bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A miRNA signature related to stemness identifies high‐risk patients in paediatric acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Esperanza‐Cebollada Elena , Gómez‐González Soledad , Perez‐Jaume Sara , Vega‐García Nerea , Vicente‐Garcés Clara , Richarte‐Franqués Mercè , Rives Susana , Català Albert , Torrebadell Montserrat , Camós Mireia 
Published: March 2023

SummaryClinical and biological variables like genetic aberrations at diagnosis and the levels of measurable residual disease (MRD) are the most powerful biomarkers to predict the outcome of paediatric leukaemia. Recently, a model integrating the genetic abnormalities, transcriptional identity, and leukaemia stemness measured as leukaemic stem cell score (pLSC6) has been proposed to identify high‐risk paediatric acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients. However, the role of epigenetics in defining prognosis still needs to be established. We evaluated the role of 89 miRNAs regulating stemness and their contribution to predicting outcomes in 110 paediatric patients with acute leukaemia. We identified a 24‐miRNA signature capable of distinguishing paediatric AML patients with excellent or poor outcomes. We validated these results in an independent cohort using public repository‐based data. The 24‐miRNA signature was significantly associated with the leukaemic stemness scores and the underlying genetics of patients. Notably, the combination of classical prognostic factors (MRD and genetics), the pLSC6 score and the 24‐miRNA signature had a higher capacity to predict the overall and event‐free survival than each variable individually. Our 24‐miRNA signature provides epigenetic data to integrate into genetics, MRD and stemness‐related leukaemic scores to refine risk stratification in paediatric AML patients.
Impact of measurable residual disease on outcomes of unrelated donor haematopoietic cell transplantation with post‐transplant cyclophosphamide in AML in first complete remission
Authors: Nagler Arnon , Labopin Myriam , Dholaria Bhagirathbhai , Blaise Didier , Bondarenko Sergey , Vydra Jan , Choi Goda , Rovira Montserrat , Reményi Péter , Meijer Ellen , Bulabois Claude Eric , Diez‐Martin J. L. , Yakoub‐Agha Ibrahim , Brissot Eolia , Spyridonidis Alexandros , Sanz Jaime , Patel Amit , Arat Mutlu , Bazarbachi Ali , Bug Gesine , Savani Bipin N. , Giebel Sebastian , Ciceri Fabio , Mohty Mohamad 
Published: March 2023

SummaryPre‐transplant measurable residual disease (MRD) predicts relapse and outcome of allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation (allo‐HCT). The impact of MRD on the outcomes of post‐transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy)‐based allo‐HCT from a matched unrelated donor (UD) is unknown. This study assessed the impact of MRD in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) in the first complete remission (CR1). A total of 272 patients (MRD negative [MRD−], n = 165; MRD positive [MRD+], n = 107) with a median follow‐up of 19 (range: 16–24) months were studied. The incidence of grades II–IV and grades III–IV acute GVHD at day 180 was 25.2% and 25% (p = 0.99), and 10.6% and 6.8% (p = 0.29), respectively, and 2‐year chronic GVHD was 35% and 30.4% (p = 0.96) in MRD+ and MRD− cohorts, respectively. In multivariate analysis, MRD+ status was associated with a higher incidence of relapse (RI) (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.56, 95% CI: 1.39–4.72), lower leukaemia‐free survival (LFS) (HR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.23–3.39), overall survival (OS) (HR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.04–3.25) and GVHD‐free, relapse‐free survival (GRFS) (HR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.10–2.58). MRD status did not have a significant impact on non‐relapse mortality (NRM), or acute or chronic GVHD risk. Among patients with AML undergoing UD allo‐HCT with PTCy, pre‐transplant MRD+ status predicted a higher relapse rate, lower LFS, OS and GRFS.
