bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Organism Allocations on Potency Estimates from Ceriodaphnia dubia Reproduction Tests
Authors: Zhang Jing , Bailer A. John 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In aquatic toxicology experiments, organisms are randomly assigned to an exposure group that receives a particular concentration level of a toxicant (including a control group with no exposure), and their survival, growth, or reproduction outcomes are recorded. Standard experiments use equal numbers of organisms in each exposure group. In the present study, we explored the potential benefits of modifying the current design of aquatic toxicology experiments when it is of interest to estimate the concentration associated with a specific level of decrease from control reproduction responses. A function of the parameter estimates from fitting a generalized linear regression model used to describe the relationship between individual responses and the toxicant concentration provides an estimate of the potency of the toxicant. After comparing different allocations of organisms to concentration groups, we observed that a reallocation of organisms among these concentration groups could provide more precise estimates of toxicity endpoints than the standard experimental design that uses equal number of organisms in each concentration group; this provides greater precision without the added cost of conducting the experiment. More specifically, assigning more observations to the control zero-concentration condition may result in more precise interval estimates of potency. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:1614–1623. © 2023 SETAC
A hybrid forecasting model based on deep learning feature extraction and statistical arbitrage methods for stock trading strategies
Authors: Zhang Weiqian , Li Songsong , Guo Zhichang , Yang Yizhe 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe time series data of financial markets are nonlinear, owing to rapid data accumulation. Thus, research on stock price prediction has always been a challenge. This study proposes a quantitative trading strategy that combines basic quantitative trading rules and deep learning methods to help investors realize arbitrage. We combine basic quantitative trading arbitrage with deep learning frameworks to fully extract market characteristics and develop trading strategies for investors. The hybrid forecasting model is a new signal‐trading system that uses a genetic algorithm to obtain optimal parameters for the technical indicator timing method of the moving average price. The deep learning structure of the CNN‐Bi‐LSTM, with the attention mechanism and modified loss function, optimizes the trading signal to achieve local optimization. Its core concept is to determine the trading signal through the local trend of price fluctuations and then correct the trading signal through the prediction results. A‐shares in the Chinese market trading data are used as the statistical arbitrage analysis process to output actual trading signals and verify the effectiveness of the system. The results demonstrate that an arbitrage strategy based only on moving average trading rules is ineffective. With the optimization of the deep learning CNN‐Bi‐LSTM framework, the arbitrage ability improves significantly. The optimized strategy can increase the final profit by 1.6042 to the greatest extent. The annualized revenue increased by 35.16%, and the winning rate increased by 15.22%. In addition, we consider the transaction costs during the simulated transaction process. An optimized trading strategy can effectively seize arbitrage opportunities; hence, its profitability and stability are significantly improved.
Upcycling flavanol‐rich Chardonnay and Pinot noir grape thinned clusters as potentially functional food ingredients in cocoa‐based products
Authors: Li Xueqi , Wang Selina C. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn California, over 3.4 million tons of wine grapes were crushed in 2020 while every year roughly 20% of the grape mass goes unused. Grape cluster thinning at veraison, a common agricultural practice to ensure color homogeneity in wine grapes, adds to the production costs and generates substantial on‐farm loss during grapevine cultivation in which the health‐promoting values of thinned clusters (unripe grapes) are usually overlooked. In particular, the health‐promoting properties of flavanol monomers, specifically (+)‐catechin and (−)‐epicatechin, and their oligomeric procyanidins, have been extensively studied in cocoa and chocolate but not so much in grape thinned clusters in recent epidemiology studies. As part of the important agricultural by‐products upcycling effort, the current study compared thinned clusters from Chardonnay and Pinot noir, two premium wine grape varieties cultivated in California, to a traditionally Dutch (alkalized) cocoa powder that has been widely used in food applications. Thinned cluster fractions from Chardonnay and Pinot noir grapes grown in the North Coast of California showed much higher concentrations of flavanol monomers and procyanidins, with 208.8–763.5 times more (+)‐catechin, 3.4–19.4 times more (−)‐epicatechin, and 3.8–12.3 times more procyanidins (by degree of polymerization DP 1–7) than those in the traditionally Dutch cocoa powder. These flavanol‐rich thinned clusters that are also considered as plant‐based natural products suggested great potential to be functional ingredients in cocoa‐based products—which have been ubiquitously perceived as flavanol‐rich products by consumers—to enhance their overall dietary flavanol content.
