bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Statistical Modeling for Flood Frequency in Upper Chaophraya River Basin
Authors: Areerat Anuchon  , Kamon Budsaba  , Volodin Andrei 
Published: March 2023

The research deals with the probabilistic estimates of annual maximum flood peaks in the upper Chaophraya basin (Thailand) used the extreme value theory, the Block Maxima. The Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution model, the Frèchet distribution (EV2), the extension of the Frèchet distribution such as the Kumaraswamy Frèchet distribution and the new distribution as called the Exponentiated Kumaraswamy Frèchet distribution satisfied the Goodness of fit test (Kolmokorov-smirnov test). The return levels are estimated for 3, 5, 10, 30, 50, 100, 500 and 1000 years which are consistently increasing for designs of flood protection in future. The return period of flood for each stations are estimated.
The investigation of the new distribution and appropriated estimation technique for the flood frequency in upper Chaophraya river basin as we called the Exponentiated Kumaraswamy Frèchet distribution and the differential evolution maximum likelihood estimation were done. We derived the properties of the Frèchet family; such as the Frèchet distribution (EV2), the Kumaraswamy Frèchet distribution (KF) and the Exponentiated Kumaraswamy Frèchet distribution (EKF). We also compared Bias, Variance, Mean Square Error and Mean Absolute Percentage Error for all parameters in each distribution by generating the Frèchet family random number. For the effectiveness of analytical solutions of the parameters we provided the numerical solutions (differential evolution method) to obtain estimates for all parameters by using Scilab program.
Accuracy of flood assessment of extreme event is of fundamental importance for many safety, engineering and financial application. In part of application we provided the probabilistic estimates of annual maximum flood peaks or momentary peak data in the upper Chaophraya river basin (Thailand). The Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution model were used to be gain to compare with as the Frèchet distribution (EV2), the Kumaraswamy Frèchet distribution (KF) and the Exponentiated Kumaraswamy Frèchet distribution (EKF). The Goodness of fit test, the return level and return period were done. The return periods of flood were classified by hazard class using GEV found that in upper Chaophraya river basin flood occurred highly. The result from the Frèchet family also occurred highly, but the return period and return level from the Kumaraswamy Frèchet distribution (KF) quite closed to GEV more than another distribution.
Betzite, Na6Ca2(Al6Si6O24)Cl4, a New Cancrinite-Group Mineral from the Eifel Paleovolcanic Region, Germany
Authors: Chukanov Nikita V. , Zubkova Natalia V. , Kazheva Olga N. , Varlamov Dmitry A. , Pekov Igor V. , Belakovskiy Dmitriy I. , Ternes Bernd , Schüller Willi , Britvin Sergey N. , Pushcharovsky Dmitry Yu. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBetzite, ideally Na6Ca2(Al6Si6O24)Cl4, a new cancrinite-group mineral, was discovered in a metasomatically altered (pyrometamorphosed) calcic xenolith, hosted by alkaline basalt at the Bellerberg paleovolcano in the Eastern Eifel region, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The associated minerals are anorthite, phlogopite, diopside, grossular, fluorite, calcite, a tobermorite-like mineral, and vanadoallanite-(Ce). Betzite occurs as colorless hexagonal prismatic crystals up to 2 mm long and up to 0.5 mm thick. The new mineral is brittle, with a Mohs' hardness of 5½. Distinct cleavage on {100} and parting on {0001} are observed. The Dmeas = 2.38(2) g/cm3 and Dcalc = 2.363 g/cm3. Betzite is optically uniaxial (+) with ω = 1.528(2) and ε = 1.545(3). The IR spectrum is given. The chemical composition of betzite is (wt.%; electron microprobe, H2O determined by the modified Penfield method): Na2O 11.88, K2O 4.82, CaO 10.74, MgO 0.21, Al2O3 27.32, Fe2O3 0.68, SiO2 32.84, SO3 1.89, Cl 10.48, H2O 1.10, −O≡Cl −2.37, total 99.59. The empirical formula is Na4.22K1.13Ca2.11Mg0.06(Si6.01Al5.90Fe3+0.09O24)Cl3.25(SO4)0.26(H1.34O0.64). The crystal structure was determined using single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. It is hexagonal, space group P63, a = 12.8166(9) Å, c = 5.3562(3) Å, V = 761.95(12) Å3 (at a temperature of 100 K) and Z = 3. Betzite is a dimorph of quadridavyne, with a disordered distribution of extra-framework components occupying channels. The strongest lines of the powder X-ray diffraction pattern [d, Å (I, %) (hkl)] are: 11.14 (31) (100), 4.833 (93) (101), 3.715 (95) (300), 3.313 (100) (211), 2.787 (37) (400), 2.681 (56) (002, 131), 2.474 (35) (112, 401), 2.146 (24) (330). The mineral is named in honor of the German amateur mineralogist Volker Betz (b. 1947).
Mineralogy of Pt-Pd sulfides: The Redefinition of Braggite and Vysotskite (with Comments on the Extent of Solid Solution in the PtS–PdS Binary)
Authors: CABRI Louis J. , McDONALD Andrew M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA re-evaluation of data relating to the crystal structures, phase equilibria, and ideal chemical formulae of the key minerals belonging to the PtS–PdS binary, namely vysotskite, braggite, and cooperite, has led to redefinitions of the ideal chemical formulae for vysotskite and braggite. Results show that vysotskite and braggite are isostructural and crystallize in the space group P42/m. Their crystal structures contain three Me sites and a single S site, giving rise to the general crystal-chemical formula Me(1)2Me(2)2Me(3)4S8. Ordering of Pt and Pd leads to the revised ideal formula of Pd2Pd2Pd4S8 (Z = 1) for vysotskite, which can be simplified to PdS (Z = 8), and a revised ideal formula of Pd2Pt2Pt4S8 (Z = 1) for braggite, which can be simplified to PdPt3S4 (Z = 2). Cooperite, ideally PtS (Z = 8), crystallizes in a related, but different, space group, P42/mmc. Its crystal structure contains a single Me and S site. Both Pt and Pd are disordered over the Me site but with Pt &gt; Pd . Oversimplification of the ideal chemical formulae for all these minerals and failure to consider crystal-structure implications has led to confusion in the literature.Consideration of experimental data combined with that for minerals from world-wide occurrences suggests complete solid solution between vysotskite and braggite, but of a more limited degree between cooperite and braggite, consistent with what would be expected when their respective crystal structures are considered. The maximum Pt possible in braggite should correspond to (Pd0.51Pt0.49)Σ1Pt3S4 (or Pd0.51Pt3.49S4); Pt:Pd = 0.87, which requires Pd 6.29, Pt 78.86, S 14.85, total 100.00 wt.%) and the maximum Pd content, to Pd(Pt0.505Pd0.495)Σ1(Pt1.505Pd0.495)Σ2S4 (or Pd1.99Pt2.01S4); Pt:Pd = 0.50, which requires Pd 28.93, Pt 53.56, S 17.52, total 100.00 wt.%). In light of the complete solid solution between vysotskite and braggite, the 50% rule should be applied to compositions between them. Thus, within the PtS–PdS binary, it is recommended that (1) vysotskite be used for those minerals having compositions ranging from 100 to 56.5 mol.% PdS; (2) braggite, for those having compositions that range from 56.5 to 13 mol.% PdS; and (3) cooperite, for those having &lt;13 mol.%.
El pensamiento computacional en la enseñanza rural. Modelos flexibles
Authors: Capacho Parra Alexander 
Published: March 2023

