bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low- or high-dose preventive aspirin use and risk of death from all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and cancer: A nationally representative cohort study
Authors: Chen Yu , Chen Fuli , Liao Jie , Han Hukui , Li Gang , Zhou Long 
Published: February 2023

Background and aim: For a long time, aspirin has been recommended for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, results of long-term effects of aspirin use on the risk of CVD and all-cause death as well as cause-specific mortality are not consistent. This study aims to investigate the relationship between low- or high-dose preventive aspirin use and the risk of death from all-cause, CVD, and cancer among US adults aged 40 years and older.Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted by utilizing four cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and linked 2019 mortality files. Cox proportional hazard models accounting for multiple covariates were used to calculate hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the associations between low- or high-dose aspirin use and risk of death.Results: A total of 10,854 individuals (5,364 men and 5,490 women) were enrolled in the study. During a median follow-up of 4.8 years, 924 death events including 294 CVD death and 223 cancer death were documented. We found no evidence that taking low-dose aspirin decreased the chance of dying from any cause (HR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.79–1.06), CVD (HR: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.79–1.33), or cancer (HR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.60–1.08). High-dose aspirin users had a higher risk of CVD death compared to participants who had never used aspirin (HR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.11–2.41).Conclusion: Using low-dose aspirin has no effect on the risk of death from any causes, whereas taking high doses of aspirin increases the risk of CVD death.
Exploring the mechanism of curcumin in the treatment of colon cancer based on network pharmacology and molecular docking
Authors: He Qingmin , Liu Chuan , Wang Xiaohan , Rong Kang , Zhu Mingyang , Duan Liying , Zheng Pengyuan , Mi Yang 
Published: February 2023

Objective: Curcumin is a plant polyphenol extracted from the Chinese herb turmeric. It was found that curcumin has good anti-cancer properties in a variety of cancers, but the exact mechanism is not clear. Based on the network pharmacology and molecular docking to deeply investigate the molecular mechanism of curcumin for the treatment of colon cancer, it provides a new research direction for the treatment of colon cancer.Methods: Curcumin-related targets were collected using PharmMapper, SwissTargetPrediction, Targetnet and SuperPred. Colon cancer related targets were obtained using OMIM, DisGeNET, GeneCards and GEO databases. Drug-disease intersection targets were obtained via Venny 2.1.0. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of drug-disease common targets were performed using DAVID. Construct PPI network graphs of intersecting targets using STRING database as well as Cytoscape 3.9.0 and filter core targets. Molecular docking via AutoDockTools 1.5.7. The core targets were further analyzed by GEPIA, HPA, cBioPortal and TIMER databases.Results: A total of 73 potential targets of curcumin for the treatment of colon cancer were obtained. GO function enrichment analysis yielded 256 entries, including BP(Biological Progress):166, CC(celluar component):36 and MF(Molecular Function):54. The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis yielded 34 signaling pathways, mainly involved in Metabolic pathways, Nucleotide metabolism, Nitrogen metabolism, Drug metabolism - other enzymes, Pathways in cancer,PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, etc. CDK2, HSP90AA1, AURKB, CCNA2, TYMS, CHEK1, AURKA, DNMT1, TOP2A, and TK1 were identified as core targets by Cytoscape 3.9.0. Molecular docking results showed that the binding energies of curcumin to the core targets were all less than 0 kJ-mol-1, suggesting that curcumin binds spontaneously to the core targets. These results were further validated in terms of mRNA expression levels, protein expression levels and immune infiltration.Conclusion: Based on network pharmacology and molecular docking initially revealed that curcumin exerts its therapeutic effects on colon cancer with multi-target, multi-pathway. Curcumin may exert anticancer effects by binding to core targets. Curcumin may interfere with colon cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis by regulating signal transduction pathways such as PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,IL-17 signaling pathway, Cell cycle. This will deepen and enrich our understanding of the potential mechanism of curcumin against colon cancer and provide a theoretical basis for subsequent studies.
