bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The challenges of urban family physician program over the past decade in Iran: A scoping review and qualitative study with policy-makers
Authors: Lankarani Kamran Bagheri , Honarvar Behnam , Shahabi Saeed , Zarei Fatemeh , Hedayati Maryam , Fardid Mojgan , Rafiei Fatemeh , Nejad Soheila Rafiei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Despite all the advantages of urban family physician program (UFPP), there is still a gap between UFPP and what is actually achieved by the community after its implementation in Iran. In response, this study attempted to review published studies related to the barriers to the implementation of the UFPP in Iran as well as potential solutions to improve it. Further, a qualitative study was conducted to learn the perspectives of experts at the national level and in the Fars province in order to better understand the program's challenges. Methods This study was conducted in two phases. First, a scoping review was done, aiming to identify the common barriers and potential solutions to implementing UFPP in Iran. Second, a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews was conducted to investigate the views of decision- and policy-makers regarding barriers to and solutions for implementing the UFPP in the Fars province over the last decade. The findings were classified using the five control knobs framework (Organization, financing, payment, regulation, and behavior). Results The most common barriers to UFPP were: 1) organization (ununited stewardship function of the Ministry of Health, weak management and planning, inadequate training of human resources, and a weak referral system); 2) financing (fragmented insurance funds, insufficient financial resources, and instability of financial resources); 3) payment (inappropriate payment mechanisms and delay in payments); 4) regulation (cumbersome laws and unclear laws); and 5) behavior (cultural problems and conflict of interests). On the other hand, several solutions were identified to improve the implementation of UFPP, including: enhancing the role of government; improving the referral system; providing comprehensive training for UFPP providers; considering sustainable financial resources; moving towards mixed-payment mechanisms; employing appropriate legal and regulatory frameworks; enhancing community awareness; and elevating incentive mechanisms. Conclusion Our research found that, despite the UFPP having been in place for a decade in Iran, there are still significant challenges in all five components. Therefore, the promotion of this program requires solving the existing implementation challenges in order to achieve the predetermined goals. The ideas in this study can be used to improve the current program in Fars Province and bring it to other cities in Iran.
SLAMR, a synaptically targeted lncRNA, facilitates the consolidation of contextual fear memory
Authors: Espadas Isabel , Wingfield Jenna , Brinman Eddie , Ghosh Ilika , Chanda Kaushik , Nakahata Yoshihisa , Bauer Karl , Raveendra Bindu , Kiebler Michael , Yasuda Ryohei , Rangaraju Vidhya , Puthanveettil Sathyanarayanan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
LncRNAs are involved in critical processes for cell homeostasis and function. However, it remains largely unknown whether and how the transcriptional regulation of long noncoding RNAs results in activity-dependent changes at the synapse and facilitate formation of long-term memories. Here, we report the identification of a novel lncRNA, SLAMR, that becomes enriched in CA1- but not in CA3-hippocampal neurons upon contextual fear conditioning. SLAMR is transported to dendrites via the molecular motor KIF5C and recruited to the synapse in response to stimulation. Loss of function of SLAMR reduced dendritic complexity and impaired activity-dependent changes in spine structural plasticity. Interestingly, the gain of function of SLAMR enhanced dendritic complexity, and spine density through enhanced translation. Analyses of the SLAMR interactome revealed its association with CaMKIIα protein through a 220-nucleotide element and its modulation of CaMKIIα phosphorylation. Furthermore, loss-of-function of SLAMR in CA1 selectively impairs consolidation without altering acquisition, recall, and extinction of fear memory or spatial memory. Together, these results establish a new mechanism for activity dependent changes at the synapse and consolidation of contextual fear memory.
A model predicting postoperative survival less than the natural lifespan of hilar cholangiocarcinoma: a multicenter study evaluating surgery necessity.
