bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In materia implementation strategies of physical reservoir computing with memristive nanonetworks
Authors: Milano Gianluca , Montano Kevin , Ricciardi Carlo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Physical reservoir computing (RC) represents a computational framework that exploits information-processing capabilities of programmable matter, allowing the realization of energy-efficient neuromorphic hardware with fast learning and low training cost. Despite self-organized memristive networks have been demonstrated as physical reservoir able to extract relevant features from spatiotemporal input signals, multiterminal nanonetworks open the possibility for novel strategies of computing implementation. In this work, we report on implementation strategies of in materia RC with self-assembled memristive networks. Besides showing the spatiotemporal information processing capabilities of self-organized nanowire networks, we show through simulations that the emergent collective dynamics allows unconventional implementations of RC where the same electrodes can be used as both reservoir inputs and outputs. By comparing different implementation strategies on a digit recognition task, simulations show that the unconventional implementation allows a reduction of the hardware complexity without limiting computing capabilities, thus providing new insights for taking full advantage of in materia computing toward a rational design of neuromorphic systems.
Band offsets of ITO/amorphous GaO
x
heterojunction determined by x-ray photoemission spectra
Authors: Zhang Junlin , Yuan Yidie , Yang Xiutao , Zheng Yujie , Zhang Hongguo , Zeng Guanggen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The band offsets of heterojunctions formed between indium tin oxide (ITO) and amorphous gallium oxide (a-GaO
x
) of different stoichiometric ratios were measured by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy using the Kraut method. a-GaO
x
films with different stoichiometric ratios were deposited on commercial ITO/quartz substrates using radio frequency magnetron sputtering by varying the Ar/O2 flux ratio. With the increase of oxygen flux in the reaction gas, the oxygen vacancy (VO) concentration of a-GaO
x
decreases and its bandgap increases from 5.2 eV to 5.32 eV, while the valence band offset of ITO/a-GaO
x
heterojunction changes from 0.29 ± 0.07 eV to −0.74 ± 0.06 eV and conduction band offset changes from 0.95 ± 0.085 to 2.10 ± 0.075 eV. The results indicate that the band alignment of ITO/a-GaO
x
heterojunction can change from type I to type II with the variation of Ga/O stoichiometric ratio, which can provide guidance for the design of their corresponding high-performance heterostructured devices.
Strong perpendicular anisotropic ferromagnet Fe3GeTe2/graphene van der Waals heterostructure
Authors: Zhao Bing , Karpiak Bogdan , Hoque Anamul Md , Dhagat Pallavi , Dash Saroj P 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Two-dimensional magnets offer a new platform for exploring fundamental properties in van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures and their device applications. Here, we investigated heterostructure devices of itinerant metallic vdW ferromagnet Fe3GeTe2 (FGT) with monolayer chemical vapor deposited graphene. The anomalous Hall effect measurements of FGT Hall-bar devices exhibit robust ferromagnetism with strong perpendicular anisotropy at low temperatures. The electrical transport properties measured in FGT/graphene heterostructure devices exhibit a tunneling transport with weak temperature dependence. We assessed the suitability of such FGT/graphene heterostructures for spin injection and detection and investigated the presence of FGT on possible spin absorption and spin relaxation in the graphene channel. These findings will be useful for engineering spintronic devices based on vdW heterostructures.
A novel test rig for the investigation of roller-cage impact of a needle roller bearing
Authors: Shi Zhifeng , LIU Jing 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The collisions between the roller and cage result in crack initiation and propagation leading to the fracture of the cage bridge. The impact forces applied to the needle roller-bearing cage bridge can change the cage's strain distribution, which is related to the relative speed of the roller and cage. In this work, a needle roller bearing roller-cage impact test rig is built to quantify cage strain and investigate the speed impacts on roller-cage impact forces. On the cage bridge, three crack sizes are machined and put on the needle roller bearing roller-cage impact test rig. The strain is measured by the strain gauge positioned on the cage. The encoder measures the shaft speed. The effects of impact speed and crack size on roller-cage impact force and cage deformation are investigated.
Adjustment for profile deviations of gear involute artefacts
Authors: Ling Ming , Ling Siying , Yu Dianqing , Wang Fengtao , Shi Zhaoyao , Wang Liding 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Gear involute artefact (GIA) is a kind of measurement standard for calibrating the gear involute measuring instrument. To reduce the profile form deviations and the difference of the profile slope deviations between the opposite flanks (left and right flank) of GIA, the effect of installation eccentricity on the profile deviations is analysed, and an adjustment method for profile deviations of GIA by the eccentric installation is proposed. The difference of profile slope deviations between the opposite flanks of GIA with designed base circle radius r
b = 100 mm changes from 0.31 μm to 0.1 μm after the adjustment through the eccentricity of the mandrel. The difference of profile slope deviations between the opposite flanks of GIA with designed base circle radius r
b = 60cos20° mm changes from 0.77 μm to 0.12 μm after the adjustment through a kind of rotary stroke bearing with eccentricity, meanwhile, the profile form deviations are reduced from 0.53 μm to 0.34 μm (right flank) and 0.89 μm to 0.46 μm (left flank). This adjustment method could improve the used accuracy of GIA without improving the machining accuracy of the involute and changing the measurement process of the measurement standard of GIA.
Optical response of plasmonic silver nanoparticles after treatment by a warm microwave plasma jet
Authors: Trahan J , Profili J , Robert-Bigras G , Mitronika M , Richard-Plouet M , Stafford L 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This work investigates the effect of plasma treatment on the morphology and composition of 15 × 15 mm2 silver nanoparticle (70–80 nm) thin films. The silver nanoparticles are deposited onto thermal silica (SiO2/Si) substrates by spin-coating, then they are treated by an open-to-air microwave argon plasma jet characterized by a neutral gas temperature of 2200 ± 200 K. Scanning electron microscopy analysis reveals that the number of isolated nanoparticles in the film sample decreases after exposure to multiple jet passes, and that polygonal structures with sharp corners and edges are produced. Similar structures with much rounder edges are obtained after conventional thermal annealing at temperatures up to 1300 K. Based on localized surface plasmon resonance analysis in the range of 350–800 nm, the main extinction band of silver nanoparticles experiences a redshift after treatment with the plasma jet or with thermal annealing. Moreover, both treatments induce surface oxidation of the nanoparticles, as evidenced by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. However, only the plasma-exposed samples exhibit a significant rise in the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) signal of oxidized silver at 960 cm−1. 29

