bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NH3-detecting room temperature PANI-TiO2-based flexible gas sensor with EIS-validated sensing mechanism
Authors: Jain Aakanksha , Gautam Shivam Kumar , Panda Siddhartha 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
PANI-metal oxide nanocomposites have been studied extensively to improve sensor performance at room temperature. To date, researchers have utilized PANI-TiO2 for sensing NH3, but no elucidation of the sensing mechanism has been reported. In this research work, PANI-TiO2 nanocomposite-based flexible gas sensor for detecting NH3, operating at room temperature, has been investigated. The novelty lies in elucidating the sensing mechanism using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study. Effects of the operating temperature and different humidity levels of the CDA environment on the sensing parameters of the devices are also studied. PANI-TiO2 (10 wt% TiO2 with respect to aniline) device showed the best response of 9.88% against 2 ppm of NH3 at 21 °C. The sensor can detect NH3 as low as 2 ppm within 10 seconds. A low deviation of 3.5% in sensor response after 100 bending cycles was observed. Further, the sensor maintained a near-consistent response even after seven months of fabrication. Moreover, linearity was observed in the I-V analysis, providing further evidence that devices are ohmic. Furthermore, the contributions of the bulk, grain boundary, depletion region, and resistance between the electrode and the sensing film in the sensor response were identified by the EIS studies.
Dynamic survivability in oscillator systems
Authors: Sun Zhongkui , Wang Yuexin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Whether the dynamic systems can display normal performance or complete key mission is the hot spot in recent years. In accordance with this, dynamic survivability is defined for the first time and mission-completion-probability is given as an index in this study. Taking the behavior of diffusively coupled oscillator systems with Erdös-Rényi random graph and Barabási-Albert scale-free network structures as examples, we show the network structures, systems’ parameters and attack strategies exhibit a profound influence on the dynamic survivability. Erdös-Rényi random graph and Barabási-Albert scale-free systems display better or worse dynamic survivability under different attack strategies respectively. Our outcomes fill the gap in the survivability study and are helpful for enhancing the dynamic survivability of real systems.
Uncovering the attributes of Bi2O3-CdO-TeO2 glasses: examining their structural, optical, and gamma ray shielding properties
Authors: Al-Otaibi Jamelah S , Kumar Ashok , Mahmoud K G , Almuqrin Aljawhara H , Sayyed M I 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The present work deals with the fabrication of Bi2O3-CdO-TeO2 glasses using the melt quenching technique. XRD determines the amorphous nature, while the FTIR technique provides information about the molecular vibrations present in a sample. To understand the optical properties of the glass, UV–Vis absorption spectra in the 200–800 nm range and Tauc’s plot method to determine the indirect allowed band gap energies are used. The band gap energy decreases as the concentration of Bi2O3 is increasing. Additionally, Monte Carlo (MC) simulation technique has been used to assess the linear attenuation coefficient (μ). The evaluation demonstrates an improvement in μ by 12% and 7%, respectively at 0.15 MeV and 0.662 MeV with increasing the Bi2O3 concentration from 45 mol% to 60 mol%. The half-value thickness (Δ0.5) and lead equivalent thickness (Δeq) of the fabricated samples marginally improved by the minor increase in μ in the mid-gamma energy region. The fabricated samples have applications in the field of gamma-ray shielding.
