bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ОПЫТ ТУШЕНИЯ ТОРФЯНЫХ ПОЖАРОВ ПОДТОПЛЕНИЕМ
Authors: СЕКЕРИН И.М. , ЗАЛЕСОВ С.В. , ЕРИЦОВ А.М. , КРЕКТУНОВ А.А. 
Published: January 2025

Обобщен опыт ликвидации торфяных пожаров в летний период на территории Свердловской области. Установлено, что большинство торфяных пожаров развивается из беглых низовых в мае, когда на территории области наблюдается пик горимости. Чаще всего торфяные пожары возникают на заброшенных осушенных торфяниках. При продвижении беглого низового пожара по осушенному торфянику на участках с обнаженным торфом или со значительным запасом напочвенных горючих материалов горение заглубляется в торфяную залежь и формируются многоочаговые торфяные пожары. Кроме того, обнаружение весной на осушенных торфяниках очагов горения нередко связано с непотушенными в прошлом году торфяными пожарами. К наиболее эффективным способам ликвидации торфяных пожаров относится подтопление, при котором создаются специальные плотины высотой до 0.5 м, препятствующие сбросу воды по элементам рельефа, ручьям, канавам. Первая плотина создается в самом низком месте очагов тления, а затем - каскад дополнительных плотин вверх по рельефу местности. Каждая плотина должна держать уровень воды до 0.5 м. Экспериментально установлено, что способом подтопления можно потушить 80 % всех очагов торфяных пожаров. Там, где потушить пожар подтоплением невозможно, его тушат сосредоточенной струей воды. После ликвидации торфяного пожара требуется длительный мониторинг за потушенной площадью, поскольку возможно повторное возгорание от скрытых очагов тления.
An experience of eliminating peat-bog fires in summer period on the territory of Sverdlovsk Oblast is summarized in the article. It was found that most peat-bog fires develop from fugitive grassroots fires in May, when forest fire peak is observed in the region. Most often, peak fires occur on abandoned drained peat bogs. When a runway ground fire spreads across an uncovered peat bog in areas with bare peat or with a significant supply of ground combustible materials combustion deepens into a peat deposit and multifocal peat-bog fires are formed. In addition, the detection of fires in drained peatlands in spring is often associated with peat fires that were not extinguished last year. The most effective way to eliminate peat-bog fire is flooding, in which special dams are created up to 0.5 m high, which prevent the discharge of water along the relief elements streams, and channels. The first dam is created in the lowest place of the smoldering centers and then a cascade of additional dams is created up the terrain relief. Each dam should hold the water level up to 0.5 m. It is experimentally established, that by the method of flooding 80 % of all peat-bog fires can be extinguished. Where it is impossible to extinguish fire by flooding, it extinguished with a concentrated stream of water. After the elimination of peat-bog fire it is required long term monitoring of the extinguished area, since it is possible that open smoldering foci will reignite.
The role of linguistics in artificial intelligence (AI)
Authors: Vargas-Elizondo Celso 
Published: January 2025

En este artículo analizo las contribuciones del enfoque del procesamiento de lenguaje natural (PLN) al desarrollo de la inteligencia artificial (IA). Se compone de cuatro secciones principales. En la primera se ofrece una breve conceptualización de la inteligencia artificial con el objetivo de ubicar el lugar del procesamiento del lenguaje natural en IA. En la segunda sección se proporcionan algunos de los elementos lingüísticos teóricos más relevantes para entender la importancia del procesamiento del lenguaje natural y su evolución. En la tercera, presentamos algunos elementos teóricos importantes para entender la forma en la funciona el procesamiento del lenguaje natural. Finalmente, en la cuarta sección, presentamos brevemente las principales características de los modelos de lenguaje de gran tamaño (LLMs) y de los modelos fundacionales (FMs) y su relación con el procesamiento del lenguaje natural. El objetivo general del artículo es proporcionar una visión general de este complejo campo de investigación, poniendo énfasis en los aspectos más relevantes.
Environmental Issues in Global Pediatric Health: Policy Statement
Authors: Zajac Lauren , Landrigan Philip J. ,   and the Council on Environmental Health and Climate Change, Zajac Lauren , Balk Sophie J. , Byron Lori G. , Huerta-Montañ Gredia Mariaez , Landrigan Philip J. , Marcus Steven M. , Nerlinger Abby L. , Patel Lisa H. , Philipsborn Rebecca , Woolf Alan D. 
Published: January 2025

