bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case report: Anorexia nervosa and unspecified restricting-type eating disorder in Jewish ultra-orthodox religious males, leading to severe physical and psychological morbidity
Authors: Laufer Sofia , Herman Estee , Serfaty David , Latzer Yael , Ashkenazi Rachel , Attias Orna , Oren Sinai , Shimomi Meirav , Uziel Moria , Enoch-Levy Adi , Witztum Eliezer , Stein Daniel 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundYoung Jewish Ultra-Orthodox women usually show less disturbances in body image and eating in comparison to less religious communities. By contrast, problems with eating are highly unknown and unrecognized in Jewish Ultra-Orthodox males.AimTo investigate whether in Ultra-Orthodox males, restricting-type AN (AN-R) with highly obsessional physical activity and unspecified restricting eating disorder (ED) in the context of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) would lead to severe physical and emotional morbidity.ResultsThe study included two groups: the first, 3 adolescents with AN-R developing severely increased ritualized obsessional physical activity in addition to restricting eating, requiring inpatient treatment because of severe bradycardia. These youngsters ignored the severity of their obsessional physical activity, continuing with it in hospital despite their grave medical condition. One student began extensive training for triathlon, whereas another student, upon remitting from AN, developed severe muscle dysmorphia. These findings suggest that young Ultra-Orthodox males with AN may develop obsessional physical activity to increase their muscle mass rather than to lose weight Another four Jewish Ultra-Orthodox males developed malnutrition in the context of severe OCD, with no evidence of dieting or body-image disturbances. These individuals developed highly obsessional adherence to different Jewish religious rules, including prolonged praying, asceticism, and overvalued strict adherence to Jewish Kashrut rules of eating, leading in all cases to severe food restriction. They were highly unaware of their severe weight loss and required hospitalization because of severe physical disturbances associated with malnutrition. Moreover, most did not cooperate with their treatment, and their ED-related obsessionality was mostly resistant to psychopharmacotherapy.ConclusionOwing to their highly ritualistic rigid way of life, combined with the need for excellency in studying, Jewish Ultra-Orthodox adolescent males with AN might be at a specific risk of developing severe physical disturbances if their illness is associated with highly perfectionistic obsessional physical activity. Second, Jewish Ultra-Orthodox religious males with OCD might be at a specific risk for severe undernutrition, as their rigid relentless observance of Jewish everyday laws might highly interfere with their eating.
Effectiveness of chlamydia Test and Treat strategy in preventing adverse pregnancy outcomes: protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Liu Lijun , Li Changchang , Sun Xuewan , Yang Bin , Zheng Heping , Li Meng , Huang Shujie , Wang Cheng , Tang Weiming 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionChlamydia trachomatis is one of the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infections worldwide, and is associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, whether providing chlamydia screening and treatment during the first trimester of pregnancy could reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes is still not clear. This study reports a randomized controlled trial (RCT) protocol to evaluate the effectiveness of chlamydia Test and Treat during early pregnancy in preventing adverse pregnancy outcomes in China.Methods and analysisThis trial is a multi-center two-arm RCT targeting 7,500 pregnant women in early pregnancy (6–20 weeks). The inclusion criteria included: 18–39 years old, on their first antenatal visit, in the first trimester, and plan to deliver in the study cities. Following a block randomization procedure, every block of twenty women will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio into two arms: (1) a Test and Treat arm in which women receive free chlamydia testing immediately after enrollment and people tested as chlamydia positive will receive standardized treatment and partner treatment; (2) a control arm in which women receive regular prenatal care without receiving testing during the pregnancy period, but collect urine samples and test them after delivery or indicating a chlamydia-related complication during pregnancy happens. The primary outcome is a composite of eight adverse events rate at delivery between two arms, including stillbirth, infant death, spontaneous abortion, preterm labor, low birth weight, premature rupture of membranes, postpartum endometritis, and ectopic pregnancy. Secondary outcomes include the cost-effectiveness of the intervention, the proportion of people tested with chlamydia infection, the proportion of tested-positive patients that received treatment, and the proportion of people who were cured 1 month after the treatment initiation. Urine specimens will be collected and tested for chlamydia by using Nucleic Acid Amplification Test. Data will be analyzed according to the intention-to-treat principle.DiscussionThis trial will test the hypothesis that early testing and treating of chlamydia can reduce the risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes and may help in developing chlamydia screening guidelines in China and other countries with a similar prevalence of chlamydia infection.Trial registrationChinese Clinical Trials Registry, ChiCTR2000031549. Registered on April 4, 2020.
