bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Optimization of Guggal Extract Loaded Ultradeformable
Vesicles using Central Composite Design for Improving Antioxidant
Potential
Authors: Mittal Vineet , Dhankar Neha , Verma Ravinder , Kumar Manish , Hooda Anil , Kaushik Deepak 
Published: January 2023

Background:
After almost 30 years of study, it is a scientific fact that inflammation is the
root cause of arthritis.

Objective:
Guggul has a beneficial role in arthritis because of its ability to neutralize the NF-kappa
factor. A topical drug delivery system is beneficial to overcome the problems associated with oral
drug delivery and offers several potential advantages. Ultra-deformable vesicles (UDVs) are a special
type of liposome made up of phospholipids and surfactants, and they are highly flexible.

Methods:
In the present investigation, 20 formulations were suggested by Design Expert® 10 software
(Central Composite Design) which were prepared using film hydration method with lecithin (70-90
mg), tween 80 (10–30 mg), Guggul extract (3 mg) and sonicated for 5–15 minutes. The formulation
was optimized based on particle size (R₁) and maximum entrapment efficiency (R2).

Results:
The optimized formulation consists of 78.92 mg soya phosphatidyl choline (lecithin), 22.08
mg Tween 80, and 3 mg Guggul with a sonication time of 12.74 minutes that resulted in a particle size
of 375.5 ±15.1 nm and entrapment efficiency of 80.3 ± 3.1%. Guggul UDVs showed more antioxidant
activity compared to Guggul extract, control and standard. Similar results were obtained in the case of
anti-arthritic activity, which was measured by egg albumin denaturation, bovine serum albumin denaturation,
proteinase inhibitory action, and anti-lipoxygenase activity. The data of both activities were
analyzed using an unpaired t-test to determine significant values (p < 0.05).

Conclusion:
These results demonstrate the potential of UDVs in the treatment of all arthritis diseases.
Mechanistic Study on the Possible Role of Embelin in Treating Neurodegenerative Disorders
Authors: Anika  , Arora Rimpi , Virendra Sharma A. , Chawla Pooja A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:Embelin (EMB) (2,5-Dihydroxy-3-undecyl-1,4-benzoquinone) is a natural benzoquinone extracted mainly from Embelia ribes (ER) and appear as vivid orange dots beneath the fruit's pericarp. It is being used to treat various diseases since ancient times in India. It has been ascribed as one of the 32 ayurvedic drugs of national importance in the National Medicinal Plant Board set up by the Government of India under the Ministry of Indian System of Medicine and Homeopathy. Embelin prevents neuronal oxidative damage by decreasing the peroxidation of lipids. Along with having antioxidant properties, it also prevents the production of amyloid-protein-related fibrils and blocks the progression of inflammatory cascades. Due to embelin's ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, its neuroprotective effects have been studied in the past using in vitro models of neuronal disorders such as convulsion and epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, anxiety and depression, traumatic brain injury, cerebral ischemia, Huntington's disease, and multiple sclerosis. In addition to its neuroprotective effects, its role as an antitubercular, anti-cancer, antioxidant, astringent, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, contraceptive, carminative, diuretic, and anthelmintic agent has also been studied. With docking studies and recent advancements in formulations of embelin including polyethylene and embelin micelles and embelin noisome preparations, embelin can prove to be a promising compound for its therapeutic actions in a wide range of diseases and disorders. The findings of docking studies suggest the binding ability of embelin to be similar to the standard drug in their respective disorders. In this review and docking analysis, we bring an outline of scientific evidence concerning the neuroprotective actions of embelin, still, further research is required for its prospective as a chief compound in clinical approaches.
Current State of Application of Formal Thought Disorder
Screening Methods in First-Degree Relatives of Patients With
Schizophrenia: A Narrative Review
Authors: Völker Jes Sebastian , Micluția Ioana Valentina , Hanga Adela-Melania 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:
Historically, formal thought disorder (FTD) has been considered one of the distinctive
key symptoms of schizophrenia and is still regarded as an important early warning sign
and a marker of illness severity with solid predictive value. Recent studies are able to found
that the presence of FTD is predictive of the subsequent diagnosis of schizophrenia and often
precedes the frank clinical picture by several months. Much effort has been put into developing
scales that can reliably detect FTD and can be readily applied in routine clinical practice. This
narrative review investigated the use of FTD as a screening tool to assess risk in first-degree
relatives of patients with schizophrenia. The results show that the use of these scales in firstdegree
relatives of schizophrenic individuals during clinical contact and counseling is still an
exception, despite their uniquely heightened vulnerability profile. To our knowledge, this is the
first time that the application of FTD screening methods in first-degree relatives of schizophrenic
individuals has been reviewed in a structured way.
Memaknai TWK KPK Dalam Reproduksi Wacana Dengan Pemanfaatan Modal Sosial: Studi Kasus Data Percakapan TWK KPK di Media Sosial Twitter
Authors: Pradana Meirza Luthfi , Pratama Vincencius Alvian , Ramdhani Rika Aulia , Nugrahagung Panji Putranto 
Published: January 2023

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemetaan aktor dan pola sentimen yang terbentuk di media sosial Twitter dalam wacana isu “Tes Wawasan Kebangsaan Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (TWK KPK)”. Artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan mix method, yakni kualitatif dan kuantitatif, dengan menggunakan pisau analisis Social Network Analysis (SNA) . Data dalam kajian ini diperoleh dari media sosial Twitter yang diolah dengan Big Data Analytics dari tanggal 16 Mei 2021 sampai dengan 13 September 2021. Tulisan ini mengungkap terdapat tiga akun eks pejabat publik dan dua akun media nasional yang menjadi top engagement pada isu TWK KPK di Twitter. Adapun sentimen-sentimen mengenai isu TWK KPK yang terbentuk, meliputi isu positif, negatif, dan netral.
A study on the reduction of antibiotic use by introducing organic acids in broiler chicken feed in the district of Abidjan - Ivory Coast
Authors: SOROMOU Lanan Wassy , KESSE Fanh Serge , KONATE Yacouba , CAMARA Mamadou Fodé 
Published: January 2023

The use of organic acids in the diet of animals is potentially beneficial for maintaining intestinal hemostasis and controlling the growth of pathogenic bacteria. The objective of this study was to experiment with organic acids as additives to antibiotics used by farmers. A total of 490 broilers were studied in this study and were divided into 5 lots of 98 subjects. The experimental core consisted of Fysal, Fysal-Selko, Selko, Patheryl (reference antibiotic) and Control. The experimental products were introduced in the drinking water (Selko pH) and in the feed (Fysal MP). A high feed consumption was noticed in the Fysal lot with 80.44±44g/chicken followed respectively by the Pteryl lots with 79.48 ± 42.25g/chicken, Fysal-Selko with 79.34 ± 43.62g/chicken, Selko with 77.27 ± 41.39g/chicken and finally Control with 76.01 ± 39.41g/chicken. The weight gain was high in the Fysal lot with 1770 ± 623.38g followed respectively by the Fysal-Selko lots with 1709 ± 606.05g, Pteryl with 1619 ± 577.70g, Selko with 1607 ± 567.90g against the Control lot with 1550 ± 544.41g. A mortality rate of 3.06% was recorded only in the Selko lot. Economically, the lots (Fysal, Fysal-Selko and Selko) that consumed the feed and water containing organic acids recorded higher profits compared to the Control and Pteryl batches. The organic acids such as Fysal MP and Selko pH could be used as alternatives to antibiotics in poultry farming.
Keywords: Broiler, growth performance, organic acids, antibiotics
Dapagliflozin efficacy as an add-on therapy in double and triple-drug regimens: A meta-analysis of randomized control trial
Authors: Saikia Deepjyoti. , Chathamvelli Akash , Fernandes Lizanne , Patil Kadambari , Aswathi A , Mahajan Pooja , Nyamagoud Sanatkumar 
Published: January 2023

Background: Diabetes is one of the most common diseases compared to others. There are many drugs available in the market to treat diabetes. Still, most of them have adverse drug reactions like hypoglycemia, weight gain, and subtherapeutic drug concentrations. SGLT-2 inhibitors are a new class of drugs used as add-on therapy to treat type-2 Diabetes Mellitus. They act by inhibiting glucose reabsorption and increasing glucose excretion via the kidneys. In an average adult, two kidneys filter about 180g of glucose per day. About 98% of the glucose filtered in the kidneys get reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule back into the bloodstream, which can be inhibited by SGLT-2 inhibitors.
Method: A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed on randomized clinical trial data, extracted from PubMed, Cochrane and Embase. All data, including baseline and shift of baseline, standard deviation, and number of participants, were recorded for HbA1c, Fasting blood glucose (FBG), Bodyweight and SBP/DBP.
Results: Twelve randomized clinical trials, including 8000 participants, were compared and divided into three groups of drugs: SAXA+DAPA+MET, SAXA+MET and DAPA+MET. The comparison is done for HbA1c (WMD:-6.78; 95% CI:-8.28; P <0.00001) (WMD:-4.88; 95% CI:-6.93; P <0.00001), FBG (SMD: -6.50; 95% CI: -8.55, -4.45; P <0.00001) (SMD: -7.75; 95% CI: -8.84, -6.66; P<0.00005,), body weight (SMD: 0.30; 95% CI: 0.27, 0.33; P =1.00) (SMD: -1.00; 95% CI: -1.90, -0.10; P<0.00001). Conclusion: Dapagliflozin, when given in combination, shows a major improvement in HbA1c and FBG levels and does not affect body weight. It was shown to be more effective when given in triple combination therapy.
Keywords: Dapagliflozine, meta-analysis, Sexagliptine, Metformin, Type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM), Sodium-glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT2)
Application of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Drug Discovery and Development
Authors: Parvathaneni Madhukiran , Awol Abduselam K. , Kumari Monika , Lan Ke , Lingam Manisha 
Published: January 2023

Drug discovery has traditionally been a time consuming and expensive endeavor. Additionally, drugs weren’t as effectively designed as those that are being predicted and developed through AI and ML today. Machine learning is a form of artificial intelligence that develops and evolves based on experience (similarly to the human mind), and is more recently being utilized in drug discovery and design. The integration of AI and ML into the drug discovery and development process has allowed for higher target precision, lower toxicity, and better dosage formulations. AI more generally has been introduced to and has been leveraged at, each step of drug development, including target identification and validation, hit identification, as well as hit to lead optimization, and has been key in shortening the previously lengthy drug screening process. AI and ML has also been applied downstream in drug formulation where it has maximized resource utilization and is allowing for web-based 3D printing of drugs. Application of AI in the drug development process has also been extended to the modeling of novel drug-like compounds to predict their ADMET properties. This review will address the stages of drug discovery and development in which the application of AI and ML modeling has altered the traditional development of drugs.
Keywords: Drug discovery, machine learning, artificial intelligence, computational drug development.
Evaluation of the antioxidant potential and phytochemical analysis of Terminalia mantaly and Terminalia ivorensis two plants of the Ivorian pharmacopoeia
Authors: Kipré Gueyraud Rolland , Agré Don Josette , Djyh Bernard Nazaire , Ouattara Lacinan , Joseph Djaman Allico 
Published: January 2023

The neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are characterized by a significant increase in oxidative stress that can lead to cellular damage to neurons. In recent years, the antioxidant activity of medicinal plants has become important in research against cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
Terminalia mantaly and Terminalia ivorensis are two plants traditionally used to treat lesions, wounds, ulcers and hemorrhoids, malaria and yellow fever. In the present work, we evaluated the antioxidant power and determined the secondary metabolites contained in these two plants.
The results show that Terminalia mantaly and Terminalia ivorensis have a good antioxidant activity.
They can be studied in the search for drugs against neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.
Keywords : Alzheimer's disease, Neurons, Parkinson's disease, Terminalia ivorensis and Terminalia mantaly
Habb-e-Azaraqi, A Potent Unani Pharmacopoeial preparation used in Neurological disorder: A review
Authors: Bano Saba , Usmani Qamrul Islam , Aleem Mohd 
Published: January 2023

Unani medicine relies on drugs of natural origin for the treatment of various medical conditions. It is practised throughout Asia and particularly in India. The rich natural drug asset of Unani medicine includes both single and compound drugs. Habb-e-Azaraqi is a polyherbal Unani formulation used clinically since decades for the management of various neurological disorders like facial palsy, paralysis, gout and arthritis. The explicit nature of Habb-e-Azaraqi rationalizes its use in nervine disorders. The main ingredient of Habb-e-Azaraqi is Azaraqi mudabbar (detoxified Strychnos nux-vomica L.) which is known for its diverse medicinal uses. This review highlights the traditional uses of Habb-e-Azaraqi, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of its ingredient.
Keyword: Habb-e-Azaraqi; Facial palsy; Paralysis; Strychnos nux-vomica; Unani medicine
Distribution characteristics of temperature and species in micro-structured heat-exchanger reactors
Authors: Chen Junjie 
Published: January 2023

