bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gut Microbiome Associated With Graves Disease and Graves Orbitopathy: The INDIGO Multicenter European Study
Authors: Biscarini Filippo , Masetti Giulia , Muller Ilaria , Verhasselt Hedda Luise , Covelli Danila , Colucci Giuseppe , Zhang Lei , Draman Mohd Shazli , Okosieme Onyebuchi , Taylor Pete , Daumerie Chantal , Burlacu Maria-Cristina , Marinò Michele , Ezra Daniel George , Perros Petros , Plummer Sue , Eckstein Anja , Salvi Mario , Marchesi Julian R , Ludgate Marian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractContextGut bacteria can influence host immune responses but little is known about their role in tolerance-loss mechanisms in Graves disease (GD; hyperthyroidism caused by autoantibodies, TRAb, to the thyrotropin receptor, TSHR) and its progression to Graves orbitopathy (GO).ObjectiveThis work aimed to compare the fecal microbiota in GD patients, with GO of varying severity, and healthy controls (HCs).MethodsPatients were recruited from 4 European countries (105 GD patients, 41 HCs) for an observational study with cross-sectional and longitudinal components.ResultsAt recruitment, when patients were hyperthyroid and TRAb positive, Actinobacteria were significantly increased and Bacteroidetes significantly decreased in GD/GO compared with HCs. The Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F:B) ratio was significantly higher in GD/GO than in HCs. Differential abundance of 15 genera was observed in patients, being most skewed in mild GO. Bacteroides displayed positive and negative correlations with TSH and free thyroxine, respectively, and was also significantly associated with smoking in GO; smoking is a risk factor for GO but not GD. Longitudinal analyses revealed that the presence of certain bacteria (Clostridiales) at diagnosis correlated with the persistence of TRAb more than 200 days after commencing antithyroid drug treatment.ConclusionThe increased F:B ratio observed in GD/GO mirrors our finding in a murine model comparing TSHR-immunized with control mice. We defined a microbiome signature and identified changes associated with autoimmunity as distinct from those due to hyperthyroidism. Persistence of TRAb is predictive of relapse; identification of these patients at diagnosis, via their microbiome, could improve management with potential to eradicate Clostridiales.
Deletion of Androgen Receptor in LepRb Cells Improves Estrous Cycles in Prenatally Androgenized Mice
Authors: Cara Alexandra L , Burger Laura L , Beekly Bethany G , Allen Susan J , Henson Emily L , Auchus Richard J , Myers Martin G , Moenter Suzanne M , Elias Carol F 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Androgens are steroid hormones crucial for sexual differentiation of the brain and reproductive function. In excess, however, androgens may decrease fertility as observed in polycystic ovary syndrome, a common endocrine disorder characterized by oligo/anovulation and/or polycystic ovaries. Hyperandrogenism may also disrupt energy homeostasis, inducing higher central adiposity, insulin resistance, and glucose intolerance, which may exacerbate reproductive dysfunction. Androgens bind to androgen receptors (ARs), which are expressed in many reproductive and metabolic tissues, including brain sites that regulate the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis and energy homeostasis. The neuronal populations affected by androgen excess, however, have not been defined. We and others have shown that, in mice, AR is highly expressed in leptin receptor (LepRb) neurons, particularly in the arcuate (ARH) and the ventral premammillary nuclei (PMv). Here, we assessed if LepRb neurons, which are critical in the central regulation of energy homeostasis and exert permissive actions on puberty and fertility, have a role in the pathogenesis of female hyperandrogenism. Prenatally androgenized (PNA) mice lacking AR in LepRb cells (LepRbΔAR) show no changes in body mass, body composition, glucose homeostasis, or sexual maturation. They do show, however, a remarkable improvement of estrous cycles combined with normalization of ovary morphology compared to PNA controls. Our findings indicate that the prenatal androgenization effects on adult reproductive physiology (ie, anestrus and anovulation) are mediated by a subpopulation of LepRb neurons directly sensitive to androgens. They also suggest that the effects of hyperandrogenism on sexual maturation and reproductive function in adult females are controlled by distinct neural circuits.
Thermoconforming rays of the star-nosed mole
Authors: Tattersall Glenn J. , Campbell Kevin L. 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
The star-nosed mole (Condylura cristata) is renowned for its densely innervated 22 appendage star-like rostrum (‘star’) specialized for tactile sensation. As a northerly distributed insectivorous mammal exploiting aquatic and terrestrial habitats, these vascularized nasal rays are regularly exposed to cold water and thermally conductive soil, leading us to ask whether the star surface temperature, a proxy for blood flow, conforms to the local ambient temperature to conserve body heat. Alternatively, given the exquisite sensory nature of the star, we posited that the uninsulated rays may be kept warm when foraging to maintain high mechanosensory function. To test these hypotheses, we remotely monitored surface temperatures in wild-caught star-nosed moles. Although the tail acted as a thermal window exhibiting clear vasoconstriction/vasodilation, the star varied passively in surface temperature, with little evidence for thermoregulatory vasomotion. This thermoconforming response may have evolved to minimize conductive heat loss to the water or wet soils when foraging.
Multimorbidity in Sudanese women newly diagnosed with breast cancer: a retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Alorini Mohammed , Omar Saeed , Abubaker Mutasim , Adam Ishag 
Published: January 2023

