bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age‐dependent subcortical white and gray matter disruptions in veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder
Authors: Kangarloo Kambiz , Raminfard Samira , Zebardast Jayran , Faghihzadeh Elham , Kondori Bahman Jalali 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction:Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that can develop after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event, and it is associated with a range of functional and structural brain abnormalities. The present study aimed to investigate age-related differences in subcortical grey matter and corresponding white matter in veterans with PTSD.
Material and methods: This study recruited 14 Iran-Iraq war veterans with PTSD, 30 war veterans in Syria with PTSD, and 48 healthy controls. Participants were divided into two age groups to evaluate age-specific alterations in brain regions using structural MRI analysis.
Result: The results showed that individuals with PTSD had significantly smaller subcortical gray matter volumes, including the bilateral thalamus, hippocampus, amygdala, left pallidum, and right accumbens-area (p < 0.05). DTI analyses revealed lower fractional anisotropy in several white matter structures, including the anterior limb of the internal capsule, anterior corona radiata, and cingulum in both hemispheres (p < 0.05). Additionally, the mean diffusivity was higher in the anterior limb of the internal capsule, anterior corona radiata, and cingulum in both hemispheres and the right external capsule (p < 0.05) in individuals with PTSD. Age-specific alterations were also observed in brain regions between the two age groups.
Conclusion:These findings suggest that PTSD is associated with significant structural and functional alterations in the brain, which may contribute to the pathophysiology of the disorder. So, age is a critical factor in exposure to traumatic events. Our results contribute to our understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved in PTSD and could potentially lead to the development of more targeted interventions for individuals with PTSD.
Preoperative Prediction of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Grade based on 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT
Authors: Ma Jiao , Wang Xiaoyong , Tang Mingsong , Zhang Chunyin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
To establish a prediction model for preoperatively predicting grade 1 and grade 2/3 tumors in patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) based on 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT.
Methods
Clinical data of 41 patients with PNETs were included in this study. According to the pathological results, they were divided into grade 1 and grade 2/3. 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT images were collected within one month before surgery. The clinical risk factors and significant radiological features were filtered, and a clinical predictive model based on these clinical and radiological features was established. 3D slicer was used to extracted 107 radiomic features from the region of interest (ROI) of 68Ga-dotata PET/CT images. The Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC), recursive feature elimination (REF) based five-fold cross validation were adopted for the radiomic feature selection, and a radiomic score was computed subsequently. The comprehensive model combining the clinical risk factors and the rad-score was established as well as the nomogram. The performance of above clinical model and comprehensive model were evaluated and compared.
Results
Adjacent organ invasion, N staging, and M staging were the risk factors for PNET grading (p < 0.05). 12 optimal radiomic features (3 PET radiomic features, 9 CT radiomic features) were screen out. The clinical predictive model achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.785. The comprehensive model has better predictive performance (AUC = 0.953).
Conclusion
We proposed a comprehensive nomogram model based on 68Ga-dotatate PET/CT to predict grade 1 and grade 2/3 of PNETs and assist personalized clinical diagnosis and treatment plans for patients with PNETs.
