bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multispecies coinfections and presence of antibiotics shape resistance and fitness costs in a pathogenic bacterium
Authors: Ashrafi Roghaieh , Bruneaux Matthieu , Sundberg Lotta‐Riina , Hoikkala Ville , Karvonen Anssi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIncreasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a challenge for treatment of bacterial diseases. In real life, bacterial infections are typically embedded within complex multispecies communities and influenced by the environment, which can shape costs and benefits of AMR. However, knowledge of such interactions and their implications for AMR in vivo is limited. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated fitness‐related traits of a pathogenic bacterium (Flavobacterium columnare) in its fish host, capturing the effects of bacterial antibiotic resistance, coinfections between bacterial strains and metazoan parasites (fluke Diplostomum pseudospathaceum) and antibiotic exposure. We quantified real‐time replication and virulence of sensitive and resistant bacteria and demonstrate that both bacteria can benefit from coinfection in terms of persistence and replication, depending on the coinfecting partner and antibiotic presence. We also show that antibiotics can benefit resistant bacteria by increasing bacterial replication under coinfection with flukes. These results emphasize the importance of diverse, inter‐kingdom coinfection interactions and antibiotic exposure in shaping costs and benefits of AMR, supporting their role as significant contributors to spread and long‐term persistence of resistance.
Modulation of bacterial membrane proteins activity by clustering into plasma membrane nanodomains
Authors: Dupuy Pierre , Gutierrez Claude , Neyrolles Olivier 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRecent research has demonstrated specific protein clustering within membrane subdomains in bacteria, challenging the long‐held belief that prokaryotes lack these subdomains. This mini review provides examples of bacterial membrane protein clustering, discussing the benefits of protein assembly in membranes and highlighting how clustering regulates protein activity.
Frontstage nursing and backstage growth: The emotional labour of student nurses in Dutch nursing homes
Authors: Slootman Marieke , Mudde Anne L. , The Anne‐Mei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe complex emotional work of nurses calls for more recognition of emotional labour and the incorporation of emotional labour in nursing education. Based on participant observation and semistructured interviews, we describe the experiences of student nurses in two nursing homes for elderly people with dementia in the Netherlands. We analyse their interactions using Goffman's dramaturgical view on the front and backstage behaviour and the distinction between surface acting and deep acting. The study reveals the complexity of emotional labour, as nurses swiftly adapt their communication styles and behavioural strategies between settings, patients, and even between moments within one interaction sequence, which shows that the theoretical binaries fail to fully capture their skills. Although student nurses take pride in their emotionally taxing work, the societal undervaluation of the nursing profession negatively impacts their self‐image and ambitions. More explicit recognition of these complexities would enhance their self‐appreciation. This calls for a professional ‘backstage area’ that allows nurses to articulate and strengthen their emotional labour skills. Educational institutions should provide this backstage for nurses‐in‐training to strengthen these skills as part of the professional skill set.
The relationship between central and mid‐peripheral motion perception and the hazard perception test in younger and older adults
Authors: Sepulveda Juan A. , Wood Joanne M. , Lacherez Philippe , Anderson Andrew J. , McKendrick Allison M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionVision standards for driving are typically based on visual acuity, despite evidence that it is a poor predictor of driving safety and performance. However, visual motion perception is potentially relevant for driving, as the vehicle and surroundings are in motion. This study explored whether tests of central and mid‐peripheral motion perception better predict performance on a hazard perception test (HPT), which is related to driving performance and crash risk, than visual acuity. Additionally, we explored whether age influences these associations, as healthy ageing impairs performance on some motion sensitivity tests.MethodsSixty‐five visually healthy drivers (35 younger, mean age: 25.5; SD 4.3 years; 30 older adults, mean age: 71.0; SD 5.4 years) underwent a computer‐based HPT, plus four different motion sensitivity tests both centrally and at 15° eccentricity. Motion tests included minimum displacement to identify motion direction (Dmin), contrast detection threshold for a drifting Gabor (motion contrast), coherence threshold for a translational global motion stimulus and direction discrimination for a biological motion stimulus in the presence of noise.ResultsOverall, HPT reaction times were not significantly different between age groups (p = 0.40) nor were maximum HPT reaction times (p = 0.34). HPT response time was associated with motion contrast and Dmin centrally (r = 0.30, p = 0.02 and r = 0.28, p = 0.02, respectively) and with Dmin peripherally (r = 0.34, p = 0.005); these associations were not affected by age group. There was no significant association between binocular visual acuity and HPT response times (r = 0.02, p = 0.29).ConclusionsSome measures of motion sensitivity in central and mid‐peripheral vision were associated with HPT response times, whereas binocular visual acuity was not. Peripheral testing did not show an advantage over central testing for visually healthy older drivers. Our findings add to the growing body of evidence that the ability to detect small motion changes may have potential to identify unsafe road users.
