bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recoil Proton Telescopes and Parallel Plate Avalanche Counters for the 235U(n,f) cross section measurement relative to H(n,n)H between 10 and 450 MeV neutron energy
Authors: Manna A. , Pirovano E. , Aberle O. , Amaducci S. , Barbagallo M. , Castelluccio D.M. , Colonna N. , Console Camprini P. , Cosentino L. , Dietz M. , Ducasse Q. , Finocchiaro P. , Le Naour C. , Lo Meo S. , Mastromarco M. , Massimi C. , Mengoni A. , Milazzo P.M. , Mingrone F. , Nolte R. , Piscopo M. , Radeck D. , Spelta M. , Tassan-Got L. , Terranova N. , Vannini G. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
With the aim of measuring the 235U(n,f) cross section at the n_TOF facility at CERN
over a wide neutron energy range, a detection system consisting of two fission detectors and three
detectors for neutron flux determination was realized. The neutron flux detectors are Recoil
Proton Telescopes (RPTs), based on scintillators and solid state detectors, conceived to detect
recoil protons from the neutron-proton elastic scattering reaction. This system, along with a
fission chamber and an array of parallel plate avalanche counters for fission event detection, was
installed for the measurement at the n_TOF facility in 2018, at CERN.
An overview of the performances of two RPTs — especially developed for this measurement — and of the
parallel plate avalanche counters are described in this article. In particular, the characterization
in terms of detection efficiency by Monte Carlo simulations and response to neutron beam, the study
of the background, dead time correction and characterization of the samples, are reported. The
results of the present investigation show that the performances of these detectors are suitable for
accurate measurements of fission reaction cross sections in the range from 10 to 450 MeV.
Beam tests of a beam position monitor for ISOL operation
Authors: Kim Jongwon 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A beam position monitor (BPM) is built and tested to monitor
the stability of high intensity proton beams accelerated by a
70 MeV cyclotron for ISOL operation in the aspects of beam position
and current. The prototype BPM has four pick-up electrodes with a
length of 19 cm and uses Libera Spark™ to process
signals. It was firstly tested using a moving wire method to
calibrate beam positions and further tested when installed in the
beam line together with a beam profile monitor during beam
commissioning of the cyclotron. The prototype system produced
well-defined signals for two transverse directions with a resolution
of 0.1 mm and for beam intensity up to 600 μA. A beam-stop
signal can be issued by the readout program for the Spark when beam
instabilities evaluated by the program reach certain limits set for
each operation. The non-destructive BPM monitoring of high-current
beams will be integrated into the safety PLC after a series of ISOL
operation are carried out.
Land cover change effects from community forest management in Michoacán, Mexico
Authors: Ordóñez Pablo J , Baylis Kathy , Ramírez M Isabel 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
More than half of Mexico’s forests and about a third of the forests of the world are communally owned. Despite this, community forest management (CFM) is the least studied forest management policy, and existing studies have focused on the effects of CFM on deforestation. In this paper, we evaluate the effect of CFM on land cover more broadly, to understand how CFM affects a community’s land use decisions. Mexico’s forestry administration mandates that to legally sell timber, communities must adopt forest management plans designed by a certified forester. In this study, we use differential access to foresters to identify the effect of community management on land cover and deforestation. We find that over time communities that adopt management plans see relatively more primary forest, a limited expansion of the agricultural frontier, and a decrease in deforestation. The decrease in deforestation is economically significant since the economic benefits from the avoided CO2 emissions alone could far outweigh the costs of adopting the management plans.
Emergent complex quantum networks in continuous-variables non-Gaussian states
Authors: Walschaers Mattia , Sundar Bhuvanesh , Treps Nicolas , Carr Lincoln D , Parigi Valentina 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We use complex network theory to study a class of photonic continuous variable quantum states that present both multipartite entanglement and non-Gaussian statistics. We consider the intermediate scale of several dozens of modes at which such systems are already hard to characterize. In particular, the states are built from an initial imprinted cluster state created via Gaussian entangling operations according to a complex network structure. We then engender non-Gaussian statistics via multiple photon subtraction operations acting on a single node. We replicate in the quantum regime some of the models that mimic real-world complex networks in order to test their structural properties under local operations. We go beyond the already known single-mode effects, by studying the emergent network of photon-number correlations via complex networks measures. We analytically prove that the imprinted network structure defines a vicinity of nodes, at a distance of four steps from the photon-subtracted node, in which the emergent network changes due to photon subtraction. We show numerically that the emergent structure is greatly influenced by the structure of the imprinted network. Indeed, while the mean and the variance of the degree and clustering distribution of the emergent network always increase, the higher moments of the distributions are governed by the specific structure of the imprinted network. Finally, we show that the behaviour of nearest neighbours of the subtraction node depends on how they are connected to each other in the imprinted structure.
