bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A survey on clinical natural language processing in the United Kingdom from 2007 to 2022
Authors: Wu Honghan , Wang Minhong , Wu Jinge , Francis Farah , Chang Yun-Hsuan , Shavick Alex , Dong Hang , Poon Michael T. C. , Fitzpatrick Natalie , Levine Adam P. , Slater Luke T. , Handy Alex , Karwath Andreas , Gkoutos Georgios V. , Chelala Claude , Shah Anoop Dinesh , Stewart Robert , Collier Nigel , Alex Beatrice , Whiteley William , Sudlow Cathie , Roberts Angus , Dobson Richard J. B. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMuch of the knowledge and information needed for enabling high-quality clinical research is stored in free-text format. Natural language processing (NLP) has been used to extract information from these sources at scale for several decades. This paper aims to present a comprehensive review of clinical NLP for the past 15 years in the UK to identify the community, depict its evolution, analyse methodologies and applications, and identify the main barriers. We collect a dataset of clinical NLP projects (n = 94; £ = 41.97 m) funded by UK funders or the European Union’s funding programmes. Additionally, we extract details on 9 funders, 137 organisations, 139 persons and 431 research papers. Networks are created from timestamped data interlinking all entities, and network analysis is subsequently applied to generate insights. 431 publications are identified as part of a literature review, of which 107 are eligible for final analysis. Results show, not surprisingly, clinical NLP in the UK has increased substantially in the last 15 years: the total budget in the period of 2019–2022 was 80 times that of 2007–2010. However, the effort is required to deepen areas such as disease (sub-)phenotyping and broaden application domains. There is also a need to improve links between academia and industry and enable deployments in real-world settings for the realisation of clinical NLP’s great potential in care delivery. The major barriers include research and development access to hospital data, lack of capable computational resources in the right places, the scarcity of labelled data and barriers to sharing of pretrained models.
Single cell multi-omic reference atlases of non-human primate immune tissues reveals CD102 as a biomarker for long-lived plasma cells
Authors: Staupe Ryan P. , Lodge Kenneth E. , Thambi Nithya , Toole David , Tamburino Alex M. , Chang Dan , Howell Bonnie J. , Hazuda Daria J. , Vora Kalpit A. , Sullivan Nicole L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn response to infection or immunization, antibodies are produced that provide protection against re-exposure with the same pathogen. These antibodies can persist at high titers for decades and are maintained by bone marrow-resident long-lived plasma cells (LLPC). However, the durability of antibody responses to immunization varies amongst vaccines. It is unknown what factors contribute to the differential longevity of serum antibody responses and whether heterogeneity in LLPC contributes to this phenomenon. While LLPC differentiation has been studied extensively in mice, little is known about this population in humans or non-human primates (NHP). Here, we use multi-omic single-cell profiling to identify and characterize the LLPC compartment in NHP. We identify LLPC biomarkers including the marker CD102 and show that CD102 in combination with CD31 identifies LLPC in NHP bone marrow. Additionally, we find that CD102 is expressed by LLPC in mouse and humans. These results further our understanding of the LLPC compartment in NHP, identify biomarkers of LLPC, and provide tissue-specific single cell references for future studies.
Squat motion of a bipedal robot using real‐time kinematic prediction and whole‐body control
Authors: Cai Wenhan , Li Qingkai , Huang Songrui , Zhu Hongjin , Yang Yong , Zhao Mingguo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSquatting is a basic movement of bipedal robots, which is essential in robotic actions like jumping or picking up objects. Due to the intrinsic complex dynamics of bipedal robots, perfect squatting motion requires high‐performance motion planning and control algorithms. The standard academic solution combines model predictive control (MPC) with whole‐body control (WBC), which is usually computationally expensive and difficult to implement on practical robots with limited computing resources. The real‐time kinematic prediction (RKP) method is proposed, which considers upcoming reference motion trajectories and combines it with quadratic programming (QP)‐based WBC. Since the WBC handles the full robot dynamics and various constraints, the RKP only needs to adopt the linear kinematics in the robot's task space and to softly constrain the desired accelerations. Then, the computational cost of derived closed‐form RKP is greatly reduced. The RKP method is verified in simulation on a heavy‐loaded bipedal robot. The robot makes rapid and large‐amplitude squatting motions, which require close‐to‐limit torque outputs. Compared with the conventional QP‐based WBC method, the proposed method exhibits high adaptability to rough planning, which implies much less user interference in the robot's motion planning. Furthermore, like the MPC, the proposed method can prepare for upcoming motions in advance but requires much less computation time.
