bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous total occlusion due to spasm of 2 main coronary arteries: A case report
Authors: Wang Yajing , Si Ganggang , Li Xiangbing , Li Jianjun , Zhang Ruxia , Pan Sancong 
Published: January 2023

Rationale:
Coronary artery spasm (CAS) defined by severe reversible focal or diffuse vasoconstriction, plays an essential role in the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndrome but is not very common in the clinic. Due to its transience, it is difficult to diagnose CAS directly, many patients are diagnosed by clinical experience. Here, we report the diagnosis and treatment of a rare case of simultaneous total occlusion due to spasm of the two main coronary arteries by coronary angiography (CAG).

Patient concerns:
A 47-year-old man with no medical history was admitted to our emergency room complaining of sudden-onset chest pain lasting 3 hours. Emergency CAG showed total occlusion of the proximal left anterior descending artery and right coronary artery.

Diagnoses:
Acute myocardial infarction caused by CAS was diagnosed, according to CAG findings and test results.

Interventions:
Intracoronary injection of nitroglycerin and anti-spasm medication.

Outcomes:
The patient was discharged on the 8th day with complete resolution of symptoms and normalization of the electrocardiography findings. No ischemic events occurred during a follow-up for 27 months.

Lessons:
This case highlights the significance of identifying CAS in patients with acute myocardial infarction and avoiding blind interventional stent therapy, which requires closer attention from clinicians.
Case series: Montgomery T-tube placement for subglottic tracheal stenosis: a report of 3 cases
Authors: Hong Ping-Yang , Huang Mao-Hong , Zhan Feng-Fu , Lin Yi-Li , Qiu Shao-Zhao , Zhang Xiao-Bin 
Published: January 2023

Rationale:
Subglottic tracheal stenosis is stenosis of the trachea between the vocal cords and the lower margin of the cricoid cartilage. The Montgomery T-tube is used as a tracheostomy tube and a combined tracheal stent to avoid postoperative tracheal stenosis.

Patient concerns:
Because the stenosis is close to the glottis, surgical treatment is complex, and many complications may arise.

Diagnoses:
Subglottic tracheal stenosis.

Interventions:
The patients underwent endotracheal intubation or tracheotomy because of acute pancreatitis, laryngeal malignancy, or cerebral hemorrhage after endotracheal intubation or tracheotomy and presented with varying degrees of tracheal stenosis and dyspnea. We relieved airway stenosis and improved dyspnea in these 3 patients by placing a Montgomery T-tube.

Outcomes:
None of the 3 patients had intraoperative complications. In 2 of the cases, airway secretions were stored after surgery.

Lessons:
Montgomery T-tube placement is safe and effective for patients with complex subglottic tracheal stenosis.
Case report of intracranial large vessel occlusion in glioblastoma multiforme patient after radiation therapy
Authors: Chien-Tung Yang , Chen Chun-Chung 
Published: January 2023

Introduction:
Vasculopathy of the large arteries is a prominent complication of radiotherapy. Radiation-induced cerebral vasculopathy can cause arterial stenosis/occlusion, cerebral hemorrhage, and aneurysm formation. We report a cases of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) with occlusive radiation vasculopathy (ORV).

Case presentation:
This 28-year-old patient who suffered from GBM had surgery for cytoreduction and received postoperative CCRT. We adopted the radiotherapy and oncology group radiation guideline. This patient had cerebrovascular accident episodes without any known risk. Therefore, ORV was highly suspected and vascular stenosis was confirmed using magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) or digital subtraction angiography. Extracranial-intracranial bypass was performed and patency was confirmed. The patient had not suffered from recurrent symptoms of transient ischemic attack or ischemic stroke for 1.5 years.

