bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Sleep Quality and Nutritional Status of Antenatal Mothers—A Community-Based Study
Authors: Udgiri Rekha S. , Sorganvi Vijaya 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
Sleep is an essential part of the overall well-being of health. Good quality of sleep is required for everyone to be free from physically, mentally, and socially caused disease and disability. The quality of sleep is more important during pregnancy where women are carrying one more life in their womb. Socioeconomic and demographic factors have a substantial effect on nutritional status and the food intake of women, especially pregnant and lactating women in the family. The available literature has highlighted the influence of factors such as women’s education status, family size, and community to which a woman belongs on their nutritional status and intake. Very few studies highlighted the sleep pattern in the different trimester and nutritional score of pregnant women. Therefore, the present study was an attempt to evaluate the quality of sleep and nutritional status among pregnant women in field practice areas.

Materials and Methods:
The present study was a prospective cross-sectional observational study and was carried out in urban and rural field practice areas of the Department of Community Medicine. A total of 104 pregnant women from randomly selected households in both rural and urban areas were included in the study as a convenient sampling. Data on the quality of sleep were collected using standardized Pittsburgh sleep quality index scale from participants, and women dietary diversity score was collected by 24 h diet history in their own language.

Result:
Of them, 75% have sleep difficulty with a score of >3; 54% of them were consuming more than six food groups in their daily diet.

Conclusion:
Our study concludes that an imbalance among antenatal mothers between resident areas related to nutrition score was due to literacy status, occupation, and the type of family of the antenatal mothers.
Managing the Synergism of COVID-19 Variants and Noncommunicable Diseases through Natural Methods, Immune Boosters, and Lifestyle Modification
Authors: Kapoor Suraj 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
Noncommunicable diseases and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are revealing synergism in the form of similarity in risk factors and clinical course. Hence, it is proposed to focus on other efficient measures to combat the current pandemic using natural measures such as nutrition, immune boosters, and lifestyle modification to prevent the severe outcomes of COVID-19. These measures will also help in improving the widespread morbidity and mortality due to noncommunicable diseases.

Materials and Methods:
A desk review of the literature was conducted to collect, collate, synthesize, and analyze information: (a) importance of natural methods, immune booster, and lifestyle modification, (b) antigenic sin/immune imprinting due to revaccination, (c) noncommunicable diseases being an important focal point in reducing the severity of COVID-19, and (d) limitation of the use of repurposed drugs and a lack of definitive treatment.

Results and Discussion:
A total number of 30 articles/government/international websites were assessed. Existing literature regarding the effectiveness of natural, dietary, lifestyle modification, antioxidants, and probiotics is compared and analyzed. Factors influencing the pandemic management like synergism with noncommunicable diseases, immune imprinting with revaccination, and the use of repurposed drugs are discussed.

Conclusion:
With limited success by restrictive and nonpharmacological intervention, vaccination revealing immune imprinting, a lack of scientific and definitive treatment against COVID-19, and its variants and with synergism with noncommunicable diseases, it is imperative to focus on natural, immune booster, lifestyle modification to curb the pandemic.
Management of Neglected Femoral Neck Fracture in Young Adolescents with Modified Pauwels Osteotomy
Authors: Das Chinmoy , Saifuddin Ahmad , Bora Debasish 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Non-union of the femoral neck fracture in young is difficult to tackle. Many reported treatment methods for neglected femoral neck fractures do not always satisfactorily address the problems like non-union, coxa vara, and limb shortening. If the femoral head is viable, the most appropriate treatment is valgus osteotomy, which increases the femoral neck angle to change shearing force to compression force. We prospectively reviewed the functional outcome of the modified Pauwels’ osteotomy in 16 young adults to determine whether this approach would correct those problems.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 16 cases of neck femur fracture in less than or equal to 16 year old neglected for more than 12 weeks were included in our study and were treated primarily by modified Pauwels intertrochanteric osteotomy with internal fixation. The patients were followed up to 12–24 months with radiography and were assessed regarding Harris hip score, unionand limb length discrepancy.

