bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultramicroscopic features of thyrocytes after 60 days of tartrazine administration and infliction of a defect in the tibiaе and substantiation of the effectiveness of sodium selenite
Authors: Morozov V. N. , Luzin V. I. 
Published: May 2023

Aim. Identify the features of the ultramicroscopic structure of thyrocytes in rats under conditions after 60 days of tartrazine administration and simulated traumatic bone defect, as well as to establish the effectiveness of sodium selenite.Material and methods. White mature male rats were divided into 3 groups. In Group 1, a through defect in the tibiae was applied to rats after the previous 60-day intragastric administration of saline solution. In Group 2, rats were subjected to 60-day exposure with tartrazine at a dosage of 750 mg/kg instead of saline solution under similar experimental conditions and in Group 3 – additionally intramuscularly injected sodium selenite at a dose of 40 µg/kg. On days 3, 10, 15, 24 and 45, the animals were removed from the experiment, samples of thyroid gland were processed for electron microscopic examination according to the standard method.Results. In Group 2, inactive chromatin prevailed in the nucleus, expanded cisterns of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, single mitochondria with matrix destruction sites were observed in the cytoplasm from 3rd to 15th days of experiment. There were cells in a state of apoptosis. By the day 24, the ultramicroscopic picture was almost restored to the control values.In Group 3, an increase in the area of active euchromatin in the nucleus, restoration of the lumen of the cisterns of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, an increase in the number of lysosomes in the cytoplasm, a decrease in the number of mitochondria with signs of destruction of crysts and cells with signs of apoptosis were revealed.Conclusion. The bone defect applied after the previous 60-day administration of tartrazine causes an aggravation of ultramicroscopic changes in thyrocytes, compared with the group without the introduction of a food additive. Use of sodium selenite allows, to a certain extent, to neutralize the changes caused by tartrazine in these cells by the time of traumatic injury.
Study of changes in the activity of glutathione system enzymes in the blood and liver in experimentally induced dyslipoproteinemia on the background of mechanical damage to the skeletal muscle in rats of different age groups
Authors: Pavlova O. N. , Tulaeva O. N. , Gulenko O. N. , Lukenyuk E. V. 
Published: May 2023

Currently, there is a steady increase in morbidity and mortality from acute cerebrovascular conditions, which are based on vascular ischemic manifestations, which are systemic in nature. At the heart of the root cause of any ischemic process – heart attack, stroke, hypertension – is atherosclerosis and dyslipoproteinemia. One of the biomarkers of this pathological process is oxidative stress.The purpose of the study: to analyze the dynamics of the activity of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase in the blood and liver of rats of different ages under oxidative stress caused by modeling dyslipoproteinemia followed by mechanical injury to the skeletal muscle.Materials and methods. The study was conducted on outbred healthy male rats, divided into two groups according to age: the first group (c) – 24-month-old (old) rats, weighing 230–250 grams in the amount of 120 pieces and the second group (m) – 6-month-old (young) rats, weighing 190–210 grams in the amount of 120 pieces, kept under standard vivarium conditions. All rats were divided into four subgroups within their group, 30 animals each. Animals of the first subgroup in each group (1s, 1m) are intact (old and young) animals, to which no effects were applied. Animals of the second subgroup (2c, 2m) (regeneration control, old and young) had a mechanical dissection in the region of the middle third of the gastrocnemius muscle of the hind limb. Animals of the first and second subgroups were on a standard vivarium diet and had free access to water and food. Animals of the third (3s, 3m) and fourth (4s, 4m) subgroups of each group were subjected to dyslipoproteinemia modeling for 63 days and received a high-carbohydrate and high-fat diet with an increased fat content of up to 30% by weight of dry matter and replacement of drinking water with a 20% fructose solution. After the specified time, the animals of the fourth subgroups of both groups were injured in the middle third of the gastrocnemius muscle of the hind limb.Conclusions. Against the background of dyslipoproteinemia, oxidative stress occurs in the tissues of young and old rats, which is reflected by a decrease in the activity of enzymes of the glutathione system. Mechanical injury of the calf muscle in combination with dyslipoproteinemia aggravates oxidative processes against the background of inflammation and leads to an even more intense decrease in the activity of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase in the liver and blood tissues of rats, and in old animals these processes are more pronounced than in young ones.
Management of Micro Nutrition and Health Impacts on the Elderly: Literature Review
Authors: Mustofa Vina Firmanty , Prasetyo Budi , Indriani Diah , Rahmawati Nur Anisah 
Published: May 2023

