bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The active control study of a damped two-level smart spring system
Authors: Li Zhenkun , Liu Chen , Cheng Qiyou , Lu Xing , Feng Zhizhuang , Xing Longtao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The vibration reduction performance of a damped two-level smart spring system is studied. The governing equations of the smart spring system are reduced to a first-order ordinary differential equation of matrix form. An active control algorithm employing the relative velocity relationships between the primary and auxiliary systems to prevent the movement of the controlled object is applied in the simulation. Different excitation types are considered to fully examine the validity of the control law. Responses of the controlled object under the control law are obtained and compared to the case of constant friction and the case of no control. The study indicates that the active control algorithm shows a good vibration reduction efficiency and a wide vibration reduction bandwidth.
Position estimation of fuel ball blockage in pipeline
Authors: Zhou Yihang , Xiao Yufeng , Xie Yuehui 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
When the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor is working, lots of fuel balls are transfered in the core pipelines. To enhance the operation efficiency, this paper proposes a simple and feasible estimation method for pipeline blockage detection. This method steps include as follows: Firstly, the three-dimensional models of possible blockage pipelines are formulated; once the blockage breaks out, the radiation counting rates are collected along a predefined route; subsequently, the estimation space is set from above models, and the particle filter algorithm is executed to complete the processes of weight updating, normalization and resampling; finally, the blockage position is calculated from the convergent particle set. Simulation experiments showed that this method could effectively work and accurately estimate the blockage location.
Probabilistic simulation model of resilience assessment of natural gas pipeline systems
Authors: Yang Zhaoming , Xiang Qi , He Qian , Zio Enrico , Faber Michael Havbro , Su Huai , Zhang Jinjun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe study for the natural gas pipeline system (NGPS), particularly about the resilience evaluation, is still in its early stages. Resilience is a hot point in the most important aspects of system security assessment. An integrated simulation model is presented for assessing the gas supply of NGPS, incorporating the topological and operational circumstances. This model takes different forms of disruptions into consideration. Analysis is done on the properties of probabilistic disturbances. The novel ideas include the global resilience and temporal resilience as the indicators for evaluating resilience. By integrating the maximum flow algorithm and the shortest path algorithm with operational and structural parameters, the gas supply volume and routes were determined before and after system disturbances. Based on the theories of complex network and graph theory, researchers have moved the traditional viewpoint from the entire system to the affected regions. The use of simulation models in research can facilitate the development of pre-warning for natural gas supply systems (NGPS), including optimization of gas supply amount and supply routes arrangement, as well as formulation of pipeline maintenance strategies. In addition, simulation models can also support the rapid analysis of disturbance results, thus improving the accuracy of resilience evaluation for NGPS.
Rural agroindustry development based on prime commodities in Soppeng regency
Authors: Sahruni  , Latief R , Achmad M 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Rural agroindustry business is one of the efforts to increase the added value of agricultural products in rural areas. This is supported by the availability of raw materials in the areas. This research aims to determine priority commodities and agroindustrial products for rural agroindustrial scale, and create their development strategies in Soppeng Regency. This study used primary data obtained from observations and interviews with relevant agencies and parties, and secondary data obtained from the literature of relevant sources. The determination of priority commodities and agroindustrial products was analysed using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. Research results showed three priority commodities, namely rice (0.358), corn (0.320), Cocoa (0.188). It was identified that priority products for rural agroindustry development were rice flour (0.244), chocolate drink (0.185), and corn chips (0.167). Furthermore, the development of rural agroindustry in Soppeng regency was focused on 3 (three) selected priority products; rice flour, chocolate drinks and corn chips. These efforts were, started with an acceleration of technology transfer, especially post-harvest handling for high quality raw materials, good manufacturing practices and product marketing.
