bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genotypic characterization and detection of resistance mechanisms in carbapenem- resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from four tertiary care hospitals in Iran
Authors: Davoodi Neda Razavi , Soleimani Neda , Hosseini Seyed Masoud , Rahnamaye-Farzami Marjan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The global emergence of genes responsible for carbapenemases and the production of mcr in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates pose a serious threat to public health. The study of carbapenem and colistin resistance (CLR) in K. pneumoniae has a high priority for the infection control committee. The purpose of this study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance rate and evaluate the pattern of CLR in carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKP) isolated from four tertiary care hospitals in Iran, as well as to describe the clonal relationship of multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae strains. Fifty clinical isolates of CRKP were obtained from four hospitals in Iran. The mcr-harboring isolates and carbapenemase-encoding genes were screened by PCR amplification, and molecular typing (PFGE) was used to assess their spread. Among the total isolates, 38% were identified as CLR by colistin disk elution.
Results
Among positive isolates for carbapenemase genes, the most frequent gene was blaOXA−48. Additionally, the mcr-1 gene was detected in 6% of the obtained isolates; none of the other mcr genes were detected in the studied isolates. All isolates were grouped under four clusters (A-D). The major cluster was related to the C cluster with 23 isolates.
Conclusions
The prevalence of CLR K. pneumoniae was estimated to be 18% in our ICU. Colistin-resistant CRKP is becoming an emerging threat in ICU settings, limiting further treatment options. Additionally, we observed a common molecular signature among CRKP isolates. Therefore, hospitals need to implement an effective infection control system to prevent the outbreak of diverse carbapenem- and colistin-resistant isolates in the future.
Etiology, Clinical Characteristics and Surgical Indications in Traumatic Eyelid Injuries: Experience of a Tertiary Referral Center
Authors: ÖZER Ömer , GÜÇLÜ Emin Serbülent 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to investigate the cause of injury and clinical outcomes in patients with traumatic eyelid injury.
Methods
Patients aged 18 years and older who underwent eyelid injury repair between January 01, 2021 and March 01, 2023 were included in this study.
Results
One hundred sixty-four of the patients were male (84.1%) and the mean age was 42.5 ± 5.6 years. The most common etiology of injury was accidents (35.9%). While 9 patients (4.6%) had no additional injury and 11 patients (5.6%) had open globe injury.
Conclusion
In conclusion, traumatic eyelid injuries can be prevented with a series of precautions. Pre-detection of certain risk factors can prevent potential loss of labor in the productive population. The shape of the eyelids and facial expression are also important for social communication. Therefore, prevention of eyelid trauma can prevent lack of self-confidence in individuals and contribute to social well-being.
Does capital income increase long-term inequality? The case of Sweden 1991-2017
Authors: Bergh Andreas , Nordin Martin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Capital income is known to add to income inequality when measured on an annual basis, but the role of capital income in long-run inequality is rarely studied. We examine, using Swedish register data, the evolution of annual and long-term income inequality in Sweden 1991–2017, using disposable income with and without capital income. Capital income had a marginally equalizing effect on long-term inequality for the period 1991 to 2004 but added substantially to long-term inequality for the period 2004 to 2017. To properly understand the distributional effects of capital income, a long-term perspective is needed.
JEL-codes: D31, D63, E22
A Meta-Learner Framework to Estimate Individualized Treatment Effects for Survival Outcomes
Authors: Bo Na , Wei Yue , Zeng Lang , Kang Chaeryon , Ding Ying 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

