bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detecting AI-generated essays: the ChatGPT challenge
Authors: Cingillioglu Ilker 
Published: April 2023

PurposeWith the advent of ChatGPT, a sophisticated generative artificial intelligence (AI) tool, maintaining academic integrity in all educational settings has recently become a challenge for educators. This paper discusses a method and necessary strategies to confront this challenge.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, a language model was defined to achieve high accuracy in distinguishing ChatGPT-generated essays from human written essays with a particular focus on “not falsely” classifying genuinely human-written essays as AI-generated (Negative).FindingsVia support vector machine (SVM) algorithm 100% accuracy was recorded for identifying human generated essays. The author discussed the key use of Recall and F2 score for measuring classification performance and the importance of eliminating False Negatives and making sure that no actual human generated essays are incorrectly classified as AI generated. The results of the proposed model's classification algorithms were compared to those of AI-generated text detection software developed by OpenAI, GPTZero and Copyleaks.Practical implicationsAI-generated essays submitted by students can be detected by teachers and educational designers using the proposed language model and machine learning (ML) classifier at a high accuracy. Human (student)-generated essays can and must be correctly identified with 100% accuracy even if the overall classification accuracy performance is slightly reduced.Originality/valueThis is the first and only study that used an n-gram bag-of-words (BOWs) discrepancy language model as input for a classifier to make such prediction and compared the classification results of other AI-generated text detection software in an empirical way.
The role of governmental stakeholder engagement in the sustainability of industrial engineering projects
Authors: Pauna Tommi , Lehtinen Jere , Kujala Jaakko , Aaltonen Kirsi 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThe aim of this research was to understand how governmental stakeholder engagement facilitates the sustainability of industrial engineering (IE) projects. A model for governmental stakeholder engagement activities is presented.Design/methodology/approachThe authors relied on a single-case study of a mining project in Northern Europe, where a novel collaboration and engagement approach with governmental stakeholders was piloted in the project's front-end phase. The analysis focused on the collaborative practices through which the IE project investor engaged governmental stakeholders during the project's front-end phase and how the engagement contributed to solving challenges in the early planning and permitting process and achieving project plans that balanced economic, social and environmental aspects.FindingsThe findings show how four collaborative engagement practices reduced uncertainty and equivocality related to the legal sustainability requirements, enabled the development of sustainable design solutions and overall accelerated the permitting process without compromising the quality of final project plans.Practical implicationsThe findings can be used to plan governmental stakeholder engagement and understand related challenges that need to be overcome. The study highlights the need to develop established practices and guidelines for governmental stakeholder engagement.Originality/valueThis study complements prior research on stakeholder engagement and project sustainability by developing an understanding of how governmental stakeholder engagement can be a key mechanism enabling the sustainability of IE project's end product. This research contributes to stakeholder theory by elaborating on a new stakeholder role, intermediary stakeholder.
Effects of consumer animosity on boycotts: the role of cognitive-affective evaluations and xenocentrism
Authors: Xie Jiali , Choo Ho Jung , Lee Ha Kyung 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the influence of brand-targeted animosity on consumers' boycott intentions for target fashion products via their cognitive and affective evaluations, in the context of the “Xinjiang cotton ban” incident. The moderating role of xenocentrism was also examined.Design/methodology/approachData were collected through an online survey in China using convenience sampling, and 411 valid responses were obtained. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 for the descriptive statistics, frequency analysis and reliability analysis. AMOS 24.0 was employed for the confirmatory factor and structural equation modeling analyses. Bootstrapping analysis using PROCESS Macro was employed to analyze the moderating effects.FindingsThis study found that consumers' brand animosity directly and positively affected boycott intentions and that this influence was sequentially mediated through cognitive-affective evaluations. However, cognitive product judgment did not directly affect boycott intentions. The results showed that xenocentrism had a moderating effect on the relationship between animosity and cognitive judgment. The higher the xenocentrism of consumers, the weaker the negative effect of animosity was on cognitive judgment.OriginalityThis study bridges the gap in the literature on animosity and xenocentrism in a fashion-related context through examining the consequences of brand animosity.
