bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of World Health Organization behaviorally anchored rating scale and checklist utilization: promising results for LMICs
Authors: Khalid Syed Yousaf , Sibghatullah Qazi Muhammad , Abdullah Muhammad Haroon , Farooq Omer , Ashraf Sandal , Ahmed Adeel , Arshad Ashhar , Nadeem Abdullah , Mumtaz Hassan , Saqib Muhammad 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundOperating teams can decrease the likelihood of patient risk by using the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist. To ascertain the impact of demographic factors on behaviorally anchored ratings and investigate operating room (OR) staff attitudes toward checklist administration, we set out to better understand how OR personnel use the checklist in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan.Materials and methodsA monocentric sequential mixed-methods study employing a quantitative approach of using World Health Organization Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scale (WHOBARS) assessments of surgical cases by OR personnel and two independent observers, who were certified surgeons having extensive experience in the rating of the WHOBARS scale for more than 1 year, followed by a qualitative approach of staff interviews were carried out in a tertiary care setting. In June and July 2022, over the period of 8 weeks, an intervention (training delivery) was implemented and evaluated. The information, skills, and behavior adjustments required to apply the checklist were taught in the course using lectures, videos, small group breakouts, participant feedback, and simulations.ResultsAfter the introduction of WHOBARS, 50.81% of respondents reported always using the checklist, with another 30.81% using it in part. Participants' years in practice, hospital size, or surgical volume did not predict checklist use. Checklist use was associated with always counting instruments (51.08%), patient identity (67.83%), difficult intubation risk (39.72%), the risk of blood loss (51.08%), prophylactic administration of an antibiotic (52.43%), and the use of pulse oximeter (46.75%). Interviewees felt that the checklist could promote teamwork and a safe culture, particularly enabling speaking up. Senior staff were of key importance in setting the appropriate tone.ConclusionThe use of a multi-disciplinary course for checklist implementation resulted in 50.81% of participants always using the checklist and an increase in counting surgical instruments. Successful checklist implementation was not predicted by the participant's length of medical service, hospital size, or surgical volume. If reproducible in other countries, widespread implementation in LMICs becomes a realistic possibility.
Insulin-like growth factor 1 predicts decompensation and long-term prognosis in patients with compensated cirrhosis
Authors: Saeki Chisato , Kanai Tomoya , Ueda Kaoru , Nakano Masanori , Oikawa Tsunekazu , Torisu Yuichi , Saruta Masayuki , Tsubota Akihito 
Published: July 2023

AimInsulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), which is primarily produced in hepatocytes and is associated with liver functional reserve, plays a crucial role in the pathological condition of cirrhosis. This study aimed to investigate the usefulness of serum IGF-1 levels for predicting the long-term prognosis and decompensation development in patients with cirrhosis.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated 148 patients with cirrhosis and divided them into three groups according to baseline IGF-1 levels: low (L)-, intermediate (I)-, and high (H)-IGF-1 groups. The cumulative survival rates were compared among these groups in compensated and decompensated cirrhosis, respectively. Significant and independent factors associated with mortality and decompensation development were identified using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.ResultsThe median observation period was 57.1 (41.7–63.2) months. Thirty (20.3%) patients died of liver disease-related events and 21 (22.3%) patients with compensated cirrhosis developed decompensation. Multivariate analysis identified low serum IGF-1 levels as a significant and independent factor associated with mortality (all patients: hazard ratio [HR], 0.967; p = 0.004; patients with compensated cirrhosis: HR, 0.927; p = 0.002). The cumulative survival rates were significantly lower in the L-IGF-1 group than in the H-IGF-1 and I-IGF-1 groups (all patients: p &lt; 0.001 and = 0.009; patients with compensated cirrhosis: p = 0.012 and 0.003, respectively). However, in decompensated cirrhosis, the cumulative survival rates demonstrated no significant differences among the three groups. The cumulative decompensation incidence rates were significantly higher in the L-IGF-1 group than in the H-IGF-1 and I-IGF-1 groups (p &lt; 0.001 and = 0.009, respectively). Low serum IGF-1 levels were significantly and independently associated with decompensation development (HR, 0.939; p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionLow serum IGF-1 levels were significantly and independently associated with decompensation development and poor long-term prognosis in patients with compensated cirrhosis. Therefore, IGF-1 may be useful for predicting decompensation-related events and should be regularly monitored in the management of compensated phase.
