bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological Characteristics and Trends of Primary Hip Arthroplasty in Five Tertiary Hospitals: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
Authors: Sun Weiyi , Zhao Kuo , Wang Yanwei , Xu Kuishuai , Jin Lin , Chen Wei , Hou Zhiyong , Zhang Yingze 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveThe number of primary hip arthroplasty (PHA) has increased sharply in recent years. Whether the epidemiological characteristics and trends of PHA have changed are unknown. This study aims to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trends of those patients are urgent for public health institutions.MethodsThe data of patients who underwent PHA in five tertiary hospitals from January 2011 to December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 21,898 patients were included, most of whom were aged 60–69 years (25.1% males and 31.5% females). According to the hospitalization date, the patients were divided into two groups (Group A and Group B). The patients admitted between January 2011 and December 2015 were designated as Group A (7862), and those admitted between January 2016 and December 2020 were designated as Group B (14036). The patient data of the two groups, including sex, age, disease causes, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, surgical procedures, hospital stay duration, and hospitalization costs, were analyzed by Pearson chi‐Square test, Student t test or Mann–Whitney U test.ResultsMore women were included in Group B than in Group A (58.5% vs 52.5%, P < 0.001). The mean age of Group B was less than that of Group A (62.27 ± 14.77 vs 60.69 ± 14.44 years, P < 0.001). Femoral head necrosis was the primary pathogenic factor in both groups, with a higher proportion in Group B than in Group A (55.5% vs 45.5%, P < 0.001). Significant differences were found between the two groups in BMI, comorbidities, surgical procedures, hospital stay duration, and hospitalization costs. Total hip arthroplasty (THA) was the most common surgical procedure in both groups, with a higher proportion in Group B than in Group A (89.8% vs 79.3%, P < 0.001). The proportion of patients with one or more comorbidities was significantly higher in Group B than in Group A (69.2% vs 59.9%, P < 0.001). In addition, Group B had a shorter hospital stay duration and higher hospitalization costs than Group A.ConclusionFemoral head necrosis was the primary etiology for PHA in this study, followed by femoral neck fracture and hip osteoarthritis. Patients who underwent PHA exhibited a higher percentage of femoral head necrosis; underwent THA more often; and had larger BMIs, more comorbidities, higher medical costs, and younger age in the past decade.
Catheter ablation of the left‐sided variant of right top pulmonary vein in a case with persistent left superior vena cava
Authors: Nakatani Yosuke , Take Yutaka , Takizawa Ryoya , Yoshimura Shingo , Kaseno Kenichi , Yamashita Eiji , Naito Shigeto 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA 50‐year‐old woman underwent catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. Preoperative computed tomography revealed a left‐sided variant of the right top pulmonary vein (PV) and a persistent left superior vena cava. The right top PV was successfully isolated through a wide antral circumferential ablation line simultaneously with the right PVs.
Exceptions to the temperature–size rule: no Lilliput Effect in end‐Permian ostracods (Crustacea) from Aras Valley (northwest Iran)
Authors: Nätscher Paulina S. , Gliwa Jana , De Baets Kenneth , Ghaderi Abbas , Korn Dieter 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe body size of marine ectotherms is often negatively correlated with ambient water temperature, as seen in many clades during the hyperthermal crisis of the end‐Permian mass extinction (c. 252 Ma). However, in the case of ostracods, size changes during ancient hyperthermal events are rarely quantified. In this study, we evaluate the body size changes of ostracods in the Aras Valley section (northwest Iran) in response to the drastic warming during the end‐Permian mass extinction at three taxonomic levels: class, order, species. At the assemblage level, the warming triggers a complete species turnover in the Aras Valley section, with larger, newly emerging species dominating the immediate post‐extinction assemblage for a short time. Individual ostracod species and instars do not show dwarfing or a change in body size as an adaptation to the temperature stress during the end‐Permian crisis. This may indicate that the ostracods in the Aras Valley section might have been exceptions to the temperature–size rule (TSR), using an adaptation mechanism that does not involve a decrease in body size. This adaptation might be similar to the accelerated development despite constant instar body sizes that can be observed in some recent experimental studies of ostracod responses to thermal stress.
