bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between authentic leadership and workplace loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic: the mediating role of interactional justice
Authors: Cenkci Ada T. , Bircan Tuba 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
Based on the social penetration theory and affect theory of social exchange, this study aims to examine the relationship between authentic leadership (AL) and workplace loneliness (WL), as well as the mediating effect of interactional justice (IJ) on this relationship during the COVID-19 pandemic in the US higher education sector.

Design/methodology/approach
An online, self-administrated questionnaire was distributed to full-time employees working at higher education institutions in the USA. A total of 464 employees participated in the survey, with structural equation modeling being used to analyze the data.

Findings
The outcomes provide evidence that AL is positively related to IJ, whereas the latter is negatively associated with WL. Moreover, IJ fully mediates the relationship between AL and WL. Overall, the findings underline the importance of IJ in affecting employee WL.

Practical implications
The outcomes provide valuable insights for higher education leaders and HR professionals in reducing employee WL. In particular to this end, it is recommended that organizations focus on improving employee IJ and AL perceptions. Furthermore, higher education organizations need to select and promote leaders who exhibit IJ behaviors and AL characteristics. In addition, organizations could offer IJ and AL training to their current leaders.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the limited literature on WL by offering a unique research model that examines IJ as a mediating variable between AL and WL. In addition, it adds to the literature by investigating WL in the context of US higher education sector, which is an understudied area in this research context.
Transition to organic farming negatively affects bat activity
Authors: Fialas Penelope C. , Froidevaux Jérémy S. P. , Jones Gareth , Batáry Péter 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

The effectiveness of organic farming on biodiversity has been widely documented especially for plants, arthropods and birds; however, the effects of the transition period required to become an organic farm on wildlife remain poorly understood.

We assessed the effects of organic farming on insectivorous bats in citrus orchards in the Republic of Cyprus employing two matched designs (conventional vs. 3‐year organic‐transitional and conventional vs. organic‐certified) and a third unmatched design (3‐year organic‐transitional vs. organic‐certified). We specifically investigated whether the transition period prior to full organic certification influenced bat activity with a special focus on any moderation effects from surrounding semi‐natural areas.

The activity of three (Pipistrellus kuhlii, Hypsugo savii and Miniopterus schreibersii) of four bat species was significantly lower in farms undergoing the transitional period than in conventional farms, and P. kuhlii and H. savii were significantly less active in organic transitional farming systems that in organic‐certified ones. Furthermore, the activity of the most dominant species (P. kuhlii) was significantly higher on organic than transitional and conventional citrus orchards, thus suggesting a time‐lag effect. Landscape complexity measured as the amount of semi‐natural areas did not moderate the effects of farming system for any study species.

