bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distress, wellbeing, and growth amidst COVID‐19: Considering the dynamic interplay between positive and negative anticipatory emotions
Authors: Marshall Emma M. , Karantzas Gery C. , Greenwood Christopher J. , Aarsman Stephanie R. , Fernando Julian W. , Romano Daniel , Knox Laura , Stokes Mark A. , Fuller‐Tyszkiewicz Matthew , Mikocka‐Walus Antonina , Westrupp Elizabeth M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAlthough negative anticipatory emotions are typically seen as risk factors for poorer psychological outcomes over COVID‐19, emotion theorists suggest that this risk may be attenuated if balanced by the experience of positive emotion. Thus, the current study examined whether interactions between positive and negative anticipatory emotions were concurrently associated with psychological distress and greater personal wellbeing/posttraumatic growth (PTG) at three distinct periods (i.e., pre‐lockdown, during lockdown, post‐lockdown), and whether associations varied by these three COVID‐19 time periods. The study utilizes two large longitudinal Australian samples, surveyed in 2020 prior to, during, and after a strict 4‐month lockdown that occurred in Australia. Overall, positive emotions attenuated the adverse psychological outcomes arising from higher levels of negative emotion (i.e., higher psychological distress and lower personal wellbeing). Observed effects varied according to COVID‐19 threat exposure. Specifically, the interaction was significantly associated with psychological distress prior to the lockdown for Sample 2, and during the lockdown for both samples. The interaction was significantly associated with wellbeing (Sample 2) prior to, and during, the lockdown but only marginally associated post‐lockdown. The interaction, however, was not significantly associated with PTG (Sample 1). The results suggest that it is valuable for future research to consider greater emotional complexity (i.e., mixed emotions) over COVID‐19, and other stressors more generally, to encompass a more nuanced understanding of resilience.
Development of a method for evaluating skin dullness: A mathematical model explaining dullness by the color, optical properties, and microtopography of the skin
Authors: Nurani Alif Meem , Kikuchi Kumiko , Iino Masato , Shirasugi Yutaka , Sonoki Aska , Fujimura Takako , Hasegawa Kiyotaka , Shibata Takako 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundSkin dullness has long been a major concern of Japanese women. It is usually evaluated and judged visually by experts. Although several factors are recognized to play a role, it is unclear to what extent such physiological characteristics contribute to skin dullness. The purpose of this study is to establish an objective method for evaluation, which will assist in developing cosmetics products targeting skin dullness.MethodsWe conducted a skin measurement study on 50 Japanese women in their 30–50s, where skin dullness was visually assessed by a group of experts to obtain an average dullness score, and several skin parameters were obtained. We then developed a regression model that explains the visual assessment score using these physiological parameters.ResultsThe results of partial least squares analysis of the dullness perception and physiological characteristics showed that skin dullness can be defined by colorimetric, optical, and skin surface microtopography parameters. Additionally, the contribution of each parameter to the model was determined. Our results suggest that dullness perception is highly affected by the melanin content and yellowness of the skin, followed by skin reddishness, roughness, and translucency score, whereas glossiness has less effect. Strikingly, the contribution ratio of each parameter varied among age groups. Furthermore, we confirmed that the predicted value of skin dullness increases with age.ConclusionOur results will help the design of cosmetics targeting factors specific to age groups in developing effective solutions for skin dullness.
Is China Making the Rent Gap Theory Untrue? Lessons from Nanjing
Authors: Liu Cheng , Song Weixuan , Zhang Yunpeng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn the past decade, the Chinese state seems to have moved away from its previously dominant urban development characterized by dispossession and displacement. It now appears less unscrupulous in exploiting rent gaps and seemingly attaches greater importance to extra‐growth goals in urban development such as de‐commodification, use value creation and equality. This article examines two such state‐led interventions: micro‐regeneration practices that renovate dilapidated neighbourhoods while avoiding displacement en masse and initiatives to minimize education‐based gentrification. Using examples from Nanjing, the article shows how both were limited and partial. Although local governments were enthusiastic about micro‐regeneration, their practices largely depended on public subsidies. Efforts to counter education‐led gentrification, on the other hand, were undermined by a lack of political will to unsettle vested power structures and contradictory policies. Therefore, China is not making the rent theory untrue.
