bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of multimodal intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring of the spinal cord during spine and spinal cord surgeries
Authors: Elwakil Walaa , Imam Mohamed , Hassan Marwa , Elsaadany Waleed , Gaber Omnia 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
There is growing evidence of the valuable role of multimodal intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) during spine and spinal cord surgeries, as it provides an opportunity to recognize functional changes of the neural elements, usually in the reversible stage, during complex surgical manipulations. Therefore, it may reduce the risk of postoperative neurological dysfunction and improve functional outcomes. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the efficacy of multimodal IONM for preventing and predicting iatrogenic neurological dysfunction during spinal cord and spine surgeries.

Results
Significant alerts had occurred in 9 out of 24 patients; however, all the changes were reversible and did not contribute to postoperative clinical deterioration. Only one case got worsened in the early postoperative follow-up period, with stable intraoperative monitoring.

Conclusion
Intraoperative monitoring is a valuable tool in spine and spinal cord surgeries. Combined transcranial motor-evoked potential (TcMEP), somatosensory-evoked potential (SSEP), and spontaneous electromyography (EMG) monitoring may prevent permanent motor deficit and enhance the postoperative outcomes.
Totally endoscopic trans-mitral removal of a left ventricular apical thrombus through right thoracotomy in a patient with subacute anterior myocardial infarction: a case report
Authors: Oda Ryoma , Oishi Atsumi , Kamikawa Yuki , Hata Hiroaki , Kajimoto Kan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Left ventricular thrombosis confers a life-threatening risk of systemic embolism; therefore, it requires prompt intervention. Although anticoagulation is the primary treatment, surgery is indicated in instances of large or/and mobile thrombus or when there is potential for recovery of ventricular contraction. However, standard left ventriculoplasty with thrombectomy carries risks of cardiac dysfunction due to left ventriculotomy.

Case presentation
A 70-year-old man developed chest pain and vomiting 3 weeks before presenting to our hospital. A chest radiograph showed substantial cardiomegaly and mild pulmonary congestion; N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (5698 ng/L) was substantially increased, and troponin T (56 ng/L) levels were slightly above reference values. Transthoracic echocardiography showed akinesis of the anteroseptal and apical segments with an ejection fraction reduced to approximately 20%. We diagnosed subacute myocardial infarction and initiated pharmacotherapy. On hospital day 7, coronary angiography revealed a left anterior descending artery lesion with 99% stenosis; percutaneous coronary intervention was successfully performed the next day. That same day, transthoracic echocardiography revealed a large mobile left ventricular apical thrombus without any left ventricular aneurysm, and heparin therapy was initiated. On hospital day 10, three-dimensional computed tomography confirmed the location of an apical thrombus, and we planned a fourth intercostal approach. A thrombectomy was performed on hospital day 11 using an endoscopic trans-mitral approach with a right thoracotomy to avoid a left ventriculotomy. The patient was discharged from intensive care on postoperative day 2 under heparin and warfarin therapy. The subsequent postoperative course was uneventful, and he was discharged on postoperative day 14 with a vitamin K antagonist. At the 6-month follow-up, there was no recurrence of thrombus in the left ventricle and Ejection Fraction had improved to 46%.

Conclusions
Totally endoscopic thrombectomy via a trans-mitral approach through right thoracotomy was effective for a left ventricular thrombus. When concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting or left ventriculoplasty are not required, this procedure can be an effective option.
Practical Assessment and Management of Vulnerabilities in Older Patients Receiving Systemic Cancer Therapy: ASCO Guideline Update
Authors: Dale William , Klepin Heidi D. , Williams Grant R. , Alibhai Shabbir M.H. , Bergerot Cristiane , Brintzenhofeszoc Karlynn , Hopkins Judith O. , Jhawer Minaxi P. , Katheria Vani , Loh Kah Poh , Lowenstein Lisa M. , McKoy June M. , Noronha Vanita , Phillips Tanyanika , Rosko Ashley E. , Ruegg Tracy , Schiaffino Melody K. , Simmons John F. , Subbiah Ishwaria , Tew William P. , Webb Tracy L. , Whitehead Mary , Somerfield Mark R. , Mohile Supriya G. 
Published: July 2023

