bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modification of anthracnose severity in açaí seedlings by the endophytic fungus Hypoxylon anthochroum strain 2.4996
Authors: dos Santos Prado Laryssa , Mendes Bruna Alice Feitosa , da Silva Fábio Ítalo Nascimento , de Lima Antonia Jerlene Martins , do Vale Moreira José Genivaldo , Carvalho Marcia Eugenia Amaral , Carvalho Clarice Maia , Peters Leila Priscila 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe cultivation of açai palm, which yields tasteful and nutritional fruits, has been stimulated by the high commercial values of açai pulps; however, the occurrence of anthracnose (a disease caused by the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) on açaí nursery and orchards has been a challenge for the shift from açaí extractivism to its cultivation. The interaction among endophytic fungi and host can change the plant disease severity, facilitating infection by phytopathogens and increasing its damage to plants. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the antagonistic activity of five endophytic fungi against C. gloeosporioides, as well as to evaluate the anthracnose severity in açaí seedlings in response to the inoculation of the most promising of the tested endophytic fungus. First, in vitro evaluation showed that most of the fungi were able to grow over C. gloeosporioides mycelia. The endophytic fungi Graphium sp. 2.4765 and Hypoxylon anthochroum 2.4996 recorded the highest rates of growth inhibition, 79.3% and 77.0%, respectively. Because H. anthochroum 2.4996 presented better in vitro growth and spore production, it was chosen for subsequent evaluations. Second, in planta evaluation showed that the inoculation of H. anthochroum 2.4996 in diseased plants enhanced both the necrotic area in leaflets and disease symptoms. Third, comparative analyses based on the cultural, micromorphological and molecular characteristics have shown that such strain is related to H. anthochroum. Overall, this study highlights the complexity of the plant–microbe interactions.
Differential genetic associations between dimensions of eating disorders and alcohol involvement in late adolescent twins
Authors: Qi Baiyu , Thornton Laura M. , Breiner Courtney E. , Kuja‐Halkola Ralf , Baker Jessica H. , Lichtenstein Paul , Lundström Sebastian , Agrawal Arpana , Bulik Cynthia M. , Munn‐Chernoff Melissa A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundTwin studies have demonstrated shared genetic and environmental effects between eating disorders and alcohol involvement in adults and middle adolescents. However, fewer studies have focused on late adolescents or investigated a wide range of eating disorder dimensions and alcohol involvement subscales in both sexes. We examined genetic and environmental correlations among three eating disorder dimensions and two alcohol involvement subscale scores in late adolescent twins using bivariate twin models.MethodsParticipants were 3568 female and 2526 male same‐sex twins aged 18 years old from the Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden. The Eating Disorder Inventory‐2 (EDI) assessed the drive for thinness, bulimia, and body dissatisfaction. Alcohol involvement was assessed with the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test consumption (AUDIT‐C) and problem (AUDIT‐P) subscales.ResultsOnly phenotypic and twin correlations in female twins met our threshold for twin modeling. The proportion of total variance for each trait accounted for by additive genetic factors ranged from 0.50 to 0.64 in female twins, with the rest explained by nonshared environmental factors and measurement error. Shared environmental factors played a minimal role in the variance of each trait. The strongest genetic correlation (ra) emerged between EDI bulimia and AUDIT‐P (ra = 0.46, 95% confidence interval: 0.37, 0.55), indicating that the proportion of genetic variance of one trait that was shared with the other trait was 0.21. Nonshared environmental correlations between eating disorder dimensions and alcohol involvement ranged from 0.03 to 0.13.ConclusionsWe observed distinct patterns of genetic and environmental effects for co‐occurring eating disorder dimensions and alcohol involvement in female vs. male twins, supporting sex‐specific treatment strategies for late adolescents with comorbid eating disorders and alcohol use disorder. Our findings emphasize the importance of assessing family history of multiple eating disorder dimensions while treating late adolescents with problematic alcohol use, and vice versa, to improve detection and treatment.
Brief report: Synthetic cannabinoid use among military personnel
Authors: Stogner John , Santangelo Orion , Baldwin Julie Marie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesSynthetic cannabinoids (SCs) may function as a marijuana alternative for soldiers subject to frequent drug screens, yet no study has interviewed past military users of SCs.MethodsVeterans participating in eight US veterans treatment courts were interviewed (n = 318; response rate = 54.9%). Thematic analyses were completed.ResultsSixty‐five veterans (21.3%) reported SC use. Three major themes were identified: SCs were not a suitable marijuana replacement, the experience was unpleasant/problematic, and curiosity, sometimes paired with the perception of safely eluding drug screens, facilitated use.Conclusion and Scientific SignificanceWhile members of the military experimented with SCs, habitual use of SCs within the Armed Forces does not appear widespread. The perception that SCs are excluded from all urinalyses may contribute to experimentation, but the unpleasant experience generally discourages recurrent use.
