bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nrf2 is expressed more extensively in neurons than in astrocytes following an acute epileptic seizure in rats
Authors: Sandouka Sereen , Saadi Aseel , Olowe Rhoda , Singh Prince Kumar , Shekh‐Ahmad Tawfeeq 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe modulation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2‐like 2 (Nrf2) activity has been reported to be implicated in the pathology of various neurological disorders, including epilepsy. Previous studies have demonstrated that Nrf2 is activated in the post‐status epilepticus rat model; however, the spatiotemporal as well as cell type‐specific expression of Nrf2 following brief epileptic seizures remains unclear. Here, we evaluated how an acute epileptic seizure affected the expression of Nrf2 and its downstream genes in the rats' cortex and the hippocampus up to 1 week following the induced seizure. We found that after a pentylenetetrazol‐induced seizure, Nrf2 significantly increased at 24 h at the mRNA level and 3 h at the protein level in the cortex. In the hippocampus, the Nrf2 mRNA level peaked at 3 h after the seizure, and no significant changes were observed in the protein level. Interestingly, the mRNA level of Nrf2 downstream genes peaked at 3–6 h after seizure in both the cortex and the hippocampus. A significant increase in the expression of Nrf2 was observed in the neuronal population of CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus, as well as in the cortex. Moreover, we observed no change in the co‐localization of Nrf2 with astrocytes neither in the cortex nor in CA1 and CA3. Our results revealed that following a brief acute epileptic seizure, the expression of Nrf2 and its downstream genes is transiently increased and peaked at early timepoints after the seizure predominantly in the hippocampus, and this expression is restricted to the neuronal population.image
Survival experience of patients undergoing oesophagectomy during the recovery period: A meta‐synthesis of qualitative studies
Authors: Ma Xuanxuan , Ge Hui , Zhang Xue , Li Shuwen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAims and ObjectiveTo systematically review and synthesise existing qualitative research evidence describing the survival experience of patients undergoing oesophagectomy during recovery.BackgroundPatients with oesophageal cancer undergoing surgical treatment have severe physical and psychological burdens during the recovery period. Qualitative studies on the survival experience of patients undergoing oesophagectomy are increasing annually, but there is no integration of qualitative evidence.DesignA systematic review and synthesis of qualitative studies were conducted following the ENTREQ.MethodsFive English (CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library) and three Chinese (Wanfang, CNKI and VIP) databases were searched for literature on the survival of patients undergoing oesophagectomy during the recovery period from its establishment in April 2022. The quality of the literature was evaluated by the ‘Qualitative Research Quality Evaluation Criteria for the JBI Evidence‐Based Health Care Centre in Australia’, and the data were synthesised by the thematic synthesis method of Thomas and Harden.ResultsA total of 18 studies were included, and four themes were identified: physical and mental dual challenges, impaired social functioning, efforts to return to normal life, lack of knowledge and skills in post‐discharge care, and thirst for external support.ConclusionsFuture research should focus on the problem of reduced social interaction during the recovery of patients with oesophageal cancer, formulating individualised exercise intervention programs and establishing a sound social support system.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe results of this study provide evidence‐based support for nurses to carry out targeted interventions and reference methods for patients with oesophageal cancer to rebuild their lives.No Patient or Public ContributionThe report was a systematic review and did not involve a population study.
