bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital transformations in sex work: A scoping review of social media use by female sex workers in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Sakala Doreen , Kumwenda Moses , Kapumba Blessings M , Jamali Gracious , Cowan Frances M , Lora Wezzie S , Desmond Nicola 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIntroductionFemale Sex Workers in Low- and Middle-Income Countries face increased risks of violence, exploitation, stigma, and limited access to healthcare, leading to vulnerability in their communities. Modern communication technologies have transformed FSW interactions with clients, facilitating easier and more accessible connections. This scoping review explores the use of social media by women involved in sex work in Low and middle-income countries to understand how communication technologies have been adopted and exploited to engage with various stakeholders in the industry.MethodologyWe conducted a scoping review following a pre-defined eligibility criterion, systematically searching multiple databases (PubMed, Global Health, Medline, CINAHL, Google Scholar) for English articles published between 1991 and 2024. Two reviewers screened all identified articles and eliminated duplicates using Covidence software. Thematic analysis was performed using NVivo 12 to identify key themes.ResultsThe search yielded 9,442 articles with eight articles meeting the eligibility criteria for inclusion. Social media was reported to provide an opportunity for women to expand their clientele beyond their immediate geographical confines increasing their income. Use of social media reduced women’s exposure to health risks due to reduced physical contact with clients reducing exposure to HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. Social media also increased physical safety through reduced exposure to violence and increased capacity to screen clients prior to any physical contact. Despite these advantages, women who use social media for selling sex face cyber security risks including the non-consensual dissemination of their pictures and videos, online harassment, and bullying.ConclusionThe scoping review found that there is limited research on women’s usage of social media in sex work in LMIC. Social media empowered female sex workers but also posed risks to their autonomy and mental health. Further research is needed to understand the challenges these women face to inform effective policies and practices.
Context-dependent response of endothelial cells toPIK3CAmutation
Authors: Sabata Helena , Roca-Coll Ariadna , Dengra Jose A. , Gouveia Leonor , Martinez-Larrinaga Ane , Collado-Remacha Alberto , Castillo Sandra D. , Castillo Elena , Tisch Nathalie , Andrés-Laguillo Macarena De , Nornes Svanhild , Llena Judith , Villacampa Pilar , Vanhaesebroeck Bart , Alcolea María P. , De Val Sarah , Lopez-Fernandez Susana , De Bock Katrien , Baselga Eulalia , Benedito Rui , Angulo-Urarte Ana , Graupera Mariona 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCancer mutations in thePIK3CAgene cause congenital disorders. The endothelium is among the most frequently affected tissues in these disorders, displaying aberrant vascular overgrowth in the form of malformations. PathologicalPIK3CAvascular phenotypes are found in veins and capillaries but rarely in arteries for reasons that are unclear at present. Here, using lineage tracing, we show that expression of mutatedPIK3CAH1047Rin endothelial cells leads to marked clonal expansions in capillary and venous endothelial cells. In contrast, mature arterial endothelial cells are refractory toPIK3CAmutation under these conditions and never display pathological phenotypes. Moreover,PIK3CAH1047Rexpression in arterial precursors interrupts arterial differentiation, thereby driving fate switch towards venous identity. This fate rewiring offers an additional layer of protection to prevent arterial damage in response toPIK3CAgenetic perturbation. Molecularly, thePIK3CAH1047R-driven arterial-to-venous fate switch is orchestrated by upregulation of the vein-specifying transcription factorNr2f2/COUP-TFII. Our findings reveal that pathogenic responses toPIK3CAH1047Rgreatly depend on the diferentation stage and fate trajectory of the targeted cell. Arteries are thus shielded againstPIK3CAmutation, solving the long-standing question on the rarity ofPIK3CA-related arterial malformations observed in patients.
