bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New‐onset neurodegenerative diseases as long‐term sequelae of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Rahmati Masoud , Yon Dong Keon , Lee Seung Won , Soysal Pinar , Koyanagi Ai , Jacob Louis , Li Yusheng , Park Jong Mi , Kim Yong Wook , Shin Jae Il , Smith Lee 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe association between SARS‐CoV‐2 infection with increased risk for new‐onset neurodegenerative diseases remains unclear. Therefore, this meta‐analysis aims to elucidate whether new‐onset neurodegenerative diseases are long‐term sequelae of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. PubMed/MEDLINE, CENTRAL, and EMBASE were systematically searched for articles published up to January 10, 2023. A systematic review and meta‐analysis were performed to calculate the pooled effect size, expressed as hazard ratios (HR) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) of each outcome. Twelve studies involving 33 146 809 individuals (2 688 417 post‐COVID‐19 cases and 30 458 392 controls) were included in the present meta‐analysis. The pooled analyses compared with control groups showed a significant association between SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and increased risk for new‐onset Alzheimer's disease (HR = 1.50, 95% CI 1.22–1.85, I2 = 97%), dementia (HR = 1.66, 95% CI 1.42–1.94, I2 = 91%), and Parkinson's disease (HR = 1.44, 95% CI 1.06–1.95, I2 = 86%) among COVID‐19 survivors. SARS‐CoV‐2 infection may be associated with a higher risk for new‐onset neurodegenerative diseases in recovered COVID‐19 patients. Future studies are warranted to determine the biological mechanisms underlying the neurodegenerative consequences of COVID‐19 as long‐term sequelae of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.
Accelerating pandemic response with the emergency Omicron RT‐PCR test: A comprehensive solution for COVID‐19 diagnosis and tracking
Authors: Chung Hsing‐Yi , Jian Ming‐Jr , Chang Chih‐Kai , Lin Jung‐Chung , Yeh Kuo‐Ming , Chen Chien‐Wen , Hsieh Shan‐Shan , Hung Kuo‐Sheng , Chen Chi‐Sheng , Tang Sheng‐Hui , Perng Cherng‐Lih , Chang Feng‐Yee , Wang Chih‐Hung , Hung Yi‐Jen , Shang Hung‐Sheng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Omicron variant of concern (VOC) has surged in many countries and replaced the previously reported VOC. To identify different Omicron strains/sublineages on a rapid, convenient, and precise platform, we report a novel multiplex real‐time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) method in one tube based on the Omicron lineage sequence variants' information. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) subvariants were used in a PCR‐based assay for rapid identification of Omicron sublineage genotyping in 1000 clinical samples. Several characteristic mutations were analyzed using specific primers and probes for the spike gene, del69–70, and F486V. To distinguish Omicron sublineages (BA.2, BA.4, and BA.5), the NSP1:141–143del in the ORF1a region and D3N mutation in membrane protein occurring outside the spike protein region were analyzed. Results from the real‐time PCR assay for one‐tube accuracy were compared to those of whole genome sequencing. The developed PCR assay was used to analyze 400 SARS‐CoV‐2 positive samples. Ten samples determined as BA.4 were positive for NSP1:141–143del, del69–70, and F486V mutations; 160 BA.5 samples were positive for D3N, del69–70, and F486V mutations, and 230 BA.2 samples were without del69–70. Screening these samples allowed the identification of epidemic trends at different time intervals. Our novel one‐tube multiplex PCR assay was effective in identifying Omicron sublineages.
