bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The gender pay gap—What's the problem represented to be? Analyzing the discourses of Estonian employers, employees, and state officials on pay equality
Authors: Aavik Kadri , Ubakivi‐Hadachi Pille , Raudsepp Maaris , Roosalu Triin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe gender pay gap (GPG) remains significant in most countries and is a key indicator of gender inequality in society. Qualitative research on the GPG is scarce, yet, qualitative perspectives on the GPG are valuable as the ways in which the GPG is understood and talked about shape actions to tackle it. This article focuses on how the GPG is represented in the context of work and organizations, inspired by the “What's the Problem Represented to be?” approach, developed by Carol Bacchi. The analysis draws on qualitative data—63 interviews with employers, employees, and state officials—collected in Estonia which exhibits one of the largest GPGs in the European Union. Five dominant representations of the GPG were identified: the GPG as (a) consciously produced by employers, (b) different pay for the same work, (c) unmeasurable due to “unique” and “incomparable” jobs and workers, (d) produced by women's failure to ask for fair pay, and (e) impossible for employers to reduce because of market forces. Collectively, these representations render the GPG inevitable, downplaying its emergence as a result of specific gendered social practices. This has implications for the employers' and the state's willingness and strategies to reduce the GPG.
Efficacy of genotypic susceptibility‐guided tailored therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection: A systematic review and single arm meta‐analysis
Authors: Lin Kaihao , Huang Lifang , Wang Yadong , Li Kangkang , Ye Yuanning , Yang Siqi , Li Aimin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground and AimThe prevalence of antibiotic resistance for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has been increasing over the year, making it more difficult for traditional empirical therapy to successfully eradicate H. pylori. Thus, tailored therapy (TT) guided by molecular‐based antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) has been frequently recommended. We conducted a single‐arm meta‐analysis to determine the efficacy of tailored therapy guided by molecular‐based AST.MethodsA systematic literature review was performed on multiple databases, and studies on molecular‐based TT were included. The eradication rates of TT by intention‐to‐treat (ITT) and per‐protocol (PP) analyses were pooled respectively.ResultsA total of 35 studies from 31 literature (4626 patients) were included in the single‐arm meta‐analysis. Overall, the pooled eradication rate of TT was 86.9% (95% CI:84.7%–89.1%) by the ITT analysis, and 91.5% (95% CI:89.8%–93.2%) by PP analysis. The pooled eradication rates of first‐line TT and rescue TT were 86.6% and 85.1% by ITT analysis and 92.0% and 87.9% by PP analysis, respectively. When tailored rescue therapy was based on the genotypic resistance to at least four antibiotics, the pooled eradication rates reached 89.4% by ITT analysis and 92.1% by PP analysis. For genotype‐susceptive strains, the pooled eradication rate of TT with targeted antibiotics was 93.1% (95% CI:91.3%–94.9%), among which the pooled eradication rate of tailored bismuth quadruple therapy was the highest (94.3%). Besides, the eradication rate of 7‐day TT or tailored triple therapy without bismuth for genotype‐susceptive strains could both reach more than 93.0%.ConclusionTailored therapy guided by molecular‐based AST can achieve somewhat ideal therapeutic outcomes. TT with a 7‐day duration or without bismuth for genotype‐susceptible strains can achieve good eradication efficacy. The effectiveness of TT can be improved to some extent by expanding the coverage of AST or by adding bismuth.
