bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Normative values for the video Head Impulse Test in children without otoneurologic symptoms and their evolution across childhood by gender
Authors: Rodríguez-Villalba Rosana , Caballero-Borrego Miguel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The video Head Impulse Test is routinely used to assess semicircular canal function in adults, but to date, pediatric reference values are scarce. This study aimed to explore the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) in healthy children at different development stages and to compare the obtained gain values with reference to those in an adult population.

Methods
This prospective, single-center study recruited 187 children from among patients without otoneurological diseases, healthy relatives of these patients, and staff families from a tertiary hospital. Patients were divided into three groups by age: 3–6 years, 7–10 years, and 11–16 years. The vestibulo-ocular reflex was assessed by video Head Impulse Test, using a device with a high-speed infrared camera and accelerometer (EyeSeeCam®; Interacoustics, Denmark).

Results
We found a lower vestibulo-ocular reflex gain of both horizontal canals in the 3–6-year-old group when compared with the other age groups. No increasing trend was found in the horizontal canals from age 7–10 years to age 11–16 years, and no differences were found by sex.

Conclusion
Gain values in the horizontal canals increased with age until children reached age 7–10 years and matched the normal values for adults.
Ptolemy’s treatise on the meteoroscope recovered
Authors: Gysembergh Victor , Jones Alexander , Zingg Emanuel , Cotte Pascal , Apicella Salvatore 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe eighth-century Latin manuscript Milan, Veneranda Biblioteca Ambrosiana, L 99 Sup. contains fifteen palimpsest leaves previously used for three Greek scientific texts: a text of unknown authorship on mathematical mechanics and catoptrics, known as the Fragmentum Mathematicum Bobiense (three leaves), Ptolemy's Analemma (six leaves), and an astronomical text that has hitherto remained unidentified and almost entirely unread (six leaves). We report here on the current state of our research on this last text, based on multispectral images. The text, incompletely preserved, is a treatise on the construction and uses of a nine-ringed armillary instrument, identifiable as the “meteoroscope” invented by Ptolemy and known to us from passages in Ptolemy's Geography and in writings of Pappus and Proclus. We further argue that the author of our text was Ptolemy himself.
End of life in patients attended by pediatric palliative care teams: what factors influence the place of death and compliance with family preferences?
Authors: Peláez-Cantero Maria José , Morales-Asencio Jose Miguel , Navarro-Mingorance Álvaro , Madrid-Rodriguez Aurora , Tavera-Tolmo Ángela , Escobosa-Sánchez Olga , Martino-Alba Ricardo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Each year, more than 8 million children worldwide require specialized palliative care, yet there is little evidence available in pediatrics on the characteristics of the end of life in this context. Our aim is to analyze the characteristics of patients who die in the care of specific pediatric palliative care teams. This is ambispective, analytical observational, multicenter study conducted between 1 January and 31 December 2019. Fourteen specific pediatric palliative care teams participated. There are 164 patients, most of them suffering from oncologic, neurologic, and neuromuscular processes. The follow-up time was 2.4 months. The parents voiced preferences in respect of the place of death for 125 of the patients (76.2%). The place of death for 95 patients (57.9%) was at the hospital and 67 (40.9%) was at home. The existence of a palliative care team for over 5 years is more likely to be related to families voicing preferences and their fulfillment. Longer follow-up times by pediatric palliative care teams were observed in families with whom preferences regarding the place of death were discussed and in patients who died at home. Patients who did not receive home visits, when the pediatric palliative care team did not provide full care and when preferences regarding the place of death were not discussed with parents, were more likely to die in the hospital.
Conclusions: Advance planning of end-of-life care is one of the most important aspects of pediatric palliative care. The provision of services by the teams and the follow-up time are related to parents’ expressed preferences and the place of death.

What is Known:• Various studies have shown how the availability of pediatric palliative care services improves the quality of life of patients and their families while reducing costs.• The place of death is an important factor influencing the quality of end-of-life care for dying people. The increase in palliative care teams increases the number of deaths in the home and having this care available 24/7 increases the probability of dying at home.

