bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Counterintuitive Reversal of Circular Dichroism via Controllable Plasmonic Guided Mode Resonance in Diatomic Metasurfaces
Authors: Cheng Jiaqi , Li Zhancheng , Choi Duk‐Yong , Liu Wenwei , Zhang Yuebian , Yu Shiwang , Cheng Hua , Tian Jianguo , Chen Shuqi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractChiral metasurfaces, featuring customizable chiroptical response, have shown great potential across diverse applications, including optical sensing, chiral emission, and light spin detection. However, most previous studies have focused on chiroptical response stemming from the resonance of nanoresonators or their coupling. Here, the great capability of controlling nonlocal resonance for achieving versatile manipulation of circular dichroism (CD) is demonstrated. A counterintuitive sign reversal of CD is realized by modulating the collective interference of the plasmonic guided mode resonances (GMRs) within diatomic metasurfaces. The designed metasurfaces, composed of two nanoresonators, can effectively couple both orthogonal linear‐polarized components of circularly polarized light to the same GMR. Through a simple adjustment of the spacing of nanoresonators to modulate the interference between GMRs, continuous variation and sign reversal of CD are achieved. Importantly, due to the fact that the modulation of GMRs does not impact the chiral resonant modes of the nanoresonators, the significant advantages of the designed metasurfaces in achieving chiral optical encryption are experimentally demonstrated. This work introduces an effective approach for the continuous manipulation of CD without altering the structural geometric chirality. It provides novel insights into exploring chiroptical mechanisms and holds promise for applications in chiral sensing and light spin detection.
Effect of B4C Particulates Addition on the Hardness of Polymeric Resins and Mode‐I Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of Carbon/Epoxy Textile Composite
Authors: Sharma Pawan , Mali Harlal Singh , Dixit Anurag , Parihar Ajitendra Singh 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis research explores the combined effect of hardness and stiffness on the Mode‐I interlaminar fracture toughness (ILFT) of carbon fabric‐reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite laminate using a double cantilever beam (DCB) test specimen. The micro‐sized hard ceramic boron carbide (B4C) particulates were reinforced with carbon fabric (high stiffness) in epoxy resin for the ILFT study. The B4C particulates were considered in 1000, 1500, and 2000 mesh sizes and 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 9% weight distribution for hardness study. The quality of particulates was ensured using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and x‐ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. A suitable combination of mesh size and weight distribution was obtained using the hardness study of B4C‐reinforced epoxy and vinylester composites, and B4C with plain and twill woven carbon fabric‐reinforced epoxy and vinylester composites. The 2000 mesh size B4C particulates at 3% weight distribution and plain woven carbon fabric‐reinforced epoxy composite exhibited the highest hardness value. This configuration was selected for the Mode‐I ILFT study. The composite panel was fabricated using a hand layup process followed by the vacuum‐assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) technique. The B4C‐reinforced CFRP composite exhibited 56.15% higher ILFT than the B4C‐unfilled CFRP composite. The B4C particulates significantly increase the Mode‐I ILFT of CFRP composite, however after reaching the peak load, unstable crack propagation, rapid crack jumps, and sudden load drops were observed in the DCB specimens due to the brittle nature of carbon fiber and sharp edges of B4C particulates.
