bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Xylem embolism and bubble formation during freezing suggest complex dynamics of pressure in Betula pendula stems
Authors: Charra-Vaskou Katline , Lintunen Anna , Améglio Thierry , Badel Eric , Cochard Hervé , Mayr Stefan , Salmon Yann , Suhonen Heikki , van Rooij Mahaut , Charrier Guillaume 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Freeze–thaw-induced embolism, a key limiting factor for perennial plants results from the formation of gas bubbles during freezing and their expansion during thawing. However, the ice volumetric increase generates local pressures, which can affect the formation of bubbles. To characterize local dynamics of pressure tension and the physical state of the sap during freeze–thaw cycles, we simultaneously used ultrasonic acoustic emission analysis and synchrotron-based high-resolution computed tomography on the diffuse-porous species Betula pendula. Visualization of individual air-filled vessels and the distribution of gas bubbles in frozen xylem were performed.. Ultrasonic emissions occurred after ice formation, together with bubble formation, whereas the development of embolism took place after thawing. The pictures of frozen tissues indicated that the positive pressure induced by the volumetric increase of ice can provoke inward flow from the cell wall toward the lumen of the vessels. We found no evidence that wider vessels within a tissue were more prone to embolism, although the occurrence of gas bubbles in larger conduits would make them prone to earlier embolism. These results highlight the need to monitor local pressure as well as ice and air distribution during xylem freezing to understand the mechanism leading to frost-induced embolism.
Stellar halo substructure generated by bar resonances
Authors: Dillamore Adam M , Belokurov Vasily , Evans N Wyn , Davies Elliot Y 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Using data from the Gaia satellite’s Radial Velocity Spectrometer Data Release 3 (RVS, DR3), we find a new and robust feature in the phase-space distribution of halo stars. It is a prominent ridge at constant energy and with angular momentum Lz &gt; 0. We run test particle simulations of a stellar halo-like distribution of particles in a realistic Milky Way potential with a rotating bar. We observe similar structures generated in the simulations from the trapping of particles in resonances with the bar, particularly at the corotation resonance. Many of the orbits trapped at the resonances are halo like, with large vertical excursions from the disc. The location of the observed structure in energy space is consistent with a bar pattern speed in the range Ωb ≈ 35−40 km s−1 kpc−1. Overall, the effect of the resonances is to give the inner stellar halo a mild, net spin in the direction of the bar’s rotation. As the distribution of the angular momentum becomes asymmetric, a population of stars with positive mean Lz and low vertical action is created. The variation of the average rotational velocity of the simulated stellar halo with radius is similar to the behaviour of metal-poor stars in data from the APOGEE survey. Though the effects of bar resonances have long been known in the Galactic disc, this is strong evidence that the bar can drive changes even in the diffuse and extended stellar halo through its resonances.
Stochastic gravitational wave background constraints from Gaia DR3 astrometry
Authors: Jaraba Santiago , García-Bellido Juan , Kuroyanagi Sachiko , Ferraiuolo Sarah , Braglia Matteo 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTAstrometric surveys can be used to constrain the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) at very low frequencies. We use proper motion data provided by Gaia DR3 to fit a generic dipole+quadrupole field. We analyse several quasar-based data sets and discuss their purity and idoneity to set constraints on gravitational waves. For the cleanest data set, we derive an upper bound on the (frequency-integrated) energy density of the SGWB $h_{70}^2\Omega _{\rm GW}\lesssim 0.087$ for 4.2 × 10−18 Hz ≲ f ≲ 1.1 × 10−8 Hz. We also reanalyse previous VLBI-based data to set the constraint $h_{70}^2\Omega _{\rm GW}\lesssim 0.024$ for 5.8 × 10−18 Hz ≲ f ≲ 1.4 × 10−9 Hz under the same formalism, standing as the best astrometric constraint on GWs. Based on our results, we discuss the potential of future Gaia data releases to impose tighter constraints.
Mechanism of the extremely high duplex-forming ability of oligonucleotides modified with N-tert-butylguanidine- or N-tert-butyl-N′- methylguanidine-bridged nucleic acids
Authors: Yamaguchi Takao , Horie Naohiro , Aoyama Hiroshi , Kumagai Shinji , Obika Satoshi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) are becoming a promising class of drugs for treating various diseases. Over the past few decades, many modified nucleic acids have been developed for application to ASOs, aiming to enhance their duplex-forming ability toward cognate mRNA and improve their stability against enzymatic degradations. Modulating the sugar conformation of nucleic acids by substituting an electron-withdrawing group at the 2′-position or incorporating a 2′,4′-bridging structure is a common approach for enhancing duplex-forming ability. Here, we report on incorporating an N-tert-butylguanidinium group at the 2′,4′-bridging structure, which greatly enhances duplex-forming ability because of its interactions with the minor groove. Our results indicated that hydrophobic substituents fitting the grooves of duplexes also have great potential to increase duplex-forming ability.
Tobacco Constituents, Flavorants, and Paper Permeability of Factory-Made and Roll-Your-Own Cigarettes on the Australian Market
Authors: Haynes Ashleigh , Winnall Wendy R , Brennan Emily , Dunstone Kimberley , Benowitz Neal L , Ashley David L , Samet Jonathan M , Hatsukami Dorothy K , Wakefield Melanie A 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Roll-your-own (RYO) tobacco is a popular choice in Australia, with some people who smoke finding these products more attractive than factory-made cigarettes (FMC). Differences in visual and tactile properties and in the feel and taste of the smoke may contribute to this attractiveness. These differences may be driven by variation in tobacco constituents and wrapping paper permeability. However, to date, there has been no comparison of RYO and FMC products on the Australian market.

