Promote Scarless Repair and Reinvigoration of Urethra
Authors: Huang Li‐Ping , Liu Yuan , Li Qian‐Jin , Zhang Wen‐Qian , Wu Chen‐Yu , Zhao Long‐Mei , Xie Hui‐Qi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo reconstruct and restore the functions of the male urethra is a challenging task for urologists. The acellular matrix graft currently used in the clinics is mono‐functional and may cause a series of complications including stricture, fibrosis, and stone formation. As a result, such graft materials cannot meet the increasing demand for multifunctionality in the field of urethral tissue engineering. In this context, a multifunctional urethral patch is designed for the repair of urethral defects by mixing protocatechualdehyde (PCA) with small intestinal submucosa (SIS) under an alkalin condition to allow cross linking. As shown, the PCA/SIS patch possesses excellent biocompatibility, antioxidant activity, and anti‐inflammatory property. More importantly, this patch can remarkably promote the adhesion, proliferation, and directional extension of rabbit bladder epithelial mucous cells (R‐EMCs) as well as rabbit bladder smooth muscle cells (R‐SMCs), and upregulate the expression of cytokeratin in the EMCs and contractile protein in the SMCs in vitro. In vivo experiments also confirm that the PCA/SIS patch can significantly enhance scarless repair of urethral defects in rabbits by facilitating smooth muscle regeneration, reducing excessive collagen deposition, and accelerating re‐epithelialization and neovascularization. Taken together, the newly developed multifunctional PCA/SIS patch provides a promising candidate for urethral regeneration.
Fermi Surface Topology and Rashba‐Edelstein Charge‐Spin Conversion in Lead‐Halide Perovskites
Authors: Filippetti Alessio , Wadhwa Payal , Caddeo Claudia , Mattoni Alessandro 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe conversion of charge current into spin current by the Rashba–Edelstein effect enables the reciprocal control of electron charge and magnetization in magnetoelectric and magneto‐optical devices. The fundamentals of this effect are described in 3D lead‐halide perovskites: due to spin‐momentum locking, a strong charge‐spin conversion, widely tunable by the injected charge density, is envisaged. The analysis highlights the close relationship between charge‐spin conversion and the topological transition occurring from the low‐density, torus‐shaped Fermi surface (genus 1) to the high‐density, simply connected Fermi surfaces (genus 0). At room temperature, spin‐polarizations as large as ≈10% are obtained for input charge currents in the ≈102 to 106 Acm−2 range; at low temperature, almost full spin‐polarization can be achieved, owed to the large, impurity scattering‐limited mobilities. The results qualify lead‐halide perovskites as suitable materials for spin‐orbitronic applications.
Guided Wave Tomography of Surface Defects Based on the Method of Moments
Authors: Qian Zhi , Wang Bin , Zhang Yinghong , Wang Songhao , Li Peng , Qian Zhenghua , Kuznetsova Iren 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe detection and evaluation of corrosion, cracks, flaws, and other imperfections in aged structures are critical for enhancing safety and evaluating residual service life in structural health monitoring (SHM) and nondestructive testing (NDT). A guided wave tomography based on the method of moments (MOM) for exact detection of the surface defects in plates, including their profile, size, and position is proposed in this paper. The mathematical relationship between the plate thickness and the objective function is derived theoretically for the A0 mode. Based on the obtained relationship, a plate thickness imaging technique is proposed. The efficiency of the proposed technique is confirmed by the results of numerical simulation and experimental data. Center and off‐center surface defects are considered. 64 probes are evenly distributed in a circle outside the defect to capture omnidirectional wave signals. Both numerical and experimental results demonstrate that the guided wave tomography proposed can effectively reconstruct the spatial plate thickness distribution, enabling the precise identification of the defect's shape, depth, and position. The qualitative analysis and quantitative data provide effective guidance for NDT or SHM technologies in engineering.
