bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disruption of mitochondrial respiration and the monoamine neurotransmitter system in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Fišar Zdeněk , Hroudová Jana , Zvěřová Martina , Jirák Roman , Vaněčková Manuela , Raboch Jiří 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and disturbances in neurotransmitter systems. Depression is a common comorbidity of AD, and the disruption of monoaminergic neurotransmission may be involved in the pathophysiology of AD. Assessment of mitochondrial dysfunction was performed by measuring mitochondrial respiratory rate; changes in monoamine neurotransmission were evaluated by measuring mitochondrial monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) activity and serotonin transporter (SERT) activity in platelets. The decreases in the maximum capacity of the electron transport system and a decrease in the respiratory reserve capacity compared to controls was significant in intact platelets of AD patients but not in vascular dementia (VD) patients, indicating some specificity of these biomarkers for AD. In permeabilized platelets, parameters of mitochondrial respiration were not significantly altered in AD, suggesting that the reduction observed in intact platelets may be due to impaired availability of respiratory chain enzyme substrates. MAO-B activity and SERT activity were not significantly different between controls and AD and VD patients. The association of biochemical parameters with cognitive decline and comorbid depression in subjects with AD and VD showed the applicability of mitochondrial respiration in intact platelets, but not MAO-B activity and SERT activity, as a blood biomarker of AD.
Exposure to Oral Contraceptives Alters Human Endometrial Stem Cells Culture Media Metabolomics
Authors: Rochetti Raquel Cellin , Cordeiro Fernanda Bertuccez , Costa Livia do Vale Teixeira da , Fraietta Renato , Perkel Kayla Jane , Ferreira Fernando Prado , Turco Edson Guimaraes Lo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
PURPOSE: Endometrial plasticity relies on endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (EnMSC), while the influence of oral contraceptives (OCs) in these cells is unknown.
OBJECTIVES: Investigate the influence of OCs in EnMSC metabolism by culture media analysis.
METHOD: The EnMSC were collected from menstrual shedding and cultured for three passages. Culture media was collected at the end of each passage for further metabolomics.
RESULTS: The OC and non-OC groups differed significantly in their metabolites profile, indicated by 15 metabolites with discriminant power for sample classification.
CONCLUSIONS: Altered metabolomic profiling may be an effect of OC hormonal properties on EnMSC metabolism.
Dose Regimen Optimization of PD-L1 Inhibitor and Nab-paclitaxel in Patients with NSCLC: a Quantitative Systems Pharmacology analysis
Authors: Chen-yu	Wang  , Di-hong	Yang  , Xiao-min	Niu  , Lu	Han  , Wang Wen , Roman	Filimonov  , Shah Sajid	 Ali , Xin-yang	Weng  , Jiao Zheng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Introduction: Combining immune checkpoint inhibitor and chemotherapies provides more benefits than traditional treatment options in patients with NSCLC. However, some patients still have no clinical benefits. Clinical accessible biomarkers are necessary to predict clinical outcomes and optimize dose strategies. The study aimed to investigate accessible biomarkers that can predict clinical outcomes and optimize dosing strategies of atezolizumab and nab-paclitaxel combination therapy in patients with NSCLC by quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP).
Methods: The model was developed based on a published QSP model of triple-negative breast cancer using the SimBiology toolbox in MATLAB. The model included four compartments. With the model, we generated a virtual patient cohort to conduct in silico virtual clinical trials and used available data from real clinical trials (IMpower131) for model calibration and validation.
Results: The final QSP model predictions are consistent with clinically reported efficacy endpoints. CD8+ and CD4+ T cell densities in tumor are significantly affected by the response status. Roc analysis further implicating their potential to be predictive biomarkers for this double combination regimen. Virtual clinical trial simulation shows reduced nab-paclitaxel doses from 100 mg/m2 to 75 mg/m2 would leads to lower ORR but was higher than atezolizumab monotherapy. Three atezolizumab dosing strategies combined with nab-paclitaxel showed comparable efficacy. to compare different schedules of the two drugs for simulated therapeutic optimization.
Conclusion: This study provides a QSP model, which can be used to generate virtual patient cohorts and conduct virtual clinical trials. Our findings demonstrate its potential for making efficacy predictions for immunotherapies and chemotherapies, identifying predictive biomarkers, and guiding future clinical trial designs.
