bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sequential recovery of protein and ammonium from waste sludge and functional metabolism in a combined process of nutrient recovery electro- fermentation (NREF)
Authors: Gu Jiayu , Zhou Huihui , Wang Jing , Feng Kun , Xie Guojun , Liu Bingfeng , Xing Defeng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Waste sludge, as an inevitable by-product during wastewater treatment, is a valuable resource for nitrogen nutrient recovery (e.g. protein and ammonium). Electro-fermentation system (EFS) has a unique advantage in boosting sludge fermentation while recovering ammonium. However, the simultaneous recovery of protein and ammonium during sludge treatment has not yet been achieved. And it remains obscure how microbes cooperate regarding their molecular metabolic mechanisms during EFS treating sludge.
Results: We proposed a novel approach for sequential recovery of protein and ammonium and simultaneous sludge treatment by pretreatment-EF cascading system. The results showed that 72.23% of protein was recovered by alkaline-thermal pretreatment of dewatered sludge, which was recycled as yeast extract and peptone substitute for bacterial growth. The cascading two-chamber EFS facilitated the ammonium recovery of 71−80% and 45−50% in cathode chamber of residual pretreated dewatered sludge (EFS-TS) and raw waste sludge (EFS-RS), respectively. Additionally, the EFS significantly enhanced the COD removal, where EFS-TS obtained the highest TCOD removal which increased by 6.39−14.53% over anaerobic digestion. Microbiome analysis demonstrated that EFS attributed to the enrichment and syntrophic interaction of electroactive bacteria (Geobacter), fermentative bacteria (Rikenella, Lentimicrobium, and Petrimonas), and nitrogen-fixing bacteria(Geobacter and Azonexus). Metagenomics analysis uncovered that this syntrophic interaction facilitated the organic degradation pathways, intracellular and extracellular electron transfer, and nitrogen transformation.
Conclusions: Our study provides insights into syntrophic interaction between biofilm and suspension in the nutrient recovery electro-fermentation, and presents a promising approach for processing sludge with full form nitrogen recovery.
Structural brain characteristics of epilepsy patients with comorbid migraine without aura
Authors: Zhang Shujiang , Liu Wenyu , Li Jinmei , Zhou Dong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Migraine is a common bi-directional comorbidity of epilepsy and there is possible potential complex interaction between the two diseases. Until now there is no study of brain morphology analysis of them. The use of VBM, SBM and SCN are helpful to improve the accuracy of detection of morphological changes.
Methods
Thirty patients of epilepsy with comorbid migraine without aura (EM) were included in our study, simultaneously, 20 healthy controls (HC), 30 epilepsy controls (EC) without migraine were recruited as control. We used voxel-based morphometry (VBM), surface-based morphometry (SBM), and structural covariance network (SCN) analysis to compare differences in gray matter volume, cortical thickness, and global level and local level graph theory indexes between the EM, EC, and HC groups to investigate structural brain changes in EM patients.
Results
VBM analysis showed that the EM group had gray matter atrophy in the right temporal pole compared with the HC group (p < 0.001, false discover rate correction). Furthermore, the headache duration in the EM group was negatively correlated with the gray matter volume of the right temporal pole (p < 0.05). SBM analysis showed cortical atrophy in the left insula, left posterior cingulate gyrus, left postcentral gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus, and left fusiform gyrus in EM compared with the HC group (p < 0.001, family wise error correction). We found a positive correlation between headache frequency and the cortical thickness of the left middle temporal gyrus (p < 0.05). SCN analysis revealed that no differences in global parameters between the three groups. The AUC of nodal betweenness centrality in the right postcentral gyrus was decreased in the EM group compared with the HC group (p < 0.001, FDR correction), and the AUC of the nodal degree in the right fusiform gyrus was decreased in the EM group compared with the EC group (p < 0.001, FDR correction).
