bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-resolution contrast-enhanced MRI with three-dimensional fast spin echo improved the diagnostic performance for identifying pituitary microadenomas in Cushing’s syndrome
Authors: Liu Zeyu , Hou Bo , You Hui , Lu Lin , Duan Lian , Li Mingli , Deng Kan , Yao Yong , Zhu Huijuan , Feng Feng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To assess the diagnostic performance of high-resolution contrast-enhanced MRI (hrMRI) with three-dimensional (3D) fast spin echo (FSE) sequence by comparison with conventional contrast-enhanced MRI (cMRI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (dMRI) with 2D FSE sequence for identifying pituitary microadenomas.

Methods
This single-institutional retrospective study included 69 consecutive patients with Cushing’s syndrome who underwent preoperative pituitary MRI, including cMRI, dMRI, and hrMRI, between January 2016 to December 2020. Reference standards were established by using all available imaging, clinical, surgical, and pathological resources. The diagnostic performance of cMRI, dMRI, and hrMRI for identifying pituitary microadenomas was independently evaluated by two experienced neuroradiologists. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curves (AUCs) were compared between protocols for each reader by using the DeLong test to assess the diagnostic performance for identifying pituitary microadenomas. The inter-observer agreement was assessed by using the κ analysis.

Results
The diagnostic performance of hrMRI (AUC, 0.95–0.97) was higher than cMRI (AUC, 0.74–0.75; p ≤ .002) and dMRI (AUC, 0.59–0.68; p ≤ .001) for identifying pituitary microadenomas. The sensitivity and specificity of hrMRI were 90–93% and 100%, respectively. There were 78% (18/23) to 82% (14/17) of the patients, who were misdiagnosed on cMRI and dMRI and correctly diagnosed on hrMRI. The inter-observer agreement for identifying pituitary microadenomas was moderate on cMRI (κ = 0.50), moderate on dMRI (κ = 0.57), and almost perfect on hrMRI (κ = 0.91), respectively.

Conclusions
The hrMRI showed higher diagnostic performance than cMRI and dMRI for identifying pituitary microadenomas in patients with Cushing’s syndrome.

