bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of national institute for health and care excellence guidance for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms by emulating a hypothetical target trial
Authors: Eilenberg Wolf , Waduud Mohammed A. , Davies Henry , Bailey Marc A. , Scott D. Julian A. , Wolf Florian , Sotir Anna , Lakowitsch Sebastian , Kaider Alexandra , Heinze Georg , Brostjan Christine , Domenig Christoph M. , Neumayer Christoph 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveThis retrospective study evaluates the performance of UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) Guidelines on management of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms in a “real world setting” by emulating a hypothetical target trial with data from two European Aortic Centers.MethodsClinical data was retrospectively collected for all patients who had undergone ruptured endovascular aneurysm repair (rEVAR) and ruptured open surgical repair (rOSR). Survival analysis was performed comparing NICE compliance to usual care strategy. NICE compliers were defined as: female patients undergoing rEVAR; male patients &gt;70 years old undergoing rEVAR; and male patients ≤70 years old undergoing rOSR. Hemodynamic instability was considered additionally.ResultsThis multicenter study included 298 patients treated for rAAA. The majority of patients were treated with rOSR (186 rOSR vs. 112 rEVAR). Overall, 184 deaths (68 [37%] with rEVAR and 116 [63%] with rOSR) were observed during the study period. Overall survival under usual care was 69.2% at 30 days, 56.5% at one year, and 42.4% at 5 years. NICE compliance gave survival outcomes of 73.1% at 30 days, 60.2% at 1 year and 42.9% at 5 years. The risk ratios at these time points, comparing NICE-compliance to usual care, were 0.88, 0.92 and 0.99, respectively.ConclusionsWe support NICE recommendations to manage men below the age of 71 years and hemodynamic stability with rOSR. There was a slight survival advantage for NICE compliers overall, in men &gt;70 years and women of all ages.
Application of multi-source data in a tornado process in Jiangsu province
Authors: Cao Shuya , Wang Yi , Tan Juan , Zhuang Xiaoran , Lu Rong , Wei Fenfen , He Yan 
Published: July 2023

This paper analyzes the weather background and triggering mechanism before the occurrence of an EF3 tornado on 14 May 2021, in southern Jiangsu, using multi-source data. Results show that 1) the tornado occurred in the warm and humid area inside the low-level shear line and the inverted trough at the surface, the southeast wind field to the east of the surface convergence line and high value area of water vapor flux on the left side of low altitude jet axis exit zone. 2) The intensity of the heavy rainfall supercell storm was strengthened after entering the Taihu Lake, and mesocyclones were detected with decreasing heights and increasing shear strengths which leading to the formation of the tornado parent storm. Tornado vortex storm bottom height dropped to 0.3km, the shear value increased to 169.1 × 10−3 s-1, strong echoes above 60 dBZ reached to the ground, the difference between the lowest elevation Radial velocity (LLDV) and the maximum Radial velocity (MXDV) reached up to the largest value when tornado occurred. 3) The strong convergence of the ground and the enhancement of mesoscale frontal zone resulted in the strong development of thunderstorm cells. The deep rear inflow behind the heavy precipitation supercell storm passed through the stratiform cloud area and produced strong updraft due to the convergence of wind direction and wind speed. The updrafts generated vertical vorticity under the influence of wind shear, which was further stretched in the middle layer of the troposphere to form the core of the tornado. 4) The flat underlying surface, abundant water vapor, lake surface thermal boundary, and strong wind convergence on the east bank of Taihu Lake provided favorable conditions for the occurrence of the tornado. The centers of the mesocyclones in the lower and middle layers were close to each other in the horizontal direction, which provided stable and vertical updrafts for the mesocyclones and strengthened the suction effect of the mesocyclones on the low-level vortices, facilitating the formation of the tornado.
