bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic ability of deep learning in detection of pancreatic tumour
Authors: Dinesh M. G. , Bacanin Nebojsa , Askar S. S. , Abouhawwash Mohamed 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPancreatic cancer is associated with higher mortality rates due to insufficient diagnosis techniques, often diagnosed at an advanced stage when effective treatment is no longer possible. Therefore, automated systems that can detect cancer early are crucial to improve diagnosis and treatment outcomes. In the medical field, several algorithms have been put into use. Valid and interpretable data are essential for effective diagnosis and therapy. There is much room for cutting-edge computer systems to develop. The main objective of this research is to predict pancreatic cancer early using deep learning and metaheuristic techniques. This research aims to create a deep learning and metaheuristic techniques-based system to predict pancreatic cancer early by analyzing medical imaging data, mainly CT scans, and identifying vital features and cancerous growths in the pancreas using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and YOLO model-based CNN (YCNN) models. Once diagnosed, the disease cannot be effectively treated, and its progression is unpredictable. That's why there's been a push in recent years to implement fully automated systems that can sense cancer at a prior stage and improve diagnosis and treatment. The paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the novel YCNN approach compared to other modern methods in predicting pancreatic cancer. To predict the vital features from the CT scan and the proportion of cancer feasts in the pancreas using the threshold parameters booked as markers. This paper employs a deep learning approach called a Convolutional Neural network (CNN) model to predict pancreatic cancer images. In addition, we use the YOLO model-based CNN (YCNN) to aid in the categorization process. Both biomarkers and CT image dataset is used for testing. The YCNN method was shown to perform well by a cent percent of accuracy compared to other modern techniques in a thorough review of comparative findings.
Multiscale characterization and contact performance analysis of machining surfaces
Authors: Li Ling , Zhang Wang , Wang Jingjing , Ruan Xiaoguang , Li Lixia , Xie Miaoxia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAccurately characterizing the surface topography of parts is crucial to improve the surface measurement accuracy and analyze the surface contact performance. A method is proposed to separate the morphological characteristics of the actual machined surface based on the layer-by-layer error reconstruction method and the signal-to-noise ratio method during the wavelet transform process, so as to evaluate the contact performance of the different joint surfaces. First, the actual machined surface morphological features are separated by using the wavelet transform method, the layer-by-layer error reconstruction method, and the signal-to-noise ratio method. Second, the reconstructed three-dimensional surface contact model is established by the reverse modeling engineering method. Third, the finite element method is used to analyze the impact of processing methods and surface roughness on contact surface parameters. The result demonstrates that the simplified and efficient three-dimensional reconstructed surface is achieved based on the real machining surface in contrast to other existing approaches. The surface roughness has a more significant influence on contact performance. The contact deformation increases with the increase of surface roughness, while the curves of average contact stress, contact stiffness, and contact area have the opposite trend.
Large global variations in the carbon dioxide removal potential of seaweed farming due to biophysical constraints
Authors: Arzeno-Soltero Isabella B. , Saenz Benjamin T. , Frieder Christina A. , Long Matthew C. , DeAngelo Julianne , Davis Steven J. , Davis Kristen A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEstimates suggest that over 4 gigatons per year of carbon dioxide (Gt-CO2 year−1) be removed from the atmosphere by 2050 to meet international climate goals. One strategy for carbon dioxide removal is seaweed farming; however its global potential remains highly uncertain. Here, we apply a dynamic seaweed growth model that includes growth-limiting mechanisms, such as nitrate supply, to estimate the global potential yield of four types of seaweed. We estimate that harvesting 1 Gt year−1 of seaweed carbon would require farming over 1 million km2 of the most productive exclusive economic zones, located in the equatorial Pacific; the cultivation area would need to be tripled to attain an additional 1 Gt year−1 of harvested carbon, indicating dramatic reductions in carbon harvest efficiency beyond the most productive waters. Improving the accuracy of annual harvest yield estimates requires better understanding of biophysical constraints such as seaweed loss rates (e.g., infestation, disease, grazing, wave erosion).
