bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three-month antibody persistence of a bivalent Omicron-containing booster vaccine against COVID-19
Authors: Chalkias Spyros , Harper Charles , Vrbicky Keith , Walsh Stephen R. , Essink Brandon , Brosz Adam , McGhee Nichole , Tomassini Joanne E. , Chen Xing , Ying Chang  , Sutherland Andrea , Montefiori David C. , Girard Bethany , Edwards Darin K. , Jing Feng  , Zhou Honghong , Baden Lindsey R. , Miller Jacqueline M. , Das Rituparna 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe previously presented day 29 interim safety and immunogenicity results from a phase 2/3 study (NCT04927065) comparing the Omicron-BA.1-containing bivalent vaccine mRNA-1273.214 (50-µg) to the 50-µg mRNA-1273 booster in adults who previously received the mRNA-1273 primary series (100-µg) and mRNA-1273 first booster (50-µg) dose. Primary endpoints were safety, non-inferiority of the neutralizing antibody (nAb) and seroresponse against Omicron BA.1, superiority of the nAb response against Omicron-BA.1, and non-inferiority of the nAb response against ancestral SARS-CoV-2 for second boosters of mRNA-1273.214 versus mRNA-1273 at days 29 and 91. The key secondary endpoint was the seroresponse difference of mRNA-1273.214 versus mRNA-1273 against ancestral SARS-CoV-2 at days 29 and day 91. Participants were sequentially enrolled and dosed with 50-µg of mRNA-1273 (n = 376) or mRNA-1273.214 (n = 437) as second booster doses. Here we present day 91 post-booster results. In participants with no pre-booster, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-infection (SARS-CoV-2), mRNA-1273.214 elicited Omicron-BA.1-nAb titers (95% confidence interval [CI]) that were significantly higher (964.4 [834.4-1114.7]) than those of mRNA-1273 (624.2 [533.1-730.9]) and similar to those of mRNA-1273 against ancestral SARS-CoV-2 at day 91. mRNA-1273.214 also induced higher binding antibody responses against Omicron BA.1 and alpha, gamma and delta variants than mRNA-1273. Safety profiles were similar for both vaccines. The Omicron-BA.1 bivalent vaccine improved antibody responses compared to mRNA-1273 through 90 days post-booster.
Androgen receptor binding sites enabling genetic prediction of mortality due to prostate cancer in cancer-free subjects
Authors: Ito Shuji , Liu Xiaoxi , Ishikawa Yuki , Conti David D. , Otomo Nao , Kote-Jarai Zsofia , Suetsugu Hiroyuki , Eeles Rosalind A. , Koike Yoshinao , Hikino Keiko , Yoshino Soichiro , Tomizuka Kohei , Horikoshi Momoko , Ito Kaoru , Uchio Yuji , Momozawa Yukihide , Kubo Michiaki ,   The BioBank Japan Project, Masumoto Akihide , Nagai Akiko , Obata Daisuke , Yamaguchi Hiroki , Muto Kaori , Takahashi Kazuhisa , Yamaji Ken , Yoshimori Kozo , Higashiyama Masahiko , Sinozaki Nobuaki , Asai Satoshi , Nagayama Satoshi , Murayama Shigeo , Minami Shiro , Suzuki Takao , Morisaki Takayuki , Obara Wataru , Takahashi Yasuo , Furukawa Yoichi , Murakami Yoshinori , Yamanashi Yuji , Koretsune Yukihiro , Kamatani Yoichiro , Matsuda Koichi , Haiman Christopher A. , Ikegawa Shiro , Nakagawa Hidewaki , Terao Chikashi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractProstate cancer (PrCa) is the second most common cancer worldwide in males. While strongly warranted, the prediction of mortality risk due to PrCa, especially before its development, is challenging. Here, we address this issue by maximizing the statistical power of genetic data with multi-ancestry meta-analysis and focusing on binding sites of the androgen receptor (AR), which has a critical role in PrCa. Taking advantage of large Japanese samples ever, a multi-ancestry meta-analysis comprising more than 300,000 subjects in total identifies 9 unreported loci including ZFHX3, a tumor suppressor gene, and successfully narrows down the statistically finemapped variants compared to European-only studies, and these variants strongly enrich in AR binding sites. A polygenic risk scores (PRS) analysis restricting to statistically finemapped variants in AR binding sites shows among cancer-free subjects, individuals with a PRS in the top 10% have a strongly higher risk of the future death of PrCa (HR: 5.57, P = 4.2 × 10−10). Our findings demonstrate the potential utility of leveraging large-scale genetic data and advanced analytical methods in predicting the mortality of PrCa.
