bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metal-rimmed eight-element tri-band multiple-input multiple-output system with high efficiency for modern 5G smartphones
Authors: Thakur Vishakha , Jaglan Naveen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFor future fifth-generation (5G) smartphones, a high-efficiency multiple-input/multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system capable of operating in Long Term Evolution (LTE) 42/43/46 is suggested. A pair of small microstrip-fed slot antenna and inverted F antenna is part of the single antenna design structure. They are positioned on the longer side of the FR-4 printed circuit board. In an effort to lessen the mutual coupling, two antenna elements have a U-shaped rectangular slot inserted between them. The detailed study of the suggested MIMO system includes measurement of the reflection parameter, analyzing the radiation performance, performing envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) and channel capacity calculations, and analyses of the effects of user’s hand in the vicinity of the antenna array. Simulation and measurement results demonstrate the required performance of the proposed design, that is, greater than 80% of total efficiency, isolation >12 dB, and ECC <0.15. The suggested antenna has the benefits of multiband operation, high efficiency, good isolation, and a small footprint.
Comments on “New Insights From the 2003 Halloween Storm Into the Colaba 1600 nT Magnetic Depression During the 1859 Carrington Storm” by S. Ohtani (2022)
Authors: Tsurutani Bruce T. , Lakhina Gurbax S. , Hajra Rajkumar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Colaba, India ∼−1,600 nT magnetic spike caused by an interplanetary sheath magnetic field inducing a “dayside R1‐field aligned current wedge” during the Carrington magnetic storm proposed by Ohtani (2022), https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JA030596 seems highly improbable. Normal interplanetary magnetic field intensities of ∼5 nT have previously been shown to be sufficient to explain the ∼+120 nT sudden impulse (SI+) observed at Colaba during the storm (Tsurutani et al., 2018, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JA024779). Magnetohydrodynamic theory (Kennel et al., 1985, https://doi.org/10.1029/GM034p0001) predicts a maximum of 4× magnetic field compression by a fast shock, giving an interplanetary sheath field of ∼20 nT, a value too low to support the Ohtani (2022), https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JA030596 hypothesis. The Ohtani (2022), https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JA030596 (and G. Siscoe et al., 2006, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2005.02.102) claim of a further 10× amplification of the interplanetary sheath fields has not been verified in near‐Earth interplanetary sheaths. The original (Tsurutani et al., 2003, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JA009504) hypothesis that an interplanetary coronal mass ejection magnetic cloud (MC) having southward magnetic fields of ∼90 nT caused the Carrington magnetic storm main phase of peak SYM‐H/Dst = −1,760 nT seems more likely. The short time between the SI+ and the storm main phase onset implies a foreshortened interplanetary sheath. The extremely rapid recovery of the magnetic storm was hypothesized by Tsurutani et al. (2018), https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JA024779 as being due to nonlinear ring current losses. We point out that the Hydro‐Quebec 1989 storm was caused by multiple shock‐sheaths and MCs (Lakhina & Tsurutani, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40562‐016‐0037‐4) unlike the interplanetary causes of the Carrington storm. The Hydro‐Quebec event was a “stealth” magnetic storm.
A new function of photochromic spiropyran: an efficient photoinitiator for two-photon polymerization
Authors: Wang Xuanhang , Xu Bin , Tian Wenjing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPhotochromic spiropyran molecule shows a brand new function for serving as an efficient photoinitiator to activate two-photon photopolymerization, thus paving the way for developing a fast 3D printing technology.
Pre-intensive care unit use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and mortality in critically ill adults with mental disorders: analysis from the MIMIC-IV database
Authors: Gu Wan-Jie , Zhang Lu-Ming , Wang Chun-Mei , Zhao Feng-Zhi , Yin Hai-Yan , Lyu Jun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most commonly prescribed drugs for mental disorders in critically ill patients. We performed a retrospective cohort study to investigate the association between pre-ICU use of SSRIs and mortality in critically ill adults with mental disorders. We identified critically ill adults with mental disorders based on the Medical Information Mart in Intensive Care-IV database. The exposure was the use of SSRIs during the period after hospital admission and before ICU admission. The outcome was in-hospital mortality. Time-dependent Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). To further test the robustness of the results, we performed propensity score matching and marginal structural Cox model estimated by inverse probability of treatment weighting. The original cohort identified 16601 patients. Of those, 2232 (13.4%) received pre-ICU SSRIs, and 14369 (86.6%) did not. Matched cohort obtained 4406 patients, with 2203 patients in each group (SSRIs users vs. non-users). In the original cohort, pre-ICU use of SSRIs was associated with a 24% increase in the hazard for in-hospital mortality (aHR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.05–1.46; P = 0.010). The results were robust in the matched cohort (aHR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.02–1.57; P = 0.032) and the weighted cohort (aHR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.32–1.54; P < 0.001). Pre-ICU use of SSRIs is associated with an increase in the hazard for in-hospital mortality in critically ill adults with mental disorders.
