bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Co‐Generation of Orthogonal Soliton Pair in a Monolithic Fiber Resonator with Mechanical Tunability
Authors: Qin Chenye , Du Junting , Tan Teng , Chang Bing , Jia Kunpeng , Liang Yupei , Wang Wenting , Guo Yanhong , Xia Handing , Zhu Shining , Rao Yunjiang , Xie Zhenda , Yao Baicheng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSoliton frequency combs generated in microresonators offer powerful tools for optical metrology, due to the high time‐frequency resolution. Here, via exciting the intracavity Brillouin laser in a high Q monolithic fiber resonator, a pair of orthogonal Kerr soliton combs is generated, which share the same repetition (frep ≈ 1.001 GHz) due to the soliton trapping but different central wavelengths (≈ 9.278 GHz). They offer rich dual‐comb beat notes with minimum phase noise down to −166.5 dBc Hz−1@1 MHz. Thanks to the geometric flexibility of the monolithic fiber resonator, the orthogonal soliton pair is found to be mechanically controllable with high precision. Specifically, by applying external stress on the microcavity in a range of ≈ 0–7.33 mN, the difference of their carrier‐envelope‐offset frequencies (Δfceo) is linearly tunable with a response of 0.3 kHz µN−1, meanwhile, tunability of the frep reaches 0.4 kHz µN−1. Such an orthogonally polarized dual soliton with stress controllability combining Brillouin excitation and parametric oscillation can offer a miniature all‐in‐fiber tool for wide applications ranging from frequency‐adjustable photonic microwave sources to highly sensitive gyroscopes.
High‐Performance Mode‐Multiplexing Device with Anisotropic Lithium‐Niobate‐on‐Insulator Waveguides
Authors: Zhao Weike , Liu Ruoran , Zhu Mingyu , Guo Zehao , He Jianghao , Li Hanwen , Pan Bingcheng , Yu Zejie , Liu Liu , Shi Yaocheng , Dai Daoxin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThin‐film lithium‐niobate photonics has attracted intensive attention due to its superior material properties. In particular, multimode lithium‐niobate photonics is becoming attractive for the applications of high‐capacity optical interconnects and high‐efficiency nonlinear optics. However, multimode manipulation in lithium‐niobate‐on‐insulator (LNOI) waveguides is not easy because there might occur some mode hybridness due to the vertical asymmetry as well as the material anisotropy. In this paper, high‐performance mode‐multiplexing devices with anisotropic LNOI waveguides are proposed, consisting of a multi‐channel mode (de)multiplexer and a sharp multimode waveguide bend (MWB). The mode (de)multiplexer is designed with Z‐propagation LNOI waveguides to avoid the mode hybridness. Meanwhile, the sharp MWB is designed to connect with a Y‐propagation waveguide, enabling access to the highest electro‐optic coefficient and second‐order nonlinear coefficient. The fabricated mode (de)multiplexer has a low excess loss less than 0.2 dB as well as low crosstalk less than ‐19 dB in the wavelength range of 1520–1600 nm. These high‐performance multimode photonic devices are useful for developing multimode LN photonics.
Spectral Manipulation of X‐Ray Excited Optical/Persistent Luminescence by Constructing Metal–Organic Framework@Fluoride Nanoparticles Composites
Authors: Xu Weixin , Lei Lei , Wang Yubin , Prasad Paras N. , Chen Liang , Xu Shiqing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLanthanide doped fluoride nanoparticles (NPs) possess superior X‐ray excited optical luminescence (XEOL) and persistent luminescence (XEPL), which attracts great attention in many fields. Manipulating profiles of XEOL and XEPL spectra is of siginificance for new emerging applications, however, the intrinsic sharp 4f–4f transitions of trivalent lanthanide ions only generate narrow emission profiles. Here, a convenient and versatile strategy is demonstrated to greatly modulate the emission spectrum in a broad wavelength range by constructing a new class of metal–organic framework (MOF)@NPs composites which involves electrostatic binding of positively charged various rare‐earth containing fluoride nanoparticles with the same negatively charged surface of a MOF. The emission profile can be facile designed through controlling the attached NPs composition and their relative contents on the MOF crystals. For the first time, the MOF@NPs composites are employed to realize full XEOL spectrum for multiple organic molecules sensing using the matching of their absorption profiles with the XEOL of a specific NP to effect energy transfer. In addition, time and temperature dependent multicolor XEPL evolution provides advanced information encryption. These findings can promote the exploration of a new type of nanoscintillators with innovative XEOL and XEPL performances.
