bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrical detection of RNA cancer biomarkers at the single-molecule level
Authors: Pattiya Arachchillage Keshani G. Gunasinghe , Chandra Subrata , Williams Ajoke , Piscitelli Patrick , Pham Jennifer , Castillo Aderlyn , Florence Lily , Rangan Srijith , Artes Vivancos Juan M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCancer is a significant healthcare issue, and early screening methods based on biomarker analysis in liquid biopsies are promising avenues to reduce mortality rates. Electrical detection of nucleic acids at the single molecule level could enable these applications. We examine the electrical detection of RNA cancer biomarkers (KRAS mutants G12C and G12V) as a single-molecule proof-of-concept electrical biosensor for cancer screening applications. We show that the electrical conductance is highly sensitive to the sequence, allowing discrimination of the mutants from a wild-type KRAS sequence differing in just one base. In addition to this high specificity, our results also show that these biosensors are sensitive down to an individual molecule with a high signal-to-noise ratio. These results pave the way for future miniaturized single-molecule electrical biosensors that could be groundbreaking for cancer screening and other applications.
Influence of different infill materials on the performance of geocell-reinforced cohesive soil beds
Authors: Zhao Yang , Lu Zheng , Liu Jie , Zhang Jingbo , Yao Hailin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a comprehensive study on the numerical and parametric study of geocell-reinforced cohesive soil beds, focusing on different infill materials. The numerical calculations were validated against model test results using FLAC3Dsoftware. Subsequently, the verified model was expanded to the geocell-reinforced cohesive soil beds. Six cases were simulated to investigate the reinforced performance, including pressure-settlement responses, bearing capacity improvement factor, settlement reduction percentage, and surface deformation. The numerical findings emphasize that the significance of superior geocell reinforcement should not overshadow the consideration of soil infill’s mechanical properties. In the case of cohesive soil as the infill material, the poor improvement in geocell-reinforced performance may be attributed to its low modulus and cohesion. Parametric studies suggest that geocells significantly impact reinforced performance when the infill material consists of foundation soil with a higher modulus and lower cohesion. Further, according to this numerical study, cohesionless soil with a modulus of 20 MPa and friction of 40° is the optimum infill soil in pockets to reinforce cohesive soil beds.
Size at birth predicts later brain volumes
Authors: Nivins Samson , Kennedy Eleanor , McKinlay Christopher , Thompson Benjamin , Harding Jane E. ,   Children with HYpoglycemia and Their Later Development (CHYLD) Study Team,   Steering group, Alsweiler Jane , Brown Gavin , Gamble Gregory , Wouldes Trecia , Keegan Peter , Harris Deborah , Chase Geoffrey ,   Other members of the CHYLD Mid-childhood Outcome Study team, Turuwhenua Jason , Rogers Jenny , Shah Rajesh , Dai Darren , Ledger Jocelyn , Macdonald Stephanie , McNeill Alecia , Bevan Coila , Burakevych Nataliia , May Robin , Hossin Safayet , McKnight Grace , Hasan Rashedul , Wilson Jessica , Knopp Jennifer , Chakraborty Arijit , Zhou Tony , Miller Steven 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe aimed to investigate whether gestation at birth, birth weight, and head circumference at birth are still associated with brain volume and white matter microstructure at 9–10 years in children born late-preterm and at term. One hundred and eleven children born at ≥ 36 weeks gestation from the CHYLD Study cohort underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging at 9 to 10 years. Images were analysed using FreeSurfer for volumetric data and tract-based spatial statistics for diffusion data. Of the cohort, 101 children were included for volumetric analysis [boys, 49(49%); median age, 9.5 (range: 8.9–12.4) years]. Shorter gestation at birth, lower birthweight, and smaller birth head circumference were associated with smaller brain volumes at 9 to 10 years, both globally and regionally. Amongst the perinatal factors studied, head circumference at birth was the strongest predictor of later brain volumes. Gestation at birth and absolute birthweight were not associated with diffusion metrics of white matter skeleton. However, lower birthweight z-score was associated with higher fractional anisotropy and lower radial diffusivity. Our findings suggest that even in children born late preterm and at term, growth before birth and timing of birth are still associated with brain development in mid-childhood.
