bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forecast‐based action for conservation
Authors: Boult Victoria L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractExtreme weather events pose an immediate threat to biodiversity, but existing conservation strategies have limitations. Advances in meteorological forecasting and innovation in the humanitarian sector provide a possible solution—forecast‐based action (FbA). The growth of ecological forecasting demonstrates the huge potential to anticipate conservation outcomes, but a lack of operational examples suggests a new approach is needed to translate forecasts into action. FbA provides such a framework, formalizing the use of meteorological forecasts to anticipate and mitigate the impacts of extreme weather. Based on experience from the humanitarian sector, I suggest how FbA could work in conservation, demonstrating key concepts using the theoretical example of heatwave impacts on sea turtle embryo mortality, and address likely challenges in realizing FbA for conservation, including establishing a financing mechanism, allocating funds to actions, and decision‐making under uncertainty. FbA will demand changes in conservation research, practice, and governance. Researchers must increase efforts to understand the impacts of extreme weather at more immediate and actionable timescales and should coproduce forecasts of such impacts with practitioners. International conservation funders should establish systems to fund anticipatory actions based on uncertain forecasts.
The 'Pelvic exenteration lexicon’: Creating a common language for complex pelvic cancer surgery
Authors: Burns E. M. , Quyn A. ,   the Lexicon Collaboration of UKPEN and the ACPGBI Advanced Cancer subcommittee
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimPelvic exenteration surgery is an umbrella term for a multitude of operative techniques for locally advanced and recurrent pelvic malignancy. Currently, there is heterogeneity in the operative description that limits the interpretation of patient outcome and collaboration between units through standardized data collection. Our study aims to develop a consensus lexicon to describe the operative components of extended and exenteration pelvic surgery.MethodThis study adopted a mixed‐methods approach using semi‐structured interviews, questionnaires, focus groups and validation exercises involving pelvic exenteration experts from centres in the UK. Qualitative data were collected, and descriptive statistics are presented.ResultsWe identified eight headings with 32 subheadings that encompass all components of the extent of the potential surgery. The lexicon was validated by 15 UK specialists. A ‘high‐complexity pelvic exenteration’ was defined as encompassing ‘conventional pelvic exenteration’ with the extension of surgery to remove bony structures or the structures in the pelvic sidewall. Pelvic sidewall structures include major vessels, sciatic nerves and/or bone. Bony structures include the sacrum and/or pubic bones.ConclusionThis pelvic exenteration lexicon will permit classification of the surgical approach used that will improve data synthesis, allow more accurate activity recording for audit and ultimately improved outcomes for patients.
National Concentration of High‐tech Products: The Second Great Divergence?
Authors: Lu Bing , Ju Jiandong , Yu Xinding 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBased on the product‐country level trade data from 2004 to 2017, as well as the High‐Tech Products Catalog from the US Census Bureau, this paper examines empirically the current phenomenon of “national concentration” in high‐tech exports. The results show that the phenomenon of “national concentration” not only exists but also tends to be self‐reinforcing. Compared with other products, the exports of high‐tech products tend to be concentrated in certain countries, and this concentration trends were further strengthened after the global financial crisis of 2008–2009. The national concentration of R&D activities may be one of the important causes of the national concentration of high‐tech products. This pattern remains robust when we further use the value‐added export data and different definitions of high‐tech products. We argue that the phenomenon of “national concentration” of high‐tech exports may herald the arrival of the “Second Great Divergence” – the divergence between innovative and manufacturing activities – in the global economy.
Willful Hermeneutical Ignorance and the “Critical Race Theory” Controversy
Authors: Applebaum Barbara 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this article, Barbara Applebaum examines “the inability to disagree claim” as it arises in objections made by those who want to ban “critical race theory” from being taught in schools and universities. Employing insights from the recent scholarship around willful hermeneutical ignorance, she discerns the important role that marginalized conceptual resources play in conditions of just and constructive dialogue. When such resources are misinterpreted and denied uptake, the resulting harm impedes the epistemic agency of marginally situated knowers. Applebaum claims that many high‐profile anti–“critical race theory” arguments put forth by politicians, scholars, and others are a form of willful hermeneutical ignorance, and she concludes by showing how more just communications, in which disagreement is distinguishable from dismissal, can be achieved.
