bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of laparoscopic repair on type III/IV giant paraesophageal hernias: a single-center experience
Authors: El-Magd E.-S. A. , Elgeidie A. , Elmahdy Y. , El Sorogy M. , Elyamany M. A. , Abulazm I. L. , Abbas A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Giant paraesophageal hernia (GPEH) is a challenging problem for surgeons because of its high recurrence rate. This study was conducted to compare the outcomes in type IV vs. type III GPEHs after laparoscopic repair. Other outcomes included peri-operative morbidity and long-term quality of life.

Methods
A retrospective analysis of 130 GPEH patients in a period between 2010 and 2019 underwent a tailored laparoscopic repair in our tertiary center with a minimum follow-up of 48 months. Operative steps included hernial sac excision, crural repair, relaxing incisions, and mesh cruroplasty with special indications.

Results
The study enrolled 90 patients with type III and 40 patients with type IV GPEH. Type IV GPEH patients were older, more fragile, and scored worse on ASA classification, aside from having a more challenging surgical technique (wider crura, weaker muscles, increased need for release incisions, and mesh cruroplasty).Type IV GPEHs had a prolonged operative durations, and a higher conversion rate. Additionally, the same group showed increased morbidity, mortality, and re-operation rates. With a mean follow-up of 65 months (range 48–150 months), the incidence of recurrence was 20.7%, with an increased incidence in type IV GPEH (37.5% vs. 13.33% in type III GPEH). Type IV GPEH, low pre-operative albumin, larger crural defect, and low surgeon experience were significant risk factors for recurrence after laparoscopic repair of GPEH.

Conclusion
Type IV GPEH has a higher peri-operative morbidity and recurrence rate; so, a more tailored laparoscopic repair with a high surgeon experience is needed.
Synthesizing differentially private location traces including co-locations
Authors: Narita Jun , Murakami Takao , Hino Hideitsu , Nishigaki Masakatsu , Ohki Tetsushi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPrivacy-preserving location synthesizers have been widely studied to perform private geo-data analysis. They have also been used for generating datasets for research or competitions. However, existing location synthesizers do not take into account the friendship information of users. Because friends tend to visit the same place at the same time in practice, a location synthesizer should consider such co-locations of friends to generate a more realistic dataset. In this paper, we propose a novel location synthesizer that generates location traces including co-locations of friends. Our location synthesizer models the information about the co-locations with two parameters:friendship probabilityandco-location count matrix. Our synthesizer generates a synthetic graph based on the friendship probability and then generates synthetic co-locations using the synthetic graph and the co-location count matrix. The two parameters in our synthesizer provide strong privacy guarantees—the friendship probability provides node differential privacy (DP) and the co-location count matrix provides user-level DP. We evaluate our synthesizer using two real datasets. Our experimental results show that our synthesizer preserves co-locations and other statistical features while providing DP with reasonable privacy budgets, e.g., 0.2-node DP and 2-user-level DP.
