bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection among oral health care workers worldwide: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Bitencourt Fernando Valentim , Lia Erica Negrini , Pauletto Patrícia , Martins Carolina Castro , Stefani Cristine Miron , Massignan Carla , Canto Graziela De Luca 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis systematic review aimed to answer the following question ‘What are the worldwide prevalence of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and associated factors among oral health‐care workers (OHCWs) before vaccination?’MethodsSeven databases and registers as well as three grey databases were searched for observational studies in the field. Paired reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data and assessed the methodological quality. Overall seroprevalence for SARS‐CoV‐2 infection was analysed using a random‐effect model subgrouped by professional category. Meta‐regression was used to explore whether the Human Development Index (HDI) influenced the heterogeneity of results. The associated factors were narratively evaluated, and the certainty of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach.ResultsSeventeen studies were included (five cohorts and twelve cross‐sectional studies), summing 73 935 participants (54 585 dentists and 19 350 dental assistants/technicians) from 14 countries. The overall estimated pooled prevalence of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection among OHCWs was 9.3% (95% CI, 5.0%–14.7%; I2 = 100%, p < .01), being 9.5% for dentists (95% CI, 5.1%–15.0%; I2 = 100%, p < .01) and 11.6% for dental assistants/technicians (95% CI, 1.6%–27.4%; I2 = 99.0%, p < .01). In the meta‐regression, countries with lower HDI showed higher prevalence of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (p = .002). Age, comorbidities, gender, ethnicity, occupation, smoking, living in areas of greater deprivation, job role and location/municipalities, income and protective measures in dental settings were associated with positive serological SARS‐CoV‐2 test, with very low certainty of evidence.ConclusionsThe SARS‐CoV‐2 virus infected 9.3% of the OHCWs evaluated worldwide before vaccination. OHCWs should be included in policy considerations, continued research, monitoring and surveillance (PROSPERO CRD42021246520).
Brain structure and allelic associations in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Moon Seok Woo , Zhao Lu , Matloff William , Hobel Sam , Berger Ryan , Kwon Daehong , Kim Jaebum , Toga Arthur W. , Dinov Ivo D. ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlzheimer's disease (AD), the most prevalent form of dementia, affects 6.5 million Americans and over 50 million people globally. Clinical, genetic, and phenotypic studies of dementia provide some insights of the observed progressive neurodegenerative processes, however, the mechanisms underlying AD onset remain enigmatic.AimsThis paper examines late‐onset dementia‐related cognitive impairment utilizing neuroimaging‐genetics biomarker associations.Materials and MethodsThe participants, ages 65–85, included 266 healthy controls (HC), 572 volunteers with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 188 Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Genotype dosage data for AD‐associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were extracted from the imputed ADNI genetics archive using sample‐major additive coding. Such 29 SNPs were selected, representing a subset of independent SNPs reported to be highly associated with AD in a recent AD meta‐GWAS study by Jansen and colleagues.ResultsWe identified the significant correlations between the 29 genomic markers (GMs) and the 200 neuroimaging markers (NIMs). The odds ratios and relative risks for AD and MCI (relative to HC) were predicted using multinomial linear models.DiscussionIn the HC and MCI cohorts, mainly cortical thickness measures were associated with GMs, whereas the AD cohort exhibited different GM‐NIM relations. Network patterns within the HC and AD groups were distinct in cortical thickness, volume, and proportion of White to Gray Matter (pct), but not in the MCI cohort. Multinomial linear models of clinical diagnosis showed precisely the specific NIMs and GMs that were most impactful in discriminating between AD and HC, and between MCI and HC.ConclusionThis study suggests that advanced analytics provide mechanisms for exploring the interrelations between morphometric indicators and GMs. The findings may facilitate further clinical investigations of phenotypic associations that support deep systematic understanding of AD pathogenesis.
1043. SORBUS EMINENS: Rosaceae
Authors: Rich Tim C. G. , Barlow Gillian , Brown Andrew P. , Fay Michael F. 
Published: December 2022

SummarySorbus eminens, ROUND‐LEAVED WHITEBEAM is a tetraploid member of Sorbus subgenus Aria. The complex taxonomic history is summarised. This species is characterised by the large, unlobed, roundish leaves (sometimes likened in shape to a tennis ball) with rounded bases and few veins and usually acuminate, outwardly directed teeth, and large red fruits which are wider than long.
