bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perception of climate change in an academic community in Colombia—a pilot study in a developing country
Authors: Espinosa Mónica , Larrahondo Juan S. , Mendez-Espinosa Juan F. , Cortés Denisse V. , Forero Víctor F. , Franco Juan F. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe study applied a climate change (CC) perception survey in Colombia between 2021 and 2022 to gather information about the national academic community from UNAD University (Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia). The survey's fundamental component was the use of Yale's Six Americas Super Short Survey (SASSY) questions and algorithm, which allows the segmentation of the population into six audiences based on their views on climate change. In addition, the study analyzed the perception regarding causes and consequences of extreme climate events, personal engagement to reduce CC, opinions on public policies, and the willingness to participate in CC campaigns. This study contributes to increasing the understanding of the CC perception of specific community groups in developing countries. Furthermore, these pilot results can help orient universities and the academic community in designing their CC communication and education strategies.
Out-of-school hours care places in Xi’an City of China: location choice, spatial relationships, and influencing factors
Authors: Zhong Meiling , Li Gang , Yu Yue , Xu Lanqing , Nie Qifan , Yang Zhuo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractsAffected by the burden reduction policy, out-of-school hours care places have become a hot issue of social concern. Taking Xi’an out-of-school hours care places as a research case, this paper discusses its location choice, spatial relationships and influencing factors using methods such as text analysis, spatial analysis, and mathematical statistics. The results show that: (1) the distribution of out-of-school hours care places in Xi’an is closely related to the community and schools. The names mostly use words such as “sunshine,” “teacher,” and “love,” which are mainly distributed on the lower floors (one to three floors), of which the first floor accounts for the largest proportion. (2) The high-value areas of out-of-school hours care places are mainly concentrated in the Lianhu District, Yanta District, Xincheng District, and the north Chang’an District. Their distribution has obvious directionality, showing a “northeast-southwest” trend, and the global spatial autocorrelation is positively correlated. (3) The spatial pattern of out-of-school hours care places is basically consistent with that of primary and secondary schools, and most of them are located within 1000 m of it. (4) The influencing factors mainly include the distribution of primary and secondary schools, residential areas, population density, house rent, and policies.
Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Exposures and Long-term Self-rated Health Effects Among Parents in Coastal Louisiana
Authors: Stroope Samuel , Slack Tim , Kroeger Rhiannon A. , Keating Kathryn Sweet , Beedasy Jaishree , Sury Jonathan J. , Brooks Jeremy , Chandler Thomas 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
To assess whether exposure to the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill (DHOS) was related to parents’ self-rated health over time.

Design:
3 waves of panel data were drawn from the Gulf Coast Population Impact study (2014) and Resilient Children, Youth, and Communities study (2016, 2018).

Setting:
Coastal Louisiana communities in high-impact DHOS areas.

Participants:
Respondents were parents or guardians aged 18 - 84, culled from a probability sample of households with a child aged 4 to 18 (N = 526) at the time of the 2010 DHOS.

Measures:
Self-rated health was measured at each wave. Self-reported physical exposure to the DHOS, economic exposure to the DHOS, and control variables were measured in 2014.

Analysis:
We used econometric random effects regression for panel data to assess relationships between DHOS exposures and self-rated health over time, controlling for potentially confounding covariates.

Results:
Both physical exposure (b = −0.39; P < 0.001) and economic exposure (b = −0.34; P < 0.001) to the DHOS had negative associations with self-rated health over the study period. Physical exposure had a larger effect size.

Conclusion:
Parents’ physical contact with, and economic disruption from, the 2010 DHOS were tied to long-term diminished health.
