bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between basic psychological needs and emotional and behavioral problems in middle school students
Authors: Ciydem Emre , Avci Dilek , Uyar Murat , Seyhan Ahmet 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundBasic psychological needs are universal sources of mental growth and development.PurposeThis study investigated the relationship between basic psychological needs and emotional and behavioral problems in middle school students.MethodologyThis study adopted a cross‐sectional and correlational research design. The sample consisted of 1099 students from three middle schools with different socioeconomic backgrounds. Data were collected using a sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, and the Basic Psychological Needs Scale (BPNS). The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis.ResultsA one‐unit increase in autonomy, competence, and relatedness led to a 0.312, 0.263, and 0.312 decrease in emotional and behavioral problems, respectively (p < 0.05). The regression analysis showed that gender (female), academic performance (poor), mother's parenting style (authoritarian), and father's parenting style (permissive) were the risk factors affecting participants' emotional and behavioral problems (p < 0.05).ConclusionsOur results indicate that some basic psychological needs and sociodemographic characteristics make middle school students more likely to develop emotional and behavioral problems. Authorities should develop interventions on basic psychological needs to promote emotional and behavioral development. Researchers should assess the effectiveness of those interventions.
Vascular endothelial growth factor A is a potential prognostic biomarker and correlates with immune cell infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Qi Yuchen , Song Yinghui , Cai Mengting , Li Jianwen , Yu Zhangtao , Li Yuhang , Huang Junkai , Jiang Yu , Peng Chuang , Jiang Bo , Liu Sulai 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer‐related deaths among cancer patients. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) is involved in regulating biological processes, such as angiogenesis and vascular permeability, and is very closely related to the pathogenesis of various tumours, especially vascular‐rich, solid tumours. Clinical data of patients with HCC and other tumours were analysed through public databases, such as the TCGA database, Gene Expression Omnibus database, Human Protein Atlas database, STRING, Tumour Immune Estimation Resource and Kaplan–Meier Plotter. The tumour tissues and adjacent normal tissues of patients with HCC from Hunan Provincial People's Hospital were collected to verify the expression of VEGFA by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, Western blotting and qPCR. VEGFA expression is elevated in multiple tumour types and correlates with the prognosis of tumour patients. VEGFA is involved in regulating the tumour microenvironment and immune cell function in tumour development. Inhibition of VEGFA reduces proliferation, invasion, and migration and promotes apoptosis in HCC cells. VEGFA is a potential predictive biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC.
Eight‐week supplementation of Aronia berry extract promoted the glutathione defence system against acute aerobic exercise‐induced oxidative load immediately and 30 min post‐exercise in healthy adults: a double‐blind, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Chung Jae‐Won , Kim Ji‐Eon , Nam Yea‐eun , Kim Woo‐Shik , Lee Insoo , Yim Sung‐Vin , Kwon Oran 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundFood antioxidants have received prompt attention for controlling oxidative stress encountered in daily life. This study aimed to examine the protective effects of Aronia berry extract (ABE) supplementation on acute aerobic exercise (AAE)‐induced oxidative stress in healthy subjects.MethodsWe assessed a battery of antioxidant defence and oxidative stress parameters at pre‐exercise, immediately post‐exercise and 30 min post‐exercise in healthy middle‐aged adults with habitually low intakes of fruit and vegetables in an 8‐week, double‐blind, randomised, controlled clinical trial with two arms (n = 70). The AAE challenge model, characterised as a treadmill exercise for 30 min at 60% VO2 maximum, was applied to load oxidative stress at the end of the study. Pearson's correlation analysis assessed the association between the changes in antioxidant defence capacities and oxidative stress levels.ResultsThe time–course‐dependent oxidative stress was well observed in the placebo group regarding the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and the reduced glutathione (GSH) availability for antioxidant defence and erythrocyte malondialdehyde, interleukin‐6 and lactate levels for oxidative damage. Meanwhile, the ABE supplementation effectively strengthened the glutathione defence system by increasing GSH availability and GPx activity immediately post‐exercise and 30 min post‐exercise. In addition, the scatter plot and linear regression analysis revealed strong negative correlations of GSH availability with oxidised low‐density lipoprotein and plasma malonaldehyde levels.ConclusionThese findings suggest that daily supplementation of 300 mg ABE might help boost GSH levels and an adaptive antioxidant enzyme defence system of erythrocytes in healthy adults with habitually low fruit and vegetable intakes.
