bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluorine‐Rich Supramolecular Nano‐Container Crosslinked Hydrogel for Lithium Extraction with Super‐High Capacity and Extreme Selectivity
Authors: Yang Liming , Tu Yunyun , Li Hongyu , Zhan Wanli , Hu Huiqin , Wei Yun , Chen Changli , Liu Ketao , Shao Penghui , Li Min , Yang Guang , Luo Xubiao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractExtraction and recovery of lithium from reserves play a critical role in the sustainable development of energy due to the explosive growth of the lithium‐battery market. However, the low efficiency of extraction and recovery seriously threatens the sustainability of lithium supply. In this contribution, we fabricate a novel mechanically robust fluorine‐rich hydrogel, showing highly efficient Li+ extraction from Li‐containing solutions. The hydrogel was facilely fabricated by simple one‐pot polymerization of supramolecular nanosheets of fluorinated monomers, acrylic acid and a small amount of chemical crosslinkers. The hydrogel exhibits a remarkable lithium adsorption capacity (Qm Li+=122.3 mg g−1) and can be reused. Moreover, it can exclusively extract lithium ions from multiple co‐existing metal ions. Notably, the separation of Li+/Na+ in actual wastewater is achieved with a surprising separation factor of 153.72. The detailed characterizations as well as calculation showed that the specific coordination of Li−F plays a central role for both of the striking recovery capability and selectivity for Li+. Furthermore, an artificial device was constructed, displaying high efficiency of extracting lithium in various complex actual lithium‐containing wastewater. This work provides a new and promising avenue for the efficient extraction and recovery of lithium resource from complex lithium‐containing solutions.
Mapping the Progress in Surface Plasmon Resonance Analysis of Phytogenic Silver Nanoparticles with Colorimetric Sensing Applications
Authors: Paul Tamal Krishna , Jalil Mohammad Abdul , Repon Md. Reazuddin , Alim Md. Abdul , Islam Tarekul , Rahman Sheikh Tamjidur , Paul Ayon , Rhaman Mukitur 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNanotechnology is gaining enormous attention as the most dynamic research area in science and technology. It involves the synthesis and applications of nanomaterials in diverse fields including medical, agriculture, textiles, food technology, cosmetics, aerospace, electronics, etc. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been extensively used in such applications due to their excellent physicochemical, antibacterial, and biological properties. The use of plant extract as a biological reactor is one of the most promising solutions for the synthesis of AgNPs because this process overcomes the drawbacks of physical and chemical methods. This review article summarizes the plant‐mediated synthesis process, the probable reaction mechanism, and the colorimetric sensing applications of AgNPs. Plant‐mediated synthesis parameters largely affect the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) characteristic due to the changes in the size and shape of AgNPs. These changes in the size and shape of plant‐mediated AgNPs are elaborately discussed here by analyzing the surface plasmon resonance characteristics. Furthermore, this article also highlights the promising applications of plant‐mediated AgNPs in sensing applications regarding the detection of mercury, hydrogen peroxide, lead, and glucose. Finally, it describes the future perspective of plant‐mediated AgNPs for the development of green chemistry.
Antifouling Brominated Diterpenoids from Japanese Marine Red Alga Laurencia venusta Yamada
Authors: Fukada Ryosuke , Yamagishi Yukimasa , Nagasaka Misaki , Osada Daiki , Nimura Kazumi , Oshima Iori , Tsujimoto Kazuki , Kirihara Masayuki , Takizawa Shinobu , Kikuchi Norio , Ishii Takahiro , Kamada Takashi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe marine red algal genus Laurencia has abundant halogenated secondary metabolites, which exhibit novel structural types and possess various unique biological potentials, including antifouling activity. In this study, we report the isolation, structure elucidation, and antifouling activities of two novel brominated diterpenoids, aplysin‐20 aldehyde (1), 13‐dehydroxyisoaplysin‐20 (2), and its congeners. We screened marine red alga Laurencia venusta Yamada for their antifouling activity against the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Ethyl acetate extracts of L. venusta from Hiroshima and Chiba, Japan, were isolated and purified, and the compound structures were identified using 1D and 2D NMR, HR‐APCI‐MS, IR, and chemical synthesis. Seven secondary metabolites were identified, and their antifouling activities were evaluated. Compounds 1, 2, and aplysin‐20 (3) exhibited strong activities against M. galloprovincialis. Therefore, these compounds can be explored as natural antifouling drugs.
