bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formulating Compressive Strength of Dust Aggregates from Low to High Volume Filling Factors with Numerical Simulations
Authors: Tatsuuma Misako , Kataoka Akimasa , Okuzumi Satoshi , Tanaka Hidekazu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Compressive strength is a key to understanding the internal structure of dust aggregates in protoplanetary disks and their resultant bodies, such as comets and asteroids in the solar system. Previous work has modeled the compressive strength of highly porous dust aggregates with volume filling factors lower than 0.1. However, a comprehensive understanding of the compressive strength from low (<0.1) to high (>0.1) volume filling factors is lacking. In this paper, we investigate the compressive strength of dust aggregates by using aggregate compression simulations resolving constituent grains based on Johnson-Kendall-Roberts theory to formulate the compressive strength comprehensively. We perform a series of numerical simulations with moving periodic boundaries mimicking the compression behavior. As a result, we find that the compressive strength becomes sharply harder when the volume filling factor exceeds 0.1. We succeed in formulating the compressive strength comprehensively by taking into account the rolling motion of aggregates for low volume filling factors and the closest packing of aggregates for high volume filling factors. We also find that the dominant compression mechanisms for high volume filling factors are sliding and twisting motions, while rolling motion dominates for low volume filling factors. We confirm that our results are in good agreement with previous numerical studies. We suggest that our analytical formula is consistent with the previous experimental results if we assume the surface energy of silicate is ≃210 ± 90 mJ m−2. Now, we can apply our results to properties of small compact bodies, such as comets, asteroids, and pebbles.
Are Nonthermal Velocities in Active Region Coronal Loops Anisotropic?
Authors: Hahn Michael , Asgari-Targhi Mahboubeh , Savin Daniel Wolf 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We have measured line widths in active region coronal loops in order to determine whether the nonthermal broadening is anisotropic with respect to the magnetic field direction. These nonthermal velocities are caused by unresolved fluid motions. Our analysis method combines spectroscopic data and a magnetic field extrapolation. We analyzed spectra from the Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer on Hinode. A differential emission measure analysis showed that many spectral lines that are commonly considered to be formed in the active region have a substantial contribution from the background quiet Sun. From these spectra we identified lines whose emission was dominated by the active region loops rather than background sources. Using these lines, we constructed maps of the nonthermal velocity. With data from the Helioseismic Magnetic Imager on the Solar Dynamics Observatory and the Coronal Modeling System nonlinear force-free magnetic field reconstruction code, we traced several of the magnetic field lines through the active region. Comparing the spectroscopic and magnetic data, we looked for correlations of the nonthermal velocity with the viewing angle between the line of sight and the magnetic field. We found that nonthermal velocities show a weak anticorrelation with the viewing angle. That is, the tendency is for the nonthermal velocity to be slightly larger in the parallel direction. This parallel broadening may be due to acoustic waves or unresolved parallel flows.
Tidal Truncation of Circumplanetary Disks Fails above a Critical Disk Aspect Ratio
Authors: Martin Rebecca G. , Armitage Philip J. , Lubow Stephen H. , Price Daniel J. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We use numerical simulations of circumplanetary disks to determine the boundary between disks that are radially truncated by the tidal potential and those where gas escapes the Hill sphere. We consider a model problem, in which a coplanar circumplanetary disk is resupplied with gas at an injection radius smaller than the Hill radius. We evolve the disk using the Phantom smoothed particle hydrodynamics code until a steady state is reached. We find that the most significant dependence of the truncation boundary is on the disk aspect ratio H/R. Circumplanetary disks are efficiently truncated for H/R ≲ 0.2. For H/R ≃ 0.3, up to about half of the injected mass, depending on the injection radius, flows outward through the decretion disk and escapes. As expected from analytic arguments, the conditions (H/R and Shakura–Sunyaev α) required for tidal truncation are independent of planet mass. A simulation with larger α = 0.1 shows stronger outflow than one with α = 0.01, but the dependence on transport efficiency is less important than variations of H/R. Our results suggest two distinct classes of circumplanetary disks: tidally truncated thin disks with dust-poor outer regions, and thicker actively decreting disks with enhanced dust-to-gas ratios. Applying our results to the PDS 70 c system, we predict a largely truncated circumplanetary disk, but it is possible that enough mass escapes to support an outward flow of dust that could explain the observed disk size.
Anomalous Flux Event in the TESS Sector 43 Light Curve of the White Dwarf Photometric Standard HZ 4 was Caused by a Passing Asteroid
Authors: Bell Keaton J. , Ardila David , Frymire Alexandra 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Frymire & Ardila reported an anomalous flux variation in the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) Sector 43 light curve of the white dwarf HZ 4. We show that this flux variation was caused by the main-belt asteroid 4382 Stravinsky traversing the nearby TESS pixels, and it is therefore not a cause for concern regarding the continued use of HZ 4 as a photometric standard star.
Assessment of Pulmonary Functions in COVID-19 Survivors and their Clinical Correlation at 6-month Follow-up
Authors: Mistry Jimit , Kumari Ankita , Kumar Sunil , Advani Manish , Purohit Chandra Shekhar , Vyas Harsh 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Long term impact of COVID-19 on pulmonary functions is still an area of active research.

