bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Properties of cheese and ground beef in the presence of staghorn sumac
Authors: Wang Sunan , Nie Shaoping , Gan Ren‐You , Zhu Fan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCost‐effective and under‐exploited plant species as functional food ingredients represent alternatives to chemicals with safety concerns and potent toxicity. Staghorn sumac (Rhus typhina) is considered a good source of natural polyphenols, which can be introduced into food products to carry out some specific technological functions (e.g., antioxidation and preservation). However, sumac fruit as a spice is under‐explored for its diversified uses in various food products as a novel functional ingredient. This study explored the technological feasibility and sensory acceptability of two representative sumac‐fortified food systems, namely Cheddar cheese and ground beef. Extracts of sumac (0.5%−5%) dose‐dependently increased the total phenolic and anthocyanin contents, while reducing thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (up to 46%), total plate counts of bacteria (up to 4.5 log colony‐forming units [CFU]/g) and pH of the cheese. In fresh ground beef, sumac extract at concentrations of 1%−5% was effective in reducing the total aerobic counts of Escherichia coli inoculated fresh ground beef by 0.16−1.14 log CFU/g, while improving meat color and oxidative stability during a storage period of 7 days at 4°C. Phytochemical profiling by high‐performance liquid chromatography showed the presence of gallic acid, caffeic acid, ellagic acid, quercetin and anthocyanins in the sumac extracts. These compounds were possibly responsible for the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities in the evaluated food systems. Sensory acceptability of Cheddar cheese or cooked beef meatballs with sumac extract addition (0.5%−3%) were similar to their respective controls. This study provides a feasible approach to satisfy health‐conscious consumers who favor a natural multifunctional ingredient to preserve food products.
Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy: A critical view of the literature
Authors: Giussani Giorgia , Falcicchio Giovanni , La Neve Angela , Costagliola Giorgio , Striano Pasquale , Scarabello Anna , Mostacci Barbara , Beghi Ettore ,   the LICE SUDEP study group
Published: March 2023

AbstractSudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is a sudden, unexpected, witnessed or unwitnessed, non‐traumatic and non‐drowning death, occurring in benign circumstances, in an individual with epilepsy, with or without evidence for a seizure and excluding documented status epilepticus in which postmortem examination does not reveal other causes of death. Lower diagnostic levels are assigned when cases met most or all of these criteria, but data suggested more than one possible cause of death. The incidence of SUDEP ranged from 0.09 to 2.4 per 1000 person‐years. Differences can be attributed to the age of the study populations (with peaks in the 20–40‐year age group) and the severity of the disease. Young age, disease severity (in particular, a history of generalized TCS), having symptomatic epilepsy, and the response to antiseizure medications (ASMs) are possible independent predictors of SUDEP. The pathophysiological mechanisms are not fully known due to the limited data available and because SUDEP is not always witnessed and has been electrophysiologically monitored only in a few cases with simultaneous assessment of respiratory, cardiac, and brain activity. The pathophysiological basis of SUDEP may vary according to different circumstances that make that particular seizure, in that specific moment and in that patient, a fatal event. The main hypothesized mechanisms, which could contribute to a cascade of events, are cardiac dysfunction (included potential effects of ASMs, genetically determined channelopathies, acquired heart diseases), respiratory dysfunction (included postictal arousal deficit for the respiratory mechanism, acquired respiratory diseases), neuromodulator dysfunction, postictal EEG depression and genetic factors.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation‐evoked electroencephalography responses as biomarkers for epilepsy: A review of study design and outcomes
Authors: Gefferie Silvano R. , Jiménez‐Jiménez Diego , Visser Gerhard H. , Helling Robert M. , Sander Josemir W. , Balestrini Simona , Thijs Roland D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTranscranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) with electroencephalography (EEG), that is TMS‐EEG, may assist in managing epilepsy. We systematically reviewed the quality of reporting and findings in TMS‐EEG studies on people with epilepsy and healthy controls, and on healthy individuals taking anti‐seizure medication. We searched the Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed and Web of Science databases for original TMS‐EEG studies comparing people with epilepsy and healthy controls, and healthy subjects before and after taking anti‐seizure medication. Studies should involve quantitative analyses of TMS‐evoked EEG responses. We evaluated the reporting of study population characteristics and TMS‐EEG protocols (TMS sessions and equipment, TMS trials and EEG protocol), assessed the variation between protocols, and recorded the main TMS‐EEG findings. We identified 20 articles reporting 14 unique study populations and TMS methodologies. The median reporting rate for the group of people with epilepsy parameters was 3.5/7 studies and for the TMS parameters was 13/14 studies. TMS protocols varied between studies. Fifteen out of 28 anti‐seizure medication trials in total were evaluated with time‐domain analyses of single‐pulse TMS‐EEG data. Anti‐seizure medication significantly increased N45, and decreased N100 and P180 component amplitudes but in marginal numbers (N45: 8/15, N100: 7/15, P180: 6/15). Eight articles compared people with epilepsy and controls using different analyses, thus limiting comparability. The reporting quality and methodological uniformity between studies evaluating TMS‐EEG as an epilepsy biomarker is poor. The inconsistent findings question the validity of TMS‐EEG as an epilepsy biomarker. To demonstrate TMS‐EEG clinical applicability, methodology and reporting standards are required.
