bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy analysis for machine tool spindles considering full parallel connections and form errors based on skin model shapes
Authors: Hu Xiaokun , Zhao Qiangqiang , Yang Yitao , Wan Shaoke , Sun Yanhui , Hong Jun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The rotation accuracy of a machine tool spindle is essential for ensuring the machining precision. Due to the existence of manufacturing and assembly errors, the rotation accuracy of the spindle will be inevitably impacted and degraded. Therefore, to reduce the influence of the errors and improve the work performance, this paper focuses on accuracy analysis for the spindle and a novel optimization-oriented skin model shape method to tackle this highly complex problem. First, a structural analysis of the spindle is carried out to elaborate the intractable full parallel collections in the assembly. Then, based on the iterative closest point method, the deviation propagation of the spindle considering complex full parallel collections is transformed into an optimization problem, in which the skin model shapes and small displacement torsor are utilized to represent the form and pose errors of the part, respectively. By solving the optimization problem, assembly accuracy analysis for the spindle in terms of full parallel connections and form errors is accordingly achieved. On this basis, the tolerance analysis model of the spindle is also comprehensively established by employing the corresponding error simulation. Finally, measurement experiments are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The experiments show the predicted rotation runout and tolerance magnitude are close to the testing results, therefore indicating the proposed method can provide effective accuracy analysis for spindles.
Socioeconomic status and inequities in treatment initiation and survival among patients with cancer, 2011-2022
Authors: Guadamuz Jenny S , Wang Xiaoliang , Ryals Cleo A , Miksad Rebecca A , Snider Jeremy , Walters James , Calip Gregory S 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Lower neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with suboptimal cancer care and reduced survival. Most studies examining cancer inequities across area-level socioeconomic status tend to use less granular or unidimensional measures and pre-date the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we examined the association of area-level socioeconomic status on real-world treatment initiation and overall survival among adults with 20 common cancers.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study used electronic health record–derived deidentified data (Flatiron Health Research Database, 2011-2022) linked to US Census Bureau data from the American Community Survey (2015-2019). Area-level socioeconomic status quintiles (based on a measure incorporating income, home values, rental costs, poverty, blue-collar employment, unemployment, and education information) were computed from the US population and applied to patients based on their mailing address. Associations were examined using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for diagnosis year, age, sex, performance status, stage, and cancer type.

Results
This cohort included 291 419 patients (47.7% female; median age = 68 years). Patients from low–SES areas were younger and more likely to be Black (21.9% vs 3.3%) or Latinx (8.4% vs 3.0%) than those in high–SES areas. Living in low–SES areas (vs high) was associated with lower treatment rates (hazard ratio = 0.94 [95% confidence interval = 0.93 to 0.95]) and reduced survival (median real-world overall survival = 21.4 vs 29.5 months, hazard ratio = 1.20 [95% confidence interval = 1.18 to 1.22]). Treatment and survival inequities were observed in 9 and 19 cancer types, respectively. Area-level socioeconomic inequities in treatment and survival remained statistically significant in the COVID-19 era (after March 2020).