Objective:
To assess pulmonary functions and their relationship with clinical severity of disease among COVID-19 survivors at six-month follow-up after being discharged from the hospital.

Methods:
It was a hospital based prospective observational six-month follow-up study. After fulfillment of all inclusion and exclusion criteria, subjects underwent spirometry and diffusion capacity of lung for carbon monoxide (DLco). Ninety-six subjects had completed the tests and were enrolled for the study. Categorization of subjects was made based on their clinical disease severity profile according to Government of India guidelines. Test results were correlated with clinical severity of disease.

Results:
Of 96 subjects, 46 were mild, 28 were moderate, 18 were severe and 4 were critical cases. Majority of subjects had normal spirometry (65.6 %) and DLco (66.6 %). Among abnormal lung functions, the commonest was reduced DLco (33.3%) followed by restrictive (18.7%), small airway disease (10.4 %), obstructive (3.1 %) and mixed (2%) spirometry patterns. With the advancement of clinical disease severity, the frequency of restrictive pattern (P<0.01) and reduced DLco increases significantly (P<0.05).

Conclusion:
After six months, few COVID-19 survivors had residual lung function impairment in terms of reduced DLco and restrictive spirometry pattern. Hence, we recommend regular lung function assessment with various methods such as spirometry and DLco in COVID-19 survivors and advocate more large scale - long term follow-up studies to investigate the further progression or resolution in these abnormalities over the time.
A Delphi Consensus on the Surgical Technique of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy
Authors: Bhasker Aparna Govil , Tantia Om , Khaitan Manish , Wadhawan Randeep , Kular K. S. , Baig Sarfaraz Jalil , Shah Sumeet , Bindal Vivek , Vashishtha Ashish , Peters Atul N. C. , Goel Deep , Narwaria Mahendra , Baijal Manish , Dukkipati Nandakishore , Chowbey Pradeep , Bhojwani Rajesh , Goel Ramen , Aggarwal Sandeep , Borude Sanjay , Patolia Sanjay , Shah Shashank , Dhorepatil Shrihari , Patnaik Sreejoy , Kalhan Sudhir , Ugale Surendra , Palanivelu Praveen Raj 
Published: July 2023

Introduction:
Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is the commonest bariatric operation being performed in India and worldwide. There are many technical variations that are being practiced. This Delphi consensus was an Obesity and Metabolic Surgery Society of India (OSSI) initiative to standardize the surgical technique of LSG.

Methods:
Twenty bariatric surgeons were selected as experts based on their years of experience in LSG, overall patient volumes, publications, and the recommendations of the executive committee of OSSI, to vote on 26 statements regarding the surgical steps of LSG. The minimum cutoff for consensus was taken as 70%.