The widespread action observation/execution matching system for facial expression processing
Authors: Sato Wataru , Kochiyama Takanori , Yoshikawa Sakiko 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObserving and understanding others' emotional facial expressions, possibly through motor synchronization, plays a primary role in face‐to‐face communication. To understand the underlying neural mechanisms, previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies investigated brain regions that are involved in both the observation/execution of emotional facial expressions and found that the neocortical motor regions constituting the action observation/execution matching system or mirror neuron system were active. However, it remains unclear (1) whether other brain regions in the limbic, cerebellum, and brainstem regions could be also involved in the observation/execution matching system for processing facial expressions, and (2) if so, whether these regions could constitute a functional network. To investigate these issues, we performed fMRI while participants observed dynamic facial expressions of anger and happiness and while they executed facial muscle activity associated with angry and happy facial expressions. Conjunction analyses revealed that, in addition to neocortical regions (i.e., the right ventral premotor cortex and right supplementary motor area), bilateral amygdala, right basal ganglia, bilateral cerebellum, and right facial nerve nucleus were activated during both the observation/execution tasks. Group independent component analysis revealed that a functional network component involving the aforementioned regions were activated during both observation/execution tasks. The data suggest that the motor synchronization of emotional facial expressions involves a widespread observation/execution matching network encompassing the neocortex, limbic system, basal ganglia, cerebellum, and brainstem.
Role of pre‐operative embolization in carotid body tumor surgery according to Shamblin classification: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Napoli Gianluigi , Tritto Rocco , Moscarelli Marco , Forleo Cinzia , La Marca Maria Grazia Carmela , Yang Lin , Biondi‐Zoccai Giuseppe , Giordano Arturo , Tshomba Yamume , Pepe Martino 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundPre‐operative embolization prior to surgical resection of carotid body tumors was meant to decrease intraoperative blood loss and operative time. Yet, potential confounders such as different Shamblin classes have never been analyzed. Aim of our meta‐analysis was to investigate effectiveness of a pre‐operative embolization according to different Shamblin classes.MethodsFive studies comprising 245 patients were included. A random effects model meta‐analysis was conducted, and the I2 statistic was used to assessment for heterogeneity.ResultsPre‐operative embolization was associated with a significant reduction in blood loss (WM: 276.4 mL; 95% CI, 201.9–378.3, p < 0.01); an absolute mean reduction, though not statistically significant, was observed in both Shamblin 2 and 3 classes. No difference in operative time was found between the two strategies (WM: 192.0 min; 95% CI, 157.7–234.1, p = 1.0).ConclusionsEmbolization proved an overall significant reduction in perioperative bleeding, which did not reach threshold for statistical significance when Shamblin classes were singularly considered.
