bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between serum uric acid‐to‐high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Zhou Xinhe , Xu Jing 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTIntroductionPrevious studies have shown that the serum uric acid‐to‐high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (UHR) is related to metabolic syndrome. However, no existing study has examined the relationship between UHR and insulin resistance (IR). Therefore, this study aims to explore the association between the UHR and IR in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsPatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (1,532 males and 1,013 females) were enrolled. Insulin resistance was measured by homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) and was defined as HOMI‐IR ≥ 2.69. Pearson correlation, multiple logistic regression, ROC analysis, and subgroup analysis were used to evaluate the association between UHR and IR.ResultsUHR was associated with HOMA‐IR in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.274 in males and 0.337 in females, P < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that UHR was significantly correlated with insulin resistance (OR = 1.06, 95%CI = 1.03–1.08 in males and OR = 1.11, 95%CI = 1.08–1.15 in females). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of UHR (AUC = 0.665 for males and 0.717 for females, all P < 0.01) was the largest compared with that of UA and HDL‐C in insulin resistance. Subgroup analysis showed that there was a more significantly positive correlation among subjects with BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2, age < 60 years old, HbA1c < 7%, non‐hypertension, or in female subjects.ConclusionElevated UHR is significantly correlated with insulin resistance, which can be used as an indicator of insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Can oral diadochokinesis be used as an assessment tool of oral function in older adults requiring care in nursing home?
Authors: Konishi Masaru 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundOral diadochokinesis (OD) test is an articulation test that analyses fine movements of the lips, cheeks and tongue. It is difficult to perform the test accurately in older people with reduced physical and cognitive functions.ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the number of older adults who could not be tested for OD and to investigate their characteristics.MethodsThe participants included 145 older residents of an aged care nursing home. They were divided into two groups: those who could be tested for OD and those who could not, and their characteristics were compared. The degree of requiring long‐term care was classified into five levels. The degree of dementia was classified into five levels. Those having difficulty in performing daily activities alone and having degree III or higher dementia were considered to have severe dementia.ResultsThe participants included 41 men and 104 women with a median age of 89 years (range, 64–105 years). Sixty‐eight participants failed the OD test (46.9%). In univariate and multivariate analyses, degree of dementia and oral care (among other characteristics in univariate analysis) showed statistically significant differences between the two groups. Cut‐off values for older adults who could not perform OD test were level 4 or higher in need of care and degree III or higher in dementia.ConclusionThis study suggests that additional assessment tools for oral function should be considered for older adults requiring a nursing care level of 4 or higher and a dementia degree of III or higher.
Nonlocality, nonlinearity, and time inconsistency in stochastic differential games
Authors: Lei Qian , Pun Chi Seng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper studies the well‐posedness of a class of nonlocal fully nonlinear parabolic systems, which nest the equilibrium Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman (HJB) systems that characterize the time‐consistent Nash equilibrium point of a stochastic differential game (SDG) with time‐inconsistent (TIC) preferences. The nonlocality of the parabolic systems stems from the flow feature (controlled by an external temporal parameter) of the systems. This paper proves the existence and uniqueness results as well as the stability analysis for the solutions to such systems. We first obtain the results for the linear cases for an arbitrary time horizon and then extend them to the quasilinear and fully nonlinear cases under some suitable conditions. Two examples of TIC SDG are provided to illustrate financial applications with global solvability. Moreover, with the well‐posedness results, we establish a general multidimensional Feynman–Kac formula in the presence of nonlocality (time inconsistency).
Cost of migration and migratory timing in Western Australian humpback whales
Authors: Russell Grace , Cagnazzi Daniele , Colefax Andrew , Sprogis Kate R. , Christiansen Fredrik 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMigratory humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) cover the cost of reproduction in low‐latitude breeding grounds with stored energy accumulated from polar feeding grounds. The ability to accumulate sufficient energy reserves during feeding periods is vital for key life history stages during migration, including mating, calving, and lactation. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between migration timing and body condition of Western Australian humpback whales. We used unmanned aerial vehicles to measure body condition (residual of body volume vs. length) in 2017 and 2021. Morphometric measurements were obtained from 460 individuals (71 calves, 83 juveniles, 235 adults, and 71 lactating females) during the northbound (toward breeding grounds) and southbound (toward feeding grounds) migration between May and November. Body condition decreased by 23 and 13 percentage points for juveniles and adults, respectively. The body condition of juveniles was shown to be correlated with migration timing for their northern migration, with individuals in better body condition migrating to the breeding grounds earlier. While stored energy is vital for humpback whales to successfully complete their vast migration to‐and‐from breeding grounds, we found no evidence that body condition affects the migration timing for adults, lactating females, and calves.
