bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vibrio cholerae O1 associated with recent endemic cholera shows temporal changes in serotype, genotype, and drug-resistance patterns in Bangladesh
Authors: Jubyda Fatema Tuz , Nahar Kazi Sumaita , Barman Indrajeet , Johura Fatema-Tuz , Islam Mohammad Tarequl , Sultana Marzia , Ullah Wali , Tasnim Jarin , Biswas Sahitya Ranjan , Monir Md Mamun , George Christine Marie , Camilli Andrew , Ahmed Niyaz , Ross Allen G. , Clemens John D. , Alam Munirul 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Despite the advancement in our understanding of cholera and its etiological agent, Vibrio cholerae, the prevention and treatment of the disease are often hindered due to rapid changes in drug response pattern, serotype, and the major genomic islands namely, the CTX-prophage, and related genetic characteristics. In the present study, V. cholerae (n = 172) associated with endemic cholera in Dhaka during the years 2015–2021 were analyzed for major phenotypic and genetic characteristics, including drug resistance patterns.

Results
Results revealed that the V. cholerae strains belonged to serogroup O1 biotype El Tor carrying El Tor -specific genes rtxC, tcpA El Tor, and hlyA El Tor, but possessed classical-biotype cholera toxin. Serotypes of V. cholerae strains differed temporally in predominance with Inaba during 2015–2017, and again in 2020–2021, while Ogawa was the predominant serotype in 2018–2019. Also, ctxB1 was predominant in V. cholerae associated with cholera during 2015–2017, while ctxB7 was predominant in 2018, and in the subsequent years, as observed until 2021. V. cholerae strains differed in their antibiotic resistance pattern with a majority (97%) being multi-drug resistant (MDR) and belonging to six sub-groups. Notably, one of these MDR strains was resistant to eleven of the eighteen antibiotics tested, with resistance to fourth-generation cephalosporin (cefepime), and aztreonam. This extreme drug resistant (XDR) strain carried resistance-related genes namely, extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL), blaOXA-1 and blaPER-3.

Conclusion
The observed temporal switching of serotypes, as well as the ctxB genotype, and the emergence of MDR/XDR V. cholerae and their association with endemic cholera in Dhaka underscore the need for routine monitoring of the pathogen for proper patient management.
Pathological mechanisms of neuroimmune response and multitarget disease-modifying therapies of mesenchymal stem cells in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Zhuo Yi , Li Xuan , He Zhengwen , Lu Ming 
Published: April 2023

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN); the etiology and pathological mechanism of the disease are still unclear. Recent studies have shown that the activation of a neuroimmune response plays a key role in the development of PD. Alpha-synuclein (α-Syn), the primary pathological marker of PD, can gather in the SN and trigger a neuroinflammatory response by activating microglia which can further activate the dopaminergic neuron’s neuroimmune response mediated by reactive T cells through antigen presentation. It has been shown that adaptive immunity and antigen presentation processes are involved in the process of PD and further research on the neuroimmune response mechanism may open new methods for its prevention and therapy. While current therapeutic regimens are still focused on controlling clinical symptoms, applications such as immunoregulatory strategies can delay the symptoms and the process of neurodegeneration. In this review, we summarized the progression of the neuroimmune response in PD based on recent studies and focused on the use of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy and challenges as a strategy of disease-modifying therapy with multiple targets.
Feasibility of implementing an innovative manual handling risk assessment training program for staff working in long-term care
Authors: Brusco Natasha K , Graven Christine , Boyd Leanne , Kugler Helen , Dawes Helen , Rawson Helen , Clayton Lynne , Tan Suzanna , Goodwin Victoria A , Hall Abi J , Taylor Nicholas F 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The Risk Assessment for moving Individuals SafEly (RAISE) program is a hospital-based manual handling nursing training program. RAISE involves upskilling on continual risk assessment during patient-assisted movements. RAISE aims to optimise staff and patient safety while providing the patient with movement and rehabilitation opportunities. Implementation of RAISE in the hospital setting has been established. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of implementing RAISE in the long-term care setting.

