bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preliminary results on the applicability of neutron activation analysis (NAA) to identify cherts from the Munsungun Lake Formation, Maine, USA
Authors: Kitchel Nathaniel R. , MacDonald Brandi L. , Boulanger Matthew T. , Rockwell Heather M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRed chert attributed to the Munsungun Lake Formation, Maine, USA is common in late Pleistocene fluted‐point‐period archaeological sites located throughout the New England states and Quebec, appearing more frequently than any other material type in the region. Despite the assumed association between red Munsungun chert and fluted‐point‐period sites, until recently, it was not possible to link red chert artifacts from these sites to a specific source area within the Munsungun Lake Formation because outcrops of this material associated with direct evidence of past use were not documented. Here, we report the first results of a neutron activation analysis (NAA) study of red Munsungun chert from two quarry areas within the Munsungun Lake Formation. These results suggest that NAA can distinguish between chert source areas within the Munsungun Lake Formation and lookalike materials from the wider region. Additional analyses are required to include more comparative samples and evaluate the efficacy of less destructive geochemical techniques in characterizing cherts from the region. Despite the need for additional research, these results suggest that NAA will be useful for re‐evaluating past identifications of chert from the Munsungun Lake Formation, providing an important foundation for additional geochemical research in the region.
Real time lattice correlation functions from differential equations
Authors: Gasparotto Federico , Weinzierl Stefan , Xu Xiaofeng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We report on an exact calculation of lattice correlation functions on a finite four-dimensional lattice with either Euclidean or Minkowskian signature. The lattice correlation functions are calculated by the method of differential equations. This method can be used for Euclidean and Minkowskian signature alike. The lattice correlation functions have a power series expansion in 1/$$ \sqrt{\lambda } $$

λ

, where λ is the coupling. We show that this series is convergent for all non-zero values of λ. At small coupling we quantify the accuracy of perturbative approximations. At the technical level we systematically investigate the interplay between twisted cohomology and the symmetries of the twist function.
Lagging behind: the hysteresis of austerity
Authors: Tafuro Andrea 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the role of hysteresis in the long-term transmission of consolidations in a panel of 17 OECD countries. The evidence supports that the hysteresis of the labour market is the main driver of consolidations’ long-term effects: an increase in the rigidity of the labour market exacerbates and prolongs the contraction following tax-based consolidations, while it mutes the expansion following expenditure-based consolidations. In contrast, the response of productivity is irrelevant to the presence of the long-term scars.
On the iterative regularization of non-linear illposed problems in $$L^{\infty }$$
Authors: Pieronek Lukas , Rieder Andreas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractParameter identification tasks for partial differential equations are non-linear illposed problems where the parameters are typically assumed to be in $$L^\infty $$

L
∞

. This Banach space is non-smooth, non-reflexive and non-separable and requires therefore a more sophisticated regularization treatment than the more regular $$L^p$$

L
p

-spaces with $$1<p<\infty $$

1
<
p
<
∞

. We propose a novel inexact Newton-like iterative solver where the Newton update is an approximate minimizer of a smoothed Tikhonov functional over a finite-dimensional space whose dimension increases as the iteration progresses. In this way, all iterates stay bounded in $$L^\infty $$

L
∞

and the regularizer, delivered by a discrepancy principle, converges weakly-$$\star $$
⋆
to a solution when the noise level decreases to zero. Our theoretical results are demonstrated by numerical experiments based on the acoustic wave equation in one spatial dimension. This model problem satisfies all assumptions from our theoretical analysis.
Tailored extraction and ion mobility-mass spectrometry enables isotopologue analysis of tetrahydrofolate vitamers
Authors: Mitic Bernd M. , Mattanovich Diethard , Hann Stephan , Causon Tim 
Published: June 2023

