bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of triglyceride glucose index and triglyceride HDL ratio with glucose levels, microvascular and macrovascular complications in Diabetes Mellitus Type-2
Authors: Mah jabeen Wajiha , Jahangir Basmah , Khilji Saba , Aslam Aqsa 
Published: July 2023

Objective: To find out the role of triglyceride glucose index (TGI) and triglyceride HDL ratio (THR) as predictors of insulin resistance and control of glucose status in type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Dr. Akbar Niazi Teaching Hospital, January-April 2022. A total of 56 individuals, both males and females aged 30-75 years having T2DM with fasting blood glucose ≥ 110 mg/dl and HbA1c ≥ 5.7% were included. Biochemical markers were estimated by applying standard methods. Independent sample t-test, Fisher exact test, and linear regression were applied.
Results: TGI and triglyceride HDL ratio were significantly raised (p=0.01) in patients with poor glycemic control as compared to controlled glucose levels (17.8 ± 4.7vs7.3 ± 1.75) and (3.84 ± 1.3vs2.12 ± 0.64) respectively. These two indices have a significant association (p=0.01) with HbA1c (r=0.963, r=0.757), fasting blood glucose (r=0.964, r=0.748), and HOMA-IR (r=0.955, r=0.718) respectively. Moreover, TGI and THR were found to have a more significant association with the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) (r=0.717, r=0.555) and a significant but weak association with nephropathy (r=0.385, r=0.302) respectively. Regression analysis revealed that both TGI and THR have significant predictive ability for HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, HOMA-IR and CVD (delta R2=0.738vs 0.408, 0.740vs0.395, 0.725vs0.362, 0.354vs0.170) respectively, after controlling all confounding variables.
Conclusions: TGI and THR have a strong association and predictive capability to identify insulin resistance and detect the development and progression of T2DM. Moreover, TGI can be more precisely used for prediction analysis as compared to THR.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.7389
How to cite this: Jabeen WM, Jahangir B, Khilji S, Aslam A. Association of triglyceride glucose index and triglyceride HDL ratio with glucose levels, microvascular and macrovascular complications in Diabetes Mellitus Type-2. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.7389
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Capital Optical Character Recognition Using Neural Network Based on Gaussian Filter
Authors: Astuti Erna Zuni , Sari Christy Atika , Syabilla Mutiara , Sutrisno Hendra , Rachmawanto Eko Hari , Doheir Mohamed 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: As digital technology advances, society needs to convert physical text into digital text. There are now many methods available for doing this. One of them is OCR (Optical Character Recognition), which can scan images [1]–[4] containing writing and turn them into digital text, making it easier to copy written text from an image. Text recognition in images is complex due to variations in text size, color, font, orientation, background, and lighting conditions.Methods: The technique of text recognition or optical character recognition (OCR) in images can be done using several methods, one of which is a neural network or artificial neural network. The artificial neural network method can help a computer make intelligent decisions with limited human assistance. Intelligent decisions can be made because the neural network can learn and model the relationship between nonlinear and complex input and output data. In this research, the scaled conjugated gradient is applied for optimization. SCG is very effective in finding the minimum value of a complex function, but it takes longer than some other optimization algorithms.Result/Findings: The dataset used is an image with a size of 28 x 28 which is changed in dimension to 784 x 1. This research uses 4000 epochs and obtained the best validation result at epoch 3506 with a value of 0.0087446. Results: From the statistical test results, the effect of perceived usefulness on ease of use has the highest level of influence, obtaining a test value of 3.6. Furthermore, the effect of the attitude towards using on the behavioral intention to use has the lowest level of influence, which obtained a test value of 1.2.Novelty: In this article, Gaussian filter is used as feature extraction to improve yield. Character detection results using a Gaussian filter are known to be almost 10% higher than those using only a neural network. The result with the Neural Network alone is 82.2%, while the Neural Network-Gaussian Filter produces 92.1%.
Сlinical and economic evaluation of various etiotropic chemotherapy regimens in patients with respiratory tuberculosis with multidrug and extensively drug resistance
Authors: Nikolenko N. Yu. , Kudlay D. A. , Borisov S. E. , Sannikova T. E. , Doktorova N. P. 
Published: July 2023

