bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NDH‐1L with a truncated NdhM subunit is unstable under stress conditions in cyanobacteria
Authors: Che Liping , Guo Yuecheng , Huang Yanjie , Peng Lianwei , Gao Fudan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCyanobacterial NdhM, an oxygenic photosynthesis‐specific NDH‐1 subunit, has been found to be essential for the formation of a large complex of NDH‐1 (NDH‐1L). The cryo‐electron microscopic (cryo‐EM) structure of NdhM from Thermosynechococcus elongatus showed that the N‐terminus of NdhM contains three β‐sheets, while two α‐helixes are present in the middle and C‐terminal part of NdhM. Here, we obtained a mutant of the unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis 6803 expressing a C‐terminal truncated NdhM subunit designated NdhMΔC. Accumulation and activity of NDH‐1 were not affected in NdhMΔC under normal growth conditions. However, the NDH‐1 complex with truncated NdhM is unstable under stress. Immunoblot analyses showed that the assembly process of the cyanobacterial NDH‐1L hydrophilic arm was not affected in the NdhMΔC mutant even under high temperature. Thus, our results indicate that NdhM can bind to the NDH‐1 complex without its C‐terminal α‐helix, but the interaction is weakened. NDH‐1L with truncated NdhM is more prone to dissociation, and this is particularly evident under stress conditions.
The high identity of the Trypanosoma cruziGroup‐I of trans‐sialidases points them as promising vaccine immunogens
Authors: Pacini Maria Florencia , Perdomini Adrián , Bulfoni Balbi Camila , Dinatale Brenda , Herrera Fernando E. , Perez Ana Rosa , Marcipar Iván 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTrans‐sialidase (TS) superfamily of proteins comprises eight subgroups, being the proteins of Group‐I (TS‐GI) promising immunogens in vaccine approaches against Trypanosoma cruzi. Strikingly, TS‐GI antigenic variability among parasite lineages and their influence on vaccine development has not been previously analyzed. Here, a search in GenBank detects 49 TS‐GI indexed sequences, whereas the main infecting human different parasite discrete typing units (DTU) are represented. In silico comparison among these sequences indicate that they share an identity above 92%. Moreover, the antigenic regions (T‐cell and B‐cell epitopes) are conserved in most sequences or present amino acid substitutions that scarcely may alter the antigenicity. Additionally, since the generic term TS is usually used to refer to different immunogens of this broad family, a further in silico analysis of the TS‐GI‐derived fragments tested in preclinical vaccines was done to determine the coverage and identity among them, showing that overall amino acid identity of vaccine immunogens is high, but the segment coverage varies widely. Accordingly, strong H‐2K, H‐2I, and B‐cell epitopes are dissimilarly represented among vaccine TS‐derived fragments depending on the extension of the TG‐GI sequence used. Moreover, bioinformatic analysis detected a set of 150 T‐cell strong epitopes among the DTU‐indexed sequences that strongly bind human HLA‐I supertypes. In all currently reported experimental vaccines based on TS‐GI fragments, mapping these 150 epitopes showed that they are moderately represented. However, despite vaccine epitopes do not present all the substitutions observed in the DTUs, these regions of the proteins are equally recognized by the same HLAs. Interestingly, the predictions regarding global and South American population coverage estimated in these 150 epitopes are similar to the estimations in experimental vaccines when the complete sequence of TS‐GI is used as an antigen. In silico prediction also shows that a number of these MHC‐I restricted T‐cell strong epitopes could be also cross‐recognized by HLA‐I supertypes and H‐2Kb or H‐2Kd backgrounds, indicating that these mice may be used to improve and facilitate the development of new TS‐based vaccines and suggesting an immunogenic and protective potential in humans. Further molecular docking analyses were performed to strengthen these results. Taken together, different strategies that would cover more or eventually fully of these T‐cell and also B‐cell epitopes to reach a high level of coverage are considered.
