bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Keragaman Fitoplankton dan Potensi Harmfull Algal Blooms (HABs) di Perairan Sungai Musi Bagian Hilir Provinsi Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Aryawati Riris , Melki Melki , Azhara Inda , Ulqodry Tengku Zia , Hendri Muhammad 
Published: February 2023

Sungai Musi merupakan sungai terpanjang di Pulau Sumatera yang banyak dimanfaatkan masyarakat sebagai jalur transportasi dan berbagai aktivitas lainnya. Sungai Musi merupakan habitat fitoplankton yang dapat menjadi indikator kualitas perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kelimpahan, keragaman, keseragaman, dominansi, dan menganalisis potensi HABs fitoplankton di Perairan Sungai Musi bagian hilir. Hasil pengamatan pada 10 stasiun, ditemukan 6 genus fitoplankton dari kelas Bacillariophyceae (Bacillaria, Coscinodiscus, Ghemponema, Navicula, Skeletonema, Strepthotecha), 6 genus dari kelas Chlorophyceae (Chlorella, Hydrodiction, Micrasterias, Pediastrum, Platydorina, Spirogyra), 1 genus dari kelas Cyanophyceae (Oscillatoria). Hasil analisis diperoleh kelimpahan sebesar 10-483 sel/L, indeks keanekaragaman (H’) 0,89-1,57, indeks keseragaman (E) 0,75-0,99, dan indeks dominansi (C) 0,25-0,46 dengan genus fitoplankton di kelimpahan tertinggi Spirogyra dan terendah Bacillaria. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan parameter fisika-kimia termasuk kategori baik untuk pertumbuhan fitoplankton dan ditemukan beberapa jenis fitoplankton yang berpotensi HABs (Coscinodiscus, Skeletonema, Oscillatoria). The Musi River, the longest river on the island of Sumatra, is widely used by the community as a transportation route and for various other activities. Therefore, the Musi River is a habitat for phytoplankton and can be a bioindicator of water quality. This study aims to determine the success of analysing the abundance, diversity, uniformity, dominance and potential of HABs phytoplankton downstream of the Musi River. Observations of 10 sampling stations found six genera from the class Bacillariophyceae (Bacillaria, Coscinodiscus, Ghemponema, Navicula, Skeletonema, Streptotheca), six genera from the class Chlorophyceae (Chlorella, Hydrodiction, Micrasterias, Pediastrum, Platydorina, Spirogyra), one genus class Cyanophyceae (Oscillatoria). The results of the analysis obtained an abundance of 18-483 cells/L, the diversity index (H') 0.89-1.57, uniformity index (E) 0.75-0.99, and dominance index (C) 0.25-0.46 with the phytoplankton genus in the highest abundance of Spirogyra and the lowest Bacillariophyceae. Furthermore, the results of the observations show that the physicochemical parameters are in a suitable category for phytoplankton growth and found several types of phytoplankton that have the potential for HABs (Coscinodiscus, Skeletonema, Oscillatoria).
Optimization of apigenin nanoparticles prepared by planetary ball milling: In vitro and in vivo studies
Authors: Alshehri Abdulla Ali , Ibrahim Mohamed Abbas , Alshehri Sultan Mohamed , Alshora Doaa , Elzayat Ehab Mostafa , Almeanazel Osaid , Alsaadi Badr , El Sherbiny Gamal A. , Osman Shaaban Khalaf 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This study intended to optimize apigenin (APG) nanoparticle formulation prepared by planetary ball milling to enhance its dissolution rate and bioavailability using a design of experiment (DoE). In this study, polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP K30) was used as a nanoparticle stabilizer. The independent parameters of milling speed, milling ball size, and drug to solvent ratio were evaluated for their impacts on APG nanoparticles concerning the nanoparticle size (Y1), zeta potential (Y2), and drug dissolution efficiency after 60 min, notated as % DE60 (Y3). The milling ball size showed a significant antagonistic effect (P = 0.0210) on the size of APG nanoparticles, while milling speed had an agonistic effect on the zeta potential values of drug nanoparticles, ranging from low to medium speed levels. In addition, ANOVA analysis indicated that the effect of the drug-to-solvent ratio on the % DE60 of APG from the nanoparticle formulations was antagonistically significant (P = 0.015), and the quadratic effect of milling speed (AA) also had a significant antagonistic effect (P = 0.025) on the % DE60. Risk assessment analytical tools revealed that milling ball size and milling speed significantly affect the nanoparticle size. The drug/solvent ratio exerted a strong impact on % DE60. Furthermore, the maximum plasma concentration (C
max) of the optimized APG nanoparticle formula increased by four folds. In addition, AUC0–t
(ng·mL−1·h−1) for APG nanoparticle (353.7 ± 185.3 ng·mL−1·h−1) was higher than that noticed in the case of the untreated drug (149 ± 137.5 ng·mL−1·h−1) by more than two folds.
Preterm prelabor rupture of membranes in singletons: maternal and neonatal outcomes
Authors: Madan Ichchha , Jackson Frank I. , Figueroa Reinaldo , Bahado-Singh Ray 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To determine the effect of gestational age at delivery on maternal and neonatal outcomes in preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) and assess various predictors of neonatal and infant mortality in these pregnancies.

Methods
United States birth data from CDC-National Center for Health Statistics natality database for years 2004–2008 was used to identify singleton pregnancies with PPROM and delivery from 32 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks. Controls were singletons at 37–40 weeks, without PPROM. Maternal and neonatal complications reported by all states were analyzed along with neonatal outcomes such as chorioamnionitis and hyaline membrane disease, reported by a subgroup of states. OR (95% CI) were calculated after adjusting for preeclampsia, diabetes, chronic hypertension, maternal race, and infant sex.

Results
There were 134,502 PPROM cases and similar number of controls. There was a significant decrease in need for prolonged ventilation, hyaline membrane disease, 5 min Apgar score <7, and NICU admission with advancing gestational age. Placental abruption decreased and chorioamnionitis and cord prolapse were not different between 34 and 37 weeks. We found reductions in early death, neonatal death, and infant mortality with advancing gestational age (p<0.001 for each). Gestational age at delivery was the strongest predictor for early death, neonatal death, and infant mortality in PPROM. These differences persisted after adjusting for antenatal steroid use.

Conclusions
We provide population-based evidence showing a decrease in neonatal complications and death with advancing gestational age in PPROM. Gestational age at delivery in pregnancies with PPROM is the strongest predictor of mortality risk.
Migrant language and identity in the Spanish-speaking community in Israel
Authors: Fritzler Marcela 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSpanish has a considerable presence in the socio-cultural mosaic of Israel, a country made up of ethnolinguistic communities from different parts of the world. However, language policy has not always integrated the study of languages as a source of interculturality. This paper summarizes the results of the first stage of a broader investigation into the linguistic practices and strategies developed by Spanish-speaking families to acquire and preserve the migrant language, as a way of transmitting the heritage, identity and culture of the country of origin in the face of the influence of the majority language, Hebrew. To this end, individual interviews were conducted to record specific data on the Spanish-speaking community and, particularly, the presence of Spanish as a vehicular language through the identification of sociocultural references among families who arrived under the Law of Return and include members who are 15 years of age or younger. The surveys reflect that the interest and affective need to preserve the language are main motivators in these Spanish-speaking families. These conclusions served as a basis for in the afore-mentioned group were considered relevant conclusions within the broad objectives of the larger project, which seeks to create a program of intergenerational activities to develop respectful bilingualism and strengthen the community of practice as a space to build the mutant puzzle between the inherited and acquired identity of children and youth.
Anisotropy of epoxy acrylate with magnetic field-induced Ni-MWNTs
Authors: Ding Qingjun , Chu Xiaocheng , Zhao Gai 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this paper, epoxy acrylate/nickel-plated carbon nanotubes composites with different structural orientations (X, Z) were prepared by digital light procession 3D, and the orientation of nickel-plated carbon nanotubes in the magnetic field and its effect on the mechanical properties of the composites were systematically studied. The scanning electron microscope shows the orientation of the fiber in the magnetic field. The experimental results show that the mechanical properties and friction coefficient of the material show obvious anisotropy, but the anisotropy of wear rate is not obvious. The tensile strength of the X sample is about 18% higher than that of the Z sample when the content of nickel-plated carbon nanotubes was 0.15 wt%. The impact strength of the X sample is about 15% higher than that of the Z sample when the content of Ni-MWNTs was 0.1 wt%. The friction coefficient on the plane (X, Y) is about 20% lower than that on the plane (Y, Z) when the content of carbon nanotubes is 0.05 wt%.
A comparison study on experimental characterization of unidirectional fiber reinforced composites using strain-gauges and virtual extensometers
Authors: Alci Muhsin , Gunes Recep 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study is to characterize E-glass/epoxy unidirectional fiber reinforced composites using the digital image correlation method with virtual extensometer, which is a less laborious method than strain gauges, compare the results and investigate whether virtual extensometers can be used instead of strain gauges. Measurements in tensile and Iosipescu shear tests were made with both strain gauge and virtual extensometer. Unlike full-field strain measurements in literature, the strains were measured using virtual extensometers. Tensile test and in-plane shear test results gave very consistent results. The differences between the strain gauge and the virtual extensometer for the tensile and in-plane shear tests were less than 3% in the linear region. However, the out-of-plane shear test showed a larger difference of 8.6%. This study showed that the 2D digital image correlation method with virtual extensometers is highly sufficient to find the elasticity moduli and shear moduli in tensile and shear tests in the linear region. In addition, after the damage has started, more measurement data can be obtained with virtual extensometers than with strain gauges.
Classification of fracture characteristics and fracture mechanisms using deep learning and topography data
Authors: Schmies L. , Botsch B. , Le Q.-H. , Yarysh A. , Sonntag U. , Hemmleb M. , Bettge D. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In failure analysis, micro-fractographic analysis of fracture surfaces is usually performed based on practical knowledge which is gained from available studies, own comparative tests, from the literature, as well as online databases. Based on comparisons with already existing images, fracture mechanisms are determined qualitatively. These images are mostly two-dimensional and obtained by light optical and scanning electron imaging techniques. So far, quantitative assessments have been limited to macroscopically determined percentages of fracture types or to the manual measurement of fatigue striations, for example. Recently, more and more approaches relying on computer algorithms have been taken, with algorithms capable of finding and classifying differently structured fracture characteristics. For the Industrial Collective Research (Industrielle Gemeinschaftsforschung, IGF) project “iFrakto” presented in this paper, electron-optical images are obtained, from which topographic information is calculated. This topographic information is analyzed together with the conventional 2D images. Analytical algorithms and deep learning are used to analyze and evaluate fracture characteristics and are linked to information from a fractography database. The most important aim is to provide software aiding in the application of fractography for failure analysis. This paper will present some first results of the project.
A cooled turbine airfoil performance prediction method with two-dimensional CFD computation and loss models
Authors: Zhang Xiao-Dong , Liu Jian-Jun , Li Chen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The role of turbine blade cooling and coolants are significant factors in modern gas turbine aerodynamic design. This paper presents an effective and rapid airfoil design method based on CFD computation of the S1 surface and the existing loss correlations. The method can assess the coolant mixing loss by identifying each cooling hole separately and obtain the overall mainflow aerodynamic loss for cooled airfoil. The CFD computation code of the S1 surface is powered by a two-dimensional Euler equation, which is inviscid. Typical Kacker–Okapuu empirical correlations are then used to assess the airfoil friction loss, trailing edge loss, and shock loss. A novel form of the Hartsel model for coolant mixing loss is developed and employed in the CFD codes. In the reformed model, the mixing loss coefficient is directly associated with the blowing ratio and the total pressure/temperature ratio of mainstream-to-coolant, making it more convenient than the original model in the airfoil design process. Based on a transonic turbine vane airfoil, the influences of the film outflow location and outflow Mach number on the coolant mixing loss are investigated using the above prediction method and the cascade blowing test.
Extracellular vesicles from Zika virus‐infected cells display viral E protein that binds ZIKV‐neutralizing antibodies to prevent infection enhancement
Authors: Zhao Fanfan , Xu Yongfen , Liu Na , Lv Dawei , Chen Yujie , Liu Zhi , Jin Xia , Xiao Mingbing , Lavillette Dimitri , Zhong Jin , Bartenschlager Ralf , Long Gang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMosquito‐borne flaviviruses including Zika virus (ZIKV) represent a public health problem in some parts of the world. Although ZIKV infection is predominantly asymptomatic or associated with mild symptoms, it can lead to neurological complications. ZIKV infection can also cause antibody‐dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection with similar viruses, warranting further studies of virion assembly and the function of envelope (E) protein‐specific antibodies. Although extracellular vesicles (EVs) from flavivirus‐infected cells have been reported to transmit infection, this interpretation is challenged by difficulties in separating EVs from flavivirions due to their similar biochemical composition and biophysical properties. In the present study, a rigorous EV‐virion separation method combining sequential ultracentrifugation and affinity capture was developed to study EVs from ZIKV‐infected cells. We find that these EVs do not transmit infection, but EVs display abundant E proteins which have an antigenic landscape similar to that of virions carrying E. ZIKV E‐coated EVs attenuate antibody‐dependent enhancement mediated by ZIKV E‐specific and DENV‐cross‐reactive antibodies in both cell culture and mouse models. We thus report an alternative route for Flavivirus E protein secretion. These results suggest that modulation of E protein release via virions and EVs may present a new approach to regulating flavivirus‐host interactions.
Light‐driven synthetic microbial consortia: playing with an oxygen dilemma
Authors: Zhu Huawei , Li Yin 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundLight‐driven synthetic microbial consortia are composed of photoautotrophs and heterotrophs. They exhibited better performance in stability, robustness and capacity for handling complex tasks when comparing with axenic cultures. Different from general microbial consortia, the intrinsic property of photosynthetic oxygen evolution in light‐driven synthetic microbial consortia is an important factor affecting the functions of the consortia.ResultsIn light‐driven microbial consortia, the oxygen liberated by photoautotrophs will result in an aerobic environment, which exerts dual effects on different species and processes. On one hand, oxygen is favorable to the synthetic microbial consortia when they are used for wastewater treatment and aerobic chemical production, in which biomass accumulation and oxidized product formation will benefit from the high energy yield of aerobic respiration. On the other hand, the oxygen is harmful to the synthetic microbial consortia when they were used for anaerobic processes including biohydrogen production and bioelectricity generation, in which the presence of oxygen will deactivate some biological components and compete for electrons.ConclusionsDeveloping anaerobic processes in using light‐driven synthetic microbial consortia represents a cost‐effective alternative for production of chemicals from carbon dioxide and light. Thus, exploring a versatile approach addressing the oxygen dilemma is essential to enable light‐driven synthetic microbial consortia to get closer to practical applications.
Demanda de saúde mental segundo experiência de Agentes Comunitárias de Saúde
Authors: Coelho Lara Gonçalves , Gonçalves Rafael Camilo , Pegoraro Renata Fabiana 
Published: February 2023

Os Agentes Comunitários de Saúde são profissionais essenciais na Atenção Primária à Saúde, atuando no território e transitando entre o serviço e a comunidade. Ao circular nesses locais, estão em contato com os processos de saúde e, portanto, de saúde mental dos usuários. Este artigo buscou identificar a compreensão acerca da demanda de cuidados em saúde mental na Atenção Primária à Saúde segundo agentes atuantes em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde da Família (UBSF) de um município mineiro. A pesquisa tem caráter qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório. Foi aplicado um questionário e realizou-se entrevistas com roteiro semiestruturado com cinco agentes comunitárias de saúde da UBSF, sendo a análise inspirada na análise temática de conteúdo. Assim, foram elaboradas as categorias: (A) Modos de identificação dos usuários de saúde mental; e (b) O papel da visita domiciliar e a presença do NASF. Observou-se que o processo de identificação da demanda em saúde mental é complexo, sendo atravessado por um pensamento generalizante sobre quem é o usuário da saúde mental. A visita domiciliar é a ferramenta primordial para compreensão da demanda e realização de orientações. Ressalta-se que as agentes desenvolvem seu trabalho a partir de tecnologias leves e suas falas revelam a necessidade de fortalecimento de seu trabalho por gestores e políticas públicas.
Aplicabilidade da vinculação entre a MIF e a Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF) em indivíduos com doenças neurodegenerativas
Authors: Santos Isaac De Andrade , Monteiro Rayane Félix Lôbo , Oliveira Andréa Costa de , Costa Iandra Maria Pinheiro de França 
Published: February 2023

Objetivo: Analisar a aplicabilidade da vinculação entre as tarefas da Medida de Independência Funcional MIF e as categorias de atividade e participação da CIF. Materiais e métodos: Estudo clínico transversal realizado no Centro Especializado de Reabilitação III da cidade de Lagarto, Sergipe, Brasil, entre junho de 2019 e fevereiro de 2021. Foram recrutados pacientes diagnosticados doença neurodegenerativa com idade ≥18 anos. Inicialmente, foram aplicados questionários sociodemográficos e clínicos, em seguida, foi realizada mensuração da funcionalidade através da MIF. Posteriormente, de forma cega, dois pesquisadores realizaram vinculações entre a MIF e a CIF, com subsequente vinculação das pontuações da MIF e os qualificadores da CIF. As concordâncias interexaminadores foram avaliadas Teste de Kappa de Cohen, o Coeficiente de Correlação de Pearson foi aplicado para análise das vinculações das pontuações/qualificadores. Resultados: 30 indivíduos foram incluídos, com idade média de 58,7±18,3 anos. A concordância interexaminador alcançou 84,61% e a confiabilidade foi substancial (Kp=0.6090). Além disto, foram encontradas fortes correlações entre pontuações e qualificadores. Conclusão: Este estudo identificou adequada aplicabilidade da vinculação entre a MIF e a CIF, sendo um potencial facilitador para construção de indicadores de saúde e funcionalidade, além de melhor descrever a funcionalidade e a interoperabilidade entre profissionais.
Skill and Deskilling in Two Automotive Assembly Plants in South Africa
Authors: Ngcwangu Siphelo 
Published: February 2023

This article presents research on skills development and workplace change complexities within two automotive assembly plants in Pretoria, South Africa. Auto assembly companies are also termed Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs). Since 1995, South African OEMs have become fully integrated into the global networks of their foreign parent companies. As South Africa’s leading manufacturing sector, the automotive industry’s increasing importance is reflected in its exports, investments, and contribution to the country’s gross domestic product. The two companies are global multinationals situated in one of South Africa’s most globally integrated sectors that have undergone significant mechanization and automation since the 1990s. Therefore, these companies present a relevant site for studying changes in the labor process and the tendencies of deskilling in these workplace environments.
The research is based on a qualitative research design that used semi-structured interviews with workers, supervisors, and managers across two plants that assemble motor vehicles in South Africa. The objective of the research was to understand the nature of changes to workplace production methods that influence the character of skills amongst the workforce. This paper studies workers’ experiences on how changes in work processes have impacted their work skills and contributed to the processes of deskilling. Present studies of skills in South Africa have prioritized large-scale labor market aggregate data analysis or reforms in education and training policies of the state. This paper brings a perspective on the labor process changes that are informed by concrete analysis of the production process and how technological changes shape the character of skills formation within automotive assembly plants. The value of such an approach is that it brings to the discussion of technology and workplace change a more specific set of experiences that transcends the often speculative and mythical discussion about the impact of technology on work. This article highlights the importance of understanding workers’ voices, shift supervisors, and managers on the contested nature of skills development within capitalist enterprises. The findings illustrate the contradictory nature of technological change and skills development. This is shown by discussing the following themes that emerged from the findings: 1) worker responses to the introduction of robots in the workplace environment, 2) the deskilling challenge on the two plants, and 3) grappling with the turnover times of capitalist production. I conclude the paper by revisiting the key findings of the research and showing the implications for future studies of deskilling in contemporary capitalist enterprises. The significance of these findings ultimately points to the importance of locating labor processes and deskilling in the context of the political economy of the capitalist mode of production and how it is reshaping the content of work in modern automotive assembly plants.