bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circadian clock protein Bmal1 accelerates acute myeloid leukemia by inhibiting ferroptosis through the EBF3/ALOX15 axis
Authors: Wang Dan , Wang Fenglin , Zhang Haixia , Chen Pan , Yang Minghua 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a major leukemia with high mortality. Ferroptosis is an important regulator of cancers. However, the role of ferroptosis and its regulatory mechanisms in AML remain largely unknown. In this study, we reported elevated brain and muscle ARNT‐Like protein‐1 (Bmal1) expression in AML patients and cell lines, and its upregulation indicated the poor survival of patients. The correlation analysis showed that Bmal1 expression was closely correlated with cytogenetics and the French–American–British subtypes, but was not correlated with age, gender and white blood cells. RSL3 reduced Bmal1 expression in HL‐60 and NB4 cells. Malondialdehyde, total iron, Fe2+, glutathione and lipid peroxidation were examined to evaluate ferroptosis. Overexpression of Bmal1 repressed RSL3‐induced ferroptosis in AML cells. Bmal1 recruited Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) to the Early B cell factor 3 (EBF3) promoter and enhanced its methylation, thus suppressing EBF3 expression. Moreover, the knockdown of Bmal1 sensitized AML cells to RSL3‐induced ferroptosis, and it was counteracted by EBF3 knockdown. Furthermore, EBF3 bound to the Arachidonate 15‐pipoxygenase (ALOX15) promoter to enhance its expression, and overexpression of EBF3 enhanced RSL3‐induced ferroptosis dependent on ALOX5. We established a subcutaneous AML xenograft tumor model and reported that knockdown of Bmal1 and overexpression of EBF3 restrained AML growth by promoting ALOX15‐mediated ferroptosis in vivo. Collectively, Bmal1 inhibits RSL3‐induced ferroptosis by promoting EZH2‐mediated EBF3 methylation and suppressing the expression of EBF3 and ALOX15, thus accelerating AML.
The role of science communication and academic health advocacy in improving population oral health and tackling inequalities
Authors: Abbas Hazem , Takeuchi Kenji , Osaka Ken , Guarnizo‐Herreño Carol C. , Tsakos Georgios , Watt Richard G. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOral conditions are a public health problem globally and stark oral health inequalities exist between and within countries. Yet, oral diseases are rarely considered as a health priority and evidence‐informed policy generation is challenging. Science communication and health advocacy are critical in that respect. However, due to time limitations, research workload and other factors, academics are usually hindered from participating in such lengthy endeavours. Here, we make the case that ‘science communication and health advocacy task forces’ should be a priority at academic institutions. The two main duties of these task forces are knowledge transfer about the burden of oral conditions and patterns of inequalities, and their underlying social and commercial determinants, and advocacy and mediation between the stakeholders involved directly or indirectly in policy making. These interdisciplinary task forces, including both academics and non‐academics, should collectively have skills that include (1) knowledge about oral health, dental public health and epidemiology, (2) ability to communicate clearly and coherently and make the case in both lay and scientific language terms, (3) familiarity with digital and social media platforms and ability to create visual aids, videos and documentaries, (4) good negotiation skills and (5) maintaining scientific transparency and avoiding getting involved in confrontation with political parties. In the current context, the role of the academic institutions should not only be the production of knowledge, but also the active transferability and application of this knowledge towards public benefit.
