bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management of Infective Endocarditis in Adults
Authors: McDonald Emily G. , Aggrey Gloria , Aslan Abdullah Tarık , Casias Michael , Cortes-Penfield Nicolas , Dong Mei Qin (Denise) , Egbert Susan , Footer Brent , Isler Burcu , King Madeline , Maximos Mira , Wuerz Terence C. , Azim Ahmed Abdul , Alza-Arcila Jhongert , Bai Anthony D. , Blyth Michelle , Boyles Tom , Caceres Juan , Clark Devin , Davar Kusha , Denholm Justin T. , Forrest Graeme , Ghanem Bassam , Hagel Stefan , Hanretty Alexandra , Hamilton Fergus , Jent Philipp , Kang Minji , Kludjian Geena , Lahey Tim , Lapin Jonathan , Lee Rachael , Li Timothy , Mehta Dhara , Moore Jessica , Mowrer Clayton , Ouellet Georges , Reece Rebecca , Ryder Jonathan H. , Sanctuaire Alexandre , Sanders James M. , Stoner Bobbi Jo , So Jessica M. , Tessier Jean-François , Tirupathi Raghavendra , Tong Steven Y. C. , Wald-Dickler Noah , Yassin Arsheena , Yen Christina , Spellberg Brad , Lee Todd C. 
Published: July 2023

ImportancePractice guidelines often provide recommendations in which the strength of the recommendation is dissociated from the quality of the evidence.ObjectiveTo create a clinical guideline for the diagnosis and management of adult bacterial infective endocarditis (IE) that addresses the gap between the evidence and recommendation strength.Evidence ReviewThis consensus statement and systematic review applied an approach previously established by the WikiGuidelines Group to construct collaborative clinical guidelines. In April 2022 a call to new and existing members was released electronically (social media and email) for the next WikiGuidelines topic, and subsequently, topics and questions related to the diagnosis and management of adult bacterial IE were crowdsourced and prioritized by vote. For each topic, PubMed literature searches were conducted including all years and languages. Evidence was reported according to the WikiGuidelines charter: clear recommendations were established only when reproducible, prospective, controlled studies provided hypothesis-confirming evidence. In the absence of such data, clinical reviews were crafted discussing the risks and benefits of different approaches.FindingsA total of 51 members from 10 countries reviewed 587 articles and submitted information relevant to 4 sections: establishing the diagnosis of IE (9 questions); multidisciplinary IE teams (1 question); prophylaxis (2 questions); and treatment (5 questions). Of 17 unique questions, a clear recommendation could only be provided for 1 question: 3 randomized clinical trials have established that oral transitional therapy is at least as effective as intravenous (IV)–only therapy for the treatment of IE. Clinical reviews were generated for the remaining questions.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this consensus statement that applied the WikiGuideline method for clinical guideline development, oral transitional therapy was at least as effective as IV-only therapy for the treatment of IE. Several randomized clinical trials are underway to inform other areas of practice, and further research is needed.
Outcomes and Treatment Approaches for Super-Refractory Status Epilepticus
Authors: Cornwall Camilla Dyremose , Krøigård Thomas , Kristensen Joachim Sejr Skovbo , Callesen Henriette Edemann , Beier Christoph Patrick 
Published: July 2023

ImportanceSuper-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE) is defined as status epilepticus (SE) that continues or recurs 24 hours or more after the onset of anesthetic therapy or recurs on the reduction/withdrawal of anesthesia. Current clinical knowledge of the disease and optimal treatment approach is sparse.ObjectiveTo systematically assess clinical characteristics, causes, outcomes, prognostic factors, and treatment approaches for patients with SRSE.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, all studies reporting adult patients (18 years or older) diagnosed with nonanoxic SRSE were considered for inclusion, irrespective of study design. The databases used were MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and ClinicalTrials.org (database inception through May 5, 2022).Data extraction and synthesisThe study complied with the PRISMA guidelines for reporting, data extraction, and data synthesis. Different tools were used to assess risk of bias. All available data were extracted and missing data were neither imputed nor completed by contacting the study authors.Main outcome and measuresSuccessful treatment of SRSE, in-hospital mortality, and disability at discharge (estimated modified Rankin Scale).ResultsThe study team identified a total of 95 articles and 30 conference abstracts reporting 1200 patients with nonanoxic SRSE (266 individual patients were available for meta-analysis). They had a mean SRSE duration of 36.3 days, mean age of 40.8 years, and equal sex distribution. Patients with SRSE had a distinct pattern of etiologies where acute cerebral events and unknown etiologies accounted for 41.6% and 22.3% of all etiologies, respectively. Reports of SRSE caused by, eg, alcohol, drugs, or tumors were rare. At discharge, only 26.8% had none to slight disability (none, 16 [8.4%]; nonsignificant and slight disability, 35 [18.4%]). In-hospital mortality was 24.1%. Mortality stabilized after long-term treatment (more than 28 days) but with increased rates of seizure cessation and moderate to severe disability. Established prognostic factors, such as age and etiology, were not associated with in-hospital mortality. Reported treatment with ketamine, phenobarbital, other barbiturates, vagus nerve stimulator, and ketogenic diet were not associated with outcome.Conclusion and RelevancePatients with SRSE are distinct due to their pattern of care (eg, long-term treatment to younger patients without negative prognostic factors and unknown/nonmalignant etiologies) and their natural course of SE. Very long-term treatment was associated with lower mortality and high odds of cessation of SRSE but increased risk of moderate to severe disability.
