bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alcohol Drinking Patterns and Risk of Developing Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis
Authors: Becker Ulrik , Timmermann Amalie , Ekholm Ola , Grønbæk Morten , Drewes Asbjørn Mohr , Novovic Srdan , Nøjgaard Camilla , Olesen Søren Schou , Tolstrup Janne Schurmann 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Aim
The aim was to analyze the effects of drinking pattern and type of alcohol on risk of acute and chronic pancreatitis.

Methods
Prospective cohort study based on data from 316,751 men and women participating in the Danish National Health Surveys 2010 and 2013. Self-reported questionnaire-based alcohol parameters and information on pancreatitis was obtained from national health registers. Cox regression models were used adjusting for baseline year, gender, age, smoking, Body Mass Index, diet and education.

Results
Development of acute and chronic pancreatitis increased with alcohol intake with a significant increase among abstainers and those drinking &gt;14 drinks per week compared with individuals drinking 1–7 drinks per week. Frequent binge drinking and frequent drinking (every day) was associated with increased development of acute and chronic pancreatitis compared with those drinking 2–4 days per week. Problematic alcohol use according to the CAGE-C questionnaire was associated with increased development of acute and chronic pancreatitis.
Intake of more than 14 drinks of spirits per week was associated with increased development of acute and chronic pancreatitis, and more than 14 drinks of beer per week were associated with increased development of chronic pancreatitis, whereas drinking wine was not associated with development of pancreatitis.

Conclusion
This large prospective population study showed a J-shaped association between alcohol intake and development of pancreatitis. Drinking every day, frequent binge drinking and problematic alcohol use were associated with increased development of pancreatitis and drinking large amounts of beer and spirits might be more harmful than drinking wine.
Total Reactive Isocyanate Group (TRIG) Measurement: A Commentary
Authors: McConnachie Glen , Johnson Paul 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Exposure to airborne isocyanates has, for decades, been a leading cause of occupational asthma. As respiratory sensitizers, isocyanates can induce allergic respiratory diseases with symptoms persisting even without further exposure. As this cause of occupational asthma is recognized it should be almost entirely preventable. In several countries isocyanates are assigned occupational exposure limits based on the total of reactive isocyanate groups (TRIG). The measurement of TRIG has some significant advantages over the measurement of individual isocyanate compounds. This exposure metric is explicit, simplifying calculations, and comparisons across published data. It reduces the risk of underestimating exposure by ‘missing’ important isocyanate compounds that may be present but are not the target analytes. It allows for quantification of exposure to complex mixtures of isocyanates, di-isocyanates monomers, prepolymers, polyisocyanates, oligomers, and/or intermediate forms. This is becoming increasingly important as more complex isocyanate products are being used in the workplace. There are many methods and techniques for measuring air concentrations/potential exposure to isocyanates. Several established methods have been standardized and published as International Organization for Standardization (ISO) methods. While some may be applied directly for determination of TRIG, others (developed for determination of individual isocyanates), require modification. This commentary aims to highlight the relative merits and limitations of those methods capable of determining TRIG and also considers potential future developments.
Characteristics of and Professional Issues Experienced by Early Career Neuropsychologists in the United States – Findings from a Survey Study
Authors: Sunderaraman Preeti , Dunn Callie B , Kamper Joel E , DeDios-Stern Samantha , Azar Martina , Feigon Maia , Cooper Shanna , Gooding Amanda 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective
Multiple transitions occur during the early career stage of a psychologist, perhaps to a higher extent and with more potent ramifications than subsequent career stages. However, limited information exists on the various expectations, concerns, and challenges experienced by early career psychologists (ECPs) broadly, and more specifically in clinical neuropsychology. Therefore, the Society for Clinical Neuropsychology (SCN)/Division 40’s Early Career Neuropsychologist Committee developed a Needs Assessment Survey with the primary goal of identifying various training and professional development issues encountered by ECPs in clinical neuropsychology.

Method
A comprehensive survey was distributed electronically via listserv announcements and SCN communication tools (Newsletters and Neuroblasts). Data collection occurred from 29 May, 2020 to 02 August, 2020. The total sample comprised of 89 respondents (85% aged 31–40 years; 83% female; 82% Caucasian, followed by 18% Asian; 3% of Hispanic ethnicity).