Long‐term health consequences of COVID‐19 in survivors hospitalised at a tertiary care hospital and their correlation with acute COVID‐19 severity and associated risk factors
Authors: Jain Vineet , Nabi Nusrat , Aggarwal Sanjana , Alam Zaara , Chandra Kailash , Singh Dharmander , Kashyap Varun , Islam Farzana , Kohli Sunil 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo determine post‐COVID syndromes in the Indian population, correlating a wide spectrum of post‐COVID manifestations with acute disease severity and associated risk factors.BackgroundPost‐COVID Syndrome (PCS) is defined as signs and symptoms that develop during or after acute COVID‐19 infection.Design of StudyThis is a prospective observational cohort with repetitive measurements.MethodsThe study followed RT‐PCR confirmed COVID‐19‐positive survivors discharged from HAHC Hospital, New Delhi, for a period of 12 weeks. The patients were interviewed over the phone at 4 weeks and 12 weeks from the onset of symptoms for evaluation of clinical symptoms and health‐related quality of life parameters.ResultsA total of 200 patients completed the study. At the baseline, 50% of the patients were categorised as severe based on their acute infection assessment. At 12 weeks after symptom onset, fatigue (23.5%), hair loss (12.5%) and dyspnea (9%) were the main persistent symptoms. The incidence of hair loss (12.5%), memory loss (4.5%) and brain fog (5%) were found to be increased as compared to the acute infection period. Severity of the acute COVID infection behaved as an independent predictor for the development of PCS, with high odds of experiencing persistent cough (OR = 13.1), memory loss (OR = 5.2) and fatigue (OR = 3.3). Further, 30% of subjects in the severe group experienced statistically significant fatigue at 12 weeks (p < .05).ConclusionFrom the results of our study, it can be concluded that there is a huge disease burden of post‐COVID Syndrome (PCS). The PCS comprised multisystem symptoms ranging from serious complaints of dyspnea, memory loss and brain fog to non‐serious complaints of fatigue and hair loss. Severity of the acute COVID infection behaved as an independent predictor for the development of PCS. Our findings strongly recommend vaccination against COVID‐19, for protection from disease severity as well as prevention of PCS.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe findings of our study support the multidisciplinary approach required for the management of PCS with a team comprising of physicians, nurses, physiotherapists and psychiatrists working in close coordination for the rehabilitation of these patients. As nurses are considered the most trusted professionals in the community and the class of health workers associated with rehabilitation, focus should be given to educating them on PCS, which would prove to be an important strategy for efficient monitoring and long‐term management of COVID‐19 survivors.
Usefulness of newly devised food intake score in removable denture wearers
Authors: Yokoyama Masaoki , Shiga Hiroshi , Uesugi Hanako , Sano Mako , Nakajima Kunihisa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the food intake score (FIS) from conventional food intake questionnaires is widely used, the evaluation method, number of foods and food selection used in the questionnaire can be improved.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of a newly devised FIS in removable denture wearers.MethodsA total of 219 removable denture wearers were asked about their food intake, and three types of FIS (FIS1, FIS2 and FIS3) were calculated as subjective parameters. FIS1 and FIS2 are conventional FISs, while FIS3 is the FIS devised in this study. The amount of glucose extracted (AGE) when participants chewed gummy jelly was used as an objective parameter. The relationship between the three FISs and that between each FIS and AGE were investigated. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was performed with AGE as the dependent variable and age, sex and FIS as independent variables.ResultsThe three types of FISs were positively correlated. A positive correlation was also found between FIS and AGE. The correlation coefficient was the largest in FIS2 and decreased in the order of FIS3 > FIS1; however, the values of FIS2 > FIS3 were similar. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that sex and FIS were significantly associated with AGE.ConclusionFor denture wearers, the newly devised FIS3 was useful and evaluated masticatory performance, as well as or better than FIS1 and FIS2.
Investing in resources: An interaction model of personal resources, commitment, and work achievement
Authors: Neveu Jean‐Pierre , Khan Rahman , Murtaza Ghulam 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveManagement practice commonly assumes that the value of a work‐goal dictates the nature of motivation processes. We investigate instead how individuals invest resources from the perspective of their own value system. Drawing from Conservation of Resources theory, we explore the valuation process by testing a reciprocal model between work‐goal attainment, goal commitment, and personal resources, including self‐efficacy, optimism, and subjective well‐being.MethodData were collected in a two‐wave longitudinal study among sales professionals (n = 793) from France (F), Pakistan (P), and the United States (U).ResultsMulti‐group cross‐lagged path analysis confirmed the reciprocal model across all three countries. Time 1 resources and goal commitment predicted work goal attainment (F = 0.24; P = 0.37; U = 0.39) and (F = 0.31; P = 0.40; U = 0.36) respectively. T1 level of goal attainment also fuelled T2 resources and goal commitment (F = 0.30; P = 0.29; U = 0.34) and (F = 0.33; P = 0.32; U = 0.29).ConclusionsOur reciprocal findings suggest a revised approach on the nature of targets and goals. They indicate an alternative to linear path modeling, as the role of goal commitment is not necessarily that of an intermediary stage linking antecedent resources to attainment purposes. Furthermore, cultural values play a differentiating role in the goal‐attainment process.