AbstractClimate change directs the focus in biotechnology increasingly on one-carbon metabolism for fixation of CO2 and CO2-derived chemicals (e.g. methanol, formate) to reduce our reliance on both fossil and food-competing carbon sources. The tetrahydrofolate pathway is involved in several one-carbon fixation pathways. To study such pathways, stable isotope-labelled tracer analysis performed with mass spectrometry is state of the art. However, no such method is currently available for tetrahydrofolate vitamers. In the present work, we established a fit-for-purpose extraction method for the methylotrophic yeast Komagataella phaffii that allows access to intracellular methyl- and methenyl-tetrahydrofolate (THF) with demonstrated stability over several hours. To determine isotopologue distributions of methyl-THF, LC-QTOFMS provides a selective fragment ion with suitable intensity of at least two isotopologues in all samples, but not for methenyl-THF. However, the addition of ion mobility separation provided a critical selectivity improvement allowing accurate isotopologue distribution analysis of methenyl-THF with LC-IM-TOFMS. Application of these new methods for 13C-tracer experiments revealed a decrease from 83 ± 4 to 64 ± 5% in the M + 0 carbon isotopologue fraction in methyl-THF after 1 h of labelling with formate, and to 54 ± 5% with methanol. The M + 0 carbon isotopologue fraction of methenyl-THF was reduced from 83 ± 2 to 78 ± 1% over the same time when using 13C-methanol labelling. The labelling results of multiple strains evidenced the involvement of the THF pathway in the oxygen-tolerant reductive glycine pathway, the presence of the in vivo reduction of formate to formaldehyde, and the activity of the spontaneous condensation reaction of formaldehyde with THF in K. phaffii.
Association Between Hip Bone Mineral Density and Mortality Risk After Hip Fracture: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Ge Yufeng , Chen Yimin , Liu Gang , Zhu Shiwen , Li Bo , Tian Maoyi , Zhang Jing , Wu Xinbao , Yang Minghui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFactors related to mortality after osteoporotic hip fracture (HF) have been investigated intensively, except for proximal femoral bone mineral density (BMD), which is also the primary cause of osteoporosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association of hip BMD with mortality risk after HF. Four hundred and eleven elderly patients with HF in Beijing, China, were included and prospectively followed up with a median time of 3 years. At baseline, quantitative CT technique (QCT) was used to measure areal BMD (aBMD) of the unaffected hip. Areal BMDs of the total hip (TH), femoral neck (FN), trochanter (TR), and intertrochanter were analyzed with postoperative mortality as the primary outcome. A total of 394 patients (78.59 ± 7.59 years, 75.4% female) were included in our final analysis, with 86 (82.23 ± 7.00 years, 81.4% female) dead. All hip bone densities demonstrated a significant association with mortality risks in the unadjusted model, but only TR aBMD remained significantly correlated after adjusting for all covariates. Compared to the lower TR aBMD group, the higher TR aBMD group yielded significantly lower death risks (HR 0.21 95% CI 0.05–0.9,P = 0.036). Higher survival probabilities were observed for higher TH and TR aBMD in survival analysis (P < 0.001). Hip BMD, especially TR BMD assessed by QCT, is an independent risk factor for postoperative mortality following HF. QCT may present a promising avenue for opportunistic analysis in immobilized patients, providing valuable information for early detection and personalized interventions to enhance patient outcomes.
Analysis of long-term mortality after total body irradiation-based and melphalan-based chemotherapy conditioning for acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Gruber Isabella , Koelbl Oliver , Treutwein Marius , Zeman Florian , Herr Wolfgang , Holler Ernst , Edinger Matthias , Wolff Daniel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a curative treatment option for selected patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Yet, the influence of total body irradiation (TBI)-based conditioning as compared to non-TBI-based conditioning on long-term mortality is unclear. We retrospectively evaluated outcomes after TBI-based (n = 91) and non-TBI-based conditioning (melphalan-based, n = 248) for 1st allo-HSCT patients transplanted at the University Hospital Regensburg between 1999 and 2020. TBI was performed with an average dose rate of 4 cGy/min. Median follow-up was 8.3 years (interquartile range, 4.8–12.9 years). Cumulative incidence rates of 5-year non-relapse mortality (NRM) were 17% (95% confidence interval, CI, 10–25) and 33% (95% CI, 27–40) after TBI- and non-TBI-based conditioning (P < 0.001). Five-year cumulative incidences of relapse (CIR) were 42% (95% CI, 32–52) and 29% (95% CI, 23–35) after TBI- and non-TBI-based conditioning (P = 0.030). The 5-year OS was 54% (95% CI, 43–64) and 55% (95% CI, 48–62) after TBI- and non-TBI-based conditioning. Both groups had similar 100-day acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD, 43% vs. 40%) and 5-year chronic GVHD (34% vs. 36%). The multivariable regression models found no associations of TBI with the outcomes NRM, CIR, PFS, OS, aGVHD, and cGVHD. TBI was no risk factor for NRM, even including mortality caused by secondary malignancies. NRM was influenced by patient age, advanced disease status, and the use of female donors for male recipients. TBI- and non-TBI-based conditioning appear to be equally effective and tolerable for AML patients eligible for 1st allo-HSCT.
Apparent diffusion coefficient correlates with different histopathological features in several intrahepatic tumors
Authors: Surov Alexey , Eger Kai Ina , Potratz Johann , Gottschling Sebastian , Wienke Andreas , Jechorek Dörthe 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To investigate associations between apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and cell count, Ki 67, tumor-stroma ratio (TSR), and tumoral lymphocytes in different hepatic malignancies.

