bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Muscle magnetic resonance imaging involvement patterns in nemaline myopathies
Authors: Perry Luke , Stimpson Georgia , Singh Leeha , Morrow Jasper M. , Shah Sachit , Baranello Giovanni , Muntoni Francesco , Sarkozy Anna 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveCharacterise the diagnostic and prognostic value of muscle MRI patterns as biomarkers in a genetically heterogeneous nemaline myopathy (NM) patient cohort.MethodsModified Mercuri scoring of lower limb MRI in genetically characterised NM patients referred to the highly specialised service for congenital myopathies at Great Ormond Street Hospital. Findings were compared to clinical data and MRI patterns derived from collated published data.ResultsTwenty‐seven patients with MRI were identified (8 NEB‐NM, 13 ACTA1‐NM, 6 TPM3‐NM). NEB‐NM demonstrated sparing of the thigh. ACTA1‐NM demonstrated diffuse thigh involvement, notable in the vasti, sartorius and biceps‐femoris, with relative adductor and gracilis sparing. TPM3‐NM demonstrated diffuse thigh involvement notable in biceps‐femoris and adductor magnus with relative rectus femoris, adductor longus and gracilis sparing. In the lower leg, the soleus and tibialis anterior are notably involved in all three genotypes. NEB‐NM and ACTA1‐NM demonstrated relative gastrocnemii and tibialis posterior sparing, while TPM3‐NM showed significantly more tibialis posterior involvement (P =< 0.05). Comparison of involvement patterns with literature datasets highlighted preferential adductor and gracilis sparing in our ACTA1‐NM cohort, consistent tibialis posterior involvement in our TPM3‐NM cohort and a distinct MRI pattern from those derived from other NM genotypes and congenital myopathies. Greater tibialis anterior involvement correlated with foot drop (P = 0.02). Greater tibialis anterior and extensor hallucis longus involvement correlated with worse mobility (P =< 0.04).InterpretationThis is the widest NM MRI data set described to date; we describe distinct muscle involvement patterns for NEB‐NM, ACTA1‐NM and TPM3‐NM which may have utility as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and aid in genetic variant interpretation.
Mn‐Rich Phosphate Cathode for Sodium‐Ion Batteries: Anion‐Regulated Solid Solution Behavior and Long‐Term Cycle Life
Authors: Yin Qi‐Min , Gu Zhen‐Yi , Liu Yan , Lü Hong‐Yan , Liu Yi‐Tong , Liu Yan‐Ning , Su Meng‐Yuan , Guo Jin‐Zhi , Wu Xing‐Long 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAs a sodium superionic conductor, Mn‐rich phosphate of Na3.4Mn1.2Ti0.8(PO4)3 is considered as one of the promising cathodes for sodium‐ion batteries owing to its good thermodynamic stability and high working voltage. However, Na3.4Mn1.2Ti0.8(PO4)3 is faced with low electronic conductivity, poor cycling stability and complex phase transition caused by multi‐electron transfers, which limits its practical application. Herein, an anion‐regulated strategy is proposed to optimize the Mn‐rich Na3.4Mn1.2Ti0.8(PO4)3 phosphate cathode. After introducing F anions into the lattice, the rate performance is improved from 60.5 to 72.8 mAh g−1 at 20 C. Ascribed to unique structure design, the reaction kinetics of Na3.4Mn1.2Ti0.8(PO4)3 are significantly improved, as demonstrated by cyclic voltammetry at varied scan rates and galvanostatic intermittent titration technique. The generated M‐F bond inhibits Jahn–Teller effect with an improved cycle stability (85.8 mAh g−1 after 1000 cycles at 5 C with 94.3% capacity retention). Interestingly, reaction mechanism of Na3.4Mn1.2Ti0.8(PO4)3 with the complex two‐phase and solid solution reactions changes to the whole solid solution reaction after fluorine substitution, and leads to a smaller volume change of 5.41% during reaction processes, which is verified by in situ X‐ray diffraction. This anion regulation strategy provides a new method for designing the high‐performance phosphate cathode materials of sodium‐ion batteries.
