bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioequivalence Study of Miglitol Orally Disintegrating Tablets in Healthy Chinese Volunteers Under Fasting Condition Based on Pharmacodynamic and Pharmacokinetic Parameters
Authors: Zhao Ming‐Xuan , Wu Jin‐Lian , Dong Li‐Chun , Chen Jing , Zhu Feng‐Jia , Fan Yu‐Xin , Zhang Juan , Zhang Xiao‐Ping , Zhang Ping , Yu Chong‐Jing , Zhou Meng‐Di , He Jian‐Chang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo investigate the bioequivalence of miglitol orally disintegrating tablets in healthy Chinese volunteers based on pharmacodynamic (PD) and pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters. Additionally, the safety profile was estimated. Two randomized, open‐label, single‐dose, crossover trials were conducted under fasting conditions. In the PD trial (CTR20191811), 45 healthy volunteers were randomly divided into 3 groups in a 1:1:1 ratio and administered sucrose alone or coadministered with 50 mg of miglitol orally disintegrating tablet test or reference formulation/sucrose. In the PK trial (CTR20191696), 24 healthy volunteers were randomized (1:1) to receive the test or reference formulation (50 mg). Blood samples were collected at 15 and 17 sampling points per cycle in the PD and PK trials, respectively. Plasma miglitol and serum glucose concentrations were analyzed using a validated liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method. Serum insulin concentrations were measured using electrochemiluminescent immunoassay. Statistical analyses for the PD and PK parameters were subsequently performed. The volunteers’ physical indicators were monitored and documented during the entire study to estimate drug safety. The PD and PK parameters of the two formulations were similar. The main PD and PK end points were both within the prespecified range of 80%–125%. The incidences of treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and drug‐related TEAEs were similar between the test and reference formulation groups, and no serious TEAEs or deaths occurred during the 2 trials. These 2 formulations were demonstrated to be bioequivalent and well tolerated in healthy Chinese volunteers under fasting condition.
Halogen Bonding Assembles Anion⋅⋅⋅Anion Architectures in Non‐centrosymmetric Iodate and Bromate Crystals
Authors: Calabrese Miriam , Pizzi Andrea , Beccaria Roberta , Frontera Antonio , Resnati Giuseppe 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSingle crystal X‐ray diffraction of iodate and bromate salts shows that the I and Br atoms in IO3− and BrO3− anions form short and linear O−I/Br⋅⋅⋅O contacts with the O atoms of nearby anions. Non‐centrosymmetric systems are formed wherein anions are orderly aligned into supramolecular 1D and 2D networks. Theoretical evidences, namely the outcome of QTAIM and NCIplot studies, prove the attractive nature of these contacts and the ability of iodate and bromate anions to act as robust halogen bond (HaB) donors. The HaB is proposed as a general and effective assisting tool to control the architecture of acentric iodate salts.
Shape Selectivity in the Gold‐Catalyzed Hydration of Alkynes Using a Cavity‐Shaped Phosphine
Authors: Navarro Miquel , Holzapfel Markus , Campos Jesús 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA cavity‐shaped gold(I) complex derived from a bulky tri‐(ortho‐biaryl)‐phosphine ligand shows preferred selectivity towards terminal functionalities in the gold(I)‐catalysed hydration of alkynes under mild heating due to a well‐defined pocket as catalytic active site. The confinement‐induced size‐exclusion selectivity investigated for eight alkynes contrasts with other gold(I) complexes bearing bulky phosphine ligands that show reduced selectivity or even similar behaviour towards both internal and terminal alkynes. We also interrogate the potential of gold(III) derivatives for the same catalytic process.
Silver and Gold Pillarplex Pseudorotaxanes from α,ω‐Dicarboxylic Acids
Authors: Heidecker Alexandra A. , Stasi Michele , Spears Alexander , Boekhoven Job , Pöthig Alexander 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA series of pseudorotaxanes with supramolecular organometallic silver(I) and gold(I) pillarplexes acting as rings and different α,ω‐dicarboxylic acids as axle components are reported. The successful formation of the host‐guest complexes is shown by 1H NMR spectroscopy and respective NMR titration. Additional evaluation with ITC titration experiments yielded dissociation constants (Kd) ranging from 10−5 to 10−7 M. Single‐crystal X‐Ray diffraction analysis reveals a particularly exciting pore alignment of different examples in the solid state depending on the length of the guest. The work highlights, that dicarboxylic acids can penetrate the tight tubular pillarplex pore, paving the way to future mechanically interlocked molecules and materials.
