bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protocol for the development of a guideline on post-extubation respiratory support for mechanically ventilated patients in the ICU
Authors: Hu Xiaofang , Cheng Jie , Hou Jialu , Zhang Min , Han Yan , Tian Jinhui 
Published: January 2025

Prophylactic respiratory support for patients after extubation is effective in improving their outcomes and prognosis. However, the optimal post-extubation respiratory support for different populations and disease types of mechanically ventilated patients remains controversial, and there is a lack of detailed, multidisciplinary, evidence-based recommendations for clinical application.

Methods and Analysis
This protocol strictly follows the development process outlined in the WHO Handbook for Guideline Development and Guidelines 2.0, as well as the guidelines for the development of relevant methodological standards. Key steps in developing the guideline include: (1) establishing the guideline working groups, (2) defining the scope of guideline application, (3) selecting the priority clinical questions, (4) retrieving and screening evidence, (5) grading the quality of evidence, (6) forming recommendations and (7) conducting an external review.

Ethics and dissemination
Ethical approval has been granted by Changzhi People’s Hospital (2023K023). Findings from this study will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications.

Guideline registration
PREPARE-2023CN418.
Does semaglutide reduce alcohol intake in Danish patients with alcohol use disorder and comorbid obesity? Trial protocol of a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial (the SEMALCO trial)
Authors: Klausen Mette Kruse , Kuzey Tugba , Pedersen Julie Niemann , Justesen Signe Keller , Rasmussen Line , Knorr Ulla B , Mason Graeme , Ekstrøm Claus Thorn , Holst Jens Juul , Koob George , Benveniste Helene , Volkow Nora D , Knudsen Gitte M , Vilsbøll Tina , Fink-Jensen Anders 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a massive burden for the individual, relatives and society. Despite this, the treatment gap is wide compared with other mental health disorders. Treatment options are sparse, with only three Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved pharmacotherapies. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists have shown promising effects in reducing alcohol consumption in preclinical experiments, and clinical trials are in high demand to investigate these potentially beneficial effects in patients diagnosed with AUD.

Methods and analysis

The effects of the once-weekly GLP-1 receptor agonist semaglutide will be investigated in a 26-week, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blinded clinical trial. 108 patients diagnosed with AUD and comorbid obesity (body mass index (BMI)≥30 kg/m
2
)) will be randomised to treatment with either semaglutide or placebo in combination with cognitive behavioural therapy. A subgroup of the patients will have structural, functional and neurochemical brain imaging performed at baseline and after 26 weeks of treatment.
The primary endpoint
is the reduction in heavy drinking days, defined as days with excess consumption of 48/60 g of alcohol per day (women and men, respectively).
Secondary endpoints
include changes from baseline to week 26 in alcohol consumption, smoking status, quality of life, fibrosis-4 score, plasma concentration of phosphatidylethanol, brain gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels, alcohol cue reactivity, functional connectivity and white matter tract integrity.

Status
Recruitment started in June 2023.

Ethics and dissemination
The study is approved by the Ethics Committee of the Capital Region of Denmark, the Danish Board of Health and the Danish Data Protection Agency. All patients will sign the written consent form before being included in the trial. Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations. After the results are published, all de-identified data will be available in the Mendeley database.