Agta hunter–gatherer oral microbiomes are shaped by contact network structure
Authors: Musciotto Federico , Dobon Begoña , Greenacre Michael , Mira Alex , Chaudhary Nikhil , Salali Gul Deniz , Gerbault Pascale , Schlaepfer Rodolph , Astete Leonora H. , Ngales Marilyn , Gomez-Gardenes Jesus , Latora Vito , Battiston Federico , Bertranpetit Jaume , Vinicius Lucio , Migliano Andrea Bamberg 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Here we investigate the effects of extensive sociality and mobility on the oral microbiome of 138 Agta hunter–gatherers from the Philippines. Our comparisons of microbiome composition showed that the Agta are more similar to Central African BaYaka hunter–gatherers than to neighbouring farmers. We also defined the Agta social microbiome as a set of 137 oral bacteria (only 7% of 1980 amplicon sequence variants) significantly influenced by social contact (quantified through wireless sensors of short-range interactions). We show that large interaction networks including strong links between close kin, spouses and even unrelated friends can significantly predict bacterial transmission networks across Agta camps. Finally, we show that more central individuals to social networks are also bacterial supersharers. We conclude that hunter–gatherer social microbiomes are predominantly pathogenic and were shaped by evolutionary tradeoffs between extensive sociality and disease spread.
On Duclos–Exner’s conjecture about waveguides in strong uniform magnetic fields
Authors: Bon-Lavigne Enguerrand , Le Treust Loïc , Raymond Nicolas , Royer Julien 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We consider the Dirichlet Laplacian with uniform magnetic field on a curved strip in two dimensions. We give a sufficient condition on the width and the curvature of the strip ensuring the existence of the discrete spectrum in the strong magnetic field limit, answering (negatively) a conjecture made by Duclos and Exner.
Three-dimensional acoustic monitoring of laser-accelerated protons in the focus of a pulsed-power solenoid lens
Authors: Gerlach S. , Balling F. , Schmidt A. K. , Brack F. E. , Kroll F. , Metzkes-Ng J. , Reimold M. , Schramm U. , Speicher M. , Zeil K. , Parodi K. , Schreiber J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The acoustic pulse emitted from the Bragg peak of a laser-accelerated proton bunch focused into water has recently enabled the reconstruction of the bunch energy distribution. By adding three ultrasonic transducers and implementing a fast data analysis of the filtered raw signals, I-BEAT (Ion-Bunch Energy Acoustic Tracing) 3D now provides the mean bunch energy and absolute lateral bunch position in real-time and for individual bunches. Relative changes in energy spread and lateral bunch size can also be monitored. Our experiments at DRACO with proton bunch energies between 10 and 30 MeV reveal sub-MeV and sub-mm resolution. In addition to this 3D bunch information, the signal strength correlates also with the absolute bunch particle number.
Risk factors associated with severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission, outbreak duration, and mortality in acute-care settings
Authors: Duncombe Tamara R. , Garrod Matthew , Wang Xuetao , Ng Joyce , Lee Eunsun , Short Katy , Tan Kennard 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground:Transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in acute-care settings affects patients, healthcare workers, and the healthcare system. We conducted an analysis of risk factors associated with outbreak severity to inform prevention strategies.Methods:This cross-sectional analysis of COVID-19 outbreaks was conducted at Fraser Health acute-care sites between March 2020 and March 2021. Outbreak severity measures included COVID-19 attack rate, outbreak duration, and 30-day case mortality. Generalized linear models with generalized estimating equations were used for all outcome measures. A P value of 0.05 indicated statistical significance. Analyses were performed using SAS version 3.8 software, R version 4.1.0 software, and Stata version 16.0 software.Results:Between March 2020 and March 2021, 54 COVID-19 outbreaks were declared in Fraser Health acute-care sites. Overall, a 10% increase in the hand hygiene rate during the outbreak resulted in an 18% decrease in the attack rate (P < .01), 1 fewer death (P = .03), and shorter outbreaks (P < .01). A 10-year increase in unit age was associated with 2.2 additional days of outbreak (P < 0.01) and increases in the attack rate (P < .05) and the number of deaths (P < .01).Discussion:We observed an inverse relationship between increased hand hygiene compliance during outbreaks and all 3 severity measures. Increased unit age was also associated with increases in each of the severity measures.Conclusion:This study highlights the importance of hand hygiene practices during an outbreak and the difficulties faced by older facilities, many of which have infrastructural challenges. The latter reinforces the need to incorporate infection control standards into healthcare planning and construction.