PURPOSE To update the ASCO guideline (2018) on the practical assessment and management of age-associated vulnerabilities in older patients undergoing systemic cancer therapy. METHODS An Expert Panel conducted a systematic review to identify relevant randomized clinical trials (RCTs), systematic reviews, and meta-analyses from January 2016 to December 2022. RESULTS A total of 26 publications met eligibility criteria and form the evidentiary basis for the update. RECOMMENDATIONS The Expert Panel reiterates its overarching recommendation from the prior guideline that geriatric assessment (GA), including all essential domains, should be used to identify vulnerabilities or impairments that are not routinely captured in oncology assessments for all patients over 65 years old with cancer. Based on recently published RCTs demonstrating significantly improved clinical outcomes, all older adults with cancer (65+ years old) receiving systemic therapy with GA-identified deficits should have GA-guided management (GAM) included in their care plan. GAM includes using GA findings to inform cancer treatment decision-making as well as to address impairments through appropriate interventions, counseling, and/or referrals. A GA should include high priority aging-related domains known to be associated with outcomes in older adults with cancer: physical and cognitive function, emotional health, comorbid conditions, polypharmacy, nutrition, and social support. Clinical adaptation of the GA based on patient population, resources, and time is appropriate. The Panel recommends the Practical Geriatric Assessment as one option for this purpose ( https://old-prod.asco.org/sites/new-www.asco.org/files/content-files/practice-patients/documents/2023-PGA-Final.pdf ; https://youtu.be/jnaQIjOz2Dw ; https://youtu.be/nZXtwaGh0Z0 ). Additional information is available at www.asco.org/supportive-care-guidelines .
Crosstalk Between the Neuroendocrine System and Bone Homeostasis
Authors: Zhao Yuhu , Peng Xiaole , Wang Qing , Zhang Zhiyu , Wang Liangliang , Xu Yaozeng , Yang Huilin , Bai Jiaxiang , Geng Dechun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The homeostasis of bone microenvironment is the foundation of bone health and comprises 2 concerted events: bone formation by osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts. In the early 21st century, leptin, an adipocytes-derived hormone, was found to affect bone homeostasis through hypothalamic relay and the sympathetic nervous system, involving neurotransmitters like serotonin and norepinephrine. This discovery has provided a new perspective regarding the synergistic effects of endocrine and nervous systems on skeletal homeostasis. Since then, more studies have been conducted, gradually uncovering the complex neuroendocrine regulation underlying bone homeostasis. Intriguingly, bone is also considered as an endocrine organ that can produce regulatory factors that in turn exert effects on neuroendocrine activities. After decades of exploration into bone regulation mechanisms, separate bioactive factors have been extensively investigated, whereas few studies have systematically shown a global view of bone homeostasis regulation. Therefore, we summarized the previously studied regulatory patterns from the nervous system and endocrine system to bone. This review will provide readers with a panoramic view of the intimate relationship between the neuroendocrine system and bone, compensating for the current understanding of the regulation patterns of bone homeostasis, and probably developing new therapeutic strategies for its related disorders.
From mechanism to ecosystem: building bridges between ecoimmunology, psychoneuroimmunology and disease ecology
Authors: French Susannah S. , Demas Gregory E. , Lopes Patricia C. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTHistorically, the fields of ecoimmunology, psychoneuroimmunology and disease ecology have taken complementary yet disparate theoretical and experimental approaches, despite sharing critical common themes. Researchers in these areas have largely worked independently of one another to understand mechanistic immunological responses, organismal level immune performance, behavioral changes, and host and parasite/disease population dynamics, with few bridges across disciplines. Although efforts to strengthen and expand these bridges have been called for (and occasionally heeded) over the last decade, more integrative studies are only now beginning to emerge, with critical gaps remaining. Here, we briefly discuss the origins of these key fields, and their current state of integration, while highlighting several critical directions that we suggest will strengthen their connections into the future. Specifically, we highlight three key research areas that provide collaborative opportunities for integrative investigation across multiple levels of biological organization, from mechanisms to ecosystems: (1) parental effects of immunity, (2) microbiome and immune function and (3) sickness behaviors. By building new bridges among these fields, and strengthening existing ones, a truly integrative approach to understanding the role of host immunity on individual and community fitness is within our grasp.
DERGeo: GEOVISUALIZADOR DE INFORMAÇÕES GEOGRÁFICAS PARA GESTÃO DO SISTEMA RODOVIÁRIO DO DISTRITO FEDERAL
Authors: Santos Janduhy Pereira , Guimarães Paulo Honório , Alves Lorena da Silva Bruna , Rosa Campani Alex , Vieira de Oliveira Jesus Mauro 
Published: July 2023