Pediatricians and pediatric trainees in North America are increasingly involved in caring for children and adolescents in or from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). In many LMICs, hazardous environmental exposures—notably outdoor and household air pollution, water pollution, lead, pesticides, and other manufactured chemicals—are highly prevalent and account for twice the proportion of disease and deaths among young children as in North America. Climate change will likely worsen these exposures.
It is important that pediatricians and other pediatric health professionals from high-income countries who work in LMICs be aware of the disproportionately severe impacts of toxic environmental hazards, become knowledgeable about the major local/regional environmental threats, and consider environmental factors in their differential diagnoses. Likewise, pediatricians in high-income countries who care for patients who have emigrated from LMICs need to be aware that these children may be at elevated risk of toxic environmental diseases from past exposures to toxic environmental hazards in their countries of origin as well as ongoing exposures in products imported from their home countries, including traditional foods, medications, and cosmetics.
Because diseases of toxic environmental origin seldom have unique physical signatures, pediatricians can utilize the environmental screening history, supplemented by laboratory testing, as a diagnostic tool. To prepare pediatricians to care for children in and from LMICs, pediatric organizations could increase the amount of environmental health and climate change content offered in continuing medical education (CME) credits, maintenance of certification (MOC) credits, and certification and recertification examinations. Broadly, it is important that governments and international agencies increase resources directed to pollution prevention, strengthen the environmental health workforce, and expand public health infrastructure in all countries.
Development and research of energy-efficient helio-air collectors for drying agricultural products
Authors: Kotov Boris , Kalinichenko Roman , Spirin Anatolii , Gudzenko Natalia , Didyk Andrii , Zamrii Mykhailo 
Published: January 2025

The object of study is the drying of agricultural plant products. Artificial heat drying of agricultural plant products (seeds, fruits, nuts, grain, etc.), as a traditional method of canning and preparation for storage and further processing, usually takes place in dryers of seasonal use. To reduce the consumption of traditional types of organic fuel, it is proposed to use a lightweight portable film solar collector to heat the drying agent in seasonal dryers. A mathematical description of thermal processes in a solar collector is given. To increase the efficiency (degree of air heating), devices are proposed – heat exchange intensifiers. Effective methods of increasing the thermal power of the solar collector based on the use of ring and spiral turbolyzers of the coolant flow and sectional multi-pipe (multi-element) absorber have been theoretically substantiated, experimentally confirmed. The use of these structural elements of the solar collector will increase the thermal performance per unit area of the solar radiation absorber, which will increase the heating of the blunt carrier with 26 °С before 32 °C for tube absorbers and up to 36 °C for sectional absorbers. Maximum specific power of the solar collector with an area 240 m2 – 0.2 kW/m2 with a specific flow rate of the coolant of 23 m3/h·m2. For systems of active ventilation of seed material with specific air flow rates up to 100 m3/h·m2, it is possible to heat the atmospheric air up to 10 °C, which ensures round-the-clock drying of the product. A simplified mathematical model is formulated to intensify parameters according to the data of experiments. The heat transfer coefficients from the film absorber of solar energy to the heated air are determined. The results of the experimental determination of the thermal characteristics of the solar collector and its energy efficiency are presented. As the calculations showed, a further increase in the performance of the tubular solar collector is possible with an increase in the flow rate in the film absorber, which can be realized by reducing the diameter of the pipeline.
The role of innovation in economy strengthening of Azerbaijan in the conditions of transition to Industry 5.0: on the example of a comparative analysis of indicators of some Eurasian countries
Authors: Yuzbashiyeva Gulshen , Abasova Samira , Yuzbashiyev Israfil 
Published: January 2025

