bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between understanding of gender and LGBTQ and brain health with a focus on the triple network
Authors: Otsuka Taiko , Kokubun Keisuke , Okamoto Maya , Yamakawa Yoshinori 
Published: June 2023

SummaryVarious studies have been conducted mainly in the fields of social sciences to address the lack of understanding of diversity in Japan regarding gender, LGBTQ, etc., but little progress has been made in promoting diversity in society. In this study, we aimed to clarify the specific brain states of people who have a high understanding of diversity (gender and LGBTQ) using the gray matter brain healthcare quotient (GM-BHQ), a brain health index obtained by MRI image analysis, and the results of a psychological questionnaire on diversity. As a result of the analysis, the GM-BHQ of the Central Executive Network (CEN) tended to be significantly higher than the estimated values from age, gender, and BMI in the group with a high understanding of gender equality. GM-BHQ of the Salience Network (SN) also tended to be relatively high. In addition, the GM-BHQ of SN, default mode network (DMN), and CEN, as well as whole brain GM-BHQ were significantly higher among those with a high understanding of LGBTQ than the estimated values. These results suggest that understanding diversity requires a healthy brain centered on the triple network that governs rational judgment, emotional adjustment, recognition of others, self-recognition, and value judgment of behavior.
Nutritional status of under-5 Rohingya children admitted for diarrheal diseases in primary health centers in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh
Authors: Al Fidah Md. Fuad , Efa Syeda Sumaiya , Hossain Md. Emam , Haider Tanvir , Roy Dipankor 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundOne of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in under-5 children is Diarrhea. Malnutrition, in association with the diarrheal disease, affects children negatively. In 2018, Bangladesh saw a massive influx of Rohingya people, with almost 29% of under-5 children.ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the nutritional status of under-5 Rohingya children admitted with acute diarrheal diseases at the primary health centers at Cox’s Bazar.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted among the diarrhea affected under-5 Rohingya children who reported to primary health centers at cox’s bazar. The study was conducted from January to December 2018. The primary caregivers of 276 children who were affected with diarrhea were the respondents. Data were collected by face-to-face interview and record review using a semi-structured questionnaire and checklist respectively. All ethical issues were maintained strictly.ResultsThe majority (60.1%) of the participants were male. Only 2.9% of the participants reported passing of visible blood in stool. Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) was not taken by most of the participants (50.7%) before visit to the hospital. The mean (±SD) age was 18.54 (±12.44) months. Among the participants, 41.3% had underweight (<-2 WAZ score). Statistically, a significant relationship was found between the age of the participants and underweight (p<0.05) with a moderate effect size (Φ=0.21).ConclusionThe study findings would be helpful to identify the need for raising awareness among caregivers of under-5 children regarding the use for ORS and contribute to reducing morbidity and mortality associated with malnutrition and diarrhea, and improving their overall health outcomes.
Disentangling protein metabolic costs in human cells and tissues
Authors: Chagoyen Mónica , Poyatos Juan F 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMany intrinsic functional characteristics of cells and tissues shape their genome-wide expression patterns. But what other factors might also modulate these patterns are not fully known. Here, we revisit the general model of costs in which the protein products of highly expressed genes should be short and made up of biosynthetically cheap amino acids. We first use single-cell expression data from a collection of human cell types to confirm this model with a twist: the most highly expressed proteins tend to be particularly short and use expensive amino acids. By clustering how these two factors change with expression across all cell types, we identified a set of archetypal profiles that uniquely balance costs and that occur at different proportion across cell types. Similar profiles were also found by examining the expression data of tissues, which allowed us to recognize those following a more or less costly strategy. We then asked how this model might delineate the expression changes seen in a tumor relative to its normal solid tissue, as it has been argued that energy constraints determine cancer progression. We discovered a strong signal for the overexpression of biosynthetically cheap compact genes in cancer tissues. Our work highlights how both aspects of the metabolic cost of a protein, length and amino acid biosynthesis, represent valuable measures for understanding the different levels of biological organization and also the differences between health and disease.
