bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved bounds on the bosonic dark matter with pulsars in the Milky Way
Authors: Liang Dicong , Shao Lijing 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Neutron stars (NSs) can be used to constrain dark matter (DM) since a
NS can transform into a black hole (BH) if it captures sufficient DM particles
and exceeds the Chandrasekhar limit. We extend earlier work and for the first
time take into account the Galactic motion of individual NSs, which changes the
amount of the captured DM by as large as one to two orders of magnitude. We
systematically apply the analysis to 413 NSs in the Milky Way, and constrain the
DM particle mass and its interaction with nucleon simultaneously. We find that
the most stringent bound is placed by a few NSs and the bound becomes stronger after considering the Galactic motion.
The survival of observed NSs already
excludes a cross section σ

nX ≳ 10-45 cm2 for DM
particles with mass from 100 MeV to 103 GeV. Especially
for a mass around 10 GeV, the constraint on the cross section is as
stringent as σ

nX ≲ 10-49 cm2.
Revisiting the thermodynamics of the BTZ black hole with a variable gravitational constant*
Authors: Bai 白 Yan-Ying 艳英 , Chen 陈 Xuan-Rui 宣瑞 , Xu 许 Zhen-Ming 震明 , Wu 吴 Bin 滨 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The thermodynamics of BTZ black holes are revisited with a variable gravitational constant. A new pair of conjugated thermodynamic variables are introduced, including the central charge C and chemical potential μ. The first law of thermodynamics and the Euler relationship, instead of the Smarr relationship in the extended phase space formalism, are matched perfectly in the proposed formalism. Compatible with the standard extensive thermodynamics of an ordinary system, the black hole mass is verified to be a first order homogeneous function of the related extensive variables, and restores the role of internal energy. In addition, the heat capacity has also resulted in a first order homogeneous function using this formalism, and asymptotic behavior is demonstrated at the high temperature limit. The non-negativity of the heat capacity indicates that the rotating and charged BTZ black holes are thermodynamically stable.
Towards a muon scattering tomography system for both low-Z and high-Z materials
Authors: Chen Jiahui , Li Huiling , Li Yiyue , Liu Pingcheng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Muon scattering tomography (MST) is a non-destructive
technique to image various materials by utilizing cosmic ray muons
as probes. A typical MST system with a two-fold track detectors is
particularly effective in detecting high-Z materials (e.g. nuclear materials), but difficult to recognize low-Z materials
(e.g. explosive materials). In this work, we present a concept of
MST system to discriminate both low-Z and high-Z materials by
extra measuring momentum of low-energy muons with a Cherenkov
detector. A toy Monte Carlo simulation to describe detector
responses and multiple scatterings of a muon tracking through
materials is developed for statistical tests. Based on
momentum-dependent track reconstruction and image reconstruction
algorithm, we evaluate separation powers of different materials in
the system. The results show that momentum measurement of low-energy
muons and accurate track reconstruction can improve separation power
of low-Z materials significantly. This may enable the MST system
to detect both low-Z and high-Z materials with cosmic ray muons
in the whole energy range.
The impact of policy toward R&D and innovation on nuclear technology in Malaysia
Authors: Mohd Chachuli Fairuz Suzana , Mohamad Idris Faridah 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNuclear science and technology for peaceful uses successfully progressed in various areas such as industry, medicine and healthcare, food and agriculture, natural resources, energy, and nuclear safety and security, through research and development and innovation (RDI). Realizing the importance of RDI in nuclear technology as the driving force in addressing societal challenges, most countries, including Malaysia, are developing new policies to promote R&D and innovation in nuclear technology. This paper assesses the impact of the policy on the performance of R&D and innovation in nuclear technology in Malaysia from 2011-2021 using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) and Malmquist index (MI) analysis. The study used two inputs, namely RDC & Development budget (RM Million) and Operating budget (RM Million), and three outputs, namely revenue (RM Million), no. of R&D products and no. of publications. The result shows that the performance of R&D and innovation in nuclear technology is 96.70 per cent from 2011-2021. The study shows that the growth of R&D and innovation in nuclear technology decreased by 8.3 per cent for the entire study period. The technological changes decreased at 8.3 per cent, while the efficiency changes remain. The study also found that nuclear technology growth is mainly affected by technological changes due to policy changes compare to the resources provided since efficiency changes remain.
