bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of molecular symmetry in valence bond calculation
Authors: Ji Chenru , Ying Fuming , Su Peifeng , Zhou Chen , Wu Wei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA novel strategy for the construction of many‐electron symmetry‐adapted wave function is proposed for ab initio valence bond (VB) calculations and is implemented for valence bond self‐consistent filed (VBSCF) and breathing orbital valence bond (BOVB) methods with various orbital optimization algorithms. Symmetry‐adapted VB functions are constructed by the projection operator of symmetry group. The many‐electron symmetry‐adapted wave function is expressed in terms of symmetry‐adapted VB functions, and thus the VB calculations can be performed with the molecular symmetry restriction. Test results show that molecular symmetry reduces the computational cost of both the iteration numbers and CPU time. Furthermore, excited states with specific symmetry can be conveniently obtained in VB calculations by using symmetry‐adapted VB functions.
RBM4 inhibits the growth of clear cell renal cell carcinoma by enhancing the stability of p53 mRNA
Authors: Jian Wengang , Xue Wei , Wang Tengda , Yu Yongchun , Cai Licheng , Meng Yuyang , Xia Zhinan , Zhang Cheng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRBM4 has been reported as a tumor suppressor gene in cancers, including lung cancer, colon cancer and gastric cancer. However, the role of RBM4 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains unclear. Therefore, the present study investigated the expression and biological function of RBM4 in ccRCC. Analysis of the differential expression of RBM4 and its relationship with clinicopathological features using ccRCC samples data from TCGA database deminstrated that RBM4 expression in tumor samples of ccRCC was lower than that in normal samples, and RBM4 expression was closely related to the survival time of patients. RBM4 overexpression (RBM4‐oe) cell lines were constructed to investigate the effect of RBM4 on biological function using CCK‐8, EdU, flow cytometry and wound‐healing assays. In addition, the regulatory effect of RBM4 on signaling pathways was investigated by GSEA and WB assays. RBM4‐oe significantly reduced the proliferation of ccRCC cells by controlling the p53 signaling pathway, inhibited cell cycle progression and promoted apoptosis. In addition, RBM4‐oe suppressed the migration and invasion of cells by EMT. Mechanistically, RBM4‐oe facilitated the activity of the p53 signaling pathway by enhancing the stability of p53 mRNA. Finally, RBM4‐oe markedly inhibited the growth of tumors formed with 786‐O cells in vivo. In summary, there findings suggeated that RBM4 inhibits the progression of ccRCC by promoting p53 signaling pathway activity by enhancing the stability of p53 mRNA, suggesting that RBM4 may be a potential target for the treatment of patients.
Ultra‐processed foods: Processing versus formulation
Authors: Levine Allen S. , Ubbink Job 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe four‐tiered NOVA food classification defines foods based on their degree of processing and ranges from native unprocessed foods to so‐called “ultra‐processed” foods. Recent publications have suggested that foods classified as ultra‐processed are unhealthy and contribute to the obesity epidemic. It is important to distinguish between formulation and processing of a food. In most cases it is the formulation more than the processing that results in foods that are not recommended as part of a healthy diet. Such “ultra‐formulated” foods are unhealthy because they are high in added sugar and other caloric sweeteners, refined flours saturated fats and salt to increase palatability. The understanding that processing and formulation are distinct will assist health professionals in identifying the types of foods that are unhealthy and contribute to overconsumption and obesity. It furthermore will help to destigmatize food technology and promote discussions amongst health professionals, food scientists, corporate scientists, government officials and the general public. Novel food processing techniques are urgently needed in times of population growth, climate change and war‐induced food shortages.