Trazodone rescues dysregulated synaptic and mitochondrial nascent translatomes in prion neurodegeneration
Authors: Albert-Gasco Hector , Smith Heather L. , Alvarez-Castelao Beatriz , Swinden Dean , Halliday Mark , Janaki-Raman Sudha , Butcher Adrian , Mallucci Giovanna R 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe unfolded protein response (UPR) is rapidly gaining momentum as a therapeutic target for protein misfolding neurodegenerative diseases, in which its overactivation results in sustained translational repression leading to synapse loss and neurodegeneration. In mouse models of these disorders, from Alzheimer’s to prion disease, modulation of the pathway - including by the licensed drug, trazodone - restores global protein synthesis rates with profound neuroprotective effects. However, the precise nature of the translational impairment, in particular the specific proteins affected in disease, and their response to therapeutic UPR modulation are poorly understood. We used non-canonical amino acid tagging (NCAT) to measurede novoprotein synthesis in the brains of prion-diseased mice with and without trazodone treatment, in both whole hippocampus and cell-specifically. During disease the predominant translatome changes occur in synaptic, cytoskeletal and mitochondrial proteins in both hippocampal neurons and astrocytes. Remarkably, trazodone treatment for just two weeks largely restored the whole disease translatome in the hippocampus to that of healthy, uninfected mice, predominantly with recovery of proteins involved in synaptic and mitochondrial function. In parallel, trazodone treatment restored the disease-associated decline in synapses and mitochondria and their function to wildtype levels. In conclusion, this study increases our understanding of how translational repression contributes to neurodegeneration through synaptic and mitochondrial toxicity via depletion of key proteins essential for their function. Further, it provides new insights into the neuroprotective mechanisms of trazodone through reversal of this toxicity, relevant for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases via translational modulation.
The apoplastic space of two wheat genotypes provide highly different environment for pathogen colonization: Insights from proteome and microbiome profiling
Authors: Francisco Carolina Sardinha , Abukhalaf Mohammad , Igelmann Clara , Gustke Johanna , Habig Michael , Cassidy Liam , Tholey Andreas , Stukenbrock Eva Holtgrewe 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTThe intercellular space comprising the plant apoplast harbors a diverse range of microorganisms. The apoplastic interface represents the main compartment for interactions between proteins produced and secreted by the plant and the microbial endophytes. The outcomes of these interactions can play a role in plant cell wall metabolism, stress tolerance, and plant-pathogen resistance. So far the underlying factors that determine microbiota composition in the apoplast are not fully understood. However, it is considered that cell wall composition, nutrient availability, and the plant immune system are main determinants of microbiota composition. The plant immune system is considered to play a crucial role in modulating microbiota composition through the recognition of specific microbe-associated molecular patterns and the activation of defense responses. Hereby the plant may restrict non-beneficial microbial members and facilitate the propagation of beneficial ones. In this study, we investigated changes in the apoplastic environment during pathogen invasion using wheat as a model system. Infection of wheat with Zymoseptoria tritici, a fungal pathogen, resulted in notable alterations in the apoplast composition, reduced microbial diversity, and the accumulation of antimicrobial defense metabolites. Intriguingly, certain core microbial members persisted even in the presence of pathogen-induced immune responses, indicating their ability to evade or tolerate host immune defenses. To further explore these dynamics, we developed a protocol for extracting apoplastic fluids from wheat leaves and conducted proteome analyses to characterize the dynamic environment of the wheat leaves. Our findings uncovered a highly variable apoplastic environment that selects for microbes with specific adaptations. Notably, a core microbial community enriched in the resistant wheat cultivar exhibited antagonistic activity against Z. tritici, suggesting a potential role in conferring pathogen defense. This study advances our understanding of the dynamic interactions and adaptations of the wheat apoplastic microbiota during pathogen invasion, emphasizing the pivotal role of microbial interactions in pathogen defenses.
Application of ethical AI requirements to an AI solution use-case in healthcare domain
Authors: Pourzolfaghar Zohreh , Alfano Marco , Helfert Markus 
Published: June 2023

