bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
5-Hydroxytryptophan inhibits β-casein biosynthesis and promotes goat mammary epithelial cell apoptosis through the JAK2/STAT5a axis and the HTR7
Authors: Du Wei , Zhang Zhi Fei , Xiao Jia Ying , Wang Ying , Liu Weng Yi , Zheng Hui Ling 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is an amine produced in both the mammary gland and the central nervous system. Tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1) catalyzes the conversion of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) into l-tryptophan, which is then converted into 5-HT by monoamine-oxidase (MAO-A). In the mammary gland, 5-HT has been shown to have a variety of paracrine-autocrine actions, including suppressing lactation, controlling the destiny of mammary epithelial cells, and maintaining calcium homeostasis throughout the transition from pregnancy to lactation. To examine the effects of 5-HT on the composition of colostrum and milk, a total of 30 transition Guan Zhong dairy goats were intramuscularly injected with 5-HTP (1.0 mg/kg) every morning before feeding from 10 d before the projected parturition date to the day of parturition. The average number of days animals received injections was 8.2 ± 3.2 d. 5-HTP treatment increased serum 5-HT concentration from days 5 to 2 relative to parturition (P &lt; 0.05), and decreased the casein concentration of colostrum (P &lt; 0.05). In the in vitro experiment, mammary epithelial cells isolated from three individual goats’ mammary glands were separately treated with 200 μM 5-HTP, 30 μM PCPA (the specific inhibitor of TPH1), or 200 μM 5-HTP + 50 μM SB269970 (the selective antagonist of 5-HTR7). The results showed that 200 μM 5-HTP inhibited the expression of β-casein, downregulated the activity of the JAK2/ STAT5a signaling pathway, and promoted the apoptosis of goat mammary epithelial cells (GMECs) (P &lt; 0.05). When GMECs were treated with 30 μM Four-chloro-dl-phenylalanine (PCPA), a specific inhibitor of 5-HT synthesis, the mRNA expression of STAT5a and the phosphorylated STAT5a protein level were upregulated. The 50 μM SB269970 treatment rescued the effects of 5-HTP on GMECs (P &lt; 0.05). Taken together, the results indicated that 5-HTP exerted an inhibitory effect on β-casein synthesis and a proapoptotic effect in GMECs via HTR7 and the JAK2/STAT5a axis.
Foreign National Prisoners and Religious Practice in Irish Prisons
Authors: Doyle David M , Garrihy Joe , Cleary Maria , Murphy Muiread 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis policy and practice note will investigate the extent to which Foreign National Prisoners (FNPs) feel that religious expression is respected in Irish prisons and explore the degree to which the Irish Prison Service (IPS) facilitates these prisoners’ religious dietary preferences. Drawing on 82 semi-structured interviews across eight prisons, the findings demonstrate that while the IPS is generally progressive in accommodating FNPs’ religious needs, provision could be improved in certain respects. The policy and practice note briefly concludes that the IPS could potentially draw on some ‘promising practice’ that has been implemented with respect to religious expression and practice in other European prisons.
The lattice of all 4-valued implicative expansions of Belnap–Dunn logic containing Routley and Meyer’s basic logic Bd
Authors: Robles Gemma , Méndez José M 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The well-known logic first degree entailment logic (FDE), introduced by Belnap and Dunn, is defined with $\wedge $, $\vee $ and $\sim $ as the sole primitive connectives. The aim of this paper is to establish the lattice formed by the class of all 4-valued C-extending implicative expansions of FDE verifying the axioms and rules of Routley and Meyer’s basic logic B and its useful disjunctive extension B$^{\textrm {d}}$. It is to be noted that Boolean negation (so, classical propositional logic) is definable in the strongest element in the said class.
Ecological predictors of mosquito population and arbovirus transmission synchrony estimates
Authors: McMillan Joseph R , Chaves Luis Fernando , Armstrong Philip M 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Quantifying synchrony in species population fluctuations and determining its driving factors can inform multiple aspects of ecological and epidemiological research and policy decisions. We examined seasonal mosquito and arbovirus surveillance data collected in Connecticut, United States from 2001 to 2020 to quantify spatial relationships in 19 mosquito species and 7 arboviruses timeseries accounting for environmental factors such as climate and land cover characteristics. We determined that mosquito collections, on average, were significantly correlated up to 10 km though highly variable among the examined species. Few arboviruses displayed any synchrony and significant maximum correlated distances never exceeded 5 km. After accounting for distance, mixed effects models showed that mosquito or arbovirus identity explained more variance in synchrony estimates than climate or land cover factors. Correlated mosquito collections up to 10–20 km suggest that mosquito control operations for nuisance and disease vectors alike must expand treatment zones to regional scales for operations to have population-level impacts. Species identity matters as well, and some mosquito species will require much larger treatment zones than others. The much shorter correlated detection distances for arboviruses reinforce the notion that focal-level processes drive vector-borne pathogen transmission dynamics and risk of spillover into human populations.
Evaluating colonoscopy screening intervals in patients with Lynch syndrome from a large Canadian registry
Authors: Aronson Melyssa , Gryfe Robert , Choi Yun-Hee , Semotiuk Kara , Holter Spring , Ward Thomas , Gallinger Steve , Cohen Zane , Briollais Laurent 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Lynch syndrome (LS) screening guidelines originally recommended colonoscopy every 1 to 2 years, beginning between the ages of 20 and 25 years. Recent studies have questioned the benefits of these short screening intervals in preventing colorectal cancer (CRC). Our goal is to determine how colonoscopy screening intervals impact CRC in patients with LS.

