bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Secret behind Extreme Hypoxia Tolerance: A “Slow-Growth” Thoracoabdominal Aneurysm
Authors: Olevano Carlo , Gagliardi Giuliano , Antonio Mollo , Eugenio Santaniello , Flora Loris , Lorenzo Emilio Di , Fiorani Brenno 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA 61-year-old man presented to our institution complaining of back pain. Breathing was comfortable. An arterial blood gas showed extreme hypoxia causing chronic respiratory alkalosis. Further investigations revealed aneurysmal dilatation of the ascending aorta and the Crawford Type II thoracoabdominal aneurysm, with compression of both the left main bronchus and the right pulmonary artery. The patient was managed with a two-stage hybrid surgical approach comprising total arch replacement using the frozen elephant trunk technique followed by endovascular repair.
Comparison of EMLA Cream versus Lidocaine Injection for Lumbar Puncture Pain Control in Pediatric Oncology Patients
Authors: Merry-Sperry Andrea D. , Alqudah Elham , Magner Alexa , Thompson Stephanie , Smith Pamela , Meyer Ashley , Badawi Mohamad 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground Subcutaneous lidocaine injection and topical EMLA cream are both used to control lumbar puncture (LP) pain; however, local analgesia usage is not standardized.Methods We conducted a prospective, single-blinded, randomized-controlled crossover trial comparing the two modalities in reducing LP pain. Pediatric patients requiring serial LPs were randomly assigned to receive EMLA cream or lidocaine injection prior to LP. On the subsequent LP, analgesia was defaulted to the other agent. Pain was assessed using the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale pre-procedure: 30 to 60 minutes post-LP, and 24 hours post-procedure.Results Ten patients were included in the analysis (median age: 5.5 years). Pain ratings at 1 and 24 hours post-LP did not differ between the two strategies (p = 0.79). No adverse local reactions were reported for either agent.Conclusion Accordingly, both lidocaine and EMLA cream provided effective LP pain control.
Not All Glittering Bone Lesions Are Gold: A Case of Sclerotic Bone Lesions with Elevated 68Ga PSMA and 99mTc HDP Uptake with No Signs of Malignancy
Authors: Bentestuen Morten , Elkjær Maria Carlsen , Zacho Helle D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGallium-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography (68Ga PSMA PET/CT) outperforms CT and bone scintigraphy in terms of diagnostic accuracy for the primary staging of prostate cancer and has become widely used. However, 68Ga PSMA uptake is also encountered in nonprostatic tissue. We present a 63-year-old male with newly diagnosed high-risk prostate cancer who underwent bone scintigraphy with single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT), which showed inhomogeneous elevated uptake in sclerotic bone lesions in the pelvis. Likewise, 68Ga PSMA PET/CT revealed inhomogeneous uptake in the same areas. Subsequent biopsy revealed hyperplastic bone marrow without signs of malignancy. The patient underwent radical prostatectomy, and the prostate-specific antigen level dropped to less than 0.1 ng/mL.
Prostatic Artery Embolization: Technical Pearls
Authors: Bhatia Ansh , Maini Aneesha , Bhatia Shivank 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBenign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a condition that primarily affects men between the fourth and seventh decades of life, occurring due to enlargement of the prostate which subsequently causes compression of the prostatic urethra causing chronic obstruction of the urinary outflow tract. BPH can cause significant quality-of-life issues such as urinary hesitancy, intermittency, decreased urinary stream, a sensation of incomplete emptying, dysuria, urinary retention, hematuria, and nocturia. Several medical and surgical treatment modalities are available for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms and other BPH-related sequela; however, increasingly prostate artery embolization is being utilized in this patient population. Technical demands for this procedure in this population can be significant. This article describes the optimal techniques, tricks, and advanced imaging techniques that can be used to achieve desired technical outcomes.
The State of Evidence in Prostate Artery Embolization
Authors: Qamhawi Zahi , Little Mark W. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractProstate artery embolization (PAE) has emerged over the past two decades as a minimally invasive, nonsurgical treatment for benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). While the majority of evidence for PAE stems from retrospective cohort studies, several seminal randomized controlled trials have been performed comparing short-term outcomes of PAE to transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) and against a sham procedure. Across clinical trials, PAE demonstrates consistent improvement in urological symptoms and quality of life in patients with BPH with low complication rates. When compared to TURP, the results are comparable, but there is a trend for better outcomes in certain clinical parameters with TURP. PAE is a suitable option for patients who are not surgical candidates, prefer nonsurgical treatment with an earlier return to routine activities, and wish to better preserve sexual function.
Using Virtual Reality to Teach Sinus Anatomy
Authors: Hosoya Kei , Komachi Taro , Sugimoto Maki , Yoshino Ayaho , Kuya Junko , Okubo Kimihiro 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAnatomy education is a crucial part of the curriculum for medical students, and it is essential for surgeons to perform safe surgery. The anatomy of the sinus cavity is complicated and cannot be easily understood through cadaver dissection practice and reading of surgical anatomy textbooks. Therefore, the development of methods to effectively teach the anatomy of such complex structures is essential for performing safe medical procedures. This study aimed to investigate whether the use of virtual reality (VR) in an educational course on paranasal sinus anatomy could contribute to the understanding and learning efficiency of dissection of the complex sinus anatomy. We devised a system to observe the paranasal sinuses in the VR space by polygonizing the shape of the sinus cavity using computed tomography images of the sinuses. Medical students moved around the VR space and viewed the sinuses from different angles using the VR system; notably, this is impossible in a conventional anatomy laboratory. A questionnaire was administered to 27 medical students (15 men and 12 women; mean age, 24.9 years) to evaluate their understanding of the sinus anatomy and the number of times they had experienced VR and used VR systems. We found that more than 70% of the students had never used VR before, but they could easily use it even if they were unfamiliar with the operation of the VR system, and the learning process was enjoyable and efficient. Thus, the VR application could be a useful tool for educating medical students.
Interface state density distribution near conduction band edge at Al2O3/Mg-ion-implanted GaN interface formed after activation annealing using AlN cap layer
Authors: Hatakeyama Yuki , Akazawa Masamichi 
Published: December 2022

