bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complications of Bicruciate-Retaining Total Knee Arthroplasty: The Importance of Alignment and Balance
Authors: Perreault Caroline , Al-Shakfa Fidaa , Lavoie Frédéric 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBicruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty (BCR TKA) results in kinematics closer to the native knee and in greater patient satisfaction but information concerning its outcome and complications is lacking.The goal of this study is to report the clinical and radiological outcomes of BCR prosthesis implanted using a spacer-based gap balancing technique and to assess if some preoperative factors are associated with a worse prognosis.A cohort of 207 knees in 194 patients who underwent BCR TKA, with a minimum 1-year follow-up, was retrospectively analyzed.Patients were followed at 6 weeks, 6 months, 1 year, and then every following year postoperatively, and filled questionnaires (Knee Society and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score) at every visit. Clinical and radiological assessments included range of motion, knee alignment, pain, and complications as defined by the Knee Society's Standardized list and definition of Complication of Total Knee Arthroplasty.Forty-three knees (20.8%) suffered major complications. Twenty-one knees (10.1%) underwent revision at an average of 32.1 months after the index procedure. Revision-free survival at 100 months was 85.7%. Revision was performed for aseptic tibial loosening in eight knees (3.9%) and stiffness in five knees (2.4%). There were 29 reoperations other than revision (14.0%), the most frequent procedure being manipulation under anesthesia in 14 knees (6.8%). Minor complications included tendonitis (20.8%), persistent synovitis (6.8%), and superficial wound infections (6.3%).All outcomes scores were greatly improved at the 1-year follow-up compared with preoperatively (p < 0.001). However, maximum flexion at the last follow-up was significantly reduced compared with preoperatively (mean maximum flexion ± standard deviation: 119.9 ± 15.6 vs. 129.9 ± 14.4, p < 0.001). Aseptic tibial loosening was associated with a hypercorrection in varus of preoperative valgus knees (p = 0.012).BCR TKA can give functional results similar to other types of prostheses but involves a substantial risk of complications. Important factors that can explain failed BCR TKA and guide its use were identified, more particularly knee alignment and its role in aseptic tibial loosening.
Practical Challenges in the Management and Outcome of Unknown Patients with Head Injury
Authors: Vijayasekhar Manda Venkata , Rajesh Pathi , Swaroop Kurumella Hema , Nagendra M.P.A. Babu , Kadali Satyavaraprasad 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground Majority of road accidents are treated at nearby private hospitals. Head injury patients whose identity is not established are invariably being treated at government hospitals. The factors influencing the management and outcome of such unknown patients are possible only in government hospitals. Limited studies are available related to these unknown patients.Objective This study attempted to analyze the management issues in such patients and tried to find solutions that will improve the outcome.Methods It was an observational study over 2 years. All patients whose identity could not be established at admission were studied. Standard traumatic brain injury protocols were followed. Issues and challenges in managing these patients were noted. Many challenges popped up once patient was shifted out of intensive care unit and were studied.Results Eighty-five patients were studied with male preponderance. Common age group was 41 to 60 years. The main cause of head injury was road traffic accident. Seventy-six patients were severely injured. Acute subdural hematomas was the most common computed tomography finding (36 patients). Sixty-nine patients were managed conservatively and 16 needed surgery. Forty-nine patients died in hospital, and other patients recovered well. Twenty-two patients were discharged home and 11 took discharge against medical advice after being identified by relatives. None were accommodated into destitute homes even after recovery.Conclusion Unknown patients usually have poor outcome with more deaths in spite of standard care. Their management is fraught with challenges. They need special care for which staff should be motivated; hospital must have good network to establish identity.
