bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical Titration of Promoted Ag/α‐Al2O3 Ethylene Epoxidation Catalysts
Authors: Iyer Krishna R. , Bhan Aditya 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe enumerate the active site density for a promoted Ag/α‐Al2O3 ethylene epoxidation catalyst (35 wt.% Ag) by using trifluoroethanol as a chemical titrant. Trifluoroethanol, when introduced into the reactant stream, deprotonates to deposit stable trifluoroethoxy or trifluoromethyl groups on the Ag surface and inhibits ethylene oxide (EO) rates, thus enabling us to assess catalytic site densities. Active site densities vary between 52 and 69 μmolTFE  gcat−1 across different chlorine coverages (0–0.4 monolayers) and different oxygen concentrations (2.5–7.7 mol%) in the reactor feed. Site densities measured by in situ trifluoroethanol chemical titration are distinct compared to those evaluated using ex‐situ N2O decomposition (12.3 μmolN2O gcat−1) suggesting that dynamic restructuring of the Ag surface under reaction conditions may render pre‐reaction chemisorption measurements insufficient to accurately enumerate the active sites relevant for ethylene epoxidation.
Dynamic Magnetic Properties of Germole‐ligated Lanthanide Sandwich Complexes
Authors: De Siddhartha , Mondal Arpan , Ruan Ze‐Yu , Tong Ming‐Liang , Layfield Richard A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe first germole‐ligated single‐molecule magnets are reported, with contrasting properties found for the near‐linear sandwich complexes [(η8‐COT)Ln(η5‐CpGe]−, where Ln=Dy (1Dy) or Er (1Er), COT is cyclo‐octatetraenyl and CpGe is [GeC4‐2,5‐(SiMe3)2‐3,4‐Me2]2−. Whereas 1Er has an energy barrier of 120(1) cm−1 in zero applied field and open hysteresis loops up to 10 K, the relaxation in 1Dy is characterized by quantum tunneling within the ground state.
Modifications of Acyl Carrier Protein‐Bound Glycosylated Polyketides in Pactamycin Biosynthesis
Authors: Eida Auday A. , Samadi Arash , Tsunoda Takeshi , Mahmud Taifo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe potent antitumor antibiotic pactamycin is an aminocyclopentitol‐containing natural product produced by the soil bacterium Streptomyces pactum. Recent studies showed that the aminocyclopentitol unit is derived from N‐acetyl‐D‐glucosamine, which is attached to an acyl carrier protein (ACP)‐bound polyketide by a glycosyltransferase enzyme, PtmJ. Here, we report a series of post‐glycosylation modifications of the sugar moiety of the glycosylated polyketide while it is still attached to the carrier protein. In vitro reconstitution of PtmS (an AMP‐ligase), PtmI (an ACP), PtmJ, PtmN (an oxidoreductase), PtmA (an aminotransferase), and PtmB (a putative carbamoyltransferase) showed that the N‐acetyl‐D‐glucosamine moiety of the glycosylated polyketide is first oxidized by PtmN and then transaminated by PtmA to give ACP‐bound 3‐amino‐3‐deoxy‐N‐acetyl‐D‐glucosaminyl polyketide. The amino group is then coupled with carbamoyl phosphate by PtmB to give a urea functionality. We also show that PtmG is a deacetylase that hydrolyses the C‐2 N‐acetyl group to give a free amine.
A model offluid–structureand biochemical interactions for applications to subclinical leaflet thrombosis
Authors: Barrett Aaron , Brown Jordan A. , Smith Margaret Anne , Woodward Andrew , Vavalle John P. , Kheradvar Arash , Griffith Boyce E. , Fogelson Aaron L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSubclinical leaflet thrombosis (SLT) is a potentially serious complication of aortic valve replacement with a bioprosthetic valve in which blood clots form on the replacement valve. SLT is associated with increased risk of transient ischemic attacks and strokes and can progress to clinical leaflet thrombosis. SLT following aortic valve replacement also may be related to subsequent structural valve deterioration, which can impair the durability of the valve replacement. Because of the difficulty in clinical imaging of SLT, models are needed to determine the mechanisms of SLT and could eventually predict which patients will develop SLT. To this end, we develop methods to simulate leaflet thrombosis that combine fluid–structure interaction and a simplified thrombosis model that allows for deposition along the moving leaflets. Additionally, this model can be adapted to model deposition or absorption along other moving boundaries. We present convergence results and quantify the model's ability to realize changes in valve opening and pressures. These new approaches are an important advancement in our tools for modeling thrombosis because they incorporate both adhesion to the surface of the moving leaflets and feedback to the fluid–structure interaction.