Roadmap for value chain analysis on broiler marketing in Makassar
Authors: Asbal A H , Siregar A R , Sirajuddin S N 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Makassar City is a potential area for the development of the broiler marketing value chain. The main challenge in developing the broiler value chain is high price fluctuations, both input and output. Value chain analysis on broiler marketing in Makassar aims to identify and analyze value chain channels, distribution of costs and benefits, as well as market characteristics. Analysis of the distribution of costs and benefits is carried out using the Hayami method. The results of the research show that there are irregular price fluctuations and imbalances in market structure at each level of the value chain. Each marketing chain of broiler chickens in Makassar City gains a disproportionate profit at each marketing level with the value creation contribution made and the risks borne by each marketing level. The total profits of large retailers are greater than those of brokers and small retailers, while the value creation activities and risks of large retailers are smaller than those of brokers. Unnatural fluctuations in the price of chicken meat are the impact of the government’s lack of role as a supervisor and regulator in the value chain activities of broiler marketing. The development of the broiler marketing value chain must focus on regulatory oversight, improving access to markets, information and capital to increase the competitiveness of business actors.
An overview of cocoa nibs shell waste potential to achieve sustainable agriculture
Authors: Izzah S N , Brugman E , Baladraf TT , Rachmadita F 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Around 40 cocoa industries were established in Indonesia, and about 400 thousand kg of cacao beans were used for end-product. Deforestation decreases the productivity of cocoa beans and increases greenhouse gas emissions. Besides, 80% of cocoa fruit also consists of pod, shell, and pulp, contributing to residual biomass increment in cocoa industries. Research on cocoa biomass potencies has been carried out in cocoa plantations and the cocoa industry. Cocoa shells have several chemical compounds that benefit agriculture products and environments, such as minerals and nutritional compositions. Cocoa Nibs Shell (CNS), one of the by-products of cocoa processing, wastes about 13% of its production. Therefore, this research aims to give an overview and determine the potential use of CNS waste in agriculture by analyzing the bioactive compound in CNS to add more value to cocoa waste and reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the waste. The authors used X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) to identify the bioactive compound in CNS. Subsequently, several bioactive compounds found in the XRF assay were P2O5, SO3, K2O, TiO2, MnO, Fe2O3, NiO, CuO, ZnO, Rb2O, SrO, BaO, Yb2O3, Re2O7. These bioactive compounds have a positive benefit in agriculture. MnO and Fe2O compounds are essential for fertilizer application. P2O5 and SO3 have potential benefits in crop protection. Moreover, CNS has a great characterization which is potential for biochar and bio-adsorbent on water irrigation treatment since it has carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen compounds. Those potencies are also essential to reduce industrial waste in cocoa and to achieve sustainability.
Optimizing the use of submergence and drought tolerant rice varieties to reduce the impact of climate change on swampland
Authors: Khairullah I , Saleh M , Yustisia  , Riyanto D 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The swamplands are one among the possibe suboptimal land for agriculture. The land consists of tidal swamplands and freshwater land that are wide obstainable in Indonesia. The hydrotopography of tidal swampland is powerfully influenced by tide and neap tide of water, whereas in freshwater land it’s for the most part determined by precipitation. Drought, flooding or deep inundation, and shifts in rainfall patterns as a result of extreme temperature change have an impact on agriculture in decreasing food crop production, significantly for rice in swamplands. One strategy in anticipating the impact of climate change in agriculture, particularly food crops (rice) is to use submergence and drought tolerant varieties still as early maturing rice varieties. Rice varieties tolerant of submergence in swamplands like Inpara 3, Inpara 4, Inpara 5, Inpari 29, and Inpari 30 Ciherang sub1. Whereas drought tolerant varieties such as Inpari 18, Inpari 19, Inpari 20, Inpago 4, Inpago 5, Inpago 6, Inpago-8, and Inpago Lipigo-4. In addition to avoiding drought, early-maturing aged rice varieties such as Hipa 6 Jete, Inpari Si Denuk are often used, Inpari-34 Salin Agritan, Cakra Buana Agritan, Inpari 12 and Inpari 13. The purpose of this paper is to explain how planting submergence and drought-tolerant rice varieties can reduce the effects of climate change on swamp agriculture. It is expected to significantly reduce the effects of climate change for agriculture in swamplands by treating submergence and drought tolerance and early maturing varieties.
