bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF EXISTING SUPERCHARGING SYSTEMS AND PERSPECTIVES OF APPLICATION OF ELECTRIC DRIVE IN SUPERCHARGING UNITS
Authors: Lal A.G. , Shelestov M.S. 
Published: January 2023

The article analyzes modern solutions for increasing engine power by improving the air supply system. Single-stage and multi-stage pressurization schemes with gas, mechanical and combined connection in several variations are considered, their positive and negative sides for modern mechanical engineering are revealed.
The simplest and most common is the turbocharging system, in which the turbine rotates only under the exhaust gases and this drives the compressor. Consideration should be given to the features of the working process of two-stroke diesel engines. At low speeds, there is not enough energy from the exhaust gases to drive the turbocharger. The second option is schemes in which the turbine and compressor shafts are connected to the engine shaft using a mechanical transmission. Another scheme is also possible in which the compressor and turbine can be separately connected to the crankshaft. Such solutions ensure synchronous operation of the compressor and reciprocating engine in all modes, improve the gas exchange process, improve performance in transient conditions and improve starting properties. One successful solution for two-stroke diesel engines is the development of a combined supercharging system with an intercooler, which are already considered multi-stage systems. They are generally divided into two schemes, in the first scheme the drive compressor is a high pressure degree, and the turbocharger is low pressure, the second scheme is vice versa. It is the first option that is more often used for two-stroke diesel engines, since the power consumption for driving the compressor is less, which causes a slightly higher engine efficiency. Injectivity is close to engines with conventional gas turbine supercharging.
Over the past 7 years, the approach to improving the pressurization system has undergone some changes, Electric Boosting Systems for civilian vehicles have appeared. One of the first companies were Audi, Daimler, Land Rover, which began to equip their vehicles with electric supercharging. Currently, such large companies as BorgWarner and Garrett can be considered ambassadors of this technology. For example, AMG, together with Garrett, developed and introduced serial electric turbocharging. The problem of using an electric drive in boost systems has been lately gaining more publicity, it is already possible to conclude that there is great potential and the possibility of using such developments for domestic two-stroke diesel engines.
USE OF BIOGAS AS A RAW MATERIAL AND ENGINE FUEL IN ENERGY AND TRANSPORT
Authors: Lisoval A.A. 
Published: January 2023

In the article, based on existing global trends, legislative incentives for climate-friendly development of economic sectors, the place of biogas as a raw material and engine fuel in the decarbonization of energy and transport in Ukraine is substantiated. To reduce greenhouse gas emissions, most countries are making the transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources. In EU countries, renewable energy with a Green Deal label was equated with energy obtained from the combustion of natural gas. In Ukraine, biomethane is legislated as an alternative gas fuel similar to natural gas. The raw material for biomethane is biogas. In Ukraine, biomethane is not produced on an industrial scale due to the lack of special purification and enrichment technologies at biogas stations. In Ukraine, it is necessary to start producing biomethane on an industrial scale and use the natural gas infrastructure for transporting biomethane. An existing quantity and quality of treatment technologies of biogas plants allow the use of biogas as an independent fuel in cogeneration plants in the immediate vicinity of biogas plants. Calculation of the heat balance of the drive gas engine (8-cylinder, 100 mm cylinder diameter, 88 mm stroke) showed that in addition to generating 30 kW of electrical energy, it is possible to obtain additionally up to 162 MJ of thermal energy without taking heat from the lubrication system. When generating only electrical energy, the efficiency installation in nominal mode is about 30%, and with cogeneration – it increases to 75%. The next step is – the use of biogas as an additive to natural gas in reciprocating internal combustion engines on cars, buses and special agricultural machinery at the local or regional level. The results of research on the 8Ch10/8.8 gas combustion engine ensured the transition from quantitative to qualitative regulation of the fuel mixture of natural gas with biogas additives. An interdependent regulation algorithm has been developed for mixed fuel. With an increase in load, the share of biogas decreases, the mixture is enriched with natural gas. At a load of 75% or more, the enrichment of the fuel mixture occurs more intensively.
METHOD OF ORGANIZING TWO-STAGE FUEL INJECTION INTO A DIESEL CYLINDER USING A HYDROMECHANICAL FUEL EQUIPMENT
Authors: Prokhorenko A. , Kravchenko S. , Solodky E. 
