bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Diversion Fluid for Chelate-Based Acid Systems
Authors: Nazari Moghaddam Rasoul , Van Doorn Marcel , Oskarsson Hans , Ferm Paul 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Chelating agents have been used in the upstream oil and gas industry as a scale remover, iron control agent and acidizing fluid. Despite several studies on diversion techniques for conventional acid systems (i.e., HCl or organic acid), the application of diverting systems has rarely been studied during acidizing jobs using chelating agents. In this study, a new diverting system is introduced and experimentally evaluated during the stimulation of carbonate cores by a chelate-based acid.
The diverting system introduced in this study is a unique blend of viscoelastic surfactants based on sulfobataine and amine oxide chemistries. The new diverting system was examined during carbonate acidizing by Glutamic acid N, N-diacetic acid (GLDA). The diverting system, which is specially designed for high temperature applications, was used during dual coreflooding experiments at 130°C. In these evaluations, Indiana limestone cores with various permeability contrasts were used. The pressure behavior, permeability improvement/reduction, and the production flow rates from each core plug were measured. Finally, to visualize the wormhole propagation inside each core, CT scanning was conducted after the treatments.
From the results, it was found that the diverting system can block the formation for a certain period of time (&lt;2 hours). During this period, the diverting system shows the highest viscosity and can temporarily block the high permeability cores (&gt;100 mD) which diverts the injected acid to the lower permeability core. It was found that the acid diversion lasts for a longer time when the system has a higher permeability contrast. From the CT-scan images, it was found that the wormholes were propagated up to 50% across the low permeability core when 0.3 PV of the diversion fluid was injected. With enough volume of the diversion fluid, the acid system was fully diverted, and the treatment fluid achieved full-length wormholes in both high permeability (HP) and low permeability (LP) cores. It was also shown that required volume of the diverting fluid is a function of permeability contrast. It was demonstrated this pre-flush diversion technique can be successfully applied and it needs less VES volume compared to the continuous VES injection with acid.
The novel formulation introduced in this study is a cost-effective solution specially designed for the chelate-based acid systems. The proposed formulation can also be optimized to resolve diversion challenges in other applications at high temperature.
New Visco-Elastic Surfactant Formulation with Excellent Carrying Properties in Multiple Brine Systems and Wide Temperature Ranges
Authors: Oskarsson Hans , Ferm Paul M. , Heck Kiernan , Nazari Moghaddam Rasoul 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Visco-elastic surfactants (VES) are widely used in oil and gas-well drilling and completion operations, mainly due to their non-damaging characteristics and excellent sand and proppant carrying properties. A challenge of VES is to maintain visco-elasticity over a wide set of temperature and brine conditions. The scope of this study was to develop a VES system with a robust rheology stability in low density to high density monovalent and di-valent brines and in wide temperature ranges aiming for a versatile formulation applicable for many conditions. Rheology of VES formulations of zwitterionic and cationic surfactants were screened in a wide range of typical drilling and completion brines with densities ranging from 8.7 −16.5 PPG of different monovalent and divalent salts and in temperatures up to 350 °F.
As a final test, the capacity to hold and disperse sand and gravels at different conditions were investigated for selected brine formulations.
A specific long-chained zwitterionic surfactant exhibits excellent brine stability in many situations as a stand-alone surfactant and here are shown to show improved temperature and brine stability when formulated with various cationic quarternary ammonium-based surfactants. Further improvements in temperature and brine stability are seen both types of surfactants in the formulation had long tail-groups and in many cases if both had unsaturation. For these formulations, even when changing brine conditions from 8.7 ppg CaCl2/MgCl2 to 16.5 ppg CaCl2/ZnCl2/CaBr2, they show improved visco-elasticity and carrying properties compared to standalone surfactant formulations and in a wide temperature range from 75 °F to above 245 °F.
The viscoelastic behavior over broad brine and temperature ranges also showed excellent carrying properties in gravel sedimentation tests. The proposed formulations are of advantage both in water-based drilling and completion fluids and are non-damaging to the formation.
