bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Galactosylated hydroxyl‐polyamidoamine dendrimer targets hepatocytes and improves therapeutic outcomes in a severe model of acetaminophen poisoning‐induced liver failure
Authors: Porterfield Joshua E. , Sharma Rishi , Jimenez Ambar Scarlet , Sah Nirnath , McCracken Sean , Zhang Lucia , An Hyoung‐Tae , Lee Seulki , Kannan Sujatha , Sharma Anjali , Kannan Rangaramanujam M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractToxicity to hepatocytes caused by various insults including drugs is a common cause of chronic liver failure requiring transplantation. Targeting therapeutics specifically to hepatocytes is often a challenge since they are relatively nonendocytosing unlike the highly phagocytic Kupffer cells in the liver. Approaches that enable targeted intracellular delivery of therapeutics to hepatocytes have significant promise in addressing liver disorders. We synthesized a galactose‐conjugated hydroxyl polyamidoamine dendrimer (D4‐Gal) that targets hepatocytes efficiently through the asialoglycoprotein receptors in healthy mice and in a mouse model of acetaminophen (APAP)‐induced liver failure. D4‐Gal localized specifically in hepatocytes and showed significantly better targeting when compared with the non‐Gal functionalized hydroxyl dendrimer. The therapeutic potential of D4‐Gal conjugated to N‐acetyl cysteine (NAC) was tested in a mouse model of APAP‐induced liver failure. A single intravenous dose of a conjugate of D4‐Gal and NAC (Gal‐D‐NAC) improved survival in APAP mice, decreased cellular oxidative injury and areas of necrosis in the liver, even when administered at the delayed time point of 8 h after APAP exposure. Overdose of APAP is the most common cause of acute hepatic injury and liver transplant need in the United States, and is treated with large doses of NAC administered rapidly within 8 h of overdose leading to systemic side effects and poor tolerance. NAC is not effective when treatment is delayed. Our results suggest that D4‐Gal is effective in targeting and delivering therapies to hepatocytes and Gal‐D‐NAC has the potential to salvage and treat liver injury with a broader therapeutic window.
Thrombocytopenia with Impella: Not a HIT
Authors: Seto Arnold H. , Kern Morton J. 
Published: February 2023

Key Points
The Impella percutaneous microaxial ventricular assist device provides significant ventricular unloading, but at the cost of increased major bleeding, hemolysis, and thrombocytopenia.
The present study shows that nearly all patients develop thrombocytopenia within 7 days of Impella insertion with 81% having a >50% decrease. Platelet recovery occurs following device removal.
Recognition of Impella‐related thrombocytopenia can reduce the concern for heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia and avoid the potential risks of direct thrombin inhibitors.
Transcatheter arterial embolization of the common hepatic artery for pseudoaneurysm after a laparoscopic‐assisted pancreaticoduodenectomy: A case report
Authors: Xu Lifeng , Yang Bo , Gu Guosheng , Li Yongxiang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCommon hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm is a rare and potentially life‐threatening complication after pancreaticoduodenectomy, and the possible cause is unclear. We report a case of intraperitoneal hemorrhage after pancreaticoduodenectomy who was discharged after embolization under digital subtraction angiography. We conside that this complication may be related to iatrogenic injury.
Eculizumab‐related drug reaction in a patient with neuromyelitis optica
Authors: Sharma Rishi , Romo Moises , Nelson Flavia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEculizumab is approved for treatment of antibody positive neuromyelitis optica, myasthenia gravis, and hematologic disorders like paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Drug rash has not yet been reported as a side effect of eculizumab. We report a case of a cutaneous drug reaction soon after introduction of eculizumab therapy in a patient with refractory neuromyelitis optica. Clinicians should be aware of a drug reaction as a possible adverse reaction to eculizumab.
Total thyroidectomy in a patient awaiting heart transplant with amiodarone‐induced thyrotoxicosis: A case report
Authors: Amador Filipa , Mendonça Fernando , da Costa Catarina , Canha Marta , Neves João Sérgio , Pinto Roberto , Amorim Sandra , Souto Selma , Freitas Paula , Carvalho Davide 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThyroid function may have a severe impact in cardiac function. Herein, we present the case report of a 53‐year‐old male patient awaiting heart transplant with amiodarone induced thyrotoxicosis that presented a marked improvement of his cardiac function after total thyroidectomy.
Post biopsy delayed liver hemorrhage successfully controlled by bedside CEUS‐guided microwave ablation: A case report
Authors: Zhang Lanxia , Wu Yuxuan , He Xuqi , Zhao Liwen , Li Kai 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe present a 60‐year‐old man suffering from delayed arterial hemorrhage post liver biopsy. Contrast‐enhanced ultrasound was used to detect the bleeding point and to evaluate the efficacy of microwave ablation (MWA). The hemorrhage was controlled by MWA at the bedside. This is the first application of MWA for delayed hemorrhage.
