bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mutation profiling, tumour burden assessment, outcome prediction and disease monitoring by circulating tumour DNA in peripheral T‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Wei Chong , Wang Wei , Zhang Yan , Zhao Danqing , Zhang Wei , Zhou Daobin 
Published: May 2023

SummaryIn this prospective study, we aimed to evaluate the utility of circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) in peripheral T‐cell lymphomas (PTCLs). Plasma cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) was obtained, and the mutational profile was assessed in 47 patients with newly diagnosed mature T‐ and NK‐cell lymphoma. To validate the mutations detected in cfDNA, paired tumour tissue samples were available for 36 patients. Targeted next‐generation sequencing was performed. A total of 279 somatic mutations involving 149 genes were identified in the 47 cfDNA samples. The overall sensitivity of plasma cfDNA in discovering biopsy‐confirmed mutations was 73.9% with a specificity of 99.6%. When we considered only mutations with variant allele frequency >5% in the tumour biopsy, the sensitivity increased to 81.9%. Pretreatment ctDNA concentration and the number of mutations were highly correlated with tumour burden indicators including lactate dehydrogenase, Ann Arbor stage and International Prognostic Index score. Patients with high ctDNA level (>1.9 log ng/mL) had significantly lower overall response rates, inferior 1‐year progression‐free survival and overall survival rates than those with low level. Longitudinal analysis of ctDNA showed a strong agreement between ctDNA dynamics and the radiographic response. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that ctDNA may serve as a promising tool for mutational profiling, tumour burden assessment, outcome prediction and disease monitoring in PTCLs.
Risk factors associated with loss of variable‐thread tapered implants: A retrospective observational study of 1–5 years
Authors: Xu Yangbo , Liu Tie , Lin Mengna , Xu Antian , Shen Xiaoting , He Fuming 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the survival rate of variable‐thread tapered implants (VTTIs) and identify risk factors for early/late implant loss.Materials and MethodsFrom January 2016 to December 2019, patients who received VTTIs were included in this study. The cumulative survival rates (CSRs) at implant/patient levels were calculated by the life table method and presented via Kaplan–Meier survival curves. The relation between investigated variables and early/late implant loss was analyzed by the multivariate generalized estimating equation (GEE) regression model on the implant level.ResultsA total of 1528 patients with 2998 VTTIs were included. 95 implants from 76 patients were lost at the end of observation. At the implant level, the CSRs at 1, 3, and 5 years were 98.77%, 96.97%, and 95.39%, respectively, whereas they were 97.84%, 95.31%, and 92.96% at the patient level, respectively. The multivariate analysis revealed that non‐submerged implant healing (OR = 4.63, p = .037) was associated with the early loss of VTTIs. Besides, male gender (OR = 2.48, p = .002), periodontitis (OR = 3.25, p = .007), implant length <10 mm (OR = 2.63, p = .028), and overdenture (OR = 9.30, p = .004) could significantly increase the risk of late implant loss.ConclusionVariable‐thread tapered implants could reach an acceptable survival rate in clinical practice. Non‐submerged implant healing was associated with early implant loss; male gender, periodontitis, implant length <10 mm, and overdenture would significantly increase the risk of late implant loss.