Bolt looseness detection based on Canny edge detection algorithm
Authors: Song Daoyuan , Xu Xinghua , Cui Xiaopeng , Ou Yangbin , Chen Weiming 
Published: April 2023

SummaryAiming at current serious problems that the bolt looseness can cause heavy damages and the manual bolt looseness detection is ineffective, this study presents a bolt looseness detection method based on Canny edge detector. First, HSV (hue, saturation, value) color space is used to extract the area of mark bar. Then, after expanding, eroding and median filtering the image, Canny edge detector is used to segment the marker area to extract its edge. Last, the fitted slope of edge is used to judge whether the bolt is loose. The experimental results show that the proposed method has F1 score of 88.37%, contributing to the automated detection of bolt looseness.
NMR Study of CO2 Capture by Butylamine and Oligopeptide KDDE in Aqueous Solution: Capture Efficiency and Gibbs Free Energy of the Capture Reaction as a Function of pH**
Authors: Yang Kaidi , Schell Joseph , Gallazzi Fabio , Wycoff Wei , Glaser Rainer 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe have been interested in the development of rubisco‐based biomimetic systems for reversible CO2 capture from air. Our design of the chemical CO2 capture and release (CCR) system is informed by the understanding of the binding of the activator CO2 (ACO2) in rubisco (ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase). The active site consists of the tetrapeptide sequence Lys‐Asp‐Asp‐Glu (or KDDE) and the Lys sidechain amine is responsible for the CO2 capture reaction. We are studying the structural chemistry and the thermodynamics of CO2 capture based on the tetrapeptide CH3CO−KDDE−NH2 (“KDDE”) in aqueous solution to develop rubisco mimetic CCR systems. Here, we report the results of 1H NMR and 13C NMR analyses of CO2 capture by butylamine and by KDDE. The carbamylation of butylamine was studied to develop the NMR method and with the protocol established, we were able to quantify the oligopeptide carbamylation at much lower concentration. We performed a pH profile in the multi equilibrium system and measured amine species and carbamic acid/carbamate species by the integration of 1H NMR signals as a function of pH in the range 8≤pH≤11. The determination of ΔG1(R) for the reaction R−NH2+CO2
R−NH−COOH requires the solution of a multi‐equilibrium equation system, which accounts for the dissociation constants K2 and K3 controlling carbonate and bicarbonate concentrations, the acid dissociation constant K4 of the conjugated acid of the amine, and the acid dissociation constant K5 of the alkylcarbamic acid. We show how the multi‐equilibrium equation system can be solved with the measurements of the daughter/parent ratio X, the knowledge of the pH values, and the initial concentrations [HCO3−]0 and [R‐NH2]0. For the reaction energies of the carbamylations of butylamine and KDDE, our best values are ΔG1(Bu)=−1.57 kcal/mol and ΔG1(KDDE)=−1.17 kcal/mol. Both CO2 capture reactions are modestly exergonic and thereby ensure reversibility in an energy‐efficient manner. These results validate the hypothesis that KDDE‐type oligopeptides may serve as reversible CCR systems in aqueous solution and guide designs for their improvement.
Fate‐mapping studies in inbred mice: A model for understanding macrophage development and homeostasis?
Authors: Hume David A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) was defined in the early 1970s as a family of cells including progenitors, monocytes in the circulation, and resident tissue macrophages. They arise during development in three waves, in the yolk sac, fetal liver, and bone marrow. Fate‐mapping studies using conditional reporter genes and regulated expression of cre recombinase have led to the view that most resident tissue macrophage populations are established during embryonic development and maintained in the adult by self‐renewal with minimal input from bone marrow progenitors or blood monocytes. The interpretation of fate‐mapping studies depends upon multiple assumptions: (i) that expression of cre recombinase has no effect on monocyte‐macrophage homeostasis, (ii) that tamoxifen is a neutral agonist, (iii) that life in an SPF animal facility reflects the normal life course of a mouse, and (iv) that the C57Bl/6J inbred mouse is a generalizable model and the biology of the MPS is unaffected by mouse genetic background or species. This review summarizes evidence that questions each of these assumptions and concludes that fate‐mapping studies may over‐estimate the longevity and relative contribution of fetal‐derived cells to resident tissue macrophage populations. In the opinion of the author, the original concept of the MPS does not require revision.
