bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrospun Environment‐Friendly Poly (L‐Lactic Acid)/CO2‐Based Polyurea Nanofiber Film for Piezoelectric Sensor
Authors: Gu Xiaoxia , Cui Meng , Wang Bin , Zhang Chenghao , Zhu Yanlong , Jin Xu , Wang Rui , Zhang Xiuqin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDeveloping piezoelectric polymers which have environmental‐friendly raw material resources and can be used for wearable electronic devices, are of great significance for reducing dependence on fossil energy and achieving the goal of carbon neutrality. Poly (L‐lactic acid) (PLLA) is a bio‐based piezoelectric polymer and has important research value. To optimize the properties of materials, electrospinning technology is used for preparing nanofiber films by combining PLLA with CO2‐based polyurea (PU) synthesized from CO2 and diamine, and assembling the piezoelectric sensors. The results show that when the amount of PU is 16 wt%, the voltage of the PU/PLLA piezoelectric sensor is 19 V, which is 15 times that of the PLLA piezoelectric sensor and has good stability and durability. The high dipole moment of NHCONH in PU and the synergistic effect between PU and PLLA are the keys to improving the piezoelectric property of nanofiber film. This is the first report on the preparation of composite piezoelectric materials using CO2‐based polymer and PLLA. PU/PLLA piezoelectric sensor can produce a good piezoelectric response to human vital signs and motion states. As a self‐powered sensor, it has potential application in the field of intelligent wearable devices.
Advanced Temporally‐Spatially Precise Technologies for On‐Demand Neurological Disorder Intervention
Authors: Chen Xiuli , Gong Yusheng , Chen Wei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTemporal‐spatial precision has attracted increasing attention for the clinical intervention of neurological disorders (NDs) to mitigate adverse effects of traditional treatments and achieve point‐of‐care medicine. Inspiring steps forward in this field have been witnessed in recent years, giving the credit to multi‐discipline efforts from neurobiology, bioengineering, chemical materials, artificial intelligence, and so on, exhibiting valuable clinical translation potential. In this review, the latest progress in advanced temporally‐spatially precise clinical intervention is highlighted, including localized parenchyma drug delivery, precise neuromodulation, as well as biological signal detection to trigger closed‐loop control. Their clinical potential in both central and peripheral nervous systems is illustrated meticulously related to typical diseases. The challenges relative to biosafety and scaled production as well as their future perspectives are also discussed in detail. Notably, these intelligent temporally‐spatially precision intervention systems could lead the frontier in the near future, demonstrating significant clinical value to support billions of patients plagued with NDs.
Long‐term cover crop effects on biomass, soil nitrate, soil water, and wheat
Authors: Miller Perry R. , Jones Clain A. , Zabinski Catherine A. , Tallman Susan M. , Housman Megan L. , D'Agati Kristen M. , Holmes Jeffrey A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCover crops during summer fallow have been rarely researched in the semiarid northern Great Plains. This study was conducted during 2012–2019 at four Montana locations and included four functional groups (Brassica family, fibrous‐rooted crops, legumes, and tap‐rooted crops). Eleven treatments included sole functional groups, a Full Mix, the Full Mix minus each functional group, pea, and chemical fallow. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was grown after each cover crop year with three nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates. Cover crops were terminated with herbicide at first flower stage of pea (Pisum sativum L.) 57 to 66 days after planting. Shoot biomass averaged 2.0 Mg ha−1 over eight site‐years representative of dryland farming in Montana. Using equal overall plant densities, treatments with six species averaged 13% greater biomass than two species. Measured at termination to a 0.9‐m depth, Fallow held greater soil water than cover crop treatments, with Fallow averaging 57 mm greater than the Full Mix. Soil nitrate averaged 49 kg N ha−1 greater after Fallow than the Full Mix; the Legume treatment averaged 26 kg N ha−1 greater than the Minus Legume treatment. Wheat yield on Fallow averaged 0.85 Mg ha−1 greater than the Full Mix in 5 of 10 site‐years, mainly at the driest site‐years. The Legume treatment elevated wheat protein over the Minus Legume treatment by an average of 15 g kg−1. Cover crops grown during summer fallow reduced soil nitrate‐N, soil water, and wheat yields compared with chemical fallow, especially in the major wheat growing region of north central Montana.
