bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Orbital motion and quasi-periodic oscillations with periastron and Lense–Thirring precession of slowly rotating Einstein–Æther black hole
Authors: Liu Yong , Mustafa G. , Maurya S. K. , Javed Faisal 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe study the orbital and oscillatory motion of test particles moving around slowly rotating first and second kinds of Einstein–Æther black holes. In relation to the black hole parameters, we find analytical solutions for the radial profiles of specific energy and specific angular momentum of the equatorial stable circular orbits. The properties of the co-rotating as well as contra-rotating innermost stable circular orbits are analyzed. We examine the radial profiles of the frequencies of latitudinal and radial harmonic oscillations as a function of the black hole mass and dimensionless coupling constants of the theory. The key features of quasi-periodic oscillations of test particles near the stable circular orbits in an equatorial plane of the black hole are discussed. We investigate the positions of resonant radii for high-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations models, namely epicyclic resonance and its variants, relativistic precession and its variants, tidal disruption, as well as warped disc models, considered in the background of slowly rotating first and second kinds of slowly rotating Einstein–Æther black holes. Furthermore, Periastron and Lense–Thirring precessions have been discussed. We demonstrate that the dimensionless coupling parameters of the theory have a strong influence on particle motion around Einstein–Æther black holes.
Experimental study of ECR plasmas in stationary versus turbulent regimes for in-plasma $$\beta$$-decay investigations
Authors: Naselli Eugenia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA new experimental study of electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasmas in stationary versus turbulent regimes was recently carried out in the framework of the PANDORA (plasmas for astrophysics, nuclear decays observation and radiation for archaeometry) project, which aims to measure $$\beta$$
β
-decays of nuclear astrophysical interest for the first time in laboratory plasmas emulating some stellar-like conditions. The experimental study was finalized to correlate the nuclear activity to the thermodynamic conditions of the plasma environment by means of a multi-diagnostic approach. Advanced analysis methods and non-invasive tools were properly developed, including high-resolution space-resolved X-ray spectroscopy and imaging, which allow unprecedented investigations of thermodynamic plasma properties as well as of plasma structure, confinement and dynamics of losses. Furthermore, an innovative plasma heating mode (two-close-frequency heating) has been investigated, showing to be a powerful method for improving the plasma stability, damping instabilities. In order to correlate plasma properties to nuclear activity, GEANT4 simulations devoted to design a $$\gamma$$
γ
-ray detector array to tag the in-plasma $$\beta$$
β
-decays by detecting $$\gamma$$
γ
-rays emitted by daughters nuclei were carried out. The sensitivity of the PANDORA setup was specifically investigated in a virtual experiment, for the first PANDORA physics cases: $$^{134}$$

134

Cs, $$^{176}$$

176

Lu, $$^{94}$$

94

Nb. The obtained results allowed to demonstrate that laboratory ECR plasmas in compact traps are suitable and interesting environments for fundamental studies as well as for applications.
Stretch Harmonizes Sarcomere Strain Across the Cardiomyocyte
Authors: Li Jia , Sundnes Joakim , Hou Yufeng , Laasmaa Martin , Ruud Marianne , Unger Andreas , Kolstad Terje R. , Frisk Michael , Norseng Per Andreas , Yang Limin , Setterberg Ingunn E. , Alves Estela S. , Kalakoutis Michaeljohn , Sejersted Ole M. , Lanner Johanna T. , Linke Wolfgang A. , Lunde Ida G. , de Tombe Pieter P. , Louch William E. 
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND:
Increasing cardiomyocyte contraction during myocardial stretch serves as the basis for the Frank-Starling mechanism in the heart. However, it remains unclear how this phenomenon occurs regionally within cardiomyocytes, at the level of individual sarcomeres. We investigated sarcomere contractile synchrony and how intersarcomere dynamics contribute to increasing contractility during cell lengthening.

METHODS:

Sarcomere strain and Ca
2+
were simultaneously recorded in isolated left ventricular cardiomyocytes during 1 Hz field stimulation at 37 °C, at resting length and following stepwise stretch.

