bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Small bowel lymphangioma: a multidisciplinary approach to diagnostic uncertainty
Authors: Nichols Molly Mead , Lockhart Ruqayya , Rathbone Michael , Reading Nicholas , Sheshappanavar Vinayata , Davies John 
Published: January 2025

Intra-abdominal lymphangioma, a rare benign lymphatic malformation resulting from an obstruction to lymphatic channels, often has non-specific clinical manifestations. Low incidence rates of this condition, paired with its unusual presentation and ambiguous radiological appearance, commonly lead to diagnostic uncertainty. This pathology can result in significant morbidity and mortality, emphasising the need to achieve early diagnosis and management despite these challenges.Here, we discuss a case of a young woman with a small bowel lymphangioma presenting with abdominal pain and explore the difficulties and successes throughout this patient’s complex diagnostic and management journey.This case reinforces the importance of strong multidisciplinary teamwork and communication, as well as the delivery of patient-centred care, when managing patients presenting with non-specific clinical signs and symptoms. The patient’s perspective highlights the impact such uncertainty can have on the patient experience, emphasising the importance of holistic patient management, considering a patient’s psychological as well as physiological needs.
Randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial protocol to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of lyophilised faecal microbiota capsules amended with next-generation beneficial bacteria in individuals with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis
Authors: Augustijn Quinten J. J. , Grefhorst Aldo , de Groen Pleun , Wortelboer Koen , Seegers Jos F ML , Gül Ismail Sahin , Suenaert Peter , Verheij Joanne , de Vos Willem M. , Herrema Hilde , Nieuwdorp Max , Holleboom Adriaan G. 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe spectrum of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is highly prevalent, affecting 30% of the world’s population, with a significant risk of hepatic and cardiometabolic complications. Different stages of MASLD are accompanied by distinct gut microbial profiles, and several microbial components have been implicated in MASLD pathophysiology. Indeed, earlier studies demonstrated that hepatic necroinflammation was reduced in individuals with MASLD after allogenic faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from healthy donors on a vegan diet. Here, we further investigate the therapeutic potential of gut microbiome modulation using a syntrophic combination of next-generation beneficial bacteria with FMT in individuals with advanced MASLD.Methods and analysisThis trial is a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study investigating the therapeutic potential of lyophilised faecal microbiota capsules (LFMCs) in individuals with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis. In this study, 48 participants will be randomised 1:1 to receive either healthy vegan donor LFMCs or placebo for 24 weeks. In addition, all participants will be supplemented with a set of next-generation beneficial bacteria, includingAnaerobutyricum soehngenii, pasteurisedAkkermansia muciniphilaandBifidobacterium animalissubsp.lactis, as well as fructo-oligosaccharides. A liver biopsy will be performed at baseline and at the end of the trial. In addition, participants will be assessed through MRI, FibroScan, blood tests, faecal samples and continuous glucose monitoring. The first participant was enrolled on 25 April 2023.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was obtained from the Medical Ethics Committee of the University Medical Centre of Amsterdam. The results of this study will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals.Trial Registration numberThe trial is registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05821010).
Mediating effects of social support between telework and well-being: protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Vacchiano Mattia , Fernandez Guillaume , Fernandez-Garcia Javier 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionResearch on telework has grown dramatically in recent years, leading to a fragmented set of findings on its effect on workers’ well-being. One of the most studied social mechanisms concerns how telework alters the transmission of social support between family members and coworkers, which turns out to be a mediating factor between teleworking and well-being. This research contributes to the understanding of this issue by analysing the existing evidence on the effect of telework on social support and well-being before, during and after the pandemic.Methods and analysisFollowing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we will systematically synthesise evidence about the mediating effect of social support in the relation between telework and well-being. Three databases will be used to search the literature addressing this issue: Social Sciences Citation Index (Web of Science), Sociological Abstracts (PROQUEST) and SocINDEX with full text (EBSCOhost). Quantitative and qualitative studies published in peer-reviewed journals, in English and French, from January 2000 to June 2024 will be included in this systematic review. Double screening procedure with data quality assessments will be carried out by three researchers independently for up to 20% of the studies. Conflicts will be resolved for the completion of the remaining 80% of the studies by two researchers. The literature review aims to systematise the links between telework, social support and well-being by identifying the different dimensions and mechanisms that link these three aspects. The information will be synthesised using Qualitative Content Analysis. Additional analysis will be performed using the term frequency–inverse document frequency (TF-IDF).Ethics and disseminationThis is a protocol for a systematic review. Aggregate published data is used; therefore, no ethical approval is required. The results of the review will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and presentations at conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42024554590.
Five principles to prioritise in small-scale surgical quality improvement: a qualitative study of the views of surgical improvement leaders
Authors: Ko Clifford Y , Giusti Alessandra , Martin Graham , Dixon-Woods Mary 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveVariations in the quality and safety of surgical care remain persistent. Efforts to improve are needed, but are themselves variably effective, with often disappointing impacts. When compared with large-scale, multisite and better resourced improvement efforts, the evidence base for small-scale quality improvement (QI) has remained under-developed and lacking in clarity on good practice. We aimed to identify experienced leaders’ views on the principles that should guide small-scale QI projects in surgery.MethodsTwo rounds of virtual focus groups were conducted with 10 QI leaders, comprising surgeons, anaesthetists and nurses from three countries (Ireland, the UK and the USA). All participants had formal training in improvement techniques and at least 10 years’ experience leading small-scale QI efforts in surgery. Analysis was informed by the principles of the constant comparative method together with content analysis.ResultsAnalysis of the focus groups identified five principles to prioritise for small-scale surgical QI: ensure high-quality planning before project launch; understand the problem to be solved to define focused project aims; ensure improvement efforts are sensitive to time, capacity and local context; assemble the right improvement team and engage the relevant stakeholders; and use of a clear, structured framework to guide QI is likely to be very helpful.ConclusionsThis study identifies five principles likely to be useful in guiding better surgical QI in frontline settings. These principles can help inform a structured framework to support small-scale surgical improvement efforts.
