bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatio-temporal risk prediction of leptospirosis: A machine-learning-based approach
Authors: Govan Rodrigue , Scherrer Romane , Fougeron Baptiste , Laporte-Magoni Christine , Thibeaux Roman , Genthon Pierre , Fournier-Viger Philippe , Goarant Cyrille , Selmaoui-Folcher Nazha 
Published: January 2025

Background
Leptospirosis is a neglected zoonotic disease prevalent worldwide, particularly in tropical regions experiencing frequent rainfall and severe cyclones, which are further aggravated by climate change. This bacterial zoonosis, caused by the Leptospira genus, can be transmitted through contaminated water and soil. The Pacific islands bear a high burden of leptospirosis, making it crucial to identify key factors influencing its distribution. Understanding these factors is vital for developing targeted policy decisions to mitigate the spread of Leptospira.

Methodology/Principal findings
This study aims to establish a precise spatio-temporal risk map of leptospirosis at a national scale, using binarized incidence rates as the variable to predict. The spatial analysis was conducted at a finer resolution than the city level, while the temporal analysis was performed on a monthly basis from 2011 to 2022. Our approach utilized a comprehensive strategy combining machine learning models trained on binarized incidences, along with descriptive techniques for identifying key factors. The analysis encompasses a broad spectrum of variables, including meteorological, topographic, and socio-demographic factors. The strategy achieved a concordance metric of 83.29%, indicating a strong ability to predict the presence of contamination risk, with a sensitivity of 83.93%. Key findings included the identification of seasonal patterns, such as the impact of the El Niño Southern Oscillation, and the determination that rainfall and humidity with a one-month lag are significant contributors to Leptospira contamination. Conversely, soil types rich in organic matter may reduce bacterial presence and survival.

Conclusions/Significance
The study highlights the significant influence of environmental factors on the seasonal spread of Leptospira, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. These findings are crucial for public health planning, providing insights for targeted policies to reduce leptospirosis, while advanced machine learning models serve as a robust tool for improving disease surveillance, and risk assessment, which ultimately supports the development of an early warning system.
Changes in stress-related outcomes among graduate students following the Mindfulness Ambassador Program: A pilot study
Authors: Vasudevan Varsha , Tran Benjamin , Burke Shauna M. , Tucker Patricia , Irwin Jennifer D. 
Published: January 2025

Objectives
Graduate students face numerous demands, high stress levels, and associated challenges to intra- and inter-personal relationships. Mindfulness may help to ease such challenging experiences. The Mindfulness Ambassador Program (MAP) is a promising group-based program that has not yet been studied among graduate students. The primary objectives of this study were to: (1) explore graduate students’ perceptions of stress, and their relationships with themselves and meaningful others; (2) explore graduate students’ perspectives of and satisfaction with the MAP; and (3) investigate if participation in the MAP elicited changes in graduate students’ perceived levels of stress, self-awareness, interpersonal skills, and/or social connectedness.

Methods
In this one-group, pre/post mixed-methods pilot study, nine participants completed pre-post questionnaires and participated in a semi-structured interview post-intervention. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, thematic analysis, and paired t-tests.

Results
Pre-intervention, qualitative themes included participants experiencing moderate-to-high stress levels, intrapersonal conflict, interpersonal relationship challenges, and seeing oneself as a work in progress. Post-intervention themes included better stress management, increased consideration for oneself and others, feelings of connection with others, and overall satisfaction with the MAP. Statistically significant improvements were found from pre- to post-intervention in mean score differences for perceived stress (p = .043), private self-awareness (p = .006), awareness of immediate surroundings (p = .044), and social connectedness (p = .006).

Conclusions
Participants reported several benefits from their positive experience participating in the MAP. These findings may be used to inform future mindfulness-based programming for graduate students.
The diagnostic accuracy of umbilical cord procalcitonin in predicting early-onset neonatal infection
Authors: Nguyen Thi Thanh Binh , Thi Diep Anh Truong , Truong Quang Vinh , Pham Thi Ny 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
To determine the threshold of umbilical cord blood procalcitonin for early-onset neonatal infection diagnosis.

Method
This prospective study was conducted on 126 neonates in the neonatal care unit of Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, Vietnam, from June 01, 2023 to August 31, 2024. All neonates showed signs at birth or risk factors for early-onset infection (EOI) and were divided into two groups: EOI group and non-EOI group. Umbilical cord blood samples were collected for procalcitonin analysis immediately after birth.

