bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exciton dissociation in 2D layered metal-halide perovskites
Authors: Simbula Angelica , Wu Luyan , Pitzalis Federico , Pau Riccardo , Lai Stefano , Liu Fang , Matta Selene , Marongiu Daniela , Quochi Francesco , Saba Michele , Mura Andrea , Bongiovanni Giovanni 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLayered 2D perovskites are making inroads as materials for photovoltaics and light emitting diodes, but their photophysics is still lively debated. Although their large exciton binding energies should hinder charge separation, significant evidence has been uncovered for an abundance of free carriers among optical excitations. Several explanations have been proposed, like exciton dissociation at grain boundaries or polaron formation, without clarifying yet if excitons form and then dissociate, or if the formation is prevented by competing relaxation processes. Here we address exciton stability in layered Ruddlesden-Popper PEA2PbI4 (PEA stands for phenethylammonium) both in form of thin film and single crystal, by resonant injection of cold excitons, whose dissociation is then probed with femtosecond differential transmission. We show the intrinsic nature of exciton dissociation in 2D layered perovskites, demonstrating that both 2D and 3D perovskites are free carrier semiconductors and their photophysics is described by a unique and universal framework.
Disparate behavioral types in wild and reared juveniles of gilthead seabream
Authors: Sanllehi Javier , Signaroli Marco , Pons Aina , Martorell-Barceló Martina , Mulet Júlia , Lana Arancha , Barcelo-Serra Margarida , Aspillaga Eneko , Grau Amalia , Catalán Ignacio A. , Viver Tomeu , Alós Josep 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFish differ consistently in behavior within the same species and population, reflecting distinct behavioral types (BTs). Comparing the behavior of wild and reared individuals provides an excellent opportunity to delve into the ecological and evolutionary consequences of BTs. In this work, we evaluated the behavioral variation of wild and reared juvenile gilthead seabreams,Sparus aurata, a highly relevant species for aquaculture and fisheries. We quantified behavioral variation along the five major axes of fish behavioral traits (exploration-avoidance, aggressiveness, sociability, shyness-boldness, and activity) using standardized behavioral tests and a deep learning tracking algorithm for behavioral annotation. Results revealed significant repeatability in all five behavior traits, suggesting high consistency of individual behavioral variation across the different axes in this species. We found reared fish to be more aggressive, social and active compared to their wild conspecifics. Reared individuals also presented less variance in their aggressiveness, lacking very aggressive and very tame individuals. Phenotypic correlation decomposition between behavioral types revealed two different behavioral syndromes: exploration-sociability and exploration-activity. Our work establishes the first baseline of repeatability scores in wild and reared gilthead seabreams, providing novel insight into the behavior of this important commercial species with implications for fisheries and aquaculture.
Comparison of commercially available differentiation media on cell morphology, function, and anti-viral responses in conditionally reprogrammed human bronchial epithelial cells
Authors: Awatade Nikhil T. , Reid Andrew T. , Nichol Kristy S. , Budden Kurtis F. , Veerati Punnam Chander , Pathinayake Prabuddha S. , Grainge Christopher L. , Hansbro Philip M. , Wark Peter A. B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPrimary air liquid interface (ALI) cultures of bronchial epithelial cells are used extensively to model airway responses. A recent advance is the development of conditional reprogramming that enhances proliferative capability. Several different media and protocols are utilized, yet even subtle differences may influence cellular responses. We compared the morphology and functional responses, including innate immune responses to rhinovirus infection in conditionally reprogrammed primary bronchial epithelial cells (pBECs) differentiated using two commonly used culture media. pBECs collected from healthy donors (n = 5) were CR using g-irradiated 3T3 fibroblasts and Rho Kinase inhibitor. CRpBECs were differentiated at ALI in either PneumaCult (PN-ALI) or bronchial epithelial growth medium (BEGM)-based differentiation media (BEBM:DMEM, 50:50, Lonza)—(AB-ALI) for 28 days. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), immunofluorescence, histology, cilia activity, ion channel function, and expression of cell markers were analyzed. Viral RNA was assessed by RT-qPCR and anti-viral proteins quantified by LEGENDplex following Rhinovirus-A1b infection. CRpBECs differentiated in PneumaCult were smaller and had a lower TEER and cilia beat frequency compared to BEGM media. PneumaCult media cultures exhibited increased FOXJ1 expression, more ciliated cells with a larger active area, increased intracellular mucins, and increased calcium-activated chloride channel current. However, there were no significant changes in viral RNA or host antiviral responses. There are distinct structural and functional differences in pBECs cultured in the two commonly used ALI differentiation media. Such factors need to be taken into consideration when designing CRpBECs ALI experiments for specific research questions.
