bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Effectiveness of Pharmacological versus Non-pharmacological Interventions for Migraine Management: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Alsakhairi Ali Abed , Almazyad Laura Abdulaziz , Alarifi Ahmad Ibrahim , Almanea Sarah Hamad , Alradady Rahaf , Alharbi Fahad Khulaif , Alsubaie Faisal Homoud , Alzahrani Adel Samah , Alqasoumi Mohammed Saleh , Alawad Fatema Hani , Aldanyowi Saud Nayef , Fatani Ghadeer Mohammad 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Non-pharmacological interventions are increasingly explored as alternatives to pharmacological treatments for managing migraine, with the aim of reducing attack frequency and migraine days per month. This meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions versus pharmacological treatments in addressing these parameters.

Methods:
The present study conforms to the PRISMA guidelines for conducting systematic review and meta-analysis. An electronic search was conducted with PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases for articles published between 2000 and 2024. RCTs that compare non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatments of migraine patients were included. Details of data extraction and analysis were done by two researchers, while statistical analysis was done using R 4.2.2. For continuous data, the mean differences with the corresponding 95% CIs and the I² statistic for heterogeneity were used.

Results:
A significant reduction in attack frequency per month was observed with non-pharmacological interventions compared to pharmacological treatments, as indicated by a negative mean difference (−0.2896) in the common effect model. However, the random effects model suggested greater variability in results, highlighting the need for nuanced interpretation. No statistically significant difference was found in migraine days per month between the two interventions, although observed heterogeneity underscores the importance of individualized approaches in migraine management.

Discussion:
Publication bias was detected in the analysis of attack frequency, emphasizing the need for cautious interpretation. The assessment of study quality revealed limitations, indicating the necessity for improved reporting standards and methodological rigor in migraine research.

Conclusion:
Non-pharmacological interventions show effectiveness in decreasing migraine attack frequency compared to pharmacological treatments, highlighting their potential in symptom management. Nevertheless, the variability in outcomes and the presence of publication bias advise against making conclusive judgments. The intricate management of migraines necessitates personalized strategies that align with the unique needs of each patient.
Assessing the Effectiveness and Safety of Empagliflozin in Type 2 Diabetics with Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Alharbi Hassan Abdulmohsen , Albasri Reem Abdulrahman Naser , Jan Raghad Abdulmohsen , Hamood Nouf Abdulraheem , Alqahtani Faisal Mohammed M. , Alsuwaylih Mohammed Abdulmajeed , Alanazi Yousef Abdulhadi , Mohaini Mohammad Al 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS), comprising ST-elevation myocardial infarction, non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction and unstable angina, is a significant coronary heart disease subcategory causing one-third of deaths in individuals aged 35 and above. Risk factors for ACS include smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia and more. Diabetes mellitus, linked to cardiovascular (CV) disease risk factors, increases coronary artery disease (CAD) mortality risk by 2–4 times and negatively impacts post-myocardial infarction prognosis. Empagliflozin, an antidiabetic agent for type 2 diabetes patients, works by inhibiting sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) in kidneys, reducing renal glucose reabsorption and increasing urinary glucose excretion. SGLT2 inhibitors like empagliflozin may lower CV event risks, reduce heart failure hospitalisations and improve cardiac function parameters. However, specific empagliflozin outcomes on diabetic patients with CAD need further meta-analysis investigation.

Methods:
We conducted a comprehensive search across four electronic databases (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science) up until April 2024, to identify pertinent studies evaluating the effectiveness of empagliflozin in the treatment of type 2 diabetics with acute coronary syndrome. The quality of evidence from trials was assessed using the Risk of Bias tool 1. The data from the included studies were extracted into a uniform online sheet and analysed using RevMan 5.4.

Results:
Our search led to the identification of four studies involving a total of 729 patients. The meta-analysis results demonstrated that empagliflozin had a statistically significant effect on patients’ HbA1C (mean difference [MD] = −0.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] [ − 0.39, 0.00]) and a statistically significant P = 0.05. In addition, empagliflozin could reduce body weight (MD = −2.46, 95% CI [−3.35, −1.57]) and systolic blood pressure placebo (MD = −9.25, 95% CI [−12.87, −5.62]). Results showed no heterogeneity.

