bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diversity of bacterial symbionts associated with the tropical plant bug Monalonion velezangeli (Hemiptera: Miridae) revealed by high-throughput 16SrRNA sequencing.
Authors: Navarro-Escalante Lucio , Benavides Pablo , Acevedo Flor Edith 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Insects and microbes have developed complex symbiotic relationships that
evolutively and ecologically play beneficial roles for both, the symbiont and the host. In most
Hemiptera insects, bacterial symbionts offer mainly nutritional, defense and reproductive roles
and have promoted the adaptive radiation of several hemipteran phytophagous lineages. The
tropical plant bug Monalonion velezangeli (Hemiptera: Miridae) is a polyphagous herbivore
considered an important insect pest for several economically-relevant tropical crops; however,
information about the composition of its bacterial microbiota was missing. In this study, we
describe the diversity and structure of the bacterial microbiota in the nymph and adult life stages
of M. velezangeli using Illumina high-throughput sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA gene
amplicons (meta-barcoding). We found that both insect life stages share a similar microbiota in
terms of bacterial diversity and community structure. The intracellular symbiont Wolbachia
(~92%) dominated the overall microbiome composition in these life stages, and along with
bacteria genera Romboutsia, Ignavibacterium, Clostridium, Allobaculum, Paracoccus,
Methylobacterium, Faecalibacterium, Collinsella, Rothia, Sphingomonas and other 4
undetermined genera, were found as members of the core microbiota. Based on PCR screening
and DNA sequencing of wsp gene, Wolbachia infection was confirmed in almost 80% of
samples, represented by two different isolates or strains within the supergroup B. This data
opens new questions and avenues to better understand the contribution of symbiotic bacteria in
the biological performance of this insect pest and provide bases to explore other insect control
methods.
Macroecological perspectives on the competition between the native and invasive bumblebees in Southern South America under climate change
Authors: Montalva Jose , Hoagland Bruce , Arbetman Marina , Morales Carolina , Aizen Marcelo , Vilela Bruno , Silva Daniel Paiva 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A handful ~206 known bumble bee species (Bombus) have been transported worldwide and introduced in non-native regions for crop pollination, leading to long-lasting biological invasions. The introductions and invasions of European B. terrestris and, previously, of B. ruderatus in southernSouth America have been associated with sharp population declines of the giant Patagonian bumblebee, B. dahlbomii. We gathered a comprehensive database of occurrence records for B. dahlbomii, B. ruderatus, and B. terrestris from museums and citizen science sources. Multivariate bioclimatic niche analyses and species distribution models were used to determine the extent of climatic niche overlap between invasive and native species and the potential effects of current and future climatic scenarios on the distribution of these bumblebees. We found extensive pairwise niche overlap between the three bumble bee species, B. terrestris vs. B. ruderatus (67%), B. terrestris vs. B. dahlbomii (61%), and B. ruderatus vs. B. dahlbomii (46%). Compared to its historical records, the current distribution of B. dahlbomii is narrowing and is expected to shrink even more under the most climatically pessimistic future scenario, while that of B. terrestris shows an extensive, still expanding distribution. However, the models show that in the case of a climatic pessimistic future scenario, B. terrestris will also slow down its expansion on the continent. Finally, we discuss the consequences of the large niche overlap between the introduced bumble bee species and endangered B. dahlbomii and the effect of climate change on these three species of bumble bees in South America.
Architectural design and robustness optimization of adaptive hydraulic engine mount
Authors: Hu Jinfang , Li Yangyang , Jiang Ping , Zhao Linfeng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In order to reduce the cost of semi-active hydraulic engine mount, obtain good vibration isolation effect and broaden its application range, an adaptive hydraulic engine mount with variable cross-sectional area of inertial channel was first designed on the basis of existing hydraulic engine mounts, and its low frequency and high frequency approximate linear models were established respectively, and its dynamic characteristics were analyzed. And then, according to its structural characteristics, the robust optimization design of the engine mount parameters is carried out, and the working principle and practical use of the adaptive hydraulic engine mount are also analyzed. Finally, the experimental test system is built, and the vibration isolation effect of the engine mount is tested and compared. The experimental results show that the designed adaptive hydraulic engine mount can achieve different dynamic characteristics by choosing the size and cross-sectional area of the inertial channel rationally under different working conditions and has good vibration isolation effect.
