bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Low-cost, Electricity-free, CPAP (OXYJET) with High-Flow Nasal Cannula Treatment outside Critical Care: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Hasan Taufiq , Ahmed Md. Kawsar , Alman Kaisar Ahmed , Rashid Meemnur , Muhib Farhan , Rahman Saeedur , Noor Nawsabah , Islam Md. Khairul , Chowdhury Forhad Uddin Hasan , Sharif Md. Mohiuddin , Ratul Rifat Hossain , Jahan Sohana , Miah Md. Titu , Amin Robed , Labrique Alain Bernard , Khan Yasser 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: In Low- and Middle-income Countries (LMICs), the general wards typically are limited to providing low-flow oxygen therapy (up to 15L/min). However, high-flow treatment, such as noninvasive ventilation (NIV) administered in pre-ICU settings, has effectively reduced intensive care unit (ICU) admissions. Here, we describe a low-cost, electricity-free, pressure-driven, and 3D-printed continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device (‘OxyJet’) which can provide noninvasive ventilation support in the general wards. This study assesses whether the developed CPAP device can be alternative to a High-Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC) device for supporting hypoxemic patient outside critical care.
Methods: We performed an open-label, parallel-assignment, randomized controlled trial in 45 severely hypoxemic patients, between April 17 to July 9, 2021 (NCT04681859). The primary outcome was ventilator-free days at day 10 (VFD10). We compared changes from baseline in peripheral oxygen saturation, heart rate, respiratory rate, mortality hazard-ratio, death/intubation in 10 days, patient recovery, adverse events and oxygen consumption of the two treatment groups.
Results: The trial results showed that the patients in CPAP group had a mean difference in the ventilator-free days at day 10 (VFD10) of 2.75 (95% CI -0.17—5.68; p=0.003). The mortality of the patients in CPAP group showed a low hazard-ratio (HR) of 0.65 (95% CI 0.31—1.37; p=0.041). The death/intubation in 10 days of the patients in CPAP group showed a low relative-risk (RR) of 0.52 (95% CI 0.25—1.05; p=0.033). Finally, the device consumed significantly less oxygen than HFNC, with a median difference of -16.11 L/min (95% CI -24.63 — -6.67; p=0.001).
Conclusions: The study proposes a potential solution to address the lack of noninvasive ventilation support in wards or resource-limited settings hospitals.
COVID-19 control measures unexpectedly increased the duration of stay at High Speed Rail stations during the first community outbreak in Taiwan
Authors: Chang Ning , Tsai Yi-chen , Chen Wei J. , Lo Chung-Chuan , Chang Hsiao-Han 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, Taiwan has implemented strict border controls and community spread prevention measures. As part of these efforts, the government also implemented measures for public transportation. In this study, we examined the impact of these measures on the number of passengers and duration of stay in two major public transportation systems: Taiwan Railways (TR) and Taiwan High Speed Rail (THSR) during the community outbreak from April 29th to May 29th, 2021. Using data from Google’s Community Mobility Reports and a local telecommunications company, we found that while the number of passengers decreased as expected, the duration of stay at THSR stations unexpectedly increased after the cancellation of non-reserved seats. Our analysis demonstrates the value of human mobility data as a reference for policy makers to monitor the impact of disease prevention measures and make data-driven decisions.
Somatic mutations in myeloid transcription factors and in activated signaling genes predict the risk of treatment failure and progression to advanced phase in chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Kim Dennis Dong Huan , Perusini Maria Agustina , Zackova Daniela , Kim TaeHyung , Pagnano Katia , Pavlovsky Carolina , Jeziskova Ivana , Kvetková Anežka , Jurcek Tomas , Kim Jaeyoon , Yoo Youngseok , Yi Seongyoon , Lee Hyewon , Kim Kyoung Ha , Chang Myung Hee , Capo-Chichi Jose-Mario , Medeiros Jessie , Arruda Andrea , Minden Mark , Zhang Zhaolei , Abelson Sagi , Mayer Jiri 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Advancements in genomics are transforming the clinical management of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) towards precision medicine. The impact of epigenetic modifier gene mutations on treatment outcomes is still under debate. Here we studied the association of somatic mutations in the genes of epigenetic modifiers and activated signaling/myeloid transcription factor (AS/MTF), with disease progression and treatment failure in CML patients following tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy.
