bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing the biomass and docosahexaenoic acid‐rich lipid accumulation of Schizochytrium sp. in propionate wastewater
Authors: Ma Wang , Li Xin , Zhang Feng , Zhang Zi‐Yi , Yang Wen‐Qian , Huang Peng‐Wei , Gu Yang , Sun Xiao‐Man 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn order to find a more effective way to obtain docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) rich lipid from Schizochytrium sp., a widespread propionate wastewater (PW) is used. PW is a common industrial and domestic wastewater, and transforming it into valuable products is a potential treatment method. Schizochytrium sp. is a rapidly growing oleaginous organism, which has been used commercially for DHA production. Herein, PW is completely used for DHA production by Schizochytrium sp. by genetic engineering and fermentation optimization, which can alleviate the increasingly tense demand for water resources and environmental pollution caused by industrial wastewater. Firstly, the methylmalonyl‐CoA mutase (MCM) was overexpressed in Schizochytrium sp. to enhance the metabolism of propionate, then the engineered strain of overexpressed MCM (OMCM) can effectively use propionate. Then, the effects of PW with different concentration of propionate were investigated, and results showed that OMCM can completely replace clean water with PW containing 5 g L−1 propionate. Furthermore, in the fed‐batch fermentation, the OMCM obtained the highest biomass of 113.4 g L−1 and lipid yield of 64.4 g L−1 in PW condition, which is 26.8% and 51.7% higher than that of wild type (WT) in PW condition. Moreover, to verify why overexpression of MCM can promote DHA and lipid accumulation, the comparative metabolomics, ATP production level, the antioxidant system, and the transcription of key genes were investigated. Results showed that ATP induced by PW condition could drive the synthesis of DHA, and remarkably improve the antioxidant capacity of cells by enhancing the carotenoids production. Therefore, PW can be used as an effective and economical substrate and water source for Schizochytrium sp. to accumulate biomass and DHA.
Development of disposable electrode for the detection of mosquito‐borne viruses
Authors: Nasrin Fahmida , Khoris Indra Memdi , Chowdhury Ankan Dutta , Muttaqein Sjakurrizal El , Park Enoch Y. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDevelopment of disposable, rapid, and convenient biosensor with high sensitivity and reliability is the most desired method of viral disease prevention. To achieve this goal, in this work, a practical impedimetric biosensor has been implemented into a disposable electrode on a screen‐printed carbon electrode (SPCE) for the detection of two mosquito‐borne viruses. The biosensor fabrication has step‐wisely carried out on the disposable electrode surface at room temperature: starting from conductive film formation, physical binding of the gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)‐polyaniline (PAni) into the conductive film, and biofunctionalization. To get the maximum efficiency of the antibody, biotinylated antibody has been conjugated on the surface of AuNP‐PAni/PAni‐SPCE via the streptavidin‐biotin conjugation method which is a critical factor for the high sensitivity. Using the antibody–antigen interaction, this disposable electrode has designed to detect mosquito‐borne infectious viruses, Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), and Zika virus (ZIKV) separately in a wide linear range of 100 fg mL−1 to 1 ng mL−1 with a low detection limit of 1.33 and 12.31 fg mL−1, respectively.
