bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lead migration rate in dorsal root ganglion stimulation using lead anchoring techniques: A follow‐up study
Authors: Chapman Kenneth B. , Yousef Tariq , Amireh Ahmad , Kallewaard Jan Willem , van Helmond Noud 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundLead anchoring has previously been shown to reduce the rate of dorsal root ganglion stimulation (DRG‐S) lead migration. The aim of this study was to assess longer‐term follow‐up and consistency of lead migration prevention with lead anchoring in a new cohort of patients.MethodsWe performed a retrospective chart review from September 2017 to November 2022 of all patients who had DRG‐S implants at our institute to identify the number of lead migrations that occurred over this period. The first cohort consisted of patients reported on in a previous publication (implanted from September 2017 through September 2020) subdivided into unanchored or anchored lead groups. The second cohort consisted of patients implanted during or after October 2020 who were not previously reported on for whom leads were anchored using silastic anchoring only.ResultsAt the November 2022 data cutoff, in the initial cohort, 8 migrations had occurred in unanchored leads over an average follow‐up of 49 months, equating to a migration rate of 9.1% per lead. Patients with anchored leads in the initial cohort experienced 2 migrations over an average follow‐up of 38 months (0.7% migration rate per lead). There were no new lead migrations in these groups over the extended follow‐up reported here. The migration rate in the new cohort was similar, with 1 migration over an average follow‐up of 13 months (0.5% migration rate per lead).ConclusionThese results underscore the necessity of anchor placement during DRG‐S lead implantation to prevent lead migration.
Competition co‐immunoprecipitation reveals the interactors of the chloroplast CPN60 chaperonin machinery
Authors: Ries Fabian , Weil Heinrich Lukas , Herkt Claudia , Mühlhaus Timo , Sommer Frederik , Schroda Michael , Willmund Felix 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe functionality of all metabolic processes in chloroplasts depends on a balanced integration of nuclear‐ and chloroplast‐encoded polypeptides into the plastid's proteome. The chloroplast chaperonin machinery is an essential player in chloroplast protein folding under ambient and stressful conditions, with a more intricate structure and subunit composition compared to the orthologous GroEL/ES chaperonin of Escherichia coli. However, its exact role in chloroplasts remains obscure, mainly because of very limited knowledge about the interactors. We employed the competition immunoprecipitation method for the identification of the chaperonin's interactors in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Co‐immunoprecipitation of the target complex in the presence of increasing amounts of isotope‐labelled competitor epitope and subsequent mass spectrometry analysis specifically allowed to distinguish true interactors from unspecifically co‐precipitated proteins. Besides known substrates such as RbcL and the expected complex partners, we revealed numerous new interactors with high confidence. Proteins that qualify as putative substrate proteins differ from bulk chloroplast proteins by a higher content of beta‐sheets, lower alpha‐helical conformation and increased aggregation propensity. Immunoprecipitations targeted against a subunit of the co‐chaperonin lid revealed the ClpP protease as a specific partner complex, pointing to a close collaboration of these machineries to maintain protein homeostasis in the chloroplast.
Epistemic control without voluntarism
Authors: Kearl Timothy R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIt is tempting to think (though many deny) that epistemic agents exercise a distinctive kind of control over their belief‐like attitudes. My aim here is to sketch a “bottom‐up” model of epistemic agency, one that draws on an analogous model of practical agency, according to which an agent's conditional beliefs are reasons‐responsive planning states that initiate and sustain mental behavior so as to render controlled.
