bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modified-dropless protocol (nil intraocular) for micro-incision vitrectomy surgery (MIVS): a retrospective pilot study
Authors: Garcia-O’Farrill Noraliz , Brown Gordon T. , Hunter Allan A. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Perioperative infection and inflammation prophylaxis after ocular surgery has evolved over the years along with improvements in surgical equipment and a growing interest in alternatives to the standard topical eye drops. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the outcomes of a novel, modified-dropless protocol for 23-gauge (23-G), 25-gauge (25-G) and 27-gauge (27-G) micro-incision vitrectomy surgery (MIVS) that omits any intraocular injections of antibiotics or steroids.

Methods
This Institutional Review Board-approved, single-surgeon retrospective study reviewed MIVS post-surgical outcomes in patients who received a modified-dropless protocol from February 2020 to March 2021. A total of 158 charts were reviewed, of which 150 eyes met the eligibility criteria. After each case, patients were administered a 0.5 cc subconjunctival injection of a 1:1 Cefazolin (50 mg/cc):Dexamethasone (10 mg/cc) in the inferior fornix and 0.5 cc of posterior Sub-Tenon’s Kenalog (STK). No intravitreal injections were administered, and no pre- or postoperative antibiotic or steroid eye drops were prescribed. For patients allergic to penicillin, separate subconjunctival injections of 0.25 cc each of Vancomycin (10 mg/cc) and Dexamethasone (10 mg/cc) were administered. The primary safety parameter was postoperative cases of endophthalmitis. Secondary endpoints consisted of Best-Corrected Distance Visual Acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), and postoperative complications (retinal detachments, inflammation, need for additional surgery) within three months of surgery. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square (χ²) tests for categorical values, and a Student’s t-test to compare continuous outcomes.

Results
The majority of surgeries (96%) were performed with the 27G MIVS platform. There were no cases of postoperative endophthalmitis. Mean logMAR BCVA improved from 0.71 (± 0.67) to 0.61 (± 0.60) post-operatively (p = 0.02). Excluding patients who had silicone oil tamponade, postoperative BCVA improved from 0.67 (± 0.66) to 0.54 (± 0.55) (p = 0.003). Mean IOP increased from 14.6 (± 3.8) to 15.3 (± 4.1) (p = 0.05). Ten patients required further medication therapy for an increase in IOP, one had inflammatory signs, and 14 required a second surgical intervention mostly due to recurrences of initial surgical indication.

Conclusion
A modified-dropless postoperative protocol involving subconjunctival and posterior sub-Tenon’s injections only may be a safe and convenient alternative to topical eye drops for patients undergoing MIVS, but additional and larger studies are needed.
Research into the correlation between positional skull deformation and motor performance of infants aged under 4 months
Authors: Huang Tianqi , Li Wenzao , Wang Chengju , Qu Fuxiang , Yang Qiuxia , Pan Qiuming , Pu Xiaoqin , Xiao Can , Cai Yi , Xia Meifeng , Zhang Yuping 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the correlation between positional skull deformation (PD) and motor performance of infants under 4 months of age.

Methods
Infants aged under 4 months were enrolled in the children’s healthcare and the premature infants follow-up Clinic of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University. The cranial vault asymmetry (CVA) and cephalic index (CI) were calculated in all infants, and the infant motor performance test (TIMP) was used to evaluate the infant motor performance. The motor performances of infants with different types and degrees of PD were compared, so were the incidences of PD in infants with different motor performance levels.

