bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on macro performance and micro-analysis of high strength grouting material
Authors: Shu Benan , Zeng Guodong , Zhou Min , Li Yongling , Ren Yanfei , Yang Tengyu , Qiu Keyi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Wind turbine duct put forward higher requirements for the performance of grouting materials. In order to obtain more economical high strength grouting materials (HSG), three kinds of low price main components, cement, quartz sand (QS) and fly ash microspheres (MS) were utilized and developed. Macro performance and micro-analysis of the HSG were conducted. The macro performance tests revealed that the mix proportion of HSG is determined as, cement: QS: MS: superplasticizer: swelling agent = 80:10:10:0.3:0.12, water binder ratio is determined as 0.26. Compressive and flexural strength of the HSG exceeding 120 MPa and 20 MPa respectively. The HSG also showed good fluidity and homogeneity. The micro-analysis showed that a complete and continuous micro-structure was formed and interface transition zone could not be observed. XRD and TG-DSC results meant that the amount of AFt increased. On the contrary, the amount of Ca(OH)2 decreased. pore diameter of the HSG was mostly 10 nm. The addition of swelling agent and MS did not changed the types of hydration products of HSG, but the pore structure was optimized. Due to the cheap components, HSG contributed higher profits with the lower price, and which perform good economic benefits and market competitiveness.
Designing for strength: enhancing mechanical performance through structured patterns in 3D printed elastomer
Authors: Zou Yuxin , Song Yating , Liu Xuan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The mechanical performance of 3D printed elastomers is a crucial factor for their successful utilization in various applications, including soft robotics, wearable devices, and biomedical engineering. This study focuses on investigating the influence of different structured patterns, namely vertical and crosswise vertical SC, on the strength and mechanical performance of 3D printed elastomers. Through a series of experimental tests and numerical simulations, it was found that the cross-shaped structure exhibited the best strength among the tested patterns. This enhanced performance can be attributed to the unique arrangement of the crosswise structure, which effectively distributes stress and reduces strain concentration. This study provide valuable insights into the design and fabrication of high-performance 3D printed elastomers, paving the way for the development of advanced materials and devices with enhanced mechanical properties.
A noise-controlling method by hybrid current-stimulation and voltage-measurement for electrical impedance tomography (HCSVM-EIT)
Authors: Gao Zengfeng , Darma Panji Nursetia , Sun Bo , Kawashima Daisuke , Takei Masahiro 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Image reconstruction in electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a typical ill-posed inverse problem, from which the stability of conductivity reconstruction affects the reliability of physiological parameters evaluation. In order to improve the stability, the effect of boundary voltage noise on conductivity reconstruction should be controlled. A noise-controlling method based on hybrid current-stimulation and voltage-measurement for EIT (HCSVM-EIT) is proposed for stable conductivity reconstruction. In HCSVM-EIT, the boundary voltage is measured by one current-stimulation and voltage-measurement pattern (high-SNR pattern) with a higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR); the sensitivity matrix is calculated by another current-stimulation and voltage-measurement pattern (low-cond pattern) with a lower condition number; the boundary voltage is then transformed from the high-SNR pattern into the low-cond pattern by multiplying by an optimized transformation matrix for image reconstruction. The stability of conductivity reconstruction is improved by combining the advantages of the high-SNR pattern for boundary voltage measurement and the low-cond pattern for sensitivity matrix calculation. The simulation results show that the HCSVM-EIT increases the correlation coefficient (CC) of conductivity reconstruction. The experiment results show that the CC of conductivity reconstruction of the human lower limb is increased from 0.3424 to 0.5580 by 62.97% compared to the quasi-adjacent pattern, and from 0.4942 to 0.5580 by 12.91% compared to the adjacent pattern. In conclusion, the stable conductivity reconstruction with higher CC in HCSVM-EIT improves the reliability of physiological parameters evaluation for disease detection.
Effects of freeze-thaw cycles on the size distribution and stability of soil aggregate in the permafrost regions of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Dong Chenjie , Gu Yuzheng , Jia Yinglan , Wei Peijie , Jin Jingwei , Deng Yanfang , Yang Peizhi , Chen Shengyun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
