bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sebum‐Membrane‐Inspired Protein‐Based Bioprotonic Hydrogel for Artificial Skin and Human‐Machine Merging Interface
Authors: Leng Ziwei , Zhu Pengcheng , Wang Xiangcheng , Wang Yifan , Li Peishuo , Huang Wei , Li Bingchen , Jin Rui , Han Ningning , Wu Jing , Mao Yanchao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAs an on‐skin electronic device, artificial skin shows great potential in medical monitoring and personal electronics, which also holds promise to develop human‐machine merging interfaces. However, merging artificial skins with human bodies is largely restricted by the dissimilarity of material compositions in existing artificial skins and biological tissues. Naturally conductive protein is a potential material candidate for artificial skins, nevertheless, it suffers from the critical issue of dehydration which harms its proton conductivity. Inspired by the sebum membrane of human skin, herein, a protein‐based bioprotonic hydrogel (PBH) with reliable water retention ability is reported for artificial skins. The bovine serum albumin with natural proton conductivity is utilized in the PBH, and the glycerol that originally presents on human skin surface is used as an artificial sebum membrane to retain water. The PBH can act as a bioprotonic skin (B‐skin) for collecting electrophysiological signals and self‐powered sensing. Based on the B‐skin, intelligent robot and cellphone control systems are demonstrated. Compared with present artificial skins, this B‐skin is all made out of biological materials that are consistent with material components of human skin tissues including proteins, endogenous glycerol, and water. Such a B‐skin may enable the development of next‐generation human‐machine merging interfaces.
Complex 3D‐Printed Mechanochromic Materials with Iridescent Structural Colors Based on Core–Shell Particles
Authors: Siegwardt Lukas , Gallei Markus 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA scalable protocol for design and subsequent 3D‐printing of polymeric core‐shell‐particles is reported. The particle synthesis by emulsion polymerization in starved‐feed mode is used for tailoring particle architecture and composition. Control of size, mechanical properties, and chemical functionalities allow to achieve the specific requirement profile for subsequent extrusion‐based additive manufacturing. The core‐shell particles consist of hard polystyrene cores and a comparably soft polyalkylacrylate‐based shell. Size and monodispersity, as well as core‐to‐shell ratio, are determined by means of dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. Thermal and rheological properties are investigated by means of dynamic scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis as well as oscillation and capillary rheometry. During 3D‐printing, the monodisperse particles self‐assemble into an ordered close packed lattice structure, leading to visible reflection colors according to Bragg's law of diffraction. Distinct and angle‐dependent reflection colors are recorded via UV‐vis spectroscopy. As the structural color depends, inter alia, on the underlying particle sizes, resulting colors are easily tunable by adjusting the applied synthesis parameters. Under mechanical deformation, the color changes due to controlled lattice deformation, which enables mechanochromic sensing with the printed objects. They are also promising candidates for decorative ornaments, smart optical coatings, or advanced security devices.
Recent Developments of Polymer Solar Cells with Photovoltaic Performance over 17%
Authors: Jin Jianghao , Wang Qiao , Ma Kaige , Shen Wenfei , Belfiore Laurence Alphonse , Bao Xichang , Tang Jianguo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWith the emergence of ADA'DA‐type (Y‐series) non‐fullerene acceptors (NFAs), the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of organic photovoltaic devices have been constantly refreshed and gradually reached 20% in recent years (19% for single junction and 20% for tandem device). The acceptors possess specific design concept, which greatly enrich the NFA types and have excellent compatibility with many donor materials. It is gratifying to note that the previously underperforming donor materials combine with these regulated acceptors to shine again. Nowadays, the concept of modular design is widely used in the research of acceptors and donors, injecting new vitality into the field of organic photovoltaics. Furthermore, these acceptors also promote the research of multicomponent devices, tandem devices, bilayer devices, processing solvent engineering, and additive engineering. Herein, the latest progresses of polymer solar cells with efficiency over 17% are briefly reviewed from the aspects of active material design, interface material development, and device technology. At last, the opportunities and challenges of organic photovoltaic commercialization in the future are discussed.
