bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary Manifestations and their Determinants in Long Covid Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study after One Year Follow-Up, From Iran
Authors: Fallahi Mohammad Javad , Lankarani Kamran Bagheri , Honarvar Behnam , Jalalpour Amir Hossein , Shamsnia Seyed Ali , Peiravi Mina , Rafiee Fatemeh , Rad Neda Defaee , Zeraatiannejad Mastaneh , Bahadori Amir Reza 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background and aimPost-Covid-19 condition or long covid syndrome (LCS), including both pulmonary and extra-pulmonary manifestations, were reported in about 90% of covid-19 infected hospitalized patients. This study aims to determine pulmonary manifestations of LCS and its associated factors in hospitalized patients.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients who were admitted due to Covid-19 in the referral hospital of Covid-19 in Shiraz, Iran. The list of patients with a history of hospital admission due to Covid-19 was provided by the deputy for curative affairs of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS), Shiraz, Iran. Then, by systematic randomized sampling method, 300 patients were selected and invited to come to Motahari Clinic affiliated to SUMS, Shiraz, Iran. A general questionnaire including demographic and socioeconomic factors was filled out for every patient. We evaluated the patients in three stages: pre-hospital, hospital, and post-hospital. A Modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) questionnaire was also used for dyspnea assessment and pulmonary function test (PFT) was performed for examining lung function.Finding290 patients with a mean age of 53.23±13.4, and female to male ratio of 1.65, accepted our invitation and referred to the clinic. Of the participants, 115(39.7%) were previously diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM), cardiovascular disease (CVD), or obesity (BMI > 30). The mean length of hospital stay due to covid-19 was 8.78±1 days (median = six days) while 47(16.2%) had a history of admission to ICU. This study was conducted about one year after the patients were discharged from the hospital (mean=327±124.4 days, median = 306 days). Out of all, 176 (60%) had mMRC score≥1, including 66 (22.8%) with severe dyspnea. Furthermore, 147 (50.7%) had abnormal PFTs, including 123 (42.4%) with impaired TLco and 46 (15.8%) with a restrictive pattern of lung disease. In univariate analysis, patients who were admitted to the ICU (p=0.002) or who had received corticosteroids (p=0.024) during hospital admission showed milder dyspnea after one-year follow-up. Logistic regression revealed a reverse association between ICU admission and the severity of dyspnea (p=0.04).ConclusionAppropriate treatment and care during hospitalization and continued regular follow-up for at least one year after discharge is crucial to provide a significant enhancement of Covid-19 infected patient's overall prognosis. The Long-term pulmonic consequences of Covid-19 need special attention.
Enhancing the durability and antibacterial activity of glass ionomer restorative material enriched L-arginine and Nano-titanium for pit and fissure sealing
Authors: Elgamily Hanaa Mahmoud , Aboalazm Emad , Youssef Ahmed M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Powders of standard particle sizes do not enhance glass-ionomer cement (GIC); nonetheless, certain nanoparticles may provide noticeable strength improvements. Despite the bioavailability of fluoride release from GIC, The main reason GIC restorations still fail is secondary caries. This study aims to reinforce the mechanical properties and improve the antibacterial efficiency of conventional restorative GIC supplemented with 1% L-arginine (Arg) and 3% Titanium dioxide nanopowder (TiO2NPs) for pit and fissure sealing after enamel surface pre-treatment with acid etching and without mechanical preparation.
Methods
A study analyzed 100 extracted human third molars, divided into two groups based on fissure sealant application: Control group; conventional restorative Glass Ionomer Ionofil Plus (IP) (VOCO, GmbH, Cuxhaven, Germany) and Experiment group; Arg-TiO2 incorporating Glass Ionomer Ionofil Plus. Specimens were tested for enamel shear bond strength, microleakage, surface analysis, and fluoride ions release. Specimens were incubated with Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175), Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (NRRL B-442), and Actinomyces viscous (ATCC 19246) for antibacterial evaluation using adherent/planktonic bacterial count test.