Results
Overall, 2118 infants were recruited and divided according to the types of PD and TIMP scores. The comparison of TIMP scores within different types of PD at different months of age showed that, regardless of the types of PD, TIMP scores of infants with PD were lower than those of normal infants. In particular, the difference in TIMP scores was statistically significant (P < 0.05) in infants with dolichocephaly, plagiocephaly,dolicho-plagiocephaly and brachy-plagiocephy. In addition, the comparison of CVA values of infants with different TIMP score levels at different months of age showed that the CVA values of the extremely low-level group were significantly higher than those of the medium-level and high-level group, especially in the 3-month-old and 4-month-old groups, which showed significant statistical differences (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
PD and motor performance of infants aged under 4 months seem to interact and influenc each other. The more serious the severity of PD were,the worse the motor performance of infants. Conversely, the incidence of PD increased in infants with poor motor performance.
Creation and testing of the Domiscore—a tool to characterize the impact of housing on health and well-being
Authors: Richard Aude , Bruat Camille , Febvrel Didier , Squinazi Fabien , Simos Jean , Zmirou-Navier Denis ,   the members of the HCSP working group, Baillon Laurent , Bex Valérie , Deroubaix Pierre , Drougard Corinne , Estecahandy Pascale , Febvrel Didier , Garrec Nathalie , Goupil Ghislaine , Kirchner Séverine , Kulig Susanne , Madec Laurent , Malou Nathalie , Marano Francelyne , Martinon Laurent , Pamies Sophie , Simos Jean , Squinazi Fabien , Zmirou-Navier Denis 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Despite evidence of the major impact housing carries on health, many individuals still live in unhealthy dwellings. In France, the Domiscore has been proposed as a tool to assess the quality of dwellings with regard to their health impact, to allow for a better detection of unsafe housing and to improve dwellings. The aim of this paper is to present the method used to construct the Domiscore and test its relevance and usability.

Methods
The Domiscore grid, inspired by the Nutriscore, consists of 46 variables—such as air quality, light or outdoor view. Each variable is scored on a four-point scale using in situ observation, mandatory diagnostics and open access data. The sum of each variable’s score results in an overall risk score for the dwelling. The Domiscore was tested in two phases.
During the first testing phase, 11 real estate professionals, health professionals and social workers used the Domiscore for on-site visits in different geographic areas of France. They then participated in a semi-structured qualitative interview.
The second phase consisted in a public consultation with diverse stakeholders such as public authorities, housing activists and social workers, using an online survey to collect their opinions on the Domiscore’s relevance, understandability and usability.

Results
The Domiscore was tested on 28 homes. Variables completion rates were high irrespective of tester profile for all home visits (91%, SD = 4.7%). The mean time needed to fill in the grid was 1.5 h. The public consultation returned 151 responses. The Domiscore was deemed easy to understand, relevant, and rather easy to fill out. Most participants found the Domiscore useful for information gathering, awareness raising, detecting at-risk situations and agreed that it could contribute to enhance housing conditions. Its length was noted, although the inclusion of additional variables was also suggested.

Conclusions
The results of this study suggest that the Domiscore is accessible to housing specialists and other professionals for the evaluation of a dwelling’s health impacts and the standardized detection of dangerous situations. The testing process allowed for improvements in the grid and training materials for future users.
Preclinical evaluation of antimalarial activity of CPF-1 formulation as an alternative choice for the treatment of malaria
Authors: Chaniad Prapaporn , Techarang Tachpon , Phuwajaroanpong Arisara , Plirat Walaiporn , Na-Ek Prasit , Konyanee Atthaphon , Viriyavejakul Parnpen , Septama Abdi Wira , Punsawad Chuchard 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundKheaw Hom remedy is a traditional Thai medicine used to treat fever. Some plants used in the Kheaw Hom remedy show promising in vitro antimalarial activity. This study prepared novel formulations of plants from the Kheaw Hom remedy and evaluated their antimalarial and toxicological activities.MethodsSeven new formulations were prepared by combining at least three herbs of six selected plants from the Kheaw Hom remedy, namelyMammea siamensisKosterm.,Mesua ferreaL.,Dracaena loureiroiGagnep.,Pogostemon cablin(Blanco) Benth.,Kaempferia galangaL, andEupatorium stoechadosmumHance. In vitro antimalarial activities of each formulation’s aqueous and ethanolic extracts were evaluated using the parasite lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) assay. Cytotoxicity in Vero and HepG2 cells was assessed using the MTT assay. An extract with good antimalarial potency and selectivity index (SI) was selected for in vivo antimalarial activity using Peter’s 4-day suppressive test and acute oral toxicity test in mice. In addition, bioactive compounds were identified using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis.ResultsAmong the seven new formulations, ethanolic extracts of CPF-1 (Formulation 1) showed the highest activity with an IC50value of 1.32 ± 0.66 µg/ml, followed by ethanolic extracts of Formulation 4 and Formulation 6 with an IC50value of 1.52 ± 0.28 µg/ml and 2.48 ± 0.34 µg/ml, respectively. The highest SI values were obtained for the ethanolic extract of CPF-1 that was selected to confirm its in vivo antimalarial activity and toxicity. The results demonstrated a significant dose-dependent reduction in parasitemia. Maximum suppressive effect of the extract (72.01%) was observed at the highest dose administered (600 mg/kg). No significant toxicity was observed after the administration of 2000 mg/kg. Using GC-MS analysis, the most abundant compound in the ethanolic extract of CPF-1 was ethylp-methoxycinnamate (14.32%), followed by 2-propenoic acid, 3-phenyl-, ethyl ester, (E)- (2.50%), and pentadecane (1.85%).ConclusionThe ethanolic extract of CPF-1 showed promising in vitro and in vivo antimalarial efficacy, with no toxic effects at a dose of 2000 mg/kg, suggesting that the ethanolic extract of CPF-1 may serves as a new herbal formulation for the treatment of malaria. Additional research is required for safety and clinical pharmacology studies.
Readiness of health facilities to manage individuals infected with COVID-19, Uganda, June 2021
Authors: Mwine Patience , Atuhaire Immaculate , Ahirirwe Sherry R. , Nansikombi Hilda T. , Senyange Shaban , Elayeete Sarah , Masanja Veronicah , Asio Alice , Komakech Allan , Nampeera Rose , Nsubuga Edirisa J. , Nakamya Petranilla , Kwiringira Andrew , Migamba Stella M. , Kwesiga Benon , Kadobera Daniel , Bulage Lillian , Okello Paul E. , Nabatanzi Sandra , Monje Fred , Kyamwine Irene B. , Ario Alex R. , Harris Julie R. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic overwhelmed the capacity of health facilities globally, emphasizing the need for readiness to respond to rapid increases in cases. The first wave of COVID-19 in Uganda peaked in late 2020 and demonstrated challenges with facility readiness to manage cases. The second wave began in May 2021. In June 2021, we assessed the readiness of health facilities in Uganda to manage the second wave of COVID-19.

