bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term genetic monitoring of a translocated population of collared brown lemurs
Authors: D'Ercole Jacopo , Bertoncini Stefania , Giannì Maddalena , Taglioli Luca , Brisighelli Francesca , Campera Marco , Ramanamanjato Jean‐Baptiste , Tsagnangara Cedric , Capelli Cristian , Donati Giuseppe , Tofanelli Sergio 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPost‐release monitoring is important to improve translocation success because it provides an opportunity to identify factors relevant to the survival of local populations. We studied a population of the endangered collared brown lemur (Eulemur collaris) translocated from a degraded forest fragment to a nearby littoral forest within the Mandena Conservation Area in southeast Madagascar from 2000–2011. We compared genetic surveys of mitochondrial and nuclear markers with the genetic profile of nearby populations to examine the dispersal capacity of the collared brown lemur. We also performed a landscape analysis to assess changes in connectivity between forest fragments. There was a fluctuating trend characterized by a phase of demographic and genetic stability shortly after translocation, followed by an increase in genetic diversity coinciding with a population decrease and a gradual recovery of initial conditions. These results demonstrated the ability of the collared brown lemur to disperse through unfavorable landscapes and to recover after translocation. Our study revealed the importance of monitoring translocated populations over time using a multidisciplinary approach.
Reemission of inorganic pollution from permafrost? A freshwater hydrochemistry study in the lower Kolyma basin (North‐East Siberia)
Authors: Szumińska Danuta , Kozioł Krystyna , Chalov Sergey R. , Efimov Vasilii A. , Frankowski Marcin , Lehmann‐Konera Sara , Polkowska Żaneta 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPermafrost regions are under particular pressure from climate change resulting in widespread landscape changes, which impact also freshwater chemistry. We investigated a snapshot of hydrochemistry in various freshwater environments in the lower Kolyma river basin (North‐East Siberia, continuous permafrost zone) to explore the mobility of metals, metalloids and non‐metals resulting from permafrost thaw. Particular attention was focused on heavy metals as contaminants potentially released from the secondary source in the permafrozen Yedoma complex. Permafrost creeks represented the Mg‐Ca‐Na‐HCO3‐Cl‐SO4 ionic water type (with mineralisation in the range 600–800 mg L−1), while permafrost ice and thermokarst lake waters were the HCO3‐Ca‐Mg type. Multiple heavy metals (As, Cu, Co, Mn and Ni) showed much higher dissolved phase concentrations in permafrost creeks and ice than in Kolyma and its tributaries, and only in the permafrost samples and one Kolyma tributary we have detected dissolved Ti. In thermokarst lakes, several metal and metalloid dissolved concentrations increased with water depth (Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn – in both lakes; Al, Cu, K, Sb, Sr and Pb in either lake), reaching 1370 μg L−1 Cu, 4610 μg L−1 Mn, and 687 μg L−1 Zn in the bottom water layers. Permafrost‐related waters were also enriched in dissolved phosphorus (up to 512 μg L−1 in Yedoma‐fed creeks). The impact of permafrost thaw on river and lake water chemistry is a complex problem which needs to be considered both in the context of legacy permafrost shrinkage and the interference of the deepening active layer with newly deposited anthropogenic contaminants.
Epoxy polymers reinforced with phosphorus‐doped carbon dots for enhanced corrosion protection of carbon steel in marine environments
Authors: Gopika Rajasekharan , Ashraf Pachareentavita Muhamed , Binsi Puthenpurakkal Kizhakkethil 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFish skin, a major component of fish waste, has been utilized in this study for the facile synthesis of phosphorus‐doped carbon dots (PCDs). The study aimed to synthesize and investigate the potential application of PCDs as an effective material against corrosion when reinforced in different epoxy polymers. The UV‐visible and fluorescence spectroscopic characterization of PCD from fish skin confirmed the presence of multifluorophores and P doping, while transmission electron micrograph images revealed that the synthesized PCD had a diameter ranging from 6 to 8 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectrometer analysis showed the presence of a carbon skeleton with conjugated carbon double bonds, amines, ‐OH groups, aromatic rings, and phosphate groups. PCD reinforcement in three epoxy polymers and their coating over BIS 2062 carbon steel showed that PCD and epoxy polymers synergistically acted to improve the corrosion resistance of the coatings. An optimum concentration range of 0.01%–0.02% PCD was found to provide maximum corrosion resistance. PCD reinforcement has a potential impact on surface morphologies and electrochemical characteristics of epoxy coatings.
IRF2BP2 drives lymphatic metastasis in OSCC cells by elevating mitochondrial fission‐dependent fatty acid oxidation