Exploring the effects of palm kernel meal feeding on the meat quality and rumen microorganisms of Qinghai Tibetan sheep
Authors: Ma Ying , Han Lijuan , Raza Sayed Haidar Abbas , Gui Linsheng , Zhang Xue , Hou Shengzhen , Sun Shengnan , Yuan Zhenzhen , Wang Zhiyou , Yang Baochun , Hassan Mohamed M. , Alghsham Ruqaih S. , Al Abdulmonem Waleed , Alkhalil Samia S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPalm kernel meal (PKM) has been shown to be a high‐quality protein source in ruminant feeds. This study focused on the effects of feed, supplemented with different amounts of PKM (ZL‐0 as blank group, and ZL‐15, ZL‐18, and ZL‐21 as treatment group), on the quality and flavor profile of Tibetan sheep meat. Furthermore, the deposition of beneficial metabolites in Tibetan sheep and the composition of rumen microorganisms on underlying regulatory mechanisms of meat quality were studied based on ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry as well as 16S rDNA sequencing. The results of the study showed that Tibetan sheep in the ZL‐18 group exhibited superior eating quality and flavor profile while depositing more protein and fat relative to the other groups. The ZL‐18 group also changed significantly in terms of the concentration and metabolic pathways of meat metabolites, as revealed by metabolomics. Metabolomics and correlation analyses finally showed that PKM feed mainly affected carbohydrate metabolism in muscle, which in turn affects meat pH, tenderness, and flavor. In addition, 18% of PKM increased the abundance of Christensenellaceae R‐7 group, Ruminococcaceae UCG‐013, Lachnospiraceae UCG‐002, and Family XIII AD3011 group in the rumen but decreased the abundance of Prevotella 1; the above bacteria groups regulate meat quality by regulating rumen metabolites (succinic acid, DL‐glutamic acid, etc.). Overall, the addition of PKM may improve the quality and flavor of the meat by affecting muscle metabolism and microorganisms in the rumen.
Functional profile and encapsulating properties of Colocasia esculenta (Taro)
Authors: Zubair Muhammad Waqas , Imran Ali , Islam Fakhar , Afzaal Muhammad , Saeed Farhan , Zahra Syeda Mahvish , Akhtar Muhammad Nadeem , Noman Muhammad , Ateeq Huda , Aslam Muhammad Arslan , Mehta Shilpa , Shah Mohd Asif , Awuchi Chinaza Godswill 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEspecially in tropical and subtropical countries, tuber and root crops have developed into important food crops. Due to its use in food preparation, aesthetics, and medicine, taro (Colocasia esculenta) is ranked as the fifth most important root crop. In comparison, it stores a considerable quantity of starch – even more than potatoes, sweet potatoes, cassava, and other similar crops. Colocasia leaves are lower in calories and high in dietary fiber minerals and proteins. The corms of Colocasia antiquorum contain anthocyanins such as pelargonidin‐3‐glucoside, cyanidin‐3‐glucoside, and cyanidin‐3‐chemnoside, which are reported to possess antifungal and antioxidative characteristics. The underground corms of taro (Colocasia esculenta), which contain 70%–80% starch, are the primary reason for its cultivation. Taro is a highly digestible root vegetable with a high content of mucilaginous gums and trivial starchy granules. It is used to make a variety of dishes. This review article highlights the functional properties, phytochemical profile, encapsulating properties, and various industrial applications. Its health advantages and dietary uses were also addressed.
How health literacy associates with healthcare utilization and health promotion behaviours in Turkey?: Contributions to discussions concerning the Anderson model and ecological models
Authors: Tüzün Hakan , Özkan Seçil , Dikmen Asiye Uğraş , Aksakal Nur Baran , Çalışkan Deniz , Taşçı Özge , Ünal Selime Ceylan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study examined how health literacy (HL) levels are associated with health care utilization (HCU) and health promotion behaviours (HPB) in Turkey.MethodsWe conducted face‐to‐face interviews and utilised the Turkish HL Scale‐32 (n = 6228).ResultsHL score was inversely related to the number of outpatient admissions (OAs) (β = −0.001) and emergency department admissions (EAs) (β = −0.006) in the Poisson regression model. Sex, age, perceived health, income group, and education level were other variables related to the number of OAs and EAs. Health literacy levels were related to physical activity (PA) (for excellent HL, OR: 3.93 (95% CI: 2.54–6.08)) and acquiring healthy eating habits (HEHs) (for excellent HL, OR: 3.56 (95% CI: 2.40–5.29) in the logistic regression model. Education levels are related to PA, HEHs, and smoking cessation or reduction. Income groups, except those with very sufficient income, are related to PA and HEHs.ConclusionImproving HL can help reduce health admissions. The relationship of HCU with gender, age, education, perceived health, and income group supports the Anderson model. Limited HL groups should be prioritised as risk groups in health promotion programs. The association of HL and socio‐economic variables with HPB supports the ecological model.
