bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital Pupillometry and Centroid Shift Changes in Dominant and Nondominant Eyes
Authors: Xu Wenhao , Jia Fali , Liu Jingting , Li Jiahao , Zhao Jian , Lin Shuhua , Jia Yujie , Li Yingjun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose To investigate the differences between dominant and nondominant eyes in a predominantly young patient population by analyzing the angle kappa, pupil size, and center position in dominant and nondominant eyes.
Methods A total of 126 young college students (252 eyes) with myopia who underwent femtosecond laser-combined LASIK were randomly selected. Ocular dominance was determined using the hole-in-card test. The WaveLight Allegro Topolyzer (WaveLight Laser Technologies AG, Erlangen, Germany) was used to measure the pupil size and center position. The offset between the pupil center and the coaxially sighted corneal light reflex (P-Dist) of the patients was recorded by the x- and y-axis eyeball tracking adjustment program of the WaveLight Eagle Vision EX500 excimer laser system (Wavelight GmbH). The patientʼs vision (uncorrected distance visual acuity [UDVA], best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and refractive power (spherical equivalent, SE) were observed preoperatively, 1 week, 4 weeks, and 12 weeks postoperatively, and a quality of vision (QoV) questionnaire was completed.
Results Ocular dominance occurred predominantly in the right eye [right vs. left: (178) 70.63% vs. (74) 29.37%; p < 0.001]. The P-Dist was 0.202 ± 0.095 mm in the dominant eye and 0.215 ± 0.103 mm in the nondominant eye (p = 0.021). The horizontal pupil shift was − 0.07 ± 0.14 mm in dominant eyes and 0.01 ± 0.13 mm in nondominant eyes (p = 0.001) (the temporal displacement of the dominant eye under mesopic conditions). The SE was negatively correlated with the P-Dist (r = − 0.223, p = 0.012 for the dominant eye and r = − 0.199, p = 0.025 for the nondominant eye). At 12 weeks postoperatively, the safety index (postoperative BDVA/preoperative BDVA) of the dominant and nondominant eyes was 1.20 (1.00, 1.22) and 1.20 (1.00, 1.20), respectively, and the efficacy index (postoperative UDVA/preoperative BDVA) was 1.00 (1.00, 1.20) and 1.00 (1.00, 1.20), respectively; the proportion of residual SE within ± 0.50 D was 98 and 100%, respectively.
Conclusions This study found that ocular dominance occurred predominantly in the right eye. The pupil size change was larger in the dominant eye. The angle kappa of the dominant eye was smaller than that of the nondominant eye and the pupil center of the dominant eye was slightly shifted to the temporal side under mesopic conditions. The correction of myopia in the dominant and nondominant eyes exhibits good safety, efficacy, and predictability in the short term after surgery, and has good subjective visual quality performance after correction. We suggest adjusting the angle kappa percentage in the dominant eye to be lower than that of the nondominant eye in individualized corneal refractive surgery in order to find the ablation center closest to the visual axis.
A Study on the Diazo-Transfer Reaction Using o-Nitrobenzenesulfonyl Azide
Authors: Gwak Sungduk , Lee Ji Hye , Kwon Hyeok-Jun , Han Hogyu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
15N-Labeled azides have a great potential as practical and effective tags for vibrational probing and hyperpolarized magnetic resonance imaging of biomolecules. They can be synthesized by reaction of primary amines with a 15N-labeled diazo-transfer reagent. TfNN15N, a γ-15N-labeled diazo-transfer reagent, was developed to prepare β-15N-labeled azides; these are vibrational probes devoid of strong spectral interference by Fermi resonance. To overcome the stability and safety problems associated with TfNN15N, there is a strong demand for the development of a novel γ-15N-labeled diazo-transfer reagent. We present a study on the diazo-transfer reaction using o-nitrobenzenesulfonyl azide (o-NsN3). o-NsNN15N, a γ-15N-labeled diazo-transfer reagent, was newly developed and found to be better than TfNN15N with respect to its physicochemical properties and ease of synthesis. Unlike TfNN15N, however, o-NsNN15N was found to afford a mixture of β- and γ-15N-labeled azides rather than the β-15N-labeled azide alone. A mechanism for the diazo-transfer reaction of o-NsNN15N with primary amines is proposed to explain the formation of such isotopomeric mixtures.
