bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN SOAL CERITA BERBASIS HOTS (HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILL) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA SD NEGERI 2 TEMPILANG
Authors: Ayu Erliyana Andika , Destiniar Destiniar , Selegi Susanti Faipri 
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study was to find out whether giving HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skill) based word problems to students at SD Negeri 2 Tempilang can improve mathematics learning outcomes. This research method uses an experimental method with the Posttest-Only Control Design. The population in this study were fifth grade students. The sample in this study was 60 students. The sampling technique was carried out by means of simple random sampling. Test data collection techniques and documentation. Data analysis techniques in this study used the normality test (Kolmogorov-Smirnov), homogeneity test (F test), t-test (Independent Sample T-Test). The results of the calculation of data analysis obtained the average value of the control class posttest results of 58.20 and the experimental class posttest results of 81.83. So it can be concluded that giving HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skill) based word problems to students at SD Negeri 2 Tempilang has an effect on their mathematics learning outcomes. Therefore, fifth grade elementary school students can use HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skill) based word problems to improve their higher order thinking skills.Keyword: Influence, Story Problems, HOTS, Learning Outcomes, Mathematics Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat apakah pemberian soal cerita berbasis HOTS dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan desain Posttest-Only Control Design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 60 siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara simple random sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data tes dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji normalitas (Kolmogorov-Smirnov), uji homogenitas (uji F), uji-t (Independent Sample T-Test). Hasil perhitungan analisis data diperoleh nilai rata-rata hasil posttest kelas kontrol sebesar 58,20 dan hasil posttest kelas eksperimen sebesar 81,83. Maka pemberian soal cerita berbasis HOTS di SD Negeri 2 Tempilang berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar matematika mereka. Oleh karena itu, siswa kelas V SD dapat menggunakan soal cerita berbasis HOTS guna meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir tingkat tingginya.Kata Kunci: Pengaruh, Soal Cerita, HOTS, Hasil Belajar, Matematika
PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK DAN MEDIA MODIFIKASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR TOLAK PELURU GAYA ORTODOK PELAJAR SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS KELAS XII
Authors: Tumanggor Robi Hidayat , Bangun Sabaruddin Yunis 
Published: July 2023

The goal of this study was to ascertain how class XII junior high school students learned after receiving conventional style input using a scientific method and changed media. Students in class XII at a high school are the research subjects for this classroom action research study. SMA Negeri 3 Negeri Medan has 40 pupils, including 18 males and 22 girls. The Toss Ball Process Assessment Form was the tool employed in this study. The raw data used in the research was collected from SMA Negeri 3 Medan students in class XII. Eight (20%) of the 40 students—who had an average mark of 61.04—reached the master's level, whereas 32 (80%) did not.The results of the first cycle: S1 failed 22 students (55%) and S2 achieved 18 of 40 students (45%), the average value of students 69.4. In fall II, 6 students (15%) failed the exam, and 34 students (85%) out of 40 students achieved an average maturity level of 82.7. This means that classical learning ability (≥85%) has been achieved. The conclusion of this study is that a scientific approach and modified media can be used to improve the academic achievement of class XII students using orthodox media.Keyword: Enhancement, Scientific Approach, Modification of Learning, Learning Outcomes, Shot Put Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hasil belajar input gaya ortodoks dengan pendekatan saintifik dan media modifikasi pada peserta didik SMP kelas XII di SMA Negeri 3 Negeri Medan. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 40 siswa dari kelas XII, terdiri dari 18 laki-laki dan 22 perempuan. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Data penelitian ini didasarkan pada data mentah dari siswa kelas XII SMA Negeri 3 Medan. Penelitian ini menggunakan formulir Penilaian Proses Toss Ball. Dari 40 siswa, 32 tidak lulus (80%) dan 8 (20% dari total) mencapai magister dengan nilai rata-rata 61,04. Siklus I hasil: S1 gagal 22 peserta didik (55%) dan S2 tercapai 18 dari 40 peserta didik (45%), nilai rata-rata peserta didik 69,4. Pada musim gugur II, 6 peserta didik (15%) gagal dalam ujian, dan 34 peserta didik (85%) dari 40 peserta didik mencapai tingkat kematangan rata-rata 82,7. Artinya kemampuan belajar klasikal (≥85%) telah tercapai. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pendekatan saintifik dan media modifikasi dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan prestasi akademik peserta didik kelas XII dengan menggunakan media ortodoks.Kata Kunci: Peningkatan, Pendekatan Saintifik, Modifikasi Pembelajaran, Hasil Belajar, Tolak Peluru
