bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Chemical and Non-Chemical Weed Management Practices in Direct Seeded Rice
Authors: Kalaimathi V. , Sivakumar C. , Parasuraman P. , Sivakumar R. , Ragunath K. P. , Rani M. S. Aneesa 
Published: August 2023

A field experiment was conducted at Regional Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Paiyur, Tamil Nadu, India during the Summer of 2022 to study the effect of herbicide combination and non-chemical weed management techniques in puddled direct seeded rice. The experiment was laidout in a randomized block design with ten treatments and three replications. The treatments include Pre emergence (PE) Pyrazosulfuron ethyl 10% WP @ 20 g ha-1, Pyrazosulfuron ethyl 70% WDG @ 21 g ha-1, Post emergence (PoE) Bispyribac sodium 10% SC @ 25 g ha-1, Power weeder, Hand weeding (HW), Weed free and Weedy check. The results revealed that, among different weed control treatments, PE application of Pyrazosulfuron ethyl 10% WP @ 20 g ha-1 on 3 DAS fb (PoE) Bispyribac sodium 10% SC @ 25 g ha-1 on 20 DAS fb Power weeder at 30 DAS fb Hand weeding at 45 DAS (T5) recorded higher grain yield of 5422 kg ha-1 and B: C ratio of 2.35. The higher weed control efficiency of 83.52 % and 55.47 % was recorded at 30 and 60 DAS. Hence,it can be concluded that combination of PE (Pyrazosulfuron ethyl 10% WP @ 20 g ha-1 on 3 DAS) and POE (Bispyribac sodium 10% SC @ 25 g ha-1 on 20 DAS) herbicides along with non-chemical weed management technique (power weeder at 30 DAS and HW at 45 DAS) was found to be effective for weed control in direct seeded puddled lowland rice to deal with the issues of labour shortage and weed infestation faced by farmers.
Salient Measures of Hospitalist Workload
Authors: Burden Marisha , McBeth Lauren , Keniston Angela 
Published: August 2023

ImportanceThe ideal hospitalist workload and optimal way to measure it are not well understood.ObjectiveTo obtain expert consensus on the salient measures of hospitalist workload.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis qualitative study used a 3-round Delphi technique between April 5 and July 13, 2022, involving national experts within and external to the field. Experts included hospitalist clinicians, leaders, and administrators, as well as researchers with expertise in human factors engineering and cognitive load theory.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThree rounds of surveys were conducted, during which participants provided input on the salient measures of hospitalist workload across various domains. In the first round, free-text data collected from the surveys were analyzed using a directed qualitative content approach. In the second and third rounds, participants rated each measure’s relevance on a Likert scale, and consensus was evaluated using the IQR. Percentage agreement was also calculated.ResultsSeventeen individuals from 14 organizations, encompassing clinicians, leaders, administrators, and researchers, participated in 3 rounds of surveys. In round 1, participants provided 135 unique qualitative comments across 10 domains, with 192 unique measures identified. Of the 192 measures presented in the second round, 6 (3%) were considered highly relevant, and 25 (13%) were considered moderately relevant. In round 3, 161 measures not meeting consensus were evaluated, with 25 (16%) considered highly relevant and 95 (59%) considered moderately relevant. Examples of measures considered highly relevant included a patient complexity score and outcome measures such as savings from hospital days avoided and clinician turnover.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this qualitative study measuring hospitalist workload, multiple measures, including those quantifying work demands and the association of those demands with outcomes, were considered relevant for measuring and understanding workloads. The findings suggest that relying on traditional measures, such as productivity-related measures and financial measures, may offer an incomplete understanding of workloads and their association with key outcomes. By embracing a broader range of measures, organizations may be able to better capture the complexity and nuances of hospitalist work demands and their outcomes on clinicians, patients, and organizations.