Conclusion
We found clear structural brain changes in EM patients compared to HC. Migraine attacks may have potential effects on brain structure in epilepsy patients. Meanwhile, brain structural changes may be an important factor for the development of epilepsy with comorbid migraine. Further studies are needed to investigate the structural changes of epilepsy with comorbid migraine without aura.
Internet of Things Network Security Improvement Investment: The Role of Platform and Smart Device Manufacturer
Authors: Li Xiufeng , Zhang Zhen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

This study aims to address the network security investment problem in an IoT environment by developing a game-theoretical model. We examine the impact of IoT service level and customer characteristics on the incentives for both the IoT platform and the manufacturer to invest in security, as well as the platform's profitability. Through analytical analysis, we obtain several noteworthy findings. Firstly, we find that a higher IoT platform service level corresponds to a higher security responsibility. As a result, the platform needs to carefully consider the costs and benefits associated with security investment and service provision. Additionally, our research demonstrates that both the platform and the manufacturer's efforts to enhance security do not diminish, even when faced with increasing customer losses due to security breaches. Furthermore, our study reveals the influence of the unit security cost and the size of highly sensitive customers on the security efforts undertaken by both the IoT platform and the smart device manufacturer. These results have important practical implications for firms operating within an IoT-based supply chain. Specifically, our findings can provide valuable decision-making guidance for enterprises seeking digital transformation and making informed choices regarding platform operations.
AdductHunter: Identifying Protein-Metal Complex Adducts in Mass Spectra
Authors: Long Derek , Eade Liam , Sullivan Matthew P , Dost Katharina , Meier-Menches Samuel M , Goldstone David C , Hartinger Christian G , Wicker Jörg S , Taskova Katerina 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS) is an analytical technique for molecule identification that can be used for investigating protein-metal complex interactions. Once the MS data is collected, the mass spectra are usually interpreted manually to identify the adducts formed which arise from the interactions between proteins and metal-based species. However, with increasing resolution, dataset size, and species complexity, the time required to identify adducts and the error-prone nature of manual assignment have become limiting factors in MS analysis. AdductHunter is an analysis tool to automate the peak identification process using constraint integer optimization to find feasible combinations of protein and fragments, and dynamic time warping to calculate the dissimilarity between the theoretical isotope pattern of a species and its experimental isotope peak distribution. Our results show fast and accurate identification of protein adducts to aid mass spectrometry analysis.
A review of the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in water by modified TiO2
Authors: Li Xueqi , Wei Hongyan , Song Tiehong , Lu Hai , Wang Xiaoyan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Organic pollutants in water bodies pose a serious environmental problem, and photocatalytic technology is an efficient and environmentally friendly water treatment method. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a widely used photocatalyst, but it suffers from some drawbacks such as a narrow light response range, fast charge recombination, and low photocatalytic activity. To improve the photocatalytic performance of TiO2, this article reviews the preparation methods, performance evaluation, and applications of modified TiO2 photocatalysts. Firstly, the article introduces the effects of doping modification, semiconductor composite modification, and other modification methods on the structure and properties of TiO2 photocatalysts, as well as the common characterization techniques and activity test methods of photocatalysts. Secondly, the article discusses the effects and mechanisms of modified TiO2 photocatalysts on degrading dye, pesticide, and other organic pollutants in water bodies, as well as the influencing factors. Finally, the article summarizes the main achievements and advantages of modified TiO2 photocatalysts in degrading organic pollutants in water bodies, points out the existing problems and challenges, and prospects for the development direction and future of this field.