Results
The median procalcitonin (PCT) levels in umbilical cord blood were significantly higher in the EOI group (0.154 ng/ml [0.092–0.197]) compared to the non-EOI group (0.097 ng/ml [0.082–0.134]; p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve determined the optimal threshold value of PCT of 0.142 ng/ml with an AUC 0.751 (95% CI: 0.661–0.841, p<0.001) in the total population. At this cut-off, the Se, Sp, PPV, and NPV were 68.2%, 76.8%, 61.2%, and 81.8%, respectively. The optimal cut-off value for preterm neonates was 0.122 ng/ml (AUC: 0.785, 95% CI: 0.658–0.911, p<0.001) corresponding a Se of 79.2%, Sp of 74.1%, PPV of 73.1%, and NPV of 80.0%. In term group, the optimal cut-off value was 0.150 ng/ml (AUC: 0.726, 95% CI: 0.583–0.860, p<0.01), with a Se of 60.0%, Sp of 80.4%, PPV of 52.2%, and NPV of 84.9%.

Conclusions
Umbilical cord blood PCT concentration were elevated in neonates with EOI. PCT could be a valuable marker for the early diagnosis of EOI.
Unlocking prognostic potential: A genomic signature of caloric restriction in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Tal Ori , Zahavi Tamar , Sinberger Liat Anabel , Salmon-Divon Mali 
Published: January 2025

Objectives
Epithelial ovarian cancer is a significant contributor to cancer-related mortality in women, frequently recurring post-treatment, often accompanied by chemotherapy resistance. Dietary interventions have demonstrated influence on cancer progression; for instance, caloric restriction has exhibited tumor growth reduction and enhanced survival in animal cancer models. In this study, we calculated a transcriptomic signature based on caloric-restriction for ovarian cancer patients and explored its correlation with ovarian cancer progression.

Methods
We conducted a literature search to identify proteins modulated by fasting, intermittent fasting or prolonged caloric restriction in human females. Based on the gene expression of these proteins, we calculated a Non-Fasting Genomic Signature score for each ovarian cancer sample sourced from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Subsequently, we examined the association between this genomic profile and various clinical characteristics.

Results
The non-fasting genomic signature, comprising eight genes, demonstrated higher prevalence in primary ovarian tumors compared to normal tissue. Patients with elevated signature expression exhibited reduced overall survival and increased lymphatic invasion. The mesenchymal subtype, associated with chemotherapy resistance, displayed the highest signature expression. Multivariate analysis suggested the non-fasting genomic signature as a potential independent prognostic factor.

Conclusions
Ovarian cancer tumors expressing a “non-fasting” transcriptional profile correlate with poorer outcomes, emphasizing the potential impact of caloric restriction in improving patient survival and treatment response. Further investigations, including clinical trials, are warranted to validate these findings and explore the broader applicability of non-fasting genomic signatures in other cancer types.
Interpreting positive celiac serology in children with new-onset type 1 diabetes
Authors: Ramharack Lydia , Hawkes Colin P. , Coughlin Paige , Juste Lionola , Ojukwu Sando , Willi Steven M. , Singh Arunjot 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
The association of celiac disease (CD) in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is well-established, yet variation exists in screening practices. This study measures the accuracy of early screening with tissue transglutaminase Immunoglobulin A (TTG-IgA) and endomysial antibody (EMA) in newly diagnosed T1DM.

Methods
This is a retrospective study of children with T1DM between 2013 and 2019 with early CD screening and follow-up. Data elements included anthropometrics, serologies, blood pH, bicarbonate, and Hemoglobin A1c. Celiac serologies were analyzed using chi-square and receiver operating characteristic curves to calculate optimal levels for predicting CD.

Results
A total of 1,292 children met inclusion criteria with 142 having positive celiac serologies; 47 (33.1 %) of whom were subsequently diagnosed with CD – an incidence of 3.6 %. All subjects with positive EMA and TTG-IgA ≥8 times upper limit of normal were diagnosed with CD. Gastrointestinal symptoms, BMI, and thyroid disease were not statistically significant variables in this cohort, although there was a trend toward CD in lower BMI patients and higher TTG IgA in those with markedly elevated HgbA1c.

