bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pragmatics in the context of English for occupational purposes: Speech acts produced by Japanese workers
Authors: Hijikata Yuko , Roberts Rachael D. , Ueno Masakazu 
Published: January 2023

Background: Second-language (L2) pragmatics is one of the important fields of second-language acquisition research, where the native speakers’ norm is the standard. However, in another subfield of applied linguistics, English for occupational purposes (EOP), the importance of speakers’ expertise is instead emphasized. Although pragmatics plays an important role in workplace communication, few empirical studies examined Japanese workers’ English usage. This study clarifies how appropriately the participants can produce speech acts of request, apology, refusal, and advice-giving, and what factors affect their performances. Furthermore, we investigate the relationship between pragmatics scores and the strategies used by participants. Methods: We recruited 100 Japanese workers who speak English through a crowdsourcing platform. Complete responses from 92 participants were included in data analysis; eight people input the completion code but failed to save data on the survey response form, thus were excluded from the study. The participants answered demographic questions and then answered a written discourse completion task. We posed 12 situations, representing four speech acts: request, apology, refusal, and advice-giving. Considering the situation, the participants typed the English expression they would offer in response. Their responses were graded with a six-point rating rubric and coded using the strategy framework. Results: Multiple strategies influenced the pragmatics scores, regardless of the type of speech act. Those who obtained higher scores tended to use multiple strategies, and not only main strategies but also modifications. The L2 proficiency was a significant factor affecting how participants offer an apology, while participants’ experiences of working abroad affected how they expressed refusal. Participants who obtained higher scores tended to use indirect pragmatics strategies, accompanied by modifications. Conclusion: The application of multiple pragmatics strategies is essential, regardless of the speech act type. To extend the findings, further EOP research is required with a variety of transferred employees in inner/outer/expanding circles.
Model systems informing mechanisms and drug discovery: a systematic review of POLG-related disease models
Authors: Meyrick Jonathan , Stefanetti Renae J , Errington Linda , McFarland Robert , Gorman Gráinne S. , Lax Nichola Z. 
Published: January 2023

Introduction Pathogenic variants in the gene encoding the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase gamma (POLG), comprise an important single-gene cause of inherited mitochondrial disorders. Clinical manifestations are now recognised as an array of overlapping clinical features rather than discrete syndromes as originally conceptualised. Animal and cellular models have been used to address numerous scientific questions, from basic science to the development and assessment of novel therapies. Here, we sought to perform a systematic review of the existing models used in mitochondrial research and their effectiveness in recapitulating POLG-related disease. Methods Four databases were searched from inception to May 31, 2022: MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Review. Original articles available in English, reporting the use of a model system designed to recapitulate POLG­-related disease, or related pathogenicity, were eligible for inclusion. Risk of bias and the methodological quality of articles were assessed by an adapted version of the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool, with the quality of evidence synthesized across each model. Results A total of 55 articles, including seven model organisms (Human, yeast [Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe], Drosophila, Mouse, Nematoda, and Zebrafish) with 258 distinct variants were included. Of these, 66% (N=38) of articles recapitulated mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion and 42% (N=23) recapitulated POLG-related disease. Thirty-three percent of articles (N=18/55) utilised tissue-specific models of POLG-related dysfunction, while 13% (N=7) investigated the effect of potential therapeutics in POLG-related mitochondrial disorders. Discussion The available evidence supporting the ability of models for POLG-related disease to recapitulate molecular mechanisms and phenotype is limited, inconsistent and of poor methodologic quality. Further success in examining and translating novel therapies into effective treatments will be enhanced by the availability of more robust models that better recapitulate the entire spectrum of POLG-related disease. PROSPERO registration: CRD42021234883
Sexual activity in terms of cardiac rehabilitation after cardiovascular incidents
Authors: Grudzińska Aleksandra , Dudzińska Paulina , Milanowska Małgorzata , Jarosz Dominika , Tsitko Hanna 
Published: January 2023

