bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute oral toxicity, apoptosis, and immune response in nurse bees (Apis mellifera) induced by flupyradifurone
Authors: Gao Jing , Guo Yi , Chen Jin , Diao Qing-Yun , Wang Qiang , Dai Ping-Li , Zhang Li , Li Wen-Min , Wu Yan-Yan 
Published: March 2023

The potential toxicity of flupyradifurone (FPF) to honey bees has been a subject of controversy in recent years. Understanding the effect of pesticides on nurse bees is important because the fitness of nurse bees is critical for in-hive activities, such as larval survival and performing hive maintenance. In order to evaluate the acute oral toxicity of flupyradifurone on nurse bees, flupyradifurone at five different concentrations was selected to feed both larvae and nurse bees. Our results showed that nurse bees were more sensitive to flupyradifurone than larvae (LD50 of the acute oral toxicity of flupyradifurone was 17.72 μg a.i./larva and 3.368 μg a.i./nurse bee). In addition, the apoptotic rates of neurons in mushroom bodies of nurse bees were significantly induced by flupyradifurone at sublethal concentrations (8 mg/L, 20 mg/L, and 50 mg/L) and the median lethal concentration LC50 (125 mg/L). The expression of immune-related genes (Hsp90, Toll-8/Tollo, and defensin) was significantly changed in exposed nurse bees at the field-realistic concentration of flupyradifurone. However, three detoxifying enzyme genes (CYP9Q1, -2, and -3) were not affected by pesticide exposure. Our data suggest that although flupyradifurone had a relatively lower acute oral toxicity than many other common pesticides, exposures to the field-realistic and other sublethal concentrations of flupyradifurone still have cytotoxicity and immune-responsive effects on nurse bees. Therefore, flupyradifurone should be considered for its application in crops.
Biomass composite with exogenous organic acid addition supports the growth of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor ‘Dochna’) by reducing salinity and increasing nutrient levels in coastal saline–alkaline soil
Authors: Yang Ruixue , Sun Zhengguo , Liu Xinbao , Long Xiaohua , Gao Limin , Shen Yixin 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionIn coastal saline lands, organic matter is scarce and saline stress is high. Exploring the promotion effect of intervention with organic acid from biological materials on soil improvement and thus forage output and determining the related mechanism are beneficial to the potential cultivation and resourceful, high-value utilization of coastal mudflats as back-up arable land.MethodThree exogenous organic acids [humic acid (H), fulvic acid (F), and citric acid (C)] were combined with four kinds of biomass materials [cottonseed hull (CH), cow manure (CM), grass charcoal (GC), and pine needle (PN)] and applied to about 0.3% of medium-salt mudflat soil. The salinity and nutrient dynamics of the soil and the growth and physiological differences of sweet sorghum at the seedling, elongation, and heading stages were observed under different treatments to screen for efficient combinations and analyze the intrinsic causes and influencing mechanisms.ResultsThe soil salinity, nutrient dynamics, and forage grass biological yield during sweet sorghum cultivation in saline soils differed significantly (p &lt; 0.05) depending on the type of organic acid–biomass composite applied. Citric acid–pine needle composite substantially reduced the soil salinity and increased the soil nutrient content at the seedling stage and improved the root vigor and photosynthesis of sweet sorghum by increasing its stress tolerance, allowing plant morphological restructuring for a high biological yield. The improvement effect of fulvic acid–pine needle or fulvic acid–cow manure composite was manifested at the elongation and heading stages.DiscussionCitric acid–pine needle composite promoted the growth of saline sweet sorghum seedlings, and the effect of fulvic acid–pine needle composite lasted until the middle and late stages.
