bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A note on inhomogeneous fractional Schrödinger equations
Authors: Saanouni Tarek , Boulaaras Salah , Peng Congming 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe study some energy well-posedness issues of the Schrödinger equation with an inhomogeneous mixed nonlinearity and radial data$$ i\dot{u}-(-\Delta )^{s} u \pm \vert x \vert ^{\rho} \vert u \vert ^{p-1}u\pm \vert u \vert ^{q-1}u=0, \quad 0< s< 1, \rho \neq 0, p,q>1. $$iu˙−(−Δ)su±|x|ρ|u|p−1u±|u|q−1u=0,0<s<1,ρ≠0,p,q>1.Our aim is to treat the competition between the homogeneous term$|u|^{q-1}u$|u|q−1uand the inhomogeneous one$|x|^{\rho}|u|^{p-1}u$|x|ρ|u|p−1u. We simultaneously treat two different regimes,$\rho >0$ρ>0and$\rho <-2s$ρ<−2s. We deal with three technical challenges at the same time: the absence of a scaling invariance, the presence of the singular decaying term$|\cdot |^{\rho}$|⋅|ρ, and the nonlocality of the fractional differential operator$(-\Delta )^{s}$(−Δ)s. We give some sufficient conditions on the datum and the parametersN,s,ρ,p,qto have the global versus nonglobal existence of energy solutions. We use the associated ground states and some sharp Gagliardo–Nirenberg inequalities. Moreover, we investigate the$L^{2}$L2concentration of the mass-critical blowing-up solutions. Finally, in the attractive regime, we prove the scattering of energy global solutions. Since there is a loss of regularity in Strichartz estimates for the fractional Schrödinger problem with nonradial data, in this work, we assume that$u_{|t=0}$u|t=0is spherically symmetric. The blowup results use ideas of the pioneering work by Boulenger el al. (J. Funct. Anal. 271:2569–2603, 2016).
Exploiting E3 ubiquitin ligases to reeducate the tumor microenvironment for cancer therapy
Authors: Li Xian-Miao , Zhao Zhen-Yu , Yu Xiao , Xia Qi-Dong , Zhou Peng , Wang Shao-Gang , Wu Huan-Lei , Hu Jia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTumor development relies on a complex and aberrant tissue environment in which cancer cells receive the necessary nutrients for growth, survive through immune escape, and acquire mesenchymal properties that mediate invasion and metastasis. Stromal cells and soluble mediators in the tumor microenvironment (TME) exhibit characteristic anti-inflammatory and protumorigenic activities. Ubiquitination, which is an essential and reversible posttranscriptional modification, plays a vital role in modulating the stability, activity and localization of modified proteins through an enzymatic cascade. This review was motivated by accumulating evidence that a series of E3 ligases and deubiquitinases (DUBs) finely target multiple signaling pathways, transcription factors and key enzymes to govern the functions of almost all components of the TME. In this review, we systematically summarize the key substrate proteins involved in the formation of the TME and the E3 ligases and DUBs that recognize these proteins. In addition, several promising techniques for targeted protein degradation by hijacking the intracellular E3 ubiquitin-ligase machinery are introduced.
Shaping the subway microbiome through probiotic-based sanitation during the COVID-19 emergency: a pre–post case–control study
Authors: D’Accolti Maria , Soffritti Irene , Bini Francesca , Mazziga Eleonora , Cason Carolina , Comar Manola , Volta Antonella , Bisi Matteo , Fumagalli Daniele , Mazzacane Sante , Caselli Elisabetta 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the extent to which the public transportation environment, such as in subways, may be important for the transmission of potential pathogenic microbes among humans, with the possibility of rapidly impacting large numbers of people. For these reasons, sanitation procedures, including massive use of chemical disinfection, were mandatorily introduced during the emergency and remain in place. However, most chemical disinfectants have temporary action and a high environmental impact, potentially enhancing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of the treated microbes. By contrast, a biological and eco-sustainable probiotic-based sanitation (PBS) procedure was recently shown to stably shape the microbiome of treated environments, providing effective and long-term control of pathogens and AMR spread in addition to activity against SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19. Our study aims to assess the applicability and impact of PBS compared with chemical disinfectants based on their effects on the surface microbiome of a subway environment.

