bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Untargeted metabolomics reveals hepatic metabolic disorder in the BTBR mouse model of autism and the significant role of liver in autism
Authors: Cao Can , Wang Dan , Zou Mingyang , Sun Caihong , Wu Lijie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, and the etiology is unknown. Metabolic dysfunction is present in patients with ASD. In the current study, untargeted metabolomics was employed to screen the differential metabolites in the liver of BTBR mouse model of autism, and MetaboAnalyst 4.0 was used for metabolic pathway analysis. Mice were killed, and liver samples were collected for untargeted metabolomics analysis and examination of histopathology. Finally, 12 differential metabolites were identified. The intensities of phenylethylamine, 4‐Guanidinobutanoic acid, leukotrieneD4, and SM(d18:1/24:1(15Z)) were significantly upregulated (p < .01), and the intensities of estradiol, CMP‐N‐glycoloylneuraminate, retinoyl β‐glucuronide,4‐phosphopantothenoylcysteine, aldophosphamide, taurochenodesoxycholic acid, taurocholic acid, and dephospho‐CoA were significantly downregulated (p < .01) in the BTBR group compared with C57 control group, indicating that differences between BTBR and C57 groups were observed in metabolic patterns. Disturbed pathways of the BTBR mice involved lipid metabolism, retinol metabolism, and amino acid and energy metabolism, revealing that bile acid‐mediated activation of LXRα might contribute to metabolic dysfunction of lipid and leukotriene D4 produced by the activation of 5‐LOX led to hepatic inflammation. Pathological changes in the liver tissue, such as hepatocyte vacuolization, and small amounts of inflammatory and cell necrosis, further supported metabolomic results. Moreover, Spearman's rank correlation revealed that there is a strong relationship between metabolites across liver and cortex, suggesting liver may exert action by connecting peripheral and neural systems. These findings were likely to be of pathological importance or a cause/consequence of autism, and may provide insight into key metabolic dysfunction to target potential therapeutic strategies relating to ASD.
Becker muscular dystrophy and successful intervention with mechanical thrombectomy of right atrial clot‐in‐transit with pulmonary embolism
Authors: Haque Mahfujul Z. , Akbar Taha , Saleem Abdulmalik , Husain Mashkur 
Published: May 2023

Key Clinical MessageThis case report discusses the effectiveness of the Inari FlowTriever system in treating a right atrial (RA) clot in‐transit in a 55‐year‐old male patient with Becker's muscular dystrophy (BMD). BMD is an X‐linked recessive muscle disease caused by mutations in the gene that code for the protein dystrophin, which is associated with partially functional dystrophin in variable amounts. Right heart thrombi (RHT) are thrombi that can be visualized in the right atrium, right ventricle, or proximal surrounding vasculature. The Inari FlowTriever system was used to treat RA clot in‐transit and removed acute, subacute, and chronic clot in a single session without the use of thrombolytics and subsequent ICU stay. The estimated blood loss with the FlowSaver system was approximately 150 mL. This report complements the FLARE study by highlighting the effectiveness of the FlowTriever system for mechanical thrombectomy of RA clot‐in‐transit in a patient with BMD.
Highly Efficient Synthesis of High‐Value Olefins from Syngas over Layered Fe‐Mn/Magadiite Catalyst
Authors: Xue Shujie , Song Wenlong , Wang Kangzhou , Zhu Rui , Zhang Xingjun , Yang Xiaojiao , Bae Jong Wook , Gao Xinhua , Ma Qingxiang , Zhang Jianli , Zhao Tiansheng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe simultaneous realization of high olefin/paraffin (O/P) ratio and low CH4 selectivity has always been a bottleneck for the conversion of syngas to high‐value olefins (HVOs). Magadiite (MAG) is a layered silicate material with active SiOH, which increases the interlayer charge density and ion‐exchange ability. Herein, a MAG‐supported, Mn‐modified Fe3O4 microsphere catalyst exhibits excellent CO conversion of 76.5 % and HVO selectivity, with a high O/P ratio of 5.02 and low CH4 selectivity of 16.1 % for conversion of syngas to HVOs. The layered structure of the MAG support promotes dispersion of the active centers and the Mn promoter improves the basic properties of the catalyst. Moreover, the Mn promoter and MAG support have a synergistic effect, which promotes CO dissociation and suppresses H2 adsorption, thereby resulting in high HVO selectivity and low CH4 selectivity.
