bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine on poststroke depression in animal models: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Li , Huo Bixiu , Wang Yuan , Wang Yao , Gong Ying , Zhang Yun , Liu Tingting , Sha Guiming , Zheng Tianru 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundPoststroke depression (PSD) is a common complication that can seriously affect patients' functional recovery and quality of life after a stroke. Various side effects have been found to be associated with the pharmacological therapies used for PSD. Studies have shown that Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) can effectively improve PSD-like behavior and neurological function in clinical and animal studies. The efficacy of CHM on PSD in animal models has not been systematically analyzed.MethodsThe following electronic databases were searched for articles published up to September 2022: PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and Embase. Studies that reported the efficacy of CHM in animals with PSD and were written in English were included. Depression-like behavior and the neurological deficit score were assessed as measures of efficacy. The included studies assessed depression-like behavior using sucrose preference, open-field, forced swimming, and tail suspension tests, as well as body weight. The Review Manager version 5.4 and STATA version 13.1 software packages were used for the meta-analysis. The standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals was used to assess all the outcomes. Subgroup analyses were performed to explore the sources of heterogeneity. The Egger's test and funnel plots were used to assess the potential publication bias. Sensitivity analyses were used to identify the stability of the results.ResultsA total of 14 studies, including 12 CHMs involving 442 rats, fulfilled the inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. The pooled results showed that CHM significantly alleviated neurological deficits (−1.72 SMD, −2.47– −0.97) and was efficacious in improving the depression-like behavior of rats in the sucrose preference (2.08 SMD, 1.33–2.84), open-field (2.85 SMD, 1.88–3.83), forced swimming (−1.83 SMD, −2.23−1.44), and tail suspension tests (−1.35 SMD, −1.94−0.76).ConclusionOur results suggest that CHM could significantly improve depression-like behavior and neurological function in animals with PSD. The current results should be interpreted with caution because only animal studies were included.
Diagnosis of comorbid migraine without aura in patients with idiopathic/genetic epilepsy based on the gray zone approach to the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3 criteria
Authors: Atalar Arife Çimen , Özge Aynur , Türk Bengi Gül , Ekizoğlu Esme , Kurt Gök Duygu , Baykan Betül , Ayta Semih , Erdoğan Füsun Ferda , Yeni Seher Naz , Taşdelen Bahar ,   IDEM Study Group, Velioğlu Sibel K. 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundMigraine without aura (MwoA) is a very frequent and remarkable comorbidity in patients with idiopathic/genetic epilepsy (I/GE). Frequently in clinical practice, diagnosis of MwoA may be challenging despite the guidance of current diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3 (ICHD-3). In this study, we aimed to disclose the diagnostic gaps in the diagnosis of comorbid MwoA, using a zone concept, in patients with I/GEs with headaches who were diagnosed by an experienced headache expert.MethodsIn this multicenter study including 809 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of I/GE with or without headache, 163 patients who were diagnosed by an experienced headache expert as having a comorbid MwoA were reevaluated. Eligible patients were divided into three subgroups, namely, full diagnosis, zone I, and zone II according to their status of fulfilling the ICHD-3 criteria. A Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis was performed to bring out the meaningful predictors when evaluating patients with I/GEs for MwoA comorbidity, using the variables that were significant in the univariate analysis.ResultsLonger headache duration (&lt;4 h) followed by throbbing pain, higher visual analog scale (VAS) scores, increase of pain by physical activity, nausea/vomiting, and photophobia and/or phonophobia are the main distinguishing clinical characteristics of comorbid MwoA in patients with I/GE, for being classified in the full diagnosis group. Despite being not a part of the main ICHD-3 criteria, the presence of associated symptoms mainly osmophobia and also vertigo/dizziness had the distinguishing capability of being classified into zone subgroups. The most common epilepsy syndromes fulfilling full diagnosis criteria (n = 62) in the CART analysis were 48.39% Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy followed by 25.81% epilepsy with generalized tonic-clonic seizures alone.ConclusionLonger headache duration, throbbing pain, increase of pain by physical activity, photophobia and/or phonophobia, presence of vertigo/dizziness, osmophobia, and higher VAS scores are the main supportive associated factors when applying the ICHD-3 criteria for the comorbid MwoA diagnosis in patients with I/GEs. Evaluating these characteristics could be helpful to close the diagnostic gaps in everyday clinical practice and fasten the diagnostic process of comorbid MwoA in patients with I/GEs.
