bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of eco-industrial parks on urban haze pollution: evidence from China
Authors: Ma Qingshan , Wang Fei , He Lingyun , Chai Xiaoke , Yu Chuanxi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
With the green, circular, and low-carbon concept, eco-industrial parks are regarded as key drivers for maximizing environmental and economic benefits. Based on the panel data of 276 cities in China from 2007 to 2018, this paper regards the establishment of eco-industrial parks as a quasi-natural experiment, and employs the difference-in-differences method to test the impact of eco-industrial parks on urban haze pollution. We find that eco-industrial parks significantly reduce urban haze pollution and the conclusion holds with robustness tests. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the effect of eco-industrial parks on haze pollution is more pronounced in eastern and resource-based cities. Finally, mechanism analysis indicates that eco-industrial parks reduce urban haze pollution mainly by promoting technological innovation, upgrading industrial structure, and strengthening urban environmental regulations.
Sectoral inflation under fragmentation of information
Authors: Okuda Tatsushi , Tsuruga Tomohiro 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We examine the role of fragmentation of information in explaining the dynamics of sectoral inflation. Using the quarterly survey of firms’ prices and costs in Japan, we first document two empirical facts: the sensitivity of sectoral inflation to changes in sectoral costs monotonically decreases with the dispersion of changes in (i) current costs and (ii) those in the past. A direct application of the dispersed information model can reconcile the fact (i) but fails to reconcile the fact (ii). We then extend the standard imperfect information model to construct a dynamic general equilibrium model that features fragmentation of information, wherein a finite number of groups of firms exist and firms in the same group share common idiosyncratic noises in their signals. Using this model, we find that the degree of fragmentation of information plays a crucial role in explaining these empirical facts.
Atmospheric Dryness Constrains CO2 Uptake During the Peak Growing Season and at Noontime in an Alpine Wetland Ecosystem
Authors: Hua Liqin , Tao Jing , Qi Yahui , Wang Zhuangzhuang , Wei Da , Wang Xiaodan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIncrease in atmospheric dryness, characterized as vapor pressure deficit (VPD), might constrain terrestrial productivity. Nevertheless, the precise temporal impacts of VPD on the gross primary productivity (GPP) of alpine wetland ecosystems during the growing season remain elusive. The alpine ecosystems of the Tibetan Plateau (TP), where productivity is highly constrained by the cold climate, have experienced pronounced warming of 0.26°C decade−1 with associated increase in VPD. In this study, by examining eddy covariance observations taken in an alpine wetland on the TP over five consecutive years, we characterized when and how VPD variation causes negative impact on ecosystem productivity. The TP alpine wetland functioned as a net CO2 sink with magnitude of 164.6 ± 22.0 g C m−2 yr−1. It was found that VPD played a crucial role in the seasonal variation in GPP especially in the peak growing season, that is, it even suppressed the positive effect of temperature on GPP. As temperatures declined in the latter stages of the growing season, the inhibitory effect of VPD on GPP gradually diminished. We further found that the VPD at midday (13:00–14:30) was crucial for inhibition of photosynthesis and midday depression of GPP. Our results emphasize the role of atmospheric dryness during the middle growing season and at midday on GPP, thereby providing new insights into how VPD affects CO2 uptake in a warming climate.
Comparative phytochemical and pharmacological analysis of two cultivars of Annona squamosa L. cultivated in Egypt
Authors: Yassin Safaa , Elsohafy Samah M. , El-Hawiet Amr , Abdel-Kader Maged S. , Ghareeb Doaa A. , Darwish Fikria A. , Amer Masouda E. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study compared two Annona squamosa L. cultivars, Abdelrazik (Annona A.) and Balady (Annona B.), in terms of their chemical profile, in vitro cytotoxicity against HCT-116 and A549 cell lines, and total acetogenin. In addition, the two cultivars pulp were compared regarding carbohydrates and magnesium ions content and immunomodulating activity. The two cultivars were also differentiated genetically by DNA barcoding using the universal primer matK and the specific primer Annona squamosa matK. The results showed that Annona A. seeds had higher acetogenin content and exhibited more potent cytotoxic activity against the two cell lines. In contrast, Annona B. pulp had higher carbohydrate content and lower magnesium ions content. The splenic lymphocyte proliferation assay revealed that Annona A. pulp extract was slightly more active as an immunostimulant. The specific primer used for DNA barcoding was more effective for species identification, while the universal primer was better for cultivar differentiation. Overall, our findings indicate the potential for using active compounds of Annona squamosa L. cultivars to develop new therapeutic agents for cancer therapy and immune enhancement.
