bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hemodynamic monitoring in the human temporalis muscle using near-infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Rashid Anas , Roatta Silvestro 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objective. Altered temporal muscle perfusion is implicated in several painful disorders afflicting orofacial and head regions, including temporomandibular joint dysfunctions, bruxism, and headache. Knowledge about the regulation of blood supply to the temporalis muscle is limited, due to methodological difficulties. The study aimed to test the feasibility of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) monitoring of the human temporal muscle. Approach. Twenty-four healthy subjects were monitored with a 2-channel NIRS: a muscle probe placed over the temporal muscle and a brain probe placed on the forehead. A series of teeth clenching at 25, 50, and 75% of maximum voluntary contraction for 20 s and hyperventilation for 90 s at 20 mmHg of end-tidal CO2 were performed, to elicit hemodynamic changes in muscle and brain, respectively. Main results. In twenty responsive subjects, NIRS signals from both probes were consistently different during both tasks. The absolute change in tissue oxygenation index (ΔTOI) as detected by muscle and brain probes was −9.40 ± 12.28 and 0.29 ± 1.54% during teeth clenching (p < 0.01) at 50% maximum voluntary contraction, while −1.03 ± 2.70 and −5.11 ± 3.81% during hyperventilation (p < 0.01), respectively. Significance. Distinct response patterns were observed from the temporal muscle and prefrontal cortex which proves that this technique is adequate to monitor tissue oxygenation and hemodynamic changes in human temporal muscle. Noninvasive and reliable monitoring of hemodynamics in this muscle will help to extend basic and clinical investigations about the peculiar control of blood flow in head muscles.
Terahertz wideband modulator devices using phase change material switchable frequency selective surfaces
Authors: Barzegar-Parizi Saeedeh , Ebrahimi Amir , Ghorbani Kamran 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Phase change materials (PCMs) such as temperature sensitive materials have received considerable attention in the optics and THz regime because of the reversable switching of their electromagnetic properties. In this paper, wideband switchable absorbers based on vanadium dioxide (VO2) have been designed and simulated at the terahertz (THz) regime. The switching functionality is enabled by the phase change of the VO2 layer from a metal state to an insulator through the temperature transition. The phase change temperature is 68 °C. The first designed absorber shows a wideband absorption spectrum (fractional bandwidth of 92.3%) with absorptivity above 90% in the metal state, where conductivity of the VO2 layer is 200000 S m−1, whereas the absorptivity is less than 3% in the insulator state, when the conductivity of the VO2 reaches 200 S m−1. An equivalent circuit model-based analysis is presented for metal state. Based on the results, the extinction ration is less than –11 dB with 0.9 modulation depth for a wide frequency range from 2.2 to 5.87 THz. This makes the proposed structure a suitable candidate for broadband modulation at THz frequencies. An ultra-broadband absorption spectrum is achieved in the second design utilizing the stacked structure of two VO2 layers in metal state, where each layer acts as a resonator. This absorber prototype offers more than 90% absorptivity within 1.2–6.1 THz corresponding to a relative bandwidth of 135%.
Updated constraints on amplitude and tilt of the tensor primordial spectrum
Authors: Galloni Giacomo , Bartolo Nicola , Matarrese Sabino , Migliaccio Marina , Ricciardone Angelo , Vittorio Nicola 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We have taken a comprehensive approach to update the limits on the tensor-to-scalar ratio (r) and the tensor spectral index (nt
), using 10 datasets from the BICEP/Keck Array 2015 and 2018, Planck releases 3 and 4, and LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaboration. By fitting the complete ΛCDM+r+nt
model with two different approaches for the tensor sector, we have not only established which method is the most reliable, but have also achieved the strongest constraint on the tensor-to-scalar ratio in current literature: r < 0.028 and -1.37 < nt
< 0.42 at 95% confidence level. Furthermore, our examination of the common signal detected by the NANOGrav Collaboration further confirms that a simple power-law cannot reconcile the constraints from different datasets if the NANOGrav detection is due to a primordial inflationary gravitational wave background, as previously shown in the literature.
