bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal associations between resting-state, interregional theta-beta phase-amplitude coupling, psychological distress, and wellbeing in 12–15-year-old adolescents
Authors: Sacks Dashiell D , Schwenn Paul E , Boyes Amanda , Mills Lia , Driver Christina , Gatt Justine M , Lagopoulos Jim , Hermens Daniel F 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Cross-frequency coupling between the phase of slower oscillatory activity and the amplitude of faster oscillatory activity in the brain (phase-amplitude coupling; PAC), is a promising new biological marker for mental health. Prior research has demonstrated that PAC is associated with mental health. However, most research has focused on within-region theta-gamma PAC in adults. Our recent preliminary study found increased theta-beta PAC was associated with increased psychological distress in 12 year olds. It is important to investigate how PAC biomarkers relate to mental health and wellbeing in youth. Thus, in this study, we investigated longitudinal associations between interregional (posterior–anterior cortex) resting-state theta-beta PAC (Modulation Index [MI]), psychological distress and wellbeing in N = 99 adolescents (aged 12–15 years). In the right hemisphere, there was a significant relationship, whereby increased psychological distress was associated with decreased theta-beta PAC and psychological distress increased with increased age. In the left hemisphere, there was a significant relationship, whereby decreased wellbeing was associated with decreased theta-beta PAC and wellbeing scores decreased with increased age. This study presents novel findings demonstrating longitudinal relationships between interregional, resting-state theta-beta PAC and mental health and wellbeing in early adolescents. This EEG marker may facilitate improved early identification of emerging psychopathology.
Dynamic network reorganization underlying neuroplasticity: the deficits-severity-related language network dynamics in patients with left hemispheric gliomas involving language network
Authors: Yuan Binke , Xie Hui , Gong Fangyuan , Zhang Nan , Xu Yangwen , Zhang Hanqing , Liu Jiaxuan , Chen Lifeng , Li Chaoqun , Tan Shiyao , Lin Zonghui , Hu Xin , Gu Tianyi , Cheng Jingliang , Lu Junfeng , Liu Dongqiang , Wu Jinsong , Yan Jing 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Brain network dynamics not only endow the brain with flexible coordination for various cognitive processes but also with a huge potential of neuroplasticity for development, skill learning, and after cerebral injury. Diffusive and progressive glioma infiltration triggers the neuroplasticity for functional compensation, which is an outstanding pathophysiological model for the investigation of network reorganization underlying neuroplasticity. In this study, we employed dynamic conditional correlation to construct framewise language networks and investigated dynamic reorganizations in 83 patients with left hemispheric gliomas involving language networks (40 patients without aphasia and 43 patients with aphasia). We found that, in healthy controls (HCs) and patients, the language network dynamics in resting state clustered into 4 temporal-reoccurring states. Language deficits-severity-dependent topological abnormalities of dFCs were observed. Compared with HCs, suboptimal language network dynamics were observed for those patients without aphasia, while more severe network disruptions were observed for those patients with aphasia. Machine learning-based dFC-linguistics prediction analyses showed that dFCs of the 4 states significantly predicted individual patients’ language scores. These findings shed light on our understanding of metaplasticity in glioma.
Glioma-induced language network reorganizations were investigated under a dynamic “meta-networking” (network of networks) framework. In healthy controls and patients with glioma, the framewise language network dynamics in resting-state robustly clustered into 4 temporal-reoccurring states. The spatial but not temporal language deficits-severity-dependent abnormalities of dFCs were observed in patients with left hemispheric gliomas involving language network. Language network dynamics significantly predicted individual patients’ language scores.