Ancient DNA reveals reproductive barrier despite shared Avar-period culture
Authors: Wang Ke , Tobias Bendeguz , Pany-Kucera Doris , Berner Margit , Eggers Sabine , Gnecchi-Ruscone Guido Alberto , Zlámalová Denisa , Gretzinger Joscha , Ingrová Pavlína , Rohrlach Adam B. , Tuke Jonathan , Traverso Luca , Klostermann Paul , Koger Robin , Friedrich Ronny , Wiltschke-Schrotta Karin , Kirchengast Sylvia , Liccardo Salvatore , Wabnitz Sandra , Vida Tivadar , Geary Patrick J. , Daim Falko , Pohl Walter , Krause Johannes , Hofmanová Zuzana 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
After a long-distance migration, Avars with Eastern Asian ancestry arrived in Eastern Central Europe in 567 to 568 ce and encountered groups with very different European ancestry1,2. We used ancient genome-wide data of 722 individuals and fine-grained interdisciplinary analysis of large seventh- to eighth-century ce neighbouring cemeteries south of Vienna (Austria) to address the centuries-long impact of this encounter1,2. We found that even 200 years after immigration, the ancestry at one site (Leobersdorf) remained dominantly East Asian-like, whereas the other site (Mödling) shows local, European-like ancestry. These two nearby sites show little biological relatedness, despite sharing a distinctive late-Avar culture3,4. We reconstructed six-generation pedigrees at both sites including up to 450 closely related individuals, allowing per-generation demographic profiling of the communities. Despite different ancestry, these pedigrees together with large networks of distant relatedness show absence of consanguinity, patrilineal pattern with female exogamy, multiple reproductive partnerships (for example, levirate) and direct correlation of biological connectivity with archaeological markers of social status. The generation-long genetic barrier was maintained by systematically choosing partners with similar ancestry from other sites in the Avar realm. Leobersdorf had more biological connections with the Avar heartlands than with Mödling, which is instead linked to another site from the Vienna Basin with European-like ancestry. Mobility between sites was mostly due to female exogamy pointing to different marriage networks as the main driver of the maintenance of the genetic barrier.
Microsatellite/SSR dataset: characterization of apple cultivars of the German Fruit Genebank
Authors: Broschewitz Lea , Reim Stefanie , Flachowsky Henryk , Höfer Monika 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The German Fruit Genebank is a decentralized network focused on coordinating various germplasm collections across Germany to conserve and utilize the genetic resources of native fruit species. This aim emphasizes the necessity of trueness-to-type validation of genetic resources based on pomological and molecular characteristics. Between 2009 and 2021, multiple projects were undertaken to create an inventory of the apple (Malus ssp.) network of the German Fruit Genebank. Eight partner locations across Germany participated in these projects to assess the authenticity of apple cultivars. Firstly, at least two knowledgeable experts from the German Pomological Association characterized the apple accessions pomologically. Secondly, DNA fingerprint analysis was conducted for molecular characterization. The DNA fingerprint analysis employed a set of 17 simple sequence repeat markers and 8 reference genotypes recommended by the European Cooperative Programme for Plant Genetic Resources Malus/Pyrus working group and was carried out by ecogenics GmbH (c/o Microsynth AG, Balgach, Switzerland). 8,184 samples were analysed, resulting in the compilation of 1,404 molecular groups that correspond to distinct apple cultivars.
