bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of the Corrosion–Oxidation Turning Point at the Field’s Metal/Chromium Interface by Electrical Contact Resistance Measurement
Authors: Micallef A. , Stiewe C. , Müller E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe correlation of the electrical contact resistance measurement and microanalysis of the Field’s metal (FM)/Cr interface was used to determine the temperature-dependent reactions at the interface. Oxidation of Cr by oxygen contained in FM was identified through a sharp increase of the contact resistance around a certain temperature, above which the following resistance decrease was associated to a corrosion process. The corrosion–oxidation turning point was observed around 390 ± 1.7 °C. Cr saturation in FM combined with complete consumption of the oxygen contained in the FM induced a stabilization of the interface giving a specific contact resistance of about 30 µΩ·cm2.
Uphill in Reaction-Diffusion Multi-species Interacting Particles Systems
Authors: Casini Francesco , Giardinà Cristian , Vernia Cecilia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe study reaction-diffusion processes with multi-species particles and hard-core interaction. We add boundary driving to the system by means of external reservoirs which inject and remove particles, thus creating stationary currents. We consider the condition that the time evolution of the average occupation evolves as the discretized version of a system of coupled diffusive equations with linear reactions. In particular, we identify a specific one-parameter family of such linear reaction-diffusion systems where the hydrodynamic limit behaviour can obtained by means of a dual process. We show that partial uphill diffusion is possible for the discrete particle systems on the lattice, whereas it is lost in the hydrodynamic limit.
Improving the understanding of web user behaviors through machine learning analysis of eye-tracking data
Authors: Castilla Diana , Del Tejo Catalá Omar , Pons Patricia , Signol François , Rey Beatriz , Suso-Ribera Carlos , Perez-Cortes Juan-Carlos 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEye-tracking techniques are widely used to analyze user behavior. While eye-trackers collect valuable quantitative data, the results are often described in a qualitative manner due to the lack of a model that interprets the gaze trajectories generated by routine tasks, such as reading or comparing two products. The aim of this work is to propose a new quantitative way to analyze gaze trajectories (scanpaths) using machine learning. We conducted a within-subjects study (N = 30) testing six different tasks that simulated specific user behaviors in web sites (attentional, comparing two images, reading in different contexts, and free surfing). We evaluated the scanpath results with three different classifiers (long short-term memory recurrent neural network—LSTM, random forest, and multilayer perceptron neural network—MLP) to discriminate between tasks. The results revealed that it is possible to classify and distinguish between the 6 different web behaviors proposed in this study based on the user’s scanpath. The classifier that achieved the best results was the LSTM, with a 95.7% accuracy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to provide insight about MLP and LSTM classifiers to discriminate between tasks. In the discussion, we propose practical implications of the study results.
MicroRNA Cargo in Wharton’s Jelly MSC Small Extracellular Vesicles: Key Functionality to In Vitro Prevention and Treatment of Premature White Matter Injury
Authors: Tscherrig Vera , Cottagnoud Sophie , Haesler Valérie , Renz Patricia , Surbek Daniel , Schoeberlein Andreina , Joerger-Messerli Marianne Simone 
Published: July 2023

SummaryPreterm birth is the leading cause of childhood morbidity and mortality and can result in white matter injury (WMI), leading to long-term neurological disabilities with global health burden. Mesenchymal stromal cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (MSC-sEV) are a promising therapeutic agent for treating perinatal neurological injury. They carry microRNAs (miRNAs) predicted to be involved in the onset of premature WMI. We hypothesize that miRNAs have a key function in the beneficial effects of MSC-sEV. We isolated MSC from umbilical cord tissue, the Wharton’s jelly (WJ), and purified small extracellular vesicles (sEV) from WJ-MSC culture supernatant by ultracentrifugation and size exclusion chromatography. The miRNA content was quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction. A luciferase gene assay validated silencing of TP53 and TAOK1, which we previously identified as predicted target genes of MSC-sEV miRNAs by Next Generation Sequencing and pathway enrichment analysis. The impact of sEV miRNAs on oligodendroglial maturation and neuronal apoptosis was evaluated using an in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation model (OGD/R) by knocking-down DROSHA in WJ-MSC, which initiates miRNA processing. WJ-MSC-sEV contained miRNAs involved in WMI, namely hsa-miR-22-3p, hsa-miR-21-5p, hsa-miR-27b-3p, and the hsa-let-7 family. The luciferase assay strongly indicated an inhibitory effect of sEV miRNAs on the gene expression of TP53 and TAOK1. Small EV initiated oligodendrocyte maturation and reduced OGD/R-mediated neuronal apoptosis. Knocking-down DROSHA in WJ-MSC reduced the expression of sEV miRNAs and led to the loss of their beneficial effects. Our in vitro study strongly indicates the key function of miRNAs in the therapeutic potential of WJ-MSC-sEV in premature WMI.
