bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Video Distance Measurement Method Based on Three Focus Positions
Authors: Serea Elena , Penciuc Mihai , Temneanu Marinel-Costel , Donciu Codrin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Several precision technologies require video measuring systems that perform fast an extensive number of routine measurements and deliver high accuracy outcome. The quality of achievement is intrinsically determined by the measurement technique where with the applications that operate these systems are designed. The paper advances a simplified and at the same time comprehensive approach, proposing a new video distance measuring method using a single camera. It is designed to assess the distance at which the visual task is from the camera, using three adjacent focus positions. Practically, the method involves two stages: calibration and measurement. Calibration is realized only once for each camera type and involves setting the measuring range for all positions of the focus lens where maximum clarity is obtained. Distance measurement involves the use of the maximum sharpness position of the lens and the correlation with the sharpness values of the positions next to the maximum sharpness position.
Towards Reliability and Safety Improvement of Measurement and Control Processes on Ships: Implementation of Wireless Hart Protocol
Authors: Abotaleb Mostafa , Mindykowski Janusz , Dudojc Boleslaw , Masnicki Romuald 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Measurement and control systems in maritime engineering applications are quite similar to those in shore based engineering applications except for some unique features which differentiate between each of them. These features are either related to the specific nature and purpose of the maritime application (Various types of commercial ships, oil/gas rigs and others) or linked to the harsh environmental conditions such as salinity, corrosion and vibration which usually exist in higher levels than shore based applications. Accordingly and due to such a specific nature of maritime engineering applications, more requirements should be considered to ensure reliability and stability for measurement and control process avoiding any negative effects that might be associated with such a unique engineering environment. As was discussed in (Abotaleb, 2021), smart transmitters based on hybrid analogue-digital (HART) and digital (Foundation Fieldbus and Profibus PA) communication protocols with additional diagnostic information, they might be a possible wired alternative for analogue transmitters (mostly based on 4-20 mA analogue standard). Similarly, wireless HART protocol can be an alternative for 4-20 mA analogue transmitters. This article will discuss the possibility of replacing classical 4-20 mA analogue transmitters with wireless HART smart transmitters on commercial ships as an example for maritime engineering application. The first section of the discussion will include a theoretical background for the basic principles of wireless HART protocol among other wireless technologies used in industrial automation. The second section of the article will discuss the possibility of utilising wireless HART protocol in the most common measurement and control systems on any commercial ship in order to discover the degree to which wireless HART can be fully or partially integrated with maritime engineering applications. Afterwards, better realization for such a concept will be rendered by an analytical planning case study conducted for tank level measurement system on different types of commercial ships. Based on both the theoretical and the analytical sections, the experimental section will manifest the importance of some of the necessary key elements to implement a reliable wireless HART network. These key elements are RSSI levels, supply voltage stability and the capability of wireless HART adapters to integrate between wired HART protocol and wireless HART network.
Renewable Energy and Sustainable Digitalisation: Challenges for Europe
Authors: Mainzer Klaus 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The key to a successful strategy for Europe is sustainable innovation. The current political, economic and military crisis should be used to accelerate the shift to sustainable innovations in order to exit the path dependency of fossil energies. Such as diversity of portfolios at stock markets, diversity of energy and digital technologies ensures resilient behaviour in an innovation portfolio to respond flexibly to the risks of the future and to recover overall in the event of selective setbacks. Sustainable technologies must not be based on a single solution, but rather the entire technological potential must be bundled in an innovation portfolio. A case study is presented in which energy-efficient digitalisation is linked to a sustainable circular economy. A democratic legal system is not only an expression of the human rights highlighted in the UN Charter, but also provides a certain and reliable legal framework for innovations and markets on which technological and economic competition takes place.
Experiments Safety - The State of Art at Schools in Czechia