Participatory pathways to the Sustainable Development Goals: inviting divergent perspectives through a cross-scale systems approach
Authors: Collste David , Aguiar Ana Paula D , Harmáčková Zuzana V , Galafassi Diego , Pereira Laura M , Selomane Odirilwe , van Der Leeuw Sander 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) include social and ecological goals for humanity. Navigating towards reaching the goals requires the systematic inclusion of perspectives from a diversity of voices. Yet, the development of global sustainability pathways often lacks perspectives from the Global South. To help fill this gap, this paper introduces a participatory approach for visioning and exploring sustainable futures - the Three Horizons for the Sustainable Development Goals (3H4SDG). 3H4SDG facilitates explorations of (a) systemic pathways to reach the SDGs in an integrated way, and (b) highlights convergences and divergences between the pathways. We illustrate the application of 3H4SDG in a facilitated dialogue bringing together participants from four sub-regions of Africa: West Africa, Central Africa, East Africa, and Southern Africa. The dialogue focused on food and agricultural systems transformations. The case study results incorporate a set of convergences and divergences in relation to the future of urbanization, population growth, consumption, and the role of agriculture in the African economy. These were subsequently compared with the perspectives in global sustainability pathways, including the shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs). The study illustrates that participatory approaches that are systemic and highlight divergent perspectives represent a promising way to link local aspirations with global goals.
The potential of in vitro neuronal networks cultured on micro electrode arrays for biomedical research
Authors: Cerina Marta , Piastra Maria Carla , Frega Monica 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

In vitro neuronal models have become an important tool to study healthy and diseased neuronal circuits. The growing interest of neuroscientists to explore the dynamics of neuronal systems and the increasing need to observe, measure and manipulate not only single neurons but populations of cells pushed for technological advancement. In this sense, micro-electrode arrays (MEAs) emerged as a promising technique, made of cell culture dishes with embedded micro-electrodes allowing non-invasive and relatively simple measurement of the activity of neuronal cultures at the network level. In the past decade, MEAs popularity has rapidly grown. MEA devices have been extensively used to measure the activity of neuronal cultures mainly derived from rodents. Rodent neuronal cultures on MEAs have been employed to investigate physiological mechanisms, study the effect of chemicals in neurotoxicity screenings, and model the electrophysiological phenotype of neuronal networks in different pathological conditions. With the advancements in human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) technology, the differentiation of human neurons from the cells of adult donors became possible. hiPSCs-derived neuronal networks on MEAs have been employed to develop patient-specific in vitro platforms to characterize the pathophysiological phenotype and to test drugs, paving the way towards personalized medicine. In this review, we first describe MEA technology and the information that can be obtained from MEA recordings. Then, we give an overview of studies in which MEAs have been used in combination with different neuronal systems (i.e. rodent 2D and three-dimensional (3D) neuronal cultures, organotypic brain slices, hiPSCs-derived 2D and 3D neuronal cultures, and brain organoids) for biomedical research, including physiology studies, neurotoxicity screenings, disease modeling, and drug testing. We end by discussing potential, challenges and future perspectives of MEA technology, and providing some guidance for the choice of the neuronal model and MEA device, experimental design, data analysis and reporting for scientific publications.
