bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of artificial intelligence in hastening time to recruitment in clinical trials
Authors: Ismail Abdalah , Al-Zoubi Talha , El Naqa Issam , Saeed Hina 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Novel and developing artificial intelligence (AI) systems can be integrated into healthcare settings in numerous ways. For example, in the case of automated image classification and natural language processing, AI systems are beginning to demonstrate near expert level performance in detecting abnormalities such as seizure activity. This paper, however, focuses on AI integration into clinical trials. During the clinical trial recruitment process, considerable labor and time is spent sifting through electronic health record and interviewing patients. With the advancement of deep learning techniques such as natural language processing, intricate electronic health record data can be efficiently processed. This provides utility to workflows such as recruitment for clinical trials. Studies are starting to show promise in shortening the time to recruitment and reducing workload for those involved in clinical trial design. Additionally, numerous guidelines are being constructed to encourage integration of AI into the healthcare setting with meaningful impact. The goal would be to improve the clinical trial process by reducing bias in patient composition, improving retention of participants, and lowering costs and labor.
Adherence with standard guidelines among doctors involved in aerosol generating procedures to control COVID-19 transmission
Authors: Hassan Madeeha , Waqar S H , Shahzad Fatima , Siraj Minhaj us 
Published: May 2023

Objectives: To review the strategies for controlling COVID-19 transmission among doctors involved in aerosol generating procedures.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad from September to November 2020, using a 21-itemed initially piloted self-administered questionnaire designed on Google forms. It was shared with doctors involved in Aerosol generating medical procedures (AGMPs) by using social media applications. After the data was collected, it was analyzed using SPSS version 21.
Results: A total of 136 doctors participated in the study that included 59 female and 77 male participants. Our 67 (49.3%) participants screened their patients for signs and symptoms of COVID-19 before a routine checkup. The most common disinfectant used for reusable medical equipment by 62 (45.6%) respondents was alcohol swab, 57 (41.9%) did not disinfect reusable equipment and 17 (12.5%) used Dettol water spray.
Conclusion: Majority of the doctors involved in AGMPS are not following the guidelines provided by international and national bodies. As such adherence to guidelines can help prevent COVID19 transmission in frontline doctors especially those involved in aerosol generating procedures.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.3971
How to cite this: Hassan M, Waqar SH, Shahzad F, Minhaj us Siraj. Adherence with standard guidelines among doctors involved in aerosol generating procedures to control COVID-19 transmission. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.3971
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Photo-induced photoacoustic streaming and pineapple peel extract as final irrigant on extrusion bond strength of root filling material to canal wall
Authors: Saeed Alghamdi AbdulRehman , Alotaibi Badi , Alsalhi Hanin , Aljuailan Roqayah Ibrahim , Barakat Ali 
Published: May 2023

Objective: Photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) with pineapple peel extract (PPE) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a final endodontic irrigant on the push-out bond strength (PBS) of root filling material to conventional irrigation NaOCl with EDTA.
Methods: An in vitro study at Dar Al Uloom University was conducted over three months. Root canal preparation was performed. Based on final irrigation, all the specimens were divided randomly into four groups (n=10) Group 1: 2.25% NaOCl+ 17% EDTA (control), Group-2: 2.25% NaOCl+PIPS + 6.25% PPE, Group-3: 2.25% NaOCl+PIPS + 17% EDTA, Group-4: 2.25% NaOCl + 6.25% PPE. Canals were obturated and sealed with AH Plus sealer. Root sectioning was performed at 1mm thickness and PBS testing was performed using the universal testing machine. The debonded samples were analyzed for failure mode. ANOVA compared the means and standard deviations (SD) of all investigated group. Assessment of multiple comparisons was performed using Tukey’s post hoc test.
Results: The maximum PBS was demonstrated by the coronal section of Group-2 (2.25%NaOCl +PIPS+6.25%PPE) specimens (8.21±0.81MPa). The apical section of Group-1 (2.25% NaOCl+17% EDTA) specimens demonstrated minimum bond strength (2.80±0.18 MPa). The intergroup comparison revealed that Group-3 (2.25% NaOCl +PIPS +17% EDTA) and Group-2 demonstrated comparable outcomes (p>0.05). Group-4 (2.25% NaOCl +6.25% PPE) specimens established significantly lower values than Group-3 and Group-4 (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Photon-induced photoacoustic streaming with pineapple peel extract and EDTA demonstrated better bond strength of root canal sealer and have the potential to be used as the final irrigant.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.7370
How to cite this: AlGhamdi ARS, Alotaibi B, Alsalhi H, Aljuailan RI, Barakat A. Photo-induced photoacoustic streaming and pineapple peel extract as final irrigant on extrusion bond strength of root filling material to canal wall . Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.7370
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Lipoid Proteinosis: Identification of a Novel Nonsense Mutation c.1246C>T:p.R416X in ECM1 gene from Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Md. Azraf Hossain , Reza Md. Abu , Sharaf Ibrahim Md. , Alam Md. Jahangir , Rahman Md. Mostafizur , Chandra Pampa , Anwar Kazi Selim , Salam Md. Abdus 
Published: May 2023