Authors: Rusek Martin , Sakhnini Sohair , Bílek Martin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Chemistry experiments have been an issue of vivid discussion for more than fifty years now. Though there are many who hold a stand-offish position, there is a general notion chemistry experiments inherently belong to chemistry instruction. In this study, attention was given first to the frequency that Czech teachers at both lower and upper-secondary schools use experiments, demonstrations, laboratory work etc. A random, generalisable sample of 354 teachers filled in a questionnaire. The results showed experiments are used only seldom at lower-secondary schools and lyceums, more frequently at grammar schools, yet just “at least once a month”. Safety showed as one of the barriers. The teachers expressed general knowledge about a norm which covers the topic, however in their further responses they expressed a lack of awareness of the compounds their students are allowed to work with. These findings are a call for measures such as: developing a database of well-described procedures including safety regulation remarks or a simplified, easy to follow list of up-to-date regulations.
Distopia Centrului. Transnaționalizarea Modernismului Hispano-American
Authors: Gălan Andra 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This paper explores Hispanic American literary modernism in light of the theoretical studies of World Literature. Regarding the periphery-center relationship, prevails the idea that there is a hierarchy that positions cultures and, implicitly, literature, near the European center. The focus is on Latin American modernism because it shows that there is a dystopia of the periphery-center relationship. After all, modernism is, in fact, creation and, at the same time, an obsession with the peripheries, born of the time lag from the center. Therefore, the study will analyze the role of cultural exchanges and the division of cultural capital and it will consider the transnationalization of Latin American literature as a starting point for literary modernism.
Lirica Blagiană – (Re)Lecturi Cantitative. Negația
Authors: Frătean Denisa-Maria 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This paper is aiming to analyze the occurence and some functional and pragmatic aspects of the types of negation in all Lucian Blaga’s volumes of poetry. By using a quantitative approach, we have proved the stylistic effect of negation in his poetry and the importance of the negation with positive connotations in his verse. Beginning with the verbal negation, this paper goes through all the other types of it acoording to Rodica Zafiu’s classification: the negation of constituent, the expletive negation, the pro-sentence and the restrictions with a negative form.
Underwater Laser Imaging
Authors: Metoyer Shelby , Bogucki Darek 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Attenuation of light in the ocean ranges widely depending on the environment and is especially significant in optical remote sensing. Absorption of light by ocean water limits the range light can travel before being extinguished. The complex interactions of scattering light and ocean water often lead to distortions of the signal as it propagates which degrades the quality and accuracy of underwater measurements. Consequently, underwater visibility (i.e. how well an object can be seen with definition at distance) can be less than 1 [m] in turbid and murky environments such as harbors. Advancements in laser imaging systems make highly accurate measurements at further ranges than has previously been possible through temporally filtering of a modulated laser signal at frequencies as high as 1 [GHz]. Here we overview the processes affecting underwater light propagation and visibility, laser imaging systems, recent advancements in the field of underwater optical imaging, and the application of such systems.
Possible Applications of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy-Narrative Review
Authors: Nieradko-Iwanicka Barbara , Przybylska Daria , Siermontowski Piotr , Kowalski Cezary J. , Wójciak-Czuła Marta , Borzęcki Andrzej 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is a method supporting the treatment of many diseases. Oxygen therapy treatments are conducted in hyperbaric chambers, in which patients breathe pure, 100% oxygen with higher than atmospheric pressure. This allows to increase the amount of oxygen supplied to all cells of the body many times over. The treatment with hyperbaric oxygen therapy enables the patient to recover faster and be fully active, and also reduces the costs of standard treatment.
The aim of the study was to summarize the possible applications of hyperbaric oxygen therapy. The available literature in the PUBMED database was reviewed in September 2022 with the use of the phrases ‘hyperbaric oxygen therapy’, ‘therapeutic applications’. The indications for therapy in a hyperbaric chamber are all kinds of diseases, both acute and chronic. The method supports the nourishment and regeneration of cells and tissues of the organism, and also slows down the aging process. However, due to the possible side effects of such therapy, patients should be qualified for its use after a careful analysis of their clinical condition and coexisting diseases. To sum up: hyperbaric oxygen therapy is most often used in the treatment of skin diseases and injuries, burns, and peripheral vascular diseases.
Non-invasive method for blood glucose monitoring using ECG signal
Authors: Fellah Arbi Khadidja , Soulimane Sofiane , Saffih Faycal 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Tight glucose monitoring is crucial for diabetic patients by using a Continuous Glucose Monitor (CGM). The existing CGMs measure the Blood Glucose Concentration (BGC) from the interstitial fluid. These technologies are quite expensive, and most of them are invasive. Previous studies have demonstrated that hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia episodes affect the electrophysiology of the heart. However, they did not determine a cohort relationship between BGC and ECG parameters.

