bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient characteristics in sepsis-related deaths: prevalence of advanced frailty, comorbidity, and age in a Norwegian hospital trust
Authors: Torvik Marianne Ask , Nymo Stig Haugset , Nymo Ståle Haugset , Bjørnsen Lars Petter , Kvarenes Hanne Winge , Ofstad Eirik Hugaas 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective
To examine the prevalence of advanced frailty, comorbidity, and age among sepsis-related deaths in an adult hospital population.

Methods
Retrospective chart reviews of deceased adults within a Norwegian hospital trust, with a diagnosis of infection, over 2 years (2018–2019). The likelihood of sepsis-related death was evaluated by clinicians as sepsis-related, possibly sepsis-related, or not sepsis-related.

Results
Of 633 hospital deaths, 179 (28%) were sepsis-related, and 136 (21%) were possibly sepsis-related. Among these 315 patients whose deaths were sepsis-related or possibly sepsis-related, close to three in four patients (73%) were either 85 years or older, living with severe frailty (Clinical Frailty Scale, CFS, score of 7 or more), or an end-stage condition prior to the admission. Among the remaining 27%, 15% were either 80–84 years old, living with frailty corresponding to a CFS score of 6, or severe comorbidity, defined as 5 points or more on the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). The last 12% constituted the presumably healthiest cluster, but in this group as well, the majority died with limitations of care due to their premorbid functional status and/ or comorbidity. Findings remained stable if the population was limited to sepsis-related deaths on clinicians’ reviews or those fulfilling the Sepsis-3 criteria.

Conclusions
Advanced frailty, comorbidity, and age were predominant in hospital fatalities where infection contributed to death, with or without sepsis. This is of importance when considering sepsis-related mortality in similar populations, the applicability of study results to everyday clinical work, and future study designs.
Comparative Analysis of Five Kinetic Models for Prediction of Methane Yield
Authors: Roberts S. , Mathaka N. , Zeleke M. A. , Nwaigwe K. N. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA work on the analysis of five kinetic models for predicting methane yield is presented. The selected five common models for predicting methane yield include Gompertz, logistic, first-order, Richards and transfert models. Anaerobic digestion of orange and banana peels was simulated using the selected models. A comparative analysis of the models was carried out to determine the best-fit model. When predicting the methane yield of banana peels, all models reached a maximum of 99.23% and the model which was most accurate was the Gompertz model with 76% cumulative deviation and the least accurate model was the transfert model with 274.7% cumulative deviation. The prediction of methane yield on orange peels was 99.49% accurate for all models having the most accurate model being the Gompertz and first-order kinetic model with a cumulative deviation of 20.67% and the least accurate model being the transfert model with a cumulative deviation of 112%. This work presents the simulation considerations and application for each model.
The effective monoids of some blow-ups of Hirzebruch surfaces
Authors: Andablo-Reyes G. , De La Rosa-Navarro B. L. , Lahyane M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe mainly give a numerical condition to ensure the finite generation of the effective monoids of some smooth projective rational surfaces. These surfaces are constructed from the blow-up of any fixed Hirzebruch surface at some special configurations of ordinary points. Under this numerical condition, we determine explicitly the list of all $$(-1)$$

(
-
1
)

and $$(-2)$$

(
-
2
)

-curves. In particular, we complete a result obtained by Harbourne (Duke Math J 52(1):129–148, 1985) and another result obtained by the third author (C R Math 338(11):873–878, 2004). Moreover, the Cox rings of these surfaces are finitely generated. Our ground field is assumed to be algebraically closed of any characteristic.
CFD-based investigation on the flow of Bingham plastic fluids through $$90^\circ$$ bends
Authors: Csizmadia P. , Till S. , Paál Gy. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper, CFD-based results are presented on the estimation of losses in bends with validated numerical models for single-phase, incompressible Bingham fluids. Five fittings were investigated: $$90^\circ$$

90
∘

bends of different R/D ratios between 1 and 10. Bingham plastic fluids were studied with Hedström numbers in the wide range from 1 to $$10^9$$

10
9

. Loss coefficients are given as the function of the generalized Reynolds number ($${\textrm{Re}_\textrm{gen}}=$$