As the basic units of soil structure, soil aggregate is essential for maintaining soil stability. Intensified freeze–thaw cycles have deeply affected the size distribution and stability of aggregate under global warming. To date, it is still lacking about the effects of freeze–thaw cycles on aggregate in the permafrost regions of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). Therefore, we investigated the effects of diurnal and seasonal freeze–thaw processes on soil aggregate. Our results showed that the durations of thawing and freezing periods in the 0–10 cm layer were longer than in the 10–20 cm layer, while the opposite results were observed during completely thawed and frozen periods. Freeze–thaw strength was greater in the 0–10 cm layer than that in the 10–20 cm layer. The diurnal freeze–thaw cycles have no significant effect on the size distribution and stability of aggregate. However, < 0.25 mm fraction dominated wet sieving aggregate with the highest proportion during thawing period, while the < 1 mm fraction reached the highest during completely frozen period in the 10–20 cm layer (P < 0.05). Likewise, the mean weight diameter and water-stable aggregate were decreased during thawing period compared with the other periods, which were influenced by soil microbial biomass carbon and belowground biomass. Hence, the seasonal freeze–thaw processes destroyed macro-aggregate (> 0.25 mm) and reduced aggregate stability. Our study has scientific guidance for evaluating the effects of freeze–thaw cycles on soil steucture and provides a theoretical basis for further exploration on soil and water conservation in the permafrost regions of the QTP.
Influence of neutron and gamma irradiation on the electrocaloric properties of Mn-doped 0.9Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.1PbTiO3 ceramics
Authors: Sarkar Ankita , Šadl Matej , Jazbec Anže , Snoj Luka , Drnovšek Silvo , Rojac Tadej , Brennecka Geoff L , Uršič Hana , Malič Barbara 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The influence of neutron and gamma irradiation on the low- and high-field dielectric and electrocaloric (EC) properties of Mn-doped 0.9Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.1PbTiO3 (PMN–10PT) ceramic is studied. Upon exposure to neutron fluences of up to 1017 cm−2 and gamma-ray doses of up to 1200 kGy the Mn-doped PMN–10PT exhibits a lower saturated polarization, increased internal bias field and reduced EC temperature change. In comparison, the respective properties of the undoped PMN–10PT remain almost unchanged upon exposure to neutrons and gamma rays. In Mn-doped PMN–10PT, the acceptor-oxygen vacancy defect complexes, introduced via doping, contribute to the lowering of the threshold radiation dose that the material survives without noticeable changes in properties. Radiation-induced degradation of the EC response of Mn-doped PMN–10PT can be partially healed by annealing at 450 °C. The study provides guidance for designing EC ceramic materials for solid-state cooling applications in environments of high ionizing radiation, such as the medical field or space technologies.
Development of compact voltage level-up shifter for nano-second delay system-on-chip applications
Authors: Sudhakar M Venkata , Gutta Uma Sankar 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The Level Shifter is made with two inverters and a Wilson current mirror to use less energy. In order to reduce the amount of leaking power, this study suggests using a combination of super-cut-off draw-down and stacked pull-up networks. The design also incorporates multi-threshold complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (MTCMOS) technology, which, consists of sleeper transistors that are able to boosts performance without increasing either power usage or size. The designed device can be used to shift voltage in between 0.4 V and 1.2 V. To suit nano-scale uses, the circuit’s operating range and performance factors (such as power, latency, and area) were fine-tuned. According to the results, ‘level-up’ transitions typically consume 148.6nW of active power and have an average delay of 1.19 ns at 1 MHz transmission rates. The post-layout model indicated that the recommended plan would need 9.47 μm2 of floor space. The results are analyzed in Cadence Virtuoso using 45 nm techniques.
A fully interpretable machine learning model for increasing the effectiveness of urine screening
Authors: Del Ben Fabio , Da Col Giacomo , Cobârzan Doriana , Turetta Matteo , Rubin Daniela , Buttazzi Patrizio , Antico Antonio 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objectives
This article addresses the need for effective screening methods to identify negative urine samples before urine culture, reducing the workload, cost, and release time of results in the microbiology laboratory. We try to overcome the limitations of current solutions, which are either too simple, limiting effectiveness (1 or 2 parameters), or too complex, limiting interpretation, trust, and real-world implementation (“black box” machine learning models).

