bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the 2022 and 2017 European LeukemiaNet risk classifications in a real-life cohort of the PETHEMA group
Authors: Sargas Claudia , Ayala Rosa , Larráyoz María J. , Chillón María C. , Rodriguez-Arboli Eduardo , Bilbao Cristina , Prados de la Torre Esther , Martínez-Cuadrón David , Rodríguez-Veiga Rebeca , Boluda Blanca , Gil Cristina , Bernal Teresa , Bergua Juan , Algarra Lorenzo , Tormo Mar , Martínez-Sánchez Pilar , Soria Elena , Serrano Josefina , Alonso-Dominguez Juan M. , García Raimundo , Amigo María Luz , Herrera-Puente Pilar , Sayas María J. , Lavilla-Rubira Esperanza , Martínez-López Joaquín , Calasanz María J. , García-Sanz Ramón , Pérez-Simón José A. , Gómez Casares María T. , Sánchez-García Joaquín , Barragán Eva , Montesinos Pau ,   PETHEMA cooperative study group, Prados de la Torre Esther 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNext-Generation Sequencing is needed for the accurate genetic risk stratification of acute myeloid leukemia according to European LeukemiaNet (ELN) guidelines. We validated and compared the 2022 ELN risk classification in a real-life cohort of 546 intensively and 379 non-intensively treated patients. Among fit patients, those aged ≥65 years old showed worse OS than younger regardless risk classification. Compared with the 2017 classification, 14.5% of fit patients changed the risk with the 2022 classification, increasing the high-risk group from 44.3% to 51.8%. 3.7% and 0.9% FLT3-ITD mutated patients were removed from the favorable and adverse 2017 categories respectively to 2022 intermediate risk group. We suggest that midostaurin therapy could be a predictor for 3 years OS (85.2% with vs. 54.8% without midostaurin, P = 0.04). Forty-seven (8.6%) patients from the 2017 intermediate group were assigned to the 2022 adverse-risk group as they harbored myelodysplasia (MDS)-related mutations. Patients with one MDS-related mutation did not reach median OS, while patients with ≥2 mutations had 13.6 months median OS (P = 0.002). Patients with TP53 ± complex karyotype or inv(3) had a dismal prognosis (7.1 months median OS). We validate the prognostic utility of the 2022 ELN classification in a real-life setting providing supportive evidences to improve risk stratification guidelines.
A first-in-class inhibitor of Hsp110 molecular chaperones of pathogenic fungi
Authors: Hu Liqing , Sun Cancan , Kidd Justin M. , Han Jizhong , Fang Xianjun , Li Hongtao , Liu Qingdai , May Aaron E. , Li Qianbin , Zhou Lei , Liu Qinglian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractProteins of the Hsp110 family are molecular chaperones that play important roles in protein homeostasis in eukaryotes. The pathogenic fungus Candida albicans, which causes infections in humans, has a single Hsp110, termed Msi3. Here, we provide proof-of-principle evidence supporting fungal Hsp110s as targets for the development of new antifungal drugs. We identify a pyrazolo[3,4-b] pyridine derivative, termed HLQ2H (or 2H), that inhibits the biochemical and chaperone activities of Msi3, as well as the growth and viability of C. albicans. Moreover, the fungicidal activity of 2H correlates with its inhibition of in vivo protein folding. We propose 2H and related compounds as promising leads for development of new antifungals and as pharmacological tools for the study of the molecular mechanisms and functions of Hsp110s.
Ising superconductivity induced from spin-selective valley symmetry breaking in twisted trilayer graphene
Authors: González J. , Stauber T. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe show that the e-e interaction induces a strong breakdown of valley symmetry for each spin channel in twisted trilayer graphene, leading to a ground state where the two spin projections have opposite sign of the valley symmetry breaking order parameter. This leads to a spin-valley locking in which the electrons of a Cooper pair are forced to live on different Fermi lines attached to opposite valleys. Furthermore, we find an effective intrinsic spin-orbit coupling explaining the protection of the superconductivity against in-plane magnetic fields. The effect of spin-selective valley symmetry breaking is validated as it reproduces the experimental observation of the reset of the Hall density at 2-hole doping. It also implies a breakdown of the symmetry of the bands from C6 to C3, with an enhancement of the anisotropy of the Fermi lines which is at the origin of a Kohn-Luttinger (pairing) instability. The isotropy of the bands is gradually recovered, however, when the Fermi level approaches the bottom of the second valence band, explaining why the superconductivity fades away in the doping range beyond 3 holes per moiré unit cell in twisted trilayer graphene.
