bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding cure and interphase effects in functionalized graphene‐epoxy nanocomposites
Authors: Gkaliou Kyriaki , Trakakis George , Manikas Anastasios , Davies Philip R. , Hall Jeremy , Galiotis Costas , Eaton Mark J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAgglomerations effects of graphene‐based nanofillers are often reported in the literature to be the main reason on the deterioration of the mechanical properties, especially at high filler loadings. In our study, we focused on the correlated effects of plasma‐treated graphene nanofillers on the curing reaction and mechanical properties of an epoxy matrix. Specifically, we explored the effect of dispersion state, planar size, filler content, surface functionalization and stoichiometric ratio on the epoxy curing process. The surface of the treated graphene nanofillers were studied in detail by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The results indicated greater presence of oxygen containing groups with the crystallinity to be unaffected after the plasma process. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) was used to assess the changes in both the Tg and the mechanical properties of graphene‐epoxy nanocomposites. Rheological and microscopic data showed that a well‐dispersed material was achieved at high filler loadings with the use of calendaring and plasma functionalization. Although, a well‐dispersed material was achieved on the bulk composite, no further mechanical reinforcement was observed at high filler loadings. The adsorption of epoxy groups onto the graphene nanofillers' surface, leading to a stoichiometric imbalance between the epoxy chains and hardener molecules, was proposed to explain the results.
Tuning photoluminescence of polysiloxane functionalized carbon dots through changing polysiloxane compositions
Authors: Shen Jingbo , Wang Yang , Feng Yakai 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCarbon dots (CDs) as the emerging carbon‐based nanomaterials have great application potential in the optical devices and bioimaging fields. Due to their poor stability, the conventional CDs are prone to self‐quenching and their photoluminescence is untunable. Herein, the polysiloxane functionalized CDs were prepared from the solvothermal reaction between citric acid and the polysiloxanes with different aminopropyl contents aiming to improve the stability and photoluminescence of CDs. The average size of the polysiloxane functionalized CDs ranged from 2.2 to 6.4 nm. The UV–visible absorption spectra of these CDs changed from long wavelength to short wavelength with the decrease of the aminopropyl content in the polysiloxanes. The fluorescence intensities and fluorescence cores of these CDs also varied with the aminopropyl contents in the polysiloxanes, which demonstrated that the photoluminescence of the functionalized CDs could be adjusted by the aminopropyl content in the polysiloxanes. When the aminopropyl content in the polysiloxanes was 50%–75%, the polysiloxane functionalized CDs possessed relatively high fluorescence quantum yield. The polysiloxane modification can effectively improve the stability of CDs and enable the tunable photoluminescence. This study provides a new strategy for improving the performances of CDs and is of importance for promoting the practical application of CDs.
Race‐neutral equations for assessment of lung function in children with thalassemia
Authors: Moaaz Marwa , Badreldin Omneya , El Chazli Yasmine , Fata Aya , Abougabal Mohamed 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess pulmonary dysfunction in children with transfusion‐dependent thalassemia (TDT) using the Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) 2022 race‐neutral spirometric reference equations and to determine the main predicting factors. The spirometric results of 68 children with TDT were compared to the results of 68 healthy control subjects using both GLI‐2012 reference equations for Caucasians and GLI‐2022 global equations. Associations between the spirometric data and various anthropometric, clinical, and laboratory parameters were analyzed to detect predictors of pulmonary dysfunction in this group of patients. Children with TDT showed significantly lower values of FVC and FEV1 with a predominance of the restrictive pattern (23.53%). Thalassemic children with the restrictive pattern were significantly older, had a longer duration of regular blood transfusion, lower height, weight, and BMI z‐scores, higher average serum ferritin, and higher frequency of having a serum ferritin level >2500 ng/mL. The strongest predictor for having a restrictive spirometric pattern was high serum ferritin. Our analysis shows that the transition from GLI‐2012 spirometric reference equations for Caucasians to the GLI‐2022 global equations has led to a reduction in the prevalence rate of restrictive pulmonary dysfunction in children with TDT, which should not affect the patient outcome in the long term. Asymptomatic children with TDT exhibited a restrictive spirometric pattern in a significant proportion. The most important predictor was high serum ferritin. We encourage the inclusion of pulmonary function testing in the routine monitoring of patients with TDT, especially in older patients and those with iron overload.