Lipoid proteinosis is a rare multisystem genodermatosis inherited as autosomal recessive trait. We report a case of lipoid proteinosis in a 10-year-old boy born to first-degree consanguineous parents presented with marked hoarseness of voice, accelerated photoaging appearance, enlarged and erythematous tongue with restricted movement and widespread dermatoses. Biopsy of oral mucosa revealed Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-positive amorphous eosinophilic hyaline deposits. Mutational analysis revealed a homozygous nonsense mutation with C to T substitution at nucleotide position 1246(c.1246C>T) in exon-8 of the extracellular matrix protein 1 gene leading to a stop codon. Both the parents were unaffected heterozygous carriers. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of lipoid proteinosis with evidence of a novel nonsense genetic mutation from Bangladesh.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.7437
How to cite this: Khan MAH, Reza MA, Sharaf IM, Alam MJ, Rahman MM, Chandra P, et al. Lipoid Proteinosis: Identification of a Novel Nonsense Mutation c.1246C>T:p.R416X in ECM1 gene from Bangladesh. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.7437
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Effects of vaccination against COVID-19 on the emotional health of older adults
Authors: Alarcon-Ruiz Christoper A. , Romero-Albino Zoila , Soto-Becerra Percy , Huarcaya-Victoria Jeff , Runzer-Colmenares Fernando M. , Romani-Huacani Elisa , Villarreal-Zegarra David , Maguiña Jorge L. , Apolaya-Segura Moises , Cuba-Fuentes Sofía 
Published: May 2023

Background:The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted the mental and emotional health of the elderly, especially those from low to middle-income countries. However, COVID-19 vaccination may reduce this influence. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the effect of vaccination against COVID-19 on the emotional health of older adults.Methods:We selected a national, random, and stratified sample of non-hospitalized adults aged 60 to 79 years from Peru who intended to receive or had already received the COVID-19 vaccine during recruitment. During June and July 2021, the assessed outcomes were fear, anxiety, and worry about COVID-19, general anxiety, and depression at baseline and after a month. We estimated the adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for each altered emotional health outcome in those who had one and two doses, compared with those who were not vaccinated using multilevel logistic regression with mixed effects.Results:We recruited 861 older adults with 20.8% of loss to follow-up. At baseline, 43.9% had received only one dose of the vaccine, and 49.1% had two doses. In the analysis during follow-up, those who had two doses had less fear (aOR: 0.19; CI 95%: 0.07 to 0.51) and anxiety to COVID-19 (aOR: 0.45; CI 95%: 0.22 to 0.89), compared to unvaccinated. Also, those with two doses were significantly less likely to have fear of COVID-19 (aOR: 0.35; CI 95%: 0.21 to 0.59), anxiety about COVID-19 (aOR: 0.48; CI 95%: 0.34 to 0.68), and worry about COVID-19 (aOR: 0.58; CI 95%: 0.37 to 0.94), compared to those who had only one dose. We observed no effects in those with only one dose compared to unvaccinated.Conclusions:Two doses of COVID-19 vaccination in older adults improves their perception of COVID-19 infection consequences. This information could be integrated into the vaccination campaign as an additional beneficial effect.
O statusie uchwał Komisji Nadzoru Finansowego
Authors: Orłowski Łukasz 
Published: May 2023