A Novel Weighted Averaging Operator of Linguistic Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy Numbers for Cognitively Inspired Decision-Making
Authors: Qin Yuchu , Qi Qunfen , Shi Peizhi , Scott Paul J. , Jiang Xiangqian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAn aggregation operator of linguistic interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy numbers (LIVIFNs) is an important tool for solving cognitively inspired decision-making problems with LIVIFNs. So far, many aggregation operators of LIVIFNs have been presented. Each of these operators works well in its specific context. But they are not always monotone because their operational rules are not always invariant and persistent. Dempster-Shafer evidence theory, a general framework for modelling epistemic uncertainty, was found to provide the capability for operational rules of fuzzy numbers to overcome these limitations. In this paper, a weighted averaging operator of LIVIFNs based on Dempster-Shafer evidence theory for cognitively inspired decision-making is proposed. Firstly, Dempster-Shafer evidence theory is introduced into linguistic interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy environment and a definition of LIVIFNs under this theory is given. Based on this, four novel operational rules of LIVIFNs are developed and proved to be always invariant and persistent. Using the developed operational rules, a new weighted averaging operator of LIVIFNs is constructed and proved to be always monotone. Based on the constructed operator, a method for solving cognitively inspired decision-making problems with LIVIFNs is presented. The application of the presented method is illustrated via a numerical example. The effectiveness and advantage of the method are demonstrated via quantitative comparisons with several existing methods. For the numerical example, the best alternative determined by the presented method is exactly the same as that determined by other comparison methods. For some specific problems, only the presented method can generate intuitive ranking results. The demonstration results suggest that the presented method is effective in solving cognitively inspired decision-making problems with LIVIFNs. Furthermore, the method will not produce counterintuitive ranking results since its operational rules are always invariant and persistent and its aggregation operator is always monotone.
Notbetreuung zur Abwendung einer möglichen Kindeswohlgefährdung
Authors: Sperger Sylvia , Witte Susanne 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungHintergrund: Mit Beginn der Kontaktbeschränkungen und Schließung sämtlicher Kinderbetreuungseinrichtungen im März 2020 kamen Bedenken auf, ob die Maßnahmen zur Eindämmung der Pandemie in Bezug auf Kinder gerechtfertigt sind. Durch die eingeschränkte Betreuung stellte sich die Frage, ob Fälle von Kindeswohlgefährdung möglicherweise übersehen wurden und die Notbetreuung in ihrer Ausgestaltung zur Abwendung einer Kindeswohlgefährdung beitragen konnte.Studiendesign: Es wurden Telefoninterviews mit Leitungskräften des Allgemeinen Sozialen Dienstes (ASD) aus 40 Jugendämtern in Deutschland zu zwei Erhebungszeitpunkten durchgeführt. Im Rahmen der Ausgestaltung und Zusammenarbeit mit Einrichtungen der Notbetreuung werden im vorliegenden Beitrag Herausforderungen und Veränderungen herausgearbeitet.Ergebnisse: Es zeigt sich, dass bereits in den ersten Wochen der Pandemie Notbetreuungsplätze für Kinder aus belasteten Familien zur Verfügung gestellt werden konnten. Herausforderungen zu Beginn waren, dass ausschließlich für Eltern in systemrelevanten Berufen Notbetreuungsplätze vorbehalten wurden, diese aber auch für Eltern aus nichtsystemrelevanten Berufen oder berufstätige Eltern nötig gewesen wären, die durch die fehlende Kinderbetreuung an ihre Belastungsgrenzen gerieten. Auch die mit der erweiterten Notbetreuung fortbestehenden begrenzten Kapazitäten aufgrund von Infektionsschutzmaßnahmen der Einrichtungen stellten die Fachkräfte vor die Aufgabe einer sorgfältigen Prüfung jener Fallkonstellationen, für die ein Notbetreuungsplatz bereitgestellt werden konnte, um den Kinderschutz weiterhin gewährleisten zu können.Diskussion: Fachkräfte konnten vor allem für Kinder in kritischen Lebenslagen und ungünstigen Entwicklungsbedingungen einen Notbetreuungsplatz zur Verfügung stellen, was zum Schutz der Kinder vor einer Kindeswohlgefährdung beitrug. Dennoch kamen Befürchtungen vor einer weiteren Infektionswelle auf, da sich die Situation negativ auf die Familien auswirken könnte. Insgesamt ist festzuhalten, dass es im Rahmen der Pandemie, zu einer veränderten Bedeutungszuschreibung von Kindertageseinrichtungen und Schulen kam.