Scrub typhus among patients with acute febrile illness in Bhutan: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Norbu Karma , Dema Karma , Choden Kuenga , Gyeltshen Tshewang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionEarly diagnosis and treatment plays an important role in preventing mortality in scrub typhus infection. In districts situated in the subtropical region of Bhutan, scrub typhus remains an important aetiology among those with acute febrile illness. Zhemgang is one district at 572 m above sea level with warm humid climate, and the majority of population are involved in farming and livestock rearing.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study among patients with acute febrile illness in Zhemgang district, Bhutan, tested for scrub typhus rapid diagnostic kits. Variables were extracted from the laboratory registers for tests conducted between January 2019 and December 2020. Risk factors associated with scrub typhus were assessed using logistic regression. This study was approved by the Research Ethics Board of Health, Bhutan.ResultsThere were 922 tests conducted for scrub typhus. The test positivity rate was 8.2% (n = 76) with the highest reported in Panbang Hospital (43, 56.6%) followed by Yebilaptsa Hospital (27, 35.5%) and Zhemgang Hospital (6, 7.9%). A higher number of cases were detected in females (44, 57.9%) and in the month of September (17, 16.3%). The factors associated with scrub typhus positivity rates were hospitals located in lower altitudes, age, sex and seasons (spring, summer, autumn and winter).ConclusionsOne tenth of patients with acute febrile illness tested positive for scrub typhus with the adequate volume of tests prescribed by the clinicians. Our study shows that summer months recorded higher proportions of scrub typhus infection.
Robust online active learning
Authors: Cacciarelli Davide , Kulahci Murat , Tyssedal John Sølve 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn many industrial applications, obtaining labeled observations is not straightforward as it often requires the intervention of human experts or the use of expensive testing equipment. In these circumstances, active learning can be highly beneficial in suggesting the most informative data points to be used when fitting a model. Reducing the number of observations needed for model development alleviates both the computational burden required for training and the operational expenses related to labeling. Online active learning, in particular, is useful in high‐volume production processes where the decision about the acquisition of the label for a data point needs to be taken within an extremely short time frame. However, despite the recent efforts to develop online active learning strategies, the behavior of these methods in the presence of outliers has not been thoroughly examined. In this work, we investigate the performance of online active linear regression in contaminated data streams. Our study shows that the currently available query strategies are prone to sample outliers, whose inclusion in the training set eventually degrades the predictive performance of the models. To address this issue, we propose a solution that bounds the search area of a conditional D‐optimal algorithm and uses a robust estimator. Our approach strikes a balance between exploring unseen regions of the input space and protecting against outliers. Through numerical simulations, we show that the proposed method is effective in improving the performance of online active learning in the presence of outliers, thus expanding the potential applications of this powerful tool.
Robust Multi‐Party Semi‐Quantum Private Comparison Protocols with Decoherence‐Free States against Collective Noises
Authors: Gong Li‐Hua , Chen Zhen‐Yong , Qin Li‐Guo , Huang Jie‐Hui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBased on the decoherence‐free states, two multi‐party semi‐quantum private comparison protocols are proposed to counteract collective noises. One can resist the collective‐dephasing noise well, and the other can resist the collective‐rotation noise. With the assistance of a semi‐honest third party (TP), multiple classical participants with restricted quantum abilities can compare their secret information by performing the proposed protocols once. It is manifested that the proposed protocols can resist both external attacks and internal attacks. Additionally, the operations in the multi‐party semi‐quantum private comparison protocols are simulated on the IBM Quantum Experience.