Patients and Methods:
A total of 394 CML patient samples were sequenced, including 254 samples collected at initial diagnosis, and 140 samples taken during follow-up. Single molecule molecular inversion probe (smMIP)-based next generation sequencing (NGS) was conducted targeting recurrently mutated loci in 40 genes with a limit of detection of 0.2%.
Results
A total of 70 mutations were detected in 57 (22.4%) diagnostic samples, while 64 mutations were detected in 39 (27.9%) of the follow-up samples. Carrying any mutation at initial diagnosis was associated with worse outcomes following TKI therapy, particularly in AS/MTF genes. Patients having these mutations at initial diagnosis and treated with Imatinib showed higher risks of treatment failure (HR 2.53, 95% CI [1.13–5.66], p = 0.0239). The adverse prognostic impact of the mutations was abrogated when treated with second generation TKIs (2G-TKI). The multivariate analysis confirmed that mutation in AS/MF genes is an independent adverse prognostic factor for molecular response, failure-free survival (FFS), and progression risk.
Conclusion
Mutations in the AS/MTF genes using smMIP-based NGS can help identify patients with a potential risk of both treatment failure and progression, even from initial diagnosis, and may help upfront TKI selection.
The impact of providing care for physical health in severe mental illness on informal carers: a qualitative study.
Authors: Sud Dolly , Bradley Eleanor , Tritter Jonathan , Maidment Ian 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
People with severe mental illness (SMI) e.g., schizophrenia are at a substantially higher risk of premature death, in that they die 10–20 years earlier than the general population. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes are the main potentially avoidable contributors to early death.
Aims
To explore the impacts of providing care for physical health in severe mental illness on informal carers.
Method
Thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with eight informal carers of people with SMI in the UK national health services.
Results
Informal carers played an active part in the management of the patient’s conditions and shared their illness experience. Carers provided both emotional and practical involvement and informal carers’ own lives were affected in ways that were sometimes deeply profound. Informal carers were involved in both ‘looking after’ the patient from the perspective of doing practical tasks such as collecting dispensed medication from a community pharmacy (caring for) and managing feelings and emotions (caring about).
Conclusions
Caring for the physical health of someone with SMI can be understood as having two dimensions - 'caring for' and 'caring about'. There is a bidirectional relationship between these two dimensions, and both have a cost for the informal carer. With appropriate support informal carers could be more actively involved at all stages of care with an awareness that carers may minimise the information they share about their own needs and impacts of their role to spare the person they care and themselves any distress.
Aspirin is as effective as low molecular weight heparins in preventing symptomatic venous thromboembolism following arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Yazdi Hamidreza , Eslami Arvin , Torkaman Ali , Elahifar Omid , Kasaeian Amir , Alimoghadam Shaya , Alimoghadam Rojina , Abolghasemian Mansour 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
Little evidence exists on the optimal agent for thromboprophylaxis following arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of aspirin and low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) to prevent symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE) following arthroscopic ACLR and their safety of use.
Methods
In this retrospective study, we investigated patients who underwent ACLR surgery between March 2016 and March 2021 based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The rate of venous thromboembolism events and wound complications were statistically compared between the patients that received an LMWH and those who took aspirin for thromboprophylaxis. We also used logistic regression modeling to assess the effect of the prophylactic agent on the likelihood of developing VTE.
Result
761 patients (761 knees) were included. 458 and 303 patients had received aspirin and LMWH, respectively. There was no significant difference in the demographic factors of the two groups. Five patients in the aspirin group (1.09%) and five patients in the LMWHs group (1.65%) developed a symptomatic VTE event (P value = 0.530). The two groups were not significantly different in terms of other complications, such as hemarthrosis or surgical site infection (P > 0.05).
Conclusion
Aspirin is as effective as LMWH in preventing VTE events after ACL reconstruction. Prospective studies including a no-prophylaxis group are warranted to assess this issue further.
