bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New insights into the age and origin of two small Cretaceous seamount chains proximal to the Northwestern Hawaiian Ridge
Authors: Sotomayor Arturo , Balbas Andrea , Konrad Kevin , Koppers Anthony A.P. , Konter Jasper G. , Wanless V. Dorsey , Hourigan Thomas F. , Kelley Christopher , Raineault Nicole 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Northwestern Hawaiian Ridge is an age-progressive volcanic chain sourced from the Hawaiian mantle plume. Proximal to the Northwestern Hawaiian Ridge are several clusters of smaller seamounts and ridges with limited age constraints and unknown geodynamic origins. This study presents new bathymetric data and 40Ar/39Ar age determinations from lava flow samples recovered by remotely operated vehicle (ROV) from two east–west-trending chains of seamounts that lie north of the Pūhāhonu and Mokumanamana volcanoes. The previously unexplored Naifeh Chain (28°48′N,167°48′W) and Plumeria Chain (25°36′N, 164°35′W) contain five volcanic structures each, including three guyots in the Naifeh Chain. New 40Ar/39Ar age determinations indicate that the Naifeh Chain formed ca. 88 Ma and the Plumeria Chain ca. 85 Ma. The Cretaceous ages, coupled with a perpendicular orientation of the seamounts relative to absolute Pacific plate motion at that time, eliminate either a Miocene Hawaiian volcanic arch or Cretaceous mantle-plume origin. The seamounts lie on oceanic crust that is modeled to be 10–15 Ma older than the corresponding seamounts. Here, two models are put forth to explain the origin of these enigmatic seamount chains as well as the similar nearby Mendelssohn Seamounts. (1) Diffuse lithospheric extension results in the formation of these seamounts until the initiation of the Kula-Pacific spreading center in the north at 84–79 Ma, which alleviates the tension. (2) Shear-driven upwelling of enriched mantle material beneath young oceanic lithosphere results in an age-progressive seamount track that is approximately perpendicular to the spreading ridge. Here we show that all sampled seamounts proximal to the Northwestern Hawaiian Ridge are intraplate in nature, but their formations can be attributed to both plume and plate processes.
All basic quantizations of $$D=3$$, $$N=1$$ Lorentz supersymmetry
Authors: Tolstoy V. N. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBy the supersymmetrization of a simple algebraic technique proposed in Lukierski and Tolstoy (Eur Phys J C 77:226, 2017) we obtain the complete classification of all basic (nonisomorphic) quantum deformations for the orthosymplectic Lie superalgebra $$\mathfrak {osp}(1|2;{\mathbb {C}})$$

osp
(
1
|
2
;
C
)

and its pseudoreal and real forms in terms of the classical r-matrices. In particular, we prove that pseudoreal compact form has only one quantum deformation (standart q-analog), and the $$D=3$$

D
=
3

, $$N=1$$

N
=
1

Lorentz supersymmetry, which is the non-compact real form of $$\mathfrak {osp}(1|2;{\mathbb {C}})$$

osp
(
1
|
2
;
C
)

, has four different Hopf-algebraic quantum deformations: two standard q-analogs, and two (Jordanian and super-Jordanian) twist deformations. All basic Hopf-algebraic quantum deformations are presented in the explicit form.
Optical properties of a non-commutative rotating black hole
Authors: Iftikhar Sehrish 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper explores the shadow cast by a non-commutative rotating Hayward black hole. The apparent shape as well as the size of the shadow depends upon the spin, non-commutative parameter as well as the parameter g of the said black hole. The size of the shadow decreases with g as well as the non-commutative parameter. Also, the shape of the shadow deviates from a perfect circle for the high values of g and the spin. We then discuss the rate of energy emission. Moreover, we study the impact of plasma on the size, shape as well as the rate of energy emission. We found that the plasma reduces the size and deformation of the shadow.
4D scale-dependent Schwarzschild-AdS/dS black holes: study of shadow and weak deflection angle and greybody bounding
Authors: Övgün Ali , Pantig Reggie C. , Rincón Ángel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe investigate the shadow, deflection angle, and the greybody bounding of a Schwarzschild-AdS/dS black hole in scale-dependent gravity. We used the EHT data to constrain the parameter $$\epsilon$$
ϵ
. We have found that within the $$1\sigma$$

