bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long–term Neurodevelopment outcomes to Prenatal Antipsychotic Medication Exposure: Systemic Review
Authors: González Campos T. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionPeak incidence for many psychiatric disorders occurs in reproductive years. We don’t have FDA-approved drugs or clinical guidelines. The main cause of pharmacological suspension in pregnancy is the lack of knowledge of their effects on the product. Gathering information on this regard becomes crucial so we can avoid relapses or exacerbationObjectivesDescribe neurodevelopmental effects in children ≥ 6 months exposed to antipsychotics prenatally.MethodsPROSPERO-CRD42020170314. Using MeSH terms in 5 databases, without language and time restriction, obtaining n=3932. After review and exclusion n=24 were obtained for qualitative review.
(Figure 1).ResultsOf 20 case reports 4 had more ambivalence results
(Table 1). In the cohort studies, exposure may cause short-term delay at 6 months but no significant difference at 12 months
(Table 2).Table 2StudyNAntipsychoticMonthsConclusion using clinical evaluationImaz et al. Front. Pharmacol.2018; 9:2641RisperdalClozapine72Abnormal memory, attention/executive, hyperactivity1Clozapine32Normal2Clozapine18AbnormalNormalBurt et al. Am J Psychiatry 2010; 167:892-8971Olanzapine12,18,22,2918 months Abnormal motor 22 months normal 29 months normalKirchheiner et al. Pharmacopsych 2000; 33:78-801Olanzapine7,117 months Abnormal motor11 months NormalMendhekar et al. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2007; 19:21Clozapine65 years Abnormal languageTable 3StudyNAntipsychoticMonthsConclusion using clinimetry and clinical evaluationShao et al. Plos ONE, 2015; 10(4),1-963ClozapineRisperidoneOlanzapineQuetiapine6,12BSID-III 6 months Adaptive behavior score lower in clozapine group 12 months No differenceJohnson et al. Arch Gen Psychiatry2012; 69(8), 787-79422HaloperidolSGA*6INFANIB Lower scores with SGA then HaloperidolPeng et al. Psychopharmacology 2013; 228(4), 577-58476ClozapineRisperidoneSulpirideOlanzapineQuetiapine6,12BSID-III 6 months Lower socio-emotional and adaptive behavior scores12 months No differencePetersen et al. BMJ 2016; 5(6), 1-9290FGA+SGA**6More neurodevelopmental disorder that those who didn’t take antipsychotics.Image:ConclusionsMost are case reports, hence the importance of collecting this information, not ignoring it due to lack of methodological rigor. The intent is not to conclude that prenatal exposure to antipsychotics doesn’t have long-term neurodevelopmental effects, rather documenting the available evidence contributing to an informed clinical decision.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The Role of The Predominant Polarity on Neurocognitive and Social Cognitive Dysfunctions in Patients with Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Atay E. , Ermis C. , Ozmen E. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionBipolar disorder (BD) is characterized by significant inter-individual variation in terms of course and outcome. The most important factors associated with the outcome are subsyndromal depression and cognitive disability. Predominant polarity (PP), which is a proposed course specifier for BD, can be associated with various clinical differences such as psychotic feature, suicidality, hospitalization, while it is thought to be associated with the severity of cognitive impairment.ObjectivesTo elucidate the role of the predominant polarity on cognitive dysfunction in patients with BD.MethodsPatients with BD in remission (n=84) and healthy control volunteers (HC, n=27) participated in the study. Patients were divided into 3 subgroups according to their PP characteristics: manic (MPP, n=31), depressive (DPP, n=25), and undetermined (UPP, n=28). Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Disorders-Clinician Version (SCID-5/CV), WAIS-R-Vocabulary Subtest, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, Young Mania Rating Scale, Rey’s Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), Trail Making Test (TMT), Stroop Test (ST), WMS-R Visual Reproduction Subtest, Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT), Auditory Consonant Trigrams Test (ACT), Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET), Hinting Test (HT), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), and Conners Continuous Performance Test (CCPT) were administered. Scores that do not show normal distribution were transformed using the two-step normalization method. Principal component analysis (PCA) with direct oblimin rotation was applied as a dimension reduction technique to identify different neurocognitive domains. Single-factorial PCA was also applied to calculate global cognition scores.ResultsIn MPP group compared to HC, worse performance was observed in ACT (d=1.24), COWAT (d=1.16), RMET (d=1.03), HT (d=1.78), WCST correct answers (d=0.99), CCPT correct target section (d=0.99) and a prolongation in TMT-A (d=1.00). Compared to DPP, MPP had a weak performance in COWAT (d=0.89), RMET (d=0.86) and HT (d=1.00). MPP (d=1.18) and UPP (d=1.03) groups showed deterioration in processing speed compared to HC. MPP group showed impairment in working memory (d=1.17) and attention (d=0.70) compared to HC. In problem-solving and reasoning, deterioration was found in MPP compared to HC (d=1.16) and UPP (d=0.67), also in DPP compared to HC (d=0.74).ConclusionsThe MPP group yielded more severe cognitive impairment in verbal fluency and social cognition tests compared to DPP. Predominant polarity may also be related to cognitive impairment patterns seen in BD.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Cyber gaming addiction and impulsivity in adolescents
Authors: Chiha K. , Khemakhem K. , Chaabane M. , Ben Touhemi D. , Kammoun W. , Boudabous J. , HadjKacem I. , Ayadi H. , Moalla Y. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe relationship between cyber video game addiction and impulsivity is controversial. Some studies have shown a significant link, others have found no association between the two behaviours.ObjectivesTo study impulsivity in adolescents with problematic use of internet video games.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study, conducted among a sample of adolescents randomly collected in 6 schools in the region of Sfax-Tunisia, during the month of February 2022. The rate of addiction to video games was assessed by the 20-item “Internet Gaming Disorder-20” (IGD-20) scale and impulsivity by the 30-item “Barratt Impulsivity Scale” (BIS-11). Both scales are validated in Arabic.ResultsThe study involved 360 secondary school students, with a mean age of 16.62 +/- 0.822 years. The sex ratio was 1.09.A gaming addiction was found in 4.7% of cases.