Synergistic effects of follicle‐stimulating hormone and epidermal growth factor on in vitro maturation and parthenogenetic development of red‐rumped agouti oocytes
Authors: Praxedes Érika A. , Santos Maria Valéria de O. , de Oliveira Lhara Ricarliany M. , de Aquino Leonardo Vitorino C. , de Oliveira Moacir F. , Pereira Alexsandra F. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAlthough oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM) is routinely used for in vitro embryo production in mice and rats, its use in wild rodents remains unexplored. Evidence suggests that hormone and growth factor supplementation influence oocyte meiotic resumption. This study evaluated the synergistic effects of follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) on the IVM and parthenogenetic development of red‐rumped agouti oocytes. Initially, we evaluated the IVM rates, mature oocyte quality, oocyte morphometry, and early embryonic development during IVM in the presence of 10, 50, and 75 mIU/mL FSH. No differences among the FSH concentrations were observed for IVM rates, oocyte morphometry, cumulus cell expansion, and viability. Although oocytes matured with 50 mIU/mL FSH showed a higher rate of cumulus expansion index (CEI), only oocytes matured with 10 mIU/mL FSH resulted in morulae after chemical activation (7.9% ± 4.2%). Thus, 10 mIU/mL FSH was used for further experiments. We subsequently evaluated the synergistic effects of 10, 50, and 100 ng/mL EGF and 10 mIU/mL FSH on the same parameters. No differences among the groups were observed in IVM rates, oocyte morphometry, and cumulus viability. Nevertheless, FSH with 10 ng/mL EGF showed a CEI superior to that of the other groups. Furthermore, oocytes matured with FSH alone or with both FSH and 10 or 50 ng/mL EGF developed morulae after activation (5.8%–8.3%). In conclusion, oocytes matured with 10 mIU/mL FSH and 10 ng/mL EGF are recommended for use in red‐rumped agouti oocyte IVM, as they positively influence embryonic development.
Morphometric assessment of cryopreserved livestock bull spermatozoa in the tropics
Authors: Víquez Luis , Sevilla Francisco , Araya‐Zúñiga Ignacio , Soler Carles , Barquero Vinicio , Roldan Eduardo R. S. , Valverde Anthony 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe identification of different morphometric patterns of spermatozoa serves as a basis for improving our understanding of the diversity in an ejaculate and to relate them to the potential fertility of males. In this study, we aimed to examine the semen subpopulation structure, following dilution in semen of extenders, using a mathematical approach a possible application to fertility analyses. Ten sexually mature Bos taurus bulls were randomly allotted to one of three groups: (1) Tris–citric acid–egg yolk extender (Tris‐EY); (2) commercial egg yolk extender OptiXcell® and (3) commercial egg yolk extender Triladyl®. The results showed significant differences (p < .05) between extenders in terms of values for head size and head shape variables of individual sperm, indicating an influence of extender composition. Sperm head width was found to significantly differ (p < .05) according to the extender, decreasing in the following order: OptiXcell® (4.836 ± 0.017 μm), Triladyl® (4.695 ± 0.012 μm) and Tris‐EY (4.638 ± 0.010 μm). Principal component analysis allowed us to identify two subpopulations in OptiXcell®, and three subpopulations were each found in Triladyl® and Tris‐EY. Overall, we observed significant differences between sperm subpopulations within each extender (p < .05), with differences in sperm head size and shape between bovine species that can be related to functionality and fertility capabilities.
Asset accumulation, financial inclusion and subjective well‐being: The role of financial formality in South Africa's households
Authors: Chipunza Kudakwashe Joshua , Fanta Ashenafi Beyene 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAsset building and financial inclusion programmes have contributed to the enhancement of consumers' welfare through asset accumulation. Employing the FinScope consumer survey for South Africa, we extended the analysis of the relationship between financial inclusion and asset holding by examining whether this, in turn, improves consumers' subjective well‐being (SWB). Financial inclusion was captured by credit, savings, and insurance whereas multiple correspondence analysis was employed to compute an asset index that captured indicators of individual material possessions. Results from the partial least squares path model suggested that financial inclusion had an indirect positive association with consumers' SWB through increased asset holding, but the association was more pronounced via formal channels of saving, credit, and insurance. As such, social policymakers are encouraged to integrate access to insurance, credit, and savings through formal channels in poverty interventions since this has a greater indirect association with consumers' SWB via increased asset ownership.
