bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
$$(\omega ,Q)$$-periodic mild solutions for a class of semilinear abstract differential equations and applications to Hopfield-type neural network model
Authors: Alvarez E. , Díaz S. , Grau R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the existence and uniqueness of $$(\omega ,Q)$$

(
ω
,
Q
)

-periodic mild solutions for the following problem $$\begin{aligned} x'(t)=Ax(t)+f(t,x(t)),\quad t\in \mathbb {R}, \end{aligned}$$

x
′

(
t
)

=
A
x

(
t
)

+
f

(
t
,
x

(
t
)

)

,

t
∈
R
,

on a Banach space X. Here, A is a closed linear operator which generates an exponentially stable $$C_0$$

C
0

-semigroup and the nonlinearity f satisfies suitable properties. The approaches are based on the well-known Banach contraction principle. In addition, a sufficient criterion is established for the existence and uniqueness of $$(\omega ,Q)$$

(
ω
,
Q
)

-periodic mild solutions to the Hopfield-type neural network model.
Bronchitis, COPD, and pneumonia after viral endemic of patients with leprosy on Sorok Island in South Korea
Authors: Lee Jong Hoon , Kanwar Badar , Khattak Asif , Altschuler Eric , Sergi Consolato , Lee So Jeong , Choi Su-Hee , Park Jungwuk , Coleman Michael , Bourbeau Jean 
Published: February 2023