Evolution of antibody immunity following Omicron BA.1 breakthrough infection
Authors: Kaku Chengzi I. , Starr Tyler N. , Zhou Panpan , Dugan Haley L. , Khalifé Paul , Song Ge , Champney Elizabeth R. , Mielcarz Daniel W. , Geoghegan James C. , Burton Dennis R. , Andrabi Raiees , Bloom Jesse D. , Walker Laura M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the longitudinal dynamics of antibody immunity following heterologous SAR-CoV-2 breakthrough infection will inform the development of next-generation vaccines. Here, we track SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD)-specific antibody responses up to six months following Omicron BA.1 breakthrough infection in six mRNA-vaccinated individuals. Cross-reactive serum neutralizing antibody and memory B cell (MBC) responses decline by two- to four-fold through the study period. Breakthrough infection elicits minimal de novo Omicron BA.1-specific B cell responses but drives affinity maturation of pre-existing cross-reactive MBCs toward BA.1, which translates into enhanced breadth of activity across other variants. Public clones dominate the neutralizing antibody response at both early and late time points following breakthough infection, and their escape mutation profiles predict newly emergent Omicron sublineages, suggesting that convergent antibody responses continue to shape SARS-CoV-2 evolution. While the study is limited by our relatively small cohort size, these results suggest that heterologous SARS-CoV-2 variant exposure drives the evolution of B cell memory, supporting the continued development of next-generation variant-based vaccines.
Probing the topologically trivial nature of end states in antiferromagnetic atomic chains on superconductors
Authors: Schneider Lucas , Beck Philip , Rózsa Levente , Posske Thore , Wiebe Jens , Wiesendanger Roland 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSpin chains proximitized by s-wave superconductors are predicted to enter a mini-gapped phase with topologically protected Majorana modes (MMs) localized at their ends. However, the presence of non-topological end states mimicking MM properties can hinder their unambiguous observation. Here, we report on a direct method to exclude the non-local nature of end states via scanning tunneling spectroscopy by introducing a locally perturbing defect on one of the chain’s ends. We apply this method to particular end states observed in antiferromagnetic spin chains within a large minigap, thereby proving their topologically trivial character. A minimal model shows that, while wide trivial minigaps hosting end states are easily achieved in antiferromagnetic spin chains, unrealistically large spin-orbit coupling is required to drive the system into a topologically gapped phase with MMs. The methodology of perturbing candidate topological edge modes in future experiments is a powerful tool to probe their stability against local disorder.
Modelling the impact of interventions on imported, introduced and indigenous malaria infections in Zanzibar, Tanzania
Authors: Das Aatreyee M. , Hetzel Manuel W. , Yukich Joshua O. , Stuck Logan , Fakih Bakar S. , Al-mafazy Abdul-wahid H. , Ali Abdullah , Chitnis Nakul 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMalaria cases can be classified as imported, introduced or indigenous cases. The World Health Organization’s definition of malaria elimination requires an area to demonstrate that no new indigenous cases have occurred in the last three years. Here, we present a stochastic metapopulation model of malaria transmission that distinguishes between imported, introduced and indigenous cases, and can be used to test the impact of new interventions in a setting with low transmission and ongoing case importation. We use human movement and malaria prevalence data from Zanzibar, Tanzania, to parameterise the model. We test increasing the coverage of interventions such as reactive case detection; implementing new interventions including reactive drug administration and treatment of infected travellers; and consider the potential impact of a reduction in transmission on Zanzibar and mainland Tanzania. We find that the majority of new cases on both major islands of Zanzibar are indigenous cases, despite high case importation rates. Combinations of interventions that increase the number of infections treated through reactive case detection or reactive drug administration can lead to substantial decreases in malaria incidence, but for elimination within the next 40 years, transmission reduction in both Zanzibar and mainland Tanzania is necessary.
Cross-disorder genetic analysis of immune diseases reveals distinct gene associations that converge on common pathways
Authors: Demela Pietro , Pirastu Nicola , Soskic Blagoje 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGenome-wide association studies (GWAS) have mapped thousands of susceptibility loci associated with immune-mediated diseases. To assess the extent of the genetic sharing across nine immune-mediated diseases we apply genomic structural equation modelling to GWAS data from European populations. We identify three disease groups: gastrointestinal tract diseases, rheumatic and systemic diseases, and allergic diseases. Although loci associated with the disease groups are highly specific, they converge on perturbing the same pathways. Finally, we test for colocalization between loci and single-cell eQTLs derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We identify the causal route by which 46 loci predispose to three disease groups and find evidence for eight genes being candidates for drug repurposing. Taken together, here we show that different constellations of diseases have distinct patterns of genetic associations, but that associated loci converge on perturbing different nodes in T cell activation and signalling pathways.