Systems-level decoding reveals the cognitive and behavioral profile of the human intraparietal sulcus
Authors: Boeken Ole Jonas , Markett Sebastian 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionThe human intraparietal sulcus (IPS) covers large portions of the posterior cortical surface and has been implicated in a variety of cognitive functions. It is, however, unclear how cognitive functions dissociate between the IPS's heterogeneous subdivisions, particularly in perspective to their connectivity profile.MethodsWe applied a neuroinformatics driven system-level decoding on three cytoarchitectural distinct subdivisions (hIP1, hIP2, hIP3) per hemisphere, with the aim to disentangle the cognitive profile of the IPS in conjunction with functionally connected cortical regions.ResultsThe system-level decoding revealed nine functional systems based on meta-analytical associations of IPS subdivisions and their cortical coactivations: Two systems–working memory and numeric cognition–which are centered on all IPS subdivisions, and seven systems–attention, language, grasping, recognition memory, rotation, detection of motions/shapes and navigation–with varying degrees of dissociation across subdivisions and hemispheres. By probing the spatial overlap between systems-level co-activations of the IPS and seven canonical intrinsic resting state networks, we observed a trend toward more co-activation between hIP1 and the front parietal network, between hIP2 and hIP3 and the dorsal attention network, and between hIP3 and the visual and somatomotor network.DiscussionOur results confirm previous findings on the IPS's role in cognition but also point to previously unknown differentiation along the IPS, which present viable starting points for future work. We also present the systems-level decoding as promising approach toward functional decoding of the human connectome.
An RBF neural network based on improved black widow optimization algorithm for classification and regression problems
Authors: Liu Hui , Zhou Guo , Zhou Yongquan , Huang Huajuan , Wei Xiuxi 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionRegression and classification are two of the most fundamental and significant areas of machine learning.MethodsIn this paper, a radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) based on an improved black widow optimization algorithm (IBWO) has been developed, which is called the IBWO-RBF model. In order to enhance the generalization ability of the IBWO-RBF neural network, the algorithm is designed with nonlinear time-varying inertia weight.DiscussionSeveral classification and regression problems are utilized to verify the performance of the IBWO-RBF model. In the first stage, the proposed model is applied to UCI dataset classification, nonlinear function approximation, and nonlinear system identification; in the second stage, the model solves the practical problem of power load prediction.ResultsCompared with other existing models, the experiments show that the proposed IBWO-RBF model achieves both accuracy and parsimony in various classification and regression problems.
