bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electro-Fenton process at semi-pilot scale. A study to scale up the reactor for industrial applications.
Authors: Chmayssem Ayman , AlChoubassi Ghaya , Taha Samir , Hauchard Didier 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this study, we report the development of the electro-Fenton (EF) process at a semi-pilot scale plant using an open undivided electrochemical reactor design. To do so, a series of three-dimensional (3D) cathodes constituted of packed and fixed bed of glassy carbon pellets and dimensionally stable anodes (DSA) are employed. To highlight the treatment efficiency of the EF process, bisphenol A (BPA), that is known to be a persistent molecule, is used as model molecule. First, the applied current intensity was studied and optimized in order to determine the limiting current of O2 reduction under hydrodynamics conditions of 0.6 m3.h-1. Then, the effect of cathode’s number on the removal efficiency of BPA versus time of electro-Fenton treatment was investigated. Many parameters were carried out using the EF reactor i.e., the effect of the initial pollutant concentration as well as the effect of the treatment flow rate. The obtained results demonstrate that the degradation efficiency of BPA increases with the cathode’s number increases and the pollution charge the decreases. Only few seconds of treatment by EF process were needed to eliminate BPA for the dilute solutions (≤ 10 mg.L-1). The biodegradability of the treated solution and its mineralization were also investigated by refereeing to the measurements of COD, TOC and BOD5. Finally, the scale-up strategy of the reactor design to an industrial pilot plant is discussed.
Downward migrating microplastics in lake sediments is a tricky indicator for the onset of the Anthropocene
Authors: Dimante-Deimantovica Inta , Saarni Saija , Barone Marta , Buhhalko Natalja , Stivrins Normunds , Suhareva Natalija , Tylmann Wojciech , Vianello Alvise , Vollertsen Jes 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Plastics are a particulate novel material in Earth’s history. Due to its persistence and wide-range presence, it has a great potential of being a global age marker and correlation tool between sedimentary profiles. Hence, microplastics are currently considered among the array of proxies to delimit the Anthropocene Epoch (starting from the year 1950 and above). Here we present a study of microplastics deposition history inferred from sediment profiles of three lakes in north-eastern Europe. The sediments were dated with independent proxies from nowadays back to the first half of the 18th century. Surprisingly, regardless of the sediment layer age, we found microplastic particles throughout the cores in all sites. The factor driving microplastic particles to penetrate deeper in sediment layers appears to be particles' dimensional (aspect) ratio: less elongated particles tend to be transported deeper while more elongated particles and fibres have a decreased ability to be mobile. We conclude that interpretation of microplastics distribution in sediment profiles is ambiguous and does not strictly indicate the beginning of the Anthropocene Epoch.
The Relationship between Dietary Fat Intake and Depression: A Cross-sectional Study from NHANES 2007–2018
Authors: Yang Ruifeng , Dong Yumei , Xie Yuan , Jing Qi , Song Xia , Liu Yan , Dang Xiangji 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background

Depression is a serious public mental health problem, and the mechanism of depression is not unequivocal. Previous studies show a detrimental relationship between trans fatty acid intake and depression risk. Furthermore, it is still unclear how diet-related fat intake and depression are related. Consequently, this study aimed to create a formula and scale to forecast the association between diet-related fat intake and depression.

Methods

A total of 5,746 samples from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were included in the study. Fat intake was assessed by 24h dietary recalls and summed for two days to prevent data bias. Depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ9). Multivariate logistic regression and the generalized additive model (GAM) were used to analyze the relationship between dietary fat intake and depression.

Results

It was negatively correlated with a segmented regression model, and the threshold was 155.45 [β= -0.0077 (-0.0115, -0.0039), p < 0.0001]. After re-selecting the data (fat intake < 155.45 g/2 days) according to the inflection point (n = 3,391), the formula was y = y0 + Ae^(2x/t) (R-Square was 0.72967). The y is the PHQ9, and x is the dietary fat intake (g/day). The difference between the scale value and the actual PHQ9 score was not statistically significant in this investigation, which used a scale based on the Polychoric correlation (p=0.22499).

