bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non‐Contrast‐Enhanced Functional Lung MRI to Evaluate Treatment Response of Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis in Patients With Cystic Fibrosis: A Pilot Study
Authors: Benlala Ilyes , Klaar Rabea , Gaass Thomas , Macey Julie , Bui Stéphanie , Senneville Baudouin Denis De , Berger Patrick , Laurent François , Dournes Gael , Dinkel Julien 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundAllergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients is associated with severe lung damage and requires specific therapeutic management. Repeated imaging is recommended to both diagnose and follow‐up response to treatment of ABPA in CF. However, high risk of cumulative radiation exposure requires evaluation of free‐radiation techniques in the follow‐up of CF patients with ABPA.PurposeTo evaluate whether Fourier decomposition (FD) functional lung MRI can detect response to treatment of ABPA in CF patients.Study TypeRetrospective longitudinal.PopulationTwelve patients (7M, median‐age:14 years) with CF and ABPA with pre‐ and post‐treatment MRI.Field Strength/Sequence2D‐balanced‐steady‐state free‐precession (bSSFP) sequence with FD at 1.5T.AssessmentVentilation‐weighted (V) and perfusion‐weighted (Q) maps were obtained after FD processing of 2D‐coronal bSSFP time‐resolved images acquired before and 3–9 months after treatment. Defects extent was assessed on the functional maps using a qualitative semi‐quantitative score (0 = absence/negligible, 1 = <50%, 2 = >50%). Mean and coefficient of variation (CV) of the ventilation signal‐intensity (VSI) and the perfusion signal‐intensity (QSI) were calculated. Measurements were performed independently by three readers and averaged. Inter‐reader reproducibility of the measurements was assessed. Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) were performed within 1 week of both MRI studies as markers of the airflow‐limitation severity.Statistical TestsComparisons of medians were performed using the paired Wilcoxon‐test. Reproducibility was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Correlations between MRI and PFT parameters were assessed using the Spearman‐test (rho correlation‐coefficient). A P‐value <0.05 was considered as significant.ResultsDefects extent on both V and Q maps showed a significant reduction after ABPA treatment (4.25 vs. 1.92 for V‐defect‐score and 5 vs. 2.75 for Q‐defect‐score). VSI_mean was significantly increased after treatment (280 vs. 167). Qualitative analyses reproducibility showed an ICC > 0.90, while the ICCs of the quantitative measurements was almost perfect (>0.99). Changes in VSI_cv and QSI_cv before and after treatment correlated inversely with changes of FEV1%p (rho = −0.68 for both).Data ConclusionNon‐contrast‐enhanced FD lung MRI has potential to reproducibly assess response to treatment of ABPA in CF patients and correlates with PFT obstructive parameters.Evidence Level4Technical EfficacyStage 3
Lauroyl arginate ethyl: A novel bio‐based CO2‐switchable surfactant
Authors: Chen Chuhao , Luan Huoxin , Lei Zhengyu , Li Lingyu , Feng Zihan , Zhang Dongmei , Su Xin , Feng Yujun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFor switchable surfactant to be reusable, its property must be activated by a stimulus after it has been utilized. Nonetheless, a plenty of switchable surfactants are environmentally harmful tertiary amines. This study investigates the biocompatible amino acid derivatives, lauroyl arginate ethyl (LAE) as a new biodegradable CO2‐switchable surfactant. In the study, LAE was prepared and its structure was characterized. The variation of pH value was measured to determine the responsiveness to CO2. The surface tension and interfacial tension were measured to determine the surface activity of the material. Finally, CO2 and N2 were injected into the solution to determine reversible emulsification of emulsion. Not only does the LAE have reversible emulsification capacity, but it is also non‐toxic and biodegradable. In the future, its applications in everyday life and industry will expand.