Supply chain analysis and cocoa certification partnership patterns in East Kolaka District
Authors: Khatimah H , Mahyuddin  , Fudjaja L 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study aims to analyze product flow, financial flow and information flow of certified and non-certified cocoa supply chain in East Kolaka Patent District. The method used in determining the sample is rendom sampling the number of company-assisted certified farmers in East Kolaka Regency spread across 2 sub-districts (Aere and Lambandia) with a population of 763 people and non-certified cocoa farmers in 4 sub-districts (Aere, Lambandia, Poli-Polia and Rate-Rate) with a population of 328 people, then using the snowball method to determine other prospective respondents. The research method used is qualitative descriptive. The certified and non-certified cocoa supply chain in East Kolaka Regency has 3 (three) streams, namely product flow, financial flow and information flow. The flow of certified cocoa products flows from farmers, traders, collectors and exporters. Financial flows flow from exporters to farmers. And a stream of information flows from exporters to farmers. While non-certified cocoa product flow flows from farmers, traders, collectors and other companies. Financial flows flow from collectors to farmers and information flows from collectors to farmers.
Assessment of carbon and nitrogen distribution on several soil orders for sustainable management in dryland farming: A Case Study in Aceh Besar Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Sufardi S , Arabia T , Khairullah K , Rusdi M , Khalil M , Ilyas I , Zainabun Z , Abdullah UH 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The study was based on the distribution of soil carbon and nitrogen orders in a dryland farming system in Aceh Besar District, Indonesia. Soil samples were taken to represent 6 (six) soil orders in the drylands of Aceh Besar, namely: Andisols, Entisols, Inceptisols, Mollisols, Oxisols, and Ultisols. For each soil order, 5 observation profiles were made, and each soil profile was sampled at 7 (seven) soil depths from 0-100 cm, namely: 0-0.05 m; 0.05-0.10 m; 0.10-0.20m; 0.20-0.30m; 0.03-0.50m; 0.05-0.70 m; and 0.07-1.00 m so that there are 210 soil samples. The Walkley and Black method was used to analyze the soil’s carbon content, while the Kjeldahl method was used to determine the soil’s total nitrogen. The total C and N content of the soil in the dryland of Aceh Besar varies greatly depending on the soil order. The highest distribution of C and N in the soil profile is found at a depth of 0.10-0.30 m. Soil C and N content at a depth of 0-1.0 m in the Andisols order are higher than other soil orders. The C content of the topsoil (0-30 cm) ranged from 0.7-6.9% while the N content varied from 0.07-0.56%. The order of N and C content of soil according to soil order is: Andisols>Mollisols>Entisols>Inceptisols >Oxisols>Ultisols.
The effect of bioactivator formulation on nutritional quality and functional microbial content in goat feces biofertilizer
Authors: Istanti A , Indraloka A B , Junaedi A S , Ton S 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Changes in lifestyle and the negative impact of chemicals make people aware of the dangers of consuming food products containing chemical residues so many people switch consuming organic food. Black rice is one of the kinds of rice that is widely consumed as an organic functional food because of its antioxidant and dietary fiber content. Black rice has been rarely cultivated because it longer harvests age and lower productivity than white rice. The way to increase the production and quality of black rice is by applying manure or biofertilizer, which contains the nutrients needed by plants. This study aimed to find bioactivator formulation that has the highest nutrients and functional microbes’ content in biofertilizer. This study used a completely randomized design with five bio activator treatments: Bacillus, Trichoderma, Saccharomyces, Bacillus + Trichoderma, Bacillus + Saccharomyces, which have replicated three times. The results showed that the bio activator formulation had a significant effect on the total bacteria, very significant effect on the organic C content, total N-fixing bacteria, P solubilizing microbes, N and P content.
The effect of coffee grounds and sawdust Tectona grandis L. f. as planting media for cultivation oyster mushroom Pleurotus sp.
