bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Saliency-Enhanced Content-Based Image Retrieval for Diagnosis Support in Dermatology Consultation: Reader Study
Authors: Gassner Mathias , Barranco Garcia Javier , Tanadini-Lang Stephanie , Bertoldo Fabio , Fröhlich Fabienne , Guckenberger Matthias , Haueis Silvia , Pelzer Christin , Reyes Mauricio , Schmithausen Patrick , Simic Dario , Staeger Ramon , Verardi Fabio , Andratschke Nicolaus , Adelmann Andreas , Braun Ralph P 
Published: August 2023

Background
Previous research studies have demonstrated that medical content image retrieval can play an important role by assisting dermatologists in skin lesion diagnosis. However, current state-of-the-art approaches have not been adopted in routine consultation, partly due to the lack of interpretability limiting trust by clinical users.

Objective
This study developed a new image retrieval architecture for polarized or dermoscopic imaging guided by interpretable saliency maps. This approach provides better feature extraction, leading to better quantitative retrieval performance as well as providing interpretability for an eventual real-world implementation.

Methods
Content-based image retrieval (CBIR) algorithms rely on the comparison of image features embedded by convolutional neural network (CNN) against a labeled data set. Saliency maps are computer vision–interpretable methods that highlight the most relevant regions for the prediction made by a neural network. By introducing a fine-tuning stage that includes saliency maps to guide feature extraction, the accuracy of image retrieval is optimized. We refer to this approach as saliency-enhanced CBIR (SE-CBIR). A reader study was designed at the University Hospital Zurich Dermatology Clinic to evaluate SE-CBIR’s retrieval accuracy as well as the impact of the participant’s confidence on the diagnosis.

Results
SE-CBIR improved the retrieval accuracy by 7% (77% vs 84%) when doing single-lesion retrieval against traditional CBIR. The reader study showed an overall increase in classification accuracy of 22% (62% vs 84%) when the participant is provided with SE-CBIR retrieved images. In addition, the overall confidence in the lesion’s diagnosis increased by 24%. Finally, the use of SE-CBIR as a support tool helped the participants reduce the number of nonmelanoma lesions previously diagnosed as melanoma (overdiagnosis) by 53%.

Conclusions
SE-CBIR presents better retrieval accuracy compared to traditional CBIR CNN-based approaches. Furthermore, we have shown how these support tools can help dermatologists and residents improve diagnosis accuracy and confidence. Additionally, by introducing interpretable methods, we should expect increased acceptance and use of these tools in routine consultation.
Identification and Prediction of Clinical Phenotypes in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19: Machine Learning From Medical Records
Authors: Velez Tom , Wang Tony , Garibaldi Brian , Singman Eric , Koutroulis Ioannis 
Published: August 2023

Background
There is significant heterogeneity in disease progression among hospitalized patients with COVID-19. The pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is attributed to a complex interplay between virus and host immune response that in some patients unpredictably and rapidly leads to “hyperinflammation” associated with increased risk of mortality. The early identification of patients at risk of progression to hyperinflammation may help inform timely therapeutic decisions and lead to improved outcomes.

Objective
The primary objective of this study was to use machine learning to reproducibly identify specific risk-stratifying clinical phenotypes across hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and compare treatment response characteristics and outcomes. A secondary objective was to derive a predictive phenotype classification model using routinely available early encounter data that may be useful in informing optimal COVID-19 bedside clinical management.

Methods
This was a retrospective analysis of electronic health record data of adult patients (N=4379) who were admitted to a Johns Hopkins Health System hospital for COVID-19 treatment from 2020 to 2021. Phenotypes were identified by clustering 38 routine clinical observations recorded during inpatient care. To examine the reproducibility and validity of the derived phenotypes, patient data were randomly divided into 2 cohorts, and clustering analysis was performed independently for each cohort. A predictive phenotype classifier using the gradient-boosting machine method was derived using routine clinical observations recorded during the first 6 hours following admission.

Results
A total of 2 phenotypes (designated as phenotype 1 and phenotype 2) were identified in patients admitted for COVID-19 in both the training and validation cohorts with similar distributions of features, correlations with biomarkers, treatments, comorbidities, and outcomes. In both the training and validation cohorts, phenotype-2 patients were older; had elevated markers of inflammation; and were at an increased risk of requiring intensive care unit–level care, developing sepsis, and mortality compared with phenotype-1 patients. The gradient-boosting machine phenotype prediction model yielded an area under the curve of 0.89 and a positive predictive value of 0.83.

