bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘MORTAL FEAST’: Cannibal capitalism meets Covid‐19 in the urban Peruvian Amazon
Authors: Wilson Japhy 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis article presents a surrealist urban political ecology of cannibal capitalism in the zoonotic city. It does so through an account of the first wave of the coronavirus pandemic in Iquitos, in the Peruvian Amazon, which was the worst‐hit city in the world during this initial wave. Iquitos embodies multiple dimensions of zoonotic urbanization identified in the literature on this theme, including integration into planetary urban networks; expansion into extractive frontiers; and overcrowded housing in informal settlements in a context of crumbling infrastructures and deficient services. Drawing on extensive field research, I argue that the severity of the pandemic in the city nonetheless suggests the need for further conceptual and methodological contributions to this literature. In conceptual terms, the emergence of a clandestine market in oxygen, the shortage of which was responsible for the majority of the excess deaths in Iquitos, illustrates the constitutive role of cannibal capitalism in processes of zoonotic urbanization, as a necropolitical form of capital accumulation that devours the socioecological foundations of its own reproduction. In methodological terms, an ethnographic surrealism is required in order to adequately convey the bewildering chaos, grotesque absurdity and gothic horror of the collision between cannibal capitalism and Covid‐19 in the zoonotic city.
Class, gender and the work of working‐class women amid turbulent times
Authors: Warren Tracey , Torres Luis , Lyonette Clare , Tarlo Ruth 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe article focuses on the work of working‐class women (WCW) amid turbulent times. Its timespan is just prior to and during the Covid‐19 pandemic in the UK. The women's work, and the key skills involved, are fundamental to everyday lives, but both have been under‐valued and under‐rewarded. The pandemic shone a fresh light on the societal importance of this work and highlighted how its under‐valuation and the women's systemic low pay and inferior working conditions have serious ramifications not only for individual workers and their families but for the provision of key services. The article centres WCW, at the intersection of classed and gendered disadvantage, to ask about inequalities in work experiences. Analysing nationally representative samples of thousands of workers in the UK prior to and as Covid‐19 rolled out, we compare WCW with other workers. We show that the women faced both persistent and new inequalities at work: enduring low earnings, pandemic‐led risks to jobs and paid hours, little opportunity to work from home or flexibly, and stressful key working roles. We reveal the heavily classed nature of some of these findings, show that others were more strongly gendered, while still others were classed and gendered outcomes that require intersectional analyses of the women's working lives.
Is There a Diminishing Benefit With Increasing Operative Time of Minimally Invasive Sacrocolpopexy? A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Schlussel Maura A. , Rhodes Stephen P. , Wherley Susan D. , Bretschneider C. Emi , Gupta Ankita , Sheyn David 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo determine whether there is an operative time threshold beyond which minimally invasive sacrocolpopexy (MI‐SCP) is less beneficial than abdominal sacrocolpopexy (ASCP).DesignRetrospective analysis.SettingThe National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database.PopulationPatients undergoing MI‐SCP or ASCP from 2011 to 2018.MethodsPreoperative characteristics, operative variables and 30‐day postoperative data were collected for each case. Groups were compared using the chi‐squared or Kruskal–Wallis tests. Multivariable regression to identify risks of complications and prolonged hospital stay was performed using logistic and negative binomial models. Generalised additive models were applied to account for non‐linear relationships between dependent and independent variables.Main Outcome MeasuresOccurrence of any major surgical complications and the length of stay.Results13 678 sacrocolpopexies were performed, with the majority (78.6%) being MI‐SCP. Although the groups were similar in age and BMI, those undergoing ASCP were more likely to have medical comorbidities. After adjusting for confounders, ASCP was not significantly associated with an increase in the probability of major complications compared to MI‐SCP (aOR = 1.59, 95% CI: 0.99–2.54) and there was no significant interaction between procedure and operative time (aOR = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.94–1.20). ASCP was still associated with a prolonged LOS (aIRR = 2.19, 95% CI: 2.00–2.38). The interaction between procedure and operative time was significant (aIRR = 0.958, 95% CI: 0.93–0.98), but the LOS for MI‐SCP never exceeded that of ASCP for operative times less than 6 h.ConclusionsFor surgeries lasting less than 6 h, MI‐SCP is associated with similar morbidity and a shorter LOS when compared with ASCP.
