bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Land Surface Temperature (LST) and Ground Air Temperature (Tair) on Land Use and Land Cover (LULC): An Investigative Study
Authors: Balas Duda B. , Tiwari Mukesh Kumar , Trivedi Mukesh , Patel Gautam R. 
Published: September 2023

The Land Surface Temperature (LST) is the fundamental concept of measuring the temperature of the ground or soil using remote sensing technologies. LST is an essential environmental parameter that has several uses in meteorology, climatology, agriculture, urban planning, and environmental monitoring. Remote sensing instruments, such as thermal infrared sensors aboard satellites, provide the means to capture LST data on a global scale. LST and ground air temperature ( ) are two related but distinct measures that provide valuable insights into different aspects: LST refers to the temperature of the Earth's surface, and it provides information about the temperature of the soil or crop canopy, which can impact plant growth and development, on the other hand measures the temperature of the surrounding air, which influences the rate of evaporation, transpiration, and photosynthesis in plants. In this study, a linear regression equation was developed to correlate the LST and using air temperature data of 19th March 2017, and 14th March 2021 from the two meteorological stations namely Veganpur and Main Maize Research Station (MMRS) of the Godhra region. The Landsat 8 thermal and optical bands were used to estimate LST, whereas Sentinel 2 optical data was used for the Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) purpose. To correlate LST with , eight ground truth (GT) points were collected from both stations, namely the minimum and maximum air temperatures in 2017 and 2021. The satellite derived LST data and the maximum ground air temperature ( ) were found to strongly concur, with an R2 value of 0.97. It was noted that a temperature difference of 2.9°C was found between the maximum ground air temperature and the Land Surface Temperature (LST). Study showed that from 2017 to 2021, the area used for agriculture, forestry, water bodies, and barren land decreased from 75.62 to 71.51%, 15.17 to 14.30%, 1.60 to 1.38%, and 0.03 to 0.02%, respectively, however the area used for build-up increased from 7.59 to 12.79%. During a five-year period, the study identified an enhancement in Land Surface Temperature (LST) due to an increase in built-up area. A temperature change was also seen throughout the course of the five-year period as a result of variations in LULC. Overall, it came to light that, under specific conditions and speculation, LST estimated using thermal data from Landsat 8 can be closely associated with ground air maximum temperature.
Concordance of the ACR TI-RADS Classification With Bethesda Scoring and Histopathology Risk Stratification of Thyroid Nodules
Authors: Huang Elaine Y. F. , Kao Nern Hoong , Lin Snow Yunni , Jang Isabelle J. H. , Kiong Kimberley Liqin , See Anna , Venkatanarasimha Nanda , Lee Kristen Alexa , Lim Chwee Ming 
Published: September 2023

ImportanceAlthough most thyroid nodules are benign, 10% to 15% of them harbor cancer. Thyroid ultrasonography is useful for risk stratification of nodules, and American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR TI-RADS) classification provides recommendations for fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) based on objective ultrasonographic features of these nodules.ObjectiveTo validate the concordance of ACR TI-RADS classification with Bethesda classification and histopathology.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study was performed to evaluate the concordance of ACR TI-RADS classification with Bethesda classification and histopathology and was conducted in Singapore General Hospital Outpatient Otolaryngology clinic in March 2021 to May 2021. Data analysis was performed in May 2021.Main Outcomes and MeasuresResults were deemed concordant when ACR TI-RADS recommendations aligned with Bethesda scores. Conversely, results were classified as nonconcordant with Bethesda scores and/or histopathology results when nodules that were recommended for FNAC yielded benign results or nodules that were not recommended for FNAC yielded malignant results.ResultsA total of 446 patients (370 women [83%]; mean [range] age, 60 [24-89] years) who underwent ultrasonography of the thyroid and ultrasonography-guided thyroid FNACs were identified. A total of 492 of 630 nodules (78.1%) were benign on FNAC (Bethesda II). Score 3 ACR TI-RADS nodules yielded the highest negative predictive values: 94.6% (95% CI, 92.9%-95.9%; P &amp;lt; .001) compared with Bethesda scoring and 100.0% (95% CI, 15.8%-100.0%; P = .003) compared with histopathology. Score 4 or 5 ACR TI-RADS nodules yielded positive predictive values of 2.8% and 16.2%, respectively, compared with Bethesda scoring and 6.1% and 66.7%, respectively, compared with histopathology. Small (&amp;lt;1.5 cm) ACR TI-RADS nodules of scores of 4 and 5 that were not recommended for FNAC yielded a malignant risk of 5.7% and 25.0% on Bethesda 5 and 6, respectively. On surgical excision, 5 of 46 (10.9%) ACR TI-RADS 4 nodules and 15 of 21 (71.4%) of ACR TI-RADS 5 nodules were confirmed to be malignant. Among nodules initially not recommended for FNAC, histopathology-proven cancer was found in 4 of 13 (30.7%) and 3 of 6 (50.0%) of nodules, respectively.Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that ACR TI-RADS score 3 nodules have a low risk of cancer and should be considered for FNAC only if nodules are 2.5 cm or larger. Patients with small (&amp;lt;1.5 cm) ACR TI-RADS 4 and 5 nodules should be appropriately counseled for FNAC to exclude cancer.