Discussion:
This is the first article to report bypass surgery for GBM patients. Although the median survival rate of GBM is approximately 15 months, the short survival time may be sufficient for occlusive vasculopathy to occur. Regular follow-up magnetic resonance imaging assessments are recommended, as is MRA as a screening tool for the early diagnosis of ORV.
The Stenting versus Aggressive Medical Management for Preventing Recurrent Stroke in Intracranial Stenosis (SAMMPRIS) trial focused on atherosclerotic intracranial arterial stenosis, revealing that aggressive medical management was superior to stenting for secondary stroke prevention; however, it did not mention radiation-induced vasculopathy. Bypass surgery has yielded some positive outcomes. In the absence of contraindications, antiplatelet or anticoagulation agents could be added, and bypass surgery could be performed because there was no stent in the distal intracranial arteries.

Conclusion:
MRA is a potential screening tool for ORV in GBM patients and bypass surgery could be performed to improve brain perfusion. Bypass surgery could help patient with occlusive radiation vasculopathy
Randomized Controlled Study of Self-Managed Music-Guided Exercise Intervention Following Intensive Care
Authors: Liang Zhan , Munro Cindy , Yip Hilary , Ji Ming , Moore Kimberly Sena , Ferreira Tanira , Signorile Joseph F. , Pan Yue 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Patients who are discharged from ICU (ICU survivors) often experience persistent physical impairment.

Objective
To explore the effects of a self-managed, music-guided exercise intervention on physical outcomes and adherence rates among ICU survivors.

Methods
A randomized controlled design was used. Following ICU discharge, participants admitted to the ICU for at least 5 days were randomly assigned to a music group (n = 13) or active control group (n = 13). Activity counts were measured using an Actiwatch, and physical health score was measured using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System global health subscale. Adherence to exercise was documented daily. Independent t-tests were used for data analysis.

Results
Data were analyzed for 26 participants. The mean age was 62.8 ± 13.8 years, 53.8% were male, 65.4% were White, and mean Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation severity of illness score was 59 ± 23.4. Global health physical scores were significantly higher in the music group than in the active control group. Although not significantly different, music group participants tended to be more active and had higher physical activity and adherence rates compared to those in the active control group.

Conclusion
A self-managed, music-guided exercise intervention demonstrated positive benefits on physical outcomes. Future clinical trials with a larger sample size should be conducted to examine the effects of this tailored, cost-effective, innovative, self-managed exercise intervention among ICU survivors.
Head and Neck Mesenchymal Tumors with Kinase Fusions
Authors: Xu Bin , Suurmeijer Albert J.H. , Agaram Narasimhan P. , Antonescu Cristina R. 
Published: January 2023

Mesenchymal tumors harboring various kinase fusions were recently recognized as emerging entities mainly in the soft tissues. We herein investigate the clinicopathologic and molecular characteristics of head and neck mesenchymal tumors harboring kinase fusions. The study cohort included 15 patients with a median age of 13 years (ranging from congenital to 63 y). The kinase genes involved in descending order were NTRK1 (n=6), NTRK3 (n=5), BRAF (n=2), and 1 each with MET, and RET. The anatomic locations were broad involving all tissue planes, including skin (n=4), intraosseous (n=4), major salivary glands (n=2), sinonasal tract (n=2), soft tissue of face or neck (n=2), and oral cavity (n=1). The histologic spectrum ranged from benign to high grade, in descending order including tumors resembling malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST)-like, fibrosarcoma (infantile or adult-type), lipofibromatosis-like neural tumor (LPFNT), inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor-like, and a novel phenotype resembling myxoma. Perivascular hyalinization/stromal keloid-like collagen bands and staghorn vasculature were common features in MPNST-like and LPFNT-like tumors. Two tumors (1 each with NTRK1 or BRAF rearrangement) were classified as high grade. By immunohistochemistry, S100 and CD34 positivity was noted in 71% and 60%, frequently in MPNST-like and LPFNT-like phenotypes. Pan-TRK was a sensitive marker for NTRK-translocated tumors but was negative in tumor with other kinase fusions. One patient with a high-grade tumor developed distant metastasis. Molecular testing for various kinase fusions should be considered for S100+/CD34+ spindle cell neoplasms with perivascular hyalinization and staghorn vessels, as pan-TRK positivity is seen only in NTRK fusions.
Risk of Developmental Coordination Disorder in 8- and 9-Year-Olds Following Newborn Cardiac and Non–Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Fairbairn Natalie , Badawi Nadia , Galea Claire , Hodge Antoinette , Loughran-Fowlds Alison , Novak Iona 
Published: January 2023

Purpose:
To investigate the risk of developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and motor impairment for children aged 8 to 9 years following newborn surgery.

