bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multimodal Deep Learning Classifier for Primary Open Angle Glaucoma Diagnosis Using Wide-Field Optic Nerve Head Cube Scans in Eyes With and Without High Myopia
Authors: Bowd Christopher , Belghith Akram , Rezapour Jasmin , Christopher Mark , Jonas Jost B. , Hyman Leslie , Fazio Massimo A. , Weinreb Robert N. , Zangwill Linda M. 
Published: July 2023

Précis:
An optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based multimodal deep learning (DL) classification model, including texture information, is introduced that outperforms single-modal models and multimodal models without texture information for glaucoma diagnosis in eyes with and without high myopia.

Background/Aims:
To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a multimodal DL classifier using wide OCT optic nerve head cube scans in eyes with and without axial high myopia.

Materials and Methods:
Three hundred seventy-one primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) eyes and 86 healthy eyes, all without axial high myopia [axial length (AL) ≤ 26 mm] and 92 POAG eyes and 44 healthy eyes, all with axial high myopia (AL > 26 mm) were included. The multimodal DL classifier combined features of 3 individual VGG-16 models: (1) texture-based en face image, (2) retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness map image, and (3) confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope (cSLO) image. Age, AL, and disc area adjusted area under the receiver operating curves were used to compare model accuracy.

Results:
Adjusted area under the receiver operating curve for the multimodal DL model was 0.91 (95% CI = 0.87, 0.95). This value was significantly higher than the values of individual models [0.83 (0.79, 0.86) for texture-based en face image; 0.84 (0.81, 0.87) for RNFL thickness map; and 0.68 (0.61, 0.74) for cSLO image; all P ≤ 0.05]. Using only highly myopic eyes, the multimodal DL model showed significantly higher diagnostic accuracy [0.89 (0.86, 0.92)] compared with texture en face image [0.83 (0.78, 0.85)], RNFL [0.85 (0.81, 0.86)] and cSLO image models [0.69 (0.63, 0.76)] (all P ≤ 0.05).

Conclusions:
Combining OCT-based RNFL thickness maps with texture-based en face images showed a better ability to discriminate between healthy and POAG than thickness maps alone, particularly in high axial myopic eyes.
The digital competence of Chinese higher education students and the linkage with their career adaptability
Authors: Zhou Na , Wang Jiping , Liu Xin , Yang Liu , Jin Xinglin 
Published: July 2023

PurposeRecently, digital competence has become one of the most important work competencies of employees. This study investigated students' digital competence in the context of Chinese higher education and examined digital competence's relationship with students' career adaptability.Design/methodology/approachThe participants were 298 Chinese higher education students from both universities and colleges. MANOVA (Multivariate Analysis of Variance) was carried out through SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) 26.0 to examine whether digital competence varied with the students' personal characteristics, i.e. gender, grade level and school type. In addition, the structural equation model was employed with Mplus 8.3 to analyse the relationship between digital competence and career adaptability as well as the mediation role of digital informal learning and academic performance.FindingsThe descriptive statistics revealed that students performed best in the safety construct, whilst worst in the digital content creation construct. The result of MANOVA showed that the digital competence of the participants significantly varied with participants' gender, school type and grade level. Furthermore, the structural equation model results demonstrated that higher education students' digital competence was positively associated with the students' career adaptability. And the mediation role of digital informal learning and academic performance was also confirmed.Originality/valueTo the authors' knowledge, this is the first study focussing on the relationship between digital competence and career adaptability. In particular, both working and learning perspectives were considered to explore this relationship. Besides, the authors also displayed Chinese higher education students' digital competence with consideration of different districts and school types.
Governing land use planning in pursuit of customary tenure security: A case of Kilombero District in rural Tanzania
Authors: Gwaleba Method Julius , Kongela Sophia Marcian , Kombe Wilbard Jackson 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
This paper aims to explore the role of participatory governance to actors’ participation in land use planning for tenure security in rural Tanzania. Three case studies where land use planning project implemented were selected to make assessment on how local actors were involved in the process.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses qualitative research methods, whereby semi-structured interviews with village landholders and key informants were conducted to get their perspectives on land use decisions and land tenure (in)security. Besides, focus group discussions with the village landholders were also used.

