bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA for the early detection of type 2 diabetes mellitus: literature review
Authors: Martínez Altamirano Joselyn Lissette , Romo López Ángel Geovanny 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a glucose metabolism disorder of multiple etiology, representing more than 90 % of diabetes cases around the world. Current studies have proposed microRNAs (miRNAs) as possible early biomarkers of the disease.Objective: review the literature on the use of miRNAs as biomarkers in the early detection of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Methods: comprehensive searches of scientific databases were carried out and nine studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected. These studies examined the expression profiles of specific miRNAs and their utility as diagnostic and prognostic markers. Results: they revealed that certain miRNAs, such as miR-21, miR-122, miR-148b-3p, miR-27a-3p and miR-135, showed significant changes in their expression in patients with T2DM and prediabetes compared to healthy individuals. These miRNAs were also associated with key metabolic processes, such as the regulation of insulin signaling, insulin resistance, and inflammation. Conclusions: these findings support the potential of miRNAs as biomarkers for early detection, prognosis, and management of T2DM and prediabetes. However, further research is required to validate and better understand the clinical relevance of miRNAs in these metabolic diseases
Two-stage bilateral subthalamotomy for patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease
Authors: Solomon Cardona María Teresa , Gallo Rodríguez Julián Leonardo , Ricardo de la Fé Yordanka , Piñera-Castro Hector Julio , Tejeiro Amador Juan , Macías González Raúl José 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: in the world there is sufficient experience with functional surgery for Parkinson's disease using the subthalamic nucleus approach, but mainly with the use of deep brain stimulation. Less experience exists in the use of ablative methods. Objective: to evaluate the therapeutic effect, refinement in surgical target localization and safety of bilateral subthalamic subthalamotomy in two surgical times for the treatment of patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Methods: observational, analytical, cross-sectional study at CIREN (Havana, Cuba) between January 2018 and December 2020, in 10 patients. Variables related to general characteristics of patients and surgeries, therapeutic effect of the procedure, refinement of surgical target localization and safety of surgeries were analyzed. Results: the motor condition of the patients improved (p < 0,0001) both in the off stage (70,9 %) and on stage (74,7 %). Target localization refinement reduced the number of paths (5,3 ± 2 vs. 3,4 ± 0,5, p = 0,03) and surgical time (87,6 ± 40,7 min vs. 53,6 ± 13,5 min, p = 0,01). A total of 10 adverse events occurred. Conclusions: the procedure used has a beneficial and safe therapeutic effect on the motor condition of patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. The refinement of the localization of the surgical target allows a reduction in the number of paths and the surgical time
HERBAL METHIONINE (METHIOREP®) IMPROVES GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKENS WITHOUT AFFECTING CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS AND BLOOD INDICES
Authors: Makinde O.J. , Ajibade A.J. , Omotugba S.K. , Tumburawa M.S. , Ibe E.A. , Opoola E. , Zaccheaus O.S. 
Published: August 2023

<p>Methiorep®, an herbal methionine premix, which is reported to contain herbal ingredients that mimic the activity of Methionine such as SAMe (S-Adenosyl Methionine) and phosphatidyl choline, have recently introduced to Nigeria animal feed industry. An experiment was conducted with 120, one-week-old broilers to evaluate the effect of herbal methionine (methiorep®) as substitute for synthetic methionine on growth performance of broiler chickens. Five isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets were formulated and Diet 1 (control), comprised of 0.25% methionine (NRC, 1994) while diet 2, 3, 4 and 5 comprised of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% Methiorep® as substitute for methionine in the diets. The birds were randomly allocated to five experimental treatments, each treatment was replicated three times with eight birds per pen in a completely randomized design. The study lasted 49-days. The results of growth performance revealed that body weight gain, average feed intake and feed conversion ratio at both starter and finisher phases were not influenced by dietary treatments (P&gt;0.05). However cost per kg feed decreased as the level of Methiorep® increased in the diets (P&lt;0.05). The results of blood profiles and carcass characteristics were not influenced (P&gt;0.05) by the dietary treatments. It was concluded that Methiorep® can completely substitute for Methionine in the diets of broiler chickens without adverse effect on growth performance, blood profiles and carcass yield of birds.</p>
THE CURSE OF LOW SOIL FERTILITY AND DIMINISHING MAIZE YIELDS IN SEMI-ARID KENYA:CAN PIGEONPEA PLAY SAVIOUR?
Authors: Kwena Kizito Musundi , Ayuke F.O. , Karuku G.N. , Esilaba A.O. 
Published: August 2023