Authors: Hu Feng , Li Yuan-Cheng , Yin Xiu-Bi , Fan Hai-Ning , Zhang Leida , Liu Xing-Chao , Li Liangshan , Zhang Cheng-Cheng , Chen Zhi-Yu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background For patients suffering from hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA), it would be no sense if radical surgery didn’t result in better survival than natural lifespan. Therefore, establishing a model predicting postoperative survival less than natural lifespan may assist in surgery decision-making. Methods HCCA patients receiving radical surgery from three centers were enrolled retrospectively. Twelve months was designated the natural lifespan of HCCA, and patients were divided into long-term survival (LTS) and short-term survival (STS) groups by this cutoff value. A nomogram was established from a randomly selected training cohort comprised of 70% of patients and verified on the validation cohort comprised of the remaining 30%. The model was internally validated using 5-fold cross-validation. Decision curve analysis (DCA) and calibration curve were also used to assess the model. In-hospital costs of both groups were compared. Results Out of 245 patients, 67 (27%) had STS, with a mean survival time of 5.67 months, while 178 (73%) had LTS, with a mean survival time of 33.03 months. Among the STS group, 17 died of complications, and the others died of recurrence. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that risk factors for STS were age (OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.00-1.11), malnutrition (OR: 3.01, 95% CI: 1.12–8.07), CA125 (OR: 1.01, 95% CI: 1.00-1.02), vascular invasion (OR: 3.50, 95% CI: 1.33–9.21), poor differentiation (OR: 8.51, 95% CI: 2.38–30.44) and lymph node metastasis (OR: 5.04, 95% CI: 1.73–14.66). The C-index of nomogram was 0.834. DCA convinced the power of our model. The in-hospital cost of the STS group was higher than that of the LTS group (mean, 169250.8 and 138118.0, respectively,P = 0.006). Conclusions A model predicting poor prognosis could avoid unnecessary surgery and provide postoperative treatment references.
Ultrahigh mobility semiconducting epitaxial graphene on silicon carbide
Authors: Zhao Jian , Ji Peixuan , Li Yaqi , Lo Rui , Zhang Kaimin , Tian Hao , Yu Kaichen , Hao Luzhen , Bian Boyue , Xiao Xue , Moro Ramiro , Ma Lei , de Heer Walt 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Epigraphene, which is graphene that is epitaxially grown on a single crystal silicon carbide (SiC) substrate, was proposed as a path to extend Moore’s roadmap beyond silicon at the beginning of the millennium. Despite considerable progress, the lack of a bandgap in graphene and steps on the substrate continued to be roadblocks. Here we show a new method to produce millimeter scale step-free terraces covered with a graphene-like interface that is bonded to the SiC surface. This so-called buffer layer is found to be two-dimensional semiconducting epigraphene (SEG) with a 0.6 eV bandgap and a room temperature mobility exceeding 4000 cm2V-1s-1, which surpasses all current 2D single layer semiconductors by a factor of 10. A top-gated SEG field-effect transistor demonstrates an on-to-off ratio of 104 which is suitable for digital electronics. In addition, we also find that hydrogen intercalation converts SEG into a high-mobility semi-metallic epigraphene monolayer that can be seamlessly integrated with SEG. Centimeter scale mean free paths are observed in the epigraphene edge state of this quasi-freestanding monolayer, which is by a factor of 1000, the largest room temperature electronic mean free path observed in any material.
