bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validity of ICD codes to identify do-not-resuscitate orders among older adults with heart failure: A single center study
Authors: Callahan Katherine , Acharya Yubraj , Hollenbeak Christopher S. 
Published: March 2023

Background
Observational research on the advance care planning (ACP) process is limited by a lack of easily accessible ACP variables in many large datasets. The objective of this study was to determine whether International Classification of Disease (ICD) codes for do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders are valid proxies for the presence of a DNR recorded in the electronic medical record (EMR).

Methods
We studied 5,016 patients over the age of 65 who were admitted to a large, mid-Atlantic medical center with a primary diagnosis of heart failure. DNR orders were identified in billing records from ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes. DNR orders were also identified in the EMR by a manual search of physician notes. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated as well as measures of agreement and disagreement. In addition, estimates of associations with mortality and costs were calculated using the DNR documented in EMR and the DNR proxy identified in ICD codes.

Results
Relative to the gold standard of the EMR, DNR orders identified in ICD codes had an estimated sensitivity of 84.6%, specificity of 96.6%, positive predictive value of 90.5%, and negative predictive value of 94.3%. The estimated kappa statistic was 0.83, although McNemar’s test suggested there was some systematic disagreement between the DNR from ICD codes and the EMR.

Conclusions
ICD codes appear to provide a reasonable proxy for DNR orders among hospitalized older adults with heart failure. Further research is necessary to determine if billing codes can identify DNR orders in other populations.
TYPES OF CONTROLLING IN THE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATION
Authors: Semina L.A. , Chernysheva O.G. 
Published: March 2023