Effectiveness of a support program for balancing treatment and work in small and medium-sized enterprises promoted by occupational health nurse using a web meeting system: A cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Abe Hitomi , Nishikido Noriko 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objectives
In this study, we conducted a cluster randomized controlled trial to verify the effectiveness of a treatment work balance support (TWBS) program promoted by occupational health nurses (OHNs) in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) using a web meeting system.

Methods
We analyzed data from 64 managers (32 each in the control and intervention groups) and 541 workers (246 and 295 in the control and intervention groups, respectively) from 22 SMEs (11 in each group) with less than 200 workers. The TWBS program comprised online consultations for managers and seminars for workers by an OHN. TWBS leaflets were distributed among both groups. The “Recognition and Attitude Scale toward TWBS” was administered and workplace climate, psychological safety (PS), and work engagement (WE) scores were measured at baseline and endpoint. The increase in scores of each group was analyzed using a linear mixed-effects model.

Results
Increases in managers’ scores on all three recognition and attitude subscales were significantly greater in the intervention than in the control group (P = .048, .003, and .032, respectively). Workers’ score increases were significantly higher on two subscales—recognition of workplace initiatives and understanding of professionals’ roles—in the intervention than in the control group (P = .043 and .001, respectively). There was no difference between the two groups in the amount of increase in PS and WE, as perceived by managers and workers.

Conclusions
The TWBS program promoted by OHN increased recognition and attitude among SME managers and workers, indicating the usability of promoting TWBS in SMEs.
Accuracy of Financial Disclosures in US‐Based Rheumatology Journals
Authors: Guan Mary L. , Pillinger Michael H. , Abeles Aryeh M. 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveTransparency of disclosure in publication is necessary for readers to be aware of any potential conflicts of interest (PCOIs). Past studies of accuracy of disclosure in rheumatology journals have focused exclusively on clinical practice guidelines and not research works. We assessed discrepancy in reporting PCOIs in clinically oriented manuscripts published in the three top‐ranked (by impact factor) US‐based general rheumatology journals.MethodsWe reviewed disclosures provided by first, second, and last authors of 50 published clinically oriented articles in each of the three top‐ranked general US rheumatology journals. For each author, we extracted payment reports from the Open Payments Database (OPD) related to consulting fees, honoraria, and speaker or faculty compensation. We defined a PCOI as a payment received from a company with an ongoing clinical trial or a medication on the market related to the manuscript's subject matter within the 36 months before the online publication date. We additionally analyzed each author individually to determine whether their reported disclosures matched PCOIs from the OPD.ResultsOf 150 articles analyzed, 101 included authors with PCOIs. Ninety‐two of these 101 publications (92%) contained inaccurate (non‐ or under‐) disclosures. Among 135 authors with PCOIs, 118 reported inaccurately (87%). All 14 articles that published clinical trial results (and all 23 of their qualifying authors) had disclosure inaccuracies.ConclusionInaccurate financial disclosure by authors remains an issue in clinically oriented research studies reported in top rheumatology journals. Improved community education and firmer expectations would permit readers to better assess any possible impact of PCOIs on publications.
