bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Directed differentiation of human hindbrain neuroepithelial stem cells recapitulates cerebellar granule neurogenesis
Authors: Dave Biren M. , Chen Xin , McCready Fraser , Tailor Jignesh K. , Ellis James , Huang Xi , Dirks Peter B. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCerebellar granule neurons (CGNs) are the most abundant neurons in the human brain and modulate cerebellar output to the motor cortex. Dysregulation of CGN development underlies movement disorders and medulloblastomas. It is suspected that these disorders arise in progenitor states of the CGN lineage, for which human models are lacking. Here, we have differentiated human hindbrain neuroepithelial stem (hbNES) cells to CGNsin vitrousing soluble growth factors, recapitulating key progenitor states in the lineage. We show that hbNES cells are not lineage committed and retain rhombomere 1 (r1) regional identity. Upon differentiation, hbNES cells first transit through a rhombic lip (RL) progenitor state at day 7, demonstrating human specific sub-ventricular cell identities. This RL state is followed by an ATOH1+CGN progenitor state at day 14. By the end of a 56-day differentiation procedure, we obtain mature neurons expressing CGN markers GABAAa6 and vGLUT2. These neurons generate spontaneous and evoked action potentials. A small fraction of endpoint neurons were unipolar brush cells (UBC). We noted maintenance of a RL population throughout differentiation, as is consistent with human development. We show that sonic hedgehog (SHH) promotes γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic lineage specification and is a positive regulator of CGN progenitor proliferation. Interestingly, we observed that functional neuronal maturation is impaired by either elevated or absent SHH signaling. Impaired maturation under high SHH levels represents the potential of our system to model cerebellar tumorigenesis. Further, our data suggest a potential pro-differentiation role of SHH within a certain concentration range. Our work is, to our knowledge, the first detailed temporal characterization of the complete human CGN lineagein vitro. Our system recapitulates developmentally relevant progenitor states and is a new tool to model this specific cerebellar lineage, and how it may be disrupted to cause human disease.
Engineering and characterization of carbohydrate-binding modules to enable real-time imaging of cellulose fibrils biosynthesis in plant protoplasts
Authors: Jayachandran Dharanidaran , Smith Peter , Irfan Mohammad , Sun Junhong , Yarborough John M. , Bomble Yannick J. , Lam Eric , Chundawat Shishir P.S. 
Published: January 2023

SummaryCarbohydrate binding modules (CBMs) are non-catalytic domains associated with cell wall degrading carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) that are often present in nature tethered to distinct catalytic domains (CD). Fluorescently labeled CBMs have been also used to visualize the presence of specific polysaccharides present in the cell wall of plant cells and tissues.Previous studies have provided a qualitative analysis of CBM-polysaccharide interactions, with limited characterization of optimal CBM designs for recognizing specific plant cell wall glycans. Furthermore, CBMs also have not been used to study cell wall regeneration in plant protoplasts.Here, we examine the dynamic interactions of engineered type-A CBMs (from families 3a and 64) with crystalline cellulose-I and phosphoric acid swollen cellulose (PASC). We generated tandem CBM designs to determine their binding parameters and reversibility towards cellulose-I using equilibrium binding assays. Kinetic parameters - adsorption (kon) and desorption (koff) rate constants-for CBMs towards nanocrystalline cellulose were determined using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D). Our results indicate that tandem CBM3a exhibits a five-fold increased adsorption rate to cellulose compared to single CBM3a, making tandem CBM3a suitable for live-cell imaging applications. We next used engineered CBMs to visualizeArabidopsis thalianaprotoplasts with regenerated cell walls using wide-field fluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).In summary, tandem CBMs offer a novel polysaccharide labeling probe for real-time visualization of growing cellulose chains in living Arabidopsis protoplasts.
A simple and efficientin plantatransformation method based on the active regeneration capacity of plants
Authors: Mei Guoguo , Chen Ao , Wang Yaru , Li Shuquan , Wu Minyi , Liu Xu , Hou Xingliang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPlant genetic transformation strategies serve as essential tools for the genetic engineering and advanced molecular breeding of plants. However, the complicated operational protocol and low efficiency of the current transformation strategies restrict the genetic modification of most plant species. This paper describes the development of aRegenerativeActivity-dependentinPlantaInjectionDelivery (RAPID) method based on the active regeneration capacity of plants. In this method,Agrobacterium tumefacienswas delivered to plant meristems via injection for inducing transfected renascent tissues. Stable transgenic plants were obtained by subsequent vegetative propagation of the positive renascent tissues. The method was successfully applied for the transformation of plants with strong regeneration capacity, including different genotypes of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), potato (Solanum tuberosum), and bayhops (I. pes-caprae). Compared to the traditional transformation methods, RAPID has a markedly high transformation efficiency (up to ~ 40%), shorter duration (less than 4 weeks), and does not require tissue culture procedures. The RAPID method therefore overcomes the limitations of traditional methods for achieving rapidin plantatransformation, and can be potentially applied to a wide range of plant species that are capable of active regeneration.
Chronic social stress blunts core body temperature and molecular rhythms ofRbm3andCirbpin mouse lateral habenula
Authors: Haniffa Salma , Narain Priyam , Hughes Michelle Ann , Petković Aleksa , Šušić Marko , Mlambo Vongai , Chaudhury Dipesh 
Published: January 2023

