bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantifying Photodiode nonlinear characteristic induced by optical power and Voltage
Authors: Ye JiHong , Huang YongQing , Wang ZiCheng , Jiang Chen , Du JiaWei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A new mathematical model, optical-power-dependent model R(P), is proposed by investigating the nonlinearity of modified uni-traveling carrier photodiodes (MUTC-PD). Benefiting from this model, the harmonic power and output 3rd order intercept point (OIP3) of a photodiode can be calculated. Considering a bias voltage shift of the photodiode caused by a large voltage swing effect, the R(P) mathematical model is expanded into a voltage-related one, which is the optical-power-and-voltage-dependent model, R(P,V). The calculate results of both mathematical models are completely in accord with simulation results.
Foraging fidelity and individual specialization in a temperate bat Myotis Nattereri
Authors: Mordue Simone , Mill Aileen , Shirley Mark , Aegerter James 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This study explores whether Natterer's bats exhibit fidelity to their foraging sites and individual specialization in their use of habitat types. The research tracked 34 individual bats in two different landscapes, with some bats tracked twice over varying time intervals. The study found that Natterer's bats show consistency in their fidelity to foraging sites across different landscapes and intervals between observations. The bats repeatedly exploited specific foraging areas, and some showed individual specialization in their habitat use. The study also found considerable variation in individual behaviour. The research suggests that a single full night of radio-tracking data can serve as a useful proxy for longer periods and contribute to more robust descriptions of resource requirements by Natterer's bats in their breeding seasons. This study emphasizes the importance of maximizing the number of individuals from which movement data is obtained to inform conservation and management of temperate bats, while ensuring that the data represent a meaningful measure of behaviour. The results also suggest that protecting a mosaic of habitats rather than a single habitat may be important for Natterer's bats, given their individual specialization in habitat use.
Efficient and convenient integration by parts method ‘fixed UV, top derivative and bottom product’
Authors: Deng Shixiong Deng , Su Laidi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
lntegration by parts is an important part of indefinite integral. Mastering the operation skills and methods of integration by parts is the requirement of learning indefinite integral. Indefinite integral solution methods are various, and the traditional integral by parts method in the face of some complex problems is often very tedious, but also particularly easy to error and leakage, so I create an efficient and convenient integral by parts method, so an to improve students’ ability to analyze and solve problems.
Muscle glycogen metabolism is rapidly dysregulated in critical illness and associates with ICU acquired weakness
Authors: Jameson Tom S. O. , Wall Benjamin T. , Urban Tomáš , Krajčová Adéla , Bakalář Bob , Fric Michal , Jiroutková Kateřina , Džupa Valér , Gojda Jan , Porter Craig , Miznerová Barbora , Duška František , Stephens Francis B. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The association of perturbed skeletal muscle metabolism with ICU acquired weakness (ICUAW) is not clear. We characterised temporal changes in skeletal muscle mitochondrial function, ATP concentration, and substrate utilisation during and up to 6 months post ICU admission in critically ill patients enrolled into a randomised controlled trial of functional electrical stimulation-assisted cycle ergometry (FESCE) vs. standard care. To delineate mechanisms underpinning ICUAW we also compared the expression of genes involved in skeletal muscle mitochondrial function and substrate utilisation in the critically ill patients to control groups that had either undergone elective surgery or leg immobilisation (i.e. muscle disuse). The main finding was that mitochondrial function did not change 7 days or 6 months after ICU admission and was not impacted by FESCE. However, a 20% reduction in muscle ATP content by day 7 of ICU stay persisted after 6 months and was associated with ICUAW. Moreover, a 40% lower muscle glycogen and 2.5-fold greater muscle lactate were observed earlier at day 1 compared to elective surgery patients. These changes reflected expression of genes related to glycogen metabolism when disuse was accounted for, and of which a greater expression of the gene encoding glycogen phosphorylase (PYGM) was predictive of mortality. Muscle glycogen metabolism is rapidly dysregulated in critical illness and may contribute to ICUAW.
