bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Relationship Between Acoustic and Kinematic Vowel Space Areas With and Without Normalization for Speakers With and Without Dysarthria
Authors: Kuo Christina , Berry Jeffrey 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:
Few studies have reported on the vowel space area (VSA) in both acoustic and kinematic domains. This study examined acoustic and kinematic VSAs for speakers with and without dysarthria and evaluated effects of normalization on acoustic and kinematic VSAs and the relationship between these measures.

Method:

Vowel data from 12 speakers with and without dysarthria, presenting with a range of speech abilities, were examined. The speakers included four speakers with Parkinson's disease (PD), four speakers with brain injury (BI), and four neurotypical (NT) speakers. Speech acoustic and kinematic data were acquired simultaneously using electromagnetic articulography during a passage reading task. Raw and normalized VSAs calculated from corner vowels /i/, /æ/, /ɑ/, and /u/ were evaluated. Normalization was achieved through
z
score transformations to the acoustic and kinematic data. The effect of normalization on variability within and across groups was evaluated. Regression analysis was used across speakers to assess the association between acoustic and kinematic VSAs for both raw and normalized data.

Results:
When evaluating the speakers as three different groups (i.e., PD, BI, and NT), normalization reduced the standard deviations within each group and changed the relative differences in average magnitude between groups. Regression analysis revealed a significant relationship between normalized, but not raw, acoustic and kinematic VSAs, after the exclusion of an outlier speaker.

Conclusions:
Normalization reduces the variability across speakers, within groups, and changes average magnitudes affecting speaker group comparisons. Normalization also influences the correlation between acoustic and kinematic measures. Further investigation of the impact of normalization techniques upon acoustic and kinematic measures is warranted.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.22669747
On the role of interplanetary shocks in accelerating MeV electrons
Authors: Talebpour Sheshvan N. , Dresing N. , Vainio R. , Afanasiev A. , Morosan D. E. 
Published: April 2023

