bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The 25 March 1993 Scotts Mills, Oregon, earthquake and aftershock sequence: Spatial distribution, focal mechanisms, and the Mount Angel Fault
Authors: Thomas G. C. , Crosson R. S. , Carver D. L. , Yelin T. S. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The 25 March 1993 ML = 5.7 crustal earthquake near Scotts Mills, Oregon, was the largest earthquake to occur in the Pacific Northwest in over a decade. The mainshock was located at 45.033°N, 122.586°W and at a depth of about 15.1 km, based on arrival time data from the short-period Pacific Northwest Seismograph Network. Beginning about 12 h after the mainshock, investigators from the U.S. Geological Survey deployed 22 digital seismographs to record aftershocks. Using data from the temporary and permanent stations, we analyzed a subset of 50 aftershocks with quality locations. Hypocenters of these aftershocks lie on a northwest-trending steeply dipping plane (strike 290 ± 10°, dipping 60 ± 5° to the north-northeast), in agreement with the preferred slip plane of the mainshock focal mechanism solution (strike 294°, dipping 58° to the north-northeast). The planar structure defined by the aftershock locations may be a southeast continuation of the Mount Angel Fault, a reverse fault identified from both surface and subsurface evidence. The mapped southeast extent of the Mount Angel Fault is located less than 10 km west of the Scotts Mills epicentral region. In addition, the mainshock focal mechanism solution, with a combination of reverse motion and right-lateral strike slip, has a geometry and sense of motion consistent with the Mount Angel Fault. While aftershock focal mechanisms are varied, P axes are consistently oriented in a subhorizontal north-south direction. This earthquake sequence, together with the geological and geophysical evidence for the Mount Angel Fault, suggests a significant crustal earthquake hazard for this region of northwest Oregon.
Complexity of intracontinental seismic faultings: The Gazli, Uzbekistan, sequence
Authors: Bossu R. , Grasso J. R. , Plotnikova L. M. , Nurtaev B. , Fréchet J. , Moisy M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Reconnaissance of scismic activity in the area of the three MS ∼ 7 Gazli earthquakes (8 April and 17 May 1976 and 19 March 1984) was carried out during May through June 1991 as part of a collaborative program between the University of Grenoble and the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek Republic. More than 300 events (−0.3 &lt; ML &lt; 4.0) recorded by at least six stations were located using an array of 16 seismic stations. We study this 70 × 50 km area using (1) seismic activity recorded for the 15 yr following the 1976, MS ∼ 7 sequence, and 7 yr after the last mainshock; (2) the rupture planes of the three mainshocks deduced from geodetic data; (3) fault patterns deduced from satellite images; and (4) location by the Uzbek network of the main aftershock activity and the available focal mechanisms. The seismicity recorded in 1991 is located mainly at shallow depth, but both 1991 hypocenter locations and geodetic fault planes appear to be bounded by a critical 20-to 25-km depth, i.e., the thickness we propose for the local brittle crust. Most of the earthquakes located by the 1991 dense seismic survey were located southward of the 1984 geodetically determined rupture plane, and this seismic activity does not exhibit any link with the 1976 mainshocks. Since the onset of the sequence, on April 1976, the seismicity has unilaterally migrated 90 km along a N240°E direction. There are no simple mechanisms to explain this overall migration, even taking into account the potential role of the exploitation of a local gas field. The direction defined by the epicenters of the largest events of the 1976 to 1993 period is correlated with the direction of one of the main structural populations. We propose that this seismic fault population represents a structurally immature fault zone that could explain both the occurrence of three major earthquakes and the variety of seismic fault plane orientations within the immature fault network. Within such an immature fault network, energy partitioning for three M = 7 earthquakes appears as a more efficient system than the energy release by a single M ≧ 7.3 mainshock.
Elastic finite-difference modeling of strong motion in Ashigara Valley for the 1990 Odawara, Japan, earthquake
Authors: Pitarka Arben , Suetsugu Daisuke , Takenaka Hiroshi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Finite-difference seismograms are calculated for the 1990 Odawara earthquake to model transverse and radial components of strong-motion data. Using a basin structure derived from a geotechnical survey and double-couple solution determined from P first-motion data and SH/SV amplitude ratio, two-dimensional SH and P/SV finite-difference calculation, along with correction for soft surface layers, reproduces the observed spatial variation in amplitude and waveform of the transverse and radial records at the Ashigara Valley blind prediction sites for frequencies up to 2 Hz. Comparison of the synthetic and the observed seismograms suggests that the observed spatial variation in the SH amplitude is attributed to the source radiation and amplification due to the soft surface layers, while the SV amplitude variation is controlled by the amplification due to the sedimentary basin as well as the source and surface-layer effects.
Discrimination between local microearthquakes and quarry blasts by multi-layer perceptrons and Kohonen maps
Authors: Musil Miloslav , Plešinger Axel 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The results of the application of artificial neural nets (ANNs) to discriminating microearthquakes from quarry and mining blasts in the West Bohemia earthquake swarm region are presented and discussed. Input vectors consisting of seven spectral and seven amplitude parameters, automatically extracted from local three-component digital broadband (0.6 to 60 Hz) velocigrams, have been employed for training of different ANN configurations. Multi-layer perceptrons (MLP) trained in supervised mode by different subsets of a representative set of 312 events have been used as discriminators, and unsupervised Kohonen self-organizing feature maps (SOFM) have been used as complementary reliability estimators. The reason for comparative application of both techniques was to increase the reliability of the discrimination: complementary information that a pattern has been recognized as a member of a conflict cluster allows detecting problematic patterns that an MLP may not be able to classify correctly.
The optimal MLP, trained by one randomly selected half of the complete set of 312 input vectors and tested by the other half-set, and vice versa, correctly classified, on average, 99% of all events. The optimal SOFM correctly classified as problematic patterns all events misinterpreted by the MLP, and about 20% of all events were classified by them as ambiguous cases.
The obtained results evidence that a relatively small number of spectral and amplitude parameters of observed ground velocity may suffice for a reliable discrimination between local microearthquakes and quarry blasts by means of small neural nets. The MLP/SOFM combination discussed in this article has attained a discrimination reliability that allows it to be employed routinely in observatory practice.
A geology-based 3D velocity model of the Los Angeles basin sediments
Authors: Magistrale Harold , McLaughlin Keith , Day Steven 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Seismic hazard studies of the Los Angeles basin area require a realistic seismic-velocity model. We use geologic information about depth to crystalline basement, depths to sedimentary horizons, uplift of sediments, and surface geology in a velocity-depth-age function to construct a three-dimensional velocity model. In earthquake location tests, the model predicts travel times satisfactorily, and in earthquake ground-motion simulations, the model correctly determines the timing and amplitude of late-arriving waves.
Relationship between Physical Activity and Eating Patterns Toward Body Mass Index (BMI) in Nursing Students
Authors: Syahruramdhani Syahruramdhani , Munarji Rahmi Pratiwi 
Published: July 2023