Improving Case Duration Accuracy of Orthopedic Surgery Using Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) on Radiology Reports
Authors: Zhong William , Yao Phil Y. , Boppana Sri Harsha , Pacheco Fernanda V. , Alexander Brenton S. , Simpson Sierra , Gabriel Rodney A. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose: A major source of inefficiency in the operating room is the mismatch between scheduled versus actual surgical time. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate a proof-of-concept study for predicting case duration by applying natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning that interpret radiology reports for patients undergoing radius fracture repair.
Methods: Logistic regression, random forest, and artificial neural networks (ANN) were tested without NLP and with bag-of-words. Another NLP method tested used ANN and Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers specifically pre-trained on clinical notes (ClinicalBERT). A total of 201 cases were included. The data were split into 70% training and 30% test sets. The average root mean squared error (RMSE) (and 95% confidence interval [CI]) from 10-fold cross-validation on the training set were used to develop each model. Models were then compared to a baseline model, which used historic averages to predict surgical time.
Results: The average RMSE was lowest using ANN with ClinicalBERT (25.6 minutes, 95% CI: 21.5 - 29.7), which was significantly (P<0.001) lower than the baseline model (39.3 minutes, 95% CI: 30.9 - 47.7). Using the ANN and ClinicalBERT on the test set, the percentage of accurately predicted cases, which was defined by the actual surgical duration within 15% of the predicted surgical duration, increased from 26.8% to 58.9% (P<0.001).
Conclusion: This proof-of-concept study demonstrated the successful application of NLP and machine leaning to extract features from unstructured clinical data resulting in improved prediction accuracy for surgical case duration.
Impact of transient non-Darcian flow on subsurface solute transport in low- permeability media
Authors: Li Xu , Guo Qiang , Wang Yanzhen , Zhu Qi , Zuo Konghui 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Solute transport in low-permeability geological formations such as clay is a complex and ubiquitous phenomenon. Traditional solute transport models have been proved to be inadequate for describing the processes of solute transport in low-permeability media due to transient non-Darcian flow. In this study, we developed a numerical model with non-Darcian flow, aquifer storage effect and temporally exponential hydraulic head to investigate the features of solute transport. The impacts of different parameters of the threshold pressure gradient, the specific storage and time-dependent hydraulic head on breakthrough curves (BTCs) were thoroughly analyzed. New insights indicate, firstly, for non-Darcian flow, a slight change of the threshold pressure gradient will lead to considerable change of BTCs, meaning that the impact of non-Darcian flow on solute transport in low-permeability media should not be ignored; secondly, aquifer storage effect leads to a large flow velocity near flow inlet; thirdly, a larger power index β means that hydraulic head increases faster, also resulting in faster solute transport; finally, the sensitivity analysis shows that the threshold pressure gradient plays a crucial role in solute transport of low-permeability porous. In general, the effects of transient non-Darcian flow are not negligible for describing the solute transport process in low-permeability media.
Association between COVID-19 and incidence of CVD and all-cause mortality among patients with diabetes
Authors: Jung Hee Sun , Choi Jae Woo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is higher in patients who are diagnosed with diabetes than in those who are not, research on the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in COVID-19 infected patients diagnosed with diabetes compared to those who are not infected by COVID-19 is lacking. This study aimed to examine the association between COVID-19, incidence of CVD, and all-cause mortality in patients with diabetes.MethodsThis study used data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment, and included 16,779 patients with COVID-19 and 16,779 matched controls between January 2017 and June 2021. The outcomes included cardiovascular disease (CVD), coronary heart disease, stroke, and all-cause mortality. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate these associations.ResultsPatients with diabetes hospitalised because of COVID-19 had a significantly increased risk of CVD (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 2.12; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.97, 2.27) than those without COVID-19. The risks of coronary heart disease (AHR, 2.00; 95% CI: 1.85, 2.17) and stroke (AHR, 2.21; 95% CI: 1.90, 2.57) were higher in the intervention group than in the control group. In the case of all-cause mortality for middle-aged adults, we observed a higher risk in diabetes patients hospitalised due to COVID-19 than in patients without COVID-19 (AHR, 1.37; 95% CI: 1.18, 1.59).ConclusionsThis study showed that patients with diabetes hospitalised due to COVID-19 had an increased risk of CVD, coronary heart disease, stroke incidence, and mortality than those who were not COVID-19 infected, suggesting more careful prevention and management among patients with COVID-19.Trial registration:Institutional Review Board of Health Insurance Review and Assessment (2023-018-001).