Conclusions
Early celiac screening in T1DM is reliable and promotes timely CD diagnosis and treatment. Although transient positive celiac serologies were noted, the degree of TTG-IgA elevation and EMA positivity are strong predictors of coexisting CD. Larger prospective studies using these assays will further define the risk stratification algorithm that is needed for our T1DM community.
Probing the chirality of a single microsphere trapped by a focused vortex beam through its orbital period
Authors: Diniz Kainã , Schoger Tanja , da Fonseca Arthur L. , Dutra Rafael S. , Ether Jr Diney S. , Ingold Gert-Ludwig , Pinheiro Felipe A. , Viana Nathan B. , Neto Paulo A. Maia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
When microspheres are illuminated by tightly focused vortex beams, they can be trapped in a non-equilibrium steady state where they orbit around the optical axis. By using the Mie–Debye theory for optical tweezers, we demonstrate that the orbital period strongly depends on the particle’s chirality index. Taking advantage of such sensitivity, we put forth a method to experimentally characterize with high precision the chiroptical response of individual optically trapped particles. The method allows for an enhanced precision at least one order of magnitude larger than that of similar existing enantioselective approaches. It is particularly suited to probe the chiroptical response of individual particles, for which light-chiral matter interactions are typically weak.
Ultrasensitive circular dichroism spectroscopy based on coupled quasi-bound states in the continuum
Authors: Guan Tingting , Wang Zhenyu , Wang Ruize , Wu Zihan , Wang Chaowei , Wu Dong , Chu Jiaru , Chen Yang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy is essential for biochemistry, structural biology and pharmaceutical chemistry. While the chiroptical properties of chiral molecules are characterized by the Pasteur parameter κ, it is commonly conceived that the generation of CD is solely attributed to the imaginary part κ′′. However, since the imaginary part κ′′ is orders of magnitude smaller than the real part κ′ for most chiral molecules, the achievable sensitivity of CD spectroscopy is quite limited. Here, we report a recipe for realizing ultrasensitive CD spectroscopy based on the κ′ component of chiral molecules. Two quasi-bound states in the continuum are coupled by chiral molecules to form two hybridized branches, whose wavelengths and eigenpolarizations are very sensitive to the value of κ′. Giant CD signals over four orders of magnitude larger than the case without mode coupling are thus produced, paving the way towards chiral structure analysis at the single molecule level.
Second harmonic generation from bound-state in the continuum-hosted few-layers van der Waals metasurface
Authors: Muhammad Naseer , Begum Azra , Su Zhaoxian , Huang Lingling 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Monolayer transition metals dichalcogenides (TMDs) have been coupled to bound-state in the continuum (BIC) hosted dielectric structures to attain high second harmonic generation (SHG). However, the transvers electric modes are strongly localized in the waveguides result in fairly weak exciton-photon coupling in monolayer TMD placed on the surface. To achieve SHG in few-layers TMDs based BIC-inspired structure is a challenge. Here, we report BIC in few-layers TMDs metasurface with high quality factor (Q-factor), tunability, and modes-upholding in different environments. The metasurface sustains BIC at different thickness of the meta-atoms, which is highly desired for maintaining the accuracy in fabrications. Next, we calculate the SHG efficiency from few-layers TMD metasurface around BIC wavelengths. The high conversion efficiency in this work is 1.47 × 10−4 for 6 mW incident power. Moreover, our design is highly thin and can be used for various linear and non-linear applications in optics. This study will provide a new route to next generation post-silicon metasurfaces.
Improving Newborn Professional Billing at a Community Hospital
Authors: Markowsky Allison , Allard Bridget , Haslam Dalton 
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION
In community hospital medicine programs, newborns often represent a large patient population with diverse clinical needs. Capturing the care provided through professional billing provides the foundation for division revenue; however, provider knowledge on how to optimally bill is often lacking. Our group underused Hospital Care current procedural terminology (CPT) evaluation and management (E/M) codes for newborns requiring increased monitoring, diagnostic interventions, or therapy. Our aim was to increase use of Level 2 and 3 Hospital Care CPT E/M codes for newborns from 1% to 15%.

METHODS
The process improvement project was conducted from October 2022 through October 2023 in the mother–baby unit of a community hospital with approximately 1800 births per year. Key drivers for underuse of Hospital Care CPT E/M codes were identified, and interventions were developed that included educational sessions, real-time guidance, and improved access to the billing codes. All newborn initial and subsequent care professional billing codes were included. We used retrospective chart review to determine whether clinical care and documentation supported the use of the codes.