Automated quantification of uveitic keratic precipitates by use of anterior segment optical coherence tomography
Authors: Pichi Francesco , Ometto Giovanni , Invernizzi Alessandro , Hay Steven , Chaudhry Hannah , Aljneibi Shaikha , Montesano Giovanni , Zicarelli Federico , Neri Piergiorgio 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundEvaluation of ocular inflammation via common imaging modalities like optical coherence tomography (OCT) has emphasised cell visualisation, but automated detection of uveitic keratic precipitates (KPs) remains unexplored.MethodsAnterior segment (AS)‐OCT dense volumes of the corneas of patients with uveitic KPs were collected at three timepoints: with active (T0), clinically improving (T1), and resolved (T2) inflammation. At each visit, visual acuity and clinical grading of the anterior chamber cells were assessed. A bespoke algorithm was used to create an en face rendering of the KPs and to calculate their volume and a ratio of the volume of precipitates over the analysed area. The variation of AS‐OCT‐derived measurements over time was assessed, and compared with clinical grading.ResultsTwenty eyes from 20 patients (13 females, mean age 39 years) were studied. At T0, the mean volume of the corneal KPs was 0.1727 mm3, and it significantly reduced to 0.1111 mm3 (p = 0.03) only at T2. The ratio between the volume of the KPs and the corneal area decreased from T0 (0.007) to T1 (0.006; p = 0.2) and T2 (0.004; p = 0.009). There was a statistically significant correlation between the AC cell count and the AS‐OCT volume measurements of the KPs at the three time points.ConclusionsAS‐OCT can image uveitic KPs and through a bespoke algorithm we were able to create an en face rendering allowing us to extrapolate their volume. We found that objective quantification of KPs correlated with inflammatory cell counts in the anterior chamber.
How much cannabis is used in a joint in Australia? An experimental investigation into use by potency and frequency
Authors: Dawson Danielle , Stjepanovic Daniel , Lorenzetti Valentina , Hall Wayne D. , Leung Janni 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionCannabis use is highly prevalent in Australia, yet current survey metrics measure tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) exposure with limited accuracy. Often survey items measure cannabis quantity by assuming specific modes of use (i.e., ‘how many joints do you use?’), which fail to capture variations in cannabis use and the diverse modes of use (e.g., joints, cones, spliffs). This study investigated how much cannabis is used in these modes of administration in an Australian sample.MethodsParticipants (N = 31, Mage = 25.77; 51% university students) completed the Roll a Joint Paradigm in which they rolled joints, spliffs and packed cones as they would typically, using oregano as ‘cannabis.’ Participants then prepared each again but with cannabis of higher or lower potency.ResultsThe amount of cannabis used across different modes of administration was variable: joints (range 0.10–1.25 g), spliffs (range 0.12–1.21 g) and cones (range 0.03–0.41 g). Participants who used cannabis daily rolled three times the amount of cannabis into a joint.Discussion and ConclusionsThe amount of cannabis used in common modes of administration may be highly variable. Daily use may be associated using larger quantities of cannabis. Titration attempts based on potency were not proportional or consistent across modes of administration. The results indicate people may adjust the quantity of cannabis based on perceived potency, however, not proportional to THC concentration. Inconsistency in the amount of cannabis used based on potency and within different modes of administration may represent a problem for self‐report metrics which ask participants to report cannabis use in joints.
Historical geographies of alternative, and non‐formal education: Learning from the histories of Black education
Authors: Fairless Nicholson Jacob 
Published: September 2023

AbstractShining a light on the various non‐formal education spaces that have garnered attention in geographies of education over the past two decades, this review takes stock of how historical spaces of education and learning have become a key focus of this body of work. In so doing, the review signals prominent and emergent themes around which scholarship in this subdiscipline has cohered: most notably, geographies of citizenship and morality in informal education spaces, and the radical pedagogic practices of alternative education spaces. As well as looking back, the review also signals two areas that scholars in the field should consider engaging with more closely: Black education and decolonial education. Analysing literature in history and sociology on the Black education movement in Britain, the paper calls for geographies of education to engage more closely with work published in cognate disciplines and not to overlook the relational nature of decolonial education in global north contexts.
