bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Response of Sesame to Different Weed Management Pratices in Maharashtra, India
Authors: Chavhan K. R. , Chaudhari R. D. , Kolage A. K. , Mahajan H. S. 
Published: June 2023

The experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Jalgaon, Maharashtra during Kharif season of 2018 to 2020 to study the effect of pre and post emergence herbicide on growth and yield of sesame. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design (RBD), replicated thrice with eight treatments viz., T1 Weedy check, T2 Weed free, T3 Pendimethalin 30EC (pre–emergence)@0.50kg a.i./ha., T4 Quizlofop-ethyl 5 % EC (post emergence) 50g a.i/ha.at 20 DAS., T5 Sodium Acifluorfen16.5% + Clodinafop-propargyl 8% (premix) @ 100 g.a.i./ha.at 20 DAS., T6 Pendimethalin 30EC (pre–emergence)@ 0. 50 kg a.i./ha.+ Hand weeding at 20DAS., T7 Pendimethalin 30EC (pre–emergence)@0. 50 kg a.i./ha.+ Quizlofop-ethyl 5 % EC (post emergence) 50g a.i/ha.at 20 DAS., T8 Pendimethalin 30EC (pre–emergence) @ 0. 50 kg a.i./ha.+ Sodium Acifluorfen16.5% +Clodinafop-propargyl 8% (premix) @ 100 g.a.i./ha. at 20 DAS.From the pooled results,it is concluded that pre and post emergance herbicide for chemical weed management in sesame, the seed yield were found to be significant.The practice of the treatment T2 (weed free) crop produced the significantly highest seed yield 607 Kg./ha, Net Monetory Returns Rs. 42730/- and B:C Ratio 2.93, over rest of treatment, followed by 523 kg/ha seed yield, Rs. 35873/- Net Monetory Returns and 2.77 B:C ratio by the treatment i.e. pre–emergence application of Pendamethalin 30 EC @ 0. 50 kg a.i./ha + Hand weeding at 20 DAS was an efficient and economically feasible package to manage the weeds and realize better returns.
Effect of Spacing and Hybrid on Quality of Summer Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) under South Gujarat Condition
Authors: Patel N. A. , Raj A. D. , Surve V. , Sankhala P. M. , Parmar V. T. 
Published: June 2023

A field experiment conducted during summer season 2018 on College Farm, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari on heavy black soil consisting nine treatments combinations were laid out in Randomized block design with factorial concept with four replications. The results revealed that the highest yield and net return of summer pearl millet was obtained with row spacing 45 × 15 cm or 60 × 15 cm along with hybrid GHB – 732 or GHB –558. Sowing of pearl millet at 45 × 15 cm row spacing showed significantly higher protein yield (508.85 kg/ha), grain yield (4775 kg/ha), straw yield (7828 kg/ha), nutrients uptake by grain and straw and maximum net realization of Rs.81295/ha with BCR of 3.07. The hybrid GHB-732 gave significantly higher protein yield (498.75 kg/ha), grain yield (4579 kg/ha), straw yield (7536 kg/ha), nutrients (N and K) uptake and total uptake by grain and straw and maximum net realization of Rs.77014/ha with highest BCR 2.91.
The Impacts of Climatic Variability on the Grain Yield Performance of Open Pollinated Varieties (OPV) of Maize in a Rainforest Location of Nigeria
Authors: Akintibu T. S. , Oluwaranti A. , Fakorede M. A. B. 
Published: June 2023

Aims: The objectives of the study were to examine the effects of climatic factors on maize yield and identify best planting date for maize in Rainforest Agroecology of Nigeria.
Study Design: Grain yield of seventeen open pollinated varieties of maize evaluated in 21 randomly selected environments in the Rainforest Agroecology of Nigeria were used for the study. Each field experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replications and 5 m long single-row plots spaced at 0.75 m apart and three seeds were planted 0.5 m apart within the row.
Place and Duration of Study: Grain yield of 17 maize varieties evaluated at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching and Research Farm (7°28'N, 4°33'E, altitude 224 m above sea level) during the late cropping seasons of 2001, 2005 and early cropping seasons of 2002, 2006 were used for this study.
Methodology: The grain yield and climatic data within the period of evaluation was subjected to Analysis of variance and correlation analysis.