Dominoes with interlocking consequences triggered by zinc: Involvement of microelement- stimulated MSC-derived small extracellular vesicles in senile osteogenesis and osteoclast dialogue
Authors: Yin Shi , Lin Sihan , Xu Jingyi , Yang Guangzheng , Chen Hongyan , Jiang Xinquan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
As societal aging intensifies, senile osteoporosis has become a global public health concern. Bone microdamage is mainly caused by processes such as enhancing osteoclast activity or reducing bone formation by osteoblast-lineage cells. Compared with young individuals, extracellular vesicles derived from senescent bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) increase the transient differentiation of bone marrow monocytes (BMMs) to osteoclasts, ultimately leading to osteoporosis and metal implant failure. To address this daunting problem, an exosome-targeted orthopedic implant composed of a nutrient coating was developed. A high-zinc atmosphere used as a local microenvironmental cue could induce reprogramming of senile osteogenesis and osteoclast dialogue by exosome modification. Bidirectional regulation of intercellular communication via cargoes, including microRNAs carried by exosomes, was detected. Loss- and gain-of-function experiments demonstrated that the key regulator miR-146b-5p regulates the protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway by targeting the catalytic subunit gene of PI3K— PIK3CB. In vivo evaluation using a naturally-aged osteoporotic rat femoral defect model further confirmed that a nutrient coating substantially augments cancellous bone remodeling and osseointegration by regulating local BMMs differentiation. Altogether, this study not only reveals the close link between senescent stem cell communication and age-related osteoporosis but also provides a novel orthopedic implant for elderly patients with exosome modulation capability.
Non-consumptive effects mediated by fire ant footprints mitigate fruit damage by Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel)
Authors: Wen Jian , Xiao Lu , Liu Xin , Zou Yan , Geng Xingyu , Cao Fengqin , Shan Zhe 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) is a major global pest of fruits and vegetables. Interestingly, field studies revealed that the presence of the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren, reduces the visiting frequency of B. dorsalis and fruit damage. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we hypothesized that S. invicta can produce semiochemicals that non-consumptively repel B. dorsalis, thereby reducing damage to fruits caused by feeding and oviposition. We investigated how S. invicta poop, saliva, and footprints influence the behavior of B. dorsalis. Subsequently, we analyzed the chemical composition of S. invicta footprints and conducted field experiments to evaluate their efficacy as repellents against B. dorsalis. The results demonstrated that S. invicta footprints effectively repel the visiting behavior and decrease the number of eggs laid by B. dorsalis. Among the nine compounds identified, d-limonene, acetic acid, and a mixture of seven compounds showed strong repellent effects on the visiting frequency and egg-laying of B. dorsalis. Field experiments confirmed the effectiveness of S. invicta footprint compounds in controlling B. dorsalis, resulting in reduced fruit damage in mango, guava, and wax apple trees. These studies provide valuable insights into the non-consumptive effects of S. invicta footprints on B. dorsalis behavior, unraveling the chemical communication between these two invasive species, and offer new pest control methods using invasive predators when direct release is limited.
Genomic Characterization of HIV-1 Bc Recombinant Viruses
Authors: Oliveira Rodrigo Cunha , Monteiro-Cunha Joana Paixão 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 (HIV-1) is characterized by high rates of genetic diversity, being classified into groups, subtypes and recombinant forms. To date, 14 Circulating Recombinant Forms (CRFs) of subtypes B and C have been identified, three of them in 2021: CRF108_BC in Spain, CRF110_BC and CRF118_BC in China. This study investigated the genetic diversity among circulating BC recombinant viruses. Near-Full Length Genomes (NFLG) of 225 BC strains were retrieved from the Los Alamos database. Recombination and phylogenetic analysis were conducted using bioinformatics tools. Sequences were obtained from 17 countries between 1992 and 2018. Fourteen CRFs and 82 distinct Unique Recombinant Forms (URFs) recombination patterns were identified. Preferential recombination points were found in pol (66.7%) and env (62.5%) genes, while subtype C is the predominant genetic form in gag, vif, vpr, tat, rev, tat2, rev2, nef and 3'-LTR genomic regions. Specific positions in pol and env genes maintain the B subtype, which may be related to the acquisition of adaptive advantage over subtype C.