FOXO 1 deletion in chondrocytes rescues diabetes-impaired fracture healing by restoring angiogenesis and reducing apoptosis
Authors: Alharbi Mohammed A. , Graves Dana T. 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionDiabetes mellitus is associated with higher risks of long bone and jaw fractures. It is also associated with a higher incidence of delayed union or non-union. Our previous investigations concluded that a dominant mechanism was the premature loss of cartilage during endochondral bone formation associated with increased osteoclastic activities. We tested the hypothesis that FOXO1 plays a key role in diabetes-impaired angiogenesis and chondrocyte apoptosis.MethodsClosed fractures of the femur were induced in mice with lineage-specific FOXO1 deletion in chondrocytes. The control group consisted of mice with the FOXO1 gene present. Mice in the diabetic group were rendered diabetic by multiple streptozotocin injections, while mice in the normoglycemic group received vehicle. Specimens were collected 16 days post fracture. The samples were fixed, decalcified, and embedded in paraffin blocks for immunostaining utilizing anti cleaved caspase-3 or CD31 specific antibodies compared with matched control IgG antibody, and apoptosis by the TUNEL assay. Additionally, ATDC5 chondrocytes were examined in vitro by RT-PCR, luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays.ResultsDiabetic mice had ~ 50% fewer blood vessels compared to normoglycemic mice FOXO1 deletion in diabetic mice partially rescued the low number of blood vessels (p &lt; 0.05). Additionally, diabetes increased caspase-3 positive and apoptotic chondrocytes by 50%. FOXO1 deletion in diabetic animals blocked the increase in both to levels comparable to normoglycemic animals (p &lt; 0.05). High glucose (HG) and high advanced glycation end products (AGE) levels stimulated FOXO1 association with the caspase-3 promoter in vitro, and overexpression of FOXO1 increased caspase-3 promoter activity in luciferase reporter assays. Furthermore, we review previous mechanistic studies demonstrating that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibition reverses impaired angiogenesis and reverses high levels of chondrocyte apoptosis that occur in fracture healing.DiscussionNew results presented here, in combination with recent studies, provide a comprehensive overview of how diabetes, through high glucose levels, AGEs, and increased inflammation, impair the healing process by interfering with angiogenesis and stimulating chondrocyte apoptosis. FOXO1 in diabetic fractures plays a negative role by reducing new blood vessel formation and increasing chondrocyte cell death which is distinct from its role in normal fracture healing.
Characteristics of steroid hormones in systemic lupus erythematosus revealed by GC/MS-based metabolic profiling
Authors: Wu Dehong , Ye Lingxia , Zhang Xiafeng , Yin Mengdi , Guo Yixuan , Zhou Jia 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease with a remarkable predominance in female, suggesting that steroid hormones may be involved in the pathogenesis. However, steroid signature of SLE patients has not been fully explored.MethodsA metabolic profiling analysis based on gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with high sensitivity and reproducibility was employed to comprehensively reveal SLE-specific steroid alterations.ResultsMore than 70 kinds of steroids in urine were detected by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to reveal SLE-specific steroid alterations. Principle component analysis demonstrated that the steroid profile was obviously distinguished between patients with SLE and controls. A lower level of total androgens was observed in patients, and nine androgens [dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), testosterone, Etio, androsterone, βαβ-Diol, Epi-An, Epi-DHT, 16α-OH-DHEA, and A-Diol] underwent significant decrease. Moreover, patients with SLE exhibited a slightly higher level of total estrogens than controls, and three estrogens (17-Epi-E3, 17α-E2, and E3) were remarkably increased. Furthermore, we identified the elevation of two sterols (Lan and Chol), and the reduction of one corticoid (11-DeoxyF) and two progestins (5α-DHP and 11β-OH-Prog) in patients.DiscussionIn this study, metabolic signature of urinary steroids associated with SLE was comprehensively defined by GC/MS for the first time, and steroid metabolism disorders were found in patients with SLE, especially the conversion of androgens to estrogens. Our findings will provide new insights for a deeper understanding of the mechanism of steroid hormones in the pathogenesis of SLE and will help to unravel the reason of sexual disparity in SLE.