Key Points
• The diagnostic performance of hrMRI was higher than cMRI and dMRI for identifying pituitary microadenomas in Cushing’s syndrome.
• About 80% of patients, who were misdiagnosed on cMRI and dMRI, were correctly diagnosed on hrMRI.
• The inter-observer agreement for identifying pituitary microadenomas was almost perfect on hrMRI.
Empfehlungen der Kommission Komplementäre Heilverfahren und Ernährung zu ayurvedischer Medizin, Homöopathie, Ernährung und mediterraner Kost
Authors: Keyßer Gernot , Michalsen Andreas , Reuß-Borst Monika , Frohne Inna , Gläß Mandy , Pfeil Alexander , Schultz Olaf , Seifert Olga , Sander Oliver 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungMethoden der komplementären und alternativen Medizin („complementary and alternative medicine“ [CAM]) stoßen bei vielen Patienten mit rheumatischen Erkrankungen auf Interesse. Die wissenschaftliche Datenlage ist durch eine große Anzahl von Publikationen bei einem eklatanten Mangel an verwertbaren klinischen Studien gekennzeichnet. Anwendungen der CAM stehen im Spannungsfeld zwischen dem Bemühen um eine evidenzbasierte Medizin und um qualitativ hochwertige Therapiekonzepte auf der einen und wenig fundierten bis eindeutig unseriösen Angeboten auf der anderen Seite. Die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Rheumatologie (DGRh) hat 2021 eine Kommission Komplementäre Heilverfahren und Ernährung ins Leben gerufen, welche die aktuelle Evidenz für CAM-Anwendungen und ernährungsmedizinische Maßnahmen in der Rheumatologie sichten und in praktisch anwendbare Empfehlungen einarbeiten soll. Für die vorliegende Publikation wurden für 4 Bereiche Empfehlungen für den rheumatologischen Praxisalltag erstellt: Ernährung, mediterrane Kost, ayurvedische Medizin und Homöopathie.
SMYD1a protects the heart from ischemic injury by regulating OPA1-mediated cristae remodeling and supercomplex formation
Authors: Szulik Marta W. , Valdez Steven , Walsh Maureen , Davis Kathryn , Bia Ryan , Horiuchi Emilee , O’Very Sean , Laxman Anil K. , Sandaklie-Nicolova Linda , Eberhardt David R. , Durrant Jessica R. , Sheikh Hanin , Hickenlooper Samuel , Creed Magnus , Brady Cameron , Miller Mickey , Wang Li , Garcia-Llana June , Tracy Christopher , Drakos Stavros G. , Funai Katsuhiko , Chaudhuri Dipayan , Boudina Sihem , Franklin Sarah 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSMYD1, a striated muscle-specific lysine methyltransferase, was originally shown to play a key role in embryonic cardiac development but more recently we demonstrated that loss of Smyd1 in the murine adult heart leads to cardiac hypertrophy and failure. However, the effects of SMYD1 overexpression in the heart and its molecular function in the cardiomyocyte in response to ischemic stress are unknown. In this study, we show that inducible, cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of SMYD1a in mice protects the heart from ischemic injury as seen by a > 50% reduction in infarct size and decreased myocyte cell death. We also demonstrate that attenuated pathological remodeling is a result of enhanced mitochondrial respiration efficiency, which is driven by increased mitochondrial cristae formation and stabilization of respiratory chain supercomplexes within the cristae. These morphological changes occur concomitant with increased OPA1 expression, a known driver of cristae morphology and supercomplex formation. Together, these analyses identify OPA1 as a novel downstream target of SMYD1a whereby cardiomyocytes upregulate energy efficiency to dynamically adapt to the energy demands of the cell. In addition, these findings highlight a new epigenetic mechanism by which SMYD1a regulates mitochondrial energetics and functions to protect the heart from ischemic injury.
SNP analysis of challenging bone DNA samples using the HID-Ion AmpliSeq™ Identity Panel: facts and artefacts
Authors: Fattorini Paolo , Previderè Carlo , Livieri Tommaso , Zupanc Tomaž , Pajnič Irena Zupanič 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPCR-MPS is an emerging tool for the analysis of low-quality DNA samples. In this study, we used PCR-MPS to analyse 32 challenging bone DNA samples from three Second World War victims, which previously yielded no results in conventional STR PCR-CE typing. The Identity Panel was used with 27 cycles of PCR. Despite that we only had an average of 6.8 pg of degraded DNA as template, 30 out of 32 libraries (93.8%) produced sequencing data for about 63/90 autosomal markers per sample. Out of the 30 libraries, 14 (46.7%) yielded single source genetic profiles in agreement with the biological identity of the donor, whereas 12 cases (40.0%) resulted in SNP profiles that did not match or were mixed. The misleading outcomes for those 12 cases were likely due to hidden exogenous human contamination, as shown by the higher frequencies of allelic imbalance, unusual high frequencies of allelic drop-ins, high heterozygosity levels in the consensus profiles generated from challenging samples, and traces of amplified molecular products in four out of eight extraction negative controls. Even if the source and the time of the contamination were not identified, it is likely that it occurred along the multi-step bone processing workflow. Our results suggest that only positive identification by statistical tools (e.g. likelihood ratio) should be accepted as reliable; oppositely, the results leading to exclusion should be treated as inconclusive because of potential contamination issues. Finally, strategies are discussed for monitoring the workflow of extremely challenging bone samples in PCR-MPS experiments with an increased number of PCR cycles.
Intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical recanalization for acute ischemic stroke in deep brain stimulation patients: a case series
Authors: Meyne Johannes , Domschikowski Mirjam , Hensler Johannes , Helmers Ann-Kristin , Berg Daniela , Deuschl Günther , Paschen Steffen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundIntravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and endovascular mechanical thrombectomy therapy (MT) are well established in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. It is currently unclear whether these treatments can be applied in patients with previous deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery and how long the interval to the DBS operation should be.MethodsFour patients with ischemic stroke and IVT or MT were included in this retrospective case series. Data on demographics, genesis, severity and course of the stroke and the DBS indication were extracted and evaluated. Furthermore, a literature review was conducted. Outcomes and hemorrhagic complications after IVT, MT or intra-arterial thrombolysis in patients with prior deep brain stimulation surgery and intracranial surgery were analyzed.ResultsFour patients with acute ischaemic stroke and previous DBS surgery were treated with IVT (2 patients), MT (1) or a combined therapy of IVT and MT (1). The time interval to the previous DBS surgery was between 6 and 135 months. In these four patients, no bleeding complications occurred. The literature review revealed four publications with a total of 18 patients, who were treated with IVT, MT or intra-arterial thrombolysis. Of these 18 patients, only 1 had undergone deep brain stimulation surgery, the other 17 patients had received brain surgery for other reasons. Bleeding complications occurred in four of the 18 reported patients, but not in the DBS case. All four patients with bleeding complications were reported to have died as a result. In three of the four patients with fatal outcome, surgery was less than 90 days before the onset of stroke.ConclusionIVT and MT were tolerated by four patients with ischemic stroke more than 6 months after DBS surgery without bleeding complications.
The acute and repeated bout effects of multi-joint eccentric exercise on physical function and balance in older adults
Authors: Baxter Brett A. , Baross Anthony W. , Ryan Declan J. , Wright Ben H. , Kay Anthony D. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Eccentric muscle actions generate high levels of force at a low metabolic cost, making them a suitable training modality to combat age-related neuromuscular decline. The temporary muscle soreness associated with high intensity eccentric contractions may explain their limited use in clinical exercise prescription, however any discomfort is often alleviated after the initial bout (repeated bout effect). Therefore, the aims of the present study were to examine the acute and repeated bout effects of eccentric contractions on neuromuscular factors associated with the risk of falling in older adults.

