bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on the Adaptability of SP Flooding in Sand-Gravel Mixture Reservoir Based on the Inverted Seven-Spot Well Pattern
Authors: Tang Xuechen , Li Yiqiang , Cao Jinxin , Liu Zheyu , Chen Xin , Liu Li , Bo Jiangwei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAs one of the leading technologies for chemical enhanced oil recovery (cEOR), surfactant-polymer (SP) flooding technology has drawn the attention of petroleum scientists and engineers for many years. However, most of its application scenarios are based on the five-spot well pattern. Rarely reported is its EOR potential in an inverted seven-spot well pattern. Based on the physical properties of Karamay Oilfield in China, this paper studied the adaptability of the SP system in the inverted seven-spot well pattern. Firstly, the numerical simulation method and the single-core flooding experiment were used to compare the seepage intensities of the two well patterns and the EOR ability of the SP system under different seepage intensities. Then, the migration law and the oil displacement effect of the SP system under the conditions of sand-gravel mixture were evaluated. Finally, the EOR ability under different injection strategies in the well patterns was evaluated. The results show that the inverted seven-spot well pattern shows a weak swept state, accounting for 61% of the whole region. Appropriately increasing the viscosity and slug size of the SP system improves the oil production of the low-permeability conglomerate layer. Step-down viscosity injection can further enlarge the sweep range of injection fluid and enhance oil recovery compared to constant viscosity injection. Compared with the five-spot well pattern, the swept area of the SP system in the inverted seven-spot well pattern is larger while the strength is weaker. The injection and production wells should be reasonably arranged when the well pattern is converted to efficiently recover the remaining oil and residual oil that are not recovered in the five-spot well pattern by utilizing the inverted seven-spot well pattern characteristics.
Understanding the Complicated Fracture Network in a Fractured Granite Reservoir Using the Borehole Image and Geochemical Log, Case Study from Songliao Basin
Authors: Yan Weihe , Zhou Cong , Wang Yuhua , Jiang Baoyan , Liu Bo , Wu Jinlong , Liu Xunqi , Lu Qingzhi , Paramatikul Ronarong , My Dung Doan Thi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGranite basement reservoir has become a very important exploration target in Songliao Basin of North-east China. Several exploration gas wells were drilled in the study area, and it shows strong heterogeneity and complexity in reservoir properties. Since it is very difficult to perform accurate formation evaluation in fractured granite reservoir using the conventional open-hole logs, the advanced wireline logging such as borehole resistivity image and geochemical logs were acquired to understand the impact of the fractures on the producibility in the tight granite reservoir. The objective of this research is to understand the complicated natural fracture system in the tight granite reservoir.The high-resolution borehole resistivity image logs could provide abundant information to evaluate the fracture distribution, direction, and intensity. It can also reveal the secondary pores and dissolution enhanced features in the granite basement reservoir. The high-definition spectroscope logs provide significant information for geological description and evaluation of the downhole formations. One parameter "K/Na (potassium/sodium) ratio" was developed to differentiate the composition of the minerals in the formation. It was found that the intervals with high K/Na ratio have higher fracture apertures than other intervals in the case. The reservoir quality is controlled by fracture density and secondary porosity. Different sets of nature fractures have a different angle range or strike, and it will create a complex natural fracture network. The fracture zones with complex fracture network have suffered stronger weathering process than the zones with simple fracture network.The case study shows that the high porosity zone with complex natural fracture network has strong dissolution. The K/Na ratio from geochemical log also have clear anomaly in that zone. It indicates that there has strong chemical weathering process in that zone which has high K/Na ratio than other zones. These zones have complex fractures network and strong dissolution than other zones. Better understanding the controlling factors of the fractured granite reservoir could be helpful for fracturing design and well positioning.The integration of borehole image and geochemical log in the fractured granite reservoir was proven to be effective method in this case study. It could be used as a reference for similar reservoir fracture evaluation.