Findings
The research findings indicate low participation of local actors in land use planning process. Decisions on land use by the local actors were very minimal. Further, communication between the involved actors was also difficult.

Originality/value
The study offers insights on participatory governance into land use planning for tenure security. The study develops a framework to improve land use planning process toward tenure security outcome. A tri-partite strategy consisting of enabling mechanisms of governance capacity, institutional capacity and converging discourses articulates a framework for the evolution in the degree of local actors’ participation to improve security of land rights through land use planning process in rural Tanzania.
Outcomes of endovascular, open surgical and autotransplantation techniques for renal artery aneurysm repair: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Choksi Harsham , Singla Animesh , Yoon Peter , Pang Tony , Vicaretti Mauro , Yao Jinna , Lee Taina , Yuen Lawrence , Laurence Jerome , Lau Howard , Pleass Henry 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundRenal artery aneurysms (RAA) can be repaired with endovascular exclusion (EVR), open repair (OR), or ex‐vivo repair with renal autotransplantation (ERAT). This systematic review compares repair indications, aneurysm characteristics, and complications following these interventions.MethodsA systematic review of databases including MEDLINE, PUBMED, and EMBASE by two independent reviewers for studies from January 2000–November 2022. All studies evaluating repair indications, RAA morphology, morbidity and mortality following EVR, OR, and ERAT were included.ResultsA total of 38 studies were included with 1540 EVR, 2377 OR and 109 ERAT subjects. Increasing aneurysm size, or diameters >20 mm, were the most common repair indications across EVR and OR (n = 537; 48%), and ERAT (n = 23; 52%). All ERAT repairs were at or distal to renal artery bifurcations (n = 46). Meta‐analyses demonstrated significantly shorter length of stay (LOS) with EVR compared to OR (mean difference −4.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) −5.69 to −2.43, P < 0.001). No significant differences were found in mean aneurysm diameter (P = 0.23), total complications (P = 0.17), and mortality (P = 0.85). Major complications (Clavien‐Dindo ≥III) across studies most commonly included acute renal failure (EVR 4.9% vs. OR 7.0%). Nephrectomy was the most common major complication in ERAT (5.5%).ConclusionsOutcomes following EVR and OR of RAAs are comparable. EVR offers a shorter LOS, with no difference in morbidity or mortality. ERAT is currently only utilized for distal RAAs, however carries higher risk of infarction and nephrectomy necessitating specialized expertise or algorithms to assist appropriate selection of repair methods.
What can the experiences of rural women in Solomon Islands teach us about innovation in aquatic food systems?
Authors: Batalofo Margaret , Aruhe'eta Pollard Alice , Ride Anouk , Hauona Edlyn , van der Ploeg Jan , Isihanua Matthew , Roscher Matthew , Sukulu Meshach , Eriksson Hampus 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn Solomon Islands, women's groups play an important role in promoting socially inclusive development and women's empowerment. In this paper, we summarise the experiences of a 5‐year participatory action research partnership to enhance rural livelihood activities based on aquatic foods. The women's savings groups that participated in this research identified solar‐powered freezers as an innovation suitable to their skills and environment. The 12 freezers we used in our partnership to pilot this innovation had tangible benefits. More than 700 unique users accessed the freezers, 3900 kg of fish was stored and over USD6,000 was saved in total; however, accumulation of savings varied greatly between groups. The women's groups demonstrated that operating solar‐powered freezers can be financially viable, and the innovation integrated well with their livelihood activities. This conclusion provides an alternative to dominant development narratives, which tend to focus on building large‐scale infrastructure, and often exclude women. Existing marketing skills and cooperation were strengths on which the women built. Poor‐quality technology was the biggest impediment to success. Solving this basic problem should be a priority for any future cold‐storage initiative.
