bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the cytotoxicity of nickel chloride and nickel nitrate on HEK293T cell line
Authors: Brrow Feras , Soukkarieh Chadi , Salman Alaa , Barguil Sophie 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Nickel and its compounds are widely used in industrial and manufacturing processes. NiCl2 and Ni(NO2)2 are two common soluble salts of nickel, and both are toxic to living organisms. In this study, we examined and compared the cytotoxic effects of NiCl2 and Ni(NO2)2 on the HEK293T cell line by evaluating cell viability and determining the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for each compound. The results of our study indicate that both NiCl2 and Ni(NO2)2 are cytotoxic to the HEK293T cell line in a dose-dependent manner, and the (IC50 = 60.484 μg/ml) for nickel chloride and (IC50 =55.652 μg/ml) for nickel nitrate. Nickel nitrate was slightly more toxic than nickel chloride. Increased cytotoxicity of Ni(NO2)2 and NiCl2 should be considered in the assessment of the toxicity of nickel compounds on other cell lines in future studies.
Prevalence of the human papillomavirus (HPV) types among cervical dysplasia women in Sweden
Authors: García Fabricio Romero , Norenhag Johanna , Edfeldt Gabriella , Cheng Liqin , Hugerth Luisa Warchavchik , Pennhag Alexandra A. L. , Schuppe-Koistinen Ina , Engstrand Lars , Olovsson Matts , Du Juan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main cause of cervical cancer. HPV-vaccines have led to a significant decrease in HPV-infections and related cancer cases. The estimation of the current HPV-prevalence and distribution of different HPV-types among women with cervical dysplasia in the post-vaccination era is of great importance for the future vaccination strategy.Methods By using a multiplexed bead-based immunoassay, we revealed the prevalence of 27 HPV-types in 170 dysplasia women from Sweden, a country with high HPV-vaccination coverage.Results The prevalence of HPV in low-and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL and HSIL, respectively) were 56.3% and 76.7%, respectively. The oncogenic HPV-types constituted 80.0%, and 97.1% among the HPV-positive LSIL and HSIL-groups, respectively, with HPV16 as the most prevalent type. We found a reduction in HPV-types covered by quadrivalent-Gardasil® vaccine in the vaccinated HSIL-group, suggesting the efficiency of the HPV-vaccine in preventing dysplasia caused by the covered HPV-types. Oncogenic HPV-types 39 and 59, not covered by any current vaccine have a high prevalence among patients with cervical dysplasiaConclusions Oncogenic-HPV-types are highly prevalent among women with HSIL. The current vaccine presents a high efficiency for reducing the covered HPV-types among dysplasia patients. Lastly, we provide evidence for the oncogenic-HPV-types that should be covered in the next generation of HPV-vaccines.
Significance of chorioretinal atrophy using ultra-widefield reflectance image as a risk factor for myopic choroidal neovascularization
Authors: Son Wonyung , Lee Kyungmin , Park Sang Hyun , Sagong Min 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We evaluated chorioretinal atrophy as a risk factor for myopic choroidal neovascularization (mCNV) in patients with posterior staphyloma using ultra-widefield (UWF) imaging. This retrospective study enrolled 35 patients with bilateral pathologic myopia and posterior staphyloma and unilateral mCNV. The fellow eyes showed no signs of mCNV. To assess the risk factors for mCNV, we measured the reflectance using red separation UWF images and analyzed the reflectance ratio (RR) of the posterior staphyloma area to that of the other areas. Additionally, choroidal thickness (CT), posterior staphyloma height, and coefficient α which represent the foveal curvature were measured on spectral domain optical coherence tomography images. Axial length, refractive error, and myopic macular degenerative changes were comparable between the affected and unaffected eyes. In the multivariate analysis, thin CT and increased RR were significant risk factors for mCNV (P = 0.031 and P = 0.009, respectively). There was a significant negative correlation between the CT and RR (P = 0.026). RR had the highest predictive value for mCNV on the receiver operating characteristic curve (P = 0.002). Increased reflectance of the posterior staphyloma area, which reflects chorioretinal atrophy, may be a significant parameter for assessing the risk of mCNV in pathologic myopia.
Neural stem cell transplantation rescues cortical damage in rhesus monkey models of traumatic brain injury
Authors: Liu Shuyi , Dong Wenjing , Huang Tianzhuang , Luo Yuyi , Zhu Rui , Shi Liping , Chen Yongchang , Li Shangang , wang zhengbo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Cortical traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of cognitive impairment accompanied by motor and behavioural deficits. Cell transplantation is the most promising treatment, and how to keep the transplanted cells are not removed via cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is the key problem.
Methods
In this study, we transplanted neural stem cells (NSCs) and simultaneously injected bFGF/EGF into the cortex (visual and sensory cortices) of rhesus monkeys with superficial TBI.
