bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Hydrocooling dan Jenis Kemasan Terhadap Kualitas Mentimun (Curcumis sativus L) Selama Penyimpanan
Authors: Arista Yuvita Lira Vesti , Khairunissa Anita , Chastelyna Agnes Juniarti 
Published: March 2023

Mentimun (Curcumis sativus L) sangat mudah terjadinya kemunduran mutu pascapanen akibat adanya proses respirasi dan transpirasi yang mengakibat kehilangan air dan kelayuan. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mempertahankan mutu adalah dengan melakukan hydrocooling dan melakukan pengemas pada mentimun. Oleh sebab itu penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh hydrocooling dan pengaruh jenis kemasan terhadap mutu mentimun khususnya kadar air, kandungan total padatan terlarut, susut bobot dan tekstur selama penyimpanan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode RAL Faktorial dimana terdiri atas 2 faktor perlakuan. Faktor pertama merupakan variasi suhu hydrocooling (H) dimana H0= hydrocooling suhu 30C; H2= hydrocooling suhu 60C dan H3= hydrocooling suhu 90C. Faktor kedua merupakan jenis kemasan (K) yang terdiri atas K1= kemasan PP; K2= Kemasan LDPE, K3= Kemasan PET. Mentimun yang telah dikemas kemudian disimpan pada 10 0C untuk diamati perubahan mutunya selama penyimpanan. Kombinasi perlakuan yang baik dalam mempertahankan kadar air dan menekan susut bobot mentimun selama penyimpanan adalah perlakuan hydrocooling 30C kemasan LDPE (H1K2), hydrocooling 60C kemasan PP (H2K1), hydrocooling 90C kemasan LDPE dan PET (H3K2, H3K3) sedangkan perlakuan hydrocooling 60C kemasan PP (H3K1) mampu menekan susut bobot dan hydrocooling 60C LDPE dan (H2K2) mampu mempertahankan kandungan air produk selama penyimpanan.Kata Kunci : Susut bobot, Kadar Air, TPT, Tekstur
Antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of methanol extract of Echinophora spinosa L. from Jijel, Algeria
Authors: Ghadbane Mouloud 
Published: March 2023

In this study, the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Echinophora spinosa were investigated. Antimicrobial activity of methanol extracts obtained from Echinophora spinosa was examined using the disc diffusion method. Antioxidant activity of the methanol extracts was examined using the stable 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging test. Methanol extract of ripe fruits of E. spinosa showed highest total phenolic content (69.17 ± 1.2 µg GAE/mg extract) and the major flavonoid contents (12.122 ± 0.44 µg QE/mg extract) was found in leaves of the plant. In disk diffusion antimicrobial assay, E. spinosa manifested broad spectrum of activity. The largest capacity to neutralize DPPH radicals was found for ripe fruits methanol extract of E. spinosa plant. The results shows that the various parts of E. spinosa extracts promising antioxidant and antimicrobial activities have potential bioactivities due to high content of phenolic and flavonoid compounds.
Diversity and distribution patterns of reptiles in the northern Algerian Sahara (Oued Souf, Taibet and Touggourt)
Authors: MOUANE Aicha 
Published: March 2023

The present study was based on the observations and captures of reptiles in the Northern Algerian Sahara (2011-2013). Thirty homogeneous stations, representing the principal landscape units and ecosystems, were investigated. The studied ecosystems were the erg (sand dunes), saline areas (Chott, Sebkha), reg, palm groves, and urban sites. We have identified 30 species (20 Saurians, 9 Ophidians and one Testudines). The inventory concerns 2 orders (Testudines and Squamata), 12 families and 22 genera. Among the identified species, seven were protected in Algeria, 5 species (Tarentola deserti, Tarentola neglecta, Trapelus tournevillei, Hemorrhois algirus and Natrix Maura) are endemic according to U.I.C.N. The number of species in the different IUCN Red List Categories shows that 28 are assessed as Least Concern, one specie is considered to be Data Deficient (Scincopus fasciatus) and One species is listed as near threatened (Uromastix acanthinurus). The species distribution according to the habitat types showed that he erg was the most populated ecosystem with the highest number of captured individuals (403 individuals). The highest species richness was noticed in the palm groves with 19 species as well as the Shannon diversity index (3.34). The evenness is at its highest in the saline and the urban site with 0.89 and 0.81. The correspondence factorial analysis showed that some species were characteristic of habitats such as Tarentola neglecta and T. deserti which are detected as a specific species of the urban sites and the palm groves, while Scincus was a specific species of the Erg. The generalized linear model showed that the geographic coordinates (altitude, longitude and latitude), the spatio-temporal factors (habitat type; climatic period) and human pressure have significant effects on the abundance variation of the studied reptiles.
Relationship between biochemical properties of some date varieties and nutritional requirements of Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zeller (1839)
Authors: Krid Keltoum , Djellabi Nesrine 
Published: March 2023