Assessment of Awareness on Health Impact of Drinking Unsafe Water in Hargeisa, Somaliland
Authors: Ismail Abdihakim Ahmed , Duale Hassan Abdillahi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
a cross-sectional study was conducted at Hargeisa from June to November 2019 to assess awareness and health impacts for drinking unsafe water in Hargeisa. A total of 384 respondents were participated. Out of 384 respondents participated in this study, 69% (265/384) of the respondents are aware of the health impacts for drinking unsafe water, whereas the rest 31% (119/384) are not aware health impacts for drinking unsafe water in the study area. Source of water in this study are tap water (31.8%), water tank vehicle (52.1%) and both tap water and water tank vehicle (16.1%). Education and economic status of the respondents were shown to significant association with the awareness of impacts on drinking unsafe water (P < 0.05), where location, gender and age were not shown statistical significant association (P > 0.05). Drinking unsafe water leads occurrence of water borne diseases, diarrhea and kidneys complications.
Studies In Rhythmical Sedimentation Pattern within The Nigerian Upper Benue-Dadiya Syncline and its Paleogeographic implication
Authors: Opeloye S. A. , Olabanji S. O. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Studies in the cyclic beddings in the Dadiya Syncline reflect varying depositional environments constrained under sea level fluctuation as well as crustal subsidence spanning the period of Aptian to Santonian. The identified environments of depositions are the continental Bima Sandstone, the coastal beach Yolde Formation, the brackish Jessu and Sukuliye Formations, the open marine Dukul and Numanha Formations as well as marginal marine Lamja Sandstone. The environments are deduced from carbonate microfacies characteristics as well as foraminifera and ostracod microfossil assemblages. The open marine conditions of Dukul, Numanha and the topmost Lamja beds are indicative of the three cycles of paleo-sea level rise in the Dadiya Syncline rock record.
AI based Metaheuristic Optimization of PEMFC Control System for Robust and Efficient Operation
Authors: Aboshosha Ashraf , Gouda Mohamed M. , Awad Hilmy , Hamad Hisham A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) have several merits over the other fuel cells like low operating temperature, high power density, light weight, and robustness, fitting them in a wide variety of green energy applications. The most important application area of the PEMFC is hydrogen cars (Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles – FCEV), stationary and portable hydrogen power systems. Throughout the presented research work the complete three cycles of the fuel cell control are presented which are the control system, the FCEV control and the AI based metaheuristic optimization. The presented algorithm includes the PI controller – PI-based HHO-PI-based AEO-PI-based GWO-PI-based PSO. An objective statistical comparison among the presented algorithms to select the best one of them according to perfect criteria.
A unified approach to evolutionary conservation and population constraint in protein domains highlights structural features and pathogenic sites
Authors: MacGowan Stuart A. , Madeira Fábio , Britto-Borges Thiago , Barton Geoffrey J. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The molecular evolution of a protein is constrained by its structure and function. This is how patterns of evolutionary conservation in a multiple sequence alignment can be exploited by algorithms like AlphaFold to predict structure and other features. Human population sequencing offers the potential to show similar trends within a single species. However, although gene-level and domain-level aggregation of variants is routinely applied, data still preclude simple residue-level analysis per protein. Here, we aggregate population variants within protein domain families to define the missense enrichment score (MES) which captures population constraint at positions in the family. Contrasting MES with evolutionary conservation identifies positions that are key to protein-ligand and protein-protein interaction specificity as well as locations critical to folding, function and pathogenicity. This approach also highlights a new class of pathogenic variant hot spot at positions that are evolutionarily conserved yet enriched in missense variants. We found 5,086 positions in 766 domain families were missense depleted (covering 365,300 residues in the human proteome) and 13,490 positions in 3,591 families were enriched in missense variants (340,829 residues in human) and provide a map of residue-level population constraint in human. Comparison to 61,214 three dimensional structures from the Protein Data Bank, covering 40,394 sequences from 3,661 Pfam domains, and over 10,000 variants labelled pathogenic in ClinVar provides validation of these sites in context with structure and pathogenicity. Application to the GPCR family identifies 17 sites important for ligand binding specificity as well as sites key to function in all members of the GPCR family. For nuclear receptor ligand binding domains, of 10 likely specificity sites, six are in direct contact with ligands. In P450s the most conserved and missense depleted sites interact with the electron donor. This study will have broad applications to: (a) providing focus for functional studies of specific proteins by mutagenesis; (b) refining pathogenicity prediction models; (c) highlighting which residue interactions to target when refining the specificity of small-molecule drugs.