Reversion of liver cirrhosis after endovascular treatment in Chinese patients with Budd–Chiari syndrome
Authors: Wang Chaoyang , Li Tongqiang , Chen Kequan , Niu Huanzhang , Bai Yaowei , Liu Jiacheng , Wang Yingliang , Ju Shuguang , Yao Wei , Zhao Guorui , Xiong Bin , Zhou Guofeng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimsTo investigate the impact of endovascular (EV) treatment on liver cirrhosis in Chinese patients with Budd–Chiari syndrome (BCS).MethodsFrom September 2011 to March 2022, 97 patients from four hospitals in China who were diagnosed with primary BCS complicated with liver cirrhosis and received EV treatment were retrospectively enrolled in this study for clinical analysis. In addition, liver tissues for basic research were acquired from 25 patients between June 2022 and March 2023, including six with benign liver tumors, 11 with BCS before EV treatment, and eight with EV‐treated BCS. Liver cirrhosis was assessed by clinical outcomes, histological studies, and the expression of related genes at the mRNA and protein levels.ResultsThe patients with BCS had better liver function after EV treatment, evidenced by an increased albumin level and reduced total bilirubin, ALT, and AST. The imaging findings suggested an amelioration of liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension, including increased portal vein velocity (13.52 ± 8.89 cm/s vs. 17.51 ± 6.67 cm/s,p < 0.001) and decreased liver stiffness (30.37 ± 6.39 kPa vs. 23.70 ± 7.99 kPa,p < 0.001), portal vein diameter (14.97 ± 3.42 mm vs. 13.36 ± 2.89 mm,p < 0.001), and spleen volume (870.00 ± 355.61 cm3vs. 771.36 ± 277.45 cm3,p < 0.001). Furthermore, histological studies revealed that EV treatment resulted in a restoration of liver architecture with reduced extracellular matrix deposition. Meanwhile, hepatic angiogenesis and inflammation, which have a close relationship with cirrhosis, were also inhibited. In addition, the state of hepatocytes switches from apoptosis to proliferation after EV treatment.ConclusionsBCS‐induced liver cirrhosis could be reversed by EV treatment from macroscopic to microscopic dimensions. Our study may provide further insights into understanding BCS and treating cirrhosis.
Analysis of YouTube videos as a source of information about dentin hypersensitivity
Authors: Saraç Atagün Özlem , Ceylan Şen Seval , Paksoy Tuğçe 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesEven though tooth sensitivity is a prevalent dental issue today, more information is available to patients via social media concerning the subject. This study aimed to examine what patients may learn about tooth sensitivity from online videos on YouTube™ and evaluate the accuracy of the information given.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional investigation, two experienced periodontologists used the keyword ‘tooth sensitivity’ to conduct an organized search into YouTube videos containing knowledge regarding dentin hypersensitivity. Videos' type, origin, number of days since upload, duration, number of views, likes and dislikes, and comments were all noted; the viewing rate and interaction index were calculated. Videos were graded based on their content. The DISCERN and Global Quality Scales were used to rate each video's level of quality and reliability.ResultsAfter the initial 260 videos were examined, 199 were kept for additional study. Healthcare professionals, hospitals, and colleges posted the great majority of the videos. There was a significant positive relationship between the number of views and Total Content scores of the videos, the viewing rate, comments, and likes (p < 0.05). Significant relationships were obtained between total discernment, video type, source of upload, and global quality variables, and Total Content scores (p < 0.05).ConclusionsWhen looking for information on dentin hypersensitivity, patients might find watchable, reliable, and helpful videos on YouTube™.
Dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria
Authors: Murthy Aravind B. , Palaniappan Vijayasankar , Karthikeyan Kaliaperumal , Anbarasan Varshini 
Published: August 2023

AbstractReticulate pigmentary dyschromatoses primarily include dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria (DUH), dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria (DSH) (Reticulate acropigmentation of Dohi), and unilateral dermatomal pigmentary dermatosis, which differ in their patterns of distribution. The disease was initially described by Ichikawa and Hiraga in Germany in 1933. The prevalence of DUH is 0.3 per 100,000 with a female preponderance. The skin lesions usually appear in infancy or early childhood and cease to progress beyond adolescence. The subtypes DUH 1 and DUH 3 are found to have autosomal dominant inheritance, which is the most common inheritance pattern, while DUH 2 has an autosomal recessive pattern. The most common gene involved in DUH is ABCB6, while the other genes include SASH 1, PER 3, and KITLG (DUH type 2). DUH is characterized by multiple irregular hyperpigmented macules interspersed with hypopigmented macules in a mottled pattern over the trunk and extremities. The face is involved in 50% of individuals. Rarely, it can also involve hairs, nails, mucous membranes, palms, and soles. Other varied presentations include localized forms, localization of lesions to sun‐exposed areas, large macules, uniform palmar hypopigmentation, diffuse hyperpigmentation with spotty depigmented macules, and unilateral involvement. DUH has been reported to be associated with various cutaneous and systemic diseases. The authors have observed cases of DUH associated with hepatocellular carcinoma, solitary keratoacanthoma, and dermoid cyst. The various diagnostic modalities include dermoscopy, histopathology, electron microscopy, and targeted gene sequencing. Though various treatment modalities like NBUVB and lasers have been tried, no treatment is promising.
