bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WALLABY Pilot Survey: hydra cluster galaxies UV and H imorphometrics
Authors: Holwerda Benne W , Bigiel Frank , Bosma Albert , Courtois Helene M , Deg Nathan , Dénes Helga , Elagali Ahmed , For Bi-Qing , Koribalski Baerbel , Leahy Denis A , Lee-Waddell Karen , López-Sánchez Ángel R , Oh Se-Heon , Reynolds Tristan N , Rhee Jonghwan , Spekkens Kristine , Wang Jing , Westmeier Tobias , Wong O Ivy 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTGalaxy morphology in atomic hydrogen (H i) and in the ultraviolet (UV) are closely linked. This has motivated their combined use to quantify morphology over the full H i disc for both H i and UV imaging. We apply galaxy morphometrics: concentration, asymmetry, gini, M20 and multimode-intensity-deviation statistics to the first moment-0 maps of the WALLABY Survey of galaxies in the hydra cluster centre. Taking advantage of this new H i survey, we apply the same morphometrics over the full H i extent on archival GALEX FUV and NUV data to explore how well H i truncated, extended ultraviolet disc (XUV) and other morphological phenomena can be captured using pipeline WALLABY data products. Extended H i and UV discs can be identified relatively straightforward from their respective concentration. Combined with WALLABY H i, even the shallowest GALEX data are sufficient to identify XUV discs. Our second goal is to isolate galaxies undergoing ram-pressure stripping in the H i morphometric space. We employ four different machine learning techniques, a decision tree, a k-nearest neighbour, a support-vector machine, and a random forest. Up to 80 per cent precision and recall are possible with the random forest giving the most robust results.
CANCER RISK ESTIMATION FOR PATIENTS UNDERGOING WHOLE-BODY PET/CT SCANS
Authors: Kessara Aida , Buyukcizmeci Nihal , Gedik Gonca Kara 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The objective of this paper was to compute the effective dose, as well as the lifetime attributable risk (LAR) of cancer related to whole-body positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) scan for 193 adult patients. The mean effective dose for all patients from a single PET/CT scan was 20.6 mSv. For males aged 40 y, a single PET/CT scan is associated with a LAR of cancer incidence of 0.169%. This risk increased to 0.85% if an annual surveillance protocol for 5 y was performed. For female patients aged 40 y, the LAR of cancer mortality increased from 0.126 to 0.63% if an annual surveillance protocol for 5 y was performed. Since PET/CT scans are associated with a high dose and a risk of developing cancer, it was important to balance the advantages and risks before conducting any scans. This is especially important for younger patients and those who are overweight.
Na/K‐ATPasesignaling tonically inhibits sodium reabsorption in the renal proximal tubule
Authors: Mukherji Shreya T. , Brambilla Luca , Stuart Kailey B. , Mayes Isabella , Kutz Laura C. , Chen Yiliang , Barbosa Leandro A. , Elmadbouh Ibrahim , McDermott Jeff P. , Haller Steven T. , Romero Michael F. , Soleimani Manoocher , Liu Jiang , Shapiro Joseph I. , Blanco Gustavo V. , Xie Zijian , Pierre Sandrine V. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThrough its classic ATP‐dependent ion‐pumping function, basolateral Na/K‐ATPase (NKA) generates the Na+gradient that drives apical Na+reabsorption in the renal proximal tubule (RPT), primarily through the Na+/H+exchanger (NHE3). Accordingly, activation of NKA‐mediated ion transport decreases natriuresis through activation of basolateral (NKA) and apical (NHE3) Na+reabsorption. In contrast, activation of the more recently discovered NKA signaling function triggers cellular redistribution of RPT NKA and NHE3 and decreases Na+reabsorption. We used gene targeting to test the respective contributions of NKA signaling and ion pumping to the overall regulation of RPT Na+reabsorption. Knockdown of RPT NKA in cells and mice increased membrane NHE3 and Na+/HCO3−cotransporter (NBCe1A). Urine output and absolute Na+excretion decreased by 65%, driven by increased RPT Na+reabsorption (as indicated by decreased lithium clearance and unchanged glomerular filtration rate), and accompanied by elevated blood pressure. This hyper reabsorptive phenotype was rescued upon crossing with RPT NHE3−/−mice, confirming the importance of NKA/NHE3 coupling. Hence, NKA signaling exerts a tonic inhibition on Na+reabsorption by regulating key apical and basolateral Na+transporters. This action, lifted upon NKA genetic suppression, tonically counteracts NKA's ATP‐driven function of basolateral Na+reabsorption. Strikingly, NKA signaling is not only physiologically relevant but it also appears to be functionally dominant over NKA ion pumping in the control of RPT reabsorption.
