bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Young women were associated with higher risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and cesarean section from hormone replaced cycles in frozen-thawed embryo transfer: a retrospective study of 5316 singleton deliveries
Authors: Hu Xinyao , Liao Zhiqi , Li Jie , Zhou Yueping , Guo Yaxin , Qian Kun 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundThe utilization of frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycles has been linked to heightened risks of adverse perinatal outcomes. However, the potential association between adverse perinatal outcomes and distinct endometrial preparation regimens remains unclear. Therefore, we aim to investigate the maternal and neonatal outcomes after hormone replacement treatment (HRT) cycles, natural cycles (NC) and HRT cycles with pretreatment using GnRHa (HRT + GnRHa) for ovulatory women undergoing FET cycles.MethodsA large sample retrospective cohort study was carried out from 2016 to 2020. The data included a total of 5316 women who had singleton deliveries undergoing FET cycles and which were divided into three groups based on different endometrial preparation protocols: 4399 patients in HRT groups, 621 in GnRHa+HRT groups, 296 in NC groups. The outcomes consisted of maternal outcomes (cesarean section, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), placenta previa, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM));and neonatal outcomes (preterm birth, newborn birthweight, low birthweight, small for gestational age (SGA), macrosomia, large for gestational age (LGA), fetal malformation).ResultsAfter adjusting for a series of confounding variables, we found an increased risk of HDP (aOR=3.362; 95%CI, 1.059-10.675) and cesarean section (aOR=1.838; 95%CI, 1.333-2.535) in HRT cycles compared with NC, especially for ovulatory women under 35 years old. However, in all three groups, newborn birth weight was not significantly different. Meanwhile, perinatal outcomes did not differ significantly in terms of perinatal outcomes in HRT +GnRHa cycles compared with HRT cycles solely.ConclusionDuring FET cycles, singletons from HRT were related to higher risks of HDP and cesarean section, particularly for young women. GnRHa pretreatment didn’t bring any benefit to perinatal outcomes compared with HRT cycles alone. Therefore, the natural cycle may be a more appropriate and safer option for young ovulatory women.
RA-UNet: an intelligent fish phenotype segmentation method based on ResNet50 and atrous spatial pyramid pooling
Authors: Li Jianyuan , Liu Chunna , Yang Zuobin , Lu Xiaochun , Wu Bilang 
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Changes in fish phenotypes during aquaculture must be monitored to improve the quality of fishery resources. Therefore, a method for segmenting and measuring phenotypes rapidly and accurately without harming the fish is essential. This study proposes an intelligent fish phenotype segmentation method based on the residual network, ResNet50, and atrous spatial pyramid pooling (ASPP).Methods: A sufficient number of fish phenotypic segmentation datasets rich in experimental research was constructed, and diverse semantic segmentation datasets were developed. ResNet50 was then built as the backbone feature extraction network to prevent the loss of fish phenotypic feature information and improve the precision of fish phenotypic segmentation. Finally, an ASPP module was designed to improve the phenotypic segmentation accuracy of different parts of fish.Results: The test algorithm based on the collected fish phenotype segmentation datasets showed that the proposed algorithm (RA-UNet) yielded the best results among several advanced semantic segmentation models. The mean intersection over union (mIoU) and mean pixel accuracy (mPA) were 87.8% and 92.3%, respectively.Discussion: Compared with the benchmark UNet algorithm, RA-UNet demonstrated improvements in the mIoU and mPA by 5.0 and 1.8 percentage points, respectively. Additionally, RA-UNet exhibited superior fish phenotype segmentation performance, with a low false detection rate and clear and complete edge segmentation. Conclusively, the RA-UNet proposed in this study has high accuracy and edge segmentation ability and can, therefore, directly improve the efficiency of phenotypic monitoring in fish farming.