Open castration in dromedary camel through two scrotal incisions: A case report
Authors: Adugna Solomon Amente , Kitessa Jiregna Dugassa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMost of the time, castration is an elective procedure performed to make the camel docile and manage its behavior. There are also instances, where it is performed as a treatment of testicular abnormalities such as orchitis, irreparable traumatic injuries, and tumors. In the current study, a 7‐year‐old bull dromedary camel was brought to Addis Ababa University College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Feseha Gebre Ab VTH, with a history of recurrent swelling of the left testicle for a month. Based on history and clinical examination, the case was diagnosed as unilateral orchitis and admitted for open castration of both testes. Two percent lidocaine hydrochloride was injected into each testicle to provide a spermatic nerve block, and then, two parallel incisions were made through the scrotal skin on either side of the median raphe. The testicles were pulled out through these incisions, ligated, and transected. The scrotal incisions were left open to heal by themselves. Postoperatively, antibiotic and anti‐inflammatory drugs were administered for 3 successive days. Finally, the camel was regularly followed for 1 week and recovers uneventfully.
Visible Light‐Triggered Radical Annulation of ortho‐Thioaryl Ynones: A General Approach to Prepare 3‐Sulfenylthiochromones
Authors: Bartz Ricardo H. , Silva Krigor B. , Santos Rafaela R. S. A. , Peglow Thiago J. , Lenardão Eder J. , Iglesias Bernardo A. , Penteado Filipe , Perin Gelson , Jacob Raquel G. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA visible light‐mediated protocol was developed for the construction of 3‐sulfenylthiochromenones by a radical annulation of ortho‐thioaryl ynones. The reaction is triggered by a sulfur‐centered radical, which is formed through the light excitation of an intramolecular electron donor‐acceptor complex (EDA‐complex). A total of twenty‐one compounds were prepared, in poor to excellent yields (28–98 %), sixteen of which are unprecedented. The reactions were conducted under open‐air conditions, not requiring metal catalysts, oxidant species, or heating, making this a mild and environmentally friendly approach to access valuable compounds.
A review on catalyst development for conventional thermal dry reforming of methane at low temperature
Authors: Zhou Rufan , Mahinpey Nader 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCarbon dioxide (CO2) utilization and conversion, as one of the main parts of carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS), is not only considered an important way to mitigate global warming but also an attractive industrial route to produce valuable fuels and chemical feedstocks. Catalytic dry reforming of methane (DRM) is a promising technology for carbon dioxide utilization and conversion as it can produce syngas, carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen (H2) for widespread industrial production processes. In most studies of the DRM reaction, a relatively high operational temperature (i.e., >700°C) has been applied since the reactivity limitation of widely used Ni‐based catalysts at low temperatures and the extremely endothermic property of the DRM reaction. However, high cost and high requirement of thermal stability for catalysts have become a severe problem impeding the further commercialization of DRM technology. Decreasing the operational temperature (i.e., <700°C) is considered a promising way for further application of the DRM route to convert CO2 and produce syngas. However, traditional Ni‐based catalysts suffered from unsatisfied reactivity and severe coke formation, leading to quick deactivation at low temperatures. Developing a catalyst with excellent catalytic activity, coke resistance, and improved thermal stability is necessary for low‐temperature DRM reactions. In recent years, with significant development in materials, catalyst design, and computational simulation, some synthesized catalysts have achieved considerable improvement in catalytic performance in low‐temperature DRM. Hence, a review of recent development on low‐temperature DRM catalysts is provided here to further guide and profoundly understand catalyst design for low‐temperature DRM.
The Metacognitions about Binge Eating Questionnaire: Investigation of the association between specific metacognitions and Binge Eating Disorder
Authors: Palmieri S. , Mansueto G. , Marchant A. P. , Sassaroli S. , Caselli G. , Ruggiero G. M. , Spada M. M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLiterature suggested that metacognitions are involved in eating problems and may be relevant to the understanding of Binge Eating Disorder (BED). The goal of the current studies was to develop the first self‐report instrument on metacognitions about binge eating. In Study 1, a community sample completed the Metacognitions about Binge Eating Questionnaire (MBEQ); an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was performed. In study 2, a community sample completed the MBEQ and measures assessing severity of binge eating, irrational food beliefs, anxiety, depression, impulsiveness. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was performed. Concurrent and incremental validity were assessed. In study 3, a clinical sample of participants with a diagnosis of BED completed the MBEQ and other measures. Bivariate correlational analysis and hierarchical linear regression were performed. Participants from the general population and participants with a diagnosis of BED were compared. EFA and CFA supported a two‐factor solution consisting of positive and negative metacognitions about binge eating. Concurrent and incremental validity were acceptable. The metacognitions factors correlated positively with anxiety, depression, irrational food beliefs, impulsiveness in the community sample, and anxiety, irrational food beliefs, impulsiveness in clinical sample. The metacognitions factors contributed to the prediction of BEDs symptoms, in community and clinical samples, over and above age, gender, impulsiveness, anxiety, depression, irrational food beliefs. The MBEQ possesses good psychometric properties and appears a reliable and valid measure of positive and negative metacognitions about binge eating. Metacognitions about binge eating could be a therapeutic target to reduce the severity of binge eating episodes.