Evaluating the effectiveness of lockdowns and restrictions during SARS-CoV-2 variant waves in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia
Authors: Sganzerla Martinez Gustavo , Hewins Benjamin , LeBlanc Jason J. , Ndishimye Pacifique , Toloue Ostadgavahi Ali , Kelvin David J. 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionAfter the initial onset of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the government of Canada and provincial health authorities imposed restrictive policies to limit virus transmission and mitigate disease burden. In this study, the pandemic implications in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia (NS) were evaluated as a function of the movement of people and governmental restrictions during successive SARS-CoV-2 variant waves (i.e., Alpha through Omicron).MethodsPublicly available data obtained from community mobility reports (Google), the Bank of Canada Stringency Index, the “COVID-19 Tracker” service, including cases, hospitalizations, deaths, and vaccines, population mobility trends, and governmental response data were used to relate the effectiveness of policies in controlling movement and containing multiple waves of SARS-CoV-2.ResultsOur results indicate that the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic inflicted low burden in NS in the initial 2 years of the pandemic. In this period, we identified reduced mobility patterns in the population. We also observed a negative correlation between public transport (−0.78), workplace (−0.69), retail and recreation (−0.68) and governmental restrictions, indicating a tight governmental control of these movement patterns. During the initial 2 years, governmental restrictions were high and the movement of people low, characterizing a ‘seek-and-destroy’ approach. Following this phase, the highly transmissible Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant began circulating in NS at the end of the second year, leading to increased cases, hospitalizations, and deaths. During this Omicron period, unsustainable governmental restrictions and waning public adherence led to increased population mobility, despite increased transmissibility (26.41-fold increase) and lethality (9.62-fold increase) of the novel variant.DiscussionThese findings suggest that the low initial burden caused by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic was likely a result of enhanced restrictions to contain the movement of people and consequently, the spread of the disease. Easing public health restrictions (as measured by a decline in the BOC index) during periods of high transmissibility of circulating COVID-19 variants contributed to community spread, despite high levels of immunization in NS.
The relationship between use of complementary and alternative medicine and health literacy in chronically ill outpatient cases: a cross-sectional study in southeastern Iran
Authors: Dehghan Mahlagha , Rad Mahla Mohebi , Lari Leyla Ahmadi , Ghorbani-nejad Behnam , Mohebi-Rad Milad 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundChronically ill outpatient cases use a variety of complementary and alternative medicines due to their diseases and therapeutic complications. Chronic condition, quality of life, and health literacy all affect the use of complementary medicine among chronically ill outpatient cases. Health literacy helps patients make fully informed decisions about the use of complementary and alternative medicine. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between complementary and alternative medicine and health literacy in chronically ill outpatient cases.MethodThis cross-sectional analytical-descriptive study was conducted on 400 chronically ill outpatient cases referred to medical centers affiliated to Kerman University of Medical Sciences. Convenience sampling was used. Research tools included the complementary and alternative medicine questionnaire and the health literacy questionnaire. SPSS25 was used to analyze data.ResultsThe mean use of complementary and alternative medicine in a recent year was 16.75 ± 7.89, which was lower than the mid-point of the questionnaire (84). Prayer, medicinal plants, vitamin supplements, music therapy, and art therapy were the mostly used complementary and alternative medicine methods. The most common reasons for using complementary medicine were to reduce physical complications and improve anxiety and stress. The mean satisfaction with the use of complementary and alternative medicine was 34.96 ± 6.69. The mean health literacy score was 67.13 ± 19.90. Decision-making and the use of health information had the highest mean score among the dimensions of health literacy, whereas reading skills received the lowest mean score. We found a significant and direct relationship between the use of complementary and alternative medicine, health literacy, and all its dimensions.ConclusionThe study results showed that health literacy predicted the use of complementary and alternative medicine. Health education and promotion programs may be useful for improvement of health literacy in the community.