Association of Genetically Predicted Insomnia With Risk of Sepsis
Authors: Thorkildsen Marianne S. , Gustad Lise T. , Mohus Randi M. , Burgess Stephen , Nilsen Tom I. L. , Damås Jan K. , Rogne Tormod 
Published: August 2023

ImportanceInsomnia has been associated with altered inflammatory response as well as increased risk of infections and sepsis in observational studies. However, these studies are prone to bias, such as residual confounding. To further understand the potential causal association between insomnia and sepsis risk, a 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach should be explored.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether genetically predicted insomnia is associated with risk of sepsis.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsTwo-sample MR was performed to estimate the association between genetically predicted insomnia and sepsis risk. Data were obtained from a genome-wide association study identifying 555 independent genetic variants (R2 &amp;lt; 0.01) strongly associated with insomnia (P &amp;lt; 5 × 10−8). Sensitivity analyses were conducted to address bias due to pleiotropy and sample overlap, along with mediation analyses and sex-stratified analyses. The insomnia data set included 2.4 million individuals of European ancestry from the UK Biobank and 23andMe. For sepsis, 462 918 individuals of European ancestry from the UK Biobank were included. Data were extracted between February and December 2022 and analyzed between March 2022 and March 2023.ExposureGenetically predicted insomnia.Main Outcome and MeasureSepsis.ResultsThere were 593 724 individuals with insomnia and 10 154 cases of sepsis. A doubling in the population prevalence of genetically predicted insomnia was associated with an odds ratio of 1.37 (95% CI, 1.19-1.57; P = 7.6 × 10−6) for sepsis. Sensitivity analyses supported this observation. One-third of the association between genetically predicted insomnia and risk of sepsis was mediated through a combination of cardiometabolic risk factors for sepsis (body mass index, type 2 diabetes, smoking, or cardiovascular disease; overall proportion, 35.2%; 95% CI, 5.1-76.9). The association between insomnia and sepsis was more pronounced among women compared with men (women: odds ratio, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.24-1.68; men: OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.86-1.40).Conclusions and RelevanceThe concordance between these findings and previous observational studies supports that insomnia is potentially causally associated with the risk of sepsis. Thus, insomnia is a potential preventable risk factor of sepsis that should be further investigated, also in non-European populations.
Flower strip effectiveness for pollinating insects in agricultural landscapes depends on established contrast in habitat quality: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Pérez‐Sánchez Antonio J. , Schröder Boris , Dauber Jens , Hellwig Niels 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Flower strips have become a prevalent measure in agricultural landscapes to counteract biodiversity loss and especially promote pollinators. Although their benefits for pollinating insects have been frequently evaluated and reported, generalized conclusions about optimal settings for effective flower strips are still difficult. From the perspective of pollinators, flower strips vary distinctly in habitat quality, and the same applies for the control sites selected for scientific studies.

In this study, we used a meta‐analytic approach based on a systematic review of recent studies (2009–2020) to analyze the relationship between flower strip effectiveness for pollinators and the contrast in habitat quality between flower strips and control sites. We extracted 350 data entries from 29 of 172 studies based on available data for richness or abundance of the pollinator taxa groups Apiformes, Lepidoptera and Syrphidae as response variables, for both flower strips and control treatments. All flower strips and control treatments were assigned a habitat quality score including information on spatial dimension, floral resources and management. Moreover, we included information on landscape complexity as measured by percent cover of seminatural habitats in the studied landscape.

In general, our results of meta‐analytical models showed an increasing effect size of flower strips on pollinators for higher contrasts in habitat quality between flower strips and control treatments. This relationship was consistent across pollinator taxa and different levels of landscape complexity. Altogether, in terms of pollinator habitat quality, high‐quality flower strips were more attractive than low‐quality flower strips, and the reported effectiveness of flower strips decreased from low‐quality to high‐quality control treatments.

We recommend that results of future studies evaluating flower strips for pollinators are always linked with the contrast in habitat quality between selected flower strips and control treatments.