Limbic network co‐localization predicts pharmacoresistance in dysplasia‐related epilepsy
Authors: Cohen Nathan T. , Chang Phat , Gholipour Taha , Oluigbo Chima , Vezina L. Gilbert , Xie Hua , Zhang Anqing , Gaillard William D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTo evaluate the role of focal cortical dysplasia co‐localization to cortical functional networks in the development of pharmacoresistance. One hundred thirty‐six focal cortical dysplasia patients with 3.0 T or 1.5 T MRI were identified from clinical databases at Children's National Hospital. Clinico‐radio‐pathologic factors and network co‐localization were determined. Using binomial logistic regression, limbic network co‐localization (odds ratio 4.164 95% confidence interval 1.02–17.08,p = 0.048), and focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures (4.82, 1.30–18.03,p = 0.019) predicted pharmacoresistance. These findings provide clinicians with markers to identify patients with focal cortical dysplasia‐related epilepsy at high risk of developing pharmacoresistance and should facilitate earlier epilepsy surgical evaluation.
Highly Malleable Personalized Prostheses with Hierarchical Microstructure Boost the Long‐Term Osteointegration in Irregular Craniofacial Reconstruction
Authors: Liu Quanying , Tong Lei , Chen Manyu , Wang Peilei , Luo En , Liang Jie , Zhang Xingdong , Fan Yujiang , Sun Yong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe desired clinical bone prostheses should achieve satisfactory interface integration and osteoinduction, as well as good surgical convenience. Here, a highly malleable 3D printed prosthesis with compressive strength at 13 MPa is constructed by dopamine, polyvinyl alcohol, and micro‐sized hydroxyapatite (86 wt%) as composite bioinks, which is endowed with good plasticity and can quickly match irregular defects by easily trimming. Spatially decorated collagen and hyaluronan greatly enriched the hierarchical microstructure and biological activity of malleable prosthesis. This prosthesis accelerates the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of stem cells, regulates M2 polarization of macrophage, and promotes endogenous stem cell recruitment and early angiogenesis. Meanwhile, it significantly reinforces biomineralized deposition and vascularization, reaches full coverage of new bone in the rabbit cranial defect after 15 weeks (Φ = 10 mm), and achieves well osseointegration capacity with interfacial binding strength at 71.2% of the natural skull. This osteoinductive prosthesis provides a new design idea for bone filling.
Magnetically Actuated Adhesives with Switchable Adhesion
Authors: Zhao Jinsheng , Lu Taiping , Zhang Yixing , Zhang Chong , Pan Chengfeng , Tan Yu , Zhu Jiaqi , Li Bing , Zhang Li , Shi Mingxing , Li Xiangyu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSmart adhesives with the ability to rapidly switch, achieve high adhesion tuning ratios, and provide precise control hold tremendous potential in various fields ranging from micromanipulation to manufacturing. Despite significant progress, an efficient and robust adhesive switch remains a rarity. In this study, a design strategy for magnetically actuated adhesives that exhibit switchable adhesion between high and low levels exceeding 50 times is proposed. The non‐contact actuation of the magnetic field induces a pre‐designed deformation of the magnetic tentacles, resulting in both interface cracks at the adhesion interface and a push force on the target object. Consequently, the pull‐off force can be precisely adjusted according to the strength of the magnetic field. This proposed adhesive also exhibits ultrafast detachment (<1.0 s). Tentative experiments are conducted for transfer‐print technology and on‐demand detachment, which demonstrate the advantages of magnetically actuated adhesives in a non‐contact manner. The proposed strategy of switching adhesion may be particularly useful for practical applications that require highly precise and swiftly controlled movements.
