bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Borrower's Socio-Economic Profile on Agribusiness Loans Default Rate in Agricultural Finance Corporation, Mount Kenya Region
Authors: Miriti M’Muruku Salesio , Kingori Gathungu Geofrey , Mwirigi Rael Nkatha 
Published: May 2023

Background: Agribusiness loans advanced by Agricultural Finance Corporation (AFC) in Mount Kenya Region have high default rate of 20.33% which compares unfavourably with 10% benchmark for all types of loans in Kenya. This is a challenge, given the strategic importance of agribusiness credit in mainstreaming livelihoods to alleviate poverty by offering occupational and professional opportunities. This study aimed at analysing effect of borrower’s socio-economic profile on AFC loan default rate in agricultural finance corporation, Mount Kenya Region.
Methods: According to AFC records Mount Kenya region represents a branch network of 11 branches and a population of 3,002 agribusiness borrowers. Using a descriptive research design a sample of 300 borrowers was drawn from a combined list through systematic random sampling technique with an interval of ten. Primary data on borrower’s socio-economic profile was collected using a structured questionnaire. The data was analysed using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS V.27) and Stata version. Using regression analysis, the effect of independent and dependent variable to predict default rate was estimated. ANOVA was performed to get the F-statistic so as to test for the adequacy of the regression model. The logit econometric model was used to specify the statistical relationship between the independent variable and AFC loan default.
Results: Results of the study revealed that multiple borrowing and borrower-lender distance were significant at 5%. Farming experience, borrowing experience and off-farm income were significant at 10%, 5% and 1% levels of significance. Multiple borrowing and borrower-lender distance were found to have 5.5% and 0.8% associations with default rate, respectively.
Conclusion: The findings show that to mitigate default, the borrower should avoid multiple borrowing and manage the friction of distance. The study is significant since it enlightens the credit stakeholders on collective efforts that are effective in addressing the problem of default. The study recommends government interventionist policy by facilitating uptake of agricultural insurance and subsidizing input costs. Borrowers are encouraged to embrace technology, team up as farming communities to look for markets and affordable inputs, adopt agricultural insurances and adhere to lending directives.
Non-contact Measurement Using Ultrasonic Technology for Human Anthropometric: A Narrative Review
Authors: Siswati Tri , Rialihanto Muhammad Primiaji , Paramashanti Bunga Astria 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Stunting is a public health priority in low- and middle-income countries. Thus, the validity and reliability of anthropometric measurement tools become critical for early stunting detection in children.
Objective: This article aims to review the use of ultrasonic sensors in human anthropometric and body measurements.
Methods: We conducted a narrative review of articles regarding the ultrasonic sensor for measuring anthropometrics in the human body between 2016 and 2022. We focused particularly on the use of ultrasonic sensors in children’s anthropometrics, body size, and body measurements.
Results: According to the findings, the majority of non-contact measurements using ultrasonic sensors were applied to adults, though several studies also involved pregnant women to measure foetus size. These studies showed that ultrasonic sensors were beneficial as they served as accurate, reproducible, affordable, and easy-to-use tools.
Conclusion: Future studies are warranted to understand the significance of the non-contact measurements for children’s anthropometrics, especially for early stunting detection.
The Skin of Color Society’s Meeting the Challenge Summit, 2022
Authors: Cobb Caryn B. C. , Heath Candrice R. , Byrd Angel S. , McKinley-Grant Lynn J. , Callender Valerie , Adamson Adewole S. , Brown Stafford , Desai Seemal R. , Glass Donald A. , Jaleel Tarannum , Okoye Ginette A. , Taylor Susan C. , Harvey Valerie M. 