Results:
Union was seen in all the 16 patients .11 out of the 16 patients showed excellent clinical outcome (Harris hip score ≥ 90) with an average Harris score of 90.1 ± 6.

Conclusion:
Modiﬁed Pauwels’ Intertrochanteric Osteotomy is a safe and effective procedure in preserving the God gifted hip in neglected femoral neck fracture
Factors contributing to the mortality of elderly patients with colorectal cancer within a year after surgery
Authors: Shang Wei , Yuan Wenguang , Liu Ran , Yan Chuanwang , Fu Mofan , Yang Hui , Chen Jingbo 
Published: March 2023

Aims:
Patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) have a lower survival rate during the first year following resection surgery. We analyzed the factors influencing this early mortality.

Methods and Material:
The clinicopathological data of patients aged 70 years or older who underwent radical surgery for CRC between January 2012 and December 2018 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. A total of 242 patients (141 males and 101 females), including 93 with colon cancer and 139 with rectal cancer, were included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether they survived beyond the first year after surgery. The clinicopathological data of both groups were compared using Chi-square or Fisher's exact tests. The risk factors for mortality within 1-year after surgery were analyzed using the Cox regression model.

Results:
Forty-three patients experienced at least one complication, including 34 cases with Clavien–Dindo grade I–II complications and 12 with Clavien–Dindo grade III–IV complications. Eleven patients died in the year following surgery. Patients with postoperative complications had higher mortality rates within the first year. Univariate analysis revealed that carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) levels, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grades, and differentiation degree influenced the 1-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Multivariate analysis confirmed that CA19-9 levels and ASA grades were independent factors affecting OS and DFS during the first year after surgery.

Conclusion:
Postoperative complications were associated with the early death of elderly CRC patients. CA19-9 levels and ASA grades are independent factors influencing OS and DFS.
Computed tomography-guided cryoablation for adrenal metastases secondary to lung cancer
Authors: Zhang Wen-Long , Ruan Dong-Li , Sun Li-Jun , Wang Tao , Zhang Wei , Huang Ya-Yong 
Published: March 2023

Objectives:
The objective of the study was to assess the clinical efficacy of computed tomography (CT)-guided cryoablation as a means to treat adrenal metastasis (AM) secondary to lung cancer.

Materials and Methods:
This study was a single-center retrospective study that analyzed 39 consecutive patients with AM secondary to lung cancer who underwent CT-guided cryoablation in our center. The rates of complete ablation, local recurrence, local recurrence-free survival (RFS), and overall survival (OS) were analyzed.

Results:
The rates of primary and secondary complete ablation were 94.9% and 100%, respectively, and none of the patients suffered from a hypertensive crisis associated with the treatment. Over the follow-up period, 20.5% of the patients experienced local recurrence, and the median RFS duration was 26 months. The cumulative 1-, 3-, and 5-year local RFS rates in this study were 84.6%, 51.3%, and 5.9%, respectively. Extra-adrenal gland metastases were detected in five patients. Over the course of follow-up, 26 patients died. The mean OS duration was 34 months with cumulative 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates of 89.7%, 53.4%, and 8.3%, respectively. Advanced age (P = 0.001), primary adenocarcinoma (P = 0.006), other primary lung cancers (P = 0.038), and primary Stage III lung cancers (P = 0.007) were all found to be independent predictive factors of poor OS in these patients.

Conclusion:
CT-guided cryoablation can be safely and effectively used to control AM secondary to lung cancer, and patients with AM secondary to lung squamous cell carcinoma may be best suited for this form of treatment.
Meta-analysis of the efficacy of glycyrrhizin for postoperative liver preservation in patients with liver cancer
Authors: Li Yongqing , Hao Mingju , Zhang Bingyang , Wang Peijun , Zhang Dantong , Lu Sumei , Ma Wanshan 
Published: March 2023

Objective:
This meta-analysis comprehensively summarizes the current clinical research on compound glycyrrhizin (CG) treatment for liver cancer and protecting liver function to guide clinical treatment.

