bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implications of the new MRI-based rectum definition according to the sigmoid take-off: multicentre cohort study
Authors: Burghgraef Thijs A , Hol Jeroen C , Rutgers Marieke L , Brown Gina , Hompes Roel , Sietses Colin , Consten Esther C J ,   the MIRECA Study Group, Crolla R M P H , Geitenbeek R T J , Geloven A A W van , Leijtens J W A , Polat F , Pronk A , Smits A B , Tuynman J B , Verdaasdonk E G G , Verheijen P M 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
The introduction of the sigmoid take-off definition might lead to a shift from rectal cancers to sigmoid cancers. The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to determine the clinical impact of the new definition.

Methods
In this multicentre retrospective cohort study, patients were included if they underwent an elective, curative total mesorectal excision for non-metastasized rectal cancer between January 2015 and December 2017, were registered in the Dutch Colorectal Audit as having a rectal cancer according to the previous definition, and if MRI was available. All selected rectal cancer cases were reassessed using the sigmoid take-off definition. The primary outcome was the number of patients reassessed with a sigmoid cancer. Secondary outcomes included differences between the newly defined rectal and sigmoid cancer patients in treatment, perioperative results, and 3-year oncological outcomes (overall and disease-free survivals, and local and systemic recurrences).

Results
Out of 1742 eligible patients, 1302 rectal cancer patients were included. Of these, 170 (13.1 per cent) were reclassified as having sigmoid cancer. Among these, 93 patients (54.7 per cent) would have been offered another adjuvant or neoadjuvant treatment according to the Dutch guideline. Patients with a sigmoid tumour after reassessment had a lower 30-day postoperative complication rate (33.5 versus 48.3 per cent, P &lt; 0.001), lower reintervention rate (8.8 versus 17.4 per cent, P &lt; 0.007), and a shorter length of stay (a median of 5 days (i.q.r. 4–7) versus a median of 6 days (i.q.r. 5–9), P &lt; 0.001). Three-year oncological outcomes were comparable.

Conclusion
Using the anatomical landmark of the sigmoid take-off, 13.1 per cent of the previously classified patients with rectal cancer had sigmoid cancer, and 54.7 per cent of these patients would have been treated differently with regard to neoadjuvant therapy or adjuvant therapy.
Glycemic control level alters working memory neural dynamics in adults with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Embury Christine M , Lord Grace H , Drincic Andjela T , Desouza Cyrus V , Wilson Tony W 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Poor glycemic control in type 2 diabetes has been associated with accentuated age-related cognitive decline, although the underlying neural mechanisms are not well understood. The current study sought to identify the impact of glycemic control on the neural dynamics serving working memory in adults with type 2 diabetes. Participants (n = 34, ages = 55–73) performed a working memory task while undergoing MEG. Significant neural responses were examined relative to poorer (A1c &gt; 7.0%) or tighter glycemic control (A1c &lt; 7.0%). Those with poorer glycemic control showed diminished responses within left temporal and prefrontal regions during encoding and showed diminished responses within right occipital cortex during maintenance but showed an enhanced activity in the left temporal, occipital, and cerebellar regions during maintenance. Notably, left temporal activity in encoding and left lateral occipital activity in maintenance significantly predicted performance on the task such that diminished temporal activity led to longer reaction times, which were driven by the poorer glycemic control group. Greater lateral occipital activity during maintenance was associated with both lower accuracy and longer reaction times across all participants. These findings suggest that glycemic control has a robust impact on the neural dynamics serving working memory, with distinct effects by subprocess (e.g. encoding vs. maintenance) and direct effects on behavior.
A case report of infective endocarditis in a 52-year-old female with unrepaired tricuspid atresia and d-transposition of the great arteries
Authors: Karmali Rehan , Mazumder Samia , Berglund Felix , Fuchs Margaret M 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
d-Transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA) is a congenital cardiac defect that is typically fatal. Those patients who survive without surgical repair and who are rare in number, need adequate intracardiac shunting and will suffer from chronic cyanosis. Here, we present a rare case of an adult with unrepaired cyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD) who developed infective endocarditis (IE) and also our approach to the medical decision-making process in this uncommonly encountered dilemma.

Case summary
A 52-year-old female with unrepaired d-TGA with tricuspid atresia, hypoplastic right ventricle, unrestricted atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, and sub-valvular as well as valvular pulmonic stenosis with a hypoplastic, bicuspid pulmonary valve presented with abdominal pain and hypoxia and was found to have an acute renal infarct. Transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) revealed a large mobile mass on the mitral valve. Blood cultures grew Streptococcus mitis-oralis and she was diagnosed with streptococcal native mitral valve IE complicated by a renal embolus. Her large left-sided vegetation and embolic phenomenon favoured surgery. However, a right heart catheterization showed normal intracardiac pressures, likely a result of multi-level obstruction relating to sub-valvular and valvular pulmonary stenosis protecting the pulmonary vasculature from over-circulation and pulmonary hypertension. Cardiac surgery posed a significant risk of destabilizing her delicately balanced haemodynamics. Hence, she was treated with ceftriaxone for 4 weeks. A repeat TTE 8 weeks later showed a resolution of the vegetation.

