bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross-species applicability of an adverse outcome pathway network for thyroid hormone system disruption
Authors: Haigis Ann-Cathrin , Vergauwen Lucia , LaLone Carlie A , Villeneuve Daniel L , O’Brien Jason M , Knapen Dries 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Thyroid hormone system disrupting compounds are considered potential threats for human and environmental health. Multiple adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) for thyroid hormone system disruption (THSD) are being developed in different taxa. Combining these AOPs results in a cross-species AOP network for THSD which may provide an evidence-based foundation for extrapolating THSD data across vertebrate species and bridging the gap between human and environmental health. This review aimed to advance the description of the taxonomic domain of applicability (tDOA) in the network to improve its utility for cross-species extrapolation. We focused on the molecular initiating events (MIEs) and adverse outcomes (AOs) and evaluated both their plausible domain of applicability (taxa they are likely applicable to) and empirical domain of applicability (where evidence for applicability to various taxa exists) in a THSD context. The evaluation showed that all MIEs in the AOP network are applicable to mammals. With some exceptions, there was evidence of structural conservation across vertebrate taxa and especially for fish and amphibians, and to a lesser extent for birds, empirical evidence was found. Current evidence supports the applicability of impaired neurodevelopment, neurosensory development (eg, vision) and reproduction across vertebrate taxa. The results of this tDOA evaluation are summarized in a conceptual AOP network that helps prioritize (parts of) AOPs for a more detailed evaluation. In conclusion, this review advances the tDOA description of an existing THSD AOP network and serves as a catalog summarizing plausible and empirical evidence on which future cross-species AOP development and tDOA assessment could build.
Effect of paracetamol on the storage cells of Hypsibius exemplaris—ultrastructural analysis
Authors: Wieczorkiewicz Filip , Sojka Julia , Poprawa Izabela 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Tardigrades in their natural environment are exposed to various environmental toxicants, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or antipyretics such as paracetamol. This drug can enter the animal’s body through the body wall or the digestive system with food and can affect the biology of organisms. In this paper, we report for the first time the effects of paracetamol on tardigrade storage cells. We analyzed the effects of short-term (7 days) and long-term (28 days) exposure of Hypsibius exemplaris storage cells to three paracetamol concentrations (0.2 µgxL−1, 230 µgxL−1, 1 mgxL−1). Our results showed that increasing paracetamol concentration and incubation time increases the number of damaged mitochondria in storage cells, and autophagy is activated and intensified. Moreover, the relocation of some organelles and cell deformation may indicate cytoskeleton damage.
Pain Management in the Postoperative Period for People With Dementia: An Integrative Review
Authors: Neville Emily K. , Stolic Snezana , Wagstaff Ruth A. , Neville Christine C. 
Published: July 2023

Objective:
With the increased global prevalence of older people with dementia, more will present for surgery over the coming decades. Therefore, the objective of this study was to synthesize the existing research about how pain in managed for people with dementia in the postoperative period and discuss the implications for clinical practice.

Methods:
For this integrative review, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health literature, Medline/Pubmed, ProQuest, ERIC, and Health Source Nursing were searched to identify original empirical research published between 2000 and 2021. Tasks were divided between reviewers to ensure independent study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment.

Results:
Eleven articles were eligible. The evidence is incompletely developed therefore the review focused on pain assessment, the types and amount of pain relief, that people with dementia receive less analgesia than people without dementia and the challenges for effective pain management. Most studies were surgery for hip fracture so there is scope to look at outcomes for other types of surgery. Analgesia was administered but it was noted that even over a 20-year period, people with dementia received less than cognitively intact people. Pain management could have a stronger evidence-base with more psychometric development of pain assessment tools. Challenges are due to the impaired ability of the person with dementia to communicate pain and that clinicians have difficulty understanding pain behavior in people with dementia.

Conclusion:
Adequate pain management for people with dementia in the postoperative period is important for a faster and better recovery.
Vascularized pronator quadratus pedicled bone grafting versus iliac crest bone grafting in the treatment of scaphoid nonunion: a retrospective study
Authors: Zandrahimi Farshad , Aazami Maryam , Sarhadi Zade Alireza , Saied Alireza 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Vascularized pronator quadratus pedicled bone grafting is a viable procedure for the treatment of scaphoid nonunion. However, its superiority over iliac crest bone grafting is unknown. In this study, we compare the union rate and outcomes of these procedures in the treatment of scaphoid nonunion.