Too Far From Relatives? Impact of the Genetic Distance on the Success of Exon Capture in Phylogenomics
Authors: Lemarcis Thomas , Blin Amandine , Cariou Marie , Derzelle Alessandro , Farhat Sarah , Fedosov Alexander , Zaharias Paul , Zuccon Dario , Puillandre Nicolas 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe exon capture approach allows for sequencing a large number of loci to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships at varying taxonomic levels. In order to efficiently recover the targeted loci, the probes designed to capture the exons need to be genetically sufficiently similar to bind to the DNA, with a proposed limit of 10% of divergence. However, this threshold has never been tested with a specific protocol. We have designed a set of probes to capture 1125 exons in the Neogastropoda (Mollusca, Gastropoda), processed with the same protocol from the field to the DNA sequencing to control for potential bias in DNA quantity and quality. We sequenced 30 different species, including 14 species of Neogastropoda and 16 species of Caenogastropoda non‐Neogastropoda. Each species includes five specimens, for a total of 150 specimens, and for four specimens among the 150, DNA extracts were aliquoted in four samples, sequenced separately, to estimate the intraspecific and intraspecimen variability in capture success. Our results confirm the impact of genetic distance on the success of exon capture with a negative linear correlation between the genetic distance and the number of exons captured for each sample. Consequently, designing new capture probes would allow for capturing exons in genetically more distant groups without the need to redesign a new set of exons.
Elective peri‐operative management of adults taking glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists, glucose‐dependent insulinotropic peptide agonists and sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitors: a multidisciplinary consensus statement
Authors: El‐Boghdadly Kariem , Dhesi Jugdeep , Fabb Philippa , Levy Nicholas , Lobo Dileep N. , McKechnie Andrew , Mustafa Omar , Newland‐Jones Philip , Patel Anil , Pournaras Dimitri J. , Clare Ken , Dhatariya Ketan 
Published: January 2025

SummaryIntroductionGlucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists, dual glucose‐dependent insulinotropic peptide receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitors are used increasingly in patients receiving peri‐operative care. These drugs may be associated with risks of peri‐operative pulmonary aspiration or euglycaemic ketoacidosis. We produced a consensus statement for the peri‐operative management of adults taking these drugs.MethodsThis multidisciplinary consensus statement included surgeons, anaesthetists, physicians, pharmacists and people with lived experience relevant to these guidelines. Following the directed literature review, a three‐round modified Delphi process was conducted to generate and ratify recommendations.ResultsPatients taking glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists and dual glucose‐dependent insulinotropic peptide receptor agonists should: continue these drugs before surgery; have full risk assessment and stratification; and receive peri‐operative techniques that may mitigate risk of pulmonary aspiration before, during and after sedation or general anaesthesia. Patients taking sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitors should omit them the day before and the day of a procedure. All patients should have risks and mitigation strategies discussed with a shared decision‐making approach.DiscussionUntil more evidence becomes available, this pragmatic, multidisciplinary consensus statement aims to support shared decision‐making and improve safety for patients taking glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists, dual glucose‐dependent insulinotropic peptide receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitors during the peri‐operative period.
Patterns of Screen Time From Ages 2 to 6–7 Years in South Brazil: A Prospective Study
Authors: Amaral de Andrade Leão Otávio , Flores Thaynã Ramos , de Oliveira Nava Daniela , Soares Pedro San Martin , Murray Joseph , Domingues Marlos Rodrigues , Hallal Pedro Curi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundScreen use has become nearly universal, especially in children. Therefore, it is important not only to comprehend its effects on health but also to understand its patterns of use. We aim to describe screen use patterns among children assessed at 2, 4, and 6–7 years, based on device, period of the day, and child/family characteristics.MethodsLongitudinal study, with participants of the 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort, a population‐based study including all living newborns in the city of Pelotas between 1 January and 31 December 2015. Child/family characteristics used in the study were sex, skin color, family income, and maternal education. Screen time at 2 years was evaluated by TV time. At age 4, TV time and other screens (computer and videogames) was assesed. At 6–7 years, screen use was collected for each device (TV, smartphone, tablet/iPad, computer, and videogames).ResultsAt 2, 4, and 6–7 years, 1420, 3963, and 3857 had valid screen time data, respectively. Mean total screen time ranged from ~ 2.5 h per day at age 2 to ~ 5.5 h per day at age 6–7. At 2 years, no difference in screen time was found according to child/family characteristics. In general, boys presented higher screen time values at 4 and 6–7 years. No differences for ethnicity were observed. For family income and maternal education, the extreme groups presented higher use. Higher values of screen time were also observed during the evening and for children who did not attend school nor had home activities during the Covid‐19 pandemic.ConclusionsThe results suggest that children are exceeding current screen time guidelines, with different patterns of use according to child/family characteristics. The high use of screens and more concentrated use during the evenings raise concern considering its possible negative effects on health.