FINITE GROUPS WITH INDEPENDENT GENERATING SETS OF ONLY TWO SIZES
Authors: LUCCHINI ANDREA , SPIGA PABLO 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA generating set S for a group G is independent if the subgroup generated by
$S\setminus \{s\}$
is properly contained in G for all
$s \in S.$
We describe the structure of finite groups G such that there are precisely two numbers appearing as the cardinalities of independent generating sets for G.
Pasteurized milk quality in Brazil: a cross-sectional study over five years
Authors: Mancebo Aline Martins , Dorella Marina Rocha , de Abreu Samanta Stinghen , Carrilho Stael Málaga , Ferreira Giulia Ferracin , Itida Rafael Mikio , Correia Willian Caixeta Gutierres , de Lira Fernanda Montanholi , Tamanini Ronaldo , Fagnani Rafael 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis research communication delineates the quality of pasteurized cow milk sold in Brazil from 2015 to 2020. A cross-sectional study was performed gathering 1749 samples, which were evaluated for microbiological and physicochemical parameters, including Salmonella spp., total and thermotolerant coliforms, freezing point, alkaline phosphatase and lactoperoxidase. The proportion of compliant and non-compliant samples was compared through the years and jurisdiction of the inspection services. Interactions between the design and response variables were assessed by log-linear analysis. Overall, a considerable non-conformity rate (12%) was found for at least one microbiological or physicochemical parameter. Post-pasteurization contamination by coliforms was the major challenge for dairy industries. Notably, the non-compliance rate for freezing point increased during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. In addition, the ability to comply was linked to the type of inspection service. Thus, it is suggested that the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is affecting the dairy industries in Brazil, and we strengthen the need for more studies monitoring the quality of milk over the years, which could assist industries and regulatory agencies to ensure the compliance of pasteurized milk.
From Borderlands to the Sea: Recent Studies of Indigenous Atlantic Travellers
Authors: Zarley Jesse 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe dominions, political strategies, and diverse lifeways of Indigenous peoples in the early modern Atlantic world have been treated generally as rural and terrestrial—ending at the shore—while European supremacy over the high seas has been taken for granted. These conceptual assumptions have extended into methodological approaches to encounters between Indigenous polities and European empires that emphasize borderlands, frontiers, and middle (or native) grounds. Four recent monographs depart from such framings by focusing on Indigenous actions in cities such as Lima, Madrid, and London, travel across the Pacific and Atlantic oceans, and exertions of naval supremacy on the sea. In doing so, they provide new vantage points for reconsidering the meanings of freedom and slavery, diplomacy, trans-oceanic legal networks, and piracy.
Problematizing state capacity: the Rwandan case
Authors: Heldring Leander , Robinson James A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe argue that the effectiveness of Rwandan governments, both at implementing the 1994 genocide and inducing the current growth miracle, illustrates that the state has high capacity. Yet this capacity is not captured by conventional Weberian concepts, with their focus on taxation and formal bureaucracy. Rather, the capacity of Rwanda's state relies on its ability to leverage dense social networks which connect it to society. The origins of these networks lie in the construction of the historical state which expanded by merging with local lineages and kinship groups. Using data on the historical expansion of the Rwandan state as a proxy for the strength of state–society social networks we show they are uncorrelated with measures of Weberian state capacity. In a fieldwork exercise, we show that rule compliance today is positively correlated with our proxy, but uncorrelated with Weberian state capacity.
