bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impaired Barrier Integrity of the Skeletal Muscle Vascular Endothelium Drives Progression of Cancer Cachexia
Authors: Rehman Jalees , Kim Young-Mee , Sanborn Mark , Wang Xinge , Mancinelli Georgina , Chakraborty Sreeparna , Vijeth Shaluah , Gajwani Priyanka , Grippo Paul , Lee Steve Seung-Young , Valyi-Nagy Tibor , Toth Peter , Valyi-Nagy Klara 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Cancer patients experience cachexia, which is characterized by extensive skeletal muscle wasting that worsens the quality of life and increases mortality. Currently, there are no approved treatments that can effectively counteract cancer cachexia. Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) are essential for maintaining tissue perfusion, nutrient supply, and preventing inappropriate transmigration of immune cells into the tissue. However, little is known about the role of the muscle vasculature in cancer cachexia. We hypothesized that endothelial dysfunction in the skeletal muscle mediates cancer cachexia. Using transgenic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) mice and a tissue clearing and high-resolution 3D-tissue imaging approach, we found that the loss of skeletal muscle vascular density precedes the loss of muscle mass. Importantly, we show that cancer cachexia patients exhibit significantly decreased muscle vascular density and severe muscle atrophy when compared to non-cancer patients. Unbiased single cell transcriptomic analyses of the muscle endothelium unveiled a unique EC population present in cachexia muscles. Increased circulating Activin-A suppresses the expression of the transcriptional co-activator PGC1α in the muscle endothelium, thus disrupting junctional integrity in the vasculature and increasing vascular leakage. Conversely, restoration of endothelial-specific PGC1α prevented the decreased vascular density and muscle loss observed in tumor-bearing mice. Our study suggests that endothelial PGC1α is essential for maintaining the integrity of the skeletal muscle vascular barrier and that restoring muscle endothelial function could be a valuable therapeutic approach to prevent or reverse cancer cachexia.
Research on the Influence of Medical Insurance on Technological Innovation in Medical Industry：Evidence from Serious Illness Insurance in China
Authors: Jiang Ling 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Can medical insurance, as an incision, promote technological innovation in the medical industry against the backdrop of China's high-quality development of medical insurance? Using serious illness insurance as an example, this paper employs the multi-period double difference method to assess the impact and mechanism of serious illness insurance on medical device innovation, based on R&D investment data for medical device industry in 29 Chinese provinces from 2007 to 2019. The study found that serious illness insurance considerably increased the development of medical devices. According to a mechanism study, serious illness insurance raises patients' demand for medical care, which increases the number of people who seek treatment, the number of people who stay in hospitals, the number of outpatient visits, and the market for medical devices. According to the adjustment effect, the more beds accessible to regional hospitals and the lower the level of market competition, the more overtly serious illness insurance encourages medical device innovation. This study provides policy insight for supporting high-quality coordinated growth of medical security and pharmaceutical services, as well as a deeper understanding of the logical relationship between medical insurance and technological innovation in the medical industry.
A viable varying speed of light model in the RW metric
Authors: Lee Seokcheon 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The Robertson-Walker (RW) metric allows us to apply general relativity to model the behavior of the Universe as a whole (i.e., cosmology). We can properly interpret various cosmological observations, like the cosmological redshift, the Hubble parameter, geometrical distances, and so on, if we identify fundamental observers with individual galaxies. That is to say that the interpretation of observations of modern cosmology relies on the RW metric. The RW model satisfies the cosmological principle in which the 3-space always remains isotropic and homogeneous. One can derive the cosmological redshift relation from this condition. We show that it is still possible for us to obtain consistent results in a specific time-varying speed of light model without spoiling the success of the standard model. The validity of this model needs to be determined by observations.
