bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fetal PR Interval in Pregnancies with Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Guerra Manuel , Montaño Ignacio , Haye María T. , Toro Victoria , Maiz Nerea 
Published: September 2023

Objective This study had three purposes: first, to explore differences in fetal cardiac function in patients with and without intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) based on PR interval (the interval between the beginning of the atrial contraction and the beginning of the ventricular contraction). Second, to explore a potential correlation between PR interval and bile acid levels in pregnant women with ICP. Third, to study changes in PR interval of fetuses from pregnant women with ICP after administration of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA).
Study Design This was a prospective observational case–control study. ICP was defined as palmar plantar pruritus of nocturnal predominance for more than 1 week associated with a total bile acid level >10 μmol/L. Control cases were women with pregnancies scheduled for induction or elective cesarean section at term.
Results One hundred and ten women with ICP and 72 controls were included in the study. Median gestational age at inclusion was 35.9 weeks. Median PR interval was significantly longer in fetuses of women with ICP (122 vs. 102 ms, p < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between bile acid levels and PR interval (rho = 0.723, p < 0.001). In 22 fetuses, the median PR interval decreased significantly following UDCA administration (134 vs. 118 ms, p = 0.004).
Conclusion PR interval is longer in fetuses of women with ICP. PR interval was significantly correlated with bile acid levels, and administration of UDCA significantly reduced PR interval.
Key Points
Reducing Opioid Prescribing after Cesarean Delivery by Utilizing a Tailored Opioid Prescribing Algorithm
Authors: McKenzie Christine P. , Straube Lacey E. , Webster Carolyn M. , Nielsen Matthew E. , Stuebe Alison M. 
Published: September 2023

Objective There are increasing efforts among health care systems to promote safe opioid prescribing; however, best practice for minimizing overprescription is not established. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of a tailored opioid prescribing algorithm on opioid prescription quantities.
Study Design A tailored opioid prescribing algorithm was developed to provide a recommended prescription quantity based on inpatient opioid use. A retrospective analysis of opioid prescribing 3 months before and after implementation was performed. Our primary outcome was the number of oxycodone 5-mg tablets prescribed. Subgroup analysis by oxycodone consumption in the 24 hour prior to discharge was performed. Patient satisfaction and unused opioid tablets were assessed by text message survey 2 weeks' postpartum.
Results We included 627 (n = 313 preimplementation; n = 314 postimplementation) patients who underwent cesarean delivery. Clinical characteristics were similar between groups. The median number of oxycodone 5-mg tablets prescribed in the baseline group was 20 (interquartile range [IQR]: 20–30), compared with 5 (IQR: 0–10) in the tailored prescribing group (p < 0.0001). For patients with no opioid use in the 24 hours prior to discharge, the median number of tablets prescribed decreased from 20 (IQR: 10–20) to 0 (IQR: 0–5) following the intervention (p < 0.0001). The proportion of patients discharged without an opioid prescription increased from 7% (23/313) in the baseline group to 35% (111/314) in the tailored prescribing group (odds ratio: 6.9, 95% confidence interval [4.3, 11.1]).
Conclusion Tailored opioid prescribing reduced the number of opioid tablets prescribed and increased the proportion of patients who were discharged without an opioid prescription.
Key Points
Transvaginal Ovarian Cyst Drainage in Third Trimester to Facilitate Vaginal Delivery
Authors: Meljen Vivienne T. , Avram Carmen M. , Kerner Nicole P. , Rhee Eleanor H. J. , Kuller Jeffrey A. , Wheeler Sarahn M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAdnexal masses in the third trimester of pregnancy may obstruct the pelvic outlet precluding labor induction and vaginal delivery. Expectant versus surgical management of adnexal cysts in pregnancy must carefully weigh maternal–fetal benefits and risks. Simple benign appearing cysts with low likelihood of malignancy may be amenable to percutaneous drainage as a bridge to interval postpartum laparoscopic cystectomy. We demonstrated posterior culdocentesis as a safe, minimally invasive technique to decompress a simple benign appearing left adnexal cyst obstructing the pelvic outlet in the third trimester at the time of labor induction to facilitate vaginal delivery and prevent primary cesarean delivery. Detailed sonographic cyst evaluation and counseling on underlying risk of malignancy must be considered to guide shared decision-making.
Geometry of cold snare polypectomy and risk of incomplete resection
Authors: Cronin Oliver , Kirszenblat David , Forbes Nauzer , Gupta Sunil , Whitfield Anthony , O'Sullivan Timothy , Gauci Julia , Abuarisha Muhammad , Wang Hunter , Burgess Nicholas G. , Lee Eric Y.T. , Williams Stephen J. , Bourke Michael J. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background Cold snare polypectomy (CSP) is safer than and equally efficacious as hot snare polypectomy (HSP) for the removal of small (<10mm) colorectal polyps. The maximum polyp size that can be effectively managed by piecemeal CSP (p-CSP) without an excessive burden of recurrence is unknown.
Methods Resection error risks (RERs), defined as the estimated likelihood of incomplete removal of adenomatous tissue for a single snare resection pass, for CSP and HSP were calculated, based on an incomplete resection rate. Polyp area, snare size, estimated number of resections, and optimal resection defect area were modeled. Overall risk of incomplete resection (RIR) was defined as RIR=1 – (1 – p)n, where p is the RER and n the number of resections.
Results A 40-mm polyp has a four times greater area than a 20-mm polyp (314.16mm2 vs. 1256.64mm2), and requires three times more resections (11 vs. 33, respectively, assuming 8-mm piecemeal resection pieces for p-CSP). RIRs for a 40-mm polyp by HSP and p-CSP were 15.1%–23% and 40.74%–60.60% respectively.
Conclusion RER is more important with p-CSP than with HSP. The number of resections, n, and consequently RIR increases with increasing polyp size. Given the overwhelming safety of CSP, specific techniques to minimize the RER should be studied and developed.
Simultaneous Minimally Invasive Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting and Lung Resection
Authors: Lianyong Jiang , Pengkai Gao , Xuefeng Zhang , Fangbao Ding , Hao Liu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background The best surgical treatment strategy for coexisting coronary artery disease (CAD) and lung cancer (LC) remains controversial. This study analyzed the safety and efficacy of a simultaneous minimally invasive procedure for patients with CAD and LC.
Methods Patients who underwent simultaneous minimally invasive off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting and lung resection from January 2016 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The procedure was performed in the fourth intercostal space through a small left anterolateral minithoracotomy. Harvesting of the left internal mammary artery (LIMA) and sewing of the anastomoses were performed under direct vision. Lung resections were performed with or without the assistance of a thoracoscope.
Results Sixteen patients were included with a mean age of 67.13 ± 10.61 years. Procedural success occurred in all patients with a mean operative time of 366.88 ± 94.48 minutes. All patients received at least one coronary artery bypass LIMA graft. Pneumonectomy, lobectomy, segment resection, and wedge resection were performed in one (6.25%), eight (50%), two (12.5%), and five (31.25%) patients, respectively. There were no perioperative deaths or new myocardial infarctions. Complications included one case of postoperative bleeding, two lung infections, two cases of atelectasis, one case of pleural effusion, and one case of cardiac arrhythmia. All the patients were followed up for 1 to 57 months, cancer recurrence occurred in two patients, and one patient died. The remaining patients showed no evidence of tumor recurrence or myocardial infarction.
Conclusion This simultaneous minimally invasive procedure is safe and effective for selected patients with CAD and LC.
Impact of BCL-2 Expression on Course of Disease in Neuroblastoma
Authors: Muehling Jakob , Fröba-Pohl Alexandra , Muensterer Oliver J. , von Schweinitz Dietrich , Kappler Roland 
Published: September 2023

Objective The antiapoptotic BCL-2 protein has implications for maturation and differentiation of neural tissue and acts as a strong modulator of carcinogenesis in different tumors. Recent research focuses not only on its benefit as a prognostic factor, but also as a potential therapeutic target. The role of BCL-2 in neuroblastoma, the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood, remains controversial. The aim of our study was to determine the gene expression level of BCL-2 in a large cohort of neuroblastoma patients and its correlation with clinical parameters.
Methods Tumor samples and clinical data were collected from 100 neuroblastoma patients treated according to the NB2004 protocol of the German Society of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology. BCL-2 gene expression levels were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and correlated with clinical parameters.
Results BCL-2 expression was detected in all tumor samples. Relative BCL-2 expression levels were higher in females versus males (1.839 vs. 1.342; p = 0.0143), in patients with low versus high International Neuroblastoma Staging System stage (2.051 vs. 1.463; p = 0.0206), in nonmetastatic versus metastatic disease (1.801 vs. 1.342; p = 0.0242), as well as in patients without presurgical chemotherapy (2.145 vs. 1.402; p = 0.0016), but was not associated with overall survival and MYCN amplification.
Conclusion Our study demonstrates the ubiquitous expression of BCL-2 in neuroblastoma and suggests the possibility for targeted therapy with BCL-2 inhibitors, even in lower-stage neuroblastoma. It also underlines the need for further research on concomitant genetic alterations for a better understanding of the impact of BCL-2 on this pediatric tumor type.
Modified 30-Degree Head-Up Tilt Park Bench Position in Semielective Posterior Fossa Surgery in a Patient with Pheochromocytoma
Authors: Sahin Sevtap Hekimoglu , Simsek Osman , Akinci Tolgay , Cakici Zafer 
Published: September 2023

AbstractVon Hippel–Lindau (VHL) disease is a rare genetic disorder associated with the central nervous system and visceral organs. Pheochromocytomas occur in 10% of VHL patients, while cerebellar tumors are common tumors in VHL syndrome, with an incidence of 60%. The most common position for posterior fossa operations is the park bench or lateral decubitus position. These positions have primarily replaced the sitting position. However, the advantages of the supine position cannot be overlooked. The coexistence of pheochromocytoma and the cerebellar tumor may require modification in surgical position and anesthesia management in line with possible pathophysiological changes. We present the anesthesia management in posterior fossa surgery in patients with postponed pheochromocytoma surgery. The present case highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary team approach and anesthetic management.
rs1800890 Polymorphism of IL-10 and Susceptibility to Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Zeylabi Fatemeh , Jalali Mohammad Taha , Kaydani Gholam-Abbas , Jaseb Kaveh , Saki Najmaldin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractImmune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an immune bleeding disorder that is reported in approximately 2 out of every 100,000 adults with a mean age of 50 years. Several factors such as various genetic backgrounds are associated with the pathogenesis of ITP. Interleukin (IL)-10 is a complicated cytokine that has a role in tumor progression, antitumor immunity, and immune system regulation. rs1800890 is an IL-10 single nucleotide polymorphism linked to lower levels of IL-10. A total of 67 patients with ITP and 70 healthy individuals (controls) were considered in this study. The IL-10 polymorphism was detected by the amplification refractory mutation system–polymerase chain reaction technique. According to our analysis, individual carriers of the AA genotype were less likely to develop ITP. The AT genotype was more common in patients with ITP in comparison to the control group. However, there was no significant association between rs1800890 genotypes (p = 0.775, odds ratio =1.517, 95%) in the acute and chronic groups. We observed that women had a higher mean frequency of this polymorphism (p = 0.0012). The rs1800890 AA genotype was associated with the highest platelet counts. However, the mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width values among alleles of the polymorphisms did not vary significantly. The IL-10 rs1800890 polymorphism may have a role in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura etiology. As a result, more research with a larger number of sample sizes is suggested.
Self-Reported Lipodystrophy and Self-Perception of Body Image in Adults with HIV
Authors: Soares Lismeia R. , Casseb Jorge , Sousa Luiz Vinicius de Alcantara , Veiga Glaucia Luciano da , Alves Beatriz da Costa Aguiar , Gascón Thaís , Fonseca Fernando L.A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction and Objectives Nutritional assessment in individuals infected with HIV-1 holds significance as it allows for indirect monitoring of physiological and morphological changes, identification of nutritional risks, and effective intervention to maintain or restore nutritional status. This, in turn, contributes to enhancing the quality of life for this population. This study aims to establish a connection between self-image perceptions and body composition, biochemical profiles, and the use of lipid-lowering medications among adults with HIV who are undergoing outpatient follow-up in São Paulo, Brazil.
Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted involving 231 adults, both on and off antiretroviral drugs. The study subjectively assessed two aspects: (1) alterations in the redistribution of body fat (referred to as self-reported lipodystrophy) and (2) self-perceptions of body image. These variables were subsequently correlated with the individuals' self-perceived body image.
Results The study included 67% (n = 154) men and 33% (n = 77) women, with 28.5% (n = 66) having been exposed to some form of protease inhibitor. Among the participants, 40% (n = 98) perceived alterations in the redistribution of body fat (lipodystrophy). Notable changes included fat loss in the face, arms, thighs, and buttocks (p = 0.004, 0.006, 0.001, and 0.001, respectively), along with increased waistlines (p = 0.001), prominent veins (p = 0.001), and the presence or increase of lipomas (p = 0.046).
Conclusion A positive correlation was observed between the use of lipid-lowering medications and self-perceptions of body image. In this study, anthropometric and biochemical parameters proved more effective in assessing changes in the distribution of body fat among people living with HIV/AIDS compared to the subjective self-reported method.
MilliKelvin microwave impedance microscopy in a dry dilution refrigerator
Authors: Cao Leonard Weihao , Wu Chen , Bhattacharyya Rajarshi , Zhang Ruolun , Allen Monica T. 
Published: September 2023

Microwave impedance microscopy (MIM) is a near-field imaging technique that has been used to visualize the local conductivity of materials with nanoscale resolution across the GHz regime. In recent years, MIM has shown great promise for the investigation of topological states of matter, correlated electronic states, and emergent phenomena in quantum materials. To explore these low-energy phenomena, many of which are only detectable in the milliKelvin regime, we have developed a novel low-temperature MIM incorporated into a dilution refrigerator. This setup, which consists of a tuning-fork-based atomic force microscope with microwave reflectometry capabilities, is capable of reaching temperatures down to 70 mK during imaging and magnetic fields up to 9 T. To test the performance of this microscope, we demonstrate microwave imaging of the conductivity contrast between graphite and silicon dioxide at cryogenic temperatures and discuss the resolution and noise observed in these results. We extend this methodology to visualize edge conduction in Dirac semi-metal cadmium arsenide in the quantum Hall regime.
Topological phase transitions and flat bands on an islamic lattice
Authors: Yan Xu-Hui , Qi Lu , Zhang Xiuyun , Liu Yongjun , He Ai-Lei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We construct an islamic lattice by considering the nearest-neighbor (NN) hoppings with staggered magnetic fluxes and the next-NN hoppings. This model supports abundant quantum phases for various values of filling fractions. At

1

/

4

filling, Chern insulator (CI) phases with Chern numbers

C
=
±
1
,

−
2

and a zero-Chern-number topological insulator (ZCNTI) phase exist. At

3

/

8

filling, several CI phases with Chern numbers

C
=
±
1
,

3

and the ZCNTI phase are obtained. For the filling fraction 3/4, CI phases with Chern numbers

C
=
±
1
,

2

and two ZCNTI phase areas appear. Interestingly, these ZCNTI phases host both robust corner states and gapless edge states which can be characterized by the quantized polarization and quadrupole moment. We further find that staggered magnetic fluxes can give rise to the ZCNTI state at

1

/

4

and

3

/

4

fillings. Phase diagrams for filling fractions

1

/

8

,

1

/

2

,

5

/

8

and

7

/

8

are presented as well. In addition, flat bands are obtained for various filling fractions by tuning the hopping parameters. At 1/8 filling, a best topological flat band (TFB) with flatness ratio about 12 appears. Several trivial flat bands but with total Chern number

|

C

|

=
1

emerge in this model and exactly flat band is found at 3/8 filling. We further investigate

ν
=
1

/

2

fractional Chern insulate state when hard-core bosons fill into this TFB model.
Electron contamination suppression in transmission detectors for radiotherapy
Authors: Beck Lana , De Sio Chiara , Hugtenburg Richard , Velthuis Jaap 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective. Higher energy and intensity radiotherapy beams are being used, in part, due to the increased spatial accuracy of treatments. However, higher intensity beams can result in a larger total dose error, motivating the increasing need for real-time dose monitoring. We are developing a thin, real-time upstream monolithic active pixel sensor based system for beam monitoring with excellent precision on measuring the beam shape. Here we present a method to additionally provide dosimetry by adding thin conversion material in strips to the surface of the detector, a grating structure. Approach. By modulating the thickness of the conversion material to minimally disturb the contamination electron signal while enhancing the photon signal, the difference in these signals can be used to extract a photon-only signal, and hence dose. The simulation software Gate, based on Geant4, is utilised to study whether well functioning gratings can be better made from aluminium or copper and to optimise the thickness of a copper grating. Main results. It is possible to enhance the photon signal by a factor 6.7 (7.7) compared to the bare sensor for a 5.8 (6.7) MV beam, without modulation of the signal due to beam electrons. Significance. The grating can be used to perform dosimetry in real-time using a thin upstream detector.
Azimuthal ion movement in HiPIMS plasmas—Part II: lateral growth fluxes
Authors: Schüttler Steffen , Thiemann-Monje Sascha , Held Julian , Keudell Achim von 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The transport of sputtered species from the target of a magnetron plasma to a collecting surface at the circumference of the plasma is analyzed using a particle tracer technique. A small chromium insert at the racetrack position inside a titanium target is used as the source of tracer particles, which are redeposited on the collecting surface. The azimuthal velocity of the ions along the racetrack above the target is determined from the Doppler shift of the optical emission lines of titanium and chromium. The trajectories are reconstructed from an analysis of the transport physics leading to the measured deposition profiles. It is shown that a simple direct line-of-sight re-deposition model can explain the data for low-power plasmas (direct current magnetron sputtering) and for pulsed high-power impulse magnetron plasmas (HiPIMS) by using the Thompson velocity distribution from the sputtering process as starting condition. In the case of a HiPIMS plasma, the drag force exerted on the ions and neutrals by the electron Hall current has to be included causing an azimuthal displacement in

E
⃗

×

B
⃗

direction. Nevertheless, the Thompson sputter distribution remains preserved for 50% of the re-deposited growth flux. The implications for the understanding of transport processes in magnetron plasmas are discussed.
Plenteous stationary wave patterns for (2+1) dimensional fokas system
Authors: Thilakavathy J , Amrutha R , Subramanian K , Sivatharani B 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper investigates the most straightforward extension of the (2+1) dimensional Nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation, termed the Fokas system. The evolution equation is trilinearized, employing a unique method called Truncated Painlevé Approach (TPA) for the (2+1) dimensional Fokas System (FS). In terms of arbitrary functions, this method finds relatively extensive classes of solutions. Localized solutions, including dromion triplet, lump, multi-compacton and multi-rogue wave are generated by efficiently utilizing arbitrary functions. The analysis reveals that the localized solutions evolved do not move in space and only their amplitude changes with time.
The energy dispersion of magnetic Rossby waves in zonally nonuniform basic states
Authors: Li YaoKun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The energy dispersion of magnetic Rossby waves was investigated by applying two-dimensional incompressible magnetohydrodynamic equations in both zonally varying basic flow and basic magnetic field. A derived cubic dispersion relation suggests that there are at most three types of magnetic Rossby wave. Two of them represent waves that gradually tend to Alfvén waves during the energy dispersion process. The energy dispersion trajectories (wave rays) finally move with the zonal group velocity that tends to be equal to the zonal phase speed after being reflected by at least one turning location at which the meridional group velocity equal to zero. Along the marching rays, both the wave action density and wave energy tend to be constant values while the wave amplitude will decrease with increasing total wavenumber. The third one represents a wave that gradually have the constant meridional wavenumber, wave action density, wave energy, and wave amplitude. However, the difference in the zonal group velocity and the zonal phase speed suggests that the wave is still dispersive. This type of wave will disappear if specifying uniform basic magnetic field. The cubic dispersion relation is then reduced to a quadratic one. Correspondingly, the remaining two dispersion relations feature a fast- and a slow-propagating magnetic Rossby wave, respectively. They finally tend to be Alfvén waves with no energy dispersion when the energy dispersion process completes.