bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient Time‐dependent Dual‐Model Room Temperature Phosphorescent Carbon Quantum Dots/ Boron Nitride Carbide Oxide Matrices
Authors: Li Weihua , Liu Guiju , Lin Jishuai , Wang Xiaohan , Zhao Haiguang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRoom temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials have broad applications in the field of optical devices due to tunable wavelengths and lifetimes. However, creating efficient RTP materials that possess multiple optical properties remains a challenge. Herein, a novel approach is developed to in situ form carbon quantum dots (C‐dots) embedded in boron nitride carbide oxide (B‐N‐C‐O) matrices by introducing nitrogen, phosphorus, and boron dopants into C‐dots (P/B/N doped C‐dots), enabling dual RTP emissions and time‐dependent afterglow. P/B/N doped C‐dots are synthesized by a vacuum‐assisted gradient heating approach using ethylenediamine, phosphoric acid, and boric acid as precursors with a yield of 20 g per batch. The introduction of P/B/N dopants provided multiple triplet states, which enable the C‐dots to have dual RTP emissions and, a long phosphorescent lifetime ranging from 0.98 to 1.30 s. The in situ formation of matrices surrounding the C‐dots enables ultrahigh quantum yield of up to 50%, surpassing the most recently reported RTP C‐dots. To demonstrate the potential applications of the RTP C‐dots, they are used as anti‐counterfeiting ink and phosphorescent dyes for security codes and phosphorescent polyester yarn, showing their suitability for high‐level security applications. This work provides an effective route for large‐scale synthesis of highly efficient RTP materials and preparation of high‐performance optical devices.
Alternative Formulations of Job Strain and Sleep Disturbances: A Longitudinal Study in the United States
Authors: Sun Yijia , Guardiano Megan , Saiki Mayumi , Li Jian 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundSleep disturbances are a major public health concern in the United States, leading to adverse health outcomes. In the working population, job strain has been identified as an important risk factor for sleep disturbances, but evidence from the United States remained limited. This study aimed to examine longitudinal associations between job strain and sleep disturbances in the United States, with a focus on the alternative formulations of job strain.MethodsA total of 1721 participants were drawn from two waves of the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study, with an average 9‐year follow‐up period. Job strain was measured using Karasek's Job‐Demand‐Control model and operationalized in six formulations: standard quadrant, simplified quadrant, linear, quotient, logarithm quotient, and quartile based on quotient. Generalized Estimating Equations were used to estimate longitudinal associations of alternative formulations of job strain at baseline with sleep disturbances across follow‐up. Corrected Quasi‐likelihood Information Criterion (QICu) was used to assess the goodness of fit.ResultsAll approaches showed that higher job strain at baseline was significantly associated with an increase in sleep disturbances across follow‐up. QICu scores indicated that continuous Demand‐Control formulations (linear, quotient, logarithm quotient) had better model performance of 4602.66, 4604.28, and 4601.99, respectively. The logarithm quotient showed the best fit.ConclusionsOur findings imply the importance of early workplace interventions in reducing job strain to improve sleep hygiene. They further show that the continuous formulations quantifying job strain were more consistent and robust, which provides suggestions for future workplace health research in the United States.
Synthesis of Tetraaryl Diazachrysenes by the Povarov Reaction and π Extension To Construct a Condensed Azaperylene Motif
Authors: Shan Yuanrong , Yasuda Takeshi , Kanbara Takaki , Kuwabara Junpei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIncorporating nitrogen into carbon‐based materials can significantly modify their electronic properties. A comprehensive understanding of the structural and physical characteristics of aza‐polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (aza‐PAHs) is crucial for developing innovative materials. In this study, four aza‐PAHs were synthesized using a combination of the Povarov reaction and intramolecular cyclization reaction by direct C−H arylation. The synthesized compounds were evaluated in terms of the crystal structure, photophysical properties, frontier energy levels, and hole‐blocking properties in organic light‐emitting diode (OLED). The intramolecular cyclization by direct C−H arylation afforded a condensed azaperylene molecule that exhibited long‐wavelength absorption and emission, attributed to the high HOMO level resulting from π‐extension.