SEEGAtlas: A framework for the identification and classification of depth electrodes using clinical images
Authors: Zelmann Rina , Frauscher Birgit , Aro Renzo Phellan , Gueziri Houssem-Eddine , Collins D Louis 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objective. Accurate localization, classification, and visualization of intracranial electrodes are fundamental for analyzing intracranial electrographic recordings. While manual contact localization is the most common approach, it is time-consuming, prone to errors, and is particularly challenging and subjective in low quality images, which are common in clinical practice. Automatically locating and interactively visualizing where each of the 100–200 individual contacts records in the brain is essential for understanding the neural origins of intracranial EEG. Approach. We introduced the SEEGAtlas plugin for the IBIS system, an open-source software platform for image-guided neurosurgery and multi-modal image visualization. SEEGAtlas extends IBIS functionalities to semi-automatically locate depth-electrode contact coordinates and automatically label the tissue type and anatomical region in which each contact is located. To illustrate the capabilities of SEEGAtlas and to validate the algorithms, clinical magnetic resonance images (MRIs) before and after electrode implantation of ten patients with depth electrodes implanted to localize the origin of their epileptic seizures were analyzed. Main Results. Visually identified contact coordinates were compared with the coordinates obtained by SEEGAtlas, resulting in a median difference of 1.4 mm. The agreement was lower for MRIs with weak susceptibility artifacts than for high-quality images. The tissue type was classified with 86% agreement with visual inspection. The anatomical region was classified as having a median agreement across patients of 82%. Significance. The SEEGAtlas plugin is user-friendly and enables accurate localization and anatomical labeling of individual contacts along implanted electrodes, together with powerful visualization tools. Employing the open-source SEEGAtlas results in accurate analysis of the recorded intracranial electroencephalography (EEG), even when only suboptimal clinical imaging is available. A better understanding of the cortical origin of intracranial EEG would help improve clinical interpretation and answer fundamental questions of human neuroscience.
Complexity and quenches in models with three and four spin interactions
Authors: Gautam Mamta , Jaiswal Nitesh , Gill Ankit , Sarkar Tapobrata 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We study information theoretic quantities in models with three and four spin interactions. These models show distinctive characteristics compared to their nearest neighbour (NN) counterparts. Here, we quantify these in terms of the Nielsen complexity (NC) in static and quench scenarios, the Fubini–Study complexity (FSC), and the entanglement entropy (EE). The models that we study have a rich phase structure, and we show how the difference in the nature of phase transitions in these, compared to ones with NN interactions, result in different behaviour of information theoretic quantities, from ones known in the literature. For example, the derivative of the NC does not diverge but shows a discontinuity near continuous phase transitions, and the FSC may be regular and continuous across such transitions. We also study multiple quench scenarios in these models and contrast these with quenches in the transverse XY model. The EE shows a novel discontinuity both at first and second order quantum phase transitions.
Study on the Coupling System of Building Flexible Energy and Energy Storage on Power Grid Operation Performance
Authors: Bian Jiayu , Wang Yong , Zhang Zhiyu , Du Wenhan , He Yahui , Chen Weiwei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The flexible building energy storage coupling dispatching framework and optimal dispatching model have been established in this paper by using the multi-levels network dispatching analysis method of the grid system. It would include solving the optimization model with the objective function having the minimum standard deviation and the constraint conditions of charging and discharging power and capacity. Second, a simulation analysis who used an example is implemented based on the typical daily load of a Tianjin district. The findings indicate that: energy storage, construction, and flexible energy use The joint optimization’s respective standard deviations are 1.40, 1.59, and 1.24. The system’s power storage, peak-clipping, valley-filling, and other features have a greater impact than the flexible energy use of a standard structure. The building’s flexible energy use has a good peak shaving effect, which can compensate for the problems caused by the general battery energy storage system’s power and capacity limitations during the generation capacity period. In addition, the battery energy storage system can use the valley time to charge, resolving issues with valley filling optimization and the lack of flexible energy use in buildings. From this, it can be seen that the power storage system and the building’s flexible energy use jointly regulate the overall energy use performance of the structure, which not only achieves good peak load cutting and valley filling effect but also controls other issues such as frequent load fluctuations, large load peak valley difference, and other issues, ultimately leading to high energy utilization in China.
Multi-objective combined dispatching optimization of pumped storage and thermal power
Authors: Xiong Zhi , Chen Feng , Guo Hengyuan , Ren Xiao , Zhang Jun , Wang Bo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
To realize precise and stable power grid dispatching, it is urgent to realize the combined scheduling of Pumped Storage and Thermal Power (PSTP). Considering some factors in the power system, a multi-objective combined optimization model of PSTP is proposed in this paper. Then, this paper proposes an improved multi-objective optimization algorithm base on deep reinforcement learning to solve the above model. Finally, this paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed multi-objective optimization model and finds that the model proposed in this paper sacrifices certain economic benefits but can reduce the system’s fluctuation and improve the power system’s reliability.
Study of Source Network Load and Storage Strategies and Models under Renewable Energy Access
Authors: Chen Hao , Liu Chao yang , Wang Bin bin , liang Yan , Wang Yong Li , Xu Miao miao , Li Yi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This paper briefly analyzed the operation mechanism and construction strategy of source grid load storage under the access of renewable energy, and discussed the method of constructing the source-grid-load-storage model under the access of renewable energy. The results of the study show that an economic efficiency of active distribution network operation can be improved by the coordinated optimisation of source network load storage.
