bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effective doses of ciprofol combined with alfentanil in inhibiting responses to gastroscope insertion, a prospective, single-arm, single- center clinical study
Authors: Wu Xiao-ru , Liao Min , Lin Xing-zhou , Hu Jia-ning , Zhao Tang-yuan-meng , Sun Hu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Ciprofol is a novel intravenous sedative and anesthetic. Studies have shown that it features a rapid onset of action, a fast recovery time, slight inhibition of respiratory and cardiovascular functions, and a low incidence of adverse reactions. This study aims to explore the median effective dose (ED50) and the 95% effective dose (ED95) of ciprofol in inhibiting responses to gastroscope insertion when combining with low dose alfentanil, and to evaluate its safety, to provide a reference for the rational use of ciprofol in clinical practices.
Methods: We included 25 patients aged 18-64 years of either sex who underwent gastroscopy under intravenous general anesthesia, with a Body Mass Index (BMI) 18-28 kg/m2, and an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade I or II. In this study, the dose-finding strategy of ciprofol followed a modified Dixon’s up-and-down method with an initial dose of 0.30 mg/kg and an increment of 0.02 mg/kg. Ciprofol was administered after intravenous injection of 7 µg/kg of alfentanil, and 2 minutes later a gastroscope was inserted. When the insertion response of one participant was positive (including body movement, coughing, and eye opening), an escalation of 0.02 mg/kg would be given to the next participant; otherwise, a de-escalation of 0.02 mg/kg would be administered. The study was terminated when negative response and positive response alternated 8 times. A Probit model was used to calculate the ED50 and ED95 of ciprofol in inhibiting responses to gastroscope insertion when combined with alfentanil. Patients' recovery time, discharge time, vital signs and occurrence of adverse reactions were recorded.
Results: The ED50 of single-dose intravenous ciprofol injection with 7 µg/kg of alfentanil in inhibiting gastroscope insertion responses was 0.217 mg/kg, and the ED95 was 0.247 mg/kg. Patients’ recovery time and discharge time were (11.04±1.49) minutes and (9.64±2.38) minutes, respectively. The overall incidence of adverse reactions was 12%.
Conclusion: The ED50 of ciprofol combined with 7 µg/kg of alfentanil in inhibiting gastroscope insertion responses was 0.217 mg/kg, and the ED95 was 0.247 mg/kg. Ciprofol showed a low incidence of anesthesia-related adverse events.
Registration: http://www.chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR2200061727).
Photobiostimulation conjugated with stem cells or their secretome for treatment of temporomandibular joint arthritis; a comparative study
Authors: El-Qashty Rana , Elkashty Osama A. , Hany Eman 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthritis is a debilitating, challenging condition and different methods have been implicated for its treatment. This study aimed to test the therapeutic potentials of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) associated with adipose derived stem cells (ADSC) or their derived secretome on a murine model induced arthritis.
Methods: Forty eight rats were divided into four groups where group I was the sham control, the rest of animals were subjected to arthritis induction using complete Freund’s adjuvant, then divided as follows: group II received phosphate buffered saline (PBS) intraarticular injection and irradiation of 0 j/cm2, group III received ADSCs derived secretome and irradiation of 38 j/cm2, and group IV received ADSCs and irradiation of 38 j/cm2 as well. One and three weeks after treatment, animals were euthanized and histological, histomorphometrical, histochemical, and immunohistochemical analysis were performed with the relevant statistical tests.
Results: The arthritis group showed histological signs of joint injury including cartilage atrophy, articular disc fibrosis, irregular osteochondral interface, and condylar bone resorption together with high inflammatory reaction and defective proteoglycan content. In contrast, the treated groups III and IV showed much restoration of the joint structure with normal cartilage and disc thickness. The inflammation process was significantly suppressed especially after three weeks, and the cartilage proteoglycan content was much enhanced. No significant difference between the results of the two treated groups was detected.
Conclusion: LLLT conjugated with ADSCs or ADSCs derived secretome can efficiently enhance the healing of arthritic TMJs. Stem cell secretome can be applied as a safe, potent therapy. However, further investigations are required to unravel its mechanism of action and pave its way as a safe, novel, cell free therapy.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders among Physical Therapists in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Authors: Le Thao Thi Thach , Jalayondeja Wattana , Mekhora Keerin , Bhuuanantanondh Petcharatana , Jalayondeja Chutima 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Understanding the risk factors linked to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) is crucial for enhancing health promotion and ensuring workplace safety among healthcare professionals particularly physical therapists (PTs). However, in Vietnam, there has been a lack of investigation into the relationship between risk factors and WMSDs among PTs. Therefore, this study was to determine whether potential risk factors contributed to the occurrence of WMSDs among PTs in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Vietnam.
