bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A survey of Asian Eye Institutions on perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in cataract surgery
Authors: Garg Prashant , Khor Wei-Boon , Roy Aravind , Tan Donald Tiang-Hwee ,   For the APAX consortium, Ke Yao , Zhu Xiangjia , Young Alvin L. , Aravind Haripriya , Sharma Namrata , Heryati Susi , Hutauruk Johan A. , Sitompul Ratna , Nishida Kohji , Oie Yoshinori , Yamaguchi Takefumi , Kamal Khairidzan Mohd. , Jeeva Irfan , Abaño Jessica Marie R. , Siong Ruben Lim Bon , Hyon Joon Young , Seo Kyoung Yul , Chang Shu-Wen , Hu Fung-Rong , Liu Catherine Jui-Ling , Sun Chi Chin , Kasetsuwan Ngamjit , Prabhasawat Pinnita , Cung Le Xuan , Nguyen Quoc Dat 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To determine current institutional practice patterns for the use of perioperative antibiotics and other measures to prevent infection after cataract surgery in Asia.

Methods
An online survey-based study of leading eye institutions in China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Pakistan, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand and Vietnam was conducted. The survey was administered to 26 representative key opinion leaders from prominent tertiary eye institutions that are also national academic teaching institutions in Asia. Survey responses were collated and anonymized during analysis.

Results
All surveyed institutions used povidone iodine for the preoperative antiseptic preparation of the eye, with notable variations in the concentration of povidone iodine used for conjunctival sac instillation. Preoperative topical antibiotics were prescribed by 61.5% and 69.2% of institutions in low-risk and high-risk cases, respectively. Regarding the use of intra-operative antibiotics, 60.0% and 66.7% of institutions administered intracameral antibiotics in low-risk and high-risk patients, respectively. Postoperative topical antibiotics use patterns were generally very similar in low-risk and high-risk patients. Over half of the institutions (52.2% and 68.0% in low-risk and high-risk patients, respectively) also indicated prolonged postoperative use of topical antibiotics (> 2 weeks). Not all surveyed institutions had established policies/protocols for perioperative antibiotic use in cataract surgery, endophthalmitis surveillance, and/or a monitoring program for emerging antimicrobial resistance.

Conclusion
There are variations in antimicrobial prophylaxis approaches to preoperative, intra-operative and postoperative regimens in cataract surgery in Asia. More evidence-based research is needed to support the development of detailed guidelines for perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis to reduce postoperative infections.
A Becker–Döring Type Model for Cell Polarization
Authors: Pohl Lorena , Niethammer Barbara 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe propose a model for cell polarization based on the Becker–Döring equations with the first coagulation coefficient equal to zero. We show convergence to equilibrium for power-law coagulation and fragmentation rates and obtain a loss of mass in the limit$$t \rightarrow \infty $$t→∞depending on the initial mass and the relative strengths of the coagulation and fragmentation processes. In the case of linear rates, we further show that large clusters evolve in a self-similar manner at large times by comparing limits of appropriately rescaled solutions in different spaces.
Beyond glycemia: Comparing tirzepatide to GLP-1 analogues
Authors: Andraos John , Muhar Harleen , Smith Shawn R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor analogs (GLP-1 RAs) have been an innovative and instrumental drug class in the management of both type 2 diabetes and obesity. Tirzepatide is a novel agent that acts as an agonist for both GLP-1 receptors and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) receptors, another incretin that lowers glucose and appetite. Although previous studies showed a lack of therapeutic benefit for GIP agonists, current studies show that the glucose lowering and weight loss effects of tirzepatide are at least as effective as GLP-1 RAs with a similar adverse effect profile. Some studies, though not conclusive, predict that tirzepatide may in fact be more potent than GLP-1 RAs at reducing weight. A thorough review of the studies that led to tirzepatide’s approval allows for comparisons between tirzepatide and GLP-1 RAs; it also allows for predictions of tirzepatide’s eventual place in therapy - an agent used preferentially over GLP-1 RAs in patients with or without diabetes desiring to lose weight.
Stereospecific formation of vanadium mandelato complexes with [Fe(2,2′-bipyridine)3]2+ as a counter ion
Authors: Schwendt Peter , Gyepes Róbert , Tatiersky Jozef , Filo Juraj , Bujdoš Marek , Zákutná Dominika , Krivosudský Lukáš 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTwo vanadium complexes of mandelic acid having [Fe(bpy)3]2+as counterion, [Fe(bpy)3][V2O4(rac-mand)2]·4.9H2O·0.1CH3CN (1, FeV2L2) and (H3O)[Fe(bpy)3]4[V3O7(S-mand)2]3·28H2O (2, FeV3L2) (bpy = 2,2’-bipyridine,mand2– = mandelato ligand, C8H6O32–) have been synthesized and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction and spectral methods. The FeSO4—bpy—KVO3—H2mand—H2O—CH3CN system exhibits a stereospecific behaviour: while from the system including racemic mandelic acid only the complex of the V2L2type (1) could be obtained in crystalline form, the system withS-mandelic acid afforded the V3L2(2) complex as the single crystalline product. All vanadium atoms exhibit tetragonal pyramidal coordination geometry with oxygen donor atoms of the oxido ligands and carboxylate anion. The stereospecific behaviour was investigated using the51 V NMR spectroscopy, which revealed different composition of systems with racemic mandelic acid andS-mandelic acid after some preliminary period (≈ 15 days). The compound2is chiral non-racemic compound (space groupP21212), the structure of which contains Δ-[Fe(bpy)3]2+cations and [V3O7(S-mand)2]3–anions.Graphical abstract
Development and Validation of a Machine Learning Algorithm Using Clinical Pages to Predict Imminent Clinical Deterioration
Authors: Steitz Bryan D. , McCoy Allison B. , Reese Thomas J. , Liu Siru , Weavind Liza , Shipley Kipp , Russo Elise , Wright Adam 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Early detection of clinical deterioration among hospitalized patients is a clinical priority for patient safety and quality of care. Current automated approaches for identifying these patients perform poorly at identifying imminent events.

