bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metacognition in wild Japanese macaques: cost and stakes influencing information-seeking behavior
Authors: Subias Lorraine , Katsu Noriko , Yamada Kazunori 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Metacognition allows us to evaluate memories and knowledge, thus enabling us to distinguish between what we know and what we do not. Studies have shown that species other than humans may possess similar abilities. However, the number of species tested was limited. Testing ten free-ranging Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) on a task in which they had to find food hidden inside one of the four opaque tubes, we investigated whether these subjects would seek information when needed. The monkeys could look inside the tubes before selecting one. We varied three parameters: the baiting process, cost that monkeys had to pay to look inside the tubes, and rewards at stake. We assessed whether and how these parameters would affect the monkeys’ tendency to look inside the tube before selecting one. Nine monkeys looked significantly more frequently when they did not know which tube contained the reward. Half of them tended to reduce their looks when the cost was high, but only when they already knew the location of the reward. When a high-quality reward was at stake, three monkeys tended to look more inside the tubes, even though they already knew the reward's location. Our results are consistent with those of rhesus macaques, suggesting that metacognitive-like abilities may be shared by Cercopithecidae, and that, at least some monkeys may be aware of their lack of knowledge.
Differences in motor imagery abilities in active and sedentary individuals: new insights from backward walking imagination
Authors: Mandolesi Laura , Passarello Noemi , Lucidi Fabio 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Evidence has shown that imagining a complex action, like backward walking, helps improve the execution of the gesture. Despite this, studies in sport psychology have provided heterogeneous results on the use of motor imagery (MI) to improve performance. We aimed at filling this gap, by analyzing how sport experience influences backward MI processes in a sample of young women (n = 41, mean age = 21 ± 2.2) divided into Active and Sedentary. All participants were subjected to two randomized mental chronometric tasks, in which they had first to imagine and then execute forward walking (FW) and backward walking (BW). Motor Imagery Efficiency (MIE) index measured the difference between imagination and execution times in both conditions (forward and backward). Moreover, we analyzed the ability to vividly imagine FW and BW within various perspectives in both groups through Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire (VMIQ-2). Findings showed that active individuals performed better in BW imagery task, when compared to sedentary ones (F1,39= 4.98; p = .03*), while there were no differences between groups in FW imagery task (F1,39= .10; p = .75). Further, VMIQ-2 had evidenced that the ability to imagine backward is influenced by perspective used. Specifically, the use of internal perspective (IVI) led to worse MI efficiency (t32,25= 2.16; p = .04*), while the use of kinesthetic perspective (KIN) led to better MI efficiency (t32,25= -2.34; p = .03*). These results suggest that backward MI could be an effective tool to improve mental training protocols and achieve success in sport.
METTL3 Exacerbates Insulin Resistance in Hepatocytes by Regulating m 6 A Modification of Cytochrome P450 2B6
Authors: Li Yongqing , Zhang Dantong , Gao Yinan , Wang Peijun , Wang Zejun , Zhang Bingyang , Liu Junjun , Ye Diwen , ma wanshan , lu sumei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Insulin resistance (IR) in hepatocytes endangers human health, and frequently results in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Research on m6A methylation of RNA molecules has gained popularity in recent years; however, the molecular mechanisms regulating the processes of m6A modification and IR are not known. The cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzyme system, which is mainly found in the liver, is associated with the pathogenesis of NAFLD. However, few studies have been conducted on CYP450 related m6A methylation. Here, we investigated the role of the methyltransferase METTL3 in exacerbating IR in hepatocytes, mainly focusing on the regulation of m6A modifications in CYP2B6.