1
σ

level of uncertainty, $$\epsilon M_0$$

ϵ

M
0

ranges at $$10^{-11} - 10^{-16}$$

10

-
11

-

10

-
16

orders of magnitude for Sgr. A*, and $$10^{-11} - 10^{-17}$$

10

-
11

-

10

-
17

for M87*. Using these parameters, we explored how the shadow radius behaves as perceived by a static observer. Using the known parameters for Sgr. A* and M87*, we found different shadow cast behavior near the cosmological horizon even if the same scaling parameters were used. We explored the deflection angle $${\hat{\alpha }}$$

α
^

in the weak field limit for both massive and null particles, in addition to the effect of finite distances using the non-asymptotically flat version of the Gauss-Bonnet theorem. We have found that the $${\hat{\alpha }}$$

α
^

strongly depends on massive particles. Tests on $$\epsilon$$
ϵ
’s effect using Sgr. A* is only along points of low impact parameters. For M87*, only the scaled BH in AdS type can be tested at high impact parameters at the expense of very low value for $${\hat{\alpha }}$$

α
^

. We study the rigorous bound on the greybody factor for scalar field emitted from black holes in the theory and show the bound on the transmission probability. The effects of the scale-dependent gravity on the greybody factors are investigated, and the results indicate that the bound on the greybody factor in this case is less than the bound for the Schwarzschild black hole.
FLASH and the FLASH2020+ project—current status and upgrades for the free-electron laser in Hamburg at DESY
Authors: Beye Martin , Gühr Markus , Hartl Ingmar , Plönjes Elke , Schaper Lucas , Schreiber Siegfried , Tiedtke Kai , Treusch Rolf 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe free-electron laser in Hamburg, FLASH, is the first extreme ultra-violet and soft X-ray free-electron laser (FEL) user facility and has been continuously upgraded since its start in 2005. Further major works are currently underway within the FLASH2020+ project that pioneeringly implements full repetition rate external seeding at a superconducting accelerator facility. With fully tunable undulators providing variable polarization FEL pulses, we expect FLASH to turn into the ideal spectroscopy machine for ultrafast processes within the coming years.
Geodiversity estimate of the Arxan–Chaihe Volcanic Field extending across two geoparks in Inner Mongolia, NE China
Authors: Li Bo-xin , Németh Karoly , Zakharovskyi Vladyslav , Palmer Julie , Palmer Alan , Proctor Jonathan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

The Arxan–Chaihe Volcanic Field is located SW of the Great Xing'an Range in Inner Mongolia, NE China. This monogenetic volcanic field formed in the Pleistocene, with its latest activity a fissure eruption
c.
2000 years ago. Here we present the first geodiversity estimate for the region, applying a method combining the geomorphological and geological elements into a grading system, weighting their rarity, significance and uniqueness. To outline the geomorphological diversity, the geomorphon concept was used alongside a watershed analysis of the theoretical fluvial network of the region. In addition volcanic geomorphological elements were provided. Available geological maps, field surveys and volcano geology classification were utilized for the geological diversity estimates. Geology and geomorphology are the core parameters of the qualitative–quantitative assessment of geodiversity. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) were used for calculations of geomorphological and geological parameters to provide geodiversity estimates for the Arxan–Chaihe Volcanic Field region. The variables used to estimate the geodiversity include geology (rock rareness from a global perspective) and geomorphology (slope variations). In addition we used channel systems and terrain characterization (geomorphon) to describe the morphodiversity of the study area. Our study assessed recent volcanic features and concluded that they have a high geodiversity and elevated geoheritage value. However, the uplifted and structurally complicated old terrains with mature fluvial networks provide high geomorphological diversity to the region, therefore keeping the overall geodiversity score high.
A Mathematical Model on the Dynamics of In-Host Infection Cholera Disease with Vaccination
Authors: Jackob Owade Kennedy , Akinyi Okaka , Tireito Frankline 
Published: March 2023

In this paper, a within-host cholera mathematical model has been developed using a system of ordinary differential equations incorporating vaccine efficacy. The formulated model considers cells in an already vaccinated individual with a vaccine whose efficacy is

