bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding HPV Vaccination Policymaking in Rwanda: A Case of Health Prioritization and Public-Private-Partnership in a Low-Resource Setting.
Authors: Asempah Eric , Wiktorowicz Mary 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background Rwanda was the first African nation to initiate a nationwide HPV vaccination program in 2011 where the incidence of cervical cancer was reduced from 34.5 cases to 28.2 cases per 100,000 women and the mortality rate declined from 25.4–20.1% from before 2011 to 2020, respectively. This study sought to clarify the HPV vaccination policymaking process in Rwanda and the lessons policymakers in other low-income settings can learn.Methods Kingdon's multiple stream framework and Foucault’s concept of governmentality were used as lenses to understand the Rwandan policymaking process that hastened the introduction of a national HPV vaccination program in 2011. Perspectives of policy makers engaged in HPV vaccination policy were gathered from published sources, along with key informant interviews.Results Rwanda presents a valuable case study of Kingdon’s multiple streams model clarifying how governmental priority setting (policy stream) for cervical cancer prevention (problem stream) along with public and private incentives and policy entrepreneurship (politics stream) aligned to foster program implementation. Rwanda’s track record of successful vaccination programs enabled by a culture of local accountability referred to as Imihigo created public and private sector incentives. Effective stakeholder engagement, health priority setting, and resource mobilization garnered locally and through international development aid, reflect indicators of policy success. The national HPV policymaking process in Rwanda unfolded in a relatively cohesive and stable policy network.Conclusion Although peripheral stakeholder resistance and a constrained national budget can present a threat to policy survival, the study shows that such factors as the engagement of policy entrepreneurs within a policy network, private sector incentives and international aid were effective in ensuring policy resolution.
The Effect of Tymoquinone on Vitamin D Metabolism in Glucocorticoid-Induced Insulin Resistance
Authors: Göktuğ Hazel Berna , Dede Semiha 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The key ingredient in Nigella sativa, thymoquinone (TQ), has several advantageous qualities, particularly antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ones. Recent research studies have shown the beneficial effects of thymoquinone, and this study aimed to look into how it affected vitamin D metabolism in populations with insulin resistance. Male Wistar-Albino rats were employed in the study as the subject matter for this reason. TQ was administered as a therapy, and prophylaxis and treatment with metformin were set up for the groups in which insulin resistance had been developed. The gene groups implicated in vitamin D metabolism underwent RT-PCR gene expression analysis and western blot protein analysis. The analysis's findings show that the application of TQ reduced HOMA-IR values, a sign of insulin resistance. It was found that the expression of the VDR gene may be responsible for the effect of TQ administration for the treatment of insulin resistance on vitamin D metabolism in liver tissue. The evaluation of TQ's effects on the gene expression of the genes involved in vitamin D metabolism in liver tissue and their translation into a protein produced significant findings. It has been demonstrated that using TQ for therapeutic and preventive reasons is advantageous for regressing insulin resistance metrics. Also found to be impacted was serum vitamin D level, which was found to be directly related to the expression of several genes involved in vitamin D metabolism in the liver, although some of these genes were found to be relatively ineffective in the present study.
Enhanced niche colonisation and competition during bacterial adaptation to a fungus
Authors: Richter Anne , Blei Felix , Hu Guohai , Schwitalla Jan W , Lozano-Andrade Carlos , Jarmusch Scott A , Wibowo Mario , Kjeldgaard Bodil , Surabhi Surabhi , Jautzus Theresa , Phippen Christopher B W , Tyc Olaf , Arentshorst Mark , Wang Yue , Garbeva Paolina , Larsen Thomas , Ram Arthur F.J. , Hondel Cees van den , Maróti Gergely , Kovács Ákos T 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Bacterial-fungal interactions (BFIs) influence microbial community performance of most ecosystems and elicit specific microbial behaviours, including stimulating specialised metabolite production. Using a simple BFI system encompassing the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis and the black mould fungus Aspergillus niger, we established a co-culture experimental evolution method to investigate bacterial adaptation to the presence of a fungus. In the evolving populations, B. subtilis was rapidly selected for enhanced production of the lipopeptide surfactin and accelerated surface spreading ability, leading to inhibition of fungal expansion and acidification of the environment. These phenotypes were explained by specific mutations in the DegS-DegU two-component system. In the presence of surfactin, fungal hyphae exhibited bulging cells with delocalised secretory vesicles and RlmA-dependent cell wall stress induction. Increased surfactin production typically enhances the competitive success of bacteria against fungi, which likely explains the primary adaption path in the presence of A. niger.
