bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Training Students as Navigators for Patients Experiencing Homelessness
Authors: Liu Alison , Suarez Arlen , Lehnen Jamie , Mitchell Dalia , Ray Garrett , Lanier Heather , Golla Chandana , Bonner Natalie , Rossopoulos Thanos , Barrie Umaru , Pagels Patti , Day Philip , Gimpel Nora 
Published: January 2023

Background and Objectives: Despite the significant effects of homelessness on health, medical and health professions students rarely receive formal education in caring for individuals experiencing homelessness. We describe the implementation and evaluation of a novel student-run Patient Navigator Program (PNP) and its prerequisite elective that trains students in patient navigation principles specific to homelessness in the local community.
Methods: We analyzed pre- and postsurvey matched responses from students immediately before and after course completion. The survey utilizes the externally-validated instruments Health Professional Attitudes Toward the Homeless Inventory (HPATHI) and the Student-Run Free Clinic Project (SRFCP) survey. We examined differences using paired t tests and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Students also completed separate end-of-curriculum evaluation forms assessing satisfaction with the course.
Results: After completing the elective, students (n=45) demonstrated improvement in self-assessed attitude towards individuals experiencing homelessness (P=.03), specifically an increase in reported social advocacy (P&lt;.001); and an increase in self-perceived knowledge about (P&lt;.001), efficacy in working with (P=.01), and skills in caring for (P&lt;.001) underserved groups. The elective also received high student satisfaction ratings.
Conclusions: Formal education in patient navigation and caring for individuals experiencing homelessness improves self-assessed preparedness of future health care providers in serving homeless and underserved populations.
Educational Podcast Impact on Student Study Habits and Exam Performance
Authors: McCarthy James , Porada Kelsey , Treat Robert 
Published: January 2023

Background: Emerging technologies, trainees’ proficiency with digital resources, and the COVID-19 pandemic have increased the role of mobile and asynchronous learning methods in medical education. Educational podcasts have gained popularity in both formal curricula and independent learning, but their impact on educational outcomes has not been well studied.
Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of third-year medical students during pediatrics clerkship. An educational podcast series titled “Peds Soup” was introduced to students as a voluntary study resource. We surveyed students at the end of the rotation to assess study habits and perceptions of the podcast. We compared survey responses from podcast users and nonusers, and used standardized pediatrics subject examination scores to measure knowledge differences between groups.
Results: Eighty-three students participated in the study. Peds Soup listeners (n=43) reported spending significantly more time studying during clerkship (M=16.5, SD=9.0 vs M=12.4, SD=9.2 hours/week, P=.009) than nonlisteners. Users expressed positive views toward the podcast’s impact on introducing, reinforcing, and helping apply knowledge, and endorsed that Peds Soup made it easier to find time to study. Examination scores did not differ between the two groups.
Discussion: The podcast demonstrated a reaction-level impact, with users reporting positive attitudes toward the podcast’s impact and spending more time studying during pediatrics clerkship. Podcasts have strong potential as a supplement to existing curricula, where they can fill a need for interested learners. Future research should focus on the relationship between time spent and knowledge gain or utilize alternative measures of knowledge.
Minding the Archipelago: What Svalbard Means to NATO
Authors: Baudu Pauline 
Published: January 2023