Results:
The committee achieved a consensus on 19 out of 26 statements in the first round. One question was sent for reconsideration and 3 were resent after modification. Finally, consensus was reached on 22 statements. The consensus was reached regarding the use of preoperative upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. 85.7% agreed on an antral length of 3–5 cm. 85.7% were in favor of dissecting the left crus of the diaphragm completely and 100% agreed on Roux-en y gastric bypass to be the procedure of choice in the presence of medically refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease with hiatus hernia. Most experts agreed that a calibration tube must be used during LSG and the recommended size was between 36 and 40 Fr. Ninety-five percent agreed that care must be taken to avoid narrowing at the incisura and also to stay away from the angle of His. 71.4% did not recommend any kind of staple line reinforcement and 71.4% recommended a postoperative leak test.

Conclusion:
This Delphi consensus is a step toward improving the quality of surgical outcomes of LSG in India. This document has attempted to establish technical specifications of performing LSG. This will in turn help to maximize the reliability, standardization, and safety of the procedure until more robust studies are published.
Comparison of Surgery and Local Steroid Injections for the Treatment of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Minoğlu Mustafa , Sucu Hasan Kamil , Özdemirkıran Tolga 
Published: July 2023

Background:
There is no consensus about the optimum treatment or treatment algorithm for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). In previous randomized studies that compared open carpal tunnel release and local steroid injections (LSIs), the two most used nonconservative treatments, conflicting results were found.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to compare the efficacies of surgery and LSI in the treatment of CTS.

Subjects and Methods:
A randomized, controlled clinical trial was conducted with 80 patients who were clinically diagnosed as having idiopathic CTS. The requirements for enrollment were awakening from sleep due to nocturnal paresthesia and a diagnosis to be confirmed through electrodiagnostic tests. Patients were randomly assigned to the surgery and the steroid groups. Assessments were performed at baseline and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after initial treatment. The primary outcome measure was the improvement of awakening from sleep.

Results:
A total of 80 patients were enrolled in the study. Thirty-six patients were assigned to the surgery group and 44 to the steroid group. None of our patients were lost to follow-up. Fourteen out of the 44 patients in the steroid group and all 36 patients in the surgery group had a successful outcome at the 12-month assessment. Success rates in the steroid group at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months were 77.3%, 61.4%, 45.5%, and 31.8%, respectively. When the injection group was evaluated separately, LSI was found more successful in mild cases and unilateral cases.

Conclusion:
Surgery should be chosen for the treatment of moderate-to-severe idiopathic CTS, but LSI may be used for mild cases. The historical-objective scale may predict which patient will benefit from which treatment.
High-dose Steroids Versus Standard Treatment for Myasthenic Crisis
Authors: Figuera Rabor Jovann Frederick , Cañete Maria Teresa A. , Agunias Jhaphet Cleofas 
Published: July 2023

Background:Previous literature revealed the possible benefit of high-dose steroids in myasthenic crises. Steroids are more economical than standard therapy, especially in resource-poor settings. More data are therefore needed about the utility of steroids for the myasthenic crisis.Objective:The outcomes were compared between standard therapy (intravenous immunoglobulin [IVIg] or plasmapheresis [PLEX]) and high-dose steroid (intravenous methylprednisolone) for the myasthenic crisis. The primary outcome was the length of hospital stay. The secondary outcomes were the length of intubation, intensive care unit stay, readmission rate due to crisis, posttreatment muscle score, and mortality.Methodology:This study was a single-center, longitudinal, 12-year retrospective study. Sixty-five patients were analyzed. A comparison of means was made between the outcomes of the two groups. Regression analysis was done for hospital stay and intubation outcomes. Side effects of treatment were determined.Results:Shorter hospital stay (P= 0.001), shorter intubation length (P= 0.000), and shorter intensive care (P= 0.000) were observed in the steroid group. Mortality (P= 0.187) and muscle score (P= 0.281) were comparable between the two groups. There was a trend toward lesser readmission (P= 0.097) and longer time to readmission (P= 0.069) in the standard therapy group. The IVIg group had arrhythmias, hypotension, headache, renal impairment, and hypomagnesemia. The PLEX group had hypotension and lower limb pain. The steroid group had hyperglycemia, insomnia, infection, stomach upset, facial flushing, myopathy, and sudden death. No acute worsening of the myasthenia crisis was seen in all patients in the steroid arm.Conclusion:Data on hospital stay, intensive care days, and intubation length were better with high-dose steroids. Mortality and motor outcomes were comparable between the two groups. Readmission rates due to crisis were lower in the standard therapy group.
Investigation of miR-146a Expression Profiles in Fecal Samples of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis for Early Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Unlu Havva Tezcan , Saridas Furkan , Taskapilioglu Ozlem , Cecener Gulsah , Egeli Unal , Turan Omer Faruk , Tunca Berrin , Zarifoglu Mehmet 
Published: July 2023

