bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced variable universe fuzzy PID control of the active suspension based on expansion factor parameters adaption and genetic algorithm
Authors: Ji Guanggang , Zhang Lidong , Shan Mingyang , Zhang Jiwei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The optimal value of the expansion factor and quantization factor parameters is the key to determine the performance of the variable domain fuzzy proportion-integral-derivative (PID) controller. In view of the problem that the relevant parameters are fixed, difficult to determine and cannot be adjusted adaptively in the traditional variable domain fuzzy PID control, a kind of enhanced variable domain fuzzy PID control (EVUFP) is proposed to improve the ride comfort of vehicles. First, based on the traditional variable domain fuzzy PID control, an adaptive expansion factor controller is constructed to determine and adjust adaptively the parameters of the expansion factor in real time. Then the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the quantization factor and scale factor parameters to seek the optimal value of relevant parameters. And the obtained optimal parameters are substituted into the Simulink model to realize the design of the EVUFP controller. The simulation experiment results under different working conditions show that the proposed EVUFP control strategy can reduce the root mean square (RMS) values of the body acceleration, suspension dynamic deflection and tire dynamic load by more than 54%, 50% and 23%, respectively, improve the ride comfort of vehicles, and provide a new idea for the development of active suspensions.
A Fourier-Legendre spectral method for approximating the minimizers of 𝜎_{2,𝑝}-energy
Authors: Taghavi M. , Shahrokhi-Dehkordi M. 
Published: June 2023

This paper proposes a Fourier-Legendre spectral method to find the minimizers of a variational problem, called

σ

2
,
p

\sigma _{2,p}

-energy, in polar coordinates. Let

X

⊂

R

n

{\mathbb {X}}\subset \mathbb {R}^n

be a bounded Lipschitz domain and consider the energy functional

(
1.1
)

(1.1)

whose integrand is defined by

W

(
∇
u
(
x
)
)
≔
(

σ
2

(
u
)

)

p
2

+
Φ
(
det
∇
u
)

{\mathbf {W}}(\nabla u(x))≔(\sigma _2(u))^{\frac {p}{2}}+\Phi (\det \nabla u)

over an appropriate space of admissible maps,

A

p

(

X

)

\mathcal {A}_p({\mathbb {X}})

. Using Fourier and Legendre interpolation errors, we obtain an error estimate for the energy functional and prove a convergence theorem for the proposed method. Furthermore, we apply the gradient descent method to solve a nonlinear algebraic system which is obtained by discretizing the Euler-Lagrange equations. The numerical experiments are performed to demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of our method.
Utility of TRPS1 immunohistochemistry in confirming breast carcinoma: Emphasis on staining in triple-negative breast cancers and gynecologic tumors
Authors: Rammal Rayan , Goel Kanika , Elishaev Esther , Soong T Rinda , Jones Mirka W , Zhao Chengquan , Clark Beth Z , Carter Gloria J , Yu Jing , Fine Jeffrey L , Villatoro Tatiana M , Skvarca Lauren , Harinath Lakshmi , Bhargava Rohit 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Our aim was to explore the performance of TRPS1 as an immunohistochemical diagnostic marker; find the optimal conditions for its use in breast carcinomas, especially triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs); and compare its results in carcinomas of a select few organ sites, with an emphasis on gynecologic tumors.

Methods
Tissue microarrays from breast carcinomas (n = 197), endometrial adenocarcinomas (n = 69), ovarian tumors (n = 250), vulvar squamous cell carcinomas (n = 97), pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (n = 20), and gastric adenocarcinomas (n = 12) were stained with TRPS1 using 2 different conditions (protocol 1: high pH; protocol 2: low pH). Breast carcinomas consisted of hormone receptor (HR)–positive/ERBB2 (formerly HER2 or HER2/neu)–negative (n = 53) samples, HR-positive/ERBB2-positive (n = 6) samples, and TNBCs (n = 138).