CEO ethical leadership as a unique source of substantive and rhetorical ethical signals for attracting job seekers: The moderating role of job seekers' moral identity
Authors: Ogunfowora Babatunde , Andiappan Meena , Stackhouse Madelynn , Varty Christianne 
Published: July 2023

SummaryResearch suggests that CSR is increasingly becoming an ambiguous signal of ethical information for external stakeholders. This is because a variety of firms—including those that are morally responsible and those that have been implicated in corporate scandals—routinely adopt CSR policies and invest in CSR initiatives. Not surprisingly, this trend has contributed to rising public skepticism of CSR. In the current research, we examine the unique role of CEO ethical leadership (i.e., relative to CSR) as an alternate source of substantive and rhetorical ethical signals for an important stakeholder group: job seekers. Integrating signaling theory, and the elaboration likelihood model, we argue that CEO ethical leadership substantively signals how fairly an organization treats its employees and its commitment to social and environmental responsibility. We further propose that ethical CEOs serve as a source of rhetorical signal that triggers moral elevation in job seekers. Using a policy capturing methodology in Study 1, we find that real job seekers place significantly greater weight on CEO ethical leadership in making job pursuit decisions compared to CSR. CEO ethical leadership also uniquely predicts job pursuit intentions relative to traditional factors such as salary, person‐job fit, and person‐organization fit. In a second, quasi‐experimental field study (Study 2), we find support for the three hypothesized signaling mechanisms through which CEO ethical leadership influences job seekers. In a third, quasi‐experimental field study (Study 3), we find that job seekers with strong (versus weak) moral identities are more likely to weigh the nuanced ethical information signaled by CEO ethical leadership compared to CSR. We discuss the implications of proactively advertising CEO ethical leadership during the recruitment process.
Improved methods to construct prediction intervals for network meta‐analysis
Authors: Noma Hisashi , Hamura Yasuyuki , Sugasawa Shonosuke , Furukawa Toshi A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNetwork meta‐analysis has played an important role in evidence‐based medicine for assessing the comparative effectiveness of multiple available treatments. The prediction interval has been one of the standard outputs in recent network meta‐analysis as an effective measure that enables simultaneous assessment of uncertainties in treatment effects and heterogeneity among studies. To construct the prediction interval, a large‐sample approximating method based on the t‐distribution has generally been applied in practice; however, recent studies have shown that similar t‐approximation methods for conventional pairwise meta‐analyses can substantially underestimate the uncertainty under realistic situations. In this article, we performed simulation studies to assess the validity of the current standard method for network meta‐analysis, and we show that its validity can also be violated under realistic situations. To address the invalidity issue, we developed two new methods to construct more accurate prediction intervals through bootstrap and Kenward–Roger‐type adjustment. In simulation experiments, the two proposed methods exhibited better coverage performance and generally provided wider prediction intervals than the ordinary t‐approximation. We also developed an R package, PINMA (https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/PINMA/), to perform the proposed methods using simple commands. We illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods through applications to two real network meta‐analyses.
Clinical outcomes and cost of open, laparoscopic, and percutaneous ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Vega Eduardo A. , Agudile Emeka , Salirrosas Oscar , Chirban Ariana M. , Brauner Eran , Crocker Andrew , Freeman Richard , Sorescu George P. , Odisio Bruno C. , Conrad Claudius 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundOpen (OA), laparoscopic (LA), and percutaneous (PA) ablation are all ablation approaches for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) utilized in the United States today. However, it remains unclear today which approach is (A) most effective, (B) cost‐efficient, and (C) nationally practiced.MethodsIn‐hospital mortality and cost were collected from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database for patients undergoing liver ablation from 2011 to 2018. Secondary outcomes included length of stay, disposition, and perioperative composite complications. We used inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) to adjust for differences in patient and hospital baseline characteristics.ResultsOne thousand and one hundred and twenty‐five LA, 1221 OA, and 1068 PA liver ablations were analyzed. After IPTW, in‐hospital mortality risk was significantly lower in PA versus OA cohorts (0.57% vs. 2.90%, p < 0.001) and reduced among PA patients, yet not significantly different from the LA cohort (0.57% vs. 1.64%, p = 0.056). The median length of hospital stay was significantly lower in the PA and LA group compared to OA (2 days vs. 6 days, p < 0.001). The median hospitalization costs were significantly lower for PA ($44,884 vs. $90,187, p < 0.001) and LA ($61,445 vs. $90,187, p < 0.001) compared to OA. Moreover, we found significant regional differences regarding the use of each ablation approach, with the Midwest having the lowest rates of PA and LA.ConclusionsAmong patients hospitalized after ablation for HCC, PA leads to the lowest hospital cost. Both PA and LA result in lower peri‐operative morbidity and mortality relative to OA. Despite these reported advantages, there are significant regional differences with respect to ablation availability suggesting the need to promote the standardization of best practices.
