bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geophysical sediment properties of a late Pleistocene loess–paleosol sequence, Chenarli, northeastern Iran
Authors: Ghafarpour Amin , Khormali Farhad , Tazikeh Hossein , Kehl Martin , Rolf Christian , Frechen Manfred , Zeeden Christian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe present stratigraphic, magnetic, diffuse reflectance spectrophotometric analyses, and chronologic data for the Chenarli loess–paleosol sequence in northeastern Iran. Eight loess units (LU) are identified, described, and constrained in time based on relative stratigraphy and luminescence dating from >130 ± 9.1 ka to ~9.8 ± 0.7 ka. Our data indicate that pedogenic magnetite/maghemite formation gives rise to magnetic enhancement in modern soil and paleosols. The top of LU 7 is demarcated by the well-developed last interglacial soil in which magnetic depletion occurred. We infer that magnetic depletion in this paleosol was produced by reducing conditions in a seasonally waterlogged soil during a warm and wet phase within Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5e. Units LU 6 to 1 record several episodes of dust accumulation and soil formation during the last glacial and Holocene. Increased dust accumulation rates occurred during middle-late MIS 3 and lasted into the late MIS 2, with a peak during the last glacial maximum (LU 2). These findings could be applicable to understanding magnetic enhancement/dissolution mechanism in the loess–paleosol sequences in study area. We infer paleoenvironmental changes in northeastern Iran relative to northern Iran, Eurasia, and China.
RADIOCARBON DATING OF MULTIPLE MATERIALS FOR CLARIFYING THE FORMATION OF THE MEDIEVAL SETTLEMENT ON THE OUTSKIRTS OF PRAGUE CASTLE (CZECH REPUBLIC)
Authors: Tomanová Pavla , Světlík Ivo , Pachnerová Brabcová Kateřina , Kočár Petr , Kyselý René 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTAn archaeological excavation conducted on U Kasáren St. in the Prague Castle area (Czech Republic) in 2020 revealed the remains of a medieval settlement consisting of houses of different constructions (pit dwelling, masonry construction), pyrotechnical (possibly metallurgical) features and unspecified pits. The excavation also revealed evidence of fire events and traces of viniculture on the outskirts of the Prague Castle area. Archaeological data allowed only a rough dating of the investigated settlement in the 10th–13th centuries. This paper presents the results of the radiocarbon dating of various materials (animal bones, archaeobotanical samples) from the settlement features and the contribution of the results to the clarification of the chronology of the site.
ON DISCRIMINANTS OF MINIMAL POLYNOMIALS OF THE RAMANUJAN CLASS INVARIANTS
Authors: CHAVAN SARTH 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe study the discriminants of the minimal polynomials
$\mathcal {P}_n$
of the Ramanujan
$t_n$
class invariants, which are defined for positive
$n\equiv 11\pmod {24}$
. We show that
$\Delta (\mathcal {P}_n)$
divides
$\Delta (H_n)$
, where
$H_n$
is the ring class polynomial, with quotient a perfect square and determine the sign of
$\Delta (\mathcal {P}_n)$
based on the ideal class group structure of the order of discriminant
$-n$
. We also show that the discriminant of the number field generated by
$j({(-1+\sqrt {-n})}/{2})$
, where j is the j-invariant, divides
$\Delta (\mathcal {P}_n)$
. Moreover, using Ye’s computation of
$\log|\Delta(H_n)|$
[‘Revisiting the Gross–Zagier discriminant formula’, Math. Nachr. 293 (2020), 1801–1826], we show that 3 never divides
$\Delta(H_n)$
, and thus
$\Delta(\mathcal{P}_n)$
, for all squarefree
$n\equiv11\pmod{24}$
.
