bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
At‐risk internet addiction and related factors among senior high school teachers in Japan based on a Nationwide survey
Authors: Fukuda Mari , Chowdhury Mohammad , Chowdhury Tanvir Turin , Tsumura Hideki , Tsuchie Rina , Kinuta Minako , Hisamatsu Takashi , Kanda Hideyuki 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundInternet addiction (IA) has been drawing attention to mental health. However, few reports have been found on the related factors of at‐risk IA among regular workers by a nationwide survey. The study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of at‐risk IA and identify related factors among senior high school teachers in Japan.MethodsThis survey was a cross‐sectional survey of high schools across Japan in 2017. There were 3189 teachers (2088 males and 1098 female) who participated in this survey. The questionnaire asked about their devices, both the time and the activities of using their internet, and sociodemographic factors. IA was measured by the internet addiction test (IAT) by which 40–79 points were classified as at‐risk IA, and more as IA. We compared the related factors of at‐risk IA and non‐IA using descriptive analysis and multivariable regression analysis.ResultsThe rates of IA and at‐risk IA were 0.09% (n = 3) and 6.91% (n = 220), respectively. At‐risk IA was positively associated with activities on the internet for gaming, entertainment, net‐surfing, and younger ages. In addition, the at‐risk IA group had a longer time spent on the internet than the non‐IA group.ConclusionsAround 7% of high school teachers are at‐risk IA in this survey, though they have regular work. Our results suggest that at‐risk IA may be reinforced not only by the active internet use such as gaming, but also by purposeless behaviors, such as net‐surfing. Managing time on the internet may support preventing at‐risk IA among senior high school teachers.
Effects of riluzole on psychiatric disorders with anxiety or fear as primary symptoms: A systematic review
Authors: Kawashima Yoshitaka , Yamada Misa , Furuie Hiroki , Kuniishi Hiroshi , Akagi Kie , Kawashima Tomoko , Noda Takamasa , Yamada Mitsuhiko 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimPrevious behavioral pharmacology studies involving rodents suggested riluzole had potential to be an ideal psychotropic drug for psychiatric disorders with anxiety or fear as primary symptoms. Several clinical studies have recently been conducted. The purpose of this study was to gather information about the efficacy and tolerability of riluzole for patients with those symptoms.MethodsWe searched PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, EMBASE, and the Cochrane database from inception until April 2021, and performed manual searches for additional relevant articles. This review included: (1) studies involving participants that were patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), acute stress disorder, or phobias; and (2) randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or intervention studies (e.g., single arm trials) examining the effects and safety of riluzole.ResultsOf the 795 identified articles, four RCTs, one RCT subgroup‐analysis, and three open‐label trials without control groups met the inclusion criteria. Most trials evaluated the efficacy of riluzole as an augmentation therapy with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and other antidepressants for PTSD, OCD, or GAD. However, there was insufficient evidence to confirm the effects of riluzole for patients with these psychiatric disorders. Most trials demonstrated adequate study quality.ConclusionsThis review found insufficient evidence to confirm the effects of riluzole for psychiatric disorders with anxiety or fear as primary symptoms. It would be worthwhile to conduct studies that incorporate novel perspectives, such as examining the efficacy of riluzole as a concomitant medication for psychotherapy.
External validity in distributed data networks
Authors: Webster‐Clark Michael , Toh Sengwee , Arnold Jonathan , McTigue Kathleen M. , Carton Thomas , Platt Robert 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposeWhile much has been written about how distributed networks address internal validity, external validity is rarely discussed. We aimed to define key terms related to external validity, discuss how they relate to distributed networks, and identify how three networks (the US Food and Drug Administration's Sentinel System, the Canadian Network for Observational Drug Effect Studies [CNODES], and the National Patient Centered Clinical Research Network [PCORnet]) deal with external validity.MethodsWe define external validity, target populations, target validity, generalizability, and transportability and describe how each relates to distributed networks. We then describe Sentinel, CNODES, and PCORnet and how each approaches these concepts, including a sample case study.ResultsEach network approaches external validity differently. As its target population is US citizens and it includes only US data, Sentinel primarily worries about lack of external validity by not including some segments of the population. The fact that CNODES includes Canadian, United States, and United Kingdom data forces them to seriously consider whether the United States and United Kingdom data will be transportable to Canadian citizens when they meta‐analyze database‐specific estimates. PCORnet, with its focus on study‐specific cohorts and pragmatic trials, conducts more case‐by‐case explorations of external validity for each new analytic data set it generates.ConclusionsThere is no one‐size‐fits‐all approach to external validity within distributed networks. With these networks and comparisons between their findings becoming a key part of pharmacoepidemiology, there is a need to adapt tools for improving external validity to the distributed network setting.
