bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of medical device software for the screening and assessment of depression severity using data collected from a wristband-type wearable device: SWIFT study protocol
Authors: Kishimoto Taishiro , Kinoshita Shotaro , Kikuchi Toshiaki , Bun Shogyoku , Kitazawa Momoko , Horigome Toshiro , Tazawa Yuki , Takamiya Akihiro , Hirano Jinichi , Mimura Masaru , Liang Kuo-ching , Koga Norihiro , Ochiai Yasushi , Ito Hiromi , Miyamae Yumiko , Tsujimoto Yuiko , Sakuma Kei , Kida Hisashi , Miura Gentaro , Kawade Yuko , Goto Akiko , Yoshino Fumihiro 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionFew biomarkers can be used clinically to diagnose and assess the severity of depression. However, a decrease in activity and sleep efficiency can be observed in depressed patients, and recent technological developments have made it possible to measure these changes. In addition, physiological changes, such as heart rate variability, can be used to distinguish depressed patients from normal persons; these parameters can be used to improve diagnostic accuracy. The proposed research will explore and construct machine learning models capable of detecting depressive episodes and assessing their severity using data collected from wristband-type wearable devices.Methods and analysisPatients with depressive symptoms and healthy subjects will wear a wristband-type wearable device for 7 days; data on triaxial acceleration, pulse rate, skin temperature, and ultraviolet light will be collected. On the seventh day of wearing, the severity of depressive episodes will be assessed using Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), and other scales. Data for up to five 7-day periods of device wearing will be collected from each subject. Using wearable device data associated with clinical symptoms as supervisory data, we will explore and build a machine learning model capable of identifying the presence or absence of depressive episodes and predicting the HAMD scores for an unknown data set.DiscussionOur machine learning model could improve the clinical diagnosis and management of depression through the use of a wearable medical device.Clinical trial registration[https://jrct.niph.go.jp/latest-detail/jRCT1031210478], identifier [jRCT1031210478].
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in individuals with internet gaming
Authors: McGlade Erin C. , Han Doug Hyun , Kim Sun Mi , Shi Xianfeng , Cline Kirsten , Yurgelun-Todd Deborah , Renshaw Perry F. 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundVarious comorbid psychiatric diagnoses, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), have been reported in individuals with internet gaming disorder (IGD). Prior research has shown alterations in brain metabolites, including N-acetylaspartate (NAA), and combined glutamate and glutamine in patients with ADHD that were similar to those observed in patients with IGD. We hypothesized that the decreased NAA levels in the IGD group would be associated with a history of ADHD.MethodsForty adults participated in this study. Participants were classified as having a high risk for IGD if they had a total score higher than 21 on the IGD Scale-short form. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) and high-resolution structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were acquired using a 3 Tesla Siemens Prisma scanner system.ResultsLevels of NAA within the right prefrontal cortex were lower in the IGD group than those observed in the control group. In a multiple linear regression analysis, internet addiction test scores and history of ADHD were shown to predict increased game play. In addition, history of ADHD predicted lower levels of NAA within the right prefrontal cortex.ConclusionThe preliminary results of current study suggest a mediating effect of ADHD on the severity of internet game play as well as the levels of NAA within the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). The inclusion of ADHD in IGD research is important and deserving of further consideration.
A comparison of the antianhedonic effects of repeated ketamine infusions in melancholic and non-melancholic depression
Authors: Zheng Wei , Yang Xin-Hu , Gu Li-Mei , Tan Jian-Qiang , Zhou Yan-Ling , Wang Cheng-Yu , Ning Yu-Ping 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesMelancholic depression may respond differently to certain treatments. The aim of this study was to compare the antianhedonic effects of six intravenous injections of 0.5 mg/kg ketamine in patients with melancholic and non-melancholic depression, which remain largely unknown.MethodsIndividuals experiencing melancholic (n = 30) and non-melancholic (n = 105) depression were recruited and assessed for anhedonic symptoms using the Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). The presence of melancholic depression was measured with the depression scale items at baseline based on DSM-5 criteria.ResultsA total of 30 (22.2%) patients with depression fulfilled the DSM-5 criteria for melancholic depression. Patients with melancholic depression had a non-significant lower antianhedonic response (43.3 vs. 50.5%, t = 0.5, p &gt; 0.05) and remission (20.0 vs. 21.0%, t = 0.01, p &gt; 0.05) to repeated-dose ketamine infusions than those with non-melancholic depression. The melancholic group had significantly lower MADRS anhedonia subscale scores than the non-melancholic group at day 26 (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionAfter six ketamine infusions, the improvement of anhedonic symptoms was found in both patients with melancholic and non-melancholic depression, and the efficacy was similar in both groups.