Re
gen

=

0.1–17 800) and the generalized Dean number ($${\textrm{De}_\textrm{gen}}=$$

De
gen

=

0.1–12 600). The paper presents friction factors as well that were consistent with the literature. It was shown that at low generalized Dean numbers of $${\textrm{De}_\textrm{gen}}< 40$$

De
gen

<
40

, the losses of the bends were caused purely by the wall friction and can be estimated from the $${\textrm{De}_\textrm{gen}}$$

De
gen

. In a broad range of higher $${\textrm{Re}_\textrm{gen}}$$

Re
gen

and $${\textrm{De}_\textrm{gen}}$$

De
gen

numbers, the loss coefficients were separated at the basis of the Hedström numbers. This phenomenon was mainly observable in the case of high curvature and was attributed to the flow patterns. Our study investigated this range with the bend of $$R/D=1$$

R
/
D
=
1

in detail: flow patterns in the bend and at the upstream side of the fitting were examined. An approximating equation and the fitting parameters were also given for loss coefficients.
Strong dictatorship via ratio-scale measurable utilities: a simpler proof
Authors: Nebel Jacob M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTsui and Weymark (Econ Theory 10:241–256, 1997, https://doi.org/10.1007/s001990050156) have shown that the only continuous social welfare orderings on the whole Euclidean space which satisfy the weak Pareto principle and are invariant to individual-specific similarity transformations of utilities are strongly dictatorial. Their proof relies on functional equation arguments which are quite complex. This note provides a simpler proof of their theorem.
Die Ausbreitung von Schall aus der Perspektive von Grundschulkindern – eine phänomenographische Studie
Authors: Veith Sonja Isabel 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungSchall ist ein spannendes, aber auch anspruchsvolles Thema für den Sachunterricht der Grundschule. Insbesondere die Ausbreitung von Schall ist ein zentraler Aspekt im Hinblick auf ein physikalisches Verständnis, diese ist jedoch sehr abstrakt in ihrer Wahrnehmbarkeit. Dementsprechend ist es für die Unterrichtsplanung hilfreich, die Vorstellungen der Schüler:innen zu kennen und diese Erkenntnisse strukturiert aufbereitet zu haben, um die Herausforderungen eines physikalischen Verstehens konsequent in den Blick nehmen zu können. Ziel dieser Studie war es die Erlebensweisen von Grundschüler:innen zur Schallausbreitung zu erheben. Im Rahmen dieser Studie wurden 24 Grundschulkinder in Interviews befragt, in denen sie sich u. a. auch mit verschiedenen Experimenten zu Schall auseinandersetzten. Die so gewonnenen Daten wurden im Anschluss mit Hilfe der Phänomengraphie ausgewertet. Auf diese Weise entstanden sieben Kategoriensätze zu den inhaltlichen Schwerpunkten Richtung, Geschwindigkeit, Lautstärke, Hören und Medien (Luft, Wasser, feste Hindernisse) bei der Ausbreitung von Schall. Diese enthalten jeweils eine Reihe von verschiedenen Erlebensweisen. Im Vergleich zu früheren Untersuchungen mit Grundschulkindern konnte eine größere Vielfalt an möglichen Erlebensweisen gezeigt werden, die oft auch fachlich differenzierter sind. Im Hinblick auf die Ergebnisse aus vorangegangenen Studien mit älteren Lernenden konnten einige Gemeinsamkeiten in der Wahrnehmung von Schall festgestellt werden. Durch die Darstellung in einem didaktisch strukturierten Ergebnisraum wird eine spätere Integration der Ergebnisse in die Planung von Unterricht und Material zu dieser Thematik ermöglicht.
Trauma Informed Interventions to Reduce Seclusion, Restraint and Restrictive Practices Amongst Staff Caring for Children and Adolescents with Challenging Behaviours: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kelly Peter , Saab Mohamad M. , Hurley Emma J. , Heffernan Sinéad , Goodwin John , Mulud Zamzaliza A. , O Malley Maria , O Mahony James , Curtin Margaret , Groen Gunter , Ivanova Svetla , Jörns-Presentati Astrid , Korhonen Joonas , Kostadinov Kostadin , Lahti Mari , Lalova Valentina , Petrova Gergana , O Donovan Aine 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEngaging with children and adolescents in mental health settings who are exhibiting behaviours that challenge can often result in the use of seclusion, restraint and coercive practices. It is recognised that more therapeutic ways to engage this population are needed, adopting trauma informed interventions may provide a solution. The aim of this systematic review is to synthesize the evidence in relation to the effect of trauma-informed interventions on coercive practices in child and adolescent residential settings. The review is guided by elements of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist. Results were synthesized and reported narratively. Nine studies met the eligibility criteria for this review. There was a lack of homogeneity amongst the studies. The trauma-informed interventions used were typically multi-faceted, underpinned by a variety of approaches and sought to bring about changes to clinical practice. Most studies (n = 8) reported significant reductions in the use of restrictive practices following the implementation of a trauma informed approach. The use of a trauma-informed approach, underpinned by an organisational change or implementation strategy, have the potential to reduce coercive practices with children and adolescents. However, the included interventions were insufficiently described to draw strong conclusions.
A new machine vision detection method for identifying and screening out various large foreign objects on coal belt conveyor lines
