bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DeepCNN: Spectro‐temporal feature representation for speech emotion recognition
Authors: Saleem Nasir , Gao Jiechao , Irfan Rizwana , Almadhor Ahmad , Rauf Hafiz Tayyab , Zhang Yudong , Kadry Seifedine 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSpeech emotion recognition (SER) is an important research problem in human‐computer interaction systems. The representation and extraction of features are significant challenges in SER systems. Despite the promising results of recent studies, they generally do not leverage progressive fusion techniques for effective feature representation and increasing receptive fields. To mitigate this problem, this article proposes DeepCNN, which is a fusion of spectral and temporal features of emotional speech by parallelising convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and a convolution layer‐based transformer. Two parallel CNNs are applied to extract the spectral features (2D‐CNN) and temporal features (1D‐CNN) representations. A 2D‐convolution layer‐based transformer module extracts spectro‐temporal features and concatenates them with features from parallel CNNs. The learnt low‐level concatenated features are then applied to a deep framework of convolutional blocks, which retrieves high‐level feature representation and subsequently categorises the emotional states using an attention gated recurrent unit and classification layer. This fusion technique results in a deeper hierarchical feature representation at a lower computational cost while simultaneously expanding the filter depth and reducing the feature map. The Berlin Database of Emotional Speech (EMO‐BD) and Interactive Emotional Dyadic Motion Capture (IEMOCAP) datasets are used in experiments to recognise distinct speech emotions. With efficient spectral and temporal feature representation, the proposed SER model achieves 94.2% accuracy for different emotions on the EMO‐BD and 81.1% accuracy on the IEMOCAP dataset respectively. The proposed SER system, DeepCNN, outperforms the baseline SER systems in terms of emotion recognition accuracy on the EMO‐BD and IEMOCAP datasets.
Deep K-band surface brightness photometry of dE galaxies
Authors: Pinter V. , Vaduvescu O. 
Published: May 2023

Context. Dwarf elliptical galaxies (dEs) are the most abundant in the Universe. Research into these objects in connection with late-type dwarf galaxies is important for evaluating theories of dwarf galaxy formation and evolution.
Aims. Our past studies (2000-2010) suggested a possible evolutionary link between early- and late-type dwarf galaxies. These results are based on deep near-infrared (NIR) surface photometry data of dwarf irregulars (dIs), blue compact dwarfs (BCDs), and a small sample of Virgo dEs. As a continuation of those works, in 2017 we embarked on a study of dEs using the same surface photometry methods, with the aim being to compare early- and late-type dwarfs based on homogeneous datasets.
Methods. We selected 74 dEs from two different environments for which we obtained deep images. Isophotal analysis was performed on the images to obtain surface brightness profiles. The two sampled environments were the Local Volume and Virgo cluster, which provide the possibility to compare isolated evolution against evolution in crowded environments. To compare dwarf datasets homogeneously, we used the NIR Ks band which is known to be a better gauge of galaxy mass, with reduced extinction compared to visible bands.
Results. In this first paper, we derive apparent physical parameters for 72 dEs from deep NIR imaging and provide preliminary fitting results of their surface brightness profiles. Two targets were undetected in the Ks images, indicating possible misclassification. Physical parameters of 16 dEs are measured for the first time and the parameters of the remaining 56 dEs are compared with the literature. We obtain a mean difference between the measured physical parameters and the results from prior studies of about 0.2″ for the galaxy center coordinates, ≈20″ for the semi-major axis, ≈0.4 mag for the total apparent magnitude, ≈0.11 for the ellipticity, and ≈14° for the position angle. We find well-fitting surface brightness profiles for the dEs using the hyperbolic secant (sech) model combined with an exponential component. Alternatively, we find good agreement with observations for a sech plus a de Vaucouleurs law.
