bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of water resources pricing mechanism on global agricultural economy based on CGE model
Authors: Liu Biao , Liang Yaming 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Water resource (WR) is a complex and interrelated system, which integrates human development and environment. Water price research is gradually carried out under the background of resource economy research, which is an important part of natural resource price research. The main goal of the water price mechanism is to solve the problem of water resource allocation under the pressure of water supply and demand and realize the sustainable development of agricultural economy (AE). Faced with the dual pressure of rising water demand and declining water supply, many regions have begun to reform the water price mechanism and use the CGE model for scientific and reasonable resource allocation. To this end, this paper analyzed the drawbacks and the factors of WR pricing mechanism and used the CGE (Computable General Equilibrium for short here) model to study the upper limit of the pricing of resources, and then analyzed the problems of WR CGE model in agriculture, and finally optimized the problems. According to the experimental analysis, the pricing mechanism of WR under the CGE model can reasonably allocate resources, reduce water demand and promote the development of AE.
Suspended solid removal efficiency of plate settlers and tube settlers analysed by CFD modelling
Authors: Abeyratne W. M. L. K. , Weerakoon S. B. , Neluwala Panduka , Ratnaweera Harsha 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Removal of suspended solids from raw water is an essential process in water treatment plants. Conventional sedimentation tanks in water treatment plants occupy a large area and become expensive in urban areas. The use of plate settlers or tube settlers in sedimentation tanks to increase the efficiency and hence reduce the footprint of sedimentation tanks is an economical solution in water treatment. This study investigated the effectiveness of plate and tube settlers compared to conventional settlers in a water treatment plant. A three-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model was set up using ANSYS-CFX 17.2. Seven cases (a conventional settler, three plate settlers and three tube settlers) were analysed to compare the settler performances. The maximum removal efficiencies of all solid classes were approximately equal in plate and tube settlers with the same plate spacing and tube depth: around 100%, 67%, 28% and 9% for the solid classes with particle diameters of 41, 17, 9.5 and 5.0 µm, respectively. The settling efficiency remained unchanged with the increase of the plate settling area beyond 60% of the conventional settler area under the given tank and flow conditions. The tube cross-section shape does not affect the particle removal efficiency of a tube settler.
Development of a mathematical model for a microbial denitrification co-culture system comprising acetogenic bacterium Sporomusa ovata and denitrifying bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri
Authors: Pei Haoyi , Chen Dan , Jiang Hongxia , Xiao Zhixing 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Previous study has shown that co-culturing acetogenic bacterium Sporomusa ovata (SO), with denitrifying bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri (PS), is a promising strategy to enhance the microbial denitrification for nitrate-contaminated groundwater remediation. However, the mutual effects and reaction kinetics of these two bacteria in the co-culture system are poorly understood. In this study, a mathematical model for this co-culture system was established to fill this knowledge gap. Model simulation demonstrated that SO had a significant effect on the kinetics of denitrification by PS, while PS slightly affected the kinetics of acetate production by SO. The optimal initial HCO3-/NO3- ratio and SO/PS inoculation ratio were 0.77–1.48 and 67 for the co-culture system to achieve satisfied denitrification performance with less acetate accumulation. Finally, the minimum hydrogen supply was recommended when the initial bicarbonate and nitrate concentrations were assigned in the range of 2–20 mM and 2–4 mM for simulating the natural nitrate-contaminated groundwater treatment. These findings could provide useful insights to guide the operation and optimization of the denitrification co-culture system.
Elevated Left Ventricular Filling Pressure as an Early Predictor of Progression
of White-coat Hypertension to Sustained Hypertension
Authors: Rao D. Srinivasa , Durugu Sasank 
Published: April 2023

Background:
White-coat hypertension is commonly observed in subjects presenting with elevated office blood pressure measurements. Although white-coat hypertension does not require medication long-term, studies have observed progression to sustained hypertension in about 30% of individuals. Left ventricular diastolic abnormalities have been described in some individuals with white-coat hypertension and early hypertension. Objective: The present study is a prospective study of follow-up of individuals with white-coat hypertension and the correlation of left ventricular diastolic parameters as determinants of the development of sustained hypertension.