The formation of various types of controlling systems in the management system of industrial organizations acts as the most important economic direction of modern reality, which is primarily caused by the constant growth of difficulties arising in the system of market relations. Controlling acts as a kind of stimulant in relation to managerial processes, which one way or another allows you to «notify» the management of an organization (including industrial) about a potential failure in its work, and the target setting of controlling is precisely to report a «signal» about ongoing changes.
The article discusses the main types of controlling, which are reflected in modern literature. At the same time, it is determined that there is no such type of it as «controlling counterparties», as a result of which the author's definition of this term is formed. It is proposed to understand it as a system that ensures control of customers of industrial products, as well as suppliers, in order to prevent delays in payments, optimize the credit policy in relation to organizations that delay payment, which, in turn, causes additional financial losses associated with the diversion of funds.
Introducing Paul Cobley: a graphic guide
Authors: Barreto E. Israel Chávez , Favareau Donald 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Within the discipline of semiotics, written text remains the primary mode of communication and analysis, despite the fact that, as all good semioticians know, signs occur in all modalities – which is why we think of artists and musicians, no less than novelists and poets, as applied semioticians par excellence. In 1997, Paul Cobley and Litza Jansz combined the semiotic tools of words and drawings to produce what is undoubtedly one of the most successful and influential texts for the dissemination of semiotic theory: the illustrated graphic guide called Semiotics for beginners (later published as Introducing semiotics). On the occasion of this well-deserved festschrift honoring Paul’s life of work in semiotics, the authors felt it most appropriate to pay homage to Paul – and to the graphic guide with which he has inspired countless readers across the world to better understand the fundamentals of semiotics – by once again combining the semiotic tools of words and drawings to illustrate the ideas and history of this master semiotician.
Robust synergetic control of electric vehicle equipped with an improved load torque observer
Authors: Boumegouas Mohammed Kabir Billal , Kouzi Katia , Birame M’hamed 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
For environmental reasons, a great effort was focused on the improvement of the steady-state performance and dynamic performance of electric vehicles (EV). The EV is one of the cleanest and most ecological transport solutions. Accurate knowledge of EV load torque signals is important information for controlling and improving EV active safety. The estimation of load torque in EV drive contributes to cost reduction and solves many of the implementation problems encountered: lack of space, and severe environment. On this basis, in this research, our contribution contains two parts. The first part is the conception of a new scheme of control based on synergetic control (SC) for the speed of an EV propelled by a Six-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSMs) is developed. This control technique offers a fast response, decreases the size of modeled system, and asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system in a vast domain. The second part deals with the synthesis of the sliding mode observer (SMO) to estimate load torque, compensate for strong disturbances and achieve high servo precisions. Moreover, reducing the chattering is inherent in the conventional SMO, we have proposed to replace the switching observer term Ksign with a smooth function and super twisting algorithm. The obtained simulation results proved the high performance assured by the synergetic control such as robustness and dynamic performance, and good estimation accuracy with free chattering even in strong noises.
Upregulation of lncRNA LANCL1-AS1 inhibits the progression of non-small-cell lung cancer via the miR-3680-3p/GMFG axis
Authors: Pan Hui , Peng Jing , Qiao Xiaoni , Gao Han 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have a low survival rate. Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) LANCL1 antisense RNA 1 (LANCL1-AS1) was indicated to be downregulated in NSCLC; however, its detailed function in NSCLC is unanswered. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed the downregulation of LANCL1-AS1 in NSCLC cell lines and subcellular fractionation assay showed that LANCL1-AS1 was mainly located in the cytoplasm of NSCLC cells. Cell counting kit-8, Transwell, and tube formation assays displayed that overexpression of LANCL1-AS1 suppressed NSCLC cell proliferation, migration, invasiveness, and angiogenesis in vitro. Animal experiments validated the tumor-suppressive role of LANCL1-AS1 in tumor-bearing mice. Mechanistically, LANCL1-AS1 upregulated glia maturation factor gamma (GMFG) expression by competitively binding to miR-3680-3p. GMFG knockdown reversed LANCL1-AS1 overexpression-mediated inhibitory impact on NSCLC malignant behaviors. Collectively, LANCL1-AS1 upregulation inhibits the progression of NSCLC by modulating the miR-3680-3p/GMFG axis.
Meta-analysis of the benefits of dietary Saccharomyces cerevisiae intervention on milk yield and component characteristics in lactating small ruminants
Authors: Ogbuewu Ifeanyichukwu Princewill , Mbajiorgu Christian Anayo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Milk yield and components in small ruminants fed Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC) have been investigated, but results were not consistent among investigators. Hence, this trial aimed to explore the efficacy of SC supplementation in improving milk yield and components (i.e., milk proteins, fat, lactose, total solids and ash) in small ruminants. A search performed in Scopus, PubMed and Google Scholar databases yield 1,826 studies, of which 26 met the inclusion criteria. Random-effects model was used to aggregate milk production variables. Meta-regression analysis examined the effect of the following moderators: SC type, ruminant type (sheep or goat), diet type, breed, duration of supplementation and supplementation levels on outcome measures. Subgroup analysis explored the influence of the following moderators: SC type and ruminant type on outcomes measures. SC had positive moderate effect on milk yield (standardised mean difference [SMD] = 0.72; p < 0.001; heterogeneity [I
2] = 73%) and small effect on milk proteins (SMD = 0.46; p = 0.004; I
2 = 83%), milk lactose (SMD = 0.17; p = 0.007; I
2 = 0%) and fat (SMD = 0.28; p = 0.016; I
2 = 70%). Subgroup analysis revealed that SC improved milk yield, lactose and proteins in lactating sheep and milk yield and fat in lactating goats. Our results show that moderators influenced the results of the meta-analysis and explained most of the sources of heterogeneity. In conclusion, SC should be included in small ruminant diets as it had small-to-moderate effects on milk yield and aspects of milk components.
Rice thermoplastic starch nanocomposite films reinforced with nanocellulose
Authors: Vilas Boas Eduardo Valério de Barros , do Lago Rafael Carvalho , Oliveira Ana Lázara Matos de 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Rice starch is a raw material with proven potential in obtaining biodegradable polymers. Plasticization improves the flexibility characteristics of starch-based films, although they still tend to have low tensile strength and high hydrophilicity. The addition of nanocellulosic materials is an alternative to improve these characteristics. In this chapter, the effects of adding different sources and concentrations of nanocellulose (NC) on the properties of thermoplastic rice starch films (TRSF) are addressed. One can highlight as main effects the increase of tensile strength and transparency of the films, the reduction of water vapor permeability and water solubility. The type of NC used, the way it is obtained, as well as its interaction with starch molecules are factors that influence the effects. Further studies involving the interaction of TRSF and NC should be conducted in order to overcome the lack of information.
Catalyst-free direct synthesis of indeno[1,2-b]indol-5(4bH)-yl benzimidamides
Authors: Gomaa Mohsen A.-M. , Hassan Doaa K. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A new series of indeno[1,2-b]indol-5(4bH)-ylbenzimidamide derivatives 3a–3j has been synthesized as potential casein kinase II (CK2) inhibitors. A convenient and straightforward synthesis protocol was used via a reaction of β-enaminones 1a–1j with ninhydrin 2. This transformation proceeds under mild conditions (boiling ethanol, 0.5 h) in absence of catalyst in good to excellent yields (66–86%). The new compounds have been characterized by NMR, HRMS and IR spectra.
Single‐cell analysis of lymphatic endothelial cell fate specification and differentiation during zebrafish development
Authors: Grimm Lin , Mason Elizabeth , Yu Hujun , Dudczig Stefanie , Panara Virginia , Chen Tyrone , Bower Neil I , Paterson Scott , Rondon Galeano Maria , Kobayashi Sakurako , Senabouth Anne , Lagendijk Anne K , Powell Joseph , Smith Kelly A , Okuda Kazuhide S , Koltowska Katarzyna , Hogan Benjamin M 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDuring development, the lymphatic vasculature forms as a second network derived chiefly from blood vessels. The transdifferentiation of embryonic venous endothelial cells (VECs) into lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) is a key step in this process. Specification, differentiation and maintenance of LEC fate are all driven by the transcription factor Prox1, yet the downstream mechanisms remain to be elucidated. We here present a single‐cell transcriptomic atlas of lymphangiogenesis in zebrafish, revealing new markers and hallmarks of LEC differentiation over four developmental stages. We further profile single‐cell transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility changes in zygotic prox1a mutants that are undergoing a LEC‐VEC fate shift. Using maternal and zygotic prox1a/prox1b mutants, we determine the earliest transcriptomic changes directed by Prox1 during LEC specification. This work altogether reveals new downstream targets and regulatory regions of the genome controlled by Prox1 and presents evidence that Prox1 specifies LEC fate primarily by limiting blood vascular and haematopoietic fate. This extensive single‐cell resource provides new mechanistic insights into the enigmatic role of Prox1 and the control of LEC differentiation in development.
Genetic testing can change diagnosis and treatment in children with congenital hypothyroidism
Authors: Kara Cengiz , Mammadova Jamala , Abur Ümmet , Gumuskaptan Cagri , İzci Güllü Elif , Dağdemir Ayhan , Aydın Murat 
Published: March 2023