ANÁLISE DAS PRESCRIÇÕES DE PACIENTES COM COVID-19 EM USO DE HIDROXICLOROQUINA EM UMA UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA
Authors: Oliveira Carneiro Geovanna , Silva de Medeiros Jordan Carlos , Facundes Barbosa do Nascimento Erika Michelle , Monte Moreira Francisca Sueli 
Published: September 2023

Introdução: Mesmo em emergências sanitárias, quando terapias experimentais são empregadas, é importante prezar pela segurança e eficácia no uso de medicamentos, e a análise de prescrições médicas é uma das maneiras de monitorar aspectos de segurança. Objetivo: Quantificar e classificar as Interações Medicamentosas Potenciais (IMP) com Hidroxicloroquina (HCQ) de acordo com o risco em prescrições de pacientes com COVID-19. Metodologia: Este estudo transversal baseou-se na análise de 162 prescrições de 38 pacientes admitidos em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) de um Hospital de ensino entre abril e junho de 2020. O Micromedex® e o UpToDate® foram as bases de dados de apoio à conduta clínica utilizadas para estabelecer as IMP. Resultados: A média de dias de internamento foi de 16,1 ± 14,0 e a média de dias em uso de HCQ foi de 4,26 ± 1,74. 87,14% das prescrições apresentaram IMP e a mais comum foi entre HCQ e azitromicina. 76,4% das prescrições analisadas apresentaram IMP com HCQ. 73,5% das prescrições tiveram pelo menos uma IMP entre medicamentos que prolongam o intervalo QT. Conclusões: Tendo em vista os riscos da exposição de pacientes críticos às interações medicamentosas, este estudo demonstra a necessidade de fortalecer nas instituições hospitalares a cultura de monitoramento de parâmetros de segurança e eficácia no uso de medicamentos, inclusive em terapias experimentais com a utilização de medicamentos off-label para minimizar riscos e ampliar possíveis benefícios
Palavras-Chave: COVID-19. Hidroxicloroquina. Unidade de Terapia Intensiva.
AGOSTO LILÁS: UM GRITO POR IGUALDADE, DIGNIDADE E RESPEITO
Authors: Souza Georgia Costa de Araújo , Andrade Fábia Barbosa de , Costa Iris do Céu Clara 
Published: September 2023

A violência contra a mulher, considerada uma epidemia silenciosa, é uma trágica questão global que atinge mulheres no aspecto individual, mas que repercute em toda a sociedade ao ferir o direito de liberdade, dignidade e respeito. Ao longo dos anos aqui no Brasil, o mês de agosto vem se consolidando como o mês da campanha de enfrentamento à violência contra a mulher, o “Agosto Lilás”. A Marcha das Margaridas, realizada recentemente no nosso país, neste mesmo mês do corrente ano de 2023, ressaltou o quanto as mulheres ainda precisam debater esse assunto e trazer o problema da violência à tona, para que suas vozes não sejam caladas, seus corpos não sejam atingidos e seus pensamentos não sejam reprimidos.
Exploring Pedagogical Dissonance in including Acupuncture Treatment
Approach into A Western Biomedical Evidence-based Physiotherapy
Curriculum
Authors: Anjos Ana , Corten Lieselotte , Goncalves Nuno , Maart Soraya 
Published: September 2023

Background:
In the past several years, acupuncture has been used more often to manage pain, either in conjunction with other therapies or as a complementary treatment. Evidence also points to a rise in physiotherapists’ interest in acupuncture.

Main Objectives:
The goal of performing a cross-sectional survey was to identify the characteristics of physiotherapists who use acupuncture in their relevant
practice and also to explore what views participants had regarding the inclusion of acupuncture in the physiotherapy curriculum.

Methodology::
A quantitative cross-sectional survey methodology was used in the investigation. Through pilot studies and expert input, an online survey was
developed and validated. The South African Society of Physiotherapy (SASP), the Physiotherapy Association of South Africa (PASA), and the
Emirates Physiotherapy Society (EPS) used email and social media to distribute the questionnaire to physiotherapists in order to gather data. These
countries were specifically chosen based on language and researcher familiarity with the organizations. One hundred eighty-one physiotherapists
who were members of the appropriate professional associations in South Africa and the United Arab Emirates were included in the study as a
convenient sample. Active physiotherapists who have treated patients within the previous six months and consented to take the survey were
eligible to participate. The study had no exclusion criteria.

