bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tuning inter‐wall spacing and structural properties of double‐walled gallium arsenide nanotubes
Authors: Nikbakhtian Sadegh , Movlarooy Tayebeh 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe structural, stability and electronic properties of double‐walled GaAs nanotubes (DWGaAsNTs) are investigated based on density functional theory (DFT) by considering Van der Waals corrections with the SIESTA code. The computations are done on the zigzag (7,0)@(m,0) and (6,0)@(m,0) with (m = 12 to 18) and the armchair (4,4)@(m,m) and (5,5)@(m,m) DWGaAsNTs with (m = 7 to 14). The calculated binding and formation energies revealed that the armchair and zigzag DWGaAsNTs with differential chirality of 5, (m,m)@(m + 5,m + 5) and 8, (m,0)@(m + 8,0) and inter‐layer space of roughly 5.4 and 4.9 Å are the most favorable DWGaAsNTs, respectively. All armchair and zigzag DWGaAsNTs are direct bandgap semiconductors according to the electronic band structure. Furthermore, it is found that with increasing the spaces between walls and diameters of the tubes, the value of the band gap increases, and the changing trend is almost constant at greater distances between walls. Also, the double‐walled GaAs nanotubes have a narrower bandgap than single‐walled nanotubes. The implications of this research can certainly be useful in future empirical studies.
Intelligent operation and management in the Dadu River Basin
Authors: Tu Yangju , Tao Chunhua , Zhong Qingxiang , Ma Yue , Hu Hanyin , Liu He 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe top priority of a hydropower enterprise is to secure the safe, scientific, and economic operation of its power stations. The Dadu River Basin, the fifth largest hydropower base in China, is definitely vital to the grid security and stability in southwest China's Sichuan Province. Given the challenges faced by production O&M (operation and management), efforts were made to put forth solutions featuring multielement business quantification, multisource data integration, and multitarget intelligent collaboration, according to which, through the development and application of a number of key technologies for intelligent operation, hard work was done to promote management optimization simultaneously and realize the smart and autonomous operation of the 10‐million‐megawatt power station group in the basin.
Families under pressure: A qualitative study of stressors in families of children with congenital heart disease
Authors: Zhang Yi , Zhou Hang , Bai Yangjuan , Chen Zhisong , Wang Yanjiao , Hu Qiulan , Yang Mingfang , Wei Wei , Ding Lan , Ma Fang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study was to better understand the stressors in families of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) to assist with formulating targeted stress management plans for such families. A descriptive qualitative study was undertaken at a tertiary referral hospital in China. Following purposeful sampling, interviews were conducted with 21 parents of children with CHD regarding the stressors in their families. Following content analysis, 11 themes were generated from the data and categorised into six main domains: the initial stressor and associated hardships, normative transitions, prior strains, the consequences of family efforts to cope, intrafamily and social ambiguity, and sociocultural values. The 11 themes include confusion regarding the disease, hardships encountered during treatment, the heavy financial burden, the unusual growth track of the child due to the disease, normal events becoming abnormal for the family, impaired family functioning, family vulnerability, family resilience, family boundary ambiguity induced by role alteration, a lack of knowledge about community support and family stigma. Various and complex stressors exist for families of children with CHD. Medical personnel should fully evaluate the stressors and take targeted measures before implementing family stress management practices. It is also necessary to focus on the posttraumatic growth of families of children with CHD and strengthen resilience. Moreover, family boundary ambiguity and a lack of knowledge about community support should not be ignored, and further research is needed to explore these variables. Most importantly, policymakers and healthcare providers should adopt a range of strategies to address the stigma of being in a family of a child with CHD.
The Importance of the Purification Step and the Characterization of the Products in the Synthesis of Carbon Nanodots
Authors: Bartolomei Beatrice , Prato Maurizio 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn the synthesis of carbon nanodots (CNDs), the critical step of the purification from the starting materials and unwanted side products is faced. In the exciting race toward new and interesting CNDs, this problem is often underestimated, leading to false properties and erroneous reports. In fact, on many occasions, the properties described for novel CNDs derive from impurities not completely eliminated during the purification process. Dialysis, for instance, is not always helpful, especially if the side products are not soluble in water. In this Perspective, the importance of the purification and characterization steps, in order to obtain solid reports and reliable procedures, is emphasized.