Methods
We examined three feasibility domains: acceptability, practicality, and limited efficacy (observed nursing behaviour change which has the potential to reduce nursing injuries), using a prospective pilot pre-post design in the long-term care setting. Staff completed a 4-hour training session on RAISE delivered by two physiotherapists, followed by 8 h of supported behaviour change in the workplace. Staff acceptability and practicality of incorporating risk assessment strategies into manual handling approaches were explored through pre- and post-training staff surveys and a semi-structured interview. Resident acceptability of manual handling practices was explored via survey data collected after the RAISE training. Pre to post-training changes in staff knowledge and behaviour were examined through the pre- and post-training staff survey, and observation of staff assisting resident movement.

Results
Two enrolled nurses and five residents participated. Staff reported the RAISE program was acceptable and practical to implement in the long-term care setting. There were no adverse events or safety concerns. Staff reported the RAISE program provided guidance and enhanced staff empowerment to make decisions during assisted resident movement. There were 26 observed resident-staff manual handling interactions recorded, with 13 pre-training and 13 post-training. Post-training, RAISE skills had improved and were completed 100% of the time, except for completing a physical risk assessment which improved from 46 to 85%, demonstrating limited efficacy. Residents reported it’s important for staff to be trained on how to assist them to mobilise and they found the concept of the RAISE program acceptable.

Conclusions
This pilot study supports the feasibility of long-term care facilities participating in future studies testing the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the Risk Assessment for moving Individuals SafEly (RAISE) patient and resident manual handling program.
Systematic literature review of the techniques for household electrical appliance anomaly detections and knowledge extractions
Authors: Rauf Seidu Agbor Abdul , Adekoya Adebayo F. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe demand for electricity at home has increased in recent times globally, this high demand for continuous, stable and affordable power can be attributed to the demand for comfortable lifestyle of consumers but the quality and efficiency of the appliances being used remain questionable. Malfunctioning appliances usually show a power signature statistically different from their normal behavior, which can lead to higher energy consumption or more serious damages. As a result, numerous studies in recent times have been conducted on the household electrical appliance anomaly behaviors to find the root-cause of these anomalies using machine learning techniques and algorithms. This study attempted to undertake a systematic and critical review of ninety-two (92) research works reported in academic journals over fifteen (15) years (2006–2021) in the area of household electrical appliance anomaly detections and knowledge extraction using machine learning. The various techniques used in these reports were clustered based on machine learning-based techniques, statistical techniques and physical based approach techniques and the parameters adopted, such as machine learning algorithms, feature extraction approaches, anomaly detection levels, computing platforms and application scenarios. This clustering was done based on the following criteria: the nature of a dataset and the number of data sources used, the data timeframe, the machine learning algorithms used, machine learning task, used accuracy and error metrics and software packages used for modeling. For the number of data source used, the results revealed that 81.2% of documents reviewed used single sources and Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) was the highest implemented regression model (60.9%), the probability model that was mostly implemented was the Bayesian network. Furthermore, the study revealed that, root-mean-square error (RMSE) accounted 35% was the most used error metric among household appliance abnormal behaviors, followed by mean absolute percentage error MAPE which accounted 32%. The study further revealed that 46% of appliance abnormal detections was based on weather parameters, and historical energy consumption. Finally, we recap the challenges and limitations for further research in electrical appliance anomaly detections locally and globally.
Patients’ experiences of clinical team meetings (ward rounds) at an adult in-patient eating disorders ward: mixed-method service improvement project
Authors: Yim See Heng , Jones Roshan , Cooper Myra , Roberts Lyn , Viljoen David 
Published: April 2023