Soy‐fortelin: A ghrelin sensitivity‐enhancing peptide that stimulates food intake in aged mice
Authors: Shimizu Ken , Kaneko Kentaro , Koyama Daiki , Ohinata Kousaku 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGhrelin sensitivity is known to decrease with aging in mice and humans, and the decrease contributes to anorexia with aging. In this study, we discovered novel ghrelin sensitivity‐enhancing peptides. Ghrelin sensitivity was evaluated by examining whether dipeptide samples enhanced the calcium response to ghrelin in the growth hormone secretagogue receptor‐transfected cell line. First, dipeptides were screened using a 336‐dipeptide library and we revealed that Ser‐Tyr (SY) potentiated ghrelin sensitivity in particular. Based on the structure‐activity relationship determined using the dipeptide library and comprehensive analysis of peptides in the chymotrypsin digest of soy β‐conglycinin (β‐CG), which enhanced ghrelin sensitivity, candidate peptides were narrowed down. Among the chemosynthesized peptides, we discovered that an undecapeptide, SLVNNDDRDSY, corresponding to β‐CGα(267‐277), stimulated ghrelin sensitivity in vitro. This peptide enhanced the orexigenic activity of ghrelin in C57BL/6 mice and stimulated food intake. Thus, we demonstrated that SLVNNDDRDSY stimulated ghrelin sensitivity in vitro and in vivo and named it “soy‐fortelin”. Moreover, orally administered soy‐fortelin had a similar but smaller effect in the young C57BL/6 mice, whereas it strongly stimulated food intake in 2‐year‐old aged mice that exhibited high blood ghrelin levels and low ghrelin sensitivity. In conclusion, we discovered soy‐fortelin as a novel peptide that enhances ghrelin sensitivity in vivo and in vitro and increases food intake in young and aged ghrelin‐resistant mice. Soy‐fortelin is the first food‐derived peptide reported to enhance ghrelin sensitivity.
Mitigating the detrimental developmental impact of early fetal alcohol exposure using a maternal methyl donor‐enriched diet
Authors: Breton‐Larrivée Mélanie , Elder Elizabeth , Legault Lisa‐Marie , Langford‐Avelar Alexandra , MacFarlane Amanda J. , McGraw Serge 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFetal alcohol exposure at any stage of pregnancy can lead to fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), a group of life‐long conditions characterized by congenital malformations, as well as cognitive, behavioral, and emotional impairments. The teratogenic effects of alcohol have long been publicized; yet fetal alcohol exposure is one of the most common preventable causes of birth defects. Currently, alcohol abstinence during pregnancy is the best and only way to prevent FASD. However, alcohol consumption remains astoundingly prevalent among pregnant women; therefore, additional measures need to be made available to help protect the developing embryo before irreparable damage is done. Maternal nutritional interventions using methyl donors have been investigated as potential preventative measures to mitigate the adverse effects of fetal alcohol exposure. Here, we show that a single acute preimplantation (E2.5; 8‐cell stage) fetal alcohol exposure (2 × 2.5 g/kg ethanol with a 2h interval) in mice leads to long‐term FASD‐like morphological phenotypes (e.g. growth restriction, brain malformations, skeletal delays) in late‐gestation embryos (E18.5) and demonstrate that supplementing the maternal diet with a combination of four methyl donor nutrients, folic acid, choline, betaine, and vitamin B12, prior to conception and throughout gestation effectively reduces the incidence and severity of alcohol‐induced morphological defects without altering DNA methylation status of imprinting control regions and regulation of associated imprinted genes. This study clearly supports that preimplantation embryos are vulnerable to the teratogenic effects of alcohol, emphasizes the dangers of maternal alcohol consumption during early gestation, and provides a potential proactive maternal nutritional intervention to minimize FASD progression, reinforcing the importance of adequate preconception and prenatal nutrition.
Treatment Response After Pressurized IntraPeritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) for Peritoneal Metastases of Colorectal Originf
Authors: Hübner Martin , Somashekhar S. P. , Teixeira Farinha Hugo , Abba Julio , Rao Ramya G. , Alyami Mohammad , Willaert Wouter ,   on behalf of the PIPAC study group
Published: March 2023

