bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Durable multimodal and holistic response for physiologic closed-loop spinal cord stimulation supported by objective evidence from the EVOKE double-blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kapural Leonardo , Mekhail Nagy A , Costandi Shrif , Gilmore Christopher , Pope Jason E , Li Sean , Hunter Corey W , Poree Lawrence , Staats Peter S , Taylor Rod S , Eldabe Sam , Kallewaard Jan Willem , Thomson Simon , Petersen Erika A , Sayed Dawood , Deer Timothy R , Antony Ajay , Budwany Ryan , Leitner Angela , Soliday Nicole , Duarte Rui V , Levy Robert M 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionChronic pain patients may experience impairments in multiple health-related domains. The design and interpretation of clinical trials of chronic pain interventions, however, remains primarily focused on treatment effects on pain intensity. This study investigates a novel, multidimensional holistic treatment response to evoked compound action potential-controlled closed-loop versus open-loop spinal cord stimulation as well as the degree of neural activation that produced that treatment response.MethodsOutcome data for pain intensity, physical function, health-related quality of life, sleep quality and emotional function were derived from individual patient level data from the EVOKE multicenter, participant, investigator, and outcome assessor-blinded, parallel-arm randomized controlled trial with 24 month follow-up. Evaluation of holistic treatment response considered whether the baseline score was worse than normative values and whether minimal clinical important differences were reached in each of the domains that were impaired at baseline. A cumulative responder score was calculated to reflect the total minimal clinical important differences accumulated across all domains. Objective neurophysiological data, including spinal cord activation were measured.ResultsPatients were randomized to closed-loop (n=67) or open-loop (n=67). A greater proportion of patients with closed-loop spinal cord stimulation (49.3% vs 26.9%) were holistic responders at 24-month follow-up, with at least one minimal clinical important difference in all impaired domains (absolute risk difference: 22.4%, 95% CI 6.4% to 38.4%, p=0.012). The cumulative responder score was significantly greater for closed-loop patients at all time points and resulted in the achievement of more than three additional minimal clinical important differences at 24-month follow-up (mean difference 3.4, 95% CI 1.3 to 5.5, p=0.002). Neural activation was three times more accurate in closed-loop spinal cord stimulation (p<0.001 at all time points).ConclusionThe results of this study suggest that closed-loop spinal cord stimulation can provide sustained clinically meaningful improvements in multiple domains and provide holistic improvement in the long-term for patients with chronic refractory pain.Trial registration numberNCT02924129.
Unmet care needs of patients with advanced cancer and their relatives: multicentre observational study
Authors: Driessen Helen P A , Busschbach Jan J V , van der Rijt Carin C D , Elfrink Erna J , Raijmakers Natasja J H , van Roij Janneke , Rietjens Judith , Kranenburg Leonieke W 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesThe care needs of patients with advanced cancer and their relatives change throughout the disease trajectory. This study focused on the care-related problems and needs of patients with advanced cancer and their relatives. This was done from the perspective of centres for information and support.MethodsThis cross-sectional study used data from the eQuiPe study: an observational cohort study in which 40 Dutch hospitals participated. All adult patients with a diagnosis of a metastasised tumour and their relatives were eligible. Measures included information on the patients’ and relatives’ care problems and needs, assessed by the short version of the Problems and Needs in Palliative Care questionnaire. Socioeconomic demographics were also collected.Results1103 patients with advanced cancer and 831 relatives were included. Both patients (M=60.3, SD=29.0) and relatives (M=59.2, SD=26.6) experienced most problems in the domain of ‘psychological issues’. Both patients (M=14.0, SD=24.2) and relatives (M=17.7, SD=25.7) most frequently reported unmet needs within this domain. The most often reported unmet need by patients was ‘worrying about the future of my loved ones’ (22.0%); for relatives this was ‘fear for physical suffering of the patient’ (32.8%). There was no clear relationship between socioeconomic demographics and the experienced unmet needs.ConclusionsThe most often mentioned unmet needs consisted of fears and worries, followed by a broad range of topics within multiple domains. Centres for information and support may play a role in reducing the unmet needs of (potential) visitors as these centres provide support on a broad range of topics.
Growth of matter perturbations in some parametrization of dark energy models
Authors: Pooya N. Nazari 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this work, we investigate the growth of matter perturbations in some known parameterizations of dark energy (DE) models i.e, CPL, JBP, BA, and a new parameterization of DE introduced in this study. We examine the growth of perturbations in the linear region by assuming the possibility of perturbations in DE. Then, we follow an overall likelihood analysis to put the same constraints on models using background and growth rate data, and we conclude that the reviewed DE parameterizations are compatible with the observational data at both background and perturbation levels. Furthermore, we find that DE parameterizations are comparable with each other, and with the $$ \Lambda $$
Λ
CDM model. In particular, we obtain the following significant results: (i) the growth rate of matter perturbations in the homogeneous DE case is smaller than its value in the clustered case for CPL and BA models, while it is the opposite for JBP and the new model. (ii) The growth rate of matter perturbations related to the CPL and BA models have very similar behavior for both homogeneous and clustered DE cases at all redshift z. This is also true for JBP and the new model. (iii) We show that the growth rate of matter perturbations relevant to the models is lower than its value in the $$\Lambda $$
Λ
CDM model at low redshifts, and at high redshifts, the difference between them is insignificant. Finally, using AIC and BIC analysis, we conclude that the selection of a model that has better compatible with the observational data depends on the background and perturbation data.
Searches for new physics with boosted top quarks in the MadAnalysis 5 and Rivet frameworks
Authors: Araz Jack Y. , Buckley Andy , Fuks Benjamin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHigh-momentum top quarks are a natural physical system in collider experiments for testing models of new physics, and jet substructure methods are key both to exploiting their largest decay mode and to assuaging resolution difficulties as the boosted system becomes increasingly collimated in the detector. To be used in new-physics interpretation studies, it is crucial that related methods get implemented in analysis frameworks allowing for the reinterpretation of the results of the LHC such as MadAnalysis 5 and Rivet. We describe the implementation of the HEPTopTagger algorithm in these two frameworks, and we exemplify the usage of the resulting functionalities to explore the sensitivity of boosted top reconstruction performance to new physics contributions from the Standard Model Effective Field Theory. The results of this study lead to important conclusions about the implicit assumption of Standard-Model-like top quark decays in associated collider analyses, and for the prospects to constrain the Standard Model Effective Field Theory via kinematic observables built from boosted semi-leptonic $$t\bar{t}$$