Genetic predisposition of HER2 gene polymorphisms (rs1136200 and rs1058808) associated with breast fibroadenoma in the South Indian population: A pilot case-control study
Authors: N Durga , K Iyshwarya B , P Keerthana , A Sivashankar , Jayaprasad Prema , RS Akram Husain , Veerabathiran Ramakrishnan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Fibroadenoma (FA) is a non-cancerous breast lesion, usually diagnosed in young females, where the genes, proteins, and environmental risk factors contribute to the disease pathogenesis. The study aimed to find the association of Human Epithelial Growth Factor Receptor 2 (rs1136200 and rs1058808) gene polymorphisms with fibroadenoma in this population.
Methods
The study included 60 cases with FA and 60 healthy controls. DNA isolation was performed from peripheral blood lymphocytes and genotyped using the ARMS-PCR method. Allelic and genotype frequencies, odds ratio, Both variants were calculated with 95% confidence intervals.
Results
In this study, genotypic distributions of HER2 rs1136200 allelic polymorphisms were reported GG (31.7%), GT (48.3%), TT (20%) in FA cases, and 20%, 36.7%, 43.3% in controls. However, the percentage of the G allele in cases is 55.8% and controls 38.3%; the T allele in cases is 44.2% whereas 61.7 in controls. The genotypic distribution results of HER2 rs1058808 allelic polymorphisms showed CC (36.7%), CG (48.3%), and GG (15%) in FA cases and 28.3%, 40%, 31.7% in controls. However, the percentage of the C allele in cases is 60.8% and in controls 48.3%; the G allele in cases is 39.2% and 51.7% in controls. Our study found a significant difference in genotype frequencies of rs1136200 and rs1058808 gene polymorphism compared to FA patients and healthy controls. HER2 rs1136200 and rs1058808 gene polymorphism were significantly (P- value 0.05) associated with FA.
Conclusion
Future studies must identify the role of HER2 rs1136200 and rs1058808 gene variants and their interaction with other fibroadenoma-associated genes in FA for the possible development of suitable therapies and early diagnosis in the human community.
Genomic characterization and phylogenomic relationship of the beta-variant of SARS- CoV-2 in Pakistan
Authors: Fiaz Nazia , zahoor Imran , naveed saima , Yaqub Tahir , Basheer Atia 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

In this research, we performed genomic characterization and phylogenomic relationship of beta-variant circulated in Pakistan, compared to the viral population of the world. A set of 105 full-genome sequence samples of beta-VOC from Pakistan, retrieved from GISAID, and aligned through the online tool MAFFT and subjected to mutations identification through Coronapp web-application. Phylogenetic tree was created by using 800 full-genome sequences of beta-variant from ten countries having the highest Pakistani diaspora resides. We found 389 mutations, out of which 227 were missense mutations, however, NSP3 and spike were found to be the most mutable proteins. Interestingly, some characteristic mutations like T265I, K1655N, K3353R in ORF1a, S84L(ORF8) and del241/243(S) which had 92–99% prevalence globally, were not present in beta-variant of Pakistan. Moreover, N501Y(S), E484K(S), L242(S), and S106(NSP6) mutations which had 86%, 85%, 84%, and 91% prevalence globally were only 52%, 50%, 49%, and 73.3% prevalent in Pakistan. Likewise, S794L (NSP3), G30R (N) and W29L (ORF7b) had a global prevalence of just 12%, 0.4%, and 0.3%, but in Pakistan they were 67%, 67%, and 49%, respectively. The phylogeny results showed that majority of the Pakistani samples were clustered together with samples from South Africa, England, and Saudi Arabia. Our results showed that beta-variant of Pakistani population was substantially different from its global population in terms of its genomic variability. However, phylogeny relationship suggested transmission of this variant to Pakistan from South Africa, England, and Saudi Arabia.
