bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bisherige Kapitalmarktkrisen im 21. Jahrhundert
Authors: Mehring Hans-Peter 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungIn einer Rückschau können für das 21. Jahrhundert bislang drei wesentliche Finanzkrisen identifiziert werden:

Das Platzen der Technologieblase im Jahr 2001 und die Folgen der Anschläge des 11. Septembers (9/11) im selben Jahr,

die Finanzmarktkrise des Jahres 2008 und die darauffolgende europäische Schuldenkrise sowie

die Reaktionen der Finanzmärkte auf die COVID-19 Pandemie im Jahr 2020.

Diese Ereignisse haben zu Änderungen im Bilanzrecht geführt und die Bilanzierungspraxis der Versicherungsunternehmen maßgeblich beeinflusst.
Gesellschaftliche Integration aus Sicht von Profession
Authors: Lüthi Katharina 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungLernen vor Ort zielt darauf, Kommunen bei der Entwicklung eines ganzheitlichen Bildungswesens zu unterstützen, »in dessen Mittelpunkt die Menschen und deren Bildungsbiographien stehen«. Die Abstimmung und Verzahnung unterschiedlicher Bildungsbereiche innerhalb und zwischen kreisangehörigen Städten sowie innerhalb einer kreisfreien Stadt hat »unter besonderer Berücksichtigung einer ganzheitlichen Betrachtung individueller Bildungsbiographien« zu erfolgen. In dieser Formulierung sind Prozesse der Systemintegration mit Blick auf Sozialintegration angesprochen.
Methodisches Vorgehen
Authors: Lüthi Katharina 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungQualitative Fallstudien bilden einen zentralen Bestandteil der wissenschaftlichen Begleitforschung zum Programm Lernen vor Ort. Sie wurden als Längsschnitterhebung angelegt. In 14 Lernen-vor-Ort-Kommunen erfolgten Erhebungswellen im Jahr 2011 und 2012, bei denen unterschiedliche Schlüsselakteure in Interviews vor Ort befragt wurden, um Interaktionsprozesse im Verlauf sowie kritische Erfolgsfaktoren und Transferpotenziale zu erfassen.
Generalized parton distributions through universal moment parameterization: non-zero skewness case
Authors: Guo Yuxun , Ji Xiangdong , Santiago M. Gabriel , Shiells Kyle , Yang Jinghong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We present the first global analysis of generalized parton distributions (GPDs) combing lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) calculations and experiment measurements including global parton distribution functions (PDFs), form factors (FFs) and deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) measurements. Following the previous work where we parameterize GPDs in terms of their moments, we extend the framework to allow for the global analysis at non-zero skewness. Together with the constraints at zero skewness, we fit GPDs to global DVCS measurements from both the recent JLab and the earlier Hadron-Electron Ring Accelerator (HERA) experiments with two active quark flavors and leading order QCD evolution. With certain choices of empirical constraints, both sea and valence quark distributions are extracted with the combined inputs, and we present the quark distributions in the proton correspondingly. We also discuss how to extend the framework to accommodate more off-forward constraints beyond the small ξ expansion, especially the lattice calculated GPDs.
Consistent truncations from the geometry of sphere bundles
Authors: Bonetti Federico , Minasian Ruben , Camell Valentí Vall , Weck Peter 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we present a unified perspective on sphere consistent truncations based on the classical geometric properties of sphere bundles. The backbone of our approach is the global angular form for the sphere. A universal formula for the Kaluza-Klein ansatz of the flux threading the n-sphere captures the full nonabelian isometry group SO(n + 1) and scalar deformations associated to the coset SL(n + 1, ℝ)/SO(n + 1). In all cases, the scalars enter the ansatz in a shift by an exact form. We find that the latter can be completely fixed by imposing mild conditions, motivated by supersymmetry, on the scalar potential arising from dimensional reduction of the higher dimensional theory. We comment on the role of the global angular form in the derivation of the topological couplings of the lower-dimensional theory, and on how this perspective could provide inroads into the study of consistent truncations with less supersymmetry.
Some hidden structure in BKL
Authors: Perry Malcolm J. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The way spacetime behaves as one approaches a spacelike singularity is reinvestigated. We find a simple twistorial presentation that includes and simplifies the classic work of Belinskii, Khalatnikov and Lifshitz as well as the more recent results of Damour, Henneaux and Nicolai. We speculate on the application of our technique to the E10 programme of M-theory.
Miniature spectrometer data analytics for food fraud
Authors: Asharindavida Fayas , Nibouche Omar , Uhomoibhi James , Liu Jun , Vincent Jordan , Wang Hui 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMachine learning has been extensively used for analyzing spectral data in food quality management. However, collecting high-quality spectral data from miniature spectrometers outside the laboratory is challenging due to various factors such as distortions, noise, high dimensionality, and collinearity. This paper presents an in-depth analysis of food datasets collected from miniature spectrometers to evaluate the data quality and characteristics, by focusing on a case study of olive oil quality check, where various machine learning models were applied to differentiate pure and adulterated olive oil. Furthermore, the impact of pre-processing techniques on data distortions was studied. It presents a comprehensive pipeline, including data pre-processing, dimension reduction, classification, and regression analysis, and deploys different algorithms for comparative classification and regression analysis. The model performances were assessed using 2 separate methods: tenfold cross-validation on an entire dataset with 10% random testing, and an entire test set collected in different environments (multi-session validation). The first validation approach reached classification rates of up to 96.73%, while the second achieved 83.32%. These results demonstrate that cost-effective miniature spectrometers augmented with a suitable machine learning pipeline could execute classification tasks on par with non-portable and more expensive spectrometers. Furthermore, the study highlights the requirement of specialized algorithms to handle different ambient conditions affecting data acquisition and to eliminate performance gaps, making miniature spectrometers suitable for in situ scenarios. This work extends previous research to enable consumers becoming the first line in the defense against food fraud.
Lipschitz geometry of surface germs in $${\mathbb {R}}^4$$: metric knots
Authors: Birbrair Lev , Brandenbursky Michael , Gabrielov Andrei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA link at the origin of an isolated singularity of a two-dimensional semialgebraic surface in $${\mathbb {R}}^4$$

