bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling the rutting performance of asphalt pavements: a review
Authors: Deng Yong , Shi Xianming 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRutting is a typical distress of asphalt pavement related to material, structural, loading, and environmental conditions of the pavement. This work presents a thorough and targeted synthesis of literature on current predictive models for rutting development in asphalt pavement, including the mechanical model, empirical model, machine learning model, and their combinations. By introducing and comparing the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of different model types, we focused on suitable approaches that predict rutting given the available information in the corresponding studies. Furthermore, we conducted a practitioner survey to identify performance deterioration models used by various highway agencies for asphalt pavement and to capture insights and experiences of users on the existing models in terms of reliability, precision, input and output parameters, consideration of maintenance and rehabilitation history, implementation considerations, etc. This review sheds light on the developing trend of predictive models for rutting and other distresses of asphalt pavement.
Exploring the morphological and genetic diversity of Egyptian basil landraces (Ocimum sp.) for future breeding strategies
Authors: Abuhashem Yara S. , Khalil Hala B. , El-Tahawey Mohamed A. F. A. , Soliman Khaled A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Basil (Ocimum sp.) exhibits significant morphological and genetic diversity. This variation provides an opportunity to identify novel traits that can be used in breeding programs to improve the productivity, quality, and disease resistance of basil plants. The integration of morphological and genetic data for basil varieties can improve our understanding of biodiversity, conservation, and breeding programs.

Results
In 2019, we conducted a comprehensive investigation on 25 basil landraces collected from 12 Egyptian governorates to explore their morphological and genetic diversity. Morphological characterization revealed variability in plant vigor, flower color, cyme shape, and leaf shape, indicating distinct growth patterns and potential for specific applications. Productivity and biochemical evaluation demonstrated significant variation in yield and oil distillation, identifying top-performing landraces L5, L11, and L24 that can be used in breeding programs to optimize performance and reduce environmental impact. The genetic diversity of the landraces was investigated using 11 SCoT primers revealed high levels of genetic diversity among landraces, with a wide range of polymorphism variation. The phylogenetic analysis identified two distinct clades, providing valuable insights into genetic diversity and relationships between different landraces. An interesting observation was made in the study, whereby L6 and L13, collected from Fayoum and Port-Said, respectively, were found to be the closest landraces. Following closely were L7 and L14, which were also collected from the same governorates. These findings have significant implications for the conservation of these landraces, as they may have evolved from similar species.

Conclusions
This study sheds light on the genetic diversity and relationships among 25 Egyptian basil landraces. Using SCoT markers, a high level of polymorphism was detected, indicating significant variation in the genetic makeup of the landraces. The study also revealed interesting observations regarding the relationships among the landraces, with some landraces appearing to have evolved from similar species. The phylogenetic analysis provided insights into the genetic relationships among the landraces, which can guide conservation efforts and breeding programs. Overall, this study provides valuable information for researchers, breeders, and farmers involved in the conservation, breeding, and utilization of basil genetic resources in Egypt.
Research on the mechanism of an adaptive device to deal with bridgehead jump
Authors: Cai Bingliang , Chen Deyi , Huang Shiping 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article aims to solve the problem of the vehicle bumping at bridgehead which caused by uneven settlement in the transition section of the road and bridge. Firstly, a new adaptive device was established. In addition, the mechanism of the device was revealed. Secondly, analytical calculations were performed for the hitch plate equipped with the adaptive device, the deflection equation was derived, and the analytical solution was compared with the numerical solution. Finally, the adaptive device was applied to the actual project, the elongation of the device was analyzed with the settlement of the hitch plate. The results show that the adaptive device can realize the smooth transition of the road-bridge connection section by self-adjustment. Thus, the bridge head jump can be avoided in the case of soil foundation settlement, overall settlement and slap slope. The analytical and numerical solutions of the maximum deflection at the end of the slab are 2.571 cm and 2.263 cm. The corresponding longitudinal slope change rates are 2.8‰ and 2.5‰. One year after the completion of the actual project, the elongation of the two devices is 1.63 cm and 1.97 cm, and the settlement of the end of the slap is 3.74 cm. The adaptive device can provide a reference for solving the problem of jumping traffic at the bridge head.
Association of Thyroid Hormone Medication Adherence With Risk of Dementia
Authors: Han Saemi , Jeong Seogsong , Choi Seulggie , Park Sun Jae , Kim Kyae Hyung , Lee Gyeongsil , Cho Yoosun , Son Joung Sik , Park Sang Min 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Context
Recent studies suggest that hypothyroidism is a risk factor for dementia. Based on existing literature, it is unclear if treatment or compliance to treatment is associated with decreased dementia risk in hypothyroidism patients.