Ending racial disproportionality in child welfare: A systematic review
Authors: Murphy April L. , Boamah Daniel A. , Warfel Erin T. , Griffiths Austin , Roehm David 
Published: March 2023

AbstractChildren of colour, especially non‐Hispanic Black, non‐Hispanic Native American, and non‐Hispanic multiracial, continue to be overrepresented across every decision point in the U.S. child welfare system. Existing research has largely focused on documenting the existence of disproportionality, while there has been less focus on interventions and/or approaches specifically designed to reduce this social problem. This study sought to identify and characterize interventions and/or approaches utilized in child welfare for reducing racial disproportionality by conducting a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines. After reviewing over 1000 studies across eight databases, only three studies met criteria for inclusion in this systematic review. The articles all addressed prevention strategies aimed to address risk factors and subjectivity, while employing interventions across both family and organizational/community levels. Three themes emerged, community‐wide targeted intervention, culturally responsive family preservation, and agency‐specific initiatives, which captured the scope of intervention to the extent as possible. Results indicated that training, collaboration, and comprehensive reform are promising, yet large‐scale systemic efforts must take priority for meaningful change to occur.
Political connections and labor investment efficiency: Evidence from China's private firms
Authors: Zhou Bole , Ge Jing , Ge Pengfei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study investigates whether political connections affect labor investment efficiency. We test this question in the context of China's private firms, where we find that political connections are negatively associated with labor investment efficiency. We also explore the channels through which political connections reduce labor investment efficiency and provide evidence that political connections aggravate both agency problems and information asymmetry. Further tests show that the influence of political connections is more pronounced for firms with overinvestment problems or high‐level political connections, and for firms from regions facing severe unemployment or loose anticorruption. Overall, our results are consistent with the “grabbing hand” argument that politicians destroy firm operational efficiency.
Markers of neutrophil chemotaxis for identification of blood stream infections in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia undergoing induction treatment
Authors: Weischendorff Sarah , De Pietri Silvia , Rathe Mathias , Frandsen Thomas Leth , Hasle Henrik , Nielsen Claus H. , Moser Claus , Müller Klaus 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough neutropenic fever is frequently observed during chemotherapy, only a minor proportion is caused by blood stream infections (BSI). This study investigated measurements of neutrophil chemotaxis as risk markers for BSI in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).MethodsThe chemokines CXCL1 and CXCL8 were measured weekly in 106 children with ALL during induction treatment. Information regarding BSI episodes was collected from the patients' medical records.ResultsDuring induction treatment, 102 (96%) patients developed profound neutropenia and 27 (25%) were diagnosed with BSI, debuting on median day 12 (range: 4–29). Patients developing BSI had increased levels of CXCL1 on days 8 and 15 as well as increased CXCL8 on days 8, 15, 22, and 29 compared to patients without BSI (all p < 0.05). Patients with BSI < day 12 exhibited increased CXCL1 and CXCL8 levels as early as day 8 (81  vs. 4 pg/mL, p = 0.031 and 35 vs. 10 pg/mL, p < 0.0001, respectively), while CXCL1 and CXCL8 were increased on day 15 (215 vs. 57 pg/mL, p = 0.022 and 68 vs. 17 pg/mL, p = 0.0002) and after (all p < 0.01) in patients with BSI ≥ day 12.ConclusionThe markers of neutrophil chemotaxis, CXCL1, and CXCL8 may help to identify patients at increased risk of BSI during chemotherapy‐induced neutropenia.
Parenting during the second year of COVID‐19: Positive and negative parental experiences in the U.S.A.