Conclusion::
The survey had varied results, although most respondents recognized the value of acupuncture in the practice of physiotherapy. However, the
majority of participants did not think that physiotherapy alone is ineffective. Overall, the survey results showed that some respondents preferred
postgraduate acupuncture education over including acupuncture in undergraduate education. Notably, despite the majority of physiotherapists
having bachelor’s degrees, the survey data showed that many of them possessed practical experience in acupuncture.
Macrophage-targeted Nanomedicine for Sepsis: Diagnosis and Therapy
Authors: Yang Liyuan , Lou Xiaoli , Hao Shanshan , Zhou Li , Hou Yanqiang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
Sepsis is a syndrome involving complex pathophysiological and biochemical dysregulation. Nanotechnology
can improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of sepsis and contribute to the development
of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to further reduce the risk of sepsis. Macrophages play a key role
in the progression of sepsis, thus, macrophage-associated pathological processes are important targets for both
diagnostic and treatment of sepsis. In this paper, we reviewed efforts in the past decade of nanotechnologybased
solutions for manipulate macrophages in sepsis diagnosis and management according to the type of nanomaterial.
We addressed the latest progress of nanoparticles targeting macrophages for early sepsis detection.
Additionally, we summarized the unique advantages of macrophage-targeted nanoparticles in the treatment of
sepsis. These nanoparticles can improve the dysregulation of inflammatory response in sepsis by inhibiting the
release of inflammatory factors and regulating macrophage apoptosis, activity and polarization. Finally, we present
future opportunities as well as challenges of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies with the aim of accelerating
the clinical translation of nanomedicine for sepsis treatment.
Role of Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery and Target Identification
in Cancer
Authors: Sharma Vishal , Singh Amit , Chauhan Sanjana , Sharma Pramod Kumar , Chaudhary Shubham , Sharma Astha , Porwal Omji , Fuloria Neeraj Kumar 
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
Drug discovery and development (DDD) is a highly complex process that necessitates precise
monitoring and extensive data analysis at each stage. Furthermore, the DDD process is both timeconsuming
and costly. To tackle these concerns, artificial intelligence (AI) technology can be used,
which facilitates rapid and precise analysis of extensive datasets within a limited timeframe. The pathophysiology
of cancer disease is complicated and requires extensive research for novel drug discovery
and development. The first stage in the process of drug discovery and development involves identifying
targets. Cell structure and molecular functioning are complex due to the vast number of molecules that
function constantly, performing various roles. Furthermore, scientists are continually discovering novel
cellular mechanisms and molecules, expanding the range of potential targets. Accurately identifying the
correct target is a crucial step in the preparation of a treatment strategy. Various forms of AI, such as
machine learning, neural-based learning, deep learning, and network-based learning, are currently being
utilised in applications, online services, and databases. These technologies facilitate the identification
and validation of targets, ultimately contributing to the success of projects. This review focuses on the
different types and subcategories of AI databases utilised in the field of drug discovery and target identification
for cancer.
T Lymphocytes in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Alzheimer’s
Disease: Pursuing Direct Neuropathological Evidence
Authors: Han Peng Cheng , Hamlett Eric Daniel 
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
Multiple studies have proposed important roles of T cells in the pathogenesis of
Alzheimer’s disease. Given the successful application of immune-based therapy for cancer and a
variety of diseases, T cell-modifying therapy becomes an attractive way to develop new therapies
for Alzheimer’s disease and perhaps neurodegenerative diseases in general. However, most of these
studies address peripheral T cell responses, while direct pathological evidence documenting T
cell infiltration relative to Alzheimer’s disease pathological markers (i.e., amyloid plaque and neurofibrillary
tangle) is sparse and at best, very preliminary in both human subjects and relevant animal
models. Here, we concisely summarize the available pathological data that directly corresponds
to T cell infiltration, critically analyze the current knowledge gaps, and thoughtfully propose
several key recommendations for future research.