Objective
To determine the association between thyroid hormone medication adherence and risk of dementia.

Methods
A population-based cohort study following patients with newly diagnosed hypothyroidism until incidence of dementia, death, or December 31, 2020, whichever came earliest. The study comprised 41 554 older adults age 50 and above with newly diagnosed hypothyroidism between 2004 and 2008 who underwent health screening. Risk of dementia was evaluated using multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression.

Results
Among 5188 men (12.5%) and 36 366 (87.5%) women, 2120 cases of incident dementia were identified. After stratification of the participants according to the interquartile range of the medication possession ratio (MPR), the fourth quartile (highest adherence) showed a 14% lower risk of overall dementia compared with the first quartile (lowest adherence) (adjusted hazard ratio 0.86; 95% CI 0.76-0.97). No consistent association was observed between thyroid hormone medication adherence and vascular dementia. After a dichotomous stratification of the MPR, higher MPR (≥0.8) showed a lower risk of Alzheimer disease (adjusted hazard ratio 0.91; 95% CI 0.84-0.99) than lower MPR (&lt;0.8).

Conclusion
Better adherence to thyroid hormone medication may be beneficial in preventing incident dementia, especially Alzheimer disease, in older adults with newly diagnosed hypothyroidism. Along with the resolution of hypothyroid symptoms and the reduction of cardiovascular risk factors, the reduction of dementia risk may be another potential benefit of thyroid hormone medication.
The Importance of Awaiting Biopsy Results in Solitary Pathological Proximal Femoral Fractures
Authors: Verspoor Floortje G. M. , Hannink Gerjon , Parry Michael , Jeys Lee , Stevenson Jonathan D. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The optimal surgical treatment for patients presenting with (impending and complete) pathological proximal femoral fractures is predicated on prognosis. Guidelines recommend a preoperative biopsy to exclude sarcomas, however no evidence confirms a benefit.

Objective
This study aimed to describe the diagnostic accuracy, morbidity and sarcoma incidence of biopsy results in these patients.

Material and Methods
All patients (n = 153) presenting with pathological proximal femoral fractures between 2000 and 2019 were retrospectively evaluated. Patients after inadvertent surgery (n = 25) were excluded. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the accuracy and morbidity of diagnostic biopsies.

Results
Of 112/128 patients who underwent biopsy, nine (8%) biopsies were unreliable either due to being inconclusive (n = 5) or because the diagnosis changed after resection (n = 4). Of impending fractures, 32% fractured following needle core biopsy. Median time from diagnosis to surgery was 30 days (interquartile range 21–46). The overall biopsy positive predictive value (PPV) to differentiate between sarcoma and non-sarcoma was 1.00 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.88–1.00). In patients with a previous malignancy (n = 24), biopsy (n = 23) identified the diagnosis in 83% (PPV 0.91, 95% CI 0.71–0.99), of whom five (24%) patients had a new diagnosis. In patients without a history of cancer (n = 61), final diagnosis included carcinomas (n = 24, 39.3%), sarcomas (n = 24, 39.3%), or hematological malignancies (n = 13, 21.3%). Biopsy (n = 58) correctly identified the diagnosis in 66% of patients (PPV 0.80, 95% CI 0.67–0.90).

Conclusion
This study confirms the importance of a preoperative biopsy in solitary pathological proximal femoral fractures due to the risk of sarcoma in patients with and without a history of cancer. However, biopsy delays the time to definite surgery, results can be inconclusive or false, and it risks completion of impending fractures.
GREENWASHING, UMA EXTERNALIDADE NEGATIVA DA SUSTENTABILIDADE?
Authors: ESTEVES CARLA M.S. , Ciccarino Irene Dobarrio Machado 
Published: July 2023

