bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Whole-genome sequencing of African swine fever virus from wild boars in the Kaliningrad region reveals unique and distinguishing genomic mutations
Authors: Mazloum Ali , van Schalkwyk Antoinette , Shotin Andrey , Zinyakov Nikolay , Igolkin Alexey , Chernishev Roman , Debeljak Zoran , Korennoy Fedor , Sprygin Alexander V. 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionSince the first report of outbreaks of African swine fever (ASF) in Georgia in 2007, the disease has expanded into Europe, Russia, and Asia, spreading rapidly via contact with infected animals including domestic pigs and wild boars. The vast expansion of this Genotype II African swine fever virus (ASFV) across wide-ranging territories and hosts inevitably led to the acquisition of novel mutations. These mutations could be used to track the molecular epidemiology of ASFV, provided that they are unique to strains restricted within a certain area. Whilst whole-genome sequencing remains the gold standard for examining evolutionary changes, sequencing of a single locus with significant variation and resolution power could be used as a rapid and cost-effective alternative to characterize multiple isolates from a single or related outbreak.Material and methodsASFVs obtained during active ASF outbreaks in the Russian region of Kaliningrad between 2017 and 2019 were examined. Since all of the viruses belonged to Genotype II and no clear differentiation based on central variable region (CVR) sequencing was observed, the whole-genome sequences of nine ASFV isolates from this region were determined. To obtain insights into the molecular evolution of these isolates, their sequences were compared to isolates from Europe, Asia, and Africa.ResultsPhylogenetic analysis based on the whole-genome sequences clustered the new isolates as a sister lineage to isolates from Poland and Germany. This suggests a possible shared origin followed by the addition of novel mutations restricted to isolates from this region. This status as a sister lineage was mirrored when analyzing polymorphisms in MGF-505-5R and MGF-110-7L, whilst a polymorphism unique to sequences from Kaliningrad was identified at locus K145R. This newly identified mutation was able to distinguish the isolates obtained from Kaliningrad with sequences of Genotype II ASFVs available on GenBank.DiscussionThe findings of this study suggest that ASFVs circulating in Kaliningrad have recently obtained this mutation providing an additional marker to the mutations previously described.
Evaluation of fecal sampling time points to estimate apparent nutrient digestibility in lactating Holstein dairy cows
Authors: Cavallini Damiano , Palmonari Alberto , Mammi Ludovica Maria Eugenia , Ghiaccio Francesca , Canestrari Giorgia , Formigoni Andrea 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionThe aim of this study was the evaluation of nutrient excretion patterns in samples of feces collected every 2 h to define the best sampling protocol for estimation of apparent digestibility.MethodsFour multiparous mid-lactation Holstein cows, housed in a tie stall barn and milked twice a day (0800; 1900 h), were enrolled. Dry total mixed ration (TMR) without silages was fed once (0800 h) per day. Feces were sampled every 2 h for 72 h. Each sample was divided in 3 portions: hourly sample sample (8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 00, 2, 4, 6), 8-h composite sample (00–06, 08–14 and 16–22), and a 24-h composite sample. Complete chemical analyses were performed and total tract nutrient digestibility was calculated using undegraded neutral detergent fiber at 240 h of in vitro fermentation (uNDF240h) as a marker. Feeding and rumination patterns were also recorded during the trial.Results and discussionFor some parameters, excretion was not constant throughout the day: neutral detergent fiber (aNDFom), undegraded neutral detergent fiber at 24 h of in vitro fermentation (uNDF24h), uDNF240h, total tract crude protein digestibility (TTCPD), total tract neutral detergent fiber digestibility (TTaNDFomD), total tract potentially degraded neutral detergent fiber at 240 h of in vitro fermentation digestibility (TTpdNDF240hD) with minimal values after new TMR delivery and maximal values 12 h after feed delivery. Feeding and ruminating behavior seemed to have an important role in the excretion pattern, due to the pushing and evacuating effect they have. Considering our results, two fecal samples at 12 and 24 h after the TMR delivery are suggested. For one daily sample, 12 h post time of most stable and constant rumination 0000–0600 h, which is also 8 h post feed delivery is suggested.
Relationship Between Psychological Distress, Burnout and Work Engagement in Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review
Authors: Adanaqué-Bravo Ingrid , Escobar-Segovia Kenny , Gómez-Salgado Juan , García-Iglesias Juan Jesús , Fagundo-Rivera Javier , Ruiz-Frutos Carlos 
Published: January 2023

