bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment burden and cost-effectiveness analysis of the neoadjuvant CROSS regimen in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Gao Xing , Yang Zhi-Hao , Cheng Yi-Hsuan , Chi Chun-Ling , Yang Tzu-Yi , Chuang Kai-Hao , Wu Chiao-En , van Lanschot Joseph Jan-Baptist , Wen Yu-Wen , Chao Yin-Kai 
Published: May 2023

Summary
High-quality evidence indicated that both neoadjuvant carboplatin/paclitaxel (CROSS) and cisplatin/5-fluorouracil (PF) regimens in combination with radiotherapy improve survival outcomes compared to surgery alone in patients with esophageal cancer. It is not yet known whether they may differ in terms of treatment burden and healthcare costs. A total of 232 Taiwanese patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who had undergone neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) with either the CROSS (n = 153) or the PF (n = 79) regimens were included. Hospital encounters and adverse events were assessed for determining treatment burden. Cost-effectiveness analysis was undertaken using the total costs incurred over 3 years in relation to overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Compared with PF, the CROSS regimen was associated with a lower treatment burden: shorter inpatient days on average (4.65 ± 10.05 vs. 15.14 ± 17.63 days; P &lt; 0.001) and fewer admission requirements (70% of the patients were never admitted vs. 20% in the PF group; P &lt; 0.001). Patients in the CROSS group experienced significantly less nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. While the benefits observed in the CROSS group were associated with additional nCRT-related expenditures (1388 United States dollars [USD] of added cost per patient), this regimen remained cost-effective. At a willingness-to-pay threshold of 50,000 USD per life-year, the probability of the CROSS regimen to be more cost-effective than PF was 94.1% for PFS but decreased to 68.9% for OS. The use of the CROSS regimen for nCRT in patients with ESCC was associated with a lower treatment burden and was more cost-effective than PF.
Humans can detect axillary odor cues of an acute respiratory infection in others
Authors: Tognetti Arnaud , Williams Megan N , Lybert Nathalie , Lekander Mats , Axelsson John , Olsson Mats J 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background and objectives
Body odor conveys information about health status to conspecifics and influences approach-avoidance behaviors in animals. Experiments that induce sickness in otherwise healthy individuals suggest that humans too can detect sensory cues to infection in others. Here, we investigated whether individuals could detect through smell a naturally occurring acute respiratory infection in others and whether sickness severity, measured via body temperature and sickness symptoms, was associated with the accuracy of detection.

Methodology
Body odor samples were collected from 20 donors, once while healthy and once while sick with an acute respiratory infection. Using a double-blind, two-alternative forced-choice method, 80 raters were instructed to identify the sick body odor from paired sick and healthy samples (i.e. 20 pairs).

Results
Sickness detection was significantly above chance, although the magnitude of the effect was low (56.7%). Raters’ sex and disgust sensitivity were not associated with the accuracy of sickness detection. However, we find some indication that greater change in donor body temperature, but not sickness symptoms, between sick and healthy conditions improved sickness detection accuracy.

Conclusion and implications
Our findings suggest that humans can detect individuals with an acute respiratory infection through smell, albeit only slightly better than chance. Humans, similar to other animals, are likely able to use sickness odor cues to guide adaptive behaviors that decrease the risk of contagion, such as social avoidance. Further studies should determine how well humans can detect specific infections through body odor, such as Covid-19, and how multisensory cues to infection are used simultaneously.
Impact of healthy lifestyles on risk of hypertension in the Chinese population: finding from SHUN-CVD study
Authors: Zhen Juanying , Liu Shuyun , Zhao Guoru , Peng Hao , Xu Aimin , Li Chao , Wu Jun , Cheung Bernard Man Yung 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Lifestyle factors are known to play a role in the development of hypertension. We aimed to study the relationship between lifestyle and hypertension in a Chinese population.

