bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The coexistence of carboxymethylcellulose and transglutaminase modified the physicochemical properties and structure of whey protein concentrate films
Authors: Cong Xiao , Lin Xudong , Li Siyi , Wu Xiaomeng , Mu Guangqing , Jiang Shujuan 
Published: March 2023

SummaryWhey protein concentrate (WPC) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were abundant in nature and biodegradable raw materials, which have a wide range of prospects for developing bioactive food packaging. In order to exploit the complementary functional properties, in this study CMC was incorporated into WPC films and modified by transglutaminase (TG). The physicochemical properties and structure characteristics of the composite films were investigated. Results showed that CMC as a filler of the protein network significantly improved the properties of WPC films, while TG contributed to the mechanical properties. The composite (1:1) film containing 10 U/gprotein of TG possessed a maximum tensile strength of 13.34 MPa compared to the WPC film. The addition of CMC and TG effectively improved the structure of the film, reducing the pore diameterr, so the composite film with TG at 10 U/gprotein showing a dense structure, with improved light transmission (37.42%) and water vapour transmission (5.06). FT‐IR and SEM results reflected that TG induced covalent cross‐linking between proteins and WPC and CMC had good compatibility. These suggest that the coexistence of CMC and TG has positive effect on the formation of composite films prepared by TG cross‐linking WPC and CMC blends, which provided a promising alternative method for the development of good edible films or coatings for food packaging in the future.
Flow cell sorting followed by PCR‐based clonality testing may assist in questionable diagnosis and monitoring of acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Semchenkova Alexandra , Zhogov Vladimir , Zakharova Elena , Mikhailova Ekaterina , Illarionova Olga , Larin Sergey , Novichkova Galina , Karachunskiy Alexander , Maschan Michael , Popov Alexander 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionMulticolor flow cytometry (MFC) has highly reliable and flexible algorithms for diagnosis and monitoring of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, MFC analysis can be affected by poor sample quality or novel therapeutic options (e.g., targeted therapies and immunotherapy). Therefore, an additional confirmation of MFC data may be needed. We propose a simple approach for validation of MFC findings in ALL by sorting questionable cells and analyzing immunoglobulin/T‐cell receptor (IG/TR) gene rearrangements via EuroClonality‐based multiplex PCR.Patients and MethodsWe obtained questionable MFC results for 38 biological samples from 37 patients. In total, 42 cell populations were isolated by flow cell sorting for downstream multiplex PCR. Most of the patients (n = 29) had B‐cell precursor ALL and were investigated for measurable residual disease (MRD); 79% of them received CD19‐directed therapy (blinatumomab or CAR‐T).ResultsWe established the clonal nature of 40 cell populations (95.2%). By using this technique, we confirmed very low MRD levels (<0.01% MFC‐MRD). We also applied it to several ambiguous findings for diagnostic samples, including those with mixed‐phenotype acute leukemia, and the results obtained impacted the final diagnosis.ConclusionWe have demonstrated possibilities of a combined approach (cell sorting and PCR‐based clonality assessment) to validate MFC findings in ALL. The technique is easy to implement in diagnostic and monitoring workflows, as it does not require isolation of a large number of cells and knowledge of individual clonal rearrangements. We believe it provides important information for further treatment.
Job seekers' attitudes toward cybervetting in China: Platform comparisons and relationships with social media posting habits and individual differences
Authors: Roulin Nicolas , Liu Zhixin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCybervetting, or reviewing applicants' social media profiles, has become a central part of the hiring process for many organizations. Yet, extant cybervetting research is largely limited to Western platforms and samples. The present study examines the three core elements of attitudes toward cybervetting (ATC—perceived justice, privacy invasion, and face validity) using a sample of 200 Chinese job seekers providing their views on three popular platforms in China (WeChat, QQ, and Weibo). Attitudes were negative across all platforms, although slightly more positive for WeChat. ATC were associated with job seekers' social media posting habits (e.g., posting positive content more frequently) and individual differences (i.e., gender and extraversion). Organizations should be mindful that cybervetting might impede the recruitment of talents.
