bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral morphine induces spinal 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) release using an opioid receptor‐independent mechanism
Authors: Nakamura Shingo , Komatsu Shuji , Yamada Toshihiko , Kitahara Hiromi , Yamamoto Tatsuo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMorphine induces spinal 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) release, but the role and mechanism of the spinal 5‐HT release induced by morphine are not well understood. The purpose of this study was to define the role and mechanism of spinal 5‐HT release induced by oral morphine. We also examined whether persistent pain affected the spinal 5‐HT release induced by oral morphine. Spinal 5‐HT release was measured using microdialysis of lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Two opioids, morphine and oxycodone, were orally administered and 5‐HT release was measured in awake rats. Naloxone and β‐funaltrexamine (β‐FNA) were used to determine whether the effect of morphine on 5‐HT release was mediated by opioid receptor activation. To study persistent pain, a formalin test was used. At 45 min after oral morphine administration, the formalin test was started and spinal 5‐HT release was measured. Oral morphine, but not oral oxycodone, increased 5‐HT release at the spinal cord to approximately 4000% of the baseline value. This effect of morphine was not antagonized by either naloxone or β‐FNA at a dose that antagonized the antinociceptive effect of morphine. Formalin‐induced persistent pain itself had no effect on spinal 5‐HT release but enhanced the oral morphine‐induced spinal 5‐HT release. Oral morphine‐induced spinal 5‐HT release was not mediated by opioid receptor activation. Spinal 5‐HT induced by oral morphine did not play a major role in the antinociceptive effect of morphine in the hot plate test. Persistent pain increased oral morphine‐induced spinal 5‐HT release.
Tripartite Entanglement Extraction from the Black Hole Vacuum
Authors: Membrere Ireneo James , Gallock‐Yoshimura Kensuke , Henderson Laura J. , Mann Robert B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe first investigation of tripartite entanglement harvesting in the vicinity of a black hole is carried out. Working in the context of a static Bañados–Teitelboim–Zanelli (BTZ) black hole spacetime the authors find that it is possible to harvest tripartite entanglement in regions where harvesting of bipartite entanglement is known to be impossible due to intense Hawking radiation. In these situations, it implies that the harvested entanglement is of the Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) type.
Efficient Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Reaction on CuO Immobilized Stainless‐Steel Electrode Prepared by the SILAR Method
Authors: Islam Md. Nurnobi , Ahmed Jahir , Faisal Mohd , Algethami Jari S , Aoki Kentaro , Nagao Yuki , Harraz Farid A. , Hasnat Mohammad A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe development of cost‐effective and efficient catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) has been a subject of intense research for sustainable and clean energy in recent decades. For this purpose, CuO‐modified stainless steel (CuO‐SS) electrode was fabricated to attain HER in acidic media. Here in, CuO film was fabricated on a stainless steel (SS) surface following successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method. A 60‐cycle CuO modification resulted in enhanced HER activity compared to the bare SS or CuO electrode with an average 99 % Faradic efficiency. Based on the Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), at an HER potential, the bare SS electrode exhibited charge transfer resistance of 24.7 Ω whereas CuO‐SS electrode exhibited 6.47 Ω only. The overpotential was calculated to be 154 mV at the CuO‐SS electrode regarding HER. The results have significant implications for the development of cost‐effective and efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogen production.
Benzothiazole‐Hydrazone Chromophores: Synthesis, Solvatochromism, Computational and Antimycobacterial Activity Studies
Authors: Yadav C Kiran , Basavaraju Manjunatha , Mussuvir Pasha Kuntewale Mohiyouddin , Samuel Johnson , Nandeshwarappa Belakatte P 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCoumarin and its heterocyclic derivatives have been receiving tremendous attention from synthetic and medicinal chemists owing to their remarkable application in material science as well as pharmacological applications. In the current study, a series of coumarin‐coupled benzothiazole hydrazone compounds were synthesized by a two‐step process, post which their structural features were investigated with the aid of various spectroscopic techniques. The novel synthesized chromophores displayed an electronic absorption band in a range of 358–428 nm and exhibited a positive solvatochromism character as well as a high molar absorption coefficient in the studied solvents. HOMO‐LUMO gap, quantum parameters, and various other pharmacokinetics and ADME‐T properties of these compounds were investigated through the computational approach. Biological activity assays revealed that all compounds displayed excellent antibacterial activity compared to the Amoxicillin and have also been studied for their antimycobacterial efficacy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Furthermore, molecular docking studies was performed with enoyl‐acyl carrier protein reductase (InhA).
