bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychedelics promote plasticity by directly binding to BDNF receptor TrkB
Authors: Moliner Rafael , Girych Mykhailo , Brunello Cecilia A. , Kovaleva Vera , Biojone Caroline , Enkavi Giray , Antenucci Lina , Kot Erik F. , Goncharuk Sergey A. , Kaurinkoski Katja , Kuutti Mirjami , Fred Senem M. , Elsilä Lauri V. , Sakson Sven , Cannarozzo Cecilia , Diniz Cassiano R. A. F. , Seiffert Nina , Rubiolo Anna , Haapaniemi Hele , Meshi Elsa , Nagaeva Elina , Öhman Tiina , Róg Tomasz , Kankuri Esko , Vilar Marçal , Varjosalo Markku , Korpi Esa R. , Permi Perttu , Mineev Konstantin S. , Saarma Mart , Vattulainen Ilpo , Casarotto Plinio C. , Castrén Eero 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPsychedelics produce fast and persistent antidepressant effects and induce neuroplasticity resembling the effects of clinically approved antidepressants. We recently reported that pharmacologically diverse antidepressants, including fluoxetine and ketamine, act by binding to TrkB, the receptor for BDNF. Here we show that lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocin directly bind to TrkB with affinities 1,000-fold higher than those for other antidepressants, and that psychedelics and antidepressants bind to distinct but partially overlapping sites within the transmembrane domain of TrkB dimers. The effects of psychedelics on neurotrophic signaling, plasticity and antidepressant-like behavior in mice depend on TrkB binding and promotion of endogenous BDNF signaling but are independent of serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2A) activation, whereas LSD-induced head twitching is dependent on 5-HT2A and independent of TrkB binding. Our data confirm TrkB as a common primary target for antidepressants and suggest that high-affinity TrkB positive allosteric modulators lacking 5-HT2A activity may retain the antidepressant potential of psychedelics without hallucinogenic effects.
A revised landslide inventory of the Campania region (Italy)
Authors: Fusco Francesco , Tufano Rita , De Vita Pantaleone , Di Martire Diego , Di Napoli Mariano , Guerriero Luigi , Mileti Florindo Antonio , Terribile Fabio , Calcaterra Domenico 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLandslides represent a severe geohazard in many countries. The availability of inventories depicting the spatial and temporal distribution of landslides is crucial for assessing landslide susceptibility and risk for territorial planning or investigating landscape evolution. Nevertheless, these inventories are usually affected by limitations due to their nonpublic availability and inhomogeneities in characterization and mapping. Such problems are fully recognizable by the analysis of the multiple landslide inventories of the Campania region, which is one of the Italian regions with the highest exposure to landslide hazard and risk. On this basis, a revised Landslide Inventory of the Campania region (LaICa), resulting from the processing of multiple existing landslide inventories, has been reconstructed. It aims to (i) provide a new geodatabase that is able to overcome issues derived from the coexistence of multiple inventories and (ii) provide a methodological paradigm able to support the reorganization of existing official inventories. The implication of LaICa, with its 83,284 records, will possibly improve the assessment of landslide susceptibility and then reassess the related risk.
Probing the structural, mechanical, phonon, thermal, and transport properties of magnetic halide perovskites XTiBr3 (X = Rb, Cs) through ab-initio results
Authors: Shivhare Vishal , Khandy Saveer Ahmad , Gupta Dinesh C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHerein, we have first reported the intrinsic properties, including structural, mechanical, electronic, magnetic, thermal, and transport properties of XTiBr3 (X = Rb, Cs) halide perovskites within the simulation scheme of density functional theory as integrated into Wien2k. First and foremost, the structural stability in terms of their ground state energies has been keenly evaluated from their corresponding structural optimizations, which advocate that XTiBr3 (X = Rb, Cs) has a stable ferromagnetic rather than the competing non-magnetic phase. Later on, the electronic properties have been computed within the mix of two applied potential schemes like Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA) along with Trans-Bhala modified Becke Johnson (TB-mBJ), which thoroughly addresses the half-metallic behaviour with spin-up as metallic and in contrast to opposite spin-down channel signatures the semiconducting behaviour. Furthermore, the spin-splitting seen from their corresponding spin-polarised band structures offers a net magnetism of 2 µB which lends their opportunities to unlock the application branch of spintronics. In addition, these alloys have been characterised to show their mechanical stability describing the ductile feature. Moreover, phonon dispersions decisively certify the dynamical stability within the density functional perturbation theory (DFPT) context. Finally, the transport and thermal properties predicted within their specified packages have also been forwarded in this report.
A generalised deep learning-based surrogate model for homogenisation utilising material property encoding and physics-based bounds
Authors: Nakka Rajesh , Harursampath Dineshkumar , Ponnusami Sathiskumar A 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe use of surrogate models based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) is increasing significantly in microstructure analysis and property predictions. One of the shortcomings of the existing models is their limitation in feeding the material information. In this context, a simple method is developed for encoding material properties into the microstructure image so that the model learns material information in addition to the structure-property relationship. These ideas are demonstrated by developing a CNN model that can be used for fibre-reinforced composite materials with a ratio of elastic moduli of the fibre to the matrix between 5 and 250 and fibre volume fractions between 25 and 75%, which span end-to-end practical range. The learning convergence curves, with mean absolute percentage error as the metric of interest, are used to find the optimal number of training samples and demonstrate the model performance. The generality of the trained model is showcased through its predictions on completely unseen microstructures whose samples are drawn from the extrapolated domain of the fibre volume fractions and elastic moduli contrasts. Also, in order to make the predictions physically admissible, models are trained by enforcing Hashin–Shtrikman bounds which led to enhanced model performance in the extrapolated domain.
The impact of vitamin D3 supplementation on the faecal and oral microbiome of dairy calves indoors or at pasture
Authors: Vigors S. , Flores-Villalva S. , Meade K. G. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractVitamin D (VitD) is emerging as an immune regulator in addition to its established role in metabolism and mineral homeostasis. This study sought to determine if in vivo VitD modulated the oral and faecal microbiome in Holstein–Friesian dairy calves. The experimental model consisted of two control groups (Ctl-In, Ctl-Out) which were fed with a diet containing 6000 IU/Kg of VitD3 in milk replacer and 2000 IU/Kg in feed, and two treatment groups (VitD-In, VitD-Out) with 10,000 IU/Kg of VitD3 in milk replacer and 4000 IU/Kg in feed. One control and one treatment group were moved outdoors post-weaning at approximately 10 weeks of age. Saliva and faecal samples were collected after 7 months of supplementation and analysis of the microbiome was performed using 16S rRNA sequencing. Bray–Curtis dissimilarity analysis identified that both sampling site (oral vs. faecal) and housing (indoor vs. outdoor) had significant influences on the composition of the microbiome. The calves housed outdoors had greater microbial diversity in the faecal samples based on Observed, Chao1, Shannon, Simpson and Fisher measures in comparison to calves housed indoors (P < 0.05). A significant interaction between housing and treatment was observed for the genera Oscillospira, Ruminococcus, CF231 and Paludibacter in faecal samples. The genera Oscillospira and Dorea were increased while Clostridium and Blautia were decreased following VitD supplementation in the faecal samples (P < 0.05). An interaction between VitD supplementation and housing was detected in the abundance of the genera Actinobacillus and Streptococcus in the oral samples. VitD supplementation increased the genera Oscillospira, Helcococcus and reduced the genera Actinobacillus, Ruminococcus, Moraxella, Clostridium, Prevotella, Succinivibrio and Parvimonas. These preliminary data suggest that VitD supplementation alters both the oral and faecal microbiome. Further research will now be conducted to establish the significance of microbial alterations for animal health and performance.
Chemical pancreatectomy in non-human primates ablates the acini and ducts and enhances beta-cell function
Authors: Kalsi Ranjeet S. , Kreger Alexander M. , Saleh Mohamed , Yoshida Shiho , Sharma Kartikeya , Fusco Joseph , Saloman Jami L. , Zhang Ting , Thomas Madison , Sehrawat Anuradha , Wang Yan , Reif Jason , Mills Juliana , Raad Sarah , Zengin Bugra , Gomez Ana , Singhi Aatur , Tadros Sameh , Slivka Adam , Esni Farzad , Prasadan Krishna , Gittes George 
Published: June 2023

AbstractChronic pancreatitis is a debilitating disease affecting millions worldwide. These patients suffer from bouts of severe pain that are minimally relieved by pain medications and may necessitate major surgeries with high morbidity and mortality. Previously, we demonstrated that “chemical pancreatectomy,” a pancreatic intraductal infusion of dilute acetic acid solution, ablated the exocrine pancreas while preserving the endocrine pancreas. Notably, chemical pancreatectomy resolved chronic inflammation, alleviated allodynia in the cerulein pancreatitis model, and improved glucose homeostasis. Herein, we extensively tested the feasibility of a chemical pancreatectomy in NHPs and validated our previously published pilot study. We did serial computed tomography (CT) scans of the abdomen and pelvis, analyzed dorsal root ganglia, measured serum enzymes, and performed histological and ultrastructural assessments and pancreatic endocrine function assays. Based on serial CT scans, chemical pancreatectomy led to the loss of pancreatic volume. Immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy demonstrated exocrine pancreatic ablation with endocrine islet preservation. Importantly, chemical pancreatectomy did not increase pro-nociceptive markers in harvested dorsal root ganglia. Also, chemical pancreatectomy improved insulin secretion to supranormal levels in vivo and in vitro. Thus, this study may provide a foundation for translating this procedure to patients with chronic pancreatitis or other conditions requiring a pancreatectomy.
The dynamics of telomere length in primary and metastatic colorectal cancer lesions
Authors: Kroupa Michal , Kubecek Ondrej , Tomasova Kristyna , Hanak Petr , Krupova Marketa , Cervena Klara , Siskova Anna , Rosendorf Jachym , Hosek Petr , Vodickova Ludmila , Vodicka Pavel , Liska Vaclav , John Stanislav , Vymetalkova Veronika , Petera Jiri 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTelomeric sequences, the structures comprised of hexanucleotide repeats and associated proteins, play a pivotal role in chromosome end protection and preservation of genomic stability. Herein we address telomere length (TL) dynamics in primary colorectal cancer (CRC) tumour tissues and corresponding liver metastases. TL was measured by multiplex monochrome real-time qPCR in paired samples of primary tumours and liver metastases along with non-cancerous reference tissues obtained from 51 patients diagnosed with metastatic CRC. Telomere shortening was observed in the majority of primary tumour tissues compared to non-cancerous mucosa (84.1%, p < 0.0001). Tumours located within the proximal colon had shorter TL than those in the rectum (p < 0.05). TL in liver metastases was not significantly different from that in primary tumours (p = 0.41). TL in metastatic tissue was shorter in the patients diagnosed with metachronous liver metastases than in those diagnosed with synchronous liver metastases (p = 0.03). The metastatic liver lesions size correlated with the TL in metastases (p < 0.05). Following the neoadjuvant treatment, the patients with rectal cancer had shortened telomeres in tumour tissue than prior to the therapy (p = 0.01). Patients with a TL ratio between tumour tissue and the adjacent non-cancerous mucosa of ≥ 0.387 were associated with increased overall survival (p = 0.01). This study provides insights into TL dynamics during progression of the disease. The results show TL differences in metastatic lesions and may help in clinical practice to predict the patient’s prognosis.
Radiocesium mobility in different parts of the two major tree species in Fukushima
Authors: Manaka Takuya , Araki Masatake G. , Ohashi Shinta , Imamura Naohiro , Sakashita Wataru , Ogo Sumika , Komatsu Masabumi , Sakata Tadashi , Shinomiya Yoshiki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRadiocesium (137Cs) released in the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident is still cycling in the forest ecosystem. We examined the mobility of 137Cs in the external parts—leaves/needles, branches, and bark—of the two major tree species in Fukushima, Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) and konara oak (Quercus serrata). This variable mobility will likely lead to spatial heterogeneity of 137Cs and difficulty in predicting its dynamics for decades. We conducted leaching experiments on these samples by using ultrapure water and ammonium acetate. In Japanese cedar, the 137Cs percentage leached from current-year needles was 26–45% (ultrapure water) and 27–60% (ammonium acetate)—similar to those from old needles and branches. In konara oak, the 137Cs percentage leached from leaves was 47–72% (ultrapure water) and 70–100% (ammonium acetate)—comparable to those from current-year and old branches. Relatively poor 137Cs mobility was observed in the outer bark of Japanese cedar and in organic layer samples from both species. Comparison of the results from corresponding parts revealed greater 137Cs mobility in konara oak than in Japanese cedar. We suggest that more active cycling of 137Cs occurs in konara oak.
Multiple visual objects are represented differently in the human brain and convolutional neural networks
Authors: Mocz Viola , Jeong Su Keun , Chun Marvin , Xu Yaoda 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjects in the real world usually appear with other objects. To form object representations independent of whether or not other objects are encoded concurrently, in the primate brain, responses to an object pair are well approximated by the average responses to each constituent object shown alone. This is found at the single unit level in the slope of response amplitudes of macaque IT neurons to paired and single objects, and at the population level in fMRI voxel response patterns in human ventral object processing regions (e.g., LO). Here, we compare how the human brain and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) represent paired objects. In human LO, we show that averaging exists in both single fMRI voxels and voxel population responses. However, in the higher layers of five CNNs pretrained for object classification varying in architecture, depth and recurrent processing, slope distribution across units and, consequently, averaging at the population level both deviated significantly from the brain data. Object representations thus interact with each other in CNNs when objects are shown together and differ from when objects are shown individually. Such distortions could significantly limit CNNs’ ability to generalize object representations formed in different contexts.
Effect of signal timing on vehicles’ near misses at intersections
Authors: Islam Zubayer , Abdel-Aty Mohamed , Goswamy Amrita , Abdelraouf Amr , Zheng Ou 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDriving characteristics often vary between the different states of the signal. During red and yellow phase, drivers tend to speed up and reduce the following distance which in turn increases the possibility of rear end crashes. Intersection safety, therefore, relies on the correct modelling of signal phasing and timing parameters, and how drivers respond to its changes. This paper aims to identify the relationship between surrogate safety measures and signal phasing. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) video data has been used to study a major intersection. Post encroachment time (PET) between vehicles was calculated from the video data as well as speed, heading and relevant signal timing parameters such as all red time, red clearance time, yellow time, etc. Random parameter ordered logit model was used to model the relationship between PET and signal timing parameters. Overall, the results showed that yellow time and red clearance time is positively related to PETs. The model was also able to identify certain signal phases that could be a potential safety hazard and would need to be retimed by considering the PETs. The odds ratios from the models also indicate that increasing the mean yellow and red clearance times by one second can improve the PET levels by 10% and 3%, respectively.
Physics-assisted machine learning methods for predicting the splitting tensile strength of recycled aggregate concrete
Authors: Liu Jianguo , Han Xiangyu , Pan Yin , Cui Kai , Xiao Qinghua 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRecycled aggregate concrete (RAC) has become a popular building material due to its eco-friendly features, but the difficulty in predicting the crack resistance of RAC is increasingly impeding its application. In this study, splitting tensile strength is adopted to describe the crack resistance ability of RAC, and physics-assisted machine learning (ML) methods are used to construct the predictive models for the splitting tensile strength of RAC. The results show that the AdaBoost model has excellent predictive performance with the help of the Firefly algorithm, and physical assistance plays a remarkable role in selecting features and verifying the ML models. Due to the limit in data size and the generalizability of the model, the dataset should be supplemented with more representative data, and an algorithm for small sample sizes could be studied in the future.