Chromatin alternates between A and B compartments at kilobase scale for subgenic organization
Authors: Harris Hannah L. , Gu Huiya , Olshansky Moshe , Wang Ailun , Farabella Irene , Eliaz Yossi , Kalluchi Achyuth , Krishna Akshay , Jacobs Mozes , Cauer Gesine , Pham Melanie , Rao Suhas S. P. , Dudchenko Olga , Omer Arina , Mohajeri Kiana , Kim Sungjae , Nichols Michael H. , Davis Eric S. , Gkountaroulis Dimos , Udupa Devika , Aiden Aviva Presser , Corces Victor G. , Phanstiel Douglas H. , Noble William Stafford , Nir Guy , Di Pierro Michele , Seo Jeong-Sun , Talkowski Michael E. , Aiden Erez Lieberman , Rowley M. Jordan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNuclear compartments are prominent features of 3D chromatin organization, but sequencing depth limitations have impeded investigation at ultra fine-scale. CTCF loops are generally studied at a finer scale, but the impact of looping on proximal interactions remains enigmatic. Here, we critically examine nuclear compartments and CTCF loop-proximal interactions using a combination of in situ Hi-C at unparalleled depth, algorithm development, and biophysical modeling. Producing a large Hi-C map with 33 billion contacts in conjunction with an algorithm for performing principal component analysis on sparse, super massive matrices (POSSUMM), we resolve compartments to 500 bp. Our results demonstrate that essentially all active promoters and distal enhancers localize in the A compartment, even when flanking sequences do not. Furthermore, we find that the TSS and TTS of paused genes are often segregated into separate compartments. We then identify diffuse interactions that radiate from CTCF loop anchors, which correlate with strong enhancer-promoter interactions and proximal transcription. We also find that these diffuse interactions depend on CTCF’s RNA binding domains. In this work, we demonstrate features of fine-scale chromatin organization consistent with a revised model in which compartments are more precise than commonly thought while CTCF loops are more protracted.
Observationally-constrained projections of an ice-free Arctic even under a low emission scenario
Authors: Kim Yeon-Hee , Min Seung-Ki , Gillett Nathan P. , Notz Dirk , Malinina Elizaveta 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe sixth assessment report of the IPCC assessed that the Arctic is projected to be on average practically ice-free in September near mid-century under intermediate and high greenhouse gas emissions scenarios, though not under low emissions scenarios, based on simulations from the latest generation Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) models. Here we show, using an attribution analysis approach, that a dominant influence of greenhouse gas increases on Arctic sea ice area is detectable in three observational datasets in all months of the year, but is on average underestimated by CMIP6 models. By scaling models’ sea ice response to greenhouse gases to best match the observed trend in an approach validated in an imperfect model test, we project an ice-free Arctic in September under all scenarios considered. These results emphasize the profound impacts of greenhouse gas emissions on the Arctic, and demonstrate the importance of planning for and adapting to a seasonally ice-free Arctic in the near future.