Methods
The study analyzed 15,312 samples from 10,534 patients with clinical features and the Sysmex Uf-1000i automated analyzer data. Decision tree (DT) models with or without lookahead strategy were used, as they offer a transparent set of logical rules that can be easily understood by medical professionals and implemented into automated analyzers.

Results
The best model achieved a sensitivity of 94.5% and classified negative samples based on age, bacteria, mucus, and 2 scattering parameters. The model reduced the workload by an additional 16% compared to the current procedure in the laboratory, with an estimated financial impact of €40,000/y considering 15,000 samples/y. Identified logical rules have a scientific rationale matched to existing knowledge in the literature.

Conclusions
Overall, this study provides an effective and interpretable screening method for urine culture in microbiology laboratories, using data from the Sysmex UF-1000i automated analyzer. Unlike other machine learning models, our model is interpretable, generating trust and enabling real-world implementation.
Assessment of a large language model’s utility in helping pathology professionals answer general knowledge pathology questions
Authors: Benirschke Robert C , Wodskow Joshua , Prasai Kritika , Freeman Andrew , Lee John M , Groth John 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To assess the utility and performance of the large language model ChatGPT 4.0 regarding accuracy, completeness, and its potential as a time-saving tool for pathologists and laboratory directors.

Methods
A deidentified database of questions previously sent to pathology residents from health care providers was used as a source of general knowledge–type pathology questions. These questions were submitted to the large language model and the responses graded by subject matter experts in different pathology subspecialties. The grading criteria assessed accuracy, completeness, and the potential time savings for helping the pathologist craft the response.

Results
Overall, respondents thought that most of the answers would take less than 5 minutes of additional work to be used (85%). Accuracy and completeness for the 61 questions was high, with 98% of responses being at least “completely or mostly accurate” and 82% of responses “containing all relevant information.” Of the respondents, 97% stated that the response would have “zero or near-zero potential for medical harm,” and all thought the tool had potential to save time in constructing answers to health care providers’ queries. Performance was similar in both Anatomic Pathology (AP) and Clinical Pathology (CP), with the only exception being some relevant information was excluded in 46% of AP answers vs only 10% in CP (P &lt; .01).

Conclusions
ChatGPT version 4.0 gave responses that were predominantly accurate and complete for general knowledge–type pathology questions. With further research and when reviewed by a pathologist or laboratorian, this could facilitate its use as a pathologist’s aid in answering questions from health care providers.
Superior detection rate of plasma cell FISH using FACS-FISH
Authors: Gagnon Marie-France , Midthun Sally M , Fangel James A , Schuh Cynthia M , Luoma Ivy M , Pearce Kathryn E , Meyer Reid G , Ailawadhi Sikander , Arribas Mariano J , Braggio Esteban , Fonseca Rafael , Rajkumar S Vincent , Zepeda-Mendoza Cinthya , Xu Xinjie , Greipp Patricia T , Timm Michael M , Otteson Gregory E , Shi Min , Jevremovic Dragan , Olteanu Horatiu , Peterson Jess F , Ketterling Rhett P , Kumar Shaji , Baughn Linda B 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for plasma cell neoplasms (PCNs) requires plasma cell (PC) identification or purification strategies to optimize results. We compared the efficacy of cytoplasmic immunoglobulin FISH (cIg-FISH) and fluorescence-activated cell sorting FISH (FACS-FISH) in a clinical laboratory setting.