An interface state density (Dit) distribution near the conduction band edge (EC) at the Al2O3/Mg-ion-implanted GaN interface was measured after ion implantation, annealing with an AlN protective cap, and cap layer removal. Mg ions were implanted into n-GaN with a Si concentration of 6 × 1017 cm−3 at a maximum Mg concentration of 2 × 1017 cm−3, resulting in the maintenance of the n-type conduction in GaN even after the activation of Mg dopants. Activation annealing was carried out at 1250 °C for 1 min using an AlN cap layer. The complete removal of the AlN cap layer was accomplished by wet etching, which was confirmed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The photoluminescence spectrum showed donor–acceptor-pair emission after annealing, indicating the activation of Mg acceptors. By applying the capacitance–voltage method to a completed metal–oxide–semiconductor diode, we derived a continuous distribution of relatively low Dit below 5 × 1012 cm−2 eV−1, which increased monotonically toward EC in the range from EC − 0.15 to EC − 0.45 eV. Compared with the Dit distribution of the as-implanted sample, the density of the discrete level at EC − 0.25 eV generated by divacancies markedly decreased upon 1250 °C annealing.
Studies on anode mass composition and cathode flow field design for small-scale to large-scale direct methanol fuel cell stack systems
Authors: Kumaresan Thanarajan , Palaniswamy Karthikeyan , Fly Ashley , Sundaram Senthilarasu 
Published: December 2022

