bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A framework for classifying breast cancer based on deep features integration and selection
Authors: Hassan Abdallah M. , Yahya Ahmed , Aboshosha Ashraf 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDeep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) are one of the most advanced techniques for classifying images in a range of applications. One of the most prevalent cancers that cause death in women is breast cancer. For survival rates to increase, early detection and treatment of breast cancer is essential. Deep learning (DL) can help radiologists diagnose and classify breast cancer lesions. This paper proposes a computer-aided system based on DL techniques for automatically classify breast cancer tumors in histopathological images. There are nine DCNN architectures used in this work. Four schemes are performed in the proposed framework to find the best approach. The first scheme consists of pre-trained DCNNs based on the transfer learning concept. The second scheme performs feature extraction of the DCNN architectures and uses a support vector machine (SVM) classifier for evaluation. The third one performs feature integration to show how the integrated deep features may enhance the SVM classifiers' accuracy. Finally, in the fourth scheme, the Chi-square (χ2) feature selection method is applied to reduce the large feature size in the feature integration step. The results of the proposed system present a promising performance for breast cancer classification with an accuracy of 99.24%. The system performance shows that the proposed tool is suitable to assist radiologists in diagnosing breast cancer tumors.
Influence of antiresorptive/antiangiogenic therapy on the extension of experimentally induced peri-implantitis lesions
Authors: Schwarz Frank , Becker Kathrin , Lukman Fanya , Müller Katharina Melissa , Sarabhai Victoria , Rauch Nicole , Kerberger Robert , Ramanauskaite Ausra , Sader Robert , Obreja Karina 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To investigate the extension of experimentally induced peri-implantitis lesions under various antiresorptive and antiangiogenic medications.

Material and methods
Fourty-eight albino rats had randomly received the following medications (dual application, n = 8 each): (1) amino-bisphosphonate (zoledronate) (Zo), (2) RANKL inhibitor (denosumab) (De), (3) antiangiogenic (bevacizumab) (Be), (4) Zo+Be, (5) De+Be, or (6) no medication (Co). Ligature- and lipopolysaccharide-induced peri-implantitis lesions were established at 2 maxillary implants over a period of 16 weeks. Histological (e.g., apical extension and surface area of the inflammatory cell infiltrate—aICT, ICT; defect length; defect width; CD68 positive cells) and bone micromorphometric (μCT) outcomes were assessed. The animal was defined as a statistical unit.

Results
A total of n = 38 animals (Zo = 6, De = 6, Be = 8, Zo + Be = 6, De + Be = 5, Co = 7) were analyzed. ICT’s were commonly marked by a positive CD68 antigen reactivity. Comparable median aICT (lowest—Zo: 0.53 mm; highest—Be: 1.22 mm), ICT (lowest—De + Be: 0.00 mm2; highest—Co: 0.49 mm2), defect length (lowest—Zo: 0.90 mm; highest—Co: 1.93 mm) and defect width (lowest—De+Be: 1.27 mm; highest—Be: 1.80 mm) values were noted in all test and control groups. Within an inner (diameter: 0.8 mm) cylindric volume of interest, the bone microstructure did not significantly differ between groups.

Conclusions
The present analysis did not reveal any marked effects of various antiresorptive/ antiangiogenic medications on the extension of experimentally induced peri-implantitis lesions.

