bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abuse of the Social System in the Czech Republic
Authors: Bína Dana , Moravec Lukáš , Kukalová Gabriela , Mrázová Eliška , Cvik Daniela 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The aim of the paper was to identify areas of possible abuse of social security support in the Czech Republic, with a specific focus on the Ústí nad Labem Region and the Litoměřice district, and to estimate the volume of social security support drawn in conflict with the legal regulations of the Czech Republic. In the Ústí nad Labem Region, spending on social security increased by 34.9% in the years 2016–2020. Upon a detailed focus on the Litoměřice district in the monitored period of 2018–2020, there were 69 fraud cases in the Litoměřice district within the scope of the social security system and illness benefit. Over 60% of this fraud and loss was deferred. The biggest shortcoming of the Czech Republic’s social system is the fact that individual institutions have little or no chance of finding out whether applicants are entering truthful information in the forms. A change of legal regulations and mandatory checks on applicants is the path towards reducing the amount of fraud and loss in social security and illness benefit.
Facile Green Synthesis of Cinnamomum tamala Extract Capped Silver Nanoparticles and its Biological Applications
Authors: Narath Sajina , Shankar S. Sharath , Sivan Saranya Kothaplamoottil , George Bini , Thomas T. Dennis , Sabarinath Sankarannair , Jayaprakash Sajithkumar K. , Wacławek Stanisław , Padil Vinod V.T. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The plant mediated biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles is of magnificent concern due to its eco-benign and single pot nature. Here, Cinnamomum tamala (C. tamala) aqueous leaf extract was utilised for the silver nanoparticles’ (Ag NPs) synthesis. The phytoconstituents in the leaf extract were analysed by standard methods. These metabolites, especially carbohydrate polymers reduce Ag ions to Ag NPs accompanied by a reddish-brown coloration of the reaction mixture. The visual observation of intense brown colour is the first indication of the formation of Ag NPs. Various spectro-analytical techniques further characterise the Ag NPs. The green synthesised spherical Ag NPs were crystalline with an average size of 38 nm. The Ag NPs were scrutinised for antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity and obtained good results. The free radical scavenging was studied by 2, 2-Diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The antibacterial activity of Ag NPs was assessed against human pathogens, and it shown to have good antibacterial potency against a wide spectrum of bacteria. The cytotoxic activity against HEK-293T (human embryonic kidney) cell line was evaluated by 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) assay. These potent biological activities enable C. tamala capped Ag NPs to be suitable candidates for the future applications in various fields, predominantly clinical and biomedical.
The impact of regulatory quality on deepens level of financial integration: Evidence from the European Union countries (NMS-10)
Authors: Ahmić Azra , Isović Ilma 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This study seeks to empirically explore whether the regulatory quality in the NMS-10 impacts deepening international financial integration and whether the strengthening of regulatory quality for NMS-10 has a causal effect on the level of international financial integration (IFI) in NMS-10. The study covers NMS-10 between 1995 and 2020. The estimation of parameters was made with descriptive statistics, the Breusch-Pagan test, the Pesaran test, the Granger causality test, and OLS regression to analyze the impact of REQ on IFI. The findings of the study reveal that regulatory quality has a statistically significant effect in deepening the process of financial integration for both periods, in the pre-accession and post-accession EU process. In addition, the results demonstrate that the regulatory quality of NMS-10 provides sound laws and policies that support the business environment, encourage cross-bordering financial transactions. Moreover, the results of the Granger causality test show that the level of global financial integration is causally impacted by the improvement in NMS-10 regulatory quality. This indicates that regulatory effectiveness might predicts international financial integration.
On Perceiving Abs nces
Authors: Varzi Achille C. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Can we really perceive absences, i.e., missing things? Sartre tells us that when he arrived late for his appointment at the café, he saw the absence of his friend Pierre. Is that really what he saw? Where was it, exactly? Why didn’t Sartre see the absence of other people who were not there? Why did other people who were there not see the absence of Pierre? The perception of absences gives rise to a host of conundrums and is constantly on the verge of conceptual confusion. Here I focus on the need to be clear about four sorts of distinctions: (i) the difference between perceiving an absence and perceiving something that is absent; (ii) the difference between perceiving an absence and an absence of perceiving; (iii) the difference between perceiving an absence and perceiving something as an absence; and (iv) the difference between perceiving an absence and perceiving that something is absent.
Wide open? Creative industries and open strategizing challenges
Authors: Radomska Joanna , Hajdas Monika , Wołczek Przemysław , Glinka Beata 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Although the open strategizing (OS) approach can bring a wide range of benefits, there are also numerous risks identified. These risks are core sources of organizational dilemmas and challenges that appear in the decision-making process in two dimensions of OS – inclusion and transparency, both of which we further explore.

