bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A massive Critically Endangered cloud forest tree, Microcos rumpi (Grewiaceae) new to science from the Rumpi Hills, SW Region, Cameroon
Authors: Cheek Martin , Edwards Sara , Onana Jean Michel 
Published: June 2023

SummaryWe describe Microcos rumpi (Grewiaceae) a massive new species to science from the Rumpi Hills of SW Region Cameroon, a proposed Tropical Important Plant Area. Confined on current evidence to submontane forest, the species is threatened by expanding habitat clearance for farms and is assessed as Critically Endangered. A large tree, attaining 35 – 40 m height, and 80 cm trunk diam. at 1.3 m above ground, its biomass is calculated as in the range of 7 – 8 metric tonnes. It is the third tree species of the genus recorded from Cameroon and only the fourth recorded west of D.R. Congo. A key to these four species is presented.The concept of Microcos in Africa in relation to Grewia is discussed, and three new combinations are made, transferring three species names from Grewia to Microcos: Microcos louisii (R.Wilczek) Cheek, M. evrardii (R.Wilczek) Cheek and M. schmitzii (R.Wilczek) Cheek.
Neuronal Histone Methyltransferase EZH2 Regulates Neuronal Morphogenesis, Synaptic Plasticity, and Cognitive Behavior in Mice
Authors: Zhang Mei , Zhang Yong , Xu Qian , Crawford Joshua , Qian Cheng , Wang Guo-Hua , Qian Jiang , Dong Xin-Zhong , Pletnikov Mikhail V. , Liu Chang-Mei , Zhou Feng-Quan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe histone methyltransferase enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit (EZH2)-mediated trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) regulates neural stem cell proliferation and fate specificity through silencing different gene sets in the central nervous system. Here, we explored the function of EZH2 in early post-mitotic neurons by generating a neuron-specific Ezh2 conditional knockout mouse line. The results showed that a lack of neuronal EZH2 led to delayed neuronal migration, more complex dendritic arborization, and increased dendritic spine density. Transcriptome analysis revealed that neuronal EZH2-regulated genes are related to neuronal morphogenesis. In particular, the gene encoding p21-activated kinase 3 (Pak3) was identified as a target gene suppressed by EZH2 and H3K27me3, and expression of the dominant negative Pak3 reversed Ezh2 knockout-induced higher dendritic spine density. Finally, the lack of neuronal EZH2 resulted in impaired memory behaviors in adult mice. Our results demonstrated that neuronal EZH2 acts to control multiple steps of neuronal morphogenesis during development, and has long-lasting effects on cognitive function in adult mice.
The Lambert function method in qualitative analysis of fractional delay differential equations
Authors: Čermák Jan , Kisela Tomáš , Nechvátal Luděk 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe discuss an analytical method for qualitative investigations of linear fractional delay differential equations. This method originates from the Lambert function technique that is traditionally used in stability analysis of ordinary delay differential equations. Contrary to the existing results based on such a technique, we show that the method can result into fully explicit stability criteria for a linear fractional delay differential equation, supported by a precise description of its asymptotics. As a by-product of our investigations, we also state alternate proofs of some classical assertions that are given in a more lucid form compared to the existing proofs.
Optimal interplanetary trajectories for Sun-facing ideal diffractive sails
Authors: Quarta Alessandro A. , Mengali Giovanni , Bassetto Marco , Niccolai Lorenzo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA diffractive sail is a solar sail whose exposed surface is covered by an advanced diffractive metamaterial film with engineered optical properties. This study examines the optimal performance of a diffractive solar sail with a Sun-facing attitude in a typical orbit-to-orbit heliocentric transfer. A Sun-facing attitude, which can be passively maintained through the suitable design of the sail shape, is obtained when the sail nominal plane is perpendicular to the Sun–spacecraft line. Unlike an ideal reflective sail, a Sun-facing diffractive sail generates a large transverse thrust component that can be effectively exploited to change the orbital angular momentum. Using a recent thrust model, this study determines the optimal control law of a Sun-facing ideal diffractive sail and simulates the minimum transfer times for a set of interplanetary mission scenarios. It also quantifies the performance difference between Sun-facing diffractive sail and reflective sail. A case study presents the results of a potential mission to the asteroid 16 Psyche.
Effects of abamectin and fipronil insecticides on the brain and compound eyes of the embryo of Heteracris littoralis (Rambur) (Orthoptera: Acrididae)
Authors: Abdel Rahman Khaled Mohamed 
Published: June 2023