Methods
We identified 149 cases with performed liver biopsies: hepatocellular cancer (HCC, n = 53), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCC, n = 29), metastases of colorectal cancer (CRC, n = 24), metastases of breast cancer (BC, n = 28), and metastases of pancreatic cancer (PC, n = 15). MRI was performed on a 1.5-T scanner with an axial echo-planar sequence. MRI was done before biopsy. Biopsy images of target lesions were selected. The cylindrical region of interest was placed on the ADC map of target lesions in accordance with the needle position on the biopsy images. Mean ADC values were estimated. TSR, cell counts, proliferation index Ki 67, and number of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were estimated. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients and intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated.

Results
Inter-reader agreement was excellent regarding the ADC measurements. In HCC, ADC correlated with cell count (r =  − 0.68, p < 0.001) and with TSR (r = 0.31, p = 0.024). In iCC, ADC correlated with TSR (r = 0.60, p < 0.001) and with cell count (r =  − 0.54, p = 0.002). In CRC metastases, ADC correlated with cell count (r =  − 0.54 p = 0.006) and with Ki 67 (r =  − 0.46, p = 0.024). In BC liver metastases, ADC correlated with TSR (r = 0.55, p < 0.002) and with Ki 67 (r =  − 0.51, p = 0.006). In PC metastases, no significant correlations were found.

Conclusions
ADC correlated with tumor cellularity in HCC, iCC, and CRC liver metastases. ADC reflects TSR in BC liver metastases, HCC, and iCC. ADC cannot reflect intratumoral lymphocytes.

Clinical relevance statement
The present study shows that the apparent diffusion coefficient can be used as a surrogate imaging marker for different histopathological features in several malignant hepatic lesions.

Key Points
• ADC reflects different histopathological features in several hepatic tumors.
• ADC correlates with tumor cellularity in HCC, iCC, and CRC metastases.
• ADC strongly correlates with tumor-stroma ratio in BC metastases and iCC.
Transcriptomic profiling of Parkinson's disease brains reveals disease stage specific gene expression changes
Authors: Cappelletti Chiara , Henriksen Sandra Pilar , Geut Hanneke , Rozemuller Annemieke J. M. , van de Berg Wilma D. J. , Pihlstrøm Lasse , Toft Mathias 
Published: June 2023