The object of the study is innovative transformations in the context of Azerbaijan's transition to Industry 5.0. Innovative development not only strengthens the national economy, but also creates preconditions for the entry of competitive industrial products and services into world markets in the context of the transition to Industry 5.0. Innovative transformations are possible only with investments from both the state and industrial enterprises' own funds, as well as by attracting foreign capital. In this regard, the article examines the indicators of both Azerbaijan innovative development and Azerbaijan investment indicators in comparison with similar indicators of a number of Eurasian countries in the context of the transition to Industry 5.0.
The authors used both innovation development indices and statistical indicators of industry in other Eurasian countries to determine Azerbaijan’s innovation capabilities in the context of the transition to Industry 5.0. The article also examines internal and external factors influencing innovation development in Azerbaijan and investment attractiveness in the republic. The study showed that large innovation and investment projects in the liberated lands attract foreign investors from both near and far abroad. Particularly noteworthy are investments from the Organization of Turkic Countries (OTC) – from Turkey, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan. They are actively involved in the creation of smart cities, industrial facilities, transport infrastructure and telecommunications, as well as tourist facilities. Innovative development of Azerbaijan depends on the strategy of implementation of innovative investment projects. This strategy includes improvement of produced science-intensive products and services; and development of high technologies, especially information technologies. These areas include the creation and management of two artificial satellites of Azerbaijan, the petrochemical industry, the mechanical engineering industry. As well as the information technology sector, the ICT sector, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics industry based on the use of unique plants (saffron, medicinal oils from walnuts, hazelnuts, juices from unripe grapes, fig leaves) in the process of transition to Industry 5.0.
Relocation of Recent Shallow Seismic Activity in the Alboran Sea (Western Mediterranean Sea): The 2021–2024, 2016, and 2004 Seismic Series
Authors: Lozano Lucía , Buforn Elisa , Vicente Cantavella Juan , López-Sánchez Carolina , Victoria Manzanedo María , Barco Jaime , Antón Resurrección , Cabieces Roberto , Mattesini Maurizio 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
The Alboran Sea is a complex tectonic region and one of the most seismically active areas in the westernmost Mediterranean Sea. Its southern sector has been the scene of three significant earthquakes in the past 30 yr, the 1994 M 5.9 and 2004 M 6.3 Al Hoceima and the 2016 Mw 6.4 Alboran events. In this study, we perform a high-precision relocation of a selected subset of moderate-magnitude earthquakes of the three main seismic series that have occurred in this region in this century, the 2021–2024, 2016, and 2004 series, using all the available seismic data. We apply a two-step shared relocation procedure, first, a nonlinear probabilistic algorithm with a 3D velocity model for the Alboran–Betic–Rif system, and second, a double-difference relative method. Our results for the 2021–2024 and 2016 series show clustered epicenters along the nearby active fault systems in the area. The 2016 series displays an excellent spatial correlation with the Al-Idrisi fault and may be linked to it, whereas the 2021–2024 series could be associated to an unmapped structure to the east of Al-Idrisi, more fractured and of smaller dimensions, as inferred from its spatial–temporal magnitude distribution. Our solutions for the 2004 series confirm two clear and perpendicular epicentral alignments, which may be related to the Trougout fault. The overall depth distribution reveals shallow hypocenters mainly constrained in a seismogenic layer up to 15–20 km. Our results display a remarkable hypocentral clustering compared with the Instituto Geográfico Nacional (IGN) earthquake catalog solutions and an improvement in the accuracy and precision of earthquake locations, with mean horizontal and vertical uncertainties lower than ∼5 km, giving better constrained hypocenters over the IGN catalog. Our findings highlight the effectiveness of this methodology, especially in the case of offshore seismicity with poor azimuthal coverage, and may improve seismic hazard studies in the region.
ПРОБЛЕМЫ ПРАВОВОГО РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ КРУПНЫХ ЗАЛОГОВЫХ СДЕЛОК И ЗАЛОГОВЫХ СДЕЛОК, В СОВЕРШЕНИИ КОТОРЫХ ИМЕЕТСЯ ЗАИНТЕРЕСОВАННОСТЬ
Authors: Череповский В.Э. 
Published: January 2025

В статье исследуется один из видов экстраординарных сделок – экстраординарные залоговые сделки, совершаемые хозяйственными обществами. Поскольку залоговые сделки обладают спецификой, связанной с их акцессорным характером, требуется специальное правовое регулирование их совершения, например, в вопросе, касающемся определения количественного признака экстраординарной залоговой сделки. Также анализируется взаимосвязанность основного и акцессорного обязательств как фактор, влияющий на возможность квалификации залоговой сделки в качестве крупной или сделки с заинтересованностью.
The article examines one of the types of extraordinary transactions – extraordinary collateral transactions concluded by business entities. Since collateral transactions have specific features related to their accessory nature, special legal regulation of their execution is required, for example, in the issue concerning the definition of the quantitative feature of an extraordinary collateral transaction. The interrelation of the main and accessory obligations is also analyzed as a factor influencing the possibility of qualifying a collateral transaction as a major one or a transaction with an interest.
PENGEMBANGAN E-MODUL PEMBELAJARAN KIMIA ASAM-BASA BERBASIS MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) BERKONTEKS LAHAN BASAH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN LITERASI SAINS
Authors: Saputra Muhammad Nanang , Kusasi Muhammad , Winarti Atiek 
Published: January 2025

