bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Severe lupus after two years of hemodialysis: It exists and can be serious
Authors: Jabrane Marouane , Bouchoual Mohammed , Arrayhani Mohamed 
Published: March 2023

AbstractProgression of lupus nephropathy (LN) to end-stage renal disease is a serious complication and requires subsequent replacement therapy. Lupus disease activity is extinguished in chronic hemodialysis. We report the observation of a 35-year-old female patient, in conventionnel hemodialysis for two years (chronic glomerulonephritis), admitted to the emergency room for convulsions, left flaccid tenderness, cutaneous-mucosal pallor and altered general condition evolving since three days before her admission. we also observed a spontaneous ecchymotic lesions on the right arm. Echodoppler of the right upper extremity was in favor of a partially thrombosed aneurysm of the right brachial artery. The biological workup showed pancytopenia, the requested immunological workup showed a low complement C3, a positive level of anti-DNA antibodies. The patient was treated as severe lupus flare: Bolus of methylprednisolone, followed by oral administration, associated with Mycophenolate mofétil (MMF) at a dose of 1 g/d. The evolution was favorable on the clinical, biological and radiological levels.Systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) can occur even after several years of hemodialysis and sometimes in a severe form, pushing the clinician to think of this pathology in the presence of evocative signs.
Mink infection with influenza A viruses: an ignored intermediate host?
Authors: Mok Chris Ka Pun , Qin Kun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractContinuously emergence of human infection with avian influenza A virus poses persistent threat to public health, as illustrated in zoonotic H5N1/6 and H7N9 infections. The recent surge of infection to farmed mink by multiple subtypes of avian influenza A viruses in China highlights the role of mink in the ecology of influenza in this region. Serologic studies suggested that farmed mink in China are frequently infected with prevailing human (H3N2 and H1N1/pdm) and avian (H7N9, H5N6, and H9N2) influenza A viruses. Moreover, genetic analysis from the sequences of influenza viruses from mink showed that several strains acquired mammalian adaptive mutations compared to their avian counterparts. The transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from mink to human alerts us that mink may serve as an intermediate host or reservoir of some emerging pathogens. Considering the high susceptibility to different influenza A viruses, it is possible that mink in endemic regions may play a role as an “mixing vessel” for generating novel pandemic strain. Thus, enhanced surveillance of influenza viruses in mink should be urgently implemented for early warning of potential pandemic.
Hapten design to prepare monoclonal antibodies and establishment of immunoassay for direct screening of oxamichydrazide in chicken, the metabolite of nifuraldezone
Authors: Mari Ghulam Mujtaba , Wu Weilin , Talpur Aisha , Shah Jan Muhammad , Ali Saqib , Khand Faiz , Bughio Erum , Samad Abdul , Wang Zhanhui , Eremin Sergei A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this study, two novel haptens of oxamichydrazide (OXZ), the metabolite of nifuraldezone, were designed and synthesized by derivatization with ethyl-4-bromobutanoate and ethyl-2-bromoacetate for the first time. The rationality of the haptens was enlightened by conformational alignment and electronic evaluations based on computional chemistry. The synthesized haptens were efficient in generating antibody response to OXZ. A monoclonal antibody (mAb) named 2D9 with high affinity was obtained and used to establish an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icELISA) for the direct determination of OXZ in chicken samples without the need for derivatization step. Under optimum conditions, the developed icELISA showed an IC50 value of 0.66 ng mL−1, and limit of detection of 0.11 µg kg−1 in chicken. The average recoveries were found to be 80.4–91.3% with a coefficient of variation less than 9.0%. In conclusion, we have successfully desigened haptens, prepared mAbs and developed an immunoassay for the direct determination of OXZ in chicken samples without the need for a derivatization step for the first time. This provides a potentially rapid, accurate, and sensitive screening tool for nifuraldezone residue in animal-derived food.