Methods
We analyzed the demographics, screening practices, and outcomes of patients with LS identified through the clinic based Familial Gastrointestinal Cancer Registry at the Zane Cohen Centre, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada.

Results
A total of 429 patients with LS were identified with median follow-up of 9.2 years; 44 developed CRC. We found a positive trend between shorter screening intervals and the number of adenomas detected during colonoscopy. Any new adenoma detected at screening decreased 10-year CRC incidence by 11.3%. For MLH1 carriers, a screening interval of 1-2 years vs 2-3 years led to a 20-year cumulative CRC risk reduction of 28% and 14% in females and males, respectively. For MSH2 carriers, this risk reduction was 29% and 17%, respectively, and for male MSH6 carriers 18%. Individuals without any adenomas detected (53.4% of LS carriers) had an increased 20-year CRC risk of 25.7% and 57.2% for women and men, respectively, compared with those diagnosed with adenomas at screening.

Conclusions
The recommended colonoscopy screening interval of 1-2 years is efficient at detecting adenomas and reducing CRC risk. The observation that 53.4% of LS patients never had an adenoma warrants further investigation about a possible adenoma-free pathway.
Effects of material characteristics on thermal stress around an equiangular polygonal hole in a thermoelectric material
Authors: Shen Ming-Ho , Liao Yi-Lun , Tseng Shao-Chen , Chao Ching-Kong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this study, we conducted a theoretical analysis of thermal stress around an arbitrarily shaped hole in a thermoelectric material under electric current density and energy flux loading. Based on complex variable methods, conformal mapping, and analytical continuation theorem, the exact solutions of the thermal stress around a hole were obtained for the Seebeck coefficient and electric and heat conductivity. Based on the conversion efficiency equation of thermoelectric materials, higher electrical conductivity and lower heat conductivity should be selected to achieve an optimal design. The theoretical results indicated that higher electrical conductivity could reduce the thermal stress around the hole. However, energy flux and thermal stress concentration might be generated around the adiabatic hole due to the presence of a matrix with lower heat conductivity. Hence, thermoelectric materials with lower thermal conductivity should be selected carefully to avoid premature failure around the hole caused by thermal stress concentration. Finally, we also obtained and discussed the stress intensity factors of a hypocycloid-type crack.
Scrotal squamous cell carcinoma: a case report
Authors: Žulpaitė Giedrė , Žulpaitė Rūta , Vėželis Alvydas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractScrotal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare condition that typically manifests in the sixth decade of life and usually presents as a painless, solitary nodule that slowly increases in size, ulcerates, and gets infected. The diagnosis is often delayed, as the majority of patients tend to avoid seeking medical help due to embarrassment. We present a 62-year-old male with a massive 8 cm ulcerating painless tumor in the scrotum. A patient underwent scrotal extirpation with bilateral orchofuniculectomy and diagnostic bilateral inguinal lymphadenectomy. Histopathology revealed a well-differentiated SCC of the scrotal skin. Ignorance, lack of self-awareness, knowledge about risk factors and aggravated access to healthcare facilities remain important reasons for late diagnosis.