Conclusion
To reduce inequities in cancer outcomes, efforts that target marginalized, low–socioeconomic status neighborhoods are necessary.
Medicaid expansion is associated with treatment receipt, timeliness, and outcomes among young adults with breast cancer
Authors: Ji Xu , Shi Kewei Sylvia , Ruddy Kathryn J , Zhao Jingxuan , Mertens Ann C , Yabroff K Robin , Castellino Sharon M , Han Xuesong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Female breast cancer is a common cancer in young adults, an age group with the highest uninsured rate. Among 51 675 young adult women (ages 18-39 years) diagnosed with breast cancer between 2011 and 2018 in the National Cancer Database, we estimated changes in guideline-concordant treatment receipt, treatment timeliness, and survival associated with the Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansion. Of young adults with stage I-III estrogen receptor–positive or progesterone receptor–positive breast cancer, Medicaid expansion was associated with a net increase of 2.42 percentage points (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.56 to 4.28 percentage points) in the percentage receiving endocrine therapy. Among all young adults with stage I-III breast cancer, Medicaid expansion was associated with a net reduction of 1.65 percentage points (95% CI = 0.08 to 3.22 percentage points) in treatment delays defined as treatment initiation of at least 60 days after diagnosis and a net increase of 1.00 percentage points (95% CI = 0.21 to 1.79 percentage points) in 2-year overall survival. Our study provides evidence of benefit in cancer care and outcomes from Medicaid expansion among the young adult population.
Advancing the science of integrating multiple interventions by blending and bundling
Authors: Villalobos Aubrey , Chambers David A 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Cancer prevention and control research has produced a variety of effective interventions over the years, though most are single disease focused. To meet the Cancer Moonshot goal to reduce the cancer death rate by 50% by 2047, it may be necessary to overcome the limitations of siloed interventions that do not meet people’s multiple needs and limitations in system capacity to deliver the increasing number of interventions in parallel. In this article, we propose integrating multiple evidence-based interventions as a potential solution. We define 2 types of integrated interventions, blended and bundled, and provide examples to illustrate each. We then offer a schematic and outline considerations for how to assemble blended or bundled interventions including looking at the intervention need or opportunity along the cancer continuum as well as co-occurring behaviors or motivations. We also discuss delivery workflow integration considerations including social-ecological level(s), context or setting, implementer, and intended beneficiary. Finally, in assembling integrated interventions, we encourage consideration of practice-based expertise and community and/or patient input. After assembly, we share thoughts related to implementation and evaluation of blended or bundled interventions. To conclude the article, we present multiple research opportunities in this space. With swift progress on these research directions, cancer prevention and control interventionists and implementation scientists can contribute to achieving the promise of the reignited Cancer Moonshot.
Evusheld, a SARS-CoV-2 spike protein–directed attachment inhibitor, appears in serum protein electrophoresis and immunofixation: a case study
Authors: Shah Sumit K , Hagrass Hoda A 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) and immunofixation (IFE) assays are commonly used to diagnose and monitor patients with multiple myeloma (MM).
Identifying analytical interferences in SPE and IFE caused by therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (tmAbs) can be challenging. Here we report the case of a 72-year-old male with a long history of relapsed immunoglobulin (Ig)G kappa MM. A follow-up SPE showed the original peak plus 2 additional cathode peaks. Immunofixation was ordered as a reflex test to investigate the new peaks that showed initial patient monoclonal IgG kappa in addition to 2 restricted bands of the IgG kappa type. Therapeutic monoclonal antibody interference was suspected and the patient’s chart was reviewed. The patient was not on any antimyeloma monoclonal antibody therapy. However, preexposure prophylaxis therapeutic monoclonal antibodies tixagevimab plus cilgavimab (Evusheld) for severe acute SARS-CoV-2 was administered approximately 45 minutes before sample collection, which led to the identifiable spikes and correlated bands. After 2 days, the IgG kappa bands disappeared, confirming this therapy’s effect on SPE and IFE. Therefore, clinical pathologists should be aware of when providers prescribe new monoclonal antibody therapy and become familiar with the position of commonly prescribed (tmAbs) therapies at their institutions.
Predictors of mortality and transfusion requirements in venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients
Authors: Kim Jongmin , Yeo Hye Ju , Cho Woo Hyun , Lee Hyun-Ji 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic impact of variables, including thrombocytopenia and the amount of platelet transfusion, for predicting survival in venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) recipients. Additionally, we aimed to identify the predictors of increased transfusion requirement during venoarterial ECMO support.

Methods
All patients who received venoarterial ECMO between December 2008 and March 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate and multivariate Cox regressions were used to evaluate in-hospital mortality according to variables including thrombocytopenia and daily average of platelet concentrate transfusion. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors for transfusion requirements.

Results
Analysis of 218 patients demonstrated severe thrombocytopenia as an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality (hazard ratio = 2.840, 95% CI: 1.593-5.063, P &lt; .001), along with age, pre-ECMO cardiac arrest, and pH. In contrast, the amount of platelet transfusion was not associated with in-hospital mortality. Multiple variables, including the type of indication for ECMO were associated with transfusion requirements.