<p>Little research has been conducted in Kenya to ascertain and exploit the ability of pigeonpea to improve soil fertility and increase cereal yields. An experiment was conducted at Katumani Research Centre between 2009 and 2013 to evaluate the effects of pigeonpea on soil fertility and productivity of maize cropping systems in semi-arid Kenya. The experiment was established as a split-split plot design with sole and intercrops of maize and pigeonpea varieties drawn from three maturity groups and three crop residue application rates as the treatments. Results showed that intercropping maize with pigeonpea reduced (p ≤ 0.05) soil organic carbon and total soil N from 1.4 and 0.2 % in 2009 to less than 1 and 0.1 %, respectively, in 2013. Intercropping maize with long duration pigeonpea and ploughing back 4 t ha<sup>-1</sup> of crop residues had no significant effect on available P. However, it increased (p ≤ 0.05) available P from 26 ppm at the start of the study to 50 ppm and 47 ppm in eight seasons under maize-Mbaazi I and maize-Kat 60/8 intercrops, respectively. Exchangeable K, Mg and Ca also declined significantly (p ≤ 0.05). Intercropping maize with long duration pigeonpea and ploughing back 4 t ha<sup>-1</sup> of crop residues offers the best option since it gave higher maize (1.9 t ha<sup>-1</sup>) and pigeonpea (1.4 t ha<sup>-1</sup>) grain yields per season and sufficient crop residues to feed the livestock and plough back to improve soil fertility.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p>
ANÁLISIS MORFOANATOMÍCO FOLIAR EN GRUPOS HORTÍCOLAS DE AGUACATE (Persea americana) DEPOSITADOS EN LA COLECCIÓN DEL INIA-CENIAP, VENEZUELA
Authors: Ferrer Pereira H. , Raymúndez M. B. , Pérez-Almeida I. 
Published: August 2023

<p>The avocado (<em>Persea americana</em> Mill.) is the most important species of Lauraceae in America due to its exploitation as food for pre-Columbian and modern cultures. It is a very important seasonal crop in Venezuela based on a perennial fruit tree management. From a selection of 76 accessions (45 cultivars) of avocados cultivated at the Germplasm Bank of INIA-CENIAP, a morphoanatomical analysis was performed to identify attributes of taxonomic resolution (diagnostic characters) which allow to characterize sets and / or <em>culta</em>. Morphological study was carried out from each accession herborized sample. Information was obtained by freehand transverse leaf sections (epidermis, mesophyll and midvein) as well as paradermic preparations, and observed data was recorded in DELTA System. New morphoanatomical characters and discriminating attributes between cultivars were identified and described, especially to discriminate the Mexican group, and a close relationship within West Indian and Guatemalan cultivars was observed due to the variability identified from the latter group. Indument- related attributes were highly informative to discriminate among cultivars, along with the outline, apical angle and projections at the base of the leaf blades, stem cross section and presence of anise odor, progress and joining of the secondary nerve branches, tertiary venation pattern, abaxial contour and thickness of the sclerenchymatous sheath and compaction of the phloem in the vascular bundle, adaxial contour of the median nerve, and thickness, outline and uniformity of the anticlinal walls of adaxial and abaxial epidermal cells. </p>
EVALUATION OF TOLERANCE TO VEGETATIVE ANTRACNOSIS OF NEW MANGO GERMPLASMS IN MEXICO
Authors: Monteon Ojeda Abraham , Peréz Rodriguez Amado , Mora Aguilera José Antonio , Sandoval Islas José Sergio , De Leon García De Alba Carlos , Hernandez Castro Elías , Vasquez Lopez Alfonso 
Published: August 2023