N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Catalyzed Condensation/ Oxidation/ Cyclization/ Aromatization Cascade for the Synthesis of Tri‐ and Tetra‐Substituted Imidazoles
Authors: Khataminejad Mohsen , Nowrouzi Najmeh , Saberi Dariush 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this study, a novel and efficient one‐pot tandem synthesis of 2,4,5‐tri‐ and 1,2,4,5‐tetra‐substituted imidazoles is described. In the first step of the sequence, benzil is formed via benzoin condensation catalyzed by N‐heterocyclic carbene, followed by in situ aerobic oxidation. Next, it is reacted with another aldehyde and ammonium acetate (or amine) to produce the polysubstituted imidazole. The reaction proceeds smoothly in high yield and short reaction time in ethanol as a green solvent. The current strategy shows high functional group tolerance with respect to aldehydes and avoids the need for ligands and reducing agents. This method allows the synthesis of complex molecules in a one‐pot procedure without isolating intermediates.
Mechanical properties and structure of injection molded poly(hydroxybutyrate‐co‐hydroxyvalerate)/poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PHBV/PBAT) blends
Authors: Zhao Haibin , Yu Shuang , Zhang Yaxin , Zhao Guoqun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBlending poly(hydroxybutyrate‐co‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and poly(butylene adipate‐co‐ terephthalate) (PBAT) presents an effective approach to fabricate fully biodegradable polymer blends with tailored mechanical properties. This study investigated the composition on the mechanical properties and structure of PHBV/PBAT blend. The remarkable enhancement in elongation of the PHBV/PBAT blends was shown due to the ductile PBAT. The fracture behavior of the PHBV/PBAT specimens transited from brittle to ductile with the increase of the PBAT in the blends. Two different phases as a co‐continuous microstructure with a large interpenetrating structure indicate immiscibility between PHBV and PBAT in the PHBV/PBAT (50:50) specimen. The miscibility, intermolecular interaction, and mechanical properties of PHBV/PBAT blends were also investigated by molecular dynamics simulation. The results showed the immiscibility of PHBV and PBAT. The degradation temperature increased from 277 to 356°C with the increase of PBAT content in the PHBV/PBAT blend. Whereas the crystallinity ability of the PHBV component in the blend was confined by the PBAT phase, leading to a decrease in the overall crystallinity of PHBV.
Updates to the carnivore fauna from the Sima de los Huesos
Authors: García Nuria , Jimenez Israel Jesus , Blázquez‐Orta Raquel , Arsuaga Juan Luis 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Sima de los Huesos site in the Sierra de Atapuerca (Burgos, northern Spain) is a Middle Pleistocene locality with the most important accumulation of humans in the European record for this age. In addition to the hominin collection, the Sima has provided numerous faunal remains. Here, we update the carnivoran mammal fauna from the Sima de los Huesos. The analyzed carnivoran fauna is taxonomically diverse consisting of 11 species from 9 genera and four families. The high taxonomic diversity of carnivorans at the site is interpreted as corresponding to high overall ecosystem productivity. A synthetic description of the carnivoran remains is presented adding new information on the biochronology of the carnivoran species assemblage and its paleoecological association with European Middle Pleistocene hominins. Because of their similarity in taphonomic setting and diets—that the carnivoran fauna and humans were found in the same place and had similar protein‐rich diets—clarifying the paleontological and paleoecological context of these carnivorans permits a better understanding of the humans also found at this site.
Soft excess in AGN with relativistic X‐ray reflection
Authors: Ezhikode Savithri H. , P. Shyam Prakash V. , Dewangan Gulab C. , Mathew Blesson 
Published: March 2023

The soft X‐ray excess, emission below 2 keV over the X‐ray power‐law, is a marked spectral component in the X‐ray spectra of many Seyfert 1 galaxies. We investigate if the observed soft X‐ray excess in a sample of Seyfert 1s is in accordance with the prediction of the relativistic reflection model by analyzing the XMM‐Newton and NuSTAR spectra. The fractional difference in the soft excess (SE) obtained from the blurred reflection emission predicted (from NuSTAR) and the observed (from XMM‐Newton) luminosities show that the reflection model underestimates the SE emission in our sample. The results point to alternative models (for example, warm Comptonization) to explain the soft X‐ray excess in AGN.
