bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Robotic Assisted Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy: SP versus XI, a Single Surgeon Experience
Authors: Roy Samit Sunny , Sathe Aditya A. , Watson Matthew J. , Singh Amar 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction Currently there is a paucity of data regarding Single Port (SP) robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP). Our objective was to compare our single-institution single-surgeon SP RALP experience to our XI RALP experience with regards to patient selection, perioperative data, and outcomes. Methods Patients who underwent prostatectomy at our institution between August 2019 to April 2021 were selected for analysis. All patients had biopsy confirmed prostate cancer. All surgeries were performed by one urologist at our institution to limit inter-surgeon variability. Demographic and clinical information were extracted from the medical record in standardized fashion. All documented classifications were graded using the Clavien-Dindo classification system. Patients with previous prostate cancer therapies were excluded. Categorical variables were compared using Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test where appropriate. Continuous variables were compared using t-tests or Wilcoxon rank sum tests where appropriate. Results: Complete records were available for 208 patients. Of the total patient population 127 (61.1%) underwent SP prostatectomy compared to 81 (38.9%) underwent XI prostatectomy. There was no significant difference between the two cohorts in terms of mean age (65 vs. 66 years; p = 0.60), BMI (29.2 vs 30.1; p = 0.22), preop ASA score > = 3 (68.5% vs. 64.2%; p = 0.52), or preop PSA (7.1 vs. 7.4, p = 0.94). There no difference in procedure time for SP prostatectomy (170 vs. 168 min, p = 0.035), estimated blood loss (100 vs. 100 mL; p = 0.14), or average length of stay (1 vs. 1 days; p = 0.22). There was a significant difference in Gleason grade group between the two cohorts with patients undergoing XI RALRP more likely to have higher stage disease (p = 0.025) and a trend towards higher D’Amico risk scores in the XI group (p = 0.053). There was no difference in rate of positive surgical margins (29.9% vs. 29.6%; p = 0.96). There was no difference in the distribution of complications between the two groups (p = 0.99) with 89% of patients having no complication. There was no difference in the number of lymph nodes removed by modality (p = 0.94). Conclusions: To date, this study represents one of the largest cohorts of patients who underwent SP RALP. Importantly, it is among the first studies comparing perioperative variables between the SP and XI platforms. As surgeons become more facile with the SP system there appear to minimal differences in patient factors, perioperative results, or outcomes between the platforms. These findings provide evidence that surgeons who are competent on the XI platform can confidently perform SP RALPs through a single incision without compromising outcomes.
Computational studies of closely related 2-cyanopyrimidine, pyrimidine-2-carboximidamide and 2,4,6-tris(2-pyrimidyl)-1,3,5-triazine with a potency against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Taskin-Toka Tigba , Safin Damir 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
2-Cyanopyrimidine (2-CN-Pym), pyrimidine-2-carboximidamide (Pym-2-cia) and 2,4,6-tris(2-pyrimidyl)-1,3,5-triazine (TPymT), which are related to each other through chemical transformations from 2-CN-Pym through Pym-2-cia to TPymT, were computationally studied. The strcutures of all the reported compounds were optimized by the DFT calculations to reveal their fine features (electronic and optical). ADMET properties of 2-CN-Pym, Pym-2-cia and TPymT were also predicted using a set of on-line tools (SwissADME, BOILED-Egg and ProTox-II). Potential inhibition activity of 2-CN-Pym, Pym-2-cia and TPymT toward a series of the SARS-CoV-2 proteins was studied using a molecular docking approach, which revealed that both 2-CN-Pym and Pym-2-cia are the best inhibitors of RdRp-RNA, while TPymT exhibits the best activity toward nonstructural protein 14 (N7-MTase).