A pilot study: Nano‐hydroxyapatite‐PEG/PLA containing low dose rhBMP2 stimulates proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Dede Eda Çiftci , Gizer Merve , Korkusuz Feza , Bal Zeynep , Ishiguro Hiroyuki , Yoshikawa Hideki , Kaito Takashi , Korkusuz Petek 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundBone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) can enhance posterolateral spinal fusion (PLSF). The minimum effective dose that may stimulate mesenchymal stem cells however remains unknown. Nano‐hydroxyapatite (nHAp) polyethylene glycol (PEG)/polylactic acid (PLA) was combined with recombinant human BMP2 (rhBMP2). We in vitro evaluated proliferation, differentiation, and osteogenic genes of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells with 0.5, 1.0, and 3.0 μg/mL rhBMP2 doses in this study.MethodsIn vitro experimental study was designed to proliferation by a real‐time quantitative cell analysis system and the osteogenic differentiation by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and osteogenic marker (Runx2, OPN, and OCN) gene expressions of human derived bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs). nHAp was produced by wet chemical process and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscopy, and energy‐dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy. PEG/PLA polymer was produced at a 51:49 molar ratio. 0.5, 1.0, and 3.0 μg/mL rhBMP2 and nHAp was combined with the polymers. hBMMSCs were characterized by multipotency assays and surface markers were assessed by flow cytometer. The hBMMSC‐rhBMP2 containing nHAp‐PEG/PLA composite interaction was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy. Proliferative effect was evaluated by real‐time proliferation analysis, and osteogenic capacity was evaluated by ALP activity assay and qPCR.ResultshBMMSC proliferation in the 0.5 μg/mL rhBMP2 + nHAp‐PEG/PLA and the 1.0 μg/mL rhBMP2 + nHAp‐PEG/PLA groups were higher compared to control. 1.0 μg/mL rhBMP2 + nHAp‐PEG/PLA and 3.0 μg/mL rhBMP2 + nHAp‐PEG/PLA containing composites induced ALP activity on days 3 and 10. 0.5 μg/mL rhBMP2 + nHAp‐PEG/PLA application stimulated Runx2 and OPN gene expressions.ConclusionrhBMP2 + nHAp‐PEG/PLA composites stimulate hBMMSC proliferation and differentiation. The nHAp‐PEG/PLA composite with low dose of rhBMP2 may enhance bone formation in future clinical PLSF applications.
Plantamajoside modulates immune dysregulation and hepatic lipid metabolism in rats with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease viaAMPK/Nrf2 elevation
Authors: Wu Ji‐Mu , Zhaori Getu , Mei Li , Ren Xiao‐Man , Laga Arong Tong , Deligen Batu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a hepatic metabolic syndrome with a rapidly increasing prevalence globally. Plantamajoside (PMS), a phenylethanoid glycoside component extracted fromPlantago asiatica, has various biological properties. However, its effect on NAFLD remains unknown. The study aimed to explore the effect and mechanism of PMS on NAFLD in the high‐fat diet (HFD)‐feeding rats. PMS induced a decrease in body and liver weight, and the amelioration in the blood lipid parameters and pathological symptoms in HFD‐feeding rats. The increase in the serum concentrations and the relative protein expressions of proinflammatory factors was decreased by the PMS treatment in HFD‐induced NAFLD rats. Additionally, PMS reduced the excessive lipid vacuoles, and modified the relative expressions of proteins involved in the fatty acid synthesis and uptake in HFD‐feeding rats. Mechanically, the downregulation of AMPK/Nrf2 pathway in HFD‐feeding rats was restored by the PMS treatment. Inhibition of AMPK pathway reversed the PMS‐induced the increase in the level of inflammatory factors, pathological symptoms, excessive lipid vacuoles, and the relative expression of proteins involved in the fatty acid synthesis and uptake. Collectively, PMS ameliorated immune dysregulation and abnormal hepatic lipid metabolism by activating AMPK/Nrf2 pathway in rats with NAFLD.