Objective
Guidelines on congenital hypothyroidism (CH) recommend that genetic testing should aim to improve diagnosis, treatment or prognosis, but it is unclear which patients would benefit most from the genetic investigation. We aimed to investigate the genetic etiology of transient CH (TCH) and permanent CH (PCH) in a well-characterized cohort, and thereby evaluate the impact of genetic testing on the management and prognosis of children with CH.

Methods
A total of 48 CH patients with normal, goitrous (n 5) or hypoplastic thyroid (n 5) were studied by high-throughput sequencing using a custom-designed 23-gene panel. Patients initially categorized as TCH (n 15), PCH (n 26) and persistent hyperthyrotropinemia (PHT, n 7) were re-evaluated after genetic testing.

Results
Re-evaluation based on genetic testing changed the initial diagnoses from PCH to PHT (n 2) or TCH (n 3) and from PHT to TCH (n 5), which resulted in a final distribution of TCH (n 23), PCH (n 21) and PHT (n 4). Genetic analysis also allowed us to discontinue treatment in five patients with monoallelic TSHR or DUOX2, or no pathogenic variants. The main reasons for changes in diagnosis and treatment were the detection of monoallelic TSHR variants and the misdiagnosis of thyroid hypoplasia on neonatal ultrasound in low birthweight infants. A total of 41 (35 different, 15 novel) variants were detected in 65% (n 31) of the cohort. These variants, which most frequently affected TG, TSHR and DUOX2, explained the genetic etiology in 46% (n 22) of the patients. The molecular diagnosis rate was significantly higher in patients with PCH (57%, n 12) than TCH (26%, n 6).

