bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three-loop matching coefficients for heavy flavor-changing currents and the phenomenological applications
Authors: Tao Wei , Xiao Zhen-Jun , Zhu Ruilin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Within the framework of non-relativistic QCD (NRQCD) factorization, we compute the matching coefficients between full Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) and NRQCD for the heavy flavor-changing vector, axial-vector, scalar and pseudo-scalar currents up to next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (N3LO). We accomplish the analytical expressions for the three-loop renormalization constants and the corresponding anomalous dimensions for all of the four NRQCD currents with two different heavy flavors. The three-loop QCD corrections to the matching coefficients turn out to be significantly larger than lower order corrections. By employing the scale relation, we approximately simulate the N3LO correction to the wave functions at the origin for the vector $$ {B}_c^{\ast } $$

B
c
∗

meson and the pseudo-scalar Bc meson from the known result for the equal-mass heavy quarkonium in potential NRQCD (pNRQCD). We find large cancellations at the third order between the matching coefficients and the wave functions at the origin, and obtain the convergent decay constants of $$ {B}_c^{\ast } $$

B
c
∗

and Bc up to N3LO. We present the complete perturbative QCD predictions for the decay constants, leptonic decay widths, and branching ratios of the beauty-charmed mesons.
Voltage Operations on Maniplexes, Polytopes and Maps
Authors: Hubard Isabel , Mochán Elías , Montero Antonio 
Published: May 2023

