bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioequivalence of Two 6‐Mercaptopurine Tablet Formulations in Healthy Fasting Chinese Volunteers
Authors: Deng Yaping , Wang Guohua , Jiang Guojun , Song Dandan , Xu Xian , Zhao Dandan , Tan Guojun , Tan Zijun , Chen Jian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe supply of branded 6‐mercaptopurine (6‐MP) is limited in China, necessitating the local production and clinical evaluation of generic alternatives. We evaluated the in vivo bioequivalence (BE) of a new generic mercaptopurine tablet (50 mg) formulation by comparing peak plasma concentration and area under the concentration–time curve (AUC) with a branded 6‐MP formulation as the reference in 36 healthy fasting Chinese adults. The in vivo BE was evaluated by the average BE test. The safety parameters of the test and reference formulations were also evaluated. The geometric mean ratios for AUC over the dosing interval and AUC from time zero to infinity were 104% and 104%, respectively, of the reference values, while the point estimate of the geometric mean ratio for peak plasma concentration was 104% of the reference value. The test and reference formulations in this study were both deemed safe as only 23 Grade 1 adverse events were observed in 13 of 36 subjects. The test and reference formulations of 6‐MP tablets meet the regulatory criteria for BE in healthy fasting Chinese adults.
Systematic survey on generative adversarial networks for brain tumor segmentation and classification
Authors: Kaur Jatinder , Singh Ashutosh Kumar , Jindal Neeru 
Published: July 2023

SummaryBrain cancer is one of the leading diseases of death in the world caused due to unwanted proliferation of cells. If left untreated, this growth can spread into other human body parts. So early detection helps to enhance long‐term survival and reduce the mortality rate. A lot of research has been done in the field of brain tumors. There have been numerous previous studies conducted using traditional approaches. So far, few review studies are available on brain tumor segmentation and classification and moreover, they were quite limited in explaining the connections of Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) for brain tumor segmentation and classification. This review mainly focuses on the GAN architectures for brain tumor segmentation and classification. Therefore, first, an overview of brain tumors, GAN‐based publications, approaches to brain tumor segmentation and classification, data sets, software platforms, and performance parameters, are presented. Finally, GAN applications and current trends are discussed. This thorough survey will aid researchers and beginners in the future in creating a better decision support system.
Impacts of body positions on the geniohyoid muscle contraction and swallowing difficulty in healthy adults
Authors: Lu Fuwen , Okazaki Tatsuma , Okuyama Junko , Izumi Shin‐Ichi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundBody positions affect swallowing and gastroesophageal reflux. Swallowing impairment is one of the main causes of aspiration pneumonia. To prevent pneumonia, evaluation of body positions on gastroesophageal reflux recommended 30 degrees or higher semi‐recumbent positions. The geniohypoid muscle and tongue play central roles in swallowing. However, the effects of body positions on contracting rates in the geniohyoid muscle and tongue pressure are unclear. Moreover, correlations between geniohyoid muscle contracting rates and subjective swallowing difficulties are unclear.AimsThis study aimed to identify the proper body positions on contracting rates in the geniohyoid muscle, tongue pressure, and subjective swallowing difficulties.Materials & MethodsTwenty healthy adults swallowed 15‐ or 50 ml of water at 90 degrees sitting, 60‐ and 30 degrees semi‐recumbent, and 0 degrees supine positions. We scored the subjective swallowing difficulties and measured the tongue pressure and the number of swallows. An ultrasound evaluated the geniohyoid muscle size and contracting rates.ResultsAt sitting and 60 degrees semi‐recumbent positions, the geniohyoid muscle showed greter contracting rates than at 30 degrees semi‐recumbent and supine postions (P < 0.05), which resulted in easier swalloiwng. Greater tongue pressure was weakly correlated with fewer swallows (r = ‐0.339, P = 0.002), whereas the body positions did not affect.ConclusionConsidering swallowing and gastroesophageal reflux together, a trunk angle of 60 degrees or more might be beneficial for reducing the risk of aspiration.
Application of the scaling readiness approach for scaling of nutrition‐sensitive initiatives in Kenya, Uganda, and Malawi: A case of orange fleshed sweetpotato value chain
Authors: Chesoli Rose Nakhaye , Sartas Murat , Muzhingi Tawanda , Emanuel Owako 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMalnutrition remains a global challenge contributing to 45% of child mortality worldwide. Agri‐nutrition‐sensitive interventions have been judged as cost‐effective in addressing the key underlying determinants of nutrition. There is conclusive evidence of nutritional benefits from agriculture‐related programs such as the orange‐fleshed sweetpotato (OFSP) program in addressing vitamin A deficiency which affects an estimated 165 million children under five globally. However, such programs are complex and require a multi‐sectoral approach (agriculture, health, trade, education, and processing) to realize the benefits. Consequently, getting the right partner in various sectors for sustainable implementation is challenging. This study shares experience using the scaling readiness approach in identifying strategic partners to scale up the OFSP value chain sustainably. Scaling Readiness is an effective approach in programming and designing multi‐sectoral nutrition‐sensitive projects to mitigate scaling challenges and selecting strategic partners to overcome bottlenecks. Having the right partners reduces the cost of implementation, allowing the project to collaborate, leverage existing initiatives, reallocate resources, and reorientate some aspects leading to focusing on what works rather than what is available. If well utilized, Scaling Readiness can help programs accelerate the scaling up of nutrition‐sensitive technologies, reducing malnutrition.