The effects of combining front‐of‐pack nutritional labels on consumers' subjective understanding, trust, and preferences
Authors: Mazzù Marco Francesco , Marozzo Veronica , Baccelloni Angelo , Giambarresi Andrea 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe decision to adopt a unique mandatory front‐of‐pack nutritional label (FOPL) has currently been delayed by the European Union (EU) as contrasting evidence exists on which one might consistently better encourage customers toward healthier diets. In this context, little attention has been dedicated to investigating the potential effects of having more than one front‐of‐pack nutritional label on food products. This study aims to verify if a combination of front‐of‐pack nutritional labels (i.e., a “bundle”) performs better for consumer understanding, trust, and preferences (such as liking) toward the label by helping consumers make healthier and more informed food choices. With this in mind, the study focused on three front‐of‐pack nutritional labels developed by public institutions that are central to the research and the recent EU policy‐making debate. In three controlled experiments, building upon the “directiveness” front‐of‐pack nutritional label schemes, we find that the combination of a nondirective (i.e., NutrInform Battery) and a directive (i.e., Keyhole) label outperforms both the combination of two directive labels (i.e., Nutri‐Score and Keyhole) and a single‐directive front‐of‐pack nutritional label (i.e., Keyhole) on subjective understanding, trust in the label and liking. Results cast light on the bundling of front‐of‐pack nutritional labels as a potentially different approach that might be further analyzed by researchers and provide a substantive contribution to managers and policy‐makers in their decision toward a unified front‐of‐pack nutritional label within the European Community.
Evaporative Dry Powders Derived from Cellulose Nanofiber Organogels to Fully Recover Inherent High Viscosity and High Transparency of Water Dispersion
Authors: Yagyu Hitomi , Kasuga Takaaki , Ogata Nodoka , Koga Hirotaka , Daicho Kazuho , Goi Yohsuke , Nogi Masaya 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWater containing low amounts of cellulose nanofiber (CNF) is widely used as a thickening agent owing to its three unique properties: high transparency, viscosity, and controllable viscosity based on the shear rate. CNF dry powders are used to reduce the transportation and storage costs or expand applications as a thickening agent. Herein, the preparation of CNF dry powders that can be used to obtain redispersions while maintaining the aforementioned properties is reported. In this regard, the dehydration and vaporization procedures for a CNF water dispersion without using additives are discussed. When dry powders are prepared by removing water by boiling, their redispersions do not exhibit all their unique properties because of dense aggregations. However, when their redispersions are vigorously stirred to break the dense aggregations, they become transparent, although they do not recover their initial viscosity. Freeze‐dried powders recover all their initial properties after redispersion. Nevertheless, their large volume does not reduce the transportation and storage costs. When the liquid is evaporated from the solvent‐exchanged CNF organogels, their redispersions also fully recover all their properties. Furthermore, the evaporative dry powders with dense small volumes and good handling contribute to reducing the transportation and storage costs.
Sensitive carbon monoxide detection based on laser absorption spectroscopy with hollow‐core antiresonant fiber
Authors: Chen Weipeng , Qiao Shunda , Zhao Zixu , Gao Shoufei , Wang Yingying , Ma Yufei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA carbon monoxide (CO) sensing system based on hollow‐core antiresonant fiber (HC‐ARF) is developed using tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) technology. A HC‐ARF with length of 75 cm is applied as light transmission passage and gas chamber. Compared with conventional multipass cell, HC‐ARF has the advantages of compact volume, low cost, steady transmission, and simple optical alignment. Two techniques of direct absorption spectroscopy (DAS) and wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) were used respectively. In DAS, the minimum detection limit (MDL) was 12251.04 ppm. In WMS, the modulation depth of this HC‐ARF based CO‐TDLAS sensor was optimized to be 0.13 cm−1 and the R‐squared numeric of the linear relationship between the peak of the 2 f signal and the gas concentration was 0.99, indicating that the system has a nice linear responsiveness to the CO gas concentration. Finally, the MDL of the sensor was calculated to be 196.33 ppm.
An ultra‐wideband MIMO system with multi‐loop mode for full‐screen smartphone applications
Authors: Ren Aidi , Zhang Zhanhao , Chen Qian , Yu Haoran , Yang Lixia , Huang Zhixiang , Liu Ying 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this letter, an ultra‐wideband (UWB) eight‐element multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna system with multi‐loop modes for fifth‐generation (5G) smartphones is presented. The antenna unit has a simple structure and is composed of an inverted U‐shaped feeding strip and an L‐shaped grounding radiation strip with a hollow out in the middle. Owing to the generation of two coupling loop modes, the working bandwidth of the proposed antenna unit covers 3.2−6.4 GHz. Besides, the simulated and measured results show that the isolation between any two antennas is better than 12.0 dB, and the total efficiency of each element is higher than 50%. Meanwhile, the measured radiation pattern, envelope correlation coefficients, channel capacity loss, mean effective gain, and diversity gain are also given in this letter. The above results demonstrate that the MIMO system has the advantages of simple structure, convenient manufacture, and superior performance.