Activity patterns of the marsh deer: Effects of proxies of human movement, cattle presence, and moon phases on its behavior
Authors: Guerisoli M. M. , Fergnani D. M. , Fracassi N. G. , Thompson J. , Pereira J. A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractActivity is an important aspect of animal behavior. Intrinsic and extrinsic factors can shape species activity patterns, which can alter and reshape several ecological aspects of the species. Human disturbance is known to modify the activity patterns of various species. The Marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus) is the largest Neotropical cervid, and has its southernmost distribution located in the wetlands of the lower Delta of the Paraná river, an area characterized by forestry plantations. We studied how the activity patterns of the marsh deer are affected by proxies of human movement, cattle presence, and moon phases in Argentina. We found that marsh deer presented activity peaks during crepuscular hours and moderate levels of activity during the entire night period. The majority of the independent camera‐trapping events of marsh deer occurred during the first quarter and last quarter phases, and the species was more active on sites far from rivers, which could infer an avoidance of human disturbances. In order to comprehend more deeply the variable effects on the activity patterns of marsh deer in this area, further analyses are needed, particularly using movement data of marked individuals.
The private sector's role in and contribution to the Pacific Alliance, 2012–2021
Authors: Giacalone Rita 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Pacific Alliance deviates from other Latin American integration agreements due to its close association between governments and the private sector. Analysts have assessed the agreement as a pragmatic experience of regional integration to facilitate the free movement of production factors, a “tail moves dog” project, or an example of deep integration to diffuse liberal normative principles. This article analyzes the Pacific Alliance Business Council discourse to identify how the private sector perceives its role in the agreement and expresses it in the group's external negotiations, for example, Pacific Alliance–Mercosur, before contrasting its self‐defined role with those assumed by interpretations in the literature. We argue that the private sector sees its role as multifaceted, and this self‐perception escapes the limits of normative deep integration notions, allowing business to adapt to changes in internal and external factors. Business self‐perception contributes to enhance Pacific Alliance pragmatism and the application of an inductive micro‐negotiation methodology, but transversality may also influence the Business Council to support normative issues.
Transcriptomics confirm the establishment of a liver‐immune dual‐humanized mouse model after transplantation of a single type of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell
Authors: Sun Suwan , Yang Hui , Xin Jiaojiao , Yao Heng , Yuan Lunzhi , Ren Keke , Jiang Jing , Shi Dongyan , Li Jun , Zhou Qian , An Zhanglu , Guo Beibei , Chen Jiaxian , He Lulu , Liang Xi , Cheng Tong , Xia Ningshao , Li Jun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsHuman bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) are important for developing a dual‐humanized mouse model to clarify disease pathogenesis. We aimed to elucidate the characteristics of hBMSC transdifferentiation into liver and immune cells.MethodsA single type of hBMSCs was transplanted into immunodeficient Fah−/− Rag2−/− IL‐2Rγc−/− SCID (FRGS) mice with fulminant hepatic failure (FHF). Liver transcriptional data from the hBMSC‐transplanted mice were analysed to identify transdifferentiation with traces of liver and immune chimerism.ResultsMice with FHF were rescued by implanted hBMSCs. Human albumin/leukocyte antigen (HLA) and CD45/HLA double‐positive hepatocytes and immune cells were observed in the rescued mice during the initial 3 days. The transcriptomics analysis of liver tissues from dual‐humanized mice identified two transdifferentiation phases (cellular proliferation at 1–5 days and cellular differentiation/maturation at 5–14 days) and ten cell lineages transdifferentiated from hBMSCs: human hepatocytes, cholangiocytes, stellate cells, myofibroblasts, endothelial cells and immune cells (T/B/NK/NKT/Kupffer cells). Two biological processes, hepatic metabolism and liver regeneration, were characterized in the first phase, and two additional biological processes, immune cell growth and extracellular matrix (ECM) regulation, were observed in the second phase. Immunohistochemistry verified that the ten hBMSC‐derived liver and immune cells were present in the livers of dual‐humanized mice.ConclusionsA syngeneic liver‐immune dual‐humanized mouse model was developed by transplanting a single type of hBMSC. Four biological processes linked to the transdifferentiation and biological functions of ten human liver and immune cell lineages were identified, which may help to elucidate the molecular basis of this dual‐humanized mouse model for further clarifying disease pathogenesis.
