bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient referral pattern in northern Ghana: a retrospective study of the tamale teaching hospital
Authors: Surazu Bayor , K. Korsah Albert 
Published: June 2023

Background: Patient referral involves transferring the responsibility for the care of a patient from one level of care to the other. Several factors account for the referral of patients, and all categories of patients are referred.
Objective: This study sought to assess the most common medical and surgical conditions that are referred, as well as the demographics of patients mostly involved in medical referrals.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted to examine the patterns of patient referral from peripheral facilities into the Tamale Teaching Hospital in 2021. Data on patient referral into the facility, including medical condition, age, gender, and other demographic information within a period of one year was retrieved from the nursing department under the consent of the nurse manager and analyzed using SPSS version 23.
Results: A total of 1565 referrals were made into the facility within the period under review. The main reasons for referral were to perform diagnostic investigations and for further management. Majority of the patients (53%) referred to facility were males within the ages of 20-49years. The commonest conditions that were referred were head injuries (19.9%) followed by fractures (12.8) most of which were sustained through road traffic accidents. Eighty two percent (82%) of the attempted referrals were successful whilst 12% was rejected for various reasons including improper referral procedures, whilst the remaining 6% were to call back after some issues have been resolved.
Conclusion: There is a high rate of patient referral in northern Ghana, most of whom are as a result of head injuries and fractures resulting from road traffic accidents.
RELEVANSI KONSEP PENDIDIKAN AKHLAK IBNU MISKAWAIH TERHADAP PENDIDIKAN KONTEMPORER
Authors: Solikhah Mar'atus , Khoiriyah Dhuhrotul 
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The concept of moral education with contemporary education cannot be separated from one another. Morals are very important in Islamic studies. As the Messenger of Allah was sent by Allah SWT, the first time was to perfect human morals. Morals are a reflection of the heart. As stated by Ibnu Miskawaih, morality is a psychological condition that encourages humans to do something with pleasure without any planning and thinking or deep consideration. Apart from that, Ibnu Miskawaih also talked about the universal education system that can be applied in the current era. The basis for the success of Islamic education lies in the causal relationship between the education system and moral improvement. The purpose of this study is to determine the relevance of Ibn Miskawaih's moral education to contemporary education. And this research uses a qualitative approach with the library research method. As for this study, there is relevance between the concept of Ibn Miskawaih's moral education and contemporary education applied in the 2013 curriculum
Keywords: Education, Morals, Ibn Miskawaih.
SEJARAH STATUS PEMAJAKAN AMERICAN TRADING COMPANY (ATC) DI WILAYAH BORNEO UTARA (1865-1877)
Authors: Jambol Dg Junaidah Awang 
Published: June 2023

Pemajakan Borneo Utara kepada pihak American Trading Company (ATC) oleh Sultan Brunei telah merintis pertapakan satu koloni merkantilisme. Makalah ini akan membincangkan tentang status pemajakan wilayah di Borneo Utara oleh ATC dan seterusnya lebih banyak pemajakan dan penyerahan wilayah di Borneo Utara telah dilakukan oleh kuasa luar. Pemajakan yang dilakukan oleh Charles Lee Moses adalah penting kepada kewujudan hubungan simbiotik antara ATC dan British North Borneo (Chartered) Company (BNBC). Perkara ini telah memberikan impak yang besar terhadap transformasi masyarakat di Borneo Utara. Kelemahan perjanjian pemajakan yang dimeterai oleh Sultan Brunei dan Moses telah membuka keterikatannya terhadap pengawasan pihak ATC yang terlalu bersikap pragmatik sehingga membolehkan wakilnya membuat sebarang bentuk perjanjian dan konsulat di wilayah perdagangan mereka. Penulisan ini menghuraikan beberapa perkara berkaitan dengan hubungan diplomatik, perdagangan dan keselamatan yang menjadi punca kepada berlakunya perubahan status pemajakan dan penyerahan wilayah di Borneo Utara kepada pihak BNBC yang diwakili oleh Baron Von Overbeck dan Alfred Dent.The North Borneo lease to the American Trading Company (ATC) by the Sultan of Brunei has pioneered the establishment of a colony of mercantilism. This paper will discuss the status of regional leasing in North Borneo by ATC and more leasing and submission of territories in North Borneo has been made by external power. The legacy of Charles Lee Moses is important to the existence of a symbiotic relationship between ATC and the British North Borneo (Chartered) Company (BNBC). This has had a huge impact on the transformation of society in North Borneo. The disadvantages of the leasing agreement sealed by the Sultan of Brunei and Moses have opened its attachment to the oversight of ATCs who are too pragmatic to allow their representatives to make any form of agreement and consulate in their trading territories. This article describes a number of matters relating to diplomatic,Â trade and security relations that have been the cause of the changing status of leasing and submission of territories in North Borneo to BNBC represented by Baron Von Overbeck and Alfred Dent.
Diplomasi Peace Corps: Bantuan Sukarelawan Amerika Syarikat di Malaysia, 1961â€“1983
Authors: Bala Bilcher 
Published: June 2023