The Rich Have a Slight Edge: Evidence from Comparative Data on Income-Based Inequality in Policy Congruence
Authors: Persson Mikael , Sundell Anders 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSeveral recent studies have found unequal policy responsiveness, meaning that the policy preferences of high-income citizens are better reflected in implemented policies than the policy preferences of low-income citizens. This has been found mainly in a few studies from the US and a small number of single-country studies from Western Europe. However, there is a lack of comparative studies that stake out the terrain across a broader group of countries. We analyze survey data on the policy preferences of about 3,000 policy proposals from thirty European countries over nearly forty years, combined with information on whether each policy proposal was implemented or not. The results from the cross-country data confirm the general pattern from previous studies that policies supported by the rich are more likely to be implemented than those supported by the poor. We also test four explanations commonly found in the literature: whether unequal responsiveness is exacerbated by (a) high economic inequality, (b) the absence of campaign finance regulations, (c) low union density, and (d) low voter turnout.
Full-fat corn germ in diets for dairy cows as an alternative to ground corn
Authors: Netto Antônio J. , da Gama Marco A. S. , Guido Sebastião I. , Inácio Jonas G. , Chagas Juana C. C. , Ramin Mohammad , Rabelo Milena N. , Félix Silas B. , da Silva Camila S. , Ferreira Marcelo de A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe experiments reported in this research paper address the effects of replacing ground corn (GC) with full-fat corn germ (FFCG) on nutrient intake and digestibility, nitrogen utilization efficiency, performance, and predicted methane production in dairy cows fed cactus cladodes and sugarcane. We hypothesized that the inclusion of FFCG in the diet would not alter the performance of lactating cows but would reduce the predicted methane production in vivo. Ten multiparous Holstein cows at 90 ± 10 d of lactation and yielding 24.2 ± 3.5 kg milk/d were assigned to dietary treatments consisting of different levels of replacement of GC by FFCG (0; 25; 50; 75 and 100% of diet dry matter) in a replicated 5 × 5 Latin square design with 21-d periods. Methane production was predicted using an automated gas in vitro production system. Except for ether extract intake, which increased, the intake of all nutrients decreased linearly with the replacement of GC by FFCG. The digestibility of dry matter, organic matter and neutral detergent fiber reduced, whereas the digestibility of ether extract increased linearly with FFCG. There were no changes in the digestibility of crude protein. The nitrogen intake and daily excretion in urine and feces decreased, while nitrogen use efficiency increased linearly. There was no significant effect of diets on nitrogen balance or microbial protein synthesis and efficiency. The yield of protein, lactose and total solids in milk showed a quadratic behavior. On the other hand, milk fat yield and energy-corrected milk yield decreased linearly with the replacement of GC by FFCG. No effect on pH or ammonia nitrogen was observed. The production of methane (CH4, g/kg DM) and total CH4 (g/d), and CH4 intensity decreased linearly with the replacement of GC by FFCG. In conclusion, FFCG has been shown to be an effective source of fat to reduce methane production in dairy cows, partially supporting our initial hypothesis. However, as it decreases milk fat production, it is not recommended to replace more than 50% of GC by FFCG for lactating cows fed cactus cladodes and sugarcane.
Control of gastrointestinal helminths in small ruminants to prevent anthelmintic resistance: the Italian experience
Authors: Maurizio Anna , Perrucci Stefania , Tamponi Claudia , Scala Antonio , Cassini Rudi , Rinaldi Laura , Bosco Antonio 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHelminth infections are ubiquitous in grazing ruminants and cause significant costs due to production losses. Moreover, anthelmintic resistance (AR) in parasites is now widespread throughout Europe and poses a major threat to the sustainability of modern ruminant livestock farming. Epidemiological data on the prevalence and distribution of gastrointestinal nematodes, cestodes and liver- and rumen-flukes in Italian small ruminants are outdated and fragmentary. However, anthelmintics are commonly used to control these infections and often without prior diagnosis. Compared to other European countries, few reports of AR in small ruminants against levamisole, ivermectin and benzimidazoles have been published in Italy, but recent studies suggest that this phenomenon is spreading. Increased and integrated research efforts in developing innovative approaches to control helminth infections and AR are needed and must be tailored to the peculiarities of each context in order to be effectively implemented. This manuscript provides an overview on helminth prevalence and distribution, sustainable treatment strategies and integrated control approaches in small ruminants in Italy. The implementation of targeted treatments and targeted selective treatments is discussed based on different parameters, such as fecal egg count, degree of anaemia (FAMACHA© method), milk production and body condition score. In addition, several Italian studies have also investigated the implementation of alternative strategies such as the use of different natural bioactive compounds or genetic selection for resistance and resilience to helminth infections. These concrete solutions for helminth management in small ruminant farms in the country are reported and discussed, representing a valid example for other Mediterranean countries.