One crucial aspect of precision medicine is to allow physicians to recommend the most suitable treatment for their patients. This requires understanding the treatment heterogeneity from a patient-centric view, quantified by estimating the individualized treatment effect (ITE). With a large amount of genetics data and medical factors being collected, a complete picture of individuals’ characteristics is forming, which provides more opportunities to accurately estimate ITE. Recent development using machine learning methods within the counterfactual outcome framework shows excellent potential in analyzing such data. In this research, we propose to extend meta-learning approaches to estimate individualized treatment effects with survival outcomes. Two meta-learning algorithms are considered, T-learner and X-learner, each combined with three types of machine learning methods: random survival forest, Bayesian accelerated failure time model and survival neural network. We examine the performance of the proposed methods and provide practical guidelines for their application in randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Moreover, we propose to use the Boruta algorithm to identify risk factors that contribute to treatment heterogeneity based on ITE estimates. The finite sample performances of these methods are compared through extensive simulations under different randomization designs. The proposed approach is applied to a large RCT of eye disease, namely, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), to estimate the ITE on delaying time-to-AMD progression and to make individualized treatment recommendations.
Food Contamination with Micro-plastics: Occurrences, Bioavailability,
Human Vulnerability, and Prevention
Authors: Lakshmayya Nunna Sai Venkata , Panday Ashoutosh , Yadavalli Rajasri , Reddy Chintakunta Nagendranatha , Mandal Sanjeeb Kumar , Agrawal Dinesh Chand , Mishra Bishwambhar 
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
Microplastics (MPs) are emergent environmental contaminants that are designated as either primary or secondary dependent on their origins. Formulation, morphology, dimensions, and
colour scheme, along with other features, are connected with their propensity to reach the food
webs and their dangers. Whilst ecological adversities of MPs have drawn considerable interest, the
hazards to individuals from dietary exposure have yet to be determined. The aim of this review is
to gauge existing understanding concerning MPs in foodstuffs and to explore the problems and inadequacies for threat assessment. The prevalence of MPs in foodstuffs and sugary drinks has been
detected all over the world, but most researchers judged the existing information to be not only inadequate but also of dubious value, owing to the notable lack of agreement on a regulated quantification methods and a consistent appellation. Most published papers have highlighted potable water
and condiments such as sugars, salts, and nectar as significant food components of MPs for humans. The threat assessment reveals significant discrepancies in our understanding of MP toxicity
for human consumption, which hinders the estimate of risk-based regulations regarding food safety. The lack of comparators for evaluating MPs food consumption prohibits dietary MPs risk description and risk mitigation. Researchers and Food Safety Administrators confer various obstacles
along with possibilities linked to the appearance of MPs in foodstuffs. Further investigation on the
MPs categorization and exposures is essential considering that any subsequent threat evaluation record can contain a comprehensive dietary viewpoint.
Solvent-free Approaches towards the Synthesis of Therapeutically
Important Heterocycles
Authors: Priyadarshan Ambarish , Tripathi Garima , Singh Anil Kumar , Rajkhowa Sanchayita , Kumar Abhijeet , Tiwari Vinod Kumar 
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
The development of synthetic methodologies to obtain a diverse range of heterocyclic scaffolds
has been a very attractive area of research due to their vast therapeutic importance. Conventional approaches
that require the use of organic solvents, which are generally flammable, toxic, and not ecofriendly,
are replaced either with greener alternatives or by completely avoiding their use. In literature,
several solvent-free methods have already been reported for the synthesis of vast varieties of organic
compounds. This review focuses on the solvent-free methods developed for the synthesis of different
types of nitrogen and oxygen heterocycles which have exhibited diverse therapeutic applications.
New Proxy Signature Scheme over Elliptic Curves using Chaotic Maps Applicable during Pandemic COVID-19
Authors: Tiwari Namita , Rahul Mayur , Prakash Ayushi , Jha Sonu Kumar , Yadav Vikash 
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
Digitalization has attracted the world to collect increasing data.

Background:
Proxy signature is a digital alternative for signing documents in the absence of the
original signer.

Methods:
In this paper, we have used the mathematical methods and concepts of Chaotic maps
(CMs) and elliptic curve cryptography.

Results:
We have proposed a new proxy signature scheme (PSS). Security of our PSS relies on "elliptic
curve discrete logarithm (ECDL) and integer factorization (FAC) problems". It requires only
low-complexity computation, which increases efficiency.

Conclusion:
It is the first PSS in such a security setting and can also be assumed to be secure in
the post-quantum cryptographic world. It can be highly used digitally during thePandemic conditions
like COVID-19.
Barriers and Motivating Factors in Receiving COVID-19 Vaccination
Among the Healthcare Workers of Tehran Military Hospitals
Authors: Rafsanjani Mahmoudreza Hashemi , Nouri Majid , Nava Ali Omrani , Darvishi Mohammad 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Despite the availability of the vaccine, achieving collective immunity requires the acceptance of the vaccine among the general population. However, the acceptance of vaccines is a constant concern in countries due to their potential side effects. According to current observations, there is not enough evidence about the COVID-19 vaccination acceptance and hesitancy in Iran.

Objective:
Due to the insufficient evidence regarding the reluctance to accept COVID-19 vaccination in Iran, the current study was designed to evaluate barrier and motivator factors in receiving COVID-19 vaccination among the healthcare workers of Tehran military hospitals.

Methods:
In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 272 healthcare workers of Tehran military hospitals were enrolled. Their demographic, as well as barrier and motivating factors, were prospectively recorded and analyzed. The chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used to compare the qualitative variables between groups. Also, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to evaluate the normal distribution of all quantitative parameters.