Material and method: In this work, we propose a new method for determining the BGC using surface ECG signals. Recurrent Convolutional Neural Networks (RCNN) were applied to segment the ECG signals. Then, the extracted features were employed to determine the BGC using two mathematical equations. This method has been tested on 04 patients over multiple days from the D1namo dataset, using surface ECG signals instead of intracardiac signal.

Results: We were able to segment the ECG signals with an accuracy of 94% using the RCNN algorithm. According to the results, the proposed method was able to estimate the BGC with a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.0539, and a Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 0.1604. In addition, the linear relationship between BGC and ECG features has been confirmed in this paper.

Conclusion: In this paper, we propose the potential use of ECG features to determine the BGC. Additionally, we confirmed the linear relationship between BGC and ECG features. That fact will open new perspectives for further research, namely physiological models. Furthermore, the findings point to the possible application of ECG wearable devices for non-invasive continuous blood glucose monitoring via machine learning.
Quality of Life in Patients after Stroke
Authors: Jovanovic Aleksandar , Dickov Aleksandra , Knezevic Vladimir , Pejin Radoslav , Nikovic Jelena 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The goal of all medical treatments is a better quality of life for patients. Post-stroke rehabilitation is a long process with uncertain result. The aim of this study was to explore the factors which affect the quality of life of patients recovering from a cerebrovascular disease. This is a prospective study evaluating the quality of life of one hundred patients one month and six months after a stroke, and patients also answered questions retrospectively, of how they felt before the stroke. As assessment tools we used a questionnaire on general and clinical data and Medical Outcomes Study Short Form (SF-36) questionnaire. Physical functioning and Physical role domains of SF-36 show significant differences in both measured periods (p<0.001). Emotional role, Social functioning, Mental health, Vitality and General health domains show a statistically significant change during first six months, while Bodily pain domain did not change (p>0.05). Physical summary score has changed significantly during 6 months (p <0.001). Mental summary score showed no significant difference in both periods (p <0.687; p <0.958). The brain localization is important factor (p<0.0002). Gender, age, education, employment status and previous strokes did not have a statistically significant influence (p> 0.05). Post-stroke physical impairment is not always accompanied by emotional impairment. Emotional functioning impairments generally return to the premorbid level during the period of six months, while physical impairments continue to occur. Further research is needed for better understanding of these relationships.
Patchouli Oil Innovation in Making Peel-Off Masks to Inhibit Acne Bacteria
Authors: Sufriadi Elly , Novebrina Tiara , Muhammad Syaifullah , Dirhamsyah M. 
Published: February 2023