<p>Anthracnose (<em>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides </em>Penz.) is one of the most important diseases of mango (<em>Mangifera indica </em>L.) due to its wide distribution in the world and to induce severe epidemics in the vegetative and reproductive stages, causing important production losses. The objective of this research was to evaluate the tolerance to <em>C. gloeosporioides</em> infection in the vegetative stage of eleven new mango cultivars in Mexico with potential in the export market. Leaves of 15 days old of development were inoculated with the <em>Gro</em> isolate highlighted in virulence. Based on the incubation, period, incidence and severity, "Alphonse", "Neelum", "Kesar and Ivory” cultivars were low susceptibility, “Nam Doc Mai”, “Rosygold”, “Cotaxtla” were highly susceptible, and "Fairchild", "Ataúlfo Diamante", "Ataúlfo Zafiro" and "Mallika" had medium susceptibility. The longer incubation periods determined the lowest severity (r<sup>2</sup>= -0.89 and -0.90) and incidence (r<sup>2</sup>= -0.77 and -0.85). The incidence correlated positively with severity (r<sup>2</sup>= 0.86 and 0.92), both inoculation techniques (DLT and ALT) were useful to induce typical symptoms of anthracnose and to estimate the expression of virulence (incubation period, incidence and severity) of the pathogen.</p><p> </p><p>La antracnosis (<em>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</em> Penz.) es una de las enfermedades más importantes del mango (<em>Mangifera indica</em> L.) debido a su amplia distribución en el mundo y por inducir severas epidemias en etapas vegetativas y reproductiva que conllevan a importantes pérdidas de producción. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la tolerancia a la infección por <em>C. gloeosporioides</em> en etapa vegetativa de once nuevos cultivares de mango en México con potencial en el mercado de exportación. Se inocularon hojas de 15 días de desarrollo con el aislamiento virulento <em>Gro</em>. Basándose en los períodos de incubación, incidencia y severidad, los cultivares "Alphonse", "Neelum", "Kesar e “Ivory" presentaron baja susceptibilidad, "Nam Doc Mai", "Rosygold", y "Cotaxtla" fueron altamente susceptibles mientras que “Fairchild”. “Ataúlfo Diamante”, “Ataúlfo Zafiro” y "Mallika" exhibieron susceptibilidad media. Los períodos de incubación más largos determinaron la menor severidad (r<sup>2</sup> = -0.89 y -0.90) e incidencia (r<sup>2</sup> = -0.77 y -0.85). La incidencia se correlacionó positivamente con la gravedad (r<sup>2</sup> = 0,86 y 0,92), ambas técnicas (DLT y ALT) de inoculación fueron útiles para inducir síntomas típicos de antracnosis y para estimar la expresión de virulencia (período de incubación, incidencia y severidad) del patógeno.</p>
BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND EVALUATION OF Jatropha curcas MEAL AS A REPLACEMENT FOR FISH MEAL IN DIETS OF JUVENILE NILE TILAPIA (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Puello Cruz Ana Carmela , Ordoñez-Rosas M.L. , Garcia-Ortega A. , Angulo-Escalante M.A. , Almazan-Rueda Pablo , Doninguez-Jimenez V.P. 
Published: August 2023

