bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of glucose concentration during the initiation of ketogenic diet treatment in children with refractory epilepsy: Results of continuous glucose monitoring
Authors: Brožová Klára , Michalec Juraj , Brabec Marek , Bořilová Petra , Kohout Pavel , Brož Jan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe ketogenic diet (KD) is a diet low in carbohydrates and rich in fats which has long been used to treat refractory epilepsy. The metabolic changes related to the KD may increase the risk of hypoglycemia, especially during the first days. The study focused on the impact of KD initiation on glycemia in non‐diabetic patients with refractory epilepsy.MethodsThe subjects were 10 pediatric patients (6 boys, mean age 6.1 ± 2.4 years), treated for intractable epilepsy. Blinded continuous glucose monitoring system (CGM) Dexcom G4 was used. Patients started on their regular diet in the first 36 hours of monitoring, followed by an increase in lipids intake and a gradual reduction of carbohydrates (relations 1:1; 2:1; 3:1; 3.5:1). We analyzed changes in glycemia during fat: nonfat ratio changes using a generalized linear model.ResultsThe mean monitored time per person was 6 days, 10 hours and 44 minutes. The mean ± SD glycemia for the regular diet was 4.84 ± 0.20 mmol/L, for the carbohydrates/fat ratio of 1:1 it was 4.03 ± 0.16, for the ratio of 2:1 it was 3.57 ± 0.10, for the ratio 3:1 it was 3.39 ± 0.13 and for the final ratio of 3.5:1 it was 2.79 ± 0.06 mmol/L (P < 0.001). The portions of time spent in glycemia ≤3.5 mmol/L (≤2.5 mmol/L respectively) were: on the normal diet 0.88% (0.31%) of the monitored period, during 1:1 KD ratio 1.92% (0.95%), during 2:1 ratio 3.18% (1.02%), and during 3:1 and 3.5:1 ratios 13.64% (2.36%) of the monitored time (P < 0.05).SignificanceContinuous glucose monitoring system shows the dynamic of glucose concentration in ketogenic diet treatment initiation. It may be a useful tool to control the effects of this diet on glucose metabolism, especially in hypoglycemia detection.
A practical three‐dimensional plasticity model for cyclic degradation of soil in earthquake loading applications
Authors: Qiu Zhijian , Prabhakaran Athul , Zhou Yan‐Guo , Elgamal Ahmed 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA practical yet realistic three‐dimensional (3D) constitutive model is presented for modeling the cyclic degradation behavior of soil. Such response can be attributed to pore pressure build‐up and loss of cementation, among other stiffness and strength degradation mechanisms. Extending an existing multi‐yield surface (MYS) plasticity formulation, the cyclic degradation model (CDM) is developed by incorporating a novel degradation logic in terms of accumulated plastic strain or as prescribed by the user. Thereafter, the CDM is implemented into a computational framework (OpenSees), and Finite Element (FE) calibrations are undertaken to match the available experimental data at the element and system levels. A generally good agreement between the FE simulations and centrifuge test data demonstrates the CDM's capabilities to simulate the seismic response of sloping sites. Using the calibrated model properties, full 3D FE simulations of a large‐scale multi‐span bridge configuration, motivated by details of an actual bridge system in sloping ground, are conducted to highlight the underlying response mechanisms. In addition, computed results including and precluding the effects of cyclic degradation are directly compared and discussed. It is shown that loss of soil strength and stiffness play a noticeable role in the resulting ground and bridge response. Overall, the newly developed constitutive model and findings are of importance for a wide range of soil formations where cyclic degradation occurs under earthquake loading.
Effect of mannitol‐based reduced‐volume hydration on kidney function in concomitant cisplatin‐based chemoradiation for head‐and‐neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Paschen Christopher , Moll Matthias , Altorjai Gabriela , Hecking Manfred , Fuereder Thorsten , Widder Joachim , Herrmann Harald 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveNephrotoxicity is frequent in cisplatin‐based chemoradiation of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Toxicity outcomes and achieved cisplatin‐doses after change of departmental hydration policy are presented.MethodsWe performed a retrospective time‐series analysis of HNSCC patients undergoing chemoradiation with conventional hydration (CH) between 01/2017 and 09/2018 versus shorter hydration with mannitol (SHM) between 09/2018 and 08/2019 to compare the rate of acute kidney injury (AKI) and cumulative cisplatin dose.ResultsAmong 113 HNSCC patients, SHM (n = 35) in comparison to CH (n = 78) correlated with less AKI (54.3% vs. 74.4%; p = 0.034) and higher cisplatin doses (82.9% vs. 61.5% ≥200 mg/m2; p = 0.025). AKI ≥grade 2 was lower with SHM (2.9% vs. CH: 22.8%; p = 0.01). AKI occurred more frequently in females (92.6% vs. males: 60.5%, p = 0.002). Females received lower cumulative cisplatin doses (51.9% vs. males: 73.3%; p = 0.037).ConclusionsWe observed less AKI and higher cumulative chemotherapy doses with SHM. Female patients were at higher risk of AKI.