Real‐Time Intraoperative Detection of Margins for Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Tam Kenric , Huang Shan , Mukdad Laith , Alhiyari Yazeed , Krane Jeffrey , Shori Ramesh , Stafsudd Oscar , St. John Maie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObtaining negative surgical cancer margins is the strongest predictor for the long‐term survival of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma patients. To verify that the tumor has been completely removed, surgeons rely on pathologic evaluation of frozen sections to determine surgical margins, which can be time‐consuming and subjective. Herein, we detail the real‐time intraoperative use of dynamic optical contrast imaging (DOCI), a novel imaging modality that rapidly distinguishes head and neck cancer from healthy adjacent tissues based on fluorescence decay information from spectral bands in the UV‐VIS range. Analysis of DOCI revealed microscopic characterization sufficient for tissue type identification consistent with histology (p < .05). DOCI delivers a clinically relevant tool that may better inform and drive precision surgery, directly impacting surgical outcomes and improving overall survival for our patients.
Low velocity impact performance of 3D auxetic composites embedded with re‐entrant triangle inclusions
Authors: Zhang Minglonghai , Ho Mabel Mei Po , Hu Hong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper reports the low‐velocity impact performance of 3D auxetic composite embedded with re‐entrant triangle inclusions by both experiments and finite element (FE) simulations. Both auxetic and non‐auxetic samples were manufactured by embedding inclusions made from carbon fiber/epoxy laminates into silicone rubber matrix. The pure silicone rubber was also manufactured for comparison. All samples were subjected to low‐velocity impact with an impact energy of 147 J and an impact speed of 5.42 m/s and their impact load‐time and energy‐time curves were compared between the experimental results and FE simulation. The impact performances under different impact energies from 60 to 120 J were further investigated based on the validated FE models. The results show that the auxetic composites show better energy absorption capacity and impact resistance than non‐auxetic composites with the same number of inclusions at all energy levels. More inclusions can result in better impact resistance of auxetic composites when the impact energy is under 120 J. The auxetic composites possess 10% higher crash efficiency than non‐auxetic samples. The embedding of inclusions leads to easier damage of the composite under impact energy of 147 J. The research provides a better understanding on the impact performance of auxetic composites made from random inclusions.
US states' racial bias correlates with less SNAP participation by “undeserving poor” adults and lower unemployment benefit maximums
Authors: Snowden Lonnie R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe present study assessed whether Whites' anti‐African American bias correlates with states placing greater emphasis on work incentives in two government assistance programs. The study regressed the representation of “able‐bodied adults without dependents” in Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Programs (SNAP, also known as food stamps) and maximum unemployment benefits on White residents' implicit and explicit bias, while controlling for key economic and sociopolitical covariates. Findings indicate that states with greater bias had proportionally fewer SNAP‐designated “Able‐Bodied Adults Without Dependents” and states with greater implicit and explicit bias had lower unemployment benefit maximums. Due to Whites' anti‐African American bias, persons of all races and ethnicities who otherwise might benefit from public assistance are exposed to food insecurity and lesser financial support when unemployed.