On the perception of graph layouts
Authors: Grabinger Lisa , Hauser Florian , Mottok Jürgen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn the field of software engineering, graph‐based models are used for a variety of applications. Usually, the layout of those graphs is determined at the discretion of the user. This article empirically investigates whether different layouts affect the comprehensibility or popularity of a graph and whether one can predict the perception of certain aspects in the graph using basic graphical laws from psychology (i.e., Gestalt principles). Data on three distinct layouts of one causal graph is collected from 29 subjects using eye tracking and a print questionnaire. The evaluation of the collected data suggests that the layout of a graph does matter and that the Gestalt principles are a valuable tool for assessing partial aspects of a layout.
Multivalued Memory via Freezing of Super‐Hard Magnetic Domains in a Quasi 2D‐Magnet
Authors: Mentré Olivier , Leclercq Bastien , Arevalo‐Lopez Angel M. , Pautrat Alain , Petit Sylvain , Minaud Claire , Daviero‐Minaud Sylvie , Hovhannisyan Razmik A. , Stolyarov Vasily S. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe design of high‐density non‐volatile memories is a long‐standing dream, limited by conventional storage “0” or “1” bits. An alternative paradigm exists in which regions within candidate materials can be magnetized to intermediate values between the saturation limits. In principle, this paves the way to multivalued bits, vastly increasing storage density. Single‐molecule magnets, are good examples offering transitions between intramolecular quantum levels, but require ultra‐low temperatures and limited relaxation time between magnetization states. It is showed here that the quasi 2D‐Ising compound BaFe2(PO4)2 overcomes these limitations. The combination of giant magneto‐crystalline anisotropy, strong ferromagnetic exchange, and strong intrinsic pinning creates remarkably narrow magnetic domain walls, collectively freezing under Tf ≈15 K. This results in a transition from a soft to a super‐hard magnet (coercive force > 14 T). Any magnetization can then be printed and robustly protected from external fields with an energy barrier >9T at 2 K.
Numerical study on wind pressure characteristics of Chinese yurt building under downburst wind
Authors: Xu Fan , Ji Baifeng , Xiong Qian , Liu Guangyi , Qiu Penghui , Xing Panpan , Liu Hui , Xu Shuaijun 
Published: July 2023

SummaryInner Mongolia is a high‐frequency thunderstorm region in China, and the downburst caused by the thunderstorm weather is a severe threat to buildings. In order to study the influence of downburst on the wind pressure characteristics of the yurt building, the wind field model of the yurt building under downburst is established based on the computational fluid dynamics method, and the effect of the wall treatment method and turbulence model on the numerical simulation of wind pressure of the yurt building under downburst is analyzed. The results demonstrate that the maximum positive pressure at the windward side of the yurt building occurs at 3/4 of the yurt building height under downburst, and the maximum negative pressure at the roof of the yurt building appears at the center of the roof. Compared with the experimental results, the Shear Stress Transport (SST) k‐ω model is suitable for simulating both sides of the yurt building, while the Reynolds Stress equation Model (RSM) is suitable for simulating the windward side, roof, and leeward of the yurt building. The enhanced wall treatment is appropriate for simulating the remaining sides of the yurt building while the standard wall function is appropriate for simulating both sides of the building.
Formulation, calibration, and validation of hybrid and coupled models for the design of upflow anaerobic filters in multiple separated stages for organic matter removal from sanitary landfill leachates
Authors: Maldonado‐Maldonado Julio , Márquez‐Romance Adriana , Guevara‐Pérez Edilberto 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the formulation, calibration, and validation of hybrid and coupled models for the design of upflow anaerobic filters in multiple separated stages were developed for organic matter removal from sanitary landfill leachates. Three novelties were presented, the type of reactor, design models, and kinetic coefficients. The upflow anaerobic filters were separated into two and three stages identified as UAF‐2SS (DI‐FAFS, in Spanish) and UAF‐3SS (TRI‐FAFS, in Spanish). The formulation, calibration, and validation of mathematical structures of hybrid models and five coupled models are proposed for each reactor. The hybrid models are based on the law of mass conservation, with the organic matter transformation component within the UAF‐2SS and UAF‐3SS reactors, being estimated from empirical equations that have been tested in aerobic culture reactors, adapted to the experimental factors, including among these, those under a non‐stationary—advective conditions based on Velz's Law, Phelps's Law, and Monod's equation. The coupled models combine the components of the molecular transport by biosorption and molecular diffusion processes, with adaptations of the Stack's equation and Fick's Law, as well as transformation of organic substrates by biomass, whose kinetic coefficients contribute to explain the fraction, in which, the processes of mobility and biochemical transformation of the organic matter are occurring in the biomass within the bioreactors.
