bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exclusion Memories in Social Anxiety
Authors: Perets Noa , Hay Dan E. , Azoulay Roy , Gilboa-Schechtman Eva 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The impact of exclusion (affiliation-loss) events is theorized to be painful and personally meaningful, especially in social anxiety. However, specific data on the impact of autobiographical exclusion events in social anxiety is scarce. To fill this gap, we conducted two studies.

Methods
Participants (Study 1: N = 246; Study 2: N = 273), including varying levels of subclinical social anxiety, recalled exclusion events. The participants reported several indices of the events’ impact: emotional intensity, post-traumatic distress, the centrality of the exclusion event in the person’s life story, and cognitions concerning perceived affiliation and status following the event (Study 2).

Results
We hypothesized and found that social anxiety relates to enhanced post-traumatic distress, controlling for depressive symptoms and events’ centrality. Based on the dual sensitivity to affiliation and status in social anxiety (Gilboa-Schechtman, et al., 2024), we predicted that the association of social anxiety with post-traumatic distress will be mediated by affiliation and status-related cognitions. We found that status-, but not affiliation-related cognitions, mediate the impact of social anxiety on post-traumatic distress.

Conclusions
Exclusion events appear to be linked to heightened post-event distress, particularly among individuals with high social anxiety. Event centrality and status sensitivity may partially explain this association, pointing to potential directions for future research and therapeutic exploration.
An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis to Support Power Analyses for Randomized Intervention Studies in Preschool: Cognitive and Socio-Emotional Learning Outcomes
Authors: Brunner Martin , Stallasch Sophie E. , Artelt Cordula , Lüdtke Oliver 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
There is a need for robust evidence about which educational interventions work in preschool to foster children’s cognitive and socio-emotional learning (SEL) outcomes. Lab-based individually randomized experiments can develop and refine such interventions, and field-based randomized experiments (e.g., cluster randomized trials) evaluate their effectiveness in real-world daycare center settings. Applying reliable estimates of design parameters in the context of a priori power analyses is essential to ensure that the sample size of these studies is adequate to support strong statistical conclusions regarding the strength of the intervention effect. However, there is little knowledge on relevant design parameters with preschool children. We therefore utilized a systematic collection of individual participant data from four German probability samples (554 ≤ N ≤ 2928) with preschool children (aged two to six years) to estimate and meta-analyze design parameters. These parameters are relevant for planning single-level (e.g., in non-clustered lab-based settings), two-level (children nested in daycare centers), and three-level (children nested in groups, with groups nested in daycare centers) randomized intervention studies targeting cognitive and SEL outcomes assessed with three methods (standardized tests, parent ratings, and educator ratings). The design parameters depict between-group and -center differences as well as the proportion of variance in the outcomes explained by different covariate sets (socio-demographic characteristics, baseline measures, and their combination) at the child, group, and center level. In conclusion, this paper provides a rich source of design parameters, recommendations, and illustrations to support a priori power analyses for randomized intervention studies in early childhood education research.
Topical Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Quercetin Glycosides on Atopic Dermatitis-Like Lesions: Influence of the Glycone Type on Efficacy and Skin Absorption
Authors: Yang Shih-Chun , Chang Zi-Yu , Hsiao Chien-Yu , Alshetaili Abdullah , Wei Shih-Hsuan , Hsiao Yu-Tai , Fang Jia-You 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a multifaceted inflammatory skin condition characterized by the involvement of various cell types, such as keratinocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, and mast cells. Research indicates that flavonoids possess anti-inflammatory properties that may be beneficial in the management of AD. However, the investigation of the glycoside forms for anti-AD therapy is limited. We aimed to assess the ability of quercetin-3-O-glycosides in treating AD-like lesions through in silico-, cell-, and animal-based platforms. The glycosylated flavonols of quercitrin, isoquercitrin, and rutin were used in this study. We also tried to understand the influence of glycone type on the bioactivity and skin delivery of glycosides. The glycosides effectively reduced the overexpression of proinflammatory effectors such as interleukin (IL)-6, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL)1, CXCL8, regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), and thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) in the activated keratinocytes. This reduction could be due to the inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 phosphorylation. Isoquercitrin (but not quercitrin and rutin) could arrest the upregulated IL-6 and CCL5 in the macrophage model. The glycosides significantly prevented histamine release from RBL-2H3 cells. The skin absorption examination showed a greater permeation of quercitrin