Background: The association between multimorbidity and breast cancer is not yet fully understood. Few studies have published data on the association between multimorbidity and breast cancer in Africa, and none of them were conducted in Sudan. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence and associated factors for multimorbidity (obesity, hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, asthma and tuberculosis, and HIV) and their association with breast cancer stage in women newly diagnosed with breast cancer in eastern Sudan. Methods: A retrospective cross -sectional study was conducted at East Oncology Center in Gadarif, eastern Sudan, from January to October 2021. Medical files were reviewed and sociodemographic, clinical data (comorbidities of hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, asthma, tuberculosis, and HIV) were retrieved. Logistics regression analysis was performed. Results: Medical files of 384 women who had newly diagnosed breast cancer were reviewed and included in this analysis. The median (interquartile) of their age was 50.0 (39.0‒60.0) years. Sixty-five women (16.9%) had multimorbidity. Obesity (77, 20.1%), hypertension (66, 17.20%), and diabetes mellitus (50, 13.0%) were the most common forms of morbidity among these women. Multivariate analysis showed that age was positively associated with multimorbidity (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.02‒1.07). Women with a lower level of education (AOR = 3.23, 95 % CI = 1.73‒6.04) and residing in urban areas (AOR = 2.22, 95% CI = 1.14‒4.34) were at higher risk for multimorbidity. Multivariate analysis showed that women with multimorbidity were at higher risk for presenting with newly diagnosed advanced breast cancer (AOR = 3.36, 95% CI = 1.85‒6.08). Conclusion: In eastern Sudan, older women, women with less education, and women residing in urban areas are at higher risk for multimorbidity associated with advanced newly diagnosed breast cancer.
Drugs prescribed for Phelan-McDermid syndrome differentially impact sensory behaviors in shank3 zebrafish models.
Authors: Kozol Robert A. , Dallman Julia E. 
Published: January 2023