Polyglycerol sebacate‐based elastomeric materials for arterial regeneration
Authors: Wang Ziyu , Zhang Miao , Liu Linyang , Mithieux Suzanne M. , Weiss Anthony S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSynthetic vascular grafts are commonly used in patients with severe occlusive arterial disease when autologous grafts are not an option. Commercially available synthetic grafts are confronted with challenging outcomes: they have a lower patency rate than autologous grafts and are currently unable to promote arterial regeneration. Polyglycerol sebacate (PGS), a non‐toxic polymer with a tunable degradation profile, has shown promising results as a small‐diameter vascular graft component that can support the formation of neoarteries. In this review, we first present an overview of the synthesis and modification of PGS followed by an examination of its mechanical properties. We then report on the performance, degradation, regeneration, and remodeling of PGS‐based small‐diameter vascular grafts, with a focus on efforts to reduce thrombosis, prevent dilation, and promote cellular residency and extracellular matrix regeneration that resembles the native artery in spatial distribution and organization. We also highlight recent advances in the incorporation of novel in situ cell sources for arterial regeneration and their potential application in PGS‐based vascular grafts. Finally, we compare vascular grafts fabricated using PGS‐based materials with other elastomeric alternatives.
Oleanolic acid increases the anticancer potency of doxorubicin in pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Esmaeili Hosein , Nasrollahzadeh Sabet Mehrdad , Mosaed Reza , Chamanara Mohsen , Hadi Saeid , Hazrati Ebrahim , Farhadi Arezoo , Heidari Mohammad Foad , Behroozi Javad 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCombination therapy is a novel cancer therapy approach that combines two or more chemotherapy drugs. This treatment modality enhances the efficacy of chemotherapy by targeting key pathways in an additive or synergistic manner. Therefore, we investigated the efficacy of combination therapy by widely used chemotherapy drug doxorubicin (DOX) and oleanolic acid (OA) to induction of apoptosis for pancreatic cancer (PC) therapy. The effects of DOX, OA, and their combination (DOX‐OA) were investigated on proliferation and viability of PC cell line (PANC‐1) by MTT assay. Moreover, migration and invasion of the cancer cells were evaluated by trans‐well migration assay and wound healing assay. Flow cytometry and DAPI (4′,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole) staining were employed to investigate apoptosis quantification and qualification of the treated cancer cells. Finally, mRNA expression of apoptosis‐related genes was assessed by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Our results demonstrated that the proliferation and metastasis potential of PC cells significantly decreased after treatment by DOX, OA, and DOX‐OA. Moreover, we observed an increase in apoptosis percentage in the treated cancer cells. The apoptosis‐related gene expression was modified to increase the apoptosis rate in all of the treatment groups. However, the anticancer potency of DOX‐OA combination was significantly more than that of DOX and OA treatments alone. Our study suggested that DOX‐OA combination exerts more profound anticancer effects against PC cell lines than DOX or OA monotherapy. This approach may increase the efficiency of chemotherapy and reduce unintended side effects by lowering the prescribed dose of DOX.
GUIDE: A GUI for automated quantum chemistry calculations
Authors: Sarkar Arkadeep , Sessa Lucia , Marrafino Francesco , Piotto Stefano 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe accuracy of quantum mechanics (QM) simulations depends heavily on the quality of initial input files. Despite the popularity of QM simulation packages, achieving precise results still heavily relies on the user's proficiency in preparing the QM simulation systems. In this work, we present an easy‐to‐use tool called GUIDE, a YASARA plugin to assist researchers in quantum chemistry workflow automation using ORCA and MOPAC simulation packages. GUIDE lets users compute complex QM calculation workflows via an automated graphical window system. It allows for a more integrated and streamlined research process, as researchers can easily access all the necessary tools within one software without switching between multiple programs. This tool can save time and increase efficiency in computational chemistry methods. GUIDE is written in Python and is freely available for download at https://github.com/YAMACS-SML/GUIDE. The plugin is released under a GPL‐3.0 license and is supported on Windows and Linux.
