bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The activation of GABAergic neurons in the hypothalamic tuberomammillary nucleus attenuates sevoflurane and propofol-induced anesthesia in mice
Authors: Liu Jing , Liu Xiao , Zhou Wen-Yu , Gan Jun , Wang Jie , Zhang Qi , Li Jun-Liang , Shen Zhong-Shan , Zhang Yue-Ying , Tang Qiong-Yao , Zhang Zhe 
Published: June 2023

Background: The histaminergic neurons in the hypothalamic tuberomammillary nucleus (TMN) have been suggested to play a vital role in maintaining a rising state. But the neuronal types of the TMN are in debate and the role of GABAergic neurons remains unclear.Methods: In the present study, we examined the role of TMN GABAergic neurons in general anesthesia using chemogenetics and optogenetics strategies to regulate the activity of TMN GABAergic neurons.Results: The results indicated that either chemogenetic or optogenetic activation of TMN GABAergic neurons in mice decreased the effect of sevoflurane and propofol anesthesia. In contrast, inhibition of the TMN GABAergic neurons facilitates the sevoflurane anesthesia effect.Conclusion: Our results suggest that the activity of TMN GABAergic neurons produces an anti-anesthesia effect in loss of consciousness and analgesia.
Superconducting undulator activities at the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser Facility
Authors: Casalbuoni Sara , Abeghyan Suren , Alanakyan Levon , Baader Johann , Barbanotti Serena , Decking Winfried , Felice Massimiliano Di , Eckoldt Hans-Jörg , Englisch Uwe , Geloni Gianluca , Grattoni Vanessa , Grau Andreas , Hauberg Axel , Helwich Christian , Hobl Achim , Jensch Kay , Karabekyan Suren , Civita Daniele La , Lederer Sven , Lechner Christoph , Lilje Lutz , Liu Shan , Marchetti Barbara , Potter Andrew , Schnautz Tobias , Schneidmiller Evgeny , Sinn Harald , Walter Wolfgang , Wichmann Riko , Wohlenberg Torsten , Yakopov Grigory , Yakopov Mikhail , Zagorodnov Igor , Zimmermann René , Ziolkowski Pawel 
Published: June 2023

For more than 5 years, superconducting undulators (SCUs) have been successfully delivering X-rays in storage rings. The European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Facility (XFEL) plans to demonstrate the operation of SCUs in X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs). For the same geometry, SCUs can reach a higher peak field on the axis with respect to all other available technologies, offering a larger photon energy tunability range. The application of short-period SCUs in a high electron beam energy FEL &gt; 11 GeV will enable lasing at very hard X-rays &gt; 40 keV. The large tunability range of SCUs will allow covering the complete photon energy range of the soft X-ray experiments at the European XFEL without changing electron beam energy, as currently needed with the installed permanent magnet undulators. For a possible continuous-wave (CW) upgrade under discussion at the European XFEL with a lower electron beam energy of approximately 7–8 GeV, SCUs can provide the same photon energy range as available at present with the permanent magnet undulators and electron energies. This paper will describe the potential of SCUs for X-ray FELs. In particular, it will focus on the different activities ongoing at the European XFEL and in collaboration with DESY to allow the implementation of SCUs in the European XFEL in the upcoming years.
Effects of rest interval and training intensity on jumping performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis investigating post-activation performance enhancement
Authors: Chen Yiyan , Su Qing , Yang Juan , Li Gen , Zhang Shiyan , Lv Yuanyuan , Yu Laikang 
Published: June 2023

Background: There is no clear agreement regarding the ideal rest interval and training intensity to optimize post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) after barbell squat (BS). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of rest interval and training intensity on jumping performance due to PAPE.Methods: Searches were performed in PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO databases. We included studies that satisfied the following criteria: (1) eligible studies should be randomized controlled trials; (2) eligible studies should investigate the acute effect of barbell squat-induced PAPE on jump performance; (3) eligible studies should use countermovement jump, squat jump, or vertical jump as the outcome measure.Results: From 2518 search records initially identified, 19 studies were eligible for meta-analysis. Our meta-analysis results showed that BS had no significant effect on improving jumping performance due to PAPE (Cohen’s d = 0.09, p = 0.08). Subgroup analysis showed that rest interval between 0–1 min was detrimental to jumping performance (Cohen’s d = −0.33, p &lt; 0.01), while rest intervals between 4–7 min (Cohen’s d = 0.31, p &lt; 0.01) and 8-9 min (Cohen’s d = 0.26, p = 0.02) provided favorable jumping performance outcomes. In addition, low-intensity and moderate-intensity BS had no significant effect on jump performance, while high-intensity BS showed results consistent with rest interval.Conclusion: Our study indicated that both low-intensity and moderate-intensity BS failed to induce PAPE, and it is recommended that future studies use high-intensity BS to induce PAPE. A rest interval of 4–9 min had a beneficial impact on jump height, and an interval range of 4–7 min seems to be the best rest interval between conditioning activity and jumping performance.
