bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interventional Treatment of Labial Varices
Authors: Risner Victoria , McColgan Yuko , Salazar Gloria 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLabial varices are commonly seen in women with varicose veins of the pelvis. Initial management is conservative management since labial varies typically resolve, particularly in pregnant patients following delivery. Varices can be seen also in association with pelvic varices in the pelvic venous disease spectrum. Sclerotherapy is often the management. This article reviews the presentation and treatment of patients with labial varices, with a focus on interventional radiologic management.
Proposed Model to Improve Acute Stroke Care in Central India
Authors: Sharma Pankaj 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThere is an urgent need to develop a national program and allocation of resources to improve stroke care in India. Management of stroke requires a multidisciplinary approach and close collaboration not only among physicians from different specialties but also among paramedical personnel and patient transport services. Here we propose a healthcare model of providing acute stroke therapies to patients in central India to minimize the wide supply mismatch we face in providing adequate care to our patients. Observations and the proposed model presented below were based on personal experience and a review of the literature on stroke care available in central India.
Peripheral vision and challenging invisibilities
Authors: Freeth Peter Jonathan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This article presents a discussion of the theoretical and methodological challenges posed by digitization
processes and born-digital sources within translation and translator studies research, particularly in archival contexts. It
begins by demonstrating how the digitization of archives and source materials remains an undertheorized issue in translation
contexts, as well as the need to understand how digitization allows new forms of “peripheral vision” across our research and
publication processes. Subsequently, the article problematizes the archiving and use of born-digital sources to research
translation and translators, particularly in terms of issues surrounding data collection, access and ethics. In doing so, this
article argues that care must be taken to properly understand and preserve the digital sources that will enable archival research
in the future, whilst emphasizing the new opportunities presented by digitized and born-digital sources to challenge the
invisibility of translation and translators within many of the world’s archives and histories.
Study the closed orbit correction of a compact hadron driver for cancer therapy
Authors: Wah Leo Kwee , Takayama Ken , Adachi Toshikazu , Kawakubo Tadamichi , Dixit Tanuja 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A design of a compact hadron driver for future cancer therapies based on the induction synchrotron concept is given. In order to realize a slow extraction technique in a fast cycling synchrotron, which allows the energy sweep beam scanning, the zero momentum-dispersion D(s) region and high flat D(s) region are necessary. The present design meets both requirements. The lattice has the two-fold symmetry with a circumference of 52.8 m, 2 m-long dispersion-free straight section, and 3 m-long large flat dispersion straight section. Assuming a 1.5 T bending magnet, the ring can deliver heavy ions of 200 MeV/au at 10 Hz. Details of the lattice parameters and orbit correction approach and method are discussed.
X-ray imaging of an industrial microcontroller sample using dual-energy technique
Authors: Razali Azhani Mohd , Yahya Roslan , Jamaludin Maziah 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In a conventional single-energy X-ray imaging technique, the information obtained from the examined object are often not sufficient for precise characterization. Hence, this study was designed to assess whether the dual-energy imaging technique would be a good alternative to the conventional method and can be used to improve the output image. An electronic microcontroller was chosen as the sample due to its complex inner structure. It was scanned using the X-ray micro computed tomography (micro-CT) scanner at two different energy levels: 60kVp and 100kVp. Dual-energy image processing method was applied to the acquired image and the results were compared to the single-energy image in term of contrast and image quality. The combined information from dual-energy scan at 60kVp and 100kVp was able to visualize the sample’s internal structure (raised surface). By comparison, the single-energy imaging technique was only capable at producing shadow image. The resolution of the dual-energy image, however, was much lower due to the loss of data….
Causes and consequences of sex ratio variation in plants. A commentary on: ‘Life history characteristics and historical factors are important to explain regional variation in reproductive traits and genetic diversity in perennial mosses’
Authors: Dorken Marcel E 
Published: August 2023

