bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tibial Tubercle Osteotomy With Concomitant Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Hevesi Mario , Sivasundaram Lakshmanan , Meeker Zachary D. , Kaiser Joshua T. , Yanke Adam B. , Cole Brian J. 
Published: January 2023

Background: Patellofemoral anatomy allows for substantial freedom of motion. Medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) tears occur in up to 96% of lateral patellar dislocations. Risk factors for subsequent instability include maltracking and increased tibial tubercle to trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance. Indication: Medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFLR) with concurrent tibial tubercle osteotomy (TTO) is indicated in patients with recurrent dislocation or unresolved apprehension. Concurrent TTO should be considered for TT-TGs 15-20 mm depending on overall clinical picture and risk factors. We strongly consider TTO for TT-TGs ≥20 mm and for revision procedures. Technique Description: Following diagnostic arthroscopy, a midline incision is made from the inferior patellar pole to 3 cm beyond the tibial tubercle. The anterior compartment is incised and retracted laterally. An osteotomy guide is affixed to the tibia and an osteotomy cut is made with a saw, leaving a small bridge of periosteum distally. The osteotomy is competed proximally with osteotomes, then medialized and held in place with two 4.5-mm screws. An incision is made on the superomedial patella and two 0.045 inch guidewires are placed at the MPFL insertion and overdrilled with a 3.5-mm drill. A 22-cm semitendinosus allograft is prepared and fixed to the patella using two 3.5-mm anchors. An incision is made over the medial epicondyle and a 2.4-mm beath pin is placed at Schöttle point. Isometry is confirmed and the pin is overdrilled with a 6-mm reamer. The allograft is passed just superficial to capsule from the peripatellar incision to the medial incision, docked into the femur, and secured with a 6-mm interference screw at 30° of flexion after confirmation of appropriate graft length. Results: Studies have demonstrated improved outcomes for patients undergoing MPFLR + TTO compared with isolated MPFL in the setting of maltracking and increased TT-TG distance. In addition, a recent meta-analysis demonstrated no negative effect of concurrent TTO on return to sport timeline. Discussion/Conclusion: MPFLR with concurrent TTO is effective, with surgical correction of underlying maltracking and satisfactory return to sport. Consideration to MPFL + TTO should be given to patients with recurrent instability and pathologically increased TT-TG. The author(s) attests that consent has been obtained from any patient(s) appearing in this publication. If the individual may be identifiable, the author(s) has included a statement of release or other written form of approval from the patient(s) with this submission for publication.
Outside the limit: questioning the distance restrictions for cooperative miRNA binding sites
Authors: Diener Caroline , Hart Martin , Fecher-Trost Claudia , Knittel Jessica , Rheinheimer Stefanie , Meyer Markus R. , Mayer Jens , Flockerzi Veit , Keller Andreas , Meese Eckart 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAmong the concepts in biology that are widely taken granted is a potentiated cooperative effect of multiple miRNAs on the same target. This strong hypothesis contrasts insufficient experimental evidence. The quantity as well as the quality of required side constraints of cooperative binding remain largely hidden. For miR-21-5p and miR-155-5p, two commonly investigated regulators across diseases, we selected 15 joint target genes. These were chosen to represent various neighboring 3′UTR binding site constellations, partially exceeding the distance rules that have been established for over a decade. We identified different cooperative scenarios with the binding of one miRNA enhancing the binding effects of the other miRNA and vice versa. Using both, reporter assays and whole proteome analyses, we observed these cooperative miRNA effects for genes that bear 3′UTR binding sites at distances greater than the previously defined limits. Astonishingly, the experiments provide even stronger evidence for cooperative miRNA effects than originally postulated. In the light of these findings the definition of targetomes specified for single miRNAs need to be refined by a concept that acknowledges the cooperative effects of miRNAs.
Are the results from a multiplex proteomic assay and a conventional immunoassay for NT-proBNP and GDF-15 comparable?
Authors: Skau Emma , Wagner Philippe , Leppert Jerzy , Ärnlöv Johan , Hedberg Pär 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
We aimed to compare absolute plasma concentrations of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) obtained by a conventional immunoassay with the corresponding relative concentrations from a proximity extension assay (PEA) and compare the prognostic impact of the protein levels obtained from these assays.