Noncanonical Wnt/Ror2 Signaling Regulates Basal Cell Fidelity and Branching Morphogenesis in the Mammary Gland
Authors: Si Hongjiang , Mendoza Erika Mendoza , Esquivel Madelyn , Creighton Chad J. , Xu Jianming , Roarty Kevin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe mammary gland epithelium relies on a delicate balance between basal and luminal cell lineages to maintain tissue homeostasis and enable proper development. While the role of canonical Wnt signaling in mammary biology is well-established, the contribution of noncanonical Wnt signaling to lineage identity has remained unclear. Noncanonical Wnt pathways are primarily associated with morphogenesis, cytoskeletal regulation, and cell migration, but whether they are required for maintaining epithelial cell fate remains largely unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that the noncanonical Wnt receptor Ror2 is expressed in both basal and luminal lineages, yet selectively maintained in basal cells throughout development, suggesting a lineage-specific function. Using a p63CreERT2/+lineage-specific mouse model, we show that Ror2 deletion in basal epithelial cells enhances secondary and tertiary branching while driving a basal-to-luminal fate transition, marked by downregulation of basal markers (K14, K5) and upregulation of luminal markers (K8, K18, ERα). Mechanistically, Ror2 loss disrupts RhoA-ROCK1-YAP1 signaling, leading to cytoskeletal reorganization, chromatin remodeling, and increased accessibility at luminal regulatory loci. Notably, ROCK1 inhibition phenocopies Ror2 loss, reinforcing the critical role of the RhoA-ROCK1 axis in basal cell maintenance. These findings provide direct genetic and mechanistic evidence that noncanonical Wnt signaling is essential for maintaining basal lineage fidelity, offering new insights into the mechanisms regulating epithelial plasticity. Given the fundamental importance of lineage stability in epithelial homeostasis, our results suggest that disruptions in Wnt/Ror2 signaling may contribute to aberrant fate transitions relevant to breast cancer progression.
Marmoset Anterior Cingulate Area 32 Neurons Exhibit Responses to Presented and Produced Calls During Naturalistic Vocal Communication
Authors: Johnston Kevin D. , Gilliland Rebekah E. , Wong Raymond K. , Everling Stefan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractVocal communication is a complex social behavior that entails the integration of auditory perception and vocal production. Both anatomical and functional evidence have implicated the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), including area 32, in these processes, but the dynamics of neural responses in area 32 during naturalistic vocal interactions remain poorly understood. Here, we addressed this by recording the activity of single area 32 neurons using chronically implanted ultra high density Neuropixels probes in freely moving common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) engaged in an antiphonal calling paradigm in which they exchanged long-distance “phee” calls with a virtual conspecific. We found that many neurons exhibited complex modulations in discharge rates in response to presented calls, prior to and following self-generated calls, and during the interval between presented and produced vocalizations. These findings are consistent with the conceptualization of area 32 as an audiovocal interface integrating auditory information, cognitive processes, and motor outputs in the service of vocal communication.Significance StatementVocal communication is indispensable in the daily lives of social animals including primates. This sophisticated ability requires processing and production of vocalizations across fluid social contexts. Vocal behavior is controlled by a large network of brain areas. Area 32 within the anterior cingulate cortex may be a linchpin of this network, as it is interconnected with both auditory cortical areas and subcortical structures engaging vocal control. This position is ideal for integrating auditory, motor, and cognitive signals serving vocal behaviour. We show for the first time that neural correlates of these three signal types are present in area 32 neurons recorded in freely moving marmosets during naturalistic vocal exchanges. We conclude that area 32 exhibits the properties of an audiovocal interface.
Digital Microfluidics Automation of Oligonucleotide Assemblies
Authors: Houchaimi Sari , An Hee Tae , Greyson Marcette , Anzelone Paul , Schertzer Michael 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Digital microfluidics can be used to reliably automate repeated ligation steps to create accurate DNA products. This investigation demonstrates assembly of single-stranded and double-stranded DNA products on digital microfluidics devices. It also presents simple, low-cost methods to integrate on-chip incubation on a commonly used digital microfluidic platform. This work presents the ligation of single-stranded and double-stranded DNA products in droplets surrounded in oil and air with on-chip and off-chip incubations. Successful assembly of DNA products was determined by verifying that the size of on-chip DNA products was equal to benchtop controls. This suggests that digital microfluidic devices are a suitable platform for automated assembly of DNA products in a variety of biomedical applications.
