bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chromosome-scale genome assembly of Prunus pusilliflora provides novel insights into genome evolution, disease resistance, and dormancy release in Cerasus L.
Authors: Jiu Songtao , Chen Baozheng , Dong Xiao , Lv Zhengxin , Wang Yuxuan , Yin Chunjin , Xu Yan , Zhang Sen , Zhu Jijun , Wang Jiyuan , Liu Xunju , Sun Wanxia , Yang Guoqian , Li Meng , Li Shufeng , Zhang Zhuo , Liu Ruie , Wang Lei , Manzoor Muhammad Aamir , José Quero-García , Wang Shiping , Lei Yahui , Yang Ling , Dirlewanger Elisabeth , Dong Yang , Zhang Caixi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Prunus pusilliflora is a wild cherry germplasm resource distributed mainly in Southwest China. Despite its ornamental and economic value, a high-quality assembled P. pusilliflora genome is unavailable, hindering our understanding of its genetic background, population diversity, and evolutionary processes. Here, we de novo assembled a chromosome-scale P. pusilliflora genome using Oxford Nanopore, Illumina, and chromosome conformation capture sequencing. The assembled genome size was 309.62 Mb, with 76 scaffolds anchored to eight pseudochromosomes. We predicted 33 035 protein-coding genes, functionally annotated 98.27% of them, and identified repetitive sequences covering 49.08% of the genome. We found that P. pusilliflora is closely related to Prunus serrulata and Prunus yedoensis, having diverged from them ~41.8 million years ago. A comparative genomic analysis revealed that P. pusilliflora has 643 expanded and 1128 contracted gene families. Furthermore, we found that P. pusilliflora is more resistant to Colletotrichum viniferum, Phytophthora capsici, and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000 infections than cultivated Prunus avium. P. pusilliflora also has considerably more nucleotide-binding site-type resistance gene analogs than P. avium, which explains its stronger disease resistance. The cytochrome P450 and WRKY families of 263 and 61 proteins were divided into 42 and 8 subfamilies respectively in P. pusilliflora. Furthermore, 81 MADS-box genes were identified in P. pusilliflora, accompanying expansions of the SVP and AGL15 subfamilies and loss of the TM3 subfamily. Our assembly of a high-quality P. pusilliflora genome will be valuable for further research on cherries and molecular breeding.
The SmNPR4-SmTGA5 module regulates SA-mediated phenolic acid biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots
Authors: Ding Meiling , Zhang Bin , Zhang Shuo , Hao RongRong , Xia Yu , Ma Pengda , Dong Juane 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Phenolic acids are the main bioactive compounds in Salvia miltiorrhiza, which can be increased by salicylic acid (SA) elicitation. However, the specific molecular mechanism remains unclear. The nonexpresser of PR genes 1 (NPR1) and its family members are essential components of the SA signaling pathway. Here, we report an NPR protein, SmNPR4, that showed strong expression in hairy root after SA treatment, acting as a negative moderator of SA-induced phenolic acid biosynthesis in S. miltiorrhiza (S. miltiorrhiza). Moreover, a basic leucine zipper family transcription factor SmTGA5 was identified and was found to interact with SmNPR4. SmTGA5 activates the expression of phenolic acid biosynthesis gene SmTAT1 through binding to the as-1 element. Finally, a series of biochemical assays and dual gene overexpression analysis demonstrated that the SmNPR4 significantly inhibited the function of SmTGA5, and SA can alleviate the inhibitory effect of SmNPR4 on SmTGA5. Overall, our results reveal the molecular mechanism of salicylic acid regulating phenolic acid biosynthesis in S. miltiorrhiza and provide new insights for SA signaling to regulate secondary metabolic biosynthesis.
An exploration of hospital pharmacists’ attitudes and opinions towards undertaking research
Authors: Shenton Julie , Fitzpatrick Ray , Gifford Alison 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis research aimed to explore the attitudes and opinions of hospital pharmacists to undertaking research to understand the drivers, drawbacks, barriers and enablers to engagement and explore the characteristics of research-active pharmacy departments.MethodsA qualitative approach was employed using case study methodology where interviews were undertaken with the chief pharmacist and a cohort of research-active pharmacists at four secondary care NHS Trusts. Each of the four case study sites had high levels of research activity among pharmacists and a model of support for them to undertake research.Key findingsResearch experience was identified as a significant driver, as was a pharmacy department having a research culture. Drawbacks identified related to the impact of research on service delivery, and the difficulty associated with backfilling posts with funding from grants. Lack of time, difficulty obtaining funding, lack of personal competence and research not being prioritised were identified as barriers to engagement, as were a lack of understanding and awareness of research and a lack of appreciation of its value. Key enablers included having time to conduct research and having access to individuals with research expertise. Research-active pharmacy departments all had a supportive chief pharmacist, a culture for research and mechanisms of support in place.ConclusionsTo increase research engagement among pharmacists in the hospital sector, there needs to be cultural change at a professional level to drive engagement and give individuals the time and skills to be undertake research.
