bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of clinicomicrobiological profile of infections in patients admitted to the intensive care unit
Authors: Kaur Harmandeep , Gupta Veenu , Mahajan Rajesh , Chaudhary Jyoti 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background:
In the absence of precise microbiological data, treatment is started with broad-spectrum antimicrobials, without discrimination as to the likely causative microorganisms resulting in ineffective therapy and increased antimicrobial resistance. The study was planned to know clinicomicrobiological profile of infections in patients admitted to ICU.

Methods:
This prospective study was conducted for one year (January to December 2020). All the patients admitted to the medical ICU with evidence of infection after 48 h of admission were included in the study. The specimens received were cultured and the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was determined according to standard protocol. The detailed clinical profile and risk factors were noted in these patients to correlate to the outcome. The data obtained were statistically analysed.

Results:
Over a period of 1 year, 1039 patients were admitted to the medical ICU and infections were present in 105 patients with an infection rate of 10%. A total of 122 bacterial infections were characterised and 131 isolates were obtained. The most common isolate was Klebsiella spp.(24.4%), followed by Acinetobacter baumannii (22.9%) and Pseudomonas spp.(19.1%).

Conclusions:
As the use of antibiotics has increased, it has led to increased antimicrobial resistance and knowledge of antimicrobial resistance patterns and the result of culture reports provides guidance for the treatment, thus improving the outcome of the patient.
Clinical spectrum of admitted patients undergoing Xpert MTB/RIF® testing for tuberculosis evaluation at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Singh Sehmeet , Ahluwalia Srishti , Ahluwalia Saumya , Singh Akashdeep , Ahluwalia Archana 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background:
The introduction of Xpert MTB/RIF® has revolutionised the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) by reducing time to the identification and detection of drug resistance.

Methods:
We prospectively studied clinical profile of admitted patients who underwent Xpert MTB/RIF® for the diagnosis of TB in the Department of Medicine and Allied Specialties at our tertiary care teaching hospital in Ludhiana.

Results:
During the period from January to December 2018, 140 patients (mean age 55.7 ± 16 years; male: female = 1.5:1) were included. Type 2 diabetes mellitus was the most common comorbid disease (n = 37; 26.4%). The most common presenting complaints were fever, breathlessness and cough with expectoration. Overall, 61 admitted patients were discharged with a diagnosis of TB; 26/61 (42.6%) tested Xpert MTB/RIF® positive (bacteriologically confirmed); the remaining 35 (57.4%) were clinically diagnosed along with the ancillary supportive investigations. The remaining 79 patients had a non-TB diagnosis. In extrapulmonary TB, Xpert MTB/RIF® had low detection and positivity rate as compared to other ancillary investigations for TB.

Conclusions:
Xpert MTB/RIF® was useful in the diagnosis in 42.6% of cases. When Xpert MTB/RIF® was negative, TB was diagnosed empirically on the basis of clinical, radiological and ancillary laboratory investigations. Xpert MTB/RIF® positivity with the clinical background suggesting that TB makes the diagnosis rapidly and with a high degree of confidence.
Outcome of Single Stage Anterior and Posterior Surgery for Tuberculous Paraplegia
Authors: Yadav Krishan , Mohan Patel Jeegar , Daga Rahul Ghanshyamdas , Sadaria Mohan 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Morbidity and mortality from tuberculosis, a significant infectious illness, are expected to rise worldwide. The projected number of new cases rose from 7.5 million in 1990 to 11.9 million in 2005, a 58.6% increase in 2011. The widespread belief that TB is no longer a public health concern is unfounded; on the contrary, the link between HIV/AIDS and antibiotic resistance has further exacerbated the crisis that already existed. Similar to the nations in sub-Saharan Africa, India is now considered a Group IV country, with an annual risk of infection between 1% and 2.5%. 2. Although 60% of TB cases occur in people who are HIV-positive, only 3–5% of cases in HIV-negative individuals are skeletal. The most frequent type of articuloskeletal tuberculosis is spinal tuberculosis.