RESULTS
The proportion of Level 2 and 3 Hospital Care CPT E/M codes increased to 17%. This increase represented a 7% increase in work relative value units and an estimated increase in revenue of $37 805 per 10 000 billing encounters. Review of select charts demonstrated appropriate documentation to support use of the codes 72% of the time.

CONCLUSIONS
Providing education and tools on professional billing for newborns improved appropriate billing code use and optimized revenue at 1 community hospital.
Early and Long-Term Adverse Outcomes of In Utero Zika Exposure
Authors: Venancio Fabio Antonio , Quilião Maria Eulina , Gabeira Sanny Cerqueira de Oliveira , Carvalho Amanda Torrentes de , Leite Silvia Helena dos Santos , de Lima Sheila Maria Barbosa , Alves Nathalia dos Santos , Moura Luma da Cruz , Schwarcz Waleska Dias , Azevedo Adriana de Souza , Demarchi Luiz Henrique Ferraz , Zardin Marina Castilhos Souza Umaki , Lichs Gislene Garcia de Castro , Taira Deborah Ledesma , Fernandes Wagner de Souza , Alves Natália Oliveira , Arrua Aline Etelvina Casaril , Nascimento Ana Isabel do , Mareto Lisany Krug , Azevedo Micael Viana de , Maciel Camila Guadeluppe , Medeiros Márcio José de , Rodrigues Moreno Magalhães de Souza , Vasconcelos Zilton , Nielsen-Saines Karin , Cunha Rivaldo Venâncio da , Santos-Pinto Cláudia Du Bocage , Oliveira Everton Falcão de 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy can lead to congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) and may result in neurodevelopmental alterations in exposed children, with and without CZS. This study aimed to evaluate ZIKV infection during pregnancy as a risk factor for early and long-term adverse outcomes.

METHODS
This retrospective-prospective, matched cohort study was conducted in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Mother–infant pairs exposed and unexposed to ZIKV during pregnancy were enrolled in the study from 2018 to 2022. Clinical and epidemiological data from the gestational period and neonatal evaluations were obtained from the Brazilian health surveillance system. Children were assessed for early (congenital anomalies) and long-term adverse outcomes (neurodevelopmental delay). Incidence risk ratio (IRR) and crude odds ratio (OR) were used to assess associations.

RESULTS
The risk of adverse outcomes in exposed children was nearly 3-fold higher (IRR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.4–5.1) compared with the control group. The risk of motor (IRR, 3.4; 95% CI, 1.2–9.6) and cognitive delay (IRR, 4.7; 95% CI, 1.7–13.0) was significantly higher in exposed children. In 44% of pregnancies wherein maternal infection occurred in the first trimester, at least 1 adverse event was identified in the child, with 11.2-fold greater odds of adverse outcomes (OR, 11.2; 95% CI, 3.6–35.0) compared with children of mothers infected in the third trimester.

CONCLUSIONS
Children exposed to ZIKV in utero, even without CZS, demonstrate a greater risk for neurodevelopmental delay in early childhood, with the timing of maternal infection being a significant predictive risk factor.
Transformaciones urbanas y sostenibilidad territorial en la Pan-Amazonía
Authors: Urbano Territorial Revista Bitácora 
Published: January 2025

Este artículo presenta los debates sobre la transformación urbana y territorial en la Pan-Amazonía, desde su complejidad ecológica y los desafíos en una región de casi 7.5 millones de km². El análisis se organiza en cuatro partes. La primera inicia con las definiciones de la Pan-Amazonía como un bioma diverso, interconectado por redes urbanas y ecosistemas que soportan tensiones históricas y contemporáneas, desde la expansión colonial hasta los actuales proyectos de infraestructura extractiva. La segunda analiza patrones de crecimiento urbano y sus impactos en ciudades de ocupación reciente, caracterizadas por el centralismo estatal y la dependencia de circuitos de economías globales. La tercera reflexiona sobre la urbanización extendida, ecología y desafíos de sostenibilidad, evaluando los modelos de desarrollo y ordenamiento territorial. Finalmente, se presentan estudios de caso sobre gobernanza local y diseño participativo en ciudades amazónicas, mostrando cómo la integración de conocimientos locales, y herramientas colaborativas puede fortalecer la planificación y protección ambiental. A través de esta visión integral, se invita a reconsiderar los modelos de urbanización adaptados a la Amazonía, promoviendo una urbanización que respete tanto la biodiversidad como las identidades culturales de la región.
Role of phenytoin solution in the management of diabetic foot
Authors: Chittoria Ravi Kumar , Swetha M  , Kumar Rashmi V 
Published: January 2025

