bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Managing change in the face of a pandemic: the case of Cargills (Ceylon) PLC
Authors: Senaratne Sanduni Ishara , Deyalage Piruni , Wickremasinghe Hashini T. , Navaratne Thilini , Piyasena Kinchigune Gamaralalage Chanaka Chameera 
Published: August 2023

Research methodology
This case study has been developed based on the primary data obtained through a series of interviews held with the senior management of Cargills, and the secondary data obtained from the company’s corporate website www.cargillsceylon.com/,annual reports and publicly available sources of information such as newspaper articles.

Case overview/synopsis
This case study focuses on the strategic responses employed by Cargills (Ceylon) PLC – a leading business conglomerate in Sri Lanka – in response to the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. The duration of this case study is from January 2020 to September 2021. The case study particularly examines the key business sectors of Cargills (Ceylon) PLC – retail, food manufacturing and quick service restaurants – which elaborate on the change management practices and strategies deployed by the company in each of these sectors during this challenging period. This study is based on the primary data gathered from the interviews held with the Cargills (Ceylon) PLC team, and the secondary data obtained from the corporate website of Cargills (Ceylon) PLC. This case study is most suitable to be taught in academic courses related to strategic change management.

Complexity academic level
The case is most suited to be discussed with undergraduates (3rd year and 4th year) following business and management studies related disciplines. While the pivotal area around which the case has been developed is strategic change management, covering environmental analysis, strategic analysis and process of change management, the case could also be used in strategic management classes, to discuss environmental analysis, strategic planning approaches and business and corporate level strategies.

Subject code
CSS 11: Strategy.
Neuro‐behavioural changes after acquired brain injury: The role of the occupational therapist; the interventions they use and why
Authors: Brown Anahita , Tse Tamara , Fortune Tracy 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionAlmost half of the people living with acquired brain injury experience behavioural changes, yet there is lack of clarity both in the literature, and through major stakeholders internationally, regarding how occupational therapists contribute to neuro‐behavioural rehabilitation and what their role is in this context.MethodsThis study answers the research question: What do occupational therapists perceive as their role in behavioural rehabilitation with adults living with acquired brain injury, and what treatment approaches, if any, are they using to promote occupation? A national, qualitative, bounded case study design using semi‐structured interviews was used to explore what the role of the occupational therapist is in neuro‐behavioural rehabilitation across subacute brain injury units in Australia.FindingsFour themes were identified which provide clarification on the role of the occupational therapist in neuro‐behavioural rehabilitation: You change the task, you change the environment, change the person; build a safe rapport; the sensory stuff is huge and, finally, owning how we think.ConclusionThis bounded case study provides insight into how occupational therapists perceive their role and the interventions they use to promote occupational engagement. The lack of recognition of the occupational therapist role is a barrier to providing appropriate neuro‐behavioural rehabilitation. This case study identified sensory approaches, building safe rapport and adapting the environment as the main interventions used in neuro‐behavioural rehabilitation by occupational therapists.
Suppression of hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal function by linzagolix in benign prostatic hyperplasia and polycystic ovary syndrome animal models
Authors: Tezuka Motohiro , Yonekubo‐Awaka Saori , Tamai Yasuaki , Tsuchioka Kumi , Kobayashi Kaoru , Kuramochi Yu , Tatemichi Satoshi , Nagasawa Tatsuya , Kiguchi Sumiyoshi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis is an important regulatory mechanism involved primarily in the development and regulation of the reproductive systems. The suppression of the HPG axis by gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) analogues is expected to be effective for the treatment of sex hormone‐dependent diseases, such as endometriosis, uterine fibroid, prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Despite the established involvement of GnRH signalling in these disorders, the therapeutic efficacy of small molecular GnRH antagonists for BPH and PCOS has not been adequately evaluated in non‐clinical studies. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the potential of linzagolix, a small molecular GnRH antagonist, as a potential new treatment option for BPH and PCOS. Dogs and rats exhibiting normal prostates and dogs diagnosed with prostatic hyperplasia were used to evaluate the effects of linzagolix in BPH. The effects of linzagolix were also examined in a rat model of PCOS induced by repeated administration of letrozole, an aromatase inhibitor. Linzagolix reduced serum luteinizing hormone and testosterone levels in male rats and normal or BPH model dogs and suppressed prostate weight without testosterone depletion, suggesting the existence of an optimal therapeutic testosterone level for BPH treatment. In a PCOS rat model, linzagolix improved both insulin resistance and ovarian dysfunction. Treatment with linzagolix decreased follicle‐stimulating hormone levels, but did not alter serum luteinizing hormone and testosterone levels. These results indicate that linzagolix may provide a new treatment option for GnRH‐related disorders, such as BPH and PCOS.