Trial registration number

NCT05895643
.
Identifying people with post-COVID condition using linked, population-based administrative health data from Manitoba, Canada: prevalence and predictors in a cohort of COVID-positive individuals
Authors: Katz Alan , Ekuma Okechukwu , Enns Jennifer E , Cavett Teresa , Singer Alexander , Sanchez-Ramirez Diana C , Keynan Yoav , Lix Lisa , Walld Randy , Yogendran Marina , Nickel Nathan C , Urquia Marcelo , Star Leona , Olafson Kendiss , Logsetty Sarvesh , Spiwak Rae , Waruk Jillian , Matharaarachichi Surani 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveMany individuals exposed to SARS-CoV-2 experience long-term symptoms as part of a syndrome called post-COVID condition (PCC). Research on PCC is still emerging but is urgently needed to support diagnosis, clinical treatment guidelines and health system resource allocation. In this study, we developed a method to identify PCC cases using administrative health data and report PCC prevalence and predictive factors in Manitoba, Canada.DesignCohort study.SettingManitoba, Canada.ParticipantsAll Manitobans who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 during population-wide PCR testing from March 2020 to December 2021 (n=66 365) and were subsequently deemed to have PCC based on International Classification of Disease-9/10 diagnostic codes and prescription drug codes (n=11 316). Additional PCC cases were identified using predictive modelling to assess patterns of health service use, including physician visits, emergency department visits and hospitalisation for any reason (n=4155).OutcomesWe measured PCC prevalence as % PCC cases among Manitobans with positive tests and identified predictive factors associated with PCC by calculating odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals, adjusted for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics (aOR).ResultsAmong 66 365 Manitobans with positive tests, we identified 15 471 (23%) as having PCC. Being female (aOR 1.64, 95% CI 1.58 to 1.71), being age 60–79 (aOR 1.33, 95% CI 1.25 to 1.41) or age 80+ (aOR 1.62, 95% CI 1.46 to 1.80), being hospitalised within 14 days of COVID-19 infection (aOR 1.95, 95% CI 1.80 to 2.10) and having a Charlson Comorbidity Index of 1+ (aOR 1.95, 95% CI 1.78 to 2.14) were predictive of PCC. Receiving 1+ doses of the COVID-19 vaccine (one dose, aOR 0.80, 95% CI 0.74 to 0.86; two doses, aOR 0.29, 95% CI 0.22 to 0.31) decreased the odds of PCC.ConclusionsThis data-driven approach expands our understanding of the prevalence and epidemiology of PCC and may be applied in other jurisdictions with population-based data. The study provides additional insights into risk and protective factors for PCC to inform health system planning and service delivery.
Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus among people with Middle Eastern backgrounds living in high-income countries: a systematic review
Authors: Dimassi Ahmad , Lunnay Belinda , Aylward Paul , Tyndall Jessica , Ward Paul R 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesThis systematic review aims to assess the available evidence on the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among Middle Eastern (ME) populations residing in high-income countries (HICs). The review focuses on two key aspects: (1) evaluating the efficacy of interventions for improving health outcomes and (2) examining the barriers to and facilitators of the implementation and effectiveness of interventions.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesMEDLINE, ProQuest Central and Scopus were searched between 10 September 2023 and 10 October 2023.Eligibility criteriaStudies published in English from 2000 to 2023 involving ME populations residing in HICs who are prediabetic or at high risk of T2DM. Interventions included behavioural, pharmacological and educational strategies, with outcomes assessed in terms of diabetes incidence, lifestyle changes and healthcare utilisation, as well as barriers and facilitators of intervention effectiveness.Data extraction and synthesisData were extracted and synthesised based on study design, geographical location, participant characteristics, type of approach and key outcomes. A narrative synthesis was used to identify patterns in intervention effectiveness, barriers (eg, cultural and gender norms, language) and facilitators (eg, family support, religious considerations).Results20 studies were included and categorised into two groups: interventional studies (randomised controlled trials and quasi-experimental designs) and qualitative and cross-sectional studies. Interventional studies demonstrated significant improvements in health outcomes, including weight loss, increases in physical activity and improved cardiometabolic markers. Qualitative studies revealed important insights into the sociocultural factors facilitating T2DM prevention that must be considered for effective interventions, including gender norms, family dynamics (relations, interactions, etc) and religious beliefs, with barriers including language, lack of health insurance, unaffordable financial costs and social isolation.ConclusionsThis systematic review highlights the effectiveness of culturally sensitive interventions in preventing T2DM among ME populations in HICs. It emphasises a need for co-designed, culturally appropriate interventions that involve people from ME populations in HIC with lived experience of T2DM, healthcare providers and community stakeholders.PROSPERO registration numberPROSPERO, CRD42023457123.
Diabetic foot ulcer photography study: a study within a trial to assess the reliability of two-dimensional (2D) photography for the assessment of ulcer healing in patients with diabetes-related foot ulcers—protocol paper
Authors: Brown Sarah Tess , Collier Howard , Askew Lucy , Gilberts Rachael Mary , Sharples Linda D , Nixon Jane , McGinnis Elizabeth , Backhouse Michael , Game Frances , Faulks Phil , Ransom Myka , Everett Colin Charles , Nelson E Andrea , Russell David 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe primary endpoint in diabetes-related foot ulcer (DFU) trials is often time to healing, defined as complete re-epithelialisation with absence of drainage, requiring clinical expert assessment as the gold standard. Central blinded photograph review for confirmation of healing is increasingly being undertaken for internal validity. The Diabetic Foot Ulcer Photography study aims to determine the agreement between blinded independent review panel members for assessing ulcer healing status in patients with DFUs.Methods and analysisPhotographs of ulcers clinically assessed as healed or not healed across 300 participants recruited to one of two randomised controlled trials (MIDFUT and CODIFI2), will be independently reviewed by a central blinded panel consisting of four clinicians with expertise in ulcer healing assessment. Staff at recruiting sites will take photographs using a standardised camera and protocol. Photographs will be reviewed at three levels of magnification: raw image, image standardised to a measurement scale included in the photograph and standardised image with magnification permitted. Reviewers will assess the healing status and their confidence level in making a healing judgement, with reasons reported for a low confidence rating. Analysis at each level of magnification will estimate inter- and intra-rater reliability on the assessments of healing of photographs with the clinical assessment (primary) and confidence rating using multivariable logistic mixed models. Analysis of the learning curve for the assessment of healing and confidence rating will use exponential and two-phase models.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval has been granted by the National Research Ethics Service Committees (MIDFUT 17/YH/0055; CODIFI2 18-WS-0235). All participants will provide a written informed consent for photography before recruited onto the respective study. Photographs will be transferred to the trials’ coordinating centre via a secure file transfer service and saved in a restricted access folder on a secure server. Results will be disseminated via publications in scientific journals and conference presentations.Trial registration numberMIDFUT (ISRCTN64926597) and CODIFI2 (ISRCTN74929588).
Prediction of pancreatic cancer risk in patients with new-onset diabetes
Authors: Khan Salman 
Published: January 2025