When does early‐life telomere length predict survival? A case study and meta‐analysis
Authors: Eastwood Justin R. , Dupoué Andréaz , Delhey Kaspar , Verhulst Simon , Cockburn Andrew , Peters Anne 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSuboptimal conditions during development can shorten telomeres, the protective DNA caps on the end of chromosomes. Shorter early‐life telomere length (TL) can indicate reduced somatic maintenance, leading to lower survival and shorter lifespan. However, despite some clear evidence, not all studies show a relationship between early‐life TL and survival or lifespan, which may be due to differences in biology or study design (e.g., survival period measured). In superb fairy‐wrens (Malurus cyaneus), we assessed whether early‐life TL predicts mortality across different life‐history stages (fledgling, juvenile, adult). However, in contrast to a similar study on a congener, early‐life TL did not predict mortality across any life stage in this species. We then performed a meta‐analysis including 32 effect sizes from 23 studies (15 birds and three mammals) to quantify the effect of early‐life TL on mortality whilst taking into consideration potential sources of biological and methodological variation. Overall, the effect of early‐life TL on mortality was significant, corresponding to a 15% reduction in mortality risk with each standard deviation increase in TL. However, the effect became weaker when correcting for publication bias. Contrary to our predictions, there was no evidence that effects of early‐life TL on mortality varied with species lifespan or the period over which survival was measured. However, negative effects of early‐life TL on mortality risk were pervasive throughout life. These results imply that effects of early‐life TL on mortality are more likely to be context‐dependent than age‐dependent, although substantial power and publication bias issues highlight the need for more research.
Progress in pathogenesis research of Ustilago maydis, and the metabolites involved along with their biosynthesis
Authors: Yu Chunyan , Qi Jianzhao , Han Haiyan , Wang Pengchao , Liu Chengwei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractUstilago maydis is a pathogenic fungus that causes corn smut. Because of its easy cultivation and genetic transformation, U. maydis has become an important model organism for plant‐pathogenic basidiomycetes. U. maydis is able to infect maize by producing effectors and secreted proteins as well as surfactant‐like metabolites. In addition, the production of melanin and iron carriers is also associated with its pathogenicity. Here, advances in our understanding of the pathogenicity of U. maydis, the metabolites involved in the pathogenic process, and the biosynthesis of these metabolites, are reviewed and discussed. This summary will provide new insights into the pathogenicity of U. maydis and the functions of associated metabolites, as well as new clues for deciphering the biosynthesis of metabolites.
From MIA to FIFA: The vicious matrix of frailty, inflammation, fluid overload and atherosclerosis in peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Chan Gordon Chun‐Kau , Fung Winston Wing‐Shing , Szeto Cheuk‐Chun , Ng Jack Kit‐Chung 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Two decades ago, the common co‐existence of malnutrition and systemic inflammation PD patients with atherosclerosis and CVD led to the proposed terminology of ‘malnutrition‐inflammation‐atherosclerosis (MIA) syndrome’. Although the importance of malnutrition is well accepted, frailty represents a more comprehensive assessment of the physical and functional capability of the patient and encompasses the contributions of sarcopenia (a key component of malnutrition), obesity, cardiopulmonary as well as neuropsychiatric impairment. In recent years, it is also increasingly recognized that fluid overload is not only the consequence but also play an important role in the pathogenesis of CVD. Moreover, fluid overload is closely linked with the systemic inflammatory status, presumably by gut oedema, gastrointestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction and leakage of bacterial fragments to the systemic circulation. There are now a wealth of published evidence to show intricate relations between frailty, inflammation, fluid overload and atherosclerotic disease in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and those on PD, a phenomenon that we propose the term ‘FIFA complex’. In this system, frailty and atherosclerotic disease may be regarded as two patient‐oriented outcomes, while inflammation and fluid overload are two inter‐connected pathogenic processes. However, there remain limited data on how the treatment of one component affect the others. It is also important to define how treatment of fluid overload affect the systemic inflammatory status and to develop effective anti‐inflammatory strategies that could alleviate atherosclerotic disease and frailty.