Objective:
The objective of this study is to analyze oncological outcomes of patients with peritoneal metastases (PM) of colorectal origin treated with Pressurized IntraPeritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC).

Background:
PIPAC has been demonstrated to be a feasible and safe novel treatment for patients with PM of various origins. Only small series reports on survival after PIPAC by disease entity.

Methods:
International retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients with PM of colorectal origin. Outcome measures were overall survival (OS), radiological response according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST), histological response (peritoneal regression grading score [PRGS]: complete response: 1–4: no response), change of peritoneal cancer index (PCI), and symptom control.

Results:
Seventeen eligible centers compiled 256 non-selected patients (mean age 61 [50.6–69.2], 43% female) and 606 procedures. Sixty-three percent were treated after 2 lines of chemotherapy, median PCI at PIPAC1 was 18 (interquartile range [IQR] = 10–27). Median OS was 19.00 months (IQR = 12.9–29.8) from diagnosis and 9.4 months (IQR = 4.5–16.8) from PIPAC1. One hundred and four of 256 patients (40.6%) had ≥3 procedures (per protocol [pp]) with the following outcomes at PIPAC3: RECIST: 59.3% partial response/stable, 40.7% progression; mean PRGS: 2.1 ± 0.9. Median PCI was 21 (IQR = 15–29) at baseline and 20 (IQR = 12–27) at PIPAC3 (P = 0.02). Fifty-six (54%) and 48 (46%) patients were symptomatic at baseline and PIPAC3, respectively (P = 0.267). Median OS for the pp cohort was 11.9 months (IQR = 10.7–15.0) from PIPAC1. Independent predictors for survival were radiological response (HR = 3.0; 95% CI = 1.6–5.7) and no symptoms (HR = 4.5, 95% CI = 2.2–9.1) at PIPAC3.

Conclusions:
Objective treatment response and encouraging survival were demonstrated after PIPAC for colorectal PM. Prospective registry data and comparative studies are now needed in to confirm these data.
Predictors of rod length gain and sagittal alignment change after magnetically controlled growing rod lengthening
Authors: Asma Ali , Fralinger David , da Silva Luiz Carlos Almeida , Mackenzie W.G. Stuart , Gabos Peter G. , Mackenzie William G. , Shah Suken A. 
Published: March 2023

Study Design.
Retrospective cohort.

Objective.
There are preoperative characteristics that predict rod lengthening of magnetically controlled growing rods (MCGR). Lengthening of MCGR will lead to increased kyphosis.

Summary of Background Data.
The amount of length gained by MCGR is variable, and predictors are lacking. Similarly, sagittal plane changes over the MCGR lengthening period have not been investigated.

Methods.
Patients with MCGR and a minimum 2-year follow-up were identified and those with previous spine surgery were excluded. Pre-implantation, post-implantation, and last follow-up post-lengthening radiographs were examined. Multiple linear regression analyses were used for rod length gain predictors.