3D Bioprinting of Neurovascular Tissue Modeling with Collagen‐Based Low‐Viscosity Composites
Authors: Wang Sen , Bai Luge , Hu Xiaoxuan , Yao Siqi , Hao Zhiyan , Zhou JiaJia , Li Xiao , Lu Haixia , He Jiankang , Wang Ling , Li Dichen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn vitro neurovascular unit (NVU) models are valuable for investigating brain functions and developing drugs. However, it remains challenging to recapitulate the native architectural features and ultra‐soft extracellular matrix (ECM) properties of the natural NVU. Cell‐laden bioprinting is promising to prepare complex living tissues, but hard to balance the fidelity and cell growth. This study proposes a novel two‐stage methodology for biomanufacturing functional 3D neurovascular constructs in vitro with low modulus of ECM. At the shaping stage, a low‐viscosity alginate/collagen is printed through an embedded approach; at the culturing stage, the alginate is removed through targeted lysing. The low‐viscosity and rapid crosslinking properties provide a printing resolution of ≈10 µm, and the lysis processing can decrease the hydrogels’ modulus to ≈1 kPa and adjust the porosity of the microstructure, providing cells with an environment closing to the brain ECM. A 3D hollow coaxial neurovascular model is fabricated, in which the endothelial cells has expressed tight junction proteins and shown selective permeability, and the astrocytes outside of the endothelial layer are found to spread out with branches and directly interact with endothelial cells. The present study offers a promising modeling method for better understanding the NVU function and screening neuro‐drugs.
Protein@Cyanine‐Based NIR‐II Lymphography Enables the Supersensitive Visualization of Lymphedema and Tumor Lymphatic Metastasis
Authors: Xu Jiajun , Du Yijing , Han Tianyang , Zhu Ningning , Zhu Shoujun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractVisualization of the lymphatic system is clinically indispensable for the diagnosis and/or treatment of lymphatic diseases. Although indocyanine green (ICG) lymphography becomes an alternate imaging modality compared to traditional lymphoscintigraphy, it is still far from ideal due to the insufficient detection depth and low spatiotemporal resolution. Herein, protein@cyanine probes are rationally developed to solve the limitations of the current near‐infrared‐I (NIR‐I) lymphography. The protein@cyanine probes are synthesized following a chlorine‐containing dye‐labeling strategy based on structure‐selectivity (facile covalent binding between the dye and protein with a 1:1 molar ratio). As expected, the probes display exceptional NIR‐II imaging ability with much‐improved imaging contrast/resolution and controllable pharmacokinetics, superior to the clinical ICG. The protein@cyanine probes locate lymph nodes and delineate lymphatic vessels with super‐high sensitivity and signal‐to‐background ratio, enabling real‐time diagnosing lymphatic diseases such as lymphedema and tumor lymphatic metastasis. In particular, the NIR‐II lymphography provides an opportunity to discover the disparate morbidity rate of primary lymphedema in different types of mice. Given the fact of lacking clinically transferable NIR‐II probes, this work not only provides a promising strategy for enriching of the current library of NIR‐II probes, but also promotes the clinical translation of NIR‐II lymphography technology.
Epitaxy of a Monocrystalline CsPbBr3–SrTiO3 Halide–Oxide Perovskite p–n Heterojunction with High Stability for Photodetection
Authors: Liu Songlong , Chen Yang , Gao Weiqi , Li Wanying , Yang Xiaokun , Li Zhiwei , Xiao Zhaojing , Liu Yuan , Wang Yiliu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPerovskite heterojunctions are essential components of perovskite optoelectronics, but their construction and investigation have been impeded by the instability and severe anion interdiffusion. This work epitaxially deposits p‐type CsPbBr3 on n‐type Nb:SrTiO3 (STO) to construct a functional perovskite heterojunction with high stability. The lattice match allows epitaxial growth of CsPbBr3 to occur over large scale, resulting in a monocrystalline thin film with excellent crystallinity and uniformity. The highly stable STO prevents the anion migration frequently happening in halide perovskites, forming a sharp interface of two perovskite with opposite conduction type, with which a diode is fabricated and a current rectification ratio of 374 is obtained. The diode is able to work as a photodetector with dark current of 2.01 × 10−12 A at −1 V and responsivity (R) of 8.26 A W−1, rendering a detectivity (D*) of 2.98 × 1013 Jones. Owing to the all‐inorganic architecture, effective photoresponse at temperature as high as 150 °C is guaranteed with D* of ≈1.52 × 1013 Jones. Combining the unique optoelectrical properties of halide perovskite and the rigidity of oxide perovskite, the epitaxy of CsPbBr3 on n–type STO opens up a new method to construct functional perovskite heterojunction for optoelectronics.