Variables that enhance the development of resilience in young gay people affected by the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Lorabi Souhib , Sánchez‐Teruel David , Robles‐Bello María Auxiliadora , Ruiz‐García Antonio 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimsSexual and gender minorities are more likely to suffer from depression and anxiety caused by COVID‐19. However, they also have specific variables that have been little studied but which may protect them from this adverse situation. The aim of this study was to find out whether there were differences in socio‐demographic and psychosocial variables in two groups of Spanish gay young people (high and low resilience), and predictors of risk and protective factors were examined.MethodsNine hundred and seventy‐nine young homosexuals (389; 39.73% self‐reported as women) aged between 18 and 26 years old who experienced mandatory confinement due to COVID‐19, completed an anonymous online questionnaire. Hope, perceived self‐efficacy, reappraisal index, coping humour, anxiety, depression were assessed along with socio‐demographic information. Data were collected between 15 and 26 April 2020.ResultsSocio‐demographic variables that were predictive of highly resilient behaviour included being between 24 and 26 years old, living with LGBTI+ peers and living in big cities, protective psychosocial variables included reframing in reappraising the confinement situation, humour as coping, social support from significant others and self‐efficacy.ConclusionThis is one of the first studies on this subject of compulsory COVID‐19 confinement on young homosexuals in Spain. Mental health professionals and organizations should also include work on psychosocial protective factors, not just risk factors, to enhance resilient outcomes in this group.
Transnational halal networks: INHART and the Islamic cultural economy in Malaysia and beyond
Authors: Nisa Eva F. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe concern for piety among contemporary middle‐class Muslims has led to efforts to establish a halal (permissible according to Islamic principles) economy. This can be seen in the thriving Islamic cultural economy in Malaysia, which refers to the links between Islamic culture and economic practices. Malaysia tops the Global Islamic Economy indicator, which serves as the dominant framework for evaluating and measuring the global halal economy. This was achieved through various initiatives, such as establishing research centres, of which the International Institute for Halal Research and Training (INHART) is among the most prominent. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork and digital ethnography, this article focuses on INHART initiatives for building transnational halal networks. This article aims to explore how halal interpretations and practices travel across borders. I argue that halal research centres, such as INHART, signify both the decentring and centring of power transnationally and economically in terms of the global flow of halal knowledge and practices.
Diagnostic comparison of electrical impedance spectroscopy with colposcopy and HPV mRNA‐testing in the prediction of CIN2+ women in Greece
Authors: Tsampazis Nikolaos , Vavoulidis Eleftherios , Siarkou Chrysoula Margioula , Siarkou Georgia Margioula , Pratilas Georgios C. , Symeonidou Marianthi , Intzes Stergios , Petousis Stamatios , Papanikolaou Alexios , Dinas Konstantinos 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimTo compare the diagnostic parameters of electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) via ZedScan, a device that measures spectra to differentiate between normal and abnormal cervical tissues, when used as an adjunct to colposcopies in the diagnosis of HSILs/CIN2+ in Greek women with abnormal referral cytology toward colposcopy alone and HPV mRNA‐testing.MethodsThis study analyzed 86 women, patients of the Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology Clinic of 2nd Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki at Hippokration General Hospital, between January 2022 and September 2022. During the visits, women were subjected to cytology, colposcopy alone and then with EIS/ZedScan and histological sampling.ResultsCommon use of colposcopies and EIS/ZedScan allowed detecting an additional 14 cases of CIN2+ (16.2%) that colposcopy alone failed to report. EIS enhanced the sensitivity of colposcopy from 80.65% to 100% equal with that of HPV‐mRNA test while retaining a high specificity (94.74%) which is much higher than specificity of HPV mRNA‐testing (65.45%). EIS‐assisted colposcopy had the highest value combination of positive and negative predictive values (96.15% and 100%) compared to colposcopy alone (100% and 75%) and HPV mRNA‐testing (72.46% and 100%).ConclusionsColposcopies performed with EIS/ZedScan demonstrated effectiveness in the diagnosing of CIN2+ leading to a significant increase in the number of CIN2+ that would have been missed if only colposcopy was applied especially in women with LSIL referral cytology. EIS/ZedScan seems to possess the ideal diagnostic threshold for sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values for CIN2+ compared to colposcopy alone and HPV mRNA‐testing.