PurposeThis paper aims to describe the results of applying ethical AI requirements to a healthcare use case. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of using open educational resources for Trustworthy AI to provide recommendations to an AI solution within the healthcare domain.Design/methodology/approachThis study utilizes the Hackathon method as its research methodology. Hackathons are short events where participants share a common goal. The purpose of this to determine the efficacy of the educational resources provided to the students. To achieve this objective, eight teams of students and faculty members participated in the Hackathon. The teams made suggestions for healthcare use case based on the knowledge acquired from educational resources. A research team based at the university hosting the Hackathon devised the use case. The healthcare research team participated in the Hackathon by presenting the use case and subsequently analysing and evaluating the utility of the outcomes.FindingsThe Hackathon produced a framework of proposed recommendations for the introduced healthcare use case, in accordance with the EU's requirements for Trustworthy AI.Research limitations/implicationsThe educational resources have been applied to one use-case.Originality/valueThis is the first time that open educational resources for Trustworthy AI have been utilized in higher education, making this a novel study. The university hosting the Hackathon has been the coordinator for the Trustworthy AI Hackathon (as partner to Trustworthy AI project).
Unmasking healthcare supply chain cost drivers in the United States
Authors: Essila Jean C. , Motwani Jaideep 
Published: June 2023

PurposeThis study aims to focus on the supply chain (SC) cost drivers of healthcare industries in the USA, as SC costs have increased 40% over the last decade. The second-most significant expense, the SC, accounts for 38% of total expenses in a typical hospital, while most other industries can operate within 10% of their operating cost. This makes healthcare centers supply-chain-sensitive organizations with limited facilities for high-quality healthcare services. As the cost drivers of healthcare SC are almost unknown to managers, their jobs become more complex.Design/methodology/approachGuided by pragmatism and positivism paradigms, a cross-sectional study has been designed using quantitative and deductive approaches. Both primary and secondary data were used. Primary data were collected from health centers across the country, and secondary data were from healthcare-related databases. This study examined the attributes that explain the most significant variation in each contributing factor. With multiple regression analysis for predicting cost and Student's t-tests for the significance of contributing factors, the authors of this study examined different theories, including the market-based view and five-forces, network and transaction cost analysis.FindingsThis study revealed that supply, materials and services represent the most significant expenses in primary care. Supply-chain cost breakdown results in four critical factors: facility, inventory, information and transportation.Research limitations/implicationsThis study examined the data from primary and secondary care institutions. Tertiary and quaternary care systems were not included. Although tertiary and quaternary care systems represent a small portion of the healthcare system, future research should address the supply chain costs of highly specialized organizations.Practical implicationsThis study suggests methods that can help to improve supply chain operations in healthcare organizations worldwide.Originality/valueThis study presents an empirically proven methodology for testing the statistical significance of the primary factors contributing to healthcare supply chain costs. The results of this study may lead to positive policy changes to improve healthcare organizations' efficiency and increase access to high-quality healthcare.
What do online reviews communicate? An evidence from emerging economy
Authors: Ahmed Salahuddin , Singh Sapna , Samala Nagaraj 
Published: June 2023

PurposeOnline brand is becoming a popular and major gateway for consumers for booking various services specifically when they travel for several purposes. The present study aims to explore whether exposure to two separate yet similar modes of communication intervene consumer's brand trust and their subsequent loyalty intention toward the brand. The study further aims to investigate whether consumer's price consciousness has any influence on association between brand trust and brand loyalty in the process of decision -making.Design/methodology/approachThe present study follows a different approach to data collection. The data have been retrieved from online brand (Oyo) page on Facebook through Google Form application. In all, 289 useable responses were retrieved from the travelers aged between 18 and 30. Structural equation modeling using SPSS 25.0 and Amos 26.0 has been applied to examine the effects of brand communication and online reviews on brand loyalty through brand trust.FindingsEmpirical evidence supports that even after having strong brand communication, online reviews play a crucial role in consumer's brand loyalty through brand trust. The study further reveals that price consciousness acts as a significant moderator in the relationship between consumer's brand trust and brand loyalty.Practical implicationsThe current research contributes to the online brand and marketing knowledge by empirically showing the pertinence of consumer–brand relationship in an online brand context through a parsimonious model by examining how the two distinct mechanisms of communication influences consumer brand trust and loyalty intention.Originality/valueThe parsimonious framework of consumer–brand relationship adds to explicating the dual marketing challenges of communication and to draw a positive consumer response (i.e. consumer brand loyalty). The study attempts to examine the impact of two distinct yet identical modes of communication which facilitate shaping consumer brand trust that reinforce the strategic value of the circumstance and equips it with solid theoretical structure within an endeavor of the strategic significance of online brand managers.
The Beijing Winter Olympics is different! Or is it?: integration and revalidation of residents’ mega-event perceptions and support models
Authors: Chen Ning (Chris) , Chen Xi , Hall Colin Michael , Li Biyun , Wang Xueli , Wang Lingen 
Published: June 2023

Purpose
This study aims to integrate and revalidate previously proposed various structural models in understanding residents’ attitudes and behaviors in relation to mega-events before the events.

Design/methodology/approach
This study focussed on the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics and used a questionnaire-based quantitative survey prior these events. A PLS-SEM analysis was run on a sample of 473 residents, in testing relationships between residents’ trust, perceived impacts, support for hosting and subjective well-being.

