bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A CRISPR/Cas12a-Mediated Sensitive DNA Detection System for Gene-Edited Rice
Authors: Wang Zhi , Huang Chunmeng , Wei Shuang , Zhu Pengyu , Li Yiming , Fu Wei , Zhang Yongjiang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
In recent years, genome editing technology represented by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/CRISPR-associated nuclease 9 （CRISPR/Cas9） has been developed and applied in transgenic research and development, and transgenic products have been developed for a variety of applications. Gene editing products, unlike traditional genetically modified crops, which are generally obtained by target gene deletion, insertion, base mutation, etc., may not differ significantly at the gene level from conventional crops, which increases the complexity of testing.

Objective
We established a specific and sensitive CRISPR/Cas12a-mediated gene editing system to detect target fragments in a variety of transgenic rice lines and commercial rice-based processing products.

Methods
In this study, the CRISPR/Cas12a visible detection system was optimized for the visualization of nucleic acid detection in gene-edited rice. The fluorescence signals were detected by both gel electrophoresis and fluorescence-based methods.

Results
The detection limit of the CRISPR/Cas12a detection system established in this study was more precise, especially for low-concentration samples. In addition to achieving single-base detection in gene-edited rice, we showed that different base mutations in the target sequence have different detection efficiencies by sitewise variant compact analysis. The CRISPR/Cas12a system was verified via a common transgenic rice strain and commercial rice sources. The results proved that the detection method could not only be tested in samples with multiple mutation types but could also effectively detect target fragments in commercial rice products.

Conclusion
We have developed a set of efficient detection methods with CRISPR/Cas12a for gene-edited rice detection to provide a new technical basis for rapid field detection of gene-edited rice.