Design/methodology/approach
Following the suggestions of some scholars, we have employed the specific context of research and investigated companies from creative industries in Poland. We applied purposeful sampling with maximum sample variation to collect relevant and rich data and identify shared patterns. We conducted in-depth interviews with the owners or CEOs of the chosen creative firms.

Findings
We have recognized some recurring fears and anxieties accompanying the OS concept in general and different categories of challenges in particular. This paper suggests that a specific mindset reflected in a particular organizational climate (open climate) might undermine a company’s efforts in considering and adopting such a strategy.

Originality
By offering an initial conceptualization of an open climate as a potential further research avenue, this study contributes to the OS stream of research.
Incidental Discovery of a Cardiac Thrombus Mimicking a Right Atrial Myxoma in a Young Female Patient – A Case Report
Authors: Oltean Monica Alexandra , Caloian Bogdan , Irimie Diana Andrada , Pop Dana 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Cardiac masses are at the attention of health specialists since the development of echocardiography. Even though imaging is an excellent tool for diagnosis, the clinical presentation, risk factors, and hemodynamic status of the patients are important in establishing the diagnosis and subsequent management. The purpose of this presentation is to assess the difficulty of diagnosis in the case of an intracardiac mass and its therapeutic management.

Case report
A 29-year-old female with paresthesia in the left arm and a systolic tricuspid murmur underwent echocardiography, which revealed a mass of 35/20 mm in the right atrium. Due to the high embolic risk, the patient was referred to the cardiac surgery department and underwent surgical removal of the cardiac mass, which presented the macroscopical aspect of a myxoma. However, the histopathological examination revealed a right atrial thrombus.

Conclusion
Right heart thrombi represent a challenging diagnosis that involves a multidisciplinary team for the diagnosis and treatment of the patient.
Internal Audit as a Tool to Reduce the Risk of Fraud and Abuse
Authors: Skoczylas-Tworek Agnieszka 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of the publication is to present auditing as a tool to reduce the risk of fraud and abuse. The article describes the role of auditing in minimizing fraud, its application in business entities and its effectiveness. It presents the role of both internal and external auditing in reducing fraud.

Methodology
Both the qualitative and quantitative methods were applied in the publication. The former was used for the purpose of presenting the application of auditing in business practice, and the latter to describe the effectiveness of its operation.

Findings
The results of the analysis showed that auditing is an effective tool for reducing fraud and abuse. Significant effectiveness in this regard is exhibited by internal audit services.

Value Added
The publication is part of a series of articles describing tools for reducing fraud and abuse. It shows the application of selected tools at the organizational level and their effectiveness. It also helps answer the question concerning the validity of the tools’ implementation and provides a premise for further research to develop a comprehensive model for combating fraud in business entities.

