bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soil respiration responses of moss and lichen biocoenoses to moderate and severe rain events after summer drought in a temperate early‐successional ecosystem
Authors: Fischer Thomas , Kholiavko Tatiana , Schaaf Wolfgang , Veste Maik 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIt is commonly accepted that CO2 efflux increases with soil water content in aerated soils and that rewetting after periods of soil drying can result in respiration pulses. It has further been shown that soil pores may become water logged which can impede soil gas exchange. The present study aimed to quantify the carbon response of moss (Polytrichum piliferum) and lichen (Cladonia coniocraea) biocoenoses to different quantities of rain in an artificial catchment, which granted that the starting point of the development of both biocoenoses was the same. To address this aim, we conducted in situ soil moisture and soil respiration measurements, where soil respiration was hypothesised to emerge from a cryptogamic vegetation layer and from mineral soil beneath. We found that higher water‐holding capacity of the moss layer and higher accumulation of organic matter in the upper mineral soil under mosses result in higher amounts of water stored near the surface. As a consequence, evaporation of water as well as pulses of CO2 efflux after moderate rain following a period of drought were higher in the moss biocoenosis, where the upper mineral soil was of key importance. In contrast, the lichen biocoenosis facilitated penetration of rainwater into the deep soil. Superimposing rewetting pulses, near‐saturation of soil pores with water after severe rain resulted in gas exchange inhibition and diminished soil respiration until subsequent aeration in both biocoenoses.
Synthesis, Structure, and Catalytic Activity of Cyclometalated Iridium Complexes with a Bidentate POC Ligand
Authors: Polukeev Alexey V. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSynthesis, characterization and catalytic activity of cyclometalated iridium complexes with a bidentate POC ligand is presented. Metalation of POC‐H (di‐tert‐butyl(phenoxy)phosphane) with [Ir(COD)Cl]2 proceeded rapidly at room temperature and afforded mixture of (POC)(POC‐H)IrHCl (1 a) and (POC)(COD)IrHCl (1 b), from which complexes (POC)(L)IrHCl where L=PPh3 (1 c), bipyridine (1 d) and [2,2′‐bipyridine]‐6,6′‐diol (1 e) were prepared through ligand exchange. The compounds were tested in acceptorless dehydrogenation of 1‐phenylethanol and transfer dehydrogenation of ethanol in a context of comparison with pincer counterparts (POCOP)IrHCl and (PCN)IrHCl. An attempt to prepare a dihydride complex from 1 e led to dimeric complex [(POC)(bipy‐diol−)IrH]2 (3) that could explain the low activity of 1 e. DFT studies provided insight into POC‐H vs POCOP‐H metalation mechanism.
Adsorption kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics of aromatic amino acids in feather hydrolysate onto modified activated carbon
Authors: Wang Dexing , Ding Song , Zhang Wei , Hu Yi , Xu Huajin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe main objective of this study was to produce low cost activated carbons for the adsorption of aromatic amino acids (AA) from feather hydrolysate. By optimizing the static adsorption conditions (time, pH and concentration) of amino acids, the adsorption amounts of tyrosine and phenylalanine reached 15.2 and 20.1 mg/g, respectively, under optimal conditions. Furthermore, it exhibits excellent reusability as it maintains a removal efficiency of 82.0% and 82.8% for tyrosine and phenylalanine after being reused 4 times. The effects of NaOH modified activated carbon (NA‐AC) on the adsorption capacity of AA in feather hydrolysate at different temperatures (298.15, 308.15, 318.15 K) were investigated, and the static adsorption kinetics curves were plotted. The adsorption isotherm (Langmuir, Freundlich model), kinetics (pseudo‐first‐order‐mode, pseudo‐second‐order‐mode, particle diffusion model) and thermodynamics were studied. The results shown that the adsorption process of AA onto NA‐AC accorded with the pseudo‐second‐order‐mode. The adsorption rate was mainly controlled by the liquid film diffusion and the particle diffusion. The adsorption isotherm accorded with the Langmuir adsorption isothermal model. Adsorption was an endothermic process, and increasing temperature was conducive to adsorption. Gibbs energy ΔG indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous, and enthalpy △H indicated that the adsorption process was mainly physical adsorption. The proposed adsorption mechanisms provide a theoretical basis for the optimization of AA separation and purification process in feather hydrolysate by NA‐AC, which may further improve the separation and purification efficiency of other amino acids in feather hydrolysate.
