bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Directional predictability and volatility spillover effect from stock market indexes to Bitcoin: evidence from developed and emerging markets
Authors: Omri Imen 
Published: January 2023

PurposeThis paper aims to quantify the volatility spillover impact and the directional predictability from stock market indexes to Bitcoin.Design/methodology/approachDaily data of 15 developed and 15 emerging stock markets are used for the period March 2017–December 2021.; The author uses vector autoregressive (VAR) model, Granger causality test and impulse response function (IRF) to estimate the results of the study.FindingsEmpirical results show a significant unidirectional volatility spillover impact from emerging markets to Bitcoin and only six stock markets are powerful predictors of Bitcoin return in the short term. Additionally, there is no a difference between developed and developing markets regarding the directional predictability however there is difference in the reaction of Bitcoin return to shocks in the emerging markets compared to developed ones.Originality/valueThe paper proposes different econometric techniques from prior research and presents a comparative analysis between developed and emerging markets.
The decade long story of gender equality and female empowerment: a case study of corporate disclosures in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Nasrallah Wafa 
Published: January 2023

Purpose
This study deviates from the predominantly feminist/critical school of thought associated with existing gender studies to apply an interpretivist approach to investigate gender-reporting practices in Saudi Arabia, an Islamic country in the Gulf region and one of the fast-moving emerging economies both in the Middle East and globally. The purpose of this study is to investigate the extent of reporting on gender and the drivers behind this practice using the content analysis method.

Design/methodology/approach
This study contributes to the literature by adopting a rarely used three-lens conceptual framework to expand our understanding of reporting on gender in Saudi Arabia. Eleven companies were chosen based on their voluntary corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosures in Saudi Arabia. The CSR and annual reports of selected companies were analysed using NVIVO Pro 11.

Findings
The results indicate that gender disclosures in the Saudi context are driven by legislation, location and international reporting frameworks. Although the number of disclosures increased over time, they were not adopted consistently and systematically because of their voluntary nature.

Research limitations/implications
The first limitation is the disadvantage associated with interpretivism related to the subjective nature of the investigation and room for bias, and hence, the results cannot be generalised. The second limitation is the sample size; future investigations may increase the sample size by including other service and manufacturing sector firms to have more comprehensive insights.

Practical implications
This study contributes to the literature by providing evidence suggesting that in Saudi Arabia, state legislation is the driving force behind reporting on gender issues. Although workplace disclosures dominate, companies are opening dialogues with other stakeholders (especially the community) by disclosing performance data, and thus emphasising their commitment to this social change.

Social implications
This empirical contribution to the CSR literature will provide rich historical and interpretive data on the emergence of gender transformation in society, and how that is reflected in corporate reports, thus, contributing to the understanding of the purpose of voluntary disclosures.

Originality/value
Employee-related disclosures in corporate reports are very common. However, issues such as diversity and equal opportunities tend to be overlooked. This study explores gender equality and female empowerment disclosures and practices in the emerging market of Saudi Arabia while focusing on whether the social, political and legal changes in Saudi Arabian society have affected these disclosures in corporate reports. There is a lack of qualitative analysis of gender disclosers globally and in emerging economies particularly.
Civic education and voting intentions among the electorate: the roles of attitudes towards voting behaviour and educational level
Authors: Otache Innocent , Alfa Innocent Patrick , Ali Yakubu 
Published: January 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this study is threefold: first, to determine whether civic education has a positive impact on voting intentions among the electorate; second, to establish whether attitudes towards voting behaviour (ATVB) mediate the relationship between civic education and voting intentions; and third, to determine whether educational level moderates the relationship between civic education and voting intentions.

Design/methodology/approach
This study adopted a survey research design and a quantitative approach. Data were collected from a sample of 1,450 registered voters from the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria. A regression-based approach was adopted to test the study hypotheses using Hayes-PROCESS Macro 3.5.

Findings
The results indicate that civic education is positively associated with voting intentions. Further analysis reveals that ATVB significantly mediates the association between civic education and voting intentions. Additionally, educational level positively moderates the relationship between civic education and voting intentions.

