bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An integrated newborn care kit (iNCK) to save newborn lives and improve health outcomes in Gilgit Baltistan (GB), Pakistan: study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Fadaleh Sarah Abu , Pell Lisa G. , Yasin Muhammad , Farrar Daniel S. , Khan Sher Hafiz , Tanner Zachary , Paracha Shariq , Madhani Falak , Bassani Diego G. , Ahmed Imran , Soofi Sajid B. , Taljaard Monica , Spitzer Rachel F. , Bhutta Zulfiqar A. , Morris Shaun K. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Ongoing high neonatal mortality rates (NMRs) represent a global challenge. In 2021, of the 5 million deaths reported worldwide for children under five years of age, 47% were newborns. Pakistan has one of the five highest national NMRs in the world, with an estimated 39 neonatal deaths per 1,000 live births. Reducing newborn deaths requires sustainable, evidence-based, and cost-effective interventions that can be integrated within existing community healthcare infrastructure across regions with high NMR.
Methods
This pragmatic, community-based, parallel-arm, open-label, cluster randomized controlled trial aims to estimate the effect of Lady Health Workers (LHWs) providing an integrated newborn care kit (iNCK) with educational instructions to pregnant women in their third trimester, compared to the local standard of care in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan, on neonatal mortality and other newborn and maternal health outcomes. The iNCK contains a clean birth kit, 4% chlorhexidine topical gel, sunflower oil emollient, a ThermoSpot™ temperature monitoring sticker, a fleece blanket, a click-to-heat reusable warmer, three 200 µg misoprostol tablets, and a pictorial instruction guide and diary. LHWs are also provided with a handheld scale to weigh the newborn. The primary study outcome is neonatal mortality, defined as a newborn death in the first 28 days of life.
Discussion
This study will generate policy-relevant knowledge on the effectiveness of integrating evidence-based maternal and newborn interventions and delivering them directly to pregnant women via existing community health infrastructure, for reducing neonatal mortality and morbidity, in a remote, mountainous area with a high NMR.
ANN-aided optimization study on thermal performance and energy consumption of an industrial shell-and-tube heat exchanger system
Authors: Gungor Sahin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Global energy agencies and commissions report a sharp increase in the energy demand based on commercial, industrial, and residential activities. At this point, we need energy-efficient and high performance systems to maintain a sustainable environment. More than 30% of the generated electricity has been consumed by HVAC-R units, and heat exchangers are the main components affecting the overall performance. This study couples the experimental measurements, numerical investigations, and ANN-aided optimization studies to determine the optimal operating conditions of an industrial shell and tube heat exchanger system. The cold/hot stream temperature level is varied between 10 ⁰C and 50 ⁰C during the experiments and numerical investigations. Furthermore, the flow rates are altered in a range of 50–500 L/h to investigate the thermal and hydraulic performance under laminar and turbulent regime conditions. The experimental and numerical results indicate that U-tube bundles dominantly affect (\(\stackrel{-}{{\Delta }\text{P}}\)c ≈ 10×\(\stackrel{-}{{\Delta }\text{P}}\)h) the total pumping power need, while the impact of temperature levels are almost negligible. Once the required data sets are gathered via the experiments and numerical investigations, ANN-aided stochastic optimization algorithms detected the C10H50 scenario as the optimal operating case when the cold and hot stream flow rates are at 100 L/h and 500 L/h, respectively.