Prognostic markers for oral cancer: An overview of the current status and directions for future research
Authors: de Oliveira Lilianny Querino Rocha , Almangush Alhadi , Al‐Samadi Ahmed , Salo Tuula , Coletta Ricardo D. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn the last decades, the search for biomarkers for response to therapy and prognosis, with potential of providing information about the likely course and outcome of disease, has been intense in oral squamous cell carcinomas. Although several biomarkers, ranging from genetic and molecular alterations to clinical and histopathological features, have been described, only a few of them are used in routine practice. The aim of this review is to outline the recent advances in oral squamous cell carcinomas biomarkers, exploring those related to clinical and histopathological features, cancer cells and components of the tumor microenvironment. Future directions, highlighting the main issues that limit the clinical application of many of the potential biomarkers, are discussed.
Water quality patterns, trends and variability over 17+ years in Phewa Lake, Nepal
Authors: Husen Md. Akbal , Storey Richard G. , Gurung Tek Bahadur 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPhewa Lake, Nepal's second largest lake, has been the subject of many short‐term water quality studies in the past, although the results of such studies have not been consistent. Long‐term monitoring data can distinguish typical seasonal dynamics from atypical occurrences. Accordingly, the objective of the present study was to describe typical seasonal patterns and quantify variability, detect long‐term trends and provide reliable baseline data for future trend detection. The present study provides 17 years of monthly water quality data (1993–2010) and occasional data to 2018 from the 0.5 to 10 m depth at one sampling site. Phewa Lake experiences a subtropical monsoonal climate, typically being stratified from March to September, although heavy rainfalls disrupted stratification. Bottom‐water anoxia, occurring typically between April and June, was associated with increased ammonium concentrations, but not with increased dissolved reactive phosphorus concentrations. The observed nutrient and chlorophyll‐a concentrations were generally typical of an oligo‐ to mesotrophic lake. The water clarity was lowest in the autumn and winter, being associated with high phytoplankton biomass, as well as during the summer, the latter likely attributable to suspended silt in the water. Lake surface waters warmed by 1.1–1.8°C during 1993–2018. Water clarity data suggested slight eutrophication from 1993 to 2018, although no increased nutrient or chlorophyll‐a concentrations was detected up to 2010. The water clarity data gave no evidence of a long‐term increase in the suspended sediment concentrations. All studied water quality variables exhibited high variability within and between years. The results of the present study provide a baseline for the detection of future water quality trends. The data confirm some previous research findings, while at the same time indicating long‐term regular monitoring is needed to accurately characterize Phewa Lake's limnology and to detect long‐term trends. Correct trend detection and proper understanding of the lake limnology are essential for proper management of Phewa Lake and other subtropical lakes. The present study represents one of only a few studies that examine water quality and other seasonality variables in subtropical lakes over multiple years.