Distinct functional domains of the epsin‐related Ent5p, a cargo adaptor for the SNARE Tlg2p in transport between endosomes and Golgi
Authors: Petersen Lara , Bachmann Rimma , Meinerz Sven , Tanz Anne , Fischer von Mollard Gabriele 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe epsin‐related adaptor proteins Ent3p and Ent5p participate in budding of clathrin coated vesicles in transport between trans‐Golgi network and endosomes in yeast. Transport of the arginine permease Can1p was analyzed, which recycles between plasma membrane and endosomes and can be targeted to the vacuole for degradation. ent3∆ cells accumulate Can1p‐GFP in endosomes. Can1p‐GFP is transported faster to the vacuole upon induction of degradation in ent5∆ cells than in wild type cells. The C‐terminal domain of Ent5p was sufficient to restore recycling of the secretory SNARE GFP‐Snc1p between plasma membrane and TGN in ent3∆ ent5∆ cells. The SNARE Tlg2p was identified as interaction partner of the Ent5p ENTH domain by in vitro binding assays and the interaction site on Ent5p was mapped. Tlg2p functions in transport from early endosomes to the trans‐Golgi network and in homotypic fusion of these organelles. Tlg2p is partially shifted to denser fractions in sucrose density gradients of organelles from ent5∆ cells while distribution of Kex2p is unaffected demonstrating that Ent5p acts as cargo adaptor for Tlg2p in vivo. Taken together we show that Ent3p and Ent5p have different roles in transport and function as cargo adaptors for distinct SNAREs.
Trade in times of uncertainty
Authors: Matzner Anna , Meyer Birgit , Oberhofer Harald 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper studies the direct and indirect trade volume and trade cost effects of uncertainty on international trade and economic welfare using a structural gravity framework for a panel of 97 developed and developing countries from 2000 to 2018. We find that the sign and magnitude of the effect depend on whether uncertainty originates from the importing or exporting country. Moreover, applying a cross‐sectional gravity model, we show that an uncertainty shock directly reduces cross‐border trade flows. The paper illustrates the suitability of the proposed modelling approach by means of two counterfactual scenario analyses in which we calculate the general equilibrium trade and welfare effects of uncertainty induced by the unexpected outcome of the Brexit referendum in 2016 and the outbreak of the COVID‐19 pandemic in 2020.
Preliminary evaluation of hepatitis A virus cell receptor 1/kidney injury molecule 1 in healthy horses treated with phenylbutazone
Authors: Costa Lais R. R. , Swiderski Cyprianna , Palm Carrie , Aleman Monica 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate if hepatitis A virus cell receptor 1/kidney injury molecule 1 (HAVCR1/KIM1) in urine is detectable concurrently with increases in serum creatinine concentrations in horses receiving a recommended dose of phenylbutazone (PBZ) for 7 days.DesignPreliminary study.MethodsTen clinically healthy horses with normal physical examination and laboratory work were randomly assigned to PBZ or placebo groups (5 each). The PBZ group received PBZ at 4.4 mg/kg mixed with corn syrup orally every 12 hours. The placebo group received corn syrup orally every 12 hours. Both groups were treated for 7 days. Kidney ultrasonography was performed, and venous blood and urine samples were collected prior to commencement and at the end of treatment. Samples from 1 additional healthy horse, 3 horses with acute kidney failure, and 1 horse with chronic kidney failure were also evaluated.ResultsNone of the 10 horses had detectable HAVCR1/KIM1 in urine at baseline. Serum creatinine concentrations in placebo group did not increase, and HAVCR1/KIM1 was undetectable in urine. At the end of treatment, 3 of 5 horses receiving PBZ developed increases in serum creatinine of >26.5 μmol/L (>0.3 mg/dL), and HAVCR1/KIM1 was detectable in urine, despite normal findings on kidney ultrasonography in all horses.ConclusionsHAVCR1/KIM1 is detectable in urine and is associated with increases in serum creatinine concentrations of >26.5 μmol/L in horses following treatment with PBZ for 7 consecutive days. Thus, HAVCR1/KIM1 might aid in the early detection of acute kidney injury in horses.
