bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical characteristics and prognosis in systemic lupus erythematosus-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension based on consensus clustering and risk prediction model
Authors: Dai Mengmeng , Zhang Chunyi , Li Chaoying , Wang Qianqian , Gao Congcong , Yue Runzhi , Yao Menghui , Su Zhaohui , Zheng Zhaohui 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study aims to explore the clinical characteristics and prognosis in SLE-PAH based on consensus clustering and risk prediction model.

Methods
A total of 205 PAH (including 163 SLE-PAH and 42 idiopathic PAH) patients were enrolled retrospectively based on medical records at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from July 2014 to June 2021. Unsupervised consensus clustering was used to identify SLE-PAH subtypes that best represent the data pattern. The Kaplan–Meier survival was analyzed in different subtypes. Besides, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator combined with Cox proportional hazards regression model were performed to construct the SLE-PAH risk prediction model.

Results
Clustering analysis defined two subtypes, cluster 1 (n = 134) and cluster 2 (n = 29). Compared with cluster 1, SLE-PAH patients in cluster 2 had less favorable levels of poor cardiac, kidney, and coagulation function markers, with higher SLE disease activity, less frequency of PAH medications, and lower survival rate within 2 years (86.2% vs. 92.8%) (P < 0.05). The risk prediction model was also constructed, including older age at diagnosis (≥ 38 years), anti-dsDNA antibody, neuropsychiatric lupus, and platelet distribution width (PDW).

Conclusions
Consensus clustering identified two distinct SLE-PAH subtypes which were associated with survival outcomes. Four prognostic factors for death were discovered to construct the SLE-PAH risk prediction model.
Unintended consequences of technology in competency-based education: A qualitative study of lessons learned in an OtoHNS program
Authors: Ott Mary , Apramian Tavis , Cristancho Sayra , Roth Kathryn 
Published: August 2023

Background Formative feedback and entrustment ratings on assessments of entrustable professional activities (EPAs) are intended to support learner self-regulation and inform entrustment decisions in competency-based medical education. Technology platforms have been developed to facilitate these goals, but little is known about their effects on these new assessment practices. This study investigates how users interacted with an e-portfolio in an OtoHNS surgery program transitioning to a Canadian approach to competency-based assessment, Competence by Design. Methods We employed a sociomaterial perspective on technology and grounded theory methods of iterative data collection and analysis to study this OtoHNS program's use of an e-portfolio for assessment purposes. All residents (n = 14) and competency committee members (n = 7) participated in the study; data included feedback in resident portfolios, observation of use of the e-portfolio in a competency committee meeting, and a focus group with residents to explore how they used the e-portfolio and visualize interfaces that would better meet their needs. Results Use of the e-portfolio to document, access, and interpret assessment data was problematic for both residents and faculty, but the residents faced more challenges. While faculty were slowed in making entrustment decisions, formative assessments were not actionable for residents. Workarounds to these barriers resulted in a “numbers game” residents played to acquire EPAs. Themes prioritized needs for searchable, contextual, visual, and mobile aspects of technology design to support use of assessment data for resident learning. Conclusion Best practices of technology design begin by understanding user needs. Insights from this study support recommendations for improved technology design centred on learner needs to provide OtoHNS residents a more formative experience of competency-based training. Graphical Abstract
Data analysis for vague contingency data
Authors: Aslam Muhammad , Alamri Faten S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe existing Fisher’s exact test has been widely applied for investigating whether the difference between the observed frequencies is significant or not. The existing Fisher’s exact test can be applied only when the observed frequencies are in determinate form and has no vogues information. In practice, due to the complicity in the production process, it is not always possible to have observed frequencies in determinate form. Therefore, the use of the existing Fisher’s exact test may mislead the industrial engineers. The paper presents the modification of Fisher’s exact test using neutrosophic statistics. The operational process, simulation study, and application using the production data will be given in the paper. From the analysis of industrial data, it can be concluded that the proposed Fisher’s exact test performs well than the existing Fisher’s exact test.
Estimating geotechnical parameters using semisupervised learning: An example from the Dutch offshore wind farm zone
Authors: Di Haibin , Pham Nam , Abubakar Aria 
Published: August 2023