Invasion history of Lycium ferocissimum in Australia: The impact of admixture on genetic diversity and differentiation
Authors: McCulloch Graham A. , Gurdasani Komal , Hereward James P. , Morin Louise , Walter Gimme H. , Raghu S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimWe investigated the invasion history of Lycium ferocissimum, a spine‐covered shrub native to South Africa that was introduced to Australia in the mid‐1800s, and has since developed into a damaging invasive plant of undisturbed landscapes and pastures. In addition to identifying the provenance of the Australian plants, we tested for evidence of admixture, and contrasted genetic diversity and structuring across the native and introduced ranges.LocationSamples were collected across South Africa (24 localities) and Australia (26 localities).MethodsWe used genotyping‐by‐sequencing (3117 SNPs across 381 individuals) to assess population genetic structuring in L. ferocissimum across Australia and South Africa. Coalescent analyses were used to explicitly test contrasting invasion scenarios.ResultsClear geographic genetic structuring was detected across South Africa, with distinct clusters in the Eastern and Western Cape provinces. The L. ferocissimum plants in Australia form their own genetic cluster, with a similar level of genetic diversity as plants in South Africa. Coalescent analyses demonstrated that the lineage in Australia was formed by admixture between Eastern Cape and Western Cape plants, with most of the genetic material from the Australian lineage originating from the Western Cape. Our analyses suggest that L. ferocissimum plants were originally introduced to South Australia, though it is unclear whether admixture occurred before or after its introduction to Australia. We detected little evidence of geographic genetic structure across Australia, although many of the populations were genetically distinct from one another.Main ConclusionsOur results illustrate how admixture can result in genetically diverse and distinct invasive populations. The complex invasion history of L. ferocissimum in Australia poses particular challenges for biological control. We suggest potential biological control agents should be screened against admixed plants (in addition to plants from the Eastern and Western Cape) to test whether they provide effective control of the genetically distinct invasive lineage.
Hospital admissions of school‐age children with an intellectual disability: A population‐based survey
Authors: Horridge Karen A. , Bretnall Grace , Fraser Lorna K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimTo describe the profiles of hospital admissions of school‐age children identified with a learning disability (ICD‐11 intellectual developmental disorder) and/or safeguarding needs compared to children without learning disability, in a population where proactive identification of learning disabilities in children is embedded in practice.MethodData were collected about the reasons for and duration of hospital admissions of school‐age children living in the study catchment area between April 2017 and March 2019; the presence (or absence) of learning disability and/or safeguarding flags in the medical record was also noted. The impact of the presence of flags on the outcomes was explored using negative binomial regression modelling.ResultsOf 46 295 children in the local population, 1171 (2.53%) had a learning disability flag. The admissions of 4057 children were analysed (1956 females; age range 5–16 years, mean 10 years 6 months, SD 3 years 8 months). Of these, 221 out of 4057 (5.5%) had a learning disability, 443 out of 4057 (10.9%) had safeguarding flags, 43 out of 4057 (1.1%) had both, and 3436 out of 4057 (84.7%) had neither. There was a significantly increased incidence of hospital admissions and length of stay in children with either or both flags, compared to children with neither.InterpretationChildren with learning disabilities and/or safeguarding needs have higher rates of hospital admissions than children without. Robust identification of learning disabilities in childhood is required to make the needs of this group visible in routinely collected data as the first step towards needs being appropriately addressed.What this paper adds

Children with learning disabilities must be consistently identified in populations so that their needs are made visible.
Information about these needs must be collected from educational, health, and social care sources and scrutinized systematically.
Children with learning disabilities and safeguarding needs have an increased incidence of hospital admissions and length of stay.
Twenty‐four hour pattern of childhood febrile seizures substantiated by time series meta‐analysis: Circadian medicine perspectives
Authors: Smolensky Michael H. , Shah Ami P. , Fernández José R. , Sackett‐Lundeen Linda , Hermida Ramon C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMajor objectives of this work were to: (1) substantiate the 24‐hour pattern in the occurrence of childhood febrile seizures (CFSs) by a novel time series meta‐analysis of past reported time‐of‐day data and (2) discuss its potential circadian rhythm‐dependencies. Comprehensive search of the published literature retrieved eight articles that met inclusion criteria. Three investigations were conducted in Iran, two in Japan, and one each in Finland, Italy, and South Korea, representing a total of 2461 mostly simple febrile seizures of children who were on average about 2 years of age. Population‐mean cosinor analysis validated (p < .001) a 24‐hour pattern in the onset of CFSs, with an approximate four‐fold difference in the proportion of children expressing seizures at its peak at 18:04 h (95% confidence interval: 16:40–19:07 h) vs trough at 06:00 h, in the absence of meaningful time‐of‐day differences in mean body temeprarure. The CFS time‐of‐day pattern likely derives from the actions of multiple circadian rhythms, particularly the cytokines that comprise the pyrogenic inflammatory pathway and melatonin that influences the excitation level of central neurons and helps regulate body temperature. Past laboratory animal and patient investigations document that the vulnerability to a seizure by a provoking trigger of the same intensity is not the same but different in a predictable‐in‐time manner during the 24 h as a circadian susceptibility/resistance rhythm. Knowledge of the marked disparity in the time‐of‐day risk of CFSs can be translated into improved prevention, particularly during the late afternoon and early evening when highest, through proper timing of prophylactic interventions.
