bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lake Dynamics Modulate the Air Temperature Variability Recorded by Sedimentary Aquatic Biomarkers: A Holocene Case Study From Western Greenland
Authors: Cluett A. A. , Thomas E. K. , McKay N. P. , Cowling O. C. , Castañeda I. S. , Morrill C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractQuantitative temperature reconstructions from lacustrine organic geochemical proxies including branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) and alkenones provide key constraints on past continental climates. However, estimation of air temperatures from proxies can be impacted by non‐stationarity in the relationships between seasonal air and water temperatures, a factor not yet examined in strongly seasonal high‐latitude settings. We pair downcore analyses of brGDGTs and alkenones measured on the same samples through the Holocene with forward‐modeled proxy values based on thermodynamic lake model simulations for a western Greenland lake. The measured brGDGT distributions suggest that stable autochthonous (aquatic) production overpowers allochthonous inputs for most samples, justifying the use of the lake model to interpret temperature‐driven changes. Conventional calibration of alkenones (detected only after 5.5 thousand years BP) suggests substantially larger temperature variations than conventional calibration of brGDGTs. Comparison of proxy measurements to forward‐modeled values suggests variations in brGDGT distributions monotonically reflect multi‐decadal summer air temperatures changes, although the length of the ice‐free season dampens the influence of air temperatures on water temperatures. Drivers of alkenone variability remain less clear; potential influences include small changes in the seasonality of proxy production or biases toward specific years, both underlain by non‐linearity in water‐air temperature sensitivity during relevant seasonal windows. We demonstrate that implied temperature variability can differ substantially between proxies because of differences in air‐water temperature sensitivity during windows of proxy synthesis without necessitating threshold behavior in the lake or local climate, and recommend that future studies incorporate lake modeling to constrain this uncertainty.
Quantitative evaluation of blinking in blepharospasm using electrooculogram-integrated smart eyeglasses
Authors: Yoshimura Ayano , Hosotani Yuka , Kimura Akiko , Kanda Hiroyuki , Okita Youichi , Uema Yuji , Gomi Fumi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSmart eyeglasses with an integrated electrooculogram (EOG) device (JINS MEME ES_R®, JINS Inc.) were evaluated as a quantitative diagnostic tool for blepharospasm. Participants without blepharospasm (n = 21) and patients with blepharospasm (n = 19) undertook two voluntary blinking tests (light and fast) while wearing the smart eyeglasses. Vertical (Vv) and horizontal (Vh) components were extracted from time-series voltage waveforms recorded during 30 s of the blinking tests. Two parameters, the ratio between the maximum and minimum values in the power spectrum (peak-bottom ratio, Fourier transform analysis) and the mean amplitude of the EOG waveform (peak amplitude analysis) were calculated. The mean amplitude of Vh from light and fast blinking was significantly higher in the blepharospasm group than in the control group (P  < 0.05 and P  < 0.05). Similarly, the peak-bottom ratio of Vv from light and fast blinking was significantly lower in the blepharospasm group than in the control group (P  < 0.05 and P  < 0.05). The mean amplitude of Vh and peak-bottom ratio of Vv correlated with the scores determined using the Jankovic rating scale (P  < 0.05 and P  < 0.01). Therefore, these parameters are sufficiently accurate for objective blepharospasm classification and diagnosis.
Delineation of suitable sites for groundwater recharge based on groundwater potential with RS, GIS, and AHP approach for Mand catchment of Mahanadi Basin
Authors: Baghel Shreeya , Tripathi M. P. , Khalkho Dhiraj , Al-Ansari Nadhir , Kumar Aekesh , Elbeltagi Ahmed 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGroundwater management requires a systematic approach since it is crucial to the long-term viability of livelihoods and regional economies all over the world. There is insufficient groundwater management and difficulties in storage plans as a result of increased population, fast urbanisation, and climate change, as well as unpredictability in rainfall frequency and intensity. Groundwater exploration using remote sensing (RS) data and geographic information system (GIS) has become a breakthrough in groundwater research, assisting in the assessment, monitoring, and conservation of groundwater resources. The study region is the Mand catchment of the Mahanadi basin, covering 5332.07 km2 and is located between 21°42′15.525″N and 23°4′19.746″N latitude and 82°50′54.503″E and 83°36′1.295″E longitude in Chhattisgarh, India. The research comprises the generation of thematic maps, delineation of groundwater potential zones and the recommendation of structures for efficiently and successfully recharging groundwater utilising RS and GIS. Groundwater Potential Zones (GPZs) were identified with nine thematic layers using RS, GIS, and the Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) method. Satty's Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to rank the nine parameters that were chosen. The generated GPZs map indicated regions with very low, low to medium, medium to high, and very high groundwater potential encompassing 962.44 km2, 2019.92 km2, 969.19 km2, and 1380.42 km2 of the study region, respectively. The GPZs map was found to be very accurate when compared with the groundwater fluctuation map, and it is used to manage groundwater resources in the Mand catchment. The runoff of the study area can be accommodated by the computing subsurface storage capacity, which will raise groundwater levels in the low and low to medium GPZs. According to the study results, various groundwater recharge structures such as farm ponds, check dams and percolation tanks were suggested in appropriate locations of the Mand catchment to boost groundwater conditions and meet the shortage of water resources in agriculture and domestic use. This study demonstrates that the integration of GIS can provide an efficient and effective platform for convergent analysis of various data sets for groundwater management and planning.
