SNHG11: A New Budding Star in Tumors and Inflammatory Diseases
Authors: Wu Yinxin 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts that are over 200 nucleotides
in length and lack protein-coding potential. Despite their name, lncRNAs have important regulatory
roles in transcription, translation, and protein function by interacting with DNA, RNA, and protein
molecules. Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), found in various tumors, are encoded by lncRNAs
and have gained attention in recent research. The lncRNAs, encoding snoRNAs are known as small
nucleolar RNA host genes (SNHGs), a newly identified class of lncRNAs. SNHG11, a specific
SNHG, is a critical regulatory factor involved in various biological processes. Accumulating evidence
suggests that SNHG11 can impact tumor development and inflammatory diseases by modulating
downstream gene expression through chromatin modification, transcription, or post-transcriptional
mechanisms. The expression levels of SNHG11 vary significantly in different normal tissues, tumors,
and stages of tumor development. Currently, treatment options for advanced cancers are mainly palliative
and lack curative potential.

Objectives:
This review aims to explore the modifications and functions of lncRNA SNHG11 in various
tumors and inflammatory diseases. Through a comprehensive analysis of relevant literature on
SNHG11 in PubMed, the review aims to provide a comprehensive description of the roles of SNHG11
in known tumors and inflammatory diseases and elucidate the specific mechanism’s underlying functions.
The changes in SNHG11 expression in tumors and inflammatory diseases can serve as early
biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and prognostic indicators. Improving the clinical detection, staging,
treatment, and prognosis of tumors is of great value. Additionally, the structural modifications of
SNHG11 can potentially enhance its function as a drug carrier to maximize the therapeutic potential
of drugs. Furthermore, understanding the specific mechanisms of SNHG11 in tumors and inflammatory
diseases may provide new ways for targeted therapy.

Materials and Methods:
Relevant studies were retrieved and collected from the PubMed system.
SNHG11 was identified as the research object, and research literature on SNHG11 in the past ten
years was analyzed to determine its strong association with the onset and progression of various diseases.
The precise mechanisms of SNHG11's mode of action were reviewed, and references were further
determined based on their impact factors for comprehensive analysis.

Results:
Through review and analysis, it was found that SNHG11 is involved in a wide range of tumors
and inflammatory diseases through its high expression, including lung cancer, colorectal cancer,
prostate cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, triple-negative breast cancer, gastric cancer, glioma, ovarian
cancer, pancreatic cancer, acute pancreatitis, and ischemic stroke, but with lower expression in virus
myocarditis. SNHG11 is abnormally expressed in cells of these tumors and inflammatory diseases
mainly contributes to disease proliferation, metastasis, ceRNA activity, miRNA sponging, drug resistance,
and tumor prognosis. However, the specific mechanisms of SNHG11 in tumors and inflammatory
diseases require further detailed exploration. Understanding the known regulatory mechanisms can
expand the scope of clinical applications and promote early clinical detection, monitoring, and treatment.

Conclusion:
LncRNA SNHG11 can serve as an early diagnostic biomarker, therapeutic target, and
prognostic indicator in various diseases, particularly tumors. SNHG11 plays a crucial role in the occurrence
and development of tumors and inflammatory diseases through various mechanisms, which
has significant implications for clinical diagnosis and treatment.