Are phonological skills as crucial for literacy acquisition in Japanese as in English as well as in accounting for developmental dyslexia in English and in Japanese?
Authors: Wydell Taeko N. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractExtensive research has shown that phonological awareness including phoneme awareness skills are vital when children acquire literacy skills in alphabetic languages especially in English. Furthermore, research on developmental dyslexia (DD) especially in English has been conducted with research-informed/well-established definitions of DD. This is because compared to other languages, the prevalence of DD in English is high, and thus children with DD form a large minority group. These dyslexia research encompasses cognitive-behavioural, neuroimaging, behavioural and molecular-genetic studies. There seems to be a consensus amongst these researchers that DD manifests itself as a phonological deficit, and thus the phonological deficit hypothesis (as well as naming disfluency) for DD has become prominent in the alphabetic languages, especially in English. This is because print-to-sound or sound-to-print mappings in English are not always one-to-one and thus opaque/inconsistent. Now important questions arise in discussing how children acquire reading skills in non-alphabetic languages especially in Japanese where logographic Kanji and 2-forms of syllabic Kana are used: (i) are phonological awareness skills vital when children learn to read in Japanese? (ii) can the phonological deficit hypothesis explain DD in Japanese? These questions will be addressed in this paper by comparing the behavioural and some neuroimaging studies in alphabetic languages and Japanese Kanji and Kana as well as Chinese, another non-alphabetic languag. It seems that phonological awareness may not be as important for non-alphabetic languages such as Chinese or Japanese at the start of literacy acquisition. Phonological awareness become important skills in Chinese and Japanese only when children are older. Instead of phonological awareness other metalinguistic awareness skills are important for acquisition of reading in Chinese and Japanese such as orthographic or morphological awareness (Chinese), vocabulary size (Japanese), visuo-spatial processing (Chinese and Japanese) and visual-motor integration (Chinese and Japanese) skills. Also available neuroimaging studies will be used to uncover the behavioural dissociation and the neural unity in an English-Japanese bilingual adolescent boy with monolingual dyslexia in English.
Multiclass Supervised Machine Learning Algorithms Applied to Damage and Assessment Using Beam Dynamic Response
Authors: de Sousa Amanda Aryda Silva Rodrigues , da Silva Coelho Jefferson , Machado Marcela Rodrigues , Dutkiewicz Maciej 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Structural damage can significantly alter a system's local flexibility, leading to undesirable displacements and vibrations. Analysing the dynamic structure feature through statistical analysis enables us to discriminate the current structural condition and predict its short- or long-term lifespan. By directly affecting the system's vibration, cracks and discontinuities can be detected, and their severity quantified using the DI. Two damage indexes (DI) are used to build a dataset from the beam's natural frequency and frequency response function (FRF) under both undamaged and damaged conditions, and numerical and experimental tests provided the data-driven.

Methods
In this paper, we present the methodology based on machine learning (ML) to monitor the structural integrity of a beam-like structure. The performance of six ML algorithms, including k-nearest neighbors (kNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), and Naive Bayes (NB) are investigated.

Results
The paper discusses the challenges of implementing each technique and assesses their performance in accurately classifying the dataset and indicating the beam's integrity.

