bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amygdala‐related electroencephalogram neurofeedback as add‐on therapy for treatment‐resistant childhood sexual abuse posttraumatic stress disorder: feasibility study
Authors: Fine Naomi B. , Helpman Liat , Armon Daphna Bardin , Gurevitch Guy , Sheppes Gal , Seligman Zivya , Hendler Talma , Bloch Miki 
Published: August 2023

AimChildhood sexual abuse (CSA) among women is an alarmingly prevalent traumatic experience that often leads to debilitating and treatment‐refractory posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), raising the need for novel adjunctive therapies. Neuroimaging investigations systematically report that amygdala hyperactivity is the most consistent and reliable neural abnormality in PTSD and following childhood abuse, raising the potential of implementing volitional neural modulation using neurofeedback (NF) aimed at down‐regulating amygdala activity. This study aimed to reliably probe limbic activity but overcome the limited applicability of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) NF by using a scalable electroencephalogram NF probe of amygdala‐related activity, termed amygdala electrical‐finger‐print (amyg‐EFP) in a randomized controlled trial.MethodFifty‐five women with CSA‐PTSD who were in ongoing intensive trauma‐focused psychotherapy for a minimum of 1 year but still met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM‐5) PTSD criteria were randomized to either 10 add‐on sessions of amyg‐EFP‐NF training (test group) or continuing psychotherapy (control group). Participants were blindly assessed for PTSD symptoms before and after the NF training period, followed by self‐reported clinical follow‐up at 1, 3, and 6 months, as well as one session of amygdala real‐time fMRI‐NF before and after NF training period.ResultsParticipants in the test group compared with the control group demonstrated a marginally significant immediate reduction in PTSD symptoms, which progressively improved during the follow‐up period. In addition, successful neuromodulation during NF training was demonstrated.ConclusionThis feasibility study for patients with treatment‐resistant CSA‐PTSD indicates that amyg‐EFP‐NF is a viable and efficient intervention.
Morphology, anatomy, and histochemistry of three species of Jatropha: a contribution to plant recognition and selection
Authors: Syahruni R. , Umar A. H. , Todingbua D. , Semba Y. , Irmawati D. , Ratnadewi D. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Jatropha, a traditional medicinal plant known for its anti‐inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, antiviral, antidiabetic, and anticoagulant properties, was the subject of our study.
We examined the morphology and chemical composition of three Jatropha species using cross‐ and longitudinal sections of fresh samples, observed with light microscopy. Histochemical analysis was conducted using various reagents to reveal the metabolites present.
Anatomically, the distinguishing feature among the three Jatropha species was the presence of secretory cavities. These structures were identified in the petiole and stem bark of J. multifida, while in J. gossypiifolia and J. curcas they were present in roots. The stem bark cells of J. gossypiifolia were roundish in shape, whereas the others were rectangular. Laticifers were detected in the leaves, petioles, and stem bark of all three Jatropha species, while idioblasts were present in almost all organs. Histochemical tests revealed that excretory idioblasts and laticifers in Jatropha species contained alkaloids, phenolics, lipophilic compounds, and terpenoids. The cuticle of non‐glandular trichomes contained terpenoids, while phenolic compounds were found within the secretory cavities.
These findings contribute to the identification of Jatropha species and provide valuable insights for the selection and collection of specific plant organs containing bioactive compounds.
Partisan schadenfreude and candidate cruelty
Authors: Webster Steven W. , Glynn Adam N. , Motta Matthew P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe establish the prevalence of partisan schadenfreude—that is, taking “joy in the suffering” of partisan others. Analyzing attitudes on health care, taxation, climate change, and the coronavirus pandemic, we find that a sizable portion of the American mass public engages in partisan schadenfreude and that these attitudes are most expressed by those who are ideologically extreme. Additionally, we find that a sizable portion of the American public is more likely than not to vote for candidates who promise to pass policies that “disproportionately harm” supporters of the opposing political party, and we demonstrate experimental evidence of demand/preference for candidates who promise cruelty among those who exhibit high amounts of schadenfreude. In sum, our results suggest that partisan schadenfreude is widespread and has disturbing implications for American political behavior.