Association between changes in walking time and all-cause mortality among survivors of the Great East Japan Earthquake: the Research Project for Prospective Investigation of Health Problems Among Survivors of the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster (RIAS) study
Authors: Kuno Junji , Tsubota-Utsugi Megumi , Shimoda Haruki , Takusari Eri , Takanashi Nobuyuki , Onoda Toshiyuki , Tanno Kozo , Sakata Kiyomi 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionSeveral studies have investigated the association between physical activity (PA) and all-cause mortality. However, no study has systematically examined the association between PA changes and all-cause mortality among residents of disaster-stricken areas. This study aimed to clarify the association between PA changes and the risk of all-cause mortality among survivors of the Great East Japan Earthquake.MethodsAt two time points from 2011 to 2012, 2138 men and 3683 women responded to a question about walking time. The cut-off value was set at 30 min, and PA changes were evaluated using responses regarding walking time over 2 years. Participants were classified into four groups according to PA changes: high stable, increasing, decreasing and low stable. Using a Cox regression model, multivariate-adjusted HRs and 95% CIs for all-cause mortality, according to PA changes, were calculated after adjusting for age, area, smoking status, drinking status, grip strength, psychological distress, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, residential status and current job status.ResultsDuring the 5-year follow-up, 241 deaths occurred. Compared with that of the high stable group, the decreasing group had a higher risk of all-cause mortality; multivariate-adjusted HRs were 2.40 and 2.43 for men and women, respectively. Among women, the low stable group also had a higher risk of all-cause mortality compared with that of the high stable group.ConclusionOur findings indicate the importance of assessing PA and creating an environment to allow its maintenance as early as possible after large-scale natural disasters.
Impact of exposure to opioids in pregnancy on offspring developmental outcomes in the preschool years: an umbrella review
Authors: Robertson Senga , Hughes Thomas , Boardman James , McFadden Alison , Whittaker Anne , Marryat Louise 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundEarly child development sets the course for optimal outcomes across life. Increasing numbers of children worldwide are exposed to opioids in pregnancy and frequently live in environments associated with adverse developmental outcomes. Although multiple systematic reviews have been published in this area, they use different exposures and different types of outcomes. This umbrella review aims to bring together these systematic reviews to provide a comprehensive overview of the evidence around the association between prenatal opioid exposure and preschool developmental outcomes.MethodsPubMed, MedLine, PsycInfo and Google Scholar were searched up to July 2024. Eligible studies were systematic reviews, meta-analyses or scoping reviews exploring prenatal opioid exposure (illicit opioids and prescribed treatments for opioid dependence) and developmental outcomes up to age 5. Reviews were screened by two authors. Quality assessment was undertaken using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist for umbrella reviews. Degree of overlap was examined. Due to heterogeneity within the sample, no meta-analyses were undertaken and results were synthesised narratively.Results11 reviews were included containing 478 individual papers. The overlap was slight (corrected cover area=5%). Developmental outcomes associated with prenatal opioid exposure included visual function, motor skills, externalising problems and language difficulties. No conclusive evidence was available for cognitive development or internalising symptoms. In cognitive, and motor, skills, findings differed by age, with later preschool findings being weaker. Authors frequently highlighted issues with poor quality research in the original studies, including small sample sizes and lack of controlling for confounding.ConclusionsMultiple areas of child development were associated with prenatal opioid exposure; however, evidence was weak. Robust research, with larger sample sizes and adequate accounting for confounding, is needed to provide accurate information for women of childbearing age and practitioners to guide policy and ensure that appropriate funding, support and follow-up are in place.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022307992.
Postmarketing safety evaluation of belimumab: a pharmacovigilance analysis
Authors: Li Huqun , Xie Wenlong , Wang Chongshu , Guo Cuilian 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveThe present study aimed to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the postmarketing safety of belimumab based on the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database.MethodsAdverse event (AE) reports in the FAERS database from January 2021 to December 2023 were extracted to perform the disproportionality analysis by calculating the reporting OR. The clinical characteristics and onset times of AEs were investigated. The differences across ages and regions in belimumab-related AEs were also explored.ResultsA total of 4 974 201 AE reports were retrieved from the FAERS database, among which 9782 reports were related to belimumab. 485 positive safety signals related to belimumab were identified. In addition to the labelled AEs, such as depression and infections, new unexpected AEs, including product dose omission issue and inappropriate schedule of product administration, were identified. The median onset time of belimumab-related AEs was 75 days. Moreover, our analysis revealed frequently reported AEs in paediatric patients, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, and in adult patients, such as injection site pain. Additionally, AEs such as drug ineffective were commonly reported in patients of North America, Asia and Europe, while AEs, including an inappropriate schedule of product administration, had a high incidence in patients of South America.ConclusionThe current study provides a valuable evaluation of the postmarketing safety of belimumab. Further studies are required to validate and confirm these findings. Clinicians should be vigilant regarding these potential AEs and pay more attention to the proper dosage regimen of belimumab in clinical practice.
On Two-Handed Planar Assembly Partitioning with Connectivity Constraints
Authors: Agarwal Pankaj , Aronov Boris , Geft Tzvika , Halperin Dan 
Published: January 2025