Facilities, selection, outcome measurement, and limitations of therapeutic plasma exchange for neuroimmunological disorders: The South East Asian survey study
Authors: Rattanathamsakul Natthapon , Siritho Sasitorn , Viswanathan Shanthi , Hiew Fu Liong , Apiwattanakul Metha , Tan Kevin , Thirugnanam Umapathi N. , Yeo Tianrong , Quek Amy M. L. , Estiasari Riwanti , Remli Rabani , Aye Seinn Mya Mya , Ohnmar Ohnmar , Hoang Nghia T. T. , Pasco Paul M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionTherapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) for neuroimmunological disorders has played an important role in the Southeast Asian region. This study investigates the challenges of performing TPE within the region.MethodA questionnaire‐based survey was conducted and launched to 15 South East Asian Therapeutic Plasma Exchange Consortium (SEATPEC) members from seven countries in January 2021. It included demographics, TPE techniques, indications, challenges, timing, outcome measurement, and access to laboratory testing in each local center.ResultsA total of 15 neurologists from 12 participating centers were included. They usually perform five sessions of TPE (100.0%), with 1 to 1.5 plasma volume (93.3%), and exchanges via the central catheter (100.0%). Acute relapses of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and myasthenia gravis are the most common indications. They used a combination of normal saline and 5% albumin (60.0%) as replacement fluid. Most (66.7%) used TPE as an add‐on treatment in steroid‐refractory cases or as first‐line treatment for severe attacks. They suggested assessing the TPE efficacy of TPE by the interval to the next attack, post‐TPE relapse rates, and TPE‐related complications. The major challenges within our region are expense, reimbursibility, and access to TPE.ConclusionAlthough countrywise differences exist, all share similarities regarding methods, indications, timing, obstacles, and challenges of TPE for neuroimmunological conditions. Regional collaboration will be essential to identify strategies to reduce these barriers to access to TPE in the future.
Scale‐related process heterogeneities change properties of high‐cell‐density fermentation broths demonstrated with Escherichia coli B and K‐12 strains
Authors: Mayer Florian , Haslinger Benedikt , Shpylovyi Anton , Weber Andreas , Windberger Ursula , Albrecht Bernd , Hahn Rainer , Cserjan‐Puschmann Monika , Striedner Gerald 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe scale‐up of Escherichia coli bioprocesses for production of recombinant proteins in the biopharmaceutical industry can affect process performance due to gradients occurring at production scale. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of scale‐related process heterogeneities on properties of high‐cell‐density fermentation broths. Two industrially relevant Escherichia coli strains, BL21(DE3) and HMS174(DE3), were used for production of antibody fragments (Fab). To generate these heterogeneities, we used a scale‐down device for cell cultivation, which mimics conditions of production scale (>1000 L) in a 20 L laboratory scale. This setup helps to evaluate the impact of process scale‐up on the resulting fermentation broth properties relevant for primary recovery.RESULTSWe found differences in broth viscosity between the two strains, but also between the standard laboratory‐scale and the scale‐down cultivations used. An increase in cell size was measured in scale‐down cultivations with three orthogonal methods, using scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and a dispersion analyzer. Strong hints for an altered agglomeration tendency of the cells after scale‐down cultivations were found by measurement of settling velocity and viscoelasticity of the fermentation broth.CONCLUSIONSIn this work, industrially relevant fermentation broths of Escherichia coli cells producing Fab were characterized and represent a relevant basis for rational design of downstream processing operations. The findings show that scale‐related process heterogeneities can alter the phenotype of Escherichia coli cells and thus alter fermentation broth properties relevant for primary recovery. Considering scale‐up effects in upstream processing reflected in downstream processing will help to optimize the entire bioproduction chain in the future. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Integrated crop‐livestock systems result in less nitrate leaching than ungrazed crop systems in North Florida
Authors: Santos Erick R. S. , Dubeux José C. B. , Mackowiak Cheryl L. , Wright David L. , Anguelov Gueorgui 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntegrated crop‐livestock systems provide an array of benefits to agricultural systems, including a reduction in nitrogen (N) leaching. A farm approach to integrate crops and livestock is the adoption of grazed cover crops. Moreover, the addition of perennial grasses into crop rotations may improve soil organic matter and decrease N leaching. However, the effect of grazing intensity in such systems is not fully understood. This 3‐year study investigated short‐term effects of cover crop planting (cover and no cover), cropping system (no grazing, integrated crop‐livestock [ICL], and sod‐based rotation [SBR]), grazing intensity (heavy, moderate, and light grazing), and cool‐season N fertilization (0, 34, and 90 kg N ha−1) on NO3‐N and NH4‐N concentration in leachate, and cumulative N leaching by using 1.5‐m deep drain gauges. The ICL was a cool‐season cover crop‐cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) rotation, whereas SBR was a cool‐season cover crop‐bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flüggé) rotation. There was a treatment × year × season for cumulative N leaching (p = 0.035). Further contrast analysis indicated that cover crops decreased cumulative N leaching compared to no cover (18 vs. 32 kg N ha−1 season−1). Nitrogen leaching was lesser for grazed compared to nongrazed systems (14 vs. 30 kg N ha−1 season−1). Treatments containing bahiagrass had lesser NO3‐N concentration in leachate (7 vs. 11 mg L−1) and cumulative N leaching (8 vs. 20 kg N ha−1 season−1) compared to ICL systems. Adding cover crops can reduce cumulative N leaching in crop‐livestock systems; moreover, warm‐season perennial forages can further enhance this benefit.
