bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New genotyping rescues old phenotypes: beneficial traits in Heterorhabditis bacteriophora wild type material and association to single nucleotide polymorphisms
Authors: Godina Giulia , Vandenbossche Bart , Centurión Alejandra , Dörfler Verena , Barg Mike , Ehlers Ralf-Udo , Molina Carlos 
Published: June 2023

Summary
The entomopathogenic nematode (EPN), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, is a biocontrol agent with almost world-wide distribution, thus providing a huge source of biodiversity available for exploitation in breeding programmes to improve beneficial traits. For management of economically important insect pests, the nematode is mass-produced in liquid culture, formulated with inert carriers, and transported under controlled temperature conditions to maintain its quality. The biocontrol potential of nematode materials is defined by their genetic background. Previous reports have assessed the phenotypic plasticity of H. bacteriophora. Major beneficial traits are field efficacy influenced by their virulence, longevity and field persistence and tolerance to abiotic stresses like oxidative stress, desiccation and extreme low and high temperatures. For several of these traits high heritability values (h2) have been reported, providing a platform for trait improvement by selection. Modern breeding uses molecular markers to track beneficial traits. Recent studies reported hundreds of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in H. bacteriophora. This investigation revived a large set of cryopreserved wild types, hybrids and phenotyped materials of H. bacteriophora. Additional phenotypic data on the virulence (LC50) of H. bacteriophora strains against mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) were produced ranging from 1.4 ± 0.3 to 8.0 ± 3.6 nematodes per insect. Markers linked to beneficial traits were used for a comprehensive genotype analysis transferring reported SNP sequence information into the multiplex platform SeqSNP. Specific alleles associated to beneficial traits were identified and 65 materials were classified for the presence of relevant SNPs associated to beneficial traits. This information provides a valuable platform for exploitation of the nematode’s biodiversity for future breeding and selection approaches.
Erasmus among the Dialecticians: Copia and Its Discontents
Authors: Ettenhuber Katrin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Erasmus’ sceptical attitude towards the discipline of dialectic in his early writings is well known. In this article, I revisit Erasmus’ relationship with the arts of reasoning, tracing a trajectory from The Praise of Folly and De Copia to his final work, Ecclesiastes. Erasmus’ treatise on preaching, I suggest, develops a new approach to copious speech and writing by combining the resources of rhetoric and dialectic, in dialogue with the textbooks on the arts of discourse that had appeared in the 25 years since the composition of The Praise of Folly.
Thomas Robertson and the Pedagogical Uses of Erasmus in Early Tudor Grammar Schools
Authors: Juhász-Ormsby Ágnes 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Erasmus’ educational theories were popularized during the first half of the sixteenth century by a group of Tudor educators, who used the medium of elementary Latin grammars and introductory phrasebooks to offer practical tools for a multilingual literary culture that would come to full fruition in the second half of the sixteenth century. Their teaching notes and school commentaries that survive in their annotated textbooks provide a valuable source with which to trace how Erasmian methods of teaching were actually put into practise. Among these early educators is an obscure figure of English educational history, Thomas Robertson (fl. c. 1520–1561), headmaster of Magdalen College School in Oxford from 1526 to 1531, who devised the most thorough and comprehensive Erasmian program in his annotated edition of William Lily’s elementary grammar De Latinorum nominum generibus (Basel: Johann Bebel, 1532). In many ways, Robertson’s edition of Lily’s grammar epitomizes Erasmus’ grammatical encyclopedism expounded in De ratione studii and De duplici copia verborum ac rerum commentarii duo, which inadvertently resulted in a fundamental reinterpretation of textual studies in the Tudor classroom. It furthermore testifies to Robertson’s efforts to promote Erasmus’ trilingual ideal: a parallel Latin and Greek instruction, which was extended even to basic Hebrew from an early age.
Reframing the Human-Fish in the Edo and Meiji Periods
Authors: Castiglioni Andrea 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This article explores the history of a marine zoo-anthropomorphic hybrid, the human-fish (ningyo), within the socioreligious mindscape of Japan from the second half of the seventeenth to the end of the nineteenth century. Because of the interspecific anatomy attributed to them, ningyo have always been addressed from heterogeneous perspectives (religious, literary, political, erotic, scientific) and have thus been subject to continuous hermeneutic oscillations between the fringes and the centers of human/nonhuman networks. Focusing on this bidirectional process, the present study aims to shed light on the phenomenon of the ningyo, taking into account the material culture (taxidermic items, printed talismans), practices (sideshows, public exhibitions), and social actors (itinerant ritualists, scientists, politicians) that conceptually informed and anatomically reified this liminal marine creature.
