bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Critical Review on Properties of PCM-Incorporated Cementitious Building Materials
Authors: Das Rahul , Gandhi Indu Siva Ranjani , Palanisamy Muthukumar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Addressing the current global warming issues and carbon dioxide emission, the prime objective of the construction industry sector today is to develop energy-efficient environmentally friendly techniques to reduce thermal fluctuation inside buildings. Because phase change material (PCM) has good energy storage and release capacity, many researchers have shown interest in implementing PCM to increase thermal inertia of various building materials such as concrete, mortar, and gypsum board. PCM-incorporated building material is reported to reduce building energy consumption, shift peak energy demand, and reduce thermal swing, leading to improved thermal comfort inside the building. In addition to the aforementioned benefits, there are several other economic benefits and environmental benefits, as discussed in various sections in this paper. Although the use of PCM in buildings has a lot of advantages, it has some negative impacts on fresh state properties, mechanical behavior, and durability-related properties of building materials. However, it is to be noted that the extent of negative impact is dependent on the type of PCM, incorporation technique, dosage of PCM, and encapsulation material, which are also critically reviewed in this paper. To summarize, this paper provides a systematic classification of the literature on PCM in building materials in terms of properties of different types of PCM; PCM incorporation methods; effect of PCM on fresh state, mechanical, durability, and thermal properties of concrete; and various benefits of PCM. This paper also provides structured insight into various issues that hamper PCM’s robustness and commercial viability in buildings. Furthermore, challenges and recommendations are provided by summarizing the significant research gaps from the literature.
Experimental Study on Sliding at the Soil-Structure Interface of a Shallow Foundation
Authors: Shahraki Marzieh , Tessari Anthony , Bolisetti Chandrakanth , Kurt Efe , Kim Kyungtae 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The interaction between a foundation and its supporting soil involves several different energy dissipation mechanisms. For example, sliding of a foundation element is a soil-structure interaction component that can alter the seismic demand on a foundation as well as its superstructure. Experimental data from tests with realistic boundary and stress conditions is required to characterize the frictional properties at the soil-foundation interfaces in order to model sliding of shallow foundations. To this end, a series of large-scale monotonic laboratory shear tests were performed to study the interface between a shallow concrete foundation element and Ottawa F-55 sand under varying normal pressures, shearing rates, and foundation surface roughnesses and textures. The soil-foundation interface behavior was evaluated through a combination of global measurements of force and displacement, as well as by capturing the localized effects around the interface. This article describes the dependency of the interface behavior on each of the aforementioned variables. The results indicate that when subrounded fine sand comes into contact with surfaces of varying roughness, it exhibits different shear resistance behaviors. The findings further reveal insights into the dependency of the interface frictional characteristics and shear failure zone on the real area of contact, which includes irregularities on the surface. The data further utilized to study the impact of adopting different interface friction assumptions on the finite element model’s interface shear response being subjected to monotonic loading. Using the internal friction angle, or a factored down value, as an estimation for interface friction may lead to an erroneous or unconservative prediction of the superstructure response.
Compaction Characteristics of Organo-silane Treated Soils
Authors: Saulick Yunesh , Malisher Mackenzie L. , Familusi Adams , Daniels John L. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The extent to which hydrophobic soils can be used in geotechnical engineering practice depends upon a commensurately increased understanding of how fundamental relationships apply in hydrophobic systems, such as moisture-density. This research is to determine the compaction characteristics of organo-silane (OS) treated soils using conventional geotechnical laboratory equipment. The intrinsic difficulty in lubricating hydrophobic soils, which would allow for rearrangement of particles and subsequent compaction, arises from their inherent low surface energy. This work describes a method for compacting OS treated soils that leverages the necessary conditions such as reaction time and drying conditions for achieving hydrophobicity. Procedural steps for compacting OS treated soils are detailed by making use of a water-soluble hydrophobizing agent added to a fine-grained soil. Based on the critical dosage ratio of 1:100 (hydrophobizing agent: soil) identified, a molding water content is defined constituting of a fraction of the hydrophobizing agent. Soil water content and dry density curves are developed using the standard Proctor and Harvard miniature to contrast the resulting effect of OS. Compared to the untreated soil, a decrease in optimum water content was observed with the OS treated soil regardless of compaction technique used. For the standard Proctor test, a decrease in optimum water content from 12.0 to 9.2 % was observed, whereas compaction with the Harvard miniature showed a marginal decrease from 9.3 to 9.0 %. With the untreated soil, a relatively larger maximum dry density (2.17 g/cm3) was obtained with the standard Proctor compared to the Harvard miniature (2.05 g/cm3). The protocol defined to compact OS treated soils has shown to induce hydrophobicity spatially within the sample depth. These results suggest that engineered water repellency can be implemented in so far as treatment and compaction are largely synchronous and prior to reaction and hydrophobization.