Feasibility study of Phosphor material synthesis process based on Barium halides via hydrothermal technique
Authors: Izzuddin Izura , Ahmad Fuzi Siti Aishah , Rahim Sapizah 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Barium halides based was typical host for phosphor material applied as imaging plate for computed radiography application. In this study, the host phosphor materials based on barium halides has been synthesized via hydrothermal technique. The aim of this study is to determine the feasibility of hydrothermal technique to synthesis phosphor materials. Three samples have been prepared for this study. All samples had fix Ba and Br composition but was differentiated by the third composition i. e F, Cl and I. X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique has been used to determine the crystallinity of the prepared samples while optical property was observed using photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The sharp, narrow and high intensity peaks from XRD diffractogram showed that all samples have good crystallinity. The PL spectrum indicated that the emission of all samples corresponds to blue range. This study proved that hydrothermal method was feasible for phosphor materials synthesis process based on barium halides and offered lower temperature with shorter period of heating process which is cost effective for synthesis process.
Effects of gamma rays on normal-high-density concrete
Authors: Sofiya Muhd Syazli Farah Ainin , Idris Mohd Idzat 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Concrete is one structural and shielding material used against ionising radiation. It is used in radioactive environment such as radiotherapy rooms and radioactive safe keeping. Optimise concrete is evaluated by its thickness and also course and fine aggregate. Mixture of course and fine aggregate in concrete and its grade play an important role as good radiation absorber. However, concrete with unsuitable mixture will display cracks and will cause radiation leakage which could harm the public’s health. Therefore, this research is carried out using normal concrete with high density to determine the optimal grade. Four grades of concrete were produced, with mixture of cement, water and course-fine aggregate i.e. limestone and silica sand. Attenuation coefficient is measured using gamma spectrometer NaI (Tl) and single channel analyser (SCA). Radiation source used are Cs-137 and Co-60with photon energies of 0.662 MeV, 1.173 MeV and 1.332 MeV. Calculation of attenuation coefficient for concrete with thickness of 2.6 cm, 5.2 cm, 7.8 cm, 10.4 cm dan 13 cm shows increase in attenuation coefficient (<1.0 cm-1) for each grade, namely M15, M25, M35 dan M45. The result shows optimum concrete grade is M35 as the attenuation coefficient, which is between 0.04 - 0.18 cm-1, is the lowest in comparison with the other grades. Thus normal high density concrete could be used as effective shielding material and viable.
Fire probabilistic safety assessment of control room in TRIGA PUSPATI research reactor
Authors: Hashim Zaredah , Ahmad Nasruddin Nik Qurrotu Ain , Hussain Mohd Huzair , Mohamed Faizal Kunchi , Tom Phongsakorn Prak , Karim Julia Abdul , Maskin Mazleha 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
An internal Fire Probabilistic Safety Assessment (FPSA) study was conducted in the control room of the TRIGA PUSPATI (RTP) research reactor. This study aims to determine the likelihood of a fire occurring in the control room of RTP and the probability of fire occurring after an accident loss of instrumentation and control (LOIC) to the core damage frequency (CDF) value. The quantification results of the CDF are compared between LOIC with fire-induced (LOIC-F) and without fire-induced (LOIC). A methodical strategy to identify potential fire hazards that includes the precise identification of the design area, the size of any opening compartments, the location of electrical cabinets and fire suppression systems, as well as the placement of any safety-related equipment was applied. Included is Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), which determines failure modes and designates repercussions for each scenario. This research will contribute on providing essential information on status of fire in RTP’s control room as an insight of identifying any risk of fire scenario that may occur including investigation of current fire protection system sufficiency. In addition, a core damage end state of consequences of fire after an LOIC is also presented. The result of this research can be beneficial and creating awareness to the management as well as reactor operators in case of fire in the control room of RTP.
