bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of quantum machine learning using quantum kernel algorithms on multiclass neuron M-type classification
Authors: Vasques Xavier , Paik Hanhee , Cif Laura 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe functional characterization of different neuronal types has been a longstanding and crucial challenge. With the advent of physical quantum computers, it has become possible to apply quantum machine learning algorithms to translate theoretical research into practical solutions. Previous studies have shown the advantages of quantum algorithms on artificially generated datasets, and initial experiments with small binary classification problems have yielded comparable outcomes to classical algorithms. However, it is essential to investigate the potential quantum advantage using real-world data. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to propose the utilization of quantum systems to classify neuron morphologies, thereby enhancing our understanding of the performance of automatic multiclass neuron classification using quantum kernel methods. We examined the influence of feature engineering on classification accuracy and found that quantum kernel methods achieved similar performance to classical methods, with certain advantages observed in various configurations.
Clinical outcomes of acute myocardial infarction arising from non-lipid-rich plaque determined by NIRS-IVUS
Authors: Terada Kosei , Wakana Noriyuki , Kubo Takashi , Ino Yasushi , Khalifa Amir Kh. M. , Fujita Suwako , Takahata Masahiro , Shiono Yasutsugu , Madder Ryan D. , Kameyama Takeyoshi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAcute myocardial infarction (AMI) can rarely arise from non-lipid-rich coronary plaques. This study sought to compare the clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) between AMI showing maximum lipid-core burden index in 4 mm (maxLCBI4mm) < 400 and ≥ 400 in the infarct-related lesions assessed by near-infrared spectroscopy-intravascular ultrasound (NIRS-IVUS). We investigated 426 AMI patients who underwent NIRS-IVUS in the infarct-related lesions before PCI. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were defined as the composite of cardiac death, non-fatal MI, clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR), clinically driven non-TLR, and congestive heart failure requiring hospitalization. 107 (25%) patients had infarct-related lesions of maxLCBI4mm < 400, and 319 (75%) patients had those of maxLCBI4mm ≥ 400. The maxLCBI4mm < 400 group had a younger median age at onset (68 years [IQR: 57–78 years] vs. 73 years [IQR: 64–80 years], P = 0.007), less frequent multivessel disease (39% vs. 51%, P = 0.029), less frequent TIMI flow grade 0 or 1 before PCI (62% vs. 75%, P = 0.007), and less frequent no-reflow immediately after PCI (5% vs. 11%, P = 0.039). During a median follow-up period of 31 months [IQR: 19–48 months], the frequency of MACE was significantly lower in the maxLCBI4mm < 400 group compared with the maxLCBI4mm ≥ 400 group (4.7% vs. 17.2%, P = 0.001). MaxLCBI4mm < 400 was an independent predictor of MACE-free survival at multivariable analysis (hazard ratio: 0.36 [confidence interval: 0.13–0.98], P = 0.046). MaxLCBI4mm < 400 measured by NIRS in the infract-related lesions before PCI was associated with better long-term clinical outcomes in AMI patients.
Conservation laws, solitary wave solutions, and lie analysis for the nonlinear chains of atoms
Authors: Junaid-U-Rehman Muhammad , Kudra Grzegorz , Awrejcewicz Jan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNonlinear chains of atoms (NCA) are complex systems with rich dynamics, that influence various scientific disciplines. The lie symmetry approach is considered to analyze the NCA. The Lie symmetry method is a powerful mathematical tool for analyzing and solving differential equations with symmetries, facilitating the reduction of complexity and obtaining solutions. After getting the entire vector field by using the Lie scheme, we find the optimal system of symmetries. We have converted assumed PDE into nonlinear ODE by using the optimal system. The new auxiliary scheme is used to find the Travelling wave solutions, while graphical behaviour visually represents relationships and patterns in data or mathematical models. The multiplier method enables the identification of conservation laws, and fundamental principles in physics that assert certain quantities remain constant over time.