Testing multiple hypotheses for the colour change of treefrogs: continuously changing external conditions, functional conflicts, and individuality
Authors: Park Chohee , No Seongsoo , Yoo Sohee , Oh Dogeun , Hwang Yerin , Kim Yongsu , Kang Changku 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Amphibians are famous for their ability to change colours, and a considerable number of studies have investigated the internal and external factors that affect the expression of this phenotypic plasticity. Evidence to date suggests that thermoregulation and camouflage are the main pressures that influence frogs’ adaptive colour change responses. However, certain gaps in our knowledge of this phenomenon remain, namely: (i) how do frogs adjust their colour in response to continuously changing external conditions?; (ii) what is the direction of change when two different functions of colour (camouflage and thermoregulation) are in conflict?; (iii) does reflectance in the near-infrared region show thermally adaptive change?; and (iv) is the colour change ability of each frog an individual trait (i.e. consistent within an individual over time)? UsingDryophytes japonicus(Hylidae, Hyla), we performed a series of experiments to answer the above questions. We first showed that frogs’ responses to continuously-changing external conditions (i.e., background colour and temperature) were not linear and limited to the range they experience under natural conditions. Second, when a functional conflict existed, camouflage constrained the adaptive response for thermoregulation andvice versa.Third, though both temperature and background colour induced a change in near-infrared reflectance, this change was largely explained by the high correlation between colour (reflectance in the visible spectrum) and near-infrared reflectance. Fourth, within-individual variation in colour change capacity (i.e., the degree of colour change an individual can display) was lower than inter-individual variation, suggesting individuality of colour change capacity; however, we also found that colour change capacity could change gradually with time within individuals. We discuss the adaptive explanations of the results.
Stability and sharp decay for 3D incompressible MHD system with fractional horizontal dissipation and magnetic diffusion
Authors: Li Jingna , Wang Haozhen , Zheng Dahao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper aims as the stability and large-time behavior of 3D incompressible Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations with fractional horizontal dissipation and magnetic diffusion. By using the energy methods , we obtain that if the initial data is small enough in H3 (R3), then this system possesses a global solution, and whose horizontal derivatives decay at least at the rate of (1 + t) − 1/2 . Moreover, if we control the initial data further small in H3(R3) ∩ Hh −1 (R3), the sharp decay of this solution and its first-order derivatives are established.
Mathematics Subject Classification. 35Q35, 35B35, 35B40, 76D03.
Effect of charge accumulation on Kruskal-Schwarzschild instability
Authors: Bordbar Maryam , Hajisharifi Kamal , Mehdian Hassan , Hasanbeigi Ali 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In the present paper, the effect of charge accumulation on Kruskal - Schwarzschild instability is investigated by considering the displacement current term in Ampere’s law. Employing the non-ideal MHD equations as well as linear perturbation theory, the growth rate of Kruskal - Schwarzschild instability is studied by deriving the growth rate relation analytically. Employing the numerically method, the comparison between the stabilizing role of the magnetic field and the destabilizing role of charge accumulation on the growth rate of instability has been investigated in the broad range of wave number and the wave propagation angle, φ, respect to external magnetic field. The results show that for φ < 60°, the stabilizing effect of the magnetic field overcomes the destabilizing effect of charge accumulation and so the growth rate decreases with increasing Alfven speed. While for φ > 60°, there is a critical point, defined k*c, at which the behavior of instability growth rate curves has been changed with Alfven speed. In this manner, the destabilizing effect of charge accumulation overcomes the stabilizing effect of the magnetic field for k* < k*c and the growth rate increases with increasing Alfven speed, but for k* > k*c the stabilizing effect of the magnetic field overcomes the destabilizing effect of charge accumulation and the growth rate decreases with increasing Alfven speed.