Context. One of the sources of solar energetic particle (SEP) events is shocks that are driven by fast coronal mass ejections (CMEs). They can accelerate SEPs up to relativistic energies and are attributed to the largest SEP events. New studies suggest that CME-driven shocks can potentially accelerate electrons to MeV energies in the vicinity of the Sun.
Aims. We focus on relativistic electrons associated with strong interplanetary shocks between 2007 and 2019 to determine whether the shocks can keep accelerating such electrons up to a distance of 1 AU.
Methods. We analyze observations by the High Energy Telescope (HET) aboard the STEREO spacecraft of potential electron energetic storm particle (ESP) events characterized by intensity time series that peak at the time of, or close to, the associated CME-driven shock crossing. We present a new filtering method to assess the statistical significance of particle intensity increases and apply it to MeV electron observations in the vicinity of IP shocks. We employ a STEREO in situ shock list, which contains a total of 587 shocks occurring at the two STEREO spacecraft. From this list, we identify 27 candidate events through visual inspection.
Results. Our method identifies nine clear cases where a significant increase of MeV electrons was found in association with a shock. Typically, the highest statistical significance was observed in the highest of the three HET energy channels (2.8–4.0 MeV). All nine cases are associated with shocks driven by IP CMEs that showed large transit speeds in excess of 900 km s−1. In several cases, multiple shocks were observed within one day of the shock related to the electron increase.
Conclusions. Although electron ESP events at MeV energies are found to be rare at 1 AU, our filtering method is not designed to identify a potential IP shock contribution from distances closer to the Sun. Observations from the Parker Solar Probe or Solar Orbiter taken during closer approaches to the Sun would likely provide clarity on the IP shock acceleration of electrons.
A Comparison of Machine Learning Models for Survival Prediction of Patients with Glioma Using Radiomic Features from MRI Scans
Authors: Manjunath Madhumitha , Saravanakumar Shayana , Kiran Shreya , Chatterjee Jhinuk 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Glioma is a primary, malignant, highly aggressive brain tumor, with patients having an average life expectancy of 14 to 16 months after diagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of these patients can be used to extract and analyze quantifiable features with potential clinical significance. We hypothesize that there is a correlation between radiomic features extracted from MRI scans and survival. Along with clinical data, the radiomic features could be used in survival prediction of patients, providing beneficial information for clinicians to design personalized treatment plans.
Methods In our study, we have utilized 3D Slicer for tumor segmentation and feature extraction and performed survival prediction of patients with glioma using four different machine learning models.
Results and Conclusion Among the models compared, we have achieved a maximum prediction accuracy of 64.4% using the k-nearest neighbors model, which was trained and tested on a combination of clinical data and radiomic features extracted from MRI images provided in the BraTS 2020 dataset.
Neuroimaging Spectrum in COVID-19 Infection: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Tiwari Sarbesh , Garg Pawan Kumar , Panda Samhita , Gupta Aanchal , Hegde Adarsh , Kumar Deepak , Khera Daisy , Bhatia Pradeep Kumar , Garg Mayank , Yadav Taruna 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and Purpose The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a multisystemic disease and involvement of the nervous system is well established. The neurological and neuroimaging features of the disease have been extensively evaluated. Our study aimed to elucidate the neuroradiological findings in COVID-19 infected patients admitted to our institute during the first and second waves of the pandemic in India.Methods This was a single-center retrospective study of all COVID-19 positive patients who underwent neuroimaging between March 2020 and May 2021. The presenting neurological complaints, the imaging findings in computed tomography (CT) imaging, and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were recorded. They recorded the findings in the subheadings of ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, parainfectious demyelination, acute encephalitis syndrome, and changes of global hypoxic changes. Patients with age-related, chronic, and incidental findings were excluded.Results The study comprised of 180 COVID-19 positive patients who underwent neuroimaging. CT scan was performed for 169 patients, MRI for 28, and a combination of both CT and MRI was performed for 17 patients. Seventy percent of patients were males, and median age was 61.5 years (interquartile range: 48.25–70.75). Out of the 180 patients, 66 patients had nonspecific findings that could not be attributed to COVID-19 infection. In the remaining 114 patients, 77 (42.7%) had ischemic findings, while 22 (12.2%) had hemorrhagic stroke. Hypoxic ischemic changes were noted in five patients. The rest of the patients had a spectrum of changes including, cerebellitis (3), tumefactive demyelination (1), COVID-19-associated encephalitis (1), hemorrhagic acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis (1), transverse myelitis (1), cytotoxic lesions of corpus callosum (1), Guillain-Barre syndrome (1), and COVID-19-associated microhemorrhages (1).Conclusion Neurological manifestations of COVID-19 infection are not uncommon, and our understanding of this topic is expanding. A complex interplay of neurotropism and direct central nervous system invasion, immune activation and cytokine storm, vasculitis, and parainfectious processes are implicated in the pathophysiology. While the most common imaging finding was ischemic stroke, followed by hemorrhagic stroke, a diverse range of parainfectious findings was also noted in our study.
Inside-Out Transcanal Endoscopic Mastoidectomy: Literature Revision
Authors: Bessa Renan Gonçalves , Tsuji Robinson Koji 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Introduction Recently, there have been significant advancements in transcanal endoscopic ear surgery (TEES). The combination of rigid and thin otoendoscopes with high-definition cameras enabled a less invasive transcanal access to the middle ear and a clearer view of the surgical field. Several surgeons have recently published studies about cholesteatoma resection via transcanal endoscopic surgery, even in cases where the disease has extended to the mastoid, requiring transcanal endoscopic mastoidectomy.
Objectives To analyze the currently available literature on transcanal endoscopic inside-out mastoidectomy, and to determine its efficacy as a surgical technique by evaluating the disease's relapse/recurrence rate.
Data Synthesis Initially, the titles and abstracts of articles identified were analyzed. At this stage, 117 articles were analyzed, 97 of which were excluded for not meeting the inclusion criteria. The 20 remaining articles were further evaluated. The articles were classified on the basis of five levels of scientific evidence.
Final Comments The analysis of the studies showed that the transcanal endoscopic approach is effective in providing access to the attic or antrum, especially in cases of sclerotic mastoids. There was only one study with grade A recommendation, which showed the efficacy of endoscopic ear surgery in the treatment of cholesteatoma. Furthermore, there were three studies with grade B recommendation, showing less relapse/recurrence after TEES. More studies with grade A and B recommendations are needed to better evaluate the effectiveness of TEES, especially compared with that of traditional microscopic surgery.
Visit-to-Visit Heart Rate Variability in the Prediction of Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Krittayaphong Rungroj , Boonyapisit Warangkna , Sairat Poom , Lip Gregory Y. H. 
Published: April 2023