A high‐efficient information extraction mechanism based on complex convolution for wireless signal recognition
Authors: Yang Ying , Zhu Lidong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn the integration of terrestrial and non‐terrestrial networks, massive access to wireless signals poses a significant threat to communication systems. However, existing signal recognition models cannot accurately identify signals with low signal‐to‐noise ratios (SNRs). To alleviate this issue, this paper proposes a high‐efficient information extraction mechanism based on complex convolution. Specifically, complex convolution and complex max‐pooling operations have been integrated into a real‐value network to efficiently acquire anti‐noise information. The extracted features contain both in‐phase and quadrature (IQ) structure information and complex relationship information. Experiments on the public RML2016.04C dataset indicated that the model exhibits rapid convergence and superior noise‐robustness under low SNRs. When SNR =0 dB, the model outperforms the suboptimal model by 4.05%. Furthermore, our model demonstrates excellent generalization performance at high SNRs.
DenseGCN: A multi‐level and multi‐temporal graph convolutional network for action recognition
Authors: Yu Chengzhang , Bao Wenxia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWith the exponential growth of video data, action recognition has become an increasingly important area of study. Despite various advancements, achieving a balance between detection accuracy and lightness remains a formidable challenge, primarily due to the complexity of existing action recognition models. To address this issue, DenseGCN is developed, a lightweight network designed to optimize accuracy and efficiency. The aim was to create a detection model that has high accuracy while remaining lightweight for real‐world applications. DenseGCN operates via a unique three‐level feature fusion system. The initial stage involves the Multi‐level Fusion Network (MlFN), which contains dense connections and a Spatial‐Temporal Fusion Attention module (STF‐Att), designed to eliminate bias in feature extraction caused by deep networks. In the next stage, RefineBone tackles optimization issues in low‐dimensional feature layers by leveraging high‐dimensional feature layers, thus avoiding gradient stacking. Finally, the Multi‐temporal Fusion Feature Pyramid Network (MF‐FPN) generates a discriminative classification feature map by repetitively combining data from multiple dimensions. This strategy has proven successful in refining the extracted feature, allowing for discriminative feature extraction even with a reduced number of channels. This efficient design not only contributes to further research in developing lightweight networks but also offers enhanced possibilities for real‐world implementations. In two large‐scale datasets, NTU RGB+D 60 and 120, DenseGCN outperformed other state‐of‐the‐art methods, achieving an accuracy of 92.7% on the X‐View benchmark of the NTU RGB+D 60 dataset. The DenseGCN is 10.2 × faster and 10 × smaller than the spatial temporal graph attention network (STGAT) proposed in 2022 while retaining very competitive accuracy. The findings suggest that this model significantly improves the quality of feature extraction. As a result, DenseGCN presents a remarkable balance between accuracy and lightness.
Broyden's method assisted differential evolution (BMADE) based selective harmonic elimination in a cascaded H‐bridge multilevel inverter
Authors: Ahsan Mohd , Ahmad Shafiq , Sarwar Adil , Tariq Mohd , Bakhsh Farhad Ilahi , Mohamed Adamali Shah Noor , Ahmed Hafiz 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper implements Broyden's Method Assisted Differential Evolution (BMADE) algorithm for eliminating third and fifth harmonics in the output voltage of 7‐level cascaded H‐Bridge multilevel inverter (CHB‐MLI) using selective harmonic elimination technique. Calculations of switching angles are done for various modulation index values (M). Initial guess for Broyden's method is calculated by Differential Evolution (DE). Exact value of switching angles is then calculated by Broyden's method using initial guess obtained from DE. Code of BMADE algorithm for obtaining the required switching angles is written in MATLAB. Results obtained with BMADE algorithm are compared with various other techniques that is, Genetic Algorithm (GA), DE, and Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA). BMADE is able to successfully eliminate third and fifth order harmonics in the output voltage. Along with removing the desired harmonics, BMADE also provides lower THD than GA, DE, and WOA for certain range of M. The results also showed that BMADE is faster than GA, DE, and WOA as the execution time of BMADE is lesser than GA, DE, and WOA. Moreover, laboratory experiments are used to test the simulation's findings. The experimental results support the simulation results.