GM‐CSF signalling in Th17‐cell pathogenicity: The culprit in autoimmune uveitis promoted by sleep loss
Authors: Zhang Chun , Xiao Jing , Jiang Fanwen , Fa Luzhong , Jiang Hui , Zhou Lin , Xu Zhuping 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSleep loss (SL) is a health problem that affects autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. However, the relationship between SL, the immune system and autoimmune diseases remains unclear. This commentary summarizes and discusses the key findings of the study by Liu et al. published in Clinical and Translational Medicine. In this study, they analysed the effects of SL on autoimmune uveitis using mass cytometry, single‐cell RNA sequencing, and flow cytometry. They identified changes in the composition and function of human and mouse immune cells following SL that primarily involved effector CD4+ T cells and myeloid cells. Furthermore, they demonstrated that SL promoted Th17 differentiation, pathogenicity, and Interleukin‐23 (IL‐23)–Th17– granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) feedback mechanism in autoimmunity. Finally, they attenuated SL‐induced EAU exacerbation using anti‐GM‐CSF treatment, providing a novel therapeutic approach for SL‐related autoimmune diseases.
Microarchaeological approach to underwater stratigraphy of submerged settlements: A case study of Atlit‐Yam Pre‐Pottery Neolithic site, off the Carmel Coast, Israel
Authors: Ogloblin Ramirez Isaac , Grono Elle , Zuckerman‐Cooper Roni , Langgut Dafna , Galili Ehud , Friesem David E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe investigation of submerged archaeological sites faces numerous logistical challenges in the recovery of stratigraphic sequences and, as a result, is often restricted to surface deposits limiting the application of geoarchaeology. This paper outlines a new integrated field and microanalytical methodological protocol to investigate deep stratigraphic sequences (up to 2 m) within the submerged Pre‐Pottery Neolithic (PPN) site of Atlit‐Yam (9267–7970 cal. B.P. [calibrated years before the present]). A new coring method for the extraction of deep underwater stratigraphy was developed to extract three cores: two between architectural remains within the site and one outside the site. The cores were analysed using Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, phytolith and pollen analysis and archaeological micromorphology to detect anthropogenic signals and undertake paleoenvironmental reconstruction. Our results indicate anthropogenic evidence at 95 cm depth based on the presence of heat‐altered sediments, high phytolith concentrations and micromorphological observations of archaeological remains. Radiocarbon analysis indicates the oldest anthropogenic layers date to the Mid Pre‐Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB) and Late PPNB (9859–9323 cal. B.P.), bearing implications for reassessing the emergence of the first coastal Neolithic villages in the Mediterranean. Our integrated field and multiproxy micro‐geoarchaeological protocol offers a new approach to detecting and studying submerged archaeological sites worldwide.
