bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Das Wachstum von Randloben epiphytischer Flechten auf Kunstsubstrat – Methodische Vorarbeiten für ein erweitertes Biomonitoring/The growth of marginal lobes of corticolous lichens on artificial substrat
Authors: Tremp Horst 
Published: August 2023

In einem ersten orientierenden Untersuchungsansatz wird ein Expositionsverfahren für Randloben epiphytischer Flechten auf Kunstsubstrat vorgestellt und deren Flächenentwicklung über digitale Bildanalyse beschrieben. Das Verfahren empfiehlt sich insbesondere durch die Verwendung leicht erhältlicher Standardmaterialien und digitaler Ressourcen für das Umweltmonitoring. Die Datenauswertung fokussiert sich auf den Vitalitätsparameter Wachstum, der insbesondere an flächig entwickelten jüngeren Thallusteilen der epiphytischen Flechtenart Parmelia sulcata quantifiziert wird. Durch Verwendung standardisierter Substrate eröffnen sich Möglichkeiten, vergleichende flechtenökologische Fragestellungen etwa im Hinblick auf die dadurch besser in ihrer Bedeutung einzuschätzenden mikroklimatischen Faktoren bzw. Luftschadstoffe zu untersuchen. Für die praktische Anwendung ist im Vergleich zum augenblicklichen Verfahrensstand lediglich eine präzisere Auswahl der Flechtenexponate hinsichtlich deren Größe und Teilungszonen erforderlich sowie – bei vergleichenden Untersuchungen – eine Erhöhung der Wiederholungen.

Summary In a preliminary experimental approach, an exposure method for marginal lobes of epiphytic lichens on artificial substrate was tested. Additionally, the area development of the marginal lobes with digital image analysis is described. The methods are particularly recommended for environmental monitoring through the use of readily available standardized materials and digital resources. The data evaluation focuses on the vitality parameter growth of the corticolous lichen Parmelia sulcata, which can be quantified well on younger thallus parts (marginal lobes). The use of standardized substrates opens up the opportunity of assessing the importance of comparative lichen-ecological questions, for example with special focus on the micro climate and air pollutants, which can thereby be better differentiated from substrate factors. For practical application, in comparison to the current state of the procedure a more precise standardization of the marginal lobes with regard to their size and division zones is required, and in the case of comparative investigations an increase in the number of repetitions.
Caracterización de la evolución del Síndrome Post COVID-19 en Cochabamba Bolivia, 2020-2021
Authors: Ortega Martinez Rommer Alex 
Published: August 2023

Objetivos: La falta de una definición del síndrome post COVID-19 es un propósito de nuestro estudio, que menciona caracterizar su evolución, en pacientes mayores de 18 años de Cochabamba-Bolivia, gestión 2020-2021.
Material y métodos: Estudio prospectivo, observacional y analítico; 62 pacientes encuestados, que padecieron COVID-19, pesquisando la gravedad y persistencia de los síntomas.
Resultados: Media de edad de 34.2±11.6 años; disnea con el 45% y tos con 42%; dolor precordial 30%; astenia y mialgias 29%; ansiedad y depresión 47%, alteración de la memoria y concentración 24%; factor de riesgo predominante la obesidad con el 11%; la evolución de los síntomas fue más de 10 días en un 48%; se hospitalizaron entre 1 a 7 días con el 23%; se observó una disminución del desempeño laboral en 34%, de la calidad de vida 23% y afectación económica 58%. La persistencia de los síntomas se presentó en el 50%, en correlación con la hospitalización, disminución de la calidad de vida y enfermedad de base (p<0.05); por otro lado, se obtuvo un OR: 4.87, IC 95% (1.54-17.2) para cuadros moderados y un OR: 4.42, IC 95% (1.28-17.6) para la hospitalización en la persistencia de síntomas.
Discusión: Sobresale la presencia de pacientes jóvenes, cuadros leves y moderados, con sintomatología variada; la persistencia de síntomas se relacionó con la hospitalización y los cuadros moderados; creemos factible sugerir al síndrome COVID-19 post agudo y el síndrome COVID-19 crónico (< y > de 12 semanas), como definiciones tentativas, empero aun nos faltan más estudios al respecto.
Phytochemical Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Nicotiana tabacum and Nicotiana rustica
Authors: Tariq Muhammad , Ahmad Zubair , Shah Sher Ali , Gul Zainab , Khan Shahid Ali 
Published: August 2023