Canonical correlation analysis of depression and anxiety symptoms among college students and their relationship with physical activity
Authors: Li Lili , Wang Peng , Li Shufan , Liu Qing , Yu Fen , Guo Zhaohui , Jia Shuqi , Wang Xing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTo explore the association between depression and anxiety symptoms among college students and the relationship between the two and physical activity. A cross-sectional study design was used to survey 1790 enrolled university students using the Depression Self-Rating Scale, Anxiety Self-Rating Scale and Physical Activity Rating Scale. 37.75% of male students and 39.73% of female students detected depressive symptoms, 17.65% of male students and 17.86% of female students detected anxiety symptoms, 11.89% of male students and 11.75% of female students detected both depressive and anxiety symptoms. Canonical correlation between depression and anxiety symptoms of college students were significant. The depression and anxiety score of college students in the high level group was significantly lower than that in the low and medium level groups, and no significant difference was found between the low and medium level groups. Affective disorder and anxious mood of male students correlated most closely with intensity, while somatic disorder, psychomotor disorder and depressive psychological disorder correlated most closely with duration. Affective disorder of female students correlated most closely with frequency, depressive psychological disorder and anxious mood correlated most closely with intensity, while premonition of misfortune and frequent urination correlated most closely with duration. Depression and anxiety symptoms of college students were closely related and co-occurrence was common. Students with high level of physical activity had milder symptoms. Different exercise interventions are recommended for different symptoms.
Integrated analysis of copy number variation-associated lncRNAs identifies candidates contributing to the etiologies of congenital kidney anomalies
Authors: Lu Yibo , Zhou Yiyang , Guo Jing , Qi Ming , Lin Yuwan , Zhang Xingyu , Xiang Ying , Fu Qihua , Wang Bo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCongenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are disorders resulting from defects in the development of the kidneys and their outflow tract. Copy number variations (CNVs) have been identified as important genetic variations leading to CAKUT, whereas most CAKUT-associated CNVs cannot be attributed to a specific pathogenic gene. Here we construct coexpression networks involving long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) within these CNVs (CNV-lncRNAs) using human kidney developmental transcriptomic data. The results show that CNV-lncRNAs encompassed in recurrent CAKUT associated CNVs have highly correlated expression with CAKUT genes in the developing kidneys. The regulatory effects of two hub CNV-lncRNAs (HSALNG0134318 in 22q11.2 and HSALNG0115943 in 17q12) in the module most significantly enriched in known CAKUT genes (CAKUT_sig1, P1.150 × 10−6) are validated experimentally. Our results indicate that the reduction of CNV-lncRNAs can downregulate CAKUT genes as predicted by our computational analyses. Furthermore, knockdown of HSALNG0134318 would downregulate HSALNG0115943 and affect kidney development related pathways. The results also indicate that the CAKUT_sig1 module has function significance involving multi-organ development. Overall, our findings suggest that CNV-lncRNAs play roles in regulating CAKUT genes, and the etiologies of CAKUT-associated CNVs should take account of effects on the noncoding genome.
Molecular mechanisms governing antifungal drug resistance
Authors: Lee Yunjin , Robbins Nicole , Cowen Leah E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFungal pathogens are a severe public health problem. The leading causative agents of systemic fungal infections include species from the Candida, Cryptococcus, and Aspergillus genera. As opportunistic pathogens, these fungi are generally harmless in healthy hosts; however, they can cause significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Despite the profound impact of pathogenic fungi on global human health, the current antifungal armamentarium is limited to only three major classes of drugs, all of which face complications, including host toxicity, unfavourable pharmacokinetics, or limited spectrum of activity. Further exacerbating this issue is the growing prevalence of antifungal-resistant infections and the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens. In this review, we discuss the diverse strategies employed by leading fungal pathogens to evolve antifungal resistance, including drug target alterations, enhanced drug efflux, and induction of cellular stress response pathways. Such mechanisms of resistance occur through diverse genetic alterations, including point mutations, aneuploidy formation, and epigenetic changes given the significant plasticity observed in many fungal genomes. Additionally, we highlight recent literature surrounding the mechanisms governing resistance in emerging multidrug-resistant pathogens including Candida auris and Candida glabrata. Advancing our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms by which fungi adapt to the challenge of antifungal exposure is imperative for designing therapeutic strategies to tackle the emerging threat of antifungal resistance.
