bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health behaviours of patients with affective disorders: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Górna Krystyna , Szpalik Renata , Rybakowski Janusz K. , Jaracz Krystyna 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Severe mental disorders, including affective disorders (AD), are associated with high rates of physical illnesses that lead to premature patient death. Excess somatic comorbidity may be partially explained by lifestyle factors. This study aimed to investigate the health behaviours (HBs) of patients with AD in comparison to the HBs of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and healthy controls (HCs) and to examine associations among HBs and sociodemographic and clinical factors, subjective quality of life and health status, and health locus of control.

Methods
The sample consisted of 108 patients with AD, including 60 with bipolar disorder (BP) and 48 with unipolar disorder (UAD). Analyses included comparisons with a subgroup of AD individuals, patients with T2D and HCs matched in age and sex. The Health Behaviour Inventory was used to evaluate the overall levels of HBs and 4 HB categories. To identify independent determinants of health behaviours, a multivariate linear regression analysis was performed with factors identified as significant in bivariate analyses.

Results
Most AD patients had a low level of HBs (40%), followed by moderate (35%) and high levels (25%), and there were no significant differences in HBs between the BP and UAD groups. Compared with the T2D and HC groups, the AD group had a significantly lower level of overall HBs and lower levels of HBs in one of the categories. Independent predictors of overall HBs were quality of life (β = 0.28, p < 0.001), age (β = 0.27, p = 0.002), and depressive symptoms (β = 0.23, p = 0.008). A total of 30% of the variance in HBs was explained.

Conclusions
These findings emphasise the need for a systematic assessment of single and multiple health behaviours to provide better care for patients with AD and reduce the potential adverse effects of an unhealthy lifestyle.
Effects of a community-level intervention on maternal health care utilization in a resource-poor setting of Northern Ghana
Authors: Kassim Alex Bapula , Newton Sam Kofi , Dormechele William , Rahinatu Beatrice Baah , Yanbom Clement Tiimim , Yankson Isaac Kofi , Otupiri Easmon 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to assess the effects of health education and community-level participatory interventions at the community level and the use of community maternal health promoters on the utilization of maternal health care services in poor rural settings of northern Ghana.

Methods
A randomized controlled survey design was conducted from June 2019 to July 2020 in two rural districts of northern Ghana. A multistage cluster sampling technique was used to select the participants. Data were collected from a repeated cross-sectional household survey. Descriptive analysis, bivariate and covariates adjusted simple logistic regression analyses were performed using STATA version 16 statistical software.

Results
At post-intervention, the two groups differed significantly in terms of ANC (p = 0.001), skilled delivery (SD) (p = 0.003), and PNC (p < 0.0001). Women who received health education on obstetric danger signs had improved knowledge by 50% at the end of the study. Women who received the health education intervention (HEI) on practices related to ANC and skilled delivery had increased odds to utilize ANC (AOR = 4.18; 95% CI = 2.48–7.04) and SD (AOR = 3.90; 95% CI = 1.83–8.29) services. Institutional delivery and PNC attendance for at least four times significantly increased from 88.5 to 97.5% (p < 0.0001), and 77.3–96.7% (p < 0.0001) respectively at postintervention. Women who had received the HEI were significantly more likely to have good knowledge about obstetric danger signs (AOR = 10.17; 95% CI = 6.59–15.69), and BPCR (AOR = 2.10; 95% CI = 1.36–3.24). Women who had obtained tertiary education were significantly more likely to make at least four visits to ANC (AOR = 2.38; 95% CI = 0.09–1.67).