Conclusion
Our findings identified severe thrombocytopenia as an independent prognostic factor of in-hospital mortality. However, daily average platelet transfusion was not associated with survival outcomes. Additionally, our study identified predictive variables of increased transfusion requirements.
Probabilistic classification of infrared-selected targets for SPHEREx mission: in search of young stellar objects
Authors: Lakshmipathaiah K , Vig S , Ashby Matthew L N , Hora Joseph L , Kang Miju , Gorthi Rama Krishna Sai S 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
We apply machine learning algorithms to classify infrared (IR)-selected targets for NASA’s upcoming Spectro-Photometer for the History of the Universe, Epoch of Reionization and Ices Explorer (SPHEREx) mission. In particular, we are interested in classifying young stellar objects (YSOs), which are essential for understanding the star formation process. Our approach differs from previous works, which have relied heavily on broad-band colour criteria to classify IR-bright objects, and are typically implemented in colour–colour and colour–magnitude diagrams. However, these methods do not state the confidence associated with the classification and the results from these methods are quite ambiguous due to the overlap of different source types in these diagrams. Here, we utilize photometric colours and magnitudes from seven near- and mid-IR bands simultaneously and employ machine and deep learning algorithms to carry out probabilistic classification of YSOs, asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars, active galactic nuclei (AGNs), and main-sequence (MS) stars. Our approach also subclassifies YSOs into Class I, II, III, and flat spectrum YSOs, and AGB stars into carbon-rich and oxygen-rich AGB stars. We apply our methods to IR-selected targets compiled in preparation for SPHEREx which are likely to include YSOs and other classes of objects. Our classification indicates that out of 8308 384 sources, 1966 340 have class prediction with probability exceeding 90 per cent, amongst which $\sim 1.7~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ are YSOs, $\sim 58.2~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ are AGB stars, $\sim 40~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ are (reddened) MS stars, and $\sim 0.1~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ are AGNs whose red broad-band colours mimic YSOs. We validate our classification using the spatial distributions of predicted YSOs towards the Cygnus-X star-forming complex, as well as AGB stars across the Galactic plane.
The long-term safety and tolerability of anifrolumab for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in Japan: TULIP-LTE subgroup analysis
Authors: Tanaka Yoshiya , Atsumi Tatsuya , Okada Masato , Miyamura Tomoya , Ishii Tomonori , Nishiyama Susumu , Matsumura Ryutaro , Kawakami Atsushi , Hayashi Nobuya , Abreu Gabriel , Yavuz Sule , Lindholm Catharina , Al-Mossawi Hussein , Takeuchi Tsutomu 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives
Evaluate the long-term safety and tolerability of anifrolumab 300 mg, alongside standard therapy, in patients from Japan with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in the TULIP-LTE trial (NCT02794285).

Methods
TULIP-LTE was a 3-year, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled long-term extension (LTE) of the TULIP trials. The primary safety outcome included serious adverse events (SAEs) and AEs of special interest (AESIs) during the LTE period. Exploratory efficacy outcomes included SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2 K) scores and glucocorticoid use. We performed a post hoc subgroup analysis of patients who enrolled in Japan.

Results
Exposure-adjusted incidence rates of SAEs during the LTE and follow-up for patients receiving anifrolumab 300 mg (n = 21) were 8.7 per 100 patient-years; AESIs included influenza (6.9) and herpes zoster (3.5). One of three patients receiving placebo had an SAE (13.9). One patient per group discontinued due to an AE. There were no deaths. During the TULIP + LTE period, patients receiving anifrolumab 300 mg (n = 24) had sustained reduction from baseline in mean SLEDAI-2 K scores and cumulative glucocorticoid dosage.

Conclusions
Anifrolumab 300 mg showed a favourable benefit-risk profile for the long-term treatment of adult patients with moderate to severe SLE from Japan, with safety, tolerability, and efficacy profiles consistent with the overall population.
Early kinetics of donor-derived cell-free DNA after transplantation predicts renal graft recovery and long-term function
Authors: Cucchiari David , Cuadrado-Payan Elena , Gonzalez-Roca Eva , Revuelta Ignacio , Argudo Maria , Ramirez-Bajo Maria José , Ventura-Aguiar Pedro , Rovira Jordi , Bañon-Maneus Elisenda , Montagud-Marrahi Enrique , Rodriguez-Espinosa Diana , Cacho Judit , Arana Carolt , Torregrosa Vicens , Esforzado Nuria , Cofàn Frederic , Oppenheimer Frederic , Musquera Mireia , Peri Lluís , Casas Silvia , Dholakia Sham , Palou Eduard , Campistol Josep M , Bayés Beatriu , Puig Joan Anton , Diekmann Fritz 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
Ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) upon transplantation is one of the most impactful events that the kidney graft suffers during its life. Its clinical manifestation in the recipient, delayed graft function (DGF), has serious prognostic consequences. However, the different definitions of DGF are subject to physicians’ choices and centers’ policies, and a more objective tool to quantify IRI is needed. Here, we propose the use of donor-derived cell-free DNA (ddcfDNA) for this scope.

