bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eosinophil and mast cell‐derived exosomes promote integrity of intestinal mucosa via the NEAT1/miR‐211‐5p/glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor axis in duodenum
Authors: Wang Jue , Gu Sai , Qin Bo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundExosomes are applied as biomarkers in several diseases according to their disease‐specific profiles. However, the exosomes effects in functional dyspepsia (FD) are still fragmentary. Here we examined the role of Eosinophil and mast cell derived‐exosomes in FD progression.MethodsFifty FD subjects and age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls were included in this retrospective cohort study. Duodenal mucosa and gastric juice were collected to analyze molecular difference. Eosinophil and mast cell were evaluated by immunofluorescence and microarray was subjected to examine the expression levels of NEAT1, miR‐211‐5p, and glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), which were subsequently were tested by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT‐qPCR) validation cohorts. CCK‐8 assays, and wound healing assays were used to evaluate integrity of intestinal mucosal barrier in vitro. Rats' weights and gastric emptying rates were used as evaluation of FD severity in vivo.ResultsEosinophil and mast cell were enriched and secreted more exosomes in duodenal mucosa of FD patients. We identified differential lncRNAs that were consistently and significantly up regulated in FD cases. Of these, NEAT1 was further validated by RT‐qPCR and had closely relationship with GDNF. MiR‐211‐5p level was found to be reduced in FD and negatively related with NEAT1 and GDNF. Furthermore, NEAT1and GDNF relived FD while miR‐211‐5p made symptoms worse. The NEAT1/miR‐211‐5p/GDNF axis had a good predictive ability for FD.ConclusionsThe NEAT1/miR‐211‐5p/GDNF could be a potential FD biomarker.
The effect of an abdominal binder on postoperative outcome after open incisional hernia repair in sublay technique: a multicenter, randomized pilot trial (ABIHR-II)
Authors: Ortiz P. R. , Lorenz E. , Meyer F. , Croner R. , Lünse S. , Hunger R. , Mantke R. , Benz-Weisser A. , Zarras K. , Huenerbein M. , Paasch C. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Although the evidence is minimal, an abdominal binder is commonly prescribed after open incisional hernia repair (IHR) to reduce pain. This study aimed to investigate this common postoperative treatment.

Methods
The ABIHR-II trial was a national prospective, randomized, multicenter non-AMG/MPG pilot study with two groups of patients (wearing an abdominal binder (AB) for 2 weeks during daytime vs. not wearing an AB following open IHR with the sublay technique). Patient enrollment took place from July 2020 to February 2022. The primary endpoint was pain at rest on the 14th postoperative day (POD) using the visual analog scale (VAS). The use of analgesics was not systematically recorded. Mixed-effects linear regression models were used.

Results
A total of 51 individuals were recruited (25 women, 26 men; mean age 61.4 years; mean body mass index 30.65 kg/m2). The per-protocol analysis included 40 cases (AB group, n = 21; No-AB group, n = 19). Neither group showed a significant difference in terms of pain at rest, limited mobility, general well-being, and seroma formation and rate. Patients among the AB group had a significantly lower rate of surgical site infection (SSI) on the 14th POD (AB group 4.8% (n = 1) vs. No-AB group 27.8% (n = 5), p = 0.004).

