bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic Review of Clinical Practice Guidelines for Acne Vulgaris Published Between January 2017 and July 2021
Authors: Corcoran Louise , Muller Ingrid , Layton Alison M. , Rucinski Gwennan , Venkatess Viktoria , Sufraz Anicka , Dove Sophie , Lown Mark , Stuart Beth , Francis Nick , Santer Miriam 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Acne is very common, can cause considerable negative impact on quality of life and there is increasing concern over the use of long courses of oral antibiotics for this condition.

Objectives
(1) To critically appraise reporting in acne guidelines and compare this with previous systematic review of acne guidelines. (2) Examine acne treatment guidance on pre-specified acne treatments of interest and compare between acne guidelines.

Methods
Searches for new or updated guidelines were carried out in MEDLINE, Embase, Google Scholar, LILACS from 1 January 2017 to 31 July 2021, supplemented by searching a guideline-specific depository and checking for updates to guidelines included in previous review. We included guidelines, consensus statements or care protocols on the medical treatment of acne vulgaris in adults and/or children and excluded those that focused on a single intervention or subgroup of acne, regional adaptations of guidelines or guidelines included in previous review. AGREE II checklist was applied to critically appraise reporting of guidelines. Results were synthesised narratively.

Results
Of 807 abstracts identified nine guidelines were identified that were eligible for inclusion. All guidelines had AGREE II scores above average in at least one domain and reporting was substantially improved compared to the systematic review of acne carried out 5 years previously. There was consensus between guidelines on the key role of topical treatments as first-line acne treatment and most recommended continuing topical treatments as maintenance therapy. There was considerable variation between guidelines on classification of severity, indications for commencing oral antibiotics and on maximum duration of oral antibiotics. However, there was consensus on the need for co-prescription of a non-antibiotic topical treatment when using oral antibiotics. There were notable differences on recommendations regarding provision of information for patients on how to use topical treatments or how to mitigate against side effects.

Conclusions
Substantial differences in classification of acne severity hampered comparisons between guidelines. Although development and reporting of guidelines has improved over the past 5 years, differences in key recommendations remain, possibly reflecting uncertainties in the underlying evidence base. Differences between guidelines could have substantial implications for prevalence of antibiotic prescribing for acne.
Study of the CO2 Adsorption Performance of a Metal–Organic Frameworks: Applications in Air Conditioning
Authors: Yang Famei , Ma Jinyu , Chen Liu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAir conditioning systems introduce fresh outdoor air mainly to dilute indoor CO2 and meet the high demand for interior environment quality. However, in some cases, introducing fresh outdoor air cannot be done, because of high pollution of the outdoor air or because there is no fresh air. In these cases, limiting CO2 concentration can be done only through adsorption devices. In this study, innovative metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) were employed as adsorbents to handle CO2 independently in air conditioning systems. Three different MOFs, MIL‐101 (Cr), MIL‐101 (Fe), and MIL‐100 (Fe), were compared using a dynamic adsorption experimental device. The dynamic adsorption patterns of CO2 on the three adsorption materials and the corresponding performance index parameters were obtained. According to the experimental findings, when the temperature was raised from 298 K to 313 K, the adsorption breakthrough times for CO2 on the three adsorbent materials decreased from 590 s, 470 s, and 295 s to 305 s, 270 s, and 160 s, respectively. When the relative humidity was 30 % and 60 %, the carbon dioxide removal capacity of MIL‐100(Fe) increased to 1.92 and 1.79 times that under dry conditions.
Metal‐free Organic Dyes Featuring an Azobenzene Bridge for Photochromic Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Simpang Anggia Ismi , Ghifari Alvien , Han Soo‐Young , Hayati Dini , Long Dang Xuan , Jang Yoon Hee , Hong Jongin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe report the facile synthesis of photochromic donor‐π‐acceptor (D‐π‐A) dyes featuring an azobenzene spacer with diphenylamine and dimethylamine as donor residues (DPAC and DMAC). We also investigate the spectroscopic and electrochemical properties of these dyes and their application to dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The trans‐cis isomerization of the azobenzene bridge permits regulation of the photovoltaic behaviour in the DSSCs containing iodine‐ and cobalt‐based redox electrolytes. The iodidie/triiodidie redox shuttle is suitable for DMAC‐DSSCs, whereas the cobalt redox mediator is optimal for DPAC‐DSSCs. DMAC‐ and DPAC‐DSSCs yield power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) up to 1.99 % and 1.08 % under one sun illumination, when the solar cells are at the photostationary (PS) state.
