bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prevalence, incidence, and recurrence of intimate partner violence and its association with adverse childhood experiences among pregnant and breastfeeding women living with HIV in Malawi
Authors: Masiano Steven P. , Tembo Tapiwa A. , Yu Xiaoying , Wetzel Elizabeth , Mphande Mtisunge , Chitani Mike , Mkandawire Angella , Khama Innocent , Mazenga Alick , Abrams Elaine , Ahmed Saeed , Kim Maria H. 
Published: January 2023

Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with suboptimal HIV treatment outcomes, but its distribution and risk factors among certain subpopulations of people living with HIV in resource-limited settings are not well known. We examined the prevalence, incidence, and recurrence of IPV and its association with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) among pregnant/breastfeeding women living with HIV in Malawi. Methods: This study used longitudinal data for 455 pregnant women living with HIV continuously enrolled in the VITAL Start trial. IPV was assessed at baseline and months 1, 6, and 12 using the widely validated WHO IPV survey. Forms of IPV assessed were physical IPV, emotional IPV, and sexual IPV measured as prevalence, incidence, and recurrence. ACE histories were assessed using WHO’s ACE International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ) tool. Logistic and log-binomial regressions were used in multivariable analyses that controlled for factors such as depression and alcohol use. Results: Participants’ mean age was 27.6 ± 5.7 years. Forty-three percent (43%) reported IPV prevalence, 13% reported IPV incidence, and another 13% reported IPV recurrence, with emotional IPV being the most commonly reported IPV type. Over 96% reported experiencing ⩾1 ACE. In regression analysis, cumulative ACE scores were significantly associated with IPV prevalence and IPV recurrence and in both cases, the magnitude of association was greatest for sexual IPV compared with physical IPV and emotional IPV. ACE scores were not significantly associated with IPV incidence. Conclusions: IPV is highly prevalent among pregnant women living with HIV and continues to occur throughout the pregnancy and postpartum period; its graded relationship with ACEs is a concern in resource-limited settings where HIV/AIDS remains a public health concern. Strategies aimed to address the needs of pregnant/breastfeeding women living with HIV may benefit from the regular screening of this population for IPV and ACE, including in antenatal care clinics.
Work–Family Conflict and Depression Among Healthcare Workers: The Role of Sleep and Decision Latitude
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Dugan Alicia G. , El Ghaziri Mazen , Siddique Sundus , Punnett Laura 
Published: January 2023

Background: Healthcare workers report a higher incidence of depression than the general population. Work–family conflict is a risk factor, but the mechanisms explaining its association with depression are not well understood. This study examines the potential mediating and moderating role of sleep and decision latitude in translating work–family conflict into depression. Methods: In 2018, a cross-sectional survey was collected from healthcare workers ( n = 1,059) in five public sector facilities in the northeast United States. The survey included questions on participants’ work–family conflict, depression, sleep duration and disturbances, decision latitude, and other work environments and socio-demographic characteristics. Multivariable linear and Poisson regression modeling were used to examine associations among variables. Findings: There was a significant association between work–family conflict and depression (β = 2.70, p < .001). Sleep disturbances, although not short sleep duration, partially mediated this association. The association between work family–conflict and depression was stronger among workers with low decision latitude. Conclusions: Depression was prevalent among healthcare workers and was associated with work–family conflict. Sleep disturbances served as a significant mediator, while decision latitude modified the strength of the association. Application to Practice: Evidence-based interventions seeking to alleviate the effect of work–family conflict and improve healthcare workers’ mental health should consider promoting employee sleep quality and improving employees’ decision-making on the job.
Epidemiology of Cervical Fracture/Cervical Spinal Cord Injury and Changes in Surgical Treatment Modalities in Elderly Individuals During a 10-year Period: A Nationwide Multicenter Study in Japan
Authors: Segi Naoki , Nakashima Hiroaki , Machino Masaaki , Ito Sadayuki , Yokogawa Noriaki , Sasagawa Takeshi , Funayama Toru , Eto Fumihiko , Watanabe Kota , Nori Satoshi , Furuya Takeo , Yunde Atsushi , Nakajima Hideaki , Hasegawa Tomohiko , Yamada Tomohiro , Terashima Yoshinori , Hirota Ryosuke , Suzuki Hidenori , Imajo Yasuaki , Ikegami Shota , Uehara Masashi , Tonomura Hitoshi , Sakata Munehiro , Hashimoto Ko , Onoda Yoshito , Kawaguchi Kenichi , Haruta Yohei , Suzuki Nobuyuki , Kato Kenji , Uei Hiroshi , Sawada Hirokatsu , Nakanishi Kazuo , Misaki Kosuke , Terai Hidetomi , Tamai Koji , Inoue Gen , Shirasawa Eiki , Kakutani Kenichiro , Iizuka Yoichi , Takasawa Eiji , Akeda Koji , Kiyasu Katsuhito , Tominaga Hiroyuki , Tokumoto Hiroto , Funao Haruki , Oshima Yasushi , Yoshii Toshitaka , Kaito Takashi , Sakai Daisuke , Ohba Tetsuro , Seki Shoji , Otsuki Bungo , Ishihara Masayuki , Miyazaki Masashi , Okada Seiji , Imagama Shiro , Kato Satoshi 
Published: January 2023