Colitis ameliorates cholestatic liver disease via suppression of bile acid synthesis
Authors: Gui Wenfang , Hole Mikal Jacob , Molinaro Antonio , Edlund Karolina , Jørgensen Kristin K. , Su Huan , Begher-Tibbe Brigitte , Gaßler Nikolaus , Schneider Carolin V. , Muthukumarasamy Uthayakumar , Mohs Antje , Liao Lijun , Jaeger Julius , Mertens Christian J. , Bergheim Ina , Strowig Till , Hengstler Jan G. , Hov Johannes R. , Marschall Hanns-Ulrich , Trautwein Christian , Schneider Kai Markus 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPrimary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease characterized by chronic inflammation and progressive fibrosis of the biliary tree. The majority of PSC patients suffer from concomitant inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which has been suggested to promote disease development and progression. However, the molecular mechanisms by which intestinal inflammation may aggravate cholestatic liver disease remain incompletely understood. Here, we employ an IBD-PSC mouse model to investigate the impact of colitis on bile acid metabolism and cholestatic liver injury. Unexpectedly, intestinal inflammation and barrier impairment improve acute cholestatic liver injury and result in reduced liver fibrosis in a chronic colitis model. This phenotype is independent of colitis-induced alterations of microbial bile acid metabolism but mediated via hepatocellular NF-κB activation by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which suppresses bile acid metabolism in-vitro and in-vivo. This study identifies a colitis-triggered protective circuit suppressing cholestatic liver disease and encourages multi-organ treatment strategies for PSC.
Copper-catalyzed asymmetric C(sp3)-H cyanoalkylation of glycine derivatives and peptides
Authors: Qi Rupeng , Chen Qiao , Liu Liangyu , Ma Zijian , Pan Da , Wang Hongying , Li Zhixuan , Wang Chao , Xu Zhaoqing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlkylnitriles play important roles in many fields because of their unique electronic properties and structural characteristics. Incorporating cyanoalkyl with characteristic spectroscopy and reactivity properties into amino acids and peptides is of special interest for potential imaging and therapeutic purposes. Here, we report a copper-catalyzed asymmetric cyanoalkylation of C(sp3)-H. In the reactions, glycine derivatives can effectively couple with various cycloalkanone oxime esters with high enantioselectivities, and the reaction can be applied to the late-stage modification of peptides with good yields and excellent stereoselectivities, which is useful for modern peptide synthesis and drug discovery. The mechanistic studies show that the in situ formed copper complex by the coordination of glycine derivatives and chiral phosphine Cu catalyst can not only mediate the single electronic reduction of cycloalkanone oxime ester but also control the stereoselectivity of the cyanoalkylation reaction.
Thermally stable threshold selector based on CuAg alloy for energy-efficient memory and neuromorphic computing applications
Authors: Zhou Xi , Zhao Liang , Yan Chu , Zhen Weili , Lin Yinyue , Li Le , Du Guanlin , Lu Linfeng , Zhang Shan-Ting , Lu Zhichao , Li Dongdong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAs a promising candidate for high-density data storage and neuromorphic computing, cross-point memory arrays provide a platform to overcome the von Neumann bottleneck and accelerate neural network computation. In order to suppress the sneak-path current problem that limits their scalability and read accuracy, a two-terminal selector can be integrated at each cross-point to form the one-selector-one-memristor (1S1R) stack. In this work, we demonstrate a CuAg alloy-based, thermally stable and electroforming-free selector device with tunable threshold voltage and over 7 orders of magnitude ON/OFF ratio. A vertically stacked 64 × 64 1S1R cross-point array is further implemented by integrating the selector with SiO2-based memristors. The 1S1R devices exhibit extremely low leakage currents and proper switching characteristics, which are suitable for both storage class memory and synaptic weight storage. Finally, a selector-based leaky integrate-and-fire neuron is designed and experimentally implemented, which expands the application prospect of CuAg alloy selectors from synapses to neurons.