Removal of COD from real oily wastewater by electrocoagulation using a new configuration of electrodes
Authors: Jasim Muhammad Aiyd , AlJaberi Forat Yasir 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In order to bring the chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration down to safe levels for widespread use, this study plans to use a state-of-the-art electrocoagulation reactor (ECR) to treat real oily wastewater discharged from the Al-Muthanna petroleum refinery. A One-Side Finned (1SF) cathode tube was positioned between two tubular anodes in the continuous ECR, where the active area of the cathode was much more than its submerged volume. Each of these electrodes was made of aluminum and joined in a monopolar parallel to a DC power supply. On COD elimination efficiency, the impacts of operational parameters such as electrolysis time (4–60 min), current density (0.630-5.000 mA/cm2), and flow rate (50–150 ml/min) were explored. In conclusion, Increasing current density and electrolysis duration increases COD removal efficiency, whereas increasing flow rate reduces it. COD removal efficiencies were 82% at optimal electrolysis times of 60 (min), 5 (mA/cm2) current density, and 50 (ml/min) flow rate, with energy consumption of 4.787 (kwh/kg COD) and electrode consumption of 0.544. (g).The investigation results demonstrated that the new reactor could treat oily wastewater within the specified operational limits. It might be used before other, more conventional treatments.
Investigating the incidence of stomach cancer in North of Iran; The joinpoint regression model
Authors: Khaleghi Sara , Khafri Soraya , Nikbakht Hossein-Ali , Sepidarkish Mahdi , mosavi taherh 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Cancer incidence is a major public health concern and one of the leading causes of premature mortality worldwide. Here, the aim is to present a model that examines the changes in the incidence of stomach cancer in Babol city, which is a high-risk area in the north of Iran.
methods: This study examines the incidence of stomach cancer from 2000 to 2019 from the cancer registration center of Babol city. The age incidence rate (ASR) was calculated per 100,000 people per year. Trend analysis was calculated using Joinpoint regression software. In this research, the average and percentage of annual changes were calculated based on age and gender.
Results: In this study, the data of 2964 patients with stomach cancer were studied. The ASR for stomach cancer in men was higher than women(32.15 vs 23.18). based on the results, average annual percentage change 2.7 was observed. Also, the incidence of stomach cancer is concentrated in the age group of 65 to 74 and has the highest incidence rate.
Conclusions: Cancer is one of the most important non-communicable diseases and the main cause of death in Iran. we saw an increase in the incidence of stomach cancer, especially in men. Therefore, it is necessary to promote prevention and control programs and policies to improve health indicators to reduce the incidence of this disease and the burden of cancers.
Targeted Activation of HNF4α by AMPK Inhibits Apoptosis and Ameliorates Neurological Injury Caused by Cardiac Arrest in Rats
Authors: Zhan Haohong , Zhang Qiang , Zhang Chenyu , Cheng Jingge , Yang Yilin , Liu Cong , Li Shuhao , Wang Chuyue , Yang Junqin , Ge Hanmei , Zhou Dawang , Li Bo , Wei Hongyan , Hu Chunlin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Previous studies have shown that AMPK plays an important role in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by participating in apoptosis, but the exact mechanism and target of action remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the protective mechanism of AMPK activation on brain injury secondary to cardiac arrest. HE, Nills and TUNEL assays were used to evaluate neuronal damage and apoptosis. The relationships between AMPK, HNF4α and apoptotic genes were verified by ChIP-seq, dual-luciferase and WB assays. The results showed that AMPK improved the 7-day memory function of rats, and reduced neuronal cell injury and apoptosis in the hippocampal CA1 region after ROSC, while the use of HNF4α inhibitor weakened the protective effect of AMPK. Further research found that AMPK positively regulated the expression of HNF4α, and AMPK could promote the expression of Bcl-2 and inhibit the expression of Bax and Caspase 3. In vitro experiments showed that AMPK ameliorated neuronal injury by inhibiting apoptosis through the activation of HNF4α. Combined with ChIP-seq, JASPAR analysis and Dual-luciferase assay, the binding site of HNF4α to the upstream promoter of Bcl-2 was found. Taken together, AMPK attenuates brain injury after CA by activating HNF4α to target Bcl-2 to inhibit apoptosis.