Atomic visualization of flipped‐back conformations of high mannose glycans interacting with cargo lectins: An MD simulation perspective
Authors: Jayaprakash Nisha Grandhi , Sarkar Dheeraj Kumar , Surolia Avadhesha 
Published: July 2023

AbstractProtein–carbohydrate interactions play a crucial role in mediating several biomolecular recognition events. We attempt to unravel its intricacies by understanding how carbohydrate‐binding proteins interpret the glycan code. We aim to decipher lectin‐mediated recognition in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which plays a crucial role in ER‐mediated quality control (ER‐QC). The ER‐QC functions in three phases—protein folding, transport, and degradation. Altered protein QC leads to ER‐related storage disorders. Cargo transport proteins—Ergic53 and Vip36—necessary for maintaining cellular homeostasis—are our primary focus. They recognize monoglucosylated/high mannose N‐glycans on the folded glycoproteins. This article reports on the first dynamic investigation of the ER cargo lectins in complex with the high mannose glycans using an advanced sampling technique—replica exchange molecular dynamics to decipher the inherent conformational heterogeneity and the binding mechanism. The study involves simulations for the proteins complexed with three high mannose glycans—Man8B, Man9, and mono‐glucosylated glycan. The recognition process is captured using MD simulations to achieve mechanistic insights and characterize the dynamics of glycans in their native and bound states via dihedral angle analysis. Results indicate that the flipped conformation of the glycans was crucial in differentiating their interaction with the proteins. Similar conformers of the glycans are preferred for Ergic53 and Vip36 in their glycan recognition events. Ergic53 preferred Man8B while it was Man9 for Vip36, in coherence with the previous experimental reports. These simulations provide a computational microscopic purview of the mechanism at both spatial and temporal scales. The results correlate with the published experimental data on the specificities of these lectins.
The oviduct fluke, Prosthogonimus species in wild birds, Türkiye
Authors: Öztürk Mehmet , Umur Şinasi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundProsthogonimus species is considered one of the most important pathogen parasites of poultry and wild birds because it causes defective egg formation, and deaths can be seen as a result of peritonitis. The genus Prosthogonimus is all‐around and has been reported in many areas worldwide. This study is research on the presence of Prosthogonimus species, one of the most pathogen trematodes of birds, in Türkiye and wild birds.ObjectiveWe conducted the present study to investigate the presence and prevalence of Prosthogonimus spp. in Türkiye.MethodsWe studied 183 individuals of 62 wild bird species in the Kızılırmak Delta. Wild birds that died naturally were necropsied and searched for oviducal flukes.ResultsAfter performing our parasitological study, we found that 4/180 birds were infected with Prosthogonimus spp. Aythya ferina, Ciconia ciconia, Erithacus rubecula and Turdus philomelos were infected with Prosthogonimus pellucidus, Prosthogonimus macrorchis, Prosthogonimus cuneatus and Prosthogonimus ovatus, respectively. Prosthogonimus species was reported for the first time from Türkiye, together with all species found.ConclusionThe presence of Prosthogonimus species in Türkiye and wild birds was determined. We constructed a key of our found Prosthogonimus species based on their morphological characters.
COVID-19 and the Institutional Fabric of Higher Education
Authors: Pillay Pundy , Balbachevsky Elizabeth , Pinheiro Rómulo , Yonezawa Akiyoshi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis edited book comprises a number of chapters analysing the impact of COVID-19 in countries in Europe, Latin America, Africa and Asia-Pacific. The theme of the book relates to an analysis of the interplay between ‘macro’, ‘meso’ and ‘micro’ elements or factors underpinning higher education (HE) systems and their respective institutions (HEIs); and how they, either on their own or in cooperation with each other, addressed the challenges posed by COVID-19 beginning in March 2020. The rich empirical chapters demonstrate vividly how HEIs and, in many cases, policymakers responded to the various threats as well as opportunities posed by the pandemic. Four key features or mechanisms stand out unambiguously in the manner in which countries and their respective HE systems responded to the crisis, namely,rationality, cooperation, resilienceandinnovationThese insights suggest that, as alluded to in earlier studies, autonomy or self-organisation combined with pluralistic forms (internal diversity) of addressing novelty helps overcome the inherent challenges posed by ‘bounded rationality’ whilst facing novel and adverse situations.
