bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acquisition and carriage of genetically diverse multi-drug resistant gram-negative bacilli in hospitalised newborns in The Gambia
Authors: Bah Saikou Y. , Kujabi Mariama A. , Darboe Saffiatou , Kebbeh Ngange , Kebbeh Bunja F. K. , Kanteh Abdoulie , Bojang Ramatouille , Lawn Joy E. , Kampmann Beate , Sesay Abdul K. , de Silva Thushan I. , Brotherton Helen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
This detailed genomic study characterised multi-drug resistant-Gram negative bacilli (MDR-GNB) carriage in neonates < 2 kg and paired mothers at a low-resource African hospital.

Methods
This cross-sectional cohort study was conducted at the neonatal referral unit in The Gambia with weekly neonatal skin and peri-anal sampling and paired maternal recto-vaginal swabs. Prospective bacteriological culture used MacConkey agar with species identification by API20E and API20NE. All GNB isolates underwent whole genome sequencing on Illumina Miseq platform. Multi-Locus Sequence Typing and SNP-distance analysis identified strain type and relatedness.

Results
135 swabs from 34 neonates and 21 paired mothers, yielded 137 GNB isolates, of which 112 are high quality de novo assemblies. Neonatal MDR-GNB carriage prevalence is 41% (14/34) at admission with 85% (11/13) new acquisition by 7d. Multiple MDR and ESBL-GNB species are carried at different timepoints, most frequently K. pneumoniae and E. coli, with heterogeneous strain diversity and no evidence of clonality. 111 distinct antibiotic resistance genes are mostly beta lactamases (Bla-AMPH, Bla-PBP, CTX-M-15, Bla-TEM-105). 76% (16/21) and 62% (13/21) of mothers have recto-vaginal carriage of ≥1 MDR-GNB and ESBL-GNB respectively, mostly MDR-E. coli (76%, 16/21) and MDR-K. pneumoniae (24%, 5/21). Of 21 newborn-mother dyads, only one have genetically identical isolates (E. coli ST131 and K. pneumoniae ST3476).

Conclusions
Gambian hospitalised neonates exhibit high MDR and ESBL-GNB carriage prevalence with acquisition between birth and 7d with limited evidence supporting mother to neonate transmission. Genomic studies in similar settings are required to further understand transmission and inform targeted surveillance and infection prevention policies.
Performance evaluation of hard‐decision and soft‐data aided cooperative spectrum sensing over Nakagami‐m fading channel
Authors: Godugu Kiran Kumar , Vappangi Suseela 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe secondary users can opportunistically utilize the spectrum holes left by the licensed users (also called primary users [PUs]) with the help of cognitive radio (CR) technology. The cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) is crucial for the implementation of CR algorithms in the next‐generation wireless networks, for the specific identification of spectral gaps of PUs under any fading/shadowing channel. Accurate spectrum sensing reveals that the CUs only provide data when the PUs report being idle. Yet, there is always a possibility that CU transmission will cause interference with PU communications, leading to inefficient spectrum use. So, this work explores the performance of a proposed CSS by considering such factors with the key objective of enhancing spectrum utilisation efficiency. This paper evaluates the role of the proposed CSS with a variety of hard decision fusion rules (HDFR) schemes as well as soft data fusion schemes (SDFS) methods. Toward this end, for the proposed system, closed‐form expressions for the evaluation of various performance metrics such as the false alarm, miss‐detection probabilities, total error probability (TEP), and throughput/energy efficiency are derived by taking into consideration the Nakagami‐m fading environment using different hard and soft algorithms and are validated by means of numerical simulations. Furthermore, by taking into account various network specifications, such as channel error probability (q), fading severity parameter (m), number of samples (M), number of CR nodes (N), average sensing (S) channel signal‐to‐noise ratio, and sensing threshold (λ), a performance evaluation between the SDFS and HDFR schemes has been carried out. Furthermore, using HDFR/SDFS schemes, analytical models are formulated for determining an optimal number of CR nodes () and optimal threshold () values for achieving the lowest TEP and highest energy efficiency.
Design and modelling of a two‐degrees‐of‐freedom dual‐rotor axial‐flux squirrel cage induction motor
Authors: Soheili Poria , Darabi Ahmad , Pourmirzaei Deylami Fazel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA two‐degrees‐of‐freedom (2DOF) dual‐rotor axial‐flux induction motor (2DOF‐DRAFIM) is proposed with independent movement capability of rotors and its performance is evaluated in detail. First, using the analytical equations, the steady‐state model of the motor is presented and the electrical equivalent circuit is extracted along with an electromagnetic design algorithm for the proposed motor. In the next step, using two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional finite element modelling (FEM), the performance of the proposed motor is investigated. The results of the experimental measurements on the manufactured prototype confirm the validity of the results of theoretical modelling and finite element simulations. The proposed structure provides some unique features. One of the fascinating behaviours of the proposed 2DOF‐DRAFIM is that the higher‐speed rotor produces higher output torque and the lower‐speed rotor has lower torque. In this regard, the 2DOF structure can be considered a potential concept for electric vehicles (EVs) without needing a conventional mechanical differential.
