bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Screening for α‐glucosidase inhibitors from Selaginella uncinata based on the ligand fishing combined with ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time‐of‐flight–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Fan Zhiyu , Yang Gangqiang , Wu Xinjie , Yang Yanan , Xu Jinfang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBiflavonoids are naturally occurring compounds consisting of two flavonoid moieties that have received substantial attention from researchers. Although many kinds of biflavonoids are typically distributed in Selaginella uncinata with hypoglycemic effect, their anti‐α‐glucosidase activities are not yet clear. In this study, a ligand fishing strategy for fast screening of α‐glucosidase inhibitors from S. uncinata was proposed. α‐Glucosidase was first immobilized on Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and then the α‐glucosidase–functionalized MNPs were incubated with crude extracts of S. uncinata to fish out the ligands. Furthermore, considering the similarity and easy confusion of the structures of biflavonoids, the fragmentation patterns of different types of biflavonoids were studied. Based on this, 11 biflavonoids ligands with α‐glucosidase inhibitory activities were accurately and quickly identified from S. uncinata with ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time‐of‐flight–tandem mass spectrometry. Furthermore, these ligands were confirmed to be potential inhibitors through the in vitro inhibitory assay and molecular docking.
Distal ureteral calculi in a patient with ileal conduit and urinary diversion treated via antegrade ureteroscopic lithotripsy: A case report
Authors: Eslahi Ali , Salehipour Mehdi , Ahmed Faisal , Askarpour Mohammad Reza , Kiani Sajad , Akrami Firoozeh 
Published: February 2023

AbstractUreteral calculi management in patients with urinary diversion is challenging for most urologists. The surgeon should consider the patient's diversion type, BMI, stone size and location, and his/her experience with the procedure. We report an 85‐year‐old ileal conduit diversion man presented with ureteral calculi and treated via antegrade ureteroscopic lithotripsy.
Spontaneous perforation of primary gastric diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Daoud Rahma , Harbi Houssem , Kallel Rim , Sallemi‐Boudawara Tahya , Kchaou Ali , Boujelbene Salah 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPrimary gastric malignant lymphoma is a rare tumor. The complications associated with lymphoma are perforation, bleeding, or upper gastrointestinal stricture. While it is well known that perforations in gastric lymphoma often occurs during chemotherapy, spontaneous perforation is extremely rare in patients who did not receive chemotherapy. This complication requires a surgical treatment.
Transverse sinus obstruction caused by extradural supra‐infratentorial hydatid cyst: A case report and literature review
Authors: Namvar Mohamad , Sedaghat Pedram , Iranmehr Arad 
Published: February 2023

AbstractApproximately 1–3% of cases of hydatid disease involve the central nervous system (CNS). This study aims to report an extremely rare case of supra‐infratentorially located epidural hydatid cyst with transverse venous sinus obstruction which presented with chronic cerebral vein thrombosis (CVT) signs and symptoms.
Lower leukemia burden maximizes the impact of blinatumomab therapy
Authors: Logan Aaron C. 
Published: February 2023

Queudeville et al. pooled data from five trials in which blinatumomab was employed as a single agent for relapsed/refractory B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and assessed outcomes based on bone marrow blast burden before treatment. They report that across these trials, responses to blinatumomab were superior in those with <50% bone marrow blasts.