Microglial LRRK2‐mediated NFATc1 attenuates α‐synuclein immunotoxicity in association with CX3CR1‐induced migration and the lysosome‐initiated degradation
Authors: Feng Linjuan , Lo Hsuan , Hong Zhaoxiang , Zheng Jiahao , Yan Yuhong , Ye Zucheng , Chen Xiaochun , Pan Xiaodong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSynucleinopathies refer to a range of neurodegenerative diseases caused by abnormal α‐synuclein (α‐Syn) deposition, including Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Their pathogenesis is strongly linked to microglial dysfunction and neuroinflammation, which involves the leucine‐rich‐repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2)‐regulated nuclear factor of activated T‐cells (NFAT). Of the NFAT family, NFATc1 has been found to be increasingly translocated into the nucleus in α‐syn stimulation. However, the specific role of NFATc1‐mediated intracellular signaling in PD remains elusive in regulating microglial functions. In the current study, we crossbred LRRK2 or NFATc1 conditional knockout mice with Lyz2Cre mice to generate mice with microglia‐specific deletion of LRRK2 or NFATc1, and by stereotactic injection of fibrillary α‐Syn, we generated PD models in these mice. We found that LRRK2 deficiency enhanced microglial phagocytosis in the mice after α‐Syn exposure and that genetic inhibition of NFATc1 markedly diminished phagocytosis and α‐Syn elimination. We further demonstrated that LRRK2 negatively regulated NFATc1 in α‐Syn‐treated microglia, in which microglial LRRK2‐deficiency facilitated NFATc1 nuclear translocation, CX3CR1 upregulation, and microglia migration. Additionally, NFATc1 translocation upregulated the expression of Rab7 and promoted the formation of late lysosomes, resulting in α‐Syn degradation. In contrast, the microglial NFATc1 deficiency impaired CX3CR1 upregulation and the formation of Rab7‐mediated late lysosomes. These findings highlight the critical role of NFATc1 in modulating microglial migration and phagocytosis, in which the LRRK2‐NFATc1 signaling pathway regulates the expression of microglial CX3CR1 and endocytic degradative Rab7 to attenuate α‐synuclein immunotoxicity.
Awareness of diagnosis predicts changes in quality of life in individuals with mild cognitive impairment and mild stage dementia
Authors: Stites Shana D. , Rubright Jonathan D. , Harkins Kristin , Karlawish Jason 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThis observational study examined how awareness of diagnosis predicted changes in cognition and quality of life (QOL) 1 year later in older adults with normal cognition and dementia diagnoses.Research Design and MethodsOlder adults (n = 259) with normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or mild stage Alzheimer's disease (AD) completed measures of diagnostic awareness, cognition, and multiple domains of QOL. We compared 1‐year change in cognition and QOL by diagnostic group and diagnostic awareness.ResultsPatients who were unaware of their diagnosis at baseline showed average decreases in both satisfaction with daily life (QOL‐AD; paired mean difference (PMD) = −0.9, p < 0.05) and physical functioning (SF‐12 PCS; PMD = −2.5, p < 0.05). In contrast, patients aware of their diagnosis at baseline showed no statistically discernable changes in most QOL domains (all p > 0.05). Of patients aware of their diagnosis at baseline (n = 111), those who were still aware (n = 84) showed a decrease in mental functioning at follow up (n = 27; SF‐12 MCS). Change in MoCA scores in patients unaware of their diagnosis was similar to that in patients aware of their diagnosis, −1.4 points (95% CI −2.6 to −0.6) and −1.7 points (95% CI −2.4 to −1.1) respectively.Discussion and ImplicationsAwareness of one's diagnosis of MCI or AD, not the severity of cognitive impairment, may predict changes in patients' mental functioning, expectations of their memory, satisfaction with daily life, and physical functioning. The findings may help clinicians anticipate the types of threats to wellbeing that a patient might encounter and identify key domains for monitoring.
Prevalence of malaria parasitaemia among pregnant women at booking in Nigeria
Authors: Oyerogba Olufiade P. , Adedapo Aduragbenro , Awokson Titilayo , Odukogbe Akin‐Tunde , Aderinto Nicholas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundMalaria is a major public health concern among pregnant women in sub‐Saharan Africa. Within the region, Nigeria has the highest malaria cases. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with malaria parasitaemia among pregnant women at a booking clinic in Ibadan, Nigeria.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted between January and April 2021 at the University College Hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria. A sample of 300 pregnant women participated, and anaemia and malaria were diagnosed using packed cell volume and Giemsa‐stained blood smears, respectively. Data analysis was done using SPSS 25.0.ResultsThe study found that 26 (8.70%) pregnant women tested positive for malaria parasitaemia. Factors such as age, religion, level of education, and occupation were significantly related to the prevalence of malaria parasitaemia among pregnant women with p < 0.05.ConclusionOur study identified a high prevalence of malaria parasitaemia among pregnant women with demographic factors such as age, religion, level of education, and occupation significantly associated. Targeted malaria control interventions for pregnant women with low levels of education and low‐income occupations are necessary, with more research needed to evaluate their effectiveness.
