bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decision times in orthographic processing: a cross-linguistic study
Authors: Mauti Marika , Marinelli Chiara Valeria , O’Connor Richard J. , Zoccolotti Pierluigi , Martelli Marialuisa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractReading comparisons across transparent and opaque orthographies indicate critical differences that may reveal the mechanisms involved in orthographic decoding across orthographies. Here, we address the role of criterion and speed of processing in accounting for performance differences across languages. We used binary tasks involving orthographic (words–pseudowords), and non-orthographic materials (female–male faces), and analyzed results based on Ratcliff’s Diffusion model. In the first study, 29 English and 28 Italian university students were given a lexical decision test. English observers made more errors than Italian observers while showing generally similar reaction times. In terms of the diffusion model, the two groups differed in the decision criterion: English observers used a lower criterion. There was no overall cross-linguistic difference in processing speed, but English observers showed lower values for words (and a smaller lexicality effect) than Italians. In the second study, participants were given a face gender judgment test. Female faces were identified slower than the male ones with no language group differences. In terms of the diffusion model, there was no difference between groups in drift rate and boundary separation. Overall, the new main finding concerns a difference in decision criterion limited to the orthographic task: English individuals showed a more lenient criterion in judging the lexicality of the items, a tendency that may explain why, despite lower accuracy, they were not slower. It is concluded that binary tasks (and the Diffusion model) can reveal cross-linguistic differences in orthographic processing which would otherwise be difficult to detect in standard single-word reading tasks.
Design, development and validation of a questionnaire to assess dentists’ knowledge and experience in diagnosing, recording, and managing root caries
Authors: Niemeyer Samira Helena , Maniewicz Sabrina , Campus Guglielmo , Tennert Christian , Yilmaz Burak , Zekeridou Alkisti , Roccuzzo Andrea , Esteves-Oliveira Marcella , Carvalho Thiago S. , Wierichs Richard Johannes 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The prevalence of root caries is increasing globally, especially in the elderly population, and even though the number of patients with root caries lesions is augmenting, there are still many discrepancies in how dentists manage this condition. The present study aimed to develop and validate a questionnaire to evaluate how dentists diagnose, record and manage root caries lesions, and to verify the validity and reliability of this questionnaire.

Materials and methods
An expert panel developed a self-administered questionnaire survey with three domains: (1) dentists’ knowledge on diagnosis, recording, and managing root caries; (2) information about their current general clinical routines; (3) their demographics. The original English [E] version was translated into three different languages (French [F], German [G], Italian [I]), and subsequently back-translated into English by independent dentists. For the validation, 82 dentists (20–22 for each of the translated versions) accepted to answer the questionnaire at two different time-points (with 1-week interval). The data was quality checked. Construct validity, internal reliability, and intra-class correlation (ICC) were assessed.

Results
Seventy-seven dentists completed the questionnaire twice [E: 17; F: 19; G: 19; I: 22]. The mean ICC (standard deviation) was 0.98(0.03) for E, 0.90(0.12) for F, 0.98 (0.04) for G, and 0.98 (0.01) for I. Overall, the test–retest reliability was excellent (mean ICC (SD): 0.96 (0.08)). Furthermore, the questionnaire demonstrated good internal reliability (inter-observer reliability; Fleiss kappa: overall:0.27(fair); E:0.30 (fair); F: 0.33(fair); G: 0.33(fair); I: 0.89 (almost perfect)).

Conclusion
The questionnaire was validated and is suitable to be used in the four languages to assess the knowledge of dentists on diagnosing, recording and managing root caries.