Stereocontrolled Aldol-Like Reactions Involving Oxocarbenium Intermediates
Authors: Costa Anna M. , Romea Pedro , Urpí Fèlix , Galeote Oriol , Kennington Stuart C. D. , Mellado-Hidalgo Miguel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOxocarbenium cations are key intermediates for the stereocontrolled construction of carbon–carbon bonds. In particular, we have developed a wide range of stereoselective aldol-like processes that take advantage of the high reactivity of the oxocarbenium species arising from acetals, glycals, and orthoesters with metal enolates. This Account describes the development and optimization of such processes, together with other significant contributions, with a particular emphasis on their application to the synthesis of natural products.1	Introduction2	Substrate-Controlled Processes2.1	Additions to Acyclic Acetals2.2	Additions to Cyclic Acetals3	Chiral-Auxiliary-Based Processes3.1	Additions to Acyclic Acetals3.2	Additions to Cyclic Acetals and Glycals4	Chiral-Catalysis-Based Processes4.1	Organocatalysis4.2	Metal Catalysis5	Conclusions
Effectiveness of a Vendor Predictive Model for the Risk of Pediatric Asthma Exacerbation: A Difference-in-Differences Analysis
Authors: Murugan Avinash , Kandaswamy Swaminathan , Ray Edwin , Gillespie Scott , Orenstein Evan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background Asthma is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Predictive models may help providers tailor asthma therapies to an individual's exacerbation risk. The effectiveness of asthma risk scores on provider behavior and pediatric asthma outcomes remains unknown.
Objective Determine the impact of an electronic health record (EHR) vendor-released model on outcomes for children with asthma.
Methods The Epic Systems Risk of Pediatric Asthma Exacerbation model was implemented on February 24, 2021, for volunteer pediatric allergy and pulmonology providers as a noninterruptive risk score visible in the patient schedule view. Asthma hospitalizations, emergency department (ED) visits, or oral steroid courses within 90 days of the index visit were compared from February 24, 2019, to February 23, 2022, using a difference-in-differences design with a control group of visits to providers in the same departments. Volunteer providers were interviewed to identify barriers and facilitators to model use.
Results In the intervention group, asthma hospitalizations within 90 days decreased from 1.4% (54/3,842) to 0.7% (14/2,165) after implementation with no significant change in the control group (0.9% [171/19,865] preimplementation to 1.0% [105/10,743] post). ED visits in the intervention group decreased from 5.8% (222/3,842) to 5.5% (118/2,164) but increased from 5.5% (1,099/19,865) to 6.8% (727/10,743) in the control group. The adjusted difference-in-differences estimators for hospitalization, ED visit, and oral steroid outcomes were −0.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: −1.6 to −0.3), –2.4% (−3.9 to −0.8), and –1.9% (−4.3 to 0.5). In qualitative analysis, providers understood the purpose of the model and felt it was useful to flag high exacerbation risk. Trust in the model was calibrated against providers' own clinical judgement.
Conclusion This EHR vendor model implementation was associated with a significant decrease in asthma hospitalization and ED visits within 90 days of pediatric allergy and pulmonology clinic visits, but not oral steroid courses.
Spinopelvic Parameters in the Clinical and Functional Outcomes of Patients Submitted to Lumbar Interbody Fusion Surgery – A Prospective Study
Authors: Marques Renata , Silva Ana Cristina , Nogueira João , Afonso Miguel , Duarte Nubélio 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives The relevance of spinopelvic parameters in the patients' clinical and functional outcomes has been widely studied in long spinal fusion. Yet, the importance of the spinopelvic parameters in short-segment fusion surgeries needs further investigation. We analyzed the spinopelvic parameters and surgical outcomes of patients undergoing short-segment lumbar interbody fusion.
Materials and Methods An observational, prospective study was conducted between January and June 2021. We selected 25 patients with lumbar stenosis, with or without concomitant spondylolisthesis, undergoing transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion. Variables related to the patient, diagnosis, and surgery were collected. The clinical and functional outcomes were assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale for low-back and leg pain and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). The surgical outcomes and spinopelvic parameters were analyzed pre- and postoperatively.
