bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dünne Schichten metallorganischer Gerüstverbindungen als ideale Matrizes für die Azid‐Photolyse im Vakuum
Authors: Song Jimin , Yu Xiaojuan , Nefedov Alexei , Weidler Peter G. , Grosjean Sylvian , Bräse Stefan , Wang Yuemin , Wöll Christof 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStudien zu Reaktionen in Lösungen werden oft durch Lösungsmitteleffekte behindert. Zudem ist eine detaillierte Untersuchung der Kinetik auf den kleinen Temperaturbereich beschränkt, in dem das Lösungsmittel flüssig ist. Hier berichten wir über die spektroskopische in situ‐Beobachtung UV‐induzierter Reaktionen von Arylaziden in einer kristallinen Matrix im Vakuum. Die Matrizes werden durch Bindung der reaktiven Teile an ditopische Linker, die dann zu metallorganischen Gerüstverbindungen (MOFs) und oberflächenverankerten MOFs (SURMOFs) zusammengesetzt werden, gebildet. Diese porösen, kristallinen Gerüstverbindungen werden dann als Modellsysteme verwendet, um die chemischen Prozesse im Zusammenhang mit Aziden unter Ultrahochvakuum(UHV)‐Bedingungen – bei denen Lösungsmitteleffekte sicher ausgeschlossen werden können – und in einem großen Temperaturbereich zu untersuchen. Die Infrarot‐Reflexions‐Absorptions‐Spektroskopie (IRRAS) ermöglichte es uns, die Photoreaktion von Aziden in SURMOFs präzise zu überwachen. Die in situ‐IRRAS‐Daten zeigten in Verbindung mit XRD, MS und XPS, dass die Bestrahlung mit UV‐Licht zunächst zur Bildung eines Nitren‐Zwischenprodukts führt. Im zweiten Schritt findet eine intramolekulare Umlagerung statt, die ein Indoloindol‐Derivat ergibt. Diese Ergebnisse eröffnen einen neuartigen Weg für die präzise Untersuchung von chemischen Umwandlungen von Aziden. Referenzexperimente, die für lösungsmittelbeladene SURMOFs durchgeführt wurden, offenbaren eine enorme Vielfalt anderer Reaktionsschemata und unterstreichen daher den Bedarf an Modellsystemen, die unter UHV‐Bedingungen untersucht werden.
Metal‐Organic Framework Thin Films as Ideal Matrices for Azide Photolysis in Vacuum
Authors: Song Jimin , Yu Xiaojuan , Nefedov Alexei , Weidler Peter G. , Grosjean Sylvian , Bräse Stefan , Wang Yuemin , Wöll Christof 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStudies on reactions in solutions are often hampered by solvent effects. In addition, detailed investigation on kinetics is limited to the small temperature regime where the solvent is liquid. Here, we report the in situ spectroscopic observation of UV‐induced photochemical reactions of aryl azides within a crystalline matrix in vacuum. The matrices are formed by attaching the reactive moieties to ditopic linkers, which are then assembled to yield metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and surface‐mounted MOFs (SURMOFs). These porous, crystalline frameworks are then used as model systems to study azide‐related chemical processes under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions, where solvent effects can be safely excluded and in a large temperature regime. Infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS) allowed us to monitor the photoreaction of azide in SURMOFs precisely. The in situ IRRAS data, in conjunction with XRD, MS, and XPS, reveal that illumination with UV light first leads to forming a nitrene intermediate. In the second step, an intramolecular rearrangement occurs, yielding an indoloindole derivative. These findings unveil a novel pathway for precisely studying azide‐related chemical transformations. Reference experiments carried out for solvent‐loaded SURMOFs reveal a huge diversity of other reaction schemes, thus highlighting the need for model systems studied under UHV conditions.