Prevalence of Prediabetes and Risk of CVD Mortality in Individuals with Prediabetes Alone or Plus Hypertension in Northeast China: Insight from a Population Based Cohort study
Authors: Yue Ling , Ma Mingxi , Tian Yuanmeng , Jing Li , Sun Qun , Shi Lei , Sun Jixu , Wang Weizhong , Li Guangxiao , Xing Liying , Liu Shuang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the current prevalence of prediabetes in northeast China, and further to determine the association between prediabetes alone or coexistent with hypertension and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) mortality.
Methods
In the prospective study, 15557 participants without diabetes among aged ≥ 40 years in northeast China, were followed for a median of 3.3 years. Following American Diabetes Association, prediabetes was defined as fasting plasma glucose (FPG) range of 5.6–6.9 mmol/L or HBA1C range of 5.7–6.4% in people without diabetes .
Results
The prevalence of prediabetes were 44.3% among population aged ≥ 40 years in northeast China. Prediabetes alone did not promote risk of CVD mortality. However, when the subgroups were stratified by hypertension, the CVD mortality risk in prediabetes plus hypertension subjects increased significantly compared with population without prediabetes and hypertension. Multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios for CVD mortality in prediabetes subgroups plus hypertension were 3.33 for those diagnosed by FPG 5.6-6.0 mmol/L and 3.92 for diagnosis by FPG 6.1-6.9mmol/L, and increased to 4.16 for diagnosis by HbA1c 5.7–6.4% alone compared with the reference group. Moreover, the percentage of hypertension in prediabetes subjects was high (60.4%), but the awareness, treatment and control rates were far from satisfactory (45.3%, 35.1% and 4.8%, respectively).
Conclusions
The prevalence of prediabetes remains high in northeast China, and the CVD mortality was elevated significantly in prediabetes coexistent with hypertension. Considering the high percentage and low control rate of hypertension in prediabetes, strategies focus on HbA1c screening, FPG lowering and blood pressure management should be emphasized in northeast China.
Atomic Insights into the Unidirectional Alignment and Orientation-Pinning Behavior of h-BN Nucleation on Ir(111)
Authors: pan jinliang , Hu Kui , Sun Luye , Wu Yangfan , Ma Sumei , Qiu Xiaohui , Zhang Yanning , Wu TongWei , Ma Chao , Zheng Yi , Liu Mengxi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The epitaxial growth of wafer-scale single-crystalline two-dimensional materials requires precise control over the crystallographic orientation and morphology of clusters formed during the initial stages of nucleation. However, there is limited knowledge about the critical nucleus and its growth mechanism for h-BN on high-symmetry surfaces of transition metals. In this study, we provide atomic insights into h-BN nucleation on Ir(111) using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and noncontact atomic force microscopy (nc-AFM), corraborated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The atomic-resolved structural characterization reveals that the smallest h-BN cluster, exhibiting a non-1:1 stoichiometric ratio of boron and nitrogen atoms, maintains a triangular shape with zigzag-type edges. Through AFM force spectroscopy, individual B and N atoms within the cluster, as well as the N-termination edge, are clearly identified. The achievement of elemental sensitivity at the atomic scale is attributed to the chemical reactivity of the metallic tip. The local registry of h-BN nuclei that align with the prevailing crystalline orientation is consistently identified as NtopBhcp. Despite DFT calculations indicating the energetically favorable NtopBfcc configuration for larger h-BN clusters, the alignment of the nuclei with respect to the underlying substrate remains unchanged throughout the growth of the clusters. This orientation pinning behavior, which impeding the rotational alignment of nuclei following the formation of initial clusters during the early stages of nucleation, presents a valuable avenue for exploring the large-scale growth of binary and ternary materials.
