bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Confined Tri‐Functional FeOx@MnO2@SiO2 Flask Micromotors for Long‐Lasting Motion and Catalytic Reactions
Authors: Yang Yangyang , Shi Lei , Lin Jingkai , Zhang Panpan , Hu Kunsheng , Meng Shuang , Zhou Peng , Duan Xiaoguang , Sun Hongqi , Wang Shaobin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractH2O2‐fueled micromotors are state‐of‐the‐art mobile microreactors in environmental remediation. In this work, a magnetic FeOx@MnO2@SiO2 micromotor with multi‐functions is designed and demonstrated its catalytic performance in H2O2/peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation for simultaneously sustained motion and organic degradation. Moreover, this work reveals the correlations between catalytic efficiency and motion behavior/mechanism. The inner magnetic FeOx nanoellipsoids primarily trigger radical species (•OH and O2•−) to attack organics via Fenton‐like reactions. The coated MnO2 layers on FeOx surface are responsible for decomposing H2O2 into O2 bubbles to provide a propelling torque in the solution and generating SO4•− and •OH for organic degradation. The outer SiO2 microcapsules with a hollow head and tail result in an asymmetrical Janus structure for the motion, driven by O2 bubbles ejecting from the inner cavity via the opening tail. Intriguingly, PMS adjusts the local environment to control over‐violent O2 formation from H2O2 decomposition by occupying the Mn sites via inter‐sphere interactions and enhances organic removal due to the strengthened contacts and Fenton‐like reactions between inner FeOx and peroxides within the microreactor. The findings will advance the design of functional micromotors and the knowledge of micromotor‐based remediation with controlled motion and high‐efficiency oxidation using multiple peroxides.
Highly conductive fiber with design of dual conductive Ag/CB layers for ultrasensitive and wide‐range strain sensing
Authors: Niu Ben , Yang Su , Yang Yiyi , Hua Tao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRecently the ever‐increasing demand for wearable electronics has greatly triggered the development of flexible strain sensors. However, it is still challenging to simultaneously achieve high sensitivity, wide working range, and good wearability. Herein, we developed a highly stretchable fiber strain sensor based on wet‐spun porous polyurethane (PU) fiber, and especially a unique conductive network of dual silver (Ag)/carbon black (CB) layers is constructed. Under strain, the rapid crack propagation on the brittle Ag layer brings a large resistance change and thus high sensitivity, while the tunneling‐effect dominated CB layer bridges the separated Ag islands to maintain the integrity of conductive pathways under large strain. By means of the synergistic effect of Ag/CB layers, this composite fiber of Ag/CB@PU presents not only high conductivity of 5139.9 S/m, but also ultrahigh sensitivity with a gauge factor of 2.52 × 106 and a wide working range of up to 200%. Besides that, it is also capable of detecting very tiny strain of 0.1% and working stably for over 8000 cycles. Using mature weaving technology, this fiber strain sensor can be seamlessly integrated into the textile to conformally track different movements of the human body. Together with the facile all‐solution‐based fabrication protocol, this work proposed a new strategy to prepare high‐performance fiber strain sensor, promising the textile‐based wearable applications.