Background: Pancreatic cancer remains the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States despite its lower incidence, primarily due to late-stage diagnosis. While early detection could double survival rates, screening the general population is not cost-effective due to low disease prevalence and technical limitations.
Summary: This review examines the relationship between diabetes and pancreatic cancer, highlighting how diabetes types differently impact cancer risk. New-onset diabetes triples pancreatic cancer risk compared to the general population, while long-standing diabetes doubles it. Several prediction models have been developed to identify high-risk individuals among new-onset diabetes patients, with recent models achieving AUCs up to 0.91. Current biomarkers like CA 19-9 show improved utility when combined with other clinical parameters, though they remain inadequate for general population screening. Cost-effectiveness analysis suggests screening becomes viable when three-year cancer incidence exceeds 2% and 25% of cases are detected at a localized stage.
Key Messages:
●	New-onset diabetes presents a stronger risk factor for pancreatic cancer than long-standing diabetes
●	Multiple prediction models show promise but face challenges with missing data and cross-population validation
●	Integrated approaches combining clinical parameters, biomarkers, and machine learning offer the most promising path forward for early detection
●	Current detection rates fall below cost-effectiveness thresholds, highlighting the need for improved screening strategies
Genetic parameters and genome-wide association studies including the X chromosome for various reproduction and semen quality traits in Nellore cattle
Authors: de Carvalho Felipe E. , Ferraz José Bento S. , Pedrosa Victor B. , Matos Elisangela C. , Eler Joanir P. , Silva Marcio R. , Guimarães José D. , Bussiman Fernando , Silva Barbara C. A. , Mulim Henrique A. , Rocha Artur Oliveira , Araujo Andre C. , Wen Hui , Campos Gabriel S. , Brito Luiz F. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
The profitability of the beef industry is directly influenced by the fertility rate and reproductive performance of both males and females, which can be improved through selective breeding. When performing genomic analyses, genetic markers located on the X chromosome have been commonly ignored despite the X chromosome being one of the largest chromosomes in the cattle genome. Therefore, the primary objectives of this study were to: (1) estimate variance components and genetic parameters for eighteen male and five female fertility and reproductive traits in Nellore cattle including X chromosome markers in the analyses; and (2) perform genome-wide association studies and functional genomic analyses to better understand the genetic background of male and female fertility and reproductive performance traits in Nellore cattle.