Synthesis and application. The transition to organic farming had persistent detrimental effects on bats and potentially on the pest suppression services they provide. Future agri‐environmental policy should consider the transition period and implement measures to mitigate any negative effects on biodiversity, alongside promoting asynchronous transition of nearby farms. Our findings further highlight the crucial need to consider the time since transition to organic farming when assessing potential benefits of organic management on biodiversity.
COVID‐19 symptoms and antibody positivity among unvaccinated pregnant women: An observational study in seven countries from the Global Network
Authors: Kavi Avinash , Goudar Shivaprasad S. , Somannavar Manjunath S. , Moore Janet L. , Derman Richard J. , Saleem Sarah , Naqvi Seemab , Billah Sk Masum , Haque Rashidul , Figueroa Lester , Mazariegos Manolo , Lokangaka Adrien , Tshefu Antoinette , Esamai Fabian , Mwenechanya Musaku , Chomba Elwyn , Patel Archana , Das Prabirkumar , Bauserman Melissa , Petri William A. , Krebs Nancy F. , Carlo Waldemar A. , Bucher Sherri , Hibberd Patricia L. , Koso‐Thomas Marion , McClure Elizabeth M. , Goldenberg Robert L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the relation of COVID‐19 symptoms to COVID‐19 antibody positivity among unvaccinated pregnant women in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMIC).DesignCOVID‐19 infection status measured by antibody positivity at delivery was compared with the symptoms of COVID‐19 in the current pregnancy in a prospective, observational cohort study in seven LMICs.SettingThe study was conducted among women in the Global Network for Women's and Children's Health's Maternal and Newborn Health Registry (MNHR), a prospective, population‐based study in Kenya, Zambia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Bangladesh, Pakistan, India (Belagavi and Nagpur sites) and Guatemala.PopulationPregnant women enrolled in the ongoing pregnancy registry at study sites.MethodsData on COVID‐19 symptoms during the current pregnancy were collected by trained staff between October 2020 and June 2022. COVID‐19 antibody testing was performed on samples collected at delivery. The relation between COVID‐19 antibody positivity and symptoms was assessed using generalised linear models with a binomial distribution adjusting for site and symptoms.Main outcome measuresCOVID‐19 antibody status and symptoms of COVID‐19 among pregnant women.ResultsAmong 19 218 non‐vaccinated pregnant women who were evaluated, 14.1% of antibody‐positive women had one or more symptoms compared with 13.4% in antibody‐negative women. Overall, 85.3% of antibody‐positive women reported no COVID‐19 symptoms during the present pregnancy. Reported fever was significantly associated with antibody status (relative risk [RR] 1.10, 95% CI 1.03–11.18; P = 0.008). A multiple variable model adjusting for site and all eight symptoms during pregnancy showed similar results (RR 1.13, 95% CI 1.04–1.23; P = 0.012). None of the other symptoms was significantly related to antibody positivity.ConclusionsIn a population‐based cohort in LMICs, unvaccinated pregnant women who were antibody‐positive had slightly more symptoms during their pregnancy and a small but significantly greater increase in fever. However, for prevalence studies, evaluating COVID‐19‐related symptoms does not appear to be useful in differentiating pregnant women who have had a COVID‐19 infection.
The wolf spider Pardosa milvina varies silk deposition in response to self and same‐sex conspecific silk
Authors: O'Donovan Michael , Persons Matthew H. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSilk is an important communication medium for spiders with roles in species recognition, sex identification, and mating status assessment. Spiders may benefit by discriminating between their own or another same‐sex conspecific's silk. Silk‐mediated self‐recognition could allow spiders to identify areas that they have previously visited, competitively block silk advertisements from sexual rivals or minimize redundant signaling in an area. Silk deposition behavior may also be contingent upon silk cues detected from same‐sex conspecifics. We tested if males and females of the wolf spider Pardosa milvina show different silk deposition patterns when encountering their own silk versus the silk of another spider of the same sex. Using a within‐between‐subjects design, we quantified male and female deposition of three silk types: draglines, cord silk, and attachment disks on substrates containing either their own silk or the silk of an adult same‐sex conspecific (N = 23 males, 28 females). Both males and females significantly increased dragline and cord silk deposition on substrates containing conspecific rather than their own silk with males producing more cord silk than females. Males significantly increased attachment disk deposition on conspecific male silk compared to their own while females showed the opposite response, decreasing attachment disk deposition on conspecific female silk. Both male and female P. milvina can recognize their own silk, but we found significant qualitative and quantitative sex differences in silk deposition suggesting sex‐specific functions for attachment disks compared to cord or dragline silk.