The “allergic nose as a pollen detector” concept: e‐Diaries to predict pollen trends
Authors: Matricardi Paolo Maria , Hoffmann Tara , Dramburg Stephanie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHirst pollen traps and operator pollen recognition are worldwide used by aerobiologists, providing essential services for the diagnosis and monitoring of allergic patients. More recently, semiautomated or fully automated detector systems have been developed, which facilitate prediction of pollen exposure and risk for the individual patient. In parallel, smartphone apps consisting of short questionnaires filled in daily by the patient/user provide daily scores, time trajectories, and descriptive reports of the severity of respiratory allergies in patients with pollen allergy. The usual scientific and clinical approach to this matter is to monitor the environment (pollen concentration) in order to predict the risk of symptoms (allergic rhinitis) in a population. We discuss here the opposite, contraintuitive possibility, that is, the use of e‐diaries to collect daily information of mono‐sensitized pollen‐allergic patients in order to predict the clinically efficient airborne exposure to a given pollen, area, and time period. In line with the “Patient as Sensor” concept, proposed in 2013 by Bernd Resch, the “allergic nose” may be used as a pollen detector in addition to existing calibrated hardware sensors, namely the pollen stations, thus contributing with individual measurements, sensations, and symptoms' perception. The target of this review is to present a novel concept of pollen monitoring based on “pollen‐detector” patients to inspire future cooperative studies aimed at investigating and hopefully validating our hypothesis.
Nitric oxide regulates mitochondrial biogenesis in plants
Authors: Kumari Aprajita , Kaladhar Vemula Chandra , Yadav Nidhi , Singh Pooja , Reddy Kishorekumar , Gupta Kapuganti Jagadis 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe site of nitric oxide (NO) production in mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase and the role of NO in mitochondrial biogenesis are not known in plants. By imposing osmotic stress and recovery on Arabidopsis seedlings we investigated the site of NO production and its role in mitochondrial biogenesis. Osmotic stress reduced growth and mitochondrial number while increasing NO production. During the recovery phase the mitochondrial number increased and this increase was higher in wild type and the high NO‐producing Pgb1 silencing line in comparison to the NO‐deficient nitrate reductase double mutant (nia1/nia2). Application of nitrite stimulated NO production and mitochondrial number in the nia1/nia2 mutant. Osmotic stress induced COX6b−3 and COA6‐L genes encoding subunits of COX. The mutants cox6b‐3 and coa6‐l were impaired both in NO production and mitochondrial number during stress to recovery suggesting the involvement of these subunits in nitrite‐dependent NO production. Transcripts encoding the mitochondrial protein import machinery showed reduced expression in cox6b‐3 and coa6‐l mutants. Finally, COX6b‐3 and COA6‐L interacted with the VQ27 motif‐containing protein in the presence of NO. The vq27 mutant was impaired in mitochondrial biogenesis. Our results suggest the involvement of COX derived NO in mitochondrial biogenesis.