Disparities in cancer care among sexual and gender minority adolescent and young adult patients: A scoping review
Authors: Cheung Christabel K. , Lee Haelim , Levin Nina Jackson , Choi Eunju , Ross Valentina A. , Geng Yimin , Thomas Bria N. , Roth Michael E. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundAdolescent and young adult cancer patients (AYAs) who are sexual and gender minorities (SGM) are a rapidly increasing population that experiences unmet cancer‐related needs. Despite emerging awareness, little is known about cancer care and outcomes for this vulnerable population. The purpose of this scoping review was to explore current knowledge and gaps in the literature on cancer care and outcomes for AYAs who identify as SGM.MethodsWe reviewed empirical knowledge on SGM AYAs by identifying, describing, and critically appraising the literature to date. We conducted a comprehensive search on OVID MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL in February 2022. Additionally, we developed and piloted a conceptual framework for appraising SGM AYA research.ResultsA total of 37 articles were included in the final review. Most studies focused exclusively on SGM‐related outcomes as the primary aim of the study (81.1%, n = 30), whereas others included some focus on SGM‐related outcomes (18.9%, n = 7). The majority of studies included AYAs as part of a broader age range (86.0%, n = 32), and only a few studies examined exclusively AYA samples (14.0%, n = 5). Gaps in scientific evidence on SGM AYAs were seen across the cancer care continuum.ConclusionNumerous gaps in knowledge of cancer care and outcomes exist for SGM AYAs diagnosed with cancer. Future efforts should fill this void with high‐quality empirical studies that reveal unknown disparities in care and outcomes and are inclusive of the intersectionality of SGM AYAs with other minoritized experiences, thereby advancing health equity in meaningful ways.
Comparative Study on Biological Activities and Chemical Profiling of Mushroom (Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fr.) Quel.) Cultured on Lignocellulosic Agro Wastes
Authors: Hisam Zamakshshari Nor , Adewale Ahmed Idris , Nazil Afiq Nasharuddin Muhammad , Syahira Zaharudin Nurul , Mohd Hashim Najihah , Othman Rozana 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe relevance of the lignocellulosic substrate in the cultivation of mushrooms has lent support to the exploration of several lignocellulosic agro wastes. This study was, thus, aimed at the evaluation of durian peel as an alternative substrate for more sustainable mushroom cultivation and climate change mitigation. The secondary metabolites and biological activities of both aqueous and organic mushroom (Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fr.) Quel.) extract cultured on durian peel and rubberwood sawdust substrate were compared using GCMS, LCMS as well as various biological assays (cytotoxicity, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities). Mushroom extracts from durian peel substrates possess remarkable biological activities. The results showed that the aqueous extracts had poor antimicrobial activities. The organic extracts were more active against cancer cells than the aqueous extracts, while the aqueous extracts were more potent as antioxidants than the organic extracts. Overall, the mushroom extract from the durian substrate was the most effective except against A549 and SW948, while the aqueous extract from the durian substrate was the most effective against the A549 cancer cell lines with 29.53±2.39 % inhibition. On the other hand, the organic mushroom extract from the sawdust substrate was the most effective against SW948 with 60.24±2.45 % inhibition. Further studies, however, are needed to elucidate the molecular mechanism of action of P. pulmonarius extracts against cancer cell proliferation and the effect of the substrates on the nutritional composition, secondary metabolites, and other biological activities of P. pulmonarius extracts.
