bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Observations of the delayed-choice quantum eraser using coherent photons
Authors: Kim Sangbae , Ham Byoung S. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Quantum superposition is the cornerstone of quantum mechanics, where interference fringes originate in the self-interference of a single photon via indistinguishable photon characteristics. Wheeler’s delayed-choice experiments have been extensively studied for the wave-particle duality over the last several decades to understand the complementarity theory of quantum mechanics. The heart of the delayed-choice quantum eraser is in the mutually exclusive quantum feature violating the cause-effect relation. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the quantum eraser using coherent photon pairs by the delayed choice of a polarizer placed out of the interferometer. Coherence solutions of the observed quantum eraser are derived from a typical Mach-Zehnder interferometer, where the violation of the cause-effect relation is due to selective measurements of basis choice.
A nomogram for predicting mortality of patients initially diagnosed with primary pulmonary tuberculosis in Hunan province, China: a retrospective study.
Authors: Li Dan , Li Linqi , Tang Siyuan , Lei Sheng , Xie Hebing 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: According to the Global Tuberculosis Report for three consecutive years, tuberculosis (TB) is the second leading infectious killer. Primary pulmonary tuberculosis( PTB) leads to the highest mortality among TB diseases. Regretfully,no previous studies targeted the PTB of a specific type or in a specific course, so models established in previous studies cannot be accurately feasible for clinical treatments.This study aimed to construct a nomogram prognostic model to quickly recognize death-related risk factors in patients initially diagnosed with PTB to intervene and treat high-risk patients as early as possible in the clinic to reduce mortality.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 1,809 in-hospital patients initially diagnosed with primary PTB at Hunan Chest Hospital from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2019. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors. A nomogram prognostic model for mortality prediction was constructed using R software and was validated using a validation set.
Results: Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that drinking, hepatitis B virus (HBV), body mass index (BMI), age, albumin (ALB), and hemoglobin (Hb) were six independent predictors of death in in-hospital patients initially diagnosed with primary PTB. Based on these predictors, a nomogram prognostic model was established with high prediction accuracy, of which the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.881 (95% confidence interval [Cl]: 0.777-0.847), the sensitivity was 84.7%, and the specificity was 77.7%internal and external validations confirmed that the constructed model fit the real situation well.
Conclusion: The constructed nomogram prognostic model can recognize risk factors and accurately predict the mortality of patients initially diagnosed with primary PTB. This is expected to guide early clinical intervention and treatment for high-risk patients.
SMYD2 Regulates Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypic Switching and Intimal Hyperplasia via Interaction with Myocardin
Authors: Zhou Yu , Sharma Shaligram , Sun Xiaonan , Guan Xiaoqing , Hou Yuning , Yang Zhe , Shi Hang , Zou Ming-Hui , Song Ping , Zhou Jiliang , Wang Shenming , Hu Zuojun , Li Chunying 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The SET and MYND domain-containing protein 2 (SMYD2) is a histone lysine methyltransferase that has been reported to regulate carcinogenesis and inflammation. However, its role in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) homeostasis and vascular diseases has not been determined. Here, we investigated the role of SMYD2 in VSMC phenotypic modulation and vascular intimal hyperplasia and elucidated the underlying mechanism. We observed that SMYD2 expression was downregulated in injured carotid arteries in mice and phenotypically modulated VSMCs in vitro. Using a SMC-specific Smyd2 knockout mouse model, we found that Smyd2 ablation in VSMCs exacerbates neointima formation after vascular injury in vivo. Conversely, Smyd2 overexpression inhibits VSMC proliferation and migration in vitro and attenuates arterial narrowing in injured vessels in mice. Smyd2 downregulation promotes VSMC phenotypic switching accompanied with enhanced proliferation and migration. Mechanistically, genome-wide transcriptome analysis and loss/gain-of-function studies revealed that SMYD2 up-regulates VSMC contractile gene expression and suppresses VSMC proliferation and migration, in part, by promoting expression and transactivation of the master transcription cofactor myocardin. In addition, myocardin directly interacts with SMYD2, thereby facilitating SMYD2 recruitment to the CArG regions of SMC contractile gene promoters and leading to an open chromatin status around SMC contractile gene promoters via SMYD2-mediated H3K4 methylation. Hence, we conclude that SMYD2 is a novel regulator of VSMC contractile phenotype and intimal hyperplasia via a myocardin-dependent epigenetic regulatory mechanism and may be a potential therapeutic target for occlusive vascular diseases.