Hospitalization and Readmission After Single Level Fall: A Population-Based Sample
Authors: Cook Alan , Swindall Rebecca , Spencer Katherine , Wadle Carly , Cage S. Andrew , Mohiuddin Musharaf , Desai Yagnesh , Norwood Scott 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Single level falls (SLFs) in the older U.S. population is a leading cause of hospital admission and rates are increasing. Unscheduled hospital readmission is regarded as a quality-of-care indication and a preventable burden on healthcare systems. We aimed to characterize the predictors of 30-day readmission following admission for SLF injuries among patients 65 years and older.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Nationwide Readmission Database from 2018 to 2019. Included patients were 65 and older, admitted emergently following a SLF with a primary injury diagnosis. Hierarchical logit regression was used to model factors associated with readmission within 30 days of discharge.
Results
Of 1,338,905 trauma patients, 65 years of age or older, 61.3% had a single-level fall as the mechanism of injury. Among fallers, the average age was 81.1 years and 68.5% were female. SLF patients underwent more major therapeutic procedures (56.3% vs. 48.2%), spent over 2 million days in the hospital and incurred total charges of over $28 billion annually. Over 11% of SLF patients were readmitted within 30 days of discharge. Transfer to short-term hospital, brain and vascular injuries were independent predictors of 30-day readmission in multivariable analysis, (OR 2.45, 1.25, and 1.41, respectively). Palliative care consultation was protective, (OR 0.41). The subsequent hospitalizations among those 30-day readmissions were primarily emergent (92.9%), consumed 260,876 hospital days and a total of $2.75 billion annually.
Conclusions
SLFs exact costs to patients, health systems, and society. Transfer to short-term hospitals at discharge, along with brain and vascular injuries were strong predictors of 30-day readmission and warrant mitigation strategy development with consideration of expanded palliative care consultation.
Responding to the real problem of sustainable resuscitation competency with real assessment. Mixed-methods evaluation of an authentic assessment program
Authors: Thompson James , Verrall Claire , Bogaardt Hans , Thirumanickam Abi , Marley Charles , Boyle Malcolm 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction: The sustainability of resuscitation skills is a widespread concern, with a rapid decay in competence following training reported in many health disciplines. Meanwhile, training programs continue to be disconnected with real-world expectations, and teaching and assessment designs remain in conflict with the evidence for sustainable learning. This study aimed to evaluate a programmatic assessment pedagogy employing entrustable professional activities (EPAs) and the principles of authentic and sustainable assessment.
Methods: We conducted a prospective mixed-methods sequential explanatory study to understand and address the sustainable learning challenges faced by final-year undergraduate paramedic students. We introduced a program of five authentic assessment episodes based on actual resuscitation cases, each integrating contextual elements that featured in these real-life events. The student-tutor consensus assessment (STCA) tool was configured to encapsulate an entrustable professional activities (EPA) framework. Each test produced dual results: a student-led grading component and an assessor score based on the level of trust they attributed the student to work unsupervised and meet with the expectations of the workplace. Students and assessors were surveyed about their experiences with the assessment methodologies and asked to evaluate the program using the Ottawa Good Assessment Criteria.
Results: Eighty-four students participated in five test events, generating both assessor-only and student-led STCA results. There was a reported mean score increase of 9% across the five tests and an 18% reduction in borderline or below scores. No statistical significance was observed among the scores from eight assessors across 420 unique tests. The mean student consensus remained above 91% in all 420 tests. Both student and assessor participant groups expressed broad agreement that the Ottawa criteria were well-represented in the design, and they shared their preference for the authentic methodology over traditional approaches.
Conclusion: In addition to confirming local sustainability issues, this study has highlighted the validity and reliability concerns that exist with conventional resuscitation training designs. We have successfully demonstrated an alternative pedagogy which responds to these concerns, and which embodies the principles of sustainable learning, quality in assessment practice, and the real-world expectations of professionals.