Migration-related inequalities in loneliness across age groups: A cross-national comparative study in Europe
Authors: Delaruelle Katrijn 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This study aims to contribute to the growing interest in the consequences of migration for loneliness by investigating the role of generational status across various age groups in countries with differing integration policies and attitudes towards immigrants, Using data from rounds 5, 6 and 7 of the European Social Survey, I conducted logistic multilevel models on a sample of 121,835 respondents aged 18 years and older, residing in 26 countries. Loneliness was assessed based on a single-item item question from the Center for Epidemiologic Studies of Depression scale. The findings suggest that individuals with a migration background are more likely to experience loneliness than those without. Within this group, I found that first-generation immigrants who arrived after the age of 18 are more vulnerable to loneliness than those who arrived earlier, although the latter still reported more loneliness than second-generation immigrants. Furthermore, migration-related inequalities in loneliness were greater among the youngest age group (18–34 years) and in countries with a more positive public stance towards immigrants. In sum, this study highlights the persistent challenges that migration poses for loneliness across generations and age groups, and emphasizes the need to extend research in this area beyond older adults. Moreover, it suggests that promoting a welcoming culture towards immigrants may have unintended consequences for loneliness gaps.
Sex Difference in the Prevalence and Associations among Hyperuricemia Adults in Rural Thailand: a Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Suwanchatchai Chawin , Khuancharee Kitsarawut , Tanunyutthawongse Chantra , Wannaiampikul Sivaporn , Haetanurak Photsathorn 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Hyperuricemia (HUA) is not only an important risk factor for gout but is also linked to hypertension, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. Although the prevalence of HUA is increasing, epidemiologic studies on HUA in the middle-aged and elderly populations are limited. The present study aimed to calculate the prevalence and evaluate the sex-related associations between metabolic parameters and HUA among middle-aged and elderly adults.Methods In a population-based cross-sectional study, we enrolled a total of 780 participants (men = 232 and women = 548) aged 40 years and over for health check-ups and examination surveys. The age-standardized prevalence of hyperuricemia was calculated by the direct method. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the potential associated factors with HUA.Results The prevalence of HUA was 30.9% (42% in men vs. 20% in women). The elderly adults were associated with a 35% increase in the prevalence of HUA. Obesity was found to be strongly associated with an increased prevalence of HUA in both sexes. Hypertriglyceridemia (51% increase in men vs. 23% increase in women), and high fasting glucose (90% increase in men vs. 49% increase in women) were also associated risk factors for HUA in both sexes. However, low high-density lipoprotein was only associated with a 67% increase in the prevalence of HUA in women.Conclusion The age-standardized prevalence of HUA among women is relatively lower than in men. This study also revealed that obesity is strongly associated with HUA in both men and women populations.
Host phylogeny and environment shape the diversity of the salamander skin microbiome
Authors: Ramírez-Barahona Santiago , González-Serrano Francisco , Martínez-Ugalde Emanuel , Soto-Pozos Angel , Parra-Olea Gabriela , Rebollar Eria 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The composition and diversity of animal-associated microbial communities are shaped by multiple ecological and evolutionary processes acting at different spatial and temporal scales. Skin microbiomes are thought to be strongly influenced by the environment due to the direct interaction of the host’s skin with the external media. As expected, the diversity of amphibian skin microbiomes is shaped by climate and host habitats, whereas phylogenetic effects appear to be weak. However, the relative strength of phylogenetic and environmental effects on amphibian skin microbiomes remains poorly understood. Here, we analysed sequence data from 1,091 adult salamanders in 41 species to characterise and compare the diversity and composition of skin bacteria. We assessed the relative contribution of climate, host habitat, and host phylogeny to the observed patterns of bacterial diversity. We found that microbial alpha was mainly associated with host habitat and climate, but that microbial beta diversity was more strongly associated with host taxonomy and phylogeny. This phylogeny effect predominantly occurred at intermediate levels of host divergence (0–50 Mya). Our results support the importance of environmental factors shaping the diversity of amphibian skin microbiomes, but also support host phylogenetic history as a major factor shaping these microbial communities.