Background: All over the world, natural products containing different secondary metabolites have been used for antibacterial purposes, and as folk medicines with significant effects. Amongst many different plants, Tobacco plants are cultivated all over the world, but natively belong to America. These plants contain variety of secondary metabolites and possess significant antibacterial activity.
Objectives: To conduct phytochemical analysis and measure the antibacterial potential of Tobacco plants Nicotiana tabacum and Nicotiana rustica using their extracts.
Methodology: Multiple chemical tests such as Wagner’s test and Fehling’s test were used to determine the presence of different types of secondary metabolites. Both plant species were also screened for their antibacterial activity using agar well diffusion method.
Results: Phytochemical analysis of the extracts from both plant species i.e. Nicotiana tabacum and Nicotiana rustica indicated the presence of secondary metabolites including tannins, alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins, steroids, and flavonoids. Significant antibacterial activity of both plant extracts was observed against Staphylococcus aureus, but not against Escherichia coli.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that both plant extracts showed the presence of secondary metabolites, with significant inhibitory effect observed against Staphylococcus aureus, and no effect against Escherichia coli.
Utilization of Probiotics for the Development of Non-Dairy (Oat and Barley Based) Milk Products Targeting Lactose Intolerant Individuals
Authors: Ramzan Saniya , Sharif Mian Kamran , Ejaz Rebia 
Published: August 2023

Background: Lactose intolerance is a condition in people with inability to digest and breakdown the lactose sugar for metabolism. This disaccharide sugar is present in milk, and its products can be broken down into monosaccharide units by lactase enzyme, but its absence genetically or environmentally can make it difficult to consume the lactose containing products.
Objectives: The objective of this study is to develop and evaluate non-dairy products for consumer acceptance as milk alternate. Oats and barley milk can be the alternatives with addition of soluble and in-soluble fibers. Moreover, introduction of probiotics helps to improve nutritional characteristics and formulation of the product.
Methodology: The present study was designed to develop non-dairy milk from oats and barley, further fermented by using probiotics, namely Lactobacillus acidophilus and Streptococcus thermophilus to develop the drinking type yogurt product with better acceptability. Moreover, the milk products were examined through physical and chemical characteristics and the statistical analysis including pH, acidity, total soluble solids, specific gravity, and proximate analysis was conducted. Likewise, the fermented products were investigated for proximate, syneresis, color, texture, and sensory assessment to obtain best fit for milk substitute.
Results: The statistics for the prepared products showed that the color (using color meter) among the product range was L = 65.033-79.16; a* = -3.916 to -6.556 and b* = 13.847 to 23.0, while moisture was 87.233% to 97.713%. Furthermore, fat was 0.0143% to 2.3533%, protein 0.5433% to 3.286%, ash 0.095% to 0.4233%, texture 0.065 to 0.408, and syneresis range was 54.33 to 82.67 among the products.
Conclusion: After sensory evaluation and the analysis, the best treatment T1 (100% oat milk) is considered fit-to-substitute cow milk and its products, with higher consumer acceptability.
Lipid Profile Variations and Their Associations with Kidney Injury in Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Rashid Haji Muhammad , Sujjad Muhammad Aamer , Hassan Hiza , Khan Mudassar , Khan Jamal , Abbasi Mehreen Akhlaq 
Published: August 2023

Background: COVID effects different people in different ways. Acute kidney injury and variations in lipid profile are frequent complications among patients hospitalized for Covid-19. Severely infected patients with Covid-19 have higher frequency of kidney injury and hypolipidemia, resulting in higher mortality rate.
Objectives: The current study was designed to explore variations in lipid profile and estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) in Covid-19 patients, and to evaluate the association of eGFR with lipid parameters in Covid-19 patients (confirmed cases) and healthy controls.
Methodology: This comparative cross sectional study was carried out at pathology lab of MACCA Diagnostic, Multan from Oct 2020 to Jan 2021. We enrolled 225 Covid-19 patients as test group and 225 healthy subjects (negative for Covid-19) as control group. Fasting blood samples of Covid-19 and control group were collected to test lipid profile and eGFR. Estimated GFR was calculated from the value of serum creatinine, age, gender and ethnicity of all participants by applying Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation.
Results: All parameters of lipid profile and eGFR were significantly lower in Covid-19 patients group than healthy control group, with p-value <0.0001. We found strong positive association between eGfR and serum High density lipoproteins (HDL) levels (r2= 0.57) in Covid-19 patients.
Conclusion: Hypolipidemia and decreased in eGFR were observed in Covid-19 patients, and extent of kidney injury (decrease in eGfR) was positively associated with serum HDL.
Prevalence of Plasmodium spp. in Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Khan Aly , Sheikh Iqra , Khatoon Nasira , Waheed Samina , Shaukat S. Shahid , Khan Adnan 
Published: August 2023

