bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The concept of national security in the light of Aristotle’s philosophy of Politics
Authors: Mrozek Jacek , Gawliczek Piotr 
Published: February 2023

Purpose: to present the main assumptions of Aristotleʼs Politics through the prism of the category of national security. Also, to reflect on the characteristics of political systems presented by Aristotle as the basis for the search for the essence of the functioning of the state, as well as an attempt to describe the perfect state (politeia).
Method: the research was conducted using the following general scientific and special methods: the historical method during the study of the development of the political systems by Aristotle in chronological order; the method of analysis and synthesis related to the functioning of the state by Aristotle, abstract-logical method – for formulating theoretical generalizations and research conclusions.
The results of the study: in the history of socio-political thought, Politics should be perceived as an important work that was the first to scientifically deal with the entire spectrum of issues of internal and external politics, tasks faced by rulers and citizens, goals of the state, and factors of its stability and development.
Theoretical implications: deepened unique perception of the state, in line with the spirit of antiquity, in which the boundary between politics and ethics is not clearly drawn. It really matters, as seen from the current approaches to the roles the state is able or supposed to play. That’s why it is worth treating the research as a good starting point for analyzing the tasks of the state, including national security.
Практична цінність дослідження: the results of the research can be considered, while analyzing the socio-political theory of Aristotle, as a supporter of the democratic system - looking for inspiration and parallel solutions for the political culture of current liberal democratic societies.
Papertype: theoretical.
Football Athletes' Motivation Without Spectators in The Stands During The New Normal
Authors: Rahmat Zikrur , Irfandi Irfandi 
Published: February 2023

The match was watched by millions of spectators which made the players' enthusiasm even moreimproved and motivated, but now have to compete behind closed doors. Based on The audience coach's statement plays an important role for players because it can Motivate the players on the pitch and add enthusiasm to achieve victory, where they fall behind the opposing team here is the role. The audience is really needed to raise enthusiasm and motivation for the audience players during a match. The audience is also often referred to as the 12th player of a game team. One of the impacts of this pandemic is being felt by soccer athletes, one of them The only impact of this pandemic is being felt by soccer athletes in Indonesia, where with the rules there should be no crowds, this also reduces their competitive motivation. Ruseski (2014:396) says by exercising or regular physical activity can reduce the risk of chronic disease, reduce stress and depression, improve emotional well-being, energy levels, self-confidence and satisfaction with social activities. During this pandemic afflict Indonesia, awareness to exercise from everyone to exercise more increased, but with limited activities outside the home and places general to keep your distance and avoid crowds. The role of the audience for athletes is very important in improving the spirit of the athletes at the time of the match, where the support from the crowd gave is a positive energy when the athlete's condition is in a pinch or lag behind the opposing side. But for the sake of fighting for dignity football in Indonesia, the soccer team continues to compete with the maximum, even though have to play without spectators. With the above problems, it is interesting to researched on the Motivation Levels of Athletes' Football Matches Without Spectators in Tribune in the New Normal Period. Based on the research objectives, there are two achievements in this study, namely: (1) developing a book on the level of motivation of football athletes, (2) developing a journal internationally reputed. This research is expected to provide benefits to increase motivation soccer athletes during matches, scientific publications and books about the level of motivation of soccer athletes.