Separation and Purification of Bamboo Leaf Flavones by Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone Adsorption
Authors: Qian Junqing , Zhu Hanxiao , Zhang Jiangliu , Zhao Changyan , Li Xinchen , Guo Hui 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In view of the adsorption performance of polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP) to flavones, the adsorption and purification of bamboo leaf flavones (BLFs) by PVPP were studied. The flavones solution was adsorbed by PVPP column chromatography, and then establish a relatively effective method for elution and purification of flavones from bamboo leaf. The optimal separation conditions of column chromatography were determined as the following: the feed concentration of 10 mg/mL, the ratio of diameter to height of 1:1.9, eluents of deionized water (21 mL) and 70% ethanol (800 mL) with a flow rate of 0.33 mL/min. The purity of flavones obtained from ethanol eluents (80–480 mL) was 96.2%. This showed that the PVPP had an ideal adsorption and purification effect on BLFs.
Intravenous to Oral Antibiotic Switch Therapy Among Patients Hospitalized With Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Authors: Deshpande Abhishek , Klompas Michael , Guo Ning , Imrey Peter B , Pallotta Andrea M , Higgins Thomas , Haessler Sarah , Zilberberg Marya D , Lindenauer Peter K , Rothberg Michael B 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a leading cause of hospital admissions and antimicrobial use. Clinical practice guidelines recommend switching from intravenous (IV) to oral antibiotics once patients are clinically stable.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adults admitted with CAP and initially treated with IV antibiotics at 642 US hospitals from 2010 through 2015. Switching was defined as discontinuation of IV and initiation of oral antibiotics without interrupting therapy. Patients switched by hospital day 3 were considered early switchers. We compared length of stay (LOS), in-hospital 14-day mortality, late deterioration (intensive care unit [ICU] transfer), and hospital costs between early switchers and others, controlling for hospital characteristics, patient demographics, comorbidities, initial treatments, and predicted mortality.

Results
Of 378 041 CAP patients, 21 784 (6%) were switched early, most frequently to fluoroquinolones. Patients switched early had fewer days on IV antibiotics, shorter duration of inpatient antibiotic treatment, shorter LOS, and lower hospitalization costs, but no significant excesses in 14-day in-hospital mortality or late ICU admission. Patients at a higher mortality risk were less likely to be switched. However, even in hospitals with relatively high switch rates, &lt;15% of very low–risk patients were switched early.

Conclusions
Although early switching was not associated with worse outcomes and was associated with shorter LOS and fewer days on antibiotics, it occurred infrequently. Even in hospitals with high switch rates, &lt;15% of very low–risk patients were switched early. Our findings suggest that many more patients could be switched early without compromising outcomes.
PurificationDB: database of purification conditions for proteins
Authors: Garland Olivia , Radaeva Mariia , Pandey Mohit , Cherkasov Artem , Lallous Nada 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe isolation of proteins of interest from cell lysates is an integral step to study protein structure and function. Liquid chromatography is a technique commonly used for protein purification, where the separation is performed by exploiting the differences in physical and chemical characteristics of proteins. The complex nature of proteins requires researchers to carefully choose buffers that maintain stability and activity of the protein while also allowing for appropriate interaction with chromatography columns. To choose the proper buffer, biochemists often search for reports of successful purification in the literature; however, they often encounter roadblocks such as lack of accessibility to journals, non-exhaustive specification of components and unfamiliar naming conventions. To overcome such issues, we present PurificationDB (https://purificationdatabase.herokuapp.com/), an open-access and user-friendly knowledge base that contains 4732 curated and standardized entries of protein purification conditions. Buffer specifications were derived from the literature using named-entity recognition techniques developed using common nomenclature provided by protein biochemists. PurificationDB also incorporates information associated with well-known protein databases: Protein Data Bank and UniProt. PurificationDB facilitates easy access to data on protein purification techniques and contributes to the growing effort of creating open resources that organize experimental conditions and data for improved access and analysis.Database URL https://purificationdatabase.herokuapp.com/
Exercise benefits in cardiovascular diseases: from mechanisms to clinical implementation
Authors: Valenzuela Pedro L , Ruilope Luis M , Santos-Lozano Alejandro , Wilhelm Matthias , Kränkel Nicolle , Fiuza-Luces Carmen , Lucia Alejandro 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThere is a pandemic of physical inactivity that appears to parallel the widespread prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Yet, regular physical activity (PA) and exercise can play an important role not only in primary cardiovascular prevention but also in secondary prevention. This review discusses some of the main cardiovascular effects of PA/exercise and the mechanisms involved, including a healthier metabolic milieu with attenuation of systemic chronic inflammation, as well as adaptations at the vascular (antiatherogenic effects) and heart tissue (myocardial regeneration and cardioprotection) levels. The current evidence for safe implementation of PA and exercise in patients with CVD is also summarized.
