bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Olfactory Bulb Volume, Olfactory Sulcus Depth in Parkinson's Disease, Atypical Parkinsonism
Authors: Dutta Debayan , Karthik Kulanthaivelu , Holla Vikram V. , Kamble Nitish , Yadav Ravi , Pal Pramod Kumar , Mahale Rohan R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundAbout 70–90% of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients have olfactory deficits which is considered as pre‐motor symptom of PD. Lewy bodies have been demonstrated in the olfactory bulb (OB) in PD.ObjectiveTo assess the OB volume (OBV), olfactory sulcus depth (OSD) in PD and compare with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), multiple system atrophy (MSA) and vascular parkinsonism (VP) patients and determine the cut‐off volume of OB that will aid in the diagnosis of PD.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional, hospital based, single‐center study. Forty PD, 20 PSP, 10 MSA, 10 VP patients and 30 controls were recruited. OBV and OSD was assessed using 3‐T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain. Olfaction was tested using Indian Smell Identification test (INSIT).ResultsThe mean total OBV in PD was 113.3 ± 79.2 mm3 and 187.4 ± 65.0 mm3 in controls (P = 0.003) which was significantly lower in PD. The mean total OSD in PD was 19.4 ± 8.1 and 21.1 ± 2.2 mm in controls (P = 0.41) with no difference. The mean total OBV was significantly lower in PD as compared to that of PSP, MSA and VP patients. There was no difference in the OSD among the groups. The total OBV in PD had no association with age at onset, duration of disease, dopaminergic drugs dosage, motor and non‐motor symptoms severity but had positive correlation with cognitive scores.ConclusionOBV is reduced in PD patients as compared to PSP, MSA, VP patients and controls. OBV estimation by MRI adds to the armamentarium in the diagnosis of PD.
UMSARS Versus Laryngoscopy‐Based Assessment of Dysphagia
Authors: El Fassi Nadia , Pavy le Traon Anne , Mouchon Emmanuelle , Rascol Olivier , Meissner Wassilios G. , Foubert‐Saumier Alexandra , Gallois Yohan , Tessier Samuel , Ory‐Magne Fabienne , Woisard Virginie A. , Fabbri Margherita 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundMultiple System Atrophy (MSA) dysphagia is routinely assessed by the Unified Multiple System Atrophy Rating Scale (UMSARS) part I‐item 2.ObjectiveTo compare the UMSARS part I‐item 2 with an ear/nose/throat (ENT) expert physician assessment.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the data of MSA patients who underwent an ENT assessment (nasofibroscopic and radioscopic exam) and an annual UMSARS assessment. Deglutition Handicap Index (DHI) and pulmonary/nutrition complications were collected.ResultsSeventy‐five MSA patients were included. The ENT assessment revealed more severe dysphagia compared to the UMSARS part I‐item 2 score (P = 0.003). A higher proportion of patients with impaired protective mechanisms showed severe UMSARS‐based dysphagia (P = 0.005). Patients with choking and oral/pharyngeal transit defects and nutritional complications were equally distributed across UMSARS part I‐item 2 scores. Worse UMSARS part I‐item 2 scores had worse DHI scores.ConclusionsThe UMSARS‐based assessment of dysphagia does not capture key aspects of pharyngo‐laryngeal dysfunction reflecting swallowing efficiency.