Methods
This study involved 3,329 participants (1,463 men and 1,866 women) aged 18–96 years in the Shenzhen-Hong Kong United Network on Cardiovascular Disease. A healthy lifestyle score was derived from 5 factors: no smoking, no alcohol consumption, active physical activity, normal body mass index, and a healthy diet. Multiple logistic regression was used to investigate the relationship between lifestyle score and hypertension. The influence of each lifestyle component on hypertension was also assessed.

Results
In the overall population, 950 (28.5%) participants had hypertension. The risk of hypertension decreased with increasing healthy lifestyle scores. Compared with participants with the lowest score (score: 0), the multivariable odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals for participants with scores 3, 4, and 5 were 0.65 (0.41–1.01), 0.62 (0.40–0.97), and 0.37 (0.22–0.61), respectively (P for trend &lt;0.001). After adjusting for age, sex, and diabetes, the score was associated with hypertension risk (P for trend = 0.005). Compared with a lifestyle score of 0, the adjusted OR for hypertension for participants with a score of 5 was 0.46 (0.26–0.80).

Conclusions
The risk of hypertension is inversely related to the healthy lifestyle score. This reinforces the need to address lifestyle to reduce the risk of hypertension.
A Stress Protein–Based Suicide Prediction Score and Relationship to Reported Early-Life Adversity and Recent Life Stress
Authors: Underwood Mark D , Galfalvy Hanga , Hsiung Shu-chi , Liu Yan , Simpson Norman R , Bakalian Mihran J , Rosoklija Gorazd B , Dwork Andrew J , Arango Victoria , Mann J John 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is a major stress response system, and excessive HPA responses can impact major depressive disorder and suicide. We examined relationships between reported early-life adversity (ELA), recent-life stress (RLS), suicide, and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), CRH binding protein, FK506-binding protein (FKBP5), glucocorticoid receptor (GR), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in postmortem human prefrontal cortex (BA9), and anterior cingulate cortex (BA24).

Methods
Thirteen quadruplets, matched for sex, age, and postmortem interval and consisting of suicide decedents and healthy controls, were divided equally into those with and without ELA. ELA, RLS, and psychiatric diagnoses were determined by psychological autopsy. Protein levels were determined by western blots.

Results
There were no suicide- or ELA-related differences in CRH, CRH binding protein, GR, or FKBP5 in BA9 or BA24 and no interaction between suicide and ELA (P &gt; .05). For BDNF, there was an interaction between suicide and ELA in BA24; suicides without ELA had less BDNF than controls without ELA, and controls with ELA had less BDNF than controls without ELA. CRH in BA9 and FKBP5 in anterior cingulate cortex correlated negatively with RLS. Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator logistic regression with cross-validation found combining BDNF, GR, and FKBP5 BA24 levels predicted suicide, but ELA did not contribute. A calculated “suicide risk score” using these measures had 71% sensitivity and 71% specificity.