Strontium‐promoted Ni/ZrO2–Al2O3 catalysts for dry reforming of methane
Authors: Al‐Fatesh Ahmed S. , Ibrahim Ahmed A. , Osman Ahmed I. , Abasaeed Ahmed E. , Alotibi Mohammed F. , Alfatesh Sadeq A. , Rooney David W. , Fakeeha Anis H. , Yin Chun‐Yang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDry reforming of methane (DRM) is an established process that utilizes CH4 and CO2 to produce syngas, which is subsequently used to produce liquid fuel. Developing an optimized catalyst with favorable physicochemical properties is essential to enhance the effectiveness of the DRM process. In this study, we report novel findings on Ni/ZrO2 + Al2O3 catalyst performance promoted with strontium (Sr) for DRM reaction. The characteristics of fresh and spent catalysts were evaluated via a suite of analytical characterization techniques, including physisorption analysis, temperature‐programmed reduction, transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffractometry, Raman spectroscopy, temperature‐programmed desorption, temperature‐programmed oxidation, and thermogravimetric analysis before actual DRM performance analysis. The integration of Sr essentially enhanced the basicity, imparted CO2 adsorption stability, and improved the reducibility of the catalyst. An optimal concentration of 3.0 wt% Sr promoted on the catalyst afforded the highest CH4 and CO2 conversions. The work presented in this contribution affords an understanding of optimum Sr loading and provides insights into the synergistic role of Sr on catalytic performances as applied to the DRM process.
Energy storage in the forest ecosystem
Authors: Duran Şölen , Özilgen Mustafa 
Published: August 2023

AbstractInhabitants in the forest ecosystem store energy for their own use and then give it to their predators. There is animal territorialism in the forest ecosystem. Large animals need a larger territory to harvest their needs. Some species mark the boundaries of their territory with their urine to prevent other species from intruding. Natural plant saps are usually the first step of the food chain. Ants, larvae, and flies that consume the natural plant juices are usually the second step of the food chain. Anteaters, larvae‐eating birds, and frogs constitute the third step. Pumas and jaguars, wolves, tigers, and lions eat the anteaters, frogs, and birds. The average exergy efficiency of going from the nth step to n + 1 step is 0.078‐fold of the previous step. Energy storage efficiency of any species depends on the path they follow. The longer the path is, the smaller will be the energy stored by each of the species efficiency down the food chain.
Effects of sesame dehulling on physicochemical and sensorial properties of its oil
Authors: Amini Maryam , Golmakani Mohammad Taghi , Abbasi Azam , Nader Marzieh 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAt present, sesame oil is extracted from un‐hulled white sesame seeds by using cold press lubrication machines in local stores in Iran. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical properties and safety parameters of the hulled and un‐hulled white sesame oils. The fatty acid composition, antioxidant activity, oxalates content, total phenolic content, carotenoid content, acid value, peroxide value, p‐anisidine value, value total oxidation value (TOTOX), aflatoxins and pesticides residue, smoke point, color, relative density, and refractive index of oil sample were examined immediately after extracting the oil. The peroxide, p‐anisidine, and TOTOX value of the hulled and un‐hulled sesame oil samples were also examined periodically. After 7 months, the quality parameters were high and the oil samples were not consumable. Linoleic and oleic acids were the predominant fatty acids in the hulled and un‐hulled sesame oils. The results of this study showed that the oil extracted from raw un‐hulled sesame had a lower initial quality than hulled sesame oil and was oxidized more rapidly than it during the storage period. Virgin oils contained impurities acting like prooxidants and reduced their stability and shelf life. In addition, the un‐hulled sesame oil contained higher amounts of antinutrient compounds (e.g., oxalate and pesticide residues) than the hulled sesame oil. Aflatoxin was not detected in our oil samples.
Is inflammatory potential of the diet related to oral and periodontal health?
