bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Methods for Path Averaged Attenuated Travel Time Estimation using The Grid Search, Metropolis Algorithm, and Combined Method
Authors: Ryanto Theo Alvin , Nugraha Andri Dian , Putra Ade Surya 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Attenuated travel time (t*) is one of the key parameters to estimate the seismic attenuation structure. The t* parameter quantifies the amplitude decay of seismic waves and is used as an input for the seismic attenuation tomography method. The Attenuation parameters could be estimated using a spectral fitting procedure from the amplitude spectra equation to obtain the corner frequency (fc), long-period spectral level (Ω0), and t* values for each pair of stations and events. We compared the grid search, metropolis, and combined algorithm for estimating the attenuation parameters with 15 predefined parameters synthetic data. The result showed that the combined method approach could estimate parameters better than the conventional hyperparameter inversion method (i.e., grid search, random search).
Development of Peak Ground Motion Acceleration Map of Surabaya City based on Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis
Authors: Rahmatullah F.S. , Puspito N.T. , Yudistira T. , Wallansha R. , Habibah N.F. , Silvia U.N. , Nagari A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The city of Surabaya is a densely populated city with a diverse array of structural and infrastructural developments. In addition to these, the city is equipped with vital systems that support daily life; however, it faces a significant risk of earthquake disasters. Rapid urban development and population growth further exacerbate this risk. This study aims to implement preventive and mitigation strategies through the application of earthquake-resistant building regulations, guided by Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA). The PSHA approach incorporates various data sources, including seismicity background data, fault geometry, and subduction zone information within a 500-kilometer radius of the study area. The analysis computes Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) values at bedrock, considering a 2% probability of exceedance over a 50-year duration. Preliminary results indicate that the PGA values on bedrock for Surabaya range from 0.314 to 0.538 g. For a period of 0.2 seconds, the values range from 0.759 to 1.308 g, while for a period of 1 second, they range from 0.192 to 0.321 g. Future studies will expand this analysis to include other major cities across Indonesia.
Prediction of Land Subsidence in the Bandung Basin Through Integrated CPTu Data Analysis for Geohazard Mitigation
Authors: Maryudhaningrum Santika Tristi , Sadisun Imam Achmad , Sarah Dwi , Soebowo Eko , Satriyo Nugroho Aji 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Land subsidence is a geological phenomenon characterized by the gradual lowering of the land surface due to the movement or compaction of subsurface materials. With the increasing population and industrial growth driven by its designation as a National Strategic Area, the Bandung Basin has become more susceptible to natural disasters, including land subsidence. Measurements using the Global Positioning System (GPS) and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) indicate that the Bandung Basin is experiencing ground subsidence at 8 cm to 23 cm per year. To reveal subsurface conditions, we conducted site investigations using Cone Penetration Tests with pore pressure measurement (CPTu) at representative locations. This study involved 12 CPTu points with depths ranging from 6 to 47 meters. Interpretation of Soil Behavior Type (SBT) was conducted from the CPTu data to determine the subsurface lithology of the Bandung Basin. The correlation of CPTu data indicates that the subsurface layers of the Bandung Basin, up to a depth of 40 meters, consist of thick, compressive clay lithology, which poses a significant risk of land subsidence. This research aims to predict land subsidence due to natural consolidation factors using subsurface profiles based on CPTu data. The land subsidence analysis method employed is the one-dimensional consolidation method. The analysis results indicate that the potential for land subsidence ranges from 0.05 to 0.46 meters over a maximum period of 1.35 to 224.9 years. These predictions are expected to provide accurate and effective guidelines for mitigation efforts.
