bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fuga mundi na relação entre igreja e mundo:
Authors: Martins Fernandes Rafael , De Barros Coelho Neto Luiz Maria 
Published: May 2023

Ao longo da história do cristianismo, a fuga mundi surgiu como forma radical de vivência cristã. Esse modo de viver os valores do Evangelho correspondeu a necessidades específicas do contexto do seu surgimento. No entanto, com o passar do tempo, alguns princípios norteadores da fuga mundi colaboraram para a implantação, em larga escala no cristianismo, de uma compreensão de mundo dualista que separa a Igreja do mundo, bem como faz oposição entre corpo e alma, sagrado e profano, matéria e espírito. Entretanto, a Igreja está inserida no mundo, da mesma maneira como “o Verbo de Deus se fez carne e habitou entre nós” (Jo 1,14). A reflexão realizada pelo Concílio Vaticano II, expressa na Gaudium et spes, fornece elementos relevantes para essa evangélica autocompreensão da Igreja no mundo. Há outros autores que também refletiram sobre as relações entre cristianismo e mundo como, por exemplo, o teólogo luterano Dietrich Bonhoeffer (1906-1945). Neste artigo, faz-se uma crítica à atitude de fuga mundi, a partir da análise comparativa de alguns escritos de Bonhoeffer e da Gaudium et spes, o que permite compreender melhor o modo dialógico e servidor de existir das igrejas cristãs no mundo contemporâneo (chamado por Bonhoeffer de “mundo adulto”). Ao mesmo tempo, reflete-se sobre a superação dos dualismos e sobre a delimitação do lugar que a fuga mundi teve na Igreja Católica, a partir do evento conciliar.
Increased death and exhaustion of CD69high T cells and NK cells are associated with PD-1 antibody application in the in vitro co-culture system
Authors: Wang Ying , Sun Zhengyi , Du Xue , Yu Qiuyang , Sun Chao , Huang Jing , Wang Liying 
Published: May 2023

Background
The application of PD-1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) helps to treat non-small cell lung cancer, but acquired resistance has emerged in clinical practice. We tested the hypothesis that acquired resistance of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy is linked to death and exhaustion of activated T and NK cell.

Methods
The co-culture system of HCC827 cells and peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was established to evaluate the effect of PD-1 mAb on the death rate and exhaustion of T and NK cell. The predisposing role of CD69 for death and exhaustion was validated by using PHA-activated PBMCs of CD69low NSCLC patients. The 10-colour/three laser flow cytometer was used to test related markers for cell activation, death and exhaustion.

Results
We found that PD-1 mAb increase the death and exhaustion of T cells and NK cells in a dose-dependent way when PBMCs from NSCLC patients whose the percentages of CD69+ cells in peripheral blood T cells were greater than 5% (CD69high NSCLC patients). By analyzing PBMCs from healthy volunteers and CD69low NSCLC patients, we found that T cells and NK cells can be induced to die by PD-1 mAb after PHA activation, and had a tendency to raise the rate of cell exhaustion.

Conclusions
Our findings imply that increased death and exhaustion of CD69high T cells and NK cells are associated with ineffective anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in lung cancer. The CD69 expression of T cells and NK cells may be developed as a potential predictor for acquired resistance of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. These data may provide ideas to guide individualized medication of PD-1 mAb in NSCLC patients.
Socio-Economic Status of Bamboo Artisans of Karnataka, India
Authors: Pawar Suprita , Chitagubbi Geeta , Desai Rajeshwari 
Published: May 2023

