bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Could health scientists help advance interprofessional collaboration? A qualitative study on students’ views and perspectives on collaborative practice
Authors: Gysin Stefan , Wagner Aylin , Dawson-Townsend Kathryn , Schirlo Christian , Neuner-Jehle Stefan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Interprofessional collaboration (IPC) is a key strategy for improving health and social care. Health scientists, an emerging professional group with a system perspective on health care, could help advance collaborative practice. The aim of this study was to describe the experiences of first-year health sciences students with a newly introduced course on interprofessional and interdisciplinary collaboration, and to explore their views and perspectives on collaborative practice.
Methods
The course was implemented at the University of Lucerne, Switzerland, in Spring 2022, and covered the current evidence and challenges of IPC, tasks and competencies of various health professionals, and real-world interprofessional projects. We conducted seven individual interviews and one focus group discussion with health sciences students who attended the course. To analyze the data, a hybrid approach of thematic analysis was applied.
Results
The analysis resulted in three main themes: (1) key lessons from the course, (2) health sciences as a professional field, and (3) the role of health scientists in interprofessional teams. Students were open-minded and considered collaborative practice a highly relevant topic. They emphasized the multifaceted course program, the variety of different professional perspectives, and the practical experiences of the interprofessional faculty. The interviewees described health sciences as a broad and flexible field with a holistic approach that could potentially complement the expertise of specialists, and envisioned their role in facilitating the collaboration between different health professions as well as across health care sectors.
Conclusions
Our results provide first insights into the potential roles and tasks of health scientists in interprofessional teams from the student perspective. Their broad and interdisciplinary perspective could help facilitate IPC at the individual, institutional and system levels, thereby potentially improving health care.
Analysis of the LMS and NLMS Algorithms Using the Misalignment Norm
Authors: Lopes Paulo Alexandre Crisóstomo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This work describes the convergence of the misalignment square norm (MSN) of the NLMS and LMS algorithms. It is shown that the MSN decrease is almost proportional to the mean square error (MSE). This allows obtaining simple expressions for the steady-state MSE. Also, it allows limiting the amount of time that the MSE takes large values and a curve that limits the MSE of LMS at any given time, independent of the input and background noise signals' properties. Finally, it is also shown that many complications in the analysis of the LMS and NLMS algorithms can come from variations in the input vector square norm. The proposed analysis becomes very simple for long filters or constant power signals.
Effects of robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy on normal and glaucomatous eyes
Authors: Sakaue Yuta , Iikawa Ryu , Igarashi Ryoko , Togano Tetsuya , Akagi Tadamichi , Shirono Yuko , Kasahara Takashi , Tomita Yoshihiko , Fukuchi Takeo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe evaluated intraocular pressure (IOP) changes in normal and glaucomatous eyes during robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RARP) and the effects on visual function. We enrolled 52 patients with normal eyes and 12 patients with glaucoma who underwent RARP. IOP increased during Trendelenburg positioning. IOP under anesthesia in a steep Trendelenburg position at the end of the procedure was 29.4 ± 7.7 mmHg in normal eyes and 31.2 ± 5.2 mmHg in glaucomatous eyes. IOP returned to the level at the beginning of the operation when the patient was returned to the supine position. Mean IOP for each time point was similar in normal and glaucomatous eyes. None of the patients with normal eyes experienced the onset of glaucoma postoperatively. None of the patients with glaucomatous eyes had progression as assessed with optical coherence tomography and visual field tests up to 12 months after RARP. RARP appears to have little or no effect on the subsequent progression of glaucoma. Though it is certain that IOP increases during surgery, RARP might be considered acceptable for patients with mild to moderate stage of glaucoma.
Brain Tumor classification using BrainNet: A Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Wagh Atharwa , Bhosale Aniket , Singh Tripty , Nair Rekha R , Babu Tina 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Cancers of any type are life-threatening diseases and totally hamper normal body functions. One of the leading causes of death in both adults and children is malignant brain tumors. Asa result, detecting brain tumors in their early stages is critical for accurate diagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is commonly used to diagnose brain tumors. Brain tumors are complex due to extremely erratic shapes and locations and are challenging to fully understand the nature of the tumor. For MRI analysis, a skilled neurosurgeon is also required. Because there are frequently insufficient highly trained medical experts and a general lack of knowledge about tumors in developing countries, obtaining results from MRIs can be extremely difficult and time-consuming. To overcome this drawback of this, proposed a novel Convolution Neural Network(CNN)with BrainNet for the multiclass classification of tumors. The proposed BrianNet performs better than transfer learning models VGG13, VGG16, VGG19, Squeeznet, and InceptionResV2 which are pre-trained on the Imagenet dataset. The proposed CNN (BrainNet) architecture achieved a training accuracy of 99.96% and test accuracy of 97.71% and an average precision of 94.75%. Medical professionals can classify tumours with the aid of the proposed work.
