bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep anoxic aquifers could act as sinks for uranium through microbial-assisted mineral trapping
Authors: Pidchenko Ivan N. , Christensen John N. , Kutzschbach Martin , Ignatyev Konstantin , Puigdomenech Ignasi , Tullborg Eva-Lena , Roberts Nick M. W. , Rasbury E. Troy , Northrup Paul , Tappero Ryan , Kvashnina Kristina O. , Schäfer Thorsten , Suzuki Yohey , Drake Henrik 
Published: April 2023

AbstractUptake of uranium (U) by secondary minerals, such as carbonates and iron (Fe)-sulfides, that occur ubiquitously on Earth, may be substantial in deep anoxic environments compared to surficial settings due to different environment-specific conditions. Yet, knowledge of U reductive removal pathways and related fractionation between 238U and 235U isotopes in deep anoxic groundwater systems remain elusive. Here we show bacteria-driven degradation of organic constituents that influences formation of sulfidic species facilitating reduction of geochemically mobile U(VI) with subsequent trapping of U(IV) by calcite and Fe-sulfides. The isotopic signatures recorded for U and Ca in fracture water and calcite samples provide additional insights on U(VI) reduction behaviour and calcite growth rate. The removal efficiency of U from groundwater reaching 75% in borehole sections in fractured granite, and selective U accumulation in secondary minerals in exceedingly U-deficient groundwater shows the potential of these widespread mineralogical sinks for U in deep anoxic environments.
Multidimensional economic complexity and inclusive green growth
Authors: Stojkoski Viktor , Koch Philipp , Hidalgo César A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo achieve inclusive green growth, countries need to consider a multiplicity of economic, social, and environmental factors. These are often captured by metrics of economic complexity derived from the geography of trade, thus missing key information on innovative activities. To bridge this gap, we combine trade data with data on patent applications and research publications to build models that significantly and robustly improve the ability of economic complexity metrics to explain international variations in inclusive green growth. We show that measures of complexity built on trade and patent data combine to explain future economic growth and income inequality and that countries that score high in all three metrics tend to exhibit lower emission intensities. These findings illustrate how the geography of trade, technology, and research combine to explain inclusive green growth.
Discrete‐time modelling methodology of networked control systems under packet delay and dropout
Authors: Mohajeri Kamran , Madadi Ali , Tavassoli Babak , Rahiman Wan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractModels and control techniques for networked control systems (NCSs) can be divided into continuous‐time and discrete‐time types. Unlike the continuous‐time analysis, literature on discrete‐time analysis and control of NCSs under packet delay and dropout shows a variety of different models. However, a systematic study of these models is absent in the literature. This article is a methodology for these models. Different factors involved in making this variety are discussed. The models are described and it is shown how they are different or related to each other. The models are from the existing literature. However, to complete the methodology some of the models are introduced by the authors. Furthermore, the concept of sequence matrix is introduced which helps to differentiate some models and should be considered when NCS is analysed as a switched linear system. This methodology can be used as a basis for selecting the suitable model in analysis and design of NCSs. Denial of service (DoS) attack and time delay switch (TDS) attack can be considered as packet dropout and packet delay respectively. Thus, this methodology can also be used in analysis and design of NCS under these cyber‐physical attacks.
Moderate to Vigorous-intensity Continuous Training versus Highintensity
Interval Training for Improving VO2max in Women: A
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Lindner Robert , Raj Isaac Selva , Yang Angela Wei Hong , Zaman Shadman , Larsen Brianna , Denham Joshua 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTraditional continuous training and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) can
increase maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max). However, there is
conflicting evidence regarding which form of training demonstrates the greatest
improvements to V̇O2max, and data in women is sparse. We
conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses to assess whether moderate to
vigorous-intensity continuous training (MVICT) or HIIT was superior at improving
V̇O2max in women. Randomised controlled and parallel
studies examined the influence of MVICT and/or HIIT on
V̇O2max in women. There was no statistical difference in
V̇O2max improvements after training between women in the
MVICT and HIIT cohorts (mean difference [MD]: −0.42, 95%CI:
−1.43 to 0.60, p>0.05). Both MVICT and HIIT increased
V̇O2max from baseline (MD: 3.20, 95% CI: 2.73 to
3.67 and MD: 3.16, 95% CI 2.09 to 4.24, respectively, p<0.001).