AimsWard rounds are key to treatment-related decision-making, but are often stressful. This project aimed to explore and improve patients’ experiences of the clinical team meeting (CTM; historically known as ward round) in an adult in-patient eating disorders unit. A mixed-method approach was adopted with in vivo observations, two focus groups and an interview. Six patients participated. Two former patients contributed to data analysis, co-production of service improvement initiatives and write-up.ResultsThe mean CTM duration was 14.3 min. Patients spoke half of the time, followed by psychiatry colleagues. ‘Request’ was the most discussed category. Three themes were identified: CTMs are important but impersonal, a sense of palpable anxiety was generated and staff and patients had divergent views regarding CTM goals.Clinical implicationsThe co-produced changes to CTMs were implemented and improved patient's experiences despite COVID-19 challenges. Factors beyond CTMs, including the ward's power hierarchy, culture and language, need addressing to facilitate shared decision-making.
Experiences and support needs of consultant psychiatrists following a patient-perpetrated homicide
Authors: Hussain Qamar , Killaspy Helen , McPherson Peter , Gibbons Rachel 
Published: April 2023

Aims and methodTo investigate the experiences and support needs of consultant psychiatrists following a patient-perpetrated homicide, an anonymous online survey was sent to all consultant psychiatrists registered as members of the UK's Royal College of Psychiatrists.ResultsOf the 497 psychiatrists who responded, 165 (33%) had experienced a homicide by a patient under their consultant care. Most respondents reported negative impacts on their clinical work (83%), mental and/or physical health (78%) or personal relationships (59%), and for some (9–12%) these were severe and long lasting. Formal processes such as serious incident inquiries were commonly experienced as distressing. Support was mainly provided by friends, family and colleagues rather than the employing organisation.Clinical implicationsMental health service providers need to provide support and guidance to psychiatrists following a patient-perpetrated homicide to help them manage the personal and professional impact. Further research into the needs of other mental health professionals is needed.
Investigating the potential association of temporary employment and job dissatisfaction with alcohol use disorder and depressive symptoms: a 13-wave longitudinal analysis
Authors: Baek Seong-Uk , Yoon Jin-Ha , Won Jong-Uk 
Published: April 2023

Background
There has been growing interest in protecting workers’ mental health. Identifying social determinants that affect workers’ mental health could play an important role in preventing psychiatric diseases.

Aims
We investigated the effects of temporary employment and job dissatisfaction on alcohol use disorder and depressive symptoms.

Method
The Korea Welfare Panel Study data-set (2009–2021) was used, and 9611 participants with 52 639 observations were included. Generalised linear mixed models were employed to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. The relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) was calculated to assess supra-additive interactions between temporary employment and job dissatisfaction.

Results
Increased risks for depressive symptoms were observed among fixed-term workers (odds ratio 1.12, 95% CI 1.00–1.26) and daily labourers (odds ratio 1.68, 95% CI 1.44–1.95). Daily labourers were associated with an increased risk of alcohol use disorder (odds ratio 1.54, 95% CI 1.22–1.95). Job dissatisfaction was associated with alcohol use disorder (odds ratio 1.78, 95% CI 1.52–2.08) and depressive symptoms (odds ratio 4.88, 95% CI 4.36–5.46). This effect became stronger when workers were concurrently exposed to temporary employment and job dissatisfaction. Daily labourers with job dissatisfaction showed the highest risks for alcohol use disorder (odds ratio 2.99, 95% CI 2.21–4.03) and depressive symptoms (odds ratio 9.00, 95% CI 7.36–11.02). RERIs between daily employment and job dissatisfaction were >0 for alcohol use disorder (0.91, 95% CI 0.06–1.76) and depressive symptoms (3.47, 95% CI 1.80–5.14), indicating a supra-additive interaction.

Conclusions
We revealed that temporary employment and job dissatisfaction had detrimental effects on alcohol use disorder and depressive symptoms.
Cancer Survivors' Experiences With and Preferences for Medical Information Disclosure and Advance Care Planning: An Online Survey Among Indonesian Cancer Support Groups
Authors: Martina Diah , Angka Rebecca Noerjani , Putranto Rudi , Shatri Hamzah , Sudoyo Aru Wisaksono , van der Heide Agnes , van der Rijt Carin C.D. , Rietjens Judith A.C. 
Published: April 2023