An analogous carrier‐based implementation of virtual space vector modulation with low common‐mode voltage and neutral‐point voltage oscillation elimination for three‐level NPC inverter
Authors: Liu Zhuoxun , Xu Xiangguo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBalancing control of neutral‐point voltage (NPV) and reducing common‐mode voltage (CMV) are crucial for a three‐level neutral‐point‐clamped (NPC) inverter. NPV oscillation can be inhibited by constructing virtual vectors and adding adjustment factors to eliminate stochastic disturbances that cause unbalanced NPV. However, the adjustment factors significantly increase computational complexity and introduce a dynamic sector split instead of the traditional static one. Moreover, constructing virtual vectors prompts a considerable rise in CMV. Therefore, this paper proposes a virtual space vector modulation strategy for the NPC inverter that eliminates NPV oscillation and reduces CMV. The study applies the idea of carrier‐based modulation (CBM), which reduces calculation time caused by the novel strategy of adding adjustment factors. A method to determine the maximum adjustment voltage is designed to evaluate NPV regulation ability, which is analysed. The novel method and the basic VSVM are theoretically compared, and it is proved that the novel method has better NPV regulation capability than the basic VSVM under high modulation ratio and high power factors, such as in motors systems.
Les « chemins fonciers » de l’agrobusiness dans le delta du Sénégal
Authors: Hertzog-Adamczewski Amandine , Lavigne Delville Philippe , Diop Oumar 
Published: August 2023

Bien que l’État sénégalais considère que la législation foncière actuelle constitue un frein au développement de l’agrobusiness, de nombreux projets agro-industriels se sont installés dans le delta du fleuve Sénégal, en particulier depuis les années 2000. À partir de l’analyse détaillée de 15 cas, l’article montre que, au-delà de leur diversité, leurs chemins d’accès au foncier suivent trois grandes voies, en fonction de l’institution qui accorde les terres. Au Sénégal, les communes sont les principales instances d’attribution de terres et la majorité des investisseurs préfèrent la négociation locale à l’attribution de terres par l’État. Ouvrir la boîte noire des pratiques effectives et des « chemins fonciers » réellement suivis éclaire le débat sur la régulation de l’accès à la terre irriguée au Sénégal et, plus largement, sur les façons dont les entrepreneurs agricoles négocient et légalisent cet accès à la terre, ainsi que sur le rôle du cadre légal et institutionnel et des autorités locales.
Usability Evaluation of a Community Pharmacy Health Information Exchange Interface Prototype
Authors: Hettinger Katelyn N. , Snyder Margie E. , Adeoye-Olatunde Omolola A. , Russ-Jara Alissa L. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective Few community pharmacies have access to health information exchange (HIE) data. We conducted a first-of-its-kind usability evaluation of an HIE interface prototype (referred to throughout as the “HIE-Pioneer mock-up”) developed with pharmacists and pharmacy technicians to aid future implementation in community pharmacies.
Methods Community pharmacists and pharmacy technicians were recruited to complete usability evaluations with the HIE-Pioneer mock-up. Each usability evaluation lasted up to 60 minutes. System usability scale (SUS) scores were collected from each participant following each usability evaluation session and summarized with descriptive statistics. Usability evaluation videos were reviewed for common usability attributes, such as the impact of identified usability problems, learnability, and efficiency. Time on task, task success rates, and prototype utilization were also recorded.
Results Sixteen total participants completed usability testing across three community pharmacies. The average SUS score was 69.7 (scale 0–100, where 100 is the best), with pharmacists on average reporting higher satisfaction than technicians (74.1 vs. 65.3, respectively). Altogether, we identified 23 distinct usability problems. Key problems identified included needed clarification in tool label names and accessibility of HIE links within the existing workflow. Overall, the usability of the HIE-Pioneer mock-up generally fostered pharmacy professionals' ease of learning and efficiency.