Evaluation of Unity 1.5 T MR‐linac plan quality in patients with prostate cancer
Authors: Tanaka Shohei , Kadoya Noriyuki , Ishizawa Miyu , Katsuta Yoshiyuki , Arai Kazuhiro , Takahashi Haruna , Xiao Yushan , Takahashi Noriyoshi , Sato Kiyokazu , Takeda Ken , Jingu Keiichi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Unity magnetic resonance (MR) linear accelerator (MRL) with MR‐guided adaptive radiotherapy (MRgART) is capable of online MRgART where images are acquired on the treatment day and the radiation treatment plan is immediately replanned and performed. We evaluated the MRgART plan quality and plan reproducibility of the Unity MRL in patients with prostate cancer. There were five low‐ or moderate‐risk and five high‐risk patients who received 36.25 Gy or 40 Gy, respectively in five fractions. All patients underwent simulation magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and five online adaptive MRI. We created plans for 5, 7, 9, 16, and 20 beams and for 60, 100, and 150 segments. We evaluated the target and organ doses for different number of beams and segments, respectively. Variation in dose constraint between the simulation plan and online adaptive plan was measured for each patient to assess plan reproducibility. The plan quality improved with the increasing number of beams. However, the proportion of significantly improved dose constraints decreased as the number of beams increased. For some dose parameters, there were statistically significant differences between 60 and 100 segments, and 100 and 150 segments. The plan of five beams exhibited limited reproducibility. The number of segments had minimal impact on plan reproducibility, but 60 segments sometimes failed to meet dose constraints for online adaptive plan. The optimization and delivery time increased with the number of beams and segments. We do not recommend using five or fewer beams for a reproducible and high‐quality plan in the Unity MRL. In addition, many number of segments and beams may help meet dose constraints during online adaptive plan. Treatment with the Unity MRL should be performed with the appropriate number of beams and segments to achieve a good balance among plan quality, delivery time, and optimization time.
Pure cerebellar ataxia due to bi‐allelic PRDX3 variants including recurring p.Asp202Asn
Authors: Efthymiou Stephanie , Novis Luiz E. , Koutsis Georgios , Koniari Chrysoula , Maroofian Reza , Turchetti Valentina , Velonakis Georgios , Vasconcellos Luiz F. , Raskin Salmo , Srinivasan Varunvenkat M. , Pagnamenta Alistair T. , Arun Yaramanchanahalli B. , Kinhal Uddhava V. , Gowda Vykuntaraju K. , Teive Helio A. G. , Houlden Henry 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBi‐allelic variants in peroxiredoxin 3 (PRDX3) have only recently been associated with autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia characterized by early onset slowly progressive cerebellar ataxia, variably associated with hyperkinetic and hypokinetic features, accompanied by cerebellar atrophy and occasional olivary and brainstem involvement. Herein, we describe a further simplex case carrying a reported PRDX3 variant as well as two additional cases with novel variants. We report the first Brazilian patient with SCAR32, replicating the pathogenic status of a known variant. All presented cases from the Brazilian and Indian populations expand the phenotypic spectrum of the disease by displaying prominent neuroradiological findings. SCAR32, although rare, should be included in the differential diagnosis of sporadic or recessive childhood and adolescent‐onset pure and complex cerebellar ataxia.
Toward Artificial Cell‐Mediated Tissue Engineering: A New Perspective
Authors: Sümbelli Yiğitcan , Mason Alexander F. , van Hest Jan C.M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe fast‐growing pace of regenerative medicine research has allowed the development of a range of novel approaches to tissue engineering applications. Until recently, the main points of interest in the majority of studies have been to combine different materials to control cellular behavior and use different techniques to optimize tissue formation, from 3‐D bioprinting to in situ regeneration. However, with the increase of the understanding of the fundamentals of cellular organization, tissue development, and regeneration, has also come the realization that for the next step in tissue engineering, a higher level of spatiotemporal control on cell‐matrix interactions is required. It is proposed that the combination of artificial cell research with tissue engineering could provide a route toward control over complex tissue development. By equipping artificial cells with the underlying mechanisms of cellular functions, such as communication mechanisms, migration behavior, or the coherent behavior of cells depending on the surrounding matrix properties, they can be applied in instructing native cells into desired differentiation behavior at a resolution not to be attained with traditional matrix materials.