Simulating porcelain firing effect on the structure, corrosion and mechanical properties of Co–Cr–Mo dental alloy fabricated by soft milling
Authors: Lekatou Angeliki G. , Emmanouilidou Sevasti , Dimitriadis Konstantinos , Baikousi Maria , Karakassides Michael A. , Agathopoulos Simeon 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study aims at evaluating the effect of simulating porcelain firing on the microstructure, corrosion behavior and mechanical properties of a Co–Cr–Mo alloy fabricated by Metal Soft Milling (MSM). Two groups of Co-28Cr-5Mo specimens (25 × 20 × 3 mm) were prepared by MSM: The as-sintered (AS) specimens and the post-fired (PF) specimens that were subjected to 5 simulating porcelain firing cycles without applying the ceramic mass onto their surface. Phase identification by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), microstructure examination by optical microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy combined with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), corrosion testing by cyclic polarization and chronoamperometry in simulated body fluid (SBF), the latter test accompanied by Cr3+ and Cr6+ detection in the electrolyte through the 1.5-diphenylcarbazide (DPC) method and UV/visible spectrophotometry, and mechanical testing by micro-/nano-indentation were conducted to evaluate the effect of the post-firing cycles on the properties of Co–Cr–Mo. The results were statistically analyzed by the t test (p < 0.05: statistically significant). All specimens had a mixed γ-fcc and ε-hcp cobalt-based microstructure with a dispersion of pores filled with SiO2 and a fine M23C6 intergranular presence. PF led to an increase in the ε-Co content and slight grain coarsening. Both AS and PF alloys showed high resistance to general and localized corrosion, whereas neither Cr6+ nor Cr3+ were detected during the passivity-breakdown stage. PF improved the mechanical properties of the AS-alloy, especially the indentation modulus and true hardness (statistically significant differences: p = 0.0009 and 0.006, respectively). MSM and MSM/simulating-porcelain firing have been proven trustworthy fabrication methods of Co–Cr–Mo substrates for metal-ceramic prostheses. Moreover, the post-firing cycles improve the mechanical behavior of Co–Cr–Mo, which is vital under the dynamically changing loads in the oral cavity, whereas they do not degrade the corrosion performance.
Industry 4.0 and circular economy for emerging markets: evidence from small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the Indian food sector
Authors: Despoudi Stella , Sivarajah Uthayasankar , Spanaki Konstantina , Charles Vincent , Durai Vel Kandhan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe linear economic business model was deemed unsustainable, necessitating the emergence of the circular economy (CE) business model. Due to resource scarcity, increasing population, and high food waste levels, the food sector has been facing significant sustainability challenges. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), particularly those in the food sector, are making efforts to become more sustainable and to adopt new business models such as the CE, but adoption rates remain low. Industry 4.0 and its associated technological applications have the potential to enable CE implementation and boost business competitiveness. In the context of emerging economies facing significant resource scarcity constraints and limited technology availability, CE principles need to be adapted. CE could create a new job economy in emerging economies, bringing scale and a competitive advantage. This study explores the enablers of and barriers to Industry 4.0 adoption for CE implementation in fruit and vegetable SMEs in India from a resource-based perspective. The purpose is to develop an evidence-based framework to help inform theory and practice about CE implementation by SMEs in emerging economies. Fifteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with experts in food SMEs. The interview transcripts were first subjected to thematic analysis. The analysis was then complemented with sentiment and emotion analyses. Subsequently, hierarchical cluster analysis, k-means analysis, and linear projection analysis were performed. Among others, the findings suggest that Industry 4.0 plays a key role in implementing CE in SMEs in emerging economies such as India. However, there are specific enablers and barriers that need to be considered by SMEs to develop the resources and capabilities needed for CE competitive advantage.
Persistence Initialization: a novel adaptation of the Transformer architecture for time series forecasting
Authors: Haugsdal Espen , Aune Erlend , Ruocco Massimiliano 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTime series forecasting is an important problem, with many real world applications. Transformer models have been successfully applied to natural language processing tasks, but have received relatively little attention for time series forecasting. Motivated by the differences between classification tasks and forecasting, we propose PI-Transformer, an adaptation of the Transformer architecture designed for time series forecasting, consisting of three parts: First, we propose a novel initialization method called Persistence Initialization, with the goal of increasing training stability of forecasting models by ensuring that the initial outputs of an untrained model are identical to the outputs of a simple baseline model. Second, we use ReZero normalization instead of Layer Normalization, in order to further tackle issues related to training stability. Third, we use Rotary positional encodings to provide a better inductive bias for forecasting. Multiple ablation studies show that the PI-Transformer is more accurate, learns faster, and scales better than regular Transformer models. Finally, PI-Transformer achieves competitive performance on the challenging M4 dataset, both when compared to the current state of the art, and to recently proposed Transformer models for time series forecasting.