AbstractClassical geometric and topological operations on polyhedra, maps and polytopes often give rise to structures with the same symmetry group as the original one, but with more flags. In this paper we introduce the notion of voltage operations on maniplexes, as a way to unify the study of such operations and generalize them to other geometric and combinatorial structures such as abstract polytopes, hypermaps, maniplexes or hypertopes. This can be done since our technique provides a way to study classical operations in a graph theoretic setting, and thus to apply a voltage operation one only needs that the combinatorial structure in hand can be understood as an n-valent properly n-edge colored graph. For example, in the case of abstract polytopes, the partial order can be encoded into the so-called flag graph of the polytope and the voltage operation is therefore applied to such flag graph to then be recovered as a partial order. We focus on studying the interactions between voltage operations and the symmetries of the operated object, and show that these operations can be potentially used to build maniplexes with prescribed symmetry type graphs. Moreover, a complete characterization of when an operation can be seen as a voltage operation is given.
Heat transfer into the laminar wall jet
Authors: Peters Franz 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe flow past a flat plate is the predominant reference case in boundary layer studies. Less attention is payed to the closely related wall jet. The reason may be seen in the existence of a real source (nozzle) which involves a virtual origin. We have dealt with the laminar wall jet problem qualitatively and quantitatively in an earlier paper [2]. In the present paper we complement the flow case with heat transfer for constant wall temperature. The equations are derived and adapted to an experiment comprising a water heated cylinder encompassed by a lengthwise wall jet (air) emanating from a circumferential gap. Analytical transfer rates are compared with experimental ones. Agreement is found without any data fitting. Notably the Reynolds number dependence is confirmed which is Re3/4 instead of Re1/2 for the flat plate.
Getriebefedern für einen effizienten und regelbaren Betrieb von Kupplungs- und Bremssystemen in E-Fahrzeugen
Authors: Gürbüz Hüseyin , Bischofberger Arne , Ott Sascha 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungNasslaufende Lamellenkupplungen und Bremsen bieten in elektrischen Antrieben als Schaltelement für ein Mehrganggetriebe oder als Bremse bei radnahen Antrieben weiterhin große Potenziale, um die Effizienz und Regelbarkeit des Antriebsstrangs zu verbessern.Dabei wurde in bisherigen Forschungsarbeiten deutlich, dass sich die Durchmesser der nasslaufenden Lamellenkupplungen aufgrund der hohen Drehzahlen verkleinern und im gleichen Zug die Anzahl an Lamellen erhöhen müssen. Dies bringt neue Herausforderungen für die Effizienz und Regelbarkeit des Schaltelements mit sich.Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt eine Methode vor, um eine Zwangsdistanzierung der Lamellen durch Lamellenseparierungsfedern einzustellen und zum einen die Schleppmomente zu reduzieren und zum anderen die Regelbarkeit solcher Kupplungs- und Bremssysteme zu verbessern.Hierzu wurden experimentelle Voruntersuchungen am IPEK-Institut für Produktentwicklung an konventionellen Lamellenkupplungen und -bremsen durchgeführt und ein Simulationsmodell für den Einsatz von nasslaufenden Lamellenkupplungen in einem schaltbaren E‑Antrieb mit kleineren Reibdurchmessern und hoher Anzahl an Reiblamellen aufgebaut.Die experimentellen Untersuchungen beinhalten Schleppmomentuntersuchungen bei zwei unterschiedlichen Getriebetemperaturen und Dynamikuntersuchungen an einer Bremse sowie Untersuchungen zum Drehmomentübertragungsverhalten im Kupplungsbetrieb.Dabei wurden die Kräfte im Kupplungssystem mittels der Federn variiert und eine Testkombination ermittelt, bei der die Ergebnisse eine deutliche Reduzierung der Drehzahlschwankungen ergeben.Diese Erkenntnisse wurden bei der Auslegung der Hochdrehzahlkupplung herangezogen und anhand von Simulationsuntersuchungen zum Übertragungsverhalten sowie experimentellen Schleppmomentuntersuchungen bis 20.000 min−1 verifiziert. Die vorgestellte Testmethodik kann in der Produktentwicklung eingesetzt werden, um das Systemverhalten von nasslaufenden Lamellenkupplungen in den Betriebszuständen „offen“ und „synchronisieren“ durch den Einsatz von Lamellenseparierungsfedern zu verbessern und Frontloading zu betreiben.
Diamond-like carbon coating to inner surface of polyurethane tube reduces Staphylococcus aureus bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation
Authors: Kuwada Noriaki , Fujii Yasuhiro , Nakatani Tatsuyuki , Ousaka Daiki , Tsuji Tatsunori , Imai Yuichi , Kobayashi Yasuyuki , Oozawa Susumu , Kasahara Shingo , Tanemoto Kazuo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStaphylococcus aureus is one of the main causative bacteria for polyurethane catheter and artificial graft infection. Recently, we developed a unique technique for coating diamond-like carbon (DLC) inside the luminal resin structure of polyurethane tubes. This study aimed to elucidate the infection-preventing effects of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating on a polyurethane surface against S. aureus. We applied DLC to polyurethane tubes and rolled polyurethane sheets with our newly developed DLC coating technique for resin tubes. The DLC-coated and uncoated polyurethane surfaces were tested in smoothness, hydrophilicity, zeta-potential, and anti-bacterial properties against S. aureus (biofilm formation and bacterial attachment) by contact with bacterial fluids under static and flow conditions. The DLC-coated polyurethane surface was significantly smoother, more hydrophilic, and had a more negative zeta-potential than did the uncoated polyurethane surface. Upon exposure to bacterial fluid under both static and flow conditions, DLC-coated polyurethane exhibited significantly less biofilm formation than uncoated polyurethane, based on absorbance measurements. In addition, the adherence of S. aureus was significantly lower for DLC-coated polyurethane than for uncoated polyurethane under both conditions, based on scanning electron microscopy. These results show that applying DLC coating to the luminal resin of polyurethane tubes may impart antimicrobial effects against S. aureus to implantable medical polyurethane devices, such as vascular grafts and central venous catheters.
Cardiovascular autonomic regulation correlates with cognitive performance in patients with a history of traumatic brain injury
Authors: Wang Ruihao , Muresanu Dafin , Hösl Katharina , Hilz Max J. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background and objective

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) may afflict brain areas contributing to both cardiovascular autonomic regulation and cognitive performance. To evaluate possible associations between both functions in patients with a history of TBI (post-TBI-patients), we determined correlations between cardiovascular autonomic regulation and cognitive function in post-TBI-patients.