Multi‐objective optimal design for AC filters in high voltage direct current system based on improved multi‐objective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition
Authors: Shi Fan , Wang Honghua , Lu Tianhang , Huang Jiawei , Wang Chengliang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA triple‐objective optimal design method for AC filters in high voltage direct current (HVDC) system based on an improved multi‐objective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition (MOEA/D) is proposed. A triple‐objective optimisation mathematical model including total harmonic distortion (THD) on AC side voltage, investment cost of AC filters and telephone harmonic form factor (THFF) is established. An improved MOEA/D is proposed to realise the triple‐objective optimal design for AC filters more efficiently. The improved MOEA/D adds a particular mutation operator, which can not only to prevent MOEA/D from getting stuck at local optimum but also accelerate the convergence to the optimum solution while the algorithm approaches the neighbourhood of the optimum solution. A three‐dimensional fuzzy evaluation system is designed to select the optimum solution of the triple‐objective optimisation. A case of ±500 kV HVDC system is simulated. Taking the ±500 kV HVDC system as the prototype system, a dynamic simulation experimental platform of the rectification system of the direct current transmission system with AC filters is designed and established based on the similarity principle. Both the simulation and experimental results verify that the proposed method have excellent performance.
Real‐time video anomaly detection for smart surveillance
Authors: Ali Manal Mostafa 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHuman monitoring of surveillance cameras for anomaly detection may be a monotonous task as it requires constant attention to judge if the captured activities are anomalous or suspicious. This paper exploits background subtraction (BS), convolutional autoencoder, and object detection for a fully automated surveillance system. BS was performed by modelling each pixel as a mixture of Gaussians (MoG) to concatenate only the higher‐order learning in the foreground. Next, the foreground objects are fed to the convolutional autoencoders to filter out abnormal events from normal ones and automatically identify signs of threat and violence in real time. Then, object detection is introduced on the entire scene and the region of interest is highlighted with a bounding box to minimize human intervention in video stream processing. At recognition time, the network generates an alarm for the presence of an anomaly to notify of the identification of potentially suspicious actions. Finally, the complete system is validated upon several benchmark datasets and proved to be robust for complex video anomaly detection. The (AUC) average area under the curve for the frame‐level evaluation for all benchmarks is 94.94%. The best improvement ratio of AUC between the proposed system and state‐of‐the‐art methods is 7.7%.
Resonance analysis of multiple grid‐connected inverters’ series and parallel network
Authors: Li Jianwen , Li Rong , Ruan Xiaofei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMultiple inverters are connected to the distribution network with complex non‐linear loads and may interact with the background harmonics in some cases. In addition to the parallel resonance caused by the harmonic current, the harmonic voltage also causes the series resonance. The matching of frequencies of the resonance voltage and current results in serious distortion of the grid‐connected bus voltage waveform, or even threatens the stability of its operating point. A general method to analyze the network series and parallel resonance of multiple grid‐connected inverters is yet to be proposed. In view of this, the authors provide an inverter model and an analytical method to traverse all the resonance points. Two typical control inverters were modelled under the transfer function model, and the defects of the traditional modal analysis method in traversing the series resonance were analyzed. Then, the authors propose to use an improved modal analysis method by adding virtual branches for resonance analysis. The obtained analytical results are consistent with the frequency sweeping results and simulation results, verifying the effectiveness of the proposed method. In order to prove the generality of the proposed method for traversing the series and parallel resonance of multiple grid‐connected inverters, the inverter to suppress background harmonics of the grid voltage was incorporated into the multiple inverters network for case study. Using the improved modal analysis method to traverse the series and parallel resonance, the participation factor values of each node and loop under resonance mode were calculated. Finally, the proposed method was verified by hardware‐in‐the‐loop simulation, and the result shows its universality.
Occurrence rate of hot Jupiters orbiting red giant stars
Authors: Temmink Milou , Snellen Ignas A. G. 
Published: December 2022

Context. Hot Jupiters form an enigmatic class of object whose formation pathways are not yet clear. Determining their occurrence rates as a function of orbit, planet and stellar mass, and system age can be an important ingredient for understanding how they form. To date, various hot Jupiters have been discovered orbiting red giant stars, and deriving their incidence would be highly interesting.
Aims. In this study our aim is to determine the number of hot Jupiters in a well-defined sample of red giants, estimate their occurrence rate, and compare it with that for A-, F-, and G-type stars.
Methods. A sample of 14474 red giant stars, with estimated radii between 2 and 5 R⊙, was selected using Gaia to coincide with observations by the NASA TESS mission. Subsequently, the TESS light curves were searched for transits from hot Jupiters. The detection efficiency was determined using injected signals, and the results further corrected for the geometric transit probability to estimate the occurrence rate.
