bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exoribonuclease RNase R protects AntarcticPseudomonas syringaeLz4W from DNA damage and oxidative stress
Authors: Mittal Pragya , Sipani Rashmi , Pandiyan Apuratha , Sulthana Shaheen , Sinha Anurag K , Hussain Ashaq , Ray Malay K , Pavankumar Theetha L 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRNase R is a highly processive, 3’ -5’ exoribonuclease involved in RNA degradation, maturation, and processing in bacteria. InPseudomonas syringaeLz4W, RNase R interacts with RNase E to form the RNA degradosome complex and is essential for growth at low temperature. RNase R is also implicated in general stress response in many bacteria. We show here that the deletion mutant ofrnrgene (encoding RNase R) ofP. syringaeis highly sensitive to various DNA damaging agents and oxidative stress. RNase R is a multidomain protein comprised of CSD, RNB and S1 domains. We investigated the role of each domain of RNase R and its exoribonuclease activity in nucleic acid damage and oxidative stress response. Our results revealed that the RNB domain alone without its exoribonuclease activity is sufficient to protect against DNA damage and oxidative stress. We also show that the association of RNase R with the degradosome complex is not required for this function. Our study has discovered for the first time a hitherto unknown role of RNase R in protectingP. syringaeLz4W against DNA damage and oxidative stress.ImportanceBacterial exoribonucleases play a crucial role in RNA maturation, degradation, quality control and turnover. In this study, we have uncovered a previously unknown role of 3’-5’ exoribonuclease RNase R ofP. syringaeLz4W in DNA damage and oxidative stress response. Here, we show that neither the exoribonuclease function of RNase R, nor its association with the RNA degradosome complex is essential for this function. Interestingly, inP. syringaeLz4W, hydrolytic RNase R exhibits physiological roles similar to phosphorolytic 3’-5’ exoribonuclease PNPase ofE. coli. Our data suggest that during the course of evolution, mesophilicE. coliand psychrotrophicP. syringaehave apparently swapped these exoribonucleases to adapt to their respective environmental growth conditions.
The virulence regulator VirB fromShigella flexneriuses a CTP-dependent switch mechanism to activate gene expression
Authors: Jakob Sara , Steinchen Wieland , Hanßmann Juri , Rosum Julia , Osorio-Valeriano Manuel , Giammarinaro Pietro I. , Bange Gert , Thanbichler Martin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe transcriptional antisilencer VirB acts as a master regulator of virulence gene expression in the human pathogenShigella flexneri. It binds defined sequences (virS) upstream of VirB-dependent promoters and counteracts their silencing by the nucleoid-organizing protein H-NS. However, its precise mode of action remains unclear. Notably, VirB is not a classical transcription factor but related to DNA partitioning proteins of the ParB family, which have recently been recognized as DNA-sliding clamps using CTP binding and hydrolysis to control their DNA entry gate. Here, we show that VirB binds CTP, embraces DNA in a clamp-like fashion upon its CTP-dependent loading atvirSsites and slides laterally on DNA after clamp closure. Mutations that prevent CTP binding block the loading of VirB clamps invitroand the formation of VirB nucleoprotein complexesin vivo. Thus, VirB represents a CTP-dependent molecular switch that uses a loading-and-sliding mechanism to control transcription during bacterial pathogenesis.
Spatial Organization of Gas Vesicles is Governed by Phase-separable GvpU
Authors: Li Zongru , Shen Qionghua , Dai Yifan , Anderson Andrew P. , Iburg Manuel , Lin Richard , Zimmer Brandon , Meyer Matthew D. , You Lingchong , Chilkoti Ashutosh , Lu George J. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTGas vesicles (GVs) are microbial protein organelles that support cellular buoyancy, and the recent engineering of GVs has led to multiple applications including reporter gene imaging, acoustic control, and payload delivery. GVs often cluster into a honeycomb pattern to minimize their occupancy of cytosolic space; however, the molecular mechanism behind this process and its influence on cellular physiology remain unknown. Here, we identified GvpU as the protein governing this process. GvpU-mediated clustering is selective to the genotype of GVs, allowing the design of GV variants with genetically encodable clustering states. Furthermore, we uncovered that the clustering is modulated by phase transition behaviors encoded in the intrinsically disordered region of GvpU through a balanced contribution of acidic and aromatic residues, and such phase transition can directly modulate cellular fitness. Collectively, our findings elucidate the protein player, molecular mechanism, and functional roles of GV clustering, and its programmability for biomedical applications.
Structure and activation of the human autophagy-initiating ULK1C:PI3KC3-C1 supercomplex
Authors: Chen Minghao , Nguyen Thanh N. , Ren Xuefeng , Khuu Grace , Cook Annan S. I. , Zhao Yuanchang , Yildiz Ahmet , Lazarou Michael , Hurley James H. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe unc-51-like kinase protein kinase complex (ULK1C) is the most upstream and central player in the initiation of macroautophagy in mammals. Here, the cryo-EM structure of the human ULK1C core was determined at amino acid residue-level resolution. A moderate resolution structure of the ULK1C core in complex with another autophagy core complex, the class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex I (PI3KC3-C1) was also determined. The two complexes co-assemble through extensive contacts between the FIP200 scaffold subunit of ULK1C and the VPS15, ATG14, and BECN1 subunits of PI3KC3-C1.The FIP200:ATG13:ULK1 core of ULK1C undergoes a rearrangement from 2:1:1 to 2:2:2 stoichiometry in the presence of PI3KC3-C1. This suggests a structural mechanism for the initiation of autophagy through formation of a ULK1C:PI3KC3-C1 supercomplex and dimerization of ULK1 on the FIP200 scaffold.
Using the metaverse in training: lessons from real cases
Authors: Hajjami Omaima , Park Sunyoung 
Published: June 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to explore the potential contribution of the metaverse to improve training and development as a function of human resource development (HRD) perspective. The authors explore the benefits and challenges of the metaverse and introduce cases of companies using the metaverse in training.

