bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Approaching Charge Compensation Limit for Promoting Magnetoresistance in 2D Nonlayered MoO2 via Surface Hydrogen Passivation
Authors: Chen Huanzhi , Tian Zongkui , Zhou Xilong , Fan Xiulian , Li Zian , Li Cheng , Niu Chenyang , Chu Wenlong , Zhou Yuqi , He Liqi , Yang Yumeng , Peng Zheng , Zhou Yu 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLarge non‐saturated magnetoresistances of semimetals are dominated by charge compensation due to their unique electronic structure. However, the dramatic magnetoresistance deteriorations are often observed in low‐dimensional system resulting from high‐density surface defects, where the suppression of charge scattering or concentration unbalance with highly maintained magnetoresistance is still challenging. Herein, a hydrogen annealing strategy is developed for surface defects passivation of 2D MoO2 nanoflakes. Systematical characterization for H‐MoO2 nanoflakes reveals the formation of hydrogen chemical bonds that reduce surface defect density and slightly change Fermi level with unchanged bulk structures. An obviously enhanced magnetoresistance of 9.2% is demonstrated for H‐MoO2 nanoflakes compared to Ar‐MoO2 of 3.9% at 10 K and 9 T. The analysis of the nonlinearity Hall resistivity unravels the concentration of electrons and holes in H‐MoO2 approaches a more balanced equilibrium, which is attributed to surface defects passivation resulting in the suppression of self‐doping effects for enhanced magnetoresistance rather than the reduced charge scattering with slightly enhanced carrier mobility. The research not only provides a universal surface passivation strategy on 2D nonlayered semimetals for approaching the charge compensation limit with the preserved magnetoresistance but also underscores the significance of surface passivation in tuning electronic structures of 2D nonlayered materials.
A Surface‐Bulk Integrated Strategy of Ti Doping and LaTiO3 Coating Achieves Highly Reversible Anionic Redox and Fast‐Charging Cyclability in Cobalt‐Free Lithium‐Rich Layered Oxides
Authors: Ren Xuanxuan , Wang Gongrui , Chen Tongle , Yang Mingzhe , Mu Tong , Song Li , Feng Xiang , Wu Zhong‐Shuai 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCobalt‐free lithium‐rich oxides (LROs) are promising cathode candidates for high‐energy‐density lithium‐ion batteries due to their high specific capacity and cost‐effectiveness, however, still limited by their structural instability and irreversible oxygen‐anionic redox reactions (OARR). Herein, a surface‐bulk integrated strategy is reported, using trace Ti doping into the bulk and perovskite LaTiO3 coating on the surface of cobalt‐free LRO (LP‐LRO), to exceptionally strengthen the reversibility of OARR. Profited from the electron‐localization effect of Ti doping and the physical‐barrier effect of LaTiO3 coating, the LP‐LRO achieves an upgraded discharge capacity of 271 mAh g−1 over bare LRO (B‐LRO, 243 mAh g−1) at 0.1 C, along with excellent cyclability, maintaining 80% capacity after ultra‐long 700 cycles at 5 C, superior to B‐LRO (60%) and most reported cobalt‐free LROs. The pouch cell of Si/C||LP‐LRO with a capacity of 800 mAh also displays excellent cyclability and energy retention rate, demonstrative of applicability. Using in‐situ and ex‐situ characterizations, it is disclosed that the boosted reversibility of OARR and enhanced stability of surface‐interface structure are established in LP‐LRO, guiding the formation of robust and conductive cathode electrolyte interphases, resulting in greatly improved Li+ storage performance. This work presents an avenue toward high‐energy‐density cobalt‐free LROs for fast‐charging long‐life batteries.
Disulfide Glass: An Optical Polymer for Commodity Plastics, Precision Optics, and Photonics
Authors: Molineux Jake , Durfee Sam W. , Hyde Ramses , Malaker Matthew C. , Narr Jacob P. , Kim Kyung‐Jo , Himmelhuber Roland , Kim Young‐Jae , Bog Min‐Gap , Jeong Byeongjoon , Cho Woongbi , Wie Jeong Jae , Krishnan Nithiyaa Bala , Yang Yi Yan , Norwood Robert A. , Pyun Jeffrey 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe development of an organic optical glass, termed, disulfide glass (DSG), is reported as a new polymer for commodity plastic optics and thin film photonic applications. This low‐cost thermoset polymer possesses excellent transparency across the visible and infrared spectrum comparable to the best optical plastic to date, poly(methyl methacrylate), while having superior refractive index (n ≈ 1.6). DSG can be fabricated into defect‐free, thick optical glass by bulk addition polymerization of two commodity monomers (sulfur monochloride, 1,3,5‐triallyl isocyanurate) via a new polymerization, sulfenyl chloride inverse vulcanization. The robust mechanical properties and optical clarity of DSG enable fabrication of precision optics (lenses, prisms) via diamond turn machining to demonstrate the manufacturability of DSG for commodity plastic optics. Finally, the synthetic modularity of DSG is demonstrated to form solution processable forms for the fabrication of thin film polymer photonic devices, negative tone polymer photoresists, and micropatterned arrays.
Ultrahigh Energy Density in All‐Organic Composites Synergistically Tailored by PMMA and Molecular Semiconductor
Authors: Wang Tao , Zhang Mengyu , Song Rui , Fan Zhenhao , Mohamad Ahmad Azmin , Song Kaixin , Wang Dawei , Zhang Mingfu 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe inherent limitations (particularly low discharged energy density, Ud ≈2 J∙cm−3) of commercially available biaxially‐oriented polypropylene (BOPP) film capacitors significantly restrict their broader application in advanced energy storage systems. This study presents a novel approach to overcome this limitation through the development of all‐organic dielectric composite films. A ternary polymer blend matrix, comprising poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), and poly(vinylidene fluoride‐hexafluoropropylene) (P(VDF‐HFP)), is employed, with the incorporation of 1,4,5,8‐naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (NTCDA) molecular semiconductors as nanofillers. Systematic investigation reveals that controlled modulation of the PMMA content within the blend matrix effectively suppresss leakage current by reducing crystallinity, minimizing crystallite size, and stabilizing the γ‐phase in the ferroelectric polymer matrix. Simultaneously, the introduction of NTCDA nanofillers create a high density of deep electron traps, thereby impeding charge injection and enhancing charge carrier trapping within the composite film. The optimized composite film, incorporating 0.5 vol.% NTCDA and 40 wt.% PMMA within the PVDF/P(VDF‐HFP) matrix, demonstrates a substantial enhancement in both breakdown strength (Eb) of 1054 MV∙m−1 and Ud of 28.10 J∙cm−3, representing a considerable improvement over conventional BOPP‐based capacitor. These findings offer a promising strategy for the design and fabrication of high‐performance all‐organic dielectric composite films for next‐generation energy storage applications.
Quantum Dots‐Engineered Flexible Hydrogel as Plant‐Wearable Sensor for on‐Site Profiling Dynamic Pesticide Degradation
Authors: Chen Jianling , Wang Chenfei , Huang Xinda , Wan Rongyan , Zhu Zihan , Sun Guiping , Wang Xuan , Chen Hong , Han Lirong , Li Linsen , Li Haiyin , Chi Zhenguo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEngineering wearable devices for in situ and on‐site monitoring of pesticide residues from plants in a non‐destructive manner is of great research value but remains a huge challenge. In this study, a plant‐wearable fluorescence sensor CdTe CDs@PVA@AG, is designed and constructed by embedding CdTe QDs in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and agarose (AG)‐co‐assembled double‐network hydrogel to transmit on‐the‐scene pesticides residues messages. Harnessing red emission and stimuli‐responsive performance of CdTe QDs, as well as hydrogel's excellent flexibility, high adhesion, and porous network, CdTe CDs@PVA@AG is endowed with quantitative response to thiram at ≈µm level within 2 min through promoting fluorescence silence in conjunction with the transformation of images into primary colors as digital signals. More interestingly, CdTe CDs@PVA@AG is capable of being tightly pasted onto various crops’ surfaces and then is not only explored to appraise pesticide residue levels but also to profile the dynamic pesticide degradation, in a non‐destructive manner. This work opens up a new avenue to engineer plant‐wearable devices for in situ, on‐site, and non‐destructive capturing of the pesticide residue information from crops, favoring the accurate monitoring of the health status of crops, and rapid and healthy development of smart agriculture.
A Homeostatic Photonic Device Integrating Vapor‐Regulated Thermo‐Optical Feedback Mechanisms
Authors: Byun Caroline , Ceratti Davide R. , Mimoso Clémence , Boissière Cédric , Faustini Marco 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSelf‐adaptation and homeostasis are features that distinguish living systems from artificial materials. Living systems, such as plants or the human eye, integrate positive and negative feedback mechanisms to autonomously manage their thermal, optical, and chemical responses to changing sunlight conditions. However, replicating such sophisticated behavior in artificial devices presents a significant challenge. Herein, an inorganic homeostatic device is proposed that integrates both positive and negative feedback mechanisms for adaptive regulation of optical properties, water chemical potential, and local temperature driven by a dynamic change of photonic colors. This device consists of a mesoporous graded one dimensional (1D) photonic crystal, acting as a temperature‐responsive shield, coupled with a photothermal layer. The architecture of the device is designed to harness the temperature‐driven vapor sorption into mesoporous to create the feedback. The lateral gradient of the photonic stop band enables achieving dual feedback across multiple wavelengths by simply shifting the light beam's position. In the presence of light, the thermo‐optical device is able to either amplify or attenuate the optical absorption, reflectivity, and local temperature and dynamically change its structural colors. The structure and performance of the device are characterized using multiple techniques such as Grazing‐Incidence Small‐Angle X‐ray Scattering and time‐resolved hyperspectral microscopy. Importantly, the device is fabricated using solution processing, making it compatible with low‐cost manufacturing and paving the way for the development of adaptive and time‐programmed systems for applications like thermo‐regulating windows, smart filters, programmable meta‐surfaces, vapor sensors, or even optical computing.
Asymmetric Bridging Multi‐Active Sites in a‐NiSeS Cocatalyst for Upgrading Photocatalytic H2 Evolution
Authors: Gao Duoduo , Zhang Xidong , Wang Ping , Yu Jiaguo , Yu Huogen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCocatalyst‐coupled photocatalytic system offers an attractive tactic to produce eco‐friendly H2 fuel from renewable water and sunlight. However, the efficiency of single homologous active site in current cocatalysts is seriously restricted by the opposite binding‐energy requirement for hydrogen adsorption and desorption. Herein, an asymmetric strategy of bridging multi‐active sites is validated to break the strong relevancy of H adsorption–desorption rate on the designed amorphous NiSeS (a‐NiSeS) cocatalyst. It is found that the S–Ni–Se modules with self‐optimized electron‐rich S(2+δ)− and electron‐deficient Se(2‐δ)− atoms can induce the transfer of hydrogen from S(2+δ)− to Se(2‐δ)− sites for synchronously realizing the fast H adsorption and desorption. Consequently, the TiO2/a‐NiSeS photocatalyst delivers a significantly enhanced H2‐evolution activity of 8216 µmol h−1 g−1, which is 2.5 and 3.3 times higher than that of TiO2/a‐NiS and TiO2/a‐NiSe, respectively. The improved activity is ascribed to the unique synergistic mechanism of asymmetric bridging multi‐active sites, namely, S(2+δ)− site works as the hydrogen‐rich center, thermodynamically neutral bridge site of S–Ni–Se functions as the mediator for rapidly transferring H from S(2+δ)− to Se(2‐δ)−, while the Se(2‐δ)− site expedites the desorption of hydrogen to free H2. This work provides atomic‐level insight into the underlying cocatalytic mechanism of H adsorption and desorption.
Computer‐Aided Design of Self‐Assembled Nanoparticles to Enhance Cancer Chemoimmunotherapy via Dual‐Modulation Strategy
Authors: Shan Xiaoting , Cai Ying , Zhu Binyu , Sun Xujie , Zhou Lingli , Zhao Zhiwen , Li Yaping , Wang Dangge 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe rational design of self‐assembled compounds is crucial for the highly efficient development of carrier‐free nanomedicines. Herein, based on computer‐aided strategies, important physicochemical properties are identified to guide the rational design of self‐assembled compounds. Then, the pharmacophore hybridization strategy is used to design self‐assemble nanoparticles by preparing new chemical structures by combining pharmacophore groups of different bioactive compounds. Hydroxychloroquine is grafted with the lipophilic vitamin E succinate and then co‐assembled with bortezomib to fabricate the nanoparticle. The nanoparticle can reduce M2‐type tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) through lysosomal alkalization and induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) and nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) inhibition in tumor cells. In mouse models, the nanoparticles induce decreased levels of M2‐type TAMs, regulatory T cells, and transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β), and increase the proportion of cytotoxicity T lymphocytes. Additionally, the nanoparticles reduce the secretion of Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) by inhibiting NF‐κB and enhance the programmed death ligand‐1 (PD‐L1) checkpoint blockade therapy. The pharmacophore hybridization‐derived nanoparticle provides a dual‐modulation strategy to reprogram the tumor microenvironment, which will efficiently enhance the chemoimmunotherapy against triple‐negative breast cancer.
Unconventional Ferroelectric‐Ferroelastic Switching Mediated by Non‐Polar Phase in Fluorite Oxides
Authors: Wang Shiyu , Li Xinyan , Liu Zhuohui , Gao Ang , Zhang Qinghua , Lin Ting , Zhong Hai , Su Dong , Jin Kuijuan , Ge Chen , Gu Lin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHfO2/ZrO2‐based ferroelectrics present tremendous potential for next‐generation non‐volatile memory due to their high scalability and compatibility with silicon technology. Unlike the continuous polar layers in perovskite ferroelectrics, HfO2/ZrO2‐based ferroelectrics are composed of alternating polar layers with oxygen shifts and non‐polar spacers, which leads to a distinct ferroelectric switching mechanism. However, directly observing the switching process has been a big challenge due to the polymorph feature of nanoscale fluorites and the difficulty in in situ imaging on light elements. Here, the ferroelectric‐ferroelastic coupled switching process in freestanding ZrO2 thin films is directly visualized by in situ imaging on oxygen motions. A multi‐step 90‐degree polarization switching mechanism is uncovered that challenges the conventional one‐step 180‐degree switching paradigms in fluorite oxides, which is highly consistent with the interlocked nature of ferroelectricity and ferroelasticity. A non‐polar tetragonal (T) phase is discovered as a crucial intermediate state, lowering the energy barrier for polarization switching by 35%. More importantly, the T phase prevents irreversible transitions to the non‐polar ground state and facilitates stable ferroelectric switching. These findings are fundamental to understanding nanoscale polarization switching mechanisms in fluorite ferroelectrics, paving the way for advanced high‐durability devices.
Supramolecular Scale Hydrophilicity Regulation Enabling Efficient Dewatering and Assembly of Nanocellulose into Dense and Strong Bulk Materials as Sustainable Plastic Substitutes
Authors: Zhou Jie , Ma Yifan , Chen Junqing , Cai Ziyan , Qi Luhe , Cui Jinyi , Deng Shilin , Ouyang Wengen , Fang Zhiqiang , Qiu Xueqing , Chen Chaoji 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCellulose nanofibers (CNFs) are ideal building blocks for creating lightweight and strong bulk structural materials due to their unique supramolecular structure and exceptional mechanical properties within the crystalline regions. However, assembling CNFs into dense bulk structural materials with customizable shape and functionalities remains a great challenge, hindering their practical applications. Here, the dewatering issue of aqueous CNF dispersions is addressed by regulating supramolecular scale hydrophilicity using lactic acid, combined with hot‐press molding. This approach enables the fabrication of transparent CNF bulk structural materials with a density of up to 1.426 g cm−3. The mechanical properties, including isotropic in‐plane tensile strength (75.5 ± 4.5 MPa), flexural strength (198 ± 20 MPa), and hardness (≈300 MPa), surpass most engineering plastics. Moreover, unlike conventional CNF based materials, the CNF bulk structural materials exhibit remarkable water stability and flame retardancy. These unique advantages open a new avenue to bottom‐up assembly of CNFs into high‐performance multifunctional eco‐friendly structural materials, dedicating to substitution of plastics and easing the consumption of petrochemical resources.
Flexible Neuromorphic Electronics for Wearable Near‐Sensor and In‐Sensor Computing Systems
Authors: Jang Hyowon , Lee Jihwan , Beak Chang‐Jae , Biswas Swarup , Lee Sin‐Hyung , Kim Hyeok 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFlexible neuromorphic architectures that emulate biological cognitive systems hold great promise for smart wearable electronics. To realize neuro‐inspired sensing and computing electronics, artificial sensory neurons that detect and process external stimuli must be integrated with central nervous systems capable of parallel computation. In near‐sensor computing, synaptic devices, and sensors are used to emulate sensory neurons and receptors, respectively. In contrast, in in‐sensor computing, a single multifunctional device serves as both the receptor and neuron. Bio‐inspired cognitive systems efficiently detect and process stimuli through data structuring techniques, significantly reducing data volume and enabling the extension of neuromorphic applications to smart wearable systems. To construct wearable near‐ and in‐sensor computing, it is crucial to develop artificial sensory neurons and central nervous synapses that replicate the biological functionalities. Additionally, the integrated systems must exhibit high mechanical flexibility and integration density. This review addresses research on flexible bio‐inspired cognitive systems, classified into near‐ and in‐sensor computing. It covers fundamental aspects, including biological cognitive processes, the required components, and the structures for each component, as well as applications for wearable smart systems. Finally, it offers perspectives on future research directions for flexible neuromorphic electronics in smart wearable systems connected to the next‐generation Internet of Things.
Destabilization of Single‐Atom Catalysts: Characterization, Mechanisms, and Regeneration Strategies
Authors: Lang Zhiquan , Wang Xixi , Jabeen Sobia , Cheng Yuanyuan , Liu Naiyun , Liu Zhenhui , Gan Tao , Zhuang Zechao , Li Haitao , Wang Dingsheng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractNumerous in situ characterization studies have focused on revealing the catalytic mechanisms of single‐atom catalysts (SACs), providing a theoretical basis for their rational design. Although research is relatively limited, the stability of SACs under long‐term operating conditions is equally important and a prerequisite for their real‐world energy applications, such as fuel cells and water electrolyzers. Recently, there has been a rise in in situ characterization studies on the destabilization and regeneration of SACs; however, timely and comprehensive summaries that provide the catalysis community with valuable insights and research directions are still lacking. This review summarizes recent advances in the destabilization mechanisms and regeneration strategies of SACs, specifically highlighting various state‐of‐the‐art characterization techniques employed in the studies. The factors that induce destabilization in SACs are identified by discussing the failure of active sites, coordination environments, supports, and reaction conditions under long‐term operating scenarios. Next, the primary regeneration strategies for SACs are introduced, including redispersion, surface poison desorption, and exposure of subsurface active sites. Additionally, the advantages and limitations of both in situ and ex situ characterization techniques are discussed. Finally, future research directions are proposed, aimed at constructing structure–stability relationships and guiding the design of more stable SACs.
Dynamic Numerical Model of Mucus Feeding in Gastropoda
Authors: Filippov Alexander E. , Gorb Stanislav N. , Krings Wencke 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMolluscan mucus plays vital roles in various behaviors, particularly in feeding, by capturing food particles in a net‐like structure. Recent findings underscore the role of snail saliva in particle retention by reducing particle loss following radula scraping. Given the challenges of studying snail saliva or mucus in small volumes, a numerical model using MATLAB is developed to simulate interactions between mucus, saliva, and food particles during feeding, focusing on varying viscosity, and adhesion levels. The study demonstrates that the adhesive and viscous properties of saliva are critical for particle capture, directly impacting feeding efficiency. Simulations show that higher adhesion (“stickiness”) in saliva enhances particle retention, consistent with observations that feeding efficiency depends on the physical properties of saliva. Furthermore, older viscous saliva can form boundary “belts” that direct younger, less viscous saliva with food particles toward the mouth, improving feeding efficiency by minimizing lateral diffusion. This protocol provides a flexible framework, enabling future parameter adjustments to explore how aquatic environments may select for saliva with increased shear resistance and stability, which are essential for the species' ecological adaptability. Additionally, this study presents a protocol for operating with arrays of variable lengths in numerical simulations.
Prenatal Care of Parents Who Continued Pregnancies With Down Syndrome, 2003–2022
Authors: Artal Jonathan M. , Randall Lindsey , Rubeck Sabina , Allyse Megan , Michie Marsha , Riggan Kirsten A. , Meredith Stephanie , Skotko Brian G. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTParents of children with Down syndrome have historically reported poor experiences receiving a prenatal diagnosis. In a 2003 survey, mothers reported that their physicians pitied them, emphasized negative aspects of Down syndrome, and encouraged them to terminate the pregnancy. This study assesses whether parents' perceptions have since improved. Community‐based organizations that had distributed the original 2003 survey distributed a similar survey to parents who have had a child with Down syndrome since 2003. Compared to the 2003 survey, parents continued to report dissatisfaction with their prenatal medical care (N = 60). Though subgroups became likelier to view their testing experience positively, parents' experiences worsened on certain metrics. Most parents reported dissatisfaction when providers conveyed pity or attempted to influence their decision‐making about the pregnancy. Interventions to date have failed to improve parents' perceptions of their prenatal medical support, urging new strategies to improve parents' care.