Hybrid breeding for fall armyworm resistance: Combining ability and hybrid prediction
Authors: Kamweru Isaac , Beyene Yoseph , Anani Bruce , Adetimirin Victor O. , Prasanna Boddupalli M. , Gowda Manje 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFall armyworm (FAW, Spodoptera frugiperda) emerged as a major lepidopteran pest destroying maize in sub‐Saharan Africa. A diallel mating design was used to generate 210 experimental hybrids from 21 lines. Experimental hybrids and four checks were evaluated in two locations. Commercial checks suffered higher foliar and ear damage compared to the top 15 hybrids. Mean squares associated with the genotypic variation were higher than genotype‐by‐environment interactions for foliar and ear damage traits. Heritabilities were moderate to high. Significant correlations were observed between grain yield (GY) with ear rot (−0.54) and ear damage (−0.45). Positive and significant GCA effects were observed for GY in seven parental lines, which were developed from multiple insect resistance breeding programmes. CKSBL10153 has the highest GCA value for GY and shows significant GCA effects for foliar and ear damage traits. These lines were identified as the ideal combiners for GY and FAW resistance and are therefore recommended for utilization as testers in the development of FAW‐resistant three‐way cross‐hybrid maize with correlated response for increased GY. GCA and marker‐based prediction correlations of GY were 0.79 and 0.96, respectively. Both GCA effects and marker‐based models were effective in predicting hybrid performance for FAW resistance.
On antigen‐specific signals, immune class regulation and energetics: Report III from the workshops on foundational concepts of immune regulation
Authors: Anderson Colin C. , Bonney Elizabeth A. , Mueller Thomas F. , Corthay Alexandre , Havele Calliopi , Singh Nevil J. , Øynebråten Inger , Bretscher Peter A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis is a report from a one‐week workshop held in Athens, Greece in July of 2022. The workshop aimed to identify emerging concepts relevant to the fundamentals of immune regulation and areas for future research. Theories of immune regulation emphasize the role of T cell help or co‐stimulation (signal 2). The workshop participants considered how new data on the characteristics of agonist antigens, the role of the antigen receptor signals (signal 1) in driving fate decisions, the effect of energetics on immunity and a better understanding of class‐control in the immune response, may impact theories of immune regulation. These ideas were discussed in the context of tumour immunology, autoimmunity, pregnancy and transplantation. Here we present the discussions as a narrative of different viewpoints to allow the reader to join the conversation. These discussions highlight the evolving understanding of the nature of specific antigen recognition and how both antigen‐specific and non‐specific mechanisms impact immune responses.
Efficacy of photo‐thermal‐bioactivated platelet‐rich plasma for skin biostimulation in patients not eligible for other medical‐aesthetic treatment: A pilot study
Authors: Hernández Sanz Carlota , Pinto Hernán 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of photothermal bioactivated platelet‐rich plasma for reducing laxity in facial rejuvenation in patients not eligible for other aesthetic treatments due to several comorbidities.MethodsA prospective, nonrandomized study was conducted. Efficacy was assessed through a satisfaction scale and the Facial Laxity Rating Scale. Safety assessments were based on the data of all adverse events and the visual analog pain scale.ResultsSeven patients with a mean age of 51 (standard deviation [SD] 7.46, range 42–63) were included. In six patients (85.7%), the treatment was applied to the face and neck, and in one patient (14.3%), only to the lower half of the face and neck. The physician's perception of laxity decreased, and the procedure was not complex. Patients’ and physician satisfaction increased as the study progressed. Adverse effects were not serious and resolved without sequelae. The patients’ pain perceived during the treatment was mild in most cases.ConclusionThe photothermal bioactivated platelet‐rich plasma injections were a safe and effective treatment for facial laxity in patients not eligible for other procedures, providing good satisfaction.