Protein–Protein Interfaces as Druggable Targets: A Common Motif of the Pyridoxal-5′-Phosphate-Dependent Enzymes to Receive the Coenzyme from Its Producers
Authors: Aleshin Vasily A. , Bunik Victoria I. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Pyridoxal-5′-phosphate (PLP), a phosphorylated form of vitamin B6, acts as a coenzyme for numerous reactions, including those changed in cancer and/or associated with the disease prognosis. Since highly reactive PLP can modify cellular proteins, it is hypothesized to be directly transferred from its donors to acceptors. Our goal is to validate the hypothesis by finding common motif(s) in the multitude of PLP-dependent enzymes for binding the limited number of PLP donors, namely pyridoxal kinase (PdxK), pyridox(am)in-5′-phosphate oxidase (PNPO), and PLP-binding protein (PLPBP). Experimentally confirmed interactions between the PLP donors and acceptors reveal that PdxK and PNPO interact with the most abundant PLP acceptors belonging to structural folds I and II, while PLPBP – with those belonging to folds III and V. Aligning sequences and 3D structures of the identified interactors of PdxK and PNPO, we have identified a common motif in the PLP-dependent enzymes of folds I and II. The motif extends from the enzyme surface to the neighborhood of the PLP binding site, represented by an exposed alfa-helix, a partially buried beta-strand, and residual loops. Pathogenicity of mutations in the human PLP-dependent enzymes within or in the vicinity of the motif, but outside of the active sites, supports functional significance of the motif that may provide an interface for the direct transfer of PLP from the sites of its synthesis to those of coenzyme binding. The enzyme-specific amino acid residues of the common motif may be useful to develop selective inhibitors blocking PLP delivery to the PLP-dependent enzymes critical for proliferation of malignant cells.
The February 6, 2023, Earthquakes in Turkey: A Model of the Rupture Surface Based on Satellite Radar Interferometry
Authors: Mikhailov V. O. , Babayantz I. P. , Volkova M. S. , Timoshkina E. P. , Smirnov V. B. , Tikhotskiy S. A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Two strike–slip faults, displacements along which caused the catastrophic earthquakes in Turkey on February 6, 2023, were mapped from satellite radar interferometry data. According to the satellite data, the relative displacements of the sides of the East Anatolian Fault Zone (EAFZ), with which the first event of Mw 7.8 was associated, exceeded 5 m in the central segment. The rupture surface extends from the area of the Doğanyol-Sivris earthquake Mw 6.7 of January 24, 2020, in the north to the Mediterranean coast in the south, where the earthquake Mw 6.3 occurred on February 20, 2023. The second event Mw 7.5 is associated with the Surgü-Çardak fault; the relative displacements of its sides, according to satellite data, exceeded 7 m. The obtained displacement fields of the Earth’s surface were used to construct a model of the seismic rupture. This model was worked out on the basis of the Pollitz, 1996 solution, which defines displacements on the surface of the spherically stratified planet as a result of along dip and strike displacements on a rectangular rupture located inside the sphere. Ignoring the spherical stratification of the planet leads to errors of up to 20%, especially in the presence of a large strike–slip component [5]. Ignoring sphericity also causes an error, when using the solution obtained for an elastic homogeneous half-space, as the US Geological Survey (USGS) has done, in modeling the seismic rupture for earthquakes in Turkey in 2023. Our model differs in the detailed consideration of the fault geometry. For this purpose, the faults were approximated by 19 planes along the strike, divided into two levels along the dip. In our rupture model strike–slip displacements in the central segment of the EAFZ reached 12.7 m. In the southern segment of this rupture, the displacements are much smaller. It should be emphasized that we registered the displacements for the period from January 29, 2023, to February 10, 2023; therefore, together with co-seismic ones, they also include post-seismic displacements for four days after the main seismic events. The displacements on the rupture surface along the Surgü-Çardak Fault, where the Mw 7.5 earthquake occurred, were up to 10 m. The results demonstrate, in particular, the efficiency of application of the satellite radar interferometry in the operative study of catastrophic geodynamic phenomena and processes.
Dendrogram of transparent feature importance machine learning statistics to classify associations for heart failure: A reanalysis of a retrospective cohort study of the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC-III) database
Authors: Huang Alexander A. , Huang Samuel Y. 
Published: July 2023