Teaching economics as though values matter
Authors: Angner Erik 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEconomics is permeated with value judgements, and removing them would be neither possible nor desirable. They are consequential, in the sense that they have a sizeable impact on economists’ output. Yet many economists may not even realise they are there. This paper surveys ways in which values influence economic theory and practice and explores some implications for the manner in which economics – especially welfare economics – is taught, practised and communicated. Explicit attention to values needs to be embedded in the teaching of economics at all levels.
The interaction of e‐cigarette use and mental health symptoms on risk of cigarette smoking initiation among young adults in the United States
Authors: Harlow Alyssa F. , Han Dae‐Hee , Eckel Sandrah P. , McConnell Rob , Leventhal Adam M. , Barrington‐Trimis Jessica L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsIt is unknown whether young adults who vape nicotine and have poor mental health have greater risk of smoking initiation than expected based on individual risks of vaping and mental health alone. This study aimed to estimate the joint association of vaping and mental health symptoms with smoking initiation among young adults, and test for additive interaction between vaping and mental health in smoking initiation risk.DesignUsing five waves of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (wave 1, 2013–2014; wave 2, 2014–2015; wave 3, 2015–2016; wave 4, 2016–2018; wave 5, 2018–2019), we estimated risk differences (RD) for the association of time‐varying and time‐lagged vaping and internalizing (e.g., anxiety, depressive) and externalizing (e.g., inattention/hyperactivity) mental health symptoms with cigarette smoking initiation at follow‐up, over four 1‐year intervals. We calculated interaction contrasts (IC) to estimate the excess risk of smoking initiation attributable to the interaction of vaping and mental health symptoms.SettingUnited States.ParticipantsA total of 6908 cigarette‐naïve individuals aged 18–24 years.MeasurementsExposures included current (past‐30 day) vaping and internalizing and externalizing mental health symptoms (high vs moderate/low symptoms). The outcome was smoking initiation (ever cigarette use) after 1 year.FindingsThe per‐interval risk of smoking initiation was 7.6% (1039 cases/13 712 person‐intervals). Compared with noncurrent vaping and moderate/low mental health symptoms, adjusted RDs for current vaping and high mental health symptoms were 17.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.2% to 27.3%) for internalizing and 18.7% (95%CI: 8.1% to 29.2%) for externalizing symptoms. The excess risk attributed to interaction of current vaping and high externalizing symptoms was IC = 11.3% (95%CI: 1.3% to 21.2%; P = 0.018), with inconclusive findings for internalizing symptoms (IC = 7.7% [95%CI: −2.2% to 17.7%; P = 0.097]).ConclusionsThere is possible, but inconclusive, superadditivity between vaping and mental health in risk of smoking initiation among young adults in the United States.