Evaluation of methods of estimating time‐optimal flight routes in a changing climate
Authors: Cheung Jacob C. H. , Wells Cathie A. , Steele Edward C. C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAn emergent consequence of climate change is its potential impacts on transatlantic flight routes and durations, with studies suggesting that future optimal paths will likely lead to decreased (increased) eastbound (westbound) journey times. However, these earlier works all rely on a class of flight planning algorithms (based on the so‐called ‘shooting method’) that are fundamentally different to those typically used by the aviation industry (based on the so‐called ‘network method’). To help resolve any ambiguities associated with these differences and better align both the academic and operational communities, we have therefore conducted an evaluation of methods of estimating time‐optimal flight routes to relate the result obtained from the shooting method with the result obtained from the network method, using identical data from an ensemble of eight different climate models included within the CMIP5 project. Our findings suggest that, contrary to the existing literature, journey times will likely be shorter, irrespective of direction of travel and season, although the magnitude of this difference is negligible given the typical duration of transatlantic flights. Trajectory prediction (TP) results are largely dependent on the characteristics of the ensemble, their method of generation, the projected climate scenario and the temporal periods considered. Importantly, we conclude the choice of TP models is not a crucial factor in assessing the impact of climate change on flight durations—as long as this sample size (i.e., number of trajectories used in deriving statistics) is large.
Blockchain‐inspired lightweight trust‐based system in vehicular networks
Authors: Kumar Arora Sandeep , Kumar Gulshan , Hedabou Mustapha , Mehdi Amhoud El , Iwendi Celestine 
Published: March 2023

SummaryA decentralized application runs on the blockchain network without the intervention of a central authority. Transparency in transactions and security in vehicular networks are the issues for central systems. The proposed system uses blockchain‐based smart contracts, which eliminate the requirement for any third‐party verification. Additionally, with signature verification and reduced overhead, smart contracts also help in a fast and secure transaction. This study suggests a trust‐based system paradigm where certificate authority (CA) is employed for vehicle registration. We also propose a blockchain‐based system that provides efficient two‐way authentication and key agreement through encryption and digital signatures. The analysis of the proposed model reveals that it is an efficient way of establishing distributed trust management, which helps in preserving vehicle privacy. The proposed scheme is tested in Automated Validation of Internet Security‐sensitive Protocols (AVISPA), and security parameters verification in Network Simulator 2(NS2) also shows that the proposed scheme is more effective in comparison with existing schemes in terms of authentication cost, storage cost, and overhead.
Torsional static and free vibration analysis of noncircular short‐fiber‐reinforced microwires with arbitrary boundary conditions
Authors: Civalek Ömer , Uzun Büşra , Yaylı Mustafa Özgür 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the free torsional vibration response of short fiber‐reinforced noncircular microwires by considering the size effect. Moreover, the formulation of Eigen value problem based on forced boundary conditions that consider warping function and small‐scale parameter. The composite microwire has been considered to be composed of fiber reinforced by short particle distributed along the thickness direction based on different symmetric patterns. The partial differential equation with force boundary conditions of a microwire under the general boundary conditions are presented in a matrix form and are solved analytically via the modified couple stress theory. An analytical solution is obtained for a microwire with arbitrary boundary conditions using the Fourier sine series with Stokes' transformation and effect of different parameters including warping function and elastic springs at the ends, material length scale parameter, distribution of short fibers on the free torsional frequencies are investigated.
Discussion of ‘Is designed data collection still relevant in the Big Data era?'
Authors: King Caleb , Jones Bradley 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGiven the popularity of Big Data (BD), there can be an impression that fields such as design of experiments (DOE) are now irrelevant. We would like to thank the authors for starting the conversation about the possible relationship between these two fields. A key contribution of this paper is in showing how DOE principles, as summarized under the name designed data collection (DDC), can be applied throughout the BD process. This name is quite appropriate, demonstrating that these principles apply not just to designed experiments, but to any form of data collection. This is especially important for situations where designed experiments are either impossible (i.e., assessing how a country's economy may impact certain responses) or unethical (i.e., certain sensitive types of medical studies). It shows that DOE is more than a particular choice of design type, but is rather a methodology for approaching data collection. One that seeks to extract the most relevant information from the data while also taking into account the various nuances and constraints of physical and social processes, which are ever present, even in massive datasets. The paper divides BD efforts into three general phases: Before BD, During BD, and After BD. As such, we have grouped our discussion accordingly, with general comments provided for the suggested contributions of DDC in each phase. We then close with some additional thoughts.