ANALISIS MISKONSEPSI SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA OPERASI HITUNG CAMPURAN MENGGUNAKAN CERTAINTY OF RESPON INDEX (CRI) DI SDN 105300 DELI TUA T.A 2022/2023
Authors: Amira Shopia , Mailani Elvi 
Published: July 2023

This study aims to: (1) Know the description of students' misconceptions about story questions in arithmetic operations material using the Certainty of Response Index (CRI) method in class IV SDN 105300 Deli Tua and (2) Know the types of misconceptions experienced by students in word problems in speed material with the Certainty of response index (CRI) method in class IV SDN 105300 Deli Tua. The type of this research is qualitative and quantitative research (mixed method). The subjects in this study were 21 grade IV students. The research instrument used was an essay test equipped with the Certainty of Response Index (CRI) method to identify misconceptions experienced by students. The results showed that as many as 9%, students who did not understand the concept were 56%, and students who had misconceptions were 35%. Based on the results of the analysis carried out in this study, it was found that there were 4 types of misconceptions experienced by fourth grade students at SDN 105300 Deli Tua which included systematic misconceptions, basic misconceptions, computational misconceptions, and language interpretation misconceptions. The percentage results show that 36% of students experience systematic misconceptions, 33% of students experience basic misconceptions, 6% of students experience computational misconceptions, and 25% of students experience language interpretation misconceptions.Keyword: Misconceptions, Certainty of response index (CRI), Mixed Count Operations Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) Mengetahui gambaran miskonsepsi siswa pada soal cerita dalam materi operasi hitung dengan metode Certainty of respon index (CRI) dikelas IV SDN 105300 Deli Tua dan (2) Mengetahui jenis miskonsepsi yang dialami oleh siswa pada soal cerita dalam materi kecepatan dengan metode Certainty of respon index (CRI) dikelas IV SDN 105300 Deli Tua. Adapun jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dan kuantitatif (mixed method). Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV yang berjumlah 21 siswa. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah tes esai yang dilengkapi dengan menggunakan metode Certainty of respon index (CRI) untuk mengidentifikasi miskonsepsi yang dialami oleh siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak sebanyak 9%, siswa yang tidak paham konsep sebanyak 56%, dan siswa yang mengalami miskonsepsi sebanyak 35%. Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang dilakukan dari penelitian ini diperoleh 4 jenis miskonsepsi yang dialami oleh siswa kelas IV SDN 105300 Deli Tua yang meliputi miskonsepsi sistematika, miskonsepsi dasar, miskonsepsi perhitungan, dan miskonsepsi interpretasi bahasa. Hasil presentase menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 36% siswa mengalami miskonsepsi sistematika, sebanyak 33% siswa mengalami miskonsepsi dasar, sebanyak 6% siswa mengalami miskonsepsi perhitungan, dan sebanyak 25% siswa mengalami miskonsepsi interpretasi bahasa.Kata Kunci: Miskonsepsi, Certainty of respon index (CRI), Operasi Hitung Campuran
PENERAPAN PENDEKATAN KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS PADA MATERI MAGNET UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Manurung Imelda Free Unita , Rahma Filza Mulya , Sihombing Natasya , Siregar Rizky Zulayha 
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this research is to apply the science process skills approach to magnetic material to improve the learning outcomes of fourth grade students at SDN Mukti Lincir Aceh Singkil and to find out how the learning process is implemented using experimental methods on magnetic material. The method used in this study is a descriptive method to describe the application of the science process skills approach to the experimental method. Based on the research results obtained through experimental activities in class IV students, totaling 9 people consisting of 5 girls and 4 boys who were divided into 3 groups at SDN Mukti Lincir Aceh Singkil, an increase in learning outcomes, while the results of student responses were based on the questionnaire on the application of the science process skills approach showed a very satisfactory category was obtained by 93,4 %.Keyword: Science Process Skills, Magnets, Learning Outcomes Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menerapkan pendekatan keterampilan proses sains pada materi magnet untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas IV di SDN Mukti Lincir Aceh Singkil dan untuk mengetahui bagaimana keterlaksanaan proses pembelajaran menggunakan metode eksperimen pada materi magnet. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif untuk mendeskripsikan penerapaan pendekatan keterampilan proses sains dengan metode eksperimen. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh melalui kegiatan eksperimen pada siswa kelas IV yang berjumlah sebanyak 9 orang terdiri dari 5 perempuan dan 4 laki laki yang terbagi menjadi 3 kelompok di SDN Mukti Lincir Aceh Singkil diperoleh peningkatan terhadap hasil belajar, sedangkan hasil respon peserta didik berdasarkan angket terhadap penerapan pendekatan keterampilan proses sains menunjukkan kategori sangat memuaskan sebesar 93,4 %.Kata Kunci: Keterampilan Proses Sains, Magnet, Hasil belajar
Monitoring of Inflation in the New Geopolitical Reality
Authors: Burtseva T. A. , Frenkel A. A. , Tikhomirov B. I. , Surkov A. A. 