Functional outcomes of patients with ischaemic stroke with known atrial fibrillation not on therapeutic anticoagulation
Authors: Nagaratnam Sai A. , Edwards Leon , Blair Christopher , Evans James , O'Brien William 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundAnticoagulation significantly reduces the risk of ischaemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). There are a proportion of patients with known AF who remain off anticoagulation.AimsThis study aims to retrospectively compare the baseline characteristics, treatments and functional outcomes between patients with ischaemic stroke and known AF based on their anticoagulation status.MethodsA single‐centre, retrospective review of consecutive patients with an ischaemic stroke and a known history of AF was conducted.ResultsTwo hundred four patients with an ischaemic stroke had documented AF prior to the index admission, of which 126 were anticoagulated. Median admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was lower for anticoagulated patients, though not statistically significant (5.1 vs 7.0, P = 0.09). Median baseline modified Rankin score (mRS) did not significantly differ. Nonanticoagulated patients were more likely to have large vessel occlusions (37.2% vs 23.8%, P = 0.04) and more likely to receive intravenous thrombolysis (15.4% vs 1.6%, P < 0.01). There was no difference in rates of endovascular clot retrieval between groups (P > 0.05). Unfavourable functional outcome at 90 days (mRS ≥ 3) did not significantly differ between groups (P = 0.51). A total of 38.5% of nonanticoagulated patients had no documented reason for this. Of the patients who survived the index admission, 81.5% of patients who were not anticoagulated on admission received anticoagulation.ConclusionsBaseline anticoagulation was associated with milder stroke severity in ischaemic stroke patients with known AF. There was no significant difference in functional outcomes at 90 days between groups. Larger observational studies are required to further assess this cohort.
Distinct ecological mechanisms drive the spatial scaling of abundant and rare microbial taxa in a coastal sediment
Authors: Liu Xia , Li Hongjun , Song Wen , Tu Qichao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimRevealing the ecological mechanisms driving the diversity patterns of microbial communities across space and through time is an essential issue in microbial biogeography. This study links microbial spatial scaling with ecological mechanisms, aiming to provide novel mechanistic insights into the biogeographic patterns followed by different types of microbes.LocationBeibu Gulf, a semi‐enclosed oceanic bay located on the southern coast of China.TaxonBacteria, which were further classified as abundant and rare taxa.MethodsBy employing high throughput sequencing, two typical spatial scaling models, diversity‐area (DAR) and distance‐decay relationships (DDR), were investigated for the abundant and rare microbial communities in a coastal sediment ecosystem. Both alpha‐ and beta‐diversity indices were extended to Hill numbers to verify the contribution of abundant and rare taxa to DAR and DDR. The iCAMP approach was used to quantify the contribution of different ecological processes in structuring microbial communities.ResultsStrong spatial scaling patterns were observed for the whole communities and the rare subcommunities but only weak patterns for the abundant subcommunities. Rare subcommunities were mainly responsible for the observed spatial scaling patterns, as confirmed by extending spatial scaling diversity metrics to Hill numbers. Both environmental heterogeneity and local community assembly mechanisms drove the spatial scaling of microbial communities. Strong ecological drift and dispersal limitation underlay the spatial scaling of rare subcommunities, whereas high homogeneous selection weakened the spatial scaling of abundant subcommunities.Main ConclusionsRare taxa were mainly responsible for the biogeographic patterns followed by sediment microbial communities in the Beibu Gulf. Distinct ecological mechanisms underlay the different biogeographic patterns followed by abundant and rare subcommunities.