Research on the side converter system of wind power grid based on fractional LCL filter
Authors: Huang Xiaoping , Chen Yongji , Zhou Hongkai , Lu Qiu , Wei Zhongxin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe power electronic converters and grid‐connected filters were important components of the permanent magnet direct drive wind power generation system whose performance directly determines the quality of wind power generation. In past modeling, analysis, and control studies, capacitive and inductive components were often treated as integral‐order components. However, the inductance and capacitance components in the actual permanent magnet direct drive wind generator were fractional‐order components, and their electrical characteristics will change with the change of order, which had an important impact on the dynamic and static characteristics of the system. In this paper, the mathematical model of the fractional‐order LCL (FOLCL) filter was derived. Through simulation, it could be seen that the FOLCL filter can avoid resonance fundamentally. At the same time, the fractional‐order PI (FOPI) controller was introduced into the machine‐side current converter, and the parameters of the FOPI controller of the outer speed loop and the inner current loop were adjusted by using the time‐domain optimization method. The results showed that the efficiency of the FOPI controller was significantly better than that of the integer‐order PI controller in realizing maximum wind energy capture. It provides theoretical support and practical application value for the stable operation of the wind power generation system.
Green synthesis of zero‐dimensional carbon nanostructures in energy storage applications—A review
Authors: Yadav Shubham , Daniel Sobhi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOver the past decade, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have emerged as the supreme category of zero‐dimensional (0D) carbonaceous nanostructures having potential applications in energy storage and optoelectronics devices. These zero‐dimensional carbon nanostructures have captivated excellent consideration and have ascended as a substitute to traditional metal‐based semiconductor QDs due to their intriguing estates like excellent photoluminescence, quantum yield, scalability, tuneable emission, biocompatibility, chemical inertness, and excellent hydrophilicity. These unique properties of zero‐dimensional carbon materials have inspired researchers to employ them in bioimaging, optoelectronic, catalytic, and energy storage applications. The last couple of years have perceived an incredible rise in the green synthetic strategies of carbon‐based QDs and their applications and this review familiarizes the reader with the current and significant progress in the synthesis of carbon‐based QDs/GQDs from various natural precursors with their quantum yields as well as intriguing applications in diverse fields. In addition, this communication not only delivers critical perceptions toward the development in the field of advanced energy devices but also highlights the advancements of these nanosized carbonaceous materials in the energy storage devices such as in supercapacitors and batteries. Also, it focuses on the broad scope of carbon nanomaterials and nanotechnology towards cutting‐edge research and expansion in the arena of energy storage applications of carbon‐based QDs.
A comprehensive review on battery thermal management system for better guidance and operation
Authors: Altuntop Enis Selcuk , Erdemir Dogan , Kaplan Yüksel , Özceyhan Veysel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBatteries are essential to mobilization and electrification as they are used in a wide range of applications, from electric vehicles to small mobile devices. All these devices are powered with AC or DC inside their systems, so they require different battery systems depending on their technical requirements. Batteries show unique characteristics depending on their types, and their needs vary based on their performance, ambient conditions, and so forth. One of the main demands for them is thermal stability. For batteries, thermal stability is not just about safety; it's also about economics, the environment, performance, and system stability. This paper has evaluated over 200 papers and harvested their data to build a collective understanding of battery thermal management systems (BTMSs). These studies are specifically designed to solve different problems. This paper has been prepared to show what these systems are, how they work, what they have been designed for, and under what conditions they should be applied. The BTMSs have been evaluated based on their method, method tools, discharge rate, maximum temperature, temperature difference values, and ambient and inlet temperatures. After evaluating over 200 studies, the results indicate that the passive BTMSs are not useful the cases where the temperature reaches higher values suddenly, especially for system systems that require higher discharge rates. On the other hand, active cooling methods do not manage the temperature difference in the battery cells. However, hybrid cooling methods address both cases admirably by compensating for both of their weaknesses and bringing out their advantages. The general optimum temperature for lithium battery batteries is 55°C. Even though there are many other parameters that need to be considered before making a decision for a BTMS design, the best performance for an optimum system seems to be methods 34, 38, and 22 as they are able to provide lower maximum temperature and temperature difference in the cells.