Pressure Regulating Self‐Trapped States toward Remarkable Emission Enhancement of Zero‐Dimensional Lead‐Free Halides Nanocrystals
Authors: Shi Yue , Fu Yuan , Ma Zhiwei , Zhao Dianlong , Wang Kai , Xiao Guanjun , Zou Bo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCopper(I)‐based halides have recently attracted increasing attention as a substitute for lead halides, owing to their nontoxicity, abundance, unique structure, and optoelectric properties. However, exploring an effective strategy to further improve their optical activities and revealing structure−optical property relationships still remain a great concern. Here, by using high pressure technique, a remarkable enhancement of self‐trapped exciton (STE) emission associated with the energy exchange between multiple self‐trapped states in zero‐dimensional lead‐free halide Cs3Cu2I5 NCs is successfully achieved. Furthermore, high‐pressure processing endows the piezochromism of Cs3Cu2I5 NCs by experiencing a white light and a strong purple light emission, which is able to be stabilized at near‐ambient pressure. The distortion of [Cu2I5] clusters composing of tetrahedral [CuI4] and trigonal planar [CuI3] and the decreased Cu–Cu distance between the adjacent Cu‐I tetrahedron and triangle are responsible for the significant STEs emission enhancement under high pressure. The experiments combined with first‐principles calculations not only shed light on the structure−optical property relationships of [Cu2I5] clusters halide, but also provide guidance for improving emission intensity that is highly desirable in solid‐state lighting applications.
Antibacterial Activity of Carboxymethyl Chitosan Dialdehyde Starch Schiff Base and its Metal Complex
Authors: Ouyang Jinyu , Li Zhenbiao , Miao Jincheng , Wang Yongtao , Hu Langrong , Wang Xiaojuan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCarboxymethyl chitosan dialdehyde starch Schiff base (CMCDAS) and its metal complexes are synthesized by corn starch (St), sodium periodate, carboxymethyl chitosan, and metal ions (copper, zinc, nickel, silver), and are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD). The antibacterial activities of carboxymethyl chitosan dialdehyde starch Schiff base (CMCDAS) against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) increase according to their increasing nitrogen content, and the best minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) against E. coli and S. aureus are 30 mg mL−1, respectively. Furthermore, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the metal complexes (copper, nickel, silver, and zinc) against S. aureus are 7.50, 30, 30, and 1.88 mg mL, respectively; and against E. coli are 7.50, 15, 15, and 0.94 mg mL−1, respectively.
Communicating Product Life Cycle Performance through Labels and Declarations
Authors: Skaar Christofer 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis chapter gives an overview of the development of different eco-labelling schemes over a timeline of about 50 years. The main focus is, however, the standards for product declarations developed under the ISO 14000-family. Hereunder standards for product categories rules (PCRs), environmental product declarations (EPDs) as well as standards for different eco-footprints as, for example, carbon footprints of products (CFP) and water footprints of products (WFPs). The chapter also gives a brief description on how to develop and implement product labels for various purposes.
Reporting Schemes
Authors: Fet Annik Magerholm , Sparrevik Magnus 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis chapter gives an overview of different reporting schemes which can be used by companies to communicate their environmental, as well as their sustainability, performance. Connections between different reporting schemes, underlying data and the CapSEM Model are explained. The most common sustainability reporting schemes are described within the context of their intended use by the reporting organization. The chapter also addresses the content for writing a sustainability report together with the use of tools and performance indicators to present quantitative information.
Cerebrospinal fluid leakage after intradural spinal surgery in children
Authors: Slot Emma M. H. , van Doormaal Tristan P. C. , van Baarsen Kirsten M. , Krayenbühl Niklaus , Regli Luca , Germans Menno R. , Hoving Eelco W. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to establish the incidence of CSF leakage in children and associated complications after intradural spinal surgery in three tertiary neurosurgical referral centers and to describe the treatment strategies applied.

Methods
Patients of 18 years or younger who underwent intradural spinal surgery between 2015 and 2021 in three tertiary neurosurgical referral centers were included. Patients who died or were lost to follow-up within six weeks after surgery were excluded. The primary outcome measure was CSF leakage within six weeks after surgery, defined as leakage of CSF through the skin. Secondary outcome measures included the presence of pseudomeningocele (PMC), meningitis, and surgical site infection (SSI).

Results
We included a total of 75 procedures, representing 66 individual patients. The median age in this cohort was 5 (IQR = 0-13 years. CSF leakage occurred in 2.7% (2/75) of procedures. It occurred on days 3 and 21 after the index procedure, respectively. One patient was treated with a pressure bandage and an external lumbar drain on day 4 after diagnosis of the leak, and the other was treated with wound revision surgery on day 1 after the leak occurred. In total, 1 patient developed a PMC without a CSF leak which was treated with wound revision surgery. SSI occurred in 10.7%, which included both cases of CSF leak.

Conclusions
CSF leakage after intradural spinal surgery in the pediatric population is relatively rare (2.7%). Nevertheless, the clinical consequences with respect to secondary complications such as infection and the necessity for invasive treatment are serious.