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the assessment of the inflation rate based on the aggregated inflation index, which characterizes the dynamics of business processes in the main sectors and spheres of the national economy in the conditions of a new geopolitical reality due to the coronavirus pandemic and sanctions wars in connection with Russia’s special military operation in the Donbas and Ukraine (SMO). The object of the study is the monitoring of inflation, acting as an up-todate leading socio-economic barometer formed through the integration of private inflation indicators. During periods of macroeconomic instability, private inflation indices ambiguously reflect the real situation about the ongoing production and inflationary processes in the national economy. As a result, the decisions made are based mainly on unilateral expert analysis, which reduces the effectiveness of the decisions made. The article proposes an approach based on the selection and integration of private inflation indicators and the construction of an aggregated index using statistical methods. This makes it possible to more accurately and quickly calculate the impact of prices and tariffs on the development of key economic complexes, which determines the change in income levels and, accordingly, the quality of life of the population. The proposed methodology opens up significant prospects for monitoring inflation in comparison with the consumer price index used in Russian practice. The result of the work were the conclusions of the authors obtained by analyzing the calculations of the dynamic series of aggregated and partial inflation indices. It is determined that it is advisable to use the aggregated inflation index when indexing pensions, justifying the subsistence minimum and other macro indicators characterizing the level of economic growth and social progress. The aggregated inflation index is proposed to be considered as a target macro indicator of strategic development.
Using COSO to Mitigate Service Learning Project Risk
Authors: Bee Sarah , Parra Fernando , Bailey Austin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Service learning helps students learn by applying accounting concepts and ethics principles to real accounting tasks in community service organizations. Despite the benefits of service learning, few instructors use it (Abes, 2002). We identify risks instructors face while facilitating service learning projects and present a model of the COSO Internal Control–Integrated Framework (2013) as a mechanism for risk mitigation. We also provide a handbook with guidance and document templates to help mitigate service learning project risk and to facilitate project implementation.
Reliability and Validity of Self-Reported Vascular Risk Factors: Hypertension, Diabetes, and Heart Disease, in a Multi-Ethnic Community Based Study of Aging and Dementia
Authors: Lee Annie J. , Sanchez Didi , Reyes-Dumeyer Dolly , Brickman Adam M. , Lantigua Rafael A. , Vardarajan Badri N. , Mayeux Richard 
Published: July 2023

Background: Queries for the presence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk factors are typically assessed through self-report. However, the reliability and validity of self-reported cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk factors remain inconsistent in aging research. Objective: To determine the reliability and validity of the most frequently self-reported vascular risk factors: hypertension, diabetes, and heart disease. Methods: 1,870 individuals aged 65 years or older among African Americans, Caribbean Hispanics, and white non-Hispanic individuals were recruited as part of a community study of aging and dementia. We assessed the reliability, validity, sensitivity, specificity, and percent agreement of self-reported hypertension, diabetes, and heart disease, in comparison with direct measures of blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and medication use. The analyses were subsequently stratified by age, sex, education, and ethnic group. Results: Reliability of self-reported hypertension, diabetes, and heart disease was excellent. Agreement between self-reports and clinical measures was moderate for hypertension (kappa: 0.58), good for diabetes (kappa: 0.76–0.79), and moderate for heart disease (kappa: 0.45) differing slightly by age, sex, education, and ethnic group. Sensitivity and specificity for hypertension was 88.6% –78.1%, for diabetes was 87.7% –92.0% (HbA1c ≥6.5%) or 92.7% –92.8% (HbA1c ≥7%), and for heart disease was 85.8% –75.5%. Percent agreement of self-reported was 87.0% for hypertension, 91.6% –92.6% for diabetes, and 77.4% for heart disease. Conclusion: Ascertainment of self-reported histories of hypertension, diabetes, and heart disease are reliable and valid compared to direct measurements or medication use.