Geographies and Histories of World Literature in Interwar Italian Magazines
Authors: Billiani Francesca 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This article adopts a historiographical approach to analyse some key debates on world literature that played out in literary and cultural magazines during the Italian Fascist dictatorship. It shows that by hosting such debates – especially on realism – in seemingly random fashion, literary and cultural magazines in the 1920s and 1930s significantly contributed to problematise the cultural politics of a xenophobic regime regarding the arts in general, and literature in particular. To this end, I focus on journals of different sizes, political orientations and visibility to provide different theorisations of world literature. Finally, by discussing the multiple epitomes of world literature that the magazines created, I question the presence of what may be considered a coherent national, or even canonical, literature to argue that world and national literatures could co-exist when made to function not just as literary but also as a cultural mechanism.
Risk Perception and Preparation for Storm Surge Flooding: A Virtual Workshop with Visualization and Stakeholder Interaction
Authors: Colle Brian A. , Hathaway Julia R. , Bojsza Elizabeth J. , Moses Josef M. , Sanders Shadya J. , Rowan Katherine E. , Hils Abigail L. , Duesterhoeft Elizabeth C. , Boorboor Saeed , Kaufman Arie E. , Brennan Susan E. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Many factors shape public perceptions of extreme weather risk; understanding these factors is important to encourage preparedness. This article describes a novel workshop designed to encourage individual and community decision-making about predicted storm surge flooding. Over 160 U.S. college students participated in this 4-h experience. Distinctive features included 1) two kinds of visualizations, standard weather forecasting graphics versus 3D computer graphics visualization; 2) narrative about a fictitious storm, role-play, and guided discussion of participants’ concerns; and 3) use of an “ethical matrix,” a collective decision-making tool that elicits diverse perspectives based on the lived experiences of diverse stakeholders. Participants experienced a narrative about a hurricane with potential for devastating storm surge flooding on a fictitious coastal college campus. They answered survey questions before, at key points during, and after the narrative, interspersed with forecasts leading to predicted storm landfall. During facilitated breakout groups, participants role-played characters and filled out an ethical matrix. Discussing the matrix encouraged consideration of circumstances impacting evacuation decisions. Participants’ comments suggest several components may have influenced perceptions of personal risk, risks to others, the importance of monitoring weather, and preparing for emergencies. Surprisingly, no differences between the standard forecast graphics versus the immersive, hyperlocal visualizations were detected. Overall, participants’ comments indicate the workshop increased appreciation of others’ evacuation and preparation challenges.
Seasonal Forecasting of Precipitation, Temperature, and Snow Mass over the Western United States by Combining Ensemble Postprocessing with Empirical Ocean–Atmosphere Teleconnections
Authors: Scheftic William D. , Zeng Xubin , Brunke Michael A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Accurate and reliable seasonal forecasts are important for water and energy supply management. Recognizing the important role of snow water equivalent (SWE) for water management, here we include the seasonal forecast of SWE in addition to precipitation (P) and 2-m temperature (T2m) over hydrologically defined regions of the western United States. A two-stage process is applied to seasonal predictions from two models (NCEP CFSv2 and ECMWF SEAS5) through 1) postprocessing to remove biases in the mean, variance, and ensemble spread and 2) further reducing the residual errors by linear regression using climate indices. The adjusted forecasts from the two models are combined to form a superensemble using weights based on their prior skill. The adjusted forecasts are consistently improved over raw model forecasts probabilistically for all variables and deterministically for SWE forecasts. Overall skill of the superensemble usually improves upon the skill of forecasts from individual models; however, the percentage of seasons and regions with increased skill was approximately the same as those with decreased skill relative to the top performing postprocessed individual model. Seasonal SWE has the highest prediction skill, followed by T2m, with P showing lower prediction skill. Persistence contributes strongly to the skill of SWE and moderately to the skill of T2m. Furthermore, a distinct seasonality in the skill is seen in SWE, with a higher skill from late spring through early summer.

