bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of lung biopsy via mini-thoracoscopy in interstitial lung diseases
Authors: Bondok Khaled I. , Mansour Ahmed El-Sayed , El Said Amany R. , Shebl Abdelhadi M. , Rezk Nasef Abd El-Salam 
Published: April 2023

Introduction
Histopathological examination of interstitial lung diseases is important to assist diagnosis when the results of clinical assessment, laboratory investigations, high-resolution computed tomographic imaging, and pulmonary function testing do not allow making a confident diagnosis of a certain type or stage of interstitial lung disease.

Patients and methods
A total of 20 patients were enrolled in the study at Chest Medicine Department, Mansoura University Hospital, Mansoura, Egypt. A written informed consent for thoracoscope and tissue sampling was obtained from all patients. The patients were divided into two groups: group I underwent medical thoracoscope and group II underwent mini-thoracoscope.

Results
The biopsy size ranges from 3 to 9 mm, with a mean±SD of 6.2±1.4 mm in group I and 3.9±0.88 mm in group II. Fever was common in group I (50%) than group II (20%). Surgical emphysema was higher in group I, with a median (range) of 3 (2–3) and median (range) in group II was 1 (1–2). Bleeding was reported in most cases for each group, with median (range) of 1.5 (1–2) in group I and 1 (0–1) in group II. No cases were complicated with severe bleeding in both groups. Pain scoring was higher in group I with median (range) of 2 (0–3) and 1 (1–2) in group II. Only two cases in group I were complicated with persistent air leak more than or equal to 7 days. There is a statistically significant difference regarding bleeding, pain, and surgical emphysema (P=0.010, 0.044, 0.013). Diagnostic yield is 100% in both groups. Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia was the most common diagnosis in group I (40%) and in group II (60%), followed by usual interstitial pneumonia in three (30%) cases in group I and four (40%) cases in group II. The least common diagnosis is broncholites obliterans organising pneumonia (BOOP), pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP), and mucoid adenocarcinoma, which were encountered in 10% each in group I.

Conclusion
Lung biopsy can be performed with less invasive maneuver by mini-thoracoscopy, leading to decrease complications with good diagnostics.
Cementless total hip replacement for hip dysplasia: anatomical hip center is associated with better patient-reported functional outcome
Authors: Hammad Abdullah S , Gawish Hesham M 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Total hip arthroplasty in patients with dysplastic hips is a challenging procedure. The main goal of surgery is to achieve anatomical center of rotation to improve the abductor function, patient satisfaction, and implant survival. The aim of this study was to report the mid-term functional results using the Oxford hip score (OHS) after cementless total hip replacement (THR).

Patients and methods
This was a retrospective analysis of the prospectively collected data of patients who had a THR done at our institution with hip dysplasia. Between September 2011 and December 2019, a total of 23 consecutive patients (26 hips) with Crowe II–IV developmental dysplasia were treated with primary cementless THR. The mean age for patients included were 34.1 ± 15.2 years. Females were more than males. The left side was operated more than the right side, and there were three bilateral cases. The mean preoperative OHS was 21 ± 6.6 points.

Results
All patients were followed up for a mean of 3.4 ± 2.6 years (range, 1–11 years). None of the cases were lost to follow-up. The mean OHS improved significantly from 21.2 ± 6.6 points (range, 8–38) preoperatively to 40.9 ± 4.8 points (range, 28–48) in the final OHS (Z=4.45, P<0.001). Regarding the final OHS, both Crowe types II and III were better than Crowe type IV, and the difference was statistically significant. The functional leg length discrepancy improved from a median of 3 (0–7) cm preoperatively to 0 (0–3) cm postoperatively (Z=4.3, P<0.0001). All cases that required shortening were Crowe IV dysplasia (five cases). A total of 22 (88%) hips were reconstructed within 2 cm of the other hip.

Conclusion
Restoration of anatomic center of rotation as close as possible was associated with better functional outcome. Cementless fixation was possible in all cases.
Surgical outcomes of direct anterior approach versus lateral approach in primary total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Saleh Mohamed R A , Toreih Ahmed A , Gohar Mahmoud A 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a frequent orthopedic surgery. There are different approaches to hip such as anterior, posterior, or lateral approach.

Objectives
To assess the outcome of THA performed through the direct anterior approach (DAA) versus lateral approaches.

Patients and methods
This study involved 40 matched patients who underwent primary, elective THA. All cases were classified according to THA approach into two groups: 20 patients who underwent THA with a DAA and 20 patients with the lateral approach. We recorded reoperation rate, postoperative complications, visual analog scale pain scores, and modified Harris hip score (mHHS) for all patients.

