bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
METHODOLOGICAL FEATURES OF CALCULATING ERRORS IN THE MEASUREMENT OF ELECTROSTATIC FIELD STRENGTH
Authors: Bazhenov Viktor , Povcshenko Oleksandr 
Published: June 2023

Measuring the intensity of the electric field of the atmosphere today has become a widespread task of modern meteorology. After all, the distribution of the intensity of the local electric field near the surface of the earth is closely related to the global distribution of thunderstorms and electrified clouds.
The force characteristic of an electric field is its intensity. The change in the atmospheric electric field occurs relatively slowly, so electrostatic field mill (EFM) are most widely used to measure the electric field strength.
Electrostatic field mills have been used to monitor the electric field in good weather, measure the vertical electric field inside clouds, and observe the movement and evolution of storms. Various designs of EFM have been developed and documented for more than a century, but since the subject is not popularized, their construction methods and calculation features are not documented. Therefore, there was a need to generalize the structure of the device and calculate its metrological characteristics.
The work is aimed at increasing the accuracy of measurement and improving the hardware of electrostatic field mills. The task of increasing the accuracy of measuring the electrostatic field on a straight line depends on reducing the errors that occur in the device. The causes of these errors can be attributed to the imperfection of the measurement method or the inconsistency of the measurement object to its model, as well as the properties of the measurement tools. In previous studies, the authors used a mathematical model of the EF sensor, which does not correspond to the real shape of the signal, which created the need for its improvement.
In this work, the authors proposed and substantiated a universal mathematical model of the EFM sensor. The paper also provides an analysis of the components of the proposed mathematical model, which will allow choosing the optimal structural parameters of the EFM sensor, which will increase its sensitivity. In addition, the paper proposed its own functional scheme of the EFM and developed a methodology for calculating its instrumental error, which allows to single out critical parameters during the selection of components for the construction of the device.
The aspects considered in this article substantiate the relevance of increasing the accuracy of measuring the electrostatic field strength. The work carried out is the beginning of research aimed at improving the hardware of electrostatic field mills.
ASSESSMENT OF METHODS FOR DETERMINING THE NATURAL GAS HEAT OF COMBUSTION
Authors: Korobko Ivan , Pysarets Anna , Misiats Andrii 
Published: June 2023

The shortage of fuel and energy resources, the increase in natural gas prices and the continuous increase in gas consumption indicate the relevance of the issues of measuring the natural gas amount and assessing its quality indicators. Ukraine is implementing the European methodology for calculating gas consumption based on its quality and efficiency. The problem of determining the gas quality in Ukraine requires a thorough assessment and research.
The main physical and chemical indicator of the natural gas quality, which characterizes its energy value, is the specific volumetric gas heat of combustion. The value of this parameter differs for different gas fields. The gas heat of combustion determines the efficiency of its use both in everyday life and in industry.
The aim of the work is to analyze the main methods for determining the calorific value of natural gas.
The gas heat of combustion is determined by calorimetric, chromatographic and correlation methods.
The calorimetric method is characterized by the complexity of the measurement process, complete combustion of the test gas, and long term process. This ensures the objectivity of the results, which is based on taking into account the moisture content of the gas and the presence of non-combustible components in it.
The basis of the chromatographic method is the separation of the components of a gas sample in a chromatographic column. The result is a chromatogram that shows the percentage composition of hydrocarbons in the gas. The characteristic properties of the method are the identification of a wide range of components and the repeatability of the results.
When using correlation methods for determining the heating value of natural gas, various physicochemical parameters of samples are measured (such as total hydrocarbon concentration, heat capacity, acoustic wave propagation velocity, carbon dioxide concentration, thermal conductivity, dielectric constant, dynamic viscosity, and others).
Correlation dependence is based on the choice and association of such parameters. This dependence is studied on different test gas mixtures and allows us to determine the empirical dependence. The mixtures correspond to gases with different calorific values. The obtained empirical dependence is used to register the heat of combustion of real natural gas. The paper evaluates the features of these methods application and instruments based on them.
AUTOMATED DEVICE PARTS TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM IN THE CONDITIONS OF MEDIUM-SERIES PRODUCTION
Authors: Hatsko Mykola , Shevchenko Vadim 
Published: June 2023