Phagocytosis underpins the biotrophic lifestyle of intracellular parasites in the class Phytomyxea (Rhizaria)
Authors: Garvetto Andrea , Murúa Pedro , Kirchmair Martin , Salvenmoser Willibald , Hittorf Michaela , Ciaghi Stefan , Harikrishnan Srilakshmy L. , Gachon Claire M. M. , Burns John A. , Neuhauser Sigrid 
Published: February 2023

SummaryPhytomyxea are intracellular biotrophic parasites infecting plants and stramenopiles, including the agriculturally impactfulPlasmodiophora brassicaeand the brown seaweed pathogenMaullinia ectocarpii. They belong to the clade Rhizaria, where phagotrophy is the main mode of nutrition. Phagocytosis is a complex trait of eukaryotes, well documented for free‐living unicellular eukaryotes and specific cellular types of animals. Data on phagocytosis in intracellular, biotrophic parasites are scant. Phagocytosis, where parts of the host cell are consumed at once, is seemingly at odds with intracellular biotrophy.Here we provide evidence that phagotrophy is part of the nutritional strategy of Phytomyxea, using morphological and genetic data (including a novel transcriptome ofM. ectocarpii). We document intracellular phagocytosis inP. brassicaeandM. ectocarpiiby transmission electron microscopy and fluorescentin situhybridization.Our investigations confirm molecular signatures of phagocytosis in Phytomyxea and hint at a small specialized subset of genes used for intracellular phagocytosis. Microscopic evidence confirms the existence of intracellular phagocytosis, which in Phytomyxea targets primarily host organelles.Phagocytosis seems to coexist with the manipulation of host physiology typical of biotrophic interactions. Our findings resolve long debated questions on the feeding behaviour of Phytomyxea, suggesting an unrecognized role for phagocytosis in biotrophic interactions.
SHOU4/4L link cell wall cellulose synthesis to pattern‐triggered immunity
Authors: Wang Weibing , Fei Yue , Wang Yongjin , Song Beibei , Li Lin , Zhang Wenjing , Cheng Hangyuan , Zhang Xiaojuan , Chen She , Zhou Jian‐Min 
Published: February 2023

Summary

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are plasma membrane‐localised proteins that sense molecular patterns to initiate pattern‐triggered immunity (PTI). Receptor‐like cytoplasmic kinases (RLCKs) function downstream of PRRs to propagate signal transduction via the phosphorylation of substrate proteins. The identification and characterisation of RLCK‐regulated substrate proteins are critical for our understanding of plant immunity.

We showed that SHOU4 and SHOU4L are rapidly phosphorylated upon various patterns elicitation and are indispensable for plant resistance to bacterial and fungal pathogens. Protein–protein interaction and phosphoproteomic analysis revealed that BOTRYTIS‐INDUCED KINASE 1, a prominent protein kinase of RLCK subfamily VII (RLCK‐VII), interacted with SHOU4/4L and phosphorylated multiple serine residues on SHOU4L N‐terminus upon pattern flg22 treatment. Neither phospho‐dead nor phospho‐mimic SHOU4L variants complemented pathogen resistance and plant development defect of the loss‐of‐function mutant, suggesting that reversible phosphorylation of SHOU4L is critical to plant immunity and plant development.

Co‐immunoprecipitation data revealed that flg22 induced SHOU4L dissociation from cellulose synthase 1 (CESA1) and that a phospho‐mimic SHOU4L variant inhibited the interaction between SHOU4L and CESA1, indicating the link between SHOU4L‐mediated cellulose synthesis and plant immunity.

This study thus identified SHOU4/4L as new components of PTI and preliminarily revealed the mechanism governing SHOU4L regulation by RLCKs.