AbstractViral respiratory diseases (VRDs) cause lung inflammation and inflammatory cytokine production. We study whether dapsone is responsible for its observed preventive treatment effects of the sustained viral RNA interferon response. Around 2008 and 2012, Korea’s Dementia Management Act stipulated drastic changes in the administration of dementia medication by medical staff. Participants were randomized and we compared leprosy patients with VRDs after prescribing dapsone as a standard treatment from 2005 to 2019. Significance was evaluated based on the dapsone-prescribed (+) subgroup and the dapsone-unprescribed (−) subgroup of the VRD diagnosed (+) and VRD undiagnosed (−) subgroup. We analyzed VRD ( +)/(− with dapsone (+)/(−) group and used a T-test, and designed the equation of acetylation with dapsone and acetylcholine (AA) equation. The 6394 VRD participants who received the dapsone intervention compared to the 3255 VRD participants in the control group demonstrated at T2 VRD (+) dapsone (−) (mean (M) = 224.80, SD = 97.50): T3 VRD (−) dapsone (+) (M = 110.87, SD = 103.80), proving that VRD is low when dapsone is taken and high when it is not taken. Thetvalue is 3.10, and thepvalue is 0.004395 (significant atp < 0.05). After an increase in VRDs peaked in 2009, bronchitis, COPD, and pneumonia surged in 2013. The AA equation was strongly negatively correlated with the prevalence of bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): with bronchitis,r(15) =  −0.823189,p = 0.005519, and with COPD,r(15) =  −0.8161,p = 0.000207 (significant atp < 0.05). Dapsone treated both bronchitis and COPD. This study provides theoretical clinical data to limit acetylcholine excess during the VRD pandemic for bronchitis, COPD, and pneumonia.
A Proof of the Fusion Rules Theorem
Authors: Liu Jianqi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe prove that the space of intertwining operators associated with certain admissible modules over vertex operator algebras is isomorphic to a quotient of the vector space of conformal blocks on a three-pointed rational curve defined by the same data. This provides a new proof and alternative version of Frenkel and Zhu’s fusion rules theorem, in terms of the dimension of certain bimodules over Zhu’s algebra, without the assumption of rationality.
Bone Microarchitecture and Strength Changes During Teriparatide and Zoledronic Acid Treatment in a Patient with Pregnancy and Lactation-Associated Osteoporosis with Multiple Vertebral Fractures
Authors: Treurniet Sanne , Bevers Melissa S. A. M. , Wyers Caroline E. , Micha Dimitra , Teunissen Bernd P. , Elting Mariet W. , van den Bergh Joop P. , Eekhoff Elisabeth M. W. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPregnancy- and lactation-associated osteoporosis (PLO) is a rare form of osteoporosis, of which the pathogenesis and best treatment options are unclear. In this report, we describe the case of a 34-year old woman diagnosed with severe osteoporosis and multiple vertebral fractures after her first pregnancy, who was subsequently treated with teriparatide (TPTD) and zoledronic acid (ZA). We describe the clinical features, imaging examination, and genetic analysis. Substantial improvements were observed in areal and volumetric bone mineral density (BMD), microarchitecture, and strength between 7 and 40 months postpartum as assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the total hip and spine and by high-resolution peripheral quantitative CT at the distal radius and tibiae. At the hip, spine, and distal radius, these improvements were mainly enabled by treatment with TPTD and ZA, while at the distal tibiae, physiological recovery and postpartum physiotherapy due to leg pain after stumbling may have played a major role. Additionally, the findings show that, despite the improvements, BMD, microarchitecture, and strength remained severely impaired in comparison with healthy age- and gender-matched controls at 40 months postpartum. Genetic analysis showed no monogenic cause for osteoporosis, and it is suggested that PLO in this woman could have a polygenic origin with possible susceptibility based on familiar occurrence of osteoporosis.
Evidence of phenotypic plasticity in Alloteuthis media (Linnaeus, 1758) from morphological analyses on North Sea specimens and DNA barcoding of the genus Alloteuthis Wülker, 1920 across its latitudinal range
Authors: Sheerin Edel , Power Anne Marie , Oesterwind Daniel , Haak David , Abad Esther , Barnwall Leigh , Petroni Michael , Sobrino Ignacio , Valeiras Julio , Allcock A. Louise 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDespite being landed in commercial cephalopod fisheries, species of Alloteuthis are not yet well defined, with A. subulata and A. media often confused. DNA barcoding combined with morphometric analyses has begun to clarify the distinction between these two morphologically similar species but has been limited in its geographic coverage to date. Herein, we provide DNA barcodes for 228 specimens collected from Guinea Bissau in the south, up the Atlantic coast, to the Irish shelf and North Sea. Employing species delimitation analyses, and with comparison to the literature, we identified 24 individuals of A. africana, 66 individuals of A. subulata and 138 individuals of A. media. We confirm that A. media has the northernmost distribution and is the only species identified by DNA sequencing from the Irish shelf and North Sea. We analysed morphometric measures and indices from 388 individuals from the North Sea, a subset of which (n = 58) were barcoded. The most useful traits for identification were tail length as a percentage of dorsal mantle length, and largest club sucker width as a percentage of head width. By comparison to other published data, we determined that A. media phenotypes vary substantially across the geographic range of this species. This partly explains the difficulties in morphological identification and suggests regional identification guides may be required in support of fisheries management. Interregional analyses suggest character displacement may occur where species co-exist.
Preparation of polyclonal anti-Schistosoma mansoni cysteine protease antibodies for early diagnosis
Authors: Farid Alyaa 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In many parts of the tropics, schistosomiasis is a major parasitic disease second only to malaria as a cause of morbidity and mortality. Diagnostic approaches include microscopic sampling of excreta such as the Kato-Katz method, radiography, and serology. Due to their vital role in many stages of the parasitic life cycle, proteases have been under investigation as targets of immunological or chemotherapeutic anti-Schistosoma agents. Five major classes of protease have been identified on the basis of the peptide hydrolysis mechanism: serine, cysteine, aspartic, threonine, and metalloproteases. Proteases of all five catalytic classes have been identified from S. mansoni through proteomic or genetic analysis. The study aimed to produce polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) against schistosomal cysteine proteases (CP) to be used in the diagnosis of schistosomiasis. This study was conducted on S. mansoni-infected patients from highly endemic areas and from outpatients’ clinic and hospitals and other patients infected with other parasites (Fasciola, hookworm, hydatid, and trichostrongyloids). In this study, the produced polyclonal antibodies against S. mansoni cysteine protease antigens were labeled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugate and used to detect CP antigens in stool and serum samples of S. mansoni-infected patients by sandwich ELISA.
The study involved 200 S. mansoni-infected patients (diagnosed by finding characteristic eggs in the collected stool samples), 100 patients infected with other parasites (Fasciola, hookworm, hydatid, and trichostrongyloids), and 100 individuals who served as parasite-free healthy negative control. The prepared pAb succeeded in detecting CP antigens in stool and serum samples of S. mansoni-infected patients by sandwich ELISA with a sensitivity of 98.5% and 98.0% respectively. A positive correlation was observed between S. mansoni egg counts and both stool and serum antigen concentrations. Purified 27.5 kDa CP could be introduced as a suitable candidate antigen for early immunodiagnosis using sandwich ELISA for antigen detection.