t

t

¯

events selected using HEPTopTagger.
Risk of Adult Hypertension in Offspring From Pregnancies Complicated by Hypertension: Population-Based Estimates
Authors: Dines Virginia A. , Kattah Andrea G. , Weaver Amy L. , Vaughan Lisa E. , Chamberlain Alanna M. , Bielinski Suzette J. , Mielke Michelle M. , Garovic Vesna D. 
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND:
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) have been associated with an increased risk of chronic hypertension for both mothers and offspring. We sought to quantify the incidence of chronic hypertension in offspring from HDP-affected pregnancies in a large, population-based cohort study. Furthermore, we evaluate the association of HDP exposure in utero and maternal chronic hypertension in offspring.

METHODS:
We performed a population-based cohort study of 8755 individuals born during 1976 to 1982 to 7544 women who all resided in the same community at the time of delivery. HDP were identified using a previously validated algorithm. Diagnosis of chronic hypertension in mothers and their offspring was determined using diagnostic codes. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to assess the association between HDP and chronic hypertension.

RESULTS:
HDP exposure (hazard ratio, 1.50 [95% CI, 1.18–1.90]) and maternal chronic hypertension (hazard ratio, 1.73 [95% CI, 1.48–2.02]) were both associated with a significant increased risk for chronic hypertension in offspring. Both risk factors remained significantly associated with increased risk of hypertension in offspring when included together in a multivariate model. Having both exposures was associated with a 2.4-fold increase in the risk of hypertension in offspring, suggesting a synergistic additive interaction.