Authors: Pang Xin , Li Tian‐Jiao , Shi Rong‐Jia , Wan Zi‐Xin , Tang Yue‐Yang , Tang Ya‐Ling , Liang Xin‐Hua 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLymph node metastasis (LNM) is a major determinant for the poor outcome of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Interferon regulatory factor 2 binding protein 2 (IRF2BP2) has been reported to modulate the development and progression of several types of cancers, while its role in OSCC with LNM has not been reported yet. The expression of IRF2BP2 and its association with LNM were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and qualitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in clinically collected OSCC tissues. Then, loss‐of‐function and rescue assays were conducted to identify the role of IRF2BP2‐mediated fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in the invasion, lymphoinvasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in OSCC cells. Importantly, confocal microscope, transmission electron microscope, immunofluorescence, and Western blot were applied to identify the involvement of mitochondrial fission in IRF2BP2‐regulated FAO. Lastly, the in vivo models were established to evaluate the role of IRF2BP2 in OSCC. IRF2BP2 overexpression has been associated with LNM in OSCC, whose knockdown inhibited invasion, lymphoinvasion, and EMT of OSCC cells, as well as retarded FAO rate with CPT1A downregulation. And CPT1A overexpression rescued invasion, lymphoinvasion, and induced EMT in IRF2BP2‐silenced OSCC cells. Mechanically, IRF2BP2 accelerated mitochondrial fission by contributing to Drp1 S616 phosphorylation and mitochondrial localization, resulting in the upregulation of CPT1A. In addition, IRF2BP2 knockdown significantly inhibited tumor growth and LNM in vivo. The highly expressed IRF2BP2 may induce the phosphorylation and mitochondrial translocation of Drp1 to activate mitochondrial fission, which upregulated CPT1A expression and FAO rate, resulting in LNM in OSCC. This highlighted a potential therapeutic vulnerability for the treatment of LNM+ OSCC via targeting IRF2BP2‐FAO.
Green finance, loan commitment, and environmental corporate social responsibility in a differentiated duopoly
Authors: Zhang Kai , Lian Xubei , Wang Leonard F. S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe analyze the firms' strategic choice of financing mode in both Cournot and Bertrand competition with pollution externalities. We show that, if the environmental corporate social responsibility (ECSR) firm does not abate, loan commitment financing will be used for ongoing dirty production, and the optimal interest rate is decreasing in the firm's ECSR concerns. However, when the ECSR firm voluntarily chooses a one‐shot abatement‐technology investment, the optimal choice is spot‐market financing. Compared with the case without abatement investment, the firm's finance for the green investment yields higher net consumer surplus and welfare unless the market size is sufficiently small.
Bidirectional Transcription at the PPP2R2B Gene Locus in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 12
Authors: Zhou Chengqian , Liu Hans B. , Jahanbakhsh Fatemeh , Deng Leon , Wu Bin , Ying Mingyao , Margolis Russell L. , Li Pan P. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundSpinocerebellar ataxia type 12 (SCA12) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by expansion of a CAG repeat in the PPP2R2B gene.ObjectiveIn this study, we tested the hypothesis that the PPP2R2B antisense (PPP2R2B‐AS1) transcript containing a CUG repeat is expressed and contributes to SCA12 pathogenesis.MethodsExpression of PPP2R2B‐AS1 transcript was detected in SCA12 human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), iPSC‐derived NGN2 neurons, and SCA12 knock‐in mouse brains using strand‐specific reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The tendency of expanded PPP2R2B‐AS1 (expPPP2R2B‐AS1) RNA to form foci, a marker of toxic processes involving mutant RNAs, was examined in SCA12 cell models by fluorescence in situ hybridization. The apoptotic effect of expPPP2R2B‐AS1 transcripts on SK‐N‐MC neuroblastoma cells was evaluated by caspase 3/7 activity. Western blot was used to examine the expression of repeat associated non‐ATG‐initiated translation of expPPP2R2B‐AS1 transcript in SK‐N‐MC cells.ResultsThe repeat region in the PPP2R2B gene locus is bidirectionally transcribed in SCA12 iPSCs, iPSC‐derived NGN2 neurons, and SCA12 mouse brains. Transfected expPPP2R2B‐AS1 transcripts induce apoptosis in SK‐N‐MC cells, and the apoptotic effect may be mediated, at least in part, by the RNA secondary structure. The expPPP2R2B‐AS1 transcripts form CUG RNA foci in SK‐N‐MC cells. expPPP2R2B‐AS1 transcript is translated in the alanine open reading frame (ORF) via repeat‐associated non‐ATG translation, which is diminished by single‐nucleotide interruptions within the CUG repeat and MBNL1 overexpression.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that PPP2R2B‐AS1 contributes to SCA12 pathogenesis and may therefore provide a novel therapeutic target for the disease. © 2023 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Structured matrix recovery from matrix‐vector products
Authors: Halikias Diana , Townsend Alex 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCan one recover a matrix efficiently from only matrix‐vector products? If so, how many are needed? This article describes algorithms to recover matrices with known structures, such as tridiagonal, Toeplitz, Toeplitz‐like, and hierarchical low‐rank, from matrix‐vector products. In particular, we derive a randomized algorithm for recovering an unknown hierarchical low‐rank matrix from only matrix‐vector products with high probability, where is the rank of the off‐diagonal blocks, and is a small oversampling parameter. We do this by carefully constructing randomized input vectors for our matrix‐vector products that exploit the hierarchical structure of the matrix. While existing algorithms for hierarchical matrix recovery use a recursive “peeling” procedure based on elimination, our approach uses a recursive projection procedure.