MerlinS13 phosphorylation controls meningioma Wnt signaling and magnetic resonance imaging features
Authors: Eaton Charlotte , Avalos Lauro , Liu S. John , Casey-clyde Tim , Bisignano Paola , Lucas Calixto-Hope , Stevenson Erica , Choudhury Abrar , Vasudevan Harish , Magill Stephen , Krogan Nevan , Villanueva-Meyer Javier , Swaney Danielle , Raleigh David 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Meningiomas are the most common primary intracranial tumors and are associated with inactivation of the tumor suppressor NF2/Merlin, but one-third of meningiomas retain Merlin expression and typically have favorable clinical outcomes. Biochemical mechanisms underlying Merlin-intact meningioma growth are incompletely understood, and non-invasive biomarkers that predict meningioma outcomes and could be used to guide treatment de-escalation or imaging surveillance of Merlin-intact meningiomas are lacking. Here we integrate single-cell RNA sequencing, proximity-labeling proteomic mass spectrometry, mechanistic and functional approaches, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) across meningioma cells, xenografts, and human patients to define biochemical mechanisms and an imaging biomarker that distinguish Merlin-intact meningiomas with favorable clinical outcomes from meningiomas with unfavorable clinical outcomes. We find Merlin drives meningioma Wnt signaling and tumor growth through a feed-forward mechanism that requires Merlin dephosphorylation on serine 13 (S13) to attenuate inhibitory interactions with β-catenin and activate the Wnt pathway. Meningioma MRI analyses of xenografts and human patients show Merlin-intact meningiomas with S13 phosphorylation and favorable clinical outcomes are associated with high apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on diffusion-weighted imaging. In sum, our results shed light on Merlin posttranslational modifications that regulate meningioma Wnt signaling and tumor growth in tumors without NF2/Merlin inactivation. To translate these findings to clinical practice, we establish a non-invasive imaging biomarker that could be used to guide treatment de-escalation or imaging surveillance for patients with favorable meningiomas.
Efficient identification of parameter space structure with Modified Metropolis-Hastings algorithm
Authors: Dawes Adriana , Kravtsova Natalia , Chamberlin Helen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Mathematical models of natural processes rely on parameter values to produce scientifically meaningful simulation behaviour such as bistability or oscillations. Frequently, the parameter values cannot be estimated from experimental data and have to be randomly selected and then evaluated whether they satisfy system constraints. Evaluating these constraints for a randomly chosen vector of parameter values can be computationally very costly, preventing efficient learning of the model parameter space. We propose a novel application of a Markov chain methodology to generate a large number of parameter vectors for high-dimensional models with potentially complicated parameter space structures. The method is based on a modification of the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm which learns the parameter space as the chain progresses, reducing unnecessary evaluations of model constraints and resulting in many working parameter vectors that generate a desired model behaviour. We show that the method outperforms commonly used parameter generating schemes in terms of speed and accuracy of parameter space learning. Further, we demonstrate how the learned parameter space can be used to identify bistability mechanisms in a model of protein phosphorylation. The method can be applied to any mathematical or computational models for efficient parameter generation and discovery of underlying parameter space structure.
Aging with My Family: A Grounded Theory on the Role of Family when Aging as Foreign-born
Authors: Zhou Anna , Hellström Ingrid , Roos Susanne , Ranada Åsa Larsson 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Research indicates that it is the quality of the closest relationships in the mixture of social relations that matters most for older adults. For older foreign-born, especially those who migrate late in life, the family is often the only socioeconomical resource they can lean on. This study aims to explore how older foreign-born perceive the role of family as they age.
Methods
The study design is grounded theory. Data consist of individual open-ended interviews with 15 foreign-born informants aged between 60 and 85 years old who migrated to Sweden as adults from different parts of the world.
Results
The findings demonstrate that family was an essential part of the informants’ lives as they lived for their families and their families lived for them. Family solidarity was described as a cultural heritage they took over from their original families and a cultural heritage they wished to pass on to their future generations. They found that this was what separated them as foreign-born from native-born. Memories of their parents reminded them of their biological, social, and cultural heritages. The intimate relationship with their spouses in a life course had served as a source of validation of their individual identities and promoted personal growth and self-esteem. The role as a loving and caring parent entailed a sense of accomplishment and satisfaction for the life lived. And now as grandparents, the role as a link between the family’s historical heritage and the future generation entailed not only a sense of coherence as they aged but also hope and meaning beyond their own lives.
