bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling‐based performance assessment of an indigenous macro‐catchment water harvesting technique (Marab) in the Jordanian Badia
Authors: Renzi Niccolò , Villani Lorenzo , Haddad Mira , Strohmeier Stefan , el Din Muhi , Al Widyan Jaafar , Bresci Elena , Castelli Giulio 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWater resources management is fundamental for rural communities in drylands, where water harvesting technologies (WHT) can be used for intercepting surface runoff and storing water in soils. The so‐called “Marab” WHT was initially developed by Middle Eastern agro‐pastoralists that reside or commute in semi‐arid and arid rangelands. The Marab WHT is a macro‐catchment measure consisting of earth dams and stone spillways along the contours of a lowland depression or floodplain. Dependent on the local context (i.e., climate, soil, management, etc.), the established Marabs show highly variable effectiveness and little scientific evidence is supporting the scaling out of the technology. This study aims at filling the knowledge gap on the Marab performance in different environments by simulating its hydro‐agrological effects for different soils and climatic conditions using the AquaCrop model. A case study performed for a Jordanian Marab over three seasons (2019–2022) confirms its huge improvement potential for barley production. Through Marab‐based farming, barley production reached 8.37 t ha−1on average, versus highly variable 0.34 t ha−1without the WHT. The simulation‐based assessment of soil textures identified that silty soils have the largest potential for producing up to 9.25 t ha−1barley, compared to 6.60 t ha−1produced in clay soils. Assessing different climate scenarios, a slight increase in daily average temperatures (+0.5°C) led to a considerable production decline of 4%–8%, while a significant reduction of precipitation (−20%) decreased biomass production by a similar rate (4%–10%). This underlines the robustness of the “Marab” WHT to rainfall amount variation. However, simulations also highlight the sensitivity of timing and frequency of flood events: removing the last and the first flood event reduced biomass production by approximately 50% and 80%, respectively, while the barley fails to develop if both events were suppressed.
Photo Fenton RAFT Polymerization of (Meth)Acrylates in DMSO Sensitized by Methylene Blue
Authors: Deng Yuanming , Li Cuiting , Fan Jiangtao , Guo Xie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA novel open‐to‐air photo RAFT polymerization of a series of acrylate and methacrylate monomers mediated by matching chain transfer agent irradiated by far‐red light in DMSO is reported. Hydroxyl radical (•OH) generated from methylene blue (MB) sensitized decomposition of H2O2 via photo‐Fenton like‐reaction is used for polymerization initiation. The “living/control” characteristic is evidenced by kinetic study, in which a pseudo first order curve and linearly increases of molecular weight with the increase of monomer conversion are observed. The living end‐group fidelity is characterized by MALDI‐TOF‐MS and 1H NMR results, and confirmed by successful chain extension. The temporary controllability is proved by light on/off switch experiment.
4Dflow‐VP‐Net: A deep convolutional neural network for noninvasive estimation of relative pressures in stenotic flows from 4D flow MRI
Authors: Nath Ruponti , Kazemi Amirkhosro , Callahan Sean , Stoddard Marcus F. , Amini Amir A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposeTo estimate relative transvalvular pressure gradient (TVPG) noninvasively from 4D flow MRI.MethodsA novel deep learning–based approach is proposed to estimate pressure gradient across stenosis from four‐dimensional flow MRI (4D flow MRI) velocities. A deep neural network 4D flow Velocity‐to‐Presure Network (4Dflow‐VP‐Net) was trained to learn the spatiotemporal relationship between velocities and pressure in stenotic vessels. Training data were simulated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for different pulsatile flow conditions under an aortic flow waveform. The network was tested to predict pressure from CFD‐simulated velocity data, in vitro 4D flow MRI data, and in vivo 4D flow MRI data of patients with both moderate and severe aortic stenosis. TVPG derived from 4Dflow‐VP‐Net was compared to catheter‐based pressure measurements for available flow rates, in vitro and Doppler echocardiography–based pressure measurement, in vivo.ResultsRelative pressures calculated by 4Dflow‐VP‐Net and in vitro pressure catheterization revealed strong correlation (r2 = 0.91). Correlations analysis of TVPG from reference CFD and 4Dflow‐VP‐Net for 450 simulated flow conditions showed strong correlation (r2 = 0.99). TVPG from in vitro MRI had a correlation coefficient of r2 = 0.98 with reference CFD. 4Dflow‐VP‐Net, applied to 4D flow MRI in 16 patients, showed comparable TVPG measurement with Doppler echocardiography (r2 = 0.85). Bland–Altman analysis of TVPG measurements showed mean bias and limits of agreement of −0.20 ± 2.07 mmHg and 0.19 ± 0.45 mmHg for CFD‐simulated velocities and in vitro 4D flow velocities. In patients, overestimation of Doppler echocardiography relative to TVPG from 4Dflow‐VP‐Net (10.99 ± 6.77 mmHg) was observed.ConclusionThe proposed approach can predict relative pressure in both in vitro and in vivo 4D flow MRI of aortic stenotic patients with high fidelity.
