bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Empirical Color Correction to MIST and PARSEC Isochrones on Gaia BR − RP and G − RP with Benchmark Open Clusters
Authors: Wang Fan , Fang Min , Fu Xiaoting , Chen Yang , Li Lu , Pang Xiaoying , Li Zhongmu , Tang Jing , Cui Wenyuan , Tian Haijun , Liu Chao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Recent literature reports a color deviation between observed Gaia color–magnitude diagrams (CMDs) and theoretical model isochrone predictions, particularly in the very low-mass regime. To assess its impact on cluster age determination via isochrone fitting, we quantified the color deviations for three benchmark clusters, Hyades, Pleiades, and Praesepe, both for the Gaia color (BP − RP) and (G − RP). In general, the (G − RP) color deviations are smaller than the (BP − RP) ones. Empirical color-correction functions based on these benchmarks are derived for the currently available MESA Isochrones and Stellar Tracks and PAdova and TRieste Stellar Evolution Code (PARSEC) 1.2S isochrone models. Applying the correction functions to 31 additional open clusters and 3 moving groups results in a significantly improved alignment between the isochrones and observed CMDs. With our empirical corrections, isochrones provide age estimates consistent with literature values obtained through the spectral lithium depletion boundary method, validating the effectiveness of our approach. The corresponding metallicities with PARSEC 1.2S also show a good agreement with the spectroscopic results. The empirical color-correction function we present in this work offers a tool for a consistent age determination within the full mass range of stellar clusters using the isochrone fitting method.
A Subclass of Gamma-Ray Burst Originating from Compact Binary Merger
Authors: Wang Chen-Wei , Tan Wen-Jun , Xiong Shao-Lin , Yi Shu-Xu , Moradi Rahim , Li Bing , Zhang Zhen , Wang Yu , Meng Yan-Zhi , Wu Bo-Bing , Liu Jia-Cong , Wang Yue , Xie Sheng-Lun , Xue Wang-Chen , Yu Zheng-Hang , Zhang Peng , Zhang Wen-Long , Zhang Yan-Qiu , Zheng Chao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Type I gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are believed to originate from compact binary mergers usually with a duration of main emission less than 2 s. However, recent observations of GRB 211211A and GRB 230307A indicate that some merger-origin GRBs could last much longer. Since they show strikingly similar properties (indicating a common mechanism), which are different from the classic “long”-short burst (e.g., GRB 060614), we find they form an interesting subclass of type I GRBs, and we suggest to name them as type IL GRB. We find that the prompt emission of type IL GRB is composed of three episodes: (1) a precursor followed by a short quiescent (or weak emission) period, (2) a long-duration main emission, and (3) an extended emission. With this burst pattern, a good candidate, GRB 170228A, was found in the Fermi/Gamma-ray Burst Monitor archive data. Temporal and spectral analyses indeed show that GRB 170228A falls in the same group with GRB 211211A and GRB 230307A in many diagnostic figures. Thus, this burst pattern could be a good reference for rapidly identifying type IL GRBs and very helpful for conducting low-latency follow-up observation. We estimated the occurrence rate and discussed the physical origins and implications for the three emission episodes of type IL GRBs. Our analysis suggests the premerger precursor model, especially the magnetar super flare model, is more favored for type IL GRBs. More observations in multiwavelength and multimessenger are required to deepen our understanding of this subclass of GRB.
A Sensitivity Analysis of the Modeling of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Emission in Galaxies
Authors: Maragkoudakis A. , Boersma C. , Temi P. , Bregman J. D. , Allamandola L. J. , Esposito V. J. , Ricca A. , Peeters E. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We have conducted a sensitivity analysis on the mid-infrared spectral decomposition of galaxies and the modeling of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission spectrum with the NASA Ames PAH Infrared Spectroscopic Database (PAHdb) to assess the variance on the average galaxy PAH population properties under a grid of different modeling parameters. We find that the short-low and short-low+long-low Spitzer-IRS decomposition with PAHFIT provides consistent modeling and recovery of the 5–15 μm PAH emission spectrum. For PAHdb modeling, application of a redshift to the calculated spectra to account for anharmonic effects introduces a 15%–20% variance on the derived parameters, while its absence improves the fits by ∼13%. The 4.00-α release of PAHdb achieves the complete modeling of the 6–15 μm PAH spectrum, including the full 6.2 μm band, improving the average fitting uncertainty by a factor of 2. The optimal PAHdb modeling configuration requires selection of pure PAHs without applying a redshift to the bands. Although quantitatively the PAHdb-derived parameters change under different modeling configurations or database versions, their variation follows a linear scaling, with previously reported trends remaining qualitatively valid. PAHdb modeling of JWST observations, and JWST observations smoothed and resampled to the Spitzer-IRS resolution and dispersion have consistent PAHdb derived parameters. Decomposition with different codes, such as PAHFIT and CAFE, produce PAH emission spectra with noticeable variation in the 11–15 μm region, driving a ∼7% difference in the neutral PAH fraction under PAHdb modeling. A new library of galaxy PAH emission templates is delivered to be utilized in galaxy spectral energy distribution modeling.
Foreshock Ultralow Frequency Waves at Mars: Consequence on the Particle Acceleration Mechanisms at the Martian Bow Shock