Adressatengerechte Mobilitäts- und Teilhabeförderung im Pflegeheim
Authors: Drubig Ellen , Meyer Gabriele , Beutner Katrin 
Published: May 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Bewohner*innen von Pflegeheimen erleben häufig Einschränkungen ihrer Mobilität und Teilhabe durch körperliche und/oder kognitive Veränderungen sowie durch Kontextfaktoren des Settings Pflegeheim. Da Mobilität und Teilhabe Gradmesser für Lebensqualität und Selbstbestimmung sind, sollte dem Mobilitätserhalt von Pflegeheimbewohner*innen eine hohe Aufmerksamkeit zukommen. Spezielle Bewegungsprogramme können auch bei älteren Menschen den Gesundheitszustand und die Leistungsfähigkeit positiv beeinflussen und das Sturzrisiko senken. Um Mobilität durch Aktivierungs- und Bewegungsangebote effektiv zu fördern, müssen diese auf individuelle Voraussetzungen und Bedürfnisse der Bewohner*innen abzielen. Deren Wünsche und Bedürfnisse hinsichtlich ihrer Mobilität sind bisher aber kaum bekannt.
Ziel Untersuchung der subjektiven Perspektiven von Pflegeheimbewohner*innen hinsichtlich Mobilität und Teilhabe. Zudem wurde analysiert, inwieweit die individuelle Einschätzung ihrer Mobilität mit der Fremdeinschätzung von Pflegenden und ihrem tatsächlichen Mobilitätsstatus übereinstimmt.
Methode Es wurden 10 Interviews mit Pflegeheimbewohner*innen durchgeführt und anhand der inhaltlich strukturierenden Inhaltsanalyse nach Kuckartz ausgewertet. Das Mobilitätsassessment für den Vergleich der Selbst- und Fremdeinschätzung des Mobilitätsstatus der Bewohner*innen erfolgte mit dem Erfassungsbogen „Mobilität“ (EBoMo).
Ergebnisse Die Wünsche und Bedürfnisse der Bewohner*innen zu Mobilität und Teilhabe sind individuell sehr unterschiedlich, werden aber gegenüber Pflegeheimmitarbeitenden selten geäußert. Die Mehrzahl der Befragten wünscht sich eine Person mit gleichen Interessen für Gespräche. Zudem wurde deutlich, dass die Tagesgestaltung vom Ausmaß der körperlichen Mobilität abhängt. Der aktuelle Mobilitätsstatus wurde unterschiedlich eingeschätzt. Es dominierte eine Unterschätzung der Bewegungsfähigkeiten sowohl durch die befragten Bewohner*innen als auch durch die Pflegenden im Vergleich zur gemessenen Mobilität.
Schlussfolgerung Um Pflegeheimbewohner*innen ein größeres Maß an Teilhabe zu ermöglichen und sie körperlich und geistig zu fördern, benötigt es ein Bewusstsein für deren Bedürfnisse und Sichtweisen. Der regelmäßigen Erfassung vorhandener Fähigkeiten und Wünsche von Bewohner*innen sollte daher ein höherer Stellenwert als bisher zukommen, um eine adressatengerechte Bewegungs- und Teilhabeförderung im Alltag zu ermöglichen.
Technische Innovationen zur Optimierung der Ultraschallbildgebung
Authors: Seifert Philipp , Freesmeyer Martin , Dudwiesus Heiko 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungAufgrund der hohen Inzidenz von Schilddrüsenerkrankungen besitzt die Ultraschalluntersuchung des Halses in vielen nuklearmedizinischen Abteilungen einen hohen Stellenwert. Ein präzises Sonogramm mit hoher Ortsauflösung und Bildschärfe über den gesamten Abbildungsbereich bei gleichzeitig minimaler Artefaktbelastung, ist die Voraussetzung, um dem Anspruch hoher diagnostischer Genauigkeit in der modernen Medizin gerecht zu werden. In den letzten 20–30 Jahren konnte eine Vielzahl wegweisender technischer Innovationen, wie die Entwicklung des Matrix-Arrays, die elektronische Bildfokussierung, die multidirektionale Abstrahlung, die Artefaktlimitation durch Speckle-Reduktion und Harmonic Imaging sowie die Möglichkeit der Sichtfelderweiterung, umgesetzt werden.
Sensitive Measurement of Clinically Relevant Factor VIII Levels in Thrombin Generation Assays Requires Presence of Factor XIa
Authors: van de Berg Tom W. , Beckers Erik A. M. , Heubel-Moenen Floor C. J. I. , Henskens Yvonne M. C. , Thomassen M. Christella L. G. D. , Hackeng Tilman M. 