Background Visit-to-visit heart rate variability (VVV-HR) has been associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. We aimed to determine the predictive value of VVV-HR for adverse clinical outcomes in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF).Methods We used data from a prospective multicenter AF registry of 27 hospitals in Thailand during 2014 to 2017. After the baseline visit, patients were followed up every 6 months until 3 years. VVV-HR was calculated from the standard deviation of heart rate data from baseline visit and every follow-up visit. VVV-HR was categorized into four groups according to the quartiles. Clinical outcomes were all-cause death, ischemic stroke/systemic embolism (SE), and heart failure. Cox proportional hazard models were used for multivariable analysis.Results There were a total of 3,174 patients (mean age: 67.7 years; 41.8% female). The incidence rates of all-cause death, ischemic stroke/SE, and heart failure were 3.10 (2.74–3.49), 1.42 (1.18–1.69), and 2.09 (1.80–2.42) per 100 person-years respectively. The average heart rate was 77.8 ± 11.0 bpm and the average of standard deviation of heart rate was 11.0 ± 5.9 bpm. VVV-HR Q4 was an independent predictor of all-cause death, ischemic stroke/SE, and heart failure with adjusted hazard ratios of 1.45 (95% confidence interval: 1.07–1.98), 2.02 (1.24–3.29), and 2.63 (1.75–3.96), respectively. VVV-HR still remained a significant predictor of clinical outcomes when analyzed based on coefficient of variation and variability independent of mean.Conclusion VVV-HR is an independent predictor for adverse clinical outcomes in patients with AF. A J-curve appearance was demonstrated for the effect of VVV-HR on all-cause death.
The impact of language translation quality on commerce: The example of patents
Authors: Araghi Sahar , Palangkaraya Alfons , Webster Elizabeth 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLanguage matters, and it is an overwhelming stylized fact that language translation is an unavoidable part of global business. In this paper, we quantify the impact of translation difficulty reflected by the presence of multiple-meaning words in the original text. We focus on international patent applications because patent prosecution is nation-based. An inventor who seeks patent protection in a foreign jurisdiction with a different official language will need to file a translated version of the same document. Our estimates show that applications with more ambiguous original (English) text, are up to 25 percentage points less likely to receive a grant in the non-English jurisdictions (China, Japan, and South Korea). The results suggest that language translation difficulty can serve as a potential source of distortion in the global patent system. Ultimately, such translation difficulty may reduce the level of investment in global innovation activities, potentially leading to significant welfare loss. These findings serve to illustrate why international businesses should have adequate language translation strategy to address any translation difficulty arising from the presence of ambiguous words even when the deal involves the cross-border transfer of highly codified knowledge such as patents.
On delicate balance between formation and decay of tetracyanoethylene molecular anion triggered by resonance electron attachment
Authors: Pshenichnyuk Stanislav A. , Asfandiarov Nail L. , Rakhmeyev Rustam G. , Safronov Aleksey M. , Komolov Alexei S. 
Published: April 2023