Shooting Three Birds with One Stone: The Regulation of Zn2+, H2O, and OH Kinetics for Stable Zn‐Metal Anodes with a Multifunctional Sieve
Authors: Zhang Hui , Wu Yongjian , Yu Jing , Jiang Tongtong , Wu Mingzai 
Published: July 2023

AbstractZn‐metal anode for Zn ion battery (ZIB) suffers from multiple catastrophic issues (severe corrosion reaction, concomitant hydrogen evolution, and dendrite growth) that are always intricate and are inevitably interactional, setting up critical obstacle for application of ZIB. Herein, a multifunctional sieve (MS) consisting of inorganic nanolayers and organic molecule layers is proposed to solve these issues synchronously based on its trifunctional roles (accelerating Zn2+, repelling H2O, and binding OH). As a prototype, porous nano‐architecture MS composed of steric acid molecule layer and TiO2 nanosheets (derived from MXene) (SA@TiO2‐MS) is deliberately created on the surface of zinc anodes (Zn@SA@TiO2‐MS) employing in situ self‐assembly strategy. Theoretical calculations together with proof‐of‐experiment prove that SA@TiO2‐MS can alleviate the growth of Zn dendrites, mitigate hydrogen evolution, relieve corrosion reaction, via the acceleration of the Zn2+ diffusion, the repelling of H2O with hydrophobic SA layer, as well as the bonding of OH with TiO2 layer. As a result, Zn@SA@TiO2‐MS||Zn@SA@TiO2‐MS symmetric cell achieves a lifespan up to 1100 h at 5 mA cm−2. In addition, the full‐cell by pairing carbon‐cloth@MnO2 with Zn@SA@TiO2‐MS delivered capacity retention of 70.3% after 2000 cycles. This work proposes fundamentally a more comprehensive approach to balance the issues faced by Zn‐metal anode.
Exploring Multifunctionality in MgO‐Based Magnetic Tunnel Junctions with Coexisting Magnetoresistance and Memristive Properties
Authors: Schulman Alejandro , Paz Elvira , Böhnert Tim , Jenkins Alex Steven , Ferreira Ricardo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMagnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) and memristors are two key emerging nanotechnologies that attracted significant interest for potential applications at the forefront of the digital revolution, including sensing, data storage, and non‐conventional computation. The co‐integration of these phenomena into a single multifunctional device is an important step toward harnessing the re‐programmability of memristive systems with the high yield and varied functionality of MTJs. This study demonstrates the co‐existence of magnetoresistance and memristive properties on MgO‐based MTJs. These devices show a magnetoresistance with a linear response as a function of a magnetic field and no hysteresis, which are the requirements for good magnetic field sensors, as well as demonstrating a non‐volatile and quasi‐analogue memristive behavior as a function of an applied electrical field down to nanosecond pulses. Furthermore, by doping the oxide barrier, the memristive power consumption is lowered by 20% giving the multi‐functionality of the devices a promising scalability potential. This study also shows that, memristive switching can be reversibly used to completely suppress and recover the spintronic functionalities. These results can pave the way for a seamless co‐integration of memristors and spintronic devices in complex reprogrammable circuits addressing applications such as reprogrammable multifunctional field sensor arrays and neuromorphic computing.
4D Additive–Subtractive Manufacturing of Shape Memory Ceramics
Authors: Liu Guo , Zhang Xiaofeng , Lu Xinya , Zhao Yan , Zhou Zhifeng , Xu Jingjun , Yin Jianan , Tang Tao , Wang Peiyu , Yi Shenghui , Fan Jiafeng , Zhuo Xueshi , Chan Yu Hin , Wong Wui Leung , Bian Haidong , Zuo Jun , Dai Yu , Wu Jian , Lu Jian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe development of high‐temperature structural materials, such as ceramics, is limited by their extremely high melting points and the difficulty in building complicated architectures. Four‐dimensional (4D) printing helps enhance the geometrical flexibility of ceramics. However, ceramic 4D printing systems are limited by the separate processes for shape and material transformations, low accuracy of morphing systems, low resolution of ceramic structures, and their time‐intensive nature. Here, a paradigm for a one‐step shape/material transformation, high‐2D/3D/4D‐precision, high‐efficiency, and scalable 4D additive–subtractive manufacturing of shape memory ceramics is developed. Original/reverse and global/local multimode shape memory capabilities are achieved using macroscale SiOC‐based ceramic materials. The uniformly deposited Al2O3‐rich layer on the printed SiOC‐based ceramic lattice structures results in an unusually high flame ablation performance of the complex‐shaped ceramics. The proposed framework is expected to broaden the applications of high‐temperature structural materials in the aerospace, electronics, biomedical, and art fields.
