bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent developments of block copolymers in nonvolatile memory and artificial synapses
Authors: Chang Ai‐Chun , Mulia Tiffany , Wu Ya‐Shuan , Weng Yi‐Hsun , Lin Yan‐Cheng , Chen Wen‐Chang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe rapid development of artificial intelligence has significantly accelerated computational calculation and enlarged the demands in information storage. Therefore, high‐performance memory devices based on new architectures and functionalities, such as resistive memory, transistor memory, and phase change memory, along with their applications in neuromorphic computing and artificial synapse have arisen extensive interest among researchers. In order to improve the memory performance, block copolymer electrets with diversified self‐assembled structures have been extensively developed, and their structure–performance properties have been investigated. Therefore, in this focused review, a variety of block copolymers combining incompatible polymers, such as hydrophilic/hydrophobic, polar/nonpolar, and conjugated/insulating polymers, are introduced in this focused review. The design concepts and recent advances of block copolymers in nonvolatile memory and artificial synapses were addressed. With these divergent structure designs, block copolymers are regarded as potential candidates to provide high performance in memory device applications. This review sheds light on the great potential and importance of block copolymers for optoelectronic device applications.
Crop–pollinator interactions in urban and peri‐urban farms in the United Kingdom
Authors: Nicholls Elizabeth , Griffiths‐Lee Janine , Basu Parthiba , Chatterjee Soumik , Goulson Dave 
Published: June 2023

Societal Impact StatementUrban food production could contribute towards sustainable food provision and would also deliver benefits to biodiversity and the health of urban residents. Many crops rely on insect pollination, but urban pollinator populations are under‐studied. In this study, crop–pollinator interactions and pollination quality were quantified in urban allotments in the United Kingdom. A diversity of insects was observed visiting the flowers of food crops, with squash, cucumber and fruit trees attracting the most flower visitors. However, strawberry plants pollinated naturally by insects produced lower quality fruit than those receiving supplemental hand‐pollination. Urban crop pollination could therefore be improved through the provision of food and nesting habitats for insects.Summary

Growing food in and around cities could be a partial solution to sustainably increasing food production in an urbanised world. Recent studies have shown that small‐scale urban farms can be as productive, if not more so, than large‐scale conventional farms. However, the question of which insects visit fruit and vegetable crops in urban areas and whether there are sufficiently large and diverse populations to provide adequate pollination to food crops has been little explored.
Here we quantified plant–pollinator visitation networks in urban allotments in the city of Brighton and Hove, UK, to determine which insect groups visit commonly grown fruit and vegetable crops. We also conducted pollinator deficit experiments to determine whether there are sufficient pollinators in urban allotments to adequately pollinate two commonly grown insect‐pollinated crops, strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa) and runner beans (Phaseolus coccineus).
A broad range of insect‐pollinated fruit and vegetable crops were grown in allotments and were visited by a diversity of insects spanning many taxonomic groups. We found little evidence that runner bean crop yields were limited by a lack of pollination; however, open‐pollinated strawberry plants produced more ‘unmarketable’ fruit suggesting there is potential for improving the delivery of pollination to strawberries grown in urban areas.
Our results suggest there are potential opportunities for expanding urban food production to the benefit of both people and biodiversity. We recommend that future work should also consider the effectiveness of different insect groups in pollinating the various crops grown in urban areas.