Background: The population of elderly worldwide is increasing unnoticed, including in Indonesia. The world's population is aging, and many elderly people experience age-related malnutrition, including deficiencies in some micronutrients. Malnutrition in the elderly is a serious condition when the nutritional needs of the elderly do not match their food intake.
Objectives: This systematic review broadly reviews various micronutrient problems and health impacts on the elderly in several countries.
Methods: Systematic review following PRISMA guidelines. Several databases have been accessed; the PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases use a combination of MESH terms and relevant keywords. The inclusion criteria applied were studies written in English, evaluating relevant topics, providing full text, and published studies from 2017-2022
Discussion: Many disorders associated with aging are related to micronutrient deficiencies. Various factors cause micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly, but inadequate food intake is the main factor influencing this deficiency. Nutritional deficiencies experienced by the elderly are closely related to decreased immune function. The results of this review explain that the elderly experience malnutrition due to a lack of the following nutrients: vitamin D, folic acid, calcium, and vitamin B12.
Conclusions: Micronutrient deficiency in the elderly causes a variety of comorbidities that reduce the elderly's quality of life in old age, such as heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, electrolyte imbalance, dementia, and anemia. The development of food-based dietary guidelines and health promotion regarding elderly nutrition in several countries should be recommended, and it is also necessary to update national food intake references.
AOA Critical Issues Symposium: Shaping the Impact of Artificial Intelligence within Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: Patel Alpesh A. , Schwab Joseph H. , Amanatullah Derek F. , Divi Srikanth N. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a broad term that is widely used but inconsistently understood. It refers to the ability of any machine to exhibit human-like intelligence by making decisions, solving problems, or learning from experience. With its ability to rapidly process large amounts of information, AI has already transformed many industries such as entertainment, transportation, and communications through consumer-facing products and business-to-business applications. Given its potential, AI is also anticipated to impact the practice of medicine and the delivery of health care. Interest in AI-based techniques has grown rapidly within the orthopaedic community, resulting in an increasing number of publications on this topic. Topics of interest have ranged from the use of AI for imaging interpretation to AI-based techniques for predicting postoperative outcomes.
The highly technical and data-driven nature of orthopaedic surgery creates the potential for AI, and its subdisciplines machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), to fundamentally transform our understanding of musculoskeletal care. However, AI-based techniques are not well known to most orthopaedic surgeons, nor are they taught with the same level of insight and critical thinking as traditional statistical methodology. With a clear understanding of the science behind AI-based techniques, orthopaedic surgeons will be able to identify the potential pitfalls of the application of AI to musculoskeletal health. Additionally, with increased understanding of AI, surgeons and their patients may have more trust in the results of AI-based analytics, thereby expanding the potential use of AI in clinical care and amplifying the impact it could have in improving quality and value. The purpose of this American Orthopaedic Association (AOA) symposium was to facilitate understanding and development of AI and AI-based techniques within orthopaedic surgery by defining common terminology related to AI, demonstrating the existing clinical utility of AI, and presenting future applications of AI in surgical care.
Coinfection of Melioidosis and Tuberculosis Causing Infective Lumbar Spondylodiscitis
Authors: Jain Mantu , Ratna Harish V.K. , Mohanty Srujana , Padhi Somanath , Tripathy Sujit 
Published: May 2023

Case:
A 63-year-old farmer who is a known diabetic and chronic alcoholic presented with lower back pain and neurological weakness of lower limbs present for the past 3 months. His acute phase reactants were very high, and magnetic resonance imaging displayed L4-L5 vertebral involvement with epidural, paravertebral, and bilateral psoas abscesses. Cultures of an ultrasound-guided aspiration from the psoas were positive for Burkholderia pseudomallei, and a nucleic acid amplification test also detected Mycobacterium tuberculosis. He underwent posterior decompression and fixation, and intraoperative biopsy confirmed a granulomatous reaction. He received appropriate antibiotics for both diseases. At 1 year, he showed healing on radiographic imaging, with independent ambulation status.

Conclusion:
The coexistence of melioidosis and tuberculosis is rare, and as far as we know, a case of infective spondylodiscitis has not been reported. In patients with infective spondylodiscitis, every attempt should be made to confirm the diagnosis before starting empirical antitubercular treatment (ATT).
Correction of Static Posterior Shoulder Subluxation by Restoring Normal Scapular Anatomy Using Acromion and Glenoid Osteotomies
Authors: Gerber Christian , Sigrist Bastian , Hochreiter Bettina 
Published: May 2023

Case:
A 40-year-old man presented with progressive shoulder pain, associated with static posterior subluxation and mild eccentric glenohumeral osteoarthritis. Compared with a mean statistical shape model of a normal shoulder, the patient's acromion was abnormally high and horizontal, and the glenoid abnormally inclined inferiorly and minimally retroverted. Restoration of normal scapular anatomy using 3-dimensional planned acromial and glenoid osteotomies led to recentering of the joint and full shoulder function up to 24 months postoperatively.