Characterization of western corn rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) susceptibility to foliar insecticides in northeast Nebraska
Authors: Dang Timothy B , Vélez Ana M , Valencia-Jiménez Arnubio , Reinders Jordan D , Stricklin Emily E , Carroll Matthew W , Pilcher Clinton D , Krumm Jeffrey T , Head Graham P , Meinke Lance J 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Foliar-applied insecticides are commonly used for adult western corn rootworm (WCR), Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), control in Nebraska but little efficacy data is available. Anecdotal reports of reduced efficacy in areas of northeast Nebraska led to the conduct of this study. Objectives were to (i) evaluate the efficacy of commercial applications of commonly used formulated insecticides (bifenthrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, chlorpyrifos, or tank mixes) for WCR control in 7 northeast Nebraska counties during 2019 and 2020 and (ii) conduct adult WCR concentration-response vial bioassays with bifenthrin, chlorpyrifos, and dimethoate active ingredients on a subset of field populations. Whole plant counts (WPC) were used to measure WCR densities in insecticide-treated and untreated maize fields before and after insecticide application. Field control was excellent with organophosphate/pyrethroid tank mixes as proportional change in mean WPC of treated fields was significantly reduced (&gt;0.90) versus untreated fields where little change in WPC occurred. The exception was one treated Boone County field where proportional reduction in WPC was ≤0.78. Bioassays revealed LC50s and resistance ratios of most populations exposed to bifenthrin and dimethoate were not significantly different than the susceptible control. Most populations exhibited a low level of chlorpyrifos resistance when compared to the susceptible control. Field and lab data suggest the local onset of practical WCR field-evolved resistance to bifenthrin in Boone County and chlorpyrifos in Boone and Colfax counties. Results of this study will increase our understanding of WCR resistance evolution, serve as a comprehensive baseline for future research, and inform WCR management programs.
Clinical results of carbon-ion radiotherapy for stage I non-small cell lung cancer with concomitant interstitial lung disease: a Japanese national registry study (J-CROS-LUNG)
Authors: Okano Naoko , Suefuji Hiroaki , Nakajima Mio , Tokumaru Sunao , Kubo Nobuteru , Yoshida Daisaku , Suzuki Osamu , Ishikawa Hitoshi , Satouchi Miyako , Nakayama Haruhiko , Shioyama Yoshiyuki 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Anti-cancer treatments for lung cancer patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) are challenging. The treatment options for ILD are often limited because of concerns that treatments can cause acute exacerbation (AE) of ILD. This study aimed to analyze the outcomes of carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) for stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with ILD, using a multi-institutional registry. Patients with ILD who received CIRT for stage I NSCLC in CIRT institutions in Japan were enrolled. The indication for CIRT was determined by an institutional multidisciplinary tumor board, and CIRT was performed in accordance with institutional protocols. Thirty patients were eligible. The median follow-up duration was 30.3 months (range, 2.5–58 months), and the total dose ranged from 50 Gy (relative biological effectiveness [RBE]) to 69.6 Gy (RBE), and five different patterns of fractionation were used. The beam delivery method was passive beam in 19 patients and scanning beam in 11 patients. The 3-year overall survival (OS), cause-specific survival, disease-free survival (DFS) and local control (LC) rates were 48.2%, 62.2%, 41.2% and 88.1%, respectively. Grade &gt; 2 radiation pneumonitis occurred in one patient (3.3%). In conclusion, CIRT is a safe treatment modality for stage I NSCLC with concomitant ILD. CIRT is a safe and feasible treatment option for early lung cancer in ILD patients.
A scoping review: the psychosocial barriers that exist for people with vulvodynia
Authors: Niedenfuehr Jenny , Edwards Mary , King Lindsey M 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Vulvodynia, including generalized vulvodynia and vestibulodynia, affects at least 8% to 16% of people with a vulva and may have a negative impact on one’s quality of life, psychological health, interpersonal relationships, and individual behaviors.

