bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Similarities in the induction of the intracellular pathogen response in Caenorhabditis elegans and the type I interferon response in mammals
Authors: Lažetić Vladimir , Batachari Lakshmi E. , Russell Alistair B. , Troemel Emily R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAlthough the type‐I interferon (IFN‐I) response is considered vertebrate‐specific, recent findings about the Intracellular Pathogen Response (IPR) in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans indicate that there are similarities between these two transcriptional immunological programs. The IPR is induced during infection with natural intracellular fungal and viral pathogens of the intestine and promotes resistance against these pathogens. Similarly, the IFN‐I response is induced by viruses and other intracellular pathogens and promotes resistance against infection. Whether the IPR and the IFN‐I response evolved in a divergent or convergent manner is an unanswered and exciting question, which could be addressed by further studies of immunity against intracellular pathogens in C. elegans and other simple host organisms. Here we highlight similar roles played by RIG‐I‐like receptors, purine metabolism enzymes, proteotoxic stressors, and transcription factors to induce the IPR and IFN‐I response, as well as the similar consequences of these defense programs on organismal development.
An untargeted serum and urine lipidomics research based on UPLC–MS revealed the lipid alterations on adjuvant‐induced arthritis rats
Authors: Shi Wei , Han Yue 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease dominated by chronic inflammatory lesions of peripheral synovial joints. Growing evidence suggests that abnormal lipid metabolism levels contribute to the progression of RA. Although several metabolomics studies have shown abnormality in the RA lipidome, the relationship between the overall lipid metabolites and RA has not been systematically evaluated. In this study, an untargeted lipidomics method based on ultra performance liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS) was used to analyze the serum and urine lipidomes of adjuvant‐induced arthritis rats to study the characteristics of lipid metabolism changes in the rats and search lipid markers for diagnosing RA. By combining with orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis, a total of 52 potential lipid markers were identified, mainly involved in sphingolipid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, sterol lipid metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism and fatty acid metabolism, which provided crucial insight into lipid metabolism disturbances in RA. Further receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that the areas under the curve of PC(22:4/16:0), PI(18:1/16:0) and LacCer(d18:1/12:0) from serum and 25‐hydroxycholesterol from urine were 0.94, 1.00, 1.00 and 1.00, respectively, indicating the high predictive ability of this method for RA. In this study, our results indicated that a combination of serum and urine analysis can provide a more comprehensive and reliable assessment of RA, and a UPLC–MS‐based lipidomics strategy is a powerful tool to search for potential lipid markers associated with RA and explore the pathogenesis of RA.
Effect of Qigong exercise on non‐motor function and life quality in stroke patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Lan Yi , You Qiqi , Jiang Qingqing , Peng Xiaoxiang , Cao Shiyi , Sun Jian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundQigong have a positive impact on the rehabilitation of motor function in stroke survivors, but there is no consensus on the effectiveness of Qigong on activities of daily living (ADL), neurological function, and life quality for patients with stroke. We aimed to quantitatively evaluate the effect of Qigong on non‐motor function and life quality in stroke patients.MethodsElectronic literature searches were performed for randomized controlled trials on this topic using PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure through August 2022. The primary outcome measures were the Barthel Index, neurological deficit score (NDS), and Stroke‐Specific Quality of Life Scale (SSQLS). A random‐effects model was used to calculate the pooled mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval (CI). RevMan 5.4 software was used for meta‐analysis.ResultsA total of 16 eligible randomized controlled trials with 1253 stroke patients were included. As indicated by the Barthel Index, Qigong was associated with the improvement in daily living activities of stroke patients (MD: 10.72, 95% CI: 5.88∼15.57). It was also found that Qigong was helpful in improving life quality (SSQLS, MD: 14.41, 95% CI: 5.56∼23.25) and reducing NDSs among them (NDS, MD: −4.56, 95% CI: −6.99∼−2.14). After sensitivity analysis, the effect of Qigong on these functions and life quality did not change significantly. By subgroup analysis of intervention duration, we found that long‐term intervention (MD: 11.83, 95% CI: 2.80∼20.86) had a better effect on the improvement of daily living activities than short‐term intervention (MD: 10.07, 95% CI: 6.15∼14.00) (pfor subgroup differences = .001).ConclusionsPooled results suggested that Qigong had beneficial effects on ADL, neurological function, and life quality in stroke patients, which may provide an option for their rehabilitation.
