bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blue justice: A review of emerging scholarship and resistance movements
Authors: Blythe Jessica L. , Gill David A. , Claudet Joachim , Bennett Nathan J. , Gurney Georgina G. , Baggio Jacopo A. , Ban Natalie C. , Bernard Miranda L. , Brun Victor , Darling Emily S. , Di Franco Antonio , Epstein Graham , Franks Phil , Horan Rebecca , Jupiter Stacy D. , Lau Jacqueline , Lazzari Natali , Mahajan Shauna L. , Mangubhai Sangeeta , Naggea Josheena , Turner Rachel A. , Zafra-Calvo Noelia 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The term “blue justice” was coined in 2018 during the 3rd World Small-Scale Fisheries Congress. Since then, academic engagement with the concept has grown rapidly. This article reviews 5 years of blue justice scholarship and synthesizes some of the key perspectives, developments, and gaps. We then connect this literature to wider relevant debates by reviewing two key areas of research – first on blue injustices and second on grassroots resistance to these injustices. Much of the early scholarship on blue justice focused on injustices experienced by small-scale fishers in the context of the blue economy. In contrast, more recent writing and the empirical cases reviewed here suggest that intersecting forms of oppression render certain coastal individuals and groups vulnerable to blue injustices. These developments signal an expansion of the blue justice literature to a broader set of affected groups and underlying causes of injustice. Our review also suggests that while grassroots resistance efforts led by coastal communities have successfully stopped unfair exposure to environmental harms, preserved their livelihoods and ways of life, defended their culture and customary rights, renegotiated power distributions, and proposed alternative futures, these efforts have been underemphasized in the blue justice scholarship, and from marine and coastal literature more broadly. We conclude with some suggestions for understanding and supporting blue justice now and into the future.
Hart on Legal Powers as Legal Competences
Authors: Kramer Matthew H. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper first recapitulates the objections by H.L.A. Hart to the ways in which John Austin’s command model of law obfuscated the importance and the very existence of power-conferring laws. Although those objections are familiar in the world of contemporary legal philosophy, their insightfulness is highlighted here because they contrast so sharply with Hart’s own neglect of power-conferring laws at some key junctures in his theorizing. In the second half of this paper, I ponder a few of the junctures where Hart failed to heed the admonitions which he had so deftly leveled against Austin.
Criminal Procedure and Human Rights in Morocco: A Profound Dilemma
Authors: El Baaj Mustapha 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe meeting between the imperatives of criminal procedure, as legal instruments of the State, and human rights generates a confrontation at one time or another. Procedural formalities tend to protect society from the scourge of crime, while human rights imply respect for the fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual. However, implementing procedural formalities inevitably prevents the exercise of certain human rights. This article addresses this clash within the context of legal developments in Morocco since the promulgation of the 2011 Constitution. It highlights the extensive transformations in Morocco since 2011, the main objective of which was strengthening human rights and consolidating the rule of law. The most remarkable transformation undoubtedly remains the independence of the judiciary and the complete emancipation of the Public Prosecutor’s Office from the Minister of Justice’s power.
The Ideologies of Organized Interests and Amicus Curiae Briefs: Large-Scale, Social Network Imputation of Ideal Points
Authors: Abi-Hassan Sahar , Box-Steffensmeier Janet M. , Christenson Dino P. , Kaufman Aaron R. , Libgober Brian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractInterest group ideology is theoretically and empirically critical in the study of American politics, yet our measurement of this key concept is lacking both in scope and time. By leveraging network science and ideal point estimation, we provide a novel measure of ideology for amicus curiae briefs and organized interests with accompanying uncertainty estimates. Our Amicus Curiae Network scores cover more than 12,000 unique groups and more than 11,000 briefs across 95 years, providing the largest and longest measure of organized interest ideologies to date. Substantively, the scores reveal that: interests before the Court are ideologically polarized, despite variance in their coalition strategies; interests that donate to campaigns are more conservative and balanced than those that do not; and amicus curiae briefs were more common from liberal organizations until the 1980s, with ideological representation virtually balanced since then.