Parallel anagenetic patterns in endemic Artemisia species from three Macaronesian archipelagos
Authors: Vitales Daniel , Guerrero Carmen , Garnatje Teresa , Romeiras Maria M , Santos Arnoldo , Fernandes Francisco , Vallès Joan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Anagenetic speciation is an important mode of evolution in oceanic islands, yet relatively understudied compared to adaptive radiation. In the Macaronesian region, three closely related species of Artemisia (i.e. A. argentea, A. thuscula and A. gorgonum) are each endemic from a single archipelago (i.e. Madeira, Canary Islands and Cape Verde, respectively), representing a perfect opportunity to study three similar but independent anagenetic speciation processes. By analysing plastid and nuclear DNA sequences, as well as nuclear DNA amount data, generated from a comprehensive sampling in all the islands and archipelagos where these species are currently distributed, we intend to find common evolutionary patterns that help us explain the limited taxonomic diversification experienced by endemic Macaronesian Artemisia. Our time-calibrated phylogenetic reconstruction suggested that divergence among the three lineages occurred in a coincidental short period of time during the Pleistocene. Haplotype and genetic differentiation analyses showed similar diversity values among A. argentea, A. thuscula and A. gorgonum. Clear phylogeographic patterns—showing comparable genetic structuring among groups of islands—were also found within the three archipelagos. Even from the cytogenetic point of view, the three species presented similarly lower genome size values compared to the mainland closely related species A. arborescens. We hypothesize that the limited speciation experienced by the endemic Artemisia in Madeira, Canary Islands and Cape Verde archipelagos could be related to their recent parallel evolutionary histories as independent lineages, combined with certain shared characteristics of seed dispersal, pollen transport and type of habitat.
Optimization of multi-enzyme cascade process for the biosynthesis of benzylamine
Authors: Wang Jinli , Dong Runan , Yin Jingxin , Liang Jianhua , Gao Haijun 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Benzylamine is a valuable intermediate in the synthesis of organic compounds such as curing agents and antifungal drugs. To improve the efficiency of benzylamine biosynthesis, we identified the enzymes involved in the multi-enzyme cascade, regulated the expression strength by using RBS engineering in Escherichia coli, and established a regeneration–recycling system for alanine. This is a cosubstrate, coupled to cascade reactions, which resulted in E. coli RARE-TP and can synthesize benzylamine using phenylalanine as a precursor. By optimizing the supply of cosubstrates alanine and ammonia, the yield of benzylamine produced by whole-cell catalysis was increased by 1.5-fold and 2.7-fold, respectively, and the final concentration reached 6.21 mM. In conclusion, we achieved conversion from l-phenylalanine to benzylamine and increased the yield through enzyme screening, expression regulation, and whole-cell catalytic system optimization. This demonstrated a green and sustainable benzylamine synthesis method, which provides a reference and additional information for benzylamine biosynthesis research.
Plato’s Laws in Musonius Rufus and Clement of Alexandria
Authors: Kondo Tomohiko 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Clement of Alexandria’s Paedagogus contains many quotations and paraphrases of Plato’s Laws. Meanwhile, it is well established that Clement’s Paedagogus owes much of its material to Musonius Rufus and that Musonius’ Discourses also sometimes make allusions to Plato’s Laws. This paper explores the intertextual relations of the three by closely analyzing some passages (especially on sexual morality and on frugal ways of living) and shows that some of the references to Plato’s Laws in Clement’s Paedagogus, though not directly drawn from Musonius, can only have been made under his influence, while Musonius himself had presumably followed the Stoic tradition of utilizing Plato’s Laws in the sphere of practical ethics.
