bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficiency of non-revenue water reduction in improving water supply performance in Indian metropolises
Authors: Bandari Adithya , Sadhukhan Shubhajit 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Many cities around the world face water crisis. Poor management contributes more to water crises than resource constraints. Multiple Indian metropolitan cities face severe water crises. These cities usually have high non-revenue water (NRW) levels. The present study estimates the efficiency of the extent of NRW management to improve per capita water supply (PCS) and cost recovery (CR) in 55 Indian metropolises with more than one million population. The study considered variable-returns-to-scale data envelopment analysis (DEA) using input orientation (I/P DEA). NRW has been used as the input variable, while the PCS and CR are studied as the output variables. The DEA model recommends that reduced NRW levels can address the water crisis in Indian cities. According to the DEA findings, about 38 Indian cities (68.09%) could reduce NRW levels by more than 50% while improving PCS and CR levels substantially. Around 47 cities (85.45%) can fulfil the water supply benchmark value of 135 litres per capita per day (lpcd). Three cities can improve the cost recovery by more than 100%. The findings suggest that water supply utilities in Indian cities should focus on reducing NRW levels substantially to improve the PCS and CR.
Barriers and Facilitators to Implementing a Digital Adherence Technology for Tuberculosis Treatment Supervision in Uganda: Qualitative Study
Authors: Leddy Anna , Ggita Joseph , Berger Christopher A , Kityamuwesi Alex , Sanyu Agnes Nakate , Tinka Lynn Kunihira , Crowder Rebecca , Turyahabwe Stavia , Katamba Achilles , Cattamanchi Adithya 
Published: April 2023

Background
Ensuring the completion of treatment for tuberculosis (TB) remains a key challenge in many high-burden countries. 99DOTS is a low-cost digital adherence technology that has emerged as a promising tool for monitoring and supporting TB treatment completion.

Objective
We aimed to understand the feasibility and acceptability of 99DOTS, a mobile phone–based TB treatment support method, and characterize barriers and facilitators to its implementation during a pragmatic trial in Uganda.

Methods
Between April 1 and August 31, 2021, we conducted in-depth interviews with people with TB and key informant interviews with health workers and district and regional TB officers involved in the implementation of 99DOTS at 18 health facilities in Uganda. Semistructured interview guides were informed by the capability, opportunity, motivation, and behavior (COM-B) model and explored perceptions of, and experiences with, 99DOTS, including barriers and facilitators to its use. Qualitative analysis was conducted using the framework approach.

Results
Interviews were conducted with 30 people with TB, 12 health workers, and 7 TB officers. All people with TB, health workers, and TB officers noted that 99DOTS supported and encouraged people with TB to take their anti-TB medication, facilitated treatment monitoring, and improved relationships between people with TB and health workers. Participants also liked that the platform was free, easy to use, and improved TB treatment outcomes. Barriers to 99DOTS implementation for some people with TB were related to limited literacy, including technology literacy; limited access to electricity to charge their mobile phone to make dosing confirmation calls; and poor network connection. Gender differences in 99DOTS uptake also emerged. Specifically, women with TB were described to be more concerned that 99DOTS use would expose them to TB stigma and to be more likely to have mobile phone–access issues than men with TB. By contrast, men with TB not only had access to mobile phones but also received substantial support from their female partners to take their anti-TB medication and make 99DOTS dosing confirmation calls. Finally, although women with TB were described to face more barriers to 99DOTS use than men with TB, the women’s narratives centered on the ways the platform facilitated and improved their adherence, whereas the men’s narratives did not.

Conclusions
Overall, 99DOTS seems to be a feasible and acceptable strategy to support anti-TB medication adherence in Uganda. However, access to mobile phones, inability to charge mobile phones, and concerns about stigma should be considered and addressed as part of programmatic implementation to maximize uptake among all people with TB, particularly women and those with fewer financial resources.
Health-Related Data Sources Accessible to Health Researchers From the US Government: Mapping Review
Authors: Annis Ann , Reaves Crista , Sender Jessica , Bumpus Sherry 
Published: April 2023

Background
Big data from large, government-sponsored surveys and data sets offers researchers opportunities to conduct population-based studies of important health issues in the United States, as well as develop preliminary data to support proposed future work. Yet, navigating these national data sources is challenging. Despite the widespread availability of national data, there is little guidance for researchers on how to access and evaluate the use of these resources.

