bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Textile‐based Thermoelectric Generator Produced Via Electrochemical Polymerization
Authors: Serrano‐Claumarchirant José F. , Nasiri Mohammad A. , Cho Chungyeon , Cantarero Andrés , Culebras Mario , Gómez Clara M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe recent development in the field of wearable electronics has increased the demand for batteries as power sources which are subjected to periodic recharging and replacement. Therefore, the next challenge is to design new systems for sustainable energy to power portable electronic devices that can be easily integrated into textiles such as thermoelectric generators that can convert waste heat into electricity. Looking at this scenario, this work shows a methodology to prepare thermoelectric textiles by electrochemical polymerization of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) on felt fabrics. The polymerization of PEDOT is carried out utilizing three different counterions, LiClO4, 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (PF6), and 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (BTFMSI) to provide a complete understanding of the role of the counterion in the thermoelectric properties. The electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient are dependent on the counterion, reaching the maximum ZT for PEDOT polymerized in presence of BTFMSI due to an improvement of carrier mobility. In addition, the manufactured textile thermoelectric device showed an outstanding power output (6.5 µW) compared to the previous devices reported to date.
Rough Surface Enhanced Interfacial Synthesis of Core‐Shell Magnetic Fluorescent Microspheres for Enhanced Latent Fingerprint Visualization
Authors: Yu Bingjie , Liu Shude , Zou Yidong , Deng Yonghui , Yue Qin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDeveloping latent fingerprints is extremely significant for personal identification and criminal investigation. Sub‐micrometer core‐shell structured magnetic fluorescent composite which combines the merits of noncontact magnetic responsiveness and strong fluorescence emission is highly desired for the visualization of latent fingerprint on various substrates with high resolutions. However, it remains a great challenge to synthesize uniform magnetic fluorescent composites with well‐defined structure and functionalities due to the uncontrollable heterogeneous growth. Herein, a urea‐assisted rough interface precipitation method is proposed to controllably synthesize uniform core‐shell structured magnetic fluorescent composite microspheres (Fe3O4@mesoSiO2@Y2O3:Eu3+). The composite microspheres with magnetic core and mesoporous silica shell (Fe3O4@mesoSiO2) possess huge guest‐host interface, numerous nucleation sites, and rough surface morphology, facilitating the efficient adsorption of Y3+/Eu3+ ions, and further controllable interface deposition of metal (Y, Eu) hydroxides induced by slow release of OH− and CO32− anions via the in‐solution decomposition of urea. After subsequent thermal annealing, the obtained Fe3O4@mesoSiO2@Y2O3:Eu3+ microspheres possess high magnetization for convenient magnetic manipulation, strong fluorescence intensity and negligible quenching effect, enabling a superior performance in latent fingerprint visualization with high contrast and resolution on various substrates.
Arbitrary Polarization Syntheses Based on Spin‐Momentum Locking in Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons
Authors: Liu Jun Feng , Wu Jun Wei , Fu Xiaojian , Tang Wenxuan , Cui Tie Jun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSpin‐momentum locking is universal and an inherent property of evanescent electromagnetic (EM) waves, which transfers the spinning or handedness of electromagnetic waves onto their propagation direction. This motivates an approach to investigate the polarization‐controlled directional transmission or emission. Here, the spin‐momentum locking is demonstrated in spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP) waveguides, and momentum‐controlled radiation is further realized in SSPP‐patch antennas. The study shows that the circular polarization of the SSPP‐patch antennas originates from the spin‐momentum locking in the SSPP waveguides and hence is determined by the propagation direction of the SSPP modes. Two examples are presented to achieve ±45° dual‐polarizations and vertical/horizontal dual‐polarizations by combining the SSPP‐patch antenna with hybrid couplers. Finally, a straightforward method is proposed for synthesizing the polarization emitted by the SSPP‐patch antenna, allowing access to arbitrary polarization states on the Poincare sphere. The SSPP‐patch antenna is polarization responsive, shedding light on chiral sensors, Stokes polarimetry, and polarization measurement. Hence, the spin‐momentum locking and the related momentum‐controlled radiations provide additional freedom to regulate the EM waves by engineering the helicity in the SSPP waveguide.