Blood transfusions post kidney transplantation are associated with inferior allograft and patient survival—it is time for rigorous patient blood management
Authors: Hassan Sevda , Mumford Lisa , Robinson Susan , Foukanelli Dora , Torpey Nick , Ploeg Rutger J. , Mamode Nizam , Murphy Michael F. , Brown Colin , Roberts David J. , Regan Fiona , Willicombe Michelle 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundPatient Blood Management (PBM), endorsed by the World Health Organisation is an evidence-based, multi-disciplinary approach to minimise inappropriate blood product transfusions. Kidney transplantation presents a particular challenge to PBM, as comprehensive evidence of the risk of transfusion is lacking. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of post-transplant blood transfusions across multiple centres, to analyse risk factors for transfusion and to compare transplant outcomes by transfusion status.MethodsThis analysis was co-ordinated via the UK Transplant Registry within NHS Blood and Transplant (NHSBT), and was performed across 4 centres. Patients who had received a kidney transplant over a 1-year period, had their transfusion status identified and linked to data held within the national registry.ResultsOf 720 patients, 221(30.7%) were transfused, with 214(29.7%) receiving a red blood cell (RBC) transfusion. The proportion of patients transfused at each centre ranged from 20% to 35%, with a median time to transfusion of 4 (IQR:0-12) days post-transplant. On multivariate analysis, age [OR: 1.02(1.01-1.03), p=0.001], gender [OR: 2.11(1.50-2.98), p&lt;0.0001], ethnicity [OR: 1.28(1.28-2.60), p=0.0008], and dialysis dependence pre-transplant [OR: 1.67(1.08-2.68), p=0.02], were associated with transfusion. A risk-adjusted Cox proportional hazards model showed transfusion was associated with inferior 1-year patient survival [HR 7.94(2.08-30.27), p=0.002] and allograft survival [HR: 3.33(1.65-6.71), p=0.0008], and inferior allograft function.ConclusionRBC transfusions are common and are independently associated with inferior transplant outcomes. We urge that further research is needed to understand the mechanisms behind the outcomes, to support the urgent development of transplant-specific anaemia guidelines.
Better together: novel methods for measuring and modeling development of executive function diversity while accounting for unity
Authors: Younger Jessica Wise , O’Laughlin Kristine D. , Anguera Joaquin A. , Bunge Silvia A. , Ferrer Emilio E. , Hoeft Fumiko , McCandliss Bruce D. , Mishra Jyoti , Rosenberg-Lee Miriam , Gazzaley Adam , Uncapher Melina R. 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionExecutive functions (EFs) are linked to positive outcomes across the lifespan. Yet, methodological challenges have prevented precise understanding of the developmental trajectory of their organization.MethodsWe introduce novel methods to address challenges for both measuring and modeling EFs using an accelerated longitudinal design with a large, diverse sample of students in middle childhood (N = 1,286; ages 8 to 14). We used eight adaptive assessments hypothesized to measure three EFs, working memory, context monitoring, and interference resolution. We deployed adaptive assessments to equate EF challenge across ages and a data-driven, network analytic approach to reveal the evolving diversity of EFs while simultaneously accounting for their unity.Results and discussionUsing this methodological paradigm shift brought new precision and clarity to the development of these EFs, showing these eight tasks are organized into three stable components by age 10, but refinement of composition of these components continues through at least age 14.