Development of attractants and repellents for Tuta absoluta based on plant volatiles from tomato and eggplant
Authors: Chen Tingting , Chen Limin , Wang Jinchao , Cheng Jianghui , Yi Songwang , Hafeez Muhammad , Zhou Shuxing , Li Yuanxi , Li Xiaowei , Lu Yaobin 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionTuta absoluta is currently considered one of the most devastating invasive pests of solanaceous plants worldwide, causing severe damage to the tomato industry. Insects use volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to locate host plant for feeding and oviposition. Those VOCs could be developed as lures for pest monitoring and control.MethodsIn this study, the differentially accumulated VOCs between the preferred host (tomato) and non-preferred host (eggplant) were analyzed by GC–MS method, and their roles on female T. absoluta host selection and egg laying behaviors were investigated using electroantennography (EAG), olfactometer and cage experiments.ResultsA total of 39 differentially accumulated VOCs were identified in tomato and eggplant. Strong EAG signals were obtained in 9 VOCs, including 5 VOCs highly accumulated in tomato and 4 VOCs highly accumulated in eggplant. Further olfactometer bioassays showed that 4 compounds (1-nonanol, ethyl heptanoate, ethyl octanoate and o-nitrophenol) were attractive to T. absoluta females, while 5 compounds (2-phenylethanol, 2-pentylfuran, trans,trans-2,4-nonadienal, 2-ethyl-5-methylpyrazine and trans-2-nonenal) were repellent, indicating that VOCs from host plants play important roles in host plant preferences. The attractive activities of 1-nonanol and ethyl octanoate, as well as the repellent activities of trans,trans-2,4-nonadienal and trans-2-nonenal, were further confirmed in cage experiments.DiscussionIn this study, two attractants and two repellents for T. absoluta were developed from plant released VOCs. Our results could be useful to enhance the development of eco-friendly and sustainable pest management strategies for T. absoluta.
Comparisons of oblique lumbar interbody fusion and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for degenerative spondylolisthesis: a prospective cohort study with a 2-year follow-up
Authors: Wu Jingye , Ao Jintao , Xu Zhongning , Li Guanqing , Ge Tenghui , Wang Yongqing , Tao Xiaohui , Tian Wei , Sun Yuqing 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes between oblique (OLIF) and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) for patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis during a 2-year follow-up.MethodsPatients with symptomatic degenerative spondylolisthesis who underwent OLIF (OLIF group) or TLIF (TLIF group) were prospectively enrolled in the authors’ hospital and followed up for 2 years. The primary outcomes were treatment effects [changes in visual analog score (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) from baseline] at 2 years after surgery; these were compared between two groups. Patient characteristics, radiographic parameters, fusion status, and complication rates were also compared.ResultsIn total, 45 patients were eligible for the OLIF group and 47 patients for the TLIF group. The rates of follow-up were 89% and 87% at 2 years, respectively. The comparisons of primary outcomes demonstrated no different changes in VAS-leg (OLIF, 3.4 vs. TLIF, 2.7), VAS-back (OLIF, 2.5 vs. TLIF, 2.1), and ODI (OLIF, 26.8 vs. TLIF, 30). The fusion rates were 86.1% in the TLIF group and 92.5% in the OLIF group at 2 years (P = 0.365). The OLIF group had less estimated blood loss (median, 200 ml) than the TLIF group (median, 300 ml) (P &lt; 0.001). Greater restoration of disc height was obtained by OLIF (mean, 4.6 mm) than the TLIF group (mean, 1.3 mm) in the early postoperative period (P &lt; 0.001). The subsidence rate was lower in the OLIF group than that in the TLIF group (17.5% vs. 38.9%, P = 0.037). The rates of total problematic complications were not different between the two groups (OLIF, 14.6% vs. TLIF, 26.2%, P = 0.192).ConclusionOLIF did not show better clinical outcomes than TLIF for degenerative spondylolisthesis, except for lesser blood loss, greater disc height restoration, and lower subsidence rate.