Methods:
Prospective longitudinal cohort study. Motor proficiency and risk of DCD were assessed using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (second edition) for children born 37 weeks of gestation and older who had undergone newborn cardiac surgery (CS) or non–cardiac surgery (NCS).

Results:
Children who had undergone CS were 3.0 times more likely than controls and 1.7 times more likely than children who had undergone NCS to score below the 15th centile on MABC-2 and have increased risk of DCD. Children who had undergone CS were 1.9 times more likely than controls and 1.4 times more likely than children who had undergone NCS to score below the fifth centile on MABC-2.

Conclusion:
The surgical population should be considered at an increased risk of DCD.
Type D Personality as a Risk Factor for Adverse Outcome in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease: An Individual Patient-Data Meta-analysis
Authors: Lodder Paul , Wicherts Jelte M. , Antens Marijn , Albus Christian , Bessonov Ivan S. , Condén Emelie , Dulfer Karolijn , Gostoli Sara , Grande Gesine , Hedberg Pär , Herrmann-Lingen Christoph , Jaarsma Tiny , Koo Malcolm , Lin Ping , Lin Tin-Kwang , Meyer Thomas , Pushkarev Georgiy , Rafanelli Chiara , Raykh Olga I. , Schaan de Quadros Alexandre , Schmidt Marcia , Sumin Alexei N. , Utens Elisabeth M.W.J. , van Veldhuisen Dirk J. , Wang Yini , Kupper Nina 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective
Type D personality, a joint tendency toward negative affectivity and social inhibition, has been linked to adverse events in patients with heart disease, although with inconsistent findings. Here, we apply an individual patient-data meta-analysis to data from 19 prospective cohort studies (N = 11,151) to investigate the prediction of adverse outcomes by type D personality in patients with acquired cardiovascular disease.

Method
For each outcome (all-cause mortality, cardiac mortality, myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass grafting, percutaneous coronary intervention, major adverse cardiac event, any adverse event), we estimated type D’s prognostic influence and the moderation by age, sex, and disease type.

Results
In patients with cardiovascular disease, evidence for a type D effect in terms of the Bayes factor (BF) was strong for major adverse cardiac event (BF = 42.5; odds ratio [OR] = 1.14) and any adverse event (BF = 129.4; OR = 1.15). Evidence for the null hypothesis was found for all-cause mortality (BF = 45.9; OR = 1.03), cardiac mortality (BF = 23.7; OR = 0.99), and myocardial infarction (BF = 16.9; OR = 1.12), suggesting that type D had no effect on these outcomes. This evidence was similar in the subset of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), but inconclusive for patients with heart failure (HF). Positive effects were found for negative affectivity on cardiac and all-cause mortality, with the latter being more pronounced in male than female patients.

Conclusion
Across 19 prospective cohort studies, type D predicts adverse events in patients with CAD, whereas evidence in patients with HF was inconclusive. In both patients with CAD and HF, we found evidence for a null effect of type D on cardiac and all-cause mortality.
Small-Fiber Polyneuropathy Is Prevalent in Patients With Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome
Authors: Wolff Dylan T. , Xu Raymond , Overholt Tyler , Bassett E. Hadley , Ahn Christine , Simon Trang , Lee Peyton , Badlani Gopal , Matthews Catherine A. , Evans Robert J. , Walker Stephen J. 
Published: January 2023

Importance
The pathophysiology of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is imperfectly understood. Recent studies reported that small-fiber polyneuropathy (SFPN) is common in fibromyalgia, a condition commonly comorbid with IC/BPS.

Objective
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of SFPN in a large cohort of IC/BPS patients.