Dealing with the elder abuse epidemic: Disparities in interventions against elder abuse in trauma centers
Authors: El‐Qawaqzeh Khaled , Hosseinpour Hamidreza , Gries Lynn , Magnotti Louis J. , Bhogadi Sai Krishna , Anand Tanya , Ditillo Michael , Stewart Collin , Cooper Zara , Joseph Bellal 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundElder abuse is a major cause of injury, morbidity, and death. We aimed to identify the factors associated with interventions against suspected physical abuse in older adults.MethodsAnalysis of the 2017–2018 ACS TQIP. All trauma patients ≥60 years with an abuse report for suspected physical abuse were included. Patients with missing information on abuse interventions were excluded. Outcomes were rates of abuse investigation initiation following an abuse report and change of caregiver at discharge among survivors with an abuse investigation initiated. Multivariable regression analyses were performed.ResultsOf 727,975 patients, 1405 (0.2%) had an abuse report. Patients with an abuse report were younger (mean, 72 vs 75, p < 0.001), and more likely to be females (57% vs 53%, p = 0.007), Hispanic (11% vs 6%, p < 0.001), Black (15% vs 7%, p < 0.001), suffer from dementia (18% vs 11%, p < 0.001), functional disability (19% vs 15%, p < 0.001), have a positive admission drug screen (9% vs 5%, p < 0.001) and had a higher ISS (median [IQR], 9 [4–16] vs 6 [3–10], p < 0.001). Perpetrators were members of the immediate/step/extended family in 91% of cases. Among patients with an abuse report, 1060 (75%) had abuse investigations initiated. Of these, 227 (23%) resulted in a change of caregiver at discharge. On multivariate analysis for abuse investigation initiation, male gender, private insurance, and management at non‐level I trauma centers were associated with lower adjusted odds (p < 0.05), while Hispanic ethnicity, positive admission drug screen, and penetrating injury were associated with higher adjusted odds (p < 0.05). On multivariate analysis for change of caregiver, male gender, and private insurance were associated with lower adjusted odds (p < 0.05), while functional disability and dementia were associated with higher adjusted odds (p < 0.05).ConclusionsSignificant gender, ethnic, and socioeconomic disparities exist in the management of physical abuse of older adults. Further studies are warranted to expand on and address the contributing factors underlying these disparities.Level of EvidenceIII.Study TypeTherapeutic/Care Management.
Sarcoidosis: Epidemiology and clinical insights
Authors: Rossides Marios , Darlington Pernilla , Kullberg Susanna , Arkema Elizabeth V. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSarcoidosis is characterized by noncaseating granulomas which form in almost any part of the body, primarily in the lungs and/or thoracic lymph nodes. Environmental exposures in genetically susceptible individuals are believed to cause sarcoidosis. There is variation in incidence and prevalence by region and race. Males and females are almost equally affected, although disease peaks at a later age in females than in males.The heterogeneity of presentation and disease course can make diagnosis and treatment challenging. Diagnosis is suggestive in a patient if one or more of the following is present: radiologic signs of sarcoidosis, evidence of systemic involvement, histologically confirmed noncaseating granulomas, sarcoidosis signs in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and low probability or exclusion of other causes of granulomatous inflammation. No sensitive or specific biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis exist, but there are several that can be used to support clinical decisions, such as serum angiotensin‐converting enzyme levels, human leukocyte antigen types, and CD4 Vα2.3+ T cells in BALF. Corticosteroids remain the mainstay of treatment for symptomatic patients with severely affected or declining organ function. Sarcoidosis is associated with a range of adverse long‐term outcomes and complications, and with great variation in prognosis between populations.New data and technologies have moved sarcoidosis research forward, increasing our understanding of the disease. However, there is still much left to be discovered. The pervading challenge is how to account for patient variability. Future studies should focus on how to optimize current tools and develop new approaches so that treatment and follow‐up can be targeted to individuals with more precision.