Objective: The psychological distress that the COVID-19 pandemic has produced has generated negative effects on workers, and in one way or another this has affected their work engagement within companies. The aim of this research was to assess the relationship between psychological distress, burnout and work engagement in workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: A systematic review was carried out following the PRISMA methodology, taking articles from the Scopus, Pubmed, and Web of Science databases from the beginning of the pandemic until November 2022. The methodological quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools for non-randomised studies.Results: 24 articles were selected. All the articles found an association between psychological distress, burnout or other factors and work engagement.Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on work engagement and a negative relationship with psychological distress and burnout, hence the importance of companies taking measures to minimise levels of psychological distress and burnout.
Antifungal Activity of Mycogenic Silver Nanoparticles on Clinical Yeasts and Phytopathogens
Authors: Ribeiro Luiz Gustavo , Roque Gabriella Sales Calaço , Conrado Rafael , De Souza Ana Olívia 
Published: January 2023

In this study, seven different silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were obtained using the fungi species from the phylum Ascomycota, Aspergillus tubingensis, Aspergillus spp., Cladosporium pini-ponderosae, Fusarium proliferatum, Epicoccum nigrum, Exserohilum rostratum, and Bionectria ochroleuca, isolated from the Brazilian biodiversity, particularly from the mangrove and Caatinga biomes. The nanoparticles were coded as AgNP-AT, AgNP-Asp, AgNP-CPP, AgNP-FP, AgNP-EN, AgNP-ER, and AgNP-BO and characterized using spectrophotometry (UV-Vis), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, transmission electron microcopy (TEM), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. All the AgNPs presented homogeneous size in the range from 43.4 to 120.6 nm (DLS) and from 21.8 to 35.8 nm (TEM), pH from 4.5 to 7.5, negative charge, and presence of protein coating on their surface. The antifungal activity of the AgNPs was evaluated on clinical strains of Candida albicans, and on the non-albicans species, Candida krusei, Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis, and Candida guilliermondii, common in hospital infections, and against the phytopathogens Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium phaseoli, Fusarium sacchari, Fusarium subglutinans, Fusarium verticillioides, and Curvularia lunata, which are species responsible for serious damage to agriculture production. The AgNPs were effective against the yeasts with MICs ranging from 1.25 to 40 µM and on the phytopathogens with MICs from 4 to 250 µM, indicating the promising possibility of application of these AgNPs as antifungal agents. The results indicated that the physicochemical parameters of the AgNPs, including the functional groups present on their surface, interfered with their antifungal activity. Overall, the results indicate that there is no specificity of the AgNPs for the yeasts or for the phytopathogens, which can be an advantage, increasing the possibility of application in different areas.
BREVIPEDICELLUS Positively Regulates Salt-Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Cai Huixian , Xu Yang , Yan Kang , Zhang Shizhong , Yang Guodong , Wu Changai , Zheng Chengchao , Huang Jinguang 
Published: January 2023