Porphyromonas gulae infection in canines, pet owners and veterinarians in China: an epidemiological study and risk factor analysis
Authors: Bai Yang , Song Peijia , Shen Zhangqi , Shi Hao , Jiang Zimo , Lin Jiahao , Jin Yipeng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPorphyromonas gulae is a clinically prevalent, anaerobic, oral bacteria in canines, that may be a causative agent of canine periodontal disease, and a potential threat to human oral health. Research on P. gulae pathogenicity in canines, their owners, and veterinarians is lacking in China. This study aimed to determine the isolation and detection rates of P. gulae in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples from 101 canines in Beijing, using anaerobic culture techniques and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The main risk factors for the transmission of P. gulae from canines to humans were also analyzed through analyzing the statistical data on risk factor variables from 103 canine owners and 60 veterinarians in Beijing who tested positive for P. gulae detection in GCF samples. The isolation and detection rates of P. gulae in canines were 31.5% (29/92) and 92.1% (93/101), respectively, compared with detection rates of 24.3% (25/103) in canine owners, 43.3% (26/60) in veterinarians, and 52.0% (13/25) in dentists. The degree of contact with canines (P = 0.001, P < 0.01) and smoking (P = 0.021, P < 0.05) were significant risk factors for P. gulae detection in owners. Moreover, the degree of contact during ultrasonic scaling (P = 0.065, 0.05 < P < 0.1) was the most important risk factor for the positive detection of P. gulae in veterinarians. These findings suggest that P. gulae may colonize the human oral cavity through intimate contact with canines or participation in dental ultrasonic scaling operations.
Graphical Abstract
China antimicrobial resistance surveillance network for pets (CARPet), 2018 to 2021
Authors: Ma Shizhen , Chen Siyu , Lyu Yanli , Huang Wei , Liu Yang , Dang Xukun , An Qi , Song Yu , Jiao Ying , Gong Xiaowei , Wang Qian , Shi Yuqian , Li Yifei , Shao Dongyan , Zou Zhiyu , Zhang Kaiying , Li Luxin , Zhang Gege , Yang Tengkun , Yang Lu , Zhang Zhenbiao , Zhang Haixia , Chen Yanyun , Li Gebin , Wang Yongqiang , Wang Lu , Shen Zhangqi , Wu Congming , Hu Fupin , Schwarz Stefan , Wang Yang , Xia Zhaofei , Shen Jianzhong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractChina Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network for Pets (CARPet) was established in 2021 to monitor the resistance profiles of clinical bacterial pathogens from companion animals. From 2018 to 2021, we recovered and tested 4,541 isolates from dogs and cats across 25 Chinese provinces, with Escherichia coli (18.5%) and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (17.8%) being the most predominant bacterial species. The Enterobacterales were highly susceptible to tigecycline, meropenem, colistin, and amikacin (70.3%–100.0%), but showed moderate resistance to ampicillin, ceftriaxone, doxycycline, florfenicol, levofloxacin, enrofloxacin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (29.3%–56.7%). About 66.3% of Acinetobacter spp. were resistant to florfenicol, with relatively low resistance to another 11 antibiotics (1.2%–23.3%). The Pseudomonas spp. showed high susceptibility to colistin (91.7%) and meropenem (88.3%). The coagulase-positive Staphylococcus spp. showed higher resistance rates to most antimicrobial agents than coagulase-negative Staphylococcus isolates. However, over 90.0% of Staphylococcus spp. were susceptible to linezolid, daptomycin and rifampin, and no vancomycin-resistant isolates were detected. E. faecium isolates demonstrated higher resistance rates to most antimicrobial agents than E. faecalis isolates. Streptococcus spp. isolates showed low resistance to most antimicrobial agents except for doxycycline (78.2%) and azithromycin (68.8%). Overall, the tested clinical isolates showed high rates of resistance to commonly used antimicrobial agents in companion animals. Therefore, it is crucial to strengthen the monitoring of bacterial resistance in pets. By timely and effectively collecting, analyzing, and reporting antimicrobial resistance dynamics in pets, the CARPet network will become a powerful platform to provide scientific guidance for both pet medical care and public health.