The changing relationship between health risk behaviors and depression among birth cohorts of Canadians 65+, 1994–2014
Authors: Yang Guang , D’Arcy Carl 
Published: December 2022

Background and objectiveThe older adult residents of Canada form an increasingly larger proportion of the population and are becoming better educated and have more income. Depression is a common mental disorder, particularly among seniors. Several health risk behaviors–physical inactivity, tobacco use, and alcohol consumption–are linked to mental health problems. This study examines whether these health risk behaviors and their association with depression among Canadians 65+ born in eight cohorts between 1910–1914 and 1945–1949, have changed.MethodsPooled data drawn from 11 nationally representative health surveys conducted by Statistics Canada between 1994 and 2014 are analyzed–88,675 survey participants met inclusion criteria. Depression was assessed by the Composite International Diagnostic Interview–Short Form. Health risk behaviors examined were physical activity/inactivity, smoking, and alcohol use. A Cochran Armitage trend test for categorical outcomes and a log-binomial modeling for binary outcomes were used to estimate the risk ratios across cohorts.ResultsThe proportions of Canadians 65+ who are physically active, regular drinkers, and regular smokers have increased; however, depression prevalence fluctuated non-significantly. Depression increased among all health risk behaviors, particularly in recent birth cohorts. Depression among physically inactive seniors, current smokers, and non-drinkers was significantly higher than among active, non-smokers, and regular drinkers (all P &lt; 0.05). Physical inactivity and smoking-attributable depression risk showed an increasing linear trend across birth cohorts (RR = 1.67, P &lt; 0.001; RR = 1.79, P &lt; 0.001). For seniors born between 1915 and 1944, regular drinking was associated with a significant decrease in depression (all P &lt; 0.001), but the protective effects of regular drinking became non-existent in the most recent 1945–1949 birth cohort (RR = 1.09, P &lt; 0.05, after adjusting for covariates).ConclusionInactivity and smoking were consistently associated with a significantly increased risk of depression among Canadian residents 65+, with smoking becoming more firmly connected to depression risk in more recent birth cohorts. In contrast, moderate alcohol use was associated with a decreased risk of depression, but that protective effect ceased in most recent birth cohort. Identifying the changing relationships between health risk behaviors and depression is meaningful for developing prevention strategies for depression and other emotional and mental health problems.
Cerebellar gray matter volume changes in patients with schizophrenia: A voxel-based meta-analysis
Authors: Li Xing , Liu Naici , Yang Chengmin , Zhang Wenjing , Lui Su 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundIn schizophrenia, the structural changes in the cerebellum are associated with patients’ cognition and motor deficits. However, the findings are inconsistent owing to the heterogeneity in sample size, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners, and other factors among them. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis to characterize the anatomical changes in cerebellar subfields in patients with schizophrenia.MethodsSystematic research was conducted to identify studies that compare the gray matter volume (GMV) differences in the cerebellum between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls with a voxel-based morphometry (VBM) method. A coordinate-based meta-analysis was adopted based on seed-based d mapping (SDM) software. An exploratory meta-regression analysis was conducted to associate clinical and demographic features with cerebellar changes.ResultsOf note, 25 studies comprising 996 patients with schizophrenia and 1,109 healthy controls were included in the present meta-analysis. In patients with schizophrenia, decreased GMVs were demonstrated in the left Crus II, right lobule VI, and right lobule VIII, while no increased GMV was identified. In the meta-regression analysis, the mean age and illness duration were negatively associated with the GMV in the left Crus II in patients with schizophrenia.ConclusionThe most significant structural changes in the cerebellum are mainly located in the posterior cerebellar hemisphere in patients with schizophrenia. The decreased GMVs of these regions might partly explain the cognitive deficits and motor symptoms in patients with schizophrenia.