Objective
Our aim was to identify and summarize a comprehensive list of federally sponsored, health- and health care–related data sources that are accessible in the public domain in order to facilitate their use by researchers.

Methods
We conducted a systematic mapping review of government sources of health-related data on US populations and with active or recent (previous 10 years) data collection. The key measures were government sponsor, overview and purpose of data, population of interest, sampling design, sample size, data collection methodology, type and description of data, and cost to obtain data. Convergent synthesis was used to aggregate findings.

Results
Among 106 unique data sources, 57 met the inclusion criteria. Data sources were classified as survey or assessment data (n=30, 53%), trends data (n=27, 47%), summative processed data (n=27, 47%), primary registry data (n=17, 30%), and evaluative data (n=11, 19%). Most (n=39, 68%) served more than 1 purpose. The population of interest included individuals/patients (n=40, 70%), providers (n=15, 26%), and health care sites and systems (n=14, 25%). The sources collected data on demographic (n=44, 77%) and clinical information (n=35, 61%), health behaviors (n=24, 42%), provider or practice characteristics (n=22, 39%), health care costs (n=17, 30%), and laboratory tests (n=8, 14%). Most (n=43, 75%) offered free data sets.

Conclusions
A broad scope of national health data is accessible to researchers. These data provide insights into important health issues and the nation’s health care system while eliminating the burden of primary data collection. Data standardization and uniformity were uncommon across government entities, highlighting a need to improve data consistency. Secondary analyses of national data are a feasible, cost-efficient means to address national health concerns.
Pemeriksaan Asam Urat pada Pembina dan Pengurus Pondok Tahfizul Qur’an As-Syuhada Fi Sabilillah, Makassar
Authors: Mus Rosdiana , Agustina Titin 
Published: April 2023

Asam urat sebagai hasil metabolisme purin dalam tubuh dapat disebabkan oleh kelebihan produksi asam urat atau terhambatnya eksresi asam urat oleh ginjal melalui urine. Seseorang dikategorikan hiperuricemi apabila pada pemeriksaan laboratorium diperoleh kadar asam urat di atas 7 mg/dL untuk laki-laki dan 6 mg/dL untuk perempuan.Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yaitu pemeriksaan asam urat pada pembina dan pengurus Pondok Tahfizul Qur’an As-Syuhada Fi Sabilillah, Makassar. Metode kegiatan dilakukan dengan mengambil sampel darah kapiler dan dilakukan pemeriksaan dengan menggunakan strip. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa dari 16 responden didapatkan 3 responden mempunyai kadar asam urat lebih dari nilai normal dengan 1 subjek perempuan dan 2 subjek laki-laki.
Alterações bucais em pacientes com ventilação mecânica
Authors: Menezes Rita Maria Gama Albuquerque Leão de , Barros Leticia Oliveira Gomes de , Barros Valmir Silva Gomes de , Menezes Luis Antonio Gama Albuquerque Leão de , Peixoto Fernanda Braga 
Published: April 2023

Objetivo: Compreender quais as alterações bucais em pacientes com ventilação mecânica e a importância do cirurgião no controle e prevenção dessas alterações. Revisão bibliográfica: Das alterações bucais observadas nesses pacientes, destaca-se a hipossalivação/xerostomia. É evidente a necessidade da odontologia hospitalar tais como profissional da odontologia e da equipe multidisciplinar na unidade de terapia intensiva para valia do diagnóstico das alterações bucais, cuidados, como também monitoramento da saúde e higiene bucal, melhorando assim a condição de saúde. Considerações finais: Em concordância com a literatura, conclui-se que o desempenho do cirurgião é de suma importância no controle e prevenção das alterações bucais em pacientes na UTI, podendo reduzir também o período de internação, incluindo também a redução de custos. O biofilme nesses pacientes é provocado pela patologia respiratória, resultando em maior chance ocorrer doença periodontal. Com a correta prevenção, instrução e treinamento é possível diminuir o desenvolvimento bacteriano, tendo por conclusão também que a clorexidina e óleos essenciais tem sua vantagem e prognostico bom ao realizar o seu uso.
A influência da posição prona no prognóstico de pacientes hospitalizados pela Covid-19
Authors: Almeida Gilvan Barbieri de , Costa Jonas Oliveira , Costa Janice Barbieri , Rodrigues Mariana Delfino 
Published: April 2023