Objective: analysis of clinical and economic efficiency of various etiotropic chemotherapy regimes in patients with respiratory tuberculosis with multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant (MDR and XDR) pathogen using the pharmacoeconomic modeling method (Markov model).Material and methods. A single-centre, observational, retrospective, cohort study was performed, which included patients who received treatment in clinics and affiliated organizations of the main Moscow tuberculosis institution during 2014–2019 regarding respiratory tuberculosis with the MDR/XDR pathogen. The data of 1387 patients were analysed, of which 1093 patients received “optimized basic regimen” (OBR) in accordance with the Federal Clinical Recommendations of 2015, 294 patients received etiotropic therapy in accordance with the recommendations of the World Health Organization of 2018–2019. To evaluate economic efficiency, the pharmacoeconomic costeffectiveness analysis and pharmacoeconomic modeling were used. When assessing the economic costs of treatment, the direct costs (medical and non-medical) were taken into account.Results. The study results showed that 68.4% of patients in the group with bedaquiline-containing chemotherapy regimens reached the outcome of “treatment successfully completed” (patient was cured or transfered into the III group of dispensary follow-up) compared to 51.8% in the OBR group. The use of “new” etiotropic therapy regimens is most economically justified in patients with ХDR-tuberculosis with repeated treatment courses: incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) were 24,530.20 and 21,526.50 rubles per 1 patient. Markov model was developed, transitions from one state to another were evaluated according to the results of clinical observations during the first 2 years of research.Conclusion. The use of the dynamic model of the patient state made it possible to refine the estimates of the effectiveness of the compared etiotropic chemotherapy regimens for tuberculosis with MDR/XDR pathogen. Based on the results of modeling the dynamics of patients in the interval of 2 to 10 years of treatment, the use of “new” regimens provides a significant increase in the proportion of treatment success (by 16.1–29.8% in different groups of patients and at different times), a decrease in mortality (by 6.1–11.0%), and in the proportion of those who interrupted treatment (by 8.0–21.8%) in comparison with OBR.
Relationship between parameters of myocardial electrical remodeling and parameters of contractile function, deformation and myocardium work in patients with chronic heart failure with low left ventricular ejection fraction and atrial fibrillation
Authors: Sakhnova T. A. , Dobrovolskaya S. V. , Blinova E. V. , Uskach T. M. , Saidova M. A. 
Published: July 2023

Aim To compare electrocardiographic parameters and characteristics of myocardial contractility by echocardiography data in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) with low left ventricular ejection fraction (LV EF) and atrial fibrillation (AF).Material and methods The study included 66 patients with CHF and LV EF ≤40%. Electrocardiography was used to assess the QRS complex duration, QRS fragmentation, frontal QRS-T angle (fQRS-Ta), and 3D vectorcardiographic parameters, including the planarity of QRS loop, and the spatial QRS-T angle (sQRS-Ta). Echocardiography assessed LV EF, global longitudinal strain (GLS), global work index (GWI), global constructive work (GCW), global wasted work (GWW), and global work efficiency (GWE).Results Statistically significant correlations between electrocardiographic parameters and LV EF were not found. The presence of QRS fragmentation was associated with impaired GLS, higher GWW values, and lower GWE. A number of weak but significant correlations was observed: GLS worsened with increasing QRS duration, fQRS-Ta, and sQRS-Ta and decreasing QRS planarity index; GWW increased with increasing QRS duration; GWI, GCW, and GWE decreased as the QRS planarity index decreased. GWI decreased with increasing sQRS-Ta; GCW decreased with increasing fQRS-Ta and sQRS-Ta; GWE decreased with increasing QRS duration, fQRS-Ta and sQRS-Ta.Conclusion Correlations were found between indicators of myocardial electrical remodeling and parameters of myocardial contractility, strain, and performance in CHF patients with low LV EF and AF. Further study of these parameters may be promising for assessing the severity of changes in myocardial structure and function in patients with various cardiovascular pathologies.
Rankin-Cohen Brackets of Hilbert Hecke Eigenforms
Authors: Zhang Yichao , Zhou Yang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Over any fixed totally real number field with narrow class number one, we prove that the Rankin-Cohen bracket of two Hecke eigenforms for the Hilbert modular group can only be a Hecke eigenform for the dimension reason, except for a couple of cases where the Rankin-Selberg method does not apply. We shall also prove a conjecture of Freitag on the volume of Hilbert modular groups, and assuming a conjecture of Freitag on the dimension of the cuspform space, we obtain a finiteness result on eigenform product identities.
2020 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary: 11F41, 11F60, 11F67.
The Effects of Exposure of Petrochemical Products on Lung Function among Petrol Stations’ Workers at Khartoum City 2021
Authors: Alnour Ammar A.D , M.S.Mohammed Leenah , Mustafa Alamin , A.E.Dafaalh Roaa , Abaker Ameer A.M , A.Hamid Aidah , Batieh Ahmed , S.Ahmed Humeda 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: In areas nearby petrochemical industries, petrol/gas stations and due to direct exposure and elevated levels of fumes inhalation is associated with lung diseases and impairment of lung function. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of exposure to petrochemical products on lung function among petrol stations’ employees.
Methods and Material: This study was cross section study and the study area was in Khartoum City. It included all employees at 15 Nile petroleum stations (121). Only 64 employees satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria and agreed to participate in the study. The data were collected by personal interview questionnaire . Lung function tests were measured by digital spirometer and peak flow meter. The data was entered and analyzed using SPSS program version 25. Descriptive data was presented as means ± SD or percentages. The correlations between different variables were analyzed by ANOVA and Chi square test. P. value < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: the study showed that most of participants had abnormal FVC (78%). This abnormal FVC had a significant correlation with duration of work in years (P =0.04). Most of workers had abnormal FEV1 (89%). This abnormality had significant correlations with duration of work in years (P= 0.03).Additionally, most of workers had abnormal PEFR results (70%). This abnormality had no significant correlation with duration of work in years.
Conclusion: Most of study participants had abnormal function. Protective measures and regular checkup are necessary to prevent impaired lung function in petroleum stations' workers.
A Modified Hybrid Objective Model to Calculate the Weights of Cause and Effect Criteria in a System: DEMATEL and DEVELOPED SWARA (D-DS) Based Model
Authors: Ebrahimi Seyed Hossain 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCriteria weighting is a widely used and also an important feature of multi criteria decision making problems specially in engineering, computer science and management investigations. In particular in many studies related to complex systems there would be usually two main groups of cause and effect criteria. In this research it is intended to make an hybrid objective model comprising DEMATEL and SWARA techniques to assign classified weights to the subgroup of cause and effect criteria. As a main goal, the proposed hybrid model in this presented paper can afford to assign greater values for criteria who belong to cause group. In this regard we apply the objective information which derived from the parameters of (R, equal to sum of direct and indirect influence of a criteria), (R/C, named as net influence power of a criteria) and (R-C, named as net effect of a criteria) related to the final total influence matrix T in DEMATEL methodology. The main contribution in this work lies in utilizing the SWARA methodology and making us of its revision where the relatively Comparative ImportanceSj, applied in SWARA technique is reconfigured by some aggregation operators includingmax,EinsteinandHamacheroperators for obtaining more uniformed weights of cause and effect criteria relatively to SWARA basic methodology. Finally results shows that the (R/C) and (R-C)would transfer more clear and refined data and numeric information achieving better and highly reliable weights of criteria categorized into two groups of cause and effect group.
Moderation Effect of Intermediaries' Role in Selecting Channels between Digital and Traditional in Buying Health Insurance: A Study of Hyderabad
Authors: Nagamuralikrishna Pidugu , Gupta Vishwas 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this research study is to investigate the relationship between technology adoption and workforce productivity within the manufacturing industry. The study aims to identify the role of Intermediaries in assisting choice of channel.

