bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
According to Whose Numbers? Assessing the Pew Research Center’s Estimate of 7.5 Million Jewish Americans
Authors: DellaPergola Sergio 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDifferences of opinion regarding the numerical size of US Jewry are discussed in this article, with special reference to the 2020 Pew survey of Jewish Americans. Issues discussed involve understanding the theoretical assumptions, technical requirements, and accumulated body of knowledge of Jewish demography and population studies as a discipline; the different methods and biases of Jewish social survey research; the variety of possible Jewish population definitions in a world which is no more dichotomous; the essential role children's Jewish socialization in Jewish population estimates; the independence vs. circularity of existing Jewish population estimates. It is argued that different possible estimates can coexist side-by-side, provided assumptions, methods and definitions are fully transparent and amenable to clear common denominators. The study of US Jews cannot be severed from the study of Jews globally.
Bedeutung von Künstlicher Intelligenz in der Sozialen Arbeit
Authors: Linnemann Gesa Alena , Löhe Julian , Rottkemper Beate 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Bedeutung des Einsatzes von Verfahren, die unter dem Begriff der Künstlichen Intelligenz (KI) zusammenzufassen sind, wird sowohl für gesellschaftliche Prozesse als auch den Auftrag an die Soziale Arbeit zunehmend erkannt und diskutiert. Mit diesem Artikel wird ein Beitrag zum Diskurs geleistet, indem vertieft der Bereich der Sprachverarbeitung durch KI, das Natural Language Processing (NLP), in den Blick genommen wird. Verarbeitung natürlicher Sprache ist aufgrund der hohen Bedeutung kommunikativer Prozesse für die Praxis der Sozialen Arbeit von besonderer Relevanz, zugleich wird die Profession der Sozialen Arbeit tangiert. Bezugnehmend auf Staub-Bernasconis Handlungstheorie werden Implikationen und Diskussionspunkte von NLP identifiziert und diskutiert. Zudem werden mögliche Gratifikationen für Klient*innen herausgearbeitet, die sich u. a. aus der Wirkung und sozialen Interaktion ergeben. Hier wird die Media-Equation-Theorie von Nass und Reeves als Erkenntnisfolie herangezogen. Vor diesen Perspektiven ergeben sich sowohl Risiken (u. a. die Gefahr einer modularisierten Herauslösung genuin sozialarbeiterischer Tätigkeit) als auch Chancen (u. a. Teilhabe, niederschwelliger Zugang, Zugriff auf breitere Datenbasis).
Intra-species variation of ovipositor morphology and oviposition preference in Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae)
Authors: Akutsu Junichi , Matsuo Takashi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFemales ofDrosophila suzukiihave an enlarged and sclerotized ovipositor (oviscapt, hypogynium), which is a key evolutionary trait that enabledD. suzukiito lay eggs through the skin of ripening fruits. We investigated the intra-species variation ofD. suzukiiin ovipositor morphology and oviposition preference for substrate hardness among 27 strains recently established from local populations in Japan. A significant difference between strains was observed in the length of the ovipositor as well as in the number of bristles on it. Further analysis using representative strains revealed that the ovipositor size variation among strains was independent of the body size variation, suggesting that the proportion between the ovipositor and other body parts was different among the strains. In the two-choice oviposition assay using 2% and 7% agar substrates, four strains preferred the soft substrates, and one strain preferred the hard substrates. Competitive cross-modal assay between substrate hardness and surface curvature revealed that the preference for curvature overrode the preference for hardness in all the tested strains.
Low-Velocity Impact Damage Quantification on Sandwich Panels by Thermographic and Ultrasonic Procedures
Authors: Pirinu A. , Saponaro A. , Nobile R. , Panella F. W. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Composite sandwich structures are widely used for their mechanical properties combined to lightweight. However, damage area quantification caused by low velocity impacts represents generally a crucial task in sandwich composites. In the last years, recent advantages of thermographic devices offer new promising and different real-time industrial and engineering applications where lower computation time, accuracy of results and convenient cost are required. The present research deals with the comparison of standard or latest image-processing methods proposed for pulsed thermography regarding their suitability for determining the impact damage area in sandwich materials made of Aluminium core an a GFRP laminated skins. The Infra-Red processed results are compared with the advanced ultrasonic Phased array method commonly employed in the industrial Non-Destructive Testing. Specifically, the damage area quantification is performed by means of an appropriate MATLAB binarization algorithm for the post-processing of acquired thermal and ultrasonic maps. The data results verify the effectiveness of the image-processing thermographic technique combined to advanced processing approaches for the quantitative assessment of impact damage in sandwich component.