Although the opportunity, form and level of NATO’s High North engagement have long been a matter of debate, the renewed invasion of Ukraine by Russia and its strategic implications at the global level have dragged a reunified NATO into the Arctic as a fait accompli. Yet, the Arctic is not one uniform bloc. When pondering its involvement, the Alliance should consider the particulars of each Arctic territory in its area of responsibility. The Svalbard archipelago, under the sovereignty of Norway -the most vocal advocate of NATO’s High North increased presence- is one of the Arctic areas falling under NATO’s responsibility. Global geopolitical trends, combined with Svalbard’s specific points of contention, may exacerbate the risk of conflict affecting the archipelago. This paper argues that NATO should consider the security concerns specific to Svalbard when pondering its High North involvement and highlights two elements that should be factored in the Alliance’s strategic and operational thinking over the archipelago. The first relates to the diverging interpretations of Article 9 of the Svalbard Treaty while the second lies in Svalbard’s vulnerability to gray-zone tactics due to its particular legal and geographical features. Bearing these particulars in mind, the paper provides key recommendations for NATO to adopt a tailored approach to the archipelago.
Impact of Ramadan Fasting on Metabolic Syndrome Criteria: Among Treated Hypertensive and Diabetic Females of Halabja
Authors: Farag Halgord Ali 
Published: January 2023

Background and aim
The effect of Ramadan fasting (RF) among Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) patients is still argumentative. However, the majority of evidences demonstrated a beneficial effect on nearly most of metabolic criteria reduce the risk of MetS. Hypoglycemia is a significant consequence of diabetes that has been linked to an elevated the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and hypertensions. However, conflicted results have been reported. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of RF on Metabolic criteria among treated hypertensive and diabetic patients.
Method
This prospective observational study was carried out in a group of 73 female patients with MetS aged (20-45) years were evaluated week before and after Ramadan month having hypertension and diabetics of more than 2 years. All attending to Halabja Hospital and were treated with one daily medication based on doctor prescription. The sample random technic was used to calculate sample size and the computed sample size. The eligibility criteria for female patients having diabetic and hypertension were based on the International Diabetic Federation (IDF) definition criteria. A fasting blood sample was obtained, blood pressure was measured and BMI was calculated, fasting blood sugar, lipid profile were analyzed on all blood sample.
Result
There was a significant weight reduction and WC decreased. This result has been reflected on BMI as well ( p ? 0.0001). The systolic and diastolic blood pressure showed significant changes during the month of fasting. Overall, Ramadan fasting was found to decrease fasting glucose level. With regards to changes in lipid profile, fasting Ramadan was found to significant decrease in TC, and TG level. There was no significant change in serum LDL-C after Ramadan compared to baseline, however, we found a decrease in serum HDL-C levels but this change were not paralleled by any significant changes.
Conclusions
This study shows a significant improvement in cardiovascular risk factors such as lipids profile, systolic blood pressure, weight, BMI and waist circumference in subjects with a previous history of hypertensions and hyperglycemia.
Presidential Threshold Ditinjau dari Undang-Undang Dasar Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945
Authors: Fernando Anggrek  , Hesti Armiwulan  , Didik Widitrismiharto  
Published: January 2023