Health status and Healthcare Access of Southeast Asian refugees in the United States: An integrative review
Authors: Bang So Hyeon , Huang Ya‐Ching , Kuo Hsuan‐Ju , Cho Emma S. , García Alexandra A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveSince 2010, more than 527,000 refugees have resettled in the United States (US), most from Asia, fleeing war, violence, and persecution. However, there is little research that integrates findings about health among Southeast Asian refugees (SEAR).DesignWe conducted an integrative review of studies that examined health status, risk factors, and barriers to healthcare access among SEAR in the US. We synthesized findings of studies published from 1980, when the Refugee Act was enacted, to 2022 using five databases. We reviewed 20 articles and data were extracted into a table for synthesis.ResultsParticipants were from Cambodia, Vietnam, Laos, Burma and the Thailand‐Myanmar border. Hypertension (12%–64%), hypercholesterolemia (37%–39%), diabetes (0.6%–27%), heart disease (7%), bone and muscle problems (23%–50%), and chronic pain (8%–51%) were most common physical health problems; and PTSD (45%–86%) and depression (20%–80%) were the most common mental health problems. Trauma, resettlement stress, lack of community or religious engagement were associated with mental health problems. Language differences, transportation, and lack of health insurance were the most significant obstacles to receiving healthcare.ConclusionSEAR experienced worse physical and mental health than the general US population. Different patterns of disease were identified depending on gender, time settled in the US, and ethnic group. Qualitative and longitudinal studies will elucidate refugees’ experience and should guide interventions.
Modeling economic impacts of mobility restriction policy during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Kajitani Yoshio , Yamano Norihiko , Chang Stephanie E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe economic impacts of pandemics can be enormous. However, lockdown and human mobility restrictions are effective policies for containing the spread of the disease. This study proposes a framework for assessing the economic impact of varying degrees of movement restrictions and examines the effectiveness of this framework in a case study examining COVID‐19 control measures in Japan. First, mobile network operators data and total employment statistics on a 500‐meter grid scale are used to determine the status of mobility restrictions and impacts on consumption in 30 industrial sectors. Next, the economic impacts are assessed using a spatial computable general equilibrium (CGE) model, proven to yield valuable insights into the total economic impacts of natural disasters. In sectors that implement telework and e‐commerce—wholesale/retail, finance/insurance, and communication sectors—estimates of production and GDP are obtained that are close to the actual figures. The current case study is limited to Japan, but similar analysis can be conducted by using the CGE model for each country and open mobility data. Thus, the framework has potential to serve as an effective tool for assessing trade‐offs between infection risks and economic impacts to inform policy‐making by combining with findings from epidemiology.
Inside a sediment‐stressed Middle Devonian carpet reef: Cave exposes details of three‐dimensional facies architecture and palaeoecology
Authors: Unger Tanja , Saillol Matthieu , Aretz Markus , Lokier Stephen , Mueller Mathias , Karius Volker , Immenhauser Adrian 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTDuring the Middle Devonian, reef growth reached an acme, and corals and stromatoporoids colonized depositional niches commonly considered unfavourable for reefal organisms. This paper documents the detailed facies architecture and palaeoecology of a stratigraphically thin (ca12 m, ‘carpet reef’), lower Givetian reefal body exposed along the walls and ceilings of the labyrinthine passages in the Klutert Cave in western Germany. The cave exposures (ca26 000 m2of rock surface) and data from short cores, neighbouring caves and outcrops document the growth and demise of an autoparabiostrome. The reef forms part of a parasequence with a lower carbonate and an upper clastic unit, bounded by flooding surfaces. Despite the comparatively small study area (ca1 km2), the exceptional exposure quality reveals facies changes over relatively short distances both vertical and lateral. The sedimentary matrix of the reefal build‐up contains between 20 to 95 wt.‐% of clay and quartz of silt to sand fraction. Based on this observation, the corals and stromatoporoids thrived in murky waters and under sediment‐stressed conditions. Stromatoporoids, for example, display irregular ragged flanks, a feature that is in agreement with a sediment‐stressed environment. No evidence of reduced growth rates, decreased calcification rates, or lower numbers of species is found. In fact, coral diversity and density are highest within one of the two biostromal units that show peak clastic matrix values, indicating a remarkable adaptation of reef builders to sediment‐stressed conditions. The initial settlement of rugose phaceloid corals took place on a mixed clastic–carbonate substrate (the basal flooding surface). Up‐section, a succession of coral–stromatoporoids is present that is here described in great detail. Reef collapse occurred when much of the accommodation space was filled, and argillaceous sediments suffocated stromatoporoids and corals in a protected, low‐energy environment.
