bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Construction of regional breeding indices for cows of the Ayrshire population of the Russian Federation
Authors: Romanova E. , Tulinova O. 
Published: August 2023

An assessment of the Estimation Breeding Value (EBV) of Ayrshire first-calving cows was carried out using the BLUP Animal Model, followed by the modeling of breeding indices and the calculation of weight coefficients, taking into account the segmentation of animal groups by breeding regions. As a result of the assessment of breeding value, differences were established for certain economically useful traits in the studied populations of first-calving cows. In the group of cows from the Republic of Karelia (KRL), estimates for milk yield for 305 days (MY) were +263 kg, fat yield (FAT) +9.2 kg, protein yield (PROT) +8.7 kg. Animals from the Leningrad region (LO) had the most desirable reproduction scores: days open (DO) and Intercalving period (ICP) were at the level of -0.15 and +0.08 days, respectively. The fertility index (FI) turned out to be at the level of +0.19, yielding in value only to first-calving cows from the KRL, whose estimates were +0.31. A negative genetic relationship between MY and the percentage of fat and protein (rg = -0.100, rg = -0.096) and a low phenotypic relationship (rp = +0.013, rp = +0.168, respectively), were revealed. The phenotypic correlation of MY with live weight at 10 months (W10) was +0.351, which is higher compared to other signs of development. The heritability coefficients of developmental indicators, such as W10, live weight at the first insemination (W1INS) and after the first calving (W1C) had insignificant differences between themselves and amounted to: 0.17, 0.20 and 0.18, respectively. On the basis of phenotypic and genetic correlation coefficients and heritability coefficients of the studied traits, on average for the population, a general index was used, and taking into account differences in regions, regional indices were developed. The main difference between the presented indices is the values of weight coefficients. In the Republic of Komi, in comparison with other regions, MY for 305 days (+54.94) and FI (+0.90) take more weight, in the Siberian Federal District (SFO) - FAT (+12.98), in the Southern Federal District (SFO) - PROT (+26.9), and in the index for the LO - the indicator W10 (+0.50). The values of weight coefficients for W10 differ between regions not only in terms of values, but also in direction. According to this indicator, negative weighting coefficients were noted in the Vologda (-0.30), Kirov regions (-0.10) and the Southern Federal Districts (-0.10). In the KRL, there is a greater need to work with the reproductive qualities of animals, as indicated by the weight coefficient for the fertility index equal to +0.25.
Development of Hardfacing Alloys for Power Generation Applications
Authors: Siefert John , Gandy David , Purdy Dan , Shingledecker John , Smith Ryan , Lolla Tapasvi , Babu Suresh , Lherbier Lou , Novotnak David 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Development of wear-resistant hardfacing materials using powder metallurgy/hot isostatic pressing technology offers an alternative to today's cobalt-based materials and those that suffer delamination damage. Ongoing research and development at the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), detailed in this article, examines the application of wear-resistant hardfacing materials using the PM/HIP process. The hope is to eliminate weldability and residual stress challenges associated with some hardfacing alloys, as well as to provide a wider range of potential alloy solutions to reduce cobalt use and to address delamination issues with incumbent materials.
Extrusion Welding in a Magnesium Alloy (AM30) Hollow Section Extrudate
Authors: Alharthi Nabeel H. , Misiolek Wojciech Z. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This article reports on a study to better understand the integrity and microstructure of extrusion welding in a magnesium alloy (AM30) hollow section extrudate using light optical microscopy. The article is based on the entry that won the prestigious Jacquet-Lucas Award for Best in Show at the 2013 International Metallographic Contest.
Finding and Removing Inclusions in Magnesium Alloys
Authors: Elsayed Abdallah , Lun Sin Sophie , Ravindran Comondore (Ravi) 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Understanding both the origin and procedures for removing inclusions in magnesium alloys results in castings with enhanced mechanical and corrosion properties. This article provides an overview of typical inclusions found in magnesium and its alloys, various techniques used to determine inclusion content, and methods employed to reduce inclusions and their influence on properties.
Analytics, Modeling, and Optimization of Industrial Heat Treating Processes
Authors: S. Sahay Satyam , Mohapatra Goutam , Gaster Robert , Guthy Hema 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Manufacturing data together with heat treating knowledge can be synthesized with physics and data-based modeling approaches in a closed loop to provide insight for improving process efficiency and product quality for overall reduction in operating and energy costs. This article provides case studies of data analytics for coil batch annealing and batch carburizing.
The Age of Steel, Part II
Authors: R. Simcoe Charles 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
By 1875, the Bessemer steel industry had spread across the country from eastern Pennsylvania to St. Louis. Pittsburgh was home to a number of plants with multiple converters and the required blast furnaces and rolling mills to serve the growing demand for steel rails and beams. This article describes how Andrew Carnegie developed his steel empire with Pittsburgh as the epicenter.
Overcoming Barriers of Magnesium Ignition and Flammability
Authors: Czerwinski Frank 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The application potential of magnesium alloys as lightweight structural materials in aerospace and especially inside the aircraft cabin are hindered by their high surface reactivity at increased temperatures with particular concerns of ignition and flammability during a potential contact with a flame or other heat source. This article describes global efforts to develop ignition-resistant and nonflammable magnesium alloys. A widely explored avenue involves microalloying magnesium with rare earth metals and other elements having a high affinity to oxygen. As demonstrated by experimental alloys, this approach allows shifting the ignition temperature well above the liquidus, not only easing requirements on protective atmospheres during liquid-state processing, but also increasing the safety margin for possible aerospace applications.
Advanced Designs Pose Challenges for Electronic System Failure Analysis
Authors: Mohiuddin Taqi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
As today's electronics systems continue to shrink and become more complex and pervasive, failures can cause costly downtime, product delays and recalls, and debilitating reputational damage. Finding and fixing failures before they do damage is important, but becomes increasingly challenging when devices are built using ever more complex designs. The solution is to employ a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach to electronic system failure analysis. In addition, many failures can be avoided altogether by thorough testing, coupled with the latest focused ion beam circuit edit techniques. These advanced methods quickly and inexpensively debug and validate design fixes or explore design optimization opportunities in integrated circuits without having to commit to costly and time-consuming full mask spins.
Structural Intermetallics: Alloy Design, Processing, and Applications
Authors: Perepezko John H. , Pint Bruce A. , Forrest David R. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Structural intermetallics offer a number of attractive choices to address an urgent need for materials that can endure harsh environments for extended periods. This article describes current commercial applications for intermetallic materials and work to develop new alloys and applications.
Combustion Driven Powder Compaction Green Manufacturing Enables Higher Performance Parts
Authors: Nagarathnam Karthik , Massey Dennis 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Conventional manufacturing from wrought bar stock typically involves extensive machining, creates significant material waste (scrap metal), and requires numerous steps to obtain the final part geometry. As a more efficient alternative, powder metallurgical (PM) processes are now available to cost effectively fabricate both simple and complex shapes with minimal material waste. Combustion driven higher pressure powder compaction (CDC) for near-net or net shape manufacturing was recently developed. It offers a unique way of forming near-net or net shape high-density powder metal components both cost effectively and at relatively higher compaction pressures than other PM processes.
Nondestructive Acoustic Cross-Sectioning Helps Pinpoint Part Failures
Authors: Adams Tom 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Physical cross-sectioning is commonly used on parts to reveal and study their internal features and defects. An alternative technology, acoustic cross-sectioning, produces equivalent results and images for small parts without damaging them. This article describes a new system for acoustic cross-sectioning and presents a case study of its use in integrated circuit analysis.
Low Temperature Plasma Process Effectively Modifies Surface of Graphene
Authors: Kemp Martin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Harnessing graphene's potential for commercial use requires attaining homogeneous dispersion and strong chemical bonding with the matrix of a target material. This can be achieved by effective surface modification. This article discusses approaches to graphene surface modification and includes a case study for using graphene as a filler to improve the mechanical properties of polymer composites.
Monetary reform in the context of the post-war economic recovery of Ukraine: posing the question
Authors: Studinski Volodymyr , Studinska Galyna 
Published: August 2023