Clinical relevance
The extension of peri-implantitis lesions may not be facilitated by the antiresorptive and antiangiogenic medications investigated.
Variation of antlers in individual red deer (Cervus elaphus) stags: repeatability, age and side effects
Authors: Bils Katharina , Willems H. , Reiner G. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Antlers are formed anew each year to realise an optimal relationship between their size and weight and the physical body condition in Cervidae. This results in the objective to match fighting abilities with size and mechanical performance of the antlers, as well as to advertise these correlated abilities to other males and females. The resulting variation in individual antler characteristics from year to year can show considerable differences. To characterise and understand these differences is important in hunting, game management and deer breeding, as well as potentially to assess the habitat quality. However, relatively few traits of the antler have been scientifically tested for this purpose, and only a few studies were conducted on the same individual in free-ranging red deer over the years. The objective of the present study was to quantify the influence of the individual (repeatability), the age and the site on the expression of 125 antler characteristics. For this purpose, we collected 35 stags with an average of about 10 consecutive antlers per individual (confirmed by genetic analysis), a total of 355 antlers. The antlers were scanned 3-dimensionally and measured semi-automatically. Numbers, lengths, distances, circumferences, bending, curvatures, angles, forms and CIC (International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation) characteristics were compiled and evaluated in a generalised linear mixed model adapted to the distribution of the characteristics. The complete model explained 1.6 to 83% of character variation. Mean repeatability of the characteristics varied between 2.7 and 74.4%. The stags’ age explained 0 to 36.4%, and the side explained 0 to 2.5% of the variability. Some characteristics of burr, signet, beam and the lower tines reached the highest repeatability; the highest variability was found in characteristics of the crown. Values of 11 features that are frequently used in other studies corresponded very well with the present study. However, some features reached higher repeatability every year, whereas others varied more closely with age. Such characteristics might be selectively included into further research or practical applications to increase informative value.
European consumers’ beliefs about the main pillars of the sustainability: a comparison between wild and farmed fish
Authors: López-Mas Laura , Claret Anna , Arvisenet Gaëlle , del Castillo Roser Romero , Kallas Zein , Zuccaro Massimo , Guerrero Luis 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAquaculture can represent an alternative means of economic yield and food security. Despite this fact, consumers still have a more negative perception of farmed fish when compared with wild fish, including its sustainability. Understanding how consumers perceive sustainability is essential in building an effective strategy to encourage sustainable fish consumption. A survey with 2145 consumers was conducted in five European countries (France, Germany, Italy, Poland, and Spain) to inquire into consumers’ beliefs about the main pillars of the sustainability (environmental, social, and economic) when farmed and wild fish are compared, as well as to identify segments of consumers with similar beliefs about fish sustainability. Overall, results showed that European consumers perceived farmed fish as being more sustainable, locally obtained, providing environmental benefits, generating employment, improving human living conditions, generating rural development, and ensuring more fair fish prices than wild fish. Conversely, wild fish was perceived as ensuring animal welfare and being more organic but causing more environmental damage than farmed fish. Additionally, it seems that to effectively communicate aquaculture sustainability, it would be better to focus on single aspects of sustainability (beliefs) rather than focusing on the whole concept of sustainability. Finally, four segments of consumers were identified according to consumers’ beliefs, which were labelled accordingly: ambivalent, pro aquaculture, pro wild fish, and impartial. Results obtained may be helpful to provide each segment with tailored marketing strategies to stimulate farmed fish consumption and improve the overall image of the aquaculture sector to foster its full development in Europe.
Effect of anthropic disturbances on the activity pattern of two generalist mesocarnivores inhabiting Mediterranean forestry plantations
Authors: Teixeira Daniela F. , Ares-Pereira Guilherme , Camarinha Cláudia , Lima Cátia , Magalhães Ana , Castro Guilherme , Fonseca Carlos , Rosalino Luís Miguel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHumans have been altering the Mediterranean landscapes for millennia. To diminish the probability of encounters with domestic animals, humans and their activities, many species adjust their behavior to become more nocturnal. Even habitat-generalist species, such as red fox and stone marten that are somehow tolerant to environmental changes, might be affected by anthropic disturbances. Nevertheless, only a small number of studies were implemented in Iberia targeting these mesocarnivores’ activity patterns, and fewer have assessed the temporal ecology of these species in Eucalyptus plantations, the current main forest cover in Portugal. Based on camera traps, we aimed to analyze: 1) the temporal and spatio-temporal activity patterns of red fox and stone marten; and 2) how they are affected by distinct human disturbances (i.e., humans, livestock, dogs, plantations, and hunting). Foxes presented a higher crepuscular activity, while martens were entirely nocturnal, suggesting some avoidance behavior. Both mesocarnivores showed a higher overlap with dogs’ activity than with humans or livestock. Foxes’ activity patterns vary between seasons and habitats but were not influenced by the hunting period. Results suggest that both mesocarnivores, besides setting apart their activity from humans related disturbances, also show a tendency to temporally avoid each other. While the increase of nocturnality may indicate an anthropic disturbance impact, a reduction of activity overlap between mesocarnivores may be a strategy to reduce competition. These results may help support the sustainable management of landscapes by highlighting critical periods where activity overlaps may occur, and thus the anthropic impacts on wildlife are higher.
German labor market reform and the rise of Eastern Europe: dissecting their effects on employment