Racial Differences in the Major Clinical Symptom Domains of Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Li Kevin , Richards Erica , Goes Fernando S. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Across clinical settings, black individuals are disproportionately less likely to receive a diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder (BD) and more likely to be diagnosed with Schizophrenia, a traditionally more severe and chronic disorder with lower expectations for remission. The causes of this disparity are likely multifactorial, ranging from the effects of implicit bias to developmental and lifelong effects of structural racism, to differing cultural manifestations of psychiatric symptoms and distress. While prior studies examining differences have found a greater preponderance of specific psychotic symptoms (such as persecutory delusions and hallucinations) and a more dysphoric/mixed mania presentation in Black individuals, these studies have been limited by a lack of systematic phenotypic assessment and small sample sizes. In the current report, we have combined data from two large multi-ethnic studies of BD with comparable semi-structured interviews to investigate differences in symptoms presentation across the major clinical domains of BD.
Results: In the combined meta-analysis, there were 4423 patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder type I, including 775 of self-reported as Black race. When symptom presentations were compared in Black relative to White individuals, differences were found across the major symptom domains of bipolar disorder. Psychotic symptoms, particularly persecutory hallucinations and persecutory and mood-incongruent delusions, were more prevalent in Black individuals with bipolar disorder type I (ORs = 1.26 to 2.45). In contrast, Black individuals endorsed fewer prototypical manic symptoms, with a notable decreased likelihood of endorsing abnormally elevated mood (OR = 0.44). Within depression associated symptoms, we found similar rates of mood or cognitive related symptoms, but higher rates of decreased appetite (OR = 1.32) and weight loss (OR = 1.40), as well as increased endorsement of initial, middle, and early-morning insomnia (ORs = 1.73 to 1.82). Concurrently, we found that black individuals with BP-1 were much less likely to be treated with mood stabilizers, such as lithium (OR = 0.45), carbamazepine (OR = 0.37) and lamotrigine (OR = 0.34), and moderately more likely to be on antipsychotic medications (OR = 1.25).
Conclusions: In two large studies spanning over a decade, we found highly consistent and enduring differences in symptoms across the major clinical domains of bipolar disorder. These differences were marked by greater burden of mood-incongruent psychotic symptoms, insomnia and irritability, and fewer prototypical symptoms of mania. While such symptoms warrant better recognition to reduce diagnostic disparities, they may also represent potential targets of treatment that can be addressed to mitigate persistent disparities in outcome.
A simulator for Goldmann Applanation Tonometry: a novel approach to training
Authors: Hojati Ashkhan , Yerrabelli Rahul S. , Amin Atish S. , Smith Alexander D. , Brozek Joshua 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Goldmann Applanation Tonometry (GAT) is the gold standard technique for measuring intraocular pressure (IOP) and an essential skill required early in clinical ophthalmic practice. Medical students, residents, and ophthalmic technicians often practice on real-life patients or courageous volunteers, increasing the chance of possible cross infections, corneal abrasions, and incorrect IOP measurements. The Goldmann Applanation Tonometry Simulator (GatSim) is a novel online application aimed to act as an adjunct to standard GAT training.
METHODS: A website was created using HTML and JavaScript ES6, tested on Google Chrome version 104, and hosted on GitHub. The user interface was designed to provide experiential learning via opportunities to practice the technical components of GAT including tonometer and mires positioning, real-time feedback, and new patient selection. The simulation was tested by our research team to ensure that it appropriately mimicked GAT in the user interface.
RESULTS: We developed a web application which simulates GAT. The latest version can be found at gatsim.com. Beginner operators can now gain initial experience on our model before seeing patients, a safety measure which may mitigate potential adverse events and improve overall outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: GatSim is the world’s first online Goldmann Applanation Tonometry simulator. Its utility is impactful, allowing students to learn the mechanics of GAT via an easy-to-use online application while also demonstrating the power of simulation in education. We hope such technology can help develop GAT trainee skill sets, minimize potential complications in the performance of GAT, and provide inspiration for future developments of online simulators.
Key conditions for the successful uptake and implementation of evidence-based practice in concurrent disorder nursing care with the ECHO Model: insights from a mixed methods study
Authors: Chicoine Gabrielle , Côté José , Pepin Jacinthe , Pluye Pierre , Jutras-Aswad Didier 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: People with concurrent mental health and substance use disorders have complex biopsychosocial problems, but risk not having their healthcare needs met. Nurses are positioned to meet these needs but often lack training in concurrent disorder management. Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO©) is a promising technology-enabled collaborative learning model used to implement evidence-based practice and build capacity among healthcare professionals in managing complex, chronic health conditions. This study aimed to understand how an ECHO program for concurrent disorder management impacts nurses’ competency development and clinical practice, and uncover key conditions for successful uptake and implementation.