Salvia officinalis L. Methanolic Extract Reduces Lead and Nicotine‐Induced Sperm Quality Degeneration in Male Rats
Authors: Ammar Aldaddou Wael , Aljohani Abdullah S. M. , Adewale Ahmed Idris , Al‐Wabel Naser A. , El‐Ashmawy Ibrahim M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMost heavy metals and industrial chemicals such as nicotine and lead cause harm to the reproduction process through a decrease in sperm motility, fertilization process, and sperm binding to the oocyte. Salvia officinalis L. (sage) has been reported to enhance serum testosterone levels and other certain biochemical enzymes. Thus, the current study is aimed at evaluating the potential health benefits of S. officinalis L. methanol extract on lead and nicotine hydrogen tartrate‐induced sperm quality degeneration in male rats and also identifying some of the non‐polar volatile bioactive compounds that might be attributed to the bioactivity of S. officinalis extract using gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC/MS). In the study, fifty‐four mature male albino rats of about 220–250 g [were divided randomly and equally into 9 groups (n=6)]. Sperm quality degeneration was induced through the oral administration of 1.5 g/L of lead acetate in drinking water or peritoneal injection of 0.50 mg/kg (animal weight) nicotine hydrogen tartrate for sixty days. Two doses (200 & 400 mg/kg b.w.) of S. officinalis L. were used. The rats were anesthetized after the experimental period and then sacrificed. Blood samples were collected while the epididymis, testicle, and accessory sex organs (prostates and seminal vesical) were taken for histopathological studies. Twelve major compounds were identified through the GC/MS analysis of S. officinalis L. methanol extract. Lead and nicotine toxicity had a great effect on the rats’ sperm quality causing a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the quantity of sperm and sperm motility as well as an upsurge in the abnormalities of the sperm and a reduction in the length & diameter of seminiferous tubules and size & weight of sexual organs (accessory sex glands, epididymis, and testis). The administration of S. officinalis L. methanol extract, however, had a positive impact on the sexual organ weights, semen quality & quantity, and rats’ fertility, thus, ameliorating the adversative effects of both lead and nicotine. Further evaluation and isolation of the bioactive components are recommended as potential drug leads.
Utility of optical coherence tomography in acute coronary syndromes
Authors: Karimi Galougahi Keyvan , Dakroub Ali , Chau Karen , Mathew Rony , Mullasari Ajit , Singh Balbir , Sengottuvelu Gunasekaran , Maehara Akiko , Mintz Gary , Jeremias Allen , Shlofmitz Evan , West Nick E. J. , Shlofmitz Richard , Ali Ziad A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStudies utilizing intravascular imaging have replicated the findings of histopathological studies, identifying the most common substrates for acute coronary syndromes (ACS) as plaque rupture, erosion, and calcified nodule, with spontaneous coronary artery dissection, coronary artery spasm, and coronary embolism constituting the less common etiologies. The purpose of this review is to summarize the data from clinical studies that have used high‐resolution intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) to assess culprit plaque morphology in ACS. In addition, we discuss the utility of intravascular OCT for effective treatment of patients presenting with ACS, including the possibility of culprit lesion‐based treatment by percutaneous coronary intervention.
Congenital hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (HH) requiring treatment as the presenting feature of Kabuki syndrome
Authors: Souabni Saloua Ait , Harvengt Antoine , Legat Camille , Lysy Philippe A. 
Published: May 2023

Key Clinical MessageKabuki syndrome is a congenital condition characterized by a set of facial dysmorphic features that often help the clinician to suspect the diagnosis. However, more insidious symptoms can rarely occur, such as manifestations of hypoglycemia in newborns with congenital hyperinsulinism hypoglycemia, especially when a variant of the KDM6A gene is found. In those cases, a treatment with diazoxide can be started and can be replaced with lanreotide if a satisfying glycemic control is not achieved. We report the case of a female patient born at 37 weeks of gestational age, without any obvious facial dysmorphic features, after a non‐complicated pregnancy, that presented with feeding difficulties, drowsiness, and irritability revealing a hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. Further testing at 6 months old found a KDM6A mutation. The patient was initially treated by diazoxide alone, but its dosage had to be lowered because of the occurrence of treatment side effects, and lanreotide had been added to maintain acceptable blood sugar levels. A congenital hyperinsulinemia hypoglycemia revealed heterozygous truncating variant in the KDM6A gene, also known as X‐linked Kabuki syndrome in a newborn. In cases of neonatal hypoglycemia, the first‐line therapy is diazoxide. Our report shows that analogues of somatostatin such as lanreotide should be considered if the diazoxide regimen is not tolerated.
