bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Defining the optimal position of the lipped liner in combination with cup orientation and stem version
Authors: Navacchia Alessandro , Pagkalos Joseph , Davis Edward T. 
Published: September 2023

AimsThe aim of this study was to identify the optimal lip position for total hip arthroplasties (THAs) using a lipped liner. There is a lack of consensus on the optimal position, with substantial variability in surgeon practice.MethodsA model of a THA was developed using a 20° lipped liner. Kinematic analyses included a physiological range of motion (ROM) analysis and a provocative dislocation manoeuvre analysis. ROM prior to impingement was calculated and, in impingement scenarios, the travel distance prior to dislocation was assessed. The combinations analyzed included nine cup positions (inclination 30-40-50°, anteversion 5-15-25°), three stem positions (anteversion 0-15-30°), and five lip orientations (right hip 7 to 11 o’clock).ResultsThe position of the lip changes the ROM prior to impingement, with certain combinations leading to impingement within the physiological ROM. Inferior lip positions (7 to 8 o’clock) performed best with cup inclinations of 30° and 40°. Superior lip positions performed best with cup inclination of 50°. When impingement occurs in the plane of the lip, the lip increases the travel distance prior to dislocation. Inferior lip positions led to the largest increase in jump distance in a posterior dislocation provocation manoeuvre.ConclusionThe lip orientation that provides optimal physiological ROM depends on the orientation of the cup and stem. For a THA with stem anteversion 15°, cup inclination 40°, and cup anteversion 15°, the optimal lip position was posterior-inferior (8 o’clock). Maximizing jump distance prior to dislocation while preventing impingement in the opposite direction is possible with appropriate lip positioning.Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2023;12(9):571–579.
Global and local fat effects on bone mass and quality in obesity
Authors: Dai Xin , Liu Beizhong , Hou Qingtao , Dai Qijie , Wang Di , Xie Bo , Sun Yue , Wang Bin 
Published: September 2023

AimsThe aim of this study was to investigate the global and local impact of fat on bone in obesity by using the diet-induced obese (DIO) mouse model.MethodsIn this study, we generated a diet-induced mouse model of obesity to conduct lipidomic and 3D imaging assessments of bone marrow fat, and evaluated the correlated bone adaptation indices and bone mechanical properties.ResultsOur results indicated that bone mass was reduced and bone mechanical properties were impaired in DIO mice. Lipidomic sequencing and bioinformatic analysis identified 373 differential lipids, 176 of which were upregulated and 197 downregulated. Functional enrichment analysis revealed a significant downregulation of the pathways: fat digestion and absorption (ko04975) and lipolysis regulation in adipocytes (ko04923) in DIO mice, leading to local fat accumulation. The use of 3D imaging confirmed the increase in fat accumulation within the bone marrow cavity of obese mice.ConclusionOur study sheds light on the intricate interplay between fat and bone, and provides a non-toxic and non-invasive method for measuring marrow adipose tissue.Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2023;12(9):580–589.
A comparative analysis of osteocranium morphology in Lutjanus johnii (Bloch, 1792) and Lutjanus gibbus (Forsskal, 1775) inhabiting different habitats
Authors: Radhi Muhammad , Firdus Firdus , Muchlisin Zainal Abidin 
Published: September 2023