Understanding a decade of safety reporting for sacral neuromodulation in the Food and Drug Administration Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience database
Authors: Carlton Caitlin E. , Souders Colby P. , Chertack Nathan A. , Goueli Ramy S. , Lemack Gary E. , Anger Jennifer T. , McClelland Lynn , Carmel Maude E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionOver 350 000 sacral neuromodulation (SNM) devices have been implanted since approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1998. SNM technology and clinical applications have evolved, with minimal safety updates after initial trials. We aim to provide an updated overview of real‐world SNM safety. These insights will guide informed consent, preoperative counseling, and patient expectation‐setting.Materials and MethodsThe FDA Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database is a repository for medical device safety reports. We performed MAUDE categorical (1/1/98‐12/31/10) and keyword (1/1/11‐9/30/21) searches for “Interstim.” A random sample of 1000 reports was reviewed and categorized by theme. To corroborate our MAUDE database analysis, a legal librarian searched the Public Access to Court Electronic Records (PACER) database, as well as Bloomberg Law's dockets database for all lawsuits related to SNM devices.ResultsOur search of the MAUDE database returned 44 122 SNM‐related adverse events (AEs). The figure illustrates the prevalence of event categories in the random sample. The largest proportion of reports (25.6%) related to a patient's need for assistance with device use, followed by loss/change of efficacy (19.0%). Interestingly, a fall preceded issue onset in 32% of non‐shock pain, 30% of lead/device migration, and 27% of painful shock reports. Our legal search revealed only four lawsuits: one for patient complications after an SNM device was used off‐label, one case of transverse myelitis after implant, one for device migration or poor placement, and the fourth claimed the device malfunctioned requiring removal and causing permanent injury.ConclusionsThis review confirms the real‐world safety of SNM devices and very low complication rates as seen in the original clinical trials. Our findings indicate that 43.2% (95% confidence interval 40.1%–46.3%) of SNM “complications” are not AEs, per se, but rather reflect a need for improved technical support or more comprehensive informed consent to convey known device limitations to the patient, such as battery life. Similarly, the number of lawsuits is shockingly low for a device that has been in the market for 24 years, reinforcing the safety of the device. Legal cases involving SNM devices seem to relate to inappropriate patient selection—including at least one case in which SNM was used for a non‐FDA approved indication—lack of appropriate follow‐up, and/or provider inability to assist the patient with utilizing the device after implantation.
