bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cadmium in Paddy Soil and Rice Crop in Indonesian Intensive Farming System
Authors: Budianta Dedik , Suarji Muhammad Agung , Napoleon A , Suntoro Suntoro , Santoso Joko , Bolan Nanthi 
Published: September 2023

Agriculture serves as a critical sector underpinning the livelihood of the Indonesian population.. Thus the implementation of this sector involves the use of fertilizers as inputs. However, A prevalent misconception among farmers is that increased fertilization invariably leads to enhanced yield. Excessive fertilization using inorganic compounds, such as phosphorous (P) can elevate levels of Cadmium (Cd), which is a potentially toxic metal for the environment and humans. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the concentration of the heavy metal cadmium (Cd) in both soil and rice plants in Marga Cinta, Belitang Madang Raya District, East Ogan Komering Ulu Regency, South Sumatra, Indonesia. The method involved a comprehensive survey approach and spanned across 96-hectares of paddy fields, which were divided into six distinct locations. Each location comprised 16 hectares of rice fields, with five sample points drilled to a depth of 0-30 cm. The results showed that the content of Cd in paddy soil and rice plants had exceeded national food safety standards. Hence, farmers were advised to balance their use of phosphorus-rich fertilizers with organic ones, mitigating the rise in soil Cd content. This balance necessitates a reduction in the usage of other chemical fertilizers, favoring organic fertilization methods to promote phytoremediation
Orthopedic Sub-Specialties Vary in Representation of Female Fellowship Program Directors
Authors: Fram Brianna , Kazley Jillian , Cannada Lisa 
Published: September 2023

Background Female representation varies among subspecialities as far as existing surgeons and entry of female candidates. Mentorship has been identified as a factor affecting women’s decision to choose a sub-specialty. Orthopaedic fellowship program director gender is an important factor for female applicants in choosing a subspecialty has not been analyzed. Purpose To report on fellowship program director (PD) genders within orthopedic subspecialties and quantify the number of training positions represented by female PDs. Also, to compare the academic ranks and h-indices, of male and female PDs within each specialty. Methods Data was collected by utilizing the San Francisco Match program data, subspecialty program lists, and specific fellowship pages. For each subspecialty, we calculated the percentage of fellowship program and fellowship positions led by female program directors. We compared academic ranks and h-indices between male and female program directors. Statistical significance was defined as a P-value of <0.05. Results Female program directors led 4.7% of programs and 3.4% of fellowship positions. Female leadership varied by subspecialties, highest in orthopedic oncology (20% programs, 18.5% positions) and pediatric orthopedics (13.3% program, 9.6% positions). Lowest female representation in sports (2.2% programs, 1.2% positions) and joints (0.9% programs, 0.5% positions). Female fellowship PDs were more likely to be assistant professors than their male counterparts (39% vs. 22%), and less likely to be full professors (17% vs, 33%), but these differences were not statistically significant (P=0.13). In the 6 subspecialities for which an H-indices was calculated, 5/6 subspecialties there was not significant difference in h-indices. Conclusion Women remain underrepresented in the roles as orthopedic fellowship program directors there is significant variation amongst the subspecialities. Female program directors did not have a significantly different academic rank and H-indices did not differ significantly by program director gender in 5/6 subspecialities.
Enfermedad de Crohn Perianal Fistulizante. Reporte de caso clínico y Revisión bibliográfica.
Authors: Vasquez de la Bandera Gonzenbach Paula Domenica , Siguencia Muñoz Jhonatan Miguel , Acosta Mayorga Carlos Gonzalo , Perez Quiroga Fausto Daniel 
Published: September 2023

RESUMEN

Introducción: La enfermedad de Crohn es una inflamación crónica que resulta de una combinación de interacciones entre la microbiota intestinal, genotipo del huésped y factores ambientales que se caracteriza por tener episodios de actividad y remisión de la inflamación con un curso progresivo que puede avanzar y presentar complicaciones como la estenosis y formación de fístulas.
Presentación de caso: Paciente de 38 años de edad, de aspecto caquéctico ingresa con dolor abdominal difuso, deposiciones diarreicas con moco y sangre, pérdida de peso, y fistula anal tranesfinterica complicada y abscedada, en tratamiento con otros facultativos sin mejora de cuadro clínico.
Conclusión: La identificación de signos clínicos, de laboratorio y de imagen fueron fundamentales para el diagnóstico y diferenciarlo de las otras enfermedades inflamatorias, así mismo destacamos el manejo que se dio a la enfermedad de Crohn perianal puesto que es una variante que predice mal pronóstico y de difícil tratamiento.