Pharmacokinetics of intramuscular maropitant in pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus)
Authors: Smith Joe S. , Gebert Jessica E. , Ebner Lisa S. , Bennett Kailee O. , Collins Rebecca J. , Hampton Chiara E. , Kleine Stephanie A. , Mulon Pierre‐Yves , Smith Christopher K. , Seddighi Reza , Bussieres Genevieve , Mochel Jonathan P. , Knych Heather K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPigs are at risk of vomiting from medical conditions as well as the emetic side effects of drugs administered for peri‐operative manipulations, but there is a lack of pharmacokinetic data for potential anti‐emetic therapies, such as maropitant, in this species. The main objective of this study was to estimate plasma pharmacokinetic parameters for maropitant in pigs after a single intramuscular (IM) administration dosed at 1.0 mg/kg. A secondary objective was to estimate pilot pharmacokinetic parameters in pigs after oral (PO) administration at 2.0 mg/kg. Maropitant was administered to six commercial pigs at a dose of 1.0 mg/kg IM. Plasma samples were collected over 72 h. After a 7‐day washout period, two pigs were administered maropitant at a dose of 2.0 mg/kg PO. Maropitant concentrations were measured via liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). A non‐compartmental analysis was used to derive pharmacokinetics parameters. No adverse events were noted in any of the study pigs after administration. Following single IM administration, maximum plasma concentration was estimated at 412.7 ± 132.0 ng/mL and time to maximum concentration ranged from 0.083 to 1.0 h. Elimination half‐life was estimated at 6.7 ± 1.28 h, and mean residence time was 6.1 ± 1.2 h. Volume of distribution after IM administration was 15.9 L/kg. Area under the curve was 1336 ± 132.0 h*ng/mL. The relative bioavailability of PO administration was noted to be 15.5% and 27.2% in the two pilot pigs. The maximum systemic concentration observed in the study pigs after IM administration was higher than what was observed after subcutaneous administration in dogs, cats, or rabbits. The achieved maximum concentration exceeded the concentrations for anti‐emetic purposes in dogs and cats; however, a specific anti‐emetic concentration is currently not known for pigs. Further research is needed into the pharmacodynamics of maropitant in pigs to determine specific therapeutic strategies for this drug.
Negative Theology: Some Misunderstandings
Authors: Williams Rowan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMuch discussion of ‘negative theology’ seems to assume that it is simply a policy of not making strong truth‐claims about God, even of refusing the positive content of revelation. This essay proposes a typology of negative theologies—grammatical, qualificatory, metaphysical and descriptive—looking at the various points from which negation may arise as an appropriate strategy for adequate or truthful speech about the divine, and seeks to locate these varieties within a spiritual and ecclesial practice, at the heart of which is a commitment to ‘the acceptance of a future’, the recognition of the unfinished nature of language. This is compared with the understanding of language presupposed in creative linguistic work, to suggest that negative theology is best understood not as the expression of a ‘fear of closure’ but as a kind of ‘poetics’ that seeks to do full justice to the act of worship.
A novel protein elicitor (PeSy1) from Saccharothrix yanglingensis induces plant resistance and interacts with a receptor‐like cytoplasmic kinase in Nicotiana benthamiana
Authors: Wang Jianxun , Liu Shang , Ren Peng , Jia Fengguo , Kang Feng , Wang Ruolin , Xue Renzheng , Yan Xia , Huang Lili 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPreviously, we reported a rare actinomycete Saccharothrix yanglingensis Hhs.015 with strong biocontrol ability, which can colonize plant tissues and induce resistance, but the key elicitor and immune mechanisms were unclear. In this study, a novel protein elicitor screened from the genome of Hhs.015, PeSy1 (protein elicitor of S. yanglingensis 1), could induce a strong hypersensitive response (HR) and resistance in plants. The PeSy1 gene encodes an 11 kDa protein with 109 amino acids that is conserved in Saccharothrix species. PeSy1‐His recombinant protein induced early defence events such as a cellular reactive oxygen species burst, callose deposition, and the activation of defence hormone signalling pathways, which enhanced Nicotiana benthamiana resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Phytophthora capsici, and Solanum lycopersicum resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000. Through pull‐down and mass spectrometry, candidate proteins that interacted with PeSy1 were obtained from N. benthamiana. We confirmed the interaction between receptor‐like cytoplasmic kinase RSy1 (Response to PeSy1) and PeSy1 using co‐immunoprecipitation, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and microscale thermophoresis. PeSy1 treatment promoted up‐regulation of marker genes in pattern‐triggered immunity. The cell death it elicited was dependent on the co‐receptors NbBAK1 and NbSOBIR1, suggesting that PeSy1 acts as a microbe‐associated molecular pattern from Hhs.015. Additionally, RSy1 positively regulated PeSy1‐induced plants resistant to S. sclerotiorum. In conclusion, our results demonstrated a novel receptor‐like cytoplasmic kinase in the plant perception of microbe‐associated molecular patterns, and the potential of PeSy1 in induced resistance provided a new strategy for biological control of actinomycetes in agricultural diseases.