Expanded Potential Stem Cells from Human Embryos Have an Open Chromatin Configuration with Enhanced Trophoblast Differentiation Ability
Authors: Chen Andy Chun Hang , Lee Yin Lau , Ruan Hanzhang , Huang Wen , Fong Sze Wan , Tian Siyu , Lee Kai Chuen , Wu Genie Minju , Tan Yongqi , Wong Timothy Chun Hin , Wu Jian , Zhang Weiyu , Cao Dandan , Chow Judy Fung Cheung , Liu Pengtao , Yeung William Shu Biu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHuman expanded potential stem cells (hEPSC) have been derived from human embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells. Here direct derivation of hEPSC from human pre‐implantation embryos is reported. Like the reported hEPSC, the embryo‐derived hEPSC (hEPSC‐em) exhibit a transcriptome similar to morula, comparable differentiation potency, and high genome editing efficiency. Interestingly, the hEPSC‐em show a unique H3 lysine‐4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) open chromatin conformation; they possess a higher proportion of H3K4me3 bound broad domain (>5 kb) than the reported hEPSC, naive, and primed embryonic stem cells. The open conformation is associated with enhanced trophoblast differentiation potency with increased trophoblast gene expression upon induction of differentiation and success in derivation of trophoblast stem cells with bona fide characteristics. Hippo signaling is specifically enriched in the H3K4me3 broad domains of the hEPSC‐. Knockout of the Hippo signaling gene, YAP1 abolishes the ability of the embryo‐derived EPSC to form trophoblast stem cells.
Biomimetic Convex Implant for Corneal Regeneration Through 3D Printing
Authors: Xu Yingni , Liu Jia , Song Wenjing , Wang Qianchun , Sun Xiaomin , Zhao Qi , Huang Yongrui , Li Haochen , Peng Yuehai , Yuan Jin , Ji Baohua , Ren Li 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBlindness caused by corneal damage affects millions of people worldwide, and this number continues to rise. However, rapid epithelization and a stable epithelium process are the two biggest challenges for traditional corneal materials. These processes are related to corneal curvature, which is an important factor in determination of the corneal healing process and epithelial behavior during corneal damage. In this study, smooth 3D‐printed convex corneal implants based on gelatin methacrylate and collagen are generated. As epithelium distribution and adhesion vary in different regions of the natural cornea, this work separates the surfaces into four regions and studies how cells sense topological cues on curvature. It is found that rabbit corneal epithelial cells (RCECs) seeded on steeper slope gradient surfaces on convex structures result in more aligned cell organization and tighter cell‐substrate adhesion, which can also be verified through finite element simulation and signaling pathway analysis. In vivo transplantation of convex implants result in a better fit with adjacent tissue and stronger cell adhesion than flat implants, thereby accelerating corneal epithelialization and promoting collagen fibers and neural regeneration within 180 days. Taken together, printed convex corneal implants that facilitate corneal regeneration may offer a translational strategy for the treatment of corneal damage.
A CPG‐Based Versatile Control Framework for Metameric Earthworm‐Like Robotic Locomotion
Authors: Zhou Qinyan , Xu Jian , Fang Hongbin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAnnelids such as earthworms are considered to have central pattern generators (CPGs) that generate rhythms in neural circuits to coordinate the deformation of body segments for effective locomotion. At present, the states of earthworm‐like robot segments are often assigned holistically and artificially by mimicking the earthworms’ retrograde peristalsis wave, which is unable to adapt their gaits for variable environments and tasks. This motivates the authors to extend the bioinspired research from morphology to neurobiology by mimicking the CPG to build a versatile framework for spontaneous motion control. Here, the spatiotemporal dynamics is exploited from the coupled Hopf oscillators to not only unify the two existing gait generators for restoring temporal‐symmetric phase‐coordinated gaits and discrete gaits but also generate novel temporal‐asymmetric phase‐coordinated gaits. Theoretical and experimental tests consistently confirm that the introduction of temporal asymmetry improves the robot's locomotion performance. The CPG‐based controller also enables seamless online switching of locomotion gaits to avoid abrupt changes, sharp stops, and starts, thus improving the robot's adaptability in variable working scenarios.