Shallow Hazard Assessment for Pre-Drilling Evaluations Using Seismic Attributes in Sepinggan Field
Authors: Rakhmawati L.A. , Sihole B.M. , Zulharman A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Shallow hazard analysis is crucial in pre-drilling evaluations, especially in prospective offshore fields. Overlooking hazards in shallow sections may result in drilling complications such as borehole rupture due to gas pockets and borehole losses caused by the presence of coal seams and carbonates. These hazards could not only disrupt operations but also lead to catastrophic disasters, including instant rig blowouts, underground fracturing, loss of materials, environmental issues, and even loss of life. Despite the installation of a diverter and a Blow-Out Preventer (BOP), a shallow hazards assessment is still necessary to avoid such events. Our study explores the potential of shallow hazards by employing 2D high-resolution seismic data from the Sepinggan Field. The Sepinggan Field is located offshore of East Kalimantan and is identified as an inner shelf with deltaic influence. Coal seams and sand gas layers in this field contributed to gas peaks. We applied the RMS amplitude and the sweetness seismic attributes to reveal amplitude anomalies related to shallow hazards. RMS amplitude is a reliable attribute that highlights high amplitude values, supporting the identification of bright spots and amplitude anomalies. Additionally, sweetness attributes effectively identify the area of interest in the seismic section by characterizing the combination of high amplitude and low frequency. The findings were illustrated by an average energy map and a maximum amplitude map. Those amplitude-based attributes help us emphasize gas zones and lateral continuity of gas-charged sediments. The analysis results were validated using total gas data and drilling events. These insights and evaluations provide valuable insight for well-drilling planning to anticipate hazards.
Analysis on activity aspect of sense of place in the context of low cost vertical housing
Authors: Ramadhani A N , Setijanti P , Hayati Arina 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The sense of place theory is concerned with the subjective perception of humans towards their environment, shaped by their experiences and emotions. Several factors influence the emergence of a sense of place, including form, activity, and meaning. This study focuses on the analysis of the activity aspect of a sense of place in the context of low-cost vertical housing, a dynamic and diverse setting. The activity aspect of the sense of place refers to the functional capacity of a setting to accommodate user activity. Vitality and diversity are two critical aspects that determine the ability of a place to accommodate variations in user activity and different activities at different times, respectively. This study aims to identify activity aspects through the tracing of activity patterns that analyze user behavior towards a place. This research applied a mixed methods strategy, which combines qualitative and quantitative research with quantitative as the dominant method. The survey was conducted by distributing questionnaires to 114 occupants using simple random sampling. There are 7 indicators of questionnaire questions related to activities including diversity and vitality indicators. The analysis technique used is a descriptive statistical analysis of respondents’ assessments using a Likert scale. Besides that, this research also traces residents’ activity patterns with timelapse videos, which are then validated through interviews to synthesize the results and draw conclusions. The findings of this research are expected to contribute to the development of a sense of place theory in the field of environmental behavior studies, specifically within the context of low-cost vertical housing which is distinguished by a distinctive and singular character.
Evacuation Behaviour Prediction Through Space Syntax-Based Agent Simulation at Sentra Tahu Cibuntu Bandung
Authors: Kustianingrum Dwi , Haerdy Ratu Sonya Mentari 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The development of the theory of spatial syntax is currently being employed in a number of different contexts, including the creation of evacuation plans. In order to predict the movement and utilisation of individuals within buildings and urban environments, space syntax derives a set of analytical measures pertaining to the configuration of streets. In this research, space syntax theory is employed as the foundation for simulating agents in the context of fire evacuation and wayfinding in segregated spaces in informal settlements that evolve spontaneously and incrementally. The research sample was the Sentra Tahu Cibuntu (Cibuntu Tofu Center). This is an informal settlement with an unplanned spatial configuration. The method employed is a space syntax-based agent simulation utilising DepthMapX 0.8 software in the most segregated area. The objective is to predict evacuation pathways in areas susceptible to natural disasters, crime, and health-related hazards. The findings demonstrate that residents consistently gravitate towards open areas. In this context, open spaces emerge as generators of human movement based on their visual perspective.
