bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular phenotypes of mitochondrial dysfunction in clinically non-manifesting heterozygous PRKN variant carriers
Authors: Castelo Rueda Maria Paulina , Zanon Alessandra , Gilmozzi Valentina , Lavdas Alexandros A. , Raftopoulou Athina , Delcambre Sylvie , Del Greco M Fabiola , Klein Christine , Grünewald Anne , Pramstaller Peter P. , Hicks Andrew A. , Pichler Irene 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHomozygous or compound heterozygous (biallelic) variants inPRKNare causal for PD with highly penetrant symptom expression, while the much more common heterozygous variants may predispose to PD with highly reduced penetrance, through altered mitochondrial function. In the presence of pathogenic heterozygous variants, it is therefore important to test for mitochondrial alteration in cells derived from variant carriers to establish potential presymptomatic molecular markers. We generated lymphoblasts (LCLs) and human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived neurons from non-manifesting heterozygousPRKNvariant carriers and tested them for mitochondrial functionality. In LCLs, we detected hyperactive mitochondrial respiration, and, although milder compared to a biallelicPRKN-PD patient, hiPSC-derived neurons of non-manifesting heterozygous variant carriers also displayed several phenotypes of altered mitochondrial function. Overall, we identified molecular phenotypes that might be used to monitor heterozygousPRKNvariant carriers during the prodromal phase. Such markers might also be useful to identify individuals at greater risk of eventual disease development and for testing potential mitochondrial function-based neuroprotective therapies before neurodegeneration advances.
Grain quality characteristics analysis and application on breeding of Yuenongsimiao, a high-yielding and disease-resistant rice variety
Authors: Lu Zhanhua , Fang Zhiqiang , Liu Wei , Lu Dongbai , Wang Xiaofei , Wang Shiguang , Xue Jiao , He Xiuying 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRice quality is one of the main targets of rice breeding and is a complex trait that involves grain appearance, milling, cooking, eating and nutritional quality. For many years, rice breeding has contended with imbalances in rice yield, quality, and disease and lodging resistance. Here, the milling and appearance quality, cooking quality, starch rapid viscosity analyzer (RVA) profile, and nutritional quality of grains of Yuenongsimiao (YNSM), an indica rice variety with high yield, high quality and disease resistance, were determined. YNSM had excellent appearance and quality, with low amylose contents and high gel consistency, and these characteristics exhibited significant correlations with the RVA profile such as hot paste viscosity, cool paste viscosity, setback viscosity, and consistency. Moreover, 5 genes related to length-to-width ratio (LWR) as well as the Wx gene were used to detect the main quality genotype of YNSM. The results showed that YNSM is a semilong-grain rice with a relatively high brown rice rate, milled rice rate and head rice yield and low chalkiness. The results indicated that the LWR and food quality of YNSM might be related to gs3, gw7 and Wxb. This study also reports the quality characteristics of hybrid rice developed using YNSM as a restorer line. The quality characteristics and the genotype for grain quality determined through gene analysis in YNSM may facilitate the breeding of new rice varieties that achieve a balance of grain yield, resistance and quality.
Ion-beam assisted sputtering of titanium nitride thin films
Authors: Draher Timothy , Polakovic Tomas , Li Juliang , Li Yi , Welp Ulrich , Jiang Jidong Samuel , Pearson John , Armstrong Whitney , Meziani Zein-Eddine , Chang Clarence , Kwok Wai-Kwong , Xiao Zhili , Novosad Valentine 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTitanium nitride is a material of interest for many superconducting devices such as nanowire microwave resonators and photon detectors. Thus, controlling the growth of TiN thin films with desirable properties is of high importance. This work aims to explore effects in ion beam-assisted sputtering (IBAS), were an observed increase in nominal critical temperature and upper critical fields are in tandem with previous work on Niobium nitride (NbN). We grow thin films of titanium nitride by both, the conventional method of DC reactive magnetron sputtering and the IBAS method, to compare their superconducting critical temperatures $$T_{c}$$

T
c

as functions of thickness, sheet resistance, and nitrogen flow rate. We perform electrical and structural characterizations by electric transport and x-ray diffraction measurements. Compared to the conventional method of reactive sputtering, the IBAS technique has demonstrated a 10% increase in nominal critical temperature without noticeable variation in the lattice structure. Additionally, we explore the behavior of superconducting $$T_c$$

T
c

in ultra-thin films. Trends in films grown at high nitrogen concentrations follow predictions of mean-field theory in disordered films and show suppression of superconducting $$T_c$$

T
c

due to geometric effects, while nitride films grown at low nitrogen concentrations strongly deviate from the theoretical models.