Developments in the design and delivery of self‐management support for children and young people with diabetes: A narrative synthesis of systematic reviews
Authors: Litchfield Ian , Barrett Timothy , Hamilton‐Shield Julian P. , Moore T. H. M. , Narendran Parth , Redwood Sabi , Searle Aidan , Uday Suma , Wheeler Jess , Greenfield Sheila 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimsFacilitated self‐management support programmes have become central to the treatment of chronic diseases including diabetes. For many children and young people with diabetes (CYPD), the impact on glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and a range of self‐management behaviours promised by these programmes remain unrealised. This warrants an appraisal of current thinking and the existing evidence to guide the development of programmes better targeted at this age group.MethodsCreate a narrative review of systematic reviews produced in the last 3 years that have explored the impact on CYPD of the four key elements of self‐management support programmes: education, instruction and advice including peer support; psychological counselling via a range of therapies; self‐monitoring, including diaries and telemetric devices; and telecare, the technology‐enabled follow‐up and support by healthcare providers.ResultsGames and gamification appear to offer a promising means of engaging and educating CYPD. Psychological interventions when delivered by trained practitioners, appear to improve HbA1c and quality of life although effect sizes were small. Technology‐enabled interactive diaries can increase the frequency of self‐monitoring and reduce levels of HbA1c. Telecare provided synchronously via telephone produced significant improvements in HbA1c.ConclusionsThe cost‐effective flexibility of increasing the reliance on technology is an attractive proposition; however, there are resource implications for digital connectivity in underserved populations. The need remains to improve the understanding of which elements of each component are most effective in a particular context, and how to optimise the influence and input of families, caregivers and peers.
COVID‐19 vaccine induced myocarditis in young males: A systematic review
Authors: Knudsen Benjamin , Prasad Vinay 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundMyocarditis is a rare but significant adverse event associated with COVID‐19 vaccination, especially for men under 40. If the risk of myocarditis is not stratified by pertinent risk factors, it may be diluted for high‐risk and inflated for low‐risk groups. We sought to assess how the risk of myocarditis is reported in the literature.MethodsIn accordance with PRISMA standards, we reviewed primary publications in PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar and MedRxiv (through 3/2022) and included studies that estimated the incidence of myocarditis/pericarditis after receiving either the BNT162b2 (Pfizer), mRNA‐1273 (Moderna) or Ad26COVS1 (Janssen) vaccine. The main outcome was the percentage of studies using 4, 3, 2, 1 or 0 stratifiers (i.e. sex, age, dose number and manufacturer) when reporting the highest risk of myocarditis. Secondary outcomes included the incidence of myocarditis in males after dose 1 and 2 of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer) or mRNA‐1273 (Moderna) vaccine.ResultsThe 29 included studies originated in North America, Europe, Asia, or were Worldwide. Of them, 28% (8/29) used all four stratifiers, and 45% (13/29) used 1 or 0 stratifiers. The highest incidence of myocarditis ranged from 8.1—39 cases per 100,000 persons (or doses) in studies using four stratifiers. Six studies reported an incidence greater than 15 cases per 100,000 persons (or doses) in males aged 12–24 after dose 2 of an mRNA‐based vaccine.ConclusionsOnly one in four articles reporting myocarditis used four stratifiers, and men younger than 40 receiving a second dose of an mRNA vaccine are at greatest risk.