Front-line Chemo-immunotherapy with Nivolumab and Dose-Adjusted (DA) EPOCH in Peripheral T-cell Lymphoma: A Phase I Trial
Authors: Haverkos Bradley , Zain Jasmine , Kamdar Manali , Neuwelt Alexander , Davila Eduardo , Bradeen Xander , Bair Steven , Jasem Jagar , Smith Clayton , Abbott Diana , Porcu Pierluigi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Introduction:Dose-adjusted (DA)-EPOCH (etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide) is a frequently used first line chemotherapy regimen for peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs), but relapses are common and long-term outcomes are poor. Checkpoint blockade (CPB) immunotherapy has shown modest single agent efficacy in relapsed PTCLs. In other hematologic malignancies the combination of CPB and cytotoxic chemotherapy is promising.Methods:We conducted a Phase I trial to assess safety, spectrum of immune-related toxicity, and efficacy of nivolumab (Nivo) in combination with DA-EPOCH as front-line therapy for PTCLs. Patients received Nivo (360 mg) followed by DA-EPOCH every 21 days for six cycles. Patients were allowed to receive one cycle of standard-of-care chemotherapy prior to enrollment.Results:18 patients were enrolled: 7 PTCL-not otherwise specified (NOS), 6 nodal T-cell lymphomas with a T-follicular helper phenotype, 2 primary cutaneous gamma/delta T-cell lymphoma, 2 ALK negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma, and 1 subcutaneous panniculitis like T-cell lymphoma. Fifteen had an intermediate or high-risk International Prognostic Index. Immune related (ir) adverse events (AEs) of all grades occurred in 14 and 7 patients experienced≥grade 3 irAEs. Eight patients required discontinuation of Nivo due to irAEs. Of the 6 patients who received a cycle of anthracycline-based combination chemotherapy prior to enrollment, none experienced an irAE resulting in Nivo dose hold or discontinuation, compared to 8 of 12 patients whose first cycle was Nivo+DA-EPOCH. There were no hyperprogression events. Interim and end of therapy overall response rates were 94% and 89%, respectively (11 complete responses, 5 partial responses, and 2 progressive diseases). With a median follow up of 707 days, median progression free and overall survival is 434 and 714 days, respectively.Conclusions:Front-line Nivo + DA-EPOCH showed good feasibility and acceptable safety when Nivo was started after chemotherapy but was associated with frequent dose-limiting irAEs when administered synchronously. Efficacy was encouraging with lengthy responses in very high risk PTCL subtypes. Further investigation of front-line line CPB-chemotherapy combinations in PTCL is warranted using a sequential approach. The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT 03586999.
Field life tables and key mortality factors of Pieris brassicae (Linnaeus) infesting cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis)
Authors: SHIKHA DEEP , CHANDI RAVINDER SINGH , KATARIA SANJEEV KUMAR , Sidhu Jaspreet 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
To investigate the key mortality factors of Pieris brassicae (Linnaeus) on cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis), a field study was conducted on the field life table during 2021-22 at the research farm of the Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. Among biotic factors, Cotesia glomerata, Beauveria bassiana (Bals.), NPV, Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) were the main causes of mortality. Other unknown factors (temperature, rainfall, relative humidity, etc.) also contrived slight decline to all the immature stages of P. brassicae. Results revealed that the egg stage was affected due to unknown factors, whereas early larval instar stage (I-III) was the most sensitive followed by the late larval instar stage and pupal stage. The trend index was positive during both seasons 16.91 (main season), and 19.17 (late season), indicating that population of P. brassicae increases in the following season. Similar trend was observed in generation survival i.e., 0.39 (main season) and 0.32 (late season). In this study, a range of biotic factors was identified which could help to manage the pest at its early stages and the potential to be used as an integral component of integrated pest management of P. brassicae in cauliflower.
Method to establish intense rainfall equations based in geoprocessing
Authors: Almeida Laura Thebit , Cecílio Roberto Avelino , Pruski Fernando Falco , Santos Gerson Rodrigues , Abreu Marcel Carvalho 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The knowledge of heavy rainfall is essential for watershed management and hydraulic structures design. Heavy rainfall is characterized by an equation derived from sub-daily rainfall series that relates the rainfall’s intensity, duration, and frequency (IDF equation). This paper proposes a geoprocessing model to obtain the parameters for the IDF equations for places without rainfall data. IDF equations, from the literature, were used to obtain maximum rainfall intensity (im) for 96 combinations of durations and return periods. These im’s were spatially interpolated and the IDF parameters were established to each pixel through non-linear multiple regression. The performance of three different interpolators (Inverse Distance Weighting, Kriging, and Random Forest) were evaluated. The analysis showed that spatialization by inverse distance weighting had the best performance to establish IDF equations (3% of mean absolute percentage error), followed by Random Forest (8%) and Kriging (16%).
