bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Small ruminant lentivirus capsid protein (SRLV-p25) antigenic structural prediction and immunogenicity to recombinant SRLV-rp25-coupled to immunostimulatory complexes based on glycyrrhizinic acid
Authors: Castañeda-Montes María Azucena , Cuevas-Romero Julieta Sandra , Cerriteño-Sánchez José Luis , de María Ávila-De la Vega Lucero , García-Cambrón José Bryan , Ramírez-Álvarez Hugo 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTSmall ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV) infect sheep and goats resulting in significant economic losses. This study evaluated for the first time the predicted conformational structure of the SRLV-capsid-protein 25 (SRLV-p25) and analyzed the antigenicity of recombinant protein (SRLV-rp25) in mice by coupling to an immunostimulatory complexes based on glycyrrhizinic acid liposomes (GAL) and tested plasma from goats and sheep naturally infected. Analysis in silico and conformational structure of SRLV-p25 (genotype B-FESC-752) showed similar characteristics to other lentiviral capsids. The efficient expression of SRLV-rp25 was confirmed by Western blot. The humoral immune responses in mice showed an increased level of antibodies from day 21 to 35 of the SRLV-rp25-GAL and SRLV-rp25-ISCOM® groups and the cellular immune response showed no significant difference in IL-10 levels (P &gt;.05), however, a significant difference (P &lt;.001) was observed when comparing SRLV-rp25-GAL with SRLV-rp25 groups. Immunoreactivity toward SRLV-rp25 revealed 61% of positive samples from naturally infected goats and sheep.
A heterodimeric hyaluronate lyase secreted by the activated sludge bacteriumHaliscomenobacter hydrossis
Authors: Mori Tomomi , Masuzawa Nozomi , Kondo Keiko , Nakanishi Yuta , Chida Shun , Uehara Daiki , Katahira Masato , Takeda Minoru 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTHaliscomenobacter hydrossis is a filamentous bacterium common in activated sludge. The bacterium was found to utilize hyaluronic acid, and hyaluronate lyase activity was detected in its culture. However, no hyaluronate lyase gene was found in the genome, suggesting the bacterium secretes a novel hyaluronate lyase. The purified enzyme exhibited two bands on SDS-PAGE and a single peak on gel filtration chromatography, suggesting a heterodimeric composition. N-terminal amino acid sequence and mass spectrometric analyses suggested that the subunits are molybdopterin-binding and [2Fe–2S]-binding subunits of a xanthine oxidase family protein. The presence of the cofactors was confirmed using spectrometric analysis. Oxidase activity was not detected, revealing that the enzyme is not an oxidase but a hyaluronate lyase. Nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of the enzymatic digest revealed that the enzyme breaks hyaluronic acid to 3-(4-deoxy-β-d-gluc-4-enuronosyl)-N-acetyl-d-glucosamine. As hyaluronate lyases (EC 4.2.2.1) are monomeric or trimeric, the enzyme is the first heterodimeric hyaluronate lyase.
A benchmark for automatic medical consultation system: frameworks, tasks and datasets
Authors: Chen Wei , Li Zhiwei , Fang Hongyi , Yao Qianyuan , Zhong Cheng , Hao Jianye , Zhang Qi , Huang Xuanjing , Peng Jiajie , Wei Zhongyu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Motivation
In recent years, interest has arisen in using machine learning to improve the efficiency of automatic medical consultation and enhance patient experience. In this article, we propose two frameworks to support automatic medical consultation, namely doctor–patient dialogue understanding and task-oriented interaction. We create a new large medical dialogue dataset with multi-level fine-grained annotations and establish five independent tasks, including named entity recognition, dialogue act classification, symptom label inference, medical report generation and diagnosis-oriented dialogue policy.

Results
We report a set of benchmark results for each task, which shows the usability of the dataset and sets a baseline for future studies.