CONCLUSIONS:
HDP exposure in gestation and maternal hypertension are both independently associated with an increased risk of chronic hypertension in offspring. Our results suggest that HDP exposure in utero, in addition to maternal chronic hypertension, may lead to a greater risk for the development of hypertension in offspring.
Clinical Outcomes and Predictors of Long‐Term Survival in Patients With and Without Previously Known Extracardiac Sarcoidosis Using Machine Learning: A Swedish Multicenter Study
Authors: Bobbio Emanuele , Eldhagen Per , Polte Christian L. , Hjalmarsson Clara , Karason Kristjan , Rawshani Araz , Darlington Pernilla , Kullberg Susanna , Sörensson Peder , Bergh Niklas , Bollano Entela 
Published: July 2023

Background
Cardiac involvement can be an initial manifestation in sarcoidosis. However, little is known about the association between various clinical phenotypes of cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) and outcomes. We aimed to analyze the relation of different clinical manifestations with outcomes of CS and to investigate the relative importance of clinical features influencing overall survival.

Methods and Results

A retrospective cohort of 141 patients with CS enrolled at 2 Swedish university hospitals was studied. Presentation, imaging studies, and outcomes of de novo CS and previously known extracardiac sarcoidosis were compared. Survival free of primary composite outcome (ventricular arrhythmias, heart transplantation, or death) was assessed. Machine learning algorithm was used to study the relative importance of clinical features in predicting outcome. Sixty‐two patients with de novo CS and 79 with previously known extracardiac sarcoidosis were included. De novo CS showed more advanced New York Heart Association class (
P
=0.02), higher circulating levels of NT‐proBNP (N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide) (
P
<0.001), and troponins (
P
<0.001), as well as a higher prevalence of right ventricular dysfunction (
P
<0.001). During a median (interquartile range) follow‐up of 61 (44–77) months, event‐free survival was shorter in patients with de novo CS (
P
<0.001). The top 5 features predicting worse event‐free survival in order of importance were as follows: impaired tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, de novo CS, reduced right ventricular ejection fraction, absence of β‐blockers, and lower left ventricular ejection fraction.

Conclusions
Patients with de novo CS displayed more severe disease and worse outcomes compared with patients with previously known extracardiac sarcoidosis. Using machine learning, right ventricular dysfunction and de novo CS stand out as strong overall predictors of impaired survival.
Causes and Predictors of 30‐Day Readmission in Patients With COVID‐19 and ST‐Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction in the United States: A Nationwide Readmission Database Analysis
Authors: Patel Kunal N. , Majmundar Monil , Khawaja Tasveer , Doshi Rajkumar , Kaur Avleen , Mehta Harsh , Gupta Kamal 
Published: July 2023

Background
Rates, causes, and predictors of readmission in patients with ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) during COVID‐19 pandemic are unknown.

Methods and Results

All hospitalizations for STEMI were selected from the US Nationwide Readmissions Database 2020 and were stratified by the presence of COVID‐19. Primary outcome was 30‐day readmission. Multivariable hierarchical generalized logistic regression analysis was performed to compare 30‐day readmission between patients with STEMI with and without COVID‐19 and to identify the predictors of 30‐day readmissions in patients with STEMI and COVID‐19. The rate of 30‐day all‐cause readmission was 11.4% in patients with STEMI who had COVID‐19 and 10.6% in those without COVID‐19, with the adjusted odds ratio (OR) not being significantly different between the two groups (OR, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.73–1.07],
P
=0.200). Of all 30‐day readmissions in patients with STEMI and COVID‐19, 41% were for cardiac causes. Among the cardiac causes, 56% were secondary to acute coronary syndrome, while among the noncardiac causes, infections were the most prevalent. Among the causes of 30‐day readmissions, infectious causes were significantly higher for patients with STEMI who had COVID‐19 compared with those without COVID‐19 (29.9% versus 11.3%,
P
=0.001). In a multivariable model, congestive heart failure, chronic kidney disease, low median household income, and length of stay ≥5 days were found to be associated with an increased risk of 30‐day readmission.