The recontextualisation of Multicultural London English: Stylising the ‘roadman’
Authors: Ilbury Christian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThough research on the multiethnolect spoken in London—Multicultural London English (MLE)—has described the social distribution of the variety, the stylistic potentials of MLE remain poorly understood. This article explores the enregisterment and subsequent ‘recontextualisation’ (Bauman & Briggs 1990) of MLE by analysing the linguistic and aesthetic components of a stylistic identity—the ‘roadman’. Specifically, I explore a corpus of TikTok videos to analyse the ways in which linguistic features characteristic of MLE (e.g. pronominal man, discourse-pragmatic styll, fronted /uː/) are co-opted and stylised in parodic performances of the roadman. I demonstrate that these linguistic features co-occur with tropes of personhood (e.g. participation in grime music, overt heterosexuality, a streetwear aesthetic) that are ideologically associated with a particular type of gendered, classed, and racialized identity. Concluding, I reflect on the status of the roadman persona with reference to contemporary patterns of language variation in the UK. (Multicultural London English, personae, digital culture, TikTok, stylisation, performance)*
Language immersion effects in the use of tú and usted by L1-French and L1-European Portuguese learners of Spanish
Authors: Sampedro Mella María , Sánchez Gutiérrez Claudia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe use of the Spanish pronouns of address tú and usted is an intricate matter for L2 learners due to the many factors that influence their selection at the discourse and interactional level. Although the literature has traditionally focused on the challenges experienced by L1-English learners of L2-Spanish in learning these forms, less is known about speakers whose L1s also present similar (but not identical) pronouns of address. This study thus analyzes the use of tú and usted by L1-French and L1-European Portuguese learners who learn Spanish either in their home countries (i.e., France and Portugal) or in Spain as part of a study-abroad experience. Results indicate that learners in both L1 groups used tú more often while in Spain than in their home country. Additionally, students in immersion started adopting more similar criteria to those of L1-Spanish speakers in determining whether tú or usted would be appropriate in certain contexts.
The Log Product Formula in Quantum K-theory
Authors: CHOU YOU–CHENG , HERR LEO , LEE YUAN–PIN 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe prove a formula expressing the K-theoretic log Gromov-Witten invariants of a product of log smooth varieties
$V \times W$
in terms of the invariants of V and W. The proof requires introducing log virtual fundamental classes in K-theory and verifying their various functorial properties. We introduce a log version of K-theory and prove the formula there as well.
Crises of Care in China Today
Authors: Steinmüller Hans 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe introduction to this special section presents an overview of crises of care in China today, specifically as they affect the fields of kinship, health and government. To study care ethnographically, we distinguish between the attentive and active dimensions of care: what people care about, and how they care for others. Acts of care always relate to larger concerns and general values, but they scale up in different ways. The imbalances that emerge are central to the politics of care that our contributors describe. Care as attentive co-growth engages different values, remakes inequality and nourishes political life. The contributors use the same framework of attention, action and politics to investigate crucial issues in Chinese society, including family, health, environment, ritual and animals. In all these fields, care provides a privileged vantage point from which to understand social and moral change in China today.
Father contribution to human resilience
Authors: Feldman Ruth 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Fathers have been an important source of child endurance and prosperity since the dawn of civilization, promoting adaptation to social rules, defining cultural meaning systems, teaching daily living skills, and providing the material background against which children developed; still, the recent reformulation in the role of the father requires theory-building. Paternal caregiving is rare in mammals, occurring in 3–5% of species, expresses in multiple formats, and involves flexible neurobiological accommodations to ecological conditions and active caregiving. Here, we discuss father contribution to resilience across development. Our model proposes three tenets of resilience – plasticity, sociality, and meaning – and discussion focuses on father-specific contributions to each tenet at different developmental stages; newborn, infant, preschooler, child, and adolescent. Father’s style of high arousal, energetic physicality, guided participation in daily skills, joint adventure, and conflict resolution promotes children’s flexible approach and social competence within intimate bonds and social groups. By expanding children’s interests, sharpening cognitions, tuning affect regulation, encouraging exploration, and accompanying the search for identity, fathers support the sense of meaning, enhancing the human-specific dimension of resilience. We end by highlighting pitfalls to paternal contribution, including absence, abuse, rigidity, expectations, and gender typing, and the need to formulate novel theories to accommodate the “involved dad.”
