bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decision Tree for 305-day Milk Yield in Cross-bred Cattle
Authors: Sharma Rohit , Chaudhary J.K. , Hada Renuka , Gaur Parth , Singh N. Shyamsana , Tolenkhomba T.C. , Sharma Smriti 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Cows' Lactation Milk Yield (LMY) is a crucial factor in animal breeding operations. Investigating the influence of potential environmental factors on lactation milk yield is of paramount importance and in order to identify the various factors influencing lactation milk yield, dairy cattle records were analysed using the regression tree approach. Age, Parity (P), Lactation Length (LL), and Calving Season (CS) were taken into account as explanatory variables while 305-day Milk Yield (MY) as a dependent variable. Decision tree study revealed that Lactation Length, followed by Parity, Age, and Calving Season, had the greatest impact on the 305-d milk output of cross-bred cows. It was evident from nodes (branches) in regression tree, that cows with parities of 1 and 4 (node 11) produced less milk than cows with parities of 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 and 8 (node 10). More milk was produced by cows older than 4.3 years and whose calving seasons were spring and summer (node 40). With the use of the regression tree method, we were able to extract sub-homogenous groups based on the explanatory variables from records of cross-bred cattle and determine the combinations of environmental conditions that produced the maximum 305-d milk yield.
Population biology of three satyrine species (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) in a suburban habitat
Authors: Dutra Humberto Paula , Freitas André 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Decades after the publication of the first population studies on Neotropical butterflies, knowledge of their population biology remains scarce in the literature. Inconspicuous groups like the nymphalid subfamily Satyrinae are often overlooked, and studies that examine the demographics of these neglected groups are paramount for a more comprehensive understanding of insect population dynamics. The present paper addresses this dearth of information by describing the population biology of three common species of Euptychiina (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) butterflies, Hermeuptychia atalanta, Cissia eous and Malaveria affinis, in a suburban area. A 13-month mark-release-recapture study was carried out in the grass lawns of the University of Campinas, São Paulo State Southeastern Brazil. The results showed that population parameters differ among the three studied species. For example, the population of H. atalanta is about five times that of of C. eous, which is four times larger than that of M. affinis. Sex ratios were male-biased in H. atalanta and C. eous, but not in M. affinis (whose sex ratio was 1:1). Hermeuptychia atalanta and C. eous had mean adult lifespans of approximately one week, with no variation between sexes. Malaveria affinis, however, had a lifespan of approximately 11 days for males and just 5 days for females. Age structures were similar in all three species, with no recruitment peaks detected throughout the year. Sexual dimorphism, based on wing size, was not observed in H. atalanta, but a clear pattern of dimorphism with larger females was observed for the other two species. The present study is the first to describe population parameters for Euptychiina in detail, and one of the few focusing on population biology of butterflies in suburban areas. Indeed, the present results could help to define strategies of lawn management for the campus, aiming to increase local biodiversity and consequently improve ecosystem services.
High Effectiveness of Lenvatinib Plus Pembrolizumab in the NSMP/MMRd Molecular Subtype of Endometrial Cancer: A Real-World Data Analysis
Authors: CHIBA Yohei , Kagabu Masahiro , Osakabe Mitsumasa , Ito Rikako , Sato Sho , Takatori Eriko , Kaido Yoshitaka , Nagasawa Takayuki , Shoji Tadahiro , Yanagawa Naoki , Baba Tsukasa 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: The Proactive Molecular Risk Classifier for Endometrial Cancer (ProMisE) has identified four risk groups for the prognosis of endometrial cancer (EC). However, the prognostic impact of these subgroups on lenvatinib (LEN) plus pembrolizumab (PEM) administered as subsequent therapy after relapse is unknown. This study aimed to explore the effectiveness and safety of LEN/PEM therapy for recurrent EC using the ProMisE molecular classification.
Methods:This single-center retrospective study included patients who underwent LEN/PEM therapy at Iwate Medical University Hospital between January 2022 and March 2023. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens obtained from patients before treatment were collected and classified into the mismatch repair-deficient (MMRd), p53 abnormal (p53abn), and no specific molecular profile (NSMP) subtypes using immunohistochemistry (IHC). The response rate, progression-free survival (PFS), and adverse events were evaluated using electronic medical records. The study was approved by the hospital’s ethics committee (approval number: MH2022-093).