Method: An online self-reported questionnaire on WMSDs was administered to PTs. They were enrolled into this study if they met the criteria: aged ≥22 years, having graduated from a PT program, a full-time job with at least one year of experience. To analyze the data, both unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined using logistic regression.
Results: Our study found that within the past 12 months, the prevalence of WMSDs was 76.4% (n=204/267): neck 58.4% and lower back 57.3%. Young PTs aged 20-29 years, limited education (<4 years), and short work experience (<7 years) had a 2-3 times higher risk of WMSDs. Adjusting for confounding variables, PTs who engaged in manual techniques/exercises, lifting/transferring patients, and maintaining awkward postures experienced a 5-7 times increased risk of WMSDs in the neck and lower back. Environmental factors, such as treatment tables, electrotherapy rooms, and the use of PTs modalities, and high stress were significantly associated with WMSDs. More than 50% of PTs adopted modified positions and implemented new treatment/techniques that did not aggravate their symptoms, as coping strategies.
Conclusions: This study identifies all potential risk factors associated with WMSDs, affecting the neck and lower back among PTs in Vietnam. We recommends that PTs and the organizations address these risk factors to improve PTs' overall health, retain skilled workers, and encourage them to continue working.
Pregnancy Outcomes and Maternal-Fetal Conditions in Patients with Autoimmune Diseases: A three-Year Prospective Study
Authors: Sun Meng , Zhu Manman , Wu Yibo , Xu Bingya 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Autoimmune disease is a nonnegligible factor of adverse pregnancy events. Our research aims to analyze the pregnancy outcomes and maternal-fetal conditions of patients diagnosed with AID, providing a comprehensive theoretical basis for clinical work.
Methods
90 pregnant women with autoimmune diseases who visited our hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were included as the observation group, 100 pregnant women without autoimmune diseases were enrolled as the control group during the same period. Clinical data were prospectively collected and analyzed.
Results
1. Totally 190 patients were included, the average age of the patients was 30.29 ± 3.68 years (ranging from 23 to 43), the average duration was 1.84 ± 2.81 years (varied from 0.5 to 20 years). 2. There were no significant differences in age, gravidity, and BMI distribution among both groups, while there were significant differences in parity, number of mis-carriage, duration of disease, times of hospitalization during pregnancy, clinical symptoms and bishop cervical score at admission, statistically. The parity and cervical score at admission in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group. The number of mis-carriage, the times of hospitalization during pregnancy and the positive clinical symptoms were significantly higher than those in the control group. 3. There were 185 live births (97%). The preterm birth rate of the observation group was 18.89% and the full-term birth rate was 77.78%, compared to 2% and 96% of the control group, with significant differences. Weight distribution of fetuses in the study was statistically different, However, here was no difference in sex distribution. 4. The assisted pregnancy of the observation group was higher, while the premature rupture rate of fetal membrane was lower than that of the control group. Incidence of hemorrhage, infection and fetal distress in utero were also statistically different between the two groups. 5. Age, gravidity, parity, duration of disease, delivery mode, pregnancy complications were all related to the outcome of pregnancy. The incidence of miscarriage, asphyxia in neonates and complications during pregnancy in the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group.
Conclusion
Pregnancy with autoimmune diseases leads to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Standardized management and multi-disciplinary cooperation are of great significance to improve maternal and fetal prognosis.
Bioactive Potential of Baby Corn Silk: in-vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Anti-diabetic, and Anti-gout Activities
Authors: HS Sahana , KG Vijayalaxmi , Chavan Mohan , Chavannavar Suvarna V , D Shobha 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
To analyse phytochemical composition, antioxidant potential, antimicrobial activity and α-amylase, α-glucosidase and xanthine oxidase inhibitory potential of corn silk extracts derived from the Syngenta 5414 corn variety.
Methods
Corn silk sample was lyophilized and extracted using 80% ethanol, methanol, water or acetone. Phytochemicals were qualitatively screened and bioactive compounds were identified through GCMS. Antimicrobial activities were evaluated using the agar well method for bacteria and fungal biomass method for fungi. The extracts were subjected to evaluation for their antidiabetic activity through α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory assays, while their anti-gout potential was assessed through xanthine oxidase inhibitory assay, encompassing all four solvent extracts in the study.
Results
Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, sterols, protein xanthoproteic, and cardiac glycosides in the extracts. The Folin-Ciocalteu and AlCl3 assays demonstrated higher yields of phenolics and flavonoids in 80% ethanolic extract. Furthermore, the extracts remarkably scavenged reactive oxygen species like DPPH, ABTS and elicited considerable ferric ion reducing antioxidant power. GC-MS analysis identified 21 compounds in the 80% ethanolic extract, with 1,2,3-Propanetriol-1-acetate, n-Hexadecanoic acid, and 4H-Pyran-4-one,2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl- as major components. Antimicrobial assays demonstrated the ethanolic (80%) and methanolic extract's remarkable ability to inhibit the growth of Gram-positive bacteria and exhibit anti-fungal properties. The ethanolic (80%) extract exhibited an IC50 value of 0.70 ± 0.02 and 0.71 ± 0.01 mg against α-amylase and α-glucosidase, respectively, and 33.76 ± 0.43 mg against xanthine oxidase.