<p>Fish meal is still the main protein in feed formulations, unsustainable development and overfishing practices reduce captures since last decade. An increasing demand for high quality feed for aquaculture force the evaluation of new protein sources. <em>Jatropha curcas</em> meal was used in a 45 day feeding trial at five different inclusion levels ranging from 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60% as a substitute for fish meal in the diets of Nile tilapia juveniles. Both growth and feed efficiency were evaluated. It was found that tilapia fed 0% <em>Jatropha curcas meal </em>inclusion were significantly heavier and larger while treatments containing 30% inclusion gave the best survival. However, digestibility decreased as inclusion levels increased. The juveniles accepted all the different diet inclusions and presented normal behavior. Gross energy and crude lipid contents were significantly higher for <em>Jatropha curcas</em> meal than for fish meal and soybean meal. Amino acids and fatty acids content of <em>Jatropha curcas </em>meal were acceptable, thus suggesting its feasibility as an alternative plant ingredient for Nile tilapia (<em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>) diets. Better results could be achieved by standardizing lipid extraction and treatments to increase the digestibility of <em>Jatropha curcas</em> meal. This study contains novel information on developing strategies that provide alternative protein sources in tilapia feed formulation.</p><p> </p>
SOIL ORGANIC CARBON LEVELS IN SOILS OF CONTRASTING LAND USES IN SOUTHEASTERN NIGERIA
Authors: Okebalama Chinyere Blessing , Igwe Charles , Okolo Chukwuebuka 
Published: August 2023

<p class="Default"><span>Land use change affects soil organic carbon (SOC) storage in tropical soils, but information on the influence of land use change on segmental topsoil organic carbon stock is lacking. The study investigated SOC levels in Awgu (L), Okigwe (CL), Nsukka I (SL), and Nsukka II (SCL) locations in southeastern Nigeria. Land uses considered in each location were the cultivated (manually-tilled) and the adjacent uncultivated (4-5 year bush-fallow) soils from which samples at 0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm topsoil depth were assessed. The SOC level decreased with topsoil depth in both land uses. Overall, the SOC level at 0-30 cm was between 285.44 and 805.05 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup> amongst the soils. The uncultivated sites stored more SOC than its adjacent cultivated counterpart at 0-10 and 10-20 cm depth, except in Nsukka II soils, which had significantly higher SOC levels in the cultivated than the uncultivated site. Nonetheless, at 20-30 cm depth, the SOC pool across the fallowed soils was statistically similar when parts of the same soil utilization type were tilled and cultivated. Therefore, while 4 to 5 years fallow may be a useful strategy for SOC stabilization within 20-30 cm topsoil depth in the geographical domain, segmental computation of topsoil organic carbon pool is critical.</span></p>
DESARROLLO DE UN SISTEMA EFICIENTE DE REGENERACIÓN VEGETAL in vitro PARA CINCO VARIEDADES ÉLITE DE Lolium multiflorum Lam
Authors: Gómez-Torres Luisa Marina , Moreno-Gómez Blanca , Velásquez-Lozano Mario Enrique , Aguado-Santacruz Gerardo Armando 
Published: August 2023

<p>The response to <em>in vitro</em> tissue culture of five commercial annual ryegrass cultivars, namely ‘Magnun’, ‘Bargala’, ‘Tetragold’, ‘Hercules’ and ‘Maximus’, was evaluated. Morphogenic callus induction and plant regeneration capacity were assessed in shoot apices cultured on six media formulations that included Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with casein hydrolyzate and different concentrations of 2,4 phenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D; 1 or 2 mg L<sup>-1</sup>), benzylaminopurine (BA; 2 or 4 mg L<sup>-1</sup>) and adenine (40 or 80 mg L<sup>-1</sup>). Two morphological kind of calli were observed: one of them friable and regenerable and the other watery without regeneration capacity. The highest morphogenic callus formation (37 % in ‘Tetragold’ and ‘Hercules’ varieties <em>vs.</em> 58 % and 65 % in ‘Maximus’ and ‘Magnun’, respectively) was achieved using 2D4B80A medium (2 mg L<sup>-1</sup> 2,4-D, 4 mg L<sup>-1</sup> BA and 80 mg L<sup>-1</sup> adenine). On the other hand, the highest number of regenerated plants per g<sup>-1</sup> fresh weight (FW) of morphogenic callus was 48.71 for ‘Magnum’ shoot apices cultured on 2D4B40A medium (2 mg L<sup>-1</sup> 2,4-D, 4 mg L<sup>-1</sup> BA and 40 mg L<sup>-1</sup> adenine). Regenerated plants grew in soil under greenhouse conditions reached maturity and subsequently produced seeds. The results obtained in this study confirm the suitability of using the shoot tips of <em>Lolium multiflorum</em> as starting material when cultured on the formulation media developed in this study.</p>
NUTRITIONAL VALUE AND IN VITRO DIGESTIBILITY OF LEGUME PODS FROM SEVEN TREES SPECIES PRESENT IN THE TROPICAL DECIDUOUS FOREST
Authors: Ortiz-Domínguez Gabriel , Ventura-Cordero Javier , González-Pech Pedro , Torres-Acosta Juan F.J. , Capetillo-Leal Concepción M. , Sandoval-Castro Carlos A. 
Published: August 2023