Published: May 2023

ImportanceClinical trials remain the cornerstone for determining the safety and efficacy of an intervention. A diverse participant pool in dermatology clinical trials is critical to ensure that results are generalizable among the patient population who will ultimately depend on the efficacy of the intervention. The Skin of Color Society hosted the inaugural Meeting the Challenge Summit: Diversity in Dermatology Clinical Trials in Washington, DC, from June 10 to 11, 2022. The summit was an interactive and collaborative effort to advance discussions regarding the need for broader inclusion of racial and ethnic minority patients in dermatology clinical trials.ObservationsThe summit focused on 3 principal areas: (1) understanding the current clinical trials landscape; (2) breaking down patient, clinician, industry, and regulatory barriers; and (3) effecting change through a diversity-focused strategy. The program hosted thought-provoking panel talks and discussions with various stakeholder groups, including a keynote presentation from the family of Henrietta Lacks.Conclusions and RelevancePanel discussions and insightful presentations from physicians, industry leaders, community trailblazers, and patients fostered new collaborations. The summit provided recommendations and suggested strategies for future initiatives designed to increase the representation of minority individuals in dermatology clinical trials.
A deep learning‐based crack damage detection in exterior finish of timber houses in Japan for automated damage diagnostic system
Authors: Yamada Tomoyuki , Chida Hiroyuki , Takahashi Noriyuki 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTo ensure the speed, accuracy, and fairness of the building damage survey, a deep learning diagnostic support technique for crack damage that occurs around openings such as windows on the exterior finish is studied. Firstly, using training images based on fake crack images generated by Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Network (DCGAN), a deep learning model that can detect with high accuracy was constructed. Generally, in order to clarify the relationship between exterior finish damage and inter‐story drift ratio, it is necessary to analyze a wide range of intervening parameters. Secondly, this paper begins by focusing on “the relationship between exterior finish surface damage and the deformation of the exterior finish itself”, and this relationship is investigated by an optical measurement method applied for the in‐plane shear force tests. Finally, to analyze the relationship between the deep learning model and the image acquisition conditions, outdoor camera shooting test of damaged specimens was conducted.
Characteristics of co‐renovation (part 1): Effectiveness of renovation in detached house areas for human connections, case study in Shioya, Kobe
Authors: Nishino Yuichiro , Takeshita Masataka , Honda Yuki , Tokuono Tetsu , Yokoyama Shunsuke 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper introduces the concept of co‐renovation, which involves creating a network of people, objects, and events during the renovation process. The study examines the effectiveness of co‐renovation in two ways. First, by promoting an open approach to the renovation process and the resulting house, it is possible to stimulate connections between those involved in the renovation. Second, the creation of a renovation network can encourage a sense of community development, leading to independent regional initiatives that extend beyond the renovation project. To optimize the effectiveness of co‐renovation, it is crucial to foster spontaneous connections, and this paper provides a summary of the factors that contribute to this.
Morphological Effects on the Performance of Broadband Organic Photomultiplication Photodetectors Containing Selenium Substituted Non‐Fullerene Acceptors
Authors: Suthar Gajendra , Hsiao Yu‐Tang , Tsai Kuen‐Wei , Liao Chuang‐Yi , Chu Chih‐Wei , Chang Yi‐Ming , Chen Fang‐Chung 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOrganic photodetectors (OPDs) with spectral response extending from ultraviolet to near‐infrared domains are of great interest for many applications. Morphological impact on the performance of photomultiplication (PM)‐type OPDs, however, is still rarely investigated so far. Herein, a non‐fullerene acceptor, Y6‐Se‐HD, is synthesized, in which heavier selenium atoms substitute the sulfur atoms in the core of Y6, and used for fabricating PM‐OPDs. The resulting devices exhibit remarkable PM effects in a very broadband spectral range covering from 320 to 1090 nm. A maximum EQE value of ≈6500% at 860 nm is achieved at a low bias of −1.0 V. As compared with the device prepared with Y6 molecules, the Y6‐Se‐HD OPDs exhibited much enhanced performance. From the morphological analysis, we infer that Y6‐Se‐HD almost covers the entire active layer and avoids the direct contact of the hole‐trapping donor polymers with the Ag electrode, thereby resulting in stronger charge trapping and preventing possible charge recombination and/or quenching. Furthermore, finer phase separation between the donor and acceptor molecules also facilitates hole trapping and strengthens the PM effects. This research highlights the importance of morphological effects on the PM‐OPDs and demonstrates one approach for controlling the device morphology.