Methods
ddcfDNA was assessed in 61 kidney transplant recipients of either living or deceased donors at 24 h, and 7, 14 and 30 days after transplantation using the AlloSeq cfDNA Kit (CareDx, San Francisco, CA, USA). Patients were followed-up for 6 months and 7-year graft survival was estimated through the complete and functional iBox tool.

Results
Twenty-four-hour ddcfDNA was associated with functional DGF [7.20% (2.35%–15.50%) in patients with functional DGF versus 2.70% (1.55%–4.05%) in patients without it, P = .023] and 6-month estimated glomerular filtration rate (r = –0.311, P = .023). At Day 7 after transplantation, ddcfDNA was associated with dialysis duration in DGF patients (r = 0.612, P = .005) and worse 7-year iBox-estimated graft survival probability (β –0.42, P = .001) at multivariable analysis. Patients with early normalization of ddcfDNA (&lt;0.5% at 1 week) had improved functional iBox-estimated probability of graft survival (79.5 ± 16.8%) in comparison with patients with 7-day ddcfDNA ≥0.5% (67.7 ± 24.1%) (P = .047).

Conclusions
ddcfDNA early kinetics after transplantation reflect recovery from IRI and are associated with short-, medium- and long-term graft outcome. This may provide a more objective estimate of IRI severity in comparison with the clinical-based definitions of DGF.
The effect of airtime incentives to improve participation in noncommunicable disease interactive voice response surveys: randomized controlled trials in Colombia and Tanzania
Authors: Maniar Vidhi D , Gibson Dustin G , Labrique Alain B , Ali Joseph , Vecino-Ortiz Andres I , Torres-Quintero Angelica , Puerto-García Stephanie , Solorzano-Barrera Camila , Masanja Honorati , Kagoro Frank , Pariyo George W 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective: We assessed whether airtime incentives can improve cooperation and response rates for a noncommunicable disease interactive voice response survey in Colombia and Tanzania.
Methods: Participants were randomized to four arms: (a) no incentive; (b) 1X incentive, where X equals to 5000 Colombian Pesos (US$1.35) or 3000 Tanzanian shillings (TSh; US$1.29); (3) 2X incentive; or (4) lottery incentive of 50 000 COP (US$18.90) or 50 000 TSh (US$21.50), where the odds of winning the lottery were 1:20. Adults aged 18 years and older who possessed a functioning mobile phone were sampled using random digit dialling. We analyzed the primary outcomes, cooperation and response rates using a log binomial regression model as computed by the American Association of Public Opinion Research. Results: In Colombia, between October 15 to November 13, 2018, 125 745 phone calls were made. In Tanzania, 67 800 random digit dial phone calls were made from August 9 to 28, 2018. In Colombia, we observed significantly higher cooperation rates in the 1X, 2X and lottery incentive groups compared to control. Additionally, response rates were significantly higher in the 1X and 2X incentive groups but were significantly lower in lottery group compared to control. In Tanzania, both cooperation and response rates were significantly higher in the 1X, 2X and lottery incentive groups compared to control. Conclusion: Except for the lottery incentive arm in Colombia, which yielded a response rate lower than the control, the introduction of airtime incentives significantly improved cooperation and response rates in Colombia and Tanzania, with no notable variations between the incentive arms.
A Small-Molecule Modulator Affecting the Clock-Associated PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR 7 Amount
Authors: Uehara Takahiro N , Takao Saori , Matsuo Hiromi , Saito Ami N , Ota Eisuke , Ono Azusa , Itami Kenichiro , Kinoshita Toshinori , Yamashino Takafumi , Yamaguchi Junichiro , Nakamichi Norihito 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Circadian clocks are biological timekeeping systems that coordinate genetic, metabolic and physiological behaviors with the external day–night cycle. The clock in plants relies on the transcriptional-translational feedback loops transcription-translation feedback loop (TTFL), consisting of transcription factors including PSUEDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR (PRR) proteins, plant lineage–specific transcriptional repressors. Here, we report that a novel synthetic small-molecule