<p>The pods of trees from tropical deciduous forest are relevant in the dry season due to their high availability. Whole pods from seven plant species <em>Acacia pennatula</em> (Schltdl. &amp; Cham.) Benth., <em>Caesalpinia gaumeri</em> (Britton &amp; Rose) Greenm., <em>Leucaena leucocephala</em> (Lam.) de Wit, <em>Lysiloma latisiliquum</em> (L.) Benth., <em>Mimosa bahamensis</em> Benth., <em>Piscidia piscipula</em> (L.) Sarg. and <em>Senegalia gaumeri</em> (S. F. Blake) Britton &amp; Rose which are reported as consumed by small ruminants were evaluated. Their nutritional value, phenolic compounds, <em>in vitro </em>dry matter (IVDMD) and organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) and metabolizable energy (ME) with and without the inclusion of polyethylene glycol (PEG) were evaluated. The pods from <em>P. piscipula</em> showed the highest crude protein content. The pods of <em>L. leucocephala</em>, <em>C. gaumeri</em>, and <em>A. pennatula</em> resulted with the highest IVDMD (46.3 and 44.5%)<em>, </em>IVOMD<em> </em>(44.8 and 45.4%) and ME (6.8 and 6.7 MJ) (P&lt;0.05). The phenolic compounds were not detected in <em>C. gaumeri, L. latisiliquum </em>and <em>S. gaumeri </em>pods. The IVDMD, IVOMD and ME of <em>L latisiliquum</em> and <em>P. piscipula pods </em>(P&lt;0.05) was lower when PEG was added. Pods from <em>A. pennatula, C. gaumeri </em>and <em>L. leucocephala </em>showed acceptable nutritional value for their use as supplement for ruminants.</p>
LOW AVAILABILITY OF EFFICIENT FUNGICIDES FOR RICE BLAST CONTROL IN LOWLAND RICE CULTIVATION IN BRAZIL
Authors: Ogoshi Claudio , Carlos Filipe Selau , Ulguim André Da Rosa , Zanon Alencar Junior , Bittencourt Carolina Roberta De Campos , Almeida Roberson Diego de 
Published: August 2023

<p>Rice cultivation is fundamental to Brazil's economy, which is the largest grain-producing country outside the Asian continent. However, several factors harm sustainable rice production, including diseases incidence. The blast is the major rice disease, and annually, losses caused by this disease would be sufficient to feed millions of people. Due to the complexity in rice blast management, fungicide application has been most used by rice growers, however, despite the high number of registered fungicides, is questioned the real efficiency in field conditions. This work aimed to analyze the effectiveness of fungicides in rice blast control and grain yield maintenance in irrigated rice. Experiments were carried out in a randomized block design, with four replications, in 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 crop seasons, at the Rio Grande do Sul Rice Experiment Station located in Cachoeirinha city, RS, Brazil. We tested the efficiency of nine fungicides registered in Brazil with different target sites for rice blast control. The analyzed variables were the Area Under the Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) in leaves; neck blast incidence; panicle blast severity and grains yield. In general, only the tricyclazole and trifloxystrobin + tebuconazole fungicides were efficient in rice blast control with direct reflection on grain yield. <strong></strong></p>
PREVALENCE OF ANTIBODIES AND RISK FACTORS TO BOVINE VIRAL DIARRHEA IN NON-VACCINATED DAIRY CATTLE FROM SOUTHERN ECUADOR
Authors: Herrera-Yunga Vanessa , Labada Jorge , Castillo Fredy , Torres Andrea , Escudero-Sanchez Galo , Capa-Morocho Mirian , Abad-Guaman Rodrigo 
Published: August 2023