Increased levels of NT-proBNP and troponin T 2 years after coronary artery bypass grafting complicated by mediastinitis
Authors: Risnes Ivar , Aukrust Pål , Lundblad Runar , Rødevand Olaf , Ueland Thor , Rynning Stein Erik , Saeed Sahrai 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundMediastinitis after coronary bypass grafting (CABG) increases the risk of the internal mammary artery (IMA) graft obstruction, and has a detrimental effect on long-term survival. The pathogenesis for this increased mortality is poorly understood. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between mediastinitis and persistently elevated cardiac-specific biomarkers [troponin T (TnT) and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP)] and C-reactive protein (CRP) at mid-term follow-up following CABG.Material and methodsThe epidemiologic design was of an exposed (mediastinitis, n = 41) vs. randomly selected non-exposed (non-mediastinitis) controls (n = 41) cohort. Serum samples for measurements of NT-proBNP, TnT, and CRP were obtained at a median follow up time of 2.7 (range 0.5–5.2) years after CABG surgery.ResultsNT-proBNP (mean 65.0 pg/ml vs. 34.8 pg/ml, p = 0.007) and TnT levels (mean 14.7 ng/L vs. 11.2 ng/L, p = 0.004) were significantly higher in the mediastinitis group than in the control group. Patients with mediastinitis had also higher body mass index (BMI) and were more likely to have diabetes and previous myocardial infarction. There was no difference in serum CRP level between the groups. After controlling for potential confounders (previous myocardial infarction, age, and BMI), the presence of mediastinitis was associated with higher levels of log NT-proBNP (p = 0.02) and log TnT (p = 0.04).ConclusionMediastinitis increases the concentrations of cardiac-specific biomarkers NT-proBNP and TnT at mid-term follow-up, representing persistent myocardial injury and impaired cardiac function.
Association between hemoglobin glycation index and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Xing Yuling , Zhen Yunfeng , Yang Liqun , Huo Lijing , Ma Huijuan 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveThe hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) reflects biological variability in hemoglobin A1c. Even so, studies on the relationship between HGI and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the relationship between HGI and NAFLD. In addition, the study also aimed to provide new methods to identify patients with a high risk for the development of NAFLD.MethodsThis was a retrospective study based on physical examination data from Japan. Patients were divided into quartiles (Q1–Q4) according to their HGI level; the lowest quartile (Q1) was used as the reference group. Patents were also classified into two subgroups based on the presence or absence of NAFLD. Baseline characteristics between the groups were compared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between the HGI and NAFLD. A mediation analysis examined the mediation relationship between HGI and NAFLD. Subgroup analyses were performed to the reliability of the results.ResultsA total of 14280 patients were eligible for inclusion in this study; 2515 had NAFLD. Patients in the NAFLD group had higher levels of HGI than patients in the non-NAFLD group. Increases in HGI correlated with an increased risk of NAFLD. After adjusting for confounding factors, the multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that HGI was positively related to the prevalence of NAFLD. In addition, mediation analysis showed that body mass index (BMI) partly mediated the indirect impact of HGI on NAFLD preference. Subgroup analyses were performed according to age, sex, smoking status, and waist circumference. Our results indicated that HGI significantly correlated with NAFLD in patients with one of the following factors: age ≤60 years, BMI &gt;28 kg/m2, female sex, a history of smoking, and abdominal obesity.ConclusionsHGI was an independent risk factor for NAFLD, and BMI partly mediated the association between HGI and NAFLD.
A long non-coding RNA that harbors a SNP associated with type 2 diabetes regulates the expression of TGM2 gene in pancreatic beta cells
Authors: González-Moro Itziar , Rojas-Márquez Henar , Sebastian-delaCruz Maialen , Mentxaka-Salgado Jon , Olazagoitia-Garmendia Ane , Mendoza Luis Manuel , Lluch Aina , Fantuzzi Federica , Lambert Carmen , Ares Blanco Jessica , Marselli Lorella , Marchetti Piero , Cnop Miriam , Delgado Elías , Fernández-Real José Manuel , Ortega Francisco José , Castellanos-Rubio Ainara , Santin Izortze 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionMost of the disease-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) lie in non- coding regions of the human genome. Many of these variants have been predicted to impact the expression and function of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA), but the contribution of these molecules to the development of complex diseases remains to be clarified.MethodsHere, we performed a genetic association study between a SNP located in a lncRNA known as LncTGM2 and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D), and analyzed its implication in disease pathogenesis at pancreatic beta cell level. Genetic association study was performed on human samples linking the rs2076380 polymorphism with T2D and glycemic traits. The pancreatic beta cell line EndoC-bH1 was employed for functional studies based on LncTGM2 silencing and overexpression experiments. Human pancreatic islets were used for eQTL analysis.ResultsWe have identified a genetic association between LncTGM2 and T2D risk. Functional characterization of the LncTGM2 revealed its implication in the transcriptional regulation of TGM2, coding for a transglutaminase. The T2Dassociated risk allele in LncTGM2 disrupts the secondary structure of this lncRNA, affecting its stability and the expression of TGM2 in pancreatic beta cells. Diminished LncTGM2 in human beta cells impairs glucose-stimulated insulin release.ConclusionsThese findings provide novel information on the molecular mechanisms by which T2D-associated SNPs in lncRNAs may contribute to disease, paving the way for the development of new therapies based on the modulation of lncRNAs.
