bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of long‐COVID symptoms in women infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 during pregnancy
Authors: Kandemir Hülya , Bülbül Gül Alkan , Kirtiş Emine , Güney Selin , Sanhal Cem Yaşar , Mendilcioğlu İbrahim İnanç 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the symptoms of Long COVID (LC), frequency of symptoms, and possible risk factors in women diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) during pregnancy.MethodsWe conducted a single‐center, cross‐sectional, retrospective study in 99 pregnant women who were polymerase chain reaction‐positive (PCR+) for COVID‐19 between March 1, 2020 and April 30, 2022. The control group consisted of 99 women who gave birth between these dates and did not have COVID‐19. We evaluated the clinical manifestations, symptom prevalence, and symptom characteristics of acute COVID‐19 and the LC in the PCR+ group as well as questioned the control group for LC symptoms.ResultsOf the women in the PCR+ group, 74 (74.7%) had at least one LC symptom, and the most common symptoms were fatigue (54; 72.9%), myalgia/arthralgia (49; 66.2%), and anosmia/ageusia (31; 41.9%). The rate of LC symptoms in the control group was 14 (14.1%). The prevalence of LC symptoms was higher in severely/critically symptomatic patients (23; 100%) in the acute period of disease than in asymptomatic/mildly symptomatic (51; 67.1%) (P = 0.005). Hospitalization during acute infection (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 13.30), having one or more symptoms (aOR = 4.75), and having symptoms such as cough (aOR = 6.27) and myalgia/arthralgia (aOR = 12.93) increased the likelihood of LC.ConclusionMany women experienced LC after suffering acute COVID‐19 in pregnancy, but LC prevalence was similar to the general population. LC correlates with severity, type, and number of symptoms of acute COVID‐19.
Conserving urban tropical biodiversity by connecting networks of green patches
Authors: Danneck Jennifer , Chin Fung Tiang Darrel , Ngo Duc Khanh , Azhar Badrul , Sanusi Ruzana , Campos‐Arceiz Ahimsa , Lechner Alex M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTropical Southeast Asia is a hotspot for global biodiversity, and also a hotspot for rapidly expanding urbanisation. There is a need to identify, protect, restore and connect remaining green spaces in the urban matrix before this opportunity is lost to urban development. The objective of this study is to characterise ecological connectivity for mammals and identify important patches and linkages for connecting urban green spaces for Greater Kuala Lumpur (KL), Malaysia. We first map land cover across the region using a linear mixture model with preprocessed multidate cloud‐free mosaics derived from Sentinel 2 remote sensing data in Google Earth Engine. We then model connectivity using the land cover maps, expert‐based parameterisation of Euclidian distance and graph‐based connectivity models for a range of dispersal guilds representing small and medium terrestrial and arboreal mammals. Our analysis showed large differences in the effects of fragmentation within Greater KL on the different dispersal groups, with some groups perceiving the landscape as disconnected. However, our analysis identified a network of green patches and pathways which potentially could support connectivity in the urban landscape. Our results demonstrate the potential for Southeast Asian megacities to support biodiversity in the urban context, and the potential for a different kind of urban development, which supports biodiversity in its urban fabric.
Follow up duration of phase III Multiple Myeloma Clinical Trials: A systematic review
Authors: Ali Mohammad O. , Abdullah Hafez M. , Obeidat Khaldun , Chakraborty Rajshekhar , Al Hadidi Samer 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLong‐term follow‐up of multiple myeloma (MM) clinical trials are needed to assess long‐term outcomes. We aimed to investigate the length of follow‐up of all phase III MM clinical trials. Median follow‐up duration of clinical trials of newly diagnosed MM was longer when compared to relapsed/refractory MM clinical trials (42.7 vs. 20.5 months, respectively). The follow‐up duration of phase III clinical trials in MM is relatively short when compared to the improved outcomes in the current era. Efforts should be made to facilitate long‐term clinical trials follow‐up and/or publication of results of updated results.