Alu Retrotransposition Event in SPAST Gene as a Novel Cause of Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia
Authors: Chen Yi‐Jun , Wang Meng‐Wen , Qiu Yu‐Sen , Yuan Ru‐Ying , Wang Ning , Lin Xiang , Chen Wan‐Jin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo diagnose the molecular cause of hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) observed in a four‐generation family with autosomal dominant inheritance.MethodsMultiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA), whole‐exome sequencing (WES), and RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) of peripheral blood leukocytes were performed. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and Sanger sequencing were used to characterize target regions of SPAST.ResultsA 121‐bp AluYb9 insertion with a 30‐bp poly‐A tail flanked by 15‐bp direct repeats on both sides was identified in the edge of intron 16 in SPAST that segregated with the disease phenotype.ConclusionsWe identified an intronic AluYb9 insertion inducing splicing alteration in SPAST causing pure HSP phenotype that was not detected by routine WES analysis. Our findings suggest RNA‐seq is a recommended implementation for undiagnosed cases by first‐line diagnostic approaches. © 2023 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Nursing student learning of evidence‐based nursing through case‐based learning and flipped learning: A mixed study
Authors: Yao Jiannan , Yuan Hua , Zhu Mingyue , Wang Jia , Wang Qiuchen , Chen Zhiming , Chen Yahong , Zhang Xiuying 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimTo evaluate a teaching experience in evidence‐based nursing learning through case‐based learning (CBL) and flipped learning (FL).DesignEmbedded mixed methods study.MethodsIn the first phase, a questionnaire on utility, satisfaction and perceived competency development is used to collect quantitative data, and the open question instrument is used to collect qualitative data. After the first phase, an in‐depth semi‐structured interview is used.ResultsFive themes are identified: the enhancement of learning content, knowledge integration and transfer, the development of teamwork competency, the didactic support of FL and the difficulties and challenges faced by students. Regarding utility, ‘combine theory and practice’ and ‘select the best evidence from what is found in the search’ have the highest values. The most developed skills are communication and critical thinking ability. Finally, most participants are satisfied.ConclusionsThe combination of CBL and FL is an innovative strategy for learning evidence‐based nursing courses.No Patient or Public Contribution.
Applying a co‐design approach with key stakeholders to design interventions to reduce illegal wildlife consumption
Authors: Hu Sifan , Liang Zhijian , Zhou Kaiwen , Veríssimo Diogo , Lee Tien Ming , Ruan Xiangdong , Hinsley Amy 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Co‐design, an approach that seeks to incorporate the experiences and perspectives of different stakeholders, is increasingly being used to develop audience‐oriented behaviour change interventions.

The complexity of wildlife consumption behaviour makes the co‐design approach an important potential tool for the design of conservation interventions that aim to reduce illegal wildlife trade. Yet, little is known about how to adapt and apply the co‐design approach to the wildlife trade sector.

Here, we applied a co‐design approach to develop interventions aimed at reducing illegal animal‐based medicine consumption in China. We conducted three workshops with key stakeholders: consumers of animal‐based medicines, pharmacy workers who sell them and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) doctors who prescribe them. We then developed a theory of change to ensure the relevance of the co‐designed intervention prototypes.

Our co‐design process identified five main pathways of interventions, including two inclusive solutions that may have been previously overlooked in behaviour change work in this context. These were an intervention to promote the appropriate use of TCM and one to increase consumers' capacity to identify the legality of products. Our prototype interventions also enhanced existing views related to the role of medical practitioners in health‐risk communication.

We used our co‐design process and reflections on its application to this specific market to provide guidelines for future conservation program planning in the broader wildlife trade context. Some intervention prototypes produced during co‐design may need wider stakeholder involvement to increase their feasibility for implementation.