Clinical significance
The present questionnaire was validated and seems to be a good tool to evaluate how dentists diagnose, record, and manage root caries lesions both in its original (English) and its translated (French, German, and Italian) versions.
User experiences of medical students with 360-degree virtual reality applications to prepare them for the clerkships
Authors: Pieterse Arianne D. , Hierck Beerend P. , de Jong Peter G. M. , Ginn Thomas F. , Hamoen Esther C. , Reinders Marlies E. J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFor medical students, the transition from the preclinical to the clinical phase of their curriculum (clerkships) can result in increased levels of stress and anxiety. This is partly caused by low self-perception of preparedness. By using 360° video-based virtual reality it is possible to provide learners virtual access to clinical situations ahead of time. This technique can provide active and contextual user experiences and offers opportunities to demonstrate both behavioral skills and subject knowledge. We developed two 360° video-based virtual reality applications for medical students transitioning to the clerkships. In this study, we describe the development and evaluated the user experiences. Two virtual reality applications were developed for use in a small group learning session. One of the applications is an interactive virtual tour of a hospital ward, in which learners explore the Internal Medicine ward and learn about the roles of different health care professionals and their mutual interactions. In each room, the learners listen to a voice-over and look at hotspots to gather additional information. The other application has been developed to train students in observing (un)professional behavior of healthcare providers in their daily activities. An evaluation was performed by an anonymous explorative questionnaire with open and closed questions (Likert scales) regarding the user experience and cybersickness symptoms. In our study, 171 students used the applications and completed the questionnaire. For 63% of the respondents, this was their first experience with a virtual reality headset. Qualitative analysis showed that students evaluated the learning method as realistic, informative and enjoyable. Most students evaluated virtual reality as a good (59%) or excellent (26%) tool for learning. Forty-five percent of the students experienced physical discomfort, such as nausea, dizziness, headache and disorientation. In most cases, these complaints were mild, although a small number experienced severe nausea (n = 6) or severe headache (n = 2). Students suggested several areas of improvement including increase of display resolution and decrease of ambient noise causing distraction. 360° video-based virtual reality can successfully be implemented in the medical curriculum to create a realistic learning experience to prepare students for the clerkships.
The vegetation cover dynamics and potential drivers of habitat change over 30 years in the Free State National Botanical Garden, South Africa
Authors: Vukeya Loyd Rodney , Mokotjomela Thabiso Michael , Malebo Ntsoaki Joyce , Smith David Alan Ehlers , Oke Saheed 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAs a conservation strategy, the South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI) establishes biodiversity gardens in areas with unique vegetation types that are vulnerable to extinction. The study aimed to (1) determine the vegetation cover dynamics of the Free State National Botanical Garden (FSNBG) over a 30-year period (1987–2017), focusing on different vegetation classes; (2) evaluate the ecological integrity of the Critical Biodiversity Area 1 (CBA1) vegetation using species abundance and vegetation cover; and (3) quantify potential conservation threats that may be drivers of vegetation cover changes. The “moderate vegetation cover” and “dense vegetation cover” had increased by 25.1 ha and 8.6 ha respectively in the FSNBG. Woody vegetation cover expanded significantly over the past 30-year period, suggesting “bush” encroachment. Shannon–Wiener diversity indices showed high overall plant species diversity of CBA1 vegetation type (H = 3.5), with the vegetation cover remaining high (79.6 ± 15.9%), 50 plant species no longer existing, suggesting reduced taxonomic richness. Major conservation threats included the presence of 27 alien and invasive plant species interspersed within different vegetation patches and anthropogenic habitat fragmentation in the past 19 years (i.e. covering ~ 18% of the buffer zone). We conclude that increased vegetation cover is associated with bush encroachment and we recommend interventions to reduce the population density of woody plants and establish permanent vegetation monitoring plots.
The uropygial gland of the Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo): I. Morphology