In vivo calibration of genetically encoded metabolite biosensors must account for metabolite metabolism during calibration and cellular volume
Authors: Dienel Gerald A. , Rothman Douglas L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIsotopic assays of brain glucose utilization rates have been used for more than four decades to establish relationships between energetics, functional activity, and neurotransmitter cycling. Limitations of these methods include the relatively long time (1–60 min) for the determination of labeled metabolite levels and the lack of cellular resolution. Identification and quantification of fuels for neurons and astrocytes that support activation and higher brain functions are a major, unresolved issues. Glycolysis is preferentially up‐regulated during activation even though oxygen level and supply are adequate, causing lactate concentrations to quickly rise during alerting, sensory processing, cognitive tasks, and memory consolidation. However, the fate of lactate (rapid release from brain or cell–cell shuttling coupled with local oxidation) is long disputed. Genetically encoded biosensors can determine intracellular metabolite concentrations and report real‐time lactate level responses to sensory, behavioral, and biochemical challenges at the cellular level. Kinetics and time courses of cellular lactate concentration changes are informative, but accurate biosensor calibration is required for quantitative comparisons of lactate levels in astrocytes and neurons. An in vivo calibration procedure for the Laconic lactate biosensor involves intracellular lactate depletion by intravenous pyruvate‐mediated trans‐acceleration of lactate efflux followed by sensor saturation by intravenous infusion of high doses of lactate plus ammonium chloride. In the present paper, the validity of this procedure is questioned because rapid lactate–pyruvate interconversion in blood, preferential neuronal oxidation of both monocarboxylates, on‐going glycolytic metabolism, and cellular volumes were not taken into account. Calibration pitfalls for the Laconic lactate biosensor also apply to other metabolite biosensors that are standardized in vivo by infusion of substrates that can be metabolized in peripheral tissues. We discuss how technical shortcomings negate the conclusion that Laconic sensor calibrations support the existence of an in vivo astrocyte–neuron lactate concentration gradient linked to lactate shuttling from astrocytes to neurons to fuel neuronal activity.image
Work as overload or enhancement for family caregivers of older adults: Assessment of experienced well‐being over the day
Authors: Patterson Sarah E. , Freedman Vicki A. , Cornman Jennifer C. , Wolff Jennifer L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study examines work and care patterns and their association with experienced well‐being over the course of the day and tests a moderating effect of gender.BackgroundMany family and unpaid caregivers to older adults face dual responsibilities of work and caregiving. Yet little is known about how working caregivers sequence responsibilities through the day and their implications for well‐being.MethodSequence and cluster analysis is applied to nationally representative time diary data from working caregivers to older adults in the United States collected by the National Study of Caregiving (NSOC) (N = 1005). OLS regression is used to test the association with well‐being and a moderating effect of gender.ResultsAmong working caregivers, five clusters emerged, referred to as: Day Off, Care Between Late Shifts, Balancing Act, Care After Work, and Care After Overwork. Among working caregivers, experienced well‐being was significantly lower among those in the Care Between Late Shifts and Care After Work clusters relative to those in the Day Off cluster. Gender did not moderate these findings.ConclusionThe well‐being of caregivers who split time between a limited number of hours of work and care is comparable to those who take a day off. However, among working caregivers balancing full‐time work—whether day or night–with care presents a strain for both men and women.ImplicationsPolicies that target full‐time workers who are balancing care for an older adult may help increase well‐being.
Perinatal support for breastfeeding using mHealth: A mixed methods feasibility study of the My Baby Now app
Authors: Laws Rachel A. , Cheng Heilok , Rossiter Chris , Kuswara Konsita , Markides Brittany R. , Size Donna , Corcoran Patricia , Ong Kok‐Leong , Denney‐Wilson Elizabeth 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDespite the well‐known benefits of breastfeeding, breastfeeding rates remain suboptimal, particularly for women with lower socioeconomic position. Although popular, breastfeeding apps are often poor quality; their impact on breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, confidence and intentions is unknown. A mixed method pre‐post feasibility study was conducted to: 1) explore the feasibility of the My Baby Now app in providing perinatal breastfeeding support; 2) examine the impact on breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, confidence and intentions; 3) to examine any differences in acceptability and impact of the app according to maternal education. The My Baby Now app was offered to pregnant women 20–30 weeks gestation. Breastfeeding knowledge and intentions were collected at baseline (T1) and 36–38 weeks gestation (T2); attitudes and confidence were collected at baseline, T2 and T3 (8–12 weeks post‐partum). App engagement was measured via app analytics. Qualitative interviews were conducted with a purposeful sample following T3. Of 266 participants recruited, 169 (64%) completed T2 and 157 (59%) completed T3. Mothers without university education rated the app to be higher quality, more useful and impactful than mothers with university education. From T1–T2, breastfeeding knowledge (59.6% vs. 66.5%, p < 0.001) and exclusive breastfeeding intentions (76.6% vs. 80.9%, p < 0.001) increased. Breastfeeding attitudes and confidence scores also increased significantly across T1–T2 and T1–T3. App engagement during pregnancy predicted changes in breastfeeding attitudes from T1–T2 among participants without university education. App engagement did not predict changes in breastfeeding knowledge, confidence or intentions. Future randomised controlled studies should examine the effectiveness of mHealth interventions on breastfeeding outcomes.