Palabras clave: enfermedad de Crohn, fístulas, complicaciones, perianal.
Misi Perdamaian dan Harmoni Semua Agama (Analisis Histori agama-agama samawi dalam Al-Quran)
Authors: Khoirul Ibad 
Published: September 2023

Artikel ini berjudul Misi perdamaian dan harmoni semua agama dengan focus terhadap kajian Analisis Histori agama-agama samawi dalam Al-Quran Penelitian ini merupakan kajian kepustakaan. Sesuai dengan masalah yang akan dibahas, penelitian ini akan di awali dengan menggali dan mengumpulkan berbagai informasi, dokumentasi, data-data melalui studi kepustakaan (liberary reseach). Penulis menerapkan metode tafsir maudhu’i (tematik), sebagai metode tafsir kontemporer yang cukup kuat serta fokus mengkaji sebuah tema dari al-Qur’an, dengan menggunakan pendekatan filosofis, untuk menjelaskan inti, hakikat, atau hikmah mengenai suatu yang berada di balik objek. Tujuan penelitiannya berkaitan dengan mendeteksi misi perdamaian agama samawi dalam Al-Qur`an, Dari hasil penelitian ini setelah menguraikan penafsiran ayat-ayat Al-Qur`an terkait syari`at agama samawi, dapat disimpulkan bahwa secara historis, sepanjang peradaban umat manusia di dunia ini memiliki kecenderungan secara batin untuk menemukan Tuhan (beragama) dan mendekatkan diri kepada Tuhan serta melakukan kebaikan. Dan juga bahwa tidak ada perbedaan antara Islam dengan agama-agama yang lain terkait dengan penghormatan terhadap kehidupan manusia. Semua agama menjunjung tinggi perdamaian dan hak-hak hidup setiap insan. Misi semua rasul kepada ummatnya ialah membawa keadilan dan kedamaian. tidak ada sama sekali agama yang mengajarkan radikalisme dan terorisme, dan sungguh salah menyandarkan radikalisme dan terorisme kepada ajaran agama tertentu.
Urgensi Layanan Bimbingan Konseling dalam Pondok Pesantren
Authors: Miftahul Huda  , Maryam Luailik  
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The importance of Guidance and Counseling in Islamic boarding schools is a discourse study that discusses how the role of counseling can be utilized in the Islamic boarding school environment. Moreover, the problem of Islamic boarding schools related to individual students is very complex and varied. The purpose of this study is to find out how important the role of Counseling is in Islamic boarding schools. The method used in this research is qualitative with a library research approach (literature research). Literature research is carried out by collecting information through the literature, then recording and processing the data that has been obtained. The results of this study found that. Indeed, the role of Guidance and Counseling is very much needed in Islamic Boarding Schools. As an individual who is portrayed and becomes the personal role of the santri, namely Kyai. There needs to be a counselor as a guide and a friend to discuss complaints about problems at Islamic boarding schools.
Abstrak
Pentignya Bimbingan dan Konseling dalam pesantren merupakan sebuah kajian diskursus yang membahas bagaimana peran Konseling dapat di manfaatkan dalam lingkungan pesantren. Apalagi problem pesantren terkait individual santri sangat komplek dan beragam. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui seberapa penting peran Bimbingan Konseling dalam pesantren. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah kualitatif dengan pendekatan library research (penelitian literatur). Penelitian literatur dilakukan dengan cara mengumpulkan informasi melalui pustaka, kemudian mencatat dan mengolah data yang sudah didapatkan. Hasil penelitian ini di temkan bahwa. Memang peran Bimbingan dan Konseling sangat di perlukan dalam Pesantren. Sebagai individual yang di tokohkan dan menjadi role pribadi santri yaitu Kyai. Perlu ada Konselor sebagai pengarah dan teman berdiskusi permasalahan keluh kesah di Pesantren.
Chemical Composition, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Extracts from Dry Leaves and Ash-Dry Leaves of Luffa cylindrica (L.) Roem Cultivated in Vietnam
Authors: Sirisa-Ard Panee , Pholsonklam Kiatisak , Xuyen Dinh Thi , Hang Dinh Thi Dieu , Chinh Vu Dinh , Kim Lê Thiên , Da Cruz Zito Viegas, , Sorncharoen Pacharamon , Nithikathkul Choosak 
Published: September 2023