What shapes attitudes on gender roles among adolescents in Bangladesh
Authors: Streatfield Avita J. , Rahman Md Mahabubur , Khan Shusmita , Haider M. Moinuddin , Rahman Mizanur , Nahar Quamrun , Jamil Kanta 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundIn Bangladesh, large gender differentials exist in outcomes in almost all spheres of life, stemming from conservative norms and attitudes around gender. Adolescence is a crucial period for social-emotional learning that can shape gender norms and attitudes.ObjectiveThe aim of the paper is to investigate the extent to which adolescents hold egalitarian attitudes toward gender roles, and to examine the factors that influence egalitarian gender attitudes.MethodsThe paper uses data from a nationally representative sample survey of 7,800 unmarried girls and 5,523 unmarried boys ages 15–19 years. Adolescents were considered to have egalitarian attitudes on gender role if they disagreed with all the following four unequal gender role statements with regards to socio-economic participation, while respondents who agreed with any one of the four statements were considered to have non-egalitarian attitudes: (1) It is important that sons have more education than daughters, (2) Outdoor games are only for boys, not girls, (3) Household chores are for women only, not for men, even if the woman works outside the home, and (4) Women should not be allowed to work outside the home. Multivariable linear probability regression analysis was implemented to identify the factors shaping attitudes on gender roles.ResultsUnmarried girls and boys differ hugely in their views on gender roles regarding socio economic participation-girls were much more egalitarian than boys (58 vs. 19%). The multivariate linear probability model results show girls and boys who completed at least grade 10 were 31% points and 15% points more likely to have egalitarian views on gender roles respectively, compared to girls and boys with primary or less education. Having strong connection with parents is associated with having egalitarian views on gender roles among girls but not boys. Adolescents' individual attitude on gender role is highly associated with the views of their community peers for both girls and boys. Girls and boys who had participated in adolescent programs were 6–7% points more likely to have egalitarian attitude than those who were not exposed to these programs. Egalitarian views were also significantly higher, by 5% points among girls and 6% points among boys, who were members of social organizations compared to those who were not. Watching television had positive influence on egalitarian attitudes among girls but not among boys. To create a more egalitarian society, both men and women need to hold progressive attitudes toward gender roles. The interventions must be multilevel, influencing adolescents at the personal, interpersonal, communal, and societal levels.
Action learning and public health pedagogy: Student reflections from an experiential public health course
Authors: Pham Christine N. , Cunningham Shayna D. , Humphries Debbie L. 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionApplied practice experiences are essential components of the Masters of Public Health (MPH) curriculum. The objective of this study was to examine students’ perspectives on the skills and expertise they developed in an MPH course offering applied practice opportunities.MethodsOf 236 students who took the course from 2008 to 2018, email addresses were obtained for 212 and 104 completed the consent form. Following consent, reflection essays were de-identified and analyzed using a rapid qualitative analysis approach. The essays addressed students’ learning experiences and application of the competencies for MPH programs set by the Council for Education in Public Health (CEPH). Deductive and inductive analytical lenses were used to identify the key lessons learned by each cohort of students. Semi-structured guides and matrixes for essay analysis were created using assignment instructions and CEPH competencies.ResultsAlthough the reflection paper assignment varied across the years, commonalities were observed in the student reflections. Key themes included turning theory into practice, navigating the complex environment of public health practice, skill building, critical self-reflection, challenges encountered, and elements that facilitated project success. Students reported developing practical skills, such as planning for independent research (e.g., preparing for institutional review board (IRB) submission, consulting with faculty and other experts), identifying realistic approaches for data extraction during chart reviews and analyses of electronic medical records, and disseminating findings for diverse stakeholders and audiences. Students also reported strengthening cross-cutting skills such as communication, teamwork, and problem-solving that were useful for navigating power dynamics and balancing competing interests and expectations. Students explored their identity as public health professionals as they navigated the dynamics of public health practice.ConclusionThe applied practice experience served as a valuable tool for knowledge and skills acquisition. Moreover, it served as an opportunity for students to engage with the unique organizational cultures of their respective community partners and to deepen their understanding the complexities of conducting meaningful community-engaged research.ImplicationsThis study demonstrates the utility of analyzing students’ critical self-reflections as a tool for exploring learning experiences when training future public health professionals. The findings can help educators design future applied practice experiences.