CO2 Capturing and Storage From Oil Wells
Authors: Al-Aklubi Sultan , Al-Rubaii Mohammad 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe world is currently facing one of the most critical challenges in the Earth’s history which is global warming. The major cause of global warming and climate change problems is the carbon dioxide emissions. This novel study addresses the concepts and design precautions for a proposed in-situ electricity generation project.The main goal of the study is to reduce the environmental pollution due to the combustion of fossil fuels and emitting carbon dioxide. This reduction will be attained through a smart gas well design and completions. The design is based on in-situ combustion for a gas flow in a downhole combustion chamber. Oxy-fuel combustion technique is the proposed combustion technique due to the ease of CO2 separation in this process. The proper well design will be analogous to the wells used for in-situ oil combustion to handle the high released temperature. Power generation design will combine the fundamentals of geothermal energy deployment for electricity generation. Finally, the produced CO2 from the combustion process will be reinjected downhole into an underground geological structure after being compressed and transferred to the supercritical phase. This process eliminates the CO2 production to the surface and hence reduce the environmental pollution.
Real-Time Downhole Monitoring Using DAS and DTS: A New Technology for Leak Detection and Well Integrity
Authors: Cherubini Aurelien , Richard Simon , Jestin Camille , Calbris Gaëtan , Lanticq Vincent 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDistributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) and Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) measurements are technologies which are adding some benefits in the aim to replace or complete traditional logging measurements like noise logging tools (NLT) or production logging tools (PLT). The aim of well integrity interventions using distributed fiber optic sensing (DFOS) is to significantly reduce the duration and the cost of these operations, and to provide additional information in comparison to traditional logging tool. The combination of DAS and DTS can offer both qualitative and quantitative information regarding fluid dynamics in the context of well integrity investigation, as the flow characteristics (intensity of turbulences).In this study, we will investigate different failure patterns occurring on the well completion, as the production tubing or packers. On the first hand, we will see that the combination of DAS and DTS provides complementary information regarding leaks characterization. On the other hand, we will investigate the monitoring of temperature gradient (DTGS for Distributed Temperature Gradient Sensing) using DAS by the integration of low frequency acoustic signal (&lt; 1 Hz).
PERGESERAN MAKNA KOSAKATA FLORA DALAM METAFORA DI MEDIA SOSIAL TWITTER: KAJIAN SEMANTIK
Authors: Dilivia Ailsa Zevaulima , Febriyanto Lukman , Ginanjar Bakdal 
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pergeseran makna istilah penunjuk flora bawang, terong, kentang, kacang, kencur, dan cabe di media sosial Twitter. Penelitian ini berjenis deskriptif kualitatif. Data penelitian ini berupa kalimat yang mengandungÂ istilah bawang, terong, kentang, kacang, kencur, dan cabe di media sosial Twitter. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah unggahan pada media sosial Twitter dalam rentang waktu dari bulan Juli hingga September 2022. Metode penyediaan data yang digunakan adalah metode simak dengan teknik catat. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah metode agih yang dilanjutkan dengan teknik ganti. Hasil analisis data akan disajikan dengan metode informal. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, disimpulkan bahwa makna baru yang terbentuk akibat adanya pergeseran makna kata penunjuk flora cenderung bersifat peyoratif dibandingkan dengan amelioratif.
Analisis Pengendalian Kualitas Produk Dengan Metode Lean Six SIgma Pada PT. Djohartex
Authors: Ridho Dharu Arhamar , Suseno Suseno 
Published: February 2023