Versatile Hydrogel Dressing with Skin Adaptiveness and Mild Photothermal Antibacterial Activity for Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus‐Infected Dynamic Wound Healing
Authors: Zhao Peng , Zhang Yu , Chen Xiaoai , Xu Chang , Guo Jingzhe , Deng Meigui , Qu Xiongwei , Huang Pingsheng , Feng Zujian , Zhang Jimin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBacterial infection often induces chronic repair of wound healing owing to aggravated inflammation. Hydrogel dressing exhibiting intrinsic antibacterial activity may substantially reduce the use of antibiotics for infected wound management. Hence, a versatile hydrogel dressing (rGB/QCS/PDA–PAM) exhibiting skin adaptiveness on dynamic wounds and mild photothermal antibacterial activity is developed for safe and efficient infected wound treatment. Phenylboronic acid‐functionalized graphene (rGB) and oxadiazole‐decorated quaternary carboxymethyl chitosan (QCS) are incorporated into a polydopamine–polyacrylamide (PDA–PAM) network with multiple covalent and noncovalent bonds, which conferred the hydrogel with flexible mechanical properties, strong tissue adhesion and excellent self‐healing ability on the dynamic wounds. Moreover, the glycocalyx‐mimicking phenylboronic acid on the surface of rGB enables the hydrogel to specifically capture bacteria. The enhanced membrane permeability of QCS enhanced bacterial vulnerability to photothermal therapy（PTT）, which is demonstrated by efficient mild PTT antibacteria against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus in vitro and in vivo at temperatures of <49.6 °C. Consequently, the hydrogel demonstrate accelerated tissue regeneration on MRSA‐infected wound in vivo, with an intact epidermis, abundant collagen deposition and prominent angiogenesis. Therefore, rGB/QCS/PDA–PAM is a versatile hydrogel dressing exhibiting inherent antibacterial activity and has considerable potential in treating wounds infected with drug‐resistant bacteria.
Functionalized Cortical Bone‐Inspired Composites Adapt to the Mechanical and Biological Properties of the Edentulous Area to Resist Fretting Wear
Authors: Wang ZhongYi , Xiang QianRong , Tan Xin , Zhang YaDong , Zhu HaoQi , Pu Jian , Sun JiKui , Sun ManLin , Wang YingKai , Wei Qiang , Yu HaiYang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDental implants with long‐term success of osseointegration have always been the goal, however, difficulties exist. The accumulation of fretting damage at the implant–bone interface often gets overlooked. Commonly used titanium is approximately 7‐fold harder and stiffer than cortical bone. Stress shielding caused by the mismatching of the elastic modulus aggravates fretting at the interface, which is accompanied by the risk of the formation of proinflammatory metal debris and implant loosening. Thus, the authors explore functionalized cortical bone‐inspired composites (FCBIC) with a hierarchical structure at multiple scales, that exhibit good mechanical and biological adaptivity with cortical bone. The design is inspired by nature, combining brittle minerals with organic molecules to maintain machinability, which helps to acquire excellent energy‐dissipating capability. It therefore has the comparable hardness and elastic modulus, strength, and elastic‐plastic deformation to cortical bone. Meanwhile, this cortical bone analogy exhibits excellent osteoinduction and osseointegration abilities. These two properties also facilitate each other to resist fretting wear, and therefore improve the success rate of implantation. Based on these results, the biological–mechanical co‐operation coefficient is proposed to describe the coupling between these two factors for designing the optimized dental implants.
Recruiting Unicellular Algae for the Mass Production of Nanostructured Perovskites
Authors: Kuhrts Lucas , Helmbrecht Lukas , Noorduin Willem L. , Pohl Darius , Sun Xiaoxiao , Palatnik Alexander , Wetzker Cornelia , Jantschke Anne , Schlierf Michael , Zlotnikov Igor 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFunctional capacities of lead halide perovskites are strongly dependent on their morphology, crystallographic texture, and internal ultrastructure on the nano‐ and the meso‐scale. In the last decade, significant efforts are directed towards the development of novel synthesis routes that would overcome the morphological constraints provided by the physical and crystallographic properties of these materials. In contrast, various living organisms, such as unicellular algae, have the ability to mold biogenic crystals into a vast variety of intricate nano‐architectured shapes while keeping their single crystalline nature. Here, using the cell wall of the dinoflagellate L. granifera as a model, sustainably harvested biogenic calcite is successfully transformed into nano‐structured perovskites. Three variants of lead halide perovskites CH3NH3PbX3 are generated with X = Cl−, Br− and I−; exhibiting emission peak‐wavelength ranging from blue, to green, to near‐infrared, respectively. The approach can be used for the mass production of nano‐architectured perovskites with desired morphological, textural and, consequently, physical properties exploiting the numerous templates provided by calcite forming unicellular organisms.