Covalent Organic Framework‐Based Nanomotor for Multimodal Cancer Photo‐Theranostics
Authors: Feng Jie , Yang Shi‐Peng , Shao Yu‐Qing , Sun Yun‐Yu , He Zi‐Liang , Wang Ying , Zhai Ya‐Nan , Dong Yu‐Bin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDeveloping efficient integrated diagnosis and treatment agents based on fuel‐free self‐movement nanomotors remains challenging in antitumor therapy. In this study, a covalent organic framework (COF)‐based biomimetic nanomotor composed of polypyrrole (PPy) core, porphyrin‐COF shell, and HCT116 cancer cell membrane coating is reported. Under near‐infrared (NIR) light irradiation, the obtained mPPy@COF‐Por can overcome Brownian motion and achieves directional motion through self‐thermophoretic force generated from the PPy core. The HCT116 cancer cell membrane coating enables the nanomotor to selectively recognize the source cell lines and reduces the bio‐adhesion of mPPy@COF‐Por in a biological medium, endowing with this NIR light‐powered nanomotor good mobility. More importantly, such multifunctional integration allows the COF‐based nanomotor to be a powerful nanoagent for cancer treatment, and the high infrared thermal imaging/photoacoustic imaging/fluorescence trimodal imaging‐guided combined photothermal/photodynamic therapeutic effect on HCT116 tumor cell is successfully achieved. The results offer considerable promise for the development of COF nanomotors with integrated imaging/therapy modalities in biomedical applications.
The Construction of Binary Phase Electrolyte Interface for Highly Stable Zinc Anodes
Authors: Zhu Jiacai , Yang Min , Hu Yang , Yao Minjie , Chen Jun , Niu Zhiqiang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMetal zinc is a promising anode candidate of aqueous zinc‐ion batteries due to high theoretical capacity, low cost, and high safety. However, it often suffers from hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), dendrite growth, and formation of by‐products. Herein, a triethyl phosphate (TEP)/H2O binary phase electrolyte (BPE) interface is developed by introducing TEP‐based electrolyte‐wetted hydrophobic polypropylene (PP) separator onto the Zn anode surface. The equilibrium of the BPE interface depends on the comparable surface tensions of H2O‐based and TEP‐based electrolytes on hydrophobic PP separator surfaces. The BPE interface induces Zn2+ solvation structure conversion from [Zn(H2O)x]2+ to [Zn(TEP)n(H2O)y]2+, where most solvated H2O molecules are removed. In [Zn(TEP)n(H2O)y]2+, the residual H2O molecules can be further constrained by the formation of H bonds between TEP and H2O molecules. Consequently, the ionization of solvated H2O molecules is effectively suppressed, and HER and by‐products are effectively restricted on Zn anode surfaces in BPE. As a result, Zn anodes exhibit a high Coulombic efficiency of 99.12% and superior cycling performance of 6000 h, which is much higher than the case in single‐phase aqueous electrolytes. To illustrate the feasibility of BPE in full cells, the Zn/AlxV2O5 batteries are assembled based on the BPE and exhibited enhanced cycling performance.
Roller Nanoimprinted Honeycomb Texture as an Efficient Antireflective Coating for Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Krajewski Maciej , Callies Adrian , Heydarian Minasadat , Heydarian Maryamsadat , Hanser Mario , Schulze Patricia S. C. , Bläsi Benedikt , Höhn Oliver 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe properly chosen light management strategy in perovskite solar cell devices is indispensable in achieving high power conversion efficiency. To diminish the reflection losses, texturization of the front surface, similar to what is used in established solar cell technologies, shall be taken into consideration. Within this paper, a honeycomb‐like textured SU‐8 photoresist layer is applied using a roller nanoimprint technique onto a planar perovskite solar cell to minimize reflection losses. The results show that the applied honeycomb pattern reduces the solar‐weighted reflectance from 13.6% to 2.7%, which enhances the current density of the unmodified cell by 2.1 mA cm−2, outperforming the commonly used planar MgF2 antireflective coating by 0.5 mA cm−2. The experimental results are combined with optical modeling to find optimized structures and predict the optical behavior within a solar module. The process used within this work can be transferred to perovskite‐silicon tandem solar cells, providing a promising pathway for the reflection reduction in future devices.