×

29 μm2 mappings of hyperspectral Raman IMAging (RIMA) and multivariate curve resolution analysis by log-likelihood maximization demonstrate that the SERS signal is controlled by large-scale micrometer domains that exhibit sharp corners and edges.
Top-down synthesis and enhancing device adaptability of graphene quantum dots
Authors: Sun Fangyan , Ghosh Hrilina , Tan Zhongchao , Sivoththaman Siva 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Quantum dots (QD) are rapidly making their way into several application sectors including optoelectronics, and there is a strong need to focus on non-toxic QDs. In this work, we have synthesized graphene QDs in the size range of 1.4–4.2 nm from inexpensive graphite by oxidative cleavage using a sulphuric and nitric acid mixture. A subsequent hydrogen peroxide oxidation step, investigated using two thermal budgets, has resulted in QDs with excellent photoluminescence (PL) intensity. Prolonged, higher temperature oxidation results in smaller size GQDs. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis confirmed the role of ·OH radicals in the oxidation process and Raman analysis revealed that the higher thermal budget oxidation results in lower defect density. To overcome the challenges in device adaptability due to the inherent acidity in the QDs, a post-synthesis neutralization process was devised. The neutralized GQDs were formed into a film to be used as the active layer in a photodetector device. Fluorescence decay analysis showed there is no significant change in lifetime because of the film formation process. The fabricated GQD photodetector device exhibited high photocurrent under ultraviolet illumination with an ON/OFF ratio of 400% at an applied bias of ±1 V. The device performance underlines the high potential for the non-toxic, top-down synthesized GQDs for application in optoelectronic devices.
Experimental study of endurance characteristics of Al-doped HfO2 ferroelectric capacitor
Authors: Choi Yejoo , Shin Jaemin , Moon Seungjun , Min Jinhong , Han Changwoo , Shin Changhwan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this work, the endurance characteristics of Al-doped HfO2 (HAO)-based metal-ferroelectric-metal (MFM) capacitors (which were annealed at 1000 °C) with various doping concentrations were investigated. The doping concentration was optimized for the high annealing temperature (1000 °C) process. To investigate the impact of cycling pulses on the endurance characteristics of HAO-based MFM capacitor, the rise/fall time (t

r/f
) and hold time (th
) for the cycling pulses were varied. Moreover, by adopting the recoverable fatigue process, the endurance characteristics under repetitive wake-up/fatigue processes were studied. The HAO capacitors achieved the remnant polarization (2Pr) of 23.767 μC cm−2 at pristine state under the high annealing temperature. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the endurance characteristics (∼108 cycles) of the HAO capacitors were comparable to them of other HfO2-based ferroelectric capacitors. Lastly but not least, it turned out that the amount of oxygen and oxygen vacancies in the HAO thin film was dependent of doping concentrations for the film. The impact of oxygen and oxygen vacancies was quantitatively analyzed, in detail, with TEM, XPS and GIXRD analysis.
Takens-type reconstruction theorems of one-sided dynamical systems
Authors: Kato Hisao 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The reconstruction theorem deals with dynamical systems that are given by a map