Local tumor destruction and liver resection increase overall survival in intermediate/advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients: evidence from a population-based study
Authors: Zhang Yang , Zhang Yi , He Taiyu , Liu Guangliang , Duan Minjie , Huang Jian , Huang Christy , Lowe Scott , Ke Dazhi , Liu Xiaozhu , Cao Junyi 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundLiver resection (LR) and local tumor destruction (LTD) are effective treatments, but not commonly recommended for patients with intermediate/advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to explore whether LR/LTD could improve overall survival (OS) of these patients, and to identify the patients who will most likely benefit from LR/LTD.MethodsData of patients with intermediate/advanced HCC between 2001 and 2018 were extracted from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. OS was compared between HCC patients who received LR/LTD and those who did not. A nomogram was constructed for predicting OS, and it was then validated.ResultsA total of 535 eligible patients were included, among which 128 received LR/LTD while 407 did not. Significantly higher OS in patients who received LR/LTD was observed (P&lt;0.001). Based on independent prognostic factors obtained from univariate and multivariate analyses, a nomogram was constructed. The C-indices of nomogram were higher than those of the TNM staging system (training cohort: 0.74 vs. 0.59; validation cohort: 0.78 vs. 0.61). Similarly, areas under receiver operating characteristic curves and calibration curves indicated good accuracy of the nomogram. Decision curve analysis curves revealed good clinical practicability of the nomogram. Furthermore, low-risk patients (nomogram score: 0-221.9) had higher OS compared with high-risk patients (nomogram score: higher than 221.9) (P&lt;0.001).ConclusionLR/LTD significantly improves OS in patients with intermediate/advanced HCC. The nomogram developed in the present study shows high predicating value for OS in patients with intermediate/advanced HCC, which might be useful in selecting patients who are most suitable for LR/LTD.
Changes in the water retention of mountainous landscapes since the 1820s in the Austrian Alps
Authors: Stecher Gabriel , Hohensinner Severin , Herrnegger Mathew 
Published: July 2023

Interactions of humans with the environment are strongly related to land use and land cover changes (LULCCs). In the last decades, these changes have led to a degradation of ecosystem services, including water regulation and flood control. In the Alpine areas of Austria, land cover changes have increased flood risk since the middle of the 19th century. In this paper, we assess the influence of these long-term land use changes on the landscape’s ability to retain water using the qualitative Water Retention Index (WRI). The changes are thereby evaluated on the basis of the historical (1826–1859) and present (2016) land cover situation, which is to our knowledge the first high-resolution and regional application of the WRI. The results show that the water retention potential mimics the mountainous characteristic and features. Except for areas strongly dominated by settlement areas, the highest retention potentials are found in valley floors and the lowest values are depicted along the main Alpine complex. In low-lying areas, the retention decreased by over 10%. It was found that this decrease can be mostly attributed to settlement expansion. Above 1,250 m, land use transformations led to slightly increasing water retention values owing to the transformation of wasteland or glaciers to stagnant waters and to the expansion of forest and grassland in high elevations. This examination allows for a holistic and spatially distributed LULCC impact assessment on the landscape’s water regulation capacities and offers valuable high-resolution information for future land use planning and sustainable land development.