Methods:
Eighteen English-language articles were retrieved from PubMed, SinoMed, Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science, and three Chinese databases: The Wan Fang database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and the VIP database.

Results:
CG treatment improved the patient's alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level (in the metastatic liver cancer group: mean deviation (MD) = −13.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) = [−17.29, 10.27]; in the primary liver cancer group: MD = −32.15, 95% CI = [−35.48, 28.81]); aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level (in the primary liver cancer group: MD = −21.63, 95% CI = [−24.29, 18.96]; in the metastatic liver cancer group: MD = −15.64, 95% CI = [−19.08, −12.20]); serum total bilirubin (TBIL) level (MD = −1.61, 95% CI = [−2.71, −0.51]); and serum albumin (ALB) level (MD = 2.80, 95% CI = [1.85, 3.74]). CG treatment was efficient than the control (relative risk [RR] = 1.66, 95% CI = [1.35, 2.04]). Although adverse reactions, including fever, were higher than in the control group (RR = 1.13, 95% CI = [0.89, 1.43]), they were controllable.

Conclusion:
CG affects liver preservation in treating liver cancer, which can reduce ALT, AST, and TBIL levels in patients; increase the ALB level; and protect liver cells. The CG-treated group showed improvement compared with the control group; although adverse reactions occurred in the treated group, the duration was shortened.
Influencing factors related to transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma patients achieved tumor response
Authors: Shao Hongyan , Deng Juan , Xie Luping , Zheng Qiwen , Zou Bihui , Deng Jun , Zhang Tianqi , He Jingjing 
Published: March 2023

Objective:
To investigate the influencing factors of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) on patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) for tumor response (complete and partial response, CR + PR).

Methods:
This research conducted a retrospective study of the hospital charts of patients treated with TACE successfully renewed from October 2014 to December 2015 at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (Guangzhou, China). Univariate analysis (Chi-square test and repeated-measures ANOVA) selected nine influential tumor response factors from 22 core factors. The nine variables were included in a forward multiple logistic regression model predicting patients treated with TACE to achieve tumor response. Overall survival was calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method.

Results:
Data of 277 of 282 patients were included in the analysis. Nine variables were analyzed by univariate analysis and independently associated with tumor response (tumor capsule integrity, nausea and vomiting, microwave ablation, liver dysfunction, the absolute value of lymphocyte (LYM), alpha-fetoprotein, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT). By multivariate analysis, GGT (odds ratio [OR] =0.996), liver dysfunction (OR = 0.395), combined with microwave ablation (OR = 0.503), and tumor capsule integrity (OR = 1.894) were the significant predictors of the tumor response group compared with the standard deviation group (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
This study suggests that TACE combined with ablation on patients with complete tumor capsules may have a better prognosis in tumor response and OS; additionally, liver dysfunction and nausea and vomiting were the independent predictors of tumor response.
Validation of a Low-Cost, Portable Pure-Tone Audiometer
Authors: Mathai Jijo Pottakkal , Spandita H. L. 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
Around the world, there is an increasing demand for better hearing services. Access to hearing care involves the availability of accurate and calibrated audiometric apparatus. As audiometers are task-specific and expensive equipment, their portability is a common constraint. Hence, there is a need for developing low-cost, portable audiometers, so that the instrument can be quickly transported to remote regions and is conveniently accessible to multiple centers.

Aim:
The aim was to compare the air conduction (AC) and bone conduction (BC) thresholds obtained using newly developed Nautilus “KiVi” and a commercial, nonportable audiometer in both normal hearing and hearing-impaired individuals.

Methods:
The study included a total of 73 people, 52 having normal hearing sensitivity and 21 with hearing impairment.

Results:
It was found that among individuals with normal hearing except at 125 Hz, there was no significant difference in AC thresholds obtained using the Nautilus “KiVi” audiometer and a commercial, nonportable audiometer across frequencies. However, the BC thresholds obtained using the Nautilus “KiVi” audiometer was significantly better than that of a commercial, nonportable audiometer across frequencies. Among the individuals with hearing impairment, except at 8k Hz, there was no significant difference in AC thresholds obtained using the Nautilus “KiVi” audiometer and a commercial, nonportable audiometer.