Key points
• Detection of cysteine protease antigens can replace parasitological examination.
• Sandwich ELISA has a higher sensitivity than microscopic examination of eggs.
• Identification of antigens is important for the goal of obtaining diagnostic tools.
Congenital atlanto-occipital dislocation in a patient with Down syndrome: a case report
Authors: Onodera Ryoko , Sakamoto Ryuji , Taniguchi Yuki , Hirai Shima , Matsubayashi Yoshitaka , Kato So , Oshima Yasushi , Tanaka Sakae 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDown syndrome, also known as trisomy 21, is associated with congenital cervical spine abnormalities, including atlantoaxial instability with or without os odontoideum, atlanto-occipital instability, and hypoplasia of the atlas. Herein, we report a case of Down syndrome complicated by congenital atlanto-occipital dislocation. The patient presented with severe cervical myelopathy at 13 years of age after a 10-year follow-up. Radiography and computed tomography revealed os odontoideum protruding into the foramen magnum and congenital anterior atlanto-occipital dislocation. Additionally, a bifurcated internal occipital crest with a thinned central portion of the occipital bone was noted. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed kyphotic alignment of the spinal cord with severe compression at the foramen magnum level. As the neurological impairment was partially improved by halo vest immobilization, we performed in situ O-C2 fusion with an iliac autograft and decompression of the foramen magnum and posterior arch of C1. An improvement was observed immediately after surgery. Two years after surgery, radiography and computed tomography showed solid O-C2 segment fusion. The accumulation of similar cases is essential for determining the prognosis or optimal treatment for this rare congenital condition.
Secretin modulates appetite via brown adipose tissue-brain axis
Authors: Sun Lihua , Laurila Sanna , Lahesmaa Minna , Rebelos Eleni , Virtanen Kirsi A. , Schnabl Katharina , Klingenspor Martin , Nummenmaa Lauri , Nuutila Pirjo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Secretin activates brown adipose tissue (BAT) and induces satiation in both mice and humans. However, the exact brain mechanism of this satiety inducing, secretin-mediated gut-BAT-brain axis is largely unknown.

Methods and results
In this placebo-controlled, single-blinded neuroimaging study, firstly using [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET measures (n = 15), we established that secretin modulated brain glucose consumption through the BAT-brain axis. Predominantly, we found that BAT and caudate glucose uptake levels were negatively correlated (r = -0.54, p = 0.037) during secretin but not placebo condition. Then, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI; n = 14), we found that secretin improved inhibitory control and downregulated the brain response to appetizing food images. Finally, in a PET-fMRI fusion analysis (n = 10), we disclosed the patterned correspondence between caudate glucose uptake and neuroactivity to reward and inhibition, showing that the secretin-induced neurometabolic coupling patterns promoted satiation.

Conclusion
These findings suggest that secretin may modulate the BAT-brain metabolic crosstalk and subsequently the neurometabolic coupling to induce satiation. The study advances our understanding of the secretin signaling in motivated eating behavior and highlights the potential role of secretin in treating eating disorders and obesity.