Surgeon supply and healthcare quality: Are revision rates for hip and knee replacements lower in hospitals that employ more surgeons?
Authors: Van Gestel Raf , Broekman Niels , Müller Tobias 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe study the link between department‐wide surgeon supply and quality of care for two major elective medical procedures. Several countries have adopted policies to concentrate medical procedures in high‐volume hospitals. While higher patient volumes might translate to higher quality, we provide evidence for a positive relationship between surgeon supply and hospital revision rates for hip and knee replacement surgery. Hence, hospital performance decreases with higher surgeon supply, and this finding holds conditional on patient volumes.
Adherence to option B+ PMTCT program and its predictors among HIV‐positive women in Ethiopia. A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Geremew Habtamu , Geremew Demeke , Abdisa Samuel , Dessie Anteneh Mengist , Kassa Getachew Mullu , Moges Nurilign Abebe 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundPreviously, few studies investigated level of adherence to option B+ lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Ethiopia. However, their findings were inconsistent. Therefore, this review aimed to determine the pooled magnitude of adherence to option B+ lifelong ART and its predictors among human immune virus (HIV)‐positive women in Ethiopia.MethodsA comprehensive web‐based search was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, Google scholar, and African Journals Online databases to retrieve relevant articles. STATA 14 statistical software was used to carry out the meta‐analysis. We used the random effects model to account for the large heterogeneity across included studies. Egger's regression test in conjunction with funnel plot and I2 statistics were utilized to assess publication bias and heterogeneity among included studies respectively.ResultTwelve studies with a total of 2927 study participants were involved in this analysis. The pooled magnitude of adherence to option B+ lifelong ART was 80.72% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 77.05−84.39; I2 = 85.4%). Disclosure of sero‐status (OR 2.58 [95% CI: 1.55−4.3]), receiving counseling (OR 4.93 [95% CI: 3.21−7.57]), attending primary school and above (OR 2.45 [95% CI: 1.31−4.57]), partner support (OR 2.24 [95% CI: 1.11, 4.52]), good knowledge about prevention of mother‐to‐child transmission (PMTCT) (OR 4.22 [95% CI: 2.02−8.84]), taking less time to reach health facility (OR 1.64 [95% CI: 1.13−2.4]), and good relation with care provider (OR 3.24 [95% CI: 1.96−5.34]) were positively associated with adherence. Whereas, fear of stigma and discrimination (OR 0.12 [95% CI: 0.06−0.22]) and advanced disease stage (OR 0.59 [95% CI: 0.37−0.92]) were negatively associated.ConclusionThe level of adherence to option B+ lifelong ART was suboptimal. Strengthened comprehensive counseling and client education on PMTCT, HIV status disclosure, and male partner involvement are important to eliminate mother to child transmission and control the pandemic.
The effect of education based on health belief model on hand hygiene behavior in the staff of Tehran dentistry centers: A quasi‐experimental intervention study
Authors: Kouhi Reza , Panahi Rahman , Ramezankhani Ali , Amin Sobhani Mohsen , Khodakarim Soheila , Amjadian Mohiadin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsConsidering the increasing prevalence of dental services in the community and the impossibility of identifying each infected patient, hand sanitation is the most critical factor in controlling infection in these centers. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of educational intervention on the hand health behavior of the staff of Tehran dentistry clinics based on the health belief model (HBM).MethodsIn this quasi‐experimental study in 2017, 128 employees of the health centers were selected through a multistage sampling method and they were placed in two groups of intervention and control (each 64 people). The data was collected using a questionnaire devised by the researcher. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were determined. The questionnaire consisted of demographics, knowledge, structures of the HBM, and behavior variables. Then, the intervention was administered based on HBM‐based education. Data were analyzed by SPSS16 and independent t test, χ2, and repeated measurement analysis of variance.ResultsBefore the intervention, the two intervention and control groups did not differ significantly in terms of demographic variables, mean scores of knowledge, constructs of HBM, and hand hygiene behavior (p > 0.05), while the intervention group was scored higher significantly compared to the control one after the intervention (p < 0.001).ConclusionAccording to the findings, the HBM can be used as a framework for designing educational interventions to improve hand hygiene behavior to control infection in health centers.
Asymmetric persistence in Turkish interest and inflation rates: New evidence from quantile unit root test with structural shifts
Authors: Nazlioglu Saban , Gurel Sinem Pinar , Gunes Sevcan , Karul Cagin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the persistence in Turkish interest and inflation rates since the implementation of inflation‐targeting monetary policy, covering the period from January 2006 to July 2022. We focus on accounting for asymmetric persistence by benefiting from recent developments in quantile unit root analysis. The findings indicate that while the conventional unit root tests support the persistence of shocks to interest rates and inflation, the quantile unit root test demonstrates an asymmetric behaviour of the persistence, implying a time‐varying structure with mean reversion (persistency) of the shocks in low (high) inflation periods. Furthermore, the half‐lives increase with the positive shocks, indicating a longer speed of adjustment in the high inflation regime. These findings provide new insights into the relationship between interest rates and inflation and have sound policy implications.