Ultrasonic‐Assisted One‐Pot Batch Simultaneous Synthesis of Two Different Types of Heterocyclic Derivatives and DFT Study
Authors: Pan Xin‐Guang , Chen Dan , Wang Yun , Dou Qi‐Juan , Song Yu‐Jia , Wang Shi‐Fan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA green method called “one‐pot batch synthesis” has been developed for the simultaneous synthesis of two different types of heterocyclic derivatives, oxazolo [3, 2‐c] pyrimidines and hydroxyl ethyl dihydropyrimidones. The reaction was conducted under ultrasonic irradiation in green bio‐based solvent lactic acid without any additional catalysts and additives. From β‐hydroxyethyl urea, acetoacetyl esters/amines and aromatic aldehydes, fifteen oxazolopyrimidine and eleven hydroxyl ethyl dihydropyrimidones were synthesized using the method for the first time. The generation mechanism of two different kinds of products under ultrasonic irradiation from the same reaction conditions was explained by Density Functional Theory. All products were obtained in high yields and characterized by IR, NMR, ESI MS, and X‐ray diffraction.
Solvothermal Treatment of Visible‐Light‐Responsive TiO2 toward Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation Activity of Tetracycline
Authors: Zhang Lixin , Yan Chumin , Dong Xiaoli , Wang Yu , Zheng Nan , Ma Hongchao , Zhang Xiufang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPhotocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants driven by visible‐light is considered as a promising and effective water purification strategy. In this work, solvothermal treatment was carried out on visible‐light‐responsive TiO2 samples in isopropyl alcohol to improve the photocatalytic degradation performance. The effects of solvothermal treatment on the microstructure, band structure, optical properties, photoelectrochemical properties and photocatalytic activity of the obtained TiO2 samples were systematically investigated. The experimental results showed that the photocatalytic degradation performance of the treated TiO2 samples was significantly improved. The TiO2 sample treated for 24 h at 180 °C showed the optimal kinetic constant of photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline, which is 4.7 times that of pristine TiO2. This work provides some insight into the effect of solvothermal treatment on the photocatalytic properties of semiconductor photocatalysts.
Efficient Oxidation of Furfural to Furancarboxylic Acid over CuO‐MnCO3 Catalyst
Authors: Liu Qiang , Sun Yong , Zeng Xianhai , Lin Lu , Tang Xing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIt is of great significance to efficiently produce furancarboxylic acid (FA) by furfural oxidation at room temperature. Here in, based on an available CuO‐MnCO3 bimetallic catalyst, an efficient and sustainable heterogeneous catalyst system in sodium hypochlorite solution was designed to be served for the selective oxidation of furfural to FA. Interestingly, Cu6‐Mn4 showed 100 % furfural conversion and quantitative selectivity to FA (96.9 %). Especially, we demonstrate the CuO exhibited main catalytic performance in this experiment. In particular, the introduction of MnCO3 into Cu‐Mn catalyst resulted in an increase reactivity of the lattice oxygen in the catalyst. More importantly, Cu6‐Mn4 also showed excellent stability in reusability test. This study provides a simple and rapid catalytic strategy and scientific basis for the development of an efficient and mild aerobic oxidation of furfural.
Preparation and Characterization of 5‐Fluorouracil Loaded Cellulose and Exosome Nanocarriers: Sustained Release Behavior and Cytotoxicity Studies**
Authors: Seyedahmadi Mobina , Saeidifar Maryam , Javadpour Jafar , Rezaei Hamid Reza 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn recent years, much effort has been devoted to designing nanoparticle drug delivery systems and improving the efficacy of anticancer drugs. This study focused on the preparation of a novel biocompatible nanocarrier based on bacterial cellulose (BC) in the presence of exosome (Exo) for the controlled release of 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU), known as 5‐FU.Exo@BC. The physicochemical properties of 5‐FU.Exo@BC were thoroughly characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). These results confirmed the successful preparation of 5‐FU.Exo@BC. The release behavior of 5‐FU.Exo@BC compared with 5‐FU and 5‐FU@BC demonstrated a significant sustained release over 162 h. The release mechanism of the above three systems followed Korsmeyer‐Peppas with non‐Fickian diffusion for 5‐FU@BC and 5‐FU.Exo@BC. Furthermore, the viability of HT‐29 cells (human colon cancer cell lines) against BC, 5‐FU@BC and 5‐FU.Exo@BC indicated that 5‐FU has promising efficacy in 5‐FU.Exo@BC system. Subsequently, the prepared bio‐nanocomposite could be suggested as a potential drug delivery system with an effective controlled‐release function.
