bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of impulses on precipitation behavior in 7075-T6 aluminum alloy joint by Impulse Friction Stir Welding
Authors: Wang Keqi , Naumov Anton , Gushchina Marina , Isupov Fedor , Alkhalaf Ahmad Alali , Panchenko Oleg 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Joining procedure for aluminum alloy 7075–T6 (AlZnMgCu1.5) sheets was realized by Impulse Friction Stir Welding (IFSW) with different impulse frequencies. The additional mechanical impulses during IFSW enhance the forging action of the tool, resulting in the weld microstructure modification. The microstructural evolution in different zones of the weld was studied, focusing on the strengthening precipitation behavior of the welded joint as well as the overall mechanical properties. The results illustrate that the application of impulses during IFSW accelerates the reprecipitation and dynamic recrystallization processes, which lead to the formation of strengthening precipitates and the homogeneous grain microstructure, respectively, in the SZ. HAZ of the welds obtained by the FSW and IFSW represent dislocation free grains interior. The precipitation content in the HAZ of the welds obtained by conventional FSW and IFSW is completely different. The HAZ of the weld obtained by conventional FSW represent high concentration of stable η phase. Conversely, high concentrations of heat sensitive phase - η' precipitates - were found in the HAZ microstructure of the joints obtained by IFSW.
Percutaneous Microwave Ablation versus Breast Conserving Surgery for 2-5cm Breast Cancer: A Two-Center, Retrospective Study
Authors: Dai Yu-qing , Zhou Wenbin , Liang Ping , Luo Yan-chun , Pan Hong , Cai Qian , Dou Jian-ping , Han Zhi-Yu , Cheng Zhi-gang , Liu Fang-yi , Yu Xiao-Ling , Zhang Jing , Yu Jie 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objectives: To compare the prognosis, complication and cosmetic results of ultrasound-guided percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA) with those of breast-conserving surgery (BCS) for 2-5cm BC patients.
Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in two academic centers, which enrolled 224 invasive BC patients treated with MWA (n=39) or BCS (n=185) from November 2015 to February 2022. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed at 1:2 and the baseline characteristics were well balanced between MWA (n=32) and BCS (n=56) group thereafter. Prognosis was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier curves. Association between treatment modality and disease-free survival (DFS) was assessed using seven different Cox proportional hazards models.
Results: After PSM, during a median follow-up of 33 months (interquartile range: 21.25, 51.00 months), between MWA and BCS group, there was no statistic difference in 3-year DFS (95.03% vs 98.26%, P=0.171) and 3-year local tumor progression (LTP, 3.39% vs 1.20%, P =0.438). Statistically comparable DFS and LTP were also achieved for the 2-3 cm and 3-5 cm BC subgroups. Consistent results were validated by seven survival models in DFS (all, P>0.05). Compared to BCS, patients in MWA group reported better cosmetic results (P =0.004), spent shorter operative time (56.96 min vs 86.30 min, P=0.002), while with higher costs (24,063.85 RMB vs 15,399.32 RMB, P<0.001).
Conclusion: With survival models validation, this pilot study suggests that MWA may be a potential alternative local therapy for selected 2-5cm BC patients, especially those not indicated for surgery. Complete ablation is the key to achieving no statistical difference between MWA and BCS.
Superhydrophobic and fluorine-free microfibrillated cellulose-clay composite films for gas barrier applications
Authors: Poothanari Mohammed Arif , Leterrier Yves 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Diffusion barrier composite films based on MFC and clay were developed with attention paid to the influence of thermal annealing and a fluorine-free silylation on their microstructure, water contact angle (WCA), mechanical properties, oxygen transmission rate (OTR) and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR). The MFC film without clay was hydrophilic with an OTR at 23°C that was highly dependent on relative humidity, increasing from 1.2 cm3/m2/day and 50%RH to 25.3 cm3/m2/day/bar at 80%RH. Annealing at 150ºC increased the crystallinity, the roughness and hydrophobicity of the film, with a WCA value of 86.4°, while decreasing its OTR at 80%RH by 20%. The addition of 10 wt% of clay did not impact the MFC structure and led to a 30% decrease of OTR at 80%RH due to a partial exfoliation, and to a 50% decrease when combined with annealing. Silylation increased the hydrophobicity of the film with a WCA of 127.5°, and its combination with clay and annealing led to a WCA of 146.5°, close to the superhydrophobic threshold of 150°. Silylation was the only treatment, which had a significant impact on the stiffness of the film, with a 10–20% decrease at low temperature for the different cases investigated (from ca. 6.3 GPa for untreated films to ca. 5.3 GPa for treated films), and a stable behavior up to 150ºC for the heat-treated film. The combination of clay, annealing and silylation considerably reduced the OTR at 80%RH to a value of 8 cm3/m2/day/bar, and the WVTR at 23°C and 50%RH from 49 g/m2/day for MFC to 22 g/m2/day. The reduction of OTR and WVTR was found to correlate with the increase in hydrophobicity of the film, which was attributed to the reduced access of water molecules within the MFC network.
