bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Viviparity imparts a macroevolutionary signature of ecological opportunity in Liolaemus lizards
Authors: Domínguez-Guerrero Saúl , Esqu Damien , Burress Edward , Maciel-Mata Carlos A , Alencar Laura , Munoz Martha 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Viviparity has evolved ~120 times across squamate reptiles, and has facilitated the colonization of cold habitats, where oviparous species are scarce or absent. In turn, the ecological opportunity furnished by such colonization is predicted to accelerate phenotypic diversification and reconfigure phenotypic diversity. Yet, whether independent transitions to viviparity are associated with predictable shifts in the tempo and mode of phenotypic evolution remains unclear. Here, we investigated the association between live birth and rates and patterns of body size evolution in Liolaemus lizards, the most species-rich tetrapod genus from temperate regions. We find that viviparous species exhibit two-fold faster rates of body size evolution and ~20% larger optimal body sizes than their oviparous relatives. By exploring the association between live birth and different abiotic and biotic features through a causal modeling approach, we find that viviparity indirectly influences body size evolution in Liolaemus through shifts in thermal environment and structural microhabitat use. The catalyzing influence of viviparity on phenotypic evolution arises because it potentiates access to otherwise inaccessible sources of ecological opportunity. Accordingly, niche partitioning and release from antagonists in novel habitats likely favors rapid body size evolution and larger sizes in viviparous species, an outcome potentially repeated across the tree of life.
Tandem of conduction and radiation for solar-adaptive cooling blocks composed of recycled fabric.
Authors: Kim Gunwoo , Pal Sudip , Otoufat Tohid , Bae Hoyeon , Lee Sungkwon , Lee Hoik 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Radiative cooling technologies have had a significant impact on advancing carbon neutrality efforts by significantly improving passive cooling efficiency. The tandem of conduction and radiation enables the solar-adaptive radiative cooling through the insulating effect of materials along with solar absorption, which affects the thermal state of materials and enhances radiative thermal transfer from the surface under solar irradiation. This enhancement is achieved by utilizing the porous polymeric structure of materials, which facilitates improved conduction pathways along with solar reflectance while maintaining the effective emission of thermal radiation. In this particular scenario, blocks, which was made of recycled fibers, offer a great opportunity as solar-adaptive cooling materials, enabling their easy deployment for cooling applications. Herein, we have fabricated a porous block using fiber wastes that combines strong solar reflectance (92%), high thermal infrared emittance (~ 80%). The combination of effective solar reflection and thermal-infrared emission allows the fiber block to achieve high cooling performance of approximately 240 W/m² under solar irradiation. In addition, the fiber block works effectively for insulation during the night, thereby enhancing its heat retention capabilities. The economic and environmental advantages of the fiber block make it a cost-competitive and sustainable choice for near-market cooling technologies. This design is anticipated to expand the practical application range of passive cooling.
TFPsocialmedia: A Public Dataset for Studying Turkish Foreign Policy
Authors: Mehmetcik Hakan , Ganiz Murat Can , Koluk Melih , Yuksel Galip , Yilmaz Muslim , Ince Muhammed Mustafa , Tortumlu Emre 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives:
This data note introduces the TFPsocialmedia dataset, designed to aid social media researchers investigating Turkish Foreign Policy (TFP). With over 180 thousand tweets from 3,597 accounts across 27 countries, the dataset encompasses intricate social and communication networks. It facilitates analysis of political actors, public perceptions of foreign policy, and policy-related events around TFP. This study illuminates Turkey's representation within the Twitter community and highlights the efficacy of Twitter data in foreign policy analysis.
Data description:
The TFPsocialmedia dataset offers a comprehensive social media data for understanding Turkish Foreign Policy. Curated tweets capture nuances of political discourse, while the social network structure enables insightful research on public perceptions and foreign policy events. Researchers can employ the dataset to unravel online portrayals of Turkey and explore the utilization of Twitter data in foreign policy analysis. This resource is particularly valuable for scholars seeking a deep dive into the digital dimensions of international relations.
Adaptive Fuzzy Control of Stochastic Nonlinear Systems with Predefined Time via Self-Triggered Mechanism
Authors: Zhang Xu , Tan Jieqing , Wu Jian 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper is conducted on the adaptive fuzzy predefined time tracking control problem for a class of non-strict feedback stochastic nonlinear systems with input delay and error boundary constraints. Based on the fixed-time stability criterion for stochastic nonlinear systems, the stability criteria for the practically predefined time of the stochastic nonlinear system is developed. Additionally, an auxiliary system is constructed to address the computational complexity caused by the input delay, and an adaptive fuzzy controller is designed using backstepping technique via self-triggering mechanism. Under the proposed control scheme, it can be proven that the tracking error converges within a dynamically defined boundary within a predefined time, independent of the initial state and system parameters.