CFD‐DEM Modeling of Shaft Furnaces Using the Volume Fraction Smoother Approach
Authors: Spijker Christoph , Pollhammer Werner , Raupenstrauch Harald 
Published: May 2023

AbstractShaft furnaces are widely used in high‐temperature processes for granular materials due to their high energy efficiency. The modeling of these furnaces is challenging because of large domains and long process times. Small geometric details like the natural gas burner nozzles demand a fine grid on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) side, resulting in a grid size smaller than the particle size. Resolving a discrete element particle over several cells is computationally expensive. Interpolation methods on non‐structured grids are complex. In order to provide a fast and simple solution, the volume fraction smoother was developed, and to shorten the calculation time, the time scale splitting method, which separates the time steps for CFD and the discrete‐element method (DEM), was introduced.
Through‐Space, Lone‐Pair Promoted Aromatic Substitution: A Relay Mechanism Can Beat Out Direct Activation
Authors: Kazim Muhammad , Feng Zhitao , Vemulapalli Srini , Siegler Maxime A. , Chopra Anant , Minh Nguyen Phuong , Gargiulo Holl Maxwell , Guan Liangyu , Dudding Travis , Tantillo Dean J. , Lectka Thomas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe report a detailed experimental and theoretical analysis of through‐space arene activation with halogens, tetrazoles and achiral esters and amides. Contrary to previously assumed direct activation through σ‐complex stabilization, our results suggest that these reactions proceed by a relay mechanism wherein the lone pair‐containing activators form exothermic π‐complexes with electrophilic nitronium ion before transferring it to the probe ring through low barrier transition states. Noncovalent interactions (NCI) plots and Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) analyses depict favorable interactions between the Lewis base (LB) and the nitronium ion in the precomplexes and the transition states, suggesting directing group participation throughout the mechanism. The regioselectivity of substitution also comports with a relay mechanism. In all, these data pave the way for an alternate platform of electrophilic aromatic substitution (EAS) reactions.
Production Scheduling Using Deep Reinforcement Learning and Discrete Event Simulation
Authors: Hubert Stefan , Meintschel Jonas , Bleidorn Dominik , Ortmanns Yak , Wallrath Roderich 
Published: May 2023

AbstractScheduling in the process industry is a highly demanding task. Having access to optimal production schedules at short notice, for instance, after spontaneous changes, offers numerous advantages in terms of robustness, economics, and ultimately customer satisfaction, as delays are minimized. In this work, we describe our initial efforts to apply and evaluate deep reinforcement learning (DRL) for optimized scheduling in a typical fill‐and‐finish batch production plant in the chemical industry. Our pilot study demonstrates how DRL can be implemented using an approach based on discrete event simulation. We discuss the results and benefits of DRL, compare it to mathematical programming approaches, and outline a potential path forward. Our study suggests that the application of DRL in the chemical industry is a promising research direction and that DRL can complement established methods such as process simulation and mathematical programming.
The efficacy of using psychotherapy treatments for obsessive–compulsive disorder on minimizing suicidal thoughts and behaviours: A scoping review
Authors: Abu Sabra Mohammad A. , Al Kalaldeh Mahmoud , Khalil Malek , Abualruz Hasan , Hamdan‐Mansour Ayman M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundSuicidal thoughts and behaviours (STBs) are significant public health challenges that affect a variety of individuals and communities. Despite numerous efforts to discover and refine psychotherapy treatments to minimize STBs, the efficacy of STB treatments remains unclear.ObjectiveConduct a scoping review to assess the efficacy of using psychotherapy treatments to minimize STBs among individuals with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD).MethodA scoping review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines (PRISMA‐ScR) to screen 163 studies published between 2010 and 2021.ResultsA total of seven articles that fulfil the eligibility criteria reported that psychotherapy treatments for obsessive–compulsive disorder were found to be effective and applicable approaches to minimize the severity of the OCD symptoms and STBs, despite variance in studies' target samples, types of interventions, periods and indicators.ConclusionThe current review has provided evidence showing the significant effects of psychotherapy treatments on various health‐related aspects of life for individuals diagnosed with obsessive–compulsive disorder, and it is recommended to use them for enhancing treatment outcomes and minimizing STBs.Implication for PracticeThis scoping review verifies the formalization and incorporation of psychotherapy treatments for OCD to minimize STBs into standard practice and highlights the importance of mental health professionals being part of the implementation of these treatments.