Analysis of exome data in a UK cohort of 603 patients with syndromic orofacial clefting identifies causal molecular pathways
Authors: Wilson Kate , Newbury Dianne F , Kini Usha 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Orofacial cleft (OC) is a common congenital anomaly in humans, which has lifelong implications for affected individuals. This disorder can be classified as syndromic or non-syndromic depending on the presence or absence of additional physical or neurodevelopmental abnormalities, respectively. Non-syndromic cleft is often non-familial in nature and has a complex aetiology, whereas syndromic forms tend to be monogenic. Although individual OC-related syndromes have been frequently described in the medical literature, there has not been a comprehensive review across syndromes, thereby leaving a gap in our knowledge, which this paper aims to address. Six hundred and three patients with cleft-related human phenotype ontology terms were identified within the Deciphering Developmental Disorders study. Genes carrying pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants were identified and reviewed enabling a diagnostic yield of 36.5%. In total, 124 candidate genes for syndromic OC were identified, including 34 new genes that should be considered for inclusion in clinical clefting panels. Functional enrichment and gene expression analyses identified three key processes that were significantly overrepresented in syndromic OC gene lists: embryonic morphogenesis, protein stability and chromatin organization. Comparison with non-syndromic OC gene networks led us to propose that chromatin remodelling specifically contributes to the aetiology of syndromic OC. Disease-driven gene discovery is a valid approach to gene identification and curation of gene panels. Through this approach, we have started to unravel common molecular pathways contributing to syndromic orofacial clefting.
Cancer cell contamination and decontamination methods for ovaries and testes: special focus on prepubertal gonads with a view to safe fertility restoration
Authors: Kourta Dhoha , Kanbar Marc , Amorim Christiani A , Wyns Christine 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Fertility restoration in patients that survived a hematological cancer during childhood is a core part of their care pathway. Nonetheless, there might be a risk of contamination of the gonads by cancer cells, especially in patients presenting with leukemia and lymphoma. When only a few cancer cells have reached the gonad, they may not be detected by routine histological examination, and therefore more sensitive techniques are required before being confident of the safety of transplanting cryostored testicular and ovarian tissues or cells back to the patient after recovery. Furthermore, if neoplastic cells are identified in the gonadal tissue, methods to eliminate such cells are urgently awaited as the presence of only a few cancer cells may induce disease relapse in these patients. In this review, contamination rates of human gonadal tissue in the case of leukemia or lymphoma as well as decontamination methods applied to both adult and prepubertal testicular and ovarian tissues are presented. Prepubertal gonads will be the main focus as we aim to show how far we have come in establishing safe approaches to fertility restoration. Advances have been made using animal tissue that is usually artificially contaminated by the addition of cancer cell lines to the gonadal cells or tissue, but these techniques need to be improved and still await development in the case of in vivo cancer cell invasion of tissue.
The health impact of long COVID during the 2021–2022 Omicron wave in Australia: a quantitative burden of disease study
Authors: Howe Samantha , Szanyi Joshua , Blakely Tony 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Long COVID symptoms occur for a proportion of acute COVID-19 survivors, with reduced risk among the vaccinated and for Omicron compared with Delta variant infections. The health loss attributed to pre-Omicron long COVID has previously been estimated using only a few major symptoms.