Re-emergence of canine Leishmania infantum infection in mountain areas of Beijing
Authors: Liu Gang , Wu Yuanheng , Wang Lei , Liu Yang , Huang Wei , Li Yifan , Gao Mengbo , Kastelic John , Barkema Herman Wildrik , Xia Zhaofei , Jin Yipeng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCanine Leishmaniasis (CanL) is an endemic infectious disease in China, causing visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) and resulting in important public health problem. However, in the last 3 y, endemic trends have changed considerably and spatial–temporal aggregation areas have shifted from northwestern to central China. Although Beijing was an endemic area for CanL in the last century, this disease has not been reported in Beijing since control programs were implemented in the 1950s. In the present study, PCR and immunochromatographic (ICT) were used to estimate prevalence of Leishmania infection in domestic dogs living in Beijing, a VL re -emergencearea. In total, 4420 canine blood samples were collected at vet clinics in 14 districts of Beijing. Overall prevalence (percentage of dogs seropositive and/or PCR positive) of CanL infection in Beijing was 1.22% (54/4420). However, prevalence of CanL in the western mountain areas was 4.68% (45/961), significantly higher than that (0.26%, 9/3459) of the plains. In addition, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) of seven enzyme-coding genes was used to examine phylogenetic relationships of CanL strains. Forty-one Leishmania infantum isolates were well separated from the other strains and divided into five major clades (A to E) by MLST analysis. All clades were closely related to strains from Sichuan Province and Gansu Province. A phylogenetic tree, based on the MLST, revealed that L. infantum in Beijing was genetically related to strains from western endemic of Mountain type VL in China. In conclusion, CanL has re-emerged in Beijing, and almost 5% of dogs living in Beijing’s mountain areas were infected with L. infantum. The phylogenetic tree based on MLST effectively distinguished species of Leishmania and reflected geographical origins. Because dogs are considered a natural reservoir, comprehensive control measures including surveillance, phylogenetic analyses and management should be implemented to mitigate or eliminate Leishmaniasis.
Our values and our historical understanding of psychiatrists
Authors: Hilton Claire 
Published: March 2023

SummaryMany people like to perceive themselves as better than previous generations: more knowledgeable, moral, tolerant and humane. Values associated with these aspects of ourselves may affect how we understand our professional forebears. In the early 20th century, some psychiatrists adopted new biomedical theories, including focal sepsis and eugenics, which resulted in inestimable harm. Detrimental clinical practices arose and were perpetuated in the context of societal values, medical ethics and other forces within and outside the medical profession. Historical understanding of the processes by which these things took place may help inform debate concerning current and future challenges of providing psychiatric care. The methods by which psychiatrists consider their predecessors may also have a bearing on how psychiatrists of the future will perceive us, the psychiatrists of the 2020s.
Sugemalimab Monotherapy for Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Extranodal Natural Killer/T-Cell Lymphoma (GEMSTONE-201): Results From a Single-Arm, Multicenter, Phase II Study
Authors: Huang Huiqiang , Tao Rong , Hao Siguo , Yang Yu , Cen Hong , Zhou Hui , Guo Ye , Zou Liqun , Cao Junning , Huang Yunhong , Jin Jie , Zhang Liling , Yang Haiyan , Xing Xiaojing , Zhang Huilai , Liu Yanyan , Ding Kaiyang , Qi Qinzhou , Zhu Xiaoli , Zhu Dan , Wang Siyuan , Fang Teng , Dai Hangjun , Shi Qingmei , Yang Jason 
Published: March 2023

PURPOSE Relapsed or refractory extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (R/R ENKTL) is a rare and aggressive type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma with limited treatment options. This phase II study evaluated the efficacy and safety of sugemalimab, an anti–PD-L1 monoclonal antibody, in R/R ENKTL. METHODS Eligible patients received sugemalimab 1,200 mg intravenously once every 3 weeks for up to 24 months or until progression, death, or study withdrawal. The primary end point was objective response rate (ORR) assessed by an independent radiologic review committee. Key secondary end points included ORR assessed by the investigators, complete response rate, duration of response, and safety. RESULTS At the data cutoff (February 23, 2022), 80 patients were enrolled and followed for a median of 18.7 months. At baseline, 54 (67.5%) had stage IV disease and 39 (48.8%) had received ≥2 lines of prior systemic therapy. Independent radiologic review committee–assessed ORR was 44.9% (95% CI, 33.6 to 56.6); 28 (35.9%) patients achieved a complete response and seven (9.0%) achieved a partial response, with a 12-month duration of response rate of 82.5% (95% CI, 62.0 to 92.6). Investigator-assessed ORR was 45.6% (95% CI, 34.3 to 57.2), and 24 (30.4%) patients achieved a complete response. Most treatment-emergent adverse events were grade 1-2 in severity, and grade ≥ 3 events were reported in 32 (40.0%) patients. CONCLUSION Sugemalimab showed robust and durable antitumor activity in R/R ENKTL. Treatment was well tolerated with expected safety profile for this drug class.