Understanding Cancer Treatment Decision Making Among Cancer Survivors: Weighing Cancer Recurrence Versus Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Streck Brennan P. , Vo Jacqueline B. , Brandt Carolyn , Klein William M. P. , Han Paul , Ferrer Rebecca A. , Gillman Arielle S. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundNearly 20% of US cancer survivors develop cardiovascular disease (CVD) from cardiotoxic cancer treatments. Patients and providers may consider alternative treatments to lower cardiotoxicity risk, but these may be less effective at preventing relapse/recurrence, presenting a difficult tradeoff.AimsThis study explored survivors' cancer treatment decision‐making when weighing this tradeoff.MethodsUsing adjusted multivariable logistic regression, we examined 443 US survivors' risk perceptions (deliberative, affective, and intuitive) about cancer and CVD and associations of these with their selection between two hypothetical cancer treatments: Treatment A: 5% chance of cancer recurrence and 10% chance of CVD; Treatment B: 10% chance of recurrence and 5% chance of CVD. We explored the effects of delay discounting by randomizing to a condition describing cancer recurrence/CVD as either immediate or delayed.ResultsMore survivors (Mage = 48, range = 18–93; M = 10.8 years post‐diagnosis) selected Treatment A than Treatment B (72% v. 28%). Timing of onset was not associated with treatment selection. Greater affective risk perception (worry) about cancer was associated with increased odds of choosing Treatment A, whereas greater CVD worry was associated with decreased odds (OR‐cancer = 1.33, p = 0.006; OR‐CVD = 0.72, p = 0.007). Neither deliberative nor experiential risk perceptions were associated with treatment choice.ConclusionsSurvivors were more likely to select the treatment that minimized recurrence rather than CVD—regardless of the timing of onset. Treatment decision was linked to both cancer‐ and CVD‐related worry but not deliberative or experiential risk perceptions. During treatment discussions, clinicians should open conversations about the risks of treatment‐associated cardiotoxicity, the probabilities, and patients' relative worries about cancer and cardiotoxicity.
Generation of Reactive Species and Sulfamethoxazole Degradation in a Surface Packed‐Bed Discharge Reactor
Authors: Lv Bowei , Shang Kefeng , Lu Na , Yang Zitong , Guo Lei 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTA surface packed‐bed discharge reactor was designed to enhance the generation of reactive species in water. The pellets packed between discharge electrodes can intensify the electric discharge in water and produce reactive species of higher concentrations, and zirconia pellets had the highest energy efficiency for generating reactive species. Moreover, the degradation of sulfamethoxazole also demonstrated better performance of surface packed‐bed discharge than surface discharge on the generation of discharge plasma. At an applied voltage of 22 kV, the sulfamethoxazole degradation efficiency and energy efficiency of surface packed‐bed discharge were 2.1 and 1.6 times that of surface discharge.
Advanced Compressive Sensing and Dynamic Sampling for 4D‐STEM Imaging of Interfaces
Authors: Smith Jacob , Tran Hoang , Roccapriore Kevin M. , Shen Zhaiming , Zhang Guannan , Chi Miaofang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractInterfaces in energy materials and devices often involve beam‐sensitive materials such as fast ionic, soft, or liquid phases. 4D scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D‐STEM) offers insights into local lattice, strain charge, and field distributions, but faces challenges in analyzing beam‐sensitive interfaces at high spatial resolutions. Here, a 4D‐STEM compressive sensing algorithm is introduced that significantly reduces data acquisition time and electron dose. This method autonomously allocates probe positions on interfaces and reconstructs missing information from datasets acquired via dynamic sampling. This algorithm allows for the integration of various scanning schemes and electron probe conditions to optimize data integrity. Its data reconstruction employs a neural network and an autoencoder to correlate diffraction pattern features with measured properties, significantly reducing training costs. The accuracy of the reconstructed 4D‐STEM datasets is verified using a combination of explicitly and implicitly trained parameters from atomic resolution datasets. This method is broadly applicable for 4D‐STEM imaging of any local features of interest and will be available on GitHub upon publication.
Exploring the Role of Individual Learning for Human–AI Empowered Sustainability Transitions: An Integrative Review of Literature
Authors: Saltevo Ellen , Kutvonen Antero , Torkkeli Marko 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study explores the significance of individual learning in the context of sustainability transitions and examines the possibilities of augmenting human capabilities with artificial intelligence (AI). Looking beyond the predominant collective learning focus, this study presents an integrative literature review that elucidates the underlying factors (paradigm, learning needs, and competencies) and mechanisms (multilevel situational mechanisms; action formation mechanism of the combinatory learning process; and transformational mechanisms of evolutionary and relational nature) that influence the process and role of individual learning in the multilevel embedded context of sustainability transitions. A conceptual framework is developed to discuss the human-centric alignment of AI with these elements. The analysis identifies key points where AI can synergistically enhance the learning process, particularly in the restructuring of learning spaces and the facilitation of learning approaches that improve competency development. Conversely, potential risks are identified in the fitting management of the decentralized application of AI into learning processes, necessitating AI literacy to result in empowered agency. The results highlight the imperative to thoughtfully navigate the creation of human–AI-empowered learning systems by leveraging both systemic and individual perspectives for transparency for the optimized alignment of roles and responsibilities between humans and AI in the creation of an improved learning function necessary to steer sustainability transitions.
Das infizierte steife Kniegelenk – Dos and Don′ts
Authors: Ismailidis Petros , Clauss Martin 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Das infizierte steife Kniegelenk stellt eine erhebliche klinische Herausforderung dar, da bis heute eine universelle Behandlungsstrategie fehlt.

Ziel der Arbeit
Diese Arbeit zielt darauf ab, praxisnahe Empfehlungen zur Vermeidung von Steifigkeiten bei infizierten Kniegelenken in verschiedenen Kategorien zu geben: Protheseninfektionen (PJI), frakturbedingte Infektionen (FRI), Infektionen nach arthroskopischen Eingriffen mit Fremdmaterial und native septische Arthritis (SANJO).

Material und Methoden
Die aktuelle Literatur zu infizierten Kniegelenken wird analysiert mit Fokus auf Maßnahmen zur Erhaltung des Bewegungsumfangs. Publizierte Richtlinien, klinische Studien, Expertenmeinungen und die Erfahrungen der Autoren dieser Arbeit werden einbezogen.

Ergebnisse
Eine frühzeitige und präzise Diagnose ist entscheidend zur Vermeidung einer Gelenksteifigkeit. Eine klare operative Strategie bereits vor der ersten Operation sowie die frühe Einbeziehung eines interdisziplinären Teams (Infektiologie, Innere Medizin, Physiotherapie und ggf. plastische Chirurgie) sind essenziell. Frühzeitiges Débridement, ein spannungsfreier Wundverschluss und eine angemessene Schmerztherapie fördern die Mobilisation. Unnötige wiederholte Débridements, der Einsatz von „open wound negative pressure wound therapy“ (NPWT) und Drainagen sollten vermieden werden. Eine frühzeitige postoperative Mobilisation ist entscheidend; CPM-Schienen („continuous passive motion“) können unterstützend eingesetzt werden, während eine Ruhigstellung oder Bettruhe ohne klare Indikation vermieden werden sollten.

Schlussfolgerung
Die Eradikation des Infekts bleibt das Hauptziel, um eine langfristige Gelenkfunktion zu gewährleisten. Insgesamt bieten die beschriebenen Empfehlungen eine strukturierte Vorgehensweise zur Minimierung des Risikos einer Gelenksteifigkeit.
Effect of lactic fermentation and matrix on phenolic content, bioaccessibility, and scavenging activity of beetroot beverages
Authors: de Wolf Robyn Xanthe Mana , Hider Richard Norman , Breitmeyer Jason , Serventi Luca 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
With the rising interest in fermentation techniques and the FAO’s advice to increase fruit and vegetable consumption to lower disease risk, this study investigates the fermentation of two beetroot beverages: a low-fiber juice and a high-fiber puree-based beverage. The lactic fermentation process enhanced the free phenolic content in both juice and puree-based drink (from 2.37 to 4.83 mg/g and from 2.44 to 6.56 mg/g, respectively) and the antioxidant activity in the beetroot juice (from 19.7 to 45.99%), as assessed by colorimetric assays. The findings reveal no correlation between free phenolic content and antioxidant activity, suggesting that other factors, such as the structure of phenolics or the presence of compounds, like organic acids, play a role in antioxidant activity of beetroot beverages. Notably, although fermentation increased free phenolics, the juice exhibited decreased in vitro bioaccessibility of phenolics after fermentation (from 90.07 to 61.35%), while the puree showed an increase (from 63.99 to 92.14%). These observations highlight the dualistic role of fiber-phenolic interactions during fermentation: acting both as a protector against phenolic degradation and a barrier to intestinal absorption.
Adoptive NK cell therapy in AML: progress and challenges
Authors: Rady Mona , Mostafa Maha , Dida Gabriel , Sabet Fatima , Abou-Aisha Khaled , Watzl Carsten 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) using natural killer (NK) cells has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), addressing challenges such as chemotherapy resistance and high relapse rates. Over the years, clinical trials and studies have explored various sources of NK cells, including ex vivo expanded NK cell lines, CAR-NK cells, peripheral blood-derived NK cells, and umbilical cord blood-derived NK cells. These therapies have demonstrated varying degrees of therapeutic efficacy, ranging from transient anti-leukemia activity to sustained remission in select patient groups. Toxicity profiles have generally shown favorable safety outcomes, with minimal incidence of severe adverse effects such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS) or graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). However, persistent challenges remain, including limited NK cell persistence, relapse, and heterogeneity in patient responses. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of clinical outcomes and toxicity profiles provided from clinical trials, clinical studies and case reports conducted in the last 15 years to judge on the efficacy, safety and applicability of using NK cells for ACT of AML. Our review highlights the significant potential of NK cell-based therapies for AML, while addressing the technical and biological challenges that must be overcome to enhance their efficacy and safety.
Ambiguity in robotic surgical instruction: lessons from remote and in-person simulation
Authors: Brian Riley , Sterponi Laura , Murillo Alyssa , Oh Daniel , Chern Hueylan , Silverman Elliott , O’Sullivan Patricia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The rise of robotic surgery has been accompanied by numerous educational challenges as surgeons and trainees learn skills unique to the robotic platform. Remote instruction is a solution to provide surgeons ongoing education when in-person teaching is not feasible. However, surgical instruction faces challenges from unclear communication. We aimed to describe, examine, and compare ambiguities in remote and in-person robotic instruction. We designed a simulation scenario in which a standardized learner performed tasks in robotic surgery while making pre-scripted errors. Instructors provided remote or in-person instruction to the standardized learner. We applied tools from discourse analysis to transcribe sessions, identify instructional instances, classify ambiguities, and select passages for further review. We used tests of proportions to compare ambiguities between the settings. We conducted four simulation sessions, including two remote and two in-person sessions, and identified 206 instructional instances. Within these, we found 964 occurrences of three common semantic ambiguities, or ambiguities arising from words alone. Instructors used visual tools – thus employing multimodality – to clarify semantic ambiguities in 32% of instructional instances. We identified a similar degree of referential ambiguity, or ambiguity for which context from multimodality did not provide clarifying information, during remote (60%) and in-person (48%) instructional instances (p = 0.08). We described, examined, and compared ambiguities in remote and in-person instruction for simulated robotic surgery. Based on the high prevalence of ambiguity in both settings, we recommend that robotic instructors decrease referential ambiguity. To do so, instructors can reduce semantic ambiguity, harness multimodality, or both.
Pastoral hazardscapes in Aotearoa New Zealand: gender, land dispossession, and dairying in a warming climate
Authors: Griffin Christina , Wreford Anita , Cradock-Henry Nicholas A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The impacts of climate change are exposing vast stretches of dairy farms in the Waikato region of Aotearoa New Zealand to floods, droughts, and seawater inundation. This article describes how the Waikato ‘hazardscape’—co-created through processes of land dispossession, dairy intensification, and climate change—shapes the vulnerabilities and capacities of different dairy farming groups, specifically women, intergenerational, and Indigenous Māori farmers. Our findings show that while contemporary Māori owned dairy farms are sometimes situated on sub-optimal land as a result of decades of land dispossession, their size and collective ownership structures can support greater flexibility, diversification, and adaptive decision-making processes. The longevity and financial security of many non-Indigenous intergenerational dairy farms means they are also more able to invest in long-term adaptation decisions, albeit often tied to the continuation of dairying. Furthermore, within these farm units, dairy farm women make a significant contribution to adaptation goals, yet their unique adaptation strategies and requirements are often overlooked, particularly in industry-run settings. The article foregrounds how achieving equitable adaptation in Aotearoa New Zealand’s agricultural landscape will require more attention to the gendered impacts of climate change, and the ways in which access to land (or lack thereof) supports or creates barriers to flexible adaptation. We call for more diverse and inclusive platforms for adaptation planning that are receptive to envisioning alternative, more equitable, and ultimately lower risk ways of co-existing with hazards, while managing productive land.
How are the Spiritual Resources and Needs of Mental Health Consumers Identified and Documented by Staff upon Admission to an Australian Mental Health Service? A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Jones Kate Fiona , Best Megan C. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study investigated how the spiritual resources and needs of Australian mental health consumers are identified by staff during admission at an inner-city acute care hospital. A mixed-methods study was conducted incorporating an audit of medical records (n = 205), and a staff focus group (n = 6). The results revealed that information collected during admission is often limited to factors such as medical and social history. Although participants could identify benefits of asking about spirituality, reasons for not asking were also articulated. Staff training and better care planning were identified as two ways to improve awareness of patients’ spiritual needs.
How to Distinguish Motivated Reasoning from Bayesian Updating
Authors: Little Andrew T. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Can we use the way that people respond to information as evidence that partisan bias or directional motives influence political beliefs? It depends. Using one natural formalization of motivated reasoning as wanting to believe certain things (“once-motivated reasoning”), this is not possible. Anyone exhibiting this kind of motivated reasoning has a “Fully Bayesian Equivalent” with a different prior, who has identical posterior beliefs upon observing any signal. This result clarifies what we can and cannot learn from several prominent research designs and identifies a set of results inconsistent with both Bayesian updating and once-motivated reasoning. An expanded version of the model where subjects sometimes completely reject signals that lead to less pleasant beliefs (“twice-motivated reasoning”) can explain these anomalies. The models clarify which empirical tests can provide evidence for different kinds of motivated beliefs and can be incorporated into decision- and game-theoretic models.
Defining Mindfulness: A Review of Existing Definitions and Suggested Refinements
Authors: Chems-Maarif Ryad , Cavanagh Kate , Baer Ruth , Gu Jenny , Strauss Clara 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Mindfulness research is hampered by the multiplicity of definitions of mindfulness. This heterogeneity, as reflected in the variability of mindfulness scales, limits the ability to generalize findings and hinders attempts to synthesize available studies. This paper explores traditional and contemporary definitions of mindfulness, aiming to extract core components and provide a refined and clearly specified definition suitable for underpinning measurement in psychological science.

Method
This narrative review broadly analyzes and synthesizes the conceptual frameworks across various definitions of mindfulness to identify core components of mindfulness within Buddhist and psychological science literature.

Results
Traditional Buddhist definitions of mindfulness focus on (a) memory and remembrance, (b) present-centered awareness, and (c) ethicality, but lack conceptual commonality due to the diversity of Buddhist schools and to the intricate context in which mindfulness is embedded. Definitions in psychological science show greater conceptual agreement and emphasize (a) present-centered awareness and bare attention, and (b) attitudes of acceptance and non-judgment.

Conclusions
Taken together, there is a lack of conceptual commonality and clarity on mindfulness definitions, to the extent that it may be challenging to propose a single definition that fully encapsulates both Buddhist and psychological science perspectives. For the purposes of psychological science, refinements are suggested by (a) including four scopes of mindfulness that clarify present-centeredness as awareness of and attention to body sensations, affective valence (i.e., pleasant, unpleasant, neutral), cognition and emotional states (including impulses and action tendencies), and the external environment (i.e., external sensory experience and interpersonal interactions); and (b) emphasizing the allowing and equanimous attitudes as the key qualities of mindfulness. Mindfulness is therefore defined as: “present-centered awareness of and bare attention to body sensations, affective valence, cognitive and emotional phenomena, and the external environment with an allowing and equanimous attitude.”

Preregistration
The study is not preregistered.