Discussion
A decision for surgery vs. medical treatment for IE in adult patients with compensated CHD should be made following a multi-disciplinary assessment of each patient’s unique cardiac haemodynamics and after shared decision-making with the patient.
Peripheral location of lung cancer is associated with higher local disease recurrence
Authors: Fourdrain Alex , Anastay Vassili , Pauly Vanessa , Braggio Cesare , D'Journo Xavier-Benoit , Boulate David , Thomas Pascal-Alexandre 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Our goal was to evaluate the association between the distance of the tumour to the visceral pleura and the rate of local recurrence in patients surgically treated for stage pI lung cancer.

METHODS
We conducted a single-centre retrospective review of 578 consecutive patients with clinical stage IA lung cancer who underwent a lobectomy or segmentectomy from January 2010 to December 2019. We excluded 107 patients with positive margins, previous lung cancer, neoadjuvant treatment and pathological stage II or higher status or for whom preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans were not available at the time of the study. The distance between the tumour and the closest visceral pleura area (fissure/mediastinum/lateral) was assessed by 2 independent investigators who used preoperative CT scans and multiplanar 3-dimensional reconstructions. An area under the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to determine the best threshold for the tumour/pleura distance. Then multivariable survival analyses were used to assess the relationship between local recurrence and this threshold in relation to other variables.

RESULTS
Local recurrence occurred in 27/471 patients (5.8%). A cut-off value of 5 mm between the tumour and the pleura was determined statistically. In the multivariable analysis, the local recurrence rate was significantly higher in patients with a tumour-to-pleura distance ≤5 mm compared to patients with a tumour-to-pleura distance &gt;5 mm (8.5% vs 2.7%, hazard ratio 3.36, 95% confidence interval: 1.31–8.59, P = 0.012). Subgroup analyses of patients with pIA and tumour size ≤2 cm identified local recurrences in 4/78 patients treated with segmentectomy (5.1%), with a significantly higher occurrence with tumour-to-pleura distances ≤5 mm (11.4% vs 0%, P = 0.037), and in 16/292 patients treated with lobectomy (5.5%) without significant higher occurrence in tumour-to-pleura distances of ≤5 mm (7.7% vs 3.4%, P = 0.13).

CONCLUSIONS
The peripheral location of a lung tumour is associated with a higher rate of local recurrence and should be taken into account during preoperative planning when considering segmental versus lobar resection.
Off the mark? What we (should) know about the bright and dark sides of corporate trademark practices
Authors: Castaldi Carolina 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Corporate trademark practices play a key role in the intangible reputation-based economy and are increasingly being scrutinized by societal stakeholders. Yet, research on the effects of trademarks has mostly focused on private returns, while insights on their societal returns are scattered and resting on limited empirical evidence. This study integrates existing research in a framework connecting suggested mechanisms to the available evidence. The integrative framework lays bare clear gaps in our theoretical understanding and the empirical support, with the dark sides of corporate trademark practices being critically under-investigated. Based on this analysis, I propose a research agenda stemming from two broad questions: (i) how do corporate trademark practices deal with societal pressures? and (ii) how do corporate trademark practices enable or hinder competition and innovation? The envisioned research lines bear relevance for organizations, society, and research alike.
Stage identification and strategy optimization of industrial evolution of China’s digital economy supporting low-carbon effect
Authors: Yang Yanping , Wang Bojun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Developing low-carbon economy is an inherent requirement for China's sustainable development, and digital economy is an important engine for China's economy to reduce carbon emission intensity in the new development stage. Identifying the industrial evolution law of China's digital economy is helpful to diagnose its development opportunity, tap the ‘green potential’ and provide strategic support for the digital economy to play the low-carbon effect. Based on the data of China's digital industrialization and industry digitization from 2001 to 2020, the development level of China's digital economy industry was analyzed by logistic curve estimation, and the evolution stage of China's digital economy industry was determined by the characteristic points of the curve. The results showed that, before 2008, China's digital economy industry was in the germination period; from 2009 to 2035, China's digital economy industry is in the period of accelerating growth; from 2036 to 2062, China's digital economy industry will be in the mature stage; after 2062, it will enter a period of decline. The above analysis results are basically in line with the requirements of China's ‘strategic plan to become a high-income country by 2035’ and ‘strategic goal of achieving carbon neutrality by 2060’. Finally, according to the carbon emission reduction development demand of China's digital economy in the ‘growth period’, it is pointed out that it is urgent for China to continue to promote the construction of digital infrastructure, achieve green digital technology innovation, improve the social digital literacy level and increase the proportion of renewable energy application.
Community pharmacists’ roles in providing contraceptive services: views and experiences of adolescents in urban Khon Kaen, Northeast Thailand
Authors: Andajani Sari , Chanthasukh Sansanee , Fairbairn-Dunlop Peggy , Smith John F 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Adolescent pregnancy is a national public health priority in Thailand. While contraceptive methods are available to prevent adolescent pregnancy, Thai adolescent contraceptive usage is low. Community pharmacists are likely the first health professionals to contact adolescents engaged in unprotected sex and needing emergency contraception. However, there is limited research on Thai pharmacists’ roles in promoting sexual and reproductive health. This study examines Thai adolescents’ perspectives on community pharmacists’ roles in promoting contraceptives and preventing unwanted pregnancies.