Identification of Paddy Blast Disease Field Images Using Multi-layer CNN Models
Authors: Yakkundimath Rajesh , Saunshi Girish 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Farmers and agricultural experts can take action on many areas of paddy crop handling and management practices with the use of actionable information from the in-field diagnosis of paddy blast disease. To successfully diagnose the blast disease affecting fifteen different paddy crop varieties, three transfer learning multi-layer convolutional neural network (CNN) models, such as, CapsNet, EfficientNet-B7, and ResNet-50 are presented in this paper. The field images of blast disease are captured and classified based on disease severity levels, such as low, medium, high, and severe. The study employing the CapsNet model with dataset consisting a total of 20,000 labeled images demonstrate the significant results with the testing efficiency of 90.79% and validation efficiency of 93.29%. The ResNet-50 and EfficientNet-B7 models have yielded the average testing efficiencies of 85.10% and 88.72%, respectively. On the held out blast disease affected paddy field image dataset, the CapsNet model outperformed the EfficientNet-B7 and ResNet-50 CNN models related to both classification efficiency and computational efficiency.
Analysis of Development Status and Function Features of Diabetes Health Medical Management Apps
Authors: Duan Beibei , Liu Mengdi , Ma Cunhao , Liu Weiwei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Using Diabetes-related Apps can effectively reduce the patients’ level of glucose and rehospitalization rate. However, due to the serious homogeneity of diabetes apps content and uneven function quality, medical staffs and patients do not know how to choose. This study aimed to understand the development status of diabetes health management Apps, analyze their functions and characteristics, and provide recommendations for further improvement or development of diabetes-related Apps.
Methods
In May 2022, diabetes-related apps were screened in ten major App markets, including Android and iOS system by using the keywords either Chinese or English.Then, we searched the literature to supplement the APP.The apps that met the criteria were downloaded and their functions and characteristics were analyzed. Silberg scale was used to assess their information accountability.
Results
105 diabetes-related apps were included, including 69 Chinese apps and 36 English apps. Almost all (97.8%) of which were developed by companies and commercial teams. Most of the apps (96.2%) were targeted at people with diabetes, and only 3.8% were for type 1 and gestational diabetes. The total mean score of Silberg scale was 3.60 ± 0.81. Among 28 functions, individual customized function and social support function are rare.
Conclusion
Nowadays, the overall accountability quality of diabetes-related apps is low. The functions are insufficient, and the individual customized functions need to be further explored. In the future, it should be strengthen the diversity and individualization of diabetes-related apps, and encourage medical staffs and patients to participate in the designment and development of Apps.
Nodular thyroid disease and low FT4 levels in Klinefelter syndrome: an extension of the classical phenotype
Authors: Fraia Rosa di , Esposito Daniela , Selvaggio Lucia Digitale , Allosso Francesca , Alfano Roberto , Rotondi Mario , Balercia Giancarlo , Accardo Giacomo , Pasquali Daniela 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Thyroid dysfunction in patients with Klinefelter syndrome (KS) remains an unresolved issue. Although low free thyroxine (FT4) levels within the normal range and normal thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels have been reported, there is currently no data on nodular thyroid disease in this population. This study aims to evaluate the results of thyroid ultrasound (US) examinations in KS patients compared with healthy controls.