Abstrak
Pada tahun 1961, Kerajaan Amerika Syarikat telah menubuhkan satu agensi Peace Corps sebagai program bantuan sukarelawan kepada negara Dunia Ketiga. Sukarelawan Peace Corps memainkan peranan penting dalam diplomasi secara membina hubungan sosial yang akrab dengan penduduk tempatan, selain daripada memberi bantuan dari segi kemahiran teknikal dalam bidang pendidikan, kesihatan, pembangunan masyarakat dan pertanian. Malaysia merupakan antara negara pertama menerima bantuan Peace Corps pada tahun 1962. Artikel ini memberi fokus terhadap perbincangan tentang kewujudan diplomasi bilateral antara negara Amerika Syarikat dan Malaysia, konsep diplomasi Peace Corps dan perkembangan programnya di Malaysia sehingga ditamatkan pada tahun 1983.
Abstract
In 1961, the United States Government had established a Peace Corps agency as a volunteer assistance program to Third World countries. Peace Corps volunteers play an important role in diplomacy by building closer social ties with locals, besides providing aid in terms of technical skills in the field of education, health, community development, and agriculture. Malaysia is one of the first countries to receive Peace Corps assistance in 1962. This article focuses on the existence of bilateral diplomacy between the United States and Malaysia, the concept of Peace Corps diplomacy, and the development of its program in Malaysia until the termination in 1983.
The Passing of Stalin Is Not the End, or the Unstoppable Integration of the Socialist Market
Authors: Fišer Ondřej 
Published: June 2023

This article deals with the development of economic cooperation in the socialist market between 1953 and 1968 from the perspective of the Czechoslovak economy. The period of Antonin Novotny at the helm of the Czechoslovak Communist Party has so far been a controversial one, as it has been characterized by both the efforts to reform Stalinist anachronisms and the initially low capacity to sustainably root these reforms in the fragile frozen ground of Cold War-era soil. The question is whether the gradually unfolding Khrushchev Thaw that accelerated its onset from the second half of the 1950s onwards made it possible to plant certain reforms and reap their fruits in the longer term. It is also necessary to raise the question of the nature of the key actors and obstacles in the process of reforming intra-bloc cooperation. In particular, the archives of the Czechoslovak industrial ministries located in Prague were consulted to research these issues.
Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan Pajanan Logam Berat Fe Pada Air Sumur Penduduk Kawasan Industri Desa Dagang Kelambir Tanjung Morawa
Authors: Meirindany Tina , Tussolihin Dalimunthe Khodijah , Nauli Mutiara 
Published: June 2023