Highlights
The CRISPR/Cas12a-mediated visual detection method used to detect gene-edited rice was evaluated for its specificity, sensitivity, and robustness.
Adventive Population ofTrissolcus japonicus(Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), Parasitoid ofHalyomorpha halys(Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), Discovered in Southwestern Idaho
Authors: Richardson Kate V , Alston Diane G , Spears Lori R 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAdventive populations of Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead) have been detected in the eastern and western United States including the western states of Washington, Oregon, California, and Utah. These populations may provide classical biological control for the invasive brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål), which can cause economic loss to many specialty crops in western North America. Idaho has not previously been surveyed for the exotic T. japonicus or native parasitoids of H. halys. In July 2021, T. japonicus was discovered emerging from wild H. halys egg masses in Star, Idaho (43.69788, −116.49427), and was detected on yellow sticky cards from July to September. This is the first record of T. japonicus in the state of Idaho. T. japonicus constituted only a small portion of Trissolcus species detected; other species included T. euschisti (Ashmead), T. hullensis (Harrington), and T. utahensis (Ashmead). Genetic population level analysis of T. japonicus specimens from Idaho supports the likelihood of its expansion inland from the west coast, inhabiting ecozones previously considered unsuitable due to high temperatures and low humidity. This report opens the prospect of an effective biological control agent for H. halys in Idaho and potentially other hot and dry geographic regions and expands documentation of the presence of adventive T. japonicus populations in North America.
Designing to detect heteroscedasticity in a regression model
Authors: Lanteri Alessandro , Leorato Samantha , López-Fidalgo Jesús , Tommasi Chiara 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe consider the problem of designing experiments to detect the presence of a specified heteroscedastity in Gaussian regression models. We study the relationship of the Ds- and KL-criteria with the noncentrality parameter of the asymptotic chi-squared distribution of a likelihood-based test, for local alternatives. We found that, when the heteroscedastity depends on one parameter, the two criteria coincide asymptotically and that the D1-criterion is proportional to the noncentrality parameter. Differently, when it depends on several parameters, the KL-optimum design converges to the design that maximizes the noncentrality parameter. Our theoretical findings are confirmed through a simulation study.
A spatial stochastic frontier model introducing inefficiency spillovers
Authors: Galli Federica 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This paper develops a spatial Durbin stochastic frontier model for panel data introducing spillover effects in the determinants of technical efficiency (SDF-STE). The model nests several existing spatial and non-spatial stochastic frontier specifications and is estimated using maximum-likelihood techniques. Estimates are shown to be unbiased even for small sample sizes and for alternative specifications of the spatial weight matrix implementing different Monte Carlo simulations. Finally, an application to the Italian accommodation sector is provided. Empirical findings suggest the relevance of the SDF-STE model in capturing labour productivity and knowledge spillover effects.
Incidental contrast opacification of the appendix secondary to urological intervention
Authors: Hunn Samuel , Winston Joshua , Davies Nicholas 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA 23-year-old otherwise well male, with right ureteric stent in situ placed electively for a 9-mm symptomatic pelviureteric junction stone underwent a right ureteropyeloscopy, retrograde pyelogram laser lithotripsy and stent exchange for stone clearance. The procedure was uncomplicated. Following stent removal on day 2, the patient developed acute right lower quadrant pain, which was investigated with non-contrast CT abdomen. The scan demonstrated a contrast-filled vermiform appendix, secondary to vicarious contrast excretion. This case report describes a rare manifestation of vicarious contrast excretion and explains this phenomenon.
Incidental ectopic adrenal cortical tissue in the descending mesocolon in an elderly female: a first case report in the literature
Authors: Al-janabi Moatasem Hussein , Allan Ali , Salloum Rabab 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEctopic adrenal tissue (EAT) is an extremely unusual finding. The most common site is the genitourinary tract and pelvis, and more frequently in males than females. In our report, we discuss an ectopic adrenal cortical tissue detected in the descending mesocolon in an elderly female. To the best of our knowledge, this case is the first report in the English literature.
Journey of a stone—thirty years on
Authors: Nan Xinyi , Prabha Ramesh Damodaran , Rashid Muddassir , Patel Bhavik 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLaparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard surgical treatment of gallstone disease and a commonly performed procedure in general surgery. Retained gallstones from intraoperative spillage remain largely asymptomatic and complications are rare. Peak incidence of presentation occurs within a year; however, it is important to recognize retained gallstones as a differential for acute presentations even many years postoperatively. We present the case of a 74-year-old female who presented with a retained-gallstone-associated abdominal wall abscess 30 years after spillage during the original surgery, which was successfully treated with a stepwise extraperitoneal approach with local drainage.
Repurposing for the just transition: energy companies need to future-proof their structure and strategy
Authors: Heffron Raphael J 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In order to achieve a just transition to a low-carbon economy, there is a need for large-scale and far-reaching organizational reform. In particular, this needs to happen with multi-national and state-owned energy companies. These firms play a key role in societies worldwide today, however, they are ignoring or neglecting their role in the energy transition and the wider movement towards achieving a low-carbon economy in a ‘just’ way. These companies are transitioning far too slowly and the rhetoric they advance is now outdated given the current market and societal dynamics. Early indications are that Governments and the public remain willing to assist in financing the transitioning of these companies. However, this support will have a time limit. This short brief focuses on the need for these companies to ‘repurpose’ themselves, to obtain requisite data for their decision-making and begin future-proofing their strategies which includes themselves individually also.
Understanding the origin of CEMP – no stars through ultra-faint dwarfs
Authors: Rossi Martina , Salvadori Stefania , Skúladóttir Ása , Vanni Irene 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
The origin of Carbon Enhanced Metal-Poor (CEMP-no) stars with low abundances of neutron-capture elements is still unclear. These stars are ubiquitous, found primarily in the Milky Way halo and ultra-faint dwarf galaxies (UFDs). To make a major step forward, we developed a data-calibrated model for Böotes I that simultaneously includes all carbon sources: supernovae and asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars both from first (Pop III) stars, and subsequent normal star formation (Pop II). We demonstrate that each of these sources leaves a specific chemical signature in the gas, allowing us to identify the origin of present day CEMP-no stars through their location in the A(C)–[Fe/H] diagram. The CEMP stars with A(C) &gt; 6 are predominantly enriched by AGB Pop II stars. We identify a new class of moderate CEMP-s stars with A(C) ∼7 and 0 &lt; [Ba/Fe] &lt; + 1, imprinted by winds from AGB stars. True Pop III descendants are predicted to have A(C) &lt; 6 and a constant [C/Mg] with [Fe/H], in perfect agreement with observations in Böotes I and the Milky Way halo. For the first time we now have a complete picture of the origins of CEMP-no stars which can and will be verified with future observations.
CAS Array: design and assessment of a genotyping array for Chinese biobanking
Authors: Tian Zijian , Chen Fei , Wang Jing , Wu Benrui , Shao Jian , Liu Ziqing , Zheng Li , Wang You , Xu Tao , Zhou Kaixin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Chronic diseases are becoming a critical challenge to the aging Chinese population. Biobanks with extensive genomic and environmental data offer opportunities to elucidate the complex gene–environment interactions underlying their aetiology. Genome-wide genotyping array remains an efficient approach for large-scale genomic data collection. However, most commercial arrays have reduced performance for biobanking in the Chinese population.