Results
Comparing TRPS1 results in breast carcinomas vs tumors from other organ sites, the sensitivity of TRPS1 was 91% and 87%, respectively, while the specificity was 66% and 74% for protocol 1 and 2, respectively. For TNBCs vs gynecologic tumors, the sensitivity of TRPS1 was 89% and 85%, respectively, while the specificity was 65% and 73%, respectively.

Conclusions
TRPS1 stains approximately 90% of breast carcinomas but also up to 71% of endometrial carcinomas, albeit with a weaker median expression. Our data show that although TRPS1 is a highly sensitive marker for TNBCs, it is not as highly specific as previously reported.
Safety evaluation and maximum use level for transient ingestion in humans of allitol
Authors: Miyoshi Miku , Yoshihara Akihide , Mochizuki Susumu , Kato Shiro , Yoshida Hiromi , Matsuo Tatsuhiro , Kishimoto Yuka , Inazu Tadao , Kimura Isao , Izumori Ken , Akimitsu Kazuya 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Allitol is a hexitol produced by reducing the rare sugar D-allulose with a metal catalyst under hydrogen gas. To confirm the safe level of allitol, we conducted a series of safety assessments. From the results of Ames mutagenicity assay using Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98, TA100, TA1535, and TA1537, Escherichia coli strain WP2uvrA, and an in vitro chromosomal aberration test on cultured Chinese hamster cells, allitol did not show any significant genotoxic effect. No significant effects on general condition, urinalysis, hematology, physiology, histopathology, or at necropsy were observed at a dose of 1500 mg/kg body weight of allitol in the acute and 90-day subchronic oral-toxicity assessments for rats. A further study performed on healthy adult humans showed that the acute use level of allitol for diarrhea was 0.2 g/kg body weight for both men and women. The results of current safety assessment studies suggest that allitol is safe for human consumption.
The estimation of reproductive values from pedigrees
Authors: Borger Mirjam J , Komdeur Jan , Richardson David S , Weissing Franz J 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Quantifying fitness is important to understand adaptive evolution. Reproductive values are useful for making fitness comparisons involving different categories of individuals, like males and females. By definition, the reproductive value of a category is the expected per capita contribution of the members of that category to the gene pool of future generations. Life history theory reveals how reproductive values can be determined via the estimation of life-history parameters, but this requires an adequate life-history model and intricate algebraic calculations. Recently, an alternative pedigree-based method has become popular, which estimates the expected genetic contribution of individuals to future generations by tracking their descendants down the pedigree. This method is versatile and intuitively appealing, but it is unknown if the method produces estimates of reproductive values that are accurate and precise. To investigate this, we implement various life-history scenarios (for which the “true” reproductive values can be calculated) in individual-based simulations, use the simulation data to estimate reproductive values with the pedigree method, and compare the results with the true target values. We show that the pedigree-based estimation of reproductive values is either biased (in the short term) or imprecise (in the long term). This holds even for simple life histories and under idealized conditions. We conclude that the pedigree method is not a good substitute for the traditional method to quantify reproductive values.
DKADE: a novel framework based on deep learning and knowledge graph for identifying adverse drug events and related medications
Authors: Feng Ze-Ying , Wu Xue-Hong , Ma Jun-Long , Li Min , He Ge-Fei , Cao Dong-Sheng , Yang Guo-Ping 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Adverse drug events (ADEs) are common in clinical practice and can cause significant harm to patients and increase resource use. Natural language processing (NLP) has been applied to automate ADE detection, but NLP systems become less adaptable when drug entities are missing or multiple medications are specified in clinical narratives. Additionally, no Chinese-language NLP system has been developed for ADE detection due to the complexity of Chinese semantics, despite ˃10 million cases of drug-related adverse events occurring annually in China. To address these challenges, we propose DKADE, a deep learning and knowledge graph-based framework for identifying ADEs. DKADE infers missing drug entities and evaluates their correlations with ADEs by combining medication orders and existing drug knowledge. Moreover, DKADE can automatically screen for new adverse drug reactions. Experimental results show that DKADE achieves an overall F1-score value of 91.13%. Furthermore, the adaptability of DKADE is validated using real-world external clinical data. In summary, DKADE is a powerful tool for studying drug safety and automating adverse event monitoring.
Morphometry and network-based atrophy patterns in SCN1A-related Dravet syndrome