Dynamic monitoring of maize grain quality based on remote sensing data
Authors: Sun Weiwei , He Qijin , Liu Jiahong , Xiao Xiao , Wu Yaxin , Zhou Sijia , Ma Selimai , Wang Rongwan 
Published: June 2023

Remote sensing data have been widely used to monitor crop development, grain yield, and quality, while precise monitoring of quality traits, especially grain starch and oil contents considering meteorological elements, still needs to be improved. In this study, the field experiment with different sowing time, i.e., 8 June, 18 June, 28 June, and 8 July, was conducted in 2018–2020. The scalable annual and inter-annual quality prediction model for summer maize in different growth periods was established using hierarchical linear modeling (HLM), which combined hyperspectral and meteorological data. Compared with the multiple linear regression (MLR) using vegetation indices (VIs), the prediction accuracy of HLM was obviously improved with the highest R2, root mean square error (RMSE), and mean absolute error (MAE) values of 0.90, 0.10, and 0.08, respectively (grain starch content (GSC)); 0.87, 0.10, and 0.08, respectively (grain protein content (GPC)); and 0.74, 0.13, and 0.10, respectively (grain oil content (GOC)). In addition, the combination of the tasseling, grain-filling, and maturity stages further improved the predictive power for GSC (R2 = 0.96). The combination of the grain-filling and maturity stages further improved the predictive power for GPC (R2 = 0.90). The prediction accuracy developed in the combination of the jointing and tasseling stages for GOC (R2 = 0.85). The results also showed that meteorological factors, especially precipitation, had a great influence on grain quality monitoring. Our study provided a new idea for crop quality monitoring by remote sensing.
Emotion regulation moderates the association between COVID-19 stress and mental distress: findings on buffering, exacerbation, and gender differences in a cross-sectional study from Norway
Authors: Haver Annie , Krampe Henning , Danbolt Lars Johan , Stålsett Gry , Schnell Tatjana 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundMaintaining good mental health is important during a crisis. However, little attention has been given to how people achieve this, or how they evaluate emotions associated with stressors, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to (1) investigate whether emotion regulation, in particular cognitive reappraisal and suppression, moderates the relationship between COVID-19 stress and general mental distress and (2) examine gender differences in the interrelations between COVID-19 stress, emotion regulation, and mental distress.MethodsData from a population in Norway (n = 1.225) were collected using a cross-sectional survey during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Emotion regulation was measured using the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire Scale (ERQ), COVID-19 stress with the COVID-19 Stress Scale, and mental distress with the Patient Health Questionnaire 4 (PHQ-4). Moderation analyses were conducted using the PROCESS macro for SPSS.ResultsThere was a strong association between COVID-19 stress and general mental distress (r = 0.61). The moderation analyses showed substantial moderation effects of cognitive reappraisal and suppression on the relationship between COVID-19 stress and mental distress. Cognitive reappraisal served as a buffer (p = 0.001) and suppression (p = 0.002) exacerbated the relation between COVID-19 stress and mental distress. Men had higher scores of suppression (p &lt; 0.001), and women had higher scores of cognitive reappraisal (p = 0.025). The buffering effect of cognitive reappraisal presented itself only in women (p &lt; 0.001), while the exacerbation effect of suppression appeared only in men (p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionThe current study suggests that COVID-19 pandemic-related stress is easier to deal with for those who have the tendency to cognitively reappraise. In contrast, suppression is associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety. The prevention of mental distress can be supported by guiding people about the importance of using healthy emotion regulation strategies, as well as helping them to become more aware of the way they interpret and regulate their emotions. Gender differences in emotion regulation suggest gender awareness, e.g., tailored programs for men and women.
Attained body mass index among children attending rural outdoor or urban conventional kindergartens
Authors: Larsen Sofus C. , Rohde Jeanett F. , Olsen Nanna J. , Østergaard Jane N. , Heitmann Berit L. , Specht Ina O. 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine whether children in rural outdoor kindergartens had attained a lower body mass index z-score (BMIz) and were at lower risk of overweight after school entrance compared to children in urban conventional kindergartens.MethodsThis is a longitudinal observational study of 1,544 children from outdoor kindergartens and 1,640 from conventional kindergartens. The mean age at kindergarten enrolment was 3.5 years (SD: 0.9) in the outdoor kindergartens and 3.6 years (SD: 1.0) in the conventional kindergartens. Anthropometry was measured after school entry by school health nurses when the children were 6 to 8 years old. Attained BMIz was included as the primary outcome. The risk of attaining overweight (including obesity) was included as a secondary outcome. Register-based information was available on potential confounding factors. Linear and logistic regression models were used to assess group differences in outcome measures.ResultsOur basic models, with information on outcome, kindergarten type, and birth weight showed a borderline statistically significantly lower attained BMIz (−0.07 [95% CI: −0.14, 0.00], P = 0.060) and a lower risk of overweight (adjusted risk ratio: 0.83 [95% CI: 0.72, 0.97], P = 0.016) among children attending outdoor kindergartens. However, when adjusting for sociodemographic factors and parental BMI, there was no evidence of differences in attained BMIz (P = 0.153) or overweight (P = 0.967).ConclusionWhen considering confounding factors, our findings indicate no differences in attained BMIz or risk of overweight after school entry among children attending rural outdoor kindergartens compared to those attending urban conventional kindergartens.