Conclusion:
The correction of associated acromial and glenoid malformation can revert early static posterior subluxation of the shoulder. Whether successful recentering prevents progression of osteoarthritis remains to be established.
Telerehabilitation intervention in transitional care for people with COVID-19: Pre-post study with a non-equivalent control group
Authors: Reis Neuza , Dias Maria José Costa , Sousa Luís , Canedo Filipa , Rico Miguel Toscano , Henriques Maria Adriana , Baixinho Cristina Lavareda 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 infection and its resulting sequelae have increased the prevalence of people with respiratory symptoms, with impacts on functional capacity, quality of life, anxiety, depression, and mental health. To mitigate this problem, one challenge has been the design and implementation of interventions that simultaneously allow for education, rehabilitation, and monitoring of people with long COVID, at a time when health services were on the verge of rupture due to the volume of people with active COVID and in need of intensive care. Telerehabilitation emerged as a mode for providing rehabilitative care that brought professionals closer to patients and enabled continuity of care. The present study aimed to evaluate the results of a telerehabilitation intervention for people with injuries associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospital-community transitions, considering degree of dependence in performing activities of daily living, respiratory symptoms, fatigue, gait capacity, muscle strength, and anxiety and depression. A pre-post study with a non-equivalent control group was carried out with a total of 49 participants (intervention group n=24; control group n=25). The post-intervention results showed an increase in saturation, a decrease in heart rate, an improvement in the impact of post-COVID functionality, a decrease in fatigue, a decrease in perceived effort, and a decrease in depressive and anxiety symptoms. The telerehabilitation intervention, which combined educational strategies with respiratory and motor rehabilitation, helped improve global functionality and self-care, with clinical and functional impacts.
Size does not matter: natural history and sexual dimorphism of the striped hog-nosed skunk (Carnivora, Mephitidae) in protected and anthropised landscapes of a Neotropical ecosystem
Authors: Machado Giulianny Alves , de Azevedo Fernanda Cavalcanti , Freitas-Junior Mozart Caetano , Lima Caio Filipe da Mota , Cavalcanti Gitana Nunes , Cunha Andre de almeida , Facure Katia Gomes , Lemos Frederico Gemesio 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Expanding the knowledge on natural history of Carnivores allows to understand mechanisms species developed for survival and improve decision making aiming conservation. Studies on eco-morphological aspects of skunks, asConepatus amazonicus, are scarce and from small samples. We assessed roadkill individuals, faeces, camera trap records, and biometric data to describe the feeding ecology, activity period and morphology of skunks in agroecosystems and protected areas in the Brazilian Savanna. Invertebrates represented critical items in the diet in agroecosystems and protected areas, and due an intermediate niche breadth (0.545) skunks cannot be classified as specialists or generalists. Males and females have total niche overlap (0.94), and the diversity of items was not affected by proximity to urban centres. Animals develop their activities during the night, with 93% (n = 71) of records from sunset to sunrise. Males (2.56 kg) are 30% heavier than females (1.96 kg), suggesting sexual dimorphism forC. amazonicust= -3.7151; d.f. = 29;P < 0.0001). Foot size and dentition were also larger in males, corroborating the sexual selection hypothesis. Behavioural and morphological adaptations favour predation on insects, prey of low physical resistance, that are also available in environments modified for agriculture. This is the first study to report sexual dimorphism inC. amazonicus. Our results fill a gap in the knowledge of a species that plays unique role in ecosystem function, suggesting skunks represent the primary small-sized omnivorous-insectivorous occupying the Savanna.
Multi-nutrient fertilization-based analysis of fruit quality and mineral elements composition during fruit development in Merlot
Authors: Wang Xiaolong , Zhang Zhengwen , Zhong Xiaomin , Ji Xiaohao , Shi Xiangbin , Liu Chang , Wang Zhiqiang , Wang Hai bo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
[Purpose] Mineral elements are very important to plant growth and development, and the proper supply of mineral elements in soil and the optimum range of mineral elements in plant are necessary to guarantee the optimal yield and quality of fruit trees. The application of NPKCaMg fertilizers to fruit trees is frequently insufficient or excessive, which not only causes environmental degradation, but also reduces yield and quality of fruit.
[Methods] In order to assess the effects of different fertilizers on biological-related traits of grape fruit and responses to nutritional elements, grapevine (Merlot) was treated with multi-nutrient fertilization for 4 consecutive growing seasons in 2018–2021 at Penglai, Yantai in China.
[Results] The principal component analysis showed that the T11 treatment was the appropriate type and rate of fertilizer for this experiment. A 24.29%-35.20% reduction in fertilizer application with T11 treatment (N3P3K1Ca2Mg4) increased HGW, SN, TSS, SP, SFI, and ST, by 3.28%-12.84%, 3.76%-20.03%, 1.11%-14.95%, 2.16%-23.69%, 11.00%-32.78%, 1.07%-23.35%, respectively, compared to T14 (N4P2K3Ca1Mg4), T16 (N4P4K1Ca3Mg2), T13 (N4P1K4Ca2Mg3) and T15 (N4P3K2Ca4Mg1) treatment. The process of flower and fruiting behavior, the floral organs have a large demand for NPK. The requirement for K and B during the growth and development of the fruit was higher than that of other mineral elements. Excess K in soil enhanced the competitive inhibition of Ca uptake by Merlot. The optimum ranges of mineral element content for PP, PFI, PFD, SP and ST in Merlot were mainly related to the grape varieties and nutritional diagnosis methods.