The snapper species Lutjanus gibbus (L. gibbus) is commonly found in coastal areas characterized by coral reefs and clear water, while Lutjanus johnii (L. johnii) resides in mangrove waters with murky conditions and strong currents. The habitat plays a crucial role in influencing body shape and ossification patterns in fish. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the differences in the cranial bone morphology between the two Lutjanus fish species that resided in contrasting habitats. The fish samples were collected from local fishermen operating in the waters of Pulo Aceh, Aceh Besar, Indonesia. Following capture, the fish were transported and landed at Lampulo Fishing Port in Banda Aceh for further analysis. For each species, a total of 5 fish samples were randomly selected, and thorough cleaning of scales and muscles was performed before the drying of the bones. These dried cranial bones were then photographed, edited, and subjected to detailed analysis. The study showed that, of the 23 observed skull bone characters, 15 characters showed the differences in the cranial bones of the two snapper species, including the pre-ethmoidal, ethmoidal lateralis, prefrontal, supraorbital, nasal, ethmoidal, sphenoticum, crista occipital, lacrimal, inter-opercular, opercular, preopercular premaxilla, endopterygoideum, and hyomandibular. Significant differences were observed in the bones composing the eyes, nose, jaws, and ventral region of the head. In the mangrove snapper (L. johnii), the bones associated with the eyes (orbitospenoidal, supraorbital, and prefrontal) were less developed, while those related to the nose (nasal, ethmoidal, ethmoidal lateralis, pre-ethmoidal) showed well-developed characteristics. The coral snapper L. gibbus displayed a relatively small but thicker premaxilla bone in the jaw region, along with smaller bones in the ventral head area.Keywords:OsteologyMorphologyEcomorphologyOsteocraniumMaxillare
Experimental observation of stimulated Raman scattering enabled localized structure in a normal dispersion FP resonator
Authors: Li Tieying , Wu Kan , Zhang Xujia , Cai Minglu , Chen Jianping 
Published: September 2023

Dissipative Kerr nonlinear cavities attract intense interest due to their rich dynamics and capability to generate broadband, low-noise, mode-locked optical frequency combs for applications in optical communications, dual-comb spectroscopy, photonic lidar, etc. Different from the Kerr effect, which is an electronic response, stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) is a delayed response to molecular vibrations in materials. In microcavities, when driven in an anomalous group velocity dispersion (GVD) regime, SRS typically leads to a self-frequency shift of solitons and generation of breather solitons, which have been verified both theoretically and experimentally. However, when driven in a normal GVD regime, recent theoretical work predicts that SRS can cause the locking of switching waves (SWs) and thus support bright moving localized structure (LS), which we term as SRS enabled localized structure (SRS-LS). Limited by the design of suitable experimental parameters, experimental observation of this SRS-LS is not achieved yet. Here, we provide numerical investigation and, to our knowledge, the first experimental observation of the SRS-LS in a fiber Fabry–Perot (FP) resonator with ultra-low normal GVD. Such SRS-LS exhibits localized temporal features with strong oscillations at ∼13THz local frequency on the top of a flat-top pulse. The corresponding spectrum is a low-noise and broadband Kerr comb with a typical platicon-like spectrum in the center and two Raman Stokes and anti-Stokes peaks located near ±13THz away from the center. With such an SRS enabled broadband Kerr comb, we have achieved an SRS-LS spectrum with a repetition rate of ∼3.68GHz and a −30dB spectral width of 255 nm. The corresponding comb tooth count is >8500, covering the S + C + L telecommunication bands. Moreover, the formation process of such SRS-LS is also revealed, and it is found that the GVD plays a key role in its generation. Our work will help to advance the study of the dynamics of optical frequency combs under the influence of SRS, as well as provide a broadband coherent mode-locked optical source for wide applications.
Clinical profiles, epidemiological characteristics and treatment outcomes of COVID-19 patients in North-eastern Ethiopia: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gedefie Alemu , Birara Tadesse , Misganaw Sisay , Bambo Getachew Mesfin , Kebede Samuel Sahile , Tilahun Mihret , Mohammed Ousman , Kassa Yeshimebet , Bisetegn Habtye , Alemayehu Ermiyas 
Published: September 2023

Background
COVID-19 is a rapidly emerging global health threat and economic disaster. The epidemiology and outcomes of COVID-19 patients in Ethiopia are scarce. Thus, the present study aimed to assess clinical profiles, epidemiological characteristics, and treatment outcomes of patients with COVID-19 and to identify determinants of the disease outcome among COVID-19 patients in North-eastern Ethiopia.