Background: Altered sensory processing is a pervasive symptom in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD); people with Phelan McDermid syndrome (PMS), in particular, show reduced responses to sensory stimuli. PMS is caused by deletions of the terminal end of chromosome 22 or point mutations in Shank3. People with PMS can present with an array of symptoms including ASD, epilepsy, gastrointestinal distress, and reduced responses to sensory stimuli. People with PMS are often medicated to manage behaviors like aggression and/or self-harm and/or epilepsy, and it remains unclear how these medications might impact perception/sensory processing. Here we test this using zebrafish mutant shank3ab PMS models that likewise show reduced sensory responses in a visual motor response (VMR) assay, in which increased locomotion is triggered by light to dark transitions. Methods: We screened three medications, risperidone, lithium chloride (LiCl), and carbamazepine (CBZ), prescribed to people with PMS and one drug, 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl) pyridine (MPEP) tested in rodent models of PMS, for their effects on a sensory-induced behavior in two zebrafish PMS models with frameshift mutations in either the N- or C- termini. To test how pharmacological treatments affect the VMR, we exposed larvae to selected drugs for 24 hours and then quantified their locomotion during four ten-minute cycles of lights on-to-off stimuli. Results: We found that risperidone normalized the VMR in shank3 models. LiCl and CBZ had no effect on the VMR in any of the three genotypes. MPEP reduced the VMR in wildtype (WT) to levels seen in shank3 models but caused no changes in either shank3 model. Finally, shank3 mutants showed resistance to the seizure-inducing drug pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), at a dosage that results in hyperactive swimming in WT zebrafish. Conclusions: Our work shows that the effects of drugs on sensory processing are varied in ways that can be highly genotype- and drug-dependent.
The road to success: drawing parallels between 'road' and 'research data' infrastructures to foster understanding between service providers, funders and policymakers
Authors: Hooft Rob W.W. , Martin Corinne S. 
Published: January 2023

Background: The work of data research infrastructure operators is poorly understood, yet the services they provide are used by millions of scientists across the planet. Policy and implications: As the data services and the underlying infrastructure are typically funded through the public purse, it is essential that policymakers, research funders, experts reviewing funding proposals, and possibly even end-users are equipped with a good understanding of the daily tasks of service providers. Recommendations: We suggest drawing parallels between research data infrastructure and road infrastructure. To trigger the imagination and foster understanding, this policy brief contains a table of corresponding aspects of the two classes of infrastructure. Conclusions: Just as economists and specialist evaluators are typically brought in to inform policies and funding decisions for road infrastructure, we encourage this to also be done for research infrastructures
Quando o crime está no uso da língua, de Jordana Lenhardt
Authors: Felipe Márcia Da Gama Silva 
Published: January 2023

O presente texto é a resenha da obra Quando o crime está no uso da língua de autoria da pesquisadora Jordana Lenhardt, publicado pela Editora Pontes, neste ano de 2022. O livro apresenta o resultado das análises de sentenças judiciais proferidas no sistema judiciário nacional, cuja lide envolve o uso da linguagem em redes sociais on-line. Nessa obra, a autora apresenta as interfaces que os estudos linguísticos estabelecem tanto com as Tecnologias da Informação e da Comunicação (TICs) quanto com o Direito. Em suas análises, Lenhardt usa como base teórica a Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional (Halliday, 1994; Halliday e Matthiessen, 2004), mais precisamente o Sistema de Transitividade da Metafunção Ideacional, com o intuito de refletir sobre crimes de linguagem e a possibilidade de criminalização do uso da língua nas redes sociais.
Arts-based methods to co-create knowledge and reconstruct power relations with marginalised women in and through research
Authors: Vindevogel Sofie 
Published: January 2023

Academic and professional knowledge have dominated the history of social work research and practice. As a result, new knowledge has been grafted predominantly onto an existing base of professional authority and expertise. Arts-based research is emerging as an alternative approach to knowledge production, broadening the understanding of how scientific evidence is created and who is in the position to create it (Boydell et al., 2012). It is intended to open space for deliberately engaging with voices from the margin, hence rendering it a meaningful approach to advance social inclusion and social justice in and through social work research. In this chapter, we draw on our experience with arts-based research projects to contemplate this potential and to contribute to a critical dialogue regarding the impact of arts-based research on power relations and structures in social work academia and practice. We start by briefly introducing our research collective, explaining our rationale for working with arts-based methods, and describing two projects in which visual arts were used. We continue this chapter by elaborating on the merits and challenges of this methodology in relation to co-creating knowledge and altering power relations, derived from our own experiences in relation to the strand of literature on arts-based research.
Arts-based research work with migrant children
Authors: Guetemme Genevieve 
Published: January 2023

