bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age- and sex-based normal reference ranges of the cardiac time intervals: the Copenhagen City Heart Study
Authors: Alhakak Alia Saed , Olsen Flemming Javier , Skaarup Kristoffer Grundtvig , Lassen Mats Christian Højbjerg , Johansen Niklas Dyrby , Jørgensen Peter Godsk , Abildgaard Ulrik , Jensen Gorm Boje , Schnohr Peter , Søgaard Peter , Møgelvang Rasmus , Biering-Sørensen Tor 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Color tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) M-mode can be used to measure the cardiac time intervals including the isovolumic contraction time (IVCT), the left ventricular ejection time (LVET), the isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT), and the combination of all the cardiac time intervals in the myocardial performance index (MPI) defined as [(IVCT + IVRT)/LVET]. The aim of this study was to establish normal age- and sex-based reference ranges for the cardiac time intervals.

Methods and results
A total of 1969 participants free of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors from the general population with limited age range underwent an echocardiographic examination including TDI. The median age was 46 years (25th–75th percentile: 33–58 years), and 61.5% were females. In the entire study population, the IVCT was observed to be 40 ± 10 ms [95% prediction interval (PI) 20–59 ms], the LVET 292 ± 23 ms (95% PI 248–336 ms), the IVRT 96 ± 19 ms (95% PI 59–134 ms) and MPI 0.47 ± 0.09 (95% PI 0.29–0.65). All the cardiac time intervals differed significantly between females and males. With increasing age, the IVCT increased in females, but not in males. The LVET did not change with age in both sexes, while the IVRT increased in both sexes with increasing age. Furthermore, we developed regression equations relating the heart rate to the cardiac time intervals and age- and sex-based normal reference ranges corrected for heart rate.

Conclusion
In this study, we established normal age- and sex-based reference ranges for the cardiac time intervals. These normal reference ranges differed significantly with sex.