Droplet-based high-throughput single microbe RNA sequencing by smRandom-seq
Authors: Xu Ziye , Wang Yuting , Sheng Kuanwei , Rosenthal Raoul , Liu Nan , Hua Xiaoting , Zhang Tianyu , Chen Jiaye , Song Mengdi , Lv Yuexiao , Zhang Shunji , Huang Yingjuan , Wang Zhaolun , Cao Ting , Shen Yifei , Jiang Yan , Yu Yunsong , Chen Yu , Guo Guoji , Yin Peng , Weitz David A. , Wang Yongcheng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBacteria colonize almost all parts of the human body and can differ significantly. However, the population level transcriptomics measurements can only describe the average bacteria population behaviors, ignoring the heterogeneity among bacteria. Here, we report a droplet-based high-throughput single-microbe RNA-seq assay (smRandom-seq), using random primers for in situ cDNA generation, droplets for single-microbe barcoding, and CRISPR-based rRNA depletion for mRNA enrichment. smRandom-seq showed a high species specificity (99%), a minor doublet rate (1.6%), a reduced rRNA percentage (32%), and a sensitive gene detection (a median of ~1000 genes per single E. coli). Furthermore, smRandom-seq successfully captured transcriptome changes of thousands of individual E. coli and discovered a few antibiotic resistant subpopulations displaying distinct gene expression patterns of SOS response and metabolic pathways in E. coli population upon antibiotic stress. smRandom-seq provides a high-throughput single-microbe transcriptome profiling tool that will facilitate future discoveries in microbial resistance, persistence, microbe-host interaction, and microbiome research.
Adjusting 1.5 degree C climate change mitigation pathways in light of adverse new information
Authors: Gambhir Ajay , Mittal Shivika , Lamboll Robin D. , Grant Neil , Bernie Dan , Gohar Laila , Hawkes Adam , Köberle Alexandre , Rogelj Joeri , Lowe Jason A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUnderstanding how 1.5 °C pathways could adjust in light of new adverse information, such as a reduced 1.5 °C carbon budget, or slower-than-expected low-carbon technology deployment, is critical for planning resilient pathways. We use an integrated assessment model to explore potential pathway adjustments starting in 2025 and 2030, following the arrival of new information. The 1.5 °C target remains achievable in the model, in light of some adverse information, provided a broad portfolio of technologies and measures is still available. If multiple pieces of adverse information arrive simultaneously, average annual emissions reductions near 3 GtCO2/yr for the first five years following the pathway adjustment, compared to 2 GtCO2/yr in 2020 when the Covid-19 pandemic began. Moreover, in these scenarios of multiple simultaneous adverse information, by 2050 mitigation costs are 4-5 times as high as a no adverse information scenario, highlighting the criticality of developing a wide range of mitigation options, including energy demand reduction options.
Proton transport through nanoscale corrugations in two-dimensional crystals
Authors: Wahab O. J. , Daviddi E. , Xin B. , Sun P. Z. , Griffin E. , Colburn A. W. , Barry D. , Yagmurcukardes M. , Peeters F. M. , Geim A. K. , Lozada-Hidalgo M. , Unwin P. R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDefect-free graphene is impermeable to all atoms1–5 and ions6,7 under ambient conditions. Experiments that can resolve gas flows of a few atoms per hour through micrometre-sized membranes found that monocrystalline graphene is completely impermeable to helium, the smallest atom2,5. Such membranes were also shown to be impermeable to all ions, including the smallest one, lithium6,7. By contrast, graphene was reported to be highly permeable to protons, nuclei of hydrogen atoms8,9. There is no consensus, however, either on the mechanism behind the unexpectedly high proton permeability10–14 or even on whether it requires defects in graphene’s crystal lattice6,8,15–17. Here, using high-resolution scanning electrochemical cell microscopy, we show that, although proton permeation through mechanically exfoliated monolayers of graphene and hexagonal boron nitride cannot be attributed to any structural defects, nanoscale non-flatness of two-dimensional membranes greatly facilitates proton transport. The spatial distribution of proton currents visualized by scanning electrochemical cell microscopy reveals marked inhomogeneities that are strongly correlated with nanoscale wrinkles and other features where strain is accumulated. Our results highlight nanoscale morphology as an important parameter enabling proton transport through two-dimensional crystals, mostly considered and modelled as flat, and indicate that strain and curvature can be used as additional degrees of freedom to control the proton permeability of two-dimensional materials.
