bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender and age differences in associations between intelligence structure and adaptive behavior among school-age children with autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, specific learning disorder and their comorbidities in China
Authors: Shao Ning , Wang Zepeng , Song Chao , Li Wenhao , Hu Lifei , Wu Lingling , Zhu Zhiwei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), specific learning disorder (SLD), and ADHD + SLD are associated with children’s specific profiles of intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior. The gender and age differences were unclear. Identifying the differences among these disorders will be meaningful for the intervention of school-age children.
Methods
This study recruited 3203 school-age Chinese children who had been diagnosed from 2017 to 2021 (ASD = 239, ADHD = 1521, SLD = 1067, ADHD + SLD = 196). All of them were assessed with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth edition (WISC-Ⅳ) and Adaptive Behavior Assessment System-Second Edition (ABAS-Ⅱ).
Results
Our study found significant differences in the WISC-Ⅳand ABAS-Ⅱcomposite scores among the four groups, and scores in the ADHD group were the highest. Boys in the ADHD and SLD groups had higher scores in Perceptual Reasoning Index field than girls, while girls in the ADHD and SLD groups had higher scores in Processing Speed Index and Working Memory Index (WMI) field than boys. WMI and Full-scale IQ scores in ADHD group and WMI score in the ADHD + SLD group increased with age before 10, while the Verbal Comprehension Index in ADHD group increased with age from 6 to 15.
Conclusions
This study further expanded the understanding of the intellectual structure and adaptive behavior of the four disorders. The gender and age differences in intellectual structure provided an important reference for the intervention of school-age children with these disorders, and help them integrate into school and society.
Resolving the climatic and ecological drivers of geographical gradients in avian sexual selection
Authors: Barber Robert , Yang Jingyi , Yang Chenyue , Barker Oonagh , Janicke Tim , Tobias Joseph 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Sexual selection, one of the central pillars of evolutionary theory, has powerful effects on organismal morphology, behaviour and population dynamics. However, current knowledge about geographical variation in this evolutionary mechanism and its underlying drivers remains highly incomplete, in part because standardized data on the strength of sexual selection is sparse even for well-studied organisms. Here we use information on mating systems – including the incidence of polygamy and extra-pair paternity – to quantify the intensity of sexual selection in 10671 (> 99.9%) bird species distributed worldwide. We show that avian sexual selection varies latitudinally, peaking at higher latitudes, although the gradient is reversed in the world’s most sexually selected birds – specialist frugivores – which are strongly associated with tropical forests. Phylogenetic models further reveal that the strength of sexual selection is explained by temperature seasonality coupled with a suite of climate-associated factors, including migration, diet, and territoriality. Overall, these analyses suggest that climatic conditions leading to short, intense breeding seasons, or highly abundant and patchy food resources, increase the potential for polygamy in birds, driving latitudinal gradients in sexual selection. Our findings help to resolve longstanding debates about spatial variation in evolutionary mechanisms linked to reproductive biology, and provide a comprehensive species-level dataset for further studies of selection and phenotypic evolution in the context of global climatic change.
Reuse gold tailings as filling materials for depleted mines
Authors: Hu Min , Guo Na , Hu Zhangmei , Mu Mulan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The accumulation of gold mine tailings poses a significant environmental challenge. The feasibility of reuse this waste as underground filling materials was investigated in this work. The filling materials were prepared by mixing the tailings, Portland cement and water using a one-step method. The fluidity, bleeding rate, setting time, mechanical behavior, water quality analysis and toxicity characteristic of leaching solution of the filling materials with various tailings/cement ratios and slurry concentrations were characterized and assessed. The results show secondary hydration reaction occurred between the tailings and the cement. The rheological properties, setting/hardening properties and bleeding rate became less favorable with the increase of the tailings/cement ratio and slurry concentration. The water quality index of the leaching solution was lower than the permissible limit values. The uniaxial compressive strength of the filling materials prepared with a tailings/cement ratio of 4:1 and a slurry concentration of 68% was 0.99 MPa, which met the filling purposes. The values of heavy metal leaching (copper, zinc, cadmium, lead, total chromium, hexavalent chromium, beryllium, barium, argentum, selenium, nickel, hydrargyrum, arsenic, cyanide and fluorion) were much lower than the standard limits. This indicates that gold mine tailings could be utilized as the filling materials to reduce waste accumulation without causing any hazards to environment or human beings.