Graphical abstract
Großer Hype um ChatGPT in der Medizin
Authors: Haverkamp W. , Strodthoff N. , Tennenbaum J. , Israel C. 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungChatGPT, ein auf einem großen künstlichen Sprachmodell basierender Chatbot, erregt derzeit viel Aufmerksamkeit. Moderne, auf komplexen neuronalen Netzwerken beruhende Architekturen (sog. Transformer) erlauben ChatGPT, nahezu beliebige Fragen zu beantworten, Zusammenfassungen anzufertigen, zu übersetzen und eigenständig Texte zu generieren. All dies in einem auf Texteingaben basierenden Dialog mit dem Nutzer. Die zugrundeliegenden Technologien mit dem Akronym NLP (Natural Language Processing) gehen in die 1960er-Jahre zurück. In fast allen Bereichen weckt ChatGPT derzeit viele Hoffnungen. Medizinische Examina besteht ChatGPT problemlos; auch über einen Einsatz in Patientenbetreuung, Diagnostik und Therapie und der medizinischen Wissenschaft wird diskutiert. Die fast grenzenlose Begeisterung, die manche Medizinier dieser neuen Technik entgegenbringen, verwundert. Das System weiß zwar enorm viel, aber nicht alles; auch nicht alles, was es ausgibt, stimmt auch. Jede Ausgabe muss auf ihre Richtigkeit hin vom Nutzer sorgfältig kontrolliert werden – oft nicht einfach, da Quellenangaben fehlen. Auch existieren datenschutzrechtliche und ethisch-moralische Probleme. Heutige Sprachmodelle sind nicht frei von Vorurteilen und systematischer Verzerrung. Diese Unzulänglichkeiten haben Stimmen laut werden lassen, die eine stärkere Regulierung des Einsatzes von ChatGPT fordern.Potenzieller Nutzen und kommerzielle Aspekte dürften dazu führen, dass sich große Sprachmodelle wie ChatGPT zunehmend verbreiten werden. In unserem beruflichen Alltag werden sie immer mehr Platz einnehmen – auch in der Rhythmologie. Zukünftig wird es vor allem darauf ankommen, die Modelle fehlerfreier und transparenter zu gestalten sowie die Regeln für ihre Nutzung klar zu definieren. Eine verantwortungsvolle Nutzung erfordert systematische Schulungen zur Verbesserung der digitalen Kompetenz der Nutzer, einschließlich der Ärzte, die solche Programme einsetzen.
A comprehensive genomic study of 390 H3F3A-mutant pediatric and adult diffuse high-grade gliomas, CNS WHO grade 4
Authors: Williams Erik A. , Brastianos Priscilla K. , Wakimoto Hiroaki , Zolal Amir , Filbin Mariella G. , Cahill Daniel P. , Santagata Sandro , Juratli Tareq A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMalignant brain tumors, known as H3K27-altered diffuse midline glioma (DMG) and H3G34-mutant diffuse hemispheric glioma (DHG), can affect individuals of all ages and are classified as CNS WHO grade 4. We comprehensively characterized 390 H3F3A-mutant diffuse gliomas (201 females, 189 males) arising in pediatric patients (under 20 years old) and adults (20 years and older) evaluated by the CGP program at Foundation Medicine between 2013 and 2020. We assessed information from pathology reports, histopathology review, and clinical data. The cohort included 304 H3K27M-mutant DMG (156 females, 148 males) and 86 H3G34-mutant DHG (45 females, 41 males). Median patient age was 20 years (1–74 years). The frequency of H3K27M-mutant DMG was similar in both pediatric and adult patients in our cohort—48.6% of the patients were over 20 years old, 31.5% over 30, and 18% over 40 at initial diagnosis. FGFR1 hotspot point mutations (N546K and K656E) were exclusively identified in H3K27M-mutant DMG tumors (64/304, 21%; p = 0.0001); these tend to occur in older patients (median age: 32.5 years) and mainly arose in the diencephalon. H3K27M-mutant DMG had higher rates of mutations in NF1 (31.0 vs 8.1%; p = 0.0001) and PIK3CA/PIK3R1 (27.9% vs 15.1%; p = 0.016) compared to H3G34-mutant DHG. However, H3G34-mutant DHG had higher rates of targetable alterations in cell-cycle pathway genes (CDK4 and CDK6 amplification; CDKN2A/B deletion) (27.0 vs 9.0%). Potentially targetable PDGFRA alterations were identified in ~ 20% of both H3G34-mutant DHG and H3K27M-mutant DMG. Overall, in the present study H3K27M-mutant DMG occurred at similar rates in both adult and patient patients. Through our analysis, we were able to identify molecular features characteristic of DMG and DHG. By identifying the recurrent co-mutations including actionable FGFR1 point mutations found in nearly one-third of H3K27M-mutant DMG in young adults, our findings can inform clinical translational studies, patient diagnosis, and clinical trial design.
Factors controlling reaction pathways during fluid–rock interactions
Authors: Filiberto Lorena H. , Putnis Christine V. , Julia Maude 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPotential fluid pathways for fluid–rock interactions and the factors controlling these pathways have been investigated experimentally by simulating hydrothermal conditions, using sample cubes of Carrara Marble (calcite) and an anorthosite (plagioclase) rock in different solutions (pure water, sodium chloride, artificial seawater, sodium phosphate and sodium silicate) at 200 °C. Analytical techniques including SEM, Raman Spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and Electron Microprobe Analysis were used to characterize fluid-induced reactions. Results show aqueous fluids can penetrate grain boundaries within rocks and, dependent on fluid and solid compositions, coupled replacement reactions can occur. The available fluid volume for the reaction in a grain boundary versus the bulk fluid can influence replacement reaction pathways. When 0.1 M Na2HPO4 was used with Carrara Marble, or a Na-silicate solution was used with anorthosite, the replacement of calcite by hydroxylapatite or labradorite by albite, respectively, occurred along the grain boundaries of both rock types. In the experiments using seawater, the replacement of calcite by Mg-carbonates occurred predominantly from the sides of the cube samples and the grain boundaries were minimally affected within the timescale of the experiments (1–3 months). With 1 M Na2HPO4, hydroxylapatite precipitated both along the marble grain boundaries and the sample sides. Models based on experimental observations and PhreeqC simulations highlight the importance of grain boundaries and interconnected porosity in fluid-induced reactions. Such factors play an important role in the kinetics and relative solubilities of rock systems by changing the conditions at the interfacial fluid–mineral boundary layer that will determine initial dissolution or precipitation and whether the supersaturation of a product phase is reached.
Preoperative planning and intraoperative real-time navigation with indocyanine green fluorescence in robotic liver surgery
Authors: Rompianesi Gianluca , Pegoraro Francesca , Ramaci Lorenzo , Ceresa Carlo DL , Montalti Roberto , Troisi Roberto I 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
We aimed at exploring indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence wide spectrum of applications in hepatobiliary surgery as can result particularly useful in robotic liver resections (RLR) in order to overcome some technical limitations, increasing safety, and efficacy.

Methods
We describe our experience of 76 RLR performed between March 2020 and December 2022 exploring all the possible applications of pre- and intraoperative ICG administration.