Results: Rainfall alone significantly accounted for over 42 % of the total variation on grain yield across the environments while the combination of two climatic factors revealed significant variation across the combination ranging from over 41 % to 45 % with minimum relative humidity and maximum temperature together having the highest significant variation on grain yield of Maize. There was also highly significant positive correlation between grain yield and total rainfall (r = 0.65**) and minimum relative humidity (r = 0.64**).
Conclusion: Ranking of the twenty-one environments for average grain yield, the most favourable planting date ranged from early April to early May in Rainforest Agro-ecology of Nigeria.
Comparative Effectiveness of First‐Line Baricitinib in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis in the Australian OPAL Data Set
Authors: Ciciriello Sabina , Littlejohn Geoffrey , Treuer Tamas , Gibson Kathryn A. , Haladyj Ewa , Youssef Peter , Bird Paul , O'Sullivan Catherine , Smith Tegan , Deakin Claire T. ,   OPAL Rheumatology
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveTo analyze comparative treatment persistence for first‐line baricitinib (BARI) versus first‐line tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and for first‐line BARI initiated as monotherapy versus first‐line BARI initiated with at least one conventional synthetic disease‐modifying antirheumatic drug (csDMARD).MethodsPatients with RA who initiated BARI or TNFi as first‐line biologic or targeted synthetic DMARD from October 1, 2015, to September 30, 2021, were identified in the OPAL data set. Drug survival times to 6, 12, and 24 months were analyzed using restricted mean survival time (RMST). Multiple imputation and inverse probability of treatment weighting were used to address missing data and nonrandom treatment assignment.ResultsA total of 545 patients initiated first‐line BARI, including 118 as monotherapy and 427 as csDMARD combination therapy. Three thousand five hundred patients initiated first‐line TNFi. There was no difference in drug survival to 6 or 12 months for BARI compared with TNFi; differences in RMST were 0.02 months (95% CI: −0.08 to 0.013; P = 0.65) and 0.31 months (95% CI: −0.02 to 0.63; P = 0.06), respectively. Patients in the BARI group had 1.00 month (95% CI: 0.14 to 1.86; P = 0.02) longer drug survival to 24 months. There was no difference in drug survival for BARI monotherapy compared with combination therapy, with differences in RMST to 6, 12, and 24 months of −0.19 months (95% CI: −0.50 to 0.12; P = 0.12), −0.35 months (95% CI: −1.17 to 0.42; P = 0.41), and −0.56 months (95% CI: −2.66 to 1.54; P = 0.60), respectively.ConclusionIn this comparative analysis, treatment persistence up to 24 months was significantly longer for first‐line BARI compared with TNFi, but the effect size of 1.00 month is not clinically meaningful. There was no difference in persistence for BARI monotherapy versus combination therapy.
Strong Piezoelectricity and Improved Rectifier Properties in Mono‐ and Multilayered CuInP2S6
Authors: Jiang Xingan , Zhang Xiangping , Niu Ruirui , Ren Qi , Chen Xue , Du Guoshuai , Chen Yabin , Wang Xiaolei , Tang Gang , Lu Jianming , Wang Xueyun , Hong Jiawang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMost atomically thin piezoelectrics suffer from weak piezoelectric response or current rectification along the thickness direction, which largely hinders their applications in a vertical crossbar architecture. Therefore, exploring new types of ultrathin materials with strong longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient and rectification is highly desired. In this study, the monolayer of van der Waals CuInP2S6 (CIPS) is successfully exfoliated and its strong piezoelectricity in the out‐of‐plane direction with an effective coefficient d33eff of ≈5.12 pm V−1, which is one or two orders of magnitude higher than that of most existing monolayer materials with intrinsic d33, is confirmed. A prototype vertical device is further constructed and the current rectification is achieved through the flexoelectricity induced by the scanning tip force. The switching between low and high rectification states can be readily controlled by tuning the mechanical loads. These findings manifest that CIPS possesses promising application in vertical nanoscale piezoelectric devices and provides a novel strategy for achieving a good current rectification in ultrathin piezoelectrics.