Wind energy is considered to be of great importance for promoting energy transition and achieving net-zero carbon emission. Reliable modeling and monitoring of the near-subsurface geology are crucial for successful wind farm selection, construction, operation, and maintenance. For optimal characterization of shallow seafloor sediments, 2D ultrahigh-resolution (UHR) seismic survey and 1D cone-penetration testing (CPT) often are acquired, processed, interpreted, and integrated for building 3D ground models of essential geotechnical parameters such as friction. Such a task faces multiple challenges, such as limited CPT availability, strong noise contamination in UHR seismic data, and heavy manual efforts for completing the traditional workflows, particularly acoustic impedance inversion. This study accelerates the integration by a semisupervised learning workflow with three highlights. First, it enables geotechnical parameter estimation directly from UHR seismic data without impedance inversion. The second comes from the use of a pretrained feature engine to reduce the risk of overfitting while mapping massive UHR seismic data with sparse CPT measurements through deep learning. More importantly, it allows incorporating other geologic/geophysical information, such as a predefined structural model, to further constrain the machine learning and boost its generalization capability. Its values are validated through applications to the Dutch wind farm zone for estimating four geotechnical parameters, including cone-tip resistance, sleeve friction, pore-water pressure, and the derived friction ratio, in two example scenarios: (1) UHR seismic data only and (2) UHR seismic data and an 11-layer structural model. The results verify the feasibility of data-driven geotechnical parameter estimation. In addition to the two demonstrated scenarios, our workflow can be further customized for embedding more constraints, e.g., prestack seismic and elastic/static property models, given their availability in a wind farm of interest.
Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhea and Preclinical Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Shufelt Chrisandra L , Saadedine Mariam , Cook-Wiens Galen , Pisarska Margareta D , Manson JoAnn E , Berga Sarah L , Arditi Moshe , Shah Prediman K , Bairey Merz C Noel 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Context
Endothelial dysfunction is a preclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) marker. Due to various neuroendocrine aberrations, functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA) may be a sex-specific risk factor for CVD in young women.

Objective
To investigate endothelial function in women with FHA, compared with eumenorrheic controls and recently menopausal women.

Methods
We performed a cross-sectional analysis among women with FHA (n = 30), eumenorrheic controls (n = 29), and recently menopausal women (n = 30). FHA was defined as amenorrhea ≥3 consecutive months, estradiol &lt;50 pg/mL, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) &lt; 10 mIU/mL, and luteinizing hormone (LH) &lt; 10 mIU/mL, excluding other etiologies. Participants were recruited through obstetrics and gynecology referrals, social media advertising, and review of electronic health records. Preclinical CVD was measured using EndoPAT 2000 to calculate reactive hyperemic index (RHI). RHI ≤1.67 indicates endothelial dysfunction.

Results
Mean estradiol levels in women with FHA, as compared with eumenorrheic controls and recently menopausal women, were 29.0 ± 18.1, 46.4 ± 15.7, and 10.9 ± 14.4 pg/mL (P &lt; .0001), respectively. Women with FHA had lower insulin (P = .0095) and higher cortisol (P = .0004) compared with controls. RHI was significantly lower in women with FHA compared with eumenorrheic controls and recently menopausal women (1.8 ± 0.5 vs 2.2 ± 0.5 vs 2.2 ± 0.6, respectively; P = .008), and 35% of women with FHA had RHI ≤1.67, consistent with endothelial dysfunction.

