bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sphingosine-1-phosphate levels are inversely associated with left ventricular and atrial chamber volume and cardiac mass in men
Authors: Schielke Jan , Ittermann Till , Groß Stefan , Moritz Eileen , Nauck Matthias , Friedrich Nele , Schwedhelm Edzard , Rauch Bernhard H. , Völzke Henry , Bülow Robin , Chamling Bishwas , Felix Stephan Burkhard , Bahls Martin , Dörr Marcus , Markus Marcello Ricardo Paulista 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Aims
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a signaling lipid, which is involved in several cellular processes including cell growth, proliferation, migration and apoptosis. The associations of serum S1P levels with cardiac geometry and function are still not clear. We investigated the associations of S1P with cardiac structure and systolic function in a population-based sample.

Methods and results
We performed cross-sectional analyses of 858 subjects (467 men; 54.4%), aged 22 to 81 years, from a sub-sample of the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP-TREND-0). We analyzed the associations of serum S1P with structural and systolic function left ventricular (LV) and left atrial (LA) parameters as determined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using sex-stratified multivariable-adjusted linear regression models. In men, MRI data showed that a 1 µmol/L lower S1P concentration was associated with an 18.1 mL (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.66–32.6; p = 0.014) larger LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), a 0.46 mm (95% CI 0.04–0.89; p = 0.034) greater LV wall thickness (LVWT) and a 16.3 g (95% CI 6.55–26.1; p = 0.001) higher LV mass (LVM). S1P was also associated with a 13.3 mL/beat (95% CI 4.49–22.1; p = 0.003) greater LV stroke volume (LVSV), an 18.7 cJ (95% CI 6.43–30.9; p = 0.003) greater LV stroke work (LVSW) and a 12.6 mL (95% CI 1.03–24.3; p = 0.033) larger LA end-diastolic volume (LAEDV). We did not find any significant associations in women.

Conclusions
In this population-based sample, lower levels of S1P were associated with higher LV wall thickness and mass, larger LV and LA chamber sizes and greater stroke volume and work of the LV in men, but not in women. Our results indicate that lower levels of S1P were associated with parameters related with cardiac geometry and systolic function in men, but not in women.

Graphical abstract
Moderators uncertainty tolerance (UT) in healthcare: a systematic review
Authors: Yap Ana , Johanesen Priscilla , Walsh Chris 
Published: April 2023

AbstractUncertainty tolerance (UT) is integral to healthcare. Providers’ responses to medical uncertainty has ramifications on the healthcare system, the healthcare provider and the patient. Understanding healthcare providers’ UT, is important for improving patient-care outcomes. Understanding whether and to what extent it is possible to modulate individuals’ perceptions and responses to medical uncertainty, can provide insights into mechanisms for support for training and education. The objectives of this review were to further characterize moderators of healthcare UT and explore moderator influences on the perceptions and responses to uncertainty experienced by healthcare professionals. Framework analysis of qualitative primary literature was conducted on 17 articles, focusing on the impacts of UT on healthcare providers. Three domains of moderators were identified and characterized relating to the healthcare provider’s personal attributes, patient-derived uncertainty and the healthcare system. These domains were further categorized into themes and subthemes. Results suggest these moderators influence perceptions and responses to healthcare uncertainty across a spectrum ranging from positive to negative to uncertain. In this way, UT could be a state-based construct within healthcare settings and is contextually determined. Our findings further characterize the integrative model of uncertainty tolerance (IMUT) (Hillen Social Science and Medicine 180, 62–75, 2017) and provide evidence for the relationship between moderators and their influences on cognitive, emotional and behavioral responses to uncertainty. These findings provide a foundation for understanding the complex nature of the UT construct, add to theory development, and provide groundwork for future research exploring appropriate support for training and education in healthcare fields.
Oceanic bottom mixed layer in the Clarion-Clipperton Zone: potential influence on deep-seabed mining plume dispersal
Authors: Chen Si-Yuan Sean , Ouillon Raphael , Muñoz-Royo Carlos , Peacock Thomas 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe oceanic bottom mixed layer (BML) is a well mixed, weakly stratified, turbulent boundary layer. Adjacent to the seabed, the BML is of intrinsic importance for studying ocean mixing, energy dissipation, particle cycling and sediment-water interactions. While deep-seabed mining of polymetallic nodules is anticipated to commence in the Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ) of the northeastern tropical Pacific Ocean, knowledge gaps regarding the form of the BML and its potentially key influence on the dispersal of sediment plumes generated by deep-seabed mining activities are yet to be addressed. Here, we report recent field observations from the German mining licence area in the CCZ that characterise the structure and variability of the BML locally. Quasi-uniform profiles of potential temperature extending from the seafloor reveal the presence of a spatially and temporally variable BML with an average local thickness of approximately 250 m. Deep horizontal currents in the region have a mean speed of 3.5 cm s$$^{-1}$$

