bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of electronic patient records and encrypted email patient communication among Swiss chiropractors: a population-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Hincapié Cesar A , Hofstetter Léonie , Lalji Rahim , Korner Longin , Schläppi Mireille C , Leemann Serafin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: The implementation of electronic health information technologies is a key target for healthcare quality improvement. Among Swiss chiropractors, reliable data on the use of electronic heath information technologies and distribution of the health workforce was lacking. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of electronic patient record (EPR) and encrypted email communication use among Swiss chiropractors and describe the geographic distribution of chiropractors in Switzerland.
Methods: Population-based cross-sectional study of all active practising members of the Swiss Chiropractic Association (ChiroSuisse) between 3 December 2019 and 31 January 2020. We asked about clinician and practice characteristics, EPR use for clinical record keeping, use of encrypted email for patient communication, and information on EPR and encrypted email communication products used. Multivariable logistic regression analyses assessed the association between clinician and practice characteristics and (1) EPR use and (2) encrypted email use.
Results: Among 286 eligible Swiss chiropractors (193 [68%] men; mean age, 51.4 [SD, 11.2] years), 217 (76%) completed the survey (140 [65%] men; mean age 50.7 [11.2] years). The density of chiropractors in Switzerland was 3.3 per 100,000 inhabitants. 47% of respondents (95% confidence interval [CI], 40% to 54%) reported using an EPR in their practice, while 60% (95% CI, 54% to 67%) endorsed using encrypted email technology. Chiropractors aged ≥60 (versus those ≤39) years were 74% less likely to use an EPR system (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.77), while clinicians from practices with 4 or more chiropractors (versus those from solo practices) were over 5 times more likely to report EPR use (OR 5.6, 2.1 to 16.5). Findings for factors associated with encrypted email use were similar.
Conclusions: As of January 2020, 286 duly licensed chiropractors were available to provide musculoskeletal healthcare in Switzerland — just under 50% of Swiss chiropractors used an EPR system in clinical practice, while 60% used encrypted email technology. Better implementation of EPR and electronic health information technologies in Swiss chiropractic practice is possible and desirable for the purpose of musculoskeletal healthcare quality improvement.
Water stress may decelerate purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) invasion in arid environments
Authors: Eslami Seyed Vahid , Arpanahi Nosratollah Kerimi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Cyperus rotundus L. causes high yield losses in fruiting vegetables and cucurbits in eastern and southeastern parts of Iran. Greenhouse studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of degree and duration of water stress on growth, fecundity and biomass partitioning of purple nutsedge. The degree of water stress study included five treatments, where the amount of water applied to each pot at 3-day interval was equivalent to 100, 75, 50, 25, and 12.5% of pot water content. The study of water stress duration included six durations of water stress: 3-, 6-, 9-, 12-, 15- and 18-day intervals, where the amount of water applied to each pot was equivalent to 100% of pot water content. The greatest values for plant height, leaf area, shoot and tuber number and below- and aboveground biomass were recorded at 100% of pot water content and also at 3-day water stress duration, whereas they were reduced as degree and duration of water stress increased. This study shows that although C. rotundus is susceptible to water stress, it allocates greater biomass to underground organs under a higher degree and duration of water stress. This necessitates strategies that minimize water availability to purple nutsedge plants and inhibit new shoot and tuber production.
Device Physics and Design Principles of Mixed-dimensional Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Yuqi , Yang Zhenhai , Ma Tianshu , Ai Zhenhai , Bao Yining , Shi Luolei , Qin Linling , Cao Guoyang , Wang Changlei , Li Xiaofeng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Mixed-dimensional perovskites possess unique photoelectric properties and are widely used in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) to improve their efficiency and stability. However, there is a pressing need for a deeper understanding of the physical mechanisms and design principles of mixed-dimensional PSCs, as such knowledge gaps impose restrictions on unlocking the full potential of this kind of PSC. Here, we employ a 2D/3D PSC as an example to clarify the working mechanism of mixed-dimensional PSCs from the perspective of device physics and elaborate on the design rules of high-efficiency mixed-dimensional PSCs. Detailed simulation results indicate that the insertion of a layer of 2D perovskite between the 3D perovskite and the hole transport layer (HTL) could significantly reduce the recombination at the HTL/perovskite interface, and PSCs with a 2D/3D perovskite structure exhibit higher tolerance to material selectivity compared with their 3D counterparts. Additionally, the 2D/3D perovskite design could slow down ion migration and accumulation processes, thereby easing the hysteresis behavior of 2D/3D PSCs. Moreover, we also find that the 2D/3D perovskite structure has a more pronounced effect on improving the efficiency of wide-bandgap PSCs. Overall, this work sheds new light on mixed-dimensional PSCs, enabling better guidance for designing high-efficiency PSCs.
