bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations between accumulating job stressors, workplace social capital, and psychological distress on work-unit level: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Nikunlaakso Risto , Reuna Kaisa , Oksanen Tuula , Laitinen Jaana 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Psychosocial job stressor studies usually examine one exposure at a time and focus on individual workers. In this study we examined the accumulation of work stressors in work units and its association with psychological distress (PD) on work-unit level. We also investigated whether high workplace social capital modifies the effect.

Methods
We examined survey responses from 813 Finnish health and social services (HSS) work units, comprising 9 502 employees, in a cross-sectional study design. The survey was conducted in 2021. We calculated odds ratios for the association between accumulating job stressors and PD. We also analyzed the interaction between work stressors and the effect modification of high workplace social capital.

Results
We found that HSS work units with high percentage of employees having high job demands and low rewards (OR 7.2, 95% CI 3.7, 13.8) have an increased risk of higher PD in the work unit. We also found indication of high social capital possibly modifying the effect of job stressors on PD. The results suggest that accumulated job stressors are associated with PD on work unit level, with excess risk for PD compared to the stressors acting separately.

Conclusions
The results indicate that the effect of accumulating job stressors should be further studied on work-unit level. Participatory organizational-level and work-unit level interventions to tackle job stressors and to improve workplace social capital are warranted.
Threshold effect and sex characteristics of the relationship between chronic inflammation and BMI
Authors: Liqiang Su , Fang-Hui Li , Minghui Quan , Haichun Chen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractChronic inflammation is an important pathway for obesity to harm health, the aggravation of chronic inflammation occurs without clinical symptoms. BMI is closely related to chronic inflammation, and it is a predictive factor of chronic inflammation, but the following questions remain unanswered: Are the effects of chronic inflammation on different BMI intervals consistent? Are the effects of BMI on chronic inflammation consistent between male and female? This study aimed to explore the threshold effect, and sex characteristics of the relationship between chronic inflammation and BMI. Methods: People with normal weight, overweight, and obesity were selected as subjects for cross-sectional study. BMI, hs-CRP, adiponectin and irisin was tested. Multiple regression analysis and generalized additive models were used to examine the association between hs-CRP and BMI. Results: 119 adults were recruited (normal weight: n = 30, 28.1 ± 7.65 years, BMI: 22.04 ± 1.55; overweight: n = 29, 27.45 ± 7.47 years, BMI: 26.11 ± 1.22; and obesity: n = 60, 28.82 ± 6.05 years, BMI: 33.68 ± 3.57). After adjusting for age and sex, BMI was found to be positively associated with the chronic inflammatory marker hs-CRP (β = 0.45; P < 0.001), which had a threshold effect on hs-CRP. Positive correlation with hs-CRP was observed for BMI of > 24.6 (β = 0.54; P < 0.001) but not for BMI of 18.5–25.4 (β = −0.02; P > 0.05). The pro-inflammatory effect caused by BMI increase in female (β = 0.56; P < 0.001) was higher than that in male (β = 0.38; P < 0.001). When BMI was greater than 33, a positive correlation with hs-CRP was observed in female (β = 0.97; P < 0.001) but not in male (β = 0.14; P > 0.05).Conclusions: BMI has a threshold effect on chronic inflammation, BMI greater than 24.3 is positively correlated with hs-CRP. BMI in 18.5–24.3 is not correlated with hs-CRP. Furthermore, when the BMI greater than 33, hs-CRP is not positively correlated with BMI in male, whereas the pro-inflammatory effect of BMI increase becomes greater in female.Highlights:• BMI has a threshold effect on chronic inflammation. BMI in 18.5–24.3 is not correlated with chronic inflammation, and BMI greater than 24.3 is positively correlated with chronic inflammation.• The pro-inflammatory effect caused by BMI increase in female is higher than that in male. In particular, when the BMI is greater than 33, chronic inflammation is not positively correlated with BMI in male, whereas the pro-inflammatory effect of BMI increase becomes greater in female.
Linking Intensive Care Unit functional scales to the International Classification of Functioning: proposal of a new assessment approach
Authors: dos Santos Juliana S. F. , Silva Gabriely A. G. , Lima Nubia M. F. V. , Gualdi Lucien P. , Dantas Diego de S. , Lima Íllia N. D. F. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
There are several tools to assess functional and physical status in critical ill patients. These tools can guide rehabilitation strategies in Intensive care units (ICU). However, they are not standardized, and this can compromise their applicability. The aim of the study is to identify common contents between International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and Medical Research Council sum score (MRC-ss), Functional Status Score for the ICU (FSS-ICU), and Physical Function in ICU Test-scored (PFIT-s). As well as to propose a new assessment approach based on the ICF to ICU patients.

