bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Signaling of exercise stimuli: mitochondria as communicators
Authors: Burtscher Johannes 
Published: February 2023

Regular exercise exerts a number of beneficial systemic effects and is associated with better health and performance as well as with reduced vulnerability and mortality from many diseases. While the working muscles are immediately affected by physical and biochemical consequences of physical activity, it is less well understood, how exercise-stimuli can lead to benefits in distant tissues and organs. Various modes of inter-tissue communication are likely involved and include physical-activity related systemic temperature and metabolic changes but also circulating signaling molecules, sometimes refered to as “exerkines”.
We are particularly interested in a subgroup of these signaling molecules, namely those that are induced by mitochondrial stress and communicate such stimuli to remote organs, effecting mitochondrial changes there. This group of molecules is termed mitokines and includes peptides that are expressed in the nucleus, such as FGF21 and GDF15, and mitochondria-derived peptides, notably humanin. Mitokines are likely important contributors to beneficial exercise effects to organs such as the brain, heart or lung and therefore are involved in the well-acknowledged physical activity-induced protection from neurological, cardio-vascular diseases and pulmonary diseases.
The activation of mitokine-signaling requires mitochondrial stress, which in healthy organisms is usually met with the induction of adaptive mechanisms that bolster cellular resilience, for example by an improving the efficiency of anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory defense mechanisms. Such adaptations are thought to be protective factors in many diseases from which regular exercise can protect. Mitochondrial stress, however, can also be detrimental under certain conditions and especially, if the stress exceeds the adaptive capacities of the system (cell, tissue, organ or organism) or, if the resilience of the system is compromised, for example due to disease, fatigue or insufficient regeneration time from previous stressors. The concept of such bi-phasic responses is termed hormesis and means that mild stress is met by beneficial adaptations and protections but severe stress has long-term detrimental consequences.
The aim of this contribution is to present the evidence that mitochondrial stress due to exercising skeletal muscle leads to the release of mitokines, which in turn modulate mitochondrial quality control, dynamics, antioxidative capacities and respirational activity in a selection of target organs (with a focus on brain and lung). According to the hormetic principle, exercise improves the health of these organs. However, in some cases, mitochondrial communication may be involved in adverse effects of exercise, which will be discussed using the example of heart-kidney mitochondrial crosstalk.
Acute exercise impairs social-cognitive abilities in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Ludyga Sebastian , Bruggisser Fabienne , Leuenberger Rahel , Gerber Markus , Pühse Uwe , Mücke Manuel 
Published: February 2023

Background
While children with Autism Spectrum Disorder show heterogeneous cognitive profiles, they share common deficits in social-cognitive abilities and executive function. Moderate endurance exercise is known to elicit changes in the psychophysiological state, which can translate into immediate, but transient benefits for both cognitive domains. However, the cognitive response of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder to acute exercise remains unclear. We addressed this research deficit by investigating the effects of a single endurance exercise session on face recognition abilities and affective response inhibition.
Methods
We recruited 30 children with Autism Spectrum Disorder aged 7 to 12 years from local clinicals in Basel, Switzerland and via social media. Using a randomized cross-over design, participants completed a moderately-intense, 20-min exercise session on a cycling ergometer and control condition, which involved sitting on the ergometer. We collected heart rate and ratings of perceived exertion during these sessions. Before and after the experimental conditions, participants completed two computerized cognitive tasks. During the Mooney Face Recognition task, they had to categorize stimuli into faces and objects. In the affective Go/NoGo task, participants were instructed to inhibit their response to either sad or happy faces and press a button to all other faces.
Results
The experimental manipulation was successful as a main effect of condition indicated a higher heart rate and rating of perceived exertion in the exercise compared to the control condition. With regard to cognitive performance, the repeated measures ANOVA revealed an interaction of time and condition for the Mooney Face Recognition task, indicating an increase in reaction time in the exercise compared to the control condition. In contrast, no interaction of time and condition was found for accuracy on this task as well as accuracy and reaction time on the affective Go/NoGo task.
Conclusion
In children with Autism Spectrum Disorder, a single exercise does not seem to benefit social-cognitive abilities and executive function temporarily. A short cycling bout rather impairs the ability to recognize faces, suggesting that the maintenance of supervised exercise demands a set of joint resources. As these results are in conflict with the well-documented benefit of acute exercise in healthy populations, the atypical cognitive response in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder indicates a moderating role of this neurodevelopmental condition.
Mixed intervention effects and long-term changes in physical activity and cardiovascular outcomes among children at risk of cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Arnaiz Patricia , Seelig Harald , Gerber Markus , Adams Larissa , Degen Jan , Dolley Danielle , Joubert Nandi , Nienaber Madeleine , Nqweniso Siphesihle , Steinmann Peter , Utzinger Jürg , Du Randt Rosa , Walter Cheryl , Pühse Uwe , Müller Ivan 
Published: February 2023