An energy optimal schedule method for distribution network considering the access of distributed generation and energy storage
Authors: Liu Keyan , Sheng Wanxing , Li Zhao , Liu Fang , Liu Qianyi , Huang Yucong , Li Yong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe access of large‐scale distributed generation (DG) easily leads to energy imbalance in distribution network. To deal with this issue, this paper proposes an energy optimal schedule method for distribution network considering the participation of source‐load‐storage aggregation groups (SAGs). Firstly, the system model consisting of distribution network layer and SAGs layer is established, and the schedule objectives and constraints of each layer are also given. Secondly, considering the fluctuation on the load side, a forecasting method based on Adaboost integrated convolutional neural networks and bidirectional long‐short term memory is proposed. Then, the improved sparrow search algorithm (ISSA) is proposed by using the tent map and Levy flight on the original sparrow search algorithm. At the same time, by introducing Pareto dominance relation and adaptive grid algorithm, the multi‐objective sparrow search algorithm (MOSSA) is derived. After that, a two‐layer optimization framework (ISSA–MOSSA) is proposed to solve the studied system. The simulation results verify the accuracy of the proposed load forecasting model, the superiority of ISSA as well as MOSSA, and the effectiveness of ISSA–MOSSA in solving the energy optimal schedule problem of the distribution system with the access of DG.
Communicational aspects in hierarchical real‐time control of electric vehicle charging: Available information and its value
Authors: Simolin Toni , Rauma Kalle , Rautiainen Antti , Järventausta Pertti 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSmart electric vehicle (EV) charging is a widely studied topic, and multiple different solutions have been proposed in the scientific literature to execute various demand response objectives. However, most studies use assumptions and simplifications that may not hold in real‐life situations, and thus, the proposed solutions may have a diminished practical value. Here, communicational aspects of hierarchical EV charging control are studied. The study considers the availability, acquisition, and value of certain information in case of real‐time control. The paper illustrates potential pitfalls when using certain assumptions or simplifications in the simulations and proposes a novel algorithm to deal with the lack of preliminary information that exists in real‐life situations. The objective of the proposed algorithm is to allow a lower‐layer controller to track the real‐time controllability of the EVs. This information is necessary in hierarchical control solutions with multiple lower‐layer controllers controlled by an upper‐layer controller to ensure efficient operation. The simulation results shows that a lower layer controller can estimate the controllability of the EV charging in realistic conditions within 1%–4 % accuracy despite the initially unknown characteristics of EVs.
A new approach to the design of surface subsystems of polymeric insulators for HV and MV apparatus under AC voltage
Authors: Montanari Gian Carlo , Nath Debasish , Cambareri Pasquale 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe design of high voltage and medium voltage AC and DC standoff insulators, and, in general, of insulation systems where surface and interface properties are predominant factors, is based on specifications and standards that rely upon long‐term experiences and lab testing. Surface insulating properties depend on electrical and thermal stresses, besides environmental factors, and the inception of extrinsic ageing phenomena, such as partial discharges, can be already a cause of reduced reliability and premature failure (for organic insulating materials). An innovative approach, based on field simulation, discharge modelling, and partial discharge inception measurements is presented by the authors, which can establish a solid basis to optimise insulation design for any type of supply voltage waveform. This method, the three‐leg approach, is applied here to a cable system under AC sinusoidal voltage, but it can work for any type of insulation system, such as bushings, switch gears, transformers, rotating machines, and power electronics boards.
Dynamic optimal power flow for multi‐operator renewable energy‐based virtual power plants
Authors: Basu Mousumi , Jena Chitralekha , Khan Baseem 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRecently, infiltration of distributed energy resources (DERs) is augmented considerably to upsurge network flexibility, better economic indicator, and reduced power loss. But integration of different DERs may cause challenges in power grid. To overwhelmed these challenges and obtain maximum advantage of DERs, virtual power plant's concept has been emerged. Virtual power plants (VPPs) has the capacity to partake in electricity market and rivalry of VPPs to achieve more profit, deregulated multi‐operator markets are developed. This paper suggests dynamic optimum power flow (DOPF) for multi‐operator VPPs considering demand side management (DSM) and uncertainty of renewable energy sources. VPPs with different proprietorships are interconnected with each other by tie lines. Each VPP has small hydro power plants (SHPPs), solar PV plants (SPVPs), wind turbine generators (WTGs), bioenergy power plant (BPPs), and plug‐in electric vehicles (PEVs). VPP 1 comprises IEEE 33‐bus system, VPP 2 comprises 15‐bus system, and VPP 3 comprises IEEE 69‐bus system. Bottlenose dolphin optimizer (BDO), HPSO‐TVAC, and GWO have been applied to solve DOPF problem and maximize the net profit of multi‐operator VPPs.