This article comments on:
Irene Bisang, Johan Ehrlén, and Lars Hedenäs. Life-history characteristics and historical factors are important to explain regional variation in reproductive traits and genetic diversity in perennial mosses, Annals of Botany, Volume 132, Issue 1, 1 July 2023, Pages 29–42, https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcad045
Philosophy and Platonism in Fronto’s Correspondence
Authors: Costantini Leonardo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the references and allusions to Plato in Fronto’s epistolary corpus, especially in his correspondence with Marcus Aurelius, to whom Fronto taught rhetoric. Attention will be paid to Fronto’s engagement with philosophy and his high esteem for Plato and (Middle) Platonism: Plato symbolizes the perfect synthesis between philosophy and rhetoric, which Fronto measures against the fallacy of Stoic dialectic, and Platonic elements play an important function in several letters.
Receptions and appropriations of Platonic myth: Dio, Plutarch, and Aristides between literary fashion and philosophical exegesis
Authors: Trapp Michael 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This chapter examines the Platonizing myths of Dio Chrysostom, Plutarch, and (to a lesser degree) Aelius Aristides, in the light of our evidence for both the philosophical and the literary-rhetorical reception of Plato’s own myths. It argues that, while reflections of the development of Platonism as a systematic philosophy can be detected in them, it can be hard and may in some respects be pointless to disentangle this philosophical input neatly from the ramifications of the literary-rhetorical reception.
Ploidy Variation and Its Implications for Reproduction and Population Dynamics in Two Sympatric Hawaiian Coral Species
Authors: Stephens Timothy G , Strand Emma L , Putnam Hollie M , Bhattacharya Debashish 
Published: August 2023