Aemulus ν: precise predictions for matter and biased tracer power spectra in the presence of neutrinos
Authors: DeRose Joseph , Kokron Nickolas , Banerjee Arka , Chen Shi-Fan , White Martin , Wechsler Risa , Storey-Fisher Kate , Tinker Jeremy , Zhai Zhongxu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We present the Aemulus
ν simulations: a suite of 150 (1.05 h-1 Gpc)3
N-body simulations with a mass resolution of 3.51 × 1010 Ω
cb
/0.3 h-1
M
⊙ in a wνCDM cosmological parameter space. The simulations have been explicitly designed to span a broad range in σ
8 to facilitate investigations of tension between large scale structure and cosmic microwave background cosmological probes. Neutrinos are treated as a second particle species to ensure accuracy to 0.5 eV, the maximum neutrino mass that we have simulated. By employing Zel'dovich control variates, we increase the effective volume of our simulations by factors of 10-105 depending on the statistic in question. As a first application of these simulations, we build new hybrid effective field theory and matter power spectrum surrogate models, demonstrating that they achieve ≤ 1% accuracy for k ≤ 1 hMpc-1 and 0 ≤ z ≤ 3, and ≤ 2% accuracy for k ≤ 4 hMpc-1 for the matter power spectrum. We publicly release the trained surrogate models, and estimates of the surrogate model errors in the hope that they will be broadly applicable to a range of cosmological analyses for many years to come.
Investigating the gamma-ray burst from decaying MeV-scale axion-like particles produced in supernova explosions
Authors: Müller Eike , Calore Francesca , Carenza Pierluca , Eckner Christopher , Marsh M.C. David 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We investigate the characteristics of the gamma-ray signal following the decay of MeV-scale Axion-Like Particles (ALPs) coupled to photons which are produced in a Supernova (SN) explosion.
This analysis is the first to include the production of heavier ALPs through the photon coalescence process, enlarging the mass range of ALPs that could be observed in this way and giving a stronger bound from the observation of SN 1987A.
Furthermore, we present a new analytical method for calculating the predicted gamma-ray signal from ALP decays. With this method we can rigorously prove the validity of an approximation that has been used in some of the previous literature, which we show here to be valid only if all gamma rays arrive under extremely small observation angles (i.e. very close to the line of sight to the SN). However, it also shows where the approximation is not valid, and offers an efficient alternative to calculate the ALP-induced gamma-ray flux in a general setting when the observation angles are not guaranteed to be small.
We also estimate the sensitivity of the Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT) to this gamma-ray signal from a future nearby SN and show that in the case of a non-observation the current bounds on the ALP-photon coupling gaγ
are strengthened by about an order of magnitude.
In the case of an observation, we show that it may be possible to reconstruct the product gaγ

2
ma
, with ma
the mass of the ALP.
Effect of resonant magnetic perturbations including toroidal sidebands on magnetic footprints and fast ion losses in HL-2M
Authors: Hao G.Z. , Dong G.Q. , Liu Y.Q. , Xu Y.H. , Zhao Y.F. , Wang S. , He H.D. , Xue M. , Li Z.J. , Li J.X. , Li C.Y. , Wang L. , Xu J.Q. , Chen W. , Cai L.J. , Zhong W.L. , Xu M. , Duan X.R. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Externally applied resonant magnetic perturbations (RMPs), generated by magnetic coils located outside the plasma (referred to as RMP coils), provide an effective way to control the edge localized mode (ELM) in tokamak devices. Due to the discrete nature of the toroidal distribution of these window-frame coils, toroidal sidebands always exist together with the fundamental harmonics designed for ELM control. In this work, the MARS-F code (Liu et al 2000 Phys. Plasmas
7 3681) is applied to investigate the detailed features of the RMP spectra considering both the dominant harmonic (n = 2) and the associated sideband (n = 6), and the impact of the combined fields on magnetic footprints as well as on the fast ion losses for a reference double-null scenario in the HL-2M device. It is found that the sum of the n = 2 and n = 6 RMP fields splits the footprint and widens the footprint area, as compared to the single-n (n = 2) harmonic case. The resistive plasma response breaks the up–down symmetry of the footprint pattern on the outer divertor plates, which is otherwise symmetric assuming vacuum RMP fields. Considering fast ion losses, a threshold value exists for the initially launched radial position of test particles, as well as for the RMP coil current, before the loss occurs. When the threshold criterion is satisfied, the combined n = 2 and n = 6 RMP fields enhance the fast ion loss rate by

∼

20
%

, as compared to that of the n = 2 component alone. These results illustrate the important role of the sideband of RMP fields on the magnetic footprints and fast ion losses in tokamak plasmas.