Conclusions
Using machine learning clustering, we identified and internally validated 2 clinical COVID-19 phenotypes with distinct treatment or response characteristics consistent with similar 2-phenotype models derived from other hospitalized populations with COVID-19, supporting the reliability and generalizability of these findings. COVID-19 phenotypes can be accurately identified using machine learning models based on readily available early encounter clinical data. A phenotype prediction model based on early encounter data may be clinically useful for timely bedside risk stratification and treatment personalization.
Moderating Effect of eHealth Literacy on the Associations of Coronaphobia With Loneliness, Irritability, Depression, and Stigma in Chinese Young Adults: Bayesian Structural Equation Model Study
Authors: Xu Richard Huan , Chan Ho Hin , Shi Lushaobo , Li Ting , Wang Dong 
Published: August 2023

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increase in known risk factors for mental health problems. Although medical information available through the internet and smartphones has greatly expanded, people’s ability to seek, eschew, and use reliable web-based medical information and services to promote their mental health remains unknown.

Objective
This study aims to explore the associations between coronaphobia and 4 frequently reported mental health problems, loneliness, irritability, depression, and stigma, during the COVID-19 pandemic and to assess the moderating effects of eHealth literacy (eHL) on the adjustment of these relationships in Chinese young adults.

Methods
The data used in this study were collected from a web-based survey of the general Chinese population, aged between 18 and 30 years, conducted in China between December 2022 and January 2023. A nonprobability snowball sampling method was used for data collection. A Bayesian structural equation model (BSEM) using parameter expansion was used to estimate the moderating effect of eHL on the relationship between coronaphobia and psychological problems. The posterior mean and 95% highest density intervals (HDIs) were estimated.

Results
A total of 4119 participants completed the questionnaire and provided valid responses. Among them, 64.4% (n=2653) were female and 58.7% (n=2417) were rural residents. All measures showed statistically significant but minor-to-moderate associations (correlation coefficients ranged from −0.04 to 0.65). Significant heterogeneity was observed between rural and urban residents at the eHL level, and coronaphobia was observed. The BSEM results demonstrated that eHL was a significant moderator in reducing the negative effects of coronaphobia on loneliness (posterior mean −0.0016, 95% HDI −0.0022 to −0.0011), depression (posterior mean −0.006, 95% HDI −0.0079 to −0.004), stigma (posterior mean −0.0052, 95% HDI −0.0068 to −0.0036), and irritability (posterior mean −0.0037, 95% HDI −0.0052 to −0.0022). The moderating effects of eHL varied across the rural and urban subsamples.

Conclusions
Using BSEM, this study demonstrated that improving eHL can significantly mitigate the negative effects of coronaphobia on 4 COVID-19–related mental health problems in Chinese young adults. Future eHL initiatives should target rural communities to ensure equal access to information and resources that can help protect their mental health during the pandemic.
A Hospital-Wide Open-Label Cluster Crossover Pragmatic Comparative Effectiveness Randomized Trial Comparing Normal Saline to Ringer’s Lactate: Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan of The FLUID Trial
Authors: Shaw Julia F , Ouyang Yongdong , Fergusson Dean A , McArdle Tracy , Martin Claudio , Cook Deborah , Graham Ian D , Hawken Steven , McCartney Colin J L , Menon Kusum , Saginur Raphael , Seely Andrew , Stiell Ian , Fox-Robichaud Alison , English Shane , Marshall John , Thavorn Kednapa , Taljaard Monica , McIntyre Lauralyn A ,   Canadian Critical Care Trials Group
Published: August 2023

Background
Normal saline (NS) and Ringer’s lactate (RL) are the most common crystalloids given to hospitalized patients. Despite concern about possible harm associated with NS (eg, hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis, impaired kidney function, and death), few large multicenter randomized trials focused on critically ill patients have compared these fluids. Uncertainty exists about the effects of these fluids on clinically important outcomes across all hospitalized patients.

Objective
The FLUID trial is a pragmatic, multicenter, 2×2 cluster crossover comparative effectiveness randomized trial that aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a hospital-wide policy that stocks either NS or RL as the main crystalloid fluid in 16 hospitals across Ontario, Canada.