New Actors, Administrative Measures and Conflicting Agendas: The Impact of the Pandemic on Internationalisation of Higher Education in Poland and Russia
Authors: Shenderova Svetlana , Antonowicz Dominik , Jaworska Marta 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Polish and Russian higher education (HE) systems evolved from similar semi-peripheral positions and centralist administration into networks of actors whose collective but uncoordinated efforts steered the internationalisation of HE. However, it all was interrupted by the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic that opened doors to new policy actors largely unrelated to HE with their own agenda who do not recognise the exceptional status of HE, downplaying the institutional autonomy of universities and ignoring the fact that internationalisation lies at the core of the academy. This chapter examines changes in the topography of HE policy in both countries and discusses the short- and long-term impact of the pandemic on the internationalisation of HE.
Transformation of International University Education Through Digitalisation During/After the COVID-19 Pandemic: Challenges in Online International Learning in Japanese Universities
Authors: Yonezawa Akiyoshi , Ota Hiroshi , Ikeda Keiko , Yonezawa Yukako 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBased on a country case study of Japan, which experienced a sudden suspension of physical student mobility across borders due to the COVID-19 pandemic, this chapter discusses the transformation and countermeasures regarding the internationalisation of higher education. The authors mainly focus on intercultural collaborative learning and collaborative international online learning primarily based on in-person classes and online class settings, respectively, as different approaches to internationalising the learning experiences of their students at two universities in Japan. Through the rapid progress in digital transformation during the pandemic, these two universities redesigned their approaches to international learning into a strategic combination of in-person and virtual collaborative learning between domestic and international students. Finally, the authors discuss the opportunities and threats of intranational university education under the new reality of digital transformation in higher education.
Internationalization of Higher Education in Argentina upon the Arrival of COVID-19: Reactions and Lessons from the Perspective of International Relations Office
Authors: Rabossi Marcelo , Guaglianone Ariadna , Markman Alex 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe interdependence between countries in relation to the production and transfer of knowledge has grown steadily since the 1980s. As a result, in the past two decades the number of students crossing borders to pursue an education abroad skyrocketed. However, the arrival of COVID-19 in early 2020 imposed a series of restrictions on this exponential expansion. Closed borders and semi-frozen economies resulted in unprecedented challenges for university administrators. The International Relations Offices (IROs), responsible for the promotion and administration of collaboration agreements, nobilities, joint academic activities, international positioning, and overseas student recruitment, were especially challenged by the pandemic and its consequences. This chapter’s objective is to assess how the IROs reacted and shifted their activities in response to the restrictions in global mobility brought about by COVID-19. To capture this behavior, we conducted a series of interviews with key actors at two public and two private universities in Argentina. To contrast theory and evidence, we used some principles that emerge from Resilience Theory.
Characterization of FLOWERING LOCUS C 5 in Brassica rapa L.
Authors: Akter Ayasha , Kakizaki Tomohiro , Itabashi Etsuko , Kunita Kohei , Shimizu Motoki , Akter Mst. Arjina , Mehraj Hasan , Okazaki Keiichi , Dennis Elizabeth S. , Fujimoto Ryo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBrassica rapa L., which includes Chinese cabbage, turnip, and pak choi, has more complex flowering time regulation than does Arabidopsis thaliana due to the presence of multiple paralogous flowering time genes. FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) is one of the key genes regulating the flowering time, and B. rapa has four FLC paralogs. BrFLC5 on the reference genome is deemed a pseudogene because of a mutation (from G to A) in the splice site of the third intron, but there are some accessions with a G nucleotide in the splice site. In this study, we genotyped 310 B. rapa accessions and found that 19 had homozygous and 81 had heterozygous putative functional BrFLC5 alleles. Accessions of turnip showed the highest proportion with a functional BrFLC5 allele. BrFLC5 acts as a floral repressor when overexpressed in A. thaliana. The BrFLC5 expression level varied in pre-vernalized plants, and this transcriptional variation was not associated with the G/A polymorphism in the third intron. Three accessions having a higher BrFLC5 expression in pre-vernalized plants had a 584-bp insertion in the promoter region. Many regions homologous to this 584-bp sequence are present in the B. rapa genome, and this 584-bp inserted region has tandem duplications of an AT-rich sequence in its central region. The possibility that a high expression of a functional BrFLC5 could contribute to producing premature bolting-resistant lines in B. rapa vegetables is discussed.
Polish contributions in developing medicinal plant in vitro propagation system
Authors: Thiem Barbara , Hermosaningtyas Anastasia Aliesa , Budzianowska Anna , Kikowska Małgorzata 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSince the 1980s, there has been a significant emphasis in biotechnology on the utilisation of medicinal plants as a source of raw materials for the pharmaceutical industry. Moreover, medicinal plants have been identified as a potential alternative source of essential compounds with a wide range of applications, including those involved in producing medications, nutraceuticals, food additives, cosmeceuticals, natural pigments, and preservatives. The plant micropropagation system is an ideal solution to the problems caused by conventional exploitation since it may simultaneously provide uniform biomass as a source of bioactive secondary metabolites and ex situ conservation of uncommon or endangered plant species (dual strategies of micropropagation). In honour of the Polish Botany Society’s Centenary anniversary in 2022, this article summarises the development of an in vitro propagation method for selected medicinal plants by Polish researchers and botanists.