1.1 Modern Ullmann-Type Couplings
Authors: Huang J. , Ma D. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLigand-promoted, copper-catalyzed, Ullmann-type couplings of aryl halides (I, Br, Cl) with various nucleophiles, including amines, hetarenes, amides, hydrazines, alcohols, phenols, thiols, sulfinates, and active methylene compounds, are reviewed in this chapter. Considerable attention has been paid to demonstrate the powerful acceleration effect of second-generation oxalic amides as ligands in modern Ullmann-type couplings. Under these catalyst systems, less-reactive but inexpensive (het)aryl chlorides can be employed as coupling partners. Moreover, the catalyst loading for coupling of aryl iodides and bromides can be reduced to <1 mol% in most cases.
1.4 Copper-Catalyzed C—H Functionalization via Radicals
Authors: Chen P. , Liu G. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe direct functionalization of C—H bonds is highly attractive due to its efficiency for converting simple molecules into a wide range of valuable organic compounds. Among available strategies, radical C—H functionalization via hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) represents one of the most powerful approaches and allows a unique profile of reactivity and selectivity. In this review, copper-catalyzed C—H functionalizations via radicals are summarized, including C—H cyanation, arylation, alkynylation, fluoroalkylation, amination, and oxygenation. It is worth noting that the combination of chiral ligands and chiral phosphoric acids with copper catalysis enables the enantioselective functionalization of radicals.
Exploring the complexity of linguistic minority students’ use of and attitudes toward everyday translanguaging practices
Authors: Fang Fan , Huang Yating 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This article examines Teochew-speaking learners of English as an example of linguistic minority students’ use of and attitudes toward everyday translanguaging practices. By conducting a series of semi-structured interviews, this qualitative study specifically examines students’ translanguaging process with their mother tongue – Teochew (L1), as well as Putonghua (L2), and other languages/dialects in various contexts, such as family, school, and the wider community. The findings indicate the various translanguaging practices but also reveal a decline and marginalization in Teochew across different generations. This paper argues for the need to preserve Teochew and other heritage languages and home dialects for inclusiveness of language practice. Moreover, translanguaging practices should also be viewed as key in readdressing issues such as power and identity in daily language use, and their importance must be recognized for educational purposes.
Conflictual translanguaging in the linguistic landscape of a divided city
Authors: Tsiplakou Stavroula 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNicosia is a divided European capital; the two major ethnic communities on the island, Greek and Turkish Cypriots, were separatedde factofollowing the war of 1974. The inner-city areas delimited by the UN-controlled buffer zone were long abandoned but recently there have been attempts at gentrification. The landscape is linguistically and textually rich and diverse; walls, fences, doorways, even the walls of the ‘border’ are inscribed with an abundance of texts including political slogans, advertisements for rallies or local festivals, graffiti, posters, stencilled images, etc. In this paper, I focus on the visual and linguistic dialectic of texts that are generated ‘top-down’ and texts generated ‘bottom-up’; the former display normativity and linguistic prescriptivism, as the dominant language is Standard Greek, the ‘H’ variety in the Greek Cypriot diglossic context. In the latter, the linguistic choicede rigueuris translanguaging, involving (i) aspects of the Cypriot Greek dialect, the ‘L’ variety that is still by-and-large banned from the public domain, and code-mixing between Standard and Cypriot Greek, (ii) the use of other languages, mostly English but also French, Turkish, Russian, among others, (iii) ungrammatical structures or ‘nonsensical’ texts and (iv) subversion of orthographic conventions, etc. A micro-level linguistic analysis of individual texts and of particular types of translanguaging and linguistic and orthographicbricolageis proffered and the argument is put forward that the counternormativity of such production is predicated not only upon its content and form but crucially also upon its interdiscursivity and its engagement in an ongoing conflictual dialectic with ‘top-down’ prescriptive production.
Aging in the transport on the corrugated ratchet potential
Authors: Mazzitello Karina I , Zarlenga Daniel G , Family Fereydoon , Arizmendi Constancio M 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Under rapid undercooling, glass forming liquids freeze in an amorphous state that can equilibrate only on enormously long time-scales, This is the characteristic sign of aging, which has been observed in a wide range of systems. Brownian ratchet is a widely studied system that exhibits many types of anomalous dynamical behavior. We have investigated the possibility of aging in the collective motion of Brownian particles in a periodic ratchet potential with quenched disorder. We find that when a slowly growing fraction of particles are trapped for long time, the collective movement tends to become super-diffusive. The super-diffusive transport weakly breaks the ergodicity and the time to cover the whole phase space become enormously long and reminiscent of aging behavior.