Materials and methods
Deep whole-genome sequencing data from 2 641 Chinese individuals were used as a reference to develop the CAS array, a custom-designed genotyping array for precision medicine. Evaluation of the array was performed by comparing data from 384 individuals assayed both by the array and whole-genome sequencing. Validation of its mitochondrial copy number estimating capacity was conducted by examining its association with established covariates among 10 162 Chinese elderly.

Results
The CAS Array adopts the proven Axiom technology and is restricted to 652 429 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Its call rate of 99.79% and concordance rate of 99.89% are both higher than for commercial arrays. Its imputation-based genome coverage reached 98.3% for common SNPs and 63.0% for low-frequency SNPs, both comparable to commercial arrays with larger SNP capacity. After validating its mitochondrial copy number estimates, we developed a publicly available software tool to facilitate the array utility.

Conclusion
Based on recent advances in genomic science, we designed and implemented a high-throughput and low-cost genotyping array. It is more cost-effective than commercial arrays for large-scale Chinese biobanking.
Inverse mass ordering of light scalar mesons in the Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model
Authors: Saionji Takahiro , Jido Daisuke , Harada Masayasu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe masses of the low-lying scalar mesons are investigated in the three-flavor Nambu–Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model by treating the scalar mesons as composite objects of a quark and an antiquark. It is known that a simple $\bar{q}q$ picture fails to reproduce the so-called inverse mass ordering for the scalar mesons. Recently a new mechanism to reproduce the observed mass spectrum of the scalar mesons was proposed in a linear sigma model by introducing flavor symmetry breaking induced by the U(1) axial anomaly. Motivated by this proposal, we examine whether this new mechanism also works in the NJL model. By calculating the scalar meson masses, we find that the NJL model reproduces the observed mass ordering with sufficient strength of the new term. With this mechanism, it turns out that the constituent strange quark mass becomes degenerate to that of the up and down quarks if the inverse mass ordering is reproduced. We also discuss the scalar diquark masses to check the consistency of the degeneracy of the constituent quark masses with the light baryon masses.
Targeting XBP1 mRNA splicing sensitizes glioblastoma to chemotherapy
Authors: Dowdell Amiee , Marsland Mark , Faulkner Sam , Gedye Craig , Lynam James , Griffin Cassandra P. , Marsland Joanne , Jiang Chen Chen , Hondermarck Hubert 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most frequent and deadly primary brain tumor in adults. Temozolomide (TMZ) is the standard systemic therapy in GBM but has limited and restricted efficacy. Better treatments are urgently needed. The role of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) is increasingly described in GBM pathophysiology. A key molecular mediator of ER stress, the spliced form of the transcription factor x‐box binding protein 1 (XBP1s) may constitute a novel therapeutic target; here we report XBP1s expression and biological activity in GBM. Tumor samples from patients with GBM (n = 85) and low‐grade glioma (n = 20) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for XBP1s with digital quantification. XBP1s expression was significantly increased in GBM compared to low‐grade gliomas. XBP1s mRNA showed upregulation by qPCR analysis in a panel of patient‐derived GBM cell lines. Inhibition of XBP1 splicing using the small molecular inhibitor MKC‐3946 significantly reduced GBM cell viability and potentiated the effect of TMZ in GBM cells, particularly in those with methylated O6‐methylguanine‐DNA methyl transferase gene promoter. GBM cells resistant to TMZ were also responsive to MKC‐3946 and the long‐term inhibitory effect of MKC‐3946 was confirmed by colony formation assay. In conclusion, this data reveals that XBP1s is overexpressed in GBM and contributes to cancer cell growth. XBP1s warrants further investigation as a clinical biomarker and therapeutic target in GBM.
Comparison of Single-level Cervical Radiculopathy Outcomes Between Posterior Endoscopic Cervical Decompression and Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion
Authors: Chen Yuanyuan , Zhang Tao , Cai Bin , Xu Jianguang , Lian Xiaofeng 
Published: February 2023