Study Design Retrospective multicenter study Objectives To investigate changes over a 10-years period in the profile of cervical spine and spinal cord injuries among the elderly in Japan. Methods The current multicenter study was a retrospective analysis of inpatients aged ≥65 years, suffering cervical fracture (CF) and/or cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI). We analyzed 1413 patients’ epidemiology (from 2010 to 2019). Moreover, 727 patients who underwent surgical treatment were analyzed in 2 groups: the early (2010-2014) and late period (2015-2019). Results Both the number of patients and number of surgical patients showed a significant increasing trend ( P < .001), while the mean age, the distribution of injury levels and paralysis severity, and the proportion of surgical indications remained the same. The number of surgical patients doubled from 228 to 499 from the early to late periods. Posterior surgery was the most common approach (90.4%), instrumentation surgery with screws increased significantly, and the range of fusion was significantly longer in the late period (2.1 vs 2.7 levels, P = .001). Significantly worsening neurological symptoms were recorded in the late period (1.3% vs 5.8%, P = .006), with C5 palsy being the major one. Otherwise, perioperative, major, and other complications, including mortality, did not differ significantly in incidence. Conclusions Both the number of elderly CF and/or CSCI patients and number of patients undergoing surgery increased dramatically over the decade without any change in profile. Instrumentation surgeries with screws increased, without an increase in systemic complications.
A reflection on the essence of gratitude in palliative care: healing in severe disease and professional affirmation through accompanying patients until the end
Authors: Arantzamendi María , Aparicio Maria , Centeno Carlos , Sánchez-Migallón Sergio , Riojas Mariana , De Julián Victoria , Crespo Mariano 
Published: January 2023

Background: Gratitude has sparked interest in the world of health. It is considered as a personality characteristic or as an emotion. However, little has been explored in the context of the interpersonal relationship of caring. An exploration in the context of end of life is ground-breaking. Objectives: This study analyses and reflects on the object of gratitude from the perspective of both the persons being cared for and the professionals providing health care. What are patients and their family members grateful for in palliative care? What is the reason for gratitude? What do these health professionals perceive when there is gratitude? These questions were answered considering the gratitude generated in health care encounters, not gratitude as personality trait. Methods: The phenomenological approach was used starting from lived clinical experiences. In the light of the dialogue between clinical experiences and philosophy, this study proposes an explanation of the ‘real’ or essential object of gratitude in palliative care. It was conducted within the context of palliative care. The study materials were manifestations of gratitude expressed or felt in clinical encounters and published in newspapers or shared in daily encounters. These were the basis for analysis and reflection and interdisciplinary dialogue. Findings: The analyses performed indicated healing or deep relief in serious diseases as objects of gratitude according to patients’ perspective, and professional self-affirmation until the end according to the professionals’ perspective. Conclusion: The two perspectives shared an important common fact, namely, the need to consider the persons in their entirety, and the importance of not losing sight of the value they have. This concept would characterize the nature of gratitude, its object being the ‘objective good’ for patients, family members, and palliative care professionals.
Esophageal Inlet Patch: A Clinically Significant Entity in Advanced Pulmonary Disease and Lung Transplant Rejection
Authors: Iyer Neena R. , Afshar Kamyar , Joshua Jisha , Golts Eugene , Yung Gordon L. , Kafi Aarya , Conrad Douglas J. , Kunkel David C. 
Published: January 2023