Correlation Study Between Cooling Load and Temperature Sensitivity Considering the Cumulative Effect of Temperature
Authors: Ou Rui , Jiang Wen , Zhou Yuqing , Tang Wenzuo , Zhang Yi , He Kai 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
To study the correlation between cooling load and air temperature, this paper uses the maximum load comparison method to calculate the cooling load based on the actual load data of the power grid, and uses the temperature correction model to correct the daily maximum temperature, and then establishes a high-order regression model of cooling load and corrected air temperature. The method is applied to the sensitivity analysis of cooling load and air temperature in the Chongqing power grid and sub-regions, and the corresponding change law is obtained, which provides an important reference basis for the production and dispatch, optimal operation, and marketing of the power grid.
Low Carbon Optimal Scheduling of Integrated Energy Systems Based on Carbon Capture Devices
Authors: Wei Siming , Dai Renjie , Xu Jianwei , Li Tianyu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Carbon pollution has gradually become a serious environmental problem in recent years. The low-carbon optimization dispatch of the Integrated Energy Systems (IES) can realize the complementary and energy-use substitution of multiple energy sources and solve the problem of high carbon emission. In this paper, we first construct a system model and a carbon emission model. Then, we introduce carbon capture equipment into the system and construct a system optimization model with equipment constraints for each unit. Finally, we solve the proposed model with a complex solver in Matlab to verify the accuracy of the proposed model and the effectiveness of the method. The results show that the strategy can effectively reduce the carbon emissions of the IES.
Effective Water Injection Development Test for Rolling Outward Expansion of Low-grade Reservoir
Authors: Xu Hongyan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The development of ultra-low permeability reservoirs in the oilfield mainly involves a large proportion of ultra-low permeability and it is difficult to recover reserves because of scattered distribution, low reserve abundance, poor reservoir physical property, and great development difficulty as well as low production intensity, rapid production decline, and low stable production of oil wells. In order to speed up the development of undeveloped reserves and explore the effective technical approach to solve problems in low permeability and difficulty in recovering reservoirs, we carried out the effective water injection development test in the B1 test area. In this paper, in-depth research has been carried out in reservoir geological understanding, development well pattern design optimization, and advanced water injection technology research. Finally, a set of effective production technologies for low abundance reserves in complex geological conditions are formed, effective production in B1 Block that was hard to recover reserves is realized, the drilling success rate is improved greatly, and well pattern design optimization is achieved, advanced water injection efficient development technologies for low abundance reserves blocks are also developed. The demand for rolling production can be gradually extended to other oilfields, which has certain reference significance for the development practice of peripheral oilfields and similar small complex fault block oilfields.
Energy Optimal Scheduling Method of Microgrid with Wind and Solar Storage Based on Demand Response
Authors: Huang Jing , Wu Kui 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In the operation of a microgrid with wind and light storage, energy dispatching will directly affect its operating cost, which is a core technology of microgrid operation. This paper designs an energy optimization method for a microgrid with wind and solar storage based on demand response to realizing more scientific micro-power energy scheduling. Considering the wind-solar storage microgrid’s lowest demand response cost and other comprehensive costs, an energy-optimal scheduling model of the wind-solar storage microgrid is constructed. The model sets the constraints of energy storage devices and ties line transmission power and power balance. A model-solving algorithm based on an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is designed to realize the optimal energy scheduling of wind and solar storage microgrids. The experimental results show that the cost of microgrid operation has decreased in winter and summer after the optimal scheduling is implemented using the design method, and an excellent economic operation effect has been achieved.
Optimal Dispatching Method of Integrated Energy System of Electrothermal Interconnection Based on Energy Flow
Authors: Qian Kejun , Liu Yi , Li Yafei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Aiming at the problem that the total amount of coal consumption and the abandoned wind is too high in the actual operation of the current integrated energy system of electric heating and interconnection, this paper studies the design of the optimal dispatching method of the system from the angle of energy flow. The potential energy dissipation rate of the heat source, heat exchanger, heat pipe network, and other structures in the system is described in mathematical form, and a complete system energy flow model is constructed by combining them. On this basis, the heat load of system users is analyzed and predicted from the angle of energy flow. Finally, the system is divided into power and gas grid variables, optimized to realize distributed multi-objective optimal scheduling. By comparing the operation of the system before and after the optimal scheduling, it is found that the total coal consumption and the total abandoned wind during the system operation are reduced after the optimal scheduling, which proves that the optimal scheduling method has a very high practical application value.