The role of therapy in the outcome of patients with myelofibrosis
Authors: Masarova Lucia , Bose Prithviraj , Pemmaraju Naveen , Daver Naval G. , Sasaki Koji , Chifotides Helen T. , Zhou Lingsha , Kantarjian Hagop M. , Estrov Zeev , Verstovsek Srdan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe treatment of patients with myelofibrosis (MF) has evolved in the past decade, as reflected in an increased use of various therapeutic agents that could potentially impact patient outcomes.METHODSIn this retrospective study, the authors evaluated the pattern of therapy and its possible impact on the survival of patients with MF at their institution. Patients (n = 802) with newly diagnosed, chronic, overt MF (MF fibrosis grade ≥2, <10% blasts) seen at their cancer center between 2000 and 2020 were included.RESULTSOverall, 492 of the included patients (61%) initiated MF‐directed therapy during follow‐up. The most frequent initial therapy was the JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib (44% of treated patients), investigational agents excluding JAK inhibitors (21%), immunomodulatory agents (18%), other investigational JAK inhibitors (10%), and others (7%). Overall survival was superior for patients who received initial ruxolitinib therapy, with a median survival of 72 months versus approximately 50 months for the remaining approaches, excluding the last group. Thirty‐two percent of patients required subsequent therapy (n = 159). The longest survival since the start of second‐line therapy was observed in patients who initiated salvage ruxolitinib (median, 35 months; 95% CI, 25–45 months).CONCLUSIONSThis study demonstrated improved outcomes of patients with MF who received treatment with the JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib.
Ammonia Synthesis over Fe‐Supported Catalysts Mediated by Face‐Sharing Nitrogen Sites in BaTiO3−xNy Oxynitride
Authors: Miyazaki Masayoshi , Ikejima Keisuke , Ogasawara Kiya , Kitano Masaaki , Hosono Hideo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNitride and hydride materials have been proposed as active supports for the loading of transition metal catalysts in thermal catalytic ammonia synthesis. However, the contribution of nitrogen or hydride anions in the support to the catalytic activity for supported transition‐metal catalysts is not well understood, especially for Fe‐based catalysts. Here, we report that hexagonal‐BaTiO3−xNy with nitrogen vacancies at face‐sharing sites acts as a more efficient support for Fe catalysts for ammonia synthesis than BaTiO3 or BaTiO3−xHx at 260 °C to 400 °C. Isotopic experiments, in situ measurements, and a small inverse isotopic effect in ammonia synthesis have revealed that nitrogen molecules are activated at nitrogen vacancies formed at the interface between Fe nanoparticles and the support. Nitrogen vacancies on BaTiO3−xNy can promote the activity of Fe and Ni catalysts, while electron donation and suppression of hydrogen poisoning by BaTiO3−xHx are significant in the Ru and Co systems.
An intelligent cascaded fuzzy‐lead‐lag‐based damping control scheme incorporating variable frequency transformer and superconducting magnetic energy storage in multimachine power system
Authors: Mushtaq Basit , Mufti Mairaj‐ud‐din 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the potential capability of recently proposed flexible power transmisssion device, namely, variable frequency transformer (VFT), to effectively mitigate low‐frequency oscillations (LFOs). VFT with a high rotational inertia has an inherent natural damping capacity that may be utilized to attenuate power system oscillations. To provide additional system damping, a comprehensive approach is presented, which integrates the coordination of VFT with superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES). An intelligently designed novel cascaded lead‐lag fuzzy logic controller (CLLFLC) utilizing a global stabilizing control signal constitutes the supervisory controller for VFT and SMES. The stabilizing feedback signal that contains information about overall system dynamics can be easily obtained through wide area measurement systems (WAMS) and is determined using participation factor (PF) analysis. In addition, a newly developed optimization technique known asK‐means optimizer (KO) is used for optimizing CLLFLC parameters utilized for the carefully orchestrated operation of VFT and SMES. Numerous simulation studies are conducted on two‐area multigenerator interconnected network to validate the resilience of the suggested approach. The findings demonstrate that the proposed control strategy with optimized gain parameters efficaciously damped the LFOs. To show the superior damping effectiveness of the suggested KO‐CLLFLC controller, a comparative performance evaluation with a damping controller designed on residue approach was also undertaken.