The article analyzes previous research and publications on the development and application of various types of automated transport carts used in serial production, from which a conclusion is drawn about the need to develop an automated transport cart that can be used in instrument manufacturing and which will increase the productivity of the transport system.
After conducting the analysis, the main element of the automated transportation system was developed, which is an automated transport cart mounted on mecanum wheels, which ensure its all-directional movement, without changing the orientation in space or its change regardless of the direction of movement, with two on-board manipulators that have removable gripping devices, and an individual removable storage device. Changeable elements increase the flexibility of the automated cart, because this feature allows the cart to be adapted to a large number of various technological processes. With the help of the CAD system, a three-dimensional model of the schematic design of the automated transport cart was developed, which takes into account all its important elements, as well as a detailed model of the mecanum wheels, designed specifically for the design of the cart.
Using the parameters of the developed automated transport cart, the kinematics of the cart were calculated and formulas for solving the forward and inverse kinematics problem were determined, as well as the algorithms of the cart operation were developed, which describe each cycle performed by the cart at each workplace. Based on formulas for solving kinematics problems, formulas and methods for leveling spatial errors that occur during movement from one point to another are defined, as well as functions for optimizing the process of moving an automated transport cart are defined, and how optimization affects performance is determined.
Analysis of Translation Techniques and Quality of Charactonyms in The Silmarillion by J. R. R. Tolkien
Authors: Sari Fibiyola Widya 
Published: June 2023

<p>The object of this study is translation of the charactonyms in the book <em>The Silmarillion</em> by J. R. R. Tolkien. This objective of this study is to analyze the techniques used by the translator in translating the charactonyms and the impact of the techniques on the quality of the translation in terms of accuracy and acceptability. The data are charactonyms found the book, their translations and the quality assed by researcher and informants. The data are collected using content analysis and focus group discussion. The researcher found 196 charactonyms from the novel <em>The </em>Silmarillion.The researcher also found that translator uses 27 techniques that use six of Fernandes’ (2006) techniques—rendition, copy, addition, transcription, transposition, and deletion—either as single or combined technique, 3 techniques are single techniques and 24 are combined techniques. The overall score for the accuracy of the translation is 2.98 and for acceptability is 2.45, making the overal score being 2.72.</p>
DYNAMIC SYSTEM MODEL: THE EFFECT OF CAMPUS FACILITIES ON THE QUALITY OF SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS OF GRADUATE STUDENTS
Authors: Rahmaniar Yusi , Muljono Pudji , Basuki Ahza Adil 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Starting from the circular of the Dirjen Dikti Number: 152/E/T/2012 concerning the publication of student scientific work, the Indonesian government encourages students to play an active role in conducting research publications. The quantity of scientific publications carried out by students must also be followed by good quality. In the world of education, the quality of scientific publications can be seen from the categories of research outputs and how the factors affect the field of research. Campus facilities are said to be one of the important factors in supporting the quality of student research publications. Because not only physically, non-physical facilities are considered very important to improve student competence and capabilities, for example in the form of training.
Dynamic system analysis is a research methodology that can capture the condition of a quality management system. In this study the dynamic system was used to look at the quality of research publications conducted by postgraduate students, to see how facilities could affect the quality of student research publications.
EXCELLENT PROGRAM MANAGEMENT TOWARDS QUALITY SCHOOLS IN SMAIT THARIQ BIN ZIYAD OF BEKASI
Authors: Widianti Sri , Matin  , Sutomo Sugiarto 
Published: June 2023

Quality educational results can be seen from the achievements achieved by students, both in academic and non-academic achievements. One of the parameters of a quality school is how schools are able to manage management functions both from planning, organizing, implementing and evaluating the school's superior programs that are their branding so that they can be trusted by the community in entrusting their sons and daughters. This research was conducted at the Integrated Islamic High School (SMAIT) Thariq Bin Ziyad Bekasi which implemented the school's flagship program dalam node Akhlak, Al Quran, Academic and Language (A3B), dimana. The research method uses descriptive qualitative with observation, interviews with informants and documentation studies. The data that has been obtained is reduced and then presented in the form of results and discussions. The results of this study found that the school's flagship program can have an impact on improving the quality of education and high public trust.
IDENTIFIKASI ANAK BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS TINGKAT SLTP WILAYAH DKI JAKARTA
Authors: Marja  
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini secara umum dimaksudkan untuk mendapatkan data empiris berkaitan dengan jumlah Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus (ABK) tingkat SLTP di wilayah DKI Jakarta.pada tahun 2019. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah survey dengan teknik deskriptif. Subjek penelitiannya adalah SLTP atau SMP Negeri di wilayah DKI yang diambil secara proporsi dengan jumlah 144 sekolah, yang berasal dari lima wilayah. Instrumen pengumpulan datanya adalah angket. Adapun untuk analisis datanya digunakan teknik analisis statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitiannya adalah hasil penjaringan (identifikasi) ABK di DKI Jakarta dengan data terbanyak pada anak lambat belajar/slow learner dengan jumlah 468 (45,44%), untuk data terbanyak kedua yaitu anak dengan hambatan inteligensi/tunagrahita dengan jumlah 230 (22,33%), kedua jenis ABK tersebut berkaitan dengan hambatan kecerdasan dengan memiliki kemampuan inteligensi di bawah rerata normal. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa pada tingkat SLTP di DKI Jakarta jumlah peserta didik dengan kemampuan kecerdasan di bawah rnormal yang cukup tinggi, baik ABK jenis lambat belajar dan hambatan inteligensi. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini berimplikasi terhadap pemantapan konsep dan praktik dalam layanan pendidikan inklusif tingkat SLTP di DKI Jakarta. Penelitian ini juga menjadi penting, dikarenakan data-data mengenai jumlah ABK pada tingkat SLTP cenderung belum ada secara memadai. Hal ini diharapkan menjadi rujukan dalam meningkatkan layangan bagi ABK khususnya dalam setting layanan pendidikan inklusif di DKI Jakarta
Family-Based Early Intervention Based on Family Outcomes for Families with Children with Multiple Disabilities
Authors: Ashri Maulidina Citra 
Published: June 2023

This study aims to formulate a family-based early intervention program for parents who have children with Multiple disabilities based on Family Outscomes. The background of this study is the lack of family information related to the identification of children with multiple disabilities, family confusion in handling children who experience multiple disabilities, and the absence of family confidence in the situation of their children in the social environment. The subjects in this study were parents who had Children with Multiple Disabilitiesin this case were children with Cerebral Palsy who experienced obstacles in motor, cognitive, social & emotional, and language aspects and intellectual barriers. This research approach is a qualitative approach with three stages of research, namely assessment, validation, and implementation. The result of this study is an increase in family understanding of the child's condition, the occurrence of stimulation carried out by the family to the child, the family has begun to want to socialize their children in the surrounding social environment. The results and discussion of further research are discussed in this study.
Developments of interlaboratory comparisons on pressure measurements in the Philippines
Authors: Salazar Mary Ness 
Published: June 2023

The National Metrology Laboratory of the Philippines, Industrial Technology Development Institute under the Department of Science and Technology (ITDI-DOST) offered first of its kind interlaboratory comparison in pressure measurement in the country following a demand survey identifying the gaps in proving the competency of local calibration laboratories. This paper presents the development in implementing the two interlaboratory comparisons in the Philippines with six years interval using the same pressure artefact. With its many objectives, the program also aimed to provide these laboratories access to proficiency testing (PT) to comply with the ISO/IEC 17025 requirements. Comparatively, while both are considered successfully implemented, the improved awareness and commitment to quality of the participants and the enhanced competency of the pilot laboratory in implementing such activity are a few of the enumerated factors instigating the increase in the number of participants as well as those obtaining satisfactory results in the latter PT. The interlaboratory comparison schemes offered aimed at sustaining the demands of metrology stakeholders and continuously develop this service to support further progress in the calibration and measurement capabilities of local laboratories in the country.
Oilfield Technology Leads the Way in Pursuit of Undersea Metals Vital to Energy Transition
Authors: Wright Blake 
Published: June 2023

A carbon-free world and green economy have a lot riding on the future of electricity generation and storage. As the world moves away from hydrocarbons and toward electricity to power everything from cars to the factories that make them and beyond, there is yet another crucial hurdle to clear. To meet the expected electric future for vehicles alone, it will take more manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, and lithium than we as a planet are currently producing. These elements are the building blocks for the batteries that power the electrified future—and they are finite.
Supply concerns have already hit automakers as more and more look to grow their electric vehicle (EV) footprints. Representatives from Tesla, Ford, and Mercedes-Benz were among the delegates at a recent metals and mining conference in Florida—a gathering usually attended by metals producers. The auto managers were in attendance to learn more about potential obstacles to their supply chains when it comes to lithium, nickel, and cobalt, all critical battery components.
An answer to the supply conundrum may lie in a most curious place—the ocean floor. Specifically, in deposits of polymetallic nodules—black lumps of mineral matter about the size of a potato that are strewn throughout certain areas of the Earth’s seabeds. These nodules are present in deposits across the globe, but mostly in the Pacific and Indian oceans.
The existence of these nodules has been known for decades. In fact, it would be the idea of deep-sea mining for manganese nodules that would act as cover for a Cold War expedition known as Project Azorian, a CIA-led mission in the Pacific Ocean that would use a converted drilling rig—the Glomar Explorer—to retrieve a sunken Soviet submarine in the early 1970s. The mission was a partial success as only a portion of the crippled vessel was retrieved.
In the North Pacific between Hawaii and Mexico, there is an area called the Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ) that is estimated to hold a field comprised of 21 billion dry tons of nodules at water depths ranging from 4 to 6 km. The CCZ is broken up into licenses, much like what is common for offshore oil and gas exploration.
“The amount of metals in the nodules themselves surpasses anything on land—far more nickel, far more cobalt, far more manganese, and a fair amount of copper as well,” said Rory Usher with The Metals Company, a deep-sea miner with licenses in the CCZ. “In the face of massive resource demand and constrained supply, we think this abundant and potentially lower-impact alternative is something that absolutely has to be responsibly considered. And through our extensive deep-sea science program to provide definitive answers as to the impacts, that’s exactly what’s been done.”
Case Study: Addressing the Mounting Challenge of Produced-Water Metering Inaccuracy With Nanotechnology
Authors: Wernli Clay , Cambre Elizabeth 
Published: June 2023

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As the energy industry strives to reuse produced water and disposal costs of produced water increase, it has elevated the need for more accurate measurement to save money.
Measurement of produced water in the US unconventional market is impacted by paraffin deposition on the meters causing inaccurate readings of the volume of produced water. The industry is starting to address this growing issue by applying new technology solutions that enable lasting accuracy in the place of routine maintenance that provides a temporary solution.
Most oil and gas producers face paraffin buildup on the inside surface of their electromagnetic flowmeters. These meters are typically located on the produced-water leg, downstream of production and test separators. Paraffin, a waxy substance present in crude oil production, drops out of solution as the fluid cools from the wellhead through the surface equipment.

How Paraffin Impacts Metering
As the fluid is transported through the pipes, it cools down, causing the paraffin to solidify and deposit on the walls of pipes and flowmeters. Separators that are designed to remove most of the paraffin via heat are still susceptible to the accumulation of small amounts of paraffin that may coat the pipe and measurement devices.
Electromagnetic flowmeters are used to measure the volumetric flow rate of conductive fluids in pipelines, such as produced water. They operate by generating a magnetic field across the flow path and measure the voltage induced by the fluid as it flows through the magnetic field.
The voltage is proportional to the flow velocity and the magnetic field strength, which is used to calculate the volumetric flow rate of the fluid. Electromagnetic flowmeters contain a minimum of two electrodes, composed of ceramic or metallic materials depending upon the manufacturer. The electrodes read the induced voltage of the produced water flowing through the meter.
An insulating liner is placed inside the meter between the conductive fluid and the metal body. This isolates the fluid being measured from the meter body, preventing the fluid from creating an electrical short circuit.
Paraffin buildup affects the accuracy and reliability of electromagnetic flowmeters as it nucleates on the electrodes and the liner of the meter. Over time, the paraffin deposition will increase around the electrodes, essentially insulating the electrodes from the fluid. At this point the conductivity of the fluid is artificially reduced, and the flowmeter will under read.
If the paraffin coating on the electrodes becomes thick enough, a flowmeter will be completely insulated from the produced water, which the meter interprets as zero flow. As the paraffin coating on the liner increases, the cross-sectional area of the meter is reduced, creating a higher fluid velocity which results in the meter overreading the flowrate (Q = Av where A is the cross-sectional area of flow and v is its average velocity).
Technology Focus: Intelligent Operations (May 2023)
Authors: Al Yateem Karam 
Published: June 2023

The first paper selected for this Intelligent Fields Technical Focus presents the use of a unique artificial-intelligence (AI) technique from the fourth industrial revolution—dual heuristic dynamic programming—to address business opportunities associated with optimization. The background, methodology, and novelty presented by the authors are clear; however, they need to benchmark their efforts and claims of improvement with peers.
The second paper demonstrates well-structured content, though the topic is detailed, with the introduction of a digital laboratory called Ibtikar toward the enablement of connecting to open-source tools with the use of AI. The collaboration in research and development, as well as addressing challenges of upstream oil and gas requirements, is commendable. The authors, however, do not address associated security concerns concerning the open-source aspect of the technology.
The third paper presents a combination of technologies used to automate daily data acquisition and model updates from production databases and run a supervised machine-learning model to continuously calibrate the network model.
Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.
SPE 207188 Design and Development of a Solar-Powered Pump System With Liquid-Level Sensor and Controller Using Internet of Things Technology by Chinonyelum Ejimuda, Afe Babalola University, et al.
SPE 211314 Improved Field Production Planning and Cost Optimization Using Predictive Analytical Choke Performance Model and Intelligent Alarms in an Integrated Platform by Ayesha Alsaeedi, Adnoc, et al.
SPE 211367 Multidisciplinary Data Integration for Artificial-Intelligence-Assisted Well Placement and Trajectory-Design Optimization Under Uncertainty by Shi Su, SLB, et al.