Results: This study enrolled 20 patients, who underwent a median follow-up of 10.7 months [95% confidence interval (CI): 8.9-12.4]. The best overall response rate was 60.0% (36.1–80.9) and the median PFS was 9.3 months (4.4-14.3). The median PFS in the p53abn group (n=8) was 3.2 months (2.3-4.2); however, PFS did not reach the median (p = 0.001) in the MMRd/NSMP group (n=12). Symptomatic immune-related adverse events (except hypothyroidism) occurred in 4/20 (25.0%) patients, and a response was observed in all cases, irrespective of the molecular subtype. No treatment-related deaths occurred.
Conclusion: The IHC-based ProMisE molecular classification system provides useful information for patient selection for LEN/PEM therapy.
Pax3 deficiency diminishes melanocytes in the developing mouse cochlea
Authors: Udagawa Tomokatsu , Takahashi Erisa , Tatsumi Norifumi , Mutai Hideki , Kondo Yuko , Atkinson Patrick J. , Matsunaga Tatsuo , Yoshikawa Mamoru , Kojima Hiromi , Okabe Masataka , Cheng Alan G. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Cochlear melanocytes are intermediate cells in the stria vascularis that generate endocochlear potentials required for auditory function. Human PAX3 mutations cause Waardenburg syndrome and abnormalities of melanocytes, manifested as congenital hearing loss and hypopigmentation of skin, hair and eyes. However, the underlying mechanism of hearing loss remains unclear. During development, cochlear melanocytes in the stria vascularis are dually derived from Pax3-Cre+ melanoblasts migrating from neuroepithelial cells including neural crest cells and Plp1+ Schwann cell precursors originated from also neural crest cells, differentiating in a basal-apical manner. Here, using a Pax3-Cre mouse line, we found that Pax3 deficiency causes foreshortened cochlea, malformed vestibular apparatus, and neural tube defects. Lineage tracing and in situ hybridization show that Pax3-Cre derivatives contribute to S100+ , Kir4.1+ and Dct+ melanocytes (intermediate cells) in the developing stria vascularis, all significantly diminished in Pax3 mutant animals. Taken together, these results suggest that Pax3 is required for the development of neural crest cell-derived cochlear melanocytes, whose absence may contribute to congenital hearing loss of Waardenburg syndrome in human.
Glaciation of mixed-phase clouds by dry ice to cool the Arctic
Authors: Zapalac Geordie 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Arctic stratus or stratocumulus mixed-phase clouds have a substantial effect on the Arctic radiation budget1 and winter sea ice growth is sensitive to long wavelength radiative forcing.2 Clouds with a liquid water profile greater than 30 g m-2 are blackbody absorbers for terrestrial long wavelength radiation and increase the terrestrial forcing by roughly 40 W m-2 over clear skies or ice-only clouds.1, 3 This report proposes glaciating Arctic mixed-phase clouds by seeding with dry ice during the winter months of November through February to restore summer sea ice and Arctic albedo. Seeding is performed by aircraft above the clouds dropping 1 kg km-1 of dry ice pellets in parallel tracks spaced by 1.2 km. Each track creates a curtain of ice crystals that diffuse through the cloud, glaciating the cloud by the Wegener-Bergeron-Findeisen process. The ice crystal and water vapor concentrations are simulated during a 4 day period after seeding for different assumptions of the eddy diffusion coefficient.