Effect of loneliness on mental health and cognition: A study on middle‐aged and older adults in India
Authors: Mishra Bijeta , Dhaka Suman 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe article assesses the impact of loneliness and age on the mental health and cognitive functioning of individuals aged 45 and above in the Indian context. The mediating effect of marital status and age on the way loneliness impacts individuals’ cognition and mental health is examined.MethodsData were obtained from the pilot wave of Longitudinal Ageing Study in India, and scores of 1578 participants were considered for analysis. Standardised and validated measures were employed to measure loneliness, mental health and cognition of the participants. Multivariate analysis was employed to investigate the impact of loneliness and age on cognition and mental health. Structural equation modelling was used for evaluating the mediating effect of age and marital status.ResultsLoneliness significantly impacted mental health and global cognitive function, whereas age significantly impacted episodic memory and total cognition. Marital status had a significant mediating role on the impact of loneliness on individuals’ mental health and cognitive functioning.DiscussionFostering social support among lonely individuals might help mitigate loneliness, enhance their mental health status, and slow down cognitive decline.
Isolated JUP plakoglobin gene mutation with left ventricular fibrosis in familial arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy
Authors: Zinkovsky Daniel , Sood Michael R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionArrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a rare inherited disorder usually affecting the right ventricle (RV), characterized by fibro‐fatty tissue replacement of the healthy ventricular myocardium. It often predisposes young patients to ventricular tachycardia, heart failure, and/or sudden cardiac death. However, recent studies have suggested predominantly left ventricle (LV) involvement with variable and/or atypical manifestations. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging has emerged as the noninvasive gold standard for the diagnosis of ARVC.Case SummaryA 21‐year‐old athletic male with a family history of unknown ventricular arrhythmias, presented with near syncope, chest pain, and exertional palpitations. He had an initial work‐up that was grossly unremarkable including an electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiogram and a CMR study. Six months later, he presented again with recurrent symptoms of presyncope during exercise and his ECG demonstrated new findings of a terminal activation delay in his precordial leads. He had markedly elevated cardiac biomarkers, (troponin I > 100 ng/dl, normal value < 0.04 ng/dl) and demonstrated ventricular tachycardia with a right bundle branch morphology. An endomyocardial biopsy did not reveal any pathology. A follow‐up CMR demonstrated the new development and prominent left ventricular epicardial scar in the lateral wall.The patient underwent familial genetic testing, which confirmed the presence of an isolated junction plakoglobin (JUP) gene mutation and showed multiple genes consistent with ARVC in his mother. Thus, he manifested a partial transmission of only one abnormal gene for ARVC and exhibited a markedly different expression in his disease without evidence of typical right‐sided heart pathology. A third CMR study was performed, which showed partial improvement in myocardial fibrosis after exercise cessation.ConclusionWe present a case of a young athletic male with a newly diagnosed isolated JUP gene mutation and a genetically diagnosed family history of ARVC. During his course, he demonstrated the progression of new, atypical, left ventricular fibrosis. This case demonstrates a complex interplay between genetic penetrance, phenotypical heterogeneity, and lifestyle factors such as exercise in disease progression and provides insight into the natural course of an isolated JUP mutation. Although rare, clinicians should have a high threshold for the clinical suspicion of ARVC or variants of this disorder even in the absence of classic right‐sided pathologies.
Feasibility and safety of left bundle branch area pacing in patients with septal hypertrophy
Authors: Özpak Emine , Van Heuverswyn Frederic , Timmermans Frank , De Pooter Jan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionLeft bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) aims to provide physiological ventricular activation during pacing. Left ventricular septal hypertrophy (LVSH) might be challenging for LBBAP due to the thickness of the interventricular septum and potential presence of septal scar. This study assesses the feasibility, safety, and outcome of LBBAP in patients with LVSH using primarily stylet‐driven leads (SDL).MethodsAdult patients with LVSH who underwent LBBAP between March 2019 and November 2022 were enrolled. Baseline patient characteristics, procedural data and postprocedural results were collected. The feasibility of LBBAP in LVSH patients was compared to a cohort of LBBAP patients with normal septal wall thickness (NST).ResultsSeventeen LVSH and 133 NST patients underwent LBBAP with successful implantation achieved in 15 LVSH patients (88%). Mean implant depth was 17.2 ± 1.9 mm, with 53% proven left bundle branch (LBB) capture. Paced QRS duration (146 ± 14 ms) and V6 R‐wave peak time (V6 RWPT; 79 ± 20 ms) were comparable between patients with and without septal hypertrophy, although patients with NST had higher rates of proven LBB capture (71% vs. 53%). In LVSH pacing thresholds (0.6 ± 0.3 V at 0.4 ms) and R‐wave amplitude (13.9 ± 5.6 mV) were favorable and remained stable at follow‐up. At 12 months, 87% of patients had stable or improved left ventricular ejection fraction.ConclusionThe results of the study indicate that LBBAP in patients with LVSH is safe and feasible and no lead‐related complications were observed despite a mean implant depth exceeding 15 mm. LBBAP using SDL results in favorable pacing and electrocardiographic characteristics in LVSH patients, comparable to patients with NST.