Results of the Eighth Scientific Workshop of ECCO: Diagnosing Postoperative Recurrence of Crohn’s Disease After an Ileocolonic Resection With Ileocolonic Anastomosis
Authors: Dragoni Gabriele , Allocca Mariangela , Myrelid Pär , Noor Nurulamin M , Hammoudi Nassim ,   Eighth Scientific Workshop of the European Crohn’s and Colitis Organisation, Rivière Pauline , Ferrante Marc , Panis Yves , Pouillon Lieven , Mañosa Míriam , Savarino Edoardo , Allez Matthieu , Kapizioni Christina , Arebi Naila , Carvello Michele , De Vries Annemarie C , Domènech Eugeni , Bislenghi Gabriele , Verstockt Bram , Brown Steven , Cunha Melissa Oliveira , Bemelman Willem , Pellino Gianluca , Kotze Paulo Gustavo , Rivière Pauline , Panis Yves , Ferrante Marc 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Despite the introduction of potent biologic therapies, many patients with Crohn’s disease [CD] still require an ileocolonic resection [ICR] during the course of their disease. Furthermore, the need of redo ICR has not decreased over the past few decades, highlighting the need for better strategies to prevent and treat postoperative recurrence [POR]. The first step to develop such a strategy would be to define and standardise the description of POR with adequate diagnostic instruments. In this article, we will describe the different methodologies used to report POR [endoscopic, histological, radiological, biochemical, clinical, and surgical], and review their potential benefits and limitations, as well as the optimal timing of evaluation.
Total neoadjuvant treatment for MRI-stratified high-risk rectal cancer: a single-center, single-arm, prospective Phase II trial (PKUCH-R02)
Authors: Chen Peng-Ju , Wang Lin , Sun Ting-Ting , Yao Yun-Feng , Peng Yi-Fan , Zhao Jun , Zhan Tian-Cheng , Leng Jia–Hua , Cai Yong , Li Yong-Heng , Zhang Xiao-Yan , Sun Ying-Shi , Li Zhong-Wu , Wang Wei-Hu , Wu Ai-Wen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Induction chemotherapy combined with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy has been recommended for patients with high-risk, locally advanced rectal cancer. However, the benefit of more intensive total neoadjuvant treatment (TNT) is unknown. This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of induction chemotherapy combined with chemoradiotherapy and consolidation chemotherapy for magnetic resonance imaging-stratified high-risk rectal cancer.

Methods
This was a single-center, single-arm, prospective Phase II trial in Peking University Cancer Hospital (Beijing, China). Patients received three cycles of induction oxaliplatin and capecitabine (CapeOX) followed by chemoradiotherapy and two cycles of consolidation CapeOX. The primary end point was adverse event rate and the second primary end points were 3-year disease-free survival rate, completion of TNT, and pathological downstaging rate.

Results
Between August 2017 and August 2018, 68 rectal cancer patients with at least one high risk factor (cT3c/3d/T4a/T4b, cN2, mesorectal fascia involvement, or extramural venous invasion involvement) were enrolled. The overall compliance of receiving the entire treatment was 88.2% (60/68). All 68 patients received induction chemotherapy, 65 received chemoradiotherapy, and 61 received consolidation chemotherapy. The Grade 3–4 adverse event rate was 30.8% (21/68). Nine patients achieved clinical complete response and then watch and wait. Five patients (7.4%) developed distant metastasis during TNT and received palliative chemotherapy. Fifty patients underwent surgical resection. The complete response rate was 27.9%. After a median follow-up of 49.2 months, the overall 3-year disease-free survival rate was 69.7%.

Conclusions
For patients with high-risk rectal cancer, this TNT regimen can achieve favorable survival and complete response rates but with high toxicity. However, it is necessary to pay attention to the possibility of distant metastasis during the long treatment period.
Reassessing the productivity of enslavement on large-scale plantations and small farms in Brazilian cotton production (c.1750–c.1810)
Authors: Melo Felipe Souza , Martins Diego de Cambraia 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This article compares the two largest raw cotton regions in Brazil between the 1750s and the 1810s. Through the analysis of new data on cotton export records and parish records, we argue that the high pattern of ownership of enslaved people, together with the organization of labour, the specialization in cotton and the cultivation of short fibres, made enforced labour more productive in Maranhão. In turn, the low pattern of ownership of enslaved people and food production, together with the cultivation of long and fine fibres of cotton made it less productive in the North-East. Yet the enormous manpower working on small farms in the North-East grew cotton at quantities close to the productive large-scale plantations in Maranhão.