Coacervate‐Filled Lipid Vesicles for Protein Delivery
Authors: Yeh Chia‐Wei , Wang Yadong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMacromolecularly crowded coacervate is useful in protein delivery for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, coacervate tends to aggregate easily, which impedes their application. Here, this work presents a method to prepare coacervate with enhanced stability. This work assembles phospholipids on the surface of a coacervate to form lipocoacervate (LipCo). The resultant LipCo possesses a discrete spherical structure with a coacervate interior and phospholipid outer shell. The size of LipCo does not change over the four‐week observation window, whereas coacervate coalesced into one bulk phase within 30 min. This work uses vascular endothelial growth factor‐C (VEGF‐C) and fibroblast growth factor‐2 (FGF‐2) as examples to test LipCo's ability to maintain protein bioactivity. The in vitro lymphangiogenesis assay demonstrates that human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) formed increased network of cord in VEGF‐C and FGF‐2 loaded LipCo group compared to free proteins and proteins loaded in coacervate. Overall, LipCo could serve as a protein delivery vehicle with improved colloidal stability.
Firm investment and financial autonomy: A transaction cost economics and firm lifecycle approach
Authors: Zhao Xu , Chen Qi‐an , Zhang Haitao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study examines how firm's investments relate to financial autonomy across different stages of lifecycle. With 1367 Chinese listed companies from 1990 to 2018, the results indicate that firms with high (low) financial autonomy tend to over‐invest (under‐invest). Accordingly, financially autonomous firms have lower valuation. While corporate governance mitigates both over‐ and under‐investment over time in China, such an effect becomes statistically insignificant after considering different magnitudes of financial autonomy. The Chinese policy makers should consider designing more solid corporate governance to control the opportunism of managers who are more financially independent.
A micromechanics‐based approach to damage propagation criterion in viscoelastic fractured materials regarded as homogenized media
Authors: Aguiar Cássio B. , Maghous Samir 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper aims to formulate a damage propagation criterion in microfractured viscoelastic materials, relying upon a micromechanics reasoning together with thermodynamics concepts. The fracture density is regarded as damage parameter at macroscopic scale. The equivalent behavior of the heterogeneous material (solid matrix + fractures) is first formulated within the framework of viscoelastic homogenization theory. In this context, relevant relationships relating local fields to macroscopic fields are derived, thus allowing a clear micromechanical interpretation of quantities involved in the upscaling process, such as the residual or viscous strains. Based on thermodynamic concepts, the energy dissipation and the free energy of the homogenized viscoelastic material are deduced at the macroscopic scale. The formulation of an energetic‐based criterion for damage propagation in viscoelastic fractured materials is then achieved by viewing the macroscopic energy release rate as the thermodynamic force responsible for propagation. Due to the delayed deformation component, the formulation is time‐dependent. Since it is formulated directly at the homogenized material level, the main advantage of the approach developed in this work is the rigorous determination of the energy release rate expression, without neglecting any residual term. In the last part of the paper, several numerical applications are performed to illustrate the main features of the modeling and to provide comparison with available simplified formulations. Finally, the proposed damage propagation criterion is applied to give qualitative insights on fracturing process of sedimentary layered rocks at geological times scale viewed as a long‐term mechanical damage problem, emphasizing the viscosity effects in preventing fracture propagation.