Differences among fathers, mothers, and teachers in symptom assessment of ADHD patients
Authors: Huang Xia , Li Hui-Qin , Simpson Alan , Xu Jia-Jun , Tang Wan-Jie , Li Yuan-Yuan 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundThe Swanson Nolan, and Pelham scale version IV (SNAP-IV) is the most critical tool for ADHD screening and diagnosis, which has two scoring methods. ADHD requires symptom assessment in multiple scenarios, and parent and teacher reports are indispensable for diagnosing ADHD. But the differences of assessment results from fathers, mothers and teachers, and the consistency of results from different scoring methods are unknown. Therefore, we carried out this study to understand the differences in the scores of fathers, mothers and teachers using SNAP-IV for children with ADHD and to explore the differences in scoring results under different scoring methods.MethodsThe SNAP-IV scale and Demographics Questionnaire and Familiarity Index were used to survey fathers, mothers and head teachers. Measurement data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation (x ± s). The enumeration data were described by frequency and percentage. ANOVA was used to compare group differences in mothers’, fathers’, and teachers’ mean SNAP-IV scores. The Bonferroni method was used for post hoc multiple comparison tests. Cochran’s Q test was used to compare the differences in the abnormal rate of SNAP-IV score results of mothers, fathers and teachers. Dunn’s test was used for post hoc multiple comparison tests.ResultsThere were differences in scores among the three groups, and the differences showed inconsistent trends across the different subscales. Differences between groups were calculated again with familiarity as a control variable. The results showed the familiarity of parents and teachers with the patients did not affect the differences in their scores. The evaluation results were different under two assessment methods.ConclusionResults concluded that fathers did not appear to be an appropriate candidate for evaluation. When using the SNAP-V for assessment, it should be comprehensively considered from both the scorer and symptom dimensions.
Association between bone mineral density and cardiovascular disease in older adults
Authors: Yang Yulu , Huang Yun 
Published: June 2023

Background and aimsCardiovascular disease and osteoporosis are common diseases in older adults with high morbidity. The study on the interaction between the two in pathogenic mechanisms has been paid much attention by the majority of researchers. This study aimed to explore the relationship between bone mineral density and cardiovascular disease in older adults.MethodsThe primary data was downloaded from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database of the United States. Multivariate logistic regression model, generalized additive model, and smooth curve fitting were used to explore the relationship between bone mineral density and cardiovascular events risk. When a curve relationship was found, a two-piecewise linear model was used to calculate the inflection point. In addition, subgroup analysis was also performed.ResultsA total of 2097 subjects were included in this study. After adjusting for potential confounders, no significant association was found between lumbar bone mineral density and cardiovascular disease, while femur bone mineral density had a non-linear relationship with cardiovascular disease, with an inflection point of 0.741 gm/cm2. When bone mineral density was &lt;0.741 gm/cm2, the risk of cardiovascular disease decreased speedily. Once bone mineral density exceeded this value, the risk of cardiovascular disease continued to decrease, but the trend became significantly slower. Compared with patients with normal bone mass, osteoporosis was associated with a 2.05-fold increased risk of cardiovascular disease (95% CI 1.68–5.52). There were no significant differences in interaction tests of all subgroups (p for interaction &gt;0.05) except race.ConclusionOur results indicated that bone mineral density was closely associated with the prevalence of cardiovascular disease in older adults over 60 years old, especially the femur bone mineral density was negatively non-linear associated with cardiovascular disease risk, with an inflection point of 0.741 gm/cm2.