Effect of anti‐fouling organotin compound (TBTCl) and the ameliorative role of spirulina on Lamellidens marginalis
Authors: Sharma Sthitaprajna Nath , Nayak Susri , Pradhan Smruti Prajna , Nayak Subhashree , Nayak Pratyusha , Patnaik Lipika 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOrganotin compounds (OTs) belong to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) group and are capable of persisting up to 40 years due to their chemical nature. Tributyltin (TBT) is an anti‐fouling agent and can easily leach out into water threatening the aquatic life. Molluscs are sensitive towards the presence of toxins in their surrounding environment and respond accordingly to overcome stress conditions. Lamellidens marginalis, a freshwater bivalve is popular for its food value and pink pearls. The present study focuses on the effect of Tributyltin chloride (TBTCl), a form of TBT, on Lamellidens marginalis under laboratory conditions. The 96 h median lethal concentration (LC50) was calculated to be 1 mg L−1. Bivalves were segregated into three sub‐groups that is, group I; control, group II; experimental (treated with 0.2 mg L−1 TBTCl that is, 1/5th of LC50 value), group III; experimental (treated with 0.2 mg L−1 TBTCl + 0.003% w/v spirulina). A static non‐renewal toxicity assay was performed for 96 h. Estimation of total protein, acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and glycogen was carried out. An overall decrease in the total protein, ACP, ALP, glycogen, and ALT was observed in both the experimental groups (Groups II and III) in comparison to the control group whereas, the concentration of AST was found to increase in hepatopancreas. Integrated biomarker response index (IBR) value was calculated to be 12.60 for control and 10.56 and 11.29 for groups II and III, respectively in hepatopancreas. Similarly, in gill tissue the values were 3.69, 1.37, and 3.43, respectively. After treatment with nutritional supplement spirulina, a higher BRI (biomarker response index) value of 3.3 for group III was observed, suggesting the therapeutic role of spirulina in test organisms. BRI value derived for group II was 2.7 indicating more severity of TBTCl compared to group III in the absence of spirulina.
Bismuth‐Rich Intermetallic Rods with a Note of Zintl‐Phase
Authors: Herz Maria Annette , Finzel Kati , Schnelle Walter , Ruck Michael 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBlack needle‐shaped crystals of the bismuth‐rich mixed halogenide Bi21Rh4Cl6I7were obtained by slow cooling of a melt of Bi, RhI3and BiCl3. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction revealed an orthorhombic structure that consists of infinite intermetallic rodsBi9Rh2]3+and discrete anionic groups [BiII2Cl2I5]3−and [BiIIICl4I2]3−. The rods consist of Rh‐centered [RhBi8] polyhedra that alternately share triangular and rectangular faces. Using traditional electron counting rules, the rod can be interpreted as a covalent polymer with Rh2dumbbells bonded to molecular Bi2and Bi5units. However, a quantum‐chemical bonding analysis shows that the bonds involving Rh atoms are largely diffuse, while two‐center bonds dominate in the bismuth units. The below 240 K observed semiconducting behavior of Bi21Rh4Cl6I7is consistent with a complete localization of the valence electrons. Above 240 K, the resistance along the needle axis is largely independent of temperature.
