bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
End-of-life care costs and place of death across health and social care sectors
Authors: Wang Jiunn , Shand Jenny , Gomes Manuel 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesThis study explores the relationship between end-of-life care costs and place of death across different health and social care sectors.MethodsWe used a linked local government and health data of East London residents (n=4661) aged 50 or over, deceased between 2016 and 2020. Individuals who died in hospital were matched to those who died elsewhere according to a wide range of demographic, socioeconomic and health factors. We reported mean healthcare costs and 95% CIs by care sectors over the 12-month period before death. Subgroup analyses were conducted to investigate if the role of place of death differs according to long-term conditions and age.ResultsWe found that mean difference in total cost between hospital and non-hospital decedents was £4565 (95% CI £3132 to £6046). Hospital decedents were associated with higher hospital cost (£5196, £4499 to £5905), higher mental healthcare cost (£283, £78 to £892) and lower social care cost (−£838, −£1,209 to −£472), compared with individuals who died elsewhere. Subgroup analysis shows that the association between place of death and healthcare costs differs by age and long-term conditions, including cancer, mental health and cardiovascular diseases.ConclusionThis study suggests that trajectories of end-of-life healthcare costs vary by place of death in a differential way across health and social care sectors. High hospital burden for cancer patients may be alleviated by strengthening healthcare provision in less cost-intensive settings, such as community and social care.
Amenity complexity and urban locations of socio-economic mixing
Authors: Juhász Sándor , Pintér Gergő , Kovács Ádám J. , Borza Endre , Mónus Gergely , Lőrincz László , Lengyel Balázs 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCities host diverse people and their mixing is the engine of prosperity. In turn, segregation and inequalities are common features of most cities and locations that enable the meeting of people with different socio-economic status are key for urban inclusion. In this study, we adopt the concept of economic complexity to quantify the sophistication of amenity supply at urban locations. We propose that neighborhood complexity and amenity complexity are connected to the ability of locations to attract diverse visitors from various socio-economic backgrounds across the city. We construct the measures of amenity complexity based on the local portfolio of diverse and non-ubiquitous amenities in Budapest, Hungary. Socio-economic mixing at visited third places is investigated by tracing the daily mobility of individuals and by characterizing their status by the real-estate price of their home locations. Results suggest that measures of ubiquity and diversity of amenities do not, but neighborhood complexity and amenity complexity are correlated with the urban centrality of locations. Urban centrality is a strong predictor of socio-economic mixing, but both neighborhood complexity and amenity complexity add further explanatory power to our models. Our work combines urban mobility data with economic complexity thinking to show that the diversity of non-ubiquitous amenities, central locations, and the potentials for socio-economic mixing are interrelated.
Non-geometric pumping effects on the performance of interacting quantum-dot heat engines
Authors: Monsel Juliette , Schulenborg Jens , Splettstoesser Janine 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPeriodically driven quantum dots can act as counterparts of cyclic thermal machines at the nanoscale. In the slow-driving regime of geometric pumping, such machines have been shown to operate in analogy to a Carnot cycle. For larger driving frequencies, which are required to increase the cooling power, the efficiency of the operation decreases. Up to which frequency a close-to-optimal performance is still possible depends on the magnitude and sign of on-site electron–electron interaction. Extending our previous detailed study on cyclic quantum-dot refrigerators [Phys. Rev. B 106, 035405 (2022)], we here find that the optimal cooling power remains constant up to weak interaction strength compared to the cold-bath temperature. By contrast, the work cost depends on the interaction via the dot’s charge relaxation rate, as the latter sets the typical driving frequency for the onset of non-geometric pumping contributions.