Research and development intensive clusters and regional competitiveness
Authors: Kosfeld Reinhold , Mitze Timo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractModern cluster theory provides reasons for positive external effects that accrue from the interaction of spatially proximate firms operating in common and related fields of economic activity. In this paper, we examine the impact of R&D‐intensive clusters as a key factor of regional competitiveness on productivity growth. In relying on a hybrid approach of cluster identification, we examine effects of cluster specialization and diversity for a panel of German NUTS‐3 regions in 2003–2019. After controlling for regional characteristics and unobserved heterogeneity, a robust cluster strength effect (i.e., specialization) on productivity growth is found within the context of conditional convergence across German regions. With regard to the underlying mechanisms, we find that the presence of multiple R&D‐intensive clusters in specific technological fields is most strongly linked to higher levels of regional productivity growth. We also find that advantages from cluster specialization are strongest in key industrial sector such as automobile production, machinery, chemical and pharmaceutical products. Overall, our estimates particularly highlight the working of Marshallian externalities in productivity dynamics, while Jacobs‐type spillovers tend to be partially realized. These findings indicate that some but not all cluster‐based regional development strategies are promising policy tools to foster regional growth processes.
‘Getting the vaccine makes me a champion of it’: Exploring perceptions towards peer‐to‐peer communication about the COVID‐19 vaccines amongst Australian adults
Authors: Karras Joshua , Harrison Mia , Seale Holly 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesPeer‐to‐peer communication approaches have been previously described as the ‘power of personal referral’. Rather than relying on official channels of information, peer‐to‐peer communication may have a role in supporting changes in understanding and possibly behaviours. However, in emergency or pandemic situations, there is currently limited understanding of whether community members feel comfortable speaking about their vaccine experiences or advocating to others. This study explored the perceptions of COVID‐19 vaccinated and unvaccinated Australian adults regarding their preferences and opinions about peer‐peer communication and other vaccine communication strategies.Study DesignQualitative interview research.MethodsIn‐depth interviews were conducted in September 2021 with 41 members of the Australian community. Thirty‐three participants self‐identified as being vaccinated against COVID‐19, while the remainder were not vaccinated at the time or did not intend on receiving a COVID vaccine.ResultsAmongst those who were vaccinated, participants spoke about being willing to promote the vaccine and correct misinformation and felt empowered following their vaccination. They highlighted the importance of peer‐to‐peer communication and community messaging, expressing the need for both strategies in an immunisation promotional campaign, with a slight emphasis on the persuasive power of communication between family and friends. However, those who were unvaccinated tended to dismiss the role of community messaging, commenting on a desire not to be like one of the many who listened to the advice of others.ConclusionDuring emergency situations, governments and other relevant community organisations should consider harnessing peer‐to‐peer communication amongst motivated individuals as a health communication intervention. However further work is needed to understand the support that this constituent‐involving strategy requires.Patient or Public ContributionParticipants were invited to participate through a series of online promotional pathways including emails and social media posts. Those who completed the expression of interest and met the study criteria were contacted and sent the full study participant information documentation. A time for a 30 min semi‐structured interview was set and provided with a $50 gift voucher at the conclusion.