Significance Statement
Here we test the postprocessing of seasonal forecasts from two state-of-the-art seasonal prediction models for traditionally forecasted elements of precipitation and temperature as well as snowpack, which is important for water management. A two-stage procedure is utilized, including ocean and atmospheric teleconnection indices that have been shown to impact seasonal weather across the western United States. First, we adjust model output based on the average error in historic runs and then relate the remaining error to these teleconnection indices. A final step combines each adjusted model based on its historic performance. Forecasts are shown to improve upon the original models when assessed probabilistically. The snowpack forecasts perform better than temperature and precipitation forecasts with the best performance from late winter through early summer. Persistence is found to contribute strongly to the skill of snowpack and moderately to the skill of temperature.
Open Versus Percutaneous Tracheostomy in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis: Analysis of a Nationwide Database
Authors: Kim Maru , Allison-Aipa Timothy , Zakary Bishoy , Firek Matthew , Coimbra Raul 
Published: June 2023

Background Evidence for the appropriate type of tracheostomy in patients with liver cirrhosis is lacking. A retrospective analysis of the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) was performed. Methods Adult patients with liver cirrhosis undergoing tracheostomy while on mechanical ventilation for respiratory failure were abstracted from the NIS database between 2016 and 2018 and analyzed. Patients were divided according to the type of tracheostomy performed into open tracheostomy (OT) and percutaneous tracheostomy (PT) and analyzed for tracheostomy complications and clinical outcomes. Subgroup analyses were performed for patients with compensated cirrhosis (CC) and decompensated cirrhosis (DC). Results A total of 44745 cases were analyzed. The OT group had a higher rate of overall tracheostomy-related complications (TC) (5.1% vs 3.5%; P < .001), hemorrhage from the tracheostomy site (HC) (2.7% vs 1.8%; P = .008) and other complications (OC) (2.7% vs 1.8%, P = .003). Multivariate analyses showed that OT was a risk factor for TC (Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.50, P < .001), HC (AOR 1.46, P = .009), and OC (AOR 1.55, P = .003). Similarly, in subgroup analyses, OT cases, compared to PT, were associated with increased TC (5.0% vs 3.4%, P < .001), HC (2.7% vs 1.7%, P = .002) and OC (2.6% vs 1.8%, P = .020) in DC patients. Discussion OT is associated with a significantly higher rate of complications. OT was also associated with more complications in DC patients, suggesting that a percutaneous approach may be the best option in cirrhotic patients when feasible.
Migraine in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: The hidden pain
Authors: ElGizy Nancy , Khoweiled Aref , Khalil Mohamed A. , Magdy Rehab , Khalifa Dalia 
Published: June 2023

Objective This study examined the prevalence of comorbid migraine in patients with bipolar disorder and those with schizophrenia and also examined the association between migraine comorbidity and disease characteristics in both disorders. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 150 patients with bipolar disorder and 150 with schizophrenia were evaluated for migraine diagnosis using the International Classification of Headache Disorders (3rd ed). Patients were selected from psychiatry outpatient clinics at Kasr Al Ainy hospitals, Cairo University. The Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) were administered to the bipolar group, whereas the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was administered to the schizophrenia group. Both groups were evaluated by the Clinical Global Impressions (CGI) scale. Results The diagnosis of migraine was made in 34 (22.7%) of the bipolar group and 24 (16.0%) of the schizophrenia group. Patients with schizophrenia showed a significantly higher frequency and intensity of migraine attacks on the Migraine Disability Assessment scale than did the bipolar group ( p < 0.001). In the bipolar group, there was no significant difference between patients with and without migraine on the YMRS, HDRS, and CGI. Among patients with schizophrenia, the duration of the migraine attacks was positively correlated with CGI scores ( r = 0.40, p = 0.02). Conclusion Migraine was found to be a significant comorbidity in patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. However, the intensity and frequency of migraine attacks were higher in the schizophrenia than in the bipolar group.
Exploring Diversity in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Journal Editorial Boards
Authors: Patel Ashaka , Suryavanshi Palak , Madou Edward , Dzioba Agnieszka , Strychowsky Julie E. , Hu Amanda , Chan Yvonne , Graham M. Elise 
Published: June 2023

Objective: Despite increasing diversity in medical school entrants, disparities exist in academic leadership. This study sought to examine the proportion of women and visible minorities (VMs) among editorial board members (EBMs) of otolaryngology journals. Methods: Two reviewers collected journal, editorial board, and editor-in-chief characteristics using journal mastheads or official websites. Gender and VM representation on editorial boards and factors associated with increased representation were investigated. Results: Forty-one journals were explored, from January to April 2022. Of 2128 EBMs, 663 (31.3%) were VMs and 551 (25.9%) were women. Editor-in-chief roles were held by 12 (25%) VM individuals and 3 (6.2%) women. Gender differences in the distribution of editorial board positions were found ( P < .001); women had higher representation as associate editors (24.5%, n = 551 vs 15.4, n = 1577%) and deputy/managing editors (2.2%, n = 551 vs 0.4%, n = 1577), while men were more represented as editor-in-chief (2.9%, n = 1577 vs 0.5%, n = 551). Similar VM representation existed between genders (31.0% male; 31.6% women) ( P = .80). Journal impact factor quartile and gender were significantly correlated ( P < .001); a higher proportion of women were represented in the first (27.0% vs 24.5%) and fourth (12.0% vs 4.9%) quartile. No significant factors were identified for higher women’s editorial board representation. Larger editorial board size ( P = .002) and Asian/South American journals ( P = .003 to P < .001) had significantly higher representation of VMs. Conclusion: Women and VMs are underrepresented in high-ranking editorial positions. Diversity in editorial boards is needed to ensure fair and balanced journal reviews and equity within otolaryngology.
Radiologically Inserted Gastrostomy Tube Placement Guided by the Assessment and Primary Palliative Care Provided by an Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Multidisciplinary Clinic: A Single-Arm Retrospective Clinical Study
Authors: Parra-Cantu Carolina , Martinez-Thompson Jennifer M. , Linch Forrest B. , Welch Tasha L. , Chou Claudia Z. , Pattinson Adele K. , Staff Nathan P. , Neisen Melissa 
Published: June 2023