Aim:
1. The goal of this study is to evaluate the neurological outcome of anterior debridement, fusion, posterior instrumentation, and early rehabilitation in individuals with spinal cord injuries. 2. The goal of this study is to determine the prevalence of pressure ulcers, hypostatic pneumonia, and urinary tract infections urinary tract infections (UTIs) among these individuals. 3. The goal of this study is to determine the frequency of graft-related problems. 4. See how well these individuals are able to keep their corrected deformities from returning.

Materials and Methods:
Patients who had simultaneous anterior (anterior debridement and bone grafting) and posterior (posterior instrumentation and fusion) procedures were followed prospectively.

Result:
Thirty patients’ films were examined. In addition, cord edema was suggested in 13 of the patients based on the presence of strong signal intensities there. Myelomalacia signs were seen in one patient, but he or she went on to make a complete neurological recovery. The average duration of operation was 355 minutes, and this included the time needed to position the patient for the two separate procedures.

Conclusion:
There was an 89.5% rate of neurological recovery with an average corrected loss of 6.98 degrees (0.20 degrees to 35.90 degrees), and the complication rate was acceptable in the group analyzed.
Effect of Root Canal Taper on the Ability of Endodontically Treated Teeth using the TruNatomy and Protaper Next File Systems to Resist Fracture
Authors: Patel Niharika , Ahmad Zeeshan Heera , Ali Shah Shahzad , Sharma Ankita , Ehsan Aliya , Singh Harmeet , Babaji Prashant 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
This research was done to evaluate how the root canal taper affects the Endodontically Treated Teeth (ETT) prepared with the TruNatomy and Protaper Next file systems in terms of fracture resistance.

Materials and Method:
Forty recently extracted mandibular premolar teeth were used in this research, which was classified into four groups at random. Groups 1a and 1b used TruNatomy 4% and 6%, respectively, while groups 2a and 2b used the Protaper Next 4% and 6% file systems, respectively. The root canals were cleaned, shaped, and sealed using cold lateral compaction. The root canals were then fixed in standardized autopolymerizing acrylic resin blocks and tested for vertical root fracture using a universal testing machine. Newtons were used to measure the forces needed to cause fractures. Data were statistically analyzed.

Results:
In comparison with other groups, group 1a (TruNatomy 4%) displayed greater fracture resistance (423.322.43 Newtons), and group 2b (Protaper Next 6%) displayed the least fracture resistance (264.512.76 Newtons).

Conclusion:
Protaper Next file system had lower fracture resistance than TruNatomy file system. With the use of greater taper instruments, a notable decrease in the fracture resistance of ETT was observed.
A Finite Element Analysis of Stress Allocation around Three Types of Abutment–Implant Interfaces
Authors: Devanna Raghu , Awinashe Vaibhav , Priyadarshi Siddharth , Ramaiah Vardharajula Venkata , Gupta Aashi , Jain Amol 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
This study examined the effects of stress distribution at three abutment–implant interfaces on various implant systems.

Materials and Methods:
Group I: tri-channel internal connection (Nobel Biocare), Group II: 1.5-mm deep internal hex (BioHorizons Co. Birmingham, USA), and Group III: ADIN Touareg, to create computerized models of implants and mandibular modeling software, close fit WP, ANSYS Version 14.0 for finite element analysis (FEA), Hypermesh 12 for meshing and CATIA were used. A top-notch scanner was used to scan the implant. CATIA software created computerized models using all the aforementioned data. By applying bonded state on the abutment–implant borders and four various load conditions within the implant system, finite element method modeling was carried out. The computerized model was imported into the ANSYS program. To compare the groups, a statistical analysis was conducted.

Result:
Through the use of three-dimensional FEA, the samples were assessed. Stress was found to be utmost in Group I, followed by Group III and Group II, at 80 N, 80 N with a 15° tilt, 250 N, and 250 N with a 15° tilt, and the divergence was statistically inconsequential.