Identification of a Combined Immune- and Metabolism- Related Prognostic Signature for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Xia Zhinan , Dong Yu , Xu Shenhao , Liu Bing , Liao Jiahao , Guo Wei , Wang Shuwen , Cui Zhiming , Wang Xingyuan , Zheng Yichun , Zhang Cheng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A typically observed form of malignancy within the urological system is clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) which is the major histological subtype of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) that develops from the proximal convoluted tubules. Despite ongoing efforts to develop effective treatments for ccRCC, it remains a significant challenge in the field of oncology, and further studies are required to fully understand this complex disease. Tumor biology has recently shown increasing interest in immune evasion and metabolic reprogramming, which are crucial to tumor initiation and progression. Despite this, an all-inclusive analysis of genes linked to combined metabolism and immunity in ccRCC is not yet available. This study establishes a prognostic signature that relates to the tumor microenvironment (TME) by utilizing nine immune- and metabolism-related genes (IMRGs). The findings of the study revealed that the IMRGs-based prognostic signature excelled over previously published signatures that relied solely on either immune- or metabolism-related genes to predict ccRCC outcomes, thus underscoring its robustness and reliability. Furthermore, a predictive tool in the form of a nomogram was developed, utilizing both the IMRGs prognostic signature and a range of clinical parameters. The differences observed in immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint expression, and immunophenoscore (IPS) between the high- and low-risk groups classified by our model were significantly notable. It can be concluded that the IMRGs signature holds immense potential for accurately predicting prognostic risks, evaluating the efficacy of immunotherapy, and facilitating personalized treatment regimens for patients with ccRCC.
Automatic Placement of Simulated Dental Implants Within CBCT Images in Optimum Positions: A Deep Learning Model
Authors: Alotaibi Shahd , Alsomali Mona , Alghamdi Shatha , Alfadda Sara , Alturaiki Isra , Al-Ekrish Asma’a , Altwaijry Najwa 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The increasing use of three-dimensional scans in dentistry motivates the use of artificial intelligence systems in several clinical scopes. One of these scopes is implant dentistry, which is a complex process with multiple criteria of success. The dentist analyzes cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images and formulates a detailed implant treatment plan by specifying the length, diameter, position, and angulation of implants while considering the prosthodontic treatment plan, bone morphology, and position of adjacent vital anatomical structures. A supervised deep learning model was built to determine the optimum implant position, angulation, diameter, and length as dictated by prosthetic and anatomical requirements. The main goal of building this model was to facilitate the planning procedure and reduce the planning time of implant treatment, especially in multiple implant cases. This study had two phases; the first was detecting and placing a bounding box around the fiducial markers and adjacent bone within the CBCT images by training YOLOv3 model. The second phase trained six deep regression models to extract the apical and occlusal coordinates (X, Y, Z) of the implants; each model predicted one target value. In addition, two deep classification models were developed for predicting the implants’ intra-osseous length and intra-osseous diameter. After testing these models, YOLOv3 in the first phase showed 46.78\% average precision; in the regression model, the mean absolute error ranged from 11.931 to 15.954, and the classification of the intra-osseous diameter showed 76\% accuracy, and the intra-osseous length showed 59\% accuracy. A subjective assessment by an expert prosthodontist found the results to be promising regarding selection of implant size, and mesiodistal placement of the implants. However, angulation and vertical and bucco-lingual position of the implants was unacceptable. Thus, further investigations and model training are required to improve the accuracy of the output.
Perceptions and attitudes toward kidney supportive care among Elderly dialysis patients and medical staff in China：A Qualitative Study
Authors: Li Xue , Luo Jinkai 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose: kidney supportive care is an newly developing palliative care strategy in the field of kidney disease .To measure the cognition and attitude of dialysis doctors, nurses and elderly patients towards supportive care for patients with end-stage renal disease in China, and to provide support for the implementation of this strategy.
Methods: With a phenomenological method, this qualitative study used semi-structured interviews to interview 18 elderly dialysis patients and 10 medical staff in two Class ⅲ Grade A hospitals, and Colaizzi's method was used to conduct coding analysis of the interview results.