Luffa cylindrica (L.) Roem was traditionally used to treat stomachaches, as antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant, particularly for atherosclerosis therapy, as a suppository to cure constipation and spleenopathy, as an anthelmintic, carminative, emmenagogue, galactagogue, and as an antiseptic. Therefore, the aim of this study was to study the chemical composition, antibacterial and antioxidant properties of an extract from dry leaves (LuL) compared to ash-dry leaves (LuA) of Luffa cylindrica (L.) Roem.
Our results showed the physical-chemical and phytochemical properties, antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity and the metal ion content of both extracts. The comparison between the extract from dry leaves (LuL) and ash-dry leaves (LuA) of Luffa cylindrica (L.) Roem, showed difference in quantitative phytochemical determination of cardiac glycosides, alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, and triterpenoids. This finding may be related to the LuA sample being burned out incompletely into ash. Furthermore, this study showed that the activity of extracts from dry leaves (LuL) and ash-dry leaves (LuA) contained both bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects. The antioxidant properties observed may be related to , the flavonoids content. The presence of metal ions in both extracts, which may contribute to the known wound healing effects, deserves further study.
Formation of Aldehydes and Ketones from Sulfur, Selenium, and Tellurium Reagents
Authors: Larock Richard C. , Dubrovskiy Anton V. , Markina Nataliya A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Sulfur Acetals

Sulfoxides and α‐Thiosulfoxides

α‐Substituted Sulfones

Thiocarbamates

Thioesters

Vinylic and Allylic Sulfides and Selenides

Miscellaneous Reactions
Formation of Aldehydes and Ketones from Heterocycles
Authors: Larock Richard C. , Dubrovskiy Anton V. , Markina Nataliya A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPyrylium Salts1,3‐Dioxanes3,6‐Dihydro‐2H‐1,2‐oxazines, 5,6‐Dihydro‐4H‐1,2‐oxazines, and 5,6‐Dihydro‐4H‐1,3‐oxazines4,5‐Dihydrooxazoles4,5‐Dihydroisoxazoles and Isoxazoles4,5‐Dihydro‐1H‐imidazolesBenzotriazoles4,5‐DihydrothiazolesThiazolesBenzothiazoles1,3‐Oxathiolane‐3,3‐dioxides1,3‐Benzooxathiolium SaltsBenzimidazolium Salts
Recent Advances in Moiré Superlattice Systems by Angle‐Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy
Authors: Li Yiwei , Wan Qiang , Xu Nan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe last decade has witnessed a flourish in 2D materials including graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) as atomic‐scale Legos. Artificial moiré superlattices via stacking 2D materials with a twist angle and/or a lattice mismatch have recently become a fertile playground exhibiting a plethora of emergent properties beyond their building blocks. These rich quantum phenomena stem from their nontrivial electronic structures that are effectively tuned by the moiré periodicity. Modern angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) can directly visualize electronic structures with decent momentum, energy, and spatial resolution, thus can provide enlightening insights into fundamental physics in moiré superlattice systems and guides for designing novel devices. In this review, first, a brief introduction is given on advanced ARPES techniques and basic ideas of band structures in a moiré superlattice system. Then ARPES research results of various moiré superlattice systems are highlighted, including graphene on substrates with small lattice mismatches, twisted graphene/TMD moiré systems, and high‐order moiré superlattice systems. Finally, it discusses important questions that remain open, challenges in current experimental investigations, and presents an outlook on this field of research.
Overcoming Barriers Associated with Oral Delivery of Differently Sized Fluorescent Core‐Shell Silica Nanoparticles
Authors: Erstling Jacob A. , Bag Nirmalya , Gardinier Thomas C. , Kohle Ferdinand F. E. , DomNwachukwu Naedum , Butler Scott D. , Kao Teresa , Ma Kai , Turker Melik Z. , Feuer Grant B. , Lee Rachel , Naguib Nada , Tallman James F. , Malarkey Henry F. , Tsaur Lieihn , Moore William L. , Chapman Dana V. , Aubert Tangi , Mehta Saurabh , Cerione Richard A. , Weiss Robert S. , Baird Barbara A. , Wiesner Ulrich B. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOral delivery, while a highly desirable form of nanoparticle‐drug administration, is limited by challenges associated with overcoming several biological barriers. Here, the authors study how fluorescent and poly(ethylene glycol)‐coated (PEGylated) core‐shell silica nanoparticles sized 5 to 50 nm interact with major barriers including intestinal mucus, intestinal epithelium, and stomach acid. From imaging fluorescence correlation spectroscopy studies using quasi‐total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, diffusion of nanoparticles through highly scattering mucus is progressively hindered above a critical hydrodynamic size around 20 nm. By studying Caco‐2 cell monolayers mimicking the intestinal epithelia, it is observed that ultrasmall nanoparticles below 10 nm diameter (Cornell prime dots, [C’ dots]) show permeabilities correlated with high absorption in humans from primarily enhanced passive passage through tight junctions. Particles above 20 nm diameter exclusively show active transport through cells. After establishing C’ dot stability in artificial gastric juice, in vivo oral gavage experiments in mice demonstrate successful passage through the body followed by renal clearance without protein corona formation. Results suggest C’ dots as viable candidates for oral administration to patients with a proven pathway towards clinical translation and may generate renewed interest in examining silica as a food additive and its effects on nutrition and health.
Understanding Microstructural Development of Perovskite Crystallization for High Performance Solar Cells
Authors: Ma Yabin , Du Xinyi , Chen Ran , Zhang Lu , An Zhongwei , Jen Alex K.‐Y. , You Jiaxue , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSolution crystallization in film devices has attracted broad interest from various fields such as perovskite solar cells. However, the detailed perovskite crystallization kinetics remain unclear due to the difficulty of in situ observation of grain cluster growth during annealing. This article presents the development of an in situ laser scanning confocal polarized microscopy with a temperature‐controlled stage to observe nucleation and growth of perovskite crystal clusters. It is found that enhanced interactions by a liquid crystal with perovskite form a new intermediate complex that induces diffusion‐controlled growth according to Avrami equation. The retarded cluster growth (63 nm s−1) originates from enlarged diffusion activation energy 40 kJ mol−1 compared with 152 nm s−1 and 37 kJ mol−1 for the Control film during annealing. Finally, the optimized perovskite films with enhanced crystallographic and optical characteristics are applied in solar cells to achieve a champion efficiency of 24.53% with open circuit voltage of 1.172 V and fill factor of 82.78%. The bare device without any protection maintains 89% of its initial efficiency after 6600 h of aging in ambient environment. This work implies that the in situ observation using fluorescence microscopy is a critical for understanding of crystallization kinetics in film devices.
Unlocking the Potential of Li‐Rich Mn‐Based Oxides for High‐Rate Rechargeable Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yang Yali , Gao Chuan , Luo Tie , Song Jin , Yang Tonghuan , Wang Hangchao , Zhang Kun , Zuo Yuxuan , Xiao Wukun , Jiang Zewen , Chen Tao , Xia Dingguo 
Published: September 2023