Conclusion:
The tri-channel internal connection displayed the highest stresses compared to the internal hex within the constraints of the current study.
Opioid-Based vs Opioid-Free Anesthesia in Breast Cancer Surgery
Authors: Naik Shraddha , Bhosale Avinash , Kale Dhanashree , Patil Pradeep B. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Breast cancer is the most widely recognized malignant growth in ladies in India and accounts for 14% of all tumors in women. Modified radical mastectomy (MRM) is a surgery done for breast cancer. It leads to about 30% chances of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and 40% pain in the immediate postoperative period.

Objectives:
Changes in blood pressure after intubation, waiting time for postoperative pain medication, and possibility of adverse effects.

Methodology:
After the approval of ethical committee, the study was conducted in the procedure and possible complications associated with the procedure were explained to patients. Written informed consent was obtained from each patient.

Result and Conclusion:
We conclude that opioid-free anesthesia is “more effective in reducing the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting, produces stable hemodynamics, and reduces incidence of side effects when compared with opioid-based general anesthesia in patients undergoing breast cancer surgeries.”
Intraarticular Distal End Radius Fractures Treated with Volar Locking Plate Variations
Authors: Gaonkar Nishant , Patil Nitin , Kolekar Anupam 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
“Distal end radius fractures” account for almost 16% of all fractures and are the most common kind of upper limb fractures treated in hospital emergency departments. “Distal end radial fractures” occur more often in younger people due to high-energy trauma than in older people due to low-energy trauma. When comparing women and men of the same age, proximal end radii fracture are more prevalent in women than men owing to significant osteoporosis and a higher tendency for accidents in older women.

Methodology:
This was a prospective interventional study in which participants were divided in to two groups.

Result and Conclusion:
Both groups in the study had comparable range of motion, with the exception of the forearm”, where the “variable angle volar locking plate” excelled. The risk of complications was low in both approaches. Thus we conclude that when it comes to treating “displaced intra-articular distal end radius” fractures, the variable angle volar locking plate is superior than the Ellis locking plate.
Assessment of Metal Ions Levels in Blood of Dental Implant Patients
Authors: Sharma Vivek , Agrawal Sneh , Sharma Deepak , Thorat Rohit , Srichand Reema , Dalave Pranita 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Dental implants use has significantly increased and the concentration of metal ions into blood may have detrimental effect of human body. The present study aimed to determine metal ions levels in blood of dental implants patients.

Materials and Methods:
48 patients scheduled for dental implant surgery was assessed for measurement of titanium and aluminum pre-operatively and post-operatively at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year.

