bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cosmological perturbations in the teleparallel analog of Horndeski gravity
Authors: Ahmedov Bobomurat , Dialektopoulos Konstantinos F. , Levi Said Jackson , Nosirov Abdurakhmon , Oikonomopoulou Zinovia , Yunusov Odil 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this work we study the cosmological perturbations in Bahamonde-Dialektopoulos-Levi Said (BDLS) theory, i.e. the teleparallel analog of Horndeski gravity. In order to understand the evolution of structure in a cosmological model, it is necessary to study its cosmology not only in the background but also perturbatively. Both Horndeski and its teleparallel analog have been analyzed a lot in the literature, but in order to study them quantitatively, we need to know their cosmological perturbations. That is why, we study here the scalar-vector-tensor decomposition of the theory and we also express the so-calledalphaparameters in terms of the arbitrary functions of the theory, that designate the deviation from the ΛCDM model. We have explored tensor, vector and scalar perturbation of the action up to second order, which drastically opens up new possibilities on searches in the parameter space of scalar-tensor theories in the context of observations.
Prediction Model based on Bagging and Boosting Ensemble Technique for Decision Support System of Autonomous Smart IIoT Smart Aquaponic System
Authors: Rodriguez Rani E , De Castro Joel T , Sansolis Evans B , Gerardo Bobby D , Byun Yung-Cheol 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The aqua-agriculture food sector, challenged by climate change, exploited biodiversity, food insecurity, water crisis, and global pandemic, urgently needs the sustainability transition and more sustainable practices. Sustainability transitions aim to transform current patterns of production and consumption into sustainable ones while enhancing the ecological and economic situation. This agenda is much possible with the integration of IIoT and AI/ML into the aqua agriculture. In this study, the researchers integrated a Prediction Model based on Bagging and Boosting Ensemble Technique in the Decision Support System of an Autonomous Smart IIoT Smart Aquaponic System that autonomously monitored, controlled, and managed the aquaponic systems.
Searches of lepton-flavour-violating decays of the Higgs boson with the ATLAS detector at the HL-LHC
Authors: Bhalla Naman Kumar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
These proceedings presents a study of the prospects of searches for lepton-flavour-violating decays of the Higgs boson into eτ and μτ final states with 3000 fb-1 of proton-proton collisions at √s = 14 TeV using the ATLAS detector at the HL-LHC. The expected HL-LHC results are estimated by extrapolating the recently published ATLAS search in the Run-2 dataset to the HL-LHC conditions, accounting for, among others, the potential reduction of uncertainties associated with particle reconstruction with the upgraded ATLAS detector, and predictions for better theoretical precision. The signatures of H → eτ and H → μτ are treated as independent signals, and two independent approaches of the background estimation are employed and compared.
Measure of negative ion density in a large negative ion source using Langmuir probes
Authors: Poggi C. , Spolaore M. , Barbisan M. , Brombin M. , Cavazzana R. , Marconato N. , Pasqualotto R. , Pimazzoni A. , Sartori E. , Serianni G. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Neutral Beam Injectors (NBIs) based on negative ions are the workhorses of future fusion
reactors, such as ITER, which they are expected to provide with up to 33 MW of power to heat
the fusion plasma. The negative hydrogen ions are extracted from a RF plasma, in which a magnetic
filter field cools down the electrons reaching the so-called expansion region
and allows the formation and survival of negative ions
near the apertures in the plasma grid. To further improve the
production of negative ions, cesium is usually evaporated inside the source and deposited onto the
plasma walls, reducing the work function of the surfaces. This dramatically increases the density
of negative hydrogen ions near the surfaces, causing the transition to an electronegative plasma
in the vicinity of the plasma grid. This condition can be observed with Langmuir probes, which can
then be used to provide a local meaurement of negative ion density in the ion source.