Highly stable and fast‐dissolving ascorbic acid‐loaded microneedles
Authors: Leelawattanachai Jeerapond , Panyasu Kedsara , Prasertsom Kornkanok , Manakasettharn Supone , Duangdaw Hathaiphat , Budthong Pitchaon , Thepphornbanchakit Naranya , Chetprayoon Paninee , Muangnapoh Kullachate , Srinives Sira , Waraho‐Zhmayev Dujduan , Triampo Darapond 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesAscorbic acid has many benefits to the skin. Numerous attempts to promote its topical delivery show great challenges since its chemical instability and poor skin impermeability. Microneedle delivery is a simple, safe, painless and effective means to deliver therapeutic or nourishing molecules into the skin. The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to develop a new formulation of ascorbic acid‐loaded microneedles to enhance ascorbic acid stability by investigating an optimal amount of polyethyleneimine as an additive to the dextran‐based microneedle formulation and (b) to assess microneedle properties in terms of dissolving rate, skin penetration ability, biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity.MethodsThe microneedles formulated with ascorbic acid and varied polyethyleneimine concentrations were fabricated and subsequently tested for ascorbic acid stability using 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl assay. The dissolution rate and skin penetration depth were investigated in porcine skin and the reconstructed human full‐thickness skin model respectively. The skin irritation tests were done according to the Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development Test Guideline No. 439. An antimicrobial disc susceptibility test was performed against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis.ResultsAmong varied amounts of 0%, 1.5%, 3.0% and 4.5% (w/v), the 3.0% polyethyleneimine showed the most desirable characteristics, including well‐preserved shape integrity after demoulding, significantly improved stability of ascorbic acid (p < 0.001) from 33% to 96% antioxidant activity after 8 weeks of storage at 40°C, increased dissolving rate (p < 0.001) by being completely dissolved within 2 min after the skin insertion, passing skin penetration and biocompatibility tests as well as having a broad spectrum of antimicrobial property.ConclusionWith a safety profile and enhanced properties, the new formulation of ascorbic acid‐loaded microneedles shows outstanding potential as commercially available cosmetics and healthcare products.
Sentinel cluster of locally acquired Japanese encephalitis in southern Australia
Authors: Thorburn Samuel , Friedman Deborah , Burston John , Kinsella Paul M. , Martin Genevieve E. , Williamson Deborah A. , Jackson Justin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPrior to January 2022, only a single case of infection with Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) had been reported on the Australian mainland, acquired in the northern extremity on Cape York. We report the clinical characteristics of the sentinel cluster of cases that confirmed the local acquisition of JEV in southern Australia along the Murray River bordering New South Wales and Victoria.
Patient referral flow between physician and ophthalmologist visits for diabetic retinopathy screening among Japanese patients with diabetes: A retrospective cross‐sectional cohort study using the National Database
Authors: Ihana‐Sugiyama Noriko , Sugiyama Takehiro , Hirano Takao , Imai Kenjiro , Ohsugi Mitsuru , Kawasaki Ryo , Murata Toshinori , Ogura Youichiro , Ueki Kohjirou , Yamauchi Toshimasa , Kadowaki Takashi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAims/IntroductionRegular screening for diabetic retinopathy is essential. This study aimed to show the process and current situation of diabetic retinopathy screening prescribed by physicians (internists) and ophthalmologists for Japanese patients with diabetes.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective cohort study used data from the Japanese National Database of Insurance Claims between April 2016 and March 2018. Ophthalmology visits and fundus examinations are defined using specific medical procedure codes. The proportion of ophthalmology visits for patients with diabetic medication and for fundus examination among those who visited ophthalmologists was calculated in the fiscal year 2017. A modified Poisson regression analysis was carried out to identify factors associated with retinopathy screening. Similarly, quality indicators by prefectures were also calculated.ResultsAmong 4,408,585 patients receiving diabetic medications (57.8% men, 14.1% insulin use), 47.4% visited the ophthalmology department and 96.9% of those underwent fundus examination. Regression analysis showed that female sex, older age, insulin use, medical facilities with Japan Diabetes Society certification and large medical facilities were predictors of fundus examination. By prefecture, the ophthalmology consultation rate and the fundus examination ranged 38.5–51.0% and 92.1–98.7%, respectively.ConclusionsLess than half of the patients who were prescribed antidiabetic medication by their physicians visited an ophthalmologist. However, most of the patients who visited an ophthalmologist had a fundus examination carried out. A similar tendency was noted for each prefecture. It is essential to reaffirm the necessity of recommending ophthalmologic examinations to physicians and healthcare professionals who care for patients with diabetes.