Lithium‐rich Mn‐based oxides have gained significant attention worldwide as potential cathode materials for the next generation of high‐energy density lithium‐ion batteries. Nonetheless, the inferior rate capability and voltage decay issues present formidable challenges. Here, a Li‐rich material equipped with quasi‐three‐dimensional (quasi‐3D) Li‐ion diffusion channels is initially synthesized by introducing twin structures with high Li‐ion diffusion coefficients into the crystal and constructing a “bridge” between different Li‐ion diffusion tunnels. The as‐prepared material exhibits monodispersed micron‐sized primary particles (MP), delivering a specific capacity of 303 mAh g−1at 0.1 C and an impressive capacity of 253 mAh g−1at 1 C. More importantly, the twin structure also serves as a “breakwater” to inhibit the migration of Mn ions and improve the overall structural stability, leading to cycling stability with 85% capacity retention at 1 C after 200 cycles. The proposed strategy of constructing quasi‐3D channels in the layered Li‐rich cathodes will open up new avenues for the research and development of other layered oxide cathodes, with potential applications in industry.
Astrocyte biomarkers GFAP and YKL‐40 mediate early Alzheimer's disease progression
Authors: Pelkmans Wiesje , Shekari Mahnaz , Brugulat‐Serrat Anna , Sánchez‐Benavides Gonzalo , Minguillón Carolina , Fauria Karine , Molinuevo Jose Luis , Grau‐Rivera Oriol , González Escalante Armand , Kollmorgen Gwendlyn , Carboni Margherita , Ashton Nicholas J. , Zetterberg Henrik , Blennow Kaj , Suarez‐Calvet Marc , Gispert Juan Domingo ,   for the ALFA study
Published: September 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe studied how biomarkers of reactive astrogliosis mediate the pathogenic cascade in the earliest Alzheimer's disease (AD) stages.METHODSWe performed path analysis on data from 384 cognitively unimpaired individuals from the ALzheimer and FAmilies (ALFA)+ study using structural equation modeling to quantify the relationships between biomarkers of reactive astrogliosis and the AD pathological cascade.RESULTSCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid beta (Aβ)42/40 was associated with Aβ aggregation on positron emission tomography (PET) and with CSF p‐tau181, which was in turn directly associated with CSF neurofilament light (NfL). Plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) mediated the relationship between CSF Aβ42/40 and Aβ‐PET, and CSF YKL‐40 partly explained the association between Aβ‐PET, p‐tau181, and NfL.DISCUSSIONOur results suggest that reactive astrogliosis, as indicated by different fluid biomarkers, influences the pathogenic cascade during the preclinical stage of AD. While plasma GFAP mediates the early association between soluble and insoluble Aβ, CSF YKL‐40 mediates the latter association between Aβ and downstream Aβ‐induced tau pathology and tau‐induced neuronal injury.Highlights
Lower CSF Aβ42/40 was directly linked to higher plasma GFAP concentrations.
Plasma GFAP partially explained the relationship between soluble Aβ and insoluble Aβ.
CSF YKL‐40 mediated Aβ‐induced tau phosphorylation and tau‐induced neuronal injury.
Orthogonal Olefination with Organogermanes
Authors: Dahiya Amit , Schoetz Markus D. , Schoenebeck Franziska 
Published: September 2023