Performance of wheat as influence to irrigation scheduling and organic manures
Authors: Verma Hanuman Prasad Verma HP , Sharma OM Prakesh Sharma OP , Yadav Lala Ram Yadav LR , Sharma Amar Chand Shivran AC , Meena Satya Narayan Meena SN , Ashwal Subash Ashwal S , Dhakad Uditi Dhakad U 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted under loamy sand soil during two consecutive rabi seasons of 2014-15 and 2015-16 at Agronomy Farm, S.K.N. of College of Agriculture, Jobner, India. The treatments comprising five irrigation scheduling methods viz. Irrigation at critical stages (I1), 0.9 IW/CPE ratio (I2), 0.6 IW/CPE ratio at vegetative phase + 0.8 IW/CPE ratio at reproductive phase (I3), 0.6 IW/CPE ratio at vegetative phase + 1.0 IW/CPE ratio at reproductive phase (I4) and 0.8 IW/CPE ratio at vegetative phase + 1.0 IW/CPE ratio at reproductive phase (I5) were assigned in main plots and four does of organic manures i.e. Control (M0), FYM at 15 t/ha (M1), VC at 6 t/ha (M2) and FYM at 7.5 t + VC at 3 t/ha (M3) were applied in sub plots and replicated four times in split plot design. Wheat variety “Raj-4037” was used as a test crop. Results indicated that irrigation applied at 0.9 IW/CPE ratio recorded the maximum values of grain yield and soil moisture parameters (Moisture content before irrigation and 1/3 bar) and proved significantly superior over I1, I4and I3. The highest moisture depletion pattern from soil was obtained with I2. Results also indicated that application of FYM at 7.5 t + VC at 3 t/harecorded significantly higher grain yield, quality parameters (NPK content and uptake) and soil moisture parameters (Moisture content before irrigation and 1/3 bar) which is found at par with M2proved superior over rest of the treatments. The highest moisture depletion pattern from soil was obtained with M0. Scheduling of irrigation to wheat at 0.8 IW/CPE at vegetative phase + 1.0 IW/CPE ratio at reproductive phase and application of FYM at 7.5 t + VC 3 t/ha is recommended as this practice brought about significantly higher yield, nutrient content and uptake and moisture content.
Integration of parasitoid, Encarsia formosa Gahan in greenhouse whitefly management programme in tomato under protected environment
Authors: Ronika  , Sood Ajay K. , Kaushik Ekta , Kumar Surjeet 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Encarsia formosa, an endoparasitoid of greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum was incorporated in its management programme in tomato grown under protected environment. Whitefly management programme comprised mass trapping of greenhouse whitefly adults by using yellow sticky traps, potassium (K) nutrition (125% RDF), inoculative release of E. formosa, preventive use of insecticides and natural products comprising soil application of imidacloprid (0.009%), foliar application of azadirachtin (0.0003%) and alternate application of Tamarlassi(10%) and cow urine (5%), and need based curative use of chemical insecticides. The integrated measures proved efficacious in checking population build-up of T. vaporariorum. The evaluated treatments as preventive measures resulted in adult population to vary from 0.01 to 1.51 adults /leaf, being well below the economic threshold level of 5 adults/ leaf. Population was minimum in soil application of imidacloprid (0.009%) followed by foliar application azadirachtin (0.0003%) and alternate application of Tamarlassi (10%) and cow urine (5%). Fruit yield was significantly higher in the treatment comprising alternate foliar application of Tamarlassi(10%) and cow urine (5%) followed by the yield obtained in soil application of imidacloprid (0.009%).
True incidence of dislocation and associated risk factors in patients with a femoral neck fracture operated with an uncemented hemiarthroplasty
Authors: Olesen Britt Aaen , Närhi Susanne Faurholt , Jensen Thomas Giver , Overgaard Søren , Palm Henrik , Sørensen Michala Skovlund 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Several factors might be associated with risk of dislocating following uncemented hemiarthroplasty (HA) due to femoral neck fracture (FNF). Current evidence is limited with great variance in reported incidence of dislocation (1-15%). Aim of this study was to identify the true cumulative incidence of first-time dislocation following HA and to identify the associated risk factors.
Methods
We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients receiving an HA (BFX Biomet stem, posterior approach) at Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg, in 2010-2016. Patients were followed until death or end of study (dec 2018). Dislocation was identified by code extraction from the Danish National Patient Registry. Variables included in the multivariate model was defined pre-analysis to include: age, sex and variables with a p-value <0.1 in univariate analysis. A regression model was fitted for 90 days dislocation as the assumption of proportional hazard rate (HR) was not met here after.
Results
We identified 772 stems and 58 stems suffered 90 dislocations during the observation period resulting in a 7% (CI 5-9) incidence of dislocation 90 days after index surgery. 55 of the 58 stems (95%) experienced the first dislocation within 90 days after surgery. Only absence of dementia was identified as an independent protective factor in the cause-specific model (HR 0.46 (CI 0.23-0.89)) resulting in a 2.4-fold cumulative risk of experiencing a dislocation in case of dementia. Several other variables such as age, sex, various medical conditions, surgery delay and surgical experience were eliminated as statistical risk factors. We found a decrease in survival probability for patients who experienced a dislocation during follow-up.