Data from RLY-4008, the First Highly Selective FGFR2 Inhibitor with Activity across <i>FGFR2</i> Alterations and Resistance Mutations
Authors: Subbiah Vivek , Sahai Vaibhav , Maglic Dejan , Bruderek Kamil , Touré B. Barry , Zhao Songping , Valverde Roberto , O'Hearn Patrick J. , Moustakas Demetri T. , Schönherr Heike , Gerami-Moayed Nastaran , Taylor Alexander M. , Hudson Brandi M. , Houde Damian J. , Pal Debjani , Foster Lindsey , Gunaydin Hakan , Ayaz Pelin , Sharon Dina A. , Goyal Lipika , Schram Alison M. , Kamath Suneel , Sherwin Cori Ann , Schmidt-Kittler Oleg , Jen Kai Yu , Ricard Fabien , Wolf Beni B. , Shaw David E. , Bergstrom Donald A. , Watters James , Casaletto Jessica B. 
Published: September 2023

<div>Abstract<p>Oncogenic activation of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) drives multiple cancers and represents a broad therapeutic opportunity, yet selective targeting of FGFR2 has not been achieved. Although the clinical efficacy of pan-FGFR inhibitors (pan-FGFRi) validates <i>FGFR2</i> driver status in <i>FGFR2</i> fusion–positive intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, their benefit is limited by incomplete target coverage due to FGFR1- and FGFR4-mediated toxicities (hyperphosphatemia and diarrhea, respectively) and the emergence of <i>FGFR2</i> resistance mutations. RLY-4008 is a highly selective, irreversible FGFR2 inhibitor designed to overcome these limitations. <i>In vitro</i>, RLY-4008 demonstrates >250- and >5,000-fold selectivity over FGFR1 and FGFR4, respectively, and targets primary alterations and resistance mutations. <i>In vivo</i>, RLY-4008 induces regression in multiple xenograft models—including models with <i>FGFR2</i> resistance mutations that drive clinical progression on current pan-FGFRi—while sparing FGFR1 and FGFR4. In early clinical testing, RLY-4008 induced responses without clinically significant off-isoform FGFR toxicities, confirming the broad therapeutic potential of selective FGFR2 targeting.</p>Significance:<p>Patients with <i>FGFR2</i>-driven cancers derive limited benefit from pan-FGFRi due to multiple FGFR1–4-mediated toxicities and acquired <i>FGFR2</i> resistance mutations. RLY-4008 is a highly selective FGFR2 inhibitor that targets primary alterations and resistance mutations and induces tumor regression while sparing other FGFRs, suggesting it may have broad therapeutic potential.</p></div>
A Wrinkle in TIME: How Changes in the Aging ECM Drive the Remodeling of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment
Authors: Harper Elizabeth I. , Weeraratna Ashani T. 
Published: September 2023

Summary:
Cancer is an age-related disease, with the majority of patients receiving their diagnosis after the age of 60 and most mortality from cancer occurring after this age. The tumor microenvironment changes drastically with age, which in turn affects cancer progression and treatment efficacy. Age-related changes to individual components of the microenvironment have received well-deserved attention over the past few decades, but the effects of aging at the interface of two or more microenvironmental components have been vastly understudied. In this perspective, we discuss the relationship between the aging extracellular matrix and the aging immune system, how they affect the tumor microenvironment, and how these multidisciplinary studies may open avenues for new therapeutics. Cancer is a disease of aging. With a rapidly aging population, we need to better understand the age-related changes that drive tumor progression, ranging from secreted changes to biophysical and immune changes.