Trending topics and themes in environmental innovation research based on topic modeling
Authors: Liao Zhongju , Liu Xiaodie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the context of carbon neutrality, environmental innovation has become an important way for companies to achieve sustainable development and gain a competitive advantage. To systematically grasp the current status of the environmental innovation literature, this study conducted a thematic modeling and coding analysis of 19,936 papers published between 2000 and 2022 using an unsupervised thematic model. The research content pertaining to environmental innovation was sorted following the logic of “influencing factors, boundary conditions, and influencing outcomes.” The results showed that previous scholars had classified the factors driving environmental innovation based primarily on five theories, including stakeholder theory, resource‐based theory, institutional theory, informal institutional theory and upper echelons theory. Green absorptive capacity, firm size, and slack resources played a moderating role in the influence of other factors on environmental innovation, but the relationship between environmental innovation and firm performance remained uncertain. Finally, combining the limitations of previous studies, we outline several directions for future research to achieve breakthroughs.
An All‐in‐One “4A Hydrogel”: through First‐Aid Hemostatic, Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Angiogenic to Promoting Infected Wound Healing
Authors: Hu Shanshan , Yang Zixin , Zhai Qiming , Li Dize , Zhu Xingyu , He Qingqing , Li Lingjie , Cannon Richard D. , Wang Huanan , Tang Han , Ji Ping , Chen Tao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCurrently used wound dressings are ineffective. Hence, there is a need to develop introduce a high‐performance medicament with multiple functions including rapid hemostasis and excellent antibacterial activity to meet the growing worldwide demand for wound healing products. Here, inspired by the strong adhesion of mussels and the enzyme‐mimicking activity of nanometallic biomaterials, the authors developed an injectable hydrogel to overcome multiple limitations of current wound dressings. The hydrogel is synthesized via esterification reaction between poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA), followed by catechol‐metal coordination between Cu2+ and the catechol groups of DOPA to form a PVA‐DOPA‐Cu (PDPC) hydrogel. The PDPC hydrogel possesses excellent tissue adhesive, antioxidative, photothermal, antibacterial, and hemostatic properties. The hydrogel rapidly and efficiently stopped bleeding under different traumatic conditions, including otherwise‐lethal liver injury, high‐pressure carotid artery rupture, and even fatal cardiac penetration injuries in animal models. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the PDPC hydrogel affected high‐performance wound repair and tissue regeneration by accelerating re‐epithelialization, promoting collagen deposition, regulating inflammation, and contributing to vascularization. The results show that PDPC hydrogel is a promising candidate for rapid hemorrhage control and efficient wound healing in multiple clinical applications.
Discriminant Principal Component Analysis of ToF‐SIMS Spectra for Deciphering Compositional Differences of MSC‐Secreted Extracellular Matrices
Authors: Zimmermann Ralf , Nitschke Mirko , Magno Valentina , Freudenberg Uwe , Sockel Katja , Stölzel Friedrich , Wobus Manja , Platzbecker Uwe , Werner Carsten 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIdentifying characteristic extracellular matrix (ECM) variants is a key challenge in mechanistic biology, bioengineering, and medical diagnostics. The reported study demonstrates the potential of time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF‐SIMS) to detect subtle differences between human mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)‐secreted ECM types as induced by exogenous stimulation or emerging pathology. ToF‐SIMS spectra of decellularized ECM samples are evaluated by discriminant principal component analysis (DPCA), an advanced multivariate analysis technique, to decipher characteristic compositional features. To establish the approach, signatures of major ECM proteins are determined from samples of pre‐defined mixtures. Based on that, sets of ECM variants produced by MSCs in vitro are analyzed. Differences in the content of collagen, fibronectin, and laminin in the ECM resulting from the combined supplementation of MSC cultures with polymers that induce macromolecular crowding and with ascorbic acid are detected from the DPCA of ToF‐SIMS spectra. The results are verified by immunostaining. Finally, the comparative ToF‐SIMS analysis of ECM produced by MSCs of healthy donors and patients suffering from myelodysplastic syndrome display the potential of the novel methodology to reveal disease‐associated alterations of the ECM composition.