γ

. The solutions of the model have been shown to be both positive and bounded hence well-posed. The vaccine basic reproduction number has been carried out using the next generation matrix approach and is given by

R

0
V

=

γ
/

d
+

μ

2

and

R

0
V

<
1

if

γ
<

d
+

μ

2

. Analysis of the model shows that

i
n
f
e
c
t
i
o
n

f
r
e
e

e
q
u
i
l
i
b
r
i
u
m

I
F
E

point is both locally and globally asymptotically stable when

R

0
V

<
1

and

i
n
f
e
c
t
i
o
n

e
q
u
i
l
i
b
r
i
u
m

I
E

point is locally asymptotically stable when

R

0
V

>
1

. Furthermore, analysis of the model shows that

R

0
V

<
1

is not sufficient enough to eradicate in-host cholera disease, hence the existence of backward bifurcation which is an indication as to why cholera disease is persistent. To highlight the relevance of vaccine efficacy, a numerical simulation of the model with respect to vaccination is carried out and shows that when the vaccine efficacy

γ

is high, there will be a lower infection rate of cells, hence the need to improve cholera vaccine efficacy.
Comprehensive Metabolic Tracing Reveals the Origin and Catabolism of Cysteine in Mammalian Tissues and Tumors
Authors: Yoon Sang Jun , Combs Joseph A. , Falzone Aimee , Prieto-Farigua Nicolas , Caldwell Samantha , Ackerman Hayley D. , Flores Elsa R. , DeNicola Gina M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Cysteine plays critical roles in cellular biosynthesis, enzyme catalysis, and redox metabolism. The intracellular cysteine pool can be sustained by cystine uptake or de novo synthesis from serine and homocysteine. Demand for cysteine is increased during tumorigenesis for generating glutathione to deal with oxidative stress. While cultured cells have been shown to be highly dependent on exogenous cystine for proliferation and survival, how diverse tissues obtain and use cysteine in vivo has not been characterized. We comprehensively interrogated cysteine metabolism in normal murine tissues and cancers that arise from them using stable isotope 13C1-serine and 13C6-cystine tracing. De novo cysteine synthesis was highest in normal liver and pancreas and absent in lung tissue, while cysteine synthesis was either inactive or downregulated during tumorigenesis. In contrast, cystine uptake and metabolism to downstream metabolites was a universal feature of normal tissues and tumors. However, differences in glutathione labeling from cysteine were evident across tumor types. Thus, cystine is a major contributor to the cysteine pool in tumors, and glutathione metabolism is differentially active across tumor types.

Significance:
Stable isotope 13C1-serine and 13C6-cystine tracing characterizes cysteine metabolism in normal murine tissues and its rewiring in tumors using genetically engineered mouse models of liver, pancreas, and lung cancers.
Overcoming Barriers to Tumor Genomic Profiling through Direct-to-Patient Outreach
Authors: Doe-Tetteh Seyram A. , Camp Sabrina Y. , Reales Dalicia , Crowdis Jett , Noronha Anne Marie , Wolff Bernadette , Alano Tina , Galle Jesse , Selcuklu S. Duygu , Viale Agnes , Socci Nicholas D. , Liu Ying L. , Tew William P. , Aghajanian Carol , Ladanyi Marc , He Meng Xiao , AlDubayan Saud H. , Mazor Roei David , Shpilberg Ofer , Hershkovitz-Rokah Oshrat , Riancho Jose A. , Hernandez Jose L. , Gonzalez-Vela M. Carmen , Buthorn Justin J. , Wilson Manda , Webber Amy E. , Yabe Mariko , Petrova-Drus Kseniya , Rosenblum Marc , Durham Benjamin H. , Abdel-Wahab Omar , Berger Michael F. , Donoghue Mark T.A. , Kung Andrew L. , Glade Bender Julia , Shukla Neerav N. , Funt Samuel A. , Dogan Ahmet , Soslow Robert A. , Al-Ahmadie Hikmat , Feldman Darren R. , Van Allen Eliezer M. , Diamond Eli L. , Solit David B. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
To overcome barriers to genomic testing for patients with rare cancers, we initiated a program to offer free clinical tumor genomic testing worldwide to patients with select rare cancer subtypes.