Methods
The FISH analysis results of 14,855 samples from individuals with a suspected PCN subjected to cytogenetic evaluation between 2019 and 2022 with cIg-FISH (n = 6917) or FACS-FISH (n = 7938) testing were analyzed.

Results
Fluorescence-activated cell sorting–FISH increased the detection rate of abnormalities in comparison with cIg-FISH, with abnormal results documented in 54% vs 50% of cases, respectively (P &lt; .001). It improved the detection of IGH::CCND1 (P &lt; .001), IGH::MAF (P &lt; .001), IGH::MAFB (P &lt; .001), other IGH rearrangements (P &lt; .001), and gains/amplifications of 1q (P &lt; .001), whereas the detection rates of IGH::FGFR3 fusions (P = .3), loss of 17p (P = .3), and other abnormalities, including hyperdiploidy (P = .5), were similar. Insufficient PC yield for FISH analysis was decreased between cIg-FISH and FACS-FISH (22% and 3% respectively, P &lt; .001). Flow cytometry allowed establishment of ploidy status in 91% of cases. In addition, FACS-FISH decreased analysis times, workload efforts, and operating costs.

Conclusions
Fluorescence-activated cell sorting–FISH is an efficient PC purification strategy that affords significant improvement in diagnostic yield and decreases workflow requirements in comparison with cIg-FISH.
Implementation of a pharmacy-driven rapid bacteremia response program
Authors: Wilde Ashley M , Song Matthew , Allen W Paul , Junkins Alan D , Frazier James M , Moore Sarah E , Schulz Paul S 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
This report describes a comprehensive pharmacy-driven rapid bacteremia response program.

Summary
This novel program positioned the pharmacy department at a large, community health system to receive and respond to critical microbiologic diagnostic testing results, 24/7/365. The program empowered pharmacists to provide centralized, comprehensive care including assessing blood culture Gram stain results, adjusting antibiotic therapy per protocol, ordering repeat blood cultures, analyzing and interpreting rapid molecular diagnostic test results, placing orders for contact isolation, and communicating antibiotic recommendations to the treatment team. In the first year after program implementation, 2,282 blood culture Gram stains and 2,046 rapid diagnostic test results were called in to the pharmacy department. The program reduced the median time to effective therapy in patients who did not already have active antimicrobial orders from over 10 hours to less than 1 hour. Based on the Gram stain results, antibiotics were started per protocol in 34.2% of patients. Based on the rapid molecular diagnostic test results, adjustments were made to antibiotic regimens in 55.7% of cases after discussion with a provider. Of these adjustments, 39.9% were for escalation of antibiotics and 37.7% were for de-escalation of antibiotics.