Results : We conducted separate interviews with patients and nurses to refine different themes for different groups.For elderly dialysis patients, three themes emerged：（1）Lack of awareness of access to kidney supportive care（2）Hard to accept the kidney supportive care（3）Willing to use the kidney supportive care.For dialysis medical staff , two themes were analyzed：（1）Kidney supportive care has potential clinical value、（2）Practical promotion and application are faced with multiple difficulties.
Conclusions: Our findings provide a comprehensive perspective to measure the recognition of kidney supportive care among patients and medical workers in China.Under the influence of traditional Chinese culture, there are many difficulties in the promotion and application of kidney supportive care in our country.Although the dialysis physicians and nurses expressed the support for kidney supportive care, the patients' Perceptions of this treatment mode was insufficient at present, and it should be further developed based on the actual medical conditions .
Infant diarrheal disease impedes maturation of the microbiome and is linked to a diverse set of novel yet to be cultured Campylobacter species.
Authors: Messaoudi Ilhem , Rhoades Nicholas , Cinco Isaac , Hendrickson Sara , Prongay Kamm , Haertel Andrew , Flores Gilberto , Slifka Mark 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Diarrheal diseases remain one of the leading causes of death for children under 5 globally, disproportionately impacting those living in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Campylobacter spp. is a zoonotic pathogen found in many animal species and is one of the leading causes of food-borne infection in humans, and yet to be cultured Campylobactercontribute to the total burden in diarrheal disease in LMIC children thus hampering interventions. We performed microbiome profiling and metagenomic genome assembly on samples collected from over 100 infant rhesus macaques longitudinally and during cases of clinical diarrhea within the first year of life. Acute diarrhea was associated with taxonomic and functional shifts of the infant gut microbiome and resulted in a chronic state of microbiome immaturity well beyond the resolution of symptoms. One of the major drivers of these changes was the increased relative abundance of Campylobacter which we investigated further using metagenomic assembled genomes (MAGs). We constructed 36 CampylobacterMAGs, many of which fell within 4 yet to be cultured species. Finally, we used the uncultured Campylobacter MAGs assembled from infant macaques with publicly available human metagenomes to show that these uncultured species are also found in human fecal samples from LMIC. These data highlight the importance unculturable Campylobacter spp. as an important target for reducing disease burden in LMIC children.
Inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling using BKM120 reduced the proliferation and migration potentials of colorectal cancer cells and enhanced Cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity
Authors: Khameneh Sepideh Chodary , Sari Soyar , Razi Sara , Yousefi Amir-Mohammad , Bashash Davood 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: Although extensive efforts have been made to improve the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, the prognosis for these patients remains poor. A wide range of anti-cancer agents has been applied to ameliorate the clinical management of CRC patients; however, drug resistance develops in nearly all patients. Based on the prominent role of PI3K/AKT signaling in the development of CRC and current interest in the application of PI3K inhibitors, we aimed to disclose the exact mechanism underlying the efficacy of BKM120, a well-known pan-class I PI3K inhibitor, in CRC-derived SW480 cells.
Materials and Methods: The effects of BKM120 on SW480 cells were studied using MTT assay, cell cycle assay, Annexin V/PI apoptosis tests, and scratch assay. In the next step, qRT-PCR was used to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms by which the PI3K inhibitor could suppress the survival of SW480 cells.
Result: The results of the MTT assay showed that BKM120 could decrease the metabolic activity of SW480 cells in a concentration and time-dependent manner. Investigating the exact mechanism of BKM120 showed that this PI3K inhibitor induces its anti-survival effects through a G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis-mediated cell death.
Moreover, the scratch assay demonstrated that PI3K inhibition led to the inhibition of cancer invasion and inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling remarkably sensitized SW480 cells to Cisplatin.
Conclusion: Based on our results, inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling can be a promising approach, either as a single modality or in combination with Cisplatin. However, further clinical studies should be performed to improve our understanding.