Aims and Methods
Chemical constituents, pH, flavorants, and paper permeability were compared in unburned RYO tobacco and tobacco from FMC. RYO and FMC products from matched brands were compared, as were products from the most popular FMC and RYO brands on the Australian market in 2018.

Results
RYO tobacco had higher moisture and humectant content (glycerol and propylene glycol) than FMC tobacco. RYO tobacco also had higher amounts of total and reducing sugars and lower nicotine when comparing the most popular brands. RYO papers were less permeable than FMC papers. Both RYO and FMC tobacco contained many chemicals identified as flavorants, including fourteen with known potential health risks. For most measured constituents and flavorants, RYO tobaccos had more in common with other RYO than FMC, with the commonalities remaining even when matched brands were compared.

Conclusions
Higher levels of moisture, humectants, and sugars in Australian RYO tobacco compared to FMC may be increasing attractiveness of RYO by reducing the harsh taste of the smoke and increasing the moist feel of the tobacco.

Implications
While price is the main factor driving the use of RYO tobacco, some people who smoke find these products more attractive. This study has shown that Australian RYO tobacco contains higher amounts of glycerol, propylene glycol, and sugars than FMC. These chemicals may be improving the taste of the tobacco, as well as creating a moist feel that is falsely perceived as indicating that the tobacco is “fresh” and “less chemically.” Ironically, it may be that higher amounts of some added chemicals in RYO contribute to false perceptions of a more natural and less harmful product.
Beyond the Fire of Attrition
Authors: Craig-McFeely Julia 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Digital images of manuscripts are primarily used today in much the same way as hardcopy research surrogates have been used since photography was introduced, allowing researchers to examine a manuscript page repeatedly and in detail without handling the book. This chapter explores the use of forensic musicology in the digital medium as a way of reconstructing lost manuscript content, focusing primarily on the Sadler Partbooks (Oxford, Bodleian Library MSS Mus. e. 1–5) as a case study. It examines the use of various surrogates as an aid to reconstructing a corpus. The chapter is both a case study and an introductory guide for those interested in the intersection of digital retrieval with archival and manuscript research.
Remaking Marathi
Authors: Deshpande Prachi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This chapter critically examines Mahārāṣhṭra Sāraswat (1898), by Vinayak Lakshman (V. L.) Bhave, the first comprehensive history of Marathi literature. Several regional languages across the subcontinent—glossed as deshī languages or deshbhāṣhā—were located in history via literary histories or historical linguistics over the later 19th century. Such pioneering narratives were crucial for assembling the literary field within particular languages and establishing terms of debate over genre, register, and categories of analysis. They were culminations of efforts by colonial and first-generation Western-educated Indian writers to engage with language as a historical category and to narrativize centuries of textuality in orality and manuscript as it unevenly entered print