bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary embolism in an ESRD patient following minimal venotomy and milking for salvage of dysfunctional autogenous arteriovenous fistula
Authors: Rimal Ankit , Karki Bipin , Paudel Ashmita , Pradhan Utsav Lal , Bhusal Kabi Raj 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPulmonary embolism can be a complication following an attempted salvage of a dysfuctional arteriovenous fistula (AVF). We report a case of bilateral pulmonary embolism in a patient with underlying pericardial effusion who, following minimal venotomy and milking of the AVF, developed sudden and significant respiratory distress, and later improved.
Remibrutinib inhibits hives effector cells stimulated by serum from chronic urticaria patients independently of FcεR1 expression level and omalizumab clinical response
Authors: Gimeno Ramón , Ribas‐Llauradó Clara , Pesque David , Andrades Evelyn , Cenni Bruno , Ambros Barbara , Pujol Ramon , Giménez‐Arnau Ana M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite advances in the treatment of chronic urticaria, in a significant percentage of the patients symptoms are not fully controlled with conventional approaches. New strategies under development include blocking intracellular mediators of mast cell and basophil activation.ObjectiveWe aim to investigate the effects of the Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor remibrutinib on human blood basophils and CD34+‐derived mast cells activation induced by serum obtained from chronic urticaria patients.MethodsTwenty‐two patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (mean age 52 years, 27% women) and 22 patients with chronic inducible urticaria (46 years, 27% women) were included in the study together with a sex‐matched control group. Patients were classified as responders or non‐responders to anti‐IgE therapy on the basis of their clinical data, FcεR1a expression on blood basophils and total IgE levels. Changes on CD63 expression—as an activation marker‐, were used to evaluate in vitro the response of basophils and mast cells to serum exposure and the inhibitory effects of remibrutinib.ResultsRemibrutinib inhibits degranulation induced by IgE cross‐linking in mast cells and basophils and also the activation triggered by factors present in the sera of spontaneous and inducible chronic urticaria patients. Patient's serum induces a greater degranulation of effector cells than controls. Activation of mast cells and basophils by patient sera and remibrutinib effects were not related to omalizumab responsiveness.ConclusionRemibrutinib inhibits activation of human basophils and mast cells induced in vitro by exposure to the serum of chronic urticaria patients independently of their response to omalizumab.
Circulating tumor DNA‐based molecular residual disease detection for treatment monitoring in advanced melanoma patients
Authors: Eroglu Zeynep , Krinshpun Shifra , Kalashnikova Ekaterina , Sudhaman Sumedha , Ozturk Topcu Turkan , Nichols Matt , Martin Justin , Bui Katherine M. , Palsuledesai Charuta C. , Malhotra Meenakshi , Olshan Perry , Markowitz Joseph , Khushalani Nikhil I. , Tarhini Ahmad A. , Messina Jane L. , Aleshin Alexey 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have substantially improved overall survival in patients with advanced melanoma; however, the lack of biomarkers to monitor treatment response and relapse remains an important clinical challenge. Thus, a reliable biomarker is needed that can risk‐stratify patients for disease recurrence and predict response to treatment.MethodsA retrospective analysis using a personalized, tumor‐informed circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) assay on prospectively collected plasma samples (n = 555) from 69 patients with advanced melanoma was performed. Patients were divided into three cohorts: cohort A (N = 30), stage III patients receiving adjuvant ICI/observation; cohort B (N = 29), unresectable stage III/IV patients receiving ICI therapy; and cohort C (N = 10), stage III/IV patients on surveillance after planned completion of ICI therapy for metastatic disease.ResultsIn cohort A, compared to molecular residual disease (MRD)‐negative patients, MRD‐positivity was associated with significantly shorter distant metastasis‐free survival (DMFS; hazard ratio [HR], 10.77; p = .01). Increasing ctDNA levels from the post‐surgical or pre‐treatment time point to after 6 weeks of ICI were predictive of shorter DMFS in cohort A (HR, 34.54; p < .0001) and shorter progression‐free survival (PFS) in cohort B (HR, 22; p = .006). In cohort C, all ctDNA‐negative patients remained progression‐free for a median follow‐up of 14.67 months, whereas ctDNA‐positive patients experienced disease progression.ConclusionPersonalized and tumor‐informed longitudinal ctDNA monitoring is a valuable prognostic and predictive tool that may be used throughout the clinical course of patients with advanced melanoma.