NeuroBridge ontology: computable provenance metadata to give the long tail of neuroimaging data a FAIR chance for secondary use
Authors: Sahoo Satya S. , Turner Matthew D. , Wang Lei , Ambite Jose Luis , Appaji Abhishek , Rajasekar Arcot , Lander Howard M. , Wang Yue , Turner Jessica A. 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundDespite the efforts of the neuroscience community, there are many published neuroimaging studies with data that are still not findable or accessible. Users face significant challenges in reusing neuroimaging data due to the lack of provenance metadata, such as experimental protocols, study instruments, and details about the study participants, which is also required for interoperability. To implement the FAIR guidelines for neuroimaging data, we have developed an iterative ontology engineering process and used it to create the NeuroBridge ontology. The NeuroBridge ontology is a computable model of provenance terms to implement FAIR principles and together with an international effort to annotate full text articles with ontology terms, the ontology enables users to locate relevant neuroimaging datasets.MethodsBuilding on our previous work in metadata modeling, and in concert with an initial annotation of a representative corpus, we modeled diagnosis terms (e.g., schizophrenia, alcohol usage disorder), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan types (T1-weighted, task-based, etc.), clinical symptom assessments (PANSS, AUDIT), and a variety of other assessments. We used the feedback of the annotation team to identify missing metadata terms, which were added to the NeuroBridge ontology, and we restructured the ontology to support both the final annotation of the corpus of neuroimaging articles by a second, independent set of annotators, as well as the functionalities of the NeuroBridge search portal for neuroimaging datasets.ResultsThe NeuroBridge ontology consists of 660 classes with 49 properties with 3,200 axioms. The ontology includes mappings to existing ontologies, enabling the NeuroBridge ontology to be interoperable with other domain specific terminological systems. Using the ontology, we annotated 186 neuroimaging full-text articles describing the participant types, scanning, clinical and cognitive assessments.ConclusionThe NeuroBridge ontology is the first computable metadata model that represents the types of data available in recent neuroimaging studies in schizophrenia and substance use disorders research; it can be extended to include more granular terms as needed. This metadata ontology is expected to form the computational foundation to help both investigators to make their data FAIR compliant and support users to conduct reproducible neuroimaging research.
Overnight olfactory enrichment using an odorant diffuser improves memory and modifies the uncinate fasciculus in older adults
Authors: Woo Cynthia C. , Miranda Blake , Sathishkumar Mithra , Dehkordi-Vakil Farideh , Yassa Michael A. , Leon Michael 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveCognitive loss in older adults is a growing issue in our society, and there is a need to develop inexpensive, simple, effective in-home treatments. This study was conducted to explore the use of olfactory enrichment at night to improve cognitive ability in healthy older adults.MethodsMale and female older adults (N = 43), age 60–85, were enrolled in the study and randomly assigned to an Olfactory Enriched or Control group. Individuals in the enriched group were exposed to 7 different odorants a week, one per night, for 2 h, using an odorant diffuser. Individuals in the control group had the same experience with de minimis amounts of odorant. Neuropsychological assessments and fMRI scans were administered at the beginning of the study and after 6 months.ResultsA statistically significant 226% improvement was observed in the enriched group compared to the control group on the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test and improved functioning was observed in the left uncinate fasciculus, as assessed by mean diffusivity.ConclusionMinimal olfactory enrichment administered at night produces improvements in both cognitive and neural functioning. Thus, olfactory enrichment may provide an effective and low-effort pathway to improved brain health.