Classification of Edible Salts Using Raman Spectroscopy Coupled with Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Ganash Entesar , Alsufyani Daniah , Altuwirqi Reem Mohammad 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Raman Spectroscopy is an effective optical technique for molecular vibration modes analysis. It has numerous advantages, such as being easy and rapid with no loss of accuracy, and can be applied to diverse samples. A Raman spectrum can be regarded as a fingerprint of the structure of molecules, which assists in characterizing materials. In this work, Raman Spectroscopy coupled with an exploratory tool such as principal components analysis (PCA) is applied to identify and categorize 24 edible salts available in the local market of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The results show the effectiveness of Raman spectroscopy and PCA analysis in discriminating the kinds of edible salts based on their origin (rock or sea). This was accomplished by analyzing a narrow region between 2800-3800 cm-1 (OH band), which was a sufficient region to obtain excellent discrimination between the salt samples based on their origin with a separation accuracy of 95%. However, the technique was not successful in detecting the differences between natural and refined salts. This suggests the difficulty in distinguishing the chemically treated refined salts through Raman spectroscopy. This study could be used to classify edible salts based on their origin.
Investigating the Efficacy of Metakaolin based Alkali Activated Materials for Efficient Removal of Nickel and Lead Ions
Authors: Ibrahim Masdiyana , Ahmad Zaidi Fakhryna Hannanee , Wan Ibrahim Wan Mastura , AHMAD ROMISUHANI , Abdullah Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri , Noorlin Farezad Faidhi , Azahar Raqibahtul Husna 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study presents a comprehensive investigation into the efficacy of metakaolin based alkali activated materials for the efficient removal of nickel and lead ions from aqueous solutions. The synthesis process involved the preparation of porous structures with high porosity, leading to an expanded surface area and an increased number of sorption sites. By applying alkali activation to the metakaolin, the reactivity is enhanced, forming hydrated phases that exhibited exceptional adsorption properties. This study examined the ideal sodium hydroxide molarity and metakaolin/activator ratios for producing metakaolin-based alkali activated materials based on the physical properties and capacity to adsorb nickel and lead ions. The solution with 10M sodium hydroxide and a 0.8 solid-to-liquid ratio had the best nickel and lead ion removal efficiency. This ratio formed metakaolin-based alkali-activated materials with suitable physical properties and porosity for efficient adsorption. The results demonstrated an outstanding removal efficiency of nickel and lead ions of 95.78% and 93.7%, respectively within 60 minutes contact duration. Moreover, the optimal ratio revealed to a evolution of muscovite phases that enhances adsorption capacity and removal efficiency.The adsorption process was found to be rapid coupled with promising structural properties, highlighting the potential of the metakaolin-based alkali-activated materials as an adsorbent for efficient heavy metal removal.
Representing the drivers of lifestyle change in Integrated Assessment Models using theories from environmental psychology: introducing the Motivation, Agency, and Past Behaviour (MAP) framework
Authors: van Valkengoed Anne M. , Perlaviciute Goda , Steg Linda 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Sustainable lifestyle changes are an important demand-side solution to reducing CO2 emissions. While sustainable lifestyles are increasingly included in integrated assessment models, modellers have so far not managed to realistically model what drives changes in lifestyles. Important questions about the feasibility and likelihood of lifestyle change, and how lifestyle changes can be accelerated or promoted thus go unanswered. Environmental psychology is a discipline dedicated to understanding environmental behaviour, and its theories and findings could therefore be instrumental to informing the modelling of lifestyle change in integrated assessment models. Yet, we identify two barriers currently hindering the systematic integration of this knowledge into integrated assessment modelling. The first barrier is plurality: there are many theories and findings that are potentially relevant to modelling lifestyle change, but guidance is lacking on which to apply when. The second barrier is ambiguity: many theories in psychology are not precise enough to unambiguously translate them into a mathematical model. To overcome the barrier of plurality, we introduce the Motivation, Agency, and Past behaviour (MAP) framework, which summarises and integrates the insights of 8 prominent behavioural theories used in environmental psychology and that can be used to determine which theories and determinants are most relevant for specific modelling applications. To overcome the barrier of ambiguity, we identify three areas where the precision of theorizing in environmental psychology can be improved, namely definitions and consistent use of constructs, the specification of relationships between constructs, and describing the strength and boundary conditions of these relationships. We urge for closer collaborations between modellers and environmental psychologists to successfully model the drivers and impacts of sustainable lifestyle change.