Aim
The aim of this scoping review is to synthesize and analyze the emerging literature of vulvodynia research while determining what psychosocial barriers exist for people with vulvodynia.

Methods
A rigorous literature search was completed in 6 databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, APA PsycInfo, and Academic Search Premier. Key terms and subject headings, including Medical Subject Headings, were used to systematically search these databases. Two reviewers were utilized to assess the reference list and reduce bias.

Outcomes
A total of 671 articles were discovered during the search, which was narrowed down to 73 that included at least 1 psychosocial barrier that patients experience in the United States and Canada.

Results
The findings of the literature search revealed the various psychosocial barriers that patients commonly face: pain, anxiety, depression, catastrophization, fear, lack of self-efficacy, low desire and arousal, negative body image, stigma, distress, posttraumatic stress disorder, child maltreatment and abuse, mistrust, invalidation and isolation, low levels of self-compassion, negative partner support, low relationship satisfaction, lack of physical affection, emotional regulation, and avoidance and lack of approach goals. In addition to psychosocial barriers, structural determinants and environmental barriers—such as delayed diagnosis, low health literacy, cost, transportation, and racial disparities—adversely affected individuals with vulvodynia.

Clinical Implications
This review should serve as a guide for researchers, medical providers, and program developers to understand all the barriers that patients may face.

Strengths and Limitations
This review comprehensively highlights existing psychological barriers while promoting structural and environmental barriers that people with vulvodynia face. More research and greater emphasis on the underlying physical conditions that contribute to vulvodynia are needed to effectively educate providers and patients on vulvar pain conditions.

Conclusions
This scoping review highlights the numerous barriers faced by patients with vulvodynia and serves to improve education for patients and providers to achieve earlier diagnoses and better patient outcomes.
Urban wildlife and arborists: environmental governance and the protection of wildlife during tree care operations
Authors: Martin Alexander J F , Almas Andrew D 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWhen working with urban trees, arborists can negatively impact urban wildlife. There have been recent efforts to strengthen wildlife protection and conservation during arboricultural practices, both legislatively and voluntarily through arboriculture organizations. To examine arborists’ perceptions of these environmental policies and understand their experiences with urban wildlife, we conducted an international online survey of 805 arborists. Many respondents (n = 481, 59.8%) reported being involved in tree work that resulted in wildlife injury or death, despite most respondents reportedly modifying work plans or objectives after encountering wildlife (n = 598, 74.3%). Decisions to modify or cease work were most heavily influenced by the legal protection of species, wildlife having young, and the overall management objectives. Support for new wildlife best management practices (BMPs) was high (n = 718, 90.3%), as was awareness of wildlife and arboriculture-related legislation (n = 611, 77.2%). The findings demonstrate support amongst arborists for the implementation of wildlife policies to protect wildlife in urban forestry; however, implementation of such policies would require a non-prescriptive approach that is relevant to a diversity of wildlife concerns globally, causing concern amongst arborists about the applicability of such a document. Concerns also included the economic impacts of voluntary wildlife protection policies in arboriculture, where competitors may not adhere to industry standards or best practices. Given the support of arborists for increased wildlife protection policies, we recommend the development of international wildlife-focused BMPs for arboriculture, especially as an intermediary until legislation can be implemented or more rigorously enforced.
Associations Between Psycho-Social-Spiritual Interventions, Fewer Aggressive End-of-Life Measures, and Increased Time After Final Oncologic Treatment
Authors: Schultz Michael , Baziliansky Svetlana , Mitnik Inbal , Ulitzur Nirit , Illouz Shay , Katra Duaa , Givoli Simon , Campisi-Pinto Salvatore , Bar-Sela Gil , Zalman Daniela 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Little is known about the impact of spiritual caregivers, psychologists, and social workers on desired end-of-life (EoL) medical outcomes, such as reduced use of aggressive care in the final 2 weeks of life, having more time between the last active oncological treatment and death, and increased hospice use.