In this paper we use the measurements provided by the Langmuir probe sensors embedded in the plasma grid of SPIDER, the prototype ion source of ITER NBIs, to determine the density of negative ions. A fitting method based on the determination of the collection area of the different plasma species is proposed and adapted to SPIDER experimental condition, taking into account the shape of the probes and the local topology of the magnetic field. The method is then applied to the experimental data, determining the densities of the positive and negative ions and of the electrons during a plasma pulse. Finally, a vertical array of four probes in the plasma grid is used to assess the vertical profile of plasma parameters.
Mechanical activation of coal gasification fine slag and mechanical and thermal properties of coal gasification fine slag–poly(vinyl chloride) composites
Authors: Li Kangli , Teng Yanhua , Wang Kerui , Chen Long , Xue Changguo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
To facilitate the high-value utilization of activate coal gasification fine slag (CGFS), a wet mechanical activation process was used. As a result of this treatment, CGFS samples with different particle size distributions were obtained. The effects of mechanical activation on various physical and chemical properties of CGFS were investigated, including its particle size distribution, mineral composition, specific surface area, pore size, crystallinity, particle morphology, chemical bonding, and binding energy. Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/CGFS composites were prepared via a melt blending process, and their mechanical and thermal properties were evaluated. It was found that with increasing levels of mechanical activation, the CGFS particle size distribution became more concentrated and the particle spacing became more uniform. With the increasing mechanical activation, the crystallinity was found to decrease and the content of amorphous mineral matter (such as SiO2 and Al2O3) increased. The observed increase in specific surface area and decrease in average pore diameter due to the mechanical activation was seen to lead to an increase in the number of active sites. The produced PVC/CGFS composite materials were found to exhibit good mechanical properties and dynamic thermal stability. The thermal stability of the PVC composites was also found to improve relative to the composites produced without the use of mechanical activation.
Singular Weyl’s law with Ricci curvature bounded below
Authors: Dai Xianzhe , Honda Shouhei , Pan Jiayin , Wei Guofang 
Published: August 2023

We establish two surprising types of Weyl’s laws for some compact

RCD
⁡
(
K
,
N
)

\operatorname {RCD}(K, N)

/Ricci limit spaces. The first type could have power growth of any order (bigger than one). The other one has an order corrected by logarithm similar to some fractals even though the space is 2-dimensional. Moreover the limits in both types can be written in terms of the singular sets of null capacities, instead of the regular sets. These are the first examples with such features for

RCD
⁡
(
K
,
N
)

\operatorname {RCD}(K,N)

spaces. Our results depend crucially on analyzing and developing important properties of the examples constructed in Pan and Wei [Geom. Funct. Anal. 32 (2022), pp. 676–685], showing them isometric to the

α
\alpha

-Grushin halfplanes. Of independent interest, this also allows us to provide counterexamples to conjectures in Cheeger and Colding [J. Differential Geom. 46 (1997), pp. 406–480] and Kapovitch, Kell, and Ketterer [Math. Z. 301 (2022), pp. 3469–3502].
Toward an Account of the Nineteenth-Century Emergence of the Comparative Accusatorial/Inquisitorial Divide
Authors: Kessler Amalia D 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Although the terms “inquisitorial” and “accusatorial” (or as those in the common law world prefer, “adversarial”) are fixtures of the comparative literature on procedure, there remains considerable disagreement regarding their definitions and indeed whether to continue using them at all. Yet, despite these debates, we know remarkably little about how the terms first emerged as central to comparative analysis. This Article begins the work of recovering this neglected history. It argues that the immediate spark—especially in Germany, Italy, and France—was the ongoing debate over the French Code of Criminal Procedure, introduced through Napoleonic conquest into large portions of Europe. After the 1815 Congress of Vienna and its pact of restoration, extensive discussion arose regarding whether, and to what extent, to preserve French law—including criminal procedure. So too, in the ensuing nationalist awakening, debates raged over the constitutional foundations of government, pitting defenders of the old order against proponents of more liberal regimes. As these debates regarding criminal procedure and constitutional politics unfurled, they came to intertwine, and were framed in the 1830s in terms of the accusatorial/inquisitorial divide. Since no comprehensive account of these distinct, but intersecting, debates is possible within these brief pages, the Article focuses primarily on France—the country whose revolution and subsequent wars of conquest played such a decisive role in launching these pan-European arguments in the first place. Profoundly influenced by their liberal nationalist (and imperialist) commitments, as well as by their embrace of an historicist approach to law that was widespread among contemporary scholars, French jurists developed the accusatorial/inquisitorial distinction in ways that continue to reflect these core aspects of their mindset. This forgotten history highlights several deep-rooted continuities in how the accusatorial/inquisitorial terminology has long been deployed, affording valuable cautionary notes, while also pointing toward more fruitful lines of procedural inquiry.
Underground trees inhabit varied environmental extremes across the Afrotropics
Authors: Courtenay Anya P , Moonlight Peter W , Toby Pennington R , Lehmann Caroline E R 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Geoxyles, a distinctive feature of Afrotropical savannas and grasslands, survive recurrent disturbances by resprouting subshrub branches from large below-ground woody structures. Underground trees are a type of geoxyle that independently evolved within woody genera of at least 40 plant families in Africa. The environmental limits and determinants of underground tree biogeography are poorly understood, with the relative influence of frost and fire debated in particular. We aim to quantify variability in the niche of underground tree species relative to their taller, woody tree/shrub congeners.

