bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les fonds de retournement
Authors: de Germay Nicolas 
Published: February 2023

Les investisseurs en retournement financent les entreprises dont les difficultés ne peuvent plus être comblées par les acteurs traditionnels. Il y a trois types de situations, lesquelles sont classées de la moins à la plus risquée : les restructurations financières traitant des déséquilibres du bilan ; le traitement du P&L ( Profit and Loss ‒ Pertes et profits) à la suite d’un accident ou d’un problème conjoncturel ; et la refonte du business model et du P&L. Ces sujets sont traités par deux types d’investisseurs : les fonds, qui gèrent l’argent d’investisseurs institutionnels : ils font preuve d’une certaine passivité et d’une faible implication sur le plan opérationnel ; ils concentrent leurs investissements sur les situations les moins dégradées, les holdings , qui investissent l’argent de leurs associés : au contraire des fonds, ils sont très opérationnels et impliqués et investissent largement même dans les cas les plus critiques. Les investissements en retournement sont des investissements risqués : sur les dix dernières années, seuls environ 10 % des investissements de ce type réalisés en France ont été des succès. Notre opinion est donc qu’il est compliqué d’offrir des retours sur investissement (et une régularité) adaptés au modèle des fonds (LBO). Au regard de sa stratégie, Alandia cherche à prendre le contrôle majoritaire d’entreprises présentant un savoir-faire et dont les leviers permettant leur retournement sont activables par les manageurs de celle-ci (leviers non exogènes), pour les repositionner sur des marchés d’avenir et assurer leur pérennité par la génération de free cash flows .
Inflation, hausse des taux, difficultés de recrutement… : une mobilisation nécessaire des compétences pour faire face à ces problématiques
Authors: Colaert Cédric , Hosni Shafik , Dutheil Édouard , Leboucher Antoine 
Published: February 2023

Comment faire face à la crise en tant que chef d’entreprise ? La France a su développer une vraie pratique permettant d’accompagner les entreprises en difficulté et leurs dirigeants. Afin de faire face à de telles situations critiques, il est avant tout crucial de savoir poser le bon diagnostic, grâce à la détection rapide des symptômes. Une fois cette étape passée, il est nécessaire d’identifier les axes de retournement et de négociations avec l’ensemble des parties prenantes (entreprise, créanciers, État, salariés, etc.). Le contexte actuel nécessite de bien appréhender ce processus de traitement des difficultés qui a désormais fait ses preuves dans de nombreux dossiers d’entreprises de toute taille, de la TPE jusqu’au groupe coté.
Les restructurations d’entreprises : comment prévenir les licenciements et accompagner les plans de sauvegarde de l’emploi ?
Authors: Guern Valérie 
Published: February 2023

La prévention des licenciements économiques est un enjeu fondamental des politiques de l’emploi mises en œuvre par la délégation générale à l’Emploi et à la Formation professionnelle au sein du ministère du Travail, du Plein emploi et de l’Insertion. L’anticipation et l’accompagnement des mutations économiques sont nécessaires pour maintenir les salariés dans l’emploi et préserver les compétences. À ce titre, plusieurs outils sont mobilisables : l’activité partielle, l’activité partielle de longue durée (APLD) et le FNE-Formation. Lorsque les restructurations s’avèrent inéluctables, l’État est le garant du respect du dialogue social au sein des entreprises qui conduisent des réorganisations et s’assure que les moyens mis en œuvre par ces entreprises favorisent le reclassement des salariés. Dans les situations les plus difficiles, il mobilise des dispositifs spécifiques au bénéfice des salariés dont le licenciement ne peut être évité (contrat de sécurisation professionnelle, prestations grands licenciements, fonds européen d’ajustement à la mondialisation et divers dispositifs sectoriels, comme le fonds automobile.
Physical activity patterns of university students during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Amekran Youssra , El Hangouche Abdelkader Jalil 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and resulting restrictions have impacted populations’ lifestyles and posed a challenge regarding their behaviors, including physical activity (PA). This study aimed to evaluate PA patterns of university students during the COVID-19 outbreak. We also analyzed the association of participants’ characteristics, including their level of anxiety, under the pandemic conditions, with adherence to the world health organization (WHO) recommendations for PA.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This cross-sectional study comprised 717 Moroccan university students recruited during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ V.2) was used to evaluate PA. Data on sociodemographic characteristics and anxiety levels were also collected. Anxiety was assessed using State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was carried out. The association between participants’ characteristics and PA was studied using regression models.

