bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Molybdenum Doping on the Enhanced Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction Reaction Performance of CeO2 Nanorods: Theoretical and Experimental Investigations
Authors: Nan Cheng , Yang Huimin , Gao Fanfan , Gao Nan , Zhou Wenjing , Du Haiyan , Liang Zhenhai 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAs a green and sustainable strategy, the electrocatalytic N2 reduction reaction (NRR) has been considered the best potential approach to replace the traditional Haber‐Bosch process under ambient conditions. The key is to exploit efficient and low‐cost electrocatalysts according to the current situation. Herein, a series of Molybdenum (Mo) doped CeO2 nanorods (NR) catalysts were successfully fabricated via a hydrothermal reaction coupled with high temperature calcination. The nanorod structures were not altered after Mo atom doping. The obtained 5 %‐Mo‐CeO2 nanorods act as a superior electrocatalyst in neutral electrolytes of 0.1 M Na2SO4. Such electrocatalyst significantly enhances NRR performance with an NH3 yield of 10.9 μg h−1 mg−1cat at −0.45 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and a Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 26.5 % at −0.25 V vs RHE. That outcome is 4 times higher than that of CeO2 nanorods (2.6 μg h−1 mg−1cat; 4.9 %). Meanwhile, density functional theory (DFT) calculation shows the characteristics after Mo doping: the band gap value lowers, the density of states increases, electrons are more easily excited, and N2 molecules are more easily adsorbed, thereby enhancing the activity of the electrocatalytic NRR.
Phosphine‐Catalyzed Activation of Phenylsilane for Benzaldehyde Reduction
Authors: André Rémi F. , Palazzolo Alberto , Poucin Cyprien , Ribot François , Carenco Sophie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHydrosilylation reactions are commonly used for the reduction of carbonyl bonds in fine chemistry, catalyzed by transition metal complexes. The current challenge is to expand the scope of metal‐free alternative catalysts, including in particular organocatalysts. This work describes the organocatalyzed hydrosilylation of benzaldehyde with a phosphine, introduced at 10 mol%, and phenylsilane at room temperature. The activation of phenylsilane was highly dependent on the physical properties of the solvent such as the polarity, and the highest conversions were obtained in acetonitrile and propylene carbonate with yields of 46 % and 97 %, respectively. The best results of the screening over 13 phosphines and phosphites were obtained with linear trialkylphoshines (PMe3, PnBu3, POct3), indicating the importance of their nucleophilicity, with yields of 88 %, 46 % and 56 %, respectively. With the help of heteronuclear 1H−29Si NMR spectroscopy, the products of the hydrosilylation (PhSiH3‐n(OBn)n) were identified, allowing a monitoring of the concentration in the different species, and thereby of their reactivity. The reaction displayed an induction period of ca. 60 min, followed by the sequential hydrosilylations presenting various reaction rates. In agreement with the formation of partial charges in the intermediate state, we propose a mechanism based on a hypervalent silicon center via the Lewis base activation of the silicon Lewis acid.
Electrochemistry‐Based CO2 Removal Technologies
Authors: Biel‐Nielsen Tessa Lund , Hatton T. Alan , Villadsen Sebastian N. B. , Jakobsen Jan S. , Bonde Jacob L. , Spormann Alfred M. , Fosbøl Philip L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUnprecedented increase in atmospheric CO2 levels calls for efficient, sustainable, and cost‐effective technologies for CO2 removal, including both capture and conversion approaches. Current CO2 abatement is largely based on energy‐intensive thermal processes with a high degree of inflexibility. In this Perspective, it is argued that future CO2 technologies will follow the general societal trend towards electrified systems. This transition is largely promoted by decreasing electricity prices, continuous expansion of renewable energy infrastructure, and breakthroughs in carbon electrotechnologies, such as electrochemically modulated amine regeneration, redox‐active quinones and other species, and microbial electrosynthesis. In addition, new initiatives make electrochemical carbon capture an integrated part of Power‐to‐X applications, for example, by linking it to H2 production. Selected electrochemical technologies crucial for a future sustainable society are reviewed. However, significant further development of these technologies within the next decade is needed, to meet the ambitious climate goals.