Conclusions

This study illustrates a negative association between fat intake and depression. Moreover, this negative association was explored in terms of quantitative relationships. The fitted formulas and scales were reasonable consistency, and both can be used for the dietary evaluation of depressed patients. By adjusting the diet, we can provide nutritional advice to depressed patients and reduce the risk of medication and the psychological stress of patients. Although Proper fat intake can reduce the severity of depression, we need to be alert to other problems caused by excessive fat intake, such as hypertension, diabetes, or atherosclerosis.
Genetic control factors of dense sandstone in the middle and deep layers of fault basin- Take the sub-member of Es1L in Suning area of Raoyang sag in Bohai Bay basin as an example
Authors: PU Qiongyao , WANG Ping , WANG Hongmei , XIE Jun , GUO Fajun , GUAN Huajiao , LI Ping , CUI Jie 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This study takes the tight sandstone of the Es1L Submember in the Suning area, Raoyang Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, furthermore, it determines the rock type of the mid-deep tight sandstone through lithologic profiling, core observation and log data analysis. The genetic control factors of tight sandstone in the study area are analysed using conventional thin section, casting thin section and scanning electron microscope, and the characteristics and genetic control factors of tight sandstone reservoirs are summarised. The research results show that the tight sandstone rocks in this area are primarily feldspathic and lithic sandstone, with high quartz contents. The reservoir space is dominated by primary and secondary pores, which are characteristics of low-porosity and low-permeability reservoirs. Compaction is the primary reason for the poor physical properties of reservoir space, and the influence of cementation on reservoir physical properties differs in different periods. Sedimentary facies, reservoir physical properties and diagenesis control the development and distribution of tight sandstone reservoirs in this area. The results provide an important basis for guiding the exploration and development of tight sandstone oil and gas in the submember of Es1L in the Suning area.
Longitudinal changes in bone mineral density are associated with long-term survival in patients with cirrhosis: A proof of concept study
Authors: Agarwal Samagra , Sharma Sanchit , Grover Indu , Singh Namrata , Ahmed Syed , Saraya Anoop 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
The impact of longitudinal changes in different body components measured via body composition analysis(BCA) on liver related outcomes in patients with cirrhosis is poorly understood. We evaluated the prognostic relevance these changes in body composition over 1 year in patients with cirrhosis with regard to their long-term outcomes.
Methods
This was a follow-up study of a randomised controlled trial evaluating changes in bone density measured via dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA) upon vitamin-D supplementation. Patients with available anthropometric indices, fat mass(FM), fat-free mass(FFM), bone-density at lumbar spine(LD) and left femur-neck(FD)(assessed by T-score) at two time points 1 year apart were assessed for outcomes. The prognostic relevance of change in parameters like ΔFM, ΔFFM, ΔLD and ΔFD over 1 year was assessed and compared with baseline model for end stage liver disease(MELD) score.
Results
Patients with cirrhosis(n = 112) (mean age-41.8 ± 12 years, 58.5% males) were followed up for median duration of 5.7 years(IQR:3.5–5.7), with 5-year survival rate of 77%. On serial BCA, ΔLD(p = 0.029) and ΔFD(p = 0.003) emerged as significant predictors of survival whereas ΔFM(p = 0.479), ΔFFM(p = 0.245) and ΔBMI (p = 0.949) were not. The area under curve of ΔLD and MELD score for predicting survival was 0.636(0.5-0.773) and 0.664(0.555–0.773), respectively. ΔFD < 0.1 over 1 year had sensitivity and specificity of 70.4% and 56.5% to predict poor survival. Combination of ΔFD, MELD and ascites predicted 5-yr survival with an optimism-corrected c-statistic of 0.785.
Conclusion
Among body composition parameters, changes in bone mineral density correlate best with long-term survival with prognostic relevance similar to that of ascites and MELD score.