Abstrak Masalah: PT. Djohartex adalah perusahaan pengolahan benang menjadi kain gray atau tekstil. Pada bulan September 2022 didapatkan jumlah produksi sebanyak 1.792.208 yard dengan jumlah cacat produk sebanyak 309.747 yard atau 17,28%. dalam implementasinya, jumlah cacat melebihi batas toleransi produk cacat yang ditentukan. Bagian produksi dan quality control berusaha menekan pada cacat tertentu, jumlah jenis cacat lain meningkat. Hal ini menyebabkan kualitas menjadi permasalahan berlarut-larut yang tidak segera terselesaikan. Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meminimasi cacat produk. Metodologi: Salah satu metode yang digunakan untuk meminimasi produk cacat adalah metode Lean Six Sigma. Lean Six Sigma lebih difokuskan kepada perbaikan proses dengan menggunakan data yang diperoleh kemudian diolah sesuai dengan langkah-langkah DMAIC, kemudian akan didapatkan masalah pada system kerja perusahaan, sehingga dapat diidentifikasi permasalahan serta penyebab masalah, dan segera diambil tindakan perbaikan. Temuan/Hasil Penelitian: Pada bulan September 2022 didapat jenis cacat paling banyak adalah rapat/renggang sebanyak 88.502 dengan presentasi sebesar 31,44% dan yang paling sedikit adalah netting sebanyak 0 dengan presentasi sebesar 0% dari keseluruhan jenis defect. Faktor penyebab terjadinya cacat ada 5 faktor penyebab Manusia, Mesin, Metode, Material, Lingkungan. Perbaikan dapat diusulkan menggunakan metode 5W+1H dan metode Poka Yoke. perbaikan harus dilakukan, dengan melakukan penjadwalan ulang dalam pengecekan mesin dan proses produksi, memberikan pengarahan standarisasri mesin, memberikan edukasi kepada operator produksi untuk lebih mengutamakan kualitas kain yaitu menguraung faktor penyebab defect, dan melakukan perbaikan pada ruang kerja agar dapat mengurangi dampak kebisingan, kotor, kurangnya pencahayaan dan panas ruangan. Jenis penelitian: pengendalian kualitas produk. Kata kunci DMAIC, Lean Six Sigma, dan Pengendalian Kualitas
Evaluation of Intrauterine Fetal Death at Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Deep Jagat Prasad , Sharma Rosy , Ansari Sana , Shah Ravi Kumar , Raut Rajendra Kumar , Shah Pravin 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) is unpredictable despite of regular antenatal checkup. Early assessment and timely intervention may reduce the incidence of IUFD. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of IUFD among pregnant women at tertiary care center.
Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care center from 1st November 2020 to 31st October 2021. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee (Registration number: F-NMC/515/076-077). Demographic data were collected using predesigned proforma in pregnant women with intrauterine fetal demise identified before, during labor and delivery.
Results: Among 1441 deliveries, IUFD was found in 81 (5.62%). The highest stillbirth rate occurred in the 3rd trimester between 37 - 42 weeks 41 (50.61%), 85.18% unemployed, 36% were primigravida, 46.91% in 20 – 24 years age group. The commonest obstetric complications encountered were hypertensive disorders at 14.81%, unexplained (13.58%). Macerated stillbirths accounted for 49 (60.49%. Over 85% of the mothers had vaginal delivery while 15% had cesarean section.
Conclusion: A significant portion of IUFD can be prevented by providing patient and community health education for regular antenatal care regarding warning signs during antenatal, hospital delivery, early referral.
Vertebral bone quality score provides preoperative bone density assessment for patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery: a retrospective study
Authors: Pu Mengyang , Zhong Wentao , Heng Hongquan , Yu Jiahao , Wu Han , Jin Yifei , Zhang Peng , Shen Yixin 
Published: February 2023