The Taiwan‐ADNI workflow toward integrating plasma p‐tau217 into prediction models for the risk of Alzheimer's disease and tau burden
Authors: Huang Kuo‐Lun , Hsiao Ing‐Tsung , Huang Chi‐Wei , Huang Chung‐Guei , Chang Hsin‐I , Huang Shu‐Hua , Lin Kun‐Ju , Ma Mi‐Chia , Huang Chin‐Chang , Chang Chiung‐Chih 
Published: January 2025

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe integrated plasma biomarkers from the Taiwan Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative and propose a workflow to identify individuals showing amyloid‐positive positron emission tomography (PET) with low/intermediate tau burden based on [18F]Florzolotau PET‐based quantification.METHODSWe assessed 361 participants across the Alzheimer's disease (AD) and non‐AD continuum and measured plasma phosphorylated tau (p‐tau)217, p‐tau181, amyloid beta (Aβ)42/40 ratio, neurofilament light chain, and glial fibrillary acidic protein levels at two medical centers. We evaluated the diagnostic potential of these biomarkers.RESULTSAmong all plasma biomarkers, p‐tau217 had the highest consistency with amyloid PET results (area under the curve = 0.94), and a cutoff value could have reduced the number of confirmatory amyloid PET scans by 57.5%. In amyloid PET–positive cases intending to use anti‐amyloid therapy, p‐tau217 level, along with clinical parameters, had the highest predictive ability for low/intermediate tau burden.DISCUSSIONA two‐step workflow based on p‐tau217 and confirmatory amyloid PET could accurately classify AD patients showing low/intermediate tau burden.Highlights
The emergence of anti‐amyloid therapy increases the need to accurately diagnose Alzheimer's disease (AD).
The use of plasma biomarkers, especially phosphorylated tau 217 (p‐tau217), can help in the diagnosis of AD.
P‐tau217 is a better predictor of amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) positivity than other core biomarkers.
In amyloid PET–positive individuals, p‐tau217 can predict tau burden.
We propose a two‐step workflow to identify AD cases suitable for treatment.
The etiology and prevention of early‐stage tau pathology in higher cortical circuits: Insights from aging rhesus macaques
Authors: Datta Dibyadeep , Arnsten Amy F. T. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAging rhesus macaques provide a unique model for learning how age and inflammation drive early‐stage pathology in sporadic Alzheimer's disease, and for testing potential therapeutics. Unlike mice, aging macaques have extensive association cortices and inflammatory signaling similar to humans, are apolipoprotein E ε4 homozygotes, and naturally develop tau and amyloid pathology with marked cognitive deficits. Importantly, monkeys provide the unique opportunity to study early‐stage, soluble hyperphosphorylated tau (p‐tau), including p‐tau217. As soluble p‐tau is rapidly dephosphorylated post mortem, it is not captured in human brains except with biopsy material. However, new macaque data show that soluble p‐tau is toxic to neurons and capable of seeding across cortical circuits. Extensive evidence indicates that age‐related inflammatory signaling contributes to calcium dysregulation, which drives tau hyperphosphorylation and amyloid beta generation. Pharmacological studies in aged macaques suggest that inhibiting inflammation and restoring calcium regulation can reduce tau hyperphosphorylation with minimal side effects, appropriate for potential preventive therapeutics.Highlights
Aging monkeys provide a unique window into early stage, soluble phosphorylated tau (p‐tau).
Inflammation with advancing age leads to calcium dysregulation, p‐tau, and amyloid beta (Aβ).
Macaque research shows p‐tau undergoes transsynaptic seeding early in the cortex.
p‐tau traps amyloid precursor protein–containing endosomes, which may increase Aβ and drive vicious cycles.
Restoring calcium regulation in cortex reduced p‐tau217 levels in aged macaques.
Solution‐Processed Blue Narrowband OLED Devices with External Quantum Efficiency Beyond 35 % through Horizontal Dipole Orientation Induced by Electrostatic Interaction
Authors: Zhang Kaiyuan , Wang Xingdong , Wang Mengyu , Wang Shumeng , Wang Lixiang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe multiple resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR‐TADF) device has drawn great attention due to their outstanding efficiency and color purity. However, the efficiency of solution‐processed MR‐TADF devices is still far behind their vacuum‐deposited counterparts, due to the uncontrollable horizontal emitting dipole orientation for emitters during solution process, resulting in low light out‐coupling efficiency. Here, we proposed a new strategy namely electrostatic interaction between a dendritic host with high positive electrostatic potential (ESP) and dendritic emitter with multiple negative ESP sites, which could induce high horizontal dipole ratio (Θ||) up to 83.0 % in solution‐processed films. For this couple, the largest plane of dendritic host tends to anchor on the substrate, and thus the strong positive electrostatic site mainly lies at the exposed tetraphenylsilicon, which could electrostatically attract the multiple negative electrostatic sites of the dendritic emitter, realizing horizontal dipole orientation. Moreover, the highly twisted structure of dendritic host and dendron encapsulation of emitter could effectively suppress aggregation, leading a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 98.6 %. As a result, the solution‐processed blue MR‐TADF devices exhibit a record‐break external quantum efficiency of 35.3 %, as well as narrow bandwidth of 17 nm and pure blue color with CIE coordinates of (0.137, 0.176).