Parental perceptions of social and emotional well‐being of young children from Australian military families
Authors: Rogers Marg , Johnson Amy , Coffey Yumiko , Fielding Jill , Harrington Ingrid , Bhullar Navjot 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionMany Australian Defence Force (ADF) and Veteran families are affected by the stressors of Defence family life, including frequent and prolonged parental deployments, and frequent relocations.ObjectiveTo address a gap in information about Defence and Veteran (hereafter Defence) parents' knowledge, confidence and resources to support their young children's well‐being and build their resilience.DesignThis study used a mixed methods design to explore Defence parent's perceptions of their young children's (aged 2–8 years) social and emotional well‐being and understanding of their children's responses to unique stressors as well as their confidence in providing support. Data from 41 parents were available.FindingsOverall, parents reported positive well‐being evaluation of their children. However, just over a third of parents also reported that their children rarely cope well on two indicators combined (adapting to new situations and sharing negative emotions with others). Significantly, more than half of the parents (61%) were only partially confident in their ability to assist their children to cope with unique stressors in military families. Qualitative data provided further insights into children's struggle with relocations and parental absence and the challenges parents face in supporting them. Parents reported having limited access to effective age‐ and culturally appropriate resources to support their young children.DiscussionIn a first‐of‐its kind study, we found that Australian Defence parents reported their young children were coping on most of the key well‐being indicators. However, awareness of currently available supports for children remains a barrier as well as access to contextualised, age‐ and culturally appropriate resources are lacking.ConclusionThere is a need for access to free, quality, online, research‐based Australian resources to support young children from Defence families, especially for those living in regional and rural locations and are less likely to have access to mental health and other specialist supports.
Commentary: Climate‐Related Risks Disclosures in the Notes to Financial Statements: Descriptive Evidence from Australia
Authors: Li Ao , Lee Eric C.T. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper aims to provide background information about the International Accounting Standards Board's Climate‐Related Risks in the Financial Statements project. Further, we provide some observations of related disclosures in the notes to the 2022 financial statements of the top 75 Australian Securities Exchange‐listed entities. Overall, we find that there has been improvement in the disclosures and considerations of climate‐related risks in the financial statements in recent years. However, the disclosures appear to be generic, which may not meet the needs of financial statement users. We suggest that further research is needed to provide evidence about how such risks are considered and disclosed in the financial statements and whether such information meets user needs. Evidence will help standard setters to consider appropriate action, such as providing educational material or amending the Accounting Standards, to enhance the quality of financial reporting.
Key factors associated with 6‐thioguanine and 6‐methylmercaptopurine nucleotide concentrations in children treated by thiopurine for acute leukaemia and inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: de Beaumais Tiphaine Adam , Lorrain Simon , Mamhoudi Naura , Simonin Mathieu , Martinez Vinson Christine , Medard Yves , Petit Arnaud , Jacqz‐Aigrain Evelyne 
Published: August 2023

AimsAzathioprine (AZA) and 6‐mercaptopurine are prescribed in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Metabolism to active 6‐thioguanine (6TGN) and 6‐methylmercaptopurine nucleotides (6MMPN) is variable but therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) remains debatable. This study reports on factors impacting on red blood cell (RBC) metabolites concentrations in children to facilitate TDM interpretation.MethodsThe first paediatric TDM samples received during year 2021 were analysed, whatever indication and thiopurine drug. Target concentration ranges were 200–500, <6000 pmol/8 × 108 RBC for 6TGN and 6MMPN.ResultsChildren (n = 492) had IBD (64.8%), ALL (22.6%) or another autoimmune disease (12.6%): mean ages at TDM were 7.5 in ALL and 13.7 years in IBD (P < .0001). ALL received 6‐mercaptopurine (mean dose 1.7 mg/kg/d with methotrexate), IBD received AZA (1.9 mg/kg/d with anti‐inflammatory drugs and/or monoclonal antibodies). Median 6TGN and 6MMPN concentrations were 213.7 [interquartile range: 142.5; 309.6] and 1144.6 [419.4; 3574.3] pmol/8 × 108 RBC, 38.8% of patients were in the recommended therapeutic range for both compounds. Aminotransferases and blood tests were abnormal in 57/260 patients: 8.1% patients had high alanine aminotransaminase, 3.4% of patients had abnormal blood count. Factors associated with increased 6TGN were age at TDM and thiopurine methyltransferase genotype in ALL and AZA dose in IBD. The impact of associated treatment in IBD patients was also significant.ConclusionTDM allowed identification of children who do not reach target levels or remain over treated. Including TDM in follow‐up may help physicians to adjust dosage with the aim of reducing adverse effects and improve treatment outcome.
