bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In-Season Resisted-Jump Training Enables Power, Agility, and Jump-Ability Maintenance in University-Level Male Rugby Players
Authors: Oosthuizen Cobus , Kramer Mark 
Published: August 2023

Purpose: To determine the effects and transferability of a resisted-jump training program on strength, speed, power, and agility maintenance during the in-season phase of rugby training. Methods: Thirty high-level male rugby players (age: 21.78 [1.86] y; height: 1.83 [0.10] m; mass: 95.17 [10.45] kg) participated in a crossover, within-subject study design. Participants were randomly assigned to treatment groups (resistance band [VertiMax, VM] or control [Con]) and evaluated on jumping, sprinting, agility, and strength over a 4-week period. A 10-week wash-out period was initiated, followed by a crossover that incorporated randomization of the treatment sequence (ie, receiving VM during the first or second phase of the testing period). Within- and between-groups differences for each variable of interest were evaluated using a linear mixed-effects model. Results: No significant treatment (VM vs Con) or time (pre vs postintervention) effects were evident across all variables (all P > .197), although the order or treatment allocation may play a role for strength (P = .037) and jumping (P = .003). Power, agility, and countermovement-jump height were statistically equivalent for the intervention period. Following the VM treatment, changes in strength seem to transfer favorably to changes in agility (r = −.54, P < .05) but no other variables, and no significant associations were evident for the Con treatment. Conclusion: Regardless of treatment, power, agility, and jump height were conserved throughout the treatment period. Although changes in mean sprint and strength were not significantly different from zero, it was not possible to conclude whether performance decrements could be eliminated.
Reconstructing past disturbance in coral communities using U-Th dating of dead coral skeletons
Authors: Clark Tara R. , Roff George , Chapman Tess , Markham-Summers Hannah , Hammerman Nicholas M. , Liu Faye , Feng Yuexing , Pandolfi John M. , Zhao Jian-xin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In the absence of detailed broad-scale studies, both spatially and temporally, the overall status (disturbed, recovering, or in decline) of many of the reefs that make up the Great Barrier Reef remains uncertain. Moreover, of the numerous and varied threats, their relative role in impacting individual reefs is generally unclear. Here, we adopt a novel approach to reliably reconstruct historical disturbance events at Rib and Davies Reefs, two mid-shelf reefs, using uranium-thorium (U-Th) dating of dead corals. Corrected 230Th ages obtained from dead Acropora spp. bracket time periods of lowest coral cover observed during independent ecological surveys in the late 1980s and 2000s at 1988.2 ± 1.3 and 2003.9 ± 6.2 CE, shortly after the arrival of crown-of-thorns starfish (CoTS) at Rib Reef in 1983–1985 and 2000–2002, respectively. At Davies Reef, 230Th ages dated to 1999.2 ± 1.2 CE when coral cover was halved as a result of Cyclone Tessi and an “unknown” disturbance in 2000–2001. Prior to modern surveys, there is remarkable overlap in 230Th ages between reefs, with repeated peaks in the age distribution having a return period of ~10–15 years, akin to the periodicity of modern CoTS outbreaks. Our findings suggest that U-Th dating of dead corals can provide a robust foundation for understanding disturbance history and show promise in contributing to the effective monitoring of coral communities by providing a reliable benchmark with which to assess recovery.
Trajectories of cognitive processing speed and physical disability over 11 years following initiation of a first multiple sclerosis disease-modulating therapy
Authors: Longinetti Elisa , Englund Simon , Burman Joachim , Fink Katharina , Fogdell-Hahn Anna , Gunnarsson Martin , Hillert Jan , Langer-Gould Annette Magdalene , Lycke Jan , Nilsson Petra , Salzer Jonatan , Svenningsson Anders , Mellergård Johan , Olsson Tomas , Piehl Fredrik , Frisell Thomas 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundWe analysed the COMparison Between All immunoTherapies for Multiple Sclerosis (NCT03193866), a Swedish nationwide observational study in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), to identify trajectories of processing speed and physical disability after disease-modulating therapy (DMT) start.MethodsUsing a group-modelling approach, we assessed trajectories of processing speed with oral Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) and physical disability with Expanded Disability Status Scale, from first DMT start among 1645 patients with RRMS followed during 2011–2022. We investigated predictors of trajectories using group membership as a multinomial outcome and calculated conditional probabilities linking membership across the trajectories.ResultsWe identified 5 stable trajectories of processing speed: low SDMT scores (mean starting values=29.9; 5.4% of population), low/medium (44.3; 25.3%), medium (52.6; 37.9%), medium/high (63.1; 25.8%) and high (72.4; 5.6%). We identified 3 physical disability trajectories: no disability/stable (0.8; 26.8%), minimal disability/stable (1.6; 58.1%) and moderate disability (3.2; 15.1%), which increased to severe disability. Older patients starting interferons were more likely than younger patients starting rituximab to be on low processing speed trajectories. Older patients starting teriflunomide, with more than one comorbidity, and a history of pain treatment were more likely to belong to the moderate/severe physical disability trajectory, relative to the no disability one. There was a strong association between processing speed and physical disability trajectories.ConclusionsIn this cohort of actively treated RRMS, patients’ processing speed remained stable over the years following DMT start, whereas patients with moderate physical disability deteriorated in physical function. Nevertheless, there was a strong link between processing speed and disability after DMT start.
Higgs–Higgs scattering and the (non-)existence of the Higgsonium
Authors: Shastry Vanamali , Giacosa Francesco 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe study the Higgs–Higgs scattering process and the possible emergence of a Higgs–Higgs bound state (Higgsonium) in any Higgs potential with the vacuum expectation value and second derivative matching the corresponding values from the Standard Model (SM). From the tree-level Higgs–Higgs scattering amplitude, we construct the unitarized amplitude using two different unitarization schemes (the well-known on-shell and N/D methods). We reproduce the known result that there is no Higgsonium state in the SM and, in addition, we determine the S-, D-, and G-wave SM scattering lengths, both at tree-level and upon unitarization. In doing so, we refine previous results by checking the convergence of the N/D approach. Next, we extend the calculation for non-SM potentials and investigate under which conditions a formation of a bound state close to the Higgs–Higgs threshold is possible. In this way, the assumption that no Higgsonium exist, imposes certain bounds on the values of the self-interaction parameters that complement those imposed by the vacuum stability condition.
Recognizing different types of ocean plate stratigraphy in the southeastern South Qilian Accretionary Belt, northeastern Tibet Plateau
Authors: Tao Lu , Zhang Hongfei , Gao Zhong , Lu Zhuo , Yang He , Zhang Liqi 
Published: August 2023