Objective
Risk factors for chronic diseases such as insufficient physical activity (PA), overweight or hypertension are getting more predominant among children. While school-based interventions are promising preventive strategies, evidence of their long-term effectiveness, especially among vulnerable populations is scarce. KaziKidz is a physical education intervention that promotes healthy and active lifestyles among children from low-income communities. We aim at assessing the short- and long-term effects of KaziKidz on cardiovascular risk factors in high-risk children from disadvantaged communities.
Methods
The intervention was tested in a cluster-randomized controlled trial between January and October 2019 in eight primary schools in South Africa. Children with adverse cardiovascular profiles were defined as presenting at least one risk factor for (1) overweight, (2) elevated blood pressure, (3) glycaemia, and/or (4) cholesterolemia. After their identification, high-risk children were re-assessed 2-years post-intervention. Study outcomes include accelerometry-measured PA (MVPA), body-mass-index (BMI), mean arterial pressure (MAP), glucose (HbA1c), and lipid levels (TC/HDL). We conducted mixed regression analyses to assess intervention effects by cardiovascular risk profile, and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests to evaluate longitudinal changes in the high-risk subpopulation.
Results
A significant intervention effect on MVPA during school hours was found for physically inactive children (B: 1.71, 95% CI: 0.14 – 3.35, p-value: 0.008), and among active (B: 1.80, 95% CI: -0.22 – 3.82, p-value: 0.035) and inactive (B: 2.03, 95% CI: 0.58 – 3.42, p-value: < 0.001) girls. In contrast, the intervention lowered HbA1c (B: -0.26, 95% CI: -0.52 – -0.01, p-value: 0.037) and TC/HDL (B: -0.11, 95% CI: 0.18 – -0.05, p-value: 0.002) only in children with normal glucose or lipid values, respectively. The intervention effects were not maintained in at-risk children at follow-up. A decline was observed in MVPA from 53.29 to 41.90 min/day (z = -1.95, p = 0.05, r = 0.26), and an increase in BMI-for-age (z = -0.34, p = 0.737, r = 0.03), MAP (z = -5.18, p < 0.001, r = 0.42), HbA1c (z = -1.63, p = 0.104, r = 0.25) and TC/HDL (z = -1.61, p = 0.11, r = 0.21).
Conclusion
We conclude that schools are key settings to promote PA and improve health; however, because the intervention effects were not maintained in children at risk of NCDs, structural changes that ensure effective interventions reach disadvantaged populations are necessary to achieve sustainable impact.
Social cost benefit analysis of Sultanpur National park, Haryana
Authors: Khoiyangbam R. S. , Kumar Vinit , Arya Sandeep 
Published: February 2023