Cardiac sympathetic innervation and mortality risk scores in patients with heart failure
Authors: Bencivenga Leonardo , Komici Klara , Paolillo Stefania , Nappi Carmela , Gargiulo Paola , Assante Roberta , Gambino Giuseppina , Santillo Fabio , Femminella Grazia Daniela , Corbi Grazia Maria , Ferrara Nicola , Cuocolo Alberto , Perrone‐Filardi Pasquale , Rengo Giuseppe 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionIn the risk stratification and selection of patients with heart failure (HF) eligible for implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) therapy, 123I‐meta‐IodineBenzylGuanidine (123I‐mIBG) scintigraphy has emerged as an effective non‐invasive method to assess cardiac adrenergic innervation. Similarly, clinical risk scores have been proposed to identify patients with HF at risk of all‐cause mortality, for whom the net clinical benefit of device implantation would presumably be lower. Nevertheless, the association between the two classes of tools, one suggestive of arrhythmic risk, the other of all‐cause mortality, needs further investigation.ObjectiveTo test the relationship between the risk scores for predicting mortality and cardiac sympathetic innervation, assessed through myocardial 123I‐mIBG imaging, in a population of patients with HF.MethodsIn HF patients undergoing 123I‐mIBG scintigraphy, eight risk stratification models were assessed: AAACC, FADES, MADIT, MADIT‐ICD non‐arrhythmic mortality score, PACE, Parkash, SHOCKED and Sjoblom. Cardiac adrenergic impairment was assessed by late heart‐to‐mediastinum ratio (H/M) <1.6.ResultsAmong 269 patients suffering from HF, late H/M showed significant negative correlation with all the predicting models, although generally weak, ranging from −0.15 (p = .013) for PACE to −0.32 (p < .001) for FADES. The scores showed poor discrimination for cardiac innervation, with areas under the curve (AUC) ranging from 0.546 for Parkash to 0.621 for FADES.ConclusionA weak association emerged among mortality risk scores and cardiac innervation, suggesting to integrate in clinical practice tools indicative of both arrhythmic and general mortality risks, when evaluating patients affected by HF eligible for device implantation.
Interferon gamma regulates a complex pro‐survival signal network in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Chen Yixiang , Shao Xiaoya , Yang Haiping , Ren Leiying , Cui Ying , Zhang Wenlu , Macip Salvador , Meng Xueqiong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundIt is known that the microenvironmental cytokine interferon gamma (IFN‐γ) provides a survival advantage for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells. However, the mechanisms involved in this effect have not been properly investigated.MethodsHerein, we conducted a comprehensive screening of the effects of IFN‐γ on signaling pathways and gene expression profiles in CLL cells by using western blotting, real‐time quantitative reverse transcription (RT‐qPCR) and high‐throughput RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq).ResultsWe found that IFN‐γ not only activated the pro‐survival signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), but also activated the protein kinase B and extracellular signal‐regulated kinase signaling pathways. RNA‐seq analysis showed that IFN‐γ stimulation changed the expression profiles of more than 500 genes, with 391 being up‐regulated and 123 down‐regulated. These genes are involved in numerous biological processes, including anti‐apoptosis, cell migration, and proliferation. IFN‐γ significantly up‐regulated the expression of CD38, BCL6, CXCL9, BCL2A1, SCOS3, IL‐10, HGF, EGFR, THBS‐1, FN1, and MUC1, which encode proteins potentially associated with disease progression, worse prognosis or poor response to treatment. Blocking janus kinases1/2 (JAK1/2) or STAT3 signal by specific inhibitors affected the expression of most genes, suggesting a pivotal role of the JAK1/2‐STAT3 pathway in IFN‐γ pro‐survival effects in CLL.ConclusionsOur data demonstrate that IFN‐γ regulates a complex pro‐survival signal network in CLL through JAK1/2‐STAT3, which provides a rational explanation for IFN‐γ promoting CLL cells survival and drug resistance.
Subjective emotion trajectories in couple therapy and associations with improvement in relationship satisfaction
Authors: Crenshaw Alexander O. , Libet Julian , Petty Karen , Teves Jenna B. , Huang Alice , Mitchell Jerez 
Published: December 2022

AbstractExisting couple therapies are generally effective for reducing romantic relationship distress and divorce, but therapy outcomes remain poor for many. Outcomes can be improved through greater understanding of session‐by‐session therapeutic processes, particularly in real‐world treatment settings. Modern couple therapy models commonly emphasize the importance of emotional experiences as key change processes, yet few empirical studies have tested the merits of this focus. The present study addresses this limitation by examining trajectories of subjective emotions and their association with change in a key relationship outcome, relationship satisfaction, among military veterans and their partners at a VA Medical Center. Partners rated their relationship satisfaction prior to couple therapy sessions and subjective emotions immediately after sessions. Consistent with hypotheses, both hard (e.g., anger) and soft (e.g., sadness) negative emotions decreased significantly over the course of therapy. Those couples with greater decreases in hard negative, but not soft negative, emotions showed significantly more improvement in relationship satisfaction. Positive emotions did not significantly change across couples in general, but those couples whose positive emotions did increase also showed more improvement in relationship satisfaction. These results suggest change in subjective emotions may be one process underlying improvement in couple therapy and lend empirical support to the emphasis on emotion‐based change processes underlying acceptance‐based and emotion‐focused couple therapies.