Organellar DNA continues to provide a rich source of information in the genomics era
Authors: Blair Christopher 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe genomics revolution continues to change how ecologists and evolutionary biologists study the evolution and maintenance of biodiversity. It is now easier than ever to generate large molecular data sets consisting of hundreds to thousands of independently evolving nuclear loci to estimate a suite of evolutionary and demographic parameters. However, any inferences will be incomplete or inaccurate if incorrect taxonomic identities and perpetuated throughout the analytical pipeline. Due to decades of research and comprehensive online databases, sequencing and analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) and select nuclear genes can provide researchers with a cost effective and simple means to verify the species identity of samples prior to subsequent phylogeographic and population genomic analysis. The addition of these sequences to genomic studies can also shed light on other important evolutionary questions such as explanations for gene tree‐species tree discordance, species limits, sex‐biased dispersal patterns, adaptation, and mtDNA introgression. Although the mtDNA and cpDNA genomes often should not be used exclusively to make historical inferences given their well‐known limitations, the addition of these data to modern genomic studies adds little cost and effort while simultaneously providing a wealth of useful data that can have significant implications for both basic and applied research.
Infantile vitiligo and alopecia in immunodysregulation polyendocrinopathy enteropathy X‐linked syndrome
Authors: Lee Wai Quen , Leong Kin Fon 
Published: February 2023

AbstractImmune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X‐linked (IPEX) is characterized by failure to thrive, severe chronic diarrhea, neonatal type 1 diabetes or thyroiditis, and eczematous dermatitis. We report a patient with infantile onset IPEX syndrome who developed vitiligo, alopecia, and chronic diarrhea. Awaiting stem cell transplant, he had multiple episodes of sepsis and succumbed at the age of 10 months. The constellation of symptoms is important to prompt clinicians to suspect this rare syndrome as early hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the only cure for IPEX patients.
Social inclusion, social exclusion, and the role of leaders in avoiding—or promoting—societal collapse
Authors: Van Wart Montgomery , McIntyre Miranda , Hall Jeremy L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNot since the late 1850s has the United States seen the portents leading to a major political crisis be so numerous and grave. Over the last two decades, local and national social capital has steeply declined, culminating in a near‐collapse of social capital within the last 6 years. The potential for a national political crisis is now more plausible, making a dramatic crisis (e.g., bloodless revolt, a civil war, or secession) conceivable within a generation. This article reviews the interlocking concepts of social inclusion, social exclusion, radicalization, and societal collapse and draws from these concepts to elucidate the antecedents to major political crises. We connect these observations to the central role of political and administrative leadership in a democratic society in challenging times. Integrative recommendations for combating extremism and radicalization are provided to highlight key strategies for restoring social capital and stability.
Comparison of puncture methods in patients with hemodialysis: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chen Pei‐Ching , Sun Jia‐Ling , Hsu Hsiu‐Chuang , Lai Yao‐Hui , Liao Yu‐Chien , Chen Pei‐Ying , Chang Hui‐Chen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroduction: Arteriovenous fistula or arteriovenous graft is essential to long‐term survival and quality of life in patients receiving hemodialysis. To date, no research has examined the clinical impacts of different puncture methods. This study compared the rope ladder and area puncture techniques in terms of vascular patency, pain, and quality of life among patients receiving hemodialysis. Methods: A prospective longitudinal study was performed with 6‐month follow‐up. A total of 98 participants recruited from a hemodialysis center in Taiwan were randomly assigned to receive the rope ladder technique (experimental group) or the area puncture technique (control group). Vascular patency was assessed by examining access flow and percutaneous transluminal angioplasty rate. Pain and quality of life were measured using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and Kidney Disease Quality of Life Instrument (KDQOL‐36™), respectively. All outcome variables were measured repeatedly and analyzed using a generalized estimating equation. Results: Overall, quality of life was significantly better for the experimental group than for the control group (β = 47.23, p < 0.001). The percutaneous transluminal angioplasty rate was lower for the experimental group than for the control group (12.0% vs. 18.8%). However, no significant differences were found in access flow and pain level between the two groups over time. Conclusion: Hemodialysis patients who received the rope ladder puncture technique had a lower percutaneous angioplasty rate and better quality of life than patients who received the area puncture technique, suggesting that the rope ladder technique could be implemented as a routine cannulation method in hemodialysis clinics.