Availability and implementation
Both code and data are available from https://github.com/lemuria-wchen/imcs21.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Splitting strategies for post-selection inference
Authors: Rasines D García , Young G A 
Published: December 2022

Summary
We consider the problem of providing valid inference for a selected parameter in a sparse regression setting. It is well known that classical regression tools can be unreliable in this context because of the bias generated in the selection step. Many approaches have been proposed in recent years to ensure inferential validity. In this article we consider a simple alternative to data splitting based on randomizing the response vector, which allows for higher selection and inferential power than the former, and is applicable with an arbitrary selection rule. We perform a theoretical and empirical comparison of the two methods and derive a central limit theorem for the randomization approach. Our investigations show that the gain in power can be substantial.
Meta-topologies define distinct anatomical classes of brain tumours linked to histology and survival
Authors: Kernbach Julius M , Delev Daniel , Neuloh Georg , Clusmann Hans , Bzdok Danilo , Eickhoff Simon B , Staartjes Victor E , Vasella Flavio , Weller Michael , Regli Luca , Serra Carlo , Krayenbühl Niklaus , Akeret Kevin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe current World Health Organization classification integrates histological and molecular features of brain tumours. The aim of this study was to identify generalizable topological patterns with the potential to add an anatomical dimension to the classification of brain tumours. We applied non-negative matrix factorization as an unsupervised pattern discovery strategy to the fine-grained topographic tumour profiles of 936 patients with neuroepithelial tumours and brain metastases. From the anatomical features alone, this machine learning algorithm enabled the extraction of latent topological tumour patterns, termed meta-topologies. The optimal part-based representation was automatically determined in 10 000 split-half iterations. We further characterized each meta-topology’s unique histopathologic profile and survival probability, thus linking important biological and clinical information to the underlying anatomical patterns. In neuroepithelial tumours, six meta-topologies were extracted, each detailing a transpallial pattern with distinct parenchymal and ventricular compositions. We identified one infratentorial, one allopallial, three neopallial (parieto-occipital, frontal, temporal) and one unisegmental meta-topology. Each meta-topology mapped to distinct histopathologic and molecular profiles. The unisegmental meta-topology showed the strongest anatomical–clinical link demonstrating a survival advantage in histologically identical tumours. Brain metastases separated to an infra- and supratentorial meta-topology with anatomical patterns highlighting their affinity to the cortico-subcortical boundary of arterial watershed areas.Using a novel data-driven approach, we identified generalizable topological patterns in both neuroepithelial tumours and brain metastases. Differences in the histopathologic profiles and prognosis of these anatomical tumour classes provide insights into the heterogeneity of tumour biology and might add to personalized clinical decision-making.
Chromosome-scale genome assembly of Glycyrrhiza uralensis revealed metabolic gene cluster centred specialized metabolites biosynthesis
Authors: Rai Amit , Hirakawa Hideki , Rai Megha , Shimizu Yohei , Shirasawa Kenta , Kikuchi Shinji , Seki Hikaru , Yamazaki Mami , Toyoda Atsushi , Isobe Sachiko , Muranaka Toshiya , Saito Kazuki 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A high-quality genome assembly is imperative to explore the evolutionary basis of characteristic attributes that define chemotype and provide essential resources for a molecular breeding strategy for enhanced production of medicinal metabolites. Here, using single-molecule high-fidelity (HiFi) sequencing reads, we report chromosome-scale genome assembly for Chinese licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis), a widely used herbal and natural medicine. The entire genome assembly was achieved in eight chromosomes, with contig and scaffold N50 as 36.02 and 60.2 Mb, respectively. With only 17 assembly gaps and half of the chromosomes having no or one assembly gap, the presented genome assembly is among the best plant genomes to date. Our results showed an advantage of using highly accurate long-read HiFi sequencing data for assembling a highly heterozygous genome including its complexed repeat content. Additionally, our analysis revealed that G. uralensis experienced a recent whole-genome duplication at approximately 59.02 million years ago post a gamma (γ) whole-genome triplication event, which contributed to its present chemotype features. The metabolic gene cluster analysis identified 355 gene clusters, which included the entire biosynthesis pathway of glycyrrhizin. The genome assembly and its annotations provide an essential resource for licorice improvement through molecular breeding and the discovery of valuable genes for engineering bioactive components and understanding the evolution of specialized metabolites biosynthesis.