Deciphering Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors from Aframemum melegueta: Computational Models against Erectile dysfunction
Authors: Omoboyowa Damilola Alex 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Insufficient and inability to maintain erection in male for satisfactory sexual performance remains global challenge among couples. The identification of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) antagonist in the pathogenesis of erectile dysfunction has improved the search for therapeutic agents for the management of this sexual dysfunction. Here in, bioactive compounds from Aframomum melegueta were virtually screened against PDE-5 using Schrodinger suite 2017-1 as computational tool. The lead compound was further validated in comparison with Viagra by performing 100 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulation using Desmond. Among 109 bioactive compounds screened, nine (9) molecules were predicted as potent inhibitors of PDE-5 with binding affinities comparable to the co-crystalized ligand (sildenafil). 1,7-bis(3,4-dihyroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)heptane-3,5-diyldiacetate was observed to have the best docking score (-11.522 kcal/mol) among the hit compounds which is very close to the co-crystalized ligand (-11.872 kcal/mol). Validation using pharmacophore hypothesis and QSAR modeling further confirmed the prediction of the hit compounds with fitness score ranging from 0.754 to 2.605 and predicted pIC50 of 3.835 to 7.976 µM. All the hit compounds obeyed Lipinski’s rule of five and within the reference range of the pharmacokinetics parameters. The MD simulation result predicted the stability of 1,7-bis(3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)heptane-3,5-diyldiacetate-PDE-5 complex comparable to the sildenafil-PDE-5 complex. The outcome of this study predicted nine molecules from A. melegueta as potent PDE-5 antagonists which required isolation and experimental validation for the management of erectile dysfunction.
Epa-unet:automatic Segmentation of Liver and Tumor in Ct Images Based on Residual U-net and Efficient Multiscale Attention Methods
Authors: Zhang Lijuan , Liu Yingxue , Li Zhiyi , Li Dongming 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Extraction of livers and tumors from CT(Computed Tomography) volumes is a challenging task. In recent years, with the development of deep learning technology, The U-Net architecture is widely used in medical image segmentation. We propose a residual network-based and efficient multi-scale attention method EPA-UNet.In the whole network, the U-Net framework is selected as the baseline, and the context-aware residual block feature encoder decoder enhances the feature extraction capability and solves the deep network degradation problem. An Efficient Channel Attention (ECA) is introduced in the residual unit, which uses an attention mechanism to assign weights to the input sequence and can suppress irrelevant image background features. In order to solve the difficult optimization problem of merging objects of different sizes in the skip connection of U-Net, Attention Gates (AG) are introduced into the skip connection for optimization, and useful features are further learned to improve the sensitivity and accuracy of the module. Second, Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling (ASPP) is used to replace the bottleneck layer to acquire multi-scale image information through different receptive fields. Our structure was evaluated on the LiTs dataset while using three commonly used segmentation metrics which are the Dice coefficient, 95HD, and ASD. The method obtained 96.6% Dice coefficient for liver segmentation and 82.5% Dice coefficient for tumor segmentation. The highest accuracy was achieved for all three metrics compared to other methods. Our experiments used a five-fold cross-validation method, which effectively reduces the random errors in the model evaluation and improves the accuracy of the evaluation results.