Results
When mHHS was studied, it showed significant improvement postoperatively in both DAA and lateral approach groups (P<0.001). The DAA group showed a higher significant mHHS value at preoperatively (P=0.015), 1 month (P<0.001), 3 months (P<0.001), and 9 months (P=0.001) more than the lateral approach group. Regarding complications, the lateral approach group showed a significant increase in developing wound infection and instability (P=0.048, 0.027, and 0.048, respectively). No significant differences were found when comparing groups regarding loosening, deep infection, femoral complications, and acetabular malposition (P>0.05). Six cases in the lateral approach group needed reoperation with significant difference between this group and DAA group (P=0.027).

Conclusion
The DAA is a safe and efficacious surgical technique with reducing morbidity, complications, and accelerating functional recovery than the lateral approach in THA.
Immunogenicity of measles-rubella vaccine administered under India’s Universal Immunization Programme in the context of measles–rubella elimination goal: A longitudinal study
Authors: Verma Santosh Kumar , Shah Dheeraj , Singh Aaradhana , Singh Praveen Kumar , Das Shukla , Gupta Piyush 
Published: April 2023

Background & objectives:
There is a paucity of data regarding immunogenicity of recently introduced measles–rubella (MR) vaccine in Indian children, in which the first dose is administered below one year of age. This study was undertaken to assess the immunogenicity against rubella and measles 4-6 wk after one and two doses of MR vaccine administered under India’s Universal Immunization Programme (UIP).

Methods:
In this longitudinal study, 100 consecutive healthy infants (9-12 months) of either gender attending the immunization clinic of a tertiary care government hospital affiliated to a medical college of Delhi for the first dose of routine MR vaccination were enrolled. MR vaccine (0.5 ml, subcutaneous) was administered to the enrolled participants (1st dose at 9-12 months and 2nd dose at 15-24 months). On each follow up (4-6 wk post-vaccination), 2 ml of venous blood sample was collected to estimate the antibody titres against measles and rubella using quantitative ELISA kits. Seroprotection (>10 IU/ml for measles and >10 WHO U/ml for rubella) and antibody titres were evaluated after each dose.

Results:
The seroprotection rate against rubella was 97.5 and 100 per cent and against measles was 88.7 per cent and 100 per cent 4-6 wk after the first and second doses, respectively. The mean (standard deviation) titres against rubella and measles increased significantly (P<0.001) after the second dose in comparison to the levels after the first dose by about 100 per cent and 20 per cent, respectively.

Interpretation & conclusions:
MR vaccine administered below one year of age under the UIP resulted in seroprotection against rubella and measles in a large majority of children. Furthermore, its second dose resulted in seroprotection of all children. The current MR vaccination strategy of two doses, out of which the first is to be given to infants below one year of age, appears robust and justifiable among Indian children.
Emotional intelligence and tertiary care nurses of Bangalore, India – A cross-sectional study
Authors: Regy Minitta Maria , Ramesh Naveen 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:Nursing profession requires diverse skills, and emotional intelligence (EI) plays a role in helping them adapt to adverse situations as a part of their work environment. The study objective was to determine the prevalence of EI with its associated factors among the nursing professionals from selected four tertiary care hospitals in Bangalore.MATERIALS AND METHODS:This was a multicentric, cross-sectional study done among nurses with more than 1 year of work experience, who were randomly selected from tertiary care hospitals in Bangalore. Data was collected, both online and offline, owing to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, and the Emotional Intelligence Scale was used following obtaining informed consent. Data analysis included mean, associations, and regression.RESULTS:Out of the total 294, the mean age of the study participants was 27 ± 4.92 years. A total of 75 (25.5%) had poor EI. Although there were not any significant association between the specialty and EI subscales, a significant association was found to be present between total years of work experience and all five subscales of EI: self-awareness (P= 0.009), social regulation (P= 0.004), motivation (P= 0.012), social awareness (P= 0.008), and social skills (P= 0.049), respectively. Logistic regression showed a significant finding where nursing staff with more work experience had a higher EI (OR 0.012, 95% CI 1.288–8.075) than those with less work experience.CONCLUSION:The prevalence of poor EI among nursing professionals was 25%, and EI scores increased with increasing work experience, and this was found to be significant. Thereby, EI building workshops/training, as a part of the nursing curriculum, may help improve their quality of care and resilience in demanding work environments.
Effect of multi-component exercises program on pain-related gait adaptations among individuals with osteoarthritis of the knee joint
Authors: Bhore Prachiti , Shinde Sandeep 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:
Osteoarthritis of the knee causes pain and gait disturbances, as well as a distinct gait pattern. Patients with knee OA have decreased range of motion (ROM) and increased ground reaction force. OA reduces stride length and walking speed.