Methods
Balance, functional ability [timed up-and-go and sit-to-stand], and lower-limb maximal and explosive strength were measured in 13 participants (67.6 ± 4.9 year) pre- and post-eccentric exercise (0, 24, 48, and 72 hr) in Bout 1 and 14 days later in Bout 2. The eccentric exercise intervention was performed on an isokinetic unilateral stepper ergometer at 50% of maximal eccentric strength at 18 step‧min−1 per limb for 7 min (126 steps per limb). Two-way repeated measures ANOVAs were conducted to identify any significant effects (P ≤ 0.05).

Results
Eccentric strength significantly decreased (− 13%) in Bout 1 at 24 hr post-exercise; no significant reduction was observed at any other time-point after Bout 1. No significant reductions occurred in static balance or functional ability at any time-point in either bout.

Conclusion
Submaximal multi-joint eccentric exercise results in minimal disruption to neuromuscular function associated with falls in older adults after the initial bout.
Effects of prior therapies on outcomes with trifluridine/tipiracil in patients with metastatic gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer in a randomized phase III trial (TAGS)
Authors: Shitara Kohei , George Ben , Taieb Julien , Sundar Raghav , Fakih Marwan G. , Makris Lukas , Benhadji Karim A. , Ghidini Michele 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
In the phase III TAGS trial, trifluridine/tipiracil showed survival benefit versus placebo in patients with metastatic gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer and ≥ 2 prior chemotherapies. This post hoc exploratory analysis assessed the impact of prior therapy type on outcomes.

Methods
Based on prior treatment, patients in TAGS (N = 507) were categorized into overlapping subgroups: ramucirumab ± other agents (n = 169), no ramucirumab (n = 338), paclitaxel but no ramucirumab (n = 136), ramucirumab + paclitaxel sequentially or in combination (n = 154), neither paclitaxel nor ramucirumab (n = 202), irinotecan (n = 281), and no irinotecan (n = 226). Overall and progression-free survival, time to Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) ≥ 2, and safety were assessed.

Results
Baseline characteristics and prior therapy patterns were generally well balanced between trifluridine/tipiracil and placebo arms across subgroups. Trifluridine/tipiracil was associated with survival benefits versus placebo regardless of prior treatment: across subgroups, median overall survival was 4.6–6.1 versus 3.0–3.8 months (hazard ratios, 0.47–0.88), median progression-free survival was 1.9–2.3 versus 1.7–1.8 months (hazard ratios, 0.49–0.67), and median time to ECOG PS ≥ 2 was 4.0–4.7 versus 1.9–2.5 months (hazard ratios, 0.56–0.88). Among trifluridine/tipiracil-randomized patients, median overall and progression-free survival trended longer in those who had not received ramucirumab, paclitaxel and ramucirumab, or irinotecan (6.0–6.1 and 2.1–2.3 months, respectively) than in those who previously received these agents (4.6–5.7 and 1.9 months). The trifluridine/tipiracil safety profile was consistent across subgroups, with similar overall incidences of grade ≥ 3 adverse events. Minor variations in hematologic toxicities were noted.