Authors: Dai Lili , Zhang Xu , Gardoni Paolo , Lu He , Liu Xinhua , Królczyk Grzegorz , Li Zhixiong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLarge foreign object transporting by coal mine conveyor belt may lead to production safety hazards. To reduce safety accidents during coal mining, a large foreign object detection method based on machine vision is proposed in this paper. An adaptive weighted multi-scale Retinex (MSR) image enhancement algorithm is proposed to improve the captured image quality of the belt conveyor line. An improved multi-scale template matching algorithm is designed by combining the frame difference and area methods to screen and identify large foreign objects mixed in coals. The multi-layer perceptron (MLP) network optimized by the Gray Wolf algorithm is introduced to identify the large objects. Experimental results show that the identification accuracy reaches 98.8% for the large foreign objects. Furthermore, industrial field test is carried out in the Gaoyang coal mine, and the filed test results demonstrate that the identification accuracy of the proposed method is more than 95%. Hence, the proposed method meets the industrial detection requirements and can be used in practices for detecting the large foreign objects.
Theoretical and numerical simulation investigation of deep hole dispersed charge cut blasting
Authors: Li Chengxiao , Yang Renshu , Wang Yanbing , Kang Yiqiang , Zhang Yuantong , Xie Pin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDrilling and blasting methods have been used as a common driving technique for shallow-hole driving and blasting in rock roadways. With the advent of digital electronic detonators and the need for increased production efficiency, the traditional blasting design is no longer suitable for deep hole blasting. In this paper, a disperse charge cut blasting method was proposed to address the issues of low excavation depth and high block rate in deep hole undercut blasting. First, a blasting model was used to illustrate the mechanism of the deep hole dispersive charge cut blasting process. Then, continuous charge and dispersed charge blasting models were developed using the smooth particle hydrodynamics-finite element method (SPH-FEM). The cutting parameters were determined theoretically, and the cutting efficiency was introduced to evaluate the cutting effect. The blasting effects of the two charging models were analyzed utilizing the evolution law of rock damage, the number of rock particles thrown, and the cutting efficiency. The results show that using a dispersed charge improves the cutting efficiency by about 20% and the rock breakage for the deep hole cut blasting compared to the traditional continuous charge. In addition, important parameters such as cutting hole spacing, cutting hole depth and upper charge proportion also have a significant impact on the cutting effect. Finally, the deep hole dispersed charge cut blasting technology is combined with the digital electronic detonator through the field engineering practice. It provides a reference for the subsequent deep hole cutting blasting and the use of electronic detonators in rock roadways.
Sustainable and responsible mining through sound mine closure
Authors: Chugh Yoginder P. , Schladweiler Brenda K. , Skilbred Chet 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper provides an overview of planning requirements, including regulatory, and implementation approaches for achieving ecologically sound reclamation and restoration of mines upon closure in the USA. Mine closure includes mined-out areas, decommissioning of plants and structures, and appropriate monitoring of post-mining land, water, and air resources. Although the discussion provides general guidelines, each mine closure site presents unique challenges. The overall chemical composition of coal and associated strata with mineable coal seams, structural characteristics of the deposit, weather patterns, environmental conditions, processing and scale of mining of the deposit, and public and private infrastructure must be considered. Future land use and water resource requirements are also important considerations. The planning and closure activities must ensure that the resultant site has the appropriate post-mining land and water resources use, and the site does not pose any future environmental and health and safety risks. These requirements suggest that closure activities should be integrated with the mining activity planning process from the start. This paper discusses mine closure issues and describes several practices for a surface coal mine in the Western USA.
Changes to Corporate Restructuring Laws in the Czech Republic During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Lasák Jan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the course of the Covid-19 global pandemic, corporate restructuring laws worldwide underwent a stress test as the financial health of companies significantly deteriorated. In response to public demand, legislators in the Czech Republic adopted various bail-out programmes and bail-in measures in order to provide debtors who ran into temporary problems in connection with the Covid-19 pandemic with additional protection against individual creditors to help solve their financial troubles. This paper outlines the various bail-in and bail-out measures that were introduced during the critical phase of the pandemic in 2020–2021 and analyses the extraordinary measures that were adopted in the Czech Republic. After the pandemic, once the temporary emergency measures were lifted, the number of insolvency petitions and proceedings surprisingly decreased in comparison to previous years. This may suggest that financial aid programmes in the Czech Republic may even have been too generous. While public debt in the Czech Republic increased dramatically during the pandemic as a result of the governmental bail-out/financial aid programmes, the ‘helicopter money’ contributed significantly to accelerating the increase in the country’s inflation rate.