Conclusion
These results demonstrate endothelial dysfunction in 1 out of 3 young women with FHA. FHA may be a contributor to preclinical CVD, and it is not explained by hypoestrogenemia alone.
What Is “Postmedieval”? Embedded Reflections
Authors: Orlemanski Julie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This essay explores the issue's topic, “The ‘Medieval’ Undone: Imagining a New Global Past,” by asking what it has meant, and what it could yet mean, to be postmedieval. It does so by telling a specific institutional history, that of postmedieval: a journal of medieval cultural studies, which launched in 2010 and continues to the present. The article adopts a decidedly embedded perspective, from the point of view of a current coeditor of postmedieval, previously an author and book reviews editor. Ultimately, the article argues that postmedieval's attachment to the “medieval” works to keep its readers in conflicted contact with the Eurocentrism, global flows of capital, dominance of English, and politics of time that cannot be escaped merely through critique or shifts in representation.
A Bridge Too Far? Ludovico Marracci's Translation of the Qurʾan and the Persistence of Medieval Biblicism
Authors: Livanos Christopher , Salama Mohammad 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The medieval tendency to view Islam as a Christian heresy continues to influence Qurʾanic studies in the Western academy due to the academy's origins as a religious institution and the absence of systematic reckoning by contemporary scholars. Ludovico Marracci's 1698 Qurʾan commentary was both the culmination of the medieval polemic tradition and the blueprint for subsequent Western engagement with the Qurʾan. Though few Qurʾanic scholars have the proficiency in Latin necessary to read Marracci's work, Western Qurʾanic studies continues to overemphasize biblical “sources” for the Qurʾan because the field originated in a methodology that was fundamentally polemical rather than exegetical. This essay proposes models from within the Christian and Muslim traditions that can pave the way toward a break from Biblicist tropes toward an interfaith understanding based on the rich tradition of Muslim exegesis.
Wide range applications of botulinum toxin in medicine - literature review
Authors: Serwik-Trandasir Aleksandra , Kania Agata , Gonet Malwina , Miszczyk Karolina , Włodarczyk-Cybulska Karolina , Maj Patrycja , Sergiel Natalia , Mozer Piotr , Maternia Jakub , Lazar Michal 
Published: August 2023

Introduction and purpose :
Botulinum toxin is one of the most dangerous natural toxins. Botulinum toxin poisoning causes botulism. Botulism is a set of systemic symptoms resulting from flaccid muscle paralysis. The first symptomatology of toxin poisoning was described at the beginning of the 19th century. After more than 200 years, botulinum toxin is associated primarily with aesthetic medicine treatments, where it is used to temporarily improve the appearance, mainly by reducing mimic wrinkles.
Aim of the study:
The aim of the study is to collect information available in PubMed, Google Scholar, academic textbooks and characteristics of botulinum toxin medicinal products, especially regarding its wide use, mechanism of action, adverse events and contraindications. As a result, the presentation of the versatile use of botulinum toxin as a medicinal product in many fields of medicine.
Brief description of the state of knowledge:
Botulinum toxin is produced by the anaerobic bacteria Clostridium botulinum. Its mechanism of action consists in flaccid muscle paralysis. Most preparations with botulinum toxin are only registered for strictly defined aesthetic medicine treatments. Other registered indications for the use of medicinal products with botulinum toxin include overactive bladder, various types of spasticity and prevention of headaches. In addition, in medicine, botulinum toxin is commonly used off-label.
Summary:
Botulinum toxin is widely used not only in aesthetic medicine. Intramuscular injections of botulinum toxin are successfully used in various fields of medicine, such as: urology, neurology, ophthalmology, gastroenterology, dermatology, gynecology, otolaryngology, dentistry and even psychiatry.
Robust Bidding in First-Price Auctions: How to Bid Without Knowing What Others Are Doing
Authors: Kasberger Bernhard , Schlag Karl H. 
Published: August 2023