AbstractChronic social stress in mice causes behavioral and physiological changes that result in perturbed rhythms of body temperature, activity and sleep-wake cycle. To further understand the link between mood disorders and temperature rhythmicity in mice that are resilient or susceptible to stress, we measured core body temperature (Tcore) before and after exposure to chronic social defeat stress (CSDS). We found that Tcore amplitudes of stress-resilient and susceptible mice are dampened during exposure to CSDS. However, following CSDS, resilient mice recovered temperature amplitude faster than susceptible mice. Furthermore, the interdaily stability (IS) of temperature rhythms was fragmented in stress-exposed mice during CSDS, which recovered to control levels following stress. There were minimal changes in locomotor activity after stress exposure which correlates with regular rhythmic expression ofProk2- an output signal of the suprachiasmatic nucleus. We also determined that expression of thermosensitive genesRbm3andCirbpin the lateral habenula (LHb) were blunted 1-day after CSDS. Rhythmic expression of these genes recovered 10 days later. Overall, we show that CSDS blunts Tcore and thermosensitive gene rhythms. Tcore rhythm recovery is faster in stress-resilient mice, butRbm3andCirbprecovery is uniform across the phenotypes.
Photomanipulation of minimal synthetic cells: area increase, softening and interleaflet coupling of membrane models doped with azobenzene-lipid photoswitches
Authors: Aleksanyan Mina , Grafmüller Andrea , Crea Fucsia , Georgiev Vasil N. , Yandrapalli Naresh , Block Stephan , Heberle Joachim , Dimova Rumiana 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLight can effectively interrogate biological systems in a reversible and physiologically compatible manner with high spatiotemporal precision. Understanding the biophysics of photo-induced processes in bio-systems is crucial for achieving relevant clinical applications. Employing membranes doped with the photolipid azobenzene-phosphatidylcholine (azo-PC), we provide a holistic picture of light-triggered changes in membrane kinetics, morphology and material properties obtained from correlative studies on cell-sized vesicles, Langmuir monolayers, supported lipid bilayers and molecular dynamics simulations. Light-induced membrane area increase as high as ∼25% and a 10-fold decrease in the membrane bending rigidity is observed upontrans-to-cisazo-PC isomerization associated with membrane leaflet coupling and molecular curvature changes. Vesicle electrodeformation measurements and atomic force microscopy reveal thattransazo-PC bilayers are thicker than POPC bilayer but have higher specific membrane capacitance and dielectric constant suggesting an increased ability to store electric charges across the membrane. Lastly, incubating POPC vesicles with azo-PC solutions resulted in the insertion of azo-PC in the membrane enabling them to become photoresponsive. All these results demonstrate that light can be used to finely manipulate the shape, mechanical and electric properties of photolipid-doped minimal cell models and liposomal drug carriers, thus, presenting a promising therapeutic alternative for the repair of cellular disorders.
Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis Reveals APEX1 as a Potential Biomarker for Septic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Pu Junxing , Gao Fan , He Ying 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundA severe threat to human health is septic cardiomyopathy (SCM), a condition with high morbidity and fatality rates throughout the world. However, effective treatment targets are still lacking. Therefore, it is necessary and urgent to find new therapeutic targets of SCM.MethodsWe obtained gene chip datasets GSE79962, GSE53007 and GSE13205 from the GEO database. After data normalization, GSE79962 was used as the training set and screened for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Then, the module genes most related to SCM were identified via weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). The potential target genes of SCM were obtained by intersection of DEGs and WGCNA module genes. We further performed Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) function and pathway enrichment analyses on these genes. In addition, potential biomarkers were screened using machine learning algorithms and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was then used to explore the mechanisms underlying the involvement of potential biomarkers. Finally, we validated the obtained potential biomarkers in test sets (GSE53007 and GSE13205).ResultsA total of 879 DEGs were obtained by differential expression analysis. WGCNA generated 2939 module genes significantly associated with SCM. The intersection of the two results produced 479 potential target genes. Enrichment analysis showed that these genes were involved in the positive regulation of protein kinase A signaling, histone deacetylase activity and T cell receptor signaling pathway, etc. Then, the results of machine learning algorithm and ROC analysis revealed that NEIL3, APEX1, KCNJ14 and TKTL1 had good diagnostic efficacy. GSEA results showed that these genes involved in signaling pathways mainly enriched in base excision repair and glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis pathways, etc. Notably, APEX1 was significantly up-regulated in the SCM groups of the two test sets and the AUC (area under curve) > 0.85.ConclusionsOur study identified NEIL3, APEX1, KCNJ14 and TKTL1 may play important roles in the pathogenesis of SCM through integrated bioinformatics analysis, and APEX1 may be a novel biomarker with great potential in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of SCM in the future.
The Potential of the Primitive: a Network Analysis of Early Arthropod Evolution
Authors: Ostachuk Agustín 
Published: January 2023