Understanding trend inflation through the lens of the goods and services sectors
Authors: Eo Yunjong , Uzeda Luis , Wong Benjamin 
Published: April 2023

SummaryWe distinguish between the goods and services sectors in an unobserved components model of U.S. inflation. We find that prior to the early 1990s, both sectors contributed to volatility of aggregate trend inflation, while since then, this has been predominantly driven by the services sector, with the trend in goods inflation being essentially flat. We document that the large reduction in the volatility of the trend for goods inflation has been the most important driver of the decline in the volatility in aggregate trend inflation reported by Stock and Watson (2007). Our results appear robust to COVID‐19 inflation developments.
Emerging potential of phototherapy in management of symptomatic oral lichen planus: A systematic review of randomised controlled clinical trials
Authors: Hanna Reem , Dalvi Snehal , Tomov Georgi , Hopper Colin , Rebaudi Federico , Rebaudi Alberto Luigi , Bensadoun René Jean 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPhototherapy incorporating photobiomodulation therapy and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy has been utilised as antioxidants in symptomatic oral lichen planus (OLP) management; however, its role of intervention remains controversial. The aim of this systematic review of CRD42021227788 PROSPERO (an international prospective register of systematic reviews in health and social care) registration number was to oversee and determine phototherapy efficacy in patients with symptomatic OLP, identifying and bridging the literature gaps by proposing recommendations for future studies. A search strategy was developed in consistent with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Various electronic databases were exercised to search for randomised controlled clinical trials (RCTs). Several search engines were employed to analyse a total of 177 studies of which nine included. A wide range of utilised laser and light‐emitted diode wavelengths between 630 and 808 nm and irradiance ranged between 10 and 13 mW/cm2were noted. 67% of studies reported a high risk of bias and a high heterogeneity obtained from numerical data for quantitative analysis, therefore meta‐analysis was impossible to conduct. Despite inconsistency and diversity in phototherapy parameters, treatment protocols, photosensitiser (type, concentration and method of application) and outcome assessment tools, the majority of the studies showed positive results compared with standard care treatments. Hence, a necessity to perform well‐designed RCTs with robust methodology is warranted, after acknowledging the current drawbacks and addressing the suggested recommendations highlighted in our review. Moreover, advanced knowledge in understanding further phototherapy‐antioxidants molecular mechanistic in symptomatic OLP is required.
Biochanin‐A alleviates fibrosis and inflammation in cardiac injury in mice
Authors: Sharma Meemansha , Singh Thakur Uttam , Rana Abhinav , Kumar Tarun , Gari Manju , Mani Pashupathi , Lingaraju Madhu Cholenahalli , Parida Subhashree , Singh Vidya , Sahoo Monalisa , Kumar Dinesh 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBiochanin‐A (BCA), is an isoflavonoid, exhibits protective effects against various diseases. This study was conducted to observe the effect of BCA on isoprenaline (ISP)‐induced cardiac fibrosis and explore the underlying mechanism. The curative effect of BCA was investigated with oral administration for 14 days in ISP‐induced cardiac fibrosis in mice. The fibrotic biomarkers, like collagen I and III, were estimated by ELISA. Commercial kits were used to estimate cholesterol, triglycerides, and creatine kinase‐myocardial band (CK‐MB) levels. The messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression studies were performed by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Gelatin zymography was used to study the expression of matrix metalloproteinases‐2 (MMP‐2). BCA co‐administration significantly improved the morphometric parameters; including heart weight, heart weight to body weight, heart weight to tibial length, and lipid profile. BCA treatment showed a reduction in inflammatory cells and collagen deposition as depicted in the histopathology of heart tissues. The enhanced levels of collagen‐I, III, and hydroxyproline were significantly decreased by BCA co‐treatment, whereas CK‐MB level was reduced slightly. BCA co‐administration increased the activity of reduced glutathione enzyme, showing the antioxidative effects of BCA. BCA treatment significantly reduced interleukin‐6 (Il6) inflammatory cytokine along with partially decreased mRNA expression of fibrotic signaling markers such as natriuretic peptide type B (Nppb), α‐smooth muscle actin (Acta2), connective tissue growth factor (Ctgf), transforming growth factor β (Tgfb), small mothers against decapentaplegic homolog‐3 (Smad‐3). However, BCA did not modify Mmp‐2 expression, which was significantly increased by ISP. In conclusion, BCA exerts an antifibrotic effect by modulating lipid profile, enhancing antioxidant enzyme, and reducing collagen content and inflammation.