O DERGeo é um ambiente virtual de engajamento baseado em nuvem que permite acesso e interação às informações referentes aos mapas rodoviários produzidos, bem como aos dados vetoriais, às aplicações desenvolvidas na autarquia e outras informações pertinentes ao Sistema Rodoviário do Distrito Federal (SRDF), como o histórico de publicações dos mapas rodoviários, às legislações do SRDF, aos downloads de dados públicos e abertos tanto os produzidos pelo Departamento de Estradas de Rodagem do Distrito Federal (DER/DF) quanto por outros entes da Administração Distrital. Também é possível acessar outras funcionalidades às aplicações desenvolvidas para temas específicos como o Painel Analítico de Acidentes Rodoviários do Distrito Federal (PARE/DF) e a confecção e impressão de mapas personalizados, além da consulta a uma gama de assuntos de natureza espacial pertinentes ao SRDF. O artigo descreve o desenvolvimento de um SIG baseado na web com o intuito de permitir o acesso e a interação de informações referentes aos mapas temáticos produzidos, bem como a dados livres e outras informações pertinentes ao Sistema Rodoviário do Distrito Federal.
H συμβολή της συνέντευξης στη διαδικασία επιλογής διευθυντών σχολικών μονάδων στις Διευθύνσεις Δευτεροβάθμιας Εκπαίδευσης της Περιφέρειας Ανατολικής Μακεδονίας και Θράκης, στις κρίσεις του 2023
Authors: Ταταρίδης Γιάννης 
Published: July 2023

Μετά από τρεις ετήσιες παρατάσεις της θητείας των διευθυντών σχολικών μονάδων, το 2023 πραγματοποιήθηκε η διαδικασία επιλογής στελεχών εκπαίδευσης, με βάση το ν.4823/2021, ο οποίος προβλέπει τέσσερα διαφορετικά κριτήρια: α) επιστημονική - παιδαγωγική συγκρότηση, β) διδακτική, συμβουλευτική-καθοδηγητική και διοικητική-υποστηρικτική εμπειρία, γ) αξιολόγηση και δ) προσωπικότητα και γενική συγκρότηση των υποψηφίων. Το τελευταίο κριτήρια αποτιμάται με τη διαδικασία της συνέντευξης των υποψηφίων από πενταμελές τοπικό συμβούλιο επιλογής το οποίο συγκροτείται με απόφαση του περιφερειακού διευθυντή εκπαίδευσης. Η παρούσα εργασία διερευνά τη συμβολή της συνέντευξης στη διαμόρφωση του τελικού αξιολογικού πίνακα υποψήφιων διευθυντών σχολικών μονάδων στις πέντε Περιφερειακές Ενότητες της Περιφέρειας Ανατολικής Μακεδονίας και Θράκης, επομένως συγκρίνει τη λειτουργία πέντε διαφορετικών τοπικών συμβουλίων επιλογής διευθυντών σχολικών μονάδων.
Active adults have thicker peripheral muscles and diaphragm: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Shetty Aishwarya , Chandrasekaran Baskaran , Kamath Koustubh , Ravichandran Sneha , Kadavigere Rajagopal , David Leena R , Karuppaya Banumathe , Vijayasarathi Guruprasad , Sukumar Suresh 
Published: July 2023

Background: The association between exercise and muscle build-up is a long-run connection. Whereas limited physical activity doesn't do well with muscle build-up. But how much is that difference in muscle thickness between different levels of physical activity? Aim: To understand this we conducted a cross-sectional study to associate physical activity and sitting time with the muscle thickness of the lower limb and diaphragm. Methods: The research's participants ranged in age from 18 to 35. Out of 91 patients, 30 were found to smoke routinely and 6 had a drinking history after questions concerning lifestyle factors including smoking and drinking were questioned. In terms of occupation, 74.7% of people had an occupation and 25% were unemployed. We acquired ultrasonography for the quadriceps (rectus femoris and vastus intermedialis), soleus muscle, and diaphragm. Participants were divided into groups according to their self-reported levels of physical activity and sitting time based on IPAQ scores. Results: We found that the lower limb muscles have shown statistically significant differences between vigorous physical activity (VPA) and lower physical activity (LPA). We found that the quadriceps muscle(rectus femoris and vastus intermedialis) thickness was 1.3 cm in LPA whereas 2.8 cm in VPA with (p=<0.001) soleus muscle thickness being 1 cm in LPA and 2.2 cm. Conclusions: Physical activity levels are found to be positively related to the peripheral muscle thickness VPA (p=<0.001). Physical activity levels are found to be positively related to peripheral muscle thickness.
Flattening Energy-Consumption Curves by Monthly Constrained Direct Load Control Contracts
Authors: Fattahi Ali , Ghodsi Saeed , Dasu Sriram , Ahmadi Reza 
Published: July 2023