Constant advance replicas method for locating minimum energy paths and transition states
Authors: Song Zilin , Ding Ye , Huang Jing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe chain‐of‐states (CoS) constant advance replicas (CAR) method and its climbing image variant (CI‐CAR) for locating minimum energy paths (MEPs) and transition states are reported. The CAR algorithm applies the Lagrange multiplier method for imposing holonomic constraints on a chain‐of‐replicas, aiming to maintain equal mass‐weighted/scaled root‐mean‐square (RMS) distances between the adjacent replicas by removing the sliding‐down displacements contributed by the potential gradients during path optimization. Two contextual regularization schemes with clear geometrical interpretations are implemented to jointly promote high convergence and numerical robustness of the CAR algorithm. We show that the constrained reaction path can be solved normally within 5 steps of Lagrange multiplier updates with remarkably high numerical precision via the CAR approach. The efficacy of the CAR methods is demonstrated by testing on multiple analytical, classical, and quantum mechanical transition paths: the Müller potential, the alanine dipeptide isomerization, the helix unwinding of the VIVITLVMLKKK 12‐mer peptide, and the Baker set of reactions. We also explore the potential of applying adaptive momentum (AdaM) optimizers for locating optimal transition paths under complex conformational changes. Most importantly, we discuss extensively the differences and connections between our newly proposed CAR methods and several related methods, with focuses on the reaction path with holonomic constraints (RPCons) approach of Brokaw et al. [J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2009, 5 (8), 2050–2061] and the state‐of‐the‐art string method (SM) of E et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 2007, 126 (16), 164103]. The CAR approach represents a latest update to the general theoretical framework of reaction path finding algorithms in the two‐ended CoS regime.
A model to facilitate critical thinking of radiography students
Authors: Pieterse Tracey , Temane Annie , Downing Charlene 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionCritical thinking is a much‐needed skill required by radiography students, across disciplines, when they graduate. The facilitation of critical thinking is a task that radiography educators are faced with in order to produce graduates who can apply these skills in the clinical setting, for the best care of the patient. The development of critical thinking skills is challenging, and currently there is no radiography‐specific model which has been implemented and evaluated as a framework of reference for radiography educators. The aim of this article is to present a critical thinking model as a framework of reference that was implemented and evaluated by diagnostic radiography educators.MethodsA theory‐generating qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual design was used for the development of a model to facilitate critical thinking skills of diagnostic radiography students in a South African setting.ResultsA theory‐generation model to facilitate critical thinking skills for radiography students was developed. The model was implemented and evaluated by radiography educators. Three themes emerged from the evaluation of the model after implementation. The results indicated the implementation of the model provided a platform for radiography educators to collaborate and purposefully tailor activities to incorporate critical thinking into their teaching.ConclusionsThrough the implementation of the model, radiography educators felt empowered by using a framework of reference to facilitate critical thinking skills of radiography students.
