bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation and Identification of Antagonistic Rhizobacteria and In vitro Evaluation of their Effectiveness against Postharvest Fungal Rot Pathogens of Apple (Malus domestica)
Authors: J. F. Ogunsola, , K. E. Ogunsola , O. E. Olukanni, , S. Salihu , C. J. Komolafe , C. C. Obi, , O. F. Adeniji 
Published: February 2025

Aims: Isolation and identification of rhizospheric bacteria with antifungal potential against four postharvest rot fungi of apple fruits were investigated.
Study Design: Completely Randomized Design (CRD) laid out in 10 (rhizospheric bacteria) by 4 (rot fungi) factorial, replicated three times.
Place and Duration of Study: Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Bells University of Technology, Ota Ogun State, Nigeria, between 2022 and 2023.
Methodology: Rhizobacteria were isolated from soils using serial dilution and pour plate method. The bacteria were identified using morphological, biochemical, and molecular approaches targeting16S rRNA partial gene sequences. Antagonistic activity of the bacterial isolates were assessed in vitro against Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Lt), Fusarium equiseti (Fe), Pennicillium species (Ps) and Curvularia aeria (Ca) isolated from apple fruits using dual culture procedure. Data were collected on percentage inhibition of radial growth (PIRG). The PIRG data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Results: Ten rhizobacteria viz: Pseudomonas lactis, Neobacillus kokaensis, Paenibacillus pabuli, Cryseobacterium indologens, Calidifontibacillus erzurumensis, Rossellomorea marisflavi, Bacillus aerius, Brevibacillus reusreri, Stenotrophomonas pavanii and Cytobacillus firmus were isolated. The inhibitory potential of these rhizobacteria against postharvest rot fungi varied (p =.01), with Calidifontibacillus erzurumensis producing highest inhibition of radial growth of Fe (74.5±16.2%), Lt (60.0±4.7%), Ps (60.6±5.2%) and Ca (52.9±5.9%).
Conclusion: Calidifontibacillus erzurumensis has the highest antifungal property against postharvest rot fungi of apple fruits indicating its potential for a sustainable postharvest pest management.
Eligibility Criteria of Randomized Clinical Trials in Critical Care Medicine
Authors: Heirali Alya , Heybati Kiyan , Sereeyotin Jariya , Khan Faizan , Yarnell Christopher , Krewulak Karla , Murthy Srinivas , Burns Karen E. A. , Fowler Robert , Fiest Kirsten , Mehta Sangeeta ,   Canadian Critical Care Trials Group, Rochwerg Bram N. , Tsang Jennifer LY 
Published: January 2025

ImportanceEligibility criteria for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are designed to select clinically relevant patient populations. However, not all eligibility criteria are strongly justified, potentially excluding marginalized groups, and limiting the generalizability of trial findings.ObjectiveTo summarize and evaluate the justification of exclusion criteria in published RCTs in critical care medicine.Evidence ReviewA systematic sampling review of parallel-group RCTs published in the top 5 general internal medicine journals by impact factor (The Lancet, New England Journal of Medicine, Journal of the American Medical Association, British Medical Journal, and Annals of Internal Medicine) between January 1, 2018, and February 23, 2023, was conducted. RCTs enrolling adults in intensive care units (ICUs) and RCTs enrolling critically ill patients who required life-sustaining interventions typically initiated in the ICU were included. All study exclusion criteria were categorized as either poorly justified, potentially justified, or strongly justified, adapting previously established criteria, independently and in duplicate.FindingsIn total, 225 studies were identified, 75 of which were included. The median (IQR) number of exclusion criteria per trial was 19 (14-24), with 1455 total exclusion criteria. Common exclusion criteria were related to the risk of adverse reaction to interventions (302 criteria [20.8%]), followed by inability to obtain consent (120 criteria [8.2%]), and treatment limitation decisions (97 criteria [6.7%]). Most exclusion criteria were either strongly justified (1080 criteria [74.2%]) or potentially justified (297 criteria [20.4%]), whereas 5.4% (78 criteria) were poorly justified. Of the 78 poorly justified exclusion criteria, the most common were pregnancy (19 criteria [24.4%]), communication barriers (11 criteria [14.1%]), lactation (10 criteria [12.8%]), and lack of health insurance (10 criteria [12.8%]). Overall, 45 of 75 studies (60.0%) had at least 1 poorly justified exclusion criteria.Conclusions and RelevanceMost exclusion criteria in critical care medicine RCTs were strongly justifiable. Across poorly justified criteria, the most common exclusions were pregnant or lactating persons, those with communication barriers, and individuals without health insurance. This highlights the need to carefully consider exclusion criteria when designing trials to minimize the inappropriate exclusion of participants and enhance generalizability.