Methods:
The medical profiles of the patients with scaphoid nonunion that were treated with either pronator quadratus pedicled bone grafting (n=23) or iliac crest bone grafting procedure (n=31) were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with avascular necrosis of the scaphoid and those with the involvement of the proximal pole were excluded. The outcome measures were the union rate and time, active wrist range of motion, pinch, and grip strength.

Results:
The mean age of the patients was 30±8.1 yr. Bony union was achieved in all patients of the study groups. The mean time to union was 9.1±2.8 wk in the pronator quadratus group and 8.7±3.5 wk in the iliac crest groups (P=0.14). The mean active flexion, extension, radial deviation, ulnar deviation, pinch, and grip strength of the involved wrist averaged 87.3%, 86.2%, 80.2%, 89.1%, 84.3%, and 85.6% of the contralateral wrist in the pronator quadratus group and 85.5%, 87%, 77.8%, 85.1%, 88.8%, and 87.8% of the contralateral wrist in the iliac crest group, respectively. These differences were not statistically significant.

Conclusion:
Pronator quadratus pedicled bone grafting provides a similar union rate and outcomes compared to the iliac crest bone grafting in the treatment of scaphoid nonunion.

Level of Evidence:
IV
A randomized comparative study of flexible ureterorenoscopy versus mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy for treatment of renal stones 2 cm or less
Authors: Darwish Amr E. , Abdel Moneim Alaa E. , Ahmed Abdelfatah I. , Hamdy Seif M. , Abolella Hassan A. , Reda Ahmed 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Flexible ureterorenoscopy (fURS) and mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (mPCNL) have been increasingly used for the treatment of renal stones. However, current guidelines do not recommend one modality over the other. The aim of this study is to compare the safety and efficacy of treatment with fURS versus mPCNL for renal stones sized 2 cm or less.

Materials and methods
A prospective, randomized, comparative study was conducted between January 2019 and July 2021 at 3 tertiary care urology centers. Inclusion criteria were adult patients with renal stone(s) ≤ 2 cm with inappropriateness or failure of extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy. Subjects were assigned to 1 of 2 treatment groups, either mPCNL or fURS. Two primary outcomes were assessed: (1) initial success rate, defined as the absence of clinically significant residual fragments (>2 mm) on kidney ureter bladder X-ray and ultrasound on the first postoperative day; and (2) complications, which were reported according to the Modified Clavien-Dindo classification system. Secondary outcomes included final success rate, defined as the absence of clinically significant residual fragments on noncontrast computed tomography on the 90th postoperative day; operative time; auxiliary procedures and blood transfusion rates; hemoglobin drop; and length of hospital stay.

Results
One hundred and eighteen procedures were analyzed (59 in each group). The initial success rate of the mPCNL group (93%) was significantly higher than that of the fURS group (70%). Complications occurred more frequently with mPCNL than fURS (44.1% vs. 18.6%, respectively). Final success rate, operative time, and length of hospital stay were comparable between the 2 groups.

Conclusions
Mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy is more effective than fURS as a single-step treatment for renal stones <2 cm because of its higher initial success rate and lower auxiliary procedure rate. However, mPCNL results in significantly higher complication rates than fURS.
Ocular Surface Disease as Extraesophageal Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Manifestation: A Specific Therapeutic Strategy
Authors: Di Zazzo Antonio , Micera Alessandra , Surico Pier Luigi , Balzamino Bijorn Omar , Luccarelli Vitaliana , Antonini Marco , Coassin Marco , Bonini Stefano 
Published: July 2023

Purpose:
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) are common gastrointestinal disorders with extraesophageal manifestations (EGERD). Studies showed a correlation between GERD/LPR and ocular discomfort. Our aim was to report the prevalence of ocular involvement in patients with GERD/LPR, describe clinical and biomolecular manifestations, and provide a treatment strategy for this novel EGERD comorbidity.

