bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of Groundwater Resources using Geoelectrical Resistivity Method for Drought Mitigation in Bantur, Malang Regency
Authors: Hasan M F R , Juwono A M , Susilo A , Aprilia F , Sheliyana P , Abidin R R , Perdana B K , Agung P A M 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The drought problem is the biggest threat especially in densely populated areas such as Rejosari Village and Malang Regency. Therefore, the village needs aquifer reserves to meet the need for groundwater supply. This study aims to determine the location of groundwater sources using the geoelectrical resistivity method as a reference for making drilled wells. This acquisition uses a geoelectrical resistivity method schlumberger configuration with a line length of 400 to 600 meters. Then, resistivity data are processed with IP2WIN software to obtain lateral resistivity values for rocks at different depths on each survey point. The study outcomes will lead to recommendations for drilling points, to discover new groundwater sources in the research area. The results show that the aquifer layer consists of sandy tuff and sand rocks. Interpretation of resistivity sections shows varying aquifer depths at six measurement locations, ranging from 2.9 meters for shallow aquifers to 135 meters for deep aquifers. The drilling recommendation is Bantur-1 because, at that point, it has quite large potential reserves, as indicated by the thickness of the aquifer zone. Based on the drilling data, groundwater was found at a depth of 70 meters below the surface. This stage proves that the results of this study correlate with the actual drilling results.
Performance evaluation and error decomposition of CMORPH satellite precipitation estimation for Klang Valley, Malaysia
Authors: Chai V H , Chin R J , Ling L , Huang Y F , Soo E Z X 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Satellite Precipitation Estimations (SPEs) have gained traction as a viable substitute for estimating urban rainfall. However, their performance assessment in Malaysia continues to be constrained. As an effort to enhance urban rainfall estimations, this study examines the performance of Climate Prediction Center Morphing technique (CMORPH) over urbanized areas of the Klang Valley from 2011 to 2020, through continuous and categorical statistical metrics. The continuous statistical metrics consists Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Percentage Bias (PBIAS) and Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient (CC). Meanwhile, the categorical statistical metrics include False Alarm Ratio (FAR), Probability of Detection (POD), Critical Success Index (CSI) and Accuracy (ACC). The performance assessment was conducted on seasonal scale, comprising of Northeast Monsoon (NEM), Southwest Monsoon (SWM), Intermonsoon 1 (IM1) and Intermonsoon 2 (IM2). CMORPH exhibits strongest correlation with rain gauge during IM2 with maximum correlation coefficient (CC) recorded at 0.52. However, it exhibited significant inaccuracies in PBIAS, MAE and RMSE with values of 2514.04%, 111.41 mm/day, and 210.94 mm/day, respectively. Besides, characteristics of errors in CMORPH were identified using the error decomposition technique, which contains overhit bias, underhit bias, false bias and miss bias. The analysis shows that overhit bias is the main error component that contribute to the total bias in CMORPH at seasonal scale. High false bias and substantial total bias, primarily due to overestimation and false detection, underscore the need for further refinement of the CMORPH algorithm.
Evaluation of eigenvector employed in analytical hierarchical procedure for river stability index development
Authors: Haron N A , Yusuf B , Sulaiman M S 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The development of a river stability index (RSI) marks a significant advancement in understanding river formation and geomorphic responses. One major problem that led to the development of the RSI was the lack of a comprehensive and standardized method to evaluate the stability of rivers, resulting in inconsistent assessments and management strategies. By utilizing an analytic hierarchical procedure (AHP), the RSI provides a systematic approach to quantifying river stability. This paper focuses on the evaluation of the eigenvector of the hierarchical structure employed in AHP. Five parameters have been selected including morphology, geomorphic responses, channel slope, bed materials, and stream power. The results show that the most influential parameters that have a significant effect on river stability based on the eigenvector are as follows: geomorphic responses (51%), morphology (21%), stream power (17%), channel slope (7%), and bed materials (4%). The consistency ratio is 0.07 which is less than 0.1 verifies the eigenvector is accurate and consistent.