T
:
X
→
X

of a compact metric space X together with an observable

f
:
X
→

R

from X to the real line

R

. In 1981, by use of Whitney’s embedding theorem, Takens proved that if

T
:
M
→
M

is a (two-sided) diffeomorphism on a compact smooth manifold M with

dim
M
=
d

, for generic (T, f) there is a bijection between elements

x
∈
M

and corresponding sequence

(
f
T

j

(
x
)

)

j
=
0

2
d

, and moreover, in 2002 Takens proved a generalised version for endomorphisms. In natural sciences and physical engineering, there has been an increase in importance of fractal sets and more complicated spaces, and also in mathematics, many topological and dynamical properties and stochastic analysis of such spaces have been studied. In the present paper, by use of some topological methods we extend the Takens’ reconstruction theorems of compact smooth manifolds to reconstruction theorems of ‘non-invertible’ dynamical systems for a large class of compact metric spaces, which contains PL-manifolds, manifolds with branched structures and some fractal sets, e.g. Menger manifolds, Sierpiński carpet and Sierpiński gasket and dendrites, etc.
Existence, nonexistence and uniqueness for Lane–Emden type fully nonlinear systems
Authors: Maia Liliane , Nornberg Gabrielle , Pacella Filomena 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We study existence, nonexistence, and uniqueness of positive radial solutions for a class of nonlinear systems driven by Pucci extremal operators under a Lane–Emden coupling configuration. Our results are based on the analysis of the associated quadratic dynamical system and energy methods. For both regular and exterior domain radial solutions we obtain new regions of existence and nonexistence. Besides, we show an exclusion principle for regular solutions, either in

R

N

or in a ball, by exploiting the uniqueness of trajectories produced by the flow. In particular, for the standard Lane–Emden system involving the Laplacian operator, we prove that the critical hyperbola of regular radial positive solutions is also the threshold for existence and nonexistence of radial exterior domain solutions with Neumann boundary condition. As a byproduct, singular solutions with fast decay at infinity are also found.
Collaborative data collection: shifting focus on meaning making during practical work
Authors: Pols Freek , Diepenbroek Patrick 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In practical work focussing on conceptual development, students spend valuable in-class time on collecting data rather than making sense out of it. This provides a barrier to learning about the targeted concept. To address this problem, we developed an approach that we coin collaborative data collection. Using a practical on the topic density, we describe this approach and illustrate how the focus of practical work shifts away from mere data-collection towards meaning making. Although a single practical is described, the approach can be applied to other practicals as well.
Transition mechanisms between selective O3 and NO
x
generation modes in atmospheric-pressure plasmas: decoupling specific discharge energy and gas temperature effects
Authors: Liu Kun , Geng Wenqiang , Zhou Xiongfeng , Duan Qingsong , Zheng Zhenfeng , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken) 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Two modes of the atmospheric-pressure plasma discharge, distinguished by the dominant O3 and NO
x
species are studied numerically and experimentally. To investigate the mode transition mechanisms, here we develop a global chemical kinetics model for the atmospheric-pressure dielectric barrier discharge involving 63 species and 750 reactions. Validated by the experimental results, the model accurately describes the mode transition. The N, O, O2(a), and O2(b) are the essential transient intermediate species for the O3 and NO
x
production and loss reactions. The individual and synergistic effects of the specific discharge energy and the gas temperature on the species density and the relative contributions of the dominant reactions are quantified under the increasing discharge voltage conditions. The modeling results indicate that the gas temperature and specific discharge energy both contributed to the discharge mode transition, while the decisive factors affecting the change of the O3 and NO
x
density are different in the respective modes. These insights contribute to diverse plasma applications in biomedicine, agriculture, food, and other fields where selective and controlled production of O3 and NO
x
species is the key for the desired plasma performance.
Phase diagram, band structure and density of states in two-dimensional attractive Fermi-Hubbard model with Rashba spin-orbit coupling
Authors: Han Rui , Yuan Feng , Zhao Huaisong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Based on the two-dimensional (2D) attractive Fermi-Hubbard model with Rashba spin–orbit coupling (SOC), the SOC strength and Zeeman field dependences of the phase diagram are investigated by calculating the pairing gap self-consistently. The results reveal that the phase transition from the BCS superfluid to the topological superfluid happens under proper Zeeman field strength and SOC strength. In particular, in contrast to the BCS superfluid decreasing monotonically as the SOC strength increasing, the topological superfluid region shows a dome with the SOC strength increasing. An optimal region in the phase diagram to find the topological superfluid can be found, which is important to realize the topological superfluid in optical lattice experimentally. Then we obtain the change of both band structure and density of states (DOSs) during the topological phase transition, and explain the four peaks of DOS in the topological superfluid by the topology change of the low-energy branch of quasiparticle energy spectra. Moreover, the topological superfluid can be suppressed by the doping concentration.
On the angular momentum of compact binary coalescence
Authors: He Xiaokai , Wu Xiaoning , Xie Naqing 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The supertranslation ambiguity issue of angular momentum is a long-standing problem in general relativity. Recently, there appeared the first definition of angular momentum at null infinity that is supertranslation invariant. However, in the compact binary coalescence community, supertranslation ambiguity is often ignored. This paper demonstrates that we have the happy circumstance that the newly defined angular momentum coincides with the classical definition at the quadrupole level.
Study of parity violation in