Dietary methionine restriction alleviates oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide-challenged broilers at early age
Authors: Pang Xiyuan , Miao Zhiqiang , Dong Yuanyang , Cheng Huiyu , Xin Xiangqi , Wu Yuan , Han Miaomiao , Su Yuan , Yuan Jianmin , Shao Yuxin , Yan Lei , Li Jianhui 
Published: February 2023

In this study, we investigated the effect of dietary methionine restriction (MR) on the antioxidant function and inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged broilers reared at high stocking density. A total of 504 one-day-old male Arbor Acre broiler chickens were randomly divided into four treatments: 1) CON group, broilers fed a basal diet; 2) LPS group, LPS-challenged broilers fed a basal diet; 3) MR1 group, LPS-challenged broilers fed a methionine-restricted diet (0.3% methionine); and 4) MR2 group, LPS-challenged broilers fed a methionine-restricted diet (0.4% methionine). LPS-challenged broilers were intraperitoneally injected with 1 mg/kg body weight (BW) of LPS at 17, 19, and 21 days of age, whereas the CON group was injected with sterile saline. The results showed that: LPS significantly increased the liver histopathological score (p &lt; 0.05); LPS significantly decreased the serum total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity at 3 h after injection (p &lt; 0.05); the LPS group had a higher content of Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF)-α, but a lower content of IL-10 than the CON group in serum (p &lt; 0.05). Compared with the LPS group, the MR1 diet increased catalase (CAT), SOD, and T-AOC, and the MR2 diet increased SOD and T-AOC at 3 h after injection in serum (p &lt; 0.05). Only MR2 group displayed a significantly decreased liver histopathological score (p &lt; 0.05) at 3 h, while MR1 and MR2 groups did so at 8 h. Both MR diets significantly decreased serum LPS, CORT, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α contents, but increased IL-10 content (p &lt; 0.05). Moreover, the MR1 group displayed significantly increased expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), CAT, and GSH-Px at 3 h; the MR2 group had a higher expression of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), SOD, and GSH-Px at 8 h (p &lt; 0.05). In summary, MR can improve antioxidant capacity, immunological stress, and liver health in LPS-challenged broilers. The MR1 and MR2 groups experienced similar effects on relieving stress; however, MR1 alleviated oxidative stress more rapidly. It is suggested that precise regulation of methionine levels in poultry with stress may improve the immunity of broilers, reduce feed production costs, and increase production efficiency in the poultry industry.
Co-limitation of N and P is more prevalent in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau grasslands
Authors: Dong Kai , Li Wenjin , Tang Yulong , Ma Suhui , Jiang Mengluan 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionOver the past three decades, the view of nutrient limitation has transferred from single-nutrient limitation to multiple-nutrient limitation. On the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP), many nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) addition experiments have revealed different N- or P-limited patterns at many alpine grassland sites, whereas it is not clear what the general patterns of N and P limitation across the QTP grasslands.MethodsWe performed a meta-analysis, containing 107 publications, to assess how N and P constrained plant biomass and diversity in alpine grasslands across the QTP. We also tested how mean annual precipitation (MAP) and mean annual temperature (MAT) influence N and P limitations.ResultsThe findings show that plant biomass in QTP grasslands is co-limited by N and P. Single N limitation is stronger than single P limitation, and the combined positive effect of N and P addition is stronger than that of single nutrient additions. The response of biomass to N fertilization rate shows an increase firstly and then declines, and peaks at approximately 25 g N·m-2·year-1. MAP promotes the effect of N limitation on plant aboveground biomass and diminishes the effect of N limitation on belowground biomass. Meanwhile, N and P addition generally decline plant diversity. Moreover, the negative response of plant diversity to N and P co-addition is strongest than that of single nutrient additions.DiscussionOur results highlight that N and P co-limitation is more prevalent than N- or P-limitation alone in alpine grasslands on the QTP. Our findings provide a better understanding of nutrient limitation and management for alpine grasslands on the QTP.