Following the developed the stability criteria for the practically predefined time, the closed-loop system stability analysis is completed.
Simulation results demonstrate the feasibility and superiority of the main findings.
The first 30 minutes hidden aftershocks of the 2022 Guanshan, Taiwan earthquake and its seismological implications
Authors: Huang Bor-Shouh , Ku Chin-Shang , Lin Chin-Jen , Lee Shiann-Jong , Chen Yen-Ling , Jiang Juen-Shi , Sun Wei-Fang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The first 30 minutes of the aftershock sequence following the 2022 September 17, ML 6.4,Guanshan, Taiwan earthquake is investigated by the back-projection (BP) method. Based on the Automatic Gain Control (AGC) to process individual earthquake record and sort waveforms by epicentral distance, 80 events are identified near the Guanshan earthquake epicenter to verify its temporal variation. However, most of these events cannot clearly image by the BP method to determine its spatial locations for its small amplitude and short time separation. In total, 29 aftershocks are imaged by this study to identify its spatial locations during this time period. The relocated events are compared with the Central Weather Bureau (CWB) rapid report catalogue. Only 5 events have been reported by the CWB rapid report catalogue. These unreported hidden aftershocks are identified to distribute surrounding the epicenter and extended to the east. This extracted information of hidden aftershocks is crucial for assessing the potential for future large aftershocks and estimating the associated seismic hazards in a given region, and provide extra message to evaluate the source physics in general.
Anthropometric Assessment of Obesity and Blood Pressure Control in Patients with Hypertension attending the Family Medicine Clinics of Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua Nigeria.
Authors: Oseni Tijani Idris Ahmad , Ahmed Sulaiman Dazumi , Oku Afiong Oboko , Ayoola Yekeen Ayodele , Udonwa Ndifreke Ekpo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction:
Obesity can be a major problem due to its potential to cause a number of health issues, including high blood pressure, diabetes and other cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the association between obesity as assessed by body mass index (BMI), waist hip ratio (WHR) and waist height ratio (WHtR) and blood pressure control among patients with hypertension attending the Family Medicine Clinics of Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, a semi-urban community in Edo State, southern Nigeria.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional study among 250 patients with hypertension attending the Family clinics of Irrua specialist Teaching hospital, aged 18 to 65 years. The anthropometric indices of consenting participants, including BMI, WHR, and WHtR were evaluated and blood pressure determined. Data was analysed using statistical package of Social Sciences version 24.0.
Result
Study participants had a mean age of 51.5 ± 10.0 years, with a mean BMI of 28.60 ± 5.71kg/m2. The median and interquartile range of the waist hip ratio and waist height ratio were 1.02 (1.01, 1.03) and 0.61 (0.58, 0.66) respectively. The proportion of obese participants, defined by WHtR, with uncontrolled BP was significantly higher than that for those with controlled BP (63.9% vs 47.5%; p = 0.024). Upon adjusting for sociodemographic variables, participants who were obese based on WHtR had 2.71 times the odds of having uncontrolled blood pressure compared to those who were not obese. This finding was statistically significant. (aOR = 2.71; 95% CI = 1.37–5.38; p = 0.004).
Conclusion
Anthropometric indices remain valuable predictors of blood pressure control. The WHtR, a measure of central obesity, compared to the BMI, was significantly associated with poor blood pressure control.
Who and what are represented in the IPCC’s assessments? Institutional diversity and the politics of representation in global environmental assessments
Authors: Standring Adam 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In line with the IPCC’s own mandate to select a more diverse group of experts to contribute to their assessments, the proportion of women and participants from the Global South has increased over recent assessment cycles. Criticisms remain, however, over the continued dominance of experts and institutions of the Global North, the relative place of different disciplinary and transdisciplinary knowledges in assessments, and the extent to which, once selected to participate, underrepresented groups have the space and opportunity to speak and be heard. Taken together, these criticisms point to a particular weakness of the diversity agenda – that once an imperative to diversity has been institutionalised, it becomes just another target or metric to be gamed. As a top-down, depoliticised measure, institutional diversity can serve to obscure – or even exacerbate – continued the institutional exclusion of marginalised groups. This article proposes a move away from the concentration on diversity as an indicator of the plurality and epistemic strength of an organisation, towards a focus on the politics representation. This move is radical in two specific ways: firstly, it entails more openness and transparency from the IPCC over how their assessments are produced. Representation cannot be easily quantified but must be observed and analysed qualitatively. Secondly, it understands that, unlike diversity, representation requires agency and capacity, signifying a different relationship between the IPCC and the participant. Representation is thus conceptualised as a more political, yet more impactful way of extending the IPCC’s policy (and social) relevance.