The Lysine Demethylase KDM7A Regulates Immediate Early Genes in Neurons
Authors: Wang Yifan , Hong Qin , Xia Yueyue , Zhang Zhao , Wen Bo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLysine demethylase KDM7A removes histone modifications H3K9me1/2 and H3K27me1/2. KDM7A plays critical roles in gene expression and contribute to biological processes including tumorigenesis, metabolism, and embryonic development. However, the functions of KDM7A in mammalian nervous system are still poorly explored. In this study, functional roles of KDM7A are comprehensively investigated in neuronal cells by applying CUT&Tag‐seq, RNA‐seq and mice models. Knockdown of Kdm7a in N2A cells result in the alteration of histone modifications near transcription start sites (TSSs) and the expression changes of a large number of genes. In particular, the expression of immediate early genes (IEGs), a series of genes maintaining the function of the nervous system and associating with neurological disorders, are significantly decreased upon Kdm7a knockdown. Furthermore, in vivo knockdown of Kdm7a in dentate gyrus (DG) neuron of mice hippocampus, via Adeno‐associated virus (AAV)‐based stereotaxic microinjection, led to a significant decrease of the expression of c‐Fos, a marker of neuron activity. Behavior assays in mice further revealed that Kdm7a knockdown in hippocampus repress neuron activity, which leading to impairment of emotion and memory. Collectively, the study reveals that KDM7A affects neuron functions by regulating IEGs, which may provide new clues for understanding epigenetic mechanisms in neurological disorders.
Cs2SnCl6: To Emit or to Catalyze? Te4+ Ion Calls the Shots
Authors: Wei Haiwen , Sun Jikai , Mao Xin , Wang Honglei , Chen Zhen , Bai Tianxin , Cheng Pengfei , Zhang Ruiling , Jin Bing , Zhou Panwang , Liu Feng , Han Keli 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA low concentration of Te4+ doping is found to be capable of endowing the lead‐free Cs2SnCl6 perovskites with excellent photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), while further increasing Te4+ concentration leads to PLQY deterioration. The mechanism behind the improved PLQY is intensively studied and reported elsewhere. However, little work is conducted to understand the decreased PLQY at high doping levels and to explore its implications for non‐PL‐related applications. Here, it is demonstrated that the Te4+‐incorporated Cs2SnCl6 can be promising candidate for efficient CO2 photocatalysis. An optimum photocatalytic performance is achieved when Te4+ concentration reaches as high as 50%, at which point significant PL quenching has occurred. Through a detailed spectral characterization, such concentration‐dependent functionality is attributed to systematic changes in both electronic and local crystal structure, which allow a robust regulation of excitation energy relaxation channels. These findings expand the scope of available photocatalysts for CO2 reduction and also inform synthetic planning for the preparation of multifunctional Pb‐free metal halide perovskites.
Photothermal‐Triggered Sulfur Oxide Gas Therapy Augments Type I Photodynamic Therapy for Potentiating Cancer Stem Cell Ablation and Inhibiting Radioresistant Tumor Recurrence
Authors: Zhang Tianfu , Pan You , Suo Meng , Lyu Meng , Lam Jacky Wing Yip , Jin Zhaokui , Ning Shipeng , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDespite advances in cancer therapy, the existence of self‐renewing cancer stem cells (CSC) can lead to tumor recurrence and radiation resistance, resulting in treatment failure and high mortality in patients. To address this issue, a near‐infrared (NIR) laser‐induced synergistic therapeutic platform has been developed by incorporating aggregation‐induced emission (AIE)‐active phototheranostic agents and sulfur dioxide (SO2) prodrug into a biocompatible hydrogel, namely TBH, to suppress malignant CSC growth. Outstanding hydroxyl radical (·OH) generation and photothermal effect of the AIE phototheranostic agent actualizes Type I photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy through 660 nm NIR laser irradiation. Meanwhile, a large amount of SO2 is released from the SO2 prodrug in thermo‐sensitive TBH gel, which depletes upregulated glutathione in CSC and consequentially promotes ·OH generation for PDT enhancement. Thus, the resulting TBH hydrogel can diminish CSC under 660 nm laser irradiation and finally restrain tumor recurrence after radiotherapy (RT). In comparison, the tumor in the mice that were only treated with RT relapsed rapidly. These findings reveal a double‐boosting ·OH generation protocol, and the synergistic combination of AIE‐mediated PDT and gas therapy provides a novel strategy for inhibiting CSC growth and cancer recurrence after RT, which presents great potential for clinical treatment.