Transcranial direct current stimulation over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex improves postural stability in non‐specific chronic low back pain patients with high fear of pain: A randomized sham‐controlled trial
Authors: Ehsani Fatemeh , Masoudi Mona , Hedayati Rozita , Jaberzadeh Shapour 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDeficits in postural stability in response to environmental challenges are seen in chronic low back pain (CLBP) patients with high fear of pain (HFP). Hence, it is essential to follow effective approaches to treat postural stability deficits and improve the health status of these patients. The current study aimed to compare the effects of cathodal and anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (c‐tDCS and a‐tDCS) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on postural stability in non‐specific CLBP patients with HFP. In this randomized clinical trial study, 75 patients were randomly assigned to left DLPFC a‐tDCS, left DLPFC c‐tDCS and sham stimulation groups (n = 25 in each group). All groups received a single‐session 2 mA tDCS for 20 min, but the stimulation was slowly turned off after 30 s in the sham group. Before, immediately, 24 h and 1 week after the interventions, postural stability indices were assessed using a Biodex Balance System. A significant reduction in most indices was shown in both a‐tDCS and c‐tDCS groups after interventions (immediately, 24 h and 1 week follow‐up) during static and dynamic postural tasks compared with the sham tDCS group (p < .01). In addition, some tests showed a significant difference between a‐tDCS and c‐tDCS (p < .05). The findings indicated positive effects of both a‐tDCS and c‐tDCS on the left DLPFC, with more efficacy of a‐tDCS on postural stability in LBP patients with HFP.
RETRACTED: Influence of closed‐incision negative‐pressure wound therapy on the incidence of surgical site wound infection in patients undergoing spine surgery: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Liu Zhi‐Shen , Tian Shao‐Bin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe present meta‐analysis was conducted to comprehensively assess the impact of closed‐incision negative‐pressure wound therapy (ciNPWT) on the incidence of surgical site infections (SSIs) in patients undergoing spinal fusion surgery, thereby aiming to provide evidence‐based support for the prevention of postoperative wound infections during spinal surgery. Relevant studies pertaining to the application of ciNPWT in spinal surgery were retrieved through searches of the PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE and Cochrane Library databases, spanning from their inception to May 2023. The literature screening and data extraction were performed by two researchers based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, followed by a quality assessment of the included studies. Meta‐analyses were performed using the odds ratios (ORs) and standardised mean differences (SMDs) as effect variables. RevMan 14.0 and STATA 17.0 were employed for meta‐analysis of the extracted data. In total, eight articles involving 1198 patients, including 391 in the experimental group and 807 in the control group, were included. The meta‐analysis results revealed that ciNPWT significantly reduced the incidence of SSIs in patients undergoing spinal fusion surgery (OR, 0.39; 95% CI: 0.22–0.67, p = 0.0007); however, it did not lead to a reduction in hospital stay duration (SMD: −0.48, 95% CI: −0.98 to 0.01, p = 0.06). Existing evidence suggests that ciNPWT has a positive impact on patients undergoing spinal fusion surgery, as it significantly reduces the incidence of postoperative surgical site wound infections; however, it does not result in a shorter hospital stay for patients.