Methods
We evaluated 437 patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and a population-based cohort of 643 individuals without PAD. Correlations were calculated using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients (rho). The discriminatory accuracy of the protein levels to predict future cardiovascular events was analyzed with Cox regression and presented as time-dependent areas under the receiver-operator-characteristic curves (tdAUCs).

Results
For NT-proBNP, the two assays correlated with rho 0.93 and 0.93 in the respective cohort. The PEA values leveled off at higher values in both cohorts. The corresponding correlations for GDF-15 were 0.91 and 0.89. At 5 years follow-up, the tdAUCs in the patient cohort were similar for NT-proBNP and GDF-15 regardless of assay used (0.65–0.66). The corresponding tdAUCs in the population-based cohort were between 0.72 and 0.77.

Conclusion
Except for the highest levels of NT-proBNP, we suggest that PEA data for NT-proBNP and GDF-15 reliably reflects absolute plasma levels and contains similar prognostic information.
Effective matrix designs for COVID-19 group testing
Authors: Brust David , Brust Johannes J. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Grouping samples with low prevalence of positives into pools and testing these pools can achieve considerable savings in testing resources compared with individual testing in the context of COVID-19. We review published pooling matrices, which encode the assignment of samples into pools and describe decoding algorithms, which decode individual samples from pools. Based on the findings we propose new one-round pooling designs with high compression that can efficiently be decoded by combinatorial algorithms. This expands the admissible parameter space for the construction of pooling matrices compared to current methods.

Results
By arranging samples in a grid and using polynomials to construct pools, we develop direct formulas for an Algorithm (Polynomial Pools (PP)) to generate assignments of samples into pools. Designs from PP guarantee to correctly decode all samples with up to a specified number of positive samples. PP includes recent combinatorial methods for COVID-19, and enables new constructions that can result in more effective designs.

Conclusion
For low prevalences of COVID-19, group tests can save resources when compared to individual testing. Constructions from the recent literature on combinatorial methods have gaps with respect to the designs that are available. We develop a method (PP), which generalizes previous constructions and enables new designs that can be advantageous in various situations.
Ancestral chromosomal signatures of Paenungulata (Afroteria) reveal the karyotype of Amazonian manatee (Trichechus inunguis, Sirenia: Trichechidae) as the oldest among American manatees
Authors: Tavares Flávia dos Santos , Oliveira da Silva Willam , Ferguson-Smith Malcolm Andrew , Klautau Alex Garcia Cavalleiro de Macedo , Oliveira Jairo Moura , Rodrigues Angélica Lúcia Figueiredo , Melo-Santos Gabriel , Pieczarka Julio Cesar , Nagamachi Cleusa Yoshiko , Noronha Renata Coelho Rodrigues 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Chromosomal painting in manatees has clarified questions about the rapid evolution of sirenians within the Paenungulata clade. Further cytogenetic studies in Afrotherian species may provide information about their evolutionary dynamics, revealing important insights into the ancestral karyotype in the clade representatives. The karyotype of Trichechus inunguis (TIN, Amazonian manatee) was investigated by chromosome painting, using probes from Trichechus manatus latirostris (TML, Florida manatee) to analyze the homeologies between these sirenians.

Results
A high similarity was found between these species, with 31 homologous segments in TIN, nineteen of which are whole autosomes, besides the X and Y sex chromosomes. Four chromosomes from TML (4, 6, 8, and 9) resulted in two hybridization signals, totaling eight acrocentrics in the TIN karyotype. This study confirmed in TIN the chromosomal associations of Homo sapiens (HSA) shared in Afrotheria, such as the 5/21 synteny, and in the Paenungulata clade with the syntenies HSA 2/3, 8/22, and 18/19, in addition to the absence of HSA 4/8 common in eutherian ancestral karyotype (EAK).