Authors: Walter Timo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFrom the early 1990s until 2005 the unemployment rate rose in Germany from 7.3 to 11.7%. While the unemployment rate reached its peak in 2005, it decreased steadily in the following years. The fourth stage of the German labor market reform (Hartz IV) was implemented in 2005 with the intent to cut the unemployment rate. This paper investigates the employment and welfare effects of the Hartz IV reform. Moreover, I am interested in the employment impact of German labor market reform due the rise of the East, which is the productivity increase in Germany and Eastern Europe that has fostered joint fast-growing trade. The focus lies on the national and county level (including 402 counties). As the effects on regional labor markets differ and take time, the paper builds on the dynamic and spatial trade model of Caliendo et al. (2019). I find that the Hartz IV reform is responsible for a 25% drop in unemployment, with a particular impact on eastern German counties. The rise of the East leads to an additional positive contribution to the labor market.
Detection of irregular-shaped clusters on a network by controlling the shape compactness with a penalty function
Authors: Inoue Ryo , Shiode Shino , Shiode Narushige 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRecent development of cluster detection methods focuses on the improvement of efficiency or accuracy, with the latter yielding a wide range of variants in the shape of the search window, from a simple circle and elliptic shape to more irregular shapes. Detection of irregular-shaped clusters has seen various new approaches as it is considered to capture the shape and extent of clusters more accurately. One of these newly developed approaches achieves the irregularity of the clusters by placing a penalty on the shape complexity of a candidate cluster. This study extends this approach and applies it to a network-space to detect irregular-shaped clusters along a street network segments in a small urban area. The study uses a genetic algorithm to search candidate clusters and identify the most likely cluster using the framework of spatial scan-statistics. Application of the method to a small synthetic data and a real data set revealed that providing options of different cluster patterns with different compactness parameters helps find more accurate as well as geometrically and contextually more meaningful clusters, as opposed to those detected without a shape controlling parameter.
Culture depth effect on Scenedesmus sp. growth, photo-physiology and nutrient removal rate in anaerobically digested abattoir effluent
Authors: Shayesteh Hajar , Raeisossadati Mohammadjavad , Vadiveloo Ashiwin , Bahri Parisa A. , Moheimani Navid R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHere, we evaluated the effect of culture depth on the growth and nutrient removal rate of Scenedesmus sp. grown in anaerobically digested abattoir effluent (ADAE) and cultivated semi-continuously in raceway ponds at depths of 14 cm, 17 cm, 20 cm, and 23 cm during Austral winter and summer. Culture medium pH was kept constant at pH 6.5 for all treatments throughout the experimental period using a pH–stat system. Algal cultures grown in summer had 2.3- 2.7 times higher biomass productivity than the same grown in winter. In both seasons, maximum volumetric productivity of this alga was achieved at 14 cm depth (14 cm depth⩾ 17 cm depth⩾ 20 cm depth⩾ 23 cm depth). However, areal biomass productivity of culture grown at 23 cm depth was 12% and 29% higher than that of culture grown at 14 cm depth in winter and summer, respectively. In addition, nitrogen, phosphorus and COD areal removal rates were significantly higher in cultures operated at 23 cm among all treatments in both seasons. The effective quantum yield (Fq'/Fm') in summer was 23 cm depth = 20 cm depth > 17 cm depth = 14 cm depth while it followed 14 cm depth⩾ 17 cm depth⩾ 20 cm depth⩾ 23 cm depth in winter, indicating significance of operational conditions on algal photosynthesis. The outcome of this study shows that, irrespective of the season, operating the culture in higher depths significantly increased areal biomass productivity as well as areal nutrient removal rates when treating ADAE.
Do Group Mindfulness-Based Interventions Improve Emotion Regulation in Children? A Systematic Review
Authors: Rowland Georgia , Hindman Emily , Hassmén Peter 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEmotion regulation is an essential component of prosocial behaviour and later life mental health outcomes. Group mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have been shown to be effective at enhancing attention regulation and bodily awareness, skills necessary for efficient emotion regulation in children. We aimed to review the literature to determine whether MIB improved emotion regulation in children. Nine databases were systematically searched, yielding 502 papers. After removing duplicates and screening titles and abstracts, the inclusion criterium was applied to 68 full-text papers, leaving 15 eligible for inclusion. MBIs, including participants aged between 6 and 12 years old, and a quantitative post-intervention measure of emotion regulation were included. Data were extracted and synthesised following methodological quality assessment using PICO and Cochrane risk of bias tool. Data revealed mixed results regarding the efficacy of child-focused MBIs in improving emotion regulation. Results should be interpreted with caution due to disparate outcome measures of emotion regulation, mixed MBIs and poor methodological quality in many of the included studies. MBIs can be effective in improving ER in children. Further research is required to examine the effects in clinical samples with diverse baseline ER scores, determine the long-term effects of the MBIs, and explore moderators of treatment.
Machine learning approach to packaging compatibility testing in the new product development process
Authors: Piotrowski Norbert 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe paper compares the effectiveness of selected machine learning methods as modelling tools supporting the selection of a packaging type in new product development process. The main goal of the developed model is to reduce the risk of failure in compatibility tests which are preformed to ensure safety, durability, and efficacy of the finished product for the entire period of its shelf life and consumer use. This kind of testing is mandatory inter alia for all aerosol packaging as any mechanical alterations of the packaging can cause the pressurized product to unseal and stop working properly. Moreover, aerosol products are classified as dangerous goods and any leaking of the product or propellent can be a serious hazard to the storage place, environment, and final consumer. Thus, basic compatibility observations of metal aerosol packaging (i.e. general corrosion, pitting corrosion, coating blistering or detinning) and different compatibility factors (e.g. formula ingredients, water contamination, pH, package material and coatings) were discussed. Artificial intelligence methods applied in the design process can reduce the lengthy testing time as well as developing costs and help benefit from the knowledge and experience of technologists stored in historical data in databases.
Computation of Conditional Expectations with Guarantees
Authors: Cheridito Patrick , Gersey Balint 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTheoretically, the conditional expectation of a square-integrable random variable Y given a d-dimensional random vector X can be obtained by minimizing the mean squared distance between Y and f(X) over all Borel measurable functions $$f :\mathbb {R}^d \rightarrow \mathbb {R}$$