AbstractStanding genetic variation is a major driver of fitness and resilience and therefore of fundamental importance for threatened species such as stony corals. We analyzed RNA-seq data generated from 132 Montipora capitata and 119 Pocillopora acuta coral colonies collected from Kāneʻohe Bay, Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi. Our goals were to determine the extent of colony genetic variation and to study reproductive strategies in these two sympatric species. Surprisingly, we found that 63% of the P. acuta colonies were triploid, with putative independent origins of the different triploid clades. These corals have spread primarily via asexual reproduction and are descended from a small number of genotypes, whose diploid ancestor invaded the bay. In contrast, all M. capitata colonies are diploid and outbreeding, with almost all colonies genetically distinct. Only two cases of asexual reproduction, likely via fragmentation, were identified in this species. We report two distinct strategies in sympatric coral species that inhabit the largest sheltered body of water in the main Hawaiian Islands. These data highlight divergence in reproductive behavior and genome biology, both of which contribute to coral resilience and persistence.
The Ka /Ks and πa /πs Ratios under Different Models of Gametophytic and Sporophytic Selection
Authors: Li Ling-Ling , Xiao Yu , Wang Xi , He Zi-Han , Lv Yan-Wen , Hu Xin-Sheng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Alternation of generations in plant life cycle provides a biological basis for natural selection occurring in either the gametophyte or the sporophyte phase or in both. Divergent biphasic selection could yield distinct evolutionary rates for phase-specific or pleiotropic genes. Here, we analyze models that deal with antagonistic and synergistic selection between alternative generations in terms of the ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous divergence (Ka/Ks). Effects of biphasic selection are opposite under antagonistic selection but cumulative under synergistic selection for pleiotropic genes. Under the additive and comparable strengths of biphasic allelic selection, the absolute Ka/Ks for the gametophyte gene is equal to in outcrossing but smaller than, in a mixed mating system, that for the sporophyte gene under antagonistic selection. The same pattern is predicted for Ka/Ks under synergistic selection. Selfing reduces efficacy of gametophytic selection. Other processes, including pollen and seed flow and genetic drift, reduce selection efficacy. The polymorphism (πa) at a nonsynonymous site is affected by the joint effects of selfing with gametophytic or sporophytic selection. Likewise, the ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous polymorphism (πa/πs) is also affected by the same joint effects. Gene flow and genetic drift have opposite effects on πa or πa/πs in interacting with gametophytic and sporophytic selection. We discuss implications of this theory for detecting natural selection in terms of Ka/Ks and for interpreting the evolutionary divergence among gametophyte-specific, sporophyte-specific, and pleiotropic genes.
Separation-free super-resolution from compressed measurements is possible: an orthonormal atomic norm minimization approach
Authors: Yi Jirong , Dasgupta Soura , Cai Jian-Feng , Jacob Mathews , Gao Jingchao , Cho Myung , Xu Weiyu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We consider the problem of recovering the superposition of $R$ distinct complex exponential functions from compressed non-uniform time-domain samples. Total variation (TV) minimization or atomic norm minimization was proposed in the literature to recover the $R$ frequencies or the missing data. However, it is known that in order for TV minimization and atomic norm minimization to recover the missing data or the frequencies, the underlying $R$ frequencies are required to be well separated, even when the measurements are noiseless. This paper shows that the Hankel matrix recovery approach can super-resolve the $R$ complex exponentials and their frequencies from compressed non-uniform measurements, regardless of how close their frequencies are to each other. We propose a new concept of orthonormal atomic norm minimization (OANM), and demonstrate that the success of Hankel matrix recovery in separation-free super-resolution comes from the fact that the nuclear norm of a Hankel matrix is an orthonormal atomic norm. More specifically, we show that, in traditional atomic norm minimization, the underlying parameter values must be well separated to achieve successful signal recovery, if the atoms are changing continuously with respect to the continuously valued parameter. In contrast, for the OANM, it is possible the OANM is successful even though the original atoms can be arbitrarily close. As a byproduct of this research, we provide one matrix-theoretic inequality of nuclear norm, and give its proof using the theory of compressed sensing.
Comparisons of blood alcohol concentrations between initial testing and reanalysis from unopened tubes preserved with 0.25% NaF following refrigerated storage up to 3.93 years
Authors: Olds Maria L 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Few studies support the usage of &lt;1% nominal sodium fluoride (NaF) to preserve ethanol in antemortem blood. Of these studies, several are limited by short study durations of 90 days or less, and there is limited research of authentic samples preserved with &lt;1% NaF. In this retrospective analysis, data from initial and reanalysis testing of blood alcohol concentration (BAC) in antemortem blood collected in 6 mL gray-top tubes (providing 0.25% nominal NaF) has been compiled, to evaluate changes in ethanol concentration that occurred after periods of refrigerated storage. The time between initial and reanalysis was determined by court request(s), and ranged 0.30–3.93 years. In each case, a previously unopened tube was selected for reanalysis testing. Comparable BAC values were found from initial testing, with BACs ranging from 0.025 to 0.394 g/100 mL, and reanalysis testing, with BACs ranging from 0.021 to 0.393 g/100 mL. Ethanol changes ranged from −0.013 g/100 mL (decrease) to 0.008 g/100 mL (increase). BAC reanalysis values that increased (n = 6) were within the uncertainty of measurement (UM) from the initial BAC test, that is, were not statistically or analytically significant. For BAC decreases (n = 29), four test values exceeded the UM of the original test, with BAC losses ranging from 0.004 to 0.011 g/100 mL (relative percent changes 6.5–16.0% loss). The average ethanol change was −0.004 g/100 mL, which is comparable to or less than ethanol losses from studies using 1% NaF preservative of varying temperature and storage duration.
E06 Does GGT level correlate with activity parameters in enthesitis-related arthritis?
Authors: Ben Ayed Hiba , Ferjani Hanene , Nessib Dorra Ben , Rabhi Emna , Kaffel Dhia , Maatallah Kaouther , Hamdi Wafa 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Enthesitis-related arthritis (ERA) is one of the main subgroups of juvenile idiopathic arthritis. As in the adult population, monitoring of patients with ERA is based on clinical and laboratory evaluation. Some studies showed a correlation between Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels and rheumatoid arthritis disease activity markers. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the correlation between GGT levels and ERA activity parameters.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional monocentric study including patients meeting the International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) 2001 criteria for ERA. We collected the demographic and clinical data. We assessed the ERA activity using clinical parameters including Patient Global Assessment (PGA), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Morning stiffness (MS), tender joint count (TJC), swollen joint count (SJC), active enthesitis count (AEC), clinical sacroiliitis, back mobility, and ocular involvement. We collected biological parameters such as the C-reactive protein (CRP) and the Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).
We calculated the Juvenile spondyloarthritis disease activity (JSpADA). GGT level was measured on the same day. The correlation was evaluated using Spearman’s rho coefficient (r). r-value &lt;0.3 was considered poor; between 0.3 and 0.39, moderate; between 0.4 and 0.69, strong; and &gt;0.7 very strong.