Results.
Fifty-six patients with early-onset scoliosis met inclusion criteria: nine idiopathic, five congenital, 14 neuromuscular, 20 syndromic, and eight skeletal dysplasia patients. No difference was seen between subtypes of early-onset scoliosis for rod length gain (P=0.62). Shorter preoperative T1-T12 height and higher curve correction rate after implantation were significant predictors for rod length gain (P<0.001). Preoperative major curve magnitude and kyphosis were not significant predictors. Flattening of the spine around the actuator and compensative increase in T1-T5 kyphosis were seen secondarily after MCGR implantation. Maximum sagittal kyphosis, T1-T5 kyphosis, and T5-T12 kyphosis did not change during lengthening. Lumbar lordosis significantly decreased post-implantation (first erect) but then increased during lengthening Pelvic incidence and sacral slope both increased during lengthening, but this may be age related.

Conclusion.
Patients who gained the most rod length with MCGR were those with an initially shorter T1-T12 height and better initial curve correction at implantation, likely representing that implants work best in small patients with flexible curves. Diagnosis, preoperative curve magnitude, and thoracic kyphosis were not related to rod length gain. Thoracic kyphosis did not deteriorate over the lengthening phase.

Level of Evidence.
Level III - Retrospective cohort study
An International Study on Violence and Aggression in Neuroscience Nursing
Authors: Woon Caroline 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The primary rationale for this study was to evaluate neuroscience registered nurses' (RNs') experience of violence and aggression internationally. The objectives were to determine how prevalent violence and aggression is in neuroscience nursing and the support and education provided. METHODS: Two online surveys were developed for neuroscience RN educators and RNs through SurveyMonkey. The questionnaires were distributed through RN organizations internationally in 2021. RESULTS: Two hundred seventy-two RNs responded to the survey. Most staff felt safe at work but had experienced some type of violence or aggression, with most experiencing verbal aggression. A variety of support existed for staff but lacked consistency, with some of the staff receiving more support from colleagues than their manager. Most RNs had received education in the management of violence and aggression, but some mentioned this was not specific to their neuroscience patient population, and most required further training. Thirty-one RN educators completed the survey, and the results were similar to those of the RN for education provision. Surprisingly, many neuroscience areas did not have a code system or personal alarms to alert staff to a violence or aggression emergency. CONCLUSION: Most RNs felt safe at work despite the high prevalence of violence and aggression experienced. Education was considered beneficial, but they desired more and further research into effective RN education. Effective support post incident needs to be determined. Protection for staff is paramount: few areas had code systems to raise an alarm for agitation, and few places of work had personal alarms that, if implemented, might enable a quicker response to prevent harm.
Strategies to Increase NCLEX Pass Rates
Authors: Cobourne Kaitlin 
Published: March 2023

Background:
One of the key indicators of a quality prelicensure nursing program is the NCLEX first-time pass rate. NCLEX-RN pass rates have been decreasing over the last several years.

Problem:
The decrease in NCLEX pass rates suggests that nursing programs analyze their curriculum with the goal of increasing NCLEX scores.

Approach:
One small associate degree in nursing program implemented strategic changes to positively improve NCLEX success, which included curriculum revisions and incorporating a clinical judgment framework.

Outcomes:
By using several innovative strategies, this program increased its first-time NCLEX pass rates by 24%.

Conclusions:
The purpose of this article is to provide strategies that significantly increased the NCLEX-RN pass rates within 1 year. With the Next Generation NCLEX's launch in April 2023, nursing programs must be proactive in identifying strategies to prepare students for the NCLEX.
Melanoma During Pregnancy as a Complicated Medical Problem
Authors: Kościelecka Klaudia , Kubik-Machura Daria , Kuć Aleksandra , Furmanek Florentyna , Męcik-Kronenberg Tomasz 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Importance
Pregnancy-associated melanomas (PAMs)—this is how melanomas identified during the childbearing years or up to 1 year after birth have been defined, accounting for one third of women in whom it is diagnosed. The exact epidemiology of melanoma is difficult to determine. However, its incidence is undoubtedly increasing, most likely related to the increasing age of mothers.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to review the prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment; the effect of melanoma on pregnancy; and the effect of pregnancy on melanoma and melanocytic lesions.

Evidence Acquisition
An extensive manual search of major electronic databases was conducted in January 2022. The following literature review provides comprehensive coverage of PAMs.