Predicting continuous amyloid PET values with CSF and plasma Aβ42/Aβ40
Authors: Wisch Julie K. , Gordon Brian A. , Boerwinkle Anna H. , Luckett Patrick H. , Bollinger James G. , Ovod Vitaliy , Li Yan , Henson Rachel L. , West Tim , Meyer Mathew R. , Kirmess Kristopher M. , Benzinger Tammie L.S. , Fagan Anne M. , Morris John C. , Bateman Randall J. , Ances Beau M. , Schindler Suzanne E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionContinuous measures of amyloid burden as measured by positron emission tomography (PET) are being used increasingly to stage Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study examined whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma amyloid beta (Aβ)42/Aβ40 could predict continuous values for amyloid PET.MethodsCSF Aβ42 and Aβ40 were measured with automated immunoassays. Plasma Aβ42 and Aβ40 were measured with an immunoprecipitation–mass spectrometry assay. Amyloid PET was performed with Pittsburgh compound B (PiB). The continuous relationships of CSF and plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 with amyloid PET burden were modeled.ResultsMost participants were cognitively normal (427 of 491 [87%]) and the mean age was 69.0 ± 8.8 years. CSF Aβ42/Aβ40 predicted amyloid PET burden until a relatively high level of amyloid accumulation (69.8 Centiloids), whereas plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 predicted amyloid PET burden until a lower level (33.4 Centiloids).DiscussionCSF Aβ42/Aβ40 predicts the continuous level of amyloid plaque burden over a wider range than plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 and may be useful in AD staging.HighlightsCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid beta (Aβ)42/Aβ40 predicts continuous amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) values up to a relatively high burden.Plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 is a comparatively dichotomous measure of brain amyloidosis.Models can predict regional amyloid PET burden based on CSF Aβ42/Aβ40.CSF Aβ42/Aβ40 may be useful in staging AD.
Upper gastrointestinal bleed as the initial presentation of seminoma involving the duodenum in an elderly patient with 9 year follow up: A case report and literature review
Authors: Zhao Liena , Cheng Tina , Khalil Moosa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGerm cell tumors are the most common malignancies in males between 20 and 40 years. However, primary extragonadal germ cell tumors are rare and account for 2%–5% of all germ cell neoplasms in adults. Extragonadal germ cell tumors are characterized by their midline locations including pineal and suprasellar regions, mediastinum, retroperitoneum and sacrococcyx. These tumors have also been reported in rare locations such as prostate, bladder, vagina, liver and scalp. Extragonadal germ cell tumors can be primary but may also represent metastases from primary gonadal germ cell tumors. In this report we describe a case of a duodenal seminoma in a 66‐year‐old male with no history of testicular tumors, who presented with upper gastrointestinal bleed as the initial manifestation. He was effectively treated with chemotherapy and continues to progress well clinically, with no episodes of recurrence.
Modulating the electronic structure of hollow Cu/Cu3P hetero‐nanoparticles to boost the oxygen reduction performance in long‐lasting Zn‐air battery
Authors: Huang Yifan , Kong Fantao , Pei Fenglai , Wang Lianzhou , Cui Xiangzhi , Shi Jianlin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDeveloping cost–benefit and high‐performance non‐noble metal oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts is highly imperative for wide applications of renewable energy conversion devices. Herein, a one stone two birds phosphorization strategy has been proposed to synthesize hollow structured Cu/Cu3P heterogeneous nanoparticles supported on N, P co‐doped carbon (Cu/Cu3P@NP‐Cs). The optimized Cu/Cu3P@NP‐C‐900 features high ORR performance under both alkaline and acidic conditions. Moreover, the Cu/Cu3P@NP‐C‐900‐drivened Zn‐air battery exhibits a substantially higher power density output (148.2 mW cm−2) and stronger charge–discharge stability (300 h, 1805 cycles) than those of Pt/C‐equipped counterpart. The cross‐interface electron transfer from Cu3P to Cu effectively regulates the d‐band center of Cu/Cu3P, thereby leading to the balanced adsorption/desorption energy of oxygen species. Meanwhile, the hollow structure maximizes the exposure of accessible active centers, resulting in much accelerated ORR kinetics. This work proposes an innovative insight for developing hollow hetero‐structured catalysts to improve ORR performance.image
POU2AF3‐rearranged sarcomas: A novel tumor defined by fusions of EWSR1 or FUS to a gene formerly designated COLCA2
Authors: Hiemenz Matthew C. , Kaur Jaspreet , Kuang Zheng , Huang Richard S. P. , Harries Lukas , Metzger Dana , Schiavone Kelsie , Millis Sherri Z. , Lin Douglas I. , Lechpammer Mirna , Decker Brennan , Mata Douglas A. , Reddy Abhinav , Parke Matthew , Lee Eun Y. , Cui Xiaoyan , Iwenofu O. Hans , Buehler Darya , Henderson Les , Baldwin Erin M. , Boikos Sosipatros A. , Ramkissoon Shakti H. , Smith Steven C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGene fusions involving EWSR1 or FUS as the 5′ partner have been reported in a diverse array of sarcomas. Here, we characterize the histopathology and genomics of six tumors harboring a gene fusion between EWSR1 or FUS and POU2AF3, an understudied, putative colorectal cancer predisposition gene. Striking morphologic features reminiscent of synovial sarcoma were observed including a biphasic appearance with variable fusiform to epithelioid cytomorphology and staghorn‐type vasculature. RNA sequencing demonstrated variable breakpoints in EWSR1/FUS along with similar breakpoints in POU2AF3 that encompassed a 3′ portion of this gene. For cases in which additional information was available, the behavior of these neoplasms was aggressive with local spread and/or distant metastases. Although further studies are needed to confirm the functional significance of our findings, POU2AF3 fusions to EWSR1 or FUS may define a novel type of POU2AF3‐rearranged sarcomas with aggressive, malignant behavior.