Conclusions
The incidence of first-time dislocation of HA (BFX Biomet stem, posterior approach) in patients with a hip fracture is found to be 7% 90 days after surgery. Due to the non-existing attribution bias, we claim it to be the true incidence. Dementia was among several variables identified as the only risk factor for dislocation. In perspective, we may consider treating patients with cognitive impairment by other methods than HA.
Synthesis and Diagnosis of Some New Heterocyclic Compounds from Mefenamic Drug and Study of Their Possible Biological Activity
Authors: Lihumis Hala Shkyair , Mubarak Hayfaa A. , A.Alameri Ameer , Aowda Saadon Abdullah 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this study, new heterocyclic derivatives were prepared. The most available Mefenamic acid (M) has been reacted with thionyl chloride to get (M1 compound). (M1) compound treated with hydrazine carboxamide to get (M2) derivative then a ring closer reaction has been made to compound (M2) by NaOH solution to get the 1,2,4-triazole-3-or ring compound (M3). Compound (M)reaction with phenylhydrazine hydrate to give (M4) compound then a ring closer reaction have been made using carbon disulfide and hydrazine hydrate in basic media to get (M5). Compound (M1) was treated with 3-aminopropanoic acid to get (M6) compound. (M7) the compound has been synthesised by reacting the (M6) compound with benzaldehyde in the presence of acetic anhydride to get an oxazine ring (M7 compound). The synthesized compounds' antibacterial activity and antioxidant activity (M1-M7) were examined using the (DPPH) technique. The compounds show substantial antioxidant activity equivalent to the well-known (ascorbic acid) (IC50 = 31.95 g/mL) employed.
Serum Concentration of Coeliac Disease Antibodies in Patients with Vulgar Psoriasis
Authors: Tomić Lucija , Pondeljak Nives , Mužević Marina Vekić , Mosler Elvira Lazić 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Vulgar psoriasis and coeliac disease are both multisystemic diseases. The association of psoriasis and enteropathy with histological changes similar to celiac disease was already described, and additionally it has been found that a gluten-free diet improves psoriatic changes.
Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between coeliac disease antibodies and psoriasis.
Participants and Methods: The study included 112 participants, 60 with psoriasis in experimental group, and 52 healthy subjects in control group. The experimental group was subdivided in subgroup of patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (N=17), and subgroup of patients with psoriasis only (N=43). After informed consents were obtained, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) score and Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score were evaluated. Laboratory tests included assessment of anti-deaminated gliadin peptide antibodies (anti-DGPA), anti-gliadin antibodies (anti-GA), and anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies (anti-tTA).
Results: Positive anti-GA of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA class were found more frequently and in higher serum concentrations in patients with psoriasis in comparison to healthy controls. The same was established for anti-tTA of IgG class, as well as anti-DGPA of IgA class.
Conclusion: There is relationship between positivity to coeliac disease antibodies and psoriasis, in particular concerning antigliadin antibodies. Further studies are necessary to determine the nature, pathophysiology, and the meaning of these findings.
Learning Safe Behaviour via Justified Human Preferences and Hypothetical Queries
Authors: Kazantzidis Ilias , Norman Timothy J. , Du Yali , Freeman Christopher T. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Although reinforcement learning is a powerful paradigm for agent sequential decision-making, it cannot be used in its traditional form in most safety-critical environments. Human feedback can enable an agent to learn a good policy while avoiding unsafe states, but at the cost of human time. We present JPAL-HA, a model for safe learning in safety-critical environments that is grounded on two novel ideas: (i) human preferences over a choice of actions are augmented with justifications such as one action is preferred because the other is unsafe; and (ii) we use these justifications to guide the generation of future queries over hypothetical actions to enable the agent to more effectively map out unsafe regions. Our algorithm comes with experimental safety and performance guarantees during training, and so offers a practical tool for users to train their agent safely and according to the level of safety their application requires. We evaluate it using a modified version of the Island Navigation environment from the AI Safety Gridworlds. We show that it significantly improves safety compared to existing human-in-the-loop safe reinforcement learning approaches and outperforms state-of-the-art learning algorithms in terms of sample efficiency. Further, we evaluate our method with people training a mobile robot, demonstrating that a diverse group of people can complete training in only a few minutes and that hypothetical actions not only improve safety, but also slightly decrease the training time and keep it to admissible levels.∗
Built Environments and Implication on Gender Identities in Gede Archaeological Site
Authors: Muthegethi David Maina 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
For decades, the archaeological work of the Swahili Civilization has mainly concentrated on exploring city-state economic and political dynamics. This paper explores how gender roles were formed, maintained, negotiated, and re-negotiated through time and space in Gede City. Unlike other Swahili city-states, Gede was located around two miles away from the shores of the Indian Ocean. Nonetheless, the city was characterized by security walls, stone houses, mosques, and tombs typical of Swahili City states such as Kilwa. The study employed several data collection methods: archival research, a survey, a re-examination of collected materials, and excavation of the Gede archaeological site. Since the study aimed to examine gender roles across different social classes, three areas were excavated based on their spatial distribution. Thus, the areas were roughly categorized as belonging to elite, middle-class, and lower-class structures. These structures were located in the inner, second, and outer walls of Gede City, respectively. Key findings show that gender identities differed considerably along classes in Gede archaeological site. For instance, the women of the elites and middle class were active participants in Gede's international trade through the production and consumption of imported goods. This participation corresponded with the commercialization of Gede households, especially in elite' areas where they hosted international traders. On the other hand, in middle-class houses, women concentrated on running light industries to supply goods to the urban community. Thus, they were able to afford exotic goods like their elite counterparts. Lastly, the gender roles of the lower class entailed subsistence-gendered roles with little participation in Gede formal commerce. Interestingly, gender roles in Gede were dynamic in nature and response to cultural diffusion, the spread of Islam, the intensification of trade, the diversification of subsistence patterns, and urbanization. Therefore, these findings demonstrate the centrality of gender in the reconstruction of the social lives of the Swahili Civilization.