Authors: Metin Ziya Erokay , Tengilimoglu‐Metin M. Merve , Oğuz Nuh , Kizil Mevlüde 
Published: August 2023

AbstractInflammation is among the risks of periodontal diseases. The relationship between the inflammatory load of the diet and inflammation has been shown in previous studies, but the relationship between periodontal diseases and the inflammatory load of the diet is not clear. In this study, it was aimed to examine the relationship between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and periodontal health. Board approved the protocol. Information about the study was given to the patients who met the criteria of the study and agreed to participate in the study. Oral health status was evaluated by measuring the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT). Periodontal health status was determined using the plaque index (PI) and gingival index (GI). Twenty‐four‐hour dietary record was taken for 1 day to calculate the inflammatory load gained from daily diet, and the DII score was used. The study group consisted of 138 participants. DMFT scores were found with median 4.0, and no statistically significant difference was observed between DII quartiles. 65.8% of the participants had absence or small amount of plaque accumulation, while 39.2% had moderate or dense amount of plaque accumulation according to the PI classification. While DII did not differ by PI classification, DII quartile between second and third found a difference according to the GI classification. The new definition of periodontal health has been proposed as the absence of clinically detectable inflammation. It seems that pro‐inflammatory properties of the diet and periodontal health are related. But future randomized controlled trials are needed.
Cross‐border and cross‐commodity volatility spillover effects of Chinese soybean futures
Authors: Qin Sisi , Lau Wee‐Yeap 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study examines the volatility spillover between the US and China's soybean futures markets, and between China's soybean, soybean oil, and meal futures markets. A synchronization technique is used to overcome the bias from differences in the closing time of two exchanges. On the basis of BEKK‐GARCH and DCC‐GARCH on the data from January 2010 to April 2023, our results indicate that: First, there is a one‐way spillover from the US to China's No.1 soybean futures and a two‐way spillover between the US and No.2 soybean futures. Second, after 2018, the volatility spillovers of No.1 soybean futures declined, while that of No.2 increased significantly. Third, the dynamic conditional correlations confirmed our results that the spillover between No.2 soybean and soymeal, and between No.2 soybean and soyoil futures increased significantly. Our findings demonstrate the leading role of US soybeans in cross‐border trading and the increasing role of No.2 soybeans in cross‐country and cross‐commodity spillover.
The effect of early oral nutritional supplements on improving nutritional outcomes and radiation‐induced oral mucositis for nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Su Li , Lin Qiao‐Jing , Ma Shu‐Qing , Song Xiu‐Rong , Ye Jin‐Ru , Ni Meng‐Shan , Hong Jin‐Sheng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo explore the value of early oral nutritional supplements (ONS) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).MethodsPatients with newly diagnosed II‐IVA stage NPC were analyzed and divided into Early and Routine ONS groups according to whether they received early ONS at the beginning of CCRT. Changes in nutritional indicators, incidence of treatment‐related toxicity, radiation interruption, and completion of CCRT were compared.ResultsIn total, 161 patients with NPC were analyzed, including 72 in the Early ONS group and 89 in the Routine ONS group. Multivariate analysis showed that early ONS was an independent protective factor for concurrent chemotherapy ≥2 cycles, and a protective factor against ≥grade 3 radiation‐induced oral mucositis (RIOM) and weight loss >5%. In stage III‐IVA patients, early ONS was beneficial in decreasing the risk of severe malnutrition.ConclusionsEarly ONS can improve nutritional outcomes, reduce RIOM, and enhance treatment adherence.
Enhancing banking performance through dynamic digital transformation capabilities and governance, risk management, and compliance: Insights from the Indonesian context
Authors: Abdurrahman Abdurrahman , Gustomo Aurik , Prasetio Eko Agus 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDigital transformation (DT) is a crucial strategic initiative for organizations to rectify output, adapt, and keep up with the digital economy. Dynamic capability (DC) is a widely‐used model for managing opportunities and risks from digital transformation. However, there is a lack of research examining the measurement and relationship between the primary activities of dynamic capability and DT, especially within the banking sector. Acknowledging the importance of DC, we propose this research which emphasizes the significance of sensing, seizing, and transforming aptitudes in promoting DT and improving banking performance. Within this study, we specifically investigate the role of governance, risk management, and compliance (GRC) factors. By utilizing structured equation modeling (SEM) and analyzing data from 322 respondents representing 45 banks in Indonesia, our empirical findings demonstrate that all three DC activities have a significant influence on DT, in which sensing activity has the biggest impact, followed by transforming and seizing. Furthermore, we reveal that DT acts as an intermediary between DC activities and banking performance, and GRC factors further enhance the impact of DT on organizational performance. Our research offers valuable insights to assist banks in prioritizing essential capabilities, including GRC, to enhance overall performance through dynamic digital transformation capabilities.