Simulation study of oxytetracycline contamination remediation in groundwater circulation wells enhanced by nano-calcium peroxide and ozone
Authors: Wang Xinyi , Zhang Lei , Han Chunmei , Zhang Yanyan , Zhuo Jiaxin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe widespread use of antibiotics in recent years has led to increasing antibiotic contamination of shallow groundwater. As the most widely used tetracycline antibiotic, oxytetracycline has received a lot of attention from researchers due to its stable molecular structure and difficulty in degradation. Aiming at remediation of oxytetracycline pollution in shallow groundwater, nano-calcium peroxide (nCaO2) and ozone (O3) are used to enhance the degradation of oxytetracycline in groundwater circulation well (GCW). A three-dimensional sand box test device for circulation wells is designed to explore the repair efficiency of circulation wells strengthened by different oxidants. The results show that after nCaO2 and O3 enhancing circulation wells operate for 10 h, the average removal rate of OTC reaches 83%, and the highest removal rate is 88.13%, which is 79.23% and 13.96% respectively higher than that of nCaO2 and O3 enhanced circulation wells alone, and there is no rebound phenomenon after aeration stops. The in-situ treatment of enhanced GCW by nCaO2 and O3 has potential applications for the removal of OTC in groundwater environments.
SSMD-UNet: semi-supervised multi-task decoders network for diabetic retinopathy segmentation
Authors: Ullah Zahid , Usman Muhammad , Latif Siddique , Khan Asifullah , Gwak Jeonghwan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDiabetic retinopathy (DR) is a diabetes complication that can cause vision loss among patients due to damage to blood vessels in the retina. Early retinal screening can avoid the severe consequences of DR and enable timely treatment. Nowadays, researchers are trying to develop automated deep learning-based DR segmentation tools using retinal fundus images to help Ophthalmologists with DR screening and early diagnosis. However, recent studies are unable to design accurate models due to the unavailability of larger training data with consistent and fine-grained annotations. To address this problem, we propose a semi-supervised multitask learning approach that exploits widely available unlabelled data (i.e., Kaggle-EyePACS) to improve DR segmentation performance. The proposed model consists of novel multi-decoder architecture and involves both unsupervised and supervised learning phases. The model is trained for the unsupervised auxiliary task to effectively learn from additional unlabelled data and improve the performance of the primary task of DR segmentation. The proposed technique is rigorously evaluated on two publicly available datasets (i.e., FGADR and IDRiD) and results show that the proposed technique not only outperforms existing state-of-the-art techniques but also exhibits improved generalisation and robustness for cross-data evaluation.
In vivo toxicity evaluation of a polyoxotungstate nanocluster as a promising contrast agent for computed tomography
Authors: Stojanović Marko , Lalatović Jovana , Milosavljević Aleksandra , Savić Nada , Simms Charlotte , Radosavljević Branimir , Ćetković Mila , Kravić Stevović Tamara , Mrda Davor , Čolović Mirjana B. , Parac-Vogt Tatjana N. , Krstić Danijela 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this study, we demonstrate for the first time, that a discrete metal-oxo cluster α-/β-K6P2W18O62 (WD-POM) exhibits superior performance as a computed tomography (CT) contrast agent, in comparison to the standard contrast agent iohexol. A toxicity evaluation of WD-POM was performed according to standard toxicological protocols using Wistar albino rats. The maximum tolerable dose (MTD) of 2000 mg/kg was initially determined after oral WD-POM application. The acute intravenous toxicity of single WD-POM doses (1/3, 1/5, and 1/10 MTD), which are at least fifty times higher than the typically used dose (0.015 mmol W kg−1) of tungsten-based contrast agents, was evaluated for 14 days. The results of arterial blood gas analysis, CO-oximetry status, electrolyte and lactate levels for 1/10 MTD group (80% survival rate) indicated the mixed respiratory and metabolic acidosis. The highest deposition of WD-POM (0.6 ppm tungsten) was found in the kidney, followed by liver (0.15 ppm tungsten), for which the histological analysis revealed morphological irregularities, although the renal function parameters (creatinine and BUN levels) were within the physiological range. This study is the first and important step in evaluating side effects of polyoxometalate nanoclusters, which in recent years have shown a large potential as therapeutics and contrast agents.