Effects of titanium dioxide additions on flash ignition characteristics of aluminum and iron nanoparticles
Authors: Yu Runtian , Liu Yanxiong , Liu Guannan , Ying Yaoyao , Li Tianjiao , Liu Dong 
Published: February 2023

The flash ignition as a new ignition method has attracted lots of interest from researchers. The flash ignition can successfully achieve distributed ignition in a short time. To study the flash ignition and combustion characteristics of titanium dioxide mixed with iron nanoparticles and aluminum nanoparticles, an appropriate amount of titanium dioxide was added to the iron nanoparticles and aluminum nanoparticles to form the composite material. The ignition phenomenon of mixture materials was recorded by the high-speed camera and the temperature distribution of ignited materials was calculated by using the two-color method. The minimum ignition energy of mixture materials with different content of titanium dioxide and total mass was measured to analyze the method to decrease the minimum ignition energy. The results showed that the effect of the added titanium dioxide was insignificant on the combustion phenomenon of the iron nanoparticles. The temperature was still maintained at approximately 850 K compared with the pure iron nanoparticles. The minimum ignition energy of the mixture materials increased with the increasing content of titanium dioxide. As for the aluminum nanoparticles, titanium dioxide can enhance the explosion phenomenon occurring at the beginning of the flash ignition. In the exposure process. With the content of titanium dioxide in the range of 0%–20%, the minimum ignition energy of the mixture materials decreased greatly. The content increased to the range of 20%–40%, the minimum ignition energy was neglected. When the content was further increased to higher than 60%, the minimum ignition energy gradually increased until it gets the saturation condition.
“Norms” as the noumenon, “functions” for use: A new idea of cultivated land administrative protection in China
Authors: Li Lingling , Gao Haoran , Cui Caixian 
Published: February 2023

In the 70 years since it has been founded, China’s cultivated land protection work has made remarkable achievements: less than 10% of the world’s cultivated land has fed 22% of the world’s population and 900 million peasants have the foundation on which to survive and develop. However, under the strictest protection system such as “Grow Teeth” (GT), there is still a deviation of “norm-value” and “demand-efficacy” in the Administrative Protection of Cultivated Land (APCL) at this stage. This paper uses normative analysis method, similar case research method as well as value analysis method to find that the legitimacy of the current APCL system is insufficient: on the one hand, under the perspective of functionalist “needs and efficacy”, the existing Cultivated Land Protection Law (Draft) (CLPL) and other normative documents cannot meet the needs of APCL penalties, relief, public welfare, etc.; On the other hand, from the perspective of normative “value legitimacy”, APCL legitimacy value foundation is lacking due to the limitations of overall value fragmentation, insufficient compatibility value and fragile defensive value. Therefore, the value base of APCL should be dismantled under the guidance of “function for use” to disassemble the functions of punishment, relief and public welfare, so as to specifically realize the construction of CLPL subjects, the inheritance of regulations, the transformation of responsibility subdivision, and the Land Administration Law and other regulatory continuations, to carry out protective measures such as clarifying the scope of punishment and giving compulsory force after coordination to cultivated land protection inspection recommendations, so as to give full play to the efficacy of APCL.
