bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modifications of plant microclimate by plastic mulches reduces Drosophila suzukii infestation
Authors: McIntosh Hanna , Smith Michael Bartlett , Weissner Morgan , Atucha Amaya , Guédot Christelle 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae), is one of the most detrimental pests of small fruit crops worldwide and its control relies heavily on pesticides, so there is a need to develop alternative management practices. Cultural practices that make the microclimate hotter, drier, and brighter than optimal conditions for the pest may be highly effective. In this two-year study, we evaluated how black, white, and metallic plastic mulches influence the raspberry plants’ microclimate to reduce D. suzukii larval infestation of fruit in the canopy and increase mortality of fallen larvae and pupae on the ground. All three plastic mulches reduced D. suzukii larval infestation of fruit by 40–72% and killed 80–100% of larvae and pupae placed on the mulch surface. The mechanisms at play are likely the compounded effects of increased ultraviolet (UV) light, hotter and drier conditions in the low canopy, and hot mulch surface temperature. UV light may be especially important since it reduced D. suzukii oviposition in the lab. Overall, plastic mulches can effectively modify the microclimate to make it less favorable for D. suzukii, reducing infestation in fruit and on the ground.
Treatment regimens, patient reported outcomes and health-related quality of life in children with moderate and severe haemophilia A in China: using real-world data
Authors: zhang peng , Zhang Luying , Chen Wen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Prophylaxis therapy for children with moderate and severe haemophilia A (HA) is the optimal treatment regimen. The real-world treatment regimens, patient reported outcomes and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children with moderate and severe HA in China are less known.Objective This study aimed to describe the real-world treatment regimens and evaluate the association oftreatment regimens with comprehensive patient reported outcomes including bleeds, chronic pain, target joints, disability and HRQoL in children under 18 years old with HA in China.Methods Real-world data of a nationwide online cross-sectional survey in 2021 and patients’ coagulation factor utilization data from self-management records from 2020 to 2021 were merged. 373 eligible children were included and categorized by treatment regimens according to the Chinese guideline: on-demand, short-term prophylaxis and long-term prophylaxis treatment.Results Currently, in China, 4.8% of children with HA are receiving full-dose long-term prophylaxis treatment. Prophylaxis treatment was a significant positive predictor of better patient reported outcomes and HRQoL. For children with prophylaxis treatment, there were significantly fewer annual bleeds (p < 0.001), lower frequency of chronic pain(p < 0.001), and higher health utility scores(p < 0.01) and EQ-VAS scores(p < 0.05) than children with on-demand treatment.Conclusion Accessible long-term prophylaxis treatment should be promoted for children with moderate and severe HA in China and regular monitoring of their outcomes and HRQoL should be carried out.
Melatonin Attenuates Scopolamine-induced Cognitive Dysfunction through SIRT1/IRE1α/XBP1 pathway
Authors: liu xiaoqi , Huang Shun , Wan Can , Hu Tian , Cai Ye-Feng , Wang Qi , Zhang Shi-Jie 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The prevalence of dementia around the world is growing rapidly, and these patients are more likely to have cognitive impairments, mood and anxiety disorders (depression, anxiety, and panic disorder), and attention deficit disorders over their lifetime. Previous studies have proven that melatonin could improve memory loss, but its specific mechanism is still confused. In this study, we used in vivo and in vitro models to examine the neuroprotective effect of melatonin on scopolamine (SCOP)-induced cognitive dysfunction. The behavioral tests were performed. 18F-FDG PET imaging was used to access the metabolism of the brain. Protein expressions were determined through kit detection, western blot and immunofluorescence. Nissl staining was conducted to reflect the neurodegeneration. MTT assay and RNAi transfection were applied to perform the in vitro experiments. We found that melatonin could ameliorate SCOP-induced cognitive dysfunction, relieved anxious-like behaviors or HT22 cell damage. 18F-FDG PET-CT result showed that melatonin could improve cerebral glucose uptake in SCOP-treated mice. Melatonin restored the cholinergic function, increased the expressions of neurotrophic factors, and ameliorated oxidative stress in the brain of SCOP-treated mice. In addition, melatonin upregulated the expression of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), which further relieved endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by decreasing the expression of phosphorylate inositol-requiring enzyme (p-IRE1α) and its downstream, X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1). These results indicated that melatonin could ameliorate SCOP-induced cognitive dysfunction through SIRT1/IRE1α/XBP1 pathway. SIRT1 might be the key target of melatonin in the treatment of dementia.