Methods:
Fifty-three patients with LPR and 25 healthy controls were enrolled in this masked randomized controlled study. Fifteen naive patients with LPR were treated with magnesium alginate eye drops and oral therapy (magnesium alginate and simethicone tablets) with a 1-month follow-up. Clinical ocular surface evaluation, Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire, tear sampling, and conjunctival imprints were performed. Tear pepsin levels were quantified by ELISA. Imprints were processed for human leukocyte antigen-DR isotype (HLA-DR) immunodetection and for HLA-DR, IL8, mucin 5AC (MUC5AC), nicotine adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and neuropeptide Y (NPY) transcript expression (PCR).

Results:
Patients with LPR had significantly increased Ocular Surface Disease Index (P < 0.05), reduced T-BUT (P < 0.05), and higher meibomian gland dysfunction (P < 0.001) compared with controls. After treatment, tear break-up time (T-BUT) and meibomian gland dysfunction scores improved to normal values. Pepsin concentration increased in patients with EGERD (P = 0.01) and decreased with topical treatment (P = 0.0025), significantly. HLA-DR, IL8, and NADPH transcripts were significantly increased in the untreated versus controls and comparable significant values were obtained after treatment (P < 0.05). MUC5AC expression significantly increased with treatment (P = 0.005). VIP transcripts were significantly higher in EGERD than in controls and decreased with the topical treatment (P < 0.05). No significant changes were observed in NPY.

Conclusions:
We report an increase in prevalence of ocular discomfort in patients with GERD/LPR. The observations of VIP and NPY transcripts demonstrate the potential neurogenic nature of the inflammatory state. Restoration of the ocular surface parameters suggests the potential usefulness of topical alginate therapy.
Measurement of Anions in Tear Fluid Using Ion Chromatography
Authors: Saito Tomohiko , Suzuki Takashi , Nakayama Chika , Kato Yukina , Kakisu Koji , Itokawa Takashi , Hori Yuichi , Ushida Kiminori 
Published: July 2023

Purpose:
Tear fluid (TF) contains a variety of electrolytes that exhibit a strong correlation with its osmotic pressure. These electrolytes are also related to the etiology of diseases on ocular surfaces such as dry eye syndromes and keratopathy. Although positive ions (cations) in TF have been investigated to understand their roles, negative ions (anions) have hardly been studied because applicable analytical methods are restricted to a few kinds. In this study, we established a method to analyze the anions involved in a sufficiently small amount of TF for in situ diagnosis of a single subject.

Methods:
Twenty healthy volunteers (10 men and 10 women) were recruited. Anions in their TF were measured on a commercial ion chromatograph (IC-2010, Tosoh, Japan). Tear fluid (5 μL or more) was collected from each subject with a glass capillary, diluted with 300 μL of pure water, and conveyed to the chromatograph. We successfully monitored the concentrations of bromide, nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate anions (Br−, NO3
−, HPO4
2−, and SO4
2−, respectively) in TF.

Results:
Br− and SO4
2− were universally detected in all samples, whereas NO3
− was found in 35.0% and HPO4
2− in 30.0% of them. The mean concentrations (mg/L) of each anion were Br−, 4.69 ± 0.96; NO3
−, 0.80 ± 0.68; HPO4
2−, 17.48 ± 7.60; and SO4
2−, 3.34 ± 2.54. As for SO4
2−, no sex differences or diurnal variations were observed.

Conclusions:
We established an efficient protocol to quantitate various inorganic anions involved in a small amount of TF using a commercially available instrument. This is the first step to elucidate the role of anions in TF.
Phacoemulsification Under the Complex Dua Layer–Descemet–Endothelium for Combined Cataract Surgery and Penetrating Keratoplasty After Failed Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty
Authors: Lucisano Andrea , Scorcia Vincenzo , Rossi Costanza , Scalia Giovanni , Giannaccare Giuseppe 
Published: July 2023

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to report the surgical management of an eye with a cataract and a failed deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) graft. Given the null visualization of the anterior chamber, instead of performing penetrating keratoplasty (PK) combined with open-sky extracapsular extraction, the cleavage plane of the previous DALK was used to expose the transparent complex including Dua layer (DL)–Descemet membrane (DM)–endothelium and to perform phacoemulsification in a closed system; then, PK was completed after the surgical removal of the complex DL–DM–endothelium.