Published: January 2023

The use of multiphase injection allows reducing the emission levels with exhaust gases and the noise of diesel engines. This paper proposes to improve the hydromechanical fuel supply system of diesel vehicles by providing the possibility of two-stage fuel supply. This task is solved by high-pressure fuel pump equipment, additionally by high-pressure sections that work to inject fuel for pilot injection. The drive shaft cams of these sections are ahead of the shaft cams of the main sections by 2-10 degrees rotation of the camshaft. In order to check the performance of the proposed two-stage fuel supply system and to confirm the possibility of achieving its stated parameters, calculation studies were performed based on mathematical modeling of hydromechanical processes in this system.
Calculation studies were carried out using a mathematical model of the high-pressure fuel system of the Ch12/14 research single-cylinder diesel engine. The mathematical model is implemented in the MATLAB programming environment. Test results of calculations according to this mathematical model for the operating mode of the system at a camshaft rotation frequency of 650 min-1 and full fuel supply, the high-pressure system provides two-stage injection with the following indicators: total cyclic fuel supply 64 mm3/cycle, pilot dose - 9 mm3/cycle (which is 16% of the total cyclical supply); the maximum injection pressure is 49 MPa with a maximum pressure of 58 MPa in the over-plunger cavity; the maximum injection pressure of the pilot dose is 14.7 MPa, while the pressure reached in the over-plunger cavity is 26.5 MPa; the duration of the injection of the pilot dose is about 2 degrees rotation of the camshaft, the main one - 4.7 degrees rotation of the camshaft.
The system also provides two-stage injection in modes according to the load (and speed) characteristics. When the load is reduced from the maximum by 35-40%, it does not affect the maximum injection pressure of the main part of the fuel at all speed modes of the system, after which there is a sharp drop of this parameter to the value of the maximum injection pressure of the pilot. The maximum injection pressure of the pilot dose practically does not depend on the speed mode and lies within 13.5-15 MPa. Since the amount of the pilot dose is not adjustable, it does not depend on the movement of the high-pressure fuel pump rail and is 2 mm3/cycle at a rotation frequency of 450 min-1, 6 mm3/cycle at a rotation frequency of 550 min-1 and 9 mm3/cycle at a rotation frequency of 650 min-1.
COMPLEX THERMAL INTEGRATION OF THE RECTIFICATION PROCESS USING THERMAL COMPRESSION
Authors: Ryshenko I. , Вykanov S. , Babak T. , Gorbynov K. 
Published: January 2023

The rectification process is widespread in many industries and requires significant energy consumption. The search for technological schemes of the rectification process, which ensures the maximum reduction of energy consumption, is arelevant task.
One of the modern approaches to the design of technological schemes aimed at ensuring resource and energy saving is pinch analysis. In this work, it was decided to apply the methods of pinch analysis and heat pump (thermocompression) for complex thermal integration of the methanol-water mixture rectification process.
On the basis of the material and heat balance of the rectification column the characteristics of the main technological flows of the methanol-water mixture rectification process were calculated: their consumption, temperatures, specific heat capacity, flow heat capacity, and enthalpy change (heat load). A flow table has been created. Composite process curves for the minimum temperature difference DТmin were constructed, the pinch point and the minimum power values of hot and cold utilities were determined. Based on the calculated data, a grid diagram was constructed and heat exchangers were located in accordance with the pinch rules, which allows to achieve the maximum heat recovery that corresponds to the selected DТmin.
For the use of a heat pump (thermocompression), the required degree of steam compression in the P2/P1 compressor was calculated. It was chosen taking into account the necessary steam temperature, which is sufficient for heating the cube of the column. Based on these calculations a technological diagram of the methanol-water rectification process with a heat pump (thermocompression) and thermal integration of the main technological flows was developed. Such a scheme provides a significant saving of hot and cold utilities in comparison with carrying out the process of rectification of the methanol-water mixture according to the principle technological scheme.
PATRONES Y ESTRATEGIAS DE REGULACIÓN EMOCIONAL EMPLEADAS EN PERSONAS MAYORES DE 60 AÑOS CON DETERIORO COGNITIVO
Authors: Parra-Rizo María Antonia , Agustí A.I. , Guillem-Saiz J. , González-Moreno J. , Cantero-García M. 