En el presente artículo se analiza los procesos de enseñanza aprendizaje en el sector rural colombiano desde la perspectiva del cambio de paradigma en los metarelatos educativos de la modernidad a la posmodernidad y la necesidad de innovación, acorde con los adelantos científicos y tecnológicos. El objetivo del trabajo es realizar un análisis temático con la finalidad de encontrar aspectos relacionados con los procesos que generaran habilidades propias del pensamiento computacional en los niños y jóvenes estudiantes del modelo flexible postprimaria rural y por ende generar conocimiento que permita diseñar un modelo teórico que muestre la implementación del pensamiento computacional en procesos educativos en el área de matemáticas en los estudiantes regidos bajo el modelos flexibles en educación secundaria del sector rural. Se tienen en cuenta estrategias metodológicas desde el enfoque cualitativo, apoyadas en el paradigma socio-crítico y los preceptos de la investigación acción, usando instrumentos de recolección de datos de orden cualitativo que permitan la consecución de información y hallazgos para contribuir a que los estudiantes mejoren su rendimiento, desarrollen un mejor entendimiento en la asignatura, se asuma un mejor compromiso con el proceso de formación y capacitación para proyectarlos a mejorar su calidad de vida.
The Collimation of Relativistic Jets in Post–Neutron Star Binary Merger Simulations
Authors: Pais Matteo , Piran Tsvi , Lyubarsky Yuri , Kiuchi Kenta , Shibata Masaru 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The gravitational waves from the binary neutron star merger GW170817 were accompanied by a multiwavelength electromagnetic counterpart, which confirms the association of the merger with a short gamma-ray burst (sGRB). The afterglow observations implied that the event was accompanied by a narrow, ∼5°, and powerful, ∼1050 erg, jet. We study the propagation of a Poynting flux–dominated jet within the merger ejecta (kinematic, neutrino-driven, and magnetorotational instability turbulence-driven) of a neutrino-radiation-GRMHD simulation of two coalescing neutron stars. We find that the presence of a postmerger low-density/low-pressure polar cavity, which arose due to angular momentum conservation, is crucial to let the jet break out. At the same time the ejecta collimates the jet to a narrow opening angle. The collimated jet has a narrow opening angle of ∼4°–7° and an energy of 1049–1050 erg, in line with the observations of GW170817 and other sGRBs.
Réseau social et évolutions de la famille au Japon : un nouvel examen
Authors: Piotrowski Martin , Rindfuss Ronald R. , Tamaki Emi , Choe Minja Kim , Tsuya Noriko O. , Bumpass Larry , Richou Camille 
Published: March 2023