Physical activity and eating patterns affect human health. Lack of physical activity and wrong eating patterns will increase BMI, leading to obesity and other diseases. The study aims to determine the relationship between physical activity and eating patterns toward body mass index (BMI) in nursing students. The design of the study was an observational cross-sectional study. The selection of a total of 98 respondents used the technique of a simple random sample collected with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) for physical activity, eating patterns questionnaire, and measurement of BMI with digital weight scales and height meters. The statistical test used was Spearman's rank correlation. The results of this study indicated a relationship between physical activity, eating patterns and BMI, with a p-value of 0.004 and 0.003, respectively. To conclude, students had a significant relationship between physical activity and eating patterns on BMI. The nursing curriculum should emphasize the importance and benefits of physical activity and eating habits.
Hamka's Critique on Sigmund Freud's Theory of Psychoanalytic
Authors: Irawan Dedy , Hadi Fadhil Sofian , Abdurrahman Usamah 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper is Hamka's critique of Sigmund Freud on psychoanalysis. For Freud, human life is driven by sexual desire from birth. With this, causing the loss of the divine nature in humans. Freud views the human soul as a creature that is only controlled by the sex libido which tends to be pessimistic. By using literature review and using qualitative data. The result found a different view with Hamka. Hamka denies that humans are only controlled by sexual libido. In his interpretation of al-Azharnya Hamka emphasized that in religion (Islam) humans were created by Allah with the best creature, both outward and inward form, body shape and life. Therefore Hamka explained that the soul (an-nafs) as the essence of human beings is divided into three parts. First, nafsul amarah bissiu’. Second, nafsul lawwamah, and nafsul mutmainnah. These three forms of an-nafs were never explained by Freud and even forgotten. On the other side, Freud views that religion is the cause of the emergence of neuroses that threaten human life. Therefore, Hamka emphasized that Freud's psychoanalysis was seen as not touching the aesthetic value (in) the human soul, thus creating arid mentality for humans.Keywords: Psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud, mysticism, Hamka, Islam AbstrakMakalah ini merupakan kritik Hamka atas Sigmund Frued tentang psikoanalisah. Bagi Frued, manusia hidup di dorong oleh keinginan seksualnya sejak lahir. Dengan ini, menyebabkan hilangnya sifat ketuhanan dalam diri manusia. Frued memandang jiwa manusia sebagai makhluk yang hanya dikendalikan oleh libido sex yang cenderung pesimistis. Dengan menggunakan kajian pustaka dan menggunakan data kualitatif. Hasilnya ditemukan pandangan yang berbeda dengan Hamka. Hamka membantah bahwa manusia hanya dikendalikan oleh libido sex. Dalam tafsinya al-Azharnya Hamka mempertegas bahwa di dalam agama (Islam) manusia diciptakan oleh Allah dengan sebaik-baik bentuk, baik bentuk lahir maupun batin, bentuk tubuh dan nyawanya. Karenanya Hamka menjelaskan bahwa jiwa (an-nafs) sebagai esensi dari manusia menjadi 3 bagian. Pertama, nafsul amarah bissu’. Kedua, nafsul lawwamah, dan nafsul mutmainnah. Ketiga bentuk an-nafs tidak pernah dijelaskan oleh Frued bahkan terlupakan. Sehingga Frued memandang bahwa agama merupakan penyebab dari timbulnya neurosis yang mengancam kehidupan manusia. Karenanya, Hamka mempertegas bahwa psikoanalisah Frued dipandang tidak menyentuh nilai esetoris (dalam) jiwa manusia sehingga menciptakan kegersangan jiwa bagi manusia. Kata kunci: Psikoanalisah, Sigmund Freud, tasawuf, Hamka, Islam
ISLAMIC LAW IN THE CONSTITUTION OF INDONESIA (a Study of Characteristics Sharia Local Regulations)
Authors: Muhtar Mohamad Hidayat , Kasim Nur Mohamad , Suryani Irma 
Published: July 2023