Study Design:
A retrospective cohort study.

Objective:
To investigate the mid-term results and technical possibilities of posterior endoscopic cervical decompression (PECD) in the treatment of cervical radiculopathy.

Summary of Background Data:
PECD has been used in the treatment of cervical radiculopathy for the past decades; there is a paucity of studies directly comparing its outcomes with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) for patients with single-level cervical radiculopathy.

Patients and Methods:
From January 2016 to December 2018, clinical and radiologic data of 42 patients were collected. Patients were followed for a mean of 40.6 months (range: 30–54 mo) after surgery. Changes in cervical lordosis and degeneration of adjacent segments were analyzed. Dysphagia was assessed using the Bazaz score, and clinical outcomes were analyzed using the Neck Disability Index and visual analog scoring system.

Results:
There were no significant differences in neurological outcomes between the two groups. Significant between-group differences in postoperative dysphagia were observed (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in postoperative segmental Cobb angles and disc height between the two groups (P < 0.05). Degenerative changes in the adjacent segments occurred in 5 patients in the ACDF group and 1 patient in the PECD group (P < 0.05); no revision surgery was needed.

Conclusions:
Clinical outcomes of PECD for patients with unilateral radiculopathy were satisfactory. On the premise of a strict selection of indications, we consider this technique to be a safe supplement and alternative to ACDF for patients with unilateral cervical radiculopathy. Longer follow-up periods are required to confirm these observations.
Residual Neuropathic Pain in Postoperative Patients With Cervical Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
Authors: Miyagi Masayuki , Inoue Gen , Yoshii Toshitaka , Egawa Satoru , Sakai Kenichiro , Kusano Kazuo , Nakagawa Yukihiro , Hirai Takashi , Wada Kanichiro , Katsumi Keiichi , Kimura Atsushi , Furuya Takeo , Nagoshi Narihito , Kanchiku Tsukasa , Nagamoto Yukitaka , Oshima Yasushi , Nakashima Hiroaki , Ando Kei , Takahata Masahiko , Mori Kanji , Nakajima Hideaki , Murata Kazuma , Matsunaga Shunji , Kaito Takashi , Yamada Kei , Kobayashi Sho , Kato Satoshi , Ohba Tetsuro , Inami Satoshi , Fujibayashi Shunsuke , Katoh Hiroyuki , Kanno Haruo , Koda Masao , Takahashi Hiroshi , Ikeda Shinsuke , Imagama Shiro , Kawaguchi Yoshiharu , Takeshita Katsushi , Matsumoto Morio , Takaso Masashi , Okawa Atsushi , Yamazaki Masashi 
Published: February 2023

Study Design:
A prospective multi-institutional observational study.

Objective:
To investigate and identify risk factors for residual neuropathic pain after surgery in patients with cervical ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament (c-OPLL).

Summary of Background Data:
Patients with c-OPLL often require surgery for numbness and paralysis of the extremities; however, postoperative neuropathic pain can considerably deteriorate their quality of life.

Methods:
Out of 479 patients identified from multicenter c-OPLL registries between 2014 and 2017, 292 patients who could be followed up for 2 years postoperatively were reviewed, after excluding patients with nervous system comorbidities. Demographic details; medical history; radiographic factors including the K-line, spinal canal occupancy rate of OPLL, cervical kyphosis angle, and presence of spinal cord myelomalacia; preoperative Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score; surgical procedure (fusion or decompression surgery); postoperative neurological deterioration; and the visual analogue scale for pain and numbness in the upper extremities (U/E) or trunk/lower extremities (L/E) at baseline and at 2 years postoperatively were assessed. Patients were grouped into residual and non-residual groups based on a postoperative visual analogue scale ≥40 mm. Risk factors for residual neuropathic pain were evaluated by multiple logistic regression analysis.