Results
The train microbiome was characterized by both culture-based and culture-independent molecular methods, including 16S rRNA NGS and real-time qPCR microarray, for profiling the train bacteriome and its resistome and to identify and quantify specific human pathogens. SARS-CoV-2 presence was also assessed in parallel using digital droplet PCR. The results showed a clear and significant decrease in bacterial and fungal pathogens (p < 0.001) as well as of SARS-CoV-2 presence (p < 0.01), in the PBS-treated train compared with the chemically disinfected control train. In addition, NGS profiling evidenced diverse clusters in the population of air vs. surface while demonstrating the specific action of PBS against pathogens rather than the entire train bacteriome.

Conclusions
The data presented here provide the first direct assessment of the impact of different sanitation procedures on the subway microbiome, allowing a better understanding of its composition and dynamics and showing that a biological sanitation approach may be highly effective in counteracting pathogens and AMR spread in our increasingly urbanized and interconnected environment.
Qualitative evaluation of the implementation of “Tuning in to Kids” in Norwegian Kindergartens
Authors: Skåland Vilde Randen , Havighurst Sophie Seychelle , Nygaard Egil , Teig Inger Lise 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
From January to June 2020, 22 FUS kindergartens across Norway implemented Tuning in to Kids for Kindergarten Teachers (TIK-KT) as part of a randomized control trial (RCT). Between the evaluation of an intervention and use of it in daily practice, a research-to-practice gap can often occur. The theory of planned behavior constituted the theoretical basis for the qualitative interviews that were administered to explore these gaps. This study aimed to explore motivation among kindergarten staff regarding the implementation of TIK-KT.

Methods
Participants from the FUS kindergartens RCT were part of the current study. A stepwise deductive inductive strategy was used in the thematic content analysis. The data were from eleven semi-structured telephone interviews with kindergarten leaders and teachers. Codes from interviews before and after implementation were grouped based on thematic connections, and code groups were further combined into themes. The Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research were used as a reporting standard.

Results
The interviews resulted in four main themes: (1) understanding the rationale of implementation, (2) "aha"-experiences, (3) the research-to-practice gap and (4) the main motivation. Kindergarten leaders and teachers expressed positive attitudes toward the intervention ideas and motivation to practice emotion coaching skills and toward implementing TIK-KT both before and after implementation.