Conclusion
A dysregulated HPA axis is related to suicide but not with ELA. RLS was related to select HPA axis proteins in specific brain regions. BDNF appears to be dysregulated in a region-specific way with ELA and suicide.
A Novel, Highly Sensitive Nucleic Acid Amplification Test Assay for the Diagnosis of Loiasis and its Use for Detection of Circulating Cell-Free DNA
Authors: Bennuru Sasisekhar , Kodua Frimpong , Drame Papa Makhtar , Dahlstrom Eric , Nutman Thomas B 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Mass drug administration programs targeting filarial infections depend on diagnostic tools that are sensitive and specific. The coendemicity of Loa loa with other filarial species often hampers the control programs. LL2634 was identified as the most promising target among several highly repeated targets, with sensitivity between 500 ag and 1 fg of genomic DNA. Using DNA from infected individuals, LL2643 quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was positive in all individuals. LL2643 was detected in plasma-derived circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA) from 48 of 53 microfilariae-positive patients. Detection of ccfDNA in urine was possible, but it occurred rarely among those tested. Importantly, LL2643 ccfDNA became undetectable within 1 month following diethylcarbamazine (DEC) treatment and remained negative for at least a year. LL2643 offers a more sensitive and specific target for detection of L. loa infection and would be easily configurable to a point-of-contact assay.
Clinical Trials Registration. NCT00001230 and NCT00090662.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on emergency care of acute myocardial infarction: findings from the Taiwan Clinical Performance Indicator
Authors: Hsu Chia-Ling , Hung Sheng-Hui , Munkhtogoo Dulmaa , Wang Pa-Chun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) treatment requires timely diagnosis and treatment for optimal health outcomes. The Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic has caused changes in health-care delivery and utilization; therefore, the present study explored the changes in emergency care quality indicators for patients with AMI before and during different periods of government response to the COVID-19 outbreak in Taiwan. The Taiwan Clinical Performance Indicators database was used to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on acute care quality indicators for patients with AMI during four periods: before the COVID-19 outbreak (Period I–1 January to 31 December 2019) and during three periods in which the central government imposed different levels of epidemic prevention and response alerts (Period II–1 January 2020 to 30 April 2021; Period III–1 May to 31 July 2021; and Period IV–1 August to 31 December 2021). A 15.9% decrease in monthly emergency department admission for patients with AMI occurred during Period III. The hospital ‘door-to-electrocardiogram time being &lt;10 min’ indicator attainment was significantly lower during Periods III and IV. The attainment of ‘dual antiplatelet therapy received within 6 hr of emergency department arrival’ indicator improved in Period IV, whereas ‘the primary percutaneous coronary intervention being received within 90 min of hospital arrival’ indicator significantly decreased during Periods III and IV. The indicator ‘in-hospital mortality’ was unchanged within the study duration. Overall, the quality of care for patients with AMI was mildly influenced during the assessed pandemic periods, especially in terms of door-to-electrocardiogram time of &lt;10 min and primary percutaneous coronary intervention received within 90 min of hospital arrival (Period III). Using our study results, hospitals can develop strategies regarding care delivery for patients with AMI during a COVID-19 outbreak on the basis of central government alert levels, even during the height of the pandemic.
Recruitment Policies, Job-Filling Rates, and Matching Efficiency
Authors: Carrillo-Tudela Carlos , Gartner Hermann , Kaas Leo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Recruitment intensity is important for the matching process in the labor market. Using unique linked survey–administrative data, we investigate the relationships between hiring and recruitment policies at the establishment level. Faster hiring goes along with higher search effort, lower hiring standards, and more generous wages. We develop a directed search model that links these patterns to the employment adjustments of heterogeneous firms. The model provides a novel structural decomposition of the matching function that we use to evaluate the relative importance of these recruitment policies at the aggregate level. The calibrated model shows that hiring standards play an important role in explaining differences in matching efficiency across labor markets defined as region/skill cross-products and for the impact of labor market policy, whereas search effort and wage policies play only a minor role.
The prognostic impact of limited-staging surgery in patients with stage IA epithelial ovarian cancer: a multi-center study with a propensity score-adjusted analysis
Authors: Miyamoto Emiri , Suzuki Hironori , Yoshihara Masato , Mogi Kazumasa , Iyoshi Shohei , Uno Kaname , Fujimoto Hiroki , Kitami Kazuhisa , Tano Sho , Emoto Ryo , Matsui Shigeyuki , Kajiyama Hiroaki 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objective
Complete-staging surgery is recommended for stage IA ovarian cancer, but may be omitted for various reasons, including the preservation of fertility and an advanced age. We herein investigated the prognostic impact of limited-staging surgery in patients with stage IA epithelial ovarian cancer.

Methods
We retrospectively collected data on 4730 patients with malignant ovarian tumors from the databases of multiple institutions and ultimately included 293 with stage IA epithelial ovarian cancer. Limited-staging surgery was defined as one that did not involve hysterectomy, systematic retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy or the collection of ascites cytology. We used an inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis with propensity scores and estimated the hazard ratios of recurrence and death with limited-staging surgery.