Methods
Using occurrence records of four Afrotropical genera, Parinari (Chrysobalanaceae), Ozoroa (Anacardiaceae), Syzygium (Myrtaceae) and Lannea (Anacardiaceae), and environmental data of nine climate and disturbance variables, the biogeography and niche of underground trees are compared with their open and closed ecosystem congeners.

Key Results
Along multiple environmental gradients and in a multidimensional environmental space, underground trees inhabit significantly distinct and extreme environments relative to open and closed ecosystem congeners. Niche overlap is low among underground trees and their congeners, and also among underground trees of the four genera. Of the study taxa, Parinari underground trees inhabit hotter, drier and more seasonal environments where herbivory pressure is greatest. Ozoroa underground trees occupy relatively more fire-prone environments, while Syzygium underground trees sustain the highest frost frequency and occur in relatively wetter conditions with seasonal waterlogging. Lannea underground trees are associated with the lowest temperatures, highest precipitation, and varying exposure to disturbance.

Conclusions
While underground trees exhibit repeated convergent evolution, varied environments shape the ecology and biogeography of this iconic plant functional group. The multiplicity of extreme environments related to fire, frost, herbivory and waterlogging that different underground tree taxa occupy, and the distinctiveness of these environments, should be recognized in the management of African grassy ecosystems.
DeepICSH: a complex deep learning framework for identifying cell-specific silencers and their strength from the human genome
Authors: Zhang Tianjiao , Li Liangyu , Sun Hailong , Xu Dali , Wang Guohua 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Silencers are noncoding DNA sequence fragments located on the genome that suppress gene expression. The variation of silencers in specific cells is closely related to gene expression and cancer development. Computational approaches that exclusively rely on DNA sequence information for silencer identification fail to account for the cell specificity of silencers, resulting in diminished accuracy. Despite the discovery of several transcription factors and epigenetic modifications associated with silencers on the genome, there is still no definitive biological signal or combination thereof to fully characterize silencers, posing challenges in selecting suitable biological signals for their identification. Therefore, we propose a sophisticated deep learning framework called DeepICSH, which is based on multiple biological data sources. Specifically, DeepICSH leverages a deep convolutional neural network to automatically capture biologically relevant signal combinations strongly associated with silencers, originating from a diverse array of biological signals. Furthermore, the utilization of attention mechanisms facilitates the scoring and visualization of these signal combinations, whereas the employment of skip connections facilitates the fusion of multilevel sequence features and signal combinations, thereby empowering the accurate identification of silencers within specific cells. Extensive experiments on HepG2 and K562 cell line data sets demonstrate that DeepICSH outperforms state-of-the-art methods in silencer identification. Notably, we introduce for the first time a deep learning framework based on multi-omics data for classifying strong and weak silencers, achieving favorable performance. In conclusion, DeepICSH shows great promise for advancing the study and analysis of silencers in complex diseases. The source code is available at https://github.com/lyli1013/DeepICSH.
543 Is It the End of Hartmann’s Procedure for Perforated Diverticulitis with Peritonitis? an Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Elkomos B , Baqar S , Bhatti M , Hassan M , Nuno A , Mazhar M , Jhala M , Ebeidallah G , Alkomos M , Elkomos P 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Aim
Hartmann’s procedure is the standard technique in the management of perforated diverticulitis. However, many recent studies showed that primary resection and anastomosis have better outcomes. Our aim is to compare HP’s outcomes versus PRA for Hinchey III and IV acute diverticulitis.

