bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The transformation of masculinity orientations and work-related attitudes in men treated for depression (TRANSMODE): study protocol for a mixed-methods observational study
Authors: Krumm Silvia , Krieg Gironimo , Lamp Natalie , Marek Franziska , Nickel Paul , Panzirsch Maria , Stiawa Maja , Beschoner Petra , Brieger Peter , Frasch Karel , Gertzen Marcus , Gündel Harald , Hasan Alkomiet , Jäger Markus , Kling-Lourenco Paulo , Koussemou José Marie , Steber Raimund , Kilian Reinhold 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Masculinity norms play a crucial role in men’s help-seeking behaviors, service-use, and coping strategies for depression. While previous studies provided evidence for the association between gender role orientations, work related attitudes, stigmatization of men with depression and depressive symptoms, it remains unclear to what extent gender role orientations change over time and whether psychiatric and psychotherapeutic treatment have an impact on these transformations. Additionally, the role of partners in supporting depressed men and the impact of dyadic coping on these processes have not been explored. The aim of this study is to investigate how masculinity orientations and work-related attitudes change over time in men treated for depression, and to examine the role of their partners and dyadic coping in these transformation processes.

Methods
TRANSMODE is a prospective longitudinal mixed-methods study investigating the transformation of masculinity orientations and work-related attitudes in men treated for depression between the ages of 18 and 65 from different settings in Germany. The study will recruit 350 men from various settings for quantitative analysis. By applying a latent transition analysis, the primary outcome are changes in masculine orientations and work-related attitudes over time, measured at four times (t0, t1, t2, t3) with intervals of 6 months. Qualitative interview with a subsample of depressed men selected using latent profile analysis, will be conducted between t0 and t1 (a1) with a follow-up of 12 months (a2). In addition, qualitative interviews with the partners of depressed men will be conducted between t2 and t3 (p1). Qualitative data will be analysed using qualitative structured content analysis.

Discussion
A comprehensive understanding of the transformation processes of masculinity orientations over time including the impact of psychiatric/psychotherapeutic treatment and the role of partners can lead to the development of gender-sensitive depression treatment tailored to the unique needs of men with depression. Thus, the study can promote more effective and successful treatment outcomes and further contribute to reducing the stigma surrounding mental health issues among men and encourage them for mental health service use.

Trial registration
This study is registered in the German Clinical Trail Register (DRKS) and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) under registration number DRKS00031065 (Date of registration 06 February 2023).
Are symptoms assessed differently for schizophrenia and other psychoses in legal insanity evaluations of violent crimes?
Authors: Løvgren Pia Jorde , Laake Petter , Narud Kjersti , Reitan Solveig Klæbo , Bjørkly Stål 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundForensic evaluations of legal insanity include the experts’ assessment of symptoms present at the mental state examination (MSE) and the mental state at the time of offense (MSO). Delusions and hallucinations are most important. We explored how often symptoms were recorded in written forensic reports.DesignThis exploratory, cross-sectional study included 500 reports of legal insanity written in 2009–2018 from cases of violent crimes in Norway. The first author read all reports and coded symptoms recorded from the experts’ assessments of the offenders. Two co-authors repeated this procedure for 50 randomly selected reports. Interrater reliability was calculated with Gwet’s AC1. Generalized Linear Mixed Models with Wald tests for fixed effects and Risk Ratios as effect sizes were used for the statistical analyses.ResultsLegal insanity was the main conclusion in 23.6% of the reports; 71.2% of these were diagnosed with schizophrenia while 22.9% had other psychotic disorders. Experts recorded few symptoms from MSO, but more from MSE, although MSO is important for insanity. We found a significant association between delusions and hallucinations recorded present in the MSO and legal insanity for defendants with other psychotic disorders, but no association for defendants with schizophrenia. The differences in symptom recordings between diagnoses were significant.ConclusionFew symptoms were recorded from the MSO. We found no association between presence of delusions or hallucinations and legal insanity for defendants with schizophrenia. This may indicate that a schizophrenia diagnosis is more important to the forensic conclusion than the symptoms recorded in the MSO.
Socio-geographical factors and vulnerability to leptospirosis in South Brazil
Authors: Teles Alessandra Jacomelli , Bohm Bianca Conrad , Silva Suellen Caroline M. , Bruhn Fábio Raphael P. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Leptospirosis, caused by the Leptospira bacteria, is an acute infectious disease that is mainly transmitted by exposure to contaminated soil or water, thereby presenting a wide range of subsequent clinical conditions. This study aimed to assess the distribution of cases and deaths from leptospirosis and its association with social vulnerability in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, between 2010 and 2019.