A Breakthrough in Solution‐Processed Ultra‐Deep‐Blue HLCT OLEDs: A Record External Quantum Efficiency Exceeding 10% Based on Novel V‐Shaped Emitters
Authors: Liao Chuanxin , Chen Bo , Xie Qi , Li Xianggao , Liu Hongli , Wang Shirong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIt is always a great challenge to achieve high‐efficiency solution‐processed ultra‐deep‐blue organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) with the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) 1931 chromaticity coordinates matching the blue primary of Rec. International Telecommunication Union‐Radiocommunication BT.2100, which specifies high dynamic range television image parameters. Inspired by hybrid local and charge transfer (HLCT) excited state emitters improving exciton utilization through high‐lying reverse intersystem crossing, here, a series of high‐performance blue emitters by a V‐shaped symmetric donor (D)–π–acceptor (A)–π–D design strategy are developed. Here, the large torsions and unstable bonds of D–A structures can be improved through π bridges, and also the conjugation length and donor groups can be easily adjusted. The obtained emitters merit excellent photophysical and electrochemical properties, thermal stability, solution processibility, and HLCT excited state excellence. Results suggest that the OLEDs based on the obtained blue emitters all achieve high maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax) of more than 8% with very low efficiency roll‐off. In particular, the device based on 4ʹ,5ʹ‐bis(4‐(9H‐carbazol‐9‐yl)phenyl)spiro[fluorene‐9,2ʹ‐imidazole] exhibits a satisfactory ultra‐deep‐blue emission (CIEx,y = 0.1579, 0.0387) and a record‐high EQEmax (10.40%) among solution‐processed HLCT OLEDs, which is very close to the record EQEmax of devices by vacuum vapor deposition technology.
Embedded Host/Guest Alloy Aggregations Enable High‐Performance Ternary Organic Photovoltaics
Authors: Wang Xiaoning , Wang Jianxiao , Wang Pengchao , Han Chenyu , Bi Fuzhen , Wang Junjie , Zheng Nan , Sun Cheng , Li Yonghai , Bao Xichang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe ternary strategy has been intensively studied to improve the power conversion efficiencies of organic photovoltaics. Thereinto, the location of the guest component plays a critical role, but few reports have been devoted to this concern. Hereon, the distribution of LA1 as a guest acceptor in a variety of ternary scenarios is reported and the dominating driving forces of managing the guest distribution and operating modes are outlined. Governed by the appropriate relationship of compatibility, crystallinity, and surface energies between host and guest acceptors, as well as interfacial interactions between donor and dual acceptors, most of the LA1 molecules permeate into the internal of host acceptor phases, forming embedded host/guest alloy‐like aggregations. The characteristic distributions greatly optimize the morphologies, maximize energy transfer, and enhance exciton/charge behaviors. Particularly, PM6:IT‐4F:LA1 ternary cells afford high efficiency of 15.27% with impressive fill factors (FF) over 81%. The popularization studies further verify the superiority of the LA1‐involved alloy structures, and with the Y6‐family acceptor as the host component, an outstanding efficiency of 19.17% is received. The results highlight the importance of guest distribution in ternary systems and shed light on the governing factors of distributing the guests in ternary cells.