An exploration of sanitation-related decision-making, leadership, collective action, and freedom of movement among women in urban Tiruchirappalli, India
Authors: Doma Rinchen , Patrick Madeleine , Conrad Amelia , Ramanarayanan Vinod , Arun Srishty , Sinharoy Sheela S. , Caruso Bethany A. 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionSanitation research in India has emphasized the disproportionate burden that unsafe and inadequate WASH can have on women and girls. However, there is a gap in research exploring women's agency in relation to their sanitation experiences, and agency is an integral domain of their empowerment.MethodsCognitive interviews related to sanitation and empowerment were conducted with women in three life stages in India to validate survey tools that measure urban sanitation and women's empowerment; this paper is a secondary thematic analysis of qualitative data generated from 11 cognitive interviews in Tiruchirappalli, India, that focus on agency, specifically the sub-domains of decision-making, leadership, collective action, and freedom of movement. Women had the freedom to move to and from sanitation facilities and initiatives, with no restrictions from household members.ResultsWe observed differences at the household and community levels with women voicing more confidence, as well as the responsibility, to make sanitation-related decisions in the household than at the community level. Women mentioned strong trust and belief in women's sanitation-related leadership capabilities and support for women-led sanitation initiatives. However, many did not hold leadership positions themselves due to various limitations, from gendered responsibilities to women's lack of self-confidence. Women also discussed anecdotes of collectively working with other women toward improving the local sanitation environment.DiscussionThis analysis highlights the value of strong trust and confidence among women in their ability to make important sanitation-related decisions at all levels of society. Maintaining and strengthening trust in female community members and highlighting women-led groups' achievements in the sanitation space should be prioritized. Community spaces must incorporate provisions that encourage women to share sanitation-related opinions in an environment that respects their engagement. WASH programming must engage with authority figures, leaders, and officials when seeking to increase women's agency and involvement with sanitation-related issues.
Genome-Wide Analysis of DREB Family Genes and Characterization of Cold Stress Responses in the Woody Plant Prunus nana
Authors: Qian Cheng , Li Lulu , Guo Huanhuan , Zhu Gaopu , Yang Ning , Tan Xiaoyan , Zhao Han 
Published: March 2023

Dehydration response element binding factor (DREB) is a family of plant-specific transcription factors, whose members participate in the regulation of plant responses to various abiotic stresses. Prunus nana, also known as the wild almond, is a member of the Rosaceae family that is rare and found to grow in the wild in China. These wild almond trees are found in hilly regions in northern Xinjiang, and exhibit greater drought and cold stress resistance than cultivated almond varieties. However, the response of P. nana DREBs (PnaDREBs) under low temperature stress is still unclear. In this study, 46 DREB genes were identified in the wild almond genome, with this number being slightly lower than that in the sweet almond (Prunus dulcis cultivar ‘Nonpareil’). These DREB genes in wild almond were separated into two classes. All PnaDREB genes were located on six chromosomes. PnaDREB proteins that were classified in the same groups contained specific shared motifs, and promoter analyses revealed that PnaDREB genes harbored a range of stress-responsive elements associated with drought, low-temperature stress, light responsivity, and hormone-responsive cis-regulatory elements within their promoter regions. MicroRNA target site prediction analyses also suggested that 79 miRNAs may regulate the expression of 40 of these PnaDREB genes, with PnaDREB2. To examine if these identified PnaDREB genes responded to low temperature stress, 15 of these genes were selected including seven homologous to Arabidopsis C-repeat binding factor (CBFs), and their expression was assessed following incubation for 2 h at 25 °C, 5 °C, 0 °C, −5 °C, or −10 °C. In summary, this analysis provides an overview of the P. nana PnaDREB gene family and provides a foundation for further studies of the ability of different PnaDREB genes to regulate cold stress responses in almond plants.