Diagnostic utility of 11C‐methionine PET/CT in primary hyperparathyroidism in a UK cohort: A single‐centre experience and literature review
Authors: Huynh Kevin A. , MacFarlane James , Newman Christine , Gillett Daniel , Das Tilak , Scoffings Daniel , Cheow Heok K. , Moyle Penelope , Koulouri Olympia , Harper Ines , Aloj Luigi , Mendichovszky Iosif A. , Inchiappa Danilo , Buch Harit N. , Chung Teng‐Teng , Simpson Helen L. , Powlson Andrew S. , Challis Ben G. , Bashari Waiel A. , Stokes Victoria J. , Masterson Liam , Jani Piyush , Fish Brian , Gurnell Mark , Casey Ruth T. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivePrimary hyperparathyroidism is a common endocrine disorder, with 80% of all cases usually caused by one single hyperfunctioning parathyroid adenoma. Conventional imaging modalities for the diagnostic work‐up of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) include ultrasound of the neck, 99mTc‐sestamibi scintigraphy, and four‐dimensional computed tomography (4D‐CT). However, the role of other imaging modalities, such as 11C‐methionine PET/CT, in the care pathway for PHPT is currently unclear. Here, we report our experience of the diagnostic utility of 11C‐methionine PET/CT in a single‐center patient cohort (n = 45).DesignRetrospective single‐center cohort study.Patients and MeasurementsThe data of eligible patients that underwent 11C‐methionine PET/CT between 2014 and 2022 at Addenbrooke's Hospital (Cambridge, UK) were collected and analyzed. The clinical utility of imaging modalities was determined by comparing the imaging result with histopathological and biochemical outcomes following surgery.ResultsIn patients with persistent primary hyperparathyroidism following previous surgery, 11C‐methionine PET/CT identified a candidate lesion in 6 of 10 patients (60.0%), and histologically confirmed in 5 (50.0%). 11C‐methionine PET/CT also correctly identified a parathyroid adenoma in 9 out of 12 patients (75.0%) that failed to be localized on other imaging modalities. 11C‐methionine PET/CT had a sensitivity of 70.0% (95% CI 55.8 – 84.2%) for the detection of parathyroid adenomas.ConclusionsThis study highlights a diagnostic role for 11C‐methionine PET/CT in patients that have undergone unsuccessful prior surgery or have equivocal or negative prior imaging results, aiding localization and a targeted surgical approach.
Machine learning‐based identification of cuproptosis‐related markers and immune infiltration in severe community‐acquired pneumonia
Authors: Chen Shuyang , Zhou Zheng , Wang Yajun , Chen Shujing , Jiang Jinjun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundSevere community‐acquired pneumonia (SCAP) is one of the world's most common diseases and a major etiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Cuproptosis is a novel form of regulated cell death that can occur in various diseases.MethodsOur study explored the degree of immune cell infiltration during the onset of severe CAP and identified potential biomarkers related to cuproptosis. Gene expression matrix was obtained from GEO database indexed GSE196399. Three machine learning algorithms were applied: The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), the random forest, and the support vector machine‐recursive feature elimination (SVM‐RFE). Immune cell infiltration was quantified by single‐sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) scoring. Nomogram was constructed to verify the applicability of using cuproptosis‐related genes to predict the onset of severe CAP and its deterioration toward ARDS.ResultsNine cuproptosis‐related genes were differentially expressed between the severe CAP group and the control group: ATP7B, DBT, DLAT, DLD, FDX1, GCSH, LIAS, LIPT1, and SLC31A1. All 13 cuproptosis‐related genes were involved in immune cell infiltration. A three‐gene diagnostic model was constructed to predict the onset of severe CAP: GCSH, DLD, and LIPT1.ConclusionOur study confirmed the involvement of the newly discovered cuproptosis‐related genes in the progression of SCAP.
“Oilfield Trash or Oilfield Treasure? A Pastoral Response to Living in the Extraction Economy of the Permian Basin” by Rev. Dr. Dawn Darwin Weaks
Authors: Darwin Weaks Dawn 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe climate crisis is witnessed on a global scale and it is also experienced in the local communities that work in extractive industries. In this article, a pastor in the Permian Basin explores the term “oilfield trash” as it is used for oilfield workers in the Permian Basin, connecting the epithet with the negative conditions for quality of life there, and comparing it to treatment of oilfield workers in Norway. Treatment of workers is identified as essential to esteem of communities and land. Renaming workers “treasure” in keeping with the tradition of Isaiah 62:4 is identified as part of the healing needed for extractive communities to transition away from fossil fuels. Four avenues of congregational ministry within mining economies are identified, with the way of “partnership” with the workers in the industry recommended as offering hope for churches to help relieve the climate crisis.