Abstrak. Pengembangan e-modul kimia asam basa berbasis model Problem based learning (PBL) berkonteks lahan basah ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan literasi sains siswa di SMA PGRI 6 Banjarmasin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kevalidan, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan dari e-modul yang dikembangkan. Desain pengembangan pada penelitian ini menggunakan desain R&D dengan model 4D (Defind, Design, Develop, Desseminate). Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI MIPA 1 SMA PGRI 6 Banjarmasin sebanyak 22 orang siswa pada uji coba perorangan, uji coba kelompok kecil dan uji coba keseluruhan. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui angket dan tes. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik persentase yang mana hasil analisis validitas menunjukkan e-modul yang dikembangkan sangat valid dengan skor 97,91%. Hasil analisis kepraktisan pada uji coba perorangan, uji coba kelompok kecil, dan uji coba terbatas menujukkan e-modul yang dikembangkan sangat praktis dengan skor 3,75. Pada analisis keefektifan uji coba terbatas menunjukkan e-modul yang dikembangkan efektif dengan N-gain dikategori tinggi dengan skor rata-rata 0,73. Hasil analisis penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa e-modul pembelajaran kimia asam basa bebasis model Problem Based Lerarning (PBL) layak digunakan sebagai bahan ajar dalam pembelajaran.

Kata kunci : E-modul, Problem Based Learning, literasi sains, lahan basah, asam basa.
PENGGUNAAN LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (LMS) MOODLE DALAM PEMBELAJARAN KIMIA (SEBUAH STUDI LITERATUR)
Authors: Rahmah Siti , Mariyam Dewi , Syafina Khairi , Lestari Dewi , Analita Rizki Nur 
Published: January 2025

Studi ini menyajikan tinjauan literatur mengenai efektivitas Moodle sebagai platform pembelajaran daring khususnya pembelajaran kimia di Indonesia, dengan tujuan mengevaluasi dampaknya terhadap minat, motivasi, dan hasil belajar peserta didik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis literatur dari berbagai sumber yang relevan untuk mengidentifikasi fitur-fitur utama Moodle, seperti User Management dan Course Management, serta bagaimana fitur-fitur ini mendukung aktivitas pembelajaran yang interaktif. Latar belakang penelitian ini didasarkan pada meningkatnya kebutuhan akan platform pembelajaran daring yang efektif di tengah pandemi, yang memaksa proses belajar mengajar dilakukan dari rumah. Manfaat dari penggunaan Moodle termasuk peningkatan kualitas belajar, fleksibilitas akses, dan efisiensi dalam pengelolaan kursus. Studi ini juga menemukan bahwa penerapan Moodle dalam pembelajaran kimia dapat meningkatkan pemahaman materi melalui fitur "Courses" yang disesuaikan dan E-modul interaktif. Namun, tantangan seperti kompleksitas penggunaan, masalah koneksi internet, dan kebutuhan akan penjelasan ulang dari pendidik perlu mendapat perhatian lebih lanjut untuk memaksimalkan efektivitas platform ini.
Analisis Vegetasi Hutan Mangrove di Taman Wisata Alam Pulau Burung Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu
Authors: Dewi Aita Nasya Agna , Naemah Dina , Basir Basir 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT. Mangrove forest are coastal or estuarine forest that are influenced by the tidal movements of the combination of river and sea water, inundated at high tide and free from inundation at low tide, and whose communities are salt-tolerant. This study aims to analyze the existing vegetation types using Index of Important Value (INP) and calculating the species diversity index in the rehabilitation block. The metode used in this study is a systematic plot line with the determination of the starting point by purposive sampling. The length of the observation path is 100 m with an observation plot size of 20 × 20 m including the growth stage of seedlings, saplings, poles, and trees. The result obtained from this study state that the dominant species in both research blocks are bakau laki (Rhizophora apiculata), bakau bini (Rhizophora mucronata) and api-api (Avicennia marina) with a value of H’ > 3 which is categorized that the diversity of species is abundant.Keywords: Vegetation analysist; MangroveABSTRAK. Hutan mangrove adalah hutan pantai atau estuaria yang dipengaruhi oleh pergerakan pasang surut kombinasi air dan laut, tergenang pada saat air pasang dan bebas dari genangan pada saat air surut, dan komunitasnya toleran terhadap garam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis jenis vegetasi yang ada dengan menggunakan INP dan menghitung indeks keanekaragaman jenis pada blok rehabilitasi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode jalur berpetak sistematis dengan penentuan titik awal secara purposive sampling. Panjang jalur pengamatan adalah 100 m dengan ukuran petak pengamatan 20 m × 20 m yang meliputi tingkat pertumbuhan semai, pancang, tiang dan pohon. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa jenis yang mendominasi pada blok penelitian adalah bakau laki (Rhizophora apiculata), bakau bini (Rhizophora mucronata), dan api-api (Avicennia marina) dengan nilai H’ > 3 yang dikategorikan keanekaragaman jenisnya melimpah.Kata kunci: Analisis vegetasi; Mangrove
PENGARUH ALKALISASI HYBRID COMPOSITE BULU ITIK ALABIO DAN SERAT PURUN TIKUS TRHADAP KEAUSAN DAN KEKERASAN
Authors: Syarief Akhmad , Setiawan Dadang Aling , Fadliyanur Fadliyanur 
Published: January 2025

Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan merupakan habitat salah satu jenis tumbuhan Purun Tikus. Tanaman ini tumbuh liar di lahan basah dan digunakan untuk kerajinan tangan serta menjadi habitat bagi itik Alabio. Bulu itik banyak ditemukan dibuang di tempat pembuangan sampah. NaOH merupakan senyawa kimia bersifat basa yang memiliki fungsi menghilangkan dan membersihkan residu pada serat. Oleh karena itu penulis ingin melakukan penelitian pada material komposit penguat bulu itik dan purun tikus dengan metode alkalisasi perendaman dengan NaOH. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh alkalisasi campuran hibrida bulu itik - purun tikus dengan matriks poliester terhadap uji aus dan kekerasan serta pengaruh void terhadap pori-pori berlubang. Uji aus dilakukan sesuai ASTM G99-04. Standar pengujian kekerasan ASTM D-785 dengan metode pembuatan sampel adalah metode hand lay up dengan komposisi 78% polyester, 2% katalis, 20% penguat dengan perbandingan volume:(10%:90%), waktu perlakuan alkalisasi : 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 dan 60 menit, NaOH 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai keausan tertinggi terdapat pada waktu alkalisasi 10 menit dan terendah pada waktu alkalisasi 60 menit. Nilai kekerasan yang diperoleh merupakan nilai tertinggi pada waktu alkalisasi 60 menit dan nilai terendah pada waktu alkalisasi 10 menit. Oleh karena itu, waktu alkalinisasi mempengaruhi nilai uji keausan, kekerasan, dan void.
Simulation Modeling Incomplete Treatment Impact on Tuberculosis Transmission
Authors: Muniroh Muna Afdi 
Published: January 2025

Among the most common diseases globally is tuberculosis (TB). The spread dynamics of TB are formulated in the form of a mathematical model with five subpopulation densities, namely, susceptible individuals, latent individuals, TB active individuals, treated individuals, and recovered individuals. The existence of an equilibrium point is contingent upon the value of the basic reproduction number Ro. Ro is a key metric for understanding the potential for disease transmission and is obtained from the next generation matrix. Stability analysis for TB models is investigated by determining the criteria for the local stability of equilibrium points. After that, a sensitivity analysis is conducted to identify TB model parameters that most affect Ro value. The solution behavior of the TB model is shown by graphs generated numerically with the Runge-Kutta fourth-order method and Matlab software
Spectral Characteristics of The Antiadjacency Matrix of Kite Graph
Authors: Camilla Miming Fikria , Rensiana Melza , Silaban Denny Riama 
Published: January 2025

Let G=(V,E) be a connected graph, where V is the set of vertices and E is the set of edges of G. The kite graph, denoted by Kiten,m, is a graph obtained by appending a complete graph Kn to a pendant vertex of path Pm. This research investigates the spectrum of antiadjacency matrix of kite graph. The antiadjacency matrix of a graph G of order n is a square matrix with order n where the entries of the matrix represent the nonadjacency of the vertices.