4D Oriented Dynamic Scaffold for Promoting Peripheral Nerve Regeneration and Functional Recovery
Authors: Sun Mouyuan , You Dongqi , Zhan Ning , Liu Chao , Zhang Xiaoting , Lin Lining , Zhang Jingyu , Lou Yiting , Chen Yuewei , Liu Chundi , Wang Huiming , He Yong , Yu Mengfei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNeurological function recovery after peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is exceptionally challenging, chiefly because neurons cannot efficiently proliferate, differentiate, and form regenerated axons to pass through the defect region expeditiously and transmit neurological signals. In this study, a four‐dimensional (4D) oriented dynamic scaffold is constructed based on shape memory polymer (SMP), which can regulate spatiotemporally controllable neuronal early adequate proliferation, subsequently effective differentiation and axon formation by synergizing the on‐demand microtopography and deformation force‐based mechanical stimuli (DFMS). This dynamic scaffold can accelerate the restoration of large segmental nerve defects, elevate the neural signaling efficiency by 60% compared with static scaffold, and finally form the functionalized robust regenerating nerve fascicles with comparable therapeutic effects on autologous nerve transplantation. Furthermore, the crucial role of Piezo1/Camk2b modulated neuronal differentiation and axon extension is also revealed through deep transcriptomic analysis. In summary, the 4D oriented dynamic scaffold can precisely and remotely regulate neuronal behavior and fate in a non‐invasive way, which has excellent potential for clinical application in peripheral nerve restoration.
Self‐Smoothing Deposition Behavior Enabled by Beneficial Potential Compensating for Highly Reversible Zn‐Metal Anodes
Authors: Li Jianwen , Zhou Shuang , Chen Yining , Meng Xinyu , Azizi Alireza , He Qiong , Li Hang , Chen Liang , Han Chao , Pan Anqiang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRealizing compact dendrite‐free zinc (Zn) plating is crucial to avoiding premature battery failure caused by internal short‐circuits, which is highly determined by the interface electric field (ψi) distribution. Herein, a concept of “potential compensating” is shown on Zn anodes to stimulate its self‐smoothing deposition behavior for durable batteries. A homogeneous ψi with elevated potential intensity is successfully built at the Zn/electrolyte interface via the selective adsorption of highly polarized propylene glycol (PG) molecules, which facilitate the formation of dense and uniform Zn electroplating patterns. Moreover, the PG additive can simultaneously reshape the structure of Zn2+‐solvation sheath and immobilize the H‐bonding networks in bulk electrolyte, enabling Zn anodes with exceptional electrochemical reversibility (99.6%) and ultralong calendar life (3500 h), as revealed by joint spectroscopic and electrochemical analyses. More importantly, full cells with PG safeguard can deliver desirable cycling stability even at an elevated temperature (50 °C) and low N/P ratios (cathode mass loading up to 14.38 mg cm−2). This study presents new insight into the rational design of stable practical electrolytes and interfacial chemistry regulation for sustainable zinc batteries.