Introduction:
Recent research into multiple sclerosis (MS) has focused on the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the development of the disease. This study was designed to analyze miR-146a expression in whole blood and fecal samples of patients with MS. The study aimed to analyze clinical data using the miR-146a expression values obtained.

Subjects and Methods:
This study included patients with relapsing–remitting MS (RRMS) (n = 53), clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) (n = 15), and healthy controls (n = 26). Total RNA was isolated from the participants' whole blood and fecal samples. RNA extraction was performed using QIAamp RNA Blood Mini Kits for blood samples and RNeasy PowerMicrobiome Kits for feces. miR-146a expressions were studied using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Finally, relative expression was correlated with clinicopathologic factors.

Results:
MiR-146a expression was significantly decreased in the whole blood (P < 0.001) and fecal samples (P = 0.036) of patients with RRMS. There was no significant difference in the miR-146a expression rate between patients with CIS and controls. Moreover, the miR-146a expression level in patients with RRMS was decreased compared with those with CIS (P < 0.001). A significant association was determined between miR-146a expression and sex in blood samples. When sex stratification was applied to expression values obtained from fecal samples, miR-146a expression was downregulated only in females (P = 0.008).

Discussion:
miRNAs play an essential role in maintaining the stable course of MS, and this process has some sex-specific differences. Expression of fecal miR-146a may be used as a biomarker to diagnose and predict prognosis in patients with RRMS.
The Liverpool Adverse Drug Events Profile (LAEP)
Authors: Dibek Dilara Mermi , Kılıç Bülent , Oztura Ibrahim , Baklan Barıs 
Published: July 2023

Aim:Adverse effects should be questioned in outpatient clinics during routine visits. However, physicians have not yet had a questionnaire in Turkish for patients who take antiseizure medications (ASMs). The Liverpool Adverse Drug Events Profile “LAEP” was created to follow up on possible adverse effects of ASMs in different languages. This study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of LAEP for the Turkish-speaking population.Method:First, permission was requested from the authors of the original questionnaire. After that, English-Turkish and re-translations were made by two independent people, respectively. Finally, the questionnaire was administered to 10 people as a pilot study, and the final version was decided. Patients who were followed up at the epilepsy outpatient clinic of xxx Hospital and who had not changed antiseizure medications dosage for at least 3 months were included in the study. Cronbach's α and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) coefficients were calculated for internal consistency. A consistency study was performed by applying the scale to the same patient group with an interval of 2 weeks. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed for validity analyses using the questionnaire, which was divided into three subdimensions, neurologic, psychiatric, and other system adverse effects.Results:Thirty-seven [male: 16 (43.2%) and female: 21 (56.8%)] patients were included for test-retest analysis. Consistency measurements (ICCs) were performed, and high correlations of ICC >0.70 were obtained for all items. The questionnaire was administered to 168 [male: 64 (38.1%) and female: 104 (61.9%)] patients for validity by factor analysis and reliability by Cronbach's α correlation. Three dimensions were obtained in factor analysis, classified as nervous system-related, psychiatric-related, and other system-related. The Cronbach α values were found as 0.804, 0.828, and 0.484, respectively.Conclusion:The LAEP-TR scale can be used in outpatient clinics on patients who use ASMs.
How Marketing Communication Affect Consumer Purchase Intention in Social Media Context (Case Study: MSMEs Business in Indonesia)
Authors: Iswati Heni , Al 'Mudatsir Muhammad Iqbal , Brabo Nora Andira , Meidiyustiani Rinny 
Published: July 2023

