bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selective Manipulation of L-Cysteine Crystal Polymorphs Using Focused Laser Beams
Authors: Sugiyama Teruki , Takahashi Hozumi , Yoshikawa Hiroshi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The selective manipulation of crystal polymorphism holds profound implications across diverse scientific and industrial fields, as distinct polymorphs exhibit unique physical and chemical properties. This study demonstrates selective polymorphic manipulation by laser trapping – a technique enabling contactless manipulation and condensation of matter at the nanometer-scale and micrometer-scale. L-cysteine, a ubiquitous amino acid employed in pharmaceuticals and food additives, was targeted. We reveal that continuous-wave laser irradiation yields single crystals of the metastable polymorph, whereas successive irradiation with high-repetition-rate femtosecond laser pulses induces poly-crystallization of the stable form. Crucially, by strategically alternating between these two laser modalities during crystal growth, we can open up new crystallization pathways, including the generation of single crystals of the stable phase. These findings underscore the significant potential of focused laser beams for precision polymorphic engineering, paving the way for the development of advanced materials with tailored properties.
Exploring parent support needs during and after adolescent suicide crisis emergency department visits – A qualitative investigation
Authors: Rheinberger Demee , Boydell Katherine , Armstrong Susanne Oliver , Pollard Sally Ann , Lessing Julia , McGillivray Lauren , Shand Fiona 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Adolescents are the age cohort most likely to attend an emergency department for suicide crisis, often accompanied by a parent. Parents have reported feeling as though they are not appropriately supported to provide the critical life sustaining care their adolescent needs after discharge from the emergency department. This study sought to understand what types of support parents need as a result of the emergency department presentation.
Method
Semi-structured, online interviews were conducted between February and May 2023. Individuals were eligible to participate if they were parents (biological, step, or adoptive) of adolescents (12–18 years old) who had attended an Australian emergency department for suicide crisis since January 2018. Data was analysed via reflexive thematic analysis.
Results
Twenty biological parents participated in interviews (average age: 46.9 years). Reflexive thematic analysis indicated there were three domains of support parents’ desired: 1) information about, and active involvement in, the emergency department care, 2) information about how to keep their adolescent safe and support recovery, and 3) tools to support parents’ own wellbeing.
Conclusions
These findings provide a preliminary outline of the support parents need and what resources may need to be developed to educate and support parents, which could be integrated into the emergency department procedures. Improving the way in which parents are supported to care for their adolescent may help reduce recurrent incidents of adolescent suicide attempts.
Single longitudinal mode 486.1 nm wavelength laser generation from β-Ba2BO4 -optical parametric amplifier system for ocean detection
Authors: Luo Qihui , Ma Jian , Huang Zizheng , Lu Tingting , Zhang Junxuan , Ma Haoda , Zhu Xiaolei , Chen Weibiao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