Development of Time Projection Chamber prototype integrated with UV laser tracks for the future circular e+e- collider
Authors: She X. , Qi H.R. , Chang Y. , Yu L.W. , Dai H.L. , Zhang J.X. , Zhang J. , Deng Z. , Wu L.H. , Li G. , Ruan M.Q. , Wang J.C. , Chen Y.B. , Yu C.X. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) has been proposed as a Higgs and a high luminosity Z factory in the last few years.
The baseline detector concept design consists of a Time Projection Chamber (TPC) as the main tracker detector, which needs the high precision spatial resolution of approximately 100 μm in rφ direction over the whole the drift length.
There will be no power-pulsing mode in the future circular colliders, the specific limitations of the detector requirements should be considered at the high luminosity Z pole.
Several critical issues remain regarding the TPC R&D.
The physics goals require particle identification (PID) resolution to be considered using the cluster counting method.
The updated simulation results of the PID resolution demonstrate the potential of TPC technology to fit Z-pole running at CEPC.
To meet the physics requirements for the tracker detector in CEPC, a TPC prototype integrated with an ultraviolet laser track system has been developed.
The prototype consists of several horizontal laser tracks around the TPC detector chamber with a drift length of 500 mm, the fast electronics readout of 1280 channels, a 20000 V field-cage, a double-layer GEM detector with 200 × 200 mm2 active area and a DAQ system.
The spatial resolution, dE/dx resolution, and drift velocity were studied and analyzed using the TPC prototype and the 266 nm UV laser tracks.
Some updated experimental results, including the spatial resolution, the laser track reconstruction, and dE/dx resolution have been obtained.
By using the pseudo full-length track to evaluate the full-size TPC with 220 layers at CEPC, the dE/dx resolution was estimated to be about 3.4%.
All results indicates that this TPC prototype integrated with UV laser tracks has been successfully developed to meet the updated CEPC physics requirements.
Cytocompatible and osteoinductive cotton cellulose nanofiber/chitosan nanobiocomposite scaffold for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Zanette Rafaella de Souza Salomão , Fayer Leonara , Vasconcellos Rebecca , de Oliveira Luiz Fernando Cappa , Maranduba Carlos Magno da Costa , de Alvarenga Érika Lorena Fonseca Costa , Martins Maria Alice , Brandão Humberto de Mello , Munk Michele 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Natural polymeric nanobiocomposites hold promise in repairing damaged bone tissue in tissue engineering. These materials create an extracellular matrix (ECM)-like microenvironment that induces stem cell differentiation. In this study, we investigated a new cytocompatible nanobiocomposite made from cotton cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) combined with chitosan polymer to induce osteogenic stem cell differentiation. First, we characterized the chemical composition, nanotopography, swelling properties, and mechanical properties of the cotton CNF/chitosan nanobiocomposite scaffold. Then, we examined the biological characteristics of the nanocomposites to evaluate their cytocompatibility and osteogenic differentiation potential using human mesenchymal stem cells derived from exfoliated deciduous teeth. The results showed that the nanobiocomposite exhibited favorable cytocompatibility and promoted osteogenic differentiation of cells without the need for chemical inducers, as demonstrated by the increase in alkaline phosphatase activity and ECM mineralization. Therefore, the cotton CNF/chitosan nanobiocomposite scaffold holds great promise for bone tissue engineering applications.
Sufficiency in passenger transport and its potential for lowering energy demand
Authors: Arnz M , Krumm A 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Prior research suggests that energy demand-side interventions have a large potential in climate change mitigation, connected to co-benefits in human well-being and several Sustainable Development Goals. However, it is challenging to translate such strategies into local and sectoral realities. We explore sufficiency futures for German passenger transport, a sector that is assumed to further grow in most studies, to analyse demand reduction potentials. In an interdisciplinary research design, we collect 133 diverse drivers of change of which we construct three sufficiency storylines. We translate them into parameters of the aggregated transport model quetzal_germany and quantify it through an expert survey. Results indicate that passenger transport energy demand can be lowered by up to 73%, while pointing at the various cultural, political, economic, technological, and organisational developments that are responsible for this change and show co-benefits for well-being. The comparison to global low energy demand studies suggests that our results lie between two boundaries: the absolute minimum for decent living standards and the most ambitious illustrative modelling pathway in the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report. This work bridges the gap between ambitious climate targets from a global perspective and corresponding system design requirements in the local context.