Materials and Methods:
Individuals diagnosed to have white-coat hypertension based on elevated office blood pressure measurements and normal ambulatory blood pressure measurements were included in the study and were evaluated by echocardiography for left ventricular diastolic function and filling pressures (E/A ratio, E wave deceleration time, E/E’ ratio). They were followed up for 1-year to assess for the development of sustained hypertension and to correlate with the initial echocardiographic parameters.

Results:
A total number of 32 individuals with white coat hypertension were followed up for 1 year period. Moreover, 25 (78.12%) subjects remained to be normotensive and 7 (21.88%) subjects developed sustained hypertension. There was no significant correlation between E/A, and E wave deceleration time in all the subjects. E/E’ ratio had a positive correlation (R-value 0.77) in subjects who developed sustained hypertension over a 1-year follow-up.

Conclusion:
Echocardiographic evaluation of left ventricular filling pressure by E/E’ ratio can be considered as an early predictor for the development of sustained hypertension in white-coat hypertension in a long-term follow-up.
Sternoclavicular Joint Osteomyelitis Post Implantable Cardioverter
Defibrillator Insertion: A Case Report
Authors: AlQattan Hussain M. , Alghamdi Rawan A , Arafat Amr A. , Shalaby Mostafa , Adam Adam I 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator is a rare source of sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) infection. Management of SCJ infection is challenging because of the joint's proximity to major vascular structures.

Case Presentation::
We presented a case of SCJ infection two years post implantable cardioverter-defibrillator insertion in a 70-year-old gentleman. We managed the patient successfully with minimal surgical debridement, followed by negative pressure suction and antibiotic therapy for eight weeks.

Discussion:
Management of SCJ after implantable ICD is still challenging. Few cases reported the possibility of negative wound suction to manage this condition after wound debridement. Our case may support the conservative approach to managing SCJ infection.

Conclusion:
SCJ infection can occur for a long time following ICD insertion. Wound debridement followed by negative wound therapy could be beneficial in the management of this condition
Review of the Synthesis, Reactions and Pharmaceutical Potential of Pyrido
[2,3-d]Pyrimidine Derivatives
Authors: El Malah Tamer , Abdel Mageid Randa E. , Shamroukh Ahmed H. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
The current review focused on the various methods for synthesizing pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives and the reactions of pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives with important pharmaceutical and biological activities.
Effect-Directed Assays and Biological Detection Approaches Coupled with
Thin-Layer Chromatography as an Evolving Hyphenated Technique: A
Comprehensive Review
Authors: Siddiquee Zoya , Parveen Rabea , Ahmad Sayeed 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Bioautography is a technique for the detection of biological activity that
combines the elements of planar chromatography. Its hyphenated variants are widely used in the
screening of natural products possessing biological activity. It can be used in the activity-based
screening of phytochemical ingredients by employing various enzyme processes and reactions and
facilitates the rapid determination of bioactive compounds in pant samples.

Objective:
To give a comprehensive overview of effect-directed assays and biological detection
approaches used in conjugation with thin layer chromatography technique. The present review article
attempts to throw light on the various aspects of bioautography, including its types and applications,
thereby giving its concise overview and its relevance in the field of natural product screening.

Methods:
Various search engines were used for the literature survey, including Google Scholar,
Semantic Scholar, PubMed, ResearchGate and Scopus.

Results:
Bioautography has wide-ranging uses in the screening of compounds such as antioxidants,
antifungals, antimicrobials, estrogenic, antitumors, and various enzyme inhibitors compounds like
α and β-glucosidase inhibitors and α-amylase inhibitors.

