bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intramedullary Nailing Versus Plating Techniques in Femoral Fractures in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Alaraj Wasayef , Algawiz Areej , Shubbar Eman Sayed Naser , Aleid Zainab Mohammed , Aldanyowi Saud Nayef Salem , Albehaidel Shuruq , Alkhars Ola 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
The goal of the current study was to compare the usage of plating methods and intramedullary nailing (IMN) in children with femur fractures by doing a meta-analysis of the literature and conducting a systematic review of the literature.

Methods:
By adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we conducted our systematic review and meta-analysis. Our search strategy was established based on the following primary keywords: ‘Intramedullary,’ ‘Nailing,’ ‘Plate,’ ‘Femur’ and ‘Fracture.’ We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Scopus databases for relevant publications.

Results:
Regarding blood loss, IMN was associated with a lower amount of blood loss compared to plating techniques with the mean difference (MD) of − 57.27 (95% confidence interval [CI]: −68.09, −46.45, P < 0.00001). IMN was also associated with shorter operation time compared to plating techniques with an overall MD of − 25.16 (95% CI: −4.27, −6.04, P = 0.01). Moreover, IMN was statistically significant associated with lower hospitalisation with MD of − 0.82 (95% CI: −1.49, −0.15, P = 0.02). However, no significant difference was observed between both techniques regarding healing time with an MD of 0.04 (−0.38, 0.47, P = 0.84). IMN was associated with a higher incidence of complications compared to plating techniques with an odds ratio (OR) of 3.88 (95% CI: 1.75, 8.58, P = 0.0008). No significant difference was observed between both groups regarding the functional outcomes of the two surgeries with an OR of 1.04 (95% CI: 0.47, 2.3, P = 0.91).

Conclusion:
According to the current study, IMN is linked to less blood loss, a quicker recovery period following surgery and less hospitalisation than plating procedures in children with femur fractures. In contrast to IMN, plating procedures were statistically significantly linked to a decreased incidence of problems. Furthermore, they were similar in terms of the surgical results.
Comparative Efficacy of Risperidone versus Placebo in the Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Alsayel Lama Theban , Alshahrani Rahaf Aedh , Binobaiad Yazid Mohammed Ahmed , Alzidani Raghad Ibrahim , Al-Sulami Hisham , Alkhalifah Ekram Sami , Al-Huwaiji Ali Yousef , Alshami Jehan Mohammed , Almatrafi Abdullah Saleh , Qrmli Abdulaziz Abdulrahman 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
This study undertakes a systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of risperidone versus placebo in managing autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The goal is to gather and analyse strong evidence on how risperidone affects symptoms and overall outcomes in individuals with ASD, as compared to those receiving a placebo. The meta-analysis aims to provide a thorough assessment of risperidone’s potential benefits and limitations, thereby guiding evidence-based practices and therapeutic decisions in clinical settings.

Materials and Methods:
This review examined peer-reviewed RCTs in English that evaluated the efficacy of risperidone versus placebo for treating ASD in children aged 2–18 years. It included studies from the introduction of risperidone for ASD treatment to the present while excluding non-English publications, animal studies and non-RCT designs. Data extraction and quality assessment were rigorously performed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Statistical analyses were conducted using R software, including mean differences with 95% confidence intervals and assessments of heterogeneity and publication bias. This systematic approach aimed to deliver reliable insights into the effectiveness and safety of risperidone for ASD treatment.

Results:
The meta-analysis of risperidone versus placebo for both Aberrant Behaviour Checklist-irritability (ABC-I) and ABC-withdrawal scores shows significant results. For ABC-I, the P = 0.0103, indicating a substantial reduction in irritability with risperidone. For ABC-withdrawal scores, the P = 0.0017, demonstrating a significant improvement in withdrawal symptoms with risperidone compared to placebo. These results underline the effectiveness of risperidone in managing these symptoms in ASD.