Results
The experimental Arg-TiO2 (IP) GIC group obtained a lower microleakage %, higher shear bond strength, and more constant fluoride released compared to the control (IP) GIC group (statistically significant results (P = 0.01, 0.002, and < 0.001 respectively). The adherent L. rhamnosus bacterial count had the highest count from different adherent bacterial in Arg-TiO2 (IP) GIC group (P < 0.001) as well as had a higher count compared to other adherent L. rhamnosus bacterial count in the control group (without GIC)and (IP) GIC group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the lack of adherent S. mutans bacterial count in Arg-TiO2 (IP) GIC compared to planktonic/ adherent S. mutans bacterial count in the control group and (IP) GIC group (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
The incorporation of 3%TiO2 NPs and 1% l-arginine in (IP) GIC, enhanced the mechanical properties of (IP) GIC with a more fluoride release and promising antimicrobial efficiency.
The secretor status of the blood group antigens in saliva and the risk of getting oral cancer: a systematic review
Authors: Walpola Thamodi , Jayawardhane Dilrukshi , Weerasekara Ishanka 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
​Background: Human ABO blood group type and the antigenic secretor status is hypothesized to cause oral diseases including oral cancer. Secretor status is the ability of individuals to secrete blood group antigens into body fluids. This study was aimed to evaluate the secretor status effect of ABO antigens of saliva in patients with oral cancers or oral potentially malignant disorders relative to healthy adults.
Methods: A systematic and comprehensive online search from inception to 28 April 2022 was carried out in Medline, Embase, PsycInfo and Emcare. The language was limited to English. Yielded records were screened by two independent reviewers at the title & abstract phase, and at full text screening. Studies investigating adults (≥18 years) with oral cancers or oral potentially malignant disorders compared to adults free of oral cancer were included to this study. Data were extracted according to a pre-identified inclusion and exclusion criteria. Methodological quality was assessed, and the findings were analyzed narratively. Meta-analyses were conducted to pool the odds of the non-secretor status of oral cancers and oral potentially malignant disorders compared to healthy adults.
Results: The search resulted a total of 34 studies from 3 databases. Nine duplicates were removed. During the title & abstract screening, 11 irrelevant studies were excluded. Twelve studies were screened during the full text screening, and 8 articles were eligible to be included in the final analysis. A pooled odds ratio (OR) of 3.80 (95%CI, 1.53 – 9.44) was estimated when pooled 1254 oral cancers and oral potentially malignant disorders patients compared to 666 healthy adults.
Discussion and Conclusion: The odds of being a non-secretor is approximately 3.8 times higher in patients with oral cancers and oral potentially malignant disorders compared to healthy adults. Lack of ABO blood group antigens in body fluids of non-secretors, are more exposed to exogenous antigens than secretors. The host-parasite interactions of secretors and non-secretors underlying the oral cancer and other diseases may evidence to support or refuse them. The relationship of ABO blood type with the risk of getting oral cancer is at an inconclusive state. The findings warrant use of non-secretor status as a non-expensive early screening test for oral cancers or oral potentially malignant disorders.
Achieving net zero greenhouse gas emissions critical to limit climate tipping risks
Authors: Möller Tessa , Högner Annika (Ernest) , Schleussner Carl-Friedrich , Bien Samuel , Kitzmann Niklas , Lamboll Robin , Rogelj Joeri , Donges Jonathan , Rockström Johan , Wunderling Nico 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Under current emission trajectories, at least temporarily overshooting the Paris global warming limit of 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels is a distinct possibility. Permanently exceeding this limit would substantially increase the risks of triggering several climate tipping elements with associated high-end impacts on human societies and the Earth system. It is essential to assess this risk under emission pathways that temporarily overshoot 1.5 °C. Here, we investigate the tipping risks associated with a number of policy-relevant future emission scenarios, using a stylised Earth system model that comprises four interconnected core tipping elements. We find that tipping risks until 2300 increase by 5 % for every tenth of a degree above 1.5 °C if global warming levels do not return to 1.5 °C or lower by the end of this century. If overshoots above 1.5 °C are limited in both peak temperature and duration (return below 1.5 °C in 2100), tipping risks until 2300 can be kept below 3 %. We show that achieving and maintaining at least net-zero greenhouse gas emissions is paramount to minimise tipping risks on multi-century timescales. Our results underscore that stringent emission reductions in the current decade in line with the Paris Agreement 1.5 °C limit are critical for planetary stability.