Interaction Between Sarcopenic Obesity and Nonlocomotive Physical Activity on the Risk of Depressive Symptoms in Community-Dwelling Older Adult Japanese Women
Authors: Osugi Yu , Imai Aiko , Kurihara Toshiyuki , Kishigami Keiko , Higashida Kazuhiko , Sanada Kiyoshi 
Published: January 2023

This study aimed to investigate the interaction between sarcopenic obesity and locomotive and nonlocomotive physical activity (PA) on the risk of depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older Japanese women. Participants were 143 community-dwelling older women aged 64–94 years. PA was measured using a three-axis accelerometer. Participants were classified according to two levels of total, locomotive, and nonlocomotive PA. Depressive symptoms were assessed by a self-administered survey consisting of the 15-item Japanese version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15-J). The interaction between sarcopenic obesity groups and total or locomotive PA did not affect GDS-15-J scores. However, the interaction between sarcopenic obesity groups and nonlocomotive PA significantly affected GDS-15-J scores (p < .05). Moreover, sarcopenic obesity in the low PA group had significantly higher GDS-15-J scores compared with sarcopenic obesity in the high PA group (p < .05). We concluded that sarcopenic obesity combined with low nonlocomotive PA may exacerbate depressive symptoms in older women.
Study protocol of ConquerFear-HK: a randomised controlled trial of a metacognition-based, manualised intervention for fear of cancer recurrence among Chinese cancer survivors
Authors: Ng Danielle Wing Lam , Fielding Richard , Tsang Catherine , NG Carmen , Chan Joyce , Or Amy , Kong Izy Wing Man , Tang Julia Wei Chun , LI Wylie Wai Yee , Chang Amy Tien Yee , Foo Chi Chung , Kwong Ava , Ng Simon Siu-Man , Suen Dacita , Chan Miranda , Chun Oi-Kwan , Chan Karen Kar Loen , Butow Phyllis N , Lam Wendy Wing Tak 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionFear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is a prevalent and frequently debilitating response to a cancer diagnosis, affecting a substantial proportion of cancer survivors. Approximately 30% of local Hong Kong Chinese cancer survivors in a recent survey reportedly experienced persistent high FCR over the first-year post-surgery. This was associated with lower levels of psychological well-being and quality of life. A manualised intervention (ConquerFear) developed primarily based on the Self-Regulatory Executive Function Model and the Rational Frame Theory, has been found to reduce FCR effectively among Caucasian cancer survivors. The intervention now has been adapted to a Chinese context; ConquerFear-HK. The primary aim of this study is to evaluate its efficacy vs a standard-survivorship-care control (BasicCancerCare) in FCR improvement in a randomised control trial (RCT).Methods and analysisIn this RCT, using the sealed envelope method, 174 eligible Chinese cancer survivors will be randomised to either the ConquerFear-HK or BasicCancerCare intervention. Both interventions include six sessions over 10 weeks, which will be delivered via face to face or online by trained therapists. The ConquerFear-HK intervention incorporates value classification, metacognitive therapy, attentional training, detached mindfulness and psychoeducation; BasicCancerCare includes relaxation training, dietary and physical activity consultations. Participants will be assessed at prior randomisation (baseline; T0), immediately postintervention (T1), 3 months (T2) and 6 months postintervention (T3) on the measures of FCR (Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory) as a primary outcome; metacognition (30-item Metacognitions Quesionnaire) and cognitive attentional syndrome (Cognitive-attentional Syndrome Questionnaire) as process outcomes; psychological distress (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), cancer-related distress (Chinese Impact of Events Scale), quality of life (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Core Questionnaire) and treatment satisfaction are secondary outcomes.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval has been obtained from HKU/HA HKW Institutional Review Board (ref: UW19-183). The patients/participants provide their written informed consent to participate in this study. The study results will be disseminated through international peer-review publications and conference presentations.Trial registration numberNCT04568226.