Conclusion:
The Nautilus “KiVi”audiometers provide consistent results throughout a wide frequency range in those with normal hearing as well as with hearing impairment. The equipment is portable and easy to use. Hence, it can be used for diagnostic testing in schools, hospitals, remote villages, and industries.
Prevalence and Audiological Findings of Functional Hearing Loss
Authors: Mathai Jijo Pottakkal , Aravinda H. R. , Appu Sabarish , Urs Harshavardhan Raje 
Published: March 2023

Purpose
The purpose of the present study was to estimate the period prevalence of functional hearing loss and to describe the audiological findings of individuals having FHL.

Methods
Retrospective analysis of records of 1209 individuals who visited the institute for routine audiological evaluation was carried out. Among them, there were 115 individuals with FHL who were identified based on predetermined criteria. Information such as age, gender, socioeconomic status, and geographical area of the individuals with FHL was obtained retrospectively. In addition, findings of behavioral and objective audiological tests in these individuals were analyzed.

Results
to prevalence of FHL during the period of the study was found to be 9.5%. Demographical analysis suggests that 76 (66.1%) out of 115 individuals were males and 39 (33.9%) individuals were female. Analysis of geographical and socioeconomical data revealed a higher number of individuals were from rural areas (58.3%) and belong to a lower socioeconomic status (68.7%). The agreement between pure tone average and auditory brainstem response was found to be highly sensitive (93%) in identifying FHL. In contrast, the agreement between PTA with other tests such as speech reception thresholds (60%), Acoustic reflex threshold (62%), and otoacoustic emissions (45%) was found to be less sensitive.

Conclusion
A notable period prevalence suggests that practicing audiologists should be cautious while testing individuals with hearing impairments, especially adults. It is important for audiologists to carefully observe the individuals and also to perform a detailed audiological test battery using behavioral and objective measures.
Evaluation of cognitive function, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and Vitamin D binding protein levels in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Grover Shubhima , Jain Seema , Narang Shiva , Gupta Rachna , Garg Seema , Sharma Devesh 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Studies indicate that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients may have increased risk of developing cognitive dysfunction. The role of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and Vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) have been implicated in cognitive dysfunction in several diseases. However, their role in COPD patients in this domain has not been explored. This study was undertaken to evaluate correlation between serum 25(OH) D and VDBP levels with cognitive function in COPD patients.

Materials and Methods:
Forty-seven stable COPD patient and 33 healthy controls were recruited. Cognitive function was assessed for both the groups using the Hindi Mental State Examination (HMSE) cognitive test. Serum 25(OH) D and VDBP levels were estimated using commercially available ELISA kits.

Results:
COPD patients had significantly lower HMSE scores (25 vs. 29, P < 0.0001) as compared to the controls. Cognitive impairment was present in 25.53% (n = 12) of the COPD patients in comparison to none of the controls (P = 0.001). Serum 25(OH)D and VDBP levels did not differ significantly between the two groups. 65.96% of the COPD cases and 72.73% of the controls had Vitamin D deficiency. Serum biomarkers did not correlate with the HMSE scores. In multilinear regression model presence of COPD, lower education status and higher smoking index were found to be predictors of lower HMSE scores in the study participants.

Conclusion:
COPD patients were found to have lower HMSE scores than the controls. However, serum 25(OH) D or VDBP levels were not correlated with cognitive function in COPD patients. Further, cumulative exposure to tobacco smoke could be an independent risk factor for cognitive decline.
Breast Cancer in Relation to Gynecological Risk Factors Among Women in Southeast Nigeria
Authors: Ebubedike Uzoamaka Ruina , Nwammuo Brenda Chijioke I. , Umeh Eric Okechukwu , Nwosu Chinekwu Skye , Elendu Kelechi Collins , Umeokafor Chijioke Chukwuemeka 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease that is developed by mutual impact of genetic risk factors and environmental factors. Identification of these factors may enhance the ability to prevent the disease by permitting better-focused health education and other preventive strategies.