A marine origin of coal balls in the Midland and Illinois basins, USA
Authors: Chrpa Michelle E. , Raymond Anne , Lamb William M. , Laya Juan-Carlos 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCoal balls are carbonate concretions that preserve peat in cellular detail. Despite their importance to paleobotany, the salinity of coal-ball peat remains controversial. Pennsylvanian coal balls from the Midland and Illinois basins contain echinoderms and early high-magnesium calcite cement. Echinoderm skeletons reflect the Mg/Ca ratio of the seawater in which they grew. Here we show that well-preserved echinoderms in coal balls and North American Pennsylvanian marine facies have similar average mole % MgCO3; 10.2–12.3 and 9.9–12.5 respectively. Coal-ball echinoderms reflect the magnesium content of the adjacent epicontinental seawater. Early high-magnesium calcite cement in coal balls has the same, or more magnesium than echinoderms from the same deposit, and high Sr/Ca and Na/Ca, consistent with formation in marine or brackish water. Subsequent coal-ball cement is low-magnesium calcite, suggesting freshwater diagenesis and cementation followed formation of marine high-magnesium calcite. Coal balls likely formed in the marine-freshwater mixing zone.
Spezialisierte Behandlung von Darmkrebs in zertifizierten
Krebszentren: Müssen Patient*innen wirklich weitere Wege auf
sich nehmen?
Authors: Berger Elke , Reichebner Christoph , Eriksen Astrid , Hildebrandt Meik , Kuklinski David , Busse Reinhard 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Der deutschen Krankenhauslandschaft mangelt es an einer
gezielten Versorgungssteuerung, was u. a. an der unzureichenden Nutzung
von durch die Deutsche Krebsgesellschaft (DKG) zertifizierten Krebszentren zu
erkennen ist. So werden allzu viele Patient*innen außerhalb von
Krebszentren und damit schlechter behandelt. Um dem zu begegnen, könnte
die Behandlung in Anlehnung an Dänemark auf spezialisierte
Krankenhäuser begrenzt werden und die vorliegende Studie ermittelt die
Auswirkungen auf die Fahrzeiten von Patient*innen am Beispiel des
kolorektalen Karzinoms.
Methoden Die Analysen für das Jahr 2018 basieren auf Daten der
strukturierten Qualitätsberichte (sQB) und von bei der AOK versicherten
Patient*innen, bei denen eine Resektion des Kolons oder Rektums erfolgt
ist. Darüber hinaus wurden Angaben der DKG bezüglich einer
vorhandenen Zertifizierung eines Darmkrebszentrums genutzt. Die Fahrzeit wurde
definiert als Zeit, die Patient*innen mit einem durchschnittlichen PKW
bei durchschnittlichem Verkehr vom Mittelpunkt der Postleitzahl (PLZ) ihres
Wohnorts zu den Koordinaten des Krankenhauses benötigen. Die Koordinaten
der Krankenhäuser und die Mittelpunkte der PLZ wurden über eine
Abfrage der Google API ermittelt. Die Berechnung der Fahrtzeiten wiederum
erfolgte unter Zuhilfenahme eines lokalen Open Routing Machine Servers.
Für die statistischen Analysen und kartographischen Darstellungen wurden
die Statistikprogramme R und Stata verwendet.
Ergebnisse In 2018 wurde fast die Hälfte aller
Patient*innen mit Kolonkarzinom im nächstgelegenen Krankenhaus
behandelt, wobei davon ca. 40% in einem zertifizierten Darmkrebszentrum
behandelt wurden. Insgesamt fanden nur ca. 47% aller Behandlungen in
einem zertifizierten Darmkrebszentrum statt. Die Fahrtzeit zum gewählten
Behandlungsort lag insgesamt bei durchschnittlich 20 Minuten. Sie war etwas
geringer (18 Minuten), wenn kein zertifiziertes Zentrum gewählt wurde,
und etwas länger (21 Minuten) für diejenigen, deren Behandlung
in einem zertifizierten Darmkrebszentrum stattfand. Die Modellierungen von
Umverteilungen aller Patient*innen nur zu zertifizierten Zentren ergab
eine durchschnittliche Fahrtzeit von 29 Minuten.
Schlussfolgerung Bei einer Steuerung der Behandlung hin zu spezialisierten
Krankenhäusern wäre eine wohnortnahe Behandlung weiterhin
gewährleistet. Unabhängig von einer Zertifizierung lassen sich
besonders in Ballungsgebieten Parallelstrukturen erkennen, die auf ein
Umstrukturierungspotential hinweisen.