Regulating the Solvation Structure of Electrolyte via Dual–Salt Combination for Stable Potassium Metal Batteries
Authors: Park Jimin , Oh Gwangeon , Kim Un‐Hyuck , Alfaruqi Muhammad Hilmy , Xu Xieyu , Liu Yangyang , Xiong Shizhao , Zikri Adi Tiara , Sun Yang‐Kook , Kim Jaekook , Hwang Jang‐Yeon 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBatteries using potassium metal (K‐metal) anode are considered a new type of low‐cost and high‐energy storage device. However, the thermodynamic instability of the K‐metal anode in organic electrolyte solutions causes uncontrolled dendritic growth and parasitic reactions, leading to rapid capacity loss and low Coulombic efficiency of K‐metal batteries. Herein, an advanced electrolyte comprising 1 M potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (KFSI) + 0.05 M potassium hexafluorophosphate (KPF6) dissolved in dimethoxyethane (DME) is introduced as a simple and effective strategy of regulated solvation chemistry, showing an enhanced interfacial stability of the K‐metal anode. Incorporating 0.05 M KPF6into the 1 M KFSI in DME electrolyte solution decreases the number of solvent molecules surrounding the K ion and simultaneously leads to facile K+de‐solvation. During the electrodeposition process, these unique features can lower the exchange current density between the electrolyte and K‐metal anode, thereby improving the uniformity of K electrodeposition, as well as potentially suppressing dendritic growth. Even under a high current density of 4 mA cm−2, the K‐metal anode in 0.05 M KPF6‐containing electrolyte ensures high areal capacity and an unprecedented lifespan with stable Coulombic efficiency in both symmetrical half‐cells and full‐cells employing a sulfurized polyacrylonitrile cathode.
Irma Weinberg's 1928 paper “on the problem of the determination of heredity prognosis: The risk in the cousins of schizophrenics”
Authors: Kendler Kenneth S. , Klee Astrid , Engstrom Eric J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIrma Weinberg, a German‐Jewish Neuropsychiatrist/Physician, authored the fourth report from the German Research Institute for Psychiatry in Munich examining the risk for dementia praecox (DP) in particular relatives of DP probands, here first‐cousins. She examined 977 cousins of 54 DP probands and found a best‐estimate risk of 1.4%. She conducted within‐study analyses, showing a much higher risk for DP in the siblings than cousins of DP probands. She studied DP‐related personalities showing a familial link between these conditions and risk for DP. She demonstrated that the risk for DP in cousins was impacted substantially by the distribution, in ancestors, of psychosis and personality abnormalities. After completing work on this article, Weinberg worked in private practice in Frankfurt, emigrating to the Netherlands in 1934, where she worked at a Jewish psychiatric hospital. In 1943, German occupiers evacuated the hospital, transporting the patients and staff, either directly to Auschwitz or, like Weinberg, to the Westerbork transit camp. On September 4, 1944, Dr. Weinberg was transported to Theresienstadt and soon thereafter to Auschwitz, where she was murdered at the age of 53. Her history raises painful questions about the relationship between genetic studies of psychiatric illness in prewar Germany and the Holocaust.
Screening for urinary markers predicting hematopoietic stem cell injury induced by busulfan using genetically diverse mice
Authors: Sun Yuhang , Guan Bowen , Liu Xing , Zhang Lingyan , Wang Xinpei , Meng Aimin , Gao Ran 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundBusulfan (BU) is an alkylating agent used as a conditioning agent prior to hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation as it is known to be cytotoxic to host hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. The susceptibility of HSCs to BU injury plays an important role in the myeloablative efficacy of BU. Different susceptibilities were demonstrated in genetically diverse (GD) mice in our preliminary research.MethodsThree strains of GD mice with different susceptibilities to BU‐induced HSC injury were used for screening biological markers of HSC injury susceptibility in urine. The urine proteins were analyzed using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry to screen for differentially expressed proteins. Screening for possible biomarkers based on differences in protein expression abundance was validated using enzyme‐linked immunoassay (ELISA).ResultsFunctional analysis showed that the differential proteins were all involved in a series of biological pathways related to cellular senescence, apoptosis, and angiogenesis; whereas the differential proteins of the high‐susceptible strain were enriched for the regulation of bone marrow microenvironment pathways, those of low‐susceptible strain were enriched for the proapoptotic effect of GTPase pathways. Based on protein abundance differences, several urinary proteins that may be indicative of susceptibility were screened, and ELISA validation results showed that angiotensin‐converting enzyme may be a potential biomarker predicting HSC susceptibility for BU conditioning.ConclusionsThis study indicates that urinary protein levels can reflect differences in susceptibility to BU‐induced HSC injury. Using GD mice to construct genetic difference models will provide preclinical data for screening BU‐related biological markers.