RESULTS:
Of all participants, 33.2% did not achieve the recommended levels of PA. The daily median (25th–75th percentile) time spent in PA was 34.3 min (12.7–98.6), whereas the median time of sedentariness was 10 h per day (6–14). Multivariate analysis showed that female sex (OR = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.44–0.90; P < 0.05) and high level of state anxiety (OR = 0.43; 95% CI: 0.20–0.92; P < 0.05) were negatively associated with the achievement of the WHO recommended PA.

CONCLUSION:
The reported PA patterns of university students during the current outbreak should be taken into account and evoke the necessity of encouraging this population to adhere to the recommended PA levels. Targeting state anxiety related to the conditions we are facing may have a promising effect on the promotion of PA.
Explaining medical students’ perceptions of asynchronous virtual education in the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sodeify Roghieh , Habibpour Zeinab , Akbarbegloo Masoumeh 
Published: February 2023

INTRODUCTION:
With the unintended closure of classrooms following the outbreak of COVID-19, the virtual education method is used as an alternative to face-to-face education. Virtual education is one of the important factors in promoting the learning of medical students and has many benefits such as increasing the ability of critical thinking, problem-solving skills, and self-directed learning. However, critically examining students’ perceptions of e-learning can help improve quality and better planning.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This research was a qualitative study. Twelve students were enrolled in the study based on purposive sampling. Data were collected using in-depth semi-structured interviews in 2020. All interviews were recorded and then transcribed and analyzed using a continuous comparison and conventional content analysis approach.

RESULTS:
Data analysis revealed four main themes and ten subthemes. The main themes included “student concern,” “teacher barriers,” “technology weakness,” and “asynchronous virtual learning flexibility.”

CONCLUSION:
Asynchronous e-learning in the COVID-19 outbreak had its advantages and disadvantages. By analyzing students’ perceptions in this field, some better designs and planning can be done to increase the quality of education.
Effect of spiritual intelligence training on nurses’ skills for communicating with patients – an experimental study
Authors: Arad Mansour , Alilu Leyla , Habibzadeh Hosein , Khalkhali Hamidreza , Goli Rasoul 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:
Since poor communication with the patient has a negative impact on the quality of nursing care, taking the necessary measures to strengthen the relationship with the patient seems necessary. This study was conducted to determine the effect of spiritual intelligence training on nurses’ skills for communicating with patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This experimental study with the control group and the pretest-posttest design was conducted on 70 nurses working in Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mahabad, in 2019. Randomized stratified sampling was used to recruit participants. Then, participants were randomly assigned to the two groups of control and intervention. The demographic information form and the patient-nurse communication skill questionnaire were used to collect the data. For the intervention group, 7 spiritual intelligence training sessions were held as a workshop in 2 months. Two weeks and a month after the intervention, both groups completed the questionnaires. Data were analyzed with the SPSS software version 17.0.

