bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of isothermal chemical denaturation to early‐stage formulation development of fibrinogen
Authors: Son Jae Woon , Son Jong Mun , Hur Ki Ho , Lee Wonhwa , Song Im‐Sook , Na Dong Hee 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to develop fibrinogen formulation using isothermal chemical denaturation (ICD), which is a technique that measures the conformational stability of proteins through structure perturbation by denaturants such as urea. Fibrinogen has been used to treat various congenital and acquired human fibrinogen‐related disorders that represent a group of rare conditions. In this study, 10 formulations of fibrinogen were initially prepared and appropriate formulations were screened via automated, high‐throughput ICD measurements. The optimal formulation selection process was further performed through osmolality measurements and accelerated stability study at 40°C and 75% relative humidity. The fibrinogen formulation was optimized with 20 mg/ml fibrinogen, 16 mg/ml L‐arginine, 10 mg/ml glycine, 1.2 mg/ml tri‐sodium citrate dihydrate, and 3.5 mg/ml sodium chloride at pH 7.0. This study demonstrates that ICD‐based formulation screening approach is highly applicable to early‐stage formulation development of fibrinogen.
Oxidative stress disrupts the cytoskeleton of spinal motor neurons
Authors: Chen Jian , Chen Tianyu , Wang Yeyang , Meng Juanjuan , Tan Guangjiao , Zhao Qiurong , Feng Shilong , Xu Lixin , Pei Qinqin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and aimTraumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a common and devastating central nervous disease, the treatment of which faces many challenges to the medical community and society as a whole. Treatment measures based on oxidative stress of spinal motor neurons during SCI are expected to help restore biological functions of neurons under injury conditions. However, to date, there are no systematic reports regarding oxidative stress on spinal motor neuron injury. Our aim is to better understand and explain the influences and mechanisms of oxidative stress on spinal motor neurons during SCI.MethodsWe first exposed VSC4.1 motor neurons to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and evaluated the effects on cell viability, morphology, cycling, and apoptosis, with an emphasis on the changes to the cytoskeleton and the effect of N‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine (NAC) on these changes. Then, we investigated the effects of NAC on these cytoskeletal changes in vitro and in vivo.ResultsWe found that H2O2 caused severe damage to the normal cytoskeleton, leading to a reduction in neurite length and number, rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton, and disorder of the microtubules and neurofilaments in VSC4.1. Importantly, NAC attenuated the oxidative damage of spinal motor neurons in vitro and in vivo, promoting the recovery of hindlimb motor ability in mice with SCI at the early stage of injury.ConclusionThis study shows that oxidative stress plays an important role in the cytoskeleton destruction of spinal motor neurons in SCI, and treatment of SCI on this basis is a promising strategy. These findings will help to elucidate the role of oxidative stress in spinal motor neuron injury in SCI and provide references for further research into the study of the pathology and underlying mechanism of SCI.
Dual‐functional ZnO/LiF layer protected lithium metal for stable Li10GeP2S12‐based all‐solid‐state lithium batteries
Authors: Chang Xinshuang , Liu Gaozhan , Wu Ming , Chang Mingyuan , Zhao Xiaolei , Chen George Z. , Fow Kam Loon , Yao Xiayin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAll‐solid‐state lithium battery has become one of the most promising secondary batteries due to their high energy density and excellent safety. However, the growth of lithium dendrites and side reactions between lithium metal and solid electrolytes hinder the practical application of all‐solid‐state lithium batteries. Herein, a dual‐functional layer of ZnO and LiF is fabricated at the interface between lithium metal and Li10GeP2S12 solid electrolyte by a magnetic sputtering technique. The ZnO/LiF dual‐functional layer can suppress severe Li10GeP2S12/lithium metal interface side reactions and has a high interface energy against lithium which can block the growth of lithium dendrites. The symmetric cell of Li@ZnO/LiF‐Li10GeP2S12‐Li@ZnO/LiF demonstrates stable lithium plating/striping cycling for 2000 h with a small overpotential of 200 mV at 0.1 mA cm−2 and 0.1 mAh cm−2. The full cell of Li@ZnO/LiF‐Li10GeP2S12‐LiCoO2@LiNbO3 shows stable cycling stability for 500 cycles with a high reversible specific capacity of 80 mAh g−1 at 1.0 C.
Preventing eating disorders and disordered eating in genetically vulnerable, high‐risk families
Authors: Levine Michael P. , Sadeh‐Sharvit Shiri 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo close the chasm between theory about families containing a parent with an eating disorders (EDs) history and lack of selective or indicated prevention programming for such families with an older child or adolescent who is, genetically, at high risk.MethodA search of four major databases for January 2000 through September 2022 yielded no publications that (a) identified genetically high‐risk families with offspring ages 10 through 18; (b) devised a prevention program for the family; and (c) evaluated program effects on risk/protective factors. To rectify this gap, research on three lines of family‐based prevention is reviewed: (1) programs for adolescents at genetic risk for depression or anxiety; (2) the Stanford‐Dresden project for adolescents at high risk for anorexia nervosa; and (3) Sadeh‐Sharvit et al.'s work concerning the Parent‐Based Prevention program for mothers with an EDs history and a child under age 5.ResultsThe significant challenges for innovative prevention programming should be addressed by experts in effective EDs, depression, and anxiety prevention, and in family‐based treatment (FBT) for EDs, collaborating with people from genetically vulnerable families. Innovative programming should focus on robust risk factors for EDs, adaptive expression of non‐specific risk factors (e.g., temperament), and strengthening family functioning.DiscussionThe field is overdue for development of prevention programs designed for older children or adolescents who are at risk because a parent has an ED. Evidence‐based prevention programs for EDs and for depression and anxiety, as well as parent‐based prevention informed by FBT, provide a springboard for addressing this gap.Public SignificanceThe foundation of theory and research is available for stakeholders to develop prevention programming that closes the huge gap between theory and research about families that are genetically vulnerable for eating disorders versus the complete lack of prevention programming for such families that have an older child or adolescent at high risk.
Grassland productivity responds unexpectedly to dynamic light and soil water environments induced by photovoltaic arrays
Authors: Sturchio Matthew A. , Macknick Jordan E. , Barron‐Gafford Greg A. , Chen Anping , Alderfer Cavin , Condon Kathleen , Hajek Olivia L. , Miller Benjamin , Pauletto Benjamin , Siggers J. Alexander , Slette Ingrid J. , Knapp Alan K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAgrivoltaic (AV) systems are designed to coproduce photovoltaic (PV) energy on lands simultaneously supporting agriculture (food/forage production). PV infrastructure in agroecosystems alters resources critical for plant growth, and water‐limited agroecosystems such as grasslands are likely to be particularly sensitive to the unique spatial and temporal patterns of incident sunlight and soil water inherent within AV systems. However, the impact of resource alteration on forage production, the primary ecosystem service from managed grasslands, is poorly resolved. Here, we evaluated seasonal patterns of soil moisture (SM) and diurnal variation in incident sunlight (photosynthetic photon flux density [PPFD]) in a single‐axis‐tracking AV system established in a formerly managed semiarid C3 grassland in Colorado. Our goals were to (1) quantify dynamic patterns of PPFD and SM within a 1.2 MW PV array in a perennial grassland, and (2) determine how aboveground net primary production (ANPP) and photosynthetic parameters responded to the resource patterns created by the PV array. We hypothesized that spatial variability in ANPP would be strongly related to SM patterns, typical of most grasslands. We measured significant reductions in ANPP directly beneath PV panels, where SM and PPFD were both low. However, in locations with significantly increased SM from the shedding and redistribution of precipitation by PV panels, ANPP was not increased. Instead, ANPP was greatest in locations where plants were shaded in the afternoon but received high levels of PPFD in the morning hours, when air temperatures and vapor pressure deficits were relatively low. Thus, contrary to expectations, we found relatively weak relationships between SM and ANPP despite significant spatial variability in both. Further, there was little evidence that light‐saturated photosynthesis (Asat) and quantum yield of CO2 assimilation (ϕCO2) differed for plants growing directly beneath (lowest PPFD) versus between (highest PPFD) PV panels. Overall, the AV system established in this semiarid managed grassland did not alter patterns of ANPP in ways predictable from past studies of controls of ANPP in open grasslands. However, our results suggest that the diurnal timing of low versus high periods of PPFD incident on plants is an important determinant of productivity patterns in grasslands.
Damping‐dependent correlations between response spectral ordinates
Authors: Poulos Alan , Miranda Eduardo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCorrelations between response spectral ordinates at different periods are used in several seismic hazard computations, such as for the construction of conditional mean spectra and conditional spectra. Conventionally, these correlations have been computed and reported only for a damping ratio of 5%; however, structures may have damping ratios substantially lower or higher than 5%. Therefore, in those cases, one requires correlations of spectral ordinates at different periods but having the same damping ratios that are different than 5%, correlations of spectral ordinates at the same period but having different damping ratios, or the general case of correlation between spectral ordinates of two oscillators having different damping ratios and different periods. This work computes such damping‐dependent correlations by using the NGA‐West2 ground motion database. In general, it is found that correlations increase as the damping ratio of any of the two spectral ordinates increases and as the ratio of periods of vibration of the two oscillators departs from one. A nonlinear regression model is fitted to the resulting damping‐dependent correlations to simplify future computations. Finally, the use of the new damping‐dependent correlations is illustrated by computing example conditional spectra for damping ratios differing from 5%. The results show that using 5%‐damped correlations for the construction of condition mean spectra, overestimates spectral ordinates for damping ratios lower than 5% and underestimates spectral ordinates for damping ratios higher than 5%.
Efficient target monitoring withfault‐tolerantconnectivity in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Deepa Rajasekar , Revathi Venkataraman 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSensing coverage with fault‐tolerant connectivity is considered as a recent research challenge, which measures the Quality of Service (QoS) in wireless sensor networks. QoS is determined based on the set of deployed sensor nodes that monitor all available discrete targets lying at the given point of interest and at the same time have to retain reliable connectivity with the base station. In this article, we focus on two phases namely, monitoring targets in the given sensing area by splitting the sensor network into set covers, which is considered as a nondeterministic polynomial‐time complete problem and optimal deployment of intelligent nodes. At first, achieving full coverage with deployed sensors by covering all discrete targets to prolong the network lifetime. On the other hand, a novel S2(sensors‐spine) node approach was used to place an optimal number of intelligent nodes using a nature‐inspired algorithm named moth flame optimization to overcome the fault among the disjoints sets such that the entire network was fully connected and ensure that sensed data from each target points are collected by the sink node. To evaluate our proposed design, extensive simulations were conducted to demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed mechanism that outperforms other existing techniques found in the literature in terms of prolonged network lifetime and there is no failure in the transmission path during data transmission to the sink node at everyt s, such that the entire network was fully connected.
Failure of double filtration plasmapheresis to treat severe pemphigus vulgaris: A case report
Authors: Liu Yangai , Wang Fei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a chronic, mucocutaneous, autoimmune bullous disease. Double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) may be effective when PV fails to be controlled by conventional corticosteroid treatment. The patient was a 64‐year‐old man with erythema, blisters, and erosions on his head, face, mouth, trunk, limbs, and scrotum for over a month. He was diagnosed with severe PV, and the original rash area continued to expand after treatment with systemic corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and intravenous immunoglobulin, with massive exudate and ≥5 new blisters and macules still occurring daily. Subsequently, the patient completed three sessions of DFPP. After the first DFPP, the original erosion surface exudate was significantly reduced and gradually healed. After the second DFPP, the erosion area and exudate increased compared with the previous one. After the third DFPP, the rash did not improve further and had a tendency to continue to progress. During the entire three sessions of DFPP, the patient had new blisters and bullae on his limbs every day. The Nikolsky's sign of the limbs turned negative at the initial stage, and then the trunk and limbs Nikolsky's sign became positive again. The titer of autoantibodies did not decrease significantly after the plasmapheresis. The patient eventually died of secondary lung infection and septic shock. The efficacy of DFPP in this patient with refractory severe PV was poor.
A Phase 1 Drug‐Drug Interaction Study Between Brigatinib and the CYP3A Substrate Midazolam in Patients With ALK‐Positive or ROS1‐Positive Solid Tumors
Authors: Hanley Michael J. , D'Arcangelo Manolo , Felip Enriqueta , Garrido Pilar , Zhu Jiaxi , Ye Meng , Vranceanu Florin , Gupta Neeraj 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBrigatinib is a next‐generation anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitor approved for the treatment of patients with ALK‐positive (ALK+) non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A phase 1 drug‐drug interaction study was conducted to evaluate the effect of multiple‐dose administration of brigatinib on the single‐dose pharmacokinetics of midazolam, a sensitive cytochrome P450 3A substrate. In cycle 1, patients with ALK+ or ROS1+ solid tumors, including NSCLC, received a single 3‐mg dose of midazolam as an oral solution alone on day 1 and then coadministered with brigatinib on day 21 (brigatinib 90 mg once daily on days 2‐8; 180 mg once daily on days 9‐28). After cycle 1, patients could continue to receive brigatinib in 28‐day treatment cycles. The primary study objective was to characterize the effect of brigatinib 180 mg once daily on midazolam pharmacokinetics. The secondary objective was to assess safety. Exploratory efficacy endpoints included objective response rate and progression‐free survival. Brigatinib was generally well tolerated, and safety data were consistent with the known safety profile. Among the 10 patients with ALK+ NSCLC, the confirmed objective response rate was 30% and median progression‐free survival was 7.2 months. Coadministration of brigatinib reduced midazolam maximum observed plasma concentration by ≈16% (geometric least‐squares mean ratio, 0.836 [90%CI, 0.662‐1.056]) and area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time 0 to infinity by ≈26% (geometric least‐squares mean ratio, 0.741 [90%CI, 0.600‐0.915]). Thus, brigatinib is a weak inducer of cytochrome P450 3A in vivo.
U‐shaped relationship between subcutaneous adipose tissue index and mortality in liver cirrhosis
Authors: Zhu Menghua , Li Hongyu , Yin Yue , Ding Min , Philips Cyriac Abby , Romeiro Fernando Gomes , Qi Xingshun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundSubcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues are important body components, but their effects on the mortality in patients with liver cirrhosis remain controversial based on the current evidence.MethodsWe retrospectively identified 372 eligible patients in whom subcutaneous adipose tissue index (SATI) and visceral adipose tissue index (VATI) could be measured by computed tomography images at the third lumbar vertebra. The association of SATI and VATI with the risk of death was evaluated on a continuous scale with restricted cubic spline curves based on Cox proportional hazards models. Cumulative probability of mortality was estimated by Nelson–Aalen cumulative risk curve analyses. Independent predictors of death were evaluated by competing risk analyses after adjusting for age, sex, and model for end‐stage liver disease score.ResultsMajority of patients were male (69.4%) with a mean age of 55.40 ± 10.68 years. SATI had a U‐shaped association with mortality (P for non‐linearity <0.001). Cutoff values of SATI were 19.7 and 51.8 cm2/m2 at the points where hazard ratios were just <1.2. SATI was categorized as low (<19.7 cm2/m2), moderate (19.7–51.8 cm2/m2), and high (>51.8 cm2/m2) level. There was no significant difference in the cumulative probability of mortality between low versus moderate SATI groups (Gray's test, P = 0.052) and high versus moderate SATI groups (Gray's test, P = 0.054). Competing risk analyses demonstrated that low SATI could increase the mortality compared with moderate SATI (subdistribution hazard ratio [sHR] = 1.66, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.992–2.78, P = 0.054) and was an independent predictor of death (sHR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.059–3.28, P = 0.031). Competing risk analyses also demonstrated that high SATI could significantly increase the mortality compared with moderate SATI (sHR = 1.6, 95% CI: 1–2.54, P = 0.049), and was an independent predictor of death (sHR = 2.007, 95% CI: 1.195–3.37, P = 0.0085). VATI had an irregularly shaped association with mortality (P for non‐linearity <0.001). Cutoff values of VATI were 9.8 and 40.2 cm2/m2 at the points where hazard ratios were just <1.2. VATI was categorized as low (<9.8 cm2/m2), moderate (9.8–40.2 cm2/m2), and high (>40.2 cm2/m2) level. There was no significant difference in the cumulative probability of mortality between low versus moderate VATI groups (Gray's test, P = 0.381) and high versus moderate VATI groups (Gray's test, P = 0.787). Competing risk analyses demonstrated that neither low (sHR = 1.27, 95% CI: 0.599–2.7, P = 0.53) nor high VATI (sHR = 0.848, 95% CI: 0.539–1.34, P = 0.48) was an independent predictor of death compared with moderate VATI.ConclusionsBoth excessive deficiency and accumulation of subcutaneous adipose tissues negatively influence the outcomes of cirrhotic patients.
Photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanoparticles synthesized from zinc nitrate and botanical extracts of neem, chrysanthemum, Mexican marigold and shiitake mushroom
Authors: López‐López Juan R. , Tejeda‐Ochoa Armando , Cervantes‐Gaxiola Maritza E. , Herrera‐Ramirez José M. , Méndez‐Herrera Perla F. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundGreen synthesis emerges as a need to obtain functional materials, but this also involves following certain principles that imply methods and inputs that are friendlier to health and the environment. A wide variety of materials can be synthesized under these principles, one of them being ZnO, which can be used for environmental, electronic and biomedical applications to mention a few. In this work, ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using aqueous extracts of neem, chrysanthemum, Mexican marigold and shiitake mushroom and subsequently used to degrade methylene blue (MB) under solar light irradiation. The NPs were characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis to investigate the structural, optical and electronic properties of the NPs.ResultsThe results indicate the formation of hemispherical NPs with aggregates in a size range of 5.38–28.37 nm. All the samples presented a hexagonal wurtzite crystalline structure. The best photocatalytic performance for MB degradation was shown by ZnO NPs obtained using Mexican marigold (0.0873 ± 0.008 min−1) followed by those obtained using shiitake mushroom (0.0602 ± 0.002 min−1), neem (0.0365 ± 0.02 min−1) and chrysanthemum (0.0357 ± 0.01 min−1).ConclusionsBotanical aqueous extracts have the potential to be used in the synthesis of semiconductor materials, as they allow the modification of the size and band gap. Many of the phytochemicals present in the extracts help to improve the interaction between catalyst and pollutants, in this case MB, and therefore have a positive impact on the degradation of textile pollutants. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
ECHOprovides layer‐specific insight of both myocardial deformation and microcirculation dysfunction in dilated cardiomyopathy patients: Clinical value of combined application of left ventricular layer‐specific strain and myocardial contrast echocardiography
Authors: Tang Sha , Guan Lina , Tayier Baihetiya , Mu Yuming 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimTo investigate the pattern of left ventricular (LV) function and myocardial perfusion and their relationship in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) patients using layer‐specific speckle tracking imaging (STI) and layer‐specific myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE).Material and MethodsThirty DCM patients and 30 controls were recruited and underwent STI and MCE examination. The peak values of longitudinal strain (LS), circumferential strain (CS) of each layer of LV were recorded and compared between groups. Additionally, cross‐sectional area of a microvessel (A) and average myocardial microvascular lesion (β) of each layer were measured, myocardial blood flow (MBF) was estimated using A × β, above parameters were compared between two groups.ResultsThe LS of endo‐ (LSendo), mid‐ (LSmid) and epicardium (LSepi), as well as CS of endo‐ (RSendo), mid‐ (RSmid), (LSepi) epicardium and LS endo/epi, CS endo/epi were significantly decreased in DCM patients. More importantly, DCM patients demonstrated decreased A, β and A × β in all three myocardium layers and A endo/epi, β endo/epi, A × β endo/epi compared to the controls. The time to peak and the cardiac cycle required to reach the peak were prolonged in DCM patients (p < 0.05). Longitudinal strain parameters of each layer had a negative relationship with perfusion parameter A and this relationship was strongest between LSendo and Aendo (r = 0.690,p < 0.01).ConclusionsThe cardiac strain and, more importantly, coronary microcirculation perfusion was impaired in each layer in DCM patients. The longitudinal function of the LV myocardium was closely related to changes in myocardial microcirculation perfusion.