Influence of non‐ideal line‐reflect‐match calibration standards on vector network analyzer S‐parameter measurements
Authors: Zhao Wei , Cheng Chunyue , Yang Chao , Xiao Jiankang , Wang Yibang , Huo Ye 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper, an improved two‐step method is presented for the sensitivity analysis of vector network analyzer (VNA) S‐parameter measurements due to the non‐ideal line‐reflect‐match (LRM) calibration standards. This improved method is based on the indirect uncertainty propagation mechanism, which is especially suitable for the S‐parameter measurements applying the self‐calibration technique. To further simplify the formula derivation, the deviation matrices [δA] and [δB] are newly defined to represent the uncertainties of the T‐matrices of error boxes. With this definition, formulas for the deviations of device under test (DUT) S‐parameters can be concluded as functions of [δA] and [δB] in a concise form. Eventually, by solving only three linear combinations of the elements from [δA] and [δB], the sensitivity coefficients of DUT S‐parameters due to non‐ideal LRM can be conveniently deduced in an analytical form. Finally, experiments are performed to verify the proposed method.
Financing the orderly transition to a low carbon economy in the EU: the regulatory framework for the banking channel
Authors: Nieto María J. , Papathanassiou Chryssa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAmong the largest economies of the world, the EU not only has set the most ambitious and legally binding objectives for the reduction of the GHG emissions but also it has accompanied these objectives with a “state of the art” regulatory framework in the realms of investor protection and safety and soundness. Our paper focuses on the bank financing channel and highlights regulatory areas for improvement. To mobilize the necessary funds worldwide, a degree of interoperability of regional taxonomies is required, which calls for international cross-pollination and coordination to mitigate financial risks and the risk of harmful market fragmentation (BCBS 2022, FSB 2022). Also, the full interoperability between the international and the EU corporate reporting standards is a desirable objective. A building bloc methodological approach would make such interoperability easier having the sustainability impact perspective of the “double materiality objective” as an additional layer of the international requirements well understood to all investors in EU undertakings. As per the inclusion of climate risks in prudential regulation, it is completed for Pillar 3 disclosures relating effectively with the EU Taxonomy. Climate risk’s long-term horizon still needs to be implemented in Pillar 2 by linking bank transition plans with stress testing based on climate risk scenario analysis covering both transition and physical risk. The inclusion of climate risks in Pillar 1 faces challenges similar to those of supervisors internationally. Fostering global ambition is an explicit objective of the EU. Its leadership on the realms of investor protection and prudential regulation of climate risks should ideally inform international cooperation and impregnate international standards. This will secure that investments for the fulfillment of the EU climate objectives will flow from in and outside the EU.
The assessment of the quality of campus public spaces as key parts of the learning landscape: experience from a crowdsensing study on the Third Campus of Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
Authors: Działek Jarosław , Homiński Bartłomiej , Miśkowiec Magdalena , Świgost-Kapocsi Agnieszka , Gwosdz Krzysztof 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe learning landscape concept reflects shifts in the methods of learning and conducting research in universities. Public spaces within university campuses should constitute an essential component of the learning landscape as arenas of planned and serendipitous encounters, which may foster creativity and trans-disciplinary networking. However, their spatial configurations remain an under-researched topic. This paper assesses the quality of public spaces on campus based on the results of a crowdsensing survey. The Third Campus of Jagiellonian University in Krakow was selected as a case study; this is one of the largest projects of this kind carried out in Poland since the political and economic transformation of 1989. The behaviour of users provides evidence of the generally low quality of the public spaces despite the advantages of the urban layout of the campus. The paper proposes recommendations that may bring the spatial organisation of the campus closer to a fully fledged learning landscape.
Wicked problems in a post-truth political economy: a dilemma for knowledge translation
Authors: Tieu Matthew , Lawless Michael , Hunter Sarah C. , Pinero de Plaza Maria Alejandra , Darko Francis , Mudd Alexandra , Yadav Lalit , Kitson Alison 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe discipline of knowledge translation (KT) emerged as a way of systematically understanding and addressing the challenges of applying health and medical research in practice. In light of ongoing and emerging critique of KT from the medical humanities and social sciences disciplines, KT researchers have become increasingly aware of the complexity of the translational process, particularly the significance of culture, tradition and values in how scientific evidence is understood and received, and thus increasingly receptive to pluralistic notions of knowledge. Hence, there is now an emerging view of KT as a highly complex, dynamic, and integrated sociological phenomenon, which neither assumes nor creates knowledge hierarchies and neither prescribes nor privileges scientific evidence. Such a view, however, does not guarantee that scientific evidence will be applied in practice and thus poses a significant dilemma for KT regarding its status as a scientific and practice-oriented discipline, particularly within the current sociopolitical climate. Therefore, in response to the ongoing and emerging critique of KT, we argue that KT must provide scope for relevant scientific evidence to occupy an appropriate position of epistemic primacy in public discourse. Such a view is not intended to uphold the privileged status of science nor affirm the “scientific logos” per se. It is proffered as a counterbalance to powerful social, cultural, political and market forces that are able to challenge scientific evidence and promote disinformation to the detriment of democratic outcomes and the public good.