Study on structural optimization of braid‐and‐lay integrated carbon fiber reinforced polymer for metro bogie
Authors: Ma Qihua , Qin Xiaoyu , Gan Xuehui , Wang Yazhe 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCarbon fiber reinforced polymer is an effective solution for replacing metal materials and achieving lightweight, and both three‐dimensional (3‐D) braided composites and prepreg laminated composites have their strengths and weaknesses. Using only one forming process can be challenging to meet the performance requirements of structural components under complex operating conditions. To effectively reduce the production cost and cycle time of large structural components while ensuring the mechanical properties of the structure, this article proposes a novel three‐dimensional braided and prepreg‐layered (braid‐and‐lay) composite forming process that is studied in the context of metro bogies. First, the performance advantages of braid‐and‐lay composites were verified through experimental methods. Then, a multi‐scale analysis method, combining experimental and finite element analysis, accurately predicted the macroscopic elastic parameters of the three‐dimensional braided composite with an error of less than 10% compared to the experimental values. Finally, a structural optimization design of the braid‐and‐lay composite metro bogie was carried out based on the predicted elastic parameters. The results show that the mass of the structure was reduced by 15.33%, from 272.103 to 230.386 kg, while ensuring that the displacement and stress responses do not exceed the constraint range.Highlights
Proposed a braid‐and‐lay integrated composite forming process.
A multi‐scale analysis method, combining experimental and finite element analysis, was used to predict the modulus.
The effect of braiding parameters on modulus prediction was investigated.
The influence of the forming process and structural parameters on the performance of the metro bogie was investigated.
The lightweight design of the metro bogie is effectively realized.
Home gardens contribute to conservation of the critically endangered Wollemi Pine: Evaluation of a botanic garden‐led horticultural release programme
Authors: Offord Catherine A. , Zimmer Heidi C. 
Published: July 2023

Societal Impact StatementBotanic gardens play a leading role in conserving plant species worldwide. Wollemi Pine, a critically endangered species described as new to science in 1994, has been the subject of botanic garden‐led conservation efforts, including widespread horticultural cultivation. An online survey found that gardeners hold a wealth of knowledge on the response of Wollemi Pine to local environmental conditions and horticultural regimes and a high level of awareness of the importance of plant conservation. This information could increase the success of future ex situ conservation efforts, such as the development of a genetically diverse, globally dispersed metacollection of Wollemi Pines.Summary

The Wollemi Pine (Wollemia nobilis; Araucariaceae) is a critically endangered conifer and the source of public and horticultural fascination since its identification in 1994. An ex situ population of Wollemi Pine was initially established in a botanic garden for conservation purposes. Subsequently, a commercial propagation programme was developed to satisfy the demand for this tree as a garden plant, with the release of plants internationally in 2005. We sought to understand how well the original aim of the Wollemi Pine horticultural release programme (to safeguard the species in the wild by promoting its widespread use in horticulture and thereby reduce the risk of illegal and harmful collection) has been met and the factors correlated with Wollemi Pine presence and growth in gardens.
We developed an online community science survey to gather data on the location and growth characteristics of Wollemi Pines in garden environments globally.
We received 1510 individual responses from 31 countries on five continents. The key factors correlated with the presence of Wollemi Pine were: a temperate climate with mean monthly minimum and maximum temperatures between 3.2 and 25.4°C, respectively, and above‐average rainfall. Plants in the ground were favoured by loamy soil.
Wollemi Pines are established in gardens in many parts of the world and are amenable to a variety of horticultural situations. The results of this survey inform future conservation horticulture of this species, such as the development of genetically diverse metacollections, by ensuring the selection of participating botanic gardens and arboreta in environmentally appropriate locations.
Information fraction estimation: Strategies for a phase 3 non‐inferiority maximum duration design with time to event outcome
Authors: Dang Ha M. , Krailo Mark D. , Alonzo Todd A. , Mack Wendy J. , Kairalla John A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThere is considerable debate surrounding the choice of methods to estimate information fraction for futility monitoring in a randomized non‐inferiority maximum duration trial. This question was motivated by a pediatric oncology study that aimed to establish non‐inferiority for two primary outcomes. While non‐inferiority was determined for one outcome, the futility monitoring of the other outcome failed to stop the trial early, despite accumulating evidence of inferiority. For a one‐sided trial design for which the intervention is inferior to the standard therapy, futility monitoring should provide the opportunity to terminate the trial early. Our research focuses on the Total Control Only (TCO) method, which is defined as a ratio of observed events to total events exclusively within the standard treatment regimen. We investigate its properties in stopping a trial early in favor of inferiority. Simulation results comparing the TCO method with alternative methods, one based on the assumption of an inferior treatment effect (TH0), and the other based on a specified hypothesis of a non‐inferior treatment effect (THA), were provided under various pediatric oncology trial design settings. The TCO method is the only method that provides unbiased information fraction estimates regardless of the hypothesis assumptions and exhibits a good power and a comparable type I error rate at each interim analysis compared to other methods. Although none of the methods is uniformly superior on all criteria, the TCO method possesses favorable characteristics, making it a compelling choice for estimating the information fraction when the aim is to reduce cancer treatment‐related adverse outcomes.