Impact of the teach-back method on caregiver outcomes using the “Timing it Right” framework for hemodialysis patients
Authors: Huang Jing , Lin Xiutian , Xiong Dailan , Huang Kaiwei , Luo Xiaofei , Lin Qinwen , Li Min , Zhang Ping 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundThe caregivers play vital roles in the health care of hemodialysis patients. Ineffective education strategy for the caregivers negatively affects the care ability of caregivers. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the teach-back method based on the “Timing it Right” framework on the caregivers’ care ability, emotions and health-related quality of life for hemodialysis patients.MethodsThe study involved 78 caregivers of 78 hemodialysis patients. Participants in the control group received routine nursing care and traditional oral health education, while those in the intervention group received health education through the teach-back method based on the “Timing it Right” framework. All participants were followed for 6 months. The degree of anxiety and depression of caregivers was evaluated through the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), respectively. The care ability of caregivers was assessed by the Family Caregiver Task Inventory (FCTI). The health-related quality of life of hemodialysis patients was evaluated using the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36).ResultsCompared to baseline (T0), the SAS, SDS and FCTI scores of the intervention group were significantly reduced at the time of discharge (T1), three (T2) and 6 months (T3) (all p &lt; 0.001). Besides, at T1, T2, and T3, the FCTI scores of the intervention group were significantly lower than that in control group (all p &lt; 0.001). The SAS and SDS scores were also significantly lower in the intervention group at T1, T2, and T3 compared to the control group (all p &lt; 0.001). For SF-36 scores, all domains of the intervention group were significantly higher than those of the control group at T1, T2 and T3, including physical functioning (p &lt; 0.001), role physical (p = 0.007), bodily pain (p &lt; 0.001), general health (p = 0.002), vitality (p = 0.043), social functioning (p = 0.016), role emotional (p = 0.002), and mental health(p = 0.025).ConclusionThe application of teach-back method based on the “Timing it Right” framework could obviously alleviate the anxiety and depression of caregivers for hemodialysis patients. Furthermore, it could significantly improve the care ability of caregivers and the quality of life of patients.
Major depressive disorder in post-secondary students attending foodbanks in France
Authors: Rambliere Lison , Leservoisier Clémentine , Bedo Ysé , Macalli Melissa , Lebugle Amandine , Douay Caroline , Guénée Lorraine 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionPoor mental health among youth is a major public health issue that has risen to the forefront since the COVID-19 crisis, especially among post-secondary students and precarious populations. The objectives of this work were to evaluate the rate of major depressive disorder (MDD) among precarious post-secondary students in the greater Paris region, to describe its risk factors, and to identify determinants for not seeking care.MethodsWe conducted a multi-site, cross-sectional survey of post-secondary students attending a selection of 13 student foodbanks in the greater Paris region (France) between 30 November 2021 and 27 January 2022. This study had two complementary epidemiological and sociological components: a quantitative description of MDD through completion of a questionnaire performed through face-to-face or telephone interviews, and a qualitative assessment of the factors underlying MDD through in-depth follow-up interviews conducted among a sub-selection of students who participated in the first phase.ResultsAmong 456 students who participated in our survey, 35.7% presented with MDD. The risk of suffering from MDD was higher among women, students housed by third-parties, students reporting moderately to severely hungry and/or poor physical health. Students receiving material and/or social support were less likely to present with MDD. Among students who reported needing health care in the last year or since their arrival in France, 51.4% did not seek care.ConclusionTo address poor mental health among precarious students, policy action must jointly consider financial precarity, administrative barriers, housing, food security, physical health, and access to health services, especially mental health.
Effects of social confinement during the first wave of COVID-19 in Mexico City
Authors: Segura-García Stephany , Barrera-Ramírez Ameyalli , Gutiérrez-Esparza Guadalupe O. , Groves-Miralrio Elizabeth , Martínez-García Mireya , Hernández-Lemus Enrique 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic led to global social confinement that had a significant impact on people's lives. This includes changes such as increased loneliness and isolation, changes in sleep patterns and social habits, increased substance use and domestic violence, and decreased physical activities. In some cases, it has increased mental health problems, such as anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder.ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to analyze the living conditions that arose during social confinement in the first wave of COVID-19 within a group of volunteers in Mexico City.MethodsThis is a descriptive and cross-sectional analysis of the experiences of volunteers during social confinement from 20 March 2020 to 20 December 2020. The study analyzes the impact of confinement on family life, work, mental health, physical activity, social life, and domestic violence. A maximum likelihood generalized linear model is used to determine the association between domestic violence and demographic and health-related factors.ResultsThe findings indicate that social confinement had a significant impact on the participants, resulting in difficulties within families and vulnerable conditions for individuals. Gender and social level differences were observed in work and mental health. Physical activity and social life were also modified. We found that suffering from domestic violence was significantly associated with being unmarried (OR = 1.4454, p-value = 0.0479), lack of self-care in feeding habits (OR = 2.3159, p-value = 0.0084), and most notably, having suffered from a symptomatic COVID-19 infection (OR = 4.0099, p-value = 0.0009). Despite public policy to support vulnerable populations during confinement, only a small proportion of the studied population reported benefiting from it, suggesting areas for improvement in policy.ConclusionThe findings of this study suggest that social confinement during the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the living conditions of people in Mexico City. Modified circumstances on families and individuals, included increased domestic violence. The results can inform policy decisions to improve the living conditions of vulnerable populations during times of social confinement.