bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clustering of CaV1.3 L‐type calcium channels by Shank3
Authors: Yang Qian , Perfitt Tyler L. , Quay Juliana , Hu Lan , Lawson‐Qureshi Dorian , Colbran Roger J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractClustering of L‐type voltage‐gated Ca2+ channels (LTCCs) in the plasma membrane is increasingly implicated in creating highly localized Ca2+ signaling nanodomains. For example, neuronal LTCC activation can increase phosphorylation of the nuclear CREB transcription factor by increasing Ca2+ concentrations within a nanodomain close to the channel, without requiring bulk Ca2+ increases in the cytosol or nucleus. However, the molecular basis for LTCC clustering is poorly understood. The postsynaptic scaffolding protein Shank3 specifically associates with one of the major neuronal LTCCs, the CaV1.3 calcium channel, and is required for optimal LTCC‐dependent excitation‐transcription coupling. Here, we co‐expressed CaV1.3 α1 subunits with two distinct epitope‐tags with or without Shank3 in HEK cells. Co‐immunoprecipitation studies using the cell lysates revealed that Shank3 can assemble complexes containing multiple CaV1.3 α1 subunits under basal conditions. Moreover, CaV1.3 LTCC complex formation was facilitated by CaVβ subunits (β3 and β2a), which also interact with Shank3. Shank3 interactions with CaV1.3 LTCCs and multimeric CaV1.3 LTCC complex assembly were disrupted following the addition of Ca2+ to cell lysates, perhaps simulating conditions within an activated CaV1.3 LTCC nanodomain. In intact HEK293T cells, co‐expression of Shank3 enhanced the intensity of membrane‐localized CaV1.3 LTCC clusters under basal conditions, but not after Ca2+ channel activation. Live cell imaging studies also revealed that Ca2+ influx through LTCCs disassociated Shank3 from CaV1.3 LTCCs clusters and reduced the CaV1.3 cluster intensity. Deletion of the Shank3 PDZ domain prevented both binding to CaV1.3 and the changes in multimeric CaV1.3 LTCC complex assembly in vitro and in HEK293 cells. Finally, we found that shRNA knock‐down of Shank3 expression in cultured rat primary hippocampal neurons reduced the intensity of surface‐localized CaV1.3 LTCC clusters in dendrites. Taken together, our findings reveal a novel molecular mechanism contributing to neuronal LTCC clustering under basal conditions.image
Stability of face recognition abilities after left or right anterior temporal lobectomy
Authors: Volfart Angélique , Rossion Bruno , Brissart Hélène , Busigny Thomas , Colnat‐Coulbois Sophie , Maillard Louis , Jonas Jacques 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPatients with anterior temporal lobe (ATL) resection due to mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) have difficulties at identifying familiar faces and explicitly remembering newly learned faces but their ability to individuate unfamiliar faces remains largely unknown. Moreover, the extent to which their difficulties with familiar face identity recognition and learning is truly due to the ATL resection remains unknown. Here, we report a study of 24 MTLE patients and matched healthy controls tested with an extensive set of seven face and visual object recognition tasks (including three tasks evaluating unfamiliar face individuation) before and about 6 months after unilateral (nine left, 15 right) ATL resection. We found that ATL resection has little or no effect on the patients' preserved pre‐surgical ability to perform unfamiliar face individuation, both at the group and individual levels. More surprisingly, ATL resection also has little effect on the patients' performance at recognizing and naming famous faces as well as at learning new faces. A substantial proportion of right MTLE patients (33%) even improved their response times on several tasks, which may indicate a functional release of visuo‐spatial processing after resection in the right ATL. Altogether this study shows that face recognition abilities are mainly unaffected by ATL resection in MTLE, either because the critical regions for face recognition are spared or because performance at some tasks is already lower than normal preoperatively. Overall, these findings urge caution when interpreting the causal effect of brain lesions on face recognition ability in patients with ATL resection due to MTLE. They also illustrate the complexity of predicting cognitive outcomes after epilepsy surgery because of the influence of many different intertwined factors.