AbstractChemical pesticides are essentially hazardous. The risks differ from compound to compound, and much of the information on their actions on insect development remains to be captured. The toxicity of abamectin (a macrocyclic lactone, acting on glutamate-gated chloride channels of insects), and fipronil (a phenylpyrazole, disrupting the GABA receptors) was given on embryos of the short-horned grasshopper Heteracris littoralis (Rambur, 1838) for the first time. Abamectin is 66 times more fatal than fipronil. Treated eggs with a sublethal dose gave a reduction up to 51% in hatchability as compared with normal eggs; yet, without any effect on the incubation period. Many embryos have stopped developing at certain developmental stages. The disruptive effects of both the tested chemicals on the brain and the compound eyes were described. The brain and the compound eyes were severely disrupted. The optic lobes appear small in size, and this led to the malformed compound eyes and optic nerves. The brain cells appeared loose and perhaps few in number. The neurosecretory materials carried in the neurosecretory cells were not clear. The neuropil was wide in the normal brain rather than in treated ones. Treated embryos suffered a shrinkage in ommatidia size and number, they are also irregular. Perhaps continued and precise studies should be made to minimize resistance, usually low doses enhance. Continuing studies on the tested pesticides may provide novel insights on their actions for more effective insect control strategies.
An active Indonesian male smoker with secondary spontaneous pneumothorax: A case report
Authors: Kudiarto  , Koesoemoprodjo Winariani 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP) is a rare disease that accumulates air in the pleural cavity caused by complications from previous illnesses.

Case presentation
An Indonesian male, 59 years old, complained of breathlessness and chest pain. The patient was examined for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and not detected. Chest X-ray and thorax high-resolution computer tomography (HRCT) scan showed SSP and centrilobular emphysema in the left hemithorax. The patient underwent water seal drainage (WSD) installation on the left lung and experienced improvement and was followed up every month in the outpatient clinic.

Clinical discussion
Diagnosis of SSP is based on age, gender, smoker, and radiological description. WSD installation in the left lung showed improvement and did not experience recurrence because several cases were reported to have been repaired without surgery.

Conclusion
Conservative management is the first recommendation in the SSP case if it increases the prognosis without surgery.

Highlights
Self-Reported Injuries in Indoor Gym-Based Rock Climbers: A Retrospective Study of Predictors of Prolonged Injury and Seeking Medical Care
Authors: Leung Jonathan , Petrin Ziva , Southern William 
Published: June 2023