Authors: Stangier Nadine , Sandhöfer Sandra , Mosig Axel , Distler Claudia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTo further our knowledge of the basis of the wing-spreading behavior of cormorants, we compared the feathers of cormorants with a diving and a dabbling duck. Only the cormorant shows the division into a closed vane next to the rhachis and an open vane in the periphery of the feather. Macroscopically, the uropygial gland of the Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) is bilobed, the papilla wears circlet feathers of type I. Histologically, the uropygial gland of the cormorant consists of tightly packed glandular tubules separated by internal septa. These tubules can be divided into three zones based on their laminar appearance. They transition into secretion-filled ducts that lead to the papilla. There is no central storage chamber. By contrast, the uropygial gland of the rock pigeon (Columba livia) contains a large central storage chamber, the glandular tissue is limited to the periphery of the gland. Thus, the histological organization of the cormorant uropygial gland is similar to many other aquatic birds. To elucidate the complex internal structure, we additionally reconstructed the uropygial gland three-dimensionally.
Endothelial cells require functional FLVCR1a during developmental and adult angiogenesis
Authors: Petrillo Sara , De Giorgio F. , Bertino F. , Garello F. , Bitonto V. , Longo D. L. , Mercurio S. , Ammirata G. , Allocco A. L. , Fiorito V. , Chiabrando D. , Altruda F. , Terreno E. , Provero P. , Munaron L. , Genova T. , Nóvoa A. , Carlos A. R. , Cardoso S. , Mallo M. , Soares M. P. , Tolosano E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Feline Leukemia Virus Subgroup C Receptor 1a (FLVCR1a) is a transmembrane heme exporter essential for embryonic vascular development. However, the exact role of FLVCR1a during blood vessel development remains largely undefined. Here, we show that FLVCR1a is highly expressed in angiogenic endothelial cells (ECs) compared to quiescent ECs. Consistently, ECs lacking FLVCR1a give rise to structurally and functionally abnormal vascular networks in multiple models of developmental and pathologic angiogenesis. Firstly, zebrafish embryos without FLVCR1a displayed defective intersegmental vessels formation. Furthermore, endothelial-specific Flvcr1a targeting in mice led to a reduced radial expansion of the retinal vasculature associated to decreased EC proliferation. Moreover, Flvcr1a null retinas showed defective vascular organization and loose attachment of pericytes. Finally, adult neo-angiogenesis is severely affected in murine models of tumor angiogenesis. Tumor blood vessels lacking Flvcr1a were disorganized and dysfunctional. Collectively, our results demonstrate the critical role of FLVCR1a as a regulator of developmental and pathological angiogenesis identifying FLVCR1a as a potential therapeutic target in human diseases characterized by aberrant neovascularization.
Twitter-Based Social Accountability Callouts
Authors: Neu Dean , Saxton Gregory D. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe ICIJ’s release of thePanama Papersin 2016 opened up a wealth of previously private financial information on the tax avoidance, tax evasion, and wealth concealment activities of politicians, government officials, and their allies. Drawing upon prior accountability and ethics focused research, we utilize a dataset of almost 28 M tweets sent between 2016 and early 2020 to consider the microdetails and overall trajectory of this particular social accountability conversation. The study shows how the publication of previously private financial information triggered a Twitter-based social accountability conversation. It also illustrates how social accountability utterances are intra-textually constructed by the inclusion of social characters, the personal pronoun ‘we,’ and the use of deontic responsibility verbs. Finally, the study highlights how the tweets from this group of participants changed over the longer-term but continued to focus on social accountability topics. The provided analysis contributes to our understanding of social accountability, including how the release of previously private accounting-based financial information can trigger a grassroots social accountability conversation.
Maximizing QRS duration reduction in contemporary cardiac resynchronization therapy is feasible and shorter QRS duration is associated with better clinical outcome
Authors: Borgquist Rasmus , Marinko Sofia , Platonov Pyotr G , Wang Lingwei , Chaudhry Uzma , Brandt Johan , Mörtsell David 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
We aimed to evaluate if optimization by maximizing QRS duration (QRSd) reduction is feasible in an all-comer cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) population, and if reduced, QRSd is associated with a better clinical outcome.