Dynamics of a Polymer Solution Droplet on a High‐Temperature Surface
Authors: Masuda Hayato , Wada Koki , Okumura Shinichiro , Iyota Hiroyuki 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDroplets on a surface with a sufficiently high temperature, exceeding the boiling point of the fluid, are suitable for chemical reactions because they provide a high‐temperature and well‐mixed field. The dynamics of a droplet containing a polymer (xanthan gum) on a high‐temperature surface was investigated. The boiling pattern was successfully classified based on the Ohnesorge number. The viscosity increase caused by polymer addition suppressed deformation during the spreading process after impact. However, at the highest polymer concentration, the central axis of the droplet was inclined, resulting in droplet rotation during bouncing. Consequently, the bouncing height was decreased by a loss in kinetic energy as the energy was partially converted to rotational energy.
Visible Light‐Mediated Cobalt and Photoredox Dual‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Reductive Coupling for Axially Chiral Secondary Alcohols†
Authors: Liang Tianlong , Wu Yingtao , Sun Jiaqiong , Li Mingrui , Zhao Huaqiu , Zhang Jingjing , Zheng Guangfan , Zhang Qian 
Published: July 2023

Comprehensive SummarySecondary alcohols bearing both axial and central chirality comprise attractive biological activity and exhibit excellent chiral induction in asymmetric reactions. However, only very limited asymmetric catalytic approaches were developed for their synthesis. We herein describe visible light‐mediated cobalt‐catalyzed asymmetric reductive Grignard‐type addition of aryl iodides with axially prochiral biaryl dialdehydes leading to the direct construction of axially chiral secondary alcohols. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate that efficient kinetic recognition of diastereomers might occur for axially prochiral dialdehydes to improve the stereoselectivity, which might open a new avenue for the challenging cascade construction of multiple chiral elements. This protocol features excellent enantio‐ and diastereoselectivity, green and mild conditions, simple operation, and broad substrate scope, providing a modular platform for the synthesis of secondary axially chiral alcohols.
The GPR84 molecule is a mediator of a subpopulation of retinal microglia that promote TNF/IL‐1α expression via the rho‐ROCK pathway after optic nerve injury
Authors: Sato Kota , Ohno‐Oishi Michiko , Yoshida Masaaki , Sato Taimu , Aizawa Takaharu , Sasaki Yuto , Maekawa Shigeto , Ishikawa Makoto , Omodaka Kazuko , Kawano Chihiro , Ohue‐Kitano Ryuji , Kimura Ikuo , Nakazawa Toru 
Published: July 2023

AbstractResident microglia are important to maintain homeostasis in the central nervous system, which includes the retina. The retinal microglia become activated in numerous pathological conditions, but the molecular signatures of these changes are poorly understood. Here, using an approach based on FACS and RNA‐seq, we show that microglial gene expression patterns gradually change during RGC degeneration induced by optic nerve injury. Most importantly, we found that the microglial cells strongly expressed Tnf and Il1α, both of which are known to induce neurotoxic reactive astrocytes, and were characterized by Gpr84high‐expressing cells in a particular subpopulation. Moreover, ripasudil, a Rho kinase inhibitor, significantly blunted Gpr84 expression and cytokine induction in vitro and in vivo. Finally, GPR84‐deficient mice prevented RGC loss in optic nerve‐injured retina. These results reveal that Rho kinase‐mediated GPR84 alteration strongly contribute to microglial activation and promote neurotoxicity, suggesting that Rho‐ROCK and GPR84 signaling may be potential therapeutic targets to prevent the neurotoxic microglial phenotype induced by optic nerve damage, such as occurs in traumatic optic neuropathy and glaucoma.