The U.S. Postal Savings System and the collapse of building and loan associations during the Great Depression
Authors: Fleitas Sebastian , Jaremski Matthew , Sprick Schuster Steven 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBuilding and loan associations (B&Ls) financed over half of new houses constructed in the United States during the 1920s but they lost their predominance within the following decades as they were pushed to convert into Savings and Loans (S&Ls). This study examines whether the U.S. government‐insured Postal Savings System attracted funds away from B&Ls precisely when they needed them the most in the Great Depression. Annual town‐ and county‐level data from 1920 through 1935 for three states show that the sudden rise in local postal savings was associated with local downturns in B&Ls. Using a panel vector autoregression, we find that postal savings significantly reduced the amount of money in B&Ls, yet B&Ls had no significant effect on postal savings banks. Alternatively, postal savings had no significant effect on commercial banks. The results suggest that this competitive dynamic prevented B&Ls from rebounding in the mid‐1930s and helped contributed to Great Depression's local real estate lending decline.
Autonomic computing and incremental learning for the management of big services
Authors: Ghedass Fedia , Ben Charrada Faouzi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRecent years have witnessed the emergence ofbig services, as a large‐scale big data‐centric service model, that resulted from the synergy between powerful computing paradigms (big data processing, service and cloud computing, Internet of Things, etc.). Big services are seen as a heterogeneous combination of physical and virtualized domain‐specific resources, with a huge volume of data and complex functionalities, all encapsulated and offered as services. This complexity of big services (composition units' heterogeneity, cross‐domain orientation, data massiveness), coupled with other environmental factors (cloud dynamicity, providers' policies, customer requirements) makes their management tasks beyond humans' capability. Therefore, endowing big service ecosystems with self‐adaptive behavior is a natural solution. To achieve this goal, this article models big services asautonomic computing systems, and structures their behavioral aspects (functional behavior, quality of service/data levels, management policies) as amulti‐view knowledge graph. To infer useful knowledge (e.g., conflicts between policies) for the autonomic big service's management tasks, we process the big service's knowledge graph (BSKG) via agraph neural network‐based graph embedding model. This latter is reinforced by anincremental learningmethod, that helps capturing the big services' frequent changes (e.g., QoS deviations, service failures, new policies), and drives autonomic managers to continuously update and enrich their knowledge w.r.t. the managed big service's current state. Finally, a flexibledecision mechanismexplores the BSKG structure and the latent knowledge, to locate and trigger the appropriate management policies, according to the big service's produced events.
Model‐based diagnosis with FTTell: Diagnosing early pediatric failure to thrive
Authors: Levi‐Soskin Natali , Yasin Fatma , Dori Dov , Shaoul Ron 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPediatric Failure To Thrive (FTT), commonly presented in young infants, is often not diagnosed on time or missed. Lack of timely infants’ diagnosis can adversely affect their growth and development. We have developed and successfully tested FTTell—a model‐based system for diagnosing FTT during common pediatric follow up. FTTell is an executable model‐based diagnostic tool for diagnosing FTT. We use Object‐Process Methodology extended with Methodical Approach to Executable Integrative Modeling, enabling qualitative considerations and quantitative parameters of the problem to be modeled jointly, enabling FTT diagnosis. The validity of FTTell is demonstrated on data collected from 100 infants. For each child, FTTell calculates a score indicating FTT presence and severity. We compared the systems’ outcomes to a pediatric gastroenterologist expert severity assessment. Of the 100 infants, the system initially yielded 82% validity. Reassessment improved it to 87% validity. Pediatricians may miss infants with FTT, especially in borderline cases. FTTell can effectively serve as a FTT diagnosis tool, boosting pediatricians’ correct diagnosis and proper investigation. Our cloud‐based system can be continuously updated with the latest research findings. FTTell can diagnose FTT and its severity in infants with 87% accuracy. Pediatricians can use this model‐based standardized approach to improve their FTT diagnosis and provide appropriate timely intervention when needed. Model‐based diagnosis is a novel application of conceptual models, and OPM ISO 19450 is especially fit for this purpose. The model‐based diagnosis approach can be extended beyond medicine to diagnosing problems with engineered, technological, and socio‐technical systems.