The rapid development of the internet has driven changes in marketing communication strategies, from communication through traditional mass media to using communication on the internet that utilizes social media. Marketing communication through social media can help micro, small and medium-sized businesses introduce their brands and products to consumers at a lower cost than through traditional media. The study aims to find out the influence of social media communication forms on brand equity, brand attitudes and consumer purchase intentions built from Consumer Decision Model. This study focus on selected UMKM (Micro, small and medium enterprises-MSMEs) brands in area of food and beverages which business are relatively new to the market and have lower than 5000 followers in social media Instagram. Total number of 102 respondents are selected for online survey by convenience sampling method and a structural equation model (PLS-SEM) with Smart PLS software use as an analysis tool for limited data. The results of this study showed that firm created communication had a positive and significant effect on brand equity but had no significant effect on brand attitudes. User generated communication has a positive and significant effect on brand equity and brand attitudes. Brand attitudes have a positive and significant effect on brand equity. Brand attitudes have a positive and significant influence on consumer purchase intention. Brand equity has a positive and significant effect on purchase intention. Implications and limitations are discussed further.
GDR Atomic Bean Industry Development Strategy In Nagari Panyalaian, X Koto District Tanah Datar Regency
Authors: Dahlia Fitri , Khaidir Afriva 
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study is to find out how the GDR atomic bean industry and its development strategy. This research method begins with a qualitative picture and then is supported by SWOT analysis techniques. Sampling using purposive sampling technique. The results of this study found that. The strength in the development of the GDR atomic bean industry is strong branding, consistency of taste, consistency of prices, clear work system, family work culture and permission from the health office. Weaknesses in processing goods still using human resources so that they still depend on humans and have not focused on developing marketing aspects. The opportunity in the development of the GDR atomic bean industry is that there is no rival to the atomic bean industry in West Sumatra, thus accelerating business development to other regions and with high-quality product quality and at affordable prices can compete with other competitors. The threat in the GDR atomic bean industry is the existence of competitors of other brands of atomic beans and the decline in public buying interest at certain times
Algoritmo de Aprendizagem Automática na Classificação de Radiografia ao Tórax em Incidência frontal como “normais” ou “patológicos”
Authors: Cidade de Moura Ivone , Mesquita Luís , Teresa Ribeiro Ricardo 
Published: July 2023

A crescente procura de exames radiológicos pressiona os serviços de imagiologia que enfrentam desafios devido à escassez de radiologistas, exigindo uma interpretação mais rápida com um maior potencial de erro. Em paralelo, as técnicas de radiomics e inteligência artificial (IA) têm-se verificado ferramentas importantes no campo da radiologia, revolucionando a própria prática clínica. Através destas técnicas, este artigo desenvolveu um classificador de deteção de patologia para radiografias do tórax, da base-de dados pública ChestXray14, com o objetivo de realçar o papel crucial que a compreensão das técnicas de radiomics e IA na profissão do técnico de radiologista.
Foram analisadas 1662 radiografias (50% com patologia) ao tórax, tendo sido aplicadas duas estratégias para seleção de 5 características radiomics: (i) análise de componentes principais (PCA) e (ii) “information gain ratio” (Rank), utilizando o software Orange. Com o método PCA, com redução para 5 componentes e 73% de variância explicada, o melhor classificador foi o Neural Network, com 0,987 de Area Under the Curve (AUC). No Information Gain Ratio também o Neural Network foi o melhor classificador com 0,972 AUC, na qual se verificou uma sensibilidade de 97,8%, especificidade de 92,9% e precisão de 93%.
Ao utilizar técnicas de IA e tirar partido de um grande conjunto de dados, o nosso estudo demonstra a viabilidade da utilização de classificadores automáticos para ajudar na interpretação de radiografias ao tórax, indicando o seu potencial como uma ferramenta valiosa na triagem, priorização de exames, e otimização no fluxo de trabalho nos departamentos de radiologia.