Recipient and kidney graft outcomes of deceased donors with human immunodeficiency virus in the United States
Authors: Fontana Lauren , Swanson Kurtis J , El‐Rifai Rasha , Bregman Adam , Spong Richard , Kirchner Varvara A. , Pruett Timothy , Jackson Scott , Riad Samy 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe HIV Organ Policy Equity (HOPE) act afforded transplantation of organs from donors who have HIV. Herein we compared the long‐term outcomes of recipients with HIV by donor HIV testing status.MethodsUsing the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, we identified all primary adult kidney transplant recipients who were HIV‐positive between 1/1/16‐12/31/21. Recipients were grouped into three cohorts according to the donor HIV status based on antibody (Ab) and nucleic acid testing (NAT): Donor Ab−/NAT− (n = 810), Donor Ab+ /NAT− (n = 98), and Donor Ab+/NAT+ (n = 90). We compared recipient and death‐censored graft survival (DCGS) by donor HIV testing status using Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression, censored at 3 years posttransplant. Secondary outcomes were delayed graft function (DGF) and the following 1‐year outcomes: acute rejection, re‐hospitalization, and serum creatinine.ResultsIn Kaplan–Meier analyses, patient survival and DCGS were similar by donor HIV status (log rank p = .667; log rank p = .388). DGF occurred more frequently in donors with HIV Ab−/NAT− testing compared with Ab+/NAT− or Ab+/NAT+ testing (38.0% vs. 28.6% vs. 26.7%, p = .028). Average dialysis time before transplant was twice as long for recipients who received organs from donors with Ab−/NAT− testing (p < .001). Acute rejection, re‐hospitalization and serum creatinine at 12 months did not differ between the groups.ConclusionsPatient and allograft survival for recipients living with HIV remains comparable irrespective of donor HIV testing status. Utilizing kidneys from deceased donors with HIV Ab+/NAT− or Ab+/NAT+ testing shortens dialysis time prior to transplant.
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On the economic and political determinants of trade in natural gas
Authors: Farag Markos , Zaki Chahir 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper analyses the determinants of trade in natural gas through a political economy lens. In addition to the economic determinants of trading in natural gas, the latter could be affected by political determinants such as sanctions and the institutional gap between trading partners. Moreover, while the literature considers the effect of tariffs, less attention has been attributed to non‐tariff measures (NTMs) that might also be imposed for political reasons. To quantify the impact of these different determinants on natural gas trade, we use a gravity model that explains bilateral trade for pipeline natural gas (PNG) and liquefied natural gas (LNG) over the period 2000–2017. We also consider the zero trade flows of natural gas by using the Poisson pseudo‐maximum‐likelihood estimator. Our results show that economic sanctions have reduced bilateral LNG trade by 24% on average. We also find that the institutional gap between trading partners exerts a significant negative effect on bilateral PNG and LNG trade, pointing out that institutions could be considered as fixed export cost in the natural gas market. Moreover, in addition to tariffs, NTMs have a significant negative effect on trade in natural gas.
Paediatric clinical decision support: Evaluation of a best practice alert for red blood cell transfusion
Authors: Adkins Brian D. , Murfin Roberta , Luu Hung S. , Noland Daniel K. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesProviding red blood cell (RBC) transfusion to paediatric patients with a haemoglobin (Hb) level of <7 g/dL is the current best practice, but it is often difficult to ensure appropriateness of RBC transfusion on a health system level. Electronic health record (EHR) clinical decision support systems have been shown to be effective in encouraging providers to transfuse at appropriate Hb thresholds. We present our experience with an interruptive best practice alert (BPA) at a paediatric healthcare system.Materials and MethodsAn interruptive BPA requiring physician response was implemented in our EHR (Epic Systems Corp., Verona, WI, USA) in 2018 based on Hb thresholds for inpatients. The threshold was initially <8 g/dL and later changed to <7 g/dL in 2019. We assessed total activations, number of RBC transfusions and hospital metrics through 2022 compared to the 2 years prior to implementation.ResultsThe BPA activated 6956 times over 4 years, slightly less than 5/day, and the success rate, with no RBC transfusions within 24 h of order attempt, was 14.5% (1012/6956). There was a downward trend in the number of total RBC transfusions and RBC transfusions per admission after implementation, non‐significant (p = 0.41 and p = >0.99). The annual case mix index was similar over the years evaluated. The estimated cost savings based on acquisition costs for RBC units were 213,822 USD or about $51,891 per year.ConclusionBPA implementation led to sustained change in RBC transfusion towards best practice, and there were long‐term savings in RBC expenditure.