Theoretical Framework: The study adopts a qualitative strategy and utilizes content analysis to analyze a significant amount of secondary data from theoretical and empirical reviews. Additionally, interviews with members of the relevant community were conducted to gather specific data for an unstructured questionnaire. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were performed to validate the proposed theoretical framework.

Design/Methodology/Approach: Data was collected from 384 software employees in Hyderabad, selected due to their likelihood of using both digital and traditional channels for purchasing insurance. The study employed a Likert scale questionnaire to measure respondents' perceptions of various factors influencing channel selection. SPSS 26 and AMOS were used for data analysis, including exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis.

Findings: The exploratory factor analysis revealed a six-factor channel selection model that explained 77.443% of the variance. All factors demonstrated high reliability (Cronbach's α > 0.883), and the final model consisted of 39 items. The confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the suitability of the model, as all fit indices met the criteria for absolute and incremental fitness.

Research, Practical & Social Implications: The study provides insights into the factors influencing channel selection in the context of health insurance purchases. It highlights the importance of intermediaries in the decision-making process and their role in moderating the relationship between various factors and channel selection. These findings have practical implications for insurance providers and intermediaries in developing effective marketing strategies and improving customer experience. Socially, the study contributes to a better understanding of the dynamics between digital and traditional channels in the insurance industry.

Originality/Value: This study contributes to the existing literature by examining the moderation effect of intermediaries on the relationship between factors influencing channel selection in the context of health insurance. The research extends the theoretical understanding of channel selection and provides empirical evidence in a specific geographical setting. The findings have practical implications for insurers, intermediaries, and policymakers, enhancing the value of this research in the insurance industry.
Analysis of the impact of near-infrared light on the skin surface to the cervical vertebrae
Authors: Nguyen Huu Nhat Thong , Trinh Tran Hong Duyen 
Published: July 2023