Synergistic Scale Inhibitor Blends Provide Enhanced Carbonate Scale Management- Laboratory to Field
Authors: Jordan Myles , Vikshåland Kim , Johnston Michael 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Control of inorganic sulphate and carbonate scales with polymer, phosphonate and phosphate ester scale inhibitors is well established within the oilfield service industry. Less well understood is the potential for synergistic interactions with blends of polymers/phosphonates/phosphate esters to give reduced treatment rates, lower chemical discharge volumes and potentially lower treatment cost specifically for carbonate scale control.
In this paper selection and field trial application of such a synergistic blend is presented to control severe scaling within produced fluid heaters on a North Sea platform.
Dynamic scale loop (DSL) tests were carried out to evaluate inhibition of a range of single component inhibitors before blends of these chemicals including biopolymer/phosphonate and carboxylic acid functionalized polymer/phosphonate were evaluated to try to reduce the inhibitor concentration required to control both calcium carbonate (saturation ratio, SR 550, mass 1100mg/l) and barium sulphate (SR 55, mass 450mg/l) scale formation.
For this challenging carbonate (milder sulphate) scale environment at high temperature (105°C), it was observed that a blend of a polymer (carboxylic acid functionalized polymer) and currently applied low molecular weight phosphonate was more effective than either of the components by themselves, suggesting synergistic interaction.
Results from the initial field trial of the synergistic blend are presented with monitoring methods outlined to confirm that the formulation is as effective as the laboratory evaluated tests suggested.
The initial trial started at the incumbent products injection rate for 1 week with differential pressure across the production and test heaters carefully trended (along with fluid flow rate and fluid heating performance) to confirm scale control prior to a 20% reduction in treatment rate being applied for 1 week with a further reduction of 40% of the incumbent being applied for another 7 days prior to the incumbent chemical being reinstated to allow review of the trial formulations performance. Along with differential pressure trending scaling ions, suspended solids assessment via environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) and measurement of inhibitor concentration within the produced water was carried out to ensure scale control was effective.
The current regulatory challenges with REACH (registration, evaluation, authorization and restriction of chemicals) mean that the methods outlined in this study offer the potential to reduce chemical treatment rate, cost and environmental impact by evaluating the synergistic interaction of the current range of commercially available environmentally suitable scale inhibitors and therefore eliminating the very high registration costs/ time delays to the market associated with new inhibitor molecule development.
Effect of Thio-Chemicals Molecular Structure for Corrosion Inhibition in CO2 Corrosive Environments
Authors: Yang Jiang , Wang Xintong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Carbon dioxide often exists in oil and gas fields, and CO2 flooding is also increasingly used to enhance oil recovery. CO2 is highly corrosive to steel in oilfield fluid. The effective and economical method for controlling corrosion is the addition of corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel materials. Small thio-compounds have been found effective to enhance corrosion inhibition of imidazoline inhibitors. In this study, several small thio-derivatives inhibitor including mercaptoethanol (ME), thiourea (TU), and mercaptoacetic acid (TGA) and 2-mercaptobenzimidazole (MBI) were compared to inhibit the CO2 corrosion. They were used as synergists to enhance corrosion inhibition of oleic imidazoline (OIM) for carbon steel at 60 °C in CO2-saturated brine. The corrosion inhibition was investigated by weight loss and electrochemical methods. The surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mechanism of corrosion inhibition was studied by quantum chemical calculations. The results show that the MBI with the aromatic group gave the best corrosion inhibition than that of ME, TGA, and TU. The surface characterization showed no pitting and localized corrosion at 10 ppm of inhibitor. The model of interaction is proposed that OIM is protonated and coupled with MBI by electrostatic attraction to co-adsorb on the carbon steel surface. MBI adsorbs on Fe by a bidentate binding-N-S-bridge connection, which effectively prevents the corrosion of carbon steel in the CO2 environment. The research provides a structure-properties relationship of thio-chemicals to develop more effective corrosion inhibitors.
