bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multislice CT coronary angiography and coronary artery calcium scoring, correlation with Heart Score
Authors: Elkhoraiby Ahmed Kamel , Okasha Nireen Khalifa , Elkashlan Yaser Gomaa , Tamara Ahmed Fathy 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundCoronary atherosclerosis is the number one leading cause of death. According to estimates, if all primary cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) had been eradicated, life expectancy could increase by nearly seven years. Long asymptomatic latent phases of coronary heart disease allow for early preventive measures. Egypt has a high prevalence of premature Coronary Artery Disease (CAD).Aim of studyWe aimed to evaluate the correlation between the cardiovascular risk assessed by the Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (HeartScore) and Coronary Artery Calcium Score (CACS) versus the actual extent of atherosclerotic CAD affection among a sample of Egyptian patients assessed by Multislice Computed Tomography (MSCT) due to chest pain complaints.MethodsAn observational cross section study included one hundred studied cases: aged 40 to 69 years old, of which 63% were males, 63% were hypertensive, 39% were diabetic, and 28% were smokers. Those patients presented with symptoms suggestive of coronary artery disease (chest pain). All studied cases had been subjected to history and examination, electrocardiograph (ECG), kidney functions, lipid profile, SCORE calculation, and coronary MSCT scan.ResultsOur observational study found a moderately significant positive relationship between the HeartScore and CACS and CAD; having a higher score carries a higher probability of having CAD. Having a very low score is a good negative test for exclusion. Also, there is a weak relationship between HeartScore, CACS, and the number of diseased coronaries, i.e. these cannot differentiate single vessel disease (SVD) from Multivessel Disease (MVD). In addition, both scores could not determine Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease (OCAD) and Nonobstructive Coronary Artery Disease (Non-OCAD).ConclusionsFrom the clinical point of view, our research suggests that HeartScore and CACS have moderate value in predicting CAD.
Reservoir computing based on solitary-like waves dynamics of liquid film flows: A proof of concept
Authors: Maksymov Ivan S. , Pototsky Andrey 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Several theoretical works have shown that solitons —waves that self-maintain constant shape and velocity as they propagate— can be used as a physical computational reservoir, a concept where machine learning algorithms designed for digital computers are replaced by analog physical systems that exhibit nonlinear dynamical behaviour. Here we propose and experimentally validate a novel reservoir computing (RC) system that for the first time employs solitary-like (SL) waves propagating on the surface of a liquid film flowing over an inclined surface. We demonstrate the ability of the SL wave RC system (SLRC) to forecast chaotic time series, also producing experimental evidence of the possibility to combine RC with nonlinear vector autoregression techniques not only in a computer program but also in a physical system.
Ondansetron for the Prevention of Pruritus in Women Undergoing Cesarean Delivery With Intrathecal Opioid: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Cadd Matthew , Jackson Paul , Ewnetu Baby 
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND:
Pruritus is a frequently reported and unpleasant side effect following intrathecal opioid use with frequency further increased among parturients. We have performed a systematic review to assess the overall efficacy of ondansetron for the prevention of pruritus in patients receiving intrathecal opioid as part of spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery.

METHODS:
A literature search of MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases was conducted from date of inception to September 2022. Studies that included patients undergoing cesarean delivery with spinal anesthesia using intrathecal opioid were included. The primary outcome was the presence of pruritus, and the secondary outcome was time to onset of pruritus. Data from included studies were pooled for analysis using an appropriately determined random-effects model. Outcomes were presented using forest plots and 95% confidence intervals. Additional sensitivity and subgroup analysis were performed. Trial sequential analysis was conducted for the primary outcome.

RESULTS:
Twenty-three randomized controlled trials with a total of 2586 patients were included: 1219 received ondansetron, 1030 received a placebo, and a further 337 received a different study drug and were excluded from analysis. Opioids used in the included studies were morphine, fentanyl, and sufentanil. Patients who received ondansetron showed a significant reduction in the incidence of pruritus compared to the control group (RR, 0.81; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.71–0.92; I2 = 64%). There was no significant difference in pruritus onset between the groups (mean difference [MD], 17.54 minutes; 95% CI, −2.18 to 37.26; I2 = 83%). The overall Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) assessment of quality of evidence was low.