Contraceptive Continuation and Experiences Obtaining Implant and IUD Removal Among Women Randomized to Use Injectable Contraception, Levonorgestrel Implant, and Copper IUD in South Africa and Zambia
Authors: Cartwright Alice F. , Callahan Rebecca L. , Beksinska Mags , Kasaro Margaret P. , Tang Jennifer H. , Milford Cecilia , Wong Christina , Velarde Marissa , Maphumulo Virginia , Fawzy Maria , Chinyama Manze , Chabu Esther , Mudenda Mayaba , Smit Jennifer 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFew longitudinal studies have measured contraceptive continuation past one year in sub‐Saharan Africa. We surveyed 674 women who had been randomized to receive the three‐month intramuscular contraceptive injectable (DMPA‐IM), levonorgestrel (LNG) implant, or copper intrauterine device (IUD) during the Evidence for Contraceptive Options and HIV Outcomes (ECHO) trial in South Africa and Zambia and were subsequently followed for two additional years to explore method continuation, reasons for discontinuation, and access to implant and IUD removal services. We also conducted in‐depth qualitative interviews with 39 participants. We estimated cumulative discontinuation probabilities using Kaplan–Meier estimates and assessed factors associated with discontinuation using Cox‐proportional hazards models. The LNG implant continuation rate over the maximum 44‐month study period was 60 percent, while rates for the copper IUD and DMPA‐IM were 52 percent and 44 percent, respectively. Reasons for method discontinuation included side effects, particularly menstrual changes, and method stock‐outs. Most implant and IUD users who sought removal were able to access services; however, room for improvement exists. In this cohort originally randomized to receive a contraceptive method and attend regular study visits, implants and IUDs continued to be highly acceptable over an additional two years, but facilities should continue to ensure that insertions and removals are available as requested.
Reflexivity in quantitative research: A rationale and beginner's guide
Authors: Jamieson Michelle K. , Govaart Gisela H. , Pownall Madeleine 
Published: February 2023

AbstractReflexivity is the act of examining one's own assumption, belief, and judgement systems, and thinking carefully and critically about how these influence the research process. The practice of reflexivity confronts and questions who we are as researchers and how this guides our work. It is central in debates on objectivity, subjectivity, and the very foundations of social science research and generated knowledge. Incorporating reflexivity in the research process is traditionally recognized as one of the most notable differences between qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Qualitative research centres and celebrates the participants' personal and unique lived experience. Therefore, qualitative researchers are readily encouraged to consider how their own unique positionalities inform the research process and this forms an important part of training within this paradigm. Quantitative methodologies in social and personality psychology, and more generally, on the other hand, have remained seemingly detached from this level of reflexivity and general reflective practice. In this commentary, we, three quantitative researchers who have grappled with the compatibility of reflexivity within our own research, argue that reflexivity has much to offer quantitative methodologists. The act of reflexivity prompts researchers to acknowledge and centre their own positionalities, encourages a more thoughtful engagement with every step of the research process, and thus, as we argue, contributes to the ongoing reappraisal of openness and transparency in psychology. In this paper, we make the case for integrating reflexivity across all research approaches, before providing a ‘beginner's guide’ for quantitative researchers wishing to engage reflexively with their own work, providing concrete recommendations, worked examples, and reflexive prompts.
Modeling of global skin aging indices among Caucasian and Asian women
Authors: Robic Julie , Nkengne Alex , Lua Bee Leng , Bellanger Aurore , Hu Rachel , Vie Katell 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe skin aging process is defined as the gradual degradation of several skin properties such as firmness, color, or the appearance of wrinkles. These properties can be assessed by trained experts, who perform an overall evaluation of the entire face.ObjectiveThe objective of this paper is the construction of two Global Skin Aging Indices specifically designed to model the overall skin aging process of Caucasian and Asian women.MethodsTwo hundred forty Asian women and 129 Caucasian women aged between 20 and 60 years old are recruited. Parameters related to wrinkles, sagging, elasticity, and skin tone are measured (clinically or instrumentally). The global skin aging index is defined as the normalized projection on the first principal component of a principal component analysis of the skin measurements. Then, linear regressions are performed between the indices and age of both panels.ResultsThe first principal component carries around 50% of the initial variance for both indices. Both Global Skin Aging Indices statistically correlate with age (R2 ≥ 0.7, p‐value < 0.05). An equation linking the indices with age is computed.ConclusionThe proposed indices are good indicators of the overall aging process for Caucasian and Asian women. They offer new approaches to assess antiaging product efficacy.