Results
The results showed that the transplanted NSCs did not enter the CSF and were confined to the transplantation site for at least one year. The transplanted NSCs differentiated into mature neurons that formed synaptic connections with host neurons, but glial scar formation between the graft and the host tissue did not occur.
Conclusions
This study is the first to explore the efficacy of transplanting NSCs into the superficial cerebral cortex of rhesus monkeys after TBI, and the results show the ability of NSCs to survive long term and differentiate into neurons, demonstrating the clinical translation potential of NSC transplantation for cortical TBI.
An Efficient Instance Segmentation Approach for Studying Fission Gas Bubbles in Irradiated Metallic Nuclear Fuel
Authors: Sun Shoukun , Xu Fei , Cai Lu , Salvato Daniele , Dilemma Fidelma , Capriotti Luca , Xian Min , Yao Tiankai 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Gaseous fission products from nuclear fission reactions tend to form fission gas bubbles of various shapes and sizes inside nuclear fuel. The behavior of fission gas bubbles dictates nuclear fuel performances, such as fission gas release, grain growth, swelling, and fuel cladding mechanical interaction. A mechanical understanding of fission gas bubble evolution behavior is a prerequisite for fuel development and qualification. Historical characterization of fission gas bubbles in irradiated nuclear fuel relied on a simple threshold method working on low resolution optical microscopy images. Advanced characterization of fission gas bubbles using scanning electron microscopic images reveals unprecedented detail and an extensive amount of morphological data, which strains the effectiveness of conventional methods. This paper proposes a hybrid framework, based on digital image processing and deep learning models, to efficiently detect and classify fission gas bubbles from scanning electron microscopic images. The developed bubble annotation tool used a multi-task deep learning network that integrates both U-Net and ResNet to accomplish instance-level bubble segmentation. With limited annotated data, the model achieves a recall ratio of more than 90%, a leap forward compared to the threshold method. The model has the capability to identify fission gas bubbles with and without lanthanides to better understand the movement of lanthanide fission products and fuel cladding chemical interaction. Lastly, the deep learning model is versatile and applicable to other similar material micro-structure segmentation tasks.
Cecropia pachystachya Improves Naproxen-induced Gastric Ulcers in Mice Through its Potent Anti- inflammatory, Antioxidant, and NO Production Activities
Authors: Martins Dainesy Santos , Costa Deiziane Viana Silva , Martins Conceição da Silva , Silva Angeline Maria Holanda Pascoal , Pequeno Ana Luiza Viana , Quintela Amanda Lemos , Canuto Kirley Marques , Brito Gerly Anne Castro , Duarte Antoniella Souza Gomes 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPeptic ulcer (PU) occurs as acute or chronic inflammation of the stomach and/or duodenum. It is characterized by oxidative stress, intense inflammation, and hemorrhage, which result from an imbalance between the defensive and harmful factors. Cecropia pachystachya (CP) contains flavonoids, terpenes, and polyphenols such as chlorogenic acid, which is known for its antioxidant properties. This study aimed to investigate the antiulcerogenic activities and properties of the CP leaf extract on naproxen (NPX)-induced gastric ulcers. MTT assay was used to evaluate CP cytotoxicity on intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6). Gastric ulcer was induced in male Swiss mice by pretreating them with 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, a vehicle control) or CP (3, 10, and 30 mg/kg reconstituted in 0.5% CMC) for 30 min, followed by administration of NPX (300 mg/kg) and then euthanization after 6 h. The stomach segments were collected for macroscopia, microscopia, glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO, a neutrophil infiltration marker), nitrite/nitrate, interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α analysis. CP extract did not affect IEC viability. CP extract (1, 3, and 10 mg/kg) reduced (p < 0.05) NPX-induced macroscopic and microscopic gastric lesions. In addition, it (3.0 mg/kg) prevented the depletion of GSH levels and reduced MDA formation and MPO. TNF-α and IL-6 levels were also reduced in mice subjected to NPX-induced gastric ulcers, compared with the control group. Furthermore, the extract reversed the increase in nitrite/nitrate concentration induced by NPX in stomach tissues. Therefore, our results demonstrate that CP has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities against NPX-induced gastric ulcers.