Using an integrated model of the theory of planned behavior and the temporal self-regulation theory to explain physical activity in patients with coronary heart disease
Authors: Wang Wenqin , Wu Minjuan , Hua Yun , Zhang Xingwei , Feng Guohe 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundThis study aimed to explore the psychosocial determinants of the physical activity (PA) levels in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) using an integrated theoretical model based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the temporal self-regulation theory (TST).MethodThis was a prospective study conducted at the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Zhejiang, China. A total of 279 patients with CHD [176 men aged 26–89 years, mean (M) = 64.69, standard deviation (SD) = 13.17] were selected under the study inclusion criteria by convenience sampling. The data on attitude, subjective norm (SN), perceived behavioral control (PBC), and intention variables for the TPB model and consideration of future consequences (CFC), habit, and self-control (SC) variables for the TST model were collected 1–2 days before the discharge (Time 1, T1) of the participants, and a telephone follow-up was made to assess the participants' self-reported PA levels 1 week after their discharge (Time 2, T2).ResultsThe results revealed that only 39.8% of the patients with CHD met the guidelines' recommendations on PA. The data analyses using structural equation modeling (SEM) in the Mplus 8.3 modeling program showed that, in the simple mediation model, attitude, PBC, and CFC were positively related to the intention to practice guideline-recommended levels of PA but SN was not. In addition, intention was shown to mediate the relationships between attitude, PBC, CFC, and PA levels. Furthermore, based on the moderated mediating model, intention and habit were shown to be positively associated with PA levels but SC was not. Moreover, SC played a significant moderating role between intention and PA levels. However, habit strength did not moderate the relationship between intention and PA levels.ConclusionAn integration of the TPB and TST models offers a good theoretical tool for understanding PA levels in patients with CHD.
Characteristics and related factors of family functioning in Chinese families during early pregnancy
Authors: Qin Xuemei , Zhang Weiling , Xu Shuyin , Ma Mohan , Fan Xing , Nie Xueqing , Liu Jin , Ju Yumeng , Zhang Li , Li Lingjiang , Li HaoLun , Liu Bangshan , Zhang Yan 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionFamily functioning has been found to significantly impact each family member’s health mentally, physically, and socially. A number of the research has focused on the impact of impaired family functioning in general, but limited studies explore family functioning in the vulnerable period, early pregnancy. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the characteristics and related factors in Chinese females and partners during early pregnancy.MethodsThe cross-sectional study enrolled 226 pregnant women and 166 partners. Assessment tools included the McMaster Family Assessment Device (FAD), Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item, Social Support Rating Scale, and Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire, Short Form. Correlation analysis was applied to investigate the related factors.ResultsIn the present study, FAD-Behavior Control (BC) was the only dysfunctional dimension and had the highest dysfunctional rates than other dimensions. Length of time living with a partner, depressive and anxious symptoms, and quality of life were all associated with the dysfunctional family functioning of BC.ConclusionsThe study reinforced the important clues of family functioning during early pregnancy. Also, it provided new entry points for the general population and healthcare providers to minimize the negative impact that impaired family function might bring to a family.
Speech comprehension in noisy environments: Evidence from the predictability effects on the N400 and LPC
Authors: Hsin Cheng-Hung , Chao Pei-Chun , Lee Chia-Ying 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionSpeech comprehension involves context-based lexical predictions for efficient semantic integration. This study investigated how noise affects the predictability effect on event-related potentials (ERPs) such as the N400 and late positive component (LPC) in speech comprehension.MethodsTwenty-seven listeners were asked to comprehend sentences in clear and noisy conditions (hereinafter referred to as “clear speech” and “noisy speech,” respectively) that ended with a high-or low-predictability word during electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings.ResultsThe study results regarding clear speech showed the predictability effect on the N400, wherein low-predictability words elicited a larger N400 amplitude than did high-predictability words in the centroparietal and frontocentral regions. Noisy speech showed a reduced and delayed predictability effect on the N400 in the centroparietal regions. Additionally, noisy speech showed a predictability effect on the LPC in the centroparietal regions.DiscussionThese findings suggest that listeners achieve comprehension outcomes through different neural mechanisms according to listening conditions. Noisy speech may be comprehended with a second-pass process that possibly functions to recover the phonological form of degraded speech through phonetic reanalysis or repair, thus compensating for decreased predictive efficiency.