Objetivo: Analisar os efeitos do posicionamento em prona na evolução clínica do paciente com COVID-19, correlacionando evidências que assegurem à manobra, a melhora substancial do paciente. Métodos: Revisão integrativa, com estudos publicados no período entre 2020 a 2022, nas seguintes bases de dados: Scielo, Google acadêmico, PubMed, Science Research, tendo como questão norteadora: “Em que medida a posição prona pode influenciar na melhora do tratamento em pacientes com Covid-19?”. Após a leitura e seleção, o percurso do estudo foi ilustrado por um fluxograma e quadro expondo os principais resultados. Resultados: Em análise prévia, os estudos mostraram que o procedimento de prona é uma manobra estudada há mais de quatro décadas, despertando na comunidade científica, interesse em pesquisar sobre seus benefícios e, principalmente, a utilização da manobra em pacientes hospitalizados com Covid-19. Considerações finais: Embora, os resultados sejam favoráveis, ainda não há consenso, por parte dos autores pesquisados, sobre a efetividade da manobra e sua indicação como recurso para pacientes hospitalizados com Covid-19. Assim, será preciso avançar e buscar evidências para então chegar ao consenso de recomendação da prática da manobra como método de tratamento.
Factors Influencing ICT Adoption Among Incubated Small Businesses in Sido Mwanza
Authors: Magambo E. F. , Nyamwesa A. M. , Mgulunde A. A. 
Published: April 2023

Purpose: This study aimed at gaining a deeper understanding of what influences the adoption and use of Information Communication Technology (ICT) by incubating small businesses in SIDO (Small Industries Development Organization) Mwanza.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The researchers used a mixed research design (triangulation). The study used questionnaires and Key Informants Interviews to obtain data from participants in the study. The study used the census to obtain respondents for the questionnaire who are 57 owners of incubated small businesses at SIDO Mwanza and two incubator leaders and purposive sampling to identify KIIs. Multiple linear regression was utilized to analyze data.
Findings: The study found that there is a positive effect of the perceived usefulness of ICT by incubated SBEs on its adoption and use. Small business enterprises (SBEs) are likely to adopt and use ICT when they can easily quantify their benefits to their businesses, improve productivity and lower their operation cost. It was also established that perceived ease of use has a positive influence on ICT adoption and use by incubated SBEs at SIDO Mwanza.
Research Limitation: The participants selected for the study may not be representative of the population of incubated small businesses in Sido Mwanza. The sample may be biased towards businesses that have already adopted ICT or have a positive attitude towards it, which may not be reflective of the overall population.
Practical implication: When SBEs perceived usefulness increases it will literally increase the benefits and reduce the perceived cost. Also, the government should provide funding support to the SBEs.
Policy implication: ICT adoption among incubated small businesses requires a coordinated effort among policymakers, incubators, universities, and other stakeholders to promote the development of effective strategies that can improve the access and use of ICTs among incubated small businesses and promote their growth and success.
Originality / Value: The novelty of ICT adoption among incubated small businesses lies in its potential to transform the traditional model of business incubation by leveraging the power of digital technologies. While business incubation has traditionally focused on providing physical infrastructure, technical assistance, and access to financing, ICT adoption offers a new dimension of support that can enhance the competitiveness and sustainability of incubated small businesses.
Landing Technique and Ankle-dorsiflexion Range of Motion are not Associated with the History of Lower Limb Injuries among Youth Basketball Athletes
Authors: Borges Gomes Luiz Augusto , Alves da Cunha Ronaldo , Dias Lopes Alexandre , Andrelino de Souza Fábio , Cruvinel Costa Felipe , Vicente Andreoli Carlos 
Published: April 2023