and isoquercitrin than rutin with dual sugar moieties due to the smaller molecular volume and higher lipophilicity. The skin deposition of quercitrin and isoquercitrin was enhanced by about 11-fold in the stripped and delipidized skins, which mimicked AD lesions. The in vivo dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced AD mouse model demonstrated less erosion, scaling, and epidermal hyperplasia after topical isoquercitrin treatment. The concentration of cytokines/chemokines in the lesion was decreased by isoquercitrin. These effects were similar to those of tacrolimus ointment. The immunohistochemistry (IHC) displayed the reduction of epidermal hyperproliferation and immune cell infiltration by topical isoquercitrin. The results indicated that the delivery of quercetin glycosides could provide an efficient and safe way to treat AD inflammation.
Could Empathy Be Taught? The Role of Advanced Technologies to Foster Empathy in Medical Students and Healthcare Professionals: A Systematic Review
Authors: Pira Giorgio Li , Ruini Chiara , Vescovelli Francesca , Baños Rosa , Ventura Sara 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The physician-patient relationship relies mostly on doctors’ empathetic abilities to understand and manage patients’ emotions, enhancing patient satisfaction and treatment adherence. With the advent of digital technologies in education, innovative empathy training methods such as virtual reality, simulation training systems, mobile apps, and wearable devices, have emerged for teaching empathy. However, there is a gap in the literature regarding the efficacy of these technologies in teaching empathy, the most effective types, and the primary beneficiaries -students or advanced healthcare professionals-. This study aims to address this gap through a literature review following PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in the PsychINFO, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases using specific keywords. Inclusion criteria for articles were established, and two researchers independently rated the selected articles, resolving any disagreements by consensus. Out of 1137 articles screened, a total of 14 articles were included in this review with a total of 1285 participants, who received empathic training integrated with the use of digital technologies. Only 9 articles defined the construct of empathy, focusing on cognitive, affective, clinical, or cultural aspects. Empathy was assessed with various methods and promoted through various digital technologies, including wearables (e.g. HMDs, SymPulse™ armband) and non-wearable devices (computer monitors, Mobile Apps, Kinect System). Participants were primarily medical students (68.1%), with few healthcare workers (31.9%) and nurses (2.9%). All digital technologies effectively promoted empathy among the target population except for 3 studies that involved advanced career healthcare workers. This review highlights the potential efficacy of digital technologies in fostering empathy among medical students, though not as effectively among advanced healthcare professionals. These insights have implications for designing targeted educational programs that address the distinct needs of healthcare professionals at varying career stages. Limitations and future research directions are also discussed.
Skin cancer classification using machine learning
Authors: Bogne Tchema Rodrigue , Polycarpou Anastasis C. , Nestoros Marios 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Skin cancer is a major public health problem, especially in the western world, having direct negative impact on life expectancy, quality of life, and on the economy in general. However, early detection of skin cancer could significantly reduce the mortality rate. For this purpose, tremendous efforts have been deployed in recent years for developing machine learning algorithms that can help in the early detection of skin cancer. In this paper, we focus on the classification of the three most common types of skin cancer lesions: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and melanoma (MEL). Two different convolution neural network (CNN) architectures were implemented for this aim: YOLO, version 7 (v7) using transfer learning and an in-house developed CNN algorithm with optimum number of layers and hyper-parameters. The results obtained by implementing the two algorithms with a total number of 2,792 training samples (after performing data augmentation) show better performance compared to some of the recently published works in the literature. Using YOLO, v7, the average accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity are 89.65%, 85%, and 91.90%, respectively. The aforementioned average values using the proposed CNN algorithm are 90.12%, 85.55%, and 92.57%, respectively.
Carbon footprints of greenhouse gas mitigation measures for a grass-based beef cattle finishing system in the UK
Authors: Jebari Asma , Takahashi Taro , Lee Michael R. F. , Collins Adrian L. , Coleman Kevin , Carswell Alison , Segura Carmen , Cardenas Laura , McAuliffe Graham A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Agri-food systems across the globe are faced with the challenge of reducing their supply-chain emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and methane (CH4). For instance, 10% of the UK’s GHG emissions are generated by agriculture, and ~ 56% of these are generated by livestock production. Numerous mitigation measures are being proposed to reduce GHG emissions from ruminants (representing 70 to 80% of total livestock emissions), particularly from beef cattle (presenting 30–40% of total livestock emissions).