On smooth interior approximation of sets of finite perimeter
Authors: Gui Changfeng , Hu Yeyao , Li Qinfeng 
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we prove that for any bounded set of finite perimeterΩ⊂Rn\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^n, we can choose smooth setsEk⋐ΩE_k \Subset \Omegasuch thatEk→ΩE_k \rightarrow \OmegainL1L^1andlim supi→∞P(Ei)≤P(Ω)+C1(n)Hn−1(∂Ω∩Ω1).\begin{align*} \limsup _{i \rightarrow \infty } P(E_i) \le P(\Omega )+C_1(n) \mathscr {H}^{n-1}(\partial \Omega \cap \Omega ^1). \end{align*}In the aboveΩ1\Omega ^1is the measure-theoretic interior ofΩ\Omega,P(⋅)P(\cdot )denotes the perimeter functional on sets, andC1(n)C_1(n)is a dimensional constant.

Conversely, we prove that for any setsEk⋐ΩE_k \Subset \OmegasatisfyingEk→ΩE_k \rightarrow \OmegainL1L^1, there exists a dimensional constantC2(n)C_2(n)such that the following inequality holds:lim infk→∞P(Ek)≥P(Ω)+C2(n)Hn−1(∂Ω∩Ω1).\begin{align*} \liminf _{k \rightarrow \infty } P(E_k) \ge P(\Omega )+ C_2(n) \mathscr {H}^{n-1}(\partial \Omega \cap \Omega ^1). \end{align*}In particular, these results imply that for a bounded setΩ\Omegaof finite perimeter,Hn−1(∂Ω∩Ω1)=0\begin{align*} \mathscr {H}^{n-1}(\partial \Omega \cap \Omega ^1)=0 \end{align*}holds if and only if there exists a sequence of smooth setsEkE_ksuch thatEk⋐ΩE_k \Subset \Omega,Ek→ΩE_k \rightarrow \OmegainL1L^1andP(Ek)→P(Ω)P(E_k) \rightarrow P(\Omega ).
Primitive Forms without Higher Residue Structure and Integrable Hierarchies (I)
Authors: Aleshkin Konstantin , Saito Kyoji 
Published: February 2023

We introduce primitive forms with or without higher residue structure and explore their connection with the flat structures with or without a metric [18] and integrable hierarchies of KdV type. Just as the classical case of primitive forms with metric [12], the primitive forms without metrics are constructed as the positive part of the Birkhoff decomposition of formal oscillatory integrals with respect to the descendent variable. The oscilating integrals of a primitive form without metric give rise to a hierarchy of commuting PDE of the KdV type as in the case of primitive forms with metric. This shall be studied in (II).
Motor Symptom Asymmetry Predicts Cognitive and Neuropsychiatric Profile Following Deep Brain Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus in Parkinson’s Disease: a 5-Year Longitudinal Study
Authors: Voruz Philippe , Haegelen Claire , Assal Frédéric , Drapier Sophie , Drapier Dominique , Sauleau Paul , Vérin Marc , Péron Julie A 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Risk factors (e.g., motor symptom asymmetry) for short- and long-term cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms following deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in patients with Parkinson’s disease have yet to be fully identified. The objectives of the present study were to determine whether motor symptom asymmetry in Parkinson’s disease is one such risk factor and to identify predictors of subnormal cognitive decline.

Methods
A total of 26 patients receiving STN-DBS (13 with left-sided motor symptoms and 13 with right-sided ones) underwent follow-up neuropsychological, depression and apathy assessments over a 5-year period. Nonparametric intergroup comparisons were performed on raw scores, as well as Cox regression analyses on standardized Mattis Dementia Rating Scale scores.