Conclusion
Corn silk exhibits potential as a valuable reservoir of natural bioactive compounds endowed with a wide array of health-promoting properties.
Effect of Psychostimulant Medications on Physical Function in Children with Cerebral Palsy: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Alotaibi Mansour M. , Almutairi Anwar , Alhirsan Saleh M. , Alkazemi Afrah , Alharbi Maha , Alrashdi Naif Z. , Taqi Ahmed , Alamiri Bibi , Vogtle Laura , Alqahtani Mohammed M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background:
Cerebral palsy (CP) is prevalent non-progressive disorder that leads to impairment of movement (i.e., spasticity), posture, and balance, which affects movements that are required for functioning, such as walking and upper extremity tasks. Current medical treatments showed efficacy in improving motor performance but have considerable side effects. Emerging off-label use of central nervous system (CNS) medications for improving motor performance showed promising results in children with CP and other populations. The aim of this study was to describe a protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) to examine safety, tolerability, and efficacy of methylphenidate (MPH) and modafinil on spasticity and motor performance in children with CP.
Methods:
A protocol study for a pilot, triple-masked, and placebo controlled RCT (class I trial following the American Academy of Neurology criteria) with blinded patients, outcome assessors, and intervention delivery team. Eligible children should be diagnosed with CP levels I and II based on the gross motor function classification system aged between seven and 12 years. Thirty-six children with CP will be randomized into three groups to receive: a) MPH (2.5 mg of MPH + 100 mg placebo), b) modafinil (100mg modafinil + 2.5 placebo), and c) placebo group (2.5 mg and 100 mg placebo), in addition to physical therapy for 12. Primary outcomes include the gross motor function measure-66 and the modified Ashworth scale. Secondary outcomes include the timed-up and go, five time sit to stand test, modified clinical test for sensory interaction of balance, and ten-meter walk tests.
Discussion:
This study protocol outlines a pilot (RCT) aimed at assessing the impact of MPH and modafinil on motor performance and spasticity in children with CP. The study aims to establish the safety and tolerability of these medications and expects to observe improvements in motor function (GMFM–66 and MAS) in the MPH and modafinil groups compared to a placebo group. These potential improvements could enhance the overall quality of life for children with CP and may have cost-saving implications for healthcare systems by reducing the burden associated with CP-related motor impairments.
Trial Registration:
This trial was registered in clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05675098).
Comparing Health Literacy, Health Anxiety and Coping Strategies of Nursing and Child Development Students
Authors: ELKİN Nurten , SARIKAVAK Talat 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
This study addresses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on both physical and mental well-being, focusing on health literacy, health anxiety levels, and coping mechanisms among students enrolled in nursing and child development programs at Istanbul Gelisim University.
Methods
Recognizing potential disparities in medical knowledge, the research encompasses nursing and child development students. The assessment tools employed include the Turkish versions of the Health Anxiety Inventory, COPE Inventory, and Turkish Health Literacy Scale (TSOY-32).
Results
Between September 2022 and December 2022, a total of 357 students participated in the research, with 49.3% (n = 174) enrolled in Child Development. Predominantly female (83.7%, n = 295), students from both departments displayed no significant differences concerning health anxiety and health literacy. However, the nursing group exhibited notably higher employment of denial and humor coping strategies. Coping strategies with the most considerable impact on health anxiety encompassed positive reinterpretation, emotional release through focus and ventilation, denial, and humor.
Conclusion
Findings from the study indicate comparable levels of health literacy across departments, albeit with variance based on academic level. The divergence in coping strategies is attributed to the demographics and social characteristics of the sample population, coupled with their age.
Translation and Psychometric Analysis of Urdu Version of Modified Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Health Related Quality of Life Questionnaire (MPCOSQ-U)
Authors: Zaman Rabbiya , Ehsan Sarah , Fatima Abeer , Obaid Sumaiyah , Shahzadi Javeria 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome is a metabolic disorder prevalent among females of reproductive age. The symptoms of PCOS profoundly affect the quality of life of these females. Outcome measures specific to PCOS are crucial to the management of these patients. The MCPOSQ is a validated tool to measure the health-related quality of life specific to PCOS. The purpose of this study was to translate the modified polycystic ovary syndrome quality of life questionnaire (MPCOSQ) and to determine the reliability and validity of the modified polycystic ovary syndrome quality of life questionnaire Urdu version (MPCOSQ-U).