Tungsten-Rhenium Thermocouples Calibration in Ultra-High Temperature Range
Authors: Ulanovskiy Anatoly Aleksandrovich , Ankudinov Sergey Sergeevich 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
There are presented results of experimental research on calibration of tungsten-rhenium thermocouples at the temperatures exceeding the upper limit of measurements (1700 ℃) of standard type B thermocouple. The research was carried out using the high-temperature installation UKT-2500, designed for practical use in production of temperature sensors based on refractory thermocouples. The available electrical insulating materials for thermoelements have been tested in the temperature range of (1500–2500) ℃. The effects of signal shunting and thermocouples stability in an inert atmosphere have been investigated at upper limit of the operating temperature range. There was proved practical feasibility of the method for calibration of several contact temperature sensors (up to 10) in one run relative to radiation pyrometer readings. Its suitability for thermocouple calibration and certifying of thermoelement wires in the temperature range (1200–2200) ℃ was shown. Calibration of a single tungsten-rhenium thermocouple made at the reference fixed point Ru-C demonstrated the highest accuracy. Using bare wire thermoelements W-Re5% and W-Re20%, type A thermocouple was calibrated in the whole measuring range from 1200 ℃ to 2500 ℃ against an accurate radiation pyrometer.
Inhibition of Methanogenesis through Redox Processes in Oil Sands Tailings
Authors: Kuznetsova Alsu , Afzal Iram , Suri Navreet , Kuznetsov Petr , Siddique Tariq 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Bitumen extraction from oil sands ore in Alberta, Canada, has generated > 1.3 billion m3 of tailings that a slurry of fine silt and clay, residual bitumen and diluent hydrocarbons, deposited in ponds. Key environmental issues associated with oil sands tailings include biogenic greenhouse gas emissions (methane and carbon dioxide), water toxicity and its potential seepage, water reuse and solid consolidation. Methane produced during anaerobic microbial metabolism of hydrocarbons is emitted from tailings ponds and end-pit lakes where tailings are reclaimed. This study tests one of the strategies to minimize methane emissions by using iron minerals and other terminal electron acceptors in the inhibition of methanogenesis due to the biodegradation of residual hydrocarbons under alternative, non-methanogenic redox conditions. Our results reveal the potential of indigenous microbes to biodegrade hydrocarbons in the tailings under iron- and sulfate-reducing conditions channelling carbon flow from hydrocarbons to carbon dioxide.
A Case Study in Maritime Heritage Ecology: Understanding How Structural Changes to the 1898 Shipwreck Portland Affect Biological Diversity and Colonization
Authors: Mires Calvin , Meyer-Kaiser Kirstin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Shipwrecks are irreplaceable cultural and historical resources, and they also serve as biological habitats. The physical structure of a shipwreck provides habitat for hard-bottom organisms, including sessile invertebrates (anemones, sponges) and protected areas for fish. The structure of a shipwreck is influenced by cultural and natural site formation processes over time. A key unanswered question is: how do site formation processes and changes in biological communities (ecological succession) influence one another? We studied the shipwreck Portland in Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary to answer this question, working within the interdisciplinary framework of Maritime Heritage Ecology. Analysis of sonar and video data from 2002–2010 and 2019–2021 revealed substantial structural changes to the bow, freight deck, and stern. Site formation on the bow and stern was clearly anthropogenic, as shown by entangled fishing ghost gear. The assemblage of sessile invertebrates in each of the three shipwreck areas also saw changes in community structure, including changes in the relative abundance of species. We also observed changes in the fish community, but these are more likely the result of regional climatic change. Overall, our study showed that ghost gear is a significant threat to Portland and other shipwrecks in Stellwagen, and that site formation drives changes in the biological community over time.