Assembly planning is a fundamental problem in robotics and automation, which involves designing a sequence of motions to bring the separate constituent parts of a product into their final placement in the product. Assembly planning is naturally cast as a disassembly problem, giving rise to the
assembly partitioning
subproblem: Given a set

\(A\)

of parts, find a subset

\(S\subset A\)

, referred to as a subassembly, such that

\(S\)

can be rigidly translated to infinity along a prescribed direction without colliding with

\(A\setminus S\)

. While assembly partitioning is efficiently solvable, it is further desirable for the parts of a subassembly to be easily held together. This motivates the problem that we study, called
connected-assembly-partitioning
, which additionally requires each of the two subassemblies,

\(S\)

and

\(A\setminus S\)

, to be connected. We obtain the following results.

We show that this problem is NP-complete, settling an open question posed by Wilson et al. (1995) a quarter of a century ago, even when

\(A\)

consists of unit-grid squares (i.e.,

\(A\)

is polyomino-shaped). For assemblies composed of polygons, we also show that deciding whether complete (dis)assembly is possible by repeatedly applying connected-assembly-partitioning, is NP-complete. Towards these results, we prove the NP-hardness of a new
Planar 3-SAT
variant having an adjacency requirement for variables appearing in the same clause, which may be of independent interest.

On the positive side, we give an

\(O(2^{k}n^{2})\)

-time fixed-parameter tractable algorithm (requiring low degree polynomial-time preprocessing) for an assembly

\(A\)

consisting of polygons in the plane, where

\(n=|A|\)

and

\(k=|S|\)

. We also describe a special case of unit-grid square assemblies, where a connected partition can always be found in

\(O(n)\)

-time.
Beyond Routine Maintenance: Current Trends in Working Memory Research
Authors: Adam Kirsten C. S. , Klatt Laura-Isabelle , Miller Jacob A. , Rösner Marlene , Fukuda Keisuke , Kiyonaga Anastasia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Working memory (WM) is an evolving concept. Our understanding of the neural functions that support WM develops iteratively alongside the approaches used to study it, and both can be profoundly shaped by available tools and prevailing theoretical paradigms. Here, the organizers of the 2024 Working Memory Symposium—inspired by this year's meeting—highlight current trends and looming questions in WM research. This review is organized into sections describing (1) ongoing efforts to characterize WM function across sensory modalities, (2) the growing appreciation that WM representations are malleable to context and future actions, (3) the enduring problem of how multiple WM items and features are structured and integrated, and (4) new insights about whether WM shares function with other cognitive processes that have conventionally been considered distinct. This review aims to chronicle where the field is headed and calls attention to issues that are paramount for future research.
Infectious keratitis following photorefractive keratectomy: a 13-year study at a tertiary center
Authors: Attar Alireza , Jamali Hossein , Ortega-Usobiaga Julio , Mahmoudinezhad Golnoush , Zhu Dagny , Mohammadi Mohammad 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Introduction
Infectious keratitis is a rare but devastating complication following photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) that may lead to visual impairment. This study assessed the clinical features, treatment strategies, and outcomes of post-PRK infectious keratitis.