RESULTS:

We observed that in unstretched rat cardiomyocytes, differential sarcomere deformation occurred during each beat. Specifically, while most sarcomeres shortened during the stimulus, ≈10% to 20% of sarcomeres were stretched or remained stationary. This nonuniform strain was not traced to regional Ca
2+
disparities but rather shorter resting lengths and lower force production in systolically stretched sarcomeres. Lengthening of the cell recruited additional shortening sarcomeres, which increased contractile efficiency as less negative, wasted work was performed by stretched sarcomeres. Given the known role of titin in setting sarcomere dimensions, we next hypothesized that modulating titin expression would alter intersarcomere dynamics. Indeed, in cardiomyocytes from mice with titin haploinsufficiency, we observed greater variability in resting sarcomere length, lower recruitment of shortening sarcomeres, and impaired work performance during cell lengthening.

CONCLUSIONS:
Graded sarcomere recruitment directs cardiomyocyte work performance, and harmonization of sarcomere strain increases contractility during cell stretch. By setting sarcomere dimensions, titin controls sarcomere recruitment, and its lowered expression in haploinsufficiency mutations impairs cardiomyocyte contractility.
The Effect of Frailty on the Efficacy and Safety of Intensive Blood Pressure Control: A Post Hoc Analysis of the SPRINT Trial
Authors: Wang Zhiyan , Du Xin , Hua Chang , Li Wenjie , Zhang Hao , Liu Xinru , Wang Yufeng , Jiang Chao , Guo Jiakun , Lv Qiang , Anderson Craig S. , Dong Jianzeng , Ma Changsheng 
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND:
Frailty is associated with an increased risk of all-cause death and cardiovascular events. However, it is uncertain whether frailty modifies the efficacy and safety of intensive blood pressure control.

METHODS:
Data from SPRINT (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial) were used to construct a frailty index. Subgroup differences in intensive blood pressure control treatment effects and safety outcomes were measured on a relative and an absolute scale in patients with and without frailty (defined as a frailty index >0.21) using Cox proportional hazard models and generalized linear models, respectively. The primary outcome was a composite of myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome without myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, and cardiovascular death.

RESULTS:

A total of 9306 patients (mean age, 67.9±9.4 years), 2560 (26.7%) of whom had frailty, were included in our study. Over a median follow-up of 3.22 years, 561 primary outcomes were observed. Patients with frailty had a significantly higher risk of primary outcome in both the intensive and standard blood pressure control arms (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.10 [95% CI, 1.59–2.77] and 1.85 [95% CI, 1.46–2.35], respectively). Intensive treatment effects on primary and secondary outcomes were not significantly different on a relative scale (except for cardiovascular death [hazard ratio in patients with and without frailty, 0.91 (95% CI, 0.52–1.60) versus 0.30 (95% CI, 0.16–0.59), respectively;
P
interaction
=0.01]) or absolute scale. There was no significant interaction between frailty and risks for serious adverse events with intensive treatment.

CONCLUSIONS:
Frailty status was a marker of high cardiovascular risk. Patients with frailty benefit similarly to other patients from intensive blood pressure control without an increased risk of serious adverse events.
A Beautiful Risk Enacted: Editorial
Authors: Isom Philippa , Redder Bridgette , McNair Lynn 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This editorial explores education as a beautiful risk and its embodiment in the Association of Visual Pedagogies (avp) Twitter Conference. The conference aimed to co-construct visual pedagogical provocations and engage participants through Twitter. The authors formed a diverse organizing team and leveraged their strengths in technology, pedagogies, global networking, and organization to create an invitational dialogue. Twitter was recognized as a powerful tool for professional networking and accessible resource for conference participation. The call for visual pedagogical provocations generated diverse responses across educational sectors, fostering connections and expanding visual pedagogy possibilities. The conference showcased various visual forms, challenging conventional notions of pedagogy. It inspired a community of practice, with participants sharing artistic, informative, and thought-provoking contributions. This editorial concludes by sharing a video compilation of selected provocations, inviting readers to explore the transformative potential of visual pedagogy.
Rescuing Animals Amid Wartime in Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Ukraine
Authors: Kulyk Olesya , Prylutska Alona 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Amid the devastating war in Ukraine following Russia’s invasion, animals have also been severely affected. The Zgraya Shelter in Zaporizhzhia city has been tirelessly working to rescue and care for animals in need, despite the challenging circumstances. Before the war, the shelter provided assistance to abandoned animals, promoted sterilization initiatives, and advocated for the ethical treatment of animals. However, the outbreak of war posed new challenges, including securing funds, addressing food shortages, and obtaining vaccinations. Despite these obstacles, the shelter’s founder and volunteers, along with the support of concerned citizens, have managed to continue their activities, even initiating online educational lessons. The shelter has provided aid to animals from critical cities and temporarily housed displaced animals. Despite ongoing issues and the loss of some animals due to the war, the shelter remains dedicated to its mission and continues to rescue and care for animals in need.
Haplotaxis gordioides (Hartmann in Oken, 1819) (Annelida, Clitellata) as a sub-cosmopolitan species: a commonly held view challenged by DNA barcoding
Authors: MARTIN PATRICK , KNÜSEL MARA , ALTHER ROMAN , ALTERMATT FLORIAN , FERRARI BENOÎT , VIVIEN RÉGIS 
Published: July 2023