Results. Three previously confirmed hot Jupiters were found in the TESS data, in addition to one other TESS object of interest, and two M-dwarf companions. This results in an occurrence rate of 0.37−0.09+0.29%. Due to the still large uncertainties, this cannot be distinguished from that of A-, F-, and G-type stars. We argue that it is unlikely that planet engulfment in expanding red giants plays an important role in this sample.
Efficacy of a topical product combining esafoxolaner, eprinomectin and praziquantel against bedbug (Cimex lectularius) experimental infestations in cats
Authors: Tielemans Eric , Rautenbach Carin , Besselaar JF , Beugnet Frederic 
Published: December 2022

Bedbugs (Cimex lectularius) are a persistent nuisance pest for humans and their home environment, and may also opportunistically feed on other mammals, including household pets like dogs and cats. NexGard® Combo is a topical endectoparasiticide product for cats combining esafoxolaner, an isoxazoline compound with insecticidal and acaricidal properties, the nematocide eprinomectin and the cestocide praziquantel. The insecticidal efficacy of this product was evaluated in cats experimentally infested with C. lectularius in a blinded, negative controlled and randomized study. Two groups of 7 cats were formed: an untreated control group, and a NexGard® Combo group treated once on Day 0 at the label dose. Cats were then challenged weekly, each with twenty unfed adult C. lectularius, on Days 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28. After close contact with the cat’s skin for 15 min, live fed C. lectularius were collected and incubated for 96 h. The weekly efficacy evaluations were based on a comparison of the number of surviving bedbugs in the control and the treated group after 48, 72 and 96 h of incubation. The model was demonstrated to be robust as in the control group the average feeding rate after the 15-minute challenge was 94%, and as 96% of incubated bed bugs were alive after 96 hours of incubation. Significant live bedbug reductions were demonstrated in the Nexgard® Combo treated group: after 96 h of incubation, the reductions ranged from 80.6 to 88.0% during the Day 1 to Day 21 period, and dropped to 58% at Day 28.
Therapieadhärenz drei Monate nach Einleitung einer nichtinvasiven CPAP-Therapie bei 1078 Patienten mit obstruktiver Schlafapnoe (OSA)
Authors: Koehler Julian , Hildebrandt Olaf , Cassel Werner , Conradt Regina , Mayr Petra , Alter Peter , Viniol Christian 
Published: December 2022

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die nächtliche kontinuierliche positive Überdruckatmung (CPAP) gilt als therapeutischer Goldstandard einer obstruktiven Schlafapnoe (OSA). Die CPAP-Therapie stellt zumeist eine Dauertherapie mit geringen Nebenwirkungen dar. Trotzdem ist die Therapietreue unbefriedigend. In dieser Arbeit wurden die Therapietreue betrachtet und typische Probleme katalogisiert.
Methode 1078 OSA-Patienten wurden nach diagnostischer Polygrafie (PG) oder Polysomnografie (PSG) auf eine CPAP-Therapie eingestellt. Die Therapietreue wurde nach 3 Monaten nachverfolgt. Folgende Therapieadhärenz-Gruppen wurden festgelegt: 1. gute CPAP-Einstellung und Nutzung, 2. CPAP-Abbruch nach anfänglicher Nutzung, 3. mangelnde CPAP-Nutzung wegen Nebenwirkungen, 4. Abbruch aufgrund fehlender Motivation/geringem Leidensdruck, 5. Masken-Unverträglichkeit, 6. CPAP-Versagen aufgrund fehlenden Therapieeffekts, 7. Umstellung auf anderes Beatmungsverfahren, 8. keine Kontrolle erfolgt.
Ergebnisse Von 1078 CPAP-Patienten erschienen 830 Patienten (77 %) zur Therapiekontrolle. Hiervon waren 450 Patienten (54,2%) in Gruppe 1, 216 Patienten (26%) in Gruppe 2, 71 Patienten (8,5%) in Gruppe 3, 35 Patienten (4,2%) in Gruppe 4, 14 Patienten (1,7%) in Gruppe 5, 3 Patienten (0,4 %) in Gruppe 6 und 41 Patienten (4,9%) in Gruppe 7. Ein geringer obstruktiver Ereignisindex, niedriger CPAP-Druck und tendenziell auch ein geringer Epworth-Sleepiness-Score waren Prädiktoren für CPAP-Versagen. Für die Therapietreue konnten keine signifikanten Prädiktoren dargestellt werden.