Authors: Lenge Matteo , Balestrini Simona , Mei Davide , Macconi Letizia , Caligiuri Maria Eugenia , Cuccarini Valeria , Aquino Domenico , Mazzi Federica , d’Incerti Ludovico , Darra Francesca , Bernardina Bernardo Dalla , Guerrini Renzo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Mutations of the voltage-gated sodium channel SCN1A gene (MIM#182389) are among the most clinically relevant epilepsy-related genetic mutations and present variable phenotypes, from the milder genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus to Dravet syndrome, a severe developmental and epileptic encephalopathy. Qualitative neuroimaging studies have identified malformations of cortical development in some patients and mild atrophic changes, partially confirmed by quantitative studies. Precise correlations between MRI findings and clinical variables have not been addressed. We used morphometric methods and network-based models to detect abnormal brain structural patterns in 34 patients with SCN1A-related epilepsy, including 22 with Dravet syndrome. By measuring the morphometric characteristics of the cortical mantle and volume of subcortical structures, we found bilateral atrophic changes in the hippocampus, amygdala, and the temporo-limbic cortex (P-value &lt; 0.05). By correlating atrophic patterns with brain connectivity profiles, we found the region of the hippocampal formation as the epicenter of the structural changes. We also observed that Dravet syndrome was associated with more severe atrophy patterns with respect to the genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus phenotype (r = −0.0613, P-value = 0.03), thus suggesting that both the underlying mutation and seizure severity contribute to determine atrophic changes.
Segregation and integration of sensory features by flexible temporal characteristics of independent neural representations
Authors: Han Zhili , Zhu Hao , Shen Yunyun , Tian Xing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSegregation and integration are two fundamental yet competing computations in cognition. For example, in serial speech processing, stable perception necessitates the sequential establishment of perceptual representations to remove irrelevant features for achieving invariance. Whereas multiple features need to combine to create a coherent percept. How to simultaneously achieve seemingly contradicted computations of segregation and integration in a serial process is unclear. To investigate their neural mechanisms, we used loudness and lexical tones as a research model and employed a novel multilevel oddball paradigm with Electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings to explore the dynamics of mismatch negativity (MMN) responses to their deviants. When two types of deviants were presented separately, distinct topographies of MMNs to loudness and tones were observed at different latencies (loudness earlier), supporting the sequential dynamics of independent representations for two features. When they changed simultaneously, the latency of responses to tones became shorter and aligned with that to loudness, while the topographies remained independent, yielding the combined MMN as a linear additive of single MMNs of loudness and tones. These results suggest that neural dynamics can be temporally synchronized to distinct sensory features and balance the computational demands of segregation and integration, grounding for invariance and feature binding in serial processing.
Social cohesion in platformized public spheres: toward a conceptual framework
Authors: Schneiders Pascal , Stegmann Daniel , Stark Birgit 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSocial cohesion is crucial for democratic societies since it unites individuals who do not have a direct relationship with each other. By representing social heterogeneity and enabling public debate, the public sphere is vital for fostering social cohesion. However, platformization—that is, the establishment of social media platforms as an infrastructure for public communication—challenges the constitution of publics and thus raises the question of whether the public sphere is still able to fulfill its cohesive function. Expanding on this question, our article systematically theorizes how platformization at the meso-level induces the emergence of a platformized public sphere at the macro-level. The article presents a framework that allows us to analyze: (1) which actors constitute publics in the age of platformization; (2) the logics according to which this happens; and (3) to what extent these logics, consisting of social media affordances and algorithms, contribute to the cohesive performance of platformized publics.
Gut Microbiome-Generated Phenylacetylglutamine from Dietary Protein is Associated with Crohn’s Disease and Exacerbates Colitis in Mouse Model Possibly via Platelet Activation
Authors: Feng Rui , Tian Zhenyi , Mao Ren , Ma Ruiqi , Luo Wanrong , Zhao Min , Li Xiaozhi , Liu Yunchong , Huang Kan , Xiang Liyuan , Zhuang Xiaojun , Huo Bitao , Yu Tiantian , Chen Sifan , Chen Minhu , Zhu Yijun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Our aims were to better understand the interplay of diet and gut microbiota in Crohn’s disease [CD], taking advantage of a new-onset treatment-naïve CD cohort. We focus on phenylacetylglutamine [PAGln], a diet-derived meta-organismal prothrombotic metabolite.