Results
Hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal liver metastases were the most common indications for RLR (34.2% and 26.7% of patients, respectively), and 51.3% of cases were complex resections with high IWATE difficulty scores. ICG was administered preoperatively in 61 patients (80.3%), intraoperatively in 42 patients (55.3%) and in both contexts in 25 patients (32.9%), with no observed adverse events. The most frequent ICG goal was to achieve tumor enhancement (59 patients, 77.6%), with a success rate of 94.9% and the detection of 3 additional malignant lesions. ICG facilitated evaluation of the resection margin for residual tumor and perfusion adequacy in 33.9% and 32.9% of cases, respectively, mandating a resection enlargement in 7.9% of patients. ICG fluorescence allowed the identification of the transection plane through negative staining in the 25% of cases. Vascular and biliary structures were visualized in 21.1% and 9.2% of patients, with a success rate of 81.3% and 85.7%, respectively.

Conclusion
RLR can benefit from the routine integration of ICG fluoresce evaluation according to each individual patient and condition-specific goals and issues, allowing liver functional assessment, anatomical and vascular evaluation, tumor detection, and resection margins assessment.
Clinical and self-reported markers of reproductive function in female survivors of childhood Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Drechsel K. C. E. , Broer S. L. , Stoutjesdijk F. S. , Twisk J. W. R. , van den Berg M. H. , Lambalk C. B. , van Leeuwen F. E. , Overbeek A. , van den Heuvel-Eibrink M. M. , van Dorp W. , de Vries A. C. H. , Loonen J. J. , van der Pal H. J. , Kremer L. C. , Tissing W. J. , Versluys B. , Kaspers G. J. L. , van Dulmen-den Broeder E. , Veening M. A. ,   the LATER-VEVO study group
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the impact of treatment for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) on clinical reproductive markers and pregnancy outcomes.

Methods
This study was embedded within the DCOG LATER-VEVO study; a Dutch, multicenter, retrospective cohort study between 2004 and 2014. Serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), inhibin B, antral follicle count (AFC), and self-reported (first) pregnancy outcomes were evaluated in female childhood HL survivors and controls.

Results
84 HL survivors and 798 controls were included, aged 29.6 and 32.7 years old at time of assessment. Median age at HL diagnosis was 13.4 years. Cyclophosphamide equivalent dose (CED-score) exceeded 6000 mg/m2 in 56 women and 14 survivors received pelvic irradiation.
All clinical markers were significantly deteriorated in survivors (odds-ratio for low AMH (< p10) 10.1 [95% CI 4.9; 20.6]; low AFC (< p10) 4.6 [95% CI 2.1; 9.9]; elevated FSH (> 10 IU/l) 15.3 [95% CI 5.7; 41.1], low Inhibin B (< 20 ng/l) 3.6 [ 95% CI 1.7; 7.7], p < 0.001). Pregnancy outcomes were comparable between survivors and controls (± 80% live birth, ± 20% miscarriage). However, survivors were significantly younger at first pregnancy (27.0 years vs 29.0 years, P = 0.04). Adjusted odds-ratio for time to pregnancy > 12 months was 2.5 [95% CI 1.1; 5.6] in survivors, p = 0.031. Adverse outcomes were specifically present after treatment with procarbazine and higher CED-score.

Conclusion
HL survivors appear to have an impaired ovarian reserve. However, chance to achieve pregnancy seems reassuring at a young age. Additional follow-up studies are needed to assess fertile life span and reproductive potential of HL survivors, in particular for current HL treatments that are hypothesized to be less gonadotoxic.
Almost universally optimal distributed Laplacian solvers via low-congestion shortcuts
Authors: Anagnostides Ioannis , Lenzen Christoph , Haeupler Bernhard , Zuzic Goran , Gouleakis Themis 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we refine the (almost) existentially optimal distributed Laplacian solver of Forster, Goranci, Liu, Peng, Sun, and Ye (FOCS ‘21) into an (almost) universally optimal distributed Laplacian solver. Specifically, when the topology is known (i.e., the Supported-CONGEST model), we show that any Laplacian system on an n-node graph with shortcut quality$$\textrm{SQ}(G)$$

SQ
(
G
)

can be solved after $$n^{o(1)} \text {SQ}(G) \log (1/\epsilon )$$

n

o
(
1
)

SQ

(
G
)

log

(
1
/
ϵ
)

rounds, where $$\epsilon >0$$

ϵ
>
0

is the required accuracy. This almost matches our lower bound that guarantees that any correct algorithm on G requires $$\widetilde{\Omega }(\textrm{SQ}(G))$$