Development of an atmospheric fluorocarbon plasma jet generated by pulse modulated microwave discharge
Authors: CHEN Sile , REN Xinliu , CHEN Zhaoquan , XU Xiaojuan , CHENG Tao , LI Ping , ZHANG Guanjun , LU Xinpei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Atmospheric fluorocarbon plasma plays an important role in the surface modification of insulating materials like polymers. The existing fluorocarbon plasma is usually generated by dielectric barrier discharge, which has a low concentration of reactive species and may cause insufficient surface fluorination. This work attempts to develop an atmospheric fluorocarbon plasma jet using a coaxial transmission line resonator by microwave discharge with locally enhanced electric field and high density. The gas temperature is reduced by pulse modulation technology. Three kinds of working gases, pure CF4, Ar/CF4 and He/CF4, are utilized to generate the atmospheric microwave fluorocarbon plasma jet. The discharge images, optical emission spectra, electron densities and gas temperatures are studied experimentally. The results show that the Ar/CF4 plasma jet has the best comprehensive performance, such as strong discharge intensity and controllable gas temperature. The electron density of the Ar/CF4 plasma jet has a magnitude of 1020 m−3, indicating a higher density than that of the frequently used dielectric barrier discharge. With the other conditions unchanged, the gas temperature at the end of the Ar/CF4 plasma jet can be reduced from 410.2 to 347.3 K by decreasing the duty cycle of the modulated pulse from 0.5 to 0.1. Thence, the microwave Ar/CF4 plasma jet is considered to be a promising fluorocarbon plasma source for surface fluorination of polymers.
Ionization wave propagation and cathode sheath formation due to surface dielectric-barrier discharge sustained in pulsed mode
Authors: GIOTIS Konstantinos , SVARNAS Panagiotis , AMANATIDES Eleftherios , GAZELI Kristaq , LOMBARDI Guillaume , PAPADOPOULOS Polykarpos K 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This work deals with the experimental study of a surface dielectric-barrier discharge, as a part of the ongoing interest in the control of plasma induced electro-fluid dynamic effects (e.g. plasma actuators). The discharge is generated using a plasma reactor consisting of a fused silica plate which is sandwiched between two printed circuit boards where the electrodes are developed. The reactor is driven by narrow high voltage square pulses of asymmetric rising (25 ns) and falling (2.5 μs) parts, while the discharge evolution is considered in a temporarily and spatially resolved manner over these pulses. That is, conventional electrical and optical emission analyzes are combined with high resolution optical emission spectroscopy and ns-resolved imaging, unveiling main characteristics of the discharge with a special focus on its propagation along the dielectric-barrier surface. The voltage rising part leads to cathode-directed ionization waves, which propagate with a speed up to 105 m s−1. The voltage falling part leads to cathode sheath formation on the driven electrode. Τhe polarization of the dielectric barrier appears critical for the discharge dynamics.
Enhanced surface-insulating performance of EP composites by doping plasma-fluorinated ZnO nanofiller
Authors: DUAN Qijun , SONG Yanze , SHAO Shuai , YIN Guohua , RUAN Haoou , XIE Qing 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The surface flashover of epoxy resin (EP) composites is a pivotal problem in the field of high-voltage insulation. The regulation of the interface between the filler and matrix is an effective means to suppress flashover. In this work, nano ZnO was fluorinated and grafted using low-temperature plasma technology, and the fluorinated filler was doped into EP to study the DC surface flashover performance of the composite. The results show that plasma fluorination can effectively inhibit the agglomeration by grafting –CF
x
groups onto the surface of nano-ZnO particles. The fluorine-containing groups at the interface provide higher charge binding traps and enhance the insulation strength at the interface. At the same time, the interface bond cooperation caused by plasma treatment also promoted the accelerating effect of nano ZnO on charge dissipation. The two effects synergistically improve the surface flashover performance of epoxy composites. When the concentration of fluorinated ZnO filler is 20%, the flashover voltage has the highest increase, which is 31.52% higher than that of pure EP. In addition, fluorinated ZnO can effectively reduce the dielectric constant and dielectric loss of epoxy composites. The interface interaction mechanism was further analyzed using molecular dynamics simulation and density functional theory simulation.