Methods
The lethality rates and incidence of leptospirosis and their association with gender, age, education, and skin color were analyzed using chi-square tests. The spatial relationship between the environmental determinants, social vulnerability, and the incidence rate of leptospirosis in the different municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul was analyzed through spatial regression analysis.

Results
During the study period, a total of 4,760 cases of leptospirosis, along with 238 deaths, were confirmed. The mean incidence rate was 4.06 cases/100,000 inhabitants, while the mean fatality rate was 5%. Although the entire population was susceptible, white-colored individuals, males, people of the working-age group, along with less-educated individuals, were more affected by the disease. Lethality was higher in people with dark skin, and the prime risk factor associated with death was the direct contact of the patients with rodents, sewage, and garbage. The social vulnerability was positively associated with the incidence of leptospirosis in the Rio Grande do Sul, especially in municipalities located in the center of the state.

Conclusions
It is evident that the incidence of the disease is significantly related to the vulnerability of the population. The use of the health vulnerability index showed great relevance in the evaluation of leptospirosis cases and can be used further as a tool to help municipalities identify disease-prone areas for intervention and resource allocation.
The impact of an e-newsletter or animated video to disseminate outdoor free-play information in relation to COVID-19 guidelines in New South Wales early childhood education and care services: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Reilly Kathryn , Jackson Jacklyn , Lum Melanie , Pearson Nicole , Lecathelinais Christophe , Wolfenden Luke , Turon Heidi , Yoong Sze Lin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
State-based Guidelines were issued for Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) services (caring for children 0–6 years) recommending greater time outdoors and inclusion of indoor-outdoor programs to facilitate social distancing to reduce spread of COVID-19. The aim of this 3-arm randomised controlled trial (RCT) was to examine the impact of different dissemination strategies on increasing ECEC service intentions to adopt recommendations from the Guidelines.

Methods
This was a post-intervention only RCT. A sample of eligible ECEC services in New South Wales (n = 1026) were randomly allocated to one of three groups; (i) e-newsletter resource; (ii) animated video resource; or (iii) control (standard email). The intervention was designed to address key determinants of guideline adoption including awareness and knowledge. Following delivery of the intervention in September 2021, services were invited to participate in an online or telephone survey from October-December 2021. The primary trial outcome was the proportion of services intending to adopt the Guidelines, defined as intention to; (i) offer an indoor-outdoor program for the full day; or (ii) offer more outdoor play time. Secondary outcomes included awareness, reach, knowledge and implementation of the Guidelines. Barriers to Guideline implementation, cost of the dissemination strategies and analytic data to measure fidelity of intervention delivery were also captured.

Results
Of the 154 services that provided post-intervention data, 58 received the e-newsletter (37.7%), 50 received the animated video (32.5%), and 46 received the control (29.9%). Services who received the animated video had nearly five times the odds (OR: 4.91 [1.03, 23.34] p = 0.046) than those in the control group, to report having intentions to adopt the Guidelines. There were no statistically significant differences in awareness or knowledge of the Guidelines between either intervention or control services. Development costs were greatest for the animated video. The extent to which the dissemination strategy was viewed in full, were similar for both the e-newsletter and animated video.