Conclusions
Post‐STEMI, 30‐day readmission rates were similar between patients with and without COVID‐19. Cardiac causes were the most common causes for 30‐day readmissions, and infections were the most prevalent noncardiac causes.
Unraveling Mechanisms of Cryptogenic Stroke at the Genetic Level: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Ernst Johanna , Ehrenreich Hannelore , Weissenborn Karin , Grosse Gerrit M. 
Published: July 2023

Background
A substantial proportion of ischemic strokes remain cryptogenic, which has important implications for secondary prevention. Identifying genetic variants related to mechanisms of stroke causes may provide a chance to clarify the actual causes of cryptogenic strokes.

Methods and Results
In a 2‐step process, 2 investigators independently and systematically screened studies that reported genetic variants in regard to stroke causes that were published between January 1991 and April 2021. Studies on monogenetic disorders, investigation of vascular risk factors as the primary end point, reviews, meta‐analyses, and studies not written in English were excluded. We extracted information on study types, ancestries, corresponding single nucleotide polymorphisms, and sample and effect sizes. There were 937 studies screened, and 233 were eligible. We identified 35 single nucleotide polymorphisms and allele variants that were associated with an overlap between cryptogenic strokes and another defined cause.

Conclusions
Associations of single variants with an overlap between cryptogenic stroke and another defined cause were limited to a few polymorphisms. A limitation of all studies is a low granularity of clinical data, which is of major importance in a complex disease such as stroke. Deep phenotyping is in supposed contradiction with large sample sizes but needed for genome‐wide analyses. Future studies should attempt to address this restriction to advance the promising approach of elucidating the cause of stroke at the genetic level. Especially in a highly heterogenous disease such as ischemic stroke, genetics are promising to establish a personalized approach in diagnostics and treatment in the sense of precision medicine.
Cardiovascular Disease Burden and Major Adverse Cardiac Events in Young Black Patients: A National Analysis of 2 Cohorts 10 Years Apart (2017 Versus 2007)
Authors: Vyas Ankit , Desai Rupak , Went Terry Ricardo , Wiltshire Dwayne , Priyadarshni Shivani , Shalaby Mostafa , Khalife Wissam 
Published: July 2023

Background
We aim to compare the burden of cardiovascular disease risk factors and major adverse cardiac events and in‐hospital outcomes among young Black patients (aged 18–44 years) hospitalized in 2007 and 2017 using data obtained from the National Inpatient Sample database.

Method and Results

Comparison of the sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, and inpatient outcomes, including major adverse cardiac events (all‐cause mortality, acute myocardial infarction, cardiogenic shock, cardiac arrest, ventricular fibrillation/flutter, pulmonary embolism, and coronary intervention), between 2017 and 2007 was performed. Multivariable analyses were performed, controlling for potential covariates. A total of 2 922 743 (mean age, 31 years; 70.3% women) admissions among young Black individuals were studied (1 341 068 in 2007 and 1 581 675 in 2017). The 2017 cohort had a younger population (mean, 30 versus 31 years;
P
<0.001), more male patients (30.4% versus 28.8%;
P
<0.001), and patients with higher nonelective admissions (76.8% versus 75%;
P
<0.001), and showed an increasing burden of traditional cardiometabolic comorbidities, congestive heart failure, chronic pulmonary disease, coagulopathy, depression, along with notable reductions in alcohol abuse and drug abuse, compared with the 2007 cohort. The adjusted multivariable analysis showed worsening in‐hospital outcomes, including major adverse cardiac events (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.21), acute myocardial infarction (aOR, 1.34), cardiogenic shock (aOR, 3.12), atrial fibrillation/flutter (aOR, 1.34), ventricular fibrillation/flutter (aOR, 1.32), cardiac arrest (aOR, 2.55), pulmonary embolism (aOR, 1.89), and stroke (aOR, 1.53). The 2017 cohort showed a decreased rate of percutaneous coronary intervention/coronary artery bypass grafting and all‐cause mortality versus the 2007 cohort (
P
<0.001).