Geometry of the matching distance for 2D filtering functions
Authors: Ethier Marc , Frosini Patrizio , Quercioli Nicola , Tombari Francesca 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper we exploit the concept of extended Pareto grid to study the geometric properties of the matching distance for $$\mathbb {R}^2$$

R

2

-valued regular functions defined on a closed Riemannian manifold. In particular, we prove that in this case the matching distance is realised either at special values or at values corresponding to vertical, horizontal or slope 1 lines.
Klima DAO: a crypto answer to carbon markets
Authors: Jirásek Michal 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTackling major societal challenges often requires a significant level of organizational novelty. One such recent example is Klima DAO, a decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) that seeks to transform voluntary markets through the adoption of carbon credits. DAOs rely on self-executing rules and have a high level of decentralization. By leveraging blockchain and related technologies, Klima DAO offers innovative solutions to universal problems of organizing in both its governance and product delivery. Blockchain tools enable Klima DAO to operate uniquely, allowing for rapid scaling while maintaining decentralized governance and promoting transparent carbon credit trading with low transaction fees. As such, Klima DAO may serve as a model for future organizations in search of greater transparency and flatter governance structures.
On the Effect of Emotion Identification from Limited Translated Text Samples Using Computational Intelligence
Authors: Tahir Madiha , Halim Zahid , Waqas Muhmmad , Tu Shanshan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEmotion identification from text data has recently gained focus of the research community. This has multiple utilities in an assortment of domains. Many times, the original text is written in a different language and the end-user translates it to her native language using online utilities. Therefore, this paper presents a framework to detect emotions on translated text data in four different languages. The source language is English, whereas the four target languages include Chinese, French, German, and Spanish. Computational intelligence (CI) techniques are applied to extract features, dimensionality reduction, and classification of data into five basic classes of emotions. Results show that when English text is translated to French, classification accuracy is higher than others, i.e., 99.04%. Whereas, when the same is translated to Chinese language, its detection rate is lowest among target languages. It is concluded that emotions remain preserved after translation to some extent. Framework consists of TFIDF features. PCA and Discriminant Analysis perform good to detect emotions from translated data.
The Impact of COVID-19 on Trends of Violence-Related Offences in Australia
Authors: Miller Peter , Button Kira , Taylor Nicholas , Coomber Kerri , Baldwin Ryan , Harries Travis , Patafio Brittany , Guala Tahnee , Harris Nathan , Curtis Ashlee , Karantzas Gery C. , Staiger Petra K. , de Andrade Dominique 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the medium-term impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on violence-related offences in Australia, and whether there was evidence of a ‘dual pandemic’ of family violence in addition to COVID-19.

Methods
Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average time series were conducted to analyse publicly available violent crime statistics data from January 2017 to November 2021. Population rates of homicide, sexual, domestic and non-domestic assault were assessed across each Australian state and territory, with the effects of COVID-19 being modelled using the average monthly World Health Organization COVID-19 stringency rating for each jurisdiction.

Findings
All jurisdictions in Australia showed increasing or stable domestic assault trends over the past decade, which were not significantly impacted by COVID-19, nor by the subsequent lockdowns. Non-domestic assaults demonstrated a significant, negative relationship with the stringency index for each jurisdiction, except Western Australia. There was no significant change in the rates of homicide or sexual assault across Australia in relation to COVID-19.

Conclusion
Overall, there was no evidence of a ‘dual pandemic’ in Australia, and whilst domestic assaults continue to increase across the country, non-domestic assaults showed a notable but brief decline. However, these have returned to levels at least as high as pre-COVID-19 and some states show a continuing upward trend. The findings also suggest that alcohol availability may have played a role in continuing high violence numbers. Given the ongoing increasing and high levels of family violence in Australia, revised conceptual frameworks and interventions are indicated.
Dependence of Eigenvalues of $$(2n + 1)$$ th Order Boundary Value Problems with Transmission Conditions
Authors: Lin Qiuhong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper deals with some boundary value problems generated by$$(2n + 1)$$(2n+1)th order differential equation with transmission conditions. After showing that these problems generate self-adjoint operators and the eigenvalues of the problems are real, we introduce the continuous dependence and differentiable dependence of eigenvalues on parameters: coefficient functions and weight function, boundary conditions, transmission conditions, as well as the endpoints and transmission points. In addition, we obtain the differential expressions of all given parameters respectively.