The Impact of Sex and Biological Maturation on Physical Fitness in Youth Badminton Players
Authors: Fernandez-Fernandez Jaime , Alvarez-Dacal Francisco , Hernández-Davó Jose Luis , Granacher Urs 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background.The main objective of this study was to examine the impact of maturity-status and sex on physical fitness in young badminton players.Methods.Eighty-one badminton players were enrolled in this study (39 boys, 42 girls; age: 12.7±1.4 years, body height: 153.5±10.5 cm, body mass: 48.3±13.2 kg) participated in the study and were divided into Pre-PHV (n=31), Circa-PHV (n=29) and Post-PHV (n=21) groups. Fitness tests included speed (5, 10-m), modified 5-0-5 CoD test (CoD deficit (CODD%)), an on-court CoD test, and countermovement jump (CMJ) test.Results.Pre-PHV players presented lower levels of performance (p<0.001; ES: 1.81-1.21) than Post-PHV in CMJ, linear sprints (5, 10-m) and both CoD tests. In addition, compared to Circa-PHV, Pre-PHV players demonstrated moderately lower performances in 10-m sprint and CoD tests (p<0.05; ES: 0.65-1.00). Regarding the CODD%, no between-group differences were found. Irrespective of the maturity status, boys outperformed girls in CMJ (p=0.01; ES: 0.71), linear sprint speed (p<0.05, ES:0.52-0.77), and the modified 505 test (p=0.01; ES: 0.71). Findings showed significant sex-by-maturity interactions only for the Pre-PHV group, with higher training volumes in boys than girls. In addition, sex-related performance differences were large for most measures, except for CODD%.Conclusions.Our results imply that maturity status (i.e., PHV) and not chronological age should be used to design training programs. Finally, female youth badminton players should receive specifically targeted exercise interventions based on their fitness status and needs.
Possible involvement of silent mutations in cancer pathogenesis and evolution
Authors: Kikutake Chie , Suyama Mikita 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background Recent studies have shown that some silent mutations can be harmful to various processes. In this study, we performed a comprehensivein silicoanalysis to elucidate the effects of silent mutations on cancer pathogenesis using exome sequencing data derived from the Cancer Genome Atlas. We focused on the codon optimality scores of silent mutations, which were defined as the difference between the optimality of synonymous codons, calculated using the codon usage table. Results The relationship between cancer evolution and silent mutations showed that the codon optimality score of the mutations that occurred later in carcinogenesis was significantly higher than of those that occurred earlier. In addition, mutations with higher scores were enriched in genes involved in the cell cycle and cell division, while those with lower scores were enriched in genes involved in apoptosis and cellular senescence. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that some silent mutations can be involved in cancer pathogenesis.
Clinical Efficacy of Anti-programmed Death Ligand 1 Immunotherapy Combined with Chemoradiotherapy in the Treatment of Limited-stage Small Cell Lung Cancer and Its Effect on Serum Tumor Markers and T Lymphocyte Subsets
Authors: Lu Zhaoxue , Li Shuai , Li Ying , Zhang Xuguang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objective.
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of chemoradiotherapy combined with anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunotherapy in patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC) Methods. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 42 patients treated at Xuzhou Cancer Hospital and Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from June 2020 to February 2022. Patients receiving CRT were included in the control group(n = 22), whereas patients receiving PD-L1 combined with CRT were enrolled in the study group(n = 20). The Progression free survival (PFS), adverse reactions (AEs), and short-time clinical effectiveness of the two groups were observed.
Results
. Compared with the control group, the disease-control rate (DCR) and objective response rate (ORR) in the study group were substantially higher than that of control group (95.00% vs 90.9%,90.00% vs 72.73%; p > 0.05). The serum of levels of Pro GRP, NSE and CYFRA21-1 in the two groups considerably lower after treatment (p < 0.05), and the serum levels of Pro GRP and NSE in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group (p < 0.05). whereas CEA and CYFRA21-1 were not significantly changed (p > 0.05). Following therapy, CD3+, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in both groups increased dramatically (p < 0.05), whereas CD8+ were not significantly changed, there was no statistical difference between the two groups (p > 0.05). The incidence of gastrointestinal, respiratory, blood and immune-related adverse events did not significantly differ between the two groups (p > 0.05). The median follow-up time was 14.2 months (study group) and 15.3 months (control group). Anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy significantly improved PFS (p < 0.05). The median PFS in the control group for the first-line treatment patients was 8.7months [95% CI,7.5–10.5 months], whereas for the study group median PFS was not reached. The mean PFS of study group substantially longer than of the control group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
. our data support that anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy plus chemoradiotherapy has a good and safe and curative effect on LS-SCLC patients and it can be worth of clinical application.
