bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innovative Geomechanical Approaches to Hydraulic Fracturing and Carbon Capture: A Comprehensive Case Study in Tight Gas Reservoirs of Oman
Authors: Alyaaribi Aflah , Khalid Hinai Hinai , Al-Ghaithi Ali 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT:
This study explores advancements in hydraulic fracturing and carbon capture utilization (CCU) in the tight gas formations of Oman. By integrating geological, geomechanical, and operational data, this research improves hydraulic fracturing effectiveness and evaluates the feasibility of CCU in depleted reservoirs. Key results include optimized fracture designs tailored for gas extraction and improved models predicting CO2 containment integrity in post-depletion environments. Findings advance Oman's goals of maximizing hydrocarbon recovery while preparing reservoirs for sustainable CO2 storage.

1. INTRODUCTION
The extraction of hydrocarbons from tight sandstone formations, especially in Oman, requires cutting-edge hydraulic fracturing techniques and a detailed understanding of geomechanical properties (Economides & Nolte, 2000). The complexity of these reservoirs, influenced by regional tectonics, formation heterogeneity, and reservoir depletion, has prompted the need for advanced modeling to maximize extraction efficiency and prepare for carbon storage (Fjaer et al., 2008). Additionally, with Oman targeting net-zero carbon emissions by 2050, optimizing depleted reservoirs for CCU presents both challenges and opportunities (PDO Report, 2021).
This study aims to (1) enhance hydraulic fracturing efficiency in tight gas reservoirs, and (2) assess the geomechanical feasibility of CCU in depleted sections. By coupling geomechanical and geological models, our approach enables effective fracturing, while ensuring long-term containment integrity for CO2 storage.

2. GEOMECHANICAL ANALYSES
Several predictive approaches have been formulated to assess depth-dependent variations in minimum horizontal stress (Shmin) within thin, stratified reservoirs, particularly in complex, laminated formations like the Amin reservoirs. These methods primarily utilize well log data coupled with in-situ stress measurements, with diagnostic fracture injection tests (DFITs) commonly serving as a calibration tool. DFITs, a subset of hydraulic fracture (HF) diagnostics frequently used in tight formations, estimate Shmin by analyzing pressure decline post-shut-in, providing crucial insights into local stress regimes. However, the vertical heterogeneity of unconventional reservoirs often restricts the availability of DFIT data across the full stratigraphic column, presenting challenges in capturing complete subsurface stress variations.
Solids Production Geomechanics Evaluation in a Fractured/Vuggy Carbonate Reservoir from Abu Dhabi Offshore Field: Exploring the Parameter Space with Advanced Finite Element Simulations
Authors: Bere Adam , Karytinos Ioannis , Kato Jun , Pourpak Hamid , Su Kun , Bikong Christian 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT:
Solids production can occur in carbonate rocks even with high strength matrix, because of presence of natural fractures and vuggy or weak zones. Solid production is known to be a common factor in many oil and gas producing wells in carbonate reservoirs both at the early production period but also in later life of a reservoir under depleted conditions. There are many geomechanical material properties affecting the magnitude and behaviour of solids production. As part of the work done for a previous paper, a finite element model for an open-hole configuration was built to simulate a real case of solids production on a carbonate reservoir located in Abu Dhabi Offshore Field. This model was further enhanced to be extensively utilised for the scope of the current paper. Several simulations are conducted varying numerous geomechanical material properties of the model to assess the influence of each one of them on the magnitude and behaviour of the solids production. This assessment provides a comprehensive correlation between the variation of each geomechanical material property and the effect it has upon the amount and pattern of solids production. The assessment above and any possible future assessments of this type could guide the choice of completion and help the solid management decisions for the development of such carbonate reservoirs.