Results
In total, 176 out of 293 patients (39.9%) were assigned to the limited-staging surgery group. After propensity score adjustments, no significant differences were observed in recurrence-free survival or overall survival between the limited- and complete-staging surgery groups. Even in the subgroup analysis with age stratification, recurrence-free survival and overall survival were similar in the limited- and complete-staging surgery groups.

Conclusions
The present results indicate the limited prognostic impact of limited-staging surgery for stage IA epithelial ovarian cancer.
Niche conservatism versus niche differentiation in sympatric chipmunks in the northern Sierra Nevada
Authors: Kelt Douglas A , Coppeto Stephanie A , Van Vuren Dirk H , Sullivan Jack , Wilson James A , Reid Noah 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Closely related species are predicted to have similar fundamental niches, and therefore to compete locally and possibly be constrained to occur allopatrically. Over time, niche differentiation should lead to divergent use of niche axes, such as food or habitat. Most studies of niche divergence or of niche conservatism have focused on multiple species at large spatial scales. We studied two species of closely related chipmunks at two spatial scales in the northern Sierra Nevada. The Long-eared Chipmunk (Tamias quadrimaculatus) and the Shadow Chipmunk (T. senex) are subcryptic species that exhibit extensive geographic overlap in the northern and central Sierra Nevada. Habitat use at the macrohabitat scale was similar, with both species reaching their highest mean abundance in Red Fir (Abies magnifica) forests, but exhibiting divergent secondary affinities. Additionally, macrohabitat associations of T. senex appear to differ from those reported 50 years ago within the same forest, suggesting flexibility in the face of structural habitat changes resulting from forest management actions, climate change, or other factors. At a finer spatial scale, habitat affinities of these chipmunks differed modestly, suggesting that local distribution emphasizes slightly different microhabitat characteristics. We conclude that these species exhibit niche conservatism overall, but whether microhabitat differences reflect competition or niche divergence requires further study. Because T. quadrimaculatus has the smallest geographic range of any Sierra Nevada sciurid, it may be at risk of local extirpation or substantial range restriction in the face of climate change, large-scale high-severity wildfires, and other stochastic threats; the present research sheds light on the ecology of these species, but has important relevance for regional resource managers as well.
Prediction of breast cancer risk for sisters of women attending screening
Authors: Mao Xinhe , He Wei , Eriksson Mikael , Lindström Linda S , Holowko Natalie , Bajalica-Lagercrantz Svetlana , Hammarström Mattias , Grassmann Felix , Humphreys Keith , Easton Douglas , Hall Per , Czene Kamila 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Risk assessment is important for breast cancer prevention and early detection. We aimed to examine whether common risk factors, mammographic features, and breast cancer risk prediction scores of a woman were associated with breast cancer risk for her sisters.

Methods
We included 53 051 women from the Karolinska Mammography Project for Risk Prediction of Breast Cancer (KARMA) study. Established risk factors were derived using self-reported questionnaires, mammograms, and single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping. Using the Swedish Multi-Generation Register, we identified 32 198 sisters of the KARMA women (including 5352 KARMA participants and 26 846 nonparticipants). Cox models were used to estimate the hazard ratios of breast cancer for both women and their sisters, respectively.

Results
A higher breast cancer polygenic risk score, a history of benign breast disease, and higher breast density in women were associated with an increased risk of breast cancer for both women and their sisters. No statistically significant association was observed between breast microcalcifications and masses in women and breast cancer risk for their sisters. Furthermore, higher breast cancer risk scores in women were associated with an increased risk of breast cancer for their sisters. Specifically, the hazard ratios for breast cancer per 1 standard deviation increase in age-adjusted KARMA, Breast and Ovarian Analysis of Disease Incidence and Carrier Estimation Algorithm (BOADICEA), and Tyrer-Cuzick risk scores were 1.16 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.07 to 1.27), 1.23 (95% CI = 1.12 to 1.35), and 1.21 (95% CI = 1.11 to 1.32), respectively.

