bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Awareness of Dental Practitioners and Intern Dental Practitioners in Northern Cyprus towards Pandemic of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Önöral Ö , Caymaz MG 
Published: August 2023

Aims:
This study aimed to evaluate the perception, attitude, and awareness of dental practitioners (DPs) and intern DPs towards SARS-COV-2 by comparing the awareness-attitude score (AAS).

Materials and Methods:
An online survey was generated in Google Forms. An invitation email was sent to all DPs in Northern Cyprus (n = 270) and intern DPs at Near East University (n = 200). Data were blindly collected from March 2020 to May 2020. Participants received 1 point for each correct answer. By adding up all collected points, an AAS was determined. Data were statistically analyzed.

Results:
The questionnaire was answered by 228 DPs (84% response-rate). No statistically significant difference was detected between gender-groups in terms of AAS (P = 0.301). A significant difference was detected between occupation groups in terms of AAS (P = 0.006), and of these, dentist-academician-group exhibited superior score. Other tested variables (specialty, way of occupation, place of occupation, and duration of occupation) had no influence on the AAS (P > 0.05). Relation between age and AAS was statistically significant (P = 0.054, Spearmen Correlation). Increasing age increases AAS as linear relation was detected between these variables (P = 0.011, Linear Regression). The questionnaire was also answered by 182 intern DPs (91% response-rate). No significant difference was detected between gender-groups (P = 0.378). Correlation was insignificant between age and AAS (P = 0.933).

Conclusions:
Occupation is the only variable influencing AAS of DPs. Academicians exhibited superior knowledge regarding SARS-CoV-2. The AASs of DPs and intern DPs were analogous.
Functional Outcome of Staged Reconstruction of Blast Injury of the Hand
Authors: Sabo VY 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study is to describe the details of initial care, reconstruction and rehabilitation of blast injury to the hand of an adult scavenger staff of a recycling plant from an IED and determine the functional outcome of the treatment in terms of restoration of prehension of the hand. A detailed chronology of the clinical evaluation of a Nigerian adult admitted on the 14th of August, 2018 with blast injury to his left hand, the initial and subsequent care he received (while both on admission and after discharge) and the outcome of the treatment: return of prehension and time taken by patient to return to work. This patient was resuscitated and had initial care which comprised of serial debridement and fixation of fractures. Subsequent care he had included: wound resurfacing with thoraco-abdominal flap and glabrous skin grafting, digit stump refashioning of injured hand. Rehabilitation was achieved by meticulous physiotherapy and patient regained adequate prehensile function and returned to work within three months of discharge. Follow up at 16months showed tremendous improvement of function of the hand. A carefully executed care plan is rewarded with a good functional outcome (restoration of prehension of the injured hand and return to work) especially when treating a patient with a complex injury like blast injury to the hand.
Comparison of Airway Measurements in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Non-rheumatoid Patients using Lateral Cephalometric Radiographs
Authors: Badr FF , Jadu FM , Nasir AM , Jan AM , Wali S , Mustafa M , Bawazin Y , Meisha D 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTObjective:The aim of this study was to investigate the potential relationship between the volumetric area of the upper airway and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by comparing upper airway measurements between patients with and without RA.Methods:This case-control study compared upper airway measurements between patients with and without RA using lateral cephalometric radiographs. Two distinct measurements were made: the area of the upper airway, which is defined as “the area extending from the point of the retro-palatal region to the base of the epiglottis,” and the distance of the upper airway, which is defined as “the distance between the anterior border of the third cervical vertebra (C3) and the anterior border of the soft tissue of the neck“. A single examiner performed all measurements, and the intra-examiner reliability was assessed.Results:Sixty-one RA patients and 95 non-RA patients were included in the case and control groups, respectively. RA patients were significantly older in age and with higher BMI values. Patients with or without RA had Angle Class II as the most prevalent orthodontic classification. The upper airway was slightly narrower in RA patients, resulting in a smaller area, and the length of the upper airway was significantly longer in RA patients.Conclusion:Patients with RA have narrower upper airways as measured on lateral cephalometric radiographs. This may partially explain the high prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea among patients with RA. Focusing on airways measurements when cephalometric radiographs are taken for patients with RA could give some idea about which patient is likely to have OSA.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceptions Related to Telemedicine among Young Doctors and Nursing Staff at the King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital Jeddah, KSA
Authors: Ahmed TJ , Baig M , Bashir MA , Gazzaz ZJ , Butt NS , Khan SA 
Published: August 2023