Method
PUBMED, Scopus, and Web of science were searched from inception to September 2022 for all studies comparing the outcomes of HP versus RPA for perforated diverticulitis with peritonitis and a systematic review and meta-analysis were done.

Results
29 studies with a total of 4314 participants were included in our study. The pooled results of the included studies showed a remarkable decrease in mortality after PRA (Mortality, RR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.09-1.73, P = 0.007). However, PRA is associated with a slight increase in the incidence of leakage (Leakage, RR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.16-1.01, P = 0.05). Nevertheless, no difference in the overall incidence of complications between the two surgeries including SSI, wound dehiscence, bleeding, ileus and reoperation. (Overall incidence of complications, RR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.84-1.21, P = 0.95). However, PRA is associated with shorter hospital stays but longer operative time. Moreover, those who had PRA with ileostomy had a higher stoma closure rate in comparison to HP (Closure rate, RR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.49-0.81, P = 0.0003).

Conclusions
With a lower incidence of mortality, equal rates of complication and higher stoma reversal rates, RPA offers an excellent alternative to HP for perforated diverticulitis with purulent or feculent peritonitis.
496 The Role of Selenium as an Antioxidant in Protecting Against Free Radical Damage in Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: ElMenawy Z , Resen H 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Aim
To explore the effects of Selenium as an antioxidant on renal cell carcinoma cell lines (RCC).

Method
RCC cell lines under strict culture conditions were divided into two groups: control (group A) and experimental groups. Experimental groups were Selenium treated (group B), exposed to oxidative stress induced with H2O2 (group C), and oxidative stress induced with H2O2 followed by Selenium treatment (group D) and selenium treatment followed by oxidative stress induced by H2O2 (group E). Changes in the cell growth and its survival was evaluated in each group after 72 hours. Evaluation of the ROS was done using Cellular Reactive Oxygen Species Detection Assay Kit (Abcam; ab186029), and cell viability was measured using MTT reagent (Sigma; 11465007001).

Results
The generation of the ROS was significantly high in groups C (125.4% ± 14.6), D (132.9% ± 16.6) and E (135.3% ± 22.1) when compared to group A (100% ± 14) and B (91.7% ± 14.6). Moreover, the RCC cell viability was (98.7% ± 10.8) in group B compared to C, D and E (80.8% ± 5.4, 79.7%± 5.9 and 74.8% ± 8.8; respectively).
Moreover, an association was observed between viability of cells and ROS generation. The higher the ROS generation (group C, D and E), the lower was its viability. Likewise, the lower ROS generation (group B), the more viable were the cells.

Conclusions
The decreased generation of ROS in selenium treated group coupled with increased viability of cancer cells indicates the negative prognostic effect of selenium on RCC cells.
89 Frailty in Renal Transplantation: Retrospective Cohort Study to Examine the Impact of the New 2019 Kidney Offering Scheme on Older Transplant Recipients
Authors: Edginton O , George M , Ridgway D , Goldsmith P 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
In 2019, a new kidney offering scheme was launched in the United Kingdom, aiming to better match estimated patient survival and graft life expectancy. The impact of the scheme on older patients undergoing kidney transplantation (KT) is unknown.

Aim
This study aims to compare outcomes of elderly KT recipients before and after the introduction of the 2019 kidney offering scheme.

Method
A retrospective cohort study of two groups of elderly patients who underwent KT was undertaken. Group 1 included patients transplanted between 01/09/2017 and 31/08/2019 as part of the “2006 allocation scheme”. Group 2 included patients transplanted between 01/09/2019 and 31/08/2021 as part of the “2019 offering scheme”. An elderly patient was defined as any person over 60 years of age at the time of KT. Univariate binary logistic regression analysis was performed to determine odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals.