Pure and Sm doped CeO2 Nanoparticles: An insight into the Room Temperature Ferromagnetism and Photocatalytic Dye Degradation
Authors: Joseph Anit , Ayyappan Aneesh , Subair Thoufeeq , Pandibayal Manikanta , Nair Swapna , Ramany Revathy , Raama Varma Manoj , Thomas Senoy 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCeO2 nanoparticles (7–28 nm) and Sm‐doped (5, 10, 15, and 20 %) CeO2 nanoparticles are synthesized using a simple chemical precipitation technique. The defects are studied using Raman spectroscopy, and the presence of defects as oxygen vacancies is verified using the longitudinal optical mode. The optical band gap is determined using UV‐Vis spectroscopy. The reduction in the optical band gap with increasing particle size might be related to quantum confinement, which causes localized states to form due to oxygen vacancies when Ce4+ is reduced to Ce3+. An increase in band gap is observed with increasing Sm concentration, and the optical band gap is smaller than pure CeO2. The electronic structure is investigated using the X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) method, which studied the contributions of each ionic state, namely Ce3+ and Ce4+. Room temperature ferromagnetism (RTFM) is observed for doped as well as undoped samples. The saturation magnetization for 28 nm pure CeO2 NPs is obtained as Ms=5.6*10−4 emu/g, whereas for Sm‐doped samples, we found an increased value of 3.5*10−2 emu/g. The samples are scrutinized for UV‐irradiated photocatalytic dye degradation. The origin of RTFM behaviour and efficient photocatalytic activity are from oxygen vacancies at the lattice sites.
On Route to Diverse Nitrogen‐Bridged Polyhetero‐cycles with an N(acyl), N(aryl)‐acetal Core
Authors: Morlacci Valerio , Caruso Tonino , Chiarini Marco , Marsicano Vincenzo , Arcadi Antonio , Palombi Laura 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAn expeditious assembling of fused poly‐heterocyclic structures having a N(Acyl), N(aryl)‐Acetal core has been accomplished by cascade reaction of ortho‐functionalized anilines with 2‐formylbenzonitrile and subsequent intramolecular N‐amidic cyclization on different electrophilic carbons. The syntheses have been finalized using both cathodically‐initiated and conventional base‐catalyzed methods and comparing the two approaches in terms of substrate/product scope, efficiency, energy‐saving and sustainability in general.
Hsp70‐Targeting and Size‐Tunable Nanoparticles Combine with PD‐1 Checkpoint Blockade to Treat Glioma
Authors: Xie Rou , Wang Yufan , Tong Fan , Yang Wenqin , Lei Ting , Du Yufan , Wang Xiaorong , Yang Zixiao , Gong Tao , Shevtsov Maxim , Gao Huile 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInvasive glioma usually disrupts the integrity of the blood‐brain barrier (BBB), making the delivery of nanodrugs across the BBB possible, but sufficient targeting ability is still avidly needed to improve drug accumulation in glioma. Membrane‐bound heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is expressed on the membrane of glioma cells rather than adjacent normal cells, therefore it can serve as a specific glioma target. Meanwhile, prolonging the retention in tumors is important for active‐targeting nanoparticles to overcome receptor‐binding barriers. Herein, the Hsp70‐targeting and acid‐triggered self‐assembled gold nanoparticles (D‐A‐DA/TPP) are proposed to realize selective delivery of doxorubicin (DOX) to glioma. In the weakly acidic glioma matrix, D‐A‐DA/TPP formed aggregates to prolong retention, improve receptor‐binding efficiency and facilitate acid‐responsive DOX release. DOX accumulation in glioma induced immunogenic cell death (ICD) to promote antigen presentation. Meanwhile, combination with the PD‐1 checkpoint blockade further activate T cells and provokes robust anti‐tumor immunity. The results showed that D‐A‐DA/TPP can induce more glioma apoptosis. Furthermore, in vivo studies indicated D‐A‐DA/TPP plus PD‐1 checkpoint blockade significantly improved median survival time. This study offeres a potential nanocarrier combining size‐tunable strategy with active targeting ability to increase drug enrichment in glioma and synergizes with PD‐1 checkpoint blockade to achieve chemo‐immunotherapy.