Conclusion
Wearing an AB did not have an impact on pain and seroma formation rate but it may reduce the rate of postoperative SSI within the first 14 days after surgery. Further trials are mandatory to confirm these findings.
Beyond Animal Husbandry: The Role of Herders Among the Wayuu of Colombia
Authors: Forero Oscar A. , Rúa Bustamante Clara , Zambrano Ortiz Juan Ricardo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe territory of the Wayuu indigenous people comprises a small, low mountain range surrounded by a large desert that extends from Colombia to Venezuela in the Guajira peninsula. In pre-Columbian times, Wayuu livelihoods relied mainly on fishing and hunting in the littoral zone. Following the Spanish conquest, in their fight to maintain their territorial integrity they turned to rearing cattle, goats, and sheep they captured from colonists. They maintained their struggle against colonisation post-independence. In Colombia they have only recently obtained political devolution through legal recognition of their indigenous territories. Their economy now relies on animal husbandry to combat food insecurity. Our ethnographic study of Wayuu pastoralism confirmed our hypothesis that rearing goats and sheep has become integral to maintaining their cultural traditions, and revealed that the role of both male and female herders has become instrumental in their rituals, and integral to maintaining their longstanding patterns of reciprocity.
Anti-PCSK9 Treatment Attenuates Liver Fibrosis via Inhibiting Hypoxia-Induced Autophagy in Hepatocytes
Authors: Ning Liuxin , Zou Yanting , Li Shuyu , Cao Yue , Xu Beili , Zhang Shuncai , Cai Yu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHypoxia and its induced autophagy are involved in the initiation and progression of liver fibrosis. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) has been recognized as a potential regulator of autophagy. Our previously reported study found that PCSK9 expression increased in liver fibrosis and that anti-PCSK9 treatment alleviated liver injury. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of anti-PCSK9 treatment on liver fibrosis by inhibiting hypoxia-induced autophagy. Carbon tetrachloride-induced mouse liver fibrosis and mouse hepatocyte line AML12, cultured under the hypoxic condition, were established to undergo PCSK9 inhibition. The degree of liver fibrosis was shown with histological staining. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was detected by flow cytometry. The expression of PCSK9, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and autophagy-related proteins was examined using Western blot. The autophagic flux was assessed under immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscope. The mouse liver samples were investigated via RNA-sequencing to explore the underlying signaling pathway. The results showed that PCSK9 expression was upregulated with the development of liver fibrosis, which was accompanied by enhanced autophagy. In vitro data verified that PCSK9 increased via hypoxia and inflammation, accompanied by the hypoxia-induced autophagy increased. Then, the validation was acquired of the bidirectional interaction of hypoxia-ROS and PCSK9. The hypoxia reversal attenuated PCSK9 expression and autophagy. Additionally, anti-PCSK9 treatment alleviated liver inflammation and fibrosis, reducing hypoxia and autophagy in vivo. In mechanism, the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway was identified as a target for anti-PCSK9 therapy. In conclusion, anti-PCSK9 treatment could alleviate liver inflammation and fibrosis by regulating AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway to reduce hypoxia-induced autophagy in hepatocytes.
Embedding plural values in value chains to enhance sustainability in the management of cork oak landscapes
Authors: Sørensen Irene Holm , Torralba Mario , Muñoz-Rojas José , Kristensen Lone Søderkvist , Plieninger Tobias 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Context
The management of Portuguese agroforestry landscapes is currently focused on specialised cork and cattle production. Sustainable landscape management is increasingly discussed as an effective option to foster the multifunctionality of these landscapes. Such management requires consideration of multiple values connected to the landscape and to the products stemming from it.

Objectives
The aim of this study is to (1) assess the importance of specific values related to cork and to the cork production landscapes, (2) analyse how values differ across the value chain actors, and (3) compare the types of values associated to cork and the cork production landscapes.

Methods
We combine value chain analysis with the concept of plural valuation in order to illuminate the values amongst value chain actors. We conducted interviews with 62 actors divided across the value chain using a semi-structured questionnaire.

Results
We found that a broad range of instrumental, intrinsic and relational values were expressed by our respondents. Our results show an imbalance between the perception of the ecosystem health expressed by actors involved in the industrial transformation of cork compared to those directly involved with the landscape. This imbalance shows the necessity to find a common management ideal for cork production landscapes favouring multifunctionality.