The Effect of Rice Husk on the Variability of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Composites
Authors: Mendes Maria Paula , Raimundo Ana , Bimbati Marina , Nogueira Rita , Flores-Colen Inês , de Brito Jorge 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Rice husk (RH) is one of the most commonly grown and consumed cereals in the world. Because of its low nutritional value, it is not commonly used as a food or fertilizer. Instead, it is often burned or landfilled. To develop RH-based composites for thermal and acoustic nonstructural applications, a balance between achieving satisfactory performance in physical and mechanical properties is essential as well as ensuring reliability and predictability in the behavior of the composites. The inclusion of RH in composites can result in increased variability in their performance because of the husk’s elastic behavior during compaction and its hydrophilic properties. The RH used in the study was collected from Baixo Mondego, Portugal, and approximately 90 % of the particles had sizes ranging from 1 to 4 mm. To reduce cement usage, different mixtures were produced and categorized based on the use of two types of cement, varying percentages of limestone filler, and different quantities of RH. Robust descriptive and inferential statistics (Student’s t-test and Mann–Whitney U test) were employed to analyze the variability of physical and mechanical properties in 10 different RH-based composites. A study was conducted to assess whether a specific mixture formula within a given group exhibited consistent behavior across different batches or yielded intrinsically different results. This helps to identify the key adaptations required in the industrial process of incorporating this biomaterial into composites. The results have shown that it is possible to produce RH-based composites with less variability of performance and potential for nonstructural applications. In this case, cement CEMI/A-L 42.5 R type with limestone filler addition and paste-to-RH ratio by volume between 1.54 and 2.22 was the most sustainable mix design because it had a small variability of results and reduced the cement content.
Bloqueos supraescapular e interescalénico como analgesia después de la reparación artroscópica del manguito rotador: estudio de cohorte comparativo retrospectivo
Authors: Rojas Lievano Jorge , Salas Mercedes , Salas Corina , Suarez Ana María , Fierro Guido , González Juan Carlos 
Published: August 2023

Introducción: El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la eficacia de los bloqueos interescalénico y supraescapular, solos y combinados, como analgesia posoperatoria en las primeras 3 horas tras la reparación artroscópica del manguito rotador.
Materiales y Métodos: Estudio de cohorte comparativo retrospectivo, realizado entre 2019 y 2021. El criterio de valoración principal fue el puntaje del dolor de hombro en la sala de recuperación evaluado con una escala analógica visual por el paciente. Los criterios de valoración secundarios fueron el consumo de opioides en la sala de recuperación y las complicaciones de la anestesia locorregional.
Resultados: Se incluyó a 175 pacientes, 13 en el grupo de bloqueo interescalénico, 61 en el grupo de bloqueos interescalénico más supraescapular y 101 en el grupo de bloqueo supraescapular. Los grupos de bloqueo interescalénico y de bloqueo interescalénico más supraescapular tuvieron significativamente menos dolor en la sala de recuperación y una tasa total menor de opioides consumidos en miligramos equivalentes de morfina que el grupo de bloqueo supraescapular (p = 0,001 y p <0,01, respectivamente). No hubo diferencias significativas en el dolor ni el consumo de opioides entre el bloqueo interescalénico solo ocombinado con bloqueo supraescapular.