AbstractParkinson´s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by both motor and non-motor symptoms. Aggravation of symptoms is mirrored by accumulation of protein aggregates mainly composed by alpha-synuclein in different brain regions, called Lewy bodies (LB). Previous studies have identified several molecular mechanisms as autophagy and inflammation playing a role in PD pathogenesis. Increased insights into mechanisms involved in early disease stages and driving the progression of the LB pathology are required for the development of disease-modifying strategies. Here, we aimed to elucidate disease stage-specific transcriptomic changes in brain tissue of well-characterized PD and control donors. We collected frontal cortex samples from 84 donors and sequenced both the coding and non-coding RNAs. We categorized our samples into groups based on their degree of LB pathology aiming to recapitulate a central aspect of disease progression. Using an analytical pipeline that corrected for sex, age at death, RNA quality, cell composition and unknown sources of variation, we found major disease stage-specific transcriptomic changes. Gene expression changes were most pronounced in donors at the disease stage when microscopic LB changes first occur in the sampled brain region. Additionally, we identified disease stage-specific enrichment of brain specific pathways and immune mechanisms. On the contrary, we showed that mitochondrial mechanisms are enriched throughout the disease course. Our data-driven approach also suggests a role for several poorly characterized lncRNAs in disease development and progression of PD. Finally, by combining genetic and epigenetic information, we highlighted two genes (MAP4K4 and PHYHIP) as candidate genes for future functional studies. Together our results indicate that transcriptomic dysregulation and associated functional changes are highly disease stage-specific, which has major implications for the study of neurodegenerative disorders.
Casting histone variants during mammalian reproduction
Authors: Karam Germaine , Molaro Antoine 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDuring mammalian reproduction, germ cell chromatin packaging is key to prepare parental genomes for fertilization and to initiate embryonic development. While chromatin modifications such as DNA methylation and histone post-translational modifications are well known to carry regulatory information, histone variants have received less attention in this context. Histone variants alter the stability, structure and function of nucleosomes and, as such, contribute to chromatin organization in germ cells. Here, we review histone variants expression dynamics during the production of male and female germ cells, and what is currently known about their parent-of-origin effects during reproduction. Finally, we discuss the apparent conundrum behind these important functions and their recent evolutionary diversification.
All that glitters is not gold: X-ray fluorescence analysis of a fixed dental prosthesis from Colecção de Esqueletos Identificados Século XXI, Portugal (CEI/XXI)
Authors: Oliveira-Santos Inês , Gomes Ricardo A.M.P. , Coelho Catarina , Gil Francisco , Cunha Eugénia , Baptista Isabel Poiares , Ferreira Maria Teresa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAccess to better health care anticipates that more medical devices can be found alongside skeletal remains. Those employed in oral rehabilitation, with available brands or batch/series, can prove useful in the identification process. A previous study in the Colecção de Esqueletos Identificados Século XXI described macroscopically the dental prostheses. An unusual case of a dental device with chromatic alterations demonstrated to require a more detailed analysis. The individual, a 53-year-old male, exhibited, at both arches, a fixed tooth-supported rehabilitation, with gold colouring classified initially as a gold-palladium alloy. Simultaneously, a green pigmentation deposit was observable in bone and prosthesis. This investigation aimed to verify the elemental composition of the dental prosthesis alloy. Elemental analysis was performed by X-ray fluorescence in two regions (labial surface of the prosthetic crown and the root surface of the lower right lateral incisor). Both the spectra and the qualitative results found higher levels of copper and aluminium, followed by nickel, iron, zinc, and manganese. No gold or palladium was detected. The most probable assumption is that a copper-aluminium alloy was used, as its elemental concentration corresponds to those measured in similar devices. Dental prostheses of copper-aluminium alloys have been made popular since the 1980s, particularly in the USA, Japan, and Eastern Europe. Apart from the biographical information, it was also known that the individual’s place of birth was an Eastern European country, which highlighted the usefulness of this type of information when dealing with missing people cases.
Optical coherence tomography angiography–guided vs indocyanine green angiography–guided half-dose photodynamic therapy for acute central serous chorioretinopathy: 6-month randomized trial results
Authors: Li Siying , Zhang Linqi , Tang Jiyang , Wang Zongyi , Qu Jinfeng , Zhao Mingwei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to compare the anatomic and functional results of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA)-guided half-dose photodynamic therapy (PDT) versus indocyanine green angiography (ICGA)-guided PDT in eyes with acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

Methods
One hundred and thirty-one eyes of 131 patients with acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) were recruited, and randomly assigned to the OCTA-guided group and ICGA-guided group. The primary outcome measures were the rates of complete subretinal fluid (SRF) resolution at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months. The secondary outcomes included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT), choroidal capillary flow deficit density at each scheduled visit, and recurrence rate of SRF at 3 months and 6 months.