Delayed onset of ocean acidification in the Gulf of Maine
Authors: Stewart Joseph A. , Williams Branwen , LaVigne Michèle , Wanamaker Alan D. , Strong Aaron L. , Jellison Brittany , Whitney Nina M. , Thatcher Diana L. , Robinson Laura F. , Halfar Jochen , Adey Walter 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Gulf of Maine holds significant ecological and economic value for fisheries and communities in north-eastern North America. However, there is apprehension regarding its vulnerability to the effects of increasing atmospheric CO2. Substantial recent warming and the inflow of low alkalinity waters into the Gulf of Maine have raised concerns about the impact of ocean acidification on resident marine calcifiers (e.g. oysters, clams, mussels). With limited seawater pH records, the natural variability and drivers of pH in this region remain unclear. To address this, we present coastal water pH proxy records using boron isotope (δ11B) measurements in long-lived, annually banded, crustose coralline algae (1920–2018 CE). These records indicate seawater pH was low (~ 7.9) for much of the last century. Contrary to expectation, we also find that pH has increased (+ 0.2 pH units) over the past 40 years, despite concurrent rising atmospheric CO2. This increase is attributed to an increased input of high alkalinity waters derived from the Gulf Stream. This delayed onset of ocean acidification is cause for concern. Once ocean circulation-driven buffering effects reach their limit, seawater pH decline may occur swiftly. This would profoundly harm shellfisheries and the broader Gulf of Maine ecosystem.
Positive sentiment and expertise predict the diffusion of archaeological content on social media
Authors: Bonacchi Chiara , Krzyzanska Marta , Acerbi Alberto 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the dissemination of archaeological information on Twitter/X through the lens of cultural evolution. By analysing 132,230 tweets containing the hashtag #archaeology from 2021 to 2023, we examine how content and context-related factors influence retweeting behaviour. Our findings reveal that tweets with positive sentiment and non-threatening language are more likely to be shared, contrasting with the common negativity bias observed on social media. Additionally, content authored by experts, particularly those with archaeological or historical expertise, is more frequently retweeted than content from popular figures lacking domain-specific expertise. The study also challenges the notion that pseudoarchaeology spreads rapidly and caution against overestimating its impact. Our results align with other studies on the spread of misinformation and “toxic” behaviour on social media, showing that the sharing of negative and hostile content by a vocal minority of users is mediated by other factors pertaining to the context of the communication. These insights underscore the nuanced dynamics of archaeology communication, emphasizing the importance of expert-led and positively charged narratives in engaging the public on social media.
Bilateral hip exoskeleton assistance enables faster walking in individuals with chronic stroke-related gait impairments
Authors: Livolsi Chiara , Conti Roberto , Ciapetti Tommaso , Guanziroli Eleonora , Fridriksson Thor , Alexandersson Ásgeir , Trigili Emilio , Giovacchini Francesco , Lova Raffaele Molino , Esquenazi Alberto , Molteni Franco , Crea Simona , Vitiello Nicola 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Millions of individuals surviving a stroke have lifelong gait impairments that reduce their personal independence and quality of life. Reduced walking speed is one of the major problems limiting community mobility and reintegration. Previous studies have shown positive effect of robot-assisted gait training utilizing hip exoskeletons for individuals with gait impairments due to a stroke, leading to increased walking speed in post-treatment compared to pre-treatment assessments. However, no evidence emerged of a significant increasing in walking speed attributable to device usage compared to walking without the device. In this pilot investigation, we observed that hip flexion/extension assistance delivered by a portable bilateral powered hip exoskeleton increased overground self-selected walking speed by 20.2 ± 5.0% on average among six chronic post-stroke survivors. When comparing walking with and without the hip exoskeleton within the same experimental session, the observed speed increment resulted in statistically and clinically meaningful improvement (0.14 ± 0.03 m/s > minimal clinically important difference, p = 0.015). The increased walking speed was the result of a higher self-selected cadence and longer step length both on the paretic and nonparetic limbs. By facilitating gait, a bilateral hip exoskeleton could be a viable technology for extending locomotor mobility and facilitating gait training of individuals affected by post-stroke hemiparesis.