Collagenous colitis following SARS‐Cov2 mRNA vaccination
Authors: Iketani Momoko , Takada Yutaka , Itani Toshinao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA healthy 49‐year‐old female developed intractable watery diarrhea after the Pfizer SARS‐Cov2 mRNA vaccination. She was subsequently diagnosed with collagenous colitis (CC). She had no prior history of medication use, suggesting of vaccination being the trigger. CC or lymphocytic colitis should be considered as differential diagnoses for persistent watery diarrhea after SARS‐Cov2 mRNA vaccination.
Evaluation and clinical impact of MALDI Biotyper Mycobacteria Library v6.0 for identification of nontuberculous mycobacteria by MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry
Authors: Markanović Manda , Makek Mateja Janković , Glodić Goran , Kuliš Tomislav , Mareković Ivana 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMajor challenges in the identification of non‐tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) by MALDI‐TOF MS include protein extraction protocol and updating of the NTM database. The aim of this study was to evaluate MALDI Biotyper Mycobacteria Library v6.0 (Bruker Daltonics GmbH, Bremen, Germany) for identification of clinical NTM isolates and its impact on clinical management. NTM isolates cultivated from clinical samples in 101 patients were identified simultaneously by PCR‐reverse hybridization (Hain Lifescience GmbH, Nehren, Germany) as a routinely used reference molecular method and using MALDI Biotyper Microflex LT/SH after protein extraction. Each isolate was applied to eight spots, and mean scores were used in analysis. MALDI‐TOF MS obtained correct identification to the species level for 95 (94.06%) NTM isolates. The majority of correctly identified isolates (92/95; 96.84%) were identified with high‐confidence score of ≥1.80 and only 3.16% (3/95) with a score of <1.80. Mean value ± SD of RGM NTM isolates (2.127 ± 0.172) was statistically significant higher in comparison to SGM NTM isolates (2.027 ± 0.142) with a p value of 0.007. In comparison to PCR‐reverse hybridization, discordant identification results by MALDI‐TOF MS were found in six (6/101; 5.94%) NTM isolates for which clinical data were analyzed. We demonstrated a high confidence NTM identifications using Mycobacterium Library v 6.0 on routine clinical isolates. This is the first study that analyzed MALDI‐TOF MS identification results of NTM isolates in the context of clinical data, and it showed that MALDI‐TOF MS with its updated databases could help clarify the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and course of infections caused by less frequent NTM species.