Similarly, impulse control disorder was noted in 23.6% of adolescents.Problematic internet game use was significantly related to motor impulsivity (p=0.025).There was no significant association between cyber video game addiction and cognitive or non-planning impulsivity.ConclusionsAccording to the results, impulsiveness is a factor to consider for understanding the development of addiction to internet video games. Thus, impulsiveness should be taken into account to explain problematic gaming behaviour as well as to design preventive and treatment interventions.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Influence of COVID-19 lockdowns on patterns of coercive measures in Austria
Authors: Fellinger M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract: Background and AimCoercive measures (CMs), such as involuntary psychiatric admission and mechanical restraint, are considered a last resort in the treatment of people with psychiatric disorders. Although numerous factors influencing its use have been identified, the impact of a pandemic and in particular restrictions like lockdowns on CMs are still unclear. Thus the aim of the present retrospective study was to examine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, especially the lockdowns, on CMs in Austria.MethodThis retrospective exploratory study assessed all CMs in Austria, except for the federal state of Vorarlberg, between 01.01.2018 and 31.12.2020. Descriptive statistics and regression models were performed.ResultsDuring the three-year study period, 40,012 individuals (45.9% females, mean age 51.3 years) had 66,124 involuntary psychiatric admissions for an average of 10.9 days and restraint in 33.9%. In periods of COVID-19 lockdowns (2020 vs. 2018/2019), CMs in form of involuntary admissions were significantly fewer (OR:0.93, p=.0001) but longer (11.6 (SD:16) vs. 10.9 (SD:15.8) days). The likelihood of involuntary admission during lockdowns was only associated with year (2020 vs. 2018/19, p=0.0002), but not with sex (p=0.814), age (p=0.310), use of mechanical restraint (p=0.653) or type of ward (p=0.843).Conclusions:Restrictions such as lockdowns are affecting CMs and have resulted in fewer but longer involuntary psychiatric admissions during weeks of lockdown in Austria. The result strengthens previous knowledge that showed the dependence on external factors when using CMs, but requires further clarification with regard to the causality and the association with outcomes that are intended to be prevented, such as suicides.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Alcohol related dementia and Brain Imaging
Authors: Faria I. , Galiano J. , Wildenberg B. , Silva T. , Silva C. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionAlcohol is considered a social evil worldwide owing to its vast array of associated problems and complications, which may manifest in medical, legal or social domains. Excessive and prolonged alcohol use may lead to permanent structural and functional damage to the brain. The evidence from neuroimaging, neuropathological reports and autopsy evaluations suggest some degree of brain pathology in individuals diagnosed with an alcohol related disorder.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to characterize the structural imaging findings on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of our sample and provide an overview of the literature on the subject.MethodsRetrospective observational study with inpatients of Coimbra Hospital and University Centre (CHUC), who had alcohol use disorder diagnosis associated with dementia or cognition deficit. Patients were admitted from 2017 to 2021 and submitted to neuroimaging: CT and MR. Data was collected in May 2021 at informatic system.ResultsAmong 38 participants, the median age was 64 years; 86,8% were male. 35 realize CT, 34 with alterations: 23 with microvascular lesions, 17 with cortical atrophy, 8 with white matter hypodensities and 7 with subcortical atrophy. From all patients, only 14 realize MR, 13 with alterations, the most common vascular leukoencephalopathy and cortical atrophy.ConclusionsOur results support the hypothesis of neuroimaging changes resulting from alcohol consumption. The severity of alcohol dependence also correlates with neuropathophysiological and neuroimaging changes. Volume shrinkage, altered glucose metabolism and perfusion along with evidence of markedly decreased neuron density are commonly reported. The evidence of neuro-circuit disturbances is seen in form of significant loss of white matter (most prominent in the prefrontal cortex, cerebellum and corpus callosum) on functional imaging. Greater cognitive impairment has been associated with multiple and repeated withdrawal due to greater neuronal damage, and can limit the psychotherapeutic intervention, the adherence to pharmacological therapy and abstinence maintenance. The sheer presence of alcohol use disorder should encourage a neuroimaging evaluation.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Moria or Mania? Manic symptoms as the clinical manifestation of glioblastoma recurrence: a case report