Repairing the Nose after Failed Minimally Invasive Procedures
Authors: Eng James , Sivam Sunthosh Kumar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMinimally invasive nasal procedures can be aimed at treating both functional and cosmetic problems. These procedures include lateral nasal wall implants, dermal fillers, thread lifting, and radiofrequency ablation. Though increasingly popular, nasal surgeons have limited data to draw from when faced with operating in a nose that has been altered by these techniques. In this article, best practice recommendations are described based on the available data for each of the techniques.
Communal Poverty Is a Significant Risk Factor for Neonatal Seizures
Authors: Tanous Osama , Haj-Yahya Kholoud T. , Ershead Angie , Lerner Liat 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction Neonatal seizures (NS) are a severe condition with significant mortality and long-term morbidity. This study aims to identify risk factors for NS in a racially or ethnically diverse population in Israel.
Methods This is a case–control study. The cases were all newborns born between 2001 and 2019 at Emek Medical Center in Israel and admitted with NS. Two healthy controls born in the same period were matched for each case. Demographic, maternal, and neonatal variables were abstracted from the electronic medical files.
Results A total of 139 cases were matched with 278 controls. Residing in a town with lower socioeconomic status (SES), primiparity and abnormal prenatal ultrasound were significantly associated with NS. Prematurity, assisted delivery, a lower birthweight, being small for gestational age, and lower Apgar score were also associated with NS. In two different multivariable regression models, lower SES (odds ratio [OR] = 4.07) and Arab race/ethnicity (OR = 2.66) were risk factors for NS. Other significant risk factors in the multivariable regression models included an assisted mode of delivery (OR = 2.33), prematurity (OR = 2.27), and a 5-minute Apgar score below 7 (OR = 54.1).
Discussion Communal poverty, as reflected by lower SES of towns of residence, was found to be a stronger risk factor than race or ethnicity, for NS. More studies should focus on social class, as a risk factor for maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes. As SES is a modifiable variable every effort should be invested in fighting communal poverty and improving the SES of impoverished towns and population.
The interplay between internal communication, employee engagement, job satisfaction, and employee loyalty in higher education institutions in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Cao Minh Anh , Ha Minh-Tri 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe present study examines the roles of internal communication (IC), job engagement (JE), organisation engagement (OE) and job satisfaction (JS) in producing employee loyalty (EL) based on the social exchange theory. This study employed an online questionnaire-based survey design to collect data from 255 respondents from higher education institutions (HEIs) in Binh Duong province using convenience and snowball sampling techniques. Data analyses and hypothesis testing were carried out using the partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The findings show that all relationships are significantly validated, except for the JE-JS relationship. Our work is the first to investigate employee loyalty in the HEI context of an emerging economy such as Vietnam by incorporating internal communication, employee engagement (including job and organisation engagement) and job satisfaction to develop and validate a research model for the study. This study is expected to contribute to the theory and advance our understanding of different mechanisms that job engagement, organisation engagement and job satisfaction can play in the relationship between internal communication and employee loyalty.
Reaction dynamics for the Cl(2P) + XCl → XCl + Cl(2P) (X = H, D, Mu) reaction on a high-fidelity ground state potential energy surface
Authors: Li Qiang , Yang Mingjuan , Song Hongwei , Li Yongle 
Published: June 2023

In this work, the dynamics of a prototypical heavy–light–heavy abstract reaction, Cl(2P) + HCl → HCl + Cl(2P), is investigated both by constructing a new potential energy surface (PES) and by rate coefficient calculations. Both the permutation invariant polynomial neural network method and the embedded atom neural network (EANN) method, based on ab initio MRCI-F12+Q/AVTZ level points, are used for obtaining globally accurate full-dimensional ground state PES, with the corresponding total root mean square error being only 0.043 and 0.056 kcal/mol, respectively. In addition, this is also the first application of the EANN in a gas-phase bimolecular reaction. The saddle point of this reaction system is confirmed to be nonlinear. In comparison with both the energetics and rate coefficients obtained on both PESs, we find that the EANN is reliable in dynamic calculations. A full-dimensional approximate quantum mechanical method, ring-polymer molecular dynamics with a Cayley propagator, is employed to obtain the thermal rate coefficients and kinetic isotopic effects of the title reaction Cl(2P) + XCl→ XCl + Cl(2P) (H, D, Mu) on both new PESs, and the kinetic isotope effect (KIE) is also obtained. The rate coefficients reproduce the experimental results at high temperatures perfectly but with moderate accuracy at lower temperatures, but the KIE is with high accuracy. The similar kinetic behavior is supported by quantum dynamics using wave packet calculations as well.