Pineapple mealybug, Dysmicoccus brevipes Cockerell (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae): a new threat to garden pea, Pisum sativum L. in India
Authors: Choudhary J. S. , Gotyal B. S. , Joshi S. , Ramya R. S. , Patil J , Lekhana N. , Selvaraj K. , Shivakumara K. T. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Pea, (Pisum sativum, Leguminaceae), also called garden pea is herbaceous annual plant grown worldwide for its edible seeds. Several studies reported that about 20 insect pest attack this crop and cause substantial yield loss. The pineapple mealybug, Dysmicoccus brevipes Cockerell (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is reported for the first time from garden pea from Jharkhand state of India. The nymph and adult mealybugs were collected from four different locations of garden pea fields and identified through morphological characters and further their identity confirmed with molecular characterization using partial (658bp) mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 (mtCO1) gene. Nymphs and adults of mealybugs suck the sap from the roots as well as stem base near the soil surface. The mealybug infested roots were observed with dark circles and plants showing wilting symptoms. The infestation of D. brevipes was observed in the month of November, 2022 with 5% plant infestation in the early crop growth stage, where as the maximum of 45% infestation was recorded in the month of August, 2022. This study confirms that garden pea as the new host for D. brevipes and its damage symptoms.
Modification of wheat mill diagram for studying structural and rheological aspect of primary streams to optimize the voluminous bread’s formulation
Authors: Amiri Zeynab Raftani , Moammaei Saeed , Kharazi Sepideh Haghighat 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Wheat milling diagram and their analytical parameters play key role in bread making. Primary break and reduction passages stream had significant impact on the quality of standardized flours for voluminous breads. Hence, Break (B2 passage) and reduction (M1 passage) flours of semi-hard wheat were incorporated in three formulation in presence of glucose oxidase to improve dough handling properties and baking quality (B6M3 as default blended mill setup, B3M6 and B5M5 as reconstituted flour blends). Results indicated a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the outcome of the experiments. By shifting from break flours to reduction, starch fraction reflected a higher incorporation of hydroxyl groups in the hydrogen bonds with greater interaction. Moreover, starch availability was restricted and its gelatinization included retardation with additional of reduction flour. B5M5 gained a highest gelatinization temperature which indicated more ungelatinized granules in suspension. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of bread crumb reflected a denser interior structure with thinner gas cell boundary for B3M6. Higher value of reduction stream could convert spherical cavities of crumb to oval shape. Experiment on baked bread texture revealed that softens crumb (1622.33 ± 58.4) during storage with greater symmetry and uniformity indices were observed for B5M5. Additionally, bread loafs with higher reduction cooperation (B3M6) remained springiest (9.11 ± 0.11) with high score chewiness factor (85.29 ± 4.57) after 72 h. Alveographic model of dough with consistography were determined the extra cross-linking of gluten protein upon glucose oxidase addition which led to decrease in L parameter. A reinforcement of dough tenacity (P) was observed for reduction passages due to higher water absorption capacity. The analysis of the gluten proteins with deformation energy (W) was positively correlated to lactic acid SRC value for break passages (B6M3). Therefore, progressive milling system fractionation could be related to end-product quality with optimized formulation.
Youth Leadership in Sexual Violence Prevention: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hjelm Linnea L 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Youth in the US experience high rates of sexual violence. Historically, adults design and deliver preventive initiatives, with youth limited as participants and recipients. The use of community-based participatory research and other participatory approaches can expand the reach and impact of adolescent sexual violence prevention initiatives by positioning youth as leaders and co-researchers. This systematic review explores both adolescent violence prevention programs and research projects that take a participatory, youth-engaged, or youth-led approach. The review aims to understand what activities youth are involved in and how they are equipped for their roles. Following PRISMA guidelines, the review located eight eligible articles that involved high school youth or younger as more than data, focused on adolescent sexual or dating violence prevention, and whose programs or studies were conducted in the United States. I reviewed each article for programmatic and study specifics, with special attention to which stages youth participated in and how capacity-building was incorporated. Results revealed that youth can participate in a variety of activities, though they are involved in certain stages more than others and that capacity-building ranged in breadth and frequency. I call researchers to detail youth activities and training and explain clearly their participatory approach and decisions.