Formulation of the problem. The modern Russian-Ukrainian war, which began back in 2014 with the occupation of Crimea and parts of the Donetsk and Luhansk regions, as well as its subsequent continuation and deployment of a full-scale invasion of the territory of Ukraine by the Russian army, which led to serious destruction of the cities and villages of our country, set a number of serious issues not only in the context of the functioning of the country's economy, but also in the context of its post-war recovery. The issue of economic recovery of Ukraine is now being actively considered and studied both by our state and by partner countries. Reforming the monetary system of Ukraine in this context takes on special importance. The subject of research is the monetary system of Ukraine in historical dynamics. The purpose of this study is to determine possible prospects for reforming the modern monetary system of Ukraine in the post-war period. Also determination of prospects for integration of the monetary system of Ukraine into the monetary system of the EU. The methodological basis of the research is historical, analytical, comparative and statistical methods. Research results. In the article, an attempt is made to consider the issue of the perspective of the reform of the monetary system of Ukraine in the post-war period and to determine the orientations of its development in the future. Field of application. The results of the article can be used by universities, public and political organizations, students, graduate students, teachers; state administration bodies. Conclusions. As a result of the full-scale aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine, a number of serious problems arose in the field of finance. In particular, this concerns the monetary system of Ukraine. First of all, we are talking about stabilization of the national currency and control of inflationary processes. In the post-war period, the question of bringing the money and commodity mass into line, as well as the exchange rate of the national currency, the hryvnia, with other currencies of the world, will arise acutely.
Government securities in ensuring the debt security of Ukraine in conditions of full-scale war
Authors: Cheberyako Oksana , Zakrushevskyi Roman 
Published: August 2023