OBJECTIVE
The novel MRI-based vertebral bone quality (VBQ) score has been described as an opportunistic screening tool for osteoporosis, but the stability and practical value of this score deserve further investigation. The purpose of this study was to assess whether preoperative VBQ scores could assist in identifying reduced bone mineral density (BMD) or osteoporosis and evaluating the consistency between MRI systems with different field strengths.

METHODS
The VBQ scores of the patients who underwent surgery for lumbar disc herniation and the single-level VBQ scores of each L1–4 vertebral body were measured and calculated with preoperative lumbar MRI noncontrast T1-weighted phases. The VBQ scores were evaluated for correlation analysis using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) T-scores. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the ability of the VBQ scores to identify patients with reduced BMD and with osteoporosis. Differences in CSF measurements at different levels of L1–4 were compared. Twenty-four patients who had been examined using another MRI machine were used as controls to test the interdevice agreement of the VBQ scores.

RESULTS
The study included 100 patients with mean VBQ scores of 2.81 ± 0.28 (normal BMD), 3.06 ± 0.36 (osteopenia), and 3.43 ± 0.37 (osteoporosis). VBQ scores differed significantly between BMD subgroups (p < 0.001). The Pearson correlation coefficient showed a moderate negative linear correlation between novel VBQ scores and the lowest DEXA T-scores (r = −0.524). ROC analysis showed good discrimination of VBQ scores in patients with reduced BMD (area under the curve [AUC] 0.793) and with osteoporosis (AUC 0.810). The diagnostic thresholds of reduced BMD and osteoporosis according to the maximum Youden index were 3.06 (sensitivity 0.636, specificity 0.870, positive predictive value [PPV] 0.942, negative predictive value [NPV] 0.417) and 3.05 (sensitivity 0.875, specificity 0.618, PPV 0.519, NPV 0.913), respectively. CSF measurements at the L2, L3, and L4 levels were essentially identical and did not significantly affect the final VBQ scores (p > 0.05), whereas CSF measurements at the L1 level were found to be heterogeneous (p < 0.001). No significant differences were found in VBQ scores between the same brand of MRI machines at different field strengths (1.5 and 3.0 T, p = 0.107).

CONCLUSIONS
The new VBQ score provides an additional screening opportunity for preoperative BMD assessment. A VBQ score < 3.05 essentially excludes osteoporosis, whereas a VBQ score ≥ 3.05 (especially ≥ 3.06) suggests the need for further examination. The VBQ score is comparable between different MRI systems.
Developing a Code of Ethics for Disaster Tourism
Authors: Kelman Ilan , Dodds Rachel 
Published: February 2023

<p>This paper provides a first discussion of the advantages and concerns of disaster tourism along with an initial step towards a code of ethics. Based on existing disaster and tourism codes, four guidelines are suggested and critiqued: 1. Priority in disasters should be given to the safety of disaster-affected people and responders, encompassing rescue and body recovery operations. 2. One individual should not put another individual at increased risk without consent. 3. The authorities in a disaster-affected area and their rules and regulations should be obeyed within reason. 4. Any donations or assistance offered to disaster-affected areas should be considered within the local context and should also involve nearby but non-disaster-affected communities. Targets, training, monitoring, enforcement, and evaluation for the code are also discussed along with the need for consultative processes for further developing and implementing the code. Three main areas of disaster tourism research are proposed for further work: disaster recovery, convergence behaviour, and supporting disaster risk reduction rather than post-disaster actions. </p>
Island Tourism: Vulnerable or Resistant to Overtourism?
Authors: Butler Richard W. , Dodds Rachel 
Published: February 2023

<p>Islands have long attracted tourists and some islands rank amongst the most visited places in the world. Such popularity has created problems of overdevelopment and tourism at unsustainable levels, leading to the phenomenon of overtourism. Traditionally islands could rely on natural features to limit tourist numbers but this is increasingly not the case today, therefore, this paper reviews how changes in attitude, access and media coverage have led to problems of excessive visitation. The paper discusses the failure to create and implement appropriate policies which might mitigate against such developments and notes the inherent long-term problems many island authorities have traditionally faced when trying to improve economic conditions for their residents. The paper concludes that more specific action in terms of policy goals and implementation are needed if islands are to avoid the issues of unsustainable development and overtourism currently being experienced in many mainland tourist destinations. </p>
Assessing Stakeholders’ Views of Tourism Policy in Prince Edward County
Authors: Dodds Rachel 
Published: February 2023

<p>Prince Edward County, located in Ontario, Canada, is both a rural destination and an island. The destination, known familiarly as PEC, is fast becoming the newest winery destination in Ontario and faces the challenge of developing a tourism industry that is financially, socially, and environmentally sustainable. Like many other islands or rural areas, Prince Edward County is isolated and vulnerable to pressures from development and other human activities and sustainable development in PEC requires strategic and careful tourism planning. To support the viable development of a tourist destination while improving the regional quality of life, tourism policies must be forward-looking and satisfy the needs of multiple stakeholders. This allows more efficient and acceptable policy implementation as the policies are inclusive and cohesive. This study assesses current stakeholder perceptions of current tourism development and future tourism planning in PEC. The findings revealed that although the majority of the stakeholders agree with the importance of tourism development, many feel there are issues not being addressed by the county and are unhappy with the current direction of tourism development. </p>
Destination Marketing Organizations and Climate Change: The Need for Leadership and Education
Authors: Dodds Rachel 
Published: February 2023