Intercalative Motifs‐Induced Space Confinement and Bonding Covalency Enhancement Enable Ultrafast and Large Sodium Storage
Authors: Lv Zhuoran , Peng Baixin , Lv Ximeng , Gao Yusha , Hu Keyan , Dong Wujie , Zheng Gengfeng , Huang Fuqiang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAlloying‐type metal sulfides with high theoretical capacities are promising anodes for sodium‐ion batteries, but suffer from sluggish sodiation kinetics and huge volume expansion. Introducing intercalative motifs into alloying‐type metal sulfides is an efficient strategy to solve the above issues. Herein, robust intercalative InS motifs are grafted to high‐capacity layered Bi2S3 to form a cation‐disordered (BiIn)2S3, synergistically realizing high‐rate and large‐capacity sodium storage. The InS motif with strong bonding serves as a space‐confinement unit to buffer the volume expansion, maintaining superior structural stability. Moreover, the grafted high‐metallicity Indium increases the bonding covalency of BiS, realizing controllable reconstruction of BiS bond during cycling to effectively prevent the migration and aggregation of atomic Bi. The novel (BiIn)2S3 anode delivers a high capacity of 537 mAh g−1 at 0.4 C and a superior high‐rate stability of 247 mAh g−1 at 40 C over 10000 cycles. Further in situ and ex situ characterizations reveal the in‐depth reaction mechanism and the breakage and formation of reversible BiS bonds. The proposed space confinement and bonding covalency enhancement strategy via grafting intercalative motifs can be conducive to developing novel high‐rate and large‐capacity anodes.
Manipulating Polymer Backbone Configuration via Halogenated Asymmetric End‐Groups Enables Over 18% Efficiency All‐Polymer Solar Cells
Authors: Guo Jing , Xia Xinxin , Qiu Beibei , Zhang Jinyuan , Qin Shucheng , Li Xiaojun , Lai Wenbin , Lu Xinhui , Meng Lei , Zhang Zhanjun , Li Yongfang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHigh‐performance all‐polymer solar cells (all‐PSCs) deeply rely on the joint contributions of desirable optical absorption, adaptive energy levels, and appropriate morphology. Herein, two structural analogous polymerized small‐molecule acceptors (PSMAs), PYFCl‐T and PYF&PYCl‐T, are synthesized, and then incorporated into the PM6:PY‐IT binary blends to construct ternary all‐PSCs. Due to the superior compatibility of PY‐IT and PYFCl‐T, the ternary all‐PSC based on PM6:PY‐IT:PYFCl‐T with 10 wt% PYFCl‐T, presents higher and more balanced charge mobility, suppressed charge recombination, and faster charge‐transfer kinetics, resulting in an outstanding power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.12% with enhanced Jsc and FF, which is much higher than that (PCE of 16.09%) of the binary all‐PSCs based on PM6:PY‐IT. Besides, the ternary all‐PSCs also exhibit improved photostability. The conspicuous performance enhancement principally should give the credit to the miscibility‐driven phase optimization of the donor and acceptor. These findings highlight the significance of polymer‐backbone configuration modulation of PSMAs in morphology optimization toward boosting the device properties of all‐PSCs.
Spin‐Decoupled Beam Steering with Active Optical Chirality Based on Terahertz Liquid Crystal Chiral Metadevice
Authors: Fan Fei , Zhao Hui‐Jun , Ji Yun‐Yun , Jiang Song‐Lin , Tan Zhi‐Yu , Cheng Jie‐Rong , Chang Sheng‐Jiang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBroadband terahertz (THz) chirality and wavefront manipulation play important roles in wireless communication, imaging, and radar systems. In this work, by integrating liquid crystal (LC) into a dielectric metasurface, the gradient phase distribution from the Si metasurface and the tunable birefringent phase shift from LC are engineered to perform an active spin‐decoupled beam steering with the strong spin asymmetric transmission. By using geometric symmetry analysis, the relationships between the symmetry breaking and the optical chirality of the metadevice are revealed under different LC orientations, and both the simulations and experiments further verify the dependence of this chirality on spin‐decoupled beam steering with different spin states. The results show that with the orientation changes of the LC by driving the different magnetic fields, the circular dichroism of the device at the 0° deflection angle is ≈100% dynamically modulated and even flipped in the broadband range of 0.8–1.3 THz. With these changes in THz chirality, a tunable spin‐decoupled beam steering occurs in the range of 25°‐45°. This work shows that tunable LC anisotropy leads to more complex symmetry breaking in this structure, and results in more functions than conventional spin‐decoupled wavefront manipulations, which expands the scope of THz chiral metadevice and its applications.