Conclusions
Genetic testing can change diagnosis and treatment decisions in a small proportion of children with CH, but the resulting benefit may outweigh the burden of lifelong follow-up and treatment.
La Industria 4.0 y los riesgos laborales de los riders en el Perú
Authors: Chauca Salas Max Henry 
Published: March 2023

El presente artículo aborda el tema de los riesgos laborales que se presentan bajo las nuevas modalidades de reparto vía aplicativo en el actual contexto de la Industria 4.0, con especial énfasis en el caso peruano. Así, el estudio tiene por objetivo demostrar la urgente necesidad de regular la protección de los riders frente a los riesgos laborales que se presentan bajo esta nueva modalidad, con independencia de su reconocimiento como trabajo subordinado o autónomo. Efectivamente, el problema de los riders en el Perú tiene como punto medular ser una actividad que no se encuentra protegida por el Derecho Laboral, al no ser considerada como un trabajo subordinado. De igual modo, a nivel nacional tampoco existen pronunciamientos jurisprudenciales sobre este problema. En materia de seguridad y salud en el trabajo en el Perú, debido a su ubicación en una zona gris del derecho laboral, su protección frente a los riesgos se ve sumamente limitada. Se plantea así, la necesidad de una normativa especial que incluya la protección de los riders frente a los nuevos riesgos laborales que se generan con la implementación de las nuevas tecnologías en el contexto de la Industria 4.0.
The Place of Politics in I. Kant’s Structure of Pure Reason
Authors: Jokūbaitis Alvydas 
Published: March 2023

Kant’s political philosophy is usually seen as a coherent part of his philosophical system. However, politics is not an integral part of his conception of pure reason. The aim of the article is to find the place of politics in Kant’s structure of pure reason. The paper attempts to provide an answer to the question why Kant did not undertake an investigation of politics as a part of his analysis of the structure of pure reason. It is argued that the central place of the problem of metaphysics was the cause behind this neglect. Transcendental dialectic in Critique of Pure Reason is the place where for the first time principles of the analysis of political ideas are presented. However, Kant did not see that with his transcendental dialectics he entered the realm of politics, he did not put forward an analysis of the nature of political ideas. The place of politics in Kant’s structure of pure reason can be determined by paying close attention to three main factors – conception of transcendental ideas, the primacy of practical reason and aesthetic ideas. Kant did not provide a unified account of these three elements, which are necessary to understand the place of politics in the structure of pure reason.
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Length of Stay for Common Pediatric Diagnoses: Trends From 2016 to 2019
Authors: Harrington Yevgeniya , Rauch Daniel A. , Leary Jana C. 
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Inequities in pediatric illness include unequal treatment and outcomes for children of historically marginalized races/ethnicities. Length of stay (LOS) is used to assess health care quality and is associated with higher costs/complications. Studies show LOS disparities for Black and Hispanic children in specific diagnoses, but it is unclear how broadly they exist or how they change over time. We examined the association between race/ethnicity and LOS longitudinally for the most common pediatric inpatient diagnoses.

METHODS
We used the 2016 and 2019 Kids’ Inpatient Databases. The 10 most frequent diagnoses in 2016 were determined. For each diagnosis in each year, we assessed the association between race and LOS by fitting a generalized linear mixed effects model with a negative binomial distribution, accounting for clustering and confounding. Using descriptive statistics, we compared associations between the 2 years for trends over time.

RESULTS
Our analysis included &gt;450 000 admissions and revealed significantly longer LOS for Black, Hispanic, and/or Asian American or Pacific Islander, Native American, and other children in 8 of the 10 diagnoses in 2016, with mixed changes over time. Three new disparities emerged in 2019. The largest disparities were for Black children in most diagnoses.