Conclusion Our study identified key areas, and potential solutions, to improve the usability of the HIE-Pioneer mock-up. Overall, pharmacy professionals viewed the HIE-Pioneer mock-up positively, with good satisfaction ratings. The HIE-Pioneer mock-up provides a blueprint for future HIE implementation in community pharmacy settings, which would increase community pharmacy teams' access to HIE data nationwide. Community pharmacy access to bi-directional HIE is expected to improve communication among more health care professionals involved in patient care and equip pharmacy professionals with needed information for improved clinical decision-making.
Relationship between carcase traits of Bos taurus genotypes and ultrasound measurements across six stages of growth from weaning through to long-feedlot finishing
Authors: Alvarenga Tharcilla I. R. C. , Almeida Amelia K. , McPhee Malcolm , Siddell Jason P. , Walmsley Brad , Greenwood Paul L. , Wolcott Matt L. 
Published: July 2023

Context Identification earlier in life of beef cattle with capacity for increased marbling, improved carcase yield and/or reduced subcutaneous fatness can facilitate more rapid genetic improvement and identification of cattle more appropriate for feedlot or pasture finishing. Earlier in life, ultrasound predictions have potential for significant improvements in compliance with market specifications and overall efficiency of beef production systems. Aims To assess the relationships just prior to slaughter and earlier in life between measurements of intramuscular fat, subcutaneous fat and eye-muscle (Longissimus thoracis et lumborum) cross-sectional area made using ultrasound, and carcase fatness, muscling and yield measurements following slaughter of Bos taurus steers that differed genetically in potential for subcutaneous fatness and marbling. Methods Ultrasound measurements of intramuscular fat (IMF), rib fat (RFT), P8 rump fat (P8FAT), eye-muscle area (EMA) and retail beef yield (RBY) of cattle heterogeneous for marbling and fat distribution were made at six stages of growth from weaning to long-feedlotting. Carcase measurements of the same traits were made at five stages of growth from weaning through to long-feedlotting. Key results IMF ultrasound scans 168 days post-weaning were more strongly correlated (r ≤ 0.79) with marbling in the carcase following long-feedlotting than were IMF ultrasound scans at the end of backgrounding (r ≤ 0.71, 326 days post-weaning), short-feedlotting (r ≤ 0.69, 431 days) and during (r ≤ 0.59, 521 days) and at the end of long-feedlotting (r ≤ 0.53, 585 days). P8FAT was the trait with the highest and most consistent accuracy across all stages of life (r = 0.80) between ultrasound and carcase measurements of P8FAT. Conclusions The results of the present study showed that ultrasound-scanned measures of carcase IMF, subcutaneous fat and EMA can be used to predict carcase characteristics with good accuracy earlier in life. Implications The finding that prediction of marbling in the carcase of long-feedlot-fed cattle was stronger by using ultrasound measurement of IMF in younger post-weaned cattle than in older post-weaned cattle warrants further investigation for genetic improvement and management applications, including using newer scanning technologies.
A framework based on the information domain to measure coupling changes in electrophysiological signals
Authors: Singh Kirti , Saini Indu , Sood Neetu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objectives. In this paper, the features of physiological signals of healthy dataset are extracted using the linear and non-linear techniques, and a comparison has been made on healthy young and old subjects to study the aging and gender-related changes in the contribution of Heart Rate (HR), Blood Pressure (BP), and Respiration (RESP). Methods. To quantify the coupling changes in cardiovascular, cardiorespiratory, and vasculorespiratory complexity, an information domain approach based on compensated transfer entropy (cTE) is proposed. Result. The results show that there is a substantial decrease in the flow of information from BP tro the time interval between successive R-peaks (RR) and from RR to BP. There is also a significant decrease in the flow of information from RESP to BP and RESP to RR but there is no significant change in the information flow from BP to RESP and RR to RESP. Conclusion. We have done linear and non-linear analysis on the healthy datasets of young and old subjects. As already existed techniques lacks in studying complex behaviours of electrophysiological signals so to overcome these limitations, we have proposed compensated transfer entropy (cTE). We conducted an investigation to determine the degree to which recordings of RESP, BP, and HR can be utilized to predict changes in the other parameters. Specifically, the proposed analysis examined the relationship between these variables and assessed their consistency across different age groups and genders. By analyzing the data, we aimed to gain insights into the interdependencies and predictive potential of these physiological measures in relation to each other.
