bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system activation in plasma as marker for prognosis in critically ill patients with COVID-19: a prospective exploratory study
Authors: Krenn Katharina , Kraft Felix , Mandroiu Luana , Tretter Verena , Reindl-Schwaighofer Roman , Clement Theresa , Domenig Oliver , Vossen Matthias G. , Riemann Gregor , Poglitsch Marko , Ullrich Roman 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) associated with coronavirus infectious disease (COVID)-19 has been a challenge in intensive care medicine for the past three years. Dysregulation of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) is linked to COVID-19, but also to non-COVID-19 ARDS. It is still unclear whether changes in the RAS are associated with prognosis of severe COVID-19.

Methods
In this prospective exploratory study, blood samples of 94 patients with COVID-19 were taken within 48 h of admission to a medical ward or an ICU. In ICU patients, another blood sample was taken seven days later. Angiotensin (Ang) I-IV, Ang 1–7, Ang 1–5 and aldosterone concentrations were measured with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) followed by calculation of markers for activities of renin (PRA-S) and ACE (ACE-S), alternative RAS activation (ALT-S) as well as the ratio of aldosterone to Ang II (AA2R). Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and ACE2 concentrations were measured by LC–MS/MS-based assays. All RAS parameters were evaluated as predictors of 28-day and 60-day survival using receiver operating characteristic and multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results
AA2R at inclusion was a predictor of 60-day survival for ICU patients with an AUROC of 0.73. Ang II and active ACE2 were inversely associated with survival (OR 0.07; 95%CI 0.01, 0.39 and OR 0.10; 95%CI 0.01, 0.63) while higher Ang 1–7 predicted favorable outcome (OR 6.8; 95%CI 1.5, 39.9). ICU patients showed higher concentrations of all measured angiotensin metabolites, PRA-S, ALT-S and active ACE2, and lower ACE-S and AA2R than patients in the medical ward at inclusion. After seven days in the ICU, Ang I, Ang II, Ang III and Ang IV concentrations decreased, while ACE and ACE2 levels increased. Ang I, PRA-S, Ang 1–7 and Ang 1–5 concentrations correlated with the SOFA score both at the time of inclusion and after seven days, and driving pressure after seven days.

Conclusions
AA2R at inclusion predicted 60-day survival with moderate sensitivity, revealing a dissociation between unchanged aldosterone and increased Ang II levels in the most severely ill COVID-19 patients. After adjustment for confounders, Ang 1–7 as the final metabolite of alternative RAS was predictive for survival.
Systematic review of the application of the Kidney Failure Risk Equation and Oxford classification in estimating prognosis in IgA Nephropathy
Authors: Toal M. P. , Fergie R. , Quinn M. P. , Hill C. J. , O’Neill C. , Maxwell A. P. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis in the world and is an important cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and kidney failure. Outcomes are heterogeneous, and accurate risk stratification is important to identify the highest risk individuals for treatment and to help prevent disease progression. The Oxford classification (OC) is an internationally adopted standard for renal biopsy reporting in IgAN, which measures the degree of histological abnormalities and predicts prognosis. The kidney failure risk equation (KFRE) was developed to predict kidney failure in all causes of CKD and has been shown to be highly accurate across diverse etiologies. This review aimed to compare the KFRE with formulae incorporating the OC in accurately determining the risk of kidney failure in IgAN.

Methods
A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Cochrane library guidelines and PRISMA statement for reporting of systematic reviews. Studies comparing the accuracy of the KFRE with the OC in predicting disease progression and kidney failure in IgAN were evaluated. The search strategy and analysis were performed independently by two reviewers. Studies that were eligible for inclusion compared the KFRE with any tool incorporating the OC in a cohort of individuals with IgAN. Eligible outcomes were reduction of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) or end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and prognostic tools were required to assess the accuracy of these formulae by discrimination and/or calibration.

Results
After searching several databases, only one study was eligible for inclusion in the review. This study of 2300 Chinese individuals with IgAN had a median follow-up of 2.5 years. Two-hundred eighty-eight individuals had a composite outcome of 50% decline in eGFR or ESRD, and 214 individuals developed ESRD. Both the KFRE and the IgAN Risk Prediction (IRP) tool (incorporating the OC) were highly accurate at predicting ESRD with a C-statistic of 0.90 and 0.91, respectively. Subgroup analysis demonstrated improved performance of IRP over KFRE in discrimination for individuals with preserved eGFR (> 60 ml/min/1.73 m2) at baseline. The risk of bias was high due to insufficient follow-up and handling of missing data, so overall confidence in findings is very low.