Conclusion
A woman’s breast cancer risk factors are associated with her sister’s breast cancer risk. However, the clinical utility of these findings requires further investigation.
The learnability and emergence of dependency structures in an artificial language
Authors: Davis Emily , Smith Kenny 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn a pair of artificial language experiments, we investigated the learnability and emergence of different dependency structures: branching, center-embedding, and crossed. In natural languages, branching is the most common dependency structure; center-embedding occurs but is often disfavored, and crossed dependencies are very rare. Experiment 1 addressed learnability, testing comprehension, and production on small artificial languages exemplifying each dependency type in noun phrases. As expected, branching dependency grammars were the easiest to learn, but crossed grammars were not different from center-embedding. Experiment 2 employed iterated learning to examine the emergence and stabilization of consistent grammar using the same type of stimuli as Experiment 1. The initial participant in each chain of transmission was trained on phrases generated by a random grammar, with the language produced by that participant passed to the next participant through an iterated learning process. Branching dependency grammar appeared in most chains within a few generations and remained stable once it appeared, although one chain stabilized on output consistent with a crossed grammar; no chains converged on center-embedding grammars. These findings, along with some previous results, call into question the assumption that crossed dependencies are more cognitively complex than center-embedding, while confirming the role of learnability in the typology of dependency structures.
Improved prime editing allows for routine predictable gene editing in Physcomitrium patens
Authors: Perroud Pierre-François , Guyon-Debast Anouchka , Casacuberta Josep M , Paul Wyatt , Pichon Jean-Philippe , Comeau David , Nogué Fabien 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Efficient and precise gene editing is the gold standard of any reverse genetic study. The recently developed prime editing approach, a modified CRISPR/Cas9 [clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein] editing method, has reached the precision goal but its editing rate can be improved. We present an improved methodology that allows for routine prime editing in the model plant Physcomitrium patens, whilst exploring potential new prime editing improvements. Using a standardized protoplast transfection procedure, multiple prime editing guide RNA (pegRNA) structural and prime editor variants were evaluated targeting the APT reporter gene through direct plant selection. Together, enhancements of expression of the prime editor, modifications of the 3ʹ extension of the pegRNA, and the addition of synonymous mutation in the reverse transcriptase template sequence of the pegRNA dramatically improve the editing rate without affecting the quality of the edits. Furthermore, we show that prime editing is amenable to edit a gene of interest through indirect selection, as demonstrated by the generation of a Ppdek10 mutant. Additionally, we determine that a plant retrotransposon reverse transcriptase enables prime editing. Finally, we show for the first time the possibility of performing prime editing with two independently coded peptides.
Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): The group H i mass as a function of halo mass
Authors: Dev Ajay , Driver Simon P , Meyer Martin , Roychowdhury Sambit , Rhee Jonghwan , Stevens Adam R H , Lagos Claudia del P , Bland-Hawthorn Joss , Catinella Barbara , Hopkins A M , Loveday Jonathan , Obreschkow Danail , Phillipps Steven , Robotham Aaron S G 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
We determine the atomic hydrogen (H i) to halo mass relation (HIHM) using Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA survey H i data at the location of optically selected groups from the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) survey. We make direct H i detections for 37 GAMA groups. Using H i group spectral stacking of 345 groups, we study the group H i content as a function of halo mass across a halo mass range of 1011–1014.7 M⊙. We also correct our results for Eddington bias. We find that the group H i mass generally rises as a function of halo mass from 1.3% of the halo mass at $10^{11.6} \, \text{M}_\odot$ to 0.4% at $10^{13.7} \, \text{M}_\odot$ with some indication of flattening towards the high-mass end. Despite the differences in optical survey limits, group catalogues, and halo mass estimation methods, our results are consistent with previous group H i-stacking studies. Our results are also consistent with mock observations from shark and IllustrisTNG.