Agronomic, nutritive value, reproductive, cytogenetic, and molecular aspects of Paspalum accessions: Contribution to the development of new forage cultivars
Authors: Matta Frederico de Pina , Fávero Alessandra Pereira , Vigna Bianca Baccili Zanotto , Pozzobon Marisa Toniolo , de Medeiros Sergio Raposo , Júnior Waldomiro Barioni , Cavallari Marcelo Mattos 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study investigated the agronomic, nutritive value, cytogenetic, molecular, and reproductive aspects of twenty‐five Paspalum accessions to support breeding programs. The agronomic aspects and the nutritive value were evaluated in a randomized block experimental design with four replications, and with monthly repeated measures for 2 years. For the molecular characterization 16 microsatellite markers developed for different Paspalum species in previous works were used. The number of chromosomes was determined by visualizing the meiotic cells and the DNA content was determined by flow cytometry. The embryo sac clarification technique was used to characterize the reproductive system. The results indicated genetic variability for all the variables related to yield and nutritive value. For almost all variables, the values of Paspalum accessions were higher than those of the commercial cultivars Megathyrsus maximus cv. Tanzania and Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu, used as references. However, the accessions showed in vitro dry matter digestibility values lower than the mean value presented by the references. The groups formed in the molecular analysis showed correspondence to the groups observed in the principal components analysis, considering the variables related to yield and nutritive value. Most accessions were revealed to be tetraploid with 40 chromosomes and most accessions belonging to the Virgata group displayed a sexual embryo sac structure. Some crosses can be indicated for genetic breeding, due to a superior genomic affinity between the accessions and the higher probability of heterosis in the progeny. These results provide subsidies to genetic plant breeding programs that use these accessions.
Expression of autocrine motility factor receptor (AMFR) in human breast and lung invasive micropapillary carcinomas
Authors: Xu Jing , Ma Hongfei , Wang Qi , Zhang Hui 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological significance of autocrine motility factor receptor (AMFR) expression in a variety of human invasive micropapillary carcinomas (IMPC). AMFR expression was compared in 111 samples of a variety of human IMPCs which had intrinsic non‐micropapillary components and with 26 cases of control pulmonary adenocarcinoma (CPA, carcinoma without an IMPC component) by immunohistochemistry (IHC). In the 137 cases analysed, AMFR expression was significantly elevated in the IMPC components compared to the non‐IMPC components (p = .005) and normal tissues (p < .001). AMFR expression was also higher in the IMPC samples compared to their intrinsic non‐IMPC components (p = .0234). Between the 69 cases of lung IMPC and 26 cases of CPA, AMFR expression was notably higher in the IMPC components than in the CPA components (p = .0455). However, there was no significant difference between the non‐IMPC components in the lung and the CPA components (p = .4584). Moreover, in breast cancer, elevated AMFR expression was not significantly correlated with mixed type or pure type IMPC (p = .5969) or with age, gender, T stage, or lymph node metastasis (LNM). Between IMPC and CPA of the lung, there was no statistical significance in age, T stage, and LNM, where AMFR expression was higher in IMPC (p = .0071). Thus this study demonstrated that AMFR was overexpressed in a variety of human IMPC components compared with non‐micropapillary components. This suggests that AMFR expression is a potential new prognostic indicator for different types of human IMPC, which might thus be a new therapeutic target.
Fabrication of porous mullite‐based ceramic bricks from Al‐rich water treatment sludge and kaolinitic‐based clay
Authors: Darkwa Candy Ann Dwamena , Andrews Anthony , Darko Stephen Akosah , Asare George 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA large quantity of water treatment sludge (WTS) is generated yearly from Ghana's Weija water treatment plant. The sludge contains some heavy metals and other toxic chemicals, which must be managed to minimize environmental impact. In the current work, WTS was mixed with varying quantities of kaolinitic‐based clays (kaolin and lithomargic clays) to produce porous mullite‐based bricks. The bricks were fired at 1200°C for 1 h, and their properties were determined. Lithomargic clay‐based mixtures had less dimensional variation and were suitable to produce near‐net shape bricks compared to WTS‐based bricks. The addition of WTS increased the linear firing shrinkage and apparent porosity whilst decreasing bulk density and compressive strength. Porous mullite‐based bricks fabricated from lithomargic clay exhibited high compressive strength (6.3 MPa) at 10 wt.% WTS addition. The highest apparent porosity of 27% was attained at 40 wt.% WTS addition with compressive strength of 5.1 MPa and thermal conductivity of .5 W/m K.