Site formation processes and pollution risk mitigation of World War II oil tanker shipwrecks: Coimbra and Munger T. Ball
Authors: Brennan Michael L. , Delgado James P. , Jozsef Aaron , Marx Deborah E. , Bierwagen Matthew 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Locating and documenting potentially polluting wrecks is essential in determining the risks they pose to causing oil spills as weaking hulls in the marine environment continue to corrode. Expeditions in 2019 and 2021 to two World War II oil tankers, Coimbra and Munger T. Ball, assessed the site formation processes and integrity of the hulls for pollution mitigation. This was followed by remediation that removed large amounts of oil from the tanks accessible on these wrecks. Lessons learned indicate that such approaches to shipwrecks in deeper waters may prove useful to locating wrecks and mitigating future potential spills.
Development of a dashboard analytics platform for dementia caregivers to understand diagnostic test results
Authors: Roosan Don , Chok Jay , Nersesian Teresa , Li Yan , Law Anandi , Li Yawen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) create unimaginable stress and financial burden in the lives of informal caregivers, including family and friends. However, the current healthcare system is not designed to incorporate caregivers in the healthcare team model for an early diagnostic process. The objectives of the focus group study are twofold: 1) to understand the digital information needs of caregivers to develop a user-friendly digital health app for the early diagnosis of ADRD patients, and 2) to assess the willingness of caregivers to be included in the early diagnosis process using a digital health app. We conducted a focus group study to understand caregivers' digital information needs and willingness to participate in the early diagnosis of ADRD. A total of 25 caregivers participated in the five focus group sessions. Data analysis revealed three main themes: 1) eagerness to be involved with the healthcare team for diagnosis, 2) facilitating digital communication for early diagnosis, and 3) chronicling the journey. Our unique finding demonstrates caregivers' willingness to participate in diagnostics by utilizing innovative digital health applications. The result of this study informs an intuitive digital interface based on user-centered design.
Novel alginate-based binders for silicon-graphite anodes in lithium-ion batteries: Effect of binder chemistry on the electrochemical performance
Authors: Güneren Alper , Nada Ahmed A. , Šišková Alena Opálková , Mosnáčková Katarína , Kleinová Angela , Mosnáček Jaroslav , Lenčéš Zoltán 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Novel alginate-based binders containing either catechol (d-Alg) or sulfonate (s-Alg) functional groups were developed and characterized to improve the capacity decay performance and better stability of Li-ion batteries. The electrochemical performance of silicon-graphite (Si/Gr) anode with alginate-based binder was compared to the commonly used CMC/SBR binder. The active material in the anodes was the ball-milled Si/Gr (20:80 wt%) powder mixture. A comprehensive electrochemical study was carried out through rate capability test, cycle test, differential capacity analysis (dQ/dV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The functionalized s-Alg binder showed the lowest electrolyte uptake (11.5%) and the highest tensile strength (97 MPa). Anodes with s-Alg exhibited high initial capacity (1250 mAh g− 1) and improved decay performance (580 mAh g− 1 at 0.2 C), by ~ 65% higher compared to CMC/SBR binder. The influence of pH value of s-Alg binder preparation showed that anodes prepared at pH 3 of s-Alg exhibit better performance, reaching 800 and 750 mAh g− 1 at 0.1 C and 0.2 C, respectively due to the stronger bonding formation and compactness of anode layer which providing low charge transfer and solid electrolyte interface resistance.