The EU Green Bond Standard: A Plausible Response to the Deficiencies of the EU Green Bond Market?
Authors: Pyka Michal 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe article elaborates on the EU Green Bond Standard, a cornerstone of the Proposal for a Regulation on European green bonds that was put forward by the European Commission in July 2021. Within the analysis, three research questions are posed. First, the article deals with the question of whether the EU Green Bond Standard is really needed; particularly, whether there is a need for EU regulatory intervention on the EU green bond market. Second, it examines the method of regulation which was adopted for the EU Green Bond Standard. Specifically, does this standard differ and offer any added value compared to private standards for the issuance of green bonds? Finally, the article discusses the impact of the EU Green Bond Standard on the EU green bond market. Within this section, the questions of fragmentation and regulatory competition between public (EU) and private regimes are dealt with. The article ends with proposals for modifications of the EU Green Bond Standard. It has been suggested that the EU Green Bond Standard should have a mandatory character for all issuances of green bonds on the EU green bond market. Private standards should not be replaced by the EU Green Bond Standard but only reconciled with it. With regard to its content, the EU Green Bond Standard should constitute a mixture of public and private obligations; yet, some necessary regulatory space should be left for private standards.
Investigating the origins of differentiated vulnerabilities to climate change through the lenses of the Capability Approach
Authors: Cappelli Federica 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe paper traces the evolution the concept of socioeconomic vulnerability to climate change has followed in the academic and scientific debate and examines its effects on wellbeing. The recent recognition of vulnerability as a social construction has shifted the focus of the analysis to the dimension of adaptive capacity, restoring a political economy significance to the study of vulnerability. The social origin of vulnerability is related to the presence of structural inequalities, rooted in structural economic and political relationships and reinforced by historical cultural values and praxes. Structural inequalities and power relations in place within a society shape access to resources and capabilities that can enable individuals or population groups to prevent and cope with impacts from extreme weather events, ultimately defining vulnerabilities. Widespread vulnerabilities to climate change can compromise wellbeing in several ways, including an increase in food insecurity, health issues, outbreak of armed conflicts and mass migrations. In addition, the same individual or population group can be vulnerable in more than one wellbeing dimension and, once a dimension is affected, their own vulnerability to other threats is likely to increase.
Berufliche (Nicht‑)Passung als Determinante für Teilnahme an und Timing von betrieblicher Weiterbildung
Authors: Schimke Benjamin 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Betrag wird die in Deutschland erste systematische Untersuchung der Teilnahme an betrieblicher Weiterbildung und des Timings der Maßnahmen vor dem Hintergrund formaler Über- und Unterqualifikation und der Fähigkeits-Aufgaben-Passung dargestellt. Die Analysen basieren auf Daten der Erwachsenenkohorte des „Nationalen Bildungspanels“ (NEPS). Die Befunde legen nahe, dass die Passung zwischen dem formalen Qualifikationsniveau der Beschäftigten und den Anforderungen der Stelle ein wichtiger Prädiktor für die Wahrscheinlichkeit der Partizipation an betrieblicher Weiterbildung darstellt. Eine Passung zwischen Fähigkeiten und beruflichen Aufgaben ist dagegen sowohl mit der Teilnahmechance als auch mit der Zeit, die in einem neuen Beschäftigungsverhältnis bis zur ersten Teilnahme an arbeitgeberfinanzierten Kursen verstreicht, assoziiert. Die empirischen Befunde weisen auf eine Komplementaritäts- und Substitutionsbeziehung zwischen formaler Bildung und non-formaler Weiterbildung hin.
Phylogenetic analysis of Plenodomus lingam and Plenodomus biglobosus isolates in Hungary
Authors: Bagi Bianka , Palkovics László , Petróczy Marietta 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBlackleg (stem canker) of crucifers is a globally important disease caused by multiple genetic subclades of the fungi Plenodomuslingam (syn.: Leptosphaeria maculans) and Plenodomus biglobosus (syn.: Leptosphaeria biglobosa). In our study, we monitored the geographical distribution of these two pathogen species from rapeseed growing areas in Hungary. Multiplex PCR identified 48.7% of the isolates as Plenodomus biglobosus, which indicates the non-recent introduction of the pathogen into Hungary. In addition, multi-locus analysis revealed low genetic diversity within the species, as all isolates were clustered to the Plenodomuslingam ‘brassicae’ and Plenodomus biglobosus ‘brassicae’ subclades. The low genetic diversity of a population generally means reduced adaptation potential, which is essential information in breeding and in developing more effective management strategies.
Hochschild homology, and a persistent approach via connectivity digraphs
Authors: Caputi Luigi , Riihimäki Henri 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe introduce a persistent Hochschild homology framework for directed graphs. Hochschild homology groups of (path algebras of) directed graphs vanish in degree $$i\ge 2$$