Salt stress is one of the major environmental threats to plant growth and development. However, the mechanisms of plants responding to salt stress are not fully understood. Through genetic screening, we identified and characterized a salt-sensitive mutant, ses5 (sensitive to salt 5), in Arabidopsis thaliana. Positional cloning revealed that the decreased salt-tolerance of ses5 was caused by a mutation in the transcription factor BP (BREVIPEDICELLUS). BP regulates various developmental processes in plants. However, the biological function of BP in abiotic stress-signaling and tolerance are still not clear. Compared with wild-type plants, the bp mutant exhibited a much shorter primary-root and lower survival rate under salt treatment, while the BP overexpressors were more tolerant. Further analysis showed that BP could directly bind to the promoter of XTH7 (xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase 7) and activate its expression. Resembling the bp mutant, the disruption of XTH7 gave rise to salt sensitivity. These results uncovered novel roles of BP in positively modulating salt-stress tolerance, and illustrated a putative working mechanism.
Design of a High Performance Fiber-producing Machine
Authors: Fábián Hunor , Gergely Attila 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe aim of this work is to design a high-productivity, continuously operating fiber producing device utilizing the centrifugal force to yield polymeric nanofibers. The requirements for the design were 1) to provide a capillary-to-collector distance of 50–200 mm that could be adjusted automatically, 2) allow the rotational speed of the spinneret to be changed in the range of 0–25000 1/min and have continuous feeding. The equipment will form the basis of several research topics, such as the creation and study of solid dispersions of drugs, the development of pressure sensors, and the creation of porous filter membranes.
Analysis of the Harmful Effects of UV Radiation Generated During Welding
Authors: Schramkó Márton , Kafi Abdallah , Kovács Tünde Anna 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Arc welding produces several harmful health effects on the welder. The authors aimed to determine the intensity of ultraviolet (UV) radiation as a function of distance from the welding. The research focused on the UV radiation generated during the arc welding process as it is a widely used process in industrial practice today. During the experiment, several tests were performed on the gas metal arc welding process (GMAW). This procedure is also used automated in the industry, so research can help to designate a specific safety zone in an industrial area so that there is no need to separate the welder robot with a curtain, but at the same time be able to move around them. Where the production is not fully automated yet, it highlights the problems which cause possible damage to health and helps create safer working conditions.
A dual-mode miniature wireless system for lensless CMOS-based bioimaging devices
Authors: Treepetchkul Thanaree , Siwadamrongpong Ronnakorn , Tan Renzo Roel P. , Takehara Hironari , Haruta Makito , Tashiro Hiroyuki , Sasagawa Kiyotaka , Ohta Jun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a miniature wireless system for use in conjunction with original lensless CMOS-based imaging devices is developed for in vivo imaging experiments. The system mainly comprises an image sensor, a microcontroller, and a Bluetooth Low Energy module for wireless data transmission. In addition to the hardware suitable for studies imposing freely-moving conditions, image sampling and processing features are implemented. Results demonstrate readiness for imaging in vivo, with adequate data transfer speed for a 12 × 12 pixel region of interest with an area of 180 × 180 μm2.
Efficient optimization approach for designing power device structure using machine learning
Authors: Yamano Hayate , Kovacs Alexander , Fischbacher Johann , Danno Katsunori , Umetani Yusuke , Shoji Tetsuya , Schrefl Thomas 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Low power-loss semiconductor devices are necessary to achieve a carbon-neutral society. The optimization of device structures is known as a time-consuming process. In this work, we investigated an optimization approach with the help of machine learning. We applied an active learning scheme to optimize a gallium oxide Schottky barrier diode structure and demonstrated how this approach helps to reduce the number of time-consuming simulations for the optimization process. For the investigated work, the active learning strategy almost reduced the number of simulations by a factor of 2 in contrast to the conventional genetic optimization. In addition, we also demonstrated that machine learning models can be used to estimate the performance variations caused by process variations. This approach can also contribute to reducing the number of simulations and speeding up the structure design process.
Gate-tunable plasticity in artificial synaptic devices based on four-terminal amorphous gallium oxide memristors
Authors: Ikeuchi Taishi , Hayashi Yusuke , Tohei Tetsuya , Sakai Akira 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This paper reports on the demonstration of gate-tunable plasticity in artificial synaptic devices based on four-terminal planar memristors with amorphous gallium oxide as a memristive material. Reproducible resistance switching properties were obtained by applying voltages to the four terminals, indicating two-dimensional modulation of oxygen vacancy distribution. Based on the resistive switching properties, gate-tunable synaptic plasticity was successfully implemented by assigning read/write and gate roles to two pairs of diagonally arranged electrodes. Multilevel modulation of conductance change efficiency was demonstrated, mimicking neural functions of both excitatory principal neurons and inhibitory interneurons required for homeostatic plasticity in biological neural networks.
Stokes linewidth narrowing by stimulated Brillouin scattering in liquid media
Authors: Wang Jianping , Bai Zhenxu , Hun Xuanning , Chen Bin , Cui Can , Qi Yaoyao , Ding Jie , Yan Bingzheng , Wang Yulei , Lu Zhiwei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
As an effective means to obtain a narrow-linewidth laser, stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) has not only the advantages of pulse compression but also controllable Stokes linewidth output. However, most research thus far has been focused on continuous-wave lasers, with little emphasis on short-pulse lasers. This work demonstrates that the Brillouin gain linewidth and pump power density are the primary factors affecting the linewidth of the Stokes pulse. As the pump power density increases, the Stokes linewidth tends to narrow and approaches the pump linewidth. This is the first study to reveal that the pump linewidth is the limiting factor in narrowing the Stokes linewidth. The Stokes linewidths of different liquid media were compared, and it was found that media with a wide Brillouin gain linewidth can be used to obtain lasers with a wider range of linewidths.
Photo degradation of Lanthanum (III) Complex with 1, 2 , 4-Thiadiazole in Dimethyl Sulsoxide ( DMSO ) Solvent
Authors: Amel S. Mahdi  , Bayader F. Abbas  , Mudeer M. Merza  
Published: January 2023

