bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surviving in Ocean Worlds: Experimental Characterization of Fiber Optic Tethers across Europa-like Ice Faults and Unraveling the Sliding Behavior of Ice
Authors: Singh Vishaal , McCarthy Christine , Silvia Matthew , Jakuba Michael V. , Craft Kathleen L. , Rhoden Alyssa R. , German Chris , Koczynski Theodore A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
As an initial step toward in situ exploration of the interiors of Ocean Worlds to search for life using cryobot architectures, we test how various communication tethers behave under potential Europa-like stress conditions. By freezing two types of pretensioned insulated fiber optic cables inside ice blocks, we simulate tethers being refrozen in a probe’s wake as it traverses through an Ocean World’s ice shell. Using a cryogenic biaxial apparatus, we simulate shear motion on preexisting faults at various velocities and temperatures. These shear tests are used to evaluate the mechanical behavior of ice, characterize the behavior of communication tethers, and explore their limitations for deployment by a melt probe. We determine (a) the maximum shear stress tethers can sustain from an ice fault, prior to failure (viable/unviable regimes for deployment), and (b) optical tether performance for communications. We find that these tethers are fairly robust across a range of temperature and velocity conditions expected on Europa (T = 95–260 K, velocity = 5 × 10−7 m s−1 to 3 × 10−4 m s−1). However, damage to the outer jackets of the tethers and stretching of inner fibers at the coldest temperatures tested both indicate a need for further tether prototype development. Overall, these studies constrain the behavior of optical tethers for use at Ocean Worlds, improve the ability to probe thermomechanical properties of dynamic ice shells likely to be encountered by landed missions, and guide future technology development for accessing the interiors of (potentially habitable ± inhabited) Ocean Worlds.
CO and CO2 Productions Rates of Comets Observed by NEOWISE within Year 1 of the Reactivated Mission
Authors: Gicquel Adeline , Bauer James M. , Kramer Emily A. , Mainzer Amy K. , Masiero Joseph R. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We report on the observed fluxes of the comets detected by NEOWISE during the first year of operations after the spacecraft’s reactivation. The sample included 57 comets. Of the comets detected, 30 were short-period comets (27 Jupiter-family comets, 1 Centaur, 2 Halley-type comets), and 27 were long-period comets. From the measured fluxes in the two NEOWISE bands, proxies for the gas production and coma dust are derived. We find a relationship between heliocentric distance, perihelion distance, and the gas-to-dust proxy fractions.
Intégrer les infirmières en pratique avancée dans les soins premiers ambulatoires : représentations et attentes des médecins généralistes
Authors: Aumaréchal Laure , Lebeau Jean-Pierre , Lebleu Mary 
Published: January 2023

Introduction : la pratique avancée infirmière a été récemment introduite dans le système de soins français, suscitant des réactions très variées des professionnels du soin. Beaucoup de travaux se sont intéressés aux bénéfices de l’infirmière en pratique avancée (IPA), aux étapes à suivre pour favoriser son implantation. Très peu, en revanche, ont exploré le ressenti des médecins généralistes (MG). L’objectif de ce travail était d’explorer les représentations, ressentis et attentes des MG d’une communauté professionnelle territoriale de santé (CPTS) vis-à-vis de la pratique avancée infirmière. Méthode : une étude qualitative avec une approche inspirée de la théorisation ancrée a été conduite, à partir d’entretiens semi-directifs, individuels ou en focus groups , auprès des MG d’une CPTS. Résultats : 12 MG ont été interrogés. L’analyse axiale a permis de construire et caractériser deux catégories : « Être deux » et « Définir le métier ». Discussion : les propriétés situées à l’intersection de ces deux catégories avaient notamment trait à la question du « pouvoir médical ».
Les expériences de patients francophones qui se présentent fréquemment à l’urgence pour des raisons de santé mentale
Authors: Vandyk Amanda , Lightfoot Sophie , Levesque Kristine , Domecq Marie-Cécile , Jacob Jean Daniel 
Published: January 2023