Authors: Tambaru E , Ura’ R , Tuwo M 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of the use of coffee grounds and sawdust Tectona grandis L. F as planting media on the cultivation of oyster mushrooms Pleurotus sp. This research was conducted in December 2021 - March 2022. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) method consisting of 1 factorial. This study used 5 treatments with 3 replications, so a total of 15 baglogs were used. The data obtained were analyzed statistically using the F test and further tested with the 5% Least Significant Difference (LSD). The results showed that the addition of several doses of coffee grounds had a significant effect on fruit body growth time, fruit body fresh weight, fruit body dry weight, and fruit cap diameter. The fastest growing time of oyster mushroom mycelium was at P0 (sawdust Tectona grandis 2 kg + control) an average of 4.67 days, the fastest fruit body formation speed was P0 (sawdust Tectona grandis 2 kg + control) with an average of 15.67 days, fresh fruit weight the fastest with an average of 106.33 g, the dry weight of the fruit body of the heaviest oyster mushroom with an average of 33 g, and the diameter of the largest fruit hood with an average of 30.3 cm, meanwhile for the P3 treatment (sawdust Tectona grandis 0.5 kg + 1.5 kg coffee grounds) and P4 (coffee grounds 2 kg + control) were not suitable for the growth of oyster mushrooms.
Prospect of utilizing botanical pesticides for maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky) management to preserve national maize production
Authors: Rahman Ayyub Ar , Rohimatun  , Rubiana Ratna , Sipi Surianto , Mirsam Hishar , Meithasari Dian , Hasbi  , Aminah  , Yasin M , Sudjak Saenong M 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Maize plays a strategic role in the national food map as well as a mainstay commodity in accelerating the realization of food self-sufficiency. It is because maize has wide adaptability and is relatively easy to cultivate. However, the attack of maize weevil obstructs the increase of maize productivity. This pest is the most destructive and reduces maize productivity as a national source of carbohydrates. The global policy of limiting the use of synthetic pesticides to control agricultural pests has become a topic of discussion in international forums today. It is due to the large number of deaths reported by synthetic pesticides. WHO reports that every year pesticide poisoning occurs between 44,000-2,000,000 people worldwide, and the highest poisoning rates occur in developing countries. In response to this, the government has made regulations through Government Regulation No.6 of 1995 concerning synthetic pesticides. It is contained in. Plant-based materials are very prospective to be used as active ingredients for environmentally friendly botanical pesticides. It has been identified that around 10,000 potential secondary metabolite components can be processed into active ingredients of botanical pesticides. This paper discusses the potential of botanical pesticides in Indonesia’s national plant treasures.
The use of biological agents in controlling diseases of shallots for tss production
Authors: Korlina E , Sulastrini I , Rosliani R 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Stemphylium disease caused by Stemphylium vesicarium is an important disease that becomes an obstacle in TSS production. The disease attacks can lead to seed harvest failure. In the field. Stemphylium disease is associated with purple spot disease caused by the fungus Alternaria porri. The purpose of this study was to obtain biological agents that were effective in controlling S vesicarium and A porri on TSS production. The tests were carried out in-vitro in the laboratory and in planta in the field under a plastic shade. The experimental design used a randomized block design with 11 treatments (Bacillus sp.1. Bacillus sp. 3., Pseudomonas florescens (Pf)., Trichoderma sp.2., Trichoderma sp.3., Bacillus sp.1 + Trichoderma sp.2 + Pf., Bacillus sp.3 + Trichoderma sp.2 + Pf., Bacillus sp.1 + Trichoderma sp.3 + Pf., Bacillus sp.3 + Trichoderma sp.3 + Pf, and Control). Each treatment was repeated 3 times. The results showed that the biological agents Trichoderma sp., Bacillus sp., and Pseudomonas fluorescent as antagonist agents have varying inhibitory abilities against pathogens Stemphylium vesicarium and Alternaria porri. Inhibition by Bacillus sp. against S. vesicarium by 60.51-63.75% and by Trichoderma sp. by 25.78-31.47%. Meanwhile for A. porri. both bacterial and fungal antagonist agents had an inhibition between 45.09-79.15%. Antagonist agents Trichoderma sp.3 alone and the combination of Bacillus sp.1 + Trichoderma sp.3 + Pseudomonas fluorescens can increase the number of leaves and the number of seedlings of shallots. Antagonist agent Trichoderma sp.3 alone and in combination between Bacillus sp.3 + Trichoderma sp.3 + P. fluorescens can reduce the attacks intensity of S. vesicarium and A. porri diseases.