Conclusion
There is currently insufficient evidence to compare the accuracy of the KFRE and OC in determining outcomes in IgAN. Further research is required in this field.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42022364569.
Comparative Efficacy of Ventriculosubgaleal Shunt Versus Ventricular Reservoir in Achieving Shunt Independence for Infants With Posthemorrhagic Hydrocephalus by 6 Months
Authors: Khalid Syed I. , Hukamdad Mishaal , Chiu Lucinda , Adachi Kaho , Zhang Lu , Scoville Jonathan , Lam Sandi 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Low-birth weight, premature infants often have severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), which can result in posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH), sometimes requiring cerebrospinal fluid diversion. Initial temporizing management of PHH includes placement of a ventriculosubgaleal shunt (VSGS) or ventricular access device (VAD). Studies have found similar permanent shunt conversion rates between VSGS and VAD but were limited by sample scope and size. The rate of conversion to permanent shunt within 6 months post-IVH in premature infants, comparing the efficacy of VSGS and VAD, remains underexplored.

METHODS:
This retrospective study used International Classification of Diseases-10 codes in the PearlDiver Mariner database to analyze the medical records of premature infants diagnosed with grade 3 or 4 IVH who underwent VAD or VSGS treatment. A 2:1 matching process was used to control demographics, IVH severity, degree of prematurity, and associated respiratory or gastrointestinal conditions. We assessed the rates and odds of conversion to permanent shunts within 6 months, using Kaplan-Meier plots for shunt-free probability and log-rank tests for distribution comparisons.

RESULTS:
Our matched analysis included 222 infants (VAD, n = 145, VSGS, n = 77) and demonstrated no difference in the proportion of gender, respiratory conditions, necrotizing enterocolitis, extreme prematurity, and Grade III or IV IVH. The odds of requiring a permanent shunt were significantly lower in the VSGS group compared with the VAD group within 6 months (odds ratio: 0.22, 95% CI [0.12, 0.41], P < .001). From day 60 onward, Kaplan-Meier plots indicated a notable divergence in shunt-free probability within 6 months (Log-Rank P < .001).

CONCLUSION:
This study highlights a significant reduction in the need for permanent shunt placement within 6 months for post-IVH in premature infants who underwent VSGS vs VAD, suggesting that VSGS may be a more favorable temporizing procedure for managing PHH in this vulnerable population.
Comparison of classical and flowcytometric osmotic fragility and flowcytometric eosin-5-maleimide binding tests in diagnosis of hereditary spherocytosis
Authors: Gülüm Cemil , Eroğlu Pelin , Temel Gülhan , Tombak Anıl , Ünal Selma 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is the most common congenital hemolytic anemia in Northern Europe and North America. Damaged or deficient proteins in the erythrocyte membrane cause the condition, leading to a decrease in the surface area and volume of erythrocytes. Specialists traditionally use the osmotic fragility test (C-OF) for diagnosis. Researchers have developed new methods for flow cytometry-based tests that are the eosin-5-maleimide binding (EMA) and osmotic fragility (FC-OF) tests. In this study, we aimed to determine and compare the power of discrimination of FC-OF, EMA, and C-OF tests. Another purpose is to investigate the effect of incubation.

Methods
We performed both real-time and incubated C-OF, EMA, and FC-OF on 20 patients diagnosed with HS and 30 healthy controls. We diagnosed HS based on family history, spherocytes, and clinical and lab findings.

Results
We found that the success of all tests in the classification was statistically significant (p<0.001). The discriminatory power of C-OF was not different from that of EMA and FC-OF. FC-OF discriminated better than EMA. Incubation increased C-OF performance and decreased EMA and FC-OF performance.