Are you Ready? Students’ Hurricane Preparedness Behaviors and Plans
Authors: Abukhalaf Amer Hamad Issa , Okhai Ratna 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
As many studies show that college students are ill-prepared for hurricanes, it is critical to further study how to engage college students to be better prepared. Our study examined this by answering one main research question "What encourages college students to take hurricane preparedness action?" A quantitative approach was used in this study's data collection and analysis, and 578 students from five universities and community colleges in Florida participated in our study. We designed an online questionnaire based on three main protective behaviors (preparing an emergency supply kit, an evacuation plan, and a communication plan) and six behavioral constructs (threat possibility, threat severity, self-efficacy, response efficacy, subjective social norms, and sense of responsibility). Based on our multi-linear and logistic regression models, risk perception had a statistically insignificant impact on students’ intentions to take hurricane protective behaviors. Similarly, responsibility had a statistically insignificant (or significant but weak) on students’ intention in the behavioral models. However, efficacy and social norms had the strongest impact on students' intentions in all models. By addressing specific hurricane preparedness behaviors, our fills a research gap and engages US college campuses to better understand and plan their emergency management with consideration for their students’ preparedness behaviors.
Experiences of Delivering and Receiving Mental Healthcare in the Acute Hospital Setting: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Romeu Daniel , Guthrie Elspeth , Saraiva Sonia , Czoski-Murray Carolyn , Hewison Jenny , House Allan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Recent investment in UK liaison psychiatry services has focused on expanding provision for acute and emergency referrals. Little is known about the experiences of users and providers of these services. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of users of acute liaison mental health services (LMHS) and those of NHS staff working within LMHS or referring to LMHS. A secondary aim was to explore the potential impact of a one-hour service access target on service delivery.
Methods
Cross-sectional qualitative study. Individual interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and interpreted using framework analysis.
Results
Service users reported mixed experiences of LMHS, with some reporting positive experiences and some reporting poor care. Most service users described the emergency department (ED) environment as extremely stressful and wished to be seen as quickly as possible. Staff described positive benefits of the one-hour access target but identified unintended consequences and trade-offs that affected other parts of the liaison service.
Conclusions
The assessment and treatment of people who attend ED with mental health problems needs to improve and particular attention should be given to the stressful nature of the ED environment for those who are extremely agitated or distressed.
Genome-wide characterization of SDR gene family and its potential role in seed dormancy of Brassica napus L
Authors: Zhang Fugui , Chen Tianhua , Liu Nian , Hou Xinzhe , Wang Ling , Cai Qing'ao , Li Rui , Qian Xingzhi , Xu Hong , Zhu Zonghe , Zheng Wenyin , Yu Yan , Zhou Kejin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) with short or no dormancy period are easy to germinate before harvest (pre-harvest sprouting, PHS). PHS has seriously decreased seed weight and oil content of B. napus. short-chain dehydrogenase/ reductase (SDR) genes have been found to related to seed dormancy in rice and Arabidopsis by promoting ABA biosynthesis. In order to clarify whether SDR genes are the key factor of seed dormancy in B. napus, homology sequence blast, protein physicochemical properties, conserved motif, gene structure, cis-acting element, and gene expression analysis were conducted in present study. Results shown that 142 SDR genes, unevenly distributed on 19 chromosomes, has been identified in B. napus genome. Among them, four SDR clusters present in chromosome A04、A05、C03、C04 were also identified. These 142 SDR genes were divided into four subfamilies on phylogenetic tree. Members of the same subgroup have similar protein character, conserved motifs, gene structure, cis-acting elements and tissue expression profile. Specially, the expression levels of genes in subgroup A and D were gradually decreased, but greatly fluctuated in subgroup B with the development of seeds. However, the expression levels of three genes in subgroup C and four genes in group B were rapidly raised at the late stage of seed development (64 days after flowering). Mostly, we explored four seed dormancy related candidate genes which were significantly higher expressed in weak dormancy seeds than that in nondormancy seeds. These findings provide a key information for investigating the function of BnaSDR on seed dormancy in B. napus.