Exchange bias effect in polycrystalline Bi0.5Sr0.5Fe0.5Cr0.5O3 bulk
Authors: Li S. Z. , Rahman A. , Ma C. L. , Zhao X. , Sun Z. Y. , Liu M. F. , Wang X. Z. , Xu X. F. , Liu J. M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBulk Bi0.5Sr0.5Fe0.5Cr0.5O3 (BSFCO) is a new compound comprising the R3c structure. The structural, magnetic property and exchange bias (EB) details are investigated. The material was in the super-paramagnetic (SP) state at room temperature. Exchange bias usually occurs at the boundary between different magnetic states after field cooling (HFC) acts on the sample. Here the result shows that changing HFC from 1 to 6 T reduces the HEB value by 16% at 2 K at the same time. Meanwhile, HEB diminishes as the ferromagnetic layer thickness increases. The variation of (the thickness of ferromagnetic layer) tFM with the change of HFC leads to the tuning of HEB by HFC in BSFCO bulk. These effects are obviously different from the phenomenon seen in other oxide types.
Results and lessons learned from the sbv IMPROVER metagenomics diagnostics for inflammatory bowel disease challenge
Authors: Khachatryan Lusine , Xiang Yang , Ivanov Artem , Glaab Enrico , Graham Garrett , Granata Ilaria , Giordano Maurizio , Maddalena Lucia , Piccirillo Marina , Manipur Ichcha , Baruzzo Giacomo , Cappellato Marco , Avot Batiste , Stan Adrian , Battey James , Lo Sasso Giuseppe , Boue Stephanie , Ivanov Nikolai V. , Peitsch Manuel C. , Hoeng Julia , Falquet Laurent , Di Camillo Barbara , Guarracino Mario R. , Ulyantsev Vladimir , Sierro Nicolas , Poussin Carine 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA growing body of evidence links gut microbiota changes with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), raising the potential benefit of exploiting metagenomics data for non-invasive IBD diagnostics. The sbv IMPROVER metagenomics diagnosis for inflammatory bowel disease challenge investigated computational metagenomics methods for discriminating IBD and nonIBD subjects. Participants in this challenge were given independent training and test metagenomics data from IBD and nonIBD subjects, which could be wither either raw read data (sub-challenge 1, SC1) or processed Taxonomy- and Function-based profiles (sub-challenge 2, SC2). A total of 81 anonymized submissions were received between September 2019 and March 2020. Most participants’ predictions performed better than random predictions in classifying IBD versus nonIBD, Ulcerative Colitis (UC) versus nonIBD, and Crohn’s Disease (CD) versus nonIBD. However, discrimination between UC and CD remains challenging, with the classification quality similar to the set of random predictions. We analyzed the class prediction accuracy, the metagenomics features by the teams, and computational methods used. These results will be openly shared with the scientific community to help advance IBD research and illustrate the application of a range of computational methodologies for effective metagenomic classification.