Objective
Develop a machine learning algorithm using pager messages sent between clinical team members to predict imminent clinical deterioration.

Design
We conducted a large observational study using long short-term memory machine learning models on the content and frequency of clinical pages.

Participants
We included all hospitalizations between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2020 at Vanderbilt University Medical Center that included at least one page message to physicians. Exclusion criteria included patients receiving palliative care, hospitalizations with a planned intensive care stay, and hospitalizations in the top 2% longest length of stay.

Main Measures
Model classification performance to identify in-hospital cardiac arrest, transfer to intensive care, or Rapid Response activation in the next 3-, 6-, and 12-hours. We compared model performance against three common early warning scores: Modified Early Warning Score, National Early Warning Score, and the Epic Deterioration Index.

Key Results
There were 87,783 patients (mean [SD] age 54.0 [18.8] years; 45,835 [52.2%] women) who experienced 136,778 hospitalizations. 6214 hospitalized patients experienced a deterioration event. The machine learning model accurately identified 62% of deterioration events within 3-hours prior to the event and 47% of events within 12-hours. Across each time horizon, the model surpassed performance of the best early warning score including area under the receiver operating characteristic curve at 6-hours (0.856 vs. 0.781), sensitivity at 6-hours (0.590 vs. 0.505), specificity at 6-hours (0.900 vs. 0.878), and F-score at 6-hours (0.291 vs. 0.220).