Published: January 2023

Introducción. Son escasos los estudios científicos sobre los patrones cognitivos y estrategias empleadas en personas mayores con deterioro cognitivo (DC). Objetivo. El objetivo fue comparar 2 grupos de personas mayores, con DC y sin DC la refocalización de planes, catastrofización, autoculpa, refocalización positiva y reinterpretación positiva para observar diferencias y establecer patrones cognitivos adaptados al perfil para la mejora en la atención profesional. Método. Para ello en este estudio de corte transversal con diseño correlacional y muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia se empleó el Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) y Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) en 196 personas mayores de 60 años pertenecientes a centros de día y residencias (M= 75,95 DT= 10,08). Resultados. Se han obtenido resultados estadísticamente significativos en refocalización de planes (p <. 00); catastrofización (p= .00); autoculpa (p <. 00); refocalización positiva (p <. 00) reinterpretación positiva (p <. 00). Conclusiones. Es uno de los escasos estudios de este campo que contribuye a enfatizar la necesidad de estudio de variables emocionales adaptativas o desadaptativas para la vida del adulto mayor con DC inexistentes en el ámbito científico, además, muestra diferentes patrones cognitivos y estrategias adaptativas empleadas en DC y sin DC. Su conocimiento ayudaría a personalizar intervenciones en función de los patrones cognitivos presentes en esta publicación.
Логика как эмпирическая наука. Х.Патнем и М.Рэдхед
Authors: Печенкин Александр Александрович 
Published: January 2023

Настоящая статья продолжает логические дискуссии, инициированные публикацией Биркгофом и фон Нейманом в 1946 г. статьи по квантвой логике. Однако статья концентрировается на дискуссии, развернувшейся в последние десятилетя прошлого вокруг статьи Х.Патнема "Является ли логика эмпирической наукой?" Патнем дал утвердительный ответ на этот вопрос. Мы, однако, воспроизводим также инструменталистскую позицию М.Рэдхеда, отрицающего универсалистский взгляд на логику. Квантовая логика, по Рэдхеду, именно логика, оперирующая понятиями "истина" и "общезначимость", понятиями, получающими смысл и значение при соотнесении логики с алгебраической структурой совокупности проекционных операторов, действующих в бесконечномеерном гильбертовом пространсте.
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Телеология и целенаправленное поведение: логический анализ
Authors: Шалак Владимир Иванович 
Published: January 2023

Целенаправленное поведение – телеологическое понятие, наиболее адекватное для описания многих изменений в живой природе, не вписывающихся в доктрину детерминизма. Такого рода поведение обладает уникальными характеристиками. Оно законоподобно, так как характеризуется устойчивостью и повторяемостью при сходных начальных условиях. Оно способно контролировать энтропию, так как в зависимости от цели его результаты имеют меньшую или большую энтропию, чем начальные условия. Также оно обладает свойствами своеобразной обратной причинности, когда будущее целевое состояние через посредство агента поведения вызывает изменения в настоящем.
Элементарные блоки целенаправленного поведения могут быть представлены правилами двух видов -- “Если имеет место C, сделай d, чтобы достичь G” и процессуальных “Если имеет место C, сделай d, чтобы запустить процесс P, который приведет к искомой цели G”. Сложное целенаправленное поведение может быть описано, как выполнение набора правил, определяющих, какие и в каком порядке следует производить действия для достижения искомой конечной цели. Успешные схемы целенаправленного поведения в последующем могут служить образцом для разработки различных технологий.
Анализ целенаправленной деятельности людей при вычислении функций привел А. Тьюринга к построению математической модели, получившей название машины Тьюринга. По ряду причин невозможно создать теорию целенаправленного поведения, сравнимую с теорией эффективной вычислимости, но вполне возможно построить общую модель и логическую теорию такого рода поведения, что и является целью настоящей работы. Для этого был взят язык, содержащий динамические операторы <d> и временные операторы U (Until) и S (Since). В работе определена семантика данного языка и осуществлена его аксиоматизация. В результате была построена минимальная комбинированная логика USD, допускающая дальнейшие расширения. Показано, каким образом в этой логике можно определить правила целенаправленного поведения и их разновидности.