Methods
The years lived with disability (YLDs) due to long COVID in Australia during the 2021–22 Omicron BA.1/BA.2 wave were calculated using inputs from previously published case-control, cross-sectional or cohort studies examining the prevalence and duration of individual long COVID symptoms. This estimated health loss was compared with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection YLDs and years of life lost (YLLs) from SARS-CoV-2. The sum of these three components equals COVID-19 disability-adjusted life years (DALYs); this was compared with DALYs from other diseases.

Results
A total of 5200 [95% uncertainty interval (UI) 2200–8300] YLDs were attributable to long COVID and 1800 (95% UI 1100-2600) to acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, suggesting long COVID caused 74% of the overall YLDs from SARS-CoV-2 infections in the BA.1/BA.2 wave. Total DALYs attributable to SARS-CoV-2 were 50 900 (95% UI 21 000-80 900), 2.4% of expected DALYs for all diseases in the same period.

Conclusion
This study provides a comprehensive approach to estimating the morbidity due to long COVID. Improved data on long COVID symptoms will improve the accuracy of these estimates. As data accumulate on SARS-CoV-2 infection sequelae (e.g. increased cardiovascular disease rates), total health loss is likely to be higher than estimated in this study. Nevertheless, this study demonstrates that long COVID requires consideration in pandemic policy planning, given it is responsible for the majority of direct SARS-CoV-2 morbidity, including during an Omicron wave in a highly vaccinated population.
Positivity and Web Bases for Specht Modules of Hecke Algebras
Authors: Heard Samuel David , Kujawa Jonathan R 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We show that the transition matrix from the standard basis to the web basis for a Specht module of the Hecke algebra is unitriangular and satisfies a strong positivity property whenever the Specht module is labeled by a partition with at most two parts. This generalizes results of Russell–Tymoczko and Rhoades.
When Is the Variance of One Observable Less Than or Equal to That of Another With Respect to All Quantum States?
Authors: Gehér György Pál , Miheisi Nazar 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In quantum mechanics, the well-known Loewner order expresses that one observable’s expectation value is less than or equal than that of another with respect to all quantum states. In this paper, we propose and study a similar order relation in terms of the variance, and we prove two theorems. Our first result states that one observable’s variance is less than or equal than that of another with respect to all quantum states if and only if the former is a $1$-Lipschitz function of the latter. The other main result we prove characterizes the order automorphisms with respect to this proposed order relation. It turns out that in some sense, these automorphisms have a more rigid form than in the case of the Loewner order.
Civilizationism and the Ideological Contestation of the Liberal International Order
Authors: Bettiza Gregorio , Bolton Derek , Lewis David 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Discourses and practices reproducing a world where a plurality of distinct civilizations clash or dialogue, rise or fall, color multiple facets of global politics today. How should we interpret this unexpected surge in civilizational politics, especially notable in the United States, Europe, the Middle East, China, and Russia? This paper argues that the growing turn to civilizations or, better, civilizationism should be understood as a counter-hegemonic ideological reaction to the globalization of the liberal international order. It theorizes the deepening and widening of the liberal international order in the aftermath of the Cold War as enabled by powerful constitutive ideological forces, which congeal into a distinctively modern, informal, universal standard of civilization. This liberal civilizational standard can be experienced by a particular category of non (fully) liberal actors within and beyond the West as ideologically entrapping them—through processes of socialization or stigmatization—in a state of symbolic disempowerment. The paper shows how civilizationism provides an ideological path for resisting and contesting the liberal standard of civilization by articulating a distinct and valued (essentialized) sense of collective belonging, and an alternative (generally illiberal) normative system and (broadly multipolar) vision of international order. Along with theorizing and exploring in original ways the drivers of civilizational politics in the current historical juncture, the paper makes two further contributions. It highlights and unpacks the key role of ideological dynamics in the making and contestation of international orders in general and the liberal one in particular. It suggests and shows why civilizations are best approached as ideological constructs rather than cultures, identities, or discourses.