1. INTRODUCTION
Solids production is a common industry dilemma in balancing efficient production volumes with damaging solids entering the well and top-side facilities. However, it should also be considered that solids production can occur in carbonate rocks, even with high strength matrix, due to the presence of natural fractures and vuggy or weak zones. A previous paper, (Pourpak et al., 2024) conducted a detailed postmortem analysis of solids produced from a fractured/vuggy carbonate reservoir from an Abu Dhabi offshore field. This analysis provided valuable insights regarding the mechanisms of solids production, and was supplemented with calibrated advanced finite element simulations. This paper further develops the modelling to explore the geomechanical parameters space of downhole and drilling conditions which may affect the volumes of solids produced. This aims to provide general guidance for operations in circumstances where data acquisition may be limited.
Data-Driven Intelligent Optimization Design of Fracturing Stage and Cluster Locations: A Case Study
Authors: He Xiaodong , Li Jie , Xu Shengjiang , Hu Shimeng , Sheng Mao , Si Lijuan , Jiang Fumin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT:
Jimsar shale oil represents a significant unconventional oil and gas resource within China's ultra-deep tight reservoirs. Multistage hydraulic fracturing with multi-cluster perforation in horizontal wells is one of the key technologies for developing Jimsar shale oil. However, due to the characteristics of Jimsar's reservoir, such as ultra-deep, low permeability, strong heterogeneity, and dispersed sweet spots, there are challenges including non-activation of some fracturing clusters and low production contribution. Therefore, it is crucial to comprehensively consider both geological and engineering sweet spots when optimizing the positioning of fracturing stages and clusters. In this paper, reservoir petrophysical properties were classified to characterize the geological sweet spots in horizontal wells, and a K-means clustering algorithm was applied to establish an intelligent optimization model for selecting fracturing stages. Additionally, the downhole mechanical specific energy was used to characterize the rock's mechanical strength, which served as the basis for selecting the optimal engineering sweet spot for fracturing cluster positioning. Finally, practical factors such as field operations, casing collar locations, and bridge plug positions were integrated to achieve balanced fracture initiation. The research results provide a new method for intelligent design of fracturing stage and cluster positioning in hydraulic fracturing, aiming to achieve uniform initiation of multi-cluster fractures and enhance production.

1. INTRODUCTION
The Jimsar Sag is an important demonstration area for shale oil development in China (Hu et al. 2022), with horizontal wells combined with multistage hydraulic fracturing being the key technology for developing this reservoir. The Lucaogou Formation oil reservoir in the Jimsar Sag, a primary lacustrine mixed-type shale oil reservoir currently under exploration and development, represents a major oil and gas exploration area in the Junggar Basin (Chen et al. 2024). This reservoir is characterized by deep burial, low porosity, low permeability, strong heterogeneity, and dispersed sweet spots, leading to uneven stimulation effects during multistage hydraulic fracturing (Wu et al. 2024).
Rapid Field-Scale CO2 Storage Simulation Tool with Geomechanically Constrained Fault Leakage
Authors: Ramachandran Hariharan , Musa Ikhwanul Hafizi , Tan Chee Phuat , Geiger Sebastian , Doster Florian 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT:
Geological carbon dioxide (CO2) storage is vital for climate change mitigation, but CO2 leakage, particularly through faults, poses significant risks. Accurately simulating the impact of fault properties across scales is crucial for predicting field-scale CO2 injection and storage outcomes. However, this task is challenging due to limited knowledge, data scarcity, and computational constraints. This study introduces a fast tool for CO2 leakage risk assessment that addresses these challenges. The tool combines a vertically integrated reservoir model with an upscaled fault leakage function based on source/sink relations. It conceptualizes faults as zones of increased vertical permeability in the caprock and reduced horizontal permeability in the reservoir. A steady-state flow approximation estimates CO2 leakage along faults. Geomechanical effects on fluid flow are modeled by coupling fault porosity and permeability, amongst several other parameters with effective stress using constitutive relations. A decoupled method based on Geertsma's uniaxial expansion coefficient, assuming zero lateral strain and constant total vertical stress is used here. Example simulations are shown to illustrate the impact of geomechanically constrained fault parameters such as capillary entry pressure and permeability on fault leakage. The fast model presented in this study is a valuable tool for identifying uncertainties in key fault parameters and other constitutive relations that affect the behavior of the storage reservoir and potential fault leakage outcomes.