Objective:
To investigate the knowledge, perceptions, and attitude of young doctors and nurses at Kind Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) Jeddah, KSA, regarding the effectiveness of telemedicine in dealing with the patients for either follow-up or continuous monitoring of chronic diseases.

Material and Methods:
This prospective cross-sectional study was carried out on the young doctors and nursing staff at KAUH. An online questionnaire addressing all the required fields, i.e., background essential demography, perceptions, acceptance, and knowledge regarding telemedicine's utility, was sent to the targeted population of health care workers. Completed responses were analyzed statistically as per study objectives.

Results:
The response rate in our study was 85%. A total of 335 participants responded to our questionnaire. One hundred seventy-one (51.1%) were doctors, whereas one hundred sixty-four (48.9%) were the nursing staff. Among doctors, 50 (29.4%) were recent graduates, whereas, in the nursing side, 77 (46.7%) were the senior nursing students. The knowledge and attitude of the young nursing staff were relatively better than the senior staff taking part in the study and the trends were found statistically significant.

Conclusion:
Our study participants, being young, were enthusiastic, had good knowledge regarding the advantages and limitations of telemedicine in managing the selected groups of patients. Their perception and attitude were quite positive. This is an encouraging trend in the promotion of telemedicine as an established way of managing patients with special requirements in an effective way. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of telemedicine in emergencies to protect both patients and health care workers by reducing chronic patients' avoidable hospital visits.
Implementing Trauma Resuscitation Protocol in COVID 19 Era
Authors: Okoye OG 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Trauma remains the leading cause of death in individuals less than 45 years. Management of major trauma is protocol driven around the world. Most protocols are in line with the popular Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) principles. These principles have been adjudged to be safe and consistent even in the presence of infectious diseases while employing standard precautions. In view of the current community spread, large cases of COVID 19 in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) and the magnitude of the infectivity, it has become necessary to adjust our local trauma resuscitation protocols in order to ensure the safety of the trauma team and the trauma patients as well.
Abnormal Blood Glucose and the Relationship with Clinical Outcome in Acutely Ill Children Admitted to the Emergency Unit of a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Ugege MO , Chikani UN , Yusuf T , Amodu-Sanni M , Ibitoye PK , Abdul Rahman MB 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Dysglycemia (hyper- or hypoglycemia) is frequently seen in acutely ill children and may be associated with poor outcome.

Objective:
To determine and compare clinical characteristics and outcomes of children admitted for acute illnesses presenting with euglycemia and dysglycemia. A prospective cohort study was conducted in Emergency Pediatric Unit (EPU), of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH), Sokoto.

Subjects and Methods:
Children aged ≤15 years, admitted for acute illnesses were enrolled consecutively for a 6-month period. An Accu-Chek Active glucometer was used to check blood glucose of subjects at admission, and based on the result; subjects were categorized as either euglycemic or dysglycemic. The clinical characteristics and outcomes (discharged or died) were compared in the two groups. Statistical analysis involved Chi square test and logistic regression.

Results:
The median age of 376 subjects was 24 months (range: 1-156 months). Forty-four subjects (11.7%) had dysglycemia, consisting of 36 (9.6%) with hyperglycemia, and 8 (2.1%) with hypoglycemia, whereas 332 (88.3%) had euglycemia. The clinical characteristics associated with hyperglycemia were presence of fever (p = 0.001), and convulsion (p = 0.04), whereas hypoglycemia; coma and hepatomegaly (p = 0.01). Forty subjects (40/376, 10.6%) died. The proportion of those that died in the dysglycemic group (10/44, 22.7%) was significantly higher than that in the euglycemic group (30/332, 9%) (p = 0.006). Subjects who had hyperglycemia were 2.6 times less likely to survive (OR = 2.64, 95% CI: 1.02--6.79, P = 0.05) compared to their euglycemic counterparts. Hypoglycemia was not significantly associated with death outcome (p = 0.13).