Twitter‐based uncertainty and stock market returns: Evidence from G7 countries
Authors: Coskun Merve , Taspinar Nigar 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study is to investigate the impact of Twitter‐based economic uncertainty (TEU) and Twitter‐based market uncertainty (TMU) on G7 stock returns in the challenging year in which the COVID‐19 pandemic began (2020) under different stock market conditions (bearish, normal, and bullish). To this aim, this study applies novel quantile‐based approaches, namely Quantile autoregression unit root test, Quantile‐on‐quantile approach, and Quantile Granger‐causality test covering the period from 01 January 2020 to 15 September 2020. Main findings of the study are (1) G7 stock return series are stationary for all quantiles of the conditional distributions with minor exceptions meaning that shocks have temporary effects on stock returns of G7 markets. (2) The impact of Twitter‐based uncertainty strongly depends on the market condition, whether it is bullish or bearish for all G7 markets. A heterogeneous association exists between variables caused by different market conditions. (3) A bi‐directional causal association exists between stock returns‐TEU and stock returns‐TMU. This result confirms the existence of feedback hypothesis between G7 stock returns and TEU, TMU, respectively. This study provides important policy implications and recommendations for policy makers and investors on the nexus between Twitter‐based uncertainties and stock returns.
The long intergenic noncoding RNA ARES modulates root architecture in Arabidopsis
Authors: Roulé Thomas , Legascue María Florencia , Barrios Andana , Gaggion Nicolás , Crespi Martin , Ariel Federico , Blein Thomas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of gene expression in plants. They have been linked to a wide range of molecular mechanisms, including epigenetics, miRNA activity, RNA processing and translation, and protein localization or stability. In Arabidopsis, characterized lncRNAs have been implicated in several physiological contexts, including plant development and the response to the environment. Here we searched for lncRNA loci located nearby key genes involved in root development and identified the lncRNA ARES (AUXIN REGULATOR ELEMENT DOWNSTREAM SOLITARYROOT) downstream of the lateral root master gene IAA14/SOLITARYROOT (SLR). Although ARES and IAA14 are co‐regulated during development, the knockdown and knockout of ARES did not affect IAA14 expression. However, in response to exogenous auxin, ARES knockdown impairs the induction of its other neighboring gene encoding the transcription factor NF‐YB3. Furthermore, knockdown/out of ARES results in a root developmental phenotype in control conditions. Accordingly, a transcriptomic analysis revealed that a subset of ARF7‐dependent genes is deregulated. Altogether, our results hint at the lncRNA ARES as a novel regulator of the auxin response governing lateral root development, likely by modulating gene expression in trans.
Defining pharmacist activities in ambulatory heart failure clinics: North American survey and modified Delphi study
Authors: Beauchesne Arielle B. M. , Koshman Sheri L. , Beavers Craig J. , Gorman Sean K. , Turgeon Ricky D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundPharmacists are key members of multidisciplinary heart failure (HF) clinics; however, there is variation in their roles and activities. This study aimed to: (1) define current roles of HF clinic pharmacists and (2) develop a consensus‐based list of key activities for HF clinic pharmacists.MethodsIn part 1, we invited Canadian and American HF clinic pharmacists to complete a survey on activities currently performed in the HF clinic. Part 2 consisted of a three‐round modified Delphi study including only Canadian participants to define key activities for ambulatory HF pharmacists among 44 candidates. In each round, participants rated a list of candidate activities based on importance and priority on a 9‐point Likert scale. Consensus was reached for inclusion when ≥75% of participants rated both criteria ≥7, or exclusion when both criteria ≤6. Participants received personal responses alongside aggregate ratings after each round to facilitate attainment of consensus.ResultsEighty‐four pharmacists participated in part 1, and 29 (of 55 invited) participated in part 2 (24 retained for all three rounds). Current pharmacist activities were similar between American and Canadian participants, with an emphasis on patient assessment and clinical activities including modification of HF‐specific pharmacotherapy. The final consensus‐based list included 32 activities, with high priority placed on activities involving optimization of medications for HF and common comorbidities, engaging in shared decision‐making, assessing adherence, reviewing lab tests, and assessing and modifying medications due to pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters, which closely mirrored activities in current practice.ConclusionCurrent activities of ambulatory HF pharmacists are largely consistent within North America, focusing on patient assessment and HF‐specific pharmacotherapy modification. Our consensus‐based list defined 32 activities integral to the future role of pharmacists in HF clinics, which builds upon activities being currently performed. This provides a framework to standardize and expand the scope of practice for clinical pharmacy services in HF clinics.