A transformer-based multi-task framework for joint detection of aggression and hate on social media data
Authors: Ghosh Soumitra , Priyankar Amit , Ekbal Asif , Bhattacharyya Pushpak 
Published: April 2023

AbstractModerators often face a double challenge regarding reducing offensive and harmful content in social media. Despite the need to prevent the free circulation of such content, strict censorship on social media cannot be implemented due to a tricky dilemma – preserving free speech on the Internet while limiting them and how not to overreact. Existing systems do not essentially exploit the correlatedness of hate-offensive content and aggressive posts; instead, they attend to the tasks individually. As a result, the need for cost-effective, sophisticated multi-task systems to effectively detect aggressive and offensive content on social media is highly critical in recent times. This work presents a novel multifaceted transformer-based framework to identify aggressive and hate posts on social media. Through an end-to-end transformer-based multi-task network, our proposed approach addresses the following array of tasks: (a) aggression identification, (b) misogynistic aggression identification, (c) identifying hate-offensive and non-hate-offensive content, (d) identifying hate, profane, and offensive posts, (e) type of offense. We further investigate the role of emotion in improving the system’s overall performance by learning the task of emotion detection jointly with the other tasks. We evaluate our approach on two popular benchmark datasets of aggression and hate speech, covering four languages, and compare the system performance with various state-of-the-art methods. Results indicate that our multi-task system performs significantly well for all the tasks across multiple languages, outperforming several benchmark methods. Moreover, the secondary task of emotion detection substantially improves the system performance for all the tasks, indicating strong correlatedness among the tasks of aggression, hate, and emotion, thus opening avenues for future research.
Human capital and pensions with endogenous fertility and retirement
Authors: Cipriani Giam Pietro , Fioroni Tamara 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe study an OLG model with child policies and a PAYG pension with endogenous retirement and fertility. The result of the planned economy is compared to the decentralized competitive equilibrium deriving optimal policies. We show that in the presence of a PAYG pension system, the optimal policy mix includes an education subsidy and a subsidy for the supply of labor in old age. Fertility should be taxed or incentivized depending on whether there is full or partial retirement, and on the parameters. We focus on the parameter reflecting the deterioration of human capital and show that a child tax may be required.
Why does Kant Think that Democracy is Necessarily Despotic?
Authors: Caranti Luigi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractKant’s criticism of democracy has been traditionally defused with the consideration that Kant’s aversion is not to democracy per se, but to direct democracy. However, what Kant says – ‘to prevent the republican constitution from being confused with the democratic one, as commonly happens’ (ZeF, 8: 351) – appears to count not only against direct democracy, but also against conceptions of democracy closer to the ones we are accustomed to. By offering a new account of what Kant sees as the real problem of democracy (direct or not), the article unpacks a lesson about the limits of democracy that has gone largely unnoticed among political theorists and Kant specialists.
NONREALIZABILITY OF CERTAIN REPRESENTATIONS IN FUSION SYSTEMS
Authors: OLIVER BOB 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFor a finite abelian p-group A and a subgroup
$\Gamma \le \operatorname {\mathrm {Aut}}(A)$
, we say that the pair
$(\Gamma ,A)$
is fusion realizable if there is a saturated fusion system
${\mathcal {F}}$
over a finite p-group
$S\ge A$
such that
$C_S(A)=A$
,
$\operatorname {\mathrm {Aut}}_{{\mathcal {F}}}(A)=\Gamma $
as subgroups of
$\operatorname {\mathrm {Aut}}(A)$
, and . In this paper, we develop tools to show that certain representations are not fusion realizable in this sense. For example, we show, for
$p=2$
or
$3$
and
$\Gamma $
one of the Mathieu groups, that the only
${\mathbb {F}}_p\Gamma $
-modules that are fusion realizable (up to extensions by trivial modules) are the Todd modules and in some cases their duals.