Genome-wide diversity and admixture of five indigenous cattle populations from the Tigray region of northern Ethiopia
Authors: Zegeye Tsadkan , Belay Gurja , Vallejo-Trujillo Adriana , Han Jianlin , Hanotte Olivier 
Published: July 2023

The Tigray region, where we found around eight per cent of the indigenous cattle population of Ethiopia, is considered as the historic centre of the country, with the ancient pre-Aksumite and Aksumite civilisations in contact with the civilisations of the Fertile Crescent and the Indian subcontinent. Here, we used whole genome sequencing data to characterise the genomic diversity, relatedness, and admixture of five cattle populations (Abergelle, Arado, Begait, Erob, and Raya) indigenous to the Tigray region of Ethiopia. We detected 28 to 29 million SNPs and 2.7 to 2.9 million indels in each population, of which 7% of SNPs and 34% of indels were novel. Functional annotation of the variants showed around 0.01% SNPs and 0.22%–0.27% indels in coding regions. Enrichment analysis of genes overlapping missense private SNPs revealed 20 significant GO terms and KEGG pathways that were shared by or specific to breeds. They included important genes associated with morphology (SCN4A, TAS1R2 and KCNG4), milk yield (GABRG1), meat quality (MMRN2, VWC2), feed efficiency (PCDH8 and SLC26A3), immune response (LAMC1, PCDH18, CELSR1, TLR6 and ITGA5), heat resistance (NPFFR1 and HTR7) and genes belonging to the olfactory gene family, which may be related to adaptation to harsh environments. Tigray indigenous cattle are very diverse. Their genome-wide average nucleotide diversity ranged from 0.0035 to 0.0036. The number of heterozygous SNPs was about 0.6–0.7 times higher than homozygous ones. The within-breed average number of ROHs ranged from 777.82 to 1000.45, with the average sum of the length of ROHs ranging from 122.01 Mbp to 163.88 Mbp. The genomic inbreeding coefficients differed among animals and breeds, reaching up to 10% in some Begait and Raya animals. Tigray indigenous cattle shared a common ancestry with Asian indicine (85.6%–88.7%) and African taurine (11.3%–14.1%) cattle, with very small, if any, European taurine introgression. This study identified high within-breed genetic diversity representing an opportunity for breeding improvement programs and, also, significant novel variants that could increase the number of known cattle variants, an important contribution to the knowledge of domestic cattle genetic diversity.
A novel quantitative analysis for diurnal dynamics of Ulva prolifera patch in the Yellow Sea from Geostationary Ocean Color Imager observation
Authors: Cui He , Chen Jianyu , Jiang Xiaoyi , Fu Yu , Qiao Feng 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionIn the last decade, the outbreak of large-scale green tides caused by Ulva prolifera has continuously occurred in the Yellow Sea. Satellite remote sensing techniques have been widely used to monitor the distribution area and duration of green tides due to their advantages of their large-area synchronous observation. Ulva prolifera in the Yellow Sea is mainly distributed in bands or large patches during its flourishing stage. Previous studies have rarely reported the quantitative analysis of a single Ulva prolifera patch and its changes in the short term.MethodsConsidering the high temporal resolution of the Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI) sensor and the patchy distribution of Ulva prolifera floating on the sea surface, we developed a feasible method for monitoringUlva prolifera by performing clustering analysis with density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) to capture the diurnal variation characteristics of a single Ulva prolifera patch.ResultsThis new approach was used to extract informationfrom a single Ulva prolifera patch in the Yellow Sea in 2012 and 2017. The results showed that during the time of GOCI imaging, the tidal current was the main factor driving the drift of Ulva prolifera, and the drifting direction of Ulva prolifera was consistent with the direction of the local tidal current, with a coefficient of determination of 0.94.DiscussionBy changing the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) threshold, further more accurate atmospheric correction (AC) of GOCI data during the twilight periods was indirectly achieved. By comparing the areal change in the single patch before and after AC, we speculated that the daily change in signal intensity received by the GOCI sensor may be the main reason for the diurnal variation in the Ulva proliferacoverage area. The results showed the details of the diurnal variation in Ulvaprolifera patches in the dynamic marine environment, and the main reason that may cause this variation was speculated.
Work climate from the perspective of nurses: qualitative research
Authors: Kosydar-Bochenek Justyna , Krupa Sabina , Semań Tomasz , Mędrzycka-Dąbrowska Wioletta 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionThis study aims to determine the nurses’ view of the work climate. A positive work climate is one of the keys determining factors in improving nurse outcomes and affects patient satisfaction with care.MethodsIn this qualitative research, a semi-structured interview was used to understand nurses’ perceptions of their work environment. The participants’ responses were recorded and transcribed. Between November and December 2021, 22 nurses participated in the study. Purposive sampling was used to choose nurses for the research, and interviews were performed with these nurses utilizing a semi-structured interview form. The interviews were analyzed using a theme analysis.ResultsThe themes identified in the data centered on four dominant elements that together shaped the prevailing work climate: participation in making decisions, companionship, job satisfaction, and changes they expect.ConclusionIt is necessary to implement meetings at the level of departments and hospitals, where employees will receive support from the authorities and learn how they can improve the working climate.Implications for nursing managementResearch findings on the working climate can help hospital managers makers design interventions to create a good working environment for nurses.