A single longitudinal mode (SLM) 486.1 nm blue pulsed laser was investigated by adopting a single-frequency distributed feedback laser (DFB) injected optical parametric oscillator (OPO) and optical parametric amplifier (OPA) structure, pumped by a 355 nm ultraviolet SLM laser at pulse repetition rate of 200 Hz. The maximum output pulse energy of 22.0 mJ was obtained from this injection seeded OPO/OPA system, corresponding to energy extraction efficiency of 35.4% and peak power density of 46.4 MW/cm2. The central wavelength of output laser pulse was 486.134 nm, which was well matched the H-β Fraunhofer line of solar spectrum, and the detected spectral linewidth was around 120 MHz.
Clinical, laboratory, and bacteriological correlations in neonatal sepsis: A prospective observational study
Authors: Varma Ravindra , Pradhan Monalisa , Shinde Srinivasrao G 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction: Neonatal sepsis is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Timely diagnosis and intervention are critical for improved outcomes. Blood culture is the gold standard for diagnosing neonatal sepsis and allows targeted antimicrobial therapy, and its results may be delayed for up to 48 hours. This study investigated the clinical features, sepsis screening parameters, and bacteriological profiles of neonatal sepsis patients to establish correlations that can guide timely diagnosis and treatment.
Study design: This prospective observational study included 106 neonates admitted with suspected sepsis over two years. Clinical features, septic screening results, and blood culture findings were analysed.
Results: Of the 106 neonates, 51.9% were male, 52.8% were preterm babies, and 71.6% had low birth weights. Respiratory distress (25%) was the most common symptom. Blood cultures were positive for 33.9%, predominantly Klebsiella pneumoniae (66.7%). Among the sepsis screening parameters, the micro-ESR had the highest sensitivity and specificity. Mortality was 3.8%.
Conclusions: Combining clinical features, sepsis screening tests, and blood cultures improves the early detection and management of neonatal sepsis.
Automatic Assistance to Mitigate Rollback Inconsistencies in Collaborative Edits
Authors: Mondal Saikat , Uddin Gias , Roy Chanchal K. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The success of technical Q&A sites such as Stack Overflow depends on two key factors: (a) active user participation and (b) the quality of the shared knowledge. Stack Overflow introduced an edit system that allows users to suggest improvements to posts (i.e., questions and answers) to enhance the quality of the content. However, users, such as post owners or site moderators, can reject these suggested edits by rollbacks due to unsatisfactory, low-quality edits or violating edit guidelines. Unfortunately, subjectivity bias in determining whether an edit is satisfactory or unsatisfactory can lead to inconsistencies in the rollback decisions. For example, one user might accept the formatting of a method name (e.g., getActivity()) as a code term, while another might reject it. Such inconsistencies can demotivate and frustrate users whose edits are rejected. Furthermore, several post owners prefer to keep their content unchanged and even resist necessary edits. As a result, they sometimes roll back necessary edits and revert posts to a flawed version, which violates editing guidelines. The problems mentioned above are further compounded by the lack of specific guidelines and tools to assist users in ensuring consistency in user rollback actions. In this study, we investigate the types, prevalence, and impact of rollback edit inconsistencies and propose a solution to address them. The outcomes of this research are fivefold. First, we manually investigated 764 rollback edits (382 questions + 382 answers) and identified eight types of inconsistent rollback. Second, we surveyed 44 practitioners to assess the impact of rollback inconsistencies. More than 80% of the participants found our identified inconsistency types detrimental to post quality. Third, we developed rule-based algorithms and Machine Learning (ML) models to detect the eight types of rollback inconsistencies. Both approaches achieve over 90% accuracy. Fourth, we introduced a tool, iEdit, which integrates these algorithms into a browser extension and assists Stack Overflow users during their edits. Fifth, we surveyed 16 Stack Overflow users to evaluate the effectiveness of iEdit. The participants found the tool’s suggestions helpful in avoiding inconsistent rollback edits.
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Management Prediction Through Machine Learning Models: An Ensemble Tree Regressor Analysis
Authors: Garg Kartik , Mittal Harshit , Yadav Vivek , Sehrawat Anirudh , Shah Vinay , Kushwaha Omkar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

MSW management is one of the critical global challenges, especially in the context of rapid urbanization and economic development. This study examines the factors that influence MSW generation and the potential of machine learning techniques to predict future trends. Using a dataset covering 196 countries and 13 regions, we analyze key variables such as population, GDP per capita, urbanization rate, and Human Development Index (HDI). In preprocessing, missing values were managed and new features like MSW and population growth rates, waste intensity, and HDI-adjusted waste were engineered to capture the complex relationships influencing MSW generation. An Extra Trees Regressor model was used for future prediction, achieving an R² value of 0.89, thereby proving its excellent performance in predictive results. Our results demonstrate how economic development and urbanization contribute to waste generation trends, with the AI models further providing insightful implications of such changes. The need for data-informed approaches for designing sustainable systems of waste management is underscored by this study, highlighting that socio-economic drivers and technological leaps must be used in concert with each other in order to adequately address the challenges of increasing wastes. The findings offer a basis for future policies and actions that would aim at managing waste effectively in an increasingly urbanized world.
Quantitative assessment of urban rain island effect and driving factors in Zhengzhou city
Authors: Jiang Yunqiu , Hu Caihong , Liu Chengshuai , Li Wenzhong , Xie Tianning , Li Runxi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

In this article, a new method framework called Pettitt mutation test-Wavelet analysis-Gray relational analysis (PWG) is proposed to systematically quantify the trend, periodicity, and driving factors of the urban rain island effect (URI) in Zhengzhou city. The results show that the URI has been significantly enhanced in the study area since 2001, with the growth rates of the annual rainfall enhancement coefficient (θyear) series and the flood season rainfall enhancement coefficient (θflood) series during the development period being 0.0059 and 0.0083 respectively, and the URI is more pronounced during the flood season. Meanwhile, the main periods of the annual and flood season of the URI are 10a and 16a respectively, while presenting 17a and 4a of minor periods. Lastly, urbanization rate, temperature, wind speed, relative humidity, and sunshine duration are the main driving factors leading to the enhancement of the URI, among which urbanization rate contributes the most, with a correlation degree of 0.921. This study clarifies the trend in the time dimension and internal formation mechanism of the URI, provides guidance for flood control safety of Zhengzhou, and has important practical value.
Influencing biogas synthesis rate of laundry wastewater by hydrodynamic cavitation
Authors: Schmid Andreas , Simek Oldrich , Acosta-Carrascal Paola , Wolfram Axel 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