#BookTok's appeal on ninth‐grade students: An inquiry into students' responses on a social media revelation
Authors: Dera Jeroen , Brouwer Susanne , Welling Anna 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOver the last years, the hashtag #BookTok has been viewed more than 100 billion times on TikTok. Hence, both scholars and practitioners have plead for integrating #BookTok in the literacy classroom, expressing the hope that this digital subculture might flip adolescents' conceptions of reading and improve their reading motivation. This article presents the first empirical inquiry into students' evaluations of #BookTok in an educational context. Reporting a survey study among 142 ninth‐grade students in the Netherlands, who were introduced to #BookTok through a compilation video featuring the most popular Dutch #BookTokers, the article shows that the phenomenon especially appeals to students who already read for pleasure frequently. Evaluations by book avoiders, on the other hand, were overwhelmingly negative. Promisingly, though, students who can be described as “book doubters,” who do not read often despite a relatively positive reading attitude, frequently reported an intention to use #BookTok, both in leisurely and educational settings. Hence, the article argues that integrating #BookTok in literacy education might especially serve students fitting the book doubter persona. At the same time, the results underline the importance of differentiation in the literacy classroom, also regarding the use of #BookTok.
A novel heterozygous variant of FOXJ1 in a Chinese female with primary ciliary dyskinesia and hydrocephalus: A case report and literature review
Authors: Gao Shiyang , Zhang Qianwen , Feng Biyun , Gu Shili , Li Zhiying , Sun Lianping , Yao Ru‐en , Yu Tingting , Ding Yu , Wang Xiumin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrimary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a type of ciliary dyskinesia that is usually caused by autosomal recessive inheritance and can manifest as recurrent respiratory infections, bronchiectasis, infertility, laterality defects, and chronic otolaryngological disease. Although ependymal cilia, which affect the flow of cerebrospinal fluid in the central nervous system, have much in common with respiratory cilia in terms of structure and function, hydrocephalus is rarely associated with PCD. Recently, variants of Forkhead box J1 (FOXJ1) have been found to cause PCD combined with hydrocephalus in a de novo, autosomal dominant inheritance pattern.MethodsWe performed DNA extraction, whole‐exome sequencing (WES) analysis, and mutation analysis of FOXJ1 and analyzed the patient's clinical and genetic data.ResultsThe patient was a 4‐year‐old female exhibiting normal growth and development. At 3 years and 2 months of age, the patient experienced hand shaking and weakness in the lower limbs. Cardiac ultrasonography showed a right‐sided heart, and cranial magnetic resonance imaging showed obstructive hydrocephalus. The nasal nitric oxide level was 54 nL/min. WES indicated a de novo, heterozygous variant of FOXJ1, c.734–735 ins20. This variant was novel, not included in the Human Gene Mutation and Genome Aggregation Database, and likely pathogenic according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, causing earlier termination of amino acid translation. The patient underwent a neuroendoscopic third ventriculostomy after the diagnosis of obstructive hydrocephalus. Six months after the operation, the patient's motor deficits had improved.ConclusionThis is the first report of a de novo, autosomal dominant pattern of FOXJ1 causing PCD combined with hydrocephalus in China. The patient's clinical symptoms were similar to those previously reported. WES confirmed that a novel variant of FOXJ1 was the cause of the PCD combined with hydrocephalus, expanding the spectrum of the genotypes associated with this condition. Physicians should be aware of the correlation of hydrocephalus and PCD and test for FOXJ1 variants.