Conclusions
TIN shares more conserved chromosomal signals with the Paenungulata Ancestral Karyotype (APK, 2n = 58) than Procavia capensis (Hyracoidea), Loxodonta africana (Proboscidea) and TML (Sirenia), where TML presents less conserved signals with APK, demonstrating that its karyotype is the most derived among the representatives of Paenungulata. The chromosomal changes that evolved from APK to the T. manatus and T. inunguis karyotypes (7 and 4 changes, respectively) are more substantial within the Trichechus genus compared to other paenungulates. Among these species, T. inunguis presents conserved traits of APK in the American manatee genus. Consequently, the karyotype of T. manatus is more derived than that of T. inunguis.
Effects of sustained hyperprolactinemia in late gestation on the mammary parenchymal tissue transcriptome of gilts
Authors: Palin Marie-France , Caron Anouk , Farmer Chantal 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundGilts experiencing sustained hyperprolactinemia from d 90 to 109 of gestation showed an early onset of lactogenesis coupled with premature mammary involution. To better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the premature mammary involution observed in these gilts, a transcriptomic analysis was undertaken. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effect of hyperprolactinemia on the global transcriptome in the mammary tissue of late gestating gilts and identify the molecular pathways involved in triggering premature mammary involution.MethodsOn d 90 of gestation, gilts received daily injections of (1) canola oil until d 109 ± 1 of gestation (CTL,n = 18); (2) domperidone (to induce hyperprolactinemia) until d 96 ± 1 of gestation (T7,n = 17) or; (3) domperidone (until d 109 ± 1 of gestation (T20,n = 17). Mammary tissue was collected on d 110 of gestation and total RNA was isolated from six CTL and six T20 gilts for microarray analysis. The GeneChip® Porcine Gene 1.0 ST Array was used for hybridization. Functional enrichment analyses were performed to explore the biological significance of differentially expressed genes, using the DAVID bioinformatics resource.ResultsThe expression of 335 genes was up-regulated and that of 505 genes down-regulated in the mammary tissue of T20 vs CTL gilts. Biological process GO terms and KEGG pathways enriched in T20 vs CTL gilts reflected the concurrent premature lactogenesis and mammary involution. When looking at individual genes, it appears that mammary cells from T20 gilts can simultaneously upregulate the transcription of milk proteins such asWAP,CSN1S2andLALBA,and genes triggering mammary involution such asSTAT3,OSMRandIL6R. The down-regulation ofPRLRexpression and up-regulation of genes known to inactivate the JAK-STAT5 pathway (CISH,PTPN6) suggest the presence of a negative feedback loop trying to counteract the effects of hyperprolactinemia.ConclusionsGenes and pathways identified in this study suggest that sustained hyperprolactinemia during late-pregnancy, in the absence of suckling piglets, sends conflicting pro-survival and cell death signals to mammary epithelial cells. Reception of these signals results in a mammary gland that can simultaneously synthesize milk proteins and initiate mammary involution.
Molecular characterization reveals that OsSAPK3 improves drought tolerance and grain yield in rice
Authors: Lou Dengji , Lu Suping , Chen Zhen , Lin Yi , Yu Diqiu , Yang Xiaoyan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Many data suggest that the sucrose non-fermenting 1-related kinases 2 (SnRK2s) are very important to abiotic stress for plants. In rice, these kinases are known as osmotic stress/ABA–activated protein kinases (SAPKs). Osmotic stress/ABA–activated protein kinase 3 (OsSAPK3) is a member of SnRK2II in rice, but its function is still unclear.

Results
The expression of OsSAPK3 was up regulated by drought, NaCl, PEG and ABA. OsSAPK3 mutated seedings (sapk3-1 and sapk3-2) showed reduced hypersensitivity to exogenous ABA. In addition, under drought conditions, sapk3-1 and sapk3-2 showed more intolerance to drought, including decreased survival rate, increased water loss rate, increased stomatal conductance and significantly decreased expression levels of SLAC1 and SLAC7. Physiological and metabolic analyses showed that OsSAPK3 might play an important role in drought stress signaling pathway by affecting osmotic adjustment and osmolytes, ROS detoxification and expression of ABA dependent and independent dehydration-responsive genes. All gronomic traits analyses demonstrated that OsSAPK3 could improve rice yield by affecting the regulation of tiller numbers and grain size.