Association of Obstructive Sleep Apnea With Postoperative Delirium in Procedures of Moderate-to-High Complexity: A Hospital-Registry Study
Authors: Wagner Soeren , Ahrens Elena , Wachtendorf Luca J. , Suleiman Aiman , Tartler Tim M. , Shay Denys , Azimaraghi Omid , Munoz-Acuna Ricardo , Chen Guanqing , Ma Haobo , Eikermann Matthias , Schaefer Maximilian S. 
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND:
Patients suffering from obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) experience chronic sleep disturbances and desaturation, factors that have been associated with postoperative delirium and that can be aggravated after anesthesia for complex procedures. We investigated whether OSA is associated with delirium after anesthesia, and whether this association is modified by procedural complexity.

METHODS:
Hospitalized patients ≥60 years who underwent general anesthesia or procedural sedation for procedures of moderate-to-high complexity between 2009 and 2020 at a tertiary health care network in Massachusetts were included. The primary exposure was OSA, defined based on International Classification of Diseases (Ninth/Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification) (ICD-9/10-CM) diagnostic codes, structured nursing interviews, anesthesia alert notes, and a validated risk score (BOSTN [body mass index, observed apnea, snoring, tiredness, and neck circumference]). The primary end point was delirium within 7 days after the procedure. Multivariable logistic regression and effect modification analyses adjusted for patient demographics, comorbidities, and procedural factors were applied.

RESULTS:
A total of 46,352 patients were included, of which 1694 patients (3.7%) developed delirium, 537 (3.2%) with OSA, and 1,157 (4.0%) without OSA. In adjusted analyses, OSA was not associated with postprocedural delirium in the overall cohort (adjusted odds ratio [ORadj], 1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.94–1.20; P = .35). However, a high procedural complexity modified the primary association (P value for interaction = .002). OSA patients had a higher risk of delirium after high-complexity procedures (≥40 work relative value units) such as cardiac (ORadj, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.08–1.64; P = .007, P value for interaction = .005) or thoracic surgery (ORadj, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.19–3.00; P = .007, P value for interaction = .009), but no increased risk after moderate complexity procedures, including general surgery (ORadj, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.55–1.35; P = .52).

CONCLUSIONS:
Compared to non-OSA patients, a history of OSA is associated with a higher risk after high-complexity procedures such as cardiac or thoracic surgery but not after procedures of moderate complexity.
Trapped yet Free inside the Tube: Supramolecular Chemistry of Molecular Peapods
Authors: Matsuno Taisuke , Isobe Hiroyuki 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Supramolecular composites of carbon nanotubes and trapped fullerenes are known as peapods, and the structures of the “peapods” have been diversified by trapping many other entities in the cylindrical nanospaces. By using the molecular segments of carbon nanotubes, we have explored the supramolecular chemistries of discrete molecular peapods exhibiting atomically precise structures. In this Account, the supramolecular molecular peapod chemistry investigated in our group is reviewed. Although the peapods are assembled by weak intermolecular interactions such as van der Waals interactions and CH-π hydrogen bonds, the association force can be so tight that it results in an association constant of 1012 M−1 in solution owing to the presence of multiple interactions. These multiple interactions also enable dynamic motions of the tightly trapped guests either in the solution phase or in the solid state. The solid-state dynamic motions of the molecular peapods are particularly anomalous and can take place with ultrafast rotational frequencies in the inertial regime.
