bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cholinergic innervation topography in GBA-associatedde novoParkinson’s disease patients
Authors: Slingerland Sofie , van der Zee Sygrid , Carli Giulia , Slomp Anne C. , Boertien Jeffrey M. , Bohnen Nicolaas I. , Albin Roger L. , Laar Teus van 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe most common genetic risk factors for Parkinson’s disease areGBA1mutations, encoding the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase. Patients withGBA1mutations (GBA-PD) exhibit earlier age of onset and faster disease progression with more severe cognitive impairments, postural instability, and gait problems. The GBA-PD features suggests more severe cholinergic system pathologies. PET imaging with the vesicular acetylcholine transporter ligand [18F]-F-fluoroethoxybenzovesamicol ([18F]FEOBV PET) provides the opportunity to investigate cholinergic systems changes and their relationship to clinical features of GBA-PD.One hundred and twenty three newly diagnosed, treatment-naive Parkinson’s disease subjects – with confirmed presynaptic dopaminergic deficits on PET imaging – were included, all part of the Dutch Parkinson Cohort (DUPARC) study. FullGBA1sequencing of saliva samples was performed to evaluateGBA1variants. Patients underwent extensive neuropsychological assessment assessing all cognitive domains, motor evaluation with the Unified Parkinson’s disease Rating Scale, brain MRI, dopaminergic PET to measure striatal-to-occipital ratios of the putamen and [18F]FEOBV PET. We investigated differences in regional cholinergic innervation between GBA-PD carriers and non-GBA1mutation carriers (non-GBA-PD), using voxel-wise and volume-of-interest (VOI)-based approaches. The degree of overlap between t-maps from two-sample t-test models was quantified using the Dice similarity coefficient.Seventeen (13.8%) subjects had aGBA1mutation. No significant differences were found in the clinical features and dopaminergic ratios between GBA-PD and non-GBA-PD at diagnosis. Lower [18F]FEOBV binding was found in both the GBA-PD and non-GBA-PD group compared to controls. Dice (P< 0.05, cluster size 100) showed a good overlap (0.6233) between the GBA-PD and non-GBA-PD maps. GBA-PD patients showed more widespread reduction in [18F]FEOBV binding than non-GBA-PD when compared to controls in occipital, parietal, temporal, and frontal cortices (P< 0.05, FDR-corrected). In VOI analyses (Bonferroni corrected), the left cuneus, entorhinal cortex, fusiform gyrus and supramarginal gyrus were more affected in GBA-PD.De novoGBA-PD show a distinct topography of regional cholinergic terminal ligand binding, including both higher and lower binding regions. Although the Parkinson’s disease groups were not distinguishable clinically, in comparison to healthy controls, GBA-PD showed more extensive cholinergic denervation compared to non-GBA-PD. Our results suggest thatde novoGBA-PD and non-GBA-PD show differential patterns of cholinergic system changes before clinical differences are observable.