Methods
Adults diagnosed with IC/BPS scheduled to undergo either therapeutic hydrodistention (n = 97) or cystectomy with urinary diversion (n = 3) were prospectively recruited to this study. A skin biopsy obtained from the lower leg was used for intraepidermal nerve fiber density measurement. Small-fiber polyneuropathy (+/−) status was determined by comparing linear intraepidermal nerve fiber density (fibers/mm2) with normative reference values. Demographic information, medical history, and diagnoses for 14 conditions (both urologic and nonurologic) known to co-occur with IC/BPS were documented from self-report and electronic medical record.

Results
In this large cohort of patients with IC/BPS, 31% (31/100) were positive for SFPN. Intraepidermal nerve fiber density was below the median for age and sex in 81% (81/100) of patients. Approximately one-third (31%) of SFPN+ patients reported co-occurring chronic fatigue syndrome, compared with 10.6% of the SFPN− group (P = 0.034). Small-fiber polyneuropathy–positive patients reported significantly fewer allergies than SFPN− patients (37.9% vs 60.6%; P = 0.047). There were no significant differences in bladder capacity or Hunner lesion status between the SFPN+ and SFPN− subgroups.

Conclusions
Small-fiber polyneuropathy is a common finding in patients with IC/BPS, and SFPN status is significantly correlated with co-occurring chronic fatigue syndrome and negatively correlated with the presence of allergies in this population.
Reduction in Rates of Symptomatic Urinary Tract Infection After Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery: A Quality Improvement Analysis
Authors: Duarte Thibault Mary , Milen Allison , Burns Luke , Tilea Anca , Piehl Kenneth , Morgan Daniel 
Published: January 2023

Importance
Urinary tract infections contribute to high health care costs.

Objective
This study aimed to determine if a combination of interventions was successful at reducing the rate of postoperative symptomatic urinary tract infections (SUTIs) in a female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery (FPMRS) practice.

Study Design
Observational, retrospective quality improvement analysis looking at the rate of postoperative SUTI within 30 days of surgery in women who underwent gynecologic surgery performed by an FPMRS surgeon from October 2015 to October 2019. Symptomatic urinary tract infection was defined by symptoms and urinalysis, positive urine culture, or treatment for cystitis or urethritis within 30 days of surgery. Interventions were implemented between 2015 and 2016: perioperative cranberry use, intraoperative protocols for catheterization, and postoperative protocols for urinary retention management. In 2018, we added metronidazole to cefazolin for antibiotic prophylaxis. We developed a multivariable logistic regression to determine if postoperative SUTI rates decreased over the study period with adjustment for clustering by surgeons, patient factors, and surgery type.

Results
Of 2,389 procedures performed, 284 (11.8%) involved patients who had an SUTI within 30 days of surgery. The annual infection rate decreased 50% (year 1, 14.7%; year 4, 7.3%). Adjusting for age, race, body mass index, length of stay, surgery type, and surgeon, the odds of SUTI decreased 19% each year (odds ratio [OR], 0.81; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.72–0.91; P < 0.001). Compared with women who had other gynecologic procedures, those who underwent vaginal prolapse surgery with or without incontinence procedures (OR, 2.75; 95% CI, 1.35–5.54; P = 0.01) or incontinence surgery alone (OR, 2.65; 95% CI, 1.25–5.62; P = 0.01) were more likely to have an SUTI.