Conclusiones: El bloqueo interescalénico fue más eficaz que el bloqueo supraescapular para aliviar el dolor y disminuir el consumo de opioides en la sala de recuperación tras la reparación artroscópica del manguito rotador. La combinación de bloqueo interescalénico más bloqueo supraescapular no resultó en un incremento de la eficacia, y se sugiere no combinar estas dos técnicas.
Originais Netflix
Authors: De Marchi Leonardo , Martins Ladeira João 
Published: August 2023

A Netflix se tornou determinante para a consolidação do mercado audiovisual digital no Brasil. A partir de 2016, com a websérie 3%, a empresa passou a investir em produções brasileira para compor o catálogo de seu selo Originais Netflix. Não obstante ter se tornado um produtor de conteúdos, pouco se tem discutido sua participação na indústria audiovisual brasileira. Este artigo apresenta uma análise da Netflix no Brasil a partir do mapeamento das produções autorais do selo Originais Netflix entre 2016 e 2019. As considerações finais indicam que, a despeito do êxito de alguns de seus produtos, a Netflix não se coloca como um produtor relevante de conteúdo audiovisual no Brasil.
Current Concepts in Patellar Tendinopathy
Authors: Sugrañes Joan , Jackson Garrett R. , Mameri Enzo S. , Schundler Sabrina , Obioha Obianuju A. , Pascual Tomás A. , Chahla Jorge 
Published: August 2023

» Approximately 1 in 3 high-impact athletes develops patellar tendinopathy (PT), with the proximal insertion of the patellar tendon being the most commonly affected anatomical site.» Nonoperative treatment options are effective in reducing pain and restoring functionality in most patients with PT. However, operative intervention should be considered when conservative management fails.» A comprehensive review of the literature on surgical procedures, including both open and arthroscopic approaches, was conducted with a specific focus on clinical outcomes and return to sports.» Both open surgery and arthroscopic surgery for PT have demonstrated favorable success rates and return-to-sport outcomes, with arthroscopic treatment potentially expediting the recovery process.
Assessing wildfire hazard in the wildland-urban interfaces (WUIs) of Central Portugal
Authors: Nunes Adélia , Figueiredo Albano , Pinto Carlos Daniel , Lourenço Luciano 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

In Portugal, as in other parts of the world, the rapid growth of housing in and near the wildland–urban interface (WUI) increases the wildfire risk to lives and structures. To reduce this risk, it is necessary to identify WUI housing areas that are more susceptible to fire. The goal of our study was to assess wildfire hazard in the Central Region of Portugal and also in the contact with the 60 373 km of WUIs existing in the study area. The degree to which wildfire is a hazard to the landscape and the different urban interfaces areas was assessed using the spatial arrangement of land use/land cover (LULC), topography and historical incidence of burnt area. The results show that in more than half of the Central Region territory the wildfire hazard is high or very high, however, most of the WUI are in contact with low or very low hazard classes, in a total of 87% of the segments. The LULC analysis in the different wildfire Hazard classes in WUI contact areas shows that agricultural crops are predominant in the low and very low hazard classes, while in the very high and high hazard classes shrub communities, and coniferous and scrub forests dominate, respectively. These results suggest that agricultural land around isolated houses and villages can act as a buffer against wildfires. The analysis of spatial variations in wildfire hazards at landscape/municipal and at the WUI level can assist in designing appropriate prevention measures and improving the effectiveness of fire prevention, however wildfire patterns depend on several other variables that need to be included in the wildfire risk analysis.
Friction Crush Welding of Dissimilar Materials: Numerical Modelling and Experimental Investigation
Authors: Kumar Ashu , Brar Gurinder Singh , Singh Prem 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Several present day applications require joining of dissimilar materials by solid state processes. In this research work, two dissimilar metals – Aluminium and Steel were joined with a newly developed Friction Crush Welding (FCW) process. Macro-structure images along with X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) pattern were used to investigate the prepared samples. This work also aims to develop a novel Finite Element (FE) model based on ABAQUS for FCW of Aluminium-Steel materials. The numerical model was developed as a three-dimensional, explicit non-linear model utilising the Lagrange technique in ABAQUS. The developed FE model was validated by comparing the simulation results with experimental temperature data obtained by infrared thermography. The predicted temperature values from FE model are in excellent agreement with the experimentally measured values. The influence of welding variables, i.e., tool rotational speed (2000, 3000 and 4000 rpm) and welding speed (15, 30 and 45 mm/min) on temperature was also investigated. Results show that best weld structure is obtained when welding is performed at speed of 30 mm/min and tool rotational speed of 3000 rpm. The developed FE model of the FCW process may be used for predicting the temperatures and predicting the weld structure.