5- Amino -3- [4- O- hydroxypheny Ithiosemi carbazido ] -1,2,4-thiadiazole compound has been prepared by the reaction of ( 3-mercapto -5- ami,2,4- thiadiazole) with ( O-hydroxyphenyl thiosemicarbazide) in mole ratios of (1:1) .The ligand has been characterized and its structure was elucidated depending upon the spectral data of IR and U.V-Vis spectra . Lanthanum complex of the formula [La( C9H10N6S2O)2Cl2]Cl was prepared through the reaction of the prepared ligand with lanthanum chloride in mole ratios (2:1) respectively . The mode of bonding and overall geometry of the complex was determined through physicochemical and spectroscopic methods . The kinetic of the photo-degradation of the prepared complex was investigated and it was the first order and the rate constant (Kd) determined at (25oC ) Further more primary quantum yields (Φ) has been also calculated.
الآخر في غزل الشعر العراقي 447-547هـ
Authors: أ.م.د. زينب فاضل أحمد  , أحمد سعيد محمد  
Published: January 2023

لقد أخذ مفهوم (الآخَر) مدياته من خلال الاتساع بمرور الزمن وتطور المجتمعات والمفاهيم العامة، فهو أعمق من القول: "هذا آخَرُ، وهذه أُخْرَى"([i])، أو "بمعنى غَيْر"([ii])، بل بدأ يأخذ أصناف شتى حتى قيل: إنه "عدة أصناف، منه مَنْ يختلف في الدين، وفي العرق، وفي اللون، وفي المستوى الاجتماعي كالفقير والخادم والجارية وغيرهم"([iii])، في مقاييس مختلفة "داخلية كالنساء بالقياس إلى الرجال، والفقراء بالقياس إلى الأغنياء، أو خارجية بالقياس إلى المجتمع بصورة أعم"([iv])، وما يستدعي الغرابة أن هناك مَنْ كان لا يعد المرأة إنساناً آخر كاملاً، كما في المجتمعات الأوروبية إذ تُحملّها الكنيسة كل مصائب الدنيا وتعنتها بألقاب لاذعة([v])،

([i]) كتاب العين: الخليل بن أحمد الفراهيدي (170ه)، ترتيب وتحقيق: د.عبد الحميد هنداوي، المجلد الأول (أ-خ)، منشورات محمد علي بيضون، دار الكتب العلمية، بيروت_ لبنان، ط1، 2002م-1424هـ، ج1، مادة (أخر): 60.
([ii]) تاج العروس من جواهر القاموس: السيد محمد مرتضى بن محمد الحًسيني الزَّبيدي (1205ه)، اعتنى به ووضع حواشيه: د.عبد المنعم خليل إبراهيم، والأستاذ كريم سيّد محمود، دار الكتب العلمية، بيروت_ لبنان، ط1، 2007م-1428هـ، مج5، ج10، باب الراء _ فصل الهمزة، مادة (أَخر): 18 .
([iii]) حُب الآخر في الشعر الأندلسي والبروفنسي: د.محمد عباسة ، بحث نُشِر في مجلة حوليات التراث، العدد الرابع-2005م، جامعة مستغانم (الجزائر): 6.
([iv]) تمثيلات الآخَر، صورة السود في المتخيّل العربي الوسيط: د.نادر كاظم، المؤسسة العربية للدراسات والنشر، بيروت_ لبنان، توزيع: دار الفارس للنشر والتوزيع، عمّان-الأردن، الطبعة الأولى 2004م: 20.
([v]) ينظر: حُب الآخر في الشعر الأندلسي والبروفنسي: د.محمد عباسة: 6.
التعقيب بالأسماء الحسنى في الفاصلة القرآنية (باب النصرة الإلهية أنموذجاً)
Authors: أ . م . د . صاحب رشيد موسى  
Published: January 2023