Background: Malaria is caused by malaria parasite of Genus Plasmodium. It is transmitted by the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito. Four species of Plasmodium namely P. malariae, P. falciparum, P. vivax and P. ovale are responsible for causing malaria in humans. The fifth one, P. knowlesiare is responsible to cause zoonotic infection in humans. Severe malaria may lead to death in humans.
Objectives: To study the prevalence of Plasmodium spp. and to evaluate the percentage of infection in males, females and children of Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
Methodology: Samples were collected from different laboratories and hospitals of Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. Chi-square test for frequency data was performed.
Results: A total of 411 cases were found to be positive out of 2096 suspected cases. P. vivaxwas more prevalent than P. falciparum. Out of 411 patients, 296 cases were of P. vivax, 112 were of P. falciparum, 2 were of P. malariaewhile one was of P. ovale. The frequency of different species was found to be highly significant (p<0.001). In age class <1-15 yrs, 16-40 yrs and 41->80 yrs the frequency differed significantly as indicated by chi-square test (p<0.001). Our results show that infection of malaria is more frequent in males as compared to females.
Conclusion: Present survey shall be beneficial for the control of Plasmodium infection. Screening of patients who have malaria is important in other areas of Karachi as well. Additional studies with large sample sizes in other localities are required to fully understand malaria pathology in detail. The presence of P. ovaleand P. malariaecould be due to travel of subjects to African countries or Srilanka.
Effect of Post-Harvest Treatments on Quality Characteristics of Carrots During Storage
Authors: Mirani Benish Nawaz , Chattha Shakeel Hussain , Soomro Shakeel Ahmed , Wagan Bakhtawar , Dahri Imtiaz Ali , Khan Zaheer Ahmed , Zahid Ghassan , Ansari Babar Mustafa 
Published: August 2023

Background: Carrot due to its versatility in culinary uses is considered to be one of the most preferred vegetable. The carrot in Pakistan ranks third among winter vegetables, but due to adoption of improper postharvest techniques and storage, it leads to a great reduction in its quality.
Objective: The study was carried out to assess the effect of different treatments on quality characteristics of carrot.
Methodology: The study was carried out at the Laboratory of Farm Structures, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Pakistan. Freshly harvested mature carrots free from damage and fungal attack were obtained from field. The carrot samples were subjected to different post-harvest treatments i.e. 40 ºC hot water dip for 2 minutes, 50 ºC hot water dip for 2 minutes, 0.4% concentration of calcium chloride (CaCl2) dip for 2 minutes and tap water.
Results: The results revealed that moisture content and firmness decreased with increasing storage duration, whereas weight loss, fungal incidence and total soluble solids increased with increasing storage duration. The carrots treated with 0.4% concentration of CaCl2 dip for 2 minutes had maximum moisture content (78.32%) and firmness (4.12 lbs), with minimum weight loss (41.33%), fungal incidence (38.14%) and total soluble solids (10.43%), followed by 40 ºC hot water dip for 2 minutes, 50 ºC hot water dip for 2 minutes and tap water.
Conclusion: The carrots treated with 0.4% concentration of CaCl2 dip for 2 minutes showed better quality characteristics at the end of storage. The adoption of this treatment should therefore be encouraged in the developing countries for extending the quality characteristics of carrots.
Crohn's Disease: Retrospective Study In Algerian Patients
Authors: Guetarni Hassina , Aissou Meriem 
Published: August 2023