This paper deals with the estimation of the social benefits accuring from the Sultanpur National Park, Haryana. Sultanpur National Park is an important wetland located about 50 km away from Delhi. Both foreign and domestic visitors arrive at the Park for bird watching and recreational purpose. Economic valuation of the Park was done by ascertaining the Willingness to Pay of the visitors by asking questions to them. The results obtained indicated that the social benefits accuring from the Park are far in excess of the maintenance cost of the Park even though the direct benefits to the Park are quite less. It can be said that the society values the Park highly as a place for recreation and as environmental resource.
Whether optimum pollen germination and tube length attained in the same growth medium (sucrose + 2,4-D) by five cultivars of the Apocynaceae : Further Evidence of a Criticism of Banerji and Gangulee (1937), Brewbaker and Kwack’s (1963), Sudhakaran (1967-
Authors: Salgare S. A. 
Published: February 2023

All the different concentrations of simazine tried suppressed the germination of pollen of F-72 series of pink-flowered cultivar of Catharanthus roseus. The widest range of concentrations of 2,4-D were proved to be 10-17- 40 and 10-17-100 mg/ ml which stimulated the pollen germination and tube growth respectively of successive flowers of the Apocynaceae. Tube length in vitro is 9.54% in F-48 series of pink-flowered cultivar of C. roseus of the tube length found in vivo is the longest of all the cultivars investigated of Apocynaceae
Bioremediation using artificial constructed wetland in combination with efficient microbial cultures
Authors: Sharma N. , Manhas P.S. , Joshi P. K. , Navneet  
Published: February 2023

The paper highlights the use of constructed wetland in combination with effective microbial cultures (Bacterial and fungal) for the removal of BOD, COD and faecal coliform from untreated sewage water of STP2 of Karnal city (India). The constructed wetland consists of iron drums of 220-litre capacity with 60 litres of average loading rate having 85-cm length and filled with 35-cm coarse sand, 10-cm pebbles of 2-5 mm diameter, 35 cm gravel from top to bottom, was installed at CSSRI, Karnal in the state of Haryana. Drums in triplicate were planted with Phragmite and inoculated with bacterial cultures SWB1 (Alcaligenes cupidus, MTCC 6850), SWB19 (Enterobacter intermedius, MTCC 6849) and fungal culture SWF1 (Aspergillus flavus, MTCC 6589) added at an interval of one month having 1 litre of culture broth and control without inoculation. Other treatments comprised of: no plantation, Eichhornia and Typha both uninoculated. Constructed wetland was found to be influenced by season, retention time and inoculated microorganisms.Inoculated Phragmites showed better BOD, COD and faecal coliform reduction as compared to uninoculated Phragmites because of higher biomass buildup. The system being easy to operate and low cost, can provide an economical viable solution for wastewater management.
Morphological details of new irregular Echinoid fossil from Zirabad, India
Authors: Sharma Ashok , Sharma V. K. , Parwar Rita , Joshi Narendra , Prakash M.M. , Nirmala M. , Verma Vishal 
Published: February 2023

Echinoids offer a unique opportunity to investigate the evolution. Our efforts of exploring extensively the fauna of Zirabad (Lat. 22024’30” : Long. 75004’30”) has yielded some of the new irregular Echinoid fossils not cited before from this area. The present paper documents detailed morphology of one such well preserved sample of Nucleopygus sp from the nodular lime stone formation exposed at Zirabad near Manawar, Dhar district of Madhya Pradesh, India. The investigation enhances our knowledge on irregular Echinoids from bagh group.
Impact Of River Flow Regulation On The Planktonic Population In Ganga River At Rishikesh (Uttaranchal)
Authors: Negi K.S. , Malik D. S. , Bharti P. K. 
Published: February 2023

Biological monitoring is an essential element to assess the environmental health of aquatic biotopes. Any stress imposed in aquatic ecosystem manifests its impact on the inhabitant communities and result in restructuring the present biotic components. The present study is an effort to assess the impact of damming of river water on the physico-chemical characteristics and their relations to planktonic population of Ganga river. Results indicated remarkable changes in some physico-chemical factors in upstream and downstream of Ganga river at Pashulok barrage. Rich planktonic concentration were observed as 1273.67 ± 598.124 and 1184.25 ± 588.724 units/l in the upstream and downstream section respectively. Phytoplankton always dominated (88.4 to 91.7%) over zooplankton and mainly constituted by Bacillariophyceae (65.07-78.95%) followed by Chlorophyceae (25.34-17.14%) in Ganga river.
Yellow Colour in English and Russian Fairy-Tale Discourse: Semantics and Functioning
Authors: Левицкий А.Э. , Никульшина Т.Н. 
Published: February 2023

