bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bootstrapping one-loop inflation correlators with the spectral decomposition
Authors: Xianyu Zhong-Zhi , Zhang Hongyu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Phenomenological studies of cosmological collider physics in recent years have identified many 1-loop inflation correlators as leading channels for discovering heavy new particles around or above the inflation scale. However, complete analytical results for these massive 1-loop correlators are currently unavailable. In this work, we embark on a program of bootstrapping inflation correlators with massive exchanges at 1-loop order, with the input of tree-level inflation correlators and the techniques of spectral decomposition in dS. As a first step, we present for the first time the complete and analytical results for a class of 4-point and 3-point inflation correlators mediated by massive scalar fields at the 1-loop order. Using the full result, we provide simple and reliable analytical approximations for the signals and the background in the squeezed limit. We also identify configurations of the scalar trispectrum where the oscillatory signal from the loop is dominant over the background.
O-DEM: ein neues kognitives Screening bei Schwerhörigkeit
Authors: Ballasch I. , De Kruif A. , Hendel M. K. , Rohr C. , Brünecke I. , Kalbe E. , Völter C. , Kessler J. 
Published: April 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Schwerhörigkeit ist ein relevanter Risikofaktor einer Demenz. Bisher kann eine kognitive Beeinträchtigung oder Demenz von Personen mit Hörbeeinträchtigungen (HB) wegen des eingeschränkten Sensoriums von gängigen kognitiven Screeningverfahren nicht adäquat erfasst werden. Deshalb besteht ein Bedarf eines solchen an Hörgeschädigte angepassten Screenings. Ziel der Studie war es, ein kognitives Screening für Menschen mit HB zu entwickeln und zu evaluieren.

Material und Methoden
Hierzu wurden drei Aufgaben, eine Wortflüssigkeitsaufgabe, der Trail Making Test A (TMT-A) und eine Subtraktionsaufgabe in einem neuen kognitiven Screening, dem O‑DEM, zusammengefasst. Dieser wurde in einem ersten Schritt an 2837 Patient*innen ohne subjektive HB und anschließend an 213 Patient*innen mit objektiv erfassten HB evaluiert und mit dem Hearing-Impaired Montreal Cognitive Assessment (HI-MoCA) verglichen.

Ergebnisse
Es zeigte sich, dass jeder O‑DEM-Subtest signifikant zwischen keinen, leichten und mittleren bis ausgeprägten kognitiven Beeinträchtigungen unterscheiden kann. Basierend auf dem Mittelwert und der Standardabweichung der Menschen ohne kognitive Beeinträchtigungen wurde eine Transformation der Rohwerte vorgenommen und ein Gesamtscore mit einer maximalen Ausprägung von 10 festgelegt. Ebenso zeigte die Untersuchung an den hörgeschädigten Patient*innen, dass der O‑DEM genauso sensitiv wie der HI-MoCA zwischen Menschen mit und ohne kognitive Beeinträchtigungen differenzieren kann.

Schlussfolgerungen
Der O‑DEM ist gegenüber anderen Verfahren ein vergleichbar schnell durchzuführendes Screening zur Detektion von leichten und mittleren kognitiven Beeinträchtigungen bei Menschen mit HB.
Social anxiety in Finnish adolescents from 2013 to 2021: change from pre-COVID-19 to COVID-19 era, and mid-pandemic correlates
Authors: Ranta Klaus , Aalto-Setälä Terhi , Heikkinen Tiina , Kiviruusu Olli 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is prevalent in adolescents. Increase in levels of general anxiety since 2010’s has been observed in young people. Little is known of time trends in symptoms of social anxiety during 2010’s, of pre- to during-COVID-19 era changes, or of associations between social anxiety symptoms and pandemic severity, distance education, and COVID-19-related experiences in young people.

Methods
We examined social anxiety symptoms, their temporal changes, and their associations with COVID-19 related factors in a sample of 450 000 13-to-20-year-old Finns in 2013–2021. Data from nationwide School Health Promotion study was used. Social anxiety symptoms were assessed with the Mini-SPIN using cut-off score ≥ 6 as indicator of high social anxiety. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used, controlling for gender, age, family SES, and symptoms of general anxiety and depression.

Results
High-level social anxiety symptoms increased markedly from 2013/2015 to 2021 among both sexes. A steeper increase was found among females. In 2021, 47% of females self-reported high social anxiety, a two-fold increase relative to 2013/2015. No association between regional COVID-19 incidence and change in social anxiety symptoms was found. No clear associations between time spent in distance education and social anxiety symptoms were found. Fears of getting infected or transmitting coronavirus, and reports of not getting needed support for schoolwork during distance education were all associated with high social anxiety.

Conclusion
Prevalence of high social anxiety in young people aged 13–20 has increased considerably from 2013 to 2021, especially among girls. During COVID-19 pandemic, socially anxious young people report a need for educational support and suffer from infection-related fears.
The separate and joint effects of recent interpersonal abuse and cannabis use on psychotic experiences: findings from students in higher education in the United States
Authors: Oh Hans , Du Jinyu , Karcher Nicole R. , van der Ven Els , DeVylder Jordan E. , Smith Lee , Koyanagi Ai 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Various forms of interpersonal abuse (e.g., physical, emotional, sexual) and cannabis use across the lifespan have both been known to increase odds of psychotic experiences; however, there have been few studies examining their separate and joint effects in the United States.

Methods
We analyzed data from the Healthy Minds Study (2020–2021) and used multivariable logistic regression and interaction contrast ratios to assess separate and joint effects of interpersonal abuse (past 12 months) and cannabis use (past 30 days) on psychotic experiences (past 12 months).

Results
Students who only used cannabis had significantly greater odds of psychotic experiences (aOR: 1.70; 95% CI 1.58–1.82), as well as those who only experienced interpersonal abuse (aOR: 2.40; 95% CI 2.25–2.56). However, those who reported both cannabis use and interpersonal abuse had the greatest odds, exceeding the sum of these individual effects (the combined effect aOR: 3.46; 95% CI 3.19–3.76).

Conclusions
Recent interpersonal abuse and recent cannabis use both separately and jointly increase odds of having recent psychotic experiences. Future research should continue to examine the potential interactive and additive impact of multiple known exposures to better inform primary and secondary prevention efforts.
Evaluation of bone density and hand grip strength in the course of drug treatment for osteoporosis
Authors: Schröder Guido , Hoth Ivonne , Flachsmeyer Dirk , Dutzke Mario , Andresen Julian Ramin , Andresen Reimer , Schober Hans-Christof 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The aim of this clinical investigation was to assess the physical performance in osteoporotic patients undergoing drug treatment (DT) for years by measuring hand grip strength (HGS) and bone mineral density (BMD). A further aim was to detect the time until the occurrence of vertebral fractures (VF) and influencing factors.

Material and methods
The investigation comprised 346 persons (276 women, 70 men) aged on average 66.9 ± 10.7 years with confirmed osteoporosis (OP). Over a mean period of 1384 ± 727 days, OP was assessed every 2 years, including a bone densitometry by dual X‑ray absorptiometry and HGS measurement. In subgroups OP patients were analyzed with and without a bone density (BMD) increase, and with and without VFs.

Results
Under DT, calcium and vitamin D substitution, the median T‑score improved in the entire group from −3.2 to −3.1 standard deviations (SD; p = 0.002). HGS was reduced (median) from 26 kg to 24 kg (p < 0.001). The median interval until the occurrence of VF was 2652 days (95% confidence interval [CI] 1825.2–3478.8 days) and 1461 days (95% CI 1246.5–1675.5, p < 0.001) in those with and without a BMD increase, respectively.

Discussion
Guideline-based DT improves bone density and causes a longer interval without VF. The HGS falls independent of BMD. The association between bone and muscle in patients with a deterioration of the musculoskeletal system is known as osteosarcopenia. Early muscle exercises would be meaningful in this setting.

Graphic abstract
A flexible two-piece normal dynamic linear model
Authors: Aliverti Emanuele , Arellano-Valle Reinaldo B. , Kahrari Fereshteh , Scarpa Bruno 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe construct a flexible dynamic linear model for the analysis and prediction of multivariate time series, assuming a two-piece normal initial distribution for the state vector. We derive a novel Kalman filter for this model, obtaining a two components mixture as predictive and filtering distributions. In order to estimate the covariance of the error sequences, we develop a Gibbs-sampling algorithm to perform Bayesian inference. The proposed approach is validated and compared with a Gaussian dynamic linear model in simulations and on a real data set.
Development and validation of a GC × GC-ToFMS method for the quantification of pesticides in environmental waters
Authors: Romagnoli Monica , Scarparo Andrea , Catani Martina , Giannì Biagio , Pasti Luisa , Cavazzini Alberto , Franchina Flavio A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWater is a fundamental resource for living things, which is why its control is necessary. The widespread use of pesticides for agricultural and non-agricultural purposes has resulted in the presence of their residues in surface water and groundwater resources. Their presence in water is regulated through different directives, such as the Groundwater Directive, the Drinking Water Directive, and the Water Framework Directive, modified later several times, setting a maximum concentration of 0.1 µg.L−1 for individual pesticides and their degradation products, and 0.5 µg.L−1 for total pesticide residues present in a sample. There are different kinds of pesticides (e.g., organophosphorus and organochlorine pesticides, triazines, chloroacetamides, triazoles, (thio)carbamates) that have diverse chemical structures. Their determination and monitoring in a single analytical procedure are possible through multiresidue methods. In this study, 53 pesticides belonging to different chemical classes and their metabolites were selected based on their local occurrence and investigated in surface water and groundwater from agricultural areas susceptible to pesticide contamination. The methodology consisted of a classical solid-phase extraction (SPE) for the purification and enrichment of the pesticides, with a subsequent analysis in multidimensional gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC×GC-MS). The quantification method was validated according to the Eurachem Guide in terms of linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection, and limit of quantification. After validation, the method was applied to 34 real-world water samples, and the results were compared with those obtained by a GC-QMS routine method.
Hive Transplantation Has Minimal Impact on the Core Gut Microbiome of the Australian Stingless Bee, Tetragonula carbonaria
Authors: Mills T. J. T. , Nelson T. M. , Pearson L. A. , Neilan B. A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBacteria residing in the guts of pollinating insects play a key role in nutrient acquisition, digestion, and resistance to pests and diseases. Imbalances in microbial flora in response to environmental change and stress can therefore impact insect health and resilience. This study is aimed at defining the core gut microbiome of the Australian native stingless bee, Tetragonula carbonaria, and exploring the impact of colony transplantation on gut health. The gut microbiomes of nine forager bees from natural (log) and manufactured (box) hives were examined via 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Some differences were observed at the ASV level between the microbiomes of log and box hive bees. However, a core microbiome, dominated by Lactobacillus spp., unclassified Acetobacteraceae spp., and Bombella spp., was maintained. Further, the inferred functional potential of the microbiomes was consistent across all individuals. This study highlights that although hive transplantation has an impact on the overall diversity of stingless bee gut microbiomes, it is unlikely to have a significant negative impact on the overall health and resilience of the colony.
Immunoreactivity to WT1 peptide vaccine is associated with prognosis in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia: follow-up study of randomized phase II trial of OCV-501, an HLA class II-binding WT1 polypeptide
Authors: Naoe Tomoki , Saito Akiko , Hosono Nahoko , Kasahara Senji , Muto Hideharu , Hatano Kaoru , Ogura Mizuki , Masunari Taro , Tanaka Masatsugu , Usuki Kensuke , Ishikawa Yuichi , Ando Koji , Kondo Yukio , Takagi Yusuke , Takada Satoru , Ishikawa Maho , Choi Ilseung , Sano Akihiro , Nagai Hirokazu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe previously conducted a randomized phase II trial of OCV-501, a WT1 peptide presented by helper T cells, in elderly AML (acute myeloid leukemia) patients in first remission, indicating no difference in 2-year disease-free survival (DSF) between the OCV-501 and placebo groups. Here, we analyzed 5-year outcome and biomarkers. Five-year DFS was 36.0% in the OCV-501 group (N = 52) and 33.7% in the placebo group (N = 53), with no significant difference (p = 0.74). The peripheral WT1 mRNA levels were marginally suppressed in the OCV-501 group compared with the placebo group. Enhanced anti-OCV-501 IgG response by the 25th week was an independent favorable prognostic factor. Anti-OCV-501 IFNγ responses were less frequent than the IgG reactions. These findings suggest that host immunoreactivity has a significant impact on the prognosis of AML and that further improvement of the WT1 peptide vaccine is needed.
Efficacy of non-surgical interventions for midfoot osteoarthritis: a systematic review
Authors: Lim Polly Q. X. , Lithgow Merridy J. , Kaminski Michelle R. , Landorf Karl B. , Menz Hylton B. , Munteanu Shannon E. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis systematic review aims to investigate the efficacy of non-surgical interventions for midfoot osteoarthritis (OA). Key databases and trial registries were searched from inception to 23 February 2023. All trials investigating non-surgical interventions for midfoot OA were included. Quality assessment was performed using the National Institutes of Health Quality Assessment Tool. Outcomes were pain, function, health-related quality of life, and adverse events. Effects (mean differences, standardised mean differences, risk ratios) were calculated where possible for the short (0 to 12 weeks), medium (> 12 to 52 weeks), and long (> 52 weeks) term. Six trials (231 participants) were included (one feasibility trial and five case series) — all were judged to be of poor methodological quality. Two trials reported arch contouring foot orthoses to exert no-to-large effects on pain in the short and medium term, and small-to-very-large effects on function in the short and medium term. Two trials reported shoe stiffening inserts to exert medium-to-huge effects on pain in the short term, and small effects on function in the short term. Two trials of image-guided intra-articular corticosteroid injections reported favourable effects on pain in the short term, small effects on pain and function in the medium term, and minimal long term effects. Two trials reported minor adverse events, and none reported health-related quality of life outcomes. The current evidence suggests that arch contouring foot orthoses, shoe stiffening inserts and corticosteroid injections may be effective for midfoot OA. Rigorous randomised trials are required to evaluate the efficacy of non-surgical interventions for midfoot OA.
Impact of smoking on urologic cancers: a snapshot of current evidence
Authors: Kumar Raj , Matulewicz Richard , Mari Andrea , Moschini Marco , Ghodoussipour Saum , Pradere Benjamin , Rink Michael , Autorino Riccardo , Desai Mihir M. , Gill Inderbir , Cacciamani Giovanni E. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present evidence regarding the associations between smoking and the following urologic cancers: prostate, bladder, renal, and upper tract urothelial cancer (UTUC).MethodsThis is a narrative review. PubMed was queried for evidence-based analyses and trials regarding the associations between smoking and prostate, bladder, renal, and UTUC tumors from inception to September 1, 2022. Emphasis was placed on articles referenced in national guidelines and protocols.ResultsProstate—multiple studies associate smoking with higher Gleason score, higher tumor stage, and extracapsular invasion. Though smoking has not yet been linked to tumorigenesis, there is evidence that it plays a role in biochemical recurrence and cancer-specific mortality. Bladder—smoking is strongly associated with bladder cancer, likely due to DNA damage from the release of carcinogenic compounds. Additionally, smoking has been linked to increased cancer-specific mortality and higher risk of tumor recurrence. Renal—smoking tobacco has been associated with tumorigenesis, higher tumor grade and stage, poorer mortality rates, and a greater risk of tumor recurrence. UTUC—tumorigenesis has been associated with smoking tobacco. Additionally, more advanced disease, higher stage, lymph node metastases, poorer survival outcomes, and tumor recurrence have been linked to smoking.ConclusionSmoking has been shown to significantly affect most urologic cancers and has been associated with more aggressive disease, poorer outcomes, and tumor recurrence. The role of smoking cessation is still unclear, but appears to provide some protective effect. Urologists have an opportunity to engage in primary prevention by encouraging cessation practices.
Intergenerational equity and sustainability: a large population approach
Authors: Khan Urmee , Stinchcombe Maxwell B. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPatient and Pareto responsive (pPr) societal preferences were introduced and studied in Khan and Stinchcombe (2018). This paper develops a tractable subclass of the pPr preferences that satisfy a strong equity criterion formulated to match intuitions and results for large but finite models. In population models where the number and happiness of future people is stochastic, the only optimal policies require sustainability (resp. an abundance of effort) in the presence of irreversible (resp. difficult to reverse) negative externalities suffered by future generations. Partially ordering the preferences by increasing degrees of inequality aversion over generations, more inequality averse preferences give rise to choices that are counterintutive from population ethics viewpoint in smaller sets of problems.
Crafting During Coronavirus: participatory methods with older adults during COVID-19
Authors: Clarke Naomi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWhen coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) took hold, the everyday voices of older adults were frequently overlooked politically, socially and economically. The Crafting During Coronavirus creative, participatory project sought to explore the everyday role of crafting during COVID-19. It was imperative to conduct research with participants in a way that could be a source of positivity especially during a crisis. Using a combination of digital and tangible methods (diaries, photographs, emails and crafted postcards), this project aimed to create a space where participants could narrate, shape, revisit and reflect upon their experiences and their making at a time that suited them. Combining these approaches in a flexible manner, allowed data to be collected and pieced together with older participants to form a patchwork with breadth and depth of everyday narratives during COVID-19.
Cation release from different carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogels
Authors: Qu Yi , Haverkamp René , Jakobs-Schönwandt Désirée , Vazquez Jorge Miguel Esteban , Hellweg Thomas , Patel Anant V. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBiodegradable hydrogels have great potential in agriculture. In this study, hydrogel prototypes of biodegradable slow-release fertilizers were formulated by a Schiff base reaction between dialdehyde carboxymethyl cellulose and gelatin. The release behavior of iron cations from these carboxymethyl cellulose-based hydrogels with different degrees of substitution was studied. The analyses of the relation between correlation length of the cross-linked hydrogels and the degree of substitution, i.e., the amount of negatively charged positions in the hydrogels, allowed to determine the influence of structure and electrostatic interaction on cation release kinetics, which was successfully described by Peleg’s Model. The hydrogel with the lowest degree of substitution reveals the slowest release of cations due to the smallest correlation length. These results demonstrate that the correlation length is dominant for the release of divalent cations. Moreover, this also shows the potential of the DACMC-Gelatin hydrogels as matrix for slow-release fertilizers.
Hybrid umbilical cord blood banking: literature review
Authors: Laue Jessica , Ambühl Johanna , Surbek Daniel 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Interest gaps between public and private umbilical cord blood banks have led to the introduction of hybrid banking options. Hybrid models combine features of private and public banks as well as interests of parents, children and of patients, in order to find an optimized solution. While several different models of hybrid banks exist, there is a lack of literature about this novel model of cord blood stem cell banking. Therefore, the aim of this literature review is to assess different options of umbilical cord blood banking and whether hybrid banking could be a valuable alternative to the existing public and private cord blood banking models.

Methods
We performed a systematic literature search, using five main databases. Five hybrid models regarding their advantages as well as their challenges are discussed in this review.

Results
We found that a wealth of literature exists about public cord blood banking, while private and hybrid banking are understudied. Different modalities of hybrid cord blood banking are being described in several publications, providing the basis to assess different advantages and disadvantages as well as practicability.

Conclusion
Hybrid banks, especially the sequential model, seem to have potential as an alternative to the existing banking models worldwide. A previously conducted survey among pregnant women showed a preference for hybrid banking, if such an option was available. Nevertheless, opinions among stakeholders differ and more research is needed to evaluate, if hybrid banking provides the expected benefits.