Methoden für digitale 3D‐Lagebilder: Erfahrungen aus dem Hochwasser 2021
Authors: Schwarz Jochen , Maiwald Holger , Abrahamczyk Lars , Hallermann Norman , Morgenthal Guido 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDas Hochwasserereignis vom Juli 2021 hat in den besonders betroffenen Gebieten von Rheinland‐Pfalz und Nordrhein‐Westfalen schwere strukturelle Schäden an der allgemeinen Bebauung und der Infrastruktur hinterlassen. Zur Bewältigung der Folgen und Vorbereitung künftiger Ereignisse wurden verschiedene Forschungsprojekte initiiert, deren inhaltliche Abstimmung und Verzahnung durch die Autoren im Bereich der Lagebilderstellung in Form von themendifferenzierten Workshops angestrebt wurde. Der Beitrag konzentriert sich auf die Erhebung und Aufbereitung von Schadensdaten sowie erste methodische Ansätze, die Lagebilderstellung aus der Sicht der verschiedenen Hauptakteure konzeptionell zu strukturieren und im Zeitfenster effizient zu gestalten. Im Ergebnis stehen Elemente eines (noch ausstehenden) Tools für die schnelle Lageeinschätzung und Unterstützung der Einsatzkräfte, die Begründung von Maßnahmen zur temporären Gebäudesicherung und Unterstützung des Wiederaufbaus auf Basis von belastbaren Risikoszenarien und Schadensprognosen. Anhand und nach Auswertung verfügbarer Daten‐ und Informationsquellen wird dargestellt, wie rein technisch (Befliegung) sowie empirisch (auf Basis weiterentwickelter Schadensfunktionen) die Erstellung von Lagebildern qualifiziert und die Verfügbarkeit entscheidungsrelevanter Informationen zeitlich vorgelagert werden kann. Schlussfolgerungen und Empfehlungen aus den Untersuchungen und Workshops werden aus Anwendersicht zusammengefasst.
Associations between resting‐state neural connectivity and positive affect in social anxiety disorder
Authors: Carlton Corinne N. , Antezana Ligia , Richey John A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionSocial anxiety disorder (SAD) has been characterized by deficits in social motivation and lack of reactivity to pleasurable stimuli (i.e., positive affect; [PA]). Recent neuroimaging work has shifted toward examining positively valenced motivational systems in SAD focused on reward responses. However, little is known about the associations of reward connectivity and PA in individuals with SAD. As such, the purpose of the current study was to determine whether connectivity among key units of reward neurocircuitry meaningfully relate to PA and whether these key units are more heterogeneous in SAD as compared to controls.MethodsThirty‐one participants who met diagnostic criteria for SAD and 33 control participants were included (Mage = 24.8, SD = 6.9; 55% cisgender man). Seed‐based timeseries correlations were conducted in NiTime to extract region of interest (ROI) coupling correlation strength values. ANOVAs were carried out to assess whether individuals with SAD differed in ROI‐to‐ROI connectivity strength as compared to controls. Correlations and variance analyses were also conducted to examine the relationship between ROI‐to‐ROI connectivity strength and PA, as well as heterogeneity in connectivity strength and PA expression.ResultsWeaker connectivity between the left and right orbital frontal cortex was observed when comparing the SAD to the control group. Within the SAD group, PA was associated with several reward‐related ROI couplings; however, these links were not observed among controls. Results further demonstrated that individuals with SAD had significantly more variability in reward connectivity strength as compared to controls.ConclusionOverall, these results provide emergent evidence for the association between reward regions and PA in individuals with SAD. Additionally, these findings show that individuals with SAD demonstrate greater heterogeneity in reward connectivity.
Roles of LGB group identity in the relationship between perceived discrimination and mental health: A survey in China
Authors: Lyu Mengyu Andy 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIdentifying with a minority group may protect one's psychological well‐being from the harm of group discrimination. This study tested this theory with lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB) individuals in a non‐Western cultural context. A total of 240 LGB individuals living in mainland China responded to an online survey. Roles of group identification and its three dimensions (i.e., behavioural engagement, cognitive clarity, and affective pride) were explored in the association between perceived discrimination and psychological outcomes (i.e., psychological well‐being and distress). Results of fitting mediation models and regression models with moderators indicated that group identification was neither a significant mediator nor a moderator in the association between perceived discrimination and psychological outcomes. Nevertheless, perceived discrimination was found to positively predict group identification, and group identification was found to positively predict psychological well‐being after controlling for perceived discrimination, sexual orientation, and gender. Additionally, the three dimensions of group identification had different implications: cognitive clarity, not behavioural engagement or affective pride, predicted psychological well‐being and distress. These findings drew attention to the multidimensionality of group identity and the potential impacts of the unique societal context on sexual‐minority group identity. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.
