bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photocatalytic Microplastics “On‐The‐fly” Degradation via Motile Quantum Materials‐Based Microrobots
Authors: Jancik‐Prochazkova Anna , Jašek Vojtěch , Figalla Silvestr , Pumera Martin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNano/micro‐plastics pollution is an emerging global concern. A variety of biodegradable polymers have been synthesized to enhance the degradation of plastic materials and thereby avoid their accumulation in the environment. However, even biodegradable polymers can accumulate in environments under specific conditions and present a potential hazard. Here, antimony sulfide‐based microrobots decorated with magnetite nanoparticles are designed for microplastics degradation. The propulsion of microrobots is enabled by two independent orthogonal physical modes via magnetic field and via light irradiation. Due to phoretic interactions, the microrobots exhibit affinity toward poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) microplastics, which enables subsequent transport of the microplastics in a transversal rotating magnetic field. The photocatalytic activity of Sb2S3 quantum material provides microrobots with the ability to degrade the microplastics under UV light irradiation in the “on‐the‐fly” regime without the need for any fuel. This proof‐of‐concept work shows efficient capture, transport, and photocatalytic degradation of microplastics and paves the way toward their elimination, especially in water environments.
Direct Synthesis of Fused Thienoindoles via Base Promoted Double C−H Sulfuration with Elemental Sulfur
Authors: Chen Shanping , Hu Kai , Feng Wei , Mao Guojiang , Li Yuxia , Deng Guo‐Jun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA direct strategy for the preparation of fused thienoindoles from substituted indoles and elemental sulfur has been reported. The present approach produces a range of structurally valuable fused thienoindoles in 51–78% yield under transition‐metal‐free conditions, which may have potential applications in pharmaceutical industry and organic functional materials. In this work, the double C−S bonds formation is achieved via base promoted direct sulfuration of C−H bonds with elemental sulfur.
Self‐Propelled Enzymatic Nanomotors from Prodrug‐Skeletal Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks for Boosting Multimodel Cancer Therapy Efficiency
Authors: Yu Jieyu , Li Yan , Yan An , Gao Yuwei , Xiao Fei , Xu Zhengwei , Xu Jiayun , Yu Shuangjiang , Liu Junqiu , Sun Hongcheng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSelf‐propelled nanomotors, which can autonomous propelled by harnessing others type of energy, have shown tremendous potential as drug delivery systems for cancer therapy. However, it remains challenging for nanomotors in tumor theranostics because of their structural complexity and deficient therapeutic model. Herein, glucose‐fueled enzymatic nanomotors (GC6@cPt ZIFs) are developed through encapsulation of glucose oxidase (GOx), catalase (CAT), and chlorin e6 (Ce6) using cisplatin‐skeletal zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (cPt ZIFs) for synergetic photochemotherapy. The GC6@cPt ZIFs nanomotors can produce O2 through enzymatic cascade reactions for propelling the self‐propulsion. Trans‐well chamber and multicellular tumor spheroids experiments demonstrate the deep penetration and high accumulation of GC6@cPt nanomotors. Importantly, the glucose‐fueled nanomotor can release the chemotherapeutic cPt and generate reactive oxygen species under laser irradiation, and simultaneously consume intratumoral over‐expressed glutathione. Mechanistically, such processes can inhibit cancer cell energy and destroy intratumoral redox balance to synergistically damage DNA and induce tumor cell apoptosis. Collectively, this work demonstrates that the self‐propelled prodrug‐skeleton nanomotors with oxidative stress activation can highlight a robust therapeutic capability of oxidants amplification and glutathione depletion to boost the synergetic cancer therapy efficiency.
Model‐based systems engineering approaches to chemicals and materials manufacturing
Authors: Le Quang , Feingold Joshua , Glandorf William , Kent Jeff , Sherman Robert , Ferri James K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractModel‐based systems engineering (MBSE) is part of a long‐term trend toward model‐centric approaches adopted by many engineering disciplines. We establish the need of an MBSE approach by reviewing the importance, complexity, and vulnerability of the U.S. chemical supply chains. We discuss the origins, work processes, modeling approaches, and supporting tools of the systems engineering discipline (SE) and discuss limitations of the Process Systems Engineering (PSE) framework. We make the case for MBSE as a more generalizable approach. We introduce systems modeling strategies for MBSE, and a novel MBSE method that supports the automation tailored and extended to support the analysis of chemical supply chains. We demonstrate a specific use case of this method by creating a systems model for the manufacturing of an active pharmaceutical ingredient, Atropine. We conclude with a prospectus on developmental opportunities for extracting greater benefit from MBSE in the design and management of chemical supply chains.