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are still the leading cause of death. Environmental factors such as smoking, low physical activity and poor diet have the greatest impact on the incidence of the disease. For patients after a cardiovascular incident, cardiac rehabilitation is the key to recovery. One possible path of rehabilitation is sexual activity (SA). Sexual activities are similar to mild/moderate physical activity during a short period. Most patients are recommended to involve in sexual activity after prior comprehensive evaluation of physical condition. Before involving in sexual activity the general condition of the patient needs to be checked. A useful method for this is a stress testing. The patients with stable cardiac symptoms and good functional capacity are at a low risk of recurrent cardiovascular events, and others require treatment or improvement of heart function. The most efficient way to provide SA is a sexual counseling. Evidence suggests that relatively few cardiac patients receive sexual counseling, which can result in negative outcomes ranging from psychological, physical, and quality of life. Sexual problems and concerns are prevalent, including patient and partner fear of causing another heart attack. It is because people still believe that sexual activity is too risky and they cease all of it. Sexual counseling is needed across health care settings to ensure that patients receive information to safely resume SA.
Psoriasiform lesions as a side effect of SGLT-2 therapy
Authors: Gałązka Jakub Krzysztof , Domagalski Łukasz , Homa Piotr , Hoffman Zofia 
Published: January 2023

SGLT-2 inhibitors (flozins) are one of the new classes of anti-diabetic drugs, used from 2012. They are highly recommended in case of intolerance or contraindication of metformin, but in Poland they are used usually as third-line drug after metformin and sulfonylurea. They growing popularity is caused by their significance in cardiovascular risk reduction and preventive role in according to diabetes complications like chronic kidney disease, or diabetes-induced dementia. The aid of this article is to summarize the knowledge on the risk of psoriasis development in diabetic patients cured with flozins.
In according to the newest studies, flozins may be considered as a pro-psoriatic factor, increasing the risk of this skin disease, especially in patients with diabetic kidney disease. But on the other hand, SGLT-2 inhibitors have significantly decreasing effect on cardiovascular risk, which is increased in psoriatic patients.
The free gingival graft
Authors: Guni Alaa , Nibali Luigi 
Published: January 2023

Recession defects are widely prevalent in the adult population, with some patients being impacted by complications, including the difficulty of cleaning such sites and the risk of continued recession progression. The free gingival graft (FGG) is a form of mucogingival surgery that attempts to improve the height of the keratinized tissue (KT), as well as augment the thickness of the gingival phenotype to facilitate meticulous oral hygiene. This article discusses the indications for the surgery, the procedure, including post-operative care, and possible modifications of the technique.CPD/Clinical Relevance: Professional intervention involving a free gingival graft may be the only way to empower patients to clean the recession site without discomfort.
Mental nerve paraesthesia secondary to nicorandil-induced oral ulceration: a case report
Authors: Morgan Emma , Feinberg Lee , Rajlawat Bijaya , Field Anne 
Published: January 2023

Nicorandil, used as a treatment for angina pectoris, continues to be prescribed in the UK. The association between nicorandil and oral ulceration is well documented. Nicorandil-induced oral ulceration characteristically presents as a persistent, large, deep ulcer that can have a great impact on quality of life. A 63-year-old female was referred to the oral medicine department with a non-healing ulcer and associated paraesthesia of the left lower lip. Her drug history included nicorandil 30 mg once daily. A provisional diagnosis was made of nicorandil-induced oral ulceration with associated paraesthesia, secondary to mental nerve involvement. Following liaison with cardiology, and cessation of nicorandil medication, the ulceration healed, and the patient reported improved sensation to the lower lip. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Nicorandil-induced oral ulceration should be considered in the differential diagnosis of oral ulceration.
Anterior open bites: the additive direct resin composite solution
Authors: Kelleher Martin , Ayub Khawer 
Published: January 2023