Results
Majority of the respondents graduated from APA-accredited doctoral programs and from postdoctoral programs that adhered to Houston Conference Guidelines. About 7% took &gt;2 years to complete their residency and about 10%–15% of ECPs expressed clear dissatisfaction with at least some aspect of their residency training. Becoming board certified in neuropsychology was the highest ranked career goal for ECPs in neuropsychology (45%), whereas 72% indicated difficulty understanding billing and insurance-related issues as the most frequently encountered professional challenge. About 57% of ECPs were concerned about maintaining work/life balance.

Conclusions
Specific ways to aid and strengthen trainees and ECPs’ professional needs are discussed with a focus on activities that can be undertaken at individual-, department-, profession-, and higher legislative-specific levels.

IMPACT STATEMENT
Question: Using survey data, this study aimed to characterize early career psychologists (ECPs) training history and their current work settings, identify their needs, and understand their perspectives about challenges and expectations. Findings: Results reveal that the workforce comprising of ECPs is getting increasingly diverse, and their needs are typically focused on obtaining board certification. ECPs identified areas for improvement in their training, such as increasing their knowledge of billing and insurance, and expressed concerns about maintaining work/life balance. Importance: The Minnesota 2022 Update Conference seems like a promising platform for addressing several of the needs identified by the survey and providing updated guidelines for ECPs. Next Steps: Based on the findings, general guidelines have been proposed for state and local level organizations along with call for action to higher-level legislation.
Application of a Modified Costal Cartilaginous Framework in Correction of Severe Saddle Nose Deformity
Authors: Song Zhen , Xu Yihao , Zhang Xulong , You Jianjun , Wang Huan , Zheng Ruobing , Tian Le , Guo Junsheng , Fan Fei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Insufficient support of the nasal septum due to congenital or secondary deficiency leads to severe saddle nose deformity, which presents an unpleasant appearance.

Objectives
The purpose of this study is to present our approach to constructing a costal cartilaginous framework with autologous costal cartilage for correction of severe saddle nose deformities.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted of patients who underwent correction of severe saddle nose deformity (type 2 to type 4) by a senior surgeon from January 2018 to January 2022. Preoperative and postoperative measurements were conducted to evaluate the surgical outcomes.

Results
A total of 41 patients ages 15 to 50 years completed the study. The average follow-up time was 20.6 months. No short-term complications were observed. Revisional operations were performed on 3 patients. All patients were satisfied with the aesthetic results. Analysis of objective measurements showed that the nasofrontal angle, columellar-labial angle, and tip projection improved significantly in type 2 cases, the nasofrontal angle and tip projection improved significantly in type 3 cases, and tip projection improved significantly in type 4 cases.

Conclusions
Application of this modified costal cartilaginous framework, which consists of a fairly stable foundation layer and an aesthetic contour layer of block costal cartilage, has achieved satisfactory results over the long term.

Level of Evidence: 4
A Computed Tomographic Investigation of the Ophthalmic Artery Volume and Its Relevance to Soft Tissue Filler Injections
Authors: Li Xin-Rui , Hong Wei-Jin , Luo Sheng-Kang , Zhang You-Liang , Li Wu-Ming , Moellhoff Nicholas , Freytag David L , Nikolis Andreas , Alfertshofer Michael , Cotofana Sebastian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
The measured intraarterial volume of cadaveric ophthalmic arteries was utilized for safety recommendations during facial soft tissue filler injections. However, its clinical practicability and model applicability have become questionable.

Objectives
To measure the volume of the ophthalmic artery in living individuals by utilizing computed tomography (CT) imaging technology.

Methods
A total of 40 Chinese patients (23 males, 17 females) were included in this study with a mean age of 61.0 (14.2) years and a mean body mass index of 23.7 (3.3) kg/m2. Patients were investigated with CT imaging technology to evaluate the length, diameter, and volume of the bilateral ophthalmic arteries as well as the length of the bony orbits, resulting in a total of 80 investigated ophthalmic arteries and orbits.