<p>Destination Marketing Organizations (DMOs) operate at many levels ranging from the national to the municipal and have evolved over the years to respond to the geographical and political realities that are associated with tourism supply. Alongside providing information to potential visitors, DMOs work to make a destination attractive by showcasing its unique aspects and attractions. As the appeal of destinations, cost of doing business and the destination brand may be affected by the possible effects of climate change, this study aims to identify opportunities and threats to municipal and provincial/territorial DMOs and their members as well as identify measures they are undertaking to address the potential impacts. A study conducted of Canada‘s provincial and municipal large DMOs was conducted in 2009. This research found that awareness of climate change in Canada‘s tourism industry is increasing, but more efforts must be undertaken to mitigate climate change. To address climate change and tourism, this paper suggests doing three things: (a) DMOs need to demonstrate leadership about climate change education and mitigation to all their members; (b) government policy and action are needed to provide incentives for industry to address climate change; and (c) industry members require further education to take the steps necessary mitigate risk and to adapt. The internet has changed the DMOs‘ roles and how they provide information to the consumer; as such, they have been presented with an opportunity to take on new roles as educational and marketing providers. This paper will outline in the current shifts among Canadian DMOs and will discuss the key issues that are applicable to DMOs worldwide. </p>
KASA Turkey: Solving a Strategy and Sales Issue While Keeping Core Values: An Intrepid Travel CASE STUDY
Authors: Dodds Rachel , Sadowski Michael 
Published: February 2023

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<p>Intrepid Travel, a tour operator, faced deliberation of how to deal with decreasing numbers and revenue to Turkey; one of the company’s largest destinations. In the past, a successful public relations campaign brought people back to Nepal after the 2015 earthquake and this case debates whether a similar strategy would also work in Turkey. This case outlines the issues surrounding the two destinations as well as the implications that the company faces in a world of increasing risk to business. This case explores the value of sustainability as well as Stakeholder Theory and Rokeach’s Value theory. Teaching objectives include weighing the values of environmental versus political issues in business as well as addressing cultural bias and personal values in decision making.</p>
Willingness-To-Pay vs Actual Behavior: Sustainable Procurement at Festivals
Authors: Dodds Rachel , Jenkins Brittany , Smith Wayne , Pitts Robert E. 
Published: February 2023

<p>Sales and purchases of socially and environmentally responsible festival clothing are a way for festival attendees to engage in ethical consumption and for event organizers to undertake sustainable procurement. Although there have been a number of studies examining willingness-to-pay (WTP), few of them examine this in a festival setting, and there is a gap in existing research regarding the determination of actual behavior. The goal of this study is therefore to explore participants’ willingness-to-pay for apparel based on more external motivations (visible environmental messages) and then ascertain whether this behavior was actually replicated in a natural field setting. This study first collected surveys from 427 festival-goers in 2015, then used a natural field experiment in 2016 to investigate whether attendees at the Mariposa Folk Festival in Ontario, Canada, would actually be prepared to pay a premium for ethical festival T-shirts over a conventional alternative. The findings reveal that attendees not only showed a willingness-to-pay but they also did actually pay a premium for such T-shirts.</p>
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Planning for growth in islands: The case of Cuba
Authors: Dodds Rachel , Dimanche Frederic , Sadowski Michael 
Published: February 2023

<p> This chapter outlines appropriate tourism planning and development strategies for island environments and discusses the issues and challenges with these to suggest paths for tourism development success. The case of Cuba is considered, regarding its transition and plans for tourism, as the country re-emerges within the region's tourism landscape. </p>