Anemia and thrombocytopenia due to a novel BRPF1 variant in a family from Çanakkale with intellectual disability and dysmorphic facies: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Kose Canan Ceylan , Kaya Derya , Akcan Mehmet Berkay , Silan Fatma 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntellectual developmental disorder with dysmorphic facies and ptosis (IDDDFP) (MIM#617333) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by delayed psychomotor development, intellectual disability (ID), and dysmorphic facial features due to pathogenic variations in the Bromodomain‐ and PHD Finger‐Containing Protein (BRPF1) (MIM#602410) gene. Herein, we report the first Turkish patients with IDDDFP. Additionally, the patients had hematopoietic disorders such as anemia and thrombocytopenia, which have not been previously described in IDDDFP patients. Genetic testing using Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) revealed a novel heterozygous c.1433G > A; p.W478* (NM_004634.3) pathogenic variant on exon 3 of the BRPF1 gene. The patients demonstrated classical features of IDDDFP such as intellectual disability, developmental delay, ptosis, micro and retrognathia, and dysmorphic facial features, in addition to the anemia and thrombocytopenia. Apart from the variant in BRPF1, no additional genomic changes were detected by WES and chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA). Hopefully, our novel report on the hematopoietic anomalies of our patients due to BRPF1 will expand upon the clinical spectrum of IDDDFP, encourage further studies about BRPF1‐hematopoietic system relations, and affect the diagnostic and therapeutic schemes of hematopoietic system disorders.
The acoustic structure of spider monkey (Ateles geoffroyi) calls is related both to caller goal and arousal
Authors: Ordóñez‐Gómez José D. , Schamberg Isaac , Hammerschmidt Kurt 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAnalyzing the factors related to the acoustic structure of primate calls is fundamental to identifying the potential information these signals convey, and therefore, their potential function. It is well‐accepted that caller arousal is an important driver of acoustic variation in call structure. However, evidence suggests that arousal alone cannot explain the production of calls with different acoustic structures. The “caller goal” framework posits that a call type (e.g., bark and chitter) is a signal which evolved to elicit specific changes on receiver behavior, and a caller's goal, not its arousal state, determines the basic acoustic structure of animal calls. To get a better insight into the effects of caller goal and arousal on the acoustic structure of primate calls, we analyzed the acoustic variation of 382 calls produced by 27 free‐ranging spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi) in six call contexts representing three caller goals (establishing contact, engage in aggression, and predator presence) across two arousal states (high and low). Discriminant function analyses and linear mixed models showed a strong effect of caller goal on calls' acoustic structure and supported the effect of arousal state on acoustic variation; misclassified calls mainly occurred between the same caller goal categories (e.g., alarm low arousal and alarm high arousal), and acoustic differences between arousal contexts showed the same pattern across the three caller goals (e.g., low center frequency [kHz] values in high arousal contexts). Our results supported the view that caller goal is the primary driver of acoustic difference and showed the effects of caller arousal on other structural differences.
Plasma and CSF concentrations of N‐terminal tau fragments associate with in vivo neurofibrillary tangle burden
Authors: Lantero‐Rodriguez Juan , Tissot Cécile , Snellman Anniina , Servaes Stijn , Benedet Andrea L. , Rahmouni Nesrine , Montoliu‐Gaya Laia , Therriault Joseph , Brum Wagner S. , Stevenson Jenna , Lussier Firoza Z. , Bezgin Gleb , Macedo Arthur C. , Chamoun Mira , Mathotaarachi Sulantha S. , Pascoal Tharick A. , Ashton Nicholas J. , Zetterberg Henrik , Neto Pedro Rosa , Blennow Kaj 
Published: May 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONFluid biomarkers capable of specifically tracking tau tangle pathology in vivo are greatly needed.METHODSWe measured cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma concentrations of N‐terminal tau fragments (NTA‐tau), using a novel immunoassay (NTA) in the TRIAD cohort, consisting of 272 individuals assessed with amyloid beta (Aβ) positron emission tomography (PET), tau PET, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cognitive assessments.RESULTSCSF and plasma NTA‐tau concentrations were specifically increased in cognitively impaired Aβ‐positive groups. CSF and plasma NTA‐tau concentrations displayed stronger correlations with tau PET than with Aβ PET and MRI, both in global uptake and at the voxel level. Regression models demonstrated that both CSF and plasma NTA‐tau are preferentially associated with tau pathology. Moreover, plasma NTA‐tau was associated with longitudinal tau PET accumulation across the aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD) spectrum.DISCUSSIONNTA‐tau is a biomarker closely associated with in vivo tau deposition in the AD continuum and has potential as a tau tangle biomarker in clinical settings and trials.Highlights
An assay for detecting N‐terminal tau fragments (NTA‐tau) in plasma and CSF was evaluated.