Conclusions
In conclusion, young Black patients have had an increasing burden of cardiovascular disease risk factors and worsened in‐hospital outcomes, including major adverse cardiac events and stroke, in the past decade, although with improved survival odds.
Whole‐Body Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of the Contributions of Adipose and Nonadipose Tissues to Cardiovascular Remodeling in Adolescents
Authors: Hauser Jakob A. , Burden Samuel J. , Karunakaran Ajanthiha , Muthurangu Vivek , Taylor Andrew M. , Jones Alexander 
Published: July 2023

Background
Greater body mass index is associated with cardiovascular remodeling in adolescents. However, body mass index cannot differentiate between adipose and nonadipose tissues. We examined how visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue are linked with markers of early cardiovascular remodeling, independently from nonadipose tissue.

Methods and Results

Whole‐body magnetic resonance imaging was done in 82 adolescents (39 overweight/obese; 36 female; median age, 16.3 [interquartile range, 14.4–18.1] years) to measure body composition and cardiovascular remodeling markers. Left ventricular diastolic function was assessed by echocardiography. Waist, waist:height ratio, and body mass index
z
scores were calculated. Residualized nonadipose tissue, subcutaneous adipose tissue, and visceral adipose tissue variables, uncorrelated with each other, were constructed using partial regression modeling to allow comparison of their individual contributions in a 3‐compartment body composition model. Cardiovascular variables mostly related to nonadipose rather than adipose tissue. Nonadipose tissue was correlated positively with left ventricular mass (
r
=0.81), end‐diastolic volume (
r
=0.70), stroke volume (
r
=0.64), left ventricular mass:end‐diastolic volume (
r
=0.37), and systolic blood pressure (
r
=0.35), and negatively with heart rate (
r
=−0.33) (all
P
<0.01). Subcutaneous adipose tissue was associated with worse left ventricular diastolic function (
r
=−0.42 to −0.48,
P
=0.0007–0.02) and higher heart rates (
r
=0.34,
P
=0.007) but linked with better systemic vascular resistance (
r
=−0.35,
P
=0.006). There were no significant relationships with visceral adipose tissue and no associations of any compartment with pulse wave velocity.

Conclusions
Simple anthropometry does not reflect independent effects of nonadipose tissue and subcutaneous adipose tissue on the adolescent cardiovascular system. This could result in normal cardiovascular adaptations to growth being misinterpreted as pathological sequelae of excess adiposity in studies reliant on such measures.
Israeli Oncocyclus irises: Phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history
Authors: Volis Sergei , Zhang Yong-Hong , Deng Tao , Yusupov Ziyoviddin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Oncocyclus is a large group of bearded irises with poorly known phylogeny and evolutionary history. In Israel, Iris sect. Oncocyclus comprises eight species belonging to three aggregates. We used a combination of approaches to resolve the phylogenetic relationships of these species and indicate the evolutionary forces responsible for their origin. We sequenced the whole chloroplast genomes of species and integrated a phylogenetic tree with results of genetic (AFLP) divergence, degree of reproductive isolation, and species distribution modeling. Our findings suggest that quantitative and even qualitative morphological characters, such as flower color, are unreliable diagnostic traits for Oncocyclus taxonomy; that some recognized species comprise more than one species; and that group evolution did not involve the origin of distinct flower aggregates. A lack of pre-zygotic reproductive isolation agrees with the very low variability of the Oncocyclus plastome, suggesting that Israeli Oncocyclus species are very young. Homoploid hybridization followed or preceded by long periods of geographic isolation, and local selection likely contributed to speciation in Oncocyclus. In the group evolutionary history, importance of homoploid hybridization and local selection differed among species, but limited gene flow played a crucial role for all species.