Conclusions
We think FC-OF should be preferred. Because it has higher discrimination power, specificity, and sensitivity. It gives faster results, costs less, and needs less labor. The lack of flow cytometer devices in every center is the biggest handicap of FC-OF and EMA. But we think that the FC-OF method can be adapted to hemogram devices available in every center in the future.
A demonização das imagens do outro
Authors: Sardelich Maria Emilia , Santos Ingrid Ferreira dos 
Published: January 2025

Este artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre gestos de insurgência praticados contra produções artísticas em cidades brasileiras no século XXI e, mais especificamente, contra o mural Do Orun ao Aiye: Afrika Elementar, produzido por Nathê Ferreira, Adelson Boris e Emerson Crazy, na cidade do Recife em 2021. A partir de uma revisão bibliográfica, explora os quereres das imagens e possíveis gestos insurgentes contra elas. Conclui que o gesto insurgente de demonização contra o mural analisado não sinaliza apenas uma motivação religiosa, mas revela a persistência de um regime racializado de representação e estereotipagem contra as populações negras, que pode colocar em risco a integridade do patrimônio artístico das cidades brasileiras.
Pemberdayaan Kader Posyandu Untuk Gencarkan Imunisasi Wujudkan Desa Zero Kasus Penyakit yang Dapat Dicegah Dengan Imunisasi (PD3I)
Authors: Muntafiah Alfi , Inayati Nor Sri , Fadlilah Synta Haqqul , Oliviany Windy , Santosa Qodri 
Published: January 2025

Imunisasi merupakan upaya pencegahan dan pemberantasan penyakit paling cost effective melalui pemberian kekebalan tubuh. Upaya ini perlu dilaksanakan kontinyu, menyeluruh, dan sesuai standar sehingga mampu memberikan perlindungan kesehatan dan memotong rantai penularan. Hasil penelitian melalui kuesioner dan wawancara terhadap kader di desa binaan didapatkan adanya hambatan kader dalam imunisasi di Posyandu diantaranya masalah acceptance publik mengenai imunisasi. Masih banyak ibu balita yang tidak mau anaknya diimunisasi karena berbagai alasan. Hal ini dikhawatirkan dapat menurunkan cakupan imunisasi dan memunculkan kerawanan KLB di masa mendatang. Keterbatasan pengetahuan dan keterampilan mengenai imunisasi juga dialami kader. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan sasaran kader Linggasari. Metode kegiatan: 1) Edukasi imunisasi; 2) Pelatihan skill konseling imunisasi. Hasil edukasi menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan hasil pre-post test, yang menjadi bukti bahwa kegiatan ini berhasil mencapai tujuan dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan kader. Melalui kegiatan pelatihan konseling, kader diharapkan dapat membantu masyarakat memahami manfaat imunisasi dan mengatasi kekhawatiran dan keraguan masyarakat.
Penggalangan Komitmen Banyumas Dalam Mencegah Thalassemia Menuju Banyumas Goes To Zero Thalassemia 2030
Authors: Sulistyowati Erna Husein , Grehastuti Widyana , Faiza Dinar , Novia Dani Esti , Suprihatin Suprihatin , Purwoko Ari , Aminah Siti 
Published: January 2025