Introduction : la langue et la communication sont essentielles à la sécurité des soins et à la gestion des personnes aux prises avec un trouble de santé mentale, en particulier lorsque ces personnes sont des minorités linguistiques. Objectifs/méthode : explorer ces réalités au sein d’une population en situation minoritaire linguistique en complément d’une revue de la littérature et des entrevues qualitatives. Les entrevues ont été menées à Ottawa, au Canada, auprès de patients francophones. Les études incluses dans la revue représentaient la littérature internationale sur les minorités linguistiques en général. Résultats : dans l’ensemble, les expériences décrites dans les articles publiés étaient semblables aux expériences vécues des participants, ce qui suggère que des obstacles aux soins existent, même dans les contextes ayant pour mandat de fournir des services dans les deux langues officielles. Discussion/conclusion : il y a de nombreux obstacles à la prestation de services de soins de santé mentale, et ce, quelle que soit la langue dominante. Toutefois, nous avons identifié comme distinct le sentiment intériorisé de responsabilité ressenti par les patients en situation minoritaire qui se sentent obligés de compenser ou de combler les lacunes linguistiques des prestataires.
Soins offerts aux personnes vivant avec le VIH : représentations sociales des infirmières dans un centre hospitalo-universitaire marocain
Authors: El Yahyaoui Sofia , Zeggwagh Amine Ali 
Published: January 2023

Introduction : les représentations sociales (RS) des infirmières sur la maladie VIH-sida et les soins fournis aux personnes vivant avec le VIH sont diverses et différentes selon les contextes. L’étude vise la compréhension des RS des infirmières sur la maladie et sur les soins dispensés. Méthode : il s’agit d’une étude qualitative réalisée en 2018 auprès de 50 infirmières pratiquant dans 11 services spécialisés, relevant de sept hôpitaux universitaires marocains. Résultats : les RS des infirmières ont rappelé les débuts de l’émergence de la maladie VIH-sida avec certaines prises de positions sur sa conception clinique. Les soins prescrits ont été au cœur des représentations professionnelles, avec un intérêt néanmoins peu marqué pour les soins relationnels. Plusieurs conduites et émotions ont été représentées également autour de la relation soignant/soigné des infirmières face aux personnes vivant avec le VIH. Discussion : en milieu de soins, les RS sur la maladie VIH-sida et les soins dispensés donnent naissance à des modèles de soins et des relations qui vont au-delà des connaissances et capacités techniques. Conclusion : des actions d’engagement individuel portant sur les rencontres professionnelles et multidisciplinaires peuvent changer ces représentations et accompagner les infirmières dans l’intégration des soins de sensibilité, portant sur des affects positifs envers les patients.
Study of hematological changes in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis (pre and post)
Authors: Das Purna Chandra , Ghosh Soma , Banerjee Uma 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Chronic renal failure (CRF), a debilitating condition responsible for high morbidity and mortality considered a financial burden to the government and society. Determining the prevalence of CRF in any country is important for planning the care of affected patients.

Aim and Objectives:
The study aimed at looking for the hematological changes before, and following hemodialysis (HD) in CRF patients. The objectives included comparing complete hemogram, coagulation profile, and blood biochemistry before and after HD; determining hematological complications post-HD; taking precautions to reduce morbidity and mortality from hematological point of view; and assessing changes in hematological profile of CRF patients undergoing HD.

Materials and Methods:
An institutional cross-sectional study was done on 62 patients of CRF undergoing HD. The hematological and biochemical parameters were studied along with urinary findings.

Results:
Males were more affected in the study. The hematological parameters which were elevated following dialysis were total leukocyte count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), bleeding and clotting time, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, but MCH concentration and platelet count showed a fall. Postprandial blood sugar, calcium and erythropoietin showed elevated levels following hemodialysis., while decreased levels were found in fasting blood sugar, sodium, potassium, phosphate, urea, and creatinine. Urinary studies showed a increase in specific gravity and a decrease in 24 h urinary protein.