Variability of airborne microbiome at different urban sites across seasons: a case study in Rome
Authors: Pollegioni Paola , Cardoni Simone , Mattioni Claudia , Piredda Roberta , Ristorini Martina , Occhiuto Donatella , Canepari Silvia , Korneykova Maria V. , Soshina Anastasia S. , Calfapietra Carlo , Gavrichkova Olga 
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Biogenic fraction of airborne PM10 dominated by bacteria and fungi, has been recognized as serious environmental and human health issues in cities.Methods: In the present study, we combined a high-throughput amplicon sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene and the fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, with elemental analysis of airborne particulate matter (PM10) to investigate the community compositions and structures of PM10-associated bacteria and fungi across four different seasons in three urban sites of Rome with differential pollution rate.Results: In this study, а clear seasonal shift of bacterial and fungal community structure driven by PM10 mass concentrations and environmental factors, such as temperature and precipitations, has been identified. In addition, the seasonal impact of local sources and long-range transported air masses on the community structures of the microbes has been also postulated. Our data revealed that the lack of precipitation and the subsequent resuspension of dust produced by vehicular traffic might contribute to the maximum abundance of soil-associated microbes in winter and summer. However, the increase of PM10 concentrations favoured also by climatic conditions, domestic heating and dust advection event from African desert further shaped the community structure of winter. Across three seasons, the pollutant removal-hydrogen oxidation bacteria and the opportunist-human pathogenic fungi progressively increased with pollution levels, in the sequence from green to residential and/or polluted area close to the traffic roads, with highest fraction during winter.Discussion: Hence, our results highlight a close interrelationship between pollution, climatic factors and abundance of certain bacterial and fungal predicted functional groups also with potential implications for human health.
Risk relationship between leukocyte telomere length and constipation: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Chi Zhenfei , Bai Xuesong , Zhang Zhe 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveSome epidemiological studies have investigated the associations between aging and constipation, yet their outcomes are inconclusive, so we strive to ascertain whether aging is the cause of constipation.MethodsWe conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using publicly accessible genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics. As a marker of cellular and biological aging, we employed 15 single-nucleotide polymorphisms as instrumental variables for leukocyte telomere length (LTL) as exposure and a GWAS for constipation in the Finnish database as an outcome. To select the instrumental variables strongly associated with the phenotype, we eliminated confounding factors and direct effects outcomes to determine the causal relationship of exposure factors on the outcome; the analysis was mainly performed using the random-effect inverse variance weighting method, MR-Egger, weighted median, and sensitivity analysis of the results.ResultsRandom effect inverse variance weighted odds ratio = 1.035 (95% CI 0.907–1.180), but p = 0.612, which was not statistically significant. Other statistical methods, such as MR-Egger and weighted median, also yielded non-significant results.ConclusionLTL as a proxy for aging does not necessarily indicate an increased likelihood of constipation. Further research is needed to explore the specific mechanisms of constipation.
SVep1, a temperate phage of human oral commensal Streptococcus vestibularis
Authors: Wu Miaomiao , Zhu Yanpeng , Yang Yuhui , Gong Yali , Chen Zongyue , Liao Binyou , Xiong Yu , Zhou Xia , Li Yan 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionBacteriophages play a vital role in the human oral microbiome, yet their precise impact on bacterial physiology and microbial communities remains relatively understudied due to the limited isolation and characterization of oral phages. To address this gap, the current study aimed to isolate and characterize novel oral phages.MethodsTo achieve this, oral bacteria were isolated using a culture-omics method from 30 samples collected from healthy individuals. These bacteria were then cultured in three different types of media under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The samples were subsequently subjected to full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing for analysis. Subsequently, we performed the isolation of lytic and lysogenic phages targeting all these bacteria.ResultsIn the initial step, a total of 75 bacterial strains were successfully isolated, representing 30 species and 9 genera. Among these strains, Streptococcus was found to have the highest number of species. Using a full-length 16S rRNA gene similarity threshold of 98.65%, 14 potential novel bacterial species were identified. In the subsequent phase, a temperate phage, which specifically targets the human oral commensal bacterium S. vestibularis strain SVE8, was isolated. The genome of S. vestibularis SVE8 consists of a 1.96-megabase chromosome, along with a 43,492-base pair prophage designated as SVep1. Annotation of SVep1 revealed the presence of 62 open reading frames (ORFs), with the majority of them associated with phage functions. However, it is worth noting that no plaque formation was observed in S. vestibularis SVE8 following lytic induction using mitomycin C. Phage particles were successfully isolated from the supernatant of mitomycin C-treated cultures of S. vestibularis SVE8, and examination using transmission electron microscopy confirmed that SVep1 is a siphovirus. Notably, phylogenetic analysis suggested a common ancestral origin between phage SVep1 and the cos-type phages found in S. thermophilus.DiscussionThe presence of SVep1 may confer immunity to S. vestibularis against infection by related phages and holds potential for being engineered as a genetic tool to regulate oral microbiome homeostasis and oral diseases.