Investor choices in luxurious hotels in the era of COVID-19: an analytical approach to the case of Crete
Authors: Asmargiannakis P. , Galariotis E. , Zopounidis C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe goal of this research is to identify the investment preferences of top managers and owners of four- and five-star hotels and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their investment planning. The study examines various factors, including the individual characteristics of executives (such as gender, age group, education level, and position held in the hotel unit), and their perceptions of the pandemic’s effects on their investment planning. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to capture the pandemic’s impact on investment options, planning, and spending for luxury hotels. The study first conducted a structured questionnaire survey to record investment priorities under two distinct scenarios: one prior to the pandemic and another after the pandemic’s spread and containment measures. Statistical tests were then used to compare the results between the two periods, revealing clear differences in investment choices among top executives and owners. Chi-square tests were also employed to examine the impact of individual characteristics on executives’ perceptions of the pandemic’s impact on their investment planning and their willingness to limit investment spending. Ordinal regressions were used to explore association further. The findings show that participants’ age group was associated with their perception of the pandemic’s negative impact on investment planning and their willingness to limit investment spending. Participants’ position in the hotel unit partially explained their willingness to reduce investment resources during the pandemic. Therefore, the research highlights that the age of higher management in luxury hotels impacts the business's ability to adapt to the post-COVID-19 environment. The results also suggest that policy makers' public measures aimed at enhancing executives’ willingness to invest during difficult periods should consider these factors.
A Drop in the Ocean: How Priors Anchor Attitudes Toward the American Carceral State
Authors: Anoll Allison P. , Engelhardt Andrew M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThat black and white Americans disagree about the carceral state is well established; why this is the case is much less clear. Drawing on group hierarchy theory and the state's role in perpetuating group subordination/domination, we theorize that differences in socialization and contact during emergent adulthood produce divergent priors for racial groups and gender subgroups within race. These different starting points shape how people integrate new information from recent contact into their belief systems. Using a survey of over 11,000 respondents, we find that, instead of all groups integrating information the same way, recent direct contact contributes most to negative attitudes among groups whose contact with government agents is least negatively valenced. While interactions with the American carceral state divide opinions considerably among white Americans and women, adulthood contact for black Americans, especially black men, appears to be but ‘a drop in the ocean’ of political life.
Trichurid nematodes from South American Camelid: an approach to native assemblages through the parasitology of archaeological sites
Authors: Fugassa M.H. , Cafrune M.M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo gain insights into the trichurid diversity in pre-Hispanic remains of South American camelids (SACs), as well as into modern SAC populations, a bibliographic search was carried out to find parasitological studies. Results showed that a total of 17 studies were performed at archaeological and paleontological sites, in which a total of 213 samples were examined. The sample set was used as the unit of analysis, and 83% of 52 pre-Hispanic sample sets were positive for parasites. Parasitological studies confirmed the pre-Hispanic presence of diverse trichurids: twoTrichurisspecies and capillariid eggs with morphological differences that allowed them to be assigned to three different species. Currently, the richness of the native trichurid assemblages in SACs has been extended by the inclusion of two species (Trichurissp. 2 and Capillariinae gen. sp. 1). ModernT. tenuisChandler, 1930, considered SAC-specific, would have invaded SAC populations during the European colonization. The estimate of regional and temporal trichurid prevalence and paleoecological information allowed us to propose a possible origin for some of them. Although the present analysis is exploratory, it should stimulate future studies about the biogeographic history of SAC helminths, provide relevant information to improve descriptions of the Holocene ecology, and identify threatened helminths.
New sea spider species (Pycnogonida: Austrodecidae) from a submarine cave in Japan
Authors: Kakui Keiichi , Fujita Yoshihisa 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We describe a new sea spider species, Pantopipetta hosodai sp. nov., based on one juvenile female collected from a submarine cave (‘Akumanoyakata’ Cave) in Shimojijima Island, Miyako Island Group, Ryukyu Islands, southwestern Japan. It was collected from the second slope zone of the cave, 80–100 m from the entrance, no light, low salinity and with rocky substrate. This is the first record globally of a Pantopipetta species from a submarine cave and anchialine environment. Pantopipetta hosodai sp. nov. resembles Pantopipetta auxiliata, Pantopipetta lenis and Pantopipetta oculata in having auxiliary claws, but differs from them in having a palp with three short distal articles, lateral processes without dorsodistal tubercles, coxae 1 and 3 of legs 1–3 each with one long dorsal tubercle and one dorsodistal tubercle bearing a seta on each femur. Features of the palp appear to delineate two species groups in Pantopipetta, i.e. (1) those having four small distal articles, and a small, basal palp article between the lateral cephalon process and longest palp article (eight-articulate palp) and (2) those having three small distal articles, and lacking the small basal article (six-articulate palp), but further detail examination of the described species is needed. We discuss the diagnostic characters separating Pantopipetta and Austrodecus and the generic affiliation of Austrodecus aconae. Few pycnogonids from marine or anchialine caves have been identified to species, and it is generally unknown whether cave-dwelling pycnogonids tend to be troglobites.