Immunometric study and examination of physical and chemical characteristics of spark plasma
Authors: Lotfi Mohammad Reza , Khani Mohammadreza , Razaghiha Elahe , Ghasemi Erfan , Shokri Babak 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In recent years, Spark Plasma has been used as a rejuvenation and correction method to treat some problems, such as signs of aging or some other skin problems. In this study, the physical and chemical characteristics of one of the spark plasmas generating devices have been examined, and an attempt has been made to compare the results with international standards. In this study, the device’s electrical characteristics, such as electric discharge current, leakage current, voltage, and power of the device, have been examined to ensure no risk to the health of patients and consumers of such devices. In the following, the chemical analysis of the gas emitted as a product of skin being treated has been discussed, and the positive and negative points of the presence of these gases, their concentration, and their diffusion distance have been investigated. The skin temperature is measured before, during, and after processing to predict any possible risk. Ultraviolet radiation, which is one of the leading causes of skin problems and the loss of skin strength, has been investigated in this study and compared with the standards compiled for this wavelength of electromagnetic radiation to all safety points in this field can be specified. In this study, the area of the created scabs has been investigated so that the device can be best adjusted to achieve the desired result in any therapeutic field, such as rejuvenation or xanthelasma treatment. Also, skin characteristics such as perfusion and oxygen supply after plasma treatment have been investigated using a hyperspectral camera so that changes in these vital skin characteristics can be monitored.
Immunopeptidome mining reveals a novel ERS-induced target in T1D
Authors: Wang Lina , Li Jie , Yang Shushu , Meng Gang , Chen Xiaoling , Mengjun Zhang , Shufeng Wang , Li Xiangqian , Wu Yuzhang , Wang Li 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Autoreactive CD8+ T cells play a key role in type 1 diabetes (T1D), but the antigen spectrum that activates autoreactive CD8+ T cells remains unclear. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) has been implicated in β cell autoantigen generation. Here, we analyzed the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I)-associated immunopeptidome (MIP) of islet β cells under steady-state and ERS conditions and found a small number of peptides that were exclusively present in the MIP of the ERS-exposed β cell line. Among them, OTUB258 − 66 showed immunodominance, and the corresponding autoreactive CD8+ T cells were diabetogenic in NOD mice. High glucose intake upregulated pancreatic OTUB2 expression and amplified the OTUB258 − 66-specific CD8+ T-cell response in NOD mice. Repeated OTUB258 − 66 administration significantly reduced the T1D incidence in these mice. This study provides novel β cell autoantigens for developing specific immune interventions for T1D prevention and treatment. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD041227.
Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of High- and Low- Embryogenic Hevea brasiliensis Genotypes Reveals Involvement of Phytohormones in Somatic Embryogenesis
Authors: Li Ling , Sun Xiaolong , Yu Wencai , Gui Mingchun , Qiu Yanfen , Tang Min , Tian Hai , Liang Guoping 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background Rubber plant (Hevea brasiliensis) is one of the major sources of latex. Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a promising alterative to its propagation by grafting and seed. Phytohormones have been shown to influence SE in different plant species. However, limited knowledge is available on the role of phytohormones in SE inHevea. The anther cultures of twoHeveagenotypes (Yunyan 73477-YT) and Reken 628-RT) with contrasting SE rate were established and four stages i.e., anthers (h), anther induced callus (y), callus differentiation state (f), and somatic embryos (p) were studied. UPLC-ESI-MS/MS and transcriptome analyses were used to study phytohormone accumulation and related expression changes in biosynthesis and signaling genes. Results YT showed higher callus induction rate than RT. Of the two genotypes, only YT exhibited successful SE. We detected auxins, cytokinins (CKs), abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), gibberellins (GAs), and ethylene (ETH) in the two genotypes. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), CKs, ABA, and ETH had notable differences in the studied stages of the two genotypes. The DEGs identified in treatment comparisons were majorly enriched in MAPK and phytohormone signaling, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, and metabolic pathways. The expression changes in IAA, CK, ABA, and ETH biosynthesis and singling genes confirmed the differential accumulation of respective phytohormones in the two genotypes. Conclusion These results suggest potential roles of phytohormones in SE inHevea.