Synthesis of Dinucleotide Non‐Symmetrical Triester Phosphate Phosphoramidites and Their Incorporation Within Oligonucleotides
Authors: Desaulniers Jean‐Paul , Tsubaki Kouta , Hammill Matthew L. , Kitamura Mitsuru , Okauchi Tatsuo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this protocol article, the synthesis of dinucleotide non‐symmetrical triester phosphate phosphoramidites will be highlighted. Specifically, we use a selective transesterification starting with tris(2,2,2‐trifluoroethyl) phosphate to afford a dinucleotide derivative phosphate ester. Substitution of the final trifluoroethyl group with various alcohols affords a dinucleotide triester phosphate with a hydrophobic group, which can then be deprotected and converted to a phosphoramidite for incorporation within oligonucleotides. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Synthesis of a DMT‐ and TBS‐protected unsymmetrical dinucleotideBasic Protocol 2: Synthesis of a DMT‐protected unsymmetrical dinucleotide phosphotriester monoalcoholsBasic Protocol 3: Synthesis of DMT‐protected phenylethyl phosphotriester dinucleotide phosphoramiditesBasic Protocol 4: Synthesis, purification, and characterization of RNAs containing triester phosphate modifications
Synthesis of 3,3’‐(Ethane‐1,2‐diylidene)bis(indolin‐2‐one) Promoted by Thermally‐activated Electron Transfer and Photoreduction of CO2 to CH4 and CO
Authors: Chen Yen‐Yu , Lai Yu‐Ying 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA Sonogashira coupling reaction leads to the formation of a serendipitous product C with the 3,3’‐(ethane‐1,2‐diylidene)bis(indolin‐2‐one) unit. To our knowledge, our study provides the first example demonstrating that electron transfer between isoindigo and triethylamine can be thermally activated and can be employed in synthesis. The physical properties of C suggest that it possesses decent photo‐induced electron‐transfer capabilities. Under the illumination of 136 mW cm−2 intensity, C yields ≈2.4 mmol gcat−1 (per gram of catalyst) of CH4 and ≈0.5 mmol gcat−1 of CO in 20 h in the absence of additional metal, co‐catalyst, and amine sacrificial agent. The primary kinetic isotope effect suggests that the bond cleavage of water is a rate‐determining step in the reduction. Moreover, the CH4 and CO production can be boosted as the illuminance increases. This study demonstrates that organic donor‐acceptor conjugated molecules are potential photocatalysts for CO2 reduction.
A novel gain‐boosting structure with Z‐embedding and parallel pre‐embedding network for amplifiers at near‐fmax frequencies
Authors: He Fei , Xie Qian , Wang Zheng 
Published: May 2023

SummaryIn this paper, a novel gain‐boosting structure with Z‐embedding and parallel pre‐embedding network (Z/pre‐Y‐embedding) is proposed to improve the power gain of amplifier at near‐fmax frequencies. Gain‐plane approach has been adopted to study the proposed Z/pre‐Y‐embedding technique. Analytical formula has been derived to calculate the required embedding elements to achieve the upper limit of the maximum available gain. The proposed technique exhibits an attractive advantage that it can absorb the external parasitics of the transistor into the Z/pre‐Y‐embedding network. Based on the proposed gain‐boosting structure, a three‐stage amplifier is designed in a 130 nm SiGe process to verify the power gain improvement. It exhibits a power gain of 21.1 dB at 230 GHz, which is 11.1 dB higher than the three‐stage amplifier without any gain‐boosting technique.
A new generalized floor function based high switching frequency modulation and control technique: Multilevel inverters
Authors: Bhanuchandar Aratipamula , Murthy Bhagwan K. 