This article describes a clinically proven, pragmatic approach to managing anterior open bites (AOBs) by using additive, non-destructive, freehand direct resin composite bonding. Direct composite has been used by many clinicians to solve a multitude of clinical problems. The use of these techniques and the procedural aspects have been published extensively. However, in relationship to managing AOBs there appears to be an under-appreciation by some practitioners, as well as by some in the orthodontic and maxillofacial communities, of its pragmatic use for managing many AOBs, or about what additive direct resin composite bonding could offer those patients who enquire about their realistic options to deal with their perceived concerns. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article seeks to raise awareness about different ways of using direct resin composite bonding (‘bondodontics’) to manage many AOBs pragmatically, at very low risk and at reasonable costs.
Large numerical aperture off-axis reflective telescope design with a freeform mirror based on aperture expansion strategy
Authors: Zhang Jialun , Zheng Yuquan , Lin Chao , Han Yanxue , Shi Yi 
Published: January 2023

Currently, the emission of greenhouse gases is one of humanity’s leading threats. To accurately and efficiently measure greenhouse gas levels in the atmosphere, we must develop imaging spectrometer systems with larger numerical apertures (NAs). However, designing a telescope with a large NA is difficult in this system. This paper presents a design strategy for aperture expansion to create a freeform telescope with a large NA. We compared different off-axis reflective telescopes and chose the Korsch structure, which has obvious advantages because of its wide field of view (FoV), large NA, and low stray light. Moreover, based on the influence of the position of the freeform surface in the aberration correction, we propose to use a single freeform surface to reduce the cost and increase manufacturability. A freeform telescope with an effective focal length of 84 mm, a large NA of 0.25, and a wide FoV of 20° is successfully designed. The modulation transfer function of the system is better than 0.62, the maximum distortion is controlled to be less than 0.486%, and the incident angle of the beam on the image plane is less than 10°. The design result shows that the instrument has wide FoV, large NA, low stray light, and high performance. At the same time, the design strategy in this paper provides an effective method for the telescope design of the imaging spectrometer with a large NA.
Near-MHz temperature and H2O measurements in post-detonation fireballs of 25  g hemispherical explosives using scanned-wavelength-modulation spectroscopy
Authors: Schwartz Charles J. , Stiborek Joshua W. , Butler Austin , Chen Damon , Guildenbecher Daniel R. , Welliver Marc , Glumac Nick , Goldenstein Christopher S. 
Published: January 2023

A laser absorption spectroscopy diagnostic integrated within a hardened
optical probe was used to measure temperature and water mole fraction
at 500 kHz in post-detonation fireballs of explosives. In the
experiments, an exploding-bridgewire detonator initiated a 25 g
hemisphere of explosive (N5 or PETN). This produced a hemispherical
fireball that traveled radially towards a hardened measurement probe.
The probe contained a pressure transducer and optical equipment to
pitch fiber-coupled laser light across a 12.6 cm gap onto a
detector. Tunable diode lasers emitting near 7185.6 and

6806

c
m

−
1

were used to measure the absorbance
spectrum of

H

2

O

utilizing peak-picking
scanned-wavelength-modulation spectroscopy with a scan frequency of
500 kHz and modulation frequencies of 35 and 45.5 MHz,
respectively. This enabled measurements of temperature and

X

H

2

O

in the shock-heated air and trailing
fireball at 500 kHz. Time histories of pressure, temperature,
and

H

2

O

mole fraction were acquired at
different standoff distances to quantify how the fireball evolved in
space and time as well as to compare measured quantities between PETN
and N5 fireballs. The standard deviation of temperature and

X

H

2

O

during one representative test were
found to be 17 K (1.3%) and 0.011 (5%), respectively. These
measurements demonstrate this diagnostic’s ability to provide rapid
and reliable measurements in harsh, highly transient post-detonation
environments produced by solid explosives.
Cardiovascular effects of exercise induced dynamic hyperinflation in COPD patients—Dynamically hyperinflated and non-hyperinflated subgroups
Authors: Lukacsovits Jozsef , Szollosi Gergo , Varga Janos T. 
Published: January 2023

Introduction
An increase in respiratory rate and expiratory flow limitation can facilitate dynamic hyperinflation (DH), which may cause an element of the intrathoracic pressure in connection with the worsening of venous return, with negative effect on stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output (CO). It has been unclassified, whether poor circulatory adaptation to exercise can be attributed to DH or poor cardio-vascular performance itself in COPD. Only a subset of COPD patients exhibit dynamic hyperinflation during exercise.