The subject of research there is conceptual principles of issuing government securities to ensure debt security in conditions of full-scale war. The purpose of the article is to clarify the economic essence of the debt security category through the definition of its structural elements, as well as the features, advantages and reasons for issuing government securities in conditions of full-scale war. Method or methodology of the study. During the research, historical, analytical-empirical, inductive-deductive, comparative research methods were used to implement the principle of objectivity of scientific presentation; the method of analysis and synthesis - when evaluating indicators of debt security; graphical presentation of research results - when calculating the weighted average yield of military bonds. Results of the article. The article examines the issue of the essence, reasons for the issue and profitability of government securities in the conditions of martial law in Ukraine, considers the need for the management of government securities as the only tool in subordinating the government from the standpoint of ensuring Ukraine's debt security in the conditions of a full-scale war. It is considered that a full-fledged and liquid internal market of government securities will allow to reduce the cost of state borrowing and reduce the risks of default. Attention is paid to the matter of the issue and profitability of a new financial instrument for Ukraine - military OVDP. Debt security is studied as a dynamic process taking into account the positive effects of the use of borrowed external and internal funds. It was determined that the full-scale war reversed the positive trend towards a decrease in the share of public debt in GDP and forced a departure from the strategy of strengthening debt security, and the growth of governamental debt during the state of war is a forced phenomenon. Field of application of results. The results of the research can be used in the theory and practice of public debt management in conditions of full-scale war. The assessment of debt indicators and their analysis will be a relevant source of information for developing ways to strengthen Ukraine's debt security in peacetime. Conclusions. The growth of the public debt during martial law is a forced phenomenon: tax revenues allow to finance expenditures by only one third. Having analyzed the structure of the public debt from the standpoint of instruments for attracting funds, we can come to the conclusion that government securities are the only state-controlled instrument for ensuring debt security in conditions of forced and uncontrolled growth, primarily of external state debt. Military bonds have a specific purpose, and the economic risks caused by a military invasion do not allow the use of OZDP and Eurobonds as debt refinancing instruments.
Shopping Lifestyle dan Diskon terhadap Impulse Buying di E-Commerce
Authors: Ningrum Putri Agustin Dwi , Pudjoprastyono Hery 
Published: August 2023

This study aims to analyze the effect of shopping lifestyle and discounts on impulse buying in e-commerce Shopee for UPN "Veteran" East Java students. This research method is quantitative and uses the variables "Shopping Lifestyle" (X1), "Discounts" (X2), and "Impulse Buying" (Y) as research variables. This study used a convenience sample of 70 people who were taken non-probabilistically. Information was collected by sending questionnaires to prospective respondents. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is a component-based data analysis technique that utilizes the Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis tool. The results showed, a) the Shopping Lifestyle variable for Impulse Buying had a path coefficient value of 0.533508, a T-statistic value of 7.783541 > 1.96 (from the table of Zα values ​​= 0.05), and a P-Value of 0.000 < 0.050; b) the Discount variable (X2) to Impulse Buying (Y) has a path coefficient value of 0.252657, a T-statistic value of 7.783541 > 1.96 (from the Zα value table = 0.05), and a P-Value of 0.001 <0.050. In conclusion, shopping lifestyle and discounts have a statistically significant positive effect on impulse buying made at Shopee.
Keywords: Discounts, Impulse Buying, Shopee, Shopping Lifestyle
Teknologi Pendidikan dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Hidup dan Kepatuhan pada Penderita Hipertensi
Authors: Firmansyah Firmansyah , Irawati Diana , Fajarini Melati 
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of educational technology in improving the quality of life and compliance in hypertensive patients. The research method is quasi-experimental, with a research design before and after educational interventions. The results showed that the majority of respondents aged >50 years were ten people (83.3%), female sex was eight people (66.7%), with high school education status were six people (50%), respondents had a history of hypertension numbering ten people (83.3 %), and the maximum BMI value is 25.1-27 of 7 people (58.3%). In conclusion, educational interventions with flipcharts can improve quality of life scores and enhance adherence to hypertension treatment, with attentive listening and dialogue built within health facilities and in community spaces that can facilitate decision-making about strategies to promote life improvements.