Data-Driven Approach for Predicting Vibration Response of Bladed Disks with Geometric Mistuning Parameters
Authors: Liang Daosen , Jia Zichu , Wu Yulin , Cao Zhifu , Zhang Tao , Fan Jun , yao Jianyao 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Deviations in the bladed disk manufacturing, such as uneven thickness, surface roughness, or sinkholes in casted wheels, can cause geometric mistuning and result in vibration amplification, severely decreasing reliability. To study the dynamic characteristics of actual industrial bladed disks that have complex geometric shapes, it is essential to accurately and quickly forecast the vibration response of geometrically mistuned systems. This is still challenging due to the high dimensionality of the geometric mistuning parameters and the extreme sensitivity of vibration response to the random geometric mistuning parameters. This paper proposes a deep neural network framework for forecasting the vibration response of mistuned blade disks with high-dimensional geometric mistuning parameters. We constructed a geometrically mistuned bladed disk deep neural network (GMS-DNN) to model the relation between the geometric mistuning parameter matrix and the blade vibration response. This approach decouples the vibration equations of mistuned systems and substitutes a deep neural network for the coupling process. GMS-DNN adopts the transformer encoder to extract geometric mistuning parameter features and uses the blade-disk boundary response to represent the variation of geometric mistuning parameters for different blades to reduce the deep neural network input parameter dimensions. We verified the validity of the proposed method using geometric deviations from an actual machined industrial bladed disk. The results show that the R2 value of the predicted response is 0.99 for the unknown test data, while the error of the amplification factor of the actual vibration response is less than 0.01.
Dynamic loading for solid oxide stacks under limited actuation
Authors: Fardadi Mahshid , Jabbari Faryar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
High temperature solid oxide cells and stacks are increasingly viewed as critical elements for a promising approach to address the intermittency of the renewable energy sources, such as wind or solar. Used as electrolyzers, such stacks can harness excess power generated at peak periods, which often do not coincide with peak demand, by producing hydrogen for short or long-term storage. Used as fuel cell systems, the stored hydrogen can be used to generate clean energy during periods of low renewable generation. The possibility of use as a reversible system further increases the flexibility to deal with the inherent and large variability of renewable sources, as well as the overall economic viability. The power tracking required - for both fuel cell and electrolyzer modes - can lead to thermal fatigue and short lifespans, a challenge that is more acute if used for operation in the reversible mode, due to the significant differences in the thermal profiles of the two configurations. We propose control techniques to develop high performance controllers for thermal control of the solid oxide stacks, under large variations in the operating conditions. The challenges faced, particularly with respect to actuation and its limitations, differ in the two configurations necessitating a form of gain scheduling in fuel cells and reliance on artificial saturation levels in electrolyzers.
A General Approach for the Optimization of Cylindrical Roller Profiles
Authors: Macareno Luis , Eizmendi Martin , Heras Iker , Abasolo Mikel , Aguirrebeitia Josu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper presents an optimization method for cylindrical roller profiles. In contrast to classical optimization strategies based on a function with parameters, in the new method each point of the profile is free to modify its drop independently. This drop variation occurs iteratively and it is proportional to the contact pressure at each step. Contact pressures are worked out by means of the Boundary Element Method, using influence coefficients. This methodology, called OptiRoller, leads to already known solutions of logarithmic profiles, also allowing the introduction of different variables, such as roller geometrical constraints or tilting control. The paper includes some examples and proposes a formulation for the definition of manufacturing tolerances.