Maternal uric acid levels and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and dose–response meta‐analysis of cohort studies including 105,380 participants
Authors: Nikparast Ali , Rahmani Jamal , Bagheri Reza , Mohammadpour Saba , Shadnoosh Mehdi , Wong Alexei , Ghanavati Matin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAims/IntroductionAlthough the association between uric acid levels and adverse pregnancy outcomes has been investigated, the effects of higher uric acid levels on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have yet to be established. Therefore, this systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to investigate the relationship between uric acid levels during pregnancy and the risk of GDM.Materials and MethodsPubMed/Medline, Scopus and Web of Science databases were searched up to April 2022 for relevant observational studies. A random effects model was used to estimate pooled odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). To assess the heterogeneity of included studies, the I2 index was used.ResultsAmong the initial 262 studies that were recognized from the databases search, 23 studies including 105,380 participants were eligible. Pooled analysis showed that higher uric acid levels significantly affected the risk of GDM (OR 2.58, 95% CI 1.89–3.52, I2 = 90.8%, P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses based on the gestational week showed that higher uric acid levels before the 20th week of gestation were significantly associated with the risk of GDM (OR 3.26, 95% CI 2.26–4.71, I2 = 89.3%, P < 0.001). Based on the meta‐regression analysis, uric acid levels and odds of GDM were significantly correlated with the participants' age, and it was more significant in younger pregnant women.ConclusionsThis study showed a positive association between uric acid levels and the risk of GDM. Also, our results indicate that measuring uric acid levels before 20 weeks of gestation can potentially predict GDM, especially in younger women.
Recalcitrance: The foreclosure of news about violence in Mexico
Authors: R. Donnelly Meghan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSince President Felipe Calderón declared his so‐called “war on organized crime” in December 2006, the dominant discourse about violence in Mexico has created the idea of a battle against or disputes between organized crime groups, and it has framed victims of murders and disappearances as themselves criminals. Recent scholarship highlights the role that journalists and news outlets have played in bolstering this narrative; however, ethnographic fieldwork with Mexican journalists complicates the notion that they and others unknowingly or uncritically reaffirm dominant interpretations about violence. This article introduces the concept of recalcitrance to elucidate how, even when reporters actively work to investigate beyond official statements, fear contributes to the reproduction of dominant discourses and forecloses the possibility of creating different kinds of news, truths, and narratives.
Government Spending, Debt Management, and Wealth and Income Inequality in a Growing Monetary Economy*
Authors: GOKAN YOICHI , TURNOVSKY STEPHEN J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper compares the impact of government investment and government consumption on macroeconomic aggregates and inequality when the government deficit is money‐financed while maintaining a fixed debt‐money ratio. Real aggregate quantities are independent of the debt‐money ratio, as is wealth inequality, but income inequality is impacted. We also investigate the impact of these two forms of government expenditure on the macroeconomic aggregates and distributions, illustrating their sharply contrasting effects on the tradeoffs they entail. While government investment is more effective in increasing the growth rate and moderating inflation, it has a more adverse effect on long‐run income inequality.