bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of bone mineral density in forearm and hip regions and evaluation of area of these 2 sites
Authors: Rajaei Alireza , Abbasi Zahra , Emam Mohammad Mehdi , Ahmadzadeh Arman , Farsad Faraneh , Sadraee Haleh 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Osteoporosis is a common disease among middle-aged and older people. Because bone mineral density (BMD) is obtained by dividing bone mineral content by area, accurate measurement of the surface of the studied area plays an important role. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the area of the hip and forearm regions based on gender and height.

Methods:
In a cross-sectional descriptive study of 758 individuals (702 female and 56 male, divided into 2 groups of ≥50 years old and <50 years old), experienced personnel performed densitometry of the forearm and femur using a Hologic device. The results were statistically analyzed using SPSS software version 21.

Results:
In women ≥50 years old who were of white race, one-third of the forearm BMD showed moderate agreement with the femoral neck BMD, and in this group, total forearm BMD showed moderate agreement with the femoral neck BMD. In women <50 years old of Caucasian race, one-third of the forearm BMD showed good agreement with the femoral trochanter. In the same group of individuals, total forearm BMD also showed very good agreement with the femoral trochanter. In women <50 years old of white race, one-third of the forearm BMD showed good agreement with all 4 regions in the femur (trochanter, intertrochanteric, neck, total), and in the same group of individuals, total forearm BMD showed very good agreement with all 4 regions of the femur.

Conclusion:
According to the results obtained for comparison of forearm one-third with hip areas, it seems that simultaneous measurement of the forearm one-third area and different hip areas increases the accuracy of total BMD measurement.
A cross-sectional study of clinical and laboratory characteristics of systemic lupus erythematosus in tribal region of Jharkhand at RIMS, Ranchi
Authors: Kumar Ravi , Kumar Abhay , Saroj Usha , Kumar Madhusudan , Singh Satyendra Kumar , Kumar Awanish , Singh Pramod Kumar , Munda Punam Kumari , Choudhary Anil Kumar , Farheen Zobia 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of unknown etiology, mainly affecting female of child-bearing age group. Clinical scenario of SLE is not well defined in east region of India, especially in tribal region of Jharkhand. This article is mainly focused on clinical and laboratory characteristics of SLE in tribal region of Jharkhand.

Materials and Methods:
This was an analytical cross-sectional single-centered study conducted at RIMS, Ranchi, a tertiary care center of Jharkhand, between November 2020 and October 2021. A total 50 patients were diagnosed as SLE based on Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics criteria.

Results:
Forty-five (90%) of patients in our study were female, with female to male ratio of 9:1. The mean age of presentation was 26.78 ± 8.12. Constitutional symptoms were found in 96% of patients, followed by anemia in 90% of patients. Renal involvement was found in 74% of patients, followed by polyarthritis (72%), malar rash (60%), and neurological manifestations (40%). Anti-nuclear antibody, anti-dsDNA, and anti-Smith antibodies were found positive in 100%, 84%, and 80% of patients, respectively.

Conclusions:
Clinical characteristics of SLE as per our study would help the health care professionals in this region to identify the disease at early stage and initiate appropriate treatment.
Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among diabetes, prediabetes and healthy population
Authors: Kumar Pratyush , Rawat Sonia , Kakar Atul , Sinha Abhay K. 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global emerging health issue, which is due to extra fat deposition in the liver that poses a serious risk of liver cirrhosis. Our study assessed the glycaemic status and NAFLD in health patients coming for a regular health check-ups.

Material and Methods:
This descriptive study was done on 192 healthy populations aged 30–70 years who underwent general health check-ups. History, clinical examination, heamtological and radiological workup were done and data were statistically evaluated.

Results:
The age of the study population was between 30 and 70 years with an average age of 50 years and the study sample size was 190. Prevalence of prediabetes was 35.93%, diabetes at 17.18% and euglycaemics were 45.83% in our study group. Among diabetics and prediabetics, 30% and 31% were having raised transaminase. Among euglycaemics, around 19% had raised transaminase. On ultrasound scans among the diabetic group, the prevalence of fatty liver was 57.6% whereas in the prediabetic group it was 46.4%. Among the normal euglycaemic group, 22.7% had fatty liver.