Delivery of tobacco control programs by Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisations in New South Wales, Australia: A cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Bryant Jamie , Noble Natasha , Eades Sandra , Sanson‐Fisher Rob 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIssue AddressedTo describe the characteristics of tobacco control programs (TCPs) delivered by Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services (ACCHSs) in New South Wales (NSW), Australia.MethodsA key informant from each ACCHS in NSW completed a 30‐item online survey. For each TCP, ACCHSs were asked to provide: the target population group, program aims and activities, funding source, and whether the program had been monitored or evaluated and reflected principles of community control and engagement.ResultsTwenty‐five of 38 eligible ACCHSs completed the survey (66% response rate). Overall, 64% of services reported currently delivering at least one TCP, almost all of which aimed to promote quitting (95%). Programs involved brief intervention for tobacco cessation (71%), referral to quit services (67%), or use of printed resources (67%). Funding sources included Local Health Districts (52% of programs), the Commonwealth Government (48%) and NSW Ministry of Health (43%). Most programs were aimed at all Aboriginal people who smoke (76%); 19% targeted women or families during pregnancy/birth. Many TCPs used culturally tailored resources (86%) and employed Aboriginal staff (86%), and 48% had been evaluated.ConclusionsA third of participating ACCHS did not have a specific TCP to address smoking among Aboriginal people, and delivery of programs was characterised by an uncoordinated approach across the state. Aboriginal staff and culturally tailored messages were a focus of existing TCP programs.So What?Findings highlight the need for more investment in TCPs for Aboriginal people to ensure all ACCHSs can deliver evidence‐based programs.
Association of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with systemic inflammation and metabolic syndrome and its components
Authors: Li Wenzhen , Chen Dajie , Peng Ying , Lu Zuxun , Wang Dongming 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the relationship of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components and to explore the potential mechanism.MethodsParticipants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2001–2016) were included.ResultsA total of 6532 adults and 1237 adolescents were included in the present analysis. For adults, the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs for each one‐unit increase in the log‐transformed level of 1‐hydroxynaphthalene (1‐OHNa), 2‐hydroxynaphthalene (2‐OHNa), 3‐hydroxyfluorene (3‐OHFlu), 2‐hydroxyfluorene (2‐OHFlu), 1‐hydroxyphenanthrene (1‐OHPh), 1‐hydroxypyrene (1‐OHP), 2‐ and 3‐hydroxyphenanthrene (2&3‐OHPh), and total urinary PAH metabolites (∑OH‐PAHs) with MetS were 1.11 (1.03–1.20), 1.18 (1.07–1.29), 1.10 (1.01–1.12), 1.18 (1.07–1.30), 1.17 (1.03–1.33), 1.09 (1.01–1.22), 1.24 (1.09–1.40), and 1.17 (1.06–1.29), respectively. They were 1.61 (1.21–2.14) for 2‐OHNa, 1.27 (1.01–1.60) for 2‐OHFlu, 1.53 (1.15–2.03) for 1‐OHPh, and 1.61 (1.20–2.15) for ∑OH‐PAHs among adolescents. C‐reactive protein was not only positively associated with urinary PAH metabolites, but also positively related to MetS, and it mediated 10.23% to 20.21% for urinary PAH metabolites and MetS among adults.ConclusionsPAH exposure is associated with a higher prevalence of MetS or MetS components among adults and adolescents. Systemic inflammation partly mediated the association among adults.