Experimental Design:
Patients were recruited through social media outreach and engagement with disease-specific advocacy groups, with a focus on patients with histiocytosis, germ cell tumors (GCT), and pediatric cancers. Tumors were analyzed using the MSK-IMPACT next-generation sequencing assay with the return of results to patients and their local physicians. Whole-exome recapture was performed for female patients with GCTs to define the genomic landscape of this rare cancer subtype.

Results:
A total of 333 patients were enrolled, and tumor tissue was received for 288 (86.4%), with 250 (86.8%) having tumor DNA of sufficient quality for MSK-IMPACT testing. Eighteen patients with histiocytosis have received genomically guided therapy to date, of whom 17 (94%) have had clinical benefit with a mean treatment duration of 21.7 months (range, 6–40+). Whole-exome sequencing of ovarian GCTs identified a subset with haploid genotypes, a phenotype rarely observed in other cancer types. Actionable genomic alterations were rare in ovarian GCT (28%); however, 2 patients with ovarian GCTs with squamous transformation had high tumor mutational burden, one of whom had a complete response to pembrolizumab.

Conclusions:
Direct-to-patient outreach can facilitate the assembly of cohorts of rare cancers of sufficient size to define their genomic landscape. By profiling tumors in a clinical laboratory, results could be reported to patients and their local physicians to guide treatment.
See related commentary by Desai and Subbiah, p. 2339
Abstract ED11-2: HER2 positive breast cancer
Authors: Gianni Luca , Bianchini Giampaolo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Neoadjuvant therapy of HER2+ breast cancer has been groundbreaking. It showed the superior results in terms of pathologic complete response (pCR) and event free survival (EFS) of adding trastuzumab to chemotherapy in women with locally advanced breast cancer (NOAH trial) that led to the first regulatory approval of a neoadjuvant approach in the field of breast cancer. In addition, neoadjuvant studies (NeoSphere, neoALLTO) clearly showed the improved antitumor activity of dual blockade of the HER2 receptor, paved the way to the Aphinity adjuvant study and justified the current worldwide use of dual black of HER2 in high/moderate risk HER2+ early breast cancer.
In the above scenario the design and results of the Katherine study were a landmark achievement. By proving the clinical value of shifting treatment from trastuzumab to trastuzumab-DM1 in women with residual disease after neoadjuvant therapy the study provided firm clinical evidence that residual disease can be used as a surrogate of relative resistance that per se justifies the adoption of alternative non cross resistant regimens/therapies at the individual level.
The clinical success of neoadjuvant trials in HER2+ early breast cancer went hand-to-hand with translational studies that that are identifying markers predicting for pCR and EFS that are and will be used to fine tuning a more individually tailored approach to treatment, and eventually effective and safe de-escalation strategies.
The rich collection of neoadjuvant studies that shaped the modern approach to treatment of women with early HER2+ breast cancer will be enriched of studies with new drugs, trastuzumab deruxtecan and tucatinib to name some of the front runners. All current and future treatments will greatly depend on the neoadjuvant approach as a tool for a quick assessment of the clinical value of new therapies. Such approach has so far been used as basis or supporting evidence for regulatory approvals worldwide, based on the concept that pCR can be viewed as surrogate of long-term benefit. Individual trials and meta-analyses are challenging the dependability of pCR to predict EFS at trial level. However, the benefits of tumor eradication (pCR) at individual level continue to support the simple clinical concept that more pCR is better and that regimens leading to it deserve full credit.
Acknowledgment: The work of Luca Gianni is supported by grants of the BCRF
Citation Format: Luca Gianni, Giampaolo Bianchini. HER2 positive breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr ED11-2.
Abstract ED13-2: Radiation therapy and cardiovascular disease in breast cancer
Authors: Bergom Carmen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This presentation will review the topic of radiation-induced cardiac dysfunction in patients with breast cancer. Specific areas of discussion include the a review of the cardiac-sparing techniques available for radiation therapy in breast cancer treatment; guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cardiac dysfunction after radiation exposure in patients with breast cancer; and new areas of research in the field of radiation-induced cardiac disease in breast cancer. Emerging knowledge of how concurrent systemic therapies may interact with radiation to affect heart function will also be discussed. In addition, future directions in the field of radiation-induced heart dysfunction will be reviewed.
Citation Format: Carmen Bergom. Radiation therapy and cardiovascular disease in breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr ED13-2.
Abstract ED3-3: Oncofertility and other quality of life issues