Background: Inflammatory disease of Crohn affects the entire digestive tract, with extra-intestinal manifestations and immune disorders.
Objectives: This work aims to represent the histopathological aspects of Crohn‘s disease and the establishment of pathogenic bacteria as causal agents.
Methodology: The histopathological aspects of the disease were studied on a colonic resection specimen and on intestinal biopsies with colorations topographic staining. Pathogenic bacteria responsible for Crohn‘s disease have also been isolated and identified. The study is continued to establish a correlation between the disease and exposure to infections by unusual bacteria, particularly pathogens (Salmonella, Shigella, Streptococcus pyogenes, Klebsiella).
Results : The macroscopic appearance of the disease presented transmural involvement and can be complicated by abscesses and fistulas, microscopic appearance indicated the infiltrate of inflammatory cells (lymphocytes, plasma and cells) and lymphoid follicles after topographic staining.
Crohn’s disease is an idiopathic disease, it is assumed that it is a deregulation of the immune system due to an infectious agent in genetically predisposed people.
In our work, we studied the microbiota of intestine and stool of Crohn’s patients in which we found certain bacteria including Proteus mirabilis with a predominance of E. coli. Other pathogenic bacteria were found like Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Klebsiella spp. and Streptococcus pyogenes. Two cases which tested positive on Ziehl Neelsen stain represented Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis.
Conclusion: The histopathological aspect of CD can be better visualized and identified on surgical specimens than on endoscopic biopsies, which helps to monitor the evolution of the disease and must be accompanied by clinical, serological and radiological exploration.
Intraoperative OCT (iOCT) Guidance for Determining Depth of Lens Grooving and Remaining Lens Thickness From the Posterior Capsule During Phacoemulsification in Cataract Surgery
Authors: Reinstein Dan Z. , Gupta Ruchi , Patel Darshak , Stuart Alastair , Archer Timothy J. , Potter Joseph G. 
Published: August 2023

Purpose:
To explore the utility of intraoperative optical coherence tomography (iOCT) in the determination of phacoemulsification groove depth and remaining lens thickness from the posterior capsule before lens cracking.

Methods:
In this retrospective analysis of 22 eyes, a remaining lens thickness (RLT) of less than 1.5 mm was defined as a suitable remainder to be achieved before initiating lens cracking. Phacoemulsification of the primary groove was carried out to a depth judged to be adequate by assessment of red reflex. An iOCT image was obtained; if the RLT was greater than 1.5 mm, further grooving was performed and a second iOCT measurement was obtained. Once the RLT was 1.5 mm or less, the surgeon proceeded with nucleus cracking.

Results:
The RLT was less than 1.5 mm in 90.9% of eyes (20/22). In 2 eyes (9.1%), the RLT was greater than 1.5 mm (cataract grade 2 and 5), which prompted further sculpting to deepen the groove. The final RLT was 0.99 and 0.90 mm in these 2 eyes, followed by lens cracking.

Conclusions:
Quantitative iOCT measurement enabled objective intraocular visualization of cataract groove depth prior to splitting the nucleus. Groove depth judgment using the red reflex resulted in an inadequate depth of grooving and a RLT of greater than 1.5 mm in 9% of eyes, even for an experienced surgeon. Greater difficulty was found in one dense cataract. The iOCT measurement may have helped dictate the need for further grooving before initiating lens cracking, thus minimizing the risk of a difficult or failed lens cracking. Objective confirmation of groove depth will be particularly useful for novice surgeons as they gain experience with the red reflex assessment and could be a helpful adjunct to phacoemulsification training.

[
Journal of Refractive Surgery Case Reports.
2023;3(3):e28–e32.
Réflexions sur l’obsolescence technologique dans l’art contemporain
Authors: Vidal Laure 
Published: August 2023

Cet article rend compte d’une réflexion en cours à partir de trois exemples étudiés récemment par l’auteur dans le cadre de sa formation de restaurateur à l’INP : une œuvre de César, Ensemble de télévision, au musée national d’Art moderne, Paris ; les œuvres de Jean Tinguely, au museum Tinguely à Bâle ; un exemplaire du Rotorelief de Marcel Duchamp au musée d’Art moderne de la Ville de Paris. Il aborde les problèmes posés par la restauration des œuvres électromécaniques.
Clinical Characteristics, Therapeutics, and Treatment Outcomes of Adult Patients with Anti-Melanoma Differentiation-Associated gene 5 Dermatomyositis: A Single-Center Experience from South India
Authors: Padiyar Shivraj , Nair Aswin M. , Yadav Bijesh , Manikuppam Prathyusha , Jha Avanish , Manwatkar Abhilasha Arvind , Mathew John 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
To study the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) dermatomyositis (DM).