In this research, the performance studies of a single cell Direct Methanol Fuel Cell with three different mass compositions (20%, 40%, and 60%) of platinum at anode infused in NiTiO3/C and multiple cathode flow fields, such as serpentine, parallel, and sinuous, with 25 cm2 active area. 40% platinum mass composition has been reported with a maximum power density of 24.42 mW/cm2, which is 26.8% and 10.4% higher than the performance observed in 20% and 60% platinum mass composition, respectively, on serpentine flow field. Among the various cathode flow fields, sinuous flow field provided the maximum power density of 28.69 mW/cm2, which is 17.48% and 53.83% higher in performance than that of serpentine and parallel flow fields, respectively. The best-performing catalyst mass composition and flow field, viz., 40% mass composition and sinuous flow field are scaled up to a 100 cm2 active area, and the results showed 16% lower performance compared to a 25 cm2 active area. A three-cell stack is fabricated with the best performing combination with the 100 cm2 active area that delivered a peak power output of 5.8 W, which resulted in 19.4% lower performance than 100 cm2. The stack was tested for stability for 48 h at constant voltage mode and was found that 0.002 W deviation for the entire period.
Ultrafast silicon threshold circuitry for chaotic laser time series
Authors: Wada Kazuyuki , Hara Shinsuke , Tanoi Satoru , Kasamatsu Akifumi , Otsuka Yuta , Sekine Kawori , Uchida Atsushi , Naruse Makoto 
Published: December 2022

Photonic computing has been intensively studied to explore the ultrahigh bandwidth of lightwaves. However, electronic support is indispensable for the post-processing and control of photonic systems owing to the difficulties encountered in all-optical processing. Herein, we demonstrate an ultrafast silicon circuitry capable of conducting thresholding operations on incoming chaotically oscillating high-bandwidth signals. Such circuits are critical elements in ultrafast random-number generators and photonic reinforcement learning that exploit chaotically oscillating time series. The circuit design, including active inductors for bandwidth expansion, and proof-of-principle fabricated device operations are demonstrated using a 180 nm silicon complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor technology node.
Bridging the gap between primary and secondary care: a utilisation evaluation of an otolaryngology GPwSI programme
Authors: Brundell William , Thwaites Nadina , Arrol Sharon , Arroll Bruce , Coomarasamy Christin , Morton Randall 
Published: December 2022

Introduction Counties Manukau Health Otolaryngology programme for general practitioners with special interest (GPwSI) was developed to provide a group of GPs with tools to manage low complexity, secondary otolaryngology (ORL) problems in their local communities. After clinical triaging, the medical records were retrieved to assess patient outcomes from community (GPwSI) review. This programme provides an example of how the aims of the Health NZ reforms may work in practice, by bridging primary and secondary services. Aim To assess whether the GPwSI programme provides patients with suitable specialty care in the community, compared to a specialised, hospital outpatient otolaryngology clinic (OPC). Methods This is a retrospective study of patients with an assigned priority of three (non-urgent) referred to Middlemore Hospital for a first specialist assessment (FSA) during 2018–19. Results Of the 6231 patients referred, one-fifth (22%) were directed to the GPwSI service, and the remainder (78%) were arranged to be seen in the OPC. GPwSI patients were more likely to be seen for their FSA earlier than OPC patients (RR 1.55, 95% CI 1.46–1.64, P < 0.05). Most patients (99%) referred for surgery by GPwSIs and about one-quarter (23%) of GPwSI patients (315/1345; 23%) were assigned to GPwSI follow up, of which almost all (95%) were managed within the GPwSI programme. Discussion Patients being seen through the GPwSI programme are suitably managed in the community, more efficiently than if they were to be seen in an outpatient specialist clinic.
Perspectives from the Royal Society of Medicine
One Health: The Missing Link
Conference and Soulsby Lecture 2021
Authors: Battersby Ian , Bower Martha , Dammery-Quigley Grace , Danson David , Harrison Stephen , Heymann David , Hunter Elena , Jaspal Rusi , Maudling Rebecca , Shotton Justine , White Samuel , Wilson Philippe B. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