Published: May 2023

SummaryA new generalized floor function (F2) based single carrier pulse width modulation (F2SC‐PWM) technique has been proposed in this paper by considering a single‐phase 9‐level T‐type packed U‐cell (PUC) inverter topology. In literature, the conventional level‐shifted PWM technique requires (level‐1) carriers, and the unipolar phase disposition (UPD) PWM technique requires (level‐1)/2 carriers to produce a particular level of output. To reduce the complexity of control, the authors have developed single‐carrier‐based PWM techniques. However, these are not generalized in a simple manner and are especially applicable only to particular inverter topologies. In this paper, a new F2SC‐PWM technique with a single modulating signal has been introduced that is applicable to any multilevel inverter (MLI) topology. This technique is very simple to implement, and it does not internally require any large number of mathematical operations and if‐else loops. Finally, a laboratory prototype has been used to verify the operation of the 9L‐TPUC topology considering R and RL loads with respect to step change of load, step change of modulation index (MI), and step change of modulation frequecy (MF) via with new proposed control technique (PCT).
OMIP‐93: A 41‐color high parameter panel to characterize various co‐inhibitory molecules and their ligands in the lymphoid and myeloid compartment in mice
Authors: Brandi Johannes , Wiethe Carsten , Riehn Mathias , Jacobs Thomas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis 41‐color panel has been designed to characterize both the lymphoid and the myeloid compartments in mice. The number of immune cells isolated from organs is often low, whilst an increasing number of factors need to be analyzed to gain a deeper understanding of the complexity of an immune response. With a focus on T cells, their activation and differentiation status, as well as their expression of several co‐inhibitory and effector molecules, this panel also allows the analysis of ligands to these co‐inhibitory molecules on antigen‐presenting cells. This panel enables deep phenotypic characterization of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, regulatory T cells, γδ T cells, NK T cells, B cells, NK cells, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and neutrophils. Whilst previous panels have focused on these topics individually, this is the first panel to enable simultaneous analysis of these compartments, thus enabling a comprehensive analysis with a limited number of immune cells/sample size. This panel is designed to analyze and compare the immune response in different mouse models of infectious diseases, but can also be extended to other disease models, for example tumors or autoimmune diseases. Here, we apply this panel to C57BL/6 mice infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA, a mouse model of cerebral malaria.
Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of active Charcot neuro‐osteoarthropathy in persons with diabetes mellitus (IWGDF 2023)
Authors: Wukich Dane K. , Schaper Nicolaas C. , Gooday Catherine , Bal Arun , Bem Robert , Chhabra Avneesh , Hastings Mary , Holmes Crystal , Petrova Nina L. , Santini Araujo Maria Gala , Senneville Eric , Raspovic Katherine M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) has published evidence‐based guidelines on the prevention and management of diabetic foot disease since 1999. This is the first guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of active Charcot neuro‐osteoarthropathy in persons with diabetes published by the IWGDF. We followed the GRADE Methodology to devise clinical questions in the PACO (Population, Assessment, Comparison, Outcome) and PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) format, conducted a systematic review of the medical literature, and developed recommendations with the rationale. The recommendations are based on the evidence from our systematic review, expert opinion when evidence was not available, and also taking into account weighing of the benefits and harms, patient preferences, feasibility and applicability, and costs related to an intervention. We here present the 2023 Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of active Charcot neuro‐osteoarthropathy in persons with diabetes mellitus and also suggest key future topics of research.