Abstract— Presidential Threshold provisions which are used as additional requirements for political parties to be able to carry pairs of candidates for President and Vice President in a general election. Political parties by the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia are given the right to be able to independently or join other political parties (political party coalitions) to be able to nominate pairs of candidates for President and Vice President. Normatively, political parties are given rights by the constitution but since the enactment of the Presidential Threshold provisions, the constitutional rights of political parties cannot be fully implemented. With this provision, political parties may lose their rights as regulated in the constitution. This condition makes the Presidential Threshold provision contrary to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia.
Keywords: presidential threshold, political parties,general election.
Abstrak— Ketentuan Presidential Threshold yang dijadikan syarat tambahan bagi partai politik untuk dapat mengusung pasangan calon Presiden dan Wakil Presiden dalam sebuah pemilihan umum. Partai politik oleh UUD Negara RI 1945 diberikan hak untuk dapat secara mandiri atau bergabung dengan partai politik lain (koalisi partai politik) untuk dapat mengusung pasangan calon Presiden dan Wakil Presiden. Secara normatif, partai politik diberikan hak oleh konstitusi namun sejak berlakunya ketentuan mengenai Presidential Threshold, hak konstitusi partai politik tersebut tidak dapat dilaksanakan sepenuhnya. Dengan adanya ketentuan tersebut, partai politik dapat kehilangan haknya sebagaimana telah diatur dalam konstitusi. Kondisi tersebut membuat ketentuan Presidential Threshold bertentangan dengan UUD Negara RI 1945.
Kata kunci: presidential threshold, partai politik, pemilihan umum
UGT2B7 c.-161C>T polymorphism frequency in Croatian population
Authors: Božina Tamara , Karačić Ena , Ganoci Lana , Čuković-Čavka Silvija , Palić Jozefina , Božina Nada , Šimičević Livija 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase-2B7 (UGT2B7), enzyme responsible for the elimination of a number of xenobiotics through glucuronidation, is expressed in the gut, kidneys, intestines, and brain. However, data on the frequency of UGT2B7 polymorphisms in the Croatian population are limited. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of the UGT2B7 c.-161C>T (rs7668258) polymorphism in the Croatian population and to compare it with reported frequencies in other populations. This polymorphism is in complete linkage disequilibrium with the UGT2B7 c.802C>T (UGT2B7*2, rs7439366) variant, which is important in clinical medicine. The study reports data of 501 participants from University Hospital Centre Zagreb. All data were collected and analysed retrospectively. Genotyping was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the TaqMan® Drug Metabolism Genotyping Assay for UGT2B7 c.-161C>T (rs7668258). We found that 120 (23.95 %) participants were carriers of the UGT2B7 c.-161CC genotype and 255 (50.9 %) were heterozygous carriers (UGT2B7 c.-161CT), while 126 (25.15 %) were homozygous carriers of the variant allele (UGT2B7 c.-161TT). The frequency of the variant UGT2B7 c.-161C>T allele in this study was T=0.506. The frequency of the UGT2B7 c.-161C>T allelic variants and genotypes in the Croatian population is similar to other European populations.
Occupational exposure to silica dust in Slovenia is grossly underestimated
Authors: Margan Andrea , Verlak Dominika , Roj Gregor , Fikfak Metoda Dodič 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
As a by-product or material used in various industries crystalline silica contaminates the air many occupational settings. If its fine particles are inhaled, they are deposited in the lungs and may cause the development of silicosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and lung cancer. The goal of this study was to estimate occupational exposure to respirable crystalline silica (RCS) in Slovenia and the associated health risks. To do that, we ran two cross-sectional studies, one to determine the number of workers at risk of occupational exposure to RCS in Slovene industries and the other to determine and classify changes in the lung radiographs of glass factory workers exposed to RCS, as a means to infer health risks for other RCS exposed workers in Slovenia. However, the first study shows that official public data on occupational exposure to silica in Slovenia are unreliable and incomplete and that company representatives strongly underestimate occupational exposure to silica. Measurements of total and silica dust are made by 8.3 % and 1.8 % of companies working with silica, respectively. The second study shows that about a third of the exposed workers had lung changes associated with silicosis. We have failed to achieve the goal of our study, as the obtained data are grossly underestimated and unreliable, but it has opened our eyes as to what needs to be improved. All companies need to systematically be informed about occupational health risks, field inspections need to be consistent, regular, and intensified, and health surveillance of all exposed workers implemented regularly.
Cytotoxicity-related effects of imidazolium and chlorinated bispyridinium oximes in SH-SY5Y cells
Authors: Zandona Antonio , Zorbaz Tamara , Miš Katarina , Pirkmajer Sergej , Katalinić Maja 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Current research has shown that several imidazolium and chlorinated bispyridinium oximes are cytotoxic and activate different mechanisms or types of cell death. To investigate this further, we analysed interactions between these oximes and acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) and how they affect several signalling pathways to find a relation between the observed toxicities and their effects on these specific targets. Chlorinated bispyridinium oximes caused time-dependent cytotoxicity by inhibiting the phosphorylation of STAT3 and AMPK without decreasing ATP and activated ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK signal cascades. Imidazolium oximes induced a time-independent and significant decrease in ATP and inhibition of the ERK1/2 signalling pathway along with phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, AMPK, and ACC. These pathways are usually triggered by a change in cellular energy status or by external signals, which suggests that oximes interact with some membrane receptors. Interestingly, in silico analysis also indicated that the highest probability of interaction for all of our oximes is with the family of G-coupled membrane receptors (GPCR). Furthermore, our experimental results showed that the tested oximes acted as acetylcholine antagonists for membrane AChRs. Even though oxime interactions with membrane receptors need further research and clarification, our findings suggest that these oximes make promising candidates for the development of specific therapies not only in the field of cholinesterase research but in other fields too, such as anticancer therapy via altering the Ca2+ flux involved in cancer progression.
Combination of diaphragmatic breathing with therapeutic walking exercise to increase peak expiratory flow rate in asthma patients
Authors: Astuti Laily Widya , Huriah Titih 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of combined diaphragmatic breathing and therapeutic walking exercise on peak expiratory flow in asthma patients.