Can wealth taxation fund public investment in a caring and sustainable economy? The case of the UK
Authors: Onaran Özlem , Oyvat Cem , Fotopoulou Eurydice 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This article develops a theoretical model integrating wealth concentration and taxation to the feminist post-Kaleckian models. We estimate the model econometrically using an instrumental variable-generalized method of moments approach for the UK. We find that an increase in the tax rate on wealth decreases wealth concentration, and has a strong positive impact on output, employment and the budget. An increase in the progressivity of income taxation by increasing the tax rate on profits and decreasing the tax rate on labour income also leads to similar results, but the effects are more modest compared to wealth taxation. Public social infrastructure investment has a high positive effect on output and productivity as well as employment and gender equality in wages and employment. Public physical infrastructure investment has also a substantial effect on output and employment, albeit creating fewer jobs for women compared to the case of social infrastructure, while productivity effects are more modest.
Hypergraph Artificial Benchmark for Community Detection (h–ABCD)
Authors: Kamiński Bogumił , Prałat Paweł , Théberge François 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The Artificial Benchmark for Community Detection (ABCD) graph is a recently introduced random graph model with community structure and power-law distribution for both degrees and community sizes. The model generates graphs with similar properties as the well-known Lancichinetti, Fortunato, Radicchi (LFR) one, and its main parameter ξ can be tuned to mimic its counterpart in the LFR model, the mixing parameter μ. In this article, we introduce hypergraph counterpart of the ABCD model, h–ABCD, which also produces random hypergraph with distributions of ground-truth community sizes and degrees following power-law. As in the original ABCD, the new model h–ABCD can produce hypergraphs with various levels of noise. More importantly, the model is flexible and can mimic any desired level of homogeneity of hyperedges that fall into one community. As a result, it can be used as a suitable, synthetic playground for analyzing and tuning hypergraph community detection algorithms.
[Received on 22 October 2022; editorial decision on 18 July 2023; accepted on 19 July 2023]
Information Avoidance and Image Concerns
Authors: Exley Christine L , Kessler Judd B 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA rich literature finds that individuals avoid information and suggests that avoidance is driven by image concerns. This paper provides the first direct test of whether individuals avoid information because of image concerns. We build on a classic paradigm, introducing control conditions that make minimal changes to eliminate the role of image concerns while keeping other key features of the environment unchanged. Data from 6,421 experimental subjects shows that image concerns play a role in driving information avoidance, but a role that is substantially smaller than one might have expected.
Evolution and Predictive Role of Plasma Alzheimer’s Disease-related Pathological Biomarkers in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Lin Junyu , Ou Ruwei , Li Chunyu , Hou Yanbing , Zhang Lingyu , Wei Qianqian , Liu Kuncheng , Jiang Qirui , Yang Tianmi , Xiao Yi , Pang Dejiang , Zhao Bi , Chen Xueping , Yang Jing , Shang Huifang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Plasma Alzheimer’s disease-related pathological biomarkers’ role in Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains unknown. We aimed to determine whether plasma Alzheimer’s disease-related biomarkers can predict PD progression. A total of 184 PD patients and 86 healthy controls were included and followed up for 5 years. Plasma phosphorylated tau181 (p-tau181), Aβ40, and Aβ42 were measured at baseline and the 1- and 2-year follow-ups using the Quanterix-single-molecule array. Global cognitive function and motor symptoms were assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part III. Genetic analyses were conducted to identify APOE and MAPT genotypes. Plasma p-tau181 levels were higher in PD than healthy controls. APOE-ε4 carriers had lower plasma Aβ42 levels and Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio. The linear mixed-effects models showed that Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores were associated with plasma p-tau181/Aβ42 ratio (β −1.719 [−3.398 to −0.040], p = .045). Higher baseline plasma p-tau181 correlated with faster cognitive decline and motor symptoms deterioration in total patients (β −0.170 [−0.322 to −0.018], p = .029; β 0.329 [0.032 to 0.626], p = .030) and APOE-ε4 carriers (β −0.318 [−0.602 to −0.034], p = .030; β 0.632 [0.017 to 1.246], p = .046), but not in the noncarriers. Higher baseline plasma Aβ40 correlated with faster cognitive decline in total patients (β −0.007 [−0.015 to −0.0001], p = .047) and faster motor symptoms deterioration in total patients (β 0.026 [0.010 to 0.041], p = .001) and APOE-ε4 carriers (β 0.044 [−0.026 to 0.049], p = .020), but not in the noncarriers. The plasma p-tau181/Aβ2 ratio monitors the cognitive status of PD. Higher baseline plasma p-tau181 and Aβ40 predict faster cognitive decline and motor symptoms deterioration in PD, especially in APOE-ε4 carriers.
