bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are we aware of stroke risk factors and warning signs amid COVID-19? Knowledge and attitude towards risk-factors, signs and symptoms of stroke among the UAE population during COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Ramadan Azza , Kharaba Zelal , Ghemrawi Rose , Elnour Asim Ahmed , Hussain Nadia , Kouhgard Parisa , Al-Damook Nosayba , Abou Hait Shymaa , Al Ghanem Lena , Atassi Rawan , Chkh Sobeh Ranem , Z. Al Meslamani Ahmad 
Published: March 2023

Background: Despite significant advancements in healthcare, the burden of stroke continues to rise in the developed world, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Association between COVID-19 infection and stroke is well established. Factors identified for the delay in presentation and management include a lack of awareness regarding stroke. We aimed to assess the general public knowledge and attitudes on stroke and stroke risk factors in the United Arab Emirates during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2021 and January 2022 among adults ≥18 years old. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics and stroke knowledge and attitudes. Knowledge and attitude scores were calculated based on the number of correct responses. Linear regression analysis was performed to determine the factors related to knowledge and attitude towards stroke. Results: Of the 500 respondents, 69.4% were females, 53.4% were aged between 18 and 25, and nearly half were students (48.4%). The mean knowledge score was 13.66 (range 2-24). Hypertension (69%), smoking (63.2%), stress (56.4%) obesity/overweight (54.4%), and heart disease (53.6%) were identified as risk factors. Overall, the knowledge of signs/symptoms was suboptimal. The mean attitude score was 4.41 (range, 1-6); 70.2% would call an ambulance if someone were having a stroke. A monthly income of 11,000-50,000 AED and being a student were associated with positive knowledge. Being a non-health worker and lacking access to electronic media sources were associated with worse attitudes. Conclusion: Overall, we identified poor knowledge and suboptimal attitudes toward stroke. These findings reflect the need for effective public health approaches to improve stroke awareness, knowledge, and attitudes for effective prevention in the community. Presently, this is of utmost necessity, given the increased occurrence of stroke and its severity among COVID-19 patients.
Optimal control model of human-to-human transmission of monkeypox virus
Authors: Ackora-Prah Joseph , Okyere Samuel , Bonyah Ebenezer , Adebanji Atinuke Olusola , Boateng Yaw 
Published: March 2023

Background: The number of monkeypox cases is rising globally, but it’s unclear how many instances there will be in the near future. The disease has been one of the major problems for sub-Saharan Africans in the past few years. Methods: A deterministic mathematical model incorporating optimal controls has been developed in this research to investigate the transmission of the monkeypox virus. The model’s fundamental properties such as positivity and boundedness of solution, and basic reproduction number have been examined. In order to assess the efficacy of two preventative control strategies—public education and vaccination—optimal controls were included in the model and Pontragyin’s maximum principle used to characterized the model. Results: Public education was found to have less of an effect on those who were vulnerable than vaccine control. However, both approaches were successful in reducing the number of people who were exposed to the illness and reducing the number of fatalities. Additionally, vaccination increases a person’s immunity, which speeds up their recovery. Conclusions: A deterministic classical model incorporating optimal controls was proposed to study the monkeypox virus dynamics in a population. The disease is not endemic, which is explained by the model’s basic reproduction number, which was less than unity. Based on the findings of this study, we advise vaccine control plan as the most effective preventative measure.
The complete genome sequences of Penicillium concavorugulosum
Authors: Ramachela Khosi , Segone Galaletsang 
Published: March 2023

The fungal genus Penicillium and many other soil-borne fungi have widely been reported to create soil myco-rhizhospheric conditions that influence plant growth. These fungal species are relatively difficult to differentiate to species level. Of the three Penicillium species that were morphologically identified, one isolate was established to have a bio-suppressive effect on Fusarium oxysporum. Molecular identification using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was carried out to accurately identify this isolate to species level. The BLAST consensus and alignments of related species was carried out. The species was identified as Penicillium concavorugulosum (NCBI accession number MK841454.1).
Using the HIV Prevention Self-Assessment Tools (PSAT) to assess and monitor sex workers HIV programmes in selected countries in Africa
Authors: Emmanuel Faran , Lunika Lulama , Swart-Van Biljon Jani , Mangold Kerry , Khan Mohamed , Crozier Puveshni , Byamukama Daniel , Poku Fred Nana , Okey-Uchendu Ezinne , Kagashe Magreth J. , Mazive Josefa , Mubanga Ellen MC. , Madondo Celeste , Yekeye Raymond , Mugambi Mary , Gondwe Dominic , Kindyomunda Rosemary M. , Modisaotsile Innocent , Benedikt Clemens , Bhattacharjee Parinita 
Published: March 2023

Background: The HIV Prevention Self-Assessment Tools (PSATs) were developed by the Global Prevention Coalition as an easy-to-use tool for country-led review of national HIV prevention response against a global standardised set of programmatic components. As part of the South to South Learning Network (SSLN), country-level data on HIV prevention programmes for sex workers were collected by 10 African countries, using the PSAT to self-assess their HIV prevention progress. Methods: Data were collected August 2020 to July 2021 from participating countries. In each country, a technical team of 8-10 members completed the tool with support from the SSLN. The PSAT collects data for three programme domains: management, implementation and outcomes and sustainability, each of which comprises essential programme functions and elements. Once all elements are scored, the tool automatically calculates the final scores for each domain, on a scale of 1-5. Also, 15 interviews were conducted with 15 country leaders to understand the ease and usefulness of the PSAT process. Results: The overall PSAT scores ranged between 4.1 (Kenya) to 2.3 in Zambia. Of the three domains, Programme Management achieved the highest scores, with four countries (Kenya, Ghana, Zimbabwe, and South Africa) scoring more than four. High scores were seen in the Programme Implementation domain as well; five countries (Zimbabwe, South Africa, Mozambique, Malawi and Uganda) scored between 3 to 4. For Programme Outcomes and Sustainability, other than Kenya, which did not score the outcomes, all countries scored poorly with scores ranging between 3.8 to 1.5. Comparing PSAT scores with UNAIDS suggested epidemic metrics have shown that countries with the highest PSAT scores also have high condom use rates and significant reductions in HIV incidence from 2010 to 2019. Conclusions: This exercise has helped country’s leadership to self-reflect on their HIV prevention programmes, increase ownership and identify areas that need strengthening.
Validation of the rates of adverse event incidence in administrative healthcare data through patient chart review: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Connolly Anna , Kirwan Marcia , Matthews Anne 
Published: March 2023

Background: Patient safety is a key issue for health systems and a growing global public health challenge. Administrative healthcare data provide a coded summary of a patient and their encounter with the healthcare system. These aggregated datasets are often used to inform research and decisions relating to health service planning and therefore it is vital that they are accurate and reliable. Given the reported inaccuracy of these datasets for detecting and recording adverse events, there have been calls for validation studies to explore their reliability and investigate further their potential to inform research and health policy. Researchers have since carried out validation studies on the rates of adverse events in administrative data through chart reviews therefore, it seems appropriate to identify and chart the evidence and results of these studies within a scoping review. Methods: The scoping review will be conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for scoping reviews. A search of databases such as PubMed, CINAHL, ScienceDirect and Scopus will be conducted in addition to a search of the reference lists of sourced publications and a search for grey literature. Following this, Covidence will be used to screen the sourced publications and subsequently extract data from the included sources. A numerical summary of the literature will be presented in addition to a charting based on the qualitative content analysis of the studies included. Conclusions: This protocol provides the structure for the conduct of a review to identify and chart the evidence on validation studies on rates of adverse events in administrative healthcare data. This review will aim to identify research gaps, chart the evidence of and highlight any flaws within administrative datasets to improve extraction and coding practices and enable researchers and policy makers to use these data to their full potential.
Wearable point-of-view live streaming technology in a virtual airway management workshop for medical students
Authors: Zwaiman Ashley , Xie Mary , Tackey Caleb , Khoury Mark , Wintraub Lauren , Ho Bernice , Leung Fok-Han , Wassermann Jeffrey 
Published: March 2023

Background: Trauma resuscitation skills are an essential part of medical training. Airway management skills are often learned via simulation-based training, but physical distancing restrictions have forced medical schools to transition their preclinical curricula to a virtual format. A wearable, point-of-view (POV), live streaming tool was piloted in a virtual airway management workshop to preclinical medical students to address limitations in the standard online curriculum. Methods: An anesthesiologist instructor donned a chest-mounted smartphone that captured POV video as it was connected to a Zoom video conference call. Simultaneously, a second camera view from a different angle was streamed from a laptop webcam. Preclinical medical student attendees watched the facilitator demonstrate airway management and resuscitation skills on a simulation mannequin. Student perceptions of the workshop were assessed via standardised course evaluations administered through the online student portal and a questionnaire distributed by the course representative. Results: Qualitative and quantitative course evaluation data showed that although this platform may not completely substitute in-person learning, students appreciated the alternative teaching style, particularly the use of POV video and multiple camera views. Generally, students believed that the learning objectives were achieved. Camera stability, camera positioning, and the distracting nature of the virtual student-instructor interactions were identified as areas for improvement. Conclusions: Moving forward, this innovative workshop format can act as a valuable framework for other institutions that wish to bridge gaps in current virtual education methods and enhance technical skills training in medical learners.
Adaptive clinical trials in public health emergency contexts: ethics considerations
Authors: Singh Jerome Amir 
Published: March 2023

While Adaptive Clinical Trials (ACTs) have grown in prevalence, prominence, and impact, the ethical issues implicit in such trial designs, particularly in the context of public health emergencies, have been afforded relatively scant attention. This work argues that the ethical dimensions of ACTs should be considered at trial conception, factored into the trial’s design, and subject to ongoing evaluation during the trial’s conduct.
Learning from Their Daughters: Family Exposure to Gender Disparity and Female Representation in Male-Led Ventures
Authors: Wu Zhiyan , Naldi Lucia , Wennberg Karl , Uman Timur 
Published: March 2023

We build on recent studies on daughter-to-father influence to explore how male founders’ fatherhood of daughters impacts female representation in their ventures. We find that, conditional on the total number of children, fathering an additional daughter versus a son is associated with a 4% (11%) increase in female director (employee) representation. This daughter-to-father effect gradually matures as daughters grow up and socialize in schools and workplaces, and it increases as daughters age, suggesting that male founders vicariously learn from their daughters about the constraints women face throughout the daughters’ life cycles. Heterogeneity analyses (regarding founder cohort, divorce status, and social class), combined with qualitative evidence, further substantiate the plausibility of vicarious learning as a potential yet understudied mechanism underlying daughter effects. In addition, daughter effects on employee recruitment are concentrated in microbusinesses (number of employees is ≤10) where the founder is close in decision authority to all employees. These findings add important nuances to our understanding of daughter effects in organizational contexts and extend theory of gender homophily in organizations. This paper was accepted by Olav Sorenson, organizations. Funding: K. Wennberg acknowledges funding from the Swedish Royal Academy of Letter. Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4727 .
CONSTRUÇÃO DE UM MEDIDOR DE CARGA E ENERGIA ARMAZENADA EM CAPACITORES UTILIZANDO A PLATAFORMA ARDUINO
Authors: Junior Schiavon Gilson , Destefano Ataides Andreza , Corci Batista Michel , Rodrigues dos Santos Oscar , Sérgio Braga Wladimir , Ramos Souto Alexandre 
Published: March 2023

Neste trabalho, foi construído um dispositivo formado por uma placa Arduino UnoRev3 que fornece experimentalmente a carga e a energia armazenadas em capacitores. A finalidade é utilizá-lo como uma alternativa em laboratório de ensino de física permitindo analisar a evolução temporal da tensão, corrente e a carga nos terminais de um capacitor. Os resultados estão em excelente concordância no que diz respeito aos valores nominais e aqueles obtidos experimentalmente, com erro inferior a 5%. O Arduino, enquanto tecnologia apresenta uma infinidade de opções para o professor usar em sala, visto que, a robótica educacional é um campo que cresce, atraindo a atenção dos estudantes, para uma nova visão da educação e sobretudo uma nova forma de aprender, e colocar em prática os conteúdos. Com relação ao custo/benefício torna-se uma excelente opção, pois tem custo relativamente baixo perante as diversas possibilidades de medidas que oferece. A metodologia vem no sentido de despertar o interesse do aluno, tornando os conteúdos mais atrativos. Os conceitos físicos, vivenciados através da prática, torna mais efetivo o processo ensino-aprendizagem, fazendo com que o aluno se aproprie, de forma prazerosa, do conhecimento científico.
Enabling rotary atomic layer deposition for optical applications
Authors: Kochanneck Leif , Rönn John , Tewes Andreas , Hoffmann Gerd-Albert , Virtanen Sauli , Maydannik Philipp , Sneck Sami , Wienke Andreas , Ristau Detlev 
Published: March 2023

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) has been proven as an excellent method for depositing high-quality optical coatings due to its outstanding film quality and precise process control. Unfortunately, batch ALD requires time-consuming purge steps, which leads to low deposition rates and highly time-intensive processes for complex multilayer coatings. Recently, rotary ALD has been proposed for optical applications. In this, to the best of our knowledge, novel concept, each process step takes place in a separate part of the reactor divided by pressure and nitrogen curtains. To be coated, substrates are rotated through these zones. During each rotation, an ALD cycle is completed, and the deposition rate depends primarily on the rotation speed. In this work, the performance of a novel rotary ALD coating tool for optical applications is investigated and characterized with SiO2 and Ta2O5 layers. Low absorption levels of <3.1ppm and <6.0ppm are demonstrated at 1064 nm for around 186.2 nm thick single layers of Ta2O5 and 1032 nm SiO2, respectively. Growth rates up to 0.18 nm/s on fused silica substrates were achieved. Furthermore, excellent non-uniformity is also demonstrated, with values reaching as low as ±0.53% and ±1.07% over an area of 135×60mm for Ta2O5 and SiO2, respectively.
Konzepte für sichere wallets in dezentralen Identitätsökosystemen
Authors: Bastian Paul , Kraus Micha , Fischer Jörg 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungDezentrale Identitätsökosysteme bieten vielversprechende Lösungen für vielfältige Anwendungen in der Privatwirtschaft und öffentlichen Verwaltung. Die Anwendungen haben dabei sehr unterschiedliche Bedürfnisse und regulierte Umgebungen stellen hohe Sicherheitsanforderungen an die wallet und die von ihr verwalteten credentials. Gleichzeitig bietet der Smartphone-Markt ein fragmentiertes Feld an Sicherheitslösungen. Wir untersuchen die sicherheitstechnischen Voraussetzungen einer mobilen, nativen Wallet-Architektur für selbstbestimmte Nutzende und bewerten die vorhandenen sicherheitstechnischen Lösungsbausteine für hardwaregebundene Schlüsselspeicher, Biometrie sowie Gegebenheiten der Betriebssysteme Android und iOS. Die regulatorischen Anforderungen werden durch Maßnahmen wie Gerätebindung, Nutzerbindung sowie Authentisierung der wallet und der anfragenden Partei adressiert. Wir analysieren und bewerten die verschiedenen Varianten und Ausprägungen und leiten daraus einen interoperablen und privatsphäreorientierten Prozess für die vertrauenswürdige Ausstellung und Verifikation von Identitätsnachweisen ab und beschreiben das zugrunde liegende Vertrauensmodell. Wir diskutieren die Vorteile und Nachteile des Systems und geben einen Ausblick auf die weiteren Entwicklungen der Wallet-Sicherheit.
Evaluating the adoption of voice recognition technology for real-time dictation in a rural healthcare system: A retrospective analysis of dragon medical one
Authors: Onitilo Adedayo A. , Shour Abdul R. , Puthoff David S. , Tanimu Yusuf , Joseph Adedayo , Sheehan Michael T. 
Published: March 2023

Background
In 2013, Marshfield Clinic Health System (MCHS) implemented the Dragon Medical One (DMO) system provided by Nuance Management Center (NMC) for Real-Time Dictation (RTD), embracing the idea of streamlined clinic workflow, reduced dictation hours, and improved documentation legibility. Since then, MCHS has observed a trend of reduced time in documentation, however, the target goal of 100% adoption of voice recognition (VR)-based RTD has not been met.

Objective
To evaluate the uptake/adoption of VR technology for RTD in MCHS, between 2018–2020.

Methods
DMO data for 1,373 MCHS providers from 2018–2020 were analyzed. The study outcome was VR uptake, defined as the median number of hours each provider used VR technology to dictate patient information, and classified as no/yes. Covariates included sex, age, US-trained/international medical graduates, trend, specialty, and facility. Descriptive statistics and unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analyses were performed. Stata/SE.version.17 was used for analyses. P-values less than/equal to 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results
Of the 1,373 MCHS providers, the mean (SD) age was 48.3 (12.4) years. VR uptake was higher than no uptake (72.0% vs. 28.0%). In both unadjusted and adjusted analyses, VR uptake was 4.3 times and 7.7 times higher in 2019–2020 compared to 2018, respectively (OR:4.30,95%CI:2.44–7.46 and AOR:7.74,95%CI:2.51–23.86). VR uptake was 0.5 and 0.6 times lower among US-trained physicians compared to internationally-trained physicians (OR:0.53,95%CI:0.37–0.76 and AOR:0.58,95%CI:0.35–0.97). Uptake was 0.2 times lower among physicians aged 60/above than physicians aged 29/less (OR:0.20,95%CI:0.10–0.59, and AOR:0.17,95%CI:0.27–1.06).

Conclusion
Since 2018, VR adoption has increased significantly across MCHS. However, it was lower among US-trained physicians than among internationally-trained physicians (although internationally physicians were in minority) and lower among more senior physicians than among younger physicians. These findings provide critical information about VR trends, physician factors, and which providers could benefit from additional training to increase VR adoption in healthcare systems.
A three protein signature fails to externally validate as a biomarker to predict surgical outcome in high-grade epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Hawarden Amy , Price Marcus , Russell Bryn , Wilson Godfrey , Farrelly Laura , Embleton-Thirsk Andrew , Parmar Mahesh , Edmondson Richard 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionFor patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer, complete surgical cytoreduction remains the strongest predictor of outcome. However, identifying patients who are likely to benefit from such surgery remains elusive and to date few surgical outcome prediction tools have been validated. Here we attempted to externally validate a promising three protein signature, which had previously shown strong association with suboptimal surgical debulking (AUC 0.89, accuracy 92.8%), (Riester, M., et al., (2014)).Methods238 high-grade epithelial ovarian cancer samples were collected from patients who participated in a large multicentre trial (ICON5). Samples were collected at the time of initial surgery and before randomisation. Surgical outcome data were collated from prospectively collected study records. Immunohistochemical scores were generated by two independent observers for the three proteins in the original signature (POSTN, CXCL14 and pSmad2/3). Predictive values were generated for individual and combination protein signatures.ResultsWhen assessed individually, none of the proteins showed any evidence of predictive affinity for suboptimal surgical outcome in our cohort (AUC POSTN 0.55, pSmad 2/3 0.53, CXCL 14 0.62). The combined signature again showed poor predictive ability with an AUC 0.58.ConclusionsDespite showing original promise, when this protein signature is applied to a large external cohort, it is unable to accurately predict surgical outcomes. This could be attributed to overfitting of the original model, or differences in surgical practice between cohorts.