The inclusion of engineered ZnO nanoparticles and bulk ZnSO4 in the growth medium distinctively modulate the root and leaf metabolome in bean plants
Authors: Salehi Hajar , Chehregani Rad Abdolkarim , Miras‐Moreno Begoña , Lucini Luigi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTogether with toxicity, beneficial effects on plant growth have been ascribed to nanoparticles (NPs). This study aimed to survey the growth performance and metabolome adjustment of beans grown in a growth medium containing ZnONPs at different concentrations and compared with bulk ZnSO4 as a positive control. Growth parameters showed a reduction in shoot height starting from the lowest (25 mg L−1) concentration of ZnONPs. In comparison, growth was inhibited from 50 mg L−1 ZnSO4, suggesting more toxic effects of nano forms of Zn. Untargeted metabolomics allowed us to unravel the biochemical processes involved in both promising and detrimental aspects. Multivariate statistics indicated that the tested Zn species substantially and distinctively altered the metabolic profile of both roots and leaves, with more metabolites altered in the former (435) compared with leaves (381). Despite having Zn forms in the growth medium, also leaf metabolome underwent a significant and extensive modulation. In general, the elicitation of secondary metabolism (N‐containing compounds, phenylpropanoids, and phytoalexins) and the down‐accumulation of fatty acid biosynthesis compounds were common responses to different Zn forms. However, an opposite trend could be observed for amino acids, fatty acids, carbohydrates, and cofactors being down‐accumulated in ZnONPs treatment. Osmolytes, especially in ZnSO4 treatment, contributed to mitigating the effect of Zn toxicity and maintaining plant growth. Overall, the results indicated a complexity of tissue‐specific and Zn‐dependent response differences, resulting in distinctive metabolic perturbations.
Effects of daily propylene glycol drenching during the Ovsynch protocol on fertility and metabolic parameters in lactating dairy cows
Authors: Cakircali Rabia , Karakaya‐Bilen Ebru , Guner Baris , Mecitoglu Zafer , Ortac Cihan Tolga , Keskin Abdulkadir , Orman Abdulkadir , Gümen Ahmet 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNegative energy balance (NEB) caused by restricted feed intake leads to body condition loss (BCS), increased metabolic stress and reduced fertility in dairy cows. Propylene glycol (PG) is a precursor of ruminal propionate for gluconeogenesis used to increase metabolic adaptation to the early postpartum period. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of daily drenching of PG during the fixed‐time artificial insemination (FTAI) protocol on beta‐hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA), glucose, adiponectin, insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF1) concentrations, follicle size and pregnancy rate in dairy cows. Cows (n = 148) were randomly divided into two groups and received either 300 mL of PG (PG‐OVS, n = 76) or 300 mL of water (CON‐OVS, n = 72) each day of the Ovsynch protocol (GnRH‐7 days‐PGF2α‐56 hours‐GnRH‐16‐18‐hour FTAI) between days 57 ± 3 to 67 ± 3 postpartum for the first service. Body condition scores (14 days before expected calving, at calving, on days 21 and 42 postpartum) were recorded. Blood samples were collected days 7 ± 3, 21 ± 3 postpartum, at the beginning of the Ovsynch (days 57 ± 3) and at the time of FTAI (days 67 ± 3) for measurements of BHBA, glucose, adiponectin and IGF1 concentrations. Ultrasonographic examinations were done to measure follicle size at the beginning of Ovsynch and FTAI and to determine pregnancy on days 30 and 60 following FTAI. There were no differences (p > .05) in glucose, adiponectin and IGF1 concentrations between the groups during the study. Although there was no difference (p > .05) in BHBA concentrations on postpartum day 7 ± 3, 21 ± 3 and 57 ± 3 between the groups, BHBA concentrations at the time of insemination was lower (p < .05) in the PG‐OVS group (0.72 ± 0.03 mmol/L) than in the CON‐OVS group (0.81 ± 0.03 mmol/L). Follicle sizes at the beginning of Ovsynch (PG‐OVS, 14.5 ± 0.48 mm; CON‐OVS, 14.3 ± 0.59 mm) and FTAI (PG‐OVS, 17.8 ± 0.52 mm; CON‐OVS, 17.7 ± 0.42 mm) were not different (p < .05). Pregnancy rate of the cows in the PG‐OVS group (46.1%, 35/76) was higher (p = .05) than in the CON‐OVS group (30.6%, 22/72) on day 30 following FTAI. In conclusion, decreasing serum BHBA concentrations at the time of FTAI by means of daily drenching of PG during the Ovsynch protocol, increased the pregnancy rate at first service in lactating dairy cows. On the other hand, blood glucose was not related with pregnancy rates in our study, probably as a result of our sampling time and more rapid fluctuations of blood glucose concentrations when compared to BHBA.