A systematic review on the molecular and clinical association between Human Papillomavirus and Human Immunodeficiency Virus co‐infection in Head, Neck and Oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Chakraborty Shreya , Ramasubbu Kanagavalli , Banerjee Manosi , Balaji Menaka Priya , Vinayagam Yamini , V Devi Rajeswari 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHead and neck cancer, one of the most commonly prevalent malignancies globally is a complex category of tumours that comprises cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx. A specific subgroup of such cancers has been found with some unique chromosomal, therapeutic, and epidemiologic traits with the possibility of affecting via co‐infection. About 25% of all head and neck cancers in the population are human papillomavirus infection (HPV)‐associated, typically developing in the oropharynx, which comprises the tonsils. In the period of efficient combined antiviral treatment, HPV‐positive oral cancers are also becoming a significant contributor to illness and fatality for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)‐infected persons. Although the prevalence and historical background of oral HPV transmission are not thoroughly understood, it seems likely that oral HPV transmission is relatively frequent in HIV‐infected people when compared to the overall population. Therefore, there is a need to understand the mechanisms leading to this co‐infection, as there is very little research related to that. Hence, this study mainly focus on the therapeutical and biomedical analysis of HPV and HIV co‐infection in the above‐mentioned cancer, including oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Venture team membership dynamics and new venture innovation
Authors: Fox Brian C. , Simsek Zeki , Heavey Ciaran 
Published: June 2023

AbstractResearch SummaryAlthough pre‐entry startup experience is widely recognized as a driver of innovation in new ventures, a core feature of new venture teams is that their membership is fluid. In this article, we theorize and test whether venture team membership fluidity incrementally explains new venture innovation. We also investigate and demonstrate that team fluidity conditions the impact of pre‐entry startup experience present at founding. Testing our hypotheses with a cohort of 440 new ventures tracked for 8 years, we find support for the model across a wide range of specifications. Our study advances current understanding of the relationship between pre‐entry experience and new venture innovation, as well as novel insights into the central but often overlooked role of team fluidity.Managerial SummaryNew ventures rely on innovations to establish a market presence and compete against established firms. Even though team members are an essential source of inspiration, ideas, and resources to foster innovation, teams often change substantially as the venture evolves. We ask the question—does modifying the make‐up of the team make it more likely that the venture can innovate? We contend that such change significantly shapes the cognitive and interpersonal processes by which team members contribute to innovations. Our results suggest that new ventures undergoing member change can boost innovation in three ways: adding new members to the team with relevant experiences, taking advantage of opportunities to pause and reflect upon team processes in the wake of change, and mitigating the disruptive effects of change.
A Bayesian hierarchical sparse factor model for estimating simultaneous covariance matrices for gestational outcomes in consecutive pregnancies
Authors: Kundu Debamita , Mitra Ritendranath , Albert Paul S. , Gaskins Jeremy T. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCovariance estimation for multiple groups is a key feature for drawing inference from a heterogeneous population. One should seek to share information about common features in the dependence structures across the various groups. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach for estimating the covariance matrices for multiple groups using a hierarchical latent factor model that shrinks the factor loadings across groups toward a global value. Using a sparse spike and slab model on these loading coefficients allows for a sparse formulation of our model. Parameter estimation is accomplished through a Markov chain Monte Carlo scheme, and a model selection approach is used to select the number of factors to use. We validate our model through extensive simulation studies. Finally, we apply our methodology to the NICHD Consecutive Pregnancies Study to estimate the correlations between birth weights and gestational ages of three consecutive birth within four different subgroups (underweight, normal, overweight, and obese) of women.