Conclusion:
NAFLD is multifactorial and associated with diabetes and can progress to cirrhosis of the liver if untreated. There is a need to have more focus on screening, awareness, nutritional counselling and treatment at the primary care level.
Clinical and epidemiological profile of snakebite cases – A study from an industrial teaching hospital at Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India
Authors: Satyanarayan Bhagyalakshmi , Panda Suman Kumar , Sunder Ashok , Kumari Sarita 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
India accounts for approximately half of the worldwide snakebite deaths. It is often a neglected public health problem and particularly in Jharkhand region where medical facilities are limited. Epidemiological and clinical profile-related studies are scarce. The present study aims to assess the epidemiological profile and clinical features of snakebites encountered in a tertiary-care teaching hospital at Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India.

Aims and Objective:
The aim of this study was to assess the clinical profile, outcome and epidemiological factors of snakebite cases, admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Jamshedpur.

Material and Methods:
This was a retrospective study from 2014 to 2021 wherein a total of 427 snakebite patients were admitted and had received treatment for snakebite at a tertiary-care teaching hospital at Jamshedpur, Jharkhand. All patients who reported with a history of snakebite were included in this study. The demographic and clinical details of each case were obtained and analysed.

Result:
A total of 427 snakebite cases were admitted to the hospital during the study period. The victims were predominantly males. Majority of the bite cases encountered were from rural areas and were in the second quarter of the year. The site of the bite was largely on the lower limb and the upper limb had fewer bites. The Glasgow Coma Scale was normal in those who presented early. Acute kidney injury, neutrophilic leucocytosis and deranged liver enzymes were associated with bad prognosis. Timely intervention with anti-snake venom offered good result.

Conclusion:
We had more male patients (69.55%), belonging to rural areas (67.91%), more bites in lower limbs and more cases in the second quarter of the year. Mortality rate was 0.7%.
Comparing the efficacy and complications of Endoscopic Biliary Drainage (EBD) and Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage (PTBD) in patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Sanjari Pirayvatlou Peyman , Roushan Nader , Sanjari Pirayvatlou Pouyan , Majidi Alireza , Khorshidi Zeinab 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction and Objective:
Hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA) is a rare malignancy in patients with biliary disease. If jaundice and obstruction before surgery are left untreated, then they can cause side effects such as cholangitis, delayed tumor treatment, decreased quality of life, and increased mortality. Surgery is the main treatment for HCCA. Therefore, this study was performed to compare the efficacy and complications of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) and endoscopic biliary drainage (EBD).

Methods:
This cohort study was conducted on 20 patients with biliary obstruction who had been selected by simple random sampling and divided into two groups of EBD and PTBD. Three weeks after surgery, patients were compared in terms of bilirubin levels and postoperative complications. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics (table, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (independent t-test, Chi-square test, and Fisher’s test).

Results:
Independent t-test did not show a significant difference between the two groups in terms of bilirubin level (P = 0.77). However, despite a decrease in bilirubin level in both groups, independent t-test showed that this difference was not significant (P = 0.08). Fisher’s exact test showed a significant difference between the two groups in terms of postoperative complications (P = 0.02).

Conclusion:
Using both drainage methods before surgery reduced bilirubin levels in patients, but EBD method had fewer side effects than PTBD method. The EBD method was performed under the direct supervision of a gastroenterologist. In performing this procedure, specialist physicians should have more supervision.
Comparing intensity of pain due to intravenous injection of sodium thiopental, propofol, diazepam, and etomidate during induction of general anesthesia
Authors: Abdi Naeem , Alizadeh Masumeh , Bashti Somayeh , Hejr Hossein , Sabz Gholamabbas , Zaj Parisa , Mansourian Afshin , Gholamiyan Avishan 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:
The aim of the present study was to compare the pain intensity due to intravenous injection of sodium thiopental, propofol, diazepam, and etomidate during the induction of general anesthesia.