Oral SARS-CoV-2 host responses predict the early COVID-19 disease course
Authors: Seaman William T , Keener Olive , Mei Wenwen , Mollan Katie R , Jones Corbin D , Pettifor Audrey , Bowman Natalie M , Wang Frank , Webster-Cyriaque Jennifer 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objectives: Oral fluids provide ready detection of Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and host responses. This study sought to determine relationships between oral virus, oral anti-SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies, and symptoms.
Methods: Saliva/throat wash (saliva/TW) were collected from asymptomatic and symptomatic, nasopharyngeal (NP) SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR+, subjects (n=47). SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR, N-antigen detection by immunoblot and lateral flow assay (LFA) were performed. RT-qPCR targeting viral subgenomic RNA (sgRNA) was sequence confirmed. SARS-CoV-2-anti-S protein RBD LFA assessed IgM and IgG responses. Structural analysis identified host salivary molecules analogous to SARS-CoV-2-N-antigen. Statistical analyses were performed.
Results: At baseline, LFA-detected N-antigen was immunoblot-confirmed in 82% of TW. However, only 3/17 were saliva/TW qPCR+. Sixty percent of saliva and 83% of TW demonstrated persistent N-antigen at 4 weeks. N-antigen LFA signal in three negative subjects suggested potential cross-detection of 4 structurally analogous salivary RNA binding proteins (alignment 19-29aa, RMSD 1-1.5 Angstroms). At entry, symptomatic subjects demonstrated replication-associated sgRNA junctions, were IgG+ (94%/100% in saliva/TW), and IgM+ (75%/63%). At 4 weeks, SARS-CoV-2 IgG (100%/83%) and IgM (80%/67%) persisted. Oral IgG correlated 100% with NP+PCR status. Cough and fatigue severity (p=0.0008 and 0.016), and presence of nausea, weakness, and composite upper respiratory symptoms (p=0.005, 0.037 and 0.017) were negatively associated with oral IgM. Female oral IgM levels were higher than male (p=0.056).
Conclusion: Important to transmission and disease course, oral viral replication and persistence showed clear relationships with select symptoms, early Ig responses, and gender during early infection. N-antigen cross-reactivity may reflect mimicry of structurally analogous host proteins.
Ceftazidime/avibactam combined with colistin: a novel attempt to treat carbapenem- resistant gram-negative bacilli infection
Authors: Zheng Zihao , Shao Ziqiang , Lu Lihai , Tang Siyu , Shi Kai , Gong Fangxiao , Liu Jingquan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The rapid global emergence and spread of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli (CRO) is recognized as a major public health concern, and there are currently few effective treatments for CRO infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with CRO infections treated with ceftazidime/avibactam (CAZ/AVI) combined with colistin from October 2019 to February 2023 in China.
Methods
A total of 31 patients with CRO infections were retrospectively identified using the electronic medical record system of Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital.