A systematic review on gut–brain axis aberrations in bipolar disorder and methods of balancing the gut microbiota
Authors: Obi‐Azuike Crystal , Ebiai Ruona , Gibson Taneil , Hernandez Ariana , Khan Asma , Anugwom Gibson , Urhi Alexsandra , Prasad Sakshi , Souabni Sara Ait , Oladunjoye Funso 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundBipolar disorder (BD) is a mood disorder that affects millions worldwide. Up to half of the diagnosed patients are reported to not receive adequate treatment. This study aims to assess the relationship between the gut–brain axis and BD and to discuss and compare the efficacy of varying methods of balancing gut microbiotas in BD.MethodsUsing PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar from November 2021 to February 2022, we found 5310 studies on gut microbiota and its relation to BD. Using our inclusion criteria, 5283 studies were excluded. A total of 27 full‐text articles were assessed for eligibility. Also, 12 articles that met our criteria and eligibility criteria reported on 613 BD patients.ResultsMost studies analyzed found an overall difference in gut microbiota composition in bipolar patients compared to healthy controls, though the alterations found were not consistent. Differences in Lactobacillus, Faecalibacterium, and Ruminococcus abundance in BD compared to controls were found to be the most consistent across a few of the studies, but their effects on the gut–brain axis conflicted. Probiotic supplementation was found to lower patient rehospitalizations and significantly improve depressive symptoms and cognitive impairments among patients with BD.ConclusionsMultiple studies included in this review point toward a possible link between BD and the gut microbiota. Probiotic supplements and other gut‐balancing therapies could serve as effective adjunctive methods for the treatment of BD. Notable limitations of the studies included for analysis were small sample sizes and majority observational study designs. Furthermore, the microbiota aberrations found in patients with BD were not consistent across multiple studies. Despite these limitations, our findings demonstrate the need for further research regarding the relationship between aberrant gut microbiota profiles and BD, as well as the effectiveness of gut balancing methods as adjunctive treatments.
Evaluation of the Quality of Codonopsis Radix in Different Growth Years by the AHP‐CRITIC Method
Authors: Wang Yanping , Wang Zixia , Zhang Jingjing , Yu Huaqiao , Chen Yan , Gao Yingrui , Li Xiaodong , Li Wen , Hu Fangdi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe quality of traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) has a significant correlation with the source and growth years. However, there is no research on the relationship between the growth period and the quality of Codonopsis Radix (CR). This work aims to evaluate the quality of CR in different growth years (2–5 years). First, the content of 6 efficacy‐related and 28 nutrient‐related components in different growth years of CR was analyzed. The results showed that with the increase in growth years of CR, the content of some components increased, while some decreased. Then, the AHP‐CRITIC method was performed to score the CR in different growth years, the results showed that the comprehensive score of CR increased with the increase of growth years, and the 5‐year‐CR had the highest score. Finally, in vitro activity assays were designed to verify the evaluation results. The results demonstrated that with the increase of growth years, the spleen lymphocyte proliferation activity and DPPH free radical scavenging activity of CR were enhanced, which proved that the AHP‐CRITIC method is reasonable to evaluate the quality of CR in different growth years. The aforementioned findings demonstrated that CR quality improved with longer planting years.
A clown nose‐like nodule revealing a metastatic lung carcinoma
Authors: Mkhinini Haifa , Ghariani Nadia Fetoui , Yacoub Sarra , Denguezli Mohamed 
Published: May 2023

Key clinical MessageClown nose‐like lesion can be the manifestation of inflammatory, infectious or neoplasm‐related diseases, and some genetic syndromes. Lung carcinoma metastasize rarely to the skin. To our knowledge, 16 cases of lung cancer metastasis with clown nose‐like lesions have been reported. Here, we describe a new case.AbstractCutaneous metastases of small‐cell‐lung carcinoma are rare, and nose involvement is much rarer. However, it can be the first warning sign of lung cancer. We describe the case of a patient who presented with a red nodule of the nasal tip reminding a clown‐nose.
A case report of cutaneous infection with Mycobacterium neoaurum
Authors: Mohebbipour‐Loren Alireza , Soghrati Mehrnaz , Barin Sajjad , Rezaei Mitra 
Published: May 2023

Key Clinical MessageCutaneous infection due to Mycobacterium neoaurum in immune‐competent individuals had only been reported in limited cases. The point that makes our case very impressive was its cutaneous infection, and presentation in the immune‐competent patient.AbstractCutaneous infections caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria usually occur in immunocompromised hosts. We report a rare case of cutaneous infection caused by Mycobacterium neoaurum in an immune‐competent patient.