Hybrid time‐dependent reliability analysis under a mixture of random and interval uncertainties
Authors: Zhou Changcong , Gao Shiju , Chang Qi , Zhao Haodong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA new time‐dependent reliability analysis model with a mixture of random variables and interval variables is proposed in this paper. First, samples of random variables are generated according to their probability density functions. Then, the samples are substituted into the performance function to obtain the interval processes corresponding to these samples. The reliability index of each interval process is computed to finally obtain the upper and lower bounds of failure probability. The adaptive Kriging surrogate model based on the global addition strategy is used in the calculation process to increase the computational efficiency. The accuracy of the computational strategy is demonstrated by a mathematical example and three engineering practical cases. The proposed new hybrid time‐dependent reliability model is compared to the conventional hybrid reliability model. The comparison results show that the proposed model is more convenient to implement than the conventional reliability model. It can accurately evaluate the reliability of the structure and can be applied to real‐world engineering practice thereby providing assistance and guidance for hybrid time‐dependent reliability analysis of structures.
A two‐decade population‐based study on the effect of hypertension in the general population with obesity in the United States
Authors: Kong Gwyneth , Chin Yip H. , Lim Jieyu , Ng Cheng H. , Kannan Shankar , Chong Bryan , Lin Chaoxing , Chan Kai E. , Anand Vickram V. , Lee Ethan C. Z. , Loong Shaun , Wong Zhen Y. , Khoo Chin M. , Muthiah Mark , Foo Roger , Dimitriadis Georgios K. , Figtree Gemma A. , Wang Yibin , Chan Mark , Chew Nicholas W. S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveWith rising prevalence of hypertension and obesity, the effect of hypertension in obesity remains an important global issue. The prognosis of the US general population with obesity based on hypertension control was examined.MethodsThis study examined participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 1999 and 2018. Individuals with obesity were stratified into no hypertension, controlled hypertension, and uncontrolled hypertension. The study outcome was all‐cause mortality. Cox regression of all‐cause mortality was adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, diabetes, and previous myocardial infarction.ResultsOf 16,386 individuals with obesity, 53.1% had no hypertension, 24.7% had controlled hypertension, and 22.2% had uncontrolled hypertension. All‐cause mortality was significantly higher in uncontrolled hypertension (17.1%), followed by controlled hypertension (14.8%) and no hypertension (4.0%). Uncontrolled hypertension had the highest mortality risk (hazard ratio [HR] 1.34, 95% CI: 1.13‐1.59, p = 0.001), followed by controlled hypertension (HR 1.21, 95% CI: 1.10‐1.34, p < 0.001), compared with no hypertension after adjustment. The excess mortality trend was more pronounced in females, those with diabetes, and those older than age 65 years.ConclusionsThe incremental mortality risk in controlled and uncontrolled hypertension, compared with the normotensive counterparts, irrespective of sex, age, and diabetes status, urges health care providers to optimize hypertension control and advocate weight loss to achieve better outcomes in obesity.
Influence of filler type and content on thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of thermoplastic compounds
Authors: Wolfsgruber Nina , Tanda Andreas , Archodoulaki Vasiliki‐Maria , Burgstaller Christoph 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCombining thermal conductivity with electrical isolation is a very interesting topic for electronic applications in order to transfer the generated heat. Typical approaches combine thermally conductive fillers with a thermoplastic matrix. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of different fillers and matrices on the thermal conductivity of the polymer matrix composites. In this study, various inorganic fillers, including aluminum oxide (Al2O3), zinc oxide (ZnO), and boron nitride (BN) with different shapes and sizes, were used in matrix polymers, such as polyamide 6 (PA6), polypropylene (PP), polycarbonate (PC), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), and polysulfone (PSU), to produce thermally conductive polymer matrix composites by compounding and injection molding. Using simple mathematical models (e.g., Agari model, Lewis–Nielson model), a first attempt was made to predict thermal conductivity from constituent properties. The materials were characterized by tensile testing, density measurement, and thermal conductivity measurement. Contact angle measurements and the calculated surface energy can be used to evaluate the wetting behavior, which correlates directly with the elastic modulus. Based on the aforementioned evaluations, we found that besides the volume fraction, the particle shape in combination with the intrinsic thermal conductivity of the filler has the greatest influence on the thermal conductivity of the composite.