Suppressing the P2‐O2 phase transition and Na+/vacancy ordering in Na0.67Ni0.33Mn0.67O2 by a delicate multicomponent modulation strategy
Authors: Wan Guanglin , Chen Yanxu , Peng Bo , Yu Lai , Ma Xinyi , Ahmad Nazir , Zhang Genqiang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractP2‐type Na0.67Ni0.33Mn0.67O2 is a promising cathode for sodium‐ion batteries with features of high specific capacity and air resistance, whereas its cycling stability and rate performance are dissatisfactory suffering from the disastrous P2‐O2 phase transition and Na+/vacancy ordering during sodium‐ion de/intercalation, which makes it an obstruction for future practical applications. Herein, a delicate multicomponent modulation strategy is proposed to tackle these two issues simultaneously, in which Li+ and Ti4+ are introduced to replace the Ni2+ and Mn4+, respectively, whereas the Na+ content is also designed according to the principle of charge balance. Consequently, the designed cathode (Na0.72Ni0.28Li0.05Mn0.57Ti0.10O2) can deliver an enchanting cycling stability of 80% at 1 C after 200 cycles along with a considerable rate performance of 82.7 mAh g−1 at 5 C. In situ X‐ray diffraction measurement demonstrates the destructive P2‐O2 phase transition is suppressed and converted into a P2‐Z phase transition with superior reversibility as well as smooth charge/discharge curves with better Na+/vacancy disordering. In addition, the full cell matched with hard carbon anode delivers an excellent energy density of 263.4 Wh kg−1 at 37.3 W kg−1, exhibiting great practicality. Our work presents a mean to rationally design the component of layered oxide cathode and achieve fabulous performance for sodium ion batteries.
Nanodelivery systems: An efficient and target‐specific approach for drug‐resistant cancers
Authors: Ashique Sumel , Garg Ashish , Hussain Afzal , Farid Arshad , Kumar Prashant , Taghizadeh‐Hesary Farzad 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundCancer treatment is still a global health challenge. Nowadays, chemotherapy is widely applied for treating cancer and reducing its burden. However, its application might be in accordance with various adverse effects by exposing the healthy tissues and multidrug resistance (MDR), leading to disease relapse or metastasis. In addition, due to tumor heterogeneity and the varied pharmacokinetic features of prescribed drugs, combination therapy has only shown modestly improved results in MDR malignancies. Nanotechnology has been explored as a potential tool for cancer treatment, due to the efficiency of nanoparticles to function as a vehicle for drug delivery.MethodsWith this viewpoint, functionalized nanosystems have been investigated as a potential strategy to overcome drug resistance.ResultsThis approach aims to improve the efficacy of anticancer medicines while decreasing their associated side effects through a range of mechanisms, such as bypassing drug efflux, controlling drug release, and disrupting metabolism. This review discusses the MDR mechanisms contributing to therapeutic failure, the most cutting‐edge approaches used in nanomedicine to create and assess nanocarriers, and designed nanomedicine to counteract MDR with emphasis on recent developments, their potential, and limitations.ConclusionsStudies have shown that nanoparticle‐mediated drug delivery confers distinct benefits over traditional pharmaceuticals, including improved biocompatibility, stability, permeability, retention effect, and targeting capabilities.
The potential of data analyses out of the steam control technology for the autoclaves
Authors: Theede Florian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn most AAC factories, a full control technology for steam distribution is available. Normally, measured process data like pressure and temperatures of autoclaves are stored in the system. These data are used for visual analysis of the process curves. But the potential to use these data for statistical analyses is not exploited. In this work, it is shown, how to use these data for long‐term statistical analyses to get hints for the optimization of the plant engineering. Leaks in fresh steam valves, defective condensate drains or slowly decreasing vacuum technology are recognized. Continuous monitoring of the proportion of transferred steam from finished autoclave cycles can be used for continuous improvement and allows plant comparisons. The analyses are useful to avoid sudden occurring defects in plant engineering and quality problems. It also supports process optimization and avoids energy losses in AAC factories.
Optimization of energy consumption and production volume by simulation of autoclave regimes
Authors: Haas Martin , Theede Florian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article describes the physics behind the calculation of autoclave cycles and their use in Excel and simulation tools. The idea behind this is, that each component of an autoclave regime like the autoclave, the curing equipment, the dry mass, and the water content of the AAC is considered separately and the autoclave cycle is split up into small time intervals of one minute for example. This allows to calculate the timely development of temperature, pressure, steam, and condensate quantities. It is also possible to calculate the timely development of these parameters for a stack of several autoclaves, including steam accumulators and heat recovery systems. But for this purpose, special simulation tools are required.