Neuroradiological findings in children with subdural hematoma and suspected abusive head trauma
Authors: Zahl Sverre Morten , Andersson Jacob , Wester Knut , Wikström Johan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimAbusive head trauma (AHT) is often suspected in infants with subdural hematoma (SDH). Other neuroradiological findings have also been reported in assumed AHT, such as hypoxic–ischemic injury (HII), cortical vein thrombosis, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. The purpose of this study was to investigate neuroradiological and clinical findings in cases of suspected AHT.MethodsInfants with SDH suspected to be caused by AHT, referred to the Swedish National Board of Forensic Medicine during the period 1994–2018, were considered for inclusion.ResultsNinety‐six cases were included, with 68% males. The proportions of infants born prematurely, and twins, were higher than in the normal population. Signs of “benign enlargement of the subarachnoid space” (BESS) were found in 36% and were associated with chronic SDH and nonacute symptoms. HII was found in 16% and was associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage and high mortality, but not traumatic findings. Clinical signs of increased intracranial pressure were associated with retinal hemorrhages.ConclusionThis analysis indicates that infants with SDH investigated for AHT are a heterogeneous group with some cases associated with external signs of trauma and others with possibly nontraumatic etiologies. Infants with BESS are more likely to have chronic SDH and nonacute symptoms. Patients with HII often have serious/fatal outcomes, but are not associated with external signs of injury. The overrepresentation of males, premature infants, and twins is unexplained.
Electronic, Optical, and Magnetic Properties of Fe‐ or Co‐Doped 2D 2H‐CrSe2
Authors: Lan Qingwen , Ma Yihan , Qin Tian , Yang Lei , Chen Changpeng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe effect of substitution of Cr in 2H‐CrSe2 by Fe and Co on its electronic, optical, and magnetic properties is studied by first‐principles density functional theory. Spin‐polarized semiconducting state is realized in CrSe2 by substitutional doping of Fe and Co, while a semimetallic state is obtained by Fe doping and the magnetic moment after Fe doping is 4.52 μB. On Co substitution, it is observed that the system presents metallic properties, with relatively low light absorption and reflectance, and good transparency. The magnetic moment after Co doping is 2.71 μB. The absorption coefficient of CrSe2 to visible light increases with the doping of Fe and Co, and the peak value is redshifted, which is conducive to the further application of CrSe2 in the field of optoelectronics.
Blockchain for social good and stakeholder engagement: Evidence from a case study
Authors: Sansone Giuliano , Santalucia Flavio , Viglialoro Davide , Landoni Paolo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBlockchain is a promising and emerging technology. Despite the number of studies on the subject, several studies require further exploration of the relationship between blockchain and social innovation. Moreover, there is an increasing interest in social entrepreneurship and in how technical solutions may address social or environmental issues. Hence, this work aims at understanding how a venture can apply blockchain technology for social good. The study adopts a qualitative approach based on a case study and builds on stakeholder theory as a theoretical background. The case study under review is a social venture working on Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) number 10. Our findings present four peculiarities of blockchain for social good: (i) reliability, (ii) transparency, (iii) decentralization, and (iv) accessibility. Moreover, the present study develops a framework on blockchain for social good based on the possible stakeholders' involvement. Finally, four challenges related to blockchain for social good are presented and discussed.
Temperature and time after urine collection affect the detection of phenethylamine, a substance prohibited in sports
Authors: Nara Akina , Nakajima Rie , Yamada Chiho , Suyama Manami , Kozakai Yu , Yoshida Masaki , Iwahara Kaori , Takagi Tetsuya 
Published: March 2023

Abstract2‐Phenylethylamine (phenethylamine) and its derivatives are stimulant drugs, which are prohibited in sports because of their potential performance‐enhancing properties. If phenethylamine is detected in an athlete's urine, the athlete may be subjected to serious sanctions, such as disqualification for both domestic and international competitions. Given the serious consequences athletes face for phenethylamine detection, great care should be taken to avoid false positive tests. In forensic medicine, it is widely known that phenethylamine is produced by putrefactive bacteria in autopsy urine samples; it is possible that this process could also occur in an athlete's urine sample without proper storage. In this study, human urine samples were stored at −20, 4, or 22°C for 14 days, and phenethylamine in the samples was quantitatively analyzed using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. No phenethylamine was detected in urine samples stored at −20°C throughout 14‐day period. Nevertheless, phenethylamine was detected after 6 days in these samples stored at 4°C and after only 1 day in samples stored at 22°C. Additionally, the concentration of phenethylamine in these samples increased each day after detection. These results suggest that urine samples should be stored immediately at −20°C after collection when testing athletes for phenethylamine, especially if the sample must be stored for extended period before testing.