Nanocages and cell‐membrane display technology as smart biomaterials
Authors: Wang Yulan , Miron Richard J. , Zhang Xiaoxin , Zeng Hao , Zhang Yufeng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGold nanocages (AuNCs) have been invented and developed over two decades as biomaterial in clinical medicine with great application potential. AuNCs have a characteristic structure of porous walls with hollow interior and a compact size. This makes it possible for them to transport biomolecules or drugs with the advantages of their photothermal effects that could help further destroy germs or tumors while also regulating the release of drugs inside. Furthermore, their bioactivity and application can be broadened by using cell‐membrane display technology. AuNCs have shown tremendous potential in antibacterial activity, inflammation modulation, and tissue regeneration, which is required in periodontitis and peri‐implantitis treatment. Thus, this article provides an overview of AuNCs synthesis, characteristics, surface modifications, and clinical applications, aiming to serve as a reference for the design and fabrication of AuNCs‐based smart materials for periodontal or peri‐implant application.
Control of tissue homeostasis by the extracellular matrix: Synthetic heparan sulfate as a promising therapeutic for periodontal health and bone regeneration
Authors: Miguez P. A. , Bash E. , Musskopf M. L. , Tuin S. A. , Rivera‐Concepcion A. , Chapple I. L. C. , Liu J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractProteoglycans are core proteins associated with carbohydrate/sugar moieties that are highly variable in disaccharide composition, which dictates their function. These carbohydrates are named glycosaminoglycans, and they can be attached to proteoglycans or found free in tissues or on cell surfaces. Glycosaminoglycans such as hyaluronan, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate, and heparin/heparan sulfate have multiple functions including involvement in inflammation, immunity and connective tissue structure, and integrity. Heparan sulfate is a highly sulfated polysaccharide that is abundant in the periodontium including alveolar bone. Recent evidence supports the contention that heparan sulfate is an important player in modulating interactions between damage associated molecular patterns and inflammatory receptors expressed by various cell types. The structure of heparan sulfate is reported to dictate its function, thus, the utilization of a homogenous and structurally defined heparan sulfate polysaccharide for modulation of cell function offers therapeutic potential. Recently, a chemoenzymatic approach was developed to allow production of many structurally defined heparan sulfate carbohydrates. These oligosaccharides have been studied in various pathological inflammatory conditions to better understand their function and their potential application in promoting tissue homeostasis. We have observed that specific size and sulfation patterns can modulate inflammation and promote tissue maintenance including an anabolic effect in alveolar bone. Thus, new evidence provides a strong impetus to explore heparan sulfate as a potential novel therapeutic agent to treat periodontitis, support alveolar bone maintenance, and promote bone formation.
Behavioral and psychiatric correlates of brain responses to social feedback
Authors: Rappaport Brent I. , Kujawa Autumn , Arfer Kodi B. , Pegg Samantha , Kelly Danielle , Jackson Joshua J. , Luby Joan L. , Barch Deanna M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMaladaptive responses to peer acceptance and rejection arise in numerous psychiatric disorders in adolescence; yet, homogeneity and heterogeneity across disorders suggest common and unique mechanisms of impaired social function. We tested the hypothesis that social feedback is processed similarly to other forms of feedback (e.g., monetary) by examining the correspondence between the brain's response to social acceptance and rejection and behavioral performance on a separate reward and loss task. We also examined the relationship between these brain responses and depression and social anxiety severity. The sample consisted of one hundred and thirteen 16–21‐year olds who received virtual peer acceptance/rejection feedback in an event‐related potential (ERP) task. We used temporospatial principal component analysis and identified a component consistent with the reward positivity (RewP) or feedback negativity (FN). RewP to social acceptance was not significantly related to reward bias or the FN to social rejection related to loss avoidance. The relationship between RewP and depression severity, while nonsignificant, was of a similar magnitude to prior studies. Exploratory analyses yielded a significant relationship between lower socioeconomic status (SES) and blunted RewP and between lower SES and heightened loss avoidance and blunted reward bias. These findings build on prior work to improve our understanding of the function of the brain's response to social feedback, while also suggesting a pathway for further study, whereby poverty leads to depression via social and reward learning mechanisms.