Aim: To study the demographic profile and socio economic status of the bamboo artisans of Northern Karnataka districts.
Study Design: Exploratory design was used.
Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted in Northern Karnataka districts of Dharwad, Belgavi and Uttar Kannada in the year 2019-2020.
Methodology: Random sampling method was applied to select a sample size of 120 bamboo artisans’ family (Forty respondents from each district). The respondents were interviewed personally to elicit the primary information by using self structured interview schedule and Aggarwal et al. [1] was used to study the socio economic status of the bamboo artisans.
Results: The study resulted that bamboo artisan’s belonged lower middle socio economic status. Higher per cent of the respondents belonged to middle age group followed by young age group. Women participation was more compare to men counterpart in the bamboo artisans occupation.
Conclusion: Majority of the respondents belonged to middle age group, and majority of them were female followed by male. More than fifty per cent of the respondents had primary school level of education. Majority of the respondents were married followed by widow. Nearly fifty per cent of the respondents belonged to small family. Higher per cent of the respondents had less than 13 years of experience in the bamboo enterprise products making. More than half of the respondents spent 5-6 hours a day in bamboo enterprise. Majority of the respondents involved daily in bamboo enterprise work. Nearly fifty per cent of the respondents had habit of storing the bamboo raw materials inside the home. Majority of the selected bamboo artisans belonged to the lower middle socio economic status and were having less than 13 years of experience.
The Impact of Fourier Series Expansion on the Analysis of Asset Value Function and its Return Rates for Capital Markets
Authors: Perelah Loko, Onewunmi , Iyai Davies, , Uchenna Amadi, Innocent 
Published: May 2023

The effect of Fourier series expansion on the solution of Stochastic Differential Equation (SDE) is considered herein. The detailed measures which govern price function of return rate for capital investments are obtained periodically. Sufficient conditions of stating mathematical propositions and proving it by means of Fourier series expansion are given. These price functions were used as drift (return rate) parameter in the solution of proposed model which follow various pattern according to their propositions. This way, the desired complete solutions were obtained. Finally, the effects of the relevant parameters were demonstrated graphically for the purpose of decision making.
25-hydroxyvitamin D Level in Autism Spectrum Disorders and the Efficacy of Vitamin D Supplementation in Saudi Autistic Children
Authors: Azhari Sheren A. 
Published: May 2023

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a frequent developmental disease characterized by defects in nonverbal and verbal communication, pervasive deficits in social interaction, and stereotyped patterns of activities and interests. Previous researches reported vitamin D deficiency in autistic children; however, there is a deficiency of vitamin D supplementation trials in ASD children. This study aimed to assess vitamin D levels in ASD children and the effects of vitamin D supplementation on behavior and ASD score severity.
Methods: Eleven Saudi autistic children (9 males and 2 females) with ages ranged from 4 to 12 years were included in this prospective study during the period from January to July 2022. Children with ASD obtained from Will Be center for Special Needs and The Leading Academy for Autism. The study was carried out in two stages. In the first stage, 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum levels and autism severity via Gilliam Autism Rating Scale (GARS) were estimated. Then participants who fulfilled the inclusion criteria (9 out of 11) were included and given vitamin D supplements for three months. During treatment, ASD child behavior was observed. For the second stage, after treatment, changes in vitamin D level and autism score severity were evaluated.
Results: A total of 11 autistic children participated; two of them had vitamin D levels that were > 80 nmol/L excluded. Out of 9 ASD included 5 cases had deficiency and 4 cases had severe deficiency of vitamin D (55.56% and 44.44%). Before treatment, ASD severities were above average (n=1, 11.11%), average (n=6, 66.67%), and low severity (n=3, 33.33%). After 3 months of vitamin D treatment, vitamin D serum levels were sufficient in 2 patients (22.22%) and insufficient in 7 cases (77.78%). Meanwhile, ASD severity had no clear improvement following vitamin D supplementation with 7 (77.78%) cases showed average severity and 2 (22.22%) cases with low severity. Nevertheless, the specialist clarified that there was an enhancement in some behaviors and responses for most patients. After treatment, there was a significance increased in 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum levels and a decrease in ASD severity compared to its level before treatment.
Conclusions: Vitamin D levels are insufficient in 82% of ASD children (9 out of 11). Of 9 ASD patients; vitamin D levels were deficiency and severe deficiency and ASD severities were average and low severity. After treatment, vitamin D level was sufficient only in 2 patients (22.22%) and only one ASD case had improved in ASD score (Average to low). Nevertheless, specialist reported enhancement in some behaviors and responses for most patients. Nutritional interventions with vitamin D make a little difference in autistic children's life by reducing their symptoms.
Excess Mortality Among Patients in the Veterans Affairs Health System Compared With the Overall US Population During the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Weinberger Daniel M. , Rose Liam , Rentsch Christopher , Asch Steven M. , Columbo Jesse A. , King Joseph , Korves Caroline , Lucas Brian P. , Taub Cynthia , Young-Xu Yinong , Vashi Anita , Davies Louise , Justice Amy C. 
Published: May 2023