Conclusion:
Dysglycemia, particularly hyperglycemia, was significantly associated with increased mortality in acutely ill children. We recommend routine bedside glucose estimation for all acutely ill children at admission to the emergency unit, to detect dysglycemia, treat hypoglycemia promptly, monitor closely, and treat aggressively the underlying conditions in children with hyperglycemia to prevent attendant high mortality.
Study of Aqueous Ecballium Elaterium as Fibrinolytic in The Rabbit Model of Intrapleural Empyema
Authors: Şahin A , Oruc M , Meteroğlu F , Erbey A , Alabalık U , Kaplan İ 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Aims:
We aimed to investigate of intrapleural use of ecballium elaterium (EE) in a rabbit model empyema.

Methods:
An empyema was induced in 21 rabbits after inoculation of Staphylococcus aureus. Glucose levels, pH, lactate dehydrogenase levels, and amounts of pleural drainage were evaluated in addition to pleural and empyema scores. The rabbits were divided into three groups, each 7, the isotonic solution, the streptokinase, and the ecballium group.

Results:
At autopsy, there was no difference in pH, glucose, and LDH levels in three groups. The mean pleural drainage was greater in the ecballium group. A significant difference was detected between groups in terms of drainage amounts and pleural and empyema scores (P < 0.05). A significant difference in pleural and empyema scores was detected in the ecballium and streptokinase groups (P < 0.05). EE group had significant differences in drainage amounts and plural and empyema scores regard to the control group (P < 0.05). No significance was found between streptokinase and EE groups.

Conclusion:
We conclude that intrapleural use of EE is at least as effective as streptokinase for the treatment of empyema.
Evaluating the Effect of Subcrestal Placement on Platform Switched Short Dental Implants and Von Mises Stress in D3 Bone–A 3D FEM Study
Authors: Reddy MS , Rajasekar S , Eid Abdelmagyd HA 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:
To investigate the effect of platform switched short dental implants and subcrestal placement on von Mises stress in the maxillary anterior region (D3 bone) by using three-dimensional finite element model analyses (3D FEM).

Materials and Methods:
Biomechanical behaviour of von Mises stress in maxillary anterior region (D3) bone were stimulated with the help of 3D FEM with the help of ANSYS WORKBENCH version 17.5. The bone model had a cortical core of (1 mm) surrounding the inner cancellous core, which represents D3 bone. Two models were designed model 1 (6 x 4.6 mm), (7.5 x 4.6 mm) and model 2 (6 x 5.8 mm), (7.5 x 5.8 mm). Loads of 100, 200 N were applied at an angle of 0°, 15°, 30° along the long axis of the tooth model.

Results:
In all model's cortical bone exhibited greater stress than cancellous bone. Greater stress was reported in axial direction at 30° then 15° and least at 0° irrespective of load applied. An increase in implant length (7.5 mm) did not exhibit any stress reduction in both the model but implant diameter (5.8 mm) led to reduction in von Mises stress in both the groups. Greater the force applied greater was stress in both bones irrespective of direction of force applied (200N). Lastly subcrestal (0.5 mm) placement has slight reduction in stress compared to equicrestal placement in both the groups.

Conclusion:
Numerical results from the current study suggest that, for short implants, implant diameter is considered more effective design parameter than implant length. Current findings state that platform switch short subcrestal implants results in conservation of marginal bone loss along with better stress distribution around peri-implant regions in D3 bone. However, all models analyzed in this study showed development of von Mesies stresses within physiological limits for human cortical bone.
Assessment of Visceral and Subcutaneous Obesity to Understand the Efficiency of Adipose Tissue in Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Dal MB , Ulutas KT 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Fat accumulation in the visceral and subcutaneous regions can trigger fat necrosis during acute pancreatitis (AP).

Aims:
We investigated the role of visceral and subcutaneous fat in acute pancreatitis. In this study, we investigated the role of visceral and subcutaneous fat to understand the efficiency of adipose tissue in the AP.