Strain Accommodation and Seismic Hazards of the Kalpin Fold‐And‐Thrust Belt, Southwestern Tian Shan Foreland, China: Insights From the 2020 Mw 6.0 Kalpin Earthquake
Authors: Zhang Yingfeng , Shan Xinjian , Gong Wenyu , Zhang Guohong , Qu Chunyan , Li Tao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractStrain accumulation in foreland zones is important for understanding mountain‐building processes and seismic hazards. Material heterogeneity in this border zone, particularly the contrast between sedimentary cover and basement, affects strain accommodation and fault behavior. One manifestation of this effect is depth separation of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR)‐derived slip models and corresponding aftershock clusters; hypotheses for this vertical separation remain controversial. In this study, we investigated strain accumulation in the Kalpin fold‐and‐thrust belt (KFTB) of southwestern Tian Shan, China, using the integration of InSAR measurements, teleseismic body‐waves, near‐field strong motion data (SM), and relocated aftershocks of the 2020 Mw 6.0 Kalpin earthquake. The SM modeling and analysis of post‐seismic InSAR time series are performed for the first time for this earthquake. Our results confirm a vertical separation of the mainshock and aftershock cluster, with the former on a weak décollement and the latter on faults within the basement. InSAR time series analysis shows that post‐seismic deformation was dominated by afterslip on a splay fault directly above the ruptured décollement. Static stress transfer of co‐seismic rupture cannot explain these observations. We speculate that fluid flow and high pore pressure along pre‐existing fault planes may have reduced the fault strength and been involved in the evolution of this aftershock cluster. We conclude that compressive strain in the KFTB is accommodated by a mixture of thin‐ and thick‐skin faulting and seismic deformation across the entire crustal thickness. Specifically, we suggest that the observed shortening is partly accommodated by infrequent large earthquakes on the weak décollement.
Can Plate Bending Explain the Observed Faster Landward Motion of Lateral Regions of the Subduction Zone After Major Megathrust Earthquakes?
Authors: D’Acquisto M. , Herman M. W. , Riva R. E. M. , Govers R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGreater landward velocities were recorded after six megathrust earthquakes in subduction zone regions adjacent to the ruptured portion. Previous explanations invoked either increased slip deficit accumulation or plate bending during postseismic relaxation, with different implications for seismic hazard. We investigate whether bending can be expected to reproduce this observed enhanced landward motion (ELM). We use 3D quasi‐dynamic finite element models with periodic earthquakes. We find that afterslip downdip of the brittle megathrust exclusively produces enhanced trenchward surface motion in the overriding plate. Viscous relaxation produces ELM when a depth limit is imposed on afterslip. This landward motion results primarily from in‐plane elastic bending of the overriding plate due to trenchward viscous flow in the mantle wedge near the rupture. Modeled ELM is, however, incompatible with the observations, which are an order of magnitude greater and last longer after the earthquake. This conclusion does not significantly change when varying mantle viscosity, plate elasticity, maximum afterslip depth, earthquake size, megathrust locking outside of the rupture, or nature and location of relevant model boundaries. The observed ELM consequently appears to reflect faster slip deficit accumulation, implying a greater seismic hazard in lateral segments of the subduction zone.
Seasonal Trends of DOM Character in Soils and Stream Change With Snowmelt Timing
Authors: Meingast Karl M. , Kane Evan S. , Marcarelli Amy M. , Wagenbrenner Joseph W. , Beltrone Vincent G. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn many watersheds, runoff occurring with snowmelt brings the largest pulse of dissolved organic matter (DOM) from soils to streams. Yet, exactly how soil and stream DOM fractions are altered as snowmelt timing changes is not well understood. We studied the optical character of DOM as it moved through a first‐order northern hardwood watershed through the snowmelt period. While stream dissolved organic carbon (DOC; mean = 4.6 mg C L−1) concentrations were not correlated with snowmelt flushing, stream DOM appeared humic‐like throughout the study period (humification index, HIX; mean = 10.9). Within the stream, we measured seasonal increases in an inverse index of DOM molecular weight and processing (spectral slope, S275–295; range = 0.0102–0.0214) and in an index of recently derived DOM (Biological Index, BIX; range = 0.2–1.1). We measured a decrease in an inverse index of DOM oxidation (ratio of Peak C to Peak A, or C/A; range = 0.59–2.01) through the snowmelt period. Stream BIX and C/A tracked those measured in the north aspect soils throughout the study. C/A was unique as it decreased from source to stream, likely reflecting the diagenesis of DOM through soils. These data suggest that changes in the timing of snowmelt and hydrologic connectedness within a watershed affect seasonal changes in stream DOM character. We suggest that watersheds with deep glacial till parent materials have stream connectivity limited by subsurface flow paths, with stream DOM character being determined largely by slow melt and a longer period of infiltration.