Methods:
This was a non-controlled quasi-experimental double-blinded study performed on eligible patients referred to the operating room of Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Yasouj. A total of 200 patients were randomly selected by convenience sampling and based on a table of random numbers generated on a computer. They were then randomly divided into four intervention groups based on random blocks (sodium thiopental, propofol, etomidate, and diazepam). Finally, the collected data were analyzed using descriptive as well as analytical statistical tests such as Chi-square, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), and Bonferroni post hoc test were analyzed in SPSS ver. 24.

Results:
The results of the present study showed that the diazepam group experienced the highest pain intensity (8.42) compared to other groups, which was statistically significant (P = 0.001). Also, the sodium thiopental group experienced the highest pain (6.92) after the diazepam group, which was also statistically significant as compared to the other remaining two groups (P = 0.001). Propofol and etomidate groups experienced the lowest pain intensity (3.30 and 3.26, respectively).

Conclusion:
The present study revealed that the use of diazepam and sodium thiopental as anesthetic drugs was generally associated with greater pain intensity during injection and less hemodynamic stability. The results of the present study indicated that propofol and etomidate are preferred over diazepam and sodium thiopental in abdominal and gastrointestinal surgeries, considering their less pain intensity and fewer hemodynamic changes.
Epilepsy in Children: Cognitive Development and Academic Performance
Authors: Kacheria Aayushi N. , Kanhere Sujata V. , Goel Anjalee 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Context:
Majority of epilepsy begins in childhood and may adversely affect cognitive development making children with epilepsy (CWE) vulnerable to educational problems. Paucity of studies from India evaluating the cognitive development and academic performance of school-going CWE emphasizes the need for this study.

Aims:
The aim of this article is to assess the cognitive development and academic performance of school-going CWE, between 6 and 12 years of age.

Settings and Design:
This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Pediatric Neurology Clinic in a tertiary level teaching hospital.

Materials and Methods:
Forty CWE aged 6–12 years, attending regular school, and taking anti-epileptic drugs were assessed for their cognitive development (IQ) using Malin’s Intelligence Scale for Indian Children and their academic performance using the school annual report card.

Statistical Analysis:
Tests of significance such as χ2, one-way analysis of variance, and Kruskal–Wallis test were used, P < 0.05 taken as statistically significant.

Results:
The mean IQ of CWE was 85.6. Sixteen children (42.1%) had an IQ of 90 and above, 15 (39.5%) had an IQ of 70–89, and 7 (18.42%) had Intellectual Disability (IQ<70). Eighty-five percent of CWE scored above 50% in their previous academic year. The category with a higher academic performance had a higher mean IQ (P = 0.001). The category with a lower academic performance had a higher mean number of seizures (P = 0.048).

Conclusion:
The majority of school-going CWE on treatment (81.58%) did not have intellectual disability with average-to-good performance in school. Seizure control affected academic performance positively.
Calvarial melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy: A rare case report
Authors: Nandigama Pratap Kumar , Manne Srikrishnaditya , Musali Siddartha Reddy , Beniwal Hemant Kumar , Rao Gollapudi Prakash 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background:
Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MTNI) is a rare congenital tumor of neural crest origin. It is a locally aggressive tumor affecting infants during the first year of life. It commonly arises in the maxilla, mandible, and in the cranial vault. MTNI is usually a benign lesion. Occasionally, it may turn malignant. Though the tumor can be detected by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, an exact diagnosis can only be made by histopathology and immunostaining. Complete surgical excision of the tumor is the gold standard treatment of choice. Benign cranial vault tumors have a good prognosis in contrast to malignant tumors.

Case Description:
A 3-year-old male child was brought by his mother to the outpatient department with complaints of a large swelling on the left temporal-parieto-occipital region. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were done which revealed a large hyperdense and hypointense mass in the left temporal-parieto-occipital region with lytic alterations in the skull. The tumor was excised, and tissue sent for histopathology and immunostaining, which revealed a diagnosis of a malignant neuroectodermal tumor of infancy. The patient recovered well in the follow-up period.