Effects of short‐term nitrogen addition on rhizosphere and bulk soil bacterial community structure of three halophytes in the Yellow River Delta
Authors: Zhang Zehao , Li Tian , Shao Pengshuai , Sun Jingkuan , Xu Wenjing , Zhao Yinghan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe total amount and rate of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition are constantly increasing, which substantially influences the soil microbial community structure and function. However, it is still unclear whether the responses of different plant rhizosphere soil bacterial community to short‐term N addition was consistent. Based on 16s rRNA sequencing, we investigated the responses of rhizosphere and bulk soil bacterial community of halophytes (salt‐absorbing, salt‐rejecting, and salt‐secreting plant) to short‐term N addition in the Yellow River Delta. The bacterial community α‐diversity of Suaeda salsa (salt‐absorbing plant) was significantly higher in rhizosphere soil than in bulk soil, while no significant difference between Phragmites communis (salt‐rejecting plant) rhizosphere and bulk soil bacterial community α‐diversity was found. The differences were mainly ascribed to the higher N uptake capacity of P. communis, which resulted in no difference in N content between rhizosphere and bulk soil. The short‐term N addition significantly increased the α‐diversity of bacterial community in the rhizosphere soil of Aeluropus sinensis (salt‐secreting plant), but there was no effect on the α‐diversity of bacterial community in the rhizosphere soil of P. communis. Nitrogen addition enhances the salt uptake capacity of A. sinensis and alleviates the salt stress of bacterial growth. The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes for S. salsa and A. sinensis was significantly higher in rhizosphere soil than in bulk soil, and the relative abundance of Actinobacteria for P. communis and S. salsa was higher and lower in rhizosphere soil than in bulk soil, respectively. Salt‐absorbing of S. salsa leads to elevated rhizosphere soil salinity. Higher salinity and abundant carbon promote the Bacteroidetes and inhibit the Actinobacteria. Short‐term N addition caused an increase in the relative abundance of Gemmatimonadetes in halophyte rhizosphere soil and a decrease in the relative abundance of Firmicutes in S. salsa and A. sinensis bulk soil, which may be due to the different response of C:N of root secretions to N addition in halophytes. The relative abundance of rhizosphere soil denitrifying bacteria was higher in S. salsa and A. sinensis than in P. communis, while the reverse was observed for N‐fixing bacteria. The relative abundance of denitrifying bacteria decreased in P. communis and increased in S. salsa and A. sinensis. The low N soil environment of P. communis promotes the activity of N‐fixing bacteria, and the abundant N content of S. salsa and A. sinensis soil promotes the denitrification process. The research clarified that the response of soil bacterial community to short‐term N addition Treatment differed due to the influence of plant species and that N additions had smaller effects on the bacterial community than plant species.
Large heterozygous deletion and uniparental disomy masquerading as homozygosity inCHKBgene
Authors: Wu Tenghui , Zhang Ciliu , He Fang , Yang Li , Yin Fei , Peng Jing 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundCHKBmutations have been described in 49 patients with megaconial congenital muscular dystrophy, which is a rare autosomal recessive disorder, of which 40 patients showed homozygosity.MethodsPeripheral blood genomic DNA samples were extracted from patients and their parents and were tested by whole exome sequencing. Quantitative PCR was performed to detect deletion. Single nucleotide polymorphism analysis was performed to identify uniparental disomy. Quantitative PCR and western blot were used to measure the expression level ofCHKBin patient 1‐derived immortalized lymphocytes. Mitochondria were observed in lymphocytes by electron microscopy.ResultsTwo unrelated cases born to non‐consanguineous parents were diagnosed with megaconial congenital muscular dystrophy due to apparently homozygous mutations (patient 1: c.225‐2A>T; patient 2: c.701C>T) in theCHKBgene using whole exome sequencing. Quantitative PCR revealed that patient 1 had a large deletion encompassing theCHKBgene, inherited from the mother. Single nucleotide polymorphism analysis revealed patient 2 had paternal uniparental isodisomy containing theCHKBgene. In the immortalized lymphocytes from patient 1, decreased expression ofCHKBwas revealed by quantitative PCR and western blot, and giant mitochondria were observed using electron microscopy.ConclusionWe provide a possibility to detect giant mitochondria in other cells when muscle was not available. Moreover, clinicians should be aware that homozygous variants can be masqueraded by uniparental disomy or large deletions in offspring of non‐consanguineous parents, and excessive homozygosity may be misdiagnosed.
Study examines first psychosis episode treatment, self‐harm risk
Authors: Canady Valerie A. 
Published: March 2023

Young people who began treatment within 14 days of being diagnosed with first‐episode psychosis (FEP) were less likely to deliberately harm themselves than those who did not initiate treatment, according to a report in Psychiatric Services. The findings were based on data collected from Ohio Medicaid claims for more than 6,300 youth with FEP, according to the American Psychiatric Association's Psychiatric News alert.