The proportional Caputo operator approach to the thermal transport of Jeffery tri-hybrid nanofluid in a rotating frame with thermal radiation
Authors: Arif Muhammad , Kumam Poom , Watthayu Wiboonsak , Di Persio Luca 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEngine Oil is a widely used fluid in engineering problems, particularly to enhance the rate of heat transfer when these working fluids play a fundamental role. We consider engine oil as a base fluid and the suspension of different shaped (Spherical cylindrical and platelet) nanoparticles dispersed uniformly in the base fluid to enhance the working capability of engine oil. The spherical shape$${\text{CuO}}$$CuO, platelet shape$${\text{Al}}_{2} {\text{O}}_{3}$$Al2O3and cylindrical shape$${\text{TiO}}_{2}$$TiO2nanoparticles are added in engine oil to constitute tri-hybrid nanofluid aiming at obtaining better thermal performance. Furthermore, we also analyze the Jeffery tri-hybrid nanofluid in a rotating frame over an infinite vertical plate. More precisely, the classical model of Jeffery tri-hybrid nanofluid is transformed into a time-fractional model by applying the newly developed constant proportional Caputo fractional derivatives. Sharp numerical results are obtained applying a Laplace transform steered approach. All the flow parameters are highlighted through graphs via MATHCAD. Furthermore, a comparative analysis between nanofluid, hybrid nanofluid and tri-hybrid nanofluid has been performed showing that tri-hybrid nanofluid has good thermal performance. The solutions of the constant proportional operator are discussed classically by taking fractional parameter α → 1. Moreover, some engineering quantities have been calculated and presented in tables. During the analysis we dispersing the mixture of nanoparticles in engine oil base fluid enhanced the heat transfer up-to18.72% which can efficiently improve the lubricity of the engine oil.
Quantum correlation in a nano-electro-optomechanical system enhanced by an optical parametric amplifier and Coulomb-type interaction
Authors: Mekonnen Habtamu Dagnaw , Tesfahannes Tesfay Gebremariam , Darge Tewodros Yirgashewa , Kumela Alemayehu Getahun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we investigated the quantum correlation of nano-electro-optomechanical system enhanced by an optical parametric amplifier (OPA) and Coulomb-type interaction. In particular, we consider a hybrid system consisting of a cavity and two charged mechanical oscillators with an OPA, where the optical cavity mode is coupled with a charged mechanical oscillator via radiation pressure, and the two charged mechanical oscillators are coupled through a Coulomb interaction. We use logarithmic negativity to quantify quantum entanglement, and quantum discord to measure the quantumness correlation between the two mechanical oscillators. We characterize quantum steering using the steerability between the two mechanical oscillators. Our results show that the presence of OPA and strong Coulomb coupling enhances the quantum correlations between the two mechanical oscillators. In addition, Coulomb interactions are more prominent in quantum correlations. Besides, in the presence of OPA, the maximum amount of quantum entanglement, quantum steering, and quantum discord were achieved between the two mechanical oscillators is greater than in the absence of OPA. Moreover, a proper phase choice of the optical field driving the OPA enhances quantum correlations under suitable conditions. We obtain quantum entanglement confines quantum steering and quantum discord beyond entanglement. Furthermore, quantum entanglement, quantum steering, and quantum discord decrease rapidly with increasing temperature as a result of decoherence. In addition, quantum discord persists at higher temperature values, although the quantum entanglement between the systems also vanishes completely. Our proposed scheme enhances quantum correlation and proves robust against fluctuations in the bath environment. We believe that the present scheme of quantum correlation provides a promising platform for the realization of continuous variable quantum information processing.