A Re-evaluation of Online Pornography Use in Germany: A Combination of Web Tracking and Survey Data Analysis
Authors: von Andrian-Werburg Maximilian T. P. , Siegers Pascal , Breuer Johannes 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSeveral researchers have questioned the reliability of pornography research's findings. Following a recent call to use more reliable data sources, we conducted two analyses to investigate patterns and predictors of online pornography use (OPU). Our analyses were based on data from a large-scale German online web tracking panel (N = 3018) gathered from June 2018 to June 2019. The study we present here has two parts: In the first part, we looked at group differences (gender and age) in tracked OPU. Overall, this part's results confirm questionnaire-based research findings regarding sex and age differences. In the second part of our study, we combined the web tracking data with data from an online survey which was answered by a subset of the tracking participants (n = 1315) to assess the relevance of various predictors of OPU that have been identified in previous research. Again, our results mostly echoed previous findings based on self-reports. Online pornography was used more by males and younger individuals, while relationship status, sexist attitudes, and social dominance orientation were not associated with OPU. However, we did find differences in OPU between members of different religious communities. Our study confirms some critical findings on OPU from previous questionnaire-based research while extending existing research by providing a more fine-grained analysis of usage patterns based on web tracking data.
Modeling specific aneuploidies: from karyotype manipulations to biological insights
Authors: Truong My Anh , Cané-Gasull Paula , Lens Susanne M. A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAn abnormal chromosome number, or aneuploidy, underlies developmental disorders and is a common feature of cancer, with different cancer types exhibiting distinct patterns of chromosomal gains and losses. To understand how specific aneuploidies emerge in certain tissues and how they contribute to disease development, various methods have been developed to alter the karyotype of mammalian cells and mice. In this review, we provide an overview of both classic and novel strategies for inducing or selecting specific chromosomal gains and losses in human and murine cell systems. We highlight how these customized aneuploidy models helped expanding our knowledge of the consequences of specific aneuploidies to (cancer) cell physiology.
A new formulation of the surface charge/surface potential relationship in electrolytes with valence less than three
Authors: Nødland Oddbjørn , Hiorth Aksel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSurface complexation models (SCMs) based on Gouy-Chapman theory are often used to describe adsorption of ions onto mineral surfaces. To compensate for the buildup of charge at a solid surface, the composition of the electric diffuse layer next to the surface must balance the surface charge. To calculate the diffuse layer composition, several nonlinear equations and integrals must be solved, usually with an iterative approach. Before convergence, charge balance is typically not fulfilled. One numerical difficulty is that, because of these charge balance errors, the iterative solver may attempt to take the square root of a negative number. Herein, we show that for electrolytes containing only monovalent or divalent ions (i.e., most electrolytes encountered in practice), we can greatly simplify the integrals and eliminate the appearance of complex-valued integrands; it is even possible to derive explicit analytical formulas. Furthermore, using the new method prevents converging to non-physical roots of the Grahame equation, which links surface potential to surface charge. To the best of our knowledge, the presented formulation has not been implemented in geochemical modelling software before, although similar mathematical expressions have been presented in the literature. In Gouy-Chapman theory, ions can only be distinguished by their charges, but this is not consistent with all experimental findings. We present a model that allows for the preferential accumulation of ions in the diffuse layer. The model, which is implemented mathematically by including ion exchange sites with a variable exchange capacity, is flexible and more numerically tractable than the standard models for the diffuse layer.