Noninvasive fluid bubble detection based on capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers
Authors: Yuan Jiawei , Li Zhikang , Ma Qi , Li Jie , Li Zixuan , Zhao Yihe , Qin Shaohui , Shi Xuan , Zhao Libo , Yang Ping , Luo Guoxi , Wang Xiaozhang , Teh Kwok Siong , Jiang Zhuangde 
Published: February 2023

AbstractUltrasonic fluid bubble detection is important in industrial controls, aerospace systems and clinical medicine because it can prevent fatal mechanical failures and threats to life. However, current ultrasonic technologies for bubble detection are based on conventional bulk PZT-based transducers, which suffer from large size, high power consumption and poor integration with ICs and thus are unable to implement real-time and long-term monitoring in tight physical spaces, such as in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) systems and dialysis machines or hydraulic systems in aircraft. This work highlights the prospect of capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (CMUTs) in the aforementioned application situations based on the mechanism of received voltage variation caused by bubble-induced acoustic energy attenuation. The corresponding theories are established and well validated using finite element simulations. The fluid bubbles inside a pipe with a diameter as small as 8 mm are successfully measured using our fabricated CMUT chips with a resonant frequency of 1.1 MHz. The received voltage variation increases significantly with increasing bubble radii in the range of 0.5–2.5 mm. Further studies show that other factors, such as bubble positions, flow velocities, fluid medium types, pipe thicknesses and diameters, have negligible effects on fluid bubble measurement, demonstrating the feasibility and robustness of the CMUT-based ultrasonic bubble detection technique.
Targeting pyroptosis in breast cancer: biological functions and therapeutic potentials on It
Authors: Chen Cong , Ye Qianwei , Wang Linbo , Zhou Jichun , Xiang Aizhai , Lin Xia , Guo Jufeng , Hu Shufang , Rui Tao , Liu Jian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPyroptosis is a lytic and inflammatory type of programmed cell death that is mediated by Gasdermin proteins (GSDMs). Attractively, recent evidence indicates that pyroptosis involves in the development of tumors and can serve as a new strategy for cancer treatment. Here, we present a basic knowledge of pyroptosis, and an overview of the expression patterns and roles of GSDMs in breast cancer. In addition, we further summarize the available evidence of pyroptosis in breast cancer progression and give insight into the clinical potential of applying pyroptosis in anticancer strategies for breast cancer. This review will deepen our understanding of the relationship between pyroptosis and breast cancer, and provide a novel potential therapeutic avenue for breast cancer.
De novo tissue formation using custom microporous annealed particle hydrogel provides long-term vocal fold augmentation
Authors: Pruett Lauren J. , Kenny Hannah L. , Swift William M. , Catallo Katarina J. , Apsel Zoe R. , Salopek Lisa S. , Scumpia Philip O. , Cottler Patrick S. , Griffin Donald R. , Daniero James J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBiomaterial-enabled de novo formation of non-fibrotic tissue in situ would provide an important tool to physicians. One example application, glottic insufficiency, is a debilitating laryngeal disorder wherein vocal folds do not fully close, resulting in difficulty speaking and swallowing. Preferred management of glottic insufficiency includes bulking of vocal folds via injectable fillers, however, the current options have associated drawbacks including inflammation, accelerated resorption, and foreign body response. We developed a novel iteration of microporous annealed particle (MAP) scaffold designed to provide persistent augmentation. Following a 14-month study of vocal fold augmentation using a rabbit vocal paralysis model, most MAP scaffolds were replaced with tissue de novo that matched the mixture of fibrotic and non-fibrotic collagens of the contralateral vocal tissue. Further, persistent tissue augmentation in MAP-treated rabbits was observed via MRI and via superior vocal function at 14 months relative to the clinical standard.