Ectomyelois ceratoniae Z is one of the most dangerous insects in the world and Algerian phoeniciculture. The survival of this insect is based on the search for the appropriate dates varieties to its nutritional needs. In this paper, an experimental study was performed to determine these nutritional needs and the mechanisms to obtain them from dates. In this study, three susceptible varieties to the moth attack were chosen, the healthy and infested dates were separated to calculate on the one hand the attack rate and to carry out the qualitative analyzes. The results showed that the moth selects the appropriate dates to lay its eggs and feed the larvae based on the consistency of the dates and their high sucrose content. The content of the sucrose is reduced in attacked dates, resulting from their consumption after the enzymatic degradation by Invertase for the synthesis of simpler sugars (fructose and glucose) to be easily used by the larvae. The more the medium is very acidic (infested dates), the more the degradation of sucrose is important. The total sugar is also necessary to produce sufficient energy for the biological activities of the moth (growth).The use of these organic elements by the larvae leads to a reduction in the weight of the date and increases its fragility.
Some geotechnical soil properties of western bank of Khor Al-Zubair channel coast at Khor Al-Zubair Port location, southern Basrah, Iraq
Authors: Muttashar W.R. 
Published: March 2023

Five Offshore Boreholes have been drilled by the National Construction Center at Basrah with cooperation the Marine Science Center/Basrah University, together with three Onshore Boreholes at the western bank of Khor Al-Zubair channel during July 2009. The drilling machine of Auger type has been used for drilling. Representative soil samples were taken at appropriate intervals ranged between 0.5 and 2.0 meters depth or where the stratum has been changed. Onshore boring depths ranged from 19.0 – 20.5 m, from natural ground surface, while, the offshore borings were from 7-16 m from the bed level. The depths of drilling reached the bedrock which is hard enough to require N-value of more than 50 blows. Standard Penetration Test (SPT) has been carried out for each 2m depths. Grain size analysis, moisture content, Atterberg limits of these soils were also determined. The results show that there are two main strata making up the coast bank of the navigational channel of Khor Al-Zubair. First is Marly silty Clay or fat clay soil which has of a thickness18 m, and gradually changes from very soft- m.stiff to stiff-v.stiff which belongs to the Hammar deposits. The second is Silty Sand layer which has two types of sandy soil, these are: (1) borrowed Back filled layer as surficial compaction soil with of a thickness 2.0 m, and (2) are interacted lenses stratum between the gray stiff silty clay and the hard brown silty clay in the near and onshore Boreholes which belongs to the Dibdiba formation.
Modified method for the determination of cobalt (II) and copper (II) ions by adopting schiff base complexes in water of Shatt Al-Arab river
Authors: Mohammed M.H. 
Published: March 2023