Practical implications
The findings offer implications for governments and democratic institutions.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to provide empirical evidence of the mediating effect of ATVB and the moderating effect of educational level on the relationship between civic education and voting intentions. This study provides useful insights into the factors that influence voting intentions.
Oil dependency, political institutions, and urban–rural disparities in access to electricity in Africa
Authors: Totouom Armand 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn line with the resource curse literature, this paper examines the effect of oil dependency on the disparities in access to electricity between urban and rural areas in Africa, conditional on the quality of political institutions. Based on data from 36 African countries over the period 2000–2017, our investigation suggests that oil rents (% of GDP) increase urban–rural disparities in access to electricity. However, the quality of institutions shapes the effect of oil dependency on these disparities. Specifically, a 10% increase in the institutional quality score reduces the adverse effects of oil rent on electricity access disparity by around 19%, and the negative impact of oil dependency on urban–rural disparities is reversed when institutional quality reaches a score of 52% on a scale from 0 to 100. The robustness tests support these results and call for strengthening the quality of institutions to overcome the resource curse in Africa.
Spatial and temporal dynamics of the urban heat island effect in a small Brazilian city
Authors: Ribeiro Maria Clara Aparecida , Pinton Leandro de Godoi , Cardoso Renata dos Santos , Amorim Margarete Cristiane de Costa Trindade 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study examined the spatial and temporal patterns of the canopy layer urban heat islands (UHIUCL) in a small city in southeastern Brazil using the local climate zone (LCZ) system. We analysed the influence of weather conditions, LCZs characteristics, and local surface relief on the UHIUCL magnitudes. Mobile traverses were used to measure air temperatures during representative nights of wet and dry seasons. Daily maximum magnitudes were observed in compact classes (LCZs 3 and 7) under ideal weather conditions (dry, clear skies, and calm) and higher anthropogenic heat release (weekdays). Seasonal effects on LCZ thermal differences were negligible. The peripheral landscapes were warmer than the city centre in both seasons. Among the warmer areas in the city, magnitudes in compact LCZs 3 and 7 were consistently higher than in LCZ 6. In general, representative sites of the main ‘built’ LCZs in the study area exhibit similar inter‐zone temperature patterns to those reported for cities of different sizes from tropical and midlatitude regions. Thermal contrasts of ΔTLCZ 3 − D in the study area reveal significant evidence that small cities can have as strong heat islands as bigger cities. These findings highlight the importance of the LCZ system to identify the main controlling factors driving such thermal differences and the need to extend the application of this approach in other South American cities to yield systematic data of UHIUCL for urban planning given the coming challenges of climate change over the region.
A management proposition to preserve functional identity of grasses in mixed swards
Authors: Duchini Paulo Gonçalves , Guzatti Gabriela Cristina , Schmitt Daniel , Echeverria Joilson Roda , Américo Luana Fidelis , Werner Simone Silmara , Sbrissia André Fischer 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe diversity of traits plays a key role in the maximization of ecosystems' multi‐functionality, but interspecific competition in defoliated swards can lead to unpredictable changes in the functional traits over the plant community. However, we hypothesize that interrupting canopy regrowth at a height corresponding to critical leaf area index (LAI), associated with moderate intensity of defoliation, can be an effective management to preserve the functional traits of contrasting growth strategy grasses cultivated as a mixture. A 2‐year experiment was conceived to assess continuously several traits of three cool‐season perennial grasses (Arrhenatherum elatius [exploitative], Dactylis glomerata [moderately exploitative] and Festuca arundinacea [conservative]) cultivated as single species stand or as a mixture. Dactylis glomerata was the less productive stand but no difference was observed between the mixture and the most productive monocultures. No change was observed in functional traits, whether the species were cultivated as monoculture or as a mixture. The dissimilarities over traits and, therefore, the functional identity of contrasting growth strategy grasses growing in multi‐specific swards was preserved when canopy regrowth was interrupted at a height corresponding to the critical LAI associated with moderate intensity of defoliation. Since the diversity of traits maximizes ecosystem multi‐functionality, our findings provide a step forward towards designing management practices that enhance ecosystems services delivered by cultivated multi‐specific grasslands.
Impact of the interactive and diagnostic uses of performance measurement systems on procedural fairness perception, cooperation and performance in supply alliances
Authors: Mahama Habib , Wang Zhichao (Alex) 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe examine the effects of interactive and diagnostic uses of performance measurement systems (PMSs) on two behavioural factors (procedural fairness perception and cooperation) in inter‐firm alliances. We further investigate whether the two behavioural factors mediate the relationship between PMS uses and alliance performance. We find that both interactive and diagnostic uses of PMS are significantly related to procedural fairness perception but only the interactive use is significantly related to cooperation. The relationships between the two uses of PMS and alliance performance are serially mediated by procedural fairness perception and cooperation. These findings contribute to management accounting studies in inter‐firm alliances.
Director expertise and co‐option in industry superannuation funds?
Authors: Yang Jin Sug , Bedford Anna , Bugeja Martin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study examines whether independent directors who possess financial expertise and are independent from the CEO (i.e., non‐co‐opted) are associated with improved outcomes for industry superannuation funds. Our results highlight that independence alone is insufficient to improve fund outcomes. Instead, we find that only non‐co‐opted independent directors benefit fund members in terms of higher performance and lower fees. Moreover, we find that independent directors' financial expertise is not associated with fund performance and fees. Our study has implications for regulators and superannuation funds who are currently debating the need for one‐third independent directors on the board of Australian superannuation funds.
Machine learning with neuroimaging biomarkers: Application in the diagnosis and prediction of drug addiction
Authors: Yang Longtao , Du Yanyao , Yang Wenhan , Liu Jun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDrug abuse is a serious problem worldwide. Owing to intermittent intake of certain substances and the early inconspicuous clinical symptoms, this brings huge challenges for timely diagnosing addiction status and preventing substance use disorders (SUDs). As a non‐invasive technique, neuroimaging can capture neurobiological signatures of abnormality in multiple brain regions caused by drug consumption in each clinical stage, like parenchymal morphology alteration as well as aberrant functional activity and connectivity of cerebral areas, making it realizable to diagnosis, prediction and even preemptive therapy of addiction. Machine learning (ML) algorithms primarily used for classification have been extensively applied in analysing medical imaging datasets. Significant neurobiological characteristics employed and revealed by classifiers were used to diagnose addictive states and predict initiation and vulnerability to drug usage, treatment abstinence, relapse and resilience of addicts and the risk of SUD. In this review, we summarize application of ML methods in neuroimaging focusing on addicts' diagnosis of clinical status and risk prediction and elucidate the discriminative neurobiological features from brain electrophysiological, morphological and functional perspectives that contribute most to the classifier, finally highlighting the auxiliary role of ML in addiction treatment.
Peer Innovation Tone and Corporate Innovation Adjustments: Evidence from China*
Authors: Liu Zhiqiang , Rao Pingui , Wang Xinlu , Yue Raymon 
Published: January 2023