Diskussion Eine effektive Therapienutzung von 54% nach 3 Monaten ist ein suboptimales Ergebnis. Prädiktoren für CPAP-Versagen waren Parameter, die vor Therapie auf geringen Leidensdruck der Patienten deuteten. Trotz großer Patientenkohorte konnten keine signifikanten CPAP-Adhärenz-Prädiktoren durch anthropometrische oder PSG-Daten dargestellt werden. Vielmehr könnten Erfahrungen in den ersten Therapietagen ausschlaggebend sein. CPAP-Geräte bieten Komforteinstellungen, die kenntnisgerecht auf den Patienten individualisiert werden müssen. Eine große Auswahl an unterschiedlichen Maskenformen erfordert Erfahrung und Training bei der patientenorientierten Maskenanpassung. Eine 3-monatige Wiedervorstellung erscheint zu lang, um Therapieprobleme zeitnah mit dem Patienten zu besprechen. Telemedizinische Möglichkeiten oder kurzfristige telefonische Beratungsoptionen sollten in Betracht gezogen werden.
Akute Atemwegsinfekte und Antibiotikaverordnungen: Welche Erwartungen haben Patient*innen?
Authors: Wollny Anja , Altiner Attila , Garbe Katharina , Klingenberg Anja , Kaufmann-Kolle Petra , Köppen Martina , Kamradt Martina , Poß-Doering Regina , Wensing Michel , Leyh Mirko , Voss Arwed , Feldmeier Gregor 
Published: December 2022

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Der Einsatz von Antibiotika in der Humanmedizin ist für den globalen Anstieg der Antibiotika-Resistenzen mitverantwortlich. Aufklärungskampagnen, Kommunikationstrainings und Verordnungsfeedback führten zu einer deutlichen Reduktion der Antibiotika-Verordnungen. Basierend auf Daten der Cluster-randomisierten Studie CHANGE-3 steht in der vorliegenden Analyse die Frage nach der patientenseitigen Erwartungshaltung für ein Antibiotikum bei akuten Atemwegsinfektionen im Mittelpunkt.
Methoden An der Untersuchung beteiligten sich 106 von 114 Hausarztpraxen in Baden-Württemberg und Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. 4736 Patient*innen, die von Oktober 2018 bis Mai 2019 mit akuten Atemwegsinfekten in die Praxen kamen, füllten nach der Arztkonsultation einen Fragebogen aus. Die Analyse erfolgte deskriptiv.
Ergebnisse 16,7 % der Patient*innen mit akuten Atemwegsinfekten gaben an, Antibiotika von ihren Hausärzt*innen erhalten zu haben. 13,3 % der Patient*innen hatten ein Antibiotikum erhofft und 5,5 % gaben an, die/den Hausärzt*in darum gebeten zu haben. Der geringste Anteil an Antibiotika-Verordnungen entfiel auf Patient*innen, die die Diagnose eines grippalen Infekts vom/von der Ärzt*in kommuniziert bekamen. Mit spezifischen Diagnosen in Abgrenzung zum unkomplizierten Atemwegsinfekt wurde ein Anstieg sowohl der Anzahl der erhofften als auch der verordneten Antibiotika beobachtet.
Diskussion Patient*innen erhalten nach wie vor häufiger Antibiotika, als es von ihnen erhofft wird. Auf Seiten der Hausärzt* innen könnten die Verordnungen nach wie vor aufgrund eines gefühlten Drucks durch die Patient*innen stattfinden, die sich jedoch so nicht in der Erwartungshaltung der Patient*innen widerspiegelt. Neben einer offenen Exploration der Erwartungshaltung der Patient*innen könnten die Stärkung ihrer Gesundheitskompetenz, eine achtsame Arzt-Patienten-Kommunikation und angebotene Wiedervorstellungsmöglichkeiten bei spezifischen Diagnosen den gefühlten Druck auf Seiten der Ärzt*innen weiter reduzieren.
Tandem-Praxen – Pädiatrische Sprechstunden in
Hausarzt-Praxen in ländlichen Regionen: ein
Kooperations-Experiment
Authors: Beyer Angelika , Moon Kilson , Leiz Maren , Hoffmann Wolfgang , van den Berg Neeltje 
Published: December 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die ambulant-pädiatrische Versorgung wird in
ländlichen Regionen häufig von Hausärzten
übernommen. Dies ist in vielen Fällen adäquat,
entspricht aber nicht dem Ziel der ambulanten Bedarfsplanung, die Versorgung
für alle gesetzlich Versicherten unabhängig von Wohnort oder
Einkommen patientennah und gleichermaßen zugänglich zu
gestalten. Eine Idee, fachärztliche Expertise regelmäßig
in die Versorgung einzubeziehen, ist die Durchführung von
pädiatrischen Sprechstunden in Hausarzt-Praxen (Tandem-Praxen). Neben
der Evaluation von Machbarkeit und Akzeptanz dieser neuen
interdisziplinären Kooperationsform wurde untersucht, ob damit der
räumliche Zugang zu pädiatrischer Versorgung verbessert
wird.