Disjunctive Delimited Control
Authors: VANDENBROUCKE ALEXANDER , SCHRIJVERS TOM 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDelimited control is a powerful mechanism for programming language extension which has been recently proposed for Prolog (and implemented in SWI-Prolog). By manipulating the control flow of a program from inside the language, it enables the implementation of powerful features, such as tabling, without modifying the internals of the Prolog engine. However, its current formulation is inadequate: it does not capture Prolog’s unique non-deterministic nature which allows multiple ways to satisfy a goal.This paper fully embraces Prolog’s non-determinism with a novel interface for disjunctive delimited control, which gives the programmer not only control over the sequential (conjunctive) control flow, but also over the non-deterministic control flow. We provide a meta-interpreter that conservatively extends Prolog with delimited control and show that it enables a range of typical Prolog features and extensions, now at the library level: findall, cut, branch-and-bound optimisation, probabilistic programming, …
Cultural adaptation of the Integrated Palliative care Outcome Scale for neurological symptoms
Authors: Dillen Kim , Goereci Yasemin , Dunkl Veronika , Müller Anne , Fink Gereon R. , Voltz Raymond , Hocaoglu Mevhibe , Warnke Clemens , Golla Heidrun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesStandardized measures for assessing neurological patients needing palliative care remain scarce. The Integrated Palliative care Outcome Scale for neurological patients in its short form (IPOS Neuro-S8) helps assess and identify patients’ symptom burden and needs early but has not yet been validated in German. The aim was to culturally adapt and translate the IPOS Neuro-S8 into the German health-care context and evaluate its face and content validity.MethodsCultural adaptation study following the first 6 out of 8 phases of the Palliative care Outcome Scale measures manual: (1) conceptual definition, (2) forward translation to German, (3) backward translation to English, (4) expert review, (5) cognitive debriefing, (6) proofreading. Neurological patients needing palliative care and clinical staff of the Department of Palliative Medicine or Neurology of the University Hospital of Cologne were included. Data were analyzed using thematic content analysis and descriptive statistics.ResultsA total of 13 patients and 16 clinical staff participated in this study. The expert review panel (phase 4) consisted of 11 additional members. While patients (n = 9) and clinical staff (n = 11) confirmed that the IPOS Neuro-S8 is an intelligible tool that is well accepted (phase 5), some linguistic and cultural differences were found between the original English and German versions. These mainly concerned the items mouth problems and spasms.Significance of resultsThe German version of the IPOS Neuro-S8 has demonstrated face and content validity and captures relevant symptoms of neurological patients needing palliative care. Its psychometric properties, including construct and criterion validity, will be investigated next.
Conceptualizing responsibility in world politics
Authors: Sienknecht Mitja , Vetterlein Antje 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMoral responsibility is a prominent concept used in political discourses and theoretical debates. Yet disagreement remains on how it could work in practice. When attempting to address global challenges such as global poverty, combating atrocities, or artificial intelligence, approaches often revert to retrospective accounts of responsibility that focus on non-compliance with regulatory frameworks. As a result, cases where prospective responsibility would be required often go unaddressed. In this article, we introduce an analytical conceptualization of responsibility that should help to guide the application of moral responsibility in such situations. In the first step, we develop a typology that distinguishes between four types of responsibility: ‘obligatory’, ‘structural’, ‘prescribed’, and ‘discursive’. Second, we identify responsibility gaps for each responsibility type. Third, we introduce different ethical principles from political theory that help to identify potential responsibility relations. We illustrate the utility of this framework with the example of climate change, where ethical principles beyond the contribution principle have already been applied. The paper facilitates new perspectives in political debates about how to allocate responsibility in light of global challenges and enhances theoretical debates in International Relations scholarship.