Methods: The research design used a quasi-experiment nonequivalent pretest and posttest design. The research sample contained 38 respondents divided into intervention and control groups, selected by simple random sampling. The control group received standard drug therapy, while the intervention group received standard drug therapy and a combination of diaphragmatic breathing and therapeutic walking exercise for 2 weeks. This exercise was carried out in the morning, 6 times a week, with 5 diaphragmatic breathing and exhalations per exercise. After that, a 1-min break was followed by a therapeutic walking exercise of 5–15 min, with an increased duration. Both groups measured the peak expiratory flow before and after the intervention using a peak flow meter. The data analysis used central tendency and t-test.

Results: The results showed that the mean peak expiratory flow in the intervention group was 306.84, while in the control group, it was 232.63, with the value of the t-test being −14.17 (P < 0.0001).

Conclusions: Diaphragmatic breathing and therapeutic walking exercise significantly increased the peak expiratory flow in asthma patients.
Predictive roles of organizational and personal factors in work engagement among nurses
Authors: Falguera Charlie C. , Labrague Leodoro J. , De Los Santos Janet Alexis A. , Firmo Carmen N. , Tsaras Konstantinos 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective: To determine the work engagement levels of hospital nurses and the predictive roles that nurses’ personal and organizational characteristics play.

Methods: A cross-sectional design was employed in this study, which included 549 nurses working in the Central Philippines. Nurses were selected through purposive sampling, and a self-report questionnaire outlining personal and organizational characteristics was employed. The Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) was applied to gather data about nurse engagement.

Results: The dedication score was the highest among the three dimensions of engagement while the vigor score was the lowest. Overall, Filipino nurses experienced an average level of work engagement. We observed significant relationships between a nurse’s age, years of experience in nursing, years in their present unit, and their position at work and their levels of engagement, vigor, sense of dedication, and absorption. Hospital capacity was a negative predictor of vigor, dedication, absorption, and overall work engagement. Further, the type of nursing contract was a negative predictor of vigor and dedication. The type of hospital and the nurse’s position were positive predictors of vigor, dedication, and absorption.

Conclusions: Filipino nurses were satisfactorily engaged at work. A number of nurses’ personal and organizational characteristics play a predictive role in their work engagement. Thus, nursing administrators must support, develop, and implement activities and measures that engage nurses at work.
Evaluation of the efficacy of Tian dan shu gan rehabilitation exercise in improving the short-term quality of life of patients with acute myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Qu Jia-Yan , Lu Jing-Bo , Shen Yong-Hong , Yao Rong , Meng Cai-Ping , Rong Li-Yuan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Tian dan shu gan rehabilitation exercise in improving the short-term survival quality of patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and explore whether patients’ symptoms, physical function, cognitive function, and psychosocial function are improved after this exercise.