Methods
Referral hospitals managed severe COVID-19 patients, while lower-level health facilities screened, isolated, and managed mild cases. We assessed 17 of 20 referral hospitals in Uganda and 71 of 3,107 lower-level health facilities, selected using multistage sampling. We interviewed health facility heads in person about case management, coordination and communication and reporting, and preparation for the surge of COVID-19 during first and the start of the second waves of COVID-19, inspected COVID-19 treatment units (CTUs) and other service delivery points. We used an observational checklist to evaluate capacity in infection prevention, medicines, personal protective equipment (PPE), and CTU surge capacity. We used the “ReadyScore” criteria to classify readiness levels as > 80% (‘ready’), 40–80% (‘work to do’), and < 40% (‘not ready’) and tailored the assessments to the health facility level. Scores for the lower-level health facilities were weighted to approximate representativeness for their health facility type in Uganda.

Results
The median (interquartile range (IQR)) readiness scores were: 39% (IQR: 30, 51%) for all health facilities, 63% (IQR: 56, 75%) for referral hospitals, and 32% (IQR: 24, 37%) for lower-level facilities. Of 17 referral facilities, two (12%) were ‘ready’ and 15 (88%) were in the “work to do” category. Fourteen (82%) had an inadequate supply of medicines, 12 (71%) lacked adequate supply of oxygen, and 11 (65%) lacked space to expand their CTU. Fifty-five (77%) lower-level health facilities were “not ready,” and 16 (23%) were in the “work to do” category. Seventy (99%) lower-level health facilities lacked medicines, 65 (92%) lacked PPE, and 53 (73%) lacked an emergency plan for COVID-19.

Conclusion
Few health facilities were ready to manage the second wave of COVID-19 in Uganda during June 2021. Significant gaps existed for essential medicines, PPE, oxygen, and space to expand CTUs. The Uganda Ministry of Health utilized our findings to set up additional COVID-19 wards in hospitals and deliver medicines and PPE to referral hospitals. Adequate readiness for future waves of COVID-19 requires additional support and action in Uganda.
Evaluation of the implementation progress through key performance indicators in a new multimorbidity patient-centered care model in Chile
Authors: Varela Teresita , Zamorano Paula , Muñoz Paulina , Rain Carolina , Irazoqui Esteban , Sapag Jaime C. , Tellez Alvaro 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Complex health interventions involve deep organizational, structural, and cultural changes that challenge health teams and decision-makers. The explosion of chronic diseases has made the multimorbidity approach a global priority. The Centro de Innovación en Salud ANCORA UC implemented a Multimorbidity Patient-Centered Care Model in the Chilean public health system.