Risk-based Evaluation of ML Classification Methods Used for Medical Devices
Authors: Haimerl Martin , Reich Christoph 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: In the future, more and more medical devices will be based on machine learning (ML) methods. For such medical devices, the rating of risks is a crucial aspect and should be considered when evaluating their performance. This means that an integration of risks and their associated costs into the corresponding metrics should be taken into account. This paper addresses three key issues towards a risk-based evaluation of ML-based classification models.
Methods: First, it analyzes a selected set of scientific publications for determining how often risk-based metrics are currently utilized in the context of ML-based classification models. Second, it introduces an approach for evaluating such models where expected risks and associated costs are integrated into the corresponding performance metrics. Additionally, it analyzes the impact of different risk ratios on the resulting overall performance. For this purpose, an artificial model was used which allows to easily adapt key parameters. Third, the paper elaborates how such risk-based approaches relate to regulatory requirements in the field of medical devices. A set of use case scenarios were utilized to demonstrate necessities and practical implications, in this regard.
Results: With respect to the first research question, it was shown that currently most scientific publications do not include risk-based approaches for measuring performance. For the second topic, it was demonstrated that risk-based considerations have a substantial impact on the outcome. The relative increase of the resulting overall risks can go up 198%, i.e. the risk value almost triples, when the ratio between different types of risks (risk of false negatives in comparison to false positives) goes down/up to 0.1 or 10.0. As discussed within the third research question, this situation typically represents a case where the risk increases one level in the corresponding risk matrix. Based on this, it was demonstrated that differences in parameter settings lead to a substantially different behavior when risk factors are not addressed properly.
Conclusion: In summary, the paper demonstrates the necessity of a risk-based approach for the evaluation of ML-based medical devices, develops basic steps towards such an approach, and elaborates consequences which occur, when these steps are neglected.
Development of an automated region-of-interest-setting program based on a deep neural network for brain perfusion single photon emission computed tomography quantification methods
Authors: Tomimatsu Taeko , Yamashita Kosuke , Sakata Takumi , Kamezaki Ryosuke , Ikeda Ryuji , Shiraishi Shinya , Ito Shigeki 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A simple noninvasive microsphere (SIMS) method using 123I-IMP and an improved brain uptake ratio (IBUR) method using 99mTc-ECD for the quantitative measurement of regional cerebral blood flow have been recently reported. The input functions of these methods were determined using the administered dose, which was obtained by analyzing the time activity curve of the pulmonary artery (PA) for SIMS and the ascending aorta (AAo) for the IBUR methods for dynamic chest images. If the PA and AAo regions of interest (ROIs) can be determined using deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN) for segmentation, the accuracy of these ROI-setting methods can be improved through simple analytical operations to ensure repeatability and reproducibility. The purpose of this study was to develop new PA and AAo-ROI setting methods using a DCNN. A U-Net architecture based on convolutional neural networks was used to determine the PA and AAo candidate regions. Images of 290 patients who underwent 123I-IMP RI angiography and 108 patients who underwent 99mTc-ECD RI angiography were used. The PA and AAo results for the automated method were compared to those obtained using manual methods. The coincidence ratio for the locations of the PA and AAo-ROI obtained using the automated program and that for the manual methods was 100%. Strong correlations were observed between the DCNN and manual methods. New ROI-setting programs were developed using a DCNN for the SIMS and IBUR methods. The accuracy of these methods is comparable to that of the manual method.
Machine Learning-based Classifier to Decipher Immune Landscape of Uveal Melanoma and Predict Patient Outcomes
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Shen Ni , Jiang Aimin , Zhao Jiawei , Sang Yanzhi , Wang Anbang , Shen Wei , Gao Yu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Uveal melanoma (UVM) is influenced by immune infiltration features, making the analysis of UVM genomic and immune signatures crucial for predicting patient prognosis and identifying potential targeted therapies.To address this issue, we leveraged multi-omics data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and GEO datasets, especially immune infiltration data, to classify UVM into distinct immune-related subgroups using an unsupervised clustering algorithm. The resulting subgroups were denoted as uveal melanoma carcinoma subtype 1 (UMCS1) and subtype 2 (UMCS2). We further examined differences in the immune microenvironment, immunotherapy response, and tumor metabolic pathways between these subgroups, aiming to identify targets related to immune infiltration. Additionally, we devised a risk scoring system based on subtype-specific markers to forecast the prognosis of UVM patients. Performance evaluation of the risk scoring system was conducted using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, decision curve analysis (DCA), and calibration curves.Our analysis successfully identified two distinct subtypes of UVM patients, characterized by genomic mutations and disparities in the immune environment. These subtypes exhibited diverse clinical features and biological processes. The aggressive subtype, UMCS2, presented a higher TNM stage and poorer patient survival. UMCS2 was distinguished by elevated metabolism and increased immune infiltration. However, UMCS2 also demonstrated a higher tumor mutational burden and immune dysfunction, resulting in diminished responsiveness to immunotherapy. Notably, the two subgroups exhibited differential sensitivity to targeted drugs due to substantial variances in metabolic and immune environments, with UMCS2 displaying lower sensitivity. Finally, we developed a risk scoring system utilizing subtype-specific biomarkers and assessed its diagnostic performance for UVM patients, achieving satisfactory results through ROC curves, decision curve analysis, and calibration curves. Our findings suggest that the remodeled immunometabolic pathways and the immune microenvironment contribute to the relatively low sensitivity of UVM to immunotherapy. Targeting these mutated pathways and immune infiltrating molecules may potentially address the current treatment dilemma in UVM. Moreover, the newly developed risk assessment system not only aids in predicting patient prognosis but also facilitates the identification of suitable populations for combination therapy.