Semi‐supervised multi‐label learning with missing labels by exploiting feature‐label correlations
Authors: Li Runxin , Zhao Xuefeng , Shang Zhenhong , Jia Lianyin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe majority of multi‐learning techniques now in use presuppose that there will be enough labeled instances. But in real‐world applications, it is frequently the case that only partial labels are included for each training instance. This is either because getting a fully labeled training set takes a lot of time and effort or because doing so is expensive. Multi‐label learning with missing labels, on the other hand, has greater practical value. In this paper, we propose a brand‐new semi‐supervised multi‐label learning method (SMLMFC) that specifically addresses missing‐label scenarios. After successfully filling in the missing labels for instances using two‐stage label correlations, SMLMFC trains a semi‐supervised multi‐label classifier by imposing feature‐label correlation restrictions directly on the output of labels. The complex relationships between features and labels can be learned and implicitly captured through feature‐label correlations, in particular. The experimental results on a number of real‐world multi‐label datasets confirm that SMLMFC has strong competitiveness in comparison to other state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Cascade Delivery to Golgi Apparatus and On‐Site Formation of Subcellular Drug Reservoir for Cancer Metastasis Suppression
Authors: Chen Liqiang , Jiang Peihang , Shen Xinran , Lyu Jiayan , Liu Chendong , Li Lian , Huang Yuan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAs the foremost cause of cancer‐related death, metastasis consists of three steps: invasion, circulation, and colonization. Only targeting one single phase of the metastasis cascade may be insufficient since there are many alternative routes for tumor cells to disseminate. Here, to target the whole cascade of metastasis, hybrid erythrocyte and tumor cell membrane‐coated nanoparticle (Hyb‐NP) is designed with dual functions of increasing circulation time and recognizing primary, circulating, and colonized tumors. After loading with monensin, a recently reported metastasis inhibitor, the delivery system profoundly reduces spontaneous metastasis in an orthotopic breast cancer model. Underlying mechanism studies reveal that Hyb‐NP can deliver monensin to its action site in the Golgi apparatus, and in return, monensin can block the exocytosis of Hyb‐NP from the Golgi apparatus, forming a reservoir‐like subcellular structure. Notably, the Golgi apparatus reservoir displays three vital functions for suppressing metastasis initialization, including enhanced subcellular drug retention, metastasis‐related cytokine release inhibition, and directional migration inhibition. Collectively, based on metastasis cascade targeting at the tissue level, further formation of the Golgi apparatus drug reservoir at the subcellular level provides a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer metastasis suppression.
Nanoarray Architecture of Ultra‐Lithiophilic Metal Nitrides for Stable Lithium Metal Anodes
Authors: Xu Rui , Zhou Yuanyuan , Tang Xiaoxia , Wang Fangzheng , Dong Qing , Wang Tao , Tong Cheng , Li Cunpu , Wei Zidong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLithium metal anode (LMA) is puzzled by the serious issues corresponding to infinite volume change and notorious lithium dendrite during long‐term stripping/plating process. Herein, the transition metal nitrides array with outstanding lithiophilicity, including CoN, VN, and Ni3N, are decorated onto carbon framework as “nests” to uniform Li nucleation and guide Li metal deposition. These transition metal nitrides with excellent conductivity can guarantee the fast electron transport, therefore maintain a stable interface for Li reduction. In addition, the designed multi‐dimensional structure of metal nitride array decorated carbon framework can effectively regulate the growth of Li metal during the stripping/plating process. Of note, attributing to the lattice‐matching between CoN and Li metal, the composite Li/CoN@CF anode exhibits ultra‐stable cycling performance in symmetrical cells (over 4000 h@1 mA cm−2 with 1 mAh cm−2 and 1000h@20 mA cm−2 with 20 mAh cm−2). The assembled full cells based on Li/CoN@CF composite anode, LiFePO4 or S as cathodes, deliver excellent cycling stability and rate capability. This strategy provides an effective approach to develop a stable lithium metal anode for lithium metal batteries.