SARS‐CoV‐2 neutralising antibody therapies: Recent advances and future challenges
Authors: Liu Mingtao , Liang Zhiman , Cheng Zhangkai J. , Liu Li , Liu Qiwen , Mai Yiyin , Chen Huihuang , Lei Baoying , Yu Shangwei , Chen Huihui , Zheng Peiyan , Sun Baoqing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic represents an unparalleled global public health crisis. Despite concerted research endeavours, the repertoire of effective treatment options remains limited. However, neutralising‐antibody‐based therapies hold promise across an array of practices, encompassing the prophylaxis and management of acute infectious diseases. Presently, numerous investigations into COVID‐19‐neutralising antibodies are underway around the world, with some studies reaching clinical application stages. The advent of COVID‐19‐neutralising antibodies signifies the dawn of an innovative and promising strategy for treatment against SARS‐CoV‐2 variants. Comprehensively, our objective is to amalgamate contemporary understanding concerning antibodies targeting various regions, including receptor‐binding domain (RBD), non‐RBD, host cell targets, and cross‐neutralising antibodies. Furthermore, we critically examine the prevailing scientific literature supporting neutralising antibody‐based interventions, and also delve into the functional evaluation of antibodies, with a particular focus on in vitro (vivo) assays. Lastly, we identify and consider several pertinent challenges inherent to the realm of COVID‐19‐neutralising antibody‐based treatments, offering insights into potential future directions for research and development.
Secure state estimation and actuator attack reconstruction for cyber‐physical systems based on sliding‐mode observer
Authors: He Ke , Li Tieshan , Long Yue , Park Ju H. , Chen C. L. Philip 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the secure state estimation attack and reconstruction problems are considered for linear cyber‐physical systems (CPSs) under actuator attacks and unknown disturbances. By introducing a continuous sliding mode observer with an exponential reaching law strategy, the dynamic quality of approach motion is greatly improved and the chattering is eliminated. Then by transforming the original system into a special attack channel separation form so that an improved sliding mode observer with disturbance compensation is obtained to solve the secure state estimation problem. In addition, with the obtained observer's information, not only the actuator attack can be reconstructed but also the estimation of the disturbance can be obtained. Meanwhile, the influence of disturbance estimation error on attack reconstruction can be attenuated. Finally, simulations on a VTOL aircraft are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
n→π* Electron Transitions and Directional Charge Migration Synergistically Promoting O2 Activation and Holes Utilization on Carbon Nitride for Efficiently Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Contaminants
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Chen Juan , Che Huinan , Liu Bin , Ao Yanhui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStimulating electron transitions and promoting exciton dissociation are crucial for improving the photocatalytic performance of polymeric carbon nitride (CN) yet still challenging. Herein, a novel CN with C dopant and asymmetric structure (CC‐UCN2) is ingeniously synthesized. The obtained CC‐UCN2 not only reinforces the intrinsic π→π* electron transitions, but also successfully awakens additional n→π* electron transitions. Besides, charge centers dislocation caused by symmetry breaking induces a spontaneous polarized electric field, effectively breaking the constraints of Coulomb electrostatic interaction between electrons and holes and driving their directional migration. Along with the spatial separation of reduction and oxidation sites, CC‐UCN2 shows exceptional O2 activation and holes oxidation efficiency, thus exhibits a high degradation rate constant (0.201 min−1) and mineralization rate (80.1%) for bisphenol A (BPA)(far outperforming pristine and other modified CNs). This work proposes a novel perspective for developing high‐efficiency photocatalysts and comprehending the underlying mechanism of O2 activation and holes oxidation for pollutant degradation.