Conclusion:
The meta-analyses strongly support the effectiveness of risperidone in alleviating symptoms of ASD, especially irritability and withdrawal behaviours. The notable decreases in both ABC-I and ABC-withdrawal scores underscore risperidone’s advantages over placebo. Nevertheless, the studies also show variations in bias risk and moderate heterogeneity in the results.
Closed-loop Versus Sensor Pumps Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Alamoudi Hamza Ahmad , Alzaydani Ahmed Ibrahim , Alghamdi Hind A. , Alqahtani Nouf Abdulrahman , Alshuhayeb Ahmed Abdullah , Almutairi Rakan Saleh , Alhodibi Mostafa Habeeb 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
The emergence of advanced technologies such as closed-loop systems (CLSs) and sensor-augmented pump (SAP) therapy has revolutionised type 1 diabetes (T1DM) management. To optimise patient care, a clear understanding of their relative effectiveness is crucial. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating existing literature to compare the effectiveness of CLS versus SAP therapy.

Methods:
We performed a comprehensive search across major databases, including Cochrane CENTRAL, Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed following preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines, and identified relevant randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Studies comparing CLS therapy with SAP therapy in individuals with type 1 diabetes were included for analysis. We then extracted data from the selected studies, assessed their quality using the Cochrane risk of bias tool, and conducted a meta-analysis to quantitatively synthesize the findings.

Results:
A meta-analysis of 17 RCTs encompassing a total of 858 patients (CLS = 465, SAP = 393) showed that CLSs significantly improved glucose levels in T1DM compared to SAPs, with an average difference of − 0.37 (95% confidence interval [−0.51, −0.24], P < 0.00001), highlighting the potential benefits of CLS therapy.

Conclusion:
This analysis of multiple studies suggests that CLSs are more effective than SAP therapy for managing type 1 diabetes, as CLS users showed better blood sugar control.
Multimodal artificial intelligence system for detecting a small esophageal high-grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia: A case report
Authors: Zhou Yang , Liu Rui-De , Gong Hui , Yuan Xiang-Lei , Hu Bing , Huang Zhi-Yin 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND
Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have significantly enhanced the capabilities of endoscopic-assisted diagnosis for gastrointestinal diseases. AI has shown great promise in clinical practice, particularly for diagnostic support, offering real-time insights into complex conditions such as esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
CASE SUMMARY
In this study, we introduce a multimodal AI system that successfully identified and delineated a small and flat carcinoma during esophagogastroduodenoscopy, highlighting its potential for early detection of malignancies. The lesion was confirmed as high-grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia, with pathology results supporting the AI system’s accuracy. The multimodal AI system offers an integrated solution that provides real-time, accurate diagnostic information directly within the endoscopic device interface, allowing for single-monitor use without disrupting endoscopist’s workflow.
CONCLUSION
This work underscores the transformative potential of AI to enhance endoscopic diagnosis by enabling earlier, more accurate interventions.
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for patients aged ninety and older with choledocholithiasis: A single-center experience in south China
Authors: Wang Lei , Li Zi-Ye , Wu Fan , Tan Guo-Qian , Wang Bai-Lin 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) serves an essential role in treating biliary diseases, especially in choledocholithiasis. However, due to the limited human lifespan, there remains a paucity of clinical investigations on ERCP treatment in patients over 90 years old.
AIM
To explore the effectiveness and safety of ERCP in super-older patients aged ≥ 90 years with choledochal stones.
METHODS
This study retrospectively analyzed data from patients (aged ≥ 65 years) with choledocholithiasis who received ERCP treatment in our hospital from 2011 to 2023. Among them, patients ≥ 90 years old were in the super-older group, and patients aged 65-89 years were in the older group. Baseline data, including gender, number of stones, stone size, gallbladder stones, periampullary diverticulum, and common bile duct intubation of patients in the two groups, were matched by adopting the 1:1 propensity score matching method.
RESULTS
After matching, 44 patients were included in both the super-older group and the older group. The incidence of stroke in the super-older group was markedly higher than that in the older group [34.1% (15/44) vs 6.8% (3/44), P = 0.008]. The success rate of the ERCP procedure in the super-older group was 90.9% (40/44), compared to that in the older group [93.2% (41/44), P = 1.000]. Although endoscopic papillary balloon dilation was more frequently used in the super-older group than in the older group [61.4% (27/44) vs 18.2% (8/44), P < 0.001], there was no significant difference in terms of stone removal rate, the incidence of complications, mortality, recurrence, and length of hospitalization between the two groups (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
ERCP is safe and effective in super-older patients ≥ 90 years old with choledocholithiasis.
Imaging features associated with the susceptibility to brain fog: a major secondary complication observed in patients with ischemic stroke
Authors: Paulinus S. O. , Akpan N. U. , Archibong B. E. , Ijever A. W. , Akintomide A. O. , Igiri A. O. 
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION: Stroke is associated with an increased risk of brain fog with a variable impact on cognition. While some stroke survivors show a decline in cognitive functions, others have stable cognitions or revert to baseline cognitive functioning. Understanding the phenomenon of brain fog following stroke is necessary for prompt intervention and management as it is unclear whether Computed Tomography (CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) features of the brain in patients with ischemic stroke are associated with future risk of secondary complications, hence, the rationale for the study. The purpose was to assess the imaging features associated with susceptibility to brain fog.
METHODS: The study assessed anonymous images of 340 subjects aged 15 to 75 years with suspected stroke, referred for either brain CT or MRI in selected tertiary healthcare facilities/ radio-diagnostic centres in Nigeria. A retrospective descriptive research design was adopted. White matter changes and regions of infarct, including lobar atrophy, were imaging features noted in patients confirmed with ischemic stroke. Analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), Inc. Chicago, IL, USA, version 25.0.
RESULTS: White matter changes occurred most (39.06%), followed by cerebral ischemia (21.48%) and lobar atrophy (19.14%). Also, two-thirds (79.69%) of the patients presented with ischemic stroke may be vulnerable to developing secondary complications of the disease (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: The imaging features noted in the present study may contribute significantly to brain fog development, a major secondary complication
Xenochronic Encounters at the Africa Open Improvising Collective
Authors: Pauw Esther Marie , Erasmus Garth 
Published: January 2025