A novel prognostic signature for hepatocellular carcinoma based on SUMOylation-related genes
Authors: Wang Jianping , Cong Peipei , Jin Zhipeng , Liu Lingli , Sun Dongxu , Zhu Wenjing , Shi Guangjun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSUMOylation (SUMO modification) has been confirmed to play an essential role in the progression of various malignancies. As the value of SUMOylation-related genes (SRGs) in prognosis prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been explored, we aim to construct an HCC SRGs signature. RNA sequencing was utilized to identify differentially expressed SRGs. The 87 identified genes were used in Univariate Cox regression analysis and the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) analysis to build a signature. The accuracy of the model was validated by the ICGC and GEO datasets. The GSEA revealed that the risk score was associated with common cancer-related pathways. The ssGSEA showed that NK cells in the high-risk group were significantly reduced. The sensitivities of anti-cancer drugs confirmed the sensitivity of the high-risk group to sorafenib was lower. Further, our cohort showed that risk scores were correlated with advanced grade and vascular invasion (VI). Finally, the results of H&E staining and immunohistochemistry of Ki67 showed that higher-risk patients are more malignant.
Forensic toxicokinetics of difenidol hydrochloride in vivo verified by practical lethal cases
Authors: Niu Weifen , Ren Tongxi , Wang Yandan , Wang Zheyu , Zhang Chao , Jia Juan , Wei Zhiwen , Su Hongliang , Guo Zhongyuan , Guo Xiangjie , Yun Keming 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) method for the determination of difenidol hydrochloride in biological specimens has been developed. The method exhibited excellent recovery (> 90%) and precision (RSD < 10%), and the LOD was 0.05 μg/mL or μg/g, which met the requirements of bioanalytical method. Through the animal model of the forensic toxicokinetics, the dynamic distribution, postmortem redistribution (PMR) and stability in specimen preservation process of difenidol in animals were studied. The experimental results showed that after intragastric administration, the difenidol’s concentrations in the heart-blood and various organs increased over time except stomach, and then decreased gradually after reaching the peaks of concentration. The toxicological kinetics equation and toxicokinetic parameters were established by processing the data of the mean drug concentration of difenidol changing with time. In PMR experiment, the concentrations of difenidol in some organs closer to the gastrointestinal tract (heart-blood, heart, liver, lung, kidney, and spleen) changed significantly at different time points. But the concentration of difenidol in brain tissues which were far away from the gastrointestinal tract and muscles with larger overall mass was relatively stable. PMR of difenidol was therefore confirmed. Thus, the effect of PMR on the concentration of difenidol in the specimens should be considered in cases involving difenidol poisoning or death. Furthermore, the stability of difenidol in heart-blood samples from poisoned rats was investigated at various time points and under different preservation conditions (20 °C, 4 °C, − 20 °C and 20 °C (1% NaF)) for a period of two months. Difenidol was stable and did not decompose in the preserved blood. Therefore, this study provided the experimental basis for the forensic identification of the cases of difenidol hydrochloride poisoning (death). PMR has been verified by practical lethal cases.