Conclusions
Machine learning applied to the content and frequency of clinical pages improves prediction of imminent deterioration. Using clinical pages to monitor patient acuity supports improved detection of imminent deterioration without requiring changes to clinical workflow or nursing documentation.
Partizipation in Lehr-Lern-Arrangements: Literaturreview und kritische Würdigung des Partizipationskonzepts
Authors: Kärner Tobias , Jüttler Michael , Fritzsche Yannick , Heid Helmut 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag hat die Untersuchung und Bewertung partizipativer Elemente von Lehr-Lern-Arrangements sowie die kritische Würdigung des Partizipationskonzepts zum Ziel. Hierzu werden die Ergebnisse einer Literaturanalyse von insgesamt 56 wissenschaftlichen Beiträgen vorgestellt und diskutiert. Der Fokus liegt hierbei auf lernerseitigen Einflussmöglichkeiten auf Entscheidungen – die Lernziele und -inhalte, die didaktisch-methodische Gestaltung, Strukturierung und Organisation des Unterrichts sowie die Prüfungsformen und die Kriterien zur Bewertung von Leistungen betreffend – und auf konkreten Realisierungsformen partizipativer Praxis. Weiterhin werden Korrelate partizipativer Elemente mit emotional-motivationalen, unterrichts- und beziehungsbezogenen sowie leistungsbezogenen Lernendenvariablen zusammenfassend berichtet. Der Beitrag schließt mit einer Diskussion des gesichteten Forschungsstands sowie forschungsmethodischen und konzeptionellen Gedanken ab.
Soziale Selektivität bei der Vergabe der integrativen schulischen Maßnahmen reduzierte individuelle Lernziele, Nachteilsausgleich und integrative Förderung
Authors: Sahli Lozano Caroline , Wüthrich Sergej , Wicki Matthias , Brandenberg Kathrin 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungAusgehend von der sozialen Selektivität bei der äußeren Differenzierung und der zunehmenden Verlagerung der Selektionsprozesse in die Regelschulklassen hinein wird der Frage nachgegangen, inwiefern unterschiedliche integrative schulische Maßnahmen entlang der sozialen Herkunft vergeben werden. Dies ist insofern relevant, weil die Maßnahmen Lernzielreduktion, Nachteilsausgleich und integrative Förderung unterschiedliche Zielgruppen fokussieren und sich unterschiedlich auf inhaltliche und formale Bildungsergebnisse auswirken können. Die Studie basiert auf einer Stichprobe aus der Schweiz von insgesamt 1126 Schüler*innen der 5./6. Klassenstufe aus 66 Schulklassen aus dem Kanton Bern. Von den Schüler*innen hatten 71 eine Lernzielreduktion, 51 einen Nachteilsausgleich und 86 integrative Förderung. Die Analysen zeigten, dass Schüler*innen aus Familien mit höherem Sozialstatus häufiger von einem Nachteilsausgleich profitierten, und dies selbst unter Kontrolle von individuellen, kognitiven und schulischen Leistungsmerkmalen. Maßnahmen wie die Lernzielreduktion hingegen wurden häufiger an Schüler*innen aus Familien mit niedrigerem sozialem Status vergeben. Diese Selektivität birgt das Risiko, dass integrative Maßnahmen, die eigentlich dazu gedacht sind, Bildungsungleichheiten zu reduzieren, diese im Gegenteil noch verstärken können. Entsprechend sollten Schulleitungen, Lehr- und Fachpersonen Chancen und Risiken potenziell stigmatisierender Maßnahmen wie die der Lernzielreduktion sorgfältig abwägen und für mögliche soziale Herkunftseffekte bei der Vergabe „vorteilhafterer“ Maßnahmen wie dem Nachteilsausgleich sensibilisiert werden.
Formation of Peripheral Coarse Grain in Thin-Walled Al–Mg–Si Extrusion Profiles
Authors: Goik P. , Schiffl A. , Höppel H. W. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractInvestigations on microstructure and texture development during processing of Al–Mg–Si sheet and extrusion profiles focused on describing and modelling the changes in the bulk. However, understanding the evolution of microstructure in the sub-surface region is highly relevant, as this governs material performance under corrosion and bending deformation, which are crucial applications in mobility and transportation. The aim of this study was to correlate the effect of alloy composition and extrusion parameters to the formation of texture and peripheral coarse grain (PCG) layer. For this, five alloys of the AA6xxx class with varying content of dispersoid forming elements were extruded at increasing extrusion speeds into thin-walled hollow profiles. The microstructure at a plane section was investigated by means of EBSD and characterized in terms of distinct texture component distribution. It was shown that with increasing grain boundary mobility, through adapting dispersoid content and extrusion speed, the PCG layer grows into a fine-grained bulk. This growth of the PCG layer is only counter-acted upon, when the grain boundary mobility in the bulk is high enough, so that extensive growth of Cube oriented grains occurs. The PCG layer shows distinct orientations related to $$\langle 101\rangle ||\rm{TD}$$

