bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do pregnant African women exercise? A meta-analysis
Authors: Geda Yohannes Fikadu , Mohammed Seid Jemal , Berhe Tamirat Melis , Chibsa Samuel Ejeta , Sahle Tadesse , Lamiso Yirgalem Yosef , Mossa Kenzudin Assfa , Gesese Molalegn Mesele 
Published: September 2023

Introduction
Antenatal exercise can reduce gestational weight gain, backache; pregnancy induced medical disorders, caesarean section rates, and improves pregnancy outcomes. American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG) recommends prenatal exercise, which is associated with minimal risk and has been shown to be beneficial for pregnancy outcomes, although some exercise routines may need to be modified. Consequently, this meta-analysis is intended to verify the pooled practice of antenatal exercise in Africa using available primary articles.

Methods
Genuine search of the research articles was done via PubMed, Scopes, Cochrane library, the Web of Science; free Google databases search engines, Google Scholar, and Science Direct databases. Published and unpublished articles were searched and screened for inclusion in the final analysis and Studies without sound methodologies, and review and meta-analysis were not included in this analysis. The Newcastle–Ottawa scale was used to assess the risk of bias. If heterogeneity exceeded 40%, the random effect method was used; otherwise, the fixed-effect method was used. Meta-analysis was conducted using STATA version 14.0 software. Publication bias was checked by funnel plot and Egger test.

Results
This review analyzed data from 2880 women on antenatal care contact from different primary studies. The overall pooled effect estimate of antenatal exercise in Africa was 34.50(32.63–36.37). In the subgroup analysis for pooled antenatal exercise practice by country, it was 34.24 (31.41–37.08) in Ethiopia and 37.64(34.63–40.65) in Nigeria.

Conclusion
The overall pooled effect estimate of antenatal exercise in Africa was low compared to other continent. As it was recommended by ACOG antenatal exercise to every patient in the absence of contraindications, it should be encouraged by professionals providing antenatal care service.
Emerging trends for urban freight transport–The potential for sustainable micromobility
Authors: Rześny-Cieplińska Jagienka , Tomaszewski Tomasz , Piecyk-Ouellet Maja , Kiba-Janiak Maja 
Published: September 2023

Aim
Active transportation referring to non-motorized modes of transport is promoted and popularized both in practice and in the scientific literature, while their use for urban freight transport has been largely neglected. Thus the main scope of the paper is to indicate the development potential of micromobility use in urban freight transport and to check its influence on urban sustainability.

Methods
The authors have hypothesized that active means of transport, with a focus on micromobility, have great development potential in freight transportation in cities. The implemented methods for analyzing the relationship between users’ characteristics, micromobility, and its impact on urban sustainable development, were logit and probit modelling. The authors’ system includes an analysis of factors connected with the topics of sustainability and micromobilty, that have met an essential scientific gap that this paper addresses.
Logistic (logit) regression is used mainly for binary, ordinal, and multi-level outcomes to find the probability of success (i.e. occurrence of some event). Probit regression, however, is primarily used in binary response models and assumes the normal distribution of data.

Results
The main finding of the article has led the authors to the statement that active means of transport, including micromobility have great development potential in freight transportation in cities.

Conclusions
Knowledge of the acceptance of micromobility solutions is essential for municipal authorities in shaping the development of urban transport systems. Thus proper strategies and actions need to be prioritized to leverage the sustainability-related co-benefits of active transport.
Efficacy of antibiotic and iodoform pastes in non-instrumental endodontic treatment of anterior primary teeth—Protocol for a randomized controlled clinical
Authors: Sobral Ana Paula Taboada , Santos Elaine Marcilio , Leal Gonçalves Marcela Leticia , Ferri Elza Padilha , Junior Willians Santos Baracho , Gimenez Thais , Gallo Juliana Maria Altavista Sagretti , Horliana Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestini , Motta Lara Jansiski , Kalil Bussadori Sandra 
Published: September 2023