Investigating the human and nonobese diabetic mouse MHC class II immunopeptidome using protein language modeling
Authors: Hartout Philip , Počuča Bojana , Méndez-García Celia , Schleberger Christian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Motivation
Identifying peptides associated with the major histocompability complex class II (MHCII) is a central task in the evaluation of the immunoregulatory function of therapeutics and drug prototypes. MHCII-peptide presentation prediction has multiple biopharmaceutical applications, including the safety assessment of biologics and engineered derivatives in silico, or the fast progression of antigen-specific immunomodulatory drug discovery programs in immune disease and cancer. This has resulted in the collection of large-scale datasets on adaptive immune receptor antigenic responses and MHC-associated peptide proteomics. In parallel, recent deep learning algorithmic advances in protein language modeling have shown potential in leveraging large collections of sequence data and improve MHC presentation prediction.

Results
Here, we train a compact transformer model (AEGIS) on human and mouse MHCII immunopeptidome data, including a preclinical murine model, and evaluate its performance on the peptide presentation prediction task. We show that the transformer performs on par with existing deep learning algorithms and that combining datasets from multiple organisms increases model performance. We trained variants of the model with and without MHCII information. In both alternatives, the inclusion of peptides presented by the I-Ag7 MHC class II molecule expressed by nonobese diabetic mice enabled for the first time the accurate in silico prediction of presented peptides in a preclinical type 1 diabetes model organism, which has promising therapeutic applications.

Availability and implementation
The source code is available at https://github.com/Novartis/AEGIS.
Normal reference values for mitral annular plane systolic excursion by motion-mode and speckle tracking echocardiography: a prospective, multicentre, population-based study
Authors: Wang Yong-Huai , Sun Lu , Li Shi-Wen , Wang Chun-Feng , Pan Xiao-Fang , Liu Ying , Wu Jun , Guan Xiang-Ping , Zhang Su-Li , Dun Guo-Liang , Liu Yi-Lin , Wang Li-Yan , Cui Lei , Liu Yan , Lai Yu-Qiong , Ding Ming-Yan , Lu Gui-Lin , Tan Jing , Yang Xin-Jian , Li Yi-Hong , Zhang Xin-Tong , Fan Miao , Yu Jia-Hui , Zheng Qiao-Jin , Ma Chun-Yan , Ren Wei-Dong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Aims
Mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE) is a simple and reliable index for evaluating left ventricular (LV) systolic function, particularly in patients with poor image quality; however, the lack of reference values limits its widespread use. This study aimed to establish the normal ranges for MAPSE measured using motion-mode (M-mode) and two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) and to explore its principal determinants.

Methods and results
This multicentre, prospective, cross-sectional study included 1952 healthy participants [840 men (43%); age range, 18–80 years] from 55 centres. MAPSE was measured using M-mode echocardiography and 2D-STE. The results showed that women had a higher MAPSE than men and MAPSE decreased with age. The age- and sex-specific reference values for MAPSE were established for these two methods. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that MAPSE on M-mode echocardiography correlated with age and MAPSE on 2D-STE with age, blood pressure (BP), heart rate, and LV volume. Moreover, MAPSE measured by 2D-STE correlated more strongly with global longitudinal strain compared with that measured using M-mode echocardiography.

Conclusion
Normal MAPSE reference values were established based on age and sex. BP, heart rate, and LV volume are potential factors that influence MAPSE and should be considered in clinical practice. Normal values are useful for evaluating LV longitudinal systolic function, especially in patients with poor image quality, and may further facilitate the use of MAPSE in routine assessments.