Results
Independent of gender, the average length of the ophthalmic artery was 80.6 (18.7) mm, the calculated volume of the ophthalmic artery was 0.16 (0.05) mL and the minimal and maximal internal diameter of the ophthalmic artery were 0.50 (0.05) mm and 1.06 (0.1) mm, respectively.

Conclusions
Based on the results obtained from the investigation of 80 ophthalmic arteries it must be concluded that current safety recommendations should be reevaluated. The volume of the ophthalmic artery appears to be 0.2 mL rather than 0.1 mL as previously reported. In addition, it appears impractical to limit the volume of soft tissue filler bolus injections to 0.1 mL due to the aesthetic requirements of each individual patient and treatment plan.
AGC: compact representation of assembled genomes with fast queries and updates
Authors: Deorowicz Sebastian , Danek Agnieszka , Li Heng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMotivationHigh-quality sequence assembly is the ultimate representation of complete genetic information of an individual. Several ongoing pangenome projects are producing collections of high-quality assemblies of various species. Each project has already generated assemblies of hundreds of gigabytes on disk, greatly impeding the distribution of and access to such rich datasets.ResultsHere, we show how to reduce the size of the sequenced genomes by 2–3 orders of magnitude. Our tool compresses the genomes significantly better than the existing programs and is much faster. Moreover, its unique feature is the ability to access any contig (or its part) in a fraction of a second and easily append new samples to the compressed collections. Thanks to this, AGC could be useful not only for backup or transfer purposes but also for routine analysis of pangenome sequences in common pipelines. With the rapidly reduced cost and improved accuracy of sequencing technologies, we anticipate more comprehensive pangenome projects with much larger sample sizes. AGC is likely to become a foundation tool to store, distribute and access pangenome data.Availability and implementationThe source code of AGC is available at https://github.com/refresh-bio/agc. The package can be installed via Bioconda at https://anaconda.org/bioconda/agc.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
peaks2utr: a robust Python tool for the annotation of 3′ UTRs
Authors: Haese-Hill William , Crouch Kathryn , Otto Thomas D 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSummaryAnnotation of nonmodel organisms is an open problem, especially the detection of untranslated regions (UTRs). Correct annotation of UTRs is crucial in transcriptomic analysis to accurately capture the expression of each gene yet is mostly overlooked in annotation pipelines. Here we present peaks2utr, an easy-to-use Python command line tool that uses the UTR enrichment of single-cell technologies, such as 10× Chromium, to accurately annotate 3′ UTRs for a given canonical annotation.Availability and implementationpeaks2utr is implemented in Python 3 (≥3.8). It is available via PyPI at https://pypi.org/project/peaks2utr and GitHub at https://github.com/haessar/peaks2utr. It is licensed under GNU GPLv3.
Percutaneous intervention of severe native coarctation of the aorta presenting in pregnancy: a case report
Authors: Nashat Heba , Patel Roshni , Johnson Mark R , Rafiq Isma 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundCoarctation of the aorta (CoA) is one of the more common congenital heart defects affecting up to 5% of patients with congenital heart disease. Pregnant patients with unrepaired or severe re-coarctation are considered to be modified World Health Organisation (mWHO) IV, have the highest risk of maternal mortality and morbidity. The management of unrepaired CoA during pregnancy is influenced by a variety of factors which include the extent of the coarctation and coarctation characteristics, but due to paucity of data, it largely relies on expert opinion.Case summaryA 27 year old multi-gravid woman underwent successful percutaneous stent implantation for severe native CoA due to maternal resistant hypertension and foetal cardiac compromise on echocardiography. After intervention, the remainder of her pregnancy was uneventful with improved arterial hypertension control. The foetal cardiac structures, namely left ventricular size, improved after intervention. This case demonstrates the importance of CoA intervention during pregnancy to optimise both maternal and foetal outcome.ConclusionCoarctation of the aorta should be considered in pregnant women with poorly controlled hypertension. This case also highlights that, despite associated risks, percutaneous intervention can lead to improved maternal haemodynamics and fetal growth.