Methods
In 86 post-TBI-patients (33.1 ± 10.8 years old, 22 women, 36.8 ± 28.9 months after injury), we monitored RR intervals (RRI), systolic and diastolic blood pressures (BPsys, BPdia), and respiration (RESP) at rest. We calculated parameters of total cardiovascular autonomic modulation (RRI-standard-deviation (RRI-SD), RRI-coefficient-of-variation (RRI-CV), RRI-total-powers), sympathetic (RRI-low-frequency-powers (RRI-LF), normalized (nu) RRI-LF-powers, BPsys-LF-powers) and parasympathetic modulation (root-mean-square-of-successive-RRI-differences (RMSSD), RRI-high-frequency-powers (RRI-HF), RRI-HFnu-powers), sympathetic-parasympathetic balance (RRI-LF/HF-ratios), and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). We used the Mini-Mental State Examination and Clock Drawing Test (CDT) to screen the general global and visuospatial cognitive function, and applied the standardized Trail Making Test (TMT)-A assessing visuospatial abilities and TMT-B assessing executive function. We calculated correlations between autonomic and cognitive parameters (Spearman’s rank correlation test; significance: P < 0.05).

Results
CDT values positively correlated with age (P = 0.013). TMT-A values inversely correlated with RRI-HF-powers (P = 0.033) and BRS (P = 0.043), TMT-B values positively correlated with RRI-LFnu-powers (P = 0.015), RRI-LF/HF-ratios (P = 0.036), and BPsys-LF-powers (P = 0.030), but negatively with RRI-HFnu-powers (P = 0.015).