Genetic Underpinnings of Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia
Authors: Feng Yanting , Liu Wensheng , Dong Junbo , Lu Fei , Wu Chunyan , Shao Qingting , Duan Aizhu , Yang Xinjie , Sun Ruipeng , Sha Yanwei , Wu Shihao , Wei Xiaoli 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTOligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT) is a frequent but severe type of male infertility. As one of the most multifaceted male infertility resulting from sperm problems, its genetic etiology remains unknown in most cases. In this review, we systematically sort out the latest literature on clinical reports and animal models leading to OAT, summarise the expression profiles of causative genes for OAT, and highlight the important role of the protein transport system during spermiogenesis, spermatid cell‐specific genes, Golgi and acrosome‐related genes, manchette‐related genes, HTCA‐related genes, and axoneme‐related genes in OAT development. These causative genes would be instrumental in genetic etiological screening, genetic counseling, and pre‐implantation genetic testing of patients with clinical OAT.
The Effect of Exercise on Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics of a Single Dose of Unfractionated Heparin—A Randomized, Controlled, Crossover Study
Authors: Stuhr Liva K. , Feinberg Joshua B. , Christoffersen Thea , Dimopoulos Konstantinos , Christensen Mikkel B. , Sonne David P. , Riis Troels , Plomgaard Peter S. , Goetze Jens P. , Larsen Emil L. , Karstoft Kristian 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTExercise increases blood and lymph flow in working muscles, potentially affecting the bioavailability and effect of subcutaneously administered drugs. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of a single exercise session on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a single dose of subcutaneously administered unfractionated heparin. In a crossover design, 15 healthy males underwent four experimental days where 15,000 IU of unfractionated heparin was injected subcutaneously into the thigh of the non‐dominant leg. Following the injection, one of four interventions was performed in randomized order on four separate occasions, each lasting 1 h: (1) no exercise, (2) double‐legged exercise, (3) single‐legged exercise with the non‐dominant leg (where heparin was injected), and (4) single‐legged exercise with the dominant leg. Blood was sampled during and after the interventions and analyzed for activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and plasma heparin via an anti‐factor Xa assay. The primary endpoint (maximum aPTT minus baseline aPTT) showed no statistically significant differences between interventions, nor did maximum minus baseline plasma heparin activities. However, after 1 h, change in aPTT was greater, following double‐legged exercise compared with no exercise (mean difference 3.5 s, 95% CI 0.8–6.2) and greater after single‐legged exercise with the non‐dominant leg compared with the dominant (9.7 s, 3.9–15.5). Similar results were observed for plasma heparin activities. In conclusion, exercise does not affect the overall pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of unfractionated heparin but tends to accelerate absorption and hence effect. The study thus underscores that physical exercise affects temporal uptake of subcutaneously administered therapy.