Orthophosphate fluxes in scattered trees from fragmented Andean landscapes highlight a biogeochemical role of foliar traits in pioneer species
Authors: Vásquez‐Sogamoso Santiago , Villegas Juan Camilo , Suescún Diego 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHighly diverse neotropical ecosystems exhibit a natural limitation of phosphorus in the soil, sufficient to limit productivity and structure. This is more pronounced in Andean ecosystems, with high forest fragmentation and forest loss rates aggravating the effect. Previous studies have highlighted the importance of precipitation and its interaction with the canopy on nutrient inputs into forests. However, few studies have quantified the potential effects of structural and morphological tree diversity on the dynamics of phosphorous inputs on these ecosystems. In this study, we determined the association between 12 morphological plant functional traits and the movement of water‐driven orthophosphate from the canopy into the soil in 20 individuals of five tree species, on single individuals scattered across a human‐disturbed montane landscape in the Colombian Andes: Croton magdalenensis, Andesanthus lepidotus, Vismia baccifera and Quercus humboldtii and a commonly planted exotic species Eucalyptus globulus. We quantified PO4‐P concentrations in precipitation, throughfall and stemflow in all trees for 14 isolated rainfall events. In general, our results show a general enrichment of PO4‐P concentration in the net precipitation after passing through tree canopies. One particular species, C. magdalenensis, an ecological pioneer, had notably higher values of PO4‐P concentration. This condition relates, potentially, to a particularly higher epiphyte load, high leaf area and high trichome density. This condition potentially facilitates biogeochemical exchange and improves ecological functions associated with early stages of forest recovery (where pioneer species dominate forest composition). Our results are particularly relevant given that the highest contributions of PO4‐P to the soil occur in native species, which become key structures in the recovery of fragmented Andean ecosystems.
Organization of projections from the entorhinal cortex to the hippocampal formation of the Egyptian fruit bat Rousettus aegyptiacus
Authors: Jacobsen Bente , Kleven Heidi , Gatome Wairimu , Las Liora , Ulanovsky Nachum , Witter Menno P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe hippocampal formation and entorhinal cortex are crucially involved in learning and memory as well as in spatial navigation. The conservation of these structures across the entire mammalian lineage demonstrates their importance. Information on a diverse set of spatially tuned neurons has become available, but we only have a rudimentary understanding of how anatomical network structure affects functional tuning. Bats are the only order of mammals that have evolved true flight, and with this specialization comes the need to navigate and behave in a three dimensional (3D) environment. Spatial tuning of cells in the entorhinal‐hippocampal network of bats has been studied for some time, but whether the reported tuning in 3D is associated with changes in the entorhinal‐hippocampal network is not known. Here we investigated the entorhinal‐hippocampal projections in the Egyptian fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus), by injecting chemical anterograde tracers in the entorhinal cortex. Detailed analyses of the terminations of these projections in the hippocampus showed that both the medial and lateral entorhinal cortex sent projections to the molecular layer of all subfields of the hippocampal formation. Our analyses showed that the terminal distributions of entorhinal fibers in the hippocampal formation of Egyptian fruit bats—including the proximo‐distal and longitudinal topography and the layer‐specificity—are similar to what has been described in other mammalian species such as rodents and primates. The major difference in entorhinal‐hippocampal projections that was described to date between rodents and primates is in the terminal distribution of the DG projection. We found that bats have entorhinal‐DG projections that seem more like those in primates than in rodents. It is likely that the latter projection in bats is specialized to the behavioral needs of this species, including 3D flight and long‐distance navigation.