Honorary authorship is highly prevalent in health sciences: systematic review and meta-analysis of surveys
Authors: Reynders Reint A. Meursinge , Riet Gerben ter , Girolamo Nicola Di , Cavagnetto Davide , Malički Mario 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A systematic review and meta-analysis of survey research was conducted to estimate honorary authorship prevalence in health sciences. We searched PubMed, Lens.org, and Dimensions.ai. until January 5 2023. Methodological quality was assessed and quantitative syntheses were conducted. Nineteen surveys were included and rated as having low methodological quality. We found a pooled prevalence of 26% [95% CI 21–31](6 surveys, 2,758 respondents) of researchers that perceived co-author(s) as honorary on the publication at issue (when they were not referred to any authorship criteria). That prevalence was 18% [95% CI 15–21](11 surveys, 4,272 respondents) when researchers were referred to Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) authorship criteria, and 51% [95% CI 47–56](15 surveys, 5,111 respondents) when researchers were asked to declare their co-author(s) contributions on the publication at issue (and these were then compared to ICMJE criteria). 10% of researchers [95% CI 9–12](11 surveys, 3,663 respondents) reported being approached by others to include honorary author(s) on the publication at issue and 16% [95% CI 13–18](2 surveys, 823 respondents) admitted adding (an) honorary author(s). Survey research consistently indicates that honorary authorship in the health sciences is highly prevalent, however the quality of the surveys’ methods and reporting needs improvement. Registration and publication of the protocol. Our protocol was preregistered (https://osf.io/5nvar/) and published at: (https://systematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13643-022-01928-1)
Development of chronic kidney disease after major surgery
Authors: Meersch Melanie , Weiss Raphael , Strauß Christian , Albert Felix , booke Hendrik , Forni Lui , Pittet Jean-Francois , Kellum John A. , Rosner Mitchell , Mehta Ravindra , Bellomo Rinaldo , Rosenberger Peter , Zarbock Alexander 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant health care burden worldwide. However, little is known about its development after major surgery.
Methods
We conducted an international prospective, observational, multi-center study in 30 countries among patients undergoing major surgery. The primary study endpoint was the incidence of CKD (defined as new onset CKD with an eGFR < 60ml/min/1.73m2 at day 90). Secondary endpoints included the relationship between early postoperative-AKI (within 72h after major surgery) and development of postoperative CKD, the identification of risk factors for CKD, and the rate and risk factors for CKD progression in patients with pre-existing CKD.
Results
We studied 9,510 patients without pre-existing CKD. Of these, 940 (9.9%) developed CKD with 34.2% experiencing an episode of early postoperative-AKI. CKD rates significantly increased with the severity of early AKI (19.1% KDIGO1, 24.5% KDIGO2, 34.3% KDIGO3; P < 0.001) and duration (15.5% transient vs 38.3% persistent AKI; P < 0.001). Independent risk factors for CKD included early postoperative-AKI, exposure to perioperative nephrotoxic agents, and postoperative pneumonia. Early postoperative-AKI carried an independent odds ratio for CKD of 2.64 (95%-CI 2.21–3.15). Of 663 patients with pre-existing CKD, 42 (6.3%) had worsening CKD at day 90 as defined. In patients with CKD and an episode of early AKI, CKD progression occurred in 11.6%.
Conclusion
One in ten major surgery patients developed postoperative CKD, most of them without an episode of early postoperative-AKI. However, early postoperative-AKI severity and duration was associated with an increased rate of CKD with early postoperative-AKI being a major independent risk factor for CKD.
Clinical trial number:
The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04165369).