Peptide‐Grafted Waterborne Polyurethane With Enhanced Biocompatibility and Mechanical Properties for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Hong Yun , Li Chunjie , Zhang Feng , Ma Xiaoye , Jiang Dingxiao , Jin Rizhe , Kang Chuanqing 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe incorporation of fillers into waterborne polyurethane (WPU) can endow the composites with improved physicochemical and physiological properties for biomedical applications. Silk fibroin possesses excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility owing to its unique hierarchical structure comprising β‐sheet crystallites and amorphous matrix. To mimic its structure, a crystalline tetrapeptide Gly‐Ala‐Gly‐Ala (GAGA) derived from the repetitive segments of the primary sequence of fibroins was grafted onto the WPU backbone. The tetrapeptides aggregated via additional hydrogen bonds to form crystalline domains, which served as physical crosslinking points to significantly improve the mechanical properties of WPU. Compared with the pristine WPU, the modification enhanced the maximum tensile strength (from 13.1 to 25.4 MPa) and hydrophilicity (the water contact angle from 80.6° to 38.8°). In addition, the modified WPU with the optimal proportion of the tetrapeptide remained structurally stable under physiological environments and showed improved biocompatibility including good cell and protein adhesion, noncytotoxicity, and nonhemolysis. The excellent performance confirms the effectiveness of peptides in WPU modification and sheds light on the potential of modified WPU in biomedical applications.
Developing an ethical framework for informed consent using human fetal and embryological collections: An Australian perspective
Authors: El‐Haddad Joyce , Pather Nalini 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe term “human fetal and embryological collections” refers to repositories or archives that house remains of human fetuses and embryos. Most of these remains have been obtained without informed consent from the next of kin, thus reflecting a time in history where this may have been acceptable. Previous quantitative studies seeking stakeholder perceptions toward these collections suggest that there is misalignment with the values of society today, and the current guiding frameworks pertaining to these collections. The aim of this study was to qualitatively explore and analyze the perceptions of key stakeholders regarding human fetal and embryological collections. Twenty‐seven individuals signed up and completed the demographic survey. However, 25 attended the focus group interviews. The study sought to provide an in‐depth exploration of how stakeholders perceive the value of fetal and embryological collections, and the importance of informed consent. The mean age of participants was 29.1 years of age with a gender distribution of 40.7% (n = 11 out of 27) men and 50.3% (n = 16 out of 27) of women. Thematic analysis identified four themes: (1) consent; (2) preparation for clinical practice; (3) equity and fairness; and (4) educational value, with several subthemes identified at macro, meso, and micro ethical levels. Macro subthemes included importance of informed consent, equity and fairness, and genetic composition. Meso subthemes included respect and privacy, and legal and institutional considerations. Micro subthemes included emotional considerations, preparation for clinical practice, and educational value. The results of this study indicate that ethical issues surrounding human fetal and embryological collections need careful consideration based on macro, meso, and micro ethical frameworks.
Ferric Chloride Mediated Dearomative Spirocyclization of Biaryl Ynones: Synthesis of 3,3‐Spiroindanones
Authors: Jaiswal Gaurav , Chandra Pan Subhas 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFerric chloride mediated dearomative spirocyclization of biaryl ynones for the synthesis of new series of densely functionalized 3,3‐spiroindanone derivatives has been reported. This study is the first to describe the regioselective synthesis of a five‐membered ring from biaryl ynones. The scope of the reaction is broad and the spirocyclic products were obtained in moderate to good yields (up to 87 %) and with high stereoselectivities.