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and a maximum speed of 12 cm s$$^{-1}$$

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at 18.63 ms above bottom over an 11 month record. The near-bottom currents initially have a net southeastward flow, followed by westward and southward flows with the development of complex, anticyclonic flow patterns. Theoretical predictions and historical data show broad consistency with mean BML thickness but cannot explain the observed heterogeneity of local BML thickness. We postulate that deep pressure anomalies induced by passing surface mesoscale eddies and abyssal thermal fronts could affect BML thickness, in addition to local topographic effects. A simplified transport model is then used to study the influence of the BML on the interplay between turbulent diffusion and sediment settling in the transport of deep-seabed mining induced sediment plumes. Over a range of realistic parameter values, the effects of BML on plume evolution can vary significantly, highlighting that resolving the BML will be a crucial step for accurate numerical modelling of plume dispersal.
Social cost of household emissions: cross-country comparison across the economic development spectrum
Authors: Shershunovich Yauheniya , Mirzabaev Alisher 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHousehold consumption accounts for the largest share of the global anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. The literature assessing the environmental impacts of household consumption is mostly focused on developed economies, thus, leaving a critical gap when it comes to assessing the impacts of household consumption and of related environmental policies in developing countries. Therefore, in order to fill this gap, this study analyzes household consumption-based emissions for high income, upper middle income, lower middle income, and low-income countries from six different geographical regions. It assesses the sector-wise CO2, CH4 and N2O-footprints and evaluates their social costs. The study methodology employs an environmentally extended multiregional input–output model from the EORA26 database which uses a common 26-sector classification for all countries. The findings show that household consumption accounts for 48–85% of the national CO2-footprints. (The values are similar for CH4 and N2O.) Developing economies have lower CO2-footprints of household final consumption than developed economies, but exert a higher pressure on the environment with respect to CH4- and N2O-footprints per capita. That highlights the necessity to focus environmental policies in developing countries on tackling CH4 and N2O on a first-priority basis. The study also identifies those sectors where the social costs of aggregated CO2, CH4 and N2O emissions make up a substantial share of the industries’ output, thus, indicating the level of technological efficiency of the respective economies and the industries where more stringent environmental regulation should be implemented.
Prenatal Cannabis Use and Offspring Autism-Related Behaviors: Examining Maternal Stress as a Moderator in a Black American Cohort
Authors: Nutor C. , Dunlop A. , Sadler O. , Brennan P. A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPrenatal cannabis use and maternal stress have been proposed as risk factors for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Black mothers and mothers of lower socioeconomic status (SES) may be especially likely to experience high levels of stress. This study examined the impact of prenatal cannabis use and maternal stress (i.e., prenatal distress, racial discrimination, and lower SES) on child ASD-related behaviors in a sample of 172 Black mother-child pairs. We found that prenatal stress was significantly associated with ASD-related behaviors. Prenatal cannabis use did not predict ASD-related behaviors and did not interact with maternal stress to predict ASD-related behaviors. These findings replicate previous work on prenatal stress-ASD associations and add to the limited literature on prenatal cannabis-ASD associations in Black samples.
Anticipatory analysis of AGV trajectory in a 5G network using machine learning
Authors: Mozo Alberto , Vakaruk Stanislav , Sierra-García J. Enrique , Pastor Antonio 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA new generation of Automatic Guided Vehicles (AGV) virtualises their Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) in the cloud deploying 5G-based communication infrastructures to provide ultra-fast and reliable links between the AGV and its PLC. Stopping an AGV can result in a loss of tens of thousands of euros per minute and therefore, the use of machine learning techniques to anticipate AGV behavior seems to be appropriate. This work proposes the application of advanced deep neural networks to forecast AGV trajectory errors even if disturbances appear in the 5G network by capturing the packets of the PLC-AGV connection and not using any sensor in the user equipment (AGV or PLC), which facilitates the real-time deployment of the solution. To demonstrate the proposed solution, an industrial AGV and a virtualised PLC were deployed in a real 5G network. Furthermore, a set of advanced deep learning architectures was selected, and an extensive collection of experiments was designed to analyse the forecasting performance of each architecture. Additionally, we discuss the real-time issues that appeared during the execution of the best models in a 5G open laboratory, that provided a realistic deployment in a controlled scenario.