Methods:
This was a retrospective study done between 2019 and 2021 in a tertiary care center in South India. All consecutive patients, presenting to the adult rheumatology department, classified as idiopathic inflammatory myositis (IIM), and positive for anti-MDA5 antibodies, were included in the study. Baseline characteristics of anti-MDA5 patients were compared with the data of non-MDA5 patients over the last 10 years. Clinical, biochemical, and treatment responses were assessed on follow-up. Complete and partial responders were identified using predefined criteria. Factors predicting mortality were determined by logistic regression analysis. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.

Results:
A total of 29 adult patients of IIM were positive for anti-MDA5 antibody during the study period. The mean (±standard deviation) age of the patients was 40.3 (±13.02) years with a female:male ratio of 1.4:1. Panniculitis, calcinosis, palmar papules, and ulcerated Gottron’s were the specific cutaneous manifestations, seen in 3 (10%), 7 (24%), 4 (13.4%), and 7 (24%) patients, respectively. A total of 14 patients (48.1%) had clinically amyopathic DM and 17 patients (60.7%) had interstitial lung disease (ILD) diagnosed by high-resolution computerized tomography scan, of which organizing pneumonia was the predominant pattern. Complete response was seen in 10 patients (43.4%), while a partial response was seen in 8 patients (34.7%). Five patients died on follow-up, accounting for mortality of 21%. Age >50 years was significantly associated with mortality (P = 0.025). Gottron’s sign (P < 0.001), panniculitis (P < 0.001), calcinosis (P < 0.001), cutaneous ulcerations (P < 0.001), inflammatory arthritis (P < 0.001), and ILD (P < 0.02) were present more commonly in the anti-MDA5 IIM group, whereas myopathy (P < 0.001), elevated creatine phosphokinase (P < 0.001), and lactate dehydrogenase (P < 0.001) were more frequently present in the non-anti-MDA5 IIM group (n = 421).

Conclusions:
Anti-MDA5 DM represents a distinct and unique subset of IIM with characteristic clinical manifestations. Elderly age is a poor prognostic factor of mortality.
Pengaruh Motivasi, Kompetensi Pedagogik dan Model Project Based Learning terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Sopari Sopan , Fatchia Roesida Siti , Amelia Rizkya 
Published: August 2023

Pendidikan Menengah Kejuruan adalah Pendidikan yang mengutamakan pengembangan kemampuan Siswa untuk jenis pekerjaan tertentu atau Pendidikan menengah kejuruan difokuskan pada keterampilan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi Peserta Didik agar dapat hidup mandiri dan mengikuti Pendidikan lebih lanjut sesuai dengan kejuruannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh signifikansi motivasi, kompetensi pedagogik dan model project based learning terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 83 siswa kelas XII SMK Insan Mulya dengan metode penelitian yang digunakan metode kuantitatif deskriptif melalui instrument penelitian angket, kepustakaan dan riset survey langsung di tempat penelitian SMK Insan Mulya. Hasil uji prasyarat penelitian menunjukan semua insttrumen variabel memenuhi syarat dan layak untuk diujikan, dan berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh signifikan antara motivasi, kompetensi pedagogik dan project based learning terhadap hasil belajar.dengan perolehan nilai sig 0,000 < 0,05 kontribusi motivasi 21,5%, kontribusi kompetensi pedagogik 79,2% dan kontribusi project based learning 43%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kompetensi pedagogik dan project based learning sangat berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Peneliti menyarankan agar siswa mampu memotivasi diri sendiri dan membiasakan belajar mandiri dengan mencari pengetahuan mata pelajaran produktif dari berbagai sumber informasi, tidak hanya mengandalkan pengetahuan di Sekolah.
Factors Influencing Student Financial Literacy (Case Study of Students at the Faculty of Economics and Government Science, Indo Global Mandiri University)
Authors: Mutohar Afri , Purnamasari Endah , Veronica Meilin 
Published: August 2023

This study aim to analyze the factors that affect student financial literacy with variables of class rank, GPA and pocket money. The object of this research is students of the faculty of Economics and Government Sciences, Indo Global Mandiri University. Data collection techniques were carried out by distributing questionnaires to 263 respondents individually. The hypothesis testing method is done by the chi-square test. The results of this study indicate that the class rank and GPA factors influence students’ financial literacy, while the pocket money factor do not affect students’ financial literacy.