Reaching the Fundamental Limitation in CO2 Reduction to CO with Single Atom Catalysts
Authors: Sarma Saurav Ch , Barrio Jesús , Bagger Alexander , Pedersen Angus , Gong Mengjun , Luo Hui , Wang Mengnan , Favero Silvia , Zhao Chang‐Xin , Zhang Qiang , Kucernak Anthony , Titirici Maria‐Magdalena , Stephens Ifan E. L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) to value‐added chemicals with renewable electricity is a promising method to decarbonize parts of the chemical industry. Recently, single metal atoms in nitrogen‐doped carbon (MNC) have emerged as potential electrocatalysts for CO2RR to CO with high activity and faradaic efficiency, although the reaction limitation for CO2RR to CO is unclear. To understand the comparison of intrinsic activity of different MNCs, two catalysts are synthesized through a decoupled two‐step synthesis approach of high temperature pyrolysis and low temperature metalation (Fe or Ni). The highly meso‐porous structure results in the highest reported electrochemical active site utilization based on in situ nitrite stripping; up to 59±6% for NiNC. Ex situ X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) confirms the penta‐coordinated nature of the active sites. The catalysts are amongst the most active in the literature for CO2 reduction to CO. The density functional theory calculations (DFT) show that their binding to the reaction intermediates approximates to that of Au surfaces. However, it is found that the turnover frequencies (TOFs) of the most active catalysts for CO evolution converge, suggesting a fundamental ceiling to the catalytic rates.
Skin‐Inspired Porous Mesh Bioelectronics with Built‐In Multifunctionality for Concurrently Monitoring Heart Electrical and Mechanical Functions
Authors: Ling Yun , Zhao Ganggang , Su Yajuan , Wu Qian , Xu Yadong , Chen Zehua , Arends Brian , Emeje Ogheneobarome , Huang Guoliang , Xie Jingwei , Yan Zheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSkin exhibits nonlinear mechanics, which is initially soft and stiffens rapidly as being stretched to prevent large deformation‐induced injuries. Developing skin‐interfaced bioelectronics with skin‐inspired nonlinear mechanical behavior, together with multiple other desired features (breathable, antibacterial, and sticky), is desirable yet challenging. Herein, this study reports the design, fabrication, and biomedical application of porous mesh bioelectronics that can simultaneously achieve these features. On the one hand, porous serpentine meshes of polyimide (PI) are designed and fabricated under the guidance of theoretical simulations to provide skin‐like nonlinear mechanics and high breathability. On the other hand, ultrasoft, sticky, and antibacterial polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is developed through epsilon polylysine (ε‐PL) modifications, which currently lacks in the field. Here, ε‐PL‐modified PDMS is spray‐coated on PI meshes to form the core–shell structures without blocking their pores to offer ultrasoft, sticky, and antibacterial skin interfaces. And rationally designed porous hybrid meshes can not only retain skin‐like nonlinear mechanical properties but also enable the integration of both soft and hard bioelectronic components for various healthcare applications. As the exemplar example, this study integrates soft silver nanowires (AgNWs) based electrophysiological sensors and rigid commercial accelerometers on multifunctional porous meshes for concurrently monitoring heart electrical and mechanical functions to provide the comprehensive information of the evolving heart status.
A Multifunctional Wood‐Derived Separator Towards the Problems of Semi‐Open System in Lithium‐Oxygen Batteries
Authors: Zhang Guoliang , Zhang Dongmei , Yang Ruonan , Du Yong , Wang Ning , Guo Zhanhu , Mai Xianmin , Dang Feng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe semi‐open system of lithium‐oxygen batteries (LOBs) results in electrolyte depletion, lithium anode corrosion, and by‐product deposition, and therefore represents a major challenge that hinders their application. Here, the aligned and open microchannel structures of wood are fabricated as separators to provide low‐tortuosity pathways for rapid ionic transport and serve as reservoirs for retaining the electrolyte by capillary forces to improve the electrochemical kinetics. In an open environment, the wood separator can hold 39% of the initial adsorption electrolyte capacity after 40 days, much higher than that of glass fiber (GF, 15%). The cellulose in the wood can confine the crossover effect of water thereby inhibiting the corrosion of lithium anode and reducing the deposition of by‐products. Density functional theory calculations certify that the abundant functional groups and uniform electron distribution in cellulose increase lithium‐ion concentration on the wood surface and promote lithium‐ion migration with a low diffusion barrier. LOBs composed of the wood‐derived separator displayed excellent anodic reversibility (over 1200 h) and effectively improved cathodic lifetime over 300 cycles (1.6 times longer than that of GF separator). These findings illustrate the significant potential of this candidate separator for high‐performance LOBs and are expected to be extended to metal‐air batteries.
