bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Knee Joint Compartmental Loading Maxima Utilizing Simple Subject Characteristics and Neural Networks
Authors: Lavikainen Jere , Stenroth Lauri , Alkjær Tine , Karjalainen Pasi A. , Korhonen Rami K. , Mononen Mika E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractJoint loading may affect the development of osteoarthritis, but patient-specific load estimation requires cumbersome motion laboratory equipment. This reliance could be eliminated using artificial neural networks (ANNs) to predict loading from simple input predictors. We used subject-specific musculoskeletal simulations to estimate knee joint contact forces for 290 subjects during over 5000 stance phases of walking and then extracted compartmental and total joint loading maxima from the first and second peaks of the stance phase. We then trained ANN models to predict the loading maxima from predictors that can be measured without motion laboratory equipment (subject mass, height, age, gender, knee abduction-adduction angle, and walking speed). When compared to the target data, our trained models had NRMSEs (RMSEs normalized to the mean of the response variable) between 0.14 and 0.42 and Pearson correlation coefficients between 0.42 and 0.84. The loading maxima were predicted most accurately using the models trained with all predictors. We demonstrated that prediction of knee joint loading maxima may be possible without laboratory-measured motion capture data. This is a promising step in facilitating knee joint loading predictions in simple environments, such as a physician’s appointment. In future, the rapid measurement and analysis setup could be utilized to guide patients in rehabilitation to slow development of joint disorders, such as osteoarthritis.
The Spread of Digital Intimate Partner Violence: Ethical Challenges for Business, Workplaces, Employers and Management
Authors: Hearn Jeff , Hall Matthew , Lewis Ruth , Niemistö Charlotta 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn recent decades, huge technological changes have opened up possibilities and potentials for new socio-technological forms of violence, violation and abuse, themselves intersectionally gendered, that form part of and extend offline intimate partner violence (IPV). Digital IPV (DIPV)—the use of digital technologies in and for IPV—takes many forms, including: cyberstalking, internet-based abuse, non-consensual intimate imagery, and reputation abuse. IPV is thus now in part digital, and digital and non-digital violence may merge and reinforce each other. At the same time, technological and other developments have wrought significant changes in the nature of work, such as the blurring of work/life boundaries and routine use of digital technologies. Building on feminist theory and research on violence, and previous research on the ethics of digitalisation, this paper examines the ethical challenges raised for business, workplaces, employers and management by digital IPV. This includes the ethical challenges arising from the complexity and variability of DIPV across work contexts, its harmful impacts on employees, productivity, and security, and the prospects for proactive ethical responses in workplace policy and practice for victim/survivors, perpetrators, colleagues, managers, and stakeholders. The paper concludes with contributions made and key issues for the future research agenda.
Toddlers with the Doll Carriage: Children Doing Space of Participation in Early Childhood Education
Authors: Ylikörkkö Enni-Mari , Karjalainen Satu , Puroila Anna-Maija 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This article focuses on child participation in early childhood education (ECE). The theoretical basis for this study is a relational approach that highlights the significance of spatiality and materiality. Drawing from these theoretical perspectives, child participation is understood as a space that children actively do in various combinations of social, material and cultural relationships. The study relies on a relational understanding of the child as not only being, but also becoming by doing space within one’s environment. The methodological framework draws on narrative childhood studies that emphasize the multimodality of children’s narration. The research material consists of small stories from a Finnish ECE centre. The analysis focused on children under 3 years of age doing space of participation with material items in ECE. The study shows that space of child participation is dynamic in the everyday relationships. The findings illustrate children’s doing space of participation as a tension-filled phenomenon which requires children to balance between the active agency and adapting to the expectations of the environment. The findings uncover the three-fold nature of the space—namely, the social, material and cultural dimensions—that is meaningful for child participation. The doll carriage as a material item played a crucial role in children’s doing space of participation: it provided opportunities for children to formulate the ownership of the space, to construct peer relationships, and to shape and defend the borders of one’s space. The study contributes theoretically and methodologically to ECE research by opening new perspectives on the participation of young children.
Modular Multi-Copter Structure Control for Cooperative Aerial Cargo Transportation
Authors: Chaikalis Dimitris , Evangeliou Nikolaos , Tzes Anthony , Khorrami Farshad 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe control problem of a multi-copter swarm, mechanically coupled through a modular lattice structure of connecting rods, is considered in this article. The system’s structural elasticity is considered in deriving the system’s dynamics. The devised controller is robust against the induced flexibilities, while an inherent adaptation scheme allows for the control of asymmetrical configurations and the transportation of unknown payloads. Certain optimization metrics are introduced for solving the individual agent thrust allocation problem while achieving maximum system flight time, resulting in a platform-independent control implementation. Experimental studies are offered to illustrate the efficiency of the suggested controller under typical flight conditions, increased rod elasticities and payload transportation.