Methods
Pilot cross-sectional study. ICU in-patients, both genders, aged between 50 and 75 years were assessed with MRC-ss, FSS-ICU, PFIT-s and the linking rules used were proposed by Cieza et al. The inter-rater agreement for the linking process was performed using the Kappa coefficient.

Results
The ICF categories identified in the tools covered a total of 14 items. Common contents were identified in 13 of the 14 and two were related to body functions, six to body structures and five to activities and participation. The inter-rater agreement was considered substantial for the linking of MRC-ss (k = 0.665) and PFIT-s (k = 0.749) to the ICF, and almost perfect for the FSS-ICU (k = 0.832).

Conclusions
This study synthesizes and categorizes commonly used tools and presents a new proposal based on the ICF to guide future studies. The proposed model combines the ICF with the contents of the most relevant instruments used in critical care.
Clinical characteristics and short-term outcomes of acute pancreatitis among patients with COVID-19
Authors: Zhang Jinchang , Luo De , Kang Maoji , Li Bo , Su Song 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
The existing literature on the combination of acute pancreatitis (AP) and COVID-19 is scarce. The objective of our study is to compare the clinical outcomes and occurrence of long COVID syndrome in AP patients with and without COVID-19, while investigating the potential impact of COVID-19 on the severity, mortality rate, and long COVID syndrome in these patients.

Methods
This retrospective, observational study was conducted at a single center. It included patients aged 18 years and above who were diagnosed with AP during the pandemic. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the results of RT-qPCR testing: the SARS-CoV-2-positive group and the SARS-CoV-2-negative group. The study aimed to compare the severity of AP, mortality rate, and occurrence of long COVID syndrome between these two groups.

Result
A retrospective review was conducted on 122 patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis between December 1, 2022, and January 31, 2023. Out of these patients, 100 were included in the study. The analysis revealed no significant differences in mortality rate, severity, and sequelae between AP patients with COVID-19 and those without COVID-19 (p > 0.005). However, a statistically significant difference was observed in the occurrence of long COVID syndrome, specifically in the presence of cough (p = 0.04).