Authors: Vaydich Jenny Lee , Anderson Emily Kay , O'Connell Katherine L. , Moreira Nicole , Deonier Caitlin F. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveIn this study, we examine the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on parenting during the second year of the pandemic.BackgroundMany families experienced abrupt and prolonged changes in their daily routines. Due to the influence of long‐term stress on parenting quality and parenting behaviors, the current study focused on understanding the potential impact of the ongoing pandemic on parents.MethodTwenty parents (Mage = 38.25, SD = 7.77), living in the United States, with at least one child (newborn to 18 years of age) participated in an online interview. The majority of participants identified as White/European (80%), married (95%), and female (80%), with an undergraduate degree or higher (95%). All participants were fluent in English. Thematic analysis was used to identify themes based on parents' answers to questions about their parenting and family routines during the pandemic.ResultsFour themes and three subthemes were produced from the data: experiences as a parent (subthemes included negative experiences, positive experiences, and sources of social support), stressors impacting parenting, concerns for child(ren), and changes in child(ren)'s daily lives.ConclusionParents reported experiencing some of the same stressors that were identified at the beginning of the pandemic. The majority had positive and negative experiences parenting, and a few participants reported similarities in their parenting. Many parents utilized their social supports, but some lost social relationships. Finally, potential patterns emerged based on parent gender, household size, and household income.ImplicationsSupporting healthy child development during stressful periods may involve providing support for parents and assistance managing parental stress.
Commodified inequality: Racialized harm to children and families in the injustice enterprise
Authors: Hatcher Daniel L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article addresses the systemic racialized harm of a vast injustice enterprise, with a focus on the symbiotic operations of agencies and justice systems monetizing vulnerable children and families, including the impact of contractual revenue schemes uncovered in my new book, Injustice, Inc. Our foundational justice systems are permeated by a history of racial injustice, and that history reverberates into factory‐like operations that churn children and the poor into revenue. The revenue‐generating mechanisms used by juvenile and family courts, prosecutors, probation departments, police, sheriffs, and detention facilities all draw the concerning historical connection—interlinked with the practices of child and family agencies—as the institutions abdicate their ethical and constitutional requirements in order to commodify inequality.
Why does researchers' collaboration matter in research activities?
Authors: Mwantimwa Kelefa , Kassim Mohamed 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThere has been a global increase in research and discussions surrounding research collaboration in recent years. This study mainly establishes why collaboration matters in research activities. Specifically, the study has ascertained patterns of collaboration, exposed moderating factors of collaboration and established the perceived importance of collaboration in research activities. This has been done using a cross‐sectional descriptive design that employed both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The study used questionnaires and interview methods to collect data from 236 researchers. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Version 20) was used to analyse quantitative data while thematic analysis was used to analyse qualitative data. The study notes different patterns of collaboration between researchers. The findings also suggest that researchers with high ranks such as lecturers, senior lecturers and professors have multiple collaboration patterns than those in the lower ranks. Besides this, the study ascertains several moderating factors that foster collaboration in research activities. Apart from this, the study discloses different perceived impacts of collaboration on research activities. Based on its findings, the study recommends that university managements should not underestimate the domestic and international collaborations their researchers establish, manage and maintain. To see a difference in research performance, visibility and reputation, university managements should encourage their researchers to establish domestic and international research collaborations.
Functional and aesthetic outcomes of abdominal full‐thickness skin grafts in paediatric postburn digital and palmar flexion contractures
Authors: Liang Hongyu , Hu Quan , Cai Jianhua , Li Pengcheng , Shi Jun , Liu Hailiang , Yang Longlong , Shen Chuanan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe study aimed to assess the functional and aesthetic outcomes of abdominal full‐thickness skin grafts (FTSGs) in paediatric postburn digital and palmar flexion contractures. The digital and palmar functions and aesthetics of 50 children who met the criteria were evaluated at pre‐operation, the 3rd‐ and 12th‐month post‐operation, respectively. In the evaluation, the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), total active movement (TAM), and Jebsen–Taylor Hand Function Test (JHFT) were used. The contralateral, unaffected hand served as the criteria for functional recovery. The complications of donor sites were observed, and the take rate of skin grafts was calculated. The VSS scores at the 3rd and 12th months post‐operation were lower than those before the operation. The TAM of each finger was improved at the 3rd and 12th months post‐operation, compared with that before the operation. There was a significant difference in the time to complete the JHFT between the affected hand and the unaffected at the 3rd month post‐operation, but no significant difference between them at the 12th month post‐operation. The excellent and good take rate of the skin grafts was 90.00%.No donor site complications were observed. The abdominal FTSGs are effective in repairing paediatric digital and palmar scar contractures, with satisfying functional and aesthetic results, especially in large defects after scar release and resection.