Stratum corneum compliance enhances tactile sensitivity through increasing skin deformation: A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sakaguchi Saito , Saito Kaoru , Arakawa Naomi , Konyo Masashi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundTactile sensation plays a crucial role in object manipulation, communication, and even emotional well‐being. It has been reported that the deformability of skin (also described as skin compliance) that shows a large mechanical response to stimuli is associated with high tactile sensitivity. However, although the compliance of the stratum corneum, the outermost layer of skin, can change daily due to skin care and environmental factors, few studies have quantified the effect of the stratum corneum on tactile sensation.AimsWe investigated the changes in tactile sensitivity resulting from skin hydration and identified corresponding alterations in the compliance of the stratum corneum.MethodsA randomized controlled trial was conducted. Participants were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n = 20) that had a moisturizing cream applied to their cheeks or a control group (n = 19) that had Milli‐Q water applied to their cheeks. Tactile discrimination performance was assessed using psychophysical techniques before and after application. The water content, mechanical response characteristics, and penetration of PEG/PPG‐17/4 dimethyl ether from the cream in the stratum corneum were evaluated to identify hydration effects. Skin deformations occurring during tactile sensation were measured concurrently using a suction device employed for tactile stimulation.ResultsTactile sensitivity was increased in participants who had cream applied to the skin surface, while no significant change was observed in participants who received Milli‐Q water. The improved discrimination of tactile stimulus intensity was directly related to the magnitude of skin displacement. The higher water content of the stratum corneum due to cream application decreased the dynamic modulus of elasticity of the stratum corneum and increased the skin's extensibility in response to tactile stimuli.ConclusionsHydrating the stratum corneum significantly enhances tactile sensitivity and is accompanied by an increase in skin extensibility, a factor in tactile intensity perception. The compliance of the thin stratum corneum layer plays a crucial role in tactile experiences that involve skin stretching.
Inequity in end‐of‐life care for patients with chronic liver disease in England
Authors: Woodland Hazel , Buchanan Ryan M. , Pring Andy , Dancox Mark , McCune Anne , Forbes Karen , Verne Julia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsThe World Health Assembly recommends integration of palliative care into treatment of patients with any life‐limiting condition, yet patients with non‐malignant disease are less likely to receive specialist palliative care (SPC). This study compares SPC offered to patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) versus patients with chronic liver disease without HCC (CLD without HCC).MethodsPatients who died from CLD or HCC over 5 years (2013–2017) in England were identified using a dataset linking national data on all hospital admissions (Hospital Episode Statistics – HES) with national mortality data from the Office for National Statistics (HES – ONS). The primary outcome was the proportion of patients who received inpatient SPC in their last year of life (LYOL). Secondary outcomes were (1) early inpatient SPC input and (2) the proportion dying in a hospice. The outcomes were compared between patients with HCC and CLD without HCC.Results29 669 patients were identified, 8143 of whom had HCC. Patients with HCC were significantly more likely to receive inpatient SPC input—adjusted OR 3.74 (95% CI 3.52–3.97) and early inpatient SPC input—adjusted OR 7.26 (95% CI 6.38–8.25) and die in a hospice OR 8.23 (95% CI 7.33–9.24) than patients with CLD without HCC.ConclusionsThese data highlight the stark inequity in access to SPC services between patients with HCC and patients with CLD without HCC in England. Addressing these inequities will improve end‐of‐life care for patients with CLD.
Public expenditure, risk sharing and economic growth
Authors: Zhang Lifeng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe develop an endogenous growth model with expanding variety in which asymmetric information frictions arise when R&D ﬁrms need access to external funding to ﬁnance their R&D investments and public expenditure aﬀects the magnitude of hidden costs, in turn affecting the severity of asymmetric information frictions. We show that public expenditure affects growth by influencing risk sharing, thereby identifying a new channel, unlike the standard mechanism used in the literature that emphasizes the role of public expenditure in directly improving the productivity of the private sector.
Resource nationalism among Russian academics: A centre‐periphery pattern?
Authors: Tinti Alessandro , Basile Linda , Cilento Marco 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUnder Putin's tenure, the geopolitical representation of Russia as an ‘energy superpower’ has become a powerful mainstay for the restoration of a global status and a revanchist foreign policy. This article seeks to assess the extent to which such a nationalist narrative is prevalent among Russian academics in the oil and gas sector. Using a survey administered to research and teaching staff in selected industrial universities in 2021, we found partial confirmation of the relevance of centre‐periphery relations and that nationalist attitudes are aligned with a state‐centric approach. However, this perspective does not necessarily entail opposition to industry privatisation or foreign partnerships. These findings highlight the inadequacy of a simplistic privatisation/nationalisation dichotomy in capturing the hybrid nature of resource governance in petro‐states. Additionally, our study suggests that resource nationalism plays a role in shaping experts' support for the government's energy policy. These findings contribute to the literature on resource nationalism and suggest potential avenues for future research exploring the role of higher education institutions in shaping resource governance.