A classification of soil solid material for natural and anthropogenic soils
Authors: Kühn Dieter , Eberhardt Einar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSoil classification systems give an idea which soils are similar regarding their morphology (often developed through pedogenesis) and therefore assigned to the same class, and which are dissimilar and therefore assigned to another class. The morphological criteria are often selected along pedogenetic lines of thinking. Soil functions however often depend on other physical and chemical properties not covered in the same consistent and balanced way, for example neither in World Reference Base for Soil Resources nor US Soil Taxonomy. By using the concept of substrate, a concise and hierarchical soil solid material classification that can be used in parallel to a morphological or morphogenetic soil classification is described. It includes parent material genesis (geogenesis), fine earth texture, coarse fragments, lime and lithic carbon content, and rock type and enables to characterize the soil horizon material—as a complement to the pedogenetic horizon designation—and the entire soil profile—as a complement to the (genetic) soil type. The system covers natural and anthropogenic substrates (as found, e.g., in urban areas, on landfills, etc.). Its hierarchical approach can be used in single profile descriptions, but also in soil mapping, for which it provides a framework for delineation and rule‐based aggregation of spatial soil units.
Genome‐wide dissection of the genetic factors underlying food quality in boiled and pounded white Guinea yam
Authors: Asfaw Asrat , Agre Paterne , Matsumoto Ryo , Olatunji Alice Adenike , Edemodu Alex , Olusola Theresa , Odom‐Kolombia Oluchi Lawrencia , Adesokan Michael , Alamu Oladeji Emmanuel , Adebola Patrick , Asiedu Robert , Maziya‐Dixon Busie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDFood quality traits related to the genetics of yam influence the acceptability for its consumption. This study aimed at identifying genetic factors underlying sensory and textural quality attributes of boiled and pounded yam, the two dominant food products from white Guinea yam.RESULTSA genome‐wide association study (GWAS) of a panel of 184 genotypes derived from five multi‐parent crosses population was conducted. The panel was phenotyped for the qualities of boiled and pounded yam using sensory quality and instrument‐based textural profile assays. The genotypes displayed significant variation for most of the attributes. Population differentiation and structure analysis using principal component analysis (PCA) and population structure‐based Bayesian information criteria revealed the presence of four well‐defined clusters. The GWAS results from a multi‐random mixed linear model with kinship and PCA used as covariate identified 13 single‐nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) markers significantly associated with the boiled and pounded yam food qualities. The associated SNP markers explained 7.51–13.04% of the total phenotypic variance with a limit of detection exceeding 4.CONCLUSIONRegions on chromosomes 7 and 15 were found to be associated with boiled and pounded yam quality attributes from sensory and instrument‐based assays. Gene annotation analysis for the regions of associated SNPs revealed co‐localization of several known putative genes involved in glucose export, hydrolysis and glycerol metabolism. Our study is one of the first reports of genetic factors underlying the boiled and pounded yam food quality to pave the way for marker‐assisted selection in white Guinea yam. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Sensitivity enhancement of capillary electrophoresis‐frontal analysis‐based method for characterization of drug‐protein interactions using on‐line sample preconcentration
Authors: Bržezická Taťána , Glatz Zdeněk , Kohútová Lenka 
Published: June 2023

Capillary electrophoresis‐frontal analysis is one of the most frequently used approaches for the study of plasma protein‐drug interactions as a substantial part of new drug development. However, the capillary electrophoresis‐frontal analysis typically combined with ultraviolet‐visible detection suffers from insufficient concentration sensitivity, particularly for substances with limited solubility and low molar absorption coefficient. The sensitivity problem has been solved in this work by its combination with an on‐line sample preconcentration. According to the knowledge of the authors this combination has never been used to characterize plasma protein‐drug binding. It resulted in a fully automated and versatile methodology for the characterization of binding interactions. Further, the validated method minimalizes the experimental errors due to a reduction in the manipulation of samples. Moreover, employing an on‐line preconcentration strategy with capillary electrophoresis‐frontal analysis using human serum albumin‐salicylic acid as a model system improves the drug concentration sensitivity 17‐fold compared to the conventional method. The value of binding constant (1.51 ± 0.63) · 104 L/mol obtained by this new capillary electrophoresis‐frontal analysis modification is in agreement with the value (1.13 ± 0.28) ·104 L/mol estimated by a conventional variant of capillary electrophoresis‐frontal analysis without the preconcentration step, as well as with literature data obtained using different techniques.