Patients and Methods
We conducted a prospective study of 180 patients with cancer and their families, their interactions with social work, psychology, and spiritual care, and the above three treatment outcomes.

Results
We found that having one or more spiritual care visits (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.02; P = .04), having more quality visits with the psychologist (P = .01), and speaking with someone about one’s inner resources (AOR = 2.25; P = .03) all correlated with reduced EoL aggressive care. The key interventions correlating with increased time after final treatment were more visits with the spiritual caregiver or the social worker (AOR = 1.30; P &lt; .001), and speaking about the medical treatment (AOR = 1.54; P &lt; .001) and about interpersonal relationships (AOR = 2.28; P &lt; .001). A subjectively good-quality connection with the spiritual caregiver correlated with increased hospice use (AOR = 10.00; P = .01).

Conclusions
Patients with cancer who availed themselves of the spiritual care, psychology, and social work services, each profession in distinct ways, had significantly different outcomes in their EoL medical treatment, including undergoing fewer futile aggressive measures, having more time after their last active treatment, and using hospice services more. These outcomes directly bear on improved quality of life and reduced costs.
Efficacy of T-Cell Receptor-Based Adoptive Cell Therapy in Cutaneous Melanoma: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yarza Ramon , Bover Mateo , Herrera-Juarez Mercedes , Rey-Cardenas Macarena , Paz-Ares Luis , Lopez-Martin Jose A , Haanen John 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
T-cell receptor (TCR-T) therapies are based on the expression of an introduced TCR targeting a tumor associated antigen (TAA) which has been studied in several trials in cutaneous melanoma. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis aiming to assess the primary efficacy of TCR-based adoptive cell therapy in cutaneous melanoma.

Methods
We searched through PubMed electronic database from its inception until May 21, 2022. Primary endpoints were pooled objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR). We conducted logistic regression analyses to identify potential predictive factors for tumor response.

Results
From 187 patients, 50 showed an objective response (pooled ORR 28%; 95% CI, 20%-37%) and a pooled DCR of 38% (95% CI, 27%-50%). Median PFS was 2, 9 months (95% CI, 1.4-3.1). A trend toward higher PFS was demonstrated for patients treated with cancer/testis antigens targeting TCR-T cells (HR 0.91 95% CI, 0.64-1.3, P = .61) among whom, patients treated with NYESO-1 targeting TCR-T showed a significantly higher PFS (HR 0.63 95% CI, 0.64-0.98, P = .03). In addition, the number of infused cells was associated with a significantly higher likelihood of tumor response (OR 6.61; 95% CI, 1.68-21.6; P = .007).