BIMcontracts – sichere digitale Transaktionen in der Baubranche
Authors: Sigalov Katharina , König Markus 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBIMcontracts befasst sich mit der Erarbeitung einer innovativen Lösung zur Automatisierung des Zahlungs‐ und Vertragsmanagements im Bauwesen. Dabei geht es darum, die vertragliche Abwicklung von Bauleistungen in der Zukunft schneller, transparenter und vertrauenswürdiger zu gestalten. Dieses Ziel kann durch die Kombination von Blockchain‐basierten Smart Contracts mit digitalen Bauwerksmodellen erreicht werden, wodurch sichere automatisierte Vertragsstrukturen und Abrechnungsprozesse etabliert werden können. Als Vertragsgrundlage dient das digitale Bauwerksmodell mit der verknüpften Leistungsbeschreibung. Um den Zahlungsverkehr zu automatisieren, wird auf dieser Basis ein Abrechnungsplan abgestimmt, in dem die Abrechnungseinheiten und die zugeordneten Zahlungen definiert sind. Der digitale Vertragsbestandteil umfasst insbesondere Abwicklungsmodalitäten, die als Wenn‐dann‐Beziehungen in einem Smart Contract ausgedrückt und automatisiert weiterverarbeitet werden.
Torsionstragverhalten von Betonhohlquerschnitten in geschlossenen und klaffenden Segmentfugen – Teil 3: Verifikation des Berechnungsmodells
Authors: Loh Lutz , Garg Andreas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBetonfertigteile für segmentierte Türme von Windenergieanlagen sind Serienprodukte, die im Sinne der Nachhaltigkeit möglichst ressourcenschonend zu bemessen sind. Dabei sind die Querkraft‐ und Torsionstragfähigkeit der Fugen in der Bemessung der Betonfertigteiltürme von großer Bedeutung. In den Teilen 1 und 2 dieser Veröffentlichungsreihe wurde ein neues Berechnungsmodell für die Fugentragfähigkeit vorgestellt, welches im vorliegenden 3. Teil anhand von Versuchsergebnissen und FE‐Berechnungen verifiziert wird. Zusätzlich wird ein Vergleich zu anderen Modellen gezogen und die Anwendungsbereiche der Modelle werden eingegrenzt.
Simultaneous confidence intervals for quantile differences of several heterogeneous normal populations: With application to vitamin D supplement treatment on colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Malekzadeh Ahad , Kharrati‐Kopaei Mahmood 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn many applications, comparing the q‐quantiles of several normal populations are more advantageous than comparing their means. In this paper, we consider the problem of constructing simultaneous confidence intervals (SCIs) for quantile differences of several heterogeneous normal distributions. To the best of our knowledge, this problem remains unsolved. We propose a novel method for constructing a set of SCI. We propose two new sets of SCI by using the proposed technique and discuss two classic and two simulation‐based SCIs. We show that the proposed classic SCIs are conservative for all population parameters configuration. We also show that the simulation‐based SCIs have correct coverage probability asymptotically. We then compare these six sets of SCI in terms of average volume and coverage probability via an extensive simulation study. Results show that one of the proposed classic SCI can be recommended. Finally, the proposed methods are illustrated by a real example that is a vitamin D study on colorectal cancer patients.