Neophyte invasions in European heathlands and scrub
Authors: Kalusová Veronika , Chytrý Milan , Večeřa Martin , Svenning Jens-Christian , Biurrun Idoia , Kintrová Kateřina , Agrillo Emiliano , Carli Emanuela , Ecker Klaus , Garbolino Emmanuel , Šibíková Mária , Šilc Urban , Axmanová Irena 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHuman-assisted introduction of alien plants is causing ecosystem transformations worldwide and is considered an important threat to biodiversity. We provide a European assessment of habitat levels of invasion in heathlands and scrub and identify successful alien plants and invasion trends across biogeographical regions. We analysed a geographically stratified data set of 24,220 dwarf shrub and scrub vegetation plots sampled across Europe. Among the 6547 vascular plant taxa occurring in these plots, we identified 311 neophytes (4.8%, i.e. alien species introduced in Europe or its sub-regions after 1500 AD) and compared five metrics of the level of invasion in (i) EUNIS habitats, (ii) broad habitat groups and (iii) biogeographical regions of Europe. We related habitat-specific levels of invasion to elevation and climatic variables using generalized linear models. Among neophytes, phanerophytes of non-European origin prevailed. The most frequent neophytes in the plots were Prunus serotina, Robinia pseudoacacia and Quercus rubra among phanerophytes, Impatiens parviflora among therophytes, and Erigeron canadensis and Solidago gigantea among hemicryptophytes. Levels of invasion significantly differed among habitats and biogeographical regions. The most invaded habitat was Macaronesian lowland scrub, followed by riparian scrub, Rubus scrub and forest-clearing scrub of temperate Europe, and coastal dune scrub of the Atlantic region. The levels of invasion were low in the shrublands of the Arctic and Mediterranean regions and decreased with elevation within habitats. Results suggest that insularity, low elevation, frequent disturbances, and high availability or considerable fluctuation of resources promote neophyte invasions in European shrublands.
Addressing the Societal Challenges in Organizations: The Conceptualization of Mindfulness Capability for Social Justice
Authors: Rashkova Yanina , Moi Ludovica , Cabiddu Francesca 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSocial inequalities are partly caused by habitual organizational practices. In this vein, to overcome those, organizations now need to develop new organizational capabilities aimed at enhancing their attention towards societal issues. In our study, we apply the theory of mindfulness to explain how it may help organizations overcome habitual organizing that fuels social inequalities. Guided by the microfoundational perspective of organizational capability, we conceptualize individual characteristics, processes, and structures that collectively form mindfulness capability for social justice. We perceive it as an organizational capability that reflects the extent to which an organization possesses a collective social justice awareness, i.e., awareness of the impact on social justice in society through its organizational practices. We argue that, when adopted by organizations, mindfulness, by increasing the awareness of the organizational impact on society, helps notice, examine, and question the correctness of taken-for-granted organizational practices. From our perspective, this new capability will lead to changes in organizational practices that fuel social inequalities. Our study contributes to the literature on sustainable organizational development and mindfulness research in organizations. Managerial implications and future research directions are also discussed.
Vaccine Passports and Political Legitimacy: A Public Reason Framework for Policymakers
Authors: Barnhill Anne , Bonotti Matteo , Susser Daniel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAs the COVID-19 pandemic continues to evolve, taking its toll on people’s lives around the world, vaccine passports remain a contentious topic of debate in most liberal democracies. While a small literature on vaccine passports has sprung up over the past few years that considers their ethical pros and cons, in this paper we focus on the question of when vaccine passports are politically legitimate. Specifically, we put forward a ‘public reason ethics framework’ for resolving ethical disputes and use the case of vaccine passports to demonstrate how it works. The framework walks users through a structured analysis of a vaccine passport proposal to determine whether the proposal can be publicly justified and is therefore legitimate. Use of this framework may also help policymakers to design more effective vaccine passports, by incorporating structured input from the public, and thereby better taking the public’s interests and values into account. In short, a public reason ethics framework is meant to encourage better, more legitimate decision-making, resulting in policies that are ethically justifiable, legitimate and effective.
The impact of NiO on crystallization and thermo-magnetic properties of Li2O–NiO–P2O5 glasses as new magnetic materials
Authors: Abo-Mosallam H. A. , Farag M. M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe main goal of this study is to comprehend the effect of the composition change on crystallization characteristics, thermal, physical, and magnetic properties of glasses with the general formula (35 − x) Li2O − (5 + x) NiO − 60 P2O5 (x = 5, 10, and 15 mol%). The XRD results indicated that Li4P4O12, Li6P6O18, Ni2P2O7, Ni2P4O12, and Li3P crystalline phases were formed in the glass ceramics. The NiO/Li2O replacement led to an increase in the coherence of the glass structure. Density values for the glass and glass–ceramic samples ranged from 2.38 to 2.49 g/cm3 and from 2.41 to 2.53 g/cm3, respectively. Coefficients of thermal expansion CTE of the glasses were varied from 157 × 10−7 to 96 × 10−7 °C over the temperature range of 25–250 °C. However, CTE of the glass–ceramic was ranged from 183 × 10−7 to 129 × 10−7 °C over the temperature range of 25–500 °C. VSM analysis for the glasses revealed that the NiO/Li2O replacement led to a decrease in the magnetic parameters of the materials. Contrariwise from VSM hysteresis loops of glass–ceramic, it was found that the magnetic parameters increased with the addition NiO instead of Li2O. The results indicated a great potential of the prepared glasses and glass ceramics as promising soft ferromagnetic materials that can be used in different magnetic applications.