Multicenter retrospective cohort study of the association between surgery for odontoid fractures in the elderly and in-hospital outcomes
Authors: Merali Zamir , Zhang Peng F. , Jaffe Rachael H. , Jaja Blessing N. R. , Harrington Erin M. , Malhotra Armaan K. , Smith Christopher W. , He Yingshi , Balas Michael , Jack Andrew S. , Fehlings Michael G. , Wilson Jefferson R. , Witiw Christopher D. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOdontoid fractures are increasingly prevalent in older adults and associated with high morbidity and mortality. Optimal management remains controversial. Our study aims to investigate the association between surgical management of odontoid fractures and in-hospital mortality in a multi-center geriatric cohort. We identified patients 65 years or older with C2 odontoid fractures from the Trauma Quality Improvement Program database. The primary study outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were in-hospital complications and hospital length of stay. Generalized estimating equation models were used to compare outcomes between operative and non-operative cohorts. Among the 13,218 eligible patients, 1100 (8.3%) were treated surgically. The risk of in-hospital mortality did not differ between surgical and non-surgical groups, after patient and hospital-level adjustment (OR: 0.94, 95%CI: 0.55–1.60). The risks of major complications and immobility-related complications were higher in the operative cohort (adjusted OR: 2.12, 95%CI: 1.53–2.94; and OR: 2.24, 95%CI: 1.38–3.63, respectively). Patients undergoing surgery had extended in-hospital length of stay compared to the non-operative group (9 days, IQR: 6–12 days vs. 4 days, IQR: 3–7 days). These findings were supported by secondary analyses that considered between-center differences in rates of surgery. Among geriatric patients with odontoid fractures surgical management was associated with similar in-hospital mortality, but higher in-hospital complication rates compared to non-operative management. Surgical management of geriatric patients with odontoid fractures requires careful patient selection and consideration of pre-existing comorbidities.
Cocatalyst loaded Al-SrTiO3 cubes for Congo red dye photo-degradation under wide range of light
Authors: Abd Elkodous M. , El-Khawaga Ahmed M. , Abouelela Marwa Mohamed , Abdel Maksoud M. I. A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe continued pollution, waste, and unequal distribution of the limited amount of fresh water on earth are pushing the world into water scarcity crisis. Consequently, development of revolutionary, cost-effective, and efficient techniques for water purification is essential. Herein, molten flux method was used for the preparation of micro-sized Al-doped SrTiO3photocatalyst loaded with RhCr2O3and CoOOH cocatalysts via simple impregnation method for the photo-assisted degradation of Congo red dye under UV and visible irradiation compared with P25 standard photocatalyst. In addition, photoelectrochemical analysis was conducted to reveal the separation and transfer efficiency of the photogenerated e−/h+pairs playing the key role in photocatalysis. SEM and TEM analyses revealed that both P25 and the pristine SrTiO3have spherical shapes, while Al-doped SrTiO3and the sample loaded with cocatalysts have cubic shapes with a relatively higher particle size reaching 145 nm. In addition, the lowest bandgap is due to Al+3ion doping and excessive surface oxygen vacancies, as confirmed by both UV–Vis diffuse-reflectance and XPS analyses. The loading of the cocatalysts resulted in a change in the bandgap from n-type (pristine SrTiO3and Al-SrTiO3) into p-type (cocatalyst loaded sample) as exhibited by Mott–Schottky plots. Besides, the cocatalyst-loaded sample exhibited good performance stability after 5 cycles of the photocatalytic removal of Congo red dye. OH·radical was the primary species responsible for CR degradation as confirmed by experiments with radical scavengers. The observed performance of the prepared samples under both UV and visible light could foster the ongoing efforts towards more efficient photocatalysts for water purification.
Three-dimensional fine structures in deep fascia revealed by combined use of cryo-fixed histochemistry and low-vacuum scanning microscopy
Authors: Imazato Hiroyuki , Takahashi Nobuyasu , Hirakawa Yusuke , Yamaguchi Yoichiro , Hiyoshi Masaru , Tajima Takuya , Chosa Etsuo , Sawaguchi Akira 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRecent physiological studies have shown that the deep fascia has received much attention concerning clinical medicine; however, histological examination of the deep fascia has not been well established. In this study, we aimed to clarify and visualize the structure of the deep fascia by taking advantage of cryofixation techniques and low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy. As a result, the ultrastructural observations revealed three-dimensional stratification of the deep fascia composed of three layers: the first superficial layer consisting of collagen fibers extending in various directions with blood vessels and peripheral nerves; the second intermediate layer formed by single straight and thick collagen fibers with flexibility; and the third deepest layer, consisting of relatively straight and thin collagen fibers. We explored the use of two hooks to hold a piece of deep fascia in place through the course of cryo-fixation. A comparative observation with or without the hook-holding procedure would indicate the morphological adaptation to physiological stretch and contraction of the deep fascia. The present morphological approach paves the way to visualize three-dimensional ultrastructures for future biomedical studies including clinical pathophysiology.