The laundry industry has substantial water consumption. The resulting generation of large volumes of wastewater poses environmental challenges due to the presence of contaminants and chemicals. This study focuses on the integration of hydrodynamic cavitation with anaerobic digestion to improve laundry wastewater treatment. Pretreatment with hydrodynamic cavitation improves biogas production for process wastewater to wash mats, showing a 13% increase after 1 h and a 69% increase after 2 h of cavitation exposure time at a digestion time of 10 days. This indicates improved anaerobic biodegradability and resource recovery through biogas formation. However, the cavitation treatment had a detrimental effect on the towel process wastewater due to the high content of unknown inhibiting constituents which hindered biogas production. This study highlights the importance of innovative approaches to environmentally friendly technologies in the laundry industry. By optimizing the combination, an efficient and sustainable solution can be found for laundry wastewater management while improving resource recovery through biogas production.
Anthraquinone-2-sulfonate immobilized on granular activated carbon inhibits methane production during the anaerobic digestion of swine wastewater
Authors: Cobos Irina , Orrantia Miriam , Serrano-Palacios Denisse , Meza Edna R. , Armenta Miguel A. , Burboa Vianey A. , Alvarez Luis H. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Granular activated carbon (GAC) and GAC modified with anthraquinone-2-sulfonate (AQS) were used as conductive materials during the anaerobic digestion of swine wastewater (SW). The electron transfer capacity (ETC) in the GAC-AQS was 2.1-fold higher than the unmodified GAC. Despite the improvement in the ETC, the GAC-AQS cultures showed an inhibitory effect, evidenced by the lowest methane productivity. Indeed, the cultures with unmodified GAC achieved 236 mL CH4/g CODi (chemical oxygen demand, initial), representing an increment of 1.14- and 2.05-fold compared with the control (without conductive materials) and GAC-AQS, respectively. In addition, the methane production rate (Rmax) and yield were also improved with unmodified GAC, but they decreased with GAC-AQS. The role of solid-phase AQS (GAC-AQS) as a terminal electron acceptor during microbial respiration competes with methanogenesis for the electrons instead of serving as an electron conduit.
Estratégias de Trabalhadores à Segurança do Usuário na Atenção Primária
Authors: Barreto Rejane Santos , Servo Maria Lúcia Silva , Souza Simone Santos , Fonseca Eliana Rosa da 
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: Mapear as estratégias de trabalhadores da saúde para Segurança do Usuário na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Métodos: Protocolo de revisão do escopo segundo método do Instituto Joanna Briggs. Os critérios de inclusão serão estudos com trabalhadores da saúde, publicados a partir do ano 2000, sem restrição de idiomas, que abordam a temática. Para identificação de palavras chave, termos índices e construção da estratégia de pesquisa, foi utilizado as bases de dados: MEDLINE (PubMed), SCOPUS e (Elsevier), EMBASE (Elsevier), LILACS, BDENF (BVS), Core Collection (Clarivate Analytics), CINAHL, Academic Search Premier e Fonte Acadêmica (EBSCO) Cochrane Library, Epistemonikos, Google Acadêmico e Science.gov. As publicações serão selecionadas por dois revisores independentes, e as discordâncias serão analisadas por um terceiro revisor. Para retirar duplicidades será utilizado o EndNote Web 20 (Clarivate Analytics, PA, EUA) e para análise das referências o Rayyan. Resultados: serão apresentados por meio de quadros, fluxogramas, tabelas, gráficos, figuras e por síntese narrativa. Quando encontradas, serão apontadas lacunas de pesquisa e possíveis limitações da revisão. Considerações Finais: as estratégias identificadas serão catalogadas e divulgadas à comunidade científica, aos serviços e gestores da atenção primária, aos formuladores de políticas públicas para o desenvolvimento de diretrizes voltadas à segurança do usuário.
Palavras-Chave: Segurança do Paciente; Trabalhadores da Saúde; Profissionais da Saúde; Atenção Primária à Saúde; Cuidados Primários.
Preliminary Effectiveness of a Telehealth-Delivered Exercise Program in Older Adults Living With and Beyond Cancer: Retrospective Study
Authors: Dunston Emily R , Oza Sonal , Bai Yang , Newton Maria , Podlog Leslie , Larson Kish , Walker Darren , Zingg Rebecca W , Hansen Pamela A , Coletta Adriana M 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Exercise can attenuate the deleterious combined effects of cancer treatment and aging among older adults with cancer, yet exercise participation is low. Telehealth exercise may improve exercise engagement by decreasing time and transportation barriers; however, the utility of telehealth exercise among older adults with cancer is not well established.