Niniejsza publikacja określa usytuowanie uchwał Komisji Nadzoru Finansowego, które są zwane „rekomendacjami”, a czasem „wytycznymi”, w systemie źródeł prawa. Autorowi przyświeca cel odpowiedzi na pytanie, jaki jest status prawny uchwał Komisji, jak również, czy Komisja może oprzeć swe władcze rozstrzygnięcia na artykułowanych przez siebie normach? Rozumianych przez autora jako stworzenie przepisu, który Komisja Nadzoru Finansowego będzie egzekwować. Badacz poprzez zastosowanie metody dogmatyczno-prawnej i empiryczno-prawnej rozważa, czy uchwały Komisji Nadzoru Finansowego możemy zaliczyć do form normatywnego działania administracji, czy mieszczą się one w dychotomicznym podziale źródeł prawa? Czy „rekomendacje” są prawnie wiążące dla podmiotów rynku finansowego? Wreszcie autor analizuje, czy Komisja posiada expressis verbis kompetencje do tworzenia „rekomendacji”, które to następnie w formie imperatywnej adresuje do sektora ubezpieczeniowego, oczekując ich implementacji. Czy też organ nadzoru przywłaszcza sobie uprawnienia innych organów, stosując wykładnię legalną przepisów? Na sam koniec badań o charakterze dogmatycznym autor postara się odpowiedzieć na pytanie, w jakim celu Komisja Nadzoru Finansowego wydaje „rekomendacje”?
In the end, it’s our future that’s going to be changed: Enquiring about the environment with freedom and responsibility
Authors: Lockrobin Grace Clare 
Published: May 2023

The environmental crisis—because of its complexity, urgency, unpredictability, and scale—requires a defence of the educational role of philosophy and an account of how to implement philosophical pedagogy in the exploration of environmental issues. This is the aim of this paper. As we face an uncertain future, all educators must consider what knowledge and “know-how” young people need, and what kind of people they need to become, if they are to survive and thrive in this changing world. Philosophical educators cannot assume the ongoing utility of their practice, nor can they expect that their practice should remain the same. In the context of the current crisis, the philosophical exploration of emerging environmental issues raises challenges for those who work in the spirit of Community of Enquiry and these challenges require both discipline and flexibility from practitioners and participants. This paper outlines some of the adaptations that I have used to try and respond flexibly to this predicament. But I also defend an issue on which I believe philosophical educators should hold the line—namely the importance of being non-directive on matters that are philosophically contentious. I defend the view that despite the existential nature of this emergency and its profound urgency, it is not the role of philosophical educators to convince or coerce philosophical learners to adopt particular views on the philosophical questions that this crisis raises. This is because all philosophical enquiry involves creating an environment of freedom and responsibility with respect to what participants believe to be right and true and what they do as a result. Participants in enquiry must be epistemically free to explore and evaluate philosophical questions as they see fit, but they must also be epistemically responsible for the evidence and arguments on which their provisional judgements rest. Equally, participants in enquiry must be ethically free to respond to philosophical problems in ways that express and cultivate their authentic character and commitments, but they remain ethically responsible for their true motivations, their professed values and for the real-life consequences of their words and actions, and their silences and inaction. This paper explores some ways to optimise freedom and responsibility in all forms of philosophical enquiry, drawing specifically on examples of my work with young people on philosophically contentious environmental issues. These examples also highlight some of the adaptations that I have developed to address the challenges that environmental enquiry brings.
ENTRELAÇAMENTOS CRÍTICOS NA EDUCAÇÃO LINGUÍSTICA / CALL FOR PAPERS: CRITICAL ENTANGLEMENTS IN LANGUAGE EDUCATION
Authors: Jorge Miriam , Takaki Nara Hiroko , Pessoa Rosane Rocha , Mizan Souzana 
Published: May 2023

Apresentação Dossiê 27 ENTRELAÇAMENTOS CRÍTICOS NA EDUCAÇÃO LINGUÍSTICA / CALL FOR PAPERS: CRITICAL ENTANGLEMENTS IN LANGUAGE EDUCATION
Technological aspects of dental education: will we still be reading a paper journal in 50 years?
Authors: Walmsley Damien A , Silva Marco Antonio Dias da 
Published: May 2023

