bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On Non-Penalization SEMDOT Using Discrete Variable Sensitivities
Authors: Fu Yun-Fei , Long Kai , Rolfe Bernard 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis work proposes a non-penalization Smooth-Edged Material Distribution for Optimizing Topology (SEMDOT) algorithm, which is a typical elemental volume fraction-based topology optimization method, by adopting discrete variable sensitivities for solid, void, and assumed boundary elements instead of the continuous variable sensitivities used in the penalization one. In the proposed non-penalized SEMDOT algorithm, the material penalization scheme is eliminated. The efficiency, effectiveness, and general applicability of the proposed non-penalized algorithm are demonstrated in three case studies containing compliance minimization, compliant mechanism design, and heat conduction problems, as well as thorough comparisons with the penalized algorithm. In addition, the length scale control approach is used to solve the discontinuous boundary issue observed in thin and long structural features. The numerical results show that the convergency of the newly proposed non-penalization algorithm is stronger than the penalization algorithm, and improved results can be obtained by the non-penalized algorithm.
Imagination, endogenous attention, and mental agency
Authors: Cochrane Tom 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper develops a mechanistic account of basic mental agency by identifying similarities between two of its major exemplars: endogenous attention and imagination. Five key similarities are identified: (i) that both capacities are driven by currently prioritised goals that are either person-level or apt to become person-level. (ii) that both deliver their outputs to the working memory (iii) that both range across all and only conceptual contents; (iv) that both proceed under the guidance of norms and/or habits; and (v) that both directly activate rather than inhibit content. These five features are consolidated by proposing that basic mental agency is essentially the power to call for conceptual content and hold it within our working memories.
Do Asian Immigrants Have Better Mental Health? An Examination of Arrival Cohort and Gender in Australia
Authors: Lee Rennie , Bablani Laxman 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study examines how arrival cohort and duration of time in Australia affect the long-term mental health trajectories of Asian immigrants relative to native-born individuals in Australia. We also examine how these relationships differ by gender. Using nationally representative panel data from The Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey for 2002–2018, we find limited evidence that Asian immigrants experience declining mental health over time in Australia. Rather, we find that arrival cohort is an important predictor of long-term mental health, specifically for Asian immigrant women and recent cohorts of immigrants. By tracking mental health trajectories over time in Australia, we find variation between Asian immigrants and native-born individuals and by gender. We find that the majority of Asian immigrants in Australia report increases in their mental health over time in Australia. We also find within- and between-gender differences in mental health trajectories. Our study illustrates the importance of longitudinal data and reference categories for understanding immigrants’ health in their host countries. The findings have implications for immigration policy and its role in shaping immigrant composition and immigrants’ mental health over time in the host country.
Developing a Tool for Monitoring and Evaluating a Network Approach to Innovation: Lessons from Year 1 of the SexEdVA Disability-Inclusive Sexual Health Network (DSHN)
Authors: Hartzler-Weakley Kim , Duer Emma , McKean Kayla 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDisparities in sexual health outcomes for youth with disabilities require new and creative approaches to address the complex and often individualized barriers facing this diverse population. The Disability-inclusive Sexual Health Network (DSHN) establishes, funds, coordinates, and supports a multidisciplinary network of partners to explore, develop, test, refine, and evaluate innovative interventions that will improve optimal health, prevent teen pregnancy, and address sexually transmitted infections (STIs) for youth with disabilities in Virginia. DSHN developed the Monthly Reporting Instrument (MRI) to support communication, coordination, monitoring, and evaluation of the project, and shares findings from data collected using this tool. A mixed method analysis was conducted on data collected in year 1 using the MRI. A total of 67 MRI submissions were collected across eight DSHN Partners between March 2021 and March 2022. Analysis of the year 1 MRI data gives a rich understanding of the common barriers faced, accomplishments and progress achieved in the face of those challenges, and Partners’ relationships to the Network and each other. This paper proposes solutions to common barriers in implementing Network support and coordination activities in year 2 and reflects on the utility of the MRI as a multi-purpose tool for communication and engagement as well as monitoring and evaluating DSHN as a systems-level intervention.