Sustainable food processing: single and interactive effects of type and quantity of brewers' spent grain and of type of sweetener on physicochemical and sensory characteristics of functional biscuits
Authors: Baiano Antonietta , Fiore Anna 
Published: August 2023

SummaryBarley brewers' spent grain (BSG), the main by‐product of the brewing industry, can be conveniently used as supplement in nourishing and stable foods such as bakery products. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of three factors – namely amount (40 or 50%) and type of brewers spent grain (malt + durum or malt + common wheat), and type of sweetener (honey or brown sugar) ‐ on the quality attributes of the biscuits, with particular attention to the functional aspects and sensory characteristics. The cereal mixtures (60% barley malt and 40% common or durum wheat) used in brewing and the corresponding BSG were analysed, too. BSG differed from the starting cereal mixtures for the lower concentration of gallic acid and the higher contents of vanillic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin, rutin, resveratrol, and kaempferol of the first. Biscuits fortified with 40% of BSG showed the highest total phenolic contents, received the highest overall quality scores if sweetened with brown sugar and, if formulated with RI, received significantly higher scores for flavour intensity, sweetness, crunchiness, and friability and significantly lower bitterness and fibrousness than those produced with DA.
Infection‐induced seroconversion and seroprevalence of SARS‐CoV‐2 among a cohort of children and youth in Montreal, Canada
Authors: Zinszer Kate , Charland Katia , Pierce Laura , Saucier Adrien , Hamelin Marie‐Ève , Da Torre Margot Barbosa , Carbonneau Julie , Nguyen Cat Tuong , De Serres Gaston , Papenburg Jesse , Boivin Guy , Quach Caroline 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe EnCORE study is a prospective serology study of SARS‐CoV‐2 in a cohort of children from Montreal, Canada. Based on data from our fourth round of data collection (May–October 2022), we estimated SARS‐CoV‐2 seroprevalence and seroconversion. Using multivariable regression, we identified factors associated with seroconversion. Our results show that previously seronegative children were approximately 9–12 times more likely to seroconvert during the early Omicron‐dominant period compared to pre‐Omicron rounds. Unlike the pre‐Omicron rounds, the adjusted rate of seroconversion among 2‐ to 4‐year‐olds was higher than older age groups. As seen previously, higher seroconversion rates were associated with ethnic/racial minority status.
Air‐stable, flexible Na3SbS4 thin membrane prepared via a dry‐film strategy
Authors: He Chengmiao , Gao Chengwei , Zhang Jiahui , Li Xu , Zhou Tianyue , Kang Shiliang , Tan Linling , Jiao Qing , Lin Changgui 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAll‐solid‐state sodium ion batteries (ASSIBs) attract growing attention as the next generation of batteries due to their high energy density, excellent safety, and the abundance of sodium resources. As a vital component of ASSIBs, chalcogenide Na‐ion solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) have been widely studied due to their high ionic conductivity and outstanding ductility. However, due to the susceptibility to organic solvents and moisture, no chalcogenide Na‐ion SSEs membrane has been reported while only thick SSEs pellets have been investigated, which introduces abundant “dead” weight and lowers the energy density of ASSIBs. Herein, utilizing the excellent air stability of Na3SbS4, a thin (∼220 μm) Na3SbS4 membrane is prepared in air via a facile dry‐film method with polytetrafluoroethylene fibrillation, which exhibits a high ionic conductivity of 0.19 mS cm and an excellent critical current density of 0.6 mA/cm2. In summary, the chalcogenide Na‐ion SSEs membranes with high ionic conductivity and the simple preparation process could be readily adopted by pragmatic high‐performance ASSIBs.