A Geostatistical Predictive Modeling of Ground Water Salinity Contamination in Shallow Coastal Aquifers, South Texas
Authors: Khan Riaz Hossain 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Annual water chemistry data from the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers were analyzed for thirty wells. Data included both historical and recent observations collected between 1965 and 2013. Unique positive and negative correlations between different water chemistry parameters suggest that the hydro-geochemical processes operating in these two aquifers differ significantly. In principal component analyses, the first three principal components explain 81% of the total variation of groundwater chemistry. Factor 1 versus Factor 2 in rotated factor pattern reveals the variation in ground water salinity. Assuming that the Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) value is a good indicator of salinity distribution, multiple regression models were calibrated to determine the relative influences of major ions on observed TDS values. The coefficient of determination, R2 and Akaike information criterion (AICc) indicate how well data fit a statistical model. Selected multiple regression models for both aquifers were significantly capable of predicting TDS variations considering multiple R2 and AICc values. Linear regression model salinity predictions for the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers had accuracies of 78% and 43% respectively. The selected models might be further improved by resampling the dataset, and reducing underestimation, without losing model prediction precision significantly; thereby reducing the standard error, and improving the models’ diagnostic plots.
Inflammation induced by tumor-associated nerves promotes resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy in cancer patients and is targetable by IL-6 blockade
Authors: Amit Moran , Baruch Erez , Nagarajan Priyadahrshini , Gleber-Netto Frederico , Rao Xiayu , Xie Tongxin , Akhter Shamima , Adewale Adebayo , Islam Shajedul , Mattson Brandi , Ferrarotto Renata , Wong Michael , Davies Michael , Jindal Sonali , Basu Sreyashi , Harwood Catherine , Leigh Irene , Ajami Nadim , Futreal Andrew , Castillo Micah , Gunarante Preethi , Goepfert Ryan , Khushalani Nikhil , Wang Jing , Watowich Stephanie , Calin George , Migden Michael , Vermeer Paola , D’Silva Nisha , Yaniv Dan , Burks Jared , Gomez Javier , Dougherty Patrick , Tsai Kenneth , Allison James , Sharma Padmanee , Wargo Jennifer , Myers Jeffrey , Gross Neil 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
While the nervous system has reciprocal interactions with both cancer and the immune system, little is known about the potential role of tumor associated nerves (TANs) in modulating anti-tumoral immunity. Moreover, while peri-neural invasion is a well establish poor prognostic factor across cancer types, the mechanisms driving this clinical effect remain unknown. Here, we provide clinical and mechniastic association between TANs damage and resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy. Using electron microscopy, electrical conduction studies, and tumor samples of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) patients, we showed that cancer cells can destroy myelin sheath and induce TANs degeneration. Multi-omics and spatial analyses of tumor samples from cSCC patients who underwent neoadjuvant anti-PD-1 therapy demonstrated that anti-PD-1 non-responders had higher rates of peri-neural invasion, TANs damage and degeneration compared to responders, both at baseline and following neoadjuvant treatment. Tumors from non-responders were also characterized by a sustained signaling of interferon type I (IFN-I) – known to both propagate nerve degeneration and to dampen anti-tumoral immunity. Peri-neural niches of non-responders were characterized by higher immune activity compared to responders, including immune-suppressive activity of M2 macrophages, and T regulatory cells. This tumor promoting inflammation expanded to the rest of the tumor microenvironment in non-responders. Anti-PD-1 efficacy was dampened by inducing nerve damage prior to treatment administration in a murine model. In contrast, anti-PD-1 efficacy was enhanced by denervation and by interleukin-6 blockade. These findings suggested a potential novel anti-PD-1 resistance drived by TANs damage and inflammation. This resistance mechanism is targetable and may have therapeutic implications in other neurotropic cancers with poor response to anti-PD-1 therapy such as pancreatic, prostate, and breast cancers.