Diversity of picornaviruses detected in diarrheal samples from children in Belém, Brazilian Amazon (1982–2019)
Authors: Coutinho Carla Rafaela Monteiro , Cardoso Jedson Ferreira , Siqueira Jones Anderson Monteiro , Machado Raiana Scerni , Chagas Júnior Wanderley Dias das , Tavares Fernando Neto , Gabbay Yvone Benchimol 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this investigation, fecal specimens from children with diarrhea were collected from four community studies conducted between 1982 and 2019 in Belém, Brazilian Amazon. A total of 234 samples were tested by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) to detect infections by picornaviruses of the Enterovirus (EV), Parechovirus (HPeV), Cosavirus (HCoSV), Kobuvirus (Aichivirus ‐ AiV) and Salivirus (SalV) genera. The positive samples were subjected to different amplification protocols of the VP1 region of the genome, such as nested PCR or snPCR, and were subsequently genotyped by sequencing VP1 and VP3 of the viral genome. Positivity was observed in 76.5% (179/234) of the samples tested using RT‐qPCR for at least one virus, and co‐infection was observed in 37.4% (67/179) of the cases. EV was detected in 50.8% (119/234), HPeV in 29.9% (70/234), HCoSV in 27.3% (64/234), and AiV/SalV in 2.1% (5/234) of the specimens tested by RT‐qPCR. Using nested PCR and/or snPCR techniques, the positivity rates were 94.11% (112/119) for EV, 72.85% (51/70) for HPeV, and 20.31% (13/64) for HCoSV. It was not possible to amplify the samples that were positive for AiV/SalV. Sequencing revealed 67.2% (80/119) EV, 51.4% (36/70) HPeV, and 20.31% (13/64) HCoSV. Forty‐five different types of EV were found among species A, B, and C; HCoSV identified five species, including a possible recombinant strain; all HPeV were identified as belonging to species A, in two samples a possible recombination involving three different strains was verified. This study demonstrated the high circulation and diversity of different types of picornaviruses in fecal samples, including those collected more than 30 years ago. This endorsed the evaluation of important points in the epidemiology of these viruses, such as the presence of co‐infection and the possibility of knowing more about these agents, considering that some were recently described; therefore, their detection in older samples can provide more data about their ancestry.
The effect of layers of high tunnel covering and soil mulching on tomato fruit quality
Authors: Odediran Augustina , Yu Jianmei , Gu Sanjun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDHigh tunnels (HT) and plastic mulch can increase yield, extend growing seasons, protect plants from harsh weather conditions, and produce more marketable and attractive tomatoes. However, plastic covering reduces solar radiation, which may affect the quality of tomatoes. This study investigated the effects of single‐layer versus double‐layer HT and plastic mulch versus bare soil on the quality of fully ripe tomato fruits. The study was conducted over 2 years (2021 and 2022). The fruit color (L*, a*, and b*), vitamin C, pH, total titratable acid (TTA), total soluble solids (TSS), and lycopene content of the two tomato cultivars (Brandywine and Rebelski) were quantified.RESULTSThe results showed that quality parameters varied with the plastic layers of HT, plastic mulch, and planting year. The double‐layer HT only showed a slight but significant influence on the color of tomatoes of both cultivars in the same year (P < 0.05). Brandywine tomatoes grown in the double‐layer HT had significantly lower pH and lycopene content than those grown in single‐layer HT, regardless of mulching. The effect of plastic layers on TTA, TSS, and lycopene depended on whether the soil was mulched. Tomatoes grown on bare soil had higher TTA and TSS values than those grown on mulched soil in double‐layer HT. Tomatoes grown in single‐layer HTs had significantly higher vitamin C content than those in the double‐layer HT for both cultivars regardless of mulching.CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrates that double‐layer HT is unnecessary for the improvement of the overall quality of tomatoes. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Outcome Comparison of Functional Laryngectomy for the Dysfunctional Larynx to Salvage Laryngectomy
Authors: Coviello Caitlin M. , Sheehan Cameron , Hernandez David J. , Liou N. Eddie , Sandulache Vlad C. , Haskins Angela D. , Sturgis Erich M. , Huang Andrew T. 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveTo compare functional outcomes of total laryngectomy (TL) with microvascular free tissue transfer (MVFTT) reconstruction in the treatment of dysfunctional larynx (DL) versus salvage therapy for locally recurrent disease in patients with a history of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).MethodsRetrospective review from a tertiary medical center between August 2015 and August 2022.ResultsSixty‐nine patients underwent TL with MVFTT following primary laryngeal radiation or chemoradiation; 15 (22%) patients underwent functional laryngectomy (FL) and 54 (78%) underwent a salvage laryngectomy (SL). There were no total flap failures. Four (6%) patients developed a pharyngocutaneous fistula; one (7%) FL patient and 3 (6%) in the SL cohort. There was no significant difference in average hospital length of stay (LOS) between the cohorts (8.6 ± 3.0 days vs. 12.8 ± 10.1 days, p = 0.12). All patients (100%) in the FL cohort achieved a total oral diet compared to 41 (76%) in the SL cohort (p = 0.03). Two (13%) and 10 (19%) patients developed pharyngoesophageal stenosis in the FL and SL cohorts, respectively (p = 1.0). Nine (60%) and 23 (43%) patients in the FL and SL cohorts underwent tracheoesophageal puncture (TEP) placement, with 89% and 91% achieving fluency, respectively (p = 0.23).ConclusionAlthough the role of TL for the definitive treatment of laryngeal SCC has decreased over the past 30 years, organ‐preservation protocols can impact speech, swallowing, and airway protection with life‐threatening consequences. The use of elective FL with MVFTT for the treatment of DL results in similar or better functional outcomes compared to SL for recurrent disease.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 134:222–227, 2024
Quasilinear Schrödinger equations with unbounded or decaying potentials in dimension 2
Authors: de Carvalho Gilson M. , Clemente Rodrigo G. , de Albuquerque José Carlos 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe establish the existence of nontrivial solutions for the following class of quasilinear Schrödinger equations:
where κ is a positive parameter, and are continuous functions that can be singular at the origin, unbounded or vanishing at infinity, and the nonlinearity has critical exponential growth motivated by the Trudinger–Moser inequality. To prove our main result, we apply variational methods together with careful ‐estimates.