We show that the co‐design process can integrate multiple stakeholders' perspectives in the ideation stage, and has the potential to produce inclusive intervention designs that could drive innovation in conservation efforts to reduce illegal consumption of a range of wild species.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Protect aramid materials from UV‐induced damage by ANF and ANF/light stabilizer composites
Authors: Nie Jingyi , Liao Jianfei , Wang Danni , Zhang Meiyun , Lu Zhaoqing , Yang Bin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAramid materials have been applied in many important civil and military fields. But a major drawback to aramid materials is the susceptibility to UV‐induced damage. In this work, aramid nanofibers (ANFs) and ANF/nano‐ZnO composites were used to protect aramid materials from UV‐induced damage. ANF protective layer was created on the surface of aramid fibers, and the ANF‐coated aramid fibers could be further prepared to aramid paper. Moreover, ANF/nano‐ZnO composites were synthesized and used for stronger UV‐blocking ability. ANFs provided effective protection to aramid material. The properties after UV exposure (about 9.3 years in the natural environment) were largely improved: ANFs improved the retention rate of strength by 17.96% for aramid fibers and by 16.93% for aramid paper. ANFs also showed synergistic effect with UV‐absorbing inorganic nanoparticles. After UV exposure, the tensile strength of aramid paper with ANF/nano‐ZnO composites was even higher than the initial value (121.55%), and the retention rate of strength was 2.43 times higher than the original aramid paper.
Fabrication of pH‐sensitive double cross‐linked sodium alginate/chitosan hydrogels for controlled release of amoxicillin
Authors: Feyisa Zerihun , Gupta Neeraj Kumar , Edossa Gemechu Deressa , Sundaramurthy Anandhakumar , Kapoor Ashish , Inki Leta Guta 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis research aims to fabricate a potent pH‐sensitive double network sodium alginate/chitosan hydrogel cross‐linked by calcium chloride (CaCl2) and glutaraldehyde for the controlled release of amoxicillin (AMX) to mitigate gastrointestinal tract bacterial infection. The effect of polymer ratios and CaCl2 concentration is investigated by the developing porosity, gel fraction, and swelling ratios in simulated physiological fluids of different pH and in vitro biodegradation at pH 7.4. Interaction between the polymers with the formation of cross‐linked structures, amorphous phase nature, good thermal stability, and transition from porous, fibrous structures to highly densified structures of the hydrogels is revealed by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, x‐ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. Based on structure–property relationships, a sodium alginate/chitosan hydrogel (weight ratio 75:25) cross‐linked with 2% CaCl2 and soaked in 2% (25 wt/v% solutions) glutaraldehyde is chosen for the incorporation of 200 mg of the drug. The percent cumulative AMX release in physiological fluids and the drug release kinetics using different models reveal that the most appropriate Korsmeyer–Peppas model suggests AMX release from the matrix follows diffusion coupled with swelling‐regulated time‐dependent non‐Fickian transport process related to hydrogel erosion. Excellent antibacterial against Streptococcus pyogenes and Escherichia coli is exhibited by this composition.
Design of TDI modified oil‐in‐water emulsion and its application in explosive ink
Authors: Han Kai , Xie Zhanxiong , Deng Lingyu , Li Shijiao , Li Chenyang , Liu Yi , An Chongwei , Wang Jingyu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn order to solve the short stabilization time of the water‐in‐oil emulsion binder system and the shortcomings of the critical blast size of the explosive ink molding sample, a water‐in‐oil emulsion binder was designed with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) aqueous solution as the aqueous phase, fluorocarbon resin (FEVE) ethyl acetate solution as the oil phase, and toluene diisocyanate (TDI) added to modify the water‐in‐oil emulsion binder. The hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane(CL‐20)based explosive ink was made by incorporating submicron CL‐20 into the binder system, and the print‐formed samples were tested for microscopic morphology, crystallographic analysis, mechanical susceptibility, and detonation transmission performance. The results showed that the explosive ink‘s viscosity was moderate and suitable for direct printing, and the formed sample‘s surface particles were uniformly dispersed and had a honeycomb structure. The crystal form of CL‐20 explosive in the explosive ink did not change, the molded sample‘s impact and frictional sensitivities were 1 J and 32 N lower than those of submicron CL‐20, respectively, and the detonation velocity of the molded sample was 6655 m/s. The critical detonation size and critical detonation thickness were 1×0.0078 mm and 0.1 mm, respectively, and a critical detonation corner turning of 90°–160° could be achieved. The results show that the prepared binder system is stable for a long time, and the explosive ink molding samples have excellent blast transmission performance.