A Porous Perovskite Nanofiber with Reinforced Aerophobicity for High‐Performance Anion Exchange Membrane Water Splitting
Authors: Li Lu , Zheng Zhilin , Li Jiaxing , Mu Yongbiao , Wang Yameng , Huang Zebing , Xiao Yiping , Huang Haitao , Wang Shuai , Chen Gao , Zeng Lin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPerovskite oxides stand out as emerging oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts on account of their effective electrocatalytic performance and low costs. Nevertheless, perovskite oxides suffer from severe bubble overpotential and inhibited electrochemical performance in large current densities due to their small specific surface areas and structural compactness. Herein, the study highlights the electrospun nickel‐substituted La0.5Sr0.5FeO3‐δ (LSF) porous perovskite nanofibers, that is, La0.5Sr0.5Fe1‐xNixO3‐δ (denoted as ES‐LSFN‐x, x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5), as high‐performance OER electrocatalysts. The most effective La0.5Sr0.5Fe0.5Ni0.5O3‐δ (ES‐LSFN‐0.5) nanofibers suggest a larger specific surface area, higher porosity, and faster mass transfer than the counterpart sample prepared by conventional sol–gel method (SG‐LSFN‐0.5), showing notably increased geometric and intrinsic activities. The bubble visualization results demonstrate that the enriched and nano‐sized porosity of ES‐LSFN‐0.5 enables reinforced aerophobicity and rapid detachment of oxygen bubbles, thereby reducing the bubble overpotential and enhancing the electrochemical performance. As a result, the ES‐LSFN‐0.5‐based anion exchange membrane water electrolysis delivers a superior stability of 100 h while the SG‐LSFN‐0.5 counterpart degrades rapidly within 20 h under a current density of 100 mA cm−2. The results highlight the advantage of porous electrocatalysts in optimizing the performance of large current density water electrolysis devices by reducing the bubble overpotential.
A 3‐Fluoropyridine Manipulating the Aggregation and Fibril Network of Donor Polymers for Eco‐Friendly Solution‐Processed Versatile Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Jeon Sung Jae , Yang Nam Gyu , Kim Ji Youn , Kim Ye Chan , Lee Hyoung Seok , Moon Doo Kyung 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe development of eco‐friendly solvent‐processed organic solar cells (OSCs) suitable for industrial‐scale production should be now considered the imperative research. Herein, asymmetric 3‐fluoropyridine (FPy) unit is used to control the aggregation and fibril network of polymer blends. Notably, terpolymer PM6(FPy = 0.2) incorporating 20% FPy in a well‐known donor polymer poly[(2,6‐(4,8‐bis(5‐(2‐ethylhexyl‐3‐fluoro)thiophen‐2‐yl)‐benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b’]dithiophene))‐alt‐(5,5‐(1’,3’‐di‐2‐thienyl‐5’,7’‐bis(2‐ethylhexyl)benzo[1’,2’‐c:4’,5’‐c’]dithiophene‐4,8‐dione)] (PM6) can reduce the regioregularity of the polymer backbone and endow them with much‐enhanced solubility in eco‐friendly solvents. Accordingly, the excellent adaptability for fabricating versatile devices based on PM6(FPy = 0.2) by toluene processing is demonstrated. The resulting OSCs exhibit a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 16.1% (17.0% by processed with chloroform) and low batch‐to‐batch variation. Moreover, by controlling the donor‐to‐acceptor weight ratio at 0.5:1.0 and 0.25:1.0, semi‐transparent OSCs (ST‐OSCs) yield significant light utilization efficiencies of 3.61% and 3.67%, respectively. For large‐area (1.0 cm2) indoor OSC (I‐OSC), a high PCE of 20.6% is achieved with an appropriate energy loss of 0.61 eV under a warm white light‐emitting diode (3,000 K) with the illumination of 958 lux. Finally, the long‐term stability of the devices is evaluated by investigating their structure–performance–stability relationship. This work provides an effective approach to realizing eco‐friendly, efficient, and stable OSCs/ST‐OSCs/I‐OSCs.