Objectives:
The objective of the study is to determine the association between breast cancer and gynecological risk factors.

Methodology:
One hundred and twenty consenting females who were referred from the Surgical Outpatient Department and underwent mammography in the Radiology Department of Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, from 2018 to 2020. Women who were 40 years and above as well as those below 40 years with positive family history of breast cancer presenting with palpable breast mass were included in the study.

Results:
The mean age was 47.36 ± 10.67 years and the most frequent age range was 41–50 years while the least frequency fell in the above 70 years of age group. Women with age of menarche at 11–13 years had higher association with breast cancer than those whose menarche occurred at later age. Those who attained menopause at a later age had higher association with breast cancer. Women whose age at first confinement was 25 years or less had higher association too. Further, higher incidence of breast cancer was recorded in women with parity >3.

Conclusion:
No significant statistical difference was found between these gynecological risk factors as well as body mass index and breast cancer.
Disulfiram-induced psychosis in covert use: A case series
Authors: Mahanta Debasish , Mohapatra Satyakam 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Disulfiram was the first medication approved by the FDA for alcohol dependence. Important adverse effects of disulfiram are hepatological, dermatological, neurological (polyneuritis, encephalopathy), and psychiatric. Psychiatric manifestations include confusion, loss of memory, psychosis, mania with psychotic symptoms. In India, it is very frequently used by general people covertly by mixing with food without doctors’ advice. These patients are highly susceptible to alcohol disulfiram reactions as well as adverse reactions associated with disulfiram. In this report, we are going to discuss 4 cases of psychosis induced by disulfiram when used covertly we came across in our clinical practice. All 4 cases had acute onset psychosis, with a temporal relationship of disulfiram use. No other causes of psychosis were found. Naranjo Casualty Scale ( adapted) was found to be 6 suggestive of probable ADR, providing strong evidence toward disulfiram-induced psychosis. All 4 patients recovered completely on withdrawal of disulfiram and conservative management without any antipsychotic. Disulfiram-induced psychosis should be differentiated from alcohol withdrawal delirium tremens and alcohol-induced psychosis, which may prevent unnecessary antipsychotic use. A lower dose should be considered in case of previous history or family history of psychosis. Psychiatrists and general practitioners in the community should discourage its covert use to avoid the incidence of disulfiram-induced psychosis as well as the severe alcohol disulfiram reaction.
Psychological symptoms related to COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown: A retrospective study from a tertiary care hospital in India
Authors: Mahanta Debasish , Bagh Niraj , Dash Sushant Kumar , Mohapatra Satyakam , Nayak Mihir Ranjan , Swain Sarada Prasanna 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown together agitated the mind of the people of the entire world to a great extent. Currently, most of the research focuses on the physical impact of the pandemic and its management, however, little is known about its psychological impact.

AIM:
This study aims to evaluate the psychological symptoms related to the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on the patients who attended to psychiatry outpatients unit over the initial 3 months of lockdown in India.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A retrospective study was conducted at the mental health institute, and an exploratory analysis was performed. From the record section, case sheets were taken out and manually screened for keywords related to the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown. The sociodemographic profile, psychiatric signs and symptoms, psychopathology, and final diagnosis were noted in a data sheet for the definitely related (DR) cases. The collected data from the case sheets were analyzed using descriptive statistics.

RESULTS:
Out of 6081 case sheets screened, 42 patients were DR to the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown. The common psychiatric symptoms were insomnia (78.60%), anxiety (57.10%), and sadness (52.40%), and common psychiatric diagnoses were depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, and adjustment disorder.

CONCLUSION:
In addition to physical effects, the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown together have a significant impact on the mental health of people. Besides handling the COVID-19 pandemic, it is also essential to provide psychological support to people at an earlier phase to prevent such mental health crises in the future.