Morphology of cracks and comparison of load‐bearing capacity of joints of AAC masonry walls
Authors: Galman Iwona , Jasiński Radosław 
Published: September 2023

AbstractStructural problems of wall joints in masonry structures are often neglected. This has its historical justification: with the traditional binding of the walls and relatively durable walls, the damage was rare. Currently, with the constant striving to simplify the structure, the introduction of new technologies and materials, damage and failures are becoming commonplace. Replacing the traditional masonry bond with fasteners significantly affects the operation of the entire structure and its possible cracking. The paper presents the results of experimental tests of wall joints made of autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) masonry elements. Reference models consisting of two wall panels connected perpendicularly with a traditional masonry bond and models with the same geometry but with a modified connection method—using various types of connectors popular on the market (plates, rods, nets) were tested. The shape and size of the research models and the construction of the test stand were determined on the basis of the analysis of current knowledge, pilot studies and FEM numerical analyses. The mechanisms of cracking and damage as well as the behavior of different types of fasteners were compared. The analyses concerned load‐bearing capacity and the morphology and damage mechanism of the models.
Shear capacity of traditional joints between walls made of AAC masonry units
Authors: Galman Iwona , Jasiński Radosław 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe article presents the synthesis of the results of tests performed on unreinforced joints of walls made of autoclaved aerated concrete. The shape of the research element and the testing set up were innovatively designed based on the own research, literature review and numerical analyses. The article discusses the morphology of cracks and the mechanism of failure as well as the load–deflection relationship of the unreinforced joints made with traditional masonry bond. The individual work phases of the joints were specified and the rigidity of the joint was calculated. Using standardized procedures, parameters for the design of the joints were given. The obtained results encourage further analyses on the detailing of the joints and applications of new methods in the construction of the joints.
Assessment of durability of UK AAC blocks taken from walls of buildings
Authors: Fudge Clifford , Sargeant Graham 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTIt is often difficult to ascertain the durability or longevity of construction products. Two opportunities arose to examine old AAC masonry material that had been used in construction with a reasonable knowledge of the manufactured characteristics of the product. The first of these was from blocks sampled from three locations within the internal and external walls of the H+H factory in England that was being dismantled in 2013. In the second case, a partly demolished wall provided an opportunity to salvage two almost complete blocks for testing. This paper will describe the tests, and the results and compare the results with the predicted physical characteristics of the manufactured products
Shrinkage behavior of autoclaved aerated concrete containing calcined diatomaceous earth as the main silica raw materials at various autoclaving temperatures
Authors: Shams Taban , Schober Georg , Seifert Severin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn previous studies, calcined diatomaceous earth (DE) was used as the main silica raw material within the mixture of autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) to produce DE‐based AAC. Compared to the quartz‐based AAC autoclaved at 192°C, the DE‐based AAC autoclaved at 165°C exhibited, a 57% higher compressive strength and a 54% higher A‐value. In this study, the values of total drying shrinkage are presented in order to complete the results reported in previous studies. According to the results obtained in this study, for AAC with calcined DE, a decrease of 27% in the total value of drying shrinkage was observed as the autoclaving temperature was adjusted to 165°C instead of 192°C. This observation was in opposition to the behavior of AAC with quartz sand which its total value of drying shrinkage increased by 59% when the autoclaving temperature was set to 165°C instead of 192°C. However, in general, a higher total drying shrinkage was observed for the DE‐based AAC autoclaved at 165°C compared to that for the quartz‐based AAC autoclaved at 192°C. The reason could be due to the higher portion of capillary pores and non‐crystalline C‐S‐H as a result of replacing quartz sand with calcined DE within the AAC mixture.
Water absorption characteristics in autoclaved aerated concrete, diatomite, and calcium silicate board
Authors: Asamoto Shingo , Koyama Rintaro , Matsui Kunio , Takahashi Keisuke 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWater absorption into cementitious materials has been discussed to be anomalous because of the nonlinearity of cumulative water absorbed with the square root of time. In this study, the water absorption characteristics in porous materials such as autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC), diatomite, and calcium silicate board were examined focusing on the different pore structures and the gravity effect. The one‐dimensional water absorption into diatomite and calcium silicate board both from top and bottom surface can be explained by water flow under its own capillary pressure based on the Washburn equation. On the other hand, the cumulative water volume absorbed into AAC was not proportional to the square root of time. The effect of gravity affected the absorption rate but was small for the ultimate cumulative water volume absorbed in AAC. The moisture content near the top drying surface was only half of that near the bottom wetting surface. It was hypothesized that the capillary pores in AAC can be dried while the fine pores at nano meter scale can be saturated under the pore humidity near the drying surface. It is concluded that the anomaly of water absorption in AAC may be affected by complicated pore structures with fine pores as well as drying conditions opposite to wetting surfaces.