Recommendations
Research on the use of auditing as a tool for reducing fraud and abuse should be conducted with a breakdown of entities by industry. This will allow verification of which industry is characterized by the greatest use of auditing in this regard. It will also make it possible to assess the effectiveness of the measures taken to minimize the risk of fraud by industry entities.
The first results of obtaining a hybrid hydrogel based on fibrin and polyvinyl alcohol: comparison with monocomponent hydrogels
Authors: Senokosova E. A. , Rezvova M. A. , Sevostyanova V. V. , Matveeva V. G. 
Published: April 2023

Fibrin displays promising characteristics for tissue engineering. However, it has suboptimal physical and mechanical properties when used as a material for cardiovascular applications. Obtaining an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogel based on fibrin and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) can improve the physical and mechanical characteristics and shrink behavior of fibrin.Aim: To perform sequential polymerization of fibrin and PVA to obtain IPN hydrogel and analyze its properties in comparison with monocomponent hydrogels.Material and Methods. Fibrinogen was isolated from the peripheral blood of patients using ethanol precipitation, then polyvinyl alcohol dissolved in saline was added to it. First, fibrin polymerization was initiated by adding calcium chloride to the solution. Then, it was followed by polyvinyl alcohol undergoing freeze–thaw cycles. Thus, a hydrogel based on fibrin and PVA, samples from pure fibrin and pure polyvinyl alcohol were prepared. We studied the structure of hydrogels, their physical and mechanical properties, shrink behavior and biological activity. Statistical data processing was carried out using the GraphPad Prism 6 software.Results. 3D structure of the hydrogel is presented by polyvinyl alcohol polygonal cavities with a network of thin fibrin fibers. The distribution of components was equal in the inside of the samples, while polyvinyl alcohol prevails on the surface. Elongation (247 (220.0; 293.2)%; p = 0.0005) and Young’s modulus (0.09 (0.11; 0.13) mPa; p = 0.0001) of the hydrogel were statistically significantly higher compared to fibrin values. The hydrogel did not shrink, unlike fibrin that shrunk (11-fold decrease in volume). The number of adherent endothelial cells on the hydrogel matrices was 8 times higher than on polyvinyl alcohol, but 10 times lower than on fibrin. There was no proliferative activity of cells on polyvinyl alcohol, but 13.6% of proliferating cells were noted on the IPN hydrogel, and 59.52% on fibrinConclusion. Using sequential polymerization to obtain the IPN hydrogel based on fibrin and polyvinyl alcohol provides an equal distribution of fibers in the thickness of the material, making it possible to obtain hydrogels with improved mechanical properties and shrink behavior. However, the components on the surface of the IPN hydrogel need to be redistributed - more polyvinyl alcohol should be added still maintaining a relatively low adhesiveness of the material. Therefore further research is necessary to create the most optimal conditions for cell activity.
Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of a pyrimidine compound 2-methyl-3-(2-phenyl-2-oxoethyl) quinazolin-4(3H)-on against <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> under <i>in vivo</i> conditions
Authors: Tsybizova A. A. , Yasenyavskaya A. L. , Tyurenkov I. N. , Ozerov A. A. , Samotrueva M. A. 
Published: April 2023