Adjacency‐based, non‐intrusive reduced‐order modeling for fluid‐structure interactions
Authors: Gkimisis Leonidas , Richter Thomas , Benner Peter 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNon‐intrusive model reduction is a promising solution to system dynamics prediction, especially in cases where data are collected from experimental campaigns or proprietary software simulations. In this work, we present a method for non‐intrusive model reduction applied to Fluid‐Structure Interaction (FSI) problems. The approach is based on the a priori known sparsity of the full‐order system operators, which is dictated by grid adjacency information. In order to enforce this type of sparsity, we solve a “local”, regularized least‐squares problem for each degree of freedom on a grid, considering only the training data from adjacent degrees of freedom (DoFs), thus making computation and storage of the inferred full‐order operators feasible. After constructing the non‐intrusive, sparse full‐order model (FOM), Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) is used for its projection to a reduced dimension subspace and thus the construction of a reduced‐order model (ROM). The methodology is applied to the challenging Hron‐Turek benchmark FSI3, for Re = 200. A physics‐informed, non‐intrusive ROM is constructed to predict the two‐way coupled dynamics of a solid with a deformable, slender tail, subject to an incompressible, laminar flow. Results considering the accuracy and predictive capabilities of the inferred reduced models are discussed.
Tuning the microstructure of polyurethane foam using nanocellulose for improved thermal insulation properties through an efficient dispersion methodology
Authors: Septevani Athanasia A. , Evans David A. C. , Martin Darren J. , Song Pingan , Annamalai Pratheep K. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNanocellulose is explored as an eco‐friendly cell modifier and reinforcer for improving the thermal insulation and mechanical performance of rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF). In this study, we report on a promising method for achieving ‘solvent‐free' dispersion of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) into polyether polyol for the production of RPUF. This was achieved through wet grinding of CNC powder in polyol in an agitator bead mill and the dispersion of CNCs in polyol was superior to classical ultrasonication. While the improvements (reduction) in thermal conductivity, due to the nucleation effect of CNCs, in the RPUF from the milling method is comparable to that from the ultrasonication method, it should be noted that it was achieved despite of a reduction in closed cell content (~80%) and at a similar average cell size. This effect has been attributed to either superior dispersion quality of the milling method and/or involvement of a zirconium impurity within the CNC‐RPUF.Research Highlights
Enhanced properties of polyurethane foam using well‐dispersed nanocellulose.
Superior dispersion of nanocellulose in polyol using agitator bead mill.
Involvement of zirconium for tuning microstructure of polyurethane foam.
An acrylic resin system for in‐situ pultrusion: Curing performances and rheology
Authors: Tian Lingyu , Zhang Puxuan , Xian Guijun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn recent years, the use of low viscosity and in‐situ polymerizable thermoplastic acrylic resins for advanced fiber reinforced composites has grown, specially to address the difficulty of fiber impregnation with high‐melt viscosity thermoplastic polymers. The present work investigated the curing kinetics, chemo‐rheology of an acrylic resin system for in‐situ pultrusion, and proposed the corresponding constitutive models. First, the curing kinetics was studied with the differential scanning calorimetry experiments. The viscosity development was obtained by a rheometer as functions of the degree of cure (DOC) and temperatures. The gelation point was acquired from the intersection point of storage and loss modulus curves through dynamic mechanical analysis test, which occurs at DOC of 0.65 determined by the cure kinetics model. Through the dynamic mechanical analysis, a four step cure hardening modulus model (modified CHILE approach) was proposed. The aforementioned models were applied in a case study to evaluate the influence of process parameters on the DOC, viscosity and physical behavior of the acrylic resin system in the pultrusion die.Highlights
Material characterizations of an acrylic resin system are investigated.
The cure kinetics and viscosity and elastic modulus models are proposed.
A pultrusion case study is given.
Pediatric negative pressure pulmonary edema: Case series and review of the literature
Authors: Ben‐David Yael , Bentur Lea , Gur Michal , Ilivitzki Anat , Toukan Yazeed , Nir Vered , Shallufi George , Dabbah Husein , Bar‐Yoseph Ronen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionNegative pressure pulmonary edema (NPPE) is a potentially life‐threatening complication that develops rapidly following acute upper airway obstruction. The condition is rare, dramatic but resolves quickly. Prompt recognition and appropriate supportive treatment may prevent unnecessary investigations and iatrogenic complications.MethodsWe describe a spectrum of etiologies and clinical manifestation of pediatric NPPE in our center and review of previous publications.ConclusionThe etiology for the development of NPPE in children has shifted over the years. Although dramatic in presentation, this type of pulmonary edema often resolves quickly with minimal support.
Micro venture capital
Authors: Amore Mario Daniele , Conti Annamaria , Pelucco Valerio 
Published: September 2023