Performance Analysis of Integrated Navigation of New Energy vehicle based on GPS+BDS-3 PPP/INS/ODO in complex Transmission Line Environment
Authors: Zhang Hui , Zhao Jian , Yu Jiangshun , Yu Rong , Liu Wei , Du Hao , Hu Wei , Liu Dandan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In a complex environment, the single navigation and positioning method has problems of poor accuracy, reliability, and integrity. This paper proposes a PPP/INS/ODO integrated navigation scheme of GPS+BDS-3. Using the GPS+BDS-3 dual system, the non-ionization combined PPP model is derived, the PPP/INS/ODO combined model is further given, and the processing strategy of time asynchrony and lever arm error is analyzed. Combining the odometer speed measurement information and non-integrity constraint information, it improves the positioning performance of integrated navigation to a certain extent. In the state of GPS+BDS-3 non-ionization combination, PPP and PPP/INS/ODO integrated navigation are analyzed respectively using the simulated dynamic, and new energy measured data. Through the experiment, it can be concluded that the positioning accuracy of the combination of GPS and Beidou 3 is higher than that of a single system to some extent. The PPP/INS/ODO integrated system can provide technical support for new energy vehicle navigation in complex environments with RMS better than 1m.
Research on Power Transmission Tower Planning Method Based on Real Terrain and Surface Feature
Authors: Li Yigang , Fang Zhenggang , Huang Qinghua , Zhang Baodong , Zhao Yong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
With the rapid development of power grid construction in China, the engineering construction conditions of overhead lines have changed. Further research is needed on the combination scheme of general design technical conditions of lines, tower planning, and design, etc., to meet the application requirements of the actual line projects in China for the general design of transmission line towers. This research adopts the pole and tower planning method that conforms to the real terrain and terrain conditions and considers the actual constraint information, such as the terrain, crossing trees, power lines, and railways, to carry out the planning and design of transmission line poles and towers.
Strain Monitoring of Overhead Transmission Line Based on Brillouin Scattering
Authors: Ouyang Xudong , Zou Xiaoming , Chen Liguang , Wei Zhixiong , Yang Liuhui 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The change in the optical fiber state and the status of transmission line often leads to the change of strain in its composite optical fiber. This paper attempts to use a commercial BOTDR (Brillouin optical time-domain reflectometry) to monitor the strain of optical fiber composited in transmission line. The Brillouin spectra of typical optical fiber used in the transmission line are measured by a commercial BOTDR at room temperature, the spectra are fitted and the key parameters are calculated, and then the strain along whole optical fiber is obtained by demodulation. The results show that BOTDR can effectively monitor the optical fiber strain, and the mean standard deviation of strain measured for multiple measurements under the same condition is only about 8 με, which can stastify the requirements of practical cases. The work of this paper lays a foundation for the strain measurement of transmission line.
Research on the Optimal Capacity Configuration Method of Park-type Wind-photovoltaic Storage Complementary Power Generation System
Authors: Yu Changle , Zhang Su , Shen Jianhua , Li Wenwen , Ji Yanchen , Wang Junqi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
At present, China’s installed renewable energy capacity is growing at a fast rate, and reasonable allocation of the wind turbine, photovoltaic, and energy storage capacity is a prerequisite to ensure the economic and reliable operation of the system. For the park-type grid-connected operation of the wind-photovoltaic storage system, in order to improve the stability of the system and make full use of the distribution grid resources, the operation strategy of the park-type wind-photovoltaic storage system is proposed, and the model of wind-photovoltaic storage is established respectively, and the economy and reliability of the system are considered comprehensively. The objective function of capacity configuration and the constraints of power system operation specification are set up, combined with the time-of-use electricity price, the charging of energy storage battery is preferred at the low valley, and the objective function is solved by a genetic algorithm according to the energy use characteristics of the park, and three configuration schemes are selected from the Pareto front solution. Finally, through the typical day analysis, the results show that the wind-photovoltaic storage capacity allocation method can effectively improve the economy of park operation and the quality of the park power supply.
Cause Analysis and Treatment of Abnormal Vibration of Hydraulic Generator Unit Caused by Coupling Defect
Authors: He Liangchao 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
When a hydropower station 25MW hydropower unit is operated with load after overhaul, the upper bracket vibration will exceed the standard. To find out the cause of the problem and eliminate the fault, the mechanical, electromagnetic, and hydraulic aspects are mainly analyzed and checked. The results show that the excessive vibration of the upper bracket of the unit is caused by the incomplete pre-tightening force between the coupling bolts of the turbine and generator of the unit, as well as the improper location and thickness of the padding. It is characterized by a vibration component whose frequency is between the rotational frequency and twice the rotational frequency. By fully pre-tightening the coupling bolts and restoring the original padding position and thickness, the vibration of the upper bracket, upper guide swing, and other data are significantly improved, and the desired purpose is achieved. The cause analysis and fault treatment of the abnormal vibration of the hydro-generator unit can provide some reference for diagnosing other similar faults.