The greatest danger is the development of multiple antimicrobial resistance in microorganisms, including Klebsiella pneumoniae, which actualizes the necessity of development and synthesis of new antimicrobial compounds. Considering the versatile pharmacological activity, pyrimidine compounds became a subject of interest for scientists in the aspect of their use as a basis for new antimicrobial agents.Aim: To assess the antimicrobial activity of the pyrimidine compound 2-Methyl-3-(2-phenyl-2-oxoethyl)quinazoline-4(3H)-on against Kl. pneumoniae under in vivo conditions.Material and Methods. The antimicrobial activity in vivo of the compound 2-Methyl-3-(2-phenyl-2-oxoethyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-on against Kl. pneumoniae was performed simulating generalized infection by intraperitoneal injection of the pathogen at a dose of 3 × 106. The experiment was conducted on CBA line mice (40 animals) divided into groups: control I – animals received intraperitoneal injection water; control II – infected animals received no treatment; experimental groups – mice with generalized infection treated with ceftriaxone at the dose 50 mg/kg intraperitoneally for 7 days, and the animals receiving the test compound at the dose 27 mg/kg against infection in the same mode. Antimicrobial activity was assessed by the following parameters: animal survival rate; internal organ and blood infestation index; total leukocyte count, C-reactive protein and procalcitonin.Results. It was found that pyrimidine derivative 2-Methyl-3-(2-phenyl-2-oxoethyl)quinazoline-4(3H)-on has a marked antimicrobial activity against Kl. pneumonia appeared in increase of animal survival in the conditions of generalized Klebsiella infection as well as in decrease of total leukocyte count, C-reactive protein and procalcitonin levels that confirms the reduction of the inflammatory reaction.Conclusion. Thus, the pyrimidine derivative 2-Methyl-3-(2-phenyl-2-oxoethyl)quinazoline-4(3H)-on exhibits antimicrobial activity, comparable with ceftriaxone, against Klebsiella pneumoniae in experimental generalized Klebsiella infection.
Satisfaction with the quality of outpatient care of medical students as an element of the assessment of the current system of medical care
Authors: Chukreyev M. P. , Kalinkin D. E. 
Published: April 2023

Introduction. This article discusses the problems of the quality of outpatient care for medical students. Most of the students prefer not to seek medical help from specialists even in difficult situations, and in most cases they self-medicate. This is caused by an insufficient degree of quality service by the outpatient polyclinic service of the attached contingent. The existing state system of medical care is imperfect: there is no unified approach to the organization of student polyclinics; medical organizations do not take into account the age and social specifics of students; low continuity in the rehabilitation and treatment of patients; there is insufficient preventive work among students.Aim: To determine the level of satisfaction with the quality of medical services provided to medical students.Material and Methods. The sociological method included a survey of medical students (1026 respondents) according to a specially designed questionnaire that contained questions about the scope, nature, quality of work and satisfaction with the conditions of the polyclinic institution. The logistic method consisted in the analysis of personnel, resource provision, as well as the activities of the medical institution.Results. Most of the medical students encounter organizational obstacles (appointment, waiting lists at the registry, waiting lists at the day hospital, waiting lists at the reception, etc.). 38.0% of respondents noted that when health problems appear, it is easier for them to go to the medical office of the college than to the district doctor. Moreover, 64.3% of respondents do not have information about the district doctor. Satisfaction depends on a number of factors such as: waiting time for a doctor’s appointment at the office (p < 0.001), availability when making an appointment with a doctor at a polyclinic (p < 0.001), preference when contacting a doctor when health problems appear (p < 0.001), the presence of organizational difficulties to get an appointment or treatment in a polyclinic (p < 0.001), the location of the registry and specialist offices, the terminal for making an appointment (p < 0.001), as well as the conditions of stay in a medical facility (p < 0.001).Conclusion. The necessity of introducing feedback into the practice of working with a contingent of medical students, using available screening technologies to actively identify the most significant factors and risk groups of the most common pathology, taking measures to reduce the impact of controlled factors, as well as annual preventive examinations and medical examinations has been identified.
Correlation of epicardial adipocytes hypertrophy with adipokines, inflammation and glucose and lipid metabolism
Authors: Koshelskaya O. A. , Naryzhnaya N. N. , Kologrivova I. V. , Suslova T. E. , Kravchenko E. S. , Charitonova O. A. , Andreev S. L. , Margolis N. Yu. , Sharipova N. G. , Krapivina A. S. 
Published: April 2023