Latar Belakang : Kegiatan industri memberikan andil besar terhadap penurunan kualitas air temasuk tingginya kadar besi (Fe) pada air sumur penduduk di sekitar kawasan industri. Akan tetapi justru hal tersebut dapat membahayakan kesejahteraan kesehatan masyarakat terutama pada pemukiman di sekitar kawasan industri
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan analisa resiko kesehatan lingkungan melalui evaluasi pendekatan di atas meja untuk melihat tingkat risiko logam berat Fe pada air sumur penduduk di Desa Dagang Kelambir Kecamatan Tanjung Morawa Kabupaten Deli Serdang.
Hasil:Hasil Analisis Resiko Kesehatan Lingkungan melalui evaluasi pendekatan di atas meja menunjukkan bahwa Karakteristik Risiko (RQ) pada Stasiun I yaitu 0,040, Stasiun II yaitu 0,034 dan Stasiun III yaitu 0,022. Karakteristik risiko (RQ) secara keseluruhan pajanan logam berat Fe < 1artinya pada pajanan lifetime belum beresiko menimbulkan efek kesehatan akibat pajanan logam berat Fe pada air sumur penduduk. Disarankan agar masyarakat menyaring air sumur sebelum di konsumsi agar risiko pajanan logam berat Fe dan logam lainnya tidak berisiko bagi kesehatan masyarakat.
Pharmacological Assessment of Cutaneous Wound Healing by Natural Apis Honey on Animal Models
Authors: M. Bhushanam et al.  
Published: June 2023

Honey is a nutritional food with health-promoting properties. Antiseptics are topical agents that act to prevent growth of microorganisms. A range of Apis florea bee honey from Karnataka was used to investigate the prevention of infection and promote healing of wounds in rat models as honey is a tissue-regenerative agent. It contributes to all stages of wound healing, and thus has been used in direct topical application and also in dressings. Most honey samples with various dilutions have proved to possess, significant antibacterial potency against selected bacterial isolates by disc diffusion assay. The Coorg honey of Apis florea species showed highest antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) with 19.26±0.23 mm and the least susceptibility was recorded for bacterial strain Erwinia nigrifluens (ATCC 21922) with 8.97±0.48 mm. The Kolar honey of Apis florea species showed highest antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus (ATCC 31443) with 8.79±0.16 mm and least susceptibility was recorded for Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) with 7.01±0.55 mm. The Bengaluru honey of Apis florea species showed highest antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) with 9.95±0.23 mm and least susceptibility was recorded for E.coli (ATCC 25891) with 6.27±0.22 mm. The present study also checked the wound healing ability of honey when applied topically in several rat models. The control rats were healed by 20 ± 1.07 days. The Kanamycin treated rats were healed on 10±1.45 days. 13 ±1.07days were recorded to heal the wounds by Apis florea honey samples of Abbe Falls, Coorg regions. 18 ±1.54 days and 17 ±1.03 days were recorded against Champion Reef regions of Kolar district and Varthur regions of Bengaluru district.
Role of Corporate Social Responsibility in Social and Economic Development in India.
Authors: M. Sarojanamma, Manoj Kumar Ganesh  
Published: June 2023

A management concept known as "Corporate Social Responsibility"(CSR) encourages corporate sector to incorporate social and environmental considerations into their activities and relationships with stakeholders. Corporate social responsibility is typically considered as the means through which a business finds a balance between its social, environmental, and economic imperatives. Corporate social responsibility is emerged as a critical component of long-term commercial success. CSR has great impact on the development of new economy. Following an amendment to the Companies Act, 2013 in April 2014, India became the first country in the world to make corporate social responsibility as mandatory. As part of any CSR compliance, companies can spend their profits in areas such as protection of environment, development of education, eradication of poverty and gender equality.
The Ministry of Corporate Affairs has announced that company’s expenditures to combat the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) outbreak will be considered valid in CSR activities. Funds may be spent on COVID-19-related activities such as healthcare promotion, including preventive healthcare, sanitation, and disaster management. Amendments to the Companies (Amendment) Act, 2019 concerning CSR Previously, if a company was unable to spend its CSR funds fully each year, it could carry the amount forward and spend it in the following fiscal year, on top of the money allotted for that year. The CSR amendments to company Act, 2013 now require companies to deposit any unspent CSR funds into a fund specified in Schedule VII of the Act by the end of the fiscal year. This amount must be used within three years of the transfer date, or the fund must be deposited in one of the specified funds.
System State Estimation Using Weighted Least Square Method
Authors: Mohmadishak Sheikh, Chetan Sheth  
Published: June 2023