Subunit‐specific expression and function of AMPA receptors in the mouse locus coeruleus
Authors: Kelly Louise , Brown Christopher , Gibbard Adina G. , Jackson Torquil , Swinny Jerome D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe locus coeruleus (LC) provides the principal supply of noradrenaline (NA) to the brain, thereby modulating an array of brain functions. The release of NA, and therefore its impact on the brain, is governed by LC neuronal excitability. Glutamatergic axons, from various brain regions, topographically innervate different LC sub‐domains and directly alter LC excitability. However, it is currently unclear whether glutamate receptor sub‐classes, such as α‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors, are divergently expressed throughout the LC. Immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy were used to identify and localise individual GluA subunits in the mouse LC. Whole‐cell patch clamp electrophysiology and subunit‐preferring ligands were used to assess their impact on LC spontaneous firing rate (FR). GluA1 immunoreactive clusters were associated with puncta immunoreactive for VGLUT2 on somata, and VGLUT1 on distal dendrites. GluA4 was associated with these synaptic markers only in the distal dendrites. No specific signal was detected for the GluA2‐3 subunits. The GluA1/2 receptor agonist (S)‐CPW 399 increased LC FR, whilst the GluA1/3 receptor antagonist philanthotoxin‐74 decreased it. 4‐[2‐(phenylsulfonylamino)ethylthio]‐2,6‐difluoro‐phenoxyacetamide (PEPA), a positive allosteric modulator of GluA3/4 receptors, had no significant effect on spontaneous FR. The data suggest distinct AMPA receptor subunits are targeted to different LC afferent inputs and have contrasting effects on spontaneous neuronal excitability. This precise expression profile could be a mechanism for LC neurons to integrate diverse information contained in various glutamate afferents.
Tackling exigent grand challenges through corporate social innovation: Evidence from the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Fu Xiaolan , Fu Xiaoqing (Maggie) , Ghauri Pervez N. , Khan Hina 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWhile the body of research on grand challenges (GCs) has grown, our understanding of the role of corporate social innovation (CSI) in tackling exigent GCs, such as the COVID‐19 pandemic, is limited. Based on in‐depth analyses of four cases of CSI in the services sector during the COVID‐19 pandemic, this paper contributes to the GC literature by developing a 3Es framework of the CSI process (i.e., embeddedness, engagement, and enhancement) to illustrate the mechanisms through which exigent GCs can be effectively addressed by firms in the services sector. First, CSI embeddedness in intersectoral partnerships with international organizations based on deep‐rooted trust and collective commitment is found to be a fundamental mechanism for efficiently addressing the COVID‐19 crisis. Second, CSI engagement through the transformation of existing technology and/or the adaption of existing products/services is found to be an important mechanism for meeting pandemic‐induced social needs. Specifically, it is found that leading‐edge technologies such as digital platforms can be rapidly repurposed to enable loosely coupled systems that evolve as a new channel to bring together various stakeholders and thus address this urgent GC. Finally, CSI enhancement supported by managerial agility and participatory governance structure plays a crucial role in enabling CSI to function effectively in the context of exigent GCs.
Interplay between zinc and cell proliferation and implications for the growth of livestock
Authors: Zhang Xiangli , Hou Yuhuang , Huang Yanqun , Chen Wen , Zhang Huaiyong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractZinc (Zn) plays a critical role in the growth of livestock, which depends on cell proliferation. In addition to modifying the growth associated with its effects on food intake, mitogenic hormones, signal transduction and gene transcription, Zn also regulates body weight gain through mediating cell proliferation. Zn deficiency in animals leads to growth inhibition, along with an arrest of cell cycle progression at G0/G1 and S phase due to depression in the expression of cyclin D/E and DNA synthesis. Therefore, in the present study, the interplay between Zn and cell proliferation and implications for the growth of livestock were reviewed, in which Zn regulates cell proliferation in several ways, especially cell cycle progression at the G0/G1 phase DNA synthesis and mitosis. During the cell cycle, the Zn transporters and major Zn binding proteins such as metallothioneins are altered with the requirements of cellular Zn level and nuclear translocation of Zn. In addition, calcium signaling, MAPK pathway and PI3K/Akt cascades are also involved in the process of Zn‐interfering cell proliferation. The evidence collected over the last decade highlights the necessity of Zn for normal cell proliferation, which suggests Zn supplementation should be considered for the growth and health of poultry.