Sigmoid volvulus in a 14-year-old male mimicking acute gastroenteritis
Authors: Senanayake Tharindu , McEwen Ellie C , Naidoo Taryn , Al-Mahaidi Senan , Al-Mahaidi Saad 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSigmoid volvulus is a rare but life-threatening diagnosis in the paediatric population and has only been reported a handful of times in the literature. We describe the case of a 14-year-old boy with abdominal pain and diarrhoea who was diagnosed with a sigmoid volvulus after initially being managed for infectious gastroenteritis. The patient initially presented with a 5-day history of watery stool, 1-day history of profuse vomiting and colicky abdominal pain. Whilst admitted, the patient developed worsening abdominal pain, distention and hyperresonance to percussion. Computed tomography demonstrated a dilated sigmoid colon, with a mesenteric ‘whirl sign’ around the inferior mesenteric artery. The patient underwent a laparotomy, which confirmed a sigmoid volvulus, requiring an anterior resection. This case emphasises the importance for general surgeons to consider the rare diagnosis of sigmoid volvulus in children.
The role of self-compassion and relation satisfaction in the association between child sexual abuse and sexual functioning
Authors: Gewirtz-Meydan Ateret , Lassri Dana 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
The current study is based on the established association between child sexual abuse (CSA) and self-compassion, and CSA and sexual functioning, with an overall goal to better understand how self-compassion explains the association between CSA and sexual functioning.

Aim
The current study examined the role of self-compassion as a potential mediator, and relationship satisfaction as a potential moderator, in the association between CSA and sexual functioning among a nonclinical sample of men and women.

Methods
Participants completed an online survey assessing CSA, self-compassion, sexual functioning, and relationship satisfaction. The sample consisted of 914 individuals, of whom 582 reported currently being in a romantic relationship and were included in the current analysis. The majority of the sample was female (n = 534, 91.8%), with a mean age of 31.85 years (SD, 9.76).

Outcomes
Self-compassion mediated the link between CSA and sexual dysfunction, and relationship satisfaction moderated this same link.

Results
Results indicate that self-compassion mediated the association between CSA and sexual functioning. In addition, there was a significant 2-way interaction between CSA and intimate relationship satisfaction predicting sexual functioning. Specifically, CSA was negatively associated with sexual functioning only when there were low levels of relationship satisfaction, whereas in the presence of average and high intimate relationship satisfaction, the association between CSA and sexual functioning was nonsignificant.

Clinical Implications
Findings from the current study suggest that clinicians working with CSA survivors should take into account survivors’ self-compassion and relational functioning when engaging in therapeutic work around their sexual dysfunction.

Strengths and Limitations
The study included a nonclinical sample of individuals and used self-report measures, which are highly subjective and increase the possibility of social desirability biases. Additional research should be conducted among clinical samples and among couples to explore this model from a dyadic perspective.