Deferiprone Promoted Remyelination and Functional Recovery through Enhancement of Oligodendrogenesis in Experimental Demyelination Animal Model
Authors: Rayatpour Atefeh , Foolad Forough , Javan Mohammad 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Remyelination refers to myelin regeneration, which reestablishes metabolic supports to axons. However, remyelination often fails in multiple sclerosis (MS), leading to chronic demyelination and axonal degeneration. Therefore, pharmacological approaches toward enhanced remyelination are highly demanded. Recently, deferiprone (DFP) was reported to exert neuroprotective effects, besides its iron-chelating ability. Since DFP exerts protective effects through various mechanisms, which share several factors with myelin formation process, we aimed to investigate the effects of DFP treatment on remyelination. Focal demyelination was induced by injection of lysolecithin, into the optic nerve of male C57BL/6J mice. The animals were treated with DFP/vehicle, starting from day 7 and continued during the myelin repair period. Histopathological, electrophysiological and behavioral studies were used to evaluate the outcomes. Results showed that DFP treatment enhanced remyelination, decreased g-ratio and increased myelin thickness. At the mechanistic level, DFP enhanced oligodendrogenesis and ameliorated gliosis during the remyelination period. Furthermore, our results indicated that enhanced remyelination led to functional recovery as evaluated by the electrophysiological and behavioral tests. Even though the exact molecular mechanisms by which DFP enhanced myelin repair remain to be elucidated, these results raise the possibility of using deferiprone as a therapeutic agent for remyelination therapy in MS.
Blue light exposure promotes reactive oxygen stress, apoptosis and suppresses viability, migration and wound healing of cornea via inhibiting PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in corneal epithelial cells.
Authors: Chen Kuangqi , Yang Qianjie , Li Jiafeng , Xia Yutong , Jin Le , Yu Xin , Zhang Liyue , Wen Yingying , Li Xiang , Xie Chen , Shan Suyan , Wang Xiawei , Tong jianping , Shen Ye 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Blue light (400 nm -480 nm), is a main source of eye damage emitted by light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Excessive blue light exposure has been shown to cause damage in cornea. This study aimed to investigate the effects of blue light exposure on phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway and metabolic abnormalities and tissue damage via PI3K/AKT signaling in human corneal epithelial cells (hCECs) and mice corneal tissues.
Method
The effects on blue light damage in hCECs were investigated by using qRT-PCR, WB, cell scratch assay, and cell reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay. The effects on blue light damage in vivo were investigated by using corneal fluorescein sodium staining.
Result
We revealed that blue light exposure caused the promotion of cell apoptosis, the increase of ROS and suppression of cell migration, proliferation and viability through the inhibition of PI3K/AKT/protein 70 kDa S6 Kinase (p70S6K) signaling pathway in hCECs in vitro. Furthermore, blue light exposure also induced the corneal epithelial defects and delayed corneal epithelial wound healing in mice cornea in vivo.
Conclusion
Collectively, this study suggests that PI3K/AKT signaling pathway may be an important target for the treatment of corneal epithelial damage caused by blue light exposure.