Authors: Andrés Nahuel , Romanelli Norberto , Mazelle Christian , Chen Li-Jen , Gruesbeck Jacob R. , Espley Jared R. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Using Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN Magnetometer observations, we report the first statistical study of ultralow frequency (ULF) waves at the Martian foreshock. The analyzed foreshock ULF wave events are observed in the 0.008–0.086 Hz frequency range, with nearly circular and elliptical left-handed polarization in the spacecraft reference frame. These waves are propagated quasi-parallel to the ambient magnetic field, with a moderate wave amplitude. All these properties are consistent with fast magnetosonic waves, most likely generated through the ion–ion right-hand resonant instability. In addition, our results suggest that the associated resonant backstreaming protons’ velocities parallel to the mean magnetic field in the solar wind reference frame are 1.33 ± 0.40 times the solar wind velocity. The similarity between our results and previous reports at other foreshocks may indicate the presence of a common acceleration process acting in planetary bow shocks and that is responsible for this particular backstreaming population.
The Fate of the Interstellar Medium in Early-type Galaxies. V. Active Galactic Nucleus Feedback from Optical Spectral Classification
Authors: Ryzhov Oleh , Michałowski Michał J. , Nadolny J. , Hjorth J. , Leśniewska A. , Solar M. , Nowaczyk P. , Gall C. , Takeuchi T. T. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Quenching of star formation plays a fundamental role in galaxy evolution. This process occurs due to the removal of the cold interstellar medium (ISM) or stabilization against collapse, so that gas cannot be used in the formation of new stars. In this paper, we study the effect of different mechanisms of ISM removal. In particular, we revised the well-known Baldwin–Philips–Terlevich (BPT) and EWHα
versus [N ii]/Hα (WHAN) emission-line ratio diagnostics, so that we could classify all galaxies, even those not detected at some emission lines, introducing several new spectral classes. We use spectroscopic data and several physical parameters of 2409 dusty early-type galaxies in order to find out the dominant ionization source (active galactic nuclei, AGNs, young massive stars, hot low-mass evolved stars, HOLMES) and its effect on the ISM. We find that strong AGNs can play a significant role in the ISM removal process only for galaxies with ages lower than 109.4 yr, but we cannot rule out the influence of weak AGNs at any age. For older galaxies, HOLMES/planetary nebulae contribute significantly to the ISM removal process. Additionally, we provide the BPT and WHAN classifications not only for the selected sample but also for all 300,000 galaxies in the Galaxy And Mass Assembly survey fields.
Evaluation of the Single-component Thermal Dust Emission Model in Cosmic Microwave Background Experiments
Authors: Liu 刘 Hao 浩 , Li 李 Jia-Rui 嘉睿 , Cai 蔡 Yi-Fu 一夫 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
It is well known that multiple Galactic thermal dust emission components may exist along the line of sight, but a single-component approximation is still widely used, since a full multicomponent estimation requires a large number of frequency bands that are only available with future experiments. In light of this, we present a reliable, quantitative, and sensitive criterion to test the goodness of all kinds of dust emission estimations. This can not only give a definite answer to the quality of current single-component approximations but also help determine preconditions of future multicomponent estimations. Upon the former, previous works usually depend on a more complicated model to improve the single-component dust emission; however, our method is free from any additional model, and is sensitive enough to directly discover a substantial discrepancy between the Planck High Frequency Instrument data (100–857 GHz) and associated single-component dust emission estimations. This is the first time that the single-component estimation is ruled out by the data itself. For the latter, a similar procedure will be able to answer two important questions for estimating the complicated Galactic emissions: the number of necessary foreground components and their types.
Transdimensional Inference for Gravitational-wave Astronomy with Bilby
Authors: Tong Hui , Guttman Nir , Clarke Teagan A. , Lasky Paul D. , Thrane Eric , Payne Ethan , Nathan Rowina , Farr Ben , Fishbach Maya , Ashton Gregory , Marco Valentina Di 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
It has become increasingly useful to answer questions in gravitational-wave astronomy using transdimensional models, where the number of free parameters can be varied depending on the complexity required to fit the data. Given the growing interest in transdimensional inference, we introduce a new package for the Bayesian inference Library (Bilby), called tBilby. The tBilby package allows users to set up transdimensional inference calculations using the existing Bilby architecture with off-the-shelf nested samplers and/or Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithms. Transdimensional models are particularly helpful when seeking to test theoretically uncertain predictions described by phenomenological models. For example, bursts of gravitational waves can be modeled using a superposition of N wavelets, where N is itself a free parameter. Short pulses are modeled with small values of N, whereas longer, more complicated signals are represented with a large number of wavelets stitched together. Other transdimensional models have been used to describe instrumental noise and the population properties of gravitational-wave sources. We provide a few demonstrations of tBilby, including fitting the gravitational-wave signal GW150914 with a superposition of N sine-Gaussian wavelets. We outline our plans to further develop the tBilby code suite for a broader range of transdimensional problems.
Keiferia azapaensis sp. nov., the first representative of the New World micromoth genus Keiferia Busck (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) associated with a member of Asteraceae
Authors: Vargas Héctor 
Published: January 2025