Methods
To explore such potential, first, a business-as-usual (BAU) partial cradle-to-finishing farmgate scale modelling framework was developed. The BAU systems (i.e. steady-state productivity based on primary data from the North Wyke Farm Platform) were built using ensemble modelling wherein the RothC process-based soil organic carbon (SOC) model was integrated into the life cycle assessment (LCA) framework to conduct a trade-off analysis related to mitigation measures applicable to the study system. Potential mitigation measures were applied to the BAU scenario. The interventions assessed included: (i) extensification; (ii) adopting anaerobic digestion technology; and (iii) the use of the nitrification inhibitor DCD and substitution of fertiliser nitrogen with symbiotically fixed nitrogen from legumes.

Results
The partial carbon footprint for 1 kg of beef liveweight gain leaving the farmgate could be reduced by 7.5%, 12%, or 26% by adopting nitrification inhibitors, white clover introduction (pending establishment success), and anaerobic digestion for manure management, respectively.

Conclusions
The findings highlight the importance of including emissions beyond the farmgate level to analyse the carbon footprint of different management scenarios in order to assess the sustainability of agri-food production systems.
FSD1 inhibits glioblastoma diffuse infiltration through restriction of HDAC6-mediated microtubule deacetylation
Authors: Xiao Dake , Ran Haowen , Chen Lishu , Li Yuanyuan , Cai Yan , Zhang Songyang , Qi Qinghui , Wu Huiran , Zhang Cheng , Cao Shuailiang , Mi Lanjuan , Huang Haohao , Qi Ji , Han Qiuying , Tu Haiqing , Li Huiyan , Zhou Tao , Li Fangye , Li Ailing , Man Jianghong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The infiltration of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is predominantly characterized by diffuse spread, contributing significantly to therapy resistance and recurrence of GBM. In this study, we reveal that microtubule deacetylation, mediated through the downregulation of fibronectin type III and SPRY domain-containing 1 (FSD1), plays a pivotal role in promoting GBM diffuse infiltration. FSD1 directly interacts with histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) at its second catalytic domain, thereby impeding its deacetylase activity on α-tubulin and preventing microtubule deacetylation and depolymerization. This inhibitory interaction is disrupted upon phosphorylation of FSD1 at its Ser317 and Ser324 residues by activated CDK5, leading to FSD1 dissociation from microtubules and facilitating HDAC6-mediated α-tubulin deacetylation. Furthermore, increased expression of FSD1 or interference with FSD1 phosphorylation reduces microtubule deacetylation, suppresses invasion of GBM stem cells, and ultimately mitigates tumor infiltration in orthotopic GBM xenografts. Importantly, GBM tissues exhibit diminished levels of FSD1 expression, correlating with microtubule deacetylation and unfavorable clinical outcomes in GBM patients. These findings elucidate the mechanistic involvement of microtubule deacetylation in driving GBM cell invasion and offer potential avenues for managing GBM infiltration.
Epigenetics in the modern era of crop improvements
Authors: Xue Yan , Cao Xiaofeng , Chen Xiangsong , Deng Xian , Deng Xing Wang , Ding Yong , Dong Aiwu , Duan Cheng-Guo , Fang Xiaofeng , Gong Lei , Gong Zhizhong , Gu Xiaofeng , He Chongsheng , He Hang , He Shengbo , He Xin-Jian , He Yan , He Yuehui , Jia Guifang , Jiang Danhua , Jiang Jianjun , Lai Jinsheng , Lang Zhaobo , Li Chenlong , Li Qing , Li Xingwang , Liu Bao , Liu Bing , Luo Xiao , Qi Yijun , Qian Weiqiang , Ren Guodong , Song Qingxin , Song Xianwei , Tian Zhixi , Wang Jia-Wei , Wang Yuan , Wu Liang , Wu Zhe , Xia Rui , Xiao Jun , Xu Lin , Xu Zheng-Yi , Yan Wenhao , Yang Hongchun , Zhai Jixian , Zhang Yijing , Zhao Yusheng , Zhong Xuehua , Zhou Dao-Xiu , Zhou Ming , Zhou Yue , Zhu Bo , Zhu Jian-Kang , Liu Qikun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms are integral to plant growth, development, and adaptation to