Conclusion:
CRF is becoming a dreadful condition in society, with dialysis playing an eminent role in treatment modality. Formulating precautions before and after dialysis based on various hematological and biochemical parameters can help to reduce morbidity and mortality.
Anxiety and depressive symptoms in health-care workers managing COVID-19 patients
Authors: Sabu Joel , Nayak K. Priya , Chacko Joshua S. , Karintholil Aiswarya Roy 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Health-care professionals managing the pandemic are at higher risk of developing psychological distress and posttraumatic stress symptoms. The study highlights the importance of evaluating mental health among health-care workers to improve efficiency at work and also proves to be a major step to prevent suicide among health-care workers.

Materials and Methods:
The authors conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire-based clinical study, using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 to assess stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms among doctors and nurses managing COVID-19 patients in Karnataka.

Results:
Of 233 participants, 3 (1.3%), 27 (11.6%), 15 (6.4%), and 159 (68.2%) participants were suffering from mild, moderate, severe, and extremely severe anxiety respectively; 17 (7.3%), 32 (13.7%), 21 (9%), and 131 (56.2%) are suffering from mild, moderate, severe, extremely severe depressive symptoms, respectively; 15 (6.4%), 19 (8.2%), 26 (11.2%), and 114 (48.9%) are suffering from mild, moderate, severe, and extremely severe stress, respectively. The study also showed that health-care workers who had faced an epidemic in the past were able to cope up with the change in a scenario as compared to those who had not in the past.

Conclusion:
The study shows the prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms in doctors and nurses. It also shows that people who had exposure to a pandemic in the past were able to cope up better with the situation.
Evaluation of Morphological Changes in Hepatic Parenchyma, Bile Ducts, and Hepatic Vasculature in Patients with Oriental Cholangiohepatitis using Ultrasonography
Authors: Ahmad Kazime Mir Junaid , Ashraf Obaid , Ilyas Mohd. 
Published: January 2023

Objective:
The objective of this study is to study the morphological changes in hepatic parenchyma, to characterize the intra and extrahepatic ductal changes and to study the morphological changes in vasculature of the liver in patients with oriental cholangiohepatitits (OCH).

Materials and Methods:
All documented or newly diagnosed cases of OCH, referred to the department of radiodiagnosis and imaging from Departments of Surgical Gastroenterology and Medical Gastroenterology were evaluated by ultrasonography (USG) and color Doppler study. The dilatation of the intrahepatic as well as extra-hepatic ducts was noted. The morphological changes in the liver parenchyma as well as hepatic vasculature were studied.

Results:
USG showed calculi in 53 (98.1%) cases, ductal dilatation in 52 (96.3%), and worms within biliary ducts in 10 cases (18.5%). Among parenchymal changes, atrophy was seen in 9 cases (16.6%), space-occupying lesion was seen in seven cases (12.9%), and peri-portal echogenicity in 10 cases (18.5%). Significant association was found between atrophic segments and reduced/absent blood flow in the affected segmental portal venous branches.

Conclusion:
USG is the preferred primary examination. Further imaging depends on the USG findings, the patient's symptomatology, the clinical problems, and the intended mode of treatment.

Advances in Knowledge:
USG plays a pivotal role in the evaluation of oriental cholangiohepatitis in the low resource settings where higher modalities like MRI are not available, especially in the remote areas of developing countries, as it has high degree of accuracy in the diagnosis of OCH.
Monoidal Structures on the Categories of Quadratic Data
Authors: Manin Yuri Ivanovich , Vallette Bruno 
Published: January 2023

The notion of 2-monoidal category used here was introduced by
B. Vallette
in [J. Pure Appl. Algebra 208, No. 2, 699–725 (2007; Zbl 1109.18002); Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 359, No. 10, 4865–4943 (2007; Zbl 1140.18006)] for applications in the operadic context. The starting point for this article was a remark by Yu. Manin that in the category of quadratic algebras (that is,"quantum linear spaces") one can also define 2-monoidal structure(s) with rather unusual properties. Here we give a detailed exposition of these constructions, together with their generalisations to the case of quadratic operads.