В статье выявляются семантические и лингвокультурные особенности желтого цвета в английском и русском сказочных дискурсах. Составлен корпус эмпирического материала и осуществлена его семантическая классификация; определены изоморфные и алломорфные особенности желтого цвета в дискурсе английских и русских сказок. Для комплексного и системного исследования использованы методы: описательный, словарных дефиниций, сопоставительный, а также методы компонентного, лингвокультурологического, этимологического, семантического и количественного анализа. Предложенные методы исследования позволяют системно описать анализируемый материал и вносят вклад в разработку методики реконструкции цветового фрагмента сказочной картины мира. Желтый цвет употребляется для объективации тематических блоков природа, человек и сверхъестественное. Выделенные блоки не совпадают в двух языках, разница заключается в особенностях их внутренней тематической классификации, количественном наполнении и специфике функционирования в английском и русском сказочных дискурсах.
The article deals with the identification of semantic and linguocultural features of yellow colour in English and Russian fairy tale discourses. The novelty of the paper lies within the contrastive analysis of the verbalization of yellow designations viewed through ethnic and cultural traditions of the English and the Russians. The authors compiled the empirical material and classified it on the semantic ground; as well as determined general and specific features of yellow in the discourse of English and Russian fairy tales. Such methods as descriptive, componential analysis, dictionary definitions, linguocultural, semantic analysis, the contrastive and quantitative analysis prove their efficiency for providing a study of yellow color designations. The proposed research methods describe the material analyzed and contribute to the development of a technique for reconstructing colour notion in English and Russian fairy-tale disourse. The colour designation objectifies the natural, human and supernatural topical domains. The above domains do not coincide in two languages: the difference lies in the specificities of their internal thematic classification, quantitative aspect and functioning in English and Russian. The role of yellow designations is more diverse and representative in the English fairy tale discourse if compared with the Russian one to reveal the national traditions of these peoples.
Means of Rendering Deontic Modality in Russian-to-English Translation: Case Study of Literary Works by Authors of Russian North
Authors: Дорофеева М.В. 
Published: February 2023

В статье анализируются способы перевода деонтических высказываний из произведений В. В. Личутина и Ф. А. Абрамова на английский язык, представленные в ряде переводных изданий 1970–1990-х годов. К деонтическим высказываниям в данных произведениях относятся высказывания-императивы, включающие глаголы в повелительном наклонении, а также структуры, в которых деонтическую семантику несет предикат в форме наречия, краткого прилагательного или глагола. Наблюдения, сделанные в ходе исследования, позволяют сделать вывод о том, что, несмотря на существование определенных закономерностей и устойчивых соответствий в лексико-грамматических средствах выражения деонтической модальности в русском и английском языках, на выбор способов передачи деонтической модальности высказывания при переводе художественного произведения влияет знание переводчиком сюжета произведения и его полного текста, позволяющее интерпретировать то или иное высказывание в сторону большей или меньшей степени интенсивности деонтичности, ее нейтрализации или смены деонтического источника.
This article analyzes cases of translation of deontic utterances from the literary works of V. V. Lichutin and F. A. Abramov into English as presented in various publications of the 1970–1990 time period. These deontic utterances are represented by imperative utterances formed by the means of using verbs in imperative mood and those where deontic meaning is provided by the predicate in a form of an adverb, short adjective or a verb. Observations made during the study of the original and translated texts allow for a conclusion that, although there are certain consistent patterns and concordances in the lexical and grammatical means of expressing deontic modality in Russian and English languages, the translator’s choice for rendering a particular deontic meaning of an utterance within the context of a literary work is also affected by the knowledge of the whole plot of a fictional story, which allows them to interpret an utterance in the direction of strengthening,weakening or neutralizing its deontic meaning or changing its deontic source.
La valoración de logros mediante la evaluación formativa en la educación de adultos
Authors: Ruiz Amón Rocío Aracely 
Published: February 2023