Design/methodology/approach
A narrative literature review was conducted to collect information on the metaverse in training. The authors reviewed peer- and non-peer-reviewed articles, book chapters, white papers, corporate websites and blogs and business magazines.

Findings
A total of 75 articles were reviewed, including 14 cases, which were summarized to demonstrate how companies are applying metaverse technology in training contexts. For a more in-depth review, three cases were selected and summarized in terms of context, process and outcomes.

Originality/value
The metaverse is an emergent topic in HRD. It has the potential to revolutionize the functions of training and development through the combination of advanced technologies, including virtual reality, augmented reality and mixed reality. This article is the foundational attempt to provide a comprehensive summary of existing literature and case studies that highlight the potential of the metaverse in training within the context of HRD.
Key influencing factors for the success of external innovation strategies in the biotechnology industry
Authors: Lin Meichun , Lekhawipat Watcharee 
Published: June 2023

Purpose
Numerous biotechnology and pharmaceutical firms have undergone considerable changes and adapted to the challenge of developing sustainable products and services. However, few studies have explored the factors that contribute to the success of external innovation and value co-creation strategies adopted by biotechnology and pharmaceutical firms. The purpose of this study is to examine how biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries use value co-creation strategies to obtain external resources.

Design/methodology/approach
This study developed a conceptual framework based on the relevant literature. The study applied a resource-based approach, dynamic capability theory and a qualitative multiple-case study design to investigate several research questions; semi-structured interviews were conducted with representatives from 11 biotechnology/pharmaceutical firms in Taiwan, and the data extracted from the interview content were axially coded.

Findings
This study revealed that factors such as dynamic marketing capabilities and process optimization contributed to the success of the aforementioned strategies; several propositions were also developed on the basis of the literature review and coded data, thereby providing insights regarding the relative efficacy and propriety of various external innovation and value co-creation strategies and models in various situations and contexts. Firms and technology providers might enter a technology licensing agreement, establish a joint venture company; participate in a merger/acquisition depending on their size, research and development capabilities; or goals and time- and cost-related factors.

Originality/value
The main original contributions of this study are the proposed conceptual framework and the insights provided regarding the relative efficacy and propriety of different external innovation and value co-creation strategies and models in different situations and contexts.
Analysing and predicting a country’s entrepreneurial activity using insights from entrepreneurs’ digital footprint
Authors: Tekic Zeljko , Parfenov Andrei , Malyy Maksim 
Published: June 2023

Purpose
Starting from intention–behaviour models and building upon the growing evidence that aggregated internet search query data represent a good proxy of human interests and intentions. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that the internet search traffic information related to the selected key terms associated with establishing new businesses, reflects well the dynamics of entrepreneurial activity in a country and can be used for predicting entrepreneurial activity at the national level.

Design/methodology/approach
Theoretical framework is based on intention–behaviour models and supported by the knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship. Monthly data on new business registration from 2018 to 2021 is derived from the open database of the Russian Federal Tax Service. Terms of internet search interest are identified through interviews with the recent founders of new businesses, whereas the internet search query statistics on the identified terms are obtained from Google Trends and Yandex Wordstat.