Methods
A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted in North-eastern Ethiopia, from May 2020 to Jan 2022 on a total of 364 SARS-COV-2 infected patients. Demographic and clinical data were abstracted from the medical records of patients. Bivariable and multivariable analyses were conducted to determine the factors associated with the mortality of COVID-19 patients and variables with a P-value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Result
Among 364 COVID-19 patients included in this study, two-thirds (68.1%) were males with a median age of 34 years. The majority; 42.9% & 33.0% respectively cases were detected at the health facility and community level surveillance. Furthermore, 6.6% of patients had pre-existing comorbidities of which diabetes mellitus (23.1%) and hypertension (15.3%) had the highest frequency. The symptomatic rate of COVID-19 patients was 30.5%. The most common clinical presentations were cough (26.9%), fever (26.1%), and shortness of breath (15.2%). Moreover, the mortality rate of COVID-19 patients was 4.1% which was independently predicted by a history of underlining co-morbidity (AHR:6.09; 95%CI:1.299–28.56; P = 0.022) and a history of severe or critical conditions (AHR 11.8; 95%CI:4.89–28.83; P = 0.003).

Conclusion
Severe or critical acute COVID-19 and underlining comorbidities are associated with higher mortality. Therefore, critical follow–up and management should be given to patients with underlying diseases is required.
What facilitates or prevents academic fraud in a Colombian faculty of medicine–Protocol of a study using fuzzy cognitive mapping
Authors: Pimentel Juan , López Paola , Rincón Johan , Neira Laura , Jiménez Daniel , Correal Camilo , Sarmiento Iván 
Published: September 2023

Introduction
Academic fraud is any behavior that gives a student an undeserved advantage over another student. Few studies have explored the causes of and possible solutions to academic fraud in Latin America. We aim to map the knowledge of stakeholders in a Colombian faculty of medicine about the factors that facilitate and prevent academic fraud.

Methods
Fuzzy cognitive mapping. We will use the approach proposed by Andersson and Silver to generate fuzzy cognitive maps representing stakeholder knowledge. This process consists of ten steps: (1) definition of the research question; (2) identification of participants; (3) generation of ideas; (4) rationalization of ideas; (5) organization and connection of ideas; (6) weighing; (7) pattern grouping; (8) list of links and digitization; (9) combination of maps and network analysis; and (10) deliberative dialogue. To draw the maps, we will invite medical students, interns, resident physicians, master’s students, and professors in the faculty of medicine. Four medical students will receive training to facilitate the sessions. Participants will identify the factors contributing to academic fraud and their causal relationships. We will use a combination of network analysis and graph theory to identify the chains of factors with greatest influence on academic fraud.

Conclusion
The maps will serve to discuss strategies to reduce academic fraud in the Faculty of Medicine and to identify factors that could be addressed in other contexts with similar problems. This research will allow the students who facilitate mapping sessions to learn about research techniques, fuzzy cognitive mapping and academic fraud.
Study registration: Registered in OSF Registries on August 2nd, 2022. Registration number: osf.io/v4amz
Factors associated with offer and uptake of provider-initiated HIV testing and counselling among men attending healthcare facilities in Moshi Municipality, Northern Tanzania
Authors: Kyilyosudu Hellen , Msuya Sia E. , Ngocho James S. , Damian Damian J. 
Published: September 2023

Background
HIV Testing and Counseling is a critical entry-point for HIV care, treatment and prevention. Tanzania adopted the WHO recommendations of Provider-Initiated HIV Testing and Counseling (PITC) in 2007 with the aim of increasing early HIV diagnosis and timely access to treatment and support services. However, approximately 55% of men are still unaware of their HIV status. This study aimed to determine the level of PITC uptake and factors associated with PITC availability and uptake among men attending healthcare facilities in Moshi Municipality, Northern Tanzania.

Method
A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in July 2019 in five selected healthcare facilities in Moshi Municipal, Kilimanjaro region. Exit interviews were conducted with men aged 18 years and above who attended for care in the selected facilities. Modified Poisson regression modelling with robust standard errors were used to determine factors independently associated with being offered and accepting the PITC offer.