Objective
This study aims to evaluate the progress of the implementation of the Multimorbidity Patient-Centered Care Model in seven primary care centers through key performance indicators.

Methods
a set of indicators was designed to evaluate change management, operations, installation of new roles, and services and activities of the intervention strategy of the model. Key performance indicators were identified to monitor the implementation progress on minimal components for the model’s sustainability. Each item was assigned against an expected minimum score of 67% of progress from the overall score. They were monitored twice in seven primary health centers in 2019 and 2020, which intervened 22,642 patients with the intervention.

Results
The results showed that six of the seven primary care centers reached the minimum implementation threshold. The main advances were in operational conditions, and those with minor progress in implementation were the clinical services. Population size, organization, coordination of the health care teams, additional training, and decision-makers support were key factors that determined the degree of progress in a complex intervention.

Conclusion
It was possible to measure the progression of the implementation of a complex intervention through key performance indicators delivering relevant information for decision-makers that pursue a successful and faithful implementation. This study provides a valuable tool for the national scale-up of a similar model started in Chile by the Ministry of Health and other countries.
Association between chronic pain and risk of incident dementia: findings from a prospective cohort
Authors: Tian Jing , Jones Graeme , Lin Xin , Zhou Yuan , King Anna , Vickers James , Pan Feng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Chronic musculoskeletal pain has been linked to dementia; however, chronic pain typically occurs in multiple sites; therefore, this study was to investigate whether greater number of chronic pain sites is associated with a higher risk of dementia and its subtypes.

Methods
Participants (N = 356,383) in the UK Biobank who were dementia-free at baseline were included. Pain in the hip, knee, back, and neck/shoulder or ‘all over the body’ and its duration were assessed. Participants were categorised into six groups: no chronic pain; chronic pain in 1, 2, 3, and 4 sites, and ‘all over the body’. All-cause dementia and its subtypes were ascertained using hospital inpatient and death registry records. Cox regression was used to investigate the associations between the number of chronic pain sites and the incidence of all-cause dementia and its subtypes.

Results
Over a median follow-up of 13 years, 4959 participants developed dementia. After adjustment for sociodemographic, lifestyle, comorbidities, pain medications, psychological problems, and sleep factors, greater number of chronic pain sites was associated with an increased risk of incident all-cause dementia (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.08 per 1 site increase, 95% CI 1.05–1.11) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (HR = 1.09 per 1-site increase, 95% CI 1.04–1.13) in a dose–response manner but not vascular and frontotemporal dementia. No significant association was found between the number of chronic pain sites and the risk of incident all-cause dementia among a subsample that underwent a fluid intelligence test.

Conclusions
Greater number of chronic pain sites was associated with an increased risk of incident all-cause dementia and AD, suggesting that chronic pain in multiple sites may contribute to individuals’ dementia risk and is an underestimated risk factor for dementia.
Investigating the relationship between depression and breast cancer: observational and genetic analyses
Authors: Wu Xueyao , Zhang Wenqiang , Zhao Xunying , Zhang Li , Xu Minghan , Hao Yu , Xiao Jinyu , Zhang Ben , Li Jiayuan , Kraft Peter , Smoller Jordan W. , Jiang Xia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Both depression and breast cancer (BC) contribute to a substantial global burden of morbidity and mortality among women, and previous studies have observed a potential depression-BC link. We aimed to comprehensively characterize the phenotypic and genetic relationships between depression and BC.

Methods
We first evaluated phenotypic association using longitudinal follow-up data from the UK Biobank (N = 250,294). We then investigated genetic relationships leveraging summary statistics from the hitherto largest genome-wide association study of European individuals conducted for depression (N = 500,199), BC (N = 247,173), and its subtypes based on the status of estrogen receptor (ER + : N = 175,475; ER − : N = 127,442).

Results
Observational analysis suggested an increased hazard of BC in depression patients (HR = 1.10, 95%CIs = 0.95–1.26). A positive genetic correlation between depression and overall BC was observed ($${r}_{g}$$

r
g

= 0.08, P = 3.00 × 10–4), consistent across ER + ($${r}_{g}$$

r
g

= 0.06, P = 6.30 × 10–3) and ER − subtypes ($${r}_{g}$$

r
g

= 0.08, P = 7.20 × 10–3). Several specific genomic regions showed evidence of local genetic correlation, including one locus at 9q31.2, and four loci at, or close, to 6p22.1. Cross-trait meta-analysis identified 17 pleiotropic loci shared between depression and BC. TWAS analysis revealed five shared genes. Bi-directional Mendelian randomization suggested risk of depression was causally associated with risk of overall BC (OR = 1.12, 95%Cis = 1.04–1.19), but risk of BC was not causally associated with risk of depression.