Background: Esophageal inlet patch (IP) refers to heterotopic gastric mucosa in the cervical esophagus. Secretions from IP may produce symptoms of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) and accelerate progression of lung disease. We aimed to characterize the significance of IP among patients with advanced pulmonary disease, including lung transplant (LTx) recipients, and to assess outcomes following IP ablation. Methods: We established and reviewed a prospective database of all patients with advanced pulmonary disease referred for GI motility evaluation for presence of IP over 7 years. Total IP size, results of pH testing, incidence of transplant rejection and mortality, and effects of IP ablation on symptoms were analyzed. Results: Twenty-seven (13 LTx recipients) of 440 pulmonary patients referred for upper endoscopy were found to have IPs, and 14 completed IP ablation (mean number of 1.7 sessions to ablate IP). Total IP size correlated with total acid exposure time ( P = .01) and symptoms of cough ( P < .00001), heartburn ( P = .0001), and globus ( P < .00001). Symptom severity of heartburn and dysphagia improved following IP ablation ( P = .04 and 0.008). Eight of 13 LTx patient with IP developed either acute or chronic rejection, with 3 cases of post-LTx mortality occurring in patients who did not undergo IP ablation. Conclusions: IP should be given careful consideration in patients with advanced pulmonary disease and lung transplant recipients, particularly if symptoms of cough, heartburn, or globus are present. Total IP size may be predictive of severity of LPR, and symptom recurrence should prompt re-examination for residual IP.
Risk Assessments in Orthognathic Surgery: A National Inpatient Sample (NIS) and Nationwide Ambulatory Surgery Sample (NASS) Analysis
Authors: Lopez Christopher D. , River Perla Krissia M. , Njoroge Moreen W. , Yusuf Cynthia T. , Yang Robin 
Published: January 2023

Background: Orthognathic surgery is an effective treatment for deformities involving the middle and lower third of the face. While orthognathic surgery has been demonstrated to have potential benefits, patients may be reluctant to proceed due to concerns regarding the outcome of the treatment, possibility of complications, length of hospitalization, and financial costs. This study aimed to determine whether systemic comorbidities as risk factors affect the outcomes, costs, and of surgical management for orthognathic patients. Methods: Patients who underwent orthognathic surgery, maxillary, mandibular, or both were identified from both the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) and the Nationwide Ambulatory Surgery Sample (NASS) Databases. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving patients who underwent orthognathic surgery between the years 2016 and 2018. Data collected included patient age, gender, race, median household income, insurance type, severity of illness, and comorbidities such as obstructive sleep apnea, smoking, hypertension, and diabetes. Multivariable regression was used to characterize the role of insurance status, median household income, comorbidities, and total charges in the inpatient setting versus the outpatient setting. Results: A total of 20 848 patients in the United States who underwent orthognathic surgery involving either single or double-jaw procedures were included. Diabetes ( P < .05), smoking ( P < .015), obesity ( P < .001), and Black race ( P < .001) were significantly associated with greater length of hospitalization. Patients who underwent isolated maxillary orthognathic procedures were less likely to incur increased costs due to obesity as a comorbid condition ( P < .001). Hispanic patients who underwent single-jaw surgeries, either maxillary or mandibular, had 93% increased odds of having higher total charges incurred ( P < .001). Conclusion: Longer hospital stays are associated with more comorbid conditions and more expensive and complex procedures. Comprehensive assessments of patients’ comorbidities may be useful for predicting the length of stay as well as risk stratification in orthognathic surgery.
Investigation of sound absorption capability of pine (Pinus densiflora) cone particles
Authors: Jang Eun-Suk , Kang Chun-Won 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this study, the sound absorption capability of pine (Pinus densiflora) cone particles was investigated as an alternative and eco-friendly, sound-absorbing material. The sound absorption coefficient of pine cone particles was examined after filling impedance tubes with 4, 6, 8, and 10 cm of particles. The sound absorption capability of 4 cm and 6 cm thickness was categorized as 0.5 M class, and that of 8 cm and 10 cm thickness was classed as 0.8 M class according to the KS F 3503 sound-absorbing capability classification of sound-absorbing materials. In particular, 10 cm pine cone particles demonstrated exceptional sound absorption capability in the range of 250–6400 Hz, with an average sound absorption coefficient of 0.6 or greater. In conclusion, pine cone particles were found to have excellent sound absorption capability. Thus, this work suggests that pine cone particles may be useful as an eco-friendly, sound-absorbing material.
Upper respiratory tract microbiota is associated with small airway function and asthma severity
Authors: Li Yi , Zou Congying , Li Jieying , Wang Wen , Guo Yue , Zhao Lifang , Jiang Chunguo , Zhao Peng , An Xingqin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Characteristics of airway microbiota might influence asthma status or asthma phenotype. Identifying the airway microbiome can help to investigate its role in the development of asthma phenotypes or small airway function.