Teasing and alcohol drinking among African American adolescents in Chicago's Southside: Implications for nursing practice
Authors: Hong Jun Sung , Kim Jinwon , Cleeland Leah R. , Hicks Megan R. , Voisin Dexter R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveGuided by the routine activity theory, the current study proposes and tests pathways by which an absence of a capable guardian can contribute to interactions with motivated offenders and suitable targets, increasing the likelihood of teasing others and using alcohol.SampleThe study participants consisted of 612 African American adolescents in four low‐income neighborhoods in Chicago's Southside.MeasuresMeasures include alcohol use, absence of a capable guardian, the presence of a motivated offender, target suitability, and teasing. Covariates include age, biological sex, and government assistance. Analyses included descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and structural equation modeling.ResultsThe absence of a capable guardian variable positively correlated with the presence of a motivated offender. The presence of a motivated offender variable was positively associated with target suitability, which was positively related to teasing and alcohol use. The presence of a motivated offender and target suitability variables were positively associated with teasing and alcohol use.ConclusionFindings highlight the importance of capable guardians and potentially have implications for nursing practice.
The selective advantage of representing correctly
Authors: Nanay Bence 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHere is a widespread but controversial idea: those animals who represent correctly are likely to be selected over those who misrepresent. While various versions of this claim have been traditionally endorsed by the vast majority of philosophers of mind, recently, it has been argued that this is just plainly wrong. My aim in this paper is to argue for an intermediate position: that the correctness of some but not all representations is indeed selectively advantageous. It is selectively advantageous to have correct representations that are directly involved in bringing about and guiding the organism's action. I start with the standard objection to the claim that it is selectively advantageous to represent correctly, the ‘better safe than sorry’ argument gand then generalize it with the help of Peter Godfrey Smith's distinction between Cartesian and Jamesian reliability and the trade‐off between them. This generalized argument rules out a positive answer to our question at least as far as the vast majority of our representational apparatus is concerned. But this argument fails to apply in the case of the correctness of a special kind of representation, one that is directly involved in bringing about, and in guiding, actions. We can still maintain that it is selectively advantageous to have a reliable mechanism for producing representations of this kind.
Minimal invasive prosthetic rehabilitation of a patient with Down syndrome: A case report
Authors: Pustina Krasniqi Teuta A. , Xhajanka Edit Ll. , Lila Krasniqi Zana D. , Dula Linda J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionDown syndrome (DS), an easily recognized congenital disease, is associated with a high prevalence of dental anomalies. Therefore, special dental care is required.Case presentationThis case report described the minimally invasive prosthetic rehabilitation of a 31‐year‐old female patient with DS. Prompt diagnosis, consultation with physicians and family, and accurate medical history were needed, and relevant dental, medical, mental, and behavioral factors were considered. A minimally invasive treatment plan was decided after clinical examination, orthopantomography (OPG), and study model analysis. For the upper jaw, an over denture was constructed. For the lower jaw, a simple metal‐frame partial denture was made. This treatment plan was decided after considering the difficulty in dentist‐patient collaboration and a small maxilla with poor positioning of teeth and negative overbite and over jet.ConclusionConsidering different patient factors including patient cooperation, as well as the medical and dental conditions associated with DS, a minimally invasive prosthodontic treatment option was recommended.