Focused Review on Print‐Patterned Contact Electrodes for Metal‐Oxide Thin‐Film Transistors
Authors: Liu Fei , Gillan Liam , Leppäniemi Jaakko , Alastalo Ari 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMetal‐oxide‐semiconductor‐based thin‐film transistors (TFTs) are exploited in display backplanes and X‐ray detectors fabricated by vacuum deposition and lithographic patterning. However, there is growing interest to use scalable printing technologies to lower the environmental impact and cost of processing. There have been substantial research efforts on oxide dielectric and semiconductor materials and their interfaces. Materials for the source/drain (S/D) contact electrodes and their interface to the semiconductor have received less attention, particularly concerning the usage of printing processes. Specific contact resistivity of oxide TFTs with print‐patterned S/D contacts can be 10−2 to 101 Ω cm2, significantly higher than vacuum‐deposited contacts around 10−5 to 10−3 Ω cm2. Problems at the semiconductor/S/D interface, such as large contact resistance, poor adhesion, or cross‐interface contact material migration, affect device characteristics causing hysteresis loops, kink or step‐like distortion, and threshold voltage shift. This work reviews advances in materials and fabrication methods of print‐patterned S/D electrodes for oxide TFTs. Differences in characterization methods among existing literature hamper comparing the performance of print‐patterned S/D contacts. Therefore, systematic and standardized measurements are proposed to assist identification of possible problems, which to some degree can then be mitigated by device fabrication strategies, facilitating well‐performing printed contact electrodes for metal‐oxide TFTs.
Effect of External Pressure and Quantum State on the Local Magnetization of Germanium Layers: Ab Initio Calculation
Authors: Goncharov Aleksei Vasilievich , Nikolaevich Chibisov Andrey 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDesigning stable quantum computers with the ability to correct errors responsibly requires a detailed understanding of the physical processes that underlie these devices. In this study, detailed quantum mechanical simulations of the atomic structure, charge distribution of electron density, and distribution and orientation of magnetic and quantum states as a function of applied external pressure performed for ultrathin layers of germanium. The results show that, even in the absence of holes, in the negative pressure range, the total spin is characterized by the quantum state |1〉 in the Bloch sphere. It found that the hole states predominantly localized in the volume structure of ultrathin germanium layers. In this structure, there is an ordering of magnetic states with a repetition period of 2a along the elongation axis of the slab.
Design and Synthesis of SERS Materials for In Vivo Molecular Imaging and Biosensing
Authors: Li Qingqing , Huo Hongqi , Wu Ying , Chen Lanlan , Su Lichao , Zhang Xuan , Song Jibin , Yang Huanghao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSurface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a feasible and ultra‐sensitive method for biomedical imaging and disease diagnosis. SERS is widely applied to in vivo imaging due to the development of functional nanoparticles encoded by Raman active molecules (SERS nanoprobes) and improvements in instruments. Herein, the recent developments in SERS active materials and their in vivo imaging and biosensing applications are overviewed. Various SERS substrates that have been successfully used for in vivo imaging are described. Then, the applications of SERS imaging in cancer detection and in vivo intraoperative guidance are summarized. The role of highly sensitive SERS biosensors in guiding the detection and prevention of diseases is discussed in detail. Moreover, its role in the identification and resection of microtumors and as a diagnostic and therapeutic platform is also reviewed. Finally, the progress and challenges associated with SERS active materials, equipment, and clinical translation are described. The present evidence suggests that SERS could be applied in clinical practice in the future.