‘They tried to evil me’: An explanatory model for Black Africans' mental health challenges
Authors: Tuffour Isaac 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper explores the explanatory models of mental challenges among Black Africans in England. It argues that understanding these models is critical for providing culturally appropriate care to this population. The study employed qualitative methodology, and interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Twelve mental health service users who are living in England and self‐identified as first or second‐generation Black Africans were purposively selected. The data were gathered using face‐to‐face semistructured interviews. Data were manually analysed in accordance with IPA concepts of searching for common, unique and idiosyncratic themes across transcripts. The findings revealed three themes Black Africans associated to their explanatory model of mental health challenges: complexities of migration, African‐centred worldview and negative life experiences. To help alleviate the Eurocentric nature of mental health practice in England, it is hoped that this explanatory model will become an integral part of mental health practice in England and around the world.
Calcium image analysis in the moving gut
Authors: Barth Bradley B. , Redington Emily R. , Gautam Nitisha , Pelot Nicole A. , Grill Warren M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe neural control of gastrointestinal muscle relies on circuit activity whose underlying motifs remain limited by small‐sample calcium imaging recordings confounded by motion artifact, paralytics, and muscle dissections. We present a sequence of resources to register images from moving preparations and identify out‐of‐focus events in widefield fluorescent microscopy.MethodsOur algorithm uses piecewise rigid registration with pathfinding to correct movements associated with smooth muscle contractions. We developed methods to identify loss‐of‐focus events and to simulate calcium activity to evaluate registration.Key ResultsBy combining our methods with principal component analysis, we found populations of neurons exhibit distinct activity patterns in response to distinct stimuli consistent with hypothesized roles. The image analysis pipeline makes deeper insights possible by capturing concurrently calcium dynamics from more neurons in larger fields of view. We provide access to the source code for our algorithms and make experimental and technical recommendations to increase data quality in calcium imaging experiments.ConclusionsThese methods make feasible large population, robust calcium imaging recordings and permit more sophisticated network analyses and insights into neural activity patterns in the gut.
A response to Michael Clinton's On Bender's orientation to models: Towards a philosophical debate on covering laws, theory, emergence and mechanisms in nursing science
Authors: Bender Miriam 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMy purpose in this short response to Clinton's interesting article On Bender's orientation to models: Towards a philosophical debate on covering laws, theory, emergence and mechanisms in nursing science, which is published in this issue, is not to provide any counterargument to Clinton's interpretation of my own argument; readers are welcome to interrogate both articles at their leisure and make their own conclusions. What I will do instead is provide a brief critical assessment of my own (il)logic re bringing in the notion of mechanism as conceived by Machamer, Darden and Craver into an argument for models versus theories as a carrier of nursing knowledge.
Rice miR5504 regulates plant height by affecting cell proliferation and expansion
Authors: Wang Huihui , Ouyang Jiexiu , Jian Wenjia , Li Meng , Zhong Jiancong , Yan Xin , Gao Jiadong , Wang Xin , Li Shaobo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractmiRNAs play critical roles in the regulation of plant growth and development by cleaving mRNA or repressing transcription. In our previous study, miR5504 with unknown functions was captured by small RNA sequencing. Here, the function and characters of miR5504 were extensively analyzed using CRISPR/Cas9, overexpression strategy, Northern blot, cytological analysis, and transcriptomics analysis. We found that the dwarf phenotype of mir5504 mutants (mir5504‐1 and mir5504‐2) appeared on 35‐day seedlings and became more apparent at the mature stage. The cytological results showed a substantial decrease in the vascular bundle number, cell number and cell length in the mir5504 mutant compared with NIP. In addition, we found that miR5504 regulated plant height by targeting LOC_Os08g16914. The results of RNA‐seq revealed that numerous biological processes were mainly enriched, including DNA‐binding transcription factor activity, transferase activity, regulation of transcription, metabolic process, and protein binding. Meanwhile, KEEG analysis showed that numerous proteins were associated with cellular processes and metabolism pathways. Taken together, miR5504 may be involved in the regulation of plant height by affecting cell expansion and division of internode in rice.