Their parallel exposition was motivated by the following remark. Several important operads/cooperads such as genus zero quantum cohomology operad, the operad classifying Gerstenhaber algebras, and more generally, (co)operads of homology/cohomology of some topological operads, start with collections of quadratic algebras/coalgebras rather than simply linear spaces.
Suggested here enrichments of the categories to which components of these operads belong, as well of the operadic structures themselves, might lead to better understanding of these fundamental objects.
Identification of Multiple Variant Extensively Drug-Resistant Typhoid Infections across Pakistan
Authors: Kamal Rashid , Ching Carly , Zaman Muhammad H. , Sultan Faisal , Abbas Salma , Khan Ezza , Mirza Shaper , Nizamuddin Summiya 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT.
Typhoid fever, caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi), is a life-threatening bacterial infection. Recently, an outbreak of a new sublineage of extensively drug resistant (XDR) S. Typhi emerged in Pakistan in the province of Sindh. This sublineage had both a composite multidrug resistance transposon integrated on the chromosome and an acquired IncY plasmid carrying the extended spectrum beta-lactamase, blaCTX-M-15, which conferred resistance to third-generation cephalosporins. We observed previously that XDR typhoid had spread beyond the originating southern Sindh Province. Thus, we sought to determine the genetic diversity of 58 ceftriaxone-resistant S. Typhi clinical isolates by whole genome sequencing collected across Pakistan from November 2018 to December 2020 to provide insights into the molecular epidemiology of the evolving outbreak. We identify multiple novel genomic integrations of the extended spectrum beta-lactamase gene into the chromosome in S. Typhi, revealing the existence of various XDR typhoid variants circulating in the country. Notably, the integration of the IncY plasmid bearing antibiotic resistance genes may allow for subsequent plasmid acquisition by these variants, potentially leading to further plasmid-borne multidrug resistance. Our results can inform containment initiatives, help track associated outcomes and international spread, and help determine how widespread the risk is.
Re-Conceptualising Youth: Theoretical Overview
Authors: Galstyan Marina 
Published: January 2023

There are a bulk of definitions and even controversial claims about the "youth" concept. The origins of the concept date back to early Medieval Times, when youth was associated with self-sufficiency and the ability to take responsibility for others (Jones, G., 2009). Since the 17th century, the ideas of childhood and youth have been associated with dependency. Later on, youth has been perceived as a transitional phase of the human life. Though each of the approaches characterizes a specific aspect of young people's life, taken separately, it does not allow to gain a holistic sense of the concept. To get a comprehensive understanding of the concept, it is necessary to formulate an integrated approach to the youth by analysing existing definitions through the sociological and youth studies perspectives. Thus, the article covers the twofold objectives: 1) a comparative theoretical analysis of contemporary approaches to the “youth” notion; 2) the development of an analytical tool to overcome paradoxes among different approaches to defining and conceptualizing the “youth”.
A large-scale wind turbine model installed on a floating structure: experimental validation of the numerical design
Authors: Taruffi Federico , Di Carlo Simone , Muggiasca Sara , Belloli Marco 
Published: January 2023

Abstract. In the field of floating wind energy, large-scale wind
turbine models deployed in natural environments represent a key link between
small-scale laboratory tests and full-scale prototypes. While implying
smaller cost, design and installation effort than a full-scale prototype,
large-scale models are technologically very similar to prototypes, can be
tested in natural sea and wind conditions, and reduce by a consistent amount
the dimensional scaling issues arising in small-scale experiments. In this
framework the presented work report the aerodynamic and control system
assessment of a 1:15 model of the DTU 10 MW wind turbine installed on a
multipurpose-platform model for fish farming and energy production. The
model has operated for 6 months in a natural laboratory and has been
exposed to fully natural and uncontrolled environmental conditions.
Assessment is performed in terms of rotor thrust force and power controller
parameters such as rotor speed, blade pitch and rotor power as a function of
incoming wind speed.
Percepción de las dificultades de voz por parte de usuarios con enfermedad de Parkinson
Authors: Jara Cabrera Gerson , Farías Patricia 
Published: January 2023

