bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DKK1, a negative regulator of Wnt signaling, is a novel inducer of neuroblastoma differentiation
Authors: Krishna Shubham , Prajapati Bharat , Seth Pankaj , Sinha Subrata 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to analyze the role of Dickopff1 [DKK1] as a potential differentiating agent for the neuroblastoma cell line SHSY5Y and neurospheres derived from it.Materials and MethodsSHSY5Y neurospheres were formed from undifferentiated adherent cultures. The cellular properties and gene expression were used to study the effect of DKK1 on SHSY5Y-formed neurospheres. Its effect on SHSY5Y neuronal differentiation was also studied.ResultsSHSY5Y adherent undifferentiated cells were grown as neurospheres. Treatment of neurospheres resulted in their fragmentation. It also resulted in reduced mRNA expression of markers of cancer stem cells, pluripotency, and proliferation [p≤0.05]. DKK1 treatment also resulted in reduced mRNA expression of β-catenin and TCF genes. There was significantly higher expression of neuronal differentiation genes in SHSY5Y adherent cells grown in complete DMEM media containing DKK1 as compared to cells grown without DKK1. We also found DKK1 synergized with retinoic acid-induced differentiation of neuroblastoma cells.ConclusionDKK1 was able to convincingly abrogate neurosphere formation and promote neuronal differentiation of SHSY5Y cells, including synergy with retinoic acid. This was accompanied by corresponding changes in mRNA markers of cancer stem cells, pluripotency and proliferation. These results may have implications for neuroblastoma stemness and differentiation.
Immune experience at time of circulation and time since virus circulation are predictors of HAI titre
Authors: Gibson Joseph C. , de Jong Simon P. J. , Russell Colin A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNearly everyone is infected with seasonal influenza viruses multiple times over the course of their lives due to the antigenic evolution of the virus to escape immunity induced by prior infections and vaccinations. Because antibody escape is usually partial, the antibody response to new infections depends on prior responses which wane and are boosted throughout life. We used serum antibody binding measurements of 864 individuals against a range of historical A/H3N2 viruses collected in previous studies in combination with statistical models to investigate how metrics of age and strain heterogeneities affect haemagglutination inhibition titres. We refine prior modelling of antigenic seniority by characterising immune experience as years of life since a (sub)type’s emergence at time of strain circulation, rather than age at time of circulation. Using Bayesian statistical modeling, we show that this variable, combined with time since circulation of the variant and an individual’s age at circulation, yields the best model fit. Based on the best-fit model, we devised a novel parametric model, and use it to demonstrate and estimate how effects of antigenic seniority, individual age, strain age and strain effects act in concert to shape an individual’s HAI titre.
International perspective on physician knowledge, attitude and practices related to medical cannabis
Authors: Syed Shariful A. , Singh Jatinder , Elkholy Hussien , Rojnic Palavra Irena , Tomicevic Marko , Petek Eric Anamarija , Pinto da Costa Mariana , Guloksuz Sinan , Radhakrishnan Rajiv 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe trends of recreational use of cannabis and use of cannabis for medical indications (i.e. “medical cannabis”) have grown in recent years. Despite that, there is still limited scientific evidence to guide clinical decision-making and the strength of evidence for the medical use of cannabis is currently considered to be low. In contrast, there’s growing evidence for negative health outcomes related to use of cannabis. In this rapidly shifting landscape, the role of physician’s attitudes regarding the therapeutic value of cannabis has become essential. This study aimed to characterize knowledge/experience, attitudes, and potential predictors of clinical practice regarding medical cannabis.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey of physicians from 17 countries between 2016-2018. The survey comprised of 28 questions designed to explore physician knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding the use of medical cannabis. Descriptive statistics were used to examine willingness to recommend medical cannabis for medical and psychiatric indications, followed by regression analysis to identify predictors of physician willingness to recommend medical cannabis.ResultsA total of 323 physicians responded to the survey. Mean age was 35.4± 9.5 years, with 10.04 ±8.6 years of clinical experience. 53 percent of physicians were women. Clinical experience with medical cannabis was overall limited (51.4% noted never having recommended medical cannabis; 33% noted inadequate knowledge regarding medical cannabis). Overall willingness to recommend medical cannabis was highest for chemotherapy-induced nausea, refractory chronic neuropathic pain, and spasticity in amyotropic lateral sclerosis (ALS).ConclusionThis international study examining knowledge, attitudes and practices related to medical cannabis among physicians revealed that there are significant gaps in domain-specific knowledge related to medical cannabis. There is wide variability in willingness to recommend medical cannabis that is not consistent with the current strength of evidence. This study thus highlights the need for greater education related to domain-specific knowledge about medical cannabis.
Chronic Shedding of a SARS-CoV-2 Alpha Variant Lineage Q.3/Q.4 in Wastewater