Low leukemia burden improves blinatumomab efficacy in patients with relapsed/refractory B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Queudeville Manon , Stein Anthony S. , Locatelli Franco , Ebinger Martin , Handgretinger Rupert , Gökbuget Nicola , Gore Lia , Zeng Yi , Gokani Priya , Zugmaier Gerhard , Kantarjian Hagop M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundA lower baseline bone marrow blast percentage (bBMB%) is associated with better outcomes in patients with B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B‐ALL) receiving blinatumomab. The objective of this analysis was to investigate the association between bBMB% and treatment outcomes in relapsed/refractory (R/R) B‐ALL.MethodsData from five trials of blinatumomab for R/R B‐ALL were pooled for analyses. Patients were placed in one of three groups: group 1, ≥50% bBMBs; group 2, ≥25% to <50% bBMBs; group 3, ≥5% to <25% bBMBs. Response and survival outcomes were compared between groups.ResultsData from 683 patients (166 pediatric, 517 adult) were analyzed. Collectively, patients in groups 2 and 3 had significantly higher odds of achieving a complete remission (CR) (odds ratio [OR], 3.50 [95% confidence interval (CI), 2.23–5.48] and 3.93 [95% CI, 2.50–6.18], respectively; p < .001) and minimal/measurable residual disease response (OR, 2.61 and 3.37, respectively; p < .001) when compared with group 1 (reference). Groups 2 and 3 had a 37% and 46% reduction in the risk of death (hazard ratio [HR], 0.63 and 0.54, respectively; p < .001) and a 41% and 43% reduction in the risk of an event (relapse or death) (HR, 0.59 and 0.57, respectively; p < .001) compared with group 1. No significant differences in response or survival outcomes were observed between groups 2 and 3. Seven of nine patients whose bBMB% was lowered to <50% with dexamethasone achieved CR with blinatumomab.ConclusionAny bBMB% <50% was associated with improved efficacy following blinatumomab treatment for R/R B‐ALL.
Bone marrow niche chemoprotection of metastatic solid tumors mediated by CYP3A4
Authors: Ghiaur Gabriel , Valkenburg Kenneth C. , Esteb Christopher , Ambinder Alexander , Imus Philip H. , Pienta Kenneth J. , Jones Richard J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe bone/bone marrow is one of the most common sites for metastatic solid tumors. Moreover, the tumor microenvironment is an essential part of cancer homeostasis. Previously, it was shown that cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) are present in the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment, particularly in the mesenchymal stroma cells, at levels comparable to those of hepatocytes. It was found that the CYPs play important roles in nurturing and maintaining normal hematopoietic stem cells as well as multiple myeloma and leukemia cells, including protecting them from toxic insults. It was hypothesized that the CYPs in the BM microenvironment might play a similar role in solid tumors metastatic to bone.MethodsThe interaction between the BM microenvironment and malignant cells that routinely metastasize to the bone (lung, breast, and prostate cancer) was modeled. Via genetic engineering and pharmacological approaches, the role of stromal cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) in drug resistance promoted by the BM microenvironment in niche–cancer models in vitro and in vivo was interrogated.ResultsBM stroma protected prostate, breast, and lung cancer cells from cytotoxic chemotherapy. Stromal CYP3A4 was at least partially responsible for this protection in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, inhibiting CYP3A4 with clarithromycin overcame the stroma‐mediated chemoresistance toward prostate, breast, and lung cancer cells.ConclusionsThese results suggest that, similar to observations from hematologic malignancies, the BM microenvironment, through expression of CYPs, creates a sanctuary site from chemotherapy for metastatic solid tumors. Targeting these sanctuaries holds promise for eradicating bone metastasis in solid tumors.
Cardiac arrest caused by coronary occlusion during transcatheter aortic valve implantation: a unique cause
Authors: Gao Xin , Chen Feifei , Jiang Xiaoxiao , Chen Na , Liu Jinqiu , Luan Yong , Yang Guang , Yin Da , Guo Ran 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCoronary artery occlusion (CAO) is a rare but life‐threatening complication of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). The mechanism of CAO is the displacement of the native calcified valve leaflet over the coronary ostium. Here, we report on a woman who experienced sudden cardiac arrest and abrupt CAO during TAVI, which was caused by two different original obstructions, a rupture of aortic plaque or a partial tear of the aortic intima blocking the upper 2/3 of the left main trunk (LMT) ostium, and the transcatheter heart valve (THV) blocking the lower 1/3 of the LMT ostium. She was eventually successfully treated with the chimney stenting technique. Aortography other than coronary angiography was used to ascertain CAO. In patients presenting with abrupt cardiac arrest or cardiogenic shock with LMT occlusion, there must be prompt identification, and the causes of CAO may be various and rare. The identification of CAO relies not only on CAG but also on aortography, especially if the locations and origins of obstructions are special. Supportive therapy with an attempt at percutaneous revascularization is necessary. Pre‐procedural assessment is crucial prior to TAVI interventions. In cases with high risk of CAO, upfront coronary artery protection can be provided.