Blue Nevus‐Like Metastatic Melanoma in a Patient With Primary Lentigo Maligna Melanoma
Authors: Fernandez Kristen , Modi Mitul B. , Speiser Jodi J. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMetastatic melanoma with unusual histopathology can be diagnostically challenging. One exceptionally rare cutaneous manifestation of metastases is blue‐nevus‐like metastatic melanoma (BNLMM). A 74‐year‐old male presented with a blue‐gray lesion on his left helix in the same anatomical region of a previously resected lentigo maligna. Histopathological sections demonstrated an atypical biphasic proliferation of dendritic melanocytes with pigment incontinence and epidermal sparing, measuring > 0.05 mm in diameter. Although the majority of the cell population exhibited cytologic features consistent with a blue nevus, there was a subset of dendritic cells with irregular epithelioid contours and rare, typical dermal mitotic figures. Sections showed an increased Mart‐1/Ki67 rate. Perineural and angiotropic involvement by the atypical melanocytes was identified. Immunohistochemical (IHC) stains for SOX‐10, HMB45, and PRAME highlighted melanocytic proliferation. BAP‐1 IHC was retained, and p16 IHC showed complete loss. No previous procedure site changes were present, indicating that the dendritic cell proliferation was separated from the primary invasive melanoma by normal dermis. The histopathological and immunohistochemical findings led to a diagnosis of microsatellite BNLMM. We report this case to highlight the importance of this rare entity and to avoid misdiagnosis of BNLMM, which would significantly impact patient prognosis, treatment, follow‐up, and outcomes.
Impact of TCF7L2 rs7903146 on clinical presentation and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Hansen Aleksander L. , Andersen Mette K. , Engelhard Leonie M. , Brøns Charlotte , Hansen Torben , Nielsen Jens S. , Vestergaard Peter , Højlund Kurt , Jessen Niels , Olsen Michael H. , Thomsen Reimar W. , Vaag Allan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimsTCF7L2 rs7903146 is the most impactful single genetic risk variant for type 2 diabetes. However, its role on disease progression, complications and mortality among people with type 2 diabetes at diagnosis remains unclear.Materials and MethodsWe assessed the per allele impact of the rs7903146 T‐allele on clinical characteristics and complication risk in 9231 individuals with type 2 diabetes at diagnosis and over a 10‐year follow‐up period. Log‐binomial and robust Poisson regression analyses were used to estimate prevalence ratios for clinical characteristics and macro‐ and microvascular complications at diabetes onset, while Cox regression was applied to estimate the risk of complications post‐diagnosis. Analyses were adjusted for sex, calendar year at birth, age at enrollment and diabetes duration.ResultsThe per T‐allele impact was associated with 0.6 kg/m2 (95% CI: 0.4, 0.8) lower BMI, 1.4 cm (95% CI: 1.0, 1.8) smaller waist circumference, 5.6% (95% CI: 4.2, 7.0) lower insulin secretion and 5.0% (95% CI: 3.3, 6.7) higher insulin sensitivity. Over 10 years, the per T‐allele impact was associated with lower risks for major adverse cardiovascular events (0.87 [95% CI 0.79, 0.95]), myocardial infarction (0.82 [95% CI: 0.72, 0.93]) and heart failure (0.85 [95% CI 0.73, 1.00]), with no significant impact on microvascular complications.ConclusionsThe TCF7L2 variant is associated with less obesity, lower insulin secretion and higher insulin action at diabetes onset, and decreased risk of cardiovascular events following type 2 diabetes onset.
An Experimental Study on Design and Fabrication of Sports Laminate Mouthguard for Protection Against Intraoral Injuries
Authors: Mizuhashi Fumi , Watarai Yuko , Mizuhashi Ryo , Suzuki Tatsuhiro , Kawana Momoka , Nagata Kotono , Niitsuma Tomonori 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground/AimSports mouthguard should be designed and fabricated adequately. The purpose was to propose a criterion for fabricating sports laminate mouthguard with adequate thickness for protect orofacial structures.Materials and MethodsEthylene vinyl acetate sheet (Sports Mouthguard) was fabricated using a pressure former. Sports laminate mouthguard was designed as the first layer covered the labial, buccal, and occlusal sides, and the second layer covered the first layer. Four conditions were investigated; the combination of the sheets forming the first and second layers was 2 mm and 3 mm sheets (2 mm + 3 mm), 3 mm and 2 mm sheets (3 mm + 2 mm), 2 mm and 4 mm sheets (2 mm + 4 mm), and 4 mm and 2 mm sheets (4 mm + 2 mm). Laminate mouthguard thickness was measured at the labial, buccal, and occlusal sides. Statistical analyses were performed by two‐way ANOVA and Bonferroni method for the measurement areas and laminate conditions.ResultsLaminate mouthguard thickness was significantly differed among the measurement areas (p < 0.01). The average thickness at the labial side was 2.83 mm (2 mm + 3 mm), 2.89 mm (3 mm + 2 mm), 3.51 mm (2 mm + 4 mm), and 3.53 mm (4 mm + 2 mm). Mouthguard thickness on the conditions of 2 mm + 4 mm and 4 mm + 2 mm became significantly larger compared to 2 mm + 3 mm and 3 mm + 2 mm at the labial, buccal, and occlusal sides (p < 0.01). Adequate thickness could be obtained on the conditions of 2 mm + 4 mm and 4 mm + 2 mm.ConclusionsSports laminate mouthguard fabricated using 2 mm sheet with 4 mm sheet could offer adequate thickness at the labial, buccal, and occlusal sides. This finding would be one of the criteria for fabricating sports laminate mouthguard.