Methods: We used a mixed-methods convergent design to collect, analyze, and interpret data from nurse participants in the first two years of a Canadian ECHO program for concurrent disorder management. Two studies were conducted simultaneously: (1) an uncontrolled before-and-after study using online surveys at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months to measure changes in nurse-related outcomes, with self-efficacy in concurrent disorder competencies as the primary outcome; and (2) a qualitative, interpretive description study using individual semi-structured interviews with a nurse subgroup, to explore how they developed and implemented competencies, and what factors influenced this process. Quantitative and qualitative results were then merged for comparison and complementarity, using the Pillar Integration Process.
Results: Six interrelated conditions were identified for successful uptake and implementation of evidence-based practice in nursing care: (1) Practice and validation opportunities; (2) Reciprocal and trusting relationships in an interprofessional learning environment; (3) Peer-to-peer experience sharing and mentoring; (4) Collaboration with experts; (5) Reinforcement of positive attitudes about professional work in complex or adverse situations; (6) Learning experiences that are team-based, tailored to the setting, and organizationally supported.
Conclusions: Outcome measures, perspectives, and experiences collected over 12 months indicated that ECHO contributed to nurses’ competency development and, under some conditions, to effective nursing practice changes. Given the challenges in implementing clinical guidelines in concurrent disorder nursing care, our results highlight the importance of understanding the key conditions for successful uptake and implementation. This informs approaches to optimally adapt implementation strategies to the needs and specificities of nurses, to obtain impactful, sustainable results.
Ketogenic diet enhances the effects of oxycodone in mice
Authors: Trinko R. , Diaz D. M. , Foscue E. , Thompson S.L. , Taylor J. R. , DiLeone R. J. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Opioids have been used to manage pain for thousands of years, but they have significant potential for abuse. Prescription opioids, like oxycodone, are associated with 32% of overdoses, that have reached a total of 75,673 deaths in 2021. A major challenge is maximizing their therapeutic potential while minimizing the negative side effects including opioid use disorder (OUD). The Ketogenic Diet (KD) has been reported to reduce pain and decrease the severity of alcohol use disorder, yet its effects on oxycodone remain unknown. KD mice displayed increased oxycodone-induced locomotor activity and enhanced antinociceptive effects of oxycodone, suggesting a dietary effect on opiate sensitivity. Male KD mice exposed to chronic oxycodone exhibited increased naloxone-induced jumps, suggesting a sex-specific effect of diet on opioid withdrawal. Consistent with this, male KD mice self-administered less oxycodone while female KD mice did not differ from controls. Finally, no effect of KD on motivation to obtain oxycodone was observed during a progressive ratio schedule. These data suggest sex-biased effects of KD on responses to opioids that should be considered and potentially leveraged in both pain management and treatment of OUD.
Wavelet Scattering Networks of Deep-Learning Features for Robust Discovery of Protein Markers in Rectal Cancer
Authors: Pham Tuan D. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Cancer biomarkers play a very important role for the disease diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of treatment response. In this study, expression levels of RhoB and DNp73 proteins in rectal cancer captured on immunohistochemical images were analyzed for predicting the 5-year survival time of two patient cohorts with and without preoperative radiotherapy. Applications of deep convolutional neural networks in medicine have been increasingly attracting attention in clinical cancer research. The success is mainly due to the power of extracting deep features of images that are very useful for machine learning. Another successful convolution-based method for feature extraction at multiple levels is wavelet scattering networks. This study combines the potential of these two convolution-based methods for robust image feature extraction of protein expression. The proposed approach was tested with samples of various tissue types (tumor, biopsy, metastasis, and normal condition adjacent to tumor). Statistical performance measures show very high rates in terms of prediction, classification and model accuracies, precision, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. The results suggest the usefulness of the double convolutional learning for assisting clinical researchers in timely validating and discovering cancer biomarkers.