Definitive chemoradiation for oropharyngeal squamous carcinomas: Outcomes with intensity‐modulated radiation therapy using simultaneous integrated boost, in a majorly p16 negative cohort
Authors: Maulik Shaurav , Roy Paromita , Mallick Indranil , Prasath Sriram , Arun B. , Chatterjee Sanjoy 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe literature on modern‐era outcomes of oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma (OPSCC) in India is limited.Materials and MethodsWe analyzed records of consecutive patients with OPSCC treated using a curative SIB IMRT regimen of 66 Gy/30#/6 weeks.ResultsOne hundred fifteen patients from July 2011 to December 2018 were analyzed. Twenty of 69 patients tested positive for p16. In p16 positive patients, the K‐M probability of being disease free and alive at 2 years, with at least one follow‐up 3 months after treatment, was 83% (median not reached) compared with 48% if p16 was unknown/negative. Patients staged as IVB p16 negative had a 2‐year DFS of 25%. Patients unfit for cisplatin and consequently received other agents had 2‐year DFS estimated at 20%.ConclusionsIntensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) with simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) and concurrent chemotherapy was feasible, with toxicity and disease control comparable to available literature. AJCC Stage IVB p16 negative disease had notably poor outcome.
Successful stem cell collection for atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor in an extremely low‐body weight child: A case report
Authors: Putzulu Rossana , Romano Alberto , Mancino Aldo , Corbingi Andrea , Massini Giuseppina , Mastrangelo Stefano , Pulitanò Silvia Maria , Piastra Marco , Pittiruti Mauro , Ruggiero Antonio , Piccirillo Nicola 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe use of peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells for bone marrow reconstitution after myeloablative therapy is well established in children with malignant disorders. However, the peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells collection in very low‐body weight (≤10 kg) children remains a significant challenge because of technical and clinical issues. A male newborn affected by atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor, diagnosed prenatally, received two cycles of chemotherapy following surgical resection. After an interdisciplinary discussion, it was decided to intensify the treatment with high‐dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation. After 7 days of G‐CSF administration the patient underwent hematopoietic progenitor cells‐apheresis collection. The procedure was performed in the pediatric intensive care unit, using two central venous catheters and Spectra Optia device. The cell collection procedure was completed in 200 min, during which time 3.9 total blood volumes were processed. During apheresis we did not observe electrolyte alterations. No adverse events were recorded during or immediately following the cell collection procedure. Our report describes the feasibility of performing large volume leukapheresis without complications in an extremely low‐body weight patient weighing 4.5 kg using the Spectra Optia apheresis device. No catheter‐related problems occurred, and apheresis was completed without any adverse event. In conclusion, we believe that very low‐body weight pediatric patients need a multidisciplinary approach to manage central venous access, hemodynamic monitoring, cell collection, prevention of metabolic complications to improve safety, feasibility, and efficiency of stem cell collection procedures.