environmental stimuli. Over the past two decades, our comprehension of these complex regulatory processes has expanded remarkably, producing a substantial body of knowledge on both locus-specific mechanisms and genome-wide regulatory patterns. Studies initially grounded in the model plant Arabidopsis have been broadened to encompass a diverse array of crop species, revealing the multifaceted roles of epigenetics in physiological and agronomic traits. With recent technological advancements, epigenetic regulations at the single-cell level and at the large-scale population level are emerging as new focuses. This review offers an in-depth synthesis of the diverse epigenetic regulations, detailing the catalytic machinery and regulatory functions. It delves into the intricate interplay among various epigenetic elements and their collective influence on the modulation of crop traits. Furthermore, it examines recent breakthroughs in technologies for epigenetic modifications and their integration into strategies for crop improvement. The review underscores the transformative potential of epigenetic strategies in bolstering crop performance, advocating for the development of efficient tools to fully exploit the agricultural benefits of epigenetic insights.
Flexible Work Policies and the Division of Housework and Childcare in German Cohabiting Couples
Authors: Hünteler Bettina , Cass Andrea , Wetzel Martin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Flexible working arrangements have become increasingly common and are considered a means to better reconcile paid and unpaid work. Therefore, the use of such measures can determine how couples divide their household and childcare tasks. While currently these tasks are dominantly female connotated, an increase in flexible work arrangements may contribute to a more gender-egalitarian distribution of unpaid work. However, empirical evidence on this association is mixed, and it remains unclear to what extent it differs by gender. Using a sample of 3244 individuals in the German Family Panel of 2018/2019 who were cohabiting with an opposite-sex partner and by applying linear regression models, we tested several hypotheses derived from economic, gender, and time-availability approaches. We separately addressed the division of housework and childcare tasks related to three flexible work measures, namely home-office, schedule flexibility, and working-time autonomy. Contrary to our hypotheses, no flexibility measure seemed to be related to a higher share of household tasks. Rather, any significant association we identified was fully explained through gender: Women took on a larger share of any household task, irrespective of their work flexibility. Only the share of childcare performed seemed to differ by the use of schedule flexibility, as well as by gender. Whereas mothers’ contributions to childcare were larger when they used flexibility, those of fathers were smaller. We conclude that flexible working arrangements do not contribute to a more gender-egalitarian division of unpaid work per se, but the (gendered) motivation to use such flexibility may be decisive.
Risk Factors for Acute Pancreatitis Following Intragastric Balloon Insertion: A 7-Year Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Yahia Yousef , Abuodeh Joud , Chandra Prem , Mohamed Ethar , Zayad Anas , AbuAfifeh Leen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a rare but serious complication of intragastric balloon (IGB) therapy. Despite the popularity of IGBs for weight loss, the incidence and risk factors of AP post-IGB insertion are not well understood. This study aimed to identify potential predictors and risk factors of AP in IGB patients.

Methods
A retrospective time-to-event study was conducted over 7 years, encompassing patients who received IGBs between January 2017 and 2024. Cox regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors. The incidence of AP was evaluated as a secondary outcome. Patients were categorized into the AP and non-AP groups at a 1:3 ratio. The Revised Atlanta Classification was used to diagnose AP.