Performance Analysis and Direction of Arrival(DOA) Estimation of various Beamforming schemes for Quality Signal Reception in 5G Wireless Communication Systems
Authors: Amin Zareena , Kumar Naresh , Dubey Subhash 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Fifth Generation (5G) wireless communication is an ecosystem of technological advancements involving a multitude of domains. These domains include Augmented Reality (AR), Internet of Things (IoT), Device-to-Device (D2D) Communication, Machine-to-Machine (M2M) Communication, Health IoT (H-IoT), Financial Technology (FinTech) etc. A multi-gigabit network architecture capable of offering data rates of the order of Gigabits per second (Gbps) is expected due to the enormous increase in the number of connected devices. 5G wireless communication systems are enough to accommodate the unavoidable explosion in user data traffic and area-wise connection densities. New and advanced signal processing techniques are used at both the transmitter and receiver sides to meet the growing data needs of the end-users without any outage. These techniques include precoding, zero forcing, Diversity, Beamforming, Relaying, Filtering, Combining, etc. In this paper, we studied and verified different beamforming techniques like Minimum Variance Distortionless Response (MVDR) Beamformer, Beamscan or Beam steering technique Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm, and Linearly Constrained Minimum Variance (LCMV) Beamformer. The diversity order of the antenna elements has also been taken care of and the Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation of the incoming signals at the receiver’s end is carried out. Also, simulations are carried out to determine DOA estimation in presence of positional errors and multiple closely placed signal sources for the above-mentioned algorithms. While carrying out the simulation, we considered the two spatial geometries of the phased antenna array system viz-a-viz Uniform Linear Array (ULA) and Uniform Rectangular Array (URA). We also calculated the Bit Error Rate (BER) of the modulation schemes employed and visualized the effect of beamforming on BER at the receiver’s end.
The Annual Quality Assurance of Linear Accelerator using a Stealth Chamber: A Comparison between a Transmission-type and Farmer-type Chamber
Authors: Choi Donghyeok , Kim Jin Sung , Lee Rena , Ahn Sohyun , Ahn Woo Sang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The purpose of our study is to establish an efficient quality assurance (QA) procedure using a Stealth Chamber—a reference signal detector—as a field chamber. Among the annual QA items, relative dosimetry items such as monitor unit linearity, output constancy according to dose rate, and output constancy according to gantry angle, and the output factor according to the field size were measured and compared with the results of the Farmer-type chamber for True Beam and Halcyon. In addition, output measurement was performed for each field size to evaluate the applicability to small fields. The results obtained using the Stealth Chamber for all items, except for the output constancy according to the gantry angle, were in good agreement with that obtained using the Farmer-type chamber within 1.0%. In the measurement of output constancy items according to gantry angle, the stealth chamber had an error of up to 1.1%, while the Farmer-type chamber had an error of up to 2.7%. The Stealth Chamber had a difference of up to 6% output factor, and in the case of CC13 Ionization Chamber, there was a difference of up to 13% output factor in a small field of 1 x 1 cm2. Our study confirmed the possibility of performing relative dosimetry measurement items among QA items using stealth chambers, especially useful for small field dosimetry of equipment without light fields such as halcyon.
Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: Risk Factors, Severity and Quality of Life Among Patients with Cancer
Authors: Omran Suha , Al-Shara Abdel Razzaq 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose A significant side effect of cancer treatment is chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity (CIPN). CIPN can have a serious negative impact on the patient’s quality of life (QOL). The purpose of this study was to assess the severity, risk factors, and QOL in cancer patients with CIPN.
Methods A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted at the Military Oncology Center/ Royal Medical Services. A total of 175 oncology patients who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Data on demographic and clinical characteristics, CIPN severity, risk factors, and QOL were collected through structured questionnaires.
Results The average age of the participants was 53.31 years (SD= 14.98), and 54% of them were females. Most had undergone numerous toxic chemotherapies as part of their treatment. Participants reported a moderate level of QOL. The following factors were identified as predictors of QOL by multivariable linear regression analyses: (F=8.635; R2 = 3.328; P <.00), including Fact/GOG-Ntx total score (β=.259; P< .00), sites of cancer metastasis (β=-.318; P .00), previous radiotherapy treatment (β= -.177; P<.02), and alcohol consumption (β=-.246; P< .00). Predictors of CIPN severity were: (F=8.635; R2 = .504; P <.00), Fact/GOG-Ntx total score (β=0.37; P< .00), sites of cancer metastasis (β=.265; P .00), current radiotherapy treatment (β= -.325; P<.00), and current chemotherapy (β=-.131; P< .03).
Conclusions Participants with a heavy burden of severe CIPN symptoms had worse overall health and quality of life. To enable the establishment of further preventative and therapeutic management measures, it is crucial to recognize risk factors.