Assessing American woodcock use of habitat managed through programs targeting a declining songbird
Authors: McNeil Darin J. , Johnson Kirsten E. , Larkin Jeffery L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe implementation of habitat management guidelines for golden‐winged warblers (Vermivora chrysoptera) is believed to benefit additional species. To address widespread population declines of the golden‐winged warbler, species‐specific best management practices were developed and are guiding habitat‐based conservation programs across the species' breeding range. To date, thousands of hectares of golden‐winged warbler nesting habitat have been created across portions of the Appalachian Mountains and Great Lakes regions in the United States. The American woodcock (Scolopax minor) is expected to benefit from this habitat management. The woodcock has been declining for decades (0.84%/year in the eastern United States) largely because of loss of early successional communities like those required by the golden‐winged warbler. We examined the extent to which habitat management targeting golden‐winged warblers contributes to American woodcock conservation goals across a broad geographic extent. Additionally, we assessed various site‐ and landscape‐level factors to elucidate the context dependencies associated with successful conservation outcomes for this non‐target species. From 2015 to 2017, we conducted 1,554 American woodcock surveys at 774 unique locations treated with golden‐winged warbler best management practices across the Great Lakes and Appalachian Mountains. Woodcock density was 0.84–1.24 males/ha in the Great Lakes region and 0.30 males/ha in the Appalachian Mountains. Density was also dependent upon within‐stand conditions (e.g., basal area, woody regeneration) and landscape features (e.g., wetland cover, mixed forest cover), the latter of which yielded strong geographic heterogeneity in woodcock densities. American woodcock can benefit from habitat management targeting the golden‐winged warbler, but the extent of these benefits is influenced by regional, landscape, and within‐stand contexts.
A spatial, closed integrated population model to estimate wildlife population size and structure
Authors: Connor Thomas , Tripp Emilio , Saxon B. J. , Camarena Jessica , Goodwin Jesse A. , Bean William T. , Sarna Dan , Brashares Justin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNoninvasive data collection methods are increasingly used to monitor endangered, cryptic, or otherwise difficult to observe wildlife populations. Spatial capture‐recapture and count‐based statistical methods are often used to model these data to derive population estimates, each with their own advantages. The goal of our study was to integrate these 2 data sources and model structures to maximize the use of single‐season surveys in which capture‐recapture and count‐based data are collected. We formulated a Bayesian spatial, closed integrated population model (cIPM) that leverages scat DNA‐based spatial capture‐recapture and camera‐based spatial count sub‐models to derive sex and age class‐specific population estimates. Our cIPM has the advantage of sharing the spatial scaling (σ) parameter directly between sub‐models and drawing proposed individuals from the same data‐augmented superpopulation for each sub‐model. This allows for separate estimation of sex and age‐class groups simultaneously without any assumptions of population structure or conversions between model output types. We applied our cIPM to a wild population of Roosevelt elk (Cervus canadensis roosevelti, Karuk: íshyuux) during winter 2018–2019 in their winter range within Karuk Ancestral Territory in northern California, USA. We also conducted a simulation study to test our cIPM on a known population consisting of 2 age classes and 2 sexes. The cIPM was able to estimate most population, detection, and σ parameters with good accuracy, including population size. The assignment of sex and age was biased, however, resulting in fewer juvenile males, more juvenile females, and more adult males. Our cIPM applied to the data estimated approximately 310 (95% CI = 235–411) female adults, 90 (95% CI = 57–134) male adults, 75 (95% CI = 43–149) female calves, and 23 (95% CI = 12–47) male calves. These estimates were different from those that would have been made had we relied on common assumptions such as equal calf sex ratios, though this ratio was likely biased towards females based on our simulation results. Our methods are widely applicable and maximize the amount of information available to managers and researchers from any single‐season survey in which separate data sources capturing sex and age‐class information are obtained.