CAREGIVER CONTRIBUTION TO OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY VIDEO VISITS
Authors: Gately Megan , Waller Dylan , Metcalf Emily , Moo Lauren 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Caregivers’ role facilitating older adults’ participation in diverse health care services delivered using video telehealth (i.e., live sessions) is not well-understood. This study surveyed occupational therapy (OT) practitioners across Veterans Health Administration (VHA) about caregiver participation in VA Video Connect (VVC), VHA’s videoconferencing platform. 293 OT practitioners participated in the survey, with 47% reporting that caregivers participated in VVC often. The foremost reported patient factors necessitating caregiver participation in video visits were patient lack of technical skills (76%) and cognitive impairment (72%). Barriers to caregiver participation in video visits included poor connectivity and caregivers’ own age or health related impairments, while benefits included increased collaboration with family (87%). This study enhances our understanding of caregivers’ participation in video telehealth, highlighting factors driving caregiver participation and suggesting strategies to optimize this service delivery format for older adults.
FACTORS INFORMING CLINICIAN CHOICE OF TELEHEALTH MODALITY TO SUPPORT DEMENTIA CAREGIVERS
Authors: Quach Emma , Franzosa Emily , Hartmann Christine , Moo Lauren 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In summer 2020, 68 clinicians in the New England area caring for Veterans with dementia as part of a specialty team were surveyed regarding caregiver support services, with a 46% response rate (n=31). When faced with the need to abruptly discontinue in-person dementia support services, the majority of respondents offered caregivers support via telephone rather than video telehealth. Only 4 of 31 (13%) mentioned offering video visits for the first time to replace face-to-face visits. Clinician choice of modality largely reflected shifts among preestablished communication modalities/patterns and were influenced by clinician perception that older patients and their caregivers would prefer the telephone. Clinicians without experience using video telehealth with older adults were unlikely to offer video visits despite evidence that many older adults are willing and able to participate. Assessing caregiver wish/ability to participate in video visits may inform and shape clinician choice of telehealth modality.
FACTORS INFLUENCING WHERE AFRICAN IMMIGRANTS PLAN TO SEEK CARE FOR A RELATIVE WITH DEMENTIA
Authors: Nkimbeng Manka , Russel Wynfred , Shippee Tetyana , Gaugler Joseph 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Many African immigrants did not hear about dementia until they migrated to the United States, which limits understanding of the disease and awareness of community resources. We examined the relationship between being a caregiver, care recipient country of residence, and seeking care using data from 152 African immigrants. Most participants (90%) were caregivers, 12% of the care recipients resided in Africa, and 59% reported that they would seek care within the formal health system. After controlling for age, gender, income and participant place of birth, caregivers were more likely (aOR: 2.31, 95% CI 0.37, 13.39) to seek care from community networks alone, as were those providing care to a recipient in Africa (aOR: 1.94, 95% CI 0.56, 6.71), but these were not statistically significant. These findings which trend toward preferences for seeking care through informal community networks (friends, religious organizations etc.), can inform dementia education and outreach for this community.
UNDERSTANDING AGING DIVERSITY THROUGH HUMANIST VALUES OF AGING: LOVE, HOPE, PEACE, AND STEWARDSHIP
Authors: Fogle Stephen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Humanist values of aging are relevant for understanding diversity in gerontological education because they are manifested across all cultures and ages. This paper proposes attention to four humanist values of aging: Love, Hope, Peace, Stewardship. This paper seeks opportunities for students to understand aging diversity in half century context: from traditional frames of race and sexuality to global conversations on language and geography. Drawing from stories about older adults this paper gathers diverse opportunities for understanding of humanist values of aging. Selections strive toward expanding representation of aging diversity and accessibility for students. Teaching with stories of love, hope, peace, and stewardship as humanist values of aging matches AGHE initiatives for incorporating humanities into gerontological education and opens opportunities for recognizing diversity representation in our society for all ages. Understanding aging diversity through stories of older adults engaged with humanist values of aging promises enriching educational experiences for lifelong learning.