Siderite Formation Kinetics, Solubility, and Phase Transformation on CO2 Corroding Mild Carbon Steel Under High Temperature
Authors: Ye Yuqing , Wang Xin , Reiss Amit G. , Kan Amy T. , Tomson Mason B. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The solubility and precipitation kinetic of siderite were measured under 90, 120, and 150 °C, with 1m of NaCl under unchanged pH (pH=6). The solubility data were in agreement with SSP prediction and a diffusion-controlled precipitation was determined for siderite with an active energy of 5.66 kJ/mol. Furthermore, temperature-driven phase transformation was imaged by SEM, in which multiple crystal were observed co-existing under same experimental condition. We discuss the mechanism of transformation among chukanovite, siderite, and magnetite; and how it can attribute to the difficulty in measuring siderite solubility and precipitation kinetic. Lastly, we outline some future work in optimizing our study. Overall, this method can be used for extensive investigations in additional factors that affect the siderite formation, such as ionic strength, pH, CO2 partial pressure, and the presence of inhibitors.
Geomechanical investigation of the Jurassic Khatatba reservoir in Qasr Field, Shushan Basin,north Western Desert, Egypt: implications for reservoir management
Authors: Harby Hane , Abu-Hashishb Mohamed , Leilac Mahmoud , E Faragd Ali 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

A proper investigation of geomechanical properties of reservoir sediments allows accurate prediction of both magnitude and direction of different stress regimes which are crucial for hydrocarbon production and reservoir management. The syn-rift Jurassic facies host the main reservoir targets in the north Western Desert, Egypt which produces more than 50% of the country’s daily oil production. However, a detailed assessment of the geomechanical behavior of the main Jurassic reservoirs has never been investigated. Thus, the present study integrates the available wireline log data in order to determine the geomechanical properties of the Middle Jurassic gas-bearing Khatatba sediments in Qasr Field, Shushan Basin, north Western Desert. Mechanical earth model (MEM) was constructed and formation microimager logs (FMI) were interpreted for the Qasr-5 well to investigate the geomechanical behavior and wellbore stability of the Lower Khatatba reservoir facies. The stress direction was determined from FMI by identifying drilling-induced fractures, breakout, and formation fractures. Resistive, conductive, and partially conductive fractures are oriented in NE–SW, ESE–WSW, NW–SE, NE–SW, and SW–NE directions coinciding with the Jurassic syn-rift structures. The ENE–WSW direction of breakout and minimum horizontal stress (SHmin) in Qasr-5 well are the same as that of the primary fault in the Shushan Basin contrasting with the NNW–SSE direction of maximum horizontal stress (SHmax) and induced fractures. Fracture analysis of Qasr-5 revealed that only two points in the well were affected by critical stress. Based on the interpreted geomechanical properties, optimal drilling conditions to ensure wellbore stability in Shushan Basin were proposed.
Financial Scarcity, Psychological Well-Being and Perceptions: An Evaluation of the Nigerian Currency Redesign Policy Outcomes
Authors: Ani Judith Ifunanya , Ajayi-Ojo Vincent O. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
The relationship between insufficient financial resources and psychological health has been extensively studied and established in various contexts. However, there remains uncertainty regarding the potential impact of the Nigerian naira currency redesign policy on the psychological well-being of Nigerians. This policy, which aimed to demonetize the economy and promote economic stability, involved changes to the physical appearance of the currency. Understanding the effects of this policy on psychological health is essential for evaluating its overall societal impact and identifying potential areas for improvement in future currency redesign initiatives.
Methods
A cross-sectional study involving 2237 respondents across the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria. Utilizing the snowball and convenience sampling technique, social media platforms (Facebook and WhatsApp) were used to recruit respondents. Variables were analyzed at descriptive and inferential levels.
Results
The perceptions of respondents towards the policy were diverse across different demographic groups. It was widely perceived that the timing of the policy was inappropriate, considering the challenges faced in utilizing online payment platforms and the significant inaccessibility of cash. Furthermore, the analysis revealed that demographic variables played a role in explaining systematic variations in the experience of financial scarcity and its effect on psychological health during the cash crunch that ensued as a result of the Nigerian naira currency redesign policy.
Conclusions
This study identified a significant association between the psychological inventory of financial scarcity and psychological well-being among residents in Nigeria during the cash crunch resulting from the Naira redesign policy. The findings suggest that the financial scarcity experienced by Nigerians due to the policy had a substantial impact on individuals' psychological well-being. We recommend that holistic approach be undertaken by policymakers to ensure that policy actions not only address economic objectives but also safeguard the mental health and overall well-being of the population.