Automated Image Transcription for Perinatal Blood Pressure Monitoring Using Mobile Health Technology
Authors: Katebi Nasim , Bremer Whitney , Nguyen Tony , Phan Daniel , Jeff Jamila , Armstrong Kirkland , Phabian-Millbrook Paula , Platner Marissa , Carroll Kimberly , Shoai Banafsheh , Rohloff Peter , Boulet Sheree L. , Franklin Cheryl G. , Clifford Gari D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper introduces a novel approach to address the challenges associated with transferring blood pressure (BP) data from oscillometric devices used in self-measured BP monitoring systems. The primary objective of this study is to improve the accessibility and usability of BP data for monitoring and managing BP during pregnancy and postpartum, particularly in low-resource settings. To this end, we developed an automated image transcription technique to effectively transcribe readings from BP devices. The photos of the BP devices were captured as part of perinatal mobile health (mHealth) monitoring systems, conducted in four studies across two countries. The Guatemala Set 1 and Guatemala Set 2 datasets include the data captured by a cohort of 49 lay midwives from 1697 and 584 pregnant women carrying singletons in the second and third trimesters in rural Guatemala during routine screening. Additionally, we designed an mHealth system in Georgia for postpartum women to monitor and report their BP at home with 23 and 49 African American participants contributing to the Georgia I3 and Georgia IMPROVE projects, respectively. We developed a deep learning-based model which operates in two steps: LCD localization using the You Only Look Once (YOLO) object detection model and digit recognition using a convolutional neural network-based model capable of recognizing multiple digits. We applied color correction and thresholding techniques to minimize the impact of reflection and artifacts. Three experiments were conducted based on the devices used for training the digit recognition model. Overall, our results demonstrate that the device-specific model with transfer learning and the device independent model outperformed the device-specific model without transfer learning. The mean absolute error (MAE) of image transcription on held-out test datasets using the device-independent digit recognition were 1.1 and 1.1 mmHg for systolic and diastolic BP in the Georgia IMPROVE and 1 and 0.6 mmHg in Guatemala Set 2 datasets. The MAE, far below the FDA requirement of 5 mmHg, makes the proposed model suitable for general use when used with appropriate error devices.
miR-252 targeting temperature receptorCcTRPMto mediate the transition from summer-form to winter-form ofCacopsylla chinensis
Authors: Zhang Songdou , Li Jianying , Zhang Dongyue , Zhang Zhixian , Meng Shili , Li Zhen , Liu Xiaoxia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTemperature determines the geographical distribution of organisms and affects the outbreak and damage of pests. Insects seasonal polyphenism is a successful strategy adopted by some species to adapt the changeable external environment.Cacopsylla chinensis(Yang & Li) showed two seasonal morphotypes, summer-form and winter-form, with significant differences in morphological characteristics. Low temperature is the key environmental factor to induce its transition from summer-form to winter-form. However, the detailed molecular mechanism remains unknown. Here, we firstly confirmed that low temperature of 10°C induced the transition from summer-form to winter-form by affecting the cuticle thickness and chitin content. Subsequently, we demonstrated thatCcTRPMfunctions as a temperature receptor to regulate this transition. In addition, miR-252 was identified to mediate the expression ofCcTRPMto involve in this morphological transition. Finally, we foundCcTre1andCcCHS1, two rate-limiting enzymes of insect chitin biosyntheis, act as the critical down-stream signal ofCcTRPMin mediating this behavioral transition. Taken together, our results revealed that a signal transduction cascade mediates the seasonal polyphenism inC. chinensis. These findings not only lay a solid foundation for fully clarifying the ecological adaptation mechanism ofC. chinensisoutbreak, but also broaden our understanding about insect polymorphism.
“Impact of sociodemographic factors on the relationship between perceived general health and number of healthcare visits”
Authors: Saleh Shirin , Abril Jazmine 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis retrospective cross-sectional study examines the relationship between the number of healthcare visits, perceived health status, and sociodemographic characteristics. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for 2017-2018, the study analyzed responses from 4,755 participants aged 20-80. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between healthcare visits and perceived health status while controlling for sociodemographic factors. The results revealed that increased healthcare visits were significantly associated with a lower likelihood of reporting good or better health status. This association remained significant even after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics. However, gender was not found to be a significant predictor of perceived health status. Other sociodemographic factors, including age, race, education, marital status, and annual household income, were all significant predictors in the model.Furthermore, the study identified racial disparities in perceived health, with Hispanic and Non-Hispanic Black individuals reporting lower rates of good or better health than Non-Hispanic White individuals. Higher levels of education were associated with better-perceived health, highlighting the importance of health literacy in healthcare access. Additionally, income was found to mediate the relationship between healthcare visits and perceived health status, with individuals of higher income more likely to perceive their health as better.