and the colonial public sphere. This chapter revisits the making of Bhave’s pioneering history and narrativization of the Marathi literary corpus for literary debates and analysis over the 20th century and the making of Marathi literary modernism. It argues that Bhave’s engagement with the idea of literariness through the category Saraswat enabled an expansive, chronological archiving of Marathi literature. In addition, his framing of Marathi’s evolutionary history and the overarching themes of authenticity and rootedness, in particular, are key to understanding the endurance of these concerns in the contemporary Marathi literary and political sphere.
Legal Evidence
Authors: Todd S. C. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Legal evidence from the classical Greek world is significantly more disparate than for Roman law. This is partly a function of the political independence of Greek city states, each in principle forming its own jurisdiction. Perhaps more important, however, is the absence of a tightly defined corpus of legal writings of the type found in Roman law, which therefore raises additional questions about what counts as Greek legal evidence. Geographically, the sources discussed in this chapter come mainly from Athens and from the Cretan city of Gortyn, with some mention also of Sparta. The juridical scope includes not just ‘laws’ in the sense of legal statutes or statements about their content, but also records and reports of activities such as litigation, and of transactions or behaviours designed to have legal force. The material context comprises a range both of literary texts (particularly but not only oratory) and of inscriptions, though not papyri.
Larger hypothalamic volume in narcolepsy type 1
Authors: Juvodden Hilde T , Alnæs Dag , Lund Martina J , Agartz Ingrid , Andreassen OIe A , Server Andres , Thorsby Per M , Westlye Lars T , Knudsen Heier Stine 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Study Objectives
Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is a neurological sleep disorder. Postmortem studies have shown 75%–90% loss of the 50 000–70 000 hypocretin-producing neurons and 64%–94% increase in the 64 000–120 000 histaminergic neurons and conflicting indications of gliosis in the hypothalamus of NT1 patients. The aim of this study was to compare MRI-based volumes of the hypothalamus in patients with NT1 and controls in vivo.

Methods
We used a segmentation tool based on deep learning included in Freesurfer and computed the volume of the whole hypothalamus, left/right part of the hypothalamus, and 10 hypothalamic subregions. We included 54 patients with post-H1N1 NT1 (39 females, mean age 21.8 ± 11.0 years) and 114 controls (77 females, mean age 23.2 ± 9.0 years). Group differences were tested with general linear models using permutation testing in Permutation Analysis of Linear Models and evaluated after 10 000 permutations, yielding two-tailed P-values. Furthermore, a stepwise Bonferroni correction was performed after dividing hypothalamus into smaller regions.

Results
The analysis revealed larger volume for patients compared to controls for the whole hypothalamus (Cohen’s d = 0.71, p = 0.0028) and for the left (d = 0.70, p = 0.0037) and right part of the hypothalamus (d = 0.65, p = 0.0075) and left (d = 0.72, p = 0.0036) and right tubular-inferior (d = 0.71, p = 0.0037) hypothalamic subregions.