TRACES OF 14C EMISSIONS FOR THE OPERATION PERIOD OF TWO UKRAINIAN NPPS: RIVNE AND CHORNOBYL
Authors: Buzynnyi Mykhailo , Romanenko Oleksandr , Mykhailova Liubov , Lytvynko Alla , Panasiuk Mykola 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was a comparative retrospective assessment of radiocarbon (14C) as a tracer, caused by operational emissions of Rivne and Chornobyl nuclear power plants (NPPs), which are equipped with different types of nuclear reactors. For this purpose, 14C was studied in annual tree rings of pine taken at a distance of 1.5 km southwest of the Rivne NPP and at a distance of 3.5 km west-northwest of the Chornobyl NPP, near the Yaniv railway station. As a background, we use the 14C in air data (Hua et al. 2013), which we continue for time interval 2009–2020 with our experimental data for pine tree rings. Tree rings were also collected in a rural area 60 km west of Kyiv, where industrial impact, in our opinion, is absent. 14C in wood samples was determined using the conventional method based on liquid scintillation counting. It was found that the 14C excess in the annual tree-ring samples of pine near the Chornobyl NPP during the observed operation period (1984–2000) was 3.0–13.0 pMC, except for the 1986, the year of the Chornobyl accident, when the 14C value rose sharply to 182.7 pMC (14C excess 62 pMC). After 2000, the content of 14C in the air near the Chornobyl nuclear power plant did not exceed the background values within the uncertainty of the measured data. The concentration of 14C in the samples of annual tree rings of pine near the Rivne NPP for the observation period (1986–2019) corresponded to the background levels within the uncertainty of the measured data. The study of environmental traces of 14C emissions from two NPPs equipped with different types of reactors showed significantly lower emissions of Rivne NPP with VVER compared with emissions from Chornobyl NPP with RBMK reactors.
The Svalbard treaty and identity of place: Impacts and implications for Longyearbyen, Svalbard
Authors: Brode-Roger Dina 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The Svalbard Treaty established Norway’s full and absolute sovereignty over the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard. At the same time, it also established special territorial status for the archipelago, providing nationals of all signatory nations equal access to its resources. During fieldwork in Longyearbyen, conducted as part of a bottom-up exploration of place in 2018, several recurring issues came up in the analysis of interviews with residents using grounded theory methodology. Two of these issues, sometimes linked and sometimes seen as separate, were a questioning of the legitimacy of the community and a sense of geopolitical vulnerability. These emerging categories led to a series of focus groups, conducted between December 2018 and November 2019, that was designed to explore the impacts and implications of the Svalbard Treaty through the articulation of residents’ lived experiences in Longyearbyen. This paper examines the findings that emerged within an Identity of Place framing that point to an inherent conflict between the Svalbard Treaty’s special territorial status and the possibility of establishing a fully functioning local democracy in Longyearbyen.
Tone-driven epenthesis in Wamey
Authors: Rolle Nicholas , Merrill John T. M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper argues that tone-driven epenthesis is possible in tonal languages. In Wamey, an epenthetic [ə] is inserted to host a high tone in two contexts: first, to host a tone which would otherwise be left floating due to a restriction on rising tones (/cv̀cⒽ/ maps to [cv̀cə́] due to a ban *[cv̌c]); and second, to host a tone which is introduced by word-level morphology but is restricted from associating across a stem boundary. These patterns cannot be attributed to syllable phonotactics, which freely allow all consonants in the coda position. We assemble the evidence for tone-driven epenthesis, focusing on the distribution of final [ə] in lexical stem structure and [ə]-alternating suffixes. A simple OT analysis derives [ə]-epenthesis, utilising common constraints (e.g. *Rise, OCP(H), etc.) together with constraints against associating tone across prosodic boundaries. In total, Wamey epenthesis exemplifies the cultivation of segmental environments for the purpose of realising pitch targets.