Conclusion:
Bioautography serves to be an effective tool for the isolation of bioactive phytochemicals,
thereby allowing us to scientifically validate the biological activities of various compounds,
which can then be utilized for making potent medications for various diseases.
Identification of CLIC5 as a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated
Immunomodulator for Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Bian Tingting , Zhang Wenyi , Wang Fengxu , Chu Xiuyu , Pan Xiaohui , Ruan Junpu , Yu Shali , Liu Lei , Sun Hui , Qiu Hongmei , Li Ye , Tang Juan , Zhao Xinyuan , Zhang Hongbing 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the most common pathological
types of lung cancer. The gene Chloride Intracellular Channel 5 (CLIC5) has an important role in
neurophysiology, cardiovascular biology, and tumour biology. Here, we explored the prognostic
value and immune infiltration of CLIC5 expression in LUAD patients.

Methods:
We extracted transcriptional LUAD data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and
the University of Alabama Cancer Database to explore CLIC5 expression profiles and their relation
to CLIC5 and clinicopathological parameters. The relationship between CLIC5 and survival time
was explored using Kaplan-Meier Plotter. Then, we integrated the data from TCGA and the Gene
Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to perform univariate and multivariate Cox regression. We
performed CLIC5 immunohistochemical staining on 167 lung adenocarcinoma samples for further
verification. In addition, we analysed the Gene Ontology (GO) database, Kyoto Encyclopaedia of
Genes and Genomes pathways and network analysis of protein-protein interactions in lung tissue,
to explore the potential mechanism of CLIC5. To analyse the correlation between immune infiltration
and CLIC5 expression, we first compared the expression of immune cells in tumour tissues
and normal tissues based on the TCGA and GEO databases. We found 51 immunomodulators related
to CLIC5 and structured their enrichment pathways as well as those of 50 correlated genes.
We used a Cox regression model to identify multiple-gene risk prediction signatures. Finally, we
assessed the prognostic accuracy of the risk scores via receiver operating characteristic curves.

Results:
CLIC5 expression levels were significantly lower in LUAD tissue than in normal tissue.
Lower CLIC5 expression was negatively correlated to the overall survival of LUAD patients based
on survival analysis. We identified CLIC5 as an independent prognosis predictor. Functional network
analysis suggested that CLIC5 is related to multiple pathways. CLIC5 expression is closely
related to infiltration levels of many immune cells and immune marker sets in LUAD patients.
Furthermore, the risk score based on immunomodulators related to CLIC5 was an independent
prognosis predictor in the TCGA lung cohorts.

Conclusion:
Our findings suggest that CLIC5 is a promising molecular marker for the prognosis
and immune infiltration of LUAD patients.
Drug-gut Microbiome Interaction in Atherosclerosis Therapeutics
Authors: Zhang Hao-Jian , Wang Yan , Jiang Jian-Dong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
Atherosclerosis (AS) is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease pathogenesis, and current
studies have found that the development of atherosclerosis is closely related to the intestinal microbiome. This review
describes the relationship between the development of atherosclerosis and the gut microbiome with its metabolites
and reviews the interactions between atherosclerosis-related drugs and the intestinal microbiome, especially the
in vivo metabolic effects of the intestinal microbiome on drugs related to the treatment of atherosclerosis, to provide
further understanding for the development of drugs based on the intestinal microbiome to treat atherosclerosis.
Plant-based Natural Products as inhibitors for Efflux Pumps to Reverse
Multidrug Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus: A Mini Review
Authors: Ramalingam Shalini , Chandrasekar Moola Joghee Nanjan , Krishnan Ganesh G.N. , Nanjan Moola Joghee 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
Wounds provide a favourable site for microbial infection. Wound infection makes the healing
more complex and does not proceed in an orchestrated manner leading to the chronic wound. Clinically
infected wounds require proper antimicrobial therapy. Broad-spectrum antibiotics are usually
prescribed first before going to targeted therapy. The current conventional mode of therapy mainly
depends on the use of antibiotics topically or systemically. Repeated and prolonged use of antibiotics,
however, leads to multidrug resistance. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common multidrugresistant
microorganism found in wounds. It effectively colonizes the wound and produces many toxins,
thereby reducing the host immune response and causing recurrent infection, thus making the
wound more complex. The overexpression of efflux pumps is one of the major reasons for the emergence
of multidrug resistance. Inhibition of efflux pumps is, therefore, a potential strategy to reverse
this resistance. The effective therapy to overcome this antibiotic resistance is to use combination therapy,
namely the combination of an inhibitor, and a non-antibiotic compound with an antibiotic for
their dual function. Many synthetic efflux pump inhibitors to treat wound infections are still under
clinical trials. In this connection, several investigations have been carried out on plant-based natural
products as multidrug resistance-modifying agents as they are believed to be safe, inexpensive and
suitable for chronic wound infections.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of Antioxidant Activities of 2-(1-(Substituted phenyl)ethylidene)-1-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hydrazines
Authors: Sihag Monika , Soni Rinku , Rani Neha , Kinger Mayank , Choudhary Manjusha , Aneja Deepak Kumar 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Pyrimidine and hydrazones are well known for their therapeutic applications.