Chronic ulcers and non-healing wounds present a significant public health and economic burden, particularly in aging populations. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of topical phenytoin in enhancing wound healing, focusing on its effects on fibroblast proliferation, neovascularization, and overall wound repair.A case study was conducted in the Department of Plastic Surgery at a tertiary care center in South India involving a 69-year-old male patient with a non-healing diabetic foot ulcer complicated by Charcot's joint. Regenerative therapy utilized a 5 mg/ml diluted phenytoin solution for wound irrigation, followed by the application of a two-layered collagen scaffold, sterile dressing, and immobilization.Topical application of phenytoin demonstrated a marked improvement in wound healing. Observed outcomes included enhanced granulation tissue formation, reduced inflammation, and improved epithelialization.This study highlights the potential of phenytoin as an accessible, cost-effective, and safe therapeutic agent for chronic wound management. By promoting fibroblast proliferation, inhibiting collagenase activity, and enhancing neovascularization, phenytoin significantly improves wound healing. These findings support the integration of phenytoin in clinical practice for non-healing ulcers, with a recommendation for larger-scale studies to validate its broader applicability.
Kompleksitas Struktur Kalimat Bahasa Indonesia Siswa Sekolah Dasar Inklusi
Authors: Pancarrani Berlian , Mukhlas Moh. 
Published: January 2025

This study aims to describe the complexity of basic and transformation sentence structure. This research uses qualitative approach and cross sectional design. The data in the research are Indonesian sentences from students’ essay of inclusion school students. The data source for this research is essays that written by students of grade 4, 5, and 6 Immersion Elementary School Ponorogo. The results of this study shows (1) normal students and ABK (children with special need) have mastered the simplest sentence structure, namely S-P and made it more complex by adding elements after P, in the form of O, Pel, Ket, or a combination of the three, and (2) normal students of grade 4, 5, and 6 were able to compose single, embedded, density transformation sentences and ABK students composed only a small number of dense transformation sentences.
Analisis Rasch Model pada Instrumen Pre-Test Mahasiswa Program Studi Profesi Dokter Bagian Ilmu Kedokteran Forensik dan Medikolegal Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung
Authors: Sayusman Chevi 
Published: January 2025

Pre-Test mahasiswa Program Studi Profesi Dokter (PSPD) di bagian Ilmu Kedokteran Forensik dan Medikolegal (IKFM) merupakan instrumen test pada tahap awal pendidikan. Pre-Test tersebut dikembangkan oleh staf pengajar bagian IKFM sebagai instrumen untuk mengetahui kemampuan mahasiswa dan mengenalkan hal-hal yang perlu diketahui pada proses pendidikan. Rasch model digunakan untuk menganalisis Pre-Test tersebut. Penggunaan Rasch model ditujukan untuk menguji validitas dan reliabilitas instrument Pre-Test. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif. Pre-Test menggunakan pilihan berganda terediri dari 3 pilihan. Sampel hasil Pre-Test terdiri dari 291 sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukan Person measure = 0,37; Nilai Alpha Cronbach (mengukur reliabilitas) 0,74, menunjukan bagus; Person reliability 0.71, menunjukan cukup; Item reliability 0,99, menunjukan istimewa; Untuk person nilai INFIT MNSQ 0,99 dan OUTFIT MNSQ 1,06, menunjukan kualitas yang baik; Nilai separation person H= [(4x1,57) +1]/3 = 2,43, bermakna terdapat dua kelompok responden. Nilai separation item H= [(4xseparation) +1]/3=[(4x8.6) +1]/3= 11.8, bermakna terdapat 12 kelompok item. Berdasarkan Outfit MNSQ terdapat 1aitem yang misfit, yaitu n24. Instrumen Pre-test dapat disimpulkan baik dan dapat digunakan dengan modifikasi atau mengganti 1 aitem yang misfit.