Background Lower limb injuries generate a significant health burden in basketball. Landing technique and ankle-dorsiflexion range of motion have been suggested as risk factors for lower limb injuries among youth athletes, but studies conducted specifically with basketball athletes are lacking. Hypothesis/Purpose To describe the period prevalence of basketball-related injuries and to examine the association of the history of lower limb injuries with landing technique and ankle-dorsiflexion range of motion asymmetry among youth basketball athletes. Study Design Cross-Sectional Survey. Methods Youth basketball athletes were asked to complete a paper-based survey to investigate personal characteristics, training characteristics and their three-month history of basketball-related injuries. The Landing Error Scoring System and the Weight-Bearing Lunge Test were used to evaluate landing technique and ankle-dorsiflexion range of motion. Binary logistic regression was utilized to examine the association of the investigated variables with the presence of history of lower limb injuries among the athletes. Results A total of 534 athletes participated. The three-month prevalence of basketball-related injuries was 23.2% (95% CI 19.7 – 27), and the majority of the reported injuries affected the lower limbs (69.7%; n=110). Sprains were the most frequent type of injury (29.1%; n=46), and the ankle (30.4%; n=48) and knee (21.5%; n=34) were the most affected anatomic locations. Landing technique (p = 0.105) and ankle-dorsiflexion range of motion asymmetry (p = 0.529) were not associated with the history of lower limb injuries. Conclusion The three-month prevalence of basketball-related injuries was 23.2%. Although ankle sprains were the most frequent injury, landing technique and ankle-dorsiflexion range of motion asymmetry were not associated with the history of lower limb injuries among youth basketball athletes. Level of Evidence 3
Effects of Repetitive Pitching on Trunk Muscle Endurance and Thoracic and Shoulder Kinematics
Authors: Aso Takuya , Kagaya Yoshinori 
Published: April 2023

Background Baseball players are aware of the potential of shoulder problems due to repetitive throwing. However, few studies have examined how pitching repeatedly affects the thoracic spine and shoulder. Purpose This study aimed to determine the effects of pitching repeatedly on the endurance of trunk muscles and kinematics of the thoracic spine and shoulder. Study design Cohort study Methods Trunk muscle endurance was assessed in flexion, extension, and lateral flexion positions in 12 healthy amateur baseball players. The positions of stride foot contact (SFC) during the early cocking phase and maximal shoulder external rotation (MER) during the late cocking phase were used to compute the thoracic and shoulder kinematics in degrees. Participants were then asked to throw 135 fastballs (~9 innings with 15 throws per inning). Throwing motions were monitored throughout the first, seventh, eighth, and nine innings, whereas trunk muscular endurance was assessed before and after the repetitive throwing activity. Ball speed during pitching was measured using a radar gun. All outcome measures were statistically compared to examine differences over time. Results The trunk muscle endurance declined after the throwing task. In the eighth inning, compared with the first inning, the thoracic rotation angle at the SFC increased toward the throwing side. In contrast, the shoulder horizontal adduction angle at MER decreased in the seventh and ninth innings. Conclusion With repeated pitching, trunk muscle endurance gradually declines, and repetitive throwing significantly altered kinematics of the thoracic rotation at SFC and shoulder horizontal plane at MER. Level of Evidence 2a
The Longitudinal Neurophysiological Adaptation of a Division I Female Lacrosse Player Following Anterior Cruciate Rupture and Repair: A Case Report
Authors: Mangine Robert , Tersak Jim , Palmer Thomas , Hill-Lindsay Audrey , Patton Bolton , Eifert-Mangine Marsha , Jacobs Bradley , Colosimo Angelo J 
Published: April 2023