Results There was a significant clinical and functional improvement after surgery (p < 0.001), with a mean ODI decrease of 63.6%. The variables of obesity, concomitant spondylolisthesis, absence of osteotomy, and two-level fusion were all associated with lower levels of improvement after surgery (p < 0.05). Pelvic incidence minus lumbar lordosis (PI-LL) was the only parameter that significantly changed regarding the pre- and postoperative periods (p < 0.05). Before surgery, PI-LL < −10° correlates with less low-back pain after surgery (r = 0.435; p < 0.05). Postoperatively, no correlation was found between surgical outcomes and all the spinopelvic parameters analyzed.
Conclusions The clinical and functional outcomes significantly improved with the surgical intervention but did not correlate with the change in spinopelvic parameters. Patients with preoperative PI-LL < −10° seem to benefit the most from surgery, showing greater improvement in back pain.
Thermodynamics of spherically symmetric thin-shell spacetimes
Authors: Kotopoulis Demetrios , Anastopoulos Charis 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We analyze the thermodynamics of spherically symmetric thin-shell solutions to Einstein’s equations, including solutions with negative interior mass. We show the inclusion of such solutions is essential for the thermodynamic consistency of the system: the maximum energy principle applies when we include an entropy term from the singularity of the negative-mass solutions, in addition to the Bekenstein–Hawking term for the entropy of solutions with positive interior mass. Then, the thermodynamic analysis leads to four distinct thermodynamic phases. We also show that all types of solutions can be either thermodynamically stable or dynamically stable, but only solutions with zero interior mass can be both. Since most of our results are analytic, thin shell models emerge as a useful theoretical paradigm for exploring gravitational thermodynamics. Our results provide an additional argument in support of the assignment of entropy to the singularity of negative-mass Schwarzschild spacetimes, and, consequently, to Penrose’s conjecture about the assignment of entropy to singularities.
Facile filter cloth brush-coating of large-area uniform silver nanowire conductive films for paper-based heater
Authors: Qiang Haoyi , Deng Lingling , Bu Huayin , Hu Ertao , Zhao Xinyan , Hu Fangren 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Filter cloth brush-coating (FCBC), using soft filter cloth as a brush-coating medium, in conjunction with viscous silver nanowire (AgNW) conductive solution, is used to prepare AgNW conductive films. The density and uniformity of AgNWs deposited on the substrate are controlled by the interplay between the filter cloth aperture, the conductive solution viscosity, and the brush-coating speed. Further, with appropriate AgNW concentration and flow rate, uniform AgNW transparent conductive film with sheet resistance of 18 Ω sq−1 and transmittance of 94% at 550 nm is acquired by FCBC. Due to the precise control of the coating process in FCBC, large-area uniform AgNW conductive film fabricated on printing paper has a low non-uniformity factor of 1.2% at a sheet resistance of 19.0 Ω sq−1. The resultant paper-based AgNW film heater shows sensitive and stable heating performance. FCBC shows great potential in producing large-area uniform AgNW films on various substrates.
The effect of Ar:O2 gas ratios on the structural and optical properties of RF sputter-deposited La2O3-doped ZnO thin films
Authors: Pilli S R , Sowjanya M , Shariq Mohammad , Altowairqi Y , Sabina D , Althagafi Talal M , Al-Gethami Wafa , Alasmari Aeshah , Alshehri Khairiah , Alhazmi Noura E , Ali Syed Kashif 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Due to their unique scintillation, phosphorescence, magnetic, and catalytic properties, rare earth oxide compounds have recently become one of the most in-demand materials used in different ways. The current study investigated the impact of Ar:O2 gas flow variation on the deposition of La2O3-doped zinc oxide thin films (TFs) on silicon dioxide (SiO2) substrates using the radio frequency sputtering technique. FE-SEM analysis has shown a smooth surface topology and purity of La2O3-doped ZnO TFs. X-ray diffraction analysis exhibited a single-phase hexagonal wurtzite-type structure in TFs. A UV–Vis–IR spectrophotometer examined the optical characteristics of ZnO and La2O3-doped ZnO TFs in 300–800 nm wavelength range. The bandgap of La2O3 doped ZnO TFs changed from 2.9 to 3.1 eV as argon and oxygen concentrations in (Ar:O2) gas flow changed. A variation in optical constants such as dielectric constants, refractive index, and extinction coefficient was observed when ZnO and La2O3-doped ZnO TFs were exposed to variable (Ar:O2) gas flow ratios. The photoluminescence analysis of ZnO and La2O3-doped ZnO TFs was performed at an excitation wavelength of 330 nm. Atomic force microscopy further revealed that La2O3 doping resulted in smoother surfaces and smaller grain sizes. This comprehensive study provides valuable insights into the relationship between doping, gas composition, and the optical and structural properties of ZnO TFs. The obtained results on the optimal flow rate of argon gas provide valuable insights for determining the appropriate deposition conditions of La2O3-doped ZnO TFs, specifically for their application in solar thermal systems.