CCT2 prevented β-Catenin proteasomal degradation to sustain cancer stem cell traits and promote tumor progression in epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Chen jiayao , Hu Qiong , Zhou chenhao , Jin danwen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is featured by rapid progression and dismal outcomes clinically. Chaperonin Containing TCP1 Subunit 2 (CCT2) was identified as a crucial regulator for tumor progression, however, its exact role in EOC remained largely unknown.
Methods: CCT2 expression and prognostic value in EOC samples were assessed according to TCGA dataset. Proliferation and mobility potentials were assessed by CCK8, colony-formation, wound healing, and Transwell assays. Cancer stem cell (CSC) traits were evaluated by RT-PCR, WB assays, sphere-forming assay and chemoresistance analysis. Bioinformatic analysis, co-IP assays, IF staining and ubiquitin assays were performed to explore the mechanisms of CCT2 on EOC cells.
Results: CCT2 highly expressed in EOC tissues and predicted poor prognosis of EOC patients by TCGA analysis. Silencing CCT2 significantly restrained cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Moreover, CCT2 could effectively trigger epithelial-mesenchymal transition to confer extensive invasion potentials to EOC cells, Importantly, CCT2 positively correlated with CSC markers in EOC, and CCT2 knockdown impaired CSC traits and sensitize EOC cells to conventional chemotherapy regimens. Contrarily, overexpressing CCT2 achieved opposite results. Mechanistically, CCT2 exerted its pro-oncogene function by triggering Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Specifically, CCT2 could recruit HSP105-PP2A complex, a well-established dephosphorylation complex, to β-catenin via direct physical interaction to prevent phosphorylation-induced proteasomal degradation of β-catenin, resulting in intracellular accumulation of active β-catenin and increased signaling activity.
Conclusions: CCT2 was a novel promotor for EOC progression and a crucial sustainer for CSC traits mainly by preventing β-catenin degradation. Targeting CCT2 may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for EOC.
Short protocol with progesterone-CIDR shows high ovulation synchrony and high fertility following artificial insemination in hair sheep
Authors: Moreira Nathalia Hack , Brasil Oscar Brasil Oliveira , Conceição Fábia Fernanda Cardoso de Barros da , de Oliveira Rodrigo Vasconcelos , Ramos Alexandre Floriani 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this study, three experiments were conducted to (1) evaluate estrus and ovulation synchronization using the short progesterone-CIDR or the medroxyprogesterone acetate (MAP) sponge protocol; (2) assess fertility after cervical insemination 8 or 4 h before the ovulation time; (3) evaluate the fertility of cervical artificial insemination or laparoscopic artificial insemination of ewes. The progesterone-CIDR protocol anticipated estrus (27.7 ± 5.8 vs. 43.1 ± 14.6) and ovulation (57.9 ± 3.9 vs. 80.0 ± 21.2) and improved estrus synchronization and ovulation compared with the ewes treated with intravaginal medroxyprogesterone acetate (MAP) sponges. Therefore, a progesterone-CIDR protocol was later used to evaluate fertility rates by cervical insemination with frozen semen at 50 or 54 hours after removal of the progesterone device, corresponding to 8 or 4 h, respectively, before the mean ovulation. However, the fertility rate did not differ between the two groups and was close to 20%. In contrast, laparoscopic insemination increased the fertility rate compared with cervical insemination (74.4% vs. 12.5%, P < 0.0001). Based on our findings, we conclude that using a short protocol with progesterone-CIDR improved estrus synchronization and ovulation in relation to using sponges containing MAP. However, using frozen semen for cervical artificial insemination near the time of ovulation using the progesterone CIDR protocol does not result in good fertility rates necessitating the use of laparoscopic insemination.