Authors: Mayor Sanabria F. , Expósito Durán M. E. , Fernández Fariña M. , Regueiro Martín-Albo C. E. , Paz Otero M. , Alberdi Páramo I. , Rodado León B. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionUp to 50% of patients with brain tumors experience psychiatric symptoms, and rates up to 80% have been reported in malignant neoplasms such as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Still, clinical presentation as mania-like syndromes is a rare phenomenon, mainly occurring when frontal structures are compromised.We present the case of a 42-year-old woman who was admitted to our hospital due to manic symptoms coinciding with a recurrence of a bifrontal GBM, for which she underwent surgery 5 months prior.Objectives1) To describe the clinical particularities of this case, focusing on the differential diagnosis.2) To review the association between manic symptoms and frontal dysfunction caused by brain tumors, with special interest on GBM.MethodsA review of the patient’s clinical history and complementary tests performed was carried out. Likewise, we reviewed the available literature in relation to manic symptoms related to brain tumors.ResultsThe patient’s GBM recurrence presented with late onset symptoms of mania, including euphoric mood, increased spending, ideas of grandiosity and hyper-religiosity. She had no previous psychiatric history but, interestingly, she had an extensive affective burden in her family, with 4 consummated suicides. However, she also presented other clinical signs, such as disorientation, perseveration, mild memory impairment and stereotyped motor behaviors, that pointed to relevant frontal lobe dysfunction, suggesting Moria as a possible contribution for the symptoms described.Manic symptoms in the context of brain tumors appear in 7-15% of patients with psychiatric symptoms, usually associated with right frontal dysfunction (75% of cases). Bifrontal affectation, such as this patient, is only described in 6% of cases. Although fast growing, malignant tumors have been associated with higher rates of psychiatric symptoms, no correlation has been described between these and brain tumor histology.Conclusions- The presence of atypical manic symptoms, such as those presented in this case, should raise clinical concern for secondary mania.- Moria shares similarities with mania, including mood elevation, tendency to hilarity or hyper-sexuality, that may hinder diagnosis of patients with frontal dysfunction.- This case outlines the difficulties in making a differential diagnosis in patient with both manic and neurological signs, and highlights the implication of frontal structures in the development of manic symptoms.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Stages of treatment of eating disorders in endogenous depressions
Authors: Barkhatova A. , Smolnikova A. , Bolgov M. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe problem of eating disorders has become increasingly important in recent years, due to the increase in the number of cases among children and adolescents, as well as the insufficient effectiveness of therapeutic measures. An important role in the course of eating disorders is occupied by the depressive syndrome associated with it, which complicates the process of treatment and rehabilitation in this pathology.ObjectivesStudy of the stages of treatment of eating disorders in the structure of depressive states.MethodsThe sample consisted of 63 patients aged from 15 to 25 years old (all female, average age 16.2), who were on outpatient and inpatient observation in the clinic were studied.ResultsIn the process of treatment, several stages of treatment of patients were carried out. The first stage was aimed at normalizing the body’s vital functions and management of somatoendocrine impairments (the duration of the stage is about 14 days). The next stage was aimed at the psychotropic treatment of eating disorders and concomitant mental pathologies (the duration of the stage is 3-4 weeks). The final stage included rehabilitation, which consisted of working with a psychotherapist (the duration of the stage was 8 weeks or more). It should be noted that in the process of rehabilitation, patients continued to receive psychopharmacotherapy and underwent a comprehensive examination to assess the dynamics of their condition.ConclusionsEating disorders in the structure of endogenous depressions require an integrated approach to treatment, including both ensuring adequate vital activity of the organism and the selection of drug treatment depending on the nosological affiliation of the underlying syndrome. Rehabilitation work aimed at social adaptation and prevention of relapses of the disease also plays an important role.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Anorexia Nervosa and Psychiatric Comorbidities – It’s not all about food
Authors: Morais A. S. , Martins F. , Casimiro P. , Henriques V. , Descalço N. , Diniz Gomes R. , Cruz S. , Costa N. 