La investigación realizada acerca de la aplicación de la evaluación formativa para la valoración de logros en la educación de adultos en un colegio de Guayaquil - Ecuador, permitió evidenciar que, pese a ser un tema de vital importancia en la sociedad, recién en estos últimos años hay varios escritos que ratifican la necesidad de incluir la evaluación formativa en la gestión docente, direccionada a que este proceso contribuya a valorar y evaluar de forma significativa el proceso de aprendizaje en las personas adultas; este trabajo está sustentado teóricamente, en conceptos que permiten clarificar que existe una distancia significativa entre la educación de niños, adolescentes y adultos. La metodología ha sido desarrollada desde un enfoque cuantitativo; es una investigación propositiva - proyectiva, con un diseño descriptivo, en el cual se utilizó la técnica de la encuesta con la aplicación del cuestionario, el mismo que tiene la validación de expertos, constituido por 24 items cuyas interrogantes fueron sencillas, directas y claras, para su valoración se utilizó la escala de Likert, que permitió realizar el recojo de información de los 58 participantes que fue la población total, donde se aplicó la muestra censal porque era una cantidad que se podía manejar; asimismo, el análisis y la síntesis han permitido dar respuestas a las interrogantes planteadas.
The Origin of the Nuclear Star-forming Ring in NGC 3182
Authors: Pak Mina , Lee Joon Hyeop , Jeong Hyunjin , Jeong Woong-Seob 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We investigate the stellar and ionized gas kinematics, and stellar populations of NGC 3182 galaxy using integral field spectrograph data from the Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area survey. We try to clarify the nature of the ring structure in NGC 3182. We find a negative stellar age gradient out to the ring, while [α/Fe] considerably enhanced in the ring. The stellar metallicity shows a smooth negative gradient. From the line-ratio diagnostic diagrams, we confirm that NGC 3182 is a Seyfert galaxy from emission-line flux ratio, while the gas in the inner ring is ionized mostly by young stars. However, any obvious feature of outflows is not found in its gas kinematics. In the ring, star formation seems to have recently occurred and the gas metallicity is slightly enhanced compared to the center. From our results, we conclude that star formation has occurred in the circumnuclear region within a short period and this may result from a positive feedback by active galactic nucleus radiation pressure.
On the Application of Bayesian Leave-one-out Cross-validation to Exoplanet Atmospheric Analysis
Authors: Welbanks Luis , McGill Peter , Line Michael , Madhusudhan Nikku 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Over the last decade exoplanetary transmission spectra have yielded an unprecedented understanding about the physical and chemical nature of planets outside our solar system. Physical and chemical knowledge is mainly extracted via fitting competing models to spectroscopic data, based on some goodness-of-fit metric. However, current employed metrics shed little light on how exactly a given model is failing at the individual data point level and where it could be improved. As the quality of our data and complexity of our models increases, there is a need to better understand which observations are driving our model interpretations. Here we present the application of Bayesian leave-one-out cross-validation to assess the performance of exoplanet atmospheric models and compute the expected log pointwise predictive density (elpdLOO). elpdLOO estimates the out-of-sample predictive accuracy of an atmospheric model at data-point resolution, providing interpretable model criticism. We introduce and demonstrate this method on synthetic Hubble Space Telescope transmission spectra of a hot Jupiter. We apply elpdLOO to interpret current observations of HAT-P-41 b and assess the reliability of recent inferences of H− in its atmosphere. We find that previous detections of H− are dependent solely on a single data point. This new metric for exoplanetary retrievals complements and expands our repertoire of tools to better understand the limits of our models and data. elpdLOO provides the means to interrogate models at the single-data-point level, which will help in robustly interpreting the imminent wealth of spectroscopic information coming from JWST.