Atualmente existe uma maior atenção na relação entre o que as empresas comunicam e de fato fazem, devido ao agravamento da crise climática e dos problemas socioambientais. O greenwashing consiste na desinformação disseminada para apresentar uma imagem pública ambientalmente favorável e está presente em diversas atividades. A literatura sobre o tema é extensa e crescente. Devido à fragmentação e multidisciplinaridade dessa literatura, este ensaio teórico tem o objetivo de esclarecer aspectos do greenwashing apresentando a teoria de maneira estruturada e relacionando-a com exemplos que ilustrem a prática. Apresenta uma uma reflexão crítica e propõem novos caminhos de investigação. As definições do fenômeno enfatizam a relação entre intervenientes colocando as empresas como agentes e os consumidores como vítimas. Consideram o greenwashing como um produto de comunicação e publicidade, ao invés de enfatizar os processos que o produz. Pouca atenção foi dedicada na descrição do greenwashing e sobre como combatê-lo. Mais estudos devem direcionar atenção aos processos desalinhados com estratégias sustentáveis e analisar como corrigir esse desalinhamento sem inibir ações afirmativas e limitar o processo de aprendizado, deve ser uma questão central na elaboração acadêmica e regulatória sobre o fenômeno.
Experimental demonstration of dyed water aerosol fluorescence stimulated by femtosecond laser postfilaments propagating in air
Authors: Apeksimov Dmitry V. , Geints Yury E. , Oshlakov Victor K. , Petrov Aleksey V. 
Published: July 2023

We present the fluorescence spectra of single millimeter water droplets and micron-sized dyed water aerosol (rhodamine 6G) stimulated by a high-intensity femtosecond Ti:sapphire-laser pulse (carrier wavelength 792 nm) upon its nonlinear propagation in air. The distinctive feature of our experimental measurements is that the droplet fluorescence is obtained in the area of plasma-free pulse propagation after the pulse filamentation has already been terminated (postfilamentation region). Our results significantly expand the working area of femtosecond laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy for remote diagnostics of atmospheric aerosols.
Internet addiction and its relationship with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, anxiety and stress among university students in Malaysia
Authors: Zakaria Hazli , Hussain Imran , Zulkifli Nor Sa’adah , Ibrahim Norazimah , Noriza Nuri Jailina , Wong Michelle , Nik Jaafar Nik Ruzyanei , Mohd. Salleh Sahimi Hajar , Abd Latif Muhammad Hanif 
Published: July 2023

Background and aims
There is growing evidence on the contribution of psychological factors to internet addiction; yet it remains inconsistent and deserves further exploration. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the psychological symptoms (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms, stress, depression, anxiety and loneliness) and internet addiction (IA) among the university students in Malaysia.

Materials and methods
A total of 480 students from different faculties in a Malaysian public university participated in this study. They were selected by simple random sampling method. They completed self-administered questionnaires including the Malay Version of Internet Addiction Test (MVIAT)) to measure internet addiction and Adult Self-Report Scale (ASRS) Symptom Checklist, Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) and UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3) to assess for ADHD symptoms, depression, anxiety, stress, and loneliness respectively.

Results
The prevalence of IA among university students was 33.33% (n = 160). The respondents’ mean age was 21.01 ± 1.29 years old and they were predominantly females (73.1%) and Malays (59.4%). Binary logistic regression showed that gender (p = 0.002; OR = 0.463, CI = 0.284–0.754), ADHD inattention (p = 0.003; OR = 2.063, CI = 1.273–3.345), ADHD hyperactivity (p<0.0001; OR = 2.427, CI = 1.495–3.939), stress (p = 0.048; OR = 1.795, CI = 1.004–3.210) and loneliness (p = 0.022; OR = 1.741, CI = 1.084–2.794) were significantly associated with IA.

Conclusion
A third of university students had IA. In addition, we found that those who were at risk of IA were males, with ADHD symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity, who reported stress and loneliness. Preventive strategy to curb internet addiction and its negative sequelae may consider these factors in its development and implementation.
Brain MRI segmentation of Zika-Exposed normocephalic infants shows smaller amygdala volumes
Authors: Ghosh Shanchita , Salan Teddy , Riotti Jessica , Ramachandran Amrutha , Gonzalez Ivan A. , Bandstra Emmalee S. , Reyes Fiama L. , Andreansky Samita S. , Govind Varan , Saigal Gaurav 
Published: July 2023

Background
Infants with congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) are known to exhibit characteristic brain abnormalities. However, the brain anatomy of Zika virus (ZIKV)-exposed infants, born to ZIKV-positive pregnant mothers, who have normal-appearing head characteristics at birth, has not been evaluated in detail. The aim of this prospective study is, therefore, to compare the cortical and subcortical brain structural volume measures of ZIKV-exposed normocephalic infants to age-matched healthy controls.