PILOTING AN INTERGENERATIONAL ECOSYSTEM: THE GEN2GEN INNOVATION FELLOWSHIP AND RESULTS FROM YEAR 1
Authors: Halvorsen Cal , Nichols Eunice Lin , Oh Janet 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Intergenerational service has a long history in the U.S., highlighting the positive health and well-being outcomes of bringing the generations together. In recent years, private foundations have increased their focus on intergenerational initiatives, yet the creation of an “intergenerational ecosystem” that is designed to spark, grow, and support new intergenerational initiatives has not been nationally tested. In response, Encore.org launched the Gen2Gen Innovation Fellowship in 2020 to pilot and hone a 9-month fellowship model that supports a diverse group of leaders of intergenerational initiatives. To assess the impact of the Fellowship, we employed a mixed-methods approach with subjective and objective data sources, including interviews and monthly and post-Fellowship surveys. Among the first cohort of 15 Fellows, results suggest that the cohort-style model encouraged peer-to-peer support and that the Fellowship positively influenced their intergenerational efforts. We conclude by describing lessons learned to inspire future efforts to strengthen the intergenerational ecosystem.
IMPACT OF LEISURE ACTIVITIES ON COGNITION IN OLDER BREAST CANCER SURVIVORS AND NONCANCER CONTROLS
Authors: Doyle Cassidy , Small Brent , Schwarzberg Arielle , Ahles Tim , Carroll Judith , Mandelblatt Jeanne 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Older adults represent the largest segment of cancer survivors and may be particularly susceptible to poor cognitive outcomes. This project examines the impact of leisure activities on cognitive performance in non-metastatic breast cancer survivors and healthy controls from the Thinking and Living with Cancer (TLC) Study. Additionally, this project investigates if genetic polymorphisms (APOE, COMT, BDNF) limit the benefits of leisure activities on cognitive performance. A battery of neuropsychological tests was used to create composite scores for learning and memory (LM) and attention, processing speed, and executive functioning (APE). Leisure activity participation was associated with better LM and APE composite scores. Age differences in LM and APE were not statistically significant among the most active participants. Regarding genetic polymorphisms, persons with APOE-ε4 exhibited greater cognitive performance benefits compared to non-ε4 carriers. Future research should examine the extent to which leisure activities can buffer longitudinal declines.
AGE-FRIENDLY CARE: A FRAMEWORK TO ADDRESS HEALTH DISPARITIES IN NURSING HOMES
Authors: Waters Leland , Berish Diane , Rhodes Annie , Bellantoni Michele 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Three Geriatrics Workforce Enhancement Programs (Johns Hopkins, Penn State and Virginia Commonwealth) within Health and Human Services Region-3, implemented a project providing tailored educational content designed to meet the regional needs of nursing home staff, residents, and carepartners within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Semi-Structured, recorded focus groups were conducted with direct care workers, and family and resident counsels. All groups were interviewed about familiarity and comfort with the 3Ds (Dementia, Delirium, and Depression) as well as what mattered most to them as workers, residents and care partners. The overall goal was to enhance development of the nursing home workforce thus creating a meaningful clinical improvement in care. We aim to go beyond the improvement of routine clinical care and address the long-standing behavioral and mental health disparities observed in this resident population. Policy implications around education, engagement of workforce, resident, and carepartner voices will be discussed.
ADDRESSING THE NEEDS OF NURSING HOMES USING MULTIPLE APPROACHES TO EDUCATION AND SUPPORT
Authors: Cotton Sam , Faul Anna , Yankeelov Pamela , Gordon Barbara , Magnuson Justin , Henage Cris , Hubbard Jennifer , Roberts Ellen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
At the University of Louisville and University of North Carolina Geriatric Workforce Enhancement Programs (GWEPs), we have collaborated to develop and implement a multi-faceted program to training to address the pressing challenges within NHs and foster community. We have created a Project ECHOs series for NH administers and nursing staff to foster support, while providing education on critical topics including age-friendly healthcare, vaccine hesitancy and infectious disease control, and ways to address health disparities. Additionally, we have developed videos for CNAs and direct support staff. For NH residents and families, we are designing education and offering services to address the disparities related to mental health needs. The UofL and UNC GWEPs mission is to provide a more holistic approach to NH care and opportunities for support and community. Implications for changes in policy and future practice within NHs and the use of collaborative approaches will be discussed.