Joint DNN Partitioning and Task Offloading in Mobile Edge Computing via Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Zhang Jianbing , Ma Shufang , Yan Zexiao , Huang Jiwei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
As Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly prevalent, Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have become a crucial tool for developing and advancing AI applications. Considering limited computing and energy resources on mobile devices (MDs), it is a challenge to perform compute-intensive DNN tasks on MDs. To attack this challenge, mobile edge computing (MEC) provides a viable solution through DNN partitioning and task offloading. However, as the communication conditions between different devices change over time, DNN partitioning on different devices must also change synchronously. This is a dynamic process, which aggravates the complexity of DNN partitioning. In this paper, we delve into the issue of jointly optimizing energy and delay for DNN partitioning and task offloading in a dynamic MEC scenario where each MD and the server adopt the pre-trained DNNs for task inference. Taking advantage of the characteristics of DNN, we first propose a strategy for layered partitioning of DNN tasks to divide the task of each MD into subtasks that can be either processed on the MD or offloaded to the server for computation. Then, we formulate the trade-off between energy and delay as a joint optimization problem, which is further represented as a Markov decision process (MDP). To solve this, we design a DNN partitioning and task offloading (DPTO) algorithm utilizing deep reinforcement learning (DRL), which enables MDs to make optimal offloading decisions. Finally, experimental results demonstrate that our algorithm outperforms existing non-DRL and DRL algorithms with respect to processing delay and energy consumption, and can be applied to different DNN types.
A Risk Model Based on the Tumor Microenvironment to Predict Survival and Immunotherapy Efficacy for Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Wang Yaru , Wu Wenlong , Cheng Xin , Gao Hengxing , Li Wan , Liu Zengyou 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
(1) Background: Based on the interactions between immune components in the tumor microenvironment and ovarian cancer (OC) cells, immunotherapies have been demonstrated to be effective in dramatically increasing survival rates. This study aimed to identify landmark genes, construct a prognostic risk model, and explore its relevance to immunotherapy efficacy;
(2) Methods: A risk model were built based on the immune- and stromal-related genes, which were extracted from the OC gene expression data of “The Cancer Genome Atlas” (TCGA) database. Survival analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was then conducted through the model`s riskscore pattern, which was established depending on the TCGA training cohort and verified based on the internally TCGA cohort and externally “Gene Expression Omnibus” (GEO) datasets. Finally, the immune-related characteristics and prognostic values of this model were evaluated;
(3) Results: The prognostic risk model of OC exhibited excellent performance in predicting the survival rates in the TCGA and GEO database. This model, significantly associated with 17 functional immune cells, 17 immune checkpoint, PD-1, several immune pathways, may improve immunotherapy efficacy of OC;
(4) Conclusions: As a potential prognostic marker, the risk model may offer personalized immunotherapy protocols for OC and provide a theoretical foundation for new immunotherapy combinations.
Supplemental irrigation during the critical period for yield ensures higher radiation capture and use efficiency, water use efficiency, and grain yield in chia
Authors: Diez Josefina , Orellana Fernando , Searles Peter , Acreche Martin M. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Chia is generally grown under rainfed conditions and is often under water deficit conditions during the critical period of flowering and grain filling when yield is determined. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine how intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (iPAR), radiation use efficiency (RUE), water use efficiency (WUE), and grain yield were affected by different soil water availabilities during the critical period for yield in chia. Four levels of total available water (TAW) during the critical period were obtained using supplemental drip irrigation including: T90 (90% TAW), T65 (65% TAW), T45 (45% TAW), and T30 (30% TAW). No reductions in iPAR and RUE (total dry matter or yield per unit of intercepted radiation) were found between T65 and T90, which led to similar total dry matter and grain yield. In contrast, water availabilities equal to or lower than 45% of TAW decreased iPAR and RUE, and subsequently total dry matter and yield decreased. The decrease in RUE was associated with a reduction in WUE (total dry matter per mm of evapotranspiration) and crop conductance (gc; evapotranspiration per unit of iPAR). This occurred in part because moderate-to-severe water stress increased the proportion of crop evapotranspiration that evaporated from the soil and decreased the amount of water transpired per unit of intercepted radiation. The use of supplemental irrigation to ensure 65% of total available water in the soil during the critical period for yield would reduce the contribution of soil evaporation and increase crop transpiration by increasing crop ground cover and would lead to improved grain yields.
Risk Factors of Early Mortality in Patients with Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Study in the SEER Database
Authors: Li Zhenglin , Pang Min , Liang Xuefeng , Zhang Yafei , Zhang Weihua , He Weina , Sheng Lijun , An Yuji 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive neuroendocrine cancer with a high risk of early mortality (i.e., survival time less than 1 month). This study aimed to identify relevant risk factors and predict early mortality in SCLC patients.
Methods
A total of 27163 SCLC cases registered between 2010 and 2019 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data. Significant independent risk factors were identified by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Nomograms for all-causes and cancer-specific early death were constructed and evaluated.
Results
Age, sex, clinical stage, presence of metastasis (liver and lung), and absence of treatment (surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy) were identified for significant association with all-causes and cancer-specific early death. Nomograms based on these predictors exhibited high accuracy (area under ROC curve > 0.850) and potential clinical practicality in the prediction of early mortality.