The relationship between clinical perfectionism and nonsuicidal self‐injury: The roles of experiential avoidance, self‐esteem, and locus of control
Authors: Duncan‐Plummer Thomas , Hasking Penelope , Tonta Kate , Boyes Mark 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesPerfectionism is linked to nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI). Individuals with elevated perfectionism tend to avoid undesirable emotions and experience lower self‐esteem, which are associated with NSSI. However, it is unclear if these mechanisms explain the link between clinical perfectionism and NSSI, and if locus of control is involved. We aimed to explore whether experiential avoidance and self‐esteem would mediate the relationship between clinical perfectionism and NSSI, and if locus of control would moderate links between clinical perfectionism and both experiential avoidance and self‐esteem.MethodAs part of a larger study, 514 Australian university students (Mage = 21.15 years, SD = 2.40; 73.5% female) completed an online survey of NSSI, clinical perfectionism, experiential avoidance, self‐esteem, and locus of control.ResultsClinical perfectionism was associated with NSSI history, but not with recent NSSI or past year NSSI frequency. Lower self‐esteem, but not experiential avoidance, mediated links between clinical perfectionism and NSSI history, recent NSSI, and NSSI frequency. More external locus of control was associated with NSSI, experiential avoidance, and lower self‐esteem, but locus of control did not moderate pathways between clinical perfectionism and experiential avoidance or self‐esteem.ConclusionUniversity students reporting elevated clinical perfectionism may have a tendency to experience lower self‐esteem which is associated with NSSI history, recency, and severity.
Gulp1 deficiency augments bone mass in male mice by affecting osteoclasts due to elevated 17β‐estradiol levels
Authors: Kim Soon‐Young , Park Gun‐Il , Park Seung‐Yoon , Lee Eun‐Hye , Choi Hyuck , Koh Jeong‐Tae , Han Soyun , Choi Man Ho , Park Eui Kyun , Kim In‐San , Kim Jung‐Eun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe engulfment adaptor phosphotyrosine‐binding domain containing 1 (GULP1) is an adaptor protein involved in the engulfment of apoptotic cells via phagocytosis. Gulp1 was first found to promote the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by macrophages, and its role in various tissues, including neurons and ovaries, has been well studied. However, the expression and function of GULP1 in bone tissue are poorly understood. Consequently, to determine whether GULP1 plays a role in the regulation of bone remodeling in vitro and in vivo, we generated Gulp1 knockout (KO) mice. Gulp1 was expressed in bone tissue, mainly in osteoblasts, while its expression is very low in osteoclasts. Microcomputed tomography and histomorphometry analysis in 8‐week‐old male Gulp1 KO mice revealed a high bone mass in comparison with male wild‐type (WT) mice. This was a result of decreased osteoclast differentiation and function in vivo and in vitro as confirmed by a reduced actin ring and microtubule formation in osteoclasts. Gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry analysis further showed that both 17β‐estradiol (E2) and 2‐hydroxyestradiol levels, and the E2/testosterone metabolic ratio, reflecting aromatase activity, were also higher in the bone marrow of male Gulp1 KO mice than in male WT mice. Consistent with mass spectrometry analysis, aromatase enzymatic activity was significantly higher in the bone marrow of male Gulp1 KO mice. Altogether, our results suggest that GULP1 deficiency decreases the differentiation and function of osteoclasts themselves and increases sex steroid hormone‐mediated inhibition of osteoclast differentiation and function, rather than affecting osteoblasts, resulting in a high bone mass in male mice. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to explore the direct and indirect roles of GULP1 in bone remodeling, providing new insights into its regulation.
Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Characterizes the Drug‐Drug Interaction Between Saxagliptin and Rifampicin in Patients With Renal Impairment
Authors: Wu Wanhong , Lin Rongfang , Ke Meng , Ye Lingling , Lin Cuihong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe aim of the present study is to develop physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models for saxagliptin and its active metabolite, 5‐hydroxy saxagliptin, and to predict the effect of coadministration of rifampicin, a strong inducer of cytochrome P450 3A4 enzymes, on the pharmacokinetics of saxagliptin and 5‐hydroxy saxagliptin in patients with renal impairment. The PBPK models of saxagliptin and 5‐hydroxy saxagliptin were developed and validated in GastroPlus for healthy adults with or without rifampicin and adults with varying renal functions. Then, the effect of renal impairment combined with drug‐drug interaction on saxagliptin and 5‐hydroxy saxagliptin pharmacokinetics was investigated. The PBPK models successfully predicted the pharmacokinetics. For saxagliptin, the prediction suggests that rifampin greatly weakened the effect of renal impairment on reducing clearance, and the inductive effect of rifampin on parent drug metabolism seems to be increased with an increase in the degree of renal impairment severity. For patients with the same degree of renal impairment, rifampicin would have a slightly synergistic effect on the increase of 5‐hydroxy saxagliptin exposure compared with dosed alone. There is an unsignificant decline for the saxagliptin total active moiety exposure values in patients with the same degree of renal impairment. It seems that patients with renal impairment are unlikely to require additional dose adjustments when coadministered with rifampicin, compared with saxagliptin alone. Our study provides a reasonable approach to explore unknown DDI potential in renal impairment.
Incidence and diagnostic performance of ultrasound for perianal abscess or fistula‐in‐ano in pediatric patients with perianal inflammation
Authors: Hosokawa Takahiro , Tanami Yutaka , Sato Yumiko , Deie Kyoichi , Ishimaru Tetsuya , Hara Tomoko , Nambu Ryusuke , Deguchi Kuntaro , Takei Haruka , Iwama Itaru , Kawashima Hiroshi , Oguma Eiji 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo describe the incidence and diagnostic performance of ultrasound for perianal abscess or fistula‐in‐ano in pediatric patients with perianal inflammation.MethodsWe included 45 patients with perianal inflammation who underwent ultrasonography. To demonstrate the diagnostic performance of ultrasound for fistula‐in‐ano, a definite diagnosis of perianal abscess, and fistula‐in‐ano was determined as that proven through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT). The absence or presence of perianal abscess and fistula‐in‐ano on ultrasonography was recorded.ResultsAmong the 45 patients, on ultrasound, perianal abscess and fistula‐in‐ano were detected in 22 (48.9%) and 30 (68.2%) patients, respectively. Nine patients had MRI or CT and a definite diagnosis of perianal abscess or fistula‐in‐ano; accuracy, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value of ultrasound for perianal abscess were 77.8% (7/9; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 40.0%–97.1%), 66.7% (2/3; 95% CI: 9.4%–99.2%), 83.3% (5/6; 95% CI: 35.9%–99.6%), and those of fistula‐in‐ano were 100% (9/9; 95% CI: 66.4%–100%), 100% (8/8; 95% CI: 63.1%–100%), and 100% (1/1; 95% CI: 2.5%–100%), respectively.ConclusionsPerianal abscess and fistula‐in‐ano were detected by ultrasound in half of the patients with perianal inflammation. Accordingly, ultrasound has an acceptable diagnostic performance for perianal abscess and fistula‐in‐ano.
Green synthesis of AgNPs using Delonix regia bark for potential catalytic and antioxidant applications
Authors: Bala Anu , Rani Gita 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNanoparticle synthesis from plant resources has recently gained significant impact due to its low cost, simple equipment requirements, and ease of availability. In this work, DR‐AgNPs were synthesized using bark extract of Delonix regia (D. regia) plant under microwave irradiation. The formation of DR‐AgNPs has been confirmed with UV–Vis, XRD, FTIR, FESEM, HRTEM, EDS, DLS, and zeta potential analysis. Catalytic and antioxidant activities were tested on synthesized spherical nanoparticles with a size range of 10–48 nm. The effects of pH and catalyst dosage on the methylene blue (MB) dye degradation were carried out. It was observed from the treatment results that 95% MB dye degradation efficiency was achieved within 4 min with a degradation rate constant of 0.772 min−1. The synthesized nanoparticles showed a strong antioxidant property when analyzed by a 2,2‐Diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. The calculated IC50 value for DR‐AgNPs was 37.1 ± 0.12 μg mL−1. Therefore, DR‐AgNPs are excellent in both catalytic and antioxidant activities when compared to previously reported works.Highlights
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (DR‐AgNPs) using Delonix regia bark extract.
The catalytic activity of DR‐AgNPs is remarkable against Methylene Blue.
DR‐AgNPs also have a strong DPPH radical antioxidant effect.
Short degradation time, high degradation rate constant, and a good scavenging activity are key features of this study compared to previously reported works.