Background Neurophysiological adaptation following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture and repair (ACLR) is critical in establishing neural pathways during the rehabilitation process. However, there is limited objective measures available to assess neurological and physiological markers of rehabilitation. Purpose To investigate the innovative use of quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) to monitor the longitudinal change in brain and central nervous systems activity while measuring musculoskeletal function during an anterior cruciate ligament repair rehabilitation. Case Description A 19 year-old, right-handed, Division I NCAA female lacrosse midfielder suffered an anterior cruciate ligament rupture, with a tear to the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus of the right knee. Arthroscopic reconstruction utilizing a hamstring autograft and a 5% lateral meniscectomy was performed. An evidence-based ACLR rehabilitation protocol was implemented while using qEEG. Outcomes Central nervous system, brain performance and musculoskeletal functional biomarkers were monitored longitudinally at three separate time points following anterior cruciate injury: twenty-four hours post ACL rupture, one month and 10 months following ACLR surgery. Biological markers of stress, recovery, brain workload, attention and physiological arousal levels yielded elevated stress determinants in the acute stages of injury and were accompanied with noted brain alterations. Brain and musculoskeletal dysfunction longitudinally reveal a neurophysiological acute compensation and recovering accommodations from time point one to three. Biological responses to stress, brain workload, arousal, attention and brain connectivity all improved over time. Discussion The neurophysiological responses following acute ACL rupture demonstrates significant dysfunction and asymmetries neurocognitively and physiologically. Initial qEEG assessments revealed hypoconnectivity and brain state dysregulation. Progressive enhanced brain efficiency and functional task progressions associated with ACLR rehabilitation had notable simultaneous improvements. There may be a role for monitoring CNS/brain state throughout rehabilitation and return to play. Future studies should investigate the use of qEEG and neurophysiological properties in tandem during the rehabilitation progression and return to play.
Diagnostic Imaging for Distal Extremity Injuries in Direct Access Physical Therapy: An Observational Study
Authors: Crowell Michael S , Mason John S , Morris Jamie B , Dummar Max K , Kuwik Paul A 
Published: April 2023

Background Military physical therapists practicing direct-access routinely utilize diagnostic imaging and numerous published case reports demonstrate the ability of physical therapists to diagnose and appropriately disposition patients with foot/ankle and wrist/hand fractures. However, no larger cohort studies have explored the utilization of diagnostic imaging by physical therapists to detect fractures. Hypothesis/Purpose To describe the utilization of diagnostic imaging in foot/ankle and wrist/hand injuries by physical therapists in a direct-access sports physical therapy clinic. Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Methods The Agfa Impax Client 6 image viewing software (IMPAX) was searched from 2014 to 2018 for patients with diagnostic imaging ordered for foot/ankle and wrist/hand injuries. The Armed Forces Health Longitudinal Technology Application (AHLTA) electronic medical record was independently reviewed by the principal and co-investigator physical therapists. Data extracted were demographics and elements from the patient history and physical examination. Results In foot/ankle injuries, physical therapists diagnosed a fracture in 16% of the 177 cases and waited for an average of 3.9 days and 1.3 visits before ordering imaging. In wrist/hand injuries, physical therapists diagnosed a fracture in 24% of the 178 cases and waited for an average of 3.7 days and 1.2 visits before ordering imaging. The time to definitive care from the initial physical therapy evaluation was significantly different (p = 0.04) for foot/ankle fractures (0.6 days) compared to wrist/hand fractures (5.0 days). The Ottawa Ankle Rules demonstrated a negative likelihood ratio (-LR) of 0.11 (0.02, 0.72) and a positive likelihood ratio (+LR) of 1.99 (1.62, 2.44) for the diagnosis of foot/ankle fracture. Conclusions Physical therapists utilizing diagnostic imaging in a direct-access sports physical therapy clinic diagnosed fractures in similar proportions for foot/ankle and wrist/hand injuries and quickly dispositioned patients to definitive care for those fractures. The diagnostic accuracy of the Ottawa Ankle Rules was similar to previously reported values. Level of Evidence Level 3.
Graft-Specific Surgical and Rehabilitation Considerations for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction with the Quadriceps Tendon Autograft
Authors: Solie Braidy , Monson Jill , Larson Christopher 
Published: April 2023

Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) with a bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) or hamstring tendon (HT) autograft has traditionally been the preferred surgical treatment for patients returning to Level 1 sports. More recently, international utilization of the quadriceps tendon (QT) autograft for primary and revision ACLR has increased in popularity. Recent literature suggests that ACLR with the QT may yield less donor site morbidity than the BPTB and better patient-reported outcomes than the HT. Additionally, anatomic and biomechanical studies have highlighted the robust properties of the QT itself, with superior levels of collagen density, length, size, and load-to-failure strength compared to the BPTB. Although previous literature has described rehabilitation considerations for the BPTB and HT autografts, there is less published with respect to the QT. Given the known impact of the various ACLR surgical techniques on postoperative rehabilitation, the purpose of this clinical commentary is to present the procedure-specific surgical and rehabilitation considerations for ACLR with the QT, as well as further highlight the need for procedure-specific rehabilitation strategies after ACLR by comparing the QT to the BPTB and HT autografts. Level of Evidence Level 5