Conclusion
This study demonstrates that the presence of COVID-19 in patients with pancreatitis does not lead to an increase in the mortality and severity rate of pancreatitis.
Identification of tumor antigens and anoikis-based molecular subtypes in the hepatocellular carcinoma immune microenvironment: implications for mRNA vaccine development and precision treatment
Authors: Zheng Zhiyuan , Yang Hantao , Shi Yang , Zhou Feng , Liu Lingxiao , Yan Zhiping , Wang Xiaolin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a formidable malignancy with a high lethality. Nonetheless, the development of vaccine and the establishment of prognostic models for precise and personalized treatment of HCC still encounter big challenges. Thus, the aim of this study was to develop HCC vaccines and explore anoikis-based prognostic models based on RNA sequencing data in GEO datasets (GSE10143, GSE76427) and the TCGA-LIHC cohort. Potential HCC antigens were identified using GEPIA2, cBioPortal, and TIMER2. Anoikis-related subtypes and gene clusters were defined by consensus clustering of 566 liver cancer samples based on 28 anoikis regulators, and we further analyzed their relationship with the immune microenvironment of HCC. A predictive model based on anoikis-related long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) was developed to accurately predict HCC prognosis. Seven overexpressed genes associated with HCC prognosis and tumor-infiltrating antigen-presenting cells were identified as potential tumor antigens for the development of HCC mRNA vaccines. Two subtypes based on anoikis-related genes (ARGs) and two gene clusters with different characteristics were identified and validated in defined cohorts. The tumor immune microenvironment between the two subtypes showed different cell infiltration and molecular characteristics. Furthermore, a prognostic score based on seven lncRNAs identified by LASSO regression was constructed, with the low-risk group having favorable prognosis, a “hot” immune microenvironment, and better response to immunotherapy. CCNB1, CDK1, DNASE1L3, KPNA2, PRC1, PTTG, and UBE2S were first identified as promising tumor antigens for mRNA vaccine development in HCC. Besides, we innovatively propose anoikis-based molecular subtypes, which not only enable personalized prognostic stratification of HCC patients but also provide a blueprint for identifying optimal candidates for tumor vaccines, enhancing immunotherapeutic strategies.
Removal of methylene blue by porous biochar obtained by KOH activation from bamboo biochar
Authors: Ge Qing , Li Peng , Liu Miao , Xiao Guo-ming , Xiao Zhu-qian , Mao Jian-wei , Gai Xi-kun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA series of activated biochar (KBBC-700, KBBC-800 and KBBC-900) which were modified by KOH and pyrolysis at various temperatures from ball-milling bamboo powder were obtained. The physicochemical properties and pore structures of activated biochar were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectoscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and N2 adsorption/desorption. The adsorption performance for the removal of methylene blue (MB) was deeply studied. The results showed that KBBC-900 obtained at activation temperature of 900 °C exhibited a great surface area which reached 562 m2/g with 0.460 cm3/g of total pore volume. The enhancement of adsorption capacity could be ascribed to the increase of surface oxygen-containing functional groups, aromatization and mesoporous channels. The adsorption capacity was up to 67.46 mg/g under the optimum adsorption parameters with 2 g/L of adsorbent dose, 11 of initial solution pH and 298 K of the reactive temperature. The adsorption capacity was 70.63% of the first time after the material was recycled for three cycles. The kinetics indicated that the adsorption equilibrium time for MB on KBBC-900 was of about 20 min with the data fitted better to the pseudo-second-order kinetics model. The adsorption process was mainly dominated by chemical adsorption. Meanwhile, the adsorption isotherm showed that the Langmuir model fitted the best, and thermodynamic parameters revealed that the adsorption reaction was the endothermic nature and the spontaneous process. Adsorption of MB mainly attributed to electrostatic interactions, cation-π electron interaction and redox reaction. This study suggested that the activated biochar obtained by KOH activation from bamboo biochar has great potentials in the practical application to remove MB from wastewater.
Graphical Abstract
Proanthocyanidin and sodium butyrate synergistically modulate rat colon carcinogenesis by scavenging free radicals and regulating the COX-2 and APC pathways
Authors: Salim Elsayed I. , El-Halawany Sameh M. S. , Hassan Hanaa A. , Hafez Ezar H. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of sodium butyrate (NaB), grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE), or their combination against dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced aberrant crypt foci (ACF) formation, which is a proxy for colon carcinogenesis in the rat colon.

Results
After inducing colon cancer, all treatments markedly decreased the overall numbers of ACF, with the NaB–GSPE combination eliciting the most pronounced reduction. All the treatments significantly inhibited cell proliferation as indicated by the lower percentages of Ki67-positive cells in the colonic mucosa. Also, caspase-3-immunolabeled cells were found to be significantly increased after all treatments, indicating more apoptotic activity in the initiated colonocytes. Further, the treatments significantly modulated the levels of antioxidant biomarkers, including malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione, and total antioxidant capacity, suggesting a potently induced antioxidant activity, especially after the combination treatment. All treatments, especially the combination, dramatically downregulated the expression of COX-2 and APC, both of which are directly linked to colon cancer.