A novel antibacterial and fluorescent coating composed of polydopamine and carbon dots on the surface of orthodontic brackets
Authors: Wang Yixi , Ding Chuanyang , Ge Zhangjie , Li Zhipeng , Chen Lixin , Guo Xiaolong , Dong Genxi , Zhou Ping 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMany kinds of antibacterial coatings have been designed to prevent the adherence of bacteria onto the surface of a fixed orthodontic device of brackets. However, the problems such as weak binding force, undetectable, drug resistance, cytotoxicity and short duration needed to be solved. Thus, it has great value in developing novel coating methods with long-term antibacterial and fluorescence properties according to the clinical application of brackets. In this study, we synthesized blue fluorescent carbon dots (HCDs) using the traditional Chinese medicinal honokiol, which could cause irreversible killing effects on both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria through positive charges on the surface and inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Based on this, the surface of brackets was serially modified with polydopamine and HCDs, taking advantage of the strong adhesive properties as well as the negative surface charge of polydopamine particles. It is found that this coating exhibits stable antibacterial properties in 14 days with good biocompatibility, which can provide a new solution and strategy to solve the series of hazards caused by bacterial adhesion on the surface of orthodontic brackets.
Graphical Abstract
Australian Patient Preferences for Discussing Spiritual Issues in the Hospital Setting: An Exploratory Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Best Megan C. , Jones Kate , Merritt Frankie , Casey Michael , Lynch Sandra , Eisman John A. , Cohen Jeffrey , Mackie Darryl , Beilharz Kirsty , Kearney Matthew 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWhile there is high patient acceptance for clinical staff discussing issues regarding spirituality with hospital inpatients, it is not clear which staff member patients prefer for these discussions. This unique exploratory study investigated inpatient preferences regarding which staff member should raise the topic of spirituality. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with inpatients at six hospitals in Sydney, Australia (n = 897), with a subset invited to participate in qualitative interviews (n = 41). Pastoral care staff (32.9%) were the preferred staff members with whom to discuss spiritual issues, followed by doctors (22.4%). Qualitative findings indicated that individual characteristics of the staff member are more important than their role.
Towards a Checklist for Improving Action Research Quality in Healthcare Contexts
Authors: Casey Mary , Coghlan David , Carroll Áine , Stokes Diarmuid 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPublished accounts of action research studies in healthcare frequently underreport the quality of the action research. These studies often lack the specificity and details needed to demonstrate the rationale for the selection of an action research approach and how the authors perceive the respective study to have met action research quality criteria. This lack contributes to a perception among academics, research funding agencies, clinicians and policy makers, that action research is ‘second class’ research. This article addresses the challenge of this perception by offering a bespoke checklist called a Quality Action Research Checklist (QuARC) for reporting action research studies and is based on a quality framework first published in this journal. This checklist, comprising four factors - context, quality of relationships, quality of the action research process itself and the dual outcomes, aims to encourage researchers to provide complete and transparent reporting and indirectly improve the rigor and quality of action research. In addition, the benefit of using a checklist and the challenges inherent in such application are also discussed.
Power-to-Gas: neuer Rückenwind für ein altes Modellsystem
Authors: Molitor Bastian , Casini Isabella , Fink Christian , Hafenbradl Doris , Angenent Largus T. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMethanothermobacter has been pivotal in elucidating the biochemistry of hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis. These microbes generate cellular energy to grow by producing methane from hydrogen and carbon dioxide. Recently, this physiological trait was adopted for biotechnology in power-to-gas processes to store renewable electric energy in form of methane in the natural gas grid. We established a genetic system and a genome-scale metabolic model for Methanothermobacter (Microbe of the Year 2021) to support further technology advancement and implementation for large-scale production of renewable methane.
Lichtgesteuerte Translation von mRNA in Eukaryoten
Authors: Dittmar Maria , Weissenböck Florian Peter , Rentmeister Andrea 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMessenger RNA (mRNA) shows great potential for medical applications, as recently demonstrated by the mRNA-based vaccines against the coronavirus. In addition, it has long been used for ectopic gene expression in cells and model organisms. While numerous methodologies are available for controlling gene expression at the level of transcription, approaches to control translation are scarce. Here we review strategies for direct light-mediated activation of mRNA translation via photocleavable groups and their potential to achieve spatial and temporal control of protein production.