A solvent-responsive terbium-organic framework for photocatalytic CO2reduction
Authors: Lu Xin , Yao Zhilong , Yuan Xiaomin , Wei Yao , Zhu Zhihao , Zheng Hegen , Zhang Chuanlei 
Published: July 2023

We have prepared a solvent-responsive MOF, AQNU-4, which shows obvious solvent dependence in the catalytic process, especially in cyclohexanone, the highest CO2-to-CO catalytic activity is 138.65 μmol g−1h−1.
Optimal size selection of combined diesel generator/fuel cell/photovoltaic system components using a multi‐objective strategy and sea lion optimization algorithm
Authors: Wang Hongbin , Mansor Nurulafiqah Nadzirah Binti , Mokhlis Hazlie Bin , Mashhadi Arsam 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOne of the challenges of the production sector of the electricity industry at present is how to meet the needs of electricity consumption in the country by using and localizing new power plant units. The main purpose of the presented paper is to offer an optimum arrangement for a combined diesel generator/FC/PV system for an off‐grid supply of electricity in a community in Shache, China. A multi‐objective scheme of the combined system is suggested with consideration of the unpredictability in solar radiation, load, and operating reserve (OR). The multi‐objective optimization has been established to make the TNPC (total net present cost) and LPSP (probability of power supply loss) minimum. In this study, the decision variables are the number of diesel generators (DG), photovoltaic (PV) panels, fuel cells (FC), electrolyzers, and hydrogen tanks. To get more authentication, the impact of several criteria on the size issue has been analyzed. The incorporation of a hydrogen production system lowers the overall expense of the combined systems, according to the modeling results. Plus, the operational reserve has a greater effect on the Pareto front in comparison with solar energy and load uncertainty.
Clumping and X-rays in cooler B supergiant stars
Authors: Bernini-Peron M. , Marcolino W. L. F. , Sander A. A. C. , Bouret J.-C. , Ramachandran V. , Saling J. , Schneider F. R. N. , Oskinova L. M. , Najarro F. 
Published: July 2023

Context. B supergiants (BSGs) are evolved stars with effective temperatures between ~10 to ~30 kK. Knowing the properties of these objects is important to understand massive star evolution. Located on the cool end of the line-driven wind regime, the study of their atmospheres can help us to understand the physics of their winds and phenomena such as the bi-stability jump.
Aims. Despite being well-studied stars, key UV features of their spectra have so far not been reproduced by atmosphere models for spectral types later than B1. In this study, we aim to remedy this situation by performing quantitative spectral analyzes that account for the effects of X-rays and clumping in the wind. In addition, we also briefly investigate the evolutionary status of our sample stars based on the stellar parameters we obtained.
Methods. We determined photospheric and wind parameters via quantitative spectroscopy using atmosphere models computed with CMFGEN and PoWR. These models were compared to high-resolution UV and optical spectra of four BSGs: HD206165, HD198478, HD53138, and HD164353. We further employed GENEC and MESA tracks to study the evolutionary status of our sample.
Results. When including both clumping and X-rays, we obtained a good agreement between synthetic and observed spectra for our sample stars. For the first time, we reproduced key wind lines in the UV, where previous studies were unsuccessful. To model the UV spectra, we require a moderately clumped wind (fV∞ ≳ 0.5). We also infer a relative X-ray luminosity of about 10−7.5 to 10−8, which is lower than the typical ratio of 10−7. Moreover, we find a possible mismatch between evolutionary mass predictions and the derived spectroscopic masses, which deserves deeper investigation as this might relate to the mass-discrepancy problem present in other types of OB stars.
Conclusions. Our results provide direct spectroscopic evidence that both X-rays and clumping need to be taken into account to describe the winds of cool BSGs. However, their winds seem to be much less structured than in earlier OB-type stars. Our findings are in line with observational X-rays and clumping constraints as well as recent hydrodynamical simulations. The evolutionary status of BSGs seems to be diverse with some objects potentially being post-red supergiants or merger products. The obtained wind parameters provide evidence for a moderate increase of the mass-loss rate around the bi-stability jump.