Purcell and Collection Efficiency Enhancement of Single NV‐ Center Emission Coupled to an Asymmetric Tamm Structure
Authors: Singh Nitesh , Nair Rajesh V. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe resonant modes associated with engineered photonic structures of different spatial‐dimension are essential to obtain bright on‐demand single photon sources for quantum technologies. Negatively‐charged nitrogen‐vacancy (NV‐) center in diamond is proposed as an excellent single‐photon source at room temperature. The possible optical readout of spin states in diamond makes it a good candidate for the spin‐photon interface. However, poor light collection, feeble zero‐phonon line, low emission rate, and broad phonon‐induced emission limit the use of NV‐ centers in quantum technologies. Here, a feasible, easy‐to‐fabricate, asymmetric Tamm structure coupled with a single NV‐ center to enhance the emission rate of zero phonon line (ZPL) with better light collection efficiency is presented. The asymmetric Tamm structure shows dual resonant mode with one of the modes coinciding with NV‐ ZPL wavelength of 640 nm. The mode quality factor (Q‐factor) is 140, which is greater than the Q‐factor of conventional Tamm structure and hence, improved field intensity localization. The authors achieved four times Purcell enhancement and five times enhanced light collection efficiency at 640 nm. The proposed asymmetric Tamm structure helps to generate bright single photons using NV‐ center and improves the efficacy of the spin‐photon interface.
Predictive soil mapping based on the similarity of environmental covariates using a spatial convolutional autoencoder
Authors: Su Li , Zhang Meiyu , Wang Bing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIndividual predictive soil mapping (iPSM) can predict the soil properties and quantify the prediction uncertainty by using a limited quantity of soil samples. This method assumes that the locations with similar environmental conditions have similar soil properties. The similarity between the locations in the iPSM is calculated based on the environment covariates corresponding to each location. However, this method does not consider the spatial structure information of covariates at the locations. To address this shortcoming, this study proposes a convolutional autoencoder (CAE) model to obtain new covariates called the CAE covariates. These covariates represent the spatial structure information of environment covariates at a certain location. The iPSM based on the similarity calculated using the CAE covariates is applied to predict clay, silt, and sand. A total of 60 sets of compressed CAE covariates are generated based on different spatial neighborhoods and embedded layer sizes. Compared to the original covariates, the iPSM based on the similarity calculated by the CAE covariates improves the prediction accuracy and significantly reduces the prediction uncertainty for clay, silt, and sand. For embedded 20 of neighborhood 9, the improvements in clay, silt, and sand are the highest, and they are 20.2%, 15.8%, and 18.5%, respectively. The largest improvement in the average uncertainty is 96.4% for embedded 5 of neighborhood 13. By applying a range of user‐defined thresholds, the proposed method improves the prediction accuracy for clay, silt, and sand, reduces the prediction uncertainty, and expands the prediction area simultaneously. The trade‐off between the prediction accuracy and the areas that can be predicted by the iPSM is alleviated. The CAE covariates are promising for other machine learning algorithms for digital soil mapping and models that require using spatial environment variables as an input.
Stretchable Transistor‐Structured Artificial Synapses for Neuromorphic Electronics
Authors: Wang Xiumei , Yang Huihuang , Li Enlong , Cao Chunbin , Zheng Wen , Chen Huipeng , Li Wenwu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractStretchable synaptic transistors, a core technology in neuromorphic electronics, have functions and structures similar to biological synapses and can concurrently transmit signals and learn. Stretchable synaptic transistors are usually soft and stretchy and can accommodate various mechanical deformations, which presents significant prospects in soft machines, electronic skin, human–brain interfaces, and wearable electronics. Considerable efforts have been devoted to developing stretchable synaptic transistors to implement electronic device neuromorphic functions, and remarkable advances have been achieved. Here, this review introduces the basic concept of artificial synaptic transistors and summarizes the recent progress in device structures, functional‐layer materials, and fabrication processes. Classical stretchable synaptic transistors, including electric double‐layer synaptic transistors, electrochemical synaptic transistors, and optoelectronic synaptic transistors, as well as the applications of stretchable synaptic transistors in light‐sensory systems, tactile‐sensory systems, and multisensory artificial‐nerves systems, are discussed. Finally, the current challenges and potential directions of stretchable synaptic transistors are analyzed. This review presents a detailed introduction to the recent progress in stretchable synaptic transistors from basic concept to applications, providing a reference for the development of stretchable synaptic transistors in the future.