f
:

R

d

→
R

. However, in many applications this minimization problem cannot be solved exactly, and instead, a numerical method which computes an approximate minimum over a suitable subfamily of Borel functions has to be used. The quality of the result depends on the adequacy of the subfamily and the performance of the numerical method. In this paper, we derive an expected value representation of the minimal mean squared distance which in many applications can efficiently be approximated with a standard Monte Carlo average. This enables us to provide guarantees for the accuracy of any numerical approximation of a given conditional expectation. We illustrate the method by assessing the quality of approximate conditional expectations obtained by linear, polynomial and neural network regression in different concrete examples.
Is, Ought, and Cut
Authors: Gratzl Norbert , Pavlović Edi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this paper we use proof-theoretic methods, specifically sequent calculi, admissibility of cut within them and the resultant subformula property, to examine a range of philosophically-motivated deontic logics. We show that for all of those logics it is a (meta)theorem that the Special Hume Thesis holds, namely that no purely normative conclusion follows non-trivially from purely descriptive premises (nor vice versa). In addition to its interest on its own, this also illustrates one way in which proof theory sheds light on philosophically substantial questions.
3D Quantitative Mineral Characterization of Particles Using X-ray Computed Tomography
Authors: Godinho Jose Ricardo Assunção , Hassanzadeh Ahmad , Heinig Thomas 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA new method to measure and quantify the 3D mineralogical composition of particulate materials using X-ray computed micro-tomography (CT) is presented. The new method is part of a workflow designed to standardize the analysis of particles based on their microstructures without the need to segment the individual classes or grains. Classification follows a decision tree with criteria derived from particle histogram parameters that are specific to each microstructure, which in turn can be identified by 2D-based automated quantitative mineralogy. The quantification of mineral abundances is implemented at the particle level according to the complexity of the particle by taking into consideration the partial volume effect at interphases. The new method was tested on two samples with different particle size distributions from a carbonate rock containing various microstructures and phases. The method allowed differentiation and quantification of more mineral classes than traditional 3D image segmentation that uses only the grey-scale for mineral classification. Nevertheless, due to lower spatial resolution and lack of chemical information, not all phases identified in 2D could be distinguished. However, quantification of the mineral classes that could be distinguished was more representative than their 2D quantification, especially for coarser particle sizes and for minor phases. Therefore, the new 3D method shows great potential as a complement to 2D-based methods and as an alternative to traditional phase segmentation analysis of 3D images. Particle-based quantification of mineralogical and 3D geometrical properties of particles opens new applications in the raw materials and particle processing industries.
Network authentication by close-loop synchronized chaotic lasers
Authors: Lombardi Lorenzo , Aromataris Giuseppe , Annovazzi-Lodi Valerio 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe numerically study a new hardware method for network authentication, using a pair of chaotic lasers subject to the same optical injection from a third chaotic laser, in a close-loop configuration. One laser is in the secure environment, the other is in the unsecure environment, and if their parameters are matched (i.e., they are ‘twins’), in suitable operating conditions they synchronize and generate the same pseudo-random amplitude modulation. Access to the secure environment is authorized only if the two responses are found equal. As in other schemes based on Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs), security relies on unavoidable small differences between nominally identical but physically separate devices: due to the strong sensitivity of chaos to laser parameter dispersion, finding a suitable laser to synchronize is a very difficult task for the Adversary, while the laser of the Authorized user can be selected as a twin of the one in the secure environment.