RSV causes more severe respiratory illness than influenza in admitted children under 2‐years‐old
Authors: Tang Katherine M. , Hametz Patricia , Southern William 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionBoth respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza‐associated lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) cause serious respiratory infections in infants and toddlers. We aimed to assess the frequency of complex hospital courses among patients admitted with influenza versus RSV LRTI.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was performed on admissions of children <2 years who were admitted for LRTI and tested positive for influenza or RSV from 2016 to 2019. The primary outcome, complex hospital course, was a composite including: intensive care unit admission, respiratory support, nasogastric tube feeds, prolonged length of stay, and death. Secondary outcomes included 7‐day readmission and time to respiratory support. Differences between RSV and influenza groups were assessed and unadjusted and adjusted regression models and competing risks time to event models were developed.ResultsThere were 1094 (89%) RSV admissions and 134 (11%) influenza admissions. Children admitted for influenza were significantly older (336 vs. 165 days, p < 0.001), more likely to present with an abnormal heart rate for age (84.3% vs. 73.5%, p < 0.01) and a fever (27.6% vs. 18.9%, p = 0.02). Admissions with RSV were significantly more likely to experience a complex hospital course (ORadj = 3.5, 95% CI: 2.2–5.6). In time to event analysis, RSV admissions had a significantly higher rate of respiratory support (HRadj = 3.2, 95% CI: 2.0, 5.2). Readmission rates were similar.ConclusionsRSV admissions were associated with a higher risk for a complex hospital course and required higher rates of respiratory support than influenza admissions. This information may help in evaluating hospital resources and admissions.
The outcome of COVID‐19 in children with chronic lung disease: Systematic review and meta‐analyses
Authors: Sallih Aimi Suhaili Mohd , Wee Mae Wae , Zaki Rafdzah A. , Hng Shih Ying , Eg Kah Peng , Nathan Anna M. , de Bruyne Jessie A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundFew studies have examined the impact of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) infection on children with chronic lung disease (CLD).ObjectiveTo perform a systematic review and meta‐analysis to determine the prevalence, risk factors for contracting COVID‐19, and complications of COVID‐19, in children with CLD.MethodsThis systematic review was based on articles published between January 1, 2020 and July 25, 2022. Children under 18 years old, with any CLD and infected with COVID‐19 were included.ResultsTen articles involving children with asthma and four involving children with cystic fibrosis (CF) were included in the analyses. The prevalence of COVID‐19 in children with asthma varied between 0.14% and 19.1%. The use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) was associated with reduced risk for COVID‐19 (risk ratio [RR]: 0.60, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.40–0.90). Uncontrolled asthma, younger age, AND moderate–severe asthma were not significant risk factors for contracting COVID‐19. Children with asthma had an increased risk for hospitalization (RR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.07–2.45) but were not more likely to require assisted ventilation (RR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.14–1.90). The risk of COVID‐19 infection among children with CF was <1%. Posttransplant and cystic fibrosis‐related diabetes mellitus (CFRDM) patients were at an increased risk for hospitalization and intensive care treatment.ConclusionHospitalizations were higher in children with asthma with COVID‐19 infection. However, using ICS reduced the risk of COVID‐19 infection. As for CF, postlung transplantation and CFRDM were risk factors for severe disease.