Low-energy (0–15 eV) resonance electron interaction with isolated tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) molecules is studied in vacuo by means of dissociative electron attachment (DEA) spectroscopy. Despite this molecule being relatively small, the long-lived molecular anions TCNE− are formed not only at thermal electron energy via a vibrational Feshbach resonance mechanism but also via shape resonances with the occupation of the π4* and π5* molecular orbitals by an incident electron. Dissociative decays of TCNE− are mostly observed at incident electron energy above the π7* temporary anion state predicted to lie at 1.69 eV by means of B3LYP/6-31G(d) calculations combined with the empirical scaling procedure. Electron attachment to the π6* orbital (predicted at 0.85 eV) leads to the generation of long-lived TCNE− species, which can decay via two competing processes: extra electron detachment, which appears in hundreds of microseconds, or elimination of two cyano groups to form the [TCNE − 2(CN)]− negative fragment on a tens of microsecond timescale. The latter is accompanied by the generation of a highly toxic cyanogen molecule as a neutral counterpart. Since the electron transfer to the acceptor molecule TCNE plays a key role in the formation of single-molecule magnets, the present data are of importance to understand the long-term behavior and likely harmful effects produced by cyanide-based prospective materials.
Shifting discourses of togetherness and heroism in retold earthquake stories
Authors: Blain Hayden , Millar Paul 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This paper examines how disaster-related discourses are produced in storytelling, and whether and in what way
these discourses may change in the second telling. We examine two sets of retold stories taken from a corpus of 123 retold stories
about the 2010/2011 Canterbury earthquakes in New Zealand. Findings indicate that these storytellers tell structurally similar
stories, yet implement subtle linguistic changes which produce different positionings and discourses in the two tellings. We draw
on positioning analysis and the ethnomethodological concept of tellability to show how, in the first telling, the storytellers
orient to and produce discourses of united togetherness, whereas in the second telling they produce discourses of
bravery and heroism. We argue that the positioning and discursive strategies used in disaster stories may change
drastically over time, showing how retold stories of the same event change to meet the evolving realities of the teller and their
post-disaster community.
“A tour guide losing her cool”
Authors: Xie Chaoqun , Tong Ying 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This article seeks to explore the mechanisms of holding others accountable for a perceived deviation from moral order through public complaints on Chinese social media as well as the influences of emotional stance and social positioning when people perceive a breach of the moral order and try to restore it. Our data consists of a transcribed complaint narrative (CN) widely deemed morally transgressive, and a corpus of web-based news comments (WNC), displaying public counter-offensive actions to the CN. A contextualized discourse analysis reveals that abundant context-spanning impoliteness formulae in WNC are strategies for constructing collective identities and magnifying the condemnation of immorality. In the process of moral order appeal, using various emotive impoliteness formulae appear to be a situated norm.
Structural investigation of triangular defects in 4H-SiC epitaxial layers as nucleation source for bar shaped stacking faults (BSSFs)
Authors: Kodolitsch E , Kabakow A , Sodan V , Krieger M , Weber H , Tsavdaris N 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The formation of recombination-induced bar shaped stacking faults (BSSFs) during forward voltage operation of SiC devices, can lead to increased voltage drop and enhanced device degradation. In this study, a triangular epitaxial defect is identified as a nucleation source for the growth of BSSF in forward-biased 4H-SiC p-n diode test structures. We performed low and high voltage current emission microscopy measurements in order to detect the position of BSSFs in the active area of the device and in-depth structural analysis to locate their nucleation source. It was found that basal plane dislocations that converted into threading screw dislocations, close to the surface of the epitaxial layer and included in the triangular defect, act as nucleation source for the BSSFs. Those BSSFs expand from the top towards the bottom of the epitaxial layer, which is a newly reported expansion mechanism compared to the already reported BSSFs growing from the substrate/epitaxial layer interface towards the epitaxial layer surface.
Engineering topological phases of any winding and Chern numbers in extended Su–Schrieffer–Heeger models
Authors: Malakar Rakesh Kumar , Ghosh Asim Kumar 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Simple route of engineering topological phases for any desired value of winding and Chern numbers is found in the Su–Schrieffer–Heeger (SSH) model by adding a further neighbor hopping term of varying distances. It is known that the standard SSH model yields a single topological phase with winding number, ν = 1. In this study it is shown that how one can generate topological phases with any values of winding numbers, for examples,

ν
=
±
1
,
±
2
,
±
3
,
…
,

in the presence of a single further neighbor term which preserves inversion, particle-hole and chiral symmetries. Quench dynamics of the topological and trivial phases are studied in the presence of a specific nonlinear term. Another version of SSH model with additional modulating nearest neighbor and next-nearest-neighbor hopping parameters was introduced before which exhibit a single topological phase characterized by Chern number,