Single cell analysis via mass cytometry of spontaneous intestinal perforation reveals alterations in small intestinal innate and adaptive mucosal immunity
Authors: Olaloye Oluwabunmi , Eke Chino , Jolteus Abigail , Konnikova Liza 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionSpontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) is a poorly understood severe gastrointestinal complications of prematurity which is poorly understood. Extremely premature infants born prior to 28 weeks’ gestation develop a localized perforation of the terminal ileum during the first week of life and therapy involves surgery and cessation of enteral feeds. Little is known regardj g the impact of mucosal immune dysfunction on disease pathogenesis.MethodsWe performed mass cytometry time of flight (CyTOF) of small intestinal mucosa of patients with SIP (Gestational age (GA) 24 – 27 weeks, n=8) compared to patients who had surgery for non-SIP conditions (neonatal (GA &gt;36 weeks, n=5 ) and fetal intestine from elective terminations (GA 18-21 weeks, n=4). CyTOF analysis after stimulation of T cells with PMA/Ionomycin was also performed.ResultsWe noted changes in innate and adaptive mucosal immunity in SIP. SIP mucosa had an expansion of ckit+ neutrophils, an influx of naïve CD4 and CD8 T cells and a reduction of effector memory T cells. SIP T cells were characterized by reduced CCR6 and CXCR3 expression and increased interferon gamma expression after stimulation.DiscussionThese findings suggest that previously unrecognized immune dysregulation is associated with SIP and should be explored in future studies.
The metabolic underpinnings of temperature-dependent predation in a key marine predator
Authors: Csik Samantha R. , DiFiore Bartholomew P. , Kraskura Krista , Hardison Emily A. , Curtis Joseph S. , Eliason Erika J. , Stier Adrian C. 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionChanges in temperature can fundamentally transform how species interact, causing wholesale shifts in ecosystem dynamics and stability. Yet we still have a limited understanding of how temperature-dependence in physiology drives temperature-dependence in species-interactions. For predator-prey interactions, theory predicts that increases in temperature drive increases in metabolism and that animals respond to this increased energy expenditure by ramping up their food consumption to meet their metabolic demand. However, if consumption does not increase as rapidly with temperature as metabolism, increases in temperature can ultimately cause a reduction in consumer fitness and biomass via starvation.MethodsHere we test the hypothesis that increases in temperature cause more rapid increases in metabolism than increases in consumption using the California spiny lobster (Panulirus interruptus) as a model system. We acclimated individual lobsters to temperatures they experience sacross their biogeographic range (11, 16, 21, or 26°C), then measured whether lobster consumption rates are able to meet the increased metabolic demands of rising temperatures.Results and discussionWe show positive effects of temperature on metabolism and predation, but in contrast to our hypothesis, rising temperature caused lobster consumption rates to increase at a faster rate than increases in metabolic demand, suggesting that for the mid-range of temperatures, lobsters are capable of ramping up consumption rates to increase their caloric demand. However, at the extreme ends of the simulated temperatures, lobster biology broke down. At the coldest temperature, lobsters had almost no metabolic activity and at the highest temperature, 33% of lobsters died. Our results suggest that temperature plays a key role in driving the geographic range of spiny lobsters and that spatial and temporal shifts in temperature can play a critical role in driving the strength of species interactions for a key predator in temperate reef ecosystems.
Acoustic telemetry system as a novel approach for evaluating the effective attraction of fish to artificial reefs
Authors: Lyu Shaoliang , Lauden Hagai Nsobi , Wang Lifei , Chen Guobao , Wang Zhichao , Lin Kun , Wang Xuefeng 
Published: February 2023

Due to there being a lack of suitable approaches for evaluating the effectiveness of artificial reefs, two experiments were designed to examine the feasibility of acoustic telemetry, a rapidly developing method for tracking aquatic animals. The first experiment was conducted to understand the deployment procedures of an acoustic telemetry system and determine the appropriate deployment of receivers’ spacing, while the second experiment was conducted to quantify the site fidelity and habitat use of 11 reef fish in the Fangchenggang artificial reef area in the northern South China Sea, China. The results indicated that the logistic regression model was an effective way to balance the detection probability at different distances between the range test transmitter and receiver, with above 50% detection probability within 240 m and 80% detection probability within 110 m. The residency index, as a quantification of site fidelity, was 0.85 ± 0.24. The 100% minimum convex polygon, 95% kernel utilization distribution, and 50% kernel utilization distribution, which are the indicators of habitat use, were 34,522.94 ± 35,548.95, 1,467.52 ± 1,619.05, and 236.01 ± 294.59 m2, respectively. High site fidelity and the small spatial scale of habitat use for reef fish demonstrated that artificial reefs were an effective man-made structure to attract fish. Overall, this study supports the feasibility of the acoustic telemetry system, indicating that it provides a good approach for quantifying the associations between artificial reefs and fish.