Narratological approach of the film adaptation of Thérèse Desqueyroux by François Mauriac
Authors: Gialatzi Despina 
Published: April 2023

The aim of this paper is to examine translation as a phenomenon from literature into movies through isotopies. In particular, the research concen-trates on the intertextual phenomenon between the original classic version in literature and the two film versions (1962 and 2012). In Gideon Toury’s work, translation is seen as an intertextual phenomenon. The three “texts” form an intertextual triangle. Mauriac’s classic novel is at the top of the triangle as a significant guide, and at the same time the two films rest on the triangle’s base. In 1927, the French writer, François Mauriac wrote his iconic work, Thérèse Desqueyroux. In his novel, the writer describes the tragic story of a poisoner. This is a woman who hovers between the romantic of the past and the realism of the present. The young heroine lets herself go psychically into her dreams, and she does not see reality in its logical dimension. Her marriage is not a romantic, happy and ideal union taken from the romantic works of the 19th century. It is a cold, cruel and indifferent marriage. In a way, Thérèse is a victim of herself. Unveiling the psychographic image of this fatal woman called Thérèse D, the application of Greimas’s narratological method offers a fertile field of research, and the examination of the transformation into a double cinematographic portrait. Thérèse is a woman prisoner in her name: Desqueyroux. The narrative structure of the work turns on the fragile psyche of the heroine. Is she real-ly a fragile female figure or, a cruel poisoner in a search of mental freedom?
VARIASI KETEBALAN MEDIA BIO CERAMIC BALL FILTER UNTUK MENURUNKAN TOTAL COLIFORM PADA AIR MINUM
Authors: Wahyudiniar Devira Nuradzila , Pujiono Pujiono 
Published: April 2023

Air minum sebagai salah satu kebutuhan penting untuk manusia, sehingga harus sesuai dengan regulasi yang ditetapkan. Air minum yang ada di Kantin PT. X melakukan pengolahan hanya dengan memasak air hingga mendidih, hasil pemeriksaan kualitas bakteriologis tidak memenuhi syarat untuk parameter Coliform sebesar 119 APM/100 ml menurut Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan RI No. 492 Tahun 2010 tentang Persyaratan Kualitas Air Minum. Sumber air berasal dari sumur bor, jarak sumur bor < 10 meter sumber pencemar. Perlu adanya pengolahan tambahan dengan metode filtrasi menggunakan filter Bio Ceramic Ball untuk menurunkan nilai total Bakteri Coliform. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas variasi ketebalan filter Bio Ceramic Ball terhadap penurunan total Coliform, dengan variasi ketebalan 25 cm, 30 cm, dan 35 cm. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu penelitian eksperimen dengan desain pretest postest whitout control. Besar sampel sebanyak 36 sampel dengan kebutuhan air minum untuk pemeriksaan sebanyak 3,6 liter. uji yang dilakukan menggunakan uji one way anova karena data penelitian berdistribusi normal. Rata-rata penurunan nilai total Coliform pada variasi ketebalan 25 cm sebesar 104 APM/100 ml, variasi ketebalan 30 cm sebesar 112 APM/100 ml dan variasi ketebalan 35 cm sebesar 116 APM/100 ml. Ini menunjukkan hasil penelitian yang paling efektif penurunan total Bakteri Coliform adalah ketebalan filter Bio Ceramic Ball 35 cm yang mencapai 99,02%. Ketebalan dapat ditingkatkan sehingga hasilnya lebih baik.