Ionospheric Disturbances at Low-latitude during Severe Geomagnetic Storm Events
Authors: Kenpankho Prasert , Pansong Chollada 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we investigated the characteristics of Total Electron Content (TEC) using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) satellites at low-latitudes during geomagnetic storms, focusing on the severe geomagnetic storm events that occurred on March 24, 2023, and April 23–24, 2023. The GNSS receiver stations at low-latitude are situated in Bangkok, (13.729°N, 100.780°E) and Chumphon (10.724°N, 99.375°E), Thailand. The TEC data were collected from three sources: GNSS satellites receivers, International GNSS Service (IGS), and International Reference Ionosphere (IRI). We compared the GPS TEC, IGS TEC, and IRI TEC. Subsequently, we examined the correlation between the levels of geomagnetic storms and ionospheric TEC disturbances. The results showed that the geomagnetic storm levels correspond to ionospheric TEC disturbances. We found that during the occurrence of a geomagnetic storm, TEC values tend to continuously increase and then return to normal within a few days. During the storm events, TEC values were increased by approximately 10–35 percent over Bangkok and up to 75 percent over Chumphon. The correlation between the geomagnetic storms levels and TEC disturbances are found to be significantly associated with the intensity of geomagnetic storms. An increase in the intensity of strong geomagnetic storms, there are positive correlations with higher TEC values. However, during quiet periods, TEC maintains its normal levels without showing a decrease below the baseline value, indicating a negative correlation observed.
Multiomics provided insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying black-colored mantle in scallops
Authors: Wang Caihui , Wang Fukai , Chen Min , Zhu Peican , Song Junlin , Ning Junhao , Lu Xia , Wang Chunde , Liu Bo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Systematic development of genetic breeding should be based on a good understanding of good growth traits, e.g., color traits, which can greatly influence organismal function. Melanin greatly influences the physiological functions of organisms; however, such studies on scallops are scarce. In this study, we collected the black mantle tissues from Bohai Red scallops and sequenced the transcriptome and metabolome, with normal-colored (white) mantle tissues as control (three black and three normal). Our results revealed that the pigment component in the black mantle of scallops was indeed melanin. Based on the transcriptome data, 1314 differentially expressed genes were obtained and subjected to the Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis. The upregulated genes in the black mantle were mainly enriched in transition metal ion binding, hydrolytic enzyme activity, and copper ion binding. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis revealed that the up- and downregulated genes were enriched in different pathways, suggesting that the pathways for the formation of the black mantle were unique. Several candidate genes associated with black mantle formation in scallops were identified. Among them, the downregulation of MAO and GST genes and upregulation of CYP3A and PKA genes may have a positive effect on the formation of black mantle in scallops. The differentially expressed metabolites were mainly enriched in metabolism-related biological pathways. This suggested that the formation of black mantle in scallops may affect physiological functions related to metabolism in scallops. Therefore, this study revealed several candidate genes related to the formation of black mantle in scallops via multiomics and provided a theoretical basis for breeding scallops with black mantle with high economic value.
Exploring Knowledge, Attitude, and Intention towards Advance Care Planning, Advance Directive, and the Patient Self-Determination Act among Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Tsai Shang-Feng , Yeh Te-Feng , Chen Cheng-Hsu , Chang Ching-Yi , Yang Jia-Yi , Hsiao Ching-Ching , Hsu Shu-Chuan , Chen Shih-Yun , Lin Huan-Yi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background:
Hemodialysis holds the highest incidence and prevalence rate in Taiwan globally. However, the implementation of advance care planning (ACP), advance directives (AD), and patient self-determination acts (PSDA) remains limited. Our objective was to examine the current status of ACP, AD and PSDA and explore potential opportunities for enhancement.