and

decays*
Authors: Hong Peng-Cheng , Yan Fang , Ping Rong-Gang , Luo Tao 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

CP violation in baryonic decays has not been significantly observed. With large data events accumulated at

colliders or the Large Hadron Collider, charmed baryon decays would provide a promising laboratory to test CP symmetry. In this study, we formulate

and

decays for the measurement of their asymmetry parameters in weak decays at the BESIII or LHCb experiments. The polarization transfer is analyzed in the two processes of

and

, and the formulas for the joint angular distribution of these processes are provided. The sensitivity of the measurement of the asymmetry parameters of the above two decay processes is estimated for future experiments.
Integrated deep learning framework for unstable event identification and disruption prediction of tokamak plasmas
Authors: Zhu J.X. , Rea C. , Granetz R.S. , Marmar E.S. , Sweeney R. , Montes K. , Tinguely R.A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The ability to identify underlying disruption precursors is key to disruption avoidance. In this paper, we present an integrated deep learning (DL) based model that combines disruption prediction with the identification of several disruption precursors like rotating modes, locked modes, H-to-L back transitions and radiative collapses. The first part of our study demonstrates that the DL-based unstable event identifier trained on 160 manually labeled DIII-D shots can achieve, on average, 84% event identification rate of various frequent unstable events (like H-L back transition, locked mode, radiative collapse, rotating MHD mode, large sawtooth crash), and the trained identifier can be adapted to label unseen discharges, thus expanding the original manually labeled database. Based on these results, the integrated DL-based framework is developed using a combined database of manually labeled and automatically labeled DIII-D data, and it shows state-of-the-art (AUC = 0.940) disruption prediction and event identification abilities on DIII-D. Through cross-machine numerical disruption prediction studies using this new integrated model and leveraging the C-Mod, DIII-D, and EAST disruption warning databases, we demonstrate the improved cross-machine disruption prediction ability and extended warning time of the new model compared with a baseline predictor. In addition, the trained integrated model shows qualitatively good cross-machine event identification ability. Given a labeled dataset, the strategy presented in this paper, i.e. one that combines a disruption predictor with an event identifier module, can be applied to upgrade any neural network based disruption predictor. The results presented here inform possible development strategies of machine learning based disruption avoidance algorithms for future tokamaks and highlight the importance of building comprehensive databases with unstable event information on current machines.
The Types and Equations of Diesel Spray Angle Curve under Cloud Cavitation and Hydraulic Flip
Authors: Yu Yang , Zhang Xiao 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
For the five types of angle profile curve and possible low spray angles in the unsteady state of diesel spray, all the possible corresponding conditions are given and their curve regression equations can be established by experiments and deep learning methods proposed in this paper. The initial pressure rises sharply with the axial velocity difference significant so that we can infer the relatively large radial disturbance is also as an important reason for cloud cavitation formation. At the moment it is difficult to form wall-adherent cavitation and further develop into supercavitation and hydraulic flip and the too large spray angle is formed in the non-steady phase. And the closer to the maximum position the needle valve is, the slower the velocity increases. So there is a significant decline in the later period, which is caused by gradual cloud cavitation weakening. Especially after entering the steady phase, both angle and its variation range are much smaller, indicating that it is mainly affected by the disturbed flow due to the in-nozzle gas under hydraulic flip developing from wall-adherent cavitation. Besides, the experiment the results of cross-sectional, spatial, and three-dimensional detailed distribution under cloud cavitation should also be further developed through X-ray.
Experimental Study on Rheological Properties of Temporary Storage Sludge
Authors: Wu Tengwei , Liu Mingming , Guo Tao 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In order to master the rheological properties of temporary sludge, the sludge in Shanghai Laogang temporary storage area was sampled, and the rheological properties test was carried out. The effects of temperature, solid content and other parameters on the rheological properties of sludge were analyzed. Based on the above research and analysis results, the key parameters that affect the rheological properties of sewage sludge were analyzed, and combined with previous research conclusions, the methods such as summary and numerical fitting were used. The sludge function expression of the rheological characteristics of the temporary storage sludge is obtained, which provides theoretical guidance for the transport of sludge in the temporary storage area.