Design
We collected faecal and serum samples from a CD cohort [n = 136] and healthy controls [n = 126] prior to treatment, and quantified serum PAGln using LC-MS/MS. Diet was assessed using food-frequency questionnaires. Mice [C57BL/6] were fed high/low-protein diets and administered dextran sodium sulphate [DSS] to examine plasma PAGly, thrombosis potential, and colitis severity. PAGly or saline was administered to DSS-induced colitis mice, and colitis severity and colonic tissue gene expression were examined. P-selectin and CD40L expression were determined in human platelet-rich plasma [n = 5–6] after exposure to platelet agonists following PAGln priming. Bioinformatic analysis and bacterial culturing identified the main contributor of PAGln in CD.

Results
PAGln, a meta-organismal prothrombotic metabolite, is associated with CD. Administration of PAGly exacerbated colitis in a mouse model and upregulated coagulation-related biological processes. Antiplatelet medicine, dipyridamole, attenuated PAGly-enhanced colitis susceptibility. PAGln enhanced platelet activation and CD40L expression in platelet-rich plasma ex vivo. Further study revealed that high dietary protein intake and increased abundance of phenylacetic acid [PAA]-producing Proteobacteria mediated by phenylpyruvate decarboxylase act in concert to cause the elevated PAGln levels in CD patients.

Conclusion
Taken together, ppdc-carrying Proteobacteria-generated PAGln from dietary protein is associated with CD and exacerbates colitis possibly via platelet-induced coagulation and inflammation These results suggest that PAGln is a potential early diagnostic marker and therapeutic target of CD.
Histological validation of atrial structural remodelling in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Takahashi Yuya , Yamaguchi Takanori , Otsubo Toyokazu , Nakashima Kana , Shinzato Kodai , Osako Ryosuke , Shichida Shigeki , Kawano Yuki , Fukui Akira , Kawaguchi Atsushi , Aishima Shinichi , Saito Tsunenori , Takahashi Naohiko , Node Koichi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
This study aimed to histologically validate atrial structural remodelling associated with atrial fibrillation.

Methods and results
Patients undergoing atrial fibrillation ablation and endomyocardial atrial biopsy were included (n = 230; 67 ± 12 years old; 69 women). Electroanatomic mapping was performed during right atrial pacing. Voltage at the biopsy site (Vbiopsy), global left atrial voltage (VGLA), and the proportion of points with fractionated electrograms defined as ≥5 deflections in each electrogram (%Fractionated EGM) were evaluated. SCZtotal was calculated as the total width of slow conduction zones, defined as regions with a conduction velocity of &lt;30 cm/s. Histological factors potentially associated with electroanatomic characteristics were evaluated using multiple linear regression analyses. Ultrastructural features and immune cell infiltration were evaluated by electron microscopy and immunohistochemical staining in 33 and 60 patients, respectively. Fibrosis, intercellular space, myofibrillar loss, and myocardial nuclear density were significantly associated with Vbiopsy (P = .014, P &lt; .001, P &lt; .001, and P = .002, respectively) and VGLA (P = .010, P &lt; .001, P = .001, and P &lt; .001, respectively). The intercellular space was associated with the %Fractionated EGM (P = .001). Fibrosis, intercellular space, and myofibrillar loss were associated with SCZtotal (P = .028, P &lt; .001, and P = .015, respectively). Electron microscopy confirmed plasma components and immature collagen fibrils in the increased intercellular space and myofilament lysis in cardiomyocytes, depending on myofibrillar loss. Among the histological factors, the severity of myofibrillar loss was associated with an increase in macrophage infiltration.