Impact of dexamethasone on persistent symptoms of COVID-19: an observational study
Authors: Milne Alice , Maskell Samuel , Sharp Charles , Hamilton Fergus W. , Arnold David T. 
Published: March 2023

Background: Dexamethasone has been shown to reduce mortality for patients hospitalised with acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. However, a significant proportion of patients suffer persistent symptoms following COVID-19 and little is known about the longer-term impact of this intervention on symptom burden. Methods: Patients initially hospitalised with COVID-19 were prospectively recruited to an observational study (April-August 2020) with follow-up at 8 months (Dec 2020-April 2021) post-admission. A review of ongoing symptoms using a standardised systems-based proforma was performed alongside health-related quality of life assessment. In the UK, patients with COVID-19 (requiring oxygen) only received dexamethasone following the pre-print of the RECOVERY trial (June 2020), or as part of randomisation to that trial, allowing for a comparison between patients treated and not treated with dexamethasone. Results: Between April to August 2020, 198 patients were recruited to this observational study. 87 required oxygen and were followed up at 8-months, so were eligible for this analysis. Of these 39 received an inpatient course of dexamethasone (cases) and 48 did not (controls). The groups were well matched at baseline in terms of age, comorbidity and frailty score. Over two-thirds of patients reported at least 1 ongoing symptom at 8-month follow-up. Patients in the dexamethasone group reported fewer symptoms (n=73, 1.9 per patient) than the non-dexamethasone group (n=152, 3.2 per patient) (p = 0.01). Conclusions: In conclusion, in this case-control observational study, patients who received oral dexamethasone for hospitalised COVID-19 were less likely to experience persistent symptoms at 8-month follow-up. These are reassuring results for physicians administering dexamethasone to this patient group.
Chemical modulation of Schistosoma mansoni lysine specific demethylase 1 (SmLSD1) induces wide-scale biological and epigenomic changes
Authors: Padalino Gilda , Celatka Cassandra A. , Rienhoff Jr. Hugh Y. , Kalin Jay H. , Cole Philip A. , Lassalle Damien , Forde-Thomas Josephine , Chalmers Iain W. , Brancale Andrea , Grunau Christoph , Hoffmann Karl F. 
Published: March 2023

Background: Schistosoma mansoni, a parasitic worm species responsible for the neglected tropical disease schistosomiasis, undergoes strict developmental regulation of gene expression that is carefully controlled by both genetic and epigenetic processes. As inhibition of S. mansoni epigenetic machinery components impairs key transitions throughout the parasite’s digenetic lifecycle, a greater understanding of how epi-drugs affect molecular processes in schistosomes could lead to the development of new anthelmintics. Methods: In vitro whole organism assays were used to assess the anti-schistosomal activity of 39 Homo sapiens Lysine Specific Demethylase 1 (HsLSD1) inhibitors on different parasite life cycle stages. Moreover, tissue-specific stains and genomic analysis shed light on the effect of these small molecules on the parasite biology. Results: Amongst this collection of small molecules, compound 33 was the most potent in reducing ex vivo viabilities of schistosomula, juveniles, miracidia and adults. At its sub-lethal concentration to adults (3.13 µM), compound 33 also significantly impacted oviposition, ovarian as well as vitellarian architecture and gonadal/neoblast stem cell proliferation. ATAC-seq analysis of adults demonstrated that compound 33 significantly affected chromatin structure (intragenic regions > intergenic regions), especially in genes differentially expressed in cell populations (e.g., germinal stem cells, hes2+ stem cell progeny, S1 cells and late female germinal cells) associated with these ex vivo phenotypes. KEGG analyses further highlighted that chromatin structure of genes associated with sugar metabolism as well as TGF-beta and Wnt signalling were also significantly perturbed by compound 33 treatment. Conclusions: This work confirms the importance of histone methylation in S. mansoni lifecycle transitions, suggesting that evaluation of LSD1 - targeting epi-drugs may facilitate the search for next-generation anti-schistosomal drugs. The ability of compound 33 to modulate chromatin structure as well as inhibit parasite survival, oviposition and stem cell proliferation warrants further investigations of this compound and its epigenetic target SmLSD1.