GRT-R910: a self-amplifying mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine boosts immunity for ≥6 months in previously-vaccinated older adults
Authors: Palmer Christine D. , Scallan Ciaran D. , Kraemer Tardif Lauren D. , Kachura Melissa A. , Rappaport Amy R. , Koralek Daniel O. , Uriel Alison , Gitlin Leonid , Klein Joshua , Davis Matthew J. , Venkatraman Harshni , Hart Meghan G. , Jaroslavsky Jason R. , Kounlavouth Sonia , Marrali Martina , Nganje Charmaine N. , Bae Kyounghwa , Yan Tiffany , Leodones Katharyn , Egorova Milana , Hong Sue-Jean , Kuan Jenchun , Grappi Silvia , Garbes Pedro , Jooss Karin , Ustianowski Andrew 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 has resulted in high levels of morbidity and mortality world-wide, and severe complications can occur in older populations. Humoral immunity induced by authorized vaccines wanes within 6 months, and frequent boosts may only offer transient protection. GRT-R910 is an investigational self-amplifying mRNA (samRNA)-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine delivering full-length Spike and selected conserved non-Spike T cell epitopes. This study reports interim analyses for a phase I open-label dose-escalation trial evaluating GRT-R910 in previously vaccinated healthy older adults (NCT05148962). Primary endpoints of safety and tolerability were assessed. Most solicited local and systemic adverse events (AEs) following GRT-R910 dosing were mild to moderate and transient, and no treatment-related serious AEs were observed. The secondary endpoint of immunogenicity was assessed via IgG binding assays, neutralization assays, interferon-gamma ELISpot, and intracellular cytokine staining. Neutralizing antibody titers against ancestral Spike and variants of concern were boosted or induced by GRT-R910 and, contrasting to authorized vaccines, persisted through at least 6 months after the booster dose. GRT-R910 increased and/or broadened functional Spike-specific T cell responses and primed functional T cell responses to conserved non-Spike epitopes. This study is limited due to small sample size, and additional data from ongoing studies will be required to corroborate these interim findings.
Changes in China’s river water quality since 1980: management implications from sustainable development
Authors: Zhang Hanxiao , Cao Xianghui , Huo Shouliang , Ma Chunzi , Li Wenpan , Liu Yong , Tong Yingdong , Wu Fengchang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHuman activities and climate change threaten water quality in China’s rivers. We simulated the monthly concentrations of riverine total nitrogen (TN), ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N), total phosphorus (TP), and chemical oxygen demand (CODMn) in 613 sub-watersheds of the nation’s 10 major river basins during the 1980–2050 period based on a 16-year (2003–2018) monitoring dataset using the stacking machine-learning models. The results showed that water quality improved markedly, except for the TN concentration, which was probably due to the lack of a TN control target and assessment system. Quantitative analysis indicated that anthropogenic factors were the primary controls compared with climatic drivers and geographical drivers for TN, TP, and NH3-N concentrations. On the basis of all 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs) relevant to water quality in China, the water resources, water environment, aquatic ecology and water security should be considered collectively to achieve improvements in the ecological status of China’s rivers.
Circadian desynchronization disrupts physiological rhythms of prefrontal cortex pyramidal neurons in mice
Authors: Roberts Brandon L. , Karatsoreos Ilia N. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDisruption of circadian rhythms, such as shift work and jet lag, are associated with negative physiological and behavioral outcomes, including changes in affective state, learning and memory, and cognitive function. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is heavily involved in all of these processes. Many PFC-associated behaviors are time-of-day dependent, and disruption of daily rhythms negatively impacts these behavioral outputs. Yet how disruption of daily rhythms impacts the fundamental function of PFC neurons, and the mechanism(s) by which this occurs, remains unknown. Using a mouse model, we demonstrate that the activity and action potential dynamics of prelimbic PFC neurons are regulated by time-of-day in a sex specific manner. Further, we show that postsynaptic K+ channels play a central role in physiological rhythms, suggesting an intrinsic gating mechanism mediating physiological activity. Finally, we demonstrate that environmental circadian desynchronization alters the intrinsic functioning of these neurons independent of time-of-day. These key discoveries demonstrate that daily rhythms contribute to the mechanisms underlying the essential physiology of PFC circuits and provide potential mechanisms by which circadian disruption may impact the fundamental properties of neurons.