En utilisant les données des enquêtes nationales de 2000 et 2009 sur les conditions familiales et économiques au Japon, cet article examine la relation entre le fait de connaître une personne adoptant des comportements familiaux « innovants » – tels que la cohabitation, les rapports sexuels hors mariage ou le recours à des modes de garde formels des enfants par les mères qui travaillent – et les attitudes envers de tels comportements. Les recherches existantes sur ce sujet sont prolongées de deux manières : en ajoutant une composante longitudinale pour estimer un modèle à effets fixes qui contrôle l’influence de l’hétérogénéité inobservée fixe dans le temps susceptible d’être liée à la fois à la connaissance de l’entourage et à ses propres attitudes ; et en se concentrant plus explicitement sur les différences entre les sexes. On constate que, mises à part les caractéristiques inobservées fixes dans le temps, les changements d’attitude envers les comportements familiaux innovants sont sensibles à une modification de l’entourage adoptant ce même comportement ou un comportement lié. C’est la création de nouveaux liens sociaux qui amène les femmes à reconsidérer le mariage, jusqu’alors perçu comme la condition sine qua non d’une vie épanouie pour les hommes et les femmes.
Orientation, numérique et pandémie : expériences et points de vue rétrospectifs d’étudiants de licence 1
Authors: Daverne-Bailly Carole , Grenier Véronique , Li Yong 
Published: March 2023

L’article porte sur l’expérience de l’orientation du lycée vers l’enseignement supérieur, dans un contexte de réformes éducatives et de pandémie. De l’analyse des données qualitatives et quantitatives recueillies auprès d’étudiants de licence 1, il ressort d’abord que les plateformes numériques mises à la disposition des jeunes sont pléthoriques, jugées utiles mais paradoxalement peu mobilisées, et ne préjugent en rien de la capacité à construire un projet d’orientation. Il ressort ensuite que l’utilisation de la plateforme Parcoursup cristallise les angoisses des élèves et des familles, en lien notamment avec un accompagnement décrit comme essentiellement procédural, un algorithme perçu comme opaque ou encore la crainte de faire des « mauvais » choix. Il ressort enfin que l’articulation entre orientation, numérique et pandémie est particulièrement fragile, les jeunes étant sensibles à un accompagnement personnalisé et en face-à-face. Nos résultats montrent que, dans un contexte donné, l’usage du numérique ne contribue guère au bien-être des jeunes et à la réduction des inégalités d’orientation.
STAT1 Controls the Functionality of Influenza-Primed CD4 T Cells but Therapeutic STAT4 Engagement Maximizes Their Antiviral Impact
Authors: Finn Caroline M , Dhume Kunal , Prokop Emily , Strutt Tara M , McKinstry K Kai 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
It is generally accepted that influenza A virus (IAV) infection promotes a Th1-like CD4 T cell response and that this effector program underlies its protective impact. Canonical Th1 polarization requires cytokine-mediated activation of the transcription factors STAT1 and STAT4 that synergize to maximize the induction of the “master regulator” Th1 transcription factor, T-bet. Here, we determine the individual requirements for these transcription factors in directing the Th1 imprint primed by influenza infection in mice by tracking virus-specific wild-type or T-bet-deficient CD4 T cells in which STAT1 or STAT4 is knocked out. We find that STAT1 is required to protect influenza-primed CD4 T cells from NK cell–mediated deletion and for their expression of hallmark Th1 attributes. STAT1 is also required to prevent type I IFN signals from inhibiting the induction of the Th17 master regulator, Rorγt, in Th17-prone T-bet−/− cells responding to IAV. In contrast, STAT4 expression does not appreciably impact the phenotypic or functional attributes of wild-type or T-bet−/− CD4 T cell responses. However, cytokine-mediated STAT4 activation in virus-specific CD4 T cells enhances their Th1 identity in a T-bet-dependent manner, indicating that influenza infection does not promote maximal Th1 induction. Finally, we show that the T-bet-dependent protective capacity of CD4 T cell effectors against IAV is optimized by engaging both STAT1 and STAT4 during Th1 priming, with important implications for vaccine strategies aiming to generate T cell immunity.
How to write a scoping review? – A comprehensive guide
Authors: Gupta Alpa , Singh Arundeep , Aneja Kritika , Aggarwal Vivek , Wadhwa Jitesh , Abraham Dax 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Systematic reviews occupy a higher order of hierarchy in the evidence pyramid; however, certain questions are left unanswered since a quantitative synthesis is difficult to achieve when there is limited and heterogeneous data. The scoping reviews thereby play a pivotal role in covering the gap in knowledge acting as a precursor to systematic reviews. They also aid in giving guidance for the scope of future research and the parameters that must be considered in future studies. To the best of our knowledge, limited scoping reviews have been conducted so far which could be attributed to a lack of awareness on what is the aim of scoping reviews and how does it contribute to evidence-based medicine. As a result, the purpose of this article is to highlight how a scoping review should be conducted.
Evaluation of smear layer removal and antimicrobial efficacy of intracanal herbal irrigants
Authors: Manasa Garikina , Kumar Mallela G. Manoj , Nallanchakrava Srinivas , Bala G. Naga Sri , Rao Kakumanu Nageshwar 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:
To evaluate and compare the efficiency of Triphala, Neem, the combination of Triphala, Neem and 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCI) in the removal of smear layer (SL) evaluated using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and antimicrobial efficacy against standard culture strains of Enterococcus faecalis.