Sales Forecasting During the COVID-19 Pandemic for Stock Management
Authors: Yildirim Enver , Cam Veli , Balki Fatih , Sarp Salih 
Published: July 2023

AbstractStock management is very important for the companies to supply necessary demand for the products they sell, to pricing the products and to the aspect of storage cost. In stock management, the products to be sold to the customer are procured by ordering from the vendors. The orders given to the vendors are determined by estimating the sales quantities of the products. When estimating sales, if we order in large quantities, the storage and expiration dates of the products may exceed, or if we order less than demand, the customer cannot find the product in the store. With the Covid-19 pandemic entering our lives, there have been some changes in our habits. One of these changes is the change in shopping habits of people due to the isolation period. By managing this change in terms of stock management on the store side, it ensures that people can reach the products they demand in these difficult times and that companies do not create extra costs by making more stock than necessary. We made a sales forecast on 5-lt sunflower oil which is a basic food product using the data of a grocery chain with machine learning methods and developed models to use these forecasts in stock management. Our data is multivariate and contains both quantitative and qualitative features. In our study, we used the supervised learning method and the XGBoost, LGBMRegressor and Ridge models used in many machine learning projects. As a result of our studies, an improvement of approximately 25% has emerged with the features we added specifically for the pandemic.
Improved Vehicle Logo Detection and Recognition for Complex Traffic Environments Using Deep Learning Based Unwarping of Extracted Logo Regions in Varying Angles
Authors: Sultan Zamra , Farooq Muhammad Umar , Raza Rana Hammad 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntelligent Traffic Monitoring and Management System (TMMS) is a growing research area as cities infrastructure continues to evolve. Traffic situation is demanding innovative solutions for effective monitoring and management given the complex nature of the urban scenario. A major focus of this research domain is fine-grained vehicles classification that requires detection and recognition of distinct features of vehicles. Some of these features are semantic based while others are appearance based. One such appearance-based feature of a vehicle is its logo. Logo detection helps with identification of a vehicle’s make during fine-grained classification process. There are various deep learning methods which give good performance for such object detection tasks. However, it is challenging to exploit these methods due to smaller size of logo especially in a surveillance environment. This work firstly presents a deep learning-based approach for detection of vehicles’ logos in camera video feeds. Due to small size of logos, a unique pipeline using three different deep learning models is designed. Firstly, a modified Improved Warped Planar Object Detection Network (IWPOD-NET) selects a Region of Interest (ROI) and adjusts the orientation of vehicle logo. Then YOLO (You Only Look Once) v5 is used to detect the logo part in the selected ROI and finally, EfficientNet is used to further classify logo into different classes. This pipeline is tested on four surveillance environments namely toll control, law enforcement, dashcam, and parking lot access control. Comparative analysis shows accuracy improvement with this proposed approach in each testing case. A pose variance analysis is also performed to determine the orientation limits to which this approach can work. Secondly, a custom dataset, VL-10 (Vehicle Logos) is presented which provided further insights into the challenges w.r.t local environment settings. The whole approach improved the overall performance of the logo detection and recognition system.
Predicting Music Using Machine Learning
Authors: Asesh Aishwarya 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe intricate temporally prolonged sequences seen in music make it a perfect environment for the study of prediction. Melody, harmony, and rhythm are three examples of the structural elements found in music. This research incorporates music excerpts prediction by understanding structural details using Markov chain and LSTM models. The novel approach compares to state-of-the-art algorithms by predicting how a musical excerpt would continue after being given as input. To compare the variations in prediction and learning, different learning models with different input feature representations were utilized. This algorithm envisions multitude of usage including next generation music recommendation system using intra-sequence matching, pitch-tone correction, amongst others by integrating with recent advances in deep learning, computer vision, and speech techniques.
Fürsprache als rhetorische Sprechsituation und die Geschichte der Rhetorik
Authors: Campe Rüdiger 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungUm die Beziehung der Rhetorik zum Recht geht es in diesem Abriss aus dem Gesichtspunkt der Fürsprache oder des advokatorischen Sprechens. An der so in den Blick kommenden Stelle hängen in der Tradition Europas Institution und Sprechform, Einzelheiten der sprachlichen Verfahren und übergreifende Zielsetzungen der Redekunst im Ansatz aneinander.