Results:
We found that 11 % had a history of vaccination against COVID-19, and 89.3% were willing to be vaccinated if the Covid vaccine was available. As obtained, the highest scores for barrier factors in receiving COVID-19 vaccine among the healthcare workers of Tehran military hospitals were belief in having a sufficient immune system (93.4 %), limitation to the number of vaccines (71 %), enough knowledge about all types of available vaccines (70.2 %), and the side effects of the vaccine (44.5 %), respectively. Furthermore, the highest scores for motivator factors in receiving COVID-19 vaccination were believing in the effect of vaccination (89 %) and the free vaccine available for staff (72.8 %), respectively.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, our study suggests that early on in a vaccination campaign, most healthcare workers prefer to be vaccinated with an available vaccine, whether in the present or in the future and also identifies several reasons underlying vaccine acceptance and hesitancy. These results could be used in the future to promote campaigns to increase vaccine acceptance. Thus, increasing healthcare workers’ knowledge and consultations are strictly recommended for preventing vaccine hesitancy. In this study, the healthcare workers of military hospitals were more willing to use vaccines for emerging diseases due to their awareness and the higher risk of deadly infectious diseases.
Moving Forward With Telehealth in Cancer Rehabilitation: Patient Perspectives From a Mixed Methods Study
Authors: O'Neill Linda , Brennan Louise , Sheill Grainne , Connolly Deirdre , Guinan Emer , Hussey Juliette 
Published: September 2023

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the use of telehealth in cancer care and highlighted the potential of telehealth as a means of delivering the much-needed rehabilitation services for patients living with the side effects of cancer and its treatments.

Objective
This mixed methods study aims to explore patients’ experiences of telehealth and their preferences regarding the use of telehealth for cancer rehabilitation to inform service development.

Methods
The study was completed in 2 phases from October 2020 to November 2021. In phase 1, an anonymous survey (web- and paper-based) exploring the need, benefits, barriers, facilitators, and preferences for telehealth cancer rehabilitation was distributed to survivors of cancer in Ireland. In phase 2, survivors of cancer were invited to participate in semistructured interviews exploring their experiences of telehealth and its role in cancer rehabilitation. Interviews were conducted via telephone or video call following an interview guide informed by the results of the survey and transcribed verbatim, and reflexive thematic analysis was performed using a qualitative descriptive approach.

Results
A total of 48 valid responses were received. The respondents were at a median of 26 (range 3-256) months after diagnosis, and 23 (48%) of the 48 participants had completed treatment. Of the 48 respondents, 31 (65%) reported using telehealth since the start of the pandemic, 15 (31%) reported having experience with web-based cancer rehabilitation, and 43 (90%) reported a willingness for web-based cancer rehabilitation. A total of 26 (54%) of the 48 respondents reported that their views on telehealth had changed positively since the start of the pandemic. Semistructured interviews were held with 18 survivors of cancer. The mean age of the participants was 58.9 (SD 8.24) years, 56% (10/18) of the participants were female, and 44% (8/18) of the participants were male. Reflexive thematic analysis identified 5 key themes: telehealth improves accessibility to cancer rehabilitation for some but is a barrier for others, lived experiences of the benefits of telehealth in survivorship, the value of in-person health care, telehealth in cancer care and COVID-19 (from novelty to normality), and the future of telehealth in cancer rehabilitation.

Conclusions
Telehealth is broadly welcomed as a mode of cancer rehabilitation for patients living with and beyond cancer in Ireland. However, issues regarding accessibility and the importance of in-person care must be acknowledged. Factors of convenience, time savings, and cost savings indicate that telehealth interventions are a desirable patient-centered method of delivering care when performed in suitable clinical contexts and with appropriate populations.
Come to be stranded: the dynamics of refugee influx in three Indonesian government regimes
Authors: Aditya Bagas , Pitoyo Agus Joko 
Published: September 2023