[2,2] Paracyclophanes-based double helicates for constructing artificial light-harvesting systems and white LED device
Authors: Lian Zhe , He Jing , Liu Lin , Fan Yanqing , Chen Xuebo , Jiang Hua 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe construction of efficient artificial light-harvesting systems (ALHSs) is of vital importance in utilizing solar energy. Herein, we report the non-covalent syntheses of double helicatesPCP-TPy1/2andRp,Rp-PCP-TPy1/2by metal-coordination interaction and their applications in ALHSs and white light-emitting diode (LED) device. All double helicates exhibit significant aggregation-induced emission in tetrahydrofuran/water (1:9, v/v) solvent. The aggregated double helicates can be used to construct one-step or sequential ALHSs with fluorescent dyes Eosin Y (EsY) and Nile red (NiR) with the energy transfer efficiency up to 89.3%. Impressively, the PMMA film ofPCP-TPy1shows white-light emission when doped 0.075% NiR, the solid of double helicates (Rp,Rp-)PCP-TPy2can be used as the additive of a blue LED bulb to achieve white-light emission. In this work, we provided a general method for the preparation of novel double helicates and explored their applications in ALHSs and fluorescent materials, which will promote future construction and application of helicates as emissive devices.
Genetically prolonged beige fat in male mice confers long-lasting metabolic health
Authors: Wu Ruifan , Park Jooman , Qian Yanyu , Shi Zuoxiao , Hu Ruoci , Yuan Yexian , Xiong Shaolei , Wang Zilai , Yan Gege , Ong Sang-Ging , Song Qing , Song Zhenyuan , Mahmoud Abeer M. , Xu Pingwen , He Congcong , Arpke Robert W. , Kyba Michael , Shu Gang , Jiang Qingyan , Jiang Yuwei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA potential therapeutic target to curb obesity and diabetes is thermogenic beige adipocytes. However, beige adipocytes quickly transition into white adipocytes upon removing stimuli. Here, we define the critical role of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (Cdkn2a) as a molecular pedal for the beige-to-white transition. Beige adipocytes lacking Cdkn2a exhibit prolonged lifespan, and male mice confer long-term metabolic protection from diet-induced obesity, along with enhanced energy expenditure and improved glucose tolerance. Mechanistically, Cdkn2a promotes the expression and activity of beclin 1 (BECN1) by directly binding to its mRNA and its negative regulator BCL2 like 1 (BCL2L1), activating autophagy and accelerating the beige-to-white transition. Reactivating autophagy by pharmacological or genetic methods abolishes beige adipocyte maintenance induced by Cdkn2a ablation. Furthermore, hyperactive BECN1 alone accelerates the beige-to-white transition in mice and human. Notably, both Cdkn2a and Becn1 exhibit striking positive correlations with adiposity. Hence, blocking Cdkn2a-mediated BECN1 activity holds therapeutic potential to sustain beige adipocytes in treating obesity and related metabolic diseases.
Prediction and experimental validation approach to improve performance of novel hybrid bio-inspired 3D printed lattice structures using artificial neural networks
Authors: Doodi Ramakrishna , Gunji Bala Murali 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNovel Cellular lattice structures with lightweight designs are gaining more interest in the automobile and aerospace sectors. Additive manufacturing technologies have focused on designing and manufacturing cellular structures in recent years, increasing the versatility of these structures because of the significant benefits like high strength-to-weight ratio. In this research, a novel hybrid type of cellular lattice structure is designed, bio-inspired from the circular patterns seen in the bamboo tree structure and the overlapping patterns found on the dermal layers of fish-like species. The unit lattice cell with varied overlapping areas with a unit cell wall thickness of 0.4 to 0.6 mm. Fusion 360 software models the lattice structures with a constant volume of 40 × 40 × 40 mm. Utilizing the stereolithography (SLA) process and a vat polymerization type three-dimensional printing equipment is used to fabricate the 3D printed specimens. A quasi-static compression test was carried out on all 3D printed specimens, and the energy absorption capacity of each structure was calculated. Machine learning technique like the Artificial neural network (ANN) with Levenberg–Marquardt Algorithm (ANN-LM) was applied to the present research to predict the energy absorption of the lattice structure with parameters such as overlapping area, wall thickness, and size of the unit cell. The k-fold cross-validation technique was applied in the training phase to get the best training results. Overall, the results obtained using the ANN tool are validated and can be a favourable tool for lattice energy prediction with available data.