One of the plants that produce essential oils is patchouli. Patchouli contains patchouli oil which has many benefits, including as an antibacterial, antioxidant, and can be used in perfume mixtures. In this study, patchouli oil was used in the manufacture of peel-off masks. This study aims to test the ability of peel off masks as antibacterial which can inhibit acne-causing bacteria. The results of this study are peel-off mask can inhibit the growth of acne-causing bacteria, namely Staphylococcus aureus. The clear zone formed is 11.8 mm, which indicates that the peel-off mask has a strong inhibitory power to inhibit the growth of acne-causing bacteria. Peel-off masks have a thick texture, white colour, and are easy to peel off when dry. The results of this study provide information for the development of Peel-Off masks as antibacterial, especially for the cosmetic and health fields.
Thrust Integrated Trajectory Optimization for Multipulse Rocket Missiles Using Convex Programming
Authors: Jung Cheol-Goo , Kim Boseok , Jung Ki-Wook , Lee Chang-Hun 
Published: February 2023

In this paper, a thrust integrated trajectory optimization algorithm for multipulse rocket missiles is proposed. Maximizing terminal velocity is selected as a performance index for achieving high maneuverability in the homing stage. To incorporate the optimization of thrust profile, thrust parameters are also considered as optimization variables with several thrust constraints such as impulse conservation and maximum/minimum thrust level. The original trajectory optimization problem is reformulated using new independent variables and timescale variables. This method simplifies the dynamics and makes the impulse conservation constraint disappear. Then, a control-affine system is established by defining the angle of attack and its square as new control inputs. The admissible input set is relaxed to a convex set, and mathematical proof is provided to show that the relaxation preserves the solution. The problem is discretized by applying a pseudospectral method for each subinterval. The solution is then obtained using sequential convex programming (SCP). A quadratic variable trust-region constraint is used for robust convergence of SCP. The proposed method robustly optimizes the thrust parameters and trajectory of the multipulse rocket missile within 1 s. Numerical simulation shows the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Experimental Characterization of an Axisymmetric Transonic Separated Flow for Computational Fluid Dynamics Validation
Authors: Lynch Kyle P. , Lance Blake W. , Miller Nathan E. , Barone Matthew F. , Beresh Steven J. 
Published: February 2023

An experimental characterization of transonic, turbulent, separated flow generated by an axisymmetric model is presented, with intent for use as a computational validation case. The model is a scaled version of a geometry inspired by Bachalo and Johnson (“Transonic, Turbulent Boundary-Layer Separation Generated on an Axisymmetric Flow Model,” AIAA Journal, Vol. 24, No. 3, 1986, pp. 437–442), consisting of a circular bump on a constant-diameter cylinder aligned with the flow. The Mach 0.875 flow is turbulent approaching the bump and becomes locally supersonic at the apex. This leads to a shock-wave/boundary-layer interaction, a separation bubble, and unsteady flow reattachment downstream. Tunnel boundary conditions are characterized, and mean surface pressure, mean skin friction, and both mean and fluctuating velocity fields are measured throughout the interaction region. Uncertainty estimates are provided for all measurements. The degree of flow axisymmetry and evidence of relaminarization are discussed, and a comparison is made to historical data.
A Preliminary Investigation into the Neural Correlates of Knee Loading during a Change of Direction Task in Individuals after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Culiver Adam , Grooms Dustin , Edwards Nathan , Schmitt Laura , Oñate James 
Published: February 2023

Background Central nervous system (CNS) function after ACLR, quantified by the blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) response, is altered in regions of sensory function during knee movement after ACLR. However, it is unknown how this altered neural response may manifest in knee loading and response to sensory perturbations during sport specific movements. Purpose To investigate the relationship among CNS function and lower extremity kinetics, under multiple visual conditions, during 180° change of direction task in individuals with a history of ACLR. Methods Eight participants, 39.3 ± 37.1 months after primary, left ACLR performed repetitive active knee flexion and extension of their involved knee during fMRI scanning. Participants separately performed 3D motion capture analysis of a 180° change of direction task under full vision (FV) and stroboscopic vision (SV) conditions. A neural correlate analysis was performed to associate BOLD signal to knee loading of the left lower extremity. Results Involved limb peak internal knee extension moment (pKEM) was significantly lower in the SV condition (1.89 ± 0.37 N*m/Kg) compared to the FV condition (2.0 ± 0.34 N*m/Kg) (p = .018). Involved limb pKEM during the SV condition was positively correlated with BOLD signal in the contralateral precuneus and superior parietal lobe (Voxels: 53; p = .017; z-stat max: 6.47; MNI peak: 6, -50, 66). Conclusion There is a positive association between involved limb pKEM in the SV condition and BOLD response in areas of visual-sensory integration. Activation of contralateral precuneus and superior parietal lobe brain regions may be a strategy to maintain joint loading when vision is perturbed. Level of Evidence Level 3
A Clinically-Reasoned Approach to Manual Therapy in Sports Physical Therapy
Authors: Short Steven , Tuttle Matthew , Youngman Dillon 
Published: February 2023