‘Migrant children represent a significant share of the refugee population’ (IOM & UNICEF). Many are growing up in bleak conditions, surrounded by poverty and violence. Education is widely recognised as a mean to foster successful integration, but it is not always available or is sometimes too formal with a focus on the values, norms, and experiences of the native population. This can lead to migrant children and ethnic minority pupils gradually developing a sense of inferiority, irrelevance, and resentment (Szalai, 2011, p. 67) Fieldwork supports the importance of informal arts-based education by showing that ‘almost all youths enjoyed taking part in certain remedial and recreational educational activities. For most of them, participation in a wide range of off-site activities, such as language courses, football and basketball, music, painting, and break-dance classes, was a source of excitement’ (Daskalaki & Leivaditi, 2018). Such engagement in combined educational and recreational activities has therefore led many educators to turn to art as a facilitator for learning, socialising, understanding a difficult past, and exploring new directions for the future. During the last 20 years, many artists have been contributing to these arts-based educational experiments. They are convinced that art has a role to play in providing a wider and more complex vision of reality. Then too, researchers have recognised art as a legitimate and useful methodological approach (Greenwood, 2012) to explore the acquisition of knowledge and social inclusion (Jindal-Snape et al., 2018). Arts-based research (ABR) uses art as a methodological research tool in its data generation, analysis, interpretation, and representation.
Using creative art research approaches to assess arts-based interventions with children in post-disaster contexts
Authors: Drolet Julie , Lalani Nasreen , McDonald-Harker Caroline 
Published: January 2023

Creative art research approaches are gaining in popularity in recent years and are increasingly being used in social work, health, and other disciplines (Vanover et al., 2018). Arts-informed approaches can serve as expressive therapies, and have been successfully applied in psychotherapy, counselling, and rehabilitation for decades (Malchiodi, 2005). Creative art research approaches expand the domain of qualitative inquiry and enable social science researchers to incorporate and utilise arts-based methodologies to better understand human behaviour, perspectives, and experiences (Leavy, 2017). Arts-based scholarly research is located in the creation of art, based on extensive artistic training, while arts-informed research is used to express the experiences, perspectives, and emotions of research participants (Shannon-Baker, 2015). Arts-informed research mainly focuses on the advancement of knowledge rather than merely the production or creation of artwork or art craft for this purpose. It facilitates the possibility of establishing deeper and genuine human connections by capturing different perspectives and expressions due to its expressive qualities (Leavy, 2017). Art and creative methods in social work research are consistent with the philosophy, mission, and values of the profession (Peek et al., 2016). Shannon (2013) discusses several key components of social work research that includes active community participation, understanding of the local contexts, mutual dialogue and understanding, and facilitating social change leading to empowerment, equality, and social justice. The profession of social work strongly values and respects the inherent worth and dignity of all people (IFSW & IASSW, 2004), and arts-informed creative research approaches provide an ethical platform to inquire about the lived experiences of individuals and communities (Jarldon, 2016). Arts-informed approaches allow social workers to learn how service users develop their inner strength by recognising ‘the inherent worth and dignity’ of an individual person (Foster, 2012).
Art and artefact: displaying social work through objects
Authors: Doel Mark 
Published: January 2023

This chapter presents the origins, process, and findings of an online research project, Social Work in 40 Objects. The project is ongoing, and its aims are to explore the possibility of discovering meanings in social work through material objects and the stories that attach to them. The experiment is proving to be a quantitative success, with over 160 objects to date (2020) from 26 countries donated to a virtual exhibition of social work. Qualitative success is evident in the many facets of social work refracted through the objects and the wide variety of relationships to social work apparent in those who are participating. The research methodologies that support the experiment are explored, as well as the theoretical perspectives that have deepened the analysis of the findings: these include material culture theory and museum ethnography, especially the notion of ‘charged objects’. The ‘snowball’ method speeded and broadened the donation of objects and a ‘bricolage’ process helped in the playful clustering of groups of objects into themed ‘collections’. The chapter explores the learning from this experiment and presents a suggested typology of objects.
Opportunities and future prospects for gerontological social work with a critical lens
Authors: Seppänen Marjaana , Ray Mo 
Published: January 2023