High‐Power, Narrow‐Linewidth, and Low‐Noise Quantum Dot Distributed Feedback Lasers
Authors: Wang Shuai , Lv Zun‐Ren , Yang Qiu‐Lu , Wang Sheng‐Lin , Chai Hong‐Yu , Meng Lei , Lu Dan , Ji Chen , Yang Xiao‐Guang , Yang Tao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSingle‐frequency semiconductor lasers represent a critical role in optical communications, light detection and ranging systems, photonics integrated circuits, etc. Here, combining atom‐like quantum dot (QD) materials and advanced lateral gratings, a high‐power, ultra‐low‐noise 1.3 µm InAs/GaAs QD distributed feedback laser is demonstrated. Stable single‐longitudinal‐mode output power of 100 mW from 25 ℃ to 85 ℃ is achieved with a maximum side mode suppression ratio of 62.6 dB, and the variations of threshold current and slope efficiency over the temperature range are slight, indicting a high temperature stability. A record‐narrow intrinsic linewidth of 1.62 kHz is achieved at 55 ℃ with a white noise level of merely 515 Hz2 Hz–1, and a minimum averaged relative intensity noise of only –166 dB/Hz between 0.1 GHz and 20 GHz is obtained at 25 ℃. Furthermore, a strong tolerance to external optical feedback (〉 –14 dB) is demonstrated in the range from 25 ℃ to 85 ℃, with a maximum value of –8 dB at 85 ℃. This high‐quality single‐frequency laser fabricated with simplified processes and compact size paves the way for its future large‐scale applications such as high‐capacity optical communication, high‐precision optical detection, high‐speed optical interconnections, etc.
Protected species considerations for ocean planning: A case study for offshore wind energy development in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Farmer Nicholas A. , Garrison Lance P. , Litz Jenny A. , Ortega-Ortiz Joel G. , Rappucci Gina , Richards Paul M. , Powell Jessica R. , Bethea Dana M. , Jossart Jonathan A. , Randall Alyssa L. , Steen Mariana E. , Matthews Tershara N. , Morris James A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
Ocean planning provides opportunities for managers to evaluate tradeoffs among environmental, social, economic, cultural, and management considerations in the development of place-based activities. Early integration of mobile protected species considerations into ocean planning reduces the likelihood of future resource conflict. Transparency and problem solving with potential conflicts in mind during the early planning stages can help to minimize contention and increase efficiency in permitting and may also minimize litigation challenges during project design and implementation. Starting with a large area, such as the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management's (BOEM) initial 12.1-million-ha call area in federal waters of the U.S. Gulf of Mexico, provided substantial geographic scope for identifying suitable areas for eventual offshore wind lease sales that also aim to minimize conflict across multiple resources and uses.

Methods
To support ocean planning for this large-scale activity, a generalized scoring system for protected species status and trends that facilitates relative comparison between species was developed. Spatial data for species listed under the U.S. Endangered Species Act or the Marine Mammal Protection Act were assembled. Species layers were scored based on species status and trend. The cumulative vulnerability for 23 species groups whose distributions overlap suitable areas proposed for eventual lease sales, termed wind energy areas (WEAs) by BOEM, was calculated.

Result
Integrating this combined protected species data layer into the broader Gulf of Mexico WEA ocean planning process helped to reduce potential protected species conflicts by 70%.

Conclusion
This generalized approach is directly applicable to other WEAs under consideration within the United States and is transferable to a variety of ocean spatial planning applications.