Limited knowledge and informal lobbying: internet regulation through content filters in Swedish public libraries
Authors: Johansson Veronica , Lindh Maria 
Published: April 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to describe and explore the current state of internet regulation through content filters in Swedish public libraries.

Design/methodology/approach
Data was collected through an electronic survey directed to library managers of Sweden’s 290 main municipal libraries. 164 answers were returned, yielding a 57% response rate. The analysis comprises descriptive statistics for quantitative data and an activity theory approach with focus on contradictions for qualitative counterparts.

Findings
In total, 33% of the responding libraries report having content filters; 50% have not; and a surprising 18% do not know. There is a strong correlation between internet misuse and positive attitudes towards filters, and, reversely, between lack of misuse and lack of active stances concerning filters. Rather than seeing this as weakness, the authors suggest that there is strength in a context-bound flexibility open to practical experience and weighting of values, ethics, legislation and local circumstances. More troublesome indications concern the high deferral of decision-making to local authorities (municipalities) whereby libraries are left with limited insight and influence.

Research limitations/implications
The situation calls for professional organisations to address political mandate questions, and educational programs to strengthen future information professionals’ knowledge of IT in general; filter issues in specific; and local authority decision-making. The study highlights the need of adequate information professional competences and mandates to decide on and oversee internet regulation.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first internationally published study on content filters in Swedish public libraries.
Covariation among reproductive traits in flowering plants shapes their interactions with pollinators
Authors: B. Lanuza Jose , Rader Romina , Stavert Jamie , Kendall Liam K. , Saunders Manu E. , Bartomeus Ignasi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Globally, plants display enormous variation in life‐history strategies and trait combinations. However, evidence suggests that evolutionary and physiological constraints limit the number of plant ecological strategies. Although there have been recent advances in understanding correlations among plant traits, reproductive traits are rarely considered, despite their key role in shaping plant life‐history strategies and interactions with pollinators.

Here, using a global dataset of 18 reproductive traits for 1506 species, we investigate the reproductive spectrum of flowering plants to identify how it shapes interactions with pollinators.

We show that over 50% of all trait variation is explained by the first two reproductive axes, which represent the negative correlation between flower number and flower size, and the negative correlation between autonomous selfing and floral display size. In addition, these reproductive axes were associated with the identity and number of visits of the distinct pollinator guilds. However, reproductive axes explain a relatively small amount of variance in pollinator interactions highlighting the need to incorporate other factors along with reproductive traits to fully explain large‐scale patterns of plant–pollinator interactions.

Our study identifies the major reproductive trait correlations in flowering plants and their role in shaping plant–pollinator interactions at a macro‐ecological scale. These findings emphasise the importance of considering reproductive traits in the global spectrum of plant form and function, and the need to explore beyond floral morphological traits to broaden our understanding of plant–pollinator interactions.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Auditors’ Use of In‐House Specialists
Authors: ZIMMERMAN ALEKSANDRA “ALLY” B. , BARR‐PULLIAM DERECK , LEE JOON‐SUK , MINUTTI‐MEZA MIGUEL 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTUsing Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) inspection data from 2006 to 2018, we examine the use of auditor‐employed specialists in audit engagements. First, we find that the use of specialists is increasingly prevalent and related to clients’ size and complex accounting estimates. Second, the use of specialists is positively associated with the incidence of audit process deficiencies (identified by PCAOB inspections) but is not associated with output‐based audit‐quality proxies (restatements or absolute discretionary accruals). Hence, although process deficiencies are more likely to occur in engagements with higher use of specialists, financial reporting quality is not negatively impacted. Third, the use of specialists is positively associated with the likelihood of goodwill impairments and negatively associated with engagement profitability. Finally, cross‐sectional tests suggest that board accounting expertise is a salient condition for more effective use of specialists. Collectively, our findings align with concerns noted by the PCAOB and prior experimental and survey studies. Although specialists assist auditors with the audit of complex estimates, engagements with comparatively high specialist use entail an incremental risk of audit process deficiencies.