In vitro metabolite identification of acetylbenzylfentanyl, benzoylbenzylfentanyl, 3‐fluoro‐methoxyacetylfentanyl, and 3‐phenylpropanoylfentanyl using LC‐QTOF‐HRMS together with synthesized references
Authors: Rautio Tobias , Vangerven Daan , Dahlén Johan , Watanabe Shimpei , Kronstrand Robert , Vikingsson Svante , Konradsson Peter , Wu Xiongyu , Gréen Henrik 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAcetylbenzylfentanyl, benzoylbenzylfentanyl, 3‐fluoro‐methoxyacetylfentanyl, and 3‐phenylpropanoylfentanyl are fentanyl analogs that have been reported to the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction in recent years. The aim of this study was to identify metabolic pathways and potential biomarker metabolites of these fentanyl analogs. The compounds were incubated (5 μM) with cryopreserved hepatocytes for up to 5 h in vitro. Metabolites were analyzed with liquid chromatography–quadrupole time of flight–high‐resolution mass spectrometry (LC‐QTOF‐HRMS). The experiments showed that acetylbenzylfentanyl, benzoylbenzylfentanyl, and 3‐phenylpropanoylfentanyl were mainly metabolized through N‐dealkylation (forming nor‐metabolites) and 3‐fluoro‐methoxyacetylfentanyl mainly through demethylation. Other observed metabolites were formed by mono‐/dihydroxylation, dihydrodiol formation, demethylation, dehydrogenation, amide hydrolysis, and/or glucuronidation. The experiments showed that a large number of metabolites of 3‐phenylpropanoylfentanyl were formed. The exact position of hydroxy groups in formed monohydroxy metabolites could not be established solely based upon recorded MSMS spectra of hepatocyte samples. Therefore, potential monohydroxy metabolites of 3‐phenylpropanoylfentanyl, with the hydroxy group in different positions, were synthesized and analyzed together with the hepatocyte samples. This approach could reveal that the β position of the phenylpropanoyl moiety was highly favored; β‐OH‐phenylpropanoylfentanyl was the most abundant metabolite after the nor‐metabolite. Both metabolites have the potential to serve as biomarkers for 3‐phenylpropanoylfentanyl. The nor‐metabolites of acetylbenzylfentanyl, benzoylbenzylfentanyl, and 3‐fluoro‐methoxyacetylfentanyl do also seem to be suitable biomarker metabolites, as do the demethylated metabolite of 3‐fluoro‐methoxyacetylfentanyl. Identified metabolic pathways and formed metabolites were in agreement with findings in previous studies of similar fentanyl analogs.
Improved assessment of baseline and additionality for forest carbon crediting
Authors: Randazzo Nina A. , Gordon Doria R. , Hamburg Steven P. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn the California compliance cap‐and‐trade carbon market, improved forest management (IFM) projects generate carbon credits in the initial reporting period if their initial carbon stocks are greater than a baseline. This baseline is informed by a “common practice” stocking value, which represents the average carbon stocks of surveyed privately owned forests that are classified into the same general forest type by the California Air Resources Board. Recent work has called attention to the need for more ecologically informed common practice carbon stocking values for IFM projects, particularly those in areas with sharp ecological gradients. Current methods for estimating common practice produce biases in baseline carbon values that lead to a clustering of IFM projects in geographical areas and ecosystem types that in fact support much greater forest carbon stocks than reflected in the common practice. This phenomenon compromises additionality, or the increases in carbon sequestration or decreases in carbon emissions that would not have occurred in the absence of carbon crediting. This study seeks to expand upon recent work on this topic and establish unbiased common practice estimates along sharp ecological gradients using methods that do not rely upon discrete forest classification. We generated common practice values for credited IFM projects in the Southern Cascades using a principal components analysis on species composition over an extensive forest inventory to determine the ecological similarity between inventoried forests and IFM project sites. Our findings strengthen the results of recent research suggesting common practice bias and adverse selection. At several sites, even after controlling for private ownership, 100% of the initial carbon stocks could be explained by ecological variables. This result means that improved management did not preserve or increase carbon stocks above what was typical, suggesting that no carbon offsets should have been issued for these sites. This result reveals greater bias than that been found at project sites in this region by research that has used discrete forest categorization.