Coagulation Performance of Hydrolysed (Alum) and Pre-Hydrolysed (PAC) Coagulants for Ammoniacal Nitrogen (AN) Removal from Matured Leachate
Authors: Hazmee M.I.H.M , Zin N.S.M , Zailani L.W.M , Rasid N.A.N.A 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Coagulation is commonly used in removing pollutants from matured leachate because of the low biodegradability of leachate that only suits the physical-chemical treatment method. Coagulant types are affecting the removal of pollutants as a consequence of leachate variability characteristics. This research aimed to assess the performance of hydrolysed alum (aluminium chloride) and pre-hydrolysed PAC (polyaluminium chloride) coagulants in AN removal from matured leachate under dosage, pH and settling time. It was found that the optimal conditions for hydrolysed alum were obtained at a dosage of 3000 mg/L, pH 4, settling time 30 minutes with 22% AN removal meanwhile for pre-hydrolysed PAC coagulants were obtained at a dosage of 2000 mg/L, pH 7, time of 20 minutes with 29% AN removal respectively. In conclusion, pre-hydrolysed PAC coagulants performed better in AN removal than hydrolysed alum coagulants.
Identification of Key Greenhouse Gas Emission Sources for Construction Activities of an Integrated Oil and Gas Company.
Authors: Wei Cheong Tse , Rao Thirupathi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
An integrated oil and gas company requires regular investments to construct new plants and facilities to sustain its operations and production. The construction of these new facilities by the third-party contractors results in emissions of greenhouse gases (“GHG”) from various sources. To identify the key GHG emission sources from the construction activities of such large capital projects, GHG emissions were calculated for a representative sample of projects. The results were then extrapolated to the remaining unsampled projects to estimate the total emissions from each type of GHG emission source. It was determined that marine vessels used for offshore installation projects were the most significant source of GHG emissions as it accounted for 85% of the total emissions from all construction activities. This indicates that any efforts to reduce GHG emissions from oil and gas construction activities would be most impactful if it is focussed on offshore installation projects. However, the quantum of these emissions that originate from the third-party contractors’ activities is relatively insignificant compared to the emissions from sources that are owned or operated directly by an oil and gas company.
UAV Thermal Imaging for Solar Panel Assessment
Authors: Idris N F , Ahmad M A , Kahlid M D , Kamal A , Hamdan H , Ahmad M J 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
One of the most significant sustainable energy sources in recent times is solar energy. A high-rise building’s solar panels are usually costly and require considerable time to inspect. The installation of solar panels using monocrystalline solar cells at Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environment (FKAAB) building is a notable step towards the university’s commitment to sustainability and environmental responsibility. This study utilized unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) equipped with thermal imaging technology to inspect solar panels at the FKAAB building. UAV with thermal camera captured images of defects at FKAAB and produced orthographic images of the temperature of the solar panel. The surface temperatures of solar panels that are normally functioning range from 45°C to 49°C, while those that are abnormally operating range from 50°C to 55°C. This result found that 97.8% of the panel are below 50°C, and only 2.2% of the panel exceeded 50°C. It shows that most of the panel is within the normal condition. It is concluded that the solar panel inspection technique utilizing UAV-based thermal imaging can be helpful for monitoring and safety checks.
Evaluation of biochar amendments to retain organic compounds in soil
Authors: Hmaied A , Ben Hassen Trabelsi A , Hammecker C 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The use of biochar is frequently recommended as a low-cost mitigation strategy. Biochar can be easily and inexpensively produced from various agricultural residues. In this study, we produced and evaluated the impact of biochar derived from rosemary, bamboo, St. John’s wort, olive tree wood, cypress, and palm trees on the mobility and retention of emerging contaminants. The initial stage of this work involved the evaluation of the potential retention capacity of various biochars produced in a low-cost metallic kiln using local biomass residues. Methylene blue was used as a proxy for organic contaminants to establish adsorption isotherms and quantify the biochars’ specific surface area and adsorption capacities. Adsorption isotherms at 20°C were fitted to different models to assess their specific surface areas.