1. INTRODUCTION
Geological carbon dioxide (CO2) storage, particularly in saline aquifers, is essential for mitigating climate change (Krevor et al., 2023). These aquifers have substantial storage capacities, but successful implementation relies on secure containment of CO2. Leakage poses risks to mitigation efforts and undermines public trust in Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS). Faults are critical in this context, as they can either act as structural traps that confine CO2 or serve as leakage pathways (Knipe et al., 1998; Snippe et al., 2021). As CCS deployment increases, encountering faulted storage formations is inevitable. Faults are complex geological structures with a low-permeability core surrounded by a fractured damage zone, which can increase leakage potential (Fig. 1) (Rizzo et al., 2024). Fault leakage is influenced by various factors, including geometry, architecture, stress regime, and rock properties. Injection-induced changes can reactivate faults, potentially creating new leakage pathways. Sub-seismic fractures within damage zones introduce significant uncertainties in CCS operations due to limited understanding of their presence and properties.
Technologies to Mitigate Geomechanical Challenges of Deepwater Resource Development
Authors: Gupta M. , Ramli A. , Sedaralit F. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT:
Deep-water fields offer substantial opportunities due to their high reservoir quality, leading to significantly higher production rates and reserves per well compared to shallow-water fields. However, deep-water environments present unique engineering and geoscience challenges, particularly related to geomechanics. One of the key sub-surface characteristics of deep-water fields is mechanically weak formations, a result of the reduced lithological column being replaced by seawater. This translates to lower vertical stress, while pore pressure remains similar to shallow-water fields. These conditions pose several geomechanical challenges that impact drilling, completion, reservoir production, and overall reservoir management. Common issues in deep-water fields include drilling losses, sand production, and limited injectivity for pressure maintenance.
This paper assesses various technologies used to mitigate these risks and highlights that approaches successful in shallow-water fields may not directly translate to deep-water environments. Specifically, the methodologies discussed address four key areas of deep-water geomechanics: wellbore stability in low fracture gradient formations, sand production and prevention in unconsolidated formations, water injectivity in low minimum horizontal stress environments, and reservoir geomechanics for simulation modeling and production forecasting. For wellbore stability, stress mapping and careful well trajectory selection are essential to avoid collapse or fracturing during drilling. Sand production prevention in weak, unconsolidated formations requires optimized proppant selection and advanced completion techniques. Water injectivity is constrained by the risk of fault activation, necessitating precise control of injection rates to prevent fault slippage. Finally, incorporating geomechanics into reservoir simulation models improves production forecasting by accounting for stress-induced changes in reservoir properties such as porosity and permeability. This paper presents workflows, methodologies, and engineering solutions derived from actual field applications, offering a practical assessment of how to overcome the geomechanical challenges of deep-water developments.

1. INTRODUCTION
Deepwater environments present a unique set of geomechanical challenges due to the significant replacement of overburden rock with seawater, as depicted in Figure 1. This reduction in overburden results in lower vertical stress on the reservoirs in deepwater fields, as shown in Figure 2. Compared to shallow water fields, this shift in stress has far-reaching impacts on the subsurface characteristics and influences all stages of deepwater drilling and development. In particular, three key geomechanical challenges must be addressed: (i) drilling through formations with low fracture gradients, (ii) producing hydrocarbons from unconsolidated formations, and (iii) injecting water into formations with low minimum horizontal stress.
Ensuring Protection of Critical Turtle Nesting Habitat: 3D Geomechanical Modelling Estimates Production-Induced Subsidence at Torosa Field, Browse Basin, Australia
Authors: Nasreldin G. , Pallikathekathil Zachariah J. , McDonald A. , Mann S. , Pathmanathan M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT:
Coupled geomechanical approaches are imperative for optimizing field development planning. This paper concerns a subsidence study for Torosa field, Western Australia with a focus on the turtle nesting habitat at Sandy Islet—a sand accumulation located on the reef above the gas reservoirs. This involved building a 3D geomechanical model incorporating structural complexity and rock heterogeneity, followed by adopting a one-way coupling scheme to assess outcomes of three proposed development plans. For the scenario named "REF Case", the maximum predicted subsidence at the end of depletion is less than 51.8 mm at the centre of the field and less than 3 mm at Sandy Islet. The sensitivity analyses performed to account for uncertainty involved scaling down the Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio by 10% throughout the overburden. The results indicate that subsidence is insensitive to the variations of the overburden deformation properties but affected by the intensity and distribution of depletion.

1. INTRODUCTION
The petroleum industry had little appreciation in the early days of the field scale extension of geomechanical influences in the reservoir. The most evident manifestation of the consequences of production-induced stress changes is "subsidence"—a sinking of a surface, such as the ground level in an onshore area or the mudline in a submarine setting—relative to a stable reference point. Subsidence was first noticed in 1918 at the Goose Creek field, Texas, USA. Since then, petroleum geomechanics has come to play an increasingly important role in predicting and quantifying the effects of operations, with the obvious focus on mitigating the economic ramifications of subsidence.
This paper concerns the offshore Torosa gas field, Western Australia, with the key Jurassic reservoirs lying approximately 4000 m TVDSS beneath Scott Reef. The field had undergone an extensive appraisal drilling and seismic acquisition campaign between 2005 and 2012, and the Browse Joint Venture is seeking to develop Torosa field. The integrated geomechanical study presented herein is important to predict the impact of subsidence on a turtle nesting habitat at Sandy Islet—a sand accumulation located on the reef above the gas reservoirs.
Porównanie wpływu uwarunkowań przyrodniczych w uprawie kukurydzy na biogaz w latach 2022-2023
Authors: Puczel Bronisław , Szymoniak Wojciech , Puczel Jolanta , Ponichtera Piotr 
Published: January 2025