Factors associated with violent crime in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Lin Ruoheng , Li Qiguang , Liu Ziwei , Zhong Shaoling , Sun Qiaoling , Huang Ying , Cao Hui , Zhang Xiangbin , Zhou Jiansong , Wang Xiaoping 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The relationship between schizophrenia and violence is heterogeneous and complex. The aim of this study was to explore the characteristics and the potential risk factors for violence crime in patients with schizophrenia. We conducted a retrospective case-control study, with patients with schizophrenia who were forensically suspected to have committed violent crimes at the Judicial Psychiatric Identification Unit of Xiangya Second Hospital of Central South University from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2016 used as the studied subjects (the violent group) and patients with schizophrenia who had no history of violent crimes used as controls (the non-violent group). There were 308 individuals in the violent group [subdivided into the homicide group (n = 155) and the injury group (n = 153)] and 139 individuals in the non-violent group. A risk model showed that a history of violence (OR = 2.88, 95% CI: 1.79-4.64) and persecutory delusions (OR = 2.57, 95% CI: 1.63-4.06) were associated with an increased risk of violence, whereas treatment during the previous 4 weeks (OR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.16-0.51) and insight (OR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.14-0.62) were associated with a decreased risk of violence. This study provided useful clinical information to identify risk factors for violence and develop better strategic programs to manage violence in patients with schizophrenia.
Association of verbal and non-verbal theory of mind abilities with non-coding variants of OXTR in youth with autism spectrum disorder and typically developing individuals: a case-control study
Authors: Ghamari Rana , Tahmaseb Mohammad , Sarabi-Jamab Atiye , Etesami Seyed-Alireza , Mohammadzadeh Azar , Alizadeh Fatemeh , Tehrani-Doost Mehdi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The ability to attribute mental states to others is called theory of mind (ToM) and is a substantial component of social cognition. This ability is abnormally developed in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Several studies over the past decade have identified the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) and its variants as promising components for explaining the molecular mechanisms underlying Theory of Mind (ToM). The main aim of this study is to examine the association between rs2268498 and rs53576, two functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and verbal and non-verbal ToM in children and adolescents with ASD compared with a group of typically developing youth.
Methods
The study involved 44 children and adolescents with high-functioning ASD aged 8 to 18 years old and 44 TD individuals who were matched on age and sex. In all participants, blood samples were collected and rs2268498 and rs53576 were genotyped. Happe's Strange Stories test and the moving shapes paradigm were used to measure verbal and non-verbal ToM in all participants.
Results
the results of permutation tests and logistic regression suggested that in TD group, rs2268498 AA carriers showed significant higher scores in variables representing verbal ToM (ToM stories and appropriateness score) whereas, in ASD group, rs53576 AA carriers exhibited significant better performance in parameters related to non-verbal ToM (ToM general rule and intentionality score). The results of hierarchical clustering in both groups support the findings by distinguishing between language-related and language-independent aspects of ToM.
Conclusion
In the present study, we examined the association between rs2268498 and rs53576 and social functioning in individuals with ASD and TD group. We found preliminary evidence that rs2268498 and rs53576 are associated with ToM related abilities in healthy individuals as well as in autistic individuals. Accordingly, rs2268498 may play an important role in predicting ToM capabilities. It will be necessary to conduct further research to address the association of genetic variants with a deficit in ToM in individuals with ASD.
Heterogeneous factors influence social cognition across diverse settings in brain health and age-related diseases
Authors: Fittipaldi Sol , Legaz Agustina , Maito Marcelo , Hernandez Hernan , Altschuler Florencia , Canziani Veronica , Moguilner Sebastian , Gillan Claire , Castillo Josefina , Lillo Patricia , Custodio Nilton , Avila-Funes José , Cardona Juan , Slachevsky Andrea , Henriquez Fernando , Fraile-Vazquez Matias , de Souza Leonardo Cruz , Borroni Barbara , Hornberger Michael , Lopera Francisco , Santamaria-Garcia Hernando , Matallana Diana , Reyes Pablo , Gonzalez-Campo Cecilia , Bertoux Maxime , Ibanez Agustin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Aging may diminish social cognition, which is crucial for interaction with others, and significant changes in this capacity can indicate pathological processes like dementia. However, the extent to which non-specific factors explain variability in social cognition performance, especially among older adults and in global settings, remains unknown. A computational approach assessed combined heterogeneous contributors to social cognition in a diverse sample of 1063 older adults from 9 countries. Support vector regressions predicted the performance in emotion recognition, mentalizing, and a total social cognition score from a combination of disparate factors, including clinical diagnosis (healthy controls, subjective cognitive complaints, mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer’s disease, behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia), demographics (sex, age, education, and country income as a proxy of socioeconomic status), cognition (cognitive and executive functions), structural brain reserve, and in-scanner motion artifacts. Cognitive and executive functions and educational level consistently emerged among the top predictors of social cognition across models. Such non-specific factors showed more substantial influence than diagnosis (dementia or cognitive decline) and brain reserve. Notably, age did not make a significant contribution when considering all predictors. While fMRI brain networks did not show predictive value, head movements significantly contributed to emotion recognition. Models explained between 28–44% of the variance in social cognition performance. Results challenge traditional interpretations of age-related decline, patient-control differences, and brain signatures of social cognition, emphasizing the role of heterogeneous factors. Findings advance our understanding of social cognition in brain health and disease, with implications for predictive models, assessments, and interventions.