Methods: A cohort of 122 KS and 85 age-matched healthy male controls underwent thyroid US screening and thyroid hormone analysis. According to US risk-stratification systems, nodules ≥1 cm were examined by fine needle aspiration (FNA).
Results: Thyroid US detected nodular thyroid disease in 31% of KS compared to 1.3% of controls. No statistical differences in the maximum diameter of the largest nodules and in moderate and highly suspicious nodules were found between patients and the control group. Six nodules underwent FNA and were confirmed as cytologically benign. In line with published data, FT4 levels were found significantly near the lower limit of the normal range compared to controls, with no differences in TSH values between the two groups. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis was diagnosed in 9% of patients.
Conclusions: We observed a significantly higher prevalence of nodular thyroid disease in KS compared to the control group, but no increased risk of thyroid cancer. The increase in nodular thyroid disease is likely linked to low levels of FT4, inappropriate TSH secretion, and/or genetic instability. We suggest including a complete thyroid evaluation in the workup of KS.
Analysis of factors influencing the increase of extracellular water ratio in tumor patients without edema signs
Authors: heling ZHU , panpan GAN , jie ZHANG , hao JIANG , liangliang BAO , wangsong XU , Jiawen YU 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective To analyze the factors influencing the increase of extracellular water/total body water (ECW/TBW) in tumor patients lacking edema signs, and to provide reference for the diagnosis and timely management of early water retention in tumor patients.
Methods 274 tumor patients admitted to Anqing First People's Hospital affiliated to Anhui Medical University during 2020.12-2022.12 were selected, excluding clinically observable edema. General clinical data, main laboratory test results and body composition indexes were collected,and the valuable variables were screened for linear regression analysis with ECW/TBW based on professional knowledge and univariate analysis results.
Results Age, gender, hemoglobin, serum sodium,serum potassium and phase angle (PA) were independent influencing factors for elevated ECW/TBW. ECW/TBW increased with increasing age (partial regression coefficient B=0.009, P=0.001), ECW/TBW was higher in males than in females (B=-0.349, P<0.001), and hemoglobin (Hgb) negatively affected ECW/TBW (B=-0.003, P=0.039). Blood sodium positively affected ECW/TBW (B=0.019, P=0.011), while blood potassium had a negative effect (B=-0.180, P=0.001). PA was the factor with the greatest influence on ECW/TBW of all independent variables (B=-1.006, P<0.001). However, Performance Status (PS) score, Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment(PG-SGA) score, tumor stage, prealbumin, albumin, and body fat percentage were not independent influences for elevated ECW/TBW.
Conclusion The early influencing factors of water retention in tumor patients are mainly due to the abnormal function of cell membrane, but also affected by age, gender, anemia and electrolyte, and timely body composition testing can help in the next intervention decision making.
Predict the Risk of Variceal Rehemorrhage in Cirrhotic Patients with Portal Vein Thrombosis: A Two-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhang Shuo , Zhong Hui , Zhong Xuan , Zhong Lan , Li Jing , Xia Lu , Yang Changqing 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background and aims
Although portal vein thrombosis (PVT) was confirmed worsening portal hypertension and leading to poor prognosis, the risk stratification of such patients still be unclear. This study was to identify the clinical predictors of variceal rehemorrhage (VRH) and accordingly develop a competitive risk model in cirrhotic patients with PVT.
Methods
Cirrhotic patients with PVT admitted for variceal hemorrhage were retrospectively included from two tertiary centres and respectively served as the training and validation cohort for 1-year follow-up. A competitive risk model was developed based on the result of multivariate Cox regression analysis, of which the predictive performance and the optimal decision threshold were evaluated by C-index, competitive risk curves, calibration curves and decision curve analysis.
Results
A total of 199 patients completed 1-year follow-up, of which 64 (31.8%) patients occurred VRH. Multivariate Cox regression identified that CTP score (P=0.020), time course of PVT (P=0.036), CRP (P<0.001) and AST (P=0.047) were independently associated with VRH, which were incorporated into the competitive risk model, with high C-index (0.804 and 0.742 of the training and validation cohort, respectively). Competitive risk curves and calibration curves demonstrated its high risk stratification ability and consistency. The optimal decision range of the threshold probability was 0.2-1.0.