Micro/nano-manufacturing of bioinspired blood-repellent surfaces for extreme application in surgical electrodes
Authors: Li Kaikai , Xie Yingxi , Shen Pengyu , Yu Min , Gao Jiao , Bi Junming , Wang Long , Lu Longsheng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Surgical electrodes are frequently associated with disadvantages such as high surface adhesion and severe thermal damage to tissues, which threaten operation quality and patient safety. In this study, by mimicking the micromorphology and bio-anti-adhesion of shark skin, we propose a strategy that utilises nanoscale aluminium oxide (Al2O3) films deposited on bioinspired shark skin (BSS) microstructures to design a composite surface (Al2O3@BSS) and integrate it onto both flat sides of the surgical electrodes. Micro/nano-manufacturing of the Al2O3@BSS surface was sequentially accomplished using nanosecond laser texturing, atomic layer deposition, and low-temperature annealing, endowing it with excellent blood-repellent properties. Visualisation experiments revealed that the tensile stress gradient of the blood coagulum with increasing thickness under a thermal field prompted it to separate from the Al2O3@BSS surface, resulting in anti-adhesion. Furthermore, it was observed for the first time that Al2O3 films can transiently excite discharge along a dielectric surface (DADS) to ablate tissues while suppressing Joule heat, thereby minimising thermal damage. A combination of ex vivo tissue and living mouse experiments demonstrated that the Al2O3@BSS electrodes exhibited optimal comprehensive performance in terms of anti-adhesion, damage minimisation, and drag reduction. In addition, the Al2O3@BSS electrode exhibited remarkable antibacterial efficacy against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The proposed strategy can meet the extreme application requirements of surgical electrodes to improve operation quality and offer valuable insights for future studies.
Towards quality controllable strategies in wire-arc directed energy deposition
Authors: Gao Hanqi , Li Hengrui , Shao Dandan , Fang Naiwen , Miao Yugang , pan zengxi , Li Huijun , Zhang Bo , Peng Zhike , Wu Bintao 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Wire-arc directed energy deposition (wire-arc DED) enables the fabrication of large-scale metal components with rapid manufacturing ability and diverse material selection, making it a compelling technology in industries and defenses. However, challenges in both macroscale and microscale defects still limit printed component widespread applications. Recent advances in automatic and intelligent technologies have brought a range of quality controllable strategies to the forefront. This review covers these new strategies to the printing component, including path planning, process monitoring, auxiliary processes and post processing, while discussing the expectation for structure and quality improvement. In addition, the work brings new areas of intelligent wire-arc DED development, including advances in digital twin, visualization and human-processing interaction to promote its performance. It is anticipated that a focus on intelligent system will be key to enabling smart and high-quality manufacturing for future wire-arc DED.