Structure of psychopathology in adolescents and its association with high-risk personality traits
Authors: Lynch Samantha J. , Sunderland Matthew , Forbes Miriam K. , Teesson Maree , Newton Nicola C. , Chapman Cath 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe present study examined high-risk personality traits and associations with psychopathology across multiple levels of a hierarchical-dimensional model of psychopathology in a large adolescent, general population sample. Confirmatory factor analyses were run using data from two randomized controlled trials of Australian adolescents (N = 8,654, mean age = 13.01 years, 52% female). A higher-order model – comprised of general psychopathology, fear, distress, alcohol use/harms, and conduct/inattention dimensions – was selected based on model fit, reliability, and replicability. Indirect-effects models were estimated to examine the unique associations between high-risk personality traits (anxiety sensitivity, negative thinking, impulsivity, and sensation seeking) and general and specific dimensions and symptoms of psychopathology. All personality traits were positively associated with general psychopathology. After accounting for general psychopathology, anxiety sensitivity was positively associated with fear; negative thinking was positively associated with distress; impulsivity was positively associated with conduct/inattention; and sensation seeking was positively associated with alcohol use/harms and conduct/inattention, and negatively associated with fear. Several significant associations between personality traits and individual symptoms remained after accounting for general and specific psychopathology. These findings contribute to our understanding of the underlying structure of psychopathology among adolescents and have implications for the development of personality-based prevention and early intervention programs.
Do insecure adult attachment styles mediate the relationship between childhood maltreatment and violent behavior?
Authors: Papalia Nina , Widom Cathy Spatz 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAttachment theory has played an important role in attempts to understand the “cycle of violence,” where maltreated children are at increased risk for perpetrating violence later in life. However, little is known empirically about whether adult attachment insecurity in close relationships may partly explain the link between childhood maltreatment and violent behavior. This study aimed to address this gap using data from a prospective longitudinal study of documented childhood abuse and neglect cases and demographically matched controls (ages 0–11 years), who were followed into adulthood and interviewed (N = 892). Participants completed the Relationship Scales Questionnaire assessing adult attachment styles at mean age 39.54. Criminal arrest data were used to determine arrests for violence after the assessment of attachment through mean age 50.54. There were significant direct paths from childhood maltreatment and adult attachment insecurity to violent arrests after attachment measurement. Attachment insecurity partly explained the higher levels of violence in individuals with maltreatment histories. Analyses of maltreatment subtypes and attachment styles revealed that attachment anxiety appeared to mediate paths between neglect and physical abuse and later violence. There were no significant indirect paths from neglect or physical abuse to violence via attachment avoidance. Implications and future directions are discussed.
First Mexican records of Anthracotheriidae (Mammalia: Artiodactyla)
Authors: JIMÉNEZ-HIDALGO Eduardo , CARBOT-CHANONA Gerardo 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTAnthracotheres are generalised artiodactyls that have an extensive record in the Cenozoic of Eurasia and Africa. In North America they have been collected in middle Eocene to early Miocene localities from the California Coast, the Great Plains and the Gulf Coast of the United States, with a single record from the early Miocene of Panama. Here we report few specimens from the early Oligocene (Ar1) Iniyoo Local Fauna of north-western Oaxaca, and the earliest Miocene of Simojovel de Allende, in northern Chiapas. This material has diverse features that indicate they belonged to the bothriodontineArretotherium, such as selenodont cristids associated with the protoconid and hypoconid, the absence of a premetacristid, and the crenulated enamel. They share withArretotherium acridensandArretotherium meridionalethe absence of a mesiolingual metacristid, but their general morphology and size indicate a close relationship toAr. meridionale. Nevertheless, in absence of better-preserved specimens, we decided not to assign the fossil material to this species. Specimens from Oaxaca and Chiapas are the first records of anthracotheres in Mexico. These new records link the previous ones from temperate North America and tropical Central America and indicate that Anthracotheriidae had a very wide geographical distribution in North America during the Palaeogene and the Neogene. Additionally, they represent the southern-most records ofArretotheriumin North America during the Oligocene and the early Miocene.