Conclusion
Kindergarten leaders’ and teachers’ motivation for implementation came from having a good understanding of the ideas of Tuning in to Kids for Kindergarten Teachers (TIK-KT), experiencing moments of “aha” regarding the intervention, not being held back by practical issues, and working toward their ultimate goal, the wellbeing of the children. These findings have implications for future implementation of TIK-KT and other mental health-promoting interventions and guide further areas of research to examine implementation mechanisms.
Trial registration: The study was registered with the Clinical Trials Registry (NCT03985124), June 13th, 2019.
Boosting neuregulin 1 type-III expression hastens SMA motor axon maturation
Authors: Kong Lingling , Hassinan Cera W. , Gerstner Florian , Buettner Jannik M. , Petigrow Jeffrey B. , Valdivia David O. , Chan-Cortés Michelle H. , Mistri Amy , Cao Annie , McGaugh Scott Alan , Denton Madeline , Brown Stephen , Ross Joshua , Schwab Markus H. , Simon Christian M. , Sumner Charlotte J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntercellular communication between axons and Schwann cells is critical for attaining the complex morphological steps necessary for axon maturation. In the early onset motor neuron disease spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), many motor axons are not ensheathed by Schwann cells nor grow sufficiently in radial diameter to become myelinated. These developmentally arrested motor axons are dysfunctional and vulnerable to rapid degeneration, limiting efficacy of current SMA therapeutics. We hypothesized that accelerating SMA motor axon maturation would improve their function and reduce disease features. A principle regulator of peripheral axon development is neuregulin 1 type III (NRG1-III). Expressed on axon surfaces, it interacts with Schwann cell receptors to mediate axon ensheathment and myelination. We examined NRG1 mRNA and protein expression levels in human and mouse SMA tissues and observed reduced expression in SMA spinal cord and in ventral, but not dorsal root axons. To determine the impact of neuronal NRG1-III overexpression on SMA motor axon development, we bred NRG1-III overexpressing mice to SMA∆7 mice. Neonatally, elevated NRG1-III expression increased SMA ventral root size as well as axon segregation, diameter, and myelination resulting in improved motor axon conduction velocities. NRG1-III was not able to prevent distal axonal degeneration nor improve axon electrophysiology, motor behavior, or survival of older mice. Together these findings demonstrate that early SMA motor axon developmental impairments can be ameliorated by a molecular strategy independent of SMN replacement providing hope for future SMA combinatorial therapeutic approaches.
Evaluation of the inter and intraobserver reproducibility of the “defect coverage index method”, a new computed tomography assessment method of sagittal graft positioning in arthroscopic bone block procedures
Authors: Delgado Cristina , De Rus Ignacio , Cañete Pablo , Díaz Jorge , Ruiz Raquel , García Navlet Miguel , Ruiz Ibán Miguel Ángel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPurposeTo assess the reproducibility of a new 2‐dimensional computed tomography (CT) method of assessing graft positioning in arthroscopic bone block procedure.MethodsThis is a prospective observational study. Twenty‐seven patients, (all men, mean [Standard deviation] age at surgery 30.9 [8.49] years) were included. Vertical graft position was assessed on the sagittal view by measuring the amount of glenoid bone defect covered by the graft. The length of the bone defect and the amount of graft covering the defect were measured. Positioning of the graft on the sagittal plane was classified as accurate if the graft covered at least 90% of the defect. Intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility was analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Kappa coefficient with 95% confidence.ResultsExcellent intraobserver reproducibility was found, with an ICC of 0.94 (CI 95%, 0.86‐0.97). Interobserver reproducibility was good, with the ICC value of 0.71, ranging from 0.45 to 0.86 (CI 95%).ConclusionThis new method of assessing graft positioning in arthroscopic bone block procedures on 2‐dimensional computed tomography scans is reliable, with an excellent intraobserver and good interobserver reproducibility.Level of evidenceIII
Nanomedicine and nanoparticle-based delivery systems in plastic and reconstructive surgery
Authors: Solidum Jea Giezl N. , Ceriales Jeremy A. , Ong Erika P. , Ornos Eric David B. , Relador Ruth Joy L. , Quebral Elgin Paul B. , Lapeña Jose Florencio F. , Tantengco Ourlad Alzeus G. , Lee Ka Yiu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Nanotechnology and nanomedicine are rising novel fields in plastic and reconstructive surgery (PRS). The use of nanomaterials often goes with regenerative medicine. Due to their nanoscale, these materials stimulate repair at the cellular and molecular levels. Nanomaterials may be placed as components of nanocomposite polymers allowing enhancement of overall biochemical and biomechanical properties with improved scaffold properties, cellular attachment, and tissue regeneration. They may also be formulated as nanoparticle-based delivery systems for controlled release of signal factors or antimicrobials, for example. However, more studies on nanoparticle-based delivery systems still need to be done in this field. Nanomaterials are also used as frameworks for nerves, tendons, and other soft tissues.

Main body
In this mini-review, we focus on nanoparticle-based delivery systems and nanoparticles targeting cells for response and regeneration in PRS. Specifically, we investigate their roles in various tissue regeneration, skin and wound healing, and infection control. Cell surface-targeted, controlled-release, and inorganic nanoparticle formulations with inherent biological properties have enabled enhanced wound healing, tumor visualization/imaging, tissue viability, and decreased infection, and graft/transplantation rejection through immunosuppression.