Steroid-dependent pericarditis following anti-PD1 immunotherapy in a metastatic melanoma patient: a case report
Authors: Verhaert Marthe , Mebis Jeroen , Aspeslagh Sandrine , von Kemp Berlinde 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundImmune-related adverse events are increasingly prevalent in the oncologist’s practice. Cardiac adverse events are rare but can be life-threatening. Case reports of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)–related pericarditis are scarce and so is the scientific evidence for its management. This is the first report of a steroid-dependent pericarditis.Case summaryWe present a case of a woman with lung metastatic melanoma who developed pericarditis after two infusions of pembrolizumab. The initial response to steroids and colchicine was favourable, and steroids were successfully tapered, after which the immunotherapy was reintroduced. A complete metabolic remission was achieved after six cycles of pembrolizumab, but pericarditis symptoms recur each time the steroid dose is lowered below 10 mg. After introduction of azathioprine, steroids were successfully tapered over the course of 6 months.DiscussionBecause of the chronicity of the pericarditis, it was hypothesized that an underlying auto-immune pericarditis was triggered by the checkpoint inhibitor and the general guidelines for recurrent idiopathic pericarditis were followed, successfully adding azathioprine to taper steroids to stop.
Unmasking the severity of aortic stenosis by pharmacological elimination of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction: a case report
Authors: Harano Yoshihiro , Kawase Yoshiaki , Matsuo Hitoshi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundLeft ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction may occur with aortic stenosis (AS). However, the severity of AS is difficult to determine in this condition because the dynamic pressure gradient in LVOT obstruction influences the blood flow across the aortic valve.Case summaryA 74-year-old woman was referred to our hospital having complaints of exertional dyspnoea and chest pain. Transthoracic echocardiography demonstrated LVOT obstruction with peak pressure gradient of 93 mmHg and ‘moderate’ AS with 3.9 m/s peak velocity and mean pressure gradient of 26 mmHg. Coronary angiography did not indicate any significant coronary artery disease. The pressure gradients at LVOT and aortic valve were measured as 34 mmHg and 76 mmHg via a pressure wire-pullback analysis, respectively. Intravenous 2 mg propranolol and 70 mg cibenzoline were administered to minimize the LVOT obstruction. Subsequently, these pressure gradients changed to 2 mmHg and 96 mmHg, respectively. The patient was finally diagnosed with ‘severe’ AS concomitant with LVOT obstruction. Therefore, surgical aortic valve replacement and myectomy were performed to remove the double obstruction.DiscussionHerein, we present a case of ‘double’ LVOT obstruction due to dynamic myocardial component and fixed aortic component. Although the severity of AS is known to be influenced by LVOT obstruction, the present case is novel to demonstrate the phenomenon by using a pressure wire during pharmacological intervention. An accurate evaluation of the AS severity is important to provide adequate treatment. Therefore, the severity of AS should be evaluated while minimizing the LVOT obstruction.
Apparent treatment-resistant hypertension associated lifetime cardiovascular risk in a longitudinal national registry
Authors: Ebinger Joseph E , Kauko Anni ,   FinnGen, Bello Natalie A , Cheng Susan , Niiranen Teemu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Aims
Apparent treatment-resistant hypertension (aRH), wherein blood pressure elevation requires treatment with multiple medications, is associated with adverse cardiovascular events over the short-term. We sought to evaluate the degree of excess risk associated with aRH across the lifespan.