Conclusions
This study found that CTP score, time course of PVT, CRP and AST were independent predictors of VRH, based on which the competitive risk model could be conveniently used for clinical decision making in cirrhotic patients with PVT.
Method of taking into account influence of thermal shock on dynamics of small satellite and its use in analysis of microaccelerations
Authors: Sedelnikov Andry , Serdakova Valeria , Nikolaeva Alexandra 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The article resents a method that allows taking into account the effect of thermal shock on the satellite dynamics. This method make possible to correct the motion model of a small satellite by adding effect of thermal shock to the model. Numerical modeling was carried out to analyze microaccelerations from thermal shock in the a one-dimensional model of thermal conductivity. The results of the research can be used to create small satellite for technological purposes.
Real-time prediction of the week-ahead flood index using hybrid deep learning algorithms with synoptic climate mode indices
Authors: Ahmed A. A. Masrur , Farheen Shahida , Nguyen-Huy Thong , Raj Nawin , Jui S Janifer Jabin , Farzana S. Z. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper aims to propose a hybrid deep learning (DL) model that combines a convolutional neural network (CNN) with a bi-directional long-short term memory (BiLSTM) for week-ahead prediction of daily flood index (IF) for Bangladesh. The neighbourhood component analysis (NCA) is assigned for significant feature selection with synoptic-scale climatic indicators. The results successfully reveal that the hybrid CNN-BiLSTM model outperforms the respective benchmark models based on forecasting capability, as supported by a minimal mean absolute error and high-efficiency metrics. With respect to IF prediction, the hybrid CNN-BiLSTM model shows over 98% of the prediction errors were less than 0.015, resulting in a low relative error and superiority performance against the benchmark models in this study. The adaptability and potential utility of the suggested model may be helpful in subsequent flood monitoring and may also be beneficial to policymakers at the federal and state levels.
Intermediate socioeconomic status is associated with a healthier dietary pattern compared to other socioeconomic groups: a study based on the MASHAD cohort study
Authors: Ghazizadeh Hamideh , Yaghooti-Khorasani Mahdiyeh , Asadi Zahra , Zendehdel Anahita , Nasrabadi Mohammad , Mohammadi-Bajgiran Maryam , Moazedi Sara , Ahmadi Shadi Kadkhoda , Rastegarmoghadam-Ebrahimian Arezoo , Kafshdar Mahdi Hosseini , Yadegari Mehran , Abidi Hossein , arefi Mahta Hoseini , Darban Reza Assaran , Jamali Jamshid , Ferns Gordon A. , Moghadas Elham , Esmaily Habibollah , Ghayour-Mobarhan Majid 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Socioeconomic status (SES) can be defined by a combination of demographic factorsincludingeducationalstatus, income, and place of residence, household size and occupation. Different factors may be affected by income and occupation including access to a high-quality diet. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between SES and dietary patterns (DPs) in a sample of adults from northeastern Iranian.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, participants aged 35 to 65 years oldwere recruited andLatent Class Analysis (LCA) was used to cluster them based on SES.LCA is a multivariate statistical method used to identify homogeneous subgroups in a population with a chosen set of discrete indicators. All necessary information including the patient’s socio-demographic characteristics and lifestyle factors (PAL and tobacco use) were collected according to a comprehensive questionnaire.The dietary patterns of all participants were assessed based on the validated and reliable FFQ encompassing 65 food items. Frequency (per month, per week, per day, rarely and never) and portion size of each food item were completed via face-to-face interviews by skilled nutritionists. The analysis was performed based on the principal componentsfactor analysis (PCA) method.Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the.association of social level and dietary patterns among the study population.
Results: After adjustment for confounding factors, results showed that people with high SES had a balanced DP in comparison to those with an intermediate SES; while, SES was not associated with adherenceto the western DP. (p<0.001). Participants with a low SES compared to those with an intermediate SES, had a lower odds of consuming a balanced DP (p<0.001).
There was no significant association between SES and consumption of the western DP.
Conclusion: In middle-aged Iranian adults, people with intermediate SES were more adherent to a balanced DP than individuals with either low or high SES.