State estimation is an essential part of every energy control management system. Accurate estimation of state or operating state is essential for security control and monitoring of power systems. Power system state estimation is a procedure to estimate true state from the inexact state of a power system. The conventional state estimator provides estimates of the power system states, i.e., bus voltages and angles which is obtained. State estimation is a computational technique for electrical power system. It empowers the calculation of the power flows of the electrical power system which are not observed or not directly measured. State estimation is a computer program that detects, isolate and eliminate the incorrect or bad measurement data and estimates the accurate state. The magnitudes of bus voltage and phase angle are the states variables for an electrical power system. This paper outlines Weighted Least Square (WLS) estimation techniques and simulated estimation for standard IEEE systems.
Identification of Source of Misleading Information and Stop the Dissemination through Blocking the User
Authors: Girishkumar K. Patnaik, Akash D. Waghmare, Dinesh D. Puri  
Published: June 2023

Introduction: At present, people are more dependent on Internet sources for any sort of information or news. So, the news/information needs to be preserved and should not be modified by any user. Providing security for the news data is a major concern. The decentralized approach of a chain of blocks is used in order to strengthen the security of the news. The existing blockchain framework that offers openness, tamper-proofing, privacy, controlling information, and monitoring is inherited in the proposed work. Precisely, the idea is to build a safe platform that can detect bogus news on social media platforms. Even if the environment is fragile, the chain of blocks-based decentralised peer-to-peer environment provides security to the published information.
Objectives: As a result of recent innovations and advancements in the field of computer technology, social media networks have emerged as one of the most crucial aspects of contemporary human existence. Social media has developed into a well-known platform for information dissemination and news, as well as for daily reports. There are a variety of benefits associated with social media; but, on the converse, there is a great deal of misleading news and data that can mislead the reader. One of the major issues with social media is that there is a dearth of information that can be relied on as well as real world news. Because of misleading news on social media, users are misled. So, to build a trustful environment, early detection of misleading news is necessary. Innovative machine learning methodologies are useful to identify and recognize misleading news more accurately.
Methods: Misleading news is more viral than real news. People instantly believe on the false information. So, there is a need to reduce the dissemination of misleading information on social media. In order to minimize the spread of misleading news, the source of the news needs to be traced. In overall, proposed system utilizes the chain of blocks and applies proposed machine learning methodologies in order to identify misleading news and thereafter reduce the propagation of misleading information by blocking the fake user.
Results: An experimental analysis reveals that the proposed classification algorithm obtains a better accuracy rate. In order to produce useful training rules and evaluate the test classifier, a number of features are extracted like TF-IDF, N-Gram features, and dependency-oriented NLP features from the data input.
Conclusions: The proposed method analyzes every user's uploaded information, identify fraudulent users and reduce the propagation of false information by blocking the user.
“The Changing Perspectives in the New Generation Malayalam Movies: A Content Analysis From an Ethical Point of View”
Authors: Thomas Sobi 
Published: June 2023

Film is the appropriate medium that communicates most meaningfully to humanity. Film has that capacity because it touches on almost all aspects of human life, its ethical principles, religiosity, philosophy, sociology, psychology, aesthetics, and so on. In the film, man recaptures the centuries that have gone by and visualizes the future as well. Such familiarity with film in human existence makes it a matter of study and analysis.
Film history goes back to the 1890s and is spread across nations and various languages. So, an analysis of the film in general would be a Herculean task. Thus, this research is focused on the Malayalam films of two decades, viz, 1999 - 2018. It is an attempt to study the New Generation Malayalam movies from an ethical point of view with the methodology of content analysis.
A film is like a retreat. Each and every frame in the movie, the words, actions, movements, costumes, and all other characteristics contribute, in one way or other, something to the story. Therefore, in this study, the researcher tries to analyze the so-called ‘new generation Malayalam movies’ which demolish the traditional style and reconstruct a new style of filming. This is an attempt to understand the changes, the reasons behind the changes, and the effect of the same from an ethical point of view.
This study analyses and compares 20 Malayalam movies which belong to two decades viz., 1999 to 2008 and 2009 to 2018. The dominant objective of this study is to learn about the changes in the ethical content of the movies than in their technical perfection resulting due to the technological developments in filmmaking. The content of a movie is more important as it reflects contemporary social norms and behaviour.
Incorporating the New PRNG in Advance Encryption Standard
Authors: Dilshad Akhtar Neda Fatma, M. R. Hassan, 
Published: June 2023