Effect of social cohesion on crime control strategies among rural dwellers in Nigeria
Authors: Adeleke Gbadebo Fatai , Lawal Musediq Olufemi , Lanre‐Babalola Folake Olubunmi , Akinpelu Temitayo Oluwakemi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study examined how social cohesion variables, SCV are associated with effective crime control strategies, CCS in Nigeria's rural areas. With mixed‐methods, we collected data from 3408 participants and 12 interviewees in 48 rural areas; the results showed that strong SCV indirectly hindered an effective CCS. Significant correlation was found between SCV and CCS. The SCV are shared emotions, strong‐family and religious‐ties, mutual‐trust, communal cohesion, well‐articulated common information network, and longstanding age‐group bond. The CCS adopted by the law enforcement agents were largely ineffective; these strategies are indiscriminate arrest or search with/without warrant, secret deployment of informants, liaising with local security guards and prompt documentation of cases. Other strategies include monitoring crime black‐spots, collaboration among different security agencies, awareness programs and strong community‐police relationship. There is a need for public awareness about the negative effects of communal bond on crime control to have a crime‐free society in Nigeria.
GDNF family receptor alpha‐like antagonist antibody alleviates chemotherapy‐induced cachexia in melanoma‐bearing mice
Authors: Lee Beom Yong , Jeong Jongwon , Jung Inseong , Cho Hanchae , Jung Dokyung , Shin Jiwon , Park Jun‐kook , Park Eunju , Noh Soojeong , Shin Sanghee , Kang Sungmin , Heo Jong‐Ik , Baek Moon‐Chang , Yea Kyungmoo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy experience cachexia with anorexia, body weight loss, and the depletion of skeletal muscles and adipose tissues. Effective treatment strategies for chemotherapy‐induced cachexia are scarce. The growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15)/GDNF family receptor alpha‐like (GFRAL)/rearranged during transfection (RET) axis is a critical signalling pathway in chemotherapy‐induced cachexia. In this study, we developed a fully human GFRAL antagonist antibody and investigated whether it inhibits the GDF15/GFRAL/RET axis, thereby alleviating chemotherapy‐induced cachexia in tumour‐bearing mice.MethodsAnti‐GFRAL antibodies were selected via biopanning, using a human combinatorial antibody phage library. The potent GFRAL antagonist antibody A11 was selected via a reporter cell assay and its inhibitory activity of GDF15‐induced signalling was evaluated using western blotting. To investigate the in vivo function of A11, a tumour‐bearing mouse model was established by inoculating 8‐week‐old male C57BL/6 mice with B16F10 cells (n = 10–16 mice per group). A11 was administered subcutaneously (10 mg/kg) 1 day before intraperitoneal treatment with cisplatin (10 mg/kg). Animals were assessed for changes in food intake, body weight, and tumour volume. Plasma and key metabolic tissues such as skeletal muscles and adipose tissues were collected for protein and mRNA expression analysis.ResultsA11 reduced serum response element‐luciferase reporter activity up to 74% (P < 0.005) in a dose‐dependent manner and blocked RET phosphorylation up to 87% (P = 0.0593), AKT phosphorylation up to 28% (P = 0.0593) and extracellular signal regulatory kinase phosphorylation up to 75% (P = 0.0636). A11 inhibited the action of cisplatin‐induced GDF15 on the brainstem and decreased GFRAL‐positive neuron population expressing c‐Fos in the area postrema and nucleus of the solitary tract by 62% in vivo (P < 0.05). In a melanoma mouse model treated with cisplatin, A11 recovered anorexia by 21% (P < 0.05) and tumour‐free body weight loss by 13% (P < 0.05). A11 significantly improved the cisplatin‐induced loss of skeletal muscles (quadriceps: 21%, gastrocnemius: 9%, soleus: 13%, P < 0.05) and adipose tissues (epididymal white adipose tissue: 37%, inguinal white adipose tissue: 51%, P < 0.05).ConclusionsOur study suggests that GFRAL antagonist antibody may alleviate chemotherapy‐induced cachexia, providing a novel therapeutic approach for patients with cancer experiencing chemotherapy‐induced cachexia.