Results
Thirty patients with a mean age of 15.1 ± 4.1 years, and a ratio-sex of 2.75 were included. The mean disease duration was 4.3 ± 3.2 years. The mean PGA and the mean VAS were 6.2 ± 7.1 and 8.9 ± 2.9 respectively. Mean TJC, mean SJC, and mean AEC were 1.53 ± 2.8, 0.18 ± 0.47, and 1.2 ± 1.6 respectively. Clinical sacroiliitis was found in eight patients, limited back mobility in six, and uveitis in three patients. The mean CRP and ESR were 15.1 ± 22.7 mg/l and 23.8 ± 21.2 mm, respectively. The mean JSpADA was 2.6 ± 1.7. Mean GGT was 14.3 ± 6.6 mg/l. A strong correlation was noted between the GGT level and both CRP (r = 0.504, P = 0.05) and ESR (r = 0.601, P = 0.01). However, no correlation was noted between GGT level and PGA (r = 0.107, P = 0.6), VAS (r = 0.03, P = 0.9), SJC (r = -0.17, P = 0.368), nor JSpADA (r = 0.323, P = 0.87).

Conclusion
Our results suggest a strong correlation between GGT level and biological ERA activity parameters, unlike clinical parameters and disease activity scores. More studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Ethics
The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
E09 Juvenile idiopathic athritis: a desk review of the available standard treatment guidelines in East Africa
Authors: Meleki Elton , Furia Francis F 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is a common rheumatic disorder in children, with an estimated prevalence of 1 out of every 1000 children worldwide. In Tanzania, a retrospective review of pediatric patients with pediatric rheumatology conditions for seven years, reported JIA as the most prevalent condition. Timely initiation of therapy and availability of appropriate pharmacotherapy halts morbidity and mortality. Treatment guidelines for this condition is a key in guiding appropriate management.

Aim
This review was conducted to determine the availability of treatment guidelines for JIA in East Africa and compare them with the international guidelines.

Methodology
This was a desk review of available treatment guidelines for juvenile idiopathic arthritis in East Africa and as well international guidelines for comparison. The search was done on google, google scholar, Medline, HINARI and PubMed. The international guidelines were obtained from the respective webpages of the academic associations for rheumatology disorders. The search words entered in the data bases included ‘JIA treatment guidelines’, ‘Systemic arthritis treatment guidelines’, and ‘treatment guidelines for pediatric arthritis’. Each of the words was entered in the search engine with the names of the East African countries separately.

Results
There are no available standard guidelines for treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis in East Africa. However, available experts contextualize the international guidelines to attend local patients. This happens amidst a region with scarce resources. In a few available studies including ones conducted by A. Migowa et al. and M. Kamau et al. treatment includes use of NSAIDS for pain management, and corticosteroids for treatment bridging until Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDS) become effective. Availability of biologics is not consistent in all the hospitals and their access is limited in third world countries (M. Kamau et al.). The reliable Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs of choice remain to be the convectional ones. The international guidelines exist for other regions including Europe (EULAR), America (ACR), and Asia pacific regions (APLAR).

Conclusion
There is a need to develop standard treatment guidelines in our settings in order to guide clinicians to best manage patients with JIA with the available treatment options in our setting.
E14 Is there a correlation between inflammation and cardiovascular risk in juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Authors: Rahmouni Safa , Tbini Houssem , Rekik Sonia , Ben Ammou Ahlem , Zouaoui Khaoula , Boussaid Soumaya , Sahli Hela , Elleuch Mohammed 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common pediatric rheumatic disease and, like any chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease, has an increased risk of cardiovascular disease compared with the general population.

Objectives
In this work, we investigated the relationship between inflammation and cardiovascular risk during JIA.

Methods
This was a retrospective study including adults with long-standing JIA according to the International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) criteria over a period of 28 years (1994–2022). Clinical and biological parameters were collected. Cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) were also assessed: family history of cardiovascular event, physical inactivity, smoking, arterial hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, obesity.