Regulating Tumorigenicity and Cancer Metastasis through TRKA
Signaling
Authors: Fan Yichao , Zhang Boya , Du Xinhui , Wang Bangmin , Yan Qiang , Guo Liangyu , Yao Weitao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
Tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) A, TRKA, is a specific binding receptor of nerve
growth factor (NGF), which plays an essential role in the occurrence and progression of human cancers.
TRKA overexpression has been proven to be a powerful carcinogenic driver and has been verified
in many tumors. The TRKA receptor kinase domain is over-activated in an NGF-dependent manner,
accompanied by activation of downstream signal pathways, such as RAS-MAPK, PI3K-AKT,
JAK2-STAT3 pathway, PLC γ pathway, and Hippo pathway, which participate in tumor cell proliferation,
invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), perineural invasion (PNI), drug resistance,
and cancer pain. In addition, chimeric oncogenes produced by the fusion of NTRK1 and other genes
are also the direct cause of tumorigenesis and cancer development. The newly developed TRK inhibitors
can improve symptoms and tumor regression in cancer patients with overexpression of TRKA or
NTRK1 fusion gene. With the emergence of drug resistance, next generation of TRK inhibitors can
still maintain strong clinical efficacy in the case of TRK kinase domain mutations, and these inhibitors
are in clinical trials. This review summarizes the characteristics and research progress of TRKA, focusing
on the regulatory role of the TRKA signal pathway in different tumors. In addition, we have summarized
the clinical significance of TRKA and the TRK inhibitors. This review may provide a new
reference for the study of the mechanism of TRKA in different tumors, and also provide a new perspective
for the in-depth understanding of the role of TRKA as a biomarker and therapeutic target in
human cancer.
Scaffold Proteins in Autoimmune Disorders
Authors: Joseph Josna , Mathew John , Alexander Jessy 
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
Cells transmit information to the external environment and within themselves through
signaling molecules that modulate cellular activities. Aberrant cell signaling disturbs cellular homeostasis
causing a number of different diseases, including autoimmunity. Scaffold proteins, as the
name suggests, serve as the anchor for binding and stabilizing signaling proteins at a particular locale,
allowing both intra and intercellular signal amplification and effective signal transmission.
Scaffold proteins play a critical role in the functioning of tight junctions present at the intersection
of two cells. In addition, they also participate in cleavage formation during cytokinesis, and in the
organization of neural synapses, and modulate receptor management outcomes. In autoimmune settings
such as lupus, scaffold proteins can lower the cell activation threshold resulting in uncontrolled
signaling and hyperactivity. Scaffold proteins, through their binding domains, mediate protein-
protein interaction and play numerous roles in cellular communication and homeostasis. This
review presents an overview of scaffold proteins, their influence on the different signaling pathways,
and their role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune and auto inflammatory diseases. Since these
proteins participate in many roles and interact with several other signaling pathways, it is necessary
to gain a thorough understanding of these proteins and their nuances to facilitate effective target
identification and therapeutic design for the treatment of autoimmune disorders.
Pegylated Nanoparticles for Brain Targeting- Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Gupta Utsav , Sultana Shaheen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
As the blood-brain barrier (BBB) stops hazardous substances from entering the brain, creating treatment strategies to treat central nervous system (CNS) conditions is difficult. By circumventing the BBB, nanotechnology has emerged as a viable method for targeted medicine delivery to the brain. PEGylated nanoparticles (PEGNPs) have shown the ability to encapsulate a range of drugs and deliver them to the deepest regions of the brain. PEGNPs are a helpful tool in preclinical research for CNS diseases because of their extreme flexibility. Before PEGNPs can be employed in clinical practise, however, issues with their design and optimization for efficient brain targeting, as well as their long-term safety, must be resolved. Moreover, it is crucial to comprehend the basic principles of PEGNP trafficking through the BBB and how they affect CNS cells. Despite these difficulties, PEGNPs have the potential to completely alter the way CNS diseases are treated by allow-ing for precise medication delivery to the brain. This review emphasizes the potential and difficul-ties in using PEGNPs for brain targeting and describes current breakthroughs in PEGNP research for CNS diseases.