A comparative study of femtosecond pulsed laser ablation of meloxicam in distilled water and in air
Authors: Nagy Eszter , Kopniczky Judit , Smausz Tamás , Náfrádi Máté , Alapi Tünde , Bohus János , Pajer Viktor , Szabó-Révész Piroska , Ambrus Rita , Hopp Béla 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The increasing prevalence of water insoluble or poorly soluble drugs calls for the development of new formulation methods. Common approaches include the reduction of particle size and degree of crystallinity. Pulsed laser ablation is a chemical-free technique for producing sub-micrometre sized drug particles and has the potential to induce amorphization. We studied the effect of femtosecond pulsed laser ablation (ELI ALPS THz pump laser system: λc = 781 nm, τ = 135 fs) on meloxicam in distilled water and in air. The ablated particles were characterized chemically, morphologically, in terms of size, crystallinity and thermal behaviour. Furthermore, we analyzed changes in the solubility as compared to the original material. We demonstrated that femtosecond laser ablation in both distilled water and air can be an effective particle size reduction technique, resulting in an increased saturation concentration of the drug. The mostly sub-micrometre sized particles showed signs of melting and decreased crystallinity. In case of femtosecond pulsed laser ablation in air meloxicam spheres were produced without the use of excipients. We aimed to describe the abalation processes in both unvestigated media.
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes improve brain tissue and functional recovery in mice with cerebral palsy
Authors: Chen Xingxing , Sai Yipa , Cui Weijing , Hu Xiaoxia , Liu Jing , Cao Xiaofeng , Wu Shili 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a neurodevelopmental and motor disorder syndrome threatening children’s physical and mental health. Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury and inflammation have been considered as the main causes of CP. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can repair brain tissue damage, and many studies have proved that exosomes from MSCs have a critical advantage in the central nervous system (CNS) disease. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the improvement effect of human umbilical cord MSC (hUC-MSC)-derived exosomes on CP and whether synergistic action existed when combined with mouse nerve growth factor (mNGF). Therefore, the exosomes were isolated from hUC-MSCs and examined using electron microscopy, particle size, and Western blot (WB). A CP model was constructed by hypoxic induction after unilateral common carotid artery ligation combined with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) infection. The pathological damage of neuron tissue and synaptic structure in the hippocampus was determined using a light microscope after hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. The survival of neurons was analyzed using Nissl staining. The WB analysis was performed to monitor postsynaptic density 95(PSD-95) and synaptophysin(SYN) protein levels. The results showed that exosomes released by hUC-MSCs could ameliorate the motor function in mice with CP by rescuing the impaired brain tissue, synaptic structure, and neuronal function with increased PSD-95 and SYN levels. When the exosome was combined with mNGF, an improvement in CP was found. The results indicated that the intravenously injected hUC-MSC-exosomes and intraperitoneal administration of mNGF alleviated the nerve function injury in mice with CP.
Mediastinal gray zone lymphoma in a pregnant woman presenting with cardiac tamponade
Authors: Alizadeasl Azin , Roudini Kamran , Hesami Mahshid , kosari Farid , Pouraliakbar Hamid Reza , Mohseni Mina , Dokhani Negar 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Mediastinal gray zone lymphoma is a newly recognized rare B cell neoplasm, which is challenging in diagnosis and treatment.
Case presentation: In the current study, we aimed to report a 25-year-old pregnant woman at 25 weeks of gestation who presented with chronic cough and progressive shortness of breath, hypotension, tachycardia, and tachypnea. A large circumferential pericardial effusion with compressive effect on the right atrium and right ventricle and a large extracardiac mass with external pressure to mediastinal structures was seen on trans thoracic echocardiography. The emergency pericardiocentesis was performed with the diagnosis of cardiac tamponade. Also, CMR revealed a huge heterogeneous anterior mediastinal mass, and the pathology and the immunohistochemistry of the mass biopsy revealed gray zone lymphoma with positive CD3, CD20, CD30, CD45, PAX5, and negative CD15 expression. Three courses of chemotherapy with the CHOP regimen were performed with an acceptable response every three weeks before delivery. An elective caesarian section was performed at 37 weeks without any problem for the patient and fetus. She had an appropriate health status, and chemotherapy will start three weeks after delivery.
Conclusion: Cardiac tamponade as an emergency condition occurred in this pregnant patient by malignant pericardial effusion and mediastinal mass pressure. Accurate diagnosis and on time interventions caused a significant improvement and a successful delivery.
Towards a Realistic MISO Simulation: Impact of Rectification
Authors: Pradhan Maheswar , Rao Suryachandra A. , Bhattacharya Amitabh 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
State-of-the-art coupled models have several limitations in representing the phase and amplitude characteristics of monsoon intra-seasonal oscillations (MISO). Specifically, the models' deficiencies in predicting stronger active spells have been widely reported in earlier studies. In the present study, we endeavour to overcome this limitation by better representing the diurnal cycle of the sea surface temperature and the associated feedback processes. In the present study, we demonstrate that resolving the diurnal cycle rectification in a state-of-the-art global coupled model improves the simulation of MISO. The present analysis showcases how rectification can modulate the oceanic, atmospheric and interfacial properties so that the coupled model can better simulate stronger active monsoon spells. The essential requirements for the coherent northward propagation mechanism of MISOs are pronounced in the presence of intra-seasonal rectification by diurnal SSTs.