El propósito del presente trabajo es explorar e identificar percepciones sobre las dificultades de voz y habla en pacientes con enfermedad de parkinson. Para ello se realizó un estudio cualitativo de enfoque fenomenológico. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 15 participantes y la información se obtuvo a través de una entrevista semiestructurada, las cuales fueron grabadas mediante una grabadora de voz digital y luego transcritas para el análisis temático. El estudio cuenta con el consentimiento de cada uno de los entrevistados y la aprobación del comité de ética. Del análisis de los datos surgieron 4 categorías: conocimiento sobre la afectación de la voz y el habla en la enfermedad, progresión de la sintomatología vocal, afectación de la calidad de vida y afrontamiento de las dificultades de voz. Todos los participantes consideran que la voz y habla se ven afectadas producto de la enfermedad. . Debido a estas dificultades la gran mayoría se han vuelto poco a poco más introvertidos, impactando esto en diferentes ambitos de su vida. En conclusión, las personas con enfermedad de Parkinson experimentan afectación de la voz y habla en grados variables, afectando su vida laboral, social y familiar, lo que va generando retraimiento y frustración. El afrontamiento positivo y poder compartir con otros pacientes con EP es una herramienta potente para poder sobrellevar la enfermedad.
Intraorgan architectonics of hepatic veins in piglets
Authors: Bylinskaya D. S. , Shchipakin M. V. , Vasilyev D. V. 
Published: January 2023

The liver of animals and humans is characterized by polyfunctionality. All the variety of liver functions and the intensity of their course is determined by the peculiarities of its hemodynamics. According to the morphological anatomy of the pig liver, I distinguish six lobes: the right lateral and medial, the left lateral and medial, square and caudate. The functional anatomy of the liver is based on the division of the liver into segments. In this case, the division is based on the fact that each segment has its own double blood supply, bile and lymph outflow routes. The aim of the study is to study the architectonics of the hepatic veins of newborn piglets, to give a morphometric characteristic of the branches of the intraorgan venous bed, as well as the segmental structure of the liver of piglets. The corpses of newborn piglets of the Landrace breed served as the material for the study. Vasorentgenography, fine anatomical dissection, and morphometry were chosen as research methods. The study included 15 piglets of the newborn period. During the study, it was found that four hepatic veins (right accessory, right, left and middle) flow into the caudal genital vein. Hepatic veins have complex intra-organ architectonics and take branches of the first and second order along their course. The maximum diameter is the left hepatic vein, which carries out the outflow of blood from the left lateral and medial lobes of the liver. The right hepatic vein drains blood from the right lateral and medial lobes, the middle hepatic vein drains from the square lobe, gallbladder and part of the left medial lobe. The smallest diameter is characteristic of the right accessory hepatic vein, which drains the caudate lobe.Having studied the intra–organ architectonics of the branches of the hepatic veins, it can be concluded that the liver of piglets has eight segments - one segment each in the caudate, left medial, right medial and square lobes, two segments each in the left and right lateral lobes.
Results of bacteriological tests of rainbow trout (<I>Onchorinchus mykiss</I>) bioassaywhen using the grug «SmartBiotic»
Authors: Karpenko L. Yu. , Bakhta A. A. , Ivanova K. P. , Polistovskaya P. A. , Orlova D. A. , Kalyuzhnaya T. V. 
Published: January 2023

Fish and fish products are perishable products. Therefore, if the conditions of cultivation, preparation, storage and transportation are not observed, the risk of contamination of fish with microorganisms increases. In case of doubt about the degree of freshness of fish according to organoleptic indicators, laboratory tests are carried out, one of which is bacterioscopy of smears-prints of bioassays, used in cases of suspected contamination of fish with microorganisms. The evaluation of the results of the bacteriological study is carried out by the intensity of coloring and the number of cocci, sticks in the prepared smears-prints.Bacteriological tests of smears-prints of fish muscle tissue was carried out on the basis of the laboratory of the Department of Veterinary and Sanitary Examination of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution "SPbGUVM" according to generally accepted methods in accordance with the "On the safety of fish and fish products". The essence of bacteriological research lies in the fact that two smears are made on the slides, the preparations are dried in the air, fixed with a triple holding over the flame of an alcohol lamp and stained by Gramm. They view several fields of vision and calculate the arithmetic mean number of microbes in one field of view.