The results showed that biochars derived from rosemary, giant reed, and St. John’s wort exhibited significant adsorption capacities. Average adsorption capacities for cypress and olive tree were observed, while traditional olive and palm trees showed low adsorption capacities.
In the second stage, we evaluated the dynamic retention properties of biochar using soil monolith experiments. We analyse methylene blue (MB) elution curves with and without biochar addition. The presence of biochar in the soil monoliths significantly improved the retention of MB, demonstrating its effectiveness as an adsorbent filter. Specifically, biochar-amended soil monoliths exhibited an increase in MB retention compared to unamended controls. The breakthrough curves showed a delay in the elution of MB of 2,33 pore volumes in biochar-amended monolith increase in sorption capacity. Furthermore, the total recovered MB in the effluent was reduced by 66 % in biochar-treated samples. These quantitative findings underscore the robust potential of biochar for improving water quality by mitigating pollutant transport through the soil. The results suggest that the application of biochar could serve as an effective strategy to reduce agricultural runoff contamination in vulnerable watersheds.
Effects of biochar use on drought and salinity stresses for cowpea production
Authors: Andriatsitohaina R , Sumalan R , Rasolomampianina R 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Climate change is unavoidable and compromises future food availability. The aim of this research is to identify the physiological behaviour of vigna unguiculata. It is a common plant in Africa with drought’s resilience. An experiment was conducted at the University of Life Science “King Michael I”, Romania in 2023. Four treatments included C (Control soil without stresses), B (soil with 5% of biochar without stresses), D (soil with 5% of biochar with drought stress) and S (soil with 5% of biochar with salinity stress) were compared under total randomized experimental design. The biochar used during experiment come from rice husk. The drought-stress starts with 90% of plant watering and finished to 22% of plant watering and the salinity stress starts at 250 mM and finished at 450 mM. Evaluation are focussing on leaf area, chlorophyll content and stomatal conductance. The results show that water stress does not affect leaf area until 22% of plant watering. Also at this stage, stomatal conductance shows significant difference of 22.51±0.95 mmol/m2s1 compared to control 59.96±0.37 mmol/m2s1. Under salinity stress at 450 mM of concentration, the leaf area are 111.40 ± 6.77 cm2 compared to control 174.88 ± 3.91 cm2. The treatment with biochar improves positively leaf area 266.56 ± 7.34 cm2 the leaf area is correlate of the fresh biomass weight result. Total chlorophyll is not affected by the various stresses. These results contribute for having better knowledge that vigna unguiculata can offer response to climate change and also how biochar can preserve crop production under stresses.
Impact of compost and biochar amendment on date (Phoenix dactylifera) production at different phenological stages.
Authors: Barkat K , Guimeur K , Bedjaoui H 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The date palm is the pivot of the oasis system. This work focuses on improving date production by using amendments based on date palm waste. The main objective is to study the effect of compost and biochar on date production. The trial was carried out at the ITDAS “El-Hadjeb” station on 36 palm trees of the “Deglet Nour” cultivar over 10 years old. For field fertilization, several combinations were tested, including biochar combined with manure and chemical fertilizers, as well as biochar combined with compost and fertilizers, or biochar alone with manure or compost. Biometric parameters measured included date length, width, and weight, as well as yield (kg/palm) at different maturity stages (Loulou, Khalal, and Tamar). Biochemical parameters measured included moisture and acidity at the Tamar stage. The main results indicate that the biochar-manure combination treatment was more effective than other treatments in improving biometric parameters at different stages of maturity, increasing yield by around 92 kg/palm. For biochemical parameters, the lowest average titratable acidity was recorded with the biochar-manure-fertilizer and biochar manure combinations, at 0.06 meq/100g and 0.0625 meq/100g respectively. On the other hand, the highest average was observed for the control with 0.287 meq/100g. The lowest water content was recorded in the mineral fertilizer treatment with an average of 9.5%. However, the highest average was observed in the biochar-manure treatment with a value of 15%. Biochar can help retain water and nutrients in the soil, creating a favorable environment for date growth. This can enable plants to benefit rapidly from available nutrients.