Trial registration
EudraCT no. 2016-002373-35, registered 2 June 2016; Clinical Trials no. NCT03290846, registered 25 September 2017.
Overcoming cancer-associated fibroblast-induced immunosuppression by anti-interleukin-6 receptor antibody
Authors: Nishiwaki Noriyuki , Noma Kazuhiro , Ohara Toshiaki , Kunitomo Tomoyoshi , Kawasaki Kento , Akai Masaaki , Kobayashi Teruki , Narusaka Toru , Kashima Hajime , Sato Hiroaki , Komoto Satoshi , Kato Takuya , Maeda Naoaki , Kikuchi Satoru , Tanabe Shunsuke , Tazawa Hiroshi , Shirakawa Yasuhiro , Fujiwara Toshiyoshi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a critical component of the tumor microenvironment and play a central role in tumor progression. Previously, we reported that CAFs might induce tumor immunosuppression via interleukin-6 (IL-6) and promote tumor progression by blocking local IL-6 in the tumor microenvironment with neutralizing antibody. Here, we explore whether an anti-IL-6 receptor antibody could be used as systemic therapy to treat cancer, and further investigate the mechanisms by which IL-6 induces tumor immunosuppression. In clinical samples, IL-6 expression was significantly correlated with α-smooth muscle actin expression, and high IL-6 cases showed tumor immunosuppression. Multivariate analysis showed that IL-6 expression was an independent prognostic factor. In vitro, IL-6 contributed to cell proliferation and differentiation into CAFs. Moreover, IL-6 increased hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) expression and induced tumor immunosuppression by enhancing glucose uptake by cancer cells and competing for glucose with immune cells. MR16-1, a rodent analog of anti-IL-6 receptor antibody, overcame CAF-induced immunosuppression and suppressed tumor progression in immunocompetent murine cancer models by regulating HIF1α activation in vivo. The anti-IL-6 receptor antibody could be systemically employed to overcome tumor immunosuppression and improve patient survival with various cancers. Furthermore, the tumor immunosuppression was suggested to be induced by IL-6 via HIF1α activation.
Magnesium‐Based Compression Screws in Acute Scaphoid Fractures and Nonunions
Authors: Könneker Sören , Schächinger Ulrich , Vogt Peter M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundMagnesium‐based bioabsorbable osteosynthesis material continues to receive increasing attention. The following study documents our experience with bioabsorbable magnesium screws in scaphoid fracture treatment in hopes to capture further evidence and successful application.MethodsEight acute scaphoid fractures and four nonunions were treated with the magnesium‐based bioabsorbable compression screw MAGNEZIX®. Objective outcome was assessed by X‐ray imaging and/or CT scan for bone healing. Clinical assessment was achieved using the modified Mayo Wrist Score. Patient‐reported outcome measure was performed threefold via QuickDASH, PRWE, and EQ‐5D‐5L questionnaires in all patients. Follow‐up was 32.5 months (SD 18.7) in the acute fracture group and 31 months (SD 7.4) in the nonunion group.ResultsBone healing was achieved in all eight patients with acute scaphoid fractures and in three of four patients with scaphoid nonunion. The modified Mayo Wrist Score was 95 (SD 7.1) in fractures and 80 (SD 7.1) in nonunion patients during follow‐up. QuickDASH score was 3.9 (SD 5.8) in fracture and 19.3 (SD 10.6) in nonunion patients. All but one patient (87,5%) with scaphoid fractures presented with a full health state during follow‐up (EQ‐5D‐5L). Nonunion patients had problems in 10 out of 19 dimensions in EQ‐5D‐5L. Acute fractures presented with a score of 3.9 (SD 7.9) and nonunions with a score of 19.7 (SD 32.4) in PRWE total scoring during follow‐up.ConclusionsMagnesium‐based implants have excellent clinical outcomes when used for scaphoid fractures in eight presented cases and good to moderate clinical outcomes when used for nonunions in three of four presented cases. Additional studies are required to further analyze the differentiated applicability in scaphoid nonunion as well as overall performance when compared to non‐absorbable screws in larger cohorts.
Midbrain and pons MRI shape analysis and its clinical and CSF correlates in degenerative parkinsonisms: a pilot study
Authors: Painous C. , Pascual-Diaz S. , Muñoz-Moreno E. , Sánchez V. , Pariente JC. , Prats-Galino A. , Soto M. , Fernández M. , Pérez-Soriano A. , Camara A. , Muñoz E. , Valldeoriola F. , Caballol N. , Pont-Sunyer C. , Martin N. , Basora M. , Tio M. , Rios J. , Martí MJ. , Bargalló N. , Compta Y. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo conduct brainstem MRI shape analysis across neurodegenerative parkinsonisms and control subjects (CS), along with its association with clinical and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) correlates.MethodologyWe collected demographic and clinical variables, performed planimetric and shape MRI analyses, and determined CSF neurofilament-light chain (NfL) levels in 84 participants: 11 CS, 12 with Parkinson’s disease (PD), 26 with multiple system atrophy (MSA), 21 with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and 14 with corticobasal degeneration (CBD).ResultsMSA featured the most extensive and significant brainstem shape narrowing (that is, atrophy), mostly in the pons. CBD presented local atrophy in several small areas in the pons and midbrain compared to PD and CS. PSP presented local atrophy in small areas in the posterior and upper midbrain as well as the rostral pons compared to MSA. Our findings of planimetric MRI measurements and CSF NfL levels replicated those from previous literature. Brainstem shape atrophy correlated with worse motor state in all parkinsonisms and with higher NfL levels in MSA, PSP, and PD.ConclusionAtypical parkinsonisms present different brainstem shape patterns which correlate with clinical severity and neuronal degeneration. In MSA, shape analysis could be further explored as a potential diagnostic biomarker. By contrast, shape analysis appears to have a rather limited discriminant value in PSP.Key Points•Atypical parkinsonisms present different brainstem shape patterns.•Shape patterns correlate with clinical severity and neuronal degeneration.•In MSA, shape analysis could be further explored as a potential diagnostic biomarker.
Glutathione Transferases are Involved in Salicylic Acid-Induced Transcriptional Reprogramming
Authors: Horváth Edit , Bela Krisztina , Kulman Kitti , Faragó Nóra , Riyazuddin Riyazuddin , Gallé Ágnes , Puskás László G. , Csiszár Jolán 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSalicylic acid (SA) plays a crucial role not only in defence against pathogen attacks, but also in abiotic stress responses. Recently, some key steps of SA signalling outlined the importance of redox state-dependent processes. This study explores the role of glutathione transferases (GSTs) in the transcriptional reprogramming of redox status-related genes in seven-day-old wild type and Atgst mutant Arabidopsis thaliana plants. The timing of redox changes, detected by the redox-sensitive green fluorescent protein (roGFP2), differed in wild type roots treated with 10 μM or 100 μM SA. Our results verified how the applied SA concentrations had different effect on the expression of oxidative stress- and redox-related genes, among them on the expression of AtGSTF8 and AtGSTU19 genes. Lower vitality and less negative EGSH values were specific characteristics of the Atgst mutants compared to the wild type plants throughout the experiment. Changes in the redox potential were only modest in the mutants after SA treatments. A slightly modified gene expression pattern was observed in control conditions and after 1 h of SA treatments in Atgst mutants compared to Col-0 roots. These data originating from the whole roots provide indirect evidence for the role of the investigated AtGSTF8 and AtGSTU19 isoenzymes in the transduction of the redox signal. Our results demonstrate that the investigated Arabidopsis GSTs have a role in maintaining the levels of reactive oxygen species- and redox homeostasis and are involved in transcriptional reprogramming in the roots.
The utility of sonographic signs to diagnose simple and complicated appendicitis in children
Authors: Tong Lauren , Nataraja Ramesh M. , VanHaltren Keith , Sulaksana Tania H. , Vinycomb Toby I. , Pacilli Maurizio 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Acute appendicitis is classified into simple (SA) and complicated (CA). Ultrasound scans (USS) can be useful in clinically equivocal cases, by visualising primary and secondary signs. This study explores the utility of sonographic signs to diagnose and differentiate appendicitis in children.