Improving ecological data science with workflow management software
Authors: Brousil Matthew R. , Filazzola Alessandro , Meyer Michael F. , Sharma Sapna , Hampton Stephanie E. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPressing environmental research questions demand the integration of increasingly diverse and large‐scale ecological datasets as well as complex analytical methods, which require specialized tools and resources.Computational training for ecological and evolutionary sciences has become more abundant and accessible over the past decade, but tool development has outpaced the availability of specialized training. Most training for scripted analyses focuses on individual analysis steps in one script rather than creating a scripted pipeline, where modular functions comprise an ecosystem of interdependent steps. Although current computational training creates an excellent starting place, linear styles of scripting can risk becoming labor‐ and time‐intensive and less reproducible by often requiring manual execution. Pipelines, however, can be easily automated or tracked by software to increase efficiency and reduce potential errors. Ecology and evolution would benefit from techniques that reduce these risks by managing analytical pipelines in a modular, readily parallelizable format with clear documentation of dependencies.Workflow management software (WMS) can aid in the reproducibility, intelligibility and computational efficiency of complex pipelines. To date, WMS adoption in ecology and evolutionary research has been slow. We discuss the benefits and challenges of implementing WMS and illustrate its use through a case study with thetargets rpackage to further highlight WMS benefits through workflow automation, dependency tracking and improved clarity for reviewers.Although WMS requires familiarity with function‐oriented programming and careful planning for more advanced applications and pipeline sharing, investment in training will enable access to the benefits of WMS and impart transferable computing skills that can facilitate ecological and evolutionary data science at large scales.
The relationship between responsible financial behaviours and financial wellbeing: The case of buy‐now‐pay‐later
Authors: Powell Robert , Do Anh , Gengatharen Denise , Yong Jaime , Gengatharen Rasiah 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBuy‐now‐pay‐later (BNPL) in Australia is a rapidly growing payment innovation. Regulators and consumer groups have expressed concerns at the financial risks posed by BNPL. As BNPL is not regulated under consumer credit law, financial regulator and consumer groups have recommended that BNPL users adopt a range of responsible financial behaviours for their financial wellbeing. This study, using a survey of BNPL users and structural equation modelling, shows a link between most of these recommended financially responsible behaviours and financial wellbeing and that the financial behaviours of younger users (aged under 25) place them at greater risk of reduced financial wellbeing.
Perampanel for the treatment of people with idiopathic generalized epilepsy in clinical practice
Authors: Trinka Eugen , Alsaadi Taoufik , Goji Hiroko , Maehara Taketoshi , Takahashi Satoru , Jacobs Julia , Renna Rosaria , Gil‐López Francisco José , McMurray Rob , Sáinz‐Fuertes Ricardo , Villanueva Vicente 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study was undertaken to evaluate perampanel (PER) when used under real‐world conditions to treat people with idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) included in the PERaMpanel pooled analysIs of effecTiveness and tolerability (PERMIT) study.MethodsThe multinational, retrospective, pooled analysis PERMIT explored the use of PER in people with focal and generalized epilepsy treated in clinical practice across 17 countries. This subgroup analysis included PERMIT participants with IGE. Time points for retention and effectiveness measurements were 3, 6, and 12 months (last observation carried forward, defined as "last visit," was also applied to effectiveness). Effectiveness was evaluated by seizure type (total seizures, generalized tonic–clonic seizures [GTCS], myoclonic seizures, absence seizures) and included ≥50% responder rate and seizure freedom rate (defined as no seizures since at least the previous visit). Safety/tolerability was monitored throughout PER treatment and evaluated by documenting the incidence of adverse events (AEs), including psychiatric AEs and those leading to treatment discontinuation.ResultsThe Full Analysis Set included 544 people with IGE (51.9% women, mean age = 33.3 years, mean epilepsy duration = 18.1 years). At 3, 6, and 12 months, 92.4%, 85.5%, and 77.3% of participants were retained on PER treatment, respectively (Retention Population, n = 497). At the last visit, responder and seizure freedom rates were, respectively, 74.2% and 54.6% (total seizures), 81.2% and 61.5% (GTCS), 85.7% and 66.0% (myoclonic seizures), and 90.5% and 81.0% (absence seizures) (Effectiveness Population, n = 467). AEs occurred in 42.9% of patients and included irritability (9.6%), dizziness/vertigo (9.2%), and somnolence (6.3%) (Tolerability Population, n = 520). Treatment discontinuation due to AEs was 12.4% over 12 months.SignificanceThis subgroup analysis of the PERMIT study demonstrated the effectiveness and good tolerability of PER in people with IGE when administered under everyday clinical practice conditions. These findings are in line with clinical trial evidence, supporting PER's use as broad‐spectrum antiseizure medication for the treatment of IGE.