R

4

is a topological knot (or link) in $$S^3$$

S
3

. We study the connection between the ambient Lipschitz geometry of semialgebraic surface germs in $${\mathbb {R}}^4$$

R

4

and knot theory. Namely, for any knot K, we construct a surface $$X_K$$

X
K

in $${\mathbb {R}}^4$$

R

4

such that: the link at the origin of $$X_{K}$$

X
K

is a trivial knot; the germs $$X_K$$

X
K

are outer bi-Lipschitz equivalent for all K; two germs $$X_{K}$$

X
K

and $$X_{K'}$$

X

K
′

are ambient semialgebraic bi-Lipschitz equivalent only if the knots K and $$K'$$

K
′

are isotopic. We show that the Jones polynomial can be used to recognize ambient bi-Lipschitz non-equivalent surface germs in $${\mathbb {R}}^4$$

R

4

, even when they are topologically trivial and outer bi-Lipschitz equivalent.
AI and Swedish Heritage Organisations: challenges and opportunities
Authors: Griffin Gabriele , Wennerström Elisabeth , Foka Anna 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article examines the challenges and opportunities that arise with artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) methods and tools when implemented within cultural heritage institutions (CHIs), focusing on three selected Swedish case studies. The article centres on the perspectives of the CHI professionals who deliver that implementation. Its purpose is to elucidate how CHI professionals respond to the opportunities and challenges AI/ML provides. The three Swedish CHIs discussed here represent different organizational frameworks and have different types of collections, while sharing, to some extent, a similar position in terms of the use of AI/ML tools and methodologies. The overarching question of this article is what is the state of knowledge about AI/ML among Swedish CHI professionals, and what are the related issues? To answer this question, we draw on (1) semi-structured interviews with CHI professionals, (2) individual CHI website information, and (3) CHI-internal digitization protocols and digitalization strategies, to provide a nuanced analysis of both professional and organisational processes concerning the implementation of AI/ML methods and tools. Our study indicates that AI/ML implementation is in many ways at the very early stages of implementation in Swedish CHIs. The CHI professionals are affected in their AI/ML engagement by four key issues that emerged in the interviews: their institutional and professional knowledge regarding AI/ML; the specificities of their collections and associated digitization and digitalization issues; issues around personnel; and issues around AI/ML resources. The article suggests that a national CHI strategy for AI/ML might be helpful as would be knowledge-, expertise-, and potentially personnel- and resource-sharing to move beyond the constraints that the CHIs face in implementing AI/ML.
A novel approach for surface defect detection of lithium battery based on improved K-nearest neighbor and Euclidean clustering segmentation
Authors: Liu Xinhua , Wu Lequn , Guo Xiaoqiang , Andriukaitis Darius , Królczyk Grzegorz , Li Zhixiong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSurface defects of lithium batteries seriously affect the product quality and may lead to safety risks. In order to accurately identify the surface defects of lithium battery, a novel defect detection approach is proposed based on improved K-nearest neighbor (KNN) and Euclidean clustering segmentation. Firstly, an improved voxel density strategy for KNN is proposed to speed up the effect for point filtering. Then, the improved clustering segmentation strategy is applied to distinguish point clouds with defect features. The outline fitting algorithm based on the least square method is applied to determine geometric features of each surface defect which are used to classify defect types. Furthermore, experimental results show that the proposed surface defect detection method reaches 99.2% accuracy and 35.3-ms average time consumption for data processing. Finally, an industrial application example of lithium battery production is demonstrated, which meets the requirements of industrial application. All these reports exhibited that the industrial visual inspection system with rapid measurement is an effective method and guarantees for accelerating industrial production and manufacturing in the future.