Results
There were 107 elderly deceased donor KT recipients; 62 from Group 1 and 45 from Group 2. The median age at transplantation was 68 years (62-71) and 67 years (64-73), respectively. Univariate analysis showed that level four HLA mismatch (OR 4.667 95%CI 1.640-13.275, p = 0.004) and a requirement for re-intervention (OR 6.496 95%CI 1.306-32.216, p = 0.022) were significantly more likely in the 2019 offering scheme. One year graft survival worsened on introduction of the 2019 offering scheme (85% vs 80%).

Conclusions
The introduction of the 2019 offering scheme has led to less favourable HLA matches, increased need for reintervention, and a lower one-year graft survival in elderly KT recipients.
396 Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Studies Comparing the Rate of Post Operative Periprosthetic Fracture Following Hip Arthroplasty with a Polished Taper Slip Versus Composite Beam Stem
Authors: Feathers J , Mabrouk A , Mahmood A , West R , Pandit H , Lamb J 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Aim
To compare the incidence of post-operative periprosthetic femoral fractures (POPFF) following hip replacement with either a cemented polished taper stem (PTS) or cemented composite beam stem (CB) in comparative studies.

Method
A systematic review of comparative studies, written in English, and published in peer-reviewed journals since year 2000 to 2021 was conducted using Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus. Methodology followed the Preferred Reporting items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Cohorts were classified as high or low risk of POPFF based on patient risk factors. Metanalysis was performed using a random effects model and relative incidence with 95% confidence intervals were reported.

Results
The overall study quality was good. 913,021 patients from 18 cohorts were included in the meta-analysis. 294,540 patients received a CB stem and 618,481 received a PTS stem. For patients at low risk of POPFF the incidence rate ratio (IRR) was 3.14 (CI: 2.48, 3.98) for the PTS group versus CB group. For patients at high risk of POPFF the IRR of 9.87 (CI: 3.63, 26.80) for the PTS group versus the CB group.

Conclusions
The risk of POPFF is lower when hip arthroplasty was performed using a composite beam stem versus a polished taper slip stem. This protective effect was greatest in patients with a higher risk of POPFF. Surgeons should consider the effect of cemented stem choice on risk of subsequent periprosthetic femur fracture, particularly in frail or elderly patients at risk of periprosthetic femoral fracture.
1131 Could Colorectal Cancer Surgery in the England Benefit from Centralisation? a Retrospective Nationwide Correlative Study
Authors: Ghandour O , Karimi A , Murphy J 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Although centralisation has shown benefit for uncommon cancers and high-risk surgeries, there is controversy regarding its benefit for common malignancies. Minor improvements in colorectal surgical morbidity and mortality have the potential to save lives and conserve limited hospital resources.

Aim
To investigate the relationship between number of major resection cases per hospital and patient outcome measures. The proposed hypothesis was that number of major cases per hospital is inversely proportional to 90-day mortality, 30-day unplanned readmission, and 2-year mortality rates.

Method
A correlative study using National Bowel Cancer Audit data from 2016-18 in England was performed. The target population was colorectal cancer patients requiring major resection surgery in England. Bivariate analysis was used to investigate the relationship between number of major resections per hospital, and: 90-day mortality, 30-day unplanned readmission, and 2-year mortality rates.

Results
Combined patient outcome measures from 56,347 cases across 145 hospitals over 2016-18 were assessed. Correlation coefficients demonstrated no significant correlation between the three studied outcome measures (90-Day mortality [r = 0.100, -0.067-0.257, p = 0.240]; 30-day unplanned readmission rate [r = 0.093,-0.073-0.270, p = 0.284]; 2-year mortality [r = -0.069, -0.236-0.097, p = 0.411]). There is insufficient evidence to conclude a statistically significant relationship between number of major resections per hospital and the patient outcomes studied.

Conclusions
Centralising care by increasing hospital volume is unlikely a solution to improving colorectal patient outcomes in England. This may reflect the UK’s dedicated colorectal surgical training and minimum resection numbers for accreditation. Further studies will need to assess variables such as surgeon volume and case-mix, particularly with regard to rectal surgery.