The extension of mammalian pregnancy required taming inflammation; independent evolution of extended placentation in the tammar wallaby
Authors: Dudley Jessica S. , Renfree Marilyn B. , Wagner Günter P. , Griffith Oliver W. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the first live bearing mammals, it is assumed that pregnancy was short and ended with a brief period of inflammatory maternal-fetal interaction. This mode of reproduction has been retained in many marsupials. While inflammation is key to successful implantation in eutherians, a key innovation in eutherians is the ability to switch off this inflammation after it has been initiated. This extended period, in which inflammation is suppressed, likely allowed for an extended period of placentation. One lineage of marsupials, the macropodids (wallabies and kangaroos), have extended placentation beyond the 2-4 days seen in other marsupial taxa, which allows us to test whether a moderated inflammation response after attachment is a general pattern associated with the extension of placentation in mammals. We show that during tammar wallaby pregnancy, some inflammatory genes are expressed at key time points of gestation, includingIL6, before attachment,IL12AandLIFthroughout the period of placentation and prostaglandins before birth. However, we did not see evidence of a complete inflammatory response at any time point. We argue that genes involved in a moderated inflammation reaction may have been co-opted into roles for placentation, facilitating the establishment and maintenance of extended fetal-maternal contact. Whilst the absence of other key mediators of inflammation may prevent prolonged damage to the uterus. We argue the moderation of inflammation following maternal-fetal contact is a convergently evolved key innovation that allowed for the extension of placentation in different mammalian lineages.Significance statementOur data suggest that moderation of the inflammatory reaction to embryo attachment allows for extension of pregnancy in mammals. The ancestor of all mammals likely experienced an ancestral inflammatory reaction in response to embryo attachment. In contrast, eutherians and some marsupials, such as macropodids, have an extended period of fetal-maternal contact. During this period of placentation many inflammatory genes are silenced while a few others are still expressed. This moderated expression of inflammatory genes suggests that some genes of inflammation were coopted into establishing and maintaining the placenta. This challenges the perspective of inflammation as being detrimental to pregnancy, instead suggesting that fetal-maternal interactions are based on a modified inflammation response necessary for maintaining pregnancy over an extensive period of time.
Assessing the performance of protein regression models
Authors: Michael Richard , Kæstel-Hansen Jacob , Groth Peter Mørch , Bartels Simon , Salomon Jesper , Tian Pengfei , Hatzakis Nikos S. , Boomsma Wouter 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo optimize proteins for particular traits holds great promise for industrial and pharmaceutical purposes. Machine Learning is increasingly applied in this field topredictproperties of proteins, thereby guiding the experimental optimization process. A natural question is: How much progress are we making with such predictions, and how important is the choice of regressor and representation? In this paper, we demonstrate that different assessment criteria for regressor performance can lead to dramatically different conclusions, depending on the choice of metric, and how one defines generalization. We highlight the fundamental issues of sample bias in typical regression scenarios and how this can lead to misleading conclusions about regressor performance. Finally, we make the case for the importance of calibrated uncertainty in this domain.
From asexuality to sexual reproduction: cyclical switch of gametogenic pathways in hybrids depends on ploidy level
Authors: Dedukh Dmitrij , Marta Anatolie , Myung Ra-Yeon , Ko Myeong-Hun , Choi Da-Song , Won Yong-Jin , Janko Karel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe cellular and molecular mechanisms governing sexual reproduction is highly conserved across eukaryotes. Nevertheless, hybridization can disrupt such machinery leading to asexual reproduction. To investigate how hybridization and polyploidization affect gametogenesis and reproductive outcomes of asexual hybrids, we conducted a comprehensive study on diploid and triploid hybrids along with their sexual parental species from the freshwater fish family Cobitidae. In diploid and triploid hybrids, most gonocytes maintain their original ploidy level. During meiosis, such gonocytes experience abnormal chromosome pairing preventing progression beyond pachytene. Diploid hybrid females regain fertility through premeiotic genome endoreplication, resulting in the rare emergence of tetraploid gonocytes. Tetraploid gonocytes bypass meiosis and lead to clonal diploid gametes. In contrast, triploid hybrids lack genome endoreplication but utilize premeiotic genome elimination of a single-copy parental genome forming diploid gonocytes that undergo meiosis and produce haploid gametes. Therefore, the interplay of parental genomes leads to diverse gametogenic outcomes in hybrids dependent on their ploidy and genome dosage. These alterations in gametogenic pathways can persist across generations, potentially enabling the cyclic maintenance of asexual/polyploid hybrids in natural populations.