Published: May 2023

Background Hemophilia A (HA) is characterized by decreased or absent factor VIII (FVIII) activity. Current FVIII assays are based on clotting time and thus only provide information about the initiation of coagulation. In contrast, thrombin generation assays (TGAs) can be used to measure the full coagulation spectrum of initiation, propagation, and termination that provide information on the whole course of thrombin generation and inhibition. However, the commercially available TG kits lack sensitivity for measurements of hemophilia plasma within lower FVIII ranges, which is essential for explaining differences in bleeding phenotypes in hemophiliacs at clinically low levels of FVIII.
Aims Optimization of the TGA for measurements of low FVIII levels in severe HA patients.
Methods TGA measurements were performed in severe HA pooled plasma (n = 10). Investigations of several preanalytical and analytical variables of the assay were performed in a stepwise process and adjusted based on sensitivity toward intrinsic coagulation activation.
Results TGA initiated by tissue factor (TF) alone at varying concentrations was unable to significantly differentiate between FVIII levels below 20%. In contrast, TGA activation with low concentrations of TF in presence of FXIa appeared to be highly sensitive for FVIII changes both in high and low ranges. In addition, a representative TGA curve at trough levels could only be produced using the dual TF/FXIa TGA.
Conclusion We propose a critical optimization for the setup of the TGA for measurements in severe HA plasma. The dual TF/FXIa TGA shows increased sensitivity, especially in lower FVIII ranges, which allows for better individual characterization at baseline, prediction of interventions, and follow-up.
Association between Bioimpedance Spectroscopy and Magnetic Resonance Lymphangiography in the Diagnosis and Assessment of Lymphedema
Authors: Varagur Kaamya , Shetty Anup S. , Saoud Karim , Ochoa Esther , Skladman Rachel , Skolnick Gary B. , Sacks Justin M. , Christensen Joani M. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background This study assesses associations between bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) and magnetic resonance lymphangiography (MRL) in the staging and assessment of lymphedema.
Methods Adults who received MRL and BIS between 2020 and 2022 were included. We collected fluid, fat, and lymphedema severity ratings, and measured fluid stripe thickness, subcutaneous fat width, and lymphatic diameter on MRL. BIS lymphedema index (L-Dex) scores were collected from patient charts. We assessed sensitivity and specificity of L-Dex scores to detect MRL-identified lymphedema, and examined associations between L-Dex scores and MRL imaging measures.
Results Forty-eight limbs across 40 patients were included. L-Dex scores had 72.5% sensitivity and 87.5% specificity for detecting MRL-defined lymphedema, with a 96.7% estimated positive predictive value and 38.9% negative predictive value. L-Dex scores were associated with MRL fluid and fat content scores (p ≤ 0.05), and lymphedema severity (p = 0.01), with better discrimination between fluid than fat content levels on pairwise analysis, and poor discrimination between adjacent severity levels. L-Dex scores were correlated with distal and proximal limb fluid stripe thickness (distal: rho = 0.57, p < 0.01; proximal: rho = 0.58, p < 0.01), partially correlated with distal subcutaneous fat thickness when accounting for body mass index (rho = 0.34, p = 0.02), and were not correlated with lymphatic diameter (p = 0.25).
Conclusion L-Dex scores have high sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value for the identification of MRL-detected lymphedema. L-Dex has difficulty distinguishing between adjacent severity levels of lymphedema and a high false negative rate, explained in part by reduced discrimination between levels of fat accumulation.
In vitro Assessment of the Effects of Silybin on CYP2B6-mediated Metabolism
Authors: Zhang Wenwen , Zhang Yice , Wen Chengming , Jiang Xuehua , Wang Ling 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSilybin is a flavonol compound with a variety of physiological properties, such as hepatoprotective, anti-fibrogenic, and hypocholesterolemic effects. Although the in vivo and in
vitro effects of silybin are frequently reported, studies on herb–drug interactions have yet to be performed. With the discovery of multiple important substrates of CYP2B6 recently,
there is a growing body of evidence indicating that CYP2B6 plays a much larger role in human drug metabolism than previously thought.The purpose of this study is to determine how silybin affects the CYP2B6 enzymeʼs activity, as well as to clarify the molecular mechanisms for inhibition by silybin. The results showed that
silybin inhibited CYP2B6 activity in liver microsomes in a non-competitive manner, with IC50 and Ki values of 13.9 µM and 38.4 µM, respectively. Further investigations
revealed that silybin could down-regulate the expression of CYP2B6 protein in HepaRG cells. The hydrogen bond conformation of silybin in the active site of the CYP2B6 isoform was revealed by
a molecular docking study. Collectively, our findings verify that silybin is an inhibitor of CYP2B6 and explain the molecular mechanism of inhibition. This can lead to a better understanding
of the herb–drug interaction between silybin and the substrates of the CYP2B6 enzyme, as well as a more rational clinical use of silybin.