Conclusions
In TAGS, third- or later-line trifluridine/tipiracil treatment demonstrated overall and progression-free survival and functioning benefits versus placebo and a consistent safety profile in patients with metastatic gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer, regardless of prior treatment type.

Clinical trials registration
clinicaltrials.gov NCT02500043.
Experiences in reverse sequence esophagectomy: a promising alternative for esophageal cancer surgery
Authors: Lin Chih-Hung , Chuang Cheng-Yen , Ko Jiunn-Liang , Hsu Chung-Ping 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives
McKeown esophagectomy is a standard and significant component of multimodality therapy in esophageal cancer, however, experience in switching the resection and reconstruction sequence in esophageal cancer surgery is not available. Here, we have retrospectively reviewed the experience of reverse sequencing procedure at our institute.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 192 patients who had undergone minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) with McKeown esophagectomy between August 2008 and Dec 2015. The patient’s demographics and relevant variables were evaluated. The overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were analyzed.

Results
Among the 192 patients, 119 (61.98%) received the reverse sequence MIE (the reverse group) and 73 patients (38.02%) received the standard operation (the standard group). Both patient groups had similar demographics. There were no inter-group differences existed in blood loss, hospital stay, conversion rate, resection margin status, operative complication, and mortality. The reverse group had shorter total operation time (469.83 ± 75.03 vs 523.63 ± 71.93, p < 0.001) and thoracic operation time (181.22 ± 42.79 vs 230.41 ± 51.93, p < 0.001). The 5-year OS and DFS for both groups were similar (44.77% and 40.53% in the reverse group vs 32.66% and 29.42% in the standard group, p = 0.252 and 0.261, respectively). Similar results were observed even after propensity matching.

Conclusions
The reverse sequence procedure had shorter operation times, especially in the thoracic phase. The reverse sequence MIE is a safe and useful procedure when postoperative morbidity, mortality, and oncological outcomes are considered.
Side-to-side magnet anastomosis system duodeno-ileostomy with sleeve gastrectomy: early multi-center results
Authors: Gagner Michel , Cadiere Guy-Bernard , Sanchez-Pernaute Andres , Abuladze David , Krinke Todd , Buchwald J. N. , Van Sante Nathalie , Van Gossum Marc , Dziakova Jana , Koiava Levan , Odovic Maja , Poras Mathilde , Almutlaq Lamees , Torres Antonio J. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Gastrointestinal anastomoses with classical sutures and/or metal staples have resulted in significant bleeding and leak rates. This multi-site study evaluated the feasibility, safety, and preliminary effectiveness of a novel linear magnetic compression anastomosis device, the Magnet System (MS), to form a side-to-side duodeno-ileostomy (DI) diversion for weight loss and type 2 diabetes (T2D) resolution.

Methods
In patients with class II and III obesity (body mass index [BMI, kg/m2] ≥ 35.0– ≤ 50.0 with/without T2D [HbA1C > 6.5%]), two linear MS magnets were delivered endoscopically to the duodenum and ileum with laparoscopic assistance and aligned, initiating DI; sleeve gastrectomy (SG) was added. There were no bowel incisions or retained sutures/staples. Fused magnets were expelled naturally. Adverse events (AEs) were graded by Clavien-Dindo Classification (CDC).

Results
Between November 22, 2021 and July 18, 2022, 24 patients (83.3% female, mean ± SEM weight 121.9 ± 3.3 kg, BMI 44.4 ± 0.8) in three centers underwent magnetic DI. Magnets were expelled at a median 48.5 days. Respective mean BMI, total weight loss, and excess weight loss at 6 months (n = 24): 32.0 ± 0.8, 28.1 ± 1.0%, and 66.2 ± 3.4%; at 12 months (n = 5), 29.3 ± 1.5, 34.0 ± 1.4%, and 80.2 ± 6.6%. Group mean respective mean HbA1C and glucose levels dropped to 1.1 ± 0.4% and 24.8 ± 6.6 mg/dL (6 months); 2.0 ± 1.1% and 53.8 ± 6.3 mg/dL (12 months). There were 0 device-related AEs, 3 procedure-related serious AEs. No anastomotic bleeding, leakage, stricture, or mortality.