Eye Blinks as a Visual Processing Stage
Authors: Yang Bin , Intoy Janis , Rucci Michele 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHumans blink their eyes frequently during normal viewing, more often than it seems necessary for keeping the cornea well lubricated. Since the closure of the eyelid disrupts the image on the retina, eye blinks are commonly assumed to be detrimental to visual processing. However, blinks also provide luminance modulations rich in spatial information to neural pathways highly sensitive to temporal changes. Here we report that the luminance transients from blinks enhance visual sensitivity. By coupling high-resolution eye-tracking in human observers with modeling of blink transients and spectral analysis of visual input signals, we show that blinking increases the power of retinal stimulation and that this effect significantly enhances visibility despite the time lost in exposure to the external scene. We further show that, as predicted from the spectral content of input signals, this enhancement is selective for stimuli at low spatial frequencies and occurs irrespective of whether the luminance transients are actively generated or passively experienced. These findings indicate that, like eye movements, blinking acts as a computational tool in a visual processing strategy that uses motor behavior to reformat spatial information in the temporal domain.
Elucidating the causal role of age of menarche, adiposity, lipid fractions, and blood pressure upon cardiovascular disease: A multivariable Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Jee Yongho , Spiller Wes , Sanderson Eleanor , Tilling Kate , Palmer Tom , Ha Eunhee , Kim YoungJu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study evaluates the potential role of multiple correlated risk factors upon coronary heart disease (CHD) and ischemic stroke, and the extent to which using GWAS summary data including prevalent cases of stroke, as opposed to incident cases, can influence Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. Initially, thirteen candidate risk factors were identified through a literature review, including age of menarche, adiposity, blood pressure, lipid fractions, physical activity, type-II diabetes, smoking, sleep duration, alcohol consumption, and kidney function. Using publicly available summary data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), the total effect of each exposure on CHD, ischemic, and cardioembolic stroke was estimated using univariable summary MR. Multivariable MR (MVMR) analyses were then used to estimate the conditional effects of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides and systolic blood pressure (SBP) on each outcome. To select the MVMR model a novel forward selection algorithm was applied to include the greatest number of exposures while maintaining sufficient conditional instrument strength for estimation. To examine potential bias from using GWAS summary data derived from prevalent cases of ischemic stroke a GWAS of incident ischemic stroke was conducted using data from the UK Biobank. In univariable MR analyses negative effects of blood pressure were observed across all outcomes, while the effects of remaining exposures differed markedly. HDL was also estimated to have a protective effect on all outcomes except cardioembolic stroke. Univariable and MVMR estimates were directionally consistent, though MVMR estimates were attenuated. Finally, repeating analyses using incident stroke cases yielded results in agreement with prevalent stroke data, suggesting the use of prevalent outcome data did not bias our initial analysis.