Methods: Patients with acute myocardial infarction who underwent PCI in Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from August to November 2020 were selected. A total of 110 patients were selected by the convenience sampling method. Patients in the control group were given routine nursing measures after PCI for coronary heart disease, and patients in the experimental group received Tian dan shu gan rehabilitation exercise in addition to routine nursing.

Results: After 3 wk, the quality of life in the experimental group was improved compared with that in the control group, and the differences in symptom scores, physical functions, cognitive functions, and psychosocial functions were statistically significant (P < 0.01). After 3 wk of Tian dan shu gan rehabilitation exercise, patients with body mass index (BMI) between 27 and 29.9 had the highest score of body function, which was statistically significantly better compared with that of other groups (P < 0.001). Patients who had remained bachelors for a long period of time had the highest score of symptoms, which was statistically significant compared with the other groups (P < 0.001). The nursing satisfaction of the experimental group was 96.3%.

Conclusions:
Tian dan shu gan rehabilitation exercise was effective in improving the short-term quality of life of patients with acute myocardial infarction after PCI, and the nursing satisfaction rate was high, use of which should be further extended to more clinical patients.
Dehydration risk factors and outcomes in older people in rural areas
Authors: Shaban Mostafa , Habib Nagat , Helmy Inas , Mohammed Huda Hamdy 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective: To determine the risk factors for dehydration in elderly people in one of Elbehira Governorate’s villages.

Methods: A descriptive correlational design was utilized in this study. The study was conducted at Elnemaria village, Markaz Abo Elmatamir, Elbehira Governorate, Egypt. Data were collected using 3 tools: a structured interviewing questionnaire, a dehydration knowledge questionnaire, and a dehydration risk appraisal checklist.

Results: The study found that 29.5% of the participants were aged between 65 and 70. Males constituted 51% of the study participants. The majority of the study participants regularly took anti-acids, anti-inflammatory drugs, and diuretics. Among the elderlies comprising the respondents, 40% had a low level of knowledge regarding dehydration. More than half of the study subjects were at moderate risk for dehydration.

Conclusions: The study showed that half of the participants had diabetes and a medium level of information about dehydration. The study also showed in general that the elderly in the village are exposed to a moderate dehydration rate, and there is also a strong relationship between taking different types of medication and the occurrence of dehydration.
Knowledge of reproductive health rights and its associated factors among Wolkite University undergraduate students, Wolkite, southern Ethiopia
Authors: Mohammed Seid Jemal , Zergaw Eskindir Demisie , Mosaa Kenzudin Assfa , Mossa Keyredin Nuriye , Yesgat Yibeltal Mesfin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective: Reproductive health (RH) rights are the rights of all persons, regardless of age, sex, or other traits, and they have the freedom to make decisions about their sexuality and RH. However, there is limited information about Ethiopians’ understanding of RH rights. Because little is known about the degree of knowledge and relevant predictors in the study area, this study was carried out to fill in the gaps.

Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 3 January to 25 January 2021 G.C to determine the knowledge level of RH rights and its associated factors among Wolkite University undergraduate medical students. The minimum estimated sample size was computed by using the simple population proportion formula of 95% confidence interval (CI), with 5% of marginal error, which was 318 students. The students were stratified based on their academic year and department. Each student was selected from each department by using the simple random sampling method based on their ID numbers. Data were collected by using a pre-tested, structured self-administered questionnaire. Epi Info version 3.5.1 was used for data coding, entering, and cleaning, and then the data were exported to Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 for advanced analysis. The associated factors were identified by performing analysis for bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.

Results: More than half (56.33%) of the participants were knowledgeable about reproductive and sexual rights and participated in RH clubs (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 2.94, 95% CI: 1.46, 5.91). The paternal educational level (AOR: 2.89, 95% CI: 1.34, 5.65) had an association with the knowledge of reproductive health rights.

Conclusions: The students’ knowledge regarding reproductive and sexual rights was found to be little. The Ethiopia Ministry of Education has to include reproductive and sexual rights in the curriculum of high school and higher institution studies.