Lateral augmentation of the jaw by the split expansion ridge technique. A critical review
Authors: Artzi Zvi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBone augmentation has become a routine procedure to enhance and/or repair a deficient or resorbed alveolar ridge for predictable and successful implant placement. The split expansion ridge i.e., the alveolar ridge splitting (ARS) procedure, is one of the less invasive procedures, and is characterized by minor morbidity. This would allow to widen narrow ridges in order to allow implant reconstruction in a sufficient bone volume. Its efficacy and long‐term stability rely upon clinical opinions and long‐term retrospective studies, while prospective comparative studies and randomized controlled trials are rare. This critical review presents the development of this technique, describes the surgical procedure, and provides technical notes and modifications. The learning curve and in‐depth knowledge of the oral anatomy, as well as the recognition of incidence and management of complications are of utmost importance in the clinical application of the ARS procedure.
Communicating in diverse local cultures: Analyzing Chinese government communication programs around nuclear power projects
Authors: Guo Yue , He Linsheng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPrevious studies have demonstrated the importance of sociocultural context in the process of government communication, but few studies have elaborated on the underlying mechanisms. By comparing government communication strategies under diverse sociocultural factors, this study aims to explore the role of local culture as a contextual factor in the design of government communication. Drawing on evidence from China's government communication on nuclear power projects, we explore how the central government constructed communication strategies based on different local cultures to enhance public acceptance of nuclear power projects. A comparison of this case in two cities reveals that the government can design communication strategies based on their understanding of local citizens – using local culture as the basis of audience segmentation to create different communication strategies for different citizens.
Surges in participation in global value chains: Drivers and macroeconomic impacts in sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Ebeke Christian Hubert 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article proposes a cross‐country examination of the drivers and impacts of episodes of surges in countries' participation in international value chains based on event analysis previously used in the empirical literature in studies on export surges or GDP growth accelerations. Using a large sample of developing countries over the period 1990–2018, and relying on the EORA database, the article offers three main results. First, the ‘surges’ are not common, with only 11 episodes recorded in sub‐Saharan Africa over the past three decades. Second, strong FDI inflows and governance quality precede the occurrence of these ‘surges’, while protracted real exchange rate under‐valuations appear to nurture these surges. Third, once they occur, these ‘surges’ are transformative: they are associated with higher real per capita GDP growth, rapid industrialization, stronger diversification, and sophistication of exports, faster poverty reduction and higher urbanisation rate.
Multi-Track Melt Pool Width Modeling in Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Wang Dan , Chen Xu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
While powder bed fusion (PBF) additive manufacturing offers many advantages and exciting applications, its broader adoption is hindered by issues with reliability and variations during the manufacturing process. To address this, researchers have identified the importance of using both finite element modeling and control-oriented modeling to predict and improve the quality of printed parts. In this paper, we propose a novel control-oriented multi-track melt pool width model that utilizes the superposition principle to account for the complex thermal interactions that occur during PBF. We validate the effectiveness of the model by applying a finite element model of the thermal fields in PBF.
Modeling the Impact of Abdominal Pressure on Hypoxia in Laboratory Swine
Authors: KadkhodaeiElyaderani Behzad , Leibowitz Joshua L. , Moon Yejin , Stachnik Stephen , Awad Morcos , Sarkar Grace M. , Shaw Anna E. , Stewart Shelby , Culligan Melissa , Friedberg Joseph S. , Hahn Jin-Oh , Fathy Hosam K. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper presents an experimentally parameterized model of the dynamics of oxygen transport in a laboratory animal that simultaneously experiences: (i) a reduction in inspired oxygen plus (ii) an increase in intra-abdominal pressure. The goal is to model the potential impact of elevated intra-abdominal pressure on oxygen transport dynamics. The model contains three compartments, namely, the animal’s lungs, lower body vasculature, and upper body vasculature. The model assumes that intra-abdominal pressure affects the split of cardiac output among the two vasculature compartments and that aerobic metabolism in each compartment diminishes with severe hypoxia. Fitting this model to a laboratory experiment on an adult male Yorkshire swine using a regularized nonlinear least-squares approach furnishes both physiologically plausible parameter values plus a reasonable quality of fit.