This chapter reflects on themes and issues identified in previous chapters and draws attention to the lessons that could be drawn from critical gerontology. It also proposes the opportunities and future prospects for a critical gerontological social work that challenges dominant narratives about age and ageing, and the tendency towards proceduralised practice that characterises much social work with older people. The chapter urges social work practitioners, older people and researchers to contribute to debates which are at the moral heart of social work (for example, rights-based practice, working with complex needs, citizenship, discourses on autonomy, relational practice grounded in an ethic of care; care democracy; choice and self-management). The chapter concludes by proposing priorities for gerontological social work over the next decade.
‘We Will Not Be a Colony!’
Authors: Kalmar Ivan 
Published: January 2023

This chapter continues to examine parallels between post-colonial and post-communist economies. In both, the local economy is dependent on the former colonial powers of the West. I discuss here the competition between internationally-connected ‘elites’ and ‘national capitalists’ who rely heavily on politicians and other local connections. The ‘national capitalists’ have borrowed the analysis of post-communist societies as similar to post-colonial ones from the Left. But when Central Europeanilliberals cry, ‘We will not be a colony!’ (as they have increasingly done since the 2008 financial crisis), it is far from a proclamation of solidarity with the Global South and its colonial past. On the contrary, it is the expression of injured pride for being treated ‘like a colony’. It is meant to reinforce the perceived barrier between themselves as white nations on one hand, and the non-Europeans on the other.
Leveraging interactive voice response technology to mitigate COVID-19 risk in refugee settlements in Uganda: Lessons learned implementing “Dial-COVID” a toll-free mobile phone symptom surveillance and information dissemination tool
Authors: Klabbers Robin E. , Muwonge Timothy R. , Pham Phuong , Mujugira Andrew , Vinck Patrick , Borthakur Sukanya , Sharma Monisha , Mohammed Numan , Parkes-Ratanshi Rosalind , Celum Connie , O’Laughlin Kelli N. 
Published: January 2023

Background
Persons living in refugee settlements in sub-Saharan Africa may be at increased risk for COVID-19 and experience barriers to accessing COVID-19 information. We aimed to evaluate the implementation of “Dial-COVID” a multi-lingual, toll free, telephone platform that uses interactive voice response (IVR) to track COVID-19 symptoms/exposure and disseminate COVID-19 health information in refugee settlements in Uganda. We hypothesized that IVR could provide an alternative way to screen for COVID-19 and communicate public health information to humanitarian populations when physical access and testing capacity were limited.

Methods
The Dial-COVID IVR platform was created in ten languages and advertised by community health workers in refugee settlements for participants to call into toll free. In a recorded IVR symptom survey, participants were screened for COVID-19 symptoms/exposures and based on their responses, received tailored public health messages about COVID-19 risk mitigation in accordance with Uganda Ministry of Health guidelines. Here we report the challenges and lessons learned implementing this research during the pandemic.

Results
Between February 2021 and March 2022, 15,465 calls were received by the Dial-COVID platform from all 31 refugee settlements in Uganda through which 6,913 symptom surveys were completed and 10,411 public health messages were disseminated in all study languages. Uptake of Dial-COVID fluctuated with the national COVID-19 caseload and was impacted by phone ownership and connectivity in refugee settlements. Intensified advertising efforts promoted Dial-COVID uptake. Flexibility to adapt IVR messages was contingent on translation capacity.

Conclusion
Refugees living in refugee settlements across Uganda accessed Dial-COVID to share and obtain COVID-19 information suggesting that IVR holds potential for rapid information dissemination and screening of humanitarian populations during future infectious disease outbreaks and may be a valuable tool for routine public health programs. IVR adaptation flexibility and reach are influenced by language constraints and by contextual factors related to platform access.

Registration details
World Pandemic Research Network– 490652.