modulator, 5-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-phenyl-1,7-dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[3,4-d] pyrimidine-4,6(5H)-dione (TU-892), affects the PRR7 protein amount. A clock reporter line of Arabidopsis was screened against the 10,000 small molecules in the Maybridge Hitfinder 10K chemical library. This screening identified TU-892 as a period-lengthening molecule. Gene expression analyses showed that TU-892 treatment upregulates CIRCADIAN CLOCK–ASSOCIATED 1 (CCA1) mRNA expression. TU-892 treatment reduced the amount of PRR7 protein, a transcriptional repressor of CCA1. Other PRR proteins including TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1 were altered less by TU-892 treatment. TU-892-dependent CCA1 upregulation was attenuated in mutants impaired in PRR7. Collectively, TU-892 is a novel type of clock modulator that reduces the levels of PRR7 protein.
CstPIF4 Integrates Temperature and Circadian Signals and Interacts with CstMYB16 to Repress Anthocyanins in Crocus
Authors: Hussain Khadim , Bhat Zahid Yaqoob , Yadav Arvind Kumar , Singh Deepika , Ashraf Nasheeman 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Crocus sativus has emerged as an important crop because it is the only commercial source of saffron that contains unique apocarotenoids. Saffron is composed of dried stigmas of Crocus flower and constitutes the most priced spice of the world. Crocus floral organs are dominated by different classes of metabolites. While stigmas are characterized by the presence of apocarotenoids, tepals are rich in flavonoids and anthocyanins. Therefore, an intricate regulatory network might play a role in allowing different compounds to dominate in different organs. Work so far done on Crocus is focussed on apocarotenoid metabolism and its regulation. There are no reports describing the regulation of flavonoids and anthocyanins in Crocus tepals. In this context, we identified an R2R3 transcription factor, CstMYB16, which resembles subgroup 4 (SG4) repressors of Arabidopsis. CstMYB16 is nuclear localized and acts as a repressor. Overexpression of CstMYB16 in Crocus downregulated anthocyanin biosynthesis. The C2/EAR motif was responsible for the repressor activity of CstMYB16. CstMYB16 binds to the promoter of the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway gene (LDOX) and reduces its expression. CstMYB16 also physically interacts with CstPIF4, which in turn is regulated by temperature and circadian clock. Thus, CstPIF4 integrates these signals and forms a repressor complex with CstMYB16, which is involved in the negative regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in Crocus. Independent of CstPIF4, CstMYB16 also represses CstPAP1 expression, which is a component of the MYB-bHLH-WD40 (MBW) complex and positively controls anthocyanin biosynthesis. This is the first report on identifying and describing regulators of anthocyanin biosynthesis in Crocus.
The Ins and Outs of IV Fluids in Hemodynamic Resuscitation
Authors: Kaufman David A. , Lopes Marcela , Maviya Niharika , Magder Sheldon A. 
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVES:
Concise definitive review of the physiology of IV fluid (IVF) use in critically ill patients.

DATA SOURCES:
Available literature on PubMed and MEDLINE databases.

STUDY SELECTION:
Basic physiology studies, observational studies, clinical trials, and reviews addressing the physiology of IVF and their use in the critically ill were included.

DATA EXTRACTION:
None.

DATA SYNTHESIS:
We combine clinical and physiologic studies to form a framework for understanding rational and science-based use of fluids and electrolytes.

CONCLUSIONS:
IVF administration is among the most common interventions for critically ill patients. IVF can be classified as crystalloids or colloids, and most crystalloids are sodium salts. They are frequently used to improve hemodynamics during shock states. Many recent clinical trials have sought to understand which kind of IVF might lead to better patient outcomes, especially in sepsis. Rational use of IVF rests on understanding the physiology of the shock state and what to expect IVF will act in those settings. Many questions remain unanswered, and future research should include a physiologic understanding of IVF in study design.