Conclusion:
We report an exceedingly rare case of giant malignant neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (progonoma).
Leishmania RNA Virus Is Not Detected in All Species of the Leishmania Viannia Subgenus: The Case of L. (V.) panamensis in Colombia
Authors: Rosales-Chilama Mariana , Y. Oviedo Monica , K. Quintero Yury , L. Fernández Olga , Gómez María Adelaida 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT.
The endosymbiotic Leishmania RNA virus 1 (LRV1) has been associated with severity and clinical manifestations of American tegumentary leishmaniasis caused by species of the Leishmania (Viannia) subgenus. Between and within Leishmania species, and among endemic countries, the prevalence of LRV is highly variable. The LRV virus has not been detected in L. (V.) panamensis, the second-most prevalent species in Central America and Colombia. However, no systematic screening of LRV has been conducted in L. (V.) panamensis, and thus it is still controversial whether this virus is truly absent from the species. We sought to determine the prevalence of LRV1 in L. (V.) panamensis clinical strains isolated from patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), from different geographic areas of Colombia. We analyzed 219 clinical strains; 78% were L. (V.) panamensis, 18% were L. (V.) braziliensis, and 4% were L. (V.) guyanensis. Screening for LRV1 was performed by quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. The LRV1 was detected in 18% (7 of 40) of L. (V) braziliensis strains, and was not detected in any of the L. (V.) guyanensis or L. (V.) panamensis strains. The LRV1-positive L. (V). braziliensis strains came from the Amazon Basin. Of the seven LRV1-positive strains, two were isolated from patients with mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, and the remaining from patients with CL. Our results confirm the absence of LRV1 in L. (V.) panamensis in Colombia.
Case Report: Mpox – Not Just a Rash
Authors: Contag Caitlin A. , Karan Abraar , Studemeister Lucy , Bansil Rajat , Fong Isabel , Srinivasan Krithika , Salinas Jorge L. , Narasimhan Supriya , Cooper Joseph D. , Sahni Harleen 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT.
Mpox (formally monkeypox) is an Orthopoxvirus associated with both zoonotic and person-to-person spread. Human mpox classically presents with rash and systemic symptoms. Although sporadic outbreaks of mpox have occurred worldwide, the 2022 outbreak is the first of pandemic significance. Thousands of geographically dispersed cases were reported beginning in May 2022. The clinical presentations and outcomes of mpox infection have varied greatly based on viral clade. Further guidance is needed for clinicians to diagnose and treat this emerging infection. We present five clinical vignettes of confirmed cases diagnosed in June and July 2022 in northern California to demonstrate the range of mpox disease, including myocarditis, pharyngitis, epididymitis, and proctitis. We note a significant overlap with HIV infection and a high rate of concurrent sexually transmitted infection. Given the heterogenous presentations of mpox disease, clinicians should maintain a high degree of suspicion in patients with oropharyngeal or genital lesions, proctitis, or new rash.
The International Law Perspective of Welfare against Indigenous People in the Omnibus Law on Job Creation
Authors: Sulbadana Sulbadana , Irwansyah Irwansyah , Tampubolon Hatta Roma 
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Indigenous peoples attach customary rights to themselves, namely rights owned by a legal alliance (such as Lipu, Boya, Ngata, Banua, etc.), where the citizens of the community (the legal alliance) have the right to control the land, the implementation of which is regulated by the head of the guild (the chief/village head concerned). Based on this right, the customary rights of indigenous peoples are basic rights inherent in the life of these people that are not a gift from the state. It is the same with the basic rights inherent in every human being, for example the right to life, which is not a gift of the state.Purposes of the Research: Review and analyze international law relating to the welfare of Indigenous Peoples in the Omnibus Law on Job Creation.Methods of the Research: Its legal position in the Job Creation Law which has the character of omnibus law through juridical studies with a philosophical approach, conceptual approach, and a statutory approach.Results of the Research: The right of indigenous peoples which is essentially the right to the value of justice and welfare value to the use of natural resources of indigenous peoples who not yet the maximum expected in the job creation law can provide justice and welfare for indigenous peoples over exploited customary territories.
IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROJECT BASE LEARNIG DI ERA KURIKULUM MERDEKA
Authors: MUJIBURRAHMAN MUJIBURRAHMAN , SUHARDI MUHAMAD , HADIJAH SITI NUR 
Published: January 2023