Methods and findings
We acquired T2-MRI of the whole brain of 18 ZIKV-exposed infants and 8 normal controls on a 3T MRI scanner. The MR images were auto-segmented into eight tissue types and anatomical regions including the white matter, cortical grey matter, deep nuclear grey matter, corticospinal fluid, amygdala, hippocampus, cerebellum, and brainstem. We determined the volumes of these regions and calculated the total intracranial volume (TICV) and head circumference (HC). We compared these measurements between the two groups, controlling for infant age at scan, by first comparing results for all subjects in each group and secondly performing a subgroup analysis for subjects below 8 weeks of postnatal age at scan. ZIKV-exposed infants demonstrated a significant decrease in amygdala volume compared to the control group in both the group and subgroup comparisons (p<0.05, corrected for multiple comparisons using FDR). No significant volume differences were observed in TICV, HC, or any specific brain tissue structures or regions. Study limitations include small sample size, which was due to abrupt cessation of extramural funding as the ZIKV epidemic waned.

Conclusion
ZIKV-exposed infants exhibited smaller volumes in the amygdala, a brain region primarily involved in emotional and behavioral processing. This brain MRI finding may lead to poorer behavioral outcomes and warrants long-term monitoring of pediatric cases of infants with gestational exposure to Zika virus as well as other neurotropic viruses.
The frequency of workplace violence against healthcare workers and affecting factors
Authors: Sari Hıdır , Yildiz İsmail , Çağla Baloğlu Senem , Özel Mehmet , Tekalp Ronay 
Published: July 2023

Background
Workplace violence has become a global issue, especially among healthcare workers. This study aimed to determine the influencing factors and legal processes of workplace violence incidents, as well as the frequency of workplace violence in a tertiary hospital.

Methods
This observational, descriptive, retrospective frequency study was conducted between January 2020 and March 2022. This study examined the workplace violence records of 135 healthcare professionals at a tertiary hospital’s Patient Rights and Employee Safety and Law departments. Factors affecting workplace violence were categorized as noncompliance with the procedure, communication, and dissatisfaction.

Results
Workplace violence frequency was observed in the cumulative total of 10821 healthcare workers at 1.2%. In terms of workplace violence types, 71.9% were verbal and 28.1% were physical. In terms of exposure to workplace violence, doctors accounted for 62.3%, nurses for 20%, and medical secretaries for 7.4%. Most cases were observed in outpatient clinics (34.8%), followed by emergency departments (25.9%). Among the main reasons for workplace violence against healthcare workers, non-compliance with procedures (49.6%), communication (27.4%), and dissatisfaction (23.1%) were identified. Legal aid was provided to all notifications of workplace violence. 37.1% were not prosecuted, 55.5% were under investigation, 4.4% were accepted indictments, and 3.0% were punished by a judicial fine.

Conclusion
This study can provide significant contributions to the formulation of workplace violence prevention policies and programs by analyzing white-code notifications for workplace violence frequency and preventable factors. Healthcare workers may have underreported workplace violence events due to the length of the proceedings and the perceived lack of protection from legal regulations.
ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ В МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ДИАГНОСТИКЕ И КЛАССИФИКАЦИИ НЕЙРОЭНДОКРИННЫХ НОВООБРАЗОВАНИЙ
Authors: Мартынова О. А. , Журавлев А. С. 
Published: July 2023