Thermo‐chemical conversion of pre‐treated cucumber peel
Authors: Tahir Mudassir Hussain , Mubashir Tayyaba , Naseem Khalida , Bashir Maryam , Zhang Yiteng , Farrukh Aftab , Ul Hassan Najam , Irfan Rana Muhammad 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this study, cucumber peel (CP) was treated with Calcium Hydroxide i.e. Ca(OH)2 and its thermal behavior was examined. The pre‐treated cucumber peel (PTCP) was thermally degraded mainly through three steps; first, moisture and light volatile compounds loss (30–132°C); second, primary devolatilization (132 to 337°C) involving intense degradation with mainly re‐formation process and third and final, secondary reactions (337 to 800°C). Lower PTCP activation energy (192.77–183.33 KJ/mol) reflects its easy thermal conversion initiation. The non‐condensable compounds (CO2 & CH4) and condensable products (H2O, CH3CH2OH, CH3COOH, C=C, C6H5OH, HCOOH) were found as 29.75% and 70.25% respectively determined by TG‐FTIR analysis. While, with temperature, relative concentration of condensable compounds decrease significantly and found as 61.38% and 42.5% at lower and higher temperature respectively. By Py/GC–MS analysis, presence of the high energy optimizing compounds and valuable chemicals, i.e. toluene (5.12%), benzene (4.31%) and phenols (27.38%) was confirmed. All these datasets shows that pre‐treatment of CP with Ca(OH)2 might be suitable approach to produce Bioenergy and Bio‐chemicals.
Identification of QTLs and candidate genes for rice seed germinability under low temperature using high‐density genetic mapping and RNA‐seq
Authors: Yang Jing , Chen Aie , Wei Ji , Xu Jifen , Chen Shengnan , Tang Wei , Liu Jing , Wang Hongyang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractReduced temperatures during germination adversely affect rice (Oryza sativa L.) production. Little is known, however, of the genes or genetic loci involved. Here, QTLs were investigated in a recombinant inbred line (RIL) resulting from a 02428 (japonica)‐YZX (indica) cross. The phenotypes of the cultivars differ significantly when exposed to low temperatures during germination. Mapping with a high‐density bin map identified 11 loci associated with low‐temperature germination of which loci 2 and 4 were identified by multiple traits over two seasons. Locus 2 was a major genetic locus, explaining 22.36% of phenotypic variation. The haplotype results showed that the pyramiding of favorable alleles of these two loci was beneficial to improving the rice seeds' low‐temperature germinability. RNA‐seq analysis was performed on the second day of germination at low temperature for both parents. Three DGEs (Os03g0119800, Os03g0120900, and Os03g0121300) were obtained for locus 2 and were confirmed as the most likely candidates by qRT‐PCR verification, gene sequence alignment, and haplotype analysis. Collectively, these quantitative trait loci and candidate genes may be valuable for the breeding of cold‐tolerant rice lines as well as broadening our knowledge of the genetics underlying germination at low temperatures.
Expanding Paid Sick Leave Laws: The Public Health Imperative
Authors: Rothstein Mark A. , Fox Dov 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA key public health measure has received far too little attention over the course of the Covid‐19 pandemic: paid sick leave policies that encourage people at risk of spreading disease to stay home rather than come to work. The United States is one of the only developed countries that fails to guarantee paid sick leave at the federal level, leaving a patchwork of state and private policies that undersupply time off when people are contagious and protect top wage earners at wildly disproportionate rates compared with what workers with lower incomes experience. Other countries have shown that sick leave mandates are neither unjustified burdens on employers nor gratuitous giveaways to employees. In fact, sick leave saves on health care costs by making employees less likely to infect coworkers, to be absent for longer themselves, or to need treatment in expensive hospital emergency departments. Nationally guaranteed sick leave is urgently needed to promote public health.