Introduction Indoor climbing injuries are often related to overuse, and climbers choose between self-management and seeing a medical practitioner. This study evaluated predictors of prolonged injury and seeking medical care for indoor climbing injuries. Methods A convenience sample of adult climbers from 5 gyms in New York City was interviewed about injuries over the past 3 y, because of which they stopped climbing for at least a week or saw a medical practitioner. Results In total, 122 of 284 (43%) participants had at least 1 injury, for a total of 158 injuries. Fifty (32%) were prolonged, lasting at least 12 wk. Predictors of prolonged injury included older age (odds ratio [OR], 2.28, per 10-y increase; 95% CI, 1.31–3.96), hours per week spent climbing (OR, 1.14, per 1-h increase; 95% CI, 1.06–1.24), climbing difficulty (OR, 2.19, per difficulty group increase; 95% CI, 1.31–3.66), and years of climbing experience (OR, 3.99, per 5-y increase; 95% CI, 1.61–9.84). Only 38% of injuries were seen by a medical practitioner. Predictors of seeking care included prolonged injury (OR, 3.04; 95% CI, 1.39–6.64) and rope climbing preference (OR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.02–3.82). The most common theme for seeking care was serious pain or interference with climbing or daily activities. Conclusions Despite prolonged injuries being common, especially in older, more experienced, and higher-level climbers, only a third of climbers with injuries seek medical care. Outside of injuries causing minimal pain or limitation, those who self-managed reported receiving advice from other climbers or online research as a prominent reason for that choice.
Trends in 2-1-1 Calls During Public Health Emergencies, Overall and By Gender: Hurricane Irma and COVID-19 in Broward County, Florida
Authors: Landis Rachel K. , Fischer Shira H. , Acosta Joie , Faherty Laura J. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Trends in 2-1-1 calls reflect evolving community needs during public health emergencies (PHEs). The study examined how changes in 2-1-1 call volume after 2 PHEs (Hurricane Irma and the coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19] pandemic declaration) in Broward County, Florida, varied by PHE type and whether variations differed by gender and over time. Examining 2-1-1 calls during June to December 2016, June to December 2017, and March 2019 to April 2021, this study measured changes in call volume post-PHEs using interrupted time series analysis. Hurricane Irma and the COVID-19 pandemic were associated with increases in call volume (+81 calls/d and +84 calls/d, respectively). Stratified by gender, these PHEs were associated with larger absolute increases for women (+66 and +57 calls/d vs +15 and +27 calls/d for men) but larger percent increases above their baseline for men (+143% and +174% vs +119% and +138% for women). Calls by women remained elevated longer after Hurricane Irma (5 wk vs 1 wk), but the opposite pattern was observed after the pandemic declaration (8 vs 21 wk). PHEs reduce gender differences in help-seeking around health-related social needs. Findings demonstrate the utility of 2-1-1 call data for monitoring and responding to evolving community needs in the PHE context.
The emergence of lower-alcohol beverages: The case of beer
Authors: Anderson Kym 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAnother quiet revolution is taking place in the alcoholic beverage markets: a trend toward lower-alcohol and even no-alcohol beverages, especially in the world's higher-income countries. This new trend adds to the long-term consumer trend in affluent countries of substituting quality for quantity in many of their purchases (premiumization), which, in the case of alcoholic beverages, has been driven largely by a desire for a healthier lifestyle. More-affluent consumers also desire a greater variety than is typically available from large producers of regular products, which has led to a craft beverage revolution. Both desires—for lower-alcohol beverages and a greater variety of quality offerings—are driving this so-called low- or no-alcohol revolution. The trend is just beginning to show up in wine (and spirits) markets, but it began developing much earlier in beer markets. The purpose of this paper is to explore the extent of the latter and the consumer forces behind it. Since Australian brewers are leading the way globally in building various Lo-No beer categories, and thereby contributing substantially to lowering that nation's alcohol consumption, its trends are highlighted and compared with global trends. The paper concludes by drawing out lessons and prospects for lower-alcohol beer and wine.
A comparative analysis of the chromosomes of three FARQ species complex members,Ceratitis rosa,C. quilicii, andC. fasciventrisF2 (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: Drosopoulou Elena , Gariou-Papalexiou Angeliki , Gouvi Georgia , Augustinos Antonios A. , Bourtzis Kostas , Zacharopoulou Antigone 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTheCeratitisFARQ species complex consists of four highly destructive agricultural pests of Africa, namelyC. fasciventris,C. anonae,C. rosa, andC. quilicii. The members of the complex are considered very closely related and the species limits among them are rather obscure. Their economic significance and the need for developing biological methods for their control makes species identification within the complex an important issue, which has become clear that can only be addressed by multidisciplinary approaches. Chromosomes, both mitotic and polytene, can provide a useful tool for species characterization and phylogenetic inference among closely related dipteran species. In the current study, we present the mitotic karyotype and the polytene chromosomes ofC. rosaandC. quiliciitogether within situhybridization data. We performed a comparative cytogenetic analysis among the above two species andC. fasciventris, the only other cytogenetically studied member of the FARQ complex, by comparing the mitotic complement and the banding pattern of the polytene chromosomes of each species to the others, as well as by studying the polytene chromosomes of hybrids between them. Our analysis revealed no detectable chromosomal rearrangements discriminating the three FARQ members studied, confirming their close phylogenetic relationships.
Uncertainty management in regulatory and health technology assessment decision-making on drugs: guidance of the HTAi-DIA Working Group
Authors: Hogervorst Milou Amber , Vreman Rick , Heikkinen Inkatuuli , Bagchi Indranil , Gutierrez-Ibarluzea Inaki , Ryll Bettina , Eichler Hans-Georg , Petelos Elena , Tunis Sean , Sapede Claudine , Goettsch Wim , Janssens Rosanne , Huys Isabelle , Barbier Liese , DeJean Deirdre , Strammiello Valentina , Lingri Dimitra , Goodall Melinda , Papadaki Magdalini , Toussi Massoud , Voulgaraki Despina , Mitan Ania , Oortwijn Wija 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Uncertainty is a fundamental component of decision making regarding access to and pricing and reimbursement of drugs. The context-specific interpretation and mitigation of uncertainty remain major challenges for decision makers. Following the 2021 HTAi Global Policy Forum, a cross-sectoral, interdisciplinary HTAi-DIA Working Group (WG) was initiated to develop guidance to support stakeholder deliberation on the systematic identification and mitigation of uncertainties in the regulatory-HTA interface.