Microchannel reactor designs suffer from a fundamental limitation
resulting from the flow configuration in which a reacting stream flows
parallel to a heat transfer surface through which the majority of heat
is transferred perpendicular to the direction of fluid flow. The present
study aims to provide a unique microchannel fluid processing system for
performing chemical reactions with temperature control. The present
study relates to a unique method for performing reversible endothermic,
exothermic reactions, and competing reactions. The method comprises
flowing reactants through a reaction channel in thermal contact with a
heat exchange channel, and conducting heat in support of the reaction
between the reactants and fluid flowing through the heat exchange
channel to substantially raise or lower the temperature of the reactants
as they travel through the reaction channel. Particular emphasis is
placed upon how to provide improved conversion and selectivity in
chemical reactions, provide chemical reactor systems that are compact,
and provide thermally efficient chemical reactor systems. The
distribution characteristics of temperature and species in
micro-structured heat-exchanger reactors are investigated and the
reactor performance is evaluated by performing numerical simulations
using computational fluid dynamics. The results indicate that
microchannel technology is capable of high heat and mass transfer
coefficients between a bulk reaction fluid and the catalytic heat
exchange surface. Carbon monoxide output from the fuel processor is
controlled over the operating range of the processor. When the reaction
in the reaction chamber is a reversible exothermic reaction, heat is
generated in the reaction chamber and transferred to the heat exchange
fluid. Microchannel reactors offer less resistance to heat and mass
transfer thus creating the opportunity for dramatic reductions in
process hardware volume. While a steam reforming catalyst in the form of
a powder or pellets is appropriate in larger devices, diminished
performance may result in the form of a powder or pellets in miniature
devices and reactors. The steam reforming catalyst contains a suitable
amount of at least one metal oxide and cerium to contribute to high
methanol conversion properties. The shift reaction increases hydrogen
yield while reducing carbon monoxide. Microchannel reactors offer the
advantage of exceptional heat exchange integration and can be utilized
for approaching optimum temperature trajectories for exothermic,
reversible reactions.
Keywords: Distribution characteristics; Chemical kinetics;
Temperature trajectories; Fluid streams; Thermal gradients; Reaction
selectivity
Association between obesity and chronic kidney disease: multivariable Mendelian randomization analysis and observational data from a bariatric surgery cohort
Authors: Nguyen Anthony , Khafagy Rana , Gao Yiding , Meerasa Ameena , Roshandel Delnaz , Anvari Mehran , Lin Boxi , Cherney David Z.I. , Farkouh Michael E. , Shah Baiju R. , Paterson Andrew D. , Dash Satya 
Published: January 2023

<p> </p>
<p>Obesity is postulated to independently increase chronic kidney disease (CKD), even after adjusting for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and hypertension. Dysglycemia below T2D thresholds, frequently seen with obesity, also increases CKD risk. Whether obesity increases CKD independent of dysglycemia and hypertension is unknown and likely influences the optimal weight loss (WL) needed to reduce CKD. T2D remission rates plateaus with 20-25%WL post-bariatric surgery (BS) but further WL increases normoglycemia/normotension. </p>
<p>We undertook bidirectional inverse variance weighted Mendelian randomization (IVMR) to investigate potential independent causal associations between increased BMI and CKDeGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate, eGFR <em>< </em>60 ml/min1.73m2) and microalbuminuria (MA). In 5337 BS patients, we assessed whether WL influences >50% decline in eGFR (primary outcome) or CKD hospitalization (secondary outcome) using <20% WL as a comparator.</p>
<p>IVWMR suggests increased BMI increases CKDeGFR (beta=0.13, p=1.64x10-4), Odds ratio, OR (95% confidence interval, CI)=1.14(1.07-1.23) and MA (b=0.25, p=2.14 x 10-4,OR(95%CI)=1.29(1.13-1.48). After adjusting for hypertension and fasting glucose, increased BMI did not significantly increase CKDeGFR (b=-0.02, p=0.72), OR(95%CI)=0.98(0.87-1.1) or MA (b=0.19, p=0.08, OR (95%CI)=1.21 (0.98, 1.51).</p>
<p>Post-BS WL significantly reduced the primary outcome with 30-<40%WL (Hazard ratio HR=0.53, 95%CI=0.32-0.87), but not 20-<30%WL (HR=0.72, 95%CI=0.44-1.2) and ≥40%WL (HR=0.73, 95%CI=0.41-1.30). For CKD hospitalization, progressive reduction was seen with increased WL which was significant for 30-<40%WL (HR=0.37, 95%CI=0.17-0.82) and ≥40%WL (HR=0.24, 95%CI=0.07-0.89), but not 20-30%WL (HR=0.60, 95%CI=0.29-1.23).</p>
<p>The data suggests obesity is likely not an independent cause of CKD. WL thresholds previously associated with normotension and normoglycemia, likely causal mediators, may reduce CKD post-BS.</p>
Comparison of the Color Change of Porcelain Laminate Veneers Produced by Different Materials After Luting with Three Resin Cements
Authors: Karaokutan I , Aykent F , Özdoğan MS 
Published: January 2023

SUMMARYObjectivesThis study aimed to compare color change of porcelain laminate veneers fabricated with two lithium disilicate ceramics and a zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic material after luting with conventional dual-cure, amine-free dual-cure, or light-cure resin cements using artificial accelerated aging (AAA).Methods and MaterialsNinety noncarious human maxillary central incisors were embedded in autopolymerizing acrylic resin blocks to prepare conventional laminate veneers with incisal coverage. Prepared teeth were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=30) to fabricate laminate veneer restorations using: (1) lithium disilicate ceramic, (2) lithium disilicate ceramic with high-density micronization, and (3) zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic. Impressions of the preparations were taken with a laboratory scanner. Acquired 3D images were processed into a surface tessellation language file. Data were exported for 3D printing on a printer, and laminate veneers were printed in castable wax resin. Ceramic veneers were heat-pressed after investment according to the manufacturer’s recommendations and further divided into three groups (n=10) according to luting cement type: (1) light-cure resin cement, (2) amine-free dual-cure resin cement, and (3) conventional dual-cure resin cement. Color measurements were performed from the middle of each specimen with a spectrophotometer before and after AAA for 300 hours with a total energy of 150 kJ/m2. Color changes were calculated with the CIEDE 2000 (ΔE00) formula. Color differences were assessed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) (α=0.05), and the paired t-test was used to compare the L*, a*, and b* parameters in each group before and after aging.ResultsThere were no significant differences between the ceramic groups (p&gt;0.05). The color changes of the materials ranged from 2.26 to 3.13. All materials were above the clinically acceptable limit (ΔE00&gt;1.8). The conventional dual-cure resin cement group showed more color change (p&gt;0.05).ConclusionsColor changes were observed in all porcelain laminate veneers after artificial accelerated aging. The zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate veneers showed similar color changes as lithium disilicate veneers; the amine-free dual-cure resin cement showed a similar color change as light-cure resin cement after aging.
O Boletim de Ariel e sua abrangência no cenário literário e cultural brasileiro na década de 1930
Authors: Marzani Andressa 
Published: January 2023

Este artigo se propõe a refletir sobre a importância da publicação Boletim de Ariel, da Editora Ariel, sediada no Rio de Janeiro para o cenário cultural brasileiro. A revista era publicada mensalmente e trazia textos sobre literatura, artes e cultura em geral, apresentando lançamentos de livros, crítica literária, e até mesmo debates sobre política e religião. Conseguiu atrair escritores de diferentes estilos e vertentes, caracterizando-se como uma publicação heterogênea, que contou com a colaboração de diferentes autores, com opiniões e visões de mundo diversas. Nesse sentido, tentou-se demonstrar como a revista esteve inserida em importantes debates do período, que ultrapassavam as barreiras culturais, refletindo sobre a importância dos periódicos, a produção cultural modernista como um todo e sua relação com as discussões políticas e sociais da época.
Palavras-chave: Boletim de Ariel; Editora Ariel; Literatura brasileira do século XX; Modernismo no Rio de Janeiro; Revistas literárias.