One year of SARS-CoV-2 circulation in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, February 2021–2022, France
Authors: Deroche Luc , Bellecave Pantxika , David Romain , Ouattara Eric , Garcia Magali , Roblot France , Boinot Laurence , Faucher Jean-François , Rejasse Aurélie , Gschwind Guillaume , Malvy Denis , Filleul Laurent , Rogez Sylvie , Lévêque Nicolas , Lafon Marie-Edith 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundSince 2021, 3 variants of concern (VOC) have spread to France, causing successive epidemic waves.ObjectivesTo describe the features of Alpha, Delta and Omicron VOC circulation in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, France, between February 2021 and February 2022.Study designData from the three university hospitals (UH) of Nouvelle-Aquitaine were used to describe regional SARS-CoV-2 circulation (RT-PCR positive rates and identified VOC) as well as its consequences (total number of hospitalizations and admissions in intensive care unit). They were analyzed according to the predominant variant and compared with national data.ResultsA total of 611,106 SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR tests were performed in the 3 Nouvelle-Aquitaine UH during the study period. The 37,750 positive samples were analyzed by variant-specific RT-PCR or whole-genome sequencing. In 2021, Alpha VOC was detected from week 5 until week 35. Delta became the most prevalent variant (77.3%) in week 26, reaching 100% in week 35. It was replaced by Omicron, which was initially detected week 48, represented 77% of positive samples in week 52 and was still predominant in February 2022. The RT-PCR positive rates were 4.3, 4.2, and 21.9% during the Alpha, Delta and Omicron waves, respectively. The ratio between intensive care unit admissions and total hospitalizations was lower during the Omicron wave than during the two previous waves due to the Alpha and Delta variants.ConclusionThis study highlighted the need for strong regional cooperation to achieve effective SARS-CoV-2 epidemiological surveillance, in close association with the public health authorities.
Gut microbiota and transcriptome dynamics in every-other-day fasting are associated with neuroprotection in rats with spinal cord injury
Authors: Wang Junyu , Zhao Xiaohua , Zhou Ruihan , Wang Meiyu , Xiang Wu , You Zilong , Li Min , Tang Ruiling , Zheng Jingqi , Li Jiayu , Zhu Li , Gao Jiaxin , Li Huaqiang , Pang Rizhao , Zhang Anren 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionEvery-other-day fasting (EODF) is a classical intermittent fasting (IF) mode with neuroprotective effects that promotes motor function recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats. However, its dynamic effects on the gut microbiota and spinal cord transcriptome remain unknown.MethodsIn this study, 16S rRNA sequencing and RNA-seq analysis were used to investigate the effects of ad libitum (AL) and EODF dietary modes on the structural characteristics of rat gut microbiota in rats and the spinal cord transcriptome at various time points after SCI induction.ResultsOur results showed that both dietary modes affected the bacterial community composition in SCI rats, with EODF treatment inducing and suppressing dynamic changes in the abundances of potentially anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory bacteria. Furthermore, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) enriched after EODF intervention in SCI rats were associated with various biological events, including immune inflammatory response, cell differentiation, protein modification, neural growth, and apoptosis. In particular, significant spatiotemporal differences were apparent in the DEGs associated with neuroprotection between the EODF and AL interventions. These DGEs were mainly focused on days 1, 3, and 7 after SCI. The relative abundance of certain genera was significantly correlated with DEGs associated with neuroprotective effects in the EODF-SCI group.DiscussionOur results showed that EODF treatment may exert neuroprotective effects by modulating the transcriptome expression profile following SCI in rats. Furthermore, gut microbiota may be partially involved in mediating these effects.