A rent‐limiting design of professional self‐regulation
Authors: Szczygielski Krzysztof 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe consider a government that purchases a public good or a private good for public consumption from a heterogenous group of professionals (such as scientists, doctors, or lawyers) in an environment characterized by an extremely high level of information asymmetry. Specifically, we assume that the government needs information from a self‐regulatory organization (SRO) of agents (such as a research council, a medical board, or a bar association) to draft the contract. We show that the government information disadvantage is minimized when the SRO is dictatorial, that is, when it follows the preferences of the efficient agents.
Extended‐volume image‐derived models of coronary microcirculation
Authors: Vigneshwaran Vibujithan , Sy Christine Lauren , Smaill Bruce H. , Sands Gregory B. , Smith Nicolas P. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveRecent advances in tissue clearing and high‐throughput imaging have enabled the acquisition of extended‐volume microvasculature images at a submicron resolution. The objective of this study was to extract information from this type of images by integrating a sequence of 3D image processing steps on Terabyte scale datasets.MethodsWe acquired coronary microvasculature images throughout an entire short‐axis slice of a 3‐month‐old Wistar–Kyoto rat heart. This dataset covered 13 × 10 × 0.6 mm at a resolution of 0.933 × 0.933 × 1.866 μm and occupied 700 Gigabytes of disk space. We used chunk‐based image segmentation, combined with an efficient graph generation technique, to quantify the microvasculature in the large‐scale images. Specifically, we focused on the microvasculature with a vessel diameter up to 15 μm.ResultsMorphological data for the complete short‐axis ring were extracted within 16 h using this pipeline. From the analyses, we identified that microvessel lengths in the rat coronary microvasculature varied from 6 to 300 μm. However, their distribution was heavily skewed toward shorter lengths, with a mode of 16.5 μm. In contrast, vessel diameters ranged from 3 to 15 μm and had an approximately normal distribution of 6.5 ± 2 μm.ConclusionThe tools and techniques from this study will serve other investigations into the microcirculation, and the wealth of data from this study will enable the analysis of biophysical mechanisms using computer models.
The PTI‐suppressing Avr2 effector from Fusarium oxysporum suppresses mono‐ubiquitination and plasma membrane dissociation of BIK1
Authors: Blekemolen Mila C. , Liu Zunyong , Stegman Martin , Zipfel Cyril , Shan Libo , Takken Frank L. W. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPlant pathogens use effector proteins to target host processes involved in pathogen perception, immune signalling, or defence outputs. Unlike foliar pathogens, it is poorly understood how root‐invading pathogens suppress immunity. The Avr2 effector from the tomato root‐ and xylem‐colonizing pathogen Fusarium oxysporum suppresses immune signalling induced by various pathogen‐associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). It is unknown how Avr2 targets the immune system. Transgenic AVR2 Arabidopsis thaliana phenocopies mutants in which the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) co‐receptor BRI1‐ASSOCIATED RECEPTOR KINASE (BAK1) or its downstream signalling kinase BOTRYTIS‐INDUCED KINASE 1 (BIK1) are knocked out. We therefore tested whether these kinases are Avr2 targets. Flg22‐induced complex formation of the PRR FLAGELLIN SENSITIVE 2 and BAK1 occurred in the presence and absence of Avr2, indicating that Avr2 does not affect BAK1 function or PRR complex formation. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays showed that Avr2 and BIK1 co‐localize in planta. Although Avr2 did not affect flg22‐induced BIK1 phosphorylation, mono‐ubiquitination was compromised. Furthermore, Avr2 affected BIK1 abundance and shifted its localization from nucleocytoplasmic to the cell periphery/plasma membrane. Together, these data imply that Avr2 may retain BIK1 at the plasma membrane, thereby suppressing its ability to activate immune signalling. Because mono‐ubiquitination of BIK1 is required for its internalization, interference with this process by Avr2 could provide a mechanistic explanation for the compromised BIK1 mobility upon flg22 treatment. The identification of BIK1 as an effector target of a root‐invading vascular pathogen identifies this kinase as a conserved signalling component for both root and shoot immunity.