Fault Control Strategy of Grid‐Forming Converter Considering the Voltage Support of Faulty Phase
Authors: Guo Wenming , Zhou Feng , Yang Bo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe grid‐forming converter (GFC) is used to regulate the voltage and frequency of a local grid. However, due to the limited current capacity, the GFC must actively modify its control strategy when a serious external fault occurs, thus to avoid the possible damage caused by overcurrent. This paper proposes a novel voltage reference generation method for GFC based on the external equivalent impedance magnitude (EEIM), which has the following merits: (i) the faulty phase currents and the non‐faulty phase voltage can be controlled within their operational limits. (ii) The voltage reference unbalance factor (VRUF) of the GFC can be adjusted flexibly if necessary. Then, in order to achieve the optimal support effect for the faulty phase voltages, a two‐stage GFC fault control strategy is proposed in this paper. In the first stage, the fault type is judged by computing and comparing the EEIM of each phase. In the second stage, the voltage reference mode is determined according to the fault type, and the VRUF is adjusted to its optimum value through a search algorithm. Simulation results based on Matlab/Simulink verify the effectiveness of the proposed GFC fault control strategy in terms of current limiting and faulty phase voltage support. © 2023 Institute of Electrical Engineer of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Mortality and severe neurological morbidity in extremely preterm growth‐restricted fetuses
Authors: Mazarico E. , Meler E. , Mendoza M. , Herraiz I. , Llurba E. , De Diego R. , Comas M. , Boada D. , González A. , Bonacina E. , Armengol‐Alsina M. , Moline E. , Hurtado I. , Torre N. , Gomez‐Roig M. D. , Galindo A. , Figueras F. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo develop a model for the prediction of adverse perinatal outcome in growth‐restricted fetuses requiring delivery before 28 weeks in order to provide individualized patient counseling.MethodsThis was a retrospective multicenter cohort study of singleton pregnancies with antenatal suspicion of fetal growth restriction requiring delivery before 28 weeks' gestation between January 2010 and January 2020 in six tertiary public hospitals in the Barcelona area, Spain. Separate predictive models for mortality only and mortality or severe neurological morbidity were created using logistic regression from variables available antenatally. For each model, predictive performance was evaluated using receiver‐operating‐characteristics (ROC)‐curve analysis. Predictive models were validated externally in an additional cohort of growth‐restricted fetuses from another public tertiary hospital with the same inclusion and exclusion criteria.ResultsA total of 110 cases were included. The neonatal mortality rate was 37.3% and, among the survivors, the rate of severe neurological morbidity was 21.7%. The following factors were retained in the multivariate analysis as significant predictors of mortality: magnesium sulfate neuroprotection, gestational age at birth, estimated fetal weight, male sex and Doppler stage. This model had a significantly higher area under the ROC curve (AUC) compared with a model including only gestational age at birth (0.810 (95% CI, 0.730–0.889) vs 0.695 (95% CI, 0.594–0.795); P = 0.016). At a 20% false‐positive rate, the model showed a sensitivity, negative predictive value and positive predictive value of 66%, 80% and 66%, respectively. For the prediction of the composite adverse outcome (mortality or severe neurological morbidity), the model included: gestational age at birth, male sex and Doppler stage. This model had a significantly higher AUC compared with a model including only gestational age at birth (0.810 (95% CI, 0.731–0.892) vs 0.689 (95% CI, 0.588–0.799); P = 0.017). At a 20% false‐positive rate, the model showed a sensitivity, negative predictive value and positive predictive value of 55%, 63% and 74%, respectively. External validation of both models yielded similar AUCs that did not differ significantly from those obtained in the original sample.ConclusionsEstimated fetal weight, fetal sex and Doppler stage can be combined with gestational age to improve the prediction of death or severe neurological sequelae in growth‐restricted fetuses requiring delivery before 28 weeks. This approach may be useful for parental counseling and decision‐making. © 2023 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
One Health early warning and response system for zoonotic diseases outbreaks: Emphasis on the involvement of grassroots actors
Authors: Hassan Osama Ahmed , de Balogh Katinka , Winkler Andrea Sylvia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundEmerging and reemerging zoonotic diseases have become a global concern due to their frequent occurrence. Large delays between onset of emerging zoonotic disease outbreaks and their reporting and control are indicative of weak animal and human health systems.ObjectivesThe objective of this paper is to tackle the time delay by suggesting a One Health Early Warning and Response System (OH‐EWRS) aiming at improving the surveillance and notification of zoonotic diseases by strengthening ‘bottom‐up’ approaches and systems for early detection, especially in hot spot areas where they emerge.MethodsIn this conceptual paper, we searched online database including PubMed, Google and Google Scholar to explore the scientific landscape for zoonotic diseases and One Health Early Warning and Response Systems published in English up to December, 2020. In addition, the authors made use of their own expertise and critically reviewed the retrieved papers that were found to be of relevance as the three authors are experts in their own fields, coming from different backgrounds, but are all working to improve the prevention and control of zoonotic disease outbreak.ResultsThe OH‐EWRS advocates for collaboration between relevant stakeholders including nongovernmental organisations, country offices of international and intergovernmental technical organisations, governmental bodies, research institutes, the private sector and local communities with the aim of an integrated One Health prevention and control system. The OH‐EWRS considers various priorities and objectives of the different stakeholders, taking into account possible conflict of interests and considering the need for trust, transparency and mutual benefits.ConclusionsAlthough the operationalisation, governance and institutionalisation of the OH‐EWRS should be the responsibility of government bodies, inputs from and feedback to relevant stakeholders through a bottom‐up and top‐down approach are essential elements for the application of the successful operationalisation of a OH‐EWRS.