Methods:
We developed a novel questionnaire to assess individuals' knowledge, attitudes, and intentions regarding ACP, AD, and PSDA. We also collected baseline characteristics and additional inquiries for correlation analysis to identify potential influencing factors. Student's t-test and Analysis of Variance were employed to assess significance.
Results:
Initially, a cohort of 241 patients was initially considered for inclusion in this study. Subsequently, 135 patients agreed to participate in the questionnaire study, resulting in 129 valid questionnaires. Among these respondents, 76 were male (59.9%), and 53 were female (41.1%). Only 13.2% had signed AD. A significant portion (85.3%) indicated that they had not discussed their dialysis prognosis with healthcare providers. Additionally, a mere 14% engaged in conversations about life-threatening decisions. Ninety percent believed that healthcare providers had not furnished information about ACP, and only 30% had discussed such choices with their families. The findings revealed that the average standardized score for ACP and AD goals was 84.97, while the attitude towards PSDA received a standardized score of 69.94. The intention score stood at 69.52 in standardized terms. Potential candidates for ACP initiation included individuals aged 50 to 64, possessing at least a college education, being unmarried, and having no history of diabetes.
Conclusion
Awareness levels concerning ACP, AD, and PSAD remained notably constrained among patients undergoing hemodialysis. Nevertheless, a positive attitude prevailed, and a significant number of patients were open to signing AD. Nephrologists should engage in ACP from the earliest stages, and considering the characteristics mentioned earlier, initiation of the process could be focused on patients aged 50 to 64, with at least a college education, unmarried status, and no history of diabetes.
Decentralized triangular relative navigation of multiple UAVs based on relative range and inertial measurements
Authors: Alizad Meysam , Hadi Hadi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a novel algorithm for cooperative relative navigation of multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is proposed based on relative range and inertial measurements. In this algorithm, a relative motion estimation model is established for each group of three UAVs that can form a triangle in space. Each group member estimates the relative position and heading angle of the other group members and shares the estimation results with the other group members. When members satisfy the triangle law among their estimated relative position vectors, they can estimate more accurately. After analyzing the observability of the presented model, the necessary conditions for observability are also given, which are less restrictive compared to previous methods. Then, the presented method is compared with the distributed extended Kalman method. The results of both methods are analyzed in the presence of noise, disturbances, and under the condition of disconnection between the members.
Efficacy of a Metacognitive Training Program in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: A 6-Month Follow Up Randomized Controlled Trial.
Authors: Bampa Grigoria , Moraitou Despina , Metallidou Panagiota , Masoura Elvira , Papantoniou Georgia , Sofologi Maria , Kougioumtzis Georgios , Papatzikis Efthymios , Tsolaki Magdalini 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study was conducted in response to the increasing prevalence of AD dementia and the significant risk faced by individuals with amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment with multiple domains deficits (aMCI-md). Given the promising effects of MPTs, the primary aim of this study was to further explore their impact by assessing the maintenance of their benefits. Thus, 45 participants were randomly allocated in two groups: the experimental group (n = 22), that received the Metacognitive Training Program (MTP), and the control group (n = 23) that received the Cognitive Exercises Program (CEP). The training programs - the MTP and the CEP - included 10 individual sessions of one hour duration and took place once per week. To test efficacy of the MTP, cognitive and metacognitive outcomes were compared between two groups -Experimental and Control- at four distinct time points: before-after-3 months-6 months after intervention. Based on the study’s findings the positive effects of the MTP were evident over a six-month period. Specifically, already three months post-training, the CG began to show a decline in training-related gains. In contrast, the EG's performance consistently improved, highlighting the superior efficacy of the MTP. Gains attributed to the MTP were detected in cognitive measures: cognitive flexibility and immediate visual recall, as well as in metacognitive measures: metacognitive control, improved metacognitive beliefs of attention and increased use of cognitive strategies.