Moving up the global value chain: Effects of water pollution control regulations in China
Authors: Wang Wenxiao , Ma Kairong , Kong Lingyu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the impacts of stringent environmental regulation of firm‐level upstreamness in the global value chains (GVCs). Specifically, we use the non‐uniform promulgation of local water pollution control regulations across cities and over time after the 11th Five‐Year Plan as a quasi‐natural experiment in China, in which firms are forced to adopt cleaner technologies or equipment to reduce pollution after enforcing tighter environmental standards. Using highly disaggregated firm‐level data between 2008 and 2014, we find that firms in cities with stricter water pollution regulations tend to move to more upstream sectors in the GVCs. We find that this effect is more prominent for low‐productivity firms, high‐polluting firms, and firms with a high dependence on water in production. This paper sheds new light on the GVC upgrading of firms in response to environmental regulation changes.
A DnaA‐dependent riboswitch for transcription attenuation of the his operon
Authors: Yao Yuan , Sun Hongwei , Wurihan  , Gegeheng  , Gezi  , Skarstad Kirsten , Fan Lifei , Morigen  
Published: June 2023

AbstractTranscription attenuation in response to the availability of a specific amino acid is believed to be controlled by alternative configurations of RNA secondary structures that lead to the arrest of translation or the release of the arrested ribosome from the leader mRNA molecule. In this study, we first report a possible example of the DnaA‐dependent riboswitch for transcription attenuation in Escherichia coli. We show that (i) DnaA regulates the transcription of the structural genes but not that of the leader hisL gene; (ii) DnaA might bind to rDnaA boxes present in the HisL‐SL RNA, and subsequently attenuate the transcription of the operon; (iii) the HisL‐SL RNA and rDnaA boxes are phylogenetically conserved and evolutionarily important; and (iv) the translating ribosome is required for deattenuation of the his operon, whereas tRNAHis strengthens attenuation. This mechanism seems to be phylogenetically conserved in Gram‐negative bacteria and evolutionarily important.
No strong evidence of the protein leverage hypothesis in pregnant women with obesity and their infants
Authors: Kebbe Maryam , Most Jasper , Altazan Abby D. , Redman Leanne M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe goal of this study was to investigate the role of dietary protein on macronutrient and energy intake, maternal adiposity during pregnancy, and infant adiposity at birth.MethodsIn 41 women with obesity, early‐pregnancy (13–16 weeks) protein intake was assessed with food photography and expressed as a ratio of Estimated Average Requirements (EAR) in pregnancy for protein (0.88 g/kg/d), herein “protein balance.” Energy intake was measured by the intake‐balance method, gestational weight gain as grams per week, and fat mass by a three‐compartment model. Spearman correlations and linear models were computed using R version 4.1.1 (p < 0.05 considered significant).ResultsWomen had a mean (SD) age of 27.5 (4.8) years and a pregravid BMI of 34.4 (2.9), kg/m2, and the majority were non‐White (n = 23, 56.1%). Protein balance in early pregnancy was not significantly associated with energy intake across mid and mid/late pregnancy (β = 328.7, p = 0.30 and β = 286.2, p = 0.26, respectively) or gestational weight gain (β = 117.0, p = 0.41). Protein balance was inversely associated with fat mass in early, mid, and late pregnancy (β = −10.6, p = 0.01, β = −10.4, p = 0.03, β = −10.3, p = 0.03, respectively). Protein balance did not predict infant adiposity at birth (p > 0.05).ConclusionsLow protein intake may have been present before pregnancy, explaining early relationships with adiposity in this cohort. The protein leverage hypothesis is likely not implicated in the intergenerational transmission of obesity.
Local supply, temporal dynamics, and unrealized potential in teacher hiring
Authors: James Jessalynn , Kraft Matthew A. , Papay John P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe explore the dynamics of competitive search in the K–12 public education sector. Using detailed panel data on teacher hiring from Boston Public Schools, we document how teacher labor supply varies substantially across vacancies even within a single district depending on position type, school characteristics, and the timing of job postings. We find that early‐posted positions are more likely to be filled and end up securing new hires that are better qualified, more effective, and more likely to remain at a school. In contrast, the number of applicants to a position is largely unassociated with hire quality, suggesting that schools may struggle to identify and select the best candidates even when there is a large pool of qualified applicants. These patterns persist even when we restrict comparisons to only positions within an individual school using school fixed effects. Our findings point to substantial unrealized potential for improving teacher hiring.