Dissection of relicts of ocean plate stratigraphy (OPS) in orogens could provide important insights into oceanic evolution, orogenic formation and continental growth. Here we describe a study of petrology, geochronology, geochemistry and Sr–Nd isotopes for OPS in the South Qilian Accretionary Belt with the aim of providing new constraints on the evolution of the Proto-Tethys Ocean (PTO). Three types of OPS units were recognized by their differing petrological, geochemical and isotopic features. Type 1 OPS, representing relicts of ocean islands or seamounts, comprises ocean island basalt and gabbro (
t
= 525 ± 4 Ma, (
87
Sr/
86
Sr)
i
= 0.7035–0.7039 and

ε

Nd
(
t
) = +3.63 to +4.16) and (siliceous) carbonate rocks. Type 2 OPS, representing fragments of normal oceanic crust, consists of normal mid-ocean ridge basalt (N-MORB) and basaltic andesite ((
87
Sr/
86
Sr)
i
= 0.7059–0.7063 and

ε

Nd
(
t
) = +6.33 to +7.44), chert and siliceous mudstone. Type 3 OPS could be oceanic plateau-derived and comprises enriched (E)-MORB and dolerite ((
87
Sr/
86
Sr)
i
= 0.7051–0.7064 and

ε

Nd
(
t
) = +4.81 to +6.24), carbonate–siliceous mudstone and carbonate rock. These OPS units witnessed evolution of the PTO. Using available studies on regional arc-type magmatism and U–Pb geochronological data for detrital zircon in this study, a model of ‘trench jam accompanying subduction flip induced by accretion of the OPS’ is put forward.