Distinctive root system adaptation of ploidy wheats to water stress: A cue to yield enhancement
Authors: Li Pu‐Fang , Ma Bao‐Luo , Palta Jairo A. , Wei Xiao‐Fei , Guo Sha , Ding Tong‐Tong , Ma Yong‐Qing 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGiven the worldwide effort to improve crop drought resistance, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms of root system adaptation of ploidy wheat to water‐deficient environments. A meta‐analysis was performed to examine the changes in root system mechanisms under drought conditions. Data used in the analysis were drawn from 192 papers, taking into account wheat ploidy levels as well as pot and field studies. The results illustrated that water stress reduced grain yield and aboveground biomass to a greater extent in diploid and tetraploid compared with hexaploid genotypes. In contrast, drought reduced root biomass, root surface area and root volume more in hexaploid than in diploid and tetraploid wheat. Under water‐limited conditions, diploid and tetraploid genotypes exhibited greater root biomass and root length densities in the topsoil. Hexaploid genotypes greatly reduced root biomass and root length density in the topsoil and maintained higher root biomass and root length density in subsoil. These genotypes also showed smaller root diameter and xylem centre vessel diameter under drought conditions. The analysis revealed that grain yield was negatively correlated with topsoil root biomass and root length density, root volume, root diameter and xylem centre vessel, but positively correlated with subsoil root mass, root length density and root vigour. The study demonstrated that domestication and selection pressures of ploidy wheat have altered wheat root system traits while improving grain yield. Greater root mass and root length densities in the subsoil facilitate access to soil moisture from deep layers, contributing to high yields in drought environments.
SGLT2 inhibitors reduce sudden cardiac death risk in heart failure: Meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Oates Connor P. , Santos‐Gallego Carlos G. , Smith Alex , Basyal Binaya , Moss Noah , Kawamura Iwanari , Musikantow Daniel R. , Turagam Mohit K. , Miller Marc A. , Whang William , Dukkipati Srinivas R. , Reddy Vivek Y. , Koruth Jacob S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionMultiple randomized controlled trials have demonstrated sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) decrease the composite endpoint of cardiovascular death or heart failure hospitalizations in all heart failure patients. It is uncertain whether SGLT2i impacts the risk of sudden cardiac death in patients with heart failure.MethodsA comprehensive search was performed to identify relevant data published before August 28, 2022. Trials were included if: (1) all patients had clinical heart failure (2) SGLT2i and placebo were compared (3) all patients received conventional medical therapy and (4) reported outcomes of interest (sudden cardiac death [SCD], ventricular arrhythmias, atrial arrhythmias).ResultsSCD was reported in seven of the eleven trials meeting selection criteria: 10 796 patients received SGLT2i and 10 796 received placebo. SGLT2i therapy was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of SCD (risk ratios [RR]: 0.68; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.48−0.95; p = .03; I2 = 0%). Absent dedicated rhythm monitoring, there were no significant differences in the incidence of sustained ventricular arrhythmias not associated with SCD (RR: 1.03; 95% CI: 0.83−1.29; p = .77; I2 = 0%) or atrial arrhythmias (RR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.77–1.09; p = .31; I2 = 29%) between patients receiving an SGLT2i versus placebo.ConclusionSGLT2i therapy is associated with a reduced risk of SCD in patients with heart failure receiving contemporary medical therapy. Prospective trials are needed to determine the long‐term impact of SGLT2i therapy on atrial and ventricular arrhythmias.