Advanced Sensoring Technologies for Evaluation and Management of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms
Authors: Gong Haitao , Ding Zhenshan , Jiao Binbin , Ren Jian , Yu Qingsong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNowadays, urination dysfunction caused by lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) has been a nonnegligible issue owing to its influences on patients’ physical and mental health, and in particular, the detection of the urination process and analysis of the urine samples of the patients have been the priority for diagnosis and treatment of LUTS. In this article, the existing perception of LUTS, such as the etiologies of LUTS and current approaches for LUTS evaluation in the clinic, is systematically summarized. Furthermore, several novels lower urinary tract (LUT) status‐sensing systems used for monitoring physiological indexes, including intravesical pressure, urine flow rate, residue urine volume, bladder volume, and biomarkers in urine, are introduced. It is believed that this presentation will make a contribution to deepening the comprehension of LUTS and promote the development of rapid, accurate, and convenient LUT testing techniques.
Design and Implementation of a Wearable System Based on a Flexible Capacitive Sensor, Monitoring Knee Laxity
Authors: Sheeja Prakash Karthika , Andersen Erik , von Einem Vicky Chantal , Muthalagu Sabari Kannan , Agarwal Priyank , Mayr Hermann Otto , Seidenstuecker Michael , Rosenstiel Nikolaus , Roundy Shad , Woias Peter , Comella Laura Maria 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear is one of the most common knee injuries causing instability to the knee joint. Current methods of diagnosis fail to meet the ergonomic, reliability, and reproducibility requirements. Thus, the wearable sensors are gaining momentum to overcome current challenges. This paper aims at proposing a wearable capacitive based sensor system that shows a good potential in substituting the currently used methods for the diagnosis of ACL rupture. The developed sensor system measures the internal tibial rotation of the knee. It is compact and lightweight. Being cable free, it can be worn as a patch, without impeding the freedom of movement of the physician. Moreover, it can be powered with a battery or wireless. Both methods make it compact, ergonomic, easy for the patient to wear and for the doctor to use. To analyze the suitability of the developed sensing system, data from a knee simulator setup and three healthy volunteers (2 Males and 1 Female) are compared and analyzed. In all the patients, above 15° for every 5° angle variation, a relative change of capacitance with respect to its initial value of 0.01 is observed. These results are comparable with the knee simulator's data with a max RMSE of 0.002. Below 15° the system is additionally able to measure a gender‐based difference of rotation due to the higher flexibility of ligaments in females. For them the sensitivity below and above 15° is comparable, for male the sensitivity below 15° is lower. The results show that the developed system has good potential in substituting the currently used method for the diagnosis of ACL rupture and paves the way toward the continuous observation in free movement of knee laxity.
Optimization and Deoptimization of Codons in SARS‐CoV‐2 and Related Implications for Vaccine Development
Authors: Wu Xinkai , Shan Ke‐jia , Zan Fuwen , Tang Xiaolu , Qian Zhaohui , Lu Jian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), caused by severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), has progressed into a global pandemic. To date, thousands of genetic variants have been identified among SARS‐CoV‐2 isolates collected from patients. Sequence analysis reveals that the codon adaptation index (CAI) values of viral sequences have decreased over time but with occasional fluctuations. Through evolution modeling, it is found that this phenomenon may result from the virus's mutation preference during transmission. Using dual‐luciferase assays, it is further discovered that the deoptimization of codons in the viral sequence may weaken protein expression during virus evolution, indicating that codon usage may play an important role in virus fitness. Finally, given the importance of codon usage in protein expression and particularly for mRNA vaccines, it is designed several codon‐optimized Omicron BA.2.12.1, BA.4/5, and XBB.1.5 spike mRNA vaccine candidates and experimentally validated their high levels of expression. This study highlights the importance of codon usage in virus evolution and provides guidelines for codon optimization in mRNA and DNA vaccine development.