Results:
Out of 48 patients, males were 22 (45.8%), and females were 26 (54.2%). The mean ± SD titanium metal levels in blood pre-operatively was 2.34 ± 0.47 mg/dl, at 6 weeks was 2.35 ± 0.48 mg/dl, at 3 months was 2.37 ± 0.52 mg/dl, at 6 months was 2.37 ± 0.42 mg/dl, and at 1 year was 2.38 ± 0.51 mg/dl. A non-significant difference was seen (P > 0.05). The mean ± SD aluminum metal levels in blood pre-operatively was 4.4 ± 0.12 mg/dl, at 6 weeks was 4.45 ± 0.14 mg/dl, at 3 months was 4.7 ± 0.13 mg/dl, at 6 months was 4.7 ± 0.21 mg/dl, and at 1 year was 4.8 ± 0.17 mg/dl. A non-significant difference was seen (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
A non- significant increase in titanium and aluminum ions level in blood of patients receiving dental implants was observed.
Aicardi syndrome
Authors: Greeshma MG , Nair Mohandas , Salim Safi 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Aicardi syndrome is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder occurring primarily in female children. It is thought to have X-linked dominant inheritance and the affected male foetuses do not survive to term. A 3-year-old girl child with refractory infantile spasms and corpus callosal agenesis was found to have chorioretinal lacunae in the left eye on fundus examination. A clinical diagnosis of Aicardi syndrome was made which was confirmed with intracranial imaging.
Ultrasound biomicroscopy: An invaluable asset in glaucoma
Authors: Snehi Sagarika , Singh Ashok Kumar , Kaushik Sushmita 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) is a non-invasive and high-resolution approach to studying anatomical characteristics and relationships among various anterior segment components. This imaging approach provides real-time cross-sectional images even in opaque corneas. It is especially valuable to assess lesions and document anatomical abnormalities, i.e., irido-cilliary complex, zonular abnormalities, and mass lesions in the anterior segment. This review article gives an overview of the UBM imaging technique and its applications to various types of Glaucoma.
Delayed presentation, deeper peril: Ophthalmia nodosa
Authors: Bhatia Agrima , Kumar Pawan Gampa , Mohan S. , Trehan Hemant Singh , Reddy Sridhara 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Ophthalmia nodosa is an ocular inflammatory reaction due to the lodging of foreign bodies such as caterpillar spines and tarantula hair. Initial manifestations include edematous eyelids, conjunctival injection associated with multiple corneal abrasions. Subsequent migration of insect hair anteriorly to posteriorly may result in nodular conjunctivitis, iridocyclitis, vitritis, and even panophthalmitis. We report a case of ophthalmia nodosa in a military recruit who presented to us 1 week after the injury. By the time, he presented the setae were deep-seated leading to significant ocular manifestations and was initially managed conservatively before actively intervening to remove the setae.
Keratoprosthesis
Authors: Arya A. H. , Jacob Dimple R. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Keratoprosthesis (Kpro) is considered as the last resort for bilateral endstage corneal blindness. Commonly performed Kpros are Boston Type 1 and 2 Kpros, Modified Osteoodonto Kpro, OsteoKpro, and Pintucci Kpro. These procedures require an exclusive setup, longterm follow-up, and postKpro care. There is always a significant long-term risk of complications of infection or extrusion of the device with these procedures as the keratoprosthesis is a foreign body. Most common complications of Kpro procedure are postoperative glaucoma, retroprosthetic membrane, sterile melts, and endophthalmitis.
Management of ocular surface irregularity with scleral contact lenses: Experience from a tertiary eye care center
Authors: Jabbar Aneeta 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose:
This review focuses on the optical and therapeutic benefits which can be offered to patients by evaluating them for scleral contact lenses, and the purpose of this study is to select the indications and to find out how efficient the scleral contact lenses are in treating severe corneal ectasias, highly irregular astigmatism and ocular surface diseases (OSDs) which are otherwise difficult to manage. This retrospective observational case series study analyzed a database of 50 consecutive patients (69 eyes) fitted with scleral lenses between January 2017 and December 2019. All consecutive eyes which were given scleral contact lens trials were analyzed.

Results:
The study population included 34 males and 16 females, with ages ranging from 7 to 80 years. The mean follow-up was 12 months. The mean wearing time in the successful wearers group was 12.2 hours per day (range 10–16). Vision improvement (optical purpose) was the reason for the fitting in 48 eyes (67.60%), and OSD management (therapeutic purpose) in 23 eyes (32.39%). In the former group, 56.52% (n = 26) had keratoconus, and 43.48% (n = 20) had irregular astigmatism other than keratoconus. Among the OSD patients, 56.52% had Steven Johnson syndrome (SJS) sequelae, 17.39% had severe dry eye, 17.39% had chemical injury sequelae, and 8.69% had xeroderma. Keratoconus patients achieved visual acuity of more than 20/32 in 92.3% of eyes. Among the SJS patients, 69.23% had more than 20/40 (38.46% had 20/20).

Conclusion:
There is compelling evidence in the literature that scleral contact lenses can provide good results for the challenging patient groups described in this review. We have experienced that scleral contact lenses expand the management of corneal pathologies, especially in OSDs.
Comparison of Bupivacaine and Lidocaine in the Treatment of Posttonsillectomy Pain in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Swain Santosh Kumar , Sahu Ansuman 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Tonsillectomy is one of the most common surgeries performed on children of all ages. Posttonsillectomy pain is frequently severe and long-lasting, increasing morbidity, and putting the patient, parents, relatives, and even hospital staffs under stress.