Conclusion
OsSAPK3 plays an important role in both ABA-dependent and ABA-independent drought stress responses. More interestingly, OsSAPK3 could improve rice yield by indirectly regulating tiller number and grain size. These findings provide new insight for the development of drought-resistant rice.
New approaches to the effects of Si on sugarcane ratoon under irrigation in Quartzipsamments, Eutrophic Red Oxisol, and Dystrophic Red Oxisol
Authors: Costa Milton G. , de M. Prado Renato , Sarah Marcilene M. Santos , Palaretti Luiz F. , de C. Piccolo Marisa , Souza Júnior Jonas P. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
C:N:P homeostasis in plants guarantees optimal levels of these nutrients in plant metabolism. H However, one of the causes to the effects of deficit irrigation is the loss of C:N:P homeostasis in leaves and stems that causes reduction in the growth of sugarcane. Being able to measure the impact of water deficit on C:N:P homeostasis in plants from the stoichiometric ratios of the concentrations of these nutrients in leaves and stems. This loss causes a decrease in nutritional efficiency, but can be mitigated with the use of silicon. Silicon favors the homeostasis of these nutrients and crop productivity. The magnitude of this benefit depends on the absorption of Si by the plant and Si availability in the soil, which varies with the type of soil used. Thus, this study aims to evaluate whether the application of Si via fertigation is efficient in increasing the absorption of Si and whether it is capable of modifying the homeostatic balance of C:N:P of the plant, causing an increase in nutritional efficiency and consequently in the production of biomass in leaves and stems of sugarcane ratoon cultivated with deficient and adequate irrigations in different tropical soils.

Results
Water deficit caused biological losses in concentrations and accumulation of C, N, and P, and reduced the nutrient use efficiency and biomass production of sugarcane plants cultivated in three tropical soils due to disturbances in the stoichiometric homeostasis of C:N:P. The application of Si increased the concentration and accumulation of Si, C, N, and P and their use efficiency and reduced the biological damage caused by water deficit due to the modification of homeostatic balance of C:N:P by ensuring sustainability of the production of sugarcane biomass in tropical soils. However, the intensity of attenuation of such deleterious effects stood out in plants cultivated in Eutrophic Red Oxisols. Si contributed biologically by improving the performance of sugarcane ratoon with an adequate irrigation due to the optimization of stoichiometric ratios of C:N:P; increased the accumulation and the use efficiency of C, N, and P, and promoted production gains in biomass of sugarcane in three tropical soils.

Conclusion
Our study shows that fertigation with Si can mitigate the deleterious effects of deficient irrigation or potentiate the beneficial effects using an adequate irrigation system due to the induction of a new stoichiometric homeostasis of C:N:P, which in turn improves the nutritional efficiency of sugarcane cultivated in tropical soils.
Effective web-based clinical practice guidelines resources: recommendations from a mixed methods usability study
Authors: Wang Wei , Choi Dorothy , Yu Catherine H. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Clinical practice guidelines (CPG) are an important knowledge translation resource to help clinicians stay up to date about relevant clinical knowledge. Effective communication of guidelines, including format, facilitates its implementation. Despite the digitalization of healthcare, there is little literature to guide CPG website creation for effective dissemination and implementation. Our aim was to assess the effectiveness of the content and format of the Diabetes Canada CPG website, and use our results to inform recommendations for other CPG websites.

Methods
Fourteen clinicians (family physicians, nurses, pharmacists, and dieticians) in diabetes care across Canada participated in this mixed-methods study (questionnaires, usability testing and interviews). Participants “thought-aloud” while completing eight usability tasks on the CPG website. Outcomes included task success rate, completion time, click per tasks, resource used, paths, search attempts and success rate, and error types. Participants were then interviewed.

Results
The Diabetes Canada CPG website was found to be usable. Participants had a high task success rate of 79% for all tasks and used 144 (standard deviation (SD) = 152) seconds and 4.6 (SD = 3.9) clicks per task. Interactive tools were most frequently used compared to full guidelines and static tools. Misinterpretation accounted for 48% of usability errors. Participants overall found the website intuitive, with effective content and design elements.