Methods
All hospitalized adult and pediatric patients (anticipated sample size 144,000 patients) with an incident admission to the hospital over the course of each study period will be included. Either NS or RL will be preferentially stocked throughout the hospital for 12 weeks before crossing to the alternate fluid for the subsequent 12 weeks. The primary outcome is a composite of death and hospital readmission within 90 days of hospitalization. Secondary outcomes include death, hospital readmission, dialysis, reoperation, postoperative reintubation, length of hospital stay, emergency department visits, and discharge to a facility other than home. All outcomes will be obtained from health administrative data, eliminating the need for individual case reports. The primary analysis will use cluster-level summaries to estimate cluster-average treatment effects.

Results
The statistical analysis plan has been prepared “a priori” in advance of receipt of the trial data set from ICES and any analyses.

Conclusions
We describe the protocol and statistical analysis plan for the evaluation of primary and secondary outcomes for the FLUID trial.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04512950; https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04512950

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/51783
Theoretical and experimental assessment of the effect of adhesive bond thickness on the flexural capacity of CFRP strengthened beams
Authors: Nwankwo Ebuka , John TrustGod 
Published: August 2023

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) is a material of choice in the structural strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) elements. In order to strengthen RC elements, CRFP is bonded externally to RC elements using adhesives. This paper investigates the effect of varying adhesive bond thickness on the moment capacity of CFRP strengthened RC beams in flexure. Thirty-eight (38) Reinforced concrete beams (1.2m length) were cast in the laboratory and their failure loads and corresponding moment capacities obtained when the adhesive bond thickness between the CFRP wraps and RC beams were varied. This paper examines the comparison between flexural moment capacities obtained experimentally and the predicted moment capacities using a theoretical procedure set out in AC440-2R-17 after structural strengthening with CFRP. It was observed that the adhesive thickness had a significant effect on the flexural capacity of strengthened beams. As the adhesive thickness increased beyond certain thresholds, the flexural capacity of strengthened beams reduced. At the optimum adhesive thickness threshold, the ACI 440-2r-17 procedures could predict to high accuracy the moment capacities of strengthened beams.
Rare Variants in Complement Gene in C3 Glomerulopathy and Immunoglobulin-Mediated Membranoproliferative GN
Authors: Meuleman Marie Sophie , Vieira-Martins Paula , El Sissy Carine , Audard Vincent , Baudouin Véronique , Bertrand Dominique , Bridoux Frank , Louillet Férielle , Dossier Claire , Esnault Vincent , Jourde-Chiche Noémie , Karras Alexandre , Morin Marie-Pascale , Provot François , Remy Philippe , Ribes David , Rousset-Rouviere Caroline , Servais Aude , Thervet Eric , Tricot Leila , Zaidan Mohamad , Wynckel Alain , Zuber Julien , Le Quintrec Moglie , Frémeaux-Bacchi Véronique , Chauvet Sophie 
Published: August 2023

Background
C3 glomerulopathy and idiopathic immunoglobulin-mediated membranoproliferative GN (Ig-MPGN) are rare complement-mediated kidney diseases. Inherited forms of C3 glomerulopathy/Ig-MPGN are rarely described.

Methods
Three hundred ninety-eight patients with C3 glomerulopathy (n=296) or Ig-MPGN (n=102) from a national registry were screened for three complement genes: factor H (CFH), factor I (CFI), and C3. Patients with rare variant (minor allele frequency <0.1%) were included. Epidemiologic, clinical, and immunologic data at diagnosis and kidney outcomes of patients were retrospectively collected.

Results
Fifty-three different rare variants, including 30 (57%), 13 (24%), and ten (19%) in CFH, CFI, and C3 variants, were identified in 66/398 (17%) patients. Thirty-eight (72%) variants were classified as pathogenic, including 20/30 (66%) and 11/13 (84%) variants in CFH and CFI, respectively, impairing synthesis of factor H or factor I regulators. Fifteen of 53 (27%) variants were of unknown significance. At diagnosis, 69% of patients were adult (median age of 31 years). With the exception of biologic stigma of thrombotic microangiopathy, which was more frequent in patients with CFI variants (5/14 [36%] versus 1/37 [3%] and 0% in the CFH group and C3 group, respectively, P < 0.001), the clinical and histologic features were similar among the three variants groups. The kidney outcome was poor regardless of the age at onset and treatment received. Sixty-five percent (43/66) of patients with rare variant reach kidney failure after a median delay of 41 (19–104) months, compared with 28% (55/195) after a median delay of 34 (12–143) months in the nonvariant group. Among 36 patients who received a kidney transplant, 2-year recurrence was frequent, occurring in 39% (12/31), without difference between variant groups, and led to graft failure in three cases.