GA signaling protein LsRGL1 interacts with the abscisic acid signaling-related gene LsWRKY70 to affect the bolting of leaf lettuce
Authors: Chen Li , Liu Chaojie , Hao Jinghong , Fan Shuangxi , Han Yingyan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A variety of endogenous hormone signals, developmental cues, and environmental stressors can trigger and promote leaf lettuce bolting. One such factor is gibberellin (GA), which has been linked to bolting. However, the signaling pathways and the mechanisms that regulate the process have not been discussed in full detail. To clarify the potential role of GAs in leaf lettuce, significant enrichment of GA pathway genes was found by RNA-seq, among which the LsRGL1 gene was considered significant. Upon overexpression of LsRGL1, a noticeable inhibition of leaf lettuce bolting was observed, whereas its knockdown by RNA interference led to an increase in bolting. In situ hybridization analysis indicated a significant accumulation of LsRGL1 in the stem tip cells of overexpressing plants. Leaf lettuce plants stably expressing LsRGL1 were examined concerning differentially expressed genes through RNA-seq analysis, and the data indicated enhanced enrichment of these genes in the ‘plant hormone signal transduction’ and ‘phenylpropanoid biosynthesis’ pathways. Additionally, significant changes in LsWRKY70 gene expression were identified in COG (Clusters of Orthologous Groups) functional classification. The results of yeast one-hybrid, β-glucuronidase (GUS), and biolayer interferometry (BLI) experiments showed that LsRGL1 proteins directly bind to the LsWRKY70 promoter. Silencing LsWRKY70 by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) can delay bolting, regulate the expression of endogenous hormones, abscisic acid (ABA)-linked genes, and flowering genes, and improve the nutritional quality of leaf lettuce. These results strongly associate the positive regulation of bolting with LsWRKY70 by identifying its vital functions in the GA-mediated signaling pathway. The data obtained in this research are invaluable for further experiments concerning the development and growth of leaf lettuce.
Two-step model of paleohexaploidy, ancestral genome reshuffling and plasticity of heat shock response in Asteraceae
Authors: Kong Xiangming , Zhang Yan , Wang Ziying , Bao Shoutong , Feng Yishan , Wang Jiaqi , Yu Zijian , Long Feng , Xiao Zejia , Hao Yanan , Gao Xintong , Li Yinfeng , Ding Yue , Wang Jianyu , Lei Tianyu , Xu Chuanyuan , Wang Jinpeng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAn ancient hexaploidization event in the most but not all Asteraceae plants, may have been responsible for shaping the genomes of many horticultural, ornamental, and medicinal plants that promoting the prosperity of the largest angiosperm family on the earth. However, the duplication process of this hexaploidy, as well as the genomic and phenotypic diversity of extant Asteraceae plants caused by paleogenome reorganization, are still poorly understood. We analyzed 11 genomes from 10 genera in Asteraceae, and redated the Asteraceae common hexaploidization (ACH) event ~70.7–78.6 million years ago (Mya) and the Asteroideae specific tetraploidization (AST) event ~41.6–46.2 Mya. Moreover, we identified the genomic homologies generated from the ACH, AST and speciation events, and constructed a multiple genome alignment framework for Asteraceae. Subsequently, we revealed biased fractionations between the paleopolyploidization produced subgenomes, suggesting the ACH and AST both are allopolyplodization events. Interestingly, the paleochromosome reshuffling traces provided clear evidence for the two-step duplications of ACH event in Asteraceae. Furthermore, we reconstructed ancestral Asteraceae karyotype (AAK) that has 9 paleochromosomes, and revealed a highly flexible reshuffling of Asteraceae paleogenome. Of specific significance, we explored the genetic diversity of Heat Shock Transcription Factors (Hsfs) associated with recursive whole-genome polyploidizations, gene duplications, and paleogenome reshuffling, and revealed that the expansion of Hsfs gene families enable heat shock plasticity during the genome evolution of Asteraceae. Our study provides insights on polyploidy and paleogenome remodeling for the successful establishment of Asteraceae, and is helpful for further communication and exploration of the diversification of plant families and phenotypes.