Identification of a novel gene expression signature as prognostic biomarker for human papillomavirus negative head and neck carcinoma
Authors: Huang Ying , Shen Rongfang , Feng Lin , Liu Jie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurposeHead and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are heterogeneous and complex malignancies. The present study aimed to explore potential molecular classifications and establish promising prognostic candidate biomarkers for human papillomavirus (HPV)‐negative HNSCC.MethodsWe performed unsupervised clustering in HPV‐negative patients from the TCGA‐HNSCC database and identified molecular subclusters based on HNSCC prognosis. Weighted gene co‐expression network analysis was used to identify cluster‐related gene modules and identify reliable candidate genes. Biomarker signature was established from these candidate genes via 10‐fold cross validation in a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression model and validated in The Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) cohort and four external Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) validation cohorts.ResultsWe identified three molecular subclusters (C1–C3), and tumour microenvironment and survival evaluation results showed that C3 had high immune cell infiltration and better prognosis. However, C1 and C2 had low immune cell infiltration, and C1 had a worse survival outcome. A 20‐gene signature was established from the input candidate genes via 10‐fold cross validation in the LASSO Cox regression model. The signature was first validated in a training cohort, followed by a testing cohort and the entire cohort. A total of 347 patients from four external GEO validation cohorts indicated great performance of the signature in predicting outcomes.ConclusionCompared with HPV‐positive patients, those with HPV‐negative HNSCC had an immunosuppressed tumour microenvironment. The 20‐gene signature was developed based on the characteristic unsupervised clustering molecular subclusters to predict survival outcomes in patients with HPV‐negative HNSCC.
The heterogeneity and drug resistance of malignant cells and intercellular communication of microenvironment in osteosarcoma: Based on single‐cell analysis
Authors: Ma Haonan , Wang Xiaoyu , Zhao Jiayi , Wang Jiayi , Li Qian , Liang Jinrong , Ding Xiaomin , Zhang Yawen , Zhou Yan , Hu Haiyan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundOsteosarcoma (OS) is a prevalent bone cancer characterized by its aggressive nature, which often metastasizes to the lungs and contributes to a poor prognosis. Treatment progress has been hindered by drug resistance, distant metastases, and significant patient heterogeneity. However, recent advancements in technologies such as sequencing and multi‐omics have enabled more in‐depth investigations at the micro level.AimBy undertaking a critical analysis of related studies, the present work intends to provide an overview of the microenvironmental features of osteosarcoma discovered through single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) analysis. The articles included in this review were from several medical and health databases.Results and discussionWe also discuss drug resistance traits, taking into account the heterogeneity of OS cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME). This includes inherent and acquired resistance in both pre‐ and post‐chemotherapy osteosarcoma, as well as the close association between cancer stem cells (CSCs) and drug resistance. Additionally, we examine the intercellular communication between OS cells and other cell types, as revealed by both traditional and single‐cell studies, and suggest several promising therapeutic targets.ConclusionSingle‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) provides a detailed view of the tumor microenvironment, revealing intercellular communication between osteosarcoma cells and other cells, and aiding in the identification of potential therapeutic targets.
Design, synthesis, in vitro, and in vivo evaluation of novel phthalazinone‐based derivatives as promising acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for treatment of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Ezzat Manal Abdel Fattah , Abdelhamid Sara Mohamed , Fouad Marwa A. , Abdel‐Aziz Hatem A. , Allam Heba Abdelrasheed 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTwenty novel phthalazinone‐based compounds were designed as acetylcholinesterase (hAChE) inhibitors. Compounds 7e and 17c demonstrated comparable or superior activity compared to donepezil, respectively, in in vitro enzyme assay. Moreover, both compounds 7e and 17c possess minimal toxicity on hepatic and neuroblastoma cell lines. Besides, it was proved that compounds 7e and 17c have percentage alternations and a transfer latency time comparable to donepezil and can alleviate the cognitive impairment caused by the scopolamine‐induced model in mice. The kinetic analysis for compound 17c suggested this compound as a mixed‐type inhibitor that could bind to both the peripheral (PAS) and the catalytic site (CAS) of the hAChE enzyme. The synthesized molecules were subjected to in silico analyses, including molecular docking studies, and the outcomes were consistent with the in vitro findings.