ASSOCIATION OF PATTERN OF MAXILLOFACIAL INJURIES WITH MECHANISM OF TRAUMA
Authors: Tariq Ahmad  , Muslim Khan  , Atta Ur Rehman  , Bashir Rehman  , Sana Mushtaq  , Ammara  
Published: July 2023

Objectives:
The objective of the study was to determine the association of pattern of different maxillofacial injuries and fracture with the mechanism of trauma.Methods and materials:
This study was conducted in department of oral and maxillofacial surgery from June 2020 till December 2020. Fifty one patients were included in this study after taking an informed consent. The data collection was completed on a performa including the variables of age, gender, mechanism of trauma, pattern of injury and site of trauma. Data was analysed with SPSS version 19. Percentage and frequencies were calculated for descriptive variables. Pearson Chi-square test was applied to determine the statistical relationship between the variables. The probability value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically signifi cant.Results:
In this study 51 patients, 42 male (82.4%) and 9 female (17.6%) were included. Mean age of the patients was 23.5 years. The mechanism of trauma was road traffic accidents (RTA) in 37 patients (72.5%), 7 (13.7%) had fall, assault in 5 (9.8%) patients and fire arm injuries in 2 (3.9%) patients. The pattern of injuries was compound fractures in 41(80.4%) patients, simple fracture in 8 (15.7%) patients and comminuted fractures in 2(3.9%) patients. RTA was associated with the ZMC fracture and parasymphyseal fracture of mandible.Conclusion:
The pattern of maxillofacial trauma diff ers in association with mechanism of injury. The incidence of trauma is more among front seat passengers and drivers than back seat passengers. Thus more safety measures are required for front seat passengers and drivers.
Genetic and phenotypic time trends of litter size, piglet mortality, and birth weight in pigs
Authors: Knap Pieter W. , Knol Egbert F. , Sørensen A. Christian , Huisman Abe E. , van der Spek Dianne , Zak Louisa J. , Granados Chapatte Ana , Lewis Craig R. G. 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionLitter size in pigs has increased steadily since 1990. Because of unfavorable genetic correlations with piglet mortality, breeding goals should include survival traits next to litter size. Unbalanced breeding programs that neglect this requirement have produced increased mortality levels, attracting negative public attention. Balanced breeding does not have this disadvantage, but the general public is largely unaware of this.MethodsWe present long-term time trends as realized in commercial breeding. The data includes (i) phenotypes of litter size, piglet birth weight, and piglet mortality, as used in routine breeding value estimation; and (ii) the genomic Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (gBLUP) estimated breeding values thus obtained. Piglet mortality (2001–2022) and birth weight (2009–2022) phenotypes were related to litter size by recording year. Estimated breeding values (EBVs) for the mortality traits were regressed on those for litter size by birth year (2012–2022).ResultsAverage litter size is very weakly correlated to the mortality (R2 ≤ 0.06) and birth weight (0.07 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.26) traits, and those correlations are unfavorable (antagonistic) within each year. However, all traits analyzed here show favorable simultaneous phenotypic and genetic trends over time: the antagonisms are neutralized by balanced breeding. Above the annual mean litter size level, farrowing and lactation mortality rates increased with increasing litter size in every year (unfavorable), but the annual intercepts and the slopes decreased from 2001 to 2022 (favorable). Average litter birth weight decreased with litter size in every year (unfavorable), but the annual intercepts increased and the slopes decreased from 2009 to 2022 (favorable). The within-litter birth weight variation coefficient increased with litter size in every year (unfavorable), but the annual intercepts decreased from 2009 to 2022 (favorable). The proportion of low birth weights (i.e.,&lt; 0.9 kg) for a given litter size is decreasing over time, and the critical birth weight level (below which lactation mortality increases strongly) is clearly population dependent and changes over time too.DiscussionThe increases in litter size and piglet survival rates due to balanced breeding policies lead to reduced total numbers of dead piglets (i.e., per country, per year) coinciding with a certain pig production volume (i.e., with a certain total number of weaned piglets).
Using machine learning to assist auditory processing evaluation
Authors: Wimalarathna Hasitha , Ankmnal-Veeranna Sangamanatha , Duong Minh , Allan Chris , Agrawal Sumit K. , Allen Prudence , Samarabandu Jagath , Ladak Hanif M. 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionApproximately 0.2–5% of school-age children complain of listening difficulties in the absence of hearing loss. These children are often referred to an audiologist for an auditory processing disorder (APD) assessment. Adequate experience and training is necessary to arrive at an accurate diagnosis due to the heterogeneity of the disorder.ObjectivesThe main goal of the study was to determine if machine learning (ML) can be used to analyze data from the APD clinical test battery to accurately categorize children with suspected APD into clinical sub-groups, similar to expert labels.MethodsThe study retrospectively collected data from 134 children referred for ADP assessment from 2015 to 2021. Labels were provided by expert audiologists for training ML models and derived features from clinical assessments. Two ensemble learning techniques, Random Forest (RF) and Xgboost, were employed, and Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) were used to understand the contribution of each derived feature on the model's prediction.ResultsThe RF model was found to have higher accuracy (90%) than the Xgboost model for this dataset. The study found that features derived from behavioral tests performed better compared to physiological test features, as shown by the SHAP.ConclusionThe study aimed to use machine learning (ML) algorithms to reduce subjectivity in audiological assessments used to diagnose APD in children and identify sub-groups in the clinical population for selective interventions.SignificanceThe study suggests that this work may facilitate the future development of APD clinical diagnosis software.