Co-Regulation as a Support for Older Youth in the Context of Foster Care: a Scoping Review of the Literature
Authors: Murray Desiree W. , Rackers Hannah , Meyer Aleta , McKenzie Kelly Jedd , Malm Karin , Sepulveda Kristin , Heath Catherine 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Co-regulation is a relatively new theoretical framework for interventions that connects developmental science to adolescent needs and provides strategies that can be applied across contexts. It also has value in shifting the focus of interventions to the role of relationships and interactions with caring adults, as well as supportive environments. This framework may be particularly salient for older youth with foster care experience whose relationships with adults and availability of developmental supports are disrupted. To understand how co-regulation aligns with current understanding of needs and supports for this population, we conducted a scoping review that involved systematically searching four databases, coding and charting relevant information, and actively engaging expert consultants and other stakeholders. Across 46 primarily descriptive articles, co-regulation was discussed most often in relation to relationships, as expected (89% of articles). Despite theoretical and empirical evidence of the benefits of supportive environments and intentional day-to-day interactions in promoting developmental skills and competencies, these two domains of co-regulation were referenced much less (39% and 28%, respectively). Results highlight opportunities for co-regulation supports that can be provided to older youth with foster care experience by caring adults and near-aged peers in a wide range of roles. Notable limitations in the literature were identified in applying co-regulation within the context of employment and career readiness, healthy relationships, and teen parenting. Also under-researched is the role of adult self-regulation skills and co-regulation approaches for youth from diverse backgrounds, including those who identify as LGBTQ or have disabilities. Considerations for practice and future research are provided.
Variable selection using a smooth information criterion for distributional regression models
Authors: O’Neill Meadhbh , Burke Kevin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractModern variable selection procedures make use of penalization methods to execute simultaneous model selection and estimation. A popular method is the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, the use of which requires selecting the value of a tuning parameter. This parameter is typically tuned by minimizing the cross-validation error or Bayesian information criterion, but this can be computationally intensive as it involves fitting an array of different models and selecting the best one. In contrast with this standard approach, we have developed a procedure based on the so-called “smooth IC” (SIC) in which the tuning parameter is automatically selected in one step. We also extend this model selection procedure to the distributional regression framework, which is more flexible than classical regression modelling. Distributional regression, also known as multiparameter regression, introduces flexibility by taking account of the effect of covariates through multiple distributional parameters simultaneously, e.g., mean and variance. These models are useful in the context of normal linear regression when the process under study exhibits heteroscedastic behaviour. Reformulating the distributional regression estimation problem in terms of penalized likelihood enables us to take advantage of the close relationship between model selection criteria and penalization. Utilizing the SIC is computationally advantageous, as it obviates the issue of having to choose multiple tuning parameters.
Towards FIB-SEM Based Simulation of Pore-Scale Diffusion in SCR Catalyst Layers
Authors: Proff J. , Mail M. , Lindner A. , Scheuer A. , Bendrich M. , Quinet E. , Schuler A. , Scherer T. , Kübel C. , Votsmeier M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe diffusivity in the upper Cu-Chabazite layer of a dual layer ammonia oxidation catalyst with a lower Pt layer was investigated. In a first step, the pore structure of the upper Cu-Chabazite catalyst layer was determined by Focused Ion Beam-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FIB-SEM) slice&view tomography. From the FIB-SEM data the 3D pore structure of the catalyst was reconstructed and diffusion simulations were performed on the reconstructed pore geometry, resulting in an estimated effective diffusivity of Deff/Dgas = 0.31. To validate the FIB-SEM derived estimates of the diffusivity, measurements of CO oxidation on the dual layer catalyst were performed, where the CO was oxidized in the lower Pt-layer while the upper SCR layer served as an inactive diffusion barrier. In this way, the effective diffusivity can be determined from the measured CO conversion. An effective diffusion coefficient of Deff/Dgas = 0.11 was obtained from the CO oxidation measurements, three times lower than the value obtained from the FIB-SEM data, but in line with previous literature data for the effective diffusivity in monolith washcoat layers. Additional NH3 oxidation experiments were performed on the dual layer catalyst. The results were well reproduced by a reactor model applying the effective diffusion coefficient obtained by the CO oxidation experiments. The origin of this apparent inconsistency is currently not understood and requires further investigation.
Organization not found: Ein organisationssoziologischer Blick auf die Digitalisierung als Verwaltungsreform
Authors: Baumgart Lene , Muster Judith 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag in der Zeitschrift GIO beschäftigt sich mit der Frage nach den Schwierigkeiten von Digitalisierungsreformen in öffentlichen Verwaltungen. Der Blick wird dafür auf Verwaltungen als Organisationen gerichtet, deren formale Strukturen die Digitalisierungsreform erschweren, da steile Hierarchien und Dienstwegeregelungen mit netzwerkartigen Projektstrukturen konfligieren, agile Arbeitsweisen der Orientierung an rechtlich legitimierten Verfahren zuwiderlaufen und das Personal nicht mit den nötigen Kompetenzen ausgestattet wird. Der organisationssensible Fokus erlaubt es, nicht nur die Probleme der Strukturen zu betrachten, sondern auch deren Funktionen für den Systembestand von Verwaltungen zu berücksichtigen. So wird gezeigt, dass etwa Dienstwegeregelungen demokratische Prozesse gewährleisten und Verantwortungsdiffusion verhindern, ihre Rechtsorientierung den Verwaltungen Legitimation und Autonomie verschafft und das Personal durch seine Regeleinhaltung funktionierende Verfahren und Objektivität gewährleistet. Diese Spannungsfelder berücksichtigend, wird daher der Vorschlag gemacht, in Reformen nicht nur ihre Optimierungsfunktion zu sehen, sondern sie als Werkzeug für ein besseres Verständnis der vorherrschenden Strukturen zu nutzen. Der Beitrag gibt abschließend Fragen an die Hand, wie man sich diesem Verständnis nähern kann.