Fourier ptychographic and deep learning using breast cancer histopathological image classification
Authors: Thomas Leena , Sheeja M. K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAutomated, as well as accurate classification with breast cancer histological images, was crucial for medical applications because of detecting malignant tumors via histopathological images. In this work create a Fourier ptychographic (FP) and deep learning using breast cancer histopathological image classification. Here the FP method used in the process begins with such a random guess that builds a high‐resolution complex hologram, subsequently uses iterative retrieval using FP constraints to stitch around each other low‐resolution multi‐view means of production owned from either the hologram's high‐resolution hologram's elemental images captured via integral imaging. Next, the feature extraction process includes entropy, geometrical features, and textural features. The entropy‐based normalization is used to optimize the features. Finally, it attains the classification process of the proposed ENDNN classifies the breast cancer images into normal or abnormal. The experimental outcomes demonstrate that our presented technique overtakes the traditional techniques.
Development of an industrial sustainable process for wax esters production: enzyme immobilization, process optimization, and plant simulation
Authors: Montiel M. Claudia , Serrano‐Arnaldos Mar , Yagüe Clara , Ortega‐Requena Salvadora , Máximo Fuensanta , Bastida Josefa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDAs a result of the ban on whaling, there has been a shortage of spermaceti, a natural product with applications in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. A green and sustainable process for the biocatalytic synthesis of a wax ester mixture analogue to natural spermaceti is presented in this paper.RESULTSImmobilization of Candida antarctica lipase B by covalent binding to Purolite® Lifetech™ ECR8285 allowed for an immobilized derivative with 124.5 mg protein/g support (69.3% protein immobilization yield) that maintains 100% of its enzymatic activity after 12 months of cold storage and presents negligible loses of activity after 9 consecutive reaction cycles. The optimization of the synthesis process in a batch reactor resulted in conditions that, at 70 °C, 350 rpm, and 1.25% w/w of biocatalyst, achieved a conversion of 97% after 1 h of reaction. The simulation of a spermaceti production plant was carried out using the process simulation software aspenONE suite v10. The plant was designed for a continuous operation during 9 h per day, with a reactor of 20.25 L of working volume and a residence time of 1 h. The production of this plant would be 173.25 kg spermaceti/day, with a product purity of 99.55%.CONCLUSIONThe main novelty of this work is the design of a spermaceti production plant, using the most sustainable methodologies and resulting in a product with exceptional characteristics and minimal waste generation. Moreover, a new lipase immobilized derivative is also described. The good values of sustainability indicators point to the viability of its industrial implementation. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
The performance of first‐trimester ultrasound in diagnosing fetal cleft palate: Meta‐analysis and systematic review
Authors: Yu Dongmei , Zhang Nan , Sun Hui , Liu Meixin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis system review and meta‐analysis was aim to evaluate the accuracy of prenatal ultrasound in diagnosing cleft palates (CPs) during first trimester.Data SourceWe systematically searched the databases of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library for the articles, which assessed the accuracy of CPs diagnosed by ultrasound during first trimester.Review MethodThe characteristics of the included studies were recorded. The quality of included studies was assessed by QUADAS‐2. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and the area under the curve (AUC) were calculated using Meta‐Disc software version 1.4. The publication bias was assessed by Stata software version 12.0.ResultsThis meta‐analysis included 13 studies with 39 806 fetuses. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR were 0.874, 0.999, 689.84, and 0.161, respectively. The DOR and AUC were 6651.3 and 0.9084, respectively.ConclusionThe overall detection rate was 0.874, which indicated high value of first trimester ultrasound in diagnosing CPs.
