bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling and numerical solution of the Laplace equation in 2D by the finite difference method case of the heat equation - Study of stability
Authors: Taloub Djedid , Bouras Abdelkarim , Driss Zied 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The objective of this paper is to show the procedure to follow to analyze a physical phenomenon, with a simple and effective method. Mathematical stability examination was performed to define which resolution is stable and physically feasible. We have seen the approach and the steps that must be taken to go from a mathematical model to a numerical model. To do this, we used the Poisson equation as an example, and to show the results, we used the heat transfer equation. In real life, the most difficult step is not the numerical processing and analysis, but to understand the physical phenomenon and to translate it into a mathematical formulation. The finite difference approach is employed to resolving those equations numerically. The resulting schemes were resolved by the iterative GAUSS Seidel technique. These differential schemes have an approximate order 0(h2), and are absolute stable. Differential schemes are a linear algebraic equation system which solution can be solved by the Gaussian technique of elimination. This paper provides a good basis for the analysis of physical phenomena that deal with partial differential equations in 2D. In several sectors and branches, whether in the industrial framework.
Comparative Efficacy of Gingival Massage of Aloe-vera gel and Sidr Honey on Gingival health: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Khalid Fizza , Ahmed Shahbaz , Farooqui Waqas Ahmed , Pervaiz Haseeb , Riaz Sania , Shabbir Sumaiya , Khan Ziaur Rahman 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Inflammation of gingival tissues in response to bacterial plaque accumulation is a key risk factor for the onset of gingivitis and progression towards periodontal inflammation. Thus, control of gingival inflammation is a prerequisite to sustain gingival health. Honey has been used in gingivitis and periodontal diseases for its antibacterial and healing properties, on the other hand, use of aloe-vera gel for its anti-inflammatory properties, has been reported in dentistry for many oral conditions. The main objective of the study was to find out the effects of gingival massage with aloe-vera gel and sidr honey as adjunct as well as the difference in the efficacy of aloe-vera gel and sidr honey in reducing clinical parameters.
Method:
105 patients with gingivitis were selected in this single-blinded Randomized control clinical trial. At recruitment dental prophylaxis i-e ultra-sonic scaling (US) was performed. At baseline all clinical parameters, gingival index, plaque index and bleeding on probing were recorded. All the participants were then randomly divided into three groups, Group A: US & Gingival massage with aloe-vera gel, Group B: US & Gingival massage with Sidr honey and Group C US only. On 30th day of trial all the patients were re-examined for all the clinical parameters.
Results:
Gingival massage with both interventions showed statistically significant improvement in plaque index, gingival index and bleeding on probing. In Group A and B highly, significant differences were observed in plaque index (<0.001), gingival index (<0.001) and bleeding on probing after gingival massage with interventions when compared with control group. However, when group A was compared to group B significant differences were observed in gingival index.
Conclusion
This clinical trial showed that gingival massage with both naturopath’s aloe-vera gel and sidr honey had significant effect in reducing plaque index, gingival index and bleeding on probing when used as adjuncts in patients with gingivitis. However, sidr honey gingival massage was more effective than aloe-vera gel in comparison to control group.
Trial Registration no: ClinicalTrials.gov, under the protocol ID NCT05231096 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05231096).
Relationships between stiffness of material, lamellas and CLT elements with respect to out of plane bending and rolling shear
Authors: Olsson Anders , Schirén Whokko , Segerholm Kristoffer , Bader Thomas 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The use of cross laminated timber (CLT) for construction has increased greatly in recent years and the large volumes of wood used for CLT means that it is important to optimize the use of the material. This requires relevant grading of lamellas and knowledge of relationships between lamella and CLT properties. In the present study the relationship between dynamic axial modulus of elasticity (MoE) of lamellas and the quasi-static out of plane bending stiffness of CLT is investigated. By means of four-point bending test it is shown that the effective quasi-static MoE of lamellas in CLT is only 2­–6 % lower than the average axial dynamic MoE of the individual lamellas. With this knowledge, producers of CLT can easily predict and control the important out of plane bending stiffness of the produced CLT. Moreover, it is shown that effective rolling shear stiffness of layers in CLT can be accurately determined by means of digital image correlation performed in connection to four-point bending of CLT, even for long test spans. For layers of lamellas of Scots pine of size 40 × 190 mm2 the average apparent or effective rolling shear modulus was determined to 159 MPa. The average rolling shear modulus of the same material was determined to 56 MPa.
PROJETO EDIHUM: TEORIAS E PRÁTICAS DA EXTENSÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA NO PERÍODO DA PANDEMIA DE COVID-19
Authors: Ziliotto Bomfá Cláudia Regina , De Mello Netto Silvio José , Alles Cardoso João , Tamara Haag Antonia , Gabriéli Ilha Lima Zila 
Published: January 2023