FROM KNOWING TO DOING: WHAT IS NEEDED TO SUPPORT PATIENTS IN CHANGING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Thackeray Anne , Hamilton Tonua , Morse Janice , Hess Rachel , Conroy Molly , Fritz Julie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Physical therapists often treat pain and functional limitations associated with chronic musculoskeletal conditions common in aging adults. While patient report improvement after physical therapy, these results do not translate to sustained physical activity. This is a lost opportunity to support aging adults in adopting behaviors proven to improve quality of life and reduce comorbidity burden. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 30 physical therapists to understand how they support adoption of physical activity and identify what is needed to improve uptake. Physical therapists endorse physical activity as essential in the management of MSK conditions. Eliciting motivation, addressing psychosocial needs, and empowering patients to actively engage in solutions were identified as significant challenges in the effort to change physical activity. At the clinician level, physical therapists identified the need for improved skills in motivational interviewing and person-centered communication. Improved coordination with mental health providers and community resources were identified as environmental needs.
LONELINESS AND ACCELERATED COGNITIVE DECLINE: MEDIATION EFFECTS OF RESILIENCE AND PURPOSE OF LIFE
Authors: Pei Yaolin , Qi Xiang , Wang Sammy , Wu Bei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Drawing from the Conservation of Resources Theory, we aim to understand the implications of loneliness on psychological resources (i.e., resilience and purpose in life) and cognitive health in later life. This study utilizes data (2006-2018) from the Health and Retirement Study to examine pathways, both direct and indirect through psychological resilience and purpose in life, from loneliness to cognitive trajectories over time. Respondents reporting higher levels of loneliness had worse initial cognitive function (β=-0.43; P&lt;0.01) and accelerated cognitive decline (β=-0.05; P&lt;0.01). Feeling lonely is associated with reduced resilience (β=-0.23; P&lt;0.01) and purposed in life (β=-0.17; P&lt;0.01) which, in turn, are associated with worse cognitive health. Finally, pathway analyses confirm that loneliness is indirectly associated with initial cognitive health and accelerated cognitive decline through deteriorating phycological resources. Positive psychological interventions can be beneficial by promoting resilience and purpose in life and subsequently improve cognitive health.
DEMENTIA CARE PARTNER SELF-CARE: A FRAMEWORK TO ILLUSTRATE MECHANISMS OF FACILITATORS AND BARRIERS
Authors: Sadak Tatiana , Cho Susie , Ishado Emily , Borson Soo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Dementia care partner (CP) self-care is an important intervention target to enhance resilience and reduce risk of negative physical and psychological outcomes, such as illness, functional decline, depression and anxiety. Yet few studies have explored CP perceptions of what helps vs prevents them from consistently engaging in self-care activities. This exploratory study examined data from 100 semi-structured CP interviews on the barriers and facilitators to self-care. Inductive thematic analysis identified multiple facilitators and barriers that can be characterized as actual (did affect self-care) or potential (would affect self-care). CP capacity to participate in self-care activities was influenced by internal (e.g. setting boundaries) or external (e.g. social support) factors. We developed a framework to illustrate these mechanisms and guide interventions for optimizing self-care behaviors.
VALIDATING A BEHAVIORAL FRAMEWORK OF RESILIENCE IN DEMENTIA CARE PARTNERS: AN ABDUCTIVE THEMATIC ANALYSIS APPROACH
Authors: Zhou Yuanjin , Hasdemir Dilara , Ishado Emily , Borson Soo , Sadak Tatiana 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
One barrier to developing resilience-enhancing interventions for dementia care partners is a lack of an objective measure to capture resilience-related behaviors. To validate a behavioral framework of resilience in dementia care partners for future measure and intervention, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 26 care partners who experienced challenges created by a health crisis of their care recipients. We used abductive thematic analysis to identify 14 resilience-related behaviors care partners adopted to recover from care challenges. These behaviors included four problem-response behaviors, three help-related behaviors, three self-growth behaviors, two compassion-related behaviors, and two learning-related behaviors. Twelve care partners reported full recovery from the effects of their challenging experiences. Ten care partners reported partial recovery in the face of PLWD’s declining health and their own unmet needs, and four care partners felt not at all recovered. This finding suggests new intervention targets for enhancing care partner resilience.