CONCLUSIONS:
This systematic review has demonstrated a significant reduction in the incidence of pruritus following the use of ondansetron. This is in contrast to previously published meta-analyses. Studies included were of varying quality and some at high risk of bias with a high degree of statistical heterogeneity. Furthermore, high-quality and well-powered studies are required to confirm these findings.
Positive Head Computed Tomography Findings in the Setting of Sport Head Injuries: Can These Athletes Return-to-Play?
Authors: Jo Jacob , Williams Kristen L. , Jonzzon Soren , Yengo-Kahn Aaron M. , Terry Douglas P. , Zuckerman Scott L. 
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND:
The literature on athletes with positive head computed tomography (HCT) findings in the setting of sport head injuries remains sparse.

OBJECTIVE:
To report the proportions of athletes with a positive HCT and compare acute injury characteristics and recovery between those with and without a positive HCT.

METHODS:
A retrospective, single-institution, cohort study was performed with all athletes aged 12 to 23 years seen at a regional concussion center from 11/2017 to 04/2022. The cohort was dichotomized into positive vs negative HCT (controls). Acute injury characteristics (ie, loss of consciousness and amnesia) and recovery, as measured by days to return-to-learn (RTL), symptom resolution, and return-to-play (RTP) were compared. χ2 and Mann-Whitney U tests were performed.

RESULTS:
Of 2061 athletes, 226 (11.0%) received an HCT and 9 (4.0%) had positive findings. HCT findings included 4 (44.4%) subdural hematomas, 1 (11.1%) epidural hematoma, 2 (22.2%) facial fractures, 1 (11.1%) soft tissue contusion, and 1 (11.1%) cavernous malformation. All 9 (100.0%) athletes were treated nonoperatively and successfully returned-to-play at a median (IQR) of 73.0 (55.0-82.0) days. No differences in loss of consciousness or amnesia were seen between positive HCT group and controls. The Mann-Whitney U test showed differences in RTL (17.0 vs 4.0 days; U = 45.0, P = .016) and RTP (73.0 vs 27.0 days; U = 47.5, P = .007) but not in symptom resolution. Our subanalysis showed no differences across all recovery metrics between acute hemorrhages and controls.

CONCLUSION:
Among athletes seen at a regional concussion center who underwent an acute HCT, positive findings were seen in 4%. Although athletes with a positive HCT had longer RTL and RTP, symptom resolution was similar between those with a positive and negative HCT. All athletes with a positive HCT successfully returned to play. Despite a more conservative approach to athletes with a positive HCT, clinical outcomes are similar between those with and without a positive HCT.
Anatomic Considerations Guiding Single Versus Multiportal Endoscopic Approaches for Resection of Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma: Cases Series With Graded Multicorridor Resections
Authors: Bove Ilaria , Pangal Dhiraj J. , Ruzevick Jacob J. , Cheok Stephanie , Amar Arun , Mack William , Ference Elisabeth D. , Wrobel Bozena , Swanson Mark , Hur Kevin , Zada Gabriel 
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND:
Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibromas (JNAs) are characterized by expansive and destructive growth, often invading the midline/paranasal sinuses, pterygopalatine fossa, and infratemporal fossa and can extend into the orbit, cavernous sinus, or intracranially.

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluete the major benefits of the extended endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) for JNA resection as compared with more traditional and invasive transpalatal and transfacial approaches. When JNAs extend into lateral anatomic compartments, the optimal operative trajectory often requires additional approach strategies or surgical staging.

METHODS:
We retrospectively reviewed 8 cases of large JNAs arising in symptomatic adolescent boys (University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Stages II, III, and V) and discuss anatomic and tumor considerations guiding the decision of a pure EEA vs combined EEA and sublabial transmaxillary approach (Caldwell-Luc).

RESULTS:
A pure extended EEA was used in 6 JNA cases (UPMC Stages II-III); a multiportal EEA + Caldwell-Luc maxillotomy was used in 2 cases. One of the 2 patients (UPMC Stage V) previously treated with multiportal EEA + Caldwell-Luc maxillotomy underwent staged left temporal/transzygomatic craniotomy, obtaining gross total resection. Seven patients ultimately underwent complete removal without recurrence. One patient with a small residual JNA (UPMC II) underwent stereotactic radiosurgery without progression to date.