Fetal endoscopic tracheal occlusion for congenital diaphragmatic hernia: systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Chen Y. , Xu R. , Xie X. , Wang T. , Yang Z. , Chen J. 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTObjectiveIt is debated whether fetal endoscopic tracheal occlusion (FETO) is beneficial to fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and whether FETO has different effects in moderate and severe CDH. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis including the latest evidence to assess the overall effects of FETO on clinical outcomes of CDH.MethodsWe searched PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science and Technology Journal Database and Wanfang Database to retrieve eligible studies published before 8 September 2022. No language or study design restrictions were applied. Studies were included if CDH fetuses underwent FETO surgery and were compared with a cohort that underwent expectant management, with at least one outcome reported. The primary outcomes were mortality at 1, 6 and 12 months after birth, rates of pulmonary hypertension, use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and prematurity. Meta‐analysis was conducted to obtain pooled odds ratios (ORs) and mean differences. The quality of included studies and pooled evidence was also assessed.ResultsA total of 1187 CDH fetuses from 20 studies were included in the quantitative synthesis. FETO significantly reduced 1‐month (OR, 0.56 (95% CI, 0.34–0.93); P = 0.02, number needed to treat (NNT) = 7.67) and 6‐month (OR, 0.34 (95% CI, 0.18–0.65); P = 0.0009, NNT = 5.26) CDH mortality (moderate/low quality of evidence). Subgroup analysis suggested that the effects of FETO on the rates of pulmonary hypertension and ECMO usage were significant in severe CDH (low/moderate quality of evidence) but not in moderate CDH (low/very low quality of evidence). FETO was also associated with an increased risk of preterm prelabor rupture of membranes before 37 weeks' gestation (OR, 4.94 (95% CI, 2.25–10.88); P < 0.0001, number needed to harm (NNH) = 3.13) and preterm birth before 37 weeks (OR, 5.24 (95% CI, 3.33–8.23); P < 0.00001, NNH = 2.79) (high/moderate quality of evidence). However, FETO was not associated with severe complications, such as preterm birth before 32 weeks, placental abruption or chorioamnionitis (very low/low quality of evidence).ConclusionsFETO is associated with a reduction in mortality, rate of pulmonary hypertension and ECMO usage in severe CDH, while it reduces only the risk of mortality in moderate CDH. Although FETO increases the risk of late prematurity, it does not result in extreme prematurity. © 2023 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Improvement of polyvinyl alcohol/casein blend film properties by adding cellulose nanocrystals
Authors: Sahin Duygu , Aksoy (Golshaei) Pelin (Parisa) , Ucpinar Durmaz Bedriye , Aytac Ayse 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study aims to prepare and examine the properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)/casein (PVA/CAS) based films reinforced with cellulose nanocrystals (NC), which can be presented as an alternative to petroleum‐based polymer packaging materials. PVA/CAS and 0.5–1–3–5 wt% NC containing PVA/CAS biocomposite films were prepared by solution casting method. Afterward, the 1NC film, which exhibited the best mechanical properties, was crosslinked with various amounts of glyoxal. Structural, morphological (polarized optical microscope), mechanical (tensile), thermal (differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis), contact angle, and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) properties of the samples were investigated. The 1NC film exhibited the highest tensile strength (TS) and elongation values in PVA/CAS/NC films, and its mechanical properties decreased due to agglomeration with increasing NC amount. As expected, crosslinking improved the TS. The thermal stability of the PVA/CAS film was generally improved with the addition of NC and crosslinking. The high WVTR value of the PVA/CAS film decreased with the addition of NC and the 1NC film presented the lowest value. Thanks to the complex structure formed as a result of crosslinking and the reduced free volume, the WVTR of the 1NC film has reduced. The results showed that PVA/CAS‐based films with good mechanical properties and water vapor barrier are promising as packaging materials.
Celestial recursion
Authors: Hu Yangrui , Pasterski Sabrina 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We examine the BCFW recursion relations for celestial amplitudes and how they inform the celestial bootstrap program. We start by recasting the celestial incarnation of the BCFW shift as a generalization of the action of familiar asymptotic symmetries on hard particles, before focusing on two limits: z → ∞ and z → 0. We then discuss how the celestial CFT data encodes the large-z behavior determining which shifts are allowed, while the infinitesimal limit is tied to the celestial bootstrap program via the BG equations that constrain the MHV sector. The extension to super-BCFW is also presented. We close by remarking on several open questions for future study.