O presente artigo aborda dimensões teóricas e práticas da extensão universitária durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Especificamente, a reflexão trata da aplicação do Projeto de Extensão EDIHUM, inserido no âmbito do Programa de Educação Tutorial Ciências Sociais Aplicadas (PET CiSA) da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Em 2020, a equipe EDIHUM produziu quatro episódios de podcast que foram compartilhados com seis turmas de ensino médio, em colaboração com um professor de Geografia da rede estadual. Para avaliar tal empreendimento, o texto lança mão de contribuições da literatura acadêmica sobre noções de educação em direitos humanos e de extensão universitária. O diálogo com tais teorizações reforça a conveniência do uso da teoria de forma pragmática visando o desenvolvimento autocrítico da comunicação entre Universidade e demais setores da sociedade.
Palavras-chave: extensão; ensino remoto; educação tutorial; educação em direitos humanos.
VEM PARA A TURMA DA VACINAÇÃO: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Rodrigues Almeida Gabrielle Lorrane , Rodrigues Almeida Marianne Emanuelle , Moraes Cardoso Rodrigues João Olinto , Garcia Bueno Lara Lucena , Aquino Lopes Rabelo Ana Cláudia , Monteiro Rodrigues Gustavo 
Published: January 2023

INTRODUÇÃO: A vacinação infantil é uma ação imprescindível no combate a enfermidades imunopreveníveis. OBJETIVO: Relatar uma experiência durante a realização da atualização do cartão de vacinação. METODOLOGIA: A ação vacinal foi realizada no CEMEI São Norberto da cidade de Montes Claros-MG. As vacinas administradas foram: Influenza, Sarampo, Rotavírus, VOP e Pfizer. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: O evento proporcionou a conscientização da comunidade, sobre a relevância da vacinação de forma a garantir que os cartões de vacina estejam completos de acordo com o cronograma nacional. CONCLUSÕES: É indispensável a criação de campanhas que confirmem a importância da vacinação infantil, visando auxiliar as autoridades de saúde com a aplicação dos calendários vacinais.
Sistem Monitoring Inkubator Bayi Multifungsi dengan Fototerapi dan Ayunan Mekanis Berbasis ESP32
Authors: Idhil Andi Nurul Isri Indriany , Fadilla Rafa Raihan , Anggraini Monika Ayu Puji , Dewi Ajeng Kusuma , Sanjaya Mochamad Rofi , Nurrohman Muhammad Yogi , Rahmadwati Rahmadwati 
Published: January 2023