Ribosomal DNA Sequence-Based Taxonomy and Antimicrobial Activity of Prorocentrum spp. (Dinophyceae) from Mauritius Coastal Waters, South-West Indian Ocean
Authors: Mussai Prakash , Larsen Jacob , Alrefaei Abdulwahed Fahad , Jeewon Rajesh 
Published: March 2023

Microalgae are unicellular organisms and commonly present in the euphotic zone of marine ecosystems. From the western coast of Mauritius, three strains of Prorocentrum species were isolated from macrophytes and cultured under standard laboratory conditions. Morphologies were examined by light, fluorescence, and scanning electron microscopy, and phylogenetic analyses were based on partial large subunit LSU rDNA (D1-D2) and ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS) regions. Three Prorocentrum species, including the P. fukuyoi complex, P. rhathymum, and P. lima complex, were identified. The antimicrobial activities were assayed against potential human pathogenic bacterial strains. The highest zone of inhibition was recorded for intracellular and extracellular protein extracts of Prorocentrum rhathymum against Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The polysaccharide extracts of the Prorocentrum fukuyoi complex had a higher zone of inhibition (24 ± 0.4 mm) against MRSA at a minimum concentration of 0.625 μg/mL. The extracts from the three Prorocentrum species had different levels of activity against the pathogens used, and this can be of scientific interest in the search for antibiotics from natural marine sources.
PENGARUH LIKUIDITAS, PERPUTARAN PERSEDIAAN, PENJUALAN TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS PADA PT.OTO MULTIARTHA PERIODE 2014-2017
Authors: Merry Merry Rusida S 
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti pengaruh likuiditas, perputaran persediaan, dan penjualan terhadap profitabilitas pada PT. Oto Multiartha periode 2014-2017. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode pendekatan kuantitatif, jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif yang bersifat deduktif. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data laporan keuangan bulanan PT. Oto Multiartha pada tahun 2014–2017 dengan sampel sebanyak 48 data. Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi linier berganda dan uji asumsi klasik. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan secara simultan likuiditas, perputaran persediaan dan penjualan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas pada PT. Oto Multiartha periode 2014-2017 dengan hasil Fhitung = 5,971 > = Ftabel 2,82. Secara parsial likuiditas berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap profitabilitas dengan nilai -thitung < -ttabel atau -3,157 < -2,01537, perputaran persediaan tidak berpengaruh dan tidak signifikan terhadap profitabilitas dengan nilai thitung = 0,484 < ttable = 2,01537, penjualan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap profitabilitas dengan nilai thitung = 2,070 > ttable = 2,01537. Hasil analisis koefisien determinasi diperoleh dari nilai Adjusted R Square sebesar 0,241 artinya 24,1% dari variasi variabel profitabilitas yang dapat dijelaskan oleh variabel independen likuiditas, perputaran persediaan dan penjualan sedangkan sisanya 75,9% dijelaskan oleh variabel bebas lainnya.
The Effect of Product Differentiation and Brand Image on repurchase interest Scarlett Whitening Products (Case Study of Scarlett Body Lotion Products in the People of Pulau Rakyat Asahan Distric)
Authors: Siregar Dahrul 
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine "The Effect of Product Differentiation and Brand Image on repurchase interest Scarlett Whitening Products (Case Study of Scarlett Body Lotion Products in the People of Pulau Rakyat Asahan District)". two variables, where the variable is measured by a Likert scale. The population in this study were 366 people who were female with a sample of 191 respondents taken from part of the existing population. And by using the Slovin formula technique. Data processing was carried out using SPSS 24 software. The results of this study indicate that the Effect of Product Differentiation and Brand Image partially has a positive and significant effect on repurchase interest in Scarlett Whitening Products (Case Study of Scarlett Body Lotion Products in the People of Pulau Rakyat Asahan District). Product differentiation and brand image simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on repurchase interest in Scarlett Whitening Products (Case Study of Scarlett Body Lotion Products in the People of Pulau Rakyat Asahan District).