Biochemical and functional characteristics of stored (double‐dose) buffy‐coat platelet concentrates treated with amotosalen and a prototype UVA light‐emitting diode illuminator
Authors: Brouard Nathalie , Pissenem‐Rudwill Floriane , Mouriaux Clarisse , Haas Delphine , Galvanin Adeline , Kientz Daniel , Mangin Pierre H. , Isola Hervé , Hechler Béatrice 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundPathogen reduction of platelet concentrates (PCs) using amotosalen and broad‐spectrum UVA illumination contributes to the safety of platelet transfusion by reducing the risk of transfusion‐transmitted infections. We evaluated the in vitro quality of stored buffy‐coat (BC) PCs treated with amotosalen and a prototype light‐emitting diode (LED) illuminator.MethodsDouble‐dose BC‐PCs collected into PAS‐III/plasma or SSP+/plasma (55/45%) were treated with amotosalen in combination with either conventional UVA lamps (INT100 Illuminator 320–400 nm) or LED illuminators at 350 nm. Platelet quality and function were evaluated over 7 days.ResultsPlatelet counts were conserved during storage in all groups, as was platelet swirling without appearance of macroscopic aggregates. Integrin αIIbβ3 and glycoprotein (GP) VI expression remained stable, whereas GPIbα and GPV declined similarly in all groups. UV lamp‐ and LED‐treated PCs displayed similar glucose consumption, lactate generation, and pH variation. Comparable spontaneous and residual P‐selectin and phosphatidylserine exposure, activated αIIbβ3 exposure, mitochondrial membrane potential, lactate dehydrogenase release, and adhesive properties under flow conditions were observed during storage. The use of SSP+/plasma compared with PAS‐III/plasma better preserved most of these parameters, especially during late storage, irrespective of the type of illuminator.ConclusionReplacing the UVA lamp for photochemical treatment by LED illuminators had no impact on platelet metabolism, spontaneous activation, apoptosis or viability, or on the in vitro function of BC‐PCs stored for 7 days in SSP+ or PAS‐III/plasma. These findings support improved procedures for the pathogen reduction and storage of PCs, to ensure transfusion safety and retention of platelet functional properties.
Salmonella assessment along the Spanish food chain: Likelihood of Salmonella occurrence in poultry and pig products is maintained across the food chain stages
Authors: Rodríguez Antonio , Sacristán Carlos , Iglesias Irene , de la Torre Ana 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSalmonellosis is one of the most important foodborne diseases worldwide, including the European Union. Despite the One Health approach measures for risk assessment and risk management implemented by the European Union, the occurrence of disease and disease outbreaks remains high (e.g. 694 outbreaks were reported in 2020), highlighting the need of new assessment methods. Herein we applied machine learning using the random forests method to evaluate and identify key points regarding the occurrence of Salmonella sp. along the Spanish food chain during 2015–2020, using data provided by the Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition. We compared the role of the three categorical variables [product (20 categories), region (18 categories) and stage (11 categories)]. Salmonella presence was influenced by the three explanatory variables considered: first by product, followed by region and stage. The most determinant product for Salmonella probability was ‘meat’, while the most important stage was ‘slaughterhouse’. Specifically, the highest values were found in pig and poultry meats. In these products, the Salmonella probability was high at the early and final stages of the food chain, although not at intermediate stages. The presence of Salmonella in the final stages (retail) of the food chain is of concern, as it can cause human cases of salmonellosis, including outbreaks. This study demonstrates the utility of the random forest method to identify key points and evaluate the control efforts. We recommend improving the surveillance and control measures, especially in the product and stages pointed out by our analysis, and enhancing the data collection harmonization among the different autonomous communities.