Ω
~

(
SQ

(
G
)

)

rounds, even for a crude solution with $$\epsilon \le 1/2$$

ϵ
≤
1
/
2

. Several important implications hold in the unknown-topology (i.e., standard CONGEST) case: for excluded-minor graphs we get an almost universally optimal algorithm that terminates in $$D \cdot n^{o(1)} \log (1/\epsilon )$$

D
·

n

o
(
1
)

log

(
1
/
ϵ
)

rounds, where D is the hop-diameter of the network; as well as $$n^{o(1)} \log (1/\epsilon )$$

n

o
(
1
)

log

(
1
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ϵ
)

-round algorithms for the case of $$\textrm{SQ}(G) \le n^{o(1)}$$

SQ

(
G
)

≤

n

o
(
1
)

, which holds for most networks of interest. Moreover, following a recent line of work in distributed algorithms, we consider a hybrid communication model which enhances CONGEST with limited global power in the form of the node-capacitated clique model. In this model, we show the existence of a Laplacian solver with round complexity $$n^{o(1)} \log (1/\epsilon )$$

n

o
(
1
)

log

(
1
/
ϵ
)

. The unifying thread of these results, and our main technical contribution, is the development of near-optimal algorithms for a novel $$\rho $$
ρ
-congested generalization of the standard part-wise aggregation problem, which could be of independent interest.
Comparison of clean catch and bag urine using LC–MS/MS proteomics in infants
Authors: Klaus Richard , Barth Teresa K. , Imhof Axel , Thalmeier Franziska , Lange-Sperandio Bärbel 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Urinary proteomics identifies the totality of urinary proteins and can therefore help in getting an early and precise diagnosis of various pathological processes in the kidneys. In infants, non-invasive urine collection is most commonly accomplished with a urine bag or clean catch. The influence of those two collection methods on urinary proteomics was assessed in this study.

Methods
Thirty-two urine samples were collected in infants using urine bag and clean catch within 24 h. Nine boys and seven girls with a mean age of 4.3 ± 2.9 months were included (5 × post-pyelonephritis, 10 × non-kidney disease, 1 × chronic kidney disease (CKD)). Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) was performed in data-independent acquisition (DIA) mode. Protein identification and quantification were achieved using Spectronaut.

Results
A total of 1454 urinary proteins were detected. Albumin and α-1-microglobulin were detected the most. The 18 top-abundant proteins accounted for 50% of total abundance. The number of proteins was slightly, but insignificantly higher in clean catch (957 ± 245) than in bag urine (876 ± 255). The median intensity was 1.2 × higher in the clean catch. Overall, differential detection of proteins was 29% between the collection methods; however, it diminished to 3% in the 96 top-abundant proteins. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was 0.81 ± 0.11, demonstrating a high intraindividual correlation. A principal component analysis and a heat map showed clustering according to diagnoses and patients rather than to the collection method.