Rhetorik in China. Han Feizi (ca. 280–233 v. Chr.) über Schwierigkeiten politischer Berater
Authors: Emmerich Reinhard 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungDas vormoderne China kannte keine Disziplin der Rhetorik, ebenso wie im Gegensatz zur griechisch-römischen Antike eine systematische Ausbildung in Grammatik und Logik der gehobenen chinesischen Bildung fremd waren. Gleichwohl haben frühe chinesische Denker darüber nachgedacht, wie politische Ideen in einem Milieu autokratischer Herrscherhöfe erfolgversprechend zu lancieren seien. Zu den wichtigsten unter ihnen gehört Han Fei (ca. 280–233 v. Chr.), auch Han Feizi, „Meister Han Fei“, der in seinem Heimatstaat lange vergebens politischen Einfluss zu erlangen versuchte und als Gesandter an den aufstrebenden Staat Qin im dortigen Gefängnis den Tod fand. In den wahrscheinlich zu unterschiedlichen Zeiten seines Lebens verfassten und unterschiedlichen Gattungen zugehörigen, aber inhaltlich verwandten Schriften „Shui nan“ und „Nan yan“ hat sich Han Fei mit einiger Systematik zu Schwierigkeiten des politischen Beratens geäußert und dabei besonders psychologische Unwägbarkeiten hervorgehoben. Im Folgenden werden die beiden Texte, denen chinesische Kommentatoren viel Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt haben, übersetzt und interpretiert.
Inventio und ars topica zwischen Rhetorik, Naturwissenschaft und Poetik
Authors: Mengaldo Elisabetta 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Aufsatz behandelt die Geschichte der Begriffe inventio/Erfindung und ars topica/Topik am Kreuzweg von klassisch-humanistischer Rhetorik, moderner Experimentalwissenschaft und Ästhetik. Zwischen dem späten Humanismus und dem letzten Drittel des 18. Jahrhunderts – so die leitende These – hat sich eine semantische Spaltung bei den Begriffen inventio/ars inveniendi einerseits und Topik/ars topica andererseits vollzogen, die zunehmend entgegengesetzte ‚Haltungen‘ beschreiben: Inventio(n) markiert das Neue und Unerwartete, das häufig ein Produkt des Zufalls ist, während Topik mit der alten Rhetorik und einem ‚extraktiven‘ Moment assoziiert wird, nämlich mit der Wiederauffindung bereits vorhandener Erkenntnisse bzw. Ideen. Diese komplexe Geschichte wird anhand von Textbeispielen aus Galilei, Francis Bacon, Erasmus und Locke bis zur Mitte des 18. Jahrhunderts (Baumgarten, die französische Enzyklopädie) umrissen. Der letzte Abschnitt ist Lichtenbergs privaten Notizbüchern – den sogenannten Sudelbüchern – gewidmet, die an der Kreuzung der „zwei Kulturen“ (C. P. Snow) entstanden sind und sich für die skizzierte Fragestellung als besonders ergiebig erweisen.
Rhetoriken: Drei Stück
Authors: Seibert Thomas-Michael 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungDie alte Gerichtsrede hat sich verändert. Neuzeitlich und in der Position des Gerichts oder der herrschenden Verwaltung praktiziert man Sachlichkeit (1). Weder die nach Rechtsgrundsätzen agierende Verwaltung noch gar das unparteiliche Gericht wollen und dürfen sich Gefühlsausbrüche leisten. Anders ist das bei allen juristischen Funktionsträgern, die in bezahltem Parteiauftrag handeln, vor allem bei Verteidigern. Dort existiert je nach Verfahren auch eine postmoderne Kampfrhetorik (2), die den Verteidiger als Angreifer erscheinen lässt. „Konfliktverteidigung” heißt die inzwischen eingeführte Vokabel. Neben der Rhetorik der Sachlichkeit und des Konflikts taucht am Ende eine weitere wenig beschriebene und nicht gelehrte informale Prozessrhetorik (3) auf, die herbeiführt, was weder Kampf noch Sachlichkeit leisten.
Self-avoiding walks of specified lengths on rectangular grid graphs
Authors: Major László , Németh László , Pahikkala Anna , Szalay László 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe investigation of self-avoiding walks on graphs has an extensive literature. We study the notion of wrong steps of self-avoiding walks on rectangular shape$$n\times m$$n×mgrids of square cells (Manhattan graphs) and examine some general and special cases. We determine the number of self-avoiding walks with one and with two wrong steps in general. We also establish some properties, like unimodality and sum of the rows of the Pascal-like triangles corresponding to the walks. We also present particular recurrence relations on the number of self-avoiding walks on the$$n\times 2$$n×2grids with any specified number of wrong steps.