Transport Dynamics of Large Wood in a Stream Channel Affected by Spur Dikes
Authors: Akahori R. , Yamaguchi S. , Yabe H. , Shimizu Y. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe damage to river engineering structures induced by large‐wood (LW) jams is one of the significant problems in river management. For example, typical bridge damage in alluvial areas in Japan, such as wash away, is often caused by the accumulation of large wood materials. The densely transported large wood pieces are an important factor in the accumulation process. We investigated the influence of local flows generated by hydraulic structures on the initial stage of the concentration of large wood pieces. First, we experimentally investigated the flow structures generated by spur dikes in a 0.6 m wide channel and the trajectory of large wood pieces. Then, we numerically investigated the influence of external force on the transport mechanisms of large wood pieces. We employed a simplified Basset‐Boussinesq‐Oseen model to evaluate each term of the momentum equation of the particles and calculated the trajectories of the wood pieces previously observed experimentally. The results showed that the transported large wood pieces were concentrated in low‐vorticity regions of the water surface. This tendency was more prevalent in short pieces (10 mm) than in long pieces (40 mm) because the influence of the relatively small‐scale patterns of the pressure gradient of the surrounding water surface might be spatially averaged for long pieces. This tendency has not been explicitly elucidated in previous works; thus, this knowledge is expected to be key in controlling LW transport, such as detecting the possible regions where LW jams occur or designing efficient inlet sections of LW retention facilities.
A Pathway for Northern Hemisphere Extratropical Cooling to Elicit a Tropical Response
Authors: Luongo Matthew T. , Xie Shang‐Ping , Eisenman Ian , Hwang Yen‐Ting , Tseng Hung‐Yi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPrevious studies have found that Northern Hemisphere aerosol‐like cooling induces a La Niña‐like response in the tropical Indo‐Pacific. Here, we explore how a coupled ocean‐atmosphere feedback pathway communicates and sustains this response. We override ocean surface wind stress in a comprehensive climate model to decompose the total ocean‐atmosphere response to forced extratropical cooling into the response of surface buoyancy forcing alone and surface momentum forcing alone. In the subtropics, the buoyancy‐forced response dominates: the positive low cloud feedback amplifies sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies which wind‐driven evaporative cooling communicates to the tropics. In the equatorial Indo‐Pacific, buoyancy‐forced ocean dynamics cool the surface while the Bjerknes feedback creates zonally asymmetric SST patterns. Although subtropical cloud feedbacks are model‐dependent, our results suggest this feedback pathway is robust across a suite of models such that models with a stronger subtropical low cloud response exhibit a stronger La Niña response.
Primary and Secondary Gravity Waves and Large‐Scale Wind Changes Generated by the Tonga Volcanic Eruption on 15 January 2022: Modeling and Comparison With ICON‐MIGHTI Winds
Authors: Vadas Sharon L. , Becker Erich , Figueiredo Cosme , Bossert Katrina , Harding Brian J. , Gasque L. Claire 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe simulate the primary and secondary atmospheric gravity waves (GWs) excited by the upward movement of air generated by the Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai (hereafter “Tonga”) volcanic eruption on 15 January 2022. The Model for gravity wavE SOurce, Ray trAcing and reConstruction (MESORAC) is used to calculate the primary GWs and the local body forces/heatings generated where they dissipate. We add these forces/heatings to the HIgh Altitude Mechanistic general Circulation Model (HIAMCM) to determine the secondary GWs and large‐scale wind changes that result. We find that a wide range of medium to large‐scale secondary GWs with concentric ring structure are created having horizontal wind amplitudes of u′, v′ ∼ 100–200 m/s, ground‐based periods of τr ∼ 20 min to 7 hr, horizontal phase speeds of cH ∼ 100–600 m/s, and horizontal wavelengths of λH ∼ 400–7,500 km. The fastest secondary GWs with cH ∼ 500–600 m/s are large‐scale GWs with λH ∼ 3,000–7,500 km and τr ∼ 1.5–7 hr. They reach the antipode over Africa ∼9 hr after creation. Large‐scale temporally and spatially varying wind changes of ∼80–120 m/s are created where the secondary GWs dissipate. We analyze the Tonga waves measured by the Michelson Interferometer for Global High‐resolution Thermospheric Imaging (MIGHTI) on the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON), and find that the observed GWs were medium to large‐scale with cH ∼ 100–600 m/s and λH ∼ 800–7,500 km, in good agreement with the simulated secondary GWs. We also find good agreement between ICON‐MIGHTI and HIAMCM for the timing, amplitudes, locations, and wavelengths of the Tonga waves, provided we increase the GW amplitudes by ∼2 and sample them ∼30 min later than ICON.