What is New:• Our study identifies how a longer follow-up time of patients by palliative care teams is significantly associated with death at home and with express and comply with the preferences expressed by families.• Home visits by the palliative care team increase the likelihood that the patient will die at her home and that the preferences expressed by the palliative care team families will be cared for.
MRI image features with an evident relation to low back pain: a narrative review
Authors: van der Graaf Jasper W. , Kroeze Robert Jan , Buckens Constantinus F. M. , Lessmann Nikolas , van Hooff Miranda L. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most prevalent health condition worldwide and responsible for the most years lived with disability, yet the etiology is often unknown. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is frequently used for treatment decision even though it is often inconclusive. There are many different image features that could relate to low back pain. Conversely, multiple etiologies do relate to spinal degeneration but do not actually cause the perceived pain. This narrative review provides an overview of all possible relevant features visible on MRI images and determines their relation to LBP.

Methods
We conducted a separate literature search per image feature. All included studies were scored using the GRADE guidelines. Based on the reported results per feature an evidence agreement (EA) score was provided, enabling us to compare the collected evidence of separate image features. The various relations between MRI features and their associated pain mechanisms were evaluated to provide a list of features that are related to LBP.

Results
All searches combined generated a total of 4472 hits of which 31 articles were included. Features were divided into five different categories:’discogenic’, ‘neuropathic’,’osseous’, ‘facetogenic’, and’paraspinal’, and discussed separately.