Ice breakloose friction
Authors: Persson B. N. J. , Tyrode E. C. 
Published: June 2023

We discuss the origin of the breakloose (or static) friction force when an ice block is slid on a hard randomly rough substrate surface. If the substrate has roughness with small enough amplitude (of order a 1 nm or less), the breakloose force may be due to interfacial slip and is determined by the elastic energy per unit area, Uel/A0, stored at the interface after the block has been displaced a short distance from its original position. The theory assumes complete contact between the solids at the interface and that there is no elastic deformation energy at the interface in the original state before the application of the tangential force. The breakloose force depends on the surface roughness power spectrum of the substrate and is found to be in good agreement with experimental observations. We show that as the temperature decreases, there is a transition from interfacial sliding (mode II crack propagation, where the crack propagation energy GII = Uel/A0) to opening crack propagation (mode I crack propagation with GI the energy per unit area to break the ice–substrate bonds in the normal direction).
Effect of tannins and kafirins on the nitrogen and energy balance and performance of pigs
Authors: Reis De Souza Tércia Cesária , Ávila Árres Iris Elisa , Gómez-Soto José Guadalupe , Escobar García Konisgmar , Ramírez Rodríguez Ericka , Mariscal-Landín Gerardo 
Published: June 2023

Context Tannins are blamed for negatively affecting nutritive value of sorghum. Kafirins are sorghum storage proteins and may be associated with lower animal performance. They have been tested in poultry diets; however, information for pig diets is scarce. Aims Our aim was to determine the role of kafirins and tannins in sorghum nutritive value for swine. Methods Two experiments evaluated effects of sorghum tannin and kafirin levels on (1) nitrogen (N) and energy balance, and (2) performance of pigs. Two sorghum hybrids with low (LT) and high (HT) tannins were grown at two rates of N fertiliser to achieve low (LK) and high (HK) kafirins (i.e. four sorghum treatments: LTLK, LTHK, HTLK and HTHK) and added to soybean meal based diets. A fifth diet included maize instead of sorghum. Five pigs (48.8 ± 0.4 kg) were used in a 5 × 5 Latin square design to measure N and energy balance, with 5 days of diet adaptation and 4 days of urine and faeces collection. The performance experiment included 60 pigs (54.0 ± 12.4 kg, 30 barrows and 30 gilts, six of each per treatment) placed in individual pens with free access to water and feed. Key results Energy balance showed a tannin × kafirin interaction (P < 0.05) for dry matter feed intake, which diminished with the LTHK diet and was unaffected with the HTHK diet. Dry matter digestibility was higher (P < 0.001) with maize, intermediate with LT, and lower with HT diets. Pigs fed maize retained more N (P < 0.05) and had higher energy digestibility (P < 0.001) than pigs fed sorghum. HT diets had lower (P < 0.01) energy digestibility than LT diets. In the finishing phase, average daily feed intake showed a tannin × kafirin interaction (P < 0.05); pigs fed the HTHK diet had lower average daily feed intake than other pigs. This lowered average daily liveweight gain and consequently final weight. Conclusions Tannins negatively affected sorghum nutritive value; high kafirins worsened average daily feed intake and liveweight gain, and hence final weight. Implications Management of kafirin content should be considered to avoid adverse performance effects in pigs fed sorghum.