The maintenance of the deciduous tooth until its physiological exfoliation occurs is one of the main objectives of pediatric dentistry. Endodontic treatment in deciduous teeth resulting from carious or traumatic lesions with pulpal involvement is often necessary and we often find it difficult to perform it, due to the difficult control of the child, the internal anatomy of the root canals, and root resorptions. The non-instrumental endodontic treatment technique (NIET) associated with antimicrobial drugs has advantages such as shorter chair time and less complexity than the conventional technique in which root canal instrumentation is performed. The aim of this study is to carry out a controlled and randomized clinical trial to compare the effectiveness of (NIET) in primary teeth associated with the use of two obturator pastes. One hundred and twenty necrotic deciduous teeth of children aged between 3 and 6 years will be selected; and the teeth will be divided into two groups. In Group 1 and Group 2, root canals will not be instrumented, just irrigated and filled with the respective pastes, antibiotic (CTZ) and iodoform (Guedes-Pinto). Presence of fistula and mobility will be clinically evaluated. The evaluations will be carried out in both groups on the day of treatment and in periods of 1, 3 and 6 months after treatment. For the main outcome, the tooth will be the unit of analysis and the Kaplan-Meier test will be performed to estimate the survival rates of the included teeth. For comparison between the two groups, Student’s t test or Mann-Whitney test will be performed, depending on the normality of the data. In addition, Poisson regression analyzes will be carried out, in order to allow the evaluation of the influence of some variables on the results. For all analyses, the significance value will be adjusted to 5%.
Trial registration: NCT04587089 in ClinicalTrials.gov. Approval date: May 15, 2023.
Risk factors for mortality among lung cancer patients with covid-19 infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wu Mingyue , Liu Siru , Wang Changyu , Wu Yuxuan , Liu Jialin 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundLung cancer patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection experience high mortality rates. The study aims to determine the risk factors for mortality in lung cancer patients with COVID-19 infection.Materials and methodsFollowed the PRISMA reporting guidelines, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched to February 20, 2023, for studies of lung cancer patients with COVID-19 infection. The main outcome of interest was the risk factor for mortality. We also compared the mortality rate of those patients among different continents. A pooled risk ratio (RR) with 95% CI was presented as the result of this meta-analysis.ResultsMeta-analysis of 33 studies involving 5018 patients showed that pooled mortality rate of lung cancer in COVID-19 patients was 0.31 (95% CI: 0.25–0.36). Subgroup analysis based on the continents showed significant difference of the mortality rate was observed between Asia and the rest of world (χ2= 98.96,P< 0.01). Older age (SMD: 0.24, 95% CI: 0.09–0.40,P< 0.01), advanced lung cancer (RR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.04–1.26,P< 0.01), coexisting comorbidities such as hypertension (RR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.01–1.35,P= 0.04) and cardiovascular disease (RR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.03–1.91,P= 0.03) were associated with higher risk of mortality rate in those patients.ConclusionsFindings of this meta-analysis confirms an increased risk of mortality in lung cancer patients with COVID-19 infection, whose risk factors for these patients appear to be exacerbated by older age, advanced-stage lung cancer, and comorbidities such as hypertension and cardiovascular disease.
Utilization of family planning and associated factors among women with disabilities in ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Demisse Tesfanesh Lemma , Silesh Mulualem , Taye Birhan Tsegaw , Moltot Tebabere , Chekole Moges Sisay , Ayalew Maritu 
Published: September 2023

Background
Persons with disabilities have a right to make their own choices about their bodies, health, and lives, especially regarding their sexual and reproductive health. But they may experience more challenges than women without disabilities in having their reproductive health needs met. So there is an urgent need to scale up disability inclusion in all levels of the health system including family planning. Therefore, the objective of this study was to estimate the pooled prevalence of Family Planning Utilization and Associated Factors among Women with Disabilities in Ethiopia.

Methodology
Studies were gathered from Pub Med/MEDLINE (681), Google Scholar (426), African Journal of Online (AJOL) (36), CINAHL (211), HINARI (191), Scopus (86), Science Direct (62), Excerpta Medica database (EMBA, SE) (113), DOAJ (38), Web of Science (26), Google (271), and other organization’s websites (2) using a combination of search terms and Boolean operators. The modified Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) for cross-sectional research was used by three authors to independently assess the quality of each study. For statistical analysis, STATATM Version 11 software was employed. For the meta-analysis, the random-effects (Der Simonian and Laird) technique was applied. The heterogeneity test was performed using I-squared (I2) statistics. A one-out sensitivity analysis was performed.