Understanding the Visible Absorption of Electron Accepting and Donating CNDs
Authors: Reva Yana , Jana Bikash , Langford Daniel , Kinzelmann Marina , Bo Yifan , Schol Peter R. , Scharl Tobias , Zhao Xinyi , Crisp Ryan W. , Drewello Thomas , Clark Timothy , Cadranel Alejandro , Guldi Dirk M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCarbon nanodots (CNDs) synthesized from citric acid and formyl derivatives, that is, formamide, urea, or N‐methylformamide, stand out through their broad‐range visible‐light absorbance and extraordinary photostability. Despite their potential, their use has thus far been limited to imaging research. This work has now investigated the link between CNDs’ photochemical properties and their chemical structure. Electron‐rich, yellow carbon nanodots (yCNDs) are obtained with in situ addition of NaOH during the synthesis, whereas otherwise electron‐poor, red carbon nanodots (rCNDs) are obtained. These properties originate from the reduced and oxidized dimer of citrazinic acid within the matrix of yCNDs and rCNDs, respectively. Remarkably, yCNDs deposited on TiO2 give a 30% higher photocurrent density of 0.7 mA cm−2 at +0.3 V versus Ag/AgCl under Xe‐lamp irradiation (450 nm long‐pass filter, 100 mW cm−2) than rCNDs. The difference in overall photoelectric performance is due to fundamentally different charge‐transfer mechanisms. These depend on either the electron‐accepting or the electron‐donating nature of the CNDs, as is evident from photoelectrochemical tests with TiO2 and NiO and time‐resolved spectroscopic measurements.
High‐Performance CMOS Inverter Array with Monolithic 3D Architecture Based on CVD‐Grown n‐MoS2 and p‐MoTe2
Authors: Jia Xionghui , Cheng Zhixuan , Han Bo , Cheng Xing , Wang Qi , Ran Yuqia , Xu Wanjin , Li Yanping , Gao Peng , Dai Lun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this work, monolithic three‐dimensional complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) inverter array has been fabricated, based on large‐scale n‐MoS2 and p‐MoTe2 grown by the chemical vapor deposition method. In the CMOS device, the n‐ and p‐channel field‐effect transistors (FETs) stack vertically and share the same gate electrode. High k HfO2 is used as the gate dielectric. An Al2O3 seed layer is used to protect the MoS2 from heavily n‐doping in the later‐on atomic layer deposition process. P‐MoTe2 FET is intentionally designed as the upper layer. Because p‐doping of MoTe2 results from oxygen and water in the air, this design can guarantee a higher hole density of MoTe2. An HfO2 capping layer is employed to further balance the transfer curves of n‐ and p‐channel FETs and improve the performance of the inverter. The typical gain and power consumption of the CMOS devices are about 4.2 and 0.11 nW, respectively, at VDD of 1 V. The statistical results show that the CMOS array is with high device yield (60%) and an average voltage gain value of about 3.6 at VDD of 1 V. This work demonstrates the advantage of two‐dimensional semi‐conductive transition metal dichalcogenides in fabricating high‐density integrated circuits.
Pragmatism as practice theory: The experience of systems and OR scholars
Authors: Ormerod Richard 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe paper examines the application of American pragmatism by systems and OR scholars who attempt to understand the interactions between consultants and clients at a detailed level. Specifically it examines whether pragmatism can be considered to be a practice theory by examining the empirical evidence of published case studies. A search of mainly OR journals identified 12 published papers containing detailed descriptions of behaviour in systems and OR interventions. On closer examination, six were found to be based on pragmatism through their reliance on boundary theory; five utilised grounded theory; the remaining paper utilised unbounded systems theory, which is based explicitly on pragmatism. Nine conclusions are reached which summarise the progress to date of utilising pragmatism‐as‐a‐practice‐theory and three which point to the potential for future research, collaboration and application in the systems/OR domain. The paper addresses the perceived lack of empirical application of pragmatism to everyday affairs.