Materials and Methods:
Computed tomography of 68 patients and 68 healthy at the level of L4-5 intervertebral disc were analyzed for body adiposity composition using designated software. Body subcutaneous and visceral composition was measured by using the designated software of the CT.

Results:
Visceral fat was higher in the control group (198 ± 146) than the group of the AP (155 ± 118) (P = 0.038), whereas the subcutaneous fat was found higher in the AP instead (292 ± 133 to 139 ± 102; P = 0,001). Visceral fat (B = 0,29; P = 0,0013), gender (male) (B = -0.3; P = 0.0122), age (B = 0.274; P = 0.0087), and complication (B = -0.229; P = 0.007) predicted the subcutaneous fat as the dependent variable. In the receiver operating characteristic (ROC), the area under curve was 0.562 (0.402–0.636; 95% CI, P = 0.038) for the visceral fat, while it was 0.906 (0.824–0.962; 95% CI, P < 0.0001) for the subcutaneous fat. Its cutoff was calculated as 183.7 for subcutaneous fat.

Conclusion:
Visceral fat analysis showed a contradiction according to subcutaneous fat that AP was strongly associated with subcutaneous one. The result supports that visceral and subcutaneous fat tissues should have different path of inflammation affecting the AP.
Oxidative Stress Parameters and Antioxidant Enzyme Levels in Patients with Central Serous Chorioretinopathy
Authors: Urfalioglu S , Baylan F Alkan , Güler M 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a posterior segment disease caused by macular serous detachment as a result of inflammation and oxidative stress due to hypoperfusion of choriocapillaris.

Aims:
The aim of the study was to assess the oxidant/antioxidant balance in CSC.s

Materials and Methods:
The plasma levels of malonyl dialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), myeloperoxidase (MPO), catalase (CAT), and xanthine oxidase (XO) were assessed in 21 patients with CSC (group S) and in 23 individuals without any eye pathology as the control group (group C). Furthermore, the disease was staged through routine opthalmologic examination as well as optic coherence tomography (OCT).

Results:
MDA levels were significantly higher in group S (25.36 ± 4.51 nmol/ml), when compared with group C (22.79 ± 3.23 nmol/ml) (P = 0.035). In addition, the levels of CAT were significantly lower in group S (8.28 ± 5.85 U/ml) when compared to group C (14.02 ± 8.61 (P = 0.014).

Conclusion:
Prevention of the oxidative injury may be considered among the associated treatment options under the light of the changes detected in the oxidative/antioxidative parameters.
Risk Factors for Maternal and Perinatal Complications during Pregnancy among Women with Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Huang TT , Zhao WX , Lin JH 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease during pregnancy. Studies of risk factors are of great significance to maternal and fetal outcomes in patients with TOF.

Aims:
To identify predictive risk factors for maternal and perinatal complications in women with TOF.

Subjects and Methods:
78 patients with TOF who delivered at Shanghai Obstetrical Cardiology Intensive Care Center between January 1993 and December 2017 were retrospective reviewed. A logistic regression model was used to identify risk factors for maternal and perinatal complications.

Results:
There was no maternal death, five patients developed cardiac failure, sustained arrhythmias requiring treatments were recorded among 2 patients. Factors identified for maternal complications included previous cardiac events and oxygen saturation <90%. Oxygen saturation <90% was found to be independent predictor of maternal cardiac complications (RR = 21.455, 95%CI 2.186–210.572, P = 0.009). The perinatal survival rate was 87.18%, there were 52 term deliveries (66.67%). Perinatal poor outcomes include 9 therapeutic abortions (11.54%), 1 neonatal death (1.28%), 16 premature births (20.51%), 18 small for gestational age children (23.08%), 3 neonatal asphyxia (3.85%), and 3 neonatal cardiac malformations (3.85%). Factors identified for perinatal complications included without cardiac surgery, higher hemoglobin values, higher hematocrit values, oxygen saturation <90%, right ventricular hypertrophy, pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, and pulmonary hypertension. Oxygen saturation <90% was found to be independent predictor of perinatal complications (RR = 8.270, 95%CI 1.374–49.790, P = 0.021).