Greater improvements in V̇O2max were observed in women who
participated in more training sessions in both training formats. Long-HIIT was
superior to short-HIIT protocols at increasing V̇O2max.
Although MVICT and long-HIIT sessions elicited greater increases in
V̇O2max in younger women compared to short-HIIT
protocols, these differences were negligible in older women. Our findings
suggest MVICT and HIIT are equally effective strategies for improving
V̇O2max and indicate an effect of age on its response to
training in women.
Teledentistry: An Appraisal of Google Play Store Applications
Authors: Mujtaba Hasan , Umer Muhammad Farooq , Afroze Eman , Chaudhary Farooq Ahmad , Zofeen Shumaila , Farid Awais 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objectives M-health technology facilitates and equips us with the required medical-related information and knowledge. This research work aims to provide an overview of m-health apps related to dentistry on the Google Play Store.
Materials and Methods This widely used official smartphone platform was screened for the most widely available apps by putting the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and keywords “teledentistry, dentistry, and dental” and the resultant apps were evaluated for the number of downloads, ratings, release date, and number of reviews.
Results The apps were categorized depending upon their applicability into different subgroups, which include patient education apps, dentist appointment apps, kid's apps, undergraduate apps, graduates and general dentist apps, postgraduate dentist apps, commercial and social networking apps, and other miscellaneous apps. The engagement of the users was evaluated in all the categories and the applicability of apps in respective categories was evaluated. The study concluded that despite plentiful apps in each category, the engagement of individuals with the m-health apps related to dentistry is relatively low. However, few creative apps in each category showed bright prospects for productivity and engagement.
Conclusion Centralization and appropriately supervised apps with quality information by some official health care platforms can enhance the effectiveness and prepare this platform for the future of dentistry in the world of semantic web and blockchain.
The Gray Zone: LR3, LR-M, and LR-TIV
Authors: Ganesan Karthik , Jalkote Shivsamb , Nellore Swarup 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe goal of Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) is to standardize the lexicon, imaging techniques, interpretation, and reporting of observations in patients with a potential risk for developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and, consequently, improve communication between radiologists and physicians. LI-RADS diagnostic algorithms are applied to a population “at risk,” follow a stepwise algorithmic approach which categorize and stratify individual observations as HCC, and also assess the likelihood of non-HCC malignancies and tumor in vein. Risk factors for developing HCC have geographical variations, which significantly impact diagnostic and management strategies; however, these variations are not considered in the LIRADS v2018 version. Further, the diagnostic algorithm includes several major and ancillary features, and, tie-breaking rules, which result in numerous probable combinations by which a plausible observation could be assigned a particular category, inherently increasing its complexity. Heterogeneity of the diagnostic algorithm results in certain imaging pitfalls and poses challenges in the precise characterization of observations, complicating its use in routine clinical practice. This article reviews the gray zones which may be encountered in the evaluation of LR-3, LR-M, and LR-TIV observations during routine clinical imaging with contrast-enhanced computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.
Alterations in Sleep Cycle among Nonhospitalized COVID-19-Affected Population during the Pandemic in Karnataka State—A Web-Based Study
Authors: Ramesh Amitha , Meghana Ivaturi Sri Sai , Bhandary Rahul , Shetty Mamatha , Shetty Smitha 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objectives The psychological and physiological distress and social isolation could adversely affect sleep. As sleep disturbances may persist and deteriorate health, it is important to assess prevalence and related factors of sleep disturbances among the residents of Karnataka state during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection.