Non-Contacting Two-Dimensional Position Estimation Using an External Magnet and Monocular Computer Vision
Authors: Pushpalayam N. , Alexander L. , Rajamani R. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper develops a position estimation system for a robot moving over a two-dimensional plane with three degrees-of-freedom. The position estimation system is based on an external rotating platform containing a permanent magnet and a monocular camera. The robot is equipped with a two-axes magnetic sensor. The rotation of the external platform is controlled using the monocular camera so as to always point at the robot as it moves over the 2D plane. The radial distance to the robot can then be obtained using a one-degree-of-freedom nonlinear magnetic field model and a nonlinear observer. Extensive experimental results are presented on the performance of the developed system. Results show that the position of the robot can be estimated with sub-mm accuracy over a radial distance range of +/−60 cm from the magnet.
Social-Aware Long-Distance Trip Planner for Electric Vehicles Using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Su Zifei , Lamantia Maxavier , Chen Pingen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In the past decade, the number of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) on the road has been growing rapidly in response to global climate change and cyclic gasoline shortages. Due to the limited driving range of most commercial BEVs, individuals who use BEVs for long-distance travel tend to spend much more time on the road than owners of traditional internal combustion engine vehicles. To reduce travel time in long-distance trips, a social-aware trip planner is necessary to coordinate driving speed, vehicle charging, and social activities (e.g., dining, visit of places of interest). This paper formulates this travel time minimization problem into a mixed-integer programming model and utilizes genetic algorithm (GA) to solve for the optimal driving speed, vehicle charging, and the schedule of dining. The proposed planner is first tested numerically based on two real-world routes. Then, Monte Carlo simulations are performed to give a thorough analysis on the performance of the proposed planner. The simulation results show that the proposed method outperforms the baseline on both routes. Additionally, real-world tests are conducted to further validate the accuracy of the mixed-integer programming model.
Mitigating Interwell Fracturing Interference: Numerical Investigation of Parent Well Depletion Affecting Infill Well Stimulation
Authors: Wang Wendong , Yu Wenfeng , Wang Sukai , Zhang Lipeng , Zhang Qian , Su Yuliang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Frac hits were not unfamiliar in tight gas development. During the hydraulic fracturing process in infill well, due to closely spaced wells and parent well depletion, operators often encounter fracture interference between the parent well and infill well, resulting in frac hits. This phenomenon typically has a significant impact on the productivity of both infill and parent wells. However, effectively mitigating and minimizing the negative effects of frac hits continues to pose a formidable challenge. Therefore, we developed a new frac hits evaluation and management workflow, aiming to investigate the mechanism of frac hits between infill well and parent well and improve the performance of the infill well while avoiding frac hits. The results indicate that an increased extent of parent well depletion leads to higher surrounding rock pressure and stress depletion. The stress deflection region near the fracture tip of the parent well attracts the propagation of infill well fractures, resulting in frac hits and significantly affecting the performance of the parent well. Consequently, optimizing the timing of hydraulic fracturing in the infill well is beneficial to mitigate parent well depletion, controlling frac hits and enhancing gas well productivity. This research provides important insights for mitigating parent–infill well interference in the development of tight gas reservoirs and establishes a solid foundation for future studies.
Vortex-Induced Vibrations of Dynamic Power Cable for Floating Wind Turbines
Authors: Elrick Peter , Venugopal Vengatesan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Dynamic power cables are important structural components of floating renewable energy converters, such as floating wind turbines and other marine energy converters. Similar to marine risers, waves and currents are expected to produce Vortex Induced Vibrations (VIV) of these dynamic power cables. VIV of power cables can lead to a significantly shorter fatigue life if they are of large amplitude and frequency. In the past, numerous studies have been conducted investigating the vortex-induced vibrations of deep-sea risers and umbilicals but as of yet, only a very few studies have focused on dynamic power cables.
This research work investigates the VIV of a dynamic power cable for a semi-submersible floating wind turbine based on the NREL offshore 5-MW baseline wind turbine. This study is conducted using the industry standard software tools, OrcaFlex and Shear7. The dynamic power cable has been modelled into a lazy wave configuration and the Milan Wake Oscillator and Iwan and Blevins oscillator models (both from OrcaFlex), and Shear7 are applied to predict the VIV behaviour under differing current conditions. Both uniform and shear currents are considered. In the numerical model simulations, the power cable is subjected to three different current propagation directions (i.e. 0°, 90° and 180°) and current speeds from 0–2.0 m/s. The results indicate that the behaviour of the cable vibrations is strongly dependent on the (i) submerged position of the cable along its length, (ii) structural and mechanical properties of the cable, (iii) current propagation direction and its magnitude, (iv) Strouhal number, and (v) choice of numerical model.