Background
There is a continual push for developing accurate predictors for Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admitted heart failure (HF) patients and in-hospital mortality.

Objective
The study aimed to utilize transparent machine learning and create hierarchical clustering of key predictors based off of model importance statistics gain, cover, and frequency.

Methods
Inclusion criteria of complete patient information for in-hospital mortality in the ICU with HF from the MIMIC-III database were randomly divided into a training (n = 941, 80%) and test (n = 235, 20%). A grid search was set to find hyperparameters. Machine Learning with XGBoost were used to predict mortality followed by feature importance with Shapely Additive Explanations (SHAP) and hierarchical clustering of model metrics with a dendrogram and heat map.

Results
Of the 1,176 heart failure ICU patients that met inclusion criteria for the study, 558 (47.5%) were males. The mean age was 74.05 (SD = 12.85). XGBoost model had an area under the receiver operator curve of 0.662. The highest overall SHAP explanations were urine output, leukocytes, bicarbonate, and platelets. Average urine output was 1899.28 (SD = 1272.36) mL/day with the hospital mortality group having 1345.97 (SD = 1136.58) mL/day and the group without hospital mortality having 1986.91 (SD = 1271.16) mL/day. The average leukocyte count in the cohort was 10.72 (SD = 5.23) cells per microliter. For the hospital mortality group the leukocyte count was 13.47 (SD = 7.42) cells per microliter and for the group without hospital mortality the leukocyte count was 10.28 (SD = 4.66) cells per microliter. The average bicarbonate value was 26.91 (SD = 5.17) mEq/L. Amongst the group with hospital mortality the average bicarbonate value was 24.00 (SD = 5.42) mEq/L. Amongst the group without hospital mortality the average bicarbonate value was 27.37 (SD = 4.98) mEq/L. The average platelet value was 241.52 platelets per microliter. For the group with hospital mortality the average platelet value was 216.21 platelets per microliter. For the group without hospital mortality the average platelet value was 245.47 platelets per microliter. Cluster 1 of the dendrogram grouped the temperature, platelets, urine output, Saturation of partial pressure of Oxygen (SPO2), Leukocyte count, lymphocyte count, bicarbonate, anion gap, respiratory rate, PCO2, BMI, and age as most similar in having the highest aggregate gain, cover, and frequency metrics.

Conclusion
Machine Learning models that incorporate dendrograms and heat maps can offer additional summaries of model statistics in differentiating factors between in patient ICU mortality in heart failure patients.
In vitro characterization of the phage lysis protein MS2-L
Authors: Mezhyrova Julija , Martin Janosch , Börnsen Clara , Dötsch Volker , Frangakis Achilleas Stefanos , Morgner Nina , Bernhard Frank 
Published: July 2023