Genetic variety of ORF3a shapes SARS‐CoV‐2 fitness through modulation of lipid droplet
Authors: Wang Weili , Qu Yafei , Wang Xin , Xiao Maggie Z. X. , Fu Joyce , Chen Lei , Zheng Yuejuan , Liang Qiming 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection leads to the accumulation of lipid droplets (LD), the central hubs of the lipid metabolism, in vitro or in type II pneumocytes and monocytes from coronavirus disease 19 (COVID‐19) patients and blockage of LD formation by specific inhibitors impedes SARS‐CoV‐2 replication. Here, we showed that ORF3a is necessary and sufficient to trigger LD accumulation during SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, leading to efficient virus replication. Although highly mutated during evolution, ORF3a‐mediated LD modulation is conserved in most SARS‐CoV‐2 variants except the Beta strain and is a major difference between SARS‐CoV and SARS‐CoV‐2 that depends on the genetic variations on the amino acid position 171, 193, and 219 of ORF3a. Importantly, T223I substitution in recent Omicron strains (BA.2‐BF.8) impairs ORF3a‐Vps39 association and LD accumulation, leading to less efficient replication and potentially contributing to lower pathogenesis of the Omicron strains. Our work characterized how SARS‐CoV‐2 modulates cellular lipid homeostasis to benefit its replication during virus evolution, making ORF3a‐LD axis a promising drug target for the treatment of COVID‐19.
Winds and waves in the Arabian Gulf: Physics, characteristics and long‐term hindcast
Authors: Langodan Sabique , Cavaleri Luigi , Bertotti Luciana , Qasem Ali M. , Razak Shanas Puthuveetil , Pomaro Angela , Hoteit Ibrahim 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA 40‐year hindcast of the wave conditions in the Arabian Gulf, the elongated basin between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran, is described. The input wind fields were derived from the ERA5 reanalysis by the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts for the period 1979–2019. Extensive comparisons with scatterometer data suggested a direction‐dependent wind calibration with a strong influence on the underestimation of offshore blowing winds. The dominant wave patterns in the basin are described together with the characteristics of the related winds. After characterizing the possible meteorological conditions, the corresponding wave fields were hindcast using the WAVEWATCH III model. Extensive validation against altimeter data shows an almost unitary fit and a 0.02‐m bias; a comparison with measured data strongly demonstrates that the general patterns and conditions were well reproduced. The wave physics was also analysed, revealing the crucial role of their dynamic generation in the investigated area domain. The very shallow nature of some limited coastal zones suggests that locally focused studies, with more detailed and specific physics, are required for the best description of the waves in these areas.
The relations between summer droughts/floods and oxygen isotope composition of precipitation in the Dongting Lake basin
Authors: Liu Zhongli , Zhang Xinping , Xiao Zhuoyong , He Xinguang , Rao Zhiguo , Guan Huade 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe stable oxygen isotope composition of precipitation (δ18Op) in southern China is considered as a valuable proxy of climatic conditions. However, their interpretations have been controversial. In this study, based on the observed and simulated data (isoGSM2) on oxygen isotope composition of precipitation, the linkage between summer precipitation (P) and δ18Op in the Dongting Lake basin and their possible influencing factors were investigated. The results indicate that the interannual variation of summer δ18Op is consistent with that of annual δ18Op. They both show a significantly negative correlation with the summer P, suggesting that the stable isotope composition in precipitation may be considered as a proxy of summer precipitation in the Dongting Lake basin. Statistically, the amount effect and circulation effect are significant in the isotope composition of precipitation in the basin. Based on either the observed data in Changsha or the simulated data for the basin, the local amount effect appears more important than large‐scale circulation for δ18Op during extreme summers. These results can potentially improve the reconstruction of paleoclimate in the East Asian monsoon region. Further study is needed to determine the contribution of local and large‐scale factors to the oxygen isotope composition of precipitation and to quantify the integral rainout along the moisture transporting paths.