Objective:
The goal of this study was to see how effective topical bupivacaine and lidocaine in the tonsillar fossa are at controlling postoperative pain in pediatric tonsillectomy.

Materials and Methods:
This prospective study was done between May 2017 and June 2022 at a tertiary care teaching hospital. There were 126 patients enrolled in this study, with 77 boys and 49 girls. The age ranges of the patients were between 3 years and 16 years. All of the children were divided into three groups after their parents gave their informed consent. In Group 1, 42 patients received topical infiltration of 0.25% bupivacaine hydrochloride with 1:200,000 epinephrine at the tonsillar fossa just after the removal of the tonsil from the tonsillar bed. Group 2 included 42 children and received topical infiltration of lidocaine hydrochloride with 1:100,000 epinephrine in the tonsillar bed. Group 3 included 42 patients and received infiltration of 0.9% normal saline into the tonsillar bed just after tonsillectomy.

Results:
There was no statistically significant difference in the mean pain scores between the bupivacaine and lidocaine groups (P > 0.001). The difference between the two groups’ mean pain scores compared to the saline group was statistically significant (P < 0.001). None of the participants in the two groups experienced reactionary and secondary hemorrhage.

Conclusion:
Bupivacaine and lidocaine infiltration into the tonsillar bed just after tonsillectomy is effective for controlling posttonsillectomy pain in the pediatric age group.
Sistem Kearsipan di Bagian Umum pada Kantor Kelurahan Bunga Tanjung, Kecamatan Datuk Bandar Timur, Kota Tanjungbalai
Authors: Raihan An Nisa’u , Irham Mawaddah 
Published: May 2023

The motivation behind the review was to decide and describe the administration of documents at the Bunga Tanjung Village Office, Datuk Bandar Timur District, Tanjungbalai City. As well as to distinguish and describe the inhibiting variables in Archives Management in the Office. This study uses a strategy of subjective involvement and information assurance using a purposive testing procedure. In this review, the main resource person is the Head of Tanjung Balai Village, the witness is the staff who oversees correspondence and keeps documents with exploration concentrates, particularly Archives Management or records administration and its suppressing elements. Information collection methods used are perception, interview/interview, documentation. The information checking procedure used is an intuitive model investigation created by Miles and Huberman. The Document Management System in Bunga Tanjung District, Datuk Bandar Timur District, Tanjung Balai City was found that currently the management files have been completed properly, but not yet ideal and the overall administration includes recording or making, insertion, bookkeeping. with and contracting or destroying chronic The repressive elements are that positions have not been established, positions and foundations have not been neglected, there is no extraordinary archive of administrators (Arsiparis) and there are no copies in the archives.
Keywords: Archives, Records Management
Aspectos neuroquirúrgicos
Authors: Mateos-Gómez Humberto 
Published: May 2023

La neuroepidemiología es el estudio de la distribución de las enfermedades neurológicas en la población y de los posibles factores que las causan. Respondiendo a diversos cuestionamientos entre ellos porqué afecta determinado grupo o sexo sin importar ocupación o edad o si la enfermedad está disminuyendo o aumentando. Lo cual permite formular algunas hipótesis sobre la etiología.

Existen factores de error en estas investigaciones siendo el principal la educación de los pacientes potenciales para los cuales la aparición de un síntoma puede tener distintos significados y la preparación de los médicos de primer contacto que pueden o no diagnosticar la enfermedad y referir al paciente a un centro adecuado o no hacerlo hasta que lo avanzado de los síntomas lo haga evidente a través de una incapacidad física como la ceguera o la parálisis. Por último, existe el factor económico y social que le permita al enfermo acudir a un centro especializado donde pueda recibir el tratamiento adecuado.