bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing a 1D extended logistic map for a secure image encryption
Authors: Ren Qiying , Wang Zhipeng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The performance of the keystream is an important index for determining the security of a cryptosystem. However, the parameter range of the classical one-dimensional chaotic map is limited, and the distribution of the generated chaotic sequence is aggregated. Using the keystream generated by such chaotic systems can lead to a small secret key space and low security of the cryptosystem. To address this, this paper proposes a 1D Extended Logistic Map (1D-ELM), which combines the Sin and Logistic maps. The 1D-ELM has the same control parameters as the Logistic map, but the parameter range in which 1D-ELM exhibits chaotic behavior is larger than that of the Logistic map. The performance of 1D-ELM is evaluated using the Lyapunov exponent, bifurcation diagram, and 0-1 test. Additionally, 1D-ELM is applied in image encryption. In the secret key generation stage, the designed cryptosystem employs a combination of public and private keys, ensuring the algorithm’s security. An attacker needs to find two secret keys to crack the algorithm. Furthermore, in the diffusion stage, most ciphertext values are related to the three adjacent ciphertext values, reducing the correlation of adjacent ciphertext pixels. The experiment verifies that 1D-ELM has good application in image encryption and plays an important role. The designed cryptographic system has high security.
Magnetically enhanced THz generation by self-focusing laser in VA-MCNTs
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Thakur Vishal , Kant Niti 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Magnetically enhanced terahertz (THz) radiations are generated on account of the self-focusing of the laser beam in the bunch of anharmonic Vertically Aligned Metallic Carbon Nanotubes (VA-MCNTs) embedded on the non-conductive sapphire or silicon on sapphire (SOS) substrate. The high-power Gaussian laser beam gets self-focused in the bunch of VA-MCNTs as the initial power of the propagating beam is greater than its critical power. The resulting laser beam interacts with the bunch of VA-MCNTs and as a result, the electrons of MCNTs experience a nonlinear ponderomotive force to show oscillatory behavior with resonant nonlinear transverse velocity. It produces the nonlinear current which drives the THz radiation generation. Enhanced THz generation is noticed in the regions where self-focusing becomes stronger. We have observed that an applied magnetic field, anharmonic behavior of MCNTs, self-focusing, and dimensions of MCNTs also pave the way for the enhancement of the normalized THz amplitude. The anisotropic behavior of the dielectric tensor in the presence of an externally applied static magnetic field also helps to enhance the THz amplitude. The results shown (by the beautiful graphs and well supported by the numerical simulation) in the present scheme indicate that the bunch of VA-MCNTs can play a diverse and significant role in the important applications of THz medical photonics by varying the values of various parameters. The emitted THz radiation has the ability to detect changes in the DNA of human beings because the frequency of the emitted radiation is observed to lie in the frequency region of molecular spectra of DNA and the corresponding energy of THz radiation is not high enough to damage the DNA by ionization.
Essential Fierz identities for a fermionic field
Authors: Dale Roberto , Herrero Alicia , Morales-Lladosa Juan Antonio 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
For a single fermionic field, an interpretation of the Fierz identities (which establish relations between the bilinear field observables) is given. They appear closely related to the algebraic class (regular or singular) of the spin 2-form S associated to the spinor field. If S ≠ 0, the Fierz identities follow from the 3 + 1 decomposition of the eigenvector equations for S with respect to an inertial laboratory, which makes this interpretation suitable for fermionic particle physics models. When S = 0, the Fierz identities reduce to three constraints on the current densities associated with the spinor field, saying that they are orthogonal, equimodular, the vector current being time-like and the axial one being space-like.
Correlation, response and entropy approaches to allosteric behaviors: a critical comparison on the ubiquitin case
Authors: Cecconi Fabio , Costantini Giulio , Guardiani Carlo , Baldovin Marco , Vulpiani Angelo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Correlation analysis and its close variant principal component analysis are tools widely applied to predict the biological functions of macromolecules in terms of the relationship between fluctuation dynamics and structural properties. However, since this kind of analysis does not necessarily imply causation links among the elements of the system, its results run the risk of being biologically misinterpreted. By using as a benchmark the structure of ubiquitin, we report a critical comparison of correlation-based analysis with the analysis performed using two other indicators, response function and transfer entropy, that quantify the causal dependence. The use of ubiquitin stems from its simple structure and from recent experimental evidence of an allosteric control of its binding to target substrates. We discuss the ability of correlation, response and transfer-entropy analysis in detecting the role of the residues involved in the allosteric mechanism of ubiquitin as deduced by experiments. To maintain the comparison as much as free from the complexity of the modeling approach and the quality of time series, we describe the fluctuations of ubiquitin native state by the Gaussian network model which, being fully solvable, allows one to derive analytical expressions of the observables of interest. Our comparison suggests that a good strategy consists in combining correlation, response and transfer entropy, such that the preliminary information extracted from correlation analysis is validated by the two other indicators in order to discard those spurious correlations not associated with true causal dependencies.