TanshinoneIIA inhibits melanocyte pyroptosis by regulating the ROS/NLRP3 signaling axis
Authors: Li Xiaosha , Tang Shiyang , Wang Haizhen , Li Xin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundPyroptosis has been implicated in the development of human diseases, including vitiligo. TanshinoneIIA has been confirmed to play anti‐vitiligo role. However, whether tanshinoneIIA inhibits vitiligo progression via regulating cell pyroptosis remains unclear.MethodsHydrogen peroxide (H2O2)‐induced melanocytes were used to mimic vitiligo cell model in vitro. Cell viability was assessed by cell counting kit 8 assay, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was detected by DCFH‐DA staining. Nod‐like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) expression was detected by quantitative real‐time PCR, western blot and immunofluorescence staining. Cell pyroptosis was measured using flow cytometry, and the contents of interleukin‐1β and interleukin‐18 were determined by ELISA. Besides, the protein levels of apoptosis‐associated speck‐like protein containing CARD (ASC) and cleaved‐Caspase‐1 were examined by western blot analysis.ResultsH2O2 could induce ROS production, NLRP3 expression and pyroptosis in melanocytes. TanshinoneIIA inhibited ROS production, pyroptosis, and the expression of NLRP3, ASC and cleaved‐caspase‐1 in H2O2‐induced melanocytes. Compared with the function of ROS inhibitor (NAC), tanshinoneIIA acted as a ROS scavenger to relieve melanocyte pyroptosis. In addition, NLRP3 inhibitor (MCC950) also could aggravate the inhibition effect of tanshinoneIIA on melanocyte pyroptosis.ConclusionTanshinoneIIA suppressed melanocyte pyroptosis probably through modulating the ROS/NLRP3 signaling axis, which provides the evidence for therapeutic effect in vitiligo.
Application of double‐tube negative pressure drainage in repair of refractory wounds
Authors: Sun Qing‐Qing , Yan Lei , Cai Jia , Zhan Hong‐Bo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo observe the application effect of double‐tube negative pressure drainage in the repair of refractory wounds.MethodsFrom January 2020 to April 2023, 50 patients undergoing refractory wound repair in the Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery of Jingjiang People's Hospital, Jiangsu were selected. According to different treatment methods, they were divided into an observation group and a control group, with 25 patients in each group. The observation group was treated with double‐tube negative pressure drainage inside and outside the wound, while the control group was treated with negative pressure drainage inside the wound. By two‐week observation, the wound healing status and complication rate after treatment, as well as the wound bacterial clearance rate, wound pain score and patient satisfaction 3, 7 and 14 d after treatment were compared between the two groups. Statistical analysis was carried out to determine the efficacy.ResultsAfter treatment for two weeks, the observation group showed a higher grade A healing rate (92% vs. 60%, X2 = 7.018, P = 0.008), a higher wound bacterial clearance rate (100% vs. 76%, X2 = 6.818, P = 0.03), a lower pain score (1.44 ± 0.51 vs. 2.36 ± 0.49, t = ‐6.53, P < 0.01), a higher patient satisfaction score (8.48 ± 0.96 vs. 6.64 ± 0.95, t = 6.80, P < 0.01), and a lower complication rate (8% vs. 40%, X2= 7.018, P = 0.008) compared with the control group.ConclusionDouble‐tube negative pressure drainage has a significant application effect in the repair of refractory wounds. It can accelerate wound healing, shorten treatment time, effectively eliminate bacteria, relieve wound infection, reduce complications, alleviate pain and improve patient satisfaction. Therefore, the application, promotion and research of double‐tube negative pressure drainage should be strengthened in clinical practice.