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cells Regulate NLRP3 Activation to Generate a Tolerogenic Microenvironment
Authors: Amo-Aparicio Jesus , Dominguez Adrian , Atif Shaikh M. , Dinarello Alberto , Azam Tania , Alula Kibrom M. , Piper Miles , Lieu Christopher H. , Lentz Robert W. , Leal Alexis D. , Bagby Stacey M. , Messersmith Wells A. , Karam Sana D. , Dinarello Charles A. , Pitts Todd M. , Marchetti Carlo 
Published: September 2023

Defining feature of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) that participates in the high mortality rate and drug resistance is the immune-tolerant microenvironment which enables tumors to progress unabated by adaptive immunity. In this study, we report that PDAC cells release CSF-1 to induce nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) activation in myeloid cells. Increased NLRP3 expression was found in the pancreas of patients with PDAC when compared with normal pancreas which correlated with the formation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Using human primary cells and an orthotopic PDAC mouse model, we show that NLRP3 activation is responsible for the maturation and release of the inflammatory cytokine IL1β which selectively drives Th2-type inflammation via COX2/PGE2 induction. As a result of this inflammation, primary tumors were characterized by reduced cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell activation and increased tumor expansion. Genetic deletion and pharmacologic inhibition of NLRP3 enabled the development of Th1 immunity, increased intratumoral levels of IL2, CD8+ T cell–mediated tumor suppression, and ultimately limited tumor growth. In addition, we observed that NLRP3 inhibition in combination with gemcitabine significantly increased the efficacy of the chemotherapy. In conclusion, this study provides a mechanism by which tumor-mediated NLRP3 activation exploits a distinct adaptive immunity response that facilitates tumor escape and progression. Considering the ability to block NLRP3 activity with safe and small orally active molecules, this protein represents a new promising target to improve the limited therapeutic options in PDAC.

Significant:
This study provides novel molecular insights on how PDAC cells exploit NLRP3 activation to suppress CD8 T-cell activation. From a translational perspective, we demonstrate that the combination of gemcitabine with the orally active NLRP3 inhibitor OLT1177 increases the efficacy of monotherapy.
Perfil da produção científica sobre música e idosos: uma revisão bibliométrica
Authors: Mendonça Diogo de Souza , Flores-Gomes Gerson , Silva Lydio Roberto , Oliveira Valdomiro de , Vagetti Gislaine Cristina 
Published: September 2023

Contexto: A música tem se mostrado como uma alternativa viável na melhoria e manutenção da qualidade de vida da população idosa. Objetivo: investigar o perfil da produção científica sobre os temas Música e Idosos no período de 2018 e 2022. Método: foi utilizado o método de revisão do tipo bibliométrica, demonstrando as leis de Lotka, Bradford e Zipf. A busca foi realizada com recorte temporal de 2018 a 2022, com os descritores music, oldert adults, elderly, senior e aged em documentos de acesso aberto da base científica Web of Science. Resultados: A busca na base de dados resultou em 1738 documentos, 1479 artigos completos e 135 revisões da literatura. As principais autoras sobre o tema no período foram Daisy Fancourt (Reino Unido) e Felicity Anne Baker (Austrália). Os Estados Unidos da América foi o país mais produtivo. A principal revista foi a Frontiers in psych com 358 publicações no período. As principais palavras-chave foram Music, Music therapy e Dementia. Conclusões: foi possível perceber a música sendo utilizada para tratamento dos Transtornos Neurocognitivos (leve e maior), do mal de Alzheimer, cognição e memória, e que a musicoterapia estudou tratamentos para a qualidade de vida, saúde e bem-estar, particularmente no tratamento dos sintomas de stress, depressão e ansiedade. A consistência dos resultados permite a indicação de revisões sistemáticas da literatura sobre os tratamentos de desordens neurocognitivas a partir do uso de música para população idosa.
Comparison of Ambulatory and Home Blood Pressure Variability for Cardiovascular Prognosis and Biomarkers
Authors: Narita Keisuke , Hoshide Satoshi , Kario Kazuomi 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:
Although blood pressure variability (BPV) is reported to be associated with cardiovascular prognoses, it has not been established whether ambulatory BPV (ABPV; ie, short-term 24-hour BPV) or home BPV (HBPV; day-to-day BPV) is a superior clinical marker.

METHODS:
We analyzed the associations of ABPV and HBPV with cardiovascular prognoses and biomarkers in 1314 hypertensive outpatients who underwent both home and ambulatory BP measurements in the J-HOP study (Japan Morning-Surge Home Blood Pressure). BPV was evaluated by the SD, coefficient of variation, and average real variability of the patients’ 24-hour ambulatory and home systolic BP values.