Methods and Results
Analysis using dot blot and epitranscriptomic chips revealed that the m6A modification pattern of the transcriptome in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced fatty liver and free fatty acid (FFA)-induced fatty hepatocytes showed significant changes. CYP450 family members, especially Cyp2b10, whose homolog in humans is CYP2B6, led to a noticeable increase in m6A levels in HFD-induced mice livers. Application of the METTL3 methyltransferase inhibitor, STM2457, increased the level of insulin sensitivity in hepatocytes. We then analyzed the role of METTL3 in regulating m6A modification of CYP2B6 in hepatocytes. METTL3 regulated the m6A modification of CYP2B6, and a positive correlation was found between the levels of CYP2B6 translation and m6A modifications. Furthermore, interference with METTL3 expression and exposure to STM2457 inhibited METTL3 activity, which in turn interfered with the phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate (pIRS)-glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) insulin signaling pathway; overexpression of CYP2B6 hindered IRS phosphorylation and translocation of GLUT2 to membranes, which ultimately exacerbated IR.
Conclusion
These findings offer unique insights into the role that METTL3-mediated m6A modifications of CYP2B6 play in regulating insulin sensitivity in hepatocytes and provide key information for the development of strategies to induce m6A modifications for the clinical treatment of NAFLD.
Phylogenetic, population structure, and population demographic analyses reveal that Vicia sepium in Japan is native and not introduced
Authors: Tamaki Ichiro , Mizuno Mizuo , Ohtsuki Tatsuo , Shutoh Kohtaroh , Tabata Ryoichi , Tsunamoto Yoshihiro , Suyama Yoshihisa , Nakajima Yusuke , Kubo Naoki , Ito Takeru , Noma Naohiko , Harada Emiko 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Vicia sepium is a perennial herb widely distributed throughout the Eurasian continent. However, its distribution in Japan is limited to Mt. Ibuki and small parts of central and southern Hokkaido. Therefore, each Japanese V. sepium lineage has been considered to have been introduced separately from Europe. Here, we examined whether the species was introduced or not on the basis of cpDNA sequences and genome-wide SNPs from Japanese and overseas samples. Both the cpDNA haplotype network and the nuclear DNA phylogenetic tree showed that Japanese V. sepium is monophyletic. Furthermore, although the nuclear DNA phylogenetic tree also showed that each lineage is clearly monophyletic, genetic admixture of the genetic cluster dominated in the Hokkaido lineage was also detected in the Mt. Ibuki lineage. Population divergence analysis showed that the two lineages diverged during the last glacial period. The Mt. Ibuki lineage showed a sudden population decline 300–400 years ago, while the Hokkaido lineage showed a gradual population decline from 5,000 years ago. The causes of these population declines are considered to be anthropogenic effects on Mt. Ibuki and climate change during the Holocene in Hokkaido. Consequently, these two lineages show low current genetic diversity compared with overseas lineages. These results show that the Japanese V. sepium is not introduced but is native.
Mapping the Regulatory Programs of RNA Binding Protein Regulators in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Data from Single-Cell Transcriptome Analysis
Authors: Luo Hongbin , Lin Duoduo , Wei Jie , Zheng Qunya , Zhang Nanwen , Chen Peng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background RNA binding proteins (RBPs), especially cell-specific RBPs are involved in critical processes such as alternative splicing of messenger RNAs and translational control, leading to the expression of cell-specific functional proteins. However, the expression pattern of RBPs in different cells of rheumatoid arthritis and their associated aberrant regulation remain largely unexplored.Methods We collected 2141 RNA binding protein genes (RBPs) from literature and identified cell populations present in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis control samples using single-cell data. We compared the changes in the relative proportions of cell classes between them and analyzed RBP expression patterns specific to different cell types. We investigated fibroblast cell populations and their cellular communication with different immune cells. Additionally, we used bulk RNA-seq data from rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis samples to identify highly conserved variable splicing events and established a co-variation network of RBPs and these splicing events.Results We observed a greater number of down-regulated RBPs in each cell type, except for fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and macrophages, where the number of up-regulated genes was much higher. In fibroblasts from RA and OA patients, we identified 105 upregulated RBPs and 133 downregulated RBPs. These RBPs were co-expressed with genes enriched in various functional pathways, including extracellular matrix organization, cell adhesion, collagen fibril organization, and cytokine signaling. Cellular communication analysis demonstrated enhanced signaling pathways, like CXCL12-CXCR4, between fibroblasts and macrophages in RA. We identified a total of 715 differentially variable splicing events in our study, and alternative 5' and 3' splicing were the most prevalent. Some RBPs, such as MBNL2 in endothelial cells and U2AF1, SF3B6, and SF3B14 in fibroblast cells, may play a role in the pathogenesis of RA through splicing regulation.Conclusion In this study, we analyzed single-cell datasets to identify the inherent characteristics and abnormal expression patterns of RBPs in different cell types of patients with RA. Our findings revealed that certain cell-specific RBPs were associated with inflammatory signaling pathways and splicing regulation in RA. These findings suggest that the dysregulation of RBPs may contribute to the development of RA and highlight potential pathways for therapeutic interventions.
Efficient Storage and Analysis of Videos through Motion-Based Frame Removal
Authors: R Akash , Anderson Leandra Shania 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The storage and analysis of CCTV footage pose a significant challenge in modern surveillance systems. This paper presents an innovative and modern solution for efficient storage optimization and analysis through motion-based frame removal techniques. By leveraging the OpenCV library redundant frames are removed, resulting in substantial storage reduction without losing important motion events. The methodology uses Python’s OpenCV, Django, SQLite, and Bootstrap, ensuring reliability, scalability, usability, and effective data visualisation. Experimental results have demonstrated the efficacy across different camera setups and their ability to preserve critical information. The approach offers a practical solution for decreasing cost, improving analysis efficiency, and enhancing usability. This research contributes to the field of CCTV surveillance by providing a practical and industry-oriented solution. The findings inspire further improvements in storage optimization and pave the way for more intelligent surveillance systems.
Integrating MXene/MWCNTs into aptasensor capable of ultrasensitive quantification of cTnI towards the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction
Authors: tao jinsong , Han Jin , Li Weizhang , Cui Junyou , Li Jian , Cao Xiangming , Zhang Hua 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The development of a pragmatic biosensor for diagnosing acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is of paramount significance. However, the detection of cardiac Troponin I (cTnI) presents formidable challenges owing to the intricate composition and scant concentration of cTnI in clinical samples. Therefore, we propose an innovative approach employing an aptamer biosensor predicated on MXene/multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to discern cTnI. By integrating the MXene/MWCNTs nanomaterial, our aptasensor manifests remarkable amplification effects, thereby enabling an extensive detection range spanning from 10 to 106 pg/mL, while attaining an unparalleled detection sensitivity with an exceptionally low limit of 6.21 pg/mL. Furthermore, our aptasensor exhibits favorable selectivity, reproducibility, and stability. Moreover, our aptasensor showcases a robust clinical correlation equation of y = 1.202x + 0.0147, accompanied by an R² value of 0.9797. A notable p-value discrepancy is observed between the AMI and healthy control groups. Remarkably, the area under the curve (AUC) achieved amounts to 0.981, with a sensitivity of 0.938 and specificity of 0.923. These outstanding attributes, coupled with its exceptional clinical performance, position our aptasensor as the optimal choice for the practical monitoring of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) disease.
Levels of type XVII collagen (BP180) ectodomain are elevated in circulation from patients with multiple cancer types and is prognostic for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Crespo-Bravo Marina , Thorlacius-Ussing Jeppe , Nissen Neel I. , Pedersen Rasmus S. , Boisen Mogens K. , Liljefors Maria , Johansen Astrid Z. , Johansen Julia S. , Karsdal Morten , Willumsen Nicholas 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background:
Collagens are the major components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and are known to contribute to tumor progression and metastasis. There are 28 different types of collagens each with unique functions in maintaining tissue structure and function. Type XVII collagen (BP180) is a type II transmembrane protein that provides stable adhesion between epithelial cells and the underlying basement membrane. Aberrant expression and ectodomain shedding of type XVII collagen have been associated with epithelial damage, tumor invasiveness, and metastasis in multiple tumor types and may consequently be used as a potential (non-invasive) biomarker in cancer and treatment target.
Method:
An ELISA targeting the type XVII collagen ectodomain (PRO-C17) was developed for use in serum. PRO-C17 was measured in a cohort of patients with 11 different cancer types (n= 214) and compared to healthy controls (n=23) (cohort 1). Based on the findings from cohort 1, PRO-C17 and its association with survival was explored in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) treated with bevacizumab in combination with chemotherapy (n=212) (cohort 2).
Results:
PRO-C17 was robust and specific towards the ectodomain of type XVII collagen. In cohort 1, PRO-C17 levels were elevated (p < 0.05) in serum from patients with CRC, kidney, ovarian, bladder, breast, and head and neck cancer compared to healthy controls. PRO-C17 was especially good at discriminating between CRC patients and healthy controls with an AUROC of 0.904. In cohort 2, patients with mCRC and high levels (tertile 3) of PRO-C17 had shorter overall survival (OS) with a median OS of 390 days compared to 539 days for patients with low levels of PRO-C17. When evaluated by multivariate Cox regression analysis, high PRO-C17 was predictive for poor OS independent of risk factors and the tumor fibrosis biomarker PRO-C3.
Conclusion:
PRO-C17 measures the ectodomain of type XVII collagen in serum and is a promising non-invasive biomarker that can aid in understanding tumor heterogeneity as well as elaborate on the role of collagen XVII in tumor progression. Moreover, the findings in the study proposes PRO-C17 as novel biomarker of epithelial damage in specific cancer types including CRC.
D-shaped nematode eggs in the feces of Rangifer tarandus: A story in pictures
Authors: Loginova Olga 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
D-shaped nematode eggs in Rangifer tarandus feces are expected to be oxyurid nematodes of the genus Skrjabinema. The species S. tarandi is considered species-specific for this host. There is no consensus regarding the cross-infection of reindeer and sheep with S. ovis and S. tarandi. The drawings proposed by researchers complicate differential diagnostics. Micrographs of S. tarandi eggs obtained via light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, as well as photographs of S. ovis eggs, and drawings made on their basis, are proposed to confidently distinguishing between representatives of these two species, taking into account morphometric data. Thus, the egg of S. tarandi has a thickening on the convex side, in contrast to the egg of S. ovis. It is shown that due to the specific feeding habits of R. tarandus, D-shaped eggs of parasitic nematodes of small rodents can also be found in their feces. The latter should be considered spurious parasites.
Hydrothermal synthesis of rod shaped red emitting Gd 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ phosphor
Authors: Wangkhem Ranjoy , Singh O. Shantajit , Singh N. Shanta 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Simple hydrothermal method can be applied for synthesizing rod shape Gd2O3:Eu3+ phosphors. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy are used for the characterizations of samples. Increase of Eu3+ concentration in Gd2O3:Eu3+ can cause red shift in the charge transfer band (CTB) of Eu – O. The nature of Eu3+ surroundings is asymmetric. It is ascertained from PL emission studies. The calculation of second order crystal field parameter from PL spectra corroborates the asymmetric environment of Eu3+. PL emission and decay lifetime studies confirm the existence of quenching due cross-relaxation. The quantum yield for Y2O3:Eu3+ (19 at.%) under 265 nm excitation is found to be 7%.
Correlation analysis of abdominal visceral fat area with the structure and function of the heart and liver in severe obesity: A prospective magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Bai Jinquan , Gao Chao , li Xiaolu , Pan Hong , Wang Shuting , Shi Zhenzhou , Zhang Tong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The differences in fat deposition sites exhibit varying degrees of systemic inflammatory response and organ damage, especially in severely obese individuals with excessive visceral fat, which is closely related to an increase in mortality rates related to heart and liver diseases. However, few studies have analysed the differences in heart and liver indicators between groups and their correlation based on abdominal visceral fat area (AVFA) as a grouping condition.
Objective
Clarifying the changes in the heart and liver caused by differences in abdominal visceral fat in severely obese individuals and their correlation can help us prevent heart diseases with higher mortality rates in advance and control the progression of liver injury.
Methods
Sixty-nine severely obese subjects were enrolled, with a study group of forty-one individuals (AVFA ≥ 150 cm2) and a control group of twenty-eight individuals (100 cm2 ≤ AVFA < 150 cm2). The differences and correlations between clinical, laboratory, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indicators of the heart and liver between the two groups were analysed.
Results
In the study group, the proportion of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and insulin resistance level were higher, and liver function indicators were worse. The left ventricular eccentricity ratio (LVER), left ventricular mass (LVM) and global myocardial wall thickness (GPWT) in the study group were higher than those in the control group (P = 0.002, P = 0.001, P = 0.03), and the left ventricle global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) was lower than that in the control group (P = 0.016). Pericardiac adipose tissue volume (PATV) and myocardial proton density fat fraction (M-PDFF) were higher than those in the control group (P = 0.001, P = 0.001). The hepatic proton density fat fraction (H-PDFF) and abdominal subcutaneous fat area (ASFA) were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.001, P = 0.012). There was a moderate positive correlation (ρ = 0.39 ~ 0.59, P < 0.001) between AVFA and LVER, LVM, GPWT, LVGLS, and H-PDFF. There was no difference in right ventricular and most left ventricular systolic and diastolic function between the two groups.
Conclusion
The high AVFA group had a larger LVM, GPWT and PATV, more obvious changes in LVER, impaired left ventricular diastolic function, an increased risk of heart disease, and more severe hepatic fat deposition and liver injury. Therefore, reducing AVFA in severely obese individuals is beneficial for the heart and liver.
Exploring Gender Differences in Associations Between Appetitive Traits, Negative Affect, and Binge Eating in Treatment-Seeking Adults with Overweight or Obesity
Authors: Pasquale Ellen K. , Strong David R. , Manzano Michael A. , Eichen Dawn M. , Boutelle Kerri N. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Binge eating (BE) in adults with overweight or obesity (OW/OB) is associated with negative affect and appetitive traits (i.e., food responsiveness, satiety responsiveness, and reward-based eating). While these risk factors may be important intervention targets, they have not been evaluated concurrently, nor for gender consistency. Multigroup structural equation modeling assessed gender differences in associations between negative affect, appetitive traits, and BE among 293 treatment-seeking adults with OW/OB (m age = 46.6; m body mass index[BMI] = 34.5; 81.2% female; 20.1% Latinx, 60.8% white non-Latinx), adjusting for age, race/ethnicity and BMI. Separate models examined BE measured by the BE Scale (BES) total score and past month binge days measured by the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDEQ). Both models demonstrated good model fit (CFI > 0.99, RMSEA < 0.03, SRMR < 0.06). BES scores were associated with negative affect (F:β = 0.17; M:β = 0.14) and appetitive traits (F:β = 0.57; M:β = 0.57) among both females and males (p’s ≤ 0.01). Binge days were associated with negative affect (β = 2.14) and appetitive traits (β = 1.48) in females (p’s < 0.01), but not males (p’s ≤ 0.30). A consistent covariance was observed between negative affect and appetitive traits across genders (r’s = 0.42–0.47, p’s ≤ 0.001). Conceptual models of BE should consider the joint role of negative affect and appetitive traits, as together these constructs may represent a larger risk factor for BE, particularly in adults with OW/OB. Future studies should evaluate potential gender bias in existing BE measurement tools, as the present study demonstrated inconsistent associations in males depending upon how BE was assessed.