Conclusions
Nanomedicine is also now being applied with electronics, theranostics, and advanced bioengineering technologies. Overall, it is a promising field that can improve patient clinical outcomes in PRS.
A comparative study between continuous epidural analgesia, ultrasound guided continuous femoral nerve block (CFNB), and ultrasound guided continuous adductor canal block (ACB) for post-operative pain management after total knee replacement (TKR)
Authors: Kalad Remon Nadhy Nassif , Ali Hoda Omar Mahmoud , Thabet Wael Reda Hussein , Elsotouhy Abdelrahman Mabrouk Abdelghaffar , Sharaf Amr Gaber Sayed 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Total knee replacement (TKR) is considered a prevailing cause of severe postoperative pain and discomfort among orthopedic surgeries, limiting postoperative ambulation that is important for regaining joint function. Despite being the gold standard, epidural analgesia can be accompanied by diverse complications delaying postoperative ambulation and discharge from hospital. Continuous femoral nerve block (CFNB) and continuous adductor canal block (ACB) are reliable and efficacious regional anaesthesia techniques allowing better control of postoperative pain. This study purposed to compare epidural analgesia, continuous femoral nerve block & continuous adductor canal block regarding postoperative analgesia & incidence of postoperative complications.
The aim of this study is to estimate the efficacy of epidural analgesia, continuous femoral nerve block & continuous adductor canal block regarding postoperative pain control following total knee replacement and the rate of incidence of associated postoperative complications.
This is a prospective randomized controlled study where sixty patients were randomized into three equal groups, patients in group A received epidural analgesia, patients in group B received continuous femoral nerve block while patients in group C received continuous adductor canal block with postoperative continuous infusion of 0.125% bupivacaine with fentanyl 2µg/ml in the three groups at a rate of 5 ml/hr. VAS score was assessed for 48 hours post-operatively and complications were recorded.

Results
Epidural analgesia was superior to CFNB and ACB regarding postoperative pain control using visual analogue scale and postoperative pain control. CFNB and ACB are superior to epidural analgesia regarding postoperative ambulation and postoperative complications.

Conclusions
Continuous epidural analgesia provides superior analgesia following total knee replacement than femoral nerve block and adductor canal block, with relatively more adverse effects like pruritus, post operative nausea, and vomiting (PONV). Both CFNB and ADB are good alternatives with fewer systemic side effects.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT 05249478.
Embolization for acute nonvariceal bleeding of upper and lower gastrointestinal tract: a systematic review
Authors: Ini’ Corrado , Distefano Giulio , Sanfilippo Filippo , Castiglione Davide Giuseppe , Falsaperla Daniele , Giurazza Francesco , Mosconi Cristina , Tiralongo Francesco , Foti Pietro Valerio , Palmucci Stefano , Venturini Massimo , Basile Antonio 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Acute non-variceal gastrointestinal bleedings (GIBs) are pathological conditions associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Embolization without angiographic evidence of contrast media extravasation is proposed as an effective procedure in patients with clinical and/or laboratory signs of bleeding. The purpose of this systematic review is to define common clinical practice and clinical and technical outcomes of blind and preventive embolization for upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding.

Main body
Through the PubMed, Embase and Google Scholar database, an extensive search was performed in the fields of empiric and preventive embolization for the treatment of upper and lower gastrointestinal bleedings (UGIB and LGIB). Inclusion criteria were: articles in English for which it has been possible to access the entire content; adults patients treated with empiric or blind transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) for UGIB and/or LGIB. Only studies that analysed clinical and technical success rate of blind and empiric TAE for UGIB and/or LGIB were considered for our research. Exclusion criteria were: recurrent articles from the same authors, articles written in other languages, those in which the entire content could not be accessed and that articles were not consistent to the purposes of our research. We collected pooled data on 1019 patients from 32 separate articles selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. 22 studies focused on UGIB (total 773 patients), one articles focused on LGIB (total 6 patients) and 9 studies enrolled patients with both UGIB and LGIB (total 240 patients). Technical success rate varied from 62% to 100%, with a mean value of 97.7%; clinical success rate varied from 51% to 100% with a mean value of 80%. The total number of complications was 57 events out of 1019 procedures analysed.