Findings
The results suggest that aggregated data about web searches related to opening a new business in a country is positively correlated with the dynamics of entrepreneurial activity in the country and, as such, may be useful for predicting the level of that activity.

Practical implications
The results may serve as a starting point for a new approach to measure, monitor and predict entrepreneurial activities in a country and can help in better addressing policymaking issues related to entrepreneurship.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is original in its approach and results. Building on intention–behaviour models, this study outlines, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the first usage of big data for analysing the intention–behaviour relationship in entrepreneurship. This study also contributes to the ongoing debate about the value of big data for entrepreneurship research by proposing and demonstrating the credibility of internet search query data as a novel source of quality data in analysing and predicting a country’s entrepreneurial activity.
Evaluation of the drivers to the implementation of blockchain technology in the construction supply chain management in Nigeria
Authors: Okanlawon Taofeek Tunde , Oyewobi Luqman Oyekunle , Jimoh Richard Ajayi 
Published: June 2023

Purpose
Blockchain technology (BT) is a relatively new technological innovation in all industries, including the construction industry, that is used to improve supply chain management. Therefore, this study assesses the drivers for the implementation of BT in the construction supply chain management in Nigeria.

Design/methodology/approach
This study used a quantitative research approach, with a questionnaire survey administered to professionals in the Nigerian construction industry using the snowball sampling method, yielding 155 respondents. The collected data were analysed using descriptive and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) while Cronbach’s alpha was used to evaluate the reliability.

Findings
The analysis revealed that all the identified drivers ranked higher than the average mean item score, with level of awareness of the new technology and data management ranking topmost. The identified drivers were clustered into five categories using EFA: technological driver, social-economic driver, management driver, transparency and security driver and information driver.

Research limitations/implications
This research was carried out in the Southwestern region which is one of the six geo-political zones in Nigeria using a cross-sectional survey method.

Practical implications
The findings will be extremely useful to both professionals and practitioners in the Nigerian construction industry in gaining knowledge about the potential drivers to the implementation of BT in construction supply chain management.

Originality/value
The research categorized the drivers into technological, social-economic, management, transparency and security and information driver. It also identified that level of awareness of BT as the major driver in the implementation of BT in construction supply chain management.
Is training a green innovation driver? The mediating role of knowledge acquisition
Authors: Barba-Aragón María Isabel , Jiménez-Jiménez Daniel 
Published: June 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to contribute to empirical research on green innovation drivers. This paper analyzes the relationships between training, knowledge acquisition, green innovation and firm performance.

Design/methodology/approach
The analysis is carried out on a sample of 373 Spanish companies from a wide variety of sectors. This research has used the partial least squares (PLS) model to test the hypotheses.

Findings
It is found that green innovation and knowledge acquisition improve firm performance, and that knowledge acquisition has a mediating effect between training and green innovation.

Practical implications
The findings of this article indicate that green innovation allows the company to obtain benefits while reducing the negative environmental impact, then managers should bet on ecological innovation. This study also shows that there is an indirect effect of training on green innovation and, therefore, managers must invest in training as a mechanism to increase knowledge acquisition and, thus, green innovation.

Originality/value
This paper analyzes two research areas that have received little attention: the role of human resource management in green innovation and the relationship between a given driver and green innovation. In the first, it analyzes whether training increases green innovation, and in the second, it considers the effect of training on knowledge acquisition and on green innovation, specifically, it studies whether knowledge acquisition mediates the relationship between training and green innovation.
Crypto-asset market development: the role of country’s institutional quality
Authors: Škrabić Perić Blanka , Rimac Smiljanić Ana , Jerković Ivana 
Published: June 2023

Purpose
Crypto-asset can be traded on many different exchanges worldwide with servers located in countries with different financial characteristics and institutional surroundings. Trading volume on these servers varies considerably regarding the server’s location, even though the prices do not differ greatly. Crypto-asset markets are poorly regulated and, as such, may leave a place for potential fraudulent activities and be linked to corruption. This paper aims to examine the role of country’s institutions in attracting Bitcoin traders.

Design/methodology/approach
Assuming heterogeneity between countries where crypto-asset exchange servers are located, the Pool Mean Group Estimator is used.

Findings
Results indicate that, from institutional variables, corruption in the country attracts while internal and external conflicts repel investors. Additionally, the growth of global uncertainty and the decline in the local stock markets motivate investors to trade Bitcoin.