Overexpression of GRK2 in vascular smooth muscle leads to inappropriate hypertension and acute heart failure as in clinical scenario 1
Authors: Yano Hiroki , Onoue Kenji , Tokinaga Shiho , Ioka Tomoko , Ishihara Satomi , Hashimoto Yukihiro , Nakada Yasuki , Nakagawa Hitoshi , Ueda Tomoya , Seno Ayako , Nishida Taku , Watanabe Makoto , Saito Yoshihiko 
Published: May 2023

AbstractClinical scenario 1 (CS1) is acute heart failure (HF) characterized by transient systolic blood pressure (SBP) elevation and pulmonary congestion. Although it is managed by vasodilators, the molecular mechanism remains unclear. The sympathetic nervous system plays a key role in HF, and desensitization of cardiac β-adrenergic receptor (AR) signaling due to G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) upregulation is known. However, vascular β-AR signaling that regulates cardiac afterload remains unelucidated in HF. We hypothesized that upregulation of vascular GRK2 leads to pathological conditions similar to CS1. GRK2 was overexpressed in vascular smooth muscle (VSM) of normal adult male mice by peritoneally injected adeno-associated viral vectors driven by the myosin heavy chain 11 promoter. Upregulation of GRK2 in VSM of GRK2 overexpressing mice augmented the absolute increase in SBP (+ 22.5 ± 4.3 mmHg vs. + 36.0 ± 4.0 mmHg, P < 0.01) and lung wet weight (4.28 ± 0.05 mg/g vs. 4.76 ± 0.15 mg/g, P < 0.01) by epinephrine as compared to those in control mice. Additionally, the expression of brain natriuretic peptide mRNA was doubled in GRK2 overexpressing mice as compared to that in control mice (P < 0.05). These findings were similar to CS1. GRK2 overexpression in VSM may cause inappropriate hypertension and HF, as in CS1.
Effect of basal metabolic rate on lifespan: a sex-specific Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Ng Jack C. M. , Schooling C. Mary 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObservationally, the association of basal metabolic rate (BMR) with mortality is mixed, although some ageing theories suggest that higher BMR should reduce lifespan. It remains unclear whether a causal association exists. In this one-sample Mendelian randomization study, we aimed to estimate the casual effect of BMR on parental attained age, a proxy for lifespan, using two-sample Mendelian randomization methods. We obtained genetic variants strongly (p-value < 5 × 10–8) and independently (r2 < 0.001) predicting BMR from the UK Biobank and applied them to a genome-wide association study of parental attained age based on the UK Biobank. We meta-analyzed genetic variant-specific Wald ratios using inverse-variance weighting with multiplicative random effects by sex, supplemented by sensitivity analysis. A total of 178 and 180 genetic variants predicting BMR in men and women were available for father’s and mother’s attained age, respectively. Genetically predicted BMR was inversely associated with father’s and mother’s attained age (years of life lost per unit increase in effect size of genetically predicted BMR, 0.46 and 1.36; 95% confidence interval 0.07–0.85 and 0.89–1.82), with a stronger association in women than men. In conclusion, higher BMR might reduce lifespan. The underlying pathways linking to major causes of death and relevant interventions warrant further investigation.
Fuel, cost, energy efficiency and CO2 emission performance of PCM integrated wood fiber composite phase change material at different climates
Authors: Frahat Nour Bassim , Ustaoglu Abid , Gencel Osman , Sarı Ahmet , Hekimoğlu Gökhan , Yaras Ali , del Coz Díaz Juan José 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWood fiber is a great potential supportive material for creating a new composite the phase change materials (PCM) due to its beneficial qualities, including high sorption competency, low density, enviro -friendliness, economic effectiveness, and chemical inertness. The main objective of this paper is to study the effect of using the wood fiber/eutectic mixture of stearic and capric acid on the fuel, cost, and carbon emission-saving potentials for various PCM cases. Which experiences a phase transition within the thermally pleasant temperature range of buildings, used for the building's thermal energy storing purposes and consumption cost saving. The energy performance analysis was carried out for buildings incorporated with stearic and capric acid eutectic mixture of PCM with wood fiber-based insulation material (INS) in different climate regions. The results showed that the largest energy-saving capacity belongs to PCM5. The energy saving reaches 52.7% for PCM5 for a thickness of 0.1 m. The PCM1, PCM2, PCM3, PCM4 can provide energy saving rates of 23.5%, 34.3%, 44.7% and 50.5%, respectively. INS-PCM5 can provide about 1.74-, 1.5-, and 1.33 times larger cost savings than INS in 2nd, 3rd, and 4th regions for all fuels. The payback period varies between 0.37 and 5.81 years regarding the fuel and Region. Finally, the results indicate that the proposed composite provided a promising energy-saving potential in building applications by reducing.