Conclusions
In patients with a history of TBI, there is an association between decreased visuospatial and executive cognitive performance and reduced parasympathetic cardiac modulation and baroreflex sensitivity with relatively increased sympathetic activity. Altered autonomic control bears an increased cardiovascular risk; cognitive impairment compromises quality of life and living conditions. Thus, both functions should be monitored in post-TBI-patients.
“As a psychiatry resident I am invited to explore my identity. But when I accept that invitation, I still encounter a wall.” A qualitative study on inclusion experienced by psychiatry residents with a migration background, sexual minority identity and/or working-class background
Authors: Muller Donna Piëtra , Verdonk Petra , van de Grift Timotheüs Cornelis , de Koning Mariken Beatrijs 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDiversity in terms of class, sexual identity and migration background among medical students in high income countries has increased greatly in recent decades. Some research into the experiences of these new groups of doctors has been performed. However, no previous research into the experiences of psychiatry residents specifically, is known. This qualitative study investigates how psychiatry residents, from these minoritized groups, experience their training regarding inclusion. Inclusion is defined as the degree to which one’s needs for connection and for being valued in one’s uniqueness, is satisfied. In-depth interviews with 16 psychiatry residents were conducted. These interviews were transcribed and coded using MaxQDA software. Initial themes that were constructed, were explored further in subsequent interviews and linked to literature. Finally, the developed themes were ordered in a model conceptualizing inclusion. Participants reported high belongingness within psychiatry training. Their experienced value in uniqueness, however, was generally quite low. Participants reported to experience little interest in and sensitivity for their perspectives and lived experiences from their co-workers. When faced with stigmatization and discrimination, participants reported lack of support from their colleagues. Assimilation was found to be the most frequently used coping strategy in dealing with diversity. Participants seemed to conform to the ‘neutral’ norm and experienced barriers in expressing themselves. Through this mechanism of assimilation, the added value that participants might bring with their unique knowledge and lived experiences was not used, both in patient care and in creating an inclusive climate within the organization. Moreover, assimilation is associated with psychological strain.
Microbial responses to soil cooling might explain increases in microbial biomass in winter
Authors: Schnecker Jörg , Spiegel Felix , Li Yue , Richter Andreas , Sandén Taru , Spiegel Heide , Zechmeister-Boltenstern Sophie , Fuchslueger Lucia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn temperate, boreal and arctic soil systems, microbial biomass often increases during winter and decreases again in spring. This build-up and release of microbial carbon could potentially lead to a stabilization of soil carbon during winter times. Whether this increase is caused by changes in microbial physiology, in community composition, or by changed substrate allocation within microbes or communities is unclear. In a laboratory incubation study, we looked into microbial respiration and growth, as well as microbial glucose uptake and carbon resource partitioning in response to cooling. Soils taken from a temperate beech forest and temperate cropland system in October 2020, were cooled down from field temperature of 11 °C to 1 °C. We determined microbial growth using 18O-incorporation into DNA after the first two days of cooling and after an acclimation phase of 9 days; in addition, we traced 13C-labelled glucose into microbial biomass, CO2 respired from the soil, and into microbial phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs). Our results show that the studied soil microbial communities responded strongly to soil cooling. The 18O data showed that growth and cell division were reduced when soils were cooled from 11 to 1 °C. Total respiration was also reduced but glucose uptake and glucose-derived respiration were unchanged. We found that microbes increased the investment of glucose-derived carbon in unsaturated phospholipid fatty acids at colder temperatures. Since unsaturated fatty acids retain fluidity at lower temperatures compared to saturated fatty acids, this could be interpreted as a precaution to reduced temperatures. Together with the maintained glucose uptake and reduced cell division, our findings show an immediate response of soil microorganisms to soil cooling, potentially to prepare for freezing events. The discrepancy between C uptake and cell division could explain previously observed high microbial biomass carbon in temperate soils in winter.
Fully discrete heterogeneous multiscale method for parabolic problems with multiple spatial and temporal scales
Authors: Eckhardt Daniel , Verfürth Barbara 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe aim of this work is the numerical homogenization of a parabolic problem with several time and spatial scales using the heterogeneous multiscale method. We replace the actual cell problem with an alternate one, using Dirichlet boundary and initial values instead of periodic boundary and time conditions. Further, we give a detailed a priori error analysis of the fully discretized, i.e., in space and time for both the macroscopic and the cell problem, method. Numerical experiments illustrate the theoretical convergence rates.
Association between birth characteristics and incidence of pituitary adenoma and craniopharyngioma: a registry-based study in California, 2001–2015
Authors: Cote David J. , Wang Rong , Morimoto Libby M. , Metayer Catherine , Zada Gabriel , Wiemels Joseph L. , Ma Xiaomei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the association between birth characteristics, including parental sociodemographic characteristics, and early-onset pituitary adenoma (PA) and craniopharyngioma.

Methods
Leveraging the population-based California Linkage Study of Early-onset Cancers, we identified the birth characteristics of incident cases with PA (n = 1,749) or craniopharyngioma (n = 227) who were born from 1978 to 2015 and diagnosed 1988–2015, as well as controls in a 50:1 ratio matched on birth year. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) estimates were computed using unconditional multivariable logistic regression.

Results
Males had a lower risk of PA than females (OR = 0.37, 95%CI: 0.34–0.41), and Black (OR = 1.55, 95%CI: 1.30–1.84) or Hispanic (OR = 1.53, 95%CI: 1.34–1.74) individuals had a higher risk compared to non-Hispanic Whites. Older maternal age was positively associated with PA (OR = 1.09, 95%CI: 1.04–1.15 per 5 years, p < 0.01), as was higher maternal education (OR = 1.12, 95%CI: 1.04–1.20 per year, p < 0.01). There were no statistically significant associations between birthweight (OR = 1.04, 95%CI: 0.99–1.09 per 500 g, p = 0.12), birth plurality, or birth order and PA. When stratified by race and ethnicity, the significant association with maternal education was identified only for non-Hispanic White individuals. On multivariable logistic regression, no statistically significant associations were identified between birth characteristics and incidence of craniopharyngioma, except that risk was higher among Hispanic (OR = 1.45, 95%CI: 1.01–2.08) compared to non-Hispanic White individuals.