The Effect of Hopelessness on Individual Entrepreneurship Perception in Health Science Students
Authors: Saygili Meltem , Ture Aysun Kandemir , Özkan Şirin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

The aim of this study is to evaluate the individual entrepreneurship perceptions and hopelessness levels of university students studying in the field of health sciences, to determine the affecting sociodemographic factors and to reveal the effect of hopelessness level on individual entrepreneurship perception. The population of the study consists of undergraduate students studying in the faculty of health sciences of a university in Turkey. The data were obtained with sociodemographic information form, Individual Entrepreneurship Perception Scale and Beck Hopelessness Scale and the survey method was used with face-to-face interviews. The results obtained from this study completed with the participation of 681 students showed that the individual entrepreneurship perception levels of the students studying in the field of health sciences were high (117,95±16,84; min: 44-max: 155) and their hopelessness levels were moderate (9,06±5,36; min: 0-max: 20). The results of the correlation analysis revealed that students' perceptions of individual entrepreneurship were negatively and moderately (r=- 0,498) related to their hopelessness levels. The results of the regression analysis showed that students' hopelessness levels and its sub-dimensions explained 26.3% of the total variance on individual entrepreneurship perception, and the increase in the participants' hopelessness perceptions regarding the sub-dimensions of hope (t=-7,383; p<0,001), loss of motivation (t=-2,470; p=0,014) and expectations for the future (t=-2,252; p<0,025) statistically decreased their individual entrepreneurship perceptions.Entrepreneurship education is necessary not only to shape the mindset of young people, but also to provide new skills, ideas and knowledge that are at the center of developing an entrepreneurial culture.
Constrained Expectation-Maximisation for inference of social graphs explaining online user-user interactions
Authors: Papanastasiou Effrosyni , Giovanidis Anastasios 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Current network inference algorithms fail to generate graphs with edges that can explain whole sequences of node interactions in a given dataset or trace. To quantify how well an inferred graph can explain a trace, we introduce feasibility, a novel quality criterion, and suggest that it is linked to the result's accuracy. In addition, we propose CEM-*, a network inference method that guarantees 100% feasibility given online social media traces, which is a non-trivial extension of the Expectation-Maximization algorithm developed by Newman (2018). We propose a set of linear optimization updates that incorporate a set of auxiliary variables and a set of feasibility constraints; the latter takes into consideration all the hidden paths that are possible between users based on their timestamps of interaction and guides the inference toward feasibility. We provide two CEM-* variations, that assume either an Erdős–Rényi (ER) or a Stochastic Block Model (SBM) prior for the underlying graph's unknown distribution. Extensive experiments on one synthetic and one real-world Twitter dataset show that for both priors CEM-* can generate a posterior distribution of graphs that explains the whole trace while being closer to the ground truth. As an additional benefit, the use of the SBM prior infers and clusters users simultaneously during optimization. CEM-* outperforms baseline and state-of-the-art methods in terms of feasibility, run-time, and precision of the inferred graph and communities. Finally, we propose a heuristic to adapt the inference to lower feasibility requirements and show how it can affect the precision of the result.
WITHDRAWN: Geometric invariance for the conformal image of rectifying curve in Euclidean space R3
Authors: Sharma Sandeep , Singh Kuljeet , Lone Mohamd Saleem 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A rectifying curve is a space curve that plays an important role in the field of differential geometry. This article is a follow-up of the work done in two recent papers [4] and [5], where along with various results on normal, rectifying, and osculating curves, several other properties of these curves are investigated. In this paper, we investigate some geometric invariance for the conformal image of a rectifying curves on regular surfaces under conformal transformation in the Euclidean space R3. The main objective of this paper is to discuss the invariant sufficient condition for the conformal image of a rectifying curve under the conformal, homothetic, and isometric transformations. The normal components of the rectifying curves are also computed, and it is demonstrated that these components remained invariant under the isometry of the surfaces in R3. We also investigated that, for a rectifying curve, the Christoffel symbols are invariant under isometry of surfaces.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010). Secondary 53A15, 53A05, 53A04, 51M05.