Conclusion
Combining interventions can be highly effective in reducing postoperative SUTI rates.
A novel head-fixed assay for social touch in mice uncovers aversive responses in two autism models
Authors: Chari Trishala , Hernandez Ariana , Portera-Cailliau Carlos 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTSocial touch, an important aspect of social interaction and communication, is essential to kinship across animal species. How animals experience and respond to social touch has not been thoroughly investigated, in part due to the lack of appropriate assays. Previous studies that examined social touch in freely moving rodents lacked the necessary temporal and spatial control over individual touch interactions. We designed a novel head-fixed assay for social touch in mice, in which the experimenter has complete control to elicit highly stereotyped bouts of social touch between two animals. The user determines the number, duration, context, and type of social touch interactions, while monitoring with high frame rate cameras an array of complex behavioral responses. We focused on social touch to the face because of their high translational relevance to humans. We validated this assay in two different models of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), theFmr1knockout model of Fragile X Syndrome and maternal immune activation mice. We observed increased avoidance, hyperarousal, and more aversive facial expressions to social touch, but not to object touch, in both ASD models compared to controls. Because this new social touch assay for head-fixed mice can be used to record neural activity during repeated bouts of social touch it should be of interest to neuroscientists interested in uncovering the underlying circuits.
Applying joint graph embedding to study Alzheimer’s neurodegeneration patterns in volumetric data
Authors: He Rosemary , Tward Daniel ,   the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: January 2023

AbstractNeurodegeneration measured through volumetry in MRI is recognized as a potential Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) biomarker, but its utility is limited by lack of specificity. Quantifying spatial patterns of neurodegeneration on a whole brain scale rather than locally may help address this. In this work, we turn to network based analyses and extend a graph embedding algorithm to study morphometric connectivity from volume-change correlations measured with structural MRI on the timescale of years. We model our data with the multiple random eigengraphs framework, as well as modify and implement a multigraph embedding algorithm proposed earlier to estimate a low dimensional embedding of the networks. Our version of the algorithm guarantees meaningful finite-sample results and estimates maximum likelihood edge probabilities from population-specific network modes and subject-specific loadings. Furthermore, we propose and implement a novel statistical testing procedure to analyze group differences after accounting for confounders and locate significant structures during AD neurodegeneration. Family-wise error rate is controlled at 5% using permutation testing on the maximum statistic. We show that results from our analysis reveal networks dominated by known structures associated to AD neurodegeneration, indicating the framework has promise for studying AD. Furthermore, we find network-structure tuples that are not found with traditional methods in the field.
Individual Variability in the Structural Connectivity Architecture of the Human Brain
Authors: Huang Weijie , Chen Haojie , Liu Zhenzhao , Dong Xinyi , Feng Guozheng , Liu GuangFang , Ma GuoLing , Zhang Zhanjun , Su Li , Shu Ni 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe human brain shows higher variability in functional connectivity in the heteromodal association cortex but lower variability in the unimodal cortex. As the anatomical substrate of functional connectivity, the temporal-spatial pattern of individual variability in structural connectivity remains largely unknown. In the present study, we depicted the temporal-spatial pattern of individual variability in structural connectivity, which is highest in the limbic regions and lowest in the unimodal sensorimotor regions. With increasing age, the variability in structural connectivity increased. Our results demonstrated that this specific spatial distribution relates to the plasticity of synapses and white matter. We proposed a modified ridge regression model to predict cognition individually and generate idiographic brain mapping. Individual variability in structural connectivity is significantly correlated with idiographic brain mapping. Overall, our study has potential implications for understanding biological and genetic mechanisms of variability in structural connectivity, guiding interventions to promote successful cognitive ageing and interpreting statistical maps in the human connectome.
Neural evidence for boundary updating as the source of the repulsive bias in classification
Authors: Lee Heeseung , Lee Hyang-Jung , Choe Kyoung Whan , Lee Sang-Hun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBinary classification, an act of sorting items into two classes by setting a boundary, is biased by recent history. One common form of such biases is repulsive bias, a tendency to sort an item into the class opposite to its preceding items. Sensory-adaptation and boundary-updating are considered as two contending sources of the repulsive bias, yet no neural support has been provided for either source. Here we explored human brains, using fMRI, to find such supports by relating the brain signals of sensory-adaptation and boundary-updating to human classification behavior. We found that the stimulus-encoding signal in the early visual cortex adapted to previous stimuli, yet its adaptation-related changes were dissociated from current choices. Contrastingly, the boundary-representing signals in the inferior-parietal and superior-temporal cortices shifted to previous stimuli and covaried with current choices. Our exploration points to boundary-updating, rather than sensory-adaptation, as the origin of the repulsive bias in binary classification.