CONCLUSION:
JNAs with lateral extension into the infratemporal fossa often benefited from additional lateral exposure using a Caldwell-Luc maxillotomy. Cases with significant skull base and/or dural involvement may undergo staged surgical treatment; temporalis + transzygomatic craniotomy is often useful for second-stage approaches for residual tumor in these lateral infratemporal or intracranial regions. SRS should be considered for residual tumor if additional surgery is not warranted.
Progenitor-derived glia are required for spinal cord regeneration in zebrafish
Authors: Zhou Lili , McAdow Anthony R. , Yamada Hunter , Burris Brooke , Klatt Shaw Dana , Oonk Kelsey , Poss Kenneth D. , Mokalled Mayssa H. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Unlike mammals, adult zebrafish undergo spontaneous recovery after major spinal cord injury. Whereas reactive gliosis presents a roadblock for mammalian spinal cord repair, glial cells in zebrafish elicit pro-regenerative bridging functions after injury. Here, we perform genetic lineage tracing, assessment of regulatory sequences and inducible cell ablation to define mechanisms that direct the molecular and cellular responses of glial cells after spinal cord injury in adult zebrafish. Using a newly generated CreERT2 transgenic line, we show that the cells directing expression of the bridging glial marker ctgfa give rise to regenerating glia after injury, with negligible contribution to either neuronal or oligodendrocyte lineages. A 1 kb sequence upstream of the ctgfa gene was sufficient to direct expression in early bridging glia after injury. Finally, ablation of ctgfa-expressing cells using a transgenic nitroreductase strategy impaired glial bridging and recovery of swim behavior after injury. This study identifies key regulatory features, cellular progeny, and requirements of glial cells during innate spinal cord regeneration.
The human discs large protein 1 interacts with and maintains connexin 43 at the plasma membrane in keratinocytes
Authors: Scott Harry , Dong Li , Stevenson Andrew , MacDonald Alasdair I. , Srinivasan Sharmila , Massimi Paola , Banks Lawrence , Martin Patricia E. , Johnstone Scott R. , Graham Sheila V. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Gap junction channels, composed of connexins, allow direct cell-to-cell communication. Connexin 43 (Cx43; also known as GJA1) is widely expressed in tissues, including the epidermis. In a previous study of human papillomavirus-positive cervical epithelial tumour cells, we identified Cx43 as a binding partner of the human homologue of Drosophila Discs large (Dlg1; also known as SAP97). Dlg1 is a member of the membrane associated-guanylate kinase (MAGUK) scaffolding protein family, which is known to control cell shape and polarity. Here, we show that Cx43 also interacts with Dlg1 in uninfected keratinocytes in vitro and in keratinocytes, dermal cells and adipocytes in normal human epidermis in vivo. Depletion of Dlg1 in keratinocytes did not alter Cx43 transcription but was associated with a reduction in Cx43 protein levels. Reduced Dlg1 levels in keratinocytes resulted in a reduction in Cx43 at the plasma membrane with a concomitant reduction in gap junctional intercellular communication and relocation of Cx43 to the Golgi compartment. Our data suggest a key role for Dlg1 in maintaining Cx43 at the plasma membrane in keratinocytes.
Clues on the dynamics of DNA replication in Giardia lamblia
Authors: da Silva Marcelo S. , Vitarelli Marcela O. , Viala Vincent Louis , Tsantarlis Katherine , da Silva Pires David , Franco Thiago A. , de Azevedo Inacio L. M. J. , Elias Maria Carolina , Tonelli Renata R. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Genomic replication is a critical, regulated process that ensures accurate genetic information duplication. In eukaryotic cells, strategies have evolved to prevent conflicts between replication and transcription. Giardia lamblia, a binucleated protozoan, alternates between tetraploid and octaploid genomes during its cell cycle. Using single-molecule techniques like DNA combing and nanopore-based sequencing, we investigated the spatio-temporal organization of DNA replication, replication fork progression and potential head-on replication-transcription collisions in Giardia trophozoites. Our findings indicate that Giardia chromosomes are replicated from only a few active origins, which are widely spaced and exhibit faster replication rates compared to those in other protozoan parasites. Immunofluorescence assays revealed that ∼20% of trophozoites show asynchronous replication between nuclei. Forksense and gene ontology analyses disclosed that genes in regions with potential head-on collisions are linked to chromatin dynamics, cell cycle regulation and DNA replication/repair pathways, possibly explaining the observed asynchronous replication in part of the population. This study offers the first comprehensive view of replication dynamics in Giardia, which is the pathogen that causes giardiasis, a diarrheal disease impacting millions worldwide.
A Família Está em Chamas(?): Razão de Estado, Conservadorismo e (Reconhecimento à) Diferença
Authors: Pocahy Fernando Altair , Nardi Henrique Caetano 
Published: May 2023