Situational stress and suicide attempt behavior in Army soldiers and veterans: Insights from the Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience inServicemembers‐LongitudinalStudy
Authors: Edwards Emily R. , Coolidge Brettland , Ruiz Danny , Epshteyn Gabriella , Krauss Alison , Gorman Daniel , Connelly Brigid , Redden Clare , El‐Meouchy Paul , Geraci Joseph 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionPrevention of suicide‐related behaviors is considered a top clinical priority within the Departments of Veterans Affairs and Defense. Despite previous literature attesting to the likely importance of situational stress as a key correlate of acute changes in suicide risk, longitudinal research into associations between situational stress and suicide‐related outcomes among military personnel has been relatively limited.MethodsThe current study examined associations between situational stress, recent suicide attempt, and future suicide attempt using data from 14,508 Army soldiers and recently discharged veterans enrolled in the Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers‐Longitudinal Studies (STARRS‐LS).ResultsRecent situational stress was more common among recently discharged veterans (vs. soldiers), those with a recent suicide attempt (vs. those without), and those with a subsequent suicide attempt (vs. those without). Job loss was more closely associated with suicide attempts among soldiers, whereas financial crisis, police contact, and death, illness, or injury of close others were more closely associated with suicide attempts among recently discharged veterans.ConclusionFindings further highlight situational stress as a salient risk factor for suicide‐related outcomes among military personnel, particularly among recently discharged veterans. Implications for screening and treatment of at‐risk military personnel are discussed.
Geography, ethnicity, genealogy and inter‐generational social inequality in Great Britain
Authors: Longley Paul , Lan Tian , van Dijk Justin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper documents population‐wide inequalities of outcome in Great Britain amongst and between long‐established and more recently arrived family groups. ‘Establishment’ is defined using family group presence in the 1851 Census of Population as a benchmark, and the ethnicity or nationality of more recent migrants is determined through classification of given and family names. Inequalities of outcome are measured using a harmonised indicator of neighbourhood deprivation (hardship). White British individuals tend to live in the best neighbourhoods, but within‐group inequalities reflect regional locations in which different family names were first coined 700 or more years ago. The living circumstances of White Irish and Chinese migrants are observed to be in line with long‐established White British family lines, but other conventionally defined ethnic groups fare worse, some very markedly so. Disaggregation of conventional ethnic groups used by the Office for National Statistics such as White Other and Other Asian reveals stark within‐group inequalities. These findings suggest: (a) regional origins of inter‐generational inequalities amongst the White British; (b) comparable neighbourhood environments experienced by the White Irish, Chinese and some White Other groups and (c) significantly worse neighbourhood circumstances within and between other more recently arrived immigrant groups. This work has several implications for understanding economic assimilation of migrants and the existence of inequalities amongst and between populations.
Rehabilitation effects of game therapy in people living with dementia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Li Jiashuai , Guo Yang , Yang Kaixi , Zhang Guoyu , Huang Kexiang , Zhou Jia , Sun Yue , Wang Zhiwen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundAs a devastating neurodegenerative disease, Alzheimer's disease (AD) imposes a considerable direct and indirect financial burden. However, effective drug treatment options are limited. In recent years, game therapy has become a research hotspot in this field.AimsThe purpose of this study was to synthesize the conclusions of existing studies and integrate the data to evaluate the effects of game therapy on people living with dementia (PLWD).MethodsWe included randomized clinical trials and quasi‐experimental studies which assessed the impacts of game therapy on PLWD and took cognitive function, quality of life, and depression as outcome indicators. Two trained researchers independently screened the studies, evaluated the quality, and extracted the data. Statistical analysis was performed by Review Manager (Revman) 5.3 and STATA16.0 software.ResultsThere were 12 studies involving 877 PLWD included, total. The results of the meta‐analysis demonstrated that the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores of the test group were significantly higher than that of the control group (SMD = 2.69, 95% CI [1.88, 3.51], p < .01), and the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia scores of the test group were significantly lower than those of the control group (SMD = −4.28, 95% CI [−6.96, −1.60], p < .01); but in terms of quality of life (SMD = 0.17, 95% CI [−0.82, 1.16], p = .74), the difference was not statistically significant.Linking Evidence to ActionGame therapy can improve cognitive function and depression in PLWD. The combination of different types of games can improve the different clinical symptoms of PLWD, and different intervention time also have different effects on the outcome, which shows that we can develop unique, systematic, safe, and scientific game intervention programs for PLWD to improve their cognitive function and depression.