Methoden Zunächst wurden teilnahmebereite Hausärzte in
Orten gesucht, in denen der nächste Pädiater mehr als 20
Kilometer entfernt ist. Im Anschluss wurden Pädiater gewonnen, die
regelmäßig in den Hausarzt-Praxen Sprechstunden anbieten
wollten. Zur Evaluation der Feldphase (Dauer: 12 Monate) wurden folgende Daten
erhoben: Eltern-Fragebögen zum Zeitpunkt des Studieneinschlusses,
Ärzte-Fragebögen zu jeder Konsultation sowie Daten aus den
Praxisinformationssystemen der teilnehmenden Praxen. Es wurde ein
prozessbegleitendes Tagebuch geführt. Für die Beantwortung der
Frage nach einer Verbesserung des räumlichen Zugangs zu
pädiatrischer Versorgung wurden mit Hilfe eines Geo-Informations-Systems
Entfernungen zwischen Wohnort und der pädiatrischen
Versorgungsmöglichkeit vor und nach Projektstart berechnet.
Ergebnisse Im April 2019 wurden zwei Tandem-Sprechstunden implementiert,
die im Beobachtungszeitraum (12 Monate) von 192 Kindern und Jugendlichen
(50,2% weiblich) insgesamt 387mal aufgesucht wurden. Die
Pädiater gaben insgesamt 482 Vorstellungsgründe an, dies waren
in 36,9% Impfungen (n=178) und in 14,9%
Krankheits-Früherkennungs-Untersuchungen (n=72).
Häufigste ICD-10-Gruppen: Krankheiten des Atmungssystems (J00-J99:
8,5%, n=41) und Psychische und Verhaltensstörungen
(F00-F99: 7,7%, n=37). Die durchschnittliche Entfernung von der
Wohnung zur nächstgelegenen pädiatrischen Praxis betrug 20,2
Kilometer (Min 0,3; Max 34,8), zur Tandem-Praxis waren es 5,1 Kilometer (Min
0,1; Max 26,7).
Schlussfolgerung Alle beteiligten Ärzt*innen wollten nach
Projektende die Tandem-Sprechstunden weiterführen. Tandem-Praxen
können in verschiedener Ausprägung helfen, dauerhafte oder
vorübergehende Versorgungsengpässe insbesondere in
ländlichen Regionen auszugleichen.
The 50 Most Cited Publications in Adipose-Derived “Stem Cell Therapies” with Application in Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: Bi Andrew S. , Hernandez Hunter C. , Oeding Jacob F. , Strauss Eric J. , Campbell Kirk A. , Jazrawi Laith M. , Kennedy John G. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractStem cell therapies have become widely popular in orthopaedic surgery, with a recent interest in adipose-derived therapeutics. Adipose-derived mesenchymal signaling cells (ADSCs) and micronized adipose tissue (MAT) are unique therapies derived from different processing methods. Characterizing the most influential studies in lipoaspirate research can help clarify controversies in definitions, identify core literature, and further collective knowledge for educational purposes. The Science Citation Index Expanded subsection of the Web of Science Core Collection was systematically searched to identify the top 50 most cited publications (based on citation/year) on orthopaedic ADSCs or MAT research. Publication and study characteristics were extracted and reported using descriptive statistics. Level of evidence was assessed for applicable studies, and Spearman correlations were calculated to assess the relationship between citation data and level of evidence. The top 50 articles were published between the years 2003 and 2020, with 78% published in the year 2010 or later. The mean number of citations was 103.1 ± 81.1. The mean citation rate was 12.4 ± 6.0 citations per year. Of the 21 studies for which level of evidence was assessed, the majority were level III (10, 47.6%). The single study design most common among the top 50 cited articles was in vitro basic science studies (17 studies, 34%). Twenty-nine articles (58%) were classified as basic science or translational. Application to treat knee osteoarthritis was the most common focus of studies (14 studies, 28%), followed by in vitro analysis of growth factor and cell signaling markers (11 studies, 22%). No correlation was found between rank, citation rate, or year of publication and level of evidence. This study provides a current landscape on the most cited articles in lipoaspirates in orthopaedic surgery. With the expansion of ADSCs and MAT in the past two decades, this study provides the first historical landmark of the literature and a launching point for future research. Studies should explicitly state their processing methodology and whether their study investigates ADSCs or MAT to avoid misinformation.