Conclusions
NaB and GSPE exert potent anti-carcinogenic effects, both alone but more effectively in combination, in a rat colon cancer model. They could be important for colon cancer treatment and for adjuvant therapy in humans.
CD4 T lymphocyte subsets display heterogeneous susceptibility to apoptosis induced by serum from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Mesquita Fernanda Vieira , Ferreira Vanessa , Mesquita Danilo , Andrade Luís Eduardo Coelho 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Serum from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients has been shown to induce T-lymphocyte (TL) apoptosis. Given that different cells of the immune system display different sensitivity to apoptosis, we set to evaluate the in vitro effect of SLE serum on regulatory T-cells (Treg), Th17, Th1 and Th2 from SLE patients and healthy controls.

Methods
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from SLE patients or normal controls were exposed to a pool of sera from SLE patients or normal controls. Annexin V was used to label cells in apoptosis or necrosis. Annexin V-labeled Treg, Th17, Th1 and Th2 cells were determined using flow cytometry.

Results
Total CD3 + and CD4 + cells from SLE patients showed higher frequency of spontaneous apoptosis/necrosis, whereas Th1 cells from SLE patients presented reduced spontaneous apoptosis/necrosis rate as compared with cells from controls. Incubation with SLE serum induced increased frequency of apoptotic/necrotic CD3 + , CD4 + and Th2 cells from normal controls or from SLE patients as compared with cultures incubated with normal human serum (NHS) or without human serum at all. Incubation with SLE serum did not increase the apoptosis/necrosis rate in Th1 or Th17 cells. Treg cells from SLE patients were more prone to apoptosis/necrosis induced by SLE serum than Treg cells from normal individuals. Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells presented increased apoptosis rates in cultures without human serum.

Conclusion
Our findings indicate that the serum of patients with active SLE stimulates apoptosis of CD4 + T cells in general and exhibit differentiated effects on CD4 + T-cell subsets.
Exploring the determinants of destination satisfaction: a multidimensional approach
Authors: Iqbal Ubais Parayil , Hamza V. K. , Nooney Lenin Kumar , Sainudeen Shajeer 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Tourism, as one of the major contributors to the world GDP, offers a wide range of economic and non-economic benefits to global society. The exchange of culture and values through travel and tourism improves harmony among people, which is essential for global peace. Consequently, governments have started giving policy significance to the tourism sector and making budget allocations for its promotion in their respective countries. This increased attention on tourism promotion through policy initiatives has fostered research attempts on various aspects of tourism, making it relevant and contemporary. However, few research attempts have been made to study the precursors of destination satisfaction. Therefore, the present study aims to fill this gap by studying the determinants of destination satisfaction through a multidimensional approach. The current study aimed to examine the dimensions of destination satisfaction and its role in deciding the destination loyalty. The study reveals interesting findings that helps the administrative apparatus in the tourism industry to come up with tailor-made policies to sustain and further enhance economic growth. The study findings reveal that factors such as satisfaction with destination characteristics, destination environment, and price significantly influence destination satisfaction among tourists visiting the Maldives. These findings underscore the importance of price as a determining factor in tourists' decision to visit the Maldives, suggesting the promotion of guesthouse tourism to provide a range of price options to attract a diverse tourist base. Additionally, the study emphasizes the necessity to enhance the quality of destination characteristics and prioritize environmental conservation efforts to ensure a positive tourist experience. The results highlight the important dimensions that determine the destination satisfaction of tourists visiting Maldives.
How come Denmark is planning to increase the annual budget for psychiatry by almost 20 percent?
Authors: Nordentoft Merete , Rasmussen Mikkel , Høgh Lene , Legind Christian , Kjellberg Jakob 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In Denmark, a 10-year plan for psychiatry has been agreed on. The content of the plan was developed in collaboration between the Danish Health Authority and the Danish Authority for Social Services and Housing, and it involved many stakeholders. Recently, the government presented a planned investment that would increase the overall budget in Danish regions and municipalities by almost 20 percent over a 10-year period. Epidemiological research demonstrating shortened life expectancy and high levels of burden of disease for people with mental disorders contributed to emphasizing the need for improvement of psychiatric services. User organizations, trade unions, and scientific societies in the field of mental health were unified in a common organization, called the Psychiatry Alliance, and this alliance agreed on common action points and acted together to influence politicians. An assertive approach toward politicians and media was pivotal, and being a first mover and presenting tentative budgets was very influential.
Srd5a1is Differentially Regulated and Methylated During Prepubertal Development in the Ovary and Hypothalamus
Authors: Bar-Sadeh Ben , Pnueli Lilach , Keestra Sarai , Bentley Gillian R , Melamed Philippa 
Published: August 2023