Published: August 2023

Introduction
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe psychiatric disorder that usually begins during adolescence and is associated with a high risk of mortality and morbidity, its treatment is complex and often ineffective. Psychiatric comorbidity is common in patients with eating disorders (with the prevalence of 20–95%), namely 39% in AN.ObjectivesThe purpose of the authors is to review the most common areas of psychiatric comorbidity in AN, how it affects the course of both diseases and the potential treatment approaches.MethodsA brief non-systematized review is presented, using the literature available on PubMed and Google Scholar.ResultsThe most common psychiatric comorbidities in AN are: Affective disorders in 24-38% (mainly unipolar depression which can appear in up to 75% of patients, compared to 11% in bipolar disorder); Anxiety disorders in 25.5% (11% with panic disorder, 20% social phobia/social anxiety disorder, 15% specific phobias, 10% generalized anxiety disorder, 13% post-traumatic stress disorder); Obsessive compulsive disorder in 12%; Substance use disorders at 17%; Personality disorders around 30%. Other pathologies occur less commonly but can have a significant impact on the patient, namely Autism spectrum disorder (predictive factor for unfavourable outcome) or Schizophrenia (there are reports of reciprocal relationships between the two pathologies).
Some of these comorbidities may increase mortality in AN, namely unipolar depression, personality disorders, alcohol and illicit drug use.
The profound impact that starvation has on mood and cognition is well known. It can condition symptoms that are confused with other psychiatric diseases and change their clinical presentation. As such, the specific clinical characteristics and the therapeutic approach will be presented for each of the psychiatric comorbidities.Conclusions
Early diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric comorbidities in AN are essential to improve the prognosis of this eating disorder. The additional treatment of these pathologies will increase complexity of the already challenging treatment of AN, with the additional symptomatology often being perpetuated by an uncontrolled eating disorder and a poor compliance to treatment.The limited evidence available for approaching these cases is based on the few studies available, most with insufficient samples.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Ukrainian refugees in Germany – what are the consequences for mental health care services in Germany?
Authors: Graef-Calliess I. T. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSince about a year there has been an influx of refugees from Ukraine due to the current war situation.Data on the mental health condition of Ukrainian refugees will be reviewed and compared to the mental health conditions to refugees from other parts of the world in Germany. Moreover, the psychosocial and socioeconomic situation of refugees from Ukraine will be reflected on the background of the situation of refugees from other countries.Conclusions from the recent experiences for the mental health care system will be drawn and discussed with the aufience in a European perspective. Special highlight will be given to pilot best practice modells for mental health care of Ukrainian refugees within the German mental health care system.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Epidemiological patterns of new psychoactive substances use in Tunisian school adolescents, 2021
Authors: Silini A. , Rejaibi S. , Zid M. , Ben Slema I. , Mallekh R. , Zoghlami N. , Ben Youssef S. , Zribi M. , Ben Salah N. , Aounallah-Skhiri H. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe emergence of New Psycho-active Substances (NPS) such as Synthetic cannabinoid and cathinone, represents a challenging issue for drug policy globally. In order to set up new adjusted measures to limit this phenomenon extension, objective epidemiologic indicators are requested.ObjectivesWe aimed to determine the prevalence of Synthetic cannabinoid and cathinone consumption in Tunisian adolescents by gender and regional distribution.MethodsData from the Mediterranean school survey on alcohol and other drugs (MedSPAD III-2021) were used. Based on three-stage stratification sampling method, high school teenagers in first and second grades of secondary education, were enrolled. Data collection was performed using a self-administered standardized questionnaire. We examined weighted prevalence estimates of NPS use at least once in a lifetime (Synthetic cannabinoid and cathinone) by gender and regional distribution. Epi data software was used for data entry and all statistical analysis were performed with STATA software.ResultsThe survey included 6201 adolescents with a mean age of 16.8 years and a sex ratio female/male of 1.5. Synthetic cannabinoid’s use was reported by 1.9%, 95% CI [1.57-2.39] of students, with statistically significant difference between boys (4.1%) and girls (0.6%), p-value<10-4 . This consumption was the highest in Tunis the capital city, the center-east and the north-east (2.7%, 2.2% and 2% respectively). As for synthetic cathinone’s use, it was reported by 0.36% 95%CI [0.24-0.56] of our study sample, with statistically significant difference between boys (0.8%) and girls (0.8%), p-value<10-4 .ConclusionsOur study highlighted an emerging use of NPS among high school students with significant male predominance. Further research on NPS epidemiology is, hence, needed to reinforce evidence-based management strategies aiming at fighting this phenomenon. Sensitization of decision makers to control accessibility, and increasing awareness among adolescents’ close family / school-staff environment regarding this issue, are strongly recommended.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared