bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Gastroesophageal Reflux Symptoms and Sleep Quality Among Women in the Nurses’ Health Study II
Authors: Ha Jane , Mehta Raaj S. , Cao Yin , Huang Tianyi , Staller Kyle , Chan Andrew T. 
Published: July 2023

ImportanceLimited data exist on the association of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) symptoms with sleep quality.ObjectiveTo prospectively investigate the association between GER symptoms and sleep quality.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prospective cohort study included data from the Nurses’ Health Study II of female nurses in the US. Participants self-reported the frequency and duration of GER symptoms beginning June 2005, with updates every 4 years through June 2015. Follow-up was completed June 2019, and data were analyzed from November 15, 2022, to June 4, 2023.ExposuresFrequency and duration of GER symptoms.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPoor sleep quality was assessed in 2017 through a modified Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, which included difficulty in falling asleep, restlessness of sleep, daytime sleepiness, sleep disturbance, and sleep duration. Relative risk (RR) for poor sleep quality and individual components of poor sleep quality was estimated according to the frequency and duration of GER symptoms.ResultsAmong 48 536 women (median age, 59 years [range, 48-69 years]), 7929 (16.3%) developed poor sleep quality during 4 years of follow-up. Compared with those with GER symptoms less than once a month, the multivariable RR for poor sleep quality among women with GER symptoms more than once a week was 1.53 (95% CI, 1.45-1.62). Women who had GER symptoms once or more a week for more than 7 years had an RR of 1.36 (95% CI, 1.30-1.43) compared with women who had not had GER symptoms once or more a week. The frequency and duration of GER symptoms were significantly associated with each individual component of poor sleep quality; for example, the multivariable RRs for GER symptoms 2 or more times per week compared with no GER symptoms were 1.49 (95% CI, 1.39-1.58) for difficulty in falling asleep, 1.47 (95% CI, 1.39-1.56) for excessive daytime sleepiness, and 1.44 (95% CI, 1.36-1.53) for restlessness of sleep.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this prospective cohort study of female nurses in the Nurses’ Health Study II, the frequency and duration of GER symptoms were associated with subsequent risk of poor sleep quality. The findings suggest that effective treatment of GER disease may be important not only for improvement of symptoms but also for the reduction of comorbidities associated with poor sleep quality.
Tetra‐tert‐butyl‐s‐indacene is a Bond‐Localized C2h Structure and a Challenge for Computational Chemistry
Authors: Karas Lucas J. , Jalife Said , Viesser Renan V. , Soares João V. , Haley Michael M. , Wu Judy I. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWhether tetra‐tert‐butyl‐s‐indacene is a symmetric D2h structure or a bond‐alternating C2h structure remains a standing puzzle. Close agreement between experimental and computed proton chemical shifts based on minima structures optimized at the M06‐2X, ωB97X‐D, and M11 levels confirm a bond‐localized C2h symmetry, which is consistent with the expected strong antiaromaticity of TtB‐s‐indacene.
Abnormality of anxious behaviors and functional connectivity between the amygdala and the frontal lobe in maternally deprived monkeys
Authors: Feng Xiao‐Li , Wang Jiao‐Jian , Wu Jing , Ren Xiao‐Feng , Zhou Hui , Li Si‐Yu , Zhang Jie , Wang Sheng‐Hai , Wang Yun , Hu Zheng‐Fei , Hu Xin‐Tian , Jiang Tian‐Zi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveAnxious behaviors often occur in individuals who have experienced early adversity. Anxious behaviors can bring many hazards, such as social withdrawal, eating disorders, negative self‐efficacy, self‐injurious thoughts and behaviors, anxiety disorders, and even depression. Abnormal behavior are is closely related to changes in corresponding circuit functions in the brain. This study investigated the relationship between brain circuits and anxious behaviors in maternal‐deprived rhesus monkey animal model, which mimic early adversity in human.MethodsTwenty‐five rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were grouped by two different rearing conditions: 11 normal control and mother‐reared (MR) monkeys and 14 maternally deprived and peer‐reared (MD) monkeys. After obtaining images of the brain areas with significant differences in maternal separation and normal control macaque function, the relationship between functional junction intensity and stereotypical behaviors was determined by correlation analysis.ResultsThe correlation analysis revealed that stereotypical behaviors were negatively correlated with the coupling between the left lateral amygdala subregion and the left inferior frontal gyrus in both MD and MR macaques.ConclusionThis study suggests that early adversity‐induced anxious behaviors are associated with changes in the strength of the amygdala–prefrontal connection. The normalization of the regions involved in the functional connection might reverse the behavioral abnormality. It provides a solid foundation for effective intervention in human early adversity.Significance StatementThis study suggests that early adversity‐induced anxious behaviors are associated with changes in the strength of the amygdala–prefrontal connection. The higher the amygdala–prefrontal connection strength, the less stereotyped behaviors exhibited by monkeys experiencing early adversity. Thus, in the future, changing the strength of the amygdala–prefrontal connection may reverse the behavioral abnormalities of individuals who experience early adversity. This study provides a solid foundation for effective intervention in humans' early adversity.
Advances, Applications, and Perspectives in Small‐Angle X‐ray Scattering of RNA
Authors: Tants Jan‐Niklas , Schlundt Andreas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRNAs exhibit a plethora of functions far beyond transmitting genetic information. Often, RNA functions are entailed in their structure, be it as a regulatory switch, protein binding site, or providing catalytic activity. Structural information is a prerequisite for a full understanding of RNA‐regulatory mechanisms. Owing to the inherent dynamics, size, and instability of RNA, its structure determination remains challenging. Methods such as NMR spectroscopy, X‐ray crystallography, and cryo‐electron microscopy can provide high‐resolution structures; however, their limitations make structure determination, even for small RNAs, cumbersome, if at all possible. Although at a low resolution, small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) has proven valuable in advancing structure determination of RNAs as a complementary method, which is also applicable to large‐sized RNAs. Here, we review the technological and methodological advancements of RNA SAXS. We provide examples of the powerful inclusion of SAXS in structural biology and discuss possible future applications to large RNAs.
Topical betadine exposure precipitating sterile cerebritis and systemic iodine toxicity
Authors: Rasner Cody J. , Allen Timothy , Kavalier Meredith 
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical MessageCerebritis may present with encephalopathy, seizures, localizing neurologic deficits, or death. Topical betadine has a high iodine content and application to open scalp wounds may cause sterile cerebritis.
Lutidyl Radical Photoelectron Spectra Reveal Additive Substituent Effects on Benzyl Derivatives’ Ionization Energy
Authors: Kanayama Keisuke , Fernholz Christin , Nakamura Hisashi , Maruta Kaoru , Bodi Andras , Hemberger Patrick 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUnderstanding how isomerism influences photoelectron spectra helps in the assignment and analysis of reactive mixtures, especially for heterocycles with numerous isomers. Threshold photoelectron spectra of lutidyl radical isomers, i. e., benzyl derivatives with a nitrogen heteroatom and a methyl substituent, are recorded using vacuum ultraviolet synchrotron radiation. The radicals are produced by flash pyrolysis from aminomethyl methylpyridine precursors. Experimental ionization energies are determined to be 7.54, 7.50, and 7.45 eV for 2,4‐, 2,6‐ and 3,5‐lutidyl, respectively, in excellent agreement with composite method calculations. Franck–Condon simulations aid the TPES assignment but are also shown to exhibit artifacts if large‐amplitude motions, notably the methyl internal rotation are assumed to be active in the double harmonic approximation. Based on calculated adiabatic ionization energies (AIE) of benzyl, picolyl, and xylyl radicals, the N and CH3 substituent effects are found to be additive, position‐dependent and decrease in the para>ortho≳meta order in magnitude with the nitrogen heteroatom increasing and the methyl substituent decreasing the AIE. These effects are discussed in light of the charge distribution upon ionization. The additivity of the substituent effects also helps predict the influence of substituents on the binding energy of the unpaired electron in analogous radicals.
The lateral forearm flap versus traditional upper extremity flaps: A comparison of donor site morbidity and flap thickness
Authors: Danker Sara , Shuck John W. , Taher Ahmed , Mujtaba Bilal , Chang Edward I. , Chu Carrie K. , Liu Jun , Garvey Patrick B. , Hanna Ehab , Yu Peirong , Largo Rene D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe lateral forearm flap (LFF) is a thin fasciocutaneous flap with a donor site that can be closed primarily.MethodsA retrospective analysis of donor site morbidity and hand function was performed in patients who underwent a radial forearm flap (RFF), ulnar artery perforator flap (UAPF), or LFF. Flap thickness was evaluated radiographically in 50 control patients.ResultsOf 134 patients (lateral forearm flap: n = 49, RFF: n = 47, UAPF: n = 38), the LFF demonstrated significantly faster return to baseline hand grip strength (3 months vs. 12 months in RFF and UAPF; p < 0.001), had significantly fewer donor site complications (6.1% compared to 6.4% in RFF and 28.9% in UAPF; p = 0.003) and fewer sensory deficits (2.0% compared to 6.4% in RFF and 15.8% in UAPF sites; p = 0.013). The radiographic study confirmed the LFF to be the thinnest of all upper extremity flap options.ConclusionsThe LFF is an excellent forearm‐based flap option with thin, pliable tissue and low donor site morbidity.
Sustaining an Aboriginal wellbeing program: Informing health promotion practice and policy
Authors: Urquhart Lisa , Roberts Karen , Duncanson Kerith , Brown Leanne J. , Fisher Karin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIssue addressedAboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples' holistic concepts of wellbeing are inadequately represented in the health promotion discourse. The aim of this article was to explore what sustains an Aboriginal wellbeing program, to inform critical reflection and reorientation to empower Aboriginal wellbeing approaches in health promotion practice and policy.MethodsAboriginal and non‐Indigenous researchers collaboratively designed a critically framed, strengths‐based research approach with Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Service staff and wellbeing program participants. Data from Individual Yarning (n = 15) with program participants and staff inspired co‐researchers to co‐develop interpretations over two half‐day Collaborative Yarning sessions (n = 9).ResultsCo‐researchers depicted five lifeworld qualities that sustain an Aboriginal wellbeing program: love, connection, respect, culture and belonging. The lifeworld qualities are relational, communicative and involve the dynamics of identity, power and self‐determination.ConclusionsThe five qualities support a lifeworld approach to an Aboriginal wellbeing program, opening communicative and relational opportunities to mediate culturally responsive interactions. The qualities mediated interactions between people in the lifeworld including program participants and coordinators, and systems representatives including health service providers. A lifeworld approach provides a way to empower Aboriginal self‐determination and leadership through embedment of cultural determinants of health in wellbeing programs.So what?Health service providers and policy makers can use lifeworld approaches to guide critical reflection and reorient practice and policy related to Aboriginal health. The lifeworld qualities that encompass this approach in wellbeing programs are communicative and relational, centred on local community voices and co‐produced with community for Aboriginal identity, empowerment and self‐determination.
Capacity needs assessment and challenges for multisectoral implementation of nutrition in Burkina Faso: A guide for the formulation of a capacity development plan
Authors: Diasso Dieudonné , Halidou Doudou Maimouna , Cruz Sarah , Tonnoir Florence , Compaoré‐Sérémé Diarra , Zongo Urbain , Savadogo Aly 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionAchieving nutritional goals depends on individual, organisational and environmental capacities. The aim of this study was to analyse and identify capacity gaps among the coordination platforms and networks, and the key technical institutions related to nutrition in Burkina Faso for a capacity development plan formulation.MethodsUsing the new Nutrition Capacity Framework developed by the United Nations Network, information were collected using the Nutrition Stakeholder Mapping and Analysis tool, and the Checklist for Capacity Areas. Capacity needs were analysed in terms of Human resource and infrastructure, functional, organisational, coordination and partnership, and financial and resource mobilisation.ResultsLimited human resource capacity in nutrition was highlighted in most cases by the structures, and the nutrition coordination structure and more than 4/5 of the technical structures are faced with the unavailability of working materials, tools and basic Internet connection. Only 10 among the 30 structures have a unit or service for exchange on nutrition, and only three of them have integrated nutrition actions. Shortfalls were noted in terms of functional, facilitation, communication and advocacy skills, as well as a weak diversification of resource mobilisation strategies.ConclusionThe use of the analytical framework helped to identify the gaps and to propose paths for capacity development. Efforts need to be strengthened, intensified, coordinated, monitored, evaluated and funded.
Advances in HPV‐associated tumor management: Therapeutic strategies and emerging insights
Authors: Gong Xiangjin , Chi Hao , Xia Zhijia , Yang Guanhu , Tian Gang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWith the rapid increase in the incidence of cervical cancer, anal cancer and other cancers, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has become a growing concern. Persistent infection with high‐risk HPV is a major cause of malignant tumors. In addition, microbiota and viruses such as human immunodeficiency virus, herpes simplex virus, and Epstein–Barr virus are closely associated with HPV infection. The limited effectiveness of existing treatments for HPV‐associated tumors and the high rates of recurrence and metastasis in patients create an urgent need for novel and effective approaches. In recent years, HPV vaccine coverage has increased and can reduce the incidence of serious adverse events. Overall, this article provides a comprehensive overview of HPV biology, microbiome, and other viral interactions in cancer development, highlighting the need for a more comprehensive approach to cancer prevention and treatment. Current and emerging HPV‐related cancer control and treatment strategies are also further explored.
Analyzing the influences of the selection of the RCP scenario and the reference period on the evaluation results of EURO‐CORDEX simulations for Hungary
Authors: Kis Anna , Pongrácz Rita 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTemperature and precipitation simulations are evaluated for Hungary based on 11 regional climate model experiments with 0.1° horizontal resolution from the EURO‐CORDEX programme. The aim of the study is to assess the different simulations and the multi‐model (MM) mean as well for 1991–2005 and 2006–2020 separately, on a monthly basis. For the period 2006–2020, three different representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios, namely, RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 are taken into consideration, so the uncertainty arising from the radiative forcing pathways can also be analysed. Specifically, we addressed three questions: (i) Which is the best model simulation for 1991–2005 and for 2006–2020? (ii) Which scenario is closer to the observations, regarding the period 2006–2020? (iii) Which has a greater effect: the selection of the model or the scenario? According to our results, the spatial and the annual distribution of temperature is simulated appropriately by the MM mean, however, in the case of precipitation the maximum values occur in spring, instead of summer. In 2006–2020, in the first half of the year, simulated temperature is closer to the observations, when the RCP8.5 scenario is taken into account. However, in the case of precipitation, the MM mean of RCP4.5 driven simulations generally performed the best. In the investigated period, the selection of the model simulation has a greater effect compared to the selection of the scenario.
Cost‐utility analysis of 4% tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, taurolidine, and heparin lock to prevent central line–associated bloodstream infections in children with intestinal failure
Authors: Gattini Daniela , Yan Han , Belza Christina , Avitzur Yaron , Wales Paul W. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundCentral line–associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) are a serious complication in children with intestinal failure. This study assessed the incremental costs of 4% tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) compared with taurolidine lock and heparin lock per quality‐adjusted life‐year (QALY) gained in children with intestinal failure from the healthcare payer and societal perspective.MethodsA Markov cohort model of a 1‐year‐old child with intestinal failure was simulated until the age of 17 years (time horizon), with a cycle length of 1 month. The health outcome measure was QALYs, with results expressed in terms of incremental costs and QALYs. Model parameters were obtained from published literature and institutional data. Deterministic, probabilistic, and scenario sensitivity analyses were performed.Results4% Tetrasodium EDTA was dominant (more effective and less expensive) compared with taurolidine and heparin, yielding an additional 0.17 QALYs with savings of CAD$88,277 compared with heparin, and an additional 0.06 QALYs with savings of CAD$52,120 compared with taurolidine lock from the healthcare payer perspective. From the societal perspective, 4% tetrasodium EDTA resulted in savings of CAD$90,696 compared with heparin and savings of CAD$36,973 compared with taurolidine lock.ConclusionsThis model‐based analysis indicates that 4% tetrasodium EDTA can be considered the optimal strategy compared with taurolidine and heparin in terms of cost‐effectiveness. The decision uncertainty can be reduced by conducting further research on the model input parameters. An expected value of perfect information analysis can identify what model input parameters would be most valuable to focus on.
Poly(2‐oxazoline)‐Based Polyplexes as a PEG‐Free Plasmid DNA Delivery Platform
Authors: Yamaleyeva Dina N. , Makita Naoki , Hwang Duhyeong , Haney Matthew J. , Jordan Rainer , Kabanov Alexander V. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe present study expands the versatility of cationic poly(2‐oxazoline) (POx) copolymers as a polyethylene glycol (PEG)‐free platform for gene delivery to immune cells, such as monocytes and macrophages. Several block copolymers are developed by varying nonionic hydrophilic blocks (poly(2‐methyl‐2‐oxazoline) (pMeOx) or poly(2‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline) (pEtOx), cationic blocks, and an optional hydrophobic block (poly(2‐isopropyl‐2‐oxazoline) (iPrOx). The cationic blocks are produced by side chain modification of 2‐methoxy‐carboxyethyl‐2‐oxazoline (MestOx) block precursor with diethylenetriamine (DET) or tris(2‐aminoethyl)amine (TREN). For the attachment of a targeting ligand, mannose, azide‐alkyne cycloaddition click chemistry methods are employed. Of the two cationic side chains, polyplexes made with DET‐containing copolymers transfect macrophages significantly better than those made with TREN‐based copolymer. Likewise, nontargeted pEtOx‐based diblock copolymer is more active in cell transfection than pMeOx‐based copolymer. The triblock copolymer with hydrophobic block iPrOx performs poorly compared to the diblock copolymer which lacks this additional block. Surprisingly, attachment of a mannose ligand to either copolymer is inhibitory for transfection. Despite similarities in size and design, mannosylated polyplexes result in lower cell internalization compared to nonmannosylated polyplexes. Thus, PEG‐free, nontargeted DET‐, and pEtOx‐based diblock copolymer outperforms other studied structures in the transfection of macrophages and displays transfection levels comparable to GeneJuice, a commercial nonlipid transfection reagent.
Impaired diaphragmatic motility in treatment‐naive adult patients with spinal muscular atrophy improved during nusinersen treatment
Authors: Freigang Maren , Langner Simona , Hermann Andreas , Günther René 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroduction/AimsThe leading clinical feature of 5q‐associated spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is symmetric, proximal muscle weakness. Muscles involved in ventilation exhibit a specific pattern of denervation: intercostal muscles are severely atrophic, whereas the diaphragm muscle is less affected. The aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of diaphragmatic function by ultrasound imaging in adult patients with SMA and to quantify dynamics of diaphragmatic function during nusinersen treatment.MethodsDiaphragmatic thickness, thickening, and excursion during quiet breathing were assessed in 24 adult patients with SMA type 2 and 3 by diaphragm ultrasound imaging before and during nusinersen treatment and were correlated with spirometric parameters.ResultsDiaphragm thickness was not reduced, but increased in a remarkable proportion of patients, whereas diaphragm thickening and excursion were reduced in about 20% to 30% of nusinersen‐naive, adult patients with SMA types 2 and 3. During 26 months of nusinersen treatment, diaphragm thickening fraction and excursion improved.DiscussionDiaphragm ultrasound imaging can provide disease‐ and treatment‐relevant information that is not identified during routine clinical assessments and may therefore be a valuable complementary outcome measure.