Change has become the norm and with the digital revolution we are seeing the demise of the printed word. Dentistry is a pictorial subject, but will pictures in a textbook or journal be surpassed by accessing digital ones on a screen? This article reviews the rapidly changing access and reading of dental publications. An argument is that the ease of access to electronic material, such as video and podcasts, may make traditional paper-based publications obsolete. Already dentistry is seeing such changes take place. With such revolutions come challenges. Misinformation is much easier to generate, and the evidence base may be diluted. Furthermore artificial intelligence is now able to produce text and papers that will make it more difficult to critically review the dental content on offer. The future will bring many challenges and this article provides an opinion on what dentistry might expect. CPD/Clinical Relevance: There are challenges posed by the increasing use of digital resources for information and how this might impact dental knowledge.
Berreman type perfect absorber based on epsilon near zero material gallium doped zinc oxide
Authors: Chen Kuan-An , Liang Sen , Zheng Jun , Han Chengcan , Zhang Yueguang , Lin Lei , Ye Hui 
Published: May 2023

Optical performances of epsilon near zero (ENZ) material gallium doped zinc oxide (GZO) can be effectively tuned by modulating substrate types, substrate heating temperatures, as well as post-annealing procedures. Four GZO film samples with imaginary part of permittivity at their ENZ wavelengths of εENZ

′′
= 0.26, 0.32, 0.50, 0.68 were deposited with radio frequency magnetron sputtering technology, all samples could reach perfect absorption at a certain incident angle and wavelength. A smaller εENZ

′′
of GZO film provides narrower bandwidth of near perfect absorption peak (higher Q-factor), while a larger εENZ

′′
tends to have a broader bandwidth. Furthermore, the incident angle allowed to achieve perfect absorption is also influenced by εENZ

′′
of GZO films. To realize near perfect absorption (reflectivity below 5%), larger εENZ

′′
provides a wider near perfect absorption window (Δθ); smaller εENZ

′′
tends to have an easier condition to achieve perfect absorption.
On the inverse Collatz-Sinogowitz irregularity problem
Authors: Alazemi Abdullah , Anđelić Milica , Dimitrov Darko 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The Collatz-Sinogowitz irregularity index is the oldest known numerical measure of graph irregularity. For a simple and connected graph

G

G

of order

n

n

and size

m

m

, it is defined as

CS

(

G

)

=

λ

1

−
2
m

/

n
,

\hspace{0.1em}\text{CS}\hspace{0.1em}\left(G)={\lambda }_{1}-2m\hspace{0.1em}\text{/}\hspace{0.1em}n,

where

λ

1

{\lambda }_{1}

is the largest eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix of

G

G

, and

2
m

/

n

2m\hspace{0.1em}\text{/}\hspace{0.1em}n

is the average vertex degree of

G

G

. Here, the Collatz-Sinogowitz inverse irregularity problem is studied. For every integer

i
≥
0

i\ge 0

, it is shown that there exists a graph

G

G

such that

CS

(

G

)

=
i

\hspace{0.1em}\text{CS}\hspace{0.1em}\left(G)=i

. Also, for every interval

I

i

=

(

i
,
i
+
1

)

{I}_{i}=\left(i,i+1)

, it is shown that there are infinitely many graphs whose Collatz-Sinogowitz irregularity lies in

I

i

{I}_{i}

.
Nano-shaping of chiral photons
Authors: Sunaba Yuji , Ide Masaki , Takei Ryo , Sakai Kyosuke , Pin Christophe , Sasaki Keiji 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Localized surface plasmon polaritons can confine the optical field to a single-nanometer-scale area, strongly enhancing the interaction between photons and molecules. Theoretically, the ultimate enhancement might be achieved by reducing the “photon size” to the molecular extinction cross-section. In addition, desired control of electronic transitions in molecules can be realized if the “photon shape” can be manipulated on a single-nanometer scale. By matching the photon shape with that of the molecular electron wavefunction, optically forbidden transitions can be induced efficiently and selectively, enabling various unconventional photoreactions. Here, we demonstrate the possibility of forming single-nanometer-scale, highly intense fields of optical vortices using designed plasmonic nanostructures. The orbital and spin angular momenta provided by a Laguerre–Gaussian beam are selectively transferred to the localized plasmons of a metal multimer structure and then confined into a nanogap. This plasmonic nano-vortex field is expected to fit the molecular electron orbital shape and spin with the corresponding angular momenta.
High spatiotemporal resolved imaging of ultrafast control of nondiffracting surface plasmon polaritons
Authors: Hu Hanmin , Ji Boyu , Wang Lun , Lang Peng , Xu Yang , Zhao Zhenlong , Song Xiaowei , Lin Jingquan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Nondiffracting Bessel surface plasmon polariton (SPP) beams, which have unique self-healing, non-divergence, and linear transmission properties, have charming applications in plasmonic devices and on-chip interconnection circuits. Here we first realize, to the best of our knowledge, the ultrafast control and imaging of the Bessel SPP pulse on the nano-femto scale in the experiment. We demonstrate ultrafast control of Bessel SPP pulse switching by controlling the instantaneous polarization state of the excitation light. Moreover, this variation process is directly mapped on the nano-femto scale by time-resolved two-color photoemission electron microscopy. The results are well reproduced by the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The current study of ultrafast control and spatiotemporally imaging the switching process establishes an experimental paradigm for revealing the complex mechanisms in ultrafast control of nondiffracting SPP and are useful for developing high-speed, highly-integrated nanophotonic devices, and on-chip circuits.
Das Betroffensein von Demut
Authors: Puchta Jonas 
Published: May 2023