ImportanceDuring the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a substantial increase in the rate of death in the United States. It is unclear whether those who had access to comprehensive medical care through the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) health care system had different death rates compared with the overall US population.ObjectiveTo quantify and compare the increase in death rates during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic between individuals who received comprehensive medical care through the VA health care system and those in the general US population.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study compared 10.9 million enrollees in the VA, including 6.8 million active users of VA health care (those with a visit in the last 2 years), with the general population of the US, with deaths occurring from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2020. Statistical analysis was conducted from May 17, 2021, to March 15, 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresChanges in rates of death from any cause during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 compared with previous years. Changes in all-cause death rates by quarter were stratified by age, sex, race and ethnicity, and region, based on individual-level data. Multilevel regression models were fit in a bayesian setting. Standardized rates were used for comparison between populations.ResultsThere were 10.9 million enrollees in the VA health care system and 6.8 million active users. The demographic characteristics of the VA populations were predominantly male (&amp;gt;85% in the VA health care system vs 49% in the general US population), older (mean [SD], 61.0 [18.2] years in the VA health care system vs 39.0 [23.1] years in the US population), and had a larger proportion of patients who were White (73% in the VA health care system vs 61% in the US population) or Black (17% in the VA health care system vs 13% in the US population). Increases in death rates were apparent across all of the adult age groups (≥25 years) in both the VA populations and the general US population. Across all of 2020, the relative increase in death rates compared with expected values was similar for VA enrollees (risk ratio [RR], 1.20 [95% CI, 1.14-1.29]), VA active users (RR, 1.19 [95% CI, 1.14-1.26]), and the general US population (RR, 1.20 [95% CI, 1.17-1.22]). Because the prepandemic standardized mortality rates were higher in the VA populations prior to the pandemic, the absolute rates of excess mortality were higher in the VA populations.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, a comparison of excess deaths between populations suggests that active users of the VA health system had similar relative increases in mortality compared with the general US population during the first 10 months of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Maternal Opioid Use Disorder and the Risk of Postneonatal Infant Mortality
Authors: Grossarth Sarah , Osmundson Sarah S. , Wiese Andrew D. , Phillips Sharon E. , Pham Amelie , Leech Ashley A. , Patrick Stephen W. , Spieker Andrew J. , Grijalva Carlos G. , Adgent Margaret A. 
Published: May 2023