Crocin suppresses breast cancer cell proliferation by down‐regulating tumor promoter miR‐122‐5p and up‐regulating tumor suppressors FOXP2 and SPRY2
Authors: Jia Yunhao , Yang Han , Yu Jinsong , Li Zhong , Jia Guangwei , Ding Bo , Lv Chunliu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCrocin has been reported to have antitumor activity in several tumors including breast cancer. Nevertheless, the mechanism of action of crocin on breast cancer remains unclear. The cytotoxicity of crocin was evaluated by CCK‐8 assay. Cell proliferation was assessed using EdU incorporation assay and western blot analysis. Breast cancer‐related genes were extracted from GEPIA. miR‐122‐5p targets were predicted using Targetscan, starbase, and miRDB softwares. Luciferase reporter assay was employed to confirm whether miR‐122‐5p targeted sprouty2 (SPRY2) and forkhead box P2 (FOXP2). Results showed that crocin exhibited cytotoxicity and suppressed the proliferation in breast cancer cells. miR‐122‐5p was upregulated in breast cancer tissues and cells. Crocin suppressed miR‐122‐5p to block the proliferation of breast cancer cells. Seven targets of miR‐122‐5p were identified in breast cancer. SPRY2 and FOXP2 were selected for further experiments due to their involvement in breast cancer. miR‐122‐5p targeted SPRY2 and FOXP2 to inhibit their expression. miR‐122‐5p knockdown restrained breast cancer cell proliferation by targeting SPRY2 and FOXP2. Additionally, crocin increased SPRY2 and FOXP2 expression by inhibiting miR‐122‐5p expression. Together, our results suggested that crocin inhibited proliferation of breast cancer cells through decreasing miR‐122‐5p expression and the subsequent increase of SPRY2 and FOXP2 expression.
Characterization of the sublethal toxicity and transcriptome‐wide biological changes induced by λ‐cyhalothrin in Bombyx mori
Authors: Ren Yuying , Su Yue , Wang Wanwan , Li Fanchi , Sun Haina , Li Bing 
Published: March 2023

Abstractλ‐Cyhalothrin (λ‐cyh) is widely used in agricultural production and has been reported to cause damages to numerous nontarget insects. As an important economic and model insect of Lepidoptera, Bombyx mori was extremely sensitive to λ‐cyh, and pesticide drift often leads to silkworm poisoning. However, little is known about the persistence of sublethal effects or the potential recovery from short‐term exposure to sublethal doses of pesticides. In this study, we estimated the sublethal effects caused by short‐term exposure (24 h) of λ‐cyh LC1, LC10, LC25, and LC50, respectively, and investigated the persistent negative effects on the growth, survival, and pupal metamorphosis of silkworm larvae. Silkworm growth was mostly retarded after λ‐cyh exposure, with dose‐dependent recovery observed at delayed time points. Relative to the control, the treatment groups showed significantly higher larval mortalities and abnormal pupa rates. Additionally, transcriptome sequencing was conducted to investigate the effects of λ‐cyh LC10 on the normal physiological functions in the midgut of B. mori. A total of 2697 differentially expressed genes were identified, and 57.1% of DEGs were down‐regulated. Gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes enrichment analysis further revealed that energy and nutrient metabolisms were negatively affected. Moreover, we demonstrated that sublethal λ‐cyh inhibited the oxidative phosphorylation pathway by reducing the expression of mitochondrial electron transport chain complex genes and consequently the synthesis of ATP. This study has provided useful transcriptome‐wide expression resources to facilitate the overall knowledge of the molecular basis of sublethal toxicity caused by λ‐cyh in the midgut of B. mori.