Agent-based modeling to estimate impact of parameters like events on a pandemic exemplified on Sars-CoV-2
Authors: Nitzsche Christian , Simm Stefan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In actual pandemic situations like COVID-19 it is important to understand the influence of single mitigation measures as well as combinations to create most dynamic impact for lockdown scenarios. Therefore we created an Agent-based model (ABM) to simulate the spread of Sars-CoV-2 in an abstract city model with several types of places and agents. In comparison to infection numbers in Germany our ABM could be shown to behave similarly over the first wave. In our model we implemented the possibility to test the effectiveness of mitigation measures and lockdown scenarios on the course of the pandemic. Thereby we focused on parameters of local events as possible mitigation measure and ran simulations including varying size, duration,frequency and the proportion of events. Most changes of single event parameters, except of frequency showed only a small influence on the overall course of the pandemic. By applying different lockdown scenarios in our simulations we could observe drastic changes in the number of infections per day and depending on the lockdown strategy even an delayed peak in infection numbers of the second wave. As an advantage of the developed ABM it is possible to analyse the individual risk of single agents during the pandemic. By this in contrast to standard or adjusted ODEs we could observe an 21% (with masks) / 48% without masks increased risk for single reappearing participants on local events with a linearly increasing risk based on the length of the events.
LIBS Sensing for In-Situ Iron Detection and Quantification in Wastewater Outfall
Authors: Bhatt Chet Raj , Hartzler Daniel , McIntyre Dustin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Iron measurement in water is important to ensure its quality. Although iron is essential for good health, when its level in water exceeds the permitted limit, it can cause health- and environmental-related issues. In this study, a spectroscopic methodology based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has been developed for in-situ detection and quantification of iron in water. Wastewater from the foundation of a historic building at the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) Morgantown site was collected for ten continual days and analyzed with the LIBS benchtop system and NETL’s LIBS probe. Spectral signatures of iron in the LIBS spectra were identified which demonstrated the significant presence of iron in the test samples. Machine learning tools, principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA), were used to distinguish the ten liquid samples. For quantitative study, univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. While two strong emission lines of iron, Fe I 371.9 nm and Fe I 373nm, were used to develop the calibration curve for univariate analysis, whole spectra in the selected wavelength range were utilized to plot the partial least square regression (PLS-R) curve. These calibration curves were then used to estimate the iron content in water samples, and the estimated values were compared to inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) measurements. The relative difference was found to be less than 15%, which shows that the iron content in liquid can be reliably detected and quantified by the LIBS-based spectroscopic technique.
Design parameter study based on nonlinear analysis of a bolt-connected precast concrete composite wall panel structure
Authors: Wang Yuhao , Liu Ye , Xiong Feng , Chen Wen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This paper presented an innovative numerical modelling method for bolt-connected precast wall panels, and a three-dimensional finite element (FE) model based on a full-scale two-story bolt-connected precast concrete composite wall panel structure tested on a shake table was proposed for nonlinear dynamic analysis. The wall panels were schematized with multilayer shell elements, whereas all bolted joints were described with 3-DoF nonlinear springs. The mean error rates between the numerical and experimental results of translational periods, maximum lateral displacements, and maximum accelerations were 13.10%, 10.71%, and 8.31%, respectively, showing that the proposed FE model possessed the ability to capture global and local responses. Parametric studies were conducted based on the verified FE model to evaluate the effects of the design parameters, such as the column-to-column connection, size of window openings, and number of stories, on the seismic performance of the bolt-connected precast wall panels. In addition, a three-story structure with a window-to-wall ratio of 0.50 without connections between columns was modelled and loaded by high-intensity seismic excitation, which meets the plastic story drift limit of θu = 1/120 and shows good safety margins against earthquakes.