Eccentric contractions during downhill running induce Osgood‒Schlatter disease in the tibial tuberosity in rats: a focus on histological structures
Authors: Suito Hirai , Fujikawa Kaoru , Ohsako Masafumi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOsgood–Schlatter disease (OSD), a condition that affects adolescents, causes inflammation, pain, and prominence at the tibial tuberosity. The causes of OSD are not well understood, but eccentric contractions in the quadriceps have been suggested as a possible factor. To investigate this, a study was conducted in which 24 rats were divided into two groups: the downhill treadmill running (DR) group and the control (CO) group. The DR group underwent a preliminary running program for 1 week, followed by a main running program for 3 weeks. The results showed that the deep region of the tibial tuberosity in the DR group was larger than that in the CO group, and inflammatory cytokines involved in gene expression were upregulated in the DR group. The anterior articular cartilage and deep region in the DR group were also immunoreactive to substance P. Additionally, high-activity chondrocytes of small size were observed in the non-calcified matrix. Thus, the DR group exhibited symptoms similar to OSD, including inflammation, pain, and prominence. These findings suggest that eccentric contractions in the quadriceps may play a role in the development of OSD. Further research is needed to better understand the pathophysiology of this condition and develop effective treatment options.
Fc-competent multispecific PDL-1/TIGIT/LAG-3 antibodies potentiate superior anti-tumor T cell response
Authors: Yang Riyao , Huang Su , Huang Cai , Fay Nathan S. , Wang Yanan , Putrevu Saroja , Wright Kimberly , Zaman Mohd Saif , Cai Wenyan , Huang Betty , Wang Bo , Wright Meredith , Hoag Matthew R. , Titong Allison , Liu Yue 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe landscape of current cancer immunotherapy is dominated by antibodies targeting PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 that have transformed cancer therapy, yet their efficacy is limited by primary and acquired resistance. The blockade of additional immune checkpoints, especially TIGIT and LAG-3, has been extensively explored, but so far only a LAG-3 antibody has been approved for combination with nivolumab to treat unresectable or metastatic melanoma. Here we report the development of a PDL1 × TIGIT bi-specific antibody (bsAb) GB265, a PDL1 × LAG3 bsAb GB266, and a PDL1 × TIGIT × LAG3 tri-specific antibody (tsAb) GB266T, all with intact Fc function. In in vitro cell-based assays, these antibodies promote greater T cell expansion and tumor cell killing than benchmark antibodies and antibody combinations in an Fc-dependent manner, likely by facilitating T cell interactions (bridging) with cancer cells and monocytes, in addition to blocking immune checkpoints. In animal models, GB265 and GB266T antibodies outperformed benchmarks in tumor suppression. This study demonstrates the potential of a new generation of multispecific checkpoint inhibitors to overcome resistance to current monospecific checkpoint antibodies or their combinations for the treatment of human cancers.
Study on the infrared dynamic evolution characteristics of different joint inclination phyllite under uniaxial compression
Authors: Chengyu Xie , Weihang Lan , Ziwei Chen , Yabin Wu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe destructive behavior of rocks and the evolution behavior of cracks are highly correlated. With the continuous development process of crack, the stress state of rock is constantly broken until entirely failed, so it is necessary to study the spatial and temporal behavior characteristics of the crack in the process of rock destruction. In this paper, the destruction process of phyllite specimens is analyzed by thermal imaging technology, and the temperature evolution process of the crack is studied to explore the infrared characteristics of the crack evolution process. Furthermore, a model for predicting rock destruction time is proposed based on Bi-LSTM recurrent neural network model combined with Attention mechanism. The results show that: (1) During the development of rock cracks, the rock surface shows a stable dynamic infrared response, and shows different evolutionary characteristics in different stages, mainly including temperature reduction in the compaction stage, temperature rise in the elastic and plastic stages, and temperature peaks in the failure stage; (2) During the evolution of the crack, rock destruction has a significant control effect on the IRT field along the fracture tangential and normal direction, and its distribution has the volatility controlled by the time; (3) The recurrent neural network method is used to predict the rock failure time, the results can be used as a method to predict the time of rock destruction, and it can be further put forward the corresponding protective measures accordingly, to maintain the long-term stability of the rock mass.
