bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Synthesis of the Rare-Earth Fluoride Gagarinite-(Ce) by Fluid-Induced Alteration of Chevkinite-(Ce)
Authors: Bagiński Bogusław , Jokubauskas Petras , Matyszczak Witold , Stachowicz Marcin , Kotowski Jakub , MacDonald Ray , Harlov Daniel E. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Gagarinite-(Ce) [Na(Ca,Ce)2F6] has been synthesized as a product in experiments designed to examine the fluid-induced alteration of chevkinite-(Ce). The experiments were conducted at 600 °C and 400 MPa for 21 days and at 550 °C and 200 MPa for 63 days. At 600 °C, a rim of gagarinite-(Ce) was seen to develop around chevkinite-(Ce), which was itself enclosed in a glassy, amorphous material containing inclusions of albite. At 550 °C, the chevkinite-(Ce) was observed to be surrounded by a rim of gagarinite-(Ce) and fluorbritholite-(Ce), which in turn was enclosed in massive narsarsukite with inclusions of albite. This assemblage was associated with a sodic pyroxene. In the 550 °C run both rims with gagarinite-(Ce) were subsequently overgrown by both Ce-bearing frankdicksonite and a lamprophyllite group mineral identified as delindeite. Electron probe microanalyses are given of all reactant phases. The stability conditions of gagarinite-(Ce) are in accord with those inferred from the only natural occurrence, Strange Lake, Canada. The formation of gagarinite-(Ce) is ascribed to NaF being the only component added in the experiments, resulting in a very high Na/Ca ratio in the system. New parageneses for narsarsukite, frankdicksonite, and delindeite are reported.
Trends and Seasonality of Emergency Department Visits and Hospitalizations for Suicidality Among Children and Adolescents in the US from 2016 to 2021
Authors: Kim Youngran , Krause Trudy Millard , Lane Scott D. 
Published: July 2023

ImportanceThe detection of seasonal patterns in suicidality should be of interest to clinicians and US public health officials, as intervention efforts can benefit by targeting periods of heightened risk.ObjectivesTo examine recent trends in suicidality rates, quantify the seasonality in suicidality, and demonstrate the disrupted seasonality patterns during the spring 2020 COVID-19–related school closures among US children and adolescents.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis population-based, descriptive cross-sectional study used administrative claims data from Optum’s deidentifed Clinformatics Data Mart Database. Participants included children aged 10 to 12 years and adolescents aged 13 to 18 years who were commercially insured from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2021. Statistical analysis was conducted between April and November 2022.ExposuresMonth of the year and COVID-19 pandemic.Main Outcomes and MeasuresRates and seasonal patterns of emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations for suicidality.ResultsThe analysis included 73 123 ED visits and hospitalizations for suicidality reported between 2016 and 2021. Among these events, 66.1% were reported for females, and the mean (SD) age at the time of the event was 15.4 (2.0) years. The mean annual incidence of ED visits and hospitalizations for suicidality was 964 per 100 000 children and adolescents (95% CI, 956-972 per 100 000), which increased from 760 per 100 000 (95% CI, 745-775 per 100 000) in 2016 to 1006 per 100 000 (95% CI, 988-10 024 per 100 000) in 2019, with a temporary decrease to 942 per 100 000 (95% CI, 924-960 per 100 000) in 2020 and a subsequent increase to 1160 per 100 000 (95% CI, 1140-1181 per 100 000) in 2021. Compared with January, seasonal patterns showed peaks in April (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 1.15 [95% CI, 1.11-1.19]) and October (IRR, 1.24 [95% CI, 1.19-1.29]) and a nadir in July (IRR, 0.63 [95% CI, 0.61-0.66]) during pre–COVID-19 years and 2021. However, during the spring of 2020, which coincided with school closures, seasonal patterns were disrupted and April and May exhibited the lowest rates.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this study indicated the presence of seasonal patterns and an observed unexpected decrease in suicidality among children and adolescents after COVID-19–related school closures in March 2020, which suggest a potential association between suicidality and the school calendar.
Near‐Infrared‐II Fluorophore with Inverted Dependence of Fluorescence Quantum Yield on Polarity as Potent Phototheranostics for Fluorescence‐Image‐Guided Phototherapy of Tumors
Authors: Li Mengyuan , Lu Zhuoting , Zhang Jiaxin , Chen Liying , Tang Xialian , Jiang Quanheng , Hu Qinglian , Li Lin , Liu Jie , Huang Wei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOrganic phototheranostics simultaneously having fluorescence in the second near‐infrared (NIR‐II, 1000–1700 nm) window, and photothermal and photodynamic functions possess great prospects in tumor diagnosis and therapy. However, such phototheranostics generally suffer from low brightness and poor photodynamic performance due to severe solvatochromism. Herein, an organic NIR‐II fluorophore AS1, which possesses an inverted dependence of fluorescence quantum yield on polarity, is reported to serve as potent phototheranostics for tumor diagnosis and therapy. After encapsulation of AS1 into nanostructures, the obtained phototheranostics (AS1R) exhibit high extinction coefficients (e.g., 68200 L mol−1 cm−1 at 808 nm), NIR‐II emission with high fluorescence quantum yield up to 4.7% beyond 1000 nm, photothermal conversion efficiency of ≈65%, and 1O2 quantum yield up to 4.1%. The characterization of photophysical properties demonstrates that AS1R is superior to other types of organic phototheranostics in brightness, photothermal effect, and photodynamic performance at the same mass concentration. The excellent phototheranostic performance of AS1R enables clear visualization and complete elimination of tumors using a single and low injection dose. This study demonstrates the merits and prospects of NIR‐II fluorophore with inverted polarity dependence of fluorescence quantum yield as high‐performance phototheranostic agents for fluorescence imaging and phototherapy of tumors.
Key soil properties and their relationships with crop yields as affected by soil–landscape rehabilitation
Authors: Schneider Sharon K. , Sutradhar Apurba K. , Duke Sara E. , Lehman R. Michael , Schumacher Thomas E. , Lobb David A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTillage and water erosion induce spatially dependent changes in soil properties that influence productivity. Soil–landscape rehabilitation (returning translocated topsoil to landscape positions of soil loss by erosion) is one method to improve the productivity of severely eroded land. The objective of this study was to investigate relationships among key soil chemical, biological, and physical factors and crop growth and grain yield in eroded and rehabilitated landform positions. Soil–landscape rehabilitation was performed by moving 15–20 cm of topsoil from the lower slope to the upper slope positions of replicate plots; adjacent plots were left in their eroded condition. Crop response was monitored for 6 years. Rehabilitation resulted in large changes in the upper slope, especially in the most eroded landscape positions, where rehabilitated plots had lower inorganic carbon (IC) and higher organic carbon, available macronutrients, water infiltration rates, fungal and bacterial populations, and other measures of soil quality compared with control plots. Differences in surface soil IC that result from extensive erosion exposing calcareous subsoils, explained 70% of the yield variability in the upper slope. In the lower slope, the soil removal treatment was the main predictor of crop yield. Areas of soil removal had relatively high early‐season water content and low fungal and bacterial populations. Improving soil properties in areas of high soil loss by erosion increased both grain yield and yield stability across climatic conditions.
Isolated adductor longus avulsion in a young semi‐professional football player: Imaging contribution and therapeutic considerations
Authors: Abate Michele , Sammarchi Luigi , Calà Roberto , Milesi Giacomo , Poerio Carmine Stefano , Del Vescovo Riccardo , Corvino Antonio , Delli Pizzi Andrea , Cocco Giulio , Salini Vincenzo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAdductor longus injuries are usually observed at the proximal musculo‐tendinous junction, but isolated tendinous ruptures (i.e., avulsion) at the origin on the pubic bone are uncommon. In this article, we report a new case of isolated adductor longus avulsion that occurred in a young athlete and was treated with conservative therapy. An 18 years old semi‐professional football player, in the attempt to reach the ball with his right leg, reported acute pain and functional limitation in his left adductor area. Clinical examination showed tenderness on palpation associated with mild swelling. Manual strength testing of adductor muscles showed weakness and elicited moderate pain in the proximal groin region near the pubic bone. The diagnostic evaluations (ultrasound [3–14 MHz linear probe] and magnetic resonance imaging [1.5 Tesla magnetic field]), performed a few days after the event, showed a complete isolated avulsion of the proximal adductor longus tendon associated with a fluid collection, with a gap of about 9.5 mm from its insertion on the pubic bone. Degenerative alterations (sub‐chondral sclerosis, bone edema, erosions, cortical irregularities, calcifications) were found. These findings were crucial in the treatment choice because conservative management is suggested when the gap is below 1 cm and when no important displacement of proximal torn tendon's end at dynamic ultrasound is appreciated. A structured rehabilitation protocol was implemented, allowing the player to come back to his full athletic activity after 146 days. Return to play was allowed when several subjective and objective parameters were fully satisfied (full hip range of motion, pain‐free football‐specific activities, less than a 5%–10% difference in hip adduction strength between the injured and uninjured legs, advanced anatomical healing of the adductor longus tendon seen on diagnostic exams, and Hip And Groin Outcome Score [HAGOS] scores similar to baseline data). This case report emphasizes the importance of diagnostic imaging and clinical assessments in the management of an adductor longus avulsion with short retraction (about 1 cm). Both imaging techniques are non‐invasive and without risks, allow contra‐lateral examination and may guide in the treatment choice; moreover, they significantly influence the post‐care approach by enabling to fine‐tune a safe return to full athletic activity with minor re‐injury rate. While US can be used as primary imaging modality, MRI offers a higher level of accuracy.
New dynamical degrees of freedom from invertible transformations
Authors: Jiroušek Pavel , Shimada Keigo , Vikman Alexander , Yamaguchi Masahide 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We show that invertible transformations of dynamical variables can change the number of dynamical degrees of freedom. Moreover, even in cases when the number of dynamical degrees of freedom remains unchanged, the resulting dynamics can be essentially different from the one of the system prior to transformation. After giving concrete examples in point particle cases, we discuss changes in dynamics due to invertible disformal transformations of the metric in gravitational theories.
Berufsbedingte Unterschiede bei COVID-19-Morbidität und -Mortalität in Deutschland. Eine Analyse von Krankenkassendaten von 3,17 Mio. Versicherten
Authors: Wahrendorf Morten , Schaps Valerie , Reuter Marvin , Hoebel Jens , Wachtler Benjamin , Jacob Josephine , Alibone Marco , Dragano Nico 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungEinleitungDem Beruf wurde während der COVID-19-Pandemie eine zentrale Rolle beim Infektions- und Krankheitsgeschehen zugesprochen. Für Deutschland liegen jedoch bisher nur wenige Auswertungen zu berufsbedingten Unterschieden bei COVID-19-Erkrankungsrisiken, COVID-19-assoziierten Krankenhausaufenthalten und Mortalität vor.MethodenDie Studie nutzt longitudinale Krankenkassendaten der Forschungsdatenbank des Instituts für angewandte Gesundheitsforschung (InGef) von 3,17 Mio. Versicherten zwischen 18 und 67 Jahren (1.488.452 Frauen, 1.684.705 Männer). Outcomes (Erkrankungsrisiko, Hospitalisierung und Mortalität) wurden durch übermittelte COVID-19-Diagnosen zwischen dem 01.01.2020 und 31.12.2021 bestimmt. Berufe wurden entlang von 4 Gruppierungen der amtlichen Systematik der Klassifikation der Berufe unterschieden. Neben kumulativen Inzidenzen bestimmen wir relative Risiken (RR) – jeweils getrennt für Männer und Frauen.ErgebnisseErkrankungsrisiken sind in personenbezogenen Dienstleistungsberufen erhöht, insbesondere in Gesundheitsberufen im Vergleich zu den übrigen Berufen (RR für Frauen 1,46; für Männer 1,30). Ähnliches gilt für soziale und kulturelle Dienstleistungsberufe (allerdings nur bei Frauen) und für Fertigungsberufe (nur bei Männern). Zudem sind die Risiken für Krankenhausaufenthalte und Mortalität in Reinigungsberufen sowie in Verkehrs- und Logistikberufen (v. a. für Männer) erhöht. Für alle 3 Outcomes sind die Risiken in Berufen ohne Leitungsfunktion und entlang des Anforderungsniveaus höher (am höchsten für Helfertätigkeiten und am niedrigsten für Expertentätigkeiten).SchlussfolgerungDie Studie liefert wichtige Befunde zu berufsbedingten und geschlechtsabhängigen Unterschieden bei COVID-19-Morbidität und -Mortalität in Deutschland, die Ansatzpunkte für strukturelle Infektionsschutzmaßnahmen aufzeigen.
Design and fabrication of biomass densification machine for teaching and research purposes
Authors: Ibitoye Segun E. , Mahamood Rasheedat M. , Jen Tien-Chien , Loha Chanchal , Akinlabi Esther T. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn developing nations, research output is limited due to factors like unreliable power supply and inadequate laboratory equipment. The high cost of purchasing completed laboratory equipment and the unavailability of accessories for imported equipment further contribute to this issue. A biomass densification machine was designed and constructed to address these challenges for teaching and research purposes. The machine was tested at five different compaction pressures (100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 kPa) using gelatinized cassava starch as a binder. The physical and mechanical characteristics of the produced fuel briquettes were investigated following ASTM standards and procedures reported in the literature. The results show that the physical and mechanical properties of the fuel briquettes increase with compaction pressure. The compressive strength, durability, and water resistance of the briquettes varied between 55 and 101 kN·m−2, 89–99%, and 20–120 min, respectively, while the compressed and relaxed densities range from 0.780 to 1.220 g·cm−3 and 0.670 to 0.990 g·cm−3, respectively. The machine performed satisfactorily because the briquettes’ characteristics were found to meet the specified ISO Standard (17225). The development of this machine will enable academic institutions, researchers, and students to harness the potential of biomass through the densification process without the challenges posed by imported equipment. The creation of the machine will also facilitate students’ hands-on learning. By providing an easily accessible and reliable platform, academic and research institutions can integrate biomass solid fuel production experiments into their curricula, fostering a thorough understanding of renewable energy solutions and supporting sustainable practices. Therefore, it can be recommended for teaching and research in developing nations. Incorporating an electronic component, such as a digital pressure gauge and electric hydraulic jack, is recommended for future research to enhance the performance.
Induction, Conjunction Introduction, and Safety
Authors: Zhao Bin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDepending on whether we are somewhat tolerant of nearby error-possibilities or not, the safety condition on knowledge is open to a strong reading and a weak reading. In this paper, it is argued that induction and conjunction introduction constitute two horns of a dilemma for the safety account of knowledge. If we opt for the strong reading, then the safety account fails to account for inductive knowledge. In contrast, if we opt for the weak reading, then the safety account fails to accommodate knowledge obtained via the method of conjunction introduction.
New Insights Into the Relationship Between Mass Eruption Rate and Volcanic Column Height Based On the IVESPA Data Set
Authors: Aubry Thomas J. , Engwell Samantha L. , Bonadonna Costanza , Mastin Larry G. , Carazzo Guillaume , Van Eaton Alexa R. , Jessop David E. , Grainger Roy G. , Scollo Simona , Taylor Isabelle A. , Jellinek A. Mark , Schmidt Anja , Biass Sébastien , Gouhier Mathieu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRapid and simple estimation of the mass eruption rate (MER) from column height is essential for real‐time volcanic hazard management and reconstruction of past explosive eruptions. Using 134 eruptive events from the new Independent Volcanic Eruption Source Parameter Archive (IVESPA, v1.0), we explore empirical MER‐height relationships for four measures of column height: spreading level, sulfur dioxide height, and top height from direct observations and as reconstructed from deposits. These relationships show significant differences and highlight limitations of empirical models currently used in operational and research applications. The roles of atmospheric stratification, wind, and humidity remain challenging to detect across the wide range of eruptive conditions spanned in IVESPA, ultimately resulting in empirical relationships outperforming analytical models that account for atmospheric conditions. This finding highlights challenges in constraining the MER‐height relation using heterogeneous observations and empirical models, which reinforces the need for improved eruption source parameter data sets and physics‐based models.
Explainable artificial intelligence on life satisfaction, diabetes mellitus and its comorbid condition
Authors: Kim Ranyeong , Kim Chae-Won , Park Hyuntae , Lee Kwang-Sig 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study uses artificial intelligence for testing (1) whether the comorbidity of diabetes and its comorbid condition is very strong in the middle-aged or old (hypothesis 1) and (2) whether major determinants of the comorbidity are similar for different pairs of diabetes and its comorbid condition (hypothesis 2). Three pairs are considered, diabetes-cancer, diabetes-heart disease and diabetes-mental disease. Data came from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (2016–2018), with 5527 participants aged 56 or more. The evaluation of the hypotheses were based on (1) whether diabetes and its comorbid condition in 2016 were top-5 determinants of the comorbidity in 2018 (hypothesis 1) and (2) whether top-10 determinants of the comorbidity in 2018 were similar for different pairs of diabetes and its comorbid condition (hypothesis 2). Based on random forest variable importance, diabetes and its comorbid condition in 2016 were top-2 determinants of the comorbidity in 2018. Top-10 determinants of the comorbidity in 2018 were the same for different pairs of diabetes and its comorbid condition: body mass index, income, age, life satisfaction—health, life satisfaction—economic, life satisfaction—overall, subjective health and children alive in 2016. In terms of SHAP values, the probability of the comorbidity is expected to decrease by 0.02–0.03 in case life satisfaction overall is included to the model. This study supports the two hypotheses, highlighting the importance of preventive measures for body mass index, socioeconomic status, life satisfaction and family support to manage diabetes and its comorbid condition.
Evaluation of the p53 pathway in polycystic ovarian syndrome pathogenesis and apoptosis enhancement in human granulosa cells through transcriptome data analysis
Authors: Zanjirband M. , Hodayi R. , Safaeinejad Z. , Nasr-Esfahani M. H. , Ghaedi-Heydari R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is closely associated with enhanced apoptosis of granulosa cells, which have a vital role in maturation of oocytes. p53 plays a critical role in the regulation of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, metabolism and insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of p53 pathway in enhancing apoptosis and abnormal function of granulosa cells. In this study, microarray analysis and RNA sequencing were downloaded from the GEO and used as datasets. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and online SSizer tool were applied to evaluate the experiment quality control and sample sufficiency, respectively. Bioinformatics’ analyses were performed on the selected datasets, and validated by qRT-PCR and western blot analyses. Three datasets out of five ones were chosen for re-analyzing based on the PCA outcomes. 21 deregulated genes were identified via filters including p < 0.05 and |log2FC|≥ 1. Functional enrichment analysis confirmed the relevance of cell cycle regulation and apoptosis as common biological hallmarks in PCOS. Results have shown differentially expressed p53 target genes involved in apoptosis (BAX, FAS, PMAIP1, and CASP8), cell cycle (Cyclins, Cyclin dependent kinases), glucose metabolism and insulin resistance (THBS1), and p53 regulation (MDM2). Subsequently, the relative mRNA expression of FAS, PMAIP1 and MDM2 genes, and protein levels of p53 and MDM2 were confirmed using granulosa cells collected from 20 PCOS women and 18 control individuals by qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively. Results of this study represent the possible role of p53 pathway in pathogenesis of PCOS particularly, through the enhancement of apoptosis in granulosa cells.
Cisplatin exhibits superiority over MMC as a perfusion agent in a peritoneal mesothelioma patient specific organoid HIPEC platform
Authors: Forsythe Steven D. , Erali Richard A. , Edenhoffer Nicholas , Meeker William , Wajih Nadeem , Schaaf Cecilia R. , Laney Preston , Vanezuela Cristian D. , Li Wencheng , Levine Edward A. , Soker Shay , Votanopoulos Konstantinos I. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPeritoneal mesothelioma (PM) is a rare malignancy with poor prognosis, representing about 10–15% of all mesothelioma cases. Herein we apply PM patient-derived tumor organoids (PTOs) in elucidating personalized HIPEC responses to bypass rarity of disease in generating preclinical data. Specimens were obtained from PM patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery with HIPEC. PTOs were fabricated with tumor cells suspended in ECM-hydrogel and treated with HIPEC regimen parameters. Viability and characterization analyses were performed post-treatment. Treatment efficacy was defined as ≥ 50% viability reduction and p < 0.05 compared to controls. From October 2020 to November 2022, 17 tumors from 7 patients were biofabricated into organoids, with 16/17 (94.1%) sites undergoing comparative 37° and 42° treatments with cisplatin and mitomycin C (MMC). Hyperthermic cisplatin and MMC enhanced cytotoxicity which reduced treatment viability by 25% and 22%, respectively, compared to normothermia. Heated cisplatin displayed the greatest cytotoxicity, with efficacy in 12/16 (75%) tumors and an average viability of 38% (5–68%). Heated MMC demonstrated efficacy in 7/16 (43.8%) tumors with an average treatment viability of 51% (17–92.3%). PTOs fabricated from distinct anatomic sites exhibited site-specific variability in treatment responses. PM PTOs exhibit patient and anatomic location treatment responses suggestive of underlying disease clonality. In PM organoids cisplatin is superior to MMC in HIPEC.