RESULTS:
The findings showed that the mean communication skill scores in the intervention group before training were 44.71 ± 7.62, which significantly increased to 66.22 ± 8.43 2 weeks after training. Bonferroni multiple comparisons showed the mean communication skill scores significantly increased before, 2 weeks later and in the follow-up phase in the intervention group (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:
Spiritual intelligence training is effective in improving the communication skills of nurses. It is recommended that the prepared content can be provided to in-service training units; consequently, nurses can improve their communication skills by individual and group learning.
Identifying the themes of medical tourism business in Iran
Authors: Badrabadi Nafiseh Karimi , Tourani Sogand , Karimi Asef 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:
Nowadays, medical tourism reports impressive growth in terms of number of persons, income, and number of countries involved in cross-border flows. It refers to people traveling abroad (from home to a target country) to obtain medical treatment. The present study aimed to identify the themes and codes of the medical tourism business in Iran.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
We searched international databases (such as PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science) and Iranian bibliography thesaurus and repositories (namely, Scientific Information Database and Magiran) using keywords such as medical tourism, international medical travel, and medical tourism business in the English and Persian literature, published between January 2000 and December 2019, identified with no restriction on the type of the studies. The data were analyzed based on the content analysis method.

RESULTS:
Out of 1054 articles, 14 were finally selected. In the end, eight themes of the medical tourism business including competitive pricing, safety and security, information and communication technology, labor market and human resources, structure management, leading the way in medical tourism, infrastructure, and exchange with the international world were identified which on the whole contain 45 codes. Most of the articles were quantitative. Four of the themes (competitive price, labor market and human resources, structure management, and infrastructure) were most frequent and of the highest importance.

CONCLUSION:
The themes and codes identified in this study helps companies and individuals who want to work in the field of medical tourism. According to this study, all 8 themes and 45 codes are of high value, but still, some themes are of higher value than others and special attention should be paid to them.
Do mothers who meet the minimum standard of antenatal visits have better knowledge? A study from Indonesia
Authors: Anis Wahyul , Amalia Rize Budi , Dewi Erni Rosita 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:
Maternal knowledge is one of the indirect causes of maternal mortality in Indonesia. Maternal knowledge that mothers must possess includes knowledge about pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum. Maternal knowledge should be provided during pregnancy. The aim of this study is to identify maternal knowledge in postpartum women who have a history of the frequency of pregnancy visits according to the minimum standard.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A descriptive quantitative design was performed by assessing maternal knowledge to postpartum mothers using an online questionnaire which conducted in 2020 at two public health centers of Surabaya, Indonesia. A sample of this research involved postpartum mothers who completed inclusion criteria, namely physiological postpartum mothers and had regular pregnancy at least 6 antenatal care (ANC) visits. In contrast, the exclusion criteria were postpartum mothers who were not included in the target areas of research. It uses random sampling techniques and performs an analysis using descriptive statistics.

RESULTS:
Three research questions showed a large percentage of wrong answers, namely preparation to face complications (64%), contraceptive methods in breastfeeding mothers (50%) and the first time using contraception during childbirth (42%). Meanwhile, all the correct results (100%) are exclusive breastfeeding and supplementary feeding for babies.

CONCLUSION:
Completing minimal standards of ANC visits cannot ensure adequate maternal knowledge, particularly crucial health information that influences maternal and neonatal health status.
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and influence of professional medical guidance
Authors: Nair Govind , Venkatesan Kirthika , Nair Arjun , Firoz Irene N. , Haroon Nisha Nigil 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:
Vaccine hesitancy presents a major challenge during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is crucial to address the factors contributing to vaccine hesitancy necessary to control the associated morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to investigate the impact of professional medical guidance on the likelihood of receiving the COVID-19 vaccine in immigrants of USA and Canada.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A total of 92 immigrants in the USA and Canada who predominantly spoke Malayalam were recruited using social media platforms. An online survey was administered investigating participants’ confidence in receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. Following, a short webinar was conducted by a medical professional explaining the efficacy and safety of the vaccine. A postwebinar survey was immediately given assessing the confidence and likelihood of receiving the vaccine. SPSS was used to generate descriptive statistics and Pearson Chi-square analysis where appropriate.