Conclusions
In our cohort, 17% of C3 glomerulopathy/Ig-MPGN cases were associated with rare variants in the CFH, CFI, or C3 genes. In most cases, a quantitative deficiency in factor H or factor I was identified. The presence of a rare variant was associated with poor kidney survival.

Podcast
This article contains a podcast at https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2023_11_08_CJN0000000000000252.mp3
Plan de gestión de inventarios bajo NIIF pymes: Empresa PROLASE
Authors: Ortega Naranjo William Fernando , Armendáriz Noboa Maura Lorena , Catota Arias Renata Liseth 
Published: August 2023

El objetivo del presente caso es identificar los problemas que tiene la empresa prolase sobre sus inventarios y proponer un plan de gestión y control de inventarios amparados bajo Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera (niif) pymes. La metodología aplicada tuvo un enfoque mixto; se utilizaron fuentes documentales bibliográficas y se aplicó una encuesta a los empleados. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos de la aplicación del instrumento, los registros son empíricos y manuales en un cien por ciento (100 %). De allí se dedujo que no hay un modelo de gestión para administrar y controlar los inventarios en su totalidad, provocando deficiencias en los procesos y procedimientos que realiza la organización. La política de gestión de inventarios es importante para mitigar los riesgos inherentes en la organización.
Persepsi Karyawan Food and Beverage Service Terhadap Program Pelatihan di Hotel Fairmont Sanur Beach
Authors: Puspitasari Ni Made Ega , Paramitha Made Widya 
Published: August 2023

Dalam sebuah perusahaan SDM merupakan salah satu aset penting didalamnya. Pengembangan SDM melalui pelatihan sangat penting untuk menunjang keberlangsungan dari suatu perusahaan. Persepsi karyawan mengenai pelatihan juga tidak kalah penting, untuk mengetahui apa yang karyawan pikirkan tentang pelatihan tersebut dan apakah karyawan mendapatkan feedback dari perusahaan setelah mendapatkan pelatihan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui persepsi karyawan food and beverage service terhadap program pelatihan yang diterapkan di hotel Fairmont Sanur Beach Bali. Penulis melakukan penelitian dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner dengan menggunakan judul Persepsi Karyawan Food and Beverage Service Terhadap Program Pelatihan di Hotel Fairmont Sanur Beach Bali. Penulis melakukan penelitian dari bulan Maret-Juni 2020. Penulis melakukan penyebaran kuesioner dengan cara online dikarenakan kondisi yang tidak mendukung. Kuesioner tersebut berisi mengenai pelatihan yang diterapkan di hotel Fairmont Sanur Beach Bali dan persepsi karyawan. Dari hasil kuesioner tersebut penulis mendapatkan hasil mengenai persepsi karyawan yang positif terhadap pelatihan yang diterapkan di Hotel Fairmont Sanur Beach Bali.