OBJECTIVES:
To determine the effect of a multi-component exercise program on pain-related gait adaptations among individuals with osteoarthritis of the knee joint and to compare the effect of multi-component exercises with traditional exercises on pain-related gait adaptations among individuals with osteoarthritis of the knee joint.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This was an experimental study done between 120 patients having knee OA, of both genders, and between the age group of 50–65 years. These individuals were residents of the city of Karad and they were randomly divided into group A (conventional/traditional) and group B (experimental). A pretest assessment was done and the treatment was given for 6 weeks. The later posttest assessment was done and further statistical tests like paired and unpaired t tests were used.

RESULTS:
Among the 120 subjects with OA knee, the age group of 60–65 years (44%) was found to be commonly affected. Thirty-nine were males (32.5%) and 81 were females (67.5%). Fifty-eight subjects (48%) were found to be commonly overweight. Thirty-two subjects (27%) had Genu Valgum deformity, and 88 subjects (73%) had Genu Varum deformity at the knee joint. The Pvalue within both group A and group B was found to be statistically significant for the entire outcome measures used for assessment. The pretest vs post test values of the WOMAC scale for patients with knee OA within both groups were found to be extremely significant (P < 0.0001). As for the MMT score in these patients, the Knee Flexors of Group A were not significant for right side (P = 0.7088) as well as for left side (P = 0.083) and in Group B they were extremely significant (P < 0.0001) for both sides. For the ROM scores within both groups, Knee Flexion of Group A for both sides was found to be extremely significant (P < 0.0001) for both sides. And for the pretest vs posttest values of within the groups'gait parameters among these patients with OA knees, for cadence both groups B were found to be extremely significant (P < 0.0001). The stride length for Group A was found to be very significant (P = 0.0060) and for Group B it was (P < 0.0001). Also, the P values of the various outcome measures between both groups were found to have statistical significance of their own.

CONCLUSION:
Effect of Multi-Component Exercise Program on Pain-Related Gait Adaptations Among Individuals with Osteoarthritis of the Knee joint was found to be significant in pain reduction, improving strength, range of motion, and the gait parameters such as an increase in cadence, stride length, step length and decrease in the step width.
The impacts of head trauma management education on the clinical decision-making of pre-hospital emergency staff
Authors: Hani Esmaeil , Saeedi Maryam , Hekmatpou Davood 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:
The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of head trauma management education by the scenario method versus lecturing on clinical decision-making by pre-hospital emergency staff.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This was an educational trial on 60 pre-hospital emergency staff, performed in Saveh in 2020–2021. The participants fulfilling inclusion criteria entered the study and were randomly allocated to two groups: scenario (n = 30) and lecture (n = 30). Clinical decision-making scores for head trauma patient management were determined at the beginning and end of the study using a researcher-made questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and SPSS software version 16.

RESULTS:
At post-intervention, the mean score of clinical decision-making was 75.28 ± 11.7 in the scenario group and 68.55 ± 11.91 in the lecture group. The results of the independent t-test showed that the mean score of clinical decision-making was significantly higher in the scenario group compared with the lecture group (p = 0.04). The results of paired t-test showed a significant increase in the mean score of clinical decision-making in both groups after the intervention (p < 0.05); however, the mean of increment was higher in the scenario group (9.77 ± 7.63) than in the lecture group (1.79 ± 3).

CONCLUSION:
Regarding the impact of scenario-based education on learners' intellectual abilities and creativity, it seems that this type of education can be an appropriate alternative to traditional educational methods. Therefore, it is suggested to incorporate this method in the training programs of pre-hospital emergency staff.
Development of attributes and levels of mental health insurance services using a discrete choice experiment
Authors: Rahmani Hojjat , Talebianpour Hamid , Sharafi Sayedeh Elham , Daroudi Rajabali , Jaafaripooyan Ebrahim 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:
Despite the fact that mental illness is among the ten top diseases with the highest burden, the health services required by these patients do not have adequate insurance coverage. The purpose of this study is to develop the attributes and levels of mental health insurance services using a discrete choice experiment (DCE).

MATERIALS AND METHOD:
This study involved a qualitative phase of the DCE that was conducted in Iran in 2020-2021 and included several stages. First, during a literature review, the attributes and levels were determined. Then, the attributes of health insurance were identified and weighed through virtual and in-person interviews with 16 mental health insurance professionals and policymakers in this field who were selected by purposive sampling. Finally, after a few sessions, through review studies, interviews, and a group of the expert panel, attributes and levels were finalized.

RESULTS:
This study showed that coverage of inpatient services, outpatient services, place of receiving services, use of online internet services, limitation of services, and monthly premiums were the most important attributes of mental health insurance services.