NTA‐tau is more closely associated with tau PET than amyloid PET or neurodegeneration.
NTA‐tau can successfully track in vivo tau deposition across the AD continuum.
Plasma NTA‐tau increased over time only in cognitively impaired amyloid‐β positive individuals.
Cosmological Parameters from Planck Data in SU(2)CMB, Their Local ΛCDM Values, and the Modified Photon Boltzmann Equation
Authors: Hofmann Ralf , Meinert Janning , Balaji Shyam Sunder 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA review of the spatially flat cosmological model SU(2)CMB, minimally induced by the postulate that the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is subject to an SU(2) rather than a U(1) gauge principle, is given. Cosmological parameter values, which are determined from the Planck CMB power spectra at small angular scales, are compared to their values in spatially flat ΛCDM from both local and global extractions. As a global model SU(2)CMB leans toward local ΛCDM cosmology and is in tension with some global ΛCDM parameter values. Spectral antiscreening / screening effects in SU(2)CMB radiance are presented within the Rayleigh– Jeans regime in dependence on temperature and frequency. Such radiance anomalies can cause CMB large‐angle anomalies. Therefore, it is pointed out how SU(2)CMB modifies the Boltzmann equation for the perturbations of the photon phase space distribution at low redshift and why this requires to the solve the ℓ‐hierarchy on a comoving momentum grid (q‐grid) for all z.
An Implantable Fiber Biosupercapacitor with High Power Density by Multi‐Strand Twisting Functionalized Fibers
Authors: Qian Zheyan , Yang Yiqing , Wang Liyuan , Wang Jiajia , Guo Yue , Liu Ziwei , Li Jianzheng , Zhang Haoyu , Sun Xuemei , Peng Huisheng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBiosupercapacitors (BSCs) that can harvest and store chemical energy show great promise for power delivery of biological applications. However, low power density still limits their applications, especially as miniaturized implants. Here, we report an implantable fiber BSC with maximal power density of 22.6 mW cm−2, superior to the previous reports. The fiber BSC was fabricated by integrating anode and cathode fibers of biofuel cell with supercapacitor fibers through multi‐strand twisting. This twisting structure endowed many channels inside and high electrochemical active area for efficient mass diffusion and charge transfer among different fibers, benefiting high power output. The obtained thin and flexible fiber BSC operated stably under deformations and performed high biocompatibility after implantation. Eventually, the fiber BSC was implanted subcutaneously in rats and successfully realized electrical stimulation of sciatic nerve, showing promise as a power source in vivo.
A Self‐Deoxidizing Electrolyte Additive Enables Highly Stable Aqueous Zinc Batteries
Authors: Sun Rui , Han Daliang , Cui Changjun , Han Zishan , Guo Xiaoxia , Zhang Bo , Guo Yong , Liu Yingxin , Weng Zhe , Yang Quan‐Hong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn aqueous zinc (Zn) batteries, the Zn anode suffers from severe corrosion reactions and consequent dendrite growth troubles that cause fast performance decay. Herein, we uncover the corrosion mechanism and confirm that the dissolved oxygen (DO) other than the reputed proton is a principal origin of Zn corrosion and by‐product precipitates, especially during the initial battery resting period. In a break from common physical deoxygenation methods, we propose a chemical self‐deoxygenation strategy to tackle the DO‐induced hazards. As a proof of concept, sodium anthraquinone‐2‐sulfonate (AQS) is introduced to aqueous electrolytes as a self‐deoxidizing additive. As a result, the Zn anode sustains a long‐term cycling of 2500 h at 0.5 mA cm−2 and over 1100 h at 5 mA cm−2 together with a high Coulombic efficiency up to 99.6 %. The full cells also show a high capacity retention of 92 % after 500 cycles. Our findings provide a renewed understanding of Zn corrosion in aqueous electrolytes and also a practical solution towards industrializing aqueous Zn batteries.