Periosteal stripping and periosteal division for leg length discrepancy after proximal femoral intertrochanteric osteotomy for Perthes disease
Authors: Kitta Ayana , Saisu Takashi , Kakizaki Jun , Oikawa Yasuhiro , Segawa Yuko , Okazaki Ken 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Periosteal stripping and periosteal division (PSPD) promotes growth of the long bone of children with leg length discrepancy (LLD). We performed PSPD when LLD was observed at the time of implant removal surgery after proximal femoral osteotomy for Perthes disease. This study aimed to clarify the efficacy and safety of PSPD for acquired LLD related to Perthes disease.
Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 10 patients treated with PSPD and 6 control patients who declined the PSPD for LLD associated with Perthes disease. The lengths of the femur, tibia and entire leg were measured in the full-length standing radiographs at baseline and final follow-up. Baseline was defined as the time of the last preoperative observation. LLD and changes in LLD (ΔLLD) were measured. The correlation of ΔLLD with age at time of surgery, follow-up period, and extent of PSPD was investigated.
Results: Patients’ mean age and LLD at baseline were 9.4 years and 20.5 ± 4.6 mm in the PSPD group and 10.2 years and 11.5 ± 10.0 mm in the control group. With a mean follow-up period of 4.3 years, the PSPD group showed a mean ΔLLD decrease of 13.9 mm, which was significantly greater than that of the control group at 3.2 mm with a mean follow-up period of 5.4 years. Logistic regression analysis revealed that age at the time of surgery was a significant factor for obtaining >10 mm ΔLLD with PSPD and the cutoff value by the receiver operating characteristic curve was 9.6 years (sensitivity, 0.83; specificity 0.83).
Conclusion: PSPD seemed to be a safe and effective surgical option for LLD associated with Perthes disease. The age at the time of surgery negatively correlated with the amount of LLD correction. Obtaining >10 mm LLD correction is more likely if the patients are <10 years of age.
Trial Registration: Present study was registered in original registration system in Chiba Children’s Hospital. Registration number was 2021-074 and registration date was 14th May 2022.
Acute Biochemical alterations during Phototherapy of Neonatal Icterus: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Chaudhari Hemakshi , Gawli Chandrakant , Kumar Anoop , Patil Chandragouda 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Phototherapy is used in the treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. There are contravening reports on its its adverse effect. This meta-analysis was conducted to substantiate the impact of phototherapy on the parameters indicating oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines.
Methods
The relevant clinical studies were searched on PubMed, Google Scholar, Stanford University High-Wire Press, Clinical trial registry, and on Semantic Scholar published up to 30th July 2022. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the study qualities. The overall estimate was calculated in terms of odds ratio with 95% confidence interval using random effect model. The sensitivity and subgroup analysis were carried out along with the qualitative assessment of the publication bias. All the analysis was carried out using RevMan 5.
Results
Total 1735 participants from 31 pertinent studies were used for the quantitative analysis. The pooled estimates of the phototherapy-exposed group were compared with the control group. Our analysis revealed that phototherapy used in treating neonatal jaundice induced significant oxidative stress and increased the levels of inflammatory cytokines. Overall estimate measure i.e., mean difference was found to be significant [1.39 (0.79 1.99)] for MDA (nmol per ml), [-0.87 (-1.35 -0.39)] for MDA (nmol per litre) [-0.25 (-0.34 -0.15)] for TAC, [-81.68 (-105.50 -57.85)] for TNF-α, and non-significant for TOS and IL-6 i.e [1.36(-2.67 5.39)] and [1.96 (-0.89 4.81)] respectively
Conclusion
Therapeutic exposure to phototherapy in treating neonatal jaundice induces a rise in oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokine levels. The short and long-term clinical outcomes may have clinical significance.