Conclusion
The structural monitoring performed with the ML algorithm achieved excellent metrics when inputting the simulation-generated dataset, up to 100%, and up to 95% having as input dataset provided from experimental tests. Demonstrating that the ML algorithm could correctly classify the health condition of the structure.
Fertilizer management strategies for improved quality and yield in winter wheat
Authors: Azimnejad Abbas , Fallah Amoli Hormoz , Niknejad Yousef , Ahmadpour Ahmad , Barari Tari Davood 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn order to study the effect of different soil amended and biological fertilizers on the accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorous in the wheat grain and some physiological and morphological characteristics of wheat, this experiment was performed as a split factorial arranged in randomized block design with 32 treatment and three replication for 2 years. The treatments included mycorrhiza inoculation as a main factor (without inoculation, bacterial inoculation with Glomus. mosseae, Glomus.intraradices and G. mosseae + G. intraradices), and sub factor was super absorbent polymer treatment (no application, 9 ton zeolite ha−1, 3 kg stacosorb ha−1 and 9 ton zeolite ha−1 + 3 kg stacosorb ha−1) and phosphorous in the form of nano chelated phosphorous (no application and application 200 mg L−1). The use of G. mosseae + G. intraradices had a positive and significant effect on the biological and grain yield so that it caused an increase of 5.9% and 6.4%, respectively compared to the control. The results showed that zeolite + stacosorb resulted the most to grain yield (6903 kg ha−1). The highest and lowest grain nitrogen content were related to the treatment of G. mosseae + G. intraradices inoculation and nano phosphorous, with 1.75% and 1.76%, respectively. Indeed, the results showed that the use of biological fertilizer and nano phosphorous together had better results than solo application, which could be helpful in attaining high grain yields while preventing excessive phosphorous chemical fertilization, reduce environmental pollution and moving towards sustainable agriculture.
Exergetic optimization of some design parameters of the hybrid photovoltaic/thermal collector with bi-fluid air/ternary nanofluid (CuO/MgO/TiO2)
Authors: Kenfack Armel Zambou , Nematchoua Modeste Kameni , Simo Elie , Mfoundikou Mouhamed Nazir , Fosso Jean Vanel Kenfack , Babikir Mahamat Hassane , Chara-Dackou Venant Sorel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHybrid PV/T (Photovoltaic/thermal) systems are a robust alternative to the limitations of PV panels and thermal collectors in energy production. Improving their performance is therefore necessary. This article presents a new configuration of hybrid photovoltaic and thermal (PV/T) air/water-CuO/MgO/TiO2 collector which is optimized by seeking a better combination of design parameters which maximize the exergy performance. An energy and exergy analysis of the system is carried out and a multi-objective optimization with the genetic algorithm is developed using Matlab. These to determine the values of these nine (9) design parameters such as collector tilt angle, collector area, center to center distance between tubes, inside and outside diameter of tubes and thicknesses of the cells, of the glass layer, of the insulation, of the absorber. The other parameters are taken constant and a set of optimal solutions are sought for 1000 generations. The comparison of the different numerical results from this article with the design parameters from previous work shows good agreement. It is observed that the total exergy efficiency is maximum between the values of 23.41–36.6% and the majority of the design parameters studied in general are minimum. The discussions deduced that the minimization of the components of the bi-fluid PV/T hybrid collector could reduce the losses inside the latter by favoring the cooling as well as the displacement of the heat at the back of the PV cell. This work shows that the mixture of water and ternary nanoparticles with a flow rate of 0.00575 kg/s cooled more than air at 0.008 kg/s, but the system performed better when the two fluids operated simultaneously at 0.0035 kg/s. Due to the requirement of optimal efficiency and minimum costs, the hybridization of nanoparticles presents better thermo-economic performances.
Assessment of Dose-Reduction Strategies in Wavelength-Selective Neutron Tomography
Authors: Daugherty M. Cyrus , DiStefano Victoria H. , LaManna Jacob M. , Jacobson David L. , Kienzle Paul A. , Kim Youngju , Hussey Daniel S. , Bajcsy Peter 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study aims to determine an acquisitional and computational workflow that yields the highest quality spatio-spectral reconstructions in four-dimensional neutron tomography studies. The properties of neutrons enable unique image contrast modes, but accessing these modes requires defining the energy of the neutron beam, resulting in long acquisition times. We seek sparse angular