RESULTS:
During the median 7.0-year follow-up, 109 cardiovascular events occurred. All SD, coefficient of variation, and average real variability values of the HBPV were significantly associated with cardiovascular risk even after adjusting by average 24-hour ambulatory systolic BP and each ABPV value: 1 SD of hazard ratio (95% CI) for the SD, 1.36 (1.14–1.63); coefficient of variation, 1.38 (1.16–1.66); and average real variability 1.29 (1.10–1.51) of HBPV. The ABPV parameters did not exhibit comparable relationships. The cardiovascular risk spline curves showed a trend toward increased risks with increasing HBPV parameters. There were no differences between ABPV and HBPV in the relationships with B-type natriuretic peptide and the urine albumin-creatine ratio.

CONCLUSIONS:
In this comparative analysis of ambulatory and home BP monitoring values in individuals with hypertension, ABPV was not significantly associated with cardiovascular prognosis adjusted by average BP level, and HBPV was suggested to have modest superiority in predicting cardiovascular prognosis compared with ABPV.
Is Discussing Controversial Issues in RE a Magic Bullet to Promote Social Cohesion? Mapping Opportunities and Challenges Based on Previous Research
Authors: Herbst Jan-Hendrik 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In the public debate, it is often argued that RE is important because it promotes social cohesion. In the academic debate, however, this position is controversial because, firstly, this goal is associated with a politicization of RE and, secondly, empirical evidence on whether or how RE causes this effect seems to be lacking. In this article, I argue first that cohesion is an adequate subgoal of RE, assuming a social rather than a state-political understanding of cohesion. Second, I refer to international studies on teaching controversial issues (CIs), which show that students can learn participation, tolerance, and common good orientation through high-quality exploration of CIs in class. However, due to methodological difficulties and negative side effects, the discussion of CIs in RE cannot be assumed to be a magic bullet for achieving cohesion. For instance, uncertainties and ambiguities accompany forms of dissent in the classroom, which may lead to authoritarian dispositions and political intolerance. In addition, there are particular challenges for inclusive and especially denominational RE in terms of teachers, issues, students, and external factors.
Young Adults Doing Lived Theology: Three Modes of Theologising
Authors: Laiho Marjukka 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study asks: “How do young adults theologise?” It explores creative processes of navigating a gap or a wound experienced by Finnish young adults’ between their personal beliefs and values and the Lutheran religious tradition. The dramatic religious decline and change among young adults has been shown in many studies. Here, the situation is explored through co-theologising with young adults. Based on narrative-discursive analysis of reflexive interviews, the study depicts three modes of theologising: 1) Cognitive theologising explores faith expressed in words, 2) Affective theologising focuses on the power of sensing and feeling, and 3) Practical theologising looks at the human potential and capacity to act. The aim of these modes is not to bridge the gap or heal the wound but to describe and understand it. In the end, these ‘acts of theologising’ are put together, pointing to novel methodological approaches embracing uncertainty and doubt, such as holistic theologising.
Judicial Perspectives on Transforming Equality
Authors: Ma Geoffrey 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In law, equality is the antithesis of discrimination. As in many other areas of human rights law, however, the right balance very often has to be achieved between competing arguments which are reasonable on their face but which pull in different directions. How does the law achieve this? Constitutional instruments and statutes of course set out some principles and guidelines, but it is largely left to the courts to determine where the balance lies in any given situation. Such balance can only be reached through a principled, not arbitrary, approach that is ultimately based on the concept of dignity. Such principled approach includes the proportionality exercise.