Plasma‐Driven Nitrogen Fixation on Sodium Hydride
Authors: Wu Han , Yang Liang , Wen Jiaqi , Xu Yongfeng , Cai Yongli , Gao Wenbo , Wang Qianru , Guan Yeqin , Feng Sheng , Cao Hujun , He Teng , Liu Lin , Zhang Shaoqian , Guo Jianping , Chen Ping 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe development of alternative approaches to the conventional Haber–Bosch ammonia synthesis process is an imperative but very challenging task. Extrinsic stimuli such as plasma could provide greater flexibility in materials selection and process innovation for nitrogen fixation. Hydride (hydrogen anion, H‾)‐containing materials have recently shown promise in thermal ammonia synthesis, whereas the interactions of hydrides and N2 under plasma have rarely been investigated. Herein we explore plasma‐driven nitrogen fixation to NH3 mediated by an inexpensive and common reagent sodium hydride, which does not react with N2 under normal thermal conditions. Nitrogen plasma can produce reactive nitrogen species and also induce the dehydriding of NaH, which result in the activation and hydrogenation of N2 to surface NaNH2 species. The subsequent thermal‐hydrogenation of NaNH2 produces NH3 facilely. The stepwise chemical loop prevents ammonia from plasma‐induced cracking. This NaH‐mediated chemistry broadens the scope of hydrides as well as many other materials for N2 fixation, and also has prospect for other chemical transformations.
Estimating fall‐harvested alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) yield using unmanned aerial vehicle–based multispectral and thermal images in southern California
Authors: Sapkota Anish , Haghverdi Amir , Montazar Ali 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study aims to evaluate the efficacy of simple linear, multiple, and robust regression methods to predict fall‐harvested alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) yield using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)‐acquired multispectral and thermal images. Four alfalfa fields in southern California were selected, and a composite dataset containing 180 ground truth sampling points was formed to build and test the performance of the regression models. The UAV was flown in September 2020, 5–29 days before the ground truth data collection. A total of nine crop indices, canopy temperature, and the difference between canopy temperature and air temperature were used as input predictors. Among the simple linear models, the model with normalized difference vegetation index as input showed a strong performance (coefficient of determination [R2] = 0.76; root mean square error [RMSE] = 170.29 kg ha−1; and mean absolute error [MAE] = 132.18 kg ha−1). A multiple linear regression model with three input predictors showed the highest accuracy with R2 = 0.83, RMSE = 142.99 kg ha−1, and MAE = 109.30 kg ha−1. The top‐performing models accurately estimated mean yield at the field level and differentiated fields with low and high alfalfa productivity. Including canopy temperature‐related inputs did not improve the yield prediction power of the models. The error in the yield prediction increased as the days between UAV flights and field harvest increased. Results here suggested that UAV‐based remote sensing has the potential to estimate fall‐harvested alfalfa yield in southern California.
Olfactory cleft mucus eosinophil‐derived neurotoxin better reflects olfactory loss than blood eosinophil counts in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Wu Dawei , Liu Zheng , Bleier Benjamin S. , Huang Xiaoxi , Hong Junsheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundEosinophils are associated with olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and eosinophil‐derived neurotoxin (EDN) is a sensitive marker of intense eosinophil activation. This study aimed to analyze olfactory cleft mucus and olfactory mucosa EDN levels and their association with olfactory dysfunction in CRS.MethodsWe prospectively recruited 150 patients with CRS electing endoscopic sinus surgery and 25 healthy controls. Both superior turbinate biopsy specimens and olfactory cleft mucus were collected to analyze EDN levels. Sniffin’ Sticks test scores, olfactory cleft computed tomography (CT) scores, and olfactory cleft endoscopy scale (OCES) were obtained. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was applied to analyze the predictability of EDN levels for olfactory dysfunction in CRS.ResultsChronic rhinosinusitis with olfactory dysfunction presented significantly higher olfactory mucosa (p = 0.016) and olfactory cleft mucus (p < 0.001) EDN levels than CRS without olfactory dysfunction. Mucus EDN levels were positively correlated with blood eosinophils (r = 0.625, p = 0.002), olfactory cleft CT scores (r = 0.738, p < 0.001), and OCES (r = 0.605, p = 0.004) in CRS. Furthermore, mucus EDN levels were significantly negatively correlated with threshold, discrimination, and identification (TDI) (r = ‐0.688), olfactory threshold (r = ‐0.606), olfactory discrimination (r = ‐0.608), and olfactory identification (r = ‐0.697) scores. After adjusting for patient demographics and comorbidities, mucus EDN levels were significantly associated with olfactory dysfunction in CRS (odds ratio = 2.162; p = 0.027). Mucus EDN levels showed a significantly better performance for predicting olfactory dysfunction than blood eosinophil counts (area under the curve, 0.873 vs. 0.764, p = 0.024).ConclusionOlfactory cleft mucus EDN level may be a better biomarker for predicting olfactory dysfunction in CRS than blood eosinophil counts.