Conclusions
This study suggests that the use of health education and participatory sessions led by community-based facilitators could be a potentially effective intervention to improve the knowledge of women about obstetric danger signs and encourage the uptake of maternity care services in resource-poor settings of Ghana.
Epidemic intelligence activities among national public and animal health agencies: a European cross-sectional study
Authors: Dub Timothee , Mäkelä Henna , Van Kleef Esther , Leblond Agnes , Mercier Alizé , Hénaux Viviane , Bouyer Fanny , Binot Aurelie , Thiongane Oumy , Lancelot Renaud , Delconte Valentina , Zamuner Lea , Van Bortel Wim , Arsevska Elena 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEpidemic Intelligence (EI) encompasses all activities related to early identification, verification, analysis, assessment, and investigation of health threats. It integrates an indicator-based (IBS) component using systematically collected surveillance data, and an event-based component (EBS), using non-official, non-verified, non-structured data from multiple sources. We described current EI practices in Europe by conducting a survey of national Public Health (PH) and Animal Health (AH) agencies. We included generic questions on the structure, mandate and scope of the institute, on the existence and coordination of EI activities, followed by a section where respondents provided a description of EI activities for three diseases out of seven disease models. Out of 81 gatekeeper agencies from 41 countries contacted, 34 agencies (42%) from 26 (63%) different countries responded, out of which, 32 conducted EI activities. Less than half (15/32; 47%) had teams dedicated to EI activities and 56% (18/34) had Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) in place. On a national level, a combination of IBS and EBS was the most common data source. Most respondents monitored the epidemiological situation in bordering countries, the rest of Europe and the world. EI systems were heterogeneous across countries and diseases. National IBS activities strongly relied on mandatory laboratory-based surveillance systems. The collection, analysis and interpretation of IBS information was performed manually for most disease models. Depending on the disease, some respondents did not have any EBS activity. Most respondents conducted signal assessment manually through expert review. Cross-sectoral collaboration was heterogeneous. More than half of the responding institutes collaborated on various levels (data sharing, communication, etc.) with neighbouring countries and/or international structures, across most disease models. Our findings emphasise a notable engagement in EI activities across PH and AH institutes of Europe, but opportunities exist for better integration, standardisation, and automatization of these efforts. A strong reliance on traditional IBS and laboratory-based surveillance systems, emphasises the key role of in-country laboratories networks. EI activities may benefit particularly from investments in cross-border collaboration, the development of methods that can automatise signal assessment in both IBS and EBS data, as well as further investments in the collection of EBS data beyond scientific literature and mainstream media.
The integrated common-sense model of illness self-regulation: predicting healthy eating, exercise behaviors, and health among individuals at risk of metabolic syndrome
Authors: Zhang Hui , Chen Dandan , Zou Ping , Shao Jin , Wu Jingjie , Cui Nianqi , Lin Shuanglan , Tang Leiwen , Zheng Qiong , Wang Xiyi , Ye Zhihong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Little is known about the potential mechanisms of healthy eating and exercise change, and design interventions which aim to promote healthy eating and exercise change among individuals at risk of metabolic syndrome. This study aimed to identify key determinants of healthy eating, exercise behaviors, and health among individuals at risk of metabolic syndrome using the integrated common-sense model of illness self-regulation.

Method
A cross-sectional study with a multi-wave data collection strategy. A total of 275 participants at risk of metabolic syndrome based on the clinical prediction model were included in the final analysis. Path analysis was employed to explore the pattern of relationships between key variables using AMOS.

Results
The mediation analysis suggested that personal and treatment control, and coherence can positively affect self-reported health via intentions and health behaviors (exercise and healthy eating). Additionally, relationships between self-efficacy (exercise and healthy eating) and health outcomes can be mediated by health behaviors, and both intentions and health behaviors.