Conclusions
In conclusion, patients with post-H1N1 NT1 showed significantly larger hypothalamic volume than controls, in particular in the tubular-inferior subregions which could reflect several processes as previous studies have indicated neuroinflammation, gliosis, and changes in the numbers of different cell types.
Fire management effects on ruminal digestibility and in vitro methane emissions of subtropical rangeland plant species
Authors: Cardoso Abmael S , Silveira Maria L , Vendramini Joao M B , Moriel Philipe , Kohmann Marta M , Silva Hiran M S , Izquierdo Vinicius , Lima Lais O , Lage Filho Nauara M , Silva Joao V L , Sanchez Joao M D 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Prescribed fire is a common management practice used to manipulate rangeland plant productivity and composition. Although the nutritive value of most herbaceous plant species is considered poor for grazing animals, native rangelands in Florida are an important source of forage for livestock, especially during the winter months, when the productivity of cultivated perennial warm-season pastures is limited. This study evaluated the effects of prescribed fire on methanogenic potential and nutritive value of selected native rangeland plant species. Treatments were a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement of plant species (creeping bluestem [Schizachyrium scoparium var. stoloniferum {Nash} Wipff], wiregrass [Aristida stricta {Michx.}], or saw palmetto [Serenoa repens {W. Bartram} Small]) and prescribed fire management [2 yr after burning (control) vs. 1 yr after burning (burned)] distributed in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Samples were analyzed for crude protein (CP), neutral detergent undigestible fiber (NDF), in vitro methane production, and in situ ruminal disappearance. Prescribed fire generally increased forage CP and DM effective degradability relative to control; however, no effect was observed on saw palmetto. Wiregrass had the least CP concentration in both burned (8.5%) and control (2.3%). In burned treatments, creeping bluestem and palmetto had greater DM effective degradability (62% and 58%) than wiregrass (53%). Fire increased in vitro gas production by 60 (creeping bluestem) to 90% (wiregrass) relative to control treatments. No effect of fire on methane production was observed for any of the plant species evaluated in this study. Creeping bluestem had the greatest methane production (12.5 mg/g DM), followed by wiregrass (5.3 mg/g DM) and saw palmetto (1.4 mg/g DM). Methane:DM effective degradability decreased in the following order: creeping bluestem ≥ wiregrass &gt; saw palmetto. Data indicated prescribed fire was an effective tool to increase creeping bluestem and wiregrass nutritive value but no effect was observed on saw palmetto. Cattle grazing grass-dominated rangelands will likely emit more gas and methane than shrub or tree-dominated ecosystems; however, the greater forage nutritive value and subsequent positive impacts on animal production are expected to offset a substantial fraction of enteric methane emissions.
Skin-Limited, Methotrexate-Associated Epstein–Barr Virus–Positive Mucocutaneous Ulcer—A Mimicker of High-Grade Lymphoma. A Report of 4 Cases and Review of the Literature
Authors: Macklin Philip S. , Fisher Rachel , Stonard Christopher , Matin Rubeta N. , Ieremia Eleni 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
Immunodeficiency-associated lymphoproliferative disorders (IA-LPDs) constitute a diverse range of conditions including posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders, other iatrogenic IA-LPDs, and lymphoproliferative disorders associated with an underlying primary immune disorder or HIV infection. IA-LPDs are clinically and pathologically heterogeneous, and there is a lack of standardization of diagnostic terminology. They can represent a potential serious diagnostic pitfall because the histological features of clinically indolent proliferations may mimic those of high-grade lymphoma. However, correct identification of these entities is essential given that complete remission may occur upon reversal of the underlying cause of immunosuppression without the need for systemic therapy. IA-LPDs presenting in the skin are rare but well documented. One form of iatrogenic IA-LPD, methotrexate-associated lymphoproliferative disorder (MTX-LPD), can present with cutaneous nodules, plaques, or ulcers. Predominantly, MTX-LPD develops in the context of long-term treatment of autoimmune conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, dermatomyositis, and Sjögren syndrome, and may be associated with underlying Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection. We present 4 cases of cutaneous EBV-positive B-cell MTX-LPD and describe their clinical and morphological findings. Comparison of our histological findings to the diagnostic criteria for EBV-positive mucocutaneous ulcer (EBVMCU) revealed significant overlap, highlighting the intersection between MTX-LPD and EBVMCU. Withdrawal of methotrexate resulted in healing of all lesions at a mean time of 2 months. In summary, close clinicopathological correlation is vital to identify MTX-LPD presenting as cutaneous EBVMCU given that the initial treatment strategy is that of withdrawal of methotrexate without the need for immediate systemic therapy.
The effectiveness of oxytocin in the treatment of stimulant use disorders: a systematic review
Authors: Lee-Cheong Stephen , Ludgate Sacha A. , Epp Tanisse C.M. , Schütz Christian G. 
Published: July 2023

Objectives
The purpose of this review is to examine human study evidence on the effectiveness of oxytocin in this patient population. Despite stimulant use disorder being a major public health concern, there are no validated pharmacological treatments. Psychosocial interventions show limited effectiveness especially in the more severe cases of stimulant use disorder, whereas animal models suggest that oxytocin may be a useful treatment.

Methods
A literature search using Medline, Embase, and PsychInfo was undertaken. Search results were subsequently imported into Covidence to identify relevant studies.

Results
Six studies were included in this review, two of which were pilot studies. Although oxytocin was well tolerated across studies, no study showed a statistically significant reduction in reported cocaine use or cravings. One study suggested oxytocin increased the desire to use cocaine, although the population of participants should be taken into consideration. In contrast, one study showed a trend towards reduced self-reported cocaine use.

Conclusion
Available research does not support the use of oxytocin in the management of stimulant use disorder; however, included studies are small in sample size and limited in number. There were several noteworthy findings unrelated to this review’s primary and secondary outcomes, which are of interest and warrant further research. We provide suggestions for future studies in this area of research. Considering the limited data available at this time, further studies are required before any definitive conclusions can be made regarding the use of oxytocin in stimulant use disorder management.
TECLISTAMAB-ASSOCIATED SCLEROUVEITIS WITH HYPOPYON
Authors: Liu Tianyu , Schwartz Turner , Chebolu Apoorv P. , Tsui Jonathan C. , Bhatt Nirali , Scoles Drew 
Published: July 2023

Purpose:
To report a case of presumed teclistamab-associated sclerouveitis with hypopyon.

Methods:
Case report.

Results:
A 62-year-old woman with relapsed refractory multiple myeloma presented with right eye pain and decreased vision 1 week after starting teclistamab and was found to have sclerouveitis with hypopyon. She received intravitreal vancomycin and ceftazidime because of the concern for infectious endophthalmitis, but cultures were negative. Systemic workup for infectious and inflammatory etiologies was unremarkable. Her signs and symptoms improved with topical steroids and a 1-week pause in teclistamab. This case constituted a Naranjo Adverse Drug Reaction Probability Scale score of 5, representing a “probable” association.

Conclusion:
Teclistamab, a novel bispecific antibody recently approved for the treatment of relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma, may be associated with sclerouveitis with hypopyon.
Helicobacter pylori Found Incidentally During Upper Endoscopy Performed for Diagnosis of Common Pediatric Gastrointestinal Diseases
Authors: Dolstra Yael , Kori Michal 
Published: July 2023

Background:

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) gastritis may be an incidental finding during upper endoscopy performed to diagnose celiac disease (CeD), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). We aimed to describe the incidence of H. pylori in children undergoing endoscopy for CeD, IBD and EoE and determine the indications for treatment.

Methods:
A retrospective, single-center study based on the review of endoscopy reports of pediatric patients, diagnosed with CeD, IBD and EoE, between January 2017 and December 2021. Data collected included; age, gender, hematologic parameters, endoscopic, histologic and H. pylori culture results, and information on eradication treatment.

Results:

H. pylori gastritis was diagnosed in 120 of 558 (21.5%) children [72 (60%) female, mean age 10.6 years] during gastroscopy performed for the diagnosis of other GI diseases. H. pylori was present in 87 of 404 (21.5%) CeD, 27 of 113 (23.9%) IBD and 6 of 41 (14.6%) EOE patients (P = 0.46). The main indication for treatment was the presence of ulcers, in 4 of 120 (3.3%), and erosions in 17 of 120 (14.2%). Eradication treatment was recommended in 22 of 120 (18.3%) patients, 8 of 87 (9.2%) CeD, 10 of 27 (37%) IBD and 4 of 6 (66.7%) EoE patients, P < 0.001. Four independent positive treatment predictors were identified; age above 10 years {odds ratio (OR) = 10.57 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.88–59.36], P = 0.007} the presence of nodular gastritis (OR = 5.03 [95% CI 1.09–23.15], P = 0.38), erosions [OR = 49.21 (95% CI 8.19–295.83), P < 0.000] and ulcers [OR = 22.69 (95% CI 1.25–410.22), P = 0.035]. CeD was a strong negative predictor for treatment [OR = 0.23 (95% CI 0.002–0.241), P = 0.002].

Conclusions:

H. pylori gastritis is a common incidental finding during endoscopy. The indications for treatment are not well defined and should be further investigated.