A novel removal of Ni2+ ions from water solutions using dispersive solid-phase extraction method with nano Fe3O4/chitosan-acrylamide hydrogel
Authors: Arvand Morteza Parsayi , Moghimi Ali , Salehi Narges 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The effluent release containing heavy metals as Ni2+ ions has drastic risks to both the natural environment and human health. In this research, the nano Fe3O4/chitosan-acrylamide hydrogel was prepared as a novel nano sorbent for dispersive solid-phase extraction of Ni2+ ions and applyed in for the water sample solution. The pH, amount and type of elution solvent, the extraction time and etc were optimized for the improving the efficiency of proposed method. Analytical parameters such as concentration factor, the limit of detection and relative standard deviation (%) were achieved as 33.3, 1.25 µg L− 1 and 1.8%, respectively. The capacity in equilibrium sorption was calculated 22.54 mg g− 1. Furthermore, to estimate adsorption mode, the model of Freundlich and Langmuir was fitted to empirical isotherm data. Besides, to check the basic process of the metal adsorption mechanism pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order and Roginsky-Zeldovich model were investigated and the resuls were fitted with the pseudo-second-order model. Finally, the nano Fe3O4/chitosan-acrylamide hydrogel exhibited high performance to removal the Ni2+ ions from water sample solution.
The expression of Galectins-8 and its effect on neuroinflammation after intracerebral hemorrhage Names
Authors: Song Jingjing , Lou Jiyu , Jiang Chao , Bai Hongying , Chen Si , Xing Yuanyuan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
At present, there is no effective treatment for secondary brain injury caused by spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). This study aims to explore new therapeutic targets after ICH. Galectins-8 is a tandem repeat galectin with a unique preference for α2,3-sialylated glycans, and its expression is ubiquitous. Gal − 8 regulates cytokine production, cell adhesion, apoptosis, chemotaxis, endocytosis, differentiation and migration, including immune cells. We used wild-type(WT)C57BL/6J mice and the mice of Galectins-8 gene knockout to establish intracerebral hemorrhage model by collagenase injection and found that Galectins-8 was highly expressed around the hematoma and in the center site of the hematoma after intracerebral hemorrhage. We also found that inhibiting the expression of Galectins-8 or Galectins-8 gene knockout mice may attenuate secondary brain injury following intracerebral hemorrhage by reducing microglia-induced inflammatory responses. Galecectin-8 knockout mice had significantly reduced expression of inflammatory factors, such as TNF-α(P = 0.0353), MCP-1(P = 0.0469), and HMBG1(P = 0.0466). This is in contrast to previous studies that have suggested Galectins-8 as a neuroprotective factor. From this, we draw a conclusion that Galectins-8 played an crucial role in regulating the inflammatory response during intracerebral hemorrhage. Our study highlights Galectins-8 as a potential therapeutic target to protect the brain against secondary brain damage during intracerebral hemorrhage.
Genetic mechanisms and multi-parameter logging identification of low-resistivity oil pay: A case study of the Triassic Chang 6 member, Zhidan area, Ordos Basin, China
Authors: Wang xiaolin , zhu xiaomin , zhang xiaoli 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Low-resistivity pay have been found throughout the world, the identification and characterization of low-resistivity pay is very challenging and important for the development of oil fields. The genesis of the low-resistivity oil pay is complex, and the logging response characteristics are variable. The weak difference in resistivity between the oil pay and the adjacent water pay makes it difficult to identify kinds of fluids by resistivity log analysis, which reduces the overall exploration benefit of the oilfield. Therefore, it is very important to study the genesis and identification technology of the low-resistivity oil pay. In this paper, we first analyzed the core experimental results such as X-ray diffraction scanning electron microscope, mercury intrusion, phase permeability, nuclear magnetic resonance, physical properties, electric petrophysical experiment, micro-CT technology and rock wettability, etc. Comprehensive analysis of the reservoir characteristics shows that the development of low-resistivity oil pays in the study area is controlled by irreducible water saturation and high gamma ray sandstone. The complicated pore structure and rock hydrophilicity are the factors that lead to the increase of irreducible water saturation. Then, the salinity of formation water and the invasion of drilling fluid also have a certain influence on the change of reservoir resistivity. According to the controlling factors of the low- resistivity oil pay, we extract the sensitive parameters to the logging response, amplify the difference between oil and water pay, and use the AC-RILD, SP-PSP, GR*GR*∆SP-RILD and(RILM-RILD)/RILD—RILD cross-plots, etc. Various methods such as cross-plots method, overlap method and movable water analysis are mutually constrained to identify low-resistivity oil pays. In the case study, the comprehensive application of the above identification flow path can effectively improve the accuracy of fluid recognition step by step. It provides reference for identifying more low-resistivity reservoirs with similar geological conditions.