Study of the performance of a coolant mixed with an Al2O3/SiC nanomaterial in an engine radiator
Authors: Venkatesan Sorakka Ponnappan , Kalyan B. Keshava , Gopinath G. , Purusothaman M. , Hemanandh J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOne of the important components of a car to control the temperature of a car's engine is the radiator. To increase the heat absorption capacity of the coolant/fluid used in the radiator with minimum pumping power, innovative fluids called nanofluids have become the main area of research these days. Therefore, with the development of new technologies in the field of “nano‐materials” and “nano‐fluids,” the physical and chemical properties of coolant/fluid can be improved which in turn improves the radiator and engine efficiency, and reduces radiator weight and size. In this article, the heat transfer by forced convection in nanofluids based on Al2O3 and SiC was studied experimentally and compared to that of base fluid in an automotive radiator. The nanofluid is mixed with ethylene glycol and the fluid is prepared by the sonication method. The nanofluids were prepared by varying the nanomaterials and the amounts of nanomaterials in the base fluid and their heat transfer performance in the radiator was analyzed using ANSYS FLUENT software. Approximately 15% and 12% increase in radiator efficiency by using Al2O3 mixed nanofluid and SiC mixed nanofluid, respectively.
Teaching Social Sustainability and About Sweden’s Sami Peoples in Senior Secondary School
Authors: Windsor Sally , Kers Karin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis chapter outlines an action research project conducted in a Social Studies classroom in a Senior Secondary School in South Sápmi, Sweden. The teacher researcher had noted that despite some of the students identifying as Sami, there was a lack of awareness about Sami history and culture, and that when Sami peoples were referred to it was often in discriminatory and derogatory terms. The unit of lessons aimed to increase the students’ knowledge of Sami life both historically and presently, and awareness of how prejudice and stereotyping are used to ‘other’ certain groups to justify exploitation and oppression. Using the ‘Educating yourself in Empowerment for Sustainability’ tool and designing leaner centred and collaborative activities this research found that when students’ knowledge of Sami life increases, their prejudicial ideas about Sami peoples decrease.
Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse in Ethnic Minority Communities
Authors: Hurcombe Rachel , Redmond Theresa , Rodger Holly , King Sophia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractChild sexual abuse (CSA) happens in all communities—however, victims and survivors from ethnic minority communities face particular barriers to disclosure and support after experiencing CSA. Prior research in this area has indicated the systemic failures of institutions to protect ethnic minority children from CSA (Webb et al. in Child Abuse Review 11:394–410, 2002) and has identified intra-cultural barriers, such as gendered norms and shame to disclosure (Gill and Harrison in British Journal of Criminology, 17:267–284, 2019). This study examines how ethnicity, community and culture have contributed to shaping victims/survivors’ experiences. Completed by researchers from the Independent Inquiry into Child Sexual Abuse (IICSA) in conjunction with members of the Race Equality Foundation, the study adopted a thematic analysis approach, drawing on the voices of 82 participants from ethnic minority communities in 11 focus groups across England and Wales. It found that cultural stereotypes and racisms negatively affected the support services’ ability to identify CSA and to enact appropriate responses.
Epistemic Just and Dynamic AI Ethics in Africa
Authors: Ruttkamp-Bloem Emma 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis chapter considers the potential for actualising the ideal for responsible AI on the African continent, focusing on the AI ethics policy environment in Africa. I consider the impact of context and culture on successful adoption of AI technologies in general and on trust in AI technology and openness to AI regulation in particular. It concludes that actionable AI ethics in Africa should be driven by dynamic and epistemic just ethical systems.
Database
Authors: Hasanov Fakhri J. , Joutz Frederick L. , Mikayilov Jeyhun I. , Javid Muhammad 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOne of the heaviest resource-consuming tasks of KGEMM, as with all MEMs, is the collection, update, revision, and maintenance of data. In econometric modeling, data are the key elements in determining the statistical properties of relationships. In this regard, data availability plays an important role in establishing linkages between the variables in time series-based MEMs. As discussed in the literature review, MEMs are heavily data-intensive, and obtaining comprehensive results is conditional upon the accuracy and time span of the data. MEMs are also data-dependent, with data updates and revisions resulting in re-estimation of the behavioral equations.