Displacement type tunable frequency selective fabric and its electromagnetic response mechanism
Authors: Chen Jianying , Zhang Hengyu , Ji Hui , Wang Fumei , Xiao Hong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The development of tunable frequency selective surfaces that can respond to changing electromagnetic environments is a crucial area for the development of intelligent EM devices. In this research paper, a new displacement-type tunable frequency selective fabric (dTFSF) that can adjust its resonant frequency by external force is presented. The dTFSF is constructed by two identical plane frequency selective fabrics that contain periodic arranged cross-shaped conductive units. The resonance frequency of the dTFSF can be changed by displacing the two fabrics relative to each other, causing a change in the shape and size of the conductive units. The displacement is quantitatively related to the resonance frequency, allowing for precise control of the resonance frequency. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) and equivalent circuit analysis were used to obtain the equivalent EM parameters of the dTFSF. Overall, the dTFSF with lightweight and flexible nature making it an ideal candidate for integration into communication devices.
How AI Developers Can Assure Algorithmic Fairness
Authors: Xivuri Khensani , Twinomurinzi Hossana 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly become one of the technologies used for competitive advantage. However, there are also growing concerns about bias in AI models as AI developers risk introducing bias both unintentionally and intentionally. This study, using a qualitative approach, investigated how AI developers can contribute to the development of fair AI models. The key findings reveal that the risk of bias is mainly because of the lack of gender and social diversity in AI development teams, and haste from AI managers to deliver much-anticipated results. The integrity of AI developers is also critical as they may conceal bias from management and other AI stakeholders. The testing phase before model deployment risks bias because it is rarely representative of the diverse societal groups that may be affected. The study makes recommendations in four main areas: governance, social, technical, and training and development processes. Responsible organisations need to take deliberate actions to ensure that their AI developers adhere to fair processes when developing AI; AI developers must prioritise ethical considerations and consider the impact their models may have on society; partnerships between AI developers, AI stakeholders, and society that might be impacted by AI models should be established; and AI developers need to prioritise transparency and explainability in their models while ensuring adequate testing for bias and corrective measures before deployment. Emotional intelligence training should also be provided to the AI developers to help them engage in productive conversations with individuals outside the development team.
The effect of carbon nanotubes wrapping conformation on the interfacial properties of carbon fiber
Authors: li shaolong , Bi Lansen , Chang Qiang , Sun Jianqiang , Gao Fanchuan , Wang Yixuan , Zhang Ye , Wu Jingyu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In order to realize the goal of mass production of modification technology, CNTs would be dispersed in gas phase rapidly and then be sprayed to the surface of industrial CF that contain sizing agent. This will increase Interface shear strength (IFSS) of CF from 26MPa before processing to 35MPa maximum (increased about 33.9%). Due to the embedding function that sizing agent has on CNTs, three types of CNTs adhering to the surface of CF are formed. They are complete embedding type (σ1), partial embedding type (σ2) and sufficient exposure type (σ3). This paper analyses the relations between three formations and processing time, and the contribution to IFSS of each type. It is found that the low content of σ1 has a positive effect on IFSS which can reach 6MPa and σ2 has an even stronger effect on the improvement of IFSS compared with σ1on the same concentration. While σ3 has a negative effect on IFSS all the time.
Transcriptome uncovers the key role of secondary metabolites in methylglyoxal-induced thermotolerance in maize seedlings
Authors: Li Zhong-Guang , Xiang Rui-Hua 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG) could initiate plant heat tolerance (HT) but its molecular mechanism is indistinct. Therefore, this study was to uncover the molecular mechanism underlying MG-initiated HT in maize seedlings by trancriptome analysis. The data showed that 44363 genes were found in maize seedlings, 39756 of which could be referred, but 5686 were not. Further, MG could initiate the different expression of 6899 genes (DEGs) under non-HS conditions. Among DEGs, 3655 were up-regulated, while 3244 were down-regulated. Similarly, MG + HS primed 7781 DEGs, 5684 of which were up-regulated, whereas 2097 were down-regulated. Among MG-initiated DEGs, 303, 166, and 49 GO terms were significantly enriched in biological process (BP), molecular function (MF), and cellular component (CC) by gene ontology enrichment analysis. Analogously, among MG + HS-primed DEGs, 296, 169, and 48 GO terms were significantly enriched in BP, MF, and CC. In addition, pathway enrichment analysis indicated that 6899 DEGs initiated by MG and 7781 DEGs primed by MG + HS were significantly enriched in 27 and 22 pathways. The MG-initiated 27 pathways were secondary metabolites (SMs); diterpenoid biosynthesis; sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis; flavonoid biosynthesis; phenylpropanoid biosynthesis; monoterpenoid biosynthesis; stilbenoid, diarylheptanoid and gingerol biosynthesis; betalain biosynthesis; brassinosteroid biosynthesis; glucosinolate biosynthesis; benzoxazinoid biosynthesis; and anthocyanin biosysnthesis. Similarly, the MG + HS-primed 22 pathways were benzoxazinoid biosynthesis; phenylpropanoid biosynthesis; biosynthesis of secondary metabolites; diterpenoid biosynthesis; stilbenoid, diarylheptanoid and gingerol biosynthesis; sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis; and flavonoid biosynthesis. These results show that SMs play a key role in MG-initiated HT in maize seedlings.