Empathy, a Hallmark of Equality: Shaping Fearlessness Into Transformative Decision-Making and Teaching
Authors: Kapur Naina 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Whether acting as lawyers, activists, judges, policy makers or academics, there is a void in our equality agendas. This void has enabled the contemporary state to rationalise inequality through the propagation of fear. How can we talk about equality if we do not talk about the current crisis of fear? What shapes our contemporary fears? How might we surpass them? Two contemporary narratives, both from judges, offer the possibility of prevailing over certain kinds of fear to meet equality outcomes. With everything to lose in hostile political circumstances, Justice Attaee’s fearlessness materialises from her lived experiences of inequality from where empathy naturally flows for the benefit of women’s equality against the hostile tide of both Afghan politics and global betrayal. Having never walked ‘in the shoes’ of lgbtqia+ persons, fearlessness for Justice Venkatesh, a deeply conservative judge, is put to the test. Taking on the social fears of himself and others, he cultivates the skill of empathy through the rare and unconventional choice of experiential immersion. Both justices serve as examples for creating inclusive experiential courses on empathy and social context within legal/judicial education institutes and practice, where the lives of those most impacted become central to such learning.
Microverse, Mezzoverse, Macroverse: Protection Against Discrimination in an Artificialised World?
Authors: Muntarbhorn Vitit 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The article addresses the issue of protection against discrimination in an artificialised world, shaped by automation, algorithms and artificial intelligence (ai) and interlinked with digitalisation. While traditionally advocacy against discrimination was based mainly on the call for specific anti-discrimination laws coupled with other actions, there is a more recent entry point in the form of personal data protection laws. These can help to safeguard privacy in relation to personal data which adds to protection against discrimination. However, the right to privacy and the right to freedom of expression (covering data flows) must be balanced well in the process, and the article refers to recent experiences from various regions. The contribution of different stakeholders is essential. Options include regulation by the State, self-regulation by the business sector, co-regulation between a mix of governmental and business-related cooperation, due diligence measures, technical solutions, consumer-based initiatives, specific attention to vulnerabilities, checks and balances against abuse of power, and demonopolisation.
The Audiovisual Mismatch Negativity in Predictive and Non-Predictive Speech Stimuli in Older Adults With and Without Hearing Loss
Authors: Randazzo Melissa , Smith Paul J. , Priefer Ryan , Senzer Deborah R. , Froud Karen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Adults with aging-related hearing loss (ARHL) experience adaptive neural changes to optimize their sensory experiences; for example, enhanced audiovisual (AV) and predictive processing during speech perception. The mismatch negativity (MMN) event-related potential is an index of central auditory processing; however, it has not been explored as an index of AV and predictive processing in adults with ARHL. In a pilot study we examined the AV MMN in two conditions of a passive oddball paradigm — one AV condition in which the visual aspect of the stimulus can predict the auditory percept and one AV control condition in which the visual aspect of the stimulus cannot predict the auditory percept. In adults with ARHL, evoked responses in the AV conditions occurred in the early MMN time window while the older adults with normal hearing showed a later MMN. Findings suggest that adults with ARHL are sensitive to AV incongruity, even when the visual is not predictive of the auditory signal. This suggests that predictive coding for AV speech processing may be heightened in adults with ARHL. This paradigm can be used in future studies to measure treatment related changes, for example via aural rehabilitation, in older adults with ARHL.
Changes in Conversations Across a Century of Popular Cinema
Authors: Cutting James E. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Over the course of a century, filmmakers of popular cinema have composed conversations between two characters in several ways. Here, I investigate three. The oldest but initially rare conversational format occurred in silent movies, placing single characters in alternating shots either at midframe or on the same side of the screen. Next, beginning about 1930, movies began to show dyads with the camera looking over the shoulder of one character, and then reversing to show the other over the shoulder of the first. And finally, by the 1950s they increasingly began to place characters in alternating shots on opposite sides of the screen. I assessed the relative frequencies of these three types in over 60,000 shots in 210 movies released from 1915 to 2015. Each of these yoked-shot pairings increased, and by about 1990 they encompassed more than a third of all shots in popular cinema. But their increases were not uniform and their relative prominence has continually changed almost to the present day. A relevant factor is that mean shot durations decreased from the 1960s into the 2000s. Strikingly, once the average shot duration declined to about 5 s by the 1990s, the durations of same-side character pairings became systematically shorter in duration than opposing-side pairings, likely because of constraints of eye movements.