PURPOSE To understand the experiences and preferences of Indonesian cancer survivors regarding medical information disclosure and advance care planning. METHODS On the basis of systematic reviews of the scientific literature, qualitative studies, and expert-panel input, we developed an online survey that was distributed to nine cancer survivor support groups in Indonesia. RESULTS A total of 1,030 valid responses were received. Most participants were younger than 60 years (92%), female (91%), married (78%), Muslim (75%), diagnosed with breast cancer (68%), highly educated (64%), and more than one year beyond diagnosis of their cancer. If diagnosed with a life-limiting illness, participants wished to be informed about their diagnosis (74%), disease severity (61%), estimated curability (81%), expected disease trajectory (66%), and estimated life expectancy (37%). Between 46%-69% of the participants wished to discuss four topics of advance care planning (end-of-life treatments, resuscitation, health care proxies, and what matters at the end of life); 21%-42% had done so. Of those who wished to discuss these topics, 36%-79% preferred to do so with their family members. The most important reasons for not being willing to engage in advance care planning were the desire to surrender to God's will and to focus on here and now. CONCLUSION In a group of cancer survivors, most of them were highly educated, young, female, and diagnosed with breast cancer. Their preferences for medical information and advance care planning varied, with the majority wishing for information and involvement in advance care planning. Culturally sensitive advance care planning involves health care professionals eliciting individuals' preferences for medical information disclosure and discussing different topics in advance care planning conversations.
Disorder-induced mode coupling and symmetry breaking in amorphous solids
Authors: Kumar Avanish , Procaccia Itamar , Singh Murari 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Applying very small purely radial strains on amorphous solids in radial geometry one observes elastic responses that break the radial symmetry. Without any plasticity involved, the responses indicate mode coupling contributions even for minute strains. We show that these symmetry-breaking responses are due to disorder, typical to amorphous configurations. The symmetry-breaking responses are quantitatively explained using the classical Michell solutions which are excited by mode coupling.
Diagnosis and Incidence of Congenital Combined Pituitary Hormone Deficiency in Denmark—A National Observational Study
Authors: Jakobsen Louise Kjersgaard , Jensen Rikke Beck , Birkebæk Niels Holtum , Hansen Dorte , Christensen Ann-Margrethe Rønholt , Bjerrum Maja Carsting , Christesen Henrik Thybo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Context
Congenital combined pituitary hormone deficiency (cCPHD) is the loss of ≥2 pituitary hormones caused by congenital factors.

Objective
We aimed to estimate the national incidence of cCPHD diagnosed before age 18 years and in subgroups.

Methods
Patients with cCPHD were identified in the Danish National Patient Registry and Danish hospital registries in the period 1996-2020. Hospital files were reviewed and incidences calculated using background population data. Incidence was the main outcome measure.

Results
We identified 128 patients with cCPHD; 88 (68.8%) were males. The median (range) age at diagnosis was 6.2 (0.01-19.0) years. The median (25th;75th percentile) number of hormone deficiencies at diagnosis was 3 (3; 4) at &lt;1 year vs 2 (2; 2) at 1-17 years, P &lt; .0001. Abnormal pituitary magnetic resonance imaging findings were seen in 70.3% (83/118). For those born in Denmark aged &lt;18 years at diagnosis (n = 116/128) the estimated national incidence (95% CI) of cCPHD was 10.34 (7.79-13.72) per 100 000 births, with an annual incidence rate of 5.74 (4.33-7.62) per million. In subgroup analysis (diagnosis &lt;1 vs 1-17 years), the incidence was highest in the 1-17 years subgroup, 7.97 (5.77-11.00) vs 1.98 (1.39-2.84) per 100 000 births, whereas the annual incidence rate was highest at &lt;1 year, 19.8 (13.9-28.4) vs 4.69 (3.39-6.47) per million births.