Impacts of frozen ground degradation and vegetation greening on upper Brahmaputra runoff during 1981–2019
Authors: Wang Yuanwei , Wang Lei , Zhou Jing , Chai Chenhao , Hu Zhidan , Zhao Lin , Wang Shengfeng , Fan Mengtian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Tibetan Plateau (TP) contains the largest permafrost region in the mid–low latitudes and the largest area of glaciers outside of the polar regions. In recent decades, this region has experienced vegetation greening (e.g., increasing leaf area index) due to climate change. As the largest exorheic river on the TP, the Upper Brahmaputra Basin (UBB) is very sensitive to climate change, experiencing the humidifying and significant warming. In this study, we investigated the spatiotemporal variability of frozen ground and vegetation over the last four decades in the UBB and explored how these changes have impacted river runoff using a water‐ and energy‐budget distributed hydrological model (WEB‐DHM). We found that almost 50% of permafrost transformed into seasonally frozen or unfrozen ground from 1981 to 2019 with the great improvement of vegetation leaf area index (LAI). Based on the variable‐controlling approach (set the air temperature or vegetation unchanged), we revealed that frozen ground degradation caused an average of 9.3 billion m3 of water loss per year, accounting for 5.4% of total UBB river runoff, even if frozen ground degradation can increase water resources at the early stage. However, vegetation greening has caused a runoff decline by 10.9 billion m3 (6.4%) annually due to enhanced evapotranspiration. These findings highlight that it is critical to understand and mitigate the impacts of changing frozen ground and vegetation, when managing water resources availability and ecosystem conservation under rapid climate change.
Utilization of a periodontal endoscope in nonsurgical periodontal therapy: A randomized, split‐mouth clinical trial
Authors: Wright Hillary N. , Mayer Elizabeth T. , Lallier Thomas E. , Maney Pooja 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe removal of subgingival calculus to obtain gingival health is an integral part of nonsurgical periodontal therapy. The periodontal endoscope is used by some clinicians to help enhance access to effectively remove subgingival calculus; however, longer‐term studies on this subject are still lacking. The purpose of this randomized, controlled clinical trial was to compare the clinical outcomes of scaling and root planing (SRP) using a periodontal endoscope versus conventional SRP using loupes for up to 12 months, utilizing a split‐mouth design.MethodsTwenty‐five patients were recruited who exhibited generalized stage II or stage III periodontitis. SRP was rendered by the same experienced hygienist using either a periodontal endoscope or conventional SRP using loupes, following random assignment of the left and right halves of the mouth. All periodontal evaluations were done by the same periodontal resident at baseline, and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after therapy.ResultsSingle‐rooted teeth interproximal sites displayed a significantly lower percentage of improved sites (P < 0.05) than multirooted teeth for probing depth and clinical attachment level (CAL). Maxillary multirooted interproximal sites favored the use of the periodontal endoscope at the 3‐ and 6‐month time periods (P = 0.017 and 0.019, respectively) in terms of the percentage of sites with improved CAL. Mandibular multirooted interproximal sites showed more sites with improved CAL using conventional SRP than with the periodontal endoscope (P < 0.05).ConclusionOverall, the use of a periodontal endoscope was more beneficial in multirooted sites compared to single‐rooted sites, specifically in maxillary multirooted sites.
Cranial nerve palsy prevalence and associated factors in patients with malignant otitis externa
Authors: Zonnour Alireza , Shahnazar Reza , Jamshidi Abolfazl , Dabiri Sasan , Saedi Elham , Emami Hamed , Yazdani Nasrin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo identify the prevalence of cranial nerve (CN) palsy and its associated factors in malignant otitis externa (MOE).MethodsIn a retrospective study, records of MOE patients from 2011 to 2014 were reviewed. MOE and CN involvement were evaluated based on patient demographics, clinical, and paraclinical data.ResultsOverall, 119 MOE patients with a mean age of 65.9 ± 11.3 were included. 69.7% were male, and 63.0% had a history of diabetes. The most common symptoms and signs were otalgia (97.5%), otorrhea (44.5%), and ear canal erythema/edema (24.4%). Thirty‐three patients (27.7%) had CN involvement. The facial nerve was mostly involved (26.1%). Skull base osteomyelitis (SBO) was present in 59 patients. When excluding patients younger than 30 and older than 80, age decade was correlated with CN palsy. 66.9% of patients with CN palsy and 65.6% without CN palsy were male, which was significantly different. The following factors were not significantly different between patients with and without CN palsy: Comorbidities, signs and symptoms, diagnostic delay, erythrocyte sedimentation rate level, fasting blood sugar, hemoglobin A1c level, antifungal therapy, hospitalization duration, and SBO on imaging. Tinnitus was correlated with SBO evidence on imaging (specificity: 96.7%).ConclusionCN involvement occurs in about three out of 10 MOE patients. Male gender and advanced age may be related to a higher incidence rate of CN palsy. Tinnitus can be a specific indicator of SBO. These findings could help in better decision‐making for early interventions.Level of Evidence4.