Methods
Bacterial microbiota profiles were analyzed in induced sputum from 31 asthma patients and 12 healthy individuals from Beijing, China. Associations between small airway function and airway microbiomes were examined.

Results
Composition of sputum microbiota significantly changed with small airway function in asthma patients. Two microbiome-driven clusters were identified and characterized by small airway function and taxa that had linear relationship with small airway functions were identified.

Conclusions
Our findings confirm that airway microbiota was associated with small airway function in asthma patients.
Testing for terrestrial and freshwater microalgae productivity under elevated CO2 conditions and nutrient limitation
Authors: Kryvenda Anastasiia , Tischner Rudolf , Steudel Bastian , Griehl Carola , Armon Robert , Friedl Thomas 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundMicroalgae CO2fixation results in the production of biomass rich in high-valuable products, such as fatty acids and carotenoids. Enhanced productivity of valuable compounds can be achieved through the microalgae’s ability to capture CO2efficiently from sources of high CO2contents, but it depends on the species. Culture collections of microalgae offer a wide variety of defined strains. However, an inadequate understanding of which groups of microalgae and from which habitats they originate offer high productivity under increased CO2concentrations hampers exploiting microalgae as a sustainable source in the bioeconomy.ResultsA large variety of 81 defined algal strains, including new green algal isolates from various terrestrial environments, were studied for their growth under atmospheres with CO2levels of 5–25% in air. They were from a pool of 200 strains that had been pre-selected for phylogenetic diversity and high productivity under ambient CO2. Green algae from terrestrial environments exhibited enhanced growth up to 25% CO2. In contrast, in unicellular red algae and stramenopile algae, which originated through the endosymbiotic uptake of a red algal cell, growth at CO2concentrations above 5% was suppressed. While terrestrial stramenopile algae generally tolerated such CO2concentrations, their counterparts from marine phytoplankton did not. The tests of four new strains in liquid culture revealed enhanced biomass and chlorophyll production under elevated CO2levels. The 15% CO2aeration increased their total carotenoid and fatty acid contents, which were further stimulated when combined with the starvation of macronutrients, i.e., less with phosphate and more with nitrogen-depleted culture media.ConclusionGreen algae originating from terrestrial environments, Chlorophyceae and Trebouxiophyceae, exhibit enhanced productivity of carotenoids and fatty acids under elevated CO2concentrations. This ability supports the economic and sustainable production of valuable compounds from these microalgae using inexpensive sources of high CO2concentrations, such as industrial exhaust fumes.
Colonic TRPV4 overexpression is related to constipation severity
Authors: Mihara Hiroshi , Uchida Kunitoshi , Watanabe Yoshiyuki , Nanjo Sohachi , Sakumura Miho , Motoo Iori , Ando Takayuki , Minemura Masami , Muhammad Jibran Sualeh , Yamamoto Hiroyuki , Itoh Fumio , Yasuda Ichiro 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Chronic constipation is prevalent and involves both colon sensitivity and various changes in intestinal bacteria, particularly mucosa-associated microflora. Here we examined regulatory mechanisms of TRPV4 expression by co-culturing colon epithelial cell lines with intestinal bacteria and their derivatives. We also investigated TRPV4 expression in colon epithelium from patients with constipation.