Disturbed relationship between glucocorticoid receptor and 5-HT1AR/5-HT2AR in ADHD rats: A correlation study
Authors: Lin Xiaoxia , Huang Liang , Huang Huifang , Ke Zhongling , Chen Yanhui 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveThis work is to investigate the alterations of the central 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) system in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and the correlation with the behaviors of SHR, and to explore the effects of glucocorticoid intervention on the central 5-HT system and SHR behaviors.Materials and methodsThree weeks old SHR were chosen as the attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) model and treated with glucocorticoid receptor (GR) agonist or inhibitor, whereas Wista Kyoto rats (WKY) were chosen as the normal control group. Open-field test and Làt maze test were used to evaluate the spontaneous activities and non-selective attention. The levels of 5-HT in the extracellular fluid specimens of the prefrontal cortex of rats were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The expressions of GR, 5-HT1A receptor (5-HT1AR), and 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR) in the prefrontal cortex were analyzed through immunohistochemistry.ResultsOur study demonstrated that the 5-HT level was lower in the prefrontal cortex of SHR compared to that of WKY. The Open-field test and Làt maze test showed that GR agonist (dexamethasone, DEX) intervention ameliorated attention deficit and hyperactive behavior, whereas GR inhibitor (RU486) aggravated the disorders. With DEX, the expression levels of 5-HT and 5-HT2AR in the prefrontal cortex of SHR were significantly higher than those in the control group, whereas the expression level of 5-HT1AR was lower. However, the expression levels of 5-HT and 5-HT2AR were significantly decreased after the intervention with RU486, while the expression level of 5-HT1AR increased. Results showed that glucocorticoid was negatively correlated with 5-HT1AR and positively correlated with 5-HT2AR.ConclusionIn the prefrontal cortex of ADHD rats, the down-regulation of 5-HT and 5-HT2AR expressions and the up-regulation of 5-HT1AR, compared with WYK rats, suggested a dysfunctional central 5-HT system in ADHD rats. The GR agonist can upregulate the expression of 5-HT and 5-HT2AR and downregulate the expression of 5-HT1AR in the prefrontal cortex of SHR as well as reduce the hyperactivity and attention deficit behavior in SHR, while the opposite was true for the GR inhibitor. It is suggested that the dysfunction of the 5-HT system in ADHD rats is closely related to glucocorticoid receptor activity.
Bibliometric and visual analysis of cerebral revascularization from 1999 to 2022
Authors: Zhang Ding , Li Xiaoqian , Jia Ni , Chen Wei , Hu Yueqiang 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundCerebral revascularization is a neurosurgical procedure used to restore the cerebral collateral circulation channel. This study examines the countries, institutions, authors, journals, keywords, and references related to the disease in the field of cerebral revascularization from 1999 to 2022 from a bibliometrics perspective, evaluates the changes of knowledge structure clustering and identifies the new hot spots and new research directions in this field.MethodsThe Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) database and the PICOS retrieval method were used to conduct a comprehensive search for articles and reviews pertaining to cerebral revascularization. The final filtered data were bibliometrically and visually drawn using Microsoft office 365, CiteSpace (v.6.1.R2), and VOSviewer (v.1.6.18).ResultsFrom 1999 to 2022, a total of 854 articles pertaining to cerebral revascularization, which originated from 46 nations, 482 institutions, and 686 researchers, were extracted from the WOSCC database, and the number of publications in this field of study was rising. The United States held the highest proportion in the ranking analysis of countries, institutions, authors, and journals. By analyzing co-citations, the scientific organization of this field and the development status of frontier fields were realized. Cerebral revascularization, moyamoya disease, extracranial intracranial bypass, and occlusion are the current research focal points in the field of cerebral revascularization. Hyperperfusion and vascular disorder may also become a new study focus in this discipline in the near future.ConclusionUsing the method of bibliometrics, this study analyzed and reviewed the articles in the field of cerebral revascularization, which enabled scholars to better comprehend the dynamic process in this field and provided a foundation for future in-depth research.
Dendritic spine loss deep in the neocortex and dendrite distortion with diffusion disturbances occur early in experimental pneumococcal meningitis
Authors: Baronti Dario , Tomov Nikola , Hupp Sabrina , Mitchell Timothy J. , Iliev Asparouh I. 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionStreptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) meningitis is a serious disease with substantial lethality and long-term disability in survivors. Loss of synaptic staining in the superficial layers of the neocortex in rodent models and in humans, and pneumolysin (a major pneumococcal toxin)-dependent dendritic spine collapse in brain slices have been described. It remains unclear how deep in the neocortex more discrete changes are present, how soon after disease onset these changes occur, and whether other properties of dendrites are also affected.MethodsUsing a mouse model of pneumococcal meningitis, we studied changes in the neocortex shortly (3–6 h) after the onset of clinical symptoms via modified Golgi-Cox silver staining.ResultsDendritic changes were present in areas with otherwise unchanged cell numbers and no signs of necrosis or other apparent neuronal pathology. Mature dendritic spines were reduced in the pyramidal neurons running through layers 1–5. Additionally, spine morphology changes (swelling, spine neck distortion), were also observed in the deeper layers 4 and 5 of the neocortex. Immature spines (filopodia) remained unchanged between groups, as well as the dendritic arborization of the analyzed neurons. In a third of the animals with meningitis, massive mechanical distortion of the primary dendrites of most of the pyramidal neurons through layers 1–5 was observed. This distortion was reproduced in acute brain slices after exposure to pneumolysin-containing bacterial lysates (S. pneumoniae D39 strain), but not to lysates of pneumolysin-deficient bacteria, which we explain by the tissue remodeling effect of the toxin. Experimental mechanical dendrite distortion in primary neural cultures demonstrated diminished FRAP diffusion of neuronally-expressed enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP), indicative of disturbed dendritic diffusion.DiscussionOur work extends earlier knowledge of synaptic loss in the superficial cortical layers during meningitis to deeper layers. These changes occurred surprisingly early in the course of the disease, substantially limiting the effective therapeutic window. Methodologically, we demonstrate that the dendritic spine collapse readout is a highly reliable and early marker of neural damage in pneumococcal meningitis models, allowing for reduction of the total number of animals used per a group due to much lower variation among animals.