Results:
The prevalence of U/E and L/E residual pain in postoperative c-OPLL patients was 51.7% and 40.4%, respectively. The U/E residual group had a poor preoperative JOA score and longer illness duration, and fusion surgery was more common in the residual group than in non-residual group. The L/E residual group was older with a poorer preoperative JOA score. On multivariate analysis, risk factors for U/E residual pain were long illness duration and poor preoperative JOA score, whereas those for L/E residual pain were age and poor preoperative JOA score.

Conclusions:
The risk factors for residual spinal neuropathic pain after c-OPLL surgery were age, long duration of illness, and poor preoperative JOA score.

Level of Evidence:
IV
Extraskeletal Myxoid Chondrosarcoma
Authors: Brodsky Casey N. , Bucala Matthew D. , Abdulfatah Eman M. , Siegel Geoffrey W. 
Published: February 2023

Objectives:
Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma (EMC) is an ultrarare soft tissue sarcoma, and a limited number of studies are published regarding its clinical course and efficacy of treatment. The goal of this retrospective case series is to explore patient characteristics, treatment approaches, and oncologic outcomes to help inform future EMC management.

Methods:
All patients with a diagnosis of EMC seen at the University of Michigan Sarcoma Center between 1998 and 2021 were identified. A chart review was performed to analyze demographics, tumor characteristics, treatments, and outcomes.

Results:
Forty-four patients with EMC were identified. The median follow-up was 49.8 months. The median age at diagnosis was 57 (range: 25 to 79), and 35 patients (80%) were male. Thirty-four patients (77%) had locoregional disease at diagnosis, and 26 patients (59%) ultimately developed metastatic disease. After locoregional curative-intent surgery, 15 patients had documented recurrence, of which 11 were metastatic (73%). Five-year overall survival was 79% for all patients, 86% for locoregional disease, and 58% for metastatic disease; for locoregional disease, 5-year disease-free and metastasis-free survival post-surgery were 43% and 53%, respectively; 1-year progression-free survival for metastatic disease from the start of first-line systemic therapy was 43%. Older age was the only factor statistically associated with improved prognosis, although perioperative radiotherapy, lower histologic grade, and negative margins also had directional associations with outcomes.

Conclusions:
The data in this patient series are generally consistent with published literature on EMC and demonstrate a high recurrence rate, high propensity for metastasis, and high rate of progression of metastatic disease on systemic therapy.
Lichen Planopilaris Pemphigoides: A Novel Bullous Dermatosis Due to Programmed Cell Death Protein-1 Inhibitor Therapy
Authors: Liu Shuo S. , Howard Tara , Fattah Yasmin H. , Adams Amy , Hanly Andrew J. , Karai Laszlo J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
Lichen planus pemphigoides (LPPemph), apart from bullous pemphigoid, is a rare bullous dermatosis that can be induced by programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1)/PD ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors. The primary location of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor–induced LPPemph has previously only been reported at the nonfollicular dermal–epidermal junction. We present a case of nivolumab-induced LPPemph with an intense perifollicular lichenoid reaction, prominent multifocal perifollicular clefting, which in addition, was also accompanied by linear IgG and C3 immunofluorescence deposits along the dermal–epidermal junction as well as demonstrating a perifollicular pattern. Intriguingly, the serological study of BP180 and BP230 antibodies was negative, suggesting the presence of additional novel antibodies, which primarily favor hair follicles and may contribute to the pathogenesis. Therefore, we consider this entity a novel variant of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor–induced bullous dermatosis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that highlights perifollicular bullae accompanied by immunofluorescence findings in a PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor–induced lesion. We propose a new immunotherapy associated entity, lichen planopilaris pemphigoides, and emphasize the significance of perifollicular changes in the pathogenesis.