Objective:
To investigate the antioxidant activities of compounds having pyrimidine and hydrazone motifs
in hope of finding molecules with robust antioxidant activities.

Methods:
Hydrazones were obtained by condensing pyrimidine hydrazine with aromatic ketones. The structures
of these compounds were established on the basis of NMR, FTIR and mass spectral data analysis.

Results:
All compounds were assessed for their antioxidant potential against DPPH, hydrogen peroxide,
nitric oxide and superoxide free radicals.

Conclusion:
A series of twelve 2-(1-(substituted phenyl)ethylidene)-1-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hydrazines
was synthesized and compounds 6d, 6e, 6h, and 6j found to have good antioxidant activities.
The Limping Child: A Guide for the Trainees
Authors: AlRohaimi Norah , Alkhalaf Hamad , Alqanatish Jubran 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
Limping is a common presenting complaint in children. Despite this, it remains to be a diagnostic challenge for treating physicians due to an expanded list of etiologies. It arises from a spectrum of disorders, ranging from physiological variations of gait at different stages of develop-ment to systemic causes, such as inflammatory diseases or musculoskeletal infections. On rare oc-casions, non-musculoskeletal causes could result in limping. The diagnostic challenge increases in younger age children where a detailed physical examination that helps identify the exact source of pathology may not be possible. In older patients who have a well-developed gait cycle, the physical assessment might be easier. Clinical assessment in a child presenting with a limp includes gait anal-ysis, which is essential to guide the appropriate request of diagnostic laboratory tests and imaging studies. In this paper, we provide a practical guide for a trainee in General Pediatric and Pediatric Rheumatology on an approach to a limping child, aiming to identify the common causes of limping and to describe normal and abnormal gait cycles. We also discuss other diagnostic considerations in the assessment of these children.
The Short-term Efficacy of Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) and Gd-
EOB-DTPA-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Fusion Imagingguided
Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) for Colorectal Liver Metastasis
(CRLM)
Authors: Li Lei , Zhang Lei , Han Xue , Li Xintong , Yang Huajing , Sun Ya-Nan , Cheng Wen 
Published: April 2023

Objective:
This study is to explore the efficacy of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) / Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
fusion imaging-guided(fusion group)radiofrequency ablation (RFA) versus conventional ultrasound imaging-guided (conventional group) RFA for
colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM) in a short-term.

Methods:
From December 2020 to December 2021, patients who underwent imaging-guided RFA of CRLM at our hospital with available CT/MRI images
were enrolled consecutively. 22 patients with 46 lesions had undergone conventional group RFA whereas 29 patients with 63 lesions had
undergone fusion group RFA. The lesion detection rate, technical success, local tumor progression (LTP) and complications were calculated.

Results:
In this retrospective study, 51 patients with 130 lesions were diagnosed with CRLM. However, there were 12 lesions and 9 lesions invisible in the
conventional group and fusion group, respectively. The lesion detection rate on the fusion imaging was significantly higher than on the US or
CEUS in the fusion group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences of the detection rate between the conventional group and the fusion
group (P=0.207). In both groups, the technical success rate was 100%. For local tumor progression (LTP), there were no significant differences
between the two groups (P>0.05). The complications after ablation had no significant differences between the two groups (P=0.97).