Methods
Patients with LBBB receiving CRT implants during the period 2015–2020 were retrospectively evaluated. Implants from 2015–2017 were designated as controls. Starting from 2018, an active 12-lead electrogram-based optimization of QRSd reduction was implemented (intervention group). QRSd reduction was evaluated in a structured way at various device AV and VV settings, aiming to maximize the reduction. The primary endpoint was a composite of heart failure hospitalization or death from any cause.

Results
A total of 254 patients were followed for up to 6 years (median 2.9 [1.8–4.1]), during which 82 patients (32%) reached the primary endpoint; 53 deaths (21%) and 58 (23%) heart failure hospitalizations. Median QRS duration pre-implant was 162 ms [150–174] and post-implant 146ms [132–160]. Mean reduction in QRS duration was progressively larger for each year during the intervention period, ranging from − 9.5ms in the control group to − 24 in the year 2020 (p = 0.005). QRS reduction > 14 ms (median value) was associated with a lower risk of death or heart failure hospitalization (adjusted HR 0.54 [0.29–0.98] (p = 0.04).

Conclusions
Implementing a general strategy of CRT device optimization by aiming for shorter QRS duration is feasible in a structured clinical setting and results in larger reductions in QRS duration post-implant. In patients with a larger QRS reduction, compared to those with a smaller QRS reduction, there is an association with a better clinical outcome.

Graphical Abstract
Super-exponential distinguishability of correlated quantum states
Authors: Bunth Gergely , Maróti Gábor , Mosonyi Milán , Zimborás Zoltán 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn the problem of asymptotic binary i.i.d. state discrimination, the optimal asymptotics of the type I and the type II error probabilities is in general an exponential decrease to zero as a function of the number of samples; the set of achievable exponent pairs is characterized by the quantum Hoeffding bound theorem. A super-exponential decrease for both types of error probabilities is only possible in the trivial case when the two states are orthogonal and hence can be perfectly distinguished using only a single copy of the system. In this paper, we show that a qualitatively different behavior can occur when there is correlation between the samples. Namely, we use gauge-invariant and translation-invariant quasi-free states on the algebra of the canonical anti-commutation relations to exhibit pairs of states on an infinite spin chain with the properties that (a) all finite-size restrictions of the states have invertible density operators and (b) the type I and the type II error probabilities both decrease to zero at least with the speed $$e^{-nc\log n}$$