Results
The percentage of the total direct heritability (h2total) explained by the X chromosome markers (h2x) ranged from 3 to 32% (average: 16.4%) and from 9 to 67% (average: 25.61%) for female reproductive performance and male fertility traits, respectively. Among the traits related to breeding soundness evaluation, the overall bull and semen evaluation and semen quality traits accounted for the highest proportion of h2x relative to h2total with an average of 39.5% and 38.75%, respectively. The total number of significant genomic markers per trait ranged from 7 (seminal vesicle width) to 43 (total major defects). The number of significant markers located on the X chromosome ranged from zero to five. A total of 683, 252, 694, 382, 61, and 77 genes overlapped with the genomic regions identified for traits related to female reproductive performance, semen quality, semen morphology, semen defects, overall bulls’ fertility evaluation, and overall semen evaluation traits, respectively. The key candidate genes located on the X chromosome are PRR32, STK26, TMSB4X, TLR7, PRPS2, SMS, SMARCA1, UTP14A, and BCORL1. The main gene ontology terms identified are “Oocyte Meiosis”, “Progesterone Mediated Oocyte Maturation”, “Thermogenesis”, “Sperm Flagellum”, and “Innate Immune Response”.

Conclusions
Our findings indicate the key role of genes located on the X chromosome on the phenotypic variability of male and female reproduction and fertility traits in Nellore cattle. Breeding programs aiming to improve these traits should consider adding the information from X chromosome markers in their genomic analyses.
Effect of acute kidney injury care bundle on kidney outcomes in cardiac patients receiving critical care: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ahmed Fatma Refaat , Al-Yateem Nabeel , Nejadghaderi Seyed Aria , Gamil Rawia , AbuRuz Mohannad Eid 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Cardiac surgery is a major contributor to acute kidney injury (AKI); approximately 22% of patients who undergo cardiac surgery develop AKI, and among them, 2% will require renal replacement therapy (RRT). AKI is also associated with heightened risks of mortality and morbidity, longer intensive care stays, and increased treatment costs. Due to the challenges of treating AKI, prevention through the use of care bundles is suggested as an effective approach. This review aimed to assess the impact of care bundles on kidney outcomes, mortality, and hospital stay for cardiac patients in critical care.

Methods
PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE were searched up to November 2024. Inclusion criteria were studies on individuals with cardiac diseases receiving critical care, that used AKI care bundle as the intervention, and reported outcomes related to AKI, mortality, and other kidney-related events. We used the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool 2 and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for quality assessment. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) or risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.

Results
Seven studies on total 5045 subjects, including five observational and two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. The implementation of care bundles significantly reduced the incidence of all-stage AKI (OR: 0.78; 95%CI: 0.61–0.99) and moderate-severe AKI (OR: 0.56; 95%CI: 0.43–0.72). Also, the implementation of care bundle increased the incidence of persistent renal dysfunction after 30 days by 2.39 times. However, there were no significant changes in RRT, major adverse kidney events, or mortality between the groups. The mean quality assessment score for observational studies was 7.2 out of ten, while there were noted concerns in the risk of bias assessment of the RCTs.

Conclusions
The application of care bundles in patients, including those undergoing cardiac surgeries as well as non-cardiac critical illness, appears to be effective in reducing AKI, particularly in moderate and severe stages. However, given the inclusion of non-cardiac patients in some studies, the observed effect may not be solely attributable to cardiac surgery cases. Future large-scale RCTs focusing specifically on cardiac surgery patients are recommended to clarify the impact of care bundles within this subgroup.