Word problem and parabolic subgroups in Dyer groups
Authors: Paris Luis , Soergel Mireille 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOne can observe that Coxeter groups and right‐angled Artin groups share the same solution to the word problem. On the other hand, in his study of reflection subgroups of Coxeter groups, Dyer introduces a family of groups, which we call Dyer groups, which contains both, Coxeter groups and right‐angled Artin groups. We show that all Dyer groups have this solution to the word problem, we show that a group which admits such a solution belongs to a little more general family of groups that we call quasi‐Dyer groups, and we show that this inclusion is strict. Then we show several results on parabolic subgroups in quasi‐Dyer groups and in Dyer groups. Notably, we prove that any intersection of parabolic subgroups in a Dyer group of finite type is a parabolic subgroup.
Artificial Neural Network Technique for Seismic Fragility Analysis of a Storage Tank Supported by Multi-Storey Frame
Authors: Quinci Gianluca , Paolacci Fabrizio , Phan Hoang Nam 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A Fragility function, which defines the conditional probability of exceeding a limit state given an intensity measure of the earthquake, is an essential ingredient of modern approaches like the performance-based earthquake engineering methodology. However, the generation of such curves generally entails a high computational effort to account for epistemic and aleatory uncertainties associated with structural analysis and seismic load. Moreover, a certain probability function, such as the log-normal distribution, is usually assumed in order to carry out the conditional probability of failure of a structure, without any prior information on the correct probability distribution. In this paper, an artificial neural network model is proposed to carry out fragility curves in order to avoid the aforementioned problems. In this respect, this paper investigates the following aspects: (i) implementation of an efficient algorithm to select proper seismic intensity measures as inputs for artificial neural network, (ii) derivation of surrogate models by using the artificial neural network techniques, (iii) computation of fragility curves by means Monte Carlo Simulations, and (iv) validation phase.
Pleistocene Sunda Shelf submersion-exposure cycles initiate vegetation Walker Circulation feedback
Authors: McGrath Sarah M. , Clemens Steven C. , Huang Yongsong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Recent research has found that the subsiding Sunda Shelf (Southeast Asia) was permanently exposed prior to ca. 400 ka with initial submersion-exposure cyclicity, associated with interglacial-glacial sea-level cycles, beginning between 400 and 240 ka. We analyzed the impact submersion-exposure cycles on regional environment and climate through a 640 k.y. leaf-wax carbon isotope (δ13Cwax) reconstruction at Andaman Sea Site U1448, representing relative changes in C3/C4 plant abundances. Prior to ca. 250 ka, the Sunda region was inhabited by a stable C3 (forest) biome, after which submersion-exposure cycles initiated with the deglacial sea-level rise at ca. 250 ka. During subsequent glacial-age sea-level drops, the newly exposed shelf was rapidly colonized by C4 grasses, followed by slow transitions back to C3 forests, representing a tenfold increase in the variability of C3/C4 vegetation in the Sunda region. The C3/C4 regime shift since 250 ka is coherent across the Southeast (SE) Asia peninsula and Sunda Shelf and is coincident with a shift in the east-west sea-surface temperature gradient in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. We hypothesize that the expansion of C4 grasslands promoted and sustained drier glacial-age climates over SE Asia via a feedback mechanism that contributed to weakening the ascending branch of the east-west atmospheric circulation in the equatorial Pacific region known as the Walker Circulation. Our results indicate that the Sunda Shelf region has a larger influence on Walker Circulation than is seen in current paleoclimate simulations.