Evaluation of different UV wavelengths and instar for surveying the immature stages of butterflies
Authors: Tilley Gareth John , Stewart Alan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Nocturnal UV flashlight surveys have been used to study the immature stages of certain butterflies as they offer a novel method of investigating cryptic species. Using the Black Hairstreak butterfly as a model species, we demonstrate how photoluminescence increases with larval stage. Nocturnal UV surveys can be used to show when numbers peak, as larvae become increasingly detectable, before they decrease due to pupation and predation. To investigate the transferability of using UV nocturnal surveys for detecting other species, we compare larval photoluminescence using UV flashlights emitting at 365nm with those emitting at 385-395nm. We find notable differences across six species of butterfly: for example, Small Copper and Purple Hairstreak larvae photoluminesce significantly only under 365nm UV light. As most commercially available UV flashlights emit at 385-395nm, this indicates that there are potentially more species that could be detected using UV flashlights than previously realised. Implications for insect conservation: our results show that researchers wishing to conduct nocturnal flashlight surveys should be aware that, because the photoluminescence of larvae is dependent on the UV wavelength used, monitoring different species will require the adoption of lights emitting the appropriate wavelength. Also, the optimal time for surveying a particular species will be at peak photoluminescence which in turn will be dependent on larval stage.
Genomic analysis of antifungal drug resistance in Trichophyton rubrum culturing with terbinafine
Authors: Kano Rui , Nojo Honoka , Noguchi Hiromitsu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this study, we induced terbinafine (TRF) resistance in a T. rubrum strain in vitro for 18 months then compared the genomes of the TRF-resistant (N42-3) and TRF-susceptible wild-type (N42WT) strains to identify mutations. In the SQLE gene, N42WT had no mutation while N42-3 had a F397L mutation. We sequenced approximately 22.53 Mb of the genomes of the N43WT and N42-3 strains. Other than the F397L mutation in SQLE, there were three other genetic mutations in three different genes that were found in N42-3, but not in N43WT; however, these three mutations were not detected in other TRF-resistant T. rubrum strains. From this genome sequencing analysis, the only variation that was confirmed to be associated with drug resistance in the genome of the TRF-resistant T. rubrum was a hotspot mutation in SQLE.
Advancing collaboration in Health Professions Education in the General Practice domain, developing a national research agenda
Authors: de Groot Esther , Vossen Marianne Mak-van der , Slootweg Irene , Çorum Meryem , Kramer Anneke , Muris Jean , Scherpbier Nynke , Thoonen Bart , Damoiseaux Roger 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background Health professions education (HPE) research in the general practice domain (GP-HPE) is vital for high-quality healthcare. Collaboration among GP-HPE researchers is crucial but challenging. Formulating a research agenda, involving stakeholders, and fostering inter-institutional collaboration can address these challenges and connect educational research and practice.Methods We used Q-methodology to explore participants' perspectives from all Dutch postgraduate GP training institutes on GP-HPE research. Participants individually sorted statements based on the relevance of future GP-HPE research for educational practice. Data analysis comprised inverted factor analysis, rotation, and interpretation. The National Meeting on Educational Research took a participatory approach that was crucial in decision-making and aligning the results.Results We included 73 participants with diverse involvement in GP-HPE research. We identified five distinct perspectives, each representing a research focus area for developing and innovating GP education: the clinician scientist, the socially engaged GP, the specific GP identity, the GP as an entrepreneur, and the GP engaged in lifelong learning.Discussion The resulting five perspectives align with the general practice hallmarks. Q-methodology and a participatory approach facilitated collaboration and consensus among stakeholders. Successful inter-institutional collaboration requires a common goal, neutral leadership, participant commitment, regular meetings, audit trail support, process transparency, and reflexivity. Future research should focus on addressing evidence gaps within these perspectives.Conclusion In the Netherlands, we developed a national research agenda for GP-HPE research using Q-methodology, focusing on inter-institutional collaboration, which provides a potential model for HPE researchers worldwide.