Achiral Fluorinated Aromatic Ligands Based Chiral Hybrid Antimony Halides with High‐Efficiency Second‐Harmonic Generation
Authors: Ge Fei , Cheng Puxin , Li Quanwen , Xu Jialiang , Bu Xian‐He 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHybrid organic−inorganic metal halides (HOMHs) have emerged as an ideal platform for the construction of semiconductor materials with promising optoelectronic properties. A number of HOMHs based on different metals including Sb3+ have been demonstrated with second‐harmonic generation (SHG) properties, but their nonlinear optical (NLO) performances including effective conversion wavelength range, optical stability, and NLO coefficients are not yet satisfactory. Here, by adopting a molecular design involving fluorine‐substitution on the achiral organic ammonium, this work has synthesized single crystals of two new chiral noncentrosymmetric HOMHs, (2‐FPEA)2SbX5 (X = Cl and Br), with large polarization ratios and outstanding optical transparency. The second‐order NLO coefficients of (2‐FPEA)2SbCl5 and (2‐FPEA)2SbBr5 are determined to be ≈24.3 and 21.6 pm V−1. Significantly, the Sb3+‐based HOMHs enable very high thermal stability and laser resistance. The distinguished laser‐induced damage thresholds (LDTs) have been estimated to be as high as 3.44 mJ cm−2 for (2‐FPEA)2SbCl5 and 3.32 mJ cm−2 for (2‐FPEA)2SbBr5, higher than that of the reported HOMHs. Such a highly efficient SHG performance and stability indicate the promising future of these Sb3+‐based metal halides for nonlinear photonic applications.
Optical Binding of Metal Nanoparticles Self‐Reinforced by Plasmonic Surface Lattice Resonances
Authors: Qi Tailei , Nan Fan , Yan Zijie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOptical binding of metal nanoparticles (NPs) provides a promising way to create tunable photonic materials and devices, where the ultrastrong interparticle interaction is generally attributed to the localized surface plasmon resonances of NPs. Here, it is revealed that the optical binding of metal NPs can be self‐reinforced by the plasmonic surface lattice resonances (PSLRs) associated with the discrete NP arrays. Through simulations and experiments, it is demonstrated that PSLRs can spontaneously arise in optically bound gold NP chains with just a few NPs when they are relatively large, e.g., 150 nm in diameter. Additionally, the PSLRs are enhanced by increasing the chain length, leading to stronger optical binding stiffness. These results reveal a previously unidentified factor that contributes to the ultrastrong optical binding of metal NPs. More importantly, this study presents a prospect for building freestanding and reconfigurable NP arrays that naturally support PLSRs for sensing and other applications.
Fracture Resistance Biomechanisms of Walnut Shell with High‐Strength and Toughening
Authors: Wang Lizhen , Xu Peng , Yin Huan , Yue Yanxian , Kang Wei , Liu Jinglong , Fan Yubo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWalnut shell is lightweight material with high‐strength and toughening characteristics, but it is different from other nut shells’ microstructure with two or three short sclerotic cell layers and long bundle fibers. It is essential to explore the fracture resistance biomechanism of lightweight walnut shell and how to prevent damage of bionic structure. In this study, it is found that the asymmetric mass center and geometric center dissipated impact energy to the whole shell without loading concentration in the loading area. Diaphragma juglandis is a special structure improved walnut shell's toughening. The S‐shape gradient porosity/elastic modulus distribution combined with pits on single auxetic sclerotic cells requires higher energy to crack expansion, then decreases its fracture behavior. These fantastic findings inspire to design fracture resistance devices including helmets, armor, automobile anti‐collision beams, and re‐entry capsule in spacecraft.
Anisotropic Electronic Structure of the 2D Electron Gas at the AlOx/KTaO3(110) Interface
Authors: Martínez Emanuel A. , Dai Ji , Tallarida Massimo , Nemes Norbert M. , Bruno Flavio Y. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOxide‐based 2D electron gases (2DEGs) have generated significant interest due to their potential for discovering novel physical properties. Among these, 2DEGs formed in KTaO3 stand out due to the recently discovered crystal face‐dependent superconductivity and large Rashba splitting, both of which hold potential for future oxide electronics devices. In this work, angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy is used to study the electronic structure of the 2DEG formed at the (110) surface of KTaO3 after deposition of a thin Al layer. The experiments reveal a remarkable anisotropy in the orbital character of the electron‐like dispersive bands, which form a Fermi surface consisting of two elliptical contours with their major axes perpendicular to each other. The measured electronic structure is used to constrain the modeling parameters of self‐consistent tight‐binding slab calculations of the band structure. In these calculations, an anisotropic Rashba splitting is found with a value as large as 4 meV at the Fermi level along the [−110] crystallographic direction. This large unconventional and anisotropic Rashba splitting is rationalized based on the orbital angular momentum formulation. These findings provide insights into the interpretation of spin‐orbitronics experiments and help to constrain models for superconductivity in the KTO(110)‐2DEG system.