Conclusion
Our research suggests that type I Modic changes, disc degeneration, endplate defects, disc herniation, spinal canal stenosis, nerve compression, and muscle fat infiltration have the highest probability to be related to LBP. These can be used to improve clinical decision-making for patients with LBP based on MRI.
Spatial distribution and stable isotopic composition of invertebrates uncover differences between habitats on the glacier surface in the Alps
Authors: Jaroměřská Tereza Novotná , Ambrosini Roberto , Mazurkiewicz Mikołaj , Franzetti Andrea , Klimaszyk Piotr , Rozwalak Piotr , Poniecka Ewa , Vondrovicová Lenka , Zawierucha Krzysztof 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGlacier surfaces are the most biologically productive parts of glaciers with a variety of organisms and habitats. However, distinctiveness of habitats and communities of dominant invertebrate consumers on the ice surface is poorly documented. We focused on dominant consumers in three supraglacial (on the glacier surface) habitats on the alpine glacier Forni – cryoconite holes (water-filled reservoirs with a thin layer of sediment at the bottom), supraglacial debris (layer of stones and gravel covering glacier surface), and surface ice of the weathering crust. We analyzed carbon and nitrogen contents and stable isotope ratios (δ13C, δ15N), organic matter (OM) content, biomass of consumers, and the community composition of consumers to investigate differences between supraglacial habitats. In cryoconite holes, tardigrades (Tardigrada) were dominant consumers. In supraglacial debris, only springtails (Collembola) occurred mainly between stones and ice. No active animals were found in the surface ice of the weathering crust. Carbon and nitrogen contents, δ13C, and δ15N of invertebrates and OM differed between habitats. Cryoconite was enriched in OM with high δ13C and low δ15N compared to supraglacial debris likely indicating differences in major components of OM serving as food of invertebrates. Also, the OM, and carbon and nitrogen contents differed between habitats with the highest concentration in cryoconite. The dry biomass of tardigrades was similar compared to springtails. We present the first observation of differences between supraglacial habitats in the Alps based on the community composition of invertebrates, OM and stable isotopes. This initial study highlights the importance of differences in habitats and its consumers in the functioning of supraglacial ecosystem.
The Impact of Host Abundance on the Epidemiology of Tick-Borne Infection
Authors: O’Neill Xander , White Andy , Gortázar Christian , Ruiz-Fons Francisco 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTick-borne diseases are an increasing global public health concern due to an expanding geographical range and increase in abundance of tick-borne infectious agents. A potential explanation for the rising impact of tick-borne diseases is an increase in tick abundance which may be linked to an increase in density of the hosts on which they feed. In this study, we develop a model framework to understand the link between host density, tick demography and tick-borne pathogen epidemiology. Our model links the development of specific tick stages to the specific hosts on which they feed. We show that host community composition and host density have an impact on tick population dynamics and that this has a consequent impact on host and tick epidemiological dynamics. A key result is that our model framework can exhibit variation in host infection prevalence for a fixed density of one host type due to changes in density of other host types that support different tick life stages. Our findings suggest that host community composition may play a crucial role in explaining the variation in prevalence of tick-borne infections in hosts observed in the field.
The policing culture: an exploration into the mental health of former British police officers
Authors: Porter Cody Normitta , Lee Rory 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEffective policing is essential for reducing crime and ensuring public safety. As part of their role police officers are regularly exposed to traumatic incidents. Without adequate support, prolonged exposure to such events can lead to a deterioration in a police officer’s mental health. As a result of police culture, more specifically the negative attitudes towards seeking help for mental ill-health, many police officers suffer in isolation. This can lead to serious mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety, or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We interviewed 12 former police officers with an average of 26 years in service, regarding their experiences of police culture and how this relates to mental health. We found that although a macho culture (and stigma) exist within policing, attitudes towards mental health appear to be slowly changing. The role of policing has changed in recent years due to increased awareness of mental ill-health. We discuss how this impacts the general wellbeing of police officers, and what this might mean for the future of policing.
‘The wrong’ kind of students or ‘Santa’s workshop’? Teaching practices for newly arrived migrant students in Swedish upper secondary VET
Authors: Paul Enni 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAt some upper secondary schools in Sweden, newly arrived migrant youths can attend vocational courses while studying in the language introduction programme. The teaching practices in relation to language learning for newly arrived migrant students in this kind of school-based VET and how these practices are conditioned are investigated in the article. Eight VET-teachers were interviewed, and the narratives were analyzed using concepts from the theory of practice architectures. Three teaching practices in relation to language learning were identified within the broader project of teaching newly arrived students in VET: i) Swedish language first, ii) second language learning-in-action, and iii) joint VET and second language teaching. These practices were in turn connected to three different approaches to language learning in VET: language learning understood as a) segregated skills instruction, b) as happening ‘naturally’ while participating in VET-practice, c) integrated in VET but requiring explicit instruction and daily interaction with Swedish-speaking students. A conclusion drawn from the study is that newly arrived migrant students are provided unequal opportunities for development of vocational knowing and language competences in Swedish upper secondary schools depending on local conditions. The results also show how economic resources and support from school-leaders provides conditions for re-shaping teaching practices.
BioNoMo: the Biodiversity Network of Mozambique
Authors: Malatesta Luca , Alves Tereza , Attorre Fabio , Brito Denise , Cianciullo Silvio , Datizua Castigo , De Abreu Daniela , De Felici Stefano , De Sousa Camila , Langa Clayton , Mate Boavida , Matimele Hermenegildo , Nicosia Enrico , Odorico Delcio , Raiva Raquel , Sandramo Domingos , Santana Afonso Paula , Sardinha Celso , Souane Joelma , Timane Renato , Tomo Gerson , Ntumi Cornelio 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMozambique biodiversity richness plays a pivotal role to achieve the sustainable development of the country. However, Mozambique’s flora and fauna diversity still remains broadly unknown and poorly documented. To properly address this issue, one of the strategic needs expressed by the Mozambican institutions was the development of a national biodiversity data repository to aggregate, manage and make data available online. Thus, a sustainable infrastructure for the standardisation, aggregation, organisation and sharing of primary biodiversity data was developed. Named the “Biodiversity Network of Mozambique” (BioNoMo), such a tool serves as a national repository of biodiversity data and aggregates occurrence records of plants and animals in the country obtained from floristic and faunistic observations and from specimens of biological collections. In this paper, the authors present the structure and data of BioNoMO, including software details, the process of data gathering and aggregation, the taxonomic coverage and the WebGIS development. Currently, aggregating a total of 273,172 records, including 85,092 occurrence records of plants and 188,080 occurrence records of animals (41.2% terrestrial, 58,8% aquatic), BioNoMo represents the largest aggregator of primary biodiversity data in Mozambique and it is planned to grow further by aggregating new datasets.
For the greater good? Bereidheid van ouders om hun kinderen van 5 tot 11 jaar te vaccineren tegen corona
Authors: Mevissen Fraukje E. F. , van Deursen Babette , Merkelbach Inge , Voeten Helene A. C. M. 
Published: March 2023