Spatial distribution and source apportionment of surface soil’s polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Yangtze River Delta
Authors: Wang Teng , Chen Shenjie , Liu Rongze , Liu Dongxiang , Fang Yining 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Soil acts as a crucial reservoir for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the environment, and its PAH content serves as a significant indicator of regional PAH pollution. In this study, 53 surface soil samples were collected from the Yangtze River Delta region and monitored for the 16 priority PAHs. The pollution of PAHs in soil was analyzed at different separation levels. The total PAH content (ΣPAHs) in surface soils of the Yangtze River Delta region was found to be 2326.01 ± 2901.53 ng/g, with high-ring PAHs, composed of PAHs with 4–6 rings, accounting for 85.50% of the total. The pollution level of soil PAHs in Jiangsu Province (2651.92 ± 3242.87 ng/g) was significantly higher than that of Zhejiang Province (2001.44 ± 2621.71 ng/g) and Shanghai (1669.13 ± 1758.34 ng/g), and high-ring PAHs constituted a predominant portion in these three regions. There was no significant difference in PAH content between urban and rural areas. In different functional areas, the content of PAHs in soil followed a pattern of automobile stations > commercial areas > residential areas > railway stations. The primary factors influencing the distribution of soil PAHs in the study area were the duration of urbanization exposure (r = 0.753, p < 0.01) and soil organic carbon content (r = 0.452, p < 0.01). The PMF model was used to analyze the sources of PAHs in the surface soil of the Yangtze River Delta, revealing that biomass and coal combustion sources (60.19%), and traffic emissions and coal combustion sources (31.82%), were the primary sources of PAHs in the region.
The in silico identification of novel broad-spectrum antidotes for poisoning by organophosphate anticholinesterases
Authors: Habiballah Sohaib , Chambers Janice , Meek Edward , Reisfeld Brad 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Because of their potential to cause serious adverse health effects, significant efforts have been made to develop antidotes for organophosphate (OP) anticholinesterases, such as nerve agents. To be optimally effective, antidotes must not only reactivate inhibited target enzymes, but also have the ability to cross the blood brain barrier (BBB). Progress has been made toward brain-penetrating acetylcholinesterase reactivators through the development of a new group of substituted phenoxyalkyl pyridinium oximes. To help in the selection and prioritization of compounds for future synthesis and testing within this class of chemicals, and to identify candidate broad-spectrum molecules, an in silico framework was developed to systematically generate structures and screen them for reactivation efficacy and BBB penetration potential.
Extinction of light in the Galactic halo - First observational evidence of the interaction of light and dark matter
Authors: III Charles H. McGruder 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We study the distribution of quasars on the celestial sphere according to ground-based SDSS and space-based WISE and Gaia observations. All distributions as a function of galactic latitude, b, exhibit a decrease in quasar frequency well outside the dust in and near the galactic plane. We prove that the observed decrease in quasar frequency at high galactic latitudes is not accompanied by reddening, meaning that it can not be caused by dust. The scattering of light by the circumgalactic gas is negligible because the Thomson scattering cross section is very small. We conclude the observed scattering of light must be caused by dark matter in the galactic halo. We determine the mass and charge of dark
matter particles. If the dark matter particle is a fermion its mass, mDM and charge eDM = δe, where e is the elementary charge are: mDM = 3.2 × 10−2 eV and δ = 3.856 × 10−5. If however the dark matter particle is spinless then: mDM = 0.511 eV and δ = 2.132 × 10−4. These values for the charge of a dark matter particle are orders of magnitude higher than the upper limit of the neutrino charge according to laboratory experiments. Consequently, dark matter particles are not charged neutrinos. Since dark matter particles are charged, they must emit and absorb electromagnetic radiation. However, PDM ∼ δ2, or: PDM ∼ 1.487 × 10−9Pe, where Pe is the power output of a single electron.
Numerical approximation of the two-species Shigesada-Kawasaki-Teramoto model
Authors: Al-Musawi Ghufran A. , Harfash Akil J. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

In this article, the finite element approximation of the two-species Shigesada-Kawasaki-Teramoto model, with cross-diffusion for one species, is studied. In the beginning, the regularized problem of the model and the entropy proof of the regularized problem were presented. Also, an approxi- mation of the regularized problem using the finite element method was introduced. A number of bounds were found in different spaces for approximate solutions. In addition, depending on the bounds that are obtained, the convergence of the approximate problem to the weak form of the problem was studied, and thus the existence of solutions to the Shigesada-Kawasaki-Teramoto model was proved. Also, a practical algorithm for solving the approximate problem was presented and used to calculate the numerical results of the problem.