Authors: Conway Michael J. , Yang Hannah , Revord Lauren A. , Ward Avery S. , Abel Jackson D. , Williams Maggie R. , Uzarski Rebecca L. , Alm Elizabeth W. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCentral Michigan University (CMU) participated in a state-wide SARS-CoV-2 wastewater monitoring program since 2021. Wastewater samples were collected from on-campus sites and nine off-campus wastewater treatment plants servicing small metropolitan and rural communities. SARS-CoV-2 genome copies were quantified using droplet digital PCR and results were reported to the health department. One rural, off-campus site consistently produced higher concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 genome copies. Samples from this site were sequenced and initially contained predominately Alpha variant lineage Q.3, which transitioned to lineage Q.4. Alpha variant lineage Q.3/Q.4 was detected at this site beginning in fall 2021 and continued until summer 2023. Mutational analysis of reconstructed genes revealed divergence from the Alpha variant lineage Q.3 clinical sequence over time, including numerous mutations in the surface glycoprotein RBD and NTD. We discuss the possibility that a chronic SARS-CoV-2 infection accumulated adaptive mutations that promoted long-term infection. This study reveals that small wastewater treatment plants can enhance resolution of rare events and facilitate reconstruction of viral genomes due to the relative lack of contaminating sequences.
Detection ofMycobacterium tuberculosistransrenal DNA in urine samples among adult patients in Peru
Authors: Mesman Annelies W , Calderon Roger I , Hauns Laura , Pollock Nira R , Mendoza Milagros , Holmberg Rebecca C , Franke Molly F 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDiagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) relies on a sputum sample, which cannot be obtained from all symptomatic patients.Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)transrenal DNA (trDNA) has been detected in urine, an easily obtainable, noninvasive, alternative sample type. However, reported sensitivities have been variable and likely depend on collection/assay procedures and aspects of trDNA biology. We analyzed three serial urine samples from each of 75 adults with culture-confirmed pulmonary TB disease in Lima, Peru for detection of trDNA using short-fragment real-time PCR. Additionally, we examined host, urine, and sampling factors associated with detection. Overall sample sensitivity was 38% (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 30–45%). On a patient level (i.e., any of three samples positive), sensitivity was 73% (95% CI: 62-83%). Sensitivity was highest among samples from patients with smear-positive TB, 92% (95% CI: 62-100%). Specificity from a single sample from each of 10 healthy controls was 100% (95% CI: 69-100%). Adjusting our assay positivity threshold increased patient-level sensitivity to 88% (95% CI: 78-94%) overall without affecting the specificity. We did not find associations betweenMtbtrDNA detection and either patient characteristics or urine sample characteristics. Overall, our results support the potential of trDNA detection for TB diagnosis.
Self-reported reactions to the front-of-package warning labelling in Mexico among parents of school-aged children
Authors: Batis Carolina , Aburto Tania C. , Pedraza Lilia S. , Angulo Erick , Hernández Zugey , Jáuregui Alejandra , Taillie Lindsey Smith , Rivera Juan A. , Barquera Simón 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundTo improve the food environment and guide consumers to select healthier foods, the implementation of a front of package warning labelling (FOPWL) started in Mexico in October 2020. We aimed to identify the self-reported support, understanding, use and perceived impact of the FOPWL 1-5 months after its implementation among parents of school-aged children across socioeconomic categories and nutrition knowledge and attitudes.MethodsEPHA-niñ@s is a national web-based cohort of Mexican children 5-10 y and one of their parents aiming to monitor their food and food policy perception and opinions and children’s dietary intake. Recruitment was conducted primarily through paid advertisements on social media. Data was collected online with a self-administered questionnaire answered by the parent and an interviewer-administered questionnaire answered by the child during a video call. This analysis was conducted with data from the parent’s questionnaire from the first wave of data collection (November 2020-March 2021) which included 2,071 participants from all over the country. We evaluated differences by socioeconomic status (SES), education and nutrition knowledge and consciousness, while adjusting by other sociodemographic characteristics using multinomial logistic regression.ResultsThe sample was predominantly from middle and high socioeconomic status (SES). Most parents (85%) agree/strongly agree with the FOPWL (support), 86% correctly identified that a product with one warning is healthier than a product with three (understanding), 65% compared the number of warnings sometimes to very often (use), and 63% reported buying less and 25% stopped buying products with warnings for their children (perceived impact). The perceived impact was higher when products were for their children than for themselves. Perceived impact also differed by food group, being higher for sodas, juices, and cereal bars and lower for chips and chocolate powder. Responses were more favorable for five-six questions (out of seven) among those with higher nutrition knowledge, and higher nutrition consciousness, and for three questions among those with higher education level.ConclusionWithin six months of implementation, the immediate self-reported responses related to support, understanding, use, and perceived impact to the Mexican FOPWL were favorable. Further studies in other populations including low SES participants and impact evaluations, are needed.
Patient-derived organoids assist personalized treatment for a patient with multiple metastatic neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix
Authors: Liu Ruimei , Gao Xinyu , Yue Xiaoni , Yu Ying , Xu Zhaoting , Zhu Feng , Shi Leming , Cheng Xinghua , Lin Xinhua , Zheng Yuanting 
Published: July 2023

SUMMARYNeuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix (NECC) is a rare subtype of cervical cancer with rapid metastasis. Lack of treatment regimens for metastatic NECC highlights the need for preclinical models and personalized treatment. Here, we established two patient-derived NECC organoid lines from lung metastases from the same patient, one of which was drug-free and the other exhibited tolerance to carboplatin plus etoposide (EP). The two organoids recapitulated the histopathology and genomic spectrum of the original tumors. Whole-genome sequencing revealed genomic structural variations (SVs), including HPV16 infection, NEUROD2, and ERBB2 amplification. The sensitivity phenotype of organoids to ERBB2 inhibitors coincides with the genomic features of ERBB2 amplification. In addition, the patient after relapse responded well to the paclitaxel plus carboplatin (TC) regimen as recommended by organoid drug screening, underscoring the utility of organoids as preclinical models. We first provide two NECC organoids of lung metastases with comprehensive molecular characteristics as valuable resources for this rare cancer and give a typical application for personalized treatment based on organoids.
Macrophage inhibitor clodronate enhances liver transduction of lentiviral but not AAV vectors or mRNA lipid nanoparticlesin vivo
Authors: Touramanidou Loukia , Gurung Sonam , Cozmescu Claudiu A. , Perocheau Dany P. , Moulding Dale , Ridout Deborah , Cavedon Alex , Siddiqui Summar , Rice Lisa , Finn Patrick F. , Martini Paolo G.V. , Frassetto Andrea , Waddington Simon N. , Counsell John R. , Gissen Paul , Baruteau Julien 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRecently approved adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors for liver monogenic diseases hemophilia A and B are exemplifying the success of liver-directed viral gene therapy. In parallel, additional strategies are rapidly emerging to overcome some inherent AAV limitations, such as non-persistence of episomal transgene in rapidly growing liver and immune response. Integrating lentiviral vectors and non-viral lipid nanoparticles encapsulating mRNA (LNP-mRNA) are rapidly being developed, currently at preclinical and clinical stages respectively. Macrophages are first effector cells of the innate immune response triggered by gene therapy vectors. Macrophage uptake and activation following administration of viral gene therapy and LNPs has been reported. In this study, we assessed the biodistribution of AAV, lentiviral and LNP-mRNA gene therapy following inhibition of tissue macrophages by clodronate liposomes in neonatal and juvenile mice. Juvenile clodronate-treated mice showed significant increase of lentiviral-transduced hepatocytes, and increasing trend of transduction was shown in neonatally-injected mice. In contrast, AAV- and LNP-mRNA-treated neonatal and juvenile animals did not show significant increase of liver biodistribution following clodronate administration. These findings will have translational application for liver-targeting gene therapy programmes.
Development and experimental verification of innovative corrosion protection epoxy coatings for steel
Authors: Balachandra Anagi , Nassar Roz-Ud-Din , Soroushian Parviz 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
This study aims to report the development and experimental evaluation of three innovative corrosion-resistant modified epoxy coatings, namely, nanocomposite/toughened, self-healing and hybrid epoxy coatings, for application on steel substrates.