Haplotaxis Hoffmeister, 1843 is a poorly known genus: it is rarely collected because it usually inhabits groundwater, and many species are only known from immature specimens. Even the type species, Haplotaxis gordioides (Hartmann in Oken, 1819) remains poorly defined because of the absence of reference types. Most of the Haplotaxis species have been placed in synonymy with H. gordioides since the end of the 19th century, a situation that has remained essentially unchanged until now. As a result, the species is supposedly present on all continents, except Antarctica. This observation is all the more questionable as the aquatic subterranean environment is nowadays well known to harbour many species with restricted distribution, due to the strong hydrogeographic isolation and the low dispersal abilities of its inhabitants.
In this study we assessed the hypothesis of H. gordioides as a single species with wide distribution versus a complex of cryptic species with narrow distribution. We used a DNA-barcoding approach based on the COI mitochondrial marker of 46 Haplotaxis specimens collected in Switzerland, mostly as part of a countrywide sampling campaign to study groundwater macroinvertebrates.
Preliminary results suggested that H. gordioides is a complex of at least 6 cryptic species in Switzerland, which has important implications both for the knowledge of the exact identity of the type species and for the synonymy of most of the species described in the 19th century. However, as it is based on a single-locus approach, this study should be seen as the first step in an integrative taxonomic process that should include additional biological material, the study of complementary markers (especially nuclear), and the morphological study of specimens.
Distribution of ectosymbiotic species of Cirrodrilus (Annelida, Clitellata, Branchiobdellida) in northern Japan, with notes on their taxonomy
Authors: OHTAKA AKIFUMI , KONNO TOMOAKI , KOIZUMI ITSURO , GELDER STUART R. 
Published: July 2023

Twelve species of Cirrodrilus, a genus of ectosymbiotic branchiobdellidans, have been recorded on the Japanese crayfish, Cambaroides japonicus, from the islands of Hokkaido and northern Honshu. To clarify the geographic distribution of these species, we examined branchiobdellidan assemblages from 71 locations on Hokkaido and 59 on northern Honshu. We found 11 morphologically distinct species. The following 8 species: Cirrodrilus digitatus, Ci. cirratus, Ci. uchidai, Ci. sapporensis, Ci. nipponicus, Ci. japonicus, Ci. megalodentatus and Ci. homodontus were exclusively recorded from Hokkaido, while Ci. aomorensis was restricted to Honshu. Two other species, Ci. tsugarensis and Ci. iwakiensis, had previously only been recorded from Honshu but were now also found on Hokkaido. The anomalous record of Ci. digitatus and Ci. uchidai on Honshu is known to be the result of crayfish being translocated from Hokkaido. No significant difference in the species composition was found between eastern and western regions on Hokkaido, where divergent lineages have been detected in the Japanese crayfish host. Overlaps in the diagnostic characters of Ci. cirratus and Ci. uchidai suggest that both taxa belong to either a single species or form a species complex.
Composition and abundance of oligochaetes in large Scandinavian lakes in a morpho-edaphic index framework—in the 1970s and 50+ years later
Authors: MILBRINK GÖRAN , SONESTEN LARS 
Published: July 2023