A new method of complex formation between cobalt or copper ions and Schiff Base (derived from Schiff Base of salicyldehyde and amino acids) was adopted for the determination of cobalt and copper ions in water samples of Shatt Al-Arab River. For water sampling three stations along Shatt Al-Arab River were selected as follows: 1) discharging point in Shatt Al-Arab from Basrah paper and mill industries, 2) Karmatt Ali Bridge, and 3) Siba downstream to the southern region of Shatt Al-Arab river. After the formation of a complex with Schiff Base, Cobalt and Copper in the water of Shatt Al-Arab were determined spectrophotometricaly at wave length of 270 nm and 295 nm respectively. It is found that cobalt concentrations were (0.152, 0.174, 0.165) mg.l-1 and copper concentrations were (0.014, 0.021, 0.023) mg.l-1 in stations 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The method is reliable with sensitivity, accuracy, standard deviation and detection limit of (0.0235 gm.cm.l-1, 3.05×10-6, 0.00184, 0.52×10-7) for cobalt complex and (0.0135 gm.cm.l-1, 3.31×10-6, 0.00215, 0.6×10-8) for copper complex, respectively.
THE URGENCY OF MAQASHID SHARIA IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SHARIA BANKING PRODUCTS
Authors: Hadi Hendra , Sodiki Muhammad , Toyyibah Imro Atut , Komarudin Parman 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe movement and growth of Islamic banking in Indonesia is increasing every year and is in demand by Muslim and non-Muslim customers. This has encouraged Islamic banking to develop its products so that they can compete with conventional banks. However, of course, this must be balanced with knowledge of Islamic maqashid and ushul fiqh in the development of banking products which are sometimes ignored by Islamic financial institutions. As a result, there is rigidity, narrow space for movement and even negligence and errors in inspection and auditing. In this paper using library research methods (library research) with a qualitative approach. The urgency of maqashid in Islamic banking products regulates all fatwas, regulations, financial and banking products as well as fiscal and monetary policies so as not to lose their shari'ah substance. Maqashid syari'ah is a determining factor in creating sharia economic products that can play a dual role (social control tools and socio-economic engineering) to realize the benefit of Muslims. Keywords: Sharia Banking; Maqashid Syariah; Banking Products.
Constraints in Rice Fallow Pulses Production in Srikakulam District of Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Rao P. Venkata , Neelaveni S. , Chittibabu G. , Jagannadham J. 
Published: March 2023

Rice fallow cultivation constitutes the major portion of pulse production particularly black gram and green gram in Srikakulam district of A.P. Farmers are reaping lower yields of 3.75-5.00 q/ha against 15.0-20.0 q/ha of its potential. Keep this in view an extension study was conducted on the study of constraints and reasons for low productivity in Pulses in Srikakulam District. Ex-post-facto research design was used for the study with a total sample size of 60. Results revealed that the low soil fertility was the major constraint in pulses production (100%), the incidence of yellow vein mosaic virus (93.33), labour scarcity and incidence of low temperatures and fog during the flowering period i.e., the first fort night of January (88.33%), weed infestation particularly vicia, cuscuta. xanthium and Echinochloa (86.67%). Lack of YVMV resistant varieties and suitable varieties (83.33%) and lack of a regulated market (96.67%) were the major technical or situational constraints. Non-adoption of irrigation management (93.33%), non-adoption of seed treatment (91.67%), non -adoption of proper sowing (way of broadcast) method and seed rate (90.00), non-adoption of weed management practices (88.33%), non- adoption of foliar nutrient management in rice fallow pulses (86.67%) were the adoption gaps perceived as constraints. There is a need to conduct more Front Line Demonstrations (FLDs) in the farmer fields, more training programmes to the farmers and timely supply of inputs or make available to the farmers prior to the season.
The Effect of Red Flags and Internal Bank Auditor Professional Skepticism on Fraud Detection in Denpasar
Authors: Pramuki Ni Made Wisni Arie , Agustine Kadek Dwiyani 
Published: March 2023

Aims: This study was conducted to examine the effect of red flags and auditor's professional skepticism on the ability of internal auditors to detect fraud.
Study Design: Quantitative method with survey method.
Place and Duration of Study: Internal Auditors who work at Rural Credit Banks throughout the City of Denpasar, between October 2022 to December 2022.
Methodology: This study uses a survey method by adopting the previous research variable measurement scale, namely red flags, professional skepticism and fraud detection. The red flags construct is measured by 4 items, professional skepticism is measured by 3 items and the fraud detection construct is measured by 3 items. A five-point Likert scale was used to measure all study constructs, where "5=strongly agree" and "1=strongly disagree". Data collection was carried out through a questionnaire survey using the saturated sampling method, with 42 respondents to the BPR Bank internal auditor research throughout Denpasar City where all respondents were able to participate well. 65% of respondents are male, and 35% are female. More than 55% of respondents have an undergraduate degree or more.
Results: The ability of internal auditors in BPR offices throughout Denpasar City can be improved by optimizing the detection signal (red flag) and expecting the auditor to always be critical through professional skepticism towards the audit evidence presented.
Conclusion: This study has limitations that the sample in this study is still relatively small and only limited to internal auditors who work at Rural Banks throughout the city of Denpasar, so this research suggests for further research by adding and expanding the area, number of samples and using the variable characteristics of internal auditors. Others such as personality, work experience, motivation and knowledge of the auditor as any factors that can influence fraud detection.
Toxic Effects of Methanolic Extracts of Plants Leaves on the Mortality and Enzymatic Parameters of Callosobruchus maculatus Fab. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) Juveniles
Authors: Oboho Diligent Efiong , Essien Rosemary Anietie , Mbong Emem Okon , Akpan Henry D. , Nelson Akwaowo Uduehe , Ononye Benjamin Uzonna , John Udo Inyang , Eyo Joseph Effiong 
Published: March 2023