Curriculum frameworks and educational programs in artificial intelligence for medical students, residents, and practicing physicians: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Tolentino Raymond , Baradaran Ashkan , Gore Genevieve , Pluye Pierre , Abbasgholizadeh-Rahimi Samira 
Published: July 2023

Objective:
The aim of this scoping review is to synthesize knowledge from the literature on curriculum frameworks and current educational programs that focus on the teaching and learning of artificial intelligence (AI) for medical students, residents, and practicing physicians.

Introduction:
To advance the implementation of AI in clinical practice, physicians need to have a better understanding of AI and how to use it within clinical practice. Consequently, medical education must introduce AI topics and concepts into the curriculum. Curriculum frameworks are educational road maps to teaching and learning. Therefore, any existing AI curriculum frameworks must be reviewed and, if none exist, such a framework must be developed.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will include articles that describe curriculum frameworks for teaching and learning AI in medicine, irrespective of country. All types of articles and study designs will be included, except conference abstracts and protocols.

Methods:
This review will follow the JBI methodology for scoping reviews. Keywords will first be identified from relevant articles. Another search will then be conducted using the identified keywords and index terms. The following databases will be searched: MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), and Scopus. Gray literature will also be searched. Articles will be limited to the English and French languages, commencing from the year 2000. The reference lists of all included articles will be screened for additional articles. Data will then be extracted from included articles and the results will be presented in a table.
Olfactory‐driven beta band entrainment of limbic circuitry during neonatal development
Authors: Kostka Johanna K. , Hanganu‐Opatz Ileana L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCognitive processing relies on the functional refinement of the limbic circuitry during the first two weeks of life. During this developmental period, when the auditory, somatosensory and visual systems are still largely immature, the sense of olfaction acts as ‘door to the world’, providing an important source of environmental inputs. However, it is unknown whether early olfactory processing shapes the activity in the limbic circuitry during neonatal development. Here, we address this question by combining simultaneous in vivo recordings from the olfactory bulb (OB), lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC), hippocampus (HP) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) with olfactory stimulation as well as opto‐ and chemogenetic manipulations of mitral/tufted cells in the OB of non‐anaesthetized neonatal mice of both sexes. We show that the neonatal OB synchronizes the limbic circuity in the beta frequency range. Moreover, it drives neuronal and network activity in LEC, as well as subsequently, HP and PFC via long‐range projections from mitral cells to HP‐projecting LEC neurons. Thus, OB activity shapes the communication within limbic circuits during neonatal development.
imageKey points
During early postnatal development, oscillatory activity in the olfactory bulb synchronizes the limbic circuit.
Olfactory stimulation boosts firing and beta synchronization along the olfactory bulb–lateral entorhinal cortex–hippocampal–prefrontal pathway.
Mitral cells drive neuronal and network activity in the lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC), as well as subsequently, the hippocampus (HP) and the prefrontal cortex (PFC) via long‐range projections from mitral cells to HP‐projecting LEC neurons.
Inhibition of vesicle release on LEC targeting mitral cell axons reveals direct involvement of LEC in the olfactory bulb‐driven oscillatory entrainment of the limbic circuitry.
How to Plot Heatlines?
Authors: Mukherjee Chandan , Mukhopadhyay Sudipto 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In non-isothermal flows, heatlines are used to depict the energy flow from hot surface to cold surface and help in visualizing the strength of the convective heat transfer as compared to the conductive heat transfer. Traditionally, researchers have plotted heatlines by solving heat-function equation in their solvers during the runtime. However, this requires access to the solver code and is time-consuming to implement. Further, the literature available so far only concerns simple geometric shapes. This work aims to document out-of-the-box methods for the visualization of heatlines which can be done as a post-processing exercise. A comparison of streamlines and heatlines, is at first presented to enhance the understanding of the application of heatlines in heat transfer problems and use the same technique in post-processing computer programs for visualizing heatlines. The procedures to plot heatlines using commercial (tecplot and cfd-post) and open-source (paraview) tools are presented. Illustrative examples of different computational geometries from past literature are validated to establish the efficacy of the method. Further, the method can be also applied to plot heatlines for complex geometries which is not feasible with the traditional approaches.