Keywords: Hypertension, Quality of Life, Educational Technology
Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) sebagai Terapi Tingkat Depresi pada Lansia
Authors: Anggraini Refina , Yuniartika Wachidah 
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) on reducing depression in older people in Gumpang Village. This research method uses a quantitative approach in the form of a pre-experiment with one-group pretest-post-design research conducted from November 2022 to December 2022. Respondents in this study were 87 elderly respondents in Gumpang Village, Kartasura District, Sukoharjo Regency. Respondents were taken using the Accidental Sampling Technique. Respondents were selected according to the discussion criteria as samples. Data collection used a research instrument in the form of a GDS-15 questionnaire with a total of 15 questions. The results of this study indicate that the p-value = 0.000 ≤ α = 0.05 (the p-value is smaller than α = 0.05). In conclusion, there are significant differences in depression before and after CBT therapy. Giving CBT has a substantial impact on reducing the level of depression in older people in Gumpang Village.

Keywords: Depression, Elderly, Cognitive Therapy
Perbandingan Efektivitas Latihan Intradialisis dan Profiling Suhu dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Layanan Hemodialisis
Authors: Ginting Leo , Masfuri Masfuri , Kariasa I Made 
Published: August 2023

This study aims to describe the effectiveness of intradialytic exercises and HD temperature profiling in improving the quality of HD services. The literature search method is based on the compilation of PICO through online database searches on Clinicalkey, Clinicalkey Nursing, ScienceDirect, EBSCO, ProQuest, and Scopus. Journal search results obtained 20,106 articles; after the selection stage, nine reports were obtained for analysis, consisting of 5 RCT articles, one systematic review article, two quasi-experimental articles, and one meta-analysis article. The results showed that HD patients who were routinely given intradialytic exercises would show an increase in HD adequacy achievements, suppress inflammatory reactions, increase albumin and hemoglobin values, reduce the erythropoietin resistance index, increase phosphate clearance, improve the quality of life of HD patients and minimize the risk of both acute and chronic complications. Chronic disease caused by HD. Meanwhile, temperature profiling can reduce the incidence of intradialytic hypotension, pruritus, and fatigue and reduce the severity of Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS) without interfering with the achievement of HD adequacy. This study concludes that intradialytic training and temperature profiling effectively improve the quality of HD services.

Keywords: HD Quality, HD Patient Quality of Life, Intradialysis Exercise, Temperature Profiling
Terapi Mindfulness terhadap Kesehatan Mental Remaja
Authors: Firdaus Annisa Mazda , Sawitri Dian R. , Dwidiyanti Meidiana 
Published: August 2023

This study aims to identify the effectiveness of mindfulness interventions on mental health conditions in adolescents. The method used is a systematic literature review with seven national and international research articles reviewed utilizing the search engines PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar within the last six years. The research results from the identification of 7 research articles found significant effects of mindfulness interventions on adolescent mental health conditions, such as increasing the ability to regulate emotions, resilience, and reducing stress, depression, and anxiety. The conclusion of this literature review strengthens the effectiveness of mindfulness in improving adolescent mental health in a more positive direction.

Keywords: Mental Health, Mindfulness, Adolescents
Beyond Male Israeli Soldiers, Palestinian Women, Rape, and War
Authors: Madar Revital 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Israeli denials and classification of documents, alongside scholarly work (Nitsán 2007; Wood 2006), have all contributed to the perception that aside from the 1948 war and its aftermath, rape and other forms of sexual violence are missing from Israel's military toolbox. A spatial intersectional analysis of Israeli state sexual violence against Palestinians finds that in the context of the occupied Palestinian territories (oPt), the wartime rape paradigm is doing a disservice. It further silences Israeli state sexual violence against Palestinians and diverts our attention from the colonial nature of the Israeli control regime. These findings unearth (1) the risks of stripping rape of the specific context in which it materializes, (2) the importance of incorporating power structures that transgress the framework of conflict and war-related sexual violence and (3) the necessity of deciphering and attending to colonial and settler colonial- related sexual violence.
The Other Side of the Border
Authors: Ferreri Veronica 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In the wake of the Syrian uprising in 2011, Syrian dissidents in Lebanon cultivated their revolutionary commitment with the support of Lebanese communities. This political solidarity morphed into humanitarian care toward wounded and displaced Syrians in response to the emergency created by the war. With the mutations of the war in Syria and the collapse of the revolution as a political project, these solidarities were reconfigured to tackle the everyday hardship of displacement. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in Lebanon (2014–2019), the article retraces the manifold incarnations of revolutionary solidarity in Lebanon and their relation to the other side of the border. By moving away from hospitality, the article rethinks the Syrian displacement in Lebanon through the concept of solidarity and its spatial and temporal intricacies.