A metriplectic formulation of polarized radiative transfer
Authors: Bosboom V , Kraus M , Schlottbom M 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We present a metriplectic formulation of the radiative transfer equation with polarization and varying refractive index and show that this formulation automatically satisfies the first two laws of thermodynamics. In particular, the derived antisymmetric bracket enjoys the Jacobi identity. To obtain this formulation we suitably transform the equation and show that important physical quantities derived from the solution remain invariant under such a transformation.
Injectable rBMSCs-laden hydrogel microspheres loaded with naringin for osteomyelitis treatment
Authors: Dong Minyi , Yang Xiaofu , Lu Jingyi , Siow Lixuen , He Huihui , Liu An , Wu Pengcheng , He Yong , Sun Miao , Yu Mengfei , Wang Huiming 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Osteomyelitis, caused by purulent bacteria invading bone tissue, often occurs in long bones and seriously affects the physical and mental health and working ability of patients; it can even endanger life. However, due to bone cavity structure, osteomyelitis tends to occur inside the bone and thus lacks an effective treatment; anti-inflammatory treatment and repair of bone defects are necessary. Here, we developed injectable hydrogel microspheres loaded with naringin and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, which have anti-inflammatory and osteogenic properties. These homogeneous microspheres, ranging from 200 to 1000 μm, can be rapidly fabricated using an electro-assisted bio-fabrication method. Interestingly, it was found that microspheres with relatively small diameters (200 μm) were more conducive to the initial cell attachment, growth, spread, and later osteogenic differentiation. The developed microspheres can effectively treat tibial osteomyelitis in rats within six weeks, proving their prospects for clinical application.
Roadmap on structured waves
Authors: Bliokh Konstantin Y , Karimi Ebrahim , Padgett Miles J , Alonso Miguel A , Dennis Mark R , Dudley Angela , Forbes Andrew , Zahedpour Sina , Hancock Scott W , Milchberg Howard M , Rotter Stefan , Nori Franco , Özdemir Şahin K , Bender Nicholas , Cao Hui , Corkum Paul B , Hernández-García Carlos , Ren Haoran , Kivshar Yuri , Silveirinha Mário G , Engheta Nader , Rauschenbeutel Arno , Schneeweiss Philipp , Volz Jürgen , Leykam Daniel , Smirnova Daria A , Rong Kexiu , Wang Bo , Hasman Erez , Picardi Michela F , Zayats Anatoly V , Rodríguez-Fortuño Francisco J , Yang Chenwen , Ren Jie , Khanikaev Alexander B , Alù Andrea , Brasselet Etienne , Shats Michael , Verbeeck Jo , Schattschneider Peter , Sarenac Dusan , Cory David G , Pushin Dmitry A , Birk Michael , Gorlach Alexey , Kaminer Ido , Cardano Filippo , Marrucci Lorenzo , Krenn Mario , Marquardt Florian 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Structured waves are ubiquitous for all areas of wave physics, both classical and quantum, where the wavefields are inhomogeneous and cannot be approximated by a single plane wave. Even the interference of two plane waves, or of a single inhomogeneous (evanescent) wave, provides a number of nontrivial phenomena and additional functionalities as compared to a single plane wave. Complex wavefields with inhomogeneities in the amplitude, phase, and polarization, including topological structures and singularities, underpin modern nanooptics and photonics, yet they are equally important, e.g. for quantum matter waves, acoustics, water waves, etc. Structured waves are crucial in optical and electron microscopy, wave propagation and scattering, imaging, communications, quantum optics, topological and non-Hermitian wave systems, quantum condensed-matter systems, optomechanics, plasmonics and metamaterials, optical and acoustic manipulation, and so forth. This Roadmap is written collectively by prominent researchers and aims to survey the role of structured waves in various areas of wave physics. Providing background, current research, and anticipating future developments, it will be of interest to a wide cross-disciplinary audience.