2AbstractIt is often thought that the primitive is simpler, and that the complex is generated from the simple by some process of self-assembly or self-organization, which ultimately consists of the spontaneous and fortuitous collision of elementary units. This idea is included in the Darwinian theory of evolution, to which is added the competitive mechanism of natural selection. To test this view, we studied the early evolution of arthropods. Twelve groups of arthropods belonging to the Burgess Shale, Orsten Lagerstätte, and extant primitive groups were selected, their external morphology abstracted and codified in the language of network theory. The analysis of these networks through different network measures (network parameters, topological descriptors, complexity measures) was used to carry out a PCA and a hierarchical clustering, which allowed us to obtain an evolutionary tree with distinctive/novel features. The analysis of centrality measures revealed that these measures decreased throughout the evolutionary process, and led to the creation of the concept of evolutionary developmental potential. This potential, which measures the capacity of a morphological unit to generate changes in its surroundings, is concomitantly reduced throughout the evolutionary process, and shows that the primitive is not simple but has a potential that unfolds during this process. This means for us the first evolutionary empirical evidence of our theory of evolution as a process of unfolding.3TeaserPrimitive is not simple but has a potential that unfolds throughout the evolutionary process.
Contacts on LinkedIn: equity crowdfunding platforms' networks and creators' innovation performance
Authors: Graziano Elvira Anna , Fattobene Lucrezia , Giovando Guido , Pellicelli Annaclaudia 
Published: January 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore whether and how the innovation performance of start-ups and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) that collect funds using equity crowdfunding (EC), i.e. creators (or proponents), and the EC performance are influenced by the social media networks (SMNs) in which EC platforms' managers and firms exchange their ideas with investors and customers.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical analysis is conducted on a sample composed by all the creators that collected funds in EC platforms over the three-year period 2018–2020. For each creator, the innovation performance is computed as the percentage of sales from new or significantly improved product and services compared to total sales of firm. For each campaign, the EC performance is considered as the ratio between the total amount of funding raised at the end of the campaign and the target capital for the campaign. To investigate EC platform social media activity, LinkedIn profiles of EC platforms managers are analyzed using the social network analysis (SNA) methodology, which permits to observe the quantity and the quality of managers' interactions with other users. A regression analysis is thus performed to observe the relationship between managers' LinkedIn activities, EC performance and creators' innovation performance.FindingsData reveal that EC platforms managers display different activities in networking, with some individuals more active than others and more oriented to interact with business profiles rather than personal ones. The variables related to managers' LinkedIn activities are shown to impact both on the EC performance and on the ability of creators to innovate, suggesting the existence of a link between creators, EC platforms and the activity of the subject who manages it.Originality/valueThe present study is the first to examine the link between the ability of creators to innovate and SMNs, focusing on the social links of platforms managers and considering the LinkedIn social media; moreover, the analysis is conducted analyzing the quality of the interactions in addition to their number. The study is original also in that rather than focusing on specific EC platforms it considers all those purposefully authorized by the Italian financial market supervisory authority over a three-year time span. From a managerial point of view, the observation of the relevance of social networks by personnel with specific professional skills reveals it can be a successful driver for operators in the sector, not only to safeguard their reputation, but to stimulate the processes of co-creation of value that is essential in the crowdfunding market.
Decoding the employee influencer on social media: applying Taylor’s six segment message strategy wheel
Authors: Jacobson Jenna , Gomes Rinaldi Adriana , Rudkowski Janice 
Published: January 2023