Evaluation of patient participation in relation to the implementation of a person‐centered nursing shift handover
Authors: Lantz Ann‐Christin Hultman , Gunningberg Lena , Eriksson Gunilla , Eldh Ann Catrine , Wenemark Marika , Pöder Ulrika 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundIt has been suggested that nursing shift‐to‐shift handover should be a more team‐based dialogue with and for the patient rather than about a patient.AimThe aim of this study was to evaluate patient participation in relation to the implementation of the person‐centered handover (PCH).MethodA pretest–posttest design was used without a comparison group, including patients from nine units in a university hospital at pretest (n = 228) and after implementing PCH (posttest, n = 253) per the framework integrated‐Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services. The PCH is inspired by an Australian bedside handover model. The Patient Preferences for the Patient Participation tool was used to rate the preference for and experience of participation on 12 items, combined into three levels of preference‐based participation (insufficient–fair–sufficient).ResultsThere were no differences regarding experience or preference‐based participation between patients at pretest–posttest; however, posttest patients experienced participation in the item Reciprocal communication to a lesser extent than the pretest patients. Only 49% of the posttest group received PCH; of those not receiving PCH, some would have wanted PCH (27%), while some would have declined (24%). Patients receiving PCH had sufficient participation (82%), to a greater extent, regarding the item Sharing one's symptoms with staff than patients at pretest (72%). Patients receiving PCH also had sufficient participation, to a greater extent, than patients at posttest who did not receive, but would have wanted PCH, regarding four items: (1) sharing one's symptoms with staff, (2) reciprocal communication, (3) being told what was done, and (4) taking part in planning.Linking evidence to actionMost patients want to be present at PCH. Therefore, nurses should ask for the patients' preferences regarding PCH and act accordingly. Not inviting patients who want PCH could contribute to insufficient patient participation. Further studies are needed to capture what assistance nurses would want in identifying and acting in alignment with patient preferences.
A Review of Enterprise Architecture for Strategic Performance Management in the Transportation Sector Digital Transformation
Authors: Said AlKharbush Maisa Mubarak , Zohdi Mahmoud Mahmoud Hamed , Abu Bakar Nur Azaliah 
Published: July 2023

This paper reviews the use of Enterprise Architecture (EA) for strategic performance management in the transport sector's digital transformation, focusing on the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) theory. EA is essential for strategic planning and performance management in the transport industry, which is vital to the economy. The study analyses academic publications, industry reports, and case studies to assess EA's benefits, drawbacks, and novel solutions in transportation. The Balanced Scorecard framework, which measures and manages performance holistically, should be used to align EA projects. EA and the Balanced Scorecard theory may provide a solid foundation for strategic performance management in the transportation sector's digital transition. It aligns goals, objectives, and KPIs with strategic vision and mission. EA also helps identify important capabilities, processes, and IT systems to accomplish desired results. It also improves decision-making by offering an integrated perspective of the organisation's resources, capabilities, and dependencies. In the transportation industry, EA for strategic performance management faces obstacles, including imprecise communication, insufficient governance, and limited planning. Innovative solutions, including improved communication channels, stronger governance systems, and enhanced planning techniques, are recommended to tackle these issues. This review analysis sheds light on the transport sector's digital transition using EA and the Balanced Scorecard theory. It advises researchers, practitioners, and policymakers to use EA to improve performance management and maintain transportation industry growth.