Level of Evidence: III
Evaluation of Oral Health Status in the Population above 50: Evidence from the Ardakan Cohort Study on Aging (ACSA)
Authors: Delbari Ahmad , Ghavidel Fatemeh , Rashedi Vahid , Bidkhori Mohammad , Saatchi Mohammad , Hooshmand Elham 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The global population is undergoing rapid aging, and older individuals are more susceptible to various health issues, including oral health problems. Despite the increasing attention given to healthy aging, oral health has often been overlooked in discussions related to health problems. This study aims to assess the oral health status of middle-aged and older adults in Iran.
Methods
This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 4970 men and women aged 50 years and above, who participated in the Ardakan Cohort Study on Aging (ACSA) between 2020 and 2022. Trained personnel administered a questionnaire and conducted oral health examinations to determine the oral health status and oral hygiene behaviors of the participants.
Results
The mean value (SD) of the total Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index was 21.3 (10.7). Approximately 46% of all participants were completely edentulous (without natural teeth). Moreover, 58.5% of the total sample wore dentures, and the mean age (SD) when they started using dentures was 48.5 (20.7) years. About 75% of participants with natural teeth reported brushing their teeth at least once a day, while about 63% of denture wearers cleaned their dentures daily. In the sample, 28% of individuals had visited a dentist in the last year. The prevalence of difficulty in biting and chewing food among the participants was 48.23% and 44.65%, respectively. Additionally, nearly 68% of all samples reported experiencing at least one difficulty in daily functioning due to oral/dental conditions. The study identified cutoff points of seven (Sen = 52.53 and Spe = 80.89) and 10 (Sen = 65.52 and Spe = 75.57) missing teeth, indicating the presence of at least one problem in daily functioning due to oral and dental conditions in middle-aged and older adults.
Conclusion
The study reveals a high prevalence of edentulism and denture use among participants aged 50 years and above. The majority of samples reported difficulties in daily functioning due to oral and dental conditions, especially in biting and chewing food. These findings highlight the importance of proactive measures to address oral health issues in middle-aged and older adults, thereby enhancing their overall health and well-being.
Exploring the Anticorrosive Capabilities of new hybrid epoxy/Br: A Comprehensive Study
Authors: El-Aouni Naoual , Dagdag Omar , Amri Abed slam , Kim Hansang , Dkhireche Nadi , Elbachiri Abderrahim , Berdimurodov Elyor , Berisha Avni , Rafik Mohamed 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Corrosion inhibition of carbon steel structures in acidic environments is imperative across various sectors. This study investigated a novel epoxy resin, bisphenol A tetrabromo dipropoxy dianiline tetraglycidyl ether (TGEDADPTBBA), as an new hybrid epoxy/Br inhibitor for E24 carbon steel corrosion in 1.0 M hydrochloric acid using multi-pronged experimental and theoretical methods. Potentiodynamic polarization revealed TGEDADPTBBA acted as a mixed-type inhibitor, achieving 95–97% inhibition efficiency at 10− 3 M. EIS showed TGEDADPTBBA suppressed charge transfer resistance, implying decreased corrosion rate. EFM provided additional evidence of inhibition via reduced corrosion current density, diffusion impedance, and corrosion rate. TGEDADPTBBA's adsorption on steel followed the Langmuir isotherm, indicating a maximum monolayer. SEM/EDS showed TGEDADPTBBA formed a protective film inhibiting elemental dissolution. Quantum chemical calculations and molecular dynamics simulations were synergized to gain molecular-level insight. Electron density mapping revealed TGEDADPTBBA's heteroatoms served as adsorption sites. Dynamics revealed bioinspired intermolecular chemical and Van der Waals interactions facilitated stable layer formation. Energetically, TGEDADPTBBA adsorption was favorable. Collectively, this multi-pronged study employing polymer science, surface science, and computational chemistry demonstrated TGEDADPTBBA's broad applicability as a corrosion inhibitor for E24 carbon steel infrastructure. In particular, TGEDADPTBBA's synergistic performance in inhibiting charge transfer, diffusion, and film formation positions it as a green and cost-effective alternative to toxic chromates.