A ascensão de governos neoliberais e de movimentos ultraconservadores vem reforçando a heterocisnormatividade e o racismo, produzindo desigualdade e infligindo ainda mais sofrimento e riscos letais às minorias. Conjurando imposição de regimes de austeridade, limites da presença do Estado e esvaziamento da propriedade social à autorresponsabilização pela gestão da própria vida e saúde, a questão da diferença passou a ser forjada como ponto de instabilidade e ameaça a tais propósitos e pressupostos político-econômicos. Uma das consequências é a ampla circulação de discursos de ódio e desprezo pela diversidade. Este trabalho buscou, assim, compreender como então se estabelecem intersecções enunciativas entre marcadores de diferença e a racionalidade liberal na economia e conservadora nos costumes, tomando como foco a (des)articulação em torno da precarização de parentalidades e conjugalidades diversas. Os resultados desta investigação apontam que, quanto maior a densidade democrática de uma sociedade ou relação sociocultural, maiores as possibilidades de afirmação positiva da alteridade e diferença, bases importantes para a produção da saúde e da cidadania (racial, sexual, de gênero e ambiental).
Representações e Práticas Sociais em Disputa: O Trabalho Doméstico Remunerado Segundo Relatos em Rede Social
Authors: Ancillotti Caio Gracco Lima , Silva Priscilla De Oliveira Martins da 
Published: May 2023

Este estudo documental objetivou analisar as representações sociais sobre o trabalho doméstico remunerado compartilhadas na página do Facebook "Eu, Empregada Doméstica" e as práticas sociais delas decorrentes. Para tanto, foram coletados 276 relatos, que compuseram o corpus submetido a uma Classificação Hierárquica Descendente no software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaire (IRaMuTeQ). Os resultados indicaram a existência de cinco classes, denominadas: "Perspectivas", "Trajetórias", "Regras da Cozinha", "Relações de Trabalho" e "Tarefas". As análises demonstraram haver um dissenso representacional, caracterizado pelo confronto de uma perspectiva negativa sobre a profissão, em que as regras, as tarefas e as relações interpessoais estabelecidas eram marcadas por práticas de violência, e outra de caráter positivo, que consistia na afirmação identitária e na busca de uma realidade distinta da vivenciada enquanto trabalhadora doméstica. Concluiu-se, então, que os relatos divulgados retratam a disputa entre representações sociais hegemônicas, associadas ao cotidiano de trabalho, e representações sociais de oposição, manifestadas nas denúncias expostas pelas profissionais na rede social, sinalizando a presença de um movimento, em espaço digital, que visa transformar a realidade ainda negativa da profissão.
Suporte Familiar, Traço/Estado Depressivo e Motivos para Viver em Usuários da Atenção Primária/Secundária
Authors: Dorta Mirela Alves de Oliveira , Pallini Ana Celi , Baptista Makilim Nunes 
Published: May 2023

A depressão pode ser desenvolvida, agravada e/ou prevenida em função de alguns fatores como suporte familiar e motivos para viver, além da possibilidade de ser concebida como traço e estado depressivo. O objetivo principal desta pesquisa foi testar um modelo teórico preditivo (path analysis) do suporte familiar sobre traço/estado depressivo e sobre os motivos para viver, em uma amostra de 123 participantes, composta por dois grupos: pacientes do CAPS-AD e da ESF e, posteriormente, verificar as diferenças desses aspectos na amostra estudada. Foram aplicados uma ficha sociodemográfica, a Escala Baptista de Depressão - Adulto (EBADEP-A), Inventário de Percepção de Suporte Familiar (IPSF), Escala de Traço e Estado Depressivo (ETED) e Escala Brasileira de Motivos para Viver (BEMVIVER). O resultado da path analysis indicou que os motivos para viver são explicados pelo estado e traço depressivo e pelo suporte familiar. Os pacientes do CAPS-AD, tinham maiores níveis de sintomatologia depressiva e estado depressivo do que o grupo do ESF. Pacientes do ESF apresentaram médias maiores de suporte familiar e motivos para viver. Conclui-se que investir em estratégias que potencializem os motivos para viver e o suporte familiar podem reduzir os riscos de sintomatologia depressiva.
Study protocol for the epigenetic characterization of angor pectoris according to the affected coronary compartment: Global and comprehensive assessment of the relationship between invasive coronary physiology and microRNAs
Authors: Matute-Blanco Lucía , Fernández-Rodríguez Diego , Casanova-Sandoval Juan , Belmonte Thalía , Benítez Iván D. , Rivera Kristian , Garcia-Guimaraes Marcos , Cortés Villar Carlos , Peral Disdier Vicente , Millán Segovia Raúl , Barriuso Ignacio , de Gonzalo-Calvo David , Barbé Ferran , Worner Fernando 
Published: May 2023