Registration ID in PROSPERO
CRD42024498972.
Habitat preference of the dinosaurs from the Ibero-Armorican domain (Upper Cretaceous, south-western Europe)
Authors: Vázquez López Bernat Josep , Sellés Albert , Prieto-Márquez Albert , Vila Bernat 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPaleoenvironmental preferences for Cretaceous dinosaurs at a regional scale have been mainly assessed in North America. In south-western Europe, the dinosaur-bearing formations ranging the late Campanian to the latest Maastrichtian encompass coastal and lowland environments that produced hundreds of fossil localities with evidence of titanosaurian sauropods, maniraptoran and abelisauroid theropods, and nodosaurid ankylosaurs, together with rhabdodontid and hadrosauroid ornithopods. In order to study environmental associations of dinosaur taxa, we have revised, updated, and expanded upon an existing database that compiles the occurrence and minimum number of individuals for the dinosaur-bearing formations spanning the upper Campanian to the uppermost Maastrichtian of South-Western Europe. Based on this database, the habitat preferences of dinosaur groups in the region were determined by means of statistical tests of independence. All chi-square tests showed positive, mostly moderate-to-strong, and statistically significant associations between the studied groups and the environment they inhabited. The analysis of the residuals indicated that most dinosaur groups preferred lowland environments (including, contrary to previous studies, nodosaurids). The only exception were abelisauroids, which showed no habitat preference. Our results concur with recent works indicating that titanosaur sauropods and hadrosauroids preferred inland environments but clearly disagree with others suggesting that the latter as well as nodosaurid ankylosaurs were positively associated with marine or coastal settings. Considering the changes in occurrence distribution throughout the Maastrichtian turnover in the region, both titanosaurians and nodosaurids probably stablished a feeding strategy-based niche partitioning with ornithopods, although additional data is required to confidently confirm this relationship.
Predictors of response to daclatasvir in addition to sofosbuvir in hepatitis C virus-infected patients with stage 4 and 5 chronic kidney disease and patients on maintenance hemodialysis
Authors: Gawish Rasha , Elgohary Eman , Tahoun Mona , Elkaraly Mona , Mohsin Heba , Kamal Ahmed 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
The FDA authorized the use of sofosbuvir-based therapy in persons with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 4 and 5 and in those on maintenance hemodialysis (HD). It has been known that treatment efficacy might be affected by virus- and host-related parameters. The aim of this study was to identify the response rate of sofosbuvir plus daclatasvir in CKD stage 4/5 and HD patients. The secondary aim was to identify the predictors of treatment failure.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 55 HCV-infected patients recruited from Alexandria University hospitals. The study included patients on maintenance HD or CKD stages 4–5. Baseline characteristics and SNP genotyping of the IFNL4 rs368234815 variant were addressed as possible predictors of response. The participants received sofosbuvir alongside daclatasvir with or without ribavirin for 3–6 months, according to the EASL guidelines. The response was evaluated by testing serum HCV RNA using PCR 12 weeks after treatment.

Results
Only 29 patients achieved sustained virologic response (SVR) (52.7%). Non-responders had statistically significantly lower hemoglobin, platelets, and albumin, while they had higher INR, liver enzymes, bilirubin, and APRI scores. FIB-4 scores were significantly lower among responders (1.64 ± 0.74 versus 4.81 ± 1.82) (p < 0.001). Among those with treatment failure, 13 patients (50%) had the TT/G genotype, while only 3 patients (11.5%) of the TT/TT genotype failed to achieve SVR12. Only 13.8% of patients with the G/G genotype achieved SVR12 (P = 0.001). Multivariate regression revealed that higher FIB-4 was the only predictor of failure to achieve SVR12. FIB-4 at a cutoff level of 2.63 has a sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV for prediction of treatment failure of 88.46%, 93.10%, 92%, and 90%, respectively.

Conclusions
FIB-4 above 2.63 is a predictor of lower SVR rates among patients with advanced CKD stages.