SamenvattingWe hebben onderzocht wat de bereidheid van ouders is om hun kinderen van 5 tot 11 jaar te laten vaccineren tegen corona en factoren die hieraan bijdragen. Op boostervaccinatielocaties in Rotterdam is aan ouders (N = 214, 57,8 % vrouw) een vragenlijst uitgedeeld met open en gesloten vragen. De vragenlijst was onderverdeeld in drie categorieën: achtergrondvariabelen van de deelnemer (ouder), achtergrondvariabelen van zijn/haar kinderen, en determinanten van vaccinatiebereidheid en informatiebehoeften. De resultaten laten zien dat 43,0 % van de ouders bereid was hun kinderen te vaccineren. Ouders hadden een ambivalente attitude ten aanzien van vaccineren, en schatten de kans op corona bij kinderen relatief hoog en de ernst van corona bij kinderen relatief laag in. De visie op schadelijkheid van het vaccin was ambivalent. Attitude was de sterkste voorspeller van vaccinatie-intentie en medieerde de effecten van kans, ernst en schadelijkheid. Veel ouders zouden de beslissing met de partner, maar ook met het kind nemen. In de open vragen gaven ze als redenen om het kind wel te vaccineren vooral dat ze het kind of anderen wilden beschermen. Redenen om het kind niet te vaccineren waren vooral zorgen over bijwerkingen en twijfel over de meerwaarde van het vaccineren van kinderen. De beschouwing beschrijft communicatie- en interventiemogelijkheden om vaccinatiebereidheid te bevorderen.
Essential Oil of Origanum vulgare as a Green Corrosion Inhibitor for Carbon Steel in Acidic Medium
Authors: Ihamdane Rachid , Tiskar Malika , Outemsaa Brahim , Zelmat Lamyaa , Dagdag Omar , Berisha Avni , Berdimurodov Elyor , Ebenso Eno E. , Chaouch Abdelaziz 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this study, Oregano (Origanum vulgare) leaf essential oil was studied as an environmental-friendly anticorrosion agent for carbon steel in aggressive hydrochloric acid. The corrosion inhibition of O. vulgare was characterized by surface morphology, electrochemical, weight loss, theoretical and computational methods. It was found that the highest inhibition performance of O. vulgare was 85.64% at 2 g/l in 1 M HCl. The results of Langmuir isotherm and adsorption thermodynamics investigation demonstrated that the O. vulgare inhibitor adsorbed on the metal surface by the formation of rigid covalent bonds. The adsorption and inhibition centers of the selected inhibitor were studied by the computational methods, resulting in that the hydroxyl functional groups and benzoyl rings are mainly responsible for the high inhibition efficiency.
Coexisting Behavior and Status Transition of the Hodgkin-Huxley Cardiac Purkinje Fiber Model Under External AC Injection
Authors: Zhang Xiaohong , Wang Ping , Lu Zhongliang , Moshayedi Ata Jahangir 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe membrane current $$I_m$$

I
m

of the Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) cardiac Purkinje fiber (CPF) model is usually calculated as direct current (DC). In this paper, a conventional alternating current (AC) is used, namely $$I_{AC} = \textrm{Asin}(2 \pi ft)$$

I

AC

=
Asin

(
2
π
f
t
)