Fabrication of Single‐Crystalline CoCrFeNi Thin Films by DC Magnetron Sputtering: A Route to Surface Studies of High‐Entropy Alloys
Authors: Schwarz Holger , Apell Jonathan , Wong Ha Kit , Henning Peter , Wonneberger Robert , Rösch Niels , Uhlig Thomas , Ospald Felix , Wagner Guntram , Undisz Andreas , Seyller Thomas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHigh‐entropy alloys (HEAs) with their almost limitless number of possible compositions have raised widespread attention in material science. Next to wear and corrosion resistive coatings, their application as tunable electrocatalysts has recently moved into the focus. On the other hand, fundamental properties of HEA surfaces like atomic and electronic structure, surface segregation and diffusion as well as adsorption on HEA surfaces are barely explored. The lack of research is caused by the limited availability of single‐crystalline samples. In the present work, the epitaxial growth of face centered cubic (fcc) CoCrFeNi films on MgO(100) is reported. Their characterization by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) demonstrates that the layers with a homogeneous and close to equimolar elemental composition are oriented in [100] direction and aligned with the substrate to which they form an abrupt interface. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), low‐energy electron diffraction (LEED), and angle‐resolved photoelectron spectroscopy are employed to study chemical composition and atomic and electronic structure of CoCrFeNi(100). It is demonstrated that epitaxially grown HEA films have the potential to fill the sample gap, allowing for fundamental studies of properties of and processes on well‐defined HEA surfaces over the full compositional space.
Copper‐Catalyzed Chemoselective Asymmetric Hydrogenation of C=O Bonds of Exocyclic α,β‐Unsaturated Pentanones
Authors: Guan Jing , Chen Jianzhong , Luo Yicong , Guo Lisen , Zhang Wanbin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA highly chemoselective earth‐abundant transition metal copper catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of C=O bonds of exocyclic α,β‐unsaturated pentanones was realized using H2. The desired products were obtained with up to 99 % yield and 96 % ee (enantiomeric excess) (99 % ee, after recrystallization). The corresponding chiral exocyclic allylic pentanol products can be converted into several bioactive molecules. The hydrogenation mechanism was investigated via deuterium‐labelling experiments and control experiments, which indicate that the keto‐enol isomerization rate of the substrate is faster than that of the hydrogenation and also show that the Cu−H complex can only catalyze chemoselectively the asymmetric reduction of the carbonyl group. Computational results indicate that the multiple attractive dispersion interactions (MADI effect) between the catalyst with bulky substituents and substrate play important roles which stabilize the transition states and reduce the generation of by‐products.
Tailoring Extremely Narrow FWHM in Hypsochromic and Bathochromic Shift of Polycyclo‐Heteraborin MR‐TADF Materials for High‐Performance OLEDs
Authors: Naveen Kenkera Rayappa , Oh Jun Hyeog , Lee Hyun Seung , Kwon Jang Hyuk 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDeveloping double boron‐based emitters with extremely narrow band spectrum and high efficiency in organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) is crucial and challenging. Herein, we report two materials,NO‐DBMRandCz‐DBMR, hinge on polycyclic heteraborin skeletons based on role‐play of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy levels. TheNO‐DBMRcontains an oxygen atom, whereas theCz‐DBMRhas a carbazole core in the double boron‐embedded ν‐DABNA structure. The synthesized materials resulted in an unsymmetrical pattern forNO‐DBMRand surprisingly a symmetrical pattern forCz‐DBMR. Consequently, both materials showed extremely narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 14 nm in hypsochromic (pure blue) and bathochromic (Bluish green) shifted emission without losing their high color fidelity. Furthermore, both materials show high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of over 82 %, and an extremely small singlet‐triplet energy gap (ΔEST) of 0.04 eV, resulting in high reverse intersystem crossing process (kRISC) of 105 s−1. Due to the efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) characteristics, the fabricated OLEDs based on these heteraborins manifested maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax) of 33.7 and 29.8 % forNO‐DBMRandCz‐DBMR, respectively. This is the first work reported with this type of strategy for achieving an extremely narrow emission spectrum in hypsochromic and bathochromic shifted emissions with a similar molecular skeleton.