Success rate of primary percutaneousballoon angioplasty in children withPulmonary Stenosis and Noonansyndrome
Authors: Rubbens Lukas , Muiño-Mosquera Laura , Panzer Joseph , De Wolf Daniel , De Wilde Hans , De Groote Katya , Meerschaut Ilse , De Wals Wendy , Bruyndonckx Luc , Vandekerckhove Kristof , Zaqout Mahmoud 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background and aim:
Noonan syndrome (NS) is associated with different types of heart defects of which a supravalvular pulmonary stenosis ((SV)PS) is the most frequent. Possible treatment options are percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty (BVP) or surgical intervention. Anatomical location of the PS may help predict BVP failure. We aimed to identify factors predicting treatment outcome and reintervention rate of BVP in PS, in children with NS.
Methods:
Medical records of children with a diagnosis of NS and in follow-up at Antwerp- and Ghent University Hospitals from 2000 to 2022 were retrospectively reviewed.
Results:
32 children were identified with a SVPS, either isolated or in combination with other heart defects. 69% of children with PS had SVPS. The prevalence of PS and SVPS was similar for all genes. An isolated SVPS was identified as a risk factor for intervention.
An intervention was necessary in 17/32 patients (53%). All but 2 children with pulmonary valve stenosis had SVPS. Only 2 of 17 patients had primary surgical repair. The remaining 15 (13 with SVPS) underwent BVP, of which 10 (67%) needed a second intervention, but all of them ultimately needed surgical repair. The global success rate of BVP was (31,1%).
Conclusion:
SVPS is the most frequent heart defect in children with NS. The prevalence of SVPS was similar for all genes. Isolated SVPS is a risk factor for intervention. The success rate of BVP in patients with NS is low. BVP might still be useful in selected cases and might be considered to clarify the anatomical location of PS.
A mosaic pathogenic variant in MSH6 causes MSH6-deficient colorectal and endometrial cancer in a patient classified as suspected Lynch syndrome: a case report
Authors: Walker Romy , Clendenning Mark , Joo Jihoon E. , Xue Jessie , Mahmood Khalid , Georgeson Peter , Como Julia , Joseland Sharelle , Preston Susan G. , Chan James M. , Jenkins Mark A. , Rosty Christophe , Macrae Finlay A. , Palma Stephanie Di , Campbell Ainsley , Winship Ingrid M. , Buchanan Daniel D. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Germline pathogenic variants in the DNA mismatch (MMR) repair genes (Lynch syndrome) predispose to colorectal (CRC) and endometrial (EC) cancer. However, mosaic variants in the MMR genes have been rarely described. We identified a likely de novo mosaic MSH6:c.1135_1139del p.Arg379* pathogenic variant in a patient diagnosed with suspected Lynch syndrome/Lynch-like syndrome. The patient developed MSH6-deficient EC and CRC at 54 and 58 years of age, respectively, without a detectable germline MMR pathogenic variant. Multigene panel sequencing of tumor and blood-derived DNA identified an MSH6 somatic mutation (MSH6:c.1135_1139del p.Arg379*) common to both the EC and CRC, raising suspicion of mosaicism. A droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) assay detected the MSH6 variant at 5.34% frequency in normal colonic tissue, 3.49% in saliva and 1.64% in blood DNA, demonstrating the presence of the MSH6 variant in all three germ layers. This study highlights the utility of tumor sequencing to guide sensitive ddPCR testing to detect low-level mosaicism in the MMR genes. Further investigation of the prevalence of MMR mosaicism is needed to inform routine diagnostic approaches and genetic counselling.