Authors: Lambertini Matteo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The current availability of effective systemic treatment strategies has significantly improved the prognosis of patients with early breast cancer. However, this survival gain is often obtained at the cost of higher toxicity. The increase in life span among breast cancer survivors calls for the need to address both early and late potential adverse effects of anticancer therapies to maximize their quality of life. Among them, the potential gonadotoxicity of anticancer therapies and its implications on fertility and ovarian function need to be discussed with all young patients. According to available guidelines, oncofertility counseling should now be considered mandatory in the care of young women with newly diagnosed cancer. This counselling should focus on the risk of developing treatment-induced premature ovarian insufficiency and on the available techniques to preserve fertility and/or ovarian function. Oocyte/embryo cryopreservation, or ovarian tissue cryopreservation in those not eligible for gamete cryopreservation, are standard strategies to be offered to young patients interested in preserving fertility, i.e. to increase their chances of post-treatment pregnancies. Ovarian suppression with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) during chemotherapy can be offered to premenopausal patients interested in ovarian function preservation, i.e. to decrease their risk of developing chemotherapy-induced early menopause.
Current available data confirm that pregnancy occurring following proper treatment for breast cancer and period of follow-up is safe, both in terms of long-term clinical outcomes for the patients and safety for the babies. However, there is a slightly higher incidence of obstetric and birth complications that require the need for a closer monitoring of these pregnancies.
Beyond fertility and pregnancy-related issues, a long-term follow-up of young women with breast cancer by the oncofertility unit is recommended for improving the management of other additional gynecological-related issues faced by these women. Among them, contraception should be considered during active treatment and in the follow-up of women who do not wish to get pregnant. Moreover, in the current era of more complex endocrine therapy approaches with a major negative impact on the quality of life of premenopausal patients with breast cancer, it is essential to properly and proactively care about their treatment-related side effects. Among them, menopause related-symptoms and sexual dysfunction may be better managed by implementing a close collaboration between oncologists and gynecologists within the oncofertility unit.
Citation Format: Matteo Lambertini. Oncofertility and other quality of life issues [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr ED3-3.
Abstract ED5-1: Early palliative care
Authors: Kaufmann Tara 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This education session will review early palliative care in oncology and applications in patients with metastatic breast cancer. This presentation provides an overview of the field of research in early palliative care for patients with advanced solid tumors and discusses considerations specific to breast cancer. The speaker will present current challenges that we face in integrating palliative care into our practice and future areas for clinical innovation and research in palliative care. The speaker will present practical tips for how breast oncologists can deliver early palliative care to patients. The speaker will present guiding principles on when to consider referral to interdisciplinary, specialty palliative care.
Citation Format: Tara Kaufmann. Early palliative care [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr ED5-1.
Abstract ED8-2: The role of advanced radiation technology in reducing toxicity
Authors: Mitchell Melissa 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Over the past decade, breast cancer radiotherapy has increasingly focused on techniques to improve treatment precision and limit toxicity. Surface guided radiotherapy and respiratory gating has allowed for improved cardiac sparing and the elimination of permanent skin tattoos in women receiving breast radiation, while rapid developments in the technological delivery of radiation via both volumetric arc therapy and proton beam radiation have shown promise in further improving target coverage and normal tissue sparing for breast cancer patients. Cutting edge innovations, including MR-guided radiotherapy and FLASH technology are now being explored as means to further improve treatment precision and decrease toxicity. The purpose of this talk is to highlight and discuss these advances in radiotherapy, review the existing evidence to support their use in the treatment of breast cancer, and detail specific patient populations that are most likely to benefit. Discussion will also focus on ongoing and future research aimed at improving our understanding and utilization of these novel advances in care.
Citation Format: Melissa Mitchell. The role of advanced radiation technology in reducing toxicity [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr ED8-2.