De Ritis score as an inflammatory marker in Hashimoto's thyroiditis
Authors: Duman Tuba Taslamacioglu , Erge Eray , Tel Burcin Meryem Atak , Kiziltunc Cagri , Aktas Gulali 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the study was assessing the De Ritis score, an inflammatory marker, in Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) patients which is characterized with autoimmunity and chronic inflammation.MethodsBetween October 2021 and October 2022, the subjects in our outpatient clinics diagnosed with thyroiditis and healthy controls enrolled to the study. Age, gender, and laboratory parameters including C‐reactive protein (CRP), alanine (ALT), and aspartate (AST) transaminases, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free T4 (FT4), were obtained and recorded for all participants, retrospectively. Division of AST by ALT was the formula to calculate the De Ritis score. Characteristics and laboratory data of the study and healthy controls were compared.ResultsMedian de Ritis ratio of the HT group (1.11 (0.56)%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (0.91 (0.41)%), (p < .001). A positive and significant correlation between De Ritis score and CRP (r = 0.46, p < .001) values. ROC analysis revealed the sensitivity and the specificity of CRP in predicting HT were higher than those of the De Ritis score. A De Ritis score higher than 0.9% has 67% sensitivity and 50% specificity in selecting patients with thyroiditis (AUC: 0.69, p < .001, 95% CI: 0.63–0.76).ConclusionsWe think that elevated De Ritis score can be used as an adjunctive tool in the diagnosis of HT.
Thermodynamics and Perturbative Analysis of Some Newly Developed F(R,Lm,T)$\mathcal {F}(R,L_m, T)$ Theories Under the Scenario of Conserved Energy‐momentum Tensor
Authors: Zubair M. , Waheed Saira , Muneer Quratulien , Ahmad M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe present work is devoted to explore some interesting cosmological features of a newly proposed theory of gravity namely theory, whereRandTrepresent the Ricci scalar and trace of energy momentum‐tensor, respectively. First, a non‐equilibrium thermodynamical description is considered on the apparent horizon of the Friedmann's cosmos. The Friedmann equations are demonstrated to be equivalent to the first law of thermodynamics, i.e., , where refers to entropy production term. The constraint for validity of generalized second law of thermodynamics is also formulated and checked it for some simple well‐known forms of generic function . Next, the energy bounds for this framework and constraint the free variables by finding the validity regions for NEC and WEC are developed. Furthermore, some interesting cosmological solutions namely power law, ΛCDM, and de Sitter models in this theory are reconstructed. The reconstructed solutions are then examined by checking the validity of GSLT and energy bounds. Lastly, the stability of all reconstructed solutions by introducing suitable perturbations in the field equations is analyzed. It is concluded that obtained solutions are stable and cosmologically viable.
Prostate cancer genetic alterations in Hispanic men
Authors: Arenas‐Gallo Camilo , Rhodes Stephen , Garcia Jorge A. , Weinstein Ilon , Prunty Megan , Lewicki Patrick , Brant Aaron , Basourakos Spyridon P. , Barbieri Christopher E. , Lifschutz Noa , Schumacher Fredrick R. , Shoag Jonathan E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundDifferences in DNA alterations in prostate cancer among White, Black, and Asian men have been widely described. This is the first description of the frequency of DNA alterations in primary and metastatic prostate cancer samples of self‐reported Hispanic men.MethodsWe utilized targeted next‐generation sequencing tumor genomic profiles from prostate cancer tissues that underwent clinical sequencing at academic centers (GENIE 11th). We decided to restrict our analysis to the samples from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center as it was by far the main contributor of Hispanic samples. The numbers of men by self‐reported ethnicity and racial categories were analyzed via Fisher's exact test between Hispanic‐White versus non‐Hispanic White.Results and LimitationsOur cohort consisted of 1412 primary and 818 metastatic adenocarcinomas. In primary adenocarcinomas, TMPRSS2 and ERG gene alterations were less common in non‐Hispanic White men than Hispanic White (31.86% vs. 51.28%,p = 0.0007, odds ratio [OR] = 0.44 [0.27–0.72] and 25.34% vs. 42.31%,p = 0.002, OR = 0.46 [0.28–0.76]). In metastatic tumors, KRAS and CCNE1 alterations were less prevalent in non‐Hispanic White men (1.03% vs. 7.50%,p = 0.014, OR = 0.13 [0.03, 0.78] and 1.29% vs. 10.00%,p = 0.003, OR = 0.12 [0.03, 0.54]). No significant differences were found in actionable alterations and androgen receptor mutations between the groups. Due to the lack of clinical characteristics and genetic ancestry in this dataset, correlation with these could not be explored.ConclusionDNA alteration frequencies in primary and metastatic prostate cancer tumors differ among Hispanic‐White and non‐Hispanic White men. Notably, we found no significant differences in the prevalence of actionable genetic alterations between the groups, suggesting that a significant number of Hispanic men could benefit from the development of targeted therapies.