Objective
We aimed to evaluate the preliminary effectiveness of a one-on-one, supervised telehealth exercise program on physical function, muscular endurance, balance, and flexibility among older adults with cancer.

Methods
In this retrospective study, we analyzed electronic health record data collected from the Personal Optimism With Exercise Recovery clinical exercise program delivered via telehealth among older adults with cancer (≥65 y) who completed a virtual initial program telehealth assessment between March 2020 and December 2021. The virtual initial assessment included the following measures: 30-second chair stand test, 30-second maximum push-up test, 2-minute standing march, single leg stance, plank, chair sit and reach, shoulder range of motion, and the clock test. All baseline measures were repeated after 12-weeks of telehealth exercise. Change scores were calculated for all assessments and compared to minimal clinically important difference (MCID) values for assessments with published MCIDs. Paired samples t tests (2-tailed) were conducted to determine change in assessment outcomes.

Results
Older adults with cancer who chose to participate in the telehealth exercise program (N=68) were 71.8 (SD 5.3) years of age on average (range 65‐92 y). The 3 most common cancer types in this sample were breast (n=13), prostate (n=13), and multiple myeloma (n=8). All cancer stages were represented in this sample with stage II (n=16, 23.5%) and III (n=18, 26.5%) being the most common. A follow-up telehealth assessment was completed by 29.4% (n=20) of older adults with cancer. Among those who completed a follow-up telehealth assessment, there were significant increases in the 30-second chair stand (n=19; mean change +2.00 repetitions, 95% CI 0.12 to 3.88) and 30-second maximum push-up scores (n=20; mean change +2.85 repetitions, 95% CI 1.60 to 4.11). There were no significant differences for the 2-minute standing march, plank, single leg stance, sit and reach, shoulder mobility, or clock test (P>.05). Nine (47.3%) older adults with cancer had a change in 30-second chair stand scores greater than the MCID of 2 repetitions.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest a one-on-one, supervised telehealth exercise program may positively influence measures of physical function, muscular endurance, balance, and flexibility among older adults with cancer, but more adequately powered trials are needed to confirm these findings.
The Association Between Posting WeChat Moments and the Risk of Depressive Symptoms Among Middle-Aged and Older Chinese Adults: Prospective National Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Wei , Wang Hui , Hu Xinru , Yu Qian , Chen Fangyi , Qiu Xirui , Wang Xiaoxiao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The association between social media usage and the risk of depressive symptoms has attracted increasing attention. WeChat is a popular social media software in China. The impact of using WeChat and posting WeChat moments on the risk of developing depressive symptoms among community-based middle-aged and older adults in China is unknown.

Objective
The objective was to assess the association between using WeChat and posting WeChat moments and the risk of depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults in China.

Methods
A prospective national cohort study was designed based on the data obtained from the fourth and fifth waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). The strength of association between using WeChat and posting WeChat moments and the risk of depressive symptoms was estimated by modified Poisson regressions. Depressive symptoms were determined using the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Meanwhile, the heterogeneity of the associations was explored through multiple subgroup analyses. Moreover, multiple sensitivity analyses were performed to verify the robustness of the associations between the exposures and depressive symptoms.

Results
A total of 9670 eligible participants were included in the cohort study, and the incidence rate of depressive symptoms was 19.08% (1845/9670, 95% CI 19.07%‐19.09%) from the fourth to fifth waves of the CHARLS. Using WeChat (adjusted relative risk [aRR] 0.691, 95% CI 0.582‐0.520) and posting WeChat moments (aRR 0.673, 95% CI 0.552‐0.821) reduced the risk of depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older Chinese adults. The association between the exposures and depressive symptoms was robust, proved through multiple sensitivity analyses (all P<.05). However, the associations were heterogeneous in certain subgroup catagories, such as solitude, duration of sleep at night, nap after lunch, physical activity, and having multiple chronic conditions.

Conclusions
Using WeChat and especially posting WeChat moments can mitigate the risk of depressive symptoms among community-based middle-aged and older Chinese adults. However, there is likely a need for a longer follow-up period to explore the impact of the exposures on the risk of long-term depressive outcomes.