Blastocystis sp.—An emerging cause of diarrhea post stem cell transplantation
Authors: Radhwi Osman , Almohammadi Abdullah , Almarzouki Adel , Barefah Ahmed , Bahashwan Salem , Alahwal Hatem 
Published: May 2023

Key Clinical MessageProtozoans are endemic in the Middle East and diarrhea workup post stem cell transplant should always include stool examination for ova and parasites.AbstractWe present a case of Blastocystis sp. infection in a multiple myeloma patient who developed diarrhea on day five of post‐autologous stem cell transplantation. Diarrhea is a major complication and a potential cause of mortality in this population. Testing for endemic protozoan is recommended.
Extrusive luxation. Therapeutic procedure
Authors: Lago Laura , da Silva Luis , Fernandez‐Formoso Noelia , Rilo Benito 
Published: May 2023

Key Clinical MessageRepositioning a traumatized tooth involves replacing and stabilizing it. When it is not possible, a method has been developed by an acetate splint. After few weeks, the tooth was aligned and correctly positioned.AbstractRepositioning a traumatized tooth involves, first, replacing and second stabilizing it. Stabilization, on the other hand, usually requires flexible splints. Occasionally the immediate replacement may be impossible being necessary to use other procedure. When complete replacement is not possible.
Stereoselective Synthesis of Amphoteric α‐Haloalkenyl Boronates by Halogenative Semipinacol Rearrangement of B(MIDA)‐Propargylic Alcohols
Authors: Liu Li‐Cai , Qian Jiasheng , Duan Liyan , Wang Bin , Tu Fang‐Hai , Li Qingjiang , Wang Honggen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe facile synthesis of stereo‐defined and transformable functionality‐enriched building blocks is of great importance in modern organic chemistry, as it allows the rapid and divergent assembly of complex molecules. Herein a halogen electrophile (N‐bromosuccinimide and N‐iodosuccinimide) initiated semipinacol rearrangement reaction of B(MIDA)‐propargylic alcohols (MIDA=N‐methyliminodiacetyl) by aryl migration towards the synthesis of amphoteric α‐haloalkenyl boronates in moderate to good yields with excellent stereoselectivities is reported. The value of the products is evidenced by their ability to undergo divergent conversions to polysubstituted alkenes through manipulation of the C−B and C−X (X=Br, I) bonds and the carbonyl group.
Thienyl‐Substituted Diboranes(4): Electronic Stabilization of Radicals Versus Increased Reactivity towards Bond Activation
Authors: Schorr Fabian , Keim Timo , Arrowsmith Merle , Vargas Alfredo , Dewhurst Rian D. , Krummenacher Ivo , Braunschweig Holger 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLow‐valent main group chemistry involves a balancing act between steric and electronic stabilization of the electron‐rich low oxidation state main group centers and their desired reactivity. Herein we show that the combination of sterically shielding mesityl and rotationally flexible 2‐thienyl groups, the latter having the potential to be either electronically stabilizing or activating, at a diborane(4) provides a platform for both radical anion stabilization and unusual bond activation and rearrangement reactions. The addition of a Lewis base to a 1,2‐dimesityl‐1,2‐dithienyldiborane(4) (1) results in direct and unprecedented C−H borylation of one thienyl substituent with cleavage of the B−B bond. The facile one‐electron reduction of 1 yields a stable diboron radical anion through delocalization of its unpaired electron over the entire planar 1,2‐dithienyldiboron framework, as evidenced by EPR spectroscopy and DFT calculations. The two‐electron reduction of 1 with magnesium anthracene under more forcing conditions results in B−B bond cleavage and replacement of one thienyl sulfur atom by a mesitylboron moiety, leading to the formation of a magnesium complex of an η5‐diborafulvene dianion. Salt metathesis of the latter with [(η6‐p‐cymene)RuCl2] affords a mixed ruthenium sandwich complex of an η5‐borylborole dianion. Calculations highlight both the structural and electronic changes in the boron‐substituted heterocyclic C4B dianion upon switching coordination from magnesium (diborafulvene dianion) to ruthenium (borylborole dianion).