Sustainable investment – Exploring the linkage between alpha,ESG, andSDGs
Authors: Bekaert Geert , Rothenberg Richard , Noguer Miquel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEnvironmental, Social and Governance (ESG) investing has attracted much attention in asset management this past decade. Asset managers who consider ESG issues when making investment decisions potentially face a trade off with their fiduciary duty to attempt to outperform investment benchmarks (“generate alpha”). We first analyze the relationship between alpha generation and ESG metrics. However, because there are no well‐accepted ESG standards, we also measure the impact companies have on the U.N.'s Sustainable Development Goals (SDG's). Our research consists of three steps. First, we construct a sector‐neutral portfolio using MSCI ESG momentum scores from 2013 to 2018, and determine that it is feasible to generate positive alpha vis‐à‐vis the MSCI US index and other risk benchmarks. Second, we utilize structured and unstructured data to determine a company's net influence on the SDGs, which we call its SDG “footprint.” We show that an ESG momentum portfolio both outperforms the MSCI US index and has a relatively better SDG footprint than that of the index. Third, we establish a positive contemporaneous connection between the portfolio's ESG ratings momentum and its SDG footprint. Thus, a positive linkage exists between ESG, alpha, and the SDGs for our sample.
Peace and well‐being with storytelling in TESOL: Exploring peacebuilding through voices of English language learners in Pakistan
Authors: Haidar Sham , Farrukh Fizza 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStorytelling was initiated, as a part of this study, in a Pakistani university's undergraduate English class, involving reflective discussions and journal writing, to create a safe space where students can raise their voices. In a collectivist society, like Pakistan, society's norms are preferred over individual agencies (Bittles & Small, 2016), which instills a “collectivist obligation” amongst the youth to follow society's ways (Watkins & Biggs, 2001, p. 282) and, ultimately, distancing critical thinking (Feyyaz, 2016) and muting disparate voices (Zaidi et al., 2016). Moreover, Pakistan, being a developing country, faces multiple social and political issues (Droogan, 2018; Saeed et al., 2014) adding further pressure on these young minds. With technology, media, and education, the country's youth, especially majors in English, have started comparing their norms with modern values (Zubair, 2006) resulting in adjustment issues (Haidar, 2021a) which require attention and ventilation. In this study, the classroom was developed as a venting space for students whereby storytelling helped students in confronting conflicts, deliberating causes and navigating solutions. Data from journaling, discussions, and students' interviews revealed these practices were helpful in attaining mental peace, developing tolerance and building stronger human connections.
Centering minority‐serving institutions to counter dominant narratives about leadership identity development
Authors: Turman Natasha T. , Irwin Lauren N. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article focuses on Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs), Hispanic‐Serving Institutions (HSIs), Tribal Colleges and Universities (TCUs), and Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander‐Serving Institutions (AANAPISIs). These institution types are united by their commitments to racially and ethnically minoritized communities, expanding educational access, facilitating culturally affirming education, and developing collective and socially responsible leaders. As a counternarrative, the authors situate leadership identity development (LID) at Minority‐Serving Institutions (MSIs) to decenter whiteness in leadership scholarship and enactment and to elevate MSIs and their impact on students’ leader and leadership identity development (LID).