Measuring grip strength in adolescents and adults with cerebral palsy in a clinic setting: Feasibility, reliability, and clinical associations
Authors: Sugiyama Tomoko , Whitney Daniel G. , Schmidt Mary , Haapala Heidi , Bowman Angeline , Peterson Mark D. , Hurvitz Edward A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimTo determine the feasibility and reliability of measuring grip strength and its association with anthropometrics and diseases among adolescents and adults (≥16 years old) with cerebral palsy (CP).MethodIn this cross‐sectional study, individuals with CP, classified in Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS)/Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) levels I to V, were recruited to measure grip strength, anthropometrics, and self‐reported current/history of disease during a routine clinical visit. Feasibility was determined as the proportion recruited/consented/completed testing. Test–retest reliability of three maximal effort trials per side was assessed. Linear regression determined associations of grip strength with anthropometrics after adjusting for age, sex, and GMFCS. The predictive ability of GMFCS alone, grip strength alone, GMFCS + grip strength, and GMFCS × grip strength for diseases was compared.ResultsOf 114 individuals approached, 112 participated and 111 successfully completed all tasks. There was good to excellent reliability of test–retest grip strength between trials for dominant and non‐dominant sides for the entire cohort and when stratified by each GMFCS and MACS level (intraclass correlation coefficient range 0.83–0.97). Sex, GMFCS, MACS, body mass, and waist circumference were associated with grip strength (p < 0.05), but not hip circumference, waist:hip ratio, or triceps skinfold thickness. Modeling grip strength with GMFCS had a higher predictive value for relevant diseases than GMFCS alone.InterpretationGrip strength is a feasible and reliable measurement for CP, and is associated with some demographics and anthropometric measures. Grip strength, in addition to the GMFCS, enhanced prediction of disease outcomes.What this paper adds
Measurement of hand grip strength is clinically feasible for adolescents/adults with cerebral palsy.
Grip strength has good to excellent test–retest reliability across Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) and Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) levels.
Grip strength is associated with sex, weight, waist circumference, GMFCS, and especially MACS.
Grip strength, in addition to GMFCS, shows promise for enhancing disease prediction in this cohort.
Metabolic bariatric surgery as a therapeutic option for patients with type 2 diabetes: A meta‐analysis and network meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: De Luca Maurizio , Zese Monica , Bandini Giulia , Chiappetta Sonja , Iossa Angelo , Merola Giovanni , Piatto Giacomo , Tolone Salvatore , Vitiello Antonio , Silverii Giovanni Antonio , Ragghianti Benedetta , Mannucci Edoardo , Monami Matteo ,   Expert Panel and Evidence Review Team for the Italian Guidelines on Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimTo compare different types of metabolic surgery with non‐surgical therapy for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D).MethodsThe present network meta‐analysis (NMA) includes randomized clinical trials (duration ≥ 52 weeks) comparing different surgery techniques with non‐surgical therapy in diabetes patients. The primary endpoints were endpoint HbA1c, body mass index (BMI) and diabetes remission. The secondary endpoints included fasting plasma glucose, lipid profile, blood pressure, arterial hypertension and dyslipidaemia remission, quality of life and surgical adverse events. Indirect comparisons of different types of surgery were performed by NMA. Mean and 95% confidence intervals for continuous variables, and the Mantel–Haenzel odds ratio for categorial variables, were calculated.ResultsThe types of surgical procedure included laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding, Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass (RYGB), sleeve gastrectomy (SG), bilio‐pancreatic diversion (BPD), greater curvature plication (GCP), one‐anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) and Duodeno–Jejunal bypass. Thirty‐six trials were included. Metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) was associated with a significantly higher reduction of HbA1c, diabetes remission and BMI compared with medical therapy. In the NMA, a significant reduction of HbA1c was observed with OAGB and SG. Complete diabetes remission significantly increased with all surgical procedures in comparison with non‐surgical therapy, except for GCP. In addition, only BPD, RYGB and OAGB were associated with a significant reduction of BMI.ConclusionsMBS is an effective option for the treatment of T2D in patients with obesity. Further long‐term trials of appropriate quality are needed for assessing the risk–benefit ratio in some patient cohorts, such as those with a BMI of less than 35 kg/m2 and aged older than 65 years.