On the Effectiveness of Microcredit and Health Insurance Access on Vulnerable People: Evidence from Cameroon
Authors: Nguena Christian-Lambert , Feutsa Sostella Arida Tchouala 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Using secondary data collected from Dschang in the West region of Cameroon, we examine the effectiveness of micro-credit and health insurance access on vulnerable groups which includes the physically disabled and other forms of vulnerability. We undertake a statistical and qualitative econometric analysis using a logit model and obtain the following results: microcredit and health insurance access reduce the vulnerability of people via their health, financial and social status. Our findings are at the basis of some economic measures that should be taken to assist vulnerable people. From a macroeconomic perspective, these measures include the implementation of a food policy targeted towards increasing access to nutrition; a financial policy to improve access to drugs for individuals, and a social policy to achieve a high level of integration of vulnerable peoples and a high level of literacy of individuals. From a microeconomic perspective, we recommend that microfinance managers should develop more products specific to and targeting the vulnerable population as well as those involved in small jobs and in the informal sector with specific loans that can help them move to formal and more conventional jobs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper with this objective and using the same case study methodology.
JEL Classification: G21; I32; I13; I18; P46.
System characteristics comparison of the Walk-Through Total-Body PET and the Biograph Vision Quadra PET/CT
Authors: Dadgar Meysam , Maebe Jens , Akl Maya Abi , Vervenne Boris , Vandenberghe Stefaan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Although a new generation of tomographs with a larger axial field of view called total-body PET has been developed, they are not widely utilized due to their high cost compared to conventional scanners. The walk-through total-body PET scanner is introduced as a high-throughput and cost-efficient alternative to total-body PET scanners, by making use of a flat-panel geometry and lower cost, depth-of-interaction capable, monolithic BGO detectors. The main aim of the presented study is to evaluate the system characteristics of the walk-through total-body PET scanner by comparing it with the Siemens Biograph Vision Quadra total-body PET.
Methods: The walk-through total-body PET is comprised of two flat detector panels, spaced 50 cm apart. Each panel, 70 x 106 cm^2 in size, consists of 280 BGO-based monolithic detectors. The Biograph Vision Quadra, one of the most common total-body PET scanners with 106 cm of axial field-of-view, is constructed with pixelated LSO scintillation crystals. The spatial resolution, sensitivity, count rate performance, scatter fractions and image quality of both scanners are simulated in the GATE simulation toolkit for comparison.
Results: Due to the DOI-capable detectors used in the walk-through total-body PET, the spatial resolution of this scanner was below 2 mm in the entire volume of the tomograph. This resolution is a large improvement compared to the values of the Quadra. This feature allows the walk-through total-body PET to use its maximum sensitivity (∼ 26%) for data acquisition and image reconstruction. While the Biograph Vision Quadra has a higher primary sensitivity (∼ 31.5%), after applying an 85 maximum ring difference cut to limit axial resolution loss, the corresponding value dropped by a factor of three (∼ 11.2%).
Conclusion: Based on the excellent combination of very good spatial resolution and high sensitivity of the walk-through total-body PET, along with a 2.2 times lower scintillation crystal volume and 1.8 times lower SiPM surface, this scanner can be a very cost-efficient alternative for total-body PET scanners.
Giant coronary aneurysm of Behcet's disease with sudden syncope: a case report
Authors: Feng Jingwei , Miao Qi , Zhang Chaoji 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Behcet's disease is a chronic inflammatory syndrome that can affect arteries and veins of all sizes, rarely involving arteries, and is an unusual cause of myocardial infarction. We report a 28-year-old female patient who was admitted to our hospital with multiple sudden syncope. Cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension (HT), diabetes and obesity were not found in her. Preoperatively, imaging examinations suggested thrombosis of inferior and superior vena cava and right heart combined with coronary artery aneurysm. The patient was finally diagnosed as a huge coronary artery aneurysm proximal to the left anterior descending artery. Syncope is considered to be caused by right ventricular outflow tract obstruction. The patient received successful aneurysm resection and had an uneventful postoperative recovery.