Higher concentrations of kynurenic acid in CSF are associated with the slower clinical progression of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Knapskog Anne‐Brita , Aksnes Mari , Edwin Trine Holt , Ueland Per Magne , Ulvik Arve , Fang Evandro Fei , Eldholm Rannveig Sakshaug , Halaas Nathalie Bodd , Saltvedt Ingvild , Giil Lasse M. , Watne Leiv Otto 
Published: June 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe kynurenine pathway's (KP) malfunction is closely related to Alzheimer's disease (AD), for antagonistic kynurenic acid (KA) and agonistic quinolinic acid act on the N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor, a possible therapeutic target in treating AD.METHODSIn our longitudinal case–control study, KP metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid were analyzed in 311 patients with AD and 105 cognitively unimpaired controls.RESULTSPatients with AD exhibited higher concentrations of KA (β = 0.18, P < 0.01) and picolinic acid (β = 0.20, P < 0.01) than the controls. KA was positively associated with tau pathology (β = 0.29, P < 0.01), and a higher concentration of KA was associated with the slower progression of dementia.DISCUSSIONThe higher concentrations of neuroprotective metabolites KA and picolinic acid suggest that the activation of the KP's neuroprotective branch is an adaptive response in AD and may be a promising target for intervention and treatment.Highlights
Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) exhibited higher concentrations of kynurenic acid and picolinic acid than controls.
Higher concentrations of kynurenic acid were associated with slower progression of AD.
Potential neurotoxic kynurenines were not increased among patients with AD.
Activation of the kynurenine pathway's neuroprotective branch may be an adaptive response in AD.
Novel n‐type Zintl phase thermoelectric materials: The Ca5−xRExAl2Sb6 (RE = Pr, Sm) system
Authors: Lee Junsu , Seo Naeun , Yeon Seongbeom , You Tae‐Soo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTwo novel n‐type Zintl thermoelectric materials of Ca4.97(1)Pr0.03Al2Sb6 and Ca4.94(2)Sm0.06Al2Sb6 were synthesized with the addition of two types of trivalent rare‐earth metals dopants and characterized by powder and single crystal x‐ray diffraction analyses. Two title compounds adopted the orthorhombic Ca5Ga2As6‐type phase and contained seven crystallographically unique atomic positions including one particular Ca/Pr or Ca/Sm mixed‐site. The crystal structure can be described as a combination of the one‐dimensional (1D) infinite chains and the cationic elements in between the 1D chains. Electrical transport property measurements proved that Ca4.97(1)Pr0.03Al2Sb6 and Ca4.94(2)Sm0.06Al2Sb6 were indeed novel n‐type Zintl phase semiconductors with the maximum electrical conductivities of 69.51 and 75.51 S/cm at 846 K and the Seebeck coefficients of −43.26 and − 29.00 μV/K at 703 K, respectively. Density functional theory calculations proved that the successful n‐type doping should be attributed to a small margin of slight antibonding states near EF on the Sb1Sb1 crystal orbital Hamilton population (COHP) curve.
In the search for greener buildings: The role of green human resource management
Authors: Parida Subhadarsini , Chan Christopher , Ananthram Subramaniam , Brown Kerry 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe environmental performance of green buildings is receiving attention from built environment stakeholders. We introduce the concept of green human resource management (GHRM) to analyze how the performance gap in green buildings can be minimized using a human‐focused design perspective. We utilize signaling theory and abilities–motivation–opportunity (AMO) theory to explain the interactions between environmental proactivity, GHRM, pro‐environmental behaviors, job performance, and environmental performance. Survey data were collected from 460 employees working in Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED)‐certified green buildings in India and analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). Findings highlight that GHRM is likely to motivate employees to demonstrate pro‐environmental behaviors and be engaged in their jobs. We also find that when organizational‐level goals are effectively communicated, employees can enhance environmental performance in green buildings. Our study makes several contributions, including a framework that developing countries can use to promote environmental sustainability in the workplace.