bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential antibacterial, antibiofilm, and photocatalytic performance of gamma-irradiated novel nanocomposite for enhanced disinfection applications with an investigated reaction mechanism
Authors: El-Sayyad Gharieb S. , Abd Elkodous M. , El-Bastawisy Hanan S. , El Rouby Waleed M. A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Water scarcity is now a global challenge due to the population growth and the limited amount of available potable water. In addition, modern industrialization, and microbial pathogenesis is resulting in water pollution on a large scale.

Methods
In the present study, reusable Co0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4/SiO2/TiO2 composite matrix was incorporated with CdS NPs to develop an efficient photocatalyst, and antimicrobial agents for wastewater treatment, and disinfection purpose. The antibacterial performance of the gamma-irradiated samples was evaluated against various types of Gram-positive bacteria using ZOI, MIC, antibiofilm, and effect of UV-exposure. Antibacterial reaction mechanism was assessed by bacterial membrane leakage assay, and SEM imaging. In addition, their photocatalytic efficiency was tested against MB cationic dye as a typical water organic pollutant.

Results
Our results showed that, the formed CdS NPs were uniformly distributed onto the surface of the nanocomposite matrix. While, the resulted CdS-based nanocomposite possessed an average particle size of nearly 90.6 nm. The antibacterial performance of the prepared nanocomposite was significantly increased after activation with gamma and UV irradiations. The improved antibacterial performance was mainly due to the synergistic effect of both TiO2 and CdS NPs; whereas, the highest photocatalytic efficiency of MB removal was exhibited in alkaline media due to the electrostatic attraction between the cationic MB and the negatively-charged samples. In addition, the constructed heterojunction enabled better charge separation and increased the lifetime of the photogenerated charge carriers.

Conclusion
Our results can pave the way towards the development of efficient photocatalysts for wastewater treatment and promising antibacterial agents for disinfection applications.
Phylogeography and ecological niche modeling implicate multiple microrefugia of Swertia tetraptera during quaternary glaciations
Authors: Yang Lucun , Zhou Guoying 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Climate fluctuations during the Pleistocene and mountain uplift are vital driving forces affecting geographic distribution. Here, we ask how an annual plant responded to the Pleistocene glacial cycles.

Methods
In this study, we analyzed the population demographic history of the annual herb Swertia tetraptera Maxim (Gentianaceae) endemic to Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). A total of 301 individuals from 35 populations of S. tetraptera were analyzed based on two maternally inherited chloroplast fragments (trnL-trnF and trnS-trnG). Phylogeographic analysis was combined with species distribution modeling to detect the genetic variations in S. tetraptera.

Results
The genetic diversity of S. tetraptera was high, likely due to its wide natural range, high proportion of endemic haplotypes and evolutionary history. Fifty-four haplotypes were identified in S. tetraptera. Only a few haplotypes were widespread (Hap_4, Hap_1, Hap_3), which were dispersed throughout the present geographical range of S. tetraptera, while many haplotypes were confined to single populations. The cpDNA dataset showed that phylogeographic structuring was lacking across the distribution range of S. tetraptera. Analyses of molecular variance showed that most genetic variation was found within populations (70.51%). In addition, the relationships of the haplotypes were almost completely unresolved by phylogenetic reconstruction. Both mismatch distribution analysis and neutrality tests showed a recent expansion across the distribution range of S. tetraptera. The MaxEnt analysis showed that S. tetraptera had a narrow distribution range during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and a wide distribution range during the current time, with predictions into the future showing the distribution range of S. tetraptera expanding.

Conclusion
Our study implies that the current geographic and genetic distribution of S. tetraptera is likely to have been shaped by Quaternary periods. Multiple microrefugia of S. tetraptera existed during Quaternary glaciations. Rapid intraspecific diversification and hybridization and/or introgression may have played a vital role in shaping the current distribution patterns of S. tetraptera. The distribution range of S. tetraptera appeared to have experienced contraction during the LGM; in the future, when the global climate becomes warmer with rising carbon dioxide levels, the distribution of S. tetraptera will expand.
Effects of intraoperative Magnesium sulfate infusion on emergency agitation during general anesthesia in patients undergoing radical mastectomy: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Su Yan-hong , Luo De-cai , Pang Yong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Emergency agitation is a common postoperative complication in patients under general anesthesia, which can lead to unpredictable damages such as shedding of drainage tube and bleeding from the wound. The purpose of the study is to investigate whether intraoperative infusion of Magnesium Sulfate reduces the incidence of emergency agitation (EA) in patients undergoing radical mastectomy, and to evaluate its safety and efficacy.

Methods
A total of 70 patients were randomly assigned to two groups: the Magnesium group (M group) and the control group (C group). After a routine intravenous anesthetic induction, patients in the M group received a 30 mg/kg bolus of intravenous magnesium during the first hour and then a continuous infusion of 10 mg/kg ×h until the end of the surgery, patients in the C group received 0.9% saline at the same volume and rate. The sedation-agitation scale (SAS) and the visual analogue scale were used to assess agitation and pain, respectively.

Results
Compared to the C group, the M group reduced the incidence of EA significantly (odds ratio 0.26, 95% confidence interval 0.09–0.71, P = 0.009). The postoperative pain score of the magnesium sulfate group(0(0,1)) was lower than that of the control group(2(0,3)) at T0 (P = 0.011). Additionally, the M group required a lower dosage of remifentanil during surgery compared to the C group(300.4 ± 84 versus 559.3 ± 184 µg, respectively, P<0.001).

Conclusions
the intraoperative infusion of magnesium sulfate is a safe and effective method for reducing the incidence of emergency agitation in patients undergoing radical mastectomy.

Trail registration
The study was registered in Chictr.org with the identifier: ChiCTR2300070595 on 18/04/2023.
Trial in Elderly with Musculoskeletal Problems due to Underlying Sarcopenia—Faeces to Unravel the Gut and Inflammation Translationally (TEMPUS-FUGIT): protocol of a cross-sequential study to explore the gut-muscle axis in the development and treatment of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults
Authors: Lapauw Laurence , Dupont Jolan , Amini Nadjia , Vercauteren Laura , Verschueren Sabine , Tournoy Jos , Raes Jeroen , Gielen Evelien 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Gut microbiota (GM) might play a role in muscle metabolism and physiological processes through a hypothesized gut-muscle axis, influencing muscle mass and function and thus, sarcopenia. The Trial in Elderly with Musculoskeletal Problems due to Underlying Sarcopenia—Faeces to Unravel the Gut and Inflammation Translationally (TEMPUS-FUGIT) aims to explore the gut-muscle axis in sarcopenia.

Methods
First, in a cross-sectional case–control phase, 100 community-dwelling adults without sarcopenia will be compared to 100 community-dwelling adults (≥ 65 years) with sarcopenia of similar age-, gender and BMI-ratio, participating in the ongoing ‘Exercise and Nutrition for Healthy AgeiNg’ (ENHANce; NCT03649698) study. Sarcopenia is diagnosed according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2) criteria. GM composition and intestinal inflammatory markers (fecal calprotectin, lactoferrin and S100A12) will be determined in fecal samples. Systemic inflammatory markers (hs-CRP, IL-4, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-13, IL-1β and creatine kinase) will be determined in fasted blood samples. Both groups will be compared using appropriate statistical testing, whereas linear regression will be used for cross-sectional associations between gut, inflammatory and sarcopenia parameters.
Second, in the longitudinal phase, sarcopenic older adults will be requested to deliver five fecal samples during the 12-week intervention to assess the effects of protein, omega-3 and a physical exercise program on the GM.

Discussion
TEMPUS-FUGIT aims to explore the gut-muscle axis by comparing GM composition between sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic older adults and to determine the association of GM with intestinal and systemic inflammatory markers and sarcopenia-defining parameters (muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance). Furthermore, effects of single or combined, optimized and individualized anabolic interventions (exercise, protein and omega-3 supplementation), on GM will be explored in persons with sarcopenia.
TEMPUS-FUGIT aims to impact clinical practice by clarifying the relationship between the gut-muscle axis and sarcopenia. TEMPUS-FUGIT is expected to contribute to the discovery of clinical and microbial biomarkers for sarcopenia and insights in its pathophysiology, opening possible future perspectives for novel sarcopenia treatment strategies targeting GM.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrails.gov NCT05008770, registered on August 17, 2021; first participant enrolled on September 21 2021.
WNT pathway in focal cortical dysplasia compared to perilesional nonlesional tissue in refractory epilepsies
Authors: Marinowic Daniel R. , Zanirati Gabriele G. , Xavier Fernando A. C. , Varella Fábio Jean , Azevedo Sofia Prates da Cunha , Ghilardi Isadora Machado , Pereira-Neto Normando G. , Koff Marco Antônio Eduardo , Paglioli Eliseu , Palmini André , Abreu José Garcia , Machado Denise C. , da Costa Jaderson C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundFocal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a malformation of cortical development that causes medical refractory seizures, and one of the main treatments may be surgical resection of the affected area of the brain. People affected by FCD may present with seizures of variable severity since childhood. Despite many medical treatments available, only surgery can offer cure. The pathophysiology of the disease is not yet understood; however, it is known that several gene alterations may play a role. The WNT/β-catenin pathway is closely related to the control and balance of cell proliferation and differentiation in the central nervous system. The aim of this study was to explore genes related to the WNT/β-catenin pathway in lesional and perilesional brain tissue in patients with FCD type II.MethodsDysplastic and perilesional tissue from the primary dysplastic lesion of patients with FCD type IIa were obtained from two patients who underwent surgical treatment. The analysis of the relative expression of genes was performed by a qRT-PCR array (super array) containing 84 genes related to the WNT pathway.ResultsOur results suggest the existence of molecular alteration in some genes of the WNT pathway in tissue with dysplastic lesions and of perilesional tissue. We call this tissue of normal-appearing adjacent cortex (NAAC). Of all genes analyzed, a large number of genes show similar behavior between injured, perilesional and control tissues. However, some genes have similar characteristics between the perilesional and lesional tissue and are different from the control brain tissue, presenting the perilesional tissue as a molecularly altered material.ConclusionOur results suggest that the perilesional area after surgical resection of tissue with cortical dysplasia presents molecular changes that may play a role in the recurrence of seizures in these patients. The perilesional tissue should receive expanded attention beyond the somatic mutations described and associated with FCD, such as mTOR, for example, to new signaling pathways that may play a crucial role in seizure recurrence.
Dietary treatment postpartum in women with obesity reduces weight and prevents weight gain: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Øhman Elisabeth A. , Fossli Maria , Ottestad Inger , Holven Kirsten B. , Ulven Stine M. , Løland Beate F. , Brekke Hilde K. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Women with pre-pregnancy obesity have an increased risk of retaining or gaining weight postpartum and may benefit from weight loss treatment. However, evidence is lacking for weight loss strategies in women with BMIs in the higher obesity classes. A dietary treatment for postpartum weight loss resulted in a 10% weight reduction in lactating women with a mean BMI of 30 kg/m2. We aimed to examine the effects of this dietary treatment on changes in weight, markers of lipid and glucose metabolism, waist and hip circumference and postpartum weight retention (PPWR) in postpartum women with higher BMIs than tested previously.

