#4353 HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE IN ADULTS WITH PRIMARY GLOMERULAR DISEASES IN INDIA
Authors: Grewal Amritesh Singh , Bansal Bhavik , Subbiah Arunkumar , Bhowmik Dipankar , Agarwal Sanjay Kumar , Bagchi Soumita 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Glomerular diseases pose a substantial burden on the healthcare system. While the medical and economic burden of glomerular diseases is well established, the data on the health-related quality of life impact is scant.

Method
We used the PROMIS 29 v2.1 (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System) tool to assess HRQOL impact of primary glomerular diseases in adult Indian patients [1], under the domains: physical function, anxiety, fatigue, depression, sleep disturbance, ability to participate in social roles and activities and pain interference in daily activities. The questionnaire was administered in English and Hindi. Patient responses were then used to calculate T-scores with a mean of 50 and an SD of 10 with the score having positive correlation with the quantum of the outcome measured.

Results
141 adult patients were recruited (39 minimal change disease/ focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, 36 membranous nephropathy, 56 IgA nephropathy, 9 membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis). Mean T-scores across domains were as follows: physical function- 48.2 (46.8-49.6), fatigue- 49.2 (47.5-51), anxiety- 52.3 (50.6-53.9), sleep impairment- 43.5 (41.9-45.1), depression- 50.7 (49-52.4), ability to participate in social roles and activities- 55 (53.3-56.7), hindrance in daily activities due to pain 51.2 (49.7-52.8). Better physical function was associated with higher eGFR (T-score of 44 at eGFR&lt;45 ml/min/1.73m2 and 49.8 at eGFR&gt;45 ml/min/1.73m2, p&lt;0.001), lower BMI (42.4 in obese vs 48.6 in non-obese, p = 0.02), and male sex (50.2 vs 44.5 in females, p&lt;0.001). Fatigue was associated with eGFR&lt;45 ml/min/1.73m2 (52.2 vs 48.1 at eGFR&gt;45 ml/min/1.73m2, p = 0.04), and female sex (53.2 vs 47.1 in males, p&lt;0.001). Worse anxiety was seen in females (55.8 vs 50.4 in males, p = 0.002) and patients with eGFR&lt;45 ml/min/1.73m2 (55.4 vs 51.1 at eGFR&gt;45 ml/min/1.73m2, p = 0.02). Sleep impairment was seen in patients having a history of steroid usage in the last 2 months (45.8 vs 42.1, p = 0.02), females (45.8 vs 42.3, p = 0.04), and patients with eGFR&lt;45 ml/min/1.73m2 (46.2 vs 42.5 at eGFR&gt;45 ml/min/1.73m2, p = 0.04). Pain interference was higher in females (55.9 vs 48.8 in males, p&lt;0.001) and patients with eGFR&lt;45 ml/min/1.73m2 (54 vs 50.2 at eGFR&gt;45 ml/min/1.73m2, p = 0.03). eGFR&gt;45 ml/min/1.73m2 (56.4 vs 51.4 at eGFR&lt;45 ml/min/1.73m2, p = 0.008) was associated with better involvement in social roles. Depression was associated with female sex (54.2 vs 48.9 in males, p = 0.003). Degree of proteinuria, serum albumin, duration of disease, immunosuppressive drug use, age, patient-reported edema, and socio-economic status were not associated with a significant decrease in HRQOL. Multivariable linear regression models were evaluated for all domains. Physical function was negatively associated with eGFR&lt;45ml/min/1.73m2 (β = -5.46), female sex (β = -5.16), and obesity (β = -6.36). Fatigue was associated with eGFR&lt;45ml/min/1.73m2 (β = 3.89), female sex (β = 5.76), and obesity (β = 9.62). Worse anxiety was associated with eGFR&lt;45ml/min/1.73m2 (β = 3.82) and female sex (β = 4.97). Sleep impairment was associated with eGFR&lt;45ml/min/1.73m2 (β = 3.46) and female sex (β = 3.24). Pain interference was associated with eGFR&lt;45ml/min/1.73m2 (β = 3.39) and female sex (β = 7.19) Ability to participate in social roles and activities was negatively associated with eGFR&lt;45ml/min/1.73m2 (β = -4.86) and female sex (β = −3). Depression was associated with obesity (β = 6.16) and female sex (β = 5.22).

Conclusion
Glomerular diseases adversely impact the quality of life. Female sex, lower renal function (eGFR), higher BMI and history of recent steroid use correlated with higher morbidity.