Application of distance standard deviation in functional data analysis
Authors: Krzyśko Mirosław , Smaga Łukasz 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper concerns the measurement and testing of equality of variability of functional data. We apply the distance standard deviation constructed based on distance correlation, which was recently introduced as a measure of spread. For functional data, the distance standard deviation seems to measure different kinds of variability, not only scale differences. Moreover, the distance standard deviation is just one real number, and for this reason, it is of more practical value than the covariance function, which is a more difficult object to interpret. For testing equality of variability in two groups, we propose a permutation method based on centered observations, which controls the type I error level much better than the standard permutation method. We also consider the applicability of other correlations to measure the variability of functional data. The finite sample properties of two-sample tests are investigated in extensive simulation studies. We also illustrate their use in five real data examples based on various data sets.
Appendicitis-related acute referrals to Children’s Health Ireland from Non-Specialist Paediatric Surgical Centres
Authors: Penny Zakya , Elwahab Sami Abd , O’Connor Brendan , Sweeney Brian 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Acute appendicitis is the most common surgical emergency in children. Eighty percent of paediatric appendicectomies are performed by adult general surgeons on an annual basis. The remaining 20% are performed at Children’s Health Ireland (CHI) centres. Occasionally patients are transferred from Non-Specialist Paediatric Surgical Centres (NSPSC) for specialised pre-operative or post-operative care.

Aim
To assess the rates of and characterise appendicitis-related referrals to CHI at Crumlin from NSPSC.

Methods
A retrospective review of all appendicitis-related transfers to CHI at Crumlin between January 2020 and December 2021 was performed. Data relating to indications for transfer, referring hospital level, patient demographics, management, type of surgery, length of stay (LOS), and radiological studies were collected and analysed.

Results
Seventy-two patients were transferred to CHI at Crumlin over the 2-year period. A total of 60.9% were male, mean age 9 ± 4.3 years, mean LOS 6.0 ± 2.2 days (range 1–30 days). Nineteen percent were under 5 years of age. Seventy-three percent were transferred from level 4 centres. Ninety-seven percent were transferred pre-operatively, 25% of those transferred pre-operatively had imaging in CHI confirming appendicitis. Fifty-five percent (40/72) of patients had pre-operative imaging performed. A total of 37.5% (15/40) confirmed complicated appendicitis. Twenty percent (8/40) underwent both ultrasound and computerised tomography (CT) at the referring centre. A total of 2.7% (2/72) were transferred with known co-morbidities. Ninety-two percent (66/72) underwent appendicectomy. Eight percent (6/72) were managed non-operatively (NOM) — 2 failed NOM, 2 underwent interval appendicectomy. Of those managed operatively, 76% (50/66) underwent laparoscopic appendicectomy, and 24% (16/66) were performed open.

Conclusion
The majority of paediatric appendicectomies are performed at Non-Specialist Paediatric Surgical Centres. It is vital to maintain this working relationship so that specialist paediatric centres are available to provide care to complex paediatric patients.
Is a History of Seizures an Important Risk Factor for Sudden Cardiac Death in Young Athletes?
Authors: Paratz Elizabeth D. , Scheffer Ingrid E. , Semsarian Christopher 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This review examines the significance of seizures in young athletes and the complex inter-relationship between seizures, epilepsy, and sudden cardiac death.

Recent Findings
A history of seizures may reflect a diagnosis of epilepsy, which should be medically optimized for athletic participation. Epilepsy is associated with sudden unexplained cardiac death (sudden unexplained death in epilepsy, SUDEP), with multiple genetic links identified to define some patients as experiencing a “cardiocerebral channelopathy.” It is also important to consider that a history of seizures may reflect a misdiagnosis of cardiac syncope, requiring careful cardiac evaluation and risk stratification.

Summary
A history of seizures in a young athlete is important to characterize fully and investigate as required. The association of seizures with young sudden cardiac death is still under investigation.