RESULTS:
Results revealed that participants who attended the webinar reported greater confidence in receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. There was a statistically significant difference between pre- and postwebinar confidence scores for the COVID-19 vaccine, χ2 (12, n = 80) = 43.34, P < 0.01.

CONCLUSION:
Results from the current study demonstrate the successful delivery of professional medical guidance to the general public through online small-group sessions to help address the misconceptions surrounding the COVID-19 vaccine and combat vaccine hesitancy among vulnerable populations. Future studies should focus on interventions addressing vaccine hesitancy in larger and diverse populations and analyze other barriers to vaccination.
Components of curriculum supervision regarding the accountability of universities of medical sciences
Authors: Avizhgan Maryam , Yamani Nikoo , Omid Athar , Shahidi Shahrzad 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:
This study was conducted on accountability, aiming to design components for monitoring the curricula of universities of medical sciences.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This study was a developmental one, conducted in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences with the document and literature review, a focus group, and a survey from 2018 to 2020. The first version of the components was designed by the library research and content analysis method. Following developing the initial tool, its validity was evaluated with a focus group, and the questionnaire was prepared according to face and content validity.

RESULTS:
In this study, 73 components were designed in eight domains for curriculum supervision, including requirements (12), needs and goals (6), content (10), teaching–learning strategies (10), educational materials and resources (5), educational time (2), educational setting (10), and evaluation (18).

CONCLUSION:
The components of curriculum supervision were designed due to their importance in the evolution and innovation of medical sciences, particularly accountability in the education system, and lack of relevant research. With these components, the current and optimal status of curricula can be determined in universities.
Understanding the rationales behind childbearing
Authors: Moeini Babak , Erfani Amir , Barati Majid , Doosti-Irani Amin , Hosseini Hatam , Soheylizad Mokhtar 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:
Childbearing is the most important determinant of population fluctuations and its studies are more important than other population phenomena. Many factors are associated with childbearing, but individual factors associated with it have been less studied in a specific framework. The present study aimed to explore and identify the factors related to childbearing based on extended theory of planned behavior (ETPB).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This qualitative study was conducted among married women <35 years of age and married men whose spouses were under 35 years of age and lived in the City of Hamadan, Iran, in 2019. The data were collected by semistructured and face-to-face in-depth interviews and continued until the data saturation was reached. Overall, 15 interviews were conducted with 17 people. The data were analyzed, using a directed content analysis approach.

RESULTS:
The data analysis resulted in the extraction of 28 main codes, 9 subcategories, and 4 themes, which were correspond to constructs of the theory, consisting of attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and social support in the field of childbearing. The main predictors were attitude toward childbearing and perceived control.

CONCLUSION:
The findings of this study showed that ETPB has a potential to explain the intention and behavior of childbearing. The ETPB makes it possible to understand many of the factors associated with childbearing. The results of this study could be the basis for designing appropriate data collection instrument in quantitative studies and vast surveys.
Studying the Association between Cigarette Smoking and Serum Copper, Zinc, and Magnesium Concentrations
Authors: Mohammed Asmaa Mahmoud , Hashish Adel F , El-Saeed Gamila S. 
Published: February 2023

Background and Objectives:
Tobacco smoking causes damages almost for every organ in the body. Based on the literature review, the relationship between smoking, including nicotine dependence, and the serum zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg) status has not been studied sufficiently. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship of cigarette smoking, including the nicotine dependence state of the smokers, with serum Cu, Zn, and Mg concentrations.

Subjects and Methods:
Overall, 41 active smokers and 44 nonsmokers were investigated for serum Cu, Zn, and Mg concentrations; in addition to urinary cotinine/creatinine ratio. The eight-item Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence (FTND) questionnaire has been used to determine the nicotine dependence status of the smokers.