Neem leaf powder (Azadirachta indica) mitigates oxidative stress and pathological alterations triggered by lead toxicity in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Abu-Elala Nermeen M. , Khattab Marwa S. , AbuBakr Huda O. , Helmy Samah , Hesham Ahmed , Younis Nehal A. , Dawood Mahmoud A. O. , El Basuini Mohammed F. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the clinical and pathological symptoms of waterborne lead toxicity in wild Nile tilapia collected from a lead-contaminated area (the Mariotteya Canal: Pb = 0.6 ± 0.21 mg L−1) and a farmed fish after 2 weeks of experimental exposure to lead acetate (5–10 mg L−1) in addition to evaluating the efficacy of neem leaf powder (NLP) treatment in mitigating symptoms of lead toxicity. A total of 150 fish (20 ± 2 g) were alienated into five groups (30 fish/group with three replicates). G1 was assigned as a negative control without any treatments. Groups (2–5) were exposed to lead acetate for 2 weeks at a concentration of 5 mg L−1 (G2 and G3) or 10 mg L−1 (G4 and G5). During the lead exposure period, all groups were reared under the same conditions, while G3 and G5 were treated with 1 g L−1 NLP. Lead toxicity induced DNA fragmentation and lipid peroxidation and decreased the level of glutathione and expression of heme synthesis enzyme delta aminolaevulinic acid dehydratase (ALA-D) in wild tilapia, G2, and G4. NLP could alleviate the oxidative stress stimulated by lead in G3 and showed an insignificant effect in G5. The pathological findings, including epithelial hyperplasia in the gills, edema in the gills and muscles, degeneration and necrosis in the liver and muscle, and leukocytic infiltration in all organs, were directly correlated with lead concentration. Thus, the aqueous application of NLP at 1 g L−1 reduced oxidative stress and lowered the pathological alterations induced by lead toxicity.
Mechanical properties of additively manufactured zirconia with alumina air abrasion surface treatment
Authors: Yoo Lee-Gang , Pang Nan-Sim , Kim So-Hyun , Jung Bock-Young 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the mechanical properties of zirconia fabricated using additive manufacturing technology and compare them to those of zirconia fabricated using subtractive manufacturing technology. Sixty disc-shaped specimens were fabricated for the additive (n = 30) and subtractive manufacturing groups (n = 30), and each group was divided into two subgroups according to their air-abrasion surface treatment: control (n = 15) and air-abrasion groups (n = 15). Mechanical properties including the flexural strength (FS), Vickers hardness, and surface roughness were determined, and the values were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test (α = 0.05). X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used for phase analysis and surface topography evaluation, respectively. The SMA group exhibited the highest FS (1144.97 ± 168.1 MPa), followed by the SMC (944.58 ± 141.38 MPa), AMA (905.02 ± 111.38 MPa), and AMC groups (763.55 ± 68.69 MPa). The Weibull distribution showed the highest scale value (1213.55 MPa) in the SMA group, with the highest shape value in the AMA group (11.69). A monoclinic peak was not detected in both the AMC and SMC groups, but after air abrasion, the monoclinic phase content ($${\mathrm{X}}_{\mathrm{m}}$$

X
m

) reached 9% in the AMA group, exceeding that in the SMA group (7%). The AM groups exhibited statistically lower FS values than those of the SM groups under the same surface treatment (p < 0.05). Air-abrasion surface treatment increased the monoclinic phase content and FS (p < 0.05) in both the additive and subtractive groups, while it increased the surface roughness (p < 0.05) only in the additive group and did not affect the Vickers hardness in either group. For zirconia manufactured using additive technology, the mechanical properties are comparable to those of zirconia manufactured using subtractive technology.
Comparative mitogenome analyses of twelve non-biting flies and provide insights into the phylogeny of Chironomidae (Diptera: Culicomorpha)
Authors: Fang Xiangliang , Wang Xinhua , Mao Bin , Xiao Yunli , Shen Mi , Fu Yue 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe family Chironomidae is represented by seven subfamilies in China, among which Chironominae and Orthocladiinae are the most diverse. To gain a better understanding of the architecture and evolution of the mitogenomes of Chironomidae, we sequenced mitogenomes of twelve species (including two published species) of the two subfamilies Chironominae and Orthocladiinae, and comparative mitogenomic analyses were performed. Thus, we identified highly conserved genome organization of twelve species with regard to genome content, nucleotide and amino acid composition, codon usage, and gene characteristics. TheKa/Ksvalues of most protein-coding genes were far smaller than 1, indicating that these genes were evolving under purifying selection. Phylogenetic relationships between the family Chironomidae were reconstructed using 23 species representing six subfamilies, based on protein-coding genes and rRNAs using Bayesian Inference and Maximum Likelihood. Our results suggested the following relationship within the Chironomidae: (Podonominae + Tanypodinae) + (Diamesinae + (Prodiamesinae + (Orthocladiinae + Chironominae))). This study contributes to the mitogenomic database of Chironomidae, which will be significant for studing the mitogenome evolution of Chironomidae.