Analysis of passenger car tailpipe emissions in different world regions up to 2050
Authors: Feinauer Mario , Senzeybek Murat , Herwartz-Polster Sebastian , Dasgupta Isheeka , Ehrenberger Simone 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study presents the carbon dioxide (CO2), particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) tailpipe emission analysis of passenger cars in 9 different world regions up to 2050 based on a bottom-up calculation method. A diffusion model which considers current policy electrification targets is used to analyze market entry and development of different drivetrain/fuel technologies in the respective vehicle stocks of each world region. Drivetrain- and country-specific emission factors are weighted according to the modelled stock compositions. The obtained stock-fleet-average emission factors are multiplied with the transport demand in order to obtain total passenger car emissions which are then spatially distributed using proxy raster emission data. The results of this study reveal that global passenger car CO2, NOx and PM2.5 emissions decrease from 2015 until 2050 by approx. 45%, 63% and 54%, respectively. The market analysis indicates that gasoline will continue to be a significant energy carrier in 2050 with a stock share of approx. 25%; however, electric vehicles will take the lead, especially after 2040. Furthermore, China and Europe stay as advancing markets for passenger car fleet electrification, while the majority of developing countries follow up with low shares. It can be obtained that even if the passenger car fleets become cleaner, an increase of the transport demand can dampen or even nullify the total emission reduction effect. As a conclusion, the bottom-up approach enables to quantify passenger car emissions in a transparent way. However, challenges exist regarding the uncertainty caused by lacking data availability.
SULF1 promotes malignancy potential of cervical cancer by activating VEGFR2/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Li Juan , Wang Xihao , Li Zhilong , Li Minzhen , Zheng Xuelian , Zheng Danxi , Wang Yanyun , Xi Mingrong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose Identifying novel molecular targets remains essential in molecular targeted therapy for cervical cancer patients with advanced stage or reccurrence. Our study aims to investigate the precise roles and regulatory mechanism underlying SULF1 in the initiation and progression of cervical cancer (CC). Methods The expression and prognostic values of SULF1 in cervical cancer were analyzed through bioinformatics analysis, RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and western blot assays. The function of SULF1 in proliferation, migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells through lentivirus transduction, CCK8, flow cytometry analysis, plate colony formation assay, scratch assay, Transwell assay and mouse models. Bioinformatics analysis and western blot assay were employed to identify the significant signaling pathways associated with SULF1 in cervical cancer. Results SULF1 expression was significantly upregulated in CC tissues, which was associated with poor prognosis of patients with CC. In vitro, the upregulation of SULF1 expression in cervical cancer HeLa cells promoted cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion while inhibiting cell apoptosis. Conversely, downregulation of SULF1 expression had the opposite effect. In vivo. the upregulation of SULF1 expression resulted in a significant increase in both tumor growth and angiogenesis, while its downregulation had the opposite effect. Bioinformatics analysis, western blot detection and cell function rescue assay confirmed that the upregulation of SULF1 in HeLa cells promoted cellular tumorigenic behaviors by activating the VEGFR2/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Conclusion SULF1 plays an oncogenic role in the tumorigenesis and development of CC, indicating its potential as a novel molecular target for gene-targeted therapy in patients with CC.
Effects of PD-1, HMGB1 and LFA-1 polymorphisms on non-small cell lung cancer susceptibility
Authors: Chen Ruiqin , Xu Shaojun , You Chengxiong , Chen Chao , Zhang Zhi-Fan , Tang Wei-Feng , Chen Shu-Chen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Polymorphisms in some immunomodulatory genes are associated with susceptibility to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A total of 1,193 NSCLC patients and 1,056 healthy controls were recruited in this study to explore the association between polymorphisms of PD-1, HMGB1, and LFA-1 and the risk of NSCLC. Three related polymorphisms, PD-1 rs36084323, HMGB1 rs1412125 and LFA-1 rs2230433, were screened out by SNPscan™. The HMGB1 rs1412125 (T > C) genotype increased NSCLC susceptibility (CC vs TT: P = 0.006; CC vs TT + TC: P = 0.007), while LFA-1 rs2230433 G > C and PD-1 rs36084323 T > C genotypes were not associated with increased NSCLC risk. Further stratified analysis revealed that the HMGB1 rs1412125 T > C genotype increases NSCLC risk in men (homozygote: OR = 2.20, P = 0.004; dominance: OR = 1.29, P = 0.044; recessive: OR = 2.05, P = 0.008) and in smokers (homozygous: OR = 2.25, P = 0.030; dominance: OR = 1.48, P = 0.026). In summary, the HMGB1 rs1412125 T > C polymorphism increases NSCLC susceptibility.