Conclusion
By expanding the scope of pharmacy practice, barriers to optimizing clinical care were overcome.
Hoist by the Colonizer’s Own Device? Law Reporting in Mandatory Palestine
Authors: Sagy Yair , Katvan Eyal 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This article tells the history of the Palestine Law Reports series (PLR), introduced in 1934 to Mandate-ruled Palestine. It unearths discussions that preceded the PLR’s publications following a campaign for authorized law reporting launched by lawyers in Palestine in the 1920s to 1930s. Canvassing a broad institutional context for the emergence of the PLR, we argue that in launching the campaign local lawyers sought not only to render Palestinian common law more predictable and amenable to professional handling, but also to approximate the role granted in the metropole and the common law tradition to practicing lawyers in propagating binding precedents. Local lawyers wanted to have a slice of the action of creating a local common law and in designing the Palestinian legal landscape. Unsurprisingly, they were met with the opposition of Chief Justice McDonnell, who sought to control the PLR enterprise, resisting non-judicial involvement in its editing and production. Finally, the article argues that, regardless of McDonnell’s motivations, from an institutional point of view, his achievement in laying down a foundational institution for the generation of a local common law is momentous. He therefore emerges from our analysis as one of the chief architects of the common law in Palestine, and—to this day—in Israel.
Sequential diversification with Miocene extinction and Pliocene speciation linked to mountain uplift explains the diversity of the African rain forest clade Monodoreae (Annonaceae)
Authors: Dagallier Léo-Paul M J , Condamine Fabien L , Couvreur Thomas L P 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Throughout the Cenozoic, Africa underwent several climatic and geological changes impacting the evolution of tropical rain forests (TRFs). African TRFs are thought to have extended from east to west in a ‘pan-African’ TRF, followed by several events of fragmentation during drier climate periods. During the Miocene, climate cooling and mountain uplift led to the aridification of tropical Africa and open habitats expanded at the expense of TRFs, which probably experienced local extinctions. However, in plants, these drivers were previously inferred using limited taxonomic and molecular data. Here, we tested the impact of climate and geological changes on diversification within the diverse clade Monodoreae (Annonaceae) composed of 90 tree species restricted to African TRFs.

Methods
We reconstructed a near-complete phylogenetic tree, based on 32 nuclear genes, and dated using relaxed clocks and fossil calibrations in a Bayesian framework. We inferred the biogeographical history and the diversification dynamics of the clade using multiple birth–death models.

Key Results
Monodoreae originated in East African TRFs ~25 million years ago (Ma) and expanded toward Central Africa during the Miocene. We inferred range contractions during the middle Miocene and document important connections between East and West African TRFs after 15–13 Ma. Our results indicated a sudden extinction event during the late Miocene, followed by an increase in speciation rates. Birth–death models suggested that African elevation change (orogeny) is positively linked to speciation in this clade.

Conclusion
East Africa is inferred as an important source of Monodoreae species, and possibly for African plant diversity in general. Our results support a ‘sequential scenario of diversification’ in which increased aridification triggered extinction of TRF species in Monodoreae. This was quickly followed by fragmentation of rain forests, subsequently enhancing lagged speciation resulting from vicariance and improved climate conditions. In contrast to previous ideas, the uplift of East Africa is shown to have played a positive role in Monodoreae diversification.
Low levels of mouse sperm chromatin fragmentation delay embryo development
Authors: Nguyen Hieu , Ribas-Maynou Jordi , Wu Hongwen , Quon Beverly , Inouye Tracy , Walker Brienne , Langaman Caitlin , Huang Thomas T F , Ward W Steven 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We previously demonstrated that MnCl2 induces double-stranded DNA breaks in sperm in a process that we term as sperm chromatin fragmentation. Here, we tested if the levels of double-stranded DNA breaks were corelated to the concentration of MnCl2, and we compared this to another agent that causes single-stranded DNA breaks, H2O2. We found that both methods have the advantage of inducing DNA breaks in a concentration-dependent manner. Mouse sperm were treated with varying concentrations of either H2O2 or MnCl2, and the DNA damage was assessed by pulse-field gel electrophoresis, and the alkaline and neutral comet assays. Oocytes were injected with either treated sperm and the resulting embryos analyzed with an embryoscope to detect subtle changes in embryonic development. We confirmed that H2O2 treatment induced primarily single-stranded DNA breaks and MnCl2 induced primarily double-stranded DNA breaks, indicating different mechanisms of damage. These sperm were injected into oocytes, and the development of the resulting embryos followed with an embryoscope equipped with time lapse recording. We found that aberrations in early embryonic development by day 2 with even the lowest levels of DNA damage and that the levels of embryonic aberrations correlated to the concentration of either H2O2 or MnCl2. Low levels of H2O2 caused significantly more aberrations in embryonic development than low levels of MnCl2 even though the levels of DNA damage as measured by comet assays were similar. These data demonstrate that even low levels of sperm DNA damage cause delays and arrests in embryonic development.