AbstractResearch SummaryRecently, the venture capital (VC) industry has experienced the entry of several new capital providers. Using US data on investors and their portfolio startups from 2000 to 2022, we document the emergence of a new type of investors: the micro VC. Our analysis reveals that micro Venture Capitalists (VCs) have an idiosyncratic investment strategy, which differs from traditional VCs. Compared with these investors, micro VCs invest in riskier startups, that is, early‐stage ventures initiated by less experienced founders; yet, micro VCs are less likely to syndicate, stage their investments, and replace the startup founders. Additionally, startups funded by micro VCs are less likely to experience successful exits than those backed by traditional VCs. These results can be traced to a mix of smaller capital endowments, less sophisticated limited partners, and lesser human capital of which micro VCs dispose, and that may induce them to spread their thin capital across many investments to maximize returns. Our analysis also uncovers important differences in the strategies pursued by micro VCs and business angels.Managerial SummaryThe VC industry is increasingly populated by a variety of investors with disparate characteristics and objectives. One such type of investors is represented by the so‐called micro VC firms. These are VC firms that manage funds typically below $50 million and focused primarily on investing in founder‐led startups. We leverage comprehensive VC data in the United States to answer three questions: (1) Who leads micro VC firms? (2) How do micro VC firms invest? (3) How do startups backed by micro VC perform? We find that micro VC firms are often led by relatively inexperienced entrepreneurs with little VC experience, and these firms are supported by less sophisticated limited partners. Although micro VC firms invest in riskier startups, they are less engaged in syndication and investment staging than traditional VC firms. Finally, micro VC‐backed startups have a lower probability of successful exit as compared with those backed by traditional VC firms. Collectively, our results suggest that micro VCs differ from traditional VCs beyond being “micro.”
Large p SYK from chord diagrams
Authors: Mukhametzhanov Baur 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The p-body SYK model at finite temperature exhibits submaximal chaos and contains stringy-like corrections to the dual JT gravity. It can be solved exactly in two different limits: “large p” SYK 1 ≪ p ≪ N and “double-scaled” SYK N, p → ∞ with λ = 2p2/N fixed. We clarify the relation between the two. Starting from the exact results in the double-scaled limit, we derive several observables in the large p limit. We compute euclidean 2n-point correlators and out-of-time-order four-point function at long lorentzian times. To compute the correlators we find the relevant asymptototics of the $$ {\mathcal{U}}_q\left( su\left(1,1\right)\right) $$