TaSi2‐modified HfB2–SiC coating: Preparation and ablation behavior
Authors: Zhang Jiaping , Hou Jiaqi , Zhou Lei , Ding Wuqing , Fu Qiangang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHfB2–SiC coatings modified with TaSi2 were prepared on carbon/carbon composites by slurry‐dipping combined with gaseous silicon infiltration. The effects of TaSi2 content on the microstructure and ablation performance were investigated. With 20 wt.% addition of TaSi2, the HfB2–SiC coating demonstrated the highest resistance to ablation under an oxyacetylene torch. The good ablation resistance was attributed to the formation of the Hf–Ta–Si–O compound phase, the Hf–Ta–O skeleton and the “sheet‐like” clusters. During ablation, the Hf–Ta–Si–O compound phase healed the defects and inhibited penetration of oxygen. Meanwhile, both the Hf–Ta–O skeleton and the “sheet‐like” clusters with good stability pinned the compound phase. They jointly enhanced the ablation performance of the coating.
Future directions in ceramic additive manufacturing: Fiber reinforcements and artificial intelligence
Authors: Rueschhoff Lisa M. , Baldwin Luke A. , Hardin James O. , Kaufman Jonathan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractResearch in the field of ceramic additive manufacturing (AM) has been rapidly accelerating, resulting in hundreds of publications and review articles in recent years. While strides have been made in forming near‐net and complex‐shaped ceramic components, challenges remain that inhibit more widespread implementation. In this perspective, we provide a meta‐analysis of recent review articles and highlight a deficiency in two areas of promising future directions to address remaining challenges. The first is incorporation of fiber reinforcements in printed parts to overcome the challenges of poor mechanical performance of monolithic ceramics. Recent work in the area has shown promise incorporating discrete fiber reinforcements as an easier use case given existing equipment limitations, but continuous fibers are needed to reach full toughness potential. Here, we overview some options and future directions bases on success in polymer composites. Second, artificial intelligence (AI) approaches, including machine learning (ML), are suggested in order to accelerate feedstock development and process optimization. While there has been very limited work to date in utilizing AI/ML techniques for ceramic AM, again inspiration and lessons learned are drawn from the polymer AM community.
Improved energy storage performance of NaNbO3‐based antiferroelectrics by tuning polarizability and defect engineering
Authors: Yang Letao , Kong Xi , Lin Yuan‐Hua , Zhang Shujun , Nan Ce‐Wen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNaNbO3‐based antiferroelectric ceramics are promising candidates for high‐performance energy storage capacitors due to their environmental friendliness and low cost despite their current energy storage properties being inferior to those of their lead‐based and AgNbO3‐based counterparts. Typically, the antiferroelectric phase in NaNbO3 ceramics is not stable and the characteristic double hysteresis loops are seldom observed. In this work, the antiferroelectricity was improved by reducing the polarizability, resulting in well‐developed double hysteresis loops in 0.94NaNbO3–0.06(K0.5Bi0.5)SnO3 ceramics. To further improve the energy storage properties, defect engineering was performed for 0.94NaNbO3–0.06(K0.5Bi0.5)SnO3 by substituting Na+ with La3+ and introducing Nb vacancies. As a result, the stability of the field‐induced ferroelectric phase was reduced, and the energy storage properties were enhanced. The strategy of combining polarizability design and defect engineering can be a promising approach for optimizing NaNbO3‐based antiferroelectric ceramics.
Training programme for community service providers who support adults with intellectual disabilities: A systematic quantitative literature review of single‐case research
Authors: Mullins Laura E. , Scott Victoria , Cox Alison D. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundResearch on training direct support professionals to address challenging behaviour exhibited by adults with intellectual disabilities is essential in generating effective training approaches for this sector. This systematic review's objective was to evaluate the effects of training types and whether specific training delivery components influenced outcomes.MethodsFollowing PRISMA (2020) guidelines, 16 single‐case design studies were included that directly evaluated behaviour change of service providers training for adults with intellectual disabilities in community settings. Study quality was assessed using Horner et al. (Exceptional Children, 2005, 71(2), 165–180) criteria. The database searched included Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, Embase, ERIC, Psych Info, and Web of Science.ResultsDescriptive analysis of effect size outcomes suggested that all training types were associated with improved outcomes. Further, in situ training was associated with improved service provider performance. Interestingly, feedback was associated with poorer service provider performance.ConclusionsWe provide possible explanations for this surprising outcome and propose future research.
Why studying the response of trait coordination to insularity matters?