Naturalistic Conceptions of Human and Animal Rights: From Human Exceptionalism to Transspecies Universalism
Authors: Stucki Saskia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis chapter investigates whether the extension of human rights to animals can be placed on a sound conceptual footing. Can (nonhuman) animals have human rights? The starting point of this inquiry is the ‘traditional’ or ‘orthodox’ understanding of human rights, which is the naturalistic conception. This much can be said already: considering the contested nature and philosophical foundations of human rights, there cannot be a simple, let alone single, answer to the animal question.
A pure de novo 16p13.3 duplication and amplification in a patient with femoral hypoplasia, psychomotor retardation, heart defect, and facial dysmorphism—a case report and literature review of the partial 16p13.3 trisomy syndrome
Authors: Socha Magdalena , Szoszkiewicz Anna , Simon Dorota , Jamsheer Aleksander 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPartial 16p trisomy syndrome is a rare disorder typically characterized by psychomotor retardation, prenatal and postnatal growth deficiency, cleft palate, and facial dysmorphism, with some patients also presenting with heart defects and urogenital anomalies. Pure 16p13.3 duplications usually occur de novo, while those duplications that associate with partial monosomy result rather from parental chromosomal translocations. Due to the large size of the aberrations, the majority of patients are identified by standard chromosome analysis. In all published cases, the minimal-causative duplicated region encompasses the CREBBP gene. Here, we report on the patient presenting with psychomotor retardation, femoral hypoplasia, and some features of the partial 16p trisomy syndrome, who carries a complex de novo terminal 16p13.3 microduplication with an overlapping region of amplification without translocation or associated monosomy. In contrast to the previously reported cases, the duplicated region of the patient does not involve CREBBP and other neighboring genes; still, the observed pattern of dysmorphic features of the index is characteristic of the described syndrome. Based on the animal studies and other published cases, we discuss the possible role of the PDK1 and IGFALS genes in the development of limb anomalies, while IFT140 could contribute both to the observed femoral phenotype and heart abnormalities in the patient. To the best of our knowledge, we present a proband harboring the smallest terminal 16p13.3 duplication of the size below 3 Mb. Therefore, our proband with her detailed phenotypic description may be helpful for clinicians who consult patients with this syndrome.
Expansion of human amniotic epithelial cells using condition cell reprogramming technology
Authors: Naeem Aisha , Choudhry Muhammad Umer , Kroemer Alex , Wahnschafft Simone , Cui Wanxing , Albanese Chris 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHuman amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) are non-immunogenic epithelial cells that can develop into cells of all three germline lineages. However, a refined clinically reliable method is required to optimize the preparation and banking procedures of hAECs for their successful translation into clinical studies. With the goal of establishing standardized clinically applicable hAECs cultured cells, we described the use of a powerful epithelial cell culture technique, termed Conditionally Reprogrammed Cells (CRC) for ex vivo expansion of hAECs. The well-established CRC culture method uses a Rho kinase inhibitor (Y-27632) and J2 mouse fibroblast feeder cells to drive the indefinite proliferation of all known epithelial cell types. In this study, we used an optimized CRC protocol to successfully culture hAECs in a CRC medium supplemented with xenogen-free human serum. We established that hAECs thrive under the CRC conditions for over 5 passages while still expressing pluripotent stem markers (OCT-4, SOX-2 and NANOG) and non-immunogenic markers (CD80, CD86 and HLA-G) suggesting that even late-passage hAECs retain their privileged phenotype. The hAECs-CRC cells were infected with a puromycin-selectable lentivirus expressing luciferase and GFP (green fluorescent protein) and stably selected with puromycin. The hAECs expressing GFP were injected subcutaneously into the flanks of Athymic and C57BL6 mice to check the tolerability and stability of cells against the immune system. Chemiluminescence imaging confirmed the presence and viability of cells at days 2, 5, and 42 without acute inflammation or any tumor formation. Collectively, these data indicate that the CRC approach offers a novel solution to expanding hAECs in humanized conditions for future clinical uses, while retaining their primary phenotype.