California Utility Firm Implements Innovative Model, Reducing Costs by 4% A California utility firm has successfully implemented a pioneering model to balance electricity demand and supply while minimizing costs. By utilizing direct load control contracts (DLCCs), the firm can reduce energy consumption during peak hours. Researchers developed an integer stochastic dynamic optimization problem that considers monthly and annual constraints, allowing for effective execution of DLCCs. Incorporating a “reduce-to-threshold” policy to flatten energy-consumption curves during high demand, the model was verified using real data from the California Independent System Operator. When implemented, the utility firm achieved an impressive cost reduction of approximately 4%. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to enhance customer experience and improve DLCC contract features. The success of this innovative model highlights the potential of DLCCs and advanced optimization techniques in the energy sector, offering a blueprint for other utility companies seeking to optimize grid stability and reduce costs.
General anxiety and depression are associated with the physical activity and social interaction levels: Study in Argentinean university students during the COVID-19 outbreak
Authors: Barbuzza Alejo , Benedetti Pedro , Goyeneche Celina , Reppucci Victoria , Moscato Franco , Ramirez Butavand Daniela , Katche Cynthia , Medina Jorge Horacio , Moncada Diego , Viola Haydee , Ballarini Fabricio 
Published: July 2023

Objectives
The COVID-19 pandemic impacted people’s mental health. We explored the levels of depression and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) and their relation with physical activity and social interaction during the pandemic.

Methods
We surveyed two different groups of university students to measure depression , generalized anxiety, physical activity and social interaction in two different moments of the pandemic. The survey was conducted in October/November 2020, after a peak of contagions. Some of the participants were surveyed again in January 2021 for longitudinal analysis.

Results
Both mental health parameters were positively correlated for men and women.. Moreover, low levels of depression and anxiety were associated with performing physical activity for more than two days a week and to longer periods of social interaction. Finally, the second survey revealed a decrease in mental health symptoms.

Conclusions
Performing regular physical activity and avoiding long periods of social isolation gave benefits to mental health.
Optical phase retrieving employing differentiation of a couple of two-beam π/2 phase-shifted projected interference patterns
Authors: Ramadan W. A. , Wahba H. H. , El-Tawargy A. S. 
Published: July 2023

An approach to retrieve the 3D surface map of an estimated (i.e., digitally generated) object by projection of a couple of differentiated two-beam interference patterns is presented. A couple of two-beam interference patterns of a certain spatial frequency, shifted by a phase angle (π/2), are produced. Each one of these patterns is differentiated with respect to the carrier’s phase angle. The four obtained interference patterns are projected onto two estimated objects. Each object’s phase variations are retrieved utilizing the definition of the mathematical differentiation of the intensity distribution of the projected patterns. The inclination of the projected interference pattern on the object’s topography caused a redistribution of the intensity according to Lambert’s “cos” law of illumination. This effect is considered when the object’s phase map is retrieved. The limitations of the presented approach are discussed.
Luminescent solar concentrator efficiency versus edge solar cell coverage
Authors: Lu Xi , Zhou Jingjian , Jash Madhuri , Sychugov Ilya 
Published: July 2023

This Letter introduces an analytical approach to estimate the waveguiding efficiency of large-area luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs), where the edges are covered by a varied number of mirrors and solar cells. The model provides physically relevant description in the whole range of optical (absorption, scattering) and geometrical (size) parameters of rectangular LSCs. A 19 × 19 cm2 silicon quantum dot-based LSC has been fabricated to verify the theory. Within an experimental error, the predicted waveguiding efficiency matched well the measured one. A critical LSC size, beyond which a part of the device turns inactive, has been determined as N/α for N attached solar cells (one or two) and LSC material absorption coefficient α. This model provides a straightforward waveguiding analysis tool for large-area LSCs with different structural parameters relevant for both high concentration ratio and glazing applications.
Electrically pumped optomechanical beam GaN-LED accelerometer based on the quantum-confined Stark effect
Authors: Zhu Gangyi , Ji Xin , Zhang Zhenfu , Yan Xingcan , Yang Ying , Qin Feifei , Li Xin , Wu Jiagui , Sun Xiaojuan , Yang Junbo , Wang Yongjin 
Published: July 2023