Telomerase RNA gene paralogs in plants – the usual pathway to unusual telomeres
Authors: Závodník Michal , Fajkus Petr , Franek Michal , Kopecký David , Garcia Sònia , Dodsworth Steven , Orejuela Andrés , Kilar Agata , Ptáček Jiří , Mátl Martin , Hýsková Anna , Fajkus Jiří , Peška Vratislav 
Published: July 2023

Summary
Telomerase, telomeric DNA and associated proteins together represent a complex, finely tuned and functionally conserved mechanism that ensures genome integrity by protecting and maintaining chromosome ends. Changes in its components can threaten an organism's viability. Nevertheless, molecular innovation in telomere maintenance has occurred multiple times during eukaryote evolution, giving rise to species/taxa with unusual telomeric DNA sequences, telomerase components or telomerase‐independent telomere maintenance. The central component of telomere maintenance machinery is telomerase RNA (TR) as it templates telomere DNA synthesis, its mutation can change telomere DNA and disrupt its recognition by telomere proteins, thereby leading to collapse of their end‐protective and telomerase recruitment functions.
Using a combination of bioinformatic and experimental approaches, we examine a plausible scenario of evolutionary changes in TR underlying telomere transitions.
We identified plants harbouring multiple TR paralogs whose template regions could support the synthesis of diverse telomeres. In our hypothesis, formation of unusual telomeres is associated with the occurrence of TR paralogs that can accumulate mutations, and through their functional redundancy, allow for the adaptive evolution of the other telomere components.
Experimental analyses of telomeres in the examined plants demonstrate evolutionary telomere transitions corresponding to TR paralogs with diverse template regions.
Effects of sleep disturbance on trauma‐focused psychotherapy outcomes in posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review
Authors: Bottari Sarah A. , Trifilio Erin R. , Janicke David M. , Porges Eric C. , Cohen Ronald A. , Jaffee Michael S. , Williamson John B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to synthesize existing research on the effects of sleep disturbances on trauma‐focused psychotherapy outcomes in adults with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A systematic review using PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, Web of Science, and PTSDpubs was performed up to April 2021. Two independent reviewers screened articles for inclusion, performed data extraction, and assessed risk of bias and certainty of the evidence. Narrative synthesis was conducted based on the type of sleep disorder symptom assessed. Sixteen primary studies were included in this review, the majority of which had a high overall risk of bias. Results suggested that sleep disorder symptoms were associated with higher overall PTSD severity across treatment; however, they did not interfere with treatment effectiveness, with the exception of sleep‐disordered breathing. Improvements in insomnia, sleep duration, and sleep quality during treatment were associated with greater treatment gains. Certainty of the evidence ranged from low to very low. These results suggest that it may not be necessary to address sleep disorder symptoms prior to initiating trauma‐focused psychotherapy. Instead, concurrent treatment of sleep‐ and trauma‐related symptoms may be most beneficial. Continued research is needed to clarify the mechanistic relationship between sleep and treatment outcomes and to guide clinical decision‐making.
Detecting dental caries on oral photographs using artificial intelligence: A systematic review
Authors: Moharrami Mohammad , Farmer Julie , Singhal Sonica , Watson Erin , Glogauer Michael , Johnson Alistair E W , Schwendicke Falk , Quinonez Carlos 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis systematic review aimed at evaluating the performance of artificial intelligence (AI) models in detecting dental caries on oral photographs.MethodsMethodological characteristics and performance metrics of clinical studies reporting on deep learning and other machine learning algorithms were assessed. The risk of bias was evaluated using the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies 2 (QUADAS‐2) tool. A systematic search was conducted in EMBASE, Medline, and Scopus.ResultsOut of 3410 identified records, 19 studies were included with six and seven studies having low risk of biases and applicability concerns for all the domains, respectively. Metrics varied widely and were assessed on multiple levels. F1‐scores for classification and detection tasks were 68.3%–94.3% and 42.8%–95.4%, respectively. Irrespective of the task, F1‐scores were 68.3%–95.4% for professional cameras, 78.8%–87.6%, for intraoral cameras, and 42.8%–80% for smartphone cameras. Limited studies allowed assessing AI performance for lesions of different severity.ConclusionAutomatic detection of dental caries using AI may provide objective verification of clinicians' diagnoses and facilitate patient‐clinician communication and teledentistry. Future studies should consider more robust study designs, employ comparable and standardized metrics, and focus on the severity of caries lesions.