CONCLUSION:
To promote mental health insurance, policymakers and health insurance organizations should pay attention to premiums to be commensurate with the payment of people, packages of mental health services, and the ability of people to pay in appropriation with inflation. Identifying these attributes can determine people's willingness to pay and preferences for mental health insurance and lead to better planning for more comprehensive coverage for patients and increase the desirability of individuals in receiving services.
Educational needs of type 1 diabetes mellitus T1DM children and adolescents in Morocco: A qualitative study
Authors: Ait-Taleb Lahsen Hanaâ , Ragala Mohammed El Amine , El Abed Hanane , Hajjaj Safaa , El Makhtari Rajae , Benani Sarah , El Hilaly Jaouad , Zarrouq Btissame , Halim Karima 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus T1DM is a chronic disease, mainly observed in children or young adults, with a significantly increased incidence in young children. To enable diabetic children and adolescents to lead a healthy life and manage their disease effectively, right from diagnosis, they must benefit from therapeutic patient education TPE whose first stage is an educational diagnosis. This study aimed to identify the educational needs of T1DM children and adolescents through an educational diagnosis.

METHODS AND MATERIAL:
A qualitative study was conducted with T1DM children and adolescents, aged 8 to 18, at the pediatric department. This qualitative study was conducted through semi-structured face-to-face individual interviews based on a guide with 20 participants in 2022. The internationally recognized ethical research principles were respected and ethical approval was obtained. Data analysis were carried out according to the principles of the reflexive approach of thematic analysis.

RESULTS:
The interviews' thematic analysis revealed five educational themes: Knowledge about T1DM and its complications risks, measures and attitudes for disease monitoring and therapy management, crisis and short-term complications management, diet and physical activity management, and adaptation of daily life to the disease and treatment constraints.

CONCLUSIONS:
The educational diagnosis is an essential TPE step to identify the educational needs of children and adolescents with T1DM, and to set up if needed, an educational program allowing them to develop the required skills. Hence, the health policy in Morocco should integrate the TPE approach systematically in T1DM patients' care.
Preventing falls of the elderly at home: Applying the precaution adoption process model
Authors: Jadgal Mohammad Saeed , Movahed Ehsan , Dashti Saeid , Khazir Zahra , Zareipour Moradali 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:
Falling in the elderly causes a variety of issues such as dependence, decreased self-efficacy, depression and limitation in daily activities, hospitalization and imposition of costs on the individual and society. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevention of falls in the elderly at home by applying the Precaution Adoption Process Model.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
In this quasi-experimental study, 200 elderly people participated, 100 of whom were in the intervention group and 100 in the control group. The sample was provided via stratified random sampling. The data collection instruments were a researcher-made questionnaire including demographic details, as well as the Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM) questionnaire. Educational intervention was performed during four 45-minute sessions, following which the data was analyzed through SPSS 20 software and was evaluated based on the Chi-squared, Mann–Whitney U, Wilcoxon, and Fisher's exact tests.

RESULTS:
Investigating the distribution of participants in the phases of the PAPM indicated that most participants of both the intervention and control groups were in the passive fall prevention phase before treatment. However, after the intervention, most participants of the intervention group were in the active phases of fall prevention, while there were not any significant changes in the control group. Moreover, comparing the mean of the structures of knowledge, sensitivity, severity, benefits, perceived self-efficiency, and the cues to action in terms of preventing falls after the intervention, showed a significant increase in these structures in the intervention group compared to the control group (P < 0.001). Eventually, the findings of the study showed a significant decrease in the percentage of falls of the participants of the intervention group compared to that of the control group after the intervention (P = 0.004).

CONCLUSIONS:
Educational intervention on the basis of the PAPM promoted the elderly precaution from passive phases to active phases of preventing falls, thereby resulting in a decrease in the number of falls of elderly people.
Live experience of nursing students with internship program: A phenomenological study
Authors: Jahromi Mahdi Karimyar , Momennasab Marzieh , Yektatalab Shahrzad , Pasyar Nilofar , Rivaz Mozhgan 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND AND AIM:The internship is a program for transition of nursing students to the clinical setting. This study was conducted to describe and interpret the experiences of nursing students from the internship program.MATERIALS AND METHODS:This was an interpretative phenomenological study following Van Menen's approach in six steps. Twelve nursing students were selected from 12 different universities in Iran from April to August 2020. Data was collected through 15 in-depth interviews (three supplementary interviews) over the course of 25–90 min and verbatim transcriptions. Data were analyzed with MAXQDA version 10 software. The researcher used four Guba and Lincoln criteria to obtain a rigorous study.RESULTS:In this study, three main themes and eight subthemes were extracted. The main themes included “professional identity development,” “moving toward professional self-efficacy,” and “developing coping strategies for workplace adversities.” The subthemes were “promoting the cognition of profession,” “acceptance among colleagues as a nurse,” “accepting professional roles,” “self-awareness of weaknesses in patient care,” “self-reliance,” “advancing clinical skills,” “adopting effective coping strategies,” and “avoiding tension in clinical settings.”CONCLUSION:Nursing internship students have experienced moving toward professionalization with professional identity and self-efficacy development, and they succeeded in clinical challenges by learning coping approaches.