Zusammenfassung
In begrifflicher Hinsicht hat die Demut nicht nur in der Öffentlichkeit, sondern auch innerhalb der Theologie und Philosophie an Aufmerksamkeit gewonnen. Auf phänomenologischer Grundlage untersucht der Beitrag einschlägige Erfahrungen des Menschseins, die eine Definition erlauben und nahelegen, was mit „Demut“ gegenwärtig gemeint sein könnte. Der analysierte Zusammenhang von Gefühl und Normativität möchte verdeutlichen, inwiefern die Betroffenen auch über die ausschlaggebenden Erlebnisse hinaus die Demut langfristig in ihre Lebensführung einfließen lassen. Die Ausführungen berühren dabei ein ähnliches Begriffsverständnis, wie es zum Beispiel Schleiermacher, Ritschl, Herrmann oder Otto vorgetragen haben, aber möchten zugleich zeigen, inwiefern man die Demut auch anders als im traditionell christlichen Sinne verstehen könnte. Die Untersuchung legt eine alternative phänomenologische Lesart vor, die dem fruchtbaren theologischen Diskurs eine fundierte Analyse von Erfahrungen zur Unterstützung anbieten möchte.
Endoscopic resection of gastric glomus tumor: a case report and literature review
Authors: Dong Xinqian , Zhao Jiting , Sun Zhen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Gastric glomus tumor (GGT) is a rare mesenchymal tumor, mostly located in the gastric antrum region, and occasionally displays malignant behavior. Due to the lack of typical endoscopic or clinical features that distinguish GGT from other gastric submucosal tumors, the diagnosis is based primarily on postoperative histopathological and immunohistochemical findings. The first-line treatment is either local laparoscopic resection or open surgical intervention. Endoscopic resection techniques can also be used to successfully treat such lesions.

Case presentation
This case report presented a 39-year-old woman suffering from anorexia for the past 15 days. Barium upper gastrointestinal radiography suggested a benign space-occupying lesion in the antrum region. Endoscopically, a non-ulcerative, smooth submucosal lesion was observed in the greater curvature of the antrum. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) examination revealed a hypoechoic lesion with an anechoic zone in the center, originating from the muscularis propria layer of the stomach wall, which could be a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST).

Conclusions
The lesion was successfully removed via submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER). Based on histopathological and immunohistochemical findings, the patient was diagnosed with GGT.
Hollow microgels and their hybrids: classification, synthesis, characterization, properties and applications
Authors: Hassan Ahmad , Sajid Iqra , Akmal Muhammad , Aslam Muniba , Roy Prashun Ghosh , Zhou Shuiqin , Irfan Ahmad , Shahid Muhammad , Begum Robina , Farooqi Zahoor H. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Hollow microgels and their hybrids have gained much attention in modern-day research because of their fascinating properties and potential applications. This article gives classification, preparation methods, properties and applications of hollow microgels and their hybrids in modern research. Some of the hollow microgels and their hybrids respond to change in specific environmental stimuli like pH, ionic strength and temperature of the medium. They are called smart polymer hollow microgels and smart hybrid microgels, respectively. This peculiar behaviour makes them a suitable candidate for their use in drug delivery, sensing, catalysis and many other fields. This review represents the current advancement along with future perspectives and suggestions for further research in this particular area.