On modelling of artefact instability in interlaboratory comparisons
Authors: Marschall Manuel , Wübbeler Gerd , Borys Michael , Elster Clemens 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Key comparisons are at the core of metrology and support the international equivalence of measurement standards. Typical key comparison setups involve travelling artefacts which are transferred between the participants of a study. After each participating laboratory performs its measurements of the artefacts, a subsequent analysis reveals the degree of equivalence between the participants. For this analysis stage, the stability of the artefacts plays a crucial role, and violations of the stability need to be taken into account to allow for a meaningful comparison. In this work, we present several mathematical models for a treatment of non-negligible artefact instability effects in bilateral comparisons. We highlight the underlying model assumptions and derive analytical formulae for the estimate and standard uncertainty of the instability effect. Moreover, we derive the bilateral degree of equivalence by applying the models in a treatment essentially based on the GUM (JCGM-100). Our considerations conclude with numerical experiments using data from a bilateral comparison on illuminance and from a recent CCM key comparison of kilogram realisations.
Thermodynamic temperature measurements of Al–Cu, Al, Ag, Cu and Co–C fixed points by radiometry hybrid method
Authors: Zhang T , Lu X , Dong W 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The radiometry hybrid method, by introducing a lens to the irradiance method with a 900 nm filter radiometer, was adopted to measure the thermodynamic temperature of the aluminum-copper (Al–Cu) eutectic point, aluminum (Al) freezing point, silver (Ag) freezing point, copper (Cu) freezing point and cobalt carbon (Co–C) eutectic point at the National Institute of Metrology, China. By scanning the uniformity of fixed-point blackbodies, the effective diameters were accurately estimated according to the size of the source effect (SSE). The lens transmittance measurement with the closest diameter aperture was adjusted to reduce the uncertainty of SSE. The discrepancy between the thermodynamic temperature and ITS-90 values (T-T
90) of Al–Cu, Al, Ag, Cu and Co–C fixed point blackbodies were concluded as 0.022 °C, 0.014 °C, 0.097 °C, 0.137 °C and 0.317 °C, respectively. The standard uncertainty of the fixed point thermodynamic temperature was estimated to be (0.1 to 0.3) °C (k = 2).
Pseudo-label self-training model for transfer learning algorithm
Authors: Chen Zijie , Ling Weixin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
When aligning joint distributions between domains, the existing transfer learning algorithms usually assign pseudo labels due to the lack of labels in target domain. However, the noise in pseudo labels will affect the performance of transfer learning. Pseudo-label self-training for transfer learning (PST-TL) model is proposed to generate reliable pseudo labels for target domain and have a wide range of applications in existing algorithms. Pseudo labels are predicted by an ensemble classifier using absolute majority vote, and labels predicted successfully are considered to be high confidence. The training of ensemble classifier applies the self-training of joint pseudo labels strategy, adding strongly stable data to training set of the classifier. The semi-supervised and unsupervised transfer learning tasks in experiment show that the existing transfer learning algorithm can significantly improve the transfer performance after embedded by PST-TL model.
A Data-Driven Approach to Interdisciplinary Collaborative Discovery and Recommendation
Authors: Wang Junxiang , Wang Yizhe , Zhu Zixuan , Hu Yitong , Cao Yuxuan , Xing Zehao , Xie Binzhu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The convergence of different fields is crucial for scientific advancement, and interdisciplinary collaborations among scholars are necessary for fostering this development. However, identifying and recommending potential interdisciplinary collaborators systematically is a challenging task. This paper proposes an interdisciplinary collaboration discovery and recommendation model for scholars in different fields. We utilized clustering algorithms, including K-Means, DBSCAN, and Affinity, to generate a scholarly interdisciplinary collaboration discovery graph. To recommend potential collaborators, we proposed an algorithm that considers both the suitability between scholars and the individual comprehensive influence of scholars. The effectiveness of the model was validated using data from 126 scholars at the Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications.
Binarization for time-frequency images of LPI radar signals based on K-means
Authors: Yang Jincheng , Chen Shiwen , Dong Jinpeng , Han Xiao 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Low probability of intercept radar signal is widely used because it is difficult to be intercepted by non-cooperative receivers in electronic warfare. We need to binarize the time-frequency images when analyzing LPI radar signals based on time-frequency distribution. However, the existing binarization algorithms cannot distinguish noise from the signal frequency at low signal-to-noise ratios. In this paper, we propose to use K-means algorithm to binarize the gray time-frequency images of LPI radar signals. We use F1-score to comprehensively consider the effect of binarization. Based on linear frequency modulation signals, the simulation experiments show that the F1-score of the proposed algorithm exceeds the F1-score of Otsu’s method by 40% to 80% when the signal-to-noise ratio is from -6 dB to 2 dB. The binarization effect of K-means is excellent and has great application prospects.