Methods
Colon epithelial cell lines were co-cultured with various enterobacteria (bacterial components and supernatant), folate, LPS, or short chain fatty acids. TRPV4 expression levels and promoter DNA methylation were assessed using pyrosequencing, and microarray network analysis. For human samples, correlation coefficients were calculated and multiple regression analyses were used to examine the association between clinical background, rectal TRPV4 expression level and mucosa-associated microbiota.

Results
Co-culture of CCD841 cells with P. acnes, C. perfringens, or S. aureus transiently decreased TRPV4 expression but did not induce methylation. Co-culture with clinical isolates and standard strains of K. oxytoca, E. faecalis, or E. coli increased TRPV4 expression in CCD841 cells, and TRPV4 and TNF-alpha expression were increased by E. coli culture supernatants but not bacterial components. Although folate, LPS, IL-6, TNF-alpha, or SCFAs alone did not alter TRPV4 expression, TRPV4 expression following exposure to E. coli culture supernatants was inhibited by butyrate or TNF-alphaR1 inhibitor and increased by p38 inhibitor. Microarray network analysis showed activation of TNF-alpha, cytokines, and NOD signaling. TRPV4 expression was higher in constipated patients from the terminal ileum to the colorectum, and multiple regression analyses showed that low stool frequency, frequency of defecation aids, and duration were associated with TRPV4 expression. Meanwhile, incomplete defecation, time required to defecate, and number of defecation failures per 24 h were associated with increased E. faecalis frequency.

Conclusions
Colon epithelium cells had increased TRPV4 expression upon co-culture with K. oxytoca, E. faecalis, or E. coli supernatants, as well as TNFα-stimulated TNFαR1 expression via a pathway other than p38. Butyrate treatment suppressed this increase. Epithelial TRPV4 expression was increased in constipated patients, suggesting that TRPV4 together with increased frequency of E. faecalis may be involved in the pathogenesis of various constipation symptoms.
The effect of counseling with stress management approach on postpartum anxiety and distress and breastfeeding self-efficacy during COVID-19 pandemic: a ramdomized controlled trial
Authors: Shamsdanesh Shiva , Nourizadeh Roghaiyeh , Hakimi Sevil , Ranjbar Fatemeh , Mehrabi Esmat 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Successful breastfeeding is related to the psychosocial conditions of the mother. Covid19 pandemic resulted in psychological consequences in women during postpartum period. Maternal anxiety and distress reduce the chances of exclusive breastfeeding. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of counseling with stress management approach on postpartum anxiety and distress and breastfeeding self-efficacy (BSE) during COVID-19 pandemic.

Method
This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 64 breastfeeding mothers referred to health care centers in Tabriz, Iran in 2021. Participants were assigned into the intervention and control groups in a ratio of 1: 1 using block randomization in a block size of 4 and 6. The intervention group participated in six individual 60–90 min sessions. Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), postpartum distress (PMD), and BSE questionnaires were completed before and 4-week after the intervention by the control and intervention groups. Independent t-test and ANCOVA were used to compare the outcomes between two groups.

Results
According to the ANCOVA results by controlling the baseline values and after the intervention, the mean score of anxiety in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group [Adjusted Mean Difference (AMD): -13.82, 95%, confidence interval (CI): -12.35 to -15.29, (p < 0.001)]. Further, the mean score of postpartum distress after intervention was lower in the intervention group compared with that in the control group [AMD:5.31 95% CI: -3.00 to -7.37 (p < 0.001)]. After the intervention, the mean score of BSE in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group [AMD: 25.57, 95% CI: 22.85 to 28.29 (p < 0.001)].

Conclusion
Stress management counseling can improve postpartum anxiety and distress and BSE and increase breastfeeding. However, more studies are needed for a definitive conclusion.

Trial registration
Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT): IRCT20171007036615N6. Date of registration: 15/09/2021.