Result
A total of 7 articles with 2787 participants were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of family planning utilization among Women with Disabilities was 29.6% (95% CI: 22.3, 36.8); I2 = 94.6%). Women who were in marital union (p<0.001) and who had a discussion with their husbands (p = 0.007) were factors significantly associated with the utilization of family planning among women with disabilities.

Conclusion
The finding of this study showed that utilization of family planning among women with disability is relatively lower than the Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey 2019. Therefore, the discussions with the partner and their engagement in decisions to use family planning are critical to increase its use.
Longitudinal, prospective study of head impacts in male high school football players
Authors: McAlister Kelsey L. , Mack Wendy J. , Bir Cynthia , Baron David A. , Som Christine , Li Karen , Chavarria-Garcia Anthony , Sawardekar Siddhant , Baron David , Toth Zachary , Allem Courtney , Beatty Nicholas , Nakayama Junko , Kelln Ryan , Zaslow Tracy , Bansal Ravi , Peterson Bradley S. 
Published: September 2023

Introduction
Repetitive, subconcussive events may adversely affect the brain and cognition during sensitive periods of development. Prevention of neurocognitive consequences of concussion in high school football is therefore an important public health priority. We aimed to identify the player positions and demographic, behavioral, cognitive, and impact characteristics that predict the frequency and acceleration of head impacts in high school football players.

Methods
In this prospective study, three cohorts of adolescent male athletes (N = 53, 28.3% Hispanic) were recruited over three successive seasons in a high school American football program. Demographic and cognitive functioning were assessed at baseline prior to participating in football. Helmet sensors recorded impact frequency and acceleration. Each head impact was captured on film from five different angles. Research staff verified and characterized on-field impacts. Player-level Poisson regressions and year-level and impact-level linear mixed-effect models were used to determine demographic, behavioral, cognitive, and impact characteristics as predictors of impact frequency and acceleration.

Results
4,678 valid impacts were recorded. Impact frequency positively associated with baseline symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity [β(SE) = 1.05 impacts per year per unit of symptom severity (1.00), p = 0.01] and inattentiveness [β(SE) = 1.003 impacts per year per T-score unit (1.001), p = 0.01]. Compared to quarterbacks, the highest acceleration impacts were sustained by kickers/punters [β(SE) = 21.5 g’s higher (7.1), p = 0.002], kick/punt returners [β(SE) = 9.3 g’s higher (4.4), p = 0.03], and defensive backs [β(SE) = 4.9 g’s higher (2.5), p = 0.05]. Impacts were more frequent in the second [β(SE) = 33.4 impacts (14.2), p = 0.02)] and third [β(SE) = 50.9 impacts (20.1), p = 0.01] year of play. Acceleration was highest in top-of-the-head impacts [β(SE) = 4.4 g’s higher (0.8), p<0.001].

Conclusion
Including screening questions for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in pre-participation evaluations can help identify a subset of prospective football players who may be at risk for increased head impacts. Position-specific strategies to modify kickoffs and correct tackling and blocking may also reduce impact burden.
Normalized solutions to the Schrödinger systems with double critical growth and weakly attractive potentials
Authors: Long Lei , Feng Xiaojing 
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we look for solutions to the following critical Schrödinger system