Conclusions
This current research used the integrated common-sense model of illness self-regulation to predict healthy eating, exercise behaviors, and self-reported health among individuals at risk of metabolic syndrome. The results suggested that self-efficacy, intention, consequences, personal control, treatment control, and coherence were the key determinants of behavior and health, which can help design interventions to encourage healthy eating and exercise changes among individuals with a high risk of MetS.
The role of parents in behavioral treatment for adolescent obesity: design and rationale for the TEENS+ randomized clinical trial
Authors: Bean Melanie K. , LaRose Jessica Gokee , Wickham Edmond P. , Raynor Hollie A. , Caccavale Laura , Evans Ronald K. , Thornton Laura M. , Farthing Sarah , Mendoza Ashley , Mazzeo Suzanne E. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
There is an urgent need for innovative approaches to adolescent obesity treatment, particularly among individuals from racially and ethnically marginalized backgrounds, who face increased risk of obesity and its associated morbidity and mortality. There is a particular dearth of research on the long-term efficacy of adolescent obesity treatments. Further, research and clinical practice guidelines consistently recommend parents’ inclusion in their adolescents’ obesity treatment, yet the most effective strategy to engage parents in adolescent obesity treatment remains unclear. Towards that end, this investigation will conduct a fully-powered, randomized clinical trial to examine the efficacy of two distinct approaches to involving parents in their adolescents’ obesity treatment.

Methods
Participants will be 210 12-16 year old adolescents (body mass index [BMI]≥85th percentile) and parents (BMI≥25 kg/m2) with overweight or obesity. Dyads will be randomized to one of two 4-month treatments: 1) TEENS+Parents as Coaches (PAC), engaging parents as helpers in their child’s weight management via parent skills training based on authoritative parenting, or 2) TEENS+Parent Weight Loss (PWL), engaging parents in their own behavioral weight management. All adolescents will participate in the TEENS+ protocol, which includes nutrition education with dietary goals, supervised physical activity, and behavioral support, and integrates motivational interviewing to enhance treatment engagement. Assessments of anthropometrics, dietary intake, physical activity, parenting and home environment variables will be completed at 0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 months with the primary endpoint at 12-month follow-up.

Discussion
Results of this investigation have the potential to significantly advance science in this area and ultimately inform clinical practice guidelines related to the role of parents in adolescent obesity treatment.

Trial registration
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03851796. Registered: February 22, 2019.
“It's a cause I believe in”: factors motivating participation and engagement in longitudinal, respiratory-focused research studies
Authors: Synn Andrew J. , Menson Katherine E. , Carnethon Mercedes R. , Kalhan Ravi , Sugar Elizabeth A. , Washko George R. , Wise Robert A. , Eakin Michelle N. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Key to the success of any prospective cohort study is the effective recruitment and retention of participants, but the specific factors that influence younger adults of the Millennial generation to participate in research are not well-understood. The objective of this qualitative study was to identify factors that motivated participation and engagement in longitudinal research studies focused on respiratory health among a diverse group of young adults.

Methods
We conducted qualitative, semi-structured interviews with 50 younger adult participants (aged 25–35 years) regarding factors influencing their participation in longitudinal research studies. Thematic analysis was used to develop, organize, and tabulate the frequency of key themes. In exploratory analyses, we examined for patterns in the distribution of key themes across racial, ethnic, or socioeconomic groups.

Results
Participants identified several key themes that affected their willingness to participate in longitudinal studies. These included the health-related benefits generated by research (both to the individual and to society at-large), factors related to the institution and study team conducting the research, concerns regarding unethical and/or unrepresentative study design, and barriers to participation in research. Certain factors may be more impactful to underrepresented groups, including concerns regarding data privacy and confidentiality.

Conclusions
In this diverse group of younger adults, we identified specific factors that motivated participation and predicted high engagement in longitudinal research studies focused on respiratory health. Implementing and integrating these factors into study protocols may improve recruitment and retention, including among participants who are historically underrepresented in research.
The worsening of skeletal muscle atrophy induced by immobilization at the early stage of remobilization correlates with BNIP3-dependent mitophagy
Authors: Wang Feng , Zhou Ting , Zhou Chen Xu , Zhang Quan Bing , Wang Hua , Zhou Yun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Recent studies have shown that immobilization enhances reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitophagy activity in atrophic skeletal muscle. However, there are relatively few studies examining the biological changes and underlying mechanisms of skeletal muscle during remobilization. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of remobilization on skeletal muscle and explore the role of BNIP3-dependent mitophagy in this process.