Exceptional-point-enhanced phase sensing
Authors: Yang Lan , Mao Wenbo , Fu Zhoutian , Li Yihang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Optical sensors have become indispensable in various fields, ranging from gravitational wave detection to biomedical imaging and structural health monitoring. Target information is commonly encoded in the phase changes of optical signals. Enhancing the sensitivity to phase changes is crucial for detecting weak signals and extracting valuable data. Recently, exceptional points (EPs), a spectral singularity in non-Hermitian systems, have been explored in various physical systems for sensitivity enhancement. However, it requires precisely controlling the sensor parameters, which restricts the applicability of EP enhancement to certain types of sensors. To overcome this limitation, we propose a novel configuration to implement EP-enhanced sensing. In this approach, a conventional sensor is connected to a microresonator operated at EPs via an optical waveguide. The EP microresonator amplifies optical phase changes from the sensor, converting them into distinct and quantifiable resonance splitting in the transmission spectra of the system. As a proof-of-concept, we demonstrate a six-fold enhancement in the detection limit of fiber-optic strain sensing using this EP-enhanced configuration. By separating the EP control from the sensor to eliminate the need to finely tune the sensor, our configuration enables EP enhancement for a wide range of conventional sensors. This work provides a promising universal platform to apply EP enhancement to diverse phase-dependent structures for ultrahigh-sensitivity sensing in various applications.
Lie Algebras of Univariate and Bivariate Hermite polynomials and New Generating Function
Authors: Amiri Manouchehr 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper presents the connections between univariate and bivariate Hermite polynomials and associated differential equations with specific representations of sl(2, R) algebra whose Cartan sub-algebras coincide with the differential operators involved in these differential equations. Applying the Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff formula to these algebras, results in new relations and generating functions in one-variable and Bivariate Hermite polynomials. A general form of sl(2, R) representation for other special polynomials such as Laguerre and Legendre polynomials is introduced. A new generating function for Hermite polynomials is presented.
MSC codes: 33C45 ; 16S30 ; 05A15
Prevalence of COVID-19 vaccines among Damascus hospital nurses and evaluation of side effects
Authors: Juratli Asaad Abdulrazzak , Mhana Yulian Abou ali , Nahas Louei Darjazini 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction: After the World Health Organization declared the end of the Covid 19 pandemic as a global emergency, the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 continues to spread in several countries around the world, and in the absence of an effective treatment, the vaccine was the best hope to control this disease. the disease. Nurses participated in the front lines in the battle against COVID-19, in this study we seek to assess the spread of the vaccine and its side effects among the nurses of Damascus Hospital. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among nurses at Al-Mujtahid Hospital in Damascus, using the appropriate sampling method. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. A self-administered and filled-out questionnaire distributed in paper form, which was used in previous studies. The study included 143 participants. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB), Faculty of Human Medicine, Syrian Private University. Results: Out of 143 participants, 90% were females and 10% were males. With an average age of 29.7 years. 36.4% of the participants stated that they took the vaccine in its full program with two doses, 23.7% took the vaccine in its full program in its single dose only, and 39.9% did not receive the vaccine. High fever was the most prominent symptom, especially after receiving the first dose of the vaccine. Most of those who received the Sinopharm vaccine showed mild side effects, 27.8%, prominently compared to the rest of the types of vaccines. Most of those who received another vaccine (Pfizer, Moderna, Johnson, AstraZeneca, or combination among More than one type) greater side effects compared to the rest of the vaccines, namely Sputnik and Sinopharm. Conclusion: This study revealed that almost all of the side effects that occurred were similar to those reported in the literature, indicating that almost all of the side effects of COVID-19 vaccines are known at this time. Most are not life threatening, with most cases being mild to moderate in severity and resolving within a few days. There were statistically significant relationships between the type of vaccine and the different side effects. More comprehensive studies must be conducted and others also to investigate the possible causes of each vaccine.