AbstractReported herein is a fully orthogonal olefination, which involves the site‐ and E‐selective coupling of aryl germanes with alkenes, tolerating otherwise widely employed coupling handles such as aromatic (pseudo)halogens (C−I, C−Br, C−Cl, C−F, C−OTf, C−OSO2F), silanes and boronic acid derivatives as well as alternative functionalities. This unprecedented [Ge]‐based oxidative Heck coupling proceeds at room temperature with high speed (10 min to 2 hours) and operational simplicity owing to its base‐free and air‐tolerant features.
Cutaneous mastocytoma obscured by allergic contact dermatitis in an infant
Authors: Riva Hannah , Blegen Kristina , Tarbox Michelle 
Published: September 2023

Key Clinical MessageThe diagnosis of solitary mastocytoma is usually made clinically, however, atypical presentations may obscure the diagnosis. We present a unique case of solitary cutaneous mastocytoma in an 11‐month‐old male initially misdiagnosed as atopic dermatitis; the diagnosis was obscured due to the development of an allergic contact dermatitis most likely secondary to topical medications that were being applied to the lesion. The diagnosis of solitary cutaneous mastocytoma is made based on lesion morphology, Darier's sign, and lack of systemic involvement. Most solitary cutaneous mastocytomas resolve before puberty; symptomatic treatment and avoidance of triggers are mainstay therapy.
High‐Intensity Microwave‐Assisted Pyrolysis Liquid Subjected to Supercritical Fluid Extraction with Carbon Dioxide (Case Study: Bio‐phenol)
Authors: Phatthiya Atiphon , Jumrat Saysunee , Punvichai Teerasak , Karrila Seppo , Chotikhun Aujchariya , Pianroj Yutthapong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA crude bio‐oil from high‐intensity microwave‐assisted pyrolysis of oil palm shell was subjected to an attractive, environmentally friendly separation process, namely supercritical fluid extraction with carbon dioxide (scCO2), to study the value‐added chemicals such as bio‐phenol. The operating parameters temperature and pressure were examined above the critical point of carbon dioxide. The yield of scCO2‐oil extract tended to increase significantly with these two parameters according to one‐way ANOVA. The extract yield was within 63.09–67.72 %. The scCO2‐oils were characterized for value‐added chemical components by GC‐MS and compared with the crude bio‐oil. Acids, as the dominant group of chemicals, were enriched by scCO2, and included dodecanoic acid, n‐hexadecanoic acid, and octadecanoic acid. The thermal behavior of scCO2‐oil was studied by thermogravimetry. The production cost of bio‐phenol extracted from scCO2‐oil was estimated and compared with a commercial phenol product.
Chemical identification of microfossils from the 1.88‐Ga Gunflint chert: Towards empirical biosignatures using laser ablation ionization mass spectrometer
Authors: Lukmanov Rustam A. , Tulej Marek , Ligterink Niels F. W. , De Koning Coenraad , Riedo Andreas , Grimaudo Valentine , Neubeck Anna , Wacey David , Wurz Peter 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe article from this special issue was previously published in Journal of Chemometrics, Volume 35, Issue 10, 2021. For completeness we are including the title page of the article below. The full text of the article can be read in Issue 35:10 on Wiley Online Library: https://doi.org/10.1002/cem.3370