ImportanceThe risk of serious long-term outcomes for infants born to individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) is not fully characterized, nor is it well understood whether risks are modified by infant diagnosis of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS).ObjectiveTo characterize the risk of postneonatal infant mortality among infants with a NOWS diagnosis or born to individuals with OUD.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThe study team conducted a retrospective cohort study of 390 075 infants born from 2007 through 2018 to mothers who were enrolled in Tennessee Medicaid from 183 days prior to delivery through 28 days post partum (baseline). Maternal and infant baseline characteristics were measured using administrative claims and birth certificates, and infants were followed up from day 29 post partum through day 365 or death. Deaths were identified using linked death certificates through 2019. These data were analyzed from February 10, 2022, through March 3, 2023.ExposureInfant exposures included birth to an individual with OUD or postnatal diagnosis of NOWS. The study team defined a pregnant individual’s OUD status (maternal OUD) as having OUD diagnosis or a maintenance medication prescription fill during baseline; this study defined NOWS as having NOWS diagnosis up to day 28. Groups were categorized by exposures as maternal OUD with NOWS (OUD positive/NOWS positive), maternal OUD without NOWS (OUD positive/NOWS negative), no documented maternal OUD with NOWS (OUD negative/NOWS positive), and no documented maternal OUD or NOWS (OUD negative/NOWS negative, unexposed).Main Outcome and MeasuresThe outcome was postneonatal infant death, confirmed by death certificates. Cox proportional hazards models were used, adjusting for baseline maternal and infant characteristics, to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% CIs for the association between maternal OUD or NOWS diagnosis with postneonatal death.ResultsPregnant individuals in the cohort had a mean (SD) age of 24.5 (5.2) years; 51% of infants were male. The study team observed 1317 postneonatal infant deaths and incidence rates of 3.47 (OUD negative/NOWS negative, 375 718), 8.41 (OUD positive/NOWS positive, 4922); 8.95 (OUD positive/NOWS negative, 7196), and 9.25 (OUD negative/NOWS positive, 2239) per 1000 person-years. After adjustment, the risk of postneonatal death was elevated for all groups, relative to the unexposed: OUD positive/NOWS positive (aHR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.07-2.21), OUD positive/NOWS negative (aHR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.21-2.17), and OUD negative/NOWS positive (aHR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.02-2.65).Conclusions and RelevanceInfants born to individuals with OUD or with a NOWS diagnosis had an increased risk of postneonatal infant mortality. Future work is necessary to create and evaluate supportive interventions for individuals with OUD during and after pregnancy to reduce adverse outcomes.
A Synthetic Signaling Network Imitating the Action of Immune Cells in Response to Bacterial Metabolism
Authors: Walczak Michal , Mancini Leonardo , Xu Jiayi , Raguseo Federica , Kotar Jurij , Cicuta Pietro , Di Michele Lorenzo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractState‐of‐the‐art bottom‐up synthetic biology allows to replicate many basic biological functions in artificial‐cell‐like devices. To mimic more complex behaviors, however, artificial cells would need to perform many of these functions in a synergistic and coordinated fashion, which remains elusive. Here, a sophisticated biological response is considered, namely the capture and deactivation of pathogens by neutrophil immune cells, through the process of netosis. A consortium consisting of two synthetic agents is designed—responsive DNA‐based particles and antibiotic‐loaded lipid vesicles—whose coordinated action mimics the sought immune‐like response when triggered by bacterial metabolism. The artificial netosis‐like response emerges from a series of interlinked sensing and communication pathways between the live and synthetic agents, and translates into both physical and chemical antimicrobial actions, namely bacteria immobilization and exposure to antibiotics. The results demonstrate how advanced life‐like responses can be prescribed with a relatively small number of synthetic molecular components, and outlines a new strategy for artificial‐cell‐based antimicrobial solutions.
Acoustofluidics: A Versatile Tool for Micro/Nano Separation at the Cellular, Subcellular, and Biomolecular Levels
Authors: Zhao Zhuyang , Yang Sha , Feng Liu , Zhang Ligai , Wang Jue , Chang Kai , Chen Ming 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSeparation of micro/nanoparticles, such as cellular, subcellular and biomolecular, has attracted increasing attention because of their remarkable potential applications in various fields, including chemistry, physics, medicine, etc. Among different micro/nanoparticle separation methods, acoustofluidics, which combines acoustics and microfluidics, has drawn the interest of researchers due to its biocompatibility, high efficiency and free labeling. In this review, the basic constitutions, mechanisms, and materials of acoustofluidics are described. Subsequently, sorts of delicately designed acoustofluidic devices, including diverse bulk acoustic wave (BAW) microfluidics and surface acoustic wave (SAW) microfluidics, are discussed, covering principles, advantages, limitations and applications in separation. Besides the introduction of advances of micro/nanoparticle separation in the BAW microfluidics, the SAW microfluidics are elaborated in detail with a focus on various configurations of interdigital transducers (IDTs), comprising straight IDT, slanted‐finger IDT, chirped IDT and focused IDT. Microfluidic systems of the acoustofluidics involve the forms of straight channels, serpentine channels, and droplets. Additionally, besides simply structured acoustofluidics, acoustofluidics integrated with other structures are also mentioned. Finally, the prospects and limitations of acoustofluidics in micro/nanoparticle separation are also discussed. The acoustofluidics reviewed here is envisioned as a versatile tool for micro/nanoparticle separation at the cellular, sub‐cellular, and biomolecular levels.