Effect comparison of neuroendoscopy versus microsurgery in the treatment of lateral ventricular tumors
Authors: Li Kai , Liang Jianfeng , Niu Hongchuan , Lan Shuang , Liang Xiaoning , Zhao Yuanli , Zhao Peng 
Published: July 2023

PurposeWe sought to reveal the clinical characteristics of lateral ventricle tumors and to evaluate the superior surgical procedure available.MethodsThere involved a total of of 49 adult patients harboring lateral ventricle tumors in neurosurgery department of our hospital from January 2016 to March 2022. The patients enrolled were retrospectively analyzed, so are their clinical manifestations, pathological characteristics and surgical strategies. The patients were allocated into neuroendoscope group (11 cases) and microsurgery group (38 cases) according to the operation method. The two groups underwent a detailed evaluation of operation effectiveness and safety profile (operation time, intraoperative bleeding, surgical resection rate, postoperative complications) and economic indicators (postoperative hospital stay, hospital costs).ResultsThe neuroendoscope group demonstrated a markedly shorter operation time than the microsurgery group (p&lt;0.05), with the amount of bleeding significantly less than the microsurgery group (p&lt;0.01). However, there was no significant difference in the resection rate and postoperative complications between the two groups (p&gt;0.05). Significant difference was found in the economic indicators (postoperative hospital stay and hospital costs) of the patients in the neuroendoscope group (p&lt;0.05).ConclusionSurgery intervention is regarded as the core treatment option for lateral ventricle tumors. Both microsurgery and neuroendoscopy are effective with safety profile. In the selected lateral ventricle tumor surgery, the application of neuroendoscopic surgery showed promising results, in terms of less intraoperative bleeding, and shorter operation time, postoperative hospital stays, and hospital costs. The selection of surgical approach and methods for lateral ventricle tumors is principally depended on the experience of neurosurgeon concerning the surgical approach and related neuroanatomy.
Factors associated with unsatisfactory cosmetic results in oncoplastic surgery
Authors: de Oliveira-Junior Idam , da Costa Vieira René Aloísio , Biller Gabriele , Sarri Almir José , da Silva Fabíola Cristina Brandini , Nahás Eliana Aguiar Petri 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionOncoplastic surgery (OS) has expanded the indications for breast-conserving surgery associated with an adequate aesthetic result. However, few studies have described the factors associated with unsatisfactory cosmetic outcomes from this surgical modality.Materials and methodsThis is a cross-sectional prospective study that included patients undergoing breast-conserving surgery (BCS) with or without OS. The patients self-evaluated the cosmetic results of the breasts posttreatment and had them photographed. The photos were analyzed by BCCT.core. Individual and treatment factors (local and systemic) for all patients were evaluated. These factors were dichotomized according to the use of OS and to the cosmetic result (satisfactory and unsatisfactory). Categorical variables were tested for association with surgical outcome using the chi-square test while numerical variables using the Mann−Whitney U test. Variables with p &lt;0,2 were selected for multivariate analysis.ResultsOf the 300 patients evaluated, 72 (24,0%) underwent OS. According to the patient self-evaluations, an unsatisfactory cosmetic result from OS was significantly associated with younger age at diagnosis, higher body mass index (BMI) at the time of evaluation, larger tumor size and greater weight of the surgical specimen. According to the BCCT.core, only the laterality of the tumor (left) was significantly associated with an unsatisfactory cosmetic result. In logistic regression, considering OS as a control variable, the risk of an unsatisfactory outcome according to patient self-evaluation was related to the tumor ≥ T2 odds ratio (OR) 1,85 (1,027-3,34) and age at diagnosis &lt; 40 [OR 5,0 (1,84-13,95)]. However, according to the software, the variables were associated with an increased risk of an unsatisfactory outcome were the time interval between surgery and evaluation [OR 1,27 (1,16-1,39)], the presence of lymphedema [OR 2,97 (1,36-6,46)], surgical wound infection [OR 3,6 (1,22-11,16)], tumor location on the left side [OR 3,06 (1,69-5,53)], overweight [OR 2,93 (1,48-5,8)] and obesity [OR 2,52 (1,2-5,31)].ConclusionThere is no standard methodology for breast cosmesis evaluation, which influences the factors associated with unsatisfactory results. Younger patients and those with increased BMI, left breast cancer and extensive resections tend to present with unsatisfactory cosmetic results when OS is performed.