Safety, tolerability, and clinical activity of selinexor in combination with pembrolizumab in treatment of metastatic non–small cell lung cancer
Authors: Altan Mehmet , Tu Janet , Milton Denái R. , Yilmaz Bulent , Tian Yanyan , Fossella Frank V. , Mott Frank E. , Blumenschein George R. , Stephen Bettzy , Karp Daniel D. , Meric‐Bernstam Funda , Heymach John V. , Naing Aung 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn lung cancer, overexpression of nuclear export proteins can result in inactivation of critical tumor suppressor proteins and cell‐cycle regulators. Selective suppression of nuclear export proteins has immunomodulatory activities. Here, clinical safety and early efficacy data are presented on the combination of pembrolizumab and an oral selective nuclear export inhibitor, selinexor, for the treatment of metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC).MethodsThe primary objective of this prospective investigator‐initiated study was to determine the safety and tolerability of selinexor in combination with pembrolizumab in patients with mNSCLC. Secondary objectives included determination of objective tumor response rate, disease control rate, and progression‐free survival duration.ResultsA total of 17 patients were included in the final analysis. Fifteen (88%) received more than two lines of prior systemic therapy and 10 (59%) had prior exposure to anti–PD‐1/programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) therapy. The median age was 67.5 years. Ten patients had grade ≥3 adverse events related to selinexor treatment. Responses to treatment occurred in patients who did and did not undergo previous anti–PD‐1/PD‐L1 therapy and in patients with activating driver mutations. The median overall survival and progression‐free survival were 11.4 months (95% CI, 3.4–19.8 months) and 3.0 months (95% CI, 1.7–5.7 months), respectively. The overall response rate was 18% and the 6‐month disease control rate was 24%.ConclusionsSelinexor in combination with pembrolizumab demonstrated promising antitumor activity in patients with mNSCLC, including those who had previously received anti–PD‐1/PD‐L1 therapy. The therapy‐related toxic effects were consistent with the prior safety data for both drugs, and no overlapping toxic effects were observed.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02419495.Plain language summary

New strategies to prevent or reverse resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors are under investigation. Selective inhibitors of nuclear export proteins, such as selinexor, can induce restoration of tumor‐suppressing pathways and induce potent immunomodulatory activities.
This article contains the clinical safety and early efficacy data on the combination of pembrolizumab and selinexor in treatment of metastatic non–small cell lung cancer.
UML design for access control architecture in smart building application
Authors: Chaabane Mariam , Bouassida Rodriguez Ismael , Belkhiria Hamida 
Published: May 2023

SummaryCyber physical systems are complex systems to build and implement, electronic devices and concepts such as the energy saving, the user comfort and the privacy of sensitive data. In the physical world, buildings represent a major part of total energy consumption, that's why improving the energy efficiency levels of buildings is topical by which the emergence of smart buildings. Since, even if efforts are being made in normalizing the process of energy saving management while maintaining a high level of users' comfort, managing the access control in smart buildings systems remains an ad‐hoc process. This is why a number of researches focus on the design and implementation of solutions aimed at covering the process of access control management. In the context of developing a smart building application, already developed in our laboratory, we have set up an access control management system to manage users' access. We present the design of an access control architecture, using the Unified Modeling Language, upon the smart building application which is the subject of a maintenance work. The designed solution is implemented with the purpose of evolving the application to be used by multiple users. The implemented access control solution is an extended role‐based access control model.
Deep learning techniques for remote sensing image scene classification: A comprehensive review, current challenges, and future directions
Authors: Kumari Monika , Kaul Ajay 
Published: May 2023

SummarySince last decade, deep learning has made exceptional progress in various fields of artificial intelligence including image and voice recognition, natural language processing. Inspired by these successes, researchers are now applying deep learning techniques to classification of scenes in remote sensing images. The purpose of remote sensing image scene classification is to classify remote sensing scenes according to their content. These images display a complex structure due to the variety of landforms as well as the distance between the image collection instrument and earth. In our review, we discussed 76 relevant papers published on this topic over the past 6 years. The review conducts a comparison analysis based on the overall accuracy parameter to provide insight into the effectiveness of different methods on different proportions of the dataset. The five classes of techniques we describe are convolutional neural networks, autoencoders, generative adversarial networks, vision transformers, and few‐shot learning. Future directions are discussed in this review in order to enhance the effectiveness of deep learning‐based scene classification approaches. This article concludes with an overview of the proposed method to enhance the accuracy in classifying remote sensing images.