Originality/value
Previous research has empirically proved the importance of institutions’ quality for financial market development. This paper goes one step further and tries to empirically confirm the theoretical assumptions and investigate in detail the role of institutions in choosing servers in a particular country for Bitcoin trading.
Wetting kinetics, spreading phenomena and interfacial reaction of Sn-15Bi-xZn solders on Cu substrate at different temperatures
Authors: Lin Wei , Li Xuewen , Tu Bing , Zhang Chaohua , Li Yulong 
Published: June 2023

Purpose
This study aims to analyze the wettability of the self-developed Sn–Bi–Zn solder and to conduct a series of analysis on the wetting kinetics, diffusion phenomenon and interfacial reaction of Sn–Bi–Zn solder on Cu substrate.

Design/methodology/approach
The wetting kinetics, diffusion phenomenon and interfacial reaction of Sn–Bi–Zn solder on Cu substrate were analyzed by experiments. The interface was observed by scanning electron microscope to study the effect of Zn content on its interface.

Findings
With the increase in brazing temperature, the final spreading equivalent radius of the solder increases significantly, and the final contact angle of the solder decreases significantly. In addition, when the Zn content is 1%, the spreading effect of solder is the best, the equivalent radius is the largest and the contact angle is the smallest. According to the microstructural analysis, the thick intermetallic compounds layer of the Sn–15Bi–xZn solders on the Cu substrate can be effectively decreased by adding appropriate Zn content.

Originality/value
The wetting kinetics, diffusion phenomenon and interfacial reaction of Sn–15Bi–xZn solder on Cu substrate at different temperatures have not been studied yet.
Scavenger and herbivore functional role impairment modulates changes in plant communities following mass mortality events
Authors: Baruzzi C. , Barton B. T. , Cove M. V. , Strickland B. K. , Lashley M. A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Mass mortality events (MMEs) of wildlife are increasingly frequent and may destabilize communities. MMEs provide a unique ecological context because they simultaneously produce a resource pulse that is sometimes coupled with the loss or severe impairment of functional roles such as predation or herbivory. Moreover, these effects are complicated by global declines in obligate vertebrate scavengers.

We designed an experiment to measure the relative importance of bottom‐up (nutrient addition) and top‐down (impairment of obligate scavenger and herbivore functional roles) forces experienced during MMEs on the local plant community.

Increasing carrion biomass shifted local plant assemblages from the original state promoting plants more resistant to soil disturbance (i.e. annual plants), but this effect was unique to carrion as the same amount of macronutrients entering the system did not affect the plant community. This may indicate that the effects of carrion are primarily driven by interactions with consumers rather than bottom‐up processes. Additionally, restricting obligate vertebrate scavenger access to increasing amounts of carrion biomass shifted the net effects of the carrion on the plant community by limiting perennial vines. Impairment of the herbivore functional role released plants from top‐down control, increasing plant growth and survival.

Our experiment indicates that top‐down forces may have strong effects on plant communities following MMEs. As such, the global increase in wildlife MMEs may have broad consequences on ecological communities, not only on the species affected.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Examining rural income and employment in Bangladesh: A case of structural changes in the rural nonfarm sector in a developing country
Authors: Iqbal Kazi , Pabon Md Nahid Ferdous , Ibon Md Wahid Ferdous 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study uncovers some important stylised facts about the structural changes in the rural nonfarm (RNF) economy in Bangladesh for the period 2000–2016 and identifies some broad determinants. Our work uses household‐level, secondary sources such as Household Income and Expenditure Survey, Labour Force Survey and Bangladesh Integrated Household Survey. We find that the positive relationship between landownership and rural income has become weaker in recent years, indicating the increasing role of nonland inputs in generating rural income. The share of RNF income in total rural income has increased substantially over the years. The increase in nonfarm income is largely driven by the nonfarm wage income of the richer households, indicating adverse distributional consequences. There are also indications for specialisation in nonfarm activities—the share of income from the ‘mixed’ sources of farm and nonfarm has decreased, and the ‘only nonfarm’ source has increased. Households tend to move away from agriculture and specialise in RNF occupations as the education level increases. Our results offer important insights into rural development strategies and contribute to the broader questions of the development discourse on the structural changes in developing countries.
Financial constraints and political catering disclosures of non‐state‐owned firms: Evidence from textual analysis
Authors: Kong Dongmin , Shi Lu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUsing textual analysis techniques, we construct a novel measure to quantify the level of political information in forward‐looking disclosures of privately controlled firms. Our results show that private firms with serious financial constraints are more likely to reveal more political information in forward‐looking disclosures. Plausible mechanisms driving our findings are firms' high growth, under‐investment, and weaker political connections, suggesting that firms cater to governments in the expectation of more financing resources. Finally, we show the economic consequences of political catering strategy on corporate performance.