Article 29 of the 1945 Constitution states that the state is based on One Godhead. Also, the state guarantees the independence of each resident to embrace their respective religions and to worship according to their religion and beliefs. It can be said that the ideals of Indonesian constitutional law have a manifestation of Islamic law which is embodied in local legal products, namely the Sharia Perda. The background of the formation of the Sharia Regulation is mainly Indonesia as the largest Muslim country in the world. However, in its development, the Sharia Perda still has various problems, namely the women's freedom, discrimination and the exclusivity of Muslims. Therefore, it is important to look at the characteristics of Sharia regulations in Indonesia as a manifestation of the ideals of Islamic law. The research method uses normative juridical research with a statutory approach and is analyzed using the legal hermeneutic method. The results of the study show that the ideals of Islamic law in the Indonesian constitution are mainly contained in Article 29 of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, which is marked by the recognition of the right to religion in Indonesia and guaranteeing their worship. This manifestation of Article 29 is philosophically implemented with Sharia Local Regulations, which have two main characteristics, namely Sharia Local Regulations in special/special regions and autonomous regions in general
Islamic Nationalism in Pesantren (Study on Pesantren in Pantura Region of Central Java)
Authors: In'ami Moh , Huda Mualimul , Masrukhin Masrukhin 
Published: July 2023