A Low-Code Approach for Connected Robots
Authors: Brouzos Rafail , Panayiotou Konstantinos , Tsardoulias Emmanouil , Symeonidis Andreas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAdvanced robotic systems are finally becoming a reality; following the increased attention that robotics have attracted during the last few decades, new types of robotic applications are launched, from robotic space vessels and fully autonomous cars to robotic dancers and robot companions. Even more, following the advancements in the Internet of Things (IoT) domain, robots can now participate in more complex systems, namely Cyber-physical systems (CPS). In such systems, robots, software, sensors and/or “things” cooperate seamlessly in order to exhibit the desired outcome. However, the high heterogeneity of the components comprising CPS systems requires expertise in various scientific domains, a fact that makes development of CPS applications a resource- and time-consuming process. In order to alleviate this pain, model-driven (or model-based) approaches have been introduced. They employ a low code software engineering approach and hide the domain-specific knowledge needed, by providing an abstract representation that can be more easily understood. Following the low-code paradigm, current work focuses on the development of Domain-specific Languages (DSL) for ROS2 (Robot Operating System 2) systems in order to hide low-level middleware-specific setup and configuration details and enable access to robot development by non ROS experts. Furthermore, in order to enable the integration of ROS2 robots in CPS, a second DSL was developed. The first language, GeneROS, is used for the development and configuration of the core functionalities of the robot (such as hardware drivers and algorithms), while the second language, ROSbridge-DSL, implements the interfaces for connecting robots to the Edge and the Cloud, enabling this way remote monitoring and control in the context of IoT and CPS.
Operationalizing growth models
Authors: Baccaro Lucio , Hadziabdic Sinisa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe introduce a novel approach to operationalizing growth models. Drawing on the most recent release of OECD Input–Output Tables, we compute the import-adjusted growth contributions of consumption, investment, government expenditures, and exports for sixty-six countries in the years 1995–2007 and 2009–2018, covering not only advanced Western economies but also Central and Eastern European, South-East Asian, and Latin American countries. We find that most are export-led or domestic demand-led and other forms of growth are rare. Our results differ from other classifications in that they reveal important geographical variation as well as temporal change. In a subsequent step, we illustrate the utility of the methodology by investigating the link between real exchange rate devaluation and export-led growth, a contentious issue in the existing literature. For pre-crisis advanced Western economies, we find an association between the two variables, which is statistically significant only when our new indicator is used.
Male investment in schooling with frictional labour and marriage markets
Authors: Bonilla Roberto , Kiraly Francis 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe present an equilibrium model with inter-linked frictional labour and marriage markets. Women’s flow value of being single is treated as given, and it captures returns from employment. Men can undertake a costly ex-ante investment in schooling. In the marriage market, women search sequentially for men characterised by wages, so they use a reservation value strategy. Single unemployed men conduct marital sequential search and, with an eye on the marriage market, also conduct a so-called constrained sequential job search. Given this setup, schooling enhances men’s marriage prospects as well as their labour market returns. In turn, women’s behaviour affects men’s schooling investment decision and their optimal job search strategy. We establish that for any given set of parameters, there exists a unique market equilibrium where a fraction of men get educated, and show that this fraction decreases if women’s labour market returns increase. We also examine the robustness of such an equilibrium.
On the relevance of site specificity and temporal variability in agricultural LCA: a case study on mandarin in North Uruguay
Authors: Cabot María Inés , Lado Joanna , Bautista Inmaculada , Ribal Javier , Sanjuán Neus 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Mandarin is a relevant citrus crop in Uruguay both in terms of yield and area. This study is aimed at assessing the environmental impacts of mandarin cultivation in the country to identify the environmental hotspots. Temporal variability is assessed by considering six harvest seasons and site specificity by developing a regionalized inventory using a Tier 3 to estimate nitrogen on-field emissions. Also, the effect of regionalizing specific impact categories is analyzed.