Methods
Single-centre retrospective cohort study over a 2-year period. Consecutive USS for suspected appendicitis were included; sonographic signs were extracted from standardised institutional worksheets. USS results were compared with pre-defined intraoperative criteria for SA and CA, confirmed with histological analysis. Data are reported as median [interquartile range], percentages (number), area under the curve (AUC), conventional diagnostic formulae and adjusted odds ratios following multiple logistic regression (p < 0.05 considered significant).

Results
A total of 934 USS were included, with median age 10.7 [8.0–13.4] years, majority were female (54%). One quarter (n = 226) had SA, 12% (n = 113) had CA, 61% (n = 571) had no appendectomy and 3% (n = 24) had negative appendicectomy. Appendix visualisation rate on USS was 61% (n = 569), with 62% (n = 580) having a conclusive report. Sonographic signs suggesting appendicitis included an appendiceal diameter > 7 mm (AUC 0.92, [95% CI: 0.90–0.94]), an appendicolith (p = 0.003), hyperaemia (p = 0.001), non-compressibility (p = 0.029) and no luminal gas (p = 0.004). Secondary sonographic signs included probe tenderness (p < 0.001) and peri-appendiceal echogenic fat (p < 0.001). Sonographic signs suggesting CA over SA comprised a diameter > 10.1 mm (AUC 0.63, [95% CI: 0.57–0.69]), an appendicolith (p = 0.003) and peri-appendiceal fluid (p = 0.004).

Conclusion
Presence of specific sonographic signs can aid diagnosis and differentiation of simple and complicated appendicitis in children.