Prevalence of mental health symptoms and potential risk factors among Austrian veterinary medicine students
Authors: Humer Elke , Neubauer Viktoria , Brühl Deianira , Dale Rachel , Pieh Christoph , Probst Thomas 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAlthough the poor mental health of veterinarians has been reported in different countries, no data exist on mental health in Austrian veterinary students. This study aimed to provide first data on a broad range of mental health indicators in Austrian veterinary students, compare these data with the Austrian general population, and explore factors associated with poor mental health. A total of 29.1% (n = 430; 85.8% female; mean age: 23.14 ± 3.69 years) of the total Austrian veterinary student population (N = 1477 students; 82.1% females) took part in an online survey conducted from November 2022 to January 2023. Indicators of mental health were symptoms of depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7), insomnia (ISI-7), stress (PSS-4), alcohol abuse (CAGE) and disordered eating (SCOFF). Compared to the general Austrian population a higher proportion of veterinary students exceeded the cut-offs for clinically relevant mental health symptoms (P < 0.05). A total of 55.3% of participating veterinary students exceeded the cut-off for moderate depressive symptoms, 52.6% for moderate anxiety symptoms, 20.9% for clinically relevant insomnia symptoms, 79.3% for high-stress symptoms, 22.8% for symptoms of alcohol abuse and 38.6% for symptoms of disordered eating. Multivariable logistic regression including several sociodemographic, health behavior, and study-related variables as predictors revealed that mental health symptoms in veterinary students were associated with female gender, older age, low physical activity, high smartphone usage, and desired specification in small animal or wildlife medicine. In conclusion, Austrian veterinary students experience a high mental health burden. The teaching of coping skills and strategies to improve mental hygiene should be implemented in the curricula of veterinary education to improve mental health in the veterinary profession.
Seasonally-reversed trends in the subtropical Northwestern Pacific linked to asymmetric AMO influences
Authors: Lin Yong-Fu , Terng Chuen-Teyr , Wu Chau-Ron , Yu Jin-Yi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study identifies seasonally-reversed trends in Kuroshio strength and sea surface temperatures (SSTs) within the western North Pacific (WNP) since the 1990s, specifically in the 22° N–28° N region. These trends are characterized by increases during summer and decreases during winter. The seasonally-reversed trends are a result of the asymmetric responses of the WNP to a shift towards the positive phase of the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO) around the same period. The positive AMO induces an anomalous descent over the North Pacific during summer, leading to the direct strengthening of the gyre. However, during winter, it triggers an anomalous descent over the tropical Pacific, which excites a poleward wavetrain impacting the WNP and causing gyre weakening. The associated responses of the East Asian monsoon and China Coastal Current contribute to the observed seasonally-reversed SST trends. It is noteworthy that the seasonally-reversed trends in gyre strength and SSTs are predominantly observed north of 20° N in the WNP. This limitation arises because the anomalous cyclone within the winter poleward wavetrain is located north of this latitude boundary. Specifically, the clearest trends in gyre strength are observed in the northern segment of the Kuroshio, while the manifestation of SST trends in the Taiwan Strait could potentially be attributed to the influence and enhancement of the East Asian monsoon and the China Coastal Current. Due to the limited length of observational data, statistical significance of some of the signals discussed is rather limited. A CESM1 pacemaker experiments is further conducted to confirm the asymmetric responses of the North Pacific to the AMO between the summer and winter seasons.
Association between dietary acid load and the odds of ulcerative colitis: a case–control study
Authors: Movahedian Mina , Emamat Hadi , Tangestani Hadith , Rashvand Samaneh , Ghalandari Hamid , Somi Mohammad Hossein , Hekmatdoost Azita 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUlcerative colitis (UC) is one of the two types of inflammatory bowel disease (IBDs), which have a pivotal role in weakening the quality of lives of suffering patients. According to some recent studies, significant changes in dietary patterns may have contributed to the increased prevalence of UC. Potential renal acid load (PRAL) is an index used to estimate dietary acid load of the diet. The aim of the current study is to investigate the association between PRAL and odds of UC. The current case–control study included 62 newly diagnosed cases of UC and 124 healthy controls. Dietary habits of participants in the last year were collected with a valid food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Thereafter, PRAL score was calculated based on a formula containing the dietary intake of protein, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium. Participants were categorized according to quartiles of PRAL. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds' ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of UC across quartiles of PRAL. The results of the current study indicated that in the crude model, participants in the fourth quartile of PRAL had 2.51 time higher odds of UC compared with those in the first quartile of the PRAL [(OR 2.51; 95% CI 1.03–6.14), (P = 0.043)]. After adjustment for age and biological gender, this positive association remained significant [(OR 2.99; 95% CI 1.16–7.72), (P = 0.023)]. In the final model, after further adjustment for BMI, current smoking, education, Helicobacter pylori infection, and dietary intakes of total energy, omega-3 fatty acids, trans-fatty acids, and total dietary fiber, the odds of UC in the highest quartile of PRAL was significantly higher compared to the lowest quartile [(OR 3.08; 95% CI 1.01–9.39), (P = 0.048)]. So, we observed that higher dietary acid load assessed by PRAL score is associated with greater odds of UC.