Methods
A cradle-to-farm gate assessment was carried out based on mass and area functional units. Primary data was gathered from a representative orchard of the region for the seasons 2016 to 2022. Nitrogen on-field emissions were modeled using LEACHN, a Tier 3 model that considers site-specific climatic and soil parameters as well as water and fertilizer applications at a daily scale. In addition, other modeling approaches were tested following the Environmental Product Declarations (EPD), Product Environmental Footprint (PEF), World Food LCA Database guidelines (WFLDB), and the updated IPCC and EMEP/EEA guidelines. The EN 15804 + A2 standard was followed to assess the environmental impacts, except for the categories concerning acidification, where IMPACT 2002 + v2.1 was used. In addition, to analyze the variations in the results when regionalizing impacts of on-field emissions, IMPACT World + was used.

Results
The main hotspots detected are on-field emissions, machinery operations, pesticides, and fertilizer production. Irrigation is the main hotspot in blue water scarcity. As for the models tested to estimate nitrogen emissions, significant differences were detected in marine eutrophication between LEACHN and WFLDB, regardless of the functional unit, and in terrestrial acidification, terrestrial eutrophication, and aquatic acidification per ha between LEACHN and PEF. Significant reductions in the results were observed by regionalizing the environmental impacts caused by the on-field emissions.

Conclusions
The development of site-specific inventories and impact assessment methods with spatial resolution is encouraged, although more research is needed to draw general conclusions about the convenience of mechanistic models to estimate nitrogen emissions in Uruguayan citriculture. The high variation coefficients obtained reaffirm the importance of considering temporal variability. Moreover, the relevance of considering different functional units is highlighted since different influencing variables are observed throughout the seasons depending on the functional unit used.
“I can do data for my people”: experiences of giving back for Native undergraduates in computing
Authors: Jaumot-Pascual Nuria , DeerInWater Kathy , Ong Maria , Silva Christina B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper focuses on the undergraduate experiences in computer sciences (CS) disciplines of eight Native women and two-spirit undergraduates and how their values and experiences around the communal goal of giving back enable them to persist in computing. The paper draws from a one-year study that included participants across the U.S.A from predominantly White institutions, Native serving institutions, and tribal colleges. Utilizing the decolonizing and participant-centered methods of photo elicitation, our interviews used photographs taken by participants as starting points for conversations. This method resulted in deep understandings of participants’ experiences of the supports and barriers in their CS programs, and of the importance of giving back for persistence. We adapt Page-Reeves and colleagues’ 2019 framework for giving back and Native students in STEM—particularly the concepts of giving back as a Native value and giving back in the context of CS education—to illuminate the ways in which participants persisted and navigated their identities as Native students and emergent computer scientists. We also introduce a new concept, culturally connected giving back, to describe the ways in which Native undergraduates in computing contributed, or planned to contribute, towards technology sovereignty and cultural preservation. CS, like many STEM fields, is typically viewed as highly individualistic and not aligned with communal goals of helping others. However, Native participants in this study identified computing as having the potential for giving back. They incorporated a broad range of giving back actions into their computing professional identities through teaching, mentoring, serving as role models, creating counterspaces, or preserving their cultures using their computing skills. Through giving back, participants fulfilled a sense of obligation to their communities or counteracted negative stereotypes about Native learners. Beneficiaries of these acts of giving back included Native and other minoritized peers, younger students, home communities, and other Native communities. Importantly, opportunities to give back served as strong motivators to persist in CS in spite of challenges. We discuss the implications of these findings for policy and practice and also explore the implications for how institutions and CS departments can support Native student recruitment, retention, and success.
Effects of Heterogeneity on Cancer: A Game Theory Perspective
Authors: Laruelle Annick , Rocha André , Manini Claudia , López José I. , Inarra Elena 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this study, we explore interactions between cancer cells by using the hawk–dove game. We analyze the heterogeneity of tumors by considering games with populations composed of 2 or 3 types of cell. We determine what strategies are evolutionarily stable in the 2-type and 3-type population games and what the corresponding expected payoffs are. Our results show that the payoff of the best-off cell in the 2-type population game is higher than that of the best-off cell in the 3-type population game. When these mathematical findings are transferred to the field of oncology they suggest that a tumor with low intratumor heterogeneity pursues a more aggressive course than one with high intratumor heterogeneity. Some histological and genomic data on clear cell renal cell carcinomas is consistent with these results. We underline the importance of identifying intratumor heterogeneity in routine practice and suggest that therapeutic strategies that preserve heterogeneity may be promising as they may slow down cancer growth.