Symptom modification techniques have been recently dichotomously labeled as either passive or active therapies. Active therapy such as exercise has been rightfully advocated for while “passive” therapies, mainly manual therapy have been regarded as low value within the physical therapy treatment spectrum. In sporting environments where physical activity and exercise are inherent to the athletic experience, the utilization of exercise-only strategies to manage pain and injury can be challenging when considering the demands and qualities of a sporting career which include chronically high internal and external workloads. Participation may be impacted by pain and its influence on related factors such as training and competition performance, career length, financial earning potential, educational opportunity, social pressures, influence of family, friends, and other key stakeholders of their athletic activity. Though highly polarizing viewpoints regarding different therapies create black and white “sides,” a pragmatic gray area regarding manual therapy exists in which proper clinical reasoning can serve to improve athlete pain and injury management. This gray area includes both historic positive reported short-term outcomes and negative historical biomechanical underpinnings that have created unfounded dogma and inappropriate overutilization. Applying symptom modification strategies to safely allow the continuation of sport and exercise requires critical thinking utilizing not only the evidence-base, but also the multi-factorial nature of sports participation and pain management. Given the risks associated with pharmacological pain management, the cost of passive modalities like biophysical agents (electrical stimulation, photobiomodulation, ultrasound, etc), and the indications from the evidence-base when combined with active therapies, manual therapy can be a safe and effective treatment strategy to keep athletes active. Level of Evidence 5
Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS) and Associated Sub-scales
Authors: Miley Emilie N. , Casanova Madeline P. , Cheatham Scott W. , Larkins Lindsay , Pickering Michael A. , Baker Russell T. 
Published: February 2023

Background Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS), HOOS-Joint Replacement (JR), HOOS Physical Function (PS), and HOOS-12 item scale have been suggested as reliable and valid instruments for assessing hip disability. However, factorial validity, invariance across subgroups, and repeated measures of the scale across different populations have not been well supported in the literature. Purpose The primary study objectives were to: (1) assess model fit and psychometric properties of the original 40-item HOOS scale, (2) assess model fit of the HOOS-JR, (3) assess model fit of the HOOS-PS, and (4) assess model fit of the HOOS-12. A secondary objective was to perform multigroup invariance testing across physical activity level and hip pathology subgroups for models that met recommended fit indices. Study Design Cross-Sectional Study Methods Individual confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) were conducted for the HOOS, HOOS-JR, HOOS-PS, and HOOS-12. Additionally, multigroup invariance testing (i.e., activity level, injury type) was conducted on the HOOS-JR and HOOS-PS. Results Model fit indices did not meet contemporary recommendations for the HOOS and the HOOS-12. Model fit indices for the HOOS-JR and the HOOS-PS met some, but not all, contemporary recommendations. Invariance criteria was met for the HOOS-JR and HOOS-PS. Conclusion The scale structure of the HOOS and HOOS-12 were not supported; however, preliminary evidence to support the scale structure of the HOOS-JR and HOOS-PS was found. Clinicians and researchers who utilize the scales should do so with caution due to their limitations and untested properties until further research establishes the full psychometric properties of these scales and recommendations for their continued use.