AbstractUsing textual information regarding innovation in the annual reports of Chinese listed firms for the period from 2007 to 2019, we examine how firms alter their innovation activities in response to the tone of peer firms' discussions of innovation in their annual reports (“innovation tone”). We find that a positive innovation tone in peer firms' annual reports results in a significant reduction in R&D investments by the focal firm, especially when such a tone pertains to the future. Our cross‐sectional analyses show that peers' innovation tone strongly affects R&D investments when the focal firm operates in a non‐high‐tech or highly competitive industry, or is readily willing to adjust its innovation strategy. Further investigation shows that the marginal benefits of a focal firm's R&D investments decline when annual peer reports adopt relatively positive innovation tones. Our results enrich the literature on the peer effects of textual information on innovation and have implications for firms' innovation strategies.
Fatal and near‐fatal anaphylaxis: The Allergy‐Vigilance® Network data (2002–2020)
Authors: Pouessel Guillaume , Alonzo Sabrina , Divaret‐Chauveau Amandine , Dumond Pascale , Bradatan Eléna , Liabeuf Valérie , Beaumont Pascale , Tscheiller Sélina , Diesnis Rémy , Renaudin Jean‐Marie , Sabouraud‐Leclerc Dominique ,   the Allergy‐Vigilance® Network
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundHaving a better understanding of the risk factors of severe anaphylaxis is a crucial challenge for physicians.MethodsTo retrospectively analyse fatal/near‐fatal anaphylaxis cases recorded by the Allergy‐Vigilance® Network (2002–2020) and evaluate the characteristics associated with survival, age and allergens.ResultsAmong the 3510 anaphylaxis cases documented in the network, 70 (2%) patients (males: 57%; mean age: 35.4 y) presented grade 4 (Ring‐Messmer) anaphylaxis and 25 died (19 food‐related); 33% had a history of asthma. The main allergens were food (60%; peanut, 20%; milks, 11%) involved in 25/26 cases in children and in 17/44 (39%) cases in adults. Non‐food anaphylaxis was related to drugs/latex (24%; neuromuscular blocking agents, 10%; betalactamins, 6%), Hymenoptera (16%). Three food‐related cases (one death) occurred during oral food challenge in children. Patients with a food allergy were younger (22.2 years vs. 55 years, p < .001), had more likely a history of asthma (50% vs. 7%; p < .001), a pre‐existing allergy (62% vs. 18%; p < .001) compared with other allergies. A cofactor was identified in 35 cases (50%) but predominantly in adults as opposed to children (64% vs. 27%; p = .01). The patients who died were younger (25.6 vs. 40.8 years; p = .01) than the survivors and mostly presented bronchospasm (56% vs. 29%; p = .05). Gaps in the prevention and management of anaphylaxis were noted in 15 cases (21%).ConclusionsSevere food anaphylaxis has specific features compared with other causes such as young age, asthma history and exercise. Food is also involved in severe anaphylaxis in adults that should not be underestimated.
(Mal)nutrition in critical illness and beyond: a narrative review
Authors: Pohlenz‐Saw J. A. E. , Merriweather J. L. , Wandrag L. 
Published: January 2023