A novel transformer‐based ECG dimensionality reduction stacked auto‐encoders for arrhythmia beat detection
Authors: Ding Chun , Wang Shenglun , Jin Xiaopeng , Wang Zhaoze , Wang Junsong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundElectrocardiogram (ECG) is a powerful tool for studying cardiac activity and diagnosing various cardiovascular diseases, including arrhythmia. While machine learning and deep learning algorithms have been applied to ECG interpretation, there is still room for improvement. For instance, the commonly used Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), reply on its previous state to update and is therefore ineffective for parallel computing. RNN also struggles to efficiently address the issue of long‐distance reliance.PurposeTo reduce computational complexity by dimensionality reduction of ECG signals we constructed a Stacked Auto‐encoders model using Transformer for ECG‐based arrhythmia detection. And overcome the challenges of long‐term dependencies and limited parallelizability in traditional RNNs when applied to ECG signal processing.MethodsIn this paper, a Transformer‐Based ECG Dimensionality Reduction Stacked Auto‐encoders model is proposed for ECG‐based arrhythmia detection. The transformer is used to encode ECG signals into a feature matrix, which is then dimensionally reduced using unsupervised greedy training through the four linear layers. This resulted in a low‐dimensional representation of ECG features, which are subsequently classified using support vector machines (SVM) to minimize overfitting.ResultsThe proposed method is benchmarked on the MIT‐BIH Arrhythmia database. In the 10‐fold cross validation of beat‐based arrhythmia detection, the average accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and F1 score of the proposed method are 99.83%, 98.84%, 99.84% and 99.13%, respectively, for the record‐based arrhythmia detection which refers to the approach where the training and testing sets use ECG data from independent recorded patients are 88.10%, 49.79%, 91.56% and 39.95%, respectively.ConclusionsCompared to other existing ECG‐based arrhythmia detection methods, our proposed approach exhibits improved detection accuracy and stronger generalization for arrhythmia beats. Additionally, the use of the record‐based data division method makes our approach more suitable for clinical practice.
Macrophage Membrane‐Reversibly Cloaked Nanotherapeutics for the Anti‐Inflammatory and Antioxidant Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Shan Bingchen , Zhou Yang , Yin Mengyuan , Deng Yekun , Ge Chenglong , Liu Zhongmin , Zhou Renxiang , Dong Qirong , Zhou Xiaozhong , Yin Lichen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDuring rheumatoid arthritis (RA) development, over‐produced proinflammatory cytokines represented by tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) represented by H2O2 form a self‐promoted cycle to exacerbate the synovial inflammation and tissue damage. Herein, biomimetic nanocomplexes (NCs) reversibly cloaked with macrophage membrane (RM) are developed for effective RA management via dual scavenging of TNF‐α and ROS. To construct the NCs, membrane‐penetrating, helical polypeptide first condenses TNF‐α siRNA (siTNF‐α) and forms the cationic inner core, which further adsorbs catalase (CAT) via electrostatic interaction followed by surface coating with RM. The membrane‐coated NCs enable prolonged blood circulation and active joint accumulation after systemic administration in Zymosan A‐induced arthritis mice. In the oxidative microenvironment of joints, CAT degrades H2O2 to produce O2 bubbles, which shed off the outer membrane layer to expose the positively charged inner core, thus facilitating effective intracellular delivery into macrophages. siRNA‐mediated TNF‐α silencing and CAT‐mediated H2O2 scavenging then cooperate to inhibit inflammation and alleviate oxidative stress, remodeling the osteomicroenvironment and fostering tissue repair. This study provides an enlightened strategy to resolve the blood circulation/cell internalization dilemma of cell membrane‐coated nanosystems, and it renders a promising modality for RA treatment.
Emergence of Decapod iridescent virus 1 in cultured shrimp from Taiwan in 2020
Authors: Yiping Lu , Chien Tu , Chiehhao Wu , Iwen Chen , Mingchu Cheng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study was to identify and characterize Decapod iridescent virus 1 (DIV1) in the outbreaks reported in two whiteleg shrimp farms and one black tiger shrimp farm located in northern Taiwan in 2020.MethodsThe histopathology, electron microscopy and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) specific for the DIV1 were used to identify the virus, and the phylogenetic analysis was performed by comparing the major capsid protein gene fragment of DIV1s from Taiwan with reference sequences of the family Iridoviridae.ResultsDIV1 was identified by diagnostic PCR and caused mild mortality (20%) in cultured Penaeus monodon and high mortality (100%) in cultured whiteleg shrimp. Cultured P. monodon was first found to be infected with DIV1 through natural route of infection. Histopathological examination showed dark‐eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions in the degenerative cells of targeted hematopoietic tissues. For electron microscopy, a non‐enveloped virus particle was observed from homogenates of mixed target organs through negative staining with a diameter of 112±2 nm. Nucleotide sequences of DIV1 isolates from the Taiwanese outbreak are 100% identical to those from the PRC.ConclusionsBased on the clinical evidence, mortality rates, histopathology, electron microscopy examinations and phylogenetic analysis, it is believed that DIV1 is the causative agent of the outbreak. This is the first report of DIV1 in cultured shrimp in Taiwan. The emergence of DIV1 signals a warning to shrimp aquaculture farmers worldwide.