Agroecological measures in meadows promote honey bee colony development and winter survival
Authors: Hernandez Julie , Varennes Yann‐David , Aebi Alexandre , Dietemann Vincent , Kretzschmar André 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe homogenization of agricultural landscapes has led to a decrease in pollinator diversity and abundance. In response to this decline, farmers have implemented agroecological measures, which, in meadows, aim at providing more floral resources. These measures are the availability of unmown floral strips, delayed mowing, and discouraging the use of the conditioner, a device known to harm insects. The aim of our study was to investigate the cascade of effects of these agroecological measures on honey bee colony development and winter survival. We (1) determined the effect of these measures on colony size during the nectar and pollen collecting season in spring and summer, (2) evaluated the effect of spring and summer colony sizes on autumn size, and (3) described the effect of colony size in autumn on winter mortality. In this study, 300 honey bee colonies were monitored over three years in three cantons of Switzerland. Colony size was defined by the numbers of brood cells and of adult workers. Honey bee colony size in summer and autumn was improved by agroecological measures on meadows and likely contributed to the increased overwintering success. This study is a first step toward the targeted identification of viable agroecological measures on temporary meadows that can be implemented to promote honey bee colonies health in the agricultural landscape.
The fluvial grain‐size gap: Experimental confirmation of hydraulic origin
Authors: Church Michael , Hassan Marwan A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe origin of the well‐known ‘grain size gap’ within the size range 1–10 mm in fluvial gravels is explored in a laboratory experiment to ascertain the effect of hydraulic sorting. A widely graded sand/gravel mixture was fed into a flume containing a bed composed of the same sediment mixture. The rate of sediment feed was varied but the water flow remained constant throughout the experiment at a rate that sustained size‐selective bedload transport with negligible suspension. We observed persistent deposition of the coarsest sediments (+16 mm) due to lack of competence to mobilize these sizes, partial entrapment of the finest sizes (−1 mm) in interstices of the gravel bed, and preferred transport of the intermediate sizes, including uptake of grains from the bed, establishing the conditions for development of the grain size gap.
Modeling and forecasting percent changes in national park visitation using social media
Authors: Goebel Russell , Schmaltz Austin , Brackett Beth Ann , Wood Spencer A. , Noguchi Kimihiro 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNational parks have tremendous cultural, ecological, and economic value to societies. In order to manage and maintain these public spaces, decision‐makers rely on detailed information about park use and park condition. Many parks, however, lack precise visitor counts because of challenges associated with monitoring large and inaccessible areas with porous boundaries. To facilitate better management, we propose a method to estimate percentage changes in park visitation without using any on‐site visitor counts. Specifically, using 20 national parks in the United States, we develop a time series model for forecasting future monthly changes in visitation based on the volume of social media images shared by visitors to parks. Forecasts are generated from historic park‐level and national‐level photo‐user‐days (PUD) of images posted to Flickr, using singular spectrum analysis (SSA). We further propose an approach for augmenting existing on‐site visitation data collected by the US National Park Service. Our model evaluations indicate that the proposed model that only uses social media data achieves competitive performance to the models which partially or fully utilizes on‐site visitor counts.
Stability in headwater chemical signatures across a dynamic flow regime in a highly urbanized Piedmont catchment
Authors: Wheeler Christopher T. , Ledford Sarah H. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractUrbanization has substantially altered low‐order streams, which show systematic degradation in water quality. Studying the spatiotemporal character of catchment scale solute dynamics is a crucial part of understanding the hydrology of urban catchments. The objectives of our study were to characterize spatial and temporal variability of solutes in headwater streams of the Upper South River, Atlanta, GA, and to examine relationships between solute concentrations and stream discharge during storm events across the watershed. Synoptic sampling was performed at 18 nested sites in the watershed during summer and fall 2020. Storm samples were also collected at three of these sites, all collocated with USGS stream gages. Samples were analysed for major ions including Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl−, SO42−, and NO3−. Synoptic sampling showed an unexpectedly high level of spatial stability over time at all first‐order sites, meaning that the relative ranks of concentrations among headwater sites remain consistent over time. This is even more unexpected considering the extremely flashy and dynamic nature of the highly urbanized watershed. Contrary to stormflow studies in other settings, examination of concentration‐discharge relationships showed a homogeneous response among storms, sites, and solutes, with most hysteresis loops exhibiting a dilutive response with clockwise rotation. This indicates source‐limited behaviour for solutes in this system, where groundwater represents the highest‐concentration component of stormflow. Taken together, baseflow and stormflow solute data show that this system retains consistent headwater signals across a highly dynamic flow regime. Furthermore, such stability drives a consistent solute signature at the watershed outlet. This type of information may prove useful for understanding sources and flow paths that drive urban stream geochemistry, particularly where budget constraints limit the number of locations where instrumentation may be installed.