In the musculoskeletal system, the spine determines the life and movement of humans as well as that of all other vertebrates. The degenerative spine usually begins with damaged joints of the vertebral bodies, neck herniated disc, ligament, and then gradually occurs degeneration of the vertebrae, causing neck pain, especially when moving the neck area.Nowadays, along with the development of the biomedical field, low-power laser therapy is more prominent in its applicability in diagnosis and treatment. This paper describes the simulation results of low-level laser propagation from the skin surface to the cervical vertebrae with four wavelengths (633 nm, 780 nm, 850 nm, and 940 nm) by the Monte Carlo method. These simulation results are the base for analyzing the impact of near-infrared light and developing a low-level laser therapy device, that could be used clinically for treating the degenerative spine.
Tele-Psychiatry for College Students: Challenges, Opportunities, and Lessons Learned from the Pandemic
Authors: de Faria Ludmila , Kring Brunhild , Keable Helene , Menon Meera , Peluso Francesco , Notman Malkah , Ackerman Alexandra 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
College students are the human capital of a nation, and their college education lays the foundation for their success as future leaders of society. However, their ability to advance is often impeded by stress. Changes in lifestyle, increased academic workload, student debt, forming interpersonal relationships, and coping with new adult responsibilities may result in clinically significant anxiety and depression that require medical attention. Left untreated, these illnesses hinder academic progress and decrease graduation rates. College students constitute a highly mobile population frequently traveling for breaks and school-related activities and, as such, at increased risk of interruption and/or discontinuation of care.
The COVID-19 pandemic challenged our ability to offer consistent mental health care for students and forced us to implement public health measures that were long overdue. Temporary governmental policy changes allowing for the provision of remote care across state lines at the same reimbursement rate as in-person services were vital to student mental health recovery, retention in school, and graduation rates. The time-limited loosening of state-based medical licensure restrictions clearly demonstrated the feasibility, benefits, and dire need for widespread implementation of telehealth. These are important lessons that should inform future policies for student health.
In this paper, we advocate therefore, that the temporary loosening of the licensure restrictions and equitable reimbursement rates be codified into law. The current licensing regulations have not kept pace with the lived experience of college students or modern society in general. Given more mobile lifestyles, these restrictions result in frequent inevitable transitions of care which are highly undesirable. Even if providers outside metropolitan areas were readily available,1,2 these transitions of care are fraught with considerable risk for medical error. We also advocate for a national standardization of tele-psychiatry policy and procedures, including access to electronic health care records for providers taking care of matriculated students. To date, student mental health services are a patchwork of organizational models of varying funding and efficacy.
RESILIENSI AKADEMIK MAHASISWA PADA MATA KULIAH STATISTIKA DI MASA PANDEMI COVID 19
Authors: Syifa Abdullah 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRAKResiliensi akademik sangat dibutuhkan di mata kuliah tersebut. Hal ini dikarenakan mata kuliah statistika momok tersendiri bagi mahasiswa, terlebih dibutuhkan kemampuan matematis yang baik untuk memahaminya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengukur tingkat resiliensi akademik mahasiswa selama pembelajaran online statistika dimasa pandemi. Data yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini adalah data numerik, dan peneliti melakukan analisis statistika secara deskriptif tanpa melakukan pembuktian hipotesis. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 60 mahasiswa, yang dipilih melalui total sampling. Hasil penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa memiliki kategori sedang pada resiliensi akademik aspek penyesuaian diri (50%), aspek ketangguhan (43,33%), dan aspek pemecahan masalah (45%). Aspek kecerdasan menghadapi kesulitan mahasiswa memiliki kategori rendah (45%). Secara keseluruhan resiliensi akademik mahasiswa pada pembelajaran online statistika dimasa pandemi berkategori sedang (43,3%). Peningkatan resiliensi akademik dapat dilakukan melalui upaya internal dan eksternal. Upaya internalnya dengan menunjukkan posisi resiliensi akademik. Upaya eksternalnya dengan memotivasi mahasiswa oleh pihak luar untuk meningkatkan resiliensi akademik.Kata Kunci: Resiliensi Akademik, Kuliah Online StatitikaABSTRACTAcademic resilience is needed in this course. This is because the statistics course is a specter for students, moreover good mathematical skills are needed to understand it. The purpose of this study was to measure the level of student academic resilience during online statistics learning during a pandemic. The data collected in this research is numerical data, and the researcher performs statistical analysis descriptively without proving the hypothesis. The number of samples used was 60 students, selected through total sampling. The results of this study were that students were in the moderate category in terms of academic resilience in aspects of self-adjustment (50%), aspects of toughness (43.33%), and aspects of problem solving (45%). The aspect of intelligence in dealing with students' difficulties has a low category (45%). Overall, student academic resilience in online statistics learning during the pandemic was in the moderate category (43.3%). Increasing academic resilience can be done through internal and external efforts. Internal efforts by demonstrating a position of academic resilience. External efforts by motivating students by outsiders to increase academic resilience.Keywords : Academic Resilience, Statistics Online Course