Results
There were 110 eyes that finished the follow-up, with 56 eyes in the OCTA-guided group and 54 eyes in the ICGA guided group. OCTA-guided PDT was demonstrated to be noninferior to ICGA-guided PDT for SRF resolution rate at 1 months and 6 months (P = 0.021 and P = 0.037), but not at 3 months for acute CSC (P = 0.247). The average CRT of the ICGA-guided group was significantly lower than that of the OCTA-guided group at 3-month visit (P = 0.046), but no significant difference was found between them at the 1-month and 6-month visits (P = 0.891 and 0.527). There was no significant difference between the two groups for BCVA (P = 0.359, 0.700, and 0.143, respectively) and the deficit area on CC (P = 0.537, 0.744,and 0.604, respectively) at 1, 3, and 6 months.

Conclusion
OCTA may replace ICGA to guide PDT for the treatment of acute CSC and their follow-up.
A comprehensive study on surveillance outcomes of a male population followed at a hereditary breast cancer high-risk consultation at a Portuguese tertiary hospital
Authors: Oliveira Maria João , Costa Susy , Magalhães André , Garrido Luzia , Peleteiro Bárbara , Fougo José Luís , Castedo Sérgio 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Men born with pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in genes associated with the Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome have a higher risk to develop breast cancer and other cancers (such as prostate cancer) and should undergo adequate surveillance protocols in highly specialized Centers.

Methods
A retrospective study was conducted to assess these genetic variants’ epidemiological and phenotypical manifestations in male carriers, as well as the efficacy of the surveillance protocol and compliance toward it through a survey. During follow-up, a genetic panel for testing was implemented, the starting age for surveillance was delayed, and the six-month screening interval was extended to annual.

Results
A total of 104 men from a tertiary hospital’s High-Risk Consultation were included, 102 with positive genetic testing for BRCA1 (n = 31), BRCA2 (n = 55), both BRCA2 and another gene (n = 5), CDH1 (n = 2), CHEK2 (n = 4), NF1 (n = 1), RAD51C (n = 4), and an additional two men with no actionable genetic variant identified. The follow-up period ranged from 1 to 13 years, and only one man developed cancer. Survey responses from 48 men in active surveillance showed that more than half recognizes their carrier status and consequent surveillance impact on their life, including the risk of transmission to offspring, fear of future cancer, meaningful distress, and feeling of injustice. Biannual surveillance was not actively detecting more cancer disease cases, confirming the adequacy of the currently implemented protocol

Conclusion
With support of Genetics to fulfill the current gaps in high-risk management, the proposed redefinition of surveillance protocol would adapt it to the population needs and concerns.
Drops in needle production are early-warning signals of drought-triggered dieback in Scots pine
Authors: Sangüesa-Barreda Gabriel , Gazol Antonio , Camarero J. Julio 
Published: June 2023

AbstractKey messageReconstruction of needle dynamics reveals prolonged drought legacy effects on crown condition that represent early warnings of drought-induced dieback in Scots pine.AbstractUnderstanding the mechanisms of drought-induced forest dieback and tree mortality is a priority for predicting forest responses to climate change. However, long-term information on drought impacts on crown dynamics and how it relates to tree water and carbon economy is still lacking. Comparing declining and non-declining Scots pines at the same site, we quantified primary and secondary growth and intrinsic water-use efficiency (WUEi). Further, we reconstructed the needle production and the annual total number of needles using the Needle Trace Method. Here, we reconstructed the apical needles through the assessment of 2460 longitudinal sections. We fitted partial least squares regression models to assess climate influence on primary and secondary growth and needle dynamics, and then linear mixed models using climate covariates and discerning between health status in the 1975–2016 period. Finally, we analyzed drought legacy effects applying a Bayesian hierarchical framework. We detected the highest differences between health tree classes in the annual total number of needles during the warm-dry 1980s. Declining trees responded more negatively to climate than non-declining conspecifics and showed a higher variability of drought legacy effects. We found significant drought legacy effects in the annual total number of needles up to 3 years after a drought. The warm, dry 1980s, that preceded the dieback, showed the highest δ13C values since the 1970s. Declining trees showed higher WUEithan non-declining trees from the 2000s onwards. Our study sheds light on the major role of needle dynamics in dieback episodes and illustrates how past drops in needle production may be interpreted as early warnings of drought-induced dieback in Scots pine.