Bayesian model evaluation for multiple scenarios
Authors: Aanonsen Sigurd Ivar , Fossum Kristian , Mannseth Trond 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTraditional uncertainty analysis for subsurface models is typically based on a single dynamic model with a number of uncertain parameters. Improved and more robust forecasting can be obtained by combining several models in a Bayesian setting using model averaging. The traditional Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA), however, suffers from several drawbacks, such as too large sensitivity to prior model assumptions and instability with respect to measurement perturbations, especially when the number of measurements is large. We suggest a modified version of BMA (MBMA) where the calculations are stabilized using an ensemble of measurements. Bayesian stacking (BS) is a method that is directly focused on the performance of the combined predictive distribution of several models. The original version of BS (BSLOO) is based on leave-one-out cross-validation and requires a Bayesian inversion for each data point which may be very time consuming. We suggest a modified version of stacking (MBS) that requires only a single history match and uses an ensemble of measurements. MBS may be used with either prior (MBS-pri) or posterior (MBS-post) predictive distributions. The behavior of the methods is illustrated using three synthetic, linear examples. One is a simple mixture model. The other two are inspired by 4D seismic data. The results with MBS-pri are very similar to the results with MBMA. The results with MBS-post are similar to those of BSLOO when the data are uncorrelated. MBS can take into account correlated data or measurement errors, while correlations are neglected in the BSLOO weight calculations.
An early onset cone dystrophy due to CEP290 mutation: a case report
Authors: Binder Anastasia , Kohl Susanne , Grasshoff Ute , Schäferhoff Karin , Stingl Katarina 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Biallelic mutations in the CEP290 gene cause early onset retinal dystrophy or syndromic disease such as Senior-Loken or Joubert syndrome. Here, we present an unusual non-syndromic case of a juvenile retinal dystrophy caused by biallelic CEP290 mutations imitating initially the phenotype of achromatopsia or slowly progressing cone dystrophy.

Methods
We present 13 years of follow-up of a female patient who presented first with symptoms and findings typical for achromatopsia. The patient underwent functional and morphologic examinations, including fundus autofluorescence imaging, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, electroretinography, color vision and visual field testing.

Results
Diagnostic genetic testing via whole genome sequencing and virtual inherited retinal disease gene panel evaluation finally identified two compound heterozygous variants c.4452_4455del;p.(Lys1484Asnfs*4) and c.2414T > C;p.(Leu805Pro) in the CEP290 gene.

Conclusions
CEP290 mutation causes a wide variety of clinical phenotypes. The presented case shows a phenotype resembling achromatopsia or early onset slowly progressing cone dystrophy.
Exploring the impact of AI on teacher leadership: regressing or expanding?
Authors: Ghamrawi Norma , Shal Tarek , Ghamrawi Najah A.R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on teacher leadership, specifically examining whether AI is expanding or regressing teacher leadership, as perceived by teachers who were using AI in their teaching practices. Using a qualitative research design, the study employed semi-structured interviews to collect data from 13 teachers from five countries. The data were then analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings of the study indicated that the use of AI has the potential to both expand and regress teacher leadership. AI can expand teacher leadership by providing tools for personalization, curriculum development, automating administrative tasks, and supporting professional development. However, AI was also viewed to be regressing teacher leadership, by narrowing the role because technology was taking over some of its aspects. Five sets of competencies were suggested by teachers for teacher leaders to sustain their roles in an AI era. The study concludes that the impact of AI on teacher leadership depends on how it is implemented and integrated into the education system. It highlights the importance of continued research and training in this area to inform future education policies and practices.
Geospatial modeling for planning an optimum and least-cost route to link three historical sites in El-Fayoum desert, Egypt
Authors: Effat Hala A. , El-Zeiny Ahmed , Sowilem M. , Mansour K. , Elwan Khaled 
Published: August 2023

AbstractImproving the accessibility to archaeological sites in a desert is a crucial issue; it enhances the landscape value and helps in achieving sustainable tourism development. El-Fayoum Oasis and Governorate in Egypt, has a unique heterogenic environment that encompasses desert, lakes, agriculture lands, and urban areas. It is quite rich in historical heritage reflected by abundant archaeological and cultural sites, many of which fall in desert zones. A main constraint is the poor or lack of accessibility to such sites. In this study, we designed a geospatial model for planning a sustainable least cost tourist route (path) to link and develop three archaeological sites namely; Madinet Madi, Watfa city and Ummal-Barijat ruins. Spatial multicriteria decision analysis was integrated with the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and the least cost path modules. Three cost criteria themes were created associated with economic, social and environmental costs. A cost surface and a least-cost path were created for each criterion and for each theme. The themes were combined using weighted linear combination to create four least cost scenarios for the path. Five preference criteria were used to compare the four route scenarios. Results show that the environmental scenario scored first scoring 0.69 while the economy path scores second 0.42, the equal weights path scores third 0.40 and finally the social path comes to be the last having a preference score 0.36. The method is flexible because priority can be changed and adapted according to specifications and site variances. It can be helpful for decision makers and planners in planning routes based on visual maps and priority visions.
