bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protective role of FBXL19 in Streptococcus pneumoniae-induced lung injury in pneumonia immature mice
Authors: Chen Zhiqiang , Zheng Bijuan , Zhang Zhiwei , Huang Zhiyong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective
Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) is a common pathogen for pediatric pneumonia and leads to severe lung injury. This study is conducted to analyze the role of F-box and leucine rich repeat protein 19 (FBXL19) in Spn-induced lung injury in immature mice.

Methods
Immature mice were infected with Spn to record the survival rates and bacterial loads in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Levels of FBXL19 and FOXM1 in lung tissues were determined via real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction or Western blotting. After the interference of FBXL19, its impacts on lung inflammatory injury were appraised by the lung wet/dry weight ratio, myeloperoxidase activity, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The binding of FBXL19 to forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) in mouse lung epithelial cells was determined. After MG132 treatment, the protein and ubiquitination levels of FOXM1 were measured. The functional rescue experiments were performed to analyze the role of FOXM1 in FBXL19-regulated lung injury.

Results
FBXL19 was downregulated while FOXM1 was upregulated in lung tissues of Spn-infected immature mice. Overexpression of FBXL19 reduced the degree of lung injury and inflammation. FBXL19 can bind to FOXM1 to reduce its protein level via ubiquitination degradation. MG132 reduced the ubiquitination and increased the protein level of FOXM1. Overexpression of FOXM1 reversed the protective role of FBXL19 overexpression in lung injury of Spn immature mice.

Conclusion
FBXL19 was downregulated by Spn and FBXL19 overexpression alleviated lung injury by inducing ubiquitination and degradation of FOXM1 in Spn immature mice.
Deferral of elective surgeries during the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on Palestinian patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Atary Mousa , Abu-Rmeileh Niveen M. E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundDuring the Covid-19 epidemic, the increased number of people seeking medical attention worsened hospital shortages. This shortage required reallocating the workforce, personal protective equipment (PPE), medical equipment, medical disposables, and hospital wards. This reallocation delayed a number of elective surgeries. This study explored the financial, physical, and psychological implications of deferring elective surgeries on Palestinians in three West Bank hospitals during the pandemic.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 398 patients from tertiary hospitals in Palestine whose elective surgical procedures were deferred due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Between 8/8/2021 and 6/9/2021, data were collected on patients who had elective surgery deferral at three government hospitals in the West Bank of the Palestinian territories. There were five parts to the study tool; personal information, access to the health system, physical affection, financial effect, and psychological effect. Statistical analysis included a univariate, bivariate and multivariate.ResultsThe healthcare system's response to the COVID-19 epidemic directly affected patients whose surgeries were deferred. The healthcare system's response was the cause of the delay in 91.5% of the cases. Orthopedic and neurological surgeries account for 48.3% of deferred surgery. Other than delayed surgeries, 30.2% of patients were unable to get additional health care services. Physically, 55.5% of patients were impacted, 45% were anxious, and 29.6% were depressed.ConclusionsPatients who had procedures deferred as a result of the healthcare system's response to the COVID-19 epidemic were impacted physically, financially, and psychologically. There should bea better crisis management strategyto ensure that certain hospitals are able to operate regularly despite the situation.
Bi-stability and critical transitions in mental health care systems: a model-based analysis
Authors: Skinner Adam , Occhipinti Jo-An , Prodan Ante , Song Yun Ju Christine , Hickie Ian B. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Delayed initiation and early discontinuation of treatment due to limited availability and accessibility of services may often result in people with mild or moderate mental disorders developing more severe disorders, leading to an increase in demand for specialised care that would be expected to further restrict service availability and accessibility (due to increased waiting times, higher out-of-pocket costs, etc.).

Methods
We developed a simple system dynamics model of the interaction of specialised services capacity and disease progression to examine the impact of service availability and accessibility on the effectiveness and efficiency of mental health care systems.