2023 Roadmap on molecular modelling of electrochemical energy materials
Authors: Zhang Chao , Cheng Jun , Chen Yiming , Chan Maria K Y , Cai Qiong , Carvalho Rodrigo P , Marchiori Cleber F N , Brandell Daniel , Araujo C Moyses , Chen Ming , Ji Xiangyu , Feng Guang , Goloviznina Kateryna , Serva Alessandra , Salanne Mathieu , Mandai Toshihiko , Hosaka Tomooki , Alhanash Mirna , Johansson Patrik , Qiu Yun-Ze , Xiao Hai , Eikerling Michael , Jinnouchi Ryosuke , Melander Marko M , Kastlunger Georg , Bouzid Assil , Pasquarello Alfredo , Shin Seung-Jae , Kim Minho M , Kim Hyungjun , Schwarz Kathleen , Sundararaman Ravishankar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNew materials for electrochemical energy storage and conversion are the key to the electrification and sustainable development of our modern societies. Molecular modelling based on the principles of quantum mechanics and statistical mechanics as well as empowered by machine learning techniques can help us to understand, control and design electrochemical energy materials at atomistic precision. Therefore, this roadmap, which is a collection of authoritative opinions, serves as a gateway for both the experts and the beginners to have a quick overview of the current status and corresponding challenges in molecular modelling of electrochemical energy materials for batteries, supercapacitors, CO2reduction reaction, and fuel cell applications.
An R package for ensemble learning stacking
Authors: Nukui Taichi , Onogi Akio 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Summary
Supervised learning is widely used in biology for prediction, and ensemble learning, including stacking, is a promising technique for increasing and stabilizing the prediction accuracy. In this study, we developed an R package for stacking. This package depends on the R package caret and can handle models supported by caret. Stacking involves cross-validation of training data with multiple base learners, and the predicted values are used as explanatory variables for the meta-learner. In the prediction, the testing data were fed into the base models, and the returned values were averaged for each base learner. The averaged values were then fed into the meta-model, and the final predictions were returned. Using this package, the training and prediction procedures for stacking can be conducted using one-row scripts.

Availability and implementation
The R package stacking is available at the Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN) (https://cran.r-project.org/) and GitHub (https://github.com/Onogi/stacking). R scripts to reproduce the presented results are also reposited at GitHub.
cudaMMC: GPU-enhanced multiscale Monte Carlo chromatin 3D modelling
Authors: Wlasnowolski Michal , Grabowski Pawel , Roszczyk Damian , Kaczmarski Krzysztof , Plewczynski Dariusz 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Motivation
Investigating the 3D structure of chromatin provides new insights into transcriptional regulation. With the evolution of 3C next-generation sequencing methods like ChiA-PET and Hi-C, the surge in data volume has highlighted the need for more efficient chromatin spatial modelling algorithms. This study introduces the cudaMMC method, based on the Simulated Annealing Monte Carlo approach and enhanced by GPU-accelerated computing, to efficiently generate ensembles of chromatin 3D structures.

Results
The cudaMMC calculations demonstrate significantly faster performance with better stability compared to our previous method on the same workstation. cudaMMC also substantially reduces the computation time required for generating ensembles of large chromatin models, making it an invaluable tool for studying chromatin spatial conformation.

Availability and implementation
Open-source software and manual and sample data are freely available on https://github.com/SFGLab/cudaMMC.