Ultrasound vector flow imaging during veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in a thoracic aorta model
Authors: Yambe Kenichiro , Ishii Takuro , Yiu Billy Y. S. , Yu Alfred C. H. , Endo Tomoyuki , Saijo Yoshifumi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) treatment, the mixing zone is a key hemodynamic factor that determines the efficacy of the treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the applicability of a novel ultrasound technique called vector flow imaging (VFI) for visualizing complex flow patterns in an aorta phantom under VA-ECMO settings. VFI experiments were performed to image aortic hemodynamics under VA-ECMO treatment simulated in an anthropomorphic thoracic aorta phantom using a pulsatile pump (cardiac output: 2.7 L/min) and an ECMO pump with two different flow rates, 0.35 L/min and 1.0 L/min. The cardiac cycle of hemodynamics in the ascending aorta, aortic arch, and descending aorta was visualized, and the spatio-temporal dynamics of flow vectors were analyzed. VFI successfully visualized dynamic flow patterns in the aorta phantom. When the flow rate of the ECMO pump increased, ECMO flow was more dominant than cardiac output in the diastole phase, and the speed of cardiac output was suppressed in the systole phase. Vortex flow patterns were also detected in the ascending aorta and the arch under both ECMO flow rate conditions. The VFI technique may provide new insights into aortic hemodynamics and facilitates effective and safe VA-ECMO treatment.
Green frontrunner or indebted culprit? Assessing Denmark’s climate targets in light of fair contributions under the Paris Agreement
Authors: Tilsted Joachim Peter , Bjørn Anders 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper contributes to academic and policy debates about climate leadership by illustrating an approach to examining national emission reduction targets focusing on Denmark. Widely recognized as a climate leader, Denmark is cherished for both its historical track record and its current climate targets. With a target of 70% emissions reduction by 2030 compared to 1990 stipulated in national law, central actors in Danish policymaking claim that domestic climate policy is aligned with the Paris temperature goals and present Denmark as a ‘green frontrunner.’ We examine the pledges and targets enshrined in the Danish Climate Act in reference to a 1.5 °C global greenhouse gas budget using five different approaches to burden sharing. For all five approaches, we find that the Danish climate target is inadequate given the 1.5 °C goal. Moreover, when only looking at equity approaches for distributive climate justice globally, the Danish target appears drastically insufficient. Denmark is, in this sense, not a green frontrunner but rather an indebted culprit, challenging the dominant narrative in Danish climate policy. Our results thus call into question the premise of the claim of Danish climate leadership, which works to legitimize existing policy and obscure the many dimensions of climate change.
Evaluation of the earthquake monitoring network in Taiwan
Authors: Scudero Salvatore , D’Alessandro Antonino , Figlioli Anna 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this work, we perform an evaluation of the coverage of the earthquake monitoring network of Taiwan. The capability of a general network is a function of an adequate number of optimally distributed nodes. For this case study, the evaluation is performed with a statistical approach which includes descriptive spatial statistics in combination with point pattern techniques. The spatial distribution of the nodes of the earthquake monitoring network is analyzed in comparison with the distribution of seismicity, completeness magnitude, active seismogenic sources, seismic hazard, and population distribution. All these data can be put in relationship with the objectives of an earthquake monitoring network; therefore, they can be used, in turn, to retrieve information about the consistency of the network itself. In particular, we investigate the “Real-time Seismic Monitoring Network” and the “Strong-Motion Earthquake Observation Network,” each one characterized by its own objectives, and therefore respectively compared with external information related to their purposes such as seismicity, seismogenic sources, seismic hazard, and population distribution. This simple and reliable approach reveals the high quality of the networks established in Taiwan. In general, it is able to provide quantitative information on the coverage of any type of network, identifying possible critical areas and addressing their future development.