Badania przeprowadzono w gospodarstwie rolnym. Badania dotyczyły porównania wpływu uwarunkowań przyrodniczych w uprawie kukurydzy na biogaz w latach 2022-2023. Warunki glebowe, dobór odmiany oraz poprawna agrotechnika w ograniczony sposób kompensuje niekorzystne warunki pogodowe, co również stwierdzono w przypadku badań własnych. Opłacalność produkcji kukurydzy na biogaz warunkowana jest w dużej mierze korzystnym przebiegiem warunków pogodowych.
Trabalho infantil no Brasil: a importância das políticas públicas para sua erradicação
Authors: Alves Nathaly Martinez , Vicente Aparecido Renan , Leão Andreza Marques de Castro 
Published: January 2025

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apontar algumas considerações acerca do trabalho infantil no Brasil e das políticas públicas para sua erradicação, e está amparado nos moldes da pesquisa qualitativa, consistindo em uma revisão bibliográfica. A seleção dos materiais para esta revisão ocorreu a partir da leitura inicial dos títulos e resumos de trabalhos encontrados, os quais estão afinados à temática deste artigo e que foram apreciados na íntegra, a fim de que fosse possível compreendê-los com melhor exatidão. Ao término desse processo, somente estudos que dialogavam especificamente sobre a temática em voga foram incluídos. A leitura efetuada desvelou que a pobreza e a baixa escolaridade são algumas das principais causas do trabalho infantil, aliado a ineficácias das políticas públicas. Cabe advertir que mesmo depois da promulgação do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, principal lei que dispõe sobre a proteção integral a essa população e da criação do Programa de Erradicação do Trabalho Infantil (PETI), as estatísticas apontam o desafio da devida erradicação deste problema, o que evidencia que urge estudos voltados a dimensionar este fenômeno em uma perspectiva preventiva, e da efetivação dessas políticas, uma vez que, o trabalho infantil continua sendo um grave problema social que requer ser extinguido.
Mejora Continua en los procesos productivos en el área de SMT en la empresa manufacturera de componentes automotrices
Authors: Cervantes Zubirías Gabriela , Morales Rodríguez Mario Alberto , Díaz Martínez Marco Antonio , Camacho Sánchez Fátima Yedith , Alemán Castillo Sanjuana Elizabeth 
Published: January 2025

Las compañías con una elevada rotación de empleados generalmente son observadas dentro de una percepción común es que hay un punto de mejora con la empresa que prosiga desaprovechando al personal operativo durante un lapso significativo de tiempo. Además de la percepción negativa, las elevadas tasas de rotación también reembolsan a la empresa generando costos y tiempo muerto. El propósito de esta investigación es establecer los factores que influyen en el personal operativo de la empresa manufacturera dedicada a la fabricación de componentes automotrices en el área de SMT del primer turno. La metodología aplicada fue tipo descriptiva y cuantitativa aplicando una encuesta. Los resultados que impactaron en esta investigación fueron determinantes donde el factor que influye es el salario que perciben mensualmente, así como las prestaciones que se les proporcional y se pudo demostrar que no es el trato que reciben por parte de los jefes inmediatos. Por lo que el 60 % de los encuestados determinaron que creen que sería justo que asciendan en el puesto en un plazo mínimo de seis meses y el 100 % determino que en otra compañía estarían teniendo más oportunidades de crecimiento.
De espantapájaros a sufragistas: la emergencia de una subjetividad femenina en Colombia
Authors: Arias Lancheros Javier Ricardo , Galindo Ángel José Bernardo 
Published: January 2025

Este artículo forma parte de la investigación sobre la mujer y la universidad en la década de 1930 en Colombia, cuyo desarrollo es llevado a cabo en la Maestría en Educación de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional. Su aporte principal radica en mostrar las luchas, avatares y tensiones de la mujer colombiana en un espacio diferente al del hogar. Fue el Congreso Internacional Femenino el que permitió no solo poner en evidencia su condición de meras amas de casa, sino también sus reclamos sobre el voto popular. Tales exigencias se dieron en medio de burlas, escándalos y rechazo social. Cualquiera que fueran las razones que criticaron dicho proyecto, aquellas mujeres expusieron claramente sus ideas, apelando a una elocuencia notable que fundamentaba su participación independiente en espacios públicos. Esto configuró una emergencia constitutiva de la subjetividad femenina, concebida más allá de los quehaceres domésticos, ocupando así espacios laborales y universitarios.
بررسی دیدگاه ابوریحان البیرونی پیرامون دریافت طول شعاع کره زمین
Authors: سرهنگ منیژه 
Published: January 2025