The changes of epicardial adipose tissue’s (EAT) morphofunctional characteristics represent an important factor of cardiometabolic impairments development. However, factor data determining the severity of EAT adipocytes’ hypertrophy in patients with coronary atherosclerosis are absent in literature.Aim: To compare the size of the EAT adipocyte and the percentage of hypertrophied adipocytes with the parameters of glucose/insulin metabolism, blood lipid transport function, adipokines’ profile and serum levels of high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in patients with chronic coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG); to establish statistically significant determinants of a pronou ced degree of EAT adipocytes’ hypertrophy.Material and Methods. The study included 42 patients (m/f 28/14) aged 53–72 y.o. with CAD, who underwent CABG. The material for the study was EAT adipocytes obtained by the enzymatic method from intraoperative explants. The basal blood levels of glycemia, insulinemia, C-peptide, blood lipid transport function, adipokines and hsCRP were determined. The median indicators of the size of EAT adipocytes and the proportion of EAT adipocytes over 100 μm were 87.32 μm and 14.64%, respectively. The total sample of patients was divided into two groups: gr. 1 with an average size of EAT adipocytes less than or equal to 87.32 μm and gr. 2 with an average size of EAT adipocytes more than 87.32 μm. Gr. 2 had higher body mass index, waist and hip circumferences, triglycerides, hsCRP, and lower adiponectin levels, while the median proportion of hypertrophied adipocytes was three times higher than in group 1. A model of multiple logistic regression was constructed, according to which statistically significant determinants of the pronounced EAT adipocytes’ hypertrophy are represented by the decreased level of adiponectin, and increased concentrations of hsCRP and C-peptide, which reflects the biosynthesis and secretion of insulin. The predictive accuracy of the model was 82%, sensitivity 85%, specificity 79%, AUC = 0.89.Conclusion. Our results indicate a close correlation between the development of EAT adipocytes hypertrophy, impaired production of adiponectin, insulin, and inflammation processes. Concentrations of adiponectin, hsCRP, and basal C-peptide in the blood are biomarkers that accurately determine the presence of EAT adipocyte hypertrophy.
Changes in oscillatory and nonlinear dynamic processes of microcirculation in patients with obliterating atherosclerosis of lower limb arteries after revascularization
Authors: Vasiliev A. P. , Streltsova N. N. 
Published: April 2023

Aim: To study the nature of changes in oscillatory and nonlinear dynamic processes in the skin microcirculatory system by laser Doppler flowmetry in patients with obliterating atherosclerosis of the lower limbs arteries (OALLA) after limb revascularization.Material and Methods. 27 male patients with OALLA before and after endovascular revascularization of the affected limb (median age 63.0 [60.0; 69.0] years) were studied. Microcirculation (MC) of the foot skin with assessment of nonlinear dynamic processes and spectral wavelet analysis of blood flow fluctuations was studied by laser Doppler flowmetry. The normalized amplitude indices of blood flow fluctuations were determined in frequency ranges reflecting: endothelial, neurogenic, myogenic, respiratory, pulse factors of hemocirculation. Bypass parameters and nutritive blood flow were assessed. An occlusion test was performed to determine capillary blood flow reserve. The study of nonlinear dynamic processes included assessment of fractal dimension, entropy determination and phase portrait analysis.Results. Limb revascularization in patients with OALLA resulted in improvement of the clinical picture accompanied by statistically significant increase in nutritive blood flow (+9.7%) and reserved dilatation potential of microvessels (+43.2%), decrease in arteriolo-venular blood shunting (–5.0%) and venous plethora (–14.3%). The analysis of nonlinear dynamic processes of the MC showed that after angioplasty, along with the remaining deficit of oscillatory processes energy, there was a decrease in the fractal dimension index (–14.3%), indicating the limitation of lability of the functional system of the microvascular bed. At the same time, an increase in the chaotization of the regulatory mechanisms of the peripheral blood flow was established.Conclusions. The results showed positive functional changes of the MC system associated with the improved clinical picture in patients with OALLA after limb revascularization. At the same time, changes in the nonlinear dynamics parameters indicate a compensatory increase in the chaotization of the system together with the remaining limitation of its functional lability and the energy deficit of oscillatory processes.