Conclusions
Our study shows the relevance of considering plural values when planning and implementing sustainable landscape management. Integrated into a landscape approach, value chain analysis is useful in reaching actors in order to uncover different points of view towards a single landscape. Our study suggests that focusing on the multifunctional nature of the cork production landscapes may be key in ensuring a sustainable future for this social-ecological system.
Universal Prototype Transport for Zero-Shot Action Recognition and Localization
Authors: Mettes Pascal 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis work addresses the problem of recognizing action categories in videos when no training examples are available. The current state-of-the-art enables such a zero-shot recognition by learning universal mappings from videos to a semantic space, either trained on large-scale seen actions or on objects. While effective, we find that universal action and object mappings are biased to specific regions in the semantic space. These biases lead to a fundamental problem: many unseen action categories are simply never inferred during testing. For example on UCF-101, a quarter of the unseen actions are out of reach with a state-of-the-art universal action model. To that end, this paper introduces universal prototype transport for zero-shot action recognition. The main idea is to re-position the semantic prototypes of unseen actions by matching them to the distribution of all test videos. For universal action models, we propose to match distributions through a hyperspherical optimal transport from unseen action prototypes to the set of all projected test videos. The resulting transport couplings in turn determine the target prototype for each unseen action. Rather than directly using the target prototype as final result, we re-position unseen action prototypes along the geodesic spanned by the original and target prototypes as a form of semantic regularization. For universal object models, we outline a variant that defines target prototypes based on an optimal transport between unseen action prototypes and object prototypes. Empirically, we show that universal prototype transport diminishes the biased selection of unseen action prototypes and boosts both universal action and object models for zero-shot classification and spatio-temporal localization.
Identifying Cigarette Smoking Trajectories from Homelessness to Housing
Authors: Harris Taylor , Semborski Sara , Unger Jennifer , Chou Chih-Ping , Wenzel Suzanne 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study examines cigarette smoking trajectories from homelessness to housing and assesses demographic and clinical characteristics associated with multiple longitudinal smoking behavior patterns. Data were drawn from a longitudinal prospective cohort study of 421 adults experiencing homelessness who entered permanent supportive housing (PSH). Four quantitative surveys (baseline [while homeless], 3-, 6-, and 12 months post-housing) gathered participants’ smoking frequency used for Repeated Measure Latent Class Analysis (RMLCA), which identified subgroups that share longitudinal smoking behavior patterns. Baseline and time-varying demographic, mental health (e.g., schizophrenia), and substance use (e.g., cannabis use) measures were examined as correlates of class membership. RMLCA estimates supported a three-class model: (1) mixed-frequency decreasers (n = 71): who smoked at differing frequencies while demonstrating a significant decrease over time; (2) high-frequency maintainers (n = 194): participants who smoked daily/almost-daily and maintained this smoking rate across waves; and (3) low-frequency increasers (n = 56): participants who generally were non-smokers at baseline and significantly increased to monthly or weekly consumption longitudinally. Compared to Black and African American participants, Hispanic and Latino participants had greater odds of low-frequency increaser and mixed-frequency decreaser membership. Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder diagnoses increased odds of high-frequency maintainer membership compared to the two less-frequent-using subgroups. Cannabis use increased longitudinally and was associated with greater odds of high-frequency maintainer membership. This is the first study to find smoking changes from homelessness to housing. While encouraging that some residents reduce their smoking post-housing, many maintained high smoking rates. Cessation services that address mental health and co-occurring substance use within PSH are warranted.
Losing Control in Controlled Settings: Preclinical Human Research on Impulsivity Within the Context of Addiction
Authors: Gullo Matthew J. , Loxton Natalie J. , Lindsay Hannah J. , Mendes Renata Almeida 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Impulsivity has long been recognized as a risk factor for addiction. The mechanisms through which impulsivity increases risk remain unclear, hindering development of effective impulsivity-targeted addiction treatments. Preclinical human research is ideally placed to isolate these mechanisms because of the experimental control afforded by the laboratory. This review summarizes recent preclinical human studies on impulsivity and addiction that are focused on alcohol use or food consumption/overeating.

Recent Findings
The emergence of laboratory paradigms specifically modeling impulsive consumption is a promising development, especially paradigms capable of manipulating impulsivity to test causation. Collectively, this evidence highlights the importance of reward mechanisms in impulsivity-related alcohol and food consumption.