The New World micromoth genus Keiferia Busck, 1939 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae, Gelechiinae, Gnorimoschemini) includes 21 described species, ten of which occur in South America. Like the tomato pinworm, K. lycopersicella (Walsingham, 1897), all the species of Keiferia, whose host plants have been documented, are associated exclusively with members of the family Solanaceae.
Keiferia azapaensis sp. nov. is described and illustrated, based on adults reared from leaf miner larvae collected on the shrub Trixis cacalioides (Kunth) D. Don (Asteraceae) in the Atacama Desert, northern Chile. Despite this unusual host plant, a Maximum Likelihood analysis, based on mitochondrial DNA sequences, placed the new species within a well-supported Keiferia clade. The discovery of the trophic association between K. azapaensis sp. nov. and T. cacalioides represents the first record of a member of Asteraceae as a host plant for the micromoth genus Keiferia.
Tinodes lumbardhi sp. nov. (Trichoptera, Psychomyiidae), a new species from the Lumbardhi i Deçanit River in Kosovo
Authors: Ibrahimi Halil , Bilalli Astrit , Musliu Milaim , Geci Donard , Grapci Kotori Linda 
Published: January 2025

Knowledge about the caddisfly fauna of Kosovo has expanded significantly in recent years; however, new species continue to be described from less-studied regions.
In this paper, we describe a new species, Tinodes lumbardhi sp. nov., from the Lumbardhi i Deçanit River in the Bjeshkët e Nemuna Mountains of Kosovo. The new species is closely related to Tinodes urdhva Olah, 2010 and Tinodes kimminsi Sykora, 1962, but differs in the shapes of segment IX, coxopodites, harpago, phallicata and the basal plate process.
Tinodes lumbardhi sp. nov. represents the sixth recorded species of the genus Tinodes Curtis, 1834, in Kosovo. The species was found in a small, isolated population within a region highly impacted by anthropogenic activities, especially the construction of hydropower plants. Tinodes lumbardhi sp. nov. was found in sympatry with some species rarely encountered in Kosovo, such as Plectrocnemia geniculata McLachlan, 1871, Rhyacophila loxias Schmid, 1970 and Rhyacophila siparantum Ibrahimi, Bilalli & Kučinić, 2021. Ongoing human activities have placed increasing pressures on the river’s ecosystem, further emphasising the conservation importance of identifying and protecting these rare and specialised species within Kosovo’s freshwater habitats.
Dermatological Manifestations in Immunocompromised Pediatric Patients on Chemotherapy: A Cross-sectional, Observational Study
Authors: Rai Tulika , Mahawar Rajendra Kumar , Aggarwal Priyanka 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Pediatric patients on chemotherapy suffer from various dermatoses due to immunosuppression or due to cutaneous adverse effects of chemotherapy. There is a paucity of literature from our country about the pattern of dermatoses in these patients.