Post-thaw quality assessment of testicular fragments as a source of spermatogonial cells for surrogate production in the flatfish Solea senegalensis
Authors: Cabrita Elsa , Pacchiarini Tiziana , Fatsini Elvira , Sarasquete Carmen , Herráez María Paz 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCryopreservation of germ cells would facilitate the availability of cells at any time allowing the selection of donors and maintaining quality control for further applications such as transplantation and germline recovery. In the present study, we analyzed the efficiency of four cryopreservation protocols applied either to isolated cell suspensions or to testes fragments from Senegalese sole. In testes fragments, the quality of cryopreserved germ cells was analyzed in vitro in terms of cell recovery, integrity and viability, DNA integrity (fragmentation and apoptosis), and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde levels). Transplantation of cryopreserved germ cells was performed to check the capacity of cells to in vivo incorporate into the gonadal primordium of Senegalese sole early larval stages (6 days after hatching (dah), pelagic live), during metamorphosis (10 dah) and at post-metamorphic stages (16 dah and 20 dah, benthonic life). Protocols incorporating dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a cryoprotectant showed higher number of recovered spermatogonia, especially in samples cryopreserved with L-15 + DMSO (0.39 ± 0.18 × 106 cells). Lipid peroxidation and DNA fragmentation were also significantly lower in this treatment compared with other treatments. An important increase in oxidation (MDA levels) was detected in samples containing glycerol as a cryoprotectant, reflected also in terms of DNA damage. Transplantation of L-15 + DMSO cryopreserved germ cells into larvae during early metamorphosis (10 dah, 5.2 mm) showed higher incorporation of cells (27.30 ± 5.27%) than other larval stages (lower than 11%). Cryopreservation of germ cells using testes fragments frozen with L-15 + DMSO was demonstrated to be a useful technique to store Senegalese sole germline.
Masculinity, Citizenship, and Demography: the Rise of Populism
Authors: Turner Bryan S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe article examines the rise of contemporary populist movements in Europe and North America. These movements are driven primarily by working-class men who feel marginalized by developments in employment, work conditions, family life, and, in particular, by gender politics and the modern status of women. The growth of the service sector has created new opportunities for women. Demography, especially the decline in the fertility rate, has been neglected in sociological theories of the modern development of radical populism. With a declining and ageing population, the labor market depends increasingly on immigrant workers. These circumstances—feminism and migration—fuel the frustration of marginalized men who form the basis of radical populism.
The Relationship Between Autism and Pitch Perception is Modulated by Cognitive Abilities
Authors: Ong Jia Hoong , Zhao Chen , Bacon Alex , Leung Florence Yik Nam , Veic Anamarija , Wang Li , Jiang Cunmei , Liu Fang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPrevious studies reported mixed findings on autistic individuals’ pitch perception relative to neurotypical (NT) individuals. We investigated whether this may be partly due to individual differences in cognitive abilities by comparing their performance on various pitch perception tasks on a large sample (n = 164) of autistic and NT children and adults. Our findings revealed that: (i) autistic individuals either showed similar or worse performance than NT individuals on the pitch tasks; (ii) cognitive abilities were associated with some pitch task performance; and (iii) cognitive abilities modulated the relationship between autism diagnosis and pitch perception on some tasks. Our findings highlight the importance of taking an individual differences approach to understand the strengths and weaknesses of pitch processing in autism.