{

−
Δ
u
+
(

V
1

+

λ
1

)
u
=

|

u

|

2
∗

−
2

u
+

|

u

|

p
1

−
2

u
+
β

r
1

|

u

|

r
1

−
2

u

|

v

|

r
2

i
n

R

N

,

−
Δ
v
+
(

V
2

+

λ
2

)
v
=

|

v

|

2
∗

−
2

v
+

|

v

|

p
2

−
2

v
+
β

r
2

|

u

|

r
1

|

v

|

r
2

−
2

v

i
n

R

N

,

having prescribed mass

∫

R

N

u
2

=

a
1

>
0
and

∫

R

N

v
2

=

a
2

>
0
, where

λ
1

,

λ
2

∈

R

will arise as Lagrange multipliers,
N
⩾
3
,

2
∗

=
2
N

/

(
N
−
2
)
is the Sobolev critical exponent,

r
1

,

r
2

>
1
,

p
1

,

p
2

,

r
1

+

r
2

∈
(
2
+
4

/

N
,

2
∗

)
and
β
>
0
is a coupling constant. Under suitable conditions on the potentials

V
1

and

V
2

,

β
∗

>
0
exists such that the above Schrödinger system admits a positive radial normalized solution when
β
⩾

β
∗

. The proof is based on comparison argument and minmax method.
Denominações para “mulato” no Atlas Linguístico de Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Santana Adriana Pereira 
Published: September 2023

Este trabalho analisa, sob as perspectivas léxico-semântica e cultural, as unidades lexicais registradas na Carta QSL 0237.a - mulato. do Atlas Linguístico de Mato Grosso do Sul – ALMS (2007) como denominação das “pessoas que têm a pele pouco escura porque só a mãe ou só o pai é negro”. Para a execução do estudo, foi traçado o seguinte percurso metodológico: definição da fonte e do corpus, seguido da consulta ao ALMS e respectivo levantamento dos dados lexicais cartografados. Na sequência, os dados foram quantificados e organizados para posterior análise sob a ótica da Teoria Lexical e da Antropologia Linguística. O universo de dados catalogados reuniu unidades léxicas como moreno, mestiço, pardo, negro, misto, tostado, bugre, caboclo moreno, morena canela, café com leite, meio branco, preto, mameluco, bugre, totalizando 21 itens lexicais. O registro da forma lexical moreno claro, com 7,81% de ocorrência, por exemplo, indica que o uso de um termo considerado amenizador (moreno) é reforçado por outro (claro), com maior carga suavizadora. Pela análise realizada, depreende-se, que tais unidades, já constituintes do repertório lexical dos falantes sul-mato-grossenses, além de nomearem o tipo humano descrito pela pergunta, passaram a indicar representações sociais, o que desembocou em traços de apropriação cultural. A análise demonstrou aspectos da relação existente entre fatores linguísticos e extralinguísticos, no conjunto vocabular dos informantes sul-mato-grossenses examinado, validando o argumento de que a língua constitui ferramenta dinâmica da cultura local e que a norma linguística, particularmente a lexical, expressa aspectos significativos, relacionados aos valores veiculados pela sociedade.
Legal Writing and Ascertainment of Causation in the Italian Judiciary Process
Authors: Grandi Barbara 
Published: September 2023

There is an ongoing debate about methods of legal writing in Italy, and particularly about requirements the legislator should adopt to make the law as clearer as possible, that is to say, to avoid, as much as it is possible, that the law itself contributes to its own misunderstanding, to its own wrong application by way of permitting diverging interpretations. The practice of giving a list of ‘consideranda’ before the adoption of any normative act expresses a democratic reply to the issue (derived from the European model) for any citizen’s to understand motivations of the legislator directives, beyond the content of directive itself.
Pedagogical implications of translingual practices for content and language integrated learning
Authors: Xie Di , Sun Yachao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This case study explores the pedagogical implications of translingual practices for Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL). The case study examines how a multilingual undergraduate student at a Sino-U.S. joint-venture university in China employs translingual practices to understand, deepen, and broaden her understanding of research content and improve her academic writing with different language resources. Specifically, this study investigated how translingual practices were used and perceived to improve content development and language learning in a CLIL context and discussed how translingual practices could be implemented for CLIL. The results show that translingual practices facilitated content learning by allowing the student to use her full linguistic repertoire and helped her scaffold the understanding of new concepts and vocabulary. In addition, translingual practices enhanced the student’s language learning by exposing her to different linguistic structures, conventions, and vocabulary, and promoting a more inclusive and equitable learning environment. These findings suggest that incorporating translingual practices into educational settings, particularly in CLIL contexts, can lead to more effective and equitable learning outcomes for multilingual students.
Nachvollziehbare Security by Design-Entscheidungen für Automatisierungssysteme mittels funktionsbasierter Diagramme und Security-Bibliotheken
Authors: Fluchs Sarah , Taştan Emre , Trumpf Tobias , Horch Alexander , Drath Rainer , Fay Alexander 
Published: September 2023