Back to the Future: Attempts to Buy, Swap, and Annex Territories in Contemporary Sovereignty Practices
Authors: Berg Eiki , Kursani Shpend 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis article examines recent Great Powers’ revisionist attempts at challenging the post–World War II norm of territorial integrity. These attempts may invigorate sovereignty claims in the old-time fashion of buying, swapping, or annexing territories. We show that recent dynamics in international politics speak a language that challenges the status quo consensus in territorial matters. While the article focuses mainly on the evidence during the period of Trump presidency, it concludes that this is not only about “Trump just being Trump.” The article shows that despite changes in domestic power in the United States, no changes in, or challenges to, Trump's decisions and proposals regarding territorial revisionisms have taken place. With several brief illustrative examples on board, the article tries to assess how the contemporary international order based on fixed territorial entities and inviolability of borders is contrasted by representations manifested in contemporary sovereignty practices.
Cerebral white matter rarefaction has both neurodegenerative and vascular causes and may primarily be a distal axonopathy
Authors: Beach Thomas G , Sue Lucia I , Scott Sarah , Intorcia Anthony J , Walker Jessica E , Arce Richard A , Glass Michael J , Borja Claryssa I , Cline Madison P , Hemmingsen Spencer J , Qiji Sanaria , Stewart Analisa , Martinez Kayleigh N , Krupp Addison , McHattie Rylee , Mariner Monica , Lorenzini Ileana , Kuramoto Angela , Long Kathy E , Tremblay Cécilia , Caselli Richard J , Woodruff Bryan K , Rapscak Steven Z , Belden Christine M , Goldfarb Danielle , Choudhury Parichita , Driver-Dunckley Erika D , Mehta Shyamal H , Sabbagh Marwan N , Shill Holly A , Atri Alireza , Adler Charles H , Serrano Geidy E 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Cerebral white matter rarefaction (CWMR) was considered by Binswanger and Alzheimer to be due to cerebral arteriolosclerosis. Renewed attention came with CT and MR brain imaging, and neuropathological studies finding a high rate of CWMR in Alzheimer disease (AD). The relative contributions of cerebrovascular disease and AD to CWMR are still uncertain. In 1181 autopsies by the Arizona Study of Aging and Neurodegenerative Disorders (AZSAND), large-format brain sections were used to grade CWMR and determine its vascular and neurodegenerative correlates. Almost all neurodegenerative diseases had more severe CWMR than the normal control group. Multivariable logistic regression models indicated that Braak neurofibrillary stage was the strongest predictor of CWMR, with additional independently significant predictors including age, cortical and diencephalic lacunar and microinfarcts, body mass index, and female sex. It appears that while AD and cerebrovascular pathology may be additive in causing CWMR, both may be solely capable of this. The typical periventricular pattern suggests that CWMR is primarily a distal axonopathy caused by dysfunction of the cell bodies of long-association corticocortical projection neurons. A consequence of these findings is that CWMR should not be viewed simply as “small vessel disease” or as a pathognomonic indicator of vascular cognitive impairment or vascular dementia.
Language games meet multi-agent reinforcement learning: A case study for the naming game
Authors: Van Eecke Paul , Beuls Katrien , Botoko Ekila Jérôme , Rădulescu Roxana 
Published: April 2023

AbstractToday, computational models of emergent communication in populations of autonomous agents are studied through two main methodological paradigms: multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) and the language game paradigm. While both paradigms share their main objectives and employ strikingly similar methods, the interaction between both communities has so far been surprisingly limited. This can to a large extent be ascribed to the use of different terminologies and experimental designs, which sometimes hinder the detection and interpretation of one another’s results and progress. Through this paper, we aim to remedy this situation by (1) formulating the challenge of re-conceptualising the language game experimental paradigm in the framework of MARL, and by (2) providing both an alignment between their terminologies and an MARL−based reformulation of the canonical naming game experiment. Tackling this challenge will enable future language game experiments to benefit from the rapid and promising methodological advances in the MARL community, while it will enable future MARL experiments on learning emergent communication to benefit from the insights and results gained through language game experiments. We strongly believe that this cross-pollination has the potential to lead to major breakthroughs in the modelling of how human-like languages can emerge and evolve in multi-agent systems.