Achieving White‐Light Emission Using Organic Persistent Room Temperature Phosphorescence
Authors: Wu Zhu , Choi Heekyoung , Hudson Zachary M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractArtificial lighting currently consumes approximately one‐fifth of global electricity production. Organic emitters with white persistent RTP have potential for applications in energy‐efficient lighting technologies, due to their ability to harvest both singlet and triplet excitons. Compared to heavy metal phosphorescent materials, they have significant advantages in cost, processability, and reduced toxicity. Phosphorescence efficiency can be improved by introducing heteroatoms, heavy atoms, or by incorporating luminophores within a rigid matrix. White‐light emission can be achieved by tuning the ratio of fluorescence to phosphorescence intensity or by pure phosphorescence with a broad emission spectrum. This review summarizes recent advances in the design of purely organic RTP materials with white‐light emission, describing single‐component and host‐guest systems. White phosphorescent carbon dots and representative applications of white‐light RTP materials are also introduced.
Cyanine Polymersomes Inbreathe Gas Signaling Molecule: SO2‐Driven Bilayer Tubular Deformation for Transmembrane Traffic Regulation
Authors: Li Xuefeng , Wang Yixin , Yan Qiang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFabricating nanoscale assemblies that can respond to gas signaling molecules has emerged as a field of growing interest owing to their unique biomedical applications in gas‐guided delivery and gas therapeutics. Yet, among a variety of endogenous gaseous biosignals, exploiting sulfur dioxide (SO2) as a cue for controllable self‐assembly remains elusive, despite its crucial two‐sided roles both in physiology and pathology. Here we show a SO2‐responsive polymersome system assembled from a novel class of cyanine‐containing block copolymers. By intake of SO2 gas, the tautomerism of cyanine drives such vesicles to continuously deform, and change into long nanotubes through axial stretching and anisotropic extrusion of the membranes. Unexpectedly, during this order‐to‐order phase transition, their membranes manifest well SO2‐dose‐dependent permselectivity, which allows the cargos of different sizes loaded therein to be selectively transferred across the bilayers. This study would inspire us to better understand and mimic the function of gas signaling molecules in shifting biomembrane shape and managing transmembrane traffic.
Hydroxyl Radical‐Mediated Efficient Photoelectrocatalytic NO Oxidation with Simultaneous Nitrate Storage Using A Flow Photoanode Reactor
Authors: Li Shuangjun , Shang Huan , Tao Ying , Li Pengpeng , Pan Honghui , Wang Qing , Zhang Shao , Jia Hongbao , Zhang Haonan , Cao Jiazhen , Zhang Bixiang , Zhang Rui , Li Guisheng , Zhang Yanrong , Zhang Dieqing , Li Hexing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe selective conversion of dilute NO pollutant into low‐toxic product and simultaneous storage of metabolic nitrogen for crop plants remains a great challenge from the perspective of waste management and sustainable chemistry. This study demonstrates that this bottleneck can be well tackled by refining the reactive oxygen species (ROS) on Ni‐modified NH2‐UiO‐66(Zr) (Ni@NU) using nickel foam (NF) as a three‐dimensional (3D) substrate through a flow photoanode reactor via the gas‐phase photoelectrocatalysis. By rationally refining the ROS to ⋅OH, Ni@NU/NF can rapidly eliminate 82 % of NO without releasing remarkable NO2 under a low bias voltage (0.3 V) and visible light irradiation. The abundant mesoporous pores on Ni@NU/NF are conducive to the diffusion and storage of the formed nitrate, which enables the progressive conversion NO into nitrate with selectivity over 99 % for long‐term use. Through calculation, 90 % of NO could be recovered as the nitrate species, indicating that this state‐of‐the‐art strategy can capture, enrich and recycle the pollutant N source from the atmosphere. This study offers a new perspective of NO pollutant treatment and sustainable nitrogen exploitation, which may possess great potential to the development of highly efficient air purification systems for industrial and indoor NOx control.