Findings
Results revalidate propositions from previous research, but suggest key contextual differences in light of biosecurity risks. Residents’ perceived positive (cultural) and negative (environmental) impacts affect their support for mega-events, and their perceived positive (economic and cultural) and negative (social) impacts affect their subjective well-being. Variances in the relationships were found for those who perceive a high biosecurity risk.

Research limitations/implications
The data were collected from one mega-event, and thus the findings of this study are highly contextualized.

Practical implications
This research suggest that mega-event organizers should put effort into promoting the benefits of hosting mega-events and work collaboratively with stakeholders to reduce potential negative costs and risks as well as increase resident well-being via bringing in economic and cultural benefits.

Social implications
This research focusses on social well-being during and post COVID in relation to the hosting of a mega-event.

Originality/value
The data were collected from the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, a mega-event that, because of COVID-19 and restricted spectator flows, potentially had characteristics quite different from that of other Winter Olympics or sporting mega-events.
The paradigm of peace enhancing peace culture
Authors: Esho Esther Oreofeoluwa 
Published: June 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine peace as a paradigm for promoting peace culture.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper amalgamates paradigmatic concepts, insights and analytical writing while building on existing literature.

Findings
The findings of this research suggest that the paradigm of peace can be used as a model to promote peace culture and harmony in the 21st century, which is characterized by “hyper” and “super” diversity. Diversity is everywhere, including schools, workplaces and marketplaces. Diversity is very complex and encompasses nearly every element of human life. Diversity should not only be based on the race, culture, ethnicity, religion or gender of an individual. Diversity should be based on the uniqueness of an individual. The fact that we live in a diverse world does not mean that we cannot coexist harmoniously. This paper explores the paradigm of peace research by focusing on how it enhances peace culture to thrive amidst diversity. This study also illustrates that peace and conflict studies cannot be restricted to the resolution of war, violence and conflict. It can likewise aid us in addressing cultural, racial, religious and ethnic concerns. In addition, this research demonstrates that encouraging positive peace (and discouraging negative peace) can be used as a deterrent against violence, including war and conflict. Furthermore, this paper demonstrates the significance of personal peace and some other types of peace. It demonstrates that inner peace combined with external peace yields personal peace. Therefore, an individual may not be able to enjoy the holistic values of personal peace without inner and external peace. Also, this research indicates that encouraging a daily culture of peace can assist us in becoming quotidian agents of peace.

Originality/value
Most publications focused on peace and conflict but made no connection between peace and culture. In addition, the majority of publications did not discuss peace as a paradigm that can aid in promoting a culture of peace and nonviolence. In addition, most papers did not link peace culture with diversity. Moreover, the majority of studies did not connect peace with the environment. This study addresses these gaps by introducing peace as a paradigm for fostering a culture of peace amidst diversity in the 21st century. This paper introduces peace as a paradigm for promoting nonviolence, peace culture and harmony. This study also emphasizes the need for environmental peace, thereby increasing awareness of the problems that affect the planet. This study also includes a discussion of positive and negative peace, as well as other definitions and viewpoints of peace. It also underlines the importance of establishing positive peace. This paper can be used as an introductory pathway to understanding the intriguing aspect of peace that fosters a peace culture if practiced adequately and why a peace culture is important in a world of diversity.
Inflation and energy poverty: threshold effect of governance quality in Africa
Authors: Mawutor John Kweku Mensah , Gborse Freeman Christian , Agbanyo Richard , Sogah Ernest 
Published: June 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to test the modulating role and threshold of governance quality in the cost of living–energy poverty nexus.Design/methodology/approachTwo-step System Generalized Methods of Moment empirical model with linear interaction between cost of living and governance quality was estimated. This study used data on 40 African countries over 20 years (2000–2019).FindingsThe paper shows that the conditional effect of inflation on energy poverty is negative. Thus, governance quality acts as a moderator on the relationship between inflation and energy poverty beyond a threshold. The study's principal practical implication is that governance quality reverses inflation's positive unconditional effect on energy poverty, and governance quality may be improved beyond specific policy-defined thresholds to achieve the desired goal of lowering energy poverty. Nonetheless, governance quality at initial stages would not drive the needed reduction in energy poverty unless it goes beyond the threshold of 0.03, 0.02 and 0.07.Research limitations/implicationsThis study recommends that policymakers should initiate policies that would ensure increased access to clean energy.Originality/valueThis study's main contributions are that the authors estimated the threshold beyond which governance quality reverses the adverse impact of inflation on energy poverty. Further, the authors have shown that governance quality is a catalyst to reduce energy poverty.