Simulation of English part of speech classification based on artificial intelligence and additive logistic regression
Authors: Jia Hongchun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
English part-of-speech classification technology is a technology that can process text data, can effectively solve the problem of messy data in text information categories, make data structured and organized, and facilitate people to obtain effective information implicit in the text. This article transforms the original polynomial distribution into a generalized linear model and uses logistic regression algorithm for specific implementation. Moreover, the model proposed in this paper inherits the good explanatory characteristics of the decision tree, and it locally uses logistic regression to fit the data, which greatly improves the function space that logistic regression can fit. In addition, due to changes in the decision theory of logistic regression leaf nodes, the corresponding tree branch theory also needs to be changed accordingly. Finally, this paper designs experiments to study the performance of the model constructed in this paper. The research results show that the model constructed in this paper has high accuracy in the extraction and classification of English part of speech features.
Strong and Tough Conductive Hydrogel with High Sensitivity via Self-Assembly-Induced Bridge Crosslinking
Authors: Li Tian , Qi Haobo , Zhao Yijing , Dong Xinyu , Guo Xiao , Zhao Miao , Li Xinwei , Zhai Wei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Conductive hydrogels possess remarkable potential for applications in soft electronics and robotics, owing to their unique combination of high electrical conductivity, stretchability, and impressive self-healing capabilities. Nonetheless, the limited strength and toughness of these hydrogels have traditionally impeded their practical implementation. Inspired by the hierarchical architecture of high-performance biological composites found in Nature, this study successfully fabricates a novel type of strong and tough conductive hydrogel through self-assembly-induced bridge crosslinking of MgB2 nanosheets and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels. By combining the micro- to nano-level hierarchical lamellar structures of PVA hydrogels with the robust molecular-level B-O covalent bonds, the resulting conductive hydrogel exhibits an exceptional strength of 8.58 to 32.7 MPa and a high toughness of 27.56 to 123.3 MJ/m3. Moreover, the hydrogel demonstrates exceptional sensitivity (with a response/relaxation time of 20ms and a detection lower limit of ~ 1Pa) under external deformation, thanks to its nanoscale MgB2 nanosheets/PVA lamellar structure and extremely low compressive modulus. These unique characteristics enable the conductive hydrogel to exhibit superior performance in advanced soft sensing applications, particularly in non-contact speaking detection. This study represents a major breakthrough, introducing a new class of conductive hydrogel that integrates exceptional strength, toughness, and sensitivity, thereby opening up exciting possibilities for the development of high-performance conductive hydrogels.
Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy Post SARS-CoV-2 Infection in an Adult Patient: Case Report
Authors: Hernandez-Dehesa Itzel Ariadna , Alvarez-Castro José Alfonso , Aguilar-Hidalgo Keren Magaly , Santellan-Hernandez Jose Omar , Castro-Soto Fernando 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose Show the MRI findings in a rare case of Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy Post SARS-CoV-2 Infection in an Adult PatientIntroduction Acute necrotizing encephalopathy is a rare condition characterized by the presence of symmetrical multifocal lesions with predominantly thalamic involvement, as well as involvement of the brainstem, white matter of the brain, and cerebellum.Case Presentation We describe a case of a 26-year-old male, with a medical history of medulloblastoma that was disease-free after treatment, and who tested positive in a PCR for SARS-CoV-2 in cerebrospinal fluid. Upon evaluation at the emergency department one week later, the patient was found to be awake, oriented, and focused, and could maintain attention for periods. Mixed dysarthria persisted, characterized by being flaccid and hypokinetic. On magnetic resonance imaging, there were multiple hemorrhagic lesions with surrounding edema in the right thalamus with an extension to the posterior arm of the internal capsule, a smaller one, in the left thalamus, and another expanded to the ipsilateral peduncle.Conclusion Acute necrotizing encephalopathy presents a great clinical and diagnostic challenge, Close clinical and radiological follow-up is essential, and magnetic susceptibility sequences (T2 or SWI) should be included in the diagnosis protocol.