The very idea of ‘Islamic Nationalism’ in Indonesia grounded from educational values and character building in maintain a spirit of unity and brotherhood, participate in realizing security, love for the motherland, and accommodating the nation's culture. In Indonesian pesantren tradition, we found a ‘basic-belief’ grounded from historical facts about ulama’s struggle to maintain harmony but asserting the religious spirit for nationalism. This study covering Islamic boarding schools in Central Java: Raudlatul Ulum, Darul Falah, and Futuhiyyah. Using non-structural interviews, we collect several motivations, teachings, and another jargon implemented in sense of pseudo-pedagogical and political education. We analize interpretively focusing the ‘basic-belief’ of their ‘hubb al-wathan’ as basis of our coined ‘islamic nationalism’ in daily life. This study show that these boarding schools have a commitment jargon with several activities supported ‘islamic nationalism’ as well as students training on responsibility, discipline, independence, mutual cooperation integrity using several platform as follows: commemoration of Islamic holidays, traditions of deliberations, bahtsul masail forums, participation in general elections, social service activities, raising aid for social solidarity, commemorating the Republic of Indonesia's independence day, Hari Pahlawan, hari Pancasila, Hari Santri and another activities. The involvement of students in educational activities can train the readiness of students to take part in caring for national commitment, the spirit of diversity, tolerance, and accommodation for the nation's culture and create harmony.
Pressure gauge network design for leakage detection in water distribution systems using a combination of the pressure residual vector method and the entropy concept
Authors: Ebrahimi Mojtaba , Shaghaghian Mahmood Reza , Ghadampour Zahra 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Detecting leaks in Water Distribution Systems (WDS) is a challenging task for maintenance managers. One widely used method for leak detection is the Pressure Residual Vector method, which involves comparing pressure values with computed values. In this paper, a new approach using probability distribution function and entropy content is proposed to expand the applicability of the previous models. The study began by collecting real-time information on water consumption using automatic electromechanical water meters over a one-year period. Hourly parameters were calculated to determine the temporal pattern of water consumption per capita. Hypothetical leakage was then imposed on each pipe, and the average entropy of water head variations in the nodes was determined. A combinatorial search process was used to suggest a Pressure Gauge Network (PGN) in a WDS. The study found that after a certain number of pressure gauges, the increase in entropy content is insignificant. This quantity may be deemed as the number of pressure gauges required in the PGN. Furthermore, the study showed that the impact of leak parameters can be disregarded when designing a PGN for leak detection purposes. Overall, the study's findings can be used to design a PGN for leak detection in a WDS.
مؤشرات قيادة المحيط الازرق واثرها في تعزيز الاداء المتميز
Authors: Mahmood Naje Abdulsattar , Amin Yousif obed , Isamel Saif Mohammad 
Published: July 2023

هدفت الدراسة بشكل رئيسي الى التعرف على درجة ممارسة مؤشرات قيادة المحيط الازرق واثرها في تعزيزالاداء المتميز في المنظمتين المبحوثتين ، ومدى سعي شركات الاتصالات المحلية في بلوغ مراتب الاداء من خلال وجود قيادة منظميه زرقاء تستند فلسفتها على تعزيز ادائها المنظمي كميزة اساسية لتحقيق رضا الزبائن وتحقيق ارباح عالية مستدامة، من خلال الاستثمار الامثل لمواردها المادية والبشرية المعرفية، وفي بحثنا هذا نعبر عن المشكلة بتساؤل فكري يهدف الى تحديد ما مدى توافر مؤشرات قيادة المحيط الازرق في شركتي زين واسيا سيل للاتصالات؟ واستخدم البحث منهج الدراسة الوصفي التحليلي، معتمداً على مجموعة من الاساليب والادوات اللازمة لجمع وتحليل البيانات والمعلومات باعتماد برنامج ( SPSS v23) ، وقد تم الحصول على المعلومات والبيانات من مجتمع الدراسة الذي يمثل المديرين في مستوى الادارة الوسطى في المنظمات المبحوثة وقد تم اختيار عينة البحث البالغة (103) من مجموع المجتمع البالغ عددهم (126) ، وقد توصل البحث الى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات، كان من اهمها تحقق الاستجابة من قبل الافراد المبحوثين تجاه مؤشرات القيادة الزرقاء المتمثلة بالتقليص والاستبعاد والزيادة والابتكار والتي اظهرت استجابة عالية اتجاه مؤشري التقليص والزيادة، والابتكار الذي نال اعلى معدل استجابة وبدرجة متوسطة اتجاه الاستبعاد بشكل عام مع وجود قصور في جهود الشركتين المبحوثتين فيما يخص استبعاد الانشطة غير الضرورية، وسماع صوت الزبائن لمعرفة ردود افعالهم اتجاه الخدمات المقدمة اليهم وفي ضوء جملة الاستنتاجات ، قدم البحث توصياته، ولعل من أهمها ‌يتوجب على المنظمتين المبحوثتين تقليص واستبعاد جميع الانشطة التي تضر بالبيئة والمجتمع نتيجة ممارستها لأعمالها، وايلاء المزيد من الاهتمام للأنشطة المبتكرة وزيادتها .
Perceived Effectiveness of COVID-19 Preventive Practices and Behavioral Intention: Survey of a Representative Adult Sample in the United States
Authors: Bagasra Anisah , Allen Christopher T , Doan Sara 
Published: July 2023