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Islamabad/Rawalpindi. The MPCOSQ was translated to Urdu and validated by expert gynaecologists. The MPCOSQ-U and SF-36 were administered to one hundred eighty females with PCOS. The MPCOSQ-U was evaluated for internal consistency, test-retest reliability, factor analysis, face validity, content validity and construct validity.
Results: The average age (years) of the females was 25.27(1.83). The MPCOSQ-U showed excellent test-retest reliability and internal consistency (ICC2,1=0.95, Cronbach’s α=0.97). The content validity index (CVI) was 0.92. There was a statistically significant but weak positive correlation between MPCOSQ-U and SF-36 (r=.186, p=.012).
Conclusion: The Urdu version of the modified version of the polycystic ovarian syndrome quality of life questionnaire is a validated and reliable tool to assess the quality of life of Pakistani females with PCOS. This is an important step to cover the language barrier, which influences the outcome assessment in PCOS.
The identity of the benefits of the medical insurance system among the medical insurance- related professionals: A cross-sectional study of a northern city in China
Authors: Zhou Zili , Shan Linghan , Li Ye , Zhang Xin , Wang Jiahui , Jiao Mingli , Hao Yanhua , Liu Huan , Chen Yanguang , Wu Qunhong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background:
The identity of the benefits of medical insurance system (IBMIS) can reflect the quality of the implementation of medical insurance policies and is valuable feedback during the deepening reform phase of medical insurance system（MIS）. This research aims to analyze the factors affecting IBMIS from the perspective of medical insurance-related professionals and to propose corresponding policy recommendations.
Methods:
In 2021, we conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire survey (n=1829) in Heilongjiang Province to obtain the data. Interviewees were selected by multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling. A binary logistic regression model was used to determine the factors affecting the IBMIS.
Results:
Overall, 66% (1,207) of medical insurance-related professionals had a high IBMIS. The logistic regression model showed that high IBMIS was positively correlated with the following dimensions: policy capacity (OR=1.562), financial burden (OR=1.512), and convenience (OR=1.300). The seven significant influencing factors (P<0.05) of the high IBMIS include: “Relief of financial burden for people with serious diseases”（OR=2.341）, “Medical insurance's ability to solve major problems that people expect” （OR=1.604）, “Governance capacity of the medical insurance administrative agencies and management Institution” （OR=1.499）, “Effectiveness of governance for off-site medical reimbursement issues”（OR=1.436）, “Effectiveness of medical insurance Payment Reform” （OR=1.399）, “The extent of information construction of medical insurance” （OR=1.361）, “Equity of medical insurance system policies” （OR=0.753）。
Conclusion:
The government should focus on reforming the medical insurance system in the following three areas: First, the management sector of medical insurance needs to continue to enhance its policy capacity, especially its ability to address the difficulties of the insured and its ability to collaborate in governance; second, it should continue to improve the affordability of out-of-pocket expenses for patients with serious diseases and expand the scope of reimbursement under the MIS to relieve the insured's financial burden; third, by strengthening the medical insurance infrastructure, the settlement service for medical treatment in other places will be made more convenient.
Soluble programmed cell death 1 protein is a promising biomarker to predict severe liver inflammation in chronic hepatitis B patients
Authors: Ou Mingrong , Zhang Weiming , Pan Jie , Guo Jianmin , Huang Rui , Wang Jian , Liu Jiacheng , Xia Juan , Wu Chao , Chen Yuxin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background and Aims: Liver inflammation is important in guiding the initiation of antiviral treatment and affect the disease progression of chronic hepatitis B(CHB). Soluble programmed cell death 1 protein(sPD-1) was upregulated in inflammatory, infectious diseases and correlated with disease severity. We aimed to investigate the correlation between serum sPD-1 and liver inflammation in CHB patients and role in indicating liver inflammation.
Methods: 241 CHB patients who underwent a liver biopsy were enrolled. Correlation between sPD-1 levels and the degree of liver inflammation was analyzed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed to analyze independent variables of severe liver inflammation. Binary logistic regression was conducted to construct the predictive model for severe liver inflammation, and receiver operator characteristic curve(ROC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the predictive model.
Results: sPD-1 was the highest in CHB patients with severe liver inflammation, which was higher than that in CHB patients with mild or moderate liver inflammation(P<0.001). Besides, sPD-1 was weakly correlated with AST(r=0.278, P<0.001). Multivariable analysis showed that sPD-1 was an independent predictor of severe liver inflammation. The predictive model contained sPD-1 had an area under the ROC(AUROC) of 0.917 and 0.921 in predicting severe liver inflammation in CHB patients and CHB patients with ALT≤1×upper limit of normal(ULN), respectively.
Conclusions: Serum sPD-1 is associated with liver inflammation in CHB patients, and high levels of sPD-1 reflect severe liver inflammation. Serum sPD-1 is an independent predictor of severe liver inflammation and shows improved diagnostic accuracy when combined with other clinical indicators.