ITRF2020: an augmented reference frame refining the modeling of nonlinear station motions
Authors: Altamimi Zuheir , Rebischung Paul , Collilieux Xavier , Métivier Laurent , Chanard Kristel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTo better describe the shape of the constantly deforming Earth’s surface, the ITRF2020 is provided as an augmented terrestrial reference frame that precisely models nonlinear station motions for both seasonal (annual and semi-annual) signals present in the station position time series and Post-Seismic Deformation (PSD) for sites impacted by major earthquakes. Reprocessed solutions in the form of station position time series and Earth Orientation Parameters using the full observation history provided by the four space geodetic techniques (DORIS, GNSS, SLR and VLBI) were used as input data, spanning 28, 27, 38 and 41 years of observations, respectively. The ITRF2020 long-term origin follows linearly with time the Earth’s Center of Mass (CM) as sensed by SLR, based on observations collected over the time span 1993.0–2021.0. We evaluate the accuracy of the ITRF2020 long-term origin position and time evolution by comparison to previous solutions, namely ITRF2014, ITRF2008 and ITRF2005, to be at the level of or better than 5 mm and 0.5 mm/yr, respectively. The ITRF2020 long-term scale is defined by a rigorous weighted average of selected VLBI sessions up to 2013.75 and SLR weekly solutions covering the 1997.75–2021.0 time span. For the first time of the ITRF history, the scale agreement between SLR and VLBI long-term solutions is at the level of 0.15 ppb (1 mm at the equator) at epoch 2015.0, with no drift. To accommodate most of ITRF2020 users, the seasonal station coordinate variations are provided in the CM as well as in the Center of Figure frames, together with a seasonal geocenter motion model. While the PSD parametric models were determined by fitting GNSS data only, they also fit the station position time series of the three other techniques that are colocated with GNSS, demonstrating their high performance in describing site post-seismic trajectories.
Immunomagnetic separation coupled with flow cytometry for the analysis of Legionella pneumophila in aerosols
Authors: Heining Lena , Welp Laura , Hugo Achim , Elsner Martin , Seidel Michael 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLegionella pneumophila are pathogenic bacteria that can be found in high concentrations in artificial water systems like evaporative cooling towers, which have been the source of frequent outbreaks in recent years. Since inhaled L. pneumophila can lead to Legionnaires’ disease, the development of suitable sampling and rapid analysis strategies for these bacteria in aerosols is therefore of great relevance. In this work, different concentrations of viable L. pneumophila Sg 1 were nebulized and sampled by the cyclone sampler Coriolis® µ under defined conditions in a bioaerosol chamber. To quantify intact Legionella cells, the collected bioaerosols were subsequently analyzed by immunomagnetic separation coupled with flow cytometry (IMS-FCM) on the platform rqmicro.COUNT. For analytical comparison, measurements with qPCR and cultivation were performed. Limits of detection (LOD) of 2.9 × 103 intact cells m−3 for IMS-FCM and 7.8 × 102 intact cells m−3 for qPCR indicating a comparable sensitivity as in culture (LOD = 1.5 × 103 culturable cells m−3). Over a working range of 103 − 106 cells mL−1, the analysis of nebulized and collected aerosol samples with IMS-FCM and qPCR provides higher recovery rates and more consistent results than by cultivation. Overall, IMS-FCM is a suitable culture-independent method for quantification of L. pneumophila in bioaerosols and is promising for field application due to its simplicity in sample preparation.