Synthetic fuzzballs: a linear ramp from black hole normal modes
Authors: Das Suman , Krishnan Chethan , Kumar A. Preetham , Kundu Arnab 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We consider a black hole with a stretched horizon as a toy model for a fuzzball microstate. The stretched horizon provides a cut-off, and therefore one can determine the normal (as opposed to quasi-normal) modes of a probe scalar in this geometry. For the BTZ black hole, we compute these as a function of the level n and the angular quantum number J. Conventional level repulsion is absent in this system, and yet we find that the Spectral Form Factor (SFF) shows clear evidence for a dip-ramp-plateau structure with a linear ramp of slope ~ 1 on a log-log plot, with or without ensemble averaging. We show that this is a robust feature of stretched horizons by repeating our calculations on the Rindler wedge (times a compact space). We also observe that this is not a generic feature of integrable systems, as illustrated by standard examples like integrable billiards and random 2-site coupled SYK model, among others. The origins of the ramp can be traced to the hierarchically weaker dependence of the normal mode spectrum on the quantum numbers of the compact directions, and the resulting quasi-degeneracy. We conclude by noting an analogy between the 4-site coupled SYK model and the quartic coupling responsible for the non-linear instability of capped geometries. Based on this, we speculate that incorporating probe self-interactions will lead to stronger connections to random matrix behavior.
Complexity equals anything II
Authors: Belin Alexandre , Myers Robert C. , Ruan Shan-Ming , Sárosi Gábor , Speranza Antony J. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We expand on our results in [1] to present a broad new class of gravitational observables in asymptotically Anti-de Sitter space living on general codimension-zero regions of the bulk spacetime. By taking distinct limits, these observables can reduce to well-studied holographic complexity proposals, e.g., the volume of the maximal slice and the action or spacetime volume of the Wheeler-DeWitt patch. As with the codimension-one family found in [1], these new observables display two key universal features for the thermofield double state: they grow linearly in time at late times and reproduce the switchback effect. Hence we argue that any member of this new class of observables is an equally viable candidate as a gravitational dual of complexity. Moreover, using the Peierls construction, we show that variations of the codimension-zero and codimension-one observables are encoded in the gravitational symplectic form on the semi-classical phase-space, which can then be mapped to the CFT.
Controlling factors of phytoplankton distribution in the river–lake transition zone of a large lake
Authors: Cotte Gabriel , Soulignac Frédéric , dos Santos Correia Fabio , Fallet Matthieu , Ibelings Bastiaan Willem , Barry David Andrew , Vennemann Torsten W. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRiver–lake transition zones have been identified as major drivers of phytoplankton growth. With climate change reducing the frequency of complete lake overturns, it is expected that the Rhône River, the main tributary to Lake Geneva (France/Switzerland), will become the major source of nutrients for the lake euphotic zone. The river–lake transition zone was hence examined at the mouth of the Rhône River with the aim of understanding the complexities and controls of phytoplankton distribution in this specific deltaic ecosystem. Two field campaigns were carried out in which water samples were collected from longitudinal and transversal transects across the transition zone. These samples were analyzed for both nutrient and phytoplankton concentrations, while the fraction of Rhône River water in a lake sample was determined by the stable isotope composition of the water. The results indicate contributions in P and Si related to the Rhône intrusion into the lake. Furthermore, this river–lake transition zone appears to be a dynamic area that can locally present optimal conditions for phytoplankton growth. In early spring, a wind event broke the early and weak stratification of the lake, forcing the Rhône River and its turbidity plume to intrude deeper. Thus, this sharp drop of the turbidity within the euphotic zone allowed an increase in the phytoplankton biovolume of 44%. In early fall, outside of the turbid near field of the river mouth, the Rhône interflow, located just below the thermocline, promoted a local deep chlorophyll maximum.