. Standard form of inversion, particle-hole and chiral symmetries are broken in this model. Here this model has been studied in the presence of several types of parametrization among which, for a special case the system is found to yield a series of phases with Chern numbers,

In another parametrization, multiple crossings within the edge states energy lines are found in both trivial and topological phases. Topological phase diagrams are drawn for every case. Emergence of spurious topological phases is also reported.
Frontier in the diamond anvil cell techniques for ultrahigh pressure generation
Authors: Ding Yingji , Sun Yidan , Jiang Shuqing , Huang Xiaoli , Cui Tian 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The diamond anvil cell (DAC) has become a principal tool for high-pressure research in muti-fields such as physics, earth, and planetary sciences, because of its ability to the realization of megabar pressures and thousands of degrees. Nevertheless, the strain on the culet of single crystal diamond at high loads leads to the conventional DAC having a 400 GPa limit. To date, based on the conventional DAC, several new designs were innovatively proposed, such as the double stage DAC (ds-DAC) and toroidal DAC. They are both capable to reach pressures above 600 GPa, and even static pressures of more than 1.0 TPa are achieved using ds-DAC. All these progresses promote the exploration of unique properties and new matters in a remarkable extended pressure range. Here, the typical characteristics and experimental methods of these interesting and important ultrahigh-pressure technologies are reviewed, the strengths and limitations are summarized, and an outlook on the development of ultrahigh-pressure technology is also provided. These exciting results will further stimulate breakthrough discoveries for ultrahigh-pressure studies.
A phase field model to simulate crack initiation from pitting site in isotropic and anisotropic elastoplastic material
Authors: Song Jie , Matthew Christian , Sangoi Kevin , Fu Yao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A multiphysics phase field framework for coupled electrochemical and elastoplastic behaviors is presented, where the evolution of complex solid-electrolyte is described by the variation of the phase field variable with time. The solid-electrolyte interface kinetics nonlinearly depends on the thermodynamic driving force and can be accelerated by mechanical straining according to the film rupture-dissolution mechanism. A number of examples in two- and three- dimensions are demonstrated based on the finite element-based MOOSE framework. The model successfully captures the pit-to-crack transition under simultaneous electrochemical and mechanical effects. The crack initiation and growth has been demonstrated to depend on a variety of materials properties. The coupled corrosion and crystal plasticity framework also predict the crack initiation away from the perpendicular to the loading direction.
Atomically dispersed Au anchored on CeO2 to enhancing the antioxidant activity
Authors: Guo Zhimin , Zhang Jie , Luo Yangkai , Li Dongxiao , Zhao Ruihuan , Huang Yubiao , Ren Hao , Yao Xin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The modification of Au nanoparticles can improve the antioxidant activity of CeO2, however, nano Au/CeO2 has also met some problems such as low atomic utilization, the limit of reaction conditions, and high cost. Au single atom catalysts can well solve the above-mentioned problems, but there are some contradictory results about the activity of single atom Au1/CeO2 and nano Au/CeO2. Here, we synthesized rod-like Au single atom Au/CeO2 (0.4% Au1/CeO2) and nano Au/CeO2 (1% Au/CeO2, 2% Au/CeO2 and 4% Au/CeO2), and their antioxidant activity from strong to weak is 0.4% Au1/CeO2, 1% Au/CeO2, 2% Au/CeO2 and 4% Au/CeO2, respectively. The higher antioxidant activity of 0.4% Au1/CeO2 is mainly due to the high Au atomic utilization ratio and the stronger charge transfer between Au single atoms and CeO2, resulting in the higher content of Ce3+. Due to the coexistence of Au single atoms and Au NPs in 2% Au/CeO2, the antioxidant activity 2% Au/CeO2 is higher than that of 4% Au/CeO2. And the enhancement effect of Au single atoms was not affected by the concentration of ·OH and material concentration. These results can promote the understanding of the antioxidant activity of 0.4% Au1/CeO2 and promote its application.