Conclusion
TAE is an effective procedure in the treatment of UGIB patients in which angiography does not demonstrate direct sign of ongoing bleeding. The attitude in the treatment of LGIBs must be more prudent in relation to poor vascular anastomoses and the high risk of intestinal ischemia. Blind and preventive procedures cumulatively present a relatively low risk of complications, compared to a relatively high technical and clinical success.
Standardizing lymphangiography and lymphatic interventions: a preclinical in vivo approach with detailed procedural steps
Authors: Pan Feng , Do Thuy D. , Schmitt Niclas , Vollherbst Dominik F. , Möhlenbruch Markus , Tinoush Parham , Brobeil Alexander , Koch Vitali , Richter Götz M. , Pereira Philippe L. , Kauczor Hans U. , Sommer Christof M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To present a preclinical in vivo approach for standardization and training of lymphangiography and lymphatic interventions using a pictorial review.

Materials and methods
Different lipiodol- and gadolinium-based lymphangiography and lymphatic interventions were performed in twelve (12) landrace pigs with a mean bodyweight of 34 ± 2 kg using various imaging and guiding modalities, similar to the procedures used in humans. The techniques used were explicitly introduced and illustrated. The potential applications of each technique in preclinical training were also discussed.

Results
By applying visual, ultrasonography, fluoroscopy, CT, cone-beam CT, and/or MRI examination or guidance, a total of eleven techniques were successfully implemented in twelve pigs. The presented techniques include inguinal postoperative lymphatic leakage (PLL) establishment, interstitial dye test, five types of lymphangiography [incl. lipiodol-based translymphatic lymphangiography (TL), lipiodol-based percutaneous intranodal lymphangiography (INL), lipiodol-based laparotomic INL, lipiodol-based interstitial lymphangiography, and interstitial magnetic resonance lymphangiography (MRL)], and four types of percutaneous interventions in the treatment of PLL [incl. thoracic duct embolization (TDE), intranodal embolization (INE), afferent lymphatic vessel sclerotherapy (ALVS), and afferent lymphatic vessel embolization (ALVE)].

Conclusion
This study provides a valuable resource for inexperienced interventional radiologists to undergo the preclinical training in lymphangiography and lymphatic interventions using healthy pig models.
“It doesn’t make any sense to even try”: the disruptive impact of COVID-19’s first wave on people with chronic pain using medical cannabis in New York
Authors: Zolotov Yuval , Lomba Jacinta , Ghiroli Megan , Masyukova Mariya , Arnsten Julia H. , Starrels Joanna L. , Ross Jonathan , Cunningham Chinazo O. , Slawek Deepika E. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted health care but it is unknown how it impacted the lives of people using medical cannabis for chronic pain.

Objective
To understand the experiences of individuals from the Bronx, NY, who had chronic pain and were certified to use medical cannabis during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
We conducted 1:1 semi-structured qualitative telephone interviews from March through May 2020 with a convenience sample of 14 individuals enrolled in a longitudinal cohort study. We purposively recruited participants with both frequent and infrequent patterns of cannabis use. Interviews addressed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on daily life, symptoms, medical cannabis purchase, and use. We conducted a thematic analysis, with a codebook approach, to identify and describe prominent themes.

Results
Participants’ median age was 49 years, nine were female, four were Hispanic, four were non-Hispanic White, and four were non-Hispanic Black. We identified three themes: (1) disrupted access to health services, (2) disrupted access to medical cannabis due to the pandemic, and (3) mixed impact of chronic pain on social isolation and mental health. Due to increased barriers to health care in general and to medical cannabis specifically, participants reduced medical cannabis use, stopped use, or substituted medical cannabis with unregulated cannabis. Living with chronic pain both prepared participants for the pandemic and made the pandemic more difficult.

Conclusion
The COVID-19 pandemic amplified pre-existing challenges and barriers to care, including to medical cannabis, among people with chronic pain. Understanding pandemic-era barriers may inform policies in ongoing and future public health emergencies.