The intentions of information sources can affect what information people think qualifies as true
Authors: Handley-Miner Isaac J. , Pope Michael , Atkins Richard Kenneth , Jones-Jang S. Mo , McKaughan Daniel J. , Phillips Jonathan , Young Liane 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe concept of truth is at the core of science, journalism, law, and many other pillars of modern society. Yet, given the imprecision of natural language, deciding what information should count as true is no easy task, even with access to the ground truth. How do people decide whether a given claim of fact qualifies as true or false? Across two studies (N = 1181; 16,248 observations), participants saw claims of fact alongside the ground truth about those claims. Participants classified each claim as true or false. Although participants knew precisely how accurate the claims were, participants classified claims as false more often when they judged the information source to be intending to deceive (versus inform) their audience, and classified claims as true more often when they judged the information source to be intending to provide an approximate (versus precise) account. These results suggest that, even if people have access to the same set of facts, they might disagree about the truth of claims if they attribute discrepant intentions to information sources. Such findings may shed light on the robust and persistent disagreements over claims of fact that have arisen in the “post-truth era”.
A multi-center, prospective cohort study of whole blood gene expression in the tuberculosis-diabetes interaction
Authors: Queiroz Artur T. L. , Vinhaes Caian L. , Fukutani Eduardo R. , Gupte Akshay N. , Kumar Nathella Pavan , Fukutani Kiyoshi F. , Arriaga María B. , Sterling Timothy R. , Babu Subash , Gaikwad Sanjay , Karyakarte Rajesh , Mave Vidya , Paradhkar Mandar , Viswanathan Vijay , Gupta Amita , Andrade Bruno B. , Kornfeld Hardy ,   the RePORT Brazil, Andrade Alice M. S. , Figueiredo Marina C. , Nascimento Vanessa , Cubillos-Angulo Juan Manuel , Malta-Santos Hayna , Rebouças-Silva Jéssica , Gomes-Silva Adriano , Santos Saulo R. N. , Ramos André , Brito Pedro , Schmaltz Carolina A. S. , Costa Alysson G. , Garcia Leandro Sousa , de Sousa Carvalho Brenda K. , de Loiola Bruna P. , Ignácio Francine P. , Lourenço Maria C. , Silva Elisangela C. , Mello Mayla , Souza Alexandra B. , Rocha Michael S. , Benjamin Aline , Moreira Adriana S. R. , de Oliveira Jamile G. , Cavalcante Solange , Durovni Betina , Cordeiro-Santos Marcelo , Kristki Afrânio L. , Rolla Valeria C. , Lapa-e-Silva José R. ,   RePORT India Consortia, West Kim , Kulkami Vandana , Gupte Nikhil 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDiabetes mellitus (DM) increases tuberculosis (TB) severity. We compared blood gene expression in adults with pulmonary TB, with or without diabetes mellitus (DM) from sites in Brazil and India. RNA sequencing (RNAseq) performed at baseline and during TB treatment. Publicly available baseline RNAseq data from South Africa and Romania reported by the TANDEM Consortium were also analyzed. Across the sites, differentially expressed genes varied for each condition (DM, TB, and TBDM) and no pattern classified any one group across all sites. A concise signature of TB disease was identified but this was expressed equally in TB and TBDM. Pathway enrichment analysis failed to distinguish TB from TBDM, although there was a trend for greater neutrophil and innate immune pathway activation in TBDM participants. Pathways associated with insulin resistance, metabolic dysfunction, diabetic complications, and chromosomal instability were positively correlated with glycohemoglobin. The immune response to pulmonary TB as reflected by whole blood gene expression is substantially similar with or without comorbid DM. Gene expression pathways associated with the microvascular and macrovascular complications of DM are upregulated during TB, supporting a syndemic interaction between these coprevalent diseases.