In a company, human resource is one of the important assets in it. Human resource development training is very important to support the sustainability of a company. Employee perceptions of training are equally important, to find out what employees think about the training and whether employees get feedback from the company after receiving training. The purpose of this study is to determine the perceptions of food and beverage service employees towards the training program implemented at the Fairmont Sanur Beach Bali hotel. The author conducted research using data collection techniques through questionnaires using the title Food and Beverage Service Employee Perceptions of the Training Program at the Fairmont Hotel Sanur Beach Bali. The author conducted research from March to June 2020. The author distributed questionnaires online due to unfavorable conditions. The questionnaire contains training implemented at the Fairmont Sanur Beach Bali hotel and employee perceptions. From the results of the questionnaire, the authors obtained results regarding positive employee perceptions of the training implemented at the Fairmont Sanur Beach Bali Hotel.
The Compliance Consequences of Fault Assignment and Sanction Strength in Sanctions
Authors: Sooy Matthew 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Regulators rely heavily on “no-fault” settlements in their enforcement, where targets avoid costly litigation by accepting sanctions without admitting or denying fault. Considerable public debate surrounds the issue, but prior research has typically focused on financial dimensions of sanctions such as the magnitude of fines. I conduct an economic experiment where individuals face a costly compliance choice in the presence of sanctions that may either be greater than or less than the benefits of violating and may also require admission of fault. I observe that compliance quality is greater when sanctions assign fault. I also observe that, relative to strong sanctions, the frequency of compliance decreases under weak no-fault sanctions but does not decrease under weak fault sanctions. Lastly, I observe that non-decision-making participants struggle with the task of anticipating compliance, believing that compliance quality will increase in sanction strength but not fault although the opposite is true.
Data Availability: Data are available on request from the author.
Business Resilience and Creative Economy Post COVID-19
Authors: Puspitasari Reni Dwi , Nur Iffatin , Ilmas Divia Nur Alan Nur 
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to shed light on the urgency of nurturing business resilience and creative economy in developing the micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) through an Islamic economics approach post the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (commonly known as COVID-19) pandemic. It is driven by the downturn of MSMEs during the COVID-19 pandemic. MSMEs themselves are the foundation of community’s economic stability. Thus, the effect of MSMEs’ downturn is heartily felt by the community. In the study of Islamic economics itself, a system of alleviating economic downturn is a necessity along with the system of justice and equity. Based on this problem, this literature-based study critically examines the position of Islamic economy in the implementation of business resilience and creative economy in restoring the dignity of MSMEs post COVID-19 pandemic viewed from maqāṣid sharī’ah (purposes of Islamic law) perspective. The findings show that strengthening MSMEs post COVID-19 pandemic fits both the creative economy and Islamic economic models and is in line with maqāṣid sharī’ah, especially with ḥifẓ al-nafs (preserving one’s soul) and ḥifẓ al-māl (preserving one’s wealth).
RELAÇÃO ENTRE OS MECANISMOS DE GOVERNANÇA E AS PRÁTICAS DE RESPONSABILIDADE SOCIAL EM COOPERATIVAS GAÚCHAS
Authors: Da Silva Patrícia Rodrigues , Kasper Lidiane , Brizolla Maria Margarete Baccin , Brum Argemiro Luis , Baggio Daniel Knebel , Sausen Jorge Oneide 
Published: August 2023

Objetivo : Analisar as relações entre o comércio de Governança Corporativa (GC) e as práticas de Responsabilidade Social Corporativa (RSC) nas cooperativas do Rio Grande do Sul.
Referencial teórico: Fundamentação na teoria dos stakeholders, responsabilidade social e governança corporativa.
Método: O estudo se classifica como pesquisa descritiva, de campo e quantitativa. A amostra foi consertada por 35 cooperativas do estado, de diferentes ramos de atuação, que responderam à pesquisa, contendo questões a respeito das 4 dimensões de RSC, proposta pelo modelo da pirâmide de Carroll (1991) e questões acerca dos câmbio de GC. Para a análise dos dados, foi utilizada a voz de Pearson .
Resultados e conclusão: Os resultados dão conta de que os tomar de GC, estão positivamente associados às práticas de RSC nas cooperativas experimentadas, independente do ramo de atuação das mesmas, indicando que a intensidade das práticas de RSC reconhecidas pelo modelo de Carroll (1991) , se mostram com maior consistência a medida que a intensidade da aplicação dos botões de GC estavam, aumentando. Conclui-se que dentre os dez (10) exames exames, a investigação indica rejeição para uma delas, que foi a associação entre o Conselho de Administração (CA) e RSC, que apesar de ter sido encontrada uma associação positiva, ela não foi significativa .
Implicações da pesquisa: Os achados confirmam os orçamentos teóricos trazidos para este estudo de que as boas práticas de Governança Corporativa aprenderam com o estabelecimento de estratégias e práticas de Responsabilidade Social em cooperativas do Rio Grande do Sul.
Originalidade/valor: expandiu o conhecimento sobre a importância das práticas de RSC, bem como na verificação da relação com o controle de GC em organizações cooperativas, de modo a entender se elas estão ou não associadas e qual tipo de associação ocorre.