The influence of feeding routines on the behavior of zoo‐housed Sulawesi crested black macaques (Macaca nigra)
Authors: Howell C. P. , Warnes Connor , Bayliss P. A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMany species thrive in captivity, yet there is still much to be assessed regarding the often‐unknown stressors present that can compromise welfare. Uncovering such stressors is of paramount importance if we are to ensure the zoo environment provides the highest levels of animal welfare that will contribute to species conservation. Zoo‐housed primates are subject to many potential stressors, including daily husbandry routines which they may find aversive or habituate to, regardless of their outcome. The specific aim of this study was to assess the behavioral responses to daily husbandry feeding routines on a total of 33 Sulawesi crested black macaques (Macaca nigra), across two different UK zoological collections. Group scan sampling was used to record behaviors for 30‐min periods before feeding (BF), for 30 min after feeding (AF), which we began 30 min after feed provision, and for 30 min when no feeding occurred (NF). The feeding condition significantly influenced behaviors recorded and post‐hoc comparisons showed that BF conditions produced significantly higher frequencies of food anticipatory related activity (FAA). Furthermore, during BF periods, behaviors associated with FAA increased during the 15 min closer to a feed. This research finds that temporal feeding events cause changes in the behavior of two independent groups of crested macaques, indicative of food anticipation activity, during 30‐min periods leading up to a feed. These results have implications for how animal keeper routines and advertised zoo feeds are managed for this species within zoological collections.
Production and certification of BOTS-1: bovine muscle–certified reference material for incurred veterinary drug residues
Authors: McRae Garnet , Leek Donald M. , Meija Juris , Shurmer Bryn , Lehotay Steven J. , Polzer Joachim , Melanson Jeremy E. , Mester Zoltan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA freeze-dried bovine muscle–certified reference material (CRM), known as BOTS-1 (DOI: https://doi.org/10.4224/crm.2018.bots-1), containing incurred residues of commonly used veterinary drugs was produced and certified for the mass fraction of eight veterinary drug residues. Value assignment was carried out using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) methods in conjunction with isotope dilution and standard addition approaches involving stable isotope internal standards. Data from the National Research Council of Canada (NRC), Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), and the Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety in Germany (BVL) were used for value assignment. Results for two drug residues were also obtained through an international inter-laboratory comparison CCQM-K141/P178 organized under the auspices of the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM). Quantitative NMR (1H-qNMR) was used to characterize primary standards of all veterinary drugs certified. The certified mass fractions of the veterinary drug residues were 490 ± 100 µg/kg for chlorpromazine, 44 ± 4.4 µg/kg for ciprofloxacin, 3.3 ± 1.4 µg/kg for clenbuterol, 9.5 ± 0.8 µg/kg for dexamethasone, 57 ± 4.8 µg/kg for enrofloxacin, 3.0 ± 0.4 µg/kg for meloxicam, 12.4 ± 1.2 µg/kg for ractopamine, and 2290 ± 120 µg/kg for sulfadiazine with expanded uncertainties quoted (95% confidence) which include the effects due to between-bottle inhomogeneity, instability during long-term storage and transportation, and characterization.