PENGARUH PENGEMBANGAN DESA WISATA TERHADAP PEREKONOMIAN MASYARAKAT DESA DI DESA RAYA, KECAMATAN BERASTAGI, KABUPATEN KARO
Authors: Nababan Wendi 
Published: March 2023

Tourism is one sector that can be developed in an area to create benefits for the community, especially economic benefits for local communities. Tourism management if properly prepared and implemented will have a positive impact on the community, on the other hand, if it is not managed properly it will create problems that are detrimental to the community. This research was conducted in the area of Desa Raya Tourism Village, Berastagi District, Karo Regency for local people with a sample of 93 people. The purpose of this study was to analyze how the influence of the development of a tourist village on the local community's economy in Raya Village, Karo Regency. The research used a quantitative descriptive approach with a purposive sampling technique.
The results of this study indicate a positive and significant influence on the development of the tourist village of Raya Village. The variables of tourism infrastructure, community participation, and natural resources together show a positive influence on improving the economy of local communities in Raya Village, Karo Regency.
Analisis Pengaruh Pariwisata Terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah Di Kabupaten Gresik
Authors: Ridho Dandi Muhammad 
Published: March 2023

Tourism is one of the activities that generates the biggest profits or dividends for a country or region. This can be seen from several sectors that have a major influence on local revenue. In this study the authors used quantitative data obtained from institutions related to this research. The variables used by this writer are the number of tourists, the number of hotels, the number of restaurants, and the total income of the tourism sector. The type of data used in this study is time series data in 2010-2017 in the Gresik Regency area and the authors use multiple linear analysis methods, classical assumption tests, and (t) or statistical tests. The results of research conducted by this writer can be concluded that the number of tourists, the number of hotels, the number of restaurants, and the total income of the tourism sector have a positive effect on regional original income in Gresik Regency. This causes researchers to encourage local governments and tourism object managers to continue to carry out promotions and improve the facilities and infrastructure sector in order to attract tourists and tourists to feel safe and comfortable.
Keywords : Number of Tourists, Number of Hotels, Number of Restaurants, Total Tourism Sector Revenue Regional Own Revenue
Faktor faktor yang mempengaruhi pemakaian alat kontrasepsi MKJP
Authors: Simanullang Andry , Ginting Rapael , Mulyati Febry , Ginting Tariana 
Published: March 2023

The achievement of the use of MKJP contraceptives looks low for the working area of the birth control hall in Tanjung Seumantoh Village, Aceh Tamiang Regency in 2021. Based on DPMKPPKB data, MKJP contraceptive users only 22 pus active out of a total of 281 registered acceptors. The percentage of user success is only 17.6%, dominated by IUDs of 8.1% and MOW only 7.6%. This study was conducted to find out the picture of factors that affect the use of MKJP contraceptives in the working area of the Karang Baru District Birth Control Center of Aceh Tamiang Regency in 2021 This type of qualitative research is descriptive with a cross sectional approach. The study population is the entire acceptor of PUS MKJP as many as 22 people with a sample number of 18 people. From the results of the study, it was found that among the three factors: age, education, and parity, each has a relationship with the use of MKJP in Tanjung Seumantoh Village. Based on the age factor, it was found that the older a person is, the greater the possibility of using MKJP as a contraceptive. This acquisition is supported by reasons such as: first, the number of children has been sufficient and secondly, the age that does not allow return to add children. Furthermore, the educational factor, the average middle education (SMP-SMA) or elementary school prefers MKJP as a contraceptive. And finally the parity factor, that the greater the number of children born, it will affect the choice of acceptors to use MKJP contraceptives. This occurs in the birth rate ≥ 3, which is 3, 4, 5 and 6. Therefore, the three factors of age, education, and parity can affect acceptors in using MKJP in the working area of tanjung Seumantoh Village Kb Hall, Aceh Tamiang Regency.