Autophagy regulator ATG5 preserves cerebellar function by safeguarding its glycolytic activity
Authors: Tutas Janine , Tolve Marianna , Özer-Yildiz Ebru , Ickert Lotte , Klein Ines , Silverman Quinn , Liebsch Filip , Dethloff Frederik , Giavalisco Patrick , Endepols Heike , Georgomanolis Theodoros , Neumaier Bernd , Drzezga Alexander , Schwarz Guenter , Thorens Bernard , Gatto Graziana , Frezza Christian , Kononenko Natalia L. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Dysfunctions in autophagy, a cellular mechanism for breaking down components within lysosomes, often lead to neurodegeneration. The specific mechanisms underlying neuronal vulnerability due to autophagy dysfunction remain elusive. Here we show that autophagy contributes to cerebellar Purkinje cell (PC) survival by safeguarding their glycolytic activity. Outside the conventional housekeeping role, autophagy is also involved in the ATG5-mediated regulation of glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) levels during cerebellar maturation. Autophagy-deficient PCs exhibit GLUT2 accumulation on the plasma membrane, along with increased glucose uptake and alterations in glycolysis. We identify lysophosphatidic acid and serine as glycolytic intermediates that trigger PC death and demonstrate that the deletion of GLUT2 in ATG5-deficient mice mitigates PC neurodegeneration and rescues their ataxic gait. Taken together, this work reveals a mechanism for regulating GLUT2 levels in neurons and provides insights into the neuroprotective role of autophagy by controlling glucose homeostasis in the brain.
Visual cognition in multimodal large language models
Authors: Schulze Buschoff Luca M. , Akata Elif , Bethge Matthias , Schulz Eric 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A chief goal of artificial intelligence is to build machines that think like people. Yet it has been argued that deep neural network architectures fail to accomplish this. Researchers have asserted these models’ limitations in the domains of causal reasoning, intuitive physics and intuitive psychology. Yet recent advancements, namely the rise of large language models, particularly those designed for visual processing, have rekindled interest in the potential to emulate human-like cognitive abilities. This paper evaluates the current state of vision-based large language models in the domains of intuitive physics, causal reasoning and intuitive psychology. Through a series of controlled experiments, we investigate the extent to which these modern models grasp complex physical interactions, causal relationships and intuitive understanding of others’ preferences. Our findings reveal that, while some of these models demonstrate a notable proficiency in processing and interpreting visual data, they still fall short of human capabilities in these areas. Our results emphasize the need for integrating more robust mechanisms for understanding causality, physical dynamics and social cognition into modern-day, vision-based language models, and point out the importance of cognitively inspired benchmarks.
Synthesis of a three-phase heterojunction NdVO4/V2O5/BiVO4 by cation exchange method for the degradation of anionic azo dye orange II
Authors: Li Liyang , Liao Zixi , Yi Jianhong , Fang Dong 
Published: January 2025

This study prepared the NdVO4/V2O5/BiVO4 three-phase heterojunction via a cation exchange method, achieving a degradation efficiency of 96.15% for orange II dye. This method provides an effective approach for degrading anionic azo dyes.
Constructing fecal-derived electrocatalysts for CO2 upcycling: simultaneously tackling waste and carbon emissions
Authors: Hu Yanxi , Wang Xintian , Liu Juan , Lu Xuanzhao , Huang Li , Jiang Yujing , Zhao Lingyu , Li Jinfeng , Yin Zhizhen , Cui Jian , Zhu Wenlei , Wang Yuanyuan 
Published: January 2025

We developed a Cu-based electrocatalyst from pig manure-derived biochar for efficient CO2 reduction, achieving 87.14% faradaic efficiency and 44.80% multicarbon product selectivity.
Research on automatic modulation recognition of shortwave signals in few‐shot scenarios based on knowledge distillation
Authors: Yao Qi , Yang Jingjing , Huang Ming 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAutomatic modulation recognition plays an important role in wireless communication and radio regulation. Existing deep learning‐based automatic modulation recognition techniques perform well with large datasets and high computational power but require significant resources for labelled data and complex pre‐processing. This paper proposes a multi‐information fusion method for few‐shot modulation recognition, which involves converting I/Q signals into A/P signals and training with a combination of VGG and LSTM network models. An ensemble knowledge distillation (EKD) approach is employed to streamline the network model, meeting the demands for deploying neural network models on compact devices. Experimental results demonstrate that using only 1% of the shortwave modulation signal dataset as the training set, the proposed model achieves an average classification accuracy of 71.08% under all signal‐to‐noise ratios, surpassing the currently popular deep learning models. Moreover, two small‐scale networks, MobileNetV3 and convolutional neural network are trained, through EKD. Compared to the teacher network, the floating‐point operations of the distilled models are reduced by 99.8% and 99.7%, respectively, and the average prediction accuracy only decreases by 16.05% and 8.09%. The lightweight, few‐shot networks designed in this study for shortwave modulation signals aim to achieve fast and accurate modulation recognition on compact devices.