Background
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding RNAs involved in post-transcriptional genetic regulation with a proposed role in intercellular communication. miRNAs are considered promising biomarkers in ischemic heart disease. Invasive physiological evaluation allows a precise assessment of each affected coronary compartment. Although some studies have associated the expression of circulating miRNAs with invasive physiological indexes, their global relationship with coronary compartments has not been assessed. Here, we will evaluate circulating miRNAs profiles according to the coronary pattern of the vascular compartment affectation.

Study and design
This is an investigator-initiated, multicentre, descriptive study to be conducted at three centres in Spain (NCT05374694). The study will include one hundred consecutive patients older than 18 years with chest pain of presumed coronary cause undergoing invasive physiological evaluation, including fractional flow reserve (FFR) and index of microvascular resistance (IMR). Patients will be initially classified into four groups, according to FFR and IMR: macrovascular and microvascular affectation (FFR≤0.80 / IMR≥25), isolated macrovascular affectation (FFR≤0.80 / IMR<25), isolated microvascular affectation (FFR>0.80 / IMR ≥25) and normal coronary indexes (FFR>0.80 / IMR<25). Patients with isolated microvascular affectation or normal indexes will also undergo the acetylcholine test and may be reclassified as a fifth group in the presence of spasm. A panel of miRNAs previously associated with molecular mechanisms linked to chronic coronary syndrome will be analysed using RT-qPCR.

Conclusions
The results of this study will identify miRNA profiles associated with patterns of coronary affectation and will contribute to a better understanding of the mechanistic pathways of coronary pathology.
Waning vaccine response to severe COVID-19 outcomes during omicron predominance in Thailand
Authors: Intawong Kannikar , Chariyalertsak Suwat , Chalom Kittipan , Wonghirundecha Thanachol , Kowatcharakul Woravut , Thongprachum Aksara , Chotirosniramit Narain , Noppakun Kajohnsak , Khwanngern Krit , Teacharak Worachet , Piamanant Prapon , Chantaklang Pannawich , Khammawan Pimpinan 
Published: May 2023

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has evolved quickly, with different variants of concern resulting in the need to offer continued protection through booster vaccinations. The duration of enhanced protection with booster doses against severe COVID-19 is still unclear. Understanding this is critical to recommendations on the frequency of future booster doses.

Methods
Utilising a Hospital Information System for COVID-19 established in Chiang Mai, Thailand, we conducted a cohort study by linking patient-level data of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases to the national immunization records, during the omicron predominant period (1 February– 31 July 2022).

Results
Out of 261,103 adults with COVID-19 included in the study, there were 333 (0.13%) severe COVID-19 cases and 190 (0.07%) deaths. Protection against severe COVID-19 was highest with boosters received >14–60 days prior to positive test (93%) and persisted at >60–120 days (91%) but started to wane at >120–180 days (77%) and further at >180 days (68%). The rate of waning differed with age. Those ≥70 years showed faster waning of booster vaccine responses as compared to those aged 18–49 years, who retained good responses up to 180 days. Equivalent risk reduction against severe COVID-19 was seen with all the vaccine types used as boosters in Thailand.

Conclusions
Booster doses provided high levels of protection against severe COVID-19 with omicron, up to 4 months. Repeat boosters will be required to continue protection beyond 4 months, particularly in the elderly. mRNA and viral vector vaccines can be used flexibly to improve booster coverage.