Metabolic Reprogramming of NK Cells by Black Phosphorus Quantum Dots Potentiates Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: He Lizhen , Zhao Jianfu , Li Hongjun , Xie Bin , Xu Ligeng , Huang Guanning , Liu Ting , Gu Zhen , Chen Tianfeng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLow persistence, metabolic dysfunction in microenvironment, and tumor‐derived immunosuppression of Natural killer (NK) cells in patients are greatly limited the successful clinical application of NK cell‐based cancer immunotherapy. Interestingly, herein that human serum albumin‐encapsulated black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs@HSA) can effectively augment antitumor efficacy of clinical patients‐derived NK cell immunotherapy is found. As the donor of phosphate group, BPQDs@HSA binds with the protein of phosphatidylinositol 4‐phosphate 5‐kinase type‐1 gamma (PIP5K1A) and activates the downstream PI3K‐Akt and mTOR signaling pathways to reprogram cell metabolism of glycolysis and further promote the oxidative phosphorylation, sequentially maintains the cell viability and immunity of NK cells. And multiomics analysis is therefore conducted to reveal the underlying immunoregulation mechanisms, and that BPQDs@HSA can interact with the Toll‐like receptor (TLR) on the NK cell surface and increase the expression level of mTOR, and thus activate downstream NF‐κB signalling pathways to regulate cytokine secretion and enhance immune tumoricidal is found. BPQDs@HSA can also enhance immune surveillance, relieve immune suppression, and inhibit tumor immune escape. Collectively, this study not only demonstrates a successful strategy for nanomedicine‐potentiated immune‐cancer therapy, but also sheds light on the understanding of interface between nanomedicine and immune cells activation.
High‐Purity Graphitic Carbon for Energy Storage: Sustainable Electrochemical Conversion from Petroleum Coke
Authors: Zhu Fei , Song Wei‐Li , Ge Jianbang , Wang Zhe , Huang Zheng , Li Shijie , Wang Mingyong , Zuo Haibin , Jiao Shuqiang , Zhu Hongmin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe petroleum coke (PC) has been widely used as raw materials for the preparation of electrodes in aluminium electrolysis and lithium‐ion batteries (LIB), during which massive CO2 gases are produced. To meet global CO2 reduction, an environmentally friendly route for utilizing PC is highly required. Here, a simple, scalable, catalyst‐free process that can directly convert high‐sulfur PC into graphitic nanomaterials under cathodic polarization in molten CaCl2‐LiCl at mild temperatures is proposed. The energy consumption of the proposed process is calculated to be 3 627.08 kWh t−1, half that of the traditional graphitization process (≈7,825.21 kWh t−1 graphite). When applied as a negative electrode for LIBs, the as‐converted graphite materials deliver a competitive specific capacity of ≈360 mAh g−1 (0.2 C) compared with commercial graphite. This approach has great potential to scale up for sustainably converting low‐value PC into high‐quality graphite for energy storage.
Overcoming the On‐Target Toxicity in Antibody‐Mediated Therapies via an Indirect Active Targeting Strategy
Authors: Tang Zhongjie , Wang Xiaoyou , Tang Mei , Wu Jin , Zhang Jiexuan , Liu Xinlong , Gao Feiyan , Fu Yu , Tang Peng , Li Chong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAntibody‐based therapies could be led astray when target receptors are expressed on nontarget sites, and the on‐target toxicity poses critical challenges to clinical applications. Here, a biomimetic indirect active targeting (INTACT) strategy is proposed based on receptor expression disparities between nontarget sites and the targets. By prebinding the antibodies using cell membrane vesicles with appropriate receptor expressions, the INTACT strategy could filter out the interactions on nontarget sites due to their inferior receptor expression, whereas ensure on‐demand release at the targets by competitive binding. The strategy is verified on CD47 antibody, realizing drastic alleviation of its clinically concerned hematotoxicity on a series of animal models including humanized patient‐derived xenograft platforms, accompanied by preferable therapeutic effects. Furthermore, the INTACT strategy proves extensive applicability for various systems including antibody, antibody–drug conjugate, and targeted delivery systems, providing a potential platform refining the specificity for frontier antibody‐related therapies.