The term
One Health
encompasses the medicine of humans, animals, the environment and the interrelations between them. There has been substantial progress in recognising the importance of collective agreements and thinking in healthcare and preventative medicine, particularly in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, with amplified acknowledgement of the role zoonoses increasingly play in our global health system. The 2021 Royal Society of Medicine’s
One Health: The Missing Link
conference brought together subject experts from across medical specialties to discuss cultures of coworking, key challenges and the future vision of One Health both nationally and on a global scale. This perspective article aims to summarise the discussions arising from the event, and highlights particular challenges in medical education, public and global health policy, antimicrobial resistance and stewardship and environmental medicine. This article will serve to consolidate the outcomes of this event and generate dialogue between clinical and non-clinical stakeholders within the One Health space.

One Health Impact Statement
This article summarises the discussions and contributions of the 2021 Royal Society of Medicine One Health symposium and linked events. Major discussion points are described including antimicrobial resistance, training of human and animal clinicians, the link to environmental medicine, and positioning one health efforts within the wider third sector. We outline current challenges in unifying a One Health approach as well as offering perspectives for collaboration and interdisciplinary work.
Supplementary comparison - calibration of gauge blocks by mechanical method
Authors: Angnostou Miliadis , Dahlan Ahmed , Alsenaidi Majed , Yandayan Tanfer , Akgoz Sibel Asli , Halim Razma M , AlQahtani Nasser , AlQahtani Faisal , Talha Yasser Bin , AlMathkor Faizah , Habibi Stilian 
Published: December 2022

Main text
Comparison of short tungsten gauge blocks and steel long gauge blocks by comparison method.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCL, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Update of the BIPM comparison BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Ac-225 of activity measurements of the radionuclide 225Ac to include the 2021 result of the POLATOM (Poland)
Authors: Coulon Romain , Michotte Carine , Courte Sammy , Nonis Manuel , Ziemek Tomasz , Marganiec-Gałązka Justyna , Lech Edyta , Saganowski Pawel , Czudek Marek , Listkowska Anna 
Published: December 2022

Main text
Since 2019, 2 laboratories have submitted 2 samples of 225Ac to the International Reference System (SIR) for activity comparison at the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM), with comparison identifier BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Ac-225. Recently, the POLATOM (Poland) participated in the comparison and a key comparison reference value (KCRV) has been calculated. For the first time, the degrees of equivalence between each equivalent activity measured in the SIR have been calculated and the results are given in the form of a table. A graphical presentation is also given.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCRI, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Final report, ongoing key comparison BIPM.QM-K1, ozone at ambient level, comparison with DMDM, September 2022
Authors: Viallon Joële , Idrees Faraz , Moussay Philippe , Wielgosz Robert , Bebic Jelena 
Published: December 2022