SummaryClose liaison with ICU‐trained dietitians and early initiation of nutrition is a fundamental principle of care of critically ill patients– this should be done while monitoring closely for refeeding syndrome. Enteral nutrition delivered by volumetric pumps should be used where possible, though parenteral nutrition should be started early in patients with high nutritional risk factors. Malnutrition and loss of muscle mass are common in patients who are admitted to ICUs and are prognostic for patient‐centred outcomes including complications and mortality. Obesity is part of that story, and isocaloric and high‐protein provision of nutrition is important in this group of patients who comprise a growing proportion of people treated. Assessing protein stores and appropriate dosing is, however, challenging in all groups of patients. It would be beneficial to develop strategies to reduce muscle wasting as well; various strategies including amino acid supplementation, ketogenic nutrition and exercise have been trialled, but the quality of data has been inadequate to address this phenomenon. Nutritional targets are rarely achieved in practice, and all ICUs should incorporate clear guidelines to help address this. These should include local nutritional and fasting guidelines and for the management of feed intolerance, early access to post‐pyloric feeding and a multidisciplinary framework to support the importance of nutritional education.
Workplace learning and development of people with limited work capacity
Authors: van Ruitenbeek Gemma M. C. , Zijlstra Fred R. H. , Hülsheger Ute R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWorkplace learning and development is crucial for sustained employability, especially for people with limited work capacity (LWC). We explored the development in cognitive functioning and work behaviour of people with LWC and to which extent this is moderated by workplace acceptance and support. As suggested in literature, acceptance and support concern pre‐conditions for development. Therefore, we expected them to influence the development of our target group. In total, 182 people with LWC and 172 workplace mentors provided data on dimensions of cognitive functioning and work behaviour on three time‐points over 4 months. Furthermore, people with LWC provided data on workplace acceptance and support.Results showed significant development over time for both, self‐ and observer‐rated cognitive functioning, such as planning and organising, learning and memory, problem solving, and for self‐rated adaptability and concentration. Development over time emerged for the self‐rated work pace, a work behaviour dimension. Moreover, the growth curves on self‐rated variables such as learning and memory, work accuracy, social behaviour and work pace were moderated by workplace acceptance and support. This study provides initial insight into growth patterns of cognitive functioning and work behaviour of people with LWC and illustrates the relevance of a supportive climate for development.
Risk of severe and opportunistic infections and the impact of SARS‐COV‐2 on this risk in a nationwide cohort of patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Khan Nabeel , Mahmud Nadim , Patel Manthankumar , Sundararajan Ramaswamy , Reinisch Walter 
Published: January 2023

SummaryBackgroundThe Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) patients have adopted lifestyle modifications to prevent infection via SARS COV‐2.AimsThis study aims to examine rate of serious infections and opportunistic infections in the pre‐pandemic and pandemic period, and to analyse if the risk associated with medications used to treat IBD were potentially modified by associated change in lifestyle.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients from the US national Veteran Affairs Healthcare System (VAHS). Patients were stratified into two groups: pre‐pandemic (prior to SARS COV‐2 pandemic) and pandemic (during SARS COV‐2 pandemic) and outcomes were measured in these groups. Primary outcome was occurrence of any serious infection. Secondary outcome was occurrence of any opportunistic infection.ResultsThere were 17,202 IBD patients in the pre‐pandemic era and 15,903 patients in the pandemic era. The pre‐pandemic era had a significantly higher proportion of serious infections relative to the pandemic era (5.1% vs. 4.4%, p = 0.002). The proportion of opportunistic infections were similar between pre‐pandemic and pandemic eras (0.3% vs. 0.3%, p = 0.82). Relative to 5‐ASA, patients taking anti‐TNF (HR = 1.50 (1.31–1.72)), anti‐TNF+TP (HR = 1.56 (1.24–1.95)) or vedolizumab (HR = 1.81 (1.49–2.20)) had an increased hazard of serious infection (p > 0.001).ConclusionIn a nationwide cohort of IBD patients, we found that risk of serious infections could possibly be affected by behavioural modifications due to SARS‐COV‐2 pandemic.
Relative Contrast Estimation and Inference for Treatment Recommendation
Authors: Liang Muxuan , Yu Menggang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
When there are resource constraints, it may be necessary to rank individualized treatment benefits to facilitate the prioritization of assigning different treatments. Most existing literature on individualized treatment rules targets absolute conditional treatment effect differences as a metric for the benefit. However, there can be settings where relative differences may better represent such benefit. In this paper, we consider modeling such relative differences formed as scale-invariant contrasts between the conditional treatment effects. By showing that all scale-invariant contrasts are monotonic transformations of each other, we posit a single index model for a particular relative contrast. We then characterize semiparametric estimating equations, including the efficient score, to estimate index parameters. To achieve semiparametric efficiency, we propose a two-step approach that minimizes a doubly robust loss function for initial estimation and then performs a one-step efficiency augmentation procedure. Careful theoretical and numerical studies are provided to show the superiority of our proposed approach.