Petrogenesis of thick, high-grade PGE mineralisation in the Flatreef, northern Bushveld Complex
Authors: Maier Wolfgang D. , Barnes Stephen J. , Godel Belinda M. , Grobler Danie , Smith William D. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Flatreef of the northern limb of the Bushveld Complex is a world-class platinum-group element (PGE) deposit representing the down-dip extension of the Platreef. Exploration drilling in the central portion of the project area intersected a particularly thick PGE-mineralised portion of the Flatreef exposed in drill core TMT006 and its two deflections, containing 4.5 ppm PGE (Pt + Pd + Rh + Au) over 90 m and ~ 3.7 ppm PGE over 150 m. Data obtained using whole rock geochemical analysis, field emission scanning electron microscopy, micro X-ray fluorescence and X-ray computed tomography indicate that the PGE are hosted by, or are spatially closely associated with, disseminated sulfides that occur interstitial to the cumulus silicate minerals. PGE grades show a broad, albeit irregular trend of progressive downward decrease, whereas most metal ratios (Cu/Ni, Pt/Rh, Cu/Pd and, to a lesser degree, Pt/Pd) remain broadly constant throughout the 90 m main ore zone. These features are interpreted to reflect two stages of ore formation: (i) hydrodynamic concentration of sulfidic ultramafic crystal mushes and (ii) localised downward percolation of sulfide melt in response to fluidisation of the cumulate mush caused by infiltration of ascending magmatic or crustal fluids. The model is consistent with the close spatial association of the sulfides with interstitial plagioclase as well as accessory phlogopite, quartz, apatite and rutile, whereas cumulus orthopyroxene is largely free of sulfide.
Experimental investigation of mechanical properties and energy absorption capabilities of hybrid lattice structures manufactured using fused filament fabrication
Authors: Syrlybayev Daniyar , Perveen Asma , Talamona Didier 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Hybrid lattice structures are composed of several dissimilar unit cells arranged in specific patterns. Unlike their one-phase counterparts, hybrid lattices remain relatively unexplored. In this work, novel hybrid lattice structures composed of Pillar Octahedral (PO) and Rhombic Dodecahedron (RD) lattices having variable strut diameters are arranged in different orders to form hybrid vertical piles (HVP), 2D and 3D chessboard order (HCh2D and HCh3D), are proposed, and their mechanical properties, energy absorption characteristics, and deformation modes are investigated under quasistatic compression. The empirical results indicated that the mechanical properties of hybrid lattice structures are the average of those of their parent lattices. HVP lattice structure has a high yield stress of 1.2, 2.22, and 3.54 MPa when strut diameter is 1.5, 1.75, and 2 mm respectively, and stable post-buckling region. It was also observed that hybrid lattice structures are more efficient in absorbing the energy of the deformation. When strut diameter is 1.5 mm, PO lattice structure has an efficiency of 50%, while HVP, HCh2D, and HCh3D lattices have an efficiency of about 70–80%. Finally, Gibson-Ashby models were proposed to predict the mechanical properties of lattice structures as the function of relative density.
Risk factor structure of heart failure in patients with cancer after treatment with anticancer agents’ assessment by big data from a Japanese electronic health record
Authors: Nohara Shoichiro , Ishii Kazuo , Shibata Tatsuhiro , Obara Hitoshi , Miyamoto Takanobu , Ueno Takafumi , Kakuma Tatsuyuki , Fukumoto Yoshihiro 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAs the prognosis of cancer patients has been improved, comorbidity of heart failure (HF) in cancer survivors is a serious concern, especially in the aged population. This study aimed to examine the risk factors of HF development after treatment by anticancer agents, using a machine learning-based analysis of a massive dataset obtained from the electronic health record (EHR) in Japan. This retrospective, cohort study, using a dataset from 2008 to 2017 in the Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC) database in Japan, enrolled 140,327 patients. The structure of risk factors was determined using multivariable analysis and classification and regression tree (CART) algorithm for time-to-event data. The mean follow-up period was 1.55 years. The prevalence of HF after anticancer agent administration were 4.0%. HF was more prevalent in the older than the younger. As the presence of cardiovascular diseases and various risk factors predicted HF, CART analysis of the risk factors revealed that the risk factor structures complicatedly differed among different age groups. The highest risk combination was hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and atrial fibrillation in the group aged  ≤ 64 years, and the presence of ischemic heart disease was a key in both groups aged 65–74 years and 75 ≤ years. The machine learning-based approach was able to develop complicated HF risk structures in cancer patients after anticancer agents in different age population, of which knowledge would be essential for realizing precision medicine to improve the prognosis of cancer patients.