Bioassay test of Beauveria bassiana alginate pellet formulation on mortality of Spodoptera frugiperda in the laboratory
Authors: Ermiyanti Irna , Hasri Otniel Bin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The attack level of Spodoptera frugiperda greatly influences the production of maize in the field. The use of insecticides for control certainly has many negative impacts so that they switch to more environmentally friendly controls. One of them uses the entomopathogenic fungus (EPF) Beuvaria bassiana which has the ability to aggressively paralyze insect larvae and imago that are affected by its spores. The B. bassiana can be mass produced in both solid and liquid media. The aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of the B. bassiana alginatepellet formulation on spore density and mortality of Spodoptera frugiperda test larvae in the laboratory. The efficacy test of the formulation on the test insects was carried out by dipping the test larvae feed into the B. bassiana alginate pellet suspension in each treatment using 50third instar of larvae. Corn had an effect on the spore density of B. bassiana alginate pellets, the highest spore density with conidia density of 2.35x108 conidia/mlwas found in the wheat flour treatment as well as with the highest percentage of mortality of Spodoptera frugiperda larvae, namely on day 6-9 DAA (days after application) in a row of 60%, 68% and 70%. In addition, it can be concluded that the alginate pellet formulation made from the active entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana is effective in controlling the population of Spoduptura frugiperda larvae.
Performance of agronomic characteristics and path analysis of the highland new plant types of rice
Authors: Limbongan Y L , Driyunitha  , Parari T Y , Sjahril R 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study aims to examine the good production characteristics and path analyses as well as the character correlation of the highland F4 new plant type of lines. The research was conducted in four paddy fields, namely Bittuang, Rantebua, Sesean, and Tallunglipu sub-districts at altitudes of 650, 850, 1400 and 1600 meters above sea level in North Toraja and Tana Toraja Regencies. This research took place from June to December 2021 and was arranged in randomized block design. The genotypes tested were 30 F4 lines and six control varieties which were repeated 3 times at each location. The results showed that lines with an average productivity of above 4 tons ha−1 at four locations namely G13 (5.17 tons ha−1), G7 (4.91 tons ha−1), G26 (4.80 tons ha−1), G15 (4.65 tons ha−1), G10 (4.55 tons ha−1), G14 (4.47 tons ha−1), and G25 (4.22 tons ha−1). The characters with the highest correlation with production were the weight of filled grain per clump, number of productive tillers, and the weight of grain per panicle, while the characters that had the highest positive direct effect were number of productive tillers, weight of filled grain per panicle and percentage of filled grain per panicle.
Agro-morphological characteristics, anthocyanin, and sweetness level of Yardlong bean genotypes (Vigna unguiculata (L.) ssp. sesquipedalis)
Authors: Ihsanto T D , Kusmiyati F , Anwar S , Sas M G A , Putra F P 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Plant characterization is one of the activities in plant breeding before the variety can be registered. In the previous study, two parents between purple-podded and green-podded were crossed and produced several red-podded lines. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the characters of progenies (F7) yardlong beans from purple-podded and green-podded. The research was conducted in Sumawono District, Semarang, Central Java. The experiment applied a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with genotype as the single factor. Observations focused on plant characterization included leaf characteristics, flower characteristics, pod characteristics, sweetness level of pods, anthocyanin level on pods, and agronomic traits. The result showed a difference in leaf color, petiole length, leaf width, corolla color, petal color, strokes on petals color, stamen color, pistil color, pod length, pod tip color, pod color, pod texture, sweetness level, anthocyanin level. Hybridization improved the sweetness level of red/purple-podded than the cultivar checks purple-podded.