The PRESIDE (PhaRmacogEnomicS In DEpression) Trial: a double-blind randomised controlled trial of pharmacogenomic-informed prescribing of antidepressants on depression outcomes in patients with major depressive disorder in primary care.
Authors: Saya Sibel , Chondros Patty , Abela Anastasia , Mihalopolous Cathrine , Chatterton Mary Lou , Gunn Jane , Chen Timothy F , Polasek Thomas M , Dettmann Elise , Brooks Rachel , King Michelle , Spencer Luke , Alphonse Pavithran , Milton Shakira , Ramsay Georgia , Siviour Zoe , Liew Jamie J. M. , Ly Philip , Thoenig Matthew , Seychell Raushaan , Rocca Floriy La , Hesson Luke B , Mejias Nydia , Sivertsen Terri , Galea Melanie Anne , Bousman Chad , Emery Jon 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background:
The evidence for the clinical utility of pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing is growing and guidelines exist for the use of PGx testing to inform prescribing of 13 antidepressants. Although previous randomised controlled trials of PGx testing for antidepressant prescribing have shown an association with remission of depression in clinical psychiatric settings, few trials have focused on the primary care setting, where most antidepressant prescribing occurs.
Methods:
The PRESIDE trial is a stratified double-blinded randomised controlled superiority trial that aims to evaluate the impact of a PGx-informed antidepressant prescribing report (compared with standard prescribing using the Australian Therapeutic Guidelines) on depressive symptoms after 12 weeks, when delivered in primary care. Six hundred and seventy-two patients aged 18-65 years of general practitioners (GPs) in Victoria with moderate to severe depressive symptoms, measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) will be randomly allocated 1:1 to each arm using a computer-generated sequence. Participants and GPs will be blinded to study arm. The primary outcome is a difference between arms in the change of depressive symptoms, measured using the PHQ-9 after 12 weeks. Secondary outcomes include a difference between arms in change in PHQ-9 score at four, eight and 26 weeks, proportion in remission at 12 weeks, a change in side-effect profile of antidepressant medications, adherence to antidepressant medications, change in quality of life and cost-effectiveness of the intervention.
Discussion:
This trial will provide evidence as to whether PGx-informed antidepressant prescribing is clinically efficacious and cost-effective. It will inform national and international policy and guidelines about the use of PGx to select antidepressants for people with moderate to severe depressive symptoms presenting in primary care.
Trial registration: Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry, ACTRN12621000181808. Registered on 22nd February 2021.
Time-course inhibition evaluation of renal fibrosis with bardoxolone methyl in unilateral ureteral obstruction
Authors: Miyano Hiroki , Endo Amane , Mizutani Akira , Nakagawa Mayu , Sakuraya Koji , Murano Yayoi , Nishizaki Naoto , Fujinaga Shuichiro , Ohtomo Yoshiyuki , Shimizu Toshiaki 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Reactive oxygen species can aggravate of renal fibrosis, resulting in the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) as a biological defense factor. Nrf2 exerts a renoprotective effect by producing antioxidant response elements (AREs) that antagonize renal fibrosis. Recently, bardoxolone methyl (BARD), an Nrf2 activator, has attracted attention as a therapeutic agent for chronic kidney disease. We conducted a time course renoprotective evaluation of BARD administration among rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced renal injury.
Materials and methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats which underwent UUO received BARD for 2 weeks postoperatively to investigate its renoprotective effect using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and histopathological analyses of kidney samples.
Results: Compared with UUO, BARD administration reduced interstitial fibrotic area, causing a substantial decline in the frequency of ED-1–positive cells and the TGF-β area. RT-PCR also showed that BARD administration suppressed the expression of renal fibrotic factors and promoted AREs. Moreover, immunostaining for Nrf2 showed that BARD administration enhanced its activation and translocation to the nucleus.
Conclusions: Our results suggest that BARD induces nuclear activation of Nrf2 to activate AREsover time and enhances renal protection against inflammation and fibrosis caused by UUO.