Graphical abstract
Two-stage drying of tomato based on physical parameter kinetics: operative and qualitative optimization
Authors: Mencarelli Alessio , Marinello Francesco , Marini Alberto , Guerrini Lorenzo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe industrial drying of tomatoes using hot air is a widespread practice. However, air drying has several issues in terms of time, energy consumption and qualitative characteristics of the final product. The study aims to improve drying through the monitoring of the tomato’s physical characteristics. The study was divided into two parts. In the first part, the kinetics of moisture, color, volume, and rehydration ratio during the drying of tomatoes were modeled according to the temperature used (50, 60, 70, and 80 °C). Moisture loss kinetics has an initial zero-order, followed by first-order kinetics once the critical moisture is exceeded. For color, a first constant trend is observed followed by a steadily increasing or decreasing variation according to the color considered (i.e., red, or brown). The use of low temperatures guarantees the least changes of physical characteristics but significantly increases the time (+ 189%). Conversely, high temperatures guarantee faster drying but cause greater tomato browning (+ 200%). During the drying, the volume decreased linearly according to the considered temperature. In the second part of the work, a tentative drying optimization was performed, based on color kinetics. A two-stage process using two temperatures was developed to reduce drying times without affecting the product quality. Also, two control tests were conducted at 50 °C and 70 °C constant temperatures. No significant quality differences were observed between tomatoes dried at 50 °C and those using the two-stage process (p < 0.05). This type of approach did not produce a qualitative deterioration of the final product and at the same time allowed a significant reduction (− 27.6%) in time.
Linocin M18 protein from the insect pathogenic bacterium Brevibacillus laterosporus isolates
Authors: Babar Tauseef K. , Glare Travis R. , Hampton John G. , Hurst Mark R. H. , Narciso Josefina , Sheen Campbell R. , Koch Barbara 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Brevibacillus laterosporus (Bl) is a Gram-positive and spore-forming bacterium. Insect pathogenic strains have been characterised in New Zealand, and two isolates, Bl 1821L and Bl 1951, are under development for use in biopesticides. However, growth in culture is sometimes disrupted, affecting mass production. Based on previous work, it was hypothesised that Tectiviridae phages might be implicated. While investigating the cause of the disrupted growth, electron micrographs of crude lysates showed structural components of putative phages including capsid and tail-like structures. Sucrose density gradient purification yielded a putative self-killing protein of ~30 kDa. N-terminal sequencing of the ~30 kDa protein identified matches to a predicted 25 kDa hypothetical and a 31.4 kDa putative encapsulating protein homologs, with the genes encoding each protein adjacent in the genomes. BLASTp analysis of the homologs of 31.4 kDa amino acid sequences shared 98.6% amino acid identity to the Linocin M18 bacteriocin family protein of Brevibacterium sp. JNUCC-42. Bioinformatic tools including AMPA and CellPPD defined that the bactericidal potential originated from a putative encapsulating protein. Antagonistic activity of the ~30 kDa encapsulating protein of Bl 1821L and Bl 1951during growth in broth exhibited bacterial autolytic activity. LIVE/DEAD staining of Bl 1821L cells after treatment with the ~30 kDa encapsulating protein of Bl 1821L substantiated the findings by showing 58.8% cells with the compromised cell membranes as compared to 37.5% cells in the control. Furthermore, antibacterial activity of the identified proteins of Bl 1821L was validated through gene expression in a Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis WB800N.