Status of vertebrate species in Danial Cave, northern Iran
Authors: Ghelich Khani Pouria , Qashqaei Ali T. , Kolkert Heidi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCave biodiversity and ecosystems are underexplored. To guide conservation needs for visitor management, we surveyed the 2,158 m long Danial Cave in northern Iran for vertebrate fauna. We identified four mammalian and two amphibian species in the cave: the greater horseshoe bat Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, Blasius's horseshoe bat Rhinolophus blasii, the lesser mouse-eared myotis Myotis blythii, the Hyrcanian field mouse Apodemus hyrcanicus, the Hyrcanian wood frog Rana pseudodalmatina and the Eurasian marsh frog Pelophylax ridibundus. Considering the increasing tourism pressures at Danial Cave, information on cave fauna is imperative for the conservation management of unique and endemic cave species.
Toward an economic theory of customary measurement
Authors: Whitman Glen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe article proposes an economic theory of customary measurement systems. The form of such systems is driven by two transaction-cost factors: minimising costs of implementation, and coordinating on shared standards. These factors combine to yield seven principles of customary measurement, supported with illustrative examples from the traditional Anglo-American, Egyptian, Greek, Roman, Chinese, and Indian measurement systems. The theory illuminates various confounding features of such systems, including ubiquitous binary patterns, frequent appearance of duodecimal ratios, and persistence of trade-specific measures.
A modified Jerusalem microstrip filter and its complementary for low phase noise X-band oscillator
Authors: Nimehvari Varcheh Hamed , Rezaei Pejman , Kiani Sina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article shows the design of two different low phase noise (LPN) planar X-band frequency oscillators using two various microstrip filters (MFs). These two MFs act as a frequency stabilization part in the loop of the microwave oscillator. The first one, the modified Jerusalem MF (MJ-MF), is based on the Jerusalem scheme. The second one, the complementary modified Jerusalem MF (CMJ-MF), is complementary of the MJ-MF. Finally, by employing the branchline coupler, the LPN MF oscillator is achieved. The MJ-MF (narrowband filter) LPN X-band oscillator operates at 8.17 GHz and denotes a phase noise (PN) of −161 dBc/Hz at 1-MHz frequency offset. The CMJ-MF (wideband filter) LPN X-band oscillator operates at 8.14 GHz and mentions a PN of −157 dBc/Hz at 1-MHz frequency offset.
Subseasonal Predictions of Polar Low Activity Using a Hybrid Statistical‐Dynamical Approach
Authors: Boyd Kevin , Wang Zhuo , Walsh John , Stoll Patrick 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe subseasonal prediction of polar low (PL) activity is explored using a hybrid statistical‐dynamical approach. A previously developed PL genesis potential index is paired with ECMWF reforecasts and forecasts to predict regional statistics of PL activity across the sub‐Arctic. Regional PL activity is skillfully predicted in all regions at forecast ranges of up to a month. Additionally, the predictability limit of this hybrid framework (estimated using reanalysis data) is found to be highest over the Nordic Seas, Irminger Sea, Labrador Sea, and Bering Sea. We find that climate modes can strongly influence subseasonal prediction skill and are a potential source of predictability. Overall, our results highlight a promising prospect for the subseasonal prediction of PL activity.
Vertical Structure of Clouds and Precipitation During Arctic Cold‐Air Outbreaks and Warm‐Air Intrusions: Observations From COMBLE
Authors: Lackner Christian P. , Geerts Bart , Juliano Timothy W. , Xue Lulin , Kosovic Branko 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Arctic is marked by deep intrusions of warm, moist air, alternating with outbreaks of cold air down to lower latitudes. The typical vertical structure of clouds and precipitation during these two synoptic weather extremes is examined at a coastal site at 69°N in Norway. The Norwegian Sea is a corridor for warm‐air intrusions (WAIs) and frequently witnesses cold‐air outbreaks (CAOs). This study uses data from profiling radar, lidar, and microwave radiometer, radiosondes and other probes that were collected during the CAOs in the Marine Boundary Layer Experiment (COMBLE) between 1 December 2019 and 31 May 2020. Marine CAOs are defined in terms of thermal instability relative to the sea surface temperature, and WAIs in terms of equivalent potential temperature stratification between the surface and 850 hPa. Cloud structures in CAOs are convective, driven by strong surface heat fluxes over a long fetch of open water, with cloud tops rarely exceeding 6 km above sea level. The mostly open‐cellular convection produces intermittent moderately‐heavy precipitation at the observational site, notwithstanding the low precipitable water vapor (PWV). In contrast, WAIs are marked by high values of PWV and integrated vapor transport. WAI clouds are synoptically driven, stratiform, with cloud tops often exceeding 5 km, sometimes layered, and generally producing persistent precipitation that can be heavier than in CAOs.