Does magnetic field and music keep effect on the growth and yield of trees?
Authors: Mojumder Ratul Krishna 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Trees are very sensitive. Through this research we have tried to find out what effect the magnetic and music have on the growth and yield of trees? To find out this, we applied magnetic field and music to some plants and we noticed the reaction by observing this process. We have observed that the plants that are kept in magnetic field and musical environment, their growth and yield more or less than the which are kept in a normal environment. We did the research without any inorganic or chemical process to increase plant growth. We expedited this process on some rose plants. We totally expedited this process on 20 rose plants. We distributed them in 4 environmental systems. We provided them water, nutrition and sun ray. After few days, we noticed that the initial results were that the plants which are kept in magnetic field and musical environment had more growth than the plants which are kept in the natural environment. We have also noticed that magnetic field has more impact on the growth and yield of trees than music. Preliminary results have led us to conclude that the magnetic field and music play an important role in the growth and yield of plants. The combined results of the two will be more
Effect of dissimilarity of N and mass flow rate on yearly overall energy, exergy, and efficiency of PVT-FPC included dual-slope solar desalting units
Authors: Krishna Hari , Singh Jeeoot , Dwivedi Vijay Kumar , Singh Desh Bandhu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

This research paper investigates the impact of variation in the number of collectors (N) and mass flow rate (ṁfr) on yearly overall energy, exergy, and efficiency of a dual-slope solar desalting unit incorporated with N number of photovoltaic thermal flat plate collectors (NPVT-FPC-DSU). The denouement of this research work will be useful for the designer and installer of such a system in deciding the number of collectors according to the requirement. An exhaustive calculation is carried out considering all four kinds of climatic conditions in each month of the year for the weather of New Delhi, India. Fundamental equations of NPVT-FPC-DSU and all pertinent sets of values have been dined to the data processing code developed in MATLAB to estimate annual freshwater production, energy, thermal and electrical exergies, overall energy, exergy, and efficiency. Finally, values of these parameters except annual overall electrical energy recede with the augmentation in ṁfr value, and they become approximately constant exceeding ṁfr value of 0.10 kg/s. Conversely, an increase in the values of the above-mentioned parameters has been obtained with the increase in the value of N. Moreover, the optimum value of N is found to be 4 and 8 from yearly overall energy and exergy efficiency viewpoints, respectively.
Effects of ceramsite derived from sewage sludge combined with the O3–FeCl3/PAM process on the dewatering of waste-activated sludge and investigation of dewatering mechanisms
Authors: Xia Ting , Zhang Xu , Chen Dongjie , Gao Zaizhuang , Ji Yuxiao , Xia Jianjun , Wang Lei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

The high water content of waste-activated sludge restricts the subsequent disposal of sludge. The dehydration properties of O3, ferric chloride (FeCl3)/polyacrylamide, and sludge ceramsite sand (SCS) were studied. Simultaneously, the effect of combining the three was investigated to support the deep dehydration of waste-activated sludge. Experimental results showed that with13.42 mg/(g dry solids (DS)) of O3, 109.89 mg/(g DS) of FeCl3, and 100 mesh dosage of 70% DS of sludge ceramsite on weight, the highest sludge net yield was 7.13 kg/(m2·h) and the minimum specific resistance to filtration of sludge cake was 1.02 × 1012 (m/kg). Compared with the compressibility of the raw sludge, the compressibility of the sludge cake decreased by 37.48%. Moreover, the YN (net yield) increased by 73.55%. The results demonstrate that the structure of cracking, flocculation, and hydrophobic framework is the mechanism of sludge dewatering in this combined process. This combined treatment process provides a new perspective for the realization of deep dewatering of sludge and is anticipated to be a successful sludge dehydration method.