Methods In this study, 250 responders across the state of Karnataka accessed the survey voluntarily during September 2021 and January 2022. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Insomnia Severity Index scales, features that are related to sleep quality, and some hypothesized risk factors of sleep disturbances in context of COVID-19 infection are employed to format a self-reported questionnaire.
Results In this study, females 27(19.1%) experienced more sleep disturbances than males 9 (8.3%). The study revealed the participants who received both the doses of vaccination (126; 54.3%) had better sleep. The participants who reported themselves to be stressed (182; 72.8%) had more disturbances in sleep. A total number of 45 participants (18.4%) experienced difficulty in breathing and out of all the responders 11 (47.8%) were actually worried about their current sleep problem.
Conclusion COVID-19 infection and changes imposed during the pandemic have led to a surge in individuals reporting sleep problems across the globe. The findings raise the need to screen for worsening sleep patterns to create more awareness about the secondary consequences of COVID-19 infection.
Double Pseudoaneurysm of the Superficial Palmar Arch: A Unique Case
Authors: Munoli Amarnath , Tiwari Pranita , Ashwini Topugonda , Gajbhare Abhijeet 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe present the case of a 22-year-old male patient who developed “double” pseudoaneurysm of the superficial palmar arch of the left hand after trivial trauma with a kitchen knife. Following an unsuccessful embolization attempt, surgical excision of the pseudoaneurysm was performed during which the pseudoaneurysm was found to arise from the anterior wall of the palmar arch. Intraoperatively, a second pseudoaneurysm arising from the deeper surface of the superficial palmar arch was found and excised. This is probably the only reported case of double pseudoaneurysm of the palmar arch in literature. The possible mechanism of arterial injury, diagnosis, and management is discussed.
The Effect of Correlation of Laboratory-Developed Test and Initial Symptoms and False Negatives in RT-PCR Strategies for COVID-19 Patients with Beta Variants
Authors: Ghasemi Shohreh , Nadji Seyed Alireza , Dashti Mahmood , Karimi-Galougahi Mahboobeh , Raygani Negar , Nabi Mahla , Mohammadi Ghazal , Kandez Niyoosha , Ebrahimi Amirali , Askari Elaheh 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays detect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The number of viruses in the sample varies between patients; it depends on sample location, nasal or throat, and with time infection spreads. Previous studies showed that the viral load of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is the peak just before symptoms onset. Furthermore, positive and negative results depend on test site, sampling, and timing method; RT-PCR can be 1 to 30% false-negative result.
Materials and Methods Within this study, we took RT-PCR test from COVID-19 positive patients who already had the confirmation of the disease either by lung computed tomography (CT)-scan or the symptoms such as dyspnea. The study was explained to all the patients, and they confirmed to take the RT-PCR test. Negative samples from those patients were retested, and if the result came back negative, we included them as negative in the result.
Result A total number of 49 patients (25 females) and (24 males) with a mean age of 53.24 years (ranging from 32 to 77) were enrolled. About 32.3% of patients, despite having COVID-19 disease, had a negative RT-PCR test. There is a positive and significant relationship between weight (r = 0.253) and CT at the time of hospitalization of COVID-19 patients and a negative and significant relationship with O2 saturation without oxygen therapy (r =  − 0.296), the model can predict 67.7% of the disease due to the beta value, and the share of O2 saturation without oxygen therapy is more than weight.
Conclusion We show that a pragmatic model can be designed to predict which patients have a higher chance of getting false-negative result, and should be retested for COVID-19. Among the variables, weight had a negative and significant relationship, and O2 saturation without respiratory support had a negative and significant relationship with COVID-19 disease.