Robotics in Bariatric Surgery: Benefits, Limitations, and Challenges; An Umbrella Review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses
Authors: Bassiony Mahmoud , Ramadan Alaa , Anwar Almoatazbellah , Said AbdulRahman , Sedik Ragab 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: In order to improve the results of weight loss surgeries, robotics in bariatric surgery is a quickly developing method that combines the accuracy and dexterity of robotic technology with the knowledge of surgeons. Surgeons may carry out difficult bariatric procedures with greater accuracy, less invasiveness, and better visualization when using robotic equipment. This review aims to provide wide evidence regarding the benefits, limitations, and challenges of robotics in bariatric surgery.
Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases, namely PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central, in order to identify all relevant systematic reviews and meta-analyses from the inception of these databases until July 15, 2023. The quality assessment of the included studies was performed using the AMSTAR2 tool, and the data analysis was conducted using STATA version 17.
Results: A total of 11 studies, of which 8 were eligible for the analysis. Our findings demonstrated a notable reduction in the occurrence of postoperative complications (OR: 0.88, 95% CI [0.66 to 1.10], P=0.00) as well as a decrease in the occurrence of anastomotic leaks (OR: 0.82, 95% CI [0.55 to 1.10], P=0.00) among patients who underwent robotic bariatric surgery (RBS) in comparison to those who received laparoscopic bariatric surgery (LBS).
Conclusion: robotic bariatric surgery may be a promising technique to decrease most postoperative outcomes compared to the traditional technique. However, further research is needed to fully understand the long-term benefits and cost-effectiveness of this technology.
Therapeutic Effect of Knee Extension Exercise with Single-Joint Hybrid Assistive Limb Following Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Maeda Takaya , Sasaki Eiji , Kasai Takayuki , Igarashi Shigesato , Wakai Yuji , Sasaki Tomoyuki , Tsuda Eiichi , Ishibashi Yasuyuki 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The single-joint hybrid assistive limb (HAL-SJ), an exoskeletal robotic suit, offers functional improvement. In this prospective randomized controlled trial, we investigated the therapeutic effects of knee extension exercises using the HAL-SJ after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Seventy-six patients with knee osteoarthritis were randomly assigned to HAL-SJ or conventional physical therapy (CPT) groups. The HAL-SJ group underwent exercise using the HAL-SJ for 10 days postoperatively, in addition to CPT; the CPT group underwent only CPT. Pain intensity and active and passive knee extension angles were evaluated preoperatively and on postoperative days 1–10 and weeks 2 and 4. Performance tests and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Scores (KOOS) were evaluated preoperatively and at postoperative weeks 2 and 4. Statistical analysis showed that the HAL-SJ group significantly reduced pain intensity and improved active and passive knee extension angles compared with the CPT group. The HAL-SJ group showed immediate improvement in knee extension angle through day 5. There were no significant differences in results between the performance tests and KOOS. Knee extension exercises with the HAL-SJ improved knee pain and the angle of extension in the acute phase after TKA.
Study and optimization of the UV/H2O2 process to treat contaminated wastewater coming from a pesticide formulation plant
Authors: Lescano Maia Raquel , Fussoni Nerina Belén , Vidal Eduardo Gabriel , Zalazar Cristina Susana 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

In the present work, the UV/H2O2 process was applied to evaluate the degradation of an industrial wastewater coming from a pesticide formulation plant. Commercial pesticides were added to reach an approximate initial value of Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Carbon Oxygen Demand (COD) of 70 and 160 mg L− 1 respectively. Five pesticides were evaluated: atrazine, prometryn, imidacloprid, glyphosate and carbendazim. pH and R (ratio between initial H2O2 and initial TOC concentrations in mM) were varied in three levels: 3, 5.5, 8 and 2, 5, 8 respectively. TOC was measured as the response. The process was optimized employing the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The obtained optimal conditions were: pH = 6.05 and R = 4.66 rendering a predicted TOC conversion of 74.70%. The experimental run under these conditions led to a TOC conversion of 78%. Glyphosate, atrazine and imidacloprid were completely removed while carbendazim was removed around 90% and prometryn at about 80%. Also, a significant decrease in COD was observed (around 82%) and the phytotoxicity assay showed that, at the end of the treatment, the sample was not phytotoxic. It can be concluded that the process can be satisfactorily modeled and optimized being efficient to treat this kind of wastewater.