Anthropometric Trajectories in Children Prior to Development of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Brusco De Freitas Maiara , Poulsen Gry Juul , Jess Tine 
Published: January 2025

ImportancePoor nutrition and growth in childhood have short-term and long-term consequences, so understanding the timing of the onset of an impaired nutritional status is crucial for diagnosing and treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) at its earliest stage.ObjectiveTo assess anthropometric trajectories before a pediatric diagnosis of IBD and growth recovery after diagnosis.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis population-based cohort study included children born in Denmark from January 1, 1997, through December 31, 2015, with weight and length or height measurements at birth and at least 1 length or height and weight measurement at school age based on the Danish Medical Birth Register and the Danish National Child Health Register. Within this population, all individuals diagnosed with IBD at ages 5 to 17 years, according to the Danish National Patient Register, were identified. Data were analyzed from October 13, 2023, to April 17, 2024.ExposureA pediatric diagnosis of IBD compared with the corresponding population without the disease.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe outcome measures were z scores for length or height, weight, and body mass index (BMI [calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared]) before and after pediatric IBD diagnosis compared with reference and sibling populations.ResultsThe final study population included 916 133 individuals (51.2% male) with a median of 3 pairs of length or height and weight measurements collected (IQR, 2-6 pairs). Of those, 1522 (median age, 14.3 years [IQR, 11.8-16.3 years]; 763 female [50.1%]) were diagnosed with IBD (851 [55.9%] with Crohn disease [CD] and 671 [44.1%] with ulcerative colitis [UC]). Compared with children without IBD, individuals with a later diagnosis of CD had declining anthropometric measures 3 years (weight: mean, −0.12 g [95% CI, −0.20 to −0.03 g]; BMI: mean, −0.13 [95% CI, −0.21 to −0.04]) and 1 year (length or height: mean, −0.20 cm [95% CI, −0.29 to −0.10 cm]) prior to diagnosis, whereas this was observed 1 year prior to a diagnosis of UC for weight (mean, −0.12 g [95% CI, −0.22 to −0.02 g]) and BMI (mean, −0.13 [95% CI, −0.23 to −0.03]). Deviating anthropometric patterns persisted after diagnosis, with the slowest recovery observed in children with CD.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this large-scale population-based cohort study of anthropometrics in children suggest impaired nutritional status as assessed by weight up to 3 years and by length or height 1 year before a diagnosis of CD and by weight up to 1 year before a diagnosis of UC. These findings emphasize that the onset of pediatric IBD may occur years prior to diagnosis, that growth recovery may first occur after diagnosis and treatment, and that frequent nutritional screenings may help ensure a healthy transition to adulthood.
Online correction of intrafraction motion during volumetric modulated arc therapy for prostate radiotherapy using fiducial‐based kV imaging: A cohort study quantifying the frequency of shifts and analysis of men at highest risk
Authors: Serra Lucas M. , Wu Tianming , Korpics Mark C. , Yenice Kamil , Liauw Stanley L. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundVarious methods exist to correct for intrafraction motion (IFM) of the prostate during radiotherapy. We sought to characterize setup corrections in our practice informed by the TrueBeam Advanced imaging package, and analyze factors associated with IFM.Methods132 men received radiation therapy for prostate cancer with a volumetric modulated arc therapy technique. All patients underwent planning CT immediately following transrectal placement of 3 fiducial markers. The most common RT course was 20 fractions (range: 17–44). Triggered kV images were acquired every 15 seconds over 2–3 full arcs using an onboard imaging system. IFM correction was considered when if any two fiducial markers in a single kV image were observed to be outside beyond a 3 mm tolerance margin. A manual 2D/3D match was performed using the fiducial markers from the single triggered kV image to obtain a suggested couch shift. Shift data for three (x, y, z) planes were extracted from the record and verify system and expressed as a single 3‐dimensional translation. Shift percent (SP) was defined as the number of instances of an intrafraction correction divided by the total number of fractions for a given patient.ResultsOver 2659 fractions of radiation, IFM was observed and corrected for 582 times across 463 (17%) fractions, and at least one shift was made over the course of treatment in 77% of men. Univariate analysis revealed that larger rectal volume or width, smaller prostate volume, and use of ADT were associated with SP > 20% (p < 0.05). Men with a rectal width >3.6 cm were more likely to have IFM corrected (SP > 20% 47% vs 18%, p = 0.0016). On multivariate analysis, only rectal volume and width were associated with IFM.ConclusionsIn this cohort study, 17% of fractions were interrupted to apply at least one couch shift. Men treated with shorter courses of therapy, such as stereotactic body radiation therapy, or men at high risk for IFM (e.g. larger rectal size) may warrant more careful consideration regarding the implications of IFM.