Experimental Investigation of Effusion Film Cooling on a Cylindrical Leading Edge Model
Authors: Huang I-Cheng , Lin Kuan-Hsueh , Huang Chih-Yung , Liu Yao-Hsien 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Effusion film cooling is effective for cooling high-temperature turbine blades because it requires less coolant and produces a more uniform temperature distribution than conventional film cooling. Effusion cooling for a cylindrical model representing the leading edge of a gas turbine blade was investigated. The experiment was performed in a low-speed wind tunnel at a Reynolds number of 100,000. Pressure-sensitive paint was used to measure the adiabatic film cooling effectiveness. Additive manufacturing was used to fabricate a porous structure on the test cylinder for effusion cooling. Both simple and compound angles were used for cooling injection. The effects of streamwise and spanwise hole spacings, turbulence intensities (1% and 8.7%), and blowing ratios (0.075, 0.15, 0.3, and 0.6) were studied at a fixed density ratio of 1. The effusion hole diameter was 0.1 cm, and the spanwise hole pitch-to-diameter ratio was either 2 or 4. Compared with conventional film cooing, effusion cooling achieved a higher cooling effectiveness and produced a better coolant coverage. Increasing the streamwise spacing noticeably reduced the cooling effectiveness for the simple-angle design due to film lift-off; the compound-angle designs thus achieved higher effectiveness. The simple-angle holes were more sensitive to changes in the mainstream turbulence intensity; increases in the turbulence intensity promoted the mixing of the coolant with the mainstream. Moreover, effusion cooling was more resistant to coolant lift-off at high blowing ratios.
The Effect of Gender Stereotype Threat and Conceptions of Ability on Motor Learning and Working Memory
Authors: Nahidi Narges , Saemi Esmaeel , Doustan Mohammadreza , Aronson Joshua , Laurin Raphaël 
Published: July 2023

The present study explored the effects of gender stereotype threat and conceptions of ability on motor learning and working memory in novice female learners. Sixty participants (Mage = 21.92 years, SDage = 1.74) were randomly assigned into a gender stereotype threat and a control group (neutral; without stereotype threat). Each group was, in turn, randomly divided into two subgroups: inherent ability and acquired skill. The tasks assigned to the participants included soccer dribbling and the n-back test. In the pretest, the individuals only performed one dribbling trial, whereas in the practice phase, the individuals performed 12 blocks of five trials based on their respective test conditions. During retention and transfer under pressure (48 hr after practice for both tests), the participants carried out one block of five trials. The participants also completed the n-back test in the pretest, posttest, and retention phases. In both motor performance and learning, the findings suggested that both gender stereotype threat and inherent ability variables can negatively influence the soccer dribbling skill (p < .05). However, regarding working memory, the results could not show any significant difference between the groups (p > .05). How these variables affect or do not affect motor learning as well as working memory and how the results are applied in the motor domain are discussed.
Leaf side determines the relative importance of dispersal versus host filtering in the phyllosphere microbiome
Authors: Smets Wenke , Chock Mason K. , Walsh Corinne M. , Vanderburgh Caihong Qiu , Kau Ethan , Lindow Steven E. , Fierer Noah , Koskella Britt 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Leaves harbor distinct microbial communities that can have an important impact on plant health and microbial ecosystems worldwide. Nevertheless, the ecological processes that shape the composition of leaf microbial communities remain unclear, with previous studies reporting contradictory results regarding the importance of bacterial dispersal versus host selection. This discrepancy could be driven in part because leaf microbiome studies typically consider the upper and lower leaf surfaces as a single entity despite these habitats possessing considerable anatomical differences. We characterized the composition of bacterial phyllosphere communities from the upper and lower leaf surfaces across 24 plant species. Leaf surface pH and stomatal density were found to shape phyllosphere community composition, and the underside of leaves had lower richness and higher abundances of core community members than upper leaf surfaces. We found fewer endemic bacteria on the upper leaf surfaces, suggesting that dispersal is more important in shaping these communities, with host selection being a more important force in microbiome assembly on lower leaf surfaces. Our study illustrates how changing the scale in which we observe microbial communities can impact our ability to resolve and predict microbial community assembly patterns on leaf surfaces.