CONCLUSIONS
Kids’ Inpatient Database data showed longer LOS for children of historically marginalized race/ethnicity with common pediatric inpatient diagnoses, which largely persisted from 2016 to 2019. There is no plausible biological explanation for these findings, and inequities in social needs, access to care, and quality of care likely contribute. Future directions include further study to understand and address contributing factors.
Packaging waste and recycle in EU
Authors: Vuk Aliz , Szűcs István , Bauerné Gáthy Andrea 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNowadays, the use of plastic is very widespread, especially in packaging materials. Most packaging materials are made from fossil-based polymers, which contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions. The unprecedented leakage of single-use plastic waste into the environment is a major problem, with negative impacts on both ecosystems and human health. In this study we examine the development of packaging waste and recycled packaging in the European Union over a period of more than 20 years, highlighting changes in the regulatory context; assess the achievements of Hungary so far and forecast the expected developing of packaging volumes and recycling rates; and consider recycling and waste reduction options, including alternative sustainable packaging options. Our forecast based on the evidence shows that Hungary (47.62%), Germany (61.46%), Malta (26.27%), Romania (58.64%) and Croatia (49.41%) are not expected to reach the target set (65% by 2025) in EU legislation. Out of the 27 countries surveyed, 6 (Belgium 88.2%, the Netherlands 87.81%, Luxembourg 76.96%, the Czech Republic 77.79%, Finland 78.75% and Denmark 83.7%) exceeded the expectations, so we show their waste management and waste recycling good practice, as they can serve as good examples for Hungary and other countries.
A study on the impact of green infrastructure on microclimate and thermal comfort
Authors: He Qingchang , Reith Andras 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study focuses on exploring the impact of urban forms and vegetation combination patterns on the microclimate in a complex urban environment. Results shown that the closed urban form has higher air temperature resulting in pedestrians are easier to feel heat stress; instead, the open urban form usually has higher wind speed. Vegetation can effectively reduce wind speed while reducing the change rate of the mean radiant temperature. However, the effect on air temperature and humidity are most distinct in the morning. Trees and shrubs could improve the surrounding thermal comfort conditions by reducing heat stress, but this effect depends on the density of the leaf area. More importantly, study has not found that the ground cover plants contribute to the improvement of thermal comfort.
COMUNIDADES EDUCACIONAIS: UMA HISTORIOGRAFIA DE PRÁTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS NÃO-CONVENCIONAIS EM ESCOLAS-INTERNATOS, COLÔNIAS, ORFANATOS E ESCOLAS-RESIDÊNCIA
Authors: Mioto Luis Henrique , Oliveira Sandra Regina Ferreira de 
Published: March 2023

Este artigo busca compor um panorama histórico da organização pedagógica e institucional do que estamos denominando de “comunidades educacionais não-convencionais”, ou seja, instituições que mesclaram a prática escolar com a moradia dos educadores e educandos, onde crianças e adultos residem e coabitam no espaço em que aprendem e se educam, formando “internatos”, “colônias”, “orfanatos”, “escolas-residência” que se organizam com seus membros gestando coletivamente a instituição e propondo importantes transformações nos processos educacionais com consideráveis graus de autonomia e criatividade pedagógica.
Partimos das instituições coordenadas por Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi, Friedrich Froebel e Liev Tolstoi, depois discutimos as comunidades educacionais anarquistas coordenadas por Paul Robin e Sébatien Faure, os orfanatos democráticos coordenados por Janusz Korczak, as colônias socialistas educacionais de Anton Semionovich Makarenko, o internato autogestionado de Homer Lane e os CIEPs no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Citamos também alguns casos mais recentes e ainda existentes, como a Summerhill School, as “escolas Krishnamurti” e a Escola SESC de Ensino Médio.
Utilizamos como método a análise de textos historiográficos e citamos algumas reportagens para os casos mais contemporâneos.
Pudemos concluir que o formato de “escolas-internatos” e orfanatos com inclusão de práticas escolares foram modelos institucionais paradigmáticos entre o século XVIII e início do século XX, e que na atualidade os poucos casos nestes formatos são mantidos por instituições por organizações religiosas. No entanto, trouxemos em nosso texto alguns exemplos de rompimento ao paradigma pedagógico convencional ocorrido em algumas comunidades educacionais contemporâneas.