A comparative on the thermal decomposition and fire‐extinguishing performance of C5F8 and C5F7Cl
Authors: Chang Zhenxiang , Yu Rourou , Li Shukai , Guo Yueying , Tan Zhaoyang , Zhang Xiao , Liu Jiexiang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCompared with fluorinated cycloalkanes and liner olefins, the degradation of chlorofluorocycloolefins is much easier with good environmental friendliness. However, the fire‐extinguishing performance of chlorofluorocycloolefins has been rarely explored. In this study, the fire‐extinguishing performance and working mechanism of octafluorocyclopentene (C5F8) and 1‐chloro‐2,3,3,4,4,5,5‐heptafluorocyclopentene (C5F7Cl) were studied by combined experimental and theoretical approach. It was found that, compared to C5F8, the asymmetry of C5F7Cl agent with the chlorine atom possesses a reduced energy barrier in pyrolysis process and its reaction with OH· radicals. Moreover, chlorine‐containing unsaturated active groups and CF2· radicals generated in C5F7Cl pyrolysis can effectively capture flame radicals. As a result, a relatively low minimum extinguishing concentrations (MECs) for suppressing methane‐air (5.37 vol%) and propane‐air flame (5.93 vol%) is achieved outperforms that of C5F8 (6.73 and 7.74 vol%), even better than reported fluorinated cycloalkanes and chlorofluoroolefins agents. This study shows that chlorofluorocycloolefins are promising Halon substitutes over perfluorocyclic olefins in fire‐extinguishing performance.
Impact investing in disadvantaged urban areas
Authors: Boulongne Romain , Durand Rodolphe , Flammer Caroline 
Published: July 2023

AbstractResearch SummaryWe examine whether impact investing is more effective in fostering business venture success and social impact when investments are directed toward ventures in disadvantaged urban areas compared to similar investments directed toward ventures outside these areas. We explore this question in the context of loans made to business ventures in French “banlieues” versus “non‐banlieues.” We find that, following the loan issuance, banlieue ventures achieve greater improvements in financial performance and greater social impact in terms of the creation of local employment opportunities, quality jobs, and gender‐equitable jobs. This suggests that impact investors are able to contract with ventures of greater unrealized potential in banlieues, as banlieue ventures tend to be discriminated on the traditional loan market. The latter is corroborated in a controlled lab experiment.Managerial SummaryWe shed light on the unrealized potential of business ventures in economically disadvantaged urban areas, known as “banlieues” in France. Our results show that, after receiving loans from an impact investor, banlieue ventures achieve greater financial performance compared to non‐banlieue ventures. What is more, banlieue ventures achieve greater social impact by creating more jobs that benefit the local community. Why are traditional investors missing out on these opportunities? Our results point toward discrimination of banlieue ventures on the traditional loan market. This is confirmed in a controlled lab experiment, in which participants are less likely to approve loans to banlieue ventures compared to identical non‐banlieue ventures. These insights can guide managers and investors seeking sustainable, socially impactful, and financially viable investment opportunities.