Portable diagnostics can help detect, prevent student‐athlete injuries during practices, competitions
Authors: Stackpole Allison 
Published: April 2023

Medical emergencies involving athletes have made national headlines recently, resulting in increased concern and attention regarding the cardiovascular evaluation and overall care of college student‐athletes. And the rise in sudden cardiac events among athletes has led to a heightened sense of urgency to perform screenings before, during, and after the competitive seasons. In the United States, approximately 125 sudden cardiac deaths occur during competitive sports activities each year.
Evaluation of Neurotoxicity With Human Pluripotent Stem Cell–Derived Cerebral Organoids
Authors: Parmentier Thomas , LaMarre Jonathan , Lalonde Jasmin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe recent development of human cerebral organoids provides an invaluable in vitro model of human brain development to assess the toxicity of natural or man‐made toxic substances. By recapitulating key aspects of early human neurodevelopment, investigators can evaluate with this three‐dimensional (3D) model the effect of certain compounds on the formation of neuronal networks and their electrophysiological properties with more physiological relevance than neurons grown in monolayers and in cultures composed of a unique cell type. This promising potential has contributed to the development of a large number of diverse protocols to generate human cerebral organoids, making interlaboratory comparisons of results difficult. Based on a previously published protocol to generate human cortical organoids (herein called cerebral organoids), we detail several approaches to evaluate the effect of chemicals on neurogenesis, apoptosis, and neuronal function when exogenously applied to cultured specimens. Here, we take as an example 4‐aminopyridine, a potassium channel blocker that modulates the activity of neurons and neurogenesis, and describe a simple and cost‐effective way to test the impact of this agent on cerebral organoids derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. We also provide tested protocols to evaluate neurogenesis in cerebral organoids with ethynyl deoxyuridine labeling and neuronal activity with live calcium imaging and microelectrode arrays. Together, these protocols should facilitate the implementation of cerebral organoid technologies in laboratories wishing to evaluate the effects of specific compounds or conditions on the development and function of human neurons with only basic cell culture equipment. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Generation of human cerebral organoids from pluripotent stem cellsSupport Protocol 1: Human pluripotent stem cell cultureBasic Protocol 2: Evaluation of neurogenesis in cerebral organoids with ethynyl deoxyuridine labelingBasic Protocol 3: Calcium imaging in cerebral organoidsBasic Protocol 4: Electrophysiological evaluation of cerebral organoids with microelectrode arraysSupport Protocol 2: Immunostaining of cerebral organoids
Ectopic adrenal cortical tissue presenting as gastrohepatic ligament “lymph node” diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration: A case report
Authors: Ho Linh , Policarpio‐Nicolas Maria Luisa C. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEctopic adrenal cortical tissue has been reported in several locations, most often involving the retroperitoneal fat close to the adrenal gland. The reported cases presenting adjacent or proximal to the stomach are rare and mostly diagnosed on histology. To our knowledge, the cytologic features of ectopic adrenal cortical tissue diagnosed on fine needle aspiration are not well documented in the cytology literature. We describe the cytologic features of ectopic adrenal cortex which initially presented on imaging study as an enlarged gastrohepatic ligament “lymph node” on a patient with gastric signet ring cell carcinoma. The aspirates showed small clusters and cords of uniform cells with abundant vacuolated to densely compact cytoplasm, occasionally stripped nuclei, and delicate frayed cytoplasmic membranes dispersed in a bubbly, vacuolated background. Immunohistochemical stains performed on the corresponding cell block showed these cells were positive for SF‐1 and negative for PAX 8. The corresponding biopsy showed similar findings in addition to immunoreactivity to inhibin. Because the cytologic features of ectopic adrenal cortical tissue especially on unusual sites could easily mimic malignant neoplasms, familiarity with the cytologic features in conjunction with immunohistochemical stains are key in arriving at the correct diagnosis and avoiding misdiagnosis.