Thalassemia merupakan penyakit genetik yang memerlukan perhatian serius di Kabupaten Banyumas. Dengan jumlah penderita yang terus meningkat, diperlukan upaya pencegahan yang komprehensif dan berkelanjutan. Kegiatan sosialisasi ini bertujuan untuk menggalang komitmen seluruh pemangku kepentingan dalam upaya pencegahan thalassemia di Banyumas. Metode yang digunakan adalah sosialisasi massal dengan mengundang 150 peserta dari berbagai elemen masyarakat. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan antusiasme yang tinggi dari peserta, tercermin dari diskusi interaktif dan pertanyaan yang diajukan. Kegiatan ini berhasil meningkatkan pemahaman dan kesadaran peserta tentang pentingnya pencegahan thalassemia, serta menghasilkan komitmen bersama untuk mendukung program "Banyumas goes to Zero Thalassemia 2030". Kesimpulannya, sosialisasi ini merupakan langkah awal yang penting dalam upaya pencegahan thalassemia di Banyumas, namun diperlukan tindak lanjut dan kerja sama yang berkelanjutan dari seluruh pihak untuk mencapai tujuan yang diharapkan
Degree and eccentricity based topological indices of some Benzophenone derivatives and their applications
Authors: Padmapriya Puttaswamy , Pooja Shivashankar , Gokul Rajeev Vidya , Sangamesha Madanahalli Ankanathappa , Venkataravanappa Lakshmi Ranganatha , Cangul Ismail Naci 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Chemical graph theory is the application of discrete mathematics to chemistry applied to model, physical and biological properties of chemical compounds. Various topological indices which are derived from graph theory can model the geometric structure of chemical compounds. Several of these topological indices are used to construct boiling point models for alkanes with 1-12 carbon atoms. The models are used to predict the boiling points of a set of alkanes with 13-22 carbon atoms. Similarly, melting point models are considered for a family of alkanes having 10-20 carbon atoms and only one methyl group. Methyl-substituted alkanes such as these are especially important in the production of diesel and jet fuels since they enable a lower pour point for the resulting synthetic fuels. All models produced in this manner may be used to predict physical properties of compounds for which no experimental data exist. In this paper we found predicted melting point of benzophenone derivatives.
The effect of microwave radiation on egg and larval stages of the almond moth Cadra cautella (Walker) and the nutritional value of the dates
Authors: Abbood Naseer Malaky , Al-Yaqoubi Hussein Saleh , Albadry Majid A. Z. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The mortality rates of 24-hour eggs almond moth Cadra cautella were significantly affected by microwave radiation; the maximum mortality rates of 100% occurred at 15, 20, and 25 seconds exposure for the 600 watt power level, while the kill rate of 100% occurred for 48-hour eggs at 20 and 25 seconds exposure for the 600 watt power level. The incubation period of eggs was likewise impacted by microwaves. Microwaves affected the mortality rates of the almond moth larvae's first-instar, which reached 100% at 600 watt of power and exposure times of 15, 20, and 25 seconds at 400 watt of power and exposure times of 25 seconds. Radiation has a significant effect on the duration of the larval stage, wherein the duration of the larval stage increased with increasing exposure period to microwaves. The highest mortality rate for larvae in the fifth instar (96.67%) at power level 600 watt and period of exposure 25 seconds and significant differences with the treatment of control which amounted to 0%. The results demonstrated that the date components of protein and carbohydrates were not significantly impacted by the microwaves at the power levels and exposure times employed, all values were near to one another, and there was no significant difference from the control treatment.
Medical Digital Twins for Personalized Chronic Care
Authors: Papazoglou Michael P. , Krämer Bernd J. , Raheem Mira , Elgammal Amal 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This work introduces the concept of Patient Medical Digital Twins (PMDTs) to simulate treatment outcomes, optimize drug dosages, and deliver personalized chronic care. The PMDT model, supported by an interconnected ecosystem, is validated iteratively by medical institutions to ensure its efficacy and applicability. At its core, the PMDT leverages expressive knowledge structures to capture a patient’s psychosomatic, cognitive, biometric, and genetic data, creating a comprehensive personal digital footprint. This enables medical professionals to run simulations predicting health issues over time and to proactively implement personalized preventive interventions. The PMDT ecosystem integrates big data analytics, continuous monitoring, cognitive simulation, and AI technologies. By connecting stakeholders across the care continuum, it provides deeper insights into a patient’s medical history and supports informed, shared decision-making. Validated in a pilot study through an EU-funded healthcare initiative, the PMDT demonstrates its transformative potential at the intersection of Big Data and AI, positioning itself as a critical tool for advancing personalized preventive care.
Instrumentos de avaliação do pé diabético
Authors: Paixão Luiza dos Santos Souza , Camacho Alessandra Conceição Leite Funchal 
Published: January 2025

Introdução: o pé diabético configura-se como uma das principais complicações da diabetes e mais temidas, que traz prejuízos significativos na vida das pessoas e um grave impacto nas unidades de saúde e sociedade. A avaliação precoce de lesões e/ou alterações nos pés é imprescindível com vistas a evitar complicações. Objetivo: identificar os instrumentos metodológicos utilizados na avaliação de complicação do pé diabético. Materiais e Métodos: revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bases de dados LILACS, BDENF, MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS e Bireme, utilizando os vocábulos pé diabético, instrumento, avaliação e diabetes mellitus. O período de condução do estudo compreendeu de novembro a dezembro de 2023, conforme as recomendações do PRISMA. Resultados: 06 artigos e instrumentos compuseram a revisão, publicados entre 2017 e 2023. Deste total, 04 (66,7%) do tipo aplicativo móvel e 02 (33,3%) tradicionais impressos, elaborados e/ou adaptados para que se enquadrassem aos estudos. Discussão: dados oriundos de pesquisas corroborando a importância da avaliação de complicação do risco de pé diabético com a utilização dos instrumentos; a validação como certificação de confiabilidade e a tecnologia como ferramenta na utilização de aplicativos, compuseram a fundamentação deste tópico. Considerações finais: A análise dos instrumentos de avaliação de complicação de pessoas com DM e pé em risco possibilitou sua descrição e o conhecimento de suas características, assim como funcionalidades, dando ênfase a evidência de instrumentos do tipo tecnológicos, provenientes de aplicativos móveis, sendo estes validados, o que promove maior assertividade e confiabilidade para sua utilização na elaboração de estudos, assim como na prática assistencial.
Palavras-Chave: Pé diabético; Instrumento; Avaliação; Diabetes Mellitus.
The Effect of Body Composition on Aerobic Fitness Levels and Hemodynamic Factors in Children: A Review of Literature
Authors: Lukhele Ncomi Primrose , Millard Lourens , Breukelman Gerrit Jan , Mathunjwa Musa Lewis 
Published: January 2025