Reducing primary cesarean delivery rate through implementation of a smart intrapartum surveillance system
Authors: Cheng Po Jen , Cheng You Hung , Shaw Steven S. W. , Jang Hung Chi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe rapid changes in clinical maternity situations that occur in a labor and delivery unit can lead to unpredictable maternal and newborn morbidities. Cesarean section (CS) rate is a key indicator of the accessibility and quality of a labor and delivery unit. This retrospective cross-sectional study assesses the nulliparous, term, singleton, vertex (NTSV) cesarean delivery rates before and after the implementation of a smart intrapartum surveillance system. Research data were collected from the electronic medical records of a labor and delivery unit. The primary outcome was the CS rate of the NTSV population. The data of 3648 women admitted for delivery were analyzed. Of the studied deliveries, 1760 and 1888 occurred during the preimplementation and postimplementation periods, respectively. The CS rate for the NTSV population was 31.0% and 23.3% during the preimplementation and postimplementation periods, respectively, indicating a significant 24.7% (p = 0.014) reduction in CS rate after the implementation of the smart intrapartum surveillance system (relative risk, 0.75; 95% confidence interval, 0.71–0.80). In the NTSV population, the vaginal and CS birth groups, no significant difference in terms of newborn weight, neonatal Apgar scores, composite neonatal adverse outcome indicator, and the occurrence of the following: neonatal intensive care unit admission, neonatal meconium aspiration, chorioamnionitis, shoulder dystocia, perineal laceration, placental abruption, postpartum hemorrhage, maternal blood transfusion, and hysterectomy before and after the implementation of the smart intrapartum surveillance system. This study reveals that the use of the smart intrapartum surveillance system can effectively reduce the primary CS rate for low-risk NTSV pregnancies without significantly affecting perinatal outcomes.
Coevolution of the Tlx homeobox gene with medusa development (Cnidaria: Medusozoa)
Authors: Travert Matthew , Boohar Reed , Sanders Steven M. , Boosten Manon , Leclère Lucas , Steele Robert E. , Cartwright Paulyn 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCnidarians display a wide diversity of life cycles. Among the main cnidarian clades, only Medusozoa possesses a swimming life cycle stage called the medusa, alternating with a benthic polyp stage. The medusa stage was repeatedly lost during medusozoan evolution, notably in the most diverse medusozoan class, Hydrozoa. Here, we show that the presence of the homeobox gene Tlx in Cnidaria is correlated with the presence of the medusa stage, the gene having been lost in clades that ancestrally lack a medusa (anthozoans, endocnidozoans) and in medusozoans that secondarily lost the medusa stage. Our characterization of Tlx expression indicate an upregulation of Tlx during medusa development in three distantly related medusozoans, and spatially restricted expression patterns in developing medusae in two distantly related species, the hydrozoan Podocoryna carnea and the scyphozoan Pelagia noctiluca. These results suggest that Tlx plays a key role in medusa development and that the loss of this gene is likely linked to the repeated loss of the medusa life cycle stage in the evolution of Hydrozoa.
Incorporating Metacognitive Strategy Training Into Semantic Treatment Promotes Restitutive and Substitutive Gains in Naming: A Single-Subject Investigation
Authors: Tilton-Bolowsky Victoria E. , Brock Lauren , Nunn Kristen , Evans William S. , Vallila-Rohter Sofia 
Published: July 2023

Purpose:
This study tested the effectiveness of a modified semantic feature analysis (SFA) treatment protocol that incorporated metacognitive strategy training (MST). Regarding its restitutive component, SFA most reliably results in improved word retrieval for treated items and untreated, semantically related items, but evidence of response generalization is often small/inconsistent. Regarding its substitutive component, SFA is thought to facilitate successful communication via habituation of the SFA circumlocution strategy. However, repeated practice with SFA's strategy in the absence of direct MST may not result in independent strategy use and/or generalization. Furthermore, people with aphasia's independent use of the SFA strategy in moments of anomia is presently underreported. To address these limitations, we incorporated MST into SFA and directly measured substitutive outcomes.

Method:
Four people with aphasia participated in 24 treatment sessions of SFA + MST in a single-subject, A-B experimental design with repeated measurements. We measured word retrieval accuracy, strategy use, and explicit strategy knowledge. We calculated effect sizes to measure changes in word retrieval accuracy and strategy use and used visual inspection to assess gains in explicit strategy knowledge from pre- to posttreatment and retention.

Results:
Participants achieved marginally small to medium effects in word retrieval accuracy for treated; untreated, semantically related; and untreated, semantically unrelated items and marginally small to large effects in independent strategy use. Explicit strategy knowledge was variable.

Conclusions:
Across participants, SFA + MST yielded positive changes in word retrieval accuracy or strategy use, or both. Positive changes in word retrieval accuracy were comparable to other SFA studies. Positive changes in strategy use demonstrate preliminary evidence of this treatment's ability to yield restitutive and substitutive gains. Overall, this study offers preliminary evidence of SFA + MST's effectiveness and highlights the importance of directly measuring SFA's substitutive outcomes, which showed that people with aphasia can respond to this treatment in multiple successful ways—not just improved target word production.