FFA-GPT: an Interactive Visual Question Answering System for Fundus Fluorescein Angiography
Authors: Shi Danli , Chen Xiaolan , Zhang Weiyi , Xu Pusheng , Zhao Ziwei , Zheng Yingfeng , He Mingguang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background: While large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in question-answering (QA) tasks, their utilization in analyzing ocular imaging data remains limited. We aim to develop an interactive system that harnesses LLMs for report generation and visual question answering in the context of fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA).Methods: Our system comprises two components: an image-text alignment module for report generation and a GPT-based module (Llama 2) for interactive QA. To comprehensively assess the system's performance, we conducted both automatic and manual evaluations. The automatic evaluation encompassed language-based metrics (BLEU, CIDEr, ROUGE, SPICE) and classification-based metrics (accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, F1-score). Additionally, three ophthalmologists participated in a manual assessment, evaluating the completeness and correctness of generated reports, as well as accuracy, completeness, and potential harm of generated answers.Results: Model development leveraged a dataset of 654,343 FFA images from 9,392 participants. In the automatic evaluation of generated reports, our system demonstrated satisfactory performance, yielding scores of BLEU1 = 0.48, BLEU2 = 0.42, BLEU3 = 0.38, BLEU4 = 0.34, CIDEr = 0.33, ROUGE = 0.36, and SPICE = 0.18. Notably, the top five conditions exhibited strong specificity (≥ 0.94) and accuracy (ranging from 0.88 to 0.91), with F1-scores spanning from 0.66 to 0.82. The manual assessment revealed that the generated reports were on par with the ground truth reports, with 68.3% achieving high accuracy and 62.3% achieving high completeness. In the manual QA evaluation, the consensus among the three ophthalmologists was that the majority of answers were characterized by high accuracy, completeness, and safety (70.7% as error-free, 84.0% as complete, and 93.7% as harmless). Notably, substantial agreement was observed among the ophthalmologists both in the evaluation of generated reports and answers, as reflected by kappa values ranging from 0.739 to 0.834.Conclusions: This study introduces an innovative framework that merges multi-modal transformers and LLMs, yielding enhancements in ophthalmic image interpretation. Moreover, the system facilitates dynamic communication between ophthalmologists and patients through interactive capabilities, heralding a new era of collaborative diagnostic processes.
Evaluation of the stress levels of different implant treatment options in extremely atrophic maxillae by finite element analysis method
Authors: KUZU Turan Emre , ÖZTÜRK Kübra 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Atrophy occurs in the alveolar bone in parallel with the duration of bone loss. Our study aimed to evaluate the stress levels in three different treatment options for the atrophic maxilla and to analyze these values to determine the most effective treatment method for patients.
Methods
In this study, analyses were performed using the finite element method. The study groups were as follows. 1-Four extra maxillary zygomatic implants (quad zygoma) located in the canine and six regions, respectively, in each half jaw, metal-supported porcelain prosthetic restoration. 2- After iliac bone augmentation, they will be in the canine and number six regions and all-on 4 implants and metal-supported porcelain prosthetic restoration. 3- Titanium subperiosteal implant placement and metal-supported porcelain prosthetic restoration. In this study, chewing forces of 50 N were experimentally created on the implants in all groups, 150 N obliquely in the vertical direction. In the models created, minimum stresses in the cortical bone and minimum and maximum principal stresses in the spongiose bone were observed. The Von Mises Stress values of the implants and abutments were analyzed.
Results
Stress in the alveolar bone remained within the physiological limits of the bone. However, it was determined that Group 3 created less stress on the alveolar bone than the other groups. When the Von Mises Stress values on the implants and abutments were examined, it was determined that Group 1 had the highest Von Mises Stress values, followed by Group 2, and Group 3 had the lowest Von Mises Stress values. When the stresses occurring in the prosthetic restoration were evaluated, similar results were observed.
Conclusions
When the stresses coming to the alveolar bone, the stresses to the implant and the stresses to the prosthetic superstructure are examined together in the study, the most advantageous group is 2.