We propose how to bid in first-price auctions when a bidder knows the own value but not how others will bid. To do this, we introduce a methodology to show how to make choices in strategic settings without assuming common knowledge or equilibrium behavior. Accordingly, we first eliminate environments that are believed not to occur and then find a robust rule that performs well in the remaining environments. We test our bids using data from laboratory experiments and the field and find that our bids outperform those made by real bidders. This paper was accepted by Omar Besbes, revenue management and market analytics. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4899 .
Application of computer vision in assessing crop abiotic stress: A systematic review
Authors: Orka Nabil Anan , Toushique Fardeen Md. , Uddin M. Nazim , Bari M. Latiful 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundAbiotic stressors impair crop yields and growth potential. Despite recent developments, no comprehensive literature review on crop abiotic stress assessment employing deep learning exists. Unlike conventional approaches, deep learning-based computer vision techniques can be employed in farming to offer a non-evasive and practical alternative.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review using the revised Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement to assemble the articles on the specified topic. We confined our scope to deep learning-related journal articles that focused on classifying crop abiotic stresses. To understand the current state, we evaluated articles published in the preceding ten years, beginning in 2012 and ending on December 18, 2022.ResultsAfter the screening, risk of bias, and certainty assessment using the PRISMA checklist, our systematic search yielded 14 publications. We presented the selected papers through in-depth discussion and analysis, highlighting current trends.ConclusionEven though research on the domain is scarce, we encountered 11 abiotic stressors across 7 crops. Pre-trained networks dominate the field, yet many architectures remain unexplored. We found several research gaps that future efforts may fill.
Test performance of lateral flow rapid antigen tests for COVID-19 in Welsh adult care home staff using routine surveillance data
Authors: Hogg Craig , Boots Sian , Howorth Daniel , Williams Christopher , Heginbothom Margaret , Salmon Jane , Howe Robin 
Published: August 2023

Background
Lateral flow tests (LFTs) have been used to screen for SARS-CoV2 in Wales since January 2021. Between May and August 2021, adult care home staff policy was for biweekly Innova LFT and weekly Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) testing while asymptomatic. We estimated test performance of LFTs conducted in adult care home staff using PCR tests as a reference standard.

Methods
Test results from surveillance data were matched by individual where both LFT and PCR were taken on the same day. We calculated sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and agreement using Matthew’s correlation coefficient. Ct values of positive PCR results were compared by matched LFT result. Analysis was conducted using R v4.1.3.

Results
We analysed 115,593 test pairs, 499 (0.43%) of which were PCR positive. Median age was 48 (IQR: 22) and 85.00% of the study population were female. Test result agreement was 99.59% (95%CI 99.55–99.63; MCC: 0.38, p<0.001). Sensitivity and specificity were 25.65% (95%CI 22.02–29.67) and 99.91% (95%CI 99.89–99.93), respectively. PPV was 55.90% (95%CI 49.42–62.17) and NPV was 99.68% (95%CI 99.64–99.71). Crude Ct values were significantly lower in positive PCR tests matched to a positive LFT compared to a negative LFT.

Conclusions
Specificity and negative predictive value were high in an asymptomatic population of care home staff indicating this test is an effective tool for identifying cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection during periods of high prevalence where transmission is likely, due to the presence of high viral loads. Positive predictive value results are lower than existing literature yet should be considered in light of the asymptomatic study population and low prevalence (under 1%) at the time most of these tests were conducted. Performance improved at times of higher prevalence during the study. These results suggest that whilst lateral flow tests are effective for identifying SARS-COV-2 infections with high viral loads, they are not effective at identifying cases with a low viral load. When an LFT provides a negative result, false negatives should be considered and additional diagnostic tests performed.
Gastric Cancer Incidence and Mortality After Endoscopic Resection of Gastric Adenoma: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Park Jae Myung , Cho Songhee , Shin Ga-Yeong , Lee Jayoun , Kim Minjee , Yim Hyeon Woo 
Published: August 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Gastric adenoma is a precursor lesion of gastric cancer. We investigated whether the removal of gastric adenoma prevented gastric cancer incidence and its mortality.

METHODS:
Using the linkage of nationwide databases, we assessed gastric cancer incidence and mortality among patients who had gastric adenomas removed between 2011 and 2013 in Korea. These outcomes were compared primarily with those of the Korean general population by estimating the standardized incidence and mortality ratio and secondarily with internal control subjects who did not have gastric neoplasm after esophagogastroduodenoscopy and were matched for age, sex, and calendar year by calculating hazard ratios (HR) with the Cox proportional hazards model.