Method
This qualitative study recruited 38 adolescents aged 15–19 from one vocational school and one secondary school in Khon Kaen, Thailand. Data were collected from focus group discussions and in-depth interviews and analysed using thematic analysis.

Key findings
Participants felt community pharmacists had potentially critical roles in promoting adolescent contraceptive use. Community pharmacists had relevant knowledge of effective contraceptive methods, the risks and benefits of each method, and the quality of different condoms available. Community pharmacists, at times, also provided emotional support to distressed adolescents who came to their store. However, participants reported pharmacists’ age, gender, and non-empathetic and judgemental attitudes could be barriers to adolescents’ ease of access to contraceptive services.

Conclusion
This study highlights the potentially crucial role community pharmacists could play in providing contraceptive information for adolescents. It suggests the need for changes in government policies and education and training of community pharmacists to enhance their soft skills – empathetic and non-judgemental attitudes – and their roles in delivering youth-friendly sexual and reproductive health services.
pyPheWAS Explorer: a visualization tool for exploratory analysis of phenome-disease associations
Authors: Kerley Cailey I , Nguyen Tin Q , Ramadass Karthik , Cutting Laurie E , Landman Bennett A , Berger Matthew 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo enable interactive visualization of phenome-wide association studies (PheWAS) on electronic health records (EHR).Materials and MethodsCurrent PheWAS technologies require familiarity with command-line interfaces and lack end-to-end data visualizations. pyPheWAS Explorer allows users to examine group variables, test assumptions, design PheWAS models, and evaluate results in a streamlined graphical interface.ResultsA cohort of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) subjects and matched non-ADHD controls is examined. pyPheWAS Explorer is used to build a PheWAS model including sex and deprivation index as covariates, and the Explorer’s result visualization for this model reveals known ADHD comorbidities.DiscussionpyPheWAS Explorer may be used to rapidly investigate potentially novel EHR associations. Broader applications include deployment for clinical experts and preliminary exploration tools for institutional EHR repositories.ConclusionpyPheWAS Explorer provides a seamless graphical interface for designing, executing, and analyzing PheWAS experiments, emphasizing exploratory analysis of regression types and covariate selection.
Clinical and serological correlation of systemic sclerosis in Moroccan patients
Authors: Ouazahrou Kaoutar , El Bakkouri Jalila , Souali Manal , Jeddane Leila , Mokhantar Khaoula , Errami Abderrahmane , El Kabli Hassan , Bousfiha Ahmed Aziz , Echchilali Khadija 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objective
SSc is a CTD characterized by excessive fibrosis of the skin and internal organs, along with microvascular damage, and is often associated with typical autoantibodies. The aim of this study was to analyse the correlation between specific autoantibody profiles, clinical and paraclinical features in Moroccan patients with SSc.

Methods
We analysed the presence of specific autoantibodies in 46 SSc patients using IIF on HEp-2 cells and immunodot. We then correlated the types of autoantibodies with clinical and laboratory manifestations.

Results
Among our patients, 86.9% were females. The mean age of patients at diagnosis was 50.21 years, with an average delay to diagnosis of 5 years. The main clinical manifestations found were RP (89.2%), sclerodactyly (84.8%), proximal scleroderma (67.4%), gastrointestinal involvement (50%) and interstitial lung disease (30.4%). According to the specific autoantibody profile, 14 patients were anti-topo I positive (30.4%), 8 anti-RNP (68 kDa/A/C) positive (17.4%) and 6 anti-RNA polymerase III positive (13%). We found a significant association of anti-RNA polymerase III with sclerodactyly and pulmonary arterial hypertension (P &lt; 0.05). We also found an association between anti-topo I and interstitial lung disease in 30.4% of patients. There was no significant association between the positivity for the autoantibodies and other diagnosed clinical manifestations.