The microbial community dynamics of cocaine sensitization in two behaviorally divergent strains of collaborative cross mice
Authors: Tran Thi Dong Binh , Monroy Hernandez Christian , Nguyen Hoan , Wright Susan ,   Center for Systems Neurogenetics of Addiction, Tarantino Lisa M. , Chesler Elissa J. , Weinstock George M. , Zhou Yanjiao , Bubier Jason A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe gut‐brain axis is increasingly recognized as an important pathway involved in cocaine use disorder. Microbial products of the murine gut have been shown to affect striatal gene expression, and depletion of the microbiome by antibiotic treatment alters cocaine‐induced behavioral sensitization in C57BL/6J male mice. Some reports suggest that cocaine‐induced behavioral sensitization is correlated with drug self‐administration behavior in mice. Here, we profile the composition of the naïve microbiome and its response to cocaine sensitization in two collaborative cross (CC) strains. These strains display extremely divergent behavioral responses to cocaine sensitization. A high‐responding strain, CC004/TauUncJ (CC04), has a gut microbiome that contains a greater amount of Lactobacillus than the cocaine‐nonresponsive strain CC041/TauUncJ (CC41). The gut microbiome of CC41 is characterized by an abundance of Eisenbergella, Robinsonella and Ruminococcus. In response to cocaine, CC04 has an increased Barnsiella population, while the gut microbiome of CC41 displays no significant changes. PICRUSt functional analysis of the functional potential of the gut microbiome in CC04 shows a significant number of potential gut‐brain modules altered after exposure to cocaine, specifically those encoding for tryptophan synthesis, glutamine metabolism, and menaquinone synthesis (vitamin K2). Depletion of the microbiome by antibiotic treatment revealed an altered cocaine‐sensitization response following antibiotics in female CC04 mice. Depleting the microbiome by antibiotic treatment in males revealed increased infusions for CC04 during a cocaine intravenous self‐administration dose–response curve. Together these data suggest that genetic differences in cocaine‐related behaviors may involve the microbiome.
Exogenous carbon turnover within the soil food web strengthens soil carbon sequestration through microbial necromass accumulation
Authors: Kou Xinchang , Morriën Elly , Tian Yijia , Zhang Xiaoke , Lu Caiyan , Xie Hongtu , Liang Wenju , Li Qi , Liang Chao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractExogenous carbon turnover within soil food web is important in determining the trade‐offs between soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and carbon emission. However, it remains largely unknown how soil food web influences carbon sequestration through mediating the dual roles of microbes as decomposers and contributors, hindering our ability to develop policies for soil carbon management. Here, we conducted a 13C‐labeled straw experiment to demonstrate how soil food web regulated the residing microbes to influence the soil carbon transformation and stabilization process after 11 years of no‐tillage. Our work demonstrated that soil fauna, as a “temporary storage container,” indirectly influenced the SOC transformation processes and mediated the SOC sequestration through feeding on soil microbes. Soil biota communities acted as both drivers of and contributors to SOC cycling, with 32.0% of exogenous carbon being stabilizing in the form of microbial necromass as “new” carbon. Additionally, the proportion of mineral‐associated organic carbon and particulate organic carbon showed that the “renewal effect” driven by the soil food web promoted the SOC to be more stable. Our study clearly illustrated that soil food web regulated the turnover of exogenous carbon inputs by and mediated soil carbon sequestration through microbial necromass accumulation.