This study was conducted in the laboratory to evaluate the effect of leaves extract of three botanicals on the biochemical parameters of insect pest of stored beans, Callosobruchus maculatus. The results of the qualitative phytochemicals revealed the presence of different metabolites such as tannins, saponins, cardiac glycosides, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, alkaloids etc. The toxic effect of methanolic leaves extracts of Lasianthera africana, Hippocratea africana and Uvaria chamae on the mortality and biochemical parameters after treatment against C. maculatus was evaluated. The result showed that treatment of the insects with these extracts significantly increased mortality in C. maculatus. There was a significant inhibition of the enzymatic activities of the digestive enzymes (such as amylase and invertase) in the treated larvae. The transaminase enzymes (AST and ALT) were found to be reduced in the insect after treatment (33.2 and 42.6) while the result of the phosphatase (ACP and ALP) enzyme activity showed a potent inhibitory effect of the leaves extract, which was more pronounced in ALP (75.8%) than ACP (31.8%).
Comparison of Hydroponic and Conventional Grafting Techniques in Black Pepper (Piper nigrum L.)
Authors: Ajith P. M. , Rini C. R. 
Published: March 2023

The most devastating disease affecting black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is Phytophthora foot rot against which none of the varieties is resistant. This difficulty has been overcome by the horticultural technique of grafting P. nigrum on the resistant root stock viz. P. colubrinum- a marshy wild relative of black pepper .The conventional technique of grafting P. nigrum on P. colubrinum takes nine months to one year for developing a graft ready to be planted in the field and is labour and irrigation intensive. Hydroponic soil-less methods based on the marshy adaptation of P.colubrinum and which require lesser labour and water have been explored to address the issues with the conventional method. An experiment in complete randomised design with five grafting methods and six replications was conducted at Pepper Research Station, Panniyoor,Kannur, Kerala, India during 2019-20 to compare the conventional grafting technique with hydroponic techniques. Instant grafting of the scion portion on the non - rooted root stock portion and rooting of the root stock hydroponically once the grafting procedure is completed has been found to produce field ready grafts in 95 days with the lowest graft loss of 6.8 per cent and water use efficiency of 117.7 per cent.
Nutrient Status of Soil and Farm Yard Manure (FYM) under Different Agro-Climatic Regions of Maharashtra
Authors: Kale R. V. , Takawale P. S. , Jade S. S. , Bahulikar R. A. 
Published: March 2023