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease with a median survival of about 3 years. An ALS multidisciplinary team can provide primary palliative care and improve outcomes and quality of life for patients. Feeding tube insertion may be considered for patients with significant weight loss, or respiratory insufficiency. While radiologically inserted gastrostomy (RIG) tube placement may be an option, further studies are required to determine its best timing and appropriateness. This study’s objectives were to evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of RIG tube placement in ALS patients over a 90-day follow-up period through the assessment and primary palliative care provided by the multidisciplinary team. This retrospective study reviewed the placement of 16 or 18 French RIG-tube without intubation or endoscopy for 36 ALS patients at a single center between April 2019 and December 2021. Measures included ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-R) scores to determine the ALS stage. Demographic, clinical, procedural, and follow-up data were reviewed. Results showed that the RIG tube placement had a low rate of minor adverse events (11%) and no major procedure-related adverse events. The mean ALSFRS-R score at the time of procedure in subjects who died within 90 days was lower than of those alive beyond 90 days ( P = .04). This study found that RIG-tube placement is a safe and effective way to manage dysphagia in ALS patients and highlights the importance of educating members of the multidisciplinary clinic in palliative care principles to determine the appropriateness of RIG tube placement.
“It Seems Like a Bad Thing”: US South Asian Youths' Perspectives About the Use of Hospice Care
Authors: Khosla Nidhi 
Published: June 2023

Background South Asians are one of the fastest growing populations in the US. Family based decision making is common among this population. Little is known about their knowledge and attitudes towards hospice use. Objective This study explored US South Asian youths’ knowledge of, and attitudes towards hospice care. Design Qualitative study, using focus group discussions. Methods Thirty-six university students of South Asian heritage participated in ten focus group discussions. Data were coded inductively and deductively. Thematic analysis was performed. Disagreements were resolved through discussion. Results Participants were in consensus that if patients had an incurable, fatal condition, keeping them comfortable was important. Several participants were unaware of the terms ‘hospice’ and ‘palliative care’. After these terms were explained, most opposed hospice care for reasons of ‘desire for a normal life’, ‘cultural incompatibility’, ‘concerns about the hospice environment’ and ‘preference for home as the place of death’. Some were opposed to even home hospice fearing that it would continuously remind the family and patient about impending death. Concerns were also expressed about having a ‘stranger’ in the home to provide hospice care. One participant said she would support hospice use if it aligned with the patient’s values. Others cited financial reasons and quality of life as considerations in choosing hospice care. Conclusions Research is needed on culturally-appropriate modes of palliative care education and advocacy for South Asian populations in the US, especially youth, that are often the decision makers for the care of older family members.
Online Dance Injury Monitoring: The Efficacy of Weekly Reporting and Respondent Compliance Over a 30-Week Period
Authors: Dang Yanan , Koutedakis Yiannis , Chen Ruoling , Wyon Matthew 
Published: June 2023

Background: Previous injury survey recall methods often use one-off questionnaires with varying periods of recall. These methods have proven to show injury incidence inaccuracies and limited information on injury etiology. Purpose: The present study aimed to examine the efficacy of a remote weekly self-report injury incidence and etiology tool. Methods: Two online questionnaires were developed based on the “Fit to Dance 2” survey and sent to volunteers. The first questionnaire was sent once and asked for complete injury history information. The second questionnaire was sent to each respondent on a weekly basis and it focused on new injuries and their causes and whether injuries that occurred in previous weeks were still affecting their dancing. The online survey was opened for full-time dance students from September 2020 to July 2021. All weekly data for each respondent were combined with a unique reference code using their account names, students’ numbers, and schools’ names. The proportion of participants who drop out is defined as the measurement of outcome. Results: A total of 756 respondents engaged in the survey from 16 different Chinese dance schools; the drop-out rate was 70.1%, with student respondents under 18 years old having a slightly lower drop-out rate than adult respondents (69%vs 71%). 33 respondents (4.4%) who completed all 30 weeks survey. These data allow other researchers to examine respondent compliance rates from a weekly survey. Conclusion: A reminder system and teacher engagement could potentially increase the response rate. For frequent completion questionnaires the design needs to be streamlined to increase compliance. It is concluded that the researchers would need to weigh reduced completion rates (<100%) against data efficacy to achieve generalizability.