Option Momentum
Authors: HESTON STEVEN L. , JONES CHRISTOPHER S. , KHORRAM MEHDI , LI SHUAIQI , MO HAITAO 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates the performance of option investments across different stocks by computing monthly returns on at‐the‐money straddles on individual equities. We find that options with high historical returns continue to significantly outperform options with low historical returns over horizons ranging from 6 to 36 months. This phenomenon is robust to including out‐of‐the‐money options or delta‐hedging the returns. Unlike stock momentum, option return continuation is not followed by long‐run reversal. Significant returns remain after factor risk adjustment and after controlling for implied volatility and other characteristics. Across stocks, trading costs are unrelated to the magnitude of momentum profits.
Perceptions of haemodialysis nurses regarding patients' and families' loss and grief
Authors: Marcussen Jette , Madsen Rikke , Bonner Ann , Agerskov Hanne 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe experience of loss and grief in patients' lives with life‐long treatment in haemodialysis, and in their families' lives is a major cause of mental health problems. In practice, nurses often describe a lack of time and limited knowledge of how to provide nursing care in situations of loss and grief, thus finding out from nurses' perspectives of what competencies they need to provide care would be useful for the development of nursing practice.ObjectivesTo develop knowledge in a nursing perspective of competencies to provide care for patients and their families, who experience grief linked to loss due to kidney failure, haemodialysis and/or death.DesignThe study took a phenomenological‐hermeneutical approach. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted 12 nurses caring for patients receiving haemodialysis with no kidney transplantation option and family members. Ricoeur's interpretation theory involving naïve reading, structural analysis and critical interpretation and discussion was used for analysis.ResultsFour themes emerged of nurse's experiences: (1) patient's loss and grief in everyday life, (2) dealing with supportive conversations when caring for patients, (3) families' losses are resulting in grief reactions and (4) importance of close relationships when caring for families.ConclusionsTo nurses, patients on haemodialysis and their families have multiple loss and grief experiences. Nurses' working in kidney care need to develop competencies to support patients and families to cope with grief and loss. Further research is needed to develop these competencies and then to implement in education and practice.
Dynamics of imprinted genes and their epigenetic mechanisms in castor bean seed with persistent endosperm
Authors: Han Bing , Li Yelan , Wu Di , Li De‐Zhu , Liu Aizhong , Xu Wei 
Published: September 2023

Summary

Genomic imprinting refers to parent‐of‐origin‐dependent gene expression and primarily occurs in the endosperm of flowering plants, but its functions and epigenetic mechanisms remain to be elucidated in eudicots. Castor bean, a eudicot with large and persistent endosperm, provides an excellent system for studying the imprinting.

Here, we identified 131 imprinted genes in developing endosperms and endosperm at seed germination phase of castor bean, involving into the endosperm development, accumulation of storage compounds and specially seed germination.

Our results showed that the transcriptional repression of maternal allele of DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE 1 (MET1) may be required for maternal genome demethylation in the endosperm. DNA methylation analysis showed that only a small fraction of imprinted genes was associated with allele‐specific DNA methylation, and most of them were closely associated with constitutively unmethylated regions (UMRs), suggesting a limited role for DNA methylation in controlling genomic imprinting. Instead, histone modifications can be asymmetrically deposited in maternal and paternal genomes in a DNA methylation‐independent manner to control expression of most imprinted genes.

These results expanded our understanding of the occurrence and biological functions of imprinted genes and showed the evolutionary flexibility of the imprinting machinery and mechanisms in plants.
Spatio‐Temporal Variation in the Bid–Rent Functions of Long‐Term and Short‐Term Rentals: Evidence from South‐East Queensland, Australia
Authors: Sigler T. , Zou Z. , Corcoran J. , Charles‐Edwards E. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPlatform‐mediated short‐term rentals (STRs) are a relatively new addition to the housing landscape, providing accommodation on a temporal scale that falls between hotel stays and long‐term rentals (LTRs). Given the potential for STR hosts to charge significantly higher nightly rates for the same property than they might through an LTR lease enumerated in months or years, many have asked whether a ‘gap’ exists between the two, and how persistent this may be over space and time. In this paper, we modify and validate classical bid–rent theory to investigate spatial variation in the rent gap between STRs and LTRs over time in two distinct contexts in Queensland, Australia. We conduct statistical analyses on STR data against LTR data from local property records in Brisbane and the Sunshine Coast, identifying a significant rent gap, particularly close to high‐amenity areas. We find strong evidence of distance decay in the rent gap, with rents converging with increasing distance in most cases, indicating that STRs only ‘outcompete’ LTRs near high‐amenity areas, which in this analysis are the central business districts (Brisbane) and the beach (Sunshine Coast). We also find that the rent gap increases as properties get larger in size, and over time. These findings carry implications for policy aiming to balance the needs of multiple stakeholders and political agendas against planning frameworks prescribing where short‐term accommodation is best situated.