Protein-to-carbohydrate ratio is informative of diet quality and associates with all-cause mortality: Findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007–2014)
Authors: Wabo Therese M. C. , Wang Yifeng , Nyamao Rose M. , Wang Wenjie , Zhu Shankuan 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundDietary protein and carbohydrate intake and health outcomes have received extensive attention in recent years. However, the nutritional context in which these associations occur is less studied.ObjectivesWe aimed to examine the dietary context associating protein-to-carbohydrate ratio and all-cause mortality in US adults.MethodsData from 17,814 adults enrolled in the 2007–2014 NHANES was analyzed. Information on mortality was obtained from the US mortality registry updated in December 2015. Diet quality was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) and Total Nutrients Index (TNI). ANCOVA was used to test the mean differences in HEI and TNI scores across %E P:C quintiles. Linear regression examined the association of HEI and TNI with %E P:C. Cox proportional hazards regression evaluated the association between %E P:C and all-cause mortality. A restricted cubic spline examined the non-linear relationship between %E P:C and death.ResultsLow %E P:C was associated with lower HEI and TNI scores while higher %E P:C was associated with healthier HEI and TNI scores. HEI and TNI were positively associated with %E P:C (β = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.19–0.25, and β = 0.16, 95% CI: 0.14–0.18), respectively. Low %E P:C was associated with an increased risk of death from all-cause. The higher HRs (95% CIs) of all-cause mortality were 1.97(1.46–2.65), and 7.35 (2.57–21.03) in the second quintile for the age-sex-ethnicity model, and the fully adjusted model, respectively. There was a significant reverse U-shape relationship between %E P:C and all-cause mortality with P, non-linearity &lt; 0.001.ConclusionThis study indicates that a low %E P:C that gives emphasis to unhealthy foods increases the risk of death. Hence, it would be useful to consider the complete diet associated with protein intake when making dietary recommendations for populations.
Analyzing the impact of psychological capital and work pressure on employee job engagement and safety behavior
Authors: Saleem Muhammad Shoaib , Isha Ahmad Shahrul Nizam Bin , Benson Chizubem , Awan Maheen Iqbal , Naji Gehad Mohammed Ahmed , Yusop Yuzana Binti 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionBuildings and infrastructure are the primary focus of the construction industry, which also includes related activities such as design, planning, demolition, renovation, maintenance, and repair. Safety performance is crucial to the industry's ability to work effectively in spite of hazardous conditions on the job site during any given project. Improving construction workers' safety performance in Malaysia requires an in-depth examination of the interplay between workers' psychological capital, work pressure, employee engagement, and safety participation.MethodsAdministrative and field workers from different divisions across Malaysia's six regions were randomly sampled to collect data for this study. The workers were given a total of 500 questionnaires, of which 345 were returned to the team of researchers. Based on the data analysis, there is an effective interaction between the factors tested toward safety performance.ResultsAccording to findings, psychological capital positively and significantly affected workers' work engagement. Also, work engagement greatly impacted both workers' safety performance outcomes. Also, as expected, worker pressure significantly and negatively affected workers' safety performance.DiscussionInsights gained from this research have helped us better organize work and involve employees in safety activities/policies to boost workplace safety performance. The study also suggested that firms should reduce their employees' workloads because doing so would not lower their Psychological Capital but would instead fortify them to better carry out their duties in a risk-free manner.
The relationship between teacher professional identity and burnout amid the pandemic: A moderated mediation model
Authors: Lin Yishan , Ameyaw Moses A. , Zhang Qinhan , Sun Binghai , Li Weijian 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundTeacher burnout is affected by personal and social factors. COVID-19 has greatly impacted teachers' physical and mental health, which could aggravate teacher burnout.PurposeBased on the JD-R model, this study aims to investigate the relationship between teacher professional identity (TPI) and job burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic, and examine the moderating roles of perceived organizational support (POS) and psychological resilience (PR) in these relationships among primary and secondary school teachers in China.MethodsA total of 3,147 primary and secondary school teachers participated in this study.FindingsWork engagement played a mediating role in the relationship between professional identity and burnout; when the POS and PR scores were high, the predictive coefficient of TPI on burnout was the largest.OriginalityThis study tested the mechanism underlying the relationship between TPI and burnout, and explored the protective factors of burnout.ImplicationsThis study supports the applicability of the JD-R model during COVID-19 and provides ideas for teachers to reduce burnout.