Early swallowing training after free flap surgery in oral cancer: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wu Hong‐Yun , Shan Xiao‐Feng , Cai Zhi‐Gang , Zhang Jing , Li Pei‐Jun , Zhang Lei , Yang Yue 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the effect of early swallowing training on postoperative outcomes of patients who had undergone oral cancer surgery plus free flap reconstruction.Subjects and MethodsIn this prospective, randomized controlled trial, 121 patients who had undergone oral cancer surgery plus free flap reconstruction were randomly assigned to the control (n = 59) or intervention group (n = 62). The control group underwent routine nursing measures. The intervention group received swallowing training on the sixth postoperative day. On the 15th day and 1 month after surgery, the swallowing function (Mann Assessment of Swallowing Ability‐Oral Cancer [MASA‐OC] score), weight loss rate, time of nasogastric tube removal, and quality of life were evaluated.ResultsPatients in the intervention group had higher MASA‐OC scores and better weight loss rates than those in the control group on the 15th day (MASA‐OC: p = 0.014, weight loss: p < 0.001) and 1 month (both p < 0.001) after surgery. The time of nasogastric tube removal and the quality of life was statistically significant between groups (p < 0.001).ConclusionEarly swallowing training improves the swallowing function, nutritional status, and quality of life and shortens the indwelling time of nasogastric tube of patients who have undergone oral cancer surgery plus free flap reconstruction.
Prevalence of oral infections in chronic kidney disease patients: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Palmeira Eduarda , de Liz Pérez‐Losada Flor , Díaz‐Flores‐García Víctor , Segura‐Sampedro Juan J. , Segura‐Egea Juan J. , López‐López José 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this investigation was to analyze the prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) and periodontal disease (periodontitis) (PD) in Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients in relation to their treatment phase.Subjects and MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, 188 patients with CKD were divided into two groups: patients without dialysis (WD group, n = 53) and patients on dialysis (DP group, n = 135). Panoramic radiographs were used to diagnose AP. The presence of periodontal disease was evaluated radiographically assessing alveolar bone loss. Student's t‐test, chi‐squared test, and logistic regression analysis were used to determine the significance of differences between groups.ResultsIn the WD group, 55% of patients had at least one tooth with AP, whereas in the DP group 67% had at least one tooth with AP (OR = 2.11; 95% CI = 1.09–4.08; p < 0.05). PD was more prevalent in the DP group (78%) than in the WD group (36%) (OR = 6.26; CI 95% = 3.13–12.52; p < 0.01).ConclusionsOral infections are more prevalent in the advanced stages of CKD. The treatment of PD and AP should be incorporated in the treatment planning of patients with CKD.
Humoral immune disorders affect clinical outcomes of oral lichen planus
Authors: Qing Maofeng , Yang Dan , Shang Qianhui , Li Weiqi , Zhou Yu , Xu Hao , Chen Qianming 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe molecular characteristics of oral lichen planus (OLP) are still unclear, and it is not possible to distinguish the clinical outcome of OLP patients in a short period of time for follow‐up. Here, we investigate the molecular characteristics of lesions in patients with stable lichen planus (SOLP) and recalcitrant erosive oral lichen planus (REOLP).MethodsOur clinical follow‐up cohort was split into SOLP and REOLP groups based on the follow‐up clinical data. The core modules associated with the clinical information were identified by weighted gene co‐expression network analysis (WGCNA). The OLP cohort samples were divided into two groups by molecular typing, and a prediction model for OLP was created by training neural networks with the neuralnet package.ResultsWe screened 546 genes in five modules. After doing a molecular type of OLP, it was determined that B cells might have a significant impact on the clinical outcome of OLP. In addition, by means of machine learning, a prediction model was developed to predict the clinical regression of OLP with greater accuracy than the existing clinical diagnostic.ConclusionsOur study revealed humoral immune disorders may make an important contribution to the clinical outcome of OLP.