Intermetallic FeSb2 as a Novel Adsorbent for the Efficient Decontamination of Lead Ions from Aquatic Systems**
Authors: Gujjar Sunidhi , Gujjar Deepak , Srivastava Manish , Kandpal Hem C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHerein, an efficient adsorbent based on intermetallics was developed for the adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solutions. Mesoporous FeSb2 particles were synthesized via a cost‐effective co‐precipitation method. The structural and morphological characterizations of FeSb2 were evaluated using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET), and zeta potential. The batch adsorption tests were performed as a function of initial Pb(II) concentration (5–70 mg L−1), contact time (24 h), pH (2–9), FeSb2 content (0.2–0.8 g L−1), and recyclability (6 cycles), to evaluate the efficacy of FeSb2 particles for Pb(II) removal. The adsorption behavior of FeSb2 was found to match well with the pseudo‐second‐order kinetics and Freundlich isotherm model. The experimental maximum adsorption capacity (qm) was achieved as 86.625 mg g−1 for a Pb(II) concentration of 70 mg L−1. This value was found to be in good agreement with the value predicted by the Langmuir model, which was 88.26 mg g−1. Overall, this work documented the high potential of intermetallic FeSb2 for the efficient removal of extremely dangerous Pb(II) ions and laid the foundation for other intermetallics in a new role of adsorbent for various wastewater treatments.
Catalyst‐Free Defluoroalkylation of Trifluoromethylated Alkenes via Photoinduced Electron Donor‐Acceptor Complex
Authors: Gao Pan , Zhang Qingzheng , Li Yicheng , Cui Liping , Fan Xinting , Zhang Guodong , Chen Feng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRadicals can be formed expeditiously through the direct irradiation of an electron donor‐acceptor (EDA) complex. Herein, we show a photocatalyst‐free strategy for gem‐difluoroalkenes synthesis realized by photo‐irradiation of the EDA complexes, which can be generated in situ between N‐alkylpyridinium salts and Hantzsch ester without any other additives. A wide variety of readily available alkylamines underwent deaminative defluoroalkylation to provide the corresponding gem‐difluoroalkenes. This reaction system exhibits high reactivity and good functional group tolerance and provides a practical and effective entry to a broad range of α‐alkyl‐substituted gem‐difluoroalkenes.
BiOI/ZnO Heterojunction for Increased Photodegradation of Metronidazole under Visible Light Irradiation
Authors: Zhu Zihan , Zhang Xuehan , Wang Wenzhuang , Cong Xinhang , Qin Haotong , Guo Feng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA heterojunction interface with a rational design can overcome the limitation of a single photocatalyst structure and enable the separation and transport of photogenerated carriers. p‐n Heterojunctions of BiOI/ZnO nano‐flake were achieved by a simple one–step hydrothermal process for metronidazole (MNZ) degradation under visible light. The measurements show that the BiOI/ZnO could completely remove MNZ within 180 min, which is 2.6 times and 4.8 times higher than that of pristine ZnO and BiOI, respectively. Under visible light irradiation, the electrostatic field formed within the p‐n heterojunction drives the flow of photogenerated electrons from the conduction band of BiOI to the conduction band of ZnO, while the holes are retained, promoting photogenerated carrier separation and enhancing photocatalytic efficiency. The fact that BiOI/ZnO good stability and reusability demonstrates the importance of heterostructure construction of two different semiconductors in overcoming the defects of traditional semiconductor materials.
Efficient treatment for oily wastewater via photo‐Fenton‐like processover NdFeO3 perovskite: Effect of calcination temperature
Authors: Nga Phan Thi To , Nam Chu Thi Hai 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNdFeO3 (NFO) nanoparticles were synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method, followed by calcination treatment at various temperatures. The NFO samples were systematically characterized using X‐ray diffraction, Thermogravimetric, Fourier transform infrared spectra, UV‐vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy, and N2 adsorption‐desorption analysis. The visible‐light photocatalytic performance of different calcined temperature NFO was examined by the photodegradation of oily wastewater. The results revealed that NFO nanoparticles calcined at 800 °C exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity when 0.3 g/L of H2O2 was added during the photocatalysis, suggesting that NFO could be a promising photo‐Fenton catalyst for decomposing organic contaminants in wastewater.