Purpose
The paper aims to examine how employees influence their employer’s brand by applying Taylor’s (1999) six segment message strategy wheel in an employee influencer context.

Design/methodology/approach
The research uses a content analysis of employees’ public social media posts – including captions and images – to analyze the message strategies employees use to promote their employers.

Findings
While ego and social were popular message strategies in both the images and captions, the findings evidence the varying message strategies employees use in text-based versus image-based messages. Four “imagined audiences” of employee influencers are identified: current customers, prospective customers, current employees and prospective employees.

Research limitations/implications
The research provides insight into how employees act as influencers in building their employer brand on social media.

Practical implications
A unique measurement tool is developed that can be used by companies and future researchers to decode employees’ online communications.

Originality/value
This research contributes to theory and practice in the following important ways. First, the research provides a modernization of an existing framework from an offline setting to an applied industry context in an online setting. Second, this research focuses on a subtype of social media influencer, the employee influencer, which is an underdeveloped area of research. Third, a unique measurement tool to analyze text-based and image-based social media data is developed that can be used by companies and future researchers to decode employees’ online communications.
Corporate social responsibility and corporate interlocks: Fortune 500 companies’ performance on the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Lee Dasom 
Published: January 2023

Purpose
The role that corporations play in environmental and social sustainability has become increasingly important due to their size and embeddedness in our everyday lives. This study aims to examine the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate interlocks for the Fortune 500 companies.

Design/methodology/approach
To collect data, various sources were used including data web scraped from US Securities and Exchange Commission, Bloomberg ESG, ASSET4, Carbon Disclosure Project and data from each companies’ websites. To measure CSR, this paper uses an original United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) index, and to measure corporate interlocks, it uses the Bonacich centrality score and has a sample of 401 companies. To account for missing data, Bayesian multiple imputation was used. For the final analysis, linear regression analysis was conducted, for which all the assumptions are met.