Bottom-living oligochaetes and chironomid larvae, thanks to their supposedly integrative power, could provide more robust measures of the water quality of lakes than separate chemical data. The oligochaete fauna of the large lakes of southern Scandinavia has been studied in detail over many years—often 100 years or more (Milbrink, 2020). Characteristic species associations and the ecological preferences of each oligochaete species are thus relatively well-known. In Milbrink (2020) it was shown that the precision could be greatly improved if the relationship between oligochaete species and chemical data could be instead demonstrated within a morpho-edaphic index framework (Ryder et al. 1974). The percentage composition and total abundance of oligochaetes per sample in a number of large lakes or selected basins of large lakes in southern Sweden and Norway were thus tested against this index in the 1970s (Milbrink, 1978). The trophic change which had taken place in the oligotrophic Lake Vättern—first with eutrophication and later with oligotrophication—was illustrated graphically and discussed in this work (Milbrink, 2020).
A very similar trophic change could also be seen in the oligotrophic Lake Vänern (the basin of Värmlandssjön), as well as in the more eutrophic Lakes Mälaren and Hjälmaren. All these large lakes, once eutrophied in the 1950s and 1960s, are today undergoing oligotrophication. We simply have a melioration thanks to advanced sewage treatment since the 1960s. With our new knowledge, it is informative studying changes in species composition after trophic change. In a time when efforts to save the environment often fail, this new development is a real success story.
Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment for acute attacks in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease
Authors: Lotan Itay , Chen John J , Hacohen Yael , Abdel-Mannan Omar , Mariotto Sara , Huda Saif , Gibbons Emily , Wilf-Yarkoni Adi , Hellmann Mark A , Stiebel-Kalish Hadas , Pittock Sean J , Flanagan Eoin P , Molazadeh Negar , Anderson Monique , Salky Rebecca , Romanow Gabriela , Schindler Patrick , Duchow Ankelien Solveig , Paul Friedemann , Levy Michael 
Published: July 2023

Background: The potential therapeutic benefit of intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIGs) for acute attacks of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease (MOGAD) is unknown. Objective: The objective was to describe the outcomes of IVIG treatment for acute MOGAD attacks. Methods: A retrospective observational study involving seven tertiary neuroimmunology centers. Data collection included patients’ demographics, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), and visual acuity (VA) before the attack, at the nadir of the attack before IVIG treatment, and at follow-up visits ⩾3 months after treatment. Results: Thirty-nine patients were included, of which 21 (53.8%) were female. The median age was 23 years (range 5–74 years), and the median disease duration was 4 months (range 0–93 months). The most common type of attack treated with IVIG was isolated optic neuritis (ON) (unilateral n = 14, bilateral n = 5, associated with transverse myelitis (TM), n = 1), followed by acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) ( n = 8), multifocal ( n = 7), TM ( n = 3), brainstem ( n = 1), and other encephalitis ( n = 1). A significant improvement in both the EDSS and VA measures was observed at follow-up compared to the time of IVIG treatment initiation ( p < 0.0001 for both outcome measures). Conclusion: IVIG may be an effective treatment option for acute MOGAD attacks. Further prospective studies are warranted to validate our results.
TERC haploid cell reprogramming: a novel therapeutic strategy for aplastic anemia
Authors: Tang Xinyu , Xu Ruirong , Wang Yan , Chen Kaiqing , Cui Siyuan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe telomerase RNA component (TERC) gene plays an important role in telomerase-dependent extension and maintenance of the telomeres. In the event of TERC haploinsufficiency, telomere length is often affected; this, in turn, can result in the development of progeria-related diseases such as aplastic anemia (AA) and congenital keratosis. Cell reprogramming can reverse the differentiation process and can, therefore, transform cells into pluripotent stem cells with stronger differentiation and self-renewal abilities; further, cell reprograming can also extend the telomere length of these cells, which may be crucial in the diagnosis and treatment of telomere depletion diseases such as AA. In this study, we summarized the effects of TERC haploid cell reprogramming on telomere length and the correlation between this alteration and the pathogenesis of AA; by investigating the role of cell reprogramming in AA, we aimed to identify novel diagnostic indicators and therapeutic strategies for patients with AA.
The PRO-RCC study: a long-term PROspective Renal Cell Carcinoma cohort in the Netherlands, providing an infrastructure for ‘Trial within Cohorts’ study designs
Authors: Yildirim Hilin , Widdershoven Christiaan V , Aarts Maureen JB , Bex Axel , Bloemendal Haiko J , Bochove-Overgaauw Deirdre M , Hamberg Paul , Herbschleb Karin H , van der Hulle Tom , Lagerveld Brunolf W , van Oijen Martijn GH , Oosting Sjoukje F , van Thienen Johannes V , van der Veldt Astrid AM , Westgeest Hans M , Zeijdner Evelijn E , Aben Katja KH , van den Hurk Corina , Zondervan Patricia J , Bins Adriaan D 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Ongoing research in the field of both localized, locally advanced and metastatic renal cell carcinoma has resulted in the availability of multiple treatment options. Hence, many questions are still unanswered and await further research. A nationwide collaborative registry allows to collect corresponding data. For this purpose, the Dutch PROspective Renal Cell Carcinoma cohort (PRO-RCC) has been founded, for the prospective collection of long-term clinical data, patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) and patient reported experience measures (PREMs).