Conclusion
In this large, population-based study, female sex, older maternal age, higher maternal education, and Hispanic ethnicity and Black race compared to non-Hispanic White race, were associated with an increased risk of PA in children and young adults.
A new, evidence-based, theory for knowledge reuse in security risk analysis
Authors: Labunets Katsiaryna , Massacci Fabio , Paci Federica , Tuma Katja 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSecurity risk analysis (SRA) is a key activity in software engineering but requires heavy manual effort. Community knowledge in the form of security patterns or security catalogs can be used to support the identification of threats and security controls. However, no evidence-based theory exists about the effectiveness of security catalogs when used for security risk analysis. We adopt a grounded theory approach to propose a conceptual, revised and refined theory of SRA knowledge reuse. The theory refinement is backed by evidence gathered from conducting interviews with experts (20) and controlled experiments with both experts (15) and novice analysts (18). We conclude the paper by providing insights into the use of catalogs and managerial implications.
Impacts of residual 3D printing metal powders on immunological response and bone regeneration: an in vivo study
Authors: Tang Jincheng , Sang Zhuo , Zhang Xiaolei , Song Changhui , Tang Wei , Luo Xiaoping , Yan Ming 
Published: May 2023

AbstractResidual powder is a defect in powder bed fusion-based additive manufacturing (3D printing), and it is difficult to completely remove it from as-printed materials. In addition, it is not necessary to apply 3D printed implants with residual powder in the clinic. The immunological response triggered by the residual powder is an important area of study in medical research. To further understand the possible immunological reactions and hidden dangers caused by residual powders in vivo, this study compared the immunological reactions and osteolysis caused by typical powders for four implant materials: 316 L stainless steel, CoCrMo, CP-Ti, and Ti-6Al-4V (particle size range of 15–45 μm), in a mouse skull model. Furthermore, the possible immunological responses and bone regeneration induced by the four 3D printed implants with residual powder in a rat femur model were compared. In the mouse skull model, it was found that the 316L-S, CoCrMo-S, and especially the 316L-M powders, upregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory factors, increased the ratio of RANKL/OPG, and activated more functional osteoclasts, resulting in more severe bone resorption compared with those in other groups. In the rat femur model, which is more suitable for clinical practice, there is no bone resorption in implants with residual powders, but they show good bone regeneration and integration ability because of their original roughness. The results indicate that the expressions of inflammatory cytokines in all experimental groups were the same as those in the control group, showing good biological safety. The results answered some critical questions related to additively manufactured medical materials in vivo and indicated that as-printed implants may have great potential in future clinical applications.Graphical Abstract
Psychological distress and symptom-related burnout in asthma during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Salsman Margot L. , Nordberg Hannah O. , Howell Jaxen , Berthet-Miron Maria Michelle , Rosenfield David , Ritz Thomas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPeople with asthma may be particularly vulnerable to pandemic-related psychological distress, and research is needed to understand the impact of the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic on their health and well-being. We sought to study the well-being of people with asthma relative to non-asthmatic controls during the COVID-19 pandemic. We also investigated asthma symptoms and COVID-19-related anxiety as potential mediators of distress. Participants completed self-report measures of psychological functioning, including anxiety, depression, stress, and burnout. Controlling for potential confounds, multiple-regression analyses examined differences in psychological health between people with and without asthma. Mediator analyses investigated the role of asthma symptoms and COVID-19-related anxiety in this relationship. 234 adults (111 with asthma, 123 without) participated in an online survey from July to November 2020. During this time, people with asthma reported higher levels of anxiety, perceived stress, and burnout symptoms compared to controls. Elevations in burnout symptoms were found beyond general anxiety and depression (sr2 = .03, p < .001). Reported symptoms typical in both asthma and COVID-19 partially mediated this relationship (Pm = .42, p < .05). People with asthma reported unique psychological challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic including elevated burnout symptoms. Experience of asthma symptoms played a key role in vulnerability to emotional exhaustion. Clinical implications include increased attention to asthma symptom burden within the context of heightened environmental stress and restricted healthcare access.