Conclusion
Histological correlates of atrial structural remodelling were fibrosis, increased intercellular space, myofibrillar loss, and decreased nuclear density. Each histological component was defined using electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry studies.
Digest: Few new mutations are recessive lethal
Authors: Epley Benjamin R 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
When a new mutation arises, what is the probability that it is recessive lethal? Wade et al. find that fewer than 1% of nonsynonymous mutations in humans and Drosophila melanogaster are recessive lethal. The authors show that methods based on site frequency spectrum (SFS) analyses, though generally robust in their estimations of the nonlethal distribution of fitness effects (DFE), are unable to accurately estimate the fraction of recessive lethal mutations.
Gut microbiomes of captive primates show phylosymbiosis, respond to dietary sugar reduction, and select for host-specific dietary microbes
Authors: Bornbusch Sally L , Muletz-Wolz Carly R , Lopez-Bondarchuk Ekaterina , Maslanka Michael T , Kendrick Erin L 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHost-associated microbiomes are influenced by evolutionary history and proximate factors such as diet and environment. Zoos house animals in relatively standardized and manipulatable environments, making zoo populations valuable for studying microbiomes. Using a small population of five, closely related primate species housed under nearly identical environments, we investigated gut microbiome variation regarding (a) congruence between host evolutionary history and gut bacterial composition (i.e. phylosymbiosis), (b) a longitudinal reduction in dietary sugar intake, and (c) ingestion of bacteria from dietary sources. We found that the primate gut microbiomes varied across individuals and showed phylosymbiosis. When animals were fed diets with reduced sugar and increased fibre, we found host-specific changes in taxonomically distinct microbes (Phascolarctobacterium, Megasphaera, and Sharpea). Yet, these bacterial genera share similar functional potential (fibre degradation), indicating that the distinct bacterial communities may fulfill similar functions. Although all individuals received the same diet, the diet-associated bacteria in primate gut microbiomes were distinct across individuals of different species, suggesting a mechanism that selects for unique dietary microbes to persist in animal guts. Our findings show that the microbiomes of a small, captive primate population housed under uniform environmental conditions still show patterns congruent with combined influences of evolutionary history and diet.
“Live Gerontology”: Understanding and Representing Aging, Loneliness, and Long-Term Care Through Science and Art
Authors: Neves Barbara Barbosa , Wilson Josephine , Sanders Alexandra , Kokanović Renata , Burns Kate 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This article proposes an expansive conceptualization of gerontological research by engaging with a “live gerontology” that combines sciences and arts to better understand and represent aging and its diverse meanings and contexts. Borrowing the sociological concept of “live methods,” we argue that gerontology can benefit from a “live” approach—not only methodologically, but also conceptually. To guide pathways between artistic and gerontological fields and frame its practices and outcomes, we suggest four propositions for a live gerontology: (1) using multiple genres to artfully connect the whole—interweaving micro-, meso-, and macrolevels to contextualize aging within various sociocultural milieus; (2) fostering the use of the senses to capture more than just what people say—what they do, display, and feel; (3) enabling a critical inventiveness by relying on arts’ playfulness to design/refine instruments; and (4) ensuring a constant reflection on ethics of representation and public responsibility. To apply and experiment with a live gerontological approach, we describe collaborations with an award-winning writer and an illustrator. The collaborations drew on qualitative data from a study on lived experiences of loneliness in long-term care through ethnography and interviews with residents of 2 Australian facilities. The writer explored participants’ accounts as creative stories, which were then illustrated. Motivated by an ethics of representation, we aimed to represent findings without othering or further marginalizing participants. The creative materials offered more than appealing representations, shining new light on the intricate nature of aging, loneliness, institutionalization, and gerontology research and practice.