Introducing helmet non-invasive ventilation during COVID-19 pandemic: Early experience of two centres
Authors: Chaudhuri Dipayan , Sharma Rishi , Burns Karen E. A. , Piticaru Joshua , Cook Deborah J. , Rochwerg Bram 
Published: February 2023

PurposeThe helmet is a novel interface for delivering non-invasive ventilation (NIV). We conducted a case series to characterize introduction of the helmet interface in both COVID and non-COVID patients at two-centres.MethodsWe enrolled all patients with respiratory failure admitted to the Juravinski Hospital (Hamilton, Canada) and St. Joseph’s Health Center (Syracuse, New York) between November 1, 2020 and June 30, 2021 who used the helmet interface (Intersurgical StarMed) as part of this introduction into clinical practice. We collected patient demographics, reason for respiratory failure, NIV settings, device-related complications and outcomes. We report respiratory therapist’s initial experiences with the helmet using descriptive results.ResultsWe included 16 patients with a mean age of 64.3 ± 10.9 years. The most common etiology for respiratory failure was pneumonia (81.3%). The median duration of NIV during the ICU admission was 67.5 (15.3, 80.8) hours, with a mean maximum PS of 13.9 ± 6.6 cm H2O and a mean maximum PEEP of 10.4 ± 5.1 cm H20. Three patients (18.7%) did not tolerate the helmet. Ten (62.5%) patients ultimately required intubation, and 7 (43.4%) patients died while in the ICU. The most common reason for intubation was worsening hypoxia (70%). No adverse events related to the helmet were recorded.ConclusionOver the 8-month period of this study, we found that the helmet was well tolerated in over 80% of patients, although, more than half ultimately required intubation. Randomized controlled trials with this device are required to fully assess the efficacy of this interface.
Effects of hemicellulose on intestinal mucosal barrier integrity, gut microbiota, and metabolomics in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Liu Huan , Xu Jihao , Yeung Chiuwing , Chen Qikui , Li Jieyao 
Published: February 2023

Background and objectiveImpaired gut barrier contributes to the progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and the gut microbiota and metabolome play an important role in it. Hemicellulose, a potential prebiotics, how its supplementation impacted the glucose level, the impaired gut barrier, and the gut microbiota and metabolome in T2DM remained unclear.MethodsIn this study, some mice were arranged randomly into four groups: db/db mice fed by a compositionally defined diet (CDD), db/db mice fed by a CDD with 10% and 20% hemicellulose supplementation, and control mice fed by a CDD. Body weight and fasting blood glucose levels were monitored weekly. The gut barrier was evaluated. Fresh stool samples were analyzed using metagenomic sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to detect gut microbiota and metabolome changes. Systemic and colonic inflammation were evaluated.ResultsBetter glycemic control, restoration of the impaired gut barrier, and lowered systemic inflammation levels were observed in db/db mice with the supplementation of 10 or 20% hemicellulose. The gut microbiota showed significant differences in beta diversity among the four groups. Fifteen genera with differential relative abundances and 59 significantly different metabolites were found. In the db/db group, hemicellulose eliminated the redundant Faecalibaculum and Enterorhabdus. The increased succinate and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) after hemicellulose treatment were negatively correlated with Bifidobacterium, Erysipelatoclostridium, and Faecalibaculum. In addition, hemicellulose reduced the colonic expressions of TLR2/4 and TNF-α in db/db mice.ConclusionHemicellulose may serve as a potential therapeutic intervention for T2DM by improving impaired intestinal mucosal barrier integrity, modulating gut microbiota composition, and altering the metabolic profile.