Background: The peptide MS2-L represents toxins of the ssRNA Leviviridae phage family and consists of a predicted N-terminal soluble domain followed by a transmembrane domain. MS2-L mediates bacterial cell lysis through the formation of large lesions in the cell envelope, but further details of this mechanism as a prerequisite for applied bioengineering studies are lacking. The chaperone DnaJ is proposed to modulate MS2-L activity, whereas other cellular targets of MS2-L are unknown.
Methods: Here, we provide a combined in vitro and in vivo overexpression approach to reveal molecular insights into MS2-L action and its interaction with DnaJ. Full-length MS2-L and truncated derivatives were synthesized cell-free and co-translationally inserted into nanodiscs or solubilized in detergent micelles. By native liquid bead ion desorption mass spectrometry, we demonstrate that MS2-L assembles into high oligomeric states after membrane insertion.
Results: Oligomerization is directed by the transmembrane domain and is impaired in detergent environments. Studies with truncated MS2-L derivatives provide evidence that the soluble domain acts as a modulator of oligomer formation. DnaJ strongly interacts with MS2-L in membranes as well as in detergent environments. However, this interaction affects neither the MS2-L membrane insertion efficiency nor its oligomerization in nanodisc membranes. In accordance with the in vitro data, the assembly of MS2-L derivatives into large membrane located clusters was monitored by overexpression of corresponding fusions with fluorescent monitors in E. coli cells. Analysis by cryo-electron microscopy indicates that lesion formation is initiated in the outer membrane, followed by disruption of the peptidoglycan layer and disintegration of the inner membrane.
Conclusion: MS2-L forms oligomeric complexes similar to the related phage toxin ΦX174-E. The oligomeric interface of both peptides is located within their transmembrane domains. We propose a potential function of the higher-order assembly of small phage toxins in membrane disintegration and cell lysis.
A modified shuffled frog leaping algorithm with inertia weight
Authors: Zhao Zhuanzhe , Wang Mengxian , Liu Yongming , Chen Yu , He Kang , Liu Zhibo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The shuffled frog leaping algorithm (SFLA) is a promising metaheuristic bionics algorithm, which has been designed by the shuffled complex evolution (SCE) and the particle swarm optimization (PSO) framework. But it is easily trapped into local optimum and has the low optimization accuracy when it is used to optimize the complex engineering problems. To overcome the short-comings, a novel modified shuffled frog leaping algorithm (MSFLA) with inertia weight is proposed in this paper. To extend the scope of the direction and length of the updated worst frog (vector) of the original SFLA, the inertia weight α was introduced and its meaning and range of the new parameters are fully explained. Then the convergence of the MSFLA is deeply analyzed and proved theoretically by a new dynamic equation formed by Z-transform. Finally, we have compared the solution of 7 benchmark function with the original SFLA, other improved SFLAs, genetic algorithm (GA), PSO, artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm, and the grasshopper optimization algorithm with invasive weed optimization (IWGOA). The testing results showed that the modified algorithms can effectively improve the solution accuracies and convergence properties, exhibited an excellent ability of global optimization in high-dimensional space and complex function problems.
Undergraduate Students Sugar Dating in the US Demonstrate Increased Financial Need and a History of Several Adverse Childhood Experiences
Authors: Patel Grishma , Torresan Mirella , Eng Shirley , Acero Nicole , Chessky Anna , Ades Veronica 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We examined the prevalence of sugar dating among undergraduate students, elucidating the logistics of such relationships, and assessing the demographics and motivations of sugar babies. From October 2019 to May 2020, a cross-sectional, online survey asked 1582 undergraduate students in an urban, private university in the United States about their sugar dating experiences, substance use history, and childhood traumas. We found prevalence of sugar dating to be 5.2%. Sugar babies are 2 to 5 times more likely to have experienced any form of childhood trauma defined by the 10 item ACE questionnaire. Sugar babies are more likely to have loans, scholarships, a Federal Pell grant, and work-study. Many sugar babies have experienced vulnerabilities (financial need, childhood traumas) that could put them at increased risk of exploitation by sugar sponsors. Future studies should explore the dynamics of sugar relationships among undergraduate students and the risks accompanying these relationships.
Assessment of the Ameliorative and Antihyperglycemic Effects of Fractions of Ipomoea aquatica in Male Rats with Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes
Authors: Gad Mahmoud Hefny , Al-Seeni Mohamed AbdulbAST , El-Sawi Nagwa Mohammed , Abbas Asmaa , Mahrous Ayat Medhat , Habib Tito Naeem 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the potential ameliorative and antihyperglycemic effects of two fractions ofIpomoea aquaticaon liver functions in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic male rats. Eighteen adult male albino rats were divided into three groups: control,STZ + 200 mg/kgIA6-1(dichloromethane-ethyl acetate fraction), andSTZ + 200 mg/kgIA9-2(ethyl acetate-methanol fraction).In vitro, antiproliferative activity against liver cancer cell lines (HepG2) was examined. Additionally, the plasma protein profile ofSTZ-induced diabetic rats was investigated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Results showed a significant increase in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aspartate aminotransaminase (AST) in both treated groups compared to the control, whereas there was no significant difference between groups in the serum levels of alanine aminotransaminase (ALT), total protein, and albumin. Thein vivototal antioxidant capacity (TAC) showed a significant increase in both treated groups compared to the control, indicating thatI. aquaticamay enhance the antioxidant defense system of the liver, which could help protect the liver from oxidative stress-induced damage. The profile of C-reactive protein (C-RP) (28.3 kDa) and apelin (16 kDa) inSTZrats showed a higher intensity compared to the control group and both treated groups. These proteins may play a role in regulating inflammation and oxidative stress in the liver, which are important mechanisms in the pathogenesis of liver diseases. Moreover, theIA6-1fraction had a more potent antiproliferative effect on liver cancer HepG2cell lines compared to theIA9-2fraction. This suggests that the plant may have a protective effect against liver damage caused by cancer cells. Overall, these findings highlight the potential therapeutic applications ofI. aquaticafor the treatment of liver diseases, particularly those associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. However, further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms underlying the plant's beneficial effects on liver function and to determine optimal dosages and treatment durations for humans. Additionally, clinical trials will be necessary to confirm the safety and efficacy ofI. aquaticaas a therapeutic agent for liver diseases in humans.