Oncolytic Alphaherpesvirus and Myeloid-Tropic Cytomegalovirus Cooperatively Enhance Systemic Antitumor Responses
Authors: Jiang Haifei , Nace Rebecca , Ariail Emily , Ma Yejun , McGlinch Erin , Ferguson Coryn , Carrasco Talia Fernandez , Packiriswamy Nandakumar , Zhang Lianwen , Peng Kah Whye , Russell Stephen J. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Oncolytic virotherapy aims to activate host antitumor immunity, but the effectiveness of current intratumoral herpes-simplex virus (HSV) based monotherapy is limited. Here, to boost the potency of cancer cell targeting α-herpesviruses derived from HSV or Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV), we coinjected them with myeloid cell-tropic β-herpesviruses derived from cytomegalovirus (CMV) which can powerfully modulate immune responses. Co-administered CMV was shown to promote intratumoral replication of HSV, increase local release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, inhibit adaptive antiviral immune responses, enhance systemic antitumor responses, and lead to superior control of both injected and contralateral tumors. CMV-encoded myeloid-tropic genes, NK evasins (i.e. the vMHC-I homolog), and the m02-m16 region (involved in downregulating classical MHC-I) were implicated in enhancing antitumor activities. CMV is a promising adjuvant to reshape and enhance the antitumor immune responses following α-herpesvirus therapy.
Three-dimensional volumetric investigation of Onodi cells: a multi-slice computer tomography study
Authors: Dieguez Flávia Limberg , De Rosa Catharina Simioni , Braz-Silva Paulo Henrique , Lopes Sérgio Lucio Pereira Castro , Costa Andre Luiz Ferreira 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate and evaluate the volumetric variation of OCs by using multi-slice computer tomography (MSCT) scans.
Methods: A retrospective review of MSCT scans of 79 subjects was performed, in which 40 were males, 39 were females, age range was 18 to 83 years and mean age was 39.6 years. The volumes of OCs on the right and left sides were measured by using ITK-SNAP open-source software with semi-automatic segmentation. The possible relationships among age, gender, contact with optic nerve, extension of the pneumatization of posterior ethmoid cells into the clinoid processes, mucous thickening in the anterior and posterior ethmoid cells and obliteration of the sphenoethmoidal complex were analysed with Pearson's correlation and chi-square tests according to type of compared data and logistic regression models (P < 0.05).
Results: It was observed that an increase of one unit in the volume of OCs also increases the chance of extension of pneumatization into the clinoid processes by 0.15% (P = 0.001). No significant correlations were identified between age, gender and volume of OCs.
Conclusion: The volume of OCs has effects on the extension of pneumatization into the clinoid processes.
Exploring the Impact of Recurrent Neural Networks on Image Classification and Optimizing Neural Configuration
Authors: Uddin Abdul Hasib 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this research, we delve into the unexplored potential of Long Short-term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) networks in the field of Computer Vision (CV). With the trend of Deep Learning methods shifting towards complex Neural Network architectures, researchers have acknowledged the efficacy of Dense and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in CV tasks, while Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) have been proven to be effective in Natural Language Processing (NLP) problems. Despite some recent developments in blending RNN with CNN for NLP, there have been very few attempts in applying RNN-based approaches in CV. To address this gap, we take a unique in order to develop LSTM and GRU models by tuning the number of layers and number of neurons in each layer. The models are then applied to multiple benchmark datasets (Fashion-MNIST, MNIST, EMNIST-Letters, EMNIST-Digits, Kuzushiji-MNIST, and Kuzushiji-49). Our experimental results indicate that LSTM and GRU networks significantly outperforms corresponding CNN and Dense networks with optimal number of parameters. Our findings suggest that RNN (LSTM and GRU) can be valuable alternatives to CNN and Dense networks for image classification problems in CV. This study presents a new direction for further research in the field and highlights the potential of LSTM and GRU networks in CV tasks.