The relationship between mindfulness, anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: A meta-analysis of correlational studies
Authors: Xu Fuming , Zhu Wanling , Chen Qian , Tang Youmei 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundThe emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has created an environment in which numerous determinants of poor mental health are intensified. Lockdown, re-lockdown, and media coverage of the spread of the virus, have the potential to contribute to increased levels of anxiety and depression. Mindfulness may act as a buffer against COVID-19-related depressive and anxiety disorders.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis by searching PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for any study published between January 2020 and March 2022. In this study, Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Version 3.3 software was applied to evaluate the effect size by random effect model. In addition, the heterogeneity analysis was evaluated using indicators Q and I2 indicators. Three methods were used to test for publication bias: funnel plot, Classic Fail-safe N, and Egger’s linear regression. According to the features of the included articles, subgroup analysis was utilized for the moderator analysis of this study.ResultsThe analysis finally included 12 articles (16 samples, N = 10,940) and obtained 26 independent effect sizes. In accordance with the meta-analysis, in the random effect model, the correlation between mindfulness and anxiety was −0.330 (p &lt; 0.001), and the correlation between mindfulness and depression was −0.353 (p &lt; 0.001), which supported the effect of mindfulness on anxiety and depression. In the meta-analysis of the correlation between mindfulness and anxiety, study region had an essential moderating effect (p &lt; 0.001). The Sample type did not produce a significant moderating effect (p = 0.190). The mode of action of mindfulness was a significant moderator (p = 0.038). In the meta-analysis of the linkage between mindfulness and depression, regional differences had a significant moderating effect (p &lt; 0.001). The sample type had no discernible moderating impact (p = 0.213). The mode of action of mindfulness was a significant moderator (p = 0.003).ConclusionOur meta-analysis indicated that there was an essential correlation between public mindfulness and mental health. Our systematic review added evidence supporting the beneficial nature of mindfulness. A cascading development of beneficial traits that improve mental health may start with mindfulness.
Game-matching background music has an add-on effect for reducing emotionality of traumatic memories during reconsolidation intervention
Authors: Jiang Che , Chen Wei , Tao Ling , Wang Jiajia , Cheng Kuihong , Zhang Yibo , Qi Zijuan , Zheng Xifu 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionHospital is a stressful place of employment, and a high proportion of healthcare workers, especially the ICU (Intensive Care Unit) nurses were found to be at risk of PTSD. Previous studies showed that taxing working memory through visuospatial tasks during the reconsolidation process of aversive memories can reduce the number of intrusions afterwards. However, the finds could not be replicated by some researches, indicating there may be some boundary conditions that are subtle and complex.MethodsWe performed a randomized controlled trial (ChiCTR2200055921; URL: www.chictr.org.cn). In our study, a series of ICU nurses or probationers who performed a cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) were enrolled and instructed to play a visuospatial music tapping game (“Ceaseless Music Note”, CMN; Beijing Muyuan Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China) at the fourth day after CPR. The numbers of intrusions each day were recorded from the first to the seventh days (24 h×6 day), and the vividness and emotionality of CPR memories were rated at the 4th and 7th days. These parameters were compared between different groups (game with background sound; game with sound off; sound only; none).ResultsThe game-matching background music can have an add-on effect for single tapping game with no sound in reducing the emotionality of previous aversive memories.DiscussionWe proposed that flow experience (the subjective experience of effortless attention, reduced self-awareness, and enjoyment, and may be induced by optimal skill-demands compatibility in challenging tasks) as a key boundary condition for successful reconsolidation intervention.Clinical trial registrationwww.chictr.org.cn, identifier: ChiCTR2200055921.