Cavitation Flows Past a Rotating Circular Cylinder
Authors: Le Anh Dinh , Vu Truong V. , Cong Truong Dinh 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Cavitating flows around a rotating circular cylinder at the low Reynolds number flow (Re ≤ 400) are numerically investigated. The computation is performed by incorporating a compressible homogeneous liquid–vapor two-phase flow and a homogeneous equilibrium mass transfer model. The simulation is well-validated for the cavitating and noncavitating flows over various objects in literature. The computation is then carried out for the rotating cylinder to analyze the combined effects of cavitation and self-rotation on the resultant load. The results state a high influence of the rotation speed ratio γ (a ratio of the cylinder's rotation velocity to the flow velocity) on the flow regime. For noncavitation, the Karman vortex street is observed for γ &lt; 2.0 while a nearly steady-state results in a higher value. Under the Magnus effect, a larger lift is produced but also obviously increases the friction drag on the cylinder. Regarding the cavitation condition, the computation demonstrates an obvious reduction in the friction drag, leading to a decrease of the total drag of a rotating cylinder by about 52% compared to that without cavitation, while retaining reasonable lift. Almost constant load on the cylinder is found at low γ &gt; 1.5 and cavitation number σ = p0−pv12ρU02≤ 1.0, which is significant for designing and extending the working durability of an underwater moving object.
SARA Characterization and Comparison for the Ultra-Heavy Oil via Combined Analyses
Authors: Yin Hong , Chen Yafei , You Xutao , Chen Ziqiang , He Donglin , Gong Haifeng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Structure characterization and comparison of the ultra-heavy oil and its four components are fundamental and crucial. In this work, nuclear magnetic resonance analyses were employed to quantitatively investigate carbon and hydrogen atom distributions. Combined with the gel permeation chromatography, elemental analysis, and X-ray diffraction results, average molecular structure parameters were determined for four components. Besides, an improved Brown–Ladner method was adopted to identify and adjust corresponding structural parameters, which considered influences of both heteroatoms (O, S, and N), and katacondensed and/or pericondensed system assumption on aromatic structures, compared with conventional methods. Moreover, molecular architectures of four components were, respectively, speculated and reconstructed based on this improved method, and the specific comparison reflected a higher accuracy. From this study, it could provide updated understandings of specific component structural information for the ultra-heavy oil to facilitate subsequent oil reactivity and simulation studies.
Experimental Investigation of Preformed Particle Gel and Alkali-Surfactant-Polymer Composite System for Enhanced Oil Recovery in Heterogeneous Reservoirs
Authors: Pi Yanfu , Li Zhihao , Liu Li , Cao Ruibo , Liu Jinxin , Chen Hao , Fan Xinyu , Zhao Mingjia 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Heterogeneity is a significant feature of the reservoirs after polymer flooding, resulting in challenges for further enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in heterogeneous reservoirs. In order to further improve oil recovery in the reservoirs after polymer flooding, a novel EOR system (ASP-PPG composite system) was developed using preformed particle gel (PPG) and alkali-surfactant-polymer system (ASP system). We designed an oil saturation monitoring device and a large-scale 3D heterogeneous physical model to evaluate the performance of the system. The performance of the system and the ASP system were tested. Based on the testing results, the fluid migration patterns and enhanced oil recovery mechanisms of the ASP-PPG system in an actual heterogeneous reservoir were investigated using the oil saturation monitoring device and the 3D physical model. Experimental results indicate that the ASP-PPG system has a higher viscosity and better profile control ability than the ASP system. Additionally, the interfacial tension can be maintained at a low level, around 10−3 mN/m. Flooding experiments using the three-dimensional heterogeneous physical model demonstrated the excellent elastic deformation ability of PPG, which can dynamically block the large pores that formed after the polymer flooding and effectively improve the heterogeneity of reservoirs. After injecting the ASP-PPG system, the recovery factor of the model increased by 15.8%. Specifically, the sweep coefficient of high, medium, and low permeability layers increased by 4.36%, 19.6%, and 37.55%, respectively. Moreover, the oil displacement efficiency increased by 7.4%, 14.4%, and 17.9%, respectively. These results highlight the synergistic effect of combining PPG and ASP systems, significantly enhancing heterogeneous reservoir recovery after polymer flooding.