The benefits of physical activity (PA) are well established. However, the majority of children worldwide fail to meet the recommended weekly requirements for PA, which are essential for enhancing cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and maintaining a healthy weight for their age. The present review evaluated published work in an effort to study the effects of body composition on aerobic fitness levels and hemodynamic factors in children.
Studies were retrieved from the following databases: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PubMed (2013-June 2024), Google Scholar, Scopus, Science Direct, EBM Reviews, Current Contents, CISTI Source (2011-June 2024), Sports Discuss (2019-June 2024), and international e-catalogues. Search analysis from these periods represents recent developments, ensuring that the review reflects up-to-date understanding in the field. This helps incorporate the latest methodologies, findings, and technological advancements, and strengthens the validity of this review. The population consists of children from both industrialized and developing nations. The selected study designs were cross-sectional, longitudinal, cohort, review, and systematic review. The analysis of research entailed reading titles, abstracts, and complete texts. Following these processes, thirty articles were considered for review. The broad investigation aims to reveal the effects of body composition on aerobic fitness levels and hemodynamic parameters in preventing childhood obesity. The search strategy, as well as Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) phrases and keywords, were used to effectively route significant papers addressing childhood obesity. The relevant terms were “body composition,” “overweight,” “obesity,” “physical activity,” “heart rate,” “blood pressure,” “aerobic fitness”, “nutrition,” “cardiovascular disease,” and “children aged 10-18 years old.”
We discovered 12972 publications related to childhood obesity, hemodynamic variables, physical activity (PA), and aerobic fitness; however, 9194 articles were deleted due to duplication. The number of studies left after removing duplicates was 3778. Furthermore, 1657 articles were removed because they were not in English, 1240 articles had no full text available, and 809 articles only included abstracts. Moreover, the full text was reviewed for eligibility, which included 42 reference reviews and 18 titles. Finally, 30 articles were deemed eligible for review
The existing literature suggests that additional investigation is warranted to delineate a precise course of action for mitigating the risks associated with childhood obesity. This entails placing a heightened emphasis on the significance of children engaging in aerobic fitness activities.
IMPLEMENTASI METODE PROMETHEE UNTUK REKOMENDASI SAHAM LAYAK INVESTASI BERBASIS APLIKASI PENUNJANG KEPUTUSAN
Authors: Prabowo Rohman 
Published: January 2025

Abstrak. Sistem informasi berbasis web untuk penunjang keputusan rekomendasi saham yang layak untuk investasi merupakan upaya membantu para investor saham di Indonesia. Data sekunder diakses dari website https://stockbit.com/ dan mengambil sampel emiten dari sektor energi, yaitu ADRO, PTBA, PGAS, ITMG, dan HRUM. Sistem mengimplementasikan metode Promethee untuk menentukan peringkat saham berdasarkan kriteria rasio keuangan, yang meliputi PER, PBV, ROE, DER, dan DY. Hasil dari sistem ini diharapkan mampu memberikan rekomendasi yang objektif dan membantu investor membuat keputusan investasi yang lebih tepat serta memberikan gambaran komprehensif tentang valuasi, profitabilitas, struktur modal, dan potensi imbal hasil.Abstract. A web-based information system for supporting stock recommendation decisions worthy of investment is an effort to help stock investors in Indonesia. Secondary data is accessed from the website https://stockbit.com/ and takes a sample of issuers from the energy sector, namely ADRO, PTBA, PGAS, ITMG, and HRUM. The system implements the Promethee method to rank stocks based on financial ratio criteria, which include PER, PBV, ROE, DER, and DY. The results of this system are expected to provide objective recommendations and help investors make more informed investment decisions as well as provide a comprehensive overview of valuation, profitability, capital structure, and potential returns.