Methods
PRO-RCC is designed as a multicenter cohort for all Dutch patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Recruitment will start in the Netherlands in 2023. Importantly, participants may also consent to participation in a ‘Trial within cohorts’ studies (TwiCs). The TwiCs design provides a method to perform (randomized) interventional studies within the registry. The clinical data collection is embedded in the Netherlands Cancer Registry (NCR). Next to the standardly available data on RCC, additional clinical data will be collected. PROMS entail Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL), symptom monitoring with optional ecological momentary assessment (EMA) of pain and fatigue, and optional return to work- and/or nutrition questionnaires. PREMS entail satisfaction with care. Both PROMS and PREMS are collected through the PROFILES registry and are accessible for the patient and the treating physician.

Trial registration
Ethical board approval has been obtained (2021_218) and the study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05326620).

Discussion
PRO-RCC is a nationwide long-term cohort for the collection of real-world clinical data, PROMS and PREMS. By facilitating an infrastructure for the collection of prospective data on RCC, PRO-RCC will contribute to observational research in a real-world study population and prove effectiveness in daily clinical practice. The infrastructure of this cohort also enables that interventional studies can be conducted with the TwiCs design, without the disadvantages of classic RCTs such as slow patient accrual and risk of dropping out after randomization.
Profile of eye-related emergency department visits in Ontario – a Canadian perspective
Authors: Nanji Keean , Gulamhusein Husayn , Jindani Yasmin , Hamilton David , Sabri Kourosh 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Understanding the epidemiology of ophthalmic presentations to emergency departments can help guide resource allocation, medical education programs, and optimize the patient experience. The purpose of this investigation was to summarize and assess the urgency of ophthalmic presentations in emergency departments (EDs) in Ontario, Canada over a 5-year period.

Methods
This was a multicentered retrospective review of all patient presentations to EDs in Ontario between January 1st, 2012, to December 31st, 2017. Presentations were included if patients had an ophthalmic related ICD-10 code as their primary problem prompting ED presentation.

Results
A total of 774,057 patients patient presentations were included across the pediatric (149,679 patients) and adult (624,378 patients) cohorts. The mean (SD) age at presentation was 47.4 (17.9) years, and 6.54 (5.20) in the adult and pediatric cohorts respectively. Of the total presentations, 256,776 (33.1%) were due to a trauma related presentation. Problems pertaining to Cornea and External disease were the most common reason for presentation (51.0% of cases). Of all presentations, 34.1% were classified as either ‘emergent’ or ‘likely emergent’; the remaining presentations were either ‘non-emergent’ (39.5%) or the urgency ‘could not be determined’ (26.4%). The three most frequent presentations were due to conjunctivitis (121,175 cases or 15.7%), ocular foreign bodies (104,322 cases or 13.5%), and corneal / conjunctival abrasions (94,554 cases of 12.2%).

Conclusions
This investigation summarizes all ophthalmic presentations to EDs in Ontario, Canada over a 5-year period. The results of this investigation can help guide ophthalmic related knowledge translation. Additionally, these results highlight that in Canadian EDs, a significant proportion of ophthalmic presentations are nonurgent; systems level efforts to improve access for eye-related complaints to healthcare professionals outside of the ED can help facilitate improved resource allocation. As we emerge from the COVID-19 pandemic, optimising the structure of patient care access is crucial to help alleviate the pressure from overburdened EDs while effectively meeting patient healthcare needs.