Objectives:
This study has been conducted to know the pattern of dermatological manifestations in immunocompromised pediatric patients.

Materials and Methods:
All patients who attended the outpatient department of the division of pediatric hemato-oncology of our hospital and who were diagnosed with hematological and solid organ malignancy were screened. Those children whose guardians were willing to give consent and who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. The design of the study was cross-sectional. At the visit, demographic data, drug history, and history of any chronic disease were collected. The diagnosis of mucocutaneous manifestations was made by the dermatologist mainly on clinical findings. Special investigations such as potassium hydroxide mount for fungus and Tzanck smear were done in few patients when indicated.

Results:
A total of 76 patients were enrolled in the study. The ages of the patients ranged from 1 to 18 years with the mean age (years ± standard deviation) being 8.27 ± 4.24 years. A total of 8 patients (10.5%) had fungal infections. Ten patients (13.1%) had viral infections and six (7.9%) patients had bacterial skin infections. Generalized xerosis was the most common cutaneous manifestation which was seen in 13 patients (17.1%), followed by generalized hyperpigmentation, injection site reactions, and nevi (≤10 in number) in 10 patients (13.2%) each. In mucosal findings, mucositis was the most common manifestation seen in 13 patients (17.1%). In hair changes, anagen effluvium was the most common finding seen in 30 patients (39.5%).

Discussion:
Mucocutaneous findings are common in pediatric patients on chemotherapy. Prompt diagnosis and treatment reduce morbidity and improve the quality of life in these patients.

Conclusion:
Mucocutaneous findings are common in pediatric patients on chemotherapy due to cutaneous adverse effects of chemotherapy and immunosuppression.
Clinico-Microbiological Profile of Urinary Tract Infections in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Study Based in a Hospital Dedicated to Diabetes Care
Authors: Shaikh Suhail M. , Tiwari Shalbha , Purandare Vedavati B , Bhalekar Prashant , Bhake Ragini , Patil Neelam B , More Harshal P. , Unnikrishnan Ambika G. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
People with diabetes are prone to urinary tract infections (UTIs). The inappropriate use of antibiotics can lead to the development of multidrug-resistant infections, prolonging patient recovery and significantly increasing healthcare costs. In a hospital focused on diabetes care, it becomes important to ascertain the clinical and microbiological profiles to develop appropriate institutional infection control protocols for managing such patients more effectively on an empirical basis; for this purpose, a pilot study was conducted through a representative sample.

Methods:
The study included randomly selected 60 patients with UTI: 25 patients were from the wards of the hospital and 20 patients were from the intensive care unit, of whom 10 had complicated UTI with multi-organ dysfunction. The remaining (n = 15) were from the outpatient clinic. Microbiological, and where possible, clinical parameters were studied.

Results:
The mean age of the subjects was 67.12 ± 9.84 years and the female-to-male ratio was 38: 22; 37 of the 38 women were postmenopausal. The mean duration of diabetes was 15.20 ± 7.93 years. Fifty subjects (83%) had an HbA1C >7%. Thirty-eight (63%) had recurrent UTI episodes. Four (6.7%) were on sodium glucose 2 transport inhibitors and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was below 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 in 39 cases (65%). Escherichia coli was the most commonly isolated (59.7%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (25.8%). Amikacin was the most effective antibiotic (86.7%), followed by imipenem, piperacillin–tazobactam, and meropenem. Eleven (18%) required ureteric stenting.