Supramolecular Fibrous Hydrogel Augmentation of Uterosacral Ligament Suspension for Treatment of Pelvic Organ Prolapse
Authors: Miller Beverly , Wolfe Wiley , Gentry James L. , Grewal M. Gregory , Highley Christopher B. , De Vita Raffaella , Vaughan Monique H. , Caliari Steven R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUterosacral ligament suspension (USLS) is a common surgical treatment for pelvic organ prolapse (POP). However, the relatively high failure rate of up to 40% underscores a strong clinical need for complementary treatment strategies, such as biomaterial augmentation. Herein, the first hydrogel biomaterial augmentation of USLS in a recently established rat model is described using an injectable fibrous hydrogel composite. Supramolecularly‐assembled hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel nanofibers encapsulated in a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐degradable HA hydrogel create an injectable scaffold showing excellent biocompatibility and hemocompatibility. The hydrogel can be successfully delivered and localized to the suture sites of the USLS procedure, where it gradually degrades over six weeks. In situ mechanical testing 24 weeks post‐operative in the multiparous USLS rat model shows the ultimate load (load at failure) to be 1.70 ± 0.36 N for the intact uterosacral ligament (USL), 0.89 ± 0.28 N for the USLS repair, and 1.37 ± 0.31 N for the USLS + hydrogel (USLS+H) repair (n = 8). These results indicate that the hydrogel composite significantly improves load required for tissue failure compared to the standard USLS, even after the hydrogel degrades, and that this hydrogel‐based approach can potentially reduce the high failure rate associated with USLS procedures.
Ready‐To‐Use and Rapidly Biodegradable Magnesium Phosphate Bone Cement: In Vivo Evaluation in Sheep
Authors: Schröter Lena , Kaiser Friederike , Preißler Anna‐Lena , Wohlfahrt Philipp , Küppers Oliver , Gbureck Uwe , Ignatius Anita 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn clinical practice, hydroxyapatite (HA) cements for bone defect treatment are frequently prepared by mixing a powder component and a liquid component shortly before implantation in the operation theater, which is time‐consuming and error‐prone. In addition, HA cements are only slightly resorbed, that is, cement residues can still be found in the bone years after implantation. Here, these challenges are addressed by a prefabricated magnesium phosphate cement paste based on glycerol, which is ready‐to‐use and can be directly applied during surgery. By using a trimodal particle size distribution (PSD), the paste is readily injectable and exhibits a compressive strength of 9–14 MPa after setting. Struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O), dittmarite (MgNH4PO4·H2O), farringtonite (Mg3(PO4)2), and newberyite (MgHPO4·3H2O) are the mineral phases present in the set cement. The paste developed here features a promising degradation of 37% after four months in an ovine implantation model, with 25% of the implant area being newly formed bone. It is concluded that the novel prefabricated paste improves application during surgery, has a suitable degradation rate, and supports bone regeneration.
Strong Tough Thermogalvanic Hydrogel Thermocell With Extraordinarily High Thermoelectric Performance
Authors: Liu Lili , Zhang Ding , Bai Peijia , Mao Yin , Li Qi , Guo Jiaqi , Fang Yanjie , Ma Rujun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThermocells can continuously convert heat into electricity, and they are widely used to power wearable electronic devices. However, they have a risk of leakage and poor mechanical properties. Although quasi‐solid ionic thermocells can overcome the issue of electrolyte leakage, the trade‐off between their excellent mechanical properties and high thermopower remains a major challenge. In this study, stretching‐induced crystallization and the thermoelectric effect are combined to propose a high‐strength quasi‐solid stretchable polyvinyl alcohol thermogalvanic thermocell (SPTC) with a large tensile strength of 19 MPa and high thermopower of 6.5 mV K−1. The SPTC exhibits a high stretchability of 1300%, ultrahigh toughness of 163.4 MJ m−3, and high specific output power density of 1969 µW m−2 K−2. These comprehensive properties are superior to those of previously reported quasi‐solid stretchable thermogalvanic thermocells. The use of SPTC‐based systems in wearable devices for energy‐autonomous strain sensors and health monitoring is demonstrated. This can facilitate the rapid implementation of sustainable wearable electronics in the Internet of Things era.
Spatially‐Encoding Hydrogels With DNA to Control Cell Signaling
Authors: Ramani Namrata , Figg C. Adrian , Anderson Alex J. , Winegar Peter H. , Oh EunBi , Ebrahimi Sasha B. , Samanta Devleena , Mirkin Chad A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPatterning biomolecules in synthetic hydrogels offers routes to visualize and learn how spatially‐encoded cues modulate cell behavior (e.g., proliferation, differentiation, migration, and apoptosis). However, investigating the role of multiple, spatially defined biochemical cues within a single hydrogel matrix remains challenging because of the limited number of orthogonal bioconjugation reactions available for patterning. Herein, a method to pattern multiple oligonucleotide sequences in hydrogels using thiol‐yne photochemistry is introduced. Rapid hydrogel photopatterning of hydrogels with micron resolution DNA features (≈1.5 µm) and control over DNA density are achieved over centimeter‐scale areas using mask‐free digital photolithography. Sequence‐specific DNA interactions are then used to reversibly tether biomolecules to patterned regions, demonstrating chemical control over individual patterned domains. Last, localized cell signaling is shown using patterned protein–DNA conjugates to selectively activate cells on patterned areas. Overall, this work introduces a synthetic method to achieve multiplexed micron resolution patterns of biomolecules onto hydrogel scaffolds, providing a platform to study complex spatially‐encoded cellular signaling environments.
Ultrasound‐Triggered Cascade Amplification of Nanotherapy
Authors: Zhuang Fan , Xiang Huijing , Huang Beijian , Chen Yu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUltrasound (US)‐triggered cascade amplification of nanotherapies has attracted considerable attention as an effective strategy for cancer treatment. With the remarkable advances in materials chemistry and nanotechnology, a large number of well‐designed nanosystems have emerged that incorporate presupposed cascade amplification processes and can be activated to trigger therapies such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and ferroptosis, under exogenous US stimulation or specific substances generated by US actuation, to maximize antitumor efficacy and minimize detrimental effects. Therefore, summarizing the corresponding nanotherapies and applications based on US‐triggered cascade amplification is essential. This review comprehensively summarizes and highlights the recent advances in the design of intelligent modalities, consisting of unique components, distinctive properties, and specific cascade processes. These ingenious strategies confer unparalleled potential to nanotherapies based on ultrasound‐triggered cascade amplification and provide superior controllability, thus overcoming the unmet requirements of precision medicine and personalized treatment. Finally, the challenges and prospects of this emerging strategy are discussed and it is expected to encourage more innovative ideas and promote their further development.
Spatial‐Selective Volumetric 4D Printing and Single‐Photon Grafting of Biomolecules within Centimeter‐Scale Hydrogels via Tomographic Manufacturing
Authors: Falandt Marc , Bernal Paulina Nuñez , Dudaryeva Oksana , Florczak Sammy , Größbacher Gabriel , Schweiger Matthias , Longoni Alessia , Greant Coralie , Assunção Marisa , Nijssen Olaf , van Vlierberghe Sandra , Malda Jos , Vermonden Tina , Levato Riccardo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractConventional additive manufacturing and biofabrication techniques are unable to edit the chemicophysical properties of the printed object postprinting. Herein, a new approach is presented, leveraging light‐based volumetric printing as a tool to spatially pattern any biomolecule of interest in custom‐designed geometries even across large, centimeter‐scale hydrogels. As biomaterial platform, a gelatin norbornene resin is developed with tunable mechanical properties suitable for tissue engineering applications. The resin can be volumetrically printed within seconds at high resolution (23.68 ± 10.75 µm). Thiol–ene click chemistry allows on‐demand photografting of thiolated compounds postprinting, from small to large (bio)molecules (e.g., fluorescent dyes or growth factors). These molecules are covalently attached into printed structures using volumetric light projections, forming 3D geometries with high spatiotemporal control and ≈50 µm resolution. As a proof of concept, vascular endothelial growth factor is locally photografted into a bioprinted construct and demonstrated region‐dependent enhanced adhesion and network formation of endothelial cells. This technology paves the way toward the precise spatiotemporal biofunctionalization and modification of the chemical composition of (bio)printed constructs to better guide cell behavior, build bioactive cue gradients. Moreover, it opens future possibilities for 4D printing to mimic the dynamic changes in morphogen presentation natively experienced in biological tissues.
Mn2+‐Based Luminescent Metal Halides: Syntheses, Properties, and Applications
Authors: Liang Dehai , Xiao Hongbin , Cai Wensi , Lu Shirong , Zhao Shuangyi , Zang Zhigang , Xie Lei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLead‐free metal halides are considered a new generation of optoelectronic materials due to their low toxicity, superior optoelectronic properties, ease of synthesis, structural diversity, and low cost. In particular, Mn2+‐based metal halides have earned intensive attention owing to their high emission quantum efficiency, rich physical properties (e.g., triboluminescence and stimuli‐responsivity), low cost, and toxicity. Due to the different coordination environments of Mn ions, Mn2+‐based metal halides can exhibit green, red, and near‐infrared emissions. This review summarizes the recent progress of Mn2+‐based metal halides in synthesis methods, emission mechanisms, photophysical properties, and representative applications in X‐ray scintillations, white light‐emitting diodes, optical anti‐counterfeiting technologies, and fluorescent sensors. Finally, the challenges and potential research directions toward developing Mn2+‐based metal halides are also predicted.
Self‐Powered Te/Wse2 Van Der Waals Heterojunction Photodetectors With High Light On/Off Ratio And Fast Response
Authors: He Xu , Zhang Ling , Hong Wenting , Wang Bicheng , Sun Fapeng , Hong Zhaoan , Cai Qian , Sun Zhihua , Liu Wei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe development of a self‐powered photodetector capable of functioning without an external power source has generated significant interest among researchers due to the growing demand for miniaturization and portability. In this study, a p‐Te/n‐WSe2 van der Waals heterojunction with a distinct rectification ratio exceeding 104, an ultralow reverse current of 10−11 A, and a light on/off ratio of up to 5657 under 405 nm light illumination is fabricated. Additionally, the Te/WSe2 heterojunction displayed a fast response speed of 18 µs and a broadband detection capability from 405 to 1550 nm. Furthermore, the Te/WSe2 heterojunction demonstrated a competitive self‐powered photodetector, exhibiting a light on/off ratio above 5 × 104, a photovoltaic responsivity of 196 mA W−1, and a photovoltaic detectivity of 7.5 × 1011 Jones. This study highlights the promising potential of Te/WSe2 vdWH for ultrasensitive self‐powered photodetection applications.
Capacity Consistency Prediction and Process Parameter Optimization of Lithium‐Ion Battery based on Neural Network and Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Han Youjun , Yuan Hongyuan , Shao Ying , Li Jin , Huang Xuejie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe grading capacity of lithium‐ion battery is an important basis for evaluating battery quality. Aiming at the difficulty of determining the critical control factors and the threshold of the control parameters in the lithium‐ion battery manufacturing process, a capacity prediction and process parameter optimization model of lithium‐ion battery is proposed by combining the back propagation (BP) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms. First, the BP method is applied to establish the nonlinear mapping relationship between process data and grading capacity, which is regarded as the capacity consistency prediction model. Second, using the prediction model as fitness function and combining with PSO algorithm, the optimization model of process parameters is established. Finally, under the given initial process parameters from the lithium‐ion battery pilot line, it is carried out to obtain the best process parameter formula. The results show that the BP method has an accurate capacity consistency prediction effect. Combined with PSO algorithm, the optimized process parameters are obtained, which significantly improves the capacity consistency of lithium‐ion batteries. The results serve as an engineering application method to guide the selection and confirmation of process parameters at the battery design stage.