Traditional Knowledge Protection and Digitization: A Critical Decolonial Discourse Analysis
Authors: Paul Jacqueline 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTrade treaties and legal agreements generally left Indigenous peoples and colonized communities out of negotiations that directly impacted them. Using Critical Discourse Analysis, informed by decolonial thinking and Nishnaabeg epistemology, this research study analyzed the language of five public documents, published by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) and the World Trade Organization (WTO), surrounding the protection of Traditional Knowledge (TK) through the sui generis legal figure and its connection to the development of digitization TK. As TK is largely uncommodifiable, the ability to identify and protect TK through Intellectual Property Rights within the WIPO and the WTO is encumbered. The research analyzed and explored how language and knowledge shape policy and ideology against historically marginalized people and communities through discourse enacted by the WIPO and the WTO.
Multi-target Knowledge Distillation via Student Self-reflection
Authors: Gou Jianping , Xiong Xiangshuo , Yu Baosheng , Du Lan , Zhan Yibing , Tao Dacheng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractKnowledge distillation is a simple yet effective technique for deep model compression, which aims to transfer the knowledge learned by a large teacher model to a small student model. To mimic how the teacher teaches the student, existing knowledge distillation methods mainly adapt an unidirectional knowledge transfer, where the knowledge extracted from different intermedicate layers of the teacher model is used to guide the student model. However, it turns out that the students can learn more effectively through multi-stage learning with a self-reflection in the real-world education scenario, which is nevertheless ignored by current knowledge distillation methods. Inspired by this, we devise a new knowledge distillation framework entitled multi-target knowledge distillation via student self-reflection or MTKD-SSR, which can not only enhance the teacher’s ability in unfolding the knowledge to be distilled, but also improve the student’s capacity of digesting the knowledge. Specifically, the proposed framework consists of three target knowledge distillation mechanisms: a stage-wise channel distillation (SCD), a stage-wise response distillation (SRD), and a cross-stage review distillation (CRD), where SCD and SRD transfer feature-based knowledge (i.e., channel features) and response-based knowledge (i.e., logits) at different stages, respectively; and CRD encourages the student model to conduct self-reflective learning after each stage by a self-distillation of the response-based knowledge. Experimental results on five popular visual recognition datasets, CIFAR-100, Market-1501, CUB200-2011, ImageNet, and Pascal VOC, demonstrate that the proposed framework significantly outperforms recent state-of-the-art knowledge distillation methods.
Social Comparison of Mental Health, Deliberate Self-injury and Help-Negation
Authors: Turner Brie , Miller Leonie , Deane Frank 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThose engaging in deliberate self-injury (DSI) demonstrate low professional help-seeking rates. Help-negation in the context of deliberate self-injury refers to a relationship where higher levels of self-injury are associated with lower help-seeking intentions. This study aims to investigate whether social comparison processes and other variables contribute to help-negation. One hundred and eighty-three university students completed self-report questionnaires assessing DSI and help-seeking variables. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to identify predictors of help-seeking intentions from mental health professionals for suicidal thoughts. A help-negation relationship was observed in that a greater DSI history was associated with reduced intentions to seek help. This effect remained after controlling for psychological distress and distress tolerance. Mental health comparison, specifically the tendency to rate one’s mental health as worse than others, significantly contributed to the prediction of help-seeking intentions. Lower prior help-seeking, higher frequency of DSI and the worse participants saw their mental health in comparison to others were all associated with lower help-seeking intentions for suicidal thoughts, consistent with help-negation. It is speculated that DSI may function as a strategy to protect against suicidality and lower intentions to seek help for suicidal ideation. Prospective longitudinal research is recommended to test this explanation and include a measure of the function of DSI.
Impact of DWI and ADC values in Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System (O-RADS) MRI score
Authors: Manganaro Lucia , Ciulla Sandra , Celli Veronica , Ercolani Giada , Ninkova Roberta , Miceli Valentina , Cozzi Andrea , Rizzo Stefania Maria , Thomassin-Naggara Isabelle , Catalano Carlo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Introduce DWI and quantitative ADC evaluation in O-RADS MRI system and observe how diagnostic performance changes. Assess its validity and reproducibility between readers with different experience in female pelvic imaging. Finally, evaluate any correlation between ADC value and histotype in malignant lesions.