Aim: To gain maximum crop production from a unit area, soil health is one of the major components. It is determined based on the nutritional availability and other parameters like pH, EC, organic carbon, etc. The reports on soil nutrients help farmers in fertilizer application to optimize the yields. The values of these parameters vary from region, soil type, agro-climatic zones, crop, etc. To maintain soil fertility application of organic source of fertilizer such as, FYM plays an important role. It is not only a good source of nutrients but also increases water-holding capacity, soil organic matter, soil physical properties, etc. The study was conducted with an objective to assess nutrient status of soil and FYM from various agro-climatic regions of Maharashtra.
Methodology: Maharashtra state is divided into nine different agro-climatic regions. The study was conducted to understand the region-wise variability in the nutritional composition of both soil and FYM in Maharashtra during the year 2020-21. Samples of soils and dried FYM were collected from farmer’s fields from five agro-climatic regions of Maharashtra i.e., Western Maharashtra, Northern Maharashtra, Marathwada, Vidharbha, and Konkan. The samples were analyzed for various parameters at BAL-Chemical laboratory, BAIF Central Research Station, Urulikanchan.
Results: The analysis reports of soil samples revealed that soils of the Western Maharashtra region showed maximum values for N, Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn whereas, soil samples from the Vidharbha region were having high values for P and K content as compared to other regions. The soil samples from the Konkan region showed low nutrients availability than other regions. The soil pH of different agro-climatic regions ranged from 6.3 to 9.0. Similarly, FYM samples of the Western Maharashtra region showed maximum values for N, P, K, Fe, Mn, and Zn content whereas, samples of the Marathwada region were comparatively low in all nutrients and organic carbon content. PCA biplot of macro and micro elements of soil and FYM nutrients revealed geographical/spatial structuring based on nutrient content.
Patterns of Refractive Errors among Medical Students at the University of Zambia School of Medicine
Authors: Serenje Mulubwa , Muma Kangwa I. M. , Mutoloki Elijah M. 
Published: March 2023

Background: Uncorrected refractive error is one of the leading causes of visual impairment and blindness world-over. The distribution and pattern of presentation is variable depending on various factors. Regardless of the type, refractive errors are easily correctable with spectacles if diagnosed early.
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the pattern of refractive errors among medical students at University of Zambia - School of Medicine.
Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the University Teaching Hospitals-Eye Hospital involving Master of Medicine, Master of Surgery (MBChB) students from third to seventh year of study at University of Zambia - School of Medicine, Ridgeway campus between October 2021 and March 2022. A total of 210 participants were recruited in the study. Subjects had non-cycloplegic autorefraction combined with a researcher administered questionnaire. Spherical equivalents (SE) ≥ - 0.50D were determined as myopia; SE of ≥ + 0.50D hyperopia and ≥ -0.50D cylinder as astigmatism. Statistical analysis was carried out using Stata version 13.0.
Results: One hundred and forty-one (67.1%) subjects had a form of refractive error; 56.0%, 31.2% and 12.8% of them were astigmats, myopes or hyperopes, respectively. The prevalence of ametropia was 65.0 % in females and 69.0 % in males. Minus spherical errors ranged from -0.25 to -5.00D and plus spherical errors ranged from +0.25 to +3.00D. The mean spherical equivalent for the group was -0.45D. Parental history of refractive error was significantly associated with diagnosis of refractive error (p=0.001) while age and gender were not (p = 0.428 and 0.530, respectively). The majority (68.6%) of participants were not aware of their refractive error.
Conclusion: The prevalence of refractive errors among medical students was high, with astigmatism being the most common type. The majority of those found with refractive error were not aware of the diagnosis.
Stabilizing Redox‐Active Hexaazatriphenylene in a 2D Conductive Metal–Organic Framework for Improved Lithium Storage Performance
Authors: Yin Jiacheng , Li Na , Liu Ming , Li Zhigang , Wang Xuemin , Cheng Mingren , Zhong Ming , Li Wei , Xu Yunhua , Bu Xian‐He 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOrganic redox‐active materials are promising electrode candidates for lithium‐ion batteries by virtue of their designable structure and cost‐effectiveness. However, their poor electrical conductivity and high solubility in organic electrolytes limit the device's performance and practical applications. Herein, the π‐conjugated nitrogen‐containing heteroaromatic molecule hexaazatriphenylene (HATN) is strategically embedded with redox‐active centers in the skeleton of a Cu‐based 2D conductive metal–organic framework (2D c‐MOF) to optimize the lithium (Li) storage performance of organic electrodes, which delivers improved specific capacity (763 mAh g−1 at 300 mA g−1), long‐term cycling stability (≈90% capacity retention after 600 cycles at 300 mA g−1), and excellent rate performance. The correlation of experimental and computational results confirms that this high Li storage performance derives from the maximum number of active sites (CN sites in the HATN unit and CO sites in the CuO4 unit), favorable electrical conductivity, and efficient mass transfer channels. This strategy of integrating multiple redox‐active moieties into the 2D c‐MOF opens up a new avenue for the design of high‐performance electrode materials.