[Conclusions] In conclusion, careful selection of NPKCaMg fertilizer supply to soil and optimum range of mineral elements in plant are important basis for proper growth and development of vine.
A Qualitative Exploration of People's Experiences on Social Media
Authors: Jasim Mahmood , Daneshzand Foroozan , Carpendale Sheelagh , Mahyar Narges 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Social media is becoming an inseparable component of our daily lives --- with the promise of providing an avenue for building connections with others worldwide. However, persuasive media coverage suggests that in reality, online social media is falling short of promises to provide a space for meaningful connections and interactions. Given that the landscape of social media is ever-changing, it is important to periodically probe into people's social media experiences to identify the challenges and nuances of how people make connections with others and experience the content that social media provides. To explore people's social media experiences, in this work, we conducted a qualitative exploratory study in which we took a two-pronged approach: (1) we created two small technology probes to elicit people’s thoughts and comments on how alternative features and functionalities could change how they use social media, and (2) conducted one-on-one creativity sessions to encourage our 16 study participants to explore how social media impact their lives and how it might transform in the future. The participants openly and enthusiastically discussed their experiences, connections, and agency on social media. Our findings suggest that the participants want features to increase expressivity, the ability to control content curation, and opportunities to make connections beyond what current social media platforms provide. We discuss the impact of privacy and anonymity in shaping social media experiences as well as the tension among agency, relevance, content curation, and echo chambers.
Temporal dynamic of plant-soil feedback during biological invasion depended on soil environmental context
Authors: Li Yang-Ping , Feng Yu-Long , Li Wei-Tao , Li Ju 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Aims Plant-soil feedback (PSF), which may vary across space and time, is considered an important mechanism in biological invasion. However, it is still unclear how PSF change during biological invasion in heterogeneous environmental background.Methods Here, we measured the effects of soil microbial communities on the invasive species Ageratina adenophora and soil fungal communities at 24 sites with different invasion periods in two forest gaps with contrasting soil environmental backgrounds. The dominance of A. adenophora (cover and aboveground biomass) and diversity of native species at these sites were evaluated.Results In the lightly disturbed forest gaps, A. adenophora showed strong a positive response to their soil biota relative to sterilized soil (total PSFs), but a negative response to their own soil biota relative to other species’ soil biota (specific PSFs), which increased over their residence time. However, in the severely disturbed forest gaps, the invader had strong positive specific PSFs, which were maintained over a long invasion history. Higher resistance against soil pathogens may contribute to long-term maintenance of positive specific PSFs. Correspondingly, the diversity, richness of native species and dominance of A. adenophora did not significantly change during biological invasion in the lightly disturbed gap whereas in the severely disturbed gap, native species declined, and A. adenophora dominance increased after a long invasion.Conclusions These findings indicate that changes in PSFs may contribute to changes in the dominance and impact of invasive species in forest, and also highlight the need to consider the habitat context when studying PSFs.
Ultrafast unidirectional on-chip heat transfer
Authors: Jia Baohua , Yang Junbo , Liu Miao , Wang Tanhe , Wang Zhaoyang , Guo Chunsheng , Lin Keng-Te , Lin Han 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Effective and rapid heat transfer is critical to improving electronic components' performance and operational stability, particularly for miniaturized devices with high heat dissipation demands. However, current thermal manipulation approaches, including the recent advancement in thermal metamaterials, cannot realize fast and unidirectional control of the heat flow path. In addition, any defects in thermal conductive materials cause a significant decrease in thermal conductivity, severely degrading heat transfer performance. Here, we demonstrate a new approach to achieve ultrafast unidirectional on-chip heat transfer. Using silicon-based valley photonic crystals (VPCs), we have realized robust unidirectional heat transfer through thermal radiation in the infrared wavelength region. This approach can facilitate heat transfer through arbitrarily designed heat flow paths with near-unity heat transmission efficiency independent of temperature. Furthermore, the design exhibits defect immune heat transfer capability due to the unique properties of VPC structures. It opens new possibilities in heat transfer without the inherent limitations of conventional conductive heat transfer mechanism, which inevitably heats up the entire devices, causing severe performance degradation and energy waste. The design is fully CMOS compatible, thus, will find broad applications, particularly in heat dissipation for integrated optoelectronic devices.