Conclusion
This study found potential for the inclusion of interactive strategies to disseminate policy and guideline information within the ECEC setting, in the context of the need for rapid communication. Further research should explore the added benefits of embedding such strategies within a multi-strategy intervention.

Trial registration
Retrospectively registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) on the 23/02/2023 (ACTRN 12,623,000,198,628).
Extensive penile glans and corpus spongiosum necrosis due to catheter traction following laparoscopic radical cystoprostatectomy: a rare case report and literature review
Authors: Akyuz Mehmet , Kayar Ridvan , Mohamed Abdikarim Hussein 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Penile glans and corpus spongiosum necrosis is an extremely rare urologic condition associated with substantial morbidity.

Case presentation
We report a rare case presenting extensive penile glans and corpus spongiosum necrosis following catheter traction in a 71-year-old male patient who had a laparoscopic radical cystoprostatectomy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. The patient has no preexisting diabetes mellitus or chronic renal failure. The case was successfully managed with penile preservation. During the procedure, it was observed that the necrosis was not limited to the glans. The necrosis had spread to the entire penile urethra and corpus spongiosum, and an excision of approximately 14 cm of corpus spongiosum was performed.

Conclusion
This is the first case presenting extensive length of penile glans and corpus spongiosum necrosis managed successfully with penile preservation, enabling reaching the best functional and esthetic results reported in the literature. Early detection and urgent imaging with a high index of suspicion ensure a favorable outcome. The main treatment steps are careful evaluation, appropriate therapy, and prompt intervention depending on the severity.
The association of severely worn dentition resulting from betel nut chewing with temporomandibular disorders: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Yundong , Yin Tao , He Mi , Fang Changyun , Peng Shifang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Most studies support parafunctions play an important role in temporomandibular disorders (TMD), whereas the association between tooth wear and TMD remains controversial. Betel nut chewing as a parafunction is popular in South and Southeast Asia. We therefore investigated the association of severely worn dentition resulting from betel nut chewing with TMD.

Methods
A cross-sectional analysis of 408 control participants (male: 380, female: 28, 43.62 ± 9.54 years) and 408 participants with betel nut chewing related severely worn dentition (male: 380, female: 28, 43.73 ± 8.93 years) who received dental and TMD checkup according to Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) in Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital was performed. Betel nut chewing related severely worn dentition meant all the natural teeth had moderate to severe tooth wear [Tooth Wear Index (TWI) ≥ 2)] including ≥ 2 severe wear teeth (TWI ≥ 3) due to betel nut chewing. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used.

Results
After adjusting for age, gender, betel nut chewing related severely worn dentition, oral submucosal fibrosis, number of missing teeth, number of dental quadrants with missing teeth, visible third molar and orthodontic history, variables of age, gender and betel nut chewing related severely worn dentition were significant for overall TMD. Multivariable analysis showed betel nut chewing related severely worn dentition was significantly associated with intra-articular TMD [odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals: 1.689 (1.271–2.244), P = 0.001] in a betel nut chewing dose-dependent manner.

Conclusion
Betel nut chewing related severely worn dentition was associated with intra-articular TMD.
Retention of zirconia crowns to titanium bases with straight versus angled screw access channels: an invitro study
Authors: Ibrahim Eman Assem , Khamis Mohamed Moataz , Ezzelarab Salah , Abdelhamid Ahmed M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to assess the impact of abutments with angled screw access channel on the retention of zirconia crowns.

Methods
Seven implant replicas were inserted in epoxy resin blocks. Fourteen zirconia crowns for central incisor tooth were digitally fabricated and cemented to titanium bases (Ti-bases) with resin cement. Titanium bases were categorized into 2 groups (n = 7). Control group (Group STA) included straight screw access channel abutments. Study group (Group ASC) included angled screw access channel abutments. Following aging (5 °C-55 °C, 60 s; 250,000 cycles, 100 N, 1.67 Hz), the pull-off forces (N) were recorded by using retention test (1 mm/min). Types of failure were defined as (Type 1; Adhesive failure when luting agent predominantly remained on the Ti-base surface (> 90%); Type 2; Cohesive failure when luting agent remained on both Ti-base and crown surfaces; and Type 3; Adhesive failure when luting agent predominantly remained on the crown (> 90%). Statistical analysis was conducted by using (IBM SPSS version 28). Normality was checked by using Shapiro Wilk test and Q-Q plots. Independent t-test was then used to analogize the groups.