Conclusion
Our results highlight the importance of self-compassion and relationship satisfaction when considering sexual dysfunction following CSA.
Fine mapping of the grain chalkiness quantitative trait locus qCGP6 reveals the involvement of Wx in grain chalkiness formation
Authors: Li Jialian , Zhang Cheng , Luo Xia , Zhang Tao , Zhang Xiaoyu , Liu Pin , Yang Wen , Lei Yuekun , Tang Siwen , Kang Liangzhu , Huang Lin , Li Ting , Wang Yuping , Chen Weilan , Yuan Hua , Qin Peng , Li Shigui , Ma Bingtian , Tu Bin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Grain chalkiness is an important index of rice appearance quality and is negatively associated with rice processing and eating quality. However, the genetic mechanism underlying chalkiness formation is largely unknown. To identify the genetic basis of chalkiness, 410 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from two representative indica rice varieties, Shuhui498 (R498) and Yihui3551 (R3551), were used to discover quantitative trait loci (QTLs). The two parental lines and RILs were grown in three locations in China under three controlled fertilizer application levels. Analyses indicated that chalkiness was significantly affected by genotype, the environment, and the interaction between the two, and that heritability was high. Several QTLs were isolated, including the two stable QTLs qCGP6 and qCGP8. Fine mapping and candidate gene verification of qCGP6 showed that Wx may play a key role in chalkiness formation. Chromosomal segment substitution lines (CSSLs) and near-isogenic lines (NILs) carrying the Wxa or Wxin allele produced more chalky grain than the R498 parent. A similar result was also observed in the 3611 background. Notably, the effect of the Wx genotype on rice chalkiness was shown to be dependent on environmental conditions, and Wx alleles exhibited different sensitivities to shading treatment. Using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated 9 (Cas9), the Wxa promoter region was successfully edited; down-regulating Wx alleviates chalkiness formation in NILR498-Wxa. This study developed a new strategy for synergistic improvement of eating and appearance qualities in rice, and created a novel Wx allele with great potential in breeding applications.
Combining quantitative trait locus mapping with multiomics profiling reveals genetic control of corn leaf aphid (Rhopalosiphum maidis) resistance in maize
Authors: Wang Tengyue , Wang Kaiji , Wang Chuanhong , Zhao Yibing , Tao Zhen , Li Junyao , Wang Lei , Shi Jian , Huang Shijie , Xie Chuanxiao , Li Peijin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The corn leaf aphid (Rhopalosiphum maidis) is a major maize pest that frequently causes substantial yield losses. Exploring the genetic basis of resistance to aphids is important for improving maize yield and quality. Here, we used a maize recombinant inbred line population derived from two parents with different susceptibility to aphids, B73 (susceptible) and Abe2 (resistant), and performed quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping using aphid resistance scores as an indicator. We mapped a stable QTL, qRTA6, to chromosome 6 using data from 2 years of field trials, which explained 40.12–55.17% of the phenotypic variation. To further investigate the mechanism of aphid resistance in Abe2, we constructed transcriptome and metabolome libraries from Abe2 and B73 leaves with or without aphid infestation at different time points. Integrating QTL mapping and transcriptome data revealed three aphid resistance candidate genes (Zm00001d035736, Zm00001d035751, and Zm00001d035767) associated with the hypersensitive response, the jasmonic acid pathway, and protein ubiquitination. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes and metabolites were enriched in flavonoid biosynthesis. These findings extend our understanding of the molecular mechanisms controlling aphid resistance in maize, and the QTL and candidate genes are valuable resources for increasing this resistance.
Lexical diversity as a predictor of genre in TV shows
Authors: Akbary Mary , Jarvis Scott 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMany studies have investigated the linguistic characteristics of television and have found important differences between categories of TV programs. Yet, little is known specifically about the lexical profiles of different genres of television discourse. The present study sought to address this gap by exploring the lexical diversity of 714 episodes representing four TV genres. The lexical diversity of each episode was measured using a six-dimensional model of lexical diversity. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine whether the four TV genres in the present study have unique lexical diversity profiles and whether the genres of individual TV episodes can be predicted based on the adopted model. The results indicated that the four genres do indeed exhibit unique lexical diversity profiles; it was also found that the genres of individual TV episodes can be predicted with approximately 91% accuracy based on this model. These findings were interpreted as underscoring the relevance of lexical diversity to genre analysis of TV shows and the importance of using a theoretically grounded multivariate model of this construct.
Royal Netherlands Marechaussee Personnel’s Self-Perceived Occupational Demand Profiles: A Latent Profile Analysis Shows the “Good” Versus the “Bad”
Authors: Stegerhoek Pablo M , van der Zande Jesse , Bolling Caroline , IJzerman Herman , Verhagen Evert A L M , Kuijer P Paul F M 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Research has linked high occupational demands to multiple adverse health outcomes, both physical and mental. As far as we know, researchers have not identified the profile characteristics of military police personnel based on occupational demands. The current study aims to identify profiles based on self-perceived occupational demands and work-related factors. This study is a starting point for characterizing performance and health in a military police population.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study in which we gathered survey data from 1,135 Royal Netherlands Marechaussee members. We used Latent Profile Analysis to identify profiles based on nine indicators of workload and work characteristics selected via focus groups and interviews with Royal Netherlands Marechaussee personnel. We determined if the profiles differed significantly across all indicators with an analysis of variance. Then, we used binominal logistic regression to determine the odds ratio (OR) for the indicators on profile membership.