Conclusion:
CEUS/ Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI fusion imaging is a safe and effective method for RFA in the management of CRLM patients, and it may
improve the therapeutic effect by detecting small lesions early.
Clinical Value of Deep Vein Thrombosis Density on Lower-Extremity CT
Venography: Prediction of Pulmonary Thromboembolism
Authors: Jung Jae Hyeop , Kim Jin Kyem , Kim Taeho , Kim Dong Kyu 
Published: April 2023

Aim:
Diagnosis of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) can be delayed if the signs and symptoms of patients are nonspecific.

Introduction:
To assess the clinical value of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) density on computed tomography (CT) venography for predicting PTE.

Methods:
From 2016 to 2021, patients with DVT diagnosed on lower-extremity CT venography were included. Of these patients, those without PTE were classified into ‘DVT-only group’ and those with PTE were classified into the ‘DVT with PTE group’. The DVT Hounsfield unit (HU) density was measured by drawing free-hand region-of-interests within the thrombus at the most proximal filling defect level. The risk factors associated with PTE were identified by using multivariate logistic regression analysis. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate the value of DVT density for predicting the risk of PTE.

Results and Discussion::
This study included 177 patients with a mean age of 41.7 ± 10.3 years (DVT-only group: 105 patients; DVT with PTE group: 72 patients). DVT density was significantly higher in DVT with the PTE group than DVT-only group (66.8HU ± 8.7 vs. 57.9HU ± 11.1, p < 0.001). The ROC analysis revealed that the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity for predicting the risk of PTE were 0.737, 72.2%, and 66.7%, respectively, at a DVT density cutoff of 63.0 HU. On univariate and multivariate analysis, DVT density was the only significant risk factor associated with PTE.

Conclusion:
Higher DVT density was a significant risk factor for PTE. In addition, DVT density could be a predictive factor for PTE.
Volumetric Modulated Arc Radiotherapy Efficacy after Double Recurrences of
Cardiac Sarcoma
Authors: Rosario Pisani Antonio , Sardaro Angela , Maggialetti Nicola , Altini Corinna , Rubini Dino , Mammucci Paolo , Rubini Giuseppe 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) has recently become a pivotal treatment of oncological diseases due to the high-precise delineation of target volume contours with sparing organs at risk. This procedure requires a high level of experience and precision and is achievable only with advanced diagnostic support. Magnetic Resonance (MRI) and multimodality imaging, such as 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT), are fundamental in implementing radiotherapy guidance.

Case Report:
A 54-year-old patient underwent surgery twice to remove primitive and recurrent cardiac sarcomas of the left atrium. The appearance of a further
relapse required radiotherapy as the only possible treatment. Cardiac MRI was then performed to define the degree of atrial mass invasiveness, and
18F-FDG PET/CT was performed to assess the activity and staging of the cardiac lesion. It revealed high 18F-FDG uptake not only in the left
atrium lesion but also in a pancreatic lesion with elevated 18F-FDG uptake (SUV max 5.5). The pancreatic biopsy performed a few days later
confirmed the myxoid sarcoma metastasis, and surgeons defined it as not operable due to the patient�s clinical condition. Radiotherapy was then
urgently performed with the VMAT technique. After 40 days, a cardiac MRI showed a reduction in the cardiac mass with improvement in the
respiratory and cardiac symptoms; then, the patient started chemotherapy. One year after diagnosis, the patient is still alive and is receiving
chemotherapy with gemcitabine and docetaxel with good compliance.

Conclusion:
The correct and timely management of a patient suffering from a rare oncological disease has allowed a better and longer survival, especially due to VMAT, a sophisticated procedure that requires high expertise. This case also demonstrates that cardiac MRI and whole-body imaging procedures, such as 18FDG PET/CT, can be useful in staging patients with oncological diseases.