⟨
101
⟩
|
|
TD

, so that a possible mechanism for the orientation selection during grain growth is proposed.
MAGLIO study: epideMiological Analysis on invasive meninGococcaL disease in Italy: fOcus on hospitalization from 2015 to 2019
Authors: Tascini Carlo , Iantomasi Raffaella , Sbrana Francesco , Carrieri Ciro , D’Angela Daniela , Cocchio Silvia , Polistena Barbara , Spandonaro Federico , Montuori Eva Agostina , Baldo Vincenzo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study analyzed hospital admissions for invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) in epidemiological and economic terms in Italy from 2015 to 2019. The volume of acute admissions for meningococcal diagnosis was analyzed in the period from 2015 to 2019. IMD admissions were identified by ICD-9-CM diagnoses. Costs were assessed using current DRG tariffs. In 2019, a total of 237 admissions for meningococcal disease were recorded in Italy. The mean age of patients was 36.1 years. Lumbar puncture was reported in only 14% of hospital discharge forms. From 2015 to 2019, there was a mean annual reduction of − 1.2% nationally for IMD hospitalizations. For 2019, the total costs for acute inpatient admissions were €2,001,093. Considering annual incidence due to IMD, a significant decrease was noted in the age group from 0 to 1 year (p = 0.010) during 2015–2019. For all years, mortality associated with meningeal syndrome was lower compared to septic shock with or without meningitis. From 2015 to 2019, hospitalizations for IMD appear to be decreasing slightly in Italy, even if mortality remains high. Favorable trends in hospitalizations for IMD were seen in the 0–1-year age group, which may be attributable to increased vaccination. Costs of hospitalizations for IMD remain high.
Work ability and work status changes in long-term Hodgkin lymphoma survivors with focus on late adverse effects
Authors: Dahl Alv A. , Smeland Knut B. , Eikeland Siri , Fagerli Unn-Merete , Bersvendsen Hanne S. , Fosså Alexander , Kiserud Cecilie E. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
We studied work-related issues in long-term survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma [HLSs] who had undergone treatment according to contemporary stage risk-adapted approaches. At survey, work changes and problems since diagnosis, comparisons of HLSs with low/moderate versus high work ability, associations between work issues, and late adverse effects [LAEs] were examined.

Methods
This cross-sectional questionnaire-based study included HLSs treated from 1997 to 2006 and alive at the end of 2016. They completed a mailed questionnaire including work and health-related issues.

Results
Among 518 invited HLSs, 297 (58%) completed the work-related issues, and 48% of them were females. Mean age at survey was 45.9 years, and mean time was 16.7 years since diagnosis. At follow-up, 71% of the HLSs held paid work and 19% were on disability pension. Only 3% of HLSs did not hold paid work at any time after diagnosis. In total, 43% HLSs had low/moderate and 57% high work ability at follow-up. Low/moderate work ability was significantly associated with older age, female sex, more LAEs, disability pension, lower household income, distressed personality, obesity, fatigue, and mental disorders. More LAEs were significantly associated with more work problems.

Conclusions
Many HLSs manage to stay in the work force. Several health problems and LAEs amenable for interventions are significantly associated with low/moderate work ability and emphasize the importance of focus on these issues in long-term follow-up.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
HLSs in paid work at diagnosis can be optimistic as to their future participation in work life. Screening and treatment for health problems such as LAEs may improve work ability.
Three-way interaction: severity of tufted grass fungal infection affects Botanophila fly reproduction
Authors: Stawrakakis Krzysztof , Kasprzykowski Zbigniew , Lembicz Marlena 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe interaction between Botanophila flies and Epichloë fungi is one of the few interactions in which grass-associated fungi are ‘pollinated’ by flies. We analysed the gains and losses for both interaction partners and the time factors determining cost dynamics. A hypothesis regarding the relationship between changes in the severity of grass infection with Epichloë fungus, size of fungal sexual structures (stromata), and fly presence (expressed as egg and larvae numbers) was tested. During a 3-year study conducted on permanent field plots, fungal infection of wild grass tussocks of Holcus lanatus and fly visits to fungal stromata were monitored. An increase in the number of shoots with stromata and a reduction in stromata size were observed. From one year to another, flies deposited fewer eggs on stromata, and larval body mass decreased. We explain these results by the deterioration of grass condition due to increased Epichloë infection, which resulted in higher maintenance costs for the fungal parasite.
Evaluating the safety profile of anti-platelet therapy in patients undergoing elective inguinal hernia repair: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Davey Matthew G. , Joyce William P. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction
There remains no consensus surrounding the safety of prescribing anti-platelet therapies (APT) prior to elective inguinal hernia repair (IHR).

Aims
To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the safety profile of APT use in patients indicated to undergo elective IHR.

Methods
A systematic review was performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Meta-analyses were performed using the Mantel–Haenszel method using the Review Manager version 5.4 software.

Results
Five studies including outcomes in 344 patients were included. Of these, 65.4% had APT discontinued (225/344), and 34.6% had APT continued (119/344). The majority of included patients were male (94.1%, 288/344). When continuing or discontinuing APT, there was no significant difference in overall haemorrhage rates (odds ratio (OR): 1.86, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.29–11.78, P = 0.130) and in sensitivity analysis using only RCT data (OR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.03–12.41, P = 0.760). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in reoperation rates (OR: 6.27, 95% CI: 0.72–54.60, P = 0.590); however, a significant difference was observed for readmission rates (OR: 5.67, 95% CI: 1.33–24.12, P = 0.020) when APT was continued or stopped pre-operatively. There was no significant difference in the estimated blood loss, intra-operative time, transfusion of blood products, rates of complications, cerebrovascular accidents, myocardial infarctions, or mortality observed.