Findings
The findings show that for most SDGs, corporate interlocks is an important predictor, but not for all SDGs. In other words, they indicate that corporate centrality remains to be an important variable in most aspects of CSR, but a more nuanced approach is required.

Originality/value
This paper uses the SDGs to provide a granular perspective of CSR, which is stronger and more methodologically rigorous compared to the existing metrics of CSR. Consequently, it provides an original insight into the corporate interlocks literature, which has not been empirically researched using granular CSR data.
Revisiting the determinants of happiness from a grounded theory approach
Authors: Singh Kamlesh , Saxena Gaurav , Mahendru Mandeep 
Published: January 2023

Purpose
This study aims to examine the lay notions of happiness and determine the factors that influence one’s experience of happiness.

Design/methodology/approach
This study used a qualitative technique to understand better how happiness is conceptualised. This study uses a purposive sample to select a diverse and representative sample (N = 357). Participants responded to an open-ended questionnaire designed to elucidate their understanding of happiness. The data is analysed using grounded theory and a bottom-up approach.

Findings
Happiness is defined as a harmonious state where the individual’s physiological and psychological needs are satisfied in the past, present and future, leading them to live a meaningful and contented life. However, several factors may affect an individual’s level of happiness. Family and friends; health and wellness; personal and professional successes; recreation and personal traits all contributed to the feeling of happiness. On the other hand, factors impeding happiness include unfavourable surroundings, work and play impediments, strained relationships and undesirable behavioural characteristics. The authors compare and contrast these findings to the current empirical literature and hypotheses.

Originality/value
Despite the substantial study, no uniform definition of happiness exists. The existing body of knowledge is dominated by western viewpoints, which are not necessarily congruent with their eastern counterparts. This study presents a thorough and culturally unique understanding of happiness. This understanding would enable academics, policymakers and educators to develop successful policies that promote happiness. Additionally, this study aid future researchers to develop new measures that enable cross-regional and cross-national comparisons of happiness dynamics
Exploring the consequence of information communication technology-enabled work during non-working hours: a stress perspective
Authors: Wong George Yui-Lam , Kwok Ron Chi-Wai , Zhang Shanshan , Lai Gabriel Chun-Hei , Li Yanyan , Cheung Jessica Choi-Fung 
Published: January 2023

PurposeThis study aims to examine the impact of information communication technology-enabled work during non-working hours (ICT-enabled WNWHs), as a source of stress, on employee behavioral outcomes –in-role job performance, organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) that benefit organizations and OCBs that benefit individuals, through emotional responses – work exhaustion, nonwork exhaustion and organization-based self-esteem. As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdowns demonstrated that employees frequently engage in ICT-enabled WNWHs, studying stress induced by ICT-enabled WNWHs is essential for understanding employee adaptation to the work-from-home trend that emerged from COVID-19 lockdowns.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative survey comprising 1,178 employees in China was conducted, and the data reliability and validity were confirmed. Partial least squares structural equation modeling analysis was employed to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe study results empirically proved that, although ICT-enabled WNWHs had significant effects on employee behavioral outcomes, the related emotional responses were the mediators of the stress transmission mechanism that directly affected employee behavioral outcomes. Notably, work exhaustion and organization-based self-esteem partially mediate the stress transmission mechanism, while nonwork exhaustion exerts a full mediating effect.Originality/valueThis study proposes the stress transmission mechanism of ICT-enabled WNWHs and delineates emotional responses regarding the work environment attributes of ICT-enabled WNWHs, an approach rarely seen in prior IS studies. To our best knowledge, this study is the first to identify and empirically demonstrate organization-based self-esteem as one among the emotional responses to ICT-enabled WNWHs. Furthermore, it expands understanding of the holistic impacts of ICT-enabled WNWHs, which is lacking in information systems (IS) literature.