ABC‐Entwurfstafeln: Ökobilanzierung von Tragwerken anhand eines Beispiels
Authors: Dombrowski Max , Kanz Emma , Wolgast Katharina 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDie Entwurfstafeln zur Ökobilanzierung in der Tragwerksplanung vom Attitude Building Collective e. V. (ABC) bieten eine praxisnahe Arbeitshilfe zur Abschätzung der CO2‐Emissionen von Tragwerken und unterstützen Planer:innen dabei, wichtige Entwurfsentscheidungen zu identifizieren und zu treffen. Die Baubranche trägt erheblich zu den globalen CO2‐Emissionen bei. Im Zuge der steigenden Energieeffizienz neuer Gebäude gewinnen die grauen Emissionen infolge der Errichtung von Tragwerken an Bedeutung. Eine alltagstaugliche Planungshilfe zur Bewertung und Minimierung dieser Emissionen fehlte bislang. Die ABC‐Entwurfstafeln füllen diese Lücke und machen die komplexe Welt der Ökobilanzierung für Planer:innen zugänglich. In diesem Beitrag werden die Entwurfstafeln vorgestellt und ihre Anwendung anhand einfacher Handrechnungen demonstriert. Die Tafeln enthalten die Grundlagen der Ökobilanzierung von Gebäuden sowie praktische Orientierungshilfen zur Wahl von Materialien und Tragsystemen. Darüber hinaus informieren sie zu übergeordneten Themen wie z. B. der Frage, welche Argumente Planer:innen gegenüber Bauherr:innen für eine ökologische Bauweise anführen können. Als Open‐Access‐Material fördern die Entwurfstafeln den Wissenstransfer in der Baubranche und unterstützen die Umstellung auf eine klimagerechte Bauweise. Mit den Entwurfstafeln verfolgt das ABC das Ziel, alle Bauschaffenden für eine umweltverträgliche Baukultur zu mobilisieren.
Pharmacokinetics Integrated With Network Pharmacology to Investigate the Potential Mechanism of Lu‐Jiao Fang Inhibited Endothelial‐to‐Mesenchymal Transition in Pressure Overload–Induced Cardiac Fibrosis
Authors: Shi Xiaoli , Ma Jingya , Liu Wei , Shen Jie , Xu Guanglin , Zhang Jianwei , Liu Li 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to investigate the potential mechanism of Lu‐Jiao Fang (LJF) inhibiting endothelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in pressure overload‐induced cardiac fibrosis. Pharmacokinetic behaviors of the ingredients of LJF were evaluated by LC‐MS/MS analysis. Then putative pathways by which LJF regulates EndMT were analyzed by network pharmacology and verified in transverse aortic constriction–induced cardiac fibrosis rats. Loganin, morroniside, salidroside, isopsoralen, and psoralen showed higher plasma, left and right ventricular Cmax and AUC0–t values than hesperidin, specnuezhenide, and icariside II. Twenty‐four potential targets related to EndMT were identified, which were mainly involved in relaxin signaling pathway. AKT1, TP53, MMP9, HIF1A, Snail1, and MMP2 were key therapeutic targets in protein–protein interaction network. LJF reversed cardiac dysfunction, left ventricular dilation, and fibrosis and significantly downregulated collagen type I and III and EndMT regulators (Snail1 and Twist1) mRNA expression. In relaxin signaling pathway, the RXFP1 protein expression increased by 22.52%, and the protein phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 decreased by 33.52% and 12.79%, in response to the treatment with LJF. This study initially revealed the EndMT inhibition effects and molecular mechanisms of LJF in cardiac fibrosis, providing a reference basis for the promotion of LJF in the clinic.
Unveiling Risk Profiles: A Latent Profile Analysis of 21st‐Century Skills, Resistance to Change, and Cognitive Flexibility
Authors: Uras Muhammed Celal , Kaya Suat , Kaya Alican , Yildirim Murat 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesLimited research utilized a person‐centered approach in examining 21st‐century skills. This study used latent profile analysis to explore the relationships between resistance to change, cognitive flexibility, and 21st‐century skills, including creativity, cooperativity, critical thinking, communication, and problem‐solving.Materials and MethodsA convenience sampling approach was used to recruit 502 individuals (342 females; meanage = 21.12 ± 2.34 years) via an online survey.ResultsThe results showed that creativity, cooperativity, critical thinking, communication, problem‐solving, and resistance to change were determined as profile indicators. The cognitive flexibility of the subclasses was also predicted. Furthermore, the results revealed four distinct profiles: (i) average level across all skills (5.8%); (ii) low risk for most skills, moderate for cooperativity (18.1%); (iii) high risk for all skills (55.2%); and (iv) moderate risk for most skills, moderate for cooperativity (20.9%).ConclusionsThe study highlights the importance of cognitive flexibility in identifying risk profiles. Using mixture modeling provides a fresh perspective for researchers, potentially aiding in targeted interventions for at‐risk university students to enhance their 21st‐century skills.