e

-
n
c
log
n

with some positive constant c, i.e., with a super-exponential speed in the sample size n. Particular examples of such states include the ground states of the XX model corresponding to different transverse magnetic fields. In fact, we prove our result in the setting of binary composite hypothesis testing, and hence, it can be applied to prove super-exponential distinguishability of the hypotheses that the transverse magnetic field is above a certain threshold vs. that it is below a strictly lower value.
Trajectory-tracking control from a multibody system dynamics perspective
Authors: Drücker Svenja , Seifried Robert 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe development of modern mechatronic systems is often driven by the desire for more efficiency and accuracy. These requirements not only result in more complex system designs, but also in the simultaneous development of improved control strategies. Therefore, control of multibody systems is an active field of research. This contribution gives an overview of recent control-related research from the perspective of the multibody dynamics community. A literature review of the research activity in the journal Multibody System Dynamics is given. Afterwards, the framework of servo-constraints is reviewed, since it is a powerful tool for the computation of a feedforward controller and it is directly developed in the multibody system dynamics community. Thereby, solution strategies for all possible system types, such as differentially flat systems, minimum phase and non-minimum phase systems are discussed. Selected experimental and simulation results are shown to support the theoretical results.
When the United States and the People’s Republic of China Sneeze: Monetary Policy Spillovers to Asian Economies
Authors: Beirne John , Renzhi Nuobu , Volz Ulrich 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This paper examines monetary policy spillovers from the US and the People’s Republic of China (PRC) to real and financial sectors in advanced and emerging Asian economies over the period 2000 to 2020. Using a structural vector autoregression (SVAR) approach, we find that Asian economies overall are more susceptible to spillovers to GDP, inflation, and the current account emanating from monetary policy shocks in the PRC than to those from the US. This is related to high inter-regional trade integration in Asia and is in line with previous research findings. However, while the prevailing literature has highlighted the dominant role of US monetary policy as a transmitter of shocks to global and Asian financial markets, we find more persistence in the response of advanced Asian interest rates to PRC monetary policy shocks. In addition, emerging Asian economies are found to be more susceptible to shocks emanating from the PRC in respect of equity markets and exchange rates. The rising synchronization of Asian financial markets in relation to the PRC as the financial account in the PRC has gradually opened as well as indirect effects via trade and regional value chains help to rationalize our findings.
Joint book reading, library visits and letter teaching in families: relations to parent education and children’s reading behavior
Authors: Pfost Maximilian , Heyne Nora 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn line with the Matthew-effect in reading, reading comprehension and leisure time reading tend to be reciprocally related. Whereas prior research invested much efforts in the identification and description of variables explaining individual differences in reading comprehension, less efforts were spend on the exploration of variables important for the development of leisure time reading. This study focuses on family literacy activities in preschool age – joint book reading, joint library visits, and the teaching of letters – and how these relate to the children’ s later leisure time reading and reading comprehension. Furthermore, the role of parents’ education is considered. Empirical findings are based on a sample of N = 1.242 children from the National Education Panel Study (NEPS). Joint book reading and joint library visits in families, both aspects of informal literacy activities, predicted leisure time reading of children in Grade 4, which was related to their reading comprehension. In addition, disparities with regard to parents’ education were found. The results are discussed against the background of ways to promote children’s leisure time reading and practical implications are derived.
Comparison of short-term efficacy and safety between total robotic and total 3D laparoscopic distal radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer in Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol: a propensity score matching study
Authors: Tian Yuan , Lin Yecheng , Sun Chenyu , Lowe Scott , Bentley Rachel , Yang Peigang , Guo Honghai , Ding Pingan , Zhang Zhidong , Wang Dong , Zhao Xuefeng , Li Yong , Zhao Qun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The application of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol in gastrointestinal surgery has been widely accepted. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of ERAS in total robotic distal gastrectomy (TRDG) versus 3D total laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (3D-TLDG) for gastric cancer.

Methods
We retrospectively evaluated 73 patients underwent TRDG and 163 patients who received 3D-TLDG. The propensity score was used for matching analysis according to a 1:1 ratio, so that there was no significant difference in the baseline data between the two groups. The short-term effect and safety of the two groups were compared.

Results
The TRDG group had a less intraoperative bleeding (30.21 ± 13.78 vs. 41.44 ± 17.41 ml, P < 0.001), longer intraoperative preparation time (31.05 ± 4.93 vs. 15.48 ± 2.43 min, P < 0.001), shorter digestive tract reconstruction time (32.67 ± 4.41 vs. 39.78 ± 4.95 min, P < 0.001), shorter postoperative ambulation time (14.07 ± 8.97 vs. 17.49 ± 5.98 h, P = 0.007), shorter postoperative anal exhaust time (1.78 ± 0.79 vs. 2.18 ± 0.79 days, P = 0.003), shorter postoperative hospital stay (7.74 ± 3.15 vs. 9.97 ± 3.23 days, P < 0.001), lower postoperative pain score (P = 0.006) and higher hospitalization cost (89,907.15 ± 17,147.19 vs. 125,615.82 ± 11,900.80 RMB, P < 0.001) than the 3D-TLDG group.

Conclusion
TRDG and 3D-TLDG under ERAS protocol are safe and feasible. Compared with 3D-TLDG, the TRDG has better intraoperative bleeding control effect and greater advantages in digestive tract reconstruction. After the combination of ERAS protocol, TRDG also has certain advantages in the recovery process of patients after surgery.