Cropping systems with perennial vegetation and livestock integration promote soil health
Authors: Augarten Abigail J. , Malone Lindsay Chamberlain , Richardson Gregory S. , Jackson Randall D. , Wattiaux Michel A. , Conley Shawn P. , Radatz Amber M. , Cooley Eric T. , Ruark Matthew D. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSoil health can differ across cropping systems because of variation in edaphic and management factors. We evaluated how biological indicators of soil health (soil organic matter [SOM], permanganate oxidizable carbon [POXC], mineralizable carbon [MinC], autoclaved‐citrate‐extractable [ACE] protein, and potentially mineralizable nitrogen [PMN]) compared across four common Wisconsin cropping systems: grazed cool‐season pastures, forage‐based rotations that included perennial legumes or grasses, annual rotations receiving manure, and annual rotations receiving synthetic fertilizers. Biological indicators of soil health were up to 195% greater in pastures than other cropping systems. MinC, POXC and PMN were 10%–90% greater in forage‐based rotations than annual cropping systems, but only MinC and POXC were greater in annual systems with manure compared to those without manure by 35% and 7%, respectively. Perennial vegetation and livestock integration offer the greatest potential to increase biological indicators of soil health in agricultural lands.
PbI6 Octahedra Stabilization Strategy Based on π‐π Stacking Small Molecule Toward Highly Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Wang Xianzhao , Liu Dachang , Liu Ruichen , Du Xiaofan , Zhang Bingqian , Sun Xiuhong , Chen Chen , Li Zhipeng , Zhao Qiangqiang , Shao Zhipeng , Wang Xiao , Cui Guanglei , Pang Shuping 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe unavoidable iodine loss in the perovskite layer is closely related to carrier non‐radiative and device degradation. During the post‐annealing process, the fragile PbI bond is easy to break, leading to the formation of iodine vacancies and inducing stress‐driven structure collapse. Herein, a PbI6 octahedra stabilization strategy via building robust grain boundary modification networks is developed. The introduction of conjugated structure into amides can significantly enhance their anchoring ability with PbI units, while the π–π stacking effect of benzamide enables a passivation network with polymer‐like effect. This is well evidenced by the excellent properties in eliminated iodine loss and stabilized perovskite lattice. Therefore, benzamide modification not only transform the perovskite films from n‐type to p‐type by suppressing the iodine vacancy‐doping effect, but also reduces defect density, ultimately bringing the perovskite layer longer carrier diffusion length and better charge injection efficiency. Finally, the benzamide modified devices realize both high power conversion efficiency of 24.78% and excellent operating stability. Of particular note, the module efficiency with 14 cm2 active area is over 21%.
Designing Bidirectionally Functional Polymer Electrolytes for Stable Solid Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Ma Qiang , Fu Sha , Wu An‐Jun , Deng Qi , Li Wei‐Dong , Yue Dan , Zhang Bing , Wu Xiong‐Wei , Wang Zhen‐Ling , Guo Yu‐Guo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe development of high energy density lithium metal batteries has been retarded by the uncontrolled lithium dendrite formation and unstable Ni‐rich cathode–electrolyte interface (CEI). Herein, the bidirectionally functional polymer electrolytes (BDFPE) are designed via direct UV solidification of functional polymer species on electrode surfaces to simultaneously handle the interface issues faced by anodes and cathodes. By constructing the BDFPE, a smooth and dendrite‐free lithium deposition is enabled for Li||Li symmetry cells after 1800 h ultralong cycling at 1 mA cm−2 and 1 mAh cm−2, which are attributed to the fast ion conductivity (5.84 × 10−4 S cm−1), high Li+ transfer number (0.69) of BDFPE and low interfacial resistance between electrode and solid electrolytes. Furthermore, Li||LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 batteries demonstrate a favorable cycling and rate capability, and a stable and phosphate‐based CEI layer is constructed in situ. DFT studies reveal that the functional additives FEC and TEP participate in the interface formation. The finding provides a promising design strategy to accommodate the anode and cathode interfaces for high energy density lithium metal batteries.