Layering of edge node for jamming attack detection and elimination in wireless sensor network
Authors: Murugaveni S. , Priyalakshmi B. 
Published: May 2023

SummaryWireless sensor network (WSN) is an environmental monitoring system exposing sensor nodes to various attacks. Jamming is an attack that disrupts the entire sensor network and affects the network's life span. The jammer broadcasts the signal at a frequency similar to the broadcast signal to jam the corresponding sensor node. There are many jamming detection schemes that only detect the jamming node, but they do not focus on eliminating the node that is not jamming. In this article, a novel strategy is used along with optimization to eliminate the disturbance in the sensor network and save the power consumed by nodes. The system uses the edge node, the sub‐edge node, and the cluster head for detection of jamming attack. Hyperbolic optimization is implemented in the cluster to eliminate data transmission failures. The proposed model considers the node's round trip time to detect jamming attacks. The optimization method considers the cluster head as the cluster member based on the probability of jamming in the network. The design is implemented and analyzed in MATLAB platform. As a result, the proposed method has improved the detection accuracy to 11.1% compared with extant techniques.
Atypical clinical features of post COVID‐19 mucormycosis: A case series
Authors: Al‐jumaily Hassanien A. , Al‐Anee Auday M. , Al‐Quisi Ahmed F. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis case series aims to evaluate patients affected with post COVID‐19 mucormycosis from clinical presentation to surgical and pharmacological treatment to improve the disease prognosis.Material and MethodsThis case series was conducted at a specialized surgery hospital in Baghdad Medical City for over 10 months. Fifteen cases who had mild to severe COVID‐19 infections followed by symptoms similar to aggressive periodontitis, such as mobility and bone resorption around the multiple maxillary teeth, were included in this case series.ResultsAll patients did not receive COVID‐19 vaccination; seven had a history of diabetes mellitus type 2, another five patients had a history of diabetes‐like syndrome during the COVID‐19 infection, and the remaining three patients had no history of any systemic diseases. No intracranial involvement was seen in all patients, and bilateral sinus involvement was seen in three patients.ConclusionBeing highly suspicious of all patients affected with COVID‐19 is highly recommended to avoid the complications of the late diagnosis of mucormycosis. In addition, our knowledge and methods in diagnosing and treating classical mucormycosis should be modified regarding post COVID‐19 mucormycosis.
Iron deficiency anemia detection using machine learning models: A comparative study of fingernails, palm and conjunctiva of the eye images
Authors: Asare Justice Williams , Appiahene Peter , Donkoh Emmanuel Timmy , Dimauro Giovanni 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAnemia is one of the global public health challenges that particularly affect children and pregnant women. A study by WHO indicates that 42% of children below the age of 6 and 40% of pregnant women worldwide are anemic. This affects the world's total population by 33%, due to the cause of iron deficiency. The non‐invasive technique, such as the use of machine learning algorithms is one of the methods used in the diagnosis or detection of clinical diseases, which anemia detection cannot be overlooked in recent days. In this study, a machine learning approach was used to detect iron‐deficiency anemia with the application of Naïve Bayes, CNN, SVM, k‐NN, and decision tree algorithms. This enabled us to compare the conjunctiva of the eyes, the palpable palm, and the color of the fingernail images to justify which of them has a higher accuracy for detecting anemia in children. The method utilized was categorized into three different stages: dataset collection, dataset preprocessing, and model development for anemia detection. The CNN achieved a higher accuracy of 99.12%, while the SVM had the least accuracy of 95.4%. The performance of the models justifies that the non‐invasive approach is an effective mechanism for anemia detection.