Investigation of efficient photoconduction and enhanced luminescence characteristics of Ce‐doped ZnO nanophosphors for UV sensors
Authors: Kumar Rajesh , Mishra Sheo K. , Kumar Arvind , Kumar Indresh , Kumar Manjeet , Yun Ju‐Hyung , Kumar Sunil , Singh Abhimanyu Kumar 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study involves the single‐step, mass‐scale productive synthesis, photoconduction, and luminescence characteristics of pure and cerium rare‐earth‐ion‐doped ZnO (CZO) nanophosphors with different Ce concentrations (Ce: 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 wt.%) synthesized using the solid‐state reaction method. The synthesized nanophosphors were characterized for their structural, morphological, optical, and photoconductivity (PC) properties using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), field‐effect scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy, Fourier‐transform infrared (FT‐IR), photoluminescence (PL), and PC measurements. The sharp diffraction peaks of XRD results exhibit the formation of crystalline hexagonal wurtzite ZnO nanostructures. The decrease in diffraction peak intensities of CZO with an increase in Ce concentrations signifies the deterioration of the ZnO crystal. FE‐SEM images exhibit the good crystalline quality of nanophosphors composed of spherical‐ and elongated‐shaped nanoparticles that are distributed consistently on the surface. The energy dispersive X‐ray pattern of the 4 wt.% Ce‐doped ZnO (CZO4) sample confirms the doping of Ce in ZnO. The presence of chemical bonds and functional groups corresponds to transmittance peaks established using FT‐IR spectroscopy. Deconvoluted PL spectra show two major emission peaks, one in the UV region, which is near‐band‐edge, and the other in the visible region ranging from ~456 to 561 nm. In PC studies, current–voltage (I–V) and current–time (I–T) characteristics, that is, rise/decayin current under dark as well as UV light conditions, are also investigated. Efficient photoconduction is observed in CZO samples. The obtained results indicate the suitability to luminescent and photosensor applications.
Preparation of novel authentication film by screen printing of anthocyanin biomolecular extract: Thermochromism and vapochromism
Authors: Aldawsari Afrah M. , Alkhathami Nada D. , Al‐bonayan Ameena M. , Alessa Hussain , Alkhamis Kholood M. , Abumelha Hana M. , El‐Metwaly Nashwa M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNovel thermochromic and vapochromic paper substrates were prepared via screen printing with anthocyanin extract in the presence of ferrous sulfate mordant, resulting in multi‐stimuli responsive colorimetric paper sheets. Environmentally friendly anthocyanin extract was obtained from red‐cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) to function as spectroscopic probe in coordination with ferrous sulfate mordant. Pink anthocyanin/resin nanocomposite films immobilized onto paper surface were developed by well‐dispersion of anthocyanin extract as a colorimetric probe in a binding agent without agglomeration. As demonstrated by CIE colorimetric studies, the pink (λmax = 418 nm) film deposited onto paper surface turns greenish‐yellow (λmax = 552 nm) upon heating from 25 to 75°C, demonstrating new thermochromic film for anti‐counterfeiting applications. The thermochromic effects were investigated at different concentrations of the anthocyanin extract. Upon exposure to ammonia gas, the color of the anthocyanin‐printed sheets changes rapidly from pink to greenish‐yellow, and then immediately returns to pink after taking the gaseous ammonia stimulus away, demonstrating vapochromic effect. The current sensor strip showed a detection limit for ammonia gas in the range 50–300 ppm. Both thermochromism and vapochromism showed high reversibility without fatigue. In addition to studying the rheological properties of the prepared composites, the morphological and mechanical properties of the printed cellulose substrates were also studied.
Comparison of host cell protein removal by depth filters with diatomaceous earth and synthetic silica filter aids using model proteins
Authors: Chu Liang‐Kai , Borujeni Ehsan Espah , Xu Xuankuo , Ghose Sanchayita , Zydney Andrew L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA number of studies have demonstrated that depth filtration can provide significant adsorptive removal of host cell proteins (HCP), but there is still considerable uncertainty regarding the underlying factors controlling HCP binding. This study compared the binding characteristics of two fine grade depth filters, the X0SP (polyacrylic fiber with a synthetic silica filter aid) and X0HC (cellulose fibers with diatomaceous earth (DE) as a filter aid), using a series of model proteins with well‐defined physical characteristics. Protein binding to the X0SP filter was dominated by electrostatic interactions with greatest capacity for positively‐charged proteins. In contrast, the X0HC filter showed greater binding of more hydrophobic proteins although electrostatic interactions also played a role. In addition, ovotransferrin showed unusually high binding capacity to the X0HC, likely due to interactions with metals in the DE. Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy was used to obtain additional understanding of the binding behavior. These results provide important insights into the physical phenomena governing HCP binding to both fully synthetic and natural (cellulose + DE) depth filters.