Conclusion
In a multi-center study, side-to-side Magnet System duodeno-ileostomy with SG in adults with class III obesity appeared feasible, safe, and effective for weight loss and T2D resolution in the short term.
Soziale Vulnerabilität am Beispiel der Krebstherapie
Authors: Mainka Christine , Letsch Anne , Schmalz Claudia , Bozzaro Claudia 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungLebensweltliche Bedingungen können sich als Barrieren in Hinblick auf die Durchführung einer von den Patient*innen gewählten – beispielsweise onkologischen – Therapie erweisen und den Therapieerfolg gefährden. Solche lebensweltlichen Herausforderungen lassen sich als Schichten sozialer Vulnerabilität begreifen. In dieser Arbeit wird untersucht, ob es geboten ist, herausfordernde soziale Lebensbedingungen von Patient*innen systematisch bei Therapieentscheidungen zu berücksichtigen. Hierfür wird der Befähigungsansatz nach Martha Nussbaum herangezogen, der die Achtung der Patient*innenautonomie mit der Möglichkeit der Unterstützung durch Dritte zusammenbringt. Anschließend werden anhand des Schichten-Konzeptes von Florencia Luna Vorschläge dafür formuliert, wie soziale Vulnerabilitäten in der Praxis erfasst werden könnten. Obwohl die Überlegungen zum vorliegenden Text aus Beobachtungen der onkologischen Behandlungssituation heraus entstanden sind, lassen sie sich auch auf andere Therapiefelder, die lange Behandlungsdauern mit regelmäßigen Anwesenheiten verlangen, übertragen.Die vorliegende Untersuchung kommt zu dem Ergebnis, dass die ethische Pflicht besteht, lebensweltliche Faktoren in gemeinsame Therapieentscheidungen miteinzubeziehen und den Patient*innen ggf. Unterstützung anzubieten, um den Zugang zu der von ihnen gewählten Therapie zu ermöglichen.
Structural characteristics of typhoons Jebi (2018), Faxai (2019), and Hagibis (2019)
Authors: Nayak Sridhara , Takemi Tetsuya 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn recent years, Japan has experienced substantial damage from three intense typhoons: Jebi (2018), Faxai (2019), and Hagibis (2019). In this study, we provide a detailed description of the structure and synoptic environments of these typhoons, with particular focus on their frontal nature, temporal evolutions of the phase-space parameters, and the synoptic environments during their lifecycles. All three typhoons underwent phase changes at some point during their lifecycle before transitioning into extratropical cyclones. We found that their maximum intensities, as indicated by their maximum wind speed and minimum central pressure, occurred shortly after they transitioned from a cold-core to a warm-core structure. These typhoons displayed strong low-level convergence and upper-level divergence, along with favorable environmental conditions for strong convection before transitioning to extratropical cyclones. Our analysis suggests that the strong Typhoons Jebi and Hagibis had asymmetric structures with either deep warm or deep cold cores, whereas the relatively weak Typhoon Faxai had a symmetric deep warm core structure. Overall, our study provides valuable insights into the characteristics of intense typhoons and their transition to extratropical cyclones.
Komorbiditäten bei Alzheimer-Demenz
Authors: Untersteiner Helena , Stögmann Elisabeth 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Alzheimer-Demenz ist die häufigste Demenzform und zählt zu den neurodegenerativen Erkrankungen. Im Verlauf kommt es bei Betroffenen zu einer zunehmenden kognitiven Verschlechterung mit damit einhergehender Einschränkung von Alltagskompetenz und Veränderung der Persönlichkeit. Typische Symptome zu Beginn sind unter anderem Gedächtnisprobleme, Orientierungslosigkeit, Schwierigkeiten bei der Sprachverarbeitung und Verhaltensänderungen.Aus verschiedenen Gründen treten bei Alzheimer-Patienten bestimmte Komorbiditäten gehäuft auf. Dazu gehören beispielsweise Depression, Angststörungen, kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen, Schlafstörungen und Epilepsie. Es gibt bei einigen dieser Erkrankungen Unterschiede in der klinischen Präsentation und der Therapie im Vergleich zu Patienten ohne Demenz. Die richtige Therapie dieser Komorbiditäten kann dabei nicht nur die Lebensqualität von Patienten und Angehörigen verbessern, sondern hat längerfristig oft auch einen positiven Einfluss auf den Verlauf der Alzheimer-Erkrankung.