Activation of receptor‐interacting protein 3‐mediated necroptosis accelerates periodontitis in mice
Authors: Yue Yuan , Chan Weicheng , Zhang Jing , Liu Jie , Wang Min , Hao Liang , Wang Jiajia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the involvement and role of receptor‐interacting protein 3 (RIP3)‐mediated necroptosis in periodontitis.MethodsA periodontitis murine model was established by oral infection with Porphyromonas gingivalis, and activation of necroptosis pathway was identified by immunohistochemistry. Adeno‐associated virus was used to knock down Rip3 and the effect of Rip3 knockdown on periodontal inflammation was examined by Micro‐CT, qRT‐PCR and histological staining. In vitro, P. gingivalis‐LPS was used to infect fibroblast cell line L929 and siRNA was used to knock down Rip3. Necroptosis pathway signalling and inflammation in cells were detected by cell viability and death assay, Western Blot, qRT‐PCR and immunofluorescence analysis.ResultsPhosphorylation of RIP3 and mixed lineage kinase domain‐like protein (MLKL) was increased in the periodontal ligament of mice infected with P. gingivalis. RIP3 knockdown reduced osteoclastogenesis and inflammatory cytokines in the periodontal area, and alleviated alveolar bone loss in vivo. In vitro, P. gingivalis‐LPS‐induced RIP3‐mediated necroptosis in L929 cells, and knockdown of RIP3 by siRNA decreased the expression of inflammatory cytokines.ConclusionRIP3‐mediated necroptosis is activated in periodontitis and blocking necroptosis alleviates disease progression, indicating that RIP3 may be a potential target for periodontitis treatment.
Audiovisual information of oral epithelial dysplasia: Quality, understandability and actionability
Authors: Alamoudi Waleed , Riordain Richeal Ni , Fedele Stefano , Porter Stephen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesOnline information on oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) is insufficient and of low quality. While only written information has been previously assessed, this study aims to evaluate the content and quality of audiovisual (AV) online information about OED.MethodsOne hundred and twenty‐seven materials were initially considered using six key words across two search engines (YouTube and Google). Ultimately, 29 materials remained for the final assessment. These materials were then analysed for content, quality (DISCERN instrument, JAMA benchmarks), understandability and actionability.ResultsMost contents were scientific (n = 25), while three videos were educational, and one video was a personal experience with OED. On a scale of 1–5, the overall DISCERN score was (mean ± SD = 2.26 ± 0.79), suggesting poor quality of information. Regarding JAMA benchmarks, there was no single material that fulfilled or lacked all four benchmarks. The overall mean understandability score was 82% and the actionability mean score was significantly low at 29%.ConclusionAlthough the vast majority of AV materials on OED were primarily produced for scientific purposes, these materials could be helpful as resources for patient education. Keeping in mind, however, that the desired quality and essential patient information about OED available online remains largely poor and missing.
Evaluation of the antiwear‐ability/scratch‐resistance efficacy of makeup products by in vitro test method application
Authors: Jiang Yanwen , Xu Zhongmou , Qiu Yuchen , Chen Gang , Wang Sijing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study is to propose a method for assessing the antiwear‐ability (AW) or surface scratch‐resistance (SR) efficacy of makeup products through in vitro experiments.Materials and methodThe method primarily involves measuring the change in weight as a means of evaluating the overall effectiveness. AW/SR effects are evaluated by applying a fixed amount of makeup product on artificial fake skin and comparing the weight difference after simulated friction/scratch.ResultsThe in vitro results indicate that this method is easy to operate and yields repeatable data. It consistently reflects differences between samples when compared to clinical studies.ConclusionsThis method effectively compares the AW/SR effects of makeup products and demonstrates utility in evaluating product efficacy and difference. It holds great scientific and practical value.