Landscape analysis of environmental, social and governance (ESG) investing metrics for consumer nutrition and health in the food and beverage sector
Authors: O'Hearn Meghan , Reedy Julia , Robinson Ella , Economos Christina , Wong John B , Sacks Gary , Mozaffarian Dariush 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe private sector plays a critical role in influencing food choices and health outcomes of consumers. Among private sector actors, investors are a powerful yet underutilised stakeholder for driving scalable public health impact. There are systems to facilitate investors’ involvement, notably environmental, social and governance (ESG) investing, which is well placed to include an assessment of business risks to social well-being. However, nutrition efforts within the ESG agenda (ESG-Nutrition) are nascent. We aimed to critically assess the strength of existing ESG-Nutrition metrics to advance the science of measuring business impacts on consumer nutrition and health.MethodsESG-Nutrition metrics were extracted from eight ESG frameworks and categorised across four domains: product portfolio healthfulness; product distribution and equity; product marketing and labelling; and nutrition-related governance. The strength of each metric was evaluated and scored 1–3 (best), independently by two researchers, based on six attributes: materiality, objectivity, alignment, activity, resolution and verifiability. The total score (range 6–18) and intercorrelation for each attribute was calculated.ResultsAcross 529 metrics, most related to product marketing and labelling (n=230, 43.5%), followed by product healthfulness (n=126, 23.8%), nutrition-related governance (n=108, 20.4%) and product distribution and equity (n=65, 12.3%). Across all metrics, average total score was 10.94 (1.58), with average attribute scoring highest for verifiability (mean: 2.36 (SD: 0.57)), objectivity (2.11 (0.61)) and materiality (2.01 (0.68)) and lowest for activity (1.83 (0.74)), alignment (1.37 (0.67)) and resolution (1.26 (0.65)). Most intercorrelations were null, suggesting attributes were measuring distinct characteristics of each metric. Significant heterogeneity across domains and frameworks was also observed.ConclusionsThis research identifies a range of nutrition-related metrics used in ESG frameworks with respect to food companies, but with substantial heterogeneity in relevant nutrition domains covered and strength of each metric. Efforts are required to improve the quality of metrics across frameworks, establish standardised reporting and align these with investor priorities.
Implementing psychological support for health and social care staff affected by the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative exploration of staff well-being hubs (‘Resilience Hubs’) using normalisation process theory
Authors: Allsopp Kate , Varese Filippo , French Paul , White Hannah , Chung Priscilla , Hassan Alysha A , Wright Sally-Anne , Young Ellie , Barrett Alan , Bhutani Gita , McGuirk Katherine , Huntley Fay , Sarsam May , Ten Cate Hein , Watson Ruth , Willbourn Jenni , Hind Daniel 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesEvaluate the implementation of Hubs providing access to psychological support for health and social care keyworkers affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.DesignQualitative interviews informed by normalisation process theory to understand how the Hub model became embedded into normal practice, and factors that disrupted normalisation of this approach.SettingThree Resilience Hubs in the North of England.ParticipantsHub staff, keyworkers who accessed Hub support (Hub clients), keyworkers who had not accessed a Hub, and wider stakeholders involved in the provision of staff support within the health and care system (N=63).ResultsHubs were generally seen as an effective way of supporting keyworkers, and Hub clients typically described very positive experiences. Flexibility and adaptability to local needs were strongly valued. Keyworkers accessed support when they understood the offer, valuing a confidential service that was separate from their organisation. Confusion about how Hubs differed from other support prevented some from enrolling. Beliefs about job roles, unsupportive managers, negative workplace cultures and systemic issues prevented keyworkers from valuing mental health support. Lack of support from managers discouraged keyworker engagement with Hubs. Black, Asian and minority ethnic keyworkers impacted by racism felt that the Hubs did not always meet their needs.ConclusionsHubs were seen as a valuable, responsive and distinct part of the health and care system. Findings highlight the importance of improving promotion and accessibility of Hubs, and continuation of confidential Hub support. Policy implications for the wider health and care sector include the central importance of genuine promotion of and value placed on mental health support by health and social care management, and the creation of psychologically safe work environments. Diversity and cultural competency training is needed to better reach under-represented communities. Findings are consistent with the international literature, therefore, likely to have applicability outside of the current context.