Conclusion
Different versions of CPG information (e.g. interactive tools, quick reference guide, static tools) can help answer clinical questions more quickly. Effective web design should be assessed during CPG website creation for effective guideline dissemination and implementation.
The relationship between self-reported physical frailty and sensor-based physical activity measures in older adults – a multicentric cross-sectional study
Authors: Schmidle Stephanie , Gulde Philipp , Koster Raphael , Soaz Cristina , Hermsdörfer Joachim 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The decline in everyday life physical activity reflects and contributes to the frailty syndrome. While especially self-reported frailty assessments have the advantage of reaching large groups at low costs, little is known about the relationship between the self-report and objective measured daily physical activity behavior.
The main objective was to evaluate whether and to what extent a self-reported assessment of frailty is associated with daily physical activity patterns.

Methods
Daily activity data were obtained from 88 elderly participants (mean 80.6 ± 9.1 years) over up to 21 days. Acceleration data were collected via smartwatch. According to the results of a self-report frailty questionnaire, participants were retrospectively split up into three groups, F (frail, n = 43), P (pre-frail, n = 33), and R (robust, n = 12). Gait- and activity-related measures were derived from the built-in step detector and acceleration sensor and comprised, i.a., standard deviation of 5-s-mean amplitude deviation (MADstd), median MAD (MADmedian), and the 95th percentile of cadence (STEP95). Parameters were fed into a PCA and component scores were used to derive behavioral clusters.

Results
The PCA suggested two components, one describing gait and one upper limb activity. Mainly gait related parameters showed meaningful associations with the self-reported frailty score (STEP95: R2 = 0.25), while measures of upper limb activity had lower coefficients (MADmedian: R2 = 0.07). Cluster analysis revealed two clusters with low and relatively high activity in both dimensions (cluster 2 and 3). Interestingly, a third cluster (cluster 1) was characterized by high activity and low extent of ambulation. Comparisons between the clusters showed significant differences between activity, gait, age, sex, number of chronic diseases, health status, and walking aid. Particularly, cluster 1 contained a higher number of female participants, whose self-reports tended towards a low health status, the frequent use of a walking aid, and a higher score related to frailty questions.

Conclusions
The results demonstrate that subjective frailty assessments may be a simple first screening approach. However, especially older women using walking aids may classify themselves as frail despite still being active. Therefore, the results of self-reports may be particularly biased in older women.
Yolk sac tumor and dysgerminoma in the left gonad following gonadoblastoma in the right gonad in a 46,XY DSD with a novel SRY missense mutation: a case report
Authors: Xie Chengxiu , Cai Jian , Li Nan , Hua Ping , Yang Zexuan , Yu Xia , Tang Dongmei , Hu Yu , Liu Qingsong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Approximately 10–15% of 46,XY disorders of sex development (DSDs) have an SRY mutation residing in the high mobility group (HMG) domain. Here, we present a case of 46,XY DSD caused by a novel missense mutation in the HMG region of SRY rapidly progressing to germ cell tumors (GCTs).

Case presentation
An adolescent female (15 years old) exhibiting primary amenorrhea was later diagnosed as a 46,XY female with bilateral gonadal dysplasia on the basis of peripheral lymphocyte karyotype 46,XY and a novel missense mutation in SRY (c.281 T > G, p.L94R). The novel missense mutation (c.281 T > G, p.L94R) and its adjacent region were conserved. Protein structure analysis showed that the mutant site was located in the middle of the HMG domain, and the mutant protein had a diminished ability to bind to DNA. Imaging examination revealed an adolescent female with a naive uterus. Laparoscopy and initial pathological examination revealed left gonadal dysplasia and right gonadal dysplasia with gonadoblastoma (GB). Right gonadectomy by laparoscopy was performed upon consent from the patient’s parents. Less than 1 year postoperatively, the left gonadal gland deteriorated as observed by the findings of a mass in the left adnexal region by pelvic MRI and serum AFP > 1000 ng/ml by serological tests, and then total hysterectomy and adnexal and left gonadectomy by laparoscopy were performed. The GCT stage was classified as stage Ic according to FIGO. At this time, pathologic examination showed that the left gonad had progressed to yolk sac tumor and dysgerminoma. The patient underwent chemotherapy post-operatively but developed type III myelosuppression and tumor recurrence several months later.

Conclusions
The patient initially presented with right gonadoblastoma but chose only right gonadectomy by laparoscopy to preserve the female sex characteristics, which resulted in rapid deterioration of the left gonad and poor treatment outcomes. This case demonstrates the importance of early genetic diagnosis and treatment of 46,XY female DSD.