Finite element modeling of reinforced concrete beams posttensioned with supplemental unbonded near surface mounted nickel‐titanium‐niobium shape memory alloy wire reinforcement
Authors: Sinha Arkabrata , Tatar Jovan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA novel posttensioning technique using nickel‐titanium‐niobium (NiTiNb) shape memory alloy (SMA) wires for the repair of reinforced concrete beams was evaluated numerically. A finite element model of a reinforced concrete beam was developed within a damage mechanics framework to simulate concrete cracking and subsequent posttensioning. The predicted yield and ultimate moment capacities of the simulated posttensioned beams were up to 14% less than the corresponding experimental results. Cumulative discrepancies in the assumed material models led to the conservative model results. The effects of concrete tensile damage, SMA reinforcement ratio, SMA‐concrete interaction (bonded vs. unbonded), and the effective prestress on the service and ultimate behavior of the posttensioned beam were evaluated. Partial loss of prestress in the SMA due to elastic shortening of the concrete was insignificant (<3%) because of the relatively low elastic modulus of the SMA. Increasing the SMA reinforcement ratio by three times increased the yield moment of the posttensioned beam by 99%. Reducing the effective SMA prestress to 80% of the initial prestress to account for the possible losses resulted in a decrease in the yield moment by up to 7.8%.
Identifying the critical skillset of top crime scene examiners: Why this matters and why agencies should develop top performers
Authors: Kelty Sally F. , Ribaux Olivier , Robertson James 
Published: May 2023

AbstractProcessing a crime scene is complex. When scenes are processed well, higher quality specimens can be detected and collected. Inadequately managed scenes increase risk of ineffective investigations and poorer justice outcomes. Government reports from around the world have stated that some crime scene examiners outperform their peers. If processing a crime scene is vital for optimal outcomes, then who should we employ, and train, for this complex and challenging role? What skills do they need? In 2010, the seminal work into the technical and non‐technical skills of top crime scene examiners commenced in Australia. This team used empirical techniques from occupational psychology and business management to identify a cluster of 7 key cognitive, social, leadership skills, and technical/scientific knowledge to develop a profile of top crime scene performers. This work was published in a series of papers between 2012 and 2017. In 2023, the original work was combined with current international empirical findings to build a robust, comprehensive, and more generalizable picture of the holistic skillset of top crime scene examiners. The rationale for developing a skillset is to assist forensic agencies to create targeted recruitment procedures and inform the content of early career training programs for their crime scene teams. With recruitment and training done well, organizations are better placed to attract, develop, and retain personnel with potential to excel in complex roles. When top examiners attend scenes, it is possible the risk of poorer justice outcomes arising from crime scene work could be reduced.This article is categorized under:
Forensic Science in Action/Crime Scene Investigation > Crime Scene Examination
Forensic Science in Action/Crime Scene Investigation > Education and Formation
Forensic Science in Action/Crime Scene Investigation > From Traces to Intelligence and Evidence
Critical Habitats and Biodiversity: Inventory, Thresholds and Governance
Authors: Rogers Alex D. , Aburto-Oropeza Octavio , Appeltans Ward , Assis Jorge , Ballance Lisa T. , Cury Philippe , Duarte Carlos , Favoretto Fabio , Kumagai Joy , Lovelock Catherine , Miloslavich Patricia , Niamir Aidin , Obura David , O’Leary Bethan C. , Reygondeau Gabriel , Roberts Callum , Sadovy Yvonne , Sutton Tracey , Tittensor Derek , Velarde Enriqueta 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMarine habitats are extremely valuable in many ways (e.g., economically, culturally or for subsistence) and provide many necessary services for humans (Costanza et al. 1997, 2014). Despite their importance, coastal and oceanic habitats are increasingly threatened by fishing, climate change, oil and gas exploration, pollution and coastal development (Jackson et al. 2001; Halpern et al. 2008, 2019; Heery et al. 2017; Harris 2020). Habitat degradation and loss from these threats are not uniformly distributed and are cumulative with poorly understood interactions between pressures (Halpern et al. 2008). Despite the enormous impacts humans have had on marine ecosystems in the global ocean over the past 50 years, they tend to appear not as the complete extinction of individual species (Dulvy et al. 2003) but rather as changes in ecosystem composition and in the relative abundance and ecological status of individual species, along with more regional or local extirpations (Worm and Tittensor 2011). A species need not become globally extinct to radically alter the composition of the ecosystem (‘ecological extinction’), disappear from the local environment (‘local extinction’) or become commercially non-viable (‘commercial extinction’). Biodiversity loss is a globally significant symptom of unsustainable exploitation of Earth’s natural environment and a major threat to the ecosystem services on which we, and future generations, depend.