Key Points
• Gene encoding the 31.4 kDa antibacterial Linocin M18 protein was identified
• It defined the autocidal activity of Linocin M18 (encapsulating) protein
• Identified the possible killing mechanism of the encapsulins
Pelvic organ movements in asymptomatic nulliparous and symptomatic premenopausal women with pelvic organ prolapse in dynamic MRI: a feasibility study comparing midsagittal single-slice with multi-slice sequences
Authors: Ghafoor Soleen , Beintner-Skawran Stephan M. , Stöckli Gian , Betschart Cornelia , Reiner Cäcilia S. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To compare multi-slice (MS) MRI sequences of the pelvis acquired at rest and straining to dynamic midsagittal single-slice (SS) sequences for the assessment of pelvic organ prolapse (POP).

Methods
This IRB-approved prospective single-center feasibility study included 23 premenopausal symptomatic patients with POP and 22 asymptomatic nulliparous volunteers. MRI of the pelvis at rest and straining was performed with midsagittal SS and MS sequences. Straining effort, visibility of organs and POP grade were scored on both. Organ points (bladder, cervix, anorectum) were measured. Differences between SS and MS sequences were compared with Wilcoxon test.

Results
Straining effort was good in 84.4% on SS and in 64.4% on MS sequences (p = 0.003). Organ points were always visible on MS sequences, whereas the cervix was not fully visible in 31.1–33.3% on SS sequences. At rest, there were no statistically significant differences of organ point measurements between SS and MS sequences in symptomatic patients. At straining, positions of bladder, cervix, and anorectum were + 1.1 cm (± 1.8 cm), − 0.7 cm (± 2.9 cm), and + 0.7 cm (± 1.3 cm) on SS and + 0.4 mm (± 1.7 cm), − 1.4 cm (± 2.6 cm), and + 0.4 cm (± 1.3 cm) on MS sequences (p < 0.05). Only 2 cases of higher-grade POP were missed on MS sequences (both with poor straining effort).

Conclusion
MS sequences increase the visibility of organ points compared to SS sequences. Dynamic MS sequences can depict POP if images are acquired with sufficient straining effort. Further work is needed to optimize the depiction of the maximum straining effort with MS sequences.

Graphical abstract
Robotic Versus Laparoscopic Hepatectomy: A Single Surgeon Experience of 629 Consecutive Minimally Invasive Liver Resections
Authors: Winckelmans Thomas , Wicherts Dennis A. , Parmentier Isabelle , De Meyere Celine , Verslype Chris , D'Hondt Mathieu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundRobotic surgery has the potential to broaden the indications for minimally invasive liver surgery owing to its technical advantages. This paper compares our experience with robotic liver surgery (RLS) with conventional laparoscopic liver surgery (LLS).
MethodsAll consecutive liver resections between October 2011 and October 2022 were selected from our prospective database to be included in this cohort study. Patients who underwent RLS were compared with a LLS group for operative and postoperative outcomes.ResultsIn total, 629 patients were selected from our database, including 177 patients who underwent a RLS and 452 patients who had LLS. Colorectal liver metastasis was the main indication for surgery in both groups. With the introduction of RLS, the percentage of open resections decreased significantly (32.6% from 2011 to 2020 vs. 11.5% from 2020 onward, P < 0.001). In the robotic group, redo liver surgery was more frequent (24.3% vs. 16.8%, P = 0.031) and the Southampton difficulty score was higher (4 [IQR 4 to 7] vs. 4 [IQR 3 to 6], P = 0.02). Median blood loss was lower (30 vs. 100 ml, P < 0.001), and postoperative length of stay (LOS) was shorter in the robotic group (median 3 vs. 4 days, P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in postoperative complications. Cost related to the used instruments and LOS was significantly lower in the RLS group (median €1483 vs. €1796, P < 0.001 and €1218 vs. €1624, P < 0.001, respectively), while cost related to operative time was higher (median €2755 vs. €2470, P < 0.001).ConclusionsRLS may allow for a higher percentage of liver resections to be completed in a minimally invasive way with lower blood loss and a shorter LOS.