Importation of a novel Indian Ocean lineage carrying E1-K211E and E2-V264A of Chikungunya Virus in Zhejiang Province, China, in 2019
Authors: Su Lingxuan , Lou Xiuyu , Yan Hao , Yang Zhangnv , Mao Haiyan , Yao Wenwu , Sun Yi , Pan Junhang , Zhang Yanjun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is widespread. In Zhejiang province, China, CHIKV infection is often associated with travelers from tropical and subtropical countries. In the present study, three CHIKV isolates from serum samples of travelers in Zhejiang province in 2019 were sequenced, and phylogenetically analyzed to study their molecular characteristics. Sequence analysis showed that the non-structural protein and the structural protein had 37 and 28 amino acid mutations, respectively; no mutation site was found at the E1-A226 residue, which could increase the adaptability of CHIKV to Aedes albopictus. All three samples carried two mutations, namely, E1-K211E and E2-V264A, which were introduced to Bangladesh around late 2015 and Thailand in early 2017. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these three CHIKVs were Indian Ocean lineage of the East Africa/Central/South Africa genotype (ECSA) and that the MF773566 strain from Bangladesh (Australia/Bangladesh 2017) had the closest evolutionary relationship. The three CHICKs imported into Zhejiang province in 2019 belonged to the ECSA genotype and had multiple amino acid variation sites. The variation in the three samples provides a certain reference for the subsequent research on CHIKV evolution.
Short Communication — Stability of “Free” Norovirus RNA on Fresh Produce
Authors: D’Agostino Martin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe accuracy and dependability of results generated through molecular detection of specific target sequences of RNA, commonly used for detecting viruses in food, have been extensively debated within the scientific community. Such concerns have been raised by researchers, clients, and regulators alike, highlighting the need for further investigation and clarification. In particular, there has been debate about the possibility of molecular methods to detect enteric viruses, such as norovirus, in foods, producing false positive RT-PCR results due to the presence of “free” target RNA sequences in the food supply chain environment. This study aimed to investigate this issue by evaluating the recovery of “free” norovirus RNA from lettuce leaves. The “free” RNA was produced using heat treatment and chemical extraction methods. The study findings indicate that recovery of heat-extracted RNA from the lettuce leaves decreased markedly within 24 h, while recovery of chemically extracted RNA remained stable and even increased over time. The results of this study suggest that positive molecular detection of viruses in food is more likely to be associated with intact and potentially infectious virus particles, rather than “free” unprotected RNA. These findings have significant implications for the food industry and regulatory bodies in terms of the interpretation, accuracy and reliability of molecular detection methods for virus detection in food.
Participation in Online Mindfulness was Associated with Improved Self-Compassion and Prosocial Attitudes
Authors: Bailey Neil W. , Comte Whitney , Chambers Richard , Bartlett Larissa , Connaughton Sherelle , Hassed Craig 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Online mindfulness programs have become popular due to their increased accessibility compared to face-to-face programs. Although research has demonstrated that face-to-face mindfulness programs can increase trait mindfulness, self-compassion, and prosocial attitudes, fewer studies have explored these outcomes in online programs. This study aimed to test whether an online mindfulness program improved trait mindfulness, self-compassion, and prosocial attitudes, and whether improvements related to self-reported quality and quantity of mindfulness practice.

Method
Repeated-measures ANOVAs compared measures of trait mindfulness, self-compassion, and prosocial attitudes between 209 pre- and post-program survey responses from participants who completed a 4-week online mindfulness program. Regressions were used to test whether the quantity or quality of mindfulness practice predicted changes in these measures, and mediation analyses tested whether associations between mindfulness practice and outcomes were mediated by changes in trait mindfulness.

Results
The study found that participation in the mindfulness program was associated with improved trait mindfulness, self-compassion, and prosocial attitudes (all p < 0.01) and that males showed larger increases in prosocial attitudes (p < 0.05). The study also showed an association between the quality of formal mindfulness practice and improvements in both self-compassion and trait mindfulness (p < 0.01). Lastly, the mediation analysis suggested the association between the quality of formal practice and self-compassion was mediated by changes in trait mindfulness (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
These results suggest online mindfulness programs can lead to improved trait mindfulness, self-compassion, and prosocial attitudes. Our results also indicate that higher self-reported practice quality is related to improved trait mindfulness, and that changes in trait mindfulness mediated improved self-compassion.

Pre-registration
This study was not pre-registered.