Results
Mean ± standard deviation of retention force records ranged from 1731.57 (63.68) N (group STA) to 1032.29 (89.82) N (group ASC), and there was a statistically significant variation between the 2 groups (P < .05). Failure modes were Type 2 for group STA and Type 3 for group ASC.

Conclusions
The retention of zirconia crowns to abutments with a straight screw access channel is significantly higher than abutments with angled screw access channel.
The salivary proteome in relation to oral mucositis in autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients: a labelled and label-free proteomics approach
Authors: van Leeuwen S. J. M. , Proctor G. B. , Staes A. , Laheij A. M. G. A. , Potting C. M. J. , Brennan M. T. , von Bültzingslöwen I. , Rozema F. R. , Hazenberg M. D. , Blijlevens N. M. A. , Raber-Durlacher J. E. , Huysmans M. C. D. N. J. M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Oral mucositis is a frequently seen complication in the first weeks after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients which can severely affects patients quality of life. In this study, a labelled and label-free proteomics approach were used to identify differences between the salivary proteomes of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) recipients developing ulcerative oral mucositis (ULC-OM; WHO score ≥ 2) or not (NON-OM).

Methods
In the TMT-labelled analysis we pooled saliva samples from 5 ULC-OM patients at each of 5 timepoints: baseline, 1, 2, 3 weeks and 3 months after ASCT and compared these with pooled samples from 5 NON-OM patients. For the label-free analysis we analyzed saliva samples from 9 ULC-OM and 10 NON-OM patients at 6 different timepoints (including 12 months after ASCT) with Data-Independent Acquisition (DIA). As spectral library, all samples were grouped (ULC-OM vs NON-OM) and analyzed with Data Dependent Analysis (DDA). PCA plots and a volcano plot were generated in RStudio and differently regulated proteins were analyzed using GO analysis with g:Profiler.

Results
A different clustering of ULC-OM pools was found at baseline, weeks 2 and 3 after ASCT with TMT-labelled analysis. Using label-free analysis, week 1–3 samples clustered distinctly from the other timepoints. Unique and up-regulated proteins in the NON-OM group (DDA analysis) were involved in immune system-related processes, while those proteins in the ULC-OM group were intracellular proteins indicating cell lysis.

Conclusions
The salivary proteome in ASCT recipients has a tissue protective or tissue-damage signature, that corresponded with the absence or presence of ulcerative oral mucositis, respectively.

Trial registration
The study is registered in the national trial register (NTR5760; automatically added to the International Clinical Trial Registry Platform).
To disclose or not to disclose: an ethnographic exploration of factors contributing to the (non) disclosure of Ghanaian women’s breast cancer diagnosis to social networks
Authors: Agyemang Linda Serwaa , Wagland Richard , Foster Claire , McLean Chris , Fenlon Deborah 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Although there may be theoretical support linking positive health outcomes with cancer disclosure to social networks, women from contexts such as Ghana where cancer is not openly talked about may have concerns around breast cancer disclosure. Women may not be able to share their experiences about their diagnosis, which may prevent them from receiving support. This study aimed to obtain the views of Ghanaian women diagnosed with breast cancer about factors contributing to (non) disclosure.

Methods
This study is based on secondary findings from an ethnographic study that employed participant observation and semi-structured face to face interviews. The study was conducted at a breast clinic in a Teaching Hospital in southern Ghana. 16 women diagnosed with breast cancer (up to stage 3); five relatives nominated by these women and ten healthcare professionals (HCPs) participated in the study. Factors contributing to breast cancer (non) disclosure were explored. Data were analysed using a thematic approach.