Оцінка зваженого рівня впливу обмежених збурень на якість дескрипторних дискретних систем керування
Authors: Мазко Олексій Григорович 
Published: April 2023

У класичній теорії H∞-керування критерієм якості неперервних систем з нульовим початковим станом є рівень гасіння зовнішніх (екзогенних) збурень, якому відповідає максимальне значення відношення -норм векторів контрольованого виходу об’єкта і збурень. На практиці стабілізуючі закони керування у вигляді статичних або динамічних регуляторів за спостережуваним виходом, які мінімізують такі характеристики керованих об’єктів, забезпечують бажану якість і високу надійність їхнього функціонування в реальних умовах. У даній роботі для класу лінійних дескрипторних (сингулярних) систем керування з дискретним часом досліджуються задачі оцінки та досягнення узагальнених показників якості, які характеризують зважений рівень гасіння обмежених зовнішніх збурень, а також початкових збурень, обумовлених невідомим початковим вектором. Встановлюються нові критерії виконання наперед заданої верхньої оцiнки для вказаних показників якостi, які зводяться до розв’язування лінійних матричних нерівностей (ЛМН). Вiдомi методи оцiнки -норми матричної передатної функцiї лінійної дескрипторної системи (твердження типу «bounded real lemma») є наслiдками отриманих тверджень для зважених показникiв якостi. Розглядаючи задачу синтезу для лінійної дескрипторної системи з керованими і спостережуваними виходами, у вигляді трьох матричних нерівностей встановлюються необхідні та достатні умови існування статичного регулятора за спостережуваним виходом, при якому замкнена система є допустимою (регулярною, стiйкою i причинною) і досягаються бажані оцінки використовуваних зважених показників якості. У термінах ЛМН пропонується методика побудови еліпсоїдальної множини матриць статичного регулятора за виходом, який забезпечує замкненій системі вказані властивості. При цьому додатно визначені матриці, які визначають дану еліпсоїдальну множину, можуть бути як заданими, так і шуканими компонентами розв’язку ЛМН. Для ілюстрації отриманих результатів і можливості чисельної реалізації запропонованих методів за допомогою комп’ютерних засобів наводиться приклад дескрипторної системи стабілізації електричного кола.
Prevention of aggression and destructive behavior of youth: analysis of world experience
Authors: Malykh Sergey 
Published: April 2023

This review presents a thesis analysis of the monograph «Prevention of aggression and destructive behavior of youth: analysis of international experience». The quality of the content is assessed, the main types of asociality are concluded (bullying, single acts of aggression in educational organizations, etc.). Also, an assessment is made of the compliance of research with advanced branches of science, and the coverage of this work in practice is implemented.
The conclusions about the contribution of the authors to the study of the psychology of aggression and destructive behavior, as well as to the definition of practical areas of activity and approaches to the prevention of negative social impacts, are substantiated.
Problems of qualification of encroachment on the life of two or more persons
Authors: Sitnikova Alexandra 
Published: April 2023

The purpose of the work is an attempt to consider doctrinal options for qualifying an encroachment on the life of two or more persons and to present our own vision of solving the problems of criminal law assessment of multiple encroachment.
As a methodological basis for this study, the dialectical method was used in conjunction with instrumental methods of cognition, tested in the criminal law doctrine.
The following results were obtaineel during the study: 1) significant (principal) elements of a single composition of an encroachment on the life of two or more persons are: objective signs — simultaneous or non-simultaneous commission of criminal acts, as well as subjective signs — types of intentional guilt and motivation for criminal behavior; 2) the most adequate criminal law assessment of the actions of the perpetrator who encroached on the life of two or more persons, as a result of which a completed and unfinished crime was committed, allows the principle of differentiated qualification to be implemented; 3) the unity of intent to take the life of several victims also takes place with varying degrees of realization of criminal intent, since intent is a subjective sign, and the degree of its realization acts as real consequences.
A fair criminal law assessment of the actions of a person who encroached on the life of two or more victims will ensure the implementation of the principle of differentiated qualification, based on taking into account the content of intent, its direction and real consequences.