Zusammenfassung
„Security by Design“ ist der Begriff für die Verlagerung von Cybersecurity-Überlegungen von den Endnutzern eines Systems auf dessen Planer und Realisierer im Engineering. Um die Last auf den Schultern der Endnutzer zu verringern, müssen Security-Entscheidungen nicht nur während der Entwicklung getroffen werden, sondern auch in einer Weise, die für Dritte nachvollziehbar ist. Planer von industriellen Automatisierungssystemen (ICS) verfügen jedoch in der Regel weder über Security-Expertise noch über Zeit für das Security-Engineering. Die in dieser Arbeit vorgestellte Methode „Security by Design Decisions“ soll sie in die Lage versetzen, Security-Entscheidungen trotzdem selbstständig zu identifizieren, zu treffen und zu begründen. Kernelemente der Methode sind funktionsbasierte Diagramme sowie vordefinierte Bibliotheken mit typischen Funktionen und deren Security-Parametern. Die als Software-Demonstrator implementierte Methode wurde mit HIMA, einem deutschen Spezialisten für sicherheitsgerichtete Automatisierungslösungen, validiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Planer mit ihrer Hilfe Security-Entscheidungen identifizieren, treffen und nachvollziehbar dokumentieren können, die sie sonst nicht (bewusst) getroffen hätten – schnell und mit wenig Security-Expertise. Die Methode ist auch gut geeignet, um weniger erfahrenen Personen Wissen über Security-Entscheidungen zugänglich zu machen. Zusammengefasst können mit der Methode „Security by Design Decisions“ mehr Personen in kürzerer Zeit zur „Security by Design“ eines ICS beitragen.
A general mechanism of humor: reformulating the semantic overlap
Authors: Martínez Javier 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This article proposes a cognitive mechanism of humor of general applicability, not restricted to verbal communication. It is indebted to Raskin’s concept of script overlap, and conforms to the incongruity-resolution theoretical framework, but it is built on the notion of constraint, an evoked correspondence between sets of data. Under this view, script overlap is an outcome of a more abstractly described phenomenon, constraint overlap. The important concept of the overlooked argument is introduced to characterize the two overlapping constraints—overt and covert. Their inputs and outputs are not directly encoded in utterances, but implicated by them, and their overlap results in another overlap at the level of the communicated utterances, that the incongruity reveals. Our hypothesis assumes as a given that the evocation of such constraints is a cognitive effect of the inferential process by which a hearer interprets utterances. We base this assumption on Hofstadter’s theory of analogy-making as the essence of human thought. By substituting “stimuli” of any kind for “utterances” in this model, we obtain a mechanism as easily applicable to non-verbal communication—slapstick, cartoons—and we propose it describes the necessary and sufficient conditions for a communicative act in any modality to carry humor.
The Humor Styles Questionnaire: a critique of scale construct validity and recommendations regarding individual differences in style profiles
Authors: Galloway Graeme 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper examines the construct validity of the Humor Styles Questionnaire (HSQ) – that is, whether scores on the scale adequately reflect adaptive or maladaptive humor use which is causally related to psychosocial well-being, and considers how research on distinct groups of people defined in terms of their style profiles can clarify the nature of the styles. A number of concerns about scale content are raised, including that coverage of relevant issues and wording of some scale items are problematic; rating scales used to assess humor use require revision; the extent of influence of non-humor components of the items is unclear; and the items associated with any style do not accurately indicate its motivation. Findings concerning style profiles indicate the same style can perform different functions for different people (relationship/stimulation seeking, or self-defense) and also differ from those typically observed in studies of HSQ convergent, divergent, and criterion validity. Further research should take into account the methodological issues discussed and focus on the style profiles and humor content and structure preferences of humor users and their audiences. Reasons to view the styles as predictive of but not causally related to psychosocial well-being are also provided.