Jerne's “immune network theory”, of interacting anti‐idiotypic antibodies applied to immune responses during COVID‐19 infection and after COVID‐19 vaccination
Authors: Kurbel Sven 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNiels Kaj Jerne has proposed the “immune network theory” of interactions among anti‐idiotypic antibodies, able to interfere with humoral responses to certain antigens. After the occurrence of the primary generation of antibodies, against an antigenic epitope, idiotypes of these antibodies induce anti‐idiotypic antibodies that modulate the intensity of the first response, and so on. Adverse effects following SARS‐COV‐2 COVID‐19 vaccines are occasionally similar to the symptoms of COVID‐19 infection. Rare events linked to SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines also resemble some rarely reported COVID‐19 complications. Safety data from product information by European Medicines Agency suggest that spectra do overlap for four main vaccines. The proposition is that vaccine events and COVID‐19 complications are related to anti‐idiotypic antibodies whose spatial shape can lead to interactions with ACE2 molecules, in individuals with a prolonged Spike protein synthesis. The vaccines target cells by their affinity to the vaccine vector, or to engulf lipid nanoparticles. Anti‐idiotypic antibodies shaped similarly to the Spike protein possibly interact with ACE2 molecules and cause diverse signs and symptoms.
Quercetin attenuates angiotensin II‐induced proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and p53 pathway activation in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Ali Farman , Wang Di , Cheng Ying , Wu Meizhu , Saleem Muhammad Zubair , Wei Lihui , Xie Yi , Yan Mengchao , Chu Jiangfeng , Yang Yanyan , Shen Aling , Peng Jun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractQuercetin is an essential flavonoid mostly found in herbal plants, fruits, and vegetables, which exhibits anti‐hypertension properties. However, its pharmacological impact on angiotensin II (Ang II) induced the increase of blood pressure along with in‐depth mechanism needs further exploration. The present study pointed out the anti‐hypertensive role of quercetin and its comprehensive fundamental mechanisms. Our data showed that quercetin treatment substantially reduced the increase in blood pressure, pulse wave velocity, and aortic thickness of abdominal aorta in Ang II‐infused C57BL/6 mice. RNA sequencing revealed that quercetin treatment reversed 464 differentially expressed transcripts in the abdominal aorta of Ang II‐infused mice. Moreover, overlapping KEGG‐enriched signaling pathways identified multiple common pathways between the comparison of Ang II versus control and Ang II + quercetin versus Ang II. Likewise, these pathways included cell cycle as well as p53 pathways. Transcriptome was further validated by immunohistochemistry, indicating that quercetin treatment significantly decreased the Ang II‐induced expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cyclin‐dependent kinase‐4 (CDK4), and cyclin D1, while increased protein expression of p53, and p21 in abdominal aortic tissues of mice. In vitro, quercetin treatment meaningfully decreased the cell viability, arrested cell cycle at G0/G1 phase, and up‐regulated the p53 and p21 proteins expression, as well as down‐regulated the protein expression of cell cycle‐related markers, for example, CDK4, cyclin D1 in Ang II stimulated vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). This study addresses pharmacologic and mechanistic perspectives of quercetin against Ang‐II‐induced vascular injury and the increase of blood pressure.
Control of biomaterial‐associated infections through biofabrication of gold nanoparticles using Musa sapientum extract
Authors: Paosen Supakit , Bilhman Siwaporn , Wunnoo Suttiwan , Ramanathan Srinivasan , Septama Abdi Wira , Lethongkam Sakkarin , Voravuthikunchai Supayang Piyawan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBiofilm‐associated infections are a critical element in infectious diseases and play an important role in antibiotic resistance. Biosynthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using ethanolic extract of Musa sapientum unripe fruit were performed. The nanoparticles demonstrated an absorption peak at 554 nm with particle sizes ranging from 5.45 to 104.44 nm. High negative zeta potential value of −33.97 mV confirmed the high stability of AuNPs. The presence of bioconstituents responsible for capping and stabilization was indicated by intensity changes of several peaks from Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the biosynthesized AuNPs against important pathogens ranged from 10 to 40 μg mL−1. Synthesized nanoparticles at 0.062 to 0.5 × MIC significantly inhibited biofilm formation in all the tested microorganisms (p < 0.05). Scanning electron microscopy and confocal scanning laser microscopy images clearly illustrated in disruption and architectural changes of microbial biofilms at sub‐MIC of biosynthesized AuNPs. Excellent antioxidant and antityrosinase activities of AuNPs were observed. The biosynthesized AuNPs at 20 μg mL−1 significantly inhibited nitric oxide production by 93% in lipopolysaccharide‐stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, compared with control (p < 0.05). The biosynthesized AuNPs at 0.6 to 40 μg mL−1 demonstrated no toxic effects on L929 fibroblast cells.