Diagnostic Rate of Malignant Lymphoma Using Soluble Interleukin 2 Receptor Levels in Patients with Cervical Lymphadenopathy
Authors: Hamaguchi Kiyomi , Tobe Yota , Ikenaga Tadashi , Michida Tetsuhiko , Takebayashi Shinji , Fujiwara Keizou , Naito Yasushi , Shinohara Shogo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background and Objectives Cervical lymph node enlargement is observed in various diseases, including malignant lymphoma (ML). Open biopsy of the enlarged lymph node is frequently required for diagnosis, especially when ML is suspected. Serum levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL-2R) may be useful as a biomarker of ML. This study aimed to determine whether the measurement of serum sIL-2R levels might be useful to diagnose ML.
Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed the data of 281 patients who had undergone open cervical lymph node biopsy at our institution between 2015 and 2019, including 157 males and 124 females (age range, 5–90 years). Data on the patients' age, final diagnosis, and serum sIL-2R levels were obtained from their medical records.
Results Overall, 184 cases of MLs and 97 cases of other diseases (non-MLs [NMLs]) were recorded. The mean age was significantly higher and mean serum sIL-2R levels were significantly higher in the ML group than in the NML group. In the ML group, the serum sIL-2R levels were significantly higher in patients with T cell lymphoma than in those with B cell lymphoma. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the serum sIL-2R level for predicting ML was 0.711, and a serum sIL-2R level of 1,246 U/mL was associated with the maximum value of the sensitivity + specificity for the diagnosis of ML. Multivariate analysis revealed that the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve increased to 0.758 for patients aged >61 years and patients with serum sIL-2R levels of >1,246 U/mL.
Conclusions Among patients presenting with cervical lymphadenopathy, the measurement of serum sIL-2R levels could be useful for distinguishing between patients with and without ML, with a cutoff level of 1,246 U/mL for the diagnosis of ML.
Effects of Head and Neck Cancer Treatments on Gonadal Function in Adolescent and Young Adult Patients
Authors: Makita Haruna , Kobayashi Eiji , Hirai Nobuyuki , Komori Takeshi , Ueno Takayoshi , Nakanishi Yosuke , Endo Kazuhira , Kondo Satoru , Yoshizaki Tomokazu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOtorhinolaryngologists often encounter and treat adolescents and young adults (AYA; aged 15–39 years) with cancer. Thus, it is important for them to recognize the impact of cancer treatment on the fertility of patients from this generation. In this retrospective review, we evaluated 60 AYA patients who were diagnosed with head and neck cancer at our department. Regarding the risk of gonadal toxicity due to cancer treatment, according to the classification by The Japan Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guidelines 2017 for Fertility Preservation in Childhood, Adolescent, and Young Adult Cancer Patients, one and three patients were found to be at high and intermediate risks, respectively. However, the risk of gonadal toxicity was not adequately explained in the guidelines; hence, they need to be revised. To preserve the fertility of AYA patients with head and neck cancer, patient information should be shared with appropriate obstetrics and gynecology or urology specialists before treatment. Furthermore, it is important to build a reproductive medicine network and ensure prompt collaboration with oncologists before initiating cancer treatment.
Barriers and facilitators to COVID-19 vaccine uptake among Australian health professional students during the pandemic: a nationwide study
Authors: Chen Yingyan , Prichard Roslyn , Mason Matt , Tower Marion , Zimmerman Peta-Anne , Sparke Vanessa , Layh Janice , Mehdi Ahmed M. , Lin Frances Fengzhi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUsing a cross-sectional online survey we investigated knowledge, attitudes, and risk perception about COVID-19 vaccination and identified factors influencing vaccine uptake among Australian health professional students from October 2021 to January 2022. We analysed data from 1114 health professional students from 17 Australian universities. Most participants were enrolled in nursing programs (n = 958, 86.8%), and 91.6% (n = 858) of the participants received COVID-19 vaccination. Approximately 27% believed COVID-19 was no more serious than seasonal influenza and that they had a low risk of acquiring COVID-19. Nearly 20% disagreed that COVID-19 vaccines in Australia were safe and perceived they were at higher-risk of acquiring COVID infection than the general population. Higher-risk perception viewing vaccination as their professional responsibility, and vaccine mandate strongly predicted vaccination behaviour. Participants consider COVID-19 information from health professionals, government websites, and World Health Organization as the most trusted information sources. The findings highlight that healthcare decision-makers and university administrators need to monitor students’ hesitancy with vaccination to improve students’ promotion of the vaccination to the general population.