Conclusion:
This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrate that empagliflozin effectively lowers HbA1C levels and body weight in diabetic patients. However, it does not significantly influence other factors such as estimated glomerular filtration rate, haematocrit, left ventricular ejection fraction per cent, fasting blood sugar, NT-proBNP levels, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, blood pressure, body mass index or rates of CV events, heart failure, CV death and liver injury. Overall, empagliflozin appears to have a favourable safety profile, showing no increased risk of adverse CV or liver-related events compared to a placebo.
Does excessive Caffeine Intake Increase the Risk of Atrial Fibrillation? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of 1176579 Subjects
Authors: Al-Fadhel Jinan Ali , Al-Sharidi Eman Mohammed , Alashjaee Ahmed Azam , Almutairi Shatha Shayan , Alsahli Renad Fahad , Alsuwaylih Mohammed Abdulmajeed , Alanazi Yousef Abdulhadi , Alawad Fatema Hani , Alshamoosi Mohammed Salman , Aldanyowi Saud Nayef , Mohaini Mohammad Al 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
A conflict exists among studies regarding the association between caffeine and atrial fibrillation (AF). Due to the high variability among the published studies, we conducted this comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the risk and compare the incidence of AF between excessive and minimal caffeine intake.

Methods:
We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis by searching for all eligible articles on PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus from inception to April 2024. We used the following search strategy depending on two main keywords (Caffeine and atrial fibrillation): (‘Coffee’ OR ‘Caffeine’ OR ‘Tea’) AND (‘Atrial fibrillation’ OR ‘AF’ OR ‘Arrhythmia’).

Results:
There was no significant difference between extensive and minimal caffeine intake and the risk of AF measured by odds ratio (OR) as the OR was 1.07, (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.63, 1.81, P = 0.79 and I
2 = 97%, P < 0.00001. Regarding the hazard ratio (HR) of AF comparing the excessive and minimal caffeine intake, the pooled HR was 0.98, (95% CI: 0.9, 1.07, P = 0.56 and I
2 = 72%, P < 0.00001.

Conclusion:
The consumption of high doses of caffeine was shown to have no association with increased risk of AF when compared to minimal caffeine consumption across different included studies. However, the evidence is not very strong due to the retrospective design and the variety in doses of caffeine. Thus, further prospective studies are recommended with adjustments to caffeine doses to produce better evidence.
Safety and Efficacy of Sarilumab in Methotrexate-unresponsive Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: A Meta-analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
Authors: Tayara Abdelwareth Ayman , Alhejaili Khaled Adel , Almutawa Khalid Mohammed , Karawi Hussain Tariq , Alabdulla Hussain , Al Muaiweed Rafyel Saleh , Masri Bachr Ibrahim , Alghamdi Reema Saleh , Alawad Fatema Hani , AlAidarous Hasan Ali Abdullah 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients now have significantly better clinical outcomes thanks to biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs that target tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-6 receptor; T cell costimulatory blockade therapies; B cell depletion therapies and the newer generation of kinase inhibitors. The aim of the current systematic review and meta-analysis is to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of the use of different sarilumab doses in methotrexate (MTX)-unresponsive RA patients or who have inadequate response.

Methods:
By adherence to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis by searching for all eligible articles on PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus from inception till March 2024. We used the following search strategy depending on two main keywords: ‘Sarilumab’ AND ‘Rheumatoid arthritis’ OR ‘RA’.

Results:
A statistically significant difference was obtained between those taking sarilumab and those taking placebo regarding the change from baseline of C reactive protein with mean difference (MD) of −17.29 (95% CI: −21.75, −12.84, P < 0.00001) with a statistically significant heterogeneity. Furthermore, there was a statistically significant difference between both groups regarding health assessment questionnaire disability index and pain scores as the sarilumab caused more reduction compared to placebo with MD of − 0.28 (95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.32, −0.24, P < 0.00001) and −11.2 (95% CI: −12.68, −9.72, P < 0.00001) with significant heterogeneity, respectively. Sarilumab caused more reduction in the number of swollen and tender joints compared to placebo with MD of −3.09 (95% CI: −3.52, −2.66, P < 0.00001) and − 5.41 (95% CI: −6.86, −3.97, P < 0.00001), with significant heterogeneity, respectively.