Chemodosimetric Mechanistic Insight through Trapping Intermediate for Selective Detection of Picric Acid in Aqueous Medium by a Dinuclear CdII Complex
Authors: Pramanik Abhishek , Majumder Samit , Das Rampada , Mohanta Sasankasekhar 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA fluorescent dinuclear cadmium(II) based discrete metal complex of composition [CdII2L(μ‐Cl)Cl2](1) is used {HL=2,6‐bis[2‐(methylamino)ethyliminomethyl]‐4‐Ethylphenol} for the specific recognition of 2,4,6‐trinitrophenol (picric acid; PA) via fluorescence quenching phenomenon among various nitroaromatic compounds through a chemodosimetric approach. It has been established that 1 is a chemodosimeter in pure water. We have successfully been able to isolate three compounds: chemodosimeter 1; an intermediate complex 2 of composition [CdII(LH2)Cl2](Picrate) and final association complex 3 of composition [NH3(CH2CH2)NH2CH3](Picrate)2. Compounds have been characterised by CHN elemental analyses, single crystal X‐ray crystallography, PXRD, NMR and FTIR. Selective interaction of 1 with PA was evaluated by fluorescence, UV‐Vis and life time measurements. Fluorescence quenching of 1 occurs definitely due to the formation of compound 3 via intermediate 2 involving partial decomplexation, hydrolysis and proton transfer phenomena in solution during the course of sensing. The quenching constant (Ksv), association constant (Ka) and detection limit (LOD) of the complex 1 for picric acid are ∼1.55×105 M−1, ∼1.8×1010 M−2 and ∼0.47 μM (0.108 ppm), respectively. Mechanism of sensing is proposed and the very rare case of isolation and characterization of intermediate in picric acid sensing is discussed.
Self‐organizing systems in the construction industry
Authors: Lohmann Jessica , Kölzer Thomas , Schaan Gunnar , Schmidt‐Döhl Frank 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSelf‐organization is found in numerous natural and artificial systems. For the construction industry, self‐organizing processes are not only applicable in managing or organizing tasks, they also provide insight into materials or can be implemented into operations on building sites. In this paper, the terms feedback, agents, emergence and self‐organization are described to provide an insight into the complex processes relevant to a lot of fields in the construction industry. For this, the principles of adaptive processes are transferred to artificial systems. Besides self‐organization in building materials, an outlook is given to describe construction sites as cyber‐physical systems. Inside such systems, agents learn to organize work tasks more efficiently, particularly with the help of reinforcement learning. In this regard, a transfer of natural self‐organization—which also exist in materials—to building processes is made. A combination of natural and artificial systems is presented to promote self‐organization for various fields of application in the construction industry, especially for building sites.
Ice‐stream shutdown during deglaciation: Evidence from crevasse‐squeeze ridges of the Iceland Ice Sheet
Authors: Aradóttir Nína , Benediktsson Ívar Örn , Ingólfsson Ólafur , Brynjólfsson Skafti , Farnsworth Wesley R. , Benjamínsdóttir Margrét Mjöll , Ríkharðsdóttir Lena Björg 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBoth modern and palaeo‐ice streams experience shutdown, which has critical implications for their mass balance and influence on relative sea level. Reconstructions of palaeo‐ice streams have mainly focused on their phase of active flow and thus less is understood of their shutdown and style of deglaciation. Mapping of streamlined subglacial bedforms (SSBs), including drumlins and mega‐scale glacial lineations, in northeast Iceland reveals cross‐cutting flow‐sets of palaeo‐ice streams within the Iceland Ice Sheet (IIS) during and following the last glacial maximum (LGM). Here we map geometrical ridges (linear and reticular) within the Bakkaflói and Þistilfjörður flow‐sets and combine the morphological data with sedimentological analyses to increase our understanding of the dynamics of the IIS during deglaciation in northeast Iceland. We interpret the ridges as crevasse‐squeeze ridges (CSRs), based on their interconnected network, primary orientation transverse and/or oblique to former ice flow and internal composition of homogenous subglacial till. In both areas, the CSRs are superimposed on the SSBs, indicating that they post‐date the SSBs and signify the waning stage of ice streaming associated with the readvance of the IIS during the Younger Dryas period. The preservation of the CSRs suggests ice stagnation following the readvance and ice‐stream shutdown. The morphological difference of the CSRs between the flow‐sets is taken to indicate different kinematic setting within the ice streams; the linear CSRs in Bakkaflói formed further upstream where extensional forces parallel to ice flow were dominant, whereas the reticular CSRs in Þistilfjörður are more indicative of transverse and longitudinal forces near the terminal zone. Future research reconstructing past ice‐sheet behaviour and ice‐stream dynamics would benefit from high‐resolution bathymetric data from the adjoining shelf as well as enhanced geochronological constraints.