Results
A total of 562 men participated in this study. The median age of participants at enrollment was 37 (IQR: 26–59) years. Only 58% of participants reported to have been offered provider-initiated HIV counseling. Of these, 83% accepted the offer of HIV testing. Age between 35–59 years (aPR = 1.2; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.0, 1.4; p = 0.033) and having primary education (aPR = 0.7; 95% CI: 0.6, 0.9; p = 0.010) were factors independently associated with being offered PITC. Age between 35–59 years (aPR = 0.8; 95% CI: 0.7, 0.9; p = 0.002); having been previously tested for HIV (aPR = 1.3; 95% CI: 1.1, 1.5; p = 0.011) and visiting a health facility twice or more in previous year (aPR = 1.3; 95% CI: 1.2, 1.5; p<0.001) were independently associated with uptake of HIV testing.

Conclusion
Despite high PITC uptake, about 2 in 5 men attending healthcare facilities in Moshi municipality were not offered the service. Providers should target men aged ≤ 34 years, with primary education, visiting facilities for the first time and who have never been tested for HIV.
Psychometric properties and measurement invariance of the Arabic Self-Care Inventory
Authors: Rababah Jehad A. , Al-Hammouri Mohammed Munther , Luciani Michela 
Published: September 2023

Background
Self-care is a fundamental aspect of health and well-being for healthy individuals and those with chronic illnesses. However, the available self-care measurement instruments have limited support regarding their psychometric properties. Research about the validation of comprehensive, theory-based self-care tools in the Arabic language and culture is also limited. In addition, many self-care measurement tools are available only for people with chronic illnesses.

Objective
To examine the psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the Self-care Inventory (SCI) in the general adult population in Jordan.

Methods
This study was conducted using a cross-sectional design. Data collection was performed using a demographics questionnaire, and Arabic versions of the SCI, Self-care Self-Efficacy, and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-revised. SPSS and AMOS were used to analyze the data. Data analysis was conducted by performing confirmatory factor analysis, measurement invariance, internal consistency, and bivariate correlations.

Results
The results revealed that the SCI comprises three scales: self-care maintenance, self-care monitoring, and self-care management. The goodness of mode fit indices showed that the models of these scales fit the data well by meeting the following set a priori criteria: (RMSEA < .07, CFI > .95, and X2/df < 5). The factor loadings of the individual items of the SCI provided further evidence about the factor structure of the three scales. Regarding measurement invariance, the results indicated that partial invariance across participants’ sex is assumed. The values of both Cronbach’s α and composite reliability showed that the internal consistency of the SCI is supported. Cronbach’s α of the self-care maintenance, self-care monitoring, and self-care management were .82, .86, and .83, respectively.

Conclusion
The psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the SCI demonstrate its validity and reliability as a robust assessment tool for measuring self-care in the general adult population.
Thomas D’Urfey’s Adaptation of Cervantes’s Quixote: The Comical History of Don Quixote
Authors: Faedo María José Álvarez 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The Comical History of Don Quixote (1694) is one of the first dramatizations of Miguel de Cervantes’s novel in English, written in three parts. Starting with the episode of Cardenio and Luscinda in the first part, Thomas D’Urfey takes liberties with the characters and twists the plot, mixing chapters and embellishing it with songs by composer Henry Purcell and music by other contemporary artists. However, this dramatist presents us with a noble and quite sensible Don Quixote, as opposed to a histrionic Sancho, thus inverting the essence of the original characters in Cervantes’s novel.This article will analyze – from the perspective of studies on theatrical adaptation, such as Linda Hutcheon’s A Theory of Adaptation (2006) and Jane Barnette’s ADAPTURGY: The Dramaturg’s Art and Theatrical Adaptation (2018) – Thomas D’Urfey’s The Comical History of Don Quixote (1694) as an adaptation of Miguel de Cervantes’s Quixote. The author will explore the different episodes that D’Urfey chose to rewrite in the three parts of his play, analyzing the differences and similitudes between the original stories in the novel and their adapted version in the play, in order to prove that, on the one hand, Cervantes’s novel was already widely known by English audiences when D’Urfey’s plays were premiered, on the other, that he adapted the existing material to suit the preferences of English seventeenth-century audiences and, finally, that he created a parody in which Don Quixote is actually a nobler character than that of the preceding seventeenth-century adaptations.1
Die unvorhergesehene (jedoch vorhersehbare) Inflation nach der Coronapandemie
Authors: Beretta Edoardo 
Published: September 2023