Reframing morning report: Cognitive simulation in a safe space
Authors: Villacres Sindy , Hinds Autumn , Fagan Heather , Kahana Madelyn 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundVarious purposes for morning report (MR), in addition to education, have been cited in the literature. Learners can find traditional MR challenging secondary to a perceived lack of psychological safety, the sense that they are being evaluated. Despite the recognition of unsafe learning environments, there is a paucity of literature on how to promote psychological safety in the MR setting.ApproachOur aim was to create an MR format utilizing scientifically proven teaching strategies to enhance its educational value. The creation of a safe learning environment was at the forefront of this initiative. Using Kern's six steps of curriculum development, we describe one institution's experience in reframing the morning report experience.ResultsWe conducted a pilot trial of the new MR with 35 paediatric residents beginning in July 2020 and followed the resident experience over 2 years. The primary outcome was attitudinal data as measured via a Likert scale. We found that by the second‐year post‐curricular implementation, greater than 50% of residents were less hesitant to participate in conference, increased their practice of retrieval and perceived feeling more prepared for examinations as the curriculum progressed.ImplicationsWe believe the use of proven teaching strategies based in the cognitive psychology of learning can enhance the quality of education. Furthermore, we believe that central to the success of learning is the perception that the classroom is a safe space to be wrong. This model can serve as a steppingstone for institutions that look to improve their MR series.
From Hegemonic to Where? The Public Spatialities of Shifting Positionings for Those Who Are Opposed to/Concerned About Socio‐Legal Changes in Sexual and Genders
Authors: Browne Kath , Nash Catherine J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn 21st‐century Ireland, Canada and the Great Britain, significant changes to sexual and gender legislation, abortion access and associated social and cultural life include the legalisation of same‐sex marriage, employment rights, access to abortion and self‐identification/gender recognition. This paper draws on interviews from the Beyond Opposition research to explore the experiences of those who are concerned about and/or actively oppose these socio‐legal changes. We consider participants understandings of themselves as losing power within social relations and the ways in which their positionings can be seen as excluded or marginalised in public spaces. Examining their experiences of public space offers insights into experiences of new power relations, including state sanctions, that contest binaries of marginalisation/privilege. These positions between marginalisation/privilege, illustrate the effectiveness and limitations of framing these views as ‘unacceptable’ in public arenas. Operating between marginal/privileged requires a reworking of these 20th Century paradigms for 21st Century social divisions.
Nontuberculous mycobacterial infections in patients with hematologic malignancies and recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: El Zein Said , Mendoza Maria A. , Wilson John W. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe incidence of mycobacterial infections in patients with hematologic malignancies and hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients is increasing, contributing to significant mortality and morbidity. This review explores the epidemiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in this population.MethodsA literature search was performed using PubMed with keywords and MeSH terms pertaining to the topics of nontuberculous mycobacteria, hematologic malignancies, hematopoietic stem cell transplant, cellular therapies, chimeric antigen therapies, epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Additionally, we examined the reference lists of the included articles to identify other pertinent studies.ResultsDiagnosing mycobacterial disease among patients with hematologic disease and treatment‐associated immunosuppressive conditions is challenging due to the lack of distinctive clinical, radiographic, and laboratory markers, as well as the atypical manifestations compared to immunocompetent patients. Treatment involves using a combination of antibiotics for extended durations, coupled with strategies to achieve source control and reduce immunosuppression when feasible. This is complicated by the absence of clear data correlating in‐vitro drug susceptibility and clinical outcome for many antimicrobials use to treat NTM, adverse drug‐drug interactions, and the frequent challenges related to poor medication tolerability and toxicities.ConclusionThe rising incidence and corresponding clinical challenges of mycobacterial infections in this unique patient population necessitate a heightened awareness and familiarity of NTM disease by clinicians to achieve timely diagnosis and favorable treatment outcomes.
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What's ‘left’ for a ‘geopolitical Europe’?
Authors: Bialasiewicz Luiza 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHow can political geographers bring their critical tools to questioning the EU's ‘geopolitical turn’? This commentary challenges the narrative of an EU‐wide ‘Zeitenwende’, pointing out some of the limitations of a ‘geopolitical Europe’ as it is being envisioned currently, while also noting the divided geographies of Europeans’ support for continued military assistance to Ukraine. In closing, the piece points to some of the perils of the rhetoric of ‘no alternative’ in EU geopolitics, noting how it risks leaving the discursive space open to illiberal political forces.