Predictive modelling of real contact area on rough surfaces using deep artificial neural network
Authors: Suman Siddharth , Prajapati Deepak K 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A computational approach employing the boundary element method (BEM) and a deep artificial neural network (ANN) is proposed to accurately predict the real contact area (RCA) for rough surfaces. A BEM-generated dataset is utilized to develop an optimised ANN model for prediction of RCA based on surface topography parameters and applied load. The Bayesian optimized ANN model, employing a ‘logsig’ transfer function in hidden layers and having a 5-44-44-1 architecture, predicts the RCA with a mean error of ≈6 %. Shapley values are utilized for global sensitivity analysis, revealing that applied load and surface roughness are the most influential factors affecting RCA. The generalization capability of the ANN model is validated through comparisons with predictions on test data, demonstrating superior accuracy and computational efficiency over traditional numerical methods. The influence of surface topography parameters reveals that the higher surface roughness reduces RCA due to increased asperity interaction, while higher skewness promotes a larger RCA by increasing the number of contact points. Kurtosis influences RCA non-linearly, with higher kurtosis yielding lower RCA at low loads but higher RCA at high loads due to asperity distribution characteristics. The optimized deep neural network model not only predicts the real contact area with high accuracy but also significantly faster than boundary element simulations, conclusively demonstrating its potential to accelerate the design and optimization process in rough surface contact mechanics.
The Roles of Size, Packing, and Cohesion in the Emergence of Force Chains in Granular Packings
Authors: Shrivastava Ankit , Dayal Kaushik , Noh Hae Young 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study investigates computationally the impact of particle size disparity and cohesion on force chain formation in granular media. The granular media considered in this study are bi-disperse systems under uniaxial compression, consisting of spherical, frictionless particles that interact through a modified Hookean model. Force chains in granular media are characterized as networks of particles that meet specific criteria for particle stress and inter-particle forces. The computational setup decouples the effects of particle packing on force chain formations, ensuring an independent assessment of particle size distribution and cohesion on force chain formation. The decoupling is achieved by characterizing particle packing through the radial density function, which enables the identification of systems with both regular and irregular packing. The fraction of particles in the force chains network is used to quantify the presence of the force chains. The findings show that particle size disparity promotes force chain formation in granular media with nearly-regular packing (i.e., an almost-ordered system). However, as particle size disparities grow, it promotes irregular packing (i.e., a disordered systems), leading to fewer force chains carrying larger loads than in ordered systems. Further, it is observed that the increased cohesion in granular systems leads to fewer force chains irrespective of particle size or packing.
Features of Successful Talent-Development Environments in Norwegian Professional Women’s Football
Authors: Sæther Stig Arve , Banne Henriette Bolstad , Larsen Carsten Hvid , Storm Louise Kamuk , Schlawe Anusofia , Henriksen Kristoffer 
Published: February 2025

The aim of this study was to examine the talent development of a junior-elite team in a women’s football club in Norway. Using a holistic ecological approach, this study was designed as a single exemplary case study of a club in a preclub merge phase caused by a potential merger between a women-only club, FC Dragons and a men-only club, FC Spiders (both clubs are pseudonyms). The data collection included interviews, observations, and document analysis. We found the women’s junior-elite team, FC Dragons, to be characterized by similar characteristics as the men’s club, such as support of sporting goals by the wider environment, a focus on long-term development with little focus on results, training groups with supportive relationships, a coherent organizational culture, and integration of efforts. The women’s team environment was furthermore characterized by access to proximal role models (i.e., the senior players) and closer relationships between coaches of the club’s junior and senior teams. Based on the findings, we discuss how the context of women’s football impacted the talent development environment given to the players in the club.