Methods
Six online discussions among WG members (Dec 2021–Sep 2022) who examined the output of a scoping review, two literature-based case studies and a survey; application of the initial guidance to a real-world case study; and two international conference panel discussions.

Results
The WG identified key concepts, clustered into twelve building blocks that were collectively perceived to define uncertainty: “unavailable,” “inaccurate,” “conflicting,” “not understandable,” “random variation,” “information,” “prediction,” “impact,” “risk,” “relevance,” “context,” and “judgment.” These were converted into a checklist to explain and define whether any issue constitutes a decision-relevant uncertainty. A taxonomy of domains in which uncertainty may exist within the regulatory-HTA interface was developed to facilitate categorization. The real-world case study was used to demonstrate how the guidance may facilitate deliberation between stakeholders and where additional guidance development may be needed.

Conclusions
The systematic approach taken for the identification of uncertainties in this guidance has the potential to facilitate understanding of uncertainty and its management across different stakeholders involved in drug development and evaluation. This can improve consistency and transparency throughout decision processes. To further support uncertainty management, linkage to suitable mitigation strategies is necessary.
Myhre syndrome: expanding its paediatric phenotypic spectrum
Authors: Brunet-Garcia Laia , Prada Martínez Fredy Hermógenes , Carretero Bellon Juan Manuel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMyhre syndrome is a rare disease secondary to pathogenic variants in SMAD4 gene. It is a multisystem disease characterised by short stature, deafness, joint stiffness, craniofacial dysmorphism, and potential cardiac manifestations. Herein, we report two new paediatric cases of Myhre syndrome who, additionally, presented with mid-aortic syndrome. This confirms and extends the scarce reports describing the association between these two entities.
Children’s visual acuity tests without professional supervision: a prospective repeated measures study
Authors: Osborne Daniel , Steele Aimee , Evans Megan , Ellis Helen , Pancholi Roshni , Harding Tomos , Dee Jessica , Leary Rachel , Bradshaw Jeremy , O’Flynn Elizabeth , Self Jay E. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Home visual acuity tests could ease pressure on ophthalmic services by facilitating remote review of patients. Home tests may have further utility in giving service users frequent updates of vision outcomes during therapy, identifying vision problems in an asymptomatic population, and engaging stakeholders in therapy.

Methods
Children attending outpatient clinics had visual acuity measured 3 times at the same appointment: Once by a registered orthoptist per clinical protocols, once by an orthoptist using a tablet-based visual acuity test (iSight Test Pro, Kay Pictures), and once by an unsupervised parent/carer using the tablet-based test.