Diagnostic accuracy of 99mTc-HYNIC-TOC SPECT/CT for detecting osteomalacia-associated tumors
Authors: Li Bo , Duan Lili , Li Xiali , Shi Jingqi , Li Huiqiang , Liu Huimin , Cheng Xiaoliang , Wu Xinyu , Gao Yongju 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesTumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare acquired paraneoplastic disorder characterized by hypophosphatemia resulting from tumor-secreted fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23). Surgical resection of the culprit TIO is the first choice of treatment. However, TIO is difficult to detect with conventional diagnostic tools due to its small size and variable location in the body. Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SSR) has recently emerged as a functional molecular imaging choice for TIO detection and localization. This research was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of 99mTc-labeled hydrazinonicotinyl-Tyr3-octreotide (99mTc-HYNIC-TOC) SPECT/CT in detecting TIO.Methods99mTc-HYNIC-TOC SPECT/CT and the available clinical data of 25 patients with suspected TIO were analyzed retrospectively. The 99mTc-HYNIC-TOC SPECT/CT findings were compared with the post-surgical pathology diagnosis and clinical follow-up results.ResultsUsing 99mTc-HYNIC-TOC SPECT/CT, suspicious tumors were found in 18 of the 25 patients, and 15 of them underwent surgical resection. The post-operative pathology confirmed a TIO in those 13 patients whose symptoms and biochemical anomalies gradually resolved after the surgery. The remaining five patients were finally considered false positives. Moreover, the 99mTc-HYNIC-TOC SPECT/CT results were negative in seven patients, with six patients being true negative (4 patients were diagnosed with acquired Fanconi syndrome and 2 patients responded well to conservative therapy) and one being false negative. Therefore, the sensitivity and specificity values of 99mTc-HYNIC-TOC SPECT/CT in the evaluation of TIO were 92.9% (13/14) and 54.5% (6/11), respectively. The overall accuracy of 99mTc-HYNIC-TOC SPECT/CT for detecting TIO was 76.0% (19/25).ConclusionsThe 99mTc-HYNIC-TOC SPECT/CT is an accurate imaging modality for locating culprit tumors in TIO.
Overview of systematic reviews of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children
Authors: Yang Qingrui , Hu Zeyu , Lei Yuyu , Li Xinzhu , Xu Chao , Zhang Jie , Liu Haitao , Du Xiaoquan 
Published: July 2023

Background: Antibiotics alter the microbial balance commonly resulting in antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD). Probiotics may prevent and treat AAD by providing the gut barrier and restoring the gut microflora. This study will overview the Systematic Reviews (SRs) of probiotics in preventing and treating AAD in children. It will also assess the reporting, methodological, and evidence quality of the included SRs to provide evidence for their clinical practice.Methods: After searching PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM, VIP, and WanFang Data databases, and finally included SRs of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of AAD in children, which were published before 1 October 2022. The reporting, methodological, and evidence quality of the included SRs were assessed by PRISMA 2020 statement, AMSTAR 2 tool, and GRADE system.Results: A total of 20 SRs were included, and the results of PRISMA 2020 showed that 4 out of 20 SRs with relatively complete reporting, and the others within some reporting deficiencies, with scores ranging from 17 points to 26.5 points; the results of AMSTAR 2 showed that 3 SRs belonged to moderate quality level, 10 SRs belonged to low-quality level and 7 SRs being extremely low-quality level; the results of the GRADE system showed that a total of 47 outcomes were reported for the included SRs, three were high-level evidence quality, 16 were medium-level evidence quality, 24 were low-level evidence quality, and four were extremely low-level evidence quality; the results of the Meta-analysis showed that high doses (5–40 billion CFUs per day) of probiotics had a significant effect in the prevention of AAD, but it is too early to conclude the effectiveness and safety of other probiotic drugs for AAD in children, except for Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus and Saccharomyces boulardii.Conclusion: Current evidence shows that probiotics effectively prevent and treat AAD in children, and the effect of probiotics on pediatric AAD may be a potential dose-response effect. However, the conclusion should be treated with caution due to deficiencies in the methodological, reporting, and evidence quality of the included SRs. Therefore, the methodological, reporting, and evidence quality of relevant SRs still need further improvement.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022362328