The energy consumption of the process of joining steel sheets with the use of clinching with and without an additional rivet, and analysis of sheet deformation and mechanical strength of joints
Authors: Mucha Jacek , Boda Łukasz , Witkowski Waldemar 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In the case of thin-walled structures, the geometric accuracy of the products is particularly important. The implementation of the parts joining process requires various tools and technological equipment. For clinching joints, their geometric quality, energy requirement of the forming process, and joint load capacity are very important issues. Clinching technology has been used for at least two decades, and research is still being conducted to improve it. This paper presents the results of research on the impact of process modification, i.e., the use of different tools and the shape of the additional rivet, on the joint geometrical quality, the energy consumption of the forming process, distortion of the DX51D + Z/275 steel samples, and the load capacity of the joints. The research was carried out using three different sets of tools. The effect of changing the shape of the rivet (the hole and its diameter and depth) on the reduction of the forming force and the energy consumption of the joining process was analysed. For joints made with different tools and with an additional rivet, an analysis of the size of the sheet deviation was performed. Changes in the geometric structure of the joint interlock and changes in the surface flatness of the sheets in the area of the joint axis were observed. The impact of the proposed rivet modification on the change in the effectiveness of the forming process was determined. Identification of the strength of the joints was also carried out in the shear test of the lap joint. The energy consumption up to fracture was calculated. It has been found that it is possible to significantly increase the joint load capacity and reduce the forming force of the clinch-rivet joints.
Exploitation of the powerful capabilities of the parametric programming technique for maximizing the efficient operation of CNC machine tools
Authors: Omirou Sotiris , Charalambos Chasos 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Parametric programming is a high-level G-code language that is widely available in modern CNC controls. Its utilization in specific machining applications can provide significant benefits for industrial manufacturing units by maximizing the efficient operation of their CNC equipment. Parametric programming serves as a complementary tool to CAD/CAM systems and enables the development of concise and intelligent G-code programs with advanced capabilities. Its advantageous use is particularly justified in the invention of new canned cycles and the interpolation of complex curves that are of industrial interest. This paper focuses on three representative CNC machining cases. The first two cases involve the development of new cycles for pocket machining, specifically a trapezoid and a hexagonal pocket. The third case addresses the motion generation along an epicycloid curve, which is necessary for machining cycloidal discs, the primary components of cycloid drivers. The three cases presented effectively showcase the robust capabilities of parametric programming, highlighting its ability to directly extend programmable manufacturing features and eliminate reliance on CAD/CAM software. This not only reduces preparation time, which is the primary advantage offered by canned cycles, but also enhances the ease of CNC manipulation when dealing with complex curves.
Analyzing the System Features, Usability, and Performance of a Containerized Application on Serverless Cloud Computing Systems
Authors: Abraham Anoop , Yang Jeong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

This study analyzed the features, usability, and performance of three serverless cloud computing platforms: Google Cloud’s Cloud Run, Amazon Web Service’s App Runner, and Microsoft Azure’s Container Apps. The analysis was conducted on a containerized mobile application designed to track real-time bus locations for San Antonio public buses on specific routes and provide estimated arrival times for selected bus stops. The study evaluated various system-related features, including service configuration, pricing, and memory & CPU capacity, along with performance metrics such as container latency, Distance Matrix API response time, and CPU utilization for each service. The results of the analysis revealed that Google’s Cloud Run demonstrated better performance and usability when compared to AWS’s App Runner and Microsoft Azure’s Container Apps. Cloud Run exhibited lower latency and faster response time for distance matrix queries. These findings provide valuable insights for selecting an appropriate serverless cloud service for similar containerized web applications.