Conclusion:
The current study showed that using different doses of sarilumab is associated with improved outcomes in RA patients who are unresponsive or have inadequate response to MTX in addition to the presence of comparable serious adverse events (AEs) between sarilumab and placebo. However, sarilumab was associated with more AEs that did not require drug discontinuation.
Effects of Dabigatran versus Traditional Warfarin on Major Bleeding Events in Atrial Fibrillation Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Khamag Yara Abdullah , Alghanim Danya Fayiz Ahmed , Alsawyan Watin Ahmed , Alasiri Naif Ahmed Ali , Alabdali Samer Fahad , Albuhayri Asma Hamed , Almutairi Nada Abdullah , Alhassoun Reefal Ali , Alsuwaylih Mohammed Abdulmajeed , Alawad Fatema Hani , Alanazi Ali Farhan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
This systematic review and meta-analysis investigate the effects of dabigatran compared to traditional warfarin on major bleeding events in patients with atrial fibrillation. By synthesising data from relevant studies, this analysis aims to provide insights into the comparative safety profiles of these anticoagulant medications in managing atrial fibrillation.

Materials and Methods:
The search strategy focused on electronic databases using keywords related to dabigatran, warfarin and atrial fibrillation, with a language restriction to English. Quality assessment was conducted using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale to evaluate bias in the selected studies. The study selection criteria included retrospective trials comparing bleeding complications between dabigatran and warfarin in atrial fibrillation patients. Data extraction and quality assessment were conducted independently by two investigators. Statistical analyses were performed using R software to assess heterogeneity and risk ratios, employing both random-effects and common-effect models for comprehensive insights.

Results:
The meta-analysis revealed a significant association between dabigatran and major bleeding events compared to warfarin, yet with notable heterogeneity across studies. While no significant publication bias was evident, caution was warranted due to uncertainty in certain estimates. The variability in study quality underscored the need for meticulous methodological appraisal.

Conclusions:
These findings enhance our understanding of anticoagulant safety profiles, guiding clinical practice and future research in the management of atrial fibrillation.
The Impact of Digital Interventions and Social Media on Maternal Health amongst Pregnant Women and New Mothers: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
Authors: Alnughaymishi Refal , Alsaeed Noor , Alharbi Rawan , Alqahtani Nourah Mushabab , AL-Zeair Seba , Essa Shahd , Alshulah Zainab , Alawad Fatema Hani , Ahmed Rufaida Alhafiz Alsayed M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
With the increasing use of digital technologies, such as social media and mobile health applications, this systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate their impact on maternal mental and physical health during pregnancy.

Methods:
Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines, we analysed clinical randomised trials assessing the effectiveness of social media and mobile health apps. Nine randomised controlled trials (RCTs) involving 1273 participants were included, focusing on mental health parameters (depression and anxiety) and physical health outcomes (birth weight, gestational weight gain, large for gestational age [LGA], small for gestational age [SGA] and neonatal intensive care unit [NICU] admissions), along with secondary outcomes (macrosomia, gestational diabetes mellitus [GDM] and vacuum extraction).

Results:
The meta-analysis showed no significant difference in depression (mean difference [MD] = −0.16, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −1.9–0.78, P = 0.74) and anxiety levels (MD = −0.03, 95% CI: −0.84–0.78, P = 0.94) between intervention and control groups. Birth weight analysis across five studies with 930 participants also showed no significant difference (MD = 0.04, 95% CI: −0.012–0.04, P = 0.33). However, gestational weight gain showed a significant difference in four studies involving 707 participants (MD = -2.60, 95% CI: −3.16 to − 2.04, P < 0.0001). No significant associations were found LGA (Odds ratio [OR] = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.34–1.1, P = 0.10), SGA (OR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.54–1.4, P = 1.39), NICU admissions (OR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.63–1.4, P = 0.76), hypoglycaemia of newborn (OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.13–3.4, P = 0.63), macrosomia (OR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.15–1.85, P = 0.31), vacuum extraction (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.42–1.63, P = 0.58) and GDM (OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.63–1.61, P = 0.97).