Functional similarity despite taxonomical divergence in the millipede gut microbiota points to a common trophic strategy
Authors: Nweze Julius E. , Šustr Vladimír , Brune Andreas , Angel Roey 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Many arthropods rely on their gut microbiome to digest plant material, which is often low in nitrogen but high in complex polysaccharides. Detritivores, such as millipedes, live on a particularly poor diet, but the identity and nutritional contribution of their microbiome are largely unknown. In this study, the hindgut microbiota of the tropical millipede Epibolus pulchripes (large, methane emitting) and the temperate millipede Glomeris connexa (small, non-methane emitting), fed on an identical diet, were studied using comparative metagenomics and metatranscriptomics.
Results: The results showed that the microbial load in E. pulchripesis much higher and more diverse than in G. connexa. The bacterial communities of the two species differed significantly, with Bacteroidotadominating in the hindguts of E. pulchripes and Proteobacteria (Pseudomonadota) in G. connexa. Despite equal sequencing effort, de novo assembly and binning recovered 282 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from E. pulchripes and 33 from G. connexa, including 90 novel bacterial taxa (81 in E. pulchripes and 9 in G. connexa). However, despite this taxonomic divergence, most of the functions, including carbohydrate hydrolysis, sulfate reduction, and nitrogen cycling, were common to the two species. Members of the Bacteroidota (Bacteroidetes) were the primary agents of complex carbon degradation in E. pulchripes, while members of Proteobacteriadominated in G. connexa. Members of Desulfobacterota were the potential sulfate-reducing bacteria in E. pulchripes. The capacity for dissimilatory nitrate reduction was found in Actinobacteriota (E. pulchripes) and Proteobacteria(both species), but only Proteobacteriapossessed the capacity for denitrification (both species). In contrast, some functions were only found in E. pulchripes. These include reductive acetogenesis, which was found in members of Desulfobacterota and Firmicutes (Bacillota) in E. pulchripes. Also, diazotrophs were only found in E. pulchripes, with a few members of the Firmicutesand Proteobacteria expressing the nifH gene. Interestingly, fungal-cell-wall-degrading glycoside hydrolases (GHs) were among the most abundant carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) expressed in both millipede species, suggesting that fungal biomass plays an important role in the millipede diet.
Conclusions: Overall, these results provide detailed insights into the genomic capabilities of the microbial community in the hindgut of millipedes and shed light on the ecophysiology of these essential detritivores.
The respective effects of atmospheric vapor pressure and soil moisture on ecosystem productivity in Southwest China
Authors: Sun Xupeng , Xiao Yao , Wang Yinghan , Zhou Miaohang , Ma Mingguo , Han Xujun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Drought is considered as a key factor restricting the growth of plants. It is critical to investigate the impact of drought stress on vegetation and understand the respective effects of Soil Moisture (SM) and Vapor Pressure Difference (VPD) on ecosystem production for ecological sustainability. For the Southwest China, the respective impacts of VPD and SM on the productive capacity of regional ecosystems are still unknown. To capture the drought stress over Southwest China, Solar-induced fluorescence (SIF) was selected as a reliable indicator of regional ecosystem production and applied to analyze the impact of SM and VPD using data binning. In this study, PAR and FPAR data were incorporated to calculate SIFyield, eliminating the influence of PAR and FPAR on SM and VPD, which was used to analyze the spatiotemporal correlation between SM, VPD, and SIFyield. And then a data-binned method was applied to compare the implications of low SM and high VPD for each SIFyield quantitatively. Finally, vegetation coverage data was used to conduct a statistical analysis of the correlation of VPD, SM, and SIFyield under different vegetation types and further learn the correlation between these parameters. The results revealed that the impact of high VPD on SIFyield was notably more prominent in regions with 75% vegetation coverage. High correlation between SM and SIFyield was found over forest and shrub, and SM large influence on VPD and SIFyield over grassland types. These new findings will be valuable for future agriculture, forestry breeding, and cultivation over this eco-fragile region.