Conclusion
Some clinical manifestations of SSc might be positively correlated with the presence of specific autoantibodies. Environmental factors, ethnicity and gene interaction might also influence this correlation.
Idiosyncratic Volatility, Growth Options, and the Cross-Section of Returns
Authors: Barinov Alexander , Chabakauri Georgy 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The value effect and the idiosyncratic volatility (IVol) discount arise because growth firms and high IVol firms beat the CAPM during periods of increasing aggregate volatility (market volatility and average IVol), that makes their risk low. All else equal, growth options’ value increases with volatility, an effect that is stronger for high IVol firms, for which growth options take a larger fraction of the firm value and firm volatility responds more to aggregate volatility changes. The factor model with the market factor, the market volatility risk factor, and the average IVol factor explains the value effect and the IVol discount.
Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.
Recombinant humanized collagen remodels endometrial immune microenvironment of chronic endometritis through macrophage immunomodulation
Authors: You Shuang , Zhu Yun , Li Hu , He Fan , Liu Shuaibin , Yang Xia , Wang Li , Zeng Hui , Dai Jingcong , Hu Lina 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Recently, evidence has suggested that chronic endometritis (CE) is a crucial factor associated with infertility and failure of assisted reproductive techniques, prompting concern in the reproductive field. Studies have shown that persistent infiltered immune cells stimulation result in the disturbance of endometrial immune microenvironment could lead to the infertility of CE patients finally. Conventional treatments are limited because they lack immune regulation, so it is urgent to develop a novel approach to treat CE and promote embryo implantation in patients with CE. Herein, we prepared recombinant humanized type III collagen (rhCol III) with high cell adhesion activity to regulate macrophages and repair the endometrium. In this study, M1 macrophages and M1 macrophages cultured medium and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) co-stimulated inflammatory endometrium stromal cells (ESCs) were established in vitro to mimic CE condition. rhCol III promoted M1 macrophages toward M2 phenotype, improved cell migration, viability and collagen components of inflammatory ESCs. Also, the inflammatory response of inflammatory ESCs was downregulated after rhCol III treatment. Subsequently, LPS was used for CE rat model and a 28-day observation was performed; inflammatory cells’ infiltration, endometrium repair, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and pregnancy outcomes were promoted after rhCol III endometrial infusion. In conclusion, rhCol III promoted (i) macrophage polarization toward M2 macrophages, (ii) pro-inflammatory cytokine production and anti-inflammatory cytokine reduction, (iii) ECM remodeling and (iv) fertility restoration. Meanwhile, rhCol III enhanced cell biological functions by interacting with discoidin domain receptors, regulated cell metabolism and reduced the inflammatory response through the inhibition of the NF-κB/YAP signaling pathway. Overall, the results illustrated the potential therapeutic prospects of rhCol III for CE treatment.
Process evaluation of Dulce Digital-Me: an adaptive mobile health (mHealth) intervention for underserved Hispanics with diabetes
Authors: Spierling Bagsic Samantha R , Savin Kimberly L , Soriano Emily C , San Diego Emily Rose N , Orendain Natalia , Clark Taylor , Sandoval Haley , Chichmarenko Mariya , Perez-Ramirez Perla , Farcas Emilia , Godino Job , Gallo Linda C , Philis-Tsimikas Athena , Fortmann Addie L 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Type 2 diabetes disproportionately impacts ethnic minorities and individuals from low socioeconomic status. Diabetes self-management education and support has been shown to improve clinical outcomes in these populations, and mobile health (mHealth) interventions can reduce barriers to access. Dulce Digital-Me (DD-Me) was developed to integrate adaptive mHealth technologies to enhance self-management and reduce disparities in the high-risk, underserved Hispanic population. The objective of the present study was to evaluate reach, adoption, and implementation of an mHealth diabetes self-management education and support intervention in this underrepresented population. The present analysis is a multimethod process evaluation using the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework. The study was effective in reaching a sample that was representative of the intended population; only modest but significant differences were observed in sex and age. The DD-Me health coach (HC) cited several important facilitators of intervention adoption, including outreach frequency and personalization, and the automated HC report. Implementation fidelity was high, with participants receiving &gt;90% of intended interventions. Participants who received DD-Me with support from a HC were most engaged, suggesting utility and acceptability of integrating HCs with mHealth interventions. Perceptions of implementation among study participants were positive and consistent across study arms. This evaluation revealed the target population was successfully reached and engaged in the digital health interventions, which was implemented with high fidelity. Further studies should evaluate the efficacy and maintenance of the study following the RE-AIM model to determine whether this intervention warrants expansion to additional settings and populations.