A research on cross‐chain and interoperation methods of fusion protocol
Authors: Ming Li , Wenpeng Song , Ankai Li , Ziming Zhou , Mianchen Liu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAt present, cross‐chain technology and cross‐chain system pay more attention to cross‐chain security and performance, and have shown great improvement in security, scalability and efficiency. However, the generality of cross‐chain technology in different scenarios is poor, and it may not fit in different business fields. In order to solve the generality problem of cross‐chain technology, this paper sorts out and analyzes the research of blockchain cross‐chain protocol, and proposes a fusion protocol cross‐chain method based on relay‐chain technology. This paper will introduce the cross‐chain framework and cross‐chain transaction process of fusion protocol. Cross‐chain framework includes blockchain cross‐chain interaction architecture, cross‐chain interaction governance mechanism and cross‐chain privacy protection scheme. The transaction process is divided into three different stages. Finally, combined with cross‐chain key technologies and landing application requirements, the future research direction of blockchain cross‐chain technology is given. The fusion protocol cross‐chain method based on relay‐chain technology proposed here is a groundbreaking innovation in the field of blockchain cross‐chain technology. By integrating the advantages of different blockchain systems and protocols, the fusion protocol is able to achieve a high degree of generality and compatibility, making it suitable for various business scenarios and applications.
Design of a multi‐function global navigation satellite system and 5G cellular antenna structure for automotive applications using characteristic mode analysis
Authors: Abdul‐Rahman Ehab , Aloi Daniel N. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper illustrates a single antenna structure that simultaneously satisfies the antenna requirement for 5G cellular and global navigation satellite systems (GNSS). The antenna has a linearly polarised omnidirectional radiation for the newly defined 5G sub‐6 GHz cellular bands in the 617–5000 MHz frequency range. In contrast, a right‐hand circular polarisation (RHCP) with a hemispherical radiation pattern at the GNSS L1 has a frequency range of 1559–1606 MHz. This multi‐function antenna would provide a simplified product design and better space utilisation, particularly suitable for flat antenna modules and automotive. The primary concept involves employing a planar inverted F antenna structure to generate radiation modes for cellular bands and incorporate U‐slot on the top plate to generate the GNSS radiation modes. The design methodology utilises the characteristic mode analysis tool to tune the desired radiation characteristic mode at the intended frequency range for each function. The antenna was fabricated, and the performance was evaluated on a 1‐m ground plane. The GNSS RHCP gain measures 5 dBc at boresight, with an axial ratio below 2 dB across the L1 bands, while the cellular gain maintains an excellent return loss and omnidirectional radiation pattern performance across the cellular bands.
Neues zum Behçet-Syndrom
Authors: Xenitidis Theodoros , Henes Jörg Christoph 
Published: August 2023

Was ist neu?
Immunpathogenese und Genetik Auch beim BS spielt die Neutrophilen-
(Hyper-)Aktivierung und die daraus hervorgehende NETosis eine wichtige Rolle.
Klinische Befunde Neben den 4 Kardinalsymptomen – nämlich rezidivierende orale Aphthen, genitale Aphthen sowie Haut- und Augenläsionen – bietet das Krankheitsbild zahlreiche weitere Manifestationen, die häufig eine interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit erfordern. Dies gilt neben der Augenbeteiligung, die bei inadäquater Behandlung immer noch zur Erblindung führen kann, insbesondere auch für intestinale und zerebrale Manifestationen sowie für die Großgefäß-Vaskulitis.
Therapie Eine letzte Überarbeitung der EULAR-Empfehlungen erfolgte 2018. Die Empfehlungen sind mittlerweile als wichtiger Behandlungsleitfaden international etabliert. Die Therapie richtet sich nach der führenden Organbeteiligung. Nachdem 2016 Adalimumab eine Zulassung für die Behandlung der hinteren Augenbeteiligung erhielt, steht mit Apremilast seit 2020 ein weiterer Wirkstoff zur Verfügung. Empfohlen wird das Medikament für die Behandlung rezidivierender oraler Aphthen bei erwachsenen Behçet-Patienten, die einer systemischen Therapie bedürfen. Es besteht dennoch ein weiterer Bedarf an neuen Substanzen.