An Enhanced Diagnosis of Monkeypox Disease using Deep Learning and a Novel Attention Model SENet on Diversified Dataset
Authors: Surati Shivangi , Trivedi Himani , Shrimali Bela 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
With the widespread of Monkeypox and increase in the weekly reported number of cases, it is observed that this outbreak continues to put the human beings in risk. The early detection and reporting of this disease will help monitoring and controlling the spread of it and hence, supporting international coordination for the same. For this purpose, the aim of this paper is to classify three diseases viz. Monkeypox, Chikenpox and Measles based on provided image dataset using trained standalone DL models (InceptionV3, EfficientNet, VGG16) and Squeeze and Excitation Network (SENet) Attention model. The first step to implement this approach is to search, collect and aggregate (if require) verified existing dataset(s). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper which has proposed the use of SENet based attention models in the classification task of Monkeypox and also targets to aggregate two different datasets from distinct sources in order to improve the performance parameters. The unexplored SENet attention architecture is incorporated with the trunk branch of InceptionV3 (SENet+InceptionV3), EfficientNet (SENet+EfficientNet) and VGG16 (SENet+VGG16) and these architectures improve the accuracy of the Monkeypox classification task significantly. Comprehensive experiments on three datasets depict that the proposed work achieves considerably high results with regard to accuracy, precision, recall and F1-score and hence, improving the overall performance of classification. Thus, the proposed research work is advantageous in enhanced diagnosis and classification of Monkeypox that can be utilized further by healthcare experts and researchers to confront its outspread.
Indications of younger age at menarche in Greek adolescents but no relation to body mass index
Authors: Papageorgiou Anastasia , Charmandari Evangelia , Efthymiou Vasiliki , Vlachakis Dimitrios , Bacopoulou Flora 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to present recent trends in the pubertal timing of a Greek female sample.
Methods
Data were collected retrospectively from medical records of healthy females aged 6–18 years who attended a tertiary Adolescent Friendly Health Center over a 5-year period (2016–2020) and included gestational age, birth weight, age of thelarche and/or pubarche and/or menarche along with corresponding anthropometric, hormonal, and biochemical measurements.
Results
Data from 298 girls’ medical records were included in the analysis. Median age at menarche and thelarche was 12 and 9 years respectively, while mean age at pubarche 8.97 years. The mean interval between pubertal onset and menarche was 1.99 years. Mean body mass index (BMI) at menarche and thelarche was 20.99 kg/m2 and 18.90 kg/m2 respectively. Mean weight at menarche was 49.6 kg, whereas the mean height difference between thelarche and menarche was 19.17cm. Among participants, 6.3% had premature menarche, while 24.0% had premature thelarche. Birth weight was moderately correlated with BMI at thelarche/pubarche (rs=0.334, p = 0.005). Birth weight and BMI at thelarche/pubarche were not predictive of premature menarche or premature thelarche. Median (interquartile range, IQR) levels at menarche vs. thelarche were higher for insulin-like growth factor-1 [358.00(140.50) vs. 176.00(55.00) ng/ml], follicle stimulation hormone [5.65(3.14) vs. 3.10(4.23) mIU/ml], testosterone [25.50(31.00) vs. 13.00(21.00) ng/dl], dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate [117.00(112.50) vs. 46.40(51.90) µg/dl] and insulin [17.40(15.05) vs. 8.47(4.97) µIU/ml].
Conclusion
The timing of pubertal stages in the Greek female sample studied followed the recent international downward trends. Younger age at menarche was not related to body mass index.
Risk factors and Diagnostic Indicators for postoperative acute pancreatitis in acute aortic dissection
Authors: Liu Siyi , Li Jiaxin , Fang Miaoxian , Liu Siqi , Xiong Weiping , Xiao Yingkai , Lei Liming 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objectives: To analyze the incidence, prognosis, risk factors and diagnostic indicatorsof postoperative acute pancreatitis (PAP) in cases of acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD).