Daily runoff prediction during flood seasons based on the VMD–HHO–KELM model
Authors: Zhang Xianqi , Liu Fang , Yin Qiuwen , Wang Xin , Qi Yu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Improving the accuracy of daily runoff in the lower Yellow River is important for flood control and reservoir scheduling in the lower Yellow River. Influenced by factors such as meteorology, climate change, and human activities, runoff series present non-stationary and non-linear characteristics. To weaken the non-linearity and non-smoothness of runoff time series and improve the accuracy of daily runoff prediction, a new combined runoff prediction model (VMD–HHO–KELM) based on the ensemble Variational Modal Decomposition (VMD) algorithm and Harris Hawk Optimisation (HHO) algorithm-optimised Kernel Extreme Learning Machine (KELM) is proposed and applied to Gaocun and Lijin hydrological stations. The VMD–HHO–KELM model has the highest prediction accuracy, with the prediction model R2 reaching 0.95, mean absolute error reaching 13.3, and root mean square error reaching 33.83 at the Gaocun hydrological station, and R2 reaching 0.96, mean absolute error reaching 8.03, and root mean square error reaching 38.45 at the Lijin hydrological station.
The Fulcrum of Demyelination in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Ganesan Abinaya , Muralidharan Pooja , Ramya Lakshmi Narasimhan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder that affects the central nervous system (CNS), including the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. The symptoms can vary from muscle weakness to vision loss. In the case of MS, the immune system attacks the myelin sheath, which protects the nerve fiber and causes inflammation resulting in demyelination. The myelin sheath has the composition of various proteins including membrane proteins and glycoproteins. The four main proteins namely Myelin Basic Protein (MBP), Myelin associated Oligodendrocyte Basic protein (MOBP), Myelin Proteolipid Protein (PLP) and Myelin Associated Glycoprotein (MAG) are known to be critical auto-antigens in causing demyelination in CNS leading to MS. Three out of these four proteins are intrinsically disordered proteins and in this review, we attempted to understand how these proteins play a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of myelin, by exploring its structural and functional aspects and also their auto-antigenicity leading to multiple sclerosis.
Natural Compounds Synthesis: A Perspective of Modern Chemistry
Authors: Ortiz Aurelio , Sansinenea Estibaliz 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
Natural products have been created by nature and are derived from organisms such as
plants or microorganisms. The natural compounds are isolated from natural sources in very small
quantities, making it difficult for the form to achieve the compounds' good yields. The last is relevant
for doing biological essays and chemical structure elucidation. Besides, they have diverse chemical
structures, which have inspired organic chemists to do their organic synthesis. It is important to construct
a strategy based on a well-designed retrosynthesis. The reproducibility of the selected methodology,
the yields of the compounds of each step and stereoselectivity or diastereoselectivity of the reactions
that are being used are the main key points to guarantee the success of a natural compound
synthesis. Modern technologies can be the solution. In this review, we try to compile in the form of a
critic perspective the most modern techniques that organic chemists are applying for the synthesis of
complex natural compounds.
Therapeutic Potential of Myricetin in the Treatment of Neurological,
Neuropsychiatric, and Neurodegenerative Disorders
Authors: Sethiya Neeraj Kumar , Ghiloria Neha , Srivastav Akanksha , Bisht Dheeraj , Chaudhary Sushil Kumar , Walia Vaibhav , Alam Md. Sabir 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
Myricetin (MC), 3,5,7,3′,4′,5′-hexahydroxyflavone, chemically belongs to a flavonoid category
known to confer antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and neuroprotective effects. MC is
known to suppress the generation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), lipid peroxidation (MDA), and
inflammatory markers. It has been reported to improve insulin function in the human brain and periphery.
Besides this, it modulates several neurochemicals including glutamate, GABA, serotonin, etc. MC
has been shown to reduce the expression of the enzyme Mono Amine Oxidase (MAO), which is
responsible for the metabolism of monoamines. MC treatment reduces levels of plasma corticosterone
and restores hippocampal BDNF (full form) protein in stressed animals. Further, MC has shown its
protective effect against amyloid-beta, MPTP, rotenone, 6-OHDA, etc. suggesting its potential role
against neurodegenerative disorders. The aim of the present review is to highlight the therapeutic
potential of MC in the treatment of several neurological, neuropsychiatric, and neurodegenerative
disorders.