Platelet transfusion in critical care: A new method to analyze transfusion practice based on decision time intervals
Authors: Dzik Walter Sunny , Healy Brian , Brunker Patricia , Ruby Kristen , Collins Julia , Paik Hyun‐il , Berra Lorenzo , Shelton Kenneth , North Crystal M. , Makar Robert 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundWhile prior studies of platelet transfusion in critical care have focused on transfusions given, proper analysis of clinical transfusion practice also requires consideration of the decision not to transfuse.Study Design and MethodsWe introduce a new method to assess transfusion practice based on decision time intervals (DTIs). Each patient's intensive care (ICU) stay was segmented into a series of DTIs defined by a time interval following results of a complete blood count (CBC). We studied the presence of 17 clinical factors during each DTI whether transfusion was given or not. We used a generalized linear mixed model to assess the most influential clinical triggers for platelet transfusion.ResultsAmong 6125 ICU patients treated between October 2016 and October 2021, we analyzed 39,745 DTIs among patients (n = 2921) who had at least one DTI with thrombocytopenia (≤150,000/μL). We found no association between platelet count and two markers of bleeding: drop in hemoglobin and chest tube drainage. We found that the majority of DTIs were associated with no platelet transfusion regardless of the platelet count; that no specific platelet value triggered transfusion; but rather that multiple clinical factors in conjunction with the platelet count influenced the decision to transfuse.DiscussionDTI analysis represents a new method to assess transfusion practice that considers both transfusions given and not given, and that analyzes clinical circumstances present when decisions regarding transfusion are made. The method is easily adapted to blood components other than platelet transfusions and is easily extended to other ICU and other hospital settings.
A new look to the tourism and economic growth nexus: A clustering and panel causality analysis
Authors: Albaladejo Isabel P. , Brida Juan Gabriel , González‐Martínez María Isabel , Segarra Verónica 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper explores the dynamic relationship between tourism and economic growth using panel data for 144 countries over the period 1995–2019. The study was carried out in two steps. First, the set of countries was classified by considering simultaneously two criteria, tourism and the economic development of the countries over time. Two classifications of homogeneous countries with four clusters each are obtained using a non‐parametric methodology and two tourism indicators. Second, the Granger causality was tested for each of the identified groups and the entire sample. The results determined that there were significant differences between clusters and that causality from tourism to economic growth could only be verified for the group of countries with low income and low tourism. This relationship was confirmed by estimating impulse response functions, which showed a positive response of economic growth to innovations in tourism. The tourism sector could, therefore, be a way out of poverty and generate development and prosperity in low‐income countries that are in the early stages of tourism development.
On vacuum free boundary problems in ideal compressible magnetohydrodynamics
Authors: Secchi Paolo , Trakhinin Yuri , Wang Tao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe survey some recent results on vacuum free boundary problems in three‐dimensional ideal compressible magnetohydrodynamics, restate the main theorems in our works (Secchi and Trakhinin, Nonlinearity 27(1) (2014) 105–169; Trakhinin and Wang, Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 239(2) (2021) 1131–1176; Trakhinin and Wang, Math. Ann. 383(1–2) (2022) 761–808; Trakhinin and Wang, SIAM J. Math. Anal. 54(6) (2022) 5888–5921), and provide an alternative proof for the linear well‐posedness of the full plasma–vacuum interface problem under the noncollinearity condition.
Monodromy of subrepresentations and irreducibility of low degree automorphic Galois representations
Authors: Hui Chun Yin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLet be a smooth, separated, geometrically connected scheme defined over a number field and a system of semisimple ‐adic representations of the étale fundamental group of such that for each closed point of , the specialization is a compatible system of Galois representations under mild local conditions. For almost all , we prove that any type A irreducible subrepresentation of is residually irreducible. When is totally real or CM, , and is the compatible system of Galois representations of attached to a regular algebraic, polarized, cuspidal automorphic representation of , for almost all , we prove that is (i) irreducible and (ii) residually irreducible if in addition .