يقتصر بحثنا على التعقيب باسمه تعالى النصير ومتعلقاته في القرآن الكريم وهي صورة من صور العِلم بمقصود الله تعالى وإبراز حكمته وتناسق الآيات وقد قيدنا موضوعنا بباب النصرة الإلهية فقط ، وهذا ما أتاح لنا أن نبحث في حقل دلالي مترابط ما أسميناه بباب النصرة، وقد وقفنا عنده على ترابط الأسماء الحسنى في الفاصلة وتعالقها دلالياً مع الآية التي تسبقها، وهذا ما تطلب أن ينقسم البحث على جزأين : تناول الأول منهما إحصاءاً تاماً للأسماء الحسنى المتعلقة باسمه تعالى النصير، ويتناول الثاني دراسة تحليلية لعلاقة الآية بأسماء هذا الباب.
وقد انتهت رحلتنا بنتائج وتوصيات منها أن هذه الدراسة قد أظهرت لنا العديد من مفاتن القرآن الكريم وإعجازه، وقد وجدنا أن باب النصرة الإلهية يقتصر على اسمين مهمين من الأسماء الحسنى أو الصفات الإلهية وهما اسما الولي والنصير، وأن هناك اسماً آخر ولكنه ورد في متن الآيات القرآنية لا في الفاصلة القرآنية وهو الشفيع ، ولذلك استبعدناه من دراستنا، وأن هناك اسمه تعالى أو صفته الواقي وردت مع اسمه تعالى الولي، وقد وردت هذه الأسماء في سبعة وعشرين موضوعاً من القرآن الكريم في فواصل قرآنية.
أشكال العنف وصوره في أدب نوال السعداوي
Authors: أ.د.زينب هادي حسن  , ريهام جلال ستار  
Published: January 2023

تناولت السعداوي (العنف) من جوانبه كلها، ورصدت موضوعاته المهمة والمنتشرة في المجتمع العربي عامة والمجتمع المصري على نحو خاص فسلطت الضوء على الظواهر الاتية : (المرأة والجنس ،المساواة ،وزواج القاصرات ،قضية الشرف،تعدد الزوجات)
شخصية الفلسطيني في السرد العربي
Authors: م. د. رضاب حافظ حميد كايد  
Published: January 2023

يناقش البحث كيفية تناول الرواية العربية للموضوع الفلسطيني حيث جسدت الشخصية الفلسطينية على انها (البذور المثالية) التي يستطيع بيها الفرد ان يرقى الى المستوى النوعي كما يقول هيغل. ففي عملية الارتقاء هذه تعبير عن نزعة الانسان لمواجة المصائر المتعددة التي يعيشها مادياً ويعانيها روحياً وفكريا, اذ يصبح الصراع شرطاً من جملة الشروط التي ترافق عمليه ارتقاء البذور المثالية في الفرد الى المستوى النوعي على ان تجرد كلمه (مثالية) من معانيها الذهنية المرتبطة بلمطلق والنضر اليها على انها تجسيد اجتماعي نسبي متحقق بلواقع لا في العقل الخالص .
من هذا كله يطمح البحث ان يكشف عن الشخصية الفلسطينية من خلال صيرورتها ووجودها وتحققها الاجتماعي ، وانها محصلة توافق افراد وهيئات ومؤسسات من أجل تحقيق أهداف كبرا وتشكيل الدولة على الارض الفلسطينية .
ثمة اسئلة طرحها البحث منها : هل تحقق إرتباط هذه الشخصية الفلسطينية في الواقع بتصاعد الصراع ؟ وهل افصحت الرواية عن ملامح شخصية الفلسطيني في السرد العربي سواء أكانت إيجابية أو سلبية ؟ هل ترجمة الرواية العربية مشاعر وسلوك وهواجس افكار الشخصية ؟ اي هل صورت الروايات قيمة الشخصية الفلسطينية فكريا وفنيا.
كل هذه التساؤلات يسعى بحثنا ان يجيب عنها .
المتشابهات اللفظية دراسة صرفية في القرآن الكريم (الثلث الأول أنموذجاً)
Authors: د. إيثار شوقي سعدون  , أمل كاظم ثجيل  
Published: January 2023