Tailoring Lignin‐Derived Porous Carbon Toward High‐Energy Lithium‐Ion Capacitor Through Varying Sp2‐ and Sp3‐Hybridized Bonding
Authors: Peng Qifan , Wang Kai , Gong Yue , Zhang Xudong , Xu Yanan , Ma Yibo , Zhang Xiong , Sun Xianzhong , Ma Yanwei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLignin‐derived porous carbon (LPC) shows great potential as electrode material for supercapacitors. However, precise control over the pore structure during the conventional carbonization–activation process remains challenging. Here, a molecular‐level strategy to tailor the pore structure through tuning inter‐/intra‐molecular bonding of lignin in a pre‐carbonization process is shown. Based on operando pyrolysis analysis, a molecular evolution model is proposed to elucidate the relationship between pre‐carbonization and the resulting porosity of LPC. Lignin undergoes a condensation process with an increase of sp2‐hybridized carbon bonding during pre‐carbonization, causing the extension of polycyclic aromatic structure and leading to an increased mesopore volume in the final porous carbon. The variation in the content ratio of sp2‐ and sp3‐hybridized carbon bonding provides insights into the spatial structure evolution of pre‐carbonized lignin, which correlates well with changes in the porous structure of LPC. The LPCs show ultrahigh specific surface area up to 3219 m2 g−1 and tailored meso‐/micropore distribution. The lithium‐ion capacitor full‐cell tests demonstrate the great potential of LPCs in energy storage applications with superior energy density and power density. This work provides a feasible strategy to precisely design the microstructure of LPC, offering promising prospects for energy storage technologies.
Self‐Assembled Virus‐Like Particle Vaccines via Fluorophilic Interactions Enable Infection Mimicry and Immune Protection
Authors: Xia Yinhe , Liu Kai , Wang Fei , Xu Zhou , Wang Yuesheng , Zong Rongling , Xu Yemin , Li Ping , Deng Bin , Xu Maolei , Chen Gang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractInfluenza epidemics persistently threaten global health. Vaccines based on virus‐like particles (VLPs), which resemble the native conformation of viruses, have emerged as vaccine candidates. However, the production of VLPs via genetic engineering remains constrained by challenges such as low yields, high costs, and being time consuming. In this study, a novel VLP platform is developed that could mimic infection and confer influenza protection through fluorination‐driven self‐assembly. The VLPs closely mimick the key steps in viral infection including dendritic cell (DC) attachment and pH‐responsive endo‐lysosomal escape, which enhances DC maturation and antigen cross‐presentation. It is also observed that the VLPs migrate from the injection site to the draining lymph nodes efficiently. Immunization with VLPs triggers both Th1 and Th2 cellular responses, thereby inducing an improved CD8+ T cell response along with strong antigen‐specific antibody responses. In several infected mouse models, VLP vaccines ameliorate weight loss, lung virus titers, pulmonary pathologies, and confer full protection against H1N1, H6N2, H9N2, and mixed influenza viruses. Therefore, the results support the potential of VLPs as an effective influenza vaccine with improved immune potency against infection. A methodology to generate VLPs based on fluorophilic interactions, which can be a general approach for development of pathogenic VLPs, is reported.
Multifunctional Nanofibrous Scaffolds Capable of Localized Delivery of Theranostic Nanoparticles for Postoperative Cancer Management
Authors: Guo Lin , Zhao Qilong , Zheng Li‐wu , Wang Min 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPostoperative recovery of cancer patients can be affected by complications, such as tissue dysfunction or disability caused by tissue resection, and also cancer recurrence resulting from residual cancer cells. Despite impressive progress made for tissue engineering scaffolds that assist tissue regeneration for postoperative cancer patients, the majority of existing tissue engineering scaffolds still lack functions for monitoring and killing residual cancer cells, if there are any, upon their detection. In this study, multifunctional scaffolds that comprise biodegradable nanofibers and core–shell structured microspheres encapsulated with theranostic nanoparticles (NPs) are developed. The multifunctional scaffolds possess an extracellular matrix‐like nanofibrous architecture and soft tissue‐like mechanical properties, making them excellent tissue engineering patch candidates for assisting in the repair and regeneration of tissues at the cancerous sites after surgery. Furthermore, they are capable of localized delivery of theranostic NPs upon quick degradation of core–shell structured microspheres that contain theranostic NPs. Leveraging on folic acid‐mediated ligand‐receptor binding, surface‐enhanced Raman scattering activity, and near‐infrared‐responsive photothermal effect of the theranostic gold NPs (AuNPs) delivered locally, the multifunctional scaffolds display excellent active targeting, diagnosis, and photothermal therapy functions for cancer cells, showing great promise for adaptive postoperative cancer management.