Supplementary material
: Zircon U–Pb data, whole-rock major and trace element data and a supplementary figure are available at
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.6764637

Thematic collection:
This article is part of the Ophiolites, melanges and blueschists collection available at:
https://www.lyellcollection.org/topic/collections/ophiolites-melanges-and-blueschists
SparkMaster 2: A New Software for Automatic Analysis of Calcium Spark Data
Authors: Tomek Jakub , Nieves-Cintron Madeline , Navedo Manuel F. , Ko Christopher Y. , Bers Donald M. 
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:
Calcium (Ca) sparks are elementary units of subcellular Ca release in cardiomyocytes and other cells. Accordingly, Ca spark imaging is an essential tool for understanding the physiology and pathophysiology of Ca handling and is used to identify new drugs targeting Ca-related cellular dysfunction (eg, cardiac arrhythmias). The large volumes of imaging data produced during such experiments require accurate and high-throughput analysis.

METHODS:
We developed a new software tool SparkMaster 2 (SM2) for the analysis of Ca sparks imaged by confocal line-scan microscopy, combining high accuracy, flexibility, and user-friendliness. SM2 is distributed as a stand-alone application requiring no installation. It can be controlled using a simple-to-use graphical user interface, or using Python scripting.

RESULTS:
SM2 is shown to have the following strengths: (1) high accuracy at identifying Ca release events, clearly outperforming previous highly successful software SparkMaster; (2) multiple types of Ca release events can be identified using SM2: Ca sparks, waves, miniwaves, and long sparks; (3) SM2 can accurately split and analyze individual sparks within spark clusters, a capability not handled adequately by prior tools. We demonstrate the practical utility of SM2 in two case studies, investigating how Ca levels affect spontaneous Ca release, and how large-scale release events may promote release refractoriness. SM2 is also useful in atrial and smooth muscle myocytes, across different imaging conditions.

CONCLUSIONS:
SparkMaster 2 is a new, much-improved user-friendly software for accurate high-throughput analysis of line-scan Ca spark imaging data. It is free, easy to use, and provides valuable built-in features to facilitate visualization, analysis, and interpretation of Ca spark data. It should enhance the quality and throughput of Ca spark and wave analysis across cell types, particularly in the study of arrhythmogenic Ca release events in cardiomyocytes.
Prehospital Triage of Intracranial Hemorrhage and Anterior Large‐Vessel Occlusion Ischemic Stroke: Value of the Rapid Arterial Occlusion Evaluation
Authors: Dekker Luuk , Geraedts Victor J. , Hubert Jeroen , Duijndam Dion , Durieux Marcel D.J. , Janssens Loes , Moojen Wouter A. , van Zwet Erik W. , Wermer Marieke J.H. , Kruyt Nyika D. , Wijngaard Ido R. van den 
Published: August 2023

Background
The Rapid Arterial oCclusion Evaluation (RACE) score can identify patients with anterior circulation large‐vessel occlusion (aLVO) ischemic stroke for transportation to a comprehensive stroke center for endovascular thrombectomy. However, patients with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) may also benefit from direct transportation to a comprehensive stroke center for neurosurgical treatment. We aimed to assess if the RACE score can distinguish patients with ICH in addition to aLVO stroke from other patients with suspected stroke.

Methods
We analyzed data from the LPSS (Leiden Prehospital Stroke Study), a multicenter, prospective, observational cohort study in 2 Dutch ambulance regions. Ambulance paramedics documented prehospital observations in all patients aged ≥18 years with suspected stroke. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of a positive RACE score (≥5 points) for a diagnosis of ICH or aLVO stroke, compared with patients with non‐aLVO stroke, transient ischemic attack, or stroke mimic. In addition, we performed a multivariable logistic regression analysis and calculated adjusted odds ratios (ORs).