Main text
As part of the ongoing key comparison BIPM.QM-K1, a comparison has been performed between the ozone national standard of Serbia maintained by the Directorate of Measures and Precious Metals (DMDM) and the common reference standard of the key comparison, maintained by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM). The instruments have been compared over a nominal ozone amount fraction range of 0 nmol mol-1 to 500 nmol mol-1.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
3D printing of hydrodynamic coupling for school education
Authors: Šušteršič V , Vukašinović V , Gordić D , Josijević M 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The application of 3D printing technologies in the industry is growing as new possibilities for their application are discovered, which take advantage of their functionalities. Also, today more and more 3D technology is used for educational purposes. Incorporating of 3D printing in the form of production of three dimensional shapes into the teaching process improved the understanding of geometry.
Hydrodynamic couplings works on the hydrodynamic principle, which takes place based of the indirect principle of operation. The pump wheel transfers the introduced mechanical energy into the kinetic energy through the fluid flow. The fluid of higher energy flows centrically from the pump wheel to the turbine wheel, where re-conversion to mechanical energy takes place. In this paper, the description and principles of operation of hydrodynamic couplings are presented, as well as their basic characteristics and advantages. Also, the calculation of one hydrodynamic coupling and its 3D model that would be used in the education system are given.
Topology optimization of a MacPherson control arm
Authors: Vossou Clio , Nakos Andreas , Koulocheris Dimitrios 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
One of the most important systems in ground vehicles is the suspension system, which is responsible for the ride comfort, the road holding and handling. A crucial part of a passenger car passive suspension system is the control arm or wishbone arm or A-arm. Its main function is to provide a link between the body of the vehicle and the wheels. In this paper, the studied control arm is a part of a MacPherson strut suspension and its dimensions correspond to a front right suspension of a SUV vehicle. Two geometrical models of the control arm were developed in Solidworks® CAD-CAE Software, one with the measured dimensions and one with the outline dimensions of the control arm. A finite element model of the first one was built, using typical loading conditions, in order to determine the deformation and the stress contours. Then a topology optimization analysis was carried out to the second one in order to obtain a new design for the control arm. The FE results of the existing control arm and the optimized one were compared in terms of weight and structural integrity in different loading conditions leading to conclusions regarding the optimization procedure.
FE mesh density influence on blast loading analysis
Authors: Pešić Miloš , Jović Nikola , Milovanović Vladimir , Pantić Mladen , Živković Miroslav 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
To examine the influence of mesh density on the blast loads of anti-landmines (ALMs) and improvised explosive devices (IEDs) under an armored vehicle, models with different FE mesh densities were numerically analysed. The multi-material arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (MM-ALE) algorithm was used to simulate under armored vehicle explosions. Explicit dynamic analysis was performed in LS-DYNA. Blast loading simulation was performed using the ConWep (conventional weapon) loading model, which is implemented in LS-DYNA. The material characteristics of high-strength steel were used to model the protective plates on the armored vehicle. Protective plates were modeled in a V-shape and as a deformable solid with the Johnson-Cook plasticity model. In this paper, the FE model with different mesh densities was numerically tested to analyse the influence of mesh density on the obtained results. For the purposes of the modeling, different types of finite elements were used for the FE models. The floor of the vehicle was modeled with 3D hexahedral eight-noded finite elements, and the protective plates were modeled with four-noded plate finite elements. The maximal value of plastic strain and the maximal value of the displacement of the central node on the protective plate was chosen as the parameters to compare the obtained results.
Investigation of the permitted level of damage of vehicle safety glass
Authors: Petković S , Golubović-Bugarski V , Globočki-Lakić G , Đurić Ž 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Glass plays an important role in a vehicle, and it is essential to preserve the safety and security of passengers. It is called safety glass because it does not create sharp edges in the case of breaking, which can injure drivers and passengers, but scatters into many small pieces that are not dangerous (tempered glass) or remain held in place by means of an interlayer (laminated glass). During the operation of the vehicle, the glass is often damaged due to the impact of stones or other objects. The level of damage (size and character) and its location on glass determine the extent to which the safety of the use of glass is impaired. This paper presents the basic characteristics of safety glass installed in vehicles, the requirements which must fulfilled, as well as criterion for assessing its technical correctness in the technical inspection procedure. The significance of this research lies in the fact that state institutions can improve the legal regulations in the field of technical inspections of vehicles, while transportation companies can achieve appropriate financial savings in vehicle maintenance.
Optimization of the air distribution system in motor vehicle cabin using computational fluid dynamics
Authors: Feher D , Ružić D , Galamboš S , Nikolić N , Dorić J 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The paper presents the application of CFD software for simulating the conditions that prevail inside the air distributor of the vehicle's ventilation system with the aim of increasing the efficiency of the distributor. The simulation results were validated based on the experimental data found in the literature. Based on the results of the simulation, the geometry of the distributor was optimized with the aim of reducing the pressure drop through the ventilation system. It was found that optimizing the distributor geometry to some extent can provide a more energy efficient ventilation system.