Public Health at the Kitchen Table: Lessons from the Home HIV Test's Long Road to Approval
Authors: Zuger Abigail 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHome diagnostic testing is becoming part of the modern medical landscape, but many ethical and policy questions remain unresolved. Most of them first surfaced during the long regulatory deliberations over the home HIV test, the first home test for a contagious illness sold in the United States. Between 1989 and 2012, federal regulators and their consultants debated the ideal metrics for such a test, its benefits, and its potential harms for both individuals and communities. Ultimately, two iterations of the home HIV test were marketed in the United States; neither one of them changed the course of the national HIV epidemic, as hoped. This failure has powerful implications for home testing for other contagious diseases.
Justifying Clinical Deception: Some Amendments to Brummett and Salter
Authors: Meyers Christopher 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn Abram Brummett and Erica K. Salter's excellent paper, “Mapping the Moral Terrain of Clinical Deception,” they rightly note that it is sometimes ethically appropriate for health care professionals to deceive patients and families. However, they also note that because doing so violates a prima facie duty of honesty, the ethical burden of proof falls upon the deceiver. Hence, they also provide a sophisticated framework for determining whether any given case is warranted. I applaud their overall approach but also critique some of their claims, in particular, their conclusion that lies of commission require greater justification than those of omission and their conflation of the principles of beneficence and nonmaleficence. I also urge them to give greater attention to how power asymmetries should be accounted for and to the impact such deceptive choices might have on the clinician's character.
Vulnerability, Autonomy, and the Living Organ Donor
Authors: Simpson Christy 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Living Organ Donor as Patient: Theory and Practice, by Lainie Friedman Ross and J. Richard Thistlethwaite, Jr. (Oxford University Press, 2021), offers a stimulating opportunity to consider the ethics of living solid organ donation in more depth. Ross and Thistlethwaite detail a framework of five principles—respect for persons, beneficence, justice, vulnerability, and responsibility—that positions prospective living donors as patients. The authors engage readers by applying these principles across a series of examples, issues, and possibilities, the “practice.” Readers may wish to reflect further on the framework's implications, including those related to vulnerability, power, and social justice (to name a few), particularly as these relate to the “theory” of this book. The book is well worth the read for clinicians, ethicists, and others involved in organ donation and transplantation.
Gross tumor volume margin and local control in p16‐positive oropharynx cancer patients treated with intensity modulated proton therapy
Authors: Pollock Ariel E. , Arons Danielle , Alexander Gregory S. , Alicia David , Birkman Kayla M. , Molitoris Jason K. , Mehra Ranee , Cullen Kevin J. , Hatten Kyle M. , Taylor Rodney J. , Wolf Jeffrey S. , Regine William F. , Witek Matthew E. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo determine if the extent of high‐dose gross tumor volume (GTV) to clinical target volume (CTV) expansion is associated with local control in patients with p16‐positive oropharynx cancer (p16+ OPC) treated with definitive intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT).MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of patients with p16+ OPC treated with IMPT at a single institution between 2016 and 2021. Patients with a pre‐treatment PET–CT and restaging PET–CT within 4 months following completion of IMPT were analyzed.ResultsSixty patients were included for analysis with a median follow‐up of 17 months. The median GTV to CTV expansion was 5 mm (IQR: 2 mm). Thirty‐three percent of patients (20 of 60) did not have a GTV to CTV expansion. There was one local failure within the expansion group (3%).ConclusionExcellent local control was achieved using IMPT for p16+ OPC independent of GTV expansion. IMPT with minimal target expansions represent a potential harm‐minimization technique for p16‐positive oropharynx cancer.