Efficacy of High-fidelity Simulation in Advanced Life Support Training: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Zeng Qin , Wang Kai , Liu wei-xin , Zeng Jiu-zhi , Li Xing-lan , Zhang Qing-feng , Ren Shang-qing , Xu Wen-ming 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Simulation is an increasingly used novel method for the education of medical professionals.This study aimed to systematically review the efficacy of high-fidelity (HF) simulation compared with low-fidelity (LF) simulation or no simulation in advanced life support (ALS) training.Methods A comprehensive search of the PubMed, Chinese Biomedicine Database, Embase, CENTRAL, ISI, and China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database was performed to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the use of HF simulation in ACLS training. Quality assessment was based on the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 5.0.1. The primary outcome was the improvement of knowledge and skill performance. The secondary outcomes included the participants’ confidence and satisfaction at the course conclusion, skill performance at one year, skill performance in actual resuscitation, and patient outcomes. Data were synthesized using the RevMan 5.4 software.Results Altogether, 25 RCTs with a total of 1987 trainees were included in the meta-analysis. In the intervention group, 998 participants used HF manikins, whereas 989 participants received LF simulation-based or traditional training (classical training without simulation). Pooled data from the RCTs demonstrated a benefit in improvement of knowledge [standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.38; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.18–0.59, P = 0.0003, I2 = 71%] and skill performance (SMD = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.21–1.04, P = 0.003, I2 = 93%) for HF simulation when compared with LF simulation and traditional training. The subgroup analysis revealed a greater benefit in knowledge with HF simulation compared with traditional training at the course conclusion (SMD = 0.50; 95% CI: 0.17–0.83, P = 0.003, I2 = 67%). Studies measuring knowledge at three months, skill performance at one year, teamwork behaviors, participants’ satisfaction and confidence demonstrated no significant benefit for HF simulation.Conclusions Learners using HF simulation more significantly benefited from the ALS training in terms of knowledge and skill performance at the course conclusion. However, further research is necessary to enhance long-term retention of knowledge and skill in actual resuscitation and patient’s outcomes.
Comparative study of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Support Vector Regression (SVR) in rainfall-runoff modeling of Awash Belo Watershed, Awash River Basin, Ethiopia.
Authors: Belina Yonata , Kebede Asfaw 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Hydrologic practices and other hydrological applications can be conducted successfully only when the stream flow behavior in a river watershed is estimated accurately. In-depth use of several machine learning techniques has been made to comprehend this hydrological phenomenon. In cases of in-depth research on the comparison of machine learning algorithms, the literature is still lacking. This study compares the performance of Support Vector Regression (SVR) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) in rainfall-runoff modeling of the Awash Belo Watershed. The technique of optimal model input selection for the Machine learning method has been assessed using Auto Correlation and Cross-Correlation Functions. The optimal model input for this research was rainfall and discharge with their lag one and two. Four criteria have been chosen to assess the consistency between the recorded and predicted flow rates: the Root-Mean-Square Error, the Coefficient of Determination, Nash Sutcliff, and the Mean absolute error. The optimized parameters for these models were selected using the GridSearchCV optimization technique with 10 cross-validations. The daily runoff values computed using SVR and ANN models, and their corresponding daily discharges of 5 years during the testing periods (2001− 2005) were evaluated at R2, NSE, RMSE, and MAE with values 0.95, 0.95, 3.12, and 1.28 for ANN and 0.95, 0.96, 3, and 1.27 for SVR respectively. The two models showed comparable performance. Therefore, both model performs the same and can be applied to the study area to estimate flow rates for further investigation.
The lived experiences of Tuberculosis survivors during the COVID-19 pandemic and government lockdown in South Africa: a qualitative analysis
Authors: Scheunemann Ann , Moolla Aneesa , Mongwenyana Constance , Mkize Neliswe , Rassool Mohammed , Jezile Vuyokazi , Evans Denise 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Tuberculosis (TB) is a major health concern in South Africa, where prior to COVID-19 it was associated with more deaths than any other infectious disease. The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted gains made in the global response to TB, having a serious impact on the most vulnerable. COVID-19 and TB are both severe respiratory infections, where infection with the one place individuals at increased risk for negative health outcomes for the other. Even after completing TB treatment, TB survivors remain economically vulnerable and continue to be negatively affected by TB.Methods This cross-sectional qualitative study, which was part of a larger longitudinal study in South Africa, explored how TB survivors’ experienced the COVID-19 pandemic and government restrictions. Participants were identified through purposive sampling and were recruited and interviewed at a large public hospital in Gauteng. Data were analyzed thematically, using a constructivist research paradigm and both inductive and deductive codebook development.Results Participants (n = 11) were adults (24–74 years of age; more than half male or foreign nationals) who had successfully completed treatment for pulmonary TB in the past two years. Participants were generally found to be physically, socioeconomically, and emotionally vulnerable, with the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbating or causing a recurrence of many of the same stressors they had faced with TB. Coping strategies during COVID similarly mirrored those used during TB diagnosis and treatment, including social support, financial resources, distraction, spirituality, and inner strength.Conclusions Implications and suggestions for future directions include fostering and maintaining a strong network of social support for TB survivors.