Error estimates of a theta-scheme for second-order mean field games
Authors: Bonnans J. Frédéric , Liu Kang , Pfeiffer Laurent 
Published: July 2023

We introduce and analyze a new finite-difference scheme, relying on the theta-method, for solving monotone second-order mean field games. These games consist of a coupled system of the Fokker–Planck and the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation. The theta-method is used for discretizing the diffusion terms: we approximate them with a convex combination of an implicit and an explicit term. On contrast, we use an explicit centered scheme for the first-order terms. Assuming that the running cost is strongly convex and regular, we first prove the monotonicity and the stability of our thetascheme, under a CFL condition. Taking advantage of the regularity of the solution of the continuous problem, we estimate the consistency error of the theta-scheme. Our main result is a convergence rate of orderO(hr) for the theta-scheme, where ℎ is the step length of the space variable andr ∈ (0, 1) is related to the Hölder continuity of the solution of the continuous problem and some of its derivatives.
Network Meta-analysis of Combined Strength and Power Training for
Countermovement Jump Height
Authors: Brandt Maximilian , Beinert Sibylle , Alfuth Martin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCombined strength and power training in a training program is considered to
improve the vertical jump, which is frequently quantified using the
countermovement jump height. It is not yet clear whether one of the different
training set structures, such as complex training, contrast training, compound
training and traditional training, is superior to another. The aim of this
review is to describe and assess the comparative effects of the set structures
on countermovement jump height in healthy subjects. A systematic review and
network meta-analysis (NMA) was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting
Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Network Meta-Analyses. Three
databases were systematically searched. Risk of bias was assessed using the Risk
of Bias 2 tool. NMAs were performed using a random-effects model. Twenty-four
studies were included. All interventions were superior to control (no
intervention) with mean differences ranging from 2.87 [95% confidence
interval (CI): 1.99 to 3.74] for complex training to 3.43 (95% CI: 2.61
to 4.26) for traditional training. None of the training interventions were
superior compared to each other in strength and/or power trained
subjects, as well as in non-strength and/or power trained subjects. The
ﬁndings support the combination of strength and power training to
improve countermovement jump height.
1-Methoxyerythrabyssin II Induces Autophagy in Leukemia Cells via PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathways
Authors: Fang Bo , Kim Soeun , Kim Yebon , Qiu Yinda , Lee Chang-Min , Lai Yinshuang , Liu Zhiguo , Wang Kun , Cho Namki 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLeukemia, despite currently being one of the most lethal cancers worldwide, still lacks a focused treatment. The purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate the pharmacological effect of 1-methoxyerythrabyssin II, a pterocarpan identified in the roots of Lespedeza bicolor, on leukemic cells and to explore its underlying mechanism using a network pharmacology strategy. 1-Methoxyerythrabyssin II showed an antiproliferative effect in a concentration-dependent manner and exhibited a higher potency in human acute leukemia T cells (Jurkat). The G1 phase arrest induced by 1-methoxyerythrabyssin II was confirmed using a cell cycle assay, and the downregulation of CDK2 and cyclin D1 was observed using an immunoblot assay. Moreover, 1-methoxyerythrabyssin II-treated cells exhibited higher expression levels of LC3B, Atg-7, and Beclin 1 in addition to an enhanced fluorescence intensity in monodansylcadaverine staining, indicating autophagy induction by 1-methoxyerythrabyssin II. Furthermore, network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses revealed that the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is a potential target of 1-methoxyerythrabyssin II in leukemic cells. In vitro assays further demonstrated that 1-methoxyerythrabyssin II promoted autophagy and suppressed cell proliferation by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in leukemic cells. This discovery will contribute to the development of novel therapeutics and prophylactics against leukemia.
Vanilla pompona Leaves and Stems as New Sources of Bioactive Compounds: The Therapeutic Potential for Skin Senescence
Authors: Wang Duanyang , Amen Yhiya , Elsbaey Marwa , Nagata Maki , Matsumoto Masako , Wang Dongmei , Shimizu Kuniyoshi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA large variety of natural plants are widely produced and utilised because of their remarkable pharmacological effects. In this study, two phenolic glycosides were isolated for the first
time from Vanilla pompona Schiede (Orchidaceae) from Kyushu, Japan: bis [4-(β-D – O-glucopyranosyloxy)-benzyl] (S)-2-isopropylmalate (1) and bis
4-[β-D-O-glucopyranosyloxy)-benzyl]-(2R,3S)-2-isopropyl tartrate (2). We have discovered that the crude extract of V. pompona leaves and stems and
its two phenolic glycosides (compounds 1 – 2) are highly effective in reversing skin senescence. V. pompona and compounds 1 – 2 were found to promote the
synthesis of collagen, hyaluronic acid, and elastin in skin fibroblasts in a normal skin cell model; in a replicative senescence model, V. pompona and compounds 1 – 2
significantly reduced the ageing phenotype in skin fibroblasts. These compounds also demonstrated a significant protective effect in a UV-induced photo-senescence model; the possible
mechanisms of this effect were investigated in this study. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to develop V. pompona leaves and stems as new sources of bioactive
compounds and to examine their therapeutic potential for skin senescence. The development potential of V. pompona leaves and stems for use in the cosmetics, cosmeceutical, and
pharmaceutical industries remains to be investigated.