Effects of 24‐week prebiotic intervention on self‐reported upper respiratory symptoms, gastrointestinal symptoms, and markers of immunity in elite rugby union players
Authors: Parker C. , Hunter K.A. , Johnson M.A. , Sharpe G.R. , Gibson G.R. , Walton G.E. , Poveda C. , Cousins B. , Williams N.C. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTObjectivesElite rugby union players face numerous physiological and psychological stressors which can increase upper respiratory and gastrointestinal illness risk, and in turn can compromise training and competitive performance. This study aimed to investigate the effect of daily prebiotic supplementation on upper respiratory symptoms, gastrointestinal symptoms, and markers of immune function in elite rugby union players.MethodsThirty‐three elite rugby union players were randomly assigned to consume a prebiotic (2.8 g/day galactooligosaccharide) or placebo (2.8 g/day maltodextrin), daily for 168 days under double‐blind conditions. Participants completed daily and weekly questionnaires for self‐reported upper respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms respectively. Blood and saliva samples were collected at 0, 84, and 168 days for assessment of plasma TNF‐α and CRP, and saliva IgA respectively.ResultsThe prebiotic group experienced a 2‐day reduction in upper respiratory symptom duration (P = 0.045). Gastrointestinal symptom severity and incidence were lower in the prebiotic group compared to the placebo group (P < 0.001, P = 0.041) respectively. Salivary immunoglobulin A secretion rate was 42% greater in the prebiotic group compared to the placebo group at day 168 (P = 0.004), no differences in CRP and TNF‐α were found (P > 0.05).ConclusionA 168‐day dietary prebiotic intervention reduced the duration of upper respiratory symptoms and reduced the incidence and severity of gastrointestinal symptoms in elite rugby union players. These findings suggest that seasonal prebiotic interventions may be beneficial for reducing illness in elite rugby union players, improving their availability to train and compete.Key points

Elite athletes are susceptible to upper respiratory symptoms and gastrointestinal symptoms which may impact upon training availability and competition performance.
For the first time, this study shows that a dietary prebiotic intervention can reduce the duration of upper respiratory symptoms by 2 days in elite rugby union players.
Dietary prebiotic supplementation can improve the incidence and severity of gastrointestinal symptoms experienced by elite rugby union players.
Prebiotic supplementation was able to increase salivary IgA secretion after 168 days.
These findings can inform practice suggesting that seasonal prebiotic use has the potential to modulate immune function and reduce illness in elite rugby union, which may improve a player's availability to train and compete.
The mechanisms by which prebiotics reduce URS and GIS require further research exploration.
Comparison of Imputation Strategies for Incomplete Longitudinal Data in Life-Course Epidemiology
Authors: Shaw Crystal , Wu Yingyan , Zimmerman Scott C , Hayes-Larson Eleanor , Belin Thomas R , Power Melinda C , Glymour M Maria , Mayeda Elizabeth Rose 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Incomplete longitudinal data are common in life-course epidemiology and may induce bias leading to incorrect inference. Multiple imputation (MI) is increasingly preferred for handling missing data, but few studies explore MI-method performance and feasibility in real-data settings. We compared 3 MI methods using real data under 9 missing-data scenarios, representing combinations of 10%, 20%, and 30% missingness and missing completely at random, at random, and not at random. Using data from Health and Retirement Study (HRS) participants, we introduced record-level missingness to a sample of participants with complete data on depressive symptoms (1998–2008), mortality (2008–2018), and relevant covariates. We then imputed missing data using 3 MI methods (normal linear regression, predictive mean matching, variable-tailored specification), and fitted Cox proportional hazards models to estimate effects of 4 operationalizations of longitudinal depressive symptoms on mortality. We compared bias in hazard ratios, root mean square error, and computation time for each method. Bias was similar across MI methods, and results were consistent across operationalizations of the longitudinal exposure variable. However, our results suggest that predictive mean matching may be an appealing strategy for imputing life-course exposure data, given consistently low root mean square error, competitive computation times, and few implementation challenges.
A mark-specific quantile regression model
Authors: Qu Lianqiang , Sun Liuquan , Sun Yanqing 
Published: June 2023

Summary
Quantile regression has become a widely used tool for analysing competing risk data. However, quantile regression for competing risk data with a continuous mark is still scarce. The mark variable is an extension of cause of failure in a classical competing risk model where cause of failure is replaced by a continuous mark only observed at uncensored failure times. An example of the continuous mark variable is the genetic distance that measures dissimilarity between the infecting virus and the virus contained in the vaccine construct. In this article, we propose a novel mark-specific quantile regression model. The proposed estimation method borrows strength from data in a neighbourhood of a mark and is based on an induced smoothed estimation equation, which is very different from the existing methods for competing risk data with discrete causes. The asymptotic properties of the resulting estimators are established across mark and quantile continuums. In addition, a mark-specific quantile-type vaccine efficacy is proposed and its statistical inference procedures are developed. Simulation studies are conducted to evaluate the finite sample performances of the proposed estimation and hypothesis testing procedures. An application to the first HIV vaccine efficacy trial is provided.