Time-Lapse Monitoring of Injected Fluid Migration in Hydrocarbon Reservoir using Low-Frequency Passive Seismic
Authors: Jannah Tsamrotul , Verdhora Ry Rexha 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Injecting fluids into wells near the reservoir is a strategy used to address tight reservoir issues. One such instance is carried out in the “TS” Oil and Gas Field. We propose low-frequency passive seismic (LFPS) measurements in continuous recording as surveillance to monitor fluid injection activities in the field and support the evaluation of connectivity between injection wells and production wells. This study utilized hydrocarbon-related spectral attributes, i.e., power spectral density – integral of Z component (PSD-IZ) and vertical-to-horizontal spectral ratio (V/H). The findings demonstrated that, consistent with anomalies, stations near the injection well had greater PSD-IZ and V/H values, especially those over the oil field. V/H max values were noticeably higher than 1, and PSD-IZ values peaked in the 2–3 Hz frequency region. Trend examination of V/H readings over three months showed injection-process-influenced fluid movement patterns. The V/H values of the stations were much higher when they were closer to the injection well and lower or even declined when they were farther away. Based on the mapping of these changes, the fluid injected from Well F is moving southward. Meanwhile, no clear indications of anomalous changes were observed for the fluid injected from Well G, likely due to differences in injection rates. This study demonstrates that the LFPS method can effectively identify the direction of injected fluid movement when the injection rate exceeds the production rate.
Seismic-based Reservoir Characterization of Thin Shaly-Sandstones Reservoirs using Stochastic Inversion and Elastic Attributes Rotation, Study Case: Lower Terumbu Formation, East Natuna Basin, Indonesia
Authors: Winardhi Sonny , Meickloni Wahyuzi A. , Dinanto Ekkal , Budhi Ritonga A. , Satriawan W. , Budiyono  
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The main reservoir of the Lower Terumbu formation in the East Natuna Basin, Indonesia is shallow marine bioturbated shaly sandstones. A well-based analysis shows that the ratio between P- and S-wave velocities (Vp/Vs ratio) and P-impedance are sensitive to lithology, porosity, and fluid saturation. Therefore, a seismic-based reservoir characterization method is carried out through a two-term Amplitude Versus Offset (AVO) analysis of Ursenbach-Stewart and Extended Elastic Impedance (EEI) inversion approaches. However, since the reservoir thickness is mostly below the tunning thickness, the stochastic inversion technique is utilized. The P-impedance and Vp/Vs ratio resulted from the EEI inversion are then combined to form a pseudo-elastic impedance for lithology (PEIL) and a curved pseudo-elastic impedance (CPEI). These two attributes are used to provide estimates of two main petrophysical parameters, namely porosity and fluid saturation. Results show that fluid saturation can be approximated by CPEI with a correlation of 0.83. Meanwhile, a linear relationship between porosity and PEIL is found with a better correlation of 0.85. Three main results representing P10, P50, and P90 are extracted out of 25 stochastic realizations using a hydrocarbon pore volume (HCPV) approach. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach has proven to be a robust and reliable technique to help delineate thin sandstone reservoirs in this study area.