Robust Boron Nitride Metamaterials with Negative Poisson's Ratio for Dual Thermal Management Strategies
Authors: Tian Li , Gu Haodong , Zhang Qiuqi , You Xiao , Wang Mengmeng , Cai Feiyan , Dong Shaoming , Yang Jinshan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAerogel and its phase change composites are two reliable strategies for thermal management. However, the inherent instability of these porous structures hinders their further development and application. Herein, a robust boron nitride metamaterial (BNM) enhanced by the negative Poisson's ratio effect is proposed for dual thermal management strategies obtained by the sacrificial template method. The negative Poisson's ratio confers enhanced structural stability to the BNMs. On the one hand, the BNM exhibits resilience (5% residual strain after 100 cycles), temperature invariance, fire resistance, and thermal superinsulation at high temperatures (102.83 mW·m−1·K−1 at 1000 °C). On the other hand, the robust BNM overcomes structural deformation during the vacuum impregnation process to obtain isotropic phase change composites, achieving efficient thermal conductivity (1 W·m−1·K−1 with 4 vol% BNM) and thermal conductivity enhancement effect of 97%. These composites effectively encapsulate phase change materials, preventing liquefaction and leakage. This approach offers a reliable solution for simultaneously improving both the thermal management strategies.
A Nanoimmunoactivator Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Alleviates the Immunosuppression for Synergistic Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Huang Qingqing , Zhang Zhanzhan , Zhao Yu , Cao Xianghui , Li Qiushi , Feng Nana , Wu Xueyao , Wang Chun , Xiao Jian , Shi Linqi , Liu Yang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCancer immunotherapy has transformed the landscape of cancer treatment. However, the low immunogenicity and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) often limit the efficacy of immunotherapy. Activating immune responses while alleviating negative feedback regulation offers a promising strategy to enhance the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy. Herein, this work proposes a novel nanoparticle‐based immune activator (nanoIA), which can induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) of tumor cells and deliver small‐molecule immunomodulators to further enhance antitumor immune responses. NanoIA features a unique surface structure that enables it to induce ICD by targeting and retaining in the endoplasmic reticulum of tumor cells. Additionally, nanoIA can be loaded with various small‐molecule drugs and released in response to stimuli from the TME. This distinct capability enables nanoIA to initiate and amplify antitumor immune responses. This study employs two small‐molecule immunomodulators, JQ1 and NLG919, as examples for demonstration. NanoIA/JQ1 and nanoIA/NLG919 demonstrated significant efficacy in inhibiting tumor growth, prolonging survival in tumor‐bearing mice, and preventing tumor recurrence and metastasis. These results confirm nanoIA's ability to activate antitumor immune responses and induce immune memory. This work provides new insights into the development of nanoparticles that actively participate in immune regulation.