Working-Class Adult Students: Negotiating Inequalities in the Graduate Labour Market
Authors: Merrill Barbara , Revers Scott 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIncreasing attention has been paid to the ways in which higher education is attuned to the labour market. Graduates have typically, in terms of their role and input, been positioned as key players on the economic stage. The discussion over ‘work-readiness’ and the economic contribution they can make has spawned a narrative and language in HE around the question of ‘employability’ which is dominated by a human capital approach. As Tomlinson asserts: ‘It now appears no longer enough just to be a graduate, but instead an employable graduate’ (Graduate employability: A review of conceptual and theoretical themes. Higher Education Policy, 25, 412–431, 2012, p. 25).Taking a critical stance, our focus will be on working-class adult students studying at an elite UK university and their perceptions of how they are positioned in the graduate labour market. Using biographical methods and the voices of adult students, we will look at how they experience inequalities (class, gender, and age) when accessing the labour market. The voices of adult students reveal a different language to those of employers and university staff. The emphasis on employability in HE has resulted in increasing inequalities between traditional and non-traditional students. We will explore these challenges for adult students to explore how it has impacted on them and their attempts to enter into the labour market by drawing upon the work of Bourdieu and, in particular, his concepts of capitals, habitus and field.
Institutionalisation of Employability Capital in Employment Markets
Authors: Cai Yuzhuo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCai and Tomlinson’s (A renewed analytical framework for understanding employers’ perceptions of graduate employability: Integration of capital and institutionalist perspectives. In T. Broadley, Y. Cai, M. Firth, E. Hunt, & J. Neugebauer (Eds.), SAGE Handbook of Graduate Employability (pp. 479–495). Sage, 2023) renewed analytical framework for understanding employers’ beliefs about graduate employability integrates Tomlinson’s (Forms of graduate capital and their relationship to graduate employability. Education + Training, 59(4), 338–352. https://doi.org/10.1108/et-05-2016-0090, 2017) concept of employability capital and Cai’s (Graduate employability: a conceptual framework for understanding employers’ perceptions. Higher Education, 65(4), 457–469. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-012-9556-x, 2013) conceptualisation of the institutionalisation of employers’ perceptions of graduate employability. This paper uses it to reinterpret an empirical investigation of China-based Finnish employers’ perceptions of Finnish-educated Chinese graduates (Cai, Understanding employers’ perceptions of international graduates: An investigation of the employment prospects of Finnish-educated Chinese graduates in Finnish companies operating in China. Tampere University Press, 2012) to test and enhance the framework. The re-analysis of old findings with the new framework focuses on two questions: What is the explanatory power of Cai and Tomlinson’s (A renewed analytical framework for understanding employers’ perceptions of graduate employability: Integration of capital and institutionalist perspectives. In T. Broadley, Y. Cai, M. Firth, E. Hunt, & J. Neugebauer (Eds.), SAGE Handbook of Graduate Employability (pp. 479–495). Sage, 2023) framework, and how can it be demonstrated? How can the framework be further enhanced? By answering these questions, the paper also contributes to resolving some long-standing debates in the graduate employability literature, such as whether an international education improves employability.
Leib, Intentionalität, Passivität und Bildlichkeit
Authors: Ekweariri Dominic Nnaemeka 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungWenn die Leiblichkeit in der Phänomenologie eine theoretische Intuition der Subjektivität und des Weltbezugs artikuliert und wenn der Leib die Erfahrung des einzelnen Leibes bezeugt, auf welcher Art von Kohärenz können wir dann ein Verständnis des leiblichen Weltbezugs gründen? Husserl, der Begründer der Phänomenologie, und nach ihm Merleau-Ponty, gaben eine Antwort auf diese Frage, indem sie einen Modus der Orientierung zur Welt vorschlugen, der nicht nur intentional, sondern auch passiv und bildlich ist, jeder auf seine Weise. Richirs Auseinandersetzung mit einem solchen Denksystem wird darin offensichtlich, das er in Abgrenzung dazu eher nicht intentionale, nicht passive, und nicht bildliche Zugänge des Leibes zur Welt vertreten hat. Wir werden diese Auseinandersetzung im Hinblick auf die intentionale Modifikation des anderen in der Intersubjektivität (Husserl), den präreflexiven, motorischen intentionalen Bezug des Leibes zur Welt (Merleau-Ponty) und das Verstehen sprachlicher Ausdrücke (Husserl) untersuchen. Im Rahmen dieser Auseinandersetzung möchten wir eine Antwort auf diese Frage verteidigen, da wir der Ansicht sind, dass jede durch die Leiblichkeit ermöglichte Öffnung zur Welt die Dimension der Sinnhaftigkeit artikulieren muss.