Methods
This retrospective study was conducted on patients with post-PRK infectious keratitis presenting to Khalili Hospital, Shiraz, Iran, from June 2011 to March 2024. The study was conducted in two stages: the first stage assessed the incidence of post-PRK infectious keratitis among patients who underwent PRK at our center, while the second stage included all patients with post-PRK infectious keratitis, regardless of where their PRK was performed. The following data were collected: demographics, post-surgery presentation time, risk factors, culture results, treatments, follow-up duration, complications, and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) at admission and the last follow-up.

Results
Forty-two patients (42 eyes) with a mean age of 28.74 years (male-to-female ratio of 1.2:1) were included. Among 38,938 PRK procedures performed at our center, the incidence of keratitis was estimated to be 0.018% (7/38,938). The odds of keratitis during the COVID-19 pandemic were 7.05 times higher (95% CI: 1.58 to 31.52, p-value = 0.015) than outside this timeframe (February 2020 to August 2023). Gram-positive bacteria were the most commonly isolated pathogens in microbiological studies, accounting for 45.2% (19/42) of cases. Early-onset infections were primarily caused by Staphylococcus aureus (9/26, 34.6%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (4/26, 15.4%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4/26, 15.4%), whereas all of the cases with fungi (4/4, 100% (and Acanthamoeba (3/3, 100%) infections caused late-onset infections. All patients received broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy, followed by adjusted treatment based on microbial results. Cases developing endophthalmitis and those not responding to treatment or having non-resolving corneal scars required further interventions, such as penetrating keratoplasty and deep vitrectomy. The mean follow-up duration was 40.81 months, and 97.6% (41/42) of cases experienced CDVA improvement at follow-up.

Conclusion
This long-term study found a post-PRK keratitis rate of 0.018%, with gram-positive bacteria as the most common pathogens. Prompt management and regular follow-up assessments are essential for achieving satisfactory outcomes.
Human-centered design of a health recommender system for orthopaedic shoulder treatment
Authors: Singh Akanksha , Schooley Benjamin , Mobley John , Mobley Patrick , Lindros Sydney , Brooks John M. , Floyd Sarah B. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Rich data on diverse patients and their treatments and outcomes within Electronic Health Record (EHR) systems can be used to generate real world evidence. A health recommender system (HRS) framework can be applied to a decision support system application to generate data summaries for similar patients during the clinical encounter to assist physicians and patients in making evidence-based shared treatment decisions.

Objective
A human-centered design (HCD) process was used to develop a HRS for treatment decision support in orthopaedic medicine, the Informatics Consult for Individualized Treatment (I-C-IT). We also evaluate the usability and utility of the system from the physician’s perspective, focusing on elements of utility and shared decision-making in orthopaedic medicine.

Methods
The HCD process for I-C-IT included 6 steps across three phases of analysis, design, and evaluation. A team of health informatics and comparative effectiveness researchers directly engaged with orthopaedic surgeon subject matter experts in a collaborative I-C-IT prototype design process. Ten orthopaedic surgeons participated in a mixed methods evaluation of the I-C-IT prototype that was produced.

Results
The HCD process resulted in a prototype system, I-C-IT, with 14 data visualization elements and a set of design principles crucial for HRS for decision support. The overall standard system usability scale (SUS) score for the I-C-IT Webapp prototype was 88.75 indicating high usability. In addition, utility questions addressing shared decision-making found that 90% of orthopaedic surgeon respondents either strongly agreed or agreed that I-C-IT would help them make data informed decisions with their patients.

Conclusion
The HCD process produced an HRS prototype that is capable of supporting orthopaedic surgeons and patients in their information needs during clinical encounters. Future research should focus on refining I-C-IT by incorporating patient feedback in future iterative cycles of system design and evaluation.
Challenges of reproducible AI in biomedical data science
Authors: Han Henry 
Published: January 2025

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing biomedical data science at an unprecedented pace, transforming various aspects of the field with remarkable speed and depth. However, a critical issue remains unclear: how reproducible are the AI models and systems employed in biomedical data science? In this study, we examine the challenges of AI reproducibility by analyzing the factors influenced by data, model, and learning complexities, as well as through a game-theoretical perspective. While adherence to reproducibility standards is essential for the long-term advancement of AI, the conflict between following these standards and aligning with researchers’ personal goals remains a significant hurdle in achieving AI reproducibility.