Scalable Electrodeposition of Liquid Metal from an Acetonitrile‐Based Electrolyte for Highly Integrated Stretchable Electronics
Authors: Monnens Wouter , Zhang Bokai , Zhou Zhenyu , Snels Laurens , Binnemans Koen , Molina‐Lopez Francisco , Fransaer Jan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe advancement of highly integrated stretchable electronics requires the development of scalable sub‐micrometer conductor patterning. Eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn) is an attractive conductor for stretchable electronics, as its liquid metallic character grants it high electrical conductivity upon deformation. However, its high surface tension makes its patterning with sub‐micrometer resolution challenging. In this work, this limitation is overcome by way of the electrodeposition of EGaIn. A non‐aqueous acetonitrile‐based electrolyte that exhibits high electrochemical stability and chemical orthogonality is used. The electrodeposited material leads to low‐resistance lines that remain stable upon (repeated) stretching to a 100% strain. Because electrodeposition benefits from the resolution of mature nanofabrication methods used to pattern the base metal, the proposed “bottom‐up” approach achieves a record‐high density integration of EGaIn regular lines of 300 nm half‐pitch on an elastomer substrate by plating on a gold seed layer prepatterned by nanoimprinting. Moreover, vertical integration is enabled by filling high‐aspect‐ratio vias. This capability is conceptualized by the fabrication of an omnidirectionally stretchable 3D electronic circuit, and demonstrates a soft‐electronic analog of the stablished damascene process used to fabricate microchip interconnects. Overall, this work proposes a simple route to address the challenge of metallization in highly integrated (3D) stretchable electronics.
Near‐Infrared Light‐Driven Photocatalysis with an Emphasis on Two‐Photon Excitation: Concepts, Materials, and Applications
Authors: Han Chuang , Kundu Bidyut Kumar , Liang Yujun , Sun Yujie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEfficient utilization of sunlight in photocatalysis is widely recognized as a promising solution for addressing the growing energy demand and environmental issues resulting from fossil fuel consumption. Recently, there have been significant developments in various near‐infrared (NIR) light‐harvesting systems for artificial photosynthesis and photocatalytic environmental remediation. This review provides an overview of the most recent advancements in the utilization of NIR light through the creation of novel nanostructured materials and molecular photosensitizers, as well as modulating strategies to enhance the photocatalytic processes. A special focus is given to the emerging two‐photon excitation NIR photocatalysis. The unique features and limitations of different systems are critically evaluated. In particular, it highlights the advantages of utilizing NIR light and two‐photon excitation compared to UV–visible irradiation and one‐photon excitation. Ongoing challenges and potential solutions for the future exploration of NIR light‐responsive materials are also discussed.
When JV Curves Conceal Material Improvements: The Relevance of Photoluminescence Measurements in the Optimization of Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Dreessen Chris , Zanoni Kassio P. S. , Gil‐Escrig Lidón , Rodkey Nathan , Khan Jafar I. , Laquai Frédéric , Sessolo Michele , Roldán‐Carmona Cristina , Bolink Henk J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLead halide perovskites have prompted great interest, offering impressive photovoltaic performances. Most fundamental investigations and cell optimizations focus on solution‐based solar cells, which are not easily extended to larger scales. Commonly in these cells, losses in the open‐circuit voltage are attributed to arise primarily from interface recombination, and therefore the most studies have focused on optimization of the surface to eliminate defects states. In contrast, thermal evaporation is an alternative, solvent‐free, and scalable method to deposit lead halide perovskites that is gaining attention. However, the number of reports showing high‐efficiency solar cells (> 20%) prepared using thermal evaporation is still small. Here, the origins of non‐radiative charge carrier recombination are investigated in perovskite cells that are deposited via thermal co‐evaporation. This is done through a combination of photoluminescence spectroscopy, current‐voltage characterization, and simulations. It is found that the non‐radiative recombination in these cells is caused equally by bulk and interface defects. In general, it is advocated to perform a dual analysis of the photoluminescence spectroscopy of both the film and the photovoltaic device, in conjunction with current‐voltage measurements. It is emphasized that such a dual analysis is needed to enable the identification of improvements and to unlock further advancements in this technology.