Methods:
This study is a case report.

Results:
A 45-year-old woman with corneal opacity due to Acanthamoeba keratitis underwent multiple (n = 2) DALK surgeries. The second DALK graft underwent failure, with the development of severe corneal edema; a dense opacity of the lens was also present. The patient was scheduled for combined PK and cataract surgery. Because the cornea was too opaque to allow closed-system cataract surgery, a partial trephination was performed with the purpose of reopening the old donor–host junction and finding the deep cleavage plane. This maneuver permitted the exposition of the complex DL–DM–endothelium that was completely transparent, thus allowing standard phacoemulsification using the phaco-chop technique. A full-thickness corneal graft was then positioned and sutured.

Conclusions:
This case confirms the toughness of the complex DL–DM–endothelium and reveals the transparency of this complex even in the presence of a failed endothelium, thus highlighting distinct advantages of our surgical approach over the conventional one involving PK combined with open-sky extracapsular extraction.
Techniques and outcomes of percutaneous tumour ablation for small renal masses
Authors: Pecoraro Angela , Campi Riccardo , Marchioni Michele 
Published: July 2023

Purpose of review
Small renal masses suspected to be malignant have little potential for metastasis and disease-related mortality. Surgery remains the standard care but represents overtreatment in many cases. Percutaneous ablative technique, especially thermal ablation has emerged as a valid alternative.

Recent findings
The increased availability of cross-sectional imaging has led to a large number of incidentally detected small renal masses (SRMs), many of which are of low grade and exhibit indolent behaviour. Since 1996, ablative techniques such as cryoablation, radiofrequency ablation, and microwave ablation have gained widespread acceptance for treatment of SRMs in patients who are not surgical candidates. In this review article, we provide an overview of each of the commonly used percutaneous ablative treatments for SRMs and summarize the current literature regarding the advantages and disadvantages of each technique.

Summary
Although partial nephrectomy (PN) represents the standard treatment of SRMs, Thermal ablation techniques have been increasingly used showing acceptable efficacy, low complication rate, and equivalent survival. Cryoablation seems to be superior to radiofrequency ablation in terms of local tumour control and retreatment rates. However, selection criteria for thermal ablation are still under refinement.
Metastasis-directed treatment in kidney cancer
Authors: Jackson Jamaal C. , Franco Antonio , Wang Dian , Autorino Riccardo , Vourganti Srinivas 
Published: July 2023