The teacher is a model that students want to emulate in speech, manners, behavior, and in all actions seen by students so that the teacher must really be the expected role model, but in the learning process the teacher needs various learning models so that learning objectives can be achieved . The learning model is a conceptual framework that is used as a guide in carrying out learning that is arranged systematically to achieve learning objectives related to syntax, social systems, reaction principles and support systems. Project-based learning is student-centered learning with a dynamic classroom approach where it is believed that students can gain deeper knowledge through active exploration of real-world challenges and problems. In the independent curriculum it is suggested to apply project based learning to support character development in accordance with the Pancasila Student Profile. National webinar activities assist participants in understanding the implementation of project-based learning models in the independent curriculum era with the aim of participants being able to implement project-based learning in learning activities in their respective classes that are adapted to the conditions and characteristics of students. This activity was carried out in three terms, namely opening, delivering material, and discussion. As a result, participants get an adequate picture to understand and implement PjBL in the independent curriculum era.
ABSTRAK Guru merupakan model yang hendak ditiru oleh siswa dalam tutur kata, adab, tingkah laku, dan dalam segala tindakan yang dilihat oleh siswa sehingga guru harus betul-betul menjadi tauladan yang diharapkan, namun dalam proses pembelajaran guru membutuhkan berbagai model pembelajaran sehingga tujuan pembelajaran dapat tercapai. Model pembelajaran merupakan kerangka konseptual yang digunakan sebagai pedoman dalam melakukan pembelajaran yang disusun secara sistematis untuk mencapai tujuan belajar yang menyangkut sintaksis, sistem sosial, prinsip reaksi dan sistem pendukung. Pembelajaran berbasis proyek adalah pembelajaran yang berpusat pada siswa dengan pendekatan ruang kelas yang dinamis di mana diyakini bahwa siswa dapat memperoleh pengetahuan yang lebih dalam melalui eksplorasi aktif tantangan dan masalah dunia nyata. Dalam kurikulum merdeka disarankan untuk menerapkan pembelajaran berbasis proyek (project based learning) untuk mendukung pengembangan karakter sesuai dengan Profil Pelajar Pancasila. Kegiatan webinar nasional membantu peserta dalam memahami implementasi model pembelajaran berbasis proyek di era kurikulum merdeka dengan tujuan peserta dapat mengimplementasikan project based learning dalam kegiatan pembelajaran di kelas masing-masing yang disesuaikan dengan kondisi dan karakteristik peserta didik. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan dengan tiga termin yakni pembukaan, penyampaian materi, dan diskusi. Hasilnya peserta mendapatkan gambaran yang cukup untuk memahami dan mengimplementasikan PjBL di era kurikulum merdeka.
SISTEM INFORMASI ADMINISTRASI PEMBAYARAN SEKOLAH TERINTEGRASI BARCODE READER DENGAN METODE BERORIENTASI OBJEK BERBASIS CLIENT SERVER
Authors: Priyadi Priyadi  , Budi Santoso  
Published: January 2023

Recording financial transactions is an important activity that must be carried out by a business. In accounting, recording financial transactions is a fundamental thing that must be done. With these records, all business financial transactions can be accounted for and brought to the financial statements. Computerized technology using barcodes in payment transactions has the aim of increasing speed, accuracy, and service quality. In carrying out payment administration activities still using the manual system will have an impact on the Administrative officer having difficulty finding data on students who want to pay and the network (LAN) has not been implemented on the computer is also a problem at the research site, because to share data with the treasurer and principal becomes constrained, data can be damaged, lost or misused because its security is not guaranteed.
In solving these problems, the researchers collected data and facts that existed at the research site, then designed a payment administration information that was in accordance with the needs of the school. In making Administrative Information System Integrated With Barcode Reader, researchers used Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 programming language, MySQL Server database as data storage media and Subtime Text as tools to create source code. In the preparation of this application using object-oriented methods.