Conclusions:
This study suggests that digital interventions, specifically social media and mobile health apps, show potential in reducing gestational weight gain but have a limited impact on other maternal health parameters. The small sample size of the included studies highlights the need for larger-scale research. Future studies should explore various types of digital interventions to provide more definitive conclusions on their impact on maternal health.
The Link between Insufficient Sleep and the Onset of Obesity as well as the Efficacy of Sleep Interventions in Mitigating Weight Gain amongst Pre-school-aged Children – A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Alsultan Leyan Sultan , Aljawaied Raneem Abdulrahman , Althubyani Shatha Ali , Almalki Shahad Nawaf , Alothman Atheer Othman , Khuzayyim Ahmed Ali , Sultan Khawla Siddiq , Alawad Fatema Hani , Al Mohaini Mohammad 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective:
The objective of this research is twofold: first, to ascertain whether insufficient sleep correlates with the occurrence of obesity and second, to explore whether interventions aimed at improving sleep patterns can mitigate weight gain in preschoolers.

Methods:
A thorough search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane databases was conducted up to 9th December 2019. For the first objective, prospective studies with a follow-up period of at least 1 year were included, assessing sleep duration at baseline alongside relevant outcome measures. For the second objective, intervention trials implementing sleep-focused interventions and measuring indicators of overweight or obesity were considered. Data extraction followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines.

Results:
Children with shorter sleep durations were found to be at a higher risk of developing overweight or obesity, as indicated by a pooled analysis of 13 studies involving 42,878 participants (relative risk: 1.54; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.33–1.77; P < 0.001). In addition, there was a significant association between sleep duration and changes in body mass index (BMI) Z-score, based on the data from 10 studies across 11 cohorts with a total of 29,553 participants, showing a mean difference of − 0.02 units per hour of sleep (95% CI: −0.03 to − 0.01; P < 0.001). Moreover, four out of five intervention studies reported positive outcomes, demonstrating improvements in BMI (−0.27 kg/m2; 95% CI: −0.50 to − 0.03; P = 0.03) and BMI Z-score (−0.07 units; 95% CI: −0.12 to − 0.02; P = 0.006), suggesting that enhancing sleep quality may help reduce weight gain in pre-school children.

Conclusion:
These results suggest that insufficient sleep duration is a significant risk factor for the development of obesity in pre-school children. In addition, intervention studies imply that enhancing sleep quality may be linked to a reduction in weight gain amongst these young children.
Safety and Efficacy of Vilazodone in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
Authors: Aleid Abdulsalam Mohammed , Alhiqwi Ibrahim Jaber , Alessa Abdullah Ahmed , Alzahuf Shuruq Mohammed H. , Alzahrani Hessah , Al-Ramadhan Ahmed Mohammed , Alharthi Abdulaziz Matar , Kariri Atyaf Ali , Alzubaidi Amirah Saleh , Alharbi Ghaiah Jaber , Qrmli Abdulaziz 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Vilazodone is an antidepressant commonly used in the management of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, optimal dosage regimens, comparative effectiveness and long-term safety of vilazodone remain areas of ongoing research and debate. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the safety and efficacy of vilazodone in patients with MDD.

Methods:
Multiple databases: PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science were searched for randomised controlled trials following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Outcome measures included efficacy in reducing Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAMA) scores and safety profiles, particularly adverse events (AEs) leading to discontinuation.