Results

We included 2004 patients with a stroke code, of whom 149 had an ICH, 153 had an aLVO stroke, 687 had a non‐aLVO stroke, 262 had a transient ischemic attack, and 753 had a stroke mimic. Patients with ICH and aLVO stroke more often had a positive RACE score than other patients with suspected stroke (46.2% and 58.0%, respectively, versus 6.4%;
P
<0.01). A positive RACE score had a sensitivity of 52.7%, a specificity of 93.6%, a positive predictive value of 55.4%, and a negative predictive value of 92.9% for a diagnosis of ICH or aLVO stroke. In multivariable analysis, a positive RACE score had the strongest association with ICH or aLVO stroke (adjusted OR, 10.11 [95% CI, 6.84–14.93]).

Conclusions
Our study shows that the RACE score can also identify patients with ICH in addition to aLVO stroke. This emphasizes the potential of the RACE score for improving prehospital triage and allocation of patients with stroke.
Collective Resilience: Deterring China's Weaponization of
Economic Interdependence
Authors: Cha Victor D. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Since the 2010s, China has used economic coercion against Western and Asian states to achieve territorial and political goals. China's leveraging of its market is a form of “predatory liberalism” that weaponizes the networks of interdependence created by globalization. The United States and other like-minded partners have mostly used piecemeal “de-risking” measures such as decoupling, supply chain resilience, reshoring, and trade diversion to reduce dependence on China and thereby minimize vulnerability to its economic coercion. But these practices do not stop the Chinese government's economic bullying. “Collective resilience” is a peer competition strategy designed to deter the Xi Jinping regime's economic predation. What informs this strategy is the understanding that interdependence, even asymmetric interdependence, is a two-way street. Original trade data show that the previous and current targets of economic coercion by the Xi Jinping regime export over $46.6 billion worth of goods to China on which it is more than 70 percent dependent as a proportion of its total imports of those goods. These target states could band together in a collective resilience alliance and practice economic deterrence by promising to retaliate against China's high-dependence trade should Beijing act against any one of the alliance members.
Le culte de la déesse dardanienne, dea Dard(…), au cœur de la diplomatie divine de l’armée romaine
Authors: Hajdari Arben , Goddard Christophe J. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Tributes to the enigmatic dea Dard(…) show a typically Roman political and religious intention to show respect for a local deity, within the framework of the control of isolated but strategic areas in the heart of the Illyrian region and the province of Moesia Superior. These acts of piety reflect the desire on the part of the Roman authorities to carry out diplomatic action with the local population, particularly in the vicinity of the stationes, often away from the legions and officia of which they were a detachment. In any case, these dedications cannot be considered irrefutable proof of the resistance of a Dardanian identity to the Roman order. They do, of course, suggest that the cult of these local and enigmatic deities had survived in the heart of the province of Moesia Superior. The paradox lies in the fact that we know more about the existence of these local deities thanks to the tributes of Roman soldiers, even if their names remain unknown.
Inclusive Cultural and Religious Pluralism as an Indispensable Worldview for Peace in Africa
Authors: Iwuchukwu† Marinus Chijioke 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Historically Africa has accommodated multi-ethnic, multi-cultural, and multi-religious peoples. Hospitality is imbedded in the DNA of Africa especially in the sub-Saharan parts of the continent. Sadly armed conflicts and violence are becoming quintessential to the African nomenclature. As a result, suffering, poverty, refugees, and emigration are also becoming endemic to the continent. This article seeks to highlight the benefits of inclusive pluralism as the philosophic/theological worldview that would assist toward the healing of the conflicts and violence attendant to cultural and religious diversity in different parts of Africa. It will explore scriptural evidences of inclusive religious pluralism in Christianity and Islam as well as in African Traditional Religions beliefs and practices. It will call for a new orientation for Africans in dialogue on the mindset of inclusive pluralism to accommodate the plurality of religions and cultures that richly color the different parts of Africa.
The Social and Cultural Impact of Post-War Measures on the Zimunya and Bvumba Communities, Colonial Zimbabwe, 1940s–1970s