Conclusions
The informants experienced life satisfaction as they aged with their families, which had been an indispensable part of their social identity. The family was where they found the roles that had defined them and their deepest human needs of self-esteem and sense of belonging. The findings suggest that older foreign-born should be regarded more as resourceful individuals with familial and generational perspectives rather than merely a vulnerable target group in statistics for social and economic interventions.
Water jet guided high-power laser energy transmission loss analysis
Authors: Zhen Zhao , Zhang Guanghui , Huang Yuxing , Zhou Jia , Shi Tielin , Lin Ze , Yang Xiaoqing , Jiao Hui , Long Yuhong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Water jet-guided laser is a new type of processing technology. With the continuous emergence of high hardness, high strength materials and the demand for high-efficiency processing, water jet coupled high power laser has become an inevitable trend in the development of the water-guided laser, and high-power laser energy and water jet coupling transmission and processing process will bring a series of problems such as transmission loss, these will become one of the key issues limiting the development of this technology. Therefore, studying the transmission loss of high-power laser energy guided by water jets is necessary. In this paper, we address this problem by numerically solving Maxwell's set of equations using the finite element (FEM) method and performing wave optical simulations of high-power laser transmission in a water jet to obtain the electric field distribution of the laser beam in the water jet, and explore the relationship between laser wavelength, laser spot diameter, water jet diameter and length, and laser energy loss. Finally, laser energy transfer efficiency measurement experiments were conducted to verify the model's validity by comparing it with simulation data. The study's results will provide some implications for regulating the transmission efficiency of high-power lasers in water jets.
Evaluation of the special ocular surface characteristics in Asian blepharokeratoconjunctivitis related Meibomian gland dysfunction patients
Authors: Wei Jing , Zhang Ji , Zhang Yue , Xu Ting , Song E 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate special ocular surface characteristics in Asian meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD) of blepharokeratoconjunctivitis(BKC) patients.
Method
Seventy-eight consecutive patients with MGD related BKC and 78 age- and sex-matched simple MGD subjects were enrolled. Medical history, Meibum quality, Meibomian gland expressiblity, Meibomian gland dropout and morphology changes, lid margin and ocular surface characteristics were evaluated under slit-lamp illumination.
Results
All clinical parameters were worse in the MGD related BKC group than in the MGD group (all P < 0.001). Meibomian gland dropout was higher in the MGD related MGD group (P < 0.001), and the dropout was not associated with age. The main changes of Meibomian gland changes were that the length of gland became shorter and optical density became lower in MGD related group than in the MGD group (all P < 0.001).
Conclusion
MGD related BKC was a special severe MGD, mixed characters of MGD with associated ocular surface damage and MGD related evaporative dry eye. Recurrent chalazia history, severe Meibomian gland dropout, Marx line antedisplacement and worse lip wiper epitheliopathy were useful characteristics contributing to diagnose MGD related BKC.
PTEN acts as a metabolic checkpoint molecule in mature B cells to suppress TLR9-mediated inflammation
Authors: Tsai Pei-Ju , Hsu Wei-Chan , Chen Ming-Yu , Chan Po-Chiang , Kao Cheng-Yuan , Lin Wen-Jye , Chuang Tsung-Hsien , Lin Su-Fang , Yu Guann-Yi , Su Yu-Wen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a negative regulator for PI3K signaling essential for B cell development. To explore the physiological effects of PTEN mutation on peripheral B cells, we generated CD23/cre-PTENFlox/Flox (CD23-cKO) mice in this study to avoid the developmental arrest. The mutant mice develop systemic inflammation associated with B cell expansion in the early phase followed with a severe immune cell-infiltration in multiple vital organs. PTEN deficiency leads to an accumulation of PI(3)P, an increase of lysosomal recruitment of TLR9/p38 complex, and an aberrant activation of TLR9/IL-6 axis in B cells. Interestingly, cholesterol biosynthesis pathway is upregulated in mutant cells upon TLR9 engagement. A blockade of cholesterol biosynthesis by targeting SQLE greatly reduces the level of PI(3)P and the interaction between TLR9 and p38, which lowers the level of TLR9-induced IL-6. Thus, PTEN represents a critical metabolic checkpoint that fine-tunes lipid and cholesterol homeostasis to control TLR9-driven inflammation.