Research and Application of Panoramic Data Visualization Platform for Stability Control Equipment Based on the Whole Life Cycle
Authors: Gao Qili , Huang Ying , Li Huaiqiang , He Xiao , Sun Yuyang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In recent years, with the mass access of new energy such as UHV commissioning projects and photovoltaic wind, the problems in safely and stably operating regional power grid are becoming more and more prominent. Mass power grid stability control system and equipment play a significant role in this aspect. However, there are a great variety of manufacturers and models of the stability control systems and equipment, as well as configuration schemes for the operation strategy and fixed value of the primary equipment. Due to insufficient technological support, it is relatively inconvenient to manage the information and data of stability and control system on the whole process from feasibility research, initial test, factory debugging, site debugging, commissioning acceptance, protection verification, daily operation and maintenance management to the decommission of the system, thus failing to achieve the objective of classified management according to the relevant requirements, nor to modify and improve in time. Based on the management requirements and status quo of the stability and control equipment, a technical research on the panoramic data visualization platform for the stability control equipment with full life-cycle information covering the feasibility research, release, debugging, commissioning, verification, operation, decommission and so on of the equipment, which is available for the panoramic informationized and digital management of the stability control equipment, so as to realize the whole life cycle and systematic closed-loop management of the stability control system and the equipment.
Optimal signal receiving technology based on APD in atmospheric laser communications
Authors: Li Yang , Zhao Xin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The intensity fluctuation of atmospheric turbulence significantly affects the performance of the laser communication system. To suppress the turbulence effect, we propose an avalanche photodiode (APD) optimal gain formula under the turbulence channel, taking the real-time received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) as the evaluation parameter of the turbulence channel’s state. Based on this formula, we design a model of the optimal optical signal receiver in the atmospheric channel, utilizing the Fuzzy-Pi control mechanism to adapt to the nonlinear properties caused by turbulence. The experimental results show the feasibility and advantages of the control mechanism. In addition, when turbulence is weak, as Rytov variance is equal to 0.145, the variance of light intensity flicker is lowered from 0.1353 to 0.103. As Rytov variance rise to 1.068, the variance of light intensity flicker decreased from 0.6547 to 0.32.
Multi-objective operation optimization analysis based on distributed energy sources
Authors: Zhai Zizhan , Gao Yan , Luan Tao , Yan Ruobing , Dou Huawei , Yu Zhaoxin , Yang Senhao , Li Linxun , Liu Zichen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In the context of the determination and implementation of the dual carbon goal, it is an important trend of China’s energy strategy to incorporate a considerable proportion of renewable energy into the power grid. Therefore, energy consumption is gradually turning to new energy sources such as wind energy and wind energy. Considering the limitations of random, intermittent and anti-peak regulation of energy forms such as wind and light, a multi-objective optimization model of wind, light, fire and storage combined power generation and heating is built. This model can fine-tune and fill the valley by using the peak regulating capacity of thermal power plants and pumped storage devices, so that the whole system has stable power generation and heating capacity. The model is solved by multi-purpose particle swarm optimization algorithm based on maximum total generation and heating rotation and minimum generation and heating slope fluctuation. The calculation results show that the established model can effectively improve the wind and light consumption rates and reduce the peak set pressure of the thermal device.
The Influence of Geological Characteristics on the Surface Potential Distribution of Metro Stray Current
Authors: Jia Lei , Cai Hansheng , Luo Wei , La Yuan , Yang Feng , Wu Yongcong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In recent years, the transformer DC bias phenomenon has often occurred in transformer transformers near subways in China. Due to the serious exceeding of the operating voltage and current, the safe operating state of the transformer and the quality of the power system supply and transmission are threatened. Analyzing the influence of DC bias on the surrounding transformer, the magnitude of the inflow current in the surrounding area can be studied, but the most direct is to study the distribution law of the surface potential in the surrounding area. In this paper, a simulation model is established based on the field geological characteristics of a certain area in Guangzhou, and the surface potential is calculated through the model, and then the correctness of the simulation model is verified by the surface potential data measured on the spot. The simulation model analyzes the influence of different soil structures on the surface potential of subway lines and groundwater systems. The results show that compared with the factor of rail burial depth and the resistivity factor of the river, the soil resistivity has a greater influence on the surface potential, and the surface potential is greater when the soil resistivity is greater.