Results:
A significant hypozincemia has been detected in 34.1% of the smokers versus 9.1% of nonsmokers, with a five-fold higher risk than nonsmokers. Moreover, a significant hypomagnesemia has been detected in 24.4% of the smokers, with 6.7 fold higher risk than the nonsmokers. The serum Cu concentrations of the smokers were significantly higher (102.4 ± 17.5 μg/dl) than the nonsmokers (70.7 ± 17.1 μg/dl), (P < 0.0001). Each 1 year decrease in the initial age of starting smoking was associated with an increase in the serum Cu concentration by 0.016 μg/dl. Each increase in the serum Cu concentration by 1 μg/dl was associated with a decrease in the serum Zn and Mg concentrations by 0.4 μg/dl and 4 μg/dl, respectively.

Conclusion:
Cigarette smoking is a significant risk factor for hypozincemia, hypomagnesemia, and high Cu concentrations regardless of the nicotine dependence status of the smokers. Early management of hypozincemia may be a preventive measure to decrease the incidence of the oxidative stress-induced diseases.
FDA-APPROVED INDICATIONS OF ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE (ACTH) AS A DRUG: DOES IT HAVE A PLACE IN DISEASE MANAGEMENT TODAY?
Authors: Iliopoulos George , Daoussis Dimitrios 
Published: February 2023

ACTH is a pituitary hormone important for proper function of adrenal glands, cortisol production as well as human physiology in general. It is involved in the pathogenesis of several endocrine disorders like Cushing syndrome and can be a useful diagnostic tool for diseases like primary adrenal insufficiency. Although popular as a hormone in endocrine system physiology and testing, ACTH has been used as a drug since the 1950s. Except for steroid-releasing properties, its mechanism of action involves a steroid-independent anti-inflammatory and possible immune-modulatory effect. Pharmaceutic ACTH has a wide range of indications approved by FDA and usually comes in the form of subcutaneous injections. In this narrative review, we accumulated what we considered as important data from reviews, cases and trials involving the most basic FDA-approved ACTH indications. A special emphasis was given on rheumatologic indications of ACTH. More large data studies need to be performed to assess ACTH usefulness, efficacy, safety and cost-effectiveness as a drug.
Gambaran Tingkat Ansietas Perawat Dalam Melakukan Asuhan Keperawatan Di Ruangan IGD Dan Poli Spesialis Rumah Sakit Santa Elisabeth Medan Tahun 2021
Authors: Damanik Binsar krisman , Br Karo Mestiana , Pane Jagentar P 
Published: February 2023

Ansietas merupakan suatu perasaan takut yang berasal dari eksternal atau internal sehingga tubuh memiliki respons secara perilaku, emosional, kognitif, dan fisik. Gejala kecemasan adalah seperti khawatir, firasat buruk, takut akan pikirannya sendiri, merasa tegang, tidak tenang, gelisah, mudah terkejut, takut sendirian, gangguan pola tidur, gangguan konsentrasi dan daya ingat, serta rasa sakit pada otot, tulang, berdebar-debar, sesak nafas, gangguan pencernaan, gangguan perkemihan, sakit kepala dan sebagainya.. Tujuan penelitian ini Mengetahui gambaran tingkat kecemasan perawat dalam melakukan asuhan keperawatan di ruangan IGD dan Poli Spesialis Rumah Sakit Santa Elisabeth Medan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif.penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner tingkat kecemasan dari Zung Self-Ranting Anxiety Scale.teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dengan jumlah responden 35 orang perawat. Hasil penelitian inididapatkan mayoritas responden dengan jenis kelamin Perempuan sebanyak 30 orang (86%) dan minoritas responden jenis kelamin Laki-Laki sebanyak 5 orang (14%), karakteristik mayoritas responden dengan lama kerja yaitu 0-5 tahun (37%) sebanyak 13 orang, sehingga didapatkan hasil 18 orang (51%) perawat tidak mengalami kecemasan, 17 orang (49%) perawat mengalami kecemasan ringan, dan tidak satu pun responden mengalami kecemasan sedang dan berat.