Effect of restricting electronic health records on clinician efficiency: substudy of a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Kneifati-Hayek Jerard Z , Applebaum Jo R , Schechter Clyde B , Dal Col Alexis , Salmasian Hojjat , Southern William N , Adelman Jason S 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A prior randomized controlled trial (RCT) showed no significant difference in wrong-patient errors between clinicians assigned to a restricted electronic health record (EHR) configuration (limiting to 1 record open at a time) versus an unrestricted EHR configuration (allowing up to 4 records open concurrently). However, it is unknown whether an unrestricted EHR configuration is more efficient. This substudy of the RCT compared clinician efficiency between EHR configurations using objective measures. All clinicians who logged onto the EHR during the substudy period were included. The primary outcome measure of efficiency was total active minutes per day. Counts were extracted from audit log data, and mixed-effects negative binomial regression was performed to determine differences between randomized groups. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Among a total of 2556 clinicians, there was no significant difference between unrestricted and restricted groups in total active minutes per day (115.1 vs 113.3 min, respectively; IRR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.93–1.06), overall or by clinician type and practice area.
Between Cultural Appreciation and Cultural Appropriation: Self-Authorizing the Consumption of Cultural Difference
Authors: Cruz Angela Gracia B , Seo Yuri , Scaraboto Daiane 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Countervailing discourses of cultural appreciation versus cultural appropriation are fueling a tension between the ethnic consumer subject, who views the consumption of cultural difference as a valorized identity project, and the responsibilized consumer subject, who is tasked with considering the societal impacts of such consumption. Drawing on an extended qualitative investigation of international K-pop consumers, this study illustrates that this tension spurs consumers to pursue self-authorization—the reflexive reconfiguration of the self in relation to the social world—through which consumers grant themselves permission to continue consuming cultural difference. Four consumer self-authorization strategies are identified: reforming, restraining, recontextualizing, and rationalizing. Each strategy relies upon an amalgam of countervailing moral interpretations about acts of consuming difference, informing ideologies about the power relationships between cultures, and emergent subject positions that situate the consuming self in relation to others whose differences are packaged for consumption. Findings show notable conditions under which each self-authorization strategy is deployed, alongside consumers’ capacity to adjust and recombine different strategies as they navigate changing sociocultural and idiographic conditions. Overall, this study advances understanding of how consumers navigate the resurgent politics of marketized cultural diversity in an era of woke capitalism.
Knock out of amino acid transporter gene OsLHT1 accelerates leaf senescence and enhances resistance to rice blast fungus
Authors: Guo Nan , Qu Hongye , Zhi Yue , Zhang Yuyi , Cheng Shujing , Chu Jinfang , Zhang Zhengguang , Xu Guohua 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Plant amino acid transporters regulate not only long-distance transport and reallocation of nitrogen (N) from source to sink organs, but also the amount of amino acids in leaves hijacked by invading pathogens. However, the function of amino acid transporters in plant defense responses to pathogen infection remains unknown. In this study, we found that the rice amino acid transporter gene OsLHT1 was expressed in leaves and up-regulated by maturation, N starvation, and inoculation of the blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. Knock out of OsLHT1 resulted in development stage- and N supply-dependent premature senescence of leaves at the vegetative growth stage. In comparison with the wild type, Oslht1 mutant lines showed sustained rusty red spots on fully mature leaf blades irrespective of N supply levels. Notably, no relationship between the severity of leaf rusty red spots and concentration of total N or amino acids was found in Oslht1 mutants at different developmental stages. Disruption of OsLHT1 altered transport and metabolism of amino acids and biosynthesis of flavones and flavonoids, enhanced expression of jasmonic acid- and salicylic acid-related defense genes, production of jasmonic acid and salicylic acid, and accumulation of reactive oxygen species. OsLHT1 inactivation dramatically prevented the leaf invasion by M. oryzae, a hemi-biotrophic ascomycete fungus. Overall, these results establish a link connecting the activity of an amino acid transporter with leaf metabolism and defense against rice blast fungus.