This manuscript explores the fusion of two well-known encryption algorithms, the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and the Rivest Cipher (RC4), resulting in a novel encryption algorithm called AES-RC4. AES-RC4 is a block cipher that combines the strengths of AES with a variant of RC4 called RC4-GF, developed by ourselves. RC4-GF incorporates additional steps compared to AES, resulting in a more intricate ciphertext generation process.
The introduction of AES-RC4 brings forth a highly secure encryption technique with increased complexity in the ciphertext compared to traditional AES. By leveraging the combined capabilities of AES and the modified RC4-GF, AES-RC4 offers enhanced encryption strength and improved resistance against cryptographic attacks.
Smart Suspect Tracker Using Deep Learning Model
Authors: B. Sanjai Prasada Rao et al.  
Published: June 2023

Each human progress requires a problem free environment since it influences all components of monetary and social turn of events. Quite possibly the main work in keeping a serene local area is finding lawbreakers. In India, finger impression ID is the most part used to distinguish lawbreakers In most of the cases, The fact is that most Suspects these days are becoming more skilled at trying not to leave their thumbprint on the scene, this type of recognizable proof is restricted. CCTV cameras, have been placed in number of public spots and confidential spots to give reconnaissance activities. CCTV can be used to distinguish the denounced rapidly. we give a Profound Learning model to find the criminal location. It's a two-step process: In camera photos, countenances of individuals are first distinguished and afterward perceived. This method might be utilized in an assortment of surveillance cameras in different areas to persistently screen and look for hoodlums inconspicuous. The police headquarters will be cautioned of a suspect's where abouts after the person in question has been distinguished. The police headquarters will be cautioned of a suspect's when he/she has been found.
PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN DAN KETERAMPILAN PENGELOLAAN DAN MANAJEMEN POSYANDU LANSIA PADA KADER KESEHATAN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS BENGKURING KOTA SAMARINDA
Authors: Khumaidi Khumaidi , Bahtiar Bahtiar 
Published: June 2023

Latar Belakang: Layanan posyandu lansia merupakan salah satu usaha kesehatan masyarakat bagi kesehatan lansia. Optimalisasi pengetahuan dan keterampilan kader merupakan hal yang krusial. Kader diharapkan mampu menerapkan komunikasi dan cara memberikan penyuluhan kesehatan dengan baik dan diterima oleh lansia.
Metode: Pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat dilakukan pada tanggal 20 Oktober 2022 di Aula Pertemuan Puskesmas Bengkuring Kota Samarinda. Pelaksanaan kegiatan ini dilakukan selama 1 (satu) hari yang dibagi menjadi dua sesi yaitu sesi pertama pemaparan materi berkaitan dengan pengelolaan dan manajemen pelayanan posyandu lansia. Selanjutnya, dilanjutkan dengan sesi kedua berupa demonstrasi dan simulasi pengelolaan posyandu lansia dengan pendekatan 5 meja. Sebelum pemaparan materi, peserta diberikan daftar pertanyaan (pre-test). Adapun untuk evaluasi kegiatan diberikan daftar pertanyaan yang sama (post-test). Pertanyaan yang diberikan sebanyak 10 item.
Hasil: Rerata hasil pretest terkait pengetahuan dan keterampilan pengelolaan dan manajemen posyandu lansia adalah 8 dan meningkatkan menjadi 9,6 pada posttest. Kesimpulan: Edukasi dan peningkatan keterampilan berkelanjutan diharapkan dapat terus dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan kader terhadap lansia.
SOME PROBLEMS OF QUALITY ASSURANCE OF MASTER'S THESES
Authors: LUKHVERCHYK V. 
Published: June 2023

The relevance of the article is determined by the need to improve the quality of professional training of graduates
mastering educational programs of the II stage of higher education. A brief analysis of the practice of training masters
in the context of history and modernity, including Belarus, is made. It is noted that only writing a high-quality master's
thesis has always been an indispensable condition for obtaining a master's degree. Some factors, that motivate university
graduates to further improve their professional training, are established. The criteria for assessing the quality of the
dissertation are determined. The most typical mistakes made by undergraduates when preparing a master's thesis are
systematized.