Electrohydrodynamic Printing of Ultrafine and Highly Conductive Ag Electrodes for Various Flexible Electronics
Authors: Ma Jingxuan , Feng Jiayun , Zhang He , Hu Xuanyi , Wen Jiayue , Wang Shang , Tian Yanhong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSilver nanoparticle (AgNP) based inks are widely used in printed electronics to form conductive patterns. However, high resolution and high electrical conductivity are still hard to achieve at the same time for the patterning of AgNP‐based electrodes. Herein, Ag patterns with a high resolution of sub‐10 µm and a high conductivity are realized by the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing. The parameters including the composition of Ag ink, printing speed, voltage, and working height are carefully controlled to increase the resolution, and the process window of the cone jet mode is established. With the help of the finite element simulation, the generation mechanism of the Taylor cone is clarified. Ag electrodes with various patterns and shapes are easily produced, which exhibited excellent patterning qualities, such as superior uniformity and flatness, narrow spacing, and clear edge definition. Finally, flexible light‐emitting diode (LED) circuits, transparent heaters, and supercapacitors are fabricated by EHD printed Ag grid electrodes. These results indicate that this work provides a simple and scalable strategy for fabricating ordered metal conductive patterns in the emerging printed electronics.
Assessing the impact of COVID‐19 and related interventions on poverty and economic growth in Pakistan: A structural path analysis
Authors: Davies Stephen , Quershi Tehseen , Rana Abdul Wajid , Haider Zeeshan , Raja Sehrish 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study uses social accounting matrix multipliers and structural path analyses to estimate effects of COVID‐19 and related fiscal stimuli on five household groups. The COVID‐19 lockdown increased poverty in Pakistan by 15%, which was addressed using a $1.5 billion, digitally implemented Ehsaas Emergency Cash (EEC) program that reached 14.8 million poor households. The study's models show that the largest multipliers from Ehsaas program finance were in agriculture, as a 1 Rupee shock adds 0.225 Rupee income to households. About 30% of that gain was estimated to go to poor farm families. In contrast, our models find that construction and trade growth added three times as much income to poor nonfarm and urban households as to farm households. However, those sectors added only one third as much total income as agriculture. From the structural path analysis, the importance of capital assets in generating income was seen, as was the possibility of greater poverty reduction from sectors with proportionally fewer intermediate inputs and more value added.
Dynamics of Bloch–Zener Oscillations with Tuning Gap
Authors: Huang Zhongkai , Bo Maolin , Yao Chuang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this study, the transient dynamics of Bloch–Zener oscillations (BZOs) in a 1D qubit chain with a controllable band gap are explored. The chain consists of alternating site energies and is subjected to a constant external field. Several tight‐binding models were analyzed, including Bloch and Landau–Zener models, to understand the BZOs mechanism. The findings revealed that the band gaps played a crucial role in bridging the intriguing interplay between Bloch oscillations and Landau–Zener transitions. The motion of carriers in real and quasi‐momentum spaces is explored and the time evolution of occupancy in mini‐bands is calculated. A linearly time‐dependent way of tuning the gap is also proposed and non‐periodic motion is observed. When the chain is coupled to dispersionless optical phonons, strong coupling leads to large phonon displacements and localizes the carrier wave packets of the qubit states. The findings provide new insights into the behavior of BZOs in complex systems and suggest avenues for future studies.
Coordination‐Modulated Metal Tetrathiafulvalene Octacarboxylate Frameworks for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Battery Anodes
Authors: Yang Zhi‐Mei , Zhao Shu‐Peng , Zhang Meng‐Hang , Zhang Ze‐Dong , Ma Tian‐Rui , Yuan Shuai , Su Jian , Li Cheng‐Hui , Zuo Jing‐Lin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractModulation of the ligands and coordination environment of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) has been an effective and relatively unexplored avenue for improving the anode performance of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). In this study, three MOFs are synthesized, namely, M4(o‐TTFOB)(bpm)2(H2O)2 (where M is Mn, Zn, and Cd; o‐H8TTFOB is ortho‐tetrathiafulvalene octabenzoate; and bpm is 2,2′‐bipyrimidine), based on a new ligand o‐H8TTFOB with two adjacent carboxylates on one phenyl, which allows us to establish the impact of metal coordination on the performance of these MOFs as anode materials in LIBs. Mn‐o‐TTFOB and Zn‐o‐TTFOB, with two more uncoordinated oxygen atoms from o‐TTFOB8−, show higher reversible specific capacities of 1249 mAh g−1 and 1288 mAh g−1 under 200 mA g−1 after full activation. In contrast, Cd‐o‐TTFOB shows a reversible capacity of 448 mAh g−1 under the same condition due to the lack of uncoordinated oxygen atoms. Crystal structure analysis, cyclic voltammetry measurements of the half‐cell configurations, and density functional theory calculations have been performed to explain the lithium storage mechanism, diffusion kinetics, and structure‐function relationship. This study demonstrates the advantages of MOFs with high designability in the fabrication of LIBs.