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>The aim of this work was to determine the prevalence of antibodies and risk factors of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) in non-vaccinated dairy cattle at the South of Ecuador. A cross-sectional study was carried out to identify risk factors for BVDV infection in 394 randomly selected dairy cows from 75 farms, which were tested for antibodies in milk samples using a commercial Kit ELISA (IDEXX). Epidemiological survey was conducted to determine the risk factors and signs associated with BVDV. Results of this test revealed that the BVDV herd prevalence was 63.5% and the BVDV individual prevalence was 27%. The utilization of artificial insemination (AI) was significantly associated with BVDV status (P &gt; 0.001) where the use of AI increased 2.35 the odds of BVDV positivity (95% CI: 1.46 </span><span>– </span><span>3.38). The cows with clinical signs (diarrhoea, abortions, and ocular and nasal discharge) were not predominantly positive to BVDV antibodies.</span></p></div></div></div>
EFFECT OF RISK COMPONENTS ON OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY OF DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN NIGERIA A STUDY OF LISTED DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN NIGERIA
Authors: Dayyabu Shamsuddeen , Adekunle Ibitoye , Jamilu Isah , Dauda Salamatu , Usman Musa , Liman Kabiru Shehu 
Published: August 2023

The main objective of this study is to examine effect of risk components on operational efficiency of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria. The data to be used for the study will be extracted from secondary sources only. The data will be panel data which will be subjected to time and cross-sectional attributes and this will enable us to study innovation and performance of firms over time and as well as across the sampled quoted banks. The findings of the study revealed that credit risk increases the operational efficiency of Deposit money Banks. Also, the study found that liquidity risk has negative and significant effect on operational efficiency. The result also found that capital adequacy has positive and significant effect on operational efficiency. The study recommended that the management of the Deposit Money Banks should device viable measurement for evaluating the risk components confronting the banking operation and not to rely on the bank model with an assumption that that risk is incorporated into bank output without explicitly modeling its role in explaining inefficiency. This is because failure to account for risk-taking may lead to biased estimations of bank efficiency and misleading estimates of scale economies and cost elasticities.
การประดิษฐ์และศึกษาประสิทธิภาพการทำงานของหุ่นยนต์บริการ ที่ควบคุมด้วยระบบไร้สาย
Authors: บุญคำ รังสรรค์ , เชือกศรีคราม มณฑิตา , แก้วสาคร วริศรา , สุขรื่น ปูริดา , บัวเชย ดารัตน์ 
Published: August 2023

งานวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อประดิษฐ์และศึกษาประสิทธิภาพของหุ่นยนต์บริการ ผลการศึกษาแสดงให้เห็นว่า หุ่นยนต์บริการที่สามารถเดินหน้า ถอยหลัง เลี้ยวซ้ายเลี้ยวขวา ปัดขยะได้อัตโนมัติแบบหน้าหลัง ส่งสัญญาณควบคุมทำงานแบบไร้สายด้วย wifi จากไอแพดหรือโทรศัพท์ไปยังตัวเครื่องได้ระยะทางไม่ต่ำกว่า 50 เมตร เมื่อนำไปทดลองหาจำนวนรอบของเฟืองปัดพบว่า สามารถวิ่งได้บนพื้นคอนกรีตจำนวนรอบ 93.44 และพื้นหญ้าจำนวนรอบ 89.89 ไต่พื้นเอียงทำมุมได้มากที่สุด 8 องศา สามารถเคลื่อนที่ที่มีความสูงประมาณ 3 เซนติเมตร ความพึงพอใจของผู้ใช้งาน มีความพึงพอใจระดับมากที่สุด งานวิจัยนี้สามารถประดิษฐ์และพัฒนาหุ่นยนต์บริการที่มีประสิทธิภาพช่วยผ่อนแรงทำให้สะดวกสบายมากขึ้น