Results
Compared with patients who had predominantly left-sided symptoms, right-sided patients scored higher on both apathy (at 3 months and 36 months) and depressive symptoms (at 6 months and 12 months) and scored lower on global cognitive efficiency (at 36 months and 60 months). Survival analyses revealed that only right-sided patients had subnormal standardized dementia scores, which were negatively associated with the number of perseverations in the Wisconsin Card Scoring Test.

Conclusion
Right-sided motor symptoms are a risk factor for more severe short- and long-term cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms following STN-DBS, confirming literature findings on left hemispheric vulnerability.
Infraorbital Hollow Rejuvenation: Considerations, Complications, and the Contributions of Midface Volumization
Authors: Woodward Julie , Cox Sue Ellen , Kato Kiyoko , Urdiales-Galvez Fernando , Boyd Charles , Ashourian Nazanin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Infraorbital hollows are one of the most common target areas for facial aesthetic treatment; however, they are often perceived to be challenging to treat due to the complex anatomy of the periorbital area, concurrent deformities, and risk of complications. Treatment options include surgical (eg, lower eyelid blepharoplasty with fat transposition or injections) and nonsurgical approaches (eg, fillers). Among these approaches, filler injections have become common practice because they are minimally invasive and provide long-term patient satisfaction. In particular, hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers have been shown to be safe and effective for infraorbital hollow rejuvenation. This review provides an overview of infraorbital hollows, including periorbital anatomy, etiology, clinical assessment, and overlapping deformities, such as malar mounds, festoons, and dark circles under the eyes. Patient and HA filler product selection, injection techniques, as well as potential adverse events, such as bruising/swelling, lower eyelid and malar edema, and vascular occlusions, are discussed. This review also highlights the importance of midfacial volumization to improve outcomes in the infraorbital region and in the overall aesthetic appearance. By selecting appropriate patients and attaining proficiency in periorbital anatomy and infraorbital hollow rejuvenation techniques, clinicians can safely and successfully perform HA filler injections that result in high patient satisfaction.

Level of Evidence: 5
Estimating the overall fraction of phenotypic variance attributed to high-dimensional predictors measured with error
Authors: Mandal Soutrik , Kim Do Hyun , Hua Xing , Li Shilan , Shi Jianxin 
Published: February 2023

Summary
In prospective genomic studies (e.g., DNA methylation, metagenomics, and transcriptomics), it is crucial to estimate the overall fraction of phenotypic variance (OFPV) attributed to the high-dimensional genomic variables, a concept similar to heritability analyses in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Unlike genetic variants in GWAS, these genomic variables are typically measured with error due to technical limitation and temporal instability. While the existing methods developed for GWAS can be used, ignoring measurement error may severely underestimate OFPV and mislead the design of future studies. Assuming that measurement error variances are distributed similarly between causal and noncausal variables, we show that the asymptotic attenuation factor equals to the average intraclass correlation coefficients of all genomic variables, which can be estimated based on a pilot study with repeated measurements. We illustrate the method by estimating the contribution of microbiome taxa to body mass index and multiple allergy traits in the American Gut Project. Finally, we show that measurement error does not cause meaningful bias when estimating the correlation of effect sizes for two traits.
The Invasion History of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae) in Puerto Rico: Past, Present, and Future Perspectives
Authors: Santiago-Rosario Luis Y , Faldyn Matthew J , Martínez-Cález Edda L , Rivera-Marchand Bert 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, 1908 (Hemiptera: Liviidae), is a phloem-feeding insect pest of Citrus L. ( Sapindales: Rutaceae), Murraya J. Koenig ex L. (Sapindales: Rutaceae), and other Rutaceae, native to the Indian subcontinent and transmits the citrus greening pathogens (huanglongbing). We herein evaluate the occurrence of D. citri in Puerto Rico at a fine scale and the potential invasion history of the Caribbean from the native range. We found that the genetic diversity of D. citri in Puerto Rico, using the mitochondrial genetic marker CO1, indicated that the Caribbean haplotype is unique and more related to Southwest Asia haplotypes than other groups. Results then suggest that the invasion of the Caribbean did not occur from the United States. Also, we found that isothermality was the abiotic variable that influenced D. citri species distribution model performance the most in current and future climate change scenarios. Given the data available from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) for present D.citri reported occurrence, future projections suggest that climate change might promote an expansion of the pest to other Caribbean islands and Latin American countries. Still, it might elicit a range contraction across the Cordillera Central in Puerto Rico, possibly promoting citriculture. Regarding pest management strategies, we must consider a holistic approach to understanding D. citri invasion and resilience in novel habitats by including broader and more robust genetic population structure studies and if its current distribution reflects projected models across the neotropics.