Summary
Findings suggest that impulsivity-targeted addiction interventions may be enhanced by widening the current focus on disinhibition-related mechanisms to include reward drive. Preclinical models of impulsive consumption could be utilized to pilot candidate pharmacological and psychosocial therapeutics on causal mechanisms, informing the next generation of impulsivity-targeted treatment.
Tumor enlargement in adrenal incidentaloma is related to glaucoma: a new prognostic feature?
Authors: Caputo M. , Daffara T. , Ferrero A. , Romanisio M. , Monti E. , Mele C. , Zavattaro M. , Tricca S. , Siani A. , Clemente A. , Palumbo C. , De Cillà S. , Carriero A. , Volpe A. , Marzullo P. , Aimaretti G. , Prodam F. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The uncertainty on the management of small adrenal incidentalomas (AIs) still represents a challenge in real clinical practice. Considering the lack of knowledge on risk factors implicated in tumour enlargement, the aim of this study was to identify risk factors for morphological changes during follow-up of adrenal incidentalomas (AIs).

Methods
We retrospectively evaluated demographic, clinical, radiological and biochemical parameters of 153 AIs (2007–2021). Patients with histological diagnosis of metastases or pheochromocytoma were excluded. To detect risk factors for tumor enlargement, diseases associated with AIs were included if their prevalence was higher than 2%. Patients were divided into two groups (A: radiological stability; B: tumor enlargement defined as > 5 mm/year in the main diameter).

Results
Group A: 89.5% and group B: 10.5%, mean follow-up 38.6 ± 6.9 months (range 6–240). Tumor enlargement when occurred was within 36 months of follow-up. In group B high body weight (p < 0.03), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) (p < 0.05) and direct renin concentration (DRC) (p < 0.04) were higher than group A, while aldosterone levels were lower; moreover, considering comorbidities, glaucoma and dysglycemia (p < 0.01 for both) had higher prevalence in group B. Glaucoma and dysglycemia were independent predictors of enlargement. Patients affected by glaucoma, atrial fibrillation, dysglycemia had a lower dimensional change-free survival than non-affected.

Conclusions
Glaucoma might be a novel risk factor for AI enlargement. If subtle undetectable cortisol hypersecretion has a role is a topic for further research.
Caratteristiche ecografiche fisiologiche dell’ovaio nei soggetti sani: revisione sistematica della letteratura e meta-analisi a cura della Società Italiana di Ginecologia e Ostetricia (SIGO) e della Società Italiana di Endocrinologia (SIE)
Authors: Ravelli Serena Anna , Maseroli Elisa 
Published: July 2023