The impact of ibezapolstat and other
Clostridioides difficile
infection-relevant antibiotics on the microbiome of humanized mice
Authors: Wolfe Trenton M. , Jo Jinhee , Pinkham Nick V. , Garey Kevin W. , Walk Seth T. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Ibezapolstat (IBZ) is a competitive inhibitor of the bacterial Pol IIIC enzyme in clinical development for the treatment of
Clostridioides difficile
infection (CDI). Previous studies demonstrated that IBZ carries a favorable microbiome diversity profile compared to vancomycin (VAN). However, head-to-head comparisons with other CDI antibiotics have not been done. The purpose of this study was to compare microbiome changes associated with IBZ to other clinically used CDI antibiotics. Groups of germ-free (GF) mice received a fecal microbiota transplant from one of two healthy human donors and were subsequently exposed to either IBZ, VAN, fidaxomicin (FDX), metronidazole (MET), or no antibiotic (control). 16S rRNA encoding gene sequencing of temporally collected stool samples was used to compare the gut microbiome perturbations between treatment and no-drug control groups. Among the tested antibiotics, the most significant change in microbiome diversity was observed in MET-treated mice. Each antibiotic had a unique effect, but changes in alpha and beta diversities following FDX- and IBZ-treated groups were less pronounced than those observed in VAN- or MET-treated groups. By the end of therapy, both IBZ and FDZ increased the relative abundance of
Bacteroidota
(phylum), with IBZ additionally increasing the relative abundance of
Actinomycetota
(phylum). In microbiome-humanized mice, IBZ and FDX had smaller effects on gut microbiome diversity than VAN and MET. Notable differences were observed between the microbiome of IBZ- and FDX-treated groups, which may allow for differentiation of these two antibiotics in future studies.
Minimal changes in microbial abundances and diversity over 7 years of emplacement for modules of compacted bentonite exposed to natural groundwater
Authors: Sidhu Harmanpreet S. , Engel Katja , Ford Sian E. , Keech Peter , Behazin Mehran , Binns W. Jeffrey , Srikanthan Nivetha , Simpson Myrna J. , Neufeld Josh D. , Slater Gregory F. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

The multi-national
in situ
Materials Corrosion Test (MaCoTe), being conducted at the Grimsel Test Site in Switzerland, assesses the stability of bentonite as it may be utilized within deep geological repositories (DGRs), which are proposed for the safe, long-term disposal of used nuclear fuel. This experiment provides an opportunity for long-term assessments of changes in microbial communities associated with compacted subsurface bentonite samples exposed to a natural groundwater. Leveraging samples from MaCoTe, herein, we report temporal data for the abundance and community composition of microorganisms associated with compacted bentonite samples emplaced over 7 years under
in situ
subsurface conditions. Phospholipid fatty acid analysis, 16S rRNA gene quantification and sequencing, cultivation, and natural organic matter analyses all indicated no significant changes for microbial community abundances associated with inner layers of bentonite samples over the 7 years. While microbial abundances did not change in the inner layers, the PLFA data suggest potential changes in microbial community composition and could also indicate prolonged microbial turnover rates. Overall, the results support microbial stability in compacted bentonite exposed to DGR-like conditions for at least 7 years.

IMPORTANCE
Long-term assessments of changes in microbial activity in compacted low-biomass bentonite systems analogous to deep geological repositories (DGRs) are critical to test conditions for stable engineered bentonite barrier components. This study assesses long-term temporal changes in microbial communities of compacted bentonites exposed to natural groundwater. It offers 7-year data that indicate stability of bentonite-based materials intended for use in engineered barrier systems of a DGR for the safe, long-term disposal of used nuclear fuel, with wider implications for microbial persistence in a deep subsurface environment.
Current prevalence and therapeutic strategies for porcine
Streptococcus suis
in China
Authors: Lv Ruoyi , Zhang Wenjing , Sun Zhigang , Si Xiaohui , Dong Hong , Liu Xiaoye 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Porcine
Streptococcus suis
is a zoonotic bacterial pathogen that poses serious threats to both human and animal health.
S. suis
is ubiquitously transmitted from the swine industry to the environments and human communities. However, the ambiguous epidemiological patterns and the escalating risk of antimicrobial resistance render
S. suis
infections a considerable challenge. Here, we review the current prevalence of
S. suis
infection worldwide, including identified bacterial strains, routes of infection, and transformation of resistance genes. This comprehensive overview of the prevalent patterns in
S. suis
offers detailed insights into therapeutic approaches for porcine infections and alternative strategies to address emerging resistant strains, highlighting potential multitarget prevention and treatment options to combat
S. suis
infection.