Results
Among 450 patients with IGB, 25 developed AP, yielding an incidence of 5.56%. The Orbera balloon was associated with a lower AP risk (HR 0.29, 95% CI: 0.09–0.96; P = 0.042). The median time to AP onset was 40 days. Higher preprocedural BMI and age > 30 years showed a trend toward reduced AP risk, though not statistically significant.

Conclusions
AP following IGB insertion is uncommon but may be underreported, with substantial variability in onset time. The Orbera balloon demonstrated a protective effect, highlighting the role of balloon type in AP risk. These findings underscore the importance of balloon selection and the need for further prospective studies to confirm these results and optimize AP risk management in IGB patients.
Serum FoxO1 and SIRT2 concentrations in healthy pregnant women and complicated by preeclampsia
Authors: Akkaya Fırat Asuman , Alıcı Davutoğlu Ebru , Özel Aysegül , Fırtına Tuncer Serap , Yılmaz Nevin , Madazlı Rıza 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Sirtuins and FoxO1 are reported to be important in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. This study aimed to investigate whether serum FoxO1 and SIRT2 concentrations differ between preeclampsia and normal pregnancy and also to compare these markers in early- and late-onset preeclampsia.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 27 women with early-onset preeclampsia, 27 women with late-onset preeclampsia, and 26 healthy normotensive pregnant controls. Maternal serum levels of FoxO1 and SIRT2 were measured with the use of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit.

Results
The mean maternal serum FoxO1 levels were significantly lower both in early-onset (9.1 ± 3.8 vs. 29.1 ± 3.2, p < 0.001) and late-onset preeclampsia (2.6 ± 1.6 vs. 29.1 ± 3.2, p < 0.001) than the normotensive pregnancies. The mean maternal serum FoxO1 level of late-onset preeclampsia was significantly lower than the early-onset preeclampsia group (2.6 ± 1.6 vs. 9.1 ± 3.8, p < 0.001). The mean maternal serum SIRT2 levels were significantly lower both in early-onset (4.5 ± 2.1 vs. 6.3 ± 0.9, p < 0.001) and late-onset preeclampsia (2.1 ± 0.6 vs. 6.3 ± 0.9, p < 0.001) than the healthy pregnancies.

Conclusions
FoxO1 and SIRT2 may be biomarkers for early detection of preeclampsia and potential therapeutic targets in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia.
An Investigation into the Public’s Attitude Toward Opting out of Brain Death
Authors: Ludka Nicholas , Hurse Deidre , Brummett Abram 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
There have been growing sentiments that the Uniform Determination of Death Act needs to be revised. One suggestion is to include a conscience clause, that is, allowing patients to “opt-out” of brain death determination. Understanding public attitudes toward a conscience clause may help inform policymakers and future proposed revisions. Therefore, we sought to investigate informed public attitudes toward continued medical support after the determination of brain death.

Methods
A nationwide online survey was distributed by a third-party provider. The survey had three components: (1) a 2-min educational video that explains five basic facts of brain death, (2) a validated five-item questionnaire to measure understanding of brain death, and (3) a six-item questionnaire to measure informed public attitudes toward a family’s request to continue medical support for a patient with brain death. Attitudes were measured on a seven-point Likert scale. A multiple linear regression model was developed to identify predictors of attitudes toward opting out of brain death. Analysis of variance with a post hoc Tukey test was used to compare attitudes across categorical demographic variables.

Results
We collected 1386 responses from participants across 49 states. The average five-item knowledge score was 88%. A total of 41.9% of all participants agreed that the hospital should be required to continue treatment for an individual with brain death if their family rejects brain death. A total of 24.4% and 27.3% of participants would request further treatment for themselves and a family member after a determination of brain death, respectively. Multiple linear regression identified attitudes for oneself and for a family member, age greater than 65 years, understanding that brain death is legal death, and male sex as predictors of attitudes toward requiring continued treatment (F(6, 1380) = 142.74, adjust R
2 = 0.38, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Nearly half of the participants would require hospitals to continue treatment for families who reject brain death as death. Future discussions on revising the Uniform Determination of Death Act to adopt a conscience clause should consider informed public attitudes.