IMPORTANCE
Leaves can harbor hundreds of different bacterial species that form unique communities for every plant species. Bacterial communities on leaves are really important because they can, for example, protect their host against plant diseases. Usually, bacteria from the whole leaf are considered when trying to understand these communities; however, this study shows that the upper and lower sides of a leaf have a very different impact on how these communities are shaped. It seems that the bacteria on the lower leaf side are more closely associated with the plant host, and communities on the upper leaf side are more impacted by immigrating bacteria. This can be really important when we want to treat, for example, crops in the field with beneficial bacteria or when trying to understand host-microbe interactions on the leaves.
Surface exposure constraints on the mantle water budget
Authors: Chotalia K. , Brodholt J. , Lithgow-Bertelloni C. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Mantle water content estimates range from 0.5 to 15 oceans of water. Its evolution is even more unclear. Rapid degassing during mantle solidification likely released much of the water to the surface, initially flooding Earth. However, evidence for subaerial land from at least 3.5 Ga means that much of this water must have been rapidly cycled back into the mantle. Here, we used a parameterized convection model and hypsometric curve to assess how much water could have been taken into the mantle and still satisfy evidence for subaerial land. Even if only the highest peaks were exposed, the initial ocean must have been less than 1.5 current oceans to explain subaerial exposure throughout most of Earth history. Today, this implies any water in the mantle &gt;0.5 oceans must be primordial and has been isolated from the convecting mantle for most of Earth’s history.
Large-scale rare-metal pegmatite deposit formation driven by supercontinent assembly
Authors: Tang Gong-Jian , Wyman Derek. A. , Wang Qiang , Dan Wei , Ma Lin , Yang Ya-Nan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Triassic rare-metal pegmatite deposits are widespread in East Asia; e.g., the western Kunlun and Songpan-Ganze belt in northern Tibet and the Altai belt in the heart of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. However, rare-metal enrichment processes and deposit formation mechanisms are enigmatic. Most rare-metal pegmatites in East Asia formed at ca. 220–200 Ma in the Late Triassic and are genetically related to S-type granites. Whole-rock and zircon Li and Cs contents indicate that sedimentary rocks represent a fertile rare-metal source for the pegmatite deposits and that long-term chemical weathering plays a key role in the enrichment of rare metals. The formation of these widespread deposits in East Asia was associated with lithospheric extension induced by slab retreat along the periphery of the supercontinent during Pangea assembly.
Concurrent NMDAR and GFAP Antibody Encephalitis During Pregnancy
Authors: Zengin Erkam , Kharisova Irina , Emechebe Dokpe , Anziska Yaacov 
Published: July 2023

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is an autoimmune antibody encephalitis, commonly affecting young women with comorbid ovarian teratoma. It typically presents with alteration of consciousness, psychosis, movement disorders eventually deteriorating with seizures, dysautonomia and central hypoventilation requiring critical level of care that may last weeks to months. Removal of teratoma and immunosuppressant therapy support can led to a dramatic recovery.To our knowledge, this is the first illustrated case in the literature of a pregnant woman presenting with concurrent autoimmune NMDAR and anti-glial gibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) antibody encephalitis in the setting of an ovarian teratoma. Despite the teratoma removal and receiving various forms of immunosuppressant therapy, a meaningful neurological improvement was observed following the delivery. After a prolonged hospitalisation and recovery period, the patient and her offspring made an excellent recovery highlighting the significance of early diagnosis and management.