Africa Open Institute’s improvising collective, established in 2020, meets regularly to explore facets of free improvising and publishes online on Soundcloud and the Internet Archive. This article sketches some of the reverberations that ensued from encounters between this collective and a similar collective in London (AMM All-Stars). Xenochronic practices are briefly described, and noted as they unfolded in 2023 (from these collectives’ connections). Xenochrony, from ‘strange overlayering’ of tracks, to overlayering of bizarre memories, is extended to consider South Africa’s ‘strange times’ of local ignorance towards improvisatory practitioners classified by monikers of ‘race’ and which music was ‘of worth’. The article unfolds as layered recounting against horizons of international platforms of questionable fame for local musicians – where author Erasmus reflects on his encounters with Derek Bailey in the 1980s, to find knowledges that surfaced in 2023 – things he had not been informed of until Ben Watson and Erasmus met online and spoke to one another for the first time. The article uses the concept of xenochrony (Zappa/Watson) as entry, then proceeds to enact xenochrony – as a layering of online audio tracks with recent and past memories – thereby considering music outputs as process (Redhead and Hawes 2016). Practice-based research methods of self-reflexivity (Sullivan 2010) and aspects of ‘making’ (Ingold) expose multilayered methodologies, whilst probing an objective of finding suitable terminology such as ‘social experimental audio’ to aptly describe contemporary sound art ‘audiospheres’ (López 2020) of the improvising collective.
Community Music Education for Black Africans during Apartheid and in Post-Apartheid South Africa
Authors: Mulungo Bernett Nkwayi 
Published: January 2025