Insights into Hydrogen Bonding Effect as Well as Excited State Intramolecular Proton Transfer Associated with Solvent Polarity and Atomic Electronegativity for 2‐Phenyl‐3‐Hydroxybenzo[g]quinolone
Authors: Zhao Jinfeng , Fan Liming , Li Liu , Jin Bing , Tang Zhe 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInspired by the excellent photochemical properties of 3‐hydroxyflavone and its derivatives, in this work, the novel 2‐phenyl‐3‐hydroxybenzo[g]quinolone (2P3HBQ) fluorophore is explored about its photo‐induced behaviors. By investigating the photoexcitation characteristics in different solvents as well as the substituted atomic electronegativity (O→S→Se), the solvent‐polarity‐related and atomic‐electronegativity‐dependent photo‐induced hydrogen bond of 2P3HBQ and its derivatives (2P3HBQ‐O, 2P3HBQ‐S and 2P3HBQ‐Se) indicates the S1‐state hydrogen bonding interactions could be enhanced. Particularly, the nonpolar solvent environment and low atomic electronegativity substitution play large roles in strengthening hydrogen bonding effects. Charge reorganization stemming from photoexcitation, strengthening excited state hydrogen bond effects, and the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) via frontier molecular orbitals (MOs) further reveals the excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) tendency. Via the manner of constructing potential energy curves (PECs) with restricted optimization, we elaborate and reveal the novel solvent‐polarity‐regulated and the atomic‐electronegativity‐controlled ESIPT dynamical behaviors.
Complexation of the Structural Isomers, Propargylimine and Acrylonitrile, with HCN, HNC AND HCP
Authors: McDowell Sean A. C. , Arthurs Vivian C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA computational study was undertaken of the binary complexes formed by combining HZ (Z=CN, NC, CP) with the structural isomers, acrylonitrile and the Z‐isomer of propargylimine (Z‐PGIM). Two sets of complexes are predicted – hydrogen‐bonded dimers of HZ and acrylonitrile/Z‐PGIM and a set of strongly bound dimers with covalently‐bonded 3‐atom ring(s). The latter dimers were obtained by optimization, starting from an unusual initial configuration, where the atoms of each interacting monomers are in close proximity to each other, and specifically involving an unsaturated bond on, at least, one of the monomers. Seven new dimers were obtained by this procedure and their bonding features were characterized by charge partitioning analyses to rationalize their relative stabilities.
Sustainable and Scalable Synthesis of 2D Ultrathin Hierarchical Porous Carbon Nanosheets for High‐Performance Supercapacitor
Authors: Dong Jiran , Zeng Jinsong , Li Jinpeng , Li Pengfei , Wang Bin , Xu Jun , Gao Wenhua , Chen Kefu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract2D carbon nanomaterials such as graphene, carbon nanosheets, and their derivatives, representing the emerging class of advanced multifunctional materials, have gained great research interest because of their extensive applications ranging from electrochemistry to catalysis. However, sustainable and scalable synthesis of 2D carbon nanosheets (CNs) with hierarchical architecture and irregular structure via a green and low‐cost strategy remains a great challenge. Herein, prehydrolysis liquor (PHL), an industrial byproduct of the pulping industry, is first employed to synthesize CNs via a simple hydrothermal carbonization technique. After mild activation with NH4Cl and FeCl3, the as‐prepared activated CNs (A‐CN@NFe) display an ultrathin structure (≈3 nm) and a desirable specific surface area (1021 m2 g−1) with hierarchical porous structure, which enables it to be both electroactive materials and structural support materials in nanofibrillated cellulose/A‐CN@NFe/polypyrrole (NCP) nanocomposite, and thus endowing nanocomposite with impressive capacitance properties of 2546.3 mF cm−2 at 1 mA cm−2. Furthermore, the resultant all‐solid‐state symmetric supercapacitor delivers a satisfactory energy storage ability of 90.1 µWh cm−2 at 250.0 µW cm−2. Thus, this work not only opens a new window for sustainable and scalable synthesis of CNs, but also offers a double profits strategy for energy storage and biorefinery industry.