The Impacts of East China Sea Kuroshio Front on Winter Heavy Precipitation Events in Southern China
Authors: Bai HaoKun , Hu HaiBo , Ren Xuejuan , Yang Xiu‐Qun , Zhang Yang , Mao Kefeng , Zhao Yihang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe wintertime Kuroshio sea surface temperature (SST) front has the significant climate effects on Southern China. The study demonstrates a close relationship between heavy precipitation over Southern China and Kuroshio SST front in winter. More than half winter heavy rainfall events in Southern China are proved to be resulted from strong High‐frequency Variability events of the sea surface Wind Coupled with Precipitation (HV‐WCP events) over Kuroshio SST front. One day before strong HV‐WCP events, the initial precipitation appears over Middle‐lower Yangtze River due to the significantly enhanced frontal intensity. Then, precipitation generates low‐level cyclone and southeasterly wind anomalies, after it moving into Kuroshio front area because of the winter monsoon. The significant marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) height gradient over Kuroshio leads to plentiful moisture transporting from MABL into the free atmosphere and enhances the local precipitation again. This process further causes the large‐scale stratus rainband extending to Southern China and enhancing the heavy rainfall locally. Especially in 2008 winter, several processes of a strong HV‐WCP event followed by continuous weak ones are conducive to the low‐temperature‐precipitation disaster in Southern China.
Timing and Origin of Compressional Tectonism in Mare Tranquillitatis
Authors: Frueh T. , Hiesinger H. , van der Bogert C. H. , Clark J. D. , Watters T. R. , Schmedemann N. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe lithosphere of the Moon has been deformed by tectonic processes for at least 4 billion years, resulting in a variety of tectonic surface features. Extensional large lunar graben formed during an early phase of net thermal expansion before 3.6 Ga. With the emplacement of mare basalts at ∼3.9–4.0 Ga, faulting and folding of the mare basalts initiated, and wrinkle ridges formed. Lunar wrinkle ridges exclusively occur within the lunar Maria and are thought to be the result of superisostatic loading by dense mare basalts. Since 3.6 Ga, the Moon is in a thermal state of net contraction, which led to the global formation of small lobate thrust faults called lobate scarps. Hence, lunar tectonism recorded changes in the global and regional stress fields and is therefore an important archive for the thermal evolution of the Moon. Here, we mapped tectonic features in the non‐mascon basin Mare Tranquillitatis and classified these features according to their respective erosional states. This classification aims to provide new insights into the timing of lunar tectonism and the associated stress fields. We found a wide time range of tectonic activity, ranging from ancient to recent (3.8 Ga to <50 Ma). Early wrinkle ridge formation seems to be closely related to subsidence and flexure. For the recent and ongoing growth of wrinkle ridges and lobate scarps, global contraction with a combination of recession stresses and diurnal tidal stresses, as well as with a combination of South Pole‐Aitken ejecta loading and true polar wander are likely.