Anthelmintic Activities of Extract and Ellagitannins from Phyllanthus urinaria against Caenorhabditis elegans and Zoonotic or Animal Parasitic
Nematodes
Authors: Jato Jonathan , Waindok Patrick , Ngnodandi François Ngnodandi Belga François , Orman Emmanuel , Agyare Christian , Bekoe Emelia Oppong , Strube Christina , Hensel Andreas , Liebau Eva , Spiegler Verena 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe aerial parts of Phyllanthus urinaria are used in traditional medicine in West Africa against helminthiasis, but their anthelmintic potential has not been evaluated until now.
Within the current study, a hydroacetonic extract (AWE) and fractions and isolated ellagitannins from P. urinaria were, therefore, tested in vitro against Caenorhabditis
elegans and the larvae of the animal parasites Toxocara canis, Ascaris suum, Ancylostoma caninum, and Trichuris suis. Compounds 1 – 13, mainly representing
ellagitannins, were isolated using different chromatographic methods, and their structures were elucidated by HR-MS and 1H/13C-NMR. AWE exerted concentration-dependent
lethal effects (LC50 of 2.6 mg/mL) against C. elegans and inhibited larval migration of all animal parasites tested (T. suis L1 IC50 24.3 µg/mL,
A. suum L3 IC50 35.7 µg/mL, A. caninum L3 IC50 112.8 µg/mL, T. canis L3 IC50 1513.2 µg/mL). The anthelmintic activity of AWE was mainly
related to the polar, tannin-containing fractions. Geraniin 1, the major ellagitannin in the extract, showed the strongest anthelmintic activity in general (IC50 between
0.6 and 804 µM, depending on parasite species) and was the only compound active against A. caninum (IC50 of 35.0 µM). Furosin 9 was least active despite structural
similarities to 1. Among the parasites tested, Trichuris suis L1 larvae turned out to be most sensitive with IC50 of 0.6, 6.4, 4.0, 4.8, and 2.6 µM for geraniin
1, repandusinic acid A 3, punicafolin 8, furosin 9, and phyllanthusiin A 10, respectively.
Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Bioactive Glycohybrids via Click-Chemistry
Authors: Sagar Ram , Singh Kavita , Tyagi Rajdeep , Mishra Vinay Kumar , Tiwari Ghanshyam 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCarbohydrates, traditionally known for their energy-providing role, have gained significant attention in drug discovery due to their diverse bioactivities and stereodiversity. However, pure carbohydrate molecules often exhibit limited bioactivity and suboptimal chemical and physical characteristics. To address these challenges, functional groups with bioactive scaffolds have been incorporated into carbohydrate to enhance their bioactivity and improve their overall properties. Among the various synthetic methods available, click chemistry has emerged as a powerful tool for the synthesis of carbohydrate-containing bioactive scaffolds, known as glycohybrids. Click chemistry offers several advantages, including high chemo- and regioselectivity, mild reaction conditions, easy purification, and compatibility with multiple functional groups. In the present review, we have emphasized the recent advances and most pertinent research on the development of 1,2,3-triazole-containing glycohybrids using the click reaction, their biological evaluations and the structure-activity relationship during 2017–2023. These newly synthesised glycohybrids could potentially be developed as new chemical entities (NCE) in pharmaceutical chemistry and may encourage the use of carbohydrates in drug discovery processes.1 Introduction2 CuAAC Click Chemistry Mediated Synthesis of Triazole-Based Glycohybrids and their Biological Activities3 Conclusions and Perspective