Results
Thirty-one patients were treated with CAZ/AVI combined with colistin. Respiratory tract infections (27/31, 87%) were most common. Pathogens included carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (17/31, 54.8%), carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (9/31, 29.0%), and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5/31, 16.1%). The 30-day mortality rate was 29.0%, and the average lengths of hospital and ICU stay among all patients were 39.0 and 17.0 days, respectively. The average lengths of ICU stay among the survivors and non-survivors were 19.7 and 10.7 days, respectively (P = 0.023). In addition, the pathogen was cleared within 7 days in 20 patients (20/31, 64.5%). Among all patients, average levels of the inflammatory indicator CRP were significantly lower 7 (152.23 ± 68.42 mg/L vs 94.56 ± 56.86 mg/L, P = 0.002) and 14 (152.23 ± 68.42 mg/L vs 83.20 ± 55.87 mg/L, P = 0.005) days after combination therapy than levels 24 h before therapy. Similarly, CRP levels among the survivors were significantly lowered by treatment, with 145.61 ± 70.42 mg/L vs 94.82 ± 53.76 mg/L (P = 0.018) at 7 days and 145.61 ± 70.42 mg/L vs 86.16 ± 57.98 mg/L (P = 0.027) at 14. However, there were no significant differences in PCT or WBC levels among all patients or among survivors.
Conclusions
CAZ/AVI combined with colistin reduced the inflammatory response in patients with CRO infection, but more studies will be needed to determine whether the combination can increase the 7-day microbial clearance rate and reduce the 30-day mortality rate.
Multi-trait GWAS for diverse ancestries: Mapping the knowledge gap
Authors: Troubat Lucie , Fettahoglu Deniz , Aschard Hugues , Julienne Hanna 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Approximately 95% of samples analyzed in univariate genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are of European ancestry. This bias toward European ancestry populations in association screening also exists for other analyses and methods that are often developed and tested on European ancestry only. However, existing data in non-European populations, which are often of modest sample size, could benefit from innovative approaches as recently illustrated in the context of polygenic risk scores.
Methods: Here, we extend and assess the potential limitations and gain of our multi-trait GWAS pipeline, JASS (Joint Analysis of Summary Statistics), for the analysis of non-European ancestries. To this end, we conducted the joint GWAS of 19 hematological traits and glycemic traits across five ancestries (European (EUR), admixed American (AMR), African (AFR), East Asian (EAS), South-East Asian (SAS)).
Results: We detected 367 new genome-wide significant associations in non-European populations (15 in Admixed American (AMR), 72 in African (AFR) and 280 in East Asian (EAS)). New associations detected represent 7%, 25% and 21% of associations in the AFR, AMR and EAS populations, respectively. Overall, multi-trait testing increases the replication of European associated loci in non-European ancestry by 15%. Pleiotropic effects were highly similar at significant loci across ancestries (e.g. the mean correlation between multi-trait genetic effects of EUR and EAS ancestries was 0.88). For hematological traits, strong discrepancies in multi-trait genetic effects are tied to known evolutionary divergences: the ARKC1 loci, which is adaptive to overcome the p.vivax induced malaria.
Conclusions: Multi-trait GWAS can be a valuable tool to narrow the genetic knowledge gap between European and non-European populations.
Insight into age-related changes of the human facial skeleton based on medieval European osteological collection
Authors: Walczak Anna , Krenz-Niedbała Marta , Łukasik Sylwia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Aging changes in the facial skeleton are concentrated mostly in orbits, maxilla and mandible. The aim of this study was to analyze metric traits of the adult viscerocranium in a medieval sample from Cedynia (Poland, Central Europe) and confront the results with literature data for modern populations. It was assumed that diet-related greater biomechanical forces generated during mastication in medieval versus modern times led to slower rate of bone resorption with age. 3D models of the facial skeleton were created for 230 individuals, categorized into young, middle and old adults. Besides, a subgroup of edentulous middle adults was distinguished. Orbits, pyriform aperture, maxilla and mandible were measured using Geomagic Studio 12 and analyzed among age categories as well as dentate and edentulous subgroups. The values of the orbital and pyriform aperture measurements tended to increase with age and reached statistical significance in males (right orbit height, left orbit width, pyriform aperture surface area). In females, maxillary height significantly decreased at right first premolar and first molar, together with height of the right mandibular ramus. In edentulous individuals of both sexes the orbits were wider, and maxillary and mandibular heights were lower than in dentate individuals. This study revealed similar character and direction of the aging process of the facial skeleton in medieval and modern adults, however slower rate of resorptive changes was found in the former sample, which suggests, that diet-related biomechanical forces can influence intensification of the aging processes in the facial skeleton.