Dioscoreae persimilis polysaccharide ameliorates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice through modulation of microbiota composition
Authors: Zhang Qian , Wu Guorong , Shen Shumin , Li Chong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a non-specific inflammatory bowel disease with a high rate of recurrence, development of novel therapeutic approaches with high efficacy and few adverse effects are still needed. Dioscoreae persimilis is an edible plant that is widely consumed a remedy for gastrointestinal diseases in traditional Chinese medicine. Polysaccharides have been proven to have protective effects on UC. However, the role of polysaccharides from D. persimilis in UC have not been studied. The refined D. persimilis Polysaccharide (DP), which consists of glucose and galactose, was extracted and purified using three-phase partitioning (TPP) method. The primary chemical and structural characteristics of DP were investigated by UV, FT-IR, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and high-performance gel-permeation chromatography (HPGPC). Based on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced UC in mice, the alleviatory effect of DP on UC was explored. DP was found to alleviate histopathological changes of colon, improve colonic antioxidant capacity and ameliorate inflammation response in colitis mice. Moreover, 16S rDNA sequencing of fecal revealed that DP could restore the diversity and composition of gut microbiota, especially up-regulates the abundance of Acetatifactor, Lachnospiraceae and Lactobacillus, and increase the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes. This study suggests DP may be used as a promising nutritional supplement to ameliorate colitis.
Adsorption of Methyl Orange and Methylene Blue from aqueous solutions using thermally treated biomass of pine leaves (Pinus kesiya)
Authors: Huynh Phuong Thao , Nguyen Duy-Khoi , Duong Bich-Ngoc , Nguyen Phi-Ho , Dinh Van-Phuc 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

The uptake of Methyl Orange (MO) and Methylene Blue (MB) from aqueous solutions onto Pine leaves (Pinus kesiya) was investigated in this work. The pine leaves was dried, grinded and thermally treated at 300 o C. Factors including pH solution, contact time, initial dye concentration were discovered to be relevant in the removal of dyes. Among four isotherm models (Langmuir, Sips, Freundlich, and Temkin), the experimental data was fitted the Langmuir model better than others. For MO and MB, the maximum Langmuir adsorption capacities were 136.99 mg.g − 1 and 140.85 mg.g − 1 , respectively. The kinetic studies demonstrated that the biosorption of MO and MB onto pine leaves was compatible with Elovich, pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intra-particle diffusion models. The thermodynamic studies showed that the uptake of the two dyes was regulated by physisorption, spontaneous, and endothermic in nature. Electrostatic interactions, as well as other non-covalent forces such as π–π interactions and hydrogen bonds, are mechanisms of dyes adsorption on heat treated pine leaves biomass. The current study found that pine leaves (Pinus kesiya) might be a potential biosorbent for the wastewater treatment due to their high availability and production, resulting in various environmental advantages.
Genetic Susceptibility of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms on Autosomal Recessive Primary Microcephaly Patients in Pakistani Population: A Case-Control and In-Silico Study
Authors: Aslam Komal , Anjum Iram , Aslam Kanwal , Haq Rukhama , Bashir Rasheeda 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH) is a rare genetic disorder that leads to reduced cerebral cortex caused by a mutation in corticogenesis. The expression of the Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene is involved in the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells, and VDRpolymorphisms have been associated with various neurological disorders. However, their relationship with MCPH has not been explored. This study aimed to investigate the association of VDRpolymorphisms with MCPH and its In-silico analysis.
Methods and Results
Blood samples of 64 MCPH patients and 52 controls were collected to genotype VDR SNPs (TaqI (rs731236), FokI (rs2228570) and BsmI (rs1544410)) . In-silico tools were also used to assess the effects of exonic SNPs on mRNA and protein structure and pathogenicity of exonic and intronic SNPs. The study found that serum 25-OH vitamin D3 levels were significantly different in MCPH patients and healthy controls (P=0.000). The genetic analysis showed that VDRpolymorphisms of FokI and BsmI were seven times more frequent in MCPH patients than in controls (P<0.05) and the dominant model for TaqI and recessive model for BsmI polymorphisms were also associated with the pathogenesis of MCPH. In-silico analysis showed that the pathogenicity effects of rs2228570 and rs1544410 are neutral while rs731236 causes a silent mutation which has no effect on VDR protein.
Conclusion
VDR polymorphisms of FokI and BsmI are associated with the risk of MCPH. These findings suggest that VDR polymorphisms play a role in MCPH, which could provide important insights for understanding the molecular mechanisms of the disease.