Evaluating the Performance of Ethanol Electrochemical Nanobiosensor Through Machine for Predictive Analysis of Electric Current in Self‐Powered Biosensors
Authors: Farahbakhsh Afshin , Abad Javad Mohebbi Najm , Hekmatmanesh Amin , Handroos Heikki 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this study, the focus is on ethanol nano biosensors based on alcohol oxidase (AOX) enzymatic reactions and the feasibility of generating electric current for biobatteries. The aim is to convert the latent energy in ethanol into electrical energy through the enzymatic oxidation process in the presence of an AOX enzyme. The release of electrons and the creation of a potential difference make the use of ethanol as a biofuel cell/self‐power biosensor in biologically sensitive systems feasible. To achieve this, glassy carbon electrodes were modified with gold nanoparticles to enhance conductivity, and the AOX enzyme was immobilized on the working electrode. The current generated through the enzymatic process was measured in various pH and analyte concentration conditions. Afterward, machine‐learning models, including multilayer perceptron (MLP), deep neural network, decision tree, and random forest, were employed to assess the impact of parameters on electric current generation, evaluate the error rate, and compare the results. The results indicated that the MLP model was the most suitable method for predicting the electric current produced under different pH, temperature, and ethanol concentration values. These findings can be utilized to identify optimal conditions and increase the current output for use as a reliable energy source in self‐powered biosensors. In conclusion, this study suggests a promising way to generate electricity by oxidizing ethanol with the AOX enzyme. The use of machine learning to analyze experimental data has provided insight into optimal conditions for maximizing electric current output for developing sustainable energy sources in biologically sensitive systems and biobattery technology.
Synthesis of Polysubstituted Bicyclo[3.1.0]Hexanes via Boronyl Radical Catalyzed [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of Cyclopropanes with Cyclopropenes
Authors: Zhang Kuan , Xia Yan , Tian Shanghui , Duan Xin‐Hua , Li Pengfei , Guo Li‐Na 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBicyclo[3.1.0]hexane is a key structural unit in numerous natural products and small molecule drugs. The efficient and sustainable construction of this skeleton is of particular importance. Herein, we report a boronyl radical‐catalyzed [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of cyclopropanes and cyclopropenes for the synthesis of polysubstituted bicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes. This reaction proceeds under metal‐free conditions and can rapidly construct multiple carbon─carbon bonds, exhibits atom economy and operational simplicity, and demonstrates good substrate applicability and excellent functional group tolerance.
Crop rotation and herbicide program effects on Palmer amaranth and common ragweed population growth rate
Authors: Oreja Fernando H. , Mahoney Denis J. , Jordan David L. , Jennings Katie M. , Vann Matthew , Leon Ramon G. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe success of weed management decisions must be assessed not only in the short‐term within season but also in the long‐term over several seasons. This study investigated the effects of crop rotation and herbicide program structure on the population growth rates of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) and common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.). A field experiment was conducted over a 3‐year period in North Carolina to compare cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)–sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.]–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], cotton–peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)–soybean, cotton–tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)–soybean, and cotton–soybean–soybean rotations and preemergence and postemergence herbicide application timings. Results showed that preemergence herbicide application in the soybean phase of the rotation reduced Palmer amaranth populations 79%. However, the preemergence herbicides were only effective at reducing weed populations for the current season, not beyond. Common ragweed population growth rate was highest after the first 2 years (λ = 1.63) of the cotton–tobacco–soybean rotation. Preemergence herbicides were effective in reducing common ragweed populations, particularly in rotations with cotton–sweetpotato and cotton–peanut. Soybean yields were similar across rotations ranging from 62 bu/ac to 68 bu/ac. Annual use of preemergence herbicides was essential to reduce Palmer amaranth populations. For common ragweed, the effectiveness of preemergence herbicides to mitigate population growth was reduced when poorly competitive crops were part of the rotation.