Abstractâ€” Many infant mortality rates are due to premature events. Premature babies are at high risk for hypothermia and hyperbilirubinemia. To overcome this, an incubator can be used as a warmer and light therapy as blue light therapy for yellow babies. However, both medical devices have still been found using manual control. If the health worker is tired of working and manually controlling both devices, it can put the baby at risk. Multifunctional infant incubator based on ESP32, which is an infant incubator equipped with phototherapy and a mechanical swing. This multifunctional baby incubator has the ability to warm the baby's body, the baby yellow light therapy, and can calm the baby when crying. This tool can be monitored remotely using the Internet of Things (IoT). The sensors used are the DHT22 sensor and the sound sensor. Multifunctional baby incubator can make it easier for hospital or basic health care facility level to monitor baby's health in real time without being at the device location and the resulting data can be stored neatly.Â Keywordsâ€” Internet of Things, Monitoring, Incubator, Phototherapy.Â Abstrakâ€“- Angka kematian bayi banyak disebabkan oleh kejadian prematur. Bayi prematur berisiko tinggi terhadap hipotermia dan hiperbilirubinemia. Untuk mengatasinya dapat digunakan inkubator sebagai penghangat dan fototerapi sebagai terapi sinar biru bayi kuning. Akan tetapi, masih ditemukan kedua alat kesehatan tersebut menggunakan pengontrolan secara manual. Apabila petugas kesehatan kelelahan bekerja dan melakukan pengontrolan kedua alat secara manual dapat menempatkan bayi dalam bahaya. Inkubator bayi multifungsi berbasis ESP32 yaitu inkubator bayi yang dilengkapi dengan fototerapi dan ayunan mekanis. Inkubator bayi multifungsi ini memiliki kemampuan untuk menghangatkan tubuh bayi, terapi sinar bayi kuning, dan dapat menenangkan bayi ketika menangis. Alat ini dapat dipantau dari jarak jauh menggunakan Internet of Things (IoT). Adapun sensor yang digunakan yaitu sensor DHT22 dan sensor suara. Inkubator bayi multifungsi dapat mempermudah pihak rumah sakit ataupun tingkat fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan dasar untuk mengontrol kesehatan bayi secara real time tanpa ada di lokasi alat dan data yang dihasilkan dapat tersimpan dengan rapi.Kata Kunciâ€” Internet of Things, Monitoring, Inkubator, Fototerapi.
ASSESSMENT OF THE INSTRUMENTAL ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING IN MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AND DEMENTIA DUE TO ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE: DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF THE SERBIAN VERSION OF THE AMSTERDAM IADL QUESTIONNAIRE
Authors: Milošević Vuk , Malobabić Marina , Antić Eva , Aracki Trenkić Aleksandra , Stojanov Dragan , Bašić Jelena 
Published: January 2023

To establish a diagnosis of dementia, it is necessary, in addition to cognitive impairment, to prove the existence of a disorder of instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). The Amsterdam IADL Questionnaire is a reliable instrument translated into different languages. This study aims to assess the diagnostic accuracy of the Serbian version of the Amsterdam IADL Questionnaire. The study included 75 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia due to Alzheimer's disease. The questionnaire was scored using the weighted average (WA) and item response theory (IRT) scoring method. Diagnostic accuracy was examined using receiver–operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The area under the curves (AUC) was calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The correlation between IRT and WA scores was strong and significant (r=-0.980, p<0.001). The AUC for the IRT scores of A-IADL-Q was 0.832 (95% CI: 0.729 to 0.909), while the AUC for the WA scores of A-IADL-Q was 0.848 (95% CI: 0.746 to 0.920). Both were significantly different from the AUC of 0.5 (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between the AUCs of IRT and WA scoring (z=1.157; p=0.247). Cutoffs and the highest combination of sensitivity and specificity for the IRT (sensitivity 0.767; specificity 0. 844) and WA (sensitivity 0.744; specificity 0. 844) scores of A-IADL-Q were calculated. We have shown that A-IADL-Q has moderate diagnostic accuracy in differentiating dementia and MCI. This instrument can be used in combination with cognitive measures to diagnose dementia in its early stages.
(Re)Framing the Historiography of the Hiatus
Authors: Silva Henriques Fabrício da , Coelho Santos Gabriela , Chaves de Freitas Lucas Daniel 
Published: January 2023

The book “Cold War and International law” represents a great effort in presenting a different view in the historiography of international law about this important period of the 20th Century. The purpose of this paper is to engage with the proposal of the editors and reflect upon the issues arising from the traditional portray of the “Cold War”, although offering what could be a fourth perspective on the subject: that of the establishment of “development” as an argumentative pattern in international law. In a dialog with another recent work with special relevance to the history of International Law – Ntina Tzouvala’s “Capitalism as Civilisation” – we revisit some of the essays presented in the book to illustrate the thesis that an attention to the uses of the concept of “development” can be central to an account of this period that goes beyond the East-West feud, leaving a profound legacy in contemporary accounts of Law. By shedding light on perspectives once overlooked, the book shows how the Cold War can be analyzed as a moment of prolific development of standards of domination. The struggle for the Global South was much more than a dispute for military sway or political influence through international institutions, it also encompassed a refined project of creating concepts and a new perspective in international law that permitted the consolidation of political asymmetry through juridical institutions.
KEYWORDS: Cold War. International Law. Global South.
A Terceira República
Authors: Serra Van-Dúnem José Octávio 
Published: January 2023