Music-based interventions in the feeding environment on the gut microbiota of mice
Authors: Niu Junyi , Xu Hongli , Zeng Guosheng , Wang Pengpeng , Raciheon Bakint , Nawaz Shah , Zeng Zhibo , Zhao Jiewei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGut microbiota is established to be associated with the diversity of gastrointestinal conditions, but information on the variation associated with music and gut microbes is limited. Current study revealed the impacts of music intervention during feeding on the growth performance and gut microbes of mice by using clinical symptoms and 16S rRNA sequencing techniques. The results showed that feeding mice with music had a significant increase in body weight after the 25th day. The Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the most dominant phylum in the gut microbiota. Also, the relative abundance of the dominant bacteria was variable after musical intervention. In contrast to the control group, a significant decrease in alpha diversity analysis of gut bacterial microorganisms and Metastats analysis showed a significant increase in the relative abundance of 5 genera and one phylum after the music intervention. Moreover, the musical intervention during feeding caused modifications in the gut microbial composition of mice, as evidenced by an increase in the level of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus, while decreases the richness of pathogenic bacteria, e.g. Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria and Muribaculaceae, etc. In summary, music intervention increased body weight and enhanced the abundance of beneficial bacteria by reducing the prevalence of pathogenic bacteria in gut microbiota of mice.
Modeling outcome trajectories in patients with acquired brain injury using a non-linear dynamic evolution approach
Authors: Panunzi Simona , Lucca Lucia Francesca , De Tanti Antonio , Cava Francesca , Romoli Annamaria , Formisano Rita , Scarponi Federico , Estraneo Anna , Frattini Diana , Tonin Paolo , Piergentilli Ilaria , Pioggia Giovanni , De Gaetano Andrea , Cerasa Antonio 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study describes a dynamic non-linear mathematical approach for modeling the course of disease in acquired brain injury (ABI) patients. Data from a multicentric study were used to evaluate the reliability of the Michaelis–Menten (MM) model applied to well-known clinical variables that assess the outcome of ABI patients. The sample consisted of 156 ABI patients admitted to eight neurorehabilitation subacute units and evaluated at baseline (T0), 4 months after the event (T1) and at discharge (T2). The MM model was used to characterize the trend of the first Principal Component Analysis (PCA) dimension (represented by the variables: feeding modality, RLAS, ERBI-A, Tracheostomy, CRS-r and ERBI-B) in order to predict the most plausible outcome, in terms of positive or negative Glasgow outcome score (GOS) at discharge. Exploring the evolution of the PCA dimension 1 over time, after day 86 the MM model better differentiated between the time course for individuals with a positive and negative GOS (accuracy: 85%; sensitivity: 90.6%; specificity: 62.5%). The non-linear dynamic mathematical model can be used to provide more comprehensive trajectories of the clinical evolution of ABI patients during the rehabilitation period. Our model can be used to address patients for interventions designed for a specific outcome trajectory.
Micro-abnormalities in the retina and choroid induced by anti-CTLA4 treatment
Authors: Mukai Ryo , Tajika Yuki , Saito Kazuma , Akiyama Hideo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAnti-Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Associated protein 4 agents, such as ipilimumab, are widely applied to various cancers. However, they cause immune-related adverse effects throughout the body, including the eye. This study examined whether ipilimumab induces retinal and choroidal abnormalities in rodents, and investigated potential underlying mechanisms. Female wild-type mice were injected with ipilimumab three times/week for 5 weeks. The mice underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT) on the first day of the 6th week. Retinal function and morphology were evaluated by light microscopy, immunohistochemistry and electroretinography (ERG). On OCT, the lines indicating the ellipsoid and interdigitation were obscure in treated mice, suggesting outer retina destruction. Haematoxylin–eosin staining revealed destruction, shortening, and outer segment vacuolization. Treated mice exhibited weaker, fragmented rhodamine peanut agglutinin staining in outer photoreceptor structures. The choroid of treated mice showed severe infiltration of CD45-positive cells. In addition, CD8-positive cells invaded into the outer retina. On ERG, rod, maximum responses of combined rods and cones, and cone response wave amplitudes were significantly reduced in treated mice. Ipilimumab may induce impairments in outer photoreceptor architecture accompanied with CD8- positive infiltration in the retina and CD45-positive cell infiltration in the choroid, which may contribute to retinal function deterioration.