Design/methodology/approach
The corrosion resistance of these coatings was evaluated in a highly corrosive environment of salt fog spray for 2,500 h of exposure. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements in sustained exposure to NaCl in a saturated Ca(OH)2 solution, rust creepage measurements at the location of scribe formed in the coatings and adhesion strength test were used to assess the performance of the innovative coatings. Commercially available marine-grade protective epoxy coatings were used as the reference coatings.

Findings
The test results showed that the modified epoxy coatings exhibited excellent corrosion resistance when exposed to an aggressive environment for extended periods. The EIS measurements, rust creepage measurements, pull-off strength and visual appearance of the aged modified–epoxy–coated specimens confirmed the enhanced corrosion resistance of the modified epoxy coatings.

Originality/value
Among the three types of modified coatings, the hybrid epoxy coating stands out to be the best performer.
School choice decision of middle-class parents in urban India: a sociological introspection
Authors: Ullah Athar , Mukherjee Anirban 
Published: July 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this study to add to the body of knowledge by examining and discussing school choice trends through the perspective of rational choice theory. This qualitative research explores rationale behind the choice of government schools by middle-class parents in contemporary India. This research will also shed light on the features of the schools that parents consider while making school selection process. Finally, research focuses upon the process and context of decision-making and dynamics involved therein. In other words, the attempt is being made to understand what is the yardstick used by parents to differentiate “good” and “bad” school.Design/methodology/approachThis qualitative research was conducted in two government (central and state) schools in Lucknow, India. The findings of the study are based on 22 qualitative interviews conducted with parents of school-going children, and principal or headmaster of the school. The interviews were unstructured and open-ended and were supported by observations. The observation was not only made of the social setting but also the reaction of the participants. The idea was to develop an emic view of the subject by exploring valid narratives. Pseudonyms were used to report the finding so as to maintain the confidentiality of the research subjects.FindingsThis research found that the majority of the parents chose school according to their social class, that is, the lower middle-class parents sent their wards to state government primary school, while the middle-class parents preferred to send their wards to central government school (Kendriya Vidyalaya). This study, therefore, lends credence to the contention that the middle class is a variegated social category and the dynamics of school choice vary across its subcategories. This lends credence to the contention that school choice decision is not solely a utilitarian choice and may be guided by emotion as well.Originality/valueThe originality of the research lies in the fact that the authors are extending the arguments made by the rational choice theory. The theory proposes that individual makes rational decisions motivated by self-interest and people look for the finest product or service and in pursuing them attempt to maximize their overall utility. Derivatively, Indian parents rationally make school choice decisions for their wards, gathering information and weighing various options and subsequently choose the “best” school for their children. This study moves beyond the prevailing perception that public schools offer low-quality education, and nobody attends such schools out of choice.
Mindfulness in leadership research: a performance and temporal analysis of research in the domain
Authors: Kaul Natashaa , Deshpande Amruta , Raut Rajesh , Mittal Amit , Raheja Deepali , Narula Sumit 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
This study aims to conduct a thorough evaluation to offer a modern overview of mindfulness’s performance and conceptual framework in leadership.

Design/methodology/approach
This study reviews the literature on mindfulness in leadership using bibliometric analysis and systematic review techniques. This study delves into the most significant writings, leading journals, authors, organizations and nations contributing to the field and the selected methodologies and research contexts for mindfulness in leadership.

Findings
This study unveils three areas of mindfulness in leadership: leadership mindfulness interventions and practices, essential outcomes of mindfulness practice and emergent styles and mindfulness.

Originality/value
This study significantly expands the Baer et al. (2006) review of mindfulness to offer new views over their manual qualitative analysis based on a smaller collection of literature while adding the leadership perspective. Using bibliometric analysis, this study especially carries out performance analysis and scientific mapping of the collection of research publications on mindfulness in leadership. Additionally, more current studies are included to update the field.
Mechanism of double diffusive convection due to magnetized Williamson nanofluid flow in tapered asymmetric channel under the influence of peristaltic propulsion and radiative heat transfer
Authors: Akram Safia , Athar Maria , Saeed Khalid , Umair Mir Yasir , Muhammad Taseer 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this study, thermal radiation and viscous dissipation impacts on double diffusive convection on peristaltic transport of Williamson nanofluid due to induced magnetic field in a tapered channel is examined. The study of propulsion system is on the rise in aerospace research. In spacecraft technology, the propulsion system uses high-temperature heat transmission governed through thermal radiation process. This study will help in assessment of chyme movement in the gastrointestinal tract and also in regulating the intensity of magnetic field of the blood flow during surgery.

Design/methodology/approach
The brief mathematical modelling, along with induced magnetic field, of Williamson nanofluid is given. The governing equations are reduced to dimensionless form by using appropriate transformations. Numerical technique is manipulated to solve the highly nonlinear differential equations. The roll of different variables is graphically analyzed in terms of concentration, temperature, volume fraction of nanoparticles, axial-induced magnetic field, magnetic force function, stream functions, pressure rise and pressure gradient.

Findings
The key finding from the analysis above can be summed up as follows: the temperature profile decreases and concentration profile increases due to the rising impact of thermal radiation. Brownian motion parameter has a reducing influence on nanoparticle concentration due to massive transfer of nanoparticles from a hot zone to a cool region, which causes a decrease in concentration profile· The pressure rise enhances due to rising values of thermophoresis and thermal Grashof number in retrograde pumping, free pumping and copumping region.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, a study that integrates double-diffusion convection with thermal radiation, viscous dissipation and induced magnetic field on peristaltic flow of Williamson nanofluid with a channel that is asymmetric has not been carried out so far.