There are many community music projects in South African townships and their courses range from music theory, aural, practical individual and ensemble lessons on orchestral instruments and recorders – these instruments being primarily ‘Western’. Despite the relative successes of community music projects – indeed one of the few in the realm of arts in post-apartheid South Africa – what remains troubling is the dominance of Western thought and modes of teaching music that maintain the idea of music study as alien in black communities. This speaks to a significant theme, namely: Arts education for community development, which is my area of interest. These community music projects are primarily timely platforms to firmly entrench appreciation, understanding and most undoubtedly the value(s) of the arts to the black African youth. Drawing on my experience as a lecturer in (and graduate from) a South African tertiary institution, and as a teacher in a community music project, this research will interrogate the content of the programme(s): from the theoretical material taught in music theory classes, to the practical repertoire taught and/or performed. The focal point of this research is on how this content informs or speaks to its intended “beneficiaries” – the black African youth. Through these and other considerations, the paper aims to sketch the potentially radical consequences that a transformed music education at community and earlier levels will have for higher education music studies in South Africa.
The Merging of Stasis and Forward Movement in <i>Marimba </i>for Solo Flute by Hendrik Hofmeyr
Authors: Spies Bertha 
Published: January 2025

Hendrik Hofmeyr’s Marimba for solo flute demonstrates various kinds of growth that generate a musical force that drives the work towards its conclusion. This article focuses on a kind of musical force that originates in the initial contrast between stasis and forward movement followed by the systematic merging of the two agents in the course of the work to eventually arrive at its final climax. Although the two sections that represent stasis and forward movement are based on the same pitch material, the contrast manifests as the result of the diverse ways in which pitch is ordered in time and the resulting melodic patterns articulated when performed according to the composer’s directions. In the work as a whole the musical force is created by the way in which pitch, shape of melodic motifs, register, horizontal density, tempo, metre, dynamics, articulation, performance directives provided, ornamentation, and length of sections are dealt with in an artistic manner. In the course of the four alternating stasis and Danzante sections, two- and three-note melodic patterns from motivic material are used in an artistic manner as the music unfolds in time. Through the implementation of various compositional strategies, the original contrasting patterns of the stasis and the Danzante sections eventually merge in the final climax of the last eight bars
Waste Management Utilization Practices in Selected Barangay of District 6 Zone 64 City of Manila, Philippines
Authors: Manalad Cynthia A. , Buenaseda Annalyn Y. , Gomez Ma. Lourdes H. 
Published: January 2025

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of current waste management strategies in selected barangays of District 6, Zone 64, City of Manila. Additionally, it seeks to identify areas for improvement to promote sustainable waste management practices.

Methods: The research employed surveys, interviews, and direct observation to collect data on waste disposal and recycling practices. These methods provided insights into the current state of waste management in the selected barangays.

Results: The findings reveal a significant reliance on traditional waste disposal methods, with limited adoption of recycling and composting programs. This highlights the gap in implementing sustainable waste management practices in the community.

Conclusion: The study underscores the need for enhanced community education and infrastructure development to support sustainable waste management. It recommends promoting the 3Rs (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle), organizing in-service training and seminar workshops, conducting public awareness campaigns, investing in advanced recycling technologies, strengthening waste management regulations, and supporting community-based initiatives. These measures are essential for achieving sustainable urban waste management in the City of Manila.
Integrating Climate Transition Risks into Moroccan Equity Portfolios: a Path Towards SDGs
Authors: Rabhi Azar-Ibrahim , Chiadmi Mohammed Salah , Aboulaich Rajae 
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study examines the integration of climate transition risks into the management of Moroccan equity portfolios, aligning investment strategies with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It aims to explore approaches that balance sustainability objectives and financial performance while addressing the unique challenges of emerging markets.

Theoretical Framework: The research builds on portfolio optimization theories and sustainable finance principles, incorporating climate risk management within the context of the SDGs. A multi-objective evolutionary optimization framework is employed to analyze the trade-offs between carbon intensity (CI) reduction, Tracking Error (TE), and market performance.

Method: The study evaluates two strategies: a passive approach aimed at minimizing TE and CI, and an active approach focusing on outperforming the market while prioritizing companies prepared for the energy transition. The analysis highlights data limitations and proposes actionable steps to integrate climate risks into decision-making.