Methods
At baseline, approximately 8 weeks postpartum, 29 women with a mean (SD) BMI = 40.0 (5.2) kg/m2 were randomised to a 12-week dietary treatment (n 14) or to a control treatment (n 15). Measurements were made at baseline and after 3 and 12 months. Data was analysed using mixed model.

Results
The mean weight change in the diet group was -2.3 (3.1) kg compared to 1.7 (3.1) kg in the control group after 3 months (P = 0.003) and -4.2 (5.6) kg compared to 4.8 (11.8) kg in the control group after 12 months (P = 0.02). The dietary treatment led to reduced waist circumference (P < 0.04) and PPWR (P < 0.01) compared to the control treatment at both time points. The treatment lowered fasting blood glucose at 12 months (P = 0.007) as the only effect on markers of lipid and glucose metabolism.

Conclusion
The dietary treatment postpartum reduced weight and prevented weight retention or weight gain in women with obesity.

Trial registration
The trial was retrospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03579667) 06/07/2018.

Graphical Abstract
In a randomised, controlled trial, 29 postpartum women with obesity were allocated to a dietary treatment or a control treatment. The dietary treatment reduced weight and prevented postpartum weight retention or weight gain after 12 months.
Reference: Adapted from “Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel Study Design (2 Arms, Graphical)”, by BioRender.com (2022). Retrieved from https://app.biorender.com/biorender-templates.
A secondary analysis of the factors associated with women´s adequate utilization of antenatal care services during their last pregnancy in Uganda
Authors: Towongo Moses Festo , Ngome Enock , Navaneetham Kannan , Letamo Gobopamang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Adequate antenatal care services (ANC) use is critical to identifying and reducing pregnancy risks. Despite the importance placed on adequate antenatal care service utilization, women in Uganda continue to underutilize antenatal care services. The primary goal of this study is to identify the factors associated with women’s adequate utilization of antenatal care services in Uganda.

Methods
Secondary data from the 2016 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey were used in this study. The study sample consists of 9,416 women aged 15 to 49 who reported giving birth in the five years preceding the survey. The adequate use of antenatal care services is the dependent variable. A woman who used antenatal care services at least four times is considered to have adequately used antenatal care services. We used univariate, bivariate, and multilevel logistic regression modelling to identify the factors associated with adequate utilization of antenatal care services. STATA version 14.2 was used to analyze the data.

Results
The prevalence of adequate utilization of antenatal care services in Uganda was found to be 61.4%. Women with secondary or higher education were 32.0% (AOR = 1.32, 95% CI;1.07–1.63), employed women were 26.0% (AOR = 1.26, 95% CI;1.10–1.44), women who received high-quality antenatal care content were 78.0% (AOR = 1.78, 95% CI;1.58–2.02), and women who belong to the rich category of the wealth index bracket were 27.0% (AOR = 1.27, 95% CI;1.09–1.49), more likely to use antenatal care services adequately. Finally, the study discovered that women from less diverse ethnic communities were 15.0% (AOR, 0.85, 95%CI; 0.73–0.99) less likely to use antenatal care services adequately.

Conclusion
Women’s adequate utilization of antenatal care was influenced by both community and individual-level characteristics. Policymakers must use a multi-sectoral approach to develop policies that address both individual and community-level characteristics.
Spontaneous regression of an isolated retinal astrocytic hamartoma in a newborn: a case report
Authors: Yang Bo , Li Danfeng , Xiao Jun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
To report the spontaneous regression of an isolated retinal astrocytic hamartoma in a newborn. During the seven-month follow-up duration, fundus photography and fluorescein angiography examinations were performed.

Case presentation
An isolated retinal astrocytic hamartoma was detected in the nasal retina of the left eye of a 4-day-old male infant. At the time of initial presentation, we detected a solitary yellowish-white flat mass with an approximate size of 1.5 disc diameters in the nasal retina. Fluorescein angiography (FA) revealed a diffuse hyperfluorescence with slight fluorescence leakage. Seven months later, the fundus examination showed no lesion in the left eye, FA revealed mild tortuous vessels without leakage.

Conclusions
In the present case, we established that the isolated retinal astrocytic hamartoma in this infant has underwent spontaneous regression. This case can point out that follow –up reexaminations are advisable for a solitary yellowish-white flat mass of the fundus in a newborn.
Pregnancy through the Looking-Glass: correlates of disordered eating attitudes among a sample of Lebanese pregnant women
Authors: Gerges Sarah , Obeid Sahar , Hallit Souheil 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Despite the risks of gestational disordered eating for both the mother and fetus, research into this subject is scarce within developing countries, particularly in Lebanon. Our study’s objective was to delve into the predictors of disordered eating attitudes during pregnancy among a sample of Lebanese pregnant women while assessing the potential mediating effect of body dissatisfaction between psychosocial factors and disordered eating attitudes in pregnancy.

Methods
We framed a cross-sectional study, built on self-report measures. Pregnant women of 18 years old and above were recruited from all the Lebanese governorates through an online survey (N = 433).

Results
The results showed that higher pregnancy-specific hassles (Beta = 0.19), media and pregnant celebrities’ influence (Beta = 0.22), and body dissatisfaction (Beta = 0.17) were significantly associated with increased disordered eating attitudes in pregnancy; whereas higher perceived social support (Beta = -0.03), lower socio-economic status (Beta = -0.84), and multigravidity (Beta = -0.96) were significantly associated with less disordered eating attitudes during pregnancy. Body dissatisfaction mediated the association between pregnancy-specific hassles and disordered eating attitudes, and between social appearance concerns and disordered eating attitudes.

Conclusion
Our study highlighted that antenatal care, particularly in Lebanon, should no longer be limited to biological monitoring but rather seek to identify possible eating disorders and mental health threats. Further investigations following longitudinal designs should pursue identifying additional correlates of gestational disordered eating in the clinical context, in furtherance of consolidating screening programs and building targeted treatment strategies.
Validation of the Arabic version of the brief irritability test (Ar-BITe) in non-clinical adolescents
Authors: Fekih-Romdhane Feten , Azzi Vanessa , Hallit Rabih , Malaeb Diana , Dabbous Mariam , Sakr Fouad , Obeid Sahar , Hallit Souheil 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite the substantial clinical relevance of irritability in the development and maintenance of several mental disorders and its negative effects on functioning, no valid and reliable measures are available yet to identify the presence and consequences of irritability as a distinct construct among the Arabic-speaking populations. To bridge this gap, and help advance this field in the under-researched Arab region, we aimed to validate an Arabic-language version of the Brief Irritability Test (BITe).MethodsEligible participants were native Arabic-speaking non-clinical adolescents from Lebanon; 527 participants aged 15.73 ± 1.81 years (56% females) completed the survey.ResultsUtilizing the Confirmatory Factor Analysis approach, we found that the five items of the Arabic BITe loaded into a single factor structure. The scale showed excellent reliability, as both Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega coefficient values were of 0.88. Multi-group analyses showed invariance across sex groups in our sample at the configural, metric, and scalar levels. Female adolescents exhibited higher BITe scores than their male counterparts (14.01 vs. 13.25), but this difference did not reach the statistical significance. Good concurrent validity was supported based on positive correlations between irritability scores and measures of aggression, anger and hostility (r Pearson’s coefficients ranging from 0.35 to 0.42), as well as positive correlations with insomnia symptoms scores.ConclusionThe present findings allow us to conclude that the Arabic version of the BITe is a unidimensional, reliable, valid, brief, and economic self-report measure of the irritability construct for both male and female Arabic-speakers. Providing an Arabic validated version of the BITe will hopefully foster the research efforts of the Arab scientific community in this area, and promote the implementation of timely, evidence-informed and culturally-sensitive mental health interventions that appropriately address irritability-related problems and consequences among Arab young populations.