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Aufsatz liefert eine Erklärung, warum die seit 2022 andauernde Inflationswelle vorhersehbar war. Damit ergänzt er die Analyse einiger Ökonomen, die schon 2020/2021 vor dem Risiko einer Inflationsspirale warnten, als die meisten Wirtschaftsprognosen aufgrund der Coronapandemie noch lange stagnierende oder gar sinkende Preise erwarten ließen. Welche Risikofaktoren sind seitdem hinzugekommen? Und wie könnte sich der Aufwärtstrend des allgemeinen Preisniveaus in nächster Zeit entwickeln? Fest steht jedenfalls, dass die Inflation – ob von Verbraucher- oder Immobilienpreisen oder von Vermögenswerten – nicht ausgestorben ist.
Effects of γ-oryzanol on motor function in a spinal cord injury model
Authors: Fan ZhiYi , Zhan WanDa , Cai Jun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is caused by disease or trauma and results in a partial or complete loss of motor or sensory function below the injury level. Most patients with SCI are young, and long-term disability imposes both psychological and financial burdens. Rice is the most abundant source of γ-oryzanol, which exhibits both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. γ-Oryzanol has been shown to cross the blood–brain barrier in an intact form and have beneficial effects on brain function. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report the effect of γ-oryzanol on motor function recovery in mice after SCI.

Methods
Mice were randomly divided into three groups: the sham group, the injury group, and the γ-oryzanol-treated group that received an intraperitoneal γ-oryzanol (100 mg/kg) injection every 2 days for 42 days after SCI. The effect of γ-oryzanol was assessed through various approaches. Behavioral tests were performed using Basso mouse scale scores and gait analysis. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, Luxol fast blue staining, magnetic resonance imaging ,and immunofluorescence staining were used to observe the lesion area changes, demyelination, axonal regeneration, and scar tissue formation. The levels of inflammatory cytokines in the peripheral blood of mice were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results
Behavioral tests showed that γ-oryzanol treatment improved gait following SCI. Pathological examination revealed that demyelination at the site of injury improved with γ-oryzanol treatment and was accompanied by the retention of axons associated with motor function and reduced scarring. Additionally, γ-oryzanol treatment decreased the serum levels of pro-inflammatory factors.

Conclusions
Studies have shown that γ-oryzanol promotes motor function recovery in mice after SCI. Therefore, γ-oryzanol might be the latent target for SCI therapy.
Syntheses, characterization and properties of copper, silver and palladium complexes with oxazoline-containing ligands
Authors: Hu Tao , Zhou Wei , Kuai Hai-Wei , Zhang Hai-Ming 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The reactions of copper, silver and palladium salts with the homochiral ligands 3,3′-bis[(S,S)-4-isopropyl-2-oxazolyl]-4-chloro-2,2′-bipyridine (L1), 3,3′-bis[(S,S)-4-benzyl-2-oxazolyl]-4-chloro-2,2′-bipyridine (L2) and 2-[(S)-4-isopropyl-2-oxazolyl]quinoline (L3) yield three new chiral complexes: [Cu(L1)Br2] (1), [Ag(L2)(CH3CN)]·(BF4)·(CH3OH)0.17·(H2O)0.08 (2) and [Pd(L3)Cl2]·(CH3COCH3)0.5 (3), which have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, and elemental and thermogravimetric analyses. The complexes 1–3 display discrete mononuclear structures. Non-linear optical properties of complexes 1–3 were investigated.