Biomarkers of lung alveolarization and microvascular maturation in response to intermittent hypoxia and/or early antioxidant/fish oil supplementation in neonatal rats
Authors: Marcelino Matthew , Cai Charles L. , Wadowski Stephen , Aranda Jacob V. , Beharry Kay D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveExtremely preterm infants experience frequent intermittent hypoxia (IH) episodes during oxygen therapy which causes significant damage to the lungs and curtails important signaling pathways that regulate normal lung alveolarization and microvascular maturation. We tested the hypothesis that early supplementation with fish oil and/or antioxidants in rats exposed to neonatal IH improves expression of lung biomarkers of alveolarization and microvascular maturation, and reduces IH‐induced lung injury.Study Design/MethodsFrom birth (P0) to P14, rat pups were exposed to room air (RA) or neonatal IH during which they received daily oral supplementation with either: (1) olive oil (OO) (control); (2) Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in OO; (3) fish oil; (4) glutathione nanoparticles (nGSH); or (5) fish oil +CoQ10. At P14 pups were placed in RA until P21 with no further treatment. RA controls were similarly treated. Lung growth and alveolarization, histopathology, apoptosis, oxidative stress and biomarkers of alveolarization and microvascular maturation were determined.ResultsNeonatal IH was associated with reduced lung weights and severe histopathological outcomes. These effects were curtailed with fish oil and nGSH. nGSH was also protective against apoptosis, while CoQ10 prevented IH‐induced ROS production. Of all treatments, nGSH and CoQ10 + fish oil‐induced vascular endothelial growth factor165 and CD31 (Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule‐1), which are associated with angiogenesis. CoQ10 + fish oil improved alveolarization in RA and IH despite evidence of hemorrhage.ConclusionsThe benefits of nGSH and CoQ10 + fish oil suggest an antioxidant effect which may be required to curtail IH‐induced lung injury. Further clinical assessment of the effectiveness of nGSH is warranted.
Roles of Cobalt‐Coordinated Polymeric Perylene Diimide in Hematite Photoanodes for Improved Water Oxidation
Authors: Gao Lili , Chai Huan , Niu Huilin , Jin Jun , Ma Jiantai 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInterfacial charge recombination is a permanent issue that impedes the photon energy utilization in photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. Herein, a conjugated polymer, urea linked perylene diimide polymer (PDI), is introduced to the designation of hematite‐based composite photoanodes. On account of its unique molecule structure with abundant electronegative atoms, the O and N atoms with lone electron pairs can bond with Fe atoms at the surface of Zr4+ doped α‐Fe2O3 (Zr:Fe2O3) and thus establish charge transfer channels for expediting hole separation and migration. Meanwhile, PDI molecules can passivate the surface states in Zr:Fe2O3, which is in favor of suppressing carrier recombination. Particularly, Co2+ is used to coordinate with PDI (Co‐PDI) to accelerate hole extraction as well as utilization, and the as‐obtained Co‐PDI form type‐II heterojunction with Zr:Fe2O3. Such a photoanode configuration takes advantage of the unique molecule structure of PDI, and the target Co‐PDI/Zr:Fe2O3 photoanodes eventually attain a photocurrent density of 2.17 mA cm−2, which is inspirational for unearthing the potential use of conjugative molecules in PEC fields.
An assessment of the feasibility of initiating urban agriculture in Pardis New Town of Iran
Authors: Hedayatifard Maedeh , Azimi Mitra 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInitiation of urban agriculture in small‐scale urban areas not only serves an ecological function but has also become one of the most important measures in urban management for increasing the sociocultural capital and the mental and physical health of citizens through providing a site for the social relations of the urban population. Community gardens have become especially important in Iranian new towns, which are facing severe social challenges. This research attempts to evaluate the possibility of initiating a community garden in Pardis New Town using the qualitative approach and content analysis of interviews, focus group meetings, as well as online survey. Research findings have shown that despite the short period of residence in the Pardis New Town, due to the background of local and self‐organized communal activities to create a green neighborhood, the relatively adequate skills of residents in agriculture and gardening through work experience in their previous places of residence, and declaration of readiness to engage in volunteer activities, the conditions are favorable for the initiation of a community garden and for its bottom‐up management in collaboration with official institutions. The findings of the analysis have identified the strategic requirements in the areas of design and management of community gardens.
The tip of the iceberg—The roles of long noncoding RNAs in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Connerty Patrick , Lock Richard B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are traditionally defined as RNA transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that have no protein coding potential. LncRNAs have been identified to be dysregulated in various types of cancer, including the deadly hematopoietic cancer—acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Currently, survival rates for AML have reached a plateau necessitating new therapeutic targets and biomarkers to improve treatment options and survival from the disease. Therefore, the identification of lncRNAs as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for AML has major benefits. In this review, we assess the key studies which have recently identified lncRNAs as important molecules in AML and summarize the current knowledge of lncRNAs in AML. We delve into examples of the specific roles of lncRNA action in AML such as driving proliferation, differentiation block and therapy resistance as well as their function as tumor suppressors and utility as biomarkers.This article is categorized under:
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease