bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deconvoluting Cr states in Cr-doped UO2 nuclear fuels via bulk and single crystal spectroscopic studies
Authors: Murphy Gabriel L. , Gericke Robert , Gilson Sara , Bazarkina Elena F. , Rossberg André , Kaden Peter , Thümmler Robert , Klinkenberg Martina , Henkes Maximilian , Kegler Philip , Svitlyk Volodymyr , Marquardt Julien , Lender Theresa , Hennig Christoph , Kvashnina Kristina O. , Huittinen Nina 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCr-doped UO2 is a leading accident tolerant nuclear fuel where the complexity of Cr chemical states in the bulk material has prevented acquisition of an unequivocal understanding of the redox chemistry and mechanism for incorporation of Cr in the UO2 matrix. To resolve this, we have used electron paramagnetic resonance, high energy resolution fluorescence detection X-ray absorption near energy structure and extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopic measurements to examine Cr-doped UO2 single crystal grains and bulk material. Ambient condition measurements of the single crystal grains, which have been mechanically extracted from bulk material, indicated Cr is incorporated substitutionally for U+4 in the fluorite lattice as Cr+3 with formation of additional oxygen vacancies. Bulk material measurements reveal the complexity of Cr states, where metallic Cr (Cr0) and oxide related Cr+2 and Cr+32O3 were identified and attributed to grain boundary species and precipitates, with concurrent (Cr+3xU+41-x)O2-0.5x lattice matrix incorporation. The deconvolution of chemical states via crystal vs. powder measurements enables the understanding of discrepancies in literature whilst providing valuable direction for safe continued use of Cr-doped UO2 fuels for nuclear energy generation.
Cross-modal autoencoder framework learns holistic representations of cardiovascular state
Authors: Radhakrishnan Adityanarayanan , Friedman Sam F. , Khurshid Shaan , Ng Kenney , Batra Puneet , Lubitz Steven A. , Philippakis Anthony A. , Uhler Caroline 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA fundamental challenge in diagnostics is integrating multiple modalities to develop a joint characterization of physiological state. Using the heart as a model system, we develop a cross-modal autoencoder framework for integrating distinct data modalities and constructing a holistic representation of cardiovascular state. In particular, we use our framework to construct such cross-modal representations from cardiac magnetic resonance images (MRIs), containing structural information, and electrocardiograms (ECGs), containing myoelectric information. We leverage the learned cross-modal representation to (1) improve phenotype prediction from a single, accessible phenotype such as ECGs; (2) enable imputation of hard-to-acquire cardiac MRIs from easy-to-acquire ECGs; and (3) develop a framework for performing genome-wide association studies in an unsupervised manner. Our results systematically integrate distinct diagnostic modalities into a common representation that better characterizes physiologic state.
Dependency of NELF-E-SLUG-KAT2B epigenetic axis in breast cancer carcinogenesis
Authors: Zhang Jieqiong , Hu Zhenhua , Chung Hwa Hwa , Tian Yun , Lau Kah Weng , Ser Zheng , Lim Yan Ting , Sobota Radoslaw M. , Leong Hwei Fen , Chen Benjamin Jieming , Yeo Clarisse Jingyi , Tan Shawn Ying Xuan , Kang Jian , Tan Dennis Eng Kiat , Sou Ieng Fong , McClurg Urszula Lucja , Lakshmanan Manikandan , Vaiyapuri Thamil Selvan , Raju Anandhkumar , Wong Esther Sook Miin , Tergaonkar Vinay , Rajarethinam Ravisankar , Pathak Elina , Tam Wai Leong , Tan Ern Yu , Tee Wee-Wei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCancer cells undergo transcriptional reprogramming to drive tumor progression and metastasis. Using cancer cell lines and patient-derived tumor organoids, we demonstrate that loss of the negative elongation factor (NELF) complex inhibits breast cancer development through downregulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness-associated genes. Quantitative multiplexed Rapid Immunoprecipitation Mass spectrometry of Endogenous proteins (qPLEX-RIME) further reveals a significant rewiring of NELF-E-associated chromatin partners as a function of EMT and a co-option of NELF-E with the key EMT transcription factor SLUG. Accordingly, loss of NELF-E leads to impaired SLUG binding on chromatin. Through integrative transcriptomic and genomic analyses, we identify the histone acetyltransferase, KAT2B, as a key functional target of NELF-E-SLUG. Genetic and pharmacological inactivation of KAT2B ameliorate the expression of EMT markers, phenocopying NELF ablation. Elevated expression of NELF-E and KAT2B is associated with poorer prognosis in breast cancer patients, highlighting the clinical relevance of our findings. Taken together, we uncover a crucial role of the NELF-E-SLUG-KAT2B epigenetic axis in breast cancer carcinogenesis.
RAD-TGTs: high-throughput measurement of cellular mechanotype via rupture and delivery of DNA tension probes
Authors: Pawlak Matthew R. , Smiley Adam T. , Ramirez Maria Paz , Kelly Marcus D. , Shamsan Ghaidan A. , Anderson Sarah M. , Smeester Branden A. , Largaespada David A. , Odde David J. , Gordon Wendy R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMechanical forces drive critical cellular processes that are reflected in mechanical phenotypes, or mechanotypes, of cells and their microenvironment. We present here “Rupture And Deliver” Tension Gauge Tethers (RAD-TGTs) in which flow cytometry is used to record the mechanical history of thousands of cells exerting forces on their surroundings via their propensity to rupture immobilized DNA duplex tension probes. We demonstrate that RAD-TGTs recapitulate prior DNA tension probe studies while also yielding a gain of fluorescence in the force-generating cell that is detectable by flow cytometry. Furthermore, the rupture propensity is altered following disruption of the cytoskeleton using drugs or CRISPR-knockout of mechanosensing proteins. Importantly, RAD-TGTs can differentiate distinct mechanotypes among mixed populations of cells. We also establish oligo rupture and delivery can be measured via DNA sequencing. RAD-TGTs provide a facile and powerful assay to enable high-throughput mechanotype profiling, which could find various applications, for example, in combination with CRISPR screens and -omics analysis.
Throwing and manipulating and cheating with a DNA nano-dice
Authors: Tang Xiaochen , Chen Tianshu , Li Wenxing , Mao Dongsheng , Liu Chenbin , Wu Qi , Huang Nan , Hu Song , Sun Fenyong , Pan Qiuhui , Zhu Xiaoli 
Published: April 2023

AbstractArtificial molecular machines have captured the imagination of researchers, given their clear potential to mimic and influence human life. Key to behavior simulation is to reproduce the specific properties of physical or abstract systems. Dice throwing, as a stochastic model, is commonly used for result judgment or plan decision in real life. In this perspective we utilize DNA cube framework for the design of a dice device at the nanoscale to reproduce probabilistic events in different situations: equal probability, high probability, and low probability. We first discuss the randomness of DNA cube, or dice, adsorbing on graphene oxide, or table, and then explore a series of events that change the probability through the way in which the energy released from entropy-driven strand displacement reactions or changes in intermolecular forces. As such, the DNA nano-dice system provides guideline and possibilities for the design, engineering, and quantification of behavioral probability simulation, a currently emerging area of molecular simulation research.
Controllable dimensionality conversion between 1D and 2D CrCl3 magnetic nanostructures
Authors: Lu Shuangzan , Guo Deping , Cheng Zhengbo , Guo Yanping , Wang Cong , Deng Jinghao , Bai Yusong , Tian Cheng , Zhou Linwei , Shi Youguo , He Jun , Ji Wei , Zhang Chendong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe fabrication of one-dimensional (1D) magnetic systems on solid surfaces, although of high fundamental interest, has yet to be achieved for a crossover between two-dimensional (2D) magnetic layers and their associated 1D spin chain systems. In this study, we report the fabrication of 1D single-unit-cell-width CrCl3 atomic wires and their stacked few-wire arrays on the surface of a van der Waals (vdW) superconductor NbSe2. Scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy and first-principles calculations jointly revealed that the single wire shows an antiferromagnetic large-bandgap semiconducting state in an unexplored structure different from the well-known 2D CrCl3 phase. Competition among the total energies and nanostructure-substrate interfacial interactions of these two phases result in the appearance of the 1D phase. This phase was transformable to the 2D phase either prior to or after the growth for in situ or ex situ manipulations, in which the electronic interactions at the vdW interface play a nontrivial role that could regulate the dimensionality conversion and structural transformation between the 1D-2D CrCl3 phases.
Thalamo-cortical circuits during sensory attenuation in emerging psychosis: a combined magnetoencephalography and dynamic causal modelling study
Authors: Hua Lingling , Adams Rick A. , Grent-‘t-Jong Tineke , Gajwani Ruchika , Gross Joachim , Gumley Andrew I. , Krishnadas Rajeev , Lawrie Stephen M. , Schultze-Lutter Frauke , Schwannauer Matthias , Uhlhaas Peter J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEvidence suggests that schizophrenia (ScZ) involves impairments in sensory attenuation. It is currently unclear, however, whether such deficits are present during early-stage psychosis as well as the underlying network and the potential as a biomarker. To address these questions, Magnetoencephalography (MEG) was used in combination with computational modeling to examine M100 responses that involved a “passive” condition during which tones were binaurally presented, while in an “active” condition participants were asked to generate a tone via a button press. MEG data were obtained from 109 clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR-P) participants, 23 people with a first-episode psychosis (FEP), and 48 healthy controls (HC). M100 responses at sensor and source level in the left and right thalamus (THA), Heschl’s gyrus (HES), superior temporal gyrus (STG) and right inferior parietal cortex (IPL) were examined and dynamic causal modeling (DCM) was performed. Furthermore, the relationship between sensory attenuation and persistence of attenuated psychotic symptoms (APS) and transition to psychosis was investigated in CHR-P participants. Sensory attenuation was impaired in left HES, left STG and left THA in FEP patients, while in the CHR-P group deficits were observed only in right HES. DCM results revealed that CHR-P participants showed reduced top-down modulation from the right IPL to the right HES. Importantly, deficits in sensory attenuation did not predict clinical outcomes in the CHR-P group. Our results show that early-stage psychosis involves impaired sensory attenuation in auditory and thalamic regions but may not predict clinical outcomes in CHR-P participants.
Full-field, conformal epiretinal electrode array using hydrogel and polymer hybrid technology
Authors: Zhou Muru , Young Benjamin K. , Valle Elena della , Koo Beomseo , Kim Jinsang , Weiland James D. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractShape-morphable electrode arrays can form 3D surfaces to conform to complex neural anatomy and provide consistent positioning needed for next-generation neural interfaces. Retinal prostheses need a curved interface to match the spherical eye and a coverage of several cm to restore peripheral vision. We fabricated a full-field array that can (1) cover a visual field of 57° based on electrode position and of 113° based on the substrate size; (2) fold to form a compact shape for implantation; (3) self-deploy into a curvature fitting the eye after implantation. The full-field array consists of multiple polymer layers, specifically, a sandwich structure of elastomer/polyimide-based-electrode/elastomer, coated on one side with hydrogel. Electrodeposition of high-surface-area platinum/iridium alloy significantly improved the electrical properties of the electrodes. Hydrogel over-coating reduced electrode performance, but the electrodes retained better properties than those without platinum/iridium. The full-field array was rolled into a compact shape and, once implanted into ex vivo pig eyes, restored to a 3D curved surface. The full-field retinal array provides significant coverage of the retina while allowing surgical implantation through an incision 33% of the final device diameter. The shape-changing material platform can be used with other neural interfaces that require conformability to complex neuroanatomy.
A game theoretic approach to balance privacy risks and familial benefits
Authors: Guo Jia , Clayton Ellen Wright , Kantarcioglu Murat , Vorobeychik Yevgeniy , Wooders Myrna , Wan Zhiyu , Yin Zhijun , Malin Bradley A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAs recreational genomics continues to grow in its popularity, many people are afforded the opportunity to share their genomes in exchange for various services, including third-party interpretation (TPI) tools, to understand their predisposition to health problems and, based on genome similarity, to find extended family members. At the same time, these services have increasingly been reused by law enforcement to track down potential criminals through family members who disclose their genomic information. While it has been observed that many potential users shy away from such data sharing when they learn that their privacy cannot be assured, it remains unclear how potential users’ valuations of the service will affect a population’s behavior. In this paper, we present a game theoretic framework to model interdependent privacy challenges in genomic data sharing online. Through simulations, we find that in addition to the boundary cases when (1) no player and (2) every player joins, there exist pure-strategy Nash equilibria when a relatively small portion of players choose to join the genomic database. The result is consistent under different parametric settings. We further examine the stability of Nash equilibria and illustrate that the only equilibrium that is resistant to a random dropping of players is when all players join the genomic database. Finally, we show that when players consider the impact that their data sharing may have on their relatives, the only pure strategy Nash equilibria are when either no player or every player shares their genomic data.
Prevalence, awareness, and control of hypertension and associated factors among Royal Thai Army personnel in Thailand from 2017 to 2021
Authors: Sakboonyarat Boonsub , Poovieng Jaturon , Srisawat Phutsapong , Hatthachote Panadda , Mungthin Mathirut , Rangsin Ram , Jongcherdchootrakul Kanlaya 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHypertension (HTN) is a potential risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to determine the prevalence, awareness, and control of HTN among RTA personnel in Thailand. We conducted a series of cross-sectional studies from 2017 to 2021. HTN was defined by systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥ 140 mmHg or a diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg from a physical health examination, a history of HTN diagnosed by medical personnel, or taking antihypertensive medication. A total of 504,484 participants were included in the present study. The overall HTN prevalence was 29.4%. The prevalence of HTN among males was 30.5%, while it was 17.1% among females. Of the RTA personnel with HTN, 35.9% were aware of their condition. The overall control of HTN among RTA personnel with HTN was 15.8% in 2017 and 17.6% in 2021. Behavioral factors associated with HTN were current smoking, alcohol consumption, and sedentary behavior. A higher BMI was associated with higher HTN prevalence and HTN awareness but less likely to have controllable HTN. Male participants, younger individuals, current alcohol use, and sedentary behavior were associated with a lower prevalence of HTN awareness and controlled HTN. Current tobacco use was also associated with a lower prevalence of HTN awareness.
A novel method for Pu-erh tea face traceability identification based on improved MobileNetV3 and triplet loss
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Yang Xinting , Luo Na , Chen Feng , Yu Helong , Sun Chuanheng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEnsuring the traceability of Pu-erh tea products is crucial in the production and sale of tea, as it is a key means to ensure their quality and safety. The common approach used in traceability systems is the utilization of bound Quick Response (QR) codes or Near Field Communication (NFC) chips to track every link in the supply chain. However, counterfeiting risks still persist, as QR codes or NFC chips can be copied and inexpensive products can be fitted into the original packaging. To address this issue, this paper proposes a tea face verification model called TeaFaceNet for traceability verification. The aim of this model is to improve the traceability of Pu-erh tea products by quickly identifying counterfeit products and enhancing the credibility of Pu-erh tea. The proposed method utilizes an improved MobileNetV3 combined with Triplet Loss to verify the similarity between two input tea face images with different texture features. The recognition accuracy of the raw tea face dataset, ripe tea face dataset and mixed tea face dataset of the TeaFaceNet network were 97.58%, 98.08% and 98.20%, respectively. Accurate verification of tea face was achieved using the optimal threshold. In conclusion, the proposed TeaFaceNet model presents a promising approach to enhance the traceability of Pu-erh tea products and combat counterfeit products. The robustness and generalization ability of the model, as evidenced by the experimental results, highlight its potential for improving the accuracy of Pu-erh tea face recognition and enhancing the credibility of Pu-erh tea in the market. Further research in this area is warranted to advance the traceability of Pu-erh tea products and ensure their quality and safety.
Sterilization characteristics of narrow tubing by nitrogen oxides generated in atmospheric pressure air plasma
Authors: Muto Reona , Hayashi Nobuya 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe sterilization characteristics of active species generated by an atmospheric dielectric barrier discharge plasma using air and oxygen at the inner surface of silicone tubing were investigated. A dielectric barrier discharge torch plasma device was installed at one end of the tube and generated long-lived active species that flowed into the tube. A strip-type biological indicator with a 105-cell bacterial spore was placed at the opposite end of the 60 cm tube. Sterilization was completed within 30 min by active particles generated from the air plasma. The main factors contributing to the sterilization by air plasma were HNO3and N2O5. When organic materials (keratin, aspartic acid, and dipicolinic acid) reflecting components of the bacterial spore, were treated by the sterilization procedure there was little effect on dipicolinic acid. Keratin was oxidized by ozone and NOxgenerated from the oxygen and air plasmas, respectively. Aspartic acid underwent little change in composition from ozone generated from the oxygen plasma, whereas nitro (NO2), nitroso (NO), and aldehyde (CHO) groups were formed from ozone and NOxgenerated from the air plasma.
Digital farming based on a smart and user‐friendly IoT irrigation system: A conifer nursery case study
Authors: Florea Adrian , Popa Daniel‐Ioan , Morariu Daniel , Maniu Ionela , Berntzen Lasse , Fiore Ugo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAlthough digital technologies on farms bridge the productivity‐sustainability gap, they are not yet widely adopted. Familiarising farmers with digital systems is as important as developing advanced technological platforms: As farmers become accustomed to and feel in control of digital systems, they will find it easier to accept, adapt and keep pace with technological developments. This article describes the design and implementation of a flexible, scalable, easy‐to‐use and extensible IoT embedded system to control sprinkler irrigation in an outdoor Thuja conifer nursery in an automated mode and under varying weather. Irrigation is controlled by Mamdani Fuzzy Inference Logic based on rainfall prediction and real‐time monitoring of the plants. The IoT system provides a control dashboard and offers three operating modes: manual, automated or scheduled (daily, weekly, and monthly). The system is robust in the event of a power outage or loss of connectivity. The code is available on GitHub. Sensors, solenoid valves, Raspberry Pi microcontrollers, fuzzy logic systems, a web interface and a cloud service create a sustainable solution that makes water use more efficient, creates a healthy environment for crops (using just the right amount of water), makes life easier for farmers, and exposes them to the benefits of the IoT.
A novel detection and defense mechanism against false data injection attack in smart grids
Authors: Cui Jinlong , Gao Beibei , Guo Baojun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAs the next generation of green power system, smart grids have gradually enhanced the operation efficiency of power system. Meanwhile, the application of communication and intelligent technologies make the power grid more vulnerable to the emerging cyber‐physical attacks, such as the false data injection attack (FDIA). Particularly, the deception property of the FDIA on the output measurement estimation can fool the current security mechanism without triggering an alarm. Motivated by this problem, this paper aims at developing a novel detection and recovery mechanism against FDIA in smart grid. Based on the established state space grid model derived from the three‐phase sinusoidal voltage equations, an improved principal component analysis (PCA)‐based detection method is proposed. By introducing the mathematical transformation principle method, the detection performance such as detection rate and false positive rate can be improved. To keep the stable running of power system, a genetic optimization algorithm‐based linear quadratic regulator (LQR) defense method is developed. In addition, to improve the response performance to external attacks, an artificial intelligence method named genetic optimization algorithm is introduced to optimize the robust performance of the proposed defense method. Finally, the simulation results on the IEEE 6‐bus and 118‐bus grid system demonstrate the superiority of the proposed genetic algorithm optimization‐based LQR defense method.
A single layer wideband Vivaldi antenna with a novel feed structure
Authors: Ghaffar Farhan A. , Roy Noben K. , Shamim Atif 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAn increase of 7 GHz in the industrial, scientific and medical ISM band around 60 GHz has opened it up for many modern wireless applications such as 5G. This means that new component designs that can cater for this large bandwidth are the need of the hour. The design of a large bandwidth, completely planar and high gain novel Vivaldi antenna is presented. Being a travelling wave antenna and implemented using single metal layer make it an excellent candidate for not only Printed Circuit Board based applications but also the lossy Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor technology. For the first time, the feed of the antenna is integrated on the same conductor layer as the antenna itself. Using this design technique the problem of thin gap between the metal layers has been mitigated. The final measured results show that the antenna goes above and beyond ISM band with excellent matching performance from 55 to 84 GHz. A high gain of 7 dBi is maintained over a bandwidth of 57–75 GHz with a radiation efficiency of almost 80%. The results show that the design is quite suitable for integration in a millimetre‐wave transceiver system that can support high data rate applications.