Conclusions:
Oxygen saturation <90% is associated with maternal and perinatal risks. Women with TOF whose oxygen saturation <90% are not recommended for pregnancy because of high maternal and perinatal complications.
Coping Strategies among Patients Attending HIV Clinics in a North-central State of Nigeria
Authors: Ahmed A , Osinubi MO , Fasiku MM , Uthman MM , Soyannwo T , Jimoh OS 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Nigeria ranks third among the countries with the highest HIV/AIDS burden in the world, next only to India and South Africa. The North-Central zone which Kwara State belongs to has the highest concentration of HIV prevalence rate of 7.5%, while the North-Western zone recorded the lowest prevalence of 2.1%; Kwara state has a prevalence rate of 2.2%.

Aims:
The study assessed the coping strategies adopted by patients attending HIV clinics in a North-central city of Nigeria.

Methods:
The study design was descriptive cross-sectional involving 384 HIV-positive patients who were systematically recruited at 5 public service delivery sites in Ilorin- a North-central city, Nigeria was used for the study. Coping strategies were measured using the Brief COPE scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20.0. Level of significance was pre-determined at P value <0.05 at a confidence level of 95%.

Results:
Female respondents constituted 222 (58.0%) while males were 162 (42.0%). Respondents experienced varying proportion of coping strategies of which Self-distraction 288 (75.0%), active coping 249 (64.8%), emotional support 228 (59.4%), among others were the major strategies adopted by respondents.

Conclusion:
HIV is a chronic disease with heavy burden on both patients and health facility rendering services for the care of these patients. A good proportion of respondents interviewed adopted varying coping strategies. Sustained social and psychological support will improve further the coping strategies of living with HIV.
Tibia Gap Nonunion Following Sequestrectomy Treated with a Nonvascularized Fibula Strut Graft
Authors: Onuoha KM , Bassey AO , Omotola O , Adedapo A 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Chronic osteomyelitis of the tibia is a common sequela of acute osteomyelitis which may present with a bone defect following sequestrectomy. Treatment of the gap nonunion can be done with the ipsilateral fibula as a strut graft when harvested subperiosteally and this leads to good outcome. A 7-year-old girl presented to our facility with a 25 cm defect of her right tibia following sequestrectomy for chronic osteomyelitis in another facility. X-rays revealed a healthy tibia superiorly and inferiorly with an intact fibula. She subsequently had an ipsilateral subperiosteal nonvascularized fibula harvest which was used to fill the tibia defect as a strut graft. The synostosis healed perfectly and the fibula reossified, time to union was 17 weeks, and the patient commenced full weight-bearing thereafter. Management of bone gap following sequestrectomy for chronic osteomyelitis remains a challenge to the orthopedic surgeon. The subperiosteal fibular harvest and use as a strut graft is a viable option with good outcomes. Our experience with this case may serve as a way out of this usual challenge.
Role of Orff Music Therapy in Improving Auditory Processing Skills in Children with Intellectual Disability
Authors: Senkal OA , Muhtar Z 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Orff Music Therapy improves auditory processing, language, and cognitive functions in children who have Intellectual Disability (ID).

Aims:
In literature, there are no studies from the auditory processing skills reviewing perspective. The current study examined the role of Orff Music Therapy in terms of auditory processing skills of children who have ID.

Method:
Twenty-nine children who have ID were subjected in a 6-week Orff Music Therapy program.

Results:
The mean musical assessment scores improved after Orff Music Therapy. The total Listening Inventory (TLI) scores before Orff Music Therapy were considered to be risky above the cut-off level for children who have ID. The criterion cutoff scores show if the child's behaviors may indicate a disorder or dysfunction. The TLI scores were reduced after Orff Music Therapy, which means there was an improvement in auditory processing skills.

Conclusion:
Auditory processing skills are essential for children who have ID. If a child who has ID has been identified as having auditory processing disorder (APD), there is a need for a proven therapeutic approach, like Orff Music Therapy. It has been considered that ID and APD can be linked in the same category of neurodevelopmental disorders.