Results
We included 29 patients (17 females and 12 males) with an average age of 35.69 ± 11.72 [18–61] years, an average age of disease onset of 11.10 ± 4.25 [2–16] years and an average diagnostic delay of 52.96 ± 95.97 [0–336] months. The average disease duration was 24.48 ± 12.76 [1–47] years.
Mean C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were 42.74 ± 63.37 [2–218] mg/l and 69.67 ± 36.23 [36–108] mm/h. A biological inflammatory syndrome was noted in 65.5% of cases (n = 19).
CVRF were present in 41.4% (n = 12) of cases: family history of cardiovascular event (n = 2 cases), physical inactivity (n = 5 cases), smoking (n = 3 cases), arterial hypertension (n = 4 cases), diabetes (n = 4 cases), dyslipidaemia (n = 4), and BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (n = 4).
Our statistical study concluded that CVRF (all types) were more frequent in case of elevated inflammation markers (60% vs 15.4%; P = 0.016). In addition, the presence of biological inflammatory syndrome associated with smoking in our population (20% vs 0%; P = 0.048). In contrast, we found no significant difference when comparing the rest of CVRF according to the elevation of inflammation markers.
Furthermore, we found a correlation between biological inflammation and the presence of CVRF (all type) (r = 0.456; P = 0.015). However, no correlation was found with the CVRF taken separately.

Conclusion
Inflammation is correlated with cardiovascular risk in JIA. Control of inflammation and modifiable CVRF is recommended in this disease.
E15 Immunopositive and immunonegative juvenile idiopathic arthritis: what makes the difference?
Authors: Tbini Houssem , Rahmouni Safa , Rekik Sonia , Ben Ammou Ahlem , Zouaoui Khaoula , Boussaid Soumaya , Sahli Hela , Elleuch Mohammed 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a complex pediatric rheumatic disease of polymorphic expression. The immunological assessment is commonly performed during this disease.

Objectives
The objective of this work was to evaluate the difference between immunopositive and immunonegative forms of JIA.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective study including adults with long-standing JIA according to International League of Associations of Rheumatology (ILAR) criteria over a 28-year period (1994 – 2022). We retrieved the immunological results of all patients. The disease was considered immunopositive in case of rheumatoid factor (RF) and/or anti-citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA) positivity.

Results
We included 29 patients (12 men and 17 women) with a mean age of 35.69 ± 11.72 [18–61] years. The mean age of disease onset was 11.10 ± 4.25 [2–16] years. The average diagnostic delay was 52.96 ± 95.97 [0–336] months. The average disease duration was 24.48 ± 12.76 [1–47] years.
The mean body mass index (BMI) was 21.20 ± 4.88 [14.17–27.55] kg/m2, 8 patients had a normal BMI. Growth delay was noted in 3 cases.
The polyarticular form was the most frequent, observed in 55.2% of cases. At least one extra-articular manifestation was noted in 16 patients: ophthalmologic, skin, cardiac, pulmonary, and renal involvement were found in 6,4,4,3 and 2 cases, respectively. Osteoporosis was noted in 7 cases.
Mean C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were 42.74 ± 63.37 [2–218] mg/l and 69.67 ± 36.23 [36–108] mm/h. Bone erosions, hip involvement and atlantoaxial dislocation were noted in 18, 14, and 4 cases, respectively.
Rheumatoid factor, ACPA and anti-nuclear antibodies were observed in 12, 7 and 5 cases respectively. The disease was considered immunopositive in 13 cases.
Our comparative study found that women had more immunopositive forms (84.6% vs 15.4%; P = 0.010). In addition, osteoporosis was less frequent in immunopositive JIA (11.1% vs 88.9%; P = 0.003). Growth delay was only observed in immunopositive JIA (P = 0.012). Furthermore, the age at disease onset was greater in the immunopositive group (12.85 ± 2.94 vs 9.69 ± 4.7 years; P = 0.045).
However, no significant differences were identified when comparing the rest of the JIA characteristics.

Conclusion
Evaluation of the immunological profile is required in JIA. Our study found associations of RF and/or ACPA positivity with age at disease onset, female gender, osteoporosis, and growth delay in JIA.