SommarioIn considerazione della mancanza di uniformità nella definizione dei parametri di normalità dell’ecografia ovarica, lo scopo del lavoro era quello di raccogliere e meta-analizzare le evidenze disponibili sull’argomento. Sono stati identificati tramite MEDLINE e Embase gli articoli pertinenti pubblicati fino al 31 dicembre 2020 e ottenuti dati per la meta-analisi sui seguenti elementi: conta follicolare ovarica, volume ovarico e indice Doppler di pulsatilità dell’arteria ovarica (PI). Sono stati inclusi studi di coorte, trasversali e prospettici con braccio singolo o doppio, mentre gli studi interventistici sono stati inseriti nel caso fornissero dati al baseline. Sono stati valutati articoli sia su donne in pre-menopausa che in menopausa, ma il numero di studi sulle donne in menopausa non è risultato sufficiente per condurre una meta-analisi. Gli studi sui soggetti prepuberi sono stati considerati separatamente. In totale, nella meta-analisi sono stati inclusi 81 studi. Il volume medio ovarico è risultato di 6,11 ml [5,81–6,42] nelle donne sane in età riproduttiva, e di 1,67 ml [1,02–2,32] nelle ragazze in età prepubere. In età fertile, la conta follicolare media era 8,04 [7,26–8,82] quando calcolata sull’intero ovaio, e 5,88 [5,20–6,56] quando ottenuta su una sezione ovarica, mentre il PI ovarico medio è risultato pari a 1,86 [1,35–2,37]. L’età della donna e la frequenza della sonda ecografica hanno mostrato di influenzare in parte questi valori. In particolare, il gruppo 25–30 anni presentava la conta follicolare più alta (9,27 [7,71–10,82]) ed è stata osservata una progressiva riduzione in parallelo all’aumentare dell’età (5,67 [2,23–9,12] in donne fertili di età >35 anni). È stata inoltre riscontrata una differenza significativa nella conta follicolare ovarica in rapporto al limite superiore di MHz della sonda ecografica. I risultati di questa meta-analisi forniscono informazioni significative per migliorare l’interpretazione e l’accuratezza diagnostica dei parametri ecografici ovarici in differenti condizioni, sia fisiologiche che patologiche.
Nine Point Bending Test Technique for Understanding of Sintered Silver Die Bonding Failure Mechanism
Authors: Wakamoto K. , Fuji K. , Otsuka T. , Nakahara K. , Namazu T. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The Sintered silver (s–Ag) die degradation is commonly evaluated by thermal shocked test (TST), which evaluates the material’s durability against a heating/cooling cycle. Materials with different coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) give rise to thermal out-of-plane deformation surrounding the bonding part, which deteriorates s–Ag die part by repeated thermal and mechanical stress during TST. For the safe and reliable design of s–Ag die toward long-term durability, the contribution of thermal and mechanical stresses to degradation should be understood separately. Clarify the overall s–Ag die degradation mechanism during TST compared to the new mechanical bending test that can apply out-of-plane deformation. The authors propose a new mechanical bending test technique, called the nine-point bending (NBT) test, which can provide out-of-plane deformation with a s–Ag die-attached specimen as TST like. By comparing NBT and TST, the degradation mechanism of the s–Ag die-attach element can be understood from both thermal and mechanical aspects. In scanning acoustic tomography (SAT) analysis, a similar degradation ratio between NBT and TST is obtained, which indicates that mechanical stress plays a significant role in deteriorating s–Ag die layer in TST. After 1000 cycles, however, cracking and s–Ag material aging coexist in TST only, destabilizing s–Ag die fracture. s–Ag main degradation cause in TST is clarified with mechanical stress by comparing NBT. In addition, thermally material aging destabilized the s–Ag degradation during TST.
Associations of sarcopenia with peak expiratory flow among community-dwelling elderly population: based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS)
Authors: He Yun-Yun , Jin Mei-Ling , Chang Jing , Wang Xiao-Juan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To cross-sectionally and longitudinally investigate the correlations of sarcopenia and its components with peak expiratory flow (PEF) among Chinese community-dwelling elderly people.

Methods
The data were extracted from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). A total of 4053 participants aged ≥ 60 years were enrolled from CHARLS 2011, and 2810 were followed up until 2015. Participants were classified into no-sarcopenia, non-severe sarcopenia, and severe sarcopenia groups based on skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), hand grip strength (HGS), and physical performance [gait speed, five-repetition chair stand test (5CST) and short physical performance battery (SPPB)]. Multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the associations of sarcopenia and its components with PEF cross-sectionally and longitudinally.

Results
In the cross-sectional analysis, the prevalence of non-severe sarcopenia was 14.6% and severe sarcopenia was 4.9%. The results of linear regression analysis revealed that sarcopenia and its components were all correlated with PEF and PEF%pred. In the longitudinal analysis, compared with non-sarcopenia, subjects with severe sarcopenia were associated with a higher risk of PEF (OR = 2.05, 95%CI = 1.30–3.26) and PEF%pred (OR = 1.83, 95%CI = 1.17–2.86) decline. The changes in physical performance were correlated with changes in PEF and PEF%pred. No associations were observed between changes in SMI and PEF as well as PEF%pred.

Conclusions
We demonstrated the associations of baseline sarcopenia status with PEF and longitudinal PEF decline. Also, the changes in physical performance were associated with changes in PEF during a 4-year follow-up. It indicates that improving sarcopenia, especially physical performance may increase PEF.
Chinese perceptions of the EU: the impact of social media use
Authors: Zhang Caiyi , Kübler Daniel , Dong Lisheng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWith the rise of China and the deepening of China-EU interactions, it is crucial for both China and the EU to know the Chinese public perceptions of the EU and what factors influence the formation of perceptions, to enhance mutual understanding. Given the increasing role of social media in the political process, this study hypothesizes that social media use is a strong predictor for Chinese public perceptions of the EU and China-EU relations. We analyze the effects by utilizing original public opinion survey data collected in China in 2020. Our findings show that social media use as well as socioeconomic factors together predict Chinese public perceptions of the EU and China-EU relations. However, social media use effects vary across different social media platforms.