RESULTS:
We identified 44,405 adenoma removal patients. During a median follow-up of 8.4 years, 1,038 (2.34%) of them were given a diagnosis of gastric cancer and a total of 524 gastric cancers were expected for a standard incidence ratio of 1.98 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.84–2.13). A total of 199 deaths from gastric cancer were expected and 99 were observed for a standard mortality ratio of 0.50 (95% CI, 0.40–0.60). Compared with the nonadenoma cohort (n = 39,826), the adenoma removal patients had a higher risk of gastric cancer (HR, 2.84; 95% CI, 2.51–3.21) and associated mortality (HR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.19–2.31).

DISCUSSION:
Removal of gastric adenoma resulted in lower-than-expected mortality but higher-than-expected incidence due to gastric cancer than that in the general population. Our analyses indicated the importance of follow-up strategy after removal of gastric adenoma.
Crenças em matemática: reflexões sobre a interferência dos diversos contextos na aprendizagem
Authors: Feliciano Renata dos Santos Cardoso Ministério , Das Flores Victer Eline , Rodrigues Chang Kuo 
Published: August 2023

Este artigo pretende refletir sobre a visão e a prática de uma professora de matemática no que diz respeito aos afetos e às emoções relacionados à educação matemática, a partir de um recorte de uma pesquisa de mestrado realizada com alunos do 6º ano (incluindo Educação de Jovens e Adultos) de uma escola municipal da Baixada Fluminense. Os dados foram coletados a partir da observação-participante em uma aula de matemática, realizada sob os procedimentos teórico-metodológicos da pesquisa-ação (THIOLLENT, 2003[12]) e a análise foi desenvolvida a partir do referencial teórico com ênfase na matemática emocional de Chacòn (2003[3]). Concluiu-se que o professor deve considerar as demandas socioemocionais em busca de resultados efetivos na aprendizagem matemática. Isso significa também que sua formação deve ser condizente com as demandas do aluno e com a sua própria formação continuada, fazendo-se necessária uma investigação institucional, que contemple a profissão docente como dialógica e interdependente diante dos fatores emocionais. Portanto, este artigo potencializa questões, algumas vezes implícitas na prática pedagógica do professor de matemática, que requerem um olhar mais atento, porque têm a natureza afetiva emocional, incluindo crenças que podem ter sido estabelecidas durante os primeiros contatos com a matemática por parte do aluno. Os dados coletados e as discussões demonstraram que as possibilidades de refazer os vínculos afetivos são um caminho eficaz para a melhoria da qualidade das relações e do processo de ensino e de aprendizagem lógico-matemática.
Measuring the End: Heraclitus and Diogenes of Babylon on the Great Year and Ekpyrosis
Authors: Vassallo Christian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper first examines surviving testimonies on the doctrine of the Great Year in Heraclitus and attempts to demonstrate the reliability of Aëtius’ version handed down by the mss., according to which the Great Year is equal to 18,000 solar years. On the basis of such evidence it is also possible to newly examine Diogenes of Babylon’s views about this topic. In the second part, the paper better defines the relationship between the Great Year and the theory of cosmic conflagration. It argues that in the sources at our disposal there are enough elements to credit Heraclitus with the doctrine of Ekpyrosis, although, in all probability, the philosopher never provided an in-depth description of it. Finally, the same problem is analysed in relation to Diogenes of Babylon. In the most mature phase of his career, this Stoic departed from the Ekpyrosis doctrine of the early Stoics and especially of his master Chrysippus. The paper formulates some hypotheses on the reasons for this choice (arguing that it most probably reflects an original attitude towards Heraclitus on Diogenes’ part) and highlights that it was hardly an isolated, ‘heterodox’ stance during the final phase of the early Stoa.
Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagram of Case Hardening Steel by Instrumented Jominy Test
Authors: Hütter S. , Kauss N. , Halle T. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Determining the phase transition data of technological materials used for example to design heat treatment processes is generally a complex and labor-intensive process if high data fidelity is required. This work presents a method based on the standard Jominy end quench test with additional instrumentation that can generate many temperature histories required for the generation of continuous cooling diagrams at the same time, greatly simplifying the process. This method is applied to a simple 16MnCr5 case hardening steel to show the practical execution. The resulting diagram and microstructure is consistent with more complex test methods, showing good performance of the much simpler test method.