Chemokine-like factor-like MARVEL transmembrane domain containing 6: Bioinformatics and experiments in vitro analyze in glioblastoma multiforme
Authors: Meng Haining , Li Shaohua , Li Qingshu , Wang Yuqin , Wang Guoan , Qu Yan 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionChemokine-like factor (CKLF)-like MARVEL transmembrane domain containing 6 (CMTM6) is a protein localized to the cell membrane and is known for its ability to co-localize with PD-L1 on the plasma membrane, prevent PD-L1 degradation, and maintain PD-L1 expression on the cell membrane. CMTM6 is highly expressed and plays an important role in various tumors such as oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and colorectal cancer (CRC), however, its role in Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is unclear.MethodsIn this paper, to investigate the role of CMTM6 in GBM, we analyzed the expression of CMTM6 in GBM, the interaction with CMTM6 and the associated genes by bioinformatics. Importantly, we analyzed the expression of CMTM6 in GBM in relation to tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), immunoinhibitors, immunostimulators, chemokines and chemokine receptors. We further analyzed the function of CMTM6 and performed in vitro experiments to verify it. Finally, the sensitivity of CMTM6 to drugs was also analyzed and the relationship between CMTM6 and the anticancer drug Piperlonguminine (PL) was verified in vitro.ResultsThe results showed that CMTM6 was highly expressed in GBM and correlated with multiple genes. Furthermore, CMTM6 is closely related to the immune microenvironment and inflammatory response in GBM. Bioinformatic analysis of CMTM6 correlated with the function of GBM, and our experiments demonstrated that CMTM6 significantly promoted the migration of GBM cells and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), but had no significant effect on other functions. Interestingly, we found that in GBM, PL promotes the expression of CMTM6.DiscussionIn this paper, we have performed a detailed analysis and validation of the role of CMTM6 in GBM using bioinformatics analysis and in vitro experiments to demonstrate that CMTM6 may be a potential target for glioma therapy.