Using semantic Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing (GD &T) information from STEP AP242 neutral exchange files for robotic applications
Authors: Mohammed Shafi Khurieshi , Arbo Mathias Hauan , Tingelstad Lars 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis article proposes the use of Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing (GD &T) information from STEP AP242 for robotic manufacturing applications. This information can be directly added to the relevant features of the 3D model as per Model Based Definition methodology during the design phase of the product life cycle. STEP AP242 neutral exchange files enable the availability of product definition at the downstream operations, thus completing the Digital Thread as part of Industry 4.0 practices. This article discusses two methods; using custom Unicode strings and the standard entities; for including GD &T using the STEP AP242 Edition 2 neutral file exchange format. A method to form a single Unicode string to add all the GD &T information to the STEP files is described in this paper. The GD &T information in the Unicode string is fully semantic and can easily be parsed to extract the relevant PMI for tolerance analysis. A novel process of extracting and interpreting the relevant PMI for robotic manufacturing applications is described in detail. This article discusses various applications of this information for robotic manufacturing through two use-cases using the second edition of the STEP AP242 standard.
Researchers’ strategies to cope with the covid-19 impact on their activity
Authors: Sala-Bubaré Anna , Castelló Montserrat , Corcelles Mariona , Suñé-Soler Núria 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study aims to characterize the strategies researchers used to cope with Covid-19 impact and to explore the relationship between those strategies, researchers’ characteristics and the pandemic impact in their lives. 721 researchers, proportionally distributed among three Spanish regions, answered an online survey on the pandemic impact on their activity. Scales referred to social support, productivity, research tasks, working conditions, and work and personal life balance. An open-ended section was included to collect the strategies they used to cope with the pandemic consequences. 1528 strategies were content analysed and categorised based on their purposes and related to the rest of the impact variables. Results show the predominance of some strategies for the whole sample both at the work level, such as organizing work duties and plans, and at the personal level, such as maintaining life-work balance and improving personal well-being. Results stress to what extent a strategic approach contributed to minimize contextual issues or constraints even in an extreme situation as the Covid-19 pandemic and lockdown. A non-strategic approach, consisting of just reacting emotionally or dropping research, was the less effective way to maintain interest in research, sustained work and productivity and to warrant work-life balance. Developing a strategic approach was easier for those without caring responsibilities and for men. Women in our study, especially with caring responsibilities, had reduced opportunities to continue with their careers during the pandemic. No evidence of institutional strategies supporting researchers to cope with the situation was found.
Orthogonal projection for anomaly detection in networking datasets
Authors: Cortes-Polo David , Jimenez Luis I. , Paoletti Mercedes E. , Calle-Cancho Jesus , Rico-Gallego Juan A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn recent years, the impressive growth of new wireless technologies, together with the appearance of new requirements in applications and services, is progressively changing the use of networks. Due to the high mobility required, the network must adapt to the infrastructure to meet the demands of the users. As a result, service providers currently have to over-provision network capacity, which is costly. In addition, considering efficient resource planning in advance involves a lot of labor-intensive efforts. Consequently, network usage analysis is a very useful tool that allows network administrators to find patterns and anomalies. Whilst pattern detection provides administrators the ability to define the infrastructure, anomaly detection provides rich and valuable information for certain applications, for example, to avoid network saturation in urban areas during peak hours. This article proposes a new methodology based on orthogonal projections over Call Detail Records (CDR) for anomaly detection to help in the dynamic management of the network in an urban area. The method is evaluated in a real scenario provided by an Italian telecommunications operator, considering different locations in the Milan metropolitan area, differentiated by the geographic resolution of the data, reaching F1 scores above 0.8. In addition, a new ground truth is presented, hoping it will become a reference data set for the community, in the form of a set of locations that have been corroborated for use in evaluating anomaly detection techniques.
Indicator of suitability for evaluating the aquifer thermal energy storage using the GIS-based MCDA technique in the Halabja-Khurmal sub-basin
Authors: Rauf Lanja F. , Ali Salahalddin S. , Al-Ansari Nadhir 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThermal energy is one of the eco-friendly sources of energy used worldwide for storing heat and cold between seasons. The aquifer thermal energy storage system effectively reduces carbon dioxide emission gas in the Halabja governorate. It is an economical way to be used in cooling and heating applications. This study evaluates the suitability of aquifer thermal energy storage in the Halabja-Khurmal sub-basin. Six critical criteria were selected: the type of aquifers, groundwater recharge, fresh/saline groundwater, groundwater quality, seepage velocity, and mean annual temperature by applying decision-maker judgment. The hydrogeological and climate criteria analysis combination has a consistency ratio of 0.008 in AHP. As a result, the Aquifer thermal energy storage suitability map in the Halabja-Khurmal sub-basin displays a surface area of 62.1% as strongly suitable, 7.7% as suitable in northern and southern parts, 29.2% as weakly suitable in southwestern, east, southeast, and northeast, and 1% as not suitable for aquifer thermal energy storage system.