Results and Discussion: Findings indicate that a CI reduction exceeding 30% can be achieved with a TE below 0.2%, allowing investors to meet sustainability targets without significant market deviation. The active strategy demonstrates potential for long-term resilience and alignment with SDG objectives, particularly in fostering low-carbon investment opportunities.

Research Implications: This study provides practical insights for institutional investors in emerging markets, emphasizing the importance of flexible, data-driven techniques to address climate transition risks. It underscores the need for robust tools and data improvements to support sustainable finance and the achievement of SDGs in Morocco.

Originality/Value: This research is among the first to focus on quantifying and integrating climate transition risks into Moroccan equity portfolios. Its innovative use of multi-objective optimization and emphasis on SDGs provide a novel framework for sustainable investment strategies in emerging markets.
Naturalisme et normativité naturelle
Authors: Tétaz Jean-Marc 
Published: January 2025

L’article s’interroge sur le statut de l’éthique de Schleiermacher. Après avoir rappelé que les énoncés éthiques avaient pour Schleiermacher forme descriptive (et pas prescriptive ou prudentielle), il montre que la conception éthique de Schleiermacher est une forme de naturalisme dont le paradigme est fourni par la chimie (dans sa conception romantique). En partant de la façon dont Schleiermacher détermine le rapport entre loi naturelle et loi morale et récuse la dichotomie kantienne en ces matières, l’article propose ensuite de reconstruire le sens de la conception schleiermacherienne de la loi morale à l’aide de la conception du bien exposée par Philippa Foot dans Le Bien naturel (2001), et plus spécialement de son analyse des « catégoriques aristotéliciens » (Aristotelian categoricals). Il conclut qu’on doit comprendre la position éthique fondamentale de Schleiermacher comme une forme de naturalisme normatif.
Prediction of the Number of Patient Visits in a Psychiatric Hospital Prof. Dr. M. Ildrem Using Naive Bayesian Algorithm
Authors: Syahputra Zidhane , Kurniawan Rakhmat 
Published: January 2025

This study was conducted to predict the number of patient visits at Prof. Dr. M. Ildrem Mental Hospital using the Naive Bayes algorithm, which is relevant given the increasing need for global mental health care. The main problem of this study is the difficulty in managing hospital resources efficiently due to unpredictable fluctuations in the number of patient visits. The research aims to apply the Naive Bayes algorithm to predict the number of patient visits and evaluate their performance. The method used is a naïve Bayes algorithm with systematic steps including historical data collection, data preprocessing using LabelEncoder, and dividing the dataset into training data and test data (80:20) where the training data totals 1331 data and the test data has 333 data. The Naive Bayes model is built and tested with metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The results of the study based on confusion matrix analysis, the model achieved an accuracy of 0.8108108108108109 or 81%, a precision of 0.8206686930091185 or 82.07%, a recall value of 0.9926470588235294 or 99.26%, and an F1-score of 0.90 or 90%, which shows that this model is quite effective in predicting service units with the dominance of adolescent category patient data where it is concluded that this prediction model is able to provide accurate estimates of patient visits, supporting the management of hospital resources, and improving the operational efficiency of mental health services. This research is expected to help hospitals in planning facilities and workforce more effectively.
modificación de la clase en el Contrato Estatal
Authors: Alvarado Stapf Amílcar David 
Published: January 2025

La restricción sobre la modificación de la clase y el objeto del contrato público es la primera regla que rige sobre las modificaciones y adiciones al contrato con base en el interés público, cuya finalidad es que no se alteren, distorsionen, eludan o se trasgredan los fines de la contratación pública, su naturaleza y condiciones convenidas en el contrato original.
Conjurar esta magna tarea, nos coloca en la privilegiada posición de desentrañar a qué se refiere la ley con la clase de un contrato, elemento que surge como una condición indispensable para valorar si la modificación al contrato trastoca o varía su clase y, en ese efecto de gravedad, también su objeto.