DESIGN OF AN MRI-COMPATIBLE ROBOT FOR IMAGE-GUIDED NEEDLE INSERTION PROCEDURES USING ACTIVE TENDON-DRIVEN NEEDLES
Authors: Lafreniere Samuel , Sprouse Olivia Lee , Padilla Ryan Justin , Konh Bardia 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Visualization and tip tracking of needles inside the body in needle-based interventions are usually challenging using conventional medical imaging modalities such as ultrasound and CT. MRI provides an amazing imaging feedback for the operator to target lesions with a great confidence. However, the needle should be operated teleoperatively using a robot interface. This work introduces a novel design of an MRI-compatible (slave) robot for image-guided needle insertions. The robot is designed with MRI-compatible materials and actuators to enable manual initial positioning inside the MRI bore prior to operation, as well as robotic teleoperation (insertion and actuation) of an active tendon-driven needle towards targets. The range of motion is shown to be appropriate for transperineal prostate interventions such as prostate biopsy and brachytherapy.
ON THE DESIGN OF ULTRA-WIDE BAND ANTIPODAL VIVALDI ANTENNA FOR BIOMEDICAL SENSORS
Authors: Samaddar Poulami , Nusrat Tasin , Gaddam Sunil , Leggett Cadman L. , Dey Shuvashis , Mitra Dipankar , Roy Sayan , Arunachalam Shivaram P. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Designing an effective antenna is very important to utilize microwave imaging. A high gain antipodal antenna designed with ultra-wideband frequency range is presented here. The simulated results are validated with measured data. The antenna can operate within the Ultra band frequency range of 3 to 8 GHz. The maximum gain of 2.96 dBi is obtained at 4 GHz. An experiment with biological tissues is also done to show the effectiveness of the antenna using as a resonator.
DETECTING PULMONARY EDEMA THROUGHOUT EX VIVO LUNG PERFUSION
Authors: Nadybal Ryan , Wang Andrew , Iaizzo Paul A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion (EVLP) is now a powerful clinical technique that has facilitated the increase in successful human lung transplantation procedures. By having the abilities to assess marginal lungs, extend preservation times, and expand geographical distances for donations, EVLP has effectively both expanded the human lung transplantation donor pool and shortened times on the transplant waitlist. While clinical usage has expanded, preclinical research on EVLP has not. EVLP can be utilized as a preclinical research model, i.e., to investigate pharmacological responses (e.g., post-conditioning agents), organ preservation, device testing and/or methodology development. To facilitate the use of EVLP as a research tool, we have developed a low-cost testing system with ever increasing capabilities e.g., the use of a novel continuous weight sensor to evaluate lung edema. Real time tracking of edema allows us to hone in on potential causes of lung damage, and investigate techniques to rehabilitate and mitigate damage on a short time scale (&lt;8 hours). This system enhances our abilities to accurately test medical devices, lung physiology, and potential treatment impacts on lungs.
HYPER-LOCAL AIR ZONE EVALUATOR (HAZE): AN OPEN SOURCE SYSTEM FOR PERSONAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE MONITORING
Authors: Yetkin Oguz , Terry Brian B. , Baptist Joshua R. , Nielsen Alex C. , Cordner Jessica , Gowda Sanjay 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Personal environmental exposure monitoring is an important method for evaluating detrimental effects of pollutants (or otherwise) on human health. We present an open source, affordable personal environmental exposure monitoring system based on off-the shelf components. The system is meant to be worn around the neck for continuous environmental monitoring, which can be useful for future epidemiological studies as well as personal exposure monitoring. We provide the schematics for the Printed Circuit Board as well as the firmware to run the system under a permissive license. Specifically, the system is designed to count airborne particles (PM0.5, PM1.0, PM2.5, PM4.0, PM10), measure CO, CO2, O3, H2S, as well as temperature, pressure, motion, and the relative presence of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). This low-cost and open-source device presented here is an important step to empower individuals, researchers, and underserved communities alike to better understand how daily life within one’s own environments impacts our health and welfare.