Understanding the interplay of solution and process parameters on the physico-chemical properties of ZnO nanofibers synthesized by sol-gel electrospinning
Authors: Prabhu Niranjan N , Rajendra B V , Anandhan S , Murthy Krishna , Jagadeesh Chandra R B , George Gibin , Sachin Kumar B , Shivamurthy B 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Aging populations and the increase in chronic diseases worldwide demand efficient healthcare tools for simple, rapid, and accurate diagnosis and monitoring the human health. In this context, gas sensors are used to analyze the type of gas in the breath to diagnose chronic diseases. Metal oxide and ceramic nanofibers (NFs) produced by the electrospinning (ES) method have been investigated for potential use as gas sensors in the engineering and medical sectors. The material and process parameters are the main influencing factors on the functional performance of electrospun metal oxide NFs. Zinc oxide (ZnO) based NFs are used in various gas sensors due to the wide band gap (3.37eV), large exciton binding energy, and high mobility of charge carriers of ZnO. In this research, we made an attempt to study the effect of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and zinc acetate dihydrate (ZnAc2) concentrations and feed rate, voltage, spinneret tip-to-collector distance (TCD), and pyrolysis temperature on the physical properties of ZnO NFs. An average fiber diameter of 119 nm was obtained after pyrolysis at 600 °C of electrospun fiber produced from an aqueous PVA solution of concentration 15 w% with 7.5 w% ZnAc2 based on the weight of PVA. The grain size, transmittance, structural defects, and band gap energy of NFs were found to increase as a function of the pyrolysis temperature, which could be beneficial for the functional applications of these NFs.
DISCOVERY OF A CYNOMOLGUS MONKEY-CROSS-REACTIVE ANTI-HUMAN CD3 MAB FOR T CELL ENGAGERS
Authors: Mei Qin , Wang George , Liu Jieying , Chen Yunying , Gu Jijie , Nie Siwei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Anti-CD3 based T cell engager antibodies can redirect cytotoxic activity of T cells in a non-MHC restricted fashion to kill tumor cells effectively. Therefore, the discovery of an anti-CD3 antibody capable of activating T cells in the presence of tumor cells is highly desirable. Recently, many anti-CD3 bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) entered clinical trials. Despite the promising efficacy of anti-CD3 bsAbs, safety issues arose and establishing a proper therapeutic window between efficacy and safety became a challenge. One of the safety concerns for anti-CD3 bsAbs is the cytokine release syndrome due to T-cell activation. Recent studies have shown that this safety challenge can be mitigated by selecting an anti-CD3 antibody with the appropriate binding epitope, CD3 affinity and binding kinetics (on and off rate).

Methods
by using WuXi Biologics’ state-of-the-art hybridoma platform, an anti-CD3 Ab was discovered through a combination of immunization and screening strategies.

Results
the selected anti-CD3 Ab demonstrates moderate affinity and fast-on fast-off binding kinetics against both human and cynomolgus CD3 molecules. Once constructed into T cell engagers (TCEs) using this anti-CD3 Ab with TAA binding arms in WuXiBody® format, the obtained TCEs mediated efficient anti-tumor activity, but induced low levels of cytokine production by T cells.

Conclusions
WuXi Biologics has discovered an anti-CD3 Ab with desired binding properties to human CD3. As shown in two showcases, the TCEs constructed using this anti-CD3 Ab can elicit efficient T cell cytotoxicity against tumor cells but low levels of cytokine release. The cross-reactivity of the anti-CD3 Ab enables preclinical assessments of toxicity in NHP.