Micro-nano optomechanical accelerometers are widely used in automobile, aerospace, and other industrial applications. Here, we fabricate mechanical sensing components based on an electrically pumped GaN light-emitting diode (LED) with a beam structure. The relationship between the blueshift of the electroluminescence (EL) spectra and the deformation of the GaN beam structure based on the quantum-confined Stark effect (QCSE) of the InGaN quantum well (QW) structure is studied by introducing an extra mass block. Under the equivalent acceleration condition, in addition to the elastic deformation of GaN-LED, a direct relationship exists between the LED’s spectral shift and the acceleration’s magnitude. The extra mass block (gravitational force: 7.55×10−11  N) induced blueshift of the EL spectra is obtained and shows driven current dependency. A polymer sphere (PS; gravitational force: 3.427×10−12  N) is placed at the center of the beam GaN-LED, and a blueshift of 0.061 nm is observed in the EL spectrum under the injection current of 0.5 mA. The maximum sensitivity of the acceleration is measured to be 0.02  m/s2, and the maximum measurable acceleration is calculated to be 1.8×106  m/s2. It indicates the simultaneous realization of high sensitivity and a broad acceleration measurement range. This work is significant for several applications, including light force measurement and inertial navigation systems with high integration ability.
The age profile of respiratory syncytial virus burden in preschool children of low- and middle-income countries: A semi-parametric, meta-regression approach
Authors: Antillón Marina , Li Xiao , Willem Lander , Bilcke Joke ,   RESCEU investigators, Jit Mark , Beutels Philippe 
Published: July 2023

Background
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections are among the primary causes of death for children under 5 years of age worldwide. A notable challenge with many of the upcoming prophylactic interventions against RSV is their short duration of protection, making the age profile of key interest to the design of prevention strategies.

Methods and findings
We leverage the RSV data collected on cases, hospitalizations, and deaths in a systematic review in combination with flexible generalized additive mixed models (GAMMs) to characterize the age burden of RSV incidence, hospitalization, and hospital-based case fatality rate (hCFR). Due to the flexible nature of GAMMs, we estimate the peak, median, and mean incidence of infection to inform discussions on the ideal “window of protection” of prophylactic interventions. In a secondary analysis, we reestimate the burden of RSV in all low- and middle-income countries. The peak age of community-based incidence is 4.8 months, and the mean and median age of infection is 18.9 and 14.7 months, respectively. Estimating the age profile using the incidence coming from hospital-based studies yields a slightly younger age profile, in which the peak age of infection is 2.6 months and the mean and median age of infection are 15.8 and 11.6 months, respectively. More severe outcomes, such as hospitalization and in-hospital death have a younger age profile. Children under 6 months of age constitute 10% of the population under 5 years of age but bear 20% to 29% of cases, 28% to 39% of hospitalizations, and 38% to 50% of deaths.
On an average year, we estimate 28.23 to 31.34 million cases of RSV, between 2.95 to 3.35 million hospitalizations, and 16,835 to 19,909 in-hospital deaths in low, lower- and upper middle-income countries. In addition, we estimate 17,254 to 23,875 deaths in the community, for a total of 34,114 to 46,485 deaths. Globally, evidence shows that community-based incidence may differ by World Bank Income Group, but not hospital-based incidence, probability of hospitalization, or the probability of in-hospital death (p ≤ 0.01, p = 1, p = 0.86, 0.63, respectively). Our study is limited mainly due to the sparsity of the data, especially for low-income countries (LICs). The lack of information for some populations makes detecting heterogeneity between income groups difficult, and differences in access to care may impact the reported burden.

Conclusions
We have demonstrated an approach to synthesize information on RSV outcomes in a statistically principled manner, and we estimate that the age profile of RSV burden depends on whether information on incidence is collected in hospitals or in the community. Our results suggest that the ideal prophylactic strategy may require multiple products to avert the risk among preschool children.