High‐Entropy‐Nanofibers Enhanced Polymer Nanocomposites for High‐Performance Energy Storage
Authors: Dou Lvye , Yang Bingbing , Lan Shun , Liu Yiqian , Liu Yiqun , Nan Ce‐Wen , Lin Yuan‐Hua 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPolymer composite dielectrics capable of high energy density, high efficiency, and high‐temperature stability are in high demand for application in various electronic vehicles and power systems. A major challenge, however, is the reasonable design of high‐performance nanofillers that are beneficial to the polarization and breakdown strength simultaneously. Here, high‐entropy‐induced ceramic nanofibers with a stable Bi2Ti2O7‐type pyrochlore phase are developed as effective nanofillers to enhance the energy storage performance of polyetherimide (PEI) composites. Benefiting from the linear pyrochlore phase, refined grain size, and increased amorphous fraction of the high‐entropy nanofillers, the resultant PEI composites exhibit significantly improved energy storage performance over a wide temperature range of 25–150 °C. Notably, a high energy density of 6.46 J cm−3 under an electric field of 590 MV m−1 is achieved at 150 °C, which outperforms most of the reported PEI composites. This study provides a guideline for the development of dielectric fillers with tunable dielectric properties and microstructures, thus promoting the development of high‐performance polymer composites.
Graphene‐Like Monoelemental 2D Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Suragtkhuu Selengesuren , Sunderiya Suvdanchimeg , Myagmarsereejid Purevlkham , Purevdorj Solongo , Bati Abdulaziz S. R. , Bold Bujinlkham , Zhong Yu Lin , Davaasambuu Sarangerel , Batmunkh Munkhbayar 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPerovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted a great deal of attention from the photovoltaic (PV) community because of their remarkable performance, low production cost, and high potential to be integrated into other optoelectronic applications. Despite their promise, the challenges associated with their operational stability have drawn increasing attention over the past decade. Owing to their unique structure and fascinating properties such as high charge mobility, excellent conductivity, tunable bandgap, good optical transparency, and optimal surface functionalization, nanostructured materials, in particular monoelemental 2D materials, have recently been demonstrated to play versatile functions in suppressing the degradation of PSCs and enhancing the PV performance of the devices. In this review, recent advances in perovskite solar cells employing monoelemental 2D materials are presented. A brief overview of perovskite light absorbers based PV devices is first introduced, followed by critical discussions on the use of various elemental 2D materials including graphene, phosphorene, antimonene, borophene, bismuthene, and their derivatives for different components of the perovskite solar cells. Finally, the challenges in this cutting‐edge research area are highlighted, and the authors express their own perspectives on addressing these key issues.
Initiating Jahn–Teller Effect in Vanadium Diselenide for High Performance Magnesium‐Based Batteries Operated at −40 °C
Authors: Xu Xin , Ye Chao , Chao Dongliang , Davey Kenneth , Qiao Shi‐Zhang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPoor electronic and ionic conductivity of electrode materials at low temperatures of −20 °C and below has significantly impeded development of batteries for cold conditions. However, for the first time, layer‐structured metallic vanadium diselenide (1T‐VSe2) is reported as a cathode material for low‐temperature Mg2+/Li+ hybrid batteries. A high electronic conductivity and fast ion diffusion kinetics for 1T‐VSe2 are demonstrated at selected temperatures, and a very safe 1T‐VSe2/Mg battery for operation at temperatures to −40 °C. The battery exhibits 97% capacity retention over 500 cycles, which is better performance than reported Mg‐based batteries. The Jahn–Teller effect in compressed configuration is initiated in 1T‐VSe2 with the change of electronic state occurring on electrochemical intercalation of alkali metal ions. Using combined experiment and theory via operando synchrotron X‐ray diffraction, ex situ X‐ray absorption spectroscopy and DFT computation, it is confirmed that the weak Jahn–Teller distortion contributes significantly to fast‐overall kinetics, structural stability, and high electronic conductivity of the electrode. Understanding at an atomic level of the mechanism is demonstrated, that provides valuable guidance in designing high‐performance electrode materials for low‐temperature batteries.