Results
Model analysis indicates that, under certain conditions, increasing services capacity can precipitate an abrupt, step-like transition from a state of persistently high unmet need for specialised services to an alternative, stable state in which people presenting for care receive immediate and effective treatment. This qualitative shift in services system functioning results from a ‘virtuous cycle’ in which increasing treatment-dependent recovery among patients with mild to moderate disorders reduces the number of severely ill patients requiring intensive and/or prolonged treatment, effectively ‘releasing’ services capacity that can be used to further reduce the disease progression rate. We present an empirical case study of tertiary-level child and adolescent mental health services in the Australian state of South Australia demonstrating that the conditions under which such critical transitions can occur apply in real-world services systems.

Conclusions
Policy and planning decisions aimed at increasing specialised services capacity have the potential to dramatically increase the effectiveness and efficiency of mental health care systems, promoting long-term sustainability and resilience in the face of future threats to population mental health (e.g., economic crises, natural disasters, global pandemics).
Uncovering gene-family founder events during major evolutionary transitions in animals, plants and fungi using GenEra
Authors: Barrera-Redondo Josué , Lotharukpong Jaruwatana Sodai , Drost Hajk-Georg , Coelho Susana M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe present GenEra (https://github.com/josuebarrera/GenEra), a DIAMOND-fueled gene-family founder inference framework that addresses previously raised limitations and biases in genomic phylostratigraphy, such as homology detection failure. GenEra also reduces computational time from several months to a few days for any genome of interest. We analyze the emergence of taxonomically restricted gene families during major evolutionary transitions in plants, animals, and fungi. Our results indicate that the impact of homology detection failure on inferred patterns of gene emergence is lineage-dependent, suggesting that plants are more prone to evolve novelty through the emergence of new genes compared to animals and fungi.
Suture-tape augmentation of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a prospective, randomised controlled trial (STACLR)
Authors: Huntington Lachlan , Griffith Andrew , Spiers Libby , Pile Rebecca , Batty Lachlan , Tulloch Scott , Tran Phong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction aims to restore anteroposterior and rotatory stability to the knee following ACL injury. This requires the graft to withstand the forces applied during the process of ligamentisation and the rehabilitative period. We hypothesise that the use of suture tape augmentation of single bundle ACL reconstruction (ACLR) will reduce residual knee laxity and improve patient-reported outcomes at 2-year follow-up. We will conduct a 1:1 parallel arm single-centre randomised controlled trial comparing suture tape augmented ACLR to standard ACLR technique.

Methods
The study design will be a parallel arm 1:1 allocation ratio randomised controlled trial. Sixty-six patients aged 18 and over waitlisted for primary ACLR will be randomised. Patients requiring osteotomy and extra-articular tenodesis and who have had previous contralateral ACL rupture or repair of meniscal or cartilage pathology that modifies the post-operative rehabilitation will be excluded. The primary outcome measure will be the side-to-side difference in anterior tibial translation (measured on the GNRB arthrometer) at 24 months post-surgery. GNRB arthrometer measures will also be taken preoperatively, at 3 months and 12 months post-surgery. Secondary outcomes will include patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) collected online, including quality of life, activity and readiness to return to sport, complication rates (return to theatre, graft failure and rates of sterile effusion), examination findings and return to sport outcomes. Participants will be seen preoperatively, at 6 weeks, 3 months, 12 months and 24 months post-surgery. Participants and those taking arthrometer measures will be blinded to allocation.

Discussion
This will be the first randomised trial to investigate the effect of suture-tape augmentation of ACLR on either objective or subjective outcome measures. The use of suture-tape augmentation in ACLR has been associated with promising biomechanical and animal-level studies, exhibiting equivalent complication profiles to the standard technique, with initial non-comparative clinical studies establishing possible areas of advantage for the technique. The successful completion of this trial will allow for an improved understanding of the in situ validity of tape augmentation whilst potentially providing a further platform for surgical stabilisation of the ACL graft.

Trial registration
Australia New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry ACTRN12621001162808. Universal Trial Number (UTN): U1111-1268-1487. Registered prospectively on 27 August 2021
Effect of lung ultrasound-guided fluid deresuscitation on duration of ventilation in intensive care unit patients (CONFIDENCE): protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial
Authors: Blok Siebe G. , Mousa Amne , Brouwer Michelle G. , de Grooth Harm-Jan , Neto Ary Serpa , Blans Michiel J. , den Boer Sylvia , Dormans Tom , Endeman Henrik , Roeleveld Timo , Scholten Harm , van Slobbe-Bijlsma Eline R. , Scholten Erik , Touw Hugo , van der Ven Fleur Stefanie L. I. M. , Wils Evert-Jan , van Westerloo David J. , Heunks Leo M. A. , Schultz Marcus J. , Paulus Frederique , Tuinman Pieter R. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Fluid therapy is a common intervention in critically ill patients. It is increasingly recognised that deresuscitation is an essential part of fluid therapy and delayed deresuscitation is associated with longer invasive ventilation and length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay. However, optimal timing and rate of deresuscitation remain unclear. Lung ultrasound (LUS) may be used to identify fluid overload. We hypothesise that daily LUS-guided deresuscitation is superior to deresuscitation without LUS in critically ill patients expected to undergo invasive ventilation for more than 24 h in terms of ventilator free-days and being alive at day 28.

Methods
The “effect of lung ultrasound-guided fluid deresuscitation on duration of ventilation in intensive care unit patients” (CONFIDENCE) is a national, multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial (RCT) in adult critically ill patients that are expected to be invasively ventilated for at least 24 h. Patients with conditions that preclude a negative fluid balance or LUS examination are excluded. CONFIDENCE will operate in 10 ICUs in the Netherlands and enrol 1000 patients. After hemodynamic stabilisation, patients assigned to the intervention will receive daily LUS with fluid balance recommendations. Subjects in the control arm are deresuscitated at the physician’s discretion without the use of LUS. The primary endpoint is the number of ventilator-free days and being alive at day 28. Secondary endpoints include the duration of invasive ventilation; 28-day mortality; 90-day mortality; ICU, in hospital and total length of stay; cumulative fluid balance on days 1–7 after randomisation and on days 1–7 after start of LUS examination; mean serum lactate on days 1–7; the incidence of reintubations, chest drain placement, atrial fibrillation, kidney injury (KDIGO stadium ≥ 2) and hypernatremia; the use of invasive hemodynamic monitoring, and chest-X-ray; and quality of life at day 28.

Discussion
The CONFIDENCE trial is the first RCT comparing the effect of LUS-guided deresuscitation to routine care in invasively ventilated ICU patients. If proven effective, LUS-guided deresuscitation could improve outcomes in some of the most vulnerable and resource-intensive patients in a manner that is non-invasive, easy to perform, and well-implementable.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05188092. Registered since January 12, 2022
Development of core outcome sets of Food for Special Medical Purposes designed for type 2 diabetes mellitus: a study protocol
Authors: Mu Dongyu , Gong Jie , Wei Yaoyao , Chen Muxi , Yu Jiajie , Du Liang , Hu Wen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The Chinese government stipulates all food for special medical purposes (FSMP) designed for specific diseases to be tested in clinical trials before approving it for registration. The process of developing core outcome sets (COSs), the minimum sets of outcomes supposed to be measured and reported, provides an economical and practical option for stakeholders to communicate and cooperate in conducting clinical trials as well as in reporting FSMP outcomes. This study uses type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as an example to develop COS for clinical trials of FSMP.

Methods
The COS for FSMP-T2DM will be divided into 3 phases and developed following COS-STAP and COS-STAD:
(1) Generate a list of relevant outcomes identified from a systematic review, in which information sources will mainly include published studies, regulatory documentation, and qualitative interviews of stakeholders. The identified outcomes will be categorized using a conceptual framework and formatted into the first round of the Delphi survey questionnaire items.
(2) At least 2 rounds of Delphi surveys will be performed among stakeholders to create the COS for FSMP-T2DM. Patients, clinical dietitians, physicians, COS researchers, journal editors, FSMP manufacturers, and regulatory representatives will be invited to score each outcome from aspects of importance.
(3) Hold a face-to-face or online consensus meeting to refine the content of the COS for FSMP-T2DM. Key stakeholders will be invited to attend the meeting to discuss and agree on the final COS.

Discussion
We have prepared an alternative solution of the Likert scale selection, Delphi survey rounds, scoring group, and consensus definitions in case of an unexpected situation.

Trial registration
COMET (1547). Registered on March 23, 2020.
Use of green fluorescent nano-sensors for the determination of furosemide in biological samples and pharmaceutical preparations
Authors: Abo Zaid Mona H. , El-Enany Nahed , Mostafa Aziza E. , Hadad Ghada M. , Belal Fathalla 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are new class of carbon nanoparticles. Recently, they have been widely used as fluorescent probes due to their easy accessibility, optical properties and chemical inertness. Many available precursors are used in the synthesis of carbon quantum dots. The electrical and optical properties of CQDs could be enhanced by doping hetero atoms such as nitrogen or sulfur into their structure.

Objective
The current work presents the synthesis and characterization of water-soluble nitrogen doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) and their use as fluorescent nano-sensors for the spectrofluorimetric determination of furosemide in its pharmaceutical preparations and spiked human plasma.

Methods
A domestic microwave was used to prepare the N-CQDs by heating a solution of sucrose and urea till complete charring (about ten minutes). The produced N-CQDs exhibit a strong emission band at 376 nm after excitation at 216 nm. Furosemide caused a quantitative quenching in the fluorescence intensity of the produced N-CQDs.

Results
The proposed method was validated according to ICH Guidelines. The method was found to be linear over the range of 0.1–1.0 µg/mL with LOQ of 0.087 µg/ml.

Conclusion
Ecofriendly nano fluorescent sensors (N-CQDs) were successfully synthesized. The size of N-CQDs was distributed in the range of 6.63 nm to 10.23 nm with an average of 8.2 nm. The produced N-CQDs were used as fluorescent probes for the estimation of furosemide in its pharmaceutical preparations as well as spiked human plasma samples.
Primary adrenal Ewing’s sarcoma family of tumors with tumor thrombus of the inferior vena cava: a case report
Authors: Atagi Kaya , Karashima Takashi , Mizutani Keisuke , Fukuhara Hideo , Fukata Satoshi , Miura Yujiro , Mitsuishi Atsuyuki , Hanazaki Kazuhiro , Uemura Sunao , Miyazaki Ryohei , Anayama Takashi , Yamane Mayuka , Sakai Mizu , Iguchi Mitsuko , Yorita Kenji , Inoue Keiji 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Ewing’s sarcoma is a malignant neoplasm that mainly occurs in skeletal tissue but can rarely arise in soft tissues. Recently, small round cell tumors (including Ewing’s sarcoma) caused by chromosomal translocations have been collectively termed Ewing’s sarcoma family of tumors. We report a rare case of primary adrenal Ewing’s sarcoma family of tumors with tumor thrombus.

Case presentation
A 22-year-old Asian woman was referred to our hospital with a left retroperitoneal tumor 19 cm in diameter. Tumor thrombus was identified from the left adrenal vein to the inferior vena cava, infiltrating the right atrium. Total tumor excision with left adrenalectomy, nephrectomy, and thrombectomy was performed under hypothermic circulatory arrest, followed by seven courses of adjuvant chemotherapy. The patient has shown no signs of recurrence as of 26 months postoperatively.

Conclusion
Radical surgery combined with systemic chemotherapy may contribute to good prognosis in patients with primary adrenal Ewing’s sarcoma family of tumors.
On Fejér’s inequality: generalizations and applications
Authors: Rostamian Delavar Mohsen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper deals with generalizations and refinements of Fejér’s inequality with some new applications. We introduce a real mapping$\mathcal{M}_{f}^{\omega}(t)$Mfω(t)and obtain some its functional properties. We present several inequalities in connection with fractional integrals and their refinements by monotone functions. We also give some inequalities related to Euler’s gamma and beta functions. Furthermore, we obtain some upper and lower bounds for generalized logarithmic mean and the expected value of random variables by using the arithmetic mean.
Association between decreased grip strength in preschool children and the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study from 2015 to 2021
Authors: Yuki Atsumu , Tamase Yumi , Nakayama Mika 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has reduced people’s physical activity. It is essential to accumulate knowledge regarding the influence of COVID-19 on the stimulation of physical fitness and physical functions. Several studies have reported the effects of COVID-19 on physical fitness; however, there are very few reports regarding preschoolers. This study aimed to compare the physical fitness of preschoolers before and during the COVID-19 pandemic to clarify the effects of curtailment of outings implemented to control the pandemic on physical fitness among preschoolers.

Methods
The subjects were 593 Japanese preschool children enrolled at a kindergarten during 2015–2019 and in 2021 who received a physical fitness test. Children enrolled in 2020 who did not receive a physical fitness test because of the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded. The physical fitness test included grip strength, standing long jump, and a 25-m run. The relationship between physical fitness level and survey year was analyzed using a general linear model, with grip strength and standing long jump as dependent variables, year of study as the independent variable, and sex and age in months as adjusted variables. Kruskal–Wallis test was used to analyze data for the 25-m run. Multiple comparisons were used to compare fitness levels between 2021 (during the COVID-19 pandemic) with levels in previous years.

Results
Significant relationships were found between survey year and each of grip strength (p < 0.001), standing long jump (p < 0.05), and 25-m run (p < 0.001) among the overall subjects. Grip strength was significantly lower in 2021 compared with the 2016–2019 period. Similarly, sub-stratification analysis by sex showed that grip strength was lower in 2021 than in previous survey years, in both sexes. However, there was no difference in standing long jump or 25-m run times between before and during the pandemic among the overall subjects or according to sex.

Conclusions
These findings indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative effect on the development of muscle strength in preschoolers, and suggest the need to develop strategies that could promote the development of muscle strength of preschool children when limitations are placed on activity during prolonged infectious disease pandemics.
Novel tag-based method for measuring tailbeat frequency and variations in amplitude in fish
Authors: Warren-Myers F. , Svendsen E. , Føre M. , Folkedal O. , Oppedal F. , Hvas M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe tailbeat frequency (TBF) together with tailbeat amplitude (TBA) of fish are tightly correlated with swimming speed. In addition, these parameters can be used as indicators of metabolic rate and general activity level, provided that appropriate calibration studies have been performed in the laboratory. If an implantable bio-logger could measure TBF and TBA, it would, therefore, have great potential as a tool to monitor swimming behaviours and bioenergetics over extended periods of time in free roaming fish within natural or farm environments. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to establish a method for deriving accurate TBF and variations in TBA from activity tags that log high-resolution acceleration data. We used 6 tagged Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) of ≈1 kg and subjected them to two types of swim trials in a large swim tunnel system. Test speeds were either incrementally increased in 20-min intervals until steady swimming ceased, or constant speed of 60 cm s−1 was given in a 4-h sustained test. The TBFs were visually observed by camera and compared with computed values from the activity tags. In the incremental trials the TBF increased linearly with swimming speed, while it remained constant during the 4 h of sustained swimming. The TBFs measured by activity tags were within ± 0.1 beat s−1 of the visual measurements across the swim speeds tested between 30 to 80 cm s−1. Furthermore, TBF and its corresponding relative swim speed were consistent between trial type. The relative TBA increased with swimming speed as a power function, showing that the fish relies on changes in both amplitude and frequency of tail movements when swimming at higher speeds, while adjustments of amplitude only play a minor part at lower speeds. These results demonstrate that TBFs can be measured accurately via activity tags, and thus be used to infer swimming activities and bioenergetics of free roaming fish. Furthermore, it is also possible to estimate changes in TBA via activity tags which allows for more nuanced assessments of swimming patterns in free roaming fish.