Perceptions, behaviours and potential barriers to effective obesity care. Results from the ACTION‐DK study
Authors: Vilsbøll Tina , Gribsholt Sigrid Bjerge , Jørgensen Nils Bruun , Andreassen Pernille , Nielsen Per , Yssing Cecilie , Bøgelund Mette , Stensen Signe , Nørremark Kasper , Bruun Jens Meldgaard 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimWeight bias, stigma and discrimination are pervasive in the health care system and society and may result in biased treatment of people living with obesity (PwO). We aimed to identify perceptions, attitudes and potential barriers that exist between people with obesity and health care professionals (HCPs) in Denmark.MethodsThe ACTION‐DK survey was a cross‐sectional, non‐interventional, descriptive study conducted in Denmark. The cohort included 879 PwO (body mass index ≥30.0 kg/m2) based on self‐reported height and body weight, and 100 HCPs from the primary and secondary sectors who frequently encountered PwO.ResultsSeveral discrepancies between PwO and HCPs were identified, including recognition of obesity as a chronic disease (PwO: 49% vs. HCPs: 84%) and whether PwO were responsible for their weight loss (PwO: 81% vs. HCPs: 17%). Among PwO, 46% were motivated to lose weight, but only 28% of HCPs shared this perception. Untimely initiation of obesity care consultations was also identified as a potential barrier to proper obesity care, as PwO waited 7 years, on average, from their initial decision to lose weight before having their first obesity care consultation. In addition, only 24% of PwO had a follow‐up consultation after the initial obesity care discussion. Almost half of HCPs (46%) considered weight loss medication effective, but only 10% brought up this possibility during an obesity care discussion.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that it is pivotal to improve obesity care in Denmark by ensuring a better follow‐up and alignment of the perceptions and attitudes toward obesity between PwO and HCPs.
The role of adiponectin for immune cell function in metabolic diseases
Authors: Gao Mingyue , Cui Dawei , Xie Jue 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAdiponectin, as an indispensable regulator of the immune system, is the most abundant adipokine and is mainly produced by white adipose tissue. Adiponectin mediates the positive effects on systemic metabolism by regulating associated downstream signalling pathways; however, accumulating evidence shows that adiponectin plays an important role in regulating the function of innate and adaptive immune cells in the development of obesity and its related diseases. In this review, we focus on the biological function of adiponectin in regulating innate and adaptive immunity and outline the key role of adiponectin in various metabolic diseases, which will highlight a potential direction for adiponectin‐based therapeutic interventions for metabolic diseases.
Women, education, and violence: How women displaced into camps in north‐east Nigeria take up education
Authors: Idika‐Kalu Cecilia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMotivationThe Boko Haram insurgency has ravaged north‐east Nigeria since 2002. The killing, kidnapping, and burning of homes have left millions homeless in its wake. The insurgency has especially affected women. Boko Haram kidnapped 276 girls from a school in one instance; abducted partly for ransom and partly because Boko Haram resents Western education, especially for girls and women. Boko Haram has the dubious distinction of deploying the highest number of women as suicide bombers in history.PurposeHow has displacement by the insurgency affected women's learning and education? How do women affected by Boko Haram experience self‐regulated learning? These questions shed light on how individual resilience manifests itself in women affected by violence and how learning opportunities can be taken up.Methods and approachOver two years, I repeatedly interviewed, using Skype, 10 women aged 18 years or more living in a camp for displaced persons in north‐east Nigeria owing to the violence of the insurgency. I analysed the themes raised in interview using Bandura's self‐efficacy and sensemaking theory as a conceptual framework.FindingsThe interviews revealed three main themes with six subthemes. One theme was the suffering of the women expressed as unquantifiable loss and worries about physical sustenance. A second was support by talking with family and friends, expressed as giving them a compass to guide their lives and encouragement to take advantage of opportunities like education in IDP camps. A third theme was tomorrow and hopes, expressed as dreams of a profession or career, and as desired education and marriage. Social relations helped the women to hope and to aspire. The bonds they built with each other to survive in their new circumstances helped them thrive, therefore developing self‐efficacy. The camp had schools, to which they were able to send their daughters. Many women and girls who previously had no access to Western education in their former lives in deprived villages now had such access.Policy implicationsThe study shows how violence, displacement, and social relations, allied to the concrete opportunity of schooling, allow women to access formal education and create new visions. Policy‐makers should recognize the agency of women in camps, and make sure that schools and other means of education are provided.