Graphical abstract
Visual masking deficits in schizophrenia: a view into the genetics of the disease through an endophenotype
Authors: Shaqiri Albulena , Hodel Flavia , da Cruz Janir Ramos , Roinishvili Maya , Chkonia Eka , Brand Andreas , Fellay Jacques , Herzog Michael H. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSchizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder determined by a complex mixture of genetic and environmental factors. To better understand the contributions of human genetic variations to schizophrenia, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of a highly sensitive endophenotype. In this visual masking endophenotype, two vertical bars, slightly shifted in the horizontal direction, are briefly presented (vernier offset). Participants are asked to indicate the offset direction of the bars (either left or right). The bars are followed by a grating mask, which makes the task both spatially and temporally challenging. The inter-stimulus interval (ISI) between the vernier and the mask was determined in 206 patients with schizophrenia, 109 first-order relatives, and 143 controls. Usually, in GWAS studies, patients are compared to controls (i.e., a binary task) without considering the large differences in performance between patients and controls, as it occurs in many paradigms. The masking task allows for a particularly powerful analysis because the differences in ISI within the patient population are large. We genotyped all participants and searched for associations between human polymorphisms and the masking endophenotype using a linear mixed model. We did not identify any genome-wide significant associations (p < 5 × 10−8), indicating that common variants with strong effects are unlikely to contribute to the large inter-group differences in visual masking. However, we found significant differences in polygenetic risk scores (PRS) between patients and controls, and relatives and controls.
Electrochemical nanosensor for ultrasensitive detection of malachite green and monitoring of its photocatalytic degradation
Authors: Imtiaz Tooba , Shah Afzal , Ullah Naimat , Iftikhar Faiza Jan , Shah Iltaf , Shah Syed Mujtaba , Shah Syed Sakhawat 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHerein, we report the synthesis, characterization, and application of TiO2/ZnO and La-doped ZnO nanocomposites for the detection and degradation studies of Malachite Green (MG). TiO2/ZnO and La-doped ZnO nanocomposites were synthesized by reflux and hydrothermal methods, respectively, and characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. A glassy carbon electrode modified with COOH-fMWCNTs and TiO2/ZnO nanocomposite demonstrated high sensitivity characteristics for the sensing of MG up to 0.34 nM limit of detection. The application of a photocatalytic method using 2% La-doped ZnO led to 99% degradation of MG in 40 min. The photocatalytic breakdown of MG followed first-order kinetics as revealed from the spectroscopic and electrochemical monitoring of the degradation process. Color variation offered naked-eye evidence of MG degradation in the specified time. The experimental findings helped in proposing the degradation mechanism. To the best of our knowledge, the current work presents the first example of a novel photocatalyst for almost absolute degradation of MG. Moreover, the electrode modifier as well as the approach adopted is novel and efficient for minute-level detection of MG and monitoring of its photocatalytic degradation.
Voting and (im)moral behavior
Authors: Hansson Kajsa , Persson Emil , Tinghög Gustav 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDue to diffusion of responsibility, majority voting may induce immoral and selfish behavior because voters are rarely solely responsible for the outcome. Across three behavioral experiments (two preregistered; n = 1983), we test this hypothesis in situations where there is a conflict between morality and material self-interest. Participants were randomly assigned to make decisions about extracting money from a charity either in an experimental referendum or individually. We find no evidence that voting induces immoral behavior. Neither do we find that people self-servingly distort their beliefs about their responsibility for the outcome when they vote. If anything, the results suggest that voting makes people less immoral.