Perceptions and implications for cervical screening and self‐collection: A qualitative exploration of never and under‐screened Queensland women
Authors: Haarsager Jennie , Legerton Paula , DeBats Claire , Austin Glenn , Vardon Paul 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundOver 70% of cervical cancers are detected in women not currently screening. Queensland Health wanted to better understand the drivers of screening to inform our planning and capitalise on self‐collection as an option to reach under‐screened women. In 2020 Queensland Health commissioned qualitative research to explore barriers and enablers to cervical screening with never‐screened and under‐screened women in Queensland (with under‐screeners defined as having last screened more than 4 years ago and being more than 2 years overdue). Additionally, the research explored the acceptability of self‐collection amongst this cohort.MethodsA mixed methods qualitative approach of online focus groups and in‐depth interviews was employed. Online focus groups were conducted with under‐screeners. In‐depth telephone interviews were conducted with never‐screeners due to the anticipated personal nature of their reasons for not screening.ResultsA total of 51 Queensland women aged 30 to 50 years participated in the research.ConclusionsQueensland women cited several negative experiences and aspects of the current program, as well as barriers in their social and personal lives that limited screening intention and behaviour. Barriers and enablers to cervical screening identified in this research have been classified into four categories: structural, knowledge and attitudinal, social, and personal. The research identified more factors associated with nonparticipation than participation. However, the research did uncover a range of potential enablers to encourage screening, some of which related to the program design.So What?The concept of self‐collection was broadly well accepted by research participants, particularly by never‐screeners. Recommendations resulting from this research include communications, systems, and eligibility changes, particularly regarding the availability and benefits of self‐collection.
Conditional relative survival in nonmetastatic esophagogastric cancer between 2006 and 2020: A population‐based study
Authors: Pape Marieke , Kuijper Steven C. , Vissers Pauline A. J. , Ruurda Jelle P. , Neelis Karen J. , van Laarhoven Hanneke W. M. , Verhoeven Rob H. A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractConditional relative survival (CRS) is useful for communicating prognosis to patients as it provides an estimate of the life expectancy after having survived a certain time after treatment. Our study estimates the 3‐year relative survival conditional on having survived a certain period for patients with esophageal or gastric cancer. Patients with nonmetastatic esophageal or gastric cancer diagnosed between 2006 and 2020 treated with curative intent (resection with or without [neo]adjuvant therapy, or chemoradiotherapy) were selected from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. CRS was calculated since resection or last day of chemoradiotherapy. The probability of surviving an additional 3 years (ie, 3‐year CRS), if the patients survived 1, 3 and 5 years after diagnosis was 62%, 79%, 87% and 69%, 84%, 90% for esophageal and gastric cancer, respectively. The 3‐year CRS after having survived 3 years for patients with esophageal cancer who underwent a resection (n = 12 204) was 91%, 88%, 77% and 60% for pathological Stage 0, I, II and III, and for patients with esophageal cancer who received chemoradiotherapy (n = 4158) was 51% and 66% for clinical Stage II and III, respectively. The 3‐year CRS after having survived 3 years for patients with gastric cancer who underwent a resection (n = 6531) was 99%, 90%, 73% and 59% for pathological Stage 0, I, II and III, respectively. Despite poor prognosis of patients with esophageal or gastric cancer, life expectancy increases substantially after patients have survived several years after treatment. Our study provides valuable information for communication of prognosis to patients during follow‐up after treatment.
Caregivers’ positive emotion socialization tendencies are associated with positive affect in preschool age children
Authors: Hill Kaylin E. , Kujawa Autumn , Humphreys Kathryn L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLongstanding theories of emotion socialization postulate that caregiver emotional and behavioral reactions to a child's emotions together shape the child's emotion displays over time. Despite the notable importance of positive valence system function, the majority of research on caregiver emotion socialization focuses on negative valence system emotions. In the current project, we leveraged a relatively large cross‐sectional study of caregivers (N = 234; 93.59% White) of preschool aged children to investigate whether and to what degree, caregiver (1) emotional experiences, or (2) external behaviors, in the context of preschoolers’ positive emotion displays in caregiver–child interactions, are associated with children's general positive affect tendencies. Results indicated that, in the context of everyday caregiver–child interactions, caregiver‐reported positively valenced emotions but not approach behaviors were positively associated with child general positive affect tendencies. However, when examining specific caregiver behaviors in response to everyday child positive emotion displays, caregiver report of narrating the child's emotion and joining in the emotion with their child was positively associated with child general positive affect tendencies. Together, these results suggest that in everyday caregiver–child interactions, caregivers’ emotional experiences and attunement with the child play a role in shaping preschoolers’ overall tendencies toward positive affect.