Potential of biochar for hydrocarbon degradation of crude oil–contaminated soils
Authors: Saliu Abiola O. , Akinpelumi Babalola E. , Najeemdeen Bolaji A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA greenhouse experiment was conducted to assess the effect of phytoremediation and biochar application on hydrocarbon degradation in crude oil–contaminated soils. The experiment consisted of four levels of biochar application (0, 5, 10, and 15 t/ha) and the presence or absence of Vigna unguiculata (cowpea; +C, −C) replicated thrice and arranged in a 4 × 2 × 3 factorial completely randomized design. Samples were taken on days 0, 30, and 60 for total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) analysis. A significantly higher TPH degradation efficiency of 69.2% (7033 mg/kg) was observed in contaminated soils amended with 15 t/ha biochar only after 60 days of incubation. Highly significant interactions were observed between biochar × plant (p < 0.001) and biochar × days (p = 0.0073). Biochar also improved the growth of plants in contaminated soils, with the highest height of 23.50 cm and stem girth of 2.10 cm obtained when plants were amended with 15 t/ha biochar at 6 weeks after planting. The potential of biochar to increase the degradation efficiency of hydrocarbons should be explored in the long run for the cleanup of crude oil–contaminated soils.
Spectral radius and edge‐disjoint spanning trees
Authors: Fan Dandan , Gu Xiaofeng , Lin Huiqiu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe spanning tree packing number of a graph , denoted by , is the maximum number of edge‐disjoint spanning trees contained in . The study of is one of the classic problems in graph theory. Cioabă and Wong initiated to investigate from spectral perspectives in 2012 and since then, has been well studied using the second‐largest eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix in the past decade. In this paper, we further extend the results in terms of the number of edges and the spectral radius, respectively; and prove tight sufficient conditions to guarantee with extremal graphs characterized. Moreover, we confirm a conjecture of Ning, Lu, and Wang on characterizing graphs with the maximum spectral radius among all graphs with a given order as well as fixed minimum degree and fixed edge connectivity. Our results have important applications in rigidity and nowhere‐zero flows. We conclude with some open problems in the end.
A theoretical integration of leader emergence and leadership effectiveness: Over, under, and congruent emergence
Authors: Galvin Benjamin M. , Badura Katie , LePine Jeffrey , LePine Marcie 
Published: June 2023

SummaryThere is a long and rich history of research on the concept of leader emergence. Much of this research positions leader emergence alongside leadership effectiveness as an epiphenomenal criterion in leadership research. Although this view has enhanced our understanding of factors that influence leader emergence and leadership effectiveness individually, our understanding of the potential alignment or misalignment of these concepts remains opaque. Following from this, we are left with unanswered questions concerning how, why, and under what conditions do the right or wrong leaders emerge or fail to emerge. Theory that develops insights into these questions is needed to advance our understanding of leadership and to cope with challenges of identifying and developing effective leaders and maximizing leadership potential in organizations. By integrating theories of leader emergence and leadership effectiveness—and considering their implications jointly—we provide a conceptual basis for identifying and understanding a more complete range of leader emergence than has been suggested in the literature. Importantly, our theoretical frame explains how our leader emergence types—over‐emergence, under‐emergence, congruent emergence, and congruent non‐emergence—are differentially associated with a common set of factors. In doing so, we illuminate tradeoffs that might accompany different interventions intended to enhance leadership in organizations.
Lactobacillus coryniformis subsp. torquensT3 alleviates non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease via reconstruction of the gut microbiota and redox system
Authors: Song Wei , Wang Tianyi , Cui Xiaole , Li Lingling , Chen Bing , Li Yanjie , Yue Tianli 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDA high‐fat diet (HFD) that induces obesity has become the most common type of diet worldwide, leading to serious global health issues. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Probiotic supplements have been shown to help alleviate obesity. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which Lactobacillus coryniformis supsp. torquens T3 (T3L) alleviated NAFLD induced by HFD via reconstruction of the gut microbiota and redox system.RESULTSThe results showed that, compared with the HFD group, T3L inhibited obesity and relieved fat accumulation in the liver of mice with NAFLD. In addition, T3L inhibited liver inflammation and oxidative stress injury in NAFLD mice by regulating the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inflammatory pathway in the liver. Furthermore, T3L changed the composition of the intestinal flora, reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria in the intestinal tract, enhanced the mechanical function of the intestinal barrier, and increased the short‐chain fatty acid contents, thus inhibiting the secondary metabolite LPS, which directly causes liver damage through the portal vein.CONCLUSIONIn summary, T3L ameliorated NAFLD induced by obesity through the liver–gut axis pathway, thus reducing oxidative stress and liver injury. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.