Hölder's inequality and its reverse—A probabilistic point of view
Authors: Frühwirth Lorenz , Prochno Joscha 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this article, we take a probabilistic look at Hölder's inequality, considering the ratio of terms in the classical Hölder inequality for random vectors in . We prove a central limit theorem for this ratio, which then allows us to reverse the inequality up to a multiplicative constant with high probability. The models of randomness include the uniform distribution on balls and spheres. We also provide a Berry–Esseen–type result and prove a large and a moderate deviation principle for the suitably normalized Hölder ratio.
Nerve transfer reversal to treat co‐contraction after anatomic brachial plexus reconstruction and Oberlin transfer: A case report
Authors: Laengle Gregor , Gohritz Andreas , Maierhofer Udo , Sturma Agnes , Boesendorfer Anna , Gstoettner Clemens , Platzgummer Hannes , Aszmann Oskar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDistal nerve transfers to restore elbow flexion have become standard of care in brachial plexus reconstruction. The purpose of this report is to draw attention to intractable co‐contraction as a rare but significant adverse event of distal nerve transfers. Here we report of treatment of a disabling co‐contraction of the brachialis muscle and wrist/finger flexors after median to brachialis fascicular transfer in a 61‐year‐old male patient. The primary injury was an postganglionic lesion of roots C5/C6 and a preganglionic injury of C7/C8 with intact root Th1 after a motor bicycle accident. After upper brachial plexus reconstruction (C5/C6 to suprascapular nerve and superior trunk) active mobility in the shoulder joint (supraspinatus, deltoid) could be restored. However, due to lacking motor recovery of elbow flexion the patient underwent additional median to brachialis nerve transfer. Shortly after, active elbow flexion commenced with rapid recovery to M4 at 9 months postoperatively. However, despite intensive EMG triggered physiotherapy the patient could not dissociate hand from elbow function and was debilitated by this iatrogenic co‐contraction. After preoperative ultrasound‐guided block resulted in preserved biceps function, the previously transferred median nerve fascicle was reversed. This was done by dissecting the previous nerve transfer of the median nerve fascicle to the brachialis muscle branch and adapting the fascicles to their original nerve. Postoperatively, the patient was followed up for 10 months without a complication and maintained M4 elbow flexion with independent strong finger flexion. Distal nerve transfers are an excellent option to restore function, however, in some patients cognitive limitations may prevent cortical reorganization and lead to disturbing co‐contractions.
An S‐band wide beam miniaturized omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna
Authors: Ren Yuhui , Li Xudong , Bai Yanping , Wu Handong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA wide beam miniaturized broadband omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna operating at S‐band is proposed. It is composed of a hub‐shaped circular horizontally polarized radiator, a vertically polarized radiator consisting of a monopole and eight shorting‐circuited pins, and a coupling feed device. The measured results indicate that the impedance matching band of |S11| < −10 dB is from 2.15 to 2.75 GHz (24.4%), and the band of the axial ratio <3 dB is from 2.2 to 2.7 GHz (20.4%). The gain of the antenna is about 1 dB, and the noncircularity in the azimuth plane is <1.2 dB. In addition, the antenna has the characteristics of wide axis ratio beam in the pitch plane with sizes of 0.68 λ0 × 0.68 λ0 × 0.14 λ0. The antenna is very suitable for satellite receiving system and short‐range wireless communication system.