Circulating exosomal microRNA profiles in migraine patients receiving acupuncture treatment: A placebo-controlled clinical trial
Authors: Liu Lu , Qi Wenchuan , Wang Yanan , Ni Xixiu , Gao Shan , Zhou Ziyang , Chen Daohong , He Zhenxi , Sun Mingsheng , Wang Ziwen , Cai Dingjun , Zhao Ling 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundAcupuncture has a long history of being used in Chinese medicine for the treatment of migraine. However, molecular biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of migraine and its treatment are lacking. This study aimed to explore whether acupuncture could regulate differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs between patients with migraine without aura (MWoA) and healthy controls (HCs) and to identify diagnostic biomarkers that helped differentiate MWoA patients from HCs and identify prognostic biomarkers that helped to predict the effect of acupuncture.MethodsHere, we isolated serum exosomes from patients with MWoA and HCs before and after true and sham acupuncture treatment. Then, small RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were performed to screen out key miRNAs specifically responding to acupuncture treatment. Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between miRNAs and clinical phenotypes. Finally, we applied a machine learning method to identify diagnostic biomarkers of MWoA patients and identify prognostic biomarkers that helped to predict the effect of acupuncture.ResultsSmall RNA sequencing identified 68 upregulated and 104 downregulated miRNAs in MWoA patients compared to those in HCs. Further, we identified eight upregulated and four downregulated miRNAs in migraine patients after true acupuncture treatment (trAMWoA), but not in the sham acupuncture treatment (shAMWoA) or HC group. Among them, hsa-miR-378a-5p was positively correlated with time unable to work, study, or do housework due to migraine (p &lt; 0.05), whereas hsa-miR-605-3p was negatively correlated with the restrictive subscale of the migraine-specific quality of life questionnaire (MSQ) (p &lt; 0.05). We then evaluated the diagnostic and prognostic potential of these 12 miRNAs in patients with MWoA. The combination of serum levels of exosomal hsa-miR-369-5p, hsa-miR-145-5p, and hsa-miR-5,010-3p could serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for MWoA patients following acupuncture treatment.ConclusionThis is the first study on the serum exosomal miRNA profiles of migraineurs before and after acupuncture treatment. Our results improve our understanding of the molecular functions of miRNAs in MWoA. More importantly, they expand our view of evaluating the clinical outcomes of migraine patients treated with acupuncture, using exosomal RNA markers.Clinical Trial RegistrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2000034417, July 2020.
Simiao Wan and its ingredients alleviate type 2 diabetes mellitus via IRS1/AKT2/FOXO1/GLUT2 signaling
Authors: Xia Ting , Xu Wen-Jie , Hu Yan-Nan , Luo Zhen-Ye , He Wen , Liu Chang-Shun , Tan Xiao-Mei 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease. Simiao Wan (SMW) is a commonly used clinical drug for hyperuricemia treatment. SMW has been confirmed to improve insulin resistance and is expected to be a novel hypoglycemic agent. However, the hypoglycemic bioactive ingredients and mechanisms of action of SMW are unclear.ObjectiveTo explore the hypoglycemic effects and reveal the mechanisms of SMW and bioactive ingredients (SMW-BI).Study design and methodsThe hypoglycemic effects of SMW and SMW-BI were verified in a mouse model of T2DM induced by streptozotocin (STZ) and a high-fat and high-sugar diet (HFSD). Network pharmacology was used to predict the mechanisms of SMW and SMW-BI. Histological analysis and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) verified network pharmacology results. RT-qPCR results were further verified by immunofluorescence (IFC) and molecular docking. The correlation between proteins and biochemical indicators was analyzed by Spearman’s correlation.ResultsChlorogenic acid, phellodendrine, magnoflorine, jateorhizine, palmatine, berberine, and atractydin were identified as SMW-BI. After 8 weeks of treatment, SMW and SMW-BI decreased the levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerols (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), increased the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), alleviated weight loss, and increased serum insulin levels in T2DM mice. In addition, SMW and SMW-BI improved hepatocyte morphology in T2DM mice, decreased the number of adipocytes, and increased liver glycogen. Network pharmacological analysis indicated that SMW and SMW-BI may exert hypoglycemic by regulating insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1)/RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT2)/forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1)/glucose transporter type 2 (GLUT2) signaling. Moreover, correlation analysis showed that SMW and SMW-BI were associated with activation of IRS1, AKT2, and GLUT2, and inhibiting FOXO1. RT-qPCR revealed that SMW and SMW-BI could increase levels of IRS1, AKT2, and GLUT2 in the livers of T2DM mice and lower the level of FOXO1. Furthermore, immunofluorescence analysis showed that FOXO1 expression in the livers of T2DM mice decreased after oral administration of SMW and SMW-BI. Furthermore, molecular docking showed that SMW-BI could bind directly to IRS1 and AKT2.ConclusionSMW and SMW-BI are potential hypoglycemic drugs that alleviate T2DM by regulating IRS1/AKT2/FOXO1 signaling. Our study provides a research idea for screening the bioactive ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).