Authors: Ruguwa Mathew 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the social and cultural effects of post-war measures on Zimunya and Bvumba communities of colonial Zimbabwe (then known as Southern Rhodesia). Guided by a combination of primary and secondary sources, the article argues that dispossession and forced relocations of Africans who had continued staying on the so-called European land after the passing of the Land Apportionment Act (LAA) of 1930 became acute in the immediate years after the Second World War. The granting of vast tracts of land in the Zimunya community to veterans of World War II by the colonial government under the Ex-Servicemen Land Resettlement Scheme and the purchasing of land for a timber estate in Bvumba by the Rhodesian Wattle Company (RWC) in the immediate post-Second World War period dispossessed rural residents of their land and curtailed the growth and development of peasant agriculture. People affected were forcibly displaced to “native” reserves where they responded to challenges they faced by resorting to various coping mechanisms such as hunting, foraging, and, attending to riverine gardens.
Is There a Role for Domestic Law in the Interpretation of the European Convention on Human Rights?
Authors: Corcione Elena 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In the context of the European Convention on Human Rights, the doctrine of autonomous concepts seems to perfectly embody the dogma of the limited relevance of domestic law before international courts, since it postulates that classifications and qualifications in national laws have a relative value and may only constitute a starting point for the Court’s interpretation. Traditionally, domestic law is merely considered as part of the State conduct subject to the Court’s judicial review vis-à-vis conventional obligations. However, the purported independence of autonomous concepts from domestic law is far from absolute in practice, since the process of interpretation of autonomous concepts may contemplate consensus arguments, possibly leading to support or disincentivize autonomous interpretation. The article explores the weaknesses and strengths of this possible approach, which ultimately serves the purpose of avoiding the adoption of autonomous concepts completely detached from national legal systems and preventing criticism of illegitimate judicial law-making.
Drivers of Snowfall Accumulation in the Central Idaho Mountains Using Long-Term High-Resolution WRF Simulations
Authors: Warms Mikell , Friedrich Katja , Xue Lulin , Tessendorf Sarah , Ikeda Kyoko 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The western United States region, an economic and agricultural powerhouse, is highly dependent on winter snowpack from the mountain west. Coupled with increasing water and renewable electricity demands, the predictability and viability of snowpack resources in a changing climate are becoming increasingly important. In Idaho, specifically, up to 75% of the state’s electricity production comes from hydropower, which is dependent on the timing and volume of spring snowmelt. While we know that 1 April snowpack is declining from SNOTEL observations and is expected to continue to decline as indicated by GCM predictions, our ability to understand the variability of snowfall accumulation and distribution at the regional level is less robust. In this paper, we analyze snowfall events using 0.9-km-resolution WRF simulations to understand the variability of snowfall accumulation and distribution in the mountains of Idaho between 1 October 2016 and 31 April 2017. Various characteristics of snowfall events throughout the season are evaluated, including the spatial coverage, event durations, and snowfall rates, along with the relationship between cloud microphysical variables—particularly liquid and ice water content—on snowfall amounts. Our findings suggest that efficient snowfall conditions—for example, higher levels of elevated supercooled liquid water—can exist throughout the winter season but are more impactful when surface temperatures are near or below freezing. Inefficient snowfall events are common, exceeding 50% of the total snowfall events for the year, with some of those occurring in peak winter. For such events, glaciogenic cloud seeding could make a significant impact on snowpack development and viability in the region.

Significance Statement
The purpose and significance of this study is to better understand the variability of snowfall event accumulation and distribution in the Payette Mountains region of Idaho as it relates to the local topography, the drivers of snowfall events, the cloud microphysical properties, and what constitutes an efficient or inefficient snowfall event (i.e., its ability to convert atmospheric liquid water into snowfall). As part of this process, we identify how many snowfall events in a season are inefficient to determine the number of snowfall events in a season that are candidates for enhancement by glaciogenic cloud seeding.