Hetero‐Anionic Oxychalcogenides with Structures and Properties Tuned by the O:S Ratio
Authors: Cui Shaoxin , Yang Shuoxing , Wu Hongping , Hu Zhanggui , Wang Jiyang , Wu Yicheng , Yu Hongwei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHetero‐anionic compounds containing two or more anions, their structures, and their properties are expected to be tunable through varying anionic ratios, yet their rational structural design is still a great challenge. Herein, it is reported that the first family of hetero‐anionic oxychalcogenides with their structures and properties are well‐tuned by the varied O:S ratios. These compounds consist of the trigonal Sr2(SnS4)2/3(SnOS3)1/3 (P3m1; O:S = 1:11), rhombohedral Sr2(GeS4)4/9(GeOS3)5/9 (R3; O:S = 1:6.2), orthorhombic Sr2[Ge(O0.89/S0.11)S3] (Ama2; O:S = 1:3.5), and orthorhombic Ba2(GeOS3)1/2(GeO2S2)1/2 (Pnma; O:S = 1:1.7), which are all considered as the derivatives of Sr2GeS4 with different O and S substitutions. The interesting structural transformation among them can be attributed to the “symmetry‐breaking” and “structure‐directing” properties of hetero‐anions. In addition, owing to the different electronegativity and polarizability of O and S atoms, the functional properties of these materials can be tuned based on the varied O:S ratios. Through rationally increasing the O:S ratio, an excellent infrared nonlinear optical crystal, Sr2[Ge(O0.89/S0.11)S3] exhibiting the best balance between large second harmonic generation response and wide band gap among all reported oxychalcogenides has been successfully designed. These will provide new insights for the rational design of hetero‐anionic functional materials, especially for the non‐centrosymmetric ones.
Bimodal In Situ Analyzer for Circular RNA in Extracellular Vesicles Combined with Machine Learning for Accurate Gastric Cancer Detection
Authors: Guo Yuhang , Luo Shihua , Liu Sinian , Yang Chao , Lv Weifeng , Liang Yuxin , Ji Tingting , Li Wenbin , Liu Chunchen , Li Xin , Zheng Lei , Zhang Ye 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCircular RNAs in extracellular vesicles (EV‐circRNAs) are gaining recognition as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of gastric cancer (GC). Most current research is focused on identifying new biomarkers and their functional significance in disease regulation. However, the practical application of EV‐circRNAs in the early diagnosis of GC is yet to be thoroughly explored due to the low accuracy of EV‐circRNAs analysis. In this study, a hybridization chain reaction system based on rectangular DNA framework guidance and constructing a bimodal EV‐circRNA in situ analyzer (BEISA) is developed. The analyzer can provide dual signal outputs in the fluorescence and electrochemical modes, enabling a self‐correcting detection mechanism that significantly improves the accuracy of the assay. It has a broad detection range and an extremely low limit of detection. In a clinical cohort study, the BEISA used four circRNAs as biomarkers, combining them with machine learning for multiparametric analysis, which effectively differentiated between healthy donors and patients with early‐stage GC. It is believed that the BEISA, in conjunction with machine learning technology, provides an efficient, sensitive, and reliable tool for EV‐circRNA analysis, aiding in the early diagnosis of GC.
Youthful Stem Cell Microenvironments: Rejuvenating Aged Bone Repair Through Mitochondrial Homeostasis Remodeling
Authors: Zhou Xinfeng , Tian Xin , Chen Jianan , Li Yantong , Lv Nanning , Liu Hao , Liu Tao , Yang Huilin , Chen Xi , Xu Yong , He Fan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractExtracellular matrix (ECM) derived from mesenchymal stem cells regulates antioxidant properties and bone metabolism by providing a favorable extracellular microenvironment. However, its functional role and molecular mechanism in mitochondrial function regulation and aged bone regeneration remain insufficiently elucidated. This proteomic analysis has revealed a greater abundance of proteins supporting mitochondrial function in the young ECM (Y‐ECM) secreted by young bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) compared to the aged ECM (A‐ECM). Further studies demonstrate that Y‐ECM significantly rejuvenates mitochondrial energy metabolism in adult BMMSCs (A‐BMMSCs) through the promotion of mitochondrial respiratory functions and amelioration of oxidative stress. A‐BMMSCs cultured on Y‐ECM exhibited enhanced multi‐lineage differentiation potentials in vitro and ectopic bone formation in vivo. Mechanistically, silencing of silent information regulator type 3 (SIRT3) gene abolished the protective impact of Y‐ECM on A‐BMMSCs. Notably, a novel composite biomaterial combining hyaluronic acid methacrylate hydrogel microspheres with Y‐ECM is developed, which yielded substantial improvements in the healing of bone defects in an aged rat model. Collectively, these findings underscore the pivotal role of Y‐ECM in maintaining mitochondrial redox homeostasis and present a promising therapeutic strategy for the repair of aged bone defects.