Process development and analyses for the co‐production of 2‐methyltetrahydrofuran and 1,4‐pentanediol from lignocellulosic biomass
Authors: Gong Chaehee , Lee Shinje , Won Wangyun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe development of technologies for utilizing biomass has attracted attention because biomass can be produced sustainably worldwide. Biomass‐derived 2‐methyltetrahydrofuran (MTHF), which is a promising alternative to gasoline, has great market potential and a growing demand. However, in conventional biomass conversion processes, the minimum selling price (MSP) of biochemicals is not economically acceptable. Co‐production of biochemicals can increase the economics of biomass utilization. Herein, we developed a process for co‐producing MTHF and 1,4‐pentanediol (1,4‐PDO) from lignocellulosic biomass. After biomass fractionation, cellulose and hemicellulose were converted to levulinic acid (LA), and lignin was used for heat and electricity generation. LA was then converted to γ‐valerolactone (GVL). As a platform material for co‐production, GVL was converted into MTHF and 1,4‐PDO in each subsystem. The split ratio of GVL was controlled to efficiently produce MTHF and 1,4‐PDO according to market conditions. Additionally, we performed a techno‐economic and life‐cycle assessment (TEA and LCA, respectively) for the developed process. The MSP of MTHF was calculated based on the TEA results, and the environmental impacts were quantitatively calculated based on the LCA results. We performed heat integration using pinch analysis and then reduced the energy requirement of the proposed process. The key cost drivers and environmental factors of the proposed process were identified via sensitivity analyses. Consequently, during the processing of 2000 ton/day of corn stover (raw material of lignocellulose), the MSP of MTHF was calculated as $2.64/GGE (gasoline equivalent), and representative environmental impacts such as climate change and fossil depletion were calculated as −0.296 kg CO2 eq and − 0.056 kg oil eq, respectively. As a result, we can increase the economics of commercial production of MTHF and 1,4‐PDO with environmental sustainability. The proposed process can serve as a potential solution to the growing demand for the need for more sustainable biomass utilization.
Breast within a breast: a review of breast hamartomas
Authors: Paraskevopoulos J A , Hosking S W , Stephenson T 
Published: April 2023

SummaryA 22‐year‐old woman who presented with a large lump in the left breast, subsequently found to be a breast hamartoma, is described. A full review is given of this rare and unusual benign breast lesion, which is likely to be recognised increasingly with the advent of mammographic screening.
ATRIAL FIBRILLATION STORMS
Authors: Mitchell ARJ , Spurrell PAR , Sulke N 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYEvolving pacemaker and device technology now allows the onset pattern of arrhythmias to be identified. It is recognised that some cardiac arrhythmias have a circadian pattern of onset and that ventricular arrhythmias can occur in clusters of electrical storms. The long‐term follow‐up of patients with an atrial defibrillator suggests that in some patients persistent atrial fibrillation recurrences are not random, but can occur in clusters of ‘atrial fibrillation storms’. A case report is used to demonstrate this newly recognised phenomenon.
BONE MARROW METASTASIS IN ANAPLASTIC OLIGODENDROGLIOMA
Authors: Sharma A , Agarwal A , Sharma MC , Anand M , Agarwal S , Raina V 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYOligodendroglioma is a rare primary brain tumour. These tumours rarely metastasise extraneurally because of the absence of a lymphatic system, the presence of the blood‐brain barrier and the patient's poor overall survival. Oligodendroglioma may spread via the cerebrospinal fluid or after surgical intervention. Metastasis to bone marrow is extremely rare. Oligodendroglioma is now considered a chemosensitive disease. If chemotherapy leads to prolonged survival, we may see more extraneural metastases in future.