Neonatal hemolytic disease due to anti-A1 accompany fetomaternal transfusion: A case report
Authors: He Yanjing , Wang Qiushi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: A neonatal with severe anemia（HB:48g/L）was detected before blood transfusion. A major crossmatch-incompatible result was found with a AB donor and the further some of random 8 donors. To diagnosis the reason of anemia and the mismatched, a series serological tests were detected.
Case presentation: The AB positive neonatal was born by B positive mother and AB dad. The neonatal DAT was negative, but the elution was positive with A1 cell and negative with A2 cell. In his mother serum, titer 1024 anti-A were checked out in saline tube, after treated by DTT, titer 64 anti-A1 and 2 anti-A were checked out. The neonatal was diagnosis with Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDFN). His mother red cell showed a weak agglutinated with anti-A under microscopy. Then was diagnosis as fetomaternal hemorrhage (FMH) through the Kleihauer-Betke test and flow cytometry. A2B red blood were given combine with phototherapy, the neonatal HB was 108g/L on the day 11 before discharged.
Conclusions: This is a rare case concurrent FMH and HDFN. The massive red cell of fetus entried maternal blood because of FMH, and then AB fetus red blood tiggered the high titer anti-A1 IgG and caused HDFN.
Bargaining Power of African Countries in the World Health Organisation: A Simulated Economic Analysis of its Effectiveness
Authors: Patrick ABADOMA MOUNPOU Iskandar , Donatien EZE EZE 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper proposes levers for improving the bargaining power of African region countries at the World Health Organisation. Using data from World Health Assembly reports, and economics approaches, the paper first calculates the Bargaining Power Index (BPI) of these countries using the Shapley-Shubik method. It also proceeds to a series of simulations by assigning weighting coefficients to each Bargaining Power Index dimension, and finally analyses the correlation among BPI and these dimensions. Results show that (a) African region has the lowest BPI in the organisation regardless of the weight assigned to each dimension thus materializing its obvious inability to maximise the likelihood of asserting its preferences by making its voice heard. However, better prospects are possible when the BPI is disaggregated into its two components: The Economic Power Index and the Decision Power Index, and when the elements of these components are improved.
JEL Code: C18, C71, D7, I1
A New Method for Predicting Hurricane Rapid Intensification Based on Co-occurring Environmental Parameters
Authors: Narayanan Anushka , Balaguru Karthik , Xu Wenwei , Leung L. Ruby 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Tropical cyclones (TCs) that undergo Rapid Intensification (RI) can pose serious socioeconomic threats and can potentially result in major damaging impacts along coastal areas. Considering the complexity of various physical mechanisms that play a role in RI and its relatively low probability of occurrence, predicting RI remains a major operational challenge. In this study, we propose a simple deterministic binary classification model based on the co-occurrence of environmental parameters (MCE) to predict an RI event. More specifically, the model determines the possibility of RI based on a simple count of the number of environmental predictors deemed favorable and unfavorable. We compare our model results to logistic regression (LR) and decision tree (DT) models, well-trained using the same set of environmental predictors. Results reveal that at an RI threshold of 30kt, the MCE exhibits a critical success index (CSI) score of 0.233 which is 14% higher than DT and LR model performances. When tested at multiple RI thresholds, the MCE displays relatively higher skill scores across multiple metrics. By simultaneously evaluating the favorability of predictors, the MCE is able to comparatively reduce the number of false alarms predicted when certain predictors are unfavorable towards RI. Interpreting these model results to gain a physical understanding of how co-occurring environmental parameters can affect RI, we highlight future directions for using models based on the MCE approach to understand and predict TC RI as well as other meteorological extremes.