O presente artigo visa analisar o paradigma político e social definido pela CRA, salientar as suas forças, os avanços em relação às repúblicas precedentes, bem como suas fraquezas, propor algumas medidas para consolidá-lo e encarar as perspectivas.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Constituição. Direitos fundamentais. Executivo. Legislativo. Judiciário.
Alveolar Bone Exostoses following Orthodontic Treatment. Diagnostic Considerations and Clinical Management
Authors: Venugopal Adith , Bunthouen Noem , hasan hasan , Agani Krenare , Butera Andrea , Vaid Nikhilesh 
Published: January 2023

Alveolar bone exostoses (ABE) are benign localized convex outgrowths of
buccal or lingual bone from the cortical plate, often known as buttress
bone development. Our review and case series shows ABE following
orthodontic treatment. If self-remission fails after orthodontic forces
are removed, we have shown surgical methods to correct ABE
Treatment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Maternal Risk of Diabetes After Pregnancy
Authors: Retnakaran Ravi , Ye Chang , Hanley Anthony J. , Connelly Philip W. , Sermer Mathew , Zinman Bernard 
Published: January 2023

OBJECTIVETo compare postpartum glucose tolerance between women treated for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and those not treated.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSMetabolic testing was performed at 3 and 12 months postpartum in 599 women comprising the following gestational glucose tolerance groups: 1) normal glucose challenge test (GCT) and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) during pregnancy, 2) abnormal GCT with normal OGTT, 3) gestational impaired glucose tolerance, 4) mild untreated GDM, and 5) severe treated GDM.RESULTSBirth weight progressively increased across groups 1–4 before falling steeply in treated GDM (P &lt; 0.0001). In contrast, at 3 and 12 months, insulin sensitivity and β-cell function progressively decreased across the five groups, mirrored by rising fasting and 2-h glucose (all P &lt; 0.0001). Accordingly, prevalence of prediabetes/diabetes at 12 months increased in a stepwise manner across groups 1–5 (2.8%, 9.6%, 13.5%, 21.5%, and 32.6%, respectively; P &lt; 0.0001).CONCLUSIONSTreating GDM lowers birth weight but does not disrupt the association between gestational glycemia and maternal prediabetes/diabetes after pregnancy.
Povos Indígenas, o Livro Didático e equivalente
Authors: Rufino Ângela Maria dos Santos , Senna Luiz Antonio Gomes , Oliveira Igor Soares de 
Published: January 2023

Os Livros Didáticos (LDs) e congêneres não transmitem somente fatos, mas também difundem ideologias, seguindo as tendências políticas da classe dominante. É comum encontrar em suas páginas elementos limitados e isolados da história e da cultura de grupos desfavorecidos. Assim, objetiva-se com este trabalho tecer uma análise crítica/reflexiva acerca dos conteúdos insertos nos LDs sobre os povos indígenas. A abordagem bibliográfica e documental foi escolhida para fundamentar e compor o itinerário do artigo. Em linhas gerais, o estudo revelou que os LDs e similares podem carregar em seu cerne conteúdos que depreciam e inferiorizam os povos indígenas, prejudicando, dessa forma, seu processo de emancipação social.
Introdução
Authors: Moraes Gustavo Henrique , M. de Albuquerque Ana Elizabeth , Dos Santos Robson 
Published: January 2023

São Paulo, 26 de fevereiro de 2020. Um homem de 61 anos, que acabara de retornar de uma viagem à Itália, recebeu o diagnóstico do primeiro caso confirmado no Brasil de covid-19, a doença causada pelo novo coronavírus. Pouco depois, em 11 de março, a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) elevou o estágio da contaminação ao status de pandemia global, indicando a necessidade do estabelecimento de medidas protetivas.
Cercada de incertezas, a pandemia atingiu um Brasil despreparado para o seu enfrentamento. Entre os mais otimistas, prevalecia a tese de uma ameaça passageira, algo como um surto gripal de curta duração. Para outros, mais conectados à realidade internacional, a situação mostrava-se potencialmente dramática, exigindo ações imediatas.
The Analysis of Persona in Suzanna Collin's “The Hunger Games” Movie
Authors: Putri Siregar Pretty Yuliastika 
Published: January 2023