Study of dual‐hyperchaos synchronization between an erbium‐doped fiber three‐ring laser and an erbium‐doped fiber dual‐ring laser, and their applications to dual‐channel encoding
Authors: Yan S. L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDual‐hyperchaos synchronization between an erbium‐doped fiber three‐ring laser and an erbium‐doped fiber dual‐ring laser is reported, a dual‐channel encoding and decoding scheme for secure communication. The communication system shows increased security because the three leading Lyapunov exponents are positive. Additionally the dual‐channel scheme enhances encoding flexibility. The result can be used as reference values for chaotic synchronization and for chaotic encoding technology.
A novel investigation into an E2F transcription factor‐related prognostic model with seven signatures for colon cancer patients
Authors: Shen Xiaoyong , Su Zheng , Dou Yan , Song Xin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe pathogenesis of colon cancer, a common gastrointestinal tumour, involves complicated factors, especially a series of cell cycle‐related genes. E2F transcription factors during the cell cycle play an essential role in the occurrence of colon cancer. It is meaningful to establish an efficient prognostic model of colon cancer targeting cellular E2F‐associated genes. This has not been reported previously. The authors first aimed to explore the links of E2F genes with the clinical outcomes of colon cancer patients by integrating data from the TCGA‐COAD (n = 521), GSE17536 (n = 177) and GSE39582 (n = 585) cohorts. The Cox regression and Lasso modelling approach to identify a novel colon cancer prognostic model involving several hub genes (CDKN2A, GSPT1, PNN, POLD3, PPP1R8, PTTG1 and RFC1) were utilised. Moreover, an E2F‐related nomogram that efficiently predicted the survival rates of colon cancer patients was created. Additionally, the authors first identified two E2F tumour clusters, which showed distinct prognostic features. Interestingly, the potential links of E2F‐based classification and ‘protein secretion’ issues of multiorgans and tumour infiltration of ‘T‐cell regulatory (Tregs)’ and ‘CD56dim natural killer cell’ were detected. The authors’ findings are of potential clinical significance for the prognosis assessment and mechanistic exploration of colon cancer.
Les tests rapides d’analyses bactériologiques de lait à la ferme
Authors: Lemaire Guillaume , Perrot Florent , Salat Olivier 
Published: July 2023

Le diagnostic rapide de l’étiologie des mammites représente un nouvel enjeu fondamental dans la maîtrise des infections mammaires en élevage. En effet, cette étape s’avère indispensable à la bonne utilisation des antibiotiques en élevage laitier. Non seulement, le diagnostic permet de n’utiliser les antibiotiques qu’à bon escient, leur emploi étant sans intérêt pour certaines étiologies, mais il permet également de cibler les thérapies avec des antibiotiques à spectre étroit, potentiellement moins générateurs de sélection d’antibiorésistance. Il existe actuellement 4 types de tests rapides permettant l’identification bactérienne en élevage, mais cette offre est appelée à très vite se développer. Les géloses multicompartimentées ont constitué le premier test disponible, mais plus elles permettent une identification précise, plus leur lecture demande une expérience avec laquelle la taille de nos élevages est peu compatible, sans parler de leur mise en œuvre pratique et de la gestion des déchets. Deux tests, le PétrifilmTM et le mastDecide®, sont plus simples d’emploi, mais n’offrent qu’une orientation diagnostique : absence de bactérie, Gram + ou Gram –. Enfin, il existe un appareil automatisé, le Mastatest®, très simple d’emploi, mais fournissant une identification relativement précise ainsi que des résultats d’antibiosensibilité vis-à-vis de 3 antibiotiques. Les avantages et les inconvénients de ces différents tests ainsi que leur positionnement sont abordés dans le texte.
Bactériologie de mammites : quelle place pour le laboratoire d’analyses ?
Authors: Lequeux Guillaume 
Published: July 2023

Au laboratoire, les outils de diagnostic étiologique d’une infection mammaire chez les bovins reposent encore principalement sur la culture et l’identification bactérienne, d’autant plus avec l’apport important de la technologie Maldi-TOF pour l’identification bactérienne ces dernières années. L’identification par Maldi-TOF permet une détermination rapide, facile et fiable des espèces bactériennes isolées et ouvre également des perspectives en termes de caractérisation bactérienne.