Foci-Xpress: Automated and fast nuclear foci counting tool
Authors: Moon Jae-I , Kim Woo-Jin , Kim Ki-Tae , Kim Hyun-Jung , Shin Hye-Rim , Yoon Heein , Park Seung Gwa , Park Min-Sang , Cho Young-Dan , Kim Pil-Jong , Ryoo Hyun-Mo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Quantification of DNA damage-induced foci can be used to determine DNA damage caused by oxidative stress, radiation, or aging. γH2AX, a form of phosphorylated histone H2A induced by DNA double-strand breaks, is one of the most sensitive markers of DNA damage. Counting foci is tedious and time-consuming for researchers. We developed open-source software that automatically counts the number of foci from the indicated image files. We compared the γH2AX foci counting efficiency, velocity, accuracy, and convenience of the Foci Xpress with those of other conventional methods in an oxidative DNA-induced model. We can adjust the brightness of γH2AX foci to designate a threshold of foci and assign damaged cells that have 10 or more foci over the threshold in the nucleus. The Foci-Xpress method was much faster than other conventional methods. The accuracy was similar to that of conventional methods. The biggest strength of Foci-Xpress was automation, which freed researchers from analysing equipment while counting. The greater the number of images to be counted, the greater the number of advantages. In addition, automation completely ruled out biases caused by researchers, such as individual or daily variations. Thus, Foci-Xpress is a convincing, convenient, and easily accessible focus-counting tool for cell biologists.
Biogenic Zinc oxide nanoparticles from Celosia argentea : Toward improved antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer activities
Authors: Alghamdi Rana Abdullah , Al-Zahrani Maryam Hassan , Altarjami Lamaia R , Abdulmonem Waleed Al , Samir Nadia , Said Alaa , Mohamed W. S. , Ezzeldien Mohammed 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this work, biogenic ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were greenly synthesized from Celosia argentea plant extract. Structural analysis confirms the successful synthesis of biogenic Zinc Oxide NPs from C. argentea extract and the produced NPs have average particle size 21.55 ± 4.73 nm with a semispherical shape and specific surface area about 50 m2/g. The biogenic synthesized ZnO NPs showed a powerful radical scavenging activity (Ic50 = 91.24 µg/ml) comparing with ascorbic acid (ASC) as standard (Ic50 = 14.37 µg/ml). Using an agar diffusion disk, the antibacterial efficacy was tested against both + 1 gm and − 1 gm bacteria. In gram positive strains, biogenic ZnO NPs had a greater bactericidal impact than gram negative strains in a concentration dependent manner. Anticancer activity against HepG2 was evaluated using MTT assay, the results reflect the concentration dependent cytotoxic effect of biogenic ZnO NPs against HepG2 cells even at low concentrations with Ic50 = 49.45 µg/ml. Using RT-PCR and flowcytometry, the cell cycle and gene expression were analyzed to determine the potential anticancer mechanism. The results showed that biogenic ZnO NPs activate the apoptotic genes NF-κB, CY-C and P53, which start the apoptotic process. These results suggested that C. argentea improved the antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer activities of ZnO NPs without altering its structural properties, which make it a potential candidate in many of the biomedical applications.