In real life as a mirror life, literature is the one things that happen in the life of human beings and their surrounding. As a careful student , who discuses literary works is an effort to be able to add experience about life and to gain knowledge about human life itself by using all kinds of problems. The movie discusses in this article by title The analysis of persona in Suzanna Collin’s “The Hunger Games” Movie. This article will be analyzed by using Carl Gustav Jung’s archetypes theory to make a comparative study through of the novel. This study concern of the Jung’s archetypes of the persona. The method of the researcher took is descriptive text analysis. The article also used the comparative study. The results of this study can show the different an achievements of persona by presenting of the characters of the Suzanna Collin’s in the analysis of persona. This article concern to C. Guctav Jung’s theory that discusses about the persona. The method of the research is descriptive analysis. This article can show the different of persona through representation of the character of Katniss Everdeen in The Hunger Games.
An Analysis of the Different Style between British and American Phonological System in the Sophomores' Speech Errors at Senior High School
Authors: Pratiwi Sumawar , Latta Sima , Aritonang Gabryela , Rahmawati Rahmawati , Daulay Irma Khoirot 
Published: January 2023

This research aims to discover and analyze the problems of speech process between British and American phonological system faced by the students. It particularly examines the impact of language phonotactics on speech errors. Data were collected from random sample of sophomores in SMAN 1 Labuhan Deli using descriptive quantitative method. Data collection in techniques started from recorded, rated, and analyzed. The researchers put the data analysis results grouped into two parts, the frist one is total production of speech errors, then the second id analysis of chosen words in British and American accent which systematically categorized based on IPA and other indicators. According to the results, students were fail to speech smoothly. The data of students’ speech errors showed that the highest and lowest percentage happened in correction (193 times (14%) and slip of tongue 110 times (8%), with the mode value 13%. While in phonological systems data samples, either British or American has ryhthm as the indicator with the lowest score. Based on the data, the researchers found the mode value is in score 4. It means that the speech errors indicator, correction, occured by the affect of different rhythm between British and American accent, but the mistake did not really disturb the meaning.
Students’ Perception on the Implementation of English Week Program in Islamic Boarding School
Authors: Ferian Ferian , Larasati Finza , Sulaiman Masagus 
Published: January 2023

Abstract This research aims to investigate the students’ perception on the implementation of English week program and how was the program applied. The participants were 34 students, the researchers used stratified technique sampling to take four students of each class. The researcher used questionnaire to collect data from participants. The questionnaire consists of 20 questionnaire items. The students have positive perception on the implementation of English week program. it could be seen from the result of questionnaire item number 12 “the students should follow program is applied on English week” where there were 24 students (70%) agreed about the program. Meanwhile,10 students (30%) disagreed about the program.Keywords: English Week, Perception, Speaking
The Use of Zoom Application As Teaching Media To Improve Students’ Speaking Skill
Authors: Dharmawati Dharmawati 
Published: January 2023

This study seeks to investigate the use of zoom application as teaching media to improve students’ speaking skill. Zoom application becomes the most popular tool in teaching learning process for pandemic era, especially in teaching speaking The main purpose of this study how to improve students’ speaking skill in English by using zoom application. It allows students and lecturer to make calls, send messages and do video conferencing online. This study was action research by combining quantitave and qualitative. The subject of this study was 25 second semester students of informatics department at Universitas Harapan Medan in the academic year of 2020/2021. The data were in the forms of qualitative and quantitative. The qualitative data were obtained by observing the teaching and learning process of speaking and interviewing and the quantitave data were acquired through pre-test and post-test. The result of the study showed the improvement the students’ score from 6.9 in pre-test to 13.29 in the post-test proved that teaching English using zoom application was able to improve their speaking skill. The procedure of improving speaking skill by using zoom application consists of preparation, presentation, practice, evaluation and expansion.