Methods: We enrolled 639 patients with ATAAD who underwent thoracic aortic endovascular repair or open surgery at our center from January 2019 to October 2021, and reported the perioperative information. Once patients were diagnosed with PAP, we recorded the diagnostic features, including acute severe epigastric abdominal pain, pancreatic enzyme levels, and abdominal computed tomography or ultrasonography results.
Results: PAP in cases of ATAAD was present in 13 patients (13/639, 2.04%), who had a higher proportion of postoperative complications and worse prognosis. The incidences of postoperative hypoxemia [12 (92.31%) vs. 196 (31.31%)], low cardiac output syndrome [2 (15.38%) vs. 13 (2.08%)], need for renal-replacement therapy (RRT) [7 (53.85%) vs. 116 (18.53%)], pneumonia [8 (61.54%) vs. 80 (12.78%)], and bacteremia [5 (38.46%) vs. 27 (4.31%)] were higher in patients with PAP than in the control group. The 90-day mortality of postoperative PAP was 30.77% (4/13). Logistic regression analysis identified coronary and/or atherosclerosis (OR: 7.768, 95%CI [1.463- 41.261], p=0.016), postoperative hypoxemia (OR: 24.429, 95%CI[2.003-298.008, p=0.012), low cardiac output syndrome (OR: 27.382, 95%CI [1.65-454.271, p=0.021), and lactate dehydrogenase level (OR: 1.021, 95%CI [1.005- 1.037], p=0.01) as significant independent risk factors for PAP. Severe epigastric pain is the main manifestation of PAP in ATAAD patients.
Conclusions: PAP is a serious complication of ATAAD and is associated with poorer outcomes. Coronary and/or atherosclerosis, postoperative hypoxemia, low cardiac output syndrome, and higher lactate dehydrogenase levels are risk factors for PAP. In cases of progressively elevated pancreatic enzymes or positive abdominal symptoms, a computed tomography scan or magnetic resonance imaging should be performed immediately to rule out PAP.
Secure data convergence based on trust management and clustered routing
Authors: yu Xiuwu , wang xun , liu yong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Wireless sensor networks are not only used for environmental monitoring, medical research, and industrial production, but also increasingly focused on security. While traditional key security mechanisms can withstand external network attacks, they are unable to resist internal network attacks after a node has been compromised by an enemy. To address this issue, the TMSDF algorithm is proposed in this paper, which improves the trust value calculation through adjustments to the adjustment function, penalty function, and node connection degree in the direct and indirect trust. The algorithm also utilizes a dynamic balance weight factor to adjust the direct and indirect trust in the calculation of the integrated trust value. In network deployment using the leach clustering routing method, the trust value and residual energy are integrated into the cluster head election process. The cluster head is responsible for managing trust and electing the fusion node, which performs data fusion to balance the network's energy. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can identify internal attacks by malicious nodes, resist manipulation by malicious nodes, and perform safe data fusion.
DOT1L limits RNAPII promoter-proximal pause release thus enabling Activation Induced Deaminase activity genome-wide
Authors: Subramani Poorani Ganesh , Seija Noe , Ridani Jana , Boulais Jonathan , Donnelly Paul , Provencher Mélanie , Bagci Halil , Poitras Christian , Côté Jean-François , Robert Francois , Noia Javier Di 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Activation induced deaminase (AID) initiates class switch recombination (CSR) and somatic hypermutation of the antibody genes but also mutates “off-target” genes, with oncogenic consequences. Understanding the mechanisms that render such loci susceptible to AID is therefore necessary. We identify the H3K79 histone methyltransferase DOT1L as a nuclear AID-proximal factor required for CSR and AID off-target activity, including IgH-cMyc translocations. Mechanistically, DOT1L limits promoter-proximal transcriptional pause release. DOT1L inactivation reduced promoter-proximal paused RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) occupancy, while concomitantly increasing RNAPII Serine 2 phosphorylation and reducing cohesin at gene bodies. These changes were proportional to the amount of H3K79me3 lost and perturbed transcription elongation, as evidenced by downregulation of highly expressed long genes but upregulation of shorter primed genes. Thus, DOT1L restricting promoter-proximal pause release can explain the hitherto puzzling predominance of gene upregulation in DOT1L-deficient mammalian cells and establishes regulated pause release as a critical step for AID activity.