Massless entanglement islands in cone holography
Authors: Li Dongqi , Miao Rong-Xin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
It is controversial whether entanglement islands can exist in massless gravity theories. Recently, it is found that the massless entanglement island appears in wedge holography with DGP gravity on the branes. In this paper, we generalize the discussions to the codim-n holography named cone holography. For simplicity, we focus on the case with a codim-2 E brane and a codim-1 Q brane. We discuss the effective action, mass spectrum and holographic entanglement entropy for cone holography with DGP terms. We verify that there is massless gravity on the branes, and recover non-trivial entanglement islands and Page curves. Besides, we work out the parameter space which allows entanglement islands and Page curves. Compared with wedge holography, there are several new features. First, one can not add DGP gravity on the codim-2 E brane. That is because the energy density has to be a constant on codim-2 branes for Einstein gravity in bulk. Second, the Hartman- Maldacena surface ends only on the codim-1 Q brane. Third, the Hartman-Maldacena surface can be defined only in a finite time. We notice that this unusual situation also appears in AdS/dCFT and even in AdS/CFT. Fortunately, it does not affect the Page curve since it happens after Page time. Our results provide more support that the entanglement island is consistent with massless gravity theories.
Fits of αs using power corrections in the three-jet region
Authors: Nason Paolo , Zanderighi Giulia 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this work we study the impact of recent findings regarding non-perturbative corrections in the three-jet region to e+e− hadronic observables, by performing a simultaneous fit of the strong coupling constant αs and the non-perturbative parameter α0. We extend the calculation of these power corrections, already known for thrust and C-parameter, to other e+e− hadronic observables. We find that for some observables the non-perturbative corrections are reasonably well behaved in the two-jet limit, while for others they have a more problematic behaviour. If one limits the fit to the three-jet region and to the well-behaved observables, one finds in general very good results, with the extracted value of αs agreeing well with the world average. This is the case in particular for the thrust and C-parameter for which notably small values of αs have been reported when non-perturbative corrections have been computed using analytic methods. Furthermore, the more problematic variables are also well described provided one stays far enough from the two-jet limit, while in this same region they cannot be described using the traditional implementation of power-corrections based on two-jet kinematics.
Research solution for automatic hole quality analysis when drilling fiber-reinforced composites
Authors: Hrechuk Andrii , Hörndahl Mikael , Schultheiss Fredrik 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFiber-reinforced polymers are highly demanding composites in aerospace and automotive areas because of their excellent mechanical properties such as stiffness and strength-to-weight ratio. The drilling remains the major machining operation applied to composites to provide high-quality holes for joints between parts. Due to composites plied structure, the drilling is accompanied with unusual form metal cutting defects such as delamination and uncut fibers around the drilled hole. Considering that the tool life of some drills reaches over thousands of holes, the research of composites machinability becomes difficult due to demanded labor intensity in manual inspection of the hole quality. Therefore, this paper develops the research solution for automatic analysis of the hole quality in drilled fiber-reinforced materials. The paper proposes a complex of solutions aimed to speed up the analysis of the hole quality when composites drilling. The solution consists of the developed vacuum table, robot arm with high-speed camera, developed top and bottom lightning systems, and Image Processing algorithms for defect detection from captured images. The paper results show how the developed solution can be used for high routine research activities. The output data, including tested 72 cutting data parameters and full-size tool life test, allowed identifying the operational window for high-speed steel drills and the range of tool life, where drill ensures a certain hole quality. The paper shows the efficiency of the developed research solution can reach 5 s per hole including drilling and full cycle of measurements having measurement error of 1–3%.