Impact of Trial Eligibility Criteria on Outcomes of 1183 Patients With Follicular Lymphoma Treated in the Real‐World Setting
Authors: Bennedsen Tine Litske , Simonsen Mikkel Runason , Jensen Paw , Brown Peter , Josefsson Pär , Khurana Arushi , Maurer Matthew , Clausen Michael Roost , Dessau‐Arp Andriette , Jørgensen Jennifer Bøgh , Jørgensen Judit , Larsen Thomas Stauffer , Pedersen Lars Møller , Jakobsen Lasse Hjort , El‐Galaly Tarec Christoffer 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe development of new first‐line treatments for patients with follicular lymphoma (FL) is becoming increasingly challenging due to already excellent survival outcomes. The present study investigated the outcomes of patients with FL who underwent contemporary first‐line therapies but would not have been eligible for inclusion in recent trials and explored how commonly used in/exclusion criteria impacted their survival outcomes. This study included adult patients diagnosed with FL in the period 2000–2018 registered in the Danish Lymphoma Registry. Through searches on ClinicalTrials.gov, four recent 1st line phase 3 randomized controlled trials with R‐Bendamustine, R‐CVP, and/or R‐CHOP as control or experimental arms were included. Inclusion and exclusion criteria for each trial were retrieved and categorized. Patients were then divided into trial‐eligible and ineligible groups according to blood test results correlated to organ function and ECOG performance score (PS). Survival outcomes were significantly worse among trial‐ineligible patients, with adjusted differences between trial‐eligible and ineligible patients of 12%–20% in five‐year overall survival (OS) overall. Inclusion criteria based on PS and renal function were the main drivers of OS differences. More inclusive trials will lead to faster recruitment and secure focus on developing medicines for the group of patients with the worst outcomes.
Periodic and Aperiodic Components of Subthalamic Nucleus Activity Reflect Different Aspects of Motor Impairment in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Sayfulina Ksenia , Filyushkina Veronika , Usova Svetlana , Gamaleya Anna , Tomskiy Alexey , Belova Elena , Sedov Alexey 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTExcessive beta oscillations in the subthalamic nucleus are established as a primary electrophysiological biomarker for motor impairment in Parkinson's disease and are currently used as feedback signals in adaptive deep brain stimulation systems.However, there is still a need for optimization of stimulation parameters and the identification of optimal biomarkers that can accommodate varying patient conditions, such as ON and OFF levodopa medication. The precise boundaries of ‘pathological’ oscillatory ranges, associated with different aspects of motor impairment, are still not fully clarified. In this study, we hypothesized that analysing periodic and aperiodic components of subthalamic nucleus activity separately and identifying functionally distinct subranges within 8–35 Hz based on oscillatory properties may reveal robust biomarkers for specific aspects of motor impairment. We analysed subthalamic nucleus activity of 14 patients with Parkinson's disease. Local field potentials were recorded at rest from externalized electrodes postoperatively, both before and after levodopa administration. We showed that levodopa administration suppressed oscillations across a broad frequency range (11–32 Hz) and increased the slope of the aperiodic component. Changes in the aperiodic slope correlated with motor symptom alleviation. Periodic activity was linked to motor symptom severity: Peak amplitude within the 14‐ to 20‐Hz range correlated with overall motor impairment in the OFF state, whereas the 7‐ to 11‐Hz range was associated with bradykinesia in the ON state. Our findings suggest that, in addition to low beta, alpha oscillations and the aperiodic component may serve as promising biomarkers for motor impairment and potential feedback signals in adaptive DBS systems.