Characterization of Newly Developed Asbestos and Copper-free Low Metallic Friction Material for Automotive Brake Pad Application
Authors: Sachin S P Jadhav , Sanjay S. H. Sawant , Digvijay D.G Bhosale 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Non-exhaust pollution due to brake friction material emission is a major challenge in front of researchers. In operation of brake, wear debris of the metal constituents present in brake friction material composition thrown in atmosphere and form metal oxides. Some of the metal oxides pollute the environment and bad effect on human health. With this regards it is essential to develop novel friction material from less metallic percentage and more organic or natural ingredients. In the present study, the low metallic friction materials compositions are developed with 10 ingredients. The friction material specimen is made by the compression molding technique. The characterization is carried out as per ASTM standards. Among the 9 samples, sample 9 shows least wear rate (0.0005 mg/m to 0.0003 mg/m) and has coefficient of friction range 0.31 to 0.46. Samples 1, 5, and 9 represent low, medium and high percentage of boron carbide and epoxy resin respectively among the 9 samples. SEM results showed that cracks size is greater on the entire surface of samples 1 and 5 whereas in sample 9 only pits marks and wear debris are formed on the surface. In TGA analysis, at 2000C the samples 1, 5 and 9 showed an average weight loss of 9% and it progresses to 25% at 3500C. With all characterization concern, it is possible to decrease bad effect of copper and metal oxide on environment and human health by developing friction material from organic and natural ingredients.
Sensitivity Analysis of Microphysics and Cumulus Parameterization Schemes: Numerical Simulation of Cloudbursts Over Uttarakhand Using WRF Modelling System
Authors: Devan Harithasree , Panda Subrat Kumar , Mondal Unashish 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCloudbursts are powerful precipitation events that cause flash floods and landslides over a 20 km2 area. Three cloudburst events on July 16, 17, and 19 in three Uttarakhand locations are examined in this study. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model was used to simulate three cloudburst occurrences at a timestep of 18s on a nested domain of 9 km and 3 km resolutions from 1° by 1° spatial resolution NCEP-FNL data. IMDAA and NGFS data were compared. In the three studied scenarios, all simulations forecast 100 mm rainfall and considerable vertical velocity. Maximum rainfall and vertical velocity are somewhat shifted in two situations. Based on GPM-IMERG rainfall observations, each configuration was evaluated using deterministic and categorical metrics. For each timestep's 5 cm rainfall threshold, Equitable Threat Score and False Threat Score were calculated. The analysis indicated that the third configuration had the most skill.
Sequence analysis of hot spot regions of spike and RNA‑dependent‑RNA polymerase (RdRp) genes of SARS-CoV-2 in Kerman, Iran
Authors: Arefinia Nasir , Yaghobi Ramin , Ramezani Amin , Farokhnia Mehrdad , Sarvari Jamal 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 genome might influence pathogenicity, transmission rate, and evasion of the host immune system. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the genetic alteration in the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike and putative RNA binding site of the RdRp genes of SARS-CoV-2.
Materials and Method: In this cross-sectional study, 45 confirmed COVID-19 patients using qRT-PCR were included and divided into mild, severe, and critical groups based on the severity of the disease. RNA was extracted from nasopharyngeal swab samples using a commercial kit. RT-PCR was performed to amplify the target sequences of the spike and RdRp genes and sequenced them by the Sanger method. Clustal OMEGA, MEGA 11 software, I-mutant tools, and SWISS-MODEL and HDOCK web servers were used for bioinformatics analyses.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 50.68±2.73. The results showed that four of six mutations (L452R, T478K, N501Y, and D614G) in RBD and three of eight in the putative RNA binding site (P214L, E1084D, V1883T) were missense. In the putative RNA binding site, another deletion was discovered. Among missense mutations, N501Y and V1883T were responsible for increasing structural stability, and the others were responsible for decreasing it. The various homology models designed showed that these homologies were like the Wuhan model. The molecular docking analysis revealed that the T478K mutation in RBD had the highest binding affinity. In addition, 35 RBD samples (89.7%) and 33 putative RNA binding site samples (84.6%) were similar to the Delta variant.
Conclusion: Our results indicated that double mutations (T478K and N501Y) in the S protein might increase the binding affinity of SARS-CoV-2 to human ACE2 compared to the wild type (WT) strain. Moreover, variations in the spike and RdRp genes might influence the stability of encoded proteins.