Agronomic soil tests can be used to estimate dissolved reactive phosphorus loss
Authors: Weaver David , Summers Robert , Neuhaus Andreas 
Published: June 2023

Context Phosphorus (P) use in agriculture can lead to eutrophication. Agronomic soil tests such as Colwell P and P buffering index (PBI) define critical soil P levels for pasture production. These tests have potential for re-use as environmental risk indicators of dissolved reactive P (DRP) loss from paddocks but are constrained because a 0–10 cm sample does not necessarily align with the dominant hydrological loss pathways of runoff or leaching. Aims To identify influences on the benchmark environmental measure of DRP (CaCl2-extractable P or CaCl2-P) by agronomic-based measures such as PBI, Colwell P and depth, and Colwell P to PBI ratio (P environmental risk index; PERI). To estimate CaCl2-P at any depth from a 0–10 cm sample, and the potential for change in DRP loss risk through the adoption of evidence-based fertiliser management based on soil testing. Methods Archives of 692 0–10-cm soil samples, along with 88 sites sampled at 0–10 cm and 0–1, 1–2, 2–5, 5–10, 10–20, and 20–30 cm were analysed for Colwell P, PBI, CaCl2-P, PERI, and P fertility index (PFI). Derived relationships between CaCl2-P and Colwell P for different PBI were applied to 30 981 0–10-cm samples to estimate the potential for DRP reduction resulting from the adoption of evidence-based fertiliser management. Key results CaCl2-P, Colwell P, PERI, and PFI decreased with depth, with an associated increase in DRP loss risk from surface soil. The CaCl2-P decreased with increasing PBI. The CaCl2-P, Colwell P, PERI, and PFI could be estimated at any depth from a 0–10 cm sample, with r2 > 0.77. The CaCl2-P was estimable from PERI, and soils with low PBI or with high PFI had high DRP loss risk. The CaCl2-P was positively correlated with Colwell P, with the slope decreasing with increasing PBI and becoming invariant when PBI > 100. When applied to the current soil Colwell P and estimated current CaCl2-P and compared to CaCl2-P at the critical Colwell P for different relative yields (RYs), DRP loss risk could be reduced by 24% for a RY target of 95%, and 59% for a RY target of 80%. Conclusions Because current Colwell P levels in soils exceed critical values, DRP loss risk can be substantially reduced by adopting evidence-based fertiliser management with little or no loss of utilised pasture. Implications Fertiliser management based on evidence of P requirements determined from soil testing has a significant role in reducing DRP loss risk.
Large valley polarization and high Curie temperature in single layer XI2 (X = Sc, Y)
Authors: Lan Mengxian , Li Ying , Qiao Shiqian , Huang Tian , Ma Sai , Ding Feng , Wu Hong , Li Feng , Pu Yong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Ferrovalley materials with spontaneous valley polarization are the key to valleytronics applications. Therefore, it is important to find materials with relatively large valley polarization. In this work, we theoretically designed two novel two-dimensional ferrovalley materials namely XI2 (X = Sc, Y), which have both high Curie temperature and large valley polarization. The Curie temperature of monolayer ScI2 and YI2 are 138 K and 58 K, the large valley polarization of 97 meV and 108 meV are also predicted in monolayer ScI2 and YI2. The anomalous valley Hall effect is also proposed based on the valley contrasting Berry curvature. In addition, strain engineering can effectively modulate the valley polarization and Curie temperature of monolayer XI2 (X = Sc, Y). The Curie temperature of ScI2 increases with increasing strain, and the valley polarization of YI2 increases with increasing strain. Our findings suggest that monolayer XI2 (X = Sc, Y) is a promising material for valleytronics.
Structural and mechanical properties of NiTiAg shape memory alloys: ab-initio study
Authors: Priyanga G Sudha , Santosh S , Mattur Manoj N 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The austenite phase of Ni50−x
Ti50Ag
x
for different concentrations (x = 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10) has been analyzed in this work. The ground state, structural, and mechanical characteristics of Ni50−x
Ti50Ag
x
for various concentrations are examined under ambient conditions. From total energy as well as formation energy calculations, it is found that the stability of Ni50−x
Ti50Ag
x
austenite phase is increased up to x = 5 and after that it becomes unstable in nature. These results are in good agreement with our experimental results. The experimental and other theoretical results agree with the estimated lattice parameter values. The x-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry reveal the phases formed and transformation characteristics of NiTiAg alloys. The elastic constants, bulk modulus, shear modulus, Poisson’s ratio, and elastic anisotropy factor of Ni50−x
Ti50Ag
x
are examined at ambient conditions for different concentrations. From elastic constant calculations, it is also found that the austenite phase of Ni50−x
Ti50Ag
x
is mechanically stable up to x = 5 and after that it does not obey Born–Huang criteria and becomes unstable. The Ni45Ti50Ag5 composition is found to be the stiffest and hardest material. According to Poisson’s ratio calculations, Ni50−x
Ti50Ag
x
shows that the Ti–Ag, Ni–Ag bonding is more directed in nature. The austenite phase of Ni50−x
Ti50Ag
x
is more incompressible because the Poisson’s ratio is nearly equal to the optimum value (0.5).