Conclusion
This study illustrates the safety of continuing APT pre-operatively in patients undergoing elective IHR, with similar rates of haemorrhage, reoperation, and readmission observed. Clinical trials with larger patient recruitment will be required to fully establish the safety profile of prescribing APT in the pre-operative setting prior to elective IHR.
Mechanism of COVID-19-Induced Cardiac Damage from Patient, In Vitro and Animal Studies
Authors: Jones Elizabeth A. V. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Though patient studies have been important for understanding the disease, research done in animals and cell culture complement our knowledge from patient data and provide insight into the mechanism of the disease. Understanding how COVID causes damage to the heart is essential to understanding possible long-term consequences.

Recent Findings
COVID-19 is primarily a disease that attacks the lungs; however, it is known to have important consequences in many other tissues including the heart. Though myocarditis does occur in some patients, for most cases of cardiac damage, the injury arises from scarring either due to myocardial infarction or micro-infarction.

Summary
The main focus is on how COVID affects blood flow through the coronaries. We review how endothelial activation leads to a hypercoagulative state in COVID-19. We also emphasize the effects that the cytokine storm can directly have on the regulation of coronary blood flow. Since the main two cell types that can be infected in the heart are pericytes and cardiomyocytes, we further describe the known effects on pericyte function and how that can further lead to microinfarcts within the heart. Though many of these effects are systemic, this review focuses on the consequences on cardiac tissue of this dysregulation and the role that it has in the formation of myocardial scarring.
Keine Vergütung ohne Einhaltung der Personalvorgaben in G-BA-Richtlinien – Obacht bei TAVIs
Authors: Nölling Torsten 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Bundessozialgericht (BSG) hat mit Urteil vom 26.04.2022 (Az: B 1 KR 26/21 R) entschieden, dass ein Krankenhaus bereits dann keinen Anspruch auf die gesamte Vergütung hat, wenn die Vorgaben der Qualitätssicherungsrichtlinien des Gemeinsamen Bundesausschusses (G-BA) auch nur in einzelnen Behandlungsabschnitten nicht erfüllt werden. Es hat damit seine bereits bestehende Rechtsprechung (BSG, B 1 KR 28/15 R) weiterentwickelt. Diese Rechtsprechung sollten die Verantwortlichen im Bereich der Kardiologie insbesondere im Hinblick auf die Vorgaben der MHI-Richtlinie beachten. Deren Struktur- und Personalvorgaben führen zu einer durchgehenden Anwesenheitspflicht von Perfusionist:innen bei der Durchführung von TAVIs. Eine Vorgabe, die in der Vergangenheit häufig nicht beachtet wurde. Zukünftig werden Krankenkassen verstärkt auf die Einhaltung der Personal- und Strukturvorgaben der G‑BA-Richtlinien achten und ggf. die Vergütung verweigern oder zurückfordern.
Reflexivity of the Space of Transversal Distributions
Authors: Kališnik J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFor any smooth, Hausdorff and second-countable manifold N one can define the Fréchet space $$\mathord {\mathcal {C}^{\infty }}(N)$$

C

∞

(
N
)

of smooth functions on N and its strong dual $$\mathcal {E}'(N)$$

E

′

(
N
)

of compactly supported distributions on N. It is a standard result that the strong dual of $$\mathcal {E}'(N)$$

E

′

(
N
)

is naturally isomorphic to $$\mathord {\mathcal {C}^{\infty }}(N)$$

C

∞

(
N
)

, which implies that both $$\mathord {\mathcal {C}^{\infty }}(N)$$

C

∞

(
N
)

and $$\mathcal {E}'(N)$$

E

′

(
N
)

are reflexive locally convex spaces. In this paper we generalise that result to the setting of transversal distributions on the total space of a surjective submersion $$\pi :P\rightarrow M$$

π
:
P
→
M

. We show that the strong $$\mathord {\mathcal {C}^{\infty }_{c}}(M)$$

C

c
∞

(
M
)

-dual of the space $$\mathcal {E}'_{\pi }(P)$$

E

π
′

(
P
)

of $$\pi $$
π
-transversal distributions is naturally isomorphic to the $$\mathord {\mathcal {C}^{\infty }_{c}}(M)$$

C

c
∞

(
M
)

-module $$\mathord {\mathcal {C}^{\infty }}(P)$$

C

∞

(
P
)

.