Methods
Thirty rats were randomly divided into six groups based on immobilization and remobilization time: control (C), immobilization for two weeks (I-2w), and remobilization for one day (R-1d), three days (R-3d), seven days (R-7d), and two weeks (R-2w). At the end of the experimental period, the rectus femoris muscles were removed and weighed, and the measurements were expressed as the ratio of muscle wet weight to body weight (MWW/BW). Sirius Red staining was performed to calculate the values of cross-sectional area (CSA) of rectus femoris. Oxidative fluorescent dihydroethidium was used to evaluate the production of ROS, and the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) were also detected. The morphological changes of mitochondria and the formation of mitophagosomes in rectus femoris were examined and evaluated by transmission electron microscope. Immunofluorescence was employed to detect the co-localization of BNIP3 and LC3B, while Western blot analysis was performed to quantify the levels of proteins associated with mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis. The total ATP content of the rectus femoris was determined to assess mitochondrial function.

Results
Within the first three days of remobilization, the rats demonstrated decreased MWW/BW, CSA, and ATP concentration, along with increased ROS production and HIF-1α protein levels in the rectus femoris. Results also indicated that remobilization triggered BNIP3-dependent mitophagy, supported by the accumulation of mitophagosomes, the degradation of mitochondrial proteins (including HSP60 and COX IV), the elevation of BNIP3-dependent mitophagy protein markers (including BNIP3, LC3B-II/LC3B-I, and Beclin-1), and the accumulation of puncta representing co-localization of BNIP3 with LC3B. Additionally, PGC-1α, which is involved in the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis, was upregulated within the first seven days of remobilization to counteract this adverse effect.

Conclusion
Our findings suggested that BNIP3-denpendent mitophagy was sustained activated at the early stages of remobilization, and it might contribute to the worsening of skeletal muscle atrophy.
Benefits of a laparoscopic approach for second colorectal resection after colectomy or proctectomy –a retrospective study-
Authors: Nozawa Hiroaki , Sasaki Kazuto , Emoto Shigenobu , Murono Koji , Yokoyama Yuichiro , Sonoda Hirofumi , Nagai Yuzo , Abe Shinya , Ishihara Soichiro 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
A laparoscopic approach generally provides several benefits in patients who undergo colon or rectal surgery without jeopardizing oncological outcomes. However, there is a paucity of studies on comparative outcomes of laparoscopic versus open approaches for second primary colorectal lesions after colectomy or proctectomy.

Methods
From patients with colorectal disease who underwent surgery between 2008 and 2022 at our hospital, we collected 69 consecutive patients who had previous colorectal surgery for this retrospective study. Based on the second surgery approach (laparoscopic or open), patients were classified into the Lap (n = 37) or Op group (n = 32). Patients’ baseline data and perioperative and postoperative outcomes were compared between the two groups.

Results
Four patients (11%) of the Lap group needed conversion to laparotomy. The intraoperative blood loss was lower in the Lap group than the Op group (median: 45 ml vs. 205 ml, p = 0.001). The time to first bowel movement was shorter in the Lap group than the Op group (median: 2.8 days vs. 3.6 days, p = 0.007). The operative time, frequencies of postoperative morbidities, and overall survival did not differ between the two groups.

Conclusion
Laparoscopic surgery appeared feasible and beneficial for selected patients undergoing second colorectal resection after colectomy or proctectomy regarding blood loss and bowel function recovery without affecting other outcomes.
Evaluation of mechanical properties of different polyetheretherketone endodontic post systems: an in vitro study
Authors: Ahmad Shawbo Muhamd , Dawood Shilan Nawzad , Dalloo Gollshang Ahmad Mhammed , AL-Barazanchi Tara Rasool Hussein 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Survival of endodontically treated teeth depends on an efficient restoration of the missing tooth structure.

Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the mechanical properties of different endodontic post systems.