Authors: Midolo Gabriele , Méndez‐Castro Francisco E. , Ottaviani Gianluigi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFunctional island biogeography can provide eco–evolutionary insights into which main drivers contribute to shaping the distribution of organisms' forms and functions on islands. It does so by examining trait patterns. As a result, traits are increasingly studied on islands, either along insularity gradients or by comparing patterns of island versus mainland biota. So far, functional island biogeography has investigated trends of trait values (i.e., average, functional diversity), whereas coordination between pairs of traits remains unexplored along insularity gradients. Yet, trait coordination analyses constitute the foundational tool to detect main functional spectra and strategies of organisms. In this perspective, we set out to offer a conceptual and analytical framework that should facilitate the inclusion of trait coordination (i.e., the co–variation of traits both at the intra– and interspecific level) in functional island biogeography. We illustrate, with a case study focused on persistence traits of edaphic island plant specialists, what type of insights can be gained by examining the response of trait coordination to variation in insularity. We asked two questions, namely whether, with increasing insularity, the strength of the relationship (R2) increases (Q1), and the direction of the relationship (slope) decreases (Q2). We positively answered our research questions, with lines of evidence suggesting a selective “forcing” towards tighter and more strongly coordinated strategies (Q1), and functional trade‐offs (Q2). We infer which ecological and biogeographic drivers could be behind the observed patterns, while acknowledging possible drawbacks. We conclude by identifying three main take–home messages and related future directions for integrating trait coordination in functional island biogeography to further advance the field.
Effectiveness and safety of tildrakizumab for the treatment of psoriasis in real‐world settings at 24 weeks: A retrospective, observational, multicentre study by the Spanish Psoriasis Group
Authors: Berenguer‐Ruiz Sonsoles , Aparicio‐Domínguez Mario , Herranz‐Pinto Pedro , Ruíz‐Villaverde Ricardo , López‐Ferrer Anna , Santos‐Juanes Jorge , Rodríguez Fernández‐Freire Lourdes , Hospital‐Gil Mercedes , Arias‐Santiago Salvador , Carretero‐Hernández Gregorio , Mateu‐Puchades Almudena , Ferran Marta , del Alcázar Elena , Santos‐Alarcón Sergio , Garcia‐Latasa de Aranibar Francisco Javier , Belinchón‐Romero Isabel , González‐Cantero Álvaro , Ruíz‐Genao Diana , Eiris‐Salvado Noemí , Rocamora‐Durán Vicenç , Rivera‐Diaz Raquel , de la Cueva Pablo , Daudén Esteban , Salgado‐Boquete Laura , Llamas‐Velasco Mar ,   Spanish Psoriasis Group of the Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundTildrakizumab is a humanized, IgG1/κ antibody that interacts with the p19 subunit of interleukin 23. It is approved for the treatment of moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis. Real‐world evidence on the effectiveness and safety of tildrakizumab is limited.ObjectivesTo assess the effectiveness and safety of tildrakizumab at 24 weeks in patients with moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis in routine clinical practice.MethodsRetrospective, observational, multicentre study including adult patients with moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis treated with tildrakizumab under real‐life conditions. Patient data were extracted from anonymized electronic medical records. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS22.ResultsA total of 190 patients were included. About 53.9% were men with a mean age of 51.45 (SD 3.9) and a mean BMI of 29.13 (SD 6.21). About 79.8% (132 out of 190) of patients had previously received biological therapy (BT) and 17.3% (33 out of 191) had psoriatic arthritis. Baseline PASI was 10.7 (SD 6.53). Up to 109 patients reached Week 24 and at this point mean baseline PASI decreased to 1.7 (SD 4.8), representing an 88.79% mean PASI reduction. At 6 months, 87.1% and 40.3% of the treated patients achieved PASI ≤3 and ≤1, respectively. At Week 24 mean BSA decreased from 13.2 (SD 10.07) to 1.6 (SD 4.40) and mean DLQI went from 12.5 (SD 7.12) to 1.2 (SD 3.27). Multivariate analysis showed no differences when effectiveness was correlated with gender, obesity, psoriatic arthritis or prior exposure to BT. The rate of adverse events (AE) was 5.9% (11 out of 190), where infections were the most frequent AE (4 out of 11). One patient suffered a haemorrhagic ictus and one patient died due to causes unrelated to the study.ConclusionTildrakizumab was effective and safe in a large cohort of patients with moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis treated in a routine clinical setting.