Life motion signals bias the perception of apparent motion direction
Authors: Ge Yiping , Yu Yiwen , Huang Suqi , Huang Xinyi , Wang Li , Jiang Yi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWalking direction conveyed by biological motion (BM) cues, which humans are highly sensitive to since birth, can elicit involuntary shifts of attention to enhance the detection of static targets. Here, we demonstrated that such intrinsic sensitivity to walking direction could also modulate the direction perception of simultaneously presented dynamic stimuli. We showed that the perceived direction of apparent motion was biased towards the walking direction even though observers had been informed in advance that the walking direction of BM did not predict the apparent motion direction. In particular, rightward BM cues had an advantage over leftward BM cues in altering the perception of motion direction. Intriguingly, this perceptual bias disappeared when BM cues were shown inverted, or when the critical biological characteristics were removed from the cues. Critically, both the perceptual direction bias and the rightward advantage persisted even when only local BM cues were presented without any global configuration. Furthermore, the rightward advantage was found to be specific to social cues (i.e., BM), as it vanished when non‐social cues (i.e., arrows) were utilized. Taken together, these findings support the existence of a specific processing mechanism for life motion signals and shed new light on their influences in a dynamic environment.
Folate trapping is lethal to cancer cells
Authors: Rather Gulam Mohmad 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRegulation of formate flux by a key folate enzyme, MTHFD2 (methylene tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2) in cancer cells remains poorly understood. Green et al. (Nature Metabolism, 2023; 5: 642–659) showed an interesting phenomenon of “folate trapping” toxicity leads to cancer cell kill using a potent inhibitor (TH9619) against the dehydrogenase and cyclohydrolase (DC) activities of cytosolic methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1 (cMTHFD1) and nuclear methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2 (nMTHFD2), but not the mitochondrial MTHFD2 (mTHFD2). But, mMTHFD2 is required for formate flow to cytosol which leads to the trapping of 10‐formyl tetrahydrofolate and causes toxicity by TH9619 treatment, to kill cancer cells expressing mMTHFD2. This article opens new avenues to be evaluated for therapeutic benefits of cancer patients where MTHFD2 shows overexpression viz‐a‐viz breast, prostate, colorectal, acute myeloid leukemia, and other cancer types.
Design and characterization of a novel tumor‐homing cell‐penetrating peptide for drug delivery in TGFBR3 high‐expressing tumors
Authors: Wu Yi‐Jie , Lei Jin , Zhao Jian , Cao Xue‐Wei , Wang Fu‐Jun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTargeted therapy has attracted more and more attention in cancer treatment in recent years. However, due to the diversity of tumor types and the mutation of target sites on the tumor surface, some existing targets are no longer suitable for tumor therapy. In addition, the long‐term administration of a single targeted drug can also lead to drug resistance and attenuate drug potency, so it is important to develop new targets for tumor therapy. The expression of Type III transforming growth factor β receptor (TGFBR3) is upregulated in colon, breast, and prostate cancer cells, and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of these cancers, so TGFBR3 may be developed as a novel target for tumor therapy, but so far there is no report on this research. In this study, the structure of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4), one of the ligands of TGFBR3 was analyzed through the docking analysis with TGFBR3 and sequence charge characteristic analysis, and a functional tumor‐targeting penetrating peptide T3BP was identified. The results of fluorescent labeling experiments showed that T3BP could target and efficiently enter tumor cells with high expression of TGFBR3, especially A549 cells. When the expression of TGFBR3 on the surface of tumor cells (HeLa) was knocked down by RNA interference, the high delivery efficiency of T3BP was correspondingly reduced by 40%, indicating that the delivery was TGFBR3‐dependent. Trichosanthin (TCS, a plant‐derived ribosome inactivating protein) fused with T3BP can enhance the inhibitory activity of the fusion protein on A549 cells by more than 200 times that of TCS alone. These results indicated that T3BP, as a novel targeting peptide that can efficiently bind TGFBR3 and be used for targeted therapy of tumors with high expression of TGFBR3. This study enriches the supply of tumor‐targeting peptides and provides a new potential application option for the treatment of tumors with high expression of TGFBR3.