Effect of labile and recalcitrant carbon on heterotrophic nitrification in a subtropical forest soil
Authors: Zhang Yi , Cai Zucong , Zhang Jinbo , Müller Christoph 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCarbon (C) is an important factor controlling heterotrophic nitrification in soil, but the effect of individual C components (e.g., labile and recalcitrant C) is largely unclear. We carried out a C amendment experiment in which either labile C (glucose) or a recalcitrant C (cellulose and biochar) was added to a subtropical forest soil. A 15N‐, 13C‐tracing and MiSeq sequencing study was performed to investigate soil gross heterotrophic nitrification rates, carbon utilization for soil respiration and microbial biomass production and microbial composition, respectively. After 2 days, results showed a significant increase of gross heterotrophic nitrification rate in glucose (GLU) (on average 3.34 mg N kg−1 day−1), cellulose (CEL) (on average 0.21 mg N kg−1 day−1) and biochar (BIO) (on average 0.13 mg N kg−1 day−1) amendment in comparison with the unamended soil (CK) (on average 0.01 mg N kg−1 day−1; p < 0.05). The contribution of heterotrophic nitrification to total soil nitrification was significantly larger in GLU (average 85.86%), CEL (average 98.52%) and BIO (average 81.25%) treatments compared with CK (average 33.33%; p < 0.01). After 2‐month amendment, the gross rates remarkably decreased in GLU (average 0.02 mg N kg−1 day−1), and the contribution to total nitrification (average 8.73%) were significantly lower than that in CK (p < 0.05). A decrease in the proportion of heterotrophic nitrification to total nitrification in soil was also observed in CEL (average 38.40%) and BIO (6.74%) treatments. Nevertheless, BIO amendment (compared to CK, GLU and CEL) showed the highest gross heterotrophic nitrification rate, accompanied by a notably higher abundance of specific heterotrophic nitrifiers, i.e. Trichoderma, Aspergillus and Penicillium. These results point to a stimulatory effect of C addition on soil heterotrophic nitrification in the short term, while the stimulatory impact of C amendment diminishes with the decline in easily available C. In addition, a shift of the microbial composition in the long term can possibly be sustained for longer if additional recalcitrant C is available to heterotrophic nitrifiers. The dynamic response of heterotrophic nitrification to labile and recalcitrant C in this study offered an explanation for the positive effect of plantation and plant root exudation on the process.
First case of adult onset neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease with both typical radiological signs and NOTCH2NLC repeat expansions in a Caucasian individual
Authors: Podar Iulian V. , Gutmann Daniel A. P. , Harmuth Florian , Haack Tobias B. , Ossowski Stephan , Hengel Holger , Bornemann Antje , Schöls Ludger , Neuhaus Oliver 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeAdult onset neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder with a heterogeneous clinical presentation that can mimic stroke and various forms of dementia. To date, it has been described almost exclusively in Asian individuals.MethodsThis case presentation includes magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the neurocranium, histology by skin biopsy, and long‐read genome sequencing.ResultsA 75‐year‐old Caucasian female presented with paroxysmal encephalopathy twice within a 14‐month period. Brain MRI revealed high‐intensity signals at the cerebral corticomedullary junction (diffusion‐weighted imaging) and the paravermal area (fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery), a typical distribution observed in adult onset NIID. The diagnosis was corroborated by skin biopsy, which demonstrated eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies, and confirmed by long‐read genome sequencing, showing an expansion of the GGC repeat in exon 1 of NOTCH2NLC.ConclusionsOur case proves adult onset NOTCH2NLC‐GGC‐positive NIID with typical findings on MRI and histology in a Caucasian patient and underscores the need to consider this diagnosis in non‐Asian individuals.