Conclusion
TCR-T therapy shows promising results in terms of antitumor activity and survival similar to those reported for TILs with a significantly higher benefit for cancer/testis antigens targeting cells. Since TCR-based therapy shows advantages of great potential over classic ACT strategies, further research in solid cancers is warranted (PROSPERO ID CRD42022328011).
Restricted Composition is Information Compression
Authors: Bird Alexander 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This paper proposes and examines an answer to the special composition question—complex objects compress information about their parts. I start by defending fastenation for material objects and then extract from fastenation the idea that the conjoinment of parts establishes correlations among the locations and motions of those parts. I move from this to the proposal that entities are parts of some object when that object allows for the efficient, if lossy, compression of information about those parts.
In person and virtual process mapping experiences to capture and explore variability in clinical practice: application to genetic referral pathways across seven Australian hospital networks
Authors: Morrow April , Steinberg Julia , Chan Priscilla , Tiernan Gabriella , Kennedy Elizabeth , Egoroff Natasha , Hilton Desiree , Sankey Lucien , Venchiarutti Rebecca , Hayward Anne , Pearn Amy , McKay Skye , Debono Deborah , Hogden Emily , Taylor Natalie 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Genetic referral for Lynch syndrome (LS) exemplifies complex clinical pathways. Identifying target behaviours (TBs) for change and associated barriers requires structured group consultation activities with busy clinicians – consolidating implementation activities whilst retaining rigour is crucial. This study aimed to: i) use process mapping to gain in-depth understandings of site-specific LS testing and referral practices in Australian hospitals and support identification of TBs for change, ii) explore if barriers to identified TBs could be identified through process mapping focus-group data, and iii) demonstrate pandemic-induced transition from in-person to virtual group interactive process mapping methods.
LS clinical stakeholders attended interactive in-person or virtual focus groups to develop site-specific “process maps” visually representing referral pathways. Content analysis of transcriptions informed site-specific process maps, then clinical audit data was compared to highlight TBs for change. TBs were reviewed in follow-up focus groups. Secondary thematic analysis explored barriers to identified TBs, coded against the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). The transition from in-person to pandemic-induced virtual group interactive process mapping methods was documented.
Process mapping highlighted six key areas of clinical practice variation across sites and site-specific TBs for change were identified. Key barriers to identified TBs emerged, categorised to seven TDF domains.
Process mapping revealed variations in clinical practices surrounding LS referral between sites. Incorporating qualitative perspectives enhances process mapping by facilitating identification of TBs for change and barriers, providing a pathway to developing targeted interventions. Virtual process mapping activities produced detailed data and enabled comprehensive map development.
Uneven Returns to Nondegree Work Credentials for Older Workers
Authors: Zhang Tingting , Zhang Pidi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Using the U.S. Adult Training and Education Survey (N = 41,442), we examined the impact of acquiring nondegree work credentials at different ages on labor market outcomes, focusing on those close to retirement age. We examined two types of work credentials—occupational licenses and certifications. The majority of survey respondents, aged 16–66 years when surveyed, earned their most important credential, especially occupational licenses, at an early stage (before 35 years old). Although a significant share of older respondents held a work credential, fewer acquired a new credential close to retirement age. Results of multinominal logistic regression showed those obtaining a work credential close to retirement age (55–64 years old) were more likely to be in the labor force than noncredentialed respondents, but they were more likely to be underemployed or unemployed, controlling for demographic characteristics. Of those in the labor force, respondents earning a credential later (55–64 years old) were more likely to work part-time and have multiple jobs than noncredentialed respondents; those who earned a credential earlier (16–34 years old) were less likely to work part-time and more likely to work more hours weekly. Finally, among credential holders, older respondents thought work credentials earned at a younger age were more useful as a labor market signal; credentials earned later were less effective to gain or keep a job or to ensure marketability. Job-related effectiveness of occupational licenses decreased as the age when such credentials were earned increased, but certifications earned later were more likely viewed as a way to improve work skills than certifications earned at a younger age.
The Skill-Specific Automatability of Aging Workers and Its Impact on Retirement Decisions
Authors: Lee Zeewan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Research regarding the effects of automation on labor supply often assesses the labor force as a whole and disregards specific effects on aging workers. In light of rapid technological changes in the labor market, we assess the linkage between the automatability of aging workers and their retirement decisions. Based on the theoretical model of task-based technological changes and drawing data from the Health and Retirement Study and O*NET 2000–2018, we create an automatability index based on workers’ primary skills. Using the index as our main explanatory variable in Cox proportional hazards models and logit models, we find that skill-specific automatability increases the retirement likelihood, both in terms of their expected and actual timing of retirement. This work provides empirical evidence that individuals’ automatability renders the notion of “working at old age” less viable, despite the financial and health benefits of staying in the labor force for an extended period. Our findings offer important insights on how to better promote productive aging, for instance, by offering retraining programs for older workers to harness their soft skills to reduce automatability in the labor market.