در این مقاله یک نظراندازی مختصر به‌کارکردهای ریاضی‌دانان قبل از ابوریحان محمدبن احمد البیرونی در بخش هندسه گردیده است و به تعقیب آن با استفاده از روش‌های ریاضی‌دانان قبلی آن، میتودهای البیرونی مورد مناقشه قرار ګرفته و این میتـودها در تحقیقات علمی دریچـه‌های مختلف را برای ریاضی‌دانان باز نمود. در این‌جا روش که به کمک آن طول شـعاع زمین را محاسبه کرده می‌توانیم مناقـشه گـردیده اسـت. بنابراین، استفاده ریاضی‌دانان معاصر از روش ذکر شدۀ ابو ریحان محمد بن احمد البیرونی و در حال حاضر استعمال و انکشاف دست‎آوردهای روش مذکور مناقشه شده است.
د بامیه پر ودی او حاصل باندی د سودیم کلوراید اغیزی
Authors: سالک عبدالولید , ملک حکمت الله , علی پور حسن 
Published: January 2025

دا څیړنه په پلاستیکی ګلدانو کی د تصادفی بشپړ بلاک ډیزاین (RCBD) په کړنلاره ترسره شوه ترڅو د مالګینو اوبو اغیزی د بامیه پر ودی او حاصل باندی څرګندی شی. څلور ټرتمنټونه چی د سودیم کلوراید مالګی مختلف غلظتونه (0.0mM، 5mM، 10mM، او 20mM) یی لرل د بامیه د ودی موسم کی کارول شوی دی. د لومړی ټرټمنټ (کنترل ټرټمنټ) تخم ټوکیدنه 98 فیصد لاسته راغله، او د څلورم ټرټمنټ تخم ټوکیدنه 53 فیصد محاسبه شوی ده. د پاڼی اوږدوالی په‌کنترل ټرټمنټ کی 9.7 سانتی‌متر، یه څلورم ټرټمنټ کی 6.8 سانتی‌متر ثبت شوی دی. د بامیه قد په دویم ټرټمنټ کی تر ټولو ټرټمنټو څخه لوړ، 15.6 سانتی‌متر او په څلورم ټرټمنټ کی 13.87 سانتی‌متر ثبت شوی دی. همدارنګه د نیلو اوږدوالی په کنټرول ټرټمنټ کی لوړ 15.37 سانتی‌متراو په څلورم ټرټمنټ کی 8.7 سانتی‌متر محاسبه شوی دی. د کنترول ټرټمنټ میوی وزنkg/ha6904 او څلورم ټرټمنټونو میوی وزنkg/ha3100 لاسته ته راغلی دی.
مطالعه نقش بیوشیمیکی ویتامین سی (اسکوربیک اسید) در بدن حیوان
Authors: ستانکزی نسرین 
Published: January 2025

ویتامین‎ها مواد مغذی عضوی اند که مقدارهای کمی از آن‎ها برای انجام فعالیت‎های مختلف بیوشیمیک ضروری می‎باشد. ویتامین‎ها در بدن نقش کوانزایم را در تعاملات به عهده دارند و کم‎بود آن‎ها در مواد غذایی موجب بروز اختلالات میتابولیزمی در بدن می‎شوند. از جمله‌ی آن‎ها یکی هم ویتامین‌سی (C)است که خاصیت آنتی‌اکسیدانت آن در سنگ‎پشت‎ها رسیده است و موجب محافظت جلد در مقابل آثار مخرب اشعه ماورای بنفش‌نور آفتاب گردیده باعث جذب بهتر آهن در بدن شده و خاصیت آنتی‌اکسیدانت‌آن حجرات را از فشار اکسیدیشن در سکته‌ی‌مغزی نجات می‎دهد. ویتامین‌سی به قسم مواد محافظوی در غذای حیوانات خانگی استفاده می‎شود. نقش بیوشیمیک ویتامین‌سی در بدن حیوان عبارت از بیوسنتیز کولاجن، بیوسنتیز کارنیتین، هایدروکسیلیشن دوپامین، هایدروکسیلیشن هورمون‏های ستیرویید، دواهای اروماتیک و سرطان‌زا در میکروزوم‎های جگر، هایدروکسیلیشن کولیستیرول برای سنتیز اسید صفراوی می‎باشد.