Synergistic effect of OMMT and Ni2O3 on the flame retardancy of LLDPE/EVA composites with magnesium hydroxide
Authors: Wu Pengwei , Liu Jie , Wang Song , Li Sanxi , Tang Tao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOrganically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) and Ni2O3 were simultaneously introduced into flame‐retardant linear low‐density polyethylene/ethylene‐vinyl acetate/magnesium hydroxide (LEM) composites. Compared with the LEM composite, the thermal stability, and tensile properties of LEM/ remained basically unchanged when 5 wt% of OMMT/Ni2O3 was substituted for MH. The LOI value increased a little from 27.2 to 27.7%. The data from cone calorimeter test showed that the first and second peak heat release rate was reduced by 19% and 67%, respectively. The total heat release and total smoke production showed a significant reduction by 18% and 36% after incorporation of OMMT/Ni2O3, respectively. The mechanism study indicated that the combination of OMMT/Ni2O3 cooperates promote the carbonization of the polymer itself into carbon naotubes, which form a more cohesive char layer with magnesium hydroxide during combustion. This is the core factor responsible for the synergistic effect on reducing the heat release and smoke production in the LEM composite.
Preparation and properties of functional emulsion based on bio‐macromolecules self‐assembled colloidal particles
Authors: Zhang Cuige , Xu Bo , Yan Xin , Xia Chunmiao , Xu Maodong , Zhang Rongli 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBio‐macromolecules alginic acid (ALG), lysozyme (Lys) and calcium ion can self‐assemble to prepare ALG/Ca2+/Lys colloidal particles by electrostatic interaction. The size and morphology of the colloidal particles were characterized by BI‐90PIus Zeta potentiometer and scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the formed colloidal particles have a spherical structure with a particle size of 480 nm. The colloidal particles can be reassembled at the oil (containing fat‐soluble vitamin D3)‐water interface to stabilize oil‐in‐water functional Pickering emulsions. The effects of pH values and salt concentrations on the properties and emulsifying properties of colloidal particles were investigated in detail. The sustained release properties of the emulsion to Ca2+ and vitamin D3 functional factors were studied. The results show that the emulsion has better sustained release performance for both Ca2+ and vitamin D3. Using zinc ion (Zn2+) instead of Ca2+ and bio‐macromolecule hyaluronic acid (HA) instead of ALG, the colloidal particles ALG/Zn2+/Lys and HA/Zn2+/Lys were prepared. The Pickering emulsion prepared with colloidal particles still has good sustained release performance for functional factors. The prepared functional emulsion has potential applications in the fields of food, medicine and cosmetics.
3D artificial sebocyte glands from inertial focusing effect for facile and flexible analysis of light damage and drug screening
Authors: Tang Tan , Wei Yanran , Jia Hongxing , Wang Lelin , Xu Ye , Zhang Peipei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe sebaceous gland is a neuro‐immuno‐endocrine organ responsible for maintaining regular skin functions. Overdose exposure of UV and visible light (e.g., blue light) can cause sebocyte gland function disorders or even different diseases (e.g., chronic actinic dermatitis). Studying the mechanism of light‐induced damage in sebaceous glands has been challenging, since ex vivo culture of sebaceous glands is difficult due to its short life in culture medium. To address this issue, a versatile 3D artificial sebocyte gland model was established using the inertial focusing effect for studying the impact of light damage and screening potential drugs. The artificial sebocyte gland exhibited specific biological function and structure similar to natural sebocyte glands. Using this artificial sebocyte gland, the interactions between the artificial organ and blue light or UV were studied. The results indicated that UV and blue light upregulated lipid secretion and downregulated cell viability within the sebocytes. Light damage intensified oxidative stress and promoted pro‐inflammation cytokines (i.e., IL‐1β and TNF‐α) production in the artificial sebocytes. Additionally, the therapeutic effects of cannabidiol, a clinically tested drug for treating acne, was also indicated on restoring light damaged sebaceous gland functions. These results indicate that the 3D artificial sebocyte gland could be a versatile, fast, and low‐cost platform for skincare studies or drug screening.