Multicomponent and mat Pilates training increased gait speed in individuals with Parkinson's disease when walking and carrying a load: A single‐blinded randomized controlled trial
Authors: de Faria Júlia , Sousa Lucas Resende , Dorásio Ana Cláudia Pamplona , Pereira Miriam Pimenta , Moraes Renato , Crozara Luciano Fernandes , Hallal Camilla Zamfolini 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeGait disorders in individuals with Parkinson's disease (IwPD) are among the most disabling symptoms. Physical exercise has been proposed for the treatment of IwPD because it shows positive effects on gait variables. Given the importance of physical activity in the rehabilitation process of IwPD, the assessment of interventions to identify those most promising for improving or maintaining gait performance is of great relevance. Therefore, this study evaluated the effects of Mat Pilates Training (MPT) and Multicomponent Training (MCT) on the spatiotemporal variables of gait in situations of daily dual‐task performance in IwPD. Gait analysis in a daily dual‐task context allows the simulation of real‐life conditions where individuals have a higher risk of falling than in single‐task walking.MethodsWe conducted a single‐blinded randomized controlled trial with 34 mild‐to‐moderate IwPD (Hoehn‐Yahr stage 1–2). They were randomized to one of two interventions: MPT or MCT. All participants performed the training for 60 min, three times per week, for 20 weeks. Spatiotemporal gait variables were evaluated in a daily life situation to increase the ecological validity of the measurements, which included gait speed, stride time, double support time, swing time, and cadence. The individuals walked on a platform holding two bags with a load corresponding to 10% of their body mass.ResultsAfter the intervention, there was a significant improvement in gait speed in both groups: MPT (p = 0.047) and MCT (p = 0.015). The MPT group reduced the cadence (p = 0.005) and the MCT group increased the stride length (p = 0.026) after the intervention.DiscussionBoth groups had positive effects on gait speed with load transport resulting from the two proposed interventions. However, the MPT group showed a spatiotemporal adjustment of speed and cadence that can increase gait stability, which was not found in the MCT group.
Assessment of the socio‐economic impacts associated with the arrival of apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata) in Mwea irrigation scheme, Kenya
Authors: Constantine Kate L. , Makale Fernadis , Mugambi Idah , Chacha Duncan , Rware Harrison , Muvea Alexander , Kipngetich Vincent K. , Tambo Justice , Ogunmodede Adewale , Djeddour Djami , Pratt Corin F. , Rwomushana Ivan , Williams Frances 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn Kenya, rice (Oryza sativa L.) is mainly produced under irrigation by small‐scale farmers. Mwea irrigation scheme (MIS) in Kirinyaga County accounts for 80–88% of rice production. Here, rice is the main source of livelihood and a source of revenue generation for the county. However, a recently established invasive freshwater snail, Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck) (family: Ampullariidae), a species of apple snail, presents a serious threat to rice production.ResultsHousehold surveys, focus group discussions and key informant interviews highlight apple snail as a serious problem in MIS. Households that observed at least a moderate level of infestation (>20% of cultivated area) experienced significant reductions in rice yield (~14%) and net rice income (~60%). Farmers reported increased use of chemical pesticides for management of apple snail. In addition, the cost of hired labor for physical removal of egg masses and snails is resulting in substantial negative effects on net income. Farmer age, area of land owned, responsibility for decision‐making, receipt of extension advice, training, and membership of a farmer organization, were all statistically significant variables to explain farmers awareness of the need for area‐wide apple snail management.ConclusionStrategies to limit the spread of apple snail are urgently needed. A Multi‐Institutional Technical Team (MITT) has been established to spearhead management efforts and consolidate advice to farmers on how to manage apple snail. However, without action to mitigate spread, the consequences could be disastrous for rice production and food security in Kenya, and for other rice growing regions across Africa. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.