Methods:
Seventy-five extracted human permanent teeth were divided into Group I control and Group II experimental, which was further subdivided into Group IIA, IIB, IIC, IID with 3% NaOCI, 5% Triphala extract, 7.5% Neem extract, and alternate use of Triphala and Neem and extracts as irrigants, respectively. The microbial sample was streaked on the agar plates to check colony-forming units/ml (CFU’s) after inoculation and incubation at pre- and postirrigation. Teeth that were instrumented, and irrigated were split longitudinally, and examined using SEM under ×400, ×1000 to determine the debris and SL.

Results:
Statistically significant reduction of CFU’s was noted at postirrigation in Sub Group IIA, IIB, IIC, and IID with a mean rank of 31.77, 46.7, 34.53, and 9, respectively. SL removal was significant (P = 0.001), with Group IID exhibiting a lower mean rank, followed by B, C, A, and Group I.

Conclusion:
The antimicrobial effect and SL removal efficacy were maximum for Group IID, which can be considered an effective herbal alternative in endodontic therapies.
Evaluation of the surface characteristics of nickel–titanium rotary instruments after clinical use: An atomic force microscope study
Authors: Jain Namrata , Nagaraja Shruthi , Mathew Sylvia , Jethani Bhawna , Kumari Mohini , Nambiar Sharanya , Sasank Soumya 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:
This study aimed to compare the surface roughness of two rotary nickel–titanium instrument systems before and after clinical use using atomic force microscope (AFM).

Methods:
Sixteen instruments of two rotary nickel–titanium systems were used in this study. Eight MTwo (VDW, Munich, Germany) instruments and eight Neoendo flex rotary files (Orikam Healthcare, India) were evaluated. New and the used rotary files of the two experimental groups were evaluated. Instruments were analyzed on a point at a 5-mm section from the tip of the instrument. Quantitative measurements according to the topographical deviations were recorded. The data were statistically analyzed with paired t-test and independent samples t-test.

Results:
The mean root mean square (RMS) values for new and used MTwo 25.06 files were 1.23 ± 0.176 nm and 1.58 ± 0.284 nm, respectively, and the difference between them was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The mean RMS values for new and used NeoEndo Flex Files 25.06 were 0.96 ± 0.34 nm and 1.76 ± 0.414 nm, respectively; the difference between them also was statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
According to the AFM analysis, the instruments underwent surface deterioration after clinical use and MTwo had better surface quality than NeoEndo Flex Files.
Oral Manifestations in Patients with Gastro-Esophageal Reflux Disease
Authors: Limdiwala Piyush G. , Shah Jigna S. , Parikh Shilpa J. , Pillai Jayasankar P. 
Published: March 2023

Aim:
To analyze the occurrence and correlation of oral manifestations of patients affected by gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD), especially with dental erosion.