Assessing the simulation of snowfall at Dumont d'Urville, Antarctica, during the YOPP‐SH special observing campaign
Authors: Roussel Marie‐Laure , Wiener Valentin , Genthon Christophe , Vignon Etienne , Bazile Eric , Agosta Cécile , Berne Alexis , Durán‐Alarcón Claudio , Dufresne Jean‐Louis , Claud Chantal 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe performance of a set of atmospheric models and meteorological reanalyses in the representation of precipitation days in Antarctica is assessed using ground‐based observations such as a precipitation gauge and a Micro Rain Radar during the Year Of Polar Prediction Special Observing Period at Dumont d'Urville (November 2018–February 2019), East Antarctic coast. The occurrence of precipitation is overall well predicted, but the number of days and intensity with snowfall are overestimated by the models. This is reflected by high values of bias, probability of detection, and false alarm ratios, in particular for reanalyses, due to too frequent simulated precipitating days. The Heidke skill score shows the overall great contribution of the models in the forecasting of precipitating days, and the best performances are achieved by numerical weather prediction models. The chronology is better represented when the models benefit from the data assimilation of in‐situ observations, such as in reanalysis or weather forecasting models. Precipitation amounts at the surface are overestimated by most of the models. In addition, data from a ground‐based radar make it possible to evaluate the representation of the vertical profiles of snowfall rate. We can show that an excessive sublimation in the atmospheric boundary layer can compensate for overly strong precipitation flux in the mid and low troposphere. Therefore, the need to expand the measurement of precipitation across the atmospheric column using radars is highlighted, in particular in Antarctica where the cold cloud microphysics is poorly known and observations are particularly rare.
On the Comparison between the Reliability of Units Produced by Different Production Lines
Authors: Mansour Mahmoud M. M. , EL‐Sagheer Rashad M. , Mahmoud Mohamed A. W. , Aboshady Mohamed S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe paper discusses how to evaluate the reliability of units produced by different production lines. The procedure is based on selecting independent random samples of units produced by different production lines and then evaluating reliability functions for each group of units. The comparison between these reliability functions at a given time allows manufacturing experts to evaluate the effectiveness of production lines. A statistical methodology has been taken based on the assumption that the lifetime of units produced by each product line has a Weibull Gamma distribution. Then, real‐world data are used to illustrate the study's contribution to reliability theory applications.
Epigenetic regulation of photoperiodic flowering in plants
Authors: Liu Shuangrong , He Milan , Lin Xiaoya , Kong Fanjiang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn response to changeable season, plants precisely control the initiation of flowering in appropriate time of the year to ensure reproductive success. Day length (photoperiod) acts as the most important external cue to determine flowering time. Epigenetics regulates many major developmental stages in plant life, and emerging molecular genetics and genomics researches reveal their essential roles in floral transition. Here, we summarize the recent advances in epigenetic regulation of photoperiod‐mediated flowering in Arabidopsis and rice, and discuss the potential of epigenetic regulation in crops improvement, and give the brief prospect for future study trends.
Conscious awareness and memory systems in the brain
Authors: Hannula Deborah E. , Minor Greta N. , Slabbekoorn Dana 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe term “memory” typically refers to conscious retrieval of events and experiences from our past, but experience can also change our behaviour without corresponding awareness of the learning process or the associated outcome. Based primarily on early neuropsychological work, theoretical perspectives have distinguished between conscious memory, said to depend critically on structures in the medial temporal lobe (MTL), and a collection of performance‐based memories that do not. The most influential of these memory systems perspectives, the declarative memory theory, continues to be a mainstay of scientific work today despite mounting evidence suggesting that contributions of MTL structures go beyond the kinds or types of memory that can be explicitly reported. Consistent with these reports, more recent perspectives have focused increasingly on the processing operations supported by particular brain regions and the qualities or characteristics of resulting representations whether memory is expressed with or without awareness. These alternatives to the standard model generally converge on two key points. First, the hippocampus is critical for relational memory binding and representation even without awareness and, second, there may be little difference between some types of priming and explicit, familiarity‐based recognition. Here, we examine the evolution of memory systems perspectives and critically evaluate scientific evidence that has challenged the status quo. Along the way, we highlight some of the challenges that researchers encounter in the context of this work, which can be contentious, and describe innovative methods that have been used to examine unconscious memory in the lab.This article is categorized under:

Psychology > Memory
Psychology > Theory and Methods
Philosophy > Consciousness
Recent methods on short text stream clustering: A survey study
Authors: Maden Engin , Karagoz Pinar 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe volume and the velocity of data in social media are increasing and the social media has become a very useful environment to detect and track the real‐world events. However, to fulfill this, it is crucial to group‐related texts according to their topics and clustering takes an essential role at this point since we have no prior knowledge about the topics and their evolution in social media. In this survey, we review the current approaches and techniques proposed for short text stream clustering in recent years. The reviewed techniques are grouped according to their methodology and discussed in detail. Also, the datasets utilized to evaluate the performance of the proposed methods and the results are summarized together with the clustering quality measures used for these evaluations. Furthermore, current challenges about short‐text stream clustering are discussed.This article is categorized under:
Data: Types and Structure > Streaming Data
On the time momentum representation of hadronic vacuum polarization and gμ − 2
Authors: Greynat David , de Rafael Eduardo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We propose a new set of model independent approximants adapted to the time momentum representation (TMR) of hadronic vacuum polarization (HVP) and its contribution to gμ– 2. They provide a way to extrapolate lattice QCD (LQCD) results obtained in an optimal time-region, to the full range required for an evaluation of the HVP contribution to gμ– 2. They offer as well a new way to confront LQCD results in restricted TMR regions, with the full contribution obtained from data driven determinations.