Taming complexity of industrial printing systems using a constraint‐based DSL: An industrial experience report
Authors: Denkers Jasper , Brunner Marvin , van Gool Louis , Vinju Jurgen J. , Zaidman Andy , Visser Eelco 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFlexible printing systems are highly complex systems that consist of printers, that print individual sheets of paper, and finishing equipment, that processes sheets after printing, for example, assembling a book. Integrating finishing equipment with printers involves the development of control software that configures the devices, taking hardware constraints into account. This control software is highly complex to realize due to (1) the intertwined nature of printing and finishing, (2) the large variety of print products and production options for a given product, and (3) the large range of finishers produced by different vendors. We have developed a domain‐specific language called CSX that offers an interface to constraint solving specific to the printing domain. We use it to model printing and finishing devices and to automatically derive constraint solver‐based environments for automatic configuration. We evaluate CSX on its coverage of the printing domain in an industrial context, and we report on lessons learned on using a constraint‐based DSL in an industrial context.
Statistical modeling to relate technology readiness to schedule
Authors: Kenley C. Robert , Subramanian Shrividya , Adams Katherine M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractProjects from U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration and Department of Energy technology development activities provide historical data on project completion timelines versus technology readiness levels that were assessed during the life cycle of a program. A statistical analysis was performed to develop a method to forecast future project completion timelines based on technical maturity assessments. The goodness‐of‐fit of the model used for forecasting also was evaluated, and the null hypothesis that the data follows the probability distribution used for the forecasting model could not be rejected at a Type I error level of 0.05. Several potential extensions to the model using product forecasting methods, semi‐Markov processes, and Bayes nets are presented. The limitations of the statistical modeling and of the potential extensions are also discussed.
On a procedure to derive ϵ-factorised differential equations beyond polylogarithms
Authors: Görges Lennard , Nega Christoph , Tancredi Lorenzo , Wagner Fabian J. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this manuscript, we elaborate on a procedure to derive ϵ-factorised differential equations for multi-scale, multi-loop classes of Feynman integrals that evaluate to special functions beyond multiple polylogarithms. We demonstrate the applicability of our approach to diverse classes of problems, by working out ϵ-factorised differential equations for single- and multi-scale problems of increasing complexity. To start we are reconsidering the well-studied equal-mass two-loop sunrise case, and move then to study other elliptic two-, three- and four-point problems depending on multiple different scales. Finally, we showcase how the same approach allows us to obtain ϵ-factorised differential equations also for Feynman integrals that involve geometries beyond a single elliptic curve.
Sexual Orientation Affects Neural Responses to Subtle Social Aggression Signals
Authors: Lübke Katrin T. , Storch Dunja , Pause Bettina M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe current series of studies are the first to examine brain responses to social aggression signals as a function of male and female sexual orientation. For the first set of studies (1a, 1b), axillary sweat had been collected from 17 heterosexual men and 17 heterosexual women aggressively responding to frustrating opponents (aggression condition) and while playing a construction game (control condition). Sweat samples were pooled according to sex and condition, and presented via a constant flow olfactometer to 17 gay and 23 heterosexual men (Study 1a), and 19 lesbian and 25 heterosexual women (Study 1b). Ongoing EEG was recorded from 61 scalp locations, chemosensory event-related potentials (CSERPs; P2, P3-1, P3-2) were analyzed, and neuronal sources calculated (low resolution electromagnetic tomography). Within the second set of studies (2a, 2b), pictures of males’ and females’ weak angry and neutral facial expressions were presented to 21 gay and 23 heterosexual men (Study 2a), and 19 lesbian and 26 heterosexual women (Study 2b), and ERPs (N170, P3) were analyzed. Gay men showed larger P3-1 amplitudes than heterosexual men upon presentation of male aggression sweat, accompanied by activation of the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG, BA 10). Gay men also displayed longer N170 latencies in response to men’s compared to women’s angry facial expressions, while heterosexual men did not. In women, sexual orientation did not affect the processing of aggression sweat or anger expressions. Gay men showed preferential processing of chemosensory aggression signals (P3-1 amplitudes), indicating fine-tuned socioemotional sensitivity, related to activation of brain areas involved in emotion regulation (IFG). They further process the relative relevance of visual aggression signals (N170 latency). These results were in line with theories proposing a common evolutionary pathway for same-sex attraction and traits easing social integration.