Significance of second progression‐free survival in patients with advanced urothelial cancer who received platinum‐based combination chemotherapy followed by pembrolizumab
Authors: Sato Ryo , Inamoto Teruo , Matsushita Yuto , Takemura Ayana , Uchimoto Taizo , Sano Asuka , Tanaka Hiroki , Ishikawa Gaku , Watanabe Kyohei , Watanabe Hiromitsu , Tamura Keita , Motoyama Daisuke , Sugiyama Takayuki , Otsuka Atsushi , Harada Ken‐ichi , Azuma Haruhito , Miyake Hideaki 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesThe present study comprehensively investigated the significance of several factors reflecting the therapeutic effects of anticancer treatment on overall survival (OS) in advanced urothelial cancer (UC) patients receiving sequential systemic therapy.MethodsThis study included 101 consecutive advanced UC patients who received first‐line platinum‐based combination chemotherapy followed by second‐line pembrolizumab. The impacts of the following factors on OS in these patients were analyzed: responses to chemotherapy, responses to pembrolizumab, progression‐free survival (PFS) with chemotherapy, PFS with pembrolizumab, and second PFS (PFS2).ResultsThe median age of patients was 71 years, and 35 and 66 had UC in the upper urinary tract and bladder, respectively. objective response rate to first‐line chemotherapy and second‐line pembrolizumab were 37.6% and 19.8%, respectively. Median PFS with chemotherapy, pembrolizumab, and PFS2 were 5, 4, and 9 months, respectively. Uni‐ and multivariate analyses of the five factors examined identified PFS with pembrolizumab and PFS2 as independent surrogates for OS, with PFS2 (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.23) being more closely associated with OS than PFS with pembrolizumab (HR = 0.31). Furthermore, uni‐ and multivariate analyses of various prognostic parameters showed the independent impacts of baseline performance status (PS) and neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) on PFS2.ConclusionsThe present results suggest the potential of PFS2 as an optimal surrogate for OS in advanced UC patients receiving standard sequential systemic therapy and indicate that intensive treatment needs to be considered for those with poor PS and/or high NLR prior to the introduction of first‐line chemotherapy.
Significance of dorsal bladder neck involvement in predicting the progression of non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Nakamura Yuki , Fukushima Hiroshi , Yoshitomi Kasumi , Soma Takahiko , Kobayashi Masaki , Fan Bo , Fujiwara Motohiro , Ishikawa Yudai , Fukuda Shohei , Waseda Yuma , Tanaka Hajime , Yoshida Soichiro , Yokoyama Minato , Fujii Yasuhisa 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesAccurately predicting of progression is important for patients with non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). We previously reported that bladder neck involvement (BNI) was significantly associated with progression of NMIBC. In this study, we evaluated the prognostic significance of the detailed BNI location in NMIBC patients.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 651 patients diagnosed with primary NMIBC at a single center between 2000 and 2018. Using the detailed BNI location, patients were divided into the following three groups: dorsal BNI (BNId; 4 to 8 o'clock position), ventral BNI (BNIv; 8 to 4 o'clock but not 4 to 8 o'clock position), and non‐BNI group. Both time to progression to muscle‐invasive disease and distant metastasis was compared among the three groups. A prognostic model was developed and its discriminative ability was evaluated.ResultsDorsal bladder neck involvement and BNIv were observed in 43 (6.6%) and 36 (5.5%) patients, respectively. During a median follow‐up of 61 months, 35 (5.4%) patients progressed. The cumulative incidence at 5 years was 12%, 0%, and 5.0% in BNId, BNIv, and non‐BNI groups, respectively. On multivariate analysis, BNId was a significant and independent risk factor for progression, tumor stage pT1, and histologic grade G3. One point was assigned to each factor, and patients were classified into four well‐stratified prognostic groups based on the total score.ConclusionDorsal bladder neck involvement was an independent and significant risk factor for progression in primary NMIBC. Our simple and practical prognostic model including BNId is easy to use and may help selecting the optimal treatment and its timing.