Materials and methods
Human permanent maxillary central incisors (no.=58) were decoronated and root-filled. The specimens with prepared root canals were randomly divided into Group P: Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) post and composite core and Group C: custom-made post-core of PEEK. The cementation of the posts was carried out using self-adhesive resin cement. Nano-hybrid composite resin was used for core fabrication. After cementation, the specimens from each group were randomly divided into two subgroups according to the types of tests utilized: 14 from each group were for the fracture strength test, which was restored with IPS e-max CAD crown, and 15 from each group for the pullout resistance test. A universal testing machine was used for the test performance.

Results
The fracture resistance test showed that the values significantly differed among tested posts (P = 0.013). Group P showed the highest fracture resistance. Group C exhibited higher mean pullout resistance values than the other group (P) (P = 0.059). In the two-piece PEEK post and composite core, the predominant type of failure was a core fracture, while in the one-piece PEEK post-core, most types of failures were either in the crown or in the post.

Conclusions
The prefabricated posts are more resistant to fracture than the custom-made posts, with fracture and displacement mainly of the core. In contrast, both showed similar pullout resistance.
Zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures: finding the least complicated surgical approach (A Randomized Clinical Trial)
Authors: Melek Lydia N. , Noureldin Marwa G. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundMany approaches have been suggested for management of zygomaticomaxillary fractures. Each approach has its own advantages and limitations.Aim of this studyThe study is intended to compare between the subtarsal approach, conventional transconjuctival approach and the Y- modification of the transconjuctival approach in the management of zygomatico-maxillay complex fractures.Materials and methodsTwenty-four patients with age range of 20–50 years requiring open reduction and fixation of a fractured zygomatic complex were randomly divided into three equal groups. Group A: subtarsal approach group, group B: a conventional transconjunctival approach group and group C: Y- modification of the transconjunctival approach group. Intraoperative and postoperative parameters were evaluated.ResultsAs for the exposure time, group C had the longest duration. Easy access to the site of fracture was reached in all groups with no statistically significant difference. During the first 24 h, the pain was only statistically significant between groups A and B with higher pain level in group A. After the first week, pain was significantly higher in groups A and C, with respect to group B. The least edema was observed in group B after 24 h, one week and four weeks postoperatively. Regarding ocular complications, wound healing and sensory nerve function, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. Scarring was only noticeable in group A patients.ConclusionThe transconjunctival approach provides adequate exposure with excellent esthetics and minor complications. The Y-modification also delivers an esthetic access with inconspicuous scar to the frontozygomatic region.Trial registrationThe trial has been registered on clinicaltrials.gov (ID: NCT05695872).
Potential use of optical coherence tomography in oral potentially malignant disorders: in-vivo case series study
Authors: Gambino Alessio , Martina Eugenio , Panzarella Vera , Ruggiero Tiziana , Haddad Giorgia El , Broccoletti Roberto , Arduino Paolo G. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Evidence confirms that the use of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) in oral medicine can be a reliable aid for the diagnosis and management of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMDs). Several authors described the ability of this system to detect the structural changes of the epithelia involved by the OPMDs. The purpose of this case series is to provide a suggestion for interpretation of OCT images from different OPMDs, compared to OCT images of healthy tissues.

Methods
A sample of 11 OPMDs patients was recruited and analyzed with OCT. The images obtained were then compared with an OCT repertoire image. In this work the reflectance degree was considered, together with the analysis of the increased/decreased thicknesses of the various layers. Keratin Layer (KL), Epithelial Layer (EP), Lamina Propria (LP), Basal Membrane (BM) assessment, for each lesion, was performed.

Results
OCT measurements of KL, EP and LP layers, together with BM assessing, should aid the physicians to recognize and describe different oral lesions, relating them to the corresponding oral pathology.

Conclusion
More studies like this, on larger samples, are needed to validate the results and provide, in the future, a kind of manual that could guide clinicians to correctly interpret the OCT images in relation to the causing pathologies.