Optimal high-order super-twisting sliding mode controller based on multi-objective equilibrium optimizer to accurately track maximum power point of photovoltaic system
Authors: Abertavi Abdollah , Jabbari Masoud , Solookinejad Ghahraman 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The Photovoltaic (PV) system has been recently attained a considerable interest around the world due to their sustainability, limitlessness and cleanliness. Despite that, the PV system must be equipped with an accurate and robust tracker to enhance its operational efficiency using maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control system. In virtue of inefficient performance of traditional MPPT controller, high fluctuation occurs around the MPP during irradiation and temperature variations. To reach an exact and reliable solution, Sliding Mode Controller (SMC)-based MPPT as a robust and non-linear tracker has been structured. But, the chattering phenomenon in conventional SMC can considerably impact on the controller tracking performance and system stability. Hence, this paper proposes a novel high-order super-twisting SMC (HOSTSMC)-based incremental conductance strategy as MPPT controller of PV system to accurately and smoothly track MPP with low chattering ripple and steady-state error under varying irradiation and temperature conditions. The imprecise adjustment of controller parameters according to the several objectives cannot lead to correct result. So, the MPPT control scheme is improved by the multi-objective equilibrium optimizer (MOEO) thanks to its exploration-exploitation dominance technique. To evaluate the performance of proposed MPPT controller, it has been compared with conventional incremental conductance-based MPPT, SMC-based MPPT and fuzzy SMC-based MPPT. The chattering ripple percentage (|PPV,max-PPV,min|/Pref*100) has been respectively extracted 0.0467%, 0.207%, 0.473% and 0.234% for proposed HOSTSMC controller, Fuzzy-SMC controller, conventional SMC controller and conventional incremental conductance, and also steady-state deviation percentage (|PPV-Pref|/Pref*100) has been respectively attained 0.3681%, 0.403%, 0.624% and 0.971% for these mentioned controllers. At last, both the prominent factors have clearly validated the high tracking performance of HOSTSMC-based incremental conductance with low steady-state deviation and chattering ripple as compared to other controllers.
Design of Compact and High-Performance SRAM Cell in QCA Technology for Next-Generation Memories
Authors: Rathore Nitesh Kumar , Beohar Ankur , Singh Pooran 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The most significant high-speed memory used in random access memories (RAMs) is static random-access memory (SRAM). SRAM is fast and robust but confronts design issues in sub-nanoscale complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS), including leakage current, area, and stability. A different technology that can be utilized as an alternative to overcome the limitations of traditional SRAM is Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) technology. In this work, a QCA-based SRAM cell is implemented using three 3-input majority gates and an inverter which significantly improves the minimal waste area, layout area, overall cell counts, QCA cost, and the clock delay (latency). The layout has 25 cell counts with an SRAM cell size of 0.02µm2 and a clock latency of 0.5 phases. Compared to a standard existing design, our proposed circuit achieves an improvement of 76% in cell counts, 84.6% in SRAM cell area, and 98.7% in QCA cost, demonstrating its potential for cost-efficient applications in modern electronic devices.
Thermal analysis on the impact of different velocity calculation methods for microchannel liquid cooling system in GPUs
Authors: Praveen S.M. , A Rammohan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Recently, computational tasks are carried out by GPUs which consists of hundreds of cores that compute at higher speeds to provide systematic results. The computational power of GPUs suffers significant disadvantage in the form of heat emission. Traditional liquid cooling methods circulate the working fluid at constant velocity irrespective of the temperature raised. To mitigate the effects of improper cooling, the research focuses on analysing liquid cooling system for GPUs where Ethylene Glycol 40 was circulated through 20 microchannels at different velocities and thermal behaviour was analysed using a CFD analysis software. The paper aims to provide a clarity on the methods to calculate velocity for simulation approach. The velocity was calculated using two distinct approaches, the first approach uses the mass flow rate equation and second approach uses Reynolds number equation considering laminar flow. On assuming three different values for mass flow rate and Reynolds number, the velocity of the fluid is calculated. For Mass Flow rate of 0.1 g/s, 0.2 g/s and 0.3 g/s, the obtained velocities were 0.01886 m/s, 0.03773 m/s and 0.05659 m/s respectively. For Reynolds number of 10, 20 and 30, the obtained velocities were 0.04 m/s, 0.09 m/s and 0.1422 m/s respectively. The analysis proved that at lower velocities, the working fluid was not effective in carrying the heat but at higher velocities the temperature reduction was higher; displaying the ability of the coolant to absorb heat depending on the velocity. With the temperature data from the simulation, the heat transfer rates were calculated as 10352.4049 J, 7948.3535 J, 7711.2185 J, 6719.9088 J, 5318.3105 J, 3976.2213 J for 0.01886 m/s, 0.03773 m/s, 0.04 m/s, 0.05659 m/s, 0.09 m/s and 0.1422 m/s respectively. The analysis concludes that by changing the velocity of the working fluid, the thermal management system can work effectively under different scenarios.