Neuroprotective effect of engineeredClostridiumbutyricum‐pMTL007‐GLP‐1 on Parkinson's disease mice models via promoting mitophagy
Authors: Wang Yun , Chen Wen‐jie , Han Yi‐yang , Xu Xuan , Yang Ai‐xia , Wei Jing , Hong Dao‐jun , Fang Xin , Chen Ting‐tao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease with limited treatment and no cure, hence, broadening PD drug spectrum is of great significance. At present, engineered microorganisms are attracting increasing attention. In this study, we constructed an engineered strain ofClostridium butyricum‐GLP‐1, aC. butyricum(a probiotic) that consistently expresses glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1, a peptide‐based hormone with neurological advantage) in anticipation of its use in PD treatment. We further investigated the neuroprotective mechanism ofC. butyricum‐GLP‐1 on PD mice models induced by 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine. The results indicated thatC. butyricum‐GLP‐1 could improve motor dysfunction and ameliorate neuropathological changes by increasing TH expression and reducing the expression of α‐syn. Moreover, we confirmed thatC. butyricum‐GLP‐1 improved microbiome imbalance of PD mice by decreasing the relative abundance ofBifidobacteriumat the genus level, improved gut integrity, and upregulated the levels of GPR41/43. Surprisingly, we found it could exert its neuroprotective effects via promoting PINK1/Parkin mediated mitophagy and attenuating oxidative stress. Together, our work showed thatC. butyricum‐GLP‐1 improves PD by promoting mitophagy, which provides an alternative therapeutic modality for PD.
Unique osteogenic profile of bone marrow stem cells stimulated in perfusion bioreactor is Rho‐ROCK‐mediated contractility dependent
Authors: Yamada Shuntaro , Yassin Mohammed A. , Torelli Francesco , Hansmann Jan , Green Jeremy B. A. , Schwarz Thomas , Mustafa Kamal 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe fate determination of bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BMSC) is tightly regulated by mechanical cues, including fluid shear stress. Knowledge of mechanobiology in 2D culture has allowed researchers in bone tissue engineering to develop 3D dynamic culture systems with the potential for clinical translation in which the fate and growth of BMSC are mechanically controlled. However, due to the complexity of 3D dynamic cell culture compared to the 2D counterpart, the mechanisms of cell regulation in the dynamic environment remain relatively undescribed. In the present study, we analyzed the cytoskeletal modulation and osteogenic profiles of BMSC under fluid stimuli in a 3D culture condition using a perfusion bioreactor. BMSC subjected to fluid shear stress (mean 1.56 mPa) showed increased actomyosin contractility, accompanied by the upregulation of mechanoreceptors, focal adhesions, and Rho GTPase‐mediated signaling molecules. Osteogenic gene expression profiling revealed that fluid shear stress promoted the expression of osteogenic markers differently from chemically induced osteogenesis. Osteogenic marker mRNA expression, type 1 collagen formation, ALP activity, and mineralization were promoted in the dynamic condition, even in the absence of chemical supplementation. The inhibition of cell contractility under flow by Rhosin chloride, Y27632, MLCK inhibitor peptide‐18, or Blebbistatin revealed that actomyosin contractility was required for maintaining the proliferative status and mechanically induced osteogenic differentiation in the dynamic culture. The study highlights the cytoskeletal response and unique osteogenic profile of BMSC in this type of dynamic cell culture, stepping toward the clinical translation of mechanically stimulated BMCS for bone regeneration.
[Pd(2‐pymo)2]n/Al2O3 as MOF Single Site Catalyst for the Selective Hydrogenation of Acetylene**
Authors: Hock Sebastian , Lucas Martin , Kolle‐Görgen Eva , Mellin Maximilian , Hofmann Jan P. , Rose Marcus 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDespite the great potential of metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) in catalysis, industrial applications are still scarce. This is mainly due to a lack of performance when changing from idealized lab conditions towards realistic conditions of the actual application. In this work, we demonstrate the applicability and outstanding catalytic performance of an alumina‐supported [Pd(2‐pymo)2]n MOF catalyst in the selective hydrogenation of acetylene to ethylene under industrial front‐end conditions. It shows a competitive performance to an industrial benchmark catalyst and even exceeds it in terms of ethane selectivity due to the combination of well‐defined isolated Pd active sites and synergies due to MOF‐support‐interactions. The high stability was proven for up to 60 h time‐on‐stream and supported by XPS and XRD structural analysis.