Improving clinical diagnostic accuracy and management of False penile fractures characterizing typical clinical presentation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Agostini Edoardo , Vinci Antonio , Bardhi Dorian , Ingravalle Fabio , Muselli Mario , Milanese Giulio 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
False penile fractures (FPF) represent a rare sexual emergency characterized by blunt trauma of penis in the absence of albuginea’s injury, with or without lesion of dorsal penile vein. Their presentation is often indistinguishable from true penile fractures (TPF). This overlapping of clinical presentation, and lack of knowledge about FPF, can lead surgeons often to proceed directly to surgical exploration without further examinations. The aim of this study was to define a typical presentation of false penile fractures (FPF) emergency, identifying in absence of “snap” sound, slow detumescence, penile shaft ecchymosis, and penile deviation main clinical signs.

Methods
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis based on Medline, Scopus and Cochrane following a protocol designed a priori, to define sensitivity of “snap” sound absence, slow detumescence and penile deviation.

Results
Based on the literature search of 93 articles, 15 were included (73 patients). All patients referred pain, most of them during coitus (n = 57; 78%). Detumescence occurred in 37/73 (51%), and all patients described detumescence occurrence as “slow”. The results show that single anamnestic item have a high-moderate sensibility in the diagnosis of FPF, and the highest sensitive item was penile deviation (sensibility = 0.86). However, when more than one item is present, overall sensitivity increases greatly, closing to 100% (95% Confidence Interval 92–100).

Conclusion
Surgeons can consciously decide between additional exams, a conservative approach, and rapid intervention using these indicators to detect FPF. Our findings identified symptoms with excellent specificity for FPF diagnosis, giving clinicians more useful tools for making decisions.
Rod-shaped microparticles — an overview of synthesis and properties
Authors: Wittmann Martin , Henze Kelly , Yan Kai , Sharma Vandana , Simmchen Juliane 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMicro particles come in a wide variety of architectural designs and shapes. It is time to look beyond the conventional spherical morphology and focus on anisotropic systems. Rod-shaped micro particles in particular exhibit numerous unique behaviors based on their structural characteristics. Because of their various shapes, architectures, and material compositions, which are based on the wide range of synthesis possibilities, they possess an array of interesting characteristics and applications. This review summarizes and provides an overview of the substantial amount of work that has already been published in the field of rod-shaped micro particles. Nevertheless, it also reveals limitations and potential areas for development.
LncRNA KCNQ10T1 shuttled by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome inhibits sepsis via regulation of miR-154-3p/RNF19A axis
Authors: Yuan Haojie , Yu Junbo , Liu Chun , Zhao Heyan , Xue Jianhua , Liu Jiajia , Yang Yang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study aims to discuss the role of exosomes KCNQ10T1 derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) in sepsis and to further investigate its potential molecular mechanisms. Exosomes extracted from BMMSCs are identified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), and western blot. Fluorescence labeling is applied to detect the internalization of exosomes in receptors. The proliferation ability, migration ability, and invasion ability of HUVECs are determined by CCK-8, EdU, wound healing, and Transwell. The levels of inflammatory cytokines in sepsis cells are quantitatively detected by ELISA. Kaplan–Meier survival curve is used to describe the overall survival. RT-qPCR is used to detect mRNA expression of related genes. Bioinformatics analysis is performed to search the downstream target of KCNQ1OT1 and miR-154-3p and the interaction is verified by luciferase reporter assay. Exosomes derived from BMMSCs alleviated the toxicity in sepsis cell models and animal models. In mice with septic cell models, exosomal KCNQ10T1 was down-regulated and associated with lower survival. Overexpression of KCNQ10T1 inhibited the proliferation and metastasis of LPS-induced HUVECs. Further research illustrated that miR-154-3p was the downstream target gene of KCNQ1OT1 and RNF19A was the downstream target gene of miR-154-3p. Importantly, functional research findings indicated that KCNQ1OT1 regulated sepsis progression by targeting miR-154-3p/RNF19A axis. Our study demonstrates that the exosomal KCNQ1OT1 suppresses sepsis via mediating miR-154-3p/RNF19A, which provides a latent target for sepsis treatment.