Conclusion:
In our study, people with diabetes have unique nature of UTI, characterized by predisposition to postmenopausal women, high need for urological procedures and a strong link to low eGFR, older age, long duration diabetes, and high HbA1C. Amikacin could be the choice of antibiotic on empirical basis for inpatient setting, whereas nitrofurantoin could be the preferred oral antibiotic. Taking cognizance of these results, the study emphasizes the need for specialized infection control programs and guidelines for diabetes care settings.
Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Serum Cytokines Level in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with and Without Foot Infection
Authors: Dwivedi Awanindra , Tiwari Shalbha , Pratyush Daliparthy D , Kishore Pratima , Singh Surya K. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
Diabetic foot infections (DFIs) are a common and serious complication in individuals with diabetes mellitus. Low levels of Vitamin D have been proposed as a risk factor for diabetic foot and may be associated with cytokine dysregulation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Vitamin D supplementation on circulating levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with and without foot infections.

Methods:
T2DM patients with and without foot infections were enrolled as cases and controls. Both groups were supplemented with a total 300,000 IU oral dose of Vitamin D. Serum concentrations of 25 (OH) Vitamin D and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6) were measured in both groups at baseline and follow-up using radioimmunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively.

Results:
Serum concentrations of 25 (OH) Vitamin D significantly increased in both groups (cases: P <0.0001; controls: P =0.012). The difference in mean (±standard deviation) levels of circulating serum inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α and IL-6, at baseline and follow-up was not significant in controls but was significant in cases (TNF-α: P =0.0001; IL-6: P =0.0026).

Conclusion:
Vitamin D supplementation, particularly a high dose (60,000 IU/week) for a short period (5 weeks), significantly reduces inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in patients with DFI, supporting its beneficial role in managing inflammation.
Effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy on liver functions in a symptomatic patient of primary biliary cholangitis: A case report
Authors: Arora Chetna 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A 44 year old married woman was diagnosed with Primary Biliary Cholangitis in Sep 2022. Currently symptoms as described by the patient began in Jan 2024 with weakness, easy fatigability, lethargy, irritability and generalised itching for 3−4 weeks. History of work related stress and family stress was there. The patient was on regular medication since Sep 2022 as prescribed by the Gastroenterologist. The patient was put on Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction Therapy (MBSRT) for 4 weeks in Mar 2024 in addition to the conventional medication with no change in dosage of medication. The results of this study showed a significant reduction in all liver function tests (LFTs) with complete disappearance of symptoms after 4 weeks of MBSRT. It suggests that Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction Therapy can be utilised as an effective adjunct to the conventional pharmacological interventions in a symptomatic patient of Primary Biliary Cholangitis with deterioration of LFTs.
Unveiling a TGFBI Variant in the Retinal Capillary Hemangioblastoma, Type II Granular Corneal Dystrophy, and Von Hippel–Lindau Families: Unlocking Potential for Early Intervention and Targeted Therapy
Authors: Azimi Fatemeh , Khakpour Golnaz , Sedaghat Ahad , Mostafaiee Fatemeh , Kasraei Hengameh , Naseripour Masood 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose:
To identify the potential genetic factors responsible for retinal capillary hemangioblastoma (RCH) and Type II granular corneal dystrophy (GCDII), with autosomal dominant inheritance. We used whole-exome sequencing (WES) in an Iranian family to identify the possible genetic etiology of RCH and GCDII with other manifestations of von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) disease.

Methods:
This study included one Iranian family for WES in index patients and Sanger sequencing in all available individuals.

Results:
Clinical presentations of these patients included RCH, GCD, central nervous system hemangioblastoma as well as pancreatic cyst. WES disclosed a heterozygous known pathogenic variant c.371G>A (p.R124H) in exon 4 of gene TGFBI.

Conclusions:
For the first time, our research identified the potential involvement of TGFBI: c.371G>A (p.R124H) in an Iranian family with RCH, GCDII, and other symptoms of VHL disease. In the future, TGFBI could offer a new understanding and a promising therapeutic approach for both GCDII and VHL diseases simultaneously. Before using the variant in genetic counseling, it is recommended to conduct functional analysis using appropriate animal models to understand its pathogenesis mechanism.