Fungi associated with stem collar necroses of Fraxinus excelsior affected by ash dieback
Authors: Peters Sandra , Fuchs Sebastian , Bien Steffen , Bußkamp Johanna , Langer Gitta Jutta , Langer Ewald Johannes 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn recent decades the vitality and physical stability of European ash trees in Germany have been reduced by European ash dieback, especially when associated with stem collar necroses and rots. This study was carried out to investigate the composition of the fungal communities associated with stem collar necroses. Filamentous fungi were isolated from 58 ash trees out of nine forest stands in northern, eastern, and central Germany. Obtained isolates were identified to a genus or species level by means of morphological and molecular analyses. In total 162 morphotypes including endophytic, saprotrophic, and pathogenic fungi were isolated. For 33 species found no prior reports from Fraxinus excelsior were recognised, including Cryptostroma corticale and Diplodia sapinea. None of the identified species were found at all studied sites, though Diplodia fraxini was the most common fungus with regard to frequency within all isolates, occurring at seven sample sites. This species is followed by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, Armillaria spp., Neonectria punicea, Diaporthe cf. eres, Fusarium cf. lateritium, and Paracucurbitaria sp. in order of frequency within all isolates. The aforementioned species are characterised and analysed in respect to their occurrence in stem collar necroses and at sample sites. The influence of site conditions on the fungal composition was described for five intensively sampled sites with a minimum of five studied trees (Schwansee, Rhüden, Berggießhübel, Satrup, and Schlangen). The sampling site of Schlangen was further subdivided into four subplots with different positions in the terrain. In the remaining four extensive sample sites, either one or two trees, respectively, were sampled and analysed (Oranienbaumer Heide, Woltershausen, Wolfenbüttel, and Neuhege). Over all sample sites, fungal communities of symptomatic stem tissue are similar concerning the most frequent fungi, but vary greatly according to singularly isolated fungi.
Promoting pre-service teachers’ professionalism in steam education and education for sustainable development through mathematical modelling activities
Authors: Wiegand Sabine , Borromeo Ferri Rita 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo successfully solve the complex challenges facing us in the 21st century, people with expertise in the science, technology, engineering, arts and mathematics (STEAM) fields and other fields are needed, especially for their interdisciplinary way of thinking and working. These competencies should be learned in school, which first implies teacher education to that effect. In this article, a detailed theoretical reflection on the connections or overlapping areas between STEAM education and the dimension of sustainability in a model-like way is presented. It is also argued that mathematical modelling can be a possible instrument for promoting pre-service teachers’ professionalism in STEAM education and education for sustainable development (ESD). Based on authors’ developed model of this theoretical framework, an ESD-modelling seminar was created for pre-service mathematics teachers in which they also worked on that ESD and STEAM-based modelling problems. In the written reflections on the seminar, which were used as the survey instrument within the conducted empirical study, the teachers presented their subjective views on the connection between modelling and ESD. Based on an evaluation of these written reports by type-forming qualitative content analysis, three teacher profiles for handling ESD within mathematical modelling were developed. These types of teachers illustrate a strong awareness of promoting STEAM and ESD through modelling activities in their upcoming teacher life.
Diagnostic challenges and forensic implications in a case of infantile fatal myocarditis
Authors: Grimaldi Federica , Bonasoni Maria Paola , Pelletti Guido , Gabrielli Liliana , Pelotti Susi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe present the case of a 23-month-old child who died less than 24 h after the onset of cardiac symptoms, despite being admitted to the hospital 72 h earlier. Autopsy revealed no significant macroscopic changes, and histologic examination revealed focal lymphocytic myocarditis with myocyte disruption, diffuse alveolar damage in the exudative phase, and generalized lymphocytic immune activation in other organs. Ante-mortem and post-mortem microbiological exams did not clearly prove a causative role of infectious agents. The peculiarity of this case was characterized by the contrast between the severe clinical features and the mild cardiac histological findings. This discrepancy, coupled with the suspicion of a viral causative role based on both ante-mortem and post-mortem microbiological examinations, presented significant challenges in reaching an etiological diagnosis. This case also confirms that the diagnosis of myocarditis in children cannot be made solely on the basis of histological cut-offs or microbiological results. Using abductive reasoning, various diagnostic hypotheses were formulated and evaluated to arrive at the final diagnosis of fatal myocarditis of viral or post-viral origin. Data from post-mortem examination are often the only source of information that is available to the experts, especially in cases of sudden infant death syndrome. In such cases, the forensic pathologists should accurately evaluate findings that may appear to indicate a different etiology, and, in the absence of clinical or radiological data, interpret post-mortem data in a logically correct manner. The autopsy is the first essential step to evaluate the cause of death and must be integrated with the results of ante- and post-mortem diagnostic tests in a holistic approach, which is crucial to allow forensic pathologists to provide an appropriate and relevant opinion.