Conclusion
cCPHD had the highest incidence rate and the most hormone deficiencies in those diagnosed at &lt;1 year. The incidence was highest in the 1-17 years age group, underscoring the need for multiple pituitary hormone investigations throughout childhood and adolescence in children with only 1 hormone deficiency.
Sensorimotor control of swimming Polypterus senegalus is preserved during sensory deprivation conditions across altered environments
Authors: Hainer Jeffrey , Lutek Keegan , Maki Hailey , Standen Emily M. 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Control of locomotion involves the interplay of sensory signals and motor commands. Sensory information is essential for adjusting locomotion in response to environmental changes. A previous study using mathematical modelling of lamprey swimming has shown that, in the absence of sensory feedback, increasing fluid viscosity constrains swimming kinematics, limiting tail amplitude and body wavelength, resulting in decreased swimming speed. In contrast, previous experiments with Polypterus senegalus reported increased magnitude swimming kinematics (increased body curvature, body wave speed and frequency, and pectoral fin frequency) in high viscosity water suggesting that sensory information is used to adjust swimming form. It is not known what sensory systems are providing the necessary information to respond to these environmental changes. We tested the hypothesis that lateral line and visual input are responsible for the sensory-driven increase in swimming kinematics in response to experimentally increased fluid viscosity. The kinematics of five P. senegalus were recorded in two different viscosities of water while removing lateral line and visual sensory feedback. Unlike the mathematical model devoid of sensory feedback, P. senegalus with lateral line and/or visual senses removed did not reduce the magnitude of swimming kinematic variables, suggesting that additional sensory feedback mechanisms are present in these fish to help overcome increased fluid viscosity. Increases in swimming speed when both lateral line and visual sensory feedback were removed suggest that lateral line and visual information may be used to regulate swimming speed in P. senegalus, possibly using an internal model of predictions to adjust swimming form.
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis – classification and methods of treatment
Authors: Pawłocik Weronika , Wojtala Laura , Pawlak Weronika , Szymańska Julia , Możdżyńska Agnieszka , Musiał Lena , Grabowska Ewa , Kapłon Kamil , Pacek Katarzyna , Kamińska Izabela 
Published: April 2023

Introduction Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common chronic rheumatic disease of unknown etiology that affect children. According to the definition of JIA, the disease begins before the age of 16 and lasts more than 6 weeks. The International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) has divided juvenile idiopathic arthritis into seven categories: systemic, oligoarticular, polyarticular RF (-), polyarticular RF (+), psoriatic, enthesitis-related and undifferentiated arthritis. Purpose The aim of this review is to present the classification, etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and complications of juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Methods Literature searches in PubMed, Google Scholarship, and open source books were used to gather information. Results Complex interactions between cells of the immune system are responsible for the pathophysiology of JIA and indicate the need to divide the disease into clinical subtypes, the heterogeneity of which requires different therapeutic actions. There are many groups of drugs with different mechanisms of action used in the treatment of JIA, including: T lymphocyte inhibitors, anti-TNFα, JAK inhibitors, IL-1 and IL-6 blockers. Despite the great progress and the commitment of scientists, there is still no treatment strategy to completely stop the development of the disease. Conclusions Scientific research conducted around the world has led to the recognition of numerous pathways leading to the formation of the inflammatory process and the symptoms of JIA. Knowledge of these mechanisms allows scientists to conduct research on further drugs, the aim of which is to find a treatment strategy that prevents permanent joint damage, improves treatment results, and enables sustainable remission. It is necessary to expand knowledge about the pathways responsible for the formation of the inflammatory process, the interruption of which would allow complete inhibition of the development of the disease.
A very brief guide on how to read a report of an orthodontic clinical trial
Authors: O'Brien Kevin , Fleming Padhraig S 
Published: April 2023

Clinical trials are the accepted benchmark in the assessment of comparative effectiveness of clinical interventions. They should represent a ‘fair test’, being less exposed to the effects of bias and confounding, which risk blurring the effects of an intervention or, indeed, in prompting misleading inferences. In this short article, we summarize some of the key considerations to assist with the appraisal of clinical trial reports. In particular, we focus on aspects relating both to the conduct and reporting of orthodontic clinical trials. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Clinical trials are pivotal in informing evidence-based practice. We highlight key features that should be considered in relation to the interpretation of orthodontic trial reports.