Methods and results
We identified all individuals with hypertension who were prescribed at least one anti-hypertensive medication from the FinnGen Study, a cohort of randomly selected individuals across Finland. We then identified the maximum number of concurrently prescribed anti-hypertensive medication classes prior to age 55 and classified those co-prescribed ≥4 anti-hypertensive medication classes as aRH. Using multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards models, we assessed the association of aRH well as the number of co-prescribed anti-hypertensive classes with cardiorenal outcomes across the lifespan. Among 48 721 hypertensive individuals, 5715 (11.7%) met the aRH criteria. Compared to those prescribed only one anti-hypertensive medication class, the lifetime risk of renal failure increased with the addition of each additional medication class, beginning with the second, while the risk of heart failure and ischaemic stroke increased after addition of the third drug class. Similarly, those with aRH suffered increased risk of renal failure (hazard ratio 2.30, 95% CI 2.00–2.65), intracranial haemorrhage (1.50, 1.08–2.05), heart failure (1.40, 1.24–1.63) cardiac death (1.79, 1.45–2.21), and all-cause death (1.76, 1.52–2.04).

Conclusion
Among individuals with hypertension, aRH that develops prior to mid-life is associated with substantially elevated cardiorenal disease risk across the lifespan.
Genomic Comparisons Reveal Selection Pressure and Functional Variation Between Nutritional Endosymbionts of Cave-Adapted and Epigean Hawaiian Planthoppers
Authors: Gossett Jordan M , Porter Megan L , Vasquez Yumary M , Bennett Gordon M , Chong Rebecca A 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPlanthoppers in the family Cixiidae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Fulgoromorpha) harbor a diverse set of obligate bacterial endosymbionts that provision essential amino acids and vitamins that are missing from their plant-sap diet. “Candidatus Sulcia muelleri” and “Ca. Vidania fulgoroidea” have been associated with cixiid planthoppers since their origin within the Auchenorrhyncha, whereas “Ca. Purcelliella pentastirinorum” is a more recent endosymbiotic acquisition. Hawaiian cixiid planthoppers occupy diverse habitats including lava tube caves and shrubby surface landscapes, which offer different nutritional resources and environmental constraints. Genomic studies have focused on understanding the nutritional provisioning roles of cixiid endosymbionts more broadly, yet it is still unclear how selection pressures on endosymbiont genes might differ between cixiid host species inhabiting such diverse landscapes, or how variation in selection might impact symbiont evolution. In this study, we sequenced the genomes of Sulcia, Vidania, and Purcelliella isolated from both surface and cave-adapted planthopper hosts from the genus Oliarus. We found that nutritional biosynthesis genes were conserved in Sulcia and Vidania genomes in inter- and intra-host species comparisons. In contrast, Purcelliella genomes retain different essential nutritional biosynthesis genes between surface- and cave-adapted planthopper species. Finally, we see the variation in selection pressures on symbiont genes both within and between host species, suggesting that strong coevolution between host and endosymbiont is associated with different patterns of molecular evolution on a fine scale that may be associated with the host diet.
Risk of Severe Hypoglycemia With Newer Second-line Glucose-lowering Medications in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Stratified by Known Indicators of Hypoglycemia Risk
Authors: Htoo Phyo T , Paik Julie M , Alt Ethan , Kim Dae Hyun , Wexler Deborah J , Kim Seoyoung C , Patorno Elisabetta 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Severe hypoglycemia is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. We evaluated the risk of severe hypoglycemia in older adults initiating newer glucose-lowering medications overall and across strata of known indicators of high hypoglycemia risk.

Methods
We conducted a comparative-effectiveness cohort study of older adults aged &gt;65 years with type 2 diabetes initiating sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) versus dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) or SGLT2i versus glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) using Medicare claims (3/2013–12/2018) and Medicare-linked-electronic health records. We identified severe hypoglycemia requiring emergency or inpatient visits using validated algorithms. After 1:1 propensity score matching, we estimated hazard ratios (HR) and rate differences (RD) per 1,000 person-years. Analyses were stratified by baseline insulin, sulfonylurea, cardiovascular disease (CVD), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and frailty.

Results
Over a median follow-up of 7 (interquartile range: 4–16) months, SGLT2i was associated with a reduced risk of hypoglycemia versus DPP-4i (HR 0.75 [0.68, 0.83]; RD −3.21 [−4.29, −2.12]), and versus GLP-1RA (HR 0.90 [0.82, 0.98]; RD −1.33 [−2.44, −0.23]). RD for SGLT2i versus DPP-4i was larger in patients using baseline insulin than in those not, although HRs were similar. In patients using baseline sulfonylurea, the risk of hypoglycemia was lower in SGLT2i versus DPP-4i (HR 0.57 [0.49, 0.65], RD −6.80 [−8.43, −5.16]), while the association was near-null in those without baseline sulfonylurea. Results stratified by baseline CVD, CKD and frailty were similar to the overall cohort findings. Findings for the GLP-1RA comparison were similar.

Conclusions
SGLT2i was associated with a lower hypoglycemia risk versus incretin-based medications, with larger associations in patients using baseline insulin or sulfonylurea.