Organisational fragility among urban FNOs in the era of New Public Management
Authors: Howard‐Wagner Deirdre , Soldatic Karen , Riemer June , Leha John , Mason Chris , Goh Cheryl , Hunt Janet , Gibson Jack 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWhile Australian governments generally acknowledge that First Nations organisations (FNOs) have better reach into First Nations communities than mainstream not‐for‐profit (NFP) organisations and governments, as we document in this paper, a survey of community‐controlled FNOs in significant urban areas in New South Wales (NSW) suggests that funding and administrative arrangements in the era of New Public Management (NPM) are at odds, and in some instances, actually undermine the effectiveness of FNOs. To explore and gain an explicit insight into the potential tensions in, contradictions with and constraints of NPM on governments supporting and realising the full potential of FNOs in achieving community outcomes, this paper turns its attention to the results of a survey designed by senior position holders from six community‐controlled FNOs in the Greater Sydney region and three academics. The survey was designed to examine the relationship of the ability of FNOs to act in the interests of their community members with the normalisation of NPM as policy discourse and practice across all layers of government (Federal, State and Local). Urban areas within the state of NSW as its focus, the core findings from the survey suggest that in the NPM era, urban FNOs face numerous difficulties in realising their community mandates and simultaneously guaranteeing their sustainability for the future. The findings suggest that rather than extending the capacity of FNOs and their reach into their communities, NPM policy structures and mandates create increased administrative burdens, precarity and fragility, as well as decreased organisational autonomy and self‐determination.
Biological sex as a modulator in rhinologic anatomy, physiology, and pathology: A scoping review
Authors: Ramkumar Shreya P. , Brar Tripti , Marks Lisa , Marino Michael J. , Lal Devyani 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundBiological sex is increasingly recognized as a critical variable in health care. The authors reviewed the current literature regarding sex‐based differences in rhinology to summarize the data and identify critical knowledge gaps.MethodsA scoping review was conducted. Publications reporting sex‐based differences in anatomy, physiology, and pathology focusing on disease prevalence, disease burden, and outcomes in rhinology were identified.ResultsSeventy‐five relevant manuscripts were identified. While paranasal sinuses are of similar size at birth, they become larger in males leading to differences in ostium location. Females outperform males in olfactory identification but only in the 18‐ to 50‐year age group. Estrogen and progesterone administration can impact muscarinic and α1‐adrenergic nasal mucosa receptor density. Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and CRS without nasal polyps are more prevalent in females while CRS with nasal polyps is more prevalent in males. CRS symptom burden is higher in females before and after endoscopic sinus surgery; however, no difference in endoscopic sinus surgery utilization was found based on sex. Allergic rhinitis is more common in males before puberty and in females after puberty. Epistaxis is more prevalent in males and postmenopausal females compared with premenopausal females, perhaps from differences in sex‐hormonal and hypertension status. In nasopharyngeal carcinoma, the incidence of sinus abnormalities was higher in males than females.ConclusionsAlthough many sex‐based differences exist in rhinology, further research is necessary to offer evidence‐based treatment guidelines. Gonadal hormones should be studied as a therapeutic in rhinologic pathology as baseline physiologic differences exist such as those found in nasal mucosa receptor density.
Recent Developments on Understanding Charge Transfer in Molecular Electron Donor‐Acceptor Systems
Authors: Chen Xi , Zhang Xue , Xiao Xiao , Wang Zhijia , Zhao Jianzhang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCharge transfer (CT) in molecular electron donor‐acceptor systems is pivotal for artificial photosynthesis, photocatalysis, photovoltaics and fundamental photochemistry. We summarized the recent development in study of CT and discussed its application in thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters. The direct experimental proof of the spin multiplicity of the charge separated (CS) state with pulsed laser excited time‐resolved electron paramagnetic resonance (TREPR) spectroscopy was discussed. Experimental determination of the electron exchange energy (J) of the CS state, with magnetic field effect on its yield or lifetime was introduced. The electron spin transfer accompanying the CT, studied with pulsed EPR spectra was briefly discussed. Tuning of the CT yield and kinetics with selective vibration excitation of the linker (the bridge) with IR pulse was presented. Above all, these studies show that there are more fun than simply monitoring the formation of the cations and anions and the kinetics or CS yields in this area.