Results
Any new nevus detected during pregnancy and changes in the nevus regarding color, diameter, symmetry, or lesion border require medical evaluation. New therapies for malignant melanoma, such as immunotherapy and targeted therapy, have improved overall survival and progression-free survival, but their use is often contraindicated in pregnant patients. Melanoma is considered to be the neoplasm most commonly involving the fetus and placenta.

Conclusions
There are reports where immunotherapy and targeted therapy used in the patient were not associated with serious consequences for the fetus, being a therapeutic option for the patient. The described cases of pregnancy outcome during modern melanoma treatment are extremely important and may allow to shape the optimal therapeutic regimen in pregnant women with melanoma.

Relevance
Education of pregnant women in the context of observation of skin lesions as well as maintenance of oncological vigilance by physicians seem to be an important element in limiting difficult decisions related to therapy of more advanced disease. Further large-scale studies using modern treatment in pregnant women with melanoma are needed.

Target Audience
Obstetricians and gynecologists, family physicians.

Learning Objectives
After completing this activity, the learner should be better able to describe the importance of oncologic vigilance in the context of developing melanoma in a pregnant woman; discuss the need for further research on the use of immunotherapy and targeted therapy in pregnant women with melanoma; and explain the need for oncologic vigilance in the context of melanoma in children of mothers who developed melanoma during pregnancy.
The paracaspase MALT1 controls cholesterol homeostasis in glioblastoma stem-like cells through lysosome proteome shaping
Authors: Maghe Clément , Trillet Kilian , André-Grégoire Gwennan , Kerhervé Mathilde , Merlet Laura , Jacobs Kathryn A , Bidère Nicolas , Gavard Julie 
Published: March 2023

SUMMARYGlioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs) compose a tumor-initiating and -propagating population, remarkably vulnerable to any variation in the stability and integrity of the endolysosomal compartment. Previous work showed that the expression and activity of the paracaspase MALT1 control GSC viability via lysosomal abundance. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. By combining RNAseq with proteome-wide label-free quantification, we now report that MALT1 repression in patient-derived GSCs alters the cholesterol homeostasis, which aberrantly accumulates in lysosomes. This failure in cholesterol supply culminates in cell death and autophagy defects, which can be partially reverted by providing exogenous membrane-permeable cholesterol to GSCs. From a molecular standpoint, targeted lysosome proteome analysis unraveled that NPC lysosomal cholesterol transporters were exhausted when MALT1 was held in check. Accordingly, we found that hindering NPC1 and NPC2 phenocopies MALT1 inhibition. This supports the notion that GSC fitness relies on lysosomal cholesterol homeostasis.
A rugged yet easily navigable fitness landscape of antibiotic resistance
Authors: Papkou Andrei , Garcia-Pastor Lucia , Escudero José Antonio , Wagner Andreas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA fitness landscape is a biological analogue of a physical landscape, in which each genotype occupies a location whose elevation corresponds to fitness. Theoretical models predict that rugged fitness landscapes with multiple peaks should impair Darwinian evolution, because natural selection prevents evolving populations from traversing the valleys that lie between peaks. Experimental tests of this prediction are very limited. Here we combine CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing and deep sequencing to map the fitness landscape of more than 260’000 genotypes of theE. coli folAgene in an environment harboring the antibiotic trimethoprim. ThefolAgene encodes the key metabolic enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), which is also a target of this antibiotic. With 514 mostly low fitness peaks, the DHFR fitness landscape is rugged. Despite this ruggedness, its highest fitness peaks are easily accessible to evolving populations. Fitness-increasing paths to high fitness peaks are abundant, and individual peaks have large basins of attractions. The basins of different peaks overlap, which renders the outcome of adaptive evolution highly contingent on chance events. In sum, ruggedness need not be an obstacle to Darwinian evolution but can reduce its predictability. If true in general, evolutionary biology and other fields of sciences in which landscapes play an important role may have to re-appraise the complexity of optimization problems on realistic landscapes.