Small Molecule Regulators of microRNAs Identified by High-Throughput Screen Coupled with High-Throughput Sequencing
Authors: Krichevsky Anna , Nguyen Lien , Wei Zhiyun , Silva M. , Barberán-Soler Sergio , Rabinovsky Rosalia , Muratore Christina , Stricker Jonathan , Hortman Colin , Young-Pearse Tracy , Haggarty Stephen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate fundamental biological processes by silencing mRNA targets and are dysregulated in many diseases. Therefore, miRNA replacement or inhibition can be harnessed as potential therapeutics. However, existing strategies for miRNA modulation using oligonucleotides and gene therapies are challenging, especially for neurological diseases, and none have yet gained clinical approval. We explore a different approach by screening a biodiverse library of small molecule compounds for their ability to modulate hundreds of miRNAs in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons. We demonstrate the utility of the screen by identifying cardiac glycosides as potent inducers of miR-132, a key miRNA downregulated in Alzheimer’s disease and other tauopathies. Coordinately, cardiac glycosides downregulate known miR-132 targets, including Tau, and protect rodent and human neurons against various toxic insults. More generally, our dataset of 1370 drug-like compounds and their effects on the miRNome provide a valuable resource for further miRNA-based drug discovery.
Sending love or risking trouble: Exploring sexting behaviors among university students.
Authors: Manu Adom , Anaba Emmanuel Anongeba , Ahiataku Doreenda Enyonam 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background:
Young people involved in sexting are predisposed to risky sexual behaviours, poor psychological well-being, and cyberbullying. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of sexting and associated factors among undergraduate students in Ghana.
Method:
We conducted a cross-sectional survey among 652 undergraduate students at the University of Ghana.
Results:
The prevalence of sexting was 48% for sending, 69% for receiving and 35% for two-way sexting. Participants aged 20–24 years (AOR = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.35–0.95) had a lower likelihood of sending sexually suggestive pictures compared with those aged 17–19 years. Females (AOR = 0.47; 95% CI: 0.32–0.70) were 52% less likely to send sexually suggestive pictures compared with males. Also, second year (Level 200) students (AOR = 0.48; 95% CI: 0.25–0.94) had lower odds of sending sexually suggestive pictures compared with first year (Level 100) students.
Conclusion:
Therefore, effective interventions are crucial to help promote the sexual health and well-being of undergraduate students.
Helicobacter pylori and hypertension: a cross-sectional study based on a healthy population
Authors: YANG Ping , Shi Wei , Liu Hai , Wang Chi , Wang shuai , Wang Bin , Huang Rong , huang guanhua 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this study, we aimed to clarify whether H. pylori infection is associated with the prevalence of hypertension in the Inner Mongolia crowds and whether gender and age affect the relationship between helicobacter pylori and hypertension. We collected physical examination data from 10,517 people in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College from January to December in 2020. The study population was divided into three layers according to blood pressure and H. pylori infection status. We found the patients that infected with H. pylori were associated with blood pressure. And the infection rate of H. pylori in patients with hypertension is higher than that in non-hypertensive individuals. Otherwise, Gender and age influence the relationship between helicobacter pylori and hypertension. In the hypertensive population, H. pylori infection rates are higher in males than in females. In additional, the hypertensive with H. pylori-infected population, the degree of H. pylori infection was lower in young adults than in middle-aged adultsand the elderly.People with established hypertension, men are more likely to be infected with H. pylori and to have more severe infections. In contrast, the degree of H. pylori infection is lower in young peoplethan in other people in people with hypertension and infected with H. pylori.