Materials and Methods
In total, 173 patients with 213 indeterminate adnexal masses (AMs) on ultrasound were subjected to MRI examination, from which 140 patients with 172 AMs were included in the final analysis. Standardised MRI sequences were used, including DWI and DCE sequences. Two readers, blinded to histopathological data, retrospectively classified AMs according to the O-RADS MRI scoring system. A quantitative analysis method was applied by placing a ROI on the ADC maps obtained from single-exponential DWI sequences. AMs considered benign (O-RADS MRI score 2) were excluded from the ADC analysis.

Results
Excellent inter-reader agreement was found in the classification of lesions according to the O-RADS MRI score (K = 0.936; 95% CI). Two ROC curves were created to determine the optimal cut-off value for the ADC variable between O-RADS MRI categories 3–4 and 4–5, respectively, 1.411 × 10–3 mm2/sec and 0.849 × 10–3 mm2/sec. Based on these ADC values, 3/45 and 22/62 AMs were upgraded, respectively, to score 4 and 5, while 4/62 AMs were downgraded to score 3. ADC values correlated significantly with the ovarian carcinoma histotype (p value < 0.001).

Conclusion
Our study demonstrates the prognostic potential of DWI and ADC values in the O-RADS MRI classification for better radiological standardisation and characterisation of AMs.
Ursodeoxycholic Acid Use After Bariatric Surgery: Effects on Metabolic and Inflammatory Blood Markers
Authors: Guman Maimoena S. S. , Haal Sylke , Acherman Yair I. Z. , van de Laar Arnold W. L. , Nieuwdorp Max , Voermans Rogier P. , Gerdes Victor E. A. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background

In addition to the reduction of symptomatic gallstone disease, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) might also have beneficial metabolic effects after bariatric surgery. We examined the impact of UDCA on liver enzymes, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), lipids, and inflammation markers.

Methods
Patients in the UPGRADE trial (placebo-controlled, double-blind) were randomized between UDCA 900 mg daily or placebo pills for 6 months after bariatric surgery. Patients without blood measurements pre- or 6 months postoperatively were excluded. The change in liver enzymes, Hba1c, lipids, and inflammation markers after surgery were compared between the UDCA and placebo group, followed by a postoperative cross-sectional comparison.