Purpose of reviewTo provide a critical overview of the latest evidence on the role of metastasis-direct treatment (MDT) in the management of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).Recent findingsThis is a nonsystematic review of the English language literature published since January 2021. A PubMed/MEDLINE search using various search terms was conducted, including only original studies. After title and abstract screening, selected articles were grouped into two main areas which mirror the main treatment options in this setting: surgical metastasectomy (MS) and stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT). While a limited number of retrospective studies have been reported on surgical MS, the consensus of these reports is that extirpation of metastasis should be part of a multimodal management strategy for carefully selected cases. In contrast, there have been both retrospective studies and a small number of prospective studies on the use of SRT of metastatic sites.SummaryAs the management of mRCC rapidly evolves, and evidence on MDT – both in the form of MS and SRT – has continued to build over the past 2 years. Overall, there is growing interest in this therapeutic option, which is increasingly being implemented and seems to be safe and potentially beneficial in well selected disease scenarios.
Glycoprotein VI is Critical for the Detection and Progression of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Authors: Benson Tyler W. , Pike Mindy M. , Spuzzillo Anthony , Hicks Sarah M. , Pham Michael , Mix Doran S. , Brunner Seth I. , Wadding-Lee Caris , Conrad Kelsey A. , Russell Hannah M. , Jennings Courtney , Coughlin Taylor M. , Aggarwal Anu , Lyden Sean , Mani Kevin , Björck Martin , Wanhainen Anders , Bhandari Rohan , Lipworth-Elliot Loren , Robinson-Cohen Cassianne , Caputo Francis J. , Shim Sharon , Edwards Todd L. , Tranter Michael , Gardiner Elizabeth E. , Mackman Nigel , Cameron Scott J. , Owens A. Phillip 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTA common feature in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) is the formation of a nonocclusive intraluminal thrombus (ILT) in regions of aortic dilation. Platelets are known to maintain hemostasis and propagate thrombosis through several redundant activation mechanisms, yet the role of platelet activation in the pathogenesis of AAA associated ILT is still poorly understood. Thus, we sought to investigate how platelet activation impacts the pathogenesis of AAA. Using RNA-sequencing, we identify that the platelet-associated transcripts are significantly enriched in the ILT compared to the adjacent aneurysm wall and healthy control aortas. We found that the platelet specific receptor glycoprotein VI (GPVI) is among the top enriched genes in AAA ILT and is increased on the platelet surface of AAA patients. Examination of a specific indicator of platelet activity, soluble GPVI (sGPVI), in two independent AAA patient cohorts is highly predictive of a AAA diagnosis and associates more strongly with aneurysm growth rate when compared to D-dimer in humans. Finally, intervention with the anti-GPVI antibody (J) in mice with established aneurysms blunted the progression of AAA in two independent mouse models. In conclusion, we show that levels of sGPVI in humans can predict a diagnosis of AAA and AAA growth rate, which may be critical in the identification of high-risk patients. We also identify GPVI as a novel platelet-specific AAA therapeutic target, with minimal risk of adverse bleeding complications, where none currently exist.KEY POINTSSoluble glycoprotein VI, which is a platelet-derived blood biomarker, predicts a diagnosis of AAA, with high sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing patients with fast from slow-growing AAA.Blockade of glycoprotein VI in mice with established aneurysms reduces AAA progression and mortality, indicating therapeutic potential.
Fertility care among people with primary ciliary dyskinesia
Authors: Schreck Leonie D , Goutaki Myrofora , Jörger Philippa , Dexter Katie , Manion Michele , Christin-Maitre Sophie , Maitre Bernard ,   COVID-PCD patient advisory group, Kuehni Claudia E , Pedersen Eva SL 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionFertility care is important for people living with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) who are at increased risk of fertility problems. We investigated fertility care in an international participatory study.MethodsParticipants of the COVID-PCD study completed an online questionnaire addressing fertility issues. We used logistic regression to study factors associated with fertility specialist visits.ResultsAmong 384 respondents (response rate 53%), 266 were adults [median age 44 years, interquartile range (IQR) 33–54), 68% female], 16 adolescents, and 102 parents of children with PCD. Half adult participants (128; 48%) received care from fertility specialists at a median age of 30 years (IQR 27–33)—a median of 10 years after PCD diagnosis. Fertility specialist visits were reported more often by adults with pregnancy attempts [odds ratio (OR) 9.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.8–23.6] and among people who reported fertility as important for them (OR 5.9, 95% CI 2.6–14.6) and less often by females (OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2–0.8). Only 56% of participants who talked with healthcare professionals about fertility were satisfied with information they received. They expressed needs for more comprehensive fertility information and reported dissatisfaction with physician knowledge about PCD and fertility.ConclusionPeople with PCD are inconsistently referred to fertility specialists. We recommend care from fertility specialists become standard in routine PCD care, and that PCD physicians provide initial fertility information either at diagnosis or no later than transition to adult care.
Accelerated somatic mutation calling for whole-genome and whole-exome sequencing data from heterogenous tumor samples
Authors: Ji Shuangxi , Zhu Tong , Sethia Ankit , Wang Wenyi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAccurate detection of somatic mutations in DNA sequencing data is a fundamental prerequisite for cancer research. Previous analytical challenge was overcome by consensus mutation calling from four to five popular callers. This, however, increases the already nontrivial computing time from individual callers. Here, we launch MuSE2.0, powered by multi-step parallelization and efficient memory allocation, to resolve the computing time bottleneck. MuSE2.0 speeds up 50 times than MuSE1.0 and 8-80 times than other popular callers. Our benchmark study suggests combining MuSE2.0 and the recently expedited Strelka2 can achieve high efficiency and accuracy in analyzing large cancer genomic datasets.