Abstrak. Indonesia telah menjadi salah satu negara transit pengungsi sejak abad ke-20. Namun, hanya beberapa sarjana yang mempelajari dinamikanya. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan dinamika pengungsi internasional di Indonesia dari tahun 1978 hingga 2022 dengan menggunakan pendekatan geografi sejarah dan desktop research. Studi ini menemukan bahwa pengungsi yang masuk ke Indonesia pada masa Orde Baru dan masa Transisi mayoritas berasal dari Asia Tenggara. Krisis besar yang terjadi pada masa itu antara lain krisis manusia perahu, krisis pengungsi Kamboja, pengusiran warga Timor Timur, dan krisis pengungsi MENA. Pada era reformasi hingga saat ini, jumlah pengungsi dan sebaran negara asal semakin meningkat dengan krisis utama adalah krisis laut Andaman dan krisis Rohingya. Faktor-faktor yang mendasari para pengungsi internasional memilih Indonesia sebagai negara suaka adalah kedekatan geografis, konflik regional, kedekatan sosial, sejarah, dan budaya, serta kebijakan anti pengungsi dari negara penerima. Sementara itu, kebijakan internal terkait pengungsi antar pemerintahan tidak terlalu berpengaruh pada dinamika pengungsi sebab indonesia konstan pada posisinya sebagai non penerima pengungsi. Abstract. Since the twentieth century, Indonesia has been a refugee transit country. However, only a few academics have investigated its dynamics. This study uses historical geography and desktop research methods to explain the dynamics of international refugees in Indonesia from 1978 to 2022. According to this study, most refugees who arrived in Indonesia during the New Order era and the crisis transition period were from Southeast Asia. The boat people crisis, the Cambodian refugee crisis, the East Timorese refugees, and the MENA refugee crisis were all major crises at the time. The number of refugees and the distribution of countries of origin have increased during the reform era, with the main crises being the Andaman Sea and the Syrian refugee crises. Geographic proximity, regional conflicts, social, historical, and cultural proximity, as well as the receiving country's anti-refugee policies, all contribute to international refugees choosing Indonesia as a country of asylum. Meanwhile, internal refugee policies have little impact on the dynamics of refugees because Indonesia continues to be a non-recipient of refugees.
Learners’ Graphical Efficacy When Solving Trigonometric Problems
Authors: Mutodi Paul , Maphutha Kgaladi 
Published: September 2023

This study explored grade 12 learners’ graphical efficacy when solving problems involving trigonometric graphs. A structured test consisting of five trigonometric problems, with variations in context and structure, was administered to a purposefully selected group of 25 Grade 12 learners from the Sekhukhune District in South Africa. Insights into learners' graphing efficacy were obtained through task-based interviews. Data were analysed using direct interpretation which involved deductive thematic analysis of the task-based interviews and content analysis of the test scripts to match learners’ responses to the themes drawn from the Meta-Representational Competence (MRC) framework. The results showed that most learners lack invention and functioning, critiquing and reflection efficacies and hence this affected their drawing and interpretation of the graphs and consequently lead to incorrect solutions. Furthermore, the results show most learners have critiquing efficacy. This indicates that learners lack graphical efficacy for solving trigonometric problems involving trigonometric functions. This finding has pedagogic implications: the apparent lack of graphical efficacy in graphical solutions may suggest inadequate mastery of the concept. Therefore, this study recommends that the teaching and learning of trigonometric graphs should consider the development of invention, functioning, critiquing and reflection efficacies.
EFFECT OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT) SCAN EXPOSURE ON HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS
Authors: AKIANA Francis , ATIPO Olivia Firmine Galiba Tsimba , M’KACHER Radhia , DOSSOU Julien , MEDENOU Daton 
Published: September 2023

Background and aims: CT scan is more used in diagnosis; however, this examined was delivered a low dose estimated approximately to 50 mGy. In this study, the impact of CT scan exposure on hematological parameters for Congo-Brazzaville patients was analyzed.
Methods: Blood samples have been obtained from 61 patients including 23 young patients (<17 years). Blood sample was obtained before and 24h after CT-scan exposure from three different hospitals Congo-Brazzaville. 30 healthy donors have been included as a control. Hematological parameters have been analyzed using software.
Results: Significant decrease of red blood and hemoglobin were observed after 24 h of CT scan exposure for all patients (p=0.0002 and p=0.0004 respectively). Significant increase of white blood and granulocyte were observed only in adult patients (p=0.0057 and p=0.011 respectively). Significant correlation was observed between the Abdominal-Pleven CT-scan and the variation of white blood and granulocytes. Interestingly, decrease of lymphocytes was observed in adult patients and lymphocyte increase was detected in young patients.
Conclusion: We were demonstrated for the first time the variation of hematological parameters after exposure to be very lower doses such as CT-Scan doses. These variations could be reflected inflammatory reactions. Additional analysis can be performed for the validation of these data using a large cohort.

Peer Review History:
Received: 23 June 2023; Revised: 18 July; Accepted: 25 August, Available online: 15 September 2023
Academic Editor: Prof. Dr. Gorkem Dulger, Duzce University, Turkey, gorkemdulger@yandex.com
Received file: Reviewer's Comments:
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.0/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Dr. Sheikh Abdul Khaliq, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Karachi, Pakistan, drsheikh1974@gmail.com
Prof. Hassan A.H. Al-Shamahy, Sana'a University, Yemen, shmahe@yemen.net.ye
Ali Jaber, Laboratory for Research and Development of Medicines and Natural Products, RDMPN, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon, ali.jaber.2@ul.edu.lb