The epidemiological features of respiratory tract infection using the multiplex panels detection during COVID-19 pandemic in Shandong province, China
Authors: Zhang Jie , Yang Tao , Zou Mingjin , Wang Lili , Sai Lintao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRespiratory tract infection is one of the most common reasons for both morbidity and mortality worldwide. High attention has been paid to the etiological tracing of respiratory tract infection since the advent of COVID-19. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the epidemiological features of pathogens in respiratory tract infection, especially during COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 7668 patients with respiratory tract infection who admitted to Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from March 2019 to Dec 2021 were retrospectively included. The respiratory tract specimens were detected using a commercial multiplex PCR-based panel assay for common respiratory pathogens including influenza A virus (Flu-A), influenza A virus H1N1 (H1N1), influenza A virus H3N2 (H3N2), influenza B virus (Flu-B), parainfluenza virus (PIV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus (ADV), Boca virus (Boca), human Rhinovirus (HRV), Metapneumovirus (MPV), Coronavirus (COV), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP), and Chlamydia (Ch). The positive rates were compared using a chi-square test. Compared with 2019, the positive rate of pathogen detection during from January 2020 to December 2021 was significantly lower, especially the detection of Flu-A. The positive rate of respiratory pathogen strains was 40.18% during COVID-19 pandemic, and a total of 297 cases (4.69%) of mixed infection with two or more pathogens were detected. There was no statistical difference in the positive rate between male and female patients. However, the positive rates of infection were different among different age groups, with higher incidence of RSV in infancy and toddler group, and MP infection in children and teenager group. While, HRV was the most common pathogen in the adult patients. Moreover, Flu-A and Flu-B were higher in winter, and MP and RSV were higher in spring, autumn and winter. The pathogens such as ADV, BOCA, PIV, and COV were detected without significant seasonal distribution. In conclusion, respiratory pathogen infection rates may vary by age and season, regardless of gender. During the COVID-19 epidemic, blocking transmission routes could help reduce the incidence of respiratory tract infection. The current prevalence of respiratory tract infection pathogens is of great significance for clinical prevention, diagnosis and treatment.
Phase I study of sapanisertib with carboplatin and paclitaxel in mTOR pathway altered solid malignancies
Authors: Alhalabi Omar , Groisberg Roman , Zinner Ralph , Hahn Andrew W. , Naing Aung , Zhang Shizhen , Tsimberidou Apostolia M. , Rodon Jordi , Fu Siqing , Yap Timothy A. , Hong David S. , Sun Ming , Jiang Yunfang , Pant Shubham , Shah Amishi Y. , Zurita Amado , Tannir Nizar M. , Vikram Raghunandan , Roszik Jason , Meric-Bernstam Funda , Subbiah Vivek 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPre-clinically, the mTORC1/2 inhibitor sapanisertib restored sensitivity to platinums and enhanced paclitaxel-induced cancer cell killing. NCT03430882 enrolled patients with mTOR pathway aberrant tumors to receive sapanisertib, carboplatin and paclitaxel. Primary objective was safety and secondary objectives were clinical response and survival. One patient had a dose-limiting toxicity at dose level 4. There were no unanticipated toxicities. Grade 3–4 treatment-related adverse events included anemia (21%), neutropenia (21%), thrombocytopenia (10.5%), and transaminitis (5%). Of 17 patients evaluable for response, 2 and 11 patients achieved partial response and stable disease, respectively. Responders included a patient with unclassified renal cell carcinoma harboring EWSR1-POU5F1 fusion and a patient with castrate resistant prostate cancer harboring PTEN loss. Median progression free survival was 3.84 months. Sapanisertib in combination with carboplatin plus paclitaxel demonstrated a manageable safety profile, with preliminary antitumor activity observed in advanced malignancies harboring mTOR pathway alterations.