Applying the bioisosterism strategy to obtain lead compounds against SARS‐CoV‐2 cysteine proteases: An in‐silico approach
Authors: Borba João Ricardo Bueno de Morais , de Araújo Leonardo Pereira , Veloso Marcia Paranho , da Silveira Nelson José Freitas 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSARS‐CoV‐2 cysteine proteases are essential nonstructural proteins due to their role in the formation of the virus multiple enzyme replication‐transcription complex. As a result, those functional proteins are extremely relevant targets in the development of a new drug candidate to fight COVID‐19. Based on this fact and guided by the bioisosterism strategy, the present work has selected 126 out of 1050 ligands from DrugBank website. Subsequently, 831 chemical analogs containing bioisosteres, some of which became structurally simplified, were created using the MB‐Isoster software, and molecular docking simulations were performed using AutoDock Vina. Finally, a study of physicochemical properties, along with pharmacokinetic profiles, was carried out through SwissADME and ADMETlab 2.0 platforms. The promising results obtained with the molecules encoded as DB00549_BI_005, DB04868_BI_003, DB11984_BI_002, DB12364_BI_006 and DB12805_BI_004 must be confirmed by molecular dynamics studies, followed by in vitro and in vivo empirical tests that ratify the advocated in‐silico results.
OTUD4 regulates metastasis and chemoresistance in melanoma by stabilizing Snail1
Authors: Gao Yuchen , Tang Jiaxin , Ma Xiuqing , Zhang Caishi , Huang Lei , Che Jingjing , Wen Yalei , Zhang Yinci , Zhu Yingjie , Liu Tongzheng , Zhang Haoxing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMelanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer with rapidly increased incidence worldwide especially in the Caucasian population. Surgical excision represents the curative treatment choice in patients with early‐stage disease. However, the therapeutic outcomes in patients with metastatic melanoma remains unsatisfactory. Thus, understanding molecular mechanisms contributing to metastasis and chemoresistance is critical for new improved therapies of melanoma. Snail1, an important epithelial‐mesenchymal transition transcription factors (EMT‐TFs), is critical to induce the EMT process, thereby contributing to cancer metastasis. However, the involvement of Snail1 in melanoma metastasis remains elusive and the underlying mechanism to regulate Snail1 in melanoma needs to be further investigated. Here, we identified OTUD4 as a novel deubiquitinase of Snail1 in melanoma. Moreover, the depletion of OTUD4 in melanoma cells markedly inhibited Snail1 stability and Snail1‐driven malignant phenotypes both in vitro and in vivo. Overall, our study establishes OTUD4 as a novel therapeutic target in metastasis and chemoresistance of melanoma by stabilizing Snail1 and provides a rationale for potential therapeutic strategies of melanoma.
Research participants' perspectives about the return of uninformative genomic test results in a clinical research setting
Authors: Jamal Leila , May Makenna , Setzer Michael R. , Yu Mary , Berkman Benjamin , Similuk Morgan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe majority of genomic sequencing and microarray results are clinically uninformative, meaning that they do not suggest a need for any behavioral action or medical intervention. Prior studies have shown that recipients of uninformative genomic testing results (“uninformative results” hereafter) may incorrectly interpret them to imply a lowered risk of disease or false reassurance about future health risks. Few studies have examined how patients understand uninformative results when they are returned in a research setting, where there is wide variation in analytical specifications of testing, interpretation and reporting practices, and resources to support the return of results. We conducted cross‐sectional interviews (N = 17) to explore how a subset of research participants in one genomics study at the National Institutes of Health reacted to and understood their uninformative test results, which were returned to them via a patient portal without genetic counseling. We found that most participants did not remember the details of the informed consent process, including the distinction between “primary” and “secondary” findings. Participants had questions about what genes were tested for and, in most cases, requested a list of the genes covered. Several participants incorrectly assumed that autosomal recessive carrier results would have been reported to them if detected. Some participants interpreted their uninformative results to mean that they could forgo prenatal testing, and participants had mixed expectations about whether their results might be reinterpreted in the future. These themes suggest that there are specific challenges to returning uninformative results in research settings. Educational supplements to uninformative test reports may be most useful if they contextualize results in relation to other types of clinical genetic or genomic testing that may be made available to research participants in their lifetimes.