Joint beamforming and reflection design for IRS‐aided co‐existing radar and communication
Authors: Deng Qijun , Jiang Zhengming , Huang Min , Sun Weize , Li Qian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOptimum performance of co‐existing radar and communication (CRC) system is a challenging task when target and user exist within a crowded area where path‐loss is dominant. Inspired by the application of intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) in reconstructing the wireless transmission environment, this paper investigates deploying IRS to the CRC system to pursue performance improvement. Particularly, we consider an IRS‐assisted CRC system where the IRS not only provides an indirect communication path but inevitably introduces additional interfering paths. Our goal is to maximize the radar signal‐to‐interference‐plus noise ratio (SINR) by jointly optimizing the transmit beamform and the phase of IRS while satisfying the user SINR, the total transmit power at the radar and base station, the restriction of IRS phaseshift. An efficient alternative optimization algorithm combining the second‐order cone programming and semidefinite programming optimization methods is exploited to solve the complicated non‐convex unit‐norm problem. Simulation results reveal the advantages of deploying IRS in the CRC system and the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm.
An online loop closing current calculation method for complex distribution networks considering source and load uncertainties
Authors: Peng Weifeng , Sha Licheng , Zheng Kaiyuan , Dong Shufeng , Zhang Xin , Tian Jing 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTo address the challenges posed by frequent source and load fluctuations in existing loop closing current calculation methods, this paper proposes an online loop closing current calculation method that considers source and load uncertainties. First, a dual‐stack dynamic monitoring system is utilized to obtain real‐time voltage and current variations before and after disturbances. Second, Thevenin's theorem is employed to build an equivalent model of the distribution network, simplifying the complex network into a combination of an independent voltage source and a series impedance. Then, the steady‐state loop closing current is calculated based on the open‐circuit voltage and equivalent impedance at both sides of the loop closing point. Next, the optimal frequency method is applied to determine the equivalent impedance and attenuation time constant at a specific frequency, achieving accurate calculation of the transient loop closing current. Finally, simulations are conducted to model the fluctuations in distributed generation and load, analysing the steady‐state and transient loop closing currents. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method accurately captures the effects of source and load fluctuations on the loop closing current in dynamic environments, with minimal calculation error, indicating its high practicality.
Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome and Diabetes: An Update from the Italian
Registry and Review of the Literature
Authors: Minelli Antonella , Pintani Emily , Valli Roberto , Tridello Gloria , Porta Giovanni , Fioredda Francesca , Cipolli Marco , Danesino Cesare 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe issue of a possible association between Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome and
diabetes has been debated for many years. This review updates the Italian
Shwachman-Diamond registry, confirming our previous findings that suggest that
these patients might be at higher risk of developing diabetes, particularly type
1. These data are of relevance in the clinical follow-up of patients in everyday
life, emphasizing the need for early diagnosis and timely intervention.
ESG as risk factor
Authors: Dobrick Juris , Klein Christian , Zwergel Bernhard 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
There are numerous risk factors in asset pricing models that have been identified over the years. In this paper, we address the question of whether factors constructed using ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) scores could potentially meet the necessary requirements for risk factors in multifactor models. While numerous studies indicate that the ESG performance of firms could be financially material, the integration of ESG factors has so far not been fully evaluated. We pay particular attention to the problem of divergent scores across different rating providers and investigate whether the regression results of 4- and 5-factor models converge. The evaluation is carried out with Fama–French and Carhart models, extended by an additional factor representing ESG, respectively. We find that there are ESG factors across all investigated rating providers that capture common-variation in stock returns over time, indicating that ESG should be considered in common asset pricing models.