Results
The analysis indicated that most of the women and family members were very reticent about breast cancer disclosure and were secretive with distant relatives and wider social networks. Whilst remaining silent about their cancer diagnosis helped women protect their identities, prevented spiritual attack, and bad advice, the need for emotional and financial support for cancer treatment triggered disclosure to close family, friends, and pastors. Some women were discouraged from persevering with conventional treatment following disclosure to their close relatives.

Conclusions
Breast cancer stigma and fears around disclosure hindered women from disclosing to individuals in their social networks. Women disclosed to their close relatives for support, but this was not always safe. Health care professionals are well placed to explore women’s concerns and facilitate disclosure within safe spaces to enhance engagement with breast cancer care services.
Temporal and spatial analysis of Plasmodium falciparum genomics reveals patterns of parasite connectivity in a low-transmission district in Southern Province, Zambia
Authors: Fola Abebe A. , Moser Kara A. , Aydemir Ozkan , Hennelly Chris , Kobayashi Tamaki , Shields Timothy , Hamapumbu Harry , Musonda Michael , Katowa Ben , Matoba Japhet , Stevenson Jennifer C. , Norris Douglas E. , Thuma Philip E. , Wesolowski Amy , Moss William J. , Bailey Jeffrey A. , Juliano Jonathan J. ,   the Southern, Central Africa International Center of Excellence for Malaria Research (ICEMR)
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Understanding temporal and spatial dynamics of malaria transmission will help to inform effective interventions and strategies in regions approaching elimination. Parasite genomics are increasingly used to monitor epidemiologic trends, including assessing residual transmission across seasons and importation of malaria into these regions.

Methods
In a low and seasonal transmission setting of southern Zambia, a total of 441 Plasmodium falciparum samples collected from 8 neighbouring health centres between 2012 and 2018 were genotyped using molecular inversion probes (MIPs n = 1793) targeting a total of 1832 neutral and geographically informative SNPs distributed across the parasite genome. After filtering for quality and missingness, 302 samples and 1410 SNPs were retained and used for downstream population genomic analyses.

Results
The analyses revealed most (67%, n = 202) infections harboured one clone (monogenomic) with some variation at local level suggesting low, but heterogenous malaria transmission. Relatedness identity-by-descent (IBD) analysis revealed variable distribution of IBD segments across the genome and 6% of pairs were highly-related (IBD ≥ 0.25). Some of the highly-related parasite populations persisted across multiple seasons, suggesting that persistence of malaria in this low-transmission region is fueled by parasites “seeding” across the dry season. For recent years, clusters of clonal parasites were identified that were dissimilar to the general parasite population, suggesting parasite populations were increasingly fragmented at small spatial scales due to intensified control efforts. Clustering analysis using PCA and t-SNE showed a lack of substantial parasite population structure.

Conclusion
Leveraging both genomic and epidemiological data provided comprehensive picture of fluctuations in parasite populations in this pre-elimination setting of southern Zambia over 7 years.
Description of pathogenic bacteria in patients with respiratory symptoms associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Colombia
Authors: Zuluaga Nathalia , Martínez David , Hernández Carolina , Ballesteros Nathalia , Castañeda Sergio , Ramírez Juan David , Muñoz Marina 
Published: July 2023

AbstractViral respiratory infections may predispose to co-infections with other pathogenic microorganisms. In this study, pathogenic respiratory bacteria were detected using commercial kit Allplex™ Respiratory Panel 4 from nasopharyngeal samples from individuals suffering respiratory symptoms with and without severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Patients without respiratory symptoms were included as controls. Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae were detected from 12 patients (6%) in both, patients with respiratory symptoms (including hospitalized) (n = 6) and individual without symptoms (n = 6). Pathogenic bacteria possibly proliferate due to the limited immune response of patients with SARS-CoV-2, perhaps due to dysbiosis generated by the viral infection.