Modern AAC additive—A ready tool helping with decarbonization of AAC production by reduction of water, cement, lime and energy consumption
Authors: Horala Wojciech , Boruta Mikołaj 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEuropean Association of AAC producers (EAACA) has set the goal for the AAC industry to become carbon‐neutral by 2050, so it is now more important than ever to explore ways to achieve it. One of the readily available solutions is a dedicated additive for AAC production, production, the effects of which positively affect the reduction of CO2e emissions. The additive is a tool helping the chemical reaction and offers improvements in two key emission sources for AAC. The first one is cement and lime usage, responsible for 74% of CO2e emissions in AAC production. A few percent cutbacks of binders consumption generate direct results in this area. The second one is the production process itself, being accountable for 13% of CO2e emissions. Lowering water content in the mix directly results in a lower requirement for steam during autoclaving, therefore impacting energy usage. Reductions in these two areas can be calculated in terms of CO2e emissions, as well as economical savings. The financial advantages generated by the additive are always higher than the cost of it. The chemical and process background presented in this paper is supported with examples from AAC plants worldwide, and complemented by GHG methodology calculation where 3,6% of CO2e emissions reductions can be achieved solely by using modern additive for production.
AAC building components for modular construction using recycled materials
Authors: Łaskawiec Katarzyna , Gębarowski Piotr , Zając Piotr , Stankiewicz Jarosław 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe article presents the results of a study of the use of aggregates from the processing of wastewater treatment plant waste for the manufacture of large‐scale prefabricated building components means large‐scale autoclaved aerated concrete. This aggregate, applied to hydration‐bonded materials, makes it possible to obtain lightweight concretes (density 1400–1600 kg/m3) with increased thermal resistance. In addition, the addition of an aluminosilicate phase to the concrete mix can favorably affect mechanical characteristics and durability. The lightweight aggregate obtained using sewage sludge is characterized by high porosity, resulting from the complete combustion of the organic parts contained in the sludge (more than 90% d.m.), which act as a porophore in the ceramization process. This feature predestines this type of aggregate for use in hydration‐bonded materials that exhibit improved thermal insulation properties. The combination of sludge‐based lightweight aggregate technology with AAC production technology, therefore, implies a synergistic action to obtain a material with improved thermal insulation parameters combined with the mechanical strength expected for structural materials. An important environmental aspect of the proposed approach is the use of waste materials including municipal sewage sludge, which is particularly difficult to manage and dispose of, and the reduction of natural resource exploitation.
Investigation of the influence of bed joint steel reinforcement on the load‐bearing capacity and deformability of walls made of AAC (subjected to vertical compression). Part 2 test of the wall connection zone
Authors: Drobiec Łukasz , Mazur Wojciech 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper presents results from testing full‐scale walls made of autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC). A new type of reinforcement—steel mesh reinforcement protected against corrosion, was used in these tests. This paper is a second part of the paper and a continuation of previous tests. It presents the effect of reinforcement on the connection zone of perpendicular walls. The analysis was performed for load‐bearing capacity and crack resistance of the connection of perpendicular walls subjected to non‐uniform loading. The results were compared with the results from previous tests. The results were also analyzed and rules for using reinforcement in the connection zone of perpendicular walls were established.
Production and use of AAC in India
Authors: Bansal Sidharth , Bansal Sourabh 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAAC was introduced in India in 1970s. However, there were only three factories producing a total of less than 1 million m3/year till 2008. Post 2009, AAC blocks gained popularity due to their numerous advantages, including high strength, excellent insulation properties, fire resistance, sound absorption, and cost advantages over alternate walling materials. The use of AAC blocks has also been promoted by the Indian government's emphasis on sustainable and eco‐friendly building materials. The number of factories increased rapidly to over 150 factories with a cumulative capacity of over 25 million m3/year in 2022 (a growth of 25 times in nearly 15 years). Despite the rapid growth, the share of AAC in walling industry in India is still in the range of 5%–6%. There is still a lot of room for the industry to grow. AAC reinforced products have also been recently re‐introduced in India, though it is still at a very nascent stage and the share of AAC reinforced products in total AAC sales is less than 1%. More than 95% of AAC industry in India uses fly ash as the primary raw material and faced challenges initially to stabilize the design mix, due to variations in raw material characteristics. The rapid growth also resulted in improper implementation of standards and processes, during both production and application. The primary issue on the production side has been lower compressive strength and higher corner chipping. The main challenge on the application side has been improper techniques such as non‐usage of reinforcement beams and fiber meshes, which led to cracks in masonry subsequently. Now, the AAC industry is working together with applicators and researchers to overcome these challenges, in order to consolidate the gains and continue the rapid growth trajectory to become the preferred walling material.