Results
We discovered two profiles that were distinct across all indicators. Experience (OR = 1.02, 95% CI [1.00–1.04]), autonomy (OR = 1.18, 95% CI [1.06–1.31]), task clarity (OR = 1.49, [1.32–1.69]), and work support (OR = 2.63, 95% CI [2.26–3.09]) were all predictors for a low perceived occupational demand profile. In contrast, mental (OR = 0.18, 95% CI [0.13–0.25]) and physical (OR = 0.42, 95% CI [0.32–0.54]) fatigue, and boredom (OR = 0.14, 95% CI [0.10–0.20]) were predictors for high perceived occupational demand profiles.

Conclusion
We established two distinct profiles that describe the characteristics reported by the Royal Netherlands Marechaussee personnel based on workload and work characteristics. High scores on autonomy, work support, and task clarity predict favorable perceived occupational demands, whereas fatigue and boredom predict unfavorable occupational demands. Remarkably, the physical workload did not predict high perceived occupational demands.
Differential deuterolysin expression with a peak at low pH in human pathogenic fungiTrichophyton rubrumandT. mentagrophytes
Authors: Chen JingJing , Blechert Oliver , Xiong Shuzhen , Zhan Ping 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTrichophyton rubrum and T. mentagrophytes are the most common agents of dermatomycosis, a disease affecting millions worldwide. It has been widely recognized that secreted proteases are a key factor for host colonization. Dermatophytes have an unusually high amount of secreted protease, differentially expressed, and influenced by various conditions. This study analyzed the rule and expression of secreted deuterolysin protease of the M35 protein family in these two representative dermatophyte species. All strains secreted protease and could grow on keratin as the sole carbon and nitrogen source. Adding glucose to the keratin medium reduced the growth rate. Deuterolysin genes were most strongly expressed at acid conditions. NPIIc and NPIId expression was significantly higher than the other three deuterolysins. NPIIc had a high expression level in the two T. rubrum strains but a low expression in T. mentagrophytes strains. Both T. mentagrophytes strains had a high NPIId expression at low pH. NPIIc and NPIId deletion in T. rubrum caused a minor reduction in total protease activity, indicating the redundancy of protease in dermatophytes. It was postulated that protease gene enrichment in dermatophytes allows a sophisticated regulation of protease secretion to cope with changing conditions.
Searching for clues of past binary supermassive black hole mergers in nuclear star clusters
Authors: Mastrobuono-Battisti Alessandra , Ogiya Go , Hahn Oliver , Schultheis Mathias 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTGalaxy mergers are common processes in the Universe. As a large fraction of galaxies hosts at their centres a central supermassive black hole (SMBH), mergers can lead to the formation of a supermassive black hole binary (SMBHB). The formation of such a binary is more efficient when the SMBHs are embedded in a nuclear star cluster (NSC). NSCs are dense and massive stellar clusters present in the majority of the observed galaxies. Their central densities can reach up to $10^7\, {\rm M_{\odot }}\,{\rm pc^{-3}}$ and their masses can be as large as a few $10^7\, {\rm M_{\odot }}$. The direct detection of an SMBHB is observationally challenging. In this work, we illustrate how the large-scale structural and dynamical properties of an NSC can help to identify nucleated galaxies that recently went through a merger that possibly led to the formation of a central SMBHB. Our models show that the merger can imprint signatures on the shape, density profile, rotation, and velocity structure of the NSC. The strength of the signatures depends on the mass ratio between the SMBHs and on the orbital initial conditions of the merger. In addition, the number of hypervelocity stars produced in the mergers is linked to the SMBHB properties. The merger can also contribute to the formation of the nuclear stellar disc of the galaxy.