A questionnaire-based survey on the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for patients with STIC in Germany
Authors: van der Ven Josche , Linz Valerie Catherine , Anic Katharina , Schmidt Mona Wanda , Loewe Amelie , Krajnak Slavomir , Schmidt Marcus , Kommoss Stefan , Schmalfeldt Barbara , Sehouli Jalid , Hasenburg Annette , Battista Marco Johannes 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Despite the growing understanding of the carcinogenesis of pelvic high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) of the ovary and peritoneum and its precursor lesion serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC), evidence-based proven recommendations on the clinical management of patients with STIC are lacking so far.

Methods
A questionnaire containing 21 questions was developed to explore the clinical experience with patients with the diagnosis of STICs and the diagnostic, surgical and histopathological approaches in Germany. Overall, 540 clinical heads of department in all German gynaecological centres were asked to participate.

Results
131 questionnaires (response rate 24.3%) were included in this survey. 45.8% of the respondents had treated one to three STIC patients during their career. 75.6% of the respondents performed opportunistic bilateral salpingectomies during other gynaecological surgeries. Most of the participants (31.3%) started with the SEE-FIM (Sectioning and Extensively Examining the FIMbria) protocol in 2014. It was requested by 39.7% centres for prophylactic salpingectomies, by 13.7% for both prophylactic and opportunistic salpingectomies and by 22.1% for neither of both. 38.2%, 1.5% and 24.4% of the participants would use the laparoscopic, transverse and midline laparotomic approach for a surgical staging procedure, respectively. 25.6% (54.7%) of the respondents recommended a hysterectomy in premenopausal (versus postmenopausal) patients with a STIC, 24.4% (88.4%) a bilateral oophorectomy and 50.0% (4.7%) an affected side oophorectomy (all p values < 0.001). Omentectomy, pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy would be performed by 60.5% (64.0%), 9.3% (11.6%) and 9.3% (11.6%) of respondents in premenopausal (versus postmenopausal) patients (all p values > 0.05).

Conclusion
Our survey highlights significant inconsistency in the management of patients with STIC. Prospective data are urgently needed to elucidate the clinical impact of a STIC lesion and its clinical management.
Intra and interobserver agreement of the Dynamic Imaging Grade of Swallowing Toxicity Scale (DIGEST) in fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES): the importance of observer-tailored training
Authors: Simon Sorina R. , Wieland Monse W. M. , Hendriks Charlotte , Pilz Walmari , Schindler Antonio , Winkens Bjorn , Baijens Laura W. J. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The Dynamic Imaging Grade of Swallowing Toxicity (DIGEST) is a scale to quantify the severity of pharyngeal dysphagia in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients. This study (1) described the training process of the observers for DIGEST in fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES), (2) determined observer agreement on the DIGEST in FEES, (3) explored the effect of bolus consistency on observer agreement, and 4) explored criterion validity of the DIGEST in FEES.

Methods
Twenty-seven dysphagic HNC patients were enrolled. Two observers completed a training program for DIGEST in FEES. Observer agreement on the Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS), percentage of pharyngeal residue (PPR), and DIGEST grades was determined using linearly weighted Cohen’s kappa coefficient (κ).

Results
Due to insufficient observer agreement after the first measurement attempt, additional training was organized using an elaborated manual with descriptions of the visuoperceptual variables, thereby improving observer agreement. Intraobserver agreement was almost perfect on the PAS (κ = 0.86–0.88) and PPR (κ = 0.84–0.86). Interobserver agreement was substantial on the PAS (κ = 0.78), almost perfect on the PPR (κ = 0.82), substantial on the safety grade (κ = 0.64), almost perfect on the efficiency grade (κ = 0.85), and substantial on the summary grade (κ = 0.71). Bolus consistency had an effect on observer agreement. A significant correlation was found between DIGEST efficiency grade and EAT-10.

Conclusion
The DIGEST showed to be a reproducible measurement for FEES in terms of observer agreement. However, agreement between novice observers on the DIGEST was only reached after specific observer-tailored training. Observer agreement should be analyzed by taking bolus consistency into account during training, as this might affect the interpretation of the outcome. A manual with well-defined descriptions can optimize the reproducibility of DIGEST measurements.