الحمد لله الذي فضلنا بالقرآن على الأمم أجمعين، وأتانا به ما لم يؤتِ أحداً من العالمين، والصلاة والسلام على سيدنا محمد(r)خاتم الأنبياء والمرسلين الذي أرسله بدين الحق ليظهره على الدين كله وكفى بالله شهيداً. أما بعد:
فإن القرآن الكريم جامع علوم العربية والإسلامية هو معينها الثر الذي لا ينضب، وهو الكتاب الذي لا ينقضي عجائبه، ولا تمل قراءته، ما دامت الحياة، وهو خير الكلام وأحسن الحديث وأصدق القول.
أثر الاعجاز العلمي في العبادات (الصيام أنموذجا) دراسة دعوية
Authors: م.م. أروى مؤيد محمود العاني  
Published: January 2023

الحمد لله رب العالمين والصلاة والسلام على خاتم الأنبياء والمرسلين ومن دعا بدعوته وأهتدى بهدية الى يوم الدين نبينا محمد r عليه افضل الصلاة وأتم التسليم.
وبعد :
ان موضوع الأعجاز العلمي يعد من المواضيع العصريه وقد لا يتعمق في دراسته الكثيرون من الباحثين، ولكونه علم واسع له ضوابطه وتفرعاتة، فأردت أن أتناولة ولو بشكل مبسط لكونه من الأساسيات المهمة التي تنور الأنسان بوجود الخالق تبارك وتعالى، أن العلماء الغربيين على الرغم من عدم أعتناقهم للأسلام ألأ أنهم أنبهروا بما في هذا الكون من معجزات فكيف ونحن المسلمون لا نخوض في غمار هذا الأعجاز الألهي .
ANALYSIS OF KNOWLEDGE AND QUALITY OF MEDICAL RECORD SERVICES TO THE LEVEL OF PATIENTS SATISFACTION IN THE PANDEMIC TIME COVID-19 IN THE DISTRICT GENERAL HOSPITAL, KLUNGKUNG
Authors: Romansyah Deva Eddy , Adiningsih Luh Yulia 
Published: January 2023

Pada era globalisasi, pelayanan prima merupakan elemen utama di rumah sakit dan unit kesehatan. Rumah sakit dituntut untuk memberikan pelayanan kesehatan yang memenuhi standar pelayanan yang optimal. Rumah sakit adalah bentuk organisasi pelayanan kesehatan yang bersifat komprehensif, mencakup aspek promotif, preventif, kuratif dan rehabilitatif, Rumah sakit merupakan salah satu pelayanan jasa yang dalam melakukan aktivitasnya, tidak boleh lepas dari perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi. Untuk mengetahui Pengetahuan dan Kualitas Pelayanan Rekam Medis Terhadap Tingkat Kepuasan Pasien Rawat Jalan di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Di RSUD Kabupaten Klungkung. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analitik observasional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, populasi pada penelitian ini adalah 958 responden, teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah Non-Probability Sampling dengan cara accidental sampling. Jumlah sampel yang didapat sesuai dengan perhitungan rumus yaitu 91 sampel, Uji statistic dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji Fisher Exact Test yang sebelumnya dilakukan uji Chi Square test (chi kuadrat) dengan taraf signifikasi (α) yang digunakan 10%, Dimana dapat disimpulkan bahwa bahwa Ho ditolak, artinya ada hubungan pengetahuan dan kualitas pelayanan rekam medis terhadap tingkat kepuasan pasien rawat jalan di masa pandemi Covid-19 di RSUD Kabupaten Klungkung.