Adaptation of Relined Fiber Post Using Discontinuous Short Fiber-Reinforced Resin Composite to Restore Weakened Endodontically-Treated Premolars
Authors: Alshetiwi Dawood Salman Dawood , Muttlib Nor Aidaniza Abdul , El-Damanhoury Hatem M. , Alawi Rabihah , Rahman Normastura Abd , Elsahn Nesrine Aly 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the effect of relining prefabricated fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) posts using bulk-fill, flowable, discontinuous short fiber-reinforced composite (SFRC) on intracanal adaptation in weakened endodontically-treated premolar teeth.
Materials and Methods Forty extracted human premolar teeth were selected and randomly allocated to five groups (n = 8) according to the canal preparation method and restorative technique after endodontic treatment: Group 1 (control): nonflared, closed apex root canals; group 2, 4: flared, open-apex root canals; group 3, 5: flared, closed apex root canals. Groups 1 to 3 were restored with standard RelyX fiber post size #1, while groups 4 and 5 were restored with customized RelyX fiber post size #1 and relined with bulk-fill flowable SFRC (everX Flow, GC, Tokyo, Japan). To evaluate intracanal adaptation, the empty root of each sample with the corresponding fiber post (standard or customized) inserted was measured twice using a micro-digital scale and the average value was calculated. The post was then removed, followed by the insertion of a light body polyvinyl siloxane (PVS) impression material into the canal, followed by reinsertion of the post and removal of excess material once the PVS was set. Finally, the sample weight was recorded, and the data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and the Bonferroni post hoc test (p-value = 0.05).
Results A statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) in PVS material weight was identified between the groups. Group 1 (control) had the lightest weight of PVS material, followed by groups restored with customized fiber posts (groups 4 and 5) and standard fiber posts (groups 2 and 3).
Conclusion Anatomically-customized fiber posts with bulk-fill flowable SFRC provided better intracanal adaptation compared with standard fiber posts in teeth with compromised root canals.
Defoliation management and nitrogen fertiliser rate affect canopy structural traits of grazed guineagrass (Megathyrsus maximus) cv. Zuri under rotational stocking
Authors: Goulart de Almeida Otávio , Pedreira Carlos Guilherme Silveira , de Assis Juliana Aparecida , Pedreira Bruno Carneiro , Gomes Fagner Júnior , Nave Renata La Guardia 
Published: April 2023

Context Defoliation management by grazing or clipping, combined with nitrogen (N) fertilisation, can increase forage production in tropical grasses. Use of pasture canopy height as a practical tool for monitoring forage mass and accumulation has been proposed because of the relationship between height and canopy light interception. However, this relationship can vary due to variations in canopy structural changes and N supply. Aims Our objectives were to study canopy structural responses and forage accumulation of grazed Zuri guineagrass (Megathyrsus maximus) under rotational stocking. Methods Combinations of two pre-graze canopy heights (55 and 75 cm) and two N fertilisation rates (150 and 300 kg N ha−1 year−1) were used during two consecutive years. Cattle grazed the pastures to 50% of pre-graze height. Key results Regardless of N rate, pastures managed at 75 cm always reached 95% light interception at pre-graze. The 55 cm/300 kg N pastures underwent structural changes such as greater leaf proportion, tiller population density and specific leaf area, and smaller mean foliage angle, which resulted in 95% light interception at pre-graze. Forage accumulation was 20% greater for 75 cm pastures (22 120 kg DM ha−1 year−1) than 55 cm pastures. Pastures receiving 300 kg N ha−1 year−1 had 38% greater forage accumulation than those receiving 150 kg N ha−1 year−1. Conclusion Zuri guineagrass pastures should be defoliated when canopy height reaches 75 cm owing to greater forage accumulation, but can be grazed at 55 cm when N is applied at 300 kg ha−1 year−1. Implications Zuri guineagrass can be managed with shorter pre-graze canopy height; when grazed at 55 cm and with 300 kg N ha−1 year−1, there is no negative effect on forage accumulation, allowing for shorter rest periods.