Results
In total, 513 patients were included (age [mean ± SD] 45.6 ± 10.7 years; 79% female). Preoperative blood values did not differ between UDCA (n = 266) and placebo (n = 247) groups. Increase of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was greater in the UDCA group (mean difference 3.81 U/l [95%CI 0.50 7.12]). Change in other liver enzymes, HbA1c, lipids, and CRP levels did not differ. Postoperative cross-sectional comparison in 316 adherent patients also revealed a higher total cholesterol (mean difference 0.25 mg/dl [95%CI 0.07–0.42]), lower aspartate aminotransferase (mean difference −3.12 U/l [−5.16 – −1.08]), and lower alanine aminotransferase level (mean difference −5.89 U/l [−9.41 – −2.37]) in the UDCA group.

Conclusion
UDCA treatment leads to a higher, but clinically irrelevant increase in ALP level in patients 6 months after bariatric surgery. No other changes in metabolic or inflammatory markers were observed. Except for the reduction of gallstone formation, UDCA has no effects after bariatric surgery.

Graphical Abstract
How Do Scientists Perceive the Relationship Between Ethics and Science? A Pilot Study of Scientists’ Appeals to Values
Authors: Linville Caleb L. , Cairns Aidan C. , Garcia Tyler , Bridges Bill , Herington Jonathan , Laverty James T. , Tanona Scott 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEfforts to promote responsible conduct of research (RCR) should take into consideration how scientists already conceptualize the relationship between ethics and science. In this study, we investigated how scientists relate ethics and science by analyzing the values expressed in interviews with fifteen science faculty members at a large midwestern university. We identified the values the scientists appealed to when discussing research ethics, how explicitly they related their values to ethics, and the relationships between the values they appealed to. We found that the scientists in our study appealed to epistemic and ethical values with about the same frequency, and much more often than any other type of value. We also found that they explicitly associated epistemic values with ethical values. Participants were more likely to describe epistemic and ethical values as supporting each other, rather than trading off with each other. This suggests that many scientists already have a sophisticated understanding of the relationship between ethics and science, which may be an important resource for RCR training interventions.
Three generations of mTOR kinase inhibitors in the activation of the apoptosis process in melanoma cells
Authors: Ciołczyk-Wierzbicka Dorota , Krawczyk Agnieszka , Zarzycka Marta , Zemanek Grzegorz , Wierzbicki Karol 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMany signaling pathways are involved in the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and this serine/threonine kinase regulates the most important cellular processes such as cell proliferation, autophagy, and apoptosis. The subject of this research was the effect of protein kinase inhibitors involved in the AKT, MEK, and mTOR kinase signaling pathways on the expression of pro-survival proteins, activity of caspase-3, proliferation, and induction of apoptosis in melanoma cells. The following inhibitors were used: protein kinase inhibitors such as AKT—MK-2206, MEK—AS-703026, mTOR—everolimus and Torkinib, as well as dual PI3K and mTOR inhibitor—BEZ-235 and Omipalisib, and mTOR1/2—OSI-027 inhibitor in single-mode and their combinations with MEK1/2 kinase inhibitor AS-703026. The obtained results confirm the synergistic effect of nanomolar concentrations of mTOR inhibitors, especially the dual PI3K and mTOR inhibitors (Omipalisib, BEZ-235) in combination with the MAP kinase inhibitor (AS-703026) in the activation of caspase 3, induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of proliferation in melanoma cell lines. Our previous and current studies confirm the importance of the mTOR signal transduction pathway in the neoplastic transformation process. Melanoma is a case of a very heterogeneous neoplasm, which causes great difficulties in treating this neoplasm in an advanced stage, and the standard approach to this topic does not bring the expected results. There is a need for research on the search for new therapeutic strategies aimed at particular groups of patients.

Graphical abstract
Effect of three generations of mTOR kinase inhibitors on caspase-3 activity, apoptosis and proliferation in melanoma cell lines.
Climate Change and Fossil Fuels: Impacts, Challenges and Plausible Mitigation
Authors: Sain Kalachand 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
An attempt is made to bring out some important issues related to climate change (CC) and usage of fossil fuels, and their impact on energy and water securities. This also brings out plausible mitigation and some related challenges with special reference to the Himalayan geo-hazards. This article serves the concern on ‘why should one bother about the CC, fossil fuels energy and Himalayan Environment’.