Background
Using existing models of behavioral health promotion, specifically the Extended Parallel Process Model, previous research has identified factors that may impact engagement in preventive health behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic such as perceived threat, perceived susceptibility to the threat, perceived severity, and perceived efficacy.

Objective
This study aims to examine the role of perceived effectiveness of COVID-19 preventive behaviors, perceived susceptibility, perceived threat, and perceived severity of COVID-19 in participants’ intentions to engage in Centers for Disease Control (CDC)–recommended individual health behaviors in the first year of the pandemic.

Methods
In October 2020, a representative sample of 506 US adults completed a web-based survey through the RAND American Life Panel.

Results
The study primarily found that participants who perceived that CDC-recommended health practices were effective had stronger intentions to engage in those practices. The second strongest correlate was participants’ perceived severity of COVID-19 across the United States. Perceived effectiveness of recommended practices accounted for the largest variance in behavioral intention. However, analysis of individual behaviors indicated a mismatch in the behaviors perceived to be the most effective (avoiding sick people and mask-wearing) and those participants indicated intention to engage in (throwing away used tissues, avoiding sick people, and coughing into their elbows) in the next 30 days.

Conclusions
The authors recommend tailoring public health messaging to address the perceived threat of COVID-19 and self-efficacy. Thus, health promotion efforts should emphasize the effectiveness of CDC-recommended practices while highlighting the pandemic’s severity. Additionally, rebuilding trust in public health messaging and messengers is necessary to increase perceived self-efficacy. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, health messaging must continue to promote and build trust in CDC-recommended health practices and educate regarding the efficacy of vaccination and other preventive behaviors.
Developing an Audit and Feedback Dashboard for Family Physicians: User-Centered Design Process
Authors: Shuldiner Jennifer , Kiran Tara , Agarwal Payal , Daneshvarfard Maryam , Eldridge Kirsten , Kim Susie , Greiver Michelle , Jokhio Iffat , Ivers Noah 
Published: July 2023

Background
Audit and feedback (A&F), the summary and provision of clinical performance data, is a common quality improvement strategy. Successful design and implementation of A&F—or any quality improvement strategy—should incorporate evidence-informed best practices as well as context-specific end user input.

Objective
We used A&F theory and user-centered design to inform the development of a web-based primary care A&F dashboard. We describe the design process and how it influenced the design of the dashboard.

Methods
Our design process included 3 phases: prototype development based on A&F theory and input from clinical improvement leaders; workshop with family physician quality improvement leaders to develop personas (ie, fictional users that represent an archetype character representative of our key users) and application of those personas to design decisions; and user-centered interviews with family physicians to learn about the physician’s reactions to the revised dashboard.

Results
The team applied A&F best practices to the dashboard prototype. Personas were used to identify target groups with challenges and behaviors as a tool for informed design decision-making. Our workshop produced 3 user personas, Dr Skeptic, Frazzled Physician, and Eager Implementer, representing common users based on the team’s experience of A&F. Interviews were conducted to further validate findings from the persona workshop and found that (1) physicians were interested in how they compare with peers; however, if performance was above average, they were not motivated to improve even if gaps compared to other standards in their care remained; (2) burnout levels were high as physicians are trying to catch up on missed care during the pandemic and are therefore less motivated to act on the data; and (3) additional desired features included integration within the electronic medical record, and more up-to-date and accurate data.

Conclusions
We found that carefully incorporating data from user interviews helped operationalize generic best practices for A&F to achieve an acceptable dashboard that could meet the needs and goals of physicians. We demonstrate such a design process in this paper. A&F dashboards should address physicians’ data skepticism, present data in a way that spurs action, and support physicians to have the time and capacity to engage in quality improvement work; the steps we followed may help those responsible for quality improvement strategy implementation achieve these aims.