Simulation Model and Performance Analysis for Distributed Compressed Air Energy Storage under Off-design Conditions
Authors: Zhu Zhichao , Du Xili , Di Yanqiang , Chen Xiaotao , Chen Laijun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The dual carbon target in China, which is set to improve the low carbon and economy of regional microgrid (villages in northwest China for example) energy consumption, is proposed to use compressed air energy storage to improve the utilization rate of distributed new energy and reduce the cost of power purchase to the upper power grid. Therefore, the system dynamic characteristics simulation and performance analysis under wide working conditions are very important for improving the utilization rate of new energy. Firstly, the operation characteristics of the compression subsystem and turbine subsystem under wide working conditions are analyzed. Secondly, the mathematical models of the compression subsystem, turbine subsystem, throttle valve, and air storage chamber in the distributed compressed air energy storage system are established. Finally, the dynamic characteristics of energy storage and energy release under different working conditions of the system are studied through simulation. The simulation results show that under the condition of the high mass flow rate, the pressure of the air storage chamber can be increased by 8.29 MPa, and the temperature can be increased by 82 °C. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the system design of distributed compressed air energy storage.
A Power Flow Calculation Method Considering High-order Load Models
Authors: Pang Weichao , Qi Fujun , Wang Jun , Zhao Fuqiang , Song Qijun , Pan Xingyu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Given the popularity of new energy and the connection between large power electronic equipment and power system, the operation of power system becomes more complex and requires higher accuracy of power flow calculation. Therefore, a power flow calculation method considering high-order load model is proposed. On the basis of the Newton-Raphson method, when considering the load voltage characteristics, it is necessary to change the variables in the Newton-Raphson method power flow. Therefore, the established polynomial load model is introduced into the Newton-Raphson method, and the effect becomes more obvious with the increase of the order. Finally, constant power, constant current, constant impedance load and fifth order load models are tested in IEEE14-bus system respectively to verify the good accuracy and robustness of the proposed method.
Optimized allocation of distributed generation considering battery energy storage batteries and photovoltaic
Authors: Xin HaoKuo , Jiang Minglei , Lu Yu , Zhang Ying , Yu WenFang , Jin XinLong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The access of distributed generator (DG) to the distribution network becomes a voltage support point, which is conducive to optimizing the power flow and reducing the losses in the distribution network. The volatility of DG increases the uncertainty of grid operation and increases the difficulty of distribution grid operation control. To address the above contradictions, this paper researches the optimal allocation of distributed power sources. A bi-level optimal allocation model that integrates planning and operation is established. The upper takes the economic optimization of the distribution company as the target, while the lower layer optimizes the DG allocation scheme with minimum network loss and passes the target value to the upper layer to make the distribution network economically optimal. The DG output scenario generation method based on kernel density estimation and k-means clustering addresses the uncertainty of DG active power output. A computational analysis is carried out based on a typical 10kV distribution network with PV as an example to verify the validity of the model.
Day-ahead Optimal Scheduling Strategy of Biomass-based Integrated Energy System
Authors: Gao Junyan , Wang Peihong , Zhao Gang , Wang Minli , Gong Chaoyu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Under the background of carbon neutrality, biomass-based integrated energy systems are gradually becoming a hot spot for research. This paper uses a multi-energy flow biomass-based integrated energy system of electricity, heat, gas, and fertilizer as the research object. Firstly, the characteristics of the main equipment of the system are analyzed, and the corresponding mathematical model is established. Secondly, with the integrated goal of maximizing net operating profit and CO2 emission reduction, a day-ahead operation optimization model of a biomass-centered integrated energy system is established. Finally, the advantages of the proposed system and the characteristics of each equipment output in the day-ahead dispatch are analyzed based on the calculation examples.
Study on the Energizing Mode of Marine Seven-Phase Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motor
Authors: Long Ping , Xie Wei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The permanent magnet brushless DC propulsion motor is highly efficient and energy-saving and can be widely used in the electric propulsion system of ships. Therefore, taking the marine seven-phase permanent magnet brushless DC propulsion motor as the main research object, the basic structure of the motor is analyzed, the states of the seven-phase conduction, six-phase conduction, and five-phase conduction modes are listed, and mathematical models of the three different conduction modes are studied. Finally, the current fluctuation of the six-phase conduction mode is smaller through simulation. The speed is more stable, and the advantages are greater, which provides a reference for the application of a seven-phase permanent magnet brushless DC propulsion motor in marine power.
Research on LC parallel resonant circuit
Authors: Zhang Bin , Wang Xuhong , Zhang Yiming 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper introduces the resonant condition of LC parallel resonant circuit and the resonant condition under ideal condition. Through the combination of calculation and simulation, the analysis of the actual resonant circuit, which makes the waveform sine is affected, the distortion of the parameters. Combined with the full-response resonant circuit with sinusoidal excitation source of the same frequency, the parameters that affect the optimal resonant state when the circuit is at a fixed resonant frequency are derived. Finally, the above theory is verified by experiment, and the characteristics of LC parallel resonant circuit are obtained.