Нейроэндокринные новообразования (НЭН) происходят из нейроэндокринных клеток, развиваются
в разных локализациях, имеют схожее гистологическое строение и иммуногистохимические (ИГХ) характеристики. Цель исследования - провести анализ актуальной научной литературы для обобщения новых
данных в патологоанатомической диагностике НЭН.
МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ: проанализирована выборка научных публикаций из базы данных PubMed
по запросам “neuroendocrine tumor” и “pathology” за последние 5 лет и классификация Всемирной
Организации Здравоохранения эндокринных и нейроэндокринных опухолей 2022 года издания [1].
РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: в результате проведенного анализа литературы выявлены следующие новые особенности в диагностике нейроэндокринных новообразований:
1. эпителиальные НЭН классифицируются на 2 группы - хорошо дифференцированные НЭН (включают
нейроэндокринные опухоли (НЭО) grade 1, 2 или 3) и плохо дифференцированные НЭН (включают
крупно- и мелкоклеточную нейроэндокринную карциному (НЭК));
2. НЭО поджелудочной железы (ПЖЖ) размером менее 5мм переименованы в нейроэндокринные микроопухоли (вместо микроаденомы), на основании способности метастазировать;
3. ганглиоцитарная параганглиома, параганглиома конского хвоста и параганглиома среднего уха реклассифицированы в НЭН;
4. определены рекомендуемые критерии для ИГХ подтверждения НЭН (минимум 2 позитивных маркера
из INSM1, Synaptophysin, Chromogranin A);
5. описаны новые диагностические ИГХ маркеры: ISL LIM homeobox1, secretagogin, Syntaxin 1;
6. описаны ИГХ алгоритмы для дифференциальной диагностики между НЭО grade 3 и НЭК с применением
маркеров TP53 и Rb1, а также антител к рецепторам соматостатина;
7. описаны ИГХ маркеры DAXX, ATRX, DDL3, OFD1 с потенциально возможным применением для диагностики и определения прогноза заболевания;
8. мелкоклеточная НЭК легкого классифицирована на 4 потенциально клинически значимых генетических
класса на основании мутаций в генах ASCL1, NEUROD1, POU2F3 и YAP1;
9. выделены эпигенетические подтипы НЭО ПЖЖ на основании наличия мутации ATRX/DAXX, имеющей
прогностическое значение;
10.уточнены критерии для морфологического диагноза смешанной нейроэндокринной и ненейроэндокринной неоплазии.
ВЫВОДЫ: представлены практически значимые обновления в классификации и морфологической
диагностике НЭН, позволяющие врачам-патологоанатомам выработать новые диагностические алгоритмы
для данного типа опухолей.
КОНСЕРВАТИВНОЕ ЛЕЧЕНИЕ АБСЦЕССОВ ЩИТОВИДНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ
Authors: Ильин А. А. , Полькин В. В. , Панасейкин Ю. А. , Исаев И. А. 
Published: July 2023

ЦЕЛЬ: абсцесс щитовидной железы, или острый тиреоидит, крайне редко встречающийся вид тиреоидной патологии. Обычно пациентам с этим заболеванием рекомендуется проведение хирургического
лечения. Мы приводим три наблюдения больных с этой патологией. Во всех случаях проведение консервативной терапии в комплексе с малоинвазивным вмешательством позволили добиться выздоровления
больных. Длительный катамнез продемонстрировали безопасность и эффективность методики.
МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ: в период с 2001 по 2012 г у трех пациенток 22, 41 и 52 лет обратившихся
в клинику диагностирован острый тиреоидит. Все имели длительный анамнез, более 3 лет, морфологически
подтвержденного узлового зоба. Всем в амбулаторных условиях выполнена пункция абсцесса с апирацией гнойного содержимого, промыванием полости узла 0,02% хлоргексидина и последующим введением
антибиотка (аугментин, максипим).
РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: у всех больных заболевание развилось остро, в течении 2-3 дней. Клинические проявления: фибрильная температура, появление резко плотного образования в нижней трети шеи, выраженный болевой синдром из-за которого двум пациенткам приходилось занимать вынужденное положение.
Размер образований колебался от 5 до 7 см, объем образований 34,4, 45 и 48 мл. При УЗИ определялось
кистозное образование с неоднородным содержимым. В анализе крови уровень лейкоцитов превышал
20х109
, нейтрофилез с резким сдвигом вправо, СОЭ от 50 до 65 мм час. При выполнении пункции было
аспирировано от 10 до 25 мл гноя. По данным цитологического исследования определялся детрит, элементы воспаления. Всем выполнена ТАБ с аспирацией гнойного содержимого, промыванием полости
0,02% хлоргексидина в объеме 10-25 мл и последующим введением антибиотика. В двух случаях раствор
амоксициллина с клавурновой кислотой 1 г, и у одного больного 1 г раствора цефепима. В двух случаях
введение антибитика производилось однократно, у одного двухкратно, с интервалом между процедурами
3 дня. Все пациентки дополнительно получали цефалоспорины per os в течении 7-10 дней. Нормализация
температуры и исчезновение болевого синдрома происходила в течении 2-3 дней. В эти же сроки отмечалось начало уменьшения образований. Через 1 год размер узлов колебался от 1.3до 2,4 мл, объем 0,3, 1,1
и 2,4 мл. Все узлы преимущественно солидного характера Длительность катамнеза составили 10, 16 и 21
год. Рецидив воспаления отсутствовал.
ВЫВОДЫ: консервативное введение абсцессов щитовидной железы в комплексе с малоинвазивным
вмешательством продемонстрировали безопасность и эффективность при лечении больных с абсцессами
щитовидной железы.