i
≥
2

. To extend them to higher degrees, we introduce the notion of connectivity digraphs, and analyse two main examples; the first, arising from Atkin’s q-connectivity, and the second, here called n-path digraphs, generalising the classical notion of line graph. Based on a categorical setting for persistent homology, we propose a stable pipeline for computing persistent Hochschild homology groups. This pipeline is also amenable to other homology theories; for this reason, we complement our work with a survey on homology theories of directed graphs.
The ATLAS EventIndex
Authors: Barberis Dario , Alexandrov Igor , Alexandrov Evgeny , Baranowski Zbigniew , Canali Luca , Cherepanova Elizaveta , Dimitrov Gancho , Favareto Andrea , Fernández Casaní Álvaro , Gallas Elizabeth J. , Montoro Carlos García , González de la Hoz Santiago , Hřivnáč Julius , Iakovlev Alexander , Kazymov Andrei , Mineev Mikhail , Prokoshin Fedor , Rybkin Grigori , Salt José , Sánchez Javier , Sorokoletov Roman , Többicke Rainer , Vasileva Petya , Villaplana Perez Miguel , Yuan Ruijun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe ATLAS EventIndex system comprises the catalogue of all events collected, processed or generated by the ATLAS experiment at the CERN LHC accelerator, and all associated software tools to collect, store and query this information. ATLAS records several billion particle interactions every year of operation, processes them for analysis and generates even larger simulated data samples; a global catalogue is needed to keep track of the location of each event record and be able to search and retrieve specific events for in-depth investigations. Each EventIndex record includes summary information on the event itself and the pointers to the files containing the full event. Most components of the EventIndex system are implemented using BigData free and open-source software. This paper describes the architectural choices and their evolution in time, as well as the past, current and foreseen future implementations of all EventIndex components.