Treatment Patterns and Population Characteristics of Nonpharmacological Management of Chronic Pain in the United States’ Medicare Population: A Scoping Review
Authors: Choudry Erum , Rofé Kara L , Konnyu Kristin , Marshall Brandon D L , Shireman Theresa I , Merlin Jessica S , Trivedi Amal N , Schmidt Catherine , Bhondoekhan Fiona , Moyo Patience 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Clinical practice guidelines recommend noninvasive nonpharmacological pain therapies; however, reviews that assess the literature pertaining to nonpharmacological pain management among older adults and people with long-term disabilities who are disproportionately affected by pain are lacking. This scoping review aimed to systematically map and characterize the existing studies about the receipt of noninvasive, nonpharmacological pain therapies by Medicare beneficiaries.

Research Design and Methods
We conducted a literature search in MEDLINE (PubMed), CINAHL (EBSCO), SocINDEX (EBSCO), Cochrane Library, Web of Science citation indices, and various sources of gray literature. The initial search was conducted on November 2, 2021, and updated on March 9, 2022. Two independent reviewers screened titles, abstracts, and full texts for inclusion and extracted the characteristics of the studies, studied populations, and nonpharmacological pain therapies. Data were summarized using tabular and narrative formats.

Results
The final review included 33 studies. Of these, 24 were quantitative, 7 were qualitative, and 2 were mixed-methods studies. Of 32 studies that focused on Medicare beneficiaries, 10 did not specify the Medicare type, and all but one of the remaining studies were restricted to fee-for-service enrollees. Back and neck pain and arthritis were the most commonly studied pain types. Chiropractic care (n = 19) and physical therapy (n = 17) appeared frequently among included studies. The frequency and/or duration of nonpharmacological treatment were mentioned in 13 studies. Trends in the utilization of nonpharmacological pain therapies were assessed in 6 studies but none of these studies went beyond 2008.

Discussion and Implications
This scoping review found that manipulative therapies, mainly chiropractic, have been the most widely studied approaches for nonpharmacological pain management in the Medicare population. The review also identified the need for future research that updates trend data and addresses contemporary issues such as rising Medicare Advantage enrollment and promulgation of practice guidelines for pain management.
The Experiences of Skilled Nursing Staff in Memory Care Units During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Holmes Patricia , Santurri Laura , Ewen Heidi H , Baggett Sharron 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background and Objectives
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) resulted in the need for multiple mitigation strategies. The impacts of these safety measures were felt more extremely by healthcare providers. This qualitative study focused on the experiences of staff in skilled nursing facilities, specifically in locked memory care units, during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Research Design and Methods
This study used a basic interpretive methodology. In-depth interviews were conducted with skilled nursing staff members who worked in a locked memory care unit during the 2020 calendar year. Thematic analysis was used to organize and interpret the data.

Results
A total of 11 participants provided data that resulted in themes around reasons for working on a locked memory care unit, experiences working with people who have behavioral and psychological symptoms due to dementia, training, outcomes of shared experiences, outcomes of policy changes, management support, and suggestions for a future pandemic.

Discussion and Implications
The results of this study may have implications for skilled nursing facilities with locked memory care units that continue to grapple with the realities of providing care during a pandemic. Providing appropriate training, social support, and appropriate protective equipment are among the suggestions.