GABAergic Progenitor Cell Graft Rescues Cognitive Deficits in Fragile X Syndrome Mice
Authors: Wang Chen , Liu Jia‐Yu , Su Li‐Da , Wang Xin‐Tai , Bian Yu‐Peng , Wang Zhao‐Xiang , Ye Lu‐Yu , Lu Xin‐Jiang , Zhou Lin , Chen Wei , Yang Wei , Liu Jun , Wang Luxi , Shen Ying 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFragile X syndrome (FXS) is an inherited neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a range of clinical manifestations with no effective treatment strategy to date. Here, transplantation of GABAergic precursor cells from the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE) is demonstrated to significantly improve cognitive performance in Fmr1 knockout (KO) mice. Within the hippocampus of Fmr1‐KO mice, MGE‐derived cells from wild‐type donor mice survive, migrate, differentiate into functionally mature interneurons, and form inhibitory synaptic connections with host pyramidal neurons. MGE cell transplantation restores Ras‐PKB signaling in pyramidal neurons, enhances AMPA receptor trafficking, rescues synaptic plasticity, and corrects abnormal hippocampal neural oscillations. These findings highlight the potential of GABAergic precursor cell transplantation as a promising therapeutic strategy for FXS.
Skeletal and Adipose Manifestations of Stress in a Contemporary Pediatric Sample
Authors: O'Donnell Lexi , Corron Louise , Hill Ethan C. , Perez Jordan , O'Donnell Michael , Wyatt Bronwyn 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionAdverse experiences leading to physiological disruptions (stress) in early life produce cascade effects on various biological systems, including the endocrine and metabolic systems, which, in turn, shape the developing skeletal system. To evaluate the effects of stress on adipose and skeletal tissues, we examine the relationship between skeletal indicators of stress (porotic hyperostosis [PH] and cribra orbitalia [CO]), bone mineral density (BMD), vertebral neural canal (VNC) diameters, and adipose tissue distribution in a contemporary pediatric autopsy sample.MethodsData is from 702 (409 males, 293 females) individuals from a pediatric (0.5–20.9 years) autopsy sample from New Mexico who died between 2011 and 2022. Data includes visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in the abdomen, heart, and liver, CO/PH, VNC size of the fifth lumbar vertebra, and BMD.ResultsWe find that adipose tissue distribution and location are differentially associated with CO/PH, BMD, and VNC size; VNC size is smaller, and liver adiposity is higher in those with CO/PH. Further, increased VAT and small VNC size are associated with PH presence and low BMD. Body mass index categories do not correspond with porous cranial lesion presence.ConclusionsThis paper provides evidence for the complex relationship between skeletal markers of early‐life stress (CO/PH, reduced VNC size, low BMD) and endocrine system function. VAT distribution and VNC size are partly shaped by stressors during gestation, likely through alterations of the HPA axis. It is possible that alterations of the HPA axis due to gestational stress also shape the expression of porous cranial lesions during exposure to childhood stressors.
Long‐range inputome of prefrontal GABAergic interneurons in the Alzheimer's disease mouse
Authors: Ren Miao , Li Yuxiao , Jiang Tao , Liu Bimin , Li Xuhan , Jia Xueyan , Li Anan , Luo Qingming , Gong Hui , Li Xiangning 
Published: January 2025

AbstractINTRODUCTIONAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, characterized by damage to cortical circuits. However, the mechanisms underlying AD‐associated changes in long‐range circuits remain poorly understood.METHODSIn this study, we used viral tracing and fluorescence micro‐optical sectioning tomography (fMOST) imaging to investigate whole‐brain changes in the input circuit of the frontal cortex of 5×FAD mice.RESULTSPathological axonal degeneration was widely observed in upstream regions, including the cortex, hippocampus, and thalamus, across all AD brains examined. The proportion of input neurons projecting to parvalbumin‐expressing neurons, compared to those projecting to somatostatin‐expressing neurons, decreased in the hippocampus and basal forebrain. This decline was closely related to mouse age and the cell type of the presynaptic input neurons.DISCUSSIONThis study demonstrates the selective vulnerability of long‐range circuits in the prelimbic area in AD at the mesoscopic level, thereby enhancing our understanding of circuit architecture degeneration across the brain.Highlights
We used whole‐brain imaging with single‐cell resolution to generate brain‐wide input maps of the Alzheimer's disease mouse model.
The pathological changes in the input proportions showed relevance with the mouse age, distribution, and cell type of the presynaptic input neurons.
Compared to the cell body and dendrites of the medial prefrontal cortex input neurons, the pathological changes in the axonal structure are more extensive.