Abstract5α-reductase-1 catalyzes production of various steroids, including neurosteroids. We reported previously that expression of its encoding gene, Srd5a1, drops in murine ovaries and hypothalamic preoptic area (POA) after early-life immune stress, seemingly contributing to delayed puberty and ovarian follicle depletion, and in the ovaries the first intron was more methylated at two CpGs. Here, we hypothesized that this CpG-containing locus comprises a methylation-sensitive transcriptional enhancer for Srd5a1. We found that ovarian Srd5a1 mRNA increased 8-fold and methylation of the same two CpGs decreased up to 75% between postnatal days 10 and 30. Estradiol (E2) levels rise during this prepubertal stage, and exposure of ovarian cells to E2 increased Srd5a1 expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation in an ovarian cell line confirmed ESR1 binding to this differentially methylated genomic region and enrichment of the enhancer modification, H3K4me1. Targeting dCas9-DNMT3 to this locus increased CpG2 methylation 2.5-fold and abolished the Srd5a1 response to E2. In the POA, Srd5a1 mRNA levels decreased 70% between postnatal days 7 and 10 and then remained constant without correlation to CpG methylation levels. Srd5a1 mRNA levels did not respond to E2 in hypothalamic GT1-7 cells, even after dCas9-TET1 reduced CpG1 methylation by 50%. The neonatal drop in POA Srd5a1 expression occurs at a time of increasing glucocorticoids, and treatment of GT1-7 cells with dexamethasone reduced Srd5a1 mRNA levels; chromatin immunoprecipitation confirmed glucocorticoid receptor binding at the enhancer. Our findings on the tissue-specific regulation of Srd5a1 and its methylation-sensitive control by E2 in the ovaries illuminate epigenetic mechanisms underlying reproductive phenotypic variation that impact life-long health.
Role of high flow nasal therapy in Intensive Care Units
Authors: Wyszkowski Michał , Jaremek Anna , Kępa Joanna , Kandefer Norbert , Grabarczyk Aleksandra , Pawlak Anna , Grad Sylwia , Gregorek Małgorzata , Gregorek Paweł 
Published: August 2023

Introduction and purpose: High Flow Nasal Therapy is quite new respiratory support method, although recently it became more popular – especially during COVID-19 pandemic. Physiological mechanisms as well as main applications were observed and described in several randomized controlled trias and metaanalisys. The purpose of this review is to present fundamental studies and indicate applications of this method.
Brief description of the state of knowladge: Breathing mixture with a maximum flow 60l/min needs to be heated and humidified to protect the airways from dryness. Optimal humidity improves mucocilary clearance, reduces inflammation of the airways and energy expenditure, especially in acute respiratory failure. High flow nasal therapy may imrpove the mechanics of breathing also by washout of nasopharyngeal dead space and generating positive airway pressure during exhalation, which keeps airways open and prevents the alveoli from collapsing. High flow therapy can be use in many different applications but at Intensive Care Unit the most important are: acute hypoxemia, during extubation or rest breaks from NIV. It is important to monitor the patient and predict the need for intubation on time. There are physiological states that we shoud focus on: respiratory rate, dyspnea or work of breathing, but it is good to know ROX index which can be helpful to assess the success of the therapy.
Summary (conlcusions): High flow nasal therapy is a simple and safety respiratory support method that can be applicable at Intensive Care Units. It can lower the intubation numbers and help during NIV rest breaks. High flow nasal therapy is a very promising method for all patients with respiratory failure but it is important to monitor the patient and not delay the intubation.