Perceptual learning in dermatology—A Finnish cohort study of undergraduate medical students
Authors: Salava A. , Salmela V. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundImplicit visual skills play an important role in the recognition of skin‐related conditions.ObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate effectiveness and practicability of digital perceptual learning modules (PLMs) during undergraduate teaching of dermatology.MethodsThe study consisted of four subsequent dermatology courses including 105 medical students. PLMs designed for an online setting were carried out before, during and at course ends, as well as 6–12 months after the courses (N = 33). We investigated four important outcome measures regarding perceptual learning: diagnostic accuracy (%‐percentage of correct responses), decision duration (response time), recognized features (decision basis) and student‐perceived confidence.ResultsDiagnostic accuracy (p < 0.001, effect size  = 0.82), fluency (p < 0.001,  = 0.23) and confidence (p < 0.001,  = 0.74) increased significantly with successive PLMs during courses. Students classified more visual features and based the diagnosis more on primary lesion. Accuracy increased in all tasks during the courses and reached over 90% in diagnoses of the first to third task difficulty quartile. In the most difficult quartile accuracy reached to 60%. In the follow‐up, students' performance remained at high level. Analysis of diagnostic errors showed that there were specific conditions which were systematically confused with each other.ConclusionsDigital PLMs improved high rates of diagnostic accuracy, fluency and student‐perceived confidence in recognition of skin‐related conditions. There was a long‐term consistency in high performance suggesting effective learning retention. In the digital setting, PLMs were practicable and easily integrated into traditional teachings. We believe that there is extensive potential for a wider use of perceptual learning to improve nonanalytical visual skills in dermatology and medical education in general.
Performance and diversification benefits of IPO‐focused mutual funds
Authors: Kammoun Manel , Mrissa Bouden Habiba 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe investigate whether mutual funds that invest in initial public offerings (IPOs) outperform the Renaissance IPO Index, IPOX® 100 U.S. Index, and other comparable equity funds that do not invest in IPOs. We also explore whether investors gain diversification benefits by investing in IPO‐focused mutual funds. Using a sample of active open‐ended US equity mutual funds, we find that IPO‐focused funds outperform the Renaissance IPO Index and comparable funds that do not invest in IPOs. Moreover, they provide investors with the benefit of diversification along with better returns. We also find the value added by active management based on IPO strategy.
Competencies for video telemedicine with older adult patients
Authors: Powers Becky B. , Van Zuilen Rose Maria , Schwartz Andrea Wershof , Dang Stuti , McLaren Jaye E. , Hoang‐Gia Dat , Moo Lauren R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundTelemedicine has recently become a part of mainstream clinical practice. Many curricula have been developed to teach general and specialty‐specific video telemedicine skills; however, a lack of defined best practices for translating comprehensive interprofessional geriatric care to the virtual setting presents a unique challenge to educators and clinicians. This manuscript introduces and describes the development of competencies for video telemedicine with older adults for all health professionals who treat them.MethodsA modified Delphi process was used in competency development. In 2019, interprofessional clinicians and educators who had expertise in telemedicine formed a competency development workgroup. The aim was to draft competencies for interprofessional video telemedicine with older adults while not duplicating existing competencies in geriatrics, interprofessional care, or general telemedicine. Draft competencies were circulated among experts in geriatric telemedicine and geriatric education for two rounds of comments. The competencies incorporated comments from 41 clinicians representing 7 professions.ResultsTwenty‐three competencies were created spanning six domains. A temporal organization by domain was used: (1) Overarching considerations, (2) Pre‐visit preparation, (3) Beginning of the visit, (4) History taking and communication during the visit, (5) Exam during the visit (organized by the 5Ms: Mind, Mobility, Medication, Multicomplexity, and Matters Most), and (6) Post‐visit coordination.ConclusionsThese newly developed competencies fill a gap left by those developed for specific disciplines or that do not address considerations for older adults. They lay the groundwork for curriculum development and the development of virtual Age‐Friendly care.