Calorific and characteristics of seaweed Gracilaria sp. flour-based boba pearls in Indonesia
Authors: Salas Iqbal , Fadhlullah Muhammad , Adi Catur Pramono 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The tapioca-based boba pearls typically contain high sugar and calorific value that can induce health risks. Seaweed Gracilaria sp. flour is considered an alternative to tapioca flour because it contains gelling polysaccharides with high fiber, low lipid and calorific value, as well as various bioactive compounds with beneficial health effects. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate calorific value and other quality parameters of boba pearls formulated from local Indonesian seaweed Gracilaria sp. flour. The samples were prepared by substituting tapioca flour with 5 (F5), 10 (F10), and 15% w/w (F15) of seaweed flour and then compared to the control and commercial boba pearls. The parameters assessed were calorific value, proximate composition, pH, microbial concentration, and sensory quality. The results showed that the F15 boba pearls had the lowest calorific value of 2.17 kcal g− 1 with 1.75% DW of total protein, 0.39% DW of total lipid, 0.80% DW of ash, 97.06% DW of total carbohydrate and 45.51% FW of moisture content. The pH and microbial concentration of the F15 boba pearls were 5 and 6.9 × 104 CFU mL− 1, respectively, while the overall sensory acceptance rate was 6 (like slightly) from the maximum of 9 (like extremely).
Euler Ideal convergence and its associated sequence spaces
Authors: Idrisi Mohammad Imran , Saini Kavita 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Present work is an investigation of some new sequence spaces cI0(er), cI(er), ℓI∞(er) and ℓ∞(er) as a domain of triangle Euler matrix via ideal convergence over an admissible ideal of N. Aslo, defining some algebraic, topological properties and inclusion relations on these spaces.
2020 MSC: 46A11, 46A45, 54A20
Tree age and root order affect the adaptation of fine roots to the surrounding environment: a case study of Pinus koraiensis
Authors: Qin Yu , Valverde-Barrantes Oscar J. , Shi Yueyuan , Jin Guangze , Liu Zhili 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Aims Fine roots adjust their traits during tree growth to adapt to changes in environments, but may vary by root order. We aim to separate the influence of ontogeny and root order on root trait plasticity.Methods We examined six morphological and anatomical traits of the first five order fine roots for 67 Pinus koraiensis individuals aged 16 to 285 years in northeast China, while quantifying soil water and N content.Results As trees aged, the specific root length (SRL) of first- to fifth-order roots increased linearly but root tissue density (RTD) decreased non-linearly; the root diameter (RD) and cortex thickness (CT) of second-order roots and the stele-to-root diameter ratio (SDR) of third- and fourth-orders increased; the difference values in SRL and SDR among root orders increased. CT of first-order roots increased with soil water content but SDR decreased. CT of third-order roots was affected by both soil water and N content. Furthermore, with increasing tree age, there was a trade-off between SRL and RTD of the first five orders and a collaborated increase in RD and stele diameter (SD); RD and CT of first- and second-orders also increased collaboratively.Conclusions Our study not only reflects changes in fine root strategies at different ontogeny stages, but also reveals differences in the plasticity of fine roots to the surrounding environment at different root orders. Moreover, covariation in multiple intraspecific trait syndromes with tree age suggests multiple ongoing strategies to adjust to changing environments, while highlighting the inherent heterogeneity within fine roots.
Optimized detection method of automotive floor solder joints based on digital-analog information
Authors: Mingquan Shi , Chunyuan Li , Shuangming Wang , Lei Liu , Peng Zhang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
With the deepening of machine vision research and increasingly mature application in the commercial field, researchers have begun to pay attention to the practical applications of various visual methods in the industrial field. In order to improve the real-time performance and low cost of the algorithm, an optimized multi-scale template matching method for detecting automotive floor solder joints is proposed based on traditional image processing and multi template matching algorithms. This article uses digital analog information to optimize distorted images, and uses the coordinates and quantity information of solder joints to obtain image distortion coefficients. In order to improve the accuracy of small object detection, the image is segmented into small blocks and enhanced.By optimizing and iterating multiple times to obtain accurate coordinate transformation relationships, the final detection results are filtered, improving the detection accuracy and effectiveness. This method can be better applied to industrial production, with practicality and feasibility.
Soft-label recover based label-specific features learning
Authors: Ge Wenxin , Wang Yibin , Cheng Yusheng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Currently, multi-label learning algorithms address classification more based on positive and negative logical labels with good results. However, logical labels inevitably lead to label misclassification. In addition, missing labels are widespread in the multi-label datasets. Recovering the missing labels and constructing soft labels that reflect the mapping relationship between instances and labels is an absolutely hard mission. Most of the existing algorithms can only solve one of these two problems. Unlike the existing algorithms, this paper proposes a soft-label recover based label-specific features learning (SLR-LSF) to solve above problems simultaneously. Firstly, the label correlation is calculated using the confidence matrix, which is combined with the label density information to obtain the membership degree of the soft label. Secondly, the membership degree and logical labels are combined to construct soft labels, which can help in recovering the missing labels. Finally, in the learning label-specific features process of soft labels, the local smoothness of the labels learned by manifold regularization is complemented by global label correlation. The classification performance and robustness of the algorithm are improved. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, comprehensive experiments are conducted on several data sets.