Prognostic Significance of the Microenvironment in Human Papillomavirus Oropharyngeal Carcinoma: A Systematic Review
Authors: Baudouin R. , Hans S. , Lisan Q. , Morin B. , Adimi Y. , Martin J. , Lechien J. R. , Tartour E. , Badoual C. 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveThe immune microenvironment of HPV‐associated (HPV+) oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs) (HPV+OPSCCs) differs from that of HPV‐independent oropharyngeal cancers (HPV‐independent OPSCCs). The literature on the subject is very abundant, demanding an organized synthesis of this wealth of information to evaluate the hypothesis associating the favorable prognosis of HPV+OPSCC patients with a different immune microenvironment. A systematic review of the literature was conducted regarding the microenvironment of HPV+OPSCCs.Data SourceMEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases.Review MethodsA literature search was performed following PRISMA guidelines (Moher D. PLoS Med. 2009). The PEO (Population, Exposure, and Outcome) framework is detailed as follows: P: patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas, E: human papillomavirus (HPV), and O: histological and immunological composition of the tumoral microenvironment (TME). No meta‐analysis was performed.ResultsFrom 1,202 studies that were screened, 58 studies were included (n = 6,474 patients; n = 3,581 (55%) HPV+OPSCCs and n = 2,861(45%) HPV‐independent OPSCCs). The presence of tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), CD3+ in 1,733 patients, CD4+ in 520 patients, and CD8+ (cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL)) in 3,104 patients, and high levels of PD‐L1 expression in 1,222 patients is strongly correlated with an improved clinical outcome in HPV+OPSCCs.ConclusionThis systematic review provides the most comprehensive information on the immune microenvironment of HPV+OPSCCs to date. Tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes and PD‐L1 expression are associated with a favorable prognosis. B, CD8+ and resident memory cells densities are higher in HPV+OPSCCs. The importance of myeloid lineages is still a matter of debate and research.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 134:1507–1516, 2024
Microbial community in the Leymus chinensis rhizosphere associates with its high production in mild saline–alkaline grassland
Authors: Guo Peiran , Guo Wei , Hao Baihui , Zhang Zhechao , Lu Chengyan , Liu Tai , Ding Shengli , Zhao Liqing , Cheng Jianwei , Li Frank Yonghong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLeymus chinensis is a dominant grass widely distributed in Central Asia, in both saline−alkaline and non‐saline−alkaline grasslands. However, the mechanisms underlying its saline−alkaline tolerance have not been explored from the perspective of rhizosphere microbial communities. We investigated L. chinensis rhizosphere microbial communities in both saline–alkaline and non‐saline–alkaline grasslands. It was found that the biomass of L. chinensis was remarkably higher in saline–alkaline than in non‐saline–alkaline habitat and that changes in the rhizosphere bacterial and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) communities had a greater effect on biomass than climate, soil moisture, nutrients, and salinity. We demonstrated that the bacteria and AMF in the rhizosphere of L. chinensis grown in saline–alkaline grassland differed from those in non‐saline–alkaline grassland, and the differences were associated with soil salinity or alkalinity. The co‐occurrence networks of bacteria and AMF and bacteria–AMF interaction networks in rhizosphere were complex and connected, with more nodes and edges and a higher average degree of nodes and modularity in the saline–alkaline grassland. More complex networks promoted plant tolerance and growth under salt–alkali stress. High number of microbial keystone taxa was related to the nutrient concentration in the soil and L. chinensis leaves, and more remarkable direct effects of the bacterial and AMF keystone communities on plant nutrient concentrations were demonstrated in saline–alkaline grassland. This indicates that bacterial and AMF communities in saline–alkaline grasslands are favorable for plant growth and nutrient uptake. This study provides an accurate and beneficial source of soil microbial assemblages for future plant–microbial joint remediation of the saline–alkaline ecosystems.