Materials and Methods:
With a simple randomization method, a total of 120 patients, GERD-diagnosed patients (group 1, n = 60), based on complaints and reviewed by gastroenterologists through proper history, clinical pictures, and established investigations, and healthy individuals (group 2, n = 60), were enrolled in the study. Oral manifestations such as xerostomia, oral acid/burning sensation, subjective halitosis, dental sensitivity, and dental erosion were evaluated in both groups. The Chi-square test and continuous variables were compared by the Mann–Whitney test and the Kruskal–Wallis test (P value < 0.05, significant).

Results:
The Mann–Whitney U test on the distribution of the gastric complaints between two groups revealed a significant difference in all the variables. A significant difference was found in the distribution of all the oral manifestations except halitosis and dentinal hypersensitivity between both groups. The Chi-square test between the heartburn and dental erosions revealed a significant association (c2 = 293.761, df = 1, P < 0.001), whereas there was no significant association between heartburn and dentinal hypersensitivity.

Conclusion:
GERD and dental erosions had no significant correlation, whereas other oral manifestations and mucosal changes were found significant with GERD.
Comparative Study of Salivary Interleukin–8 (IL-8) in Patients with Oral Cancer, Potentially Malignant Disorders, and Tobacco Users
Authors: Amirthalingam Karthik , Thangavelu Ravikumar Pethagounder , Fenn Saramma Mathew , Mohan Karthik Rajaram 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Interleukin 8 (IL-8) or CX-CL8 is a powerful chemoattractant chemokine molecule and an inflammatory and angiogenesis-promoting cytokine, which acts as a biomarker in saliva in patients with tobacco users, oral cancers, and potentially malignant disorders.

Aims and Objective:
To evaluate and compare salivary IL-8 levels in patients with tobacco users, oral cancer, and potentially malignant disorders and healthy individuals using ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay).

Materials and Method:
Eighty samples were grouped into four sub-groups, with 20 samples in each group: Group I: 20 oral cancer patients; Group II: 20 potentially malignant disorders; Group III: 20 tobacco users; Group IV: 20 control subjects. A sample of unstimulated saliva of 5 mL was collected from the selected individuals based on the exclusion and inclusion criteria. Saliva was centrifuged at 3500 revolutions per minute (rpm), and ELISA for IL-8 was carried out in saliva, stored at –4°C.

Results:
IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows 11, Version 23.0 (Armonk, New York: IBM Corp) software was used for the analysis of data. Using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s test for post-hoc analysis, the significant difference in the multi-variate analysis was determined. The mean value of salivary IL-8 levels in Groups I, II, II, and IV was 1055.7, 1074.0, 857.9, and 781.7, respectively. The P value between the groups is 0.77 (p > 0.05), which is statistically not significant.

Conclusion:
This study found that tobacco users have greater salivary IL-8 levels than individuals with potentially malignant diseases and oral malignancies and healthy patients.
Evaluation of Salivary Sialic Acid and Salivary Alpha-L-Fucosidase Levels in Patients with Oral Submucous Fibrosis- A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Swatantramath Sunaina , Jangam Daya K. , Talreja Kajol , Bahadure Pranali , Kore Antara 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Saliva, a non-invasive diagnostic tool, is used to evaluate sialic acid and Alpha-L-Fucosidase in OSMF. Sialylation and fucosylation are glycosylation changes that mediate vital biological functions. By stabilizing glycoproteins and cellular membranes, sialic acid contributes to the identification and interaction of cells in biological systems. Alpha-L-Fucosidase is an enzyme found in lysosomes and responsible for catalyzing the hydrolytic cleavage of terminal fucose residue.

Aim:
To evaluate and compare salivary Sialic acid and salivary Alpha-L-fucosidase levels in patients with OSMF with age and gender-matched healthy controls and different stages of OSMF.

Materials and Methods:
The study included 30 Patients with clinically diagnosed OSMF and 30 age and gender-matched healthy controls. Unstimulated whole saliva samples were collected by the spit method. A saliva sample was used to estimate salivary sialic acid and salivary Alpha-L-glucosidase (ELISA) method.

Results:
Salivary Sialic acid and salivary Alpha-L-fucosidase levels were significantly higher (P < 0.001***) in patients with OSMF compared to healthy controls, and the levels gradually increased with an increase in the stages of the OSMF.

Conclusion:
Salivary Sialic acid and salivary Alpha-L-fucosidase in patients with OSMF can be a reliable biomarker for early detection and progression and have prognostic value.