Protective effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) against cerebral ischemic stroke in mice by promoting brain vascular remodeling via the inhibition of ROCK1/p-MLC2 signaling pathway
Authors: Chen Rong , Du Wei , Zhang Xiao , Xu Renhao , Jiang Wei , Zhang Cong , Yang Yi , Zhang Huiran , Xie Xiaoli , Song Degang , Yuan Yi , Zhang Xiangjian 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Vascular remodeling is essential for patients with cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS). Our previous study proved that low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) could increase cortical hemodynamics. However, the effects and mechanisms of LIPUS on cerebral vascular remodeling after CIS are still unknown. In this study, we applied LIPUS to the mouse brain at 0.5 h after distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (dMCAO) and subsequently daily for a stimulation time of 30 min. Results showed that compared with the dMCAO group, LIPUS markedly increased cerebral blood flow (CBF), reduced brain swelling, and improved functional recovery at day 3 after CIS. LIPUS promoted leptomeningeal vasculature remodeling, enlarged vascular diameter, and increased the average vessel length and density at day 3 after CIS. Proteomic analysis highlighted that LIPUS mainly participated in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton pathway. Rho kinase 1 (ROCK1) was downregulated by LIPUS and participated in regulation of actin cytoskeleton. Subsequently, we verified that ROCK1 was mainly expressed in pericytes. Furthermore, we demonstrated that LIPUS inhibited ROCK1/p-MLC2 signaling pathway after CIS, which had positive effects on vascular remodeling and cerebral blood circulation. In conclusion, our preliminary study revealed the vascular remodeling effects and mechanism of LIPUS in CIS, provided evidence for potential clinical application of LIPUS.
Quantifying the contribution of subject and group factors in brain activation
Authors: Nakuci Johan , Yeon Jiwon , Xue Kai , Kim Ji-Hyun , Kim Sung-Phil , Rahnev Dobromir 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Research in neuroscience often assumes universal neural mechanisms, but increasing evidence points toward sizeable individual differences in brain activations. What remains unclear is the extent of the idiosyncrasy and whether different types of analyses are associated with different levels of idiosyncrasy. Here we develop a new method for addressing these questions. The method consists of computing the within-subject reliability and subject-to-group similarity of brain activations and submitting these values to a computational model that quantifies the relative strength of group- and subject-level factors. We apply this method to a perceptual decision-making task (n = 50) and find that activations related to task, reaction time, and confidence are influenced equally strongly by group- and subject-level factors. Both group- and subject-level factors are dwarfed by a noise factor, though higher levels of smoothing increases their contributions relative to noise. Overall, our method allows for the quantification of group- and subject-level factors of brain activations and thus provides a more detailed understanding of the idiosyncrasy levels in brain activations.
Bayesian estimation of parameters and uncertainty of a 3-D dipping fault using gravity anomalies
Authors: Li Yongbo , Chen Shi , Li Honglei , Zhang Bei 
Published: September 2023

SUMMARY
Many significant geophysical anomalies are generated by fault systems, and effectively estimating fault parameters is a key step to understand the characteristics of these field sources. In general, the 2-D dipping fault is frequently utilized to simplify the representation of fault geometry. However, this approach could lead to larger errors when comparing realistic scenarios with simplifications. In this study, we use a parametrized 3-D dipping model to represent fault systems and compute gravity anomalies using an analytic method in the wavenumber domain. To estimate the marginal distribution of the 3-D dipping fault parameters, we utilize the Bayesian theory that integrates the likelihood function and prior information. Subsequently, we use the Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling method to assess the marginal distribution of the parameters. Compared with other deterministic inversion approaches, our method provides an effective means of quantifying parameter uncertainty. We first use synthetic data to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results demonstrate the efficiency of our method in revealing 3-D dipping fault parameters and evaluating their uncertainty. We subsequently apply our method to the Pudu River fault, located in Yunnan Province, China, to demonstrate its practical applicability. Two alternative realistic fault models referred the prior seismic profile have been proposed. The optimal parameters and uncertainty with the specific model have been estimated. The results show that the fault characteristics retrieved by our method deviate slightly from existing knowledge. Specifically, the estimated depth of the bottom surface is greater than that reported in previous studies. This could potentially offer us new perspectives on the geological evolution and structural attributes of this fault.