Oyster mushroom with short cropping duration and good taste developed through mono-monokaryons hybridization
Authors: Sindhu S , Theradimani M. , Vellaikumar S. , Paramasivam M. , Ramamoorthy V. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The development of short cropping period oyster mushroom (Pleurotus species) having good taste is one of the important needs of mushroom growers. Pleurotus djamor strain woody1, collected recently from the dead wood, has a short cropping period of 30 days but a moderately acceptable taste. One of the cultivated Pleurotus spp., P. djamorstrain MDU1, has good taste but a long cropping period of 47 days. Thus, genetic improvement of P. djamor was carried out between these two strains by pairing monokaryons (anastomosis) to develop elite hybrid strains having a short cropping period and good taste. Monokaryons of parental strains showed variation in time required for germination; i.e., basidiospores of P. djamor strain woody1 germinated and developed monokaryotic colonies in six days, whereas that of P. djamor strain MDU1 developed monokaryotic colonies in eight days of incubation. In addition, variation in the growth rate and morphology of the monokaryotic mycelia of both parental strains was noticed and fast-growing monokaryons were selected for anastomosis. Out of 60 crosses made between mycelia of monokaryotic isolates of both parental strains, 20 crosses showed clamp connection, indicating that they were successful crosses. Out of 20 hybrids, two hybrid strains, viz., W2M4 and W4M4, exhibited higher yields than their parents. They exhibited the short cropping period trait, good taste attribute and some specific volatile metabolites. This study showed that the developed two hybrid varieties, having desirable agronomic traits, could be used in mushroom farming to increase the mushroom grower’s income.
On Choquard Problems in ℝN Influenced by the Negative Part of the Spectrum
Authors: Junior José Carlos Oliveira , Neto Sandra Imaculada Moreira , Moura Elson Leal , Miyagaki Olímpio ‪Hiroshi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This article focuses on studying the existence of solutions for the following indefinite Choquard equation in $\mathbb{R}^{N}$: where $N \geq 2$. Here, $\alpha$ is a positive constant satisfying $0<\alpha In this work, we establish the existence of nontrivial solutions by employing significant outcomes from spectral theory, along with a version of the linking theorem presented by \cite{MaiaMayra}, and the interaction between translated solutions of the problem at infinity.
AMS 2020 subject classification: 35A15, 35J10, 35P05.
Readmission rates in HIV-associated Burkitt lymphoma patients: A nationwide readmission database (NRD) analysis
Authors: Tuin Ashley , Wieland Clare , Dort Elizabeth , Dilsaver Danielle , Velagapudi Manasa 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are at an increased risk of developing AIDS-defining malignancies including Burkitt lymphoma (BL). Survival outcomes in HIV-associated BL remain worse than non-HIV-associated BL, despite the widespread implementation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). We aimed to determine the association between HIV status and risk for 30-day and 90-day readmission after index hospitalization for BL.
Methods
Data were abstracted from the 2010–2020 Nationwide Readmissions Database (NRD); hospitalizations included patients with a primary BL diagnosis and were stratified by comorbid HIV (yes vs. no). The primary outcome was all-cause readmission (30-day and 90-day). Secondary outcomes were in-hospital mortality, length of stay (LOS), and hospital cost. Between-HIV differences were evaluated via logistic and log-normal regression; multivariable models adjusted for comorbid kidney failure and disease, hypertension, fluid and electrolyte disorders, and sepsis.
Results
Overall, there were 8,453 hospitalizations for BL and 6.0% carried an HIV diagnosis. Of BL hospitalizations, 68.4% were readmitted within 30-days post index BL hospitalization and 6.8% carried a HIV diagnosis. HIV-associated BL was associated with 43% higher adjusted odds of 30-day readmission (aOR 95% CI: 4% higher to 97% higher, p = 0.026). For 90-day readmission, 76.0% of BL patients were readmitted and 7.0% carried a HIV diagnosis. HIV-associated BL was not statistically associated with all-cause 90-day readmission (aOR 1.46, aOR 95% CI: 0% higher to 115% higher, p = 0.053).
Conclusions
HIV-positive status is associated with an increased risk for 30-day readmission after index hospitalization for Burkitt lymphoma.