Surgical Outcome in Patients Undergoing Tympanoplasty Alone for Active Chronic Otitis Media Mucosal Type in Hilly Area
Authors: Balakrishnan Manu Coimbatore , Bhatia Abhijeet , Bhattacharjee Nirupam 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction Chronic otitis media (COM) is a common problem affecting 65 to 330 million population worldwide with 50% patients suffering from hearing impairment. In active COM, the usual clinical practice is to wait for the ear to become dry and to consider tympanoplasty with/without cortical mastoidectomy. If cortical mastoidectomy can be avoided without compromising the outcomes, it is desirable. Various prognostic factors have been studied; however, the effect of altitude on the outcome of tympanoplasty has not been commonly studied. High-altitude areas can have poor connectivity and can result in middle ear pressure changes when the patients commute from low-altitude areas.
Aim The aim of this article was to assess the surgical outcome in patients undergoing tympanoplasty for active COM mucosal type in comparison to inactive COM mucosal type in a hilly area located at an altitude of 4,757 ft (1,450 m).
Objective This article compared the success rate and audiometric improvement in patients undergoing tympanoplasty for active COM mucosal type and inactive COM mucosal type.
Materials and Methods This prospective cohort study included 24 patients with 12 patients each in active and inactive groups. At 3 months follow-up, there was significant improvement in all the air conduction threshold frequencies and air bone gap in both the groups.
Conclusion The success rate for our tympanoplasties for active and inactive COM performed in a hilly area was 92% and it was comparable to those reported from other centers. Altitude may not negatively affect the outcome of tympanoplasty and that the active ear COM can have similar success rate as inactive COM tympanoplasty.
Pre-established anthelmintic protocols in horses: low efficacy and unnecessary treatments highlight the need for strategic deworming
Authors: Neves Rafaella Back , Leme Denise Pereira , Bessa Fernando Jahn , Barros Giuliano P. de , Bricarello Patrizia Ana 
Published: May 2023

Context Deworming all horses with commercial anthelmintics on a rotational basis every 90 days is still popular worldwide. Aims To investigate anthelmintic resistance and therapeutic requirements of adult horses on the basis of faecal examinations after a rotation between commercial anthelmintics commonly used in Brazil. Methods We followed up faecal egg counts and coprocultures of 29 horses for 7 months, after pre-established anthelmintic treatments, every 3 months (August and November 2019 and February 2020). The following commercial anthelmintics were used respectively: moxidectin (1), ivermectin + praziquantel (2) and trichlorfon + mebendazole (3). Faecal egg count (FEC), FEC reduction tests (FECRT) and coproculture were performed before (Day 0) and after 14 days for each of the three treatments. Wilcoxon test (95% confidence level, P < 0.05) was used to test the efficacy of the treatment on the FECRT and the occurrence of resistance to the treatments used. Results The FEC results and percentage of individual FECRT indicated parasite resistance, and 82 of 87 (94%) deworming treatments were unnecessary. The efficacy rate was 78%, 34% and 53% for Treatments 1, 2 and 3 respectively. In the coprocultures before deworming, 98.5% were small strongyles, 1.1% Strongylus equinus and 0.4% Gyalocephalus capitatus. After deworming, 98.7% of parasites were small strongyles and 1.3% Dictyocaulus arnfieldi. FEC values at Day 0 and 14 days after anthelminthics were different (lower) only for the moxidectin treatment (U = 271.5; P-value <0.01). For both ivermectin + praziquantel (U = 373; P-value >0.05) and mebendazole + trichlorfon (U = 391; P-value >0.05) treatments, there was no difference in FEC between Day 0 and Day 14 at 95% confidence level. Conclusions The anthelmintics used in the deworming protocol of this study had reduced efficacy against the parasites identified in the coprocultures and the pre-established treatments were probably unnecessary in 93% of the horses with a low level of infection. Implications This study has highlighted not only the issue of the indiscriminate use of anthelmintics regarding parasitic resistance, but also the exposure of horses to unnecessary treatments. Such widespread use is a costly waste of resources and further reinforces the discontinuation of schedule rather than strategic deworming protocols.