Conclusions
Our work demonstrates a shared genetic basis, pleiotropic loci, and a putative causal relationship between depression and BC, highlighting a biological link underlying the observed phenotypic relationship; these findings may provide important implications for future studies aimed reducing BC risk.
Lower heart rate variability, an index of worse autonomic function, is associated with worse beta cell response to a glycemic load in vivo—The Maastricht Study
Authors: Rinaldi Elisabetta , van der Heide Frank CT , Bonora Enzo , Trombetta Maddalena , Zusi Chiara , Kroon Abraham A , Schram Miranda T , van der Kallen Carla JH , Wesselius Anke , Bonadonna Riccardo , Mari Andrea , Schalkwijk Casper G , van Greevenbroek Marleen MJ , Stehouwer Coen DA 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective
We investigated, using population-based data, whether worse autonomic function, estimated from lower 24-hour heart rate variability (HRV), was associated with beta cell function, assessed from beta cell response during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).

Research design and methods
We used cross-sectional data from The Maastricht Study, a population-based cohort study (N = 2,007; age, mean ± SD:60 ± 8 years; 52% men; and 24% with type 2 diabetes). We used linear regression analyses with adjustment for potential confounders (demographic, cardiovascular, and lifestyle factors) to study the associations of time- and frequency-domain HRV (composite scores) with overall beta cell response (estimated from a composite score calculated from: C-peptidogenic index, overall insulin secretion, beta cell glucose sensitivity, beta cell potentiation factor, and beta cell rate sensitivity). In addition, we tested for interaction by sex and glucose metabolism status.

Results
After full adjustment, lower time- and frequency-domain HRV was significantly associated with lower overall beta cell response composite score (standardized beta, -0.055 [-0.098; -0.011] and − 0.051 [-0.095; -0.007], respectively). These associations were not modified by sex and there was no consistent pattern of interaction by glucose metabolism status.

Conclusion
The present etiological study found that worse autonomic function, estimated from lower HRV, was associated with worse beta cell function, estimated from a composite score in a population-based sample which covered the entire spectrum of glucose metabolism. Hence, autonomic dysfunction may contribute to beta cell dysfunction and, ultimately, to the alteration of glucose metabolism status from normal glucose metabolism to prediabetes and type 2 diabetes.
Promoting AMPK/SR-A1-mediated clearance of HMGB1 attenuates chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Yang Xing , Jia Rumeng , Hu Fan , Fan Wen , Lin Tongtong , Zhang Xiaotao , Xu Chenjie , Ruan Shirong , Jiang Chunyi , Li Yan , Pan Cailong , Yang Yang , Hu Liang , Chen Qi , Liu Wen-Tao 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a serious side effect of chemotherapy with poorly understood mechanisms and few treatments. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)-induced neuroinflammation is the main cause of CIPN. Here, we aimed to illustrate the role of the macrophage scavenger receptor A1 (SR-A1) in HMGB1 clearance and CIPN resolution.

Methods
Oxaliplatin (L-OHP) was used to establish a CIPN model. Recombinant HMGB1 (rHMGB1) (his tag) was used to evaluate the phagocytosis of HMGB1 by macrophages.

Results
In the clinic, HMGB1 expression and MMP-9 activity were increased in the plasma of patients with CIPN. Plasma HMGB1 expression was positively correlated with the cumulative dose of L-OHP and the visual analog scale. In vitro, engulfment and degradation of rHMGB1 increased and inflammatory factor expression decreased after AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. Neutralizing antibodies, inhibitors, or knockout of SR-A1 abolished the effects of AMPK activation on rHMGB1 engulfment. In vivo, AMPK activation increased SR-A1 expression in the dorsal root ganglion, decreased plasma HMGB1 expression and MMP-9 activity, and attenuated CIPN, which was abolished by AMPK inhibition or SR-A1 knockout in the CIPN mice model.

Conclusion
Activation of the AMPK/SR-A1 axis alleviated CIPN by increasing macrophage-mediated HMGB1 engulfment and degradation. Therefore, promoting HMGB1 clearance may be a potential treatment strategy for CIPN.