Extracting interpretable features for pathologists using weakly-supervised learning to predict p16 expression in oropharyngeal cancer
Authors: Sakashita Shingo , Adachi Masahiro , Taki Tetsuro , Sakamoto Naoya , Kojima Motohiro , Hirao Akihiko , Matsuura Kazuto , Hayashi Ryuichi , Tabuchi Keiji , Ishikawa Shumpei , Ishii Genichiro 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
One drawback of existing artificial intelligence (AI)-based histopathological prediction models is the lack of interpretability. The objective of this study is to extract p16-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) features in a form that can be interpreted by pathologists using AI model. We constructed a model for predicting p16 expression using a dataset of whole-slide images from 114 OPSCC biopsy cases. We used the clustering-constrained attention-based multiple-instance learning (CLAM) model, a weakly supervised learning approach. To improve performance, we incorporated tumor annotation into the model (Annot-CLAM) and achieved high performance. Utilizing the image patches on which the model focused, we examined the features of model interest via histopathologic morphological analysis and cycle-consistent adversarial network (CycleGAN) image translation. By using the CycleGAN-converted images, we confirmed that the sizes and densities of nuclei are important features for prediction with strong confidence. This approach improves interpretability in histopathological morphology-based AI models and contributes to the advancement of clinically valuable histopathological morphological features.
Effects of microwave softening treatment on dynamic mechanical and chemical properties of bamboo
Authors: Qin Weilian , Yu Haixia , Xu Manping , Zhuang Xiaowei , Wang Hongyan , Yin Man , Pan Xin , Liang Yanjun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Bamboo is a high-quality biomass material, but its thin walls and hollowness, limit subsequent processing. Softening can flatten and bend bamboo without causing cracks, and thus enables efficient value-added use. In this study, the effects of microwave softening parameters (microwave power, processing time, and initial moisture content) on the glass transition temperature, compression ratio, microstructure, chemical composition, and surface wettability of Phyllostachys. edulis and Dendrocalamus. sinicus were studied. Microwave softening parameters (microwave power, treatment time, initial moisture content) improved the flexibility and processability of both bamboo species. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed the storage modulus of D. sinicus slices was reduced from 7846 to 4498 MPa, which was 1.06 times higher than that of P. edulis. The glass transition temperature was lowered from 221.25 to 123.67°C, which was1.07 times higher than that of P. edulis, indicating bamboo stiffness was reduced and elasticity was enhanced. Moreover,P. edulis has higher thermoplastic quality than D. sinicus. Water molecules have a wetting and swelling effect on the cell wall. With a rise in water content, the free hydroxyl group increased, and the compression ratio of P. edulis with a moisture content of 90% increased from 15.65–45.54%, and that of D. sinicus increased from 11.31–41.67%. Hence, choosing the most adaptable bamboo species and moisture content, and increasing the softening temperature and softening time can improve the flattening quality of bamboo and effectively reduce the number of hydroxyl and carbonyl groups, and thus offers a theoretical basis for the industrial processing of bamboo timbers.
A gas-mechanical-damage coupling model based on TLF-SPH method to simulate gas seepage in fractured coal
Authors: Mu Dianrui , Zhang Ke , Liu Weitao , Zhao Jiyuan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The coupled calculation of gas seepage in fractured coal is always the focus and difficulty of computational mechanics. Therefore, combined with the phase field theory, the gas seepage model of fractured coal is developed under the framework of smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). The accuracy of the seepage model based on partial differential equation (PDE) with constant coefficient is verified by a reference example, and the simulation results agree well with the analytical solutions. Meanwhile, the seepage characteristics of gas in homogeneous coal based on PDE with constant and variable coefficients are analyzed, respectively, with their numerical errors compared. Then, based on the gas seepage model of fractured coal, the effects of heterogeneity, defect opening and inclination on gas seepage in coal are studied, respectively. In addition, considering the influence of coal deformation and pre-existing defects on gas seepage, a gas-mechanical-damage coupling model for gas seepage simulation of fractured coal is proposed by using SPH method with total Lagrange formula (TLF-SPH). Subsequently, the permeability evolution and gas seepage characteristics of borehole surrounding rock under different conditions (such as overburden load, extraction pressure, borehole radius and initial gas pressure) are investigated, revealing the seepage-mechanical coupling mechanism of fractured coal during gas extraction. This work provides important theoretical support for mine gas extraction and gas outburstdisaster prevention technology.
Variation in Tree Density, Biomass and Carbon Stock with Altitude under the Large Cardamom-based Traditional Agroforestry System of Darjeeling
Authors: .. Vineeta , Sarkar Biplov Chandra , Tamang Mendup , N Shahina N , Shukla Gopal , Nath Arun Jyoti 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

It has been reported that the large cardamom-based traditional agroforestry systems in the Darjeeling Himalaya of West Bengal, India represents a sustainable land use system with a high potential to store and sequester biomass carbon. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the changes in tree biomass stock and carbon accumulation of this indigenous system with altitude. The study area was classified into three altitude-classes as low (700–1200 m asl), mid (1200–1700 m asl) and high (> 1700 m asl). The tree biomass and carbon storage for low-, mid- and high-altitude classes was estimated at 630.17 and 296.18 Mg ha− 1, 397.05 and 186.61 Mg ha− 1 and 315.78 and 148.42 Mg ha− 1, respectively. Schima wallichi, Cryptomeria japonica and Cupressus cashmeriana were the most ecologically important tree species based on IVI (important value index) in the low-, mid-, and high-altitude classes, respectively. The IVI and total biomass of the five most ecologically important tree species in low-, mid- and high-altitude ranged from 17.34–26.04, 18.15–37.56, 27.13–42.43 and 9.05-133.75 Mg ha− 1, 1.38–37.43 Mg ha− 1 and 19.0-72.1 Mg ha− 1, respectively. Schima wallichi occurred in all the altitude-classes among the five most ecologically important tree species. In the study area, the average ecosystem carbon storage was estimated at 295.02 Mg ha− 1. The contribution of soil organic carbon to the ecosystem carbon stock increased with the increasing altitude. In contrast, the contribution of biomass carbon to the ecosystem carbon stock decreased with the increase in altitude. The ecosystem carbon stock estimated for the low-altitude class was 36.43% and 45.30% higher than the mid- and high-altitude agroforestry systems. The large cardamom-based agroforestry systems in the Darjeeling Himalayas are thus a prospective carbon sink, both in vegetation and soil due to higher tree densities and natural resource conservation-based traditional farming practices.
Clinical and laboratory investigations of a sudden death syndrome in newborn Boer goats
Authors: El-Ashker Maged , Karam Reham , Shalaby Shady , Awad Amal , Abdelhamid Fatma , Risha Engy , Awadin Walaa , Rahman Sahar Abd El 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
The aim of the present study was to determine the cause of a sudden death syndrome in Boer goats on an organised farm in Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt, and to investigate the associated haematobiochemical changes. In December 2021, an outbreak of sudden death was detected on an organised farm with two hundred adult Boer goats and thirty kids. The complaint was that seventeen newborn kids died suddenly after showing a brief episode of apathy, while the adults remained healthy and showed no systemic disease. As FMD infections occurred simultaneously on large ruminant farms in the study region, buccal and nasal swabs were taken from the thirteen kids to diagnose FMD virus in one step RT-PCR. Further typing tests were carried out to determine the circulating FMDV. Blood samples were also taken from the goats to determine haematobiochemical changes. A post-mortem examination was carried out on eight carcasses, while swabs of internal organs and intestinal contents were taken for bacteriological examination. Tissue samples were also fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin for histopathological examination.
Results
The results confirmed the FMDV type O strain, while C. perfringens was cultured and confirmed by DNA sequencing as C. perfringens strain B1. The alpha toxin gene (CPA) of C. perfringens was also detected. The affected kids showed the picture of intravascular haemolysis, which is indicative of the CPA toxin.
Conclusions
The study highlights the role of Clostridia infection as a complication of FMD in Boer kids. This is the first report in which C. perfringens has been detected in association with FMD infection in this valuable goat species. These results improve our understanding of the clinical presentation of complicated cases of FMD infection in Boer goats under natural conditions.
A novel gradient multi-Helmholtz cavities muffler for low-frequency broad band gaps
Authors: hanbo Shao , Hang XiaoChen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
With the development of local resonance theory, more and more researchers use Helmholtz cavity structures to reduce low-frequency noise. However, the absorption frequency is very narrow in the traditional structure. It is very inflexible in practical applications. To address this challenge, we first proposed a gradient multi-Helmholtz cavities muffler for low-frequency broad band gaps. By simplifying the structure into a neck-cavity model, we derived the resonance frequency of a single Helmholtz cavity. Next, we use COMSOL software to calculate the transmission loss (TL). The results of our analysis confirmed that the structure can reduce noise in its resonance frequency, and the range of absorption frequency is enlarged with the number of the cavities increases, almost 24.75 times that of one cavity. The transmission loss around the center frequency also increases from 45dB to near 100dB. In addition, the relationship between noise attenuation characteristics and the distance of the cavities is also studied. Results show that a deeper valley appears in the transmission loss curve with the increase of the distance, which greatly affects the sound absorption performance. The gradient multi-Helmholtz cavities designed in our paper enlarges the range of absorption frequency and improve the ability of noise reduction. Our findings can be widely applied to guide the design and optimization of metamaterial mufflers.
Efficiency and comparability of using new evidence platforms for updating recommendations: experience with a diabetes guideline in Colombia
Authors: Villar Juan Carlos , López Luz Angela Torres , Flórez Anamaría Muñoz , Balcázar Angela Manuela , Parra-Gómez Laura , Barrera Edgar 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background: Updating recommendations of guidelines requires both comprehensive and efficient literature searches. While new information platforms are available for developing groups, their relative contribution to this purpose remains uncertain.
Methods: As part of a review/update of 8 selected evidence-based recommendations (EBR) on type 2 diabetes, we evaluated the following five literature search approaches (targeting systematic reviews, using predetermined criteria): PubMed for MEDLINE; Epistemonikos database basic search; Epistemonikos database, using a structured search strategy; Living overview of evidence (L.OVE) platform, and TRIP database. Three reviewers independently classified retrieved references as definitely or probably eligible/not eligible. Those falling in the same “definitely” categories for all reviewers were labelled as “true” positives/negatives. The rest went to re-assessment and if found eligible/not eligible by consensus became “false” negatives/positives, respectively. We described the yield for each approach, computed their “diagnostic accuracy” measures and agreement statistics.
Results: Altogether, the five approaches identified 318-505 references for the 8 recommendations, from which reviewers considered 4.2-9.4% eligible after the two rounds. While Pubmed outperformed the other approaches (diagnostic odds ratio 12.5 versus 2.6-5.3), no single search approach returned eligible references for all recommendations. Individually, searches identified up to 40% of all eligible references (n=71), and no combination of any three approaches could identify over 80% of them. Kappa statistics for retrieval between searches were very poor (9 out of 10 paired comparisons did not surpass chance-expected agreement).
Conclusion: Among the information platforms assessed, Pubmed seemed the more efficient to update this set of recommendations. However, the very poor agreement in the reference yield demands developing groups to add information from several (probably over 3) sources for this purpose. Further research is needed to replicate our findings and enhance our understanding of how to update recommendations efficiently.
Centrality measures on segmented entropy networks to identify influencers and influencees for financial market scenario
Authors: Sengupta Anwesha , Middya Asif Iqbal , Roy Sarbani 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The rise and fall in stock prices are mutually dependent on different intra and inter-sectoral stocks. These mutual dependencies through the interactive market transactions are responsible for creating idiosyncratic shocks regarded as an influence. These necessitate the identification of influential stocks in terms of influencers and influencees in any financial network. These kinds of influential effects can be adequately captured by the flow of directional impact. As a consequence, the influencers in the financial market create an impact through the ups and downs in the economy on the influencees. In this context, attempts have been made to exhibit these kinds of directional influences through segmented entropy networks (SEN) using transfer entropy measures. In addition to the fragmentation of different levels of information flow, i.e., strong, moderate and weak, the network sub-categories are expected to reduce information loss that might occur for construction of network using threshold values. To identify the set of influential stocks in terms of influencees and influencers, the in-centrality and out-centrality measures have been proposed. Their performance is compared using the NSE (national stock exchange) dataset of India with other existing centralities namely, betweenness centrality, harmonic centrality, etc. It is noted that the financial and energy sectors drive the market as a whole during the period. On the other hand, the healthcare, basic material, and consumer defensive sectors create a moderate impact on the market. Additionally, the top influential stocks had high market capitalization and generated high market revenue at that time. The effectiveness of the proposed model has also been compared in terms of its spreading efficacy using a weighted independent cascade model for financial networks. Empirically, the seed stocks (i.e., top influential stocks) captured by the proposed model can spread the impact among other companies over the market by more than 50\% for strong influential network. However, for all other existing baseline centralities, the spreading performance is approximately 40\%.
The role of social media marketing of ESG in warehouse logistics
Authors: Błaszczyk Artur , Viet-Błaszczyk Milena Le 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Environment, social and governance (ESG) topic has attracted increasing attention from practitioners, especially in last 2 years. However, there is still a lack of a studies of this area in the context of modern warehouse logistics and how these activities are communicated in social media (SM). The purpose of this article is to explore this topic and present the results of quantitative research involving statistical analysis of the results of social media marketing publications on ESG. For these purposes, the researchers brought up the structured overview of ESG in warehouse logistics and made a netnographic investigation focused on the social media activities of companies that represent the largest market share. The results of the research evaluate the correlation between warehouse size and marketing performance, show areas of ESG, which are the most frequently communicated and the most attractive to customers from the perspective of engagement on LinkedIn. It can be a basis for future studies on the implementation of ESG activities in warehouses and can serve practitioners in selecting projects of interest and worth deploying.