mGluR1/IP3/ERK signaling pathway regulates vestibular compensation in ON UBCs of the cerebellar flocculus
Authors: Liu Dan , Wang Jun , Tian E. , Chen Jingyu , Kong Weijia , Lu Yisheng , Zhang Sulin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimsTo investigate the role of mGluR1α in cerebellar unipolar brush cells (UBC) in mediating vestibular compensation (VC), using mGluR1α agonist and antagonist to modulate ON UBC neurons, and explore the mGluR1/IP3/extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway.MethodsFirst, AAV virus that knockdown ON UBC (mGluR1α) were injected into cerebellar UBC by stereotactic, and verified by immunofluorescence and western blot. The effect on VC was evaluated after unilateral labyrinthectomy (UL). Second, saline, (RS)‐3,5‐dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG), and LY367385 were injected into tubes implanted in rats at different time points after UL separately. The effect on ON UBC neuron activity was evaluated by immunofluorescence. Then, Phosphoinositide (PI) and p‐ERK1/2 levels of mGluR1α were analyzed by ELISA after UL. The protein levels of p‐ERK and total ERK were verified by western blot. In addition, the effect of mGluR1α activation or inhibition on VC‐related behavior was observed.ResultsmGluR1α knockdown induced VC phenotypes. DHPG increased ON UBC activity, while LY367385 reduced ON UBC activity. DHPG group showed an increase in PI and p‐ERK1/2 levels, while LY367385 group showed a decrease in PI and p‐ERK1/2 levels in cerebellar UBC of rats. The western blot results of p‐ERK and total ERK confirm and support the observations. DHPG alleviated VC‐related behavior phenotypes, while LY367385 exacerbated vestibular decompensation‐like behavior induced by UL.ConclusionmGluR1α activity in cerebellar ON UBC is crucial for mediating VC through the mGluR1/IP3/ERK signaling pathway, which affects ON UBC neuron activity and contributes to the pathogenesis of VC.
Strain‐derived myocardial work in wild‐type transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis with aortic stenosis—diagnosis and prognosis
Authors: Ladefoged Bertil , Pedersen Anders Lehmann Dahl , Clemmensen Tor Skibsted , Poulsen Steen Hvitfeldt 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundSeveral echocardiographic parameters have been suggested to differentiate wild‐type transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTRwt) from other causes of hypertrophy. These studies have all been performed in small samples of mixed cardiac amyloidosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of echocardiographic parameters in patients with ATTRwt and aortic stenosis (AS) versus patients with AS. The secondary aim was to investigate the role of myocardial work in the prognosis of patients with ATTRwt.MethodsThe sensitivity and specificity of the relative apical sparing ratio (RAS), the apical‐to‐basal ratio (AB), the ejection‐fraction‐to‐global‐longitudinal‐strain ratio (EF/GLS), and the global myocardial work index (GWI) were calculated using receiver‐operated characteristics curves and area under the curve (AUC) in patients with ATTRwt and AS (n = 50) versus patients with AS (n = 354). Multivariable regression was used to assess the prognostic value of GWI in patients with ATTRwt (n = 212).ResultsWhen used to identify AS from ATTRwt + AS, GWI had a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 70%. The AUC of GWI was larger than that of AB (p = .01) and EF/GLS (p > .01) but not RAS (p = .15). In patients with ATTRwt multivariable regression found age predicted mortality with an estimate of HR = 1.086 (CI: 1.034–1.141) while GWI predicted survival with an estimate of HR = .837 (CI: .733–.956) per 100 mmHg*% increase.ConclusionGWI was demonstrated to be a viable classifier in ATTRwt and AS versus AS. GWI was demonstrated to independently predict survival in patients with ATTRwt. Further studies examining the role of myocardial work in ATTRwt are warranted.