Results:
The meta-analysis revealed a significant reduction in HAMA scores at the 20 mg dosage of vilazodone (mean difference: 0.13 with 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.01, 0.25], P = 0.04) compared to placebo. However, no significant differences were observed at the 40 mg dosage or in other efficacy outcomes. Safety analysis indicated higher rates of discontinuance due to AEs (risk ratio [RR]: 4.49 with 95% CI [3.05, 6.62], P < 0.001), dizziness (RR: 1.32 with 95% CI [1.00, 1.74], P = 0.05), dry mouth (RR: 1.38 with 95% CI [1.00, 1.89], P = 0.05), headache (RR: 1.22 with 95% CI [1.01, 1.46], P = 0.03), nausea (RR: 2.62 with 95% CI [2.19, 3.14], P < 0.001) and vomiting (RR: 2.10 with 95% CI [1.34, 3.28], P = 0.001) compared than the placebo group.

Conclusion:
Vilazodone demonstrates efficacy in reducing anxiety symptoms in MDD patients at 20 mg dosage but shows no significant differences at higher doses. Safety concerns, higher rates of discontinuation due to AEs, dizziness, dry mouth, headache, nausea and vomiting in the vilazodone group.
Efficacy of Aripiprazole in Enhancing Cognitive Functions in Psychiatric Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Alnajjar Ghadi Eyad , Alsalamah Renad Khalid , Aldughayim Sultan Sulaiman , Alhodibi Mostafa Habeeb 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Psychiatric disorders have many symptoms including decline in cognitive symptoms. Parkinson’s disease significantly affects the patient quality of life. Aripiprazole, which is atypical antipsychotic, has a unique mechanism of action that may improve cognitive functions due to its activity at dopamine D2 receptors.

Materials and Methods:
We adhered to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines and conducted a comprehensive search across many databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane Library. We focused on randomised controlled trials and cohort studies that investigated the cognitive effects of Aripiprazole. Data from selected studies were extracted and analysed using RevMan and we used ROB2 and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale tools for quality and bias assessment.

Results:
Our meta-analysis included 751 patients from nine studies. Results indicated that Aripiprazole significantly improved working memory (standardised mean difference [SMD] 0.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.18, 0.78], P = 0.002) and cognitive flexibility as measured by Trails A (SMD − 0.27, 95% CI [−0.49, −0.05], P = 0.02) and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test Perseverations errors (SMD − 0.42, 95% CI [−0.69, −0.15], P = 0.003). However, no significant changes were observed in verbal learning (SMD 0.15, 95% CI [−0.10, 0.40], P = 0.23), verbal fluency (SMD − 0.05, 95% CI [−0.32, 0.22], P = 0.71) or performance in Trails B (SMD 0.10, 95% CI [−0.25, 0.45], P = 0.58). The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised Digit Symbol test also showed no significant improvement (SMD − 0.02, 95% CI [−0.28, 0.24], P = 0.86).

Conclusion:
Our findings demonstrated that Aripiprazole has a significant positive effect on specific cognitive functions such as working memory and cognitive flexibility in psychiatric patients. This supports its role in utility as a cognitive enhancer.
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Comparing between Surgical and Non-surgical Management of Acute Tendon Achilles Rupture
Authors: Aleid Abdulsalam Mohammed , Alhassoun Reefal Ali , Bakr Muneer Ahmad , Ahmed Shahda , Aljefri Shatha Hassan , Alaried Badur Meshal H. , AlAidarous Hasan Ali Abdullah , Aldanyowi Saud Nayef Salem 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
An Achilles tendon injury affects 31.17 out of 100,000 people annually, and it significantly lowers the quality of life for those who suffer from it–mostly young, energetic people. There are various choices for therapy, from conservative measures to open or percutaneous surgical repair. There is not been an agreement on which every patient has a chosen method of treatment. For the purpose of this study, we thoroughly examined the literature to find the best available data on the treatment of acute Achilles’ tendon rupture.

Methods:
We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis in accordance with the guidelines outlined in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions as well as adhering to the recommendations set forth by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses statement.

Results and Conclusion:
In summary, the main result of this meta-analysis was that there was a statistically significant difference between surgical versus non-surgical in terms of re-rupture rate and no statistical difference in terms of deep-vein thrombosis.