What does Serum Glycosylated Apolipoprotein J mean in a heart attack?-----Correlation of serum glycosylated apolipoprotein J with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Yao Rao , Ren Mengmeng , Dong Haibin , Wang Hua , Jia Wenjuan , Ding Xiaoning , Fu Kaixuan , Wang Anyi , Zhu Xuefeng , Gong Lei , Zhong Lin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere are few myocardial damage markers that could be used to diagnose acute myocardial infarction(AMI) or assess its severity, especially glycosylated apolipoprotein J(ApoJ-Glyc) has demonstrated superiority in cardiomyocytes and animal STEMI models in the early stages of myocardial ischemia(MI). We aimed to excavate the potential role of ApoJ-Glyc as a protein marker in the pathogenesis of AMI in humans and its added value in the evolution of the disease.Methods and ResultsELISA was used to determine the serum concentration of ApoJ-Glyc in 163 patients enrolled by the criteria. Statistical analysis could used to discuss the relationship between ApoJ-Glyc and AMI. Compared to control groups, serum ApoJ-Glyc levels decreased by 36% and 37% in early AMI patients and AMI patients, respectively (P<0.0001), showing a higher discriminant value for early diagnosis and diagnosis of AMI [area under the curve (AUC) : 0.871 and 0.886, P< 0.0001]. For the first time, we demonstrated that ApoJ-Glyc was not statistically significant in the comparative difference between NSTEMI and STEMI groups (P> 0.05). Patients with gradually declining ApoJ-Glyc had a higher Grace Risk Scores. Subsequent studies have also demonstrated that more MACCE did occur with a 6-month follow-up(P<0.05).ConclusionsApoJ-Glyc which serve as an alarm bell for the detection of early ischaemia, may be a new biomarker for AMI. ApoJ-Glyc can assess the severity of myocardial infarction. The continuous decrease of serum ApoJ-Glyc suggests an increase in the risk of post-AMI ischaemia and the onset of unpredictable MACCE.Graphic abstract
Wireless monitoring of respiration with EEG reveals relationships between respiration, behaviour and brain activity in freely moving mice
Authors: Dasgupta Debanjan , Schneider-Luftman Deborah , Schaefer Andreas , Harris Julia J. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTActive sampling in the olfactory domain is an important aspect of mouse behaviour. Numerous methods are being used to measure active sampling behaviour, yet reliable observation of respiration in untethered, freely moving animals is challenging. So far, methods for measuring this have largely been restricted to head-fixed sniff monitoring, which makes it difficult to understand how sniff changes are related to natural mouse behaviour. Here, we implant a telemetry-based pressure sensor into the right jugular vein, which allows respiration to be measured via wireless thoracic pressure sensing in awake and freely moving, untethered mice. After verifying this technique against standard head-fixed respiration measurements, we investigated respiration patterns across a range of experiments in freely moving animals. Respiration frequency increased as mice voluntarily explored novel environmental cues. Combining wireless respiration measurements with EEG/EMG recording, we then used an evolving partial coherence analysis to uncover the direct relationships between respiration and brain activity in different frequency bands over the same exploration period. Finally, we examined respiration patterns across different vigilance states, revealing changes in passive respiration frequency across wakefulness, deep (NREM) sleep and dreaming (REM) sleep, and odour-triggered respiration increases in the absence of brain activity changes during NREM sleep. As it can be combined with behavioural assays and brain recordings, we anticipate that wireless respiration monitoring will be a valuable tool to increase our understanding of how mice use olfaction to process and interact with the environment around them.
PICKLUSTER: A protein-interface clustering and analysis plug-in for UCSF ChimeraX
Authors: Genz Luca R. , Mulvaney Thomas , Nair Sanjana , Topf Maya 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMotivationThe identification and characterization of interfaces in protein complexes is crucial for understanding the mechanisms of molecular recognition. These interfaces are also attractive targets for protein inhibition. However, targeting protein interfaces can be challenging for large interfaces that consist of multiple interacting regions. We present PICKLUSTER -a program for identifying sub-interfaces in protein-protein complexes using distance clustering. The division of the interface into smaller “sub-interfaces” offers a more focused approach for targeting protein-protein interfaces.Availability and implementationThe plug-in PICKLUSTER is implemented for the molecular visualization program UCSF ChimeraX 1.4 and subsequent versions and and is freely available in the ChimeraX toolshed or, together with the source code, fromhttps://gitlab.com/topf-lab/pickluster.git).Contactmaya.topf@cssb-hamburg.de