Results
In total, 42 children were recruited to the study. The mean age was 5.6 years (range 3.3 to 9.3 years). Median and interquartile ranges (IQR) for clinical standard, orthoptic-led and parent/carer-led iSight Test Pro visual acuity measurements were 0.155 (0.18 IQR), 0.180 (0.26 IQR), and 0.300 (0.33 IQR) logMAR respectively. The iSight Test Pro in the hands of parents/carers was significantly different from the standard of care measurements (P = 0.008). In the hands of orthoptists. There was no significant difference between orthoptists using the iSight Test Pro and standard of care (P = 0.289), nor between orthoptist iSight Test Pro and parents/carer iSight Test Pro measurements (P = 0.108).

Conclusion
This technique of unsupervised visual acuity measures for children is not comparable to clinical measures and is unlikely to be valuable to clinical decision making. Future work should focus on improving the accuracy of the test through better training, equipment/software or supervision/support.
Mental health problems and resilience in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic in a post-armed conflict area in Colombia
Authors: Gómez-Restrepo Carlos , Sarmiento-Suárez María José , Alba-Saavedra Magda , Calvo-Valderrama María Gabriela , Rincón-Rodríguez Carlos Javier , González-Ballesteros Lina María , Bird Victoria , Priebe Stefan , van Loggerenberg Francois 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health of adolescents are emerging and require particular attention in settings where challenges like armed conflict, poverty and internal displacement have previously affected their mental wellbeing. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety symptoms, depressive symptomatology, probable post-traumatic stress disorder and resilience in school-attending adolescents in a post-conflict area of Tolima, Colombia during the COVID-19. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 657 adolescents from 12 to 18 years old, recruited by convenience sampling in 8 public schools in the south of Tolima, Colombia, who completed a self-administered questionnaire. Mental health information was obtained through screening scales for anxiety symptoms (GAD-7), depressive symptomatology (PHQ-8), probable post-traumatic stress disorder (PCL-5) and resilience (CD-RISC-25). The prevalence observed for moderate to severe anxiety symptoms was 18.9% (95% CI 16.0–22.1) and for moderate to severe depressive symptomatology was 30.0% (95% CI 26.5–33.7). A prevalence of probable post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) of 22.3% (95% CI 18.1–27.2) was found. The CD-RISC-25 results for resilience had a median score of 54 [IQR 30]. These results suggest that approximately two-thirds of school-attending adolescents in this post-conflict area experienced at least one mental health problem such as anxiety symptoms, depressive symptomatology or probable PTSD during the COVID-19 pandemic. Future studies are of interest to establish the causal relationship between these findings and the impact of the pandemic. These findings highlight the challenge that schools have after pandemic to address the mental health of their students in order to promoting adequate coping strategies and implement prompt multidisciplinary interventions to reduce the burden of mental health problems in adolescents.
Affective state estimation based on Russell’s model and physiological measurements
Authors: Cittadini Roberto , Tamantini Christian , Scotto di Luzio Francesco , Lauretti Clemente , Zollo Loredana , Cordella Francesca 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAffective states are psycho-physiological constructs connecting mental and physiological processes. They can be represented in terms of arousal and valence according to the Russel’s model and can be extracted from physiological changes in human body. However, a well-established optimal feature set and a classification method effective in terms of accuracy and estimation time are not present in the literature. This paper aims at defining a reliable and efficient approach for real-time affective state estimation. To obtain this, the optimal physiological feature set and the most effective machine learning algorithm, to cope with binary as well as multi-class classification problems, were identified. ReliefF feature selection algorithm was implemented to define a reduced optimal feature set. Supervised learning algorithms, such as K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), cubic and gaussian Support Vector Machine, and Linear Discriminant Analysis, were implemented to compare their effectiveness in affective state estimation. The developed approach was tested on physiological signals acquired on 20 healthy volunteers during the administration of images, belonging to the International Affective Picture System, conceived for inducing different affective states. ReliefF algorithm reduced the number of physiological features from 23 to 13. The performances of machine learning algorithms were compared and the experimental results showed that both accuracy and estimation time benefited from the optimal feature set use. Furthermore, the KNN algorithm resulted to be the most suitable for affective state estimation. The results of the assessment of arousal and valence states on 20 participants indicate that KNN classifier, adopted with the 13 identified optimal features, is the most effective approach for real-time affective state estimation.