Mapping Buried Fault Zones in a Granitic Pluton Using Aeromagnetic Data
Authors: Frey Matthis , Bossennec Claire , Sass Ingo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGlobally, the largest geothermal resources are linked to the crystalline basement, which could be exploited using Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS). The planned underground laboratory GeoLaB aims to facilitate the large-scale application of EGS technologies by performing in-situ high-flowrate experiments on fault zones. The Tromm Granite at the northwestern margin of the Upper Rhine Graben was preselected as one of two potential sites for GeoLaB. To improve the understanding of the natural fault network in the target area, a drone-based aeromagnetic survey was conducted in March 2022, covering an area of about 13.3 km2 in the center of the pluton. A selection of eight filters to enhance the signal was tested against each other using a synthetic model. Based on this comparison, the tilt derivative appears to be the most reliable method for mapping and characterizing natural fault zones. The filtered aeromagnetic dataset reveals a network of linear anomalies interpreted as altered fault zones. The relative abundance of magnetic lineaments correlates broadly with slip tendency in the current stress field. Thus, the aeromagnetic may provide insights into the reactivation potential and deformation history of fault zones, which significantly influence the hydraulic properties. However, additional geophysical surveys or exploration wells are needed to validate the results.
Length and associated characteristics of short-term detentions: an analysis of detentions under the Mental Health Act in Scotland, 2006–2018
Authors: Connolly Moira , Schölin Lisa , Robertson Gail S. , Chopra Arun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The Mental Health Act in Scotland is under review. Previous iterations increased patients’ rights but the maximum time for short-term detentions remains unchanged, despite evolving psychiatric treatment models. We explored length, mode of ending and factors of influence on the application of short-term detention certificates (STDCs), which can last up to 28 days, across Scotland between 2006 and 2018.

Methods
Data on age, gender, ethnicity, date of commencement and ending of the STDC and detention site from all 42,493 STDCs issued to 30,464 patients over 12 years were extracted from the national repository for detentions under the Mental Health (Care and Treatment) (Scotland) Act 2003 and analysed using mixed models.

Results
One in five STDCs lapsed on day 28. Two in five were revoked and the remainder extended to a treatment order. STDCs that were not extended averaged 19 days, and revoked STDCs 14 days. The probability of a detention lapsing varied across hospitals and increased with patient age. The odds of a detention lapsing on day 28 were 62% lower and revoked detentions 10% shorter in 2018 relative to 2006. The odds of a detention extending decreased significantly from 2012 to 2018. Extended STDCs were associated with increased patient age, male gender, and ethnicity other than White Scottish. There was little initiation of or active revocation of STDCs on weekend days.

Conclusion
The length of STDCs reduced over time, fewer detentions lapsed, and weekday patterning was evident in each year. These data can inform legislative and service reviews.