L’arabe algérien parmi les pères blancs
Authors: Moscoso García Francisco 
Published: April 2023

RésuméLe cardinal Lavigérie (1825–1892) avait coutume d’exhorter les membres de la Société des Missionnaires d’Afrique, connus sous le nom de “Pères Blancs”, à étudier les langues des populations locales. L’étude et la publication d’ouvrages en arabe algérien par les Pères Blancs peuvent être divisées en deux périodes: de 1868 à 1940 et de 1940 aux années 1980. Dans la première période, les traductions de la doctrine chrétienne en arabe algérien moderne jouaient un rôle central, bien que certains textes ethnographiques aient également été publiés en arabe algérien. Durant la deuxième période, la majorité des publications était constituée de textes ethnographiques ainsi que de manuels d’apprentissage de l’arabe algérien.
Africa’s unequal balance
Authors: Diab Osama 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARY
Using flows of biophysical resources between countries, new research has defied conventional methods of analysing trade in terms of cash flows. Labelled ‘ecologically unequal exchange’, this research quantifies net resource transfers from global South to global North countries. This article explores the unequal exchange implications for Africa as a primary exporter of physical resources, and hence one of the biggest losers from ecologically unequal exchange. As well as ecologically unequal exchange, the article employs the Prebisch–Singer hypothesis and the Growing Smile model to argue against export-oriented industrialisation models of development, and for the political restructuring of the uneven global value regime.
A general method for extracting the amplitude spectrum of the seismic wavelet from the seismic traces
Authors: Zhao Haoqi , Gao Jinghuai , Jia Junxiong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
When solving geophysical problems using reflection seismology, extracting the amplitude spectrum of the seismic wavelet (ASSW) from a seismic trace is the basis for many downstream works, such as deconvolution and sparse reflection coefficient inversion. This paper pertains to statistical methods for estimating ASSW, that is, separating the scattering effect of the formation from the amplitude spectrum of a seismic trace to obtain a band-limited ASSW. Common methods assume the reflection coefficient sequence (RCS) is white, making them unsatisfactory in many cases. Gao et al (2017 Inverse Problems
33 085005) proposed an ASSW extraction method based on contraction operator mapping (COM method) and experimentally proved it effective for non-white RCSs. However, this method is only valid for unimodal ASSW, which makes it unsuitable for most sources. We propose a general method for estimating ASSW which does not require the whiteness assumption of the RCS and does not restrict the specific form of ASSW. We show that the COM method has function representation limitations and redefines a new operator, proving that it is also a contractive mapping. Our method can be regarded as a general form of the COM method, filling the theoretical gap that existing methods cannot be applied to non-white RCS and non-unimodal ASSW. It provides a general method for the estimation of ASSW. We thoroughly verify this generality by simulating different source types while considering wavelet attenuation. Compared with the COM method, the proposed method has absolute advantages.
Identification of the monolayer thickness difference in a mechanically exfoliated thick flake of hexagonal boron nitride and graphite for van der Waals heterostructures
Authors: Hattori Yoshiaki , Taniguchi Takashi , Watanabe Kenji , Kitamura Masatoshi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Exfoliated flakes of layered materials, such as hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) and graphite with a thickness of several tens of nanometers, are used to construct van der Waals heterostructures. A flake with a desirable thickness, size, and shape is often selected from many exfoliated flakes placed randomly on a substrate using an optical microscope. This study examined the visualization of thick hBN and graphite flakes on SiO2/Si substrates through calculations and experiments. In particular, the study analyzed areas with different atomic layer thicknesses in a flake. For visualization, the SiO2 thickness was optimized based on the calculation. As an experimental result, the area with different thicknesses in a hBN flake showed different brightness in the image obtained using an optical microscope with a narrow band-pass filter. The maximum contrast was 12% with respect to the difference of monolayer thickness. In addition, hBN and graphite flakes were observed by differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy. In the observation, the area with different thicknesses exhibited different brightnesses and colors. Adjusting the DIC bias had a similar effect to selecting a wavelength using a narrow band-pass filter.