Conclusion
We identified a set of factors associated with early mortality from SCLC and developed a clinically useful nomogram to predict high-risk patients. This nomogram could aid oncologists in the administration of individualized treatment regimens, potentially improving clinical outcomes of SCLC patients.
Distributed Clustering based Denial of Service Attack Prevention Mechanism using a Fault Tolerant Self Configured Controller in a Software Defined Network
Authors: S Sharathkumar , N Sreenath 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this modern era, communication in any type of network becomes very important and also providing security to the communication line also makes equal importance. To develop this feature a highly dynamic, self-configured, a proactive feature-enabled net-work should be used and that network is Software Defined Network. Due to vulnerabilities in the network, it majorly degrades the performance of the network, so a security mechanism needs to be developed so that throughput is increased, with minimal delay, latency and increase in performance. In this paper, a solution is provided for the node failures, link failures which are caused due to the malicious or misbehavior of nodes leading to disruption in the network caused by external intervention. This is due to the cause of Denial of Service attacks. Here, a method named Dynamic proactive cluster-based node failure detection, Re routing and Restoration is proposed in Software defined Networks to avoid these type of attacks which causes node disruption in the network, so that there may be packet loss, decrease in throughput of the network. By using the proposed Reliable fault-tolerant self-configured dynamic clustering mechanism we are implementing a distributed clustering DoS Attack prevention methodology to provide fault tolerance, achieve reliability and provide a security mechanism in the network. The main principle involved in the distributed clustering process here is node failure detection, rerouting of nodes and restoration of nodes. The simulation results obtained in the distributed clustering approach, a considerable increase in the performance of the network in terms of reliability, throughput, packet loss rate, recovery time and security is achieved over the existing traditional methods where the occurrence of node failures or link failures, and lack in security happens regularly.
Machine learning logistic regression in predicting the risk of severe hemorrhage after semi-tubeless PCNL
Authors: Liu Jing bang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To establish a machine learning logistic regression to predict the risk of severe hemorrhage after semi-tubeless percutaneous nephroscopy
Methods
The data of 465 patients (465 semi-tubeless PCNL procedures) were retrospectively analyzed at Shenyang Red Cross Hospital from January 1st,2016 to January 1st,2023.The following factors were analyzed: high pressure,stone score,expansion method,visualization,Guys grades,avascular area,diabetes,age,history of PCNL,duration,solid kidney,years,preoperative nephrostomy ,BMI and sex.We established a machine learning logistic regression model by using the data above and we collect 50 additional patients as the test group to verify the accuracy of the model.
Results
For all the 464 patients, 91 patients had postoperative haemorrhage and 373 had no haemorrhage.The average hemoglobin drop for all the procedures was 23 .5 ± 6.1g/L (range 20.1–38.1g/L), whereas the average hematocrit drop was 5.46 ± 4.08% (range 0.4–29%).We collect 5 demographic basic characteristics and 12 perioperative variables.There were three variables with an absolute value of the correlation coefficient less than 0.1.The lr.score of the model is 0.9448.Eighty-six percents of the predicted result were correct
Conclusion
As for the factors influencing the percutaneous nephroscopic hemorrhage,stone score,number of channels,BMI,age,duration,years,hypertension,solid kidney,guys score and diabetes are risk factors for haemorrhage. Visualization,avascular area,Preoperative nephrostomy are protective factors for haemorrhage
Efficacy and safety of ciprofol vs. propofol for maintenance and induction of general anesthesia: A meta-analysis of 463 patients
Authors: Abdelfattah Abdelfattah Mohammed , Ewieda Tamer Mohammed , Mohammad Adelwahab Abdelsattar Saleh , Elsaily Ayman Abdelaziz , Ahmed Ismail Mohamed Abdelgawad , Mohamed Noha samir , Elsnhory Ahmed Bostamy 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Given the adverse events of propofol, there has been a need to develop new potent drugs with lower side effects. Ciprofol has a GABAA receptor affinity 4–5 times higher than propofol, enabling it to achieve the same anesthetic effects with lower adverse events at lower doses.
Methods
PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science (inception to March 2023) were searched. Two authors performed, independently and induplicate, the studies screening, data extraction, and Risk of bias. Any disagreements were solved by a third senior author. Both mean difference and risk ratio with 95% CI were calculated.
Results
The quantitative and qualitative synthesis involved five randomized clinical trials with 463 patients. There was no significant difference between ciprofol and propofol in the success rate (RR = 1, (0.98, 1.02), P = 1). On the other hand, ciprofol significantly decreased the rate of hypotension (RR = 0.73 (0.57, 0.94), P = 0.02), and injection-site pain (RR = 0.31 (0.2, 0.48), P < 0.00001).
Conclusion
Ciprofol seems to have a potentially promising outcome as compared to propofol. However, more large-scale multi-center RCTs are to investigate this new anesthetic drug.