An autoencoder neural network integrated into gravitational-wave burst searches to improve the rejection of noise transients
Authors: Bini Sophie , Vedovato Gabriele , Drago Marco , Salemi Francesco , Prodi Giovanni A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The gravitational-wave (GW) detector data are affected by short-lived instrumental or terrestrial transients, called ‘glitches’, which can simulate GW signals. Mitigation of glitches is particularly difficult for algorithms which target generic sources of short-duration GW transients (GWT), and do not rely on GW waveform models to distinguish astrophysical signals from noise, such as coherent WaveBurst (cWB). This work is part of the long-term effort to mitigate transient noises in cWB, which led to the introduction of specific estimators, and a machine-learning based signal-noise classification algorithm. Here, we propose an autoencoder neural network, integrated into cWB, that learns transient noises morphologies from GW time-series. We test its performance on the glitch family known as ‘blip’. The resulting sensitivity to generic GWT and binary black hole mergers significantly improves when tested on LIGO detectors data from the last observation period (O3b). At false alarm rate of one event per 50 years the sensitivity volume increases up to 30% for signal morphologies similar to blip glitches. In perspective, this tool can adapt to classify different transient noise classes that may affect future observing runs, enhancing GWT searches.
Ultra-thin silver films grown by sputtering with a soft ion beam-treated intermediate layer
Authors: Tran Thanh , Wang Xiaobo , Shrestha Maheshwar , Wang Keliang , Fan Qi Hua 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Silver thin films have wide-ranging applications in optical coatings and optoelectronic devices. However, their poor wettability to substrates such as glass often leads to an island growth mode, known as the Volmer–Weber mode. This study demonstrates a method that utilizes a low-energy ion beam (IB) treatment in conjunction with magnetron sputtering to fabricate continuous silver films as thin as 6 nm. A single-beam ion source generates low-energy soft ions to establish a nominal 1 nm seed silver layer, which significantly enhances the wettability of the subsequently deposited silver films, resulting in a continuous film of approximately 6 nm with a resistivity as low as 11.4 µΩ.cm. The transmittance spectra of these films were found to be comparable to simulated results, and the standard 100-grid tape test showed a marked improvement in adhesion to glass compared to silver films sputter-deposited without the IB treatment. High-resolution scanning electron microscopy images of the early growth stage indicate that the IB treatment promotes nucleation, while films without the IB treatment tend to form isolated islands. X-ray diffraction patterns indicate that the (111) crystallization is suppressed by the soft IB treatment, while growth of large crystals with (200) orientation is strengthened. This method is a promising approach for the fabrication of silver thin films with improved properties for use in optical coatings and optoelectronics.
Electrically erasable writing properties of ZnS films by conductive atomic force microscopy
Authors: Wang Aoqiu , Wang Yingming , Liang Lu , Cao Yuwei , Qin Zhentao , Jie Wanqi , Xu Lingyan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Resistive switching cycles were realized in Au/ZnS/substrate (indium–tin oxide (ITO), Cu, Si) structures, and electrically erasable writing operations were achieved in the Au/ZnS/Si structure using conductive atomic force microcopy. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed that high resistance state was a mixture of amorphous and nanocrystalline state, while the frequency response of alternating current conductivity indicated that the low resistance state (LRS) was only nanocrystalline. Electric field and thermal effects contributed to the distribution of conductive defects in the ZnS film, and nearest-neighbor hopping conduction controlled the electrical resistance of the Au/ZnS/ITO structure. X-ray photoemission spectroscopy analysis of conductive defects of ZnS films in the LRS revealed that they were zinc-rich or sulfur-poor. This study confirms the intrinsic resistive switching characteristic of ZnS films, which can serve as nonoxide materials for nonvolatile memory application.