Prescribing tailored home exercise program to older adults in the community using a tailored self-modeled video: A pre-post study
Authors: Vaz Sharmila , Hang Jo-Aine , Codde Jim , Bruce David , Spilsbury Katrina , Hill Anne-Marie 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundCommunity rehabilitation for older people after hospital discharge is necessary to regain functional ability and independence. However, poor adherence to exercise programs continues to hinder achieving positive health outcomes in older people. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of prescribing a tailored video self-modeled DVD-HEP for 6 weeks, on functional mobility, physical activity, exercise self-efficacy, and health-related quality of life, in a sample of frail older adults.Materials and methodsA pre- and post-test intervention study design was conducted, with each participant acting as their own control. A convergent, parallel, mixed-methods approach involving quantitative, and qualitative data collection was used. Participants received an individualized assessment at baseline and subsequently were provided with a 30-min tailored 6-week self-modeled DVD-HEP that showed the physiotherapist instructing the participant. The physiotherapist phoned participants fortnightly to encourage engagement in the program and explore responses to it. Outcomes evaluated included functional mobility, balance, gait speed, and exercise self-efficacy.ResultsParticipants (n = 15) showed clinically meaningful improvements at follow-up compared to baseline in functional mobility (TUGMCID = 3.4–3.5 s, 3-MWTMCID = 0.1–0.2 m/s) and gait speed (3-MWTMCID = 0.1–0.2 m/s). There were also significant improvements in balance and self-efficacy for exercise and a 2.5- and a 1.3-fold increase in moderate and light physical activity participation at follow-up compared to baseline. The deductive themes were: (i) Enjoyment, self-efficacy, and wellbeing; (ii) Achieving life goals; (iii) Background music as a motivator to adherence; and (iv) Enhanced motor performance and learning: Task goal mastery, multimodal feedback, autonomy to self-regulate learning. The new inductive theme was (v) Preference for in-person support for exercise.ConclusionFuture studies are warranted to compare a tailored self-modeled video HEP to face-to-face programs and other digital health modalities to evaluate older adults' adherence levels and functional improvement.
Psychological distress facing the COVID-19 pandemic in dental interns from the Peruvian capital: A cross-sectional study under a multivariable regression model
Authors: Cayo-Rojas César , Córdova-Limaylla Nancy , Ladera-Castañeda Marysela , Briceño-Vergel Gissela , López-Gurreonero Carlos , Castro-Mena Manuel , Cornejo-Pinto Alberto , Agramonte-Rosell Regina , Cervantes-Ganoza Luis 
Published: December 2022

AimPsychological distress can be considered a maladaptive response to a stressful situation that occurs when external events or stressors impose demands that cannot be coped with. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the sociodemographic factors associated with psychological distress in dental interns from the Peruvian capital facing the COVID-19 pandemic.Materials and methodsThis analytical, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted on 392 Stomatology interns from the Peruvian capital from June to July 2022. The validated COVID-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI) scale to detect the levels of psychological distress consisted of four dimensions: negative mood, changes in behavior and cognitive skills, fatigue and hyperreactivity, and somatization. Pearson's chi-square and Fisher's exact test were used for bivariable analysis. In addition, a logit model was used to assess the influence of variables: sex (X1), age group (X2), marital status (X3), monthly economic income (X4), working area in the capital city (X5), and living with people vulnerable to COVID-19 (X6), with the psychological distress levels, considering a significance p &lt; 0.05.ResultsThe prevalence of psychological distress in dental interns was severe in 6.4% [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.9–8.8%] and mild in 37.8% (95% CI: 33.0–42.6%). According to bivariable analysis, the levels of psychological distress by COVID-19 were not significantly associated with sex (p = 0.190), age group (p = 0.418), marital status (p = 0.554), monthly economic income (p = 0.327), working area in the capital city (p = 0.993), and living with people vulnerable to COVID-19 (p = 0.134). In addition, according to the logistic regression analysis, none of the variables studied was considered an influential factor (p &gt; 0.05) in psychological distress presented by dental interns.ConclusionThe 44.2% of dental interns from the Peruvian capital presented psychological distress facing the COVID-19 pandemic, without any of the possible associated variables of this study significantly affecting this behavioral disorder.
Minimally invasive surgery in older children with Hirschsprung’s disease in a North African Country
Authors: Arafa Ahmed , Ragab Moutaz , Abdelazim Osama , Khedr Sayed , Mohamed Wesam 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionHirschsprung's disease (HSD) is a bowel congenital anomaly affecting mainly the enteric nervous system of the rectosigmoid region. Surgical resection of the aganglionic segment and restoration of bowel continuity via coloanal anastomosis is the main stay of treatment. In 1999, Georgeson et al. introduced a new minimally invasive approach as a standard for the pull-through mechanism. This study aims to evaluate the safety and possibility of the use of a laparoscope in older children with HSD with various techniques for HSD surgery.MethodsThis study was performed based on 20 patients diagnosed with HSD. The patients are older children, whose mean age is 3 years. The cases showing enterocolitis or obstruction were excluded from the study. We divided these cases into two groups: Group A, consisting of 10 cases where laparoscopic-aided transanal pull-through was done, and group B, in which the laparoscopic Duhamel procedure was done.ResultsWe compared between two groups for the first year follow-up period. In Group A, there were two cases of stenosis that respond to regular dilation: one case of enterocolitis and one case of fecal incontinence. In Group B, we had two cases of constipation and three cases of enterocolitis. There was no anastomotic leak in both groups.ConclusionMinimally invasive surgery is safe in management of HSD in older children in one stage, either by using the Duhamel or transanal Swenson procedure.