A Field Survey of Syrphid Species and Adult Densities on Annual Flowering Plants in the Northeastern United States
Authors: Harris-Cypher Alina , Roman Caterina , Higgins Genevieve , Scheufele Susan , Legrand Ana , Wallingford Anna , Sideman Rebecca Grube 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
With the long-term goal of exploring the viability of conservation biological control of cabbage aphid Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in the northeastern United States, adult syrphid flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) were observed on several species of annual insectary plants at farm sites in Connecticut, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire. Insectary plant species included alyssum, Lobularia maritima (L.) (Brassicales: Brassicaceae), buckwheat, Fagopyrum esculentum (Moench) (Caryophyllales: Polygonaceae), phacelia, Phacelia tanacetifolia (Bentham) (Boraginales: Hydrophyllaceae), calendula, Calendula officinalis (L.) (Asterales: Asteraceae) and ammi, Ammi majus (L.) (Apiales: Apiaceae). Among these insectary plants, alyssum had the longest bloom period and attracted the most syrphids. We identified 21 species of syrphid flies from insectary plants. The three most prevalent species collected were the aphidophagous Toxomerus marginatus (Say) (Diptera: Syrphidae) (70.1% of samples) and T. geminatus (Say) (Diptera: Syrphidae) (8.8% of samples), as well as the non-aphidophagous Syritta pipiens (L.) (Diptera: Syrphidae) (13.1% of samples). The benefits of including these insectary plant species as a companion to Brassica (L.) (Brassicales: Brassicaceae) cropping systems are discussed.
Population Structure, Demographic History, and Adaptation of Giant Honeybees in China Revealed by Population Genomic Data
Authors: Cao Lianfei , Dai Zhijun , Tan Hongwei , Zheng Huoqing , Wang Yun , Chen Jie , Kuang Haiou , Chong Rebecca A , Han Minjin , Hu Fuliang , Sun Wei , Sun Cheng , Zhang Ze 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThere have been many population-based genomic studies on human-managed honeybees (Apis mellifera and Apis cerana), but there has been a notable lack of analysis with regard to wild honeybees, particularly in relation to their evolutionary history. Nevertheless, giant honeybees have been found to occupy distinct habitats and display remarkable characteristics, which are attracting an increased amount of attention. In this study, we de novo sequenced and then assembled the draft genome sequence of the Himalayan giant honeybee, Apis laboriosa. Phylogenetic analysis based on genomic information indicated that A. laboriosa and its tropical sister species Apis dorsata diverged ∼2.61 Ma, which supports the speciation hypothesis that links A. laboriosa to geological changes throughout history. Furthermore, we re-sequenced A. laboriosa and A. dorsata samples from five and six regions, respectively, across their population ranges in China. These analyses highlighted major genetic differences for Tibetan A. laboriosa as well as the Hainan Island A. dorsata. The demographic history of most giant honeybee populations has mirrored glacial cycles. More importantly, contrary to what has occurred among human-managed honeybees, the demographic history of these two wild honeybee species indicates a rapid decline in effective population size in the recent past, reflecting their differences in evolutionary histories. Several genes were found to be subject to selection, which may help giant honeybees to adapt to specific local conditions. In summary, our study sheds light on the evolutionary and adaptational characteristics of two wild giant honeybee species, which was useful for giant honeybee conservation.