Conclusion
Urinary proteomics shows a high correlation with minor variation in low-abundant proteins between the two urine collection methods. The biological characteristics overrule this variation.
Structural and compositional acclimation of forests to extended drought: results of the KROOF throughfall exclusion experiment in Norway spruce and European beech
Authors: Pretzsch Hans , Ahmed Shamim , Rötzer Thomas , Schmied Gerhard , Hilmers Torben 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDrought effects on tree growth and mortality are widely studied, but scant knowledge exists on its impact on stand density, size variation, or mixing proportions. Grasping drought's influence on structural and compositional diversity is crucial for stand dynamics, ecosystem services, and silvicultural adaptation. We relied on KROOF, a 5-year throughfall exclusion experiment in a mature Norway spruce (Picea abies) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica) stand, to analyze its impact on structural and compositional attributes, including Stand Density Index (SDI), Growth Dominance Coefficient (GDC), and species mixing proportion. Our study demonstrates that drought-induced growth reduction and tree loss decreased SDI by 27%, mixing proportion by 41% at Norway spruce’s expense, and homogenized stand structure. Furthermore, we reveal that stand density, mixing proportion, and structural diversity were more affected in Norway spruce, stabilizing growth at the stand level. Extended drought significantly altered growth partitioning in favor of smaller trees, with a 70% reduction in growth-size relationship slope and a 157% decrease in GDC. Species-level analysis indicated a stronger partitioning shift towards smaller trees, particularly in Norway spruce. We discuss that longer drought periods may trigger acclimation at tree and stand levels, potentially underestimated when based solely on individual drought years. Sustained stress could induce acclimation across various levels, from the stand to the species cohort, tree, and organ. Maintaining structural and compositional diversity may mitigate future drought stress effects on growth, mortality, and stand structure, as exemplified by the extended experimental drought. We suggest silvicultural approaches better attuned to natural processes amid climate change.
Leitfaden für das Management von Folgen viraler Erkrankung mit SARS-CoV-2 aus Sicht der Ergotherapie
Authors: Costa Ursula M. 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungFolgen viraler Erkrankung mit SARS-CoV-2 wirken sich auf die biopsychosoziale Gesundheit und damit auf den Alltag Betroffener, deren Handlungs- und Partizipationsmöglichkeiten in sämtlichen Lebensbereichen aus. Ergotherapeut*innen verfügen in sämtlichen Versorgungsphasen über zahlreiche Möglichkeiten in der Auswahl und Gestaltung des Settings, der Interventionsmittel, -maßnahmen und -methoden, um Betroffenen im Hinblick auf größtmögliche Lebensqualität und in einer aktiven Neu-Gestaltung ihres Lebens zu unterstützen. Dieses Dokument bietet diesbezüglich einen Einblick und enthält Empfehlungen für die ergotherapeutische Praxis im Rahmen der bis zum Zeitpunkt der Verfassung verfügbaren Evidenzquellen.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the diagnosis, stage, and treatment of esophagogastric cancer
Authors: Doeve Benthe H. , Bakx Jeanne A. C. , Siersema Peter D. , Rosman Camiel , van Grieken Nicole C. T. , van Berge Henegouwen Mark I. , van Sandick Johanna W. , Verheij Marcel , Bijlsma Maarten F. , Verhoeven Rob H. A. , van Laarhoven Hanneke W. M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the entire global healthcare system, including oncological care. This study investigated the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the diagnosis, stage, and treatment of esophagogastric cancer in the Netherlands.

Methods
Patients diagnosed in 2020 were divided into 5 periods, based on the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Netherlands, and compared to patients diagnosed in the same period in the years 2017–2019. Patient characteristics and treatments were evaluated for esophageal cancer (EC) and gastric cancer (GC) separately.

Results
The number of esophagogastric cancer diagnoses decreased prominently during the first 2 months of the COVID-19 pandemic. During this period, a significantly higher percentage of GC patients was diagnosed with incurable disease (52.5% in 2017–2019 and 67.7% in 2020, p = 0.011). We observed a significant reduction in the percentage of patients with potentially curable EC treated with resection and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (from 35.0% in 2017–2019 to 27.3% in 2020, p < 0.001). Also, patients diagnosed with incurable GC were treated less frequently with a resection (from 4.6% in 2017–2019 to 1.5% in 2020, p = 0.009) in the second half of 2020.

Conclusions
Compared to previous years, the number of esophagogastric cancer diagnoses decreased in the first 2 months of the COVID-19 pandemic, while an increased percentage of patients was diagnosed with incurable disease. Both in the curative and palliative setting, patients were less likely to be treated with a surgical resection.
Perspectives on using ethanol as an internal standard for the quantification of volatile compounds in alcoholic products by headspace SPME–GC/FID without sample preparation
Authors: Korban Anton , Zavoralová Lucie , Čabala Radomír , Egorov Vladimir 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFor the first time, the beneficial “Ethanol as Internal Standard (IS)” method developed for the analysis of alcoholic products was tested in headspace mode of solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (SPME-GC/FID) and compared with the traditional IS method. The extraction and separation conditions were optimized for the analysis of 10 volatile congeners prescribed in European legislation: acetaldehyde, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, methanol, butan-2-ol, propan-1-ol, 2-methylpropan-1-ol (isobutanol), butan-1-ol, 1,1-diethoxyethane (acetal), and 3-methylbutan-1-ol (isoamylol). To evaluate the accuracy of the compared methods, three real alcoholic product samples with ethanol content of 20%, 40%, and 80% v/v were spiked with gravimetrically prepared standard solutions to calculate recoveries. The obtained data indicates that the suggested method can be employed as a robust and accurate tool for SPME analysis of alcoholic products with low ethanol content, such as wines. It was also observed that an increase in ethanol content in the matrix affects the accuracy of the “Ethanol as IS” method, potentially due to non-linearity of analyte extraction. However, in the case of wine sample, the “Ethanol as IS” method showed significantly better results compared to the traditional approach. The precision of the suggested method, evaluated using relative standard deviations (RSD) of obtained concentrations was found to be comparable to that of the traditional method.
Graphical abstract