L’approche par PCR, disponible depuis une dizaine d’années, permet notamment d’améliorer la sensibilité de la détection, mais constitue une méthode plus sensible aux contaminations et d’interprétation parfois plus délicate que la culture bactérienne.
Les outils de séquençage, plus facilement accessibles dorénavant, ouvrent également des perspectives intéressantes.
La détermination de la sensibilité aux antibiotiques des pathogènes mammaires, bien que limitée dans ses indications, reste un outil indispensable au praticien dans sa prise de décision de thérapeutique antibiotique.
La mise en œuvre de certaines de ces méthodes est envisageable en clinique vétérinaire, mais d’autres (Maldi-TOF, séquençage) resteront probablement réservées quasi-exclusivement au domaine du laboratoire d’analyses. Les approches PCR seront probablement amenées à pouvoir se déployer en ESV dans un avenir proche compte-tenu des nouvelles technologies à présent disponibles.
Neuroendoscopy-Assisted Minimal Invasive Management of Chiari 1 Malformation
Authors: Günerhan Göksal , Çağıl Emin , Dağlar Zeynep , Gündüz Uğur Kemal , Dalgıç Ali , Belen Ahmet Deniz 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective The aim this study is to present the results of the minimal invasive neuroendoscopic-assisted system application as an alternative to traditional surgery in patients with Chiari malformation type 1 (CM type 1) with/without syringomyelia.
Design, Setting, and Participants In the study, data of 22 symptomatic patients were prospectively collected. Before and after the operation, patient characteristics, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow dynamics MRI, and outcome scales scores were recorded. Foramen magnum decompression and C1 total laminectomy were performed. The fibrous band at the craniocervical junction was opened and a durotomy was performed. In patients with a syrinx, the pre- and postoperative axial and sagittal lengths of the syrinx were measured and compared.
Results The mean age of the patients was 32 ± 5 years. There were eight male patients. Ten patients had syrinx. The mean visual analog scale (VAS) score before and after surgery was 8 ± 1.06 and 2.18 ± 1.13, respectively. When evaluated according to the Chicago Chiari Outcome Scale, there was improvement in 20 patients, while there was no change in 2 patients. Syrinx resolved completely in 3 of 10 (13.6%) patients with syringomyelia, and the syrinx volume decreased in 3 patients (13.6%). In 4 of 10 (18.1%) patients, there was no significant change in the syrinx volume. The average operation time was 105 minutes (80–150 minutes). The average blood loss was 40 mL (20–110 mL).
Conclusion Although the study was limited due to the small number of patients with a short follow-up, endoscopic decompression was a safe and effective technique for surgery in CM type 1 patients.
Undetectable=Untransmittable=Universal Access (U=U=U): transforming a foundational, community-led HIV/AIDS health informational advocacy campaign into a global HIV/AIDS health equity strategy and policy priority
Authors: Hui Christian 
Published: July 2023

Background Undetectable=Untransmittable (U=U) first emerged in 2016 as a health information campaign to promote rigorous scientific evidence that people living with HIV (PLHIV) on effective treatment who have reached an undetectable or suppressed viral load cannot pass on the virus sexually. Within 7 years, U=U underwent transformation from a global community-led, grassroots movement into a global HIV/AIDS health equity strategy and policy priority. Methods For this narrative review, a targeted literature search on ‘history’ + ‘Undetectable=Untransmittable’ and/or ‘U=U’ on Google and Google Scholar, in addition to a search of online documents on the Prevention Access Campaign (PAC) website, was conducted. The article utilises an interdisciplinary policy studies approach that recognises the roles of multi-stakeholder, especially that of the community and civil society, to effect policy change. Results The narrative review first provides a synopsis of the scientific origination of U=U. The second section highlights the progress and leadership on U=U led by the PAC and civil society partners and efforts of the PLHIV and ally communities in advocating for the broad recognition and dissemination of the evidence, which has proven to be a game-changer within the HIV/AIDS response. The third section spotlights the recent developments of U=U within the local, national, and multilateral spheres. Conclusion The article ends with recommendations for community and HIV/AIDS multi-stakeholders on how they can further integrate, implement, and strategically utilise U=U as an essential and complementary HIV/AIDS pillar to the current Global AIDS Strategy 2021–2026 to end inequalities to end AIDS by 2030.