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing in adolescents with autism; Efficacy on ASD symptoms and stress
Authors: Leuning Esther Marion , van den Berk-Smeekens Iris , van Dongen-Boomsma Martine , Staal Wouter G. 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionEye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a well-established and thoroughly researched treatment method for posttraumatic stress symptoms. When patients with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are treated with EMDR for their Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), they sometimes report a decrease in the core symptoms of ASD. This explorative pre-post-follow up design study is designed to investigate whether EMDR with a focus on daily experienced stress, is effective in reducing ASD symptoms and stress in adolescents with ASD.MethodsTwenty-one adolescents with ASD (age 12 to 19) were treated with ten sessions EMDR, focusing on events of daily experienced stress.ResultsNo significant decrease of ASD symptoms was found on the total score of the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) as reported by caregivers from baseline to end measurement. However, there was a significant decrease on total caregivers SRS score comparing the baseline to the follow-up measurement. On two subscales, Social Awareness and Social Communication, a significant decrease was found from baseline to follow-up. On the subscales Social Motivation and Restricted Interests and Repetitive Behavior, no significant effects were found. On pre- and posttest scores of total ASD symptoms measured by the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS-2), no significant effects were found. On the contrary, scores on self-reported Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) showed a significant decrease from baseline to follow-up. Also, 52% of adolescents showed a significant improvement of global clinical functioning at endpoint measurement on the Clinical Global Impression Improvement, rated by an independent child psychiatrist.DiscussionIn sum, these results of this uncontrolled study suggest a partial effect of EMDR in adolescents with ASD on ASD symptoms, rated by their caregivers. In addition, the results of this study show that EMDR treatment on daily experienced stress significantly reduce perceived stress as reported by the participants, and improves global clinical functioning. The results also suggest a ‘sleeper effect’, since no significant effects were found between baseline- and post- treatment measurements, but only between baseline- and follow up three months after the treatment. This finding is in line with other studies investigating psychotherapeutic effects in ASD. Implications for clinical practice and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Cardiorespiratory fitness, body mass index, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in young men: A cohort study
Authors: Gorny Alexander Wilhelm , Yap Jonathan , Neo Jia Wei , Chow Wei En , Yeo Khung Keong , Tan Chuen Seng , Müller-Riemenschneider Falk 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveWe examined the association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), body mass index (BMI), incidence of major acute cardiovascular events (MACE), and all-cause mortality (ACM).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study involving 212,631 healthy young men aged 16 to 25 years who had undergone medical examination and fitness testing (2.4 km run) from 1995 to 2015. Information on the outcomes of major acute cardiovascular events (MACE) and all-cause mortality (ACM) were obtained from the national registry data.ResultsDuring 2,043,278 person-years of follow-up, 371 first MACE and 243 ACM events were recorded. Compared against the first run-time quintile, adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for MACE in the second to fifth quintiles were 1.26 (95% CI 0.84–1.91), 1.60 (95% CI 1.09–2.35), 1.60 (95% CI 1.10–2.33), and 1.58 (95% CI 1.09–2.30). Compared against the “acceptable risk” BMI category, the adjusted HRs for MACE in the “underweight,” “increased risk,” and “high-risk” categories were 0.97 (95% CI 0.69–1.37), 1.71 (95% CI 1.33–2.21), and 3.51 (95% CI 2.61–4.72), respectively. The adjusted HRs for ACM were increased in participants from the fifth run-time quintile in the “underweight” and “high-risk” BMI categories. The combined associations of CRF and BMI with MACE showed elevated hazard in the “BMI≥23-fit” category, which was more pronounced in the “BMI≥23-unfit” category. The hazards for ACM were elevated across the “BMI&lt;23-unfit,” “BMI≥23-fit,” and “BMI≥23-unfit” categories.ConclusionLower CRF and elevated BMI were associated with increased hazards of MACE and ACM. A higher CRF did not fully compensate for elevated BMI in the combined models. CRF and BMI remain important targets for public health intervention in young men.