U
q

su

1
1

6j-symbol.
Refined Decay Estimate and Analyticity of Solutions to the Linear Heat Equation in Homogeneous Besov Spaces
Authors: Ozawa Tohru , Takeuchi Taiki 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe heat semigroup $$\{T(t)\}_{t \ge 0}$$

{
T

(
t
)

}

t
≥
0

defined on homogeneous Besov spaces $$\dot{B}_{p,q}^s(\mathbb {R}^n)$$

B
˙

p
,
q

s

(

R

n

)

is considered. We show the decay estimate of $$T(t)f \in \dot{B}_{p,1}^{s+\sigma }(\mathbb {R}^n)$$

T

(
t
)

f
∈

B
˙

p
,
1

s
+
σ

(

R

n

)

for $$f \in \dot{B}_{p,\infty }^s(\mathbb {R}^n)$$

f
∈

B
˙

p
,
∞

s

(

R

n

)

with an explicit bound depending only on the regularity index $$\sigma >0$$

σ
>
0

and space dimension n. It may be regarded as a refined result compared with that of the second author (Takeuchi in Partial Differ Equ Appl Math 4:100174, 2021). As a result of the refined decay estimate, we also improve a lower bound estimate of the radius of convergence of the Taylor expansion of $$T(\cdot )f$$

T
(
·
)
f

in space and time. To refine the previous results, we show explicit pointwise estimates of higher order derivatives of the power function $$|\xi |^{\sigma }$$

|
ξ
|

σ

for $$\sigma \in \mathbb {R}$$

σ
∈
R

. In addition, we also refine the $$L^1$$

L
1

-estimate of the derivatives of the heat kernel.
Part-scale thermal modelling of the transfusion step in the selective thermoplastic electrophotographic process
Authors: Yeh Hao -Ping , Meinert Kenneth Æ. , Bayat Mohamad , Hattel Jesper H. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe working temperature of any 3D printer has a critical effect on process feasibility as well as the final quality of the product. In this respect, thermal analysis can provide a comprehensive understanding of operation parameters and optimization potential. This most certainly also is the case for the new layer-wise additive manufacturing system, selective thermoplastic electrophotographic process (STEP). In the present paper, we propose a 3D part-scale finite element thermal model for multi-materials which is developed in the commercial software Abaqus/CAE 2021. The reduced-order method, flash heating (FH), is adopted in the model to obtain good accuracy with acceptable simulation time. A specific analysis of the trade-offs between accuracy and CPU-time is carried out by varying the amount of lumping in the meta-layers in the FH method. Furthermore, we conduct an in-house experiment in which we use IR cameras for measuring temperatures during manufacturing, and the results are applied for model validation and calibration. We specifically compare measured and numerically predicted average surface temperatures when steady state is obtained after printing of each layer. Here we obtain a mean error up to 6% depending on the thickness of the meta-layers. Moreover, parametric studies show that pulse duration and heater intensity significantly influence both the surface and bulk temperature profiles, and this provides us with an increased understanding of the thermal behavior of the recently developed STEP process which in turn could make way for further process optimization.
Cemeteries and graveyards as potential reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes and bacteria: a review
Authors: Tarnawska Patrycja , Walczak Maciej , Burkowska-But Aleksandra 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe discovery of antibiotics remains one of the greatest achievements of the last century. Unfortunately, due to their overuse and misuse, the occurrence of resistance to antibiotics has become one of the most pressing dilemmas for human public health. Many sources of antibiotic resistance are known, including agriculture, animal husbandry, hospitals, sewage treatment plants, and potentially, cemetery soil. There is lack of sufficient evidence on the contribution of the cemetery soil in the introduction of antibiotic resistance into the environment; therefore, this issue needs to be explored. Here, we review the most important pathways for the transfer of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms and their genes and the main factors influencing the spreading efficiency. Unlike other studies on this subject, the article focuses on an area that seems to be overlooked, the cemetery soil environment. The presented data highlight the importance of cemetery soil in the spread of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms and their genes into the environment, which may help identify appropriate solutions to combat this problem more effectively. In addition, the review describes their potential importance in the escalation of the antibiotic resistance phenomenon, along with different methods of combating antimicrobial resistance.