, as the impressed injection. Dynamic characters of the model with different AC parameters and various initial conditions are observed through phase plane orbits, waveforms, bifurcation diagrams, and Lyapunov exponent spectra, which reveal multiple coexisting membrane action potential patterns, corresponding to the coexisting attractors of the same or different periods in the phase diagram. Meanwhile, the model undergoes period, quasi-period and local forward or inverse period-doubling bifurcations with changes in amplitude A or frequency f, which further proves the complex nonlinear property of the AC-injected model. In addition, by changing the external current $$I_m$$

I
m

, the sodium-ion and potassium-ion equilibrium potentials, i.e. $$E_{Na}$$

E

Na

and $$E_{K}$$

E
K

, respectively, the regularity of the CPF heartbeat frequency is observed. The state transformations of CPF are found between normal, abnormal and sudden cardiac arrest, and the method adjusting from the dangerous state to the normal heartbeat frequency range is investigated. This study may provide a reference for exploring the evolution of nonlinear dynamics in HH CPF model and protecting the health of life and heart.
Impact of Circular Economy Measures in the European Union Built Environment on a Net-Zero Target
Authors: Sharmina M. , Pappas D. , Scott K. , Gallego-Schmid A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEnvironmental benefits of circular economy (CE) measures, such as waste reduction, need to be weighed against the urgent need to reduce CO2 emissions to zero, in line with the Paris Agreement climate goals of 1.5–2 °C. Several studies have quantified CO2 emissions associated with CE measures in the construction sector in different EU countries, with the literature’s focus ranging from bricks and insulation products, to individual buildings, to the entire construction sector. We find that there is a lack of synthesis and comparison of such studies to each other and to the EU CO2 emission reduction targets, showing a need for estimating the EU-wide mitigation potential of CE strategies. To evaluate the contribution that CE strategies can make to reducing the EU’s emissions, we scale up the CO2 emission estimates from the existing studies to the EU level and compare them to each other, from both construction-element and sector-wide perspectives. Our analysis shows that average CO2 savings from sector-wide estimates (mean 39.28 Mt CO2 eq./year) slightly exceeded construction-element savings (mean 25.06 Mt CO2 eq./year). We also find that a conservative estimate of 234 Mt CO2 eq./year in combined emission savings from CE strategies targeting construction elements can significantly contribute towards managing the EU’s remaining carbon budget. While this is a significant mitigation potential, our analysis suggests caution as to how the performance and trade-offs of CE strategies are evaluated, in relation to wider sustainability concerns beyond material and waste considerations.
Levels and trends in key socioeconomic inequalities in childhood undernutrition in Ethiopia: evidence from Ethiopia demographic and health surveys 2000-2019
Authors: Shiferaw Negussie , Regassa Nigatu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The global burden of childhood undernutrition is mainly concentrated in low-income and lower-middle-income countries. In Ethiopia, childhood undernutrition varies significantly across different population groups. The present study is aimed at examining the levels and trends in key socioeconomic inequalities in childhood undernutrition in Ethiopia.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was based on a total pooled sample of 48,782 under-five children drawn from five rounds of the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Surveys (2000–2019). We used multilevel binary logistic regression analysis to determine the key socioeconomic determinants of undernutrition among under five children. In addition, we applied concentration index and decomposition rate analysis techniques to explore the levels and trends in key socioeconomic inequalities in childhood undernutrition.

Results
Place of residence, household wealth status (approximated by asset-based wealth index), and maternal education, among others, were the key socioeconomic variables significantly associated (p < 0.001) with childhood undernutrition in Ethiopia. The level of inequality was the highest with children from rural areas, poor households and uneducated mothers. Absolute socioeconomic inequality in childhood undernutrition prevalence rate was declined by 9.72 during the study period (2000 to 2019).

Conclusion
Childhood undernutrition was unequally distributed among under-five children in Ethiopia, and largely concentrated among low socioeconomic status population groups. The identified key socioeconomic drivers of inequality in childhood undernutrition can be used to inform localized interventions and communication strategies to improve nutritional status of under-five children in Ethiopia. The study underscores development of poverty reduction strategies that directly address the existing challenges of the food insecurity and childhood undernutrition for the low-income population groups in the country.