Windowed Spectral Blueing in Frequency Limited Seismic Ensemble: a Bandwidth Enhancement of Post-Stack Seismic
Authors: Oktariena Madaniya , Triyoso Wahyu , Fatkhan  , Septama Erlangga , Wardaya Pongga D. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
As the oil and gas exploration endeavour concentrates on stratigraphic traps, old existing data is being revisited and reprocessed to map this potential. Footprints on seismic traces are a common undesired characteristic caused by seismic data merging. Merging two seismic datasets often focuses on target level resolution. With different vintages, re-acquisition of identical fields always aims to improve resolution or target upside potential. Seismic preconditioning becomes a required step to increase bandwidth and resolution. This study proposes a strategy for improving seismic resolution in general and eliminating footprints in outdated post-stack seismic data that is commonly available in exploration or abandoned fields. Seismic is split into three ensemble groups by limiting the frequency to lower, middle, and higher classes using the signal envelope. Whitening is then applied to each ensemble to re-balance the energy level of a chosen reference from the data in order to maintain the amplitude preservation. Each ensemble undergoes spectral blueing, in which the low amplitude is strengthened to fit the signal envelope. The use of windowed spectral blueing in a frequency limited seismic ensemble resulted in reduced seismic footprints and improved reflector continuity. Bandwidth-wise, the range of frequency is expanded, resulting in an alternative way for producing more broadband seismic from older vintage. Thus, supporting enhanced oil recovery spirit by utilizing the old data to reach its peak potential.
Stress rotation around faults in a 3D shear model and its relation with Coulomb stress
Authors: Kusumawati Dian , Puspito Nanang T. , Daryono Mudrik R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Synthetic data modelling is carried out with a simple model (rectangular prism) using the finite difference method, to understand the relationship between fault deformation, friction, and stress fields, specifically maximum stress rotation. Modelling with simple blocks has been carried out in previous studies, but in this research several modifications will be applied, namely: (1) displacement per year as driving force for block deformation, (2) 3D modelling over a simulation time span of 200 years, and (3) application of the half-space fault model in an elastic medium. Numerical modelling results show a sharp change in maximum stress rotation at the tips of the fault when the fault slips. This stress rotation occurs as a result of contraction/traction zones at the ends of the fault. The average value of shear stress on a fault versus the average value of Coulomb shear stress or fault shear strength is observed to be correlated with the appearance of a sharp change in maximum stress rotation. Thus, it can be used as an indicator of stress rotation on fault deformation.
Mapping Earthquake Prone Areas Using a Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA) Approach in South Malang Area
Authors: Kusniyah Annisa’ul , Sutrisno  , Hapsoro Cahyo Aji 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Geologically, Indonesia is situated at the convergence of major global tectonic plates, namely the Indo-Australian, Eurasian, and Pacific plates, making it a country with a significantly high earthquake risk. In 2021, a 6.1 Mw earthquake occurred, followed by 16 aftershocks within a span of 3 days. This earthquake struck near the southern coast of East Java, specifically in the Malang Regency area. The geological structure of this coastal region is predominantly composed of swamp sediment and limestone from the Wonosari formation. These geological conditions result in significant ground displacement during an earthquake. Based on seismic and soil conditions, the southern coastal region of Malang is identified as a high-risk area for large-scale earthquakes. Therefore, a Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA) approach is essential to assess earthquake hazard levels as a foundation for earthquake disaster mitigation efforts. The required data includes real-time earthquake data, consisting of the time of occurrence, depth, magnitude, and location of the earthquake. From this PSHA approach, variations in Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) are produces a range from 49.3415 gal to 86.6479 gal for a 10% probability of exceedance and from 56.70847 gal to 100.16678 gal for a 2% probability of exceedance. Based on the PGA values, Gedangan, Sumbermanjing Wetan, Tirtoyudo, and Ampelgading District are the district with the highest PGA value for both probabilities. Pagak and Pagelaran District has a lower PGA value for both probabilities when compared to Sumbermanjing Wetan District. The PGA values can produce for creating a land vulnerability map. Through this map, the risk of earthquake hazards can be analyzed, enabling effective disaster mitigation strategies to reduce the risk of material damage and casualties when an earthquake occurs.