Patients and methods
We designed a study to show how lung mechanical and cardiovascular parameters change in hyperinflated and non-hyperinflated COPD patients during exercise with a new experimental set-up. Thirty-three COPD patients with similar severity of COPD and left ventricular performance (20 men, 13 women, mean±SD age: 65,36±6,95 years) participated. We measured the cardiovascular parameters with a non-invasive device (Finometer-pro) including the left ventricular ejection time index (LVETi) and estimated the change of DH with inspiratory capacity (IC) manoeuvres during exercise.

Results
Twenty-one subjects exhibited DH (DH group) and 12 did not (non-DH group). The measurement results were given in mean ± SD and difference between the values measured during maximal load and rest also (ΔX = Xmax.load—Xrest). ΔSV and ΔCO were significantly higher in non-DH vs. DH patients (ΔSV: non-DH 9,7 ± 13,22 ml vs. DH -3,6 ± 14,34 ml, p = 0.0142; ΔCO: non-DH 2,26 ± 1,46 l/min vs. DH 0,88 ± 1,35 l/min, p = 0.0024). LVETi was not different between the two groups. Calculated oxygen delivery (DO2) during maximal load was significantly higher in non-DH group.

Conclusion
We concluded that worse cardiovascular adaptation to exercise of COPD patients can be associated with exercise-induced DH in a similar cardiovascular aged COPD group.
Dynamic stability of the financial monitoring system: Intellectual analysis
Authors: Kuzmenko Olha , Bilan Yuriy , Bondarenko Evgenia , Gavurova Beata , Yarovenko Hanna 
Published: January 2023

Introduction
Although there is a growing number of scientific publications on financial monitoring, combating money laundering, the shadow economy, and the impact of corruption on economic development, further research needs to determine the stability of the national financial system in dynamics. The dynamic stability of the national financial monitoring system subjects will allow to adequately assess the effectiveness of the existing national financial monitoring system in each country and determine the influential factors.

Materials and methods
The article investigates an approach to identifying the dynamic stability of the national financial monitoring system subjects based on the calculation of the integrated indicator of the country’s financial system propensity to ALM, vector autoregression (VAR) model taking into account time lag. The proposed integrated indicator allowed to adequately assess the existing financial monitoring systems of the countries (15 countries of the European Union for 2000–2020: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Malta, Netherlands, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Spain). In addition, vector autoregression models (VAR) of the dependence of the country’s financial system propensity to ALM on the regressors Government Integrity, Index of economic freedom, Monetary Sector credit to the private sector (% GDP), were built, taking into account time lags in general and for each studied country.

Results
According to the modeling results, the national financial monitoring systems in Austria, Belgium, Estonia, Finland, France, Ireland, Netherlands, Slovak Republic, Spain were resistant to money laundering. It is vice versa in Malta, Greece, Cyprus, Portugal, Italy, Latvia. These conclusions are also confirmed based on a binary approach. Such exogenous variables as Government Integrity (with a lag of 2 years) and the Index of economic freedom (taking into account the time delays of the regression reflection under the influence of this regressor for 1 and 2 years) have a statistically significant effect on the country’s financial system.

Conclusion
The general vector autoregression (VAR) model shows that the current value of the country’s financial system propensity to ALM by 92.78% is determined by its previous value. With an increase of Government Integrity by 1%, the country’s financial system’s propensity to ALM will decrease by 0.000616 units with a lag of two years. The nature of the impact made by the Index of economic freedom on the performance feature was specific—when this indicator increases by 1% for a lag delay in one year, the PFSALM value will decrease by 0.001997 units, and for a lag delay of two years it will change the trend and increase by 0.003076 units per unit, respectively.
Impact of antiphospholipid antibodies on thrombotic events in ambulatory cancer patients
Authors: Kansuttiviwat Chalermkiat , Niprapan Piangrawee , Tantiworawit Adisak , Norasetthada Lalita , Rattarittamrong Ekarat , Rattanathammethee Thanawat , Hantrakool Sasinee , Piriyakhuntorn Pokpong , Punnachet Teerachat , Hantrakun Nonthakorn , Chai-adisaksopha Chatree 
Published: January 2023

Background
Despite the conflicting data, the positivity of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) in cancer patients may be associated with an increased risk of thrombosis.

Objective
To identify the prevalence and impact of aPL on venous thromboembolic events (VTE) and arterial thrombosis (ATE) in ambulatory cancer patients

Methods
In this single-center, prospective cohort study, we enrolled newly diagnosed ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Non-cancer controls were age- and sex-matched. Participants were evaluated for aPL. Primary outcomes were the composite outcome of VTE or ATE and the prevalence of aPL positivity in cancer patients. Secondary outcomes included the risk of VTE and ATE in cancer patients and all-cause mortality at six-month follow-up duration.

Results
There were 137 cases and 137 controls with mean age of 56.0±12.3 and 55.5±12.1 years, respectively. Cancer patients were more likely to have positive aPL compared to controls, with the risk difference of 9.4% (95%CI 1.5 to 17.5). Composite of ATE or VTE occurred in 9 (6.6%) in cancer patients and 2 (1.5%) in controls. Cancer patients with aPL positivity were associated with higher risk of ATE or VTE (risk ratio [RR] 3.6, 95% CI 1.04–12.4). Positive LA in cancer patients were associated with higher risk of composites of ATE or VTE (RR 5.3 95%CI 1.3–21.0), whereas the anti-β2-GPI positivity were associated with increased risk of VTE (RR 4.7, 95%CI 1.1–19.2).

Conclusion
aPL was more prevalent in active cancer patients and positive aPL in cancer patients was associated with arterial or venous thrombosis.
Clinical characteristics and mortality risk among critically ill patients with COVID-19 owing to the B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant in Vietnam: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Do Thanh Van , Manabe Toshie , Vu Giap Van , Nong Vuong Minh , Fujikura Yuji , Phan Dung , Pham Thach The , Do Cuong Duy , Doan Tra Thu , Nguyen Nguyen Trung , Nguyen Thai Quoc , Dong Thanh Van , Luong Chinh Quoc , Manabe Hiroki , Kambayashi Dan , Hoang Anh Viet , Vu Nhan Van , Trinh Giang Kim , Do Son Ngoc , Kamiya Takeshi , Ohara Hirotaka , Nguyen Chi Van , Dang Tuan Quoc , Kudo Koichiro , Dao Co Xuan 
Published: January 2023

Background
SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant caused a large number of COVID-19 cases in many countries, including Vietnam. Understanding mortality risk factors is crucial for the clinical management of severe COVID-19.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective study at an intensive care center in Ho Chi Minh City that urgently built by Bach Mai Hospital during the COVID-19 outbreak in Vietnam, when the Delta variant predominated. Participants were laboratory-confirmed patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, admitted in August 2021. Data on patients’ demographic and clinical characteristics, radiographic and laboratory findings, treatment, and clinical time course were compared between survivors and non-survivors. Risk factors to mortality were assessed using logistic regression.

Results
Among 504 eligible COVID-19 patients, case fatality was 52.2%. Unvaccinated patients accounted for 61.2% of non-survivors and 43.6% of survivors (p < 0.001). The time from onset to hospital admission was 8 days in non-survivors and 7 days in survivors (p = 0.004). Among non-survivors, 90.2% developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Oxygen therapy was administered for all patients, but antiviral agent was given to 51.7% of non-survivors. 54.2% of non-survivors tested positive for the bacterial infection using blood culture. The risk factors for mortality were diabetes mellitus, respiration rate, oxygen saturation, vaccination status, time from onset to admission, and older age.

Conclusions
Critical patients with COVID-19 owing to the Delta variant in Vietnam had delayed hospital admission, leading to ARDS and death. Early availability of vaccines and preventing bacterial infections are crucial for reducing mortality of COVID-19, especially in low- and middle-income countries.