Compensatory saccade in the vestibular impaired monkey
Authors: Kojima Yoshiko , Ling Leo , Phillips James O. 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionLoss of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) affects visual acuity during head movements. Patients with unilateral and bilateral vestibular deficits often use saccadic eye movements to compensate for an inadequate VOR. Two types of compensatory saccades have been distinguished, covert saccades and overt saccades. Covert saccades occur during head rotation, whereas overt saccades occur after the head has stopped moving. The generation of covert saccades is part of a central vestibular compensation process that improves visual acuity and suppresses oscillopsia. Understanding the covert saccade mechanism may facilitate vestibular rehabilitation strategies that can improve the patient’s quality of life. To understand the brain mechanisms underlying covert saccades at the neural level, studies in an animal model are necessary. In this study, we employed non-human primates whose vestibular end organs are injured.MethodsWe examined eye movement during the head-impulse test, which is a clinical test to evaluate the vestibulo-ocular reflex. During this test, the monkeys are required to fixate on a target and the head is rapidly and unexpectedly rotated to stimulate the horizontal semi-circular canals.ResultsSimilar to human subjects, monkeys made compensatory saccades. We compared these saccades with catch-up saccades following a moving target that simulates the visual conditions during the head impulse test. The shortest latency of the catch-up saccades was 250 ms, which indicates that it requires at least 250 ms to induce saccades by a visual signal. The latency of some compensatory saccades is shorter than 250 ms during the head impulse test, suggesting that such short latency compensatory saccades were not induced visually. The peak velocity of the short latency saccades was significantly lower than that of longer latency saccades. The peak velocity of these longer latency saccades was closer to that of visually guided saccades induced by a stepping target.ConclusionThese results are consistent with studies in human patients. Thus, this study demonstrates, for the first time, compensatory covert saccades in vestibular impaired monkeys.
Comparative analysis of three decades' experience in the management of pregnant women with epilepsy: a real-life scenario
Authors: Válóczy Réka , Fekete István , Horváth László , Mészáros Zsófia , Fekete Klára 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionPeople with epilepsy have to face many challenges, including regular follow-ups, the need to take antiseizure medications (ASMs), and the fear of seizures. Pregnant women with epilepsy (PWWE) are a special group with even more challenges because they are responsible for the fetus. We aimed to evaluate the change in the frequency of pregnancies over the years and the possible role of newer types of ASMs concerning this change, the shift in medication use over three decades, and their possible impact on the outcome of the observed pregnancies.MethodsData were retrieved from the prospective Epilepsy Database of the Outpatient Clinic at our tertiary center between 1 January 1992 and 31 December 2020. Groups were formed for comparison in time and depending on whether regular care consultation was our task. Statistical analysis was carried out using Microsoft Office Excel 2021. Basic statistics and categorical variables were assessed using Pearson's χ2 test with Yates' correction. Differences were considered significant if the p-value was &lt;0.05. The odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals were calculated wherever needed.ResultsAltogether, 181 pregnancies were studied, mostly after 2002. The regular follow-up group consisted of 101 patients, with 44.5% presenting in the first trimester. The majority of seizures were either generalized or focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizure types (85.6%). Pregnancies ended in live births in 91.7%, which gradually improved over time, while spontaneous abortion did not differ significantly in the time interval groups. Mostly, monotherapy was provided. PWWEs had higher chances for seizure freedom in the regular-care group I: OR = 2.9 (2.15–3.65) p &lt; 0.0001. A shift toward newer-type ASMs was found as time passed. Levetiracetam and lamotrigine were more commonly used in the regular care group I than by those patients who were sent to consultation only and not treated at our center [OR = 3.18 (2.49–3.87)] p &lt; 0.0001.ConclusionThis is the first study in our region to evaluate experience in the treatment and outcome of PWWE. Having received reliable care and safer ASMs, the number of pregnancies among PWWEs grew. Data suggested that specialized centers' care offered cooperation with obstetricians is important. Moreover, professional care can also enable PWWEs to have uneventful pregnancies.
Hyper-acute effects of sub-concussive soccer headers on brain function and hemodynamics
Authors: Grijalva Carissa , Hale Dallin , Wu Lyndia , Toosizadeh Nima , Laksari Kaveh 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionSub-concussive head impacts in soccer are drawing increasing research attention regarding their acute and long-term effects as players may experience thousands of headers in a single season. During these impacts, the head experiences rapid acceleration similar to what occurs during a concussion, but without the clinical implications. The physical mechanism and response to repetitive impacts are not completely understood. The objective of this work was to examine the immediate functional outcomes of sub-concussive level impacts from soccer heading in a natural, non-laboratory environment.MethodsTwenty university level soccer athletes were instrumented with sensor-mounted bite bars to record impacts from 10 consecutive soccer headers. Pre- and post-header measurements were collected to determine hyper-acute changes, i.e., within minutes after exposure. This included measuring blood flow velocity using transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound, oxyhemoglobin concentration using functional near infrared spectroscopy imaging (fNIRS), and upper extremity dual-task (UEF) neurocognitive testing.ResultsOn average, the athletes experienced 30.7 ± 8.9 g peak linear acceleration and 7.2 ± 3.1 rad/s peak angular velocity, respectively. Results from fNIRS measurements showed an increase in the brain oxygenation for the left prefrontal cortex (PC) (p = 0.002), and the left motor cortex (MC) (p = 0.007) following the soccer headers. Additional analysis of the fNIRS time series demonstrates increased sample entropy of the signal after the headers in the right PC (p = 0.02), right MC (p = 0.004), and left MC (p = 0.04).DiscussionThese combined results reveal some variations in brain oxygenation immediately detected after repetitive headers. Significant changes in balance and neurocognitive function were not observed in this study, indicating a mild level of head impacts. This is the first study to observe hemodynamic changes immediately after sub-concussive impacts using non-invasive portable imaging technology. In combination with head kinematic measurements, this information can give new insights and a framework for immediate monitoring of sub-concussive impacts on the head.
Genomic profiling and sites of metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Chan Kok Hoe , Sridhar Arthi , Lin Ji Zheng , Jafri Syed Hassan Raza 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundWe investigated the biological predisposition to site of metastasis in patients with NSCLC based on their molecular profiling and program death ligand PD-L1 status. We sought to identify any association between metastatic site and molecular profile in NSCLC patients.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of patients with stage IV NSCLC who were newly diagnosed from January 2014 to June 2022. Clinical characteristics, pathology, molecular reports, and imaging were retrieved and analyzed.ResultsA total of 143 patients were included in the study. Median age was 65 years, with an equal number of men (n=71) and women (n=72). The most common histology was adenocarcinoma (81.8%). At least one genetic mutation was discovered in 100 patients. Mutations with a targetable drug were found in 86 patients. The most common mutations were TP53 (25.2%), EGFR (24.5%), KRAS/NRAS (20.3%), and CDKN2A/2B (7.7%). Patients with any mutation were significantly more likely to have metastatic disease to the brain (57% vs. 37%, p=0.03), but there was no difference in metastatic disease to bone (34% vs. 26%, p=0.32). Patients without a discoverable mutation were significantly more likely to have metastatic disease to other sites (e.g., adrenal gland 91% vs. liver 66%, p=0.002). There was no difference in progression-free survival (PFS) or overall survival (OS) between those with versus without mutations. Median PFS and OS were significantly longer in patients with an EGFR mutation than those with KRAS/NRAS or TP53 mutations. Patients with PD-L1 &gt;1% or TP53 were significantly more likely to have metastatic disease to organs other than bone or brain (p=0.047 and p=0.023, respectively). We identified four prognostic groups in metastatic NSCLC. Patients with PD-L1 &lt;1% and no actionable mutations have the poorest prognosis, with median survival of around 20 months.ConclusionPatients with mutations discoverable on NGS are more likely to have metastatic disease to the brain. KRAS/NRAS in particular has a predilection to metastasize to the brain and bone. PD-L1 expression and a TP53 mutation, on the other hand, tend to lead to metastasis of NSCLC to organs other than brain or bone. These results need to be corroborated in larger prospective studies.
β3GNT9 as a prognostic biomarker in glioblastoma and its association with glioblastoma immune infiltration, migration and invasion
Authors: Luo YingHao , Wang Kan , Zhan Lu , Zeng Fanyue , Zheng Jie , Chen Sijing , Duan Xingbang , Ju Donghui 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundStudies have shown that the immune infiltration of tumor microenvironment is related to the prognosis of glioblastoma, which is characterized by high heterogeneity, high recurrence rate and low survival rate. To unravel the role of β1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-9 (β3GNT9) in the progression of glioblastoma, this study identifies the value of β3GNT9 as a prognostic biomarker in glioblastoma, and investigates the relationship between β3GNT9 expression and glioblastoma immune infiltration, migration and invasionMethodsβ3GNT9 expression in glioblastoma was analyzed using the GEPIA database. The clinical features of glioblastoma were screened out from the TCGA database. The relationship between β3GNT9 expression and clinical features was analyzed. The relationship between β3GNT9 and the prognosis of glioblastoma was evaluated through univariate and multivariate COX regression analyses, and the survival analysis was conducted using the Kaplan-Meier method. GSEA was employed to predict the signaling pathway of β3GNT9 in glioblastoma. The correlation between β3GNT9 and tumor immune infiltration was analyzed using the related modules of CIBERSORT and TIMER. A172, U87MG and U251 cell lines were selected to verify β3GNT9 expression in vitro. The effects of β3GNT9 on the migration and invasion of glioblastoma were investigated through cell scratch and invasion assays.Resultsβ3GNT9 expression in glioblastoma group was significantly higher than that in normal brain tissue group (P&lt;0.05). The overall survival rate in high β3GNT9 expression group was significantly lower than that in low β3GNT9 expression group (P&lt;0.05). Regression analyses suggested that β3GNT9, involved primarily in glucosamine degradation and extracellular matrix receptor interaction, could be an independent prognostic factor for glioblastoma. CIBERSORT and GEPIA database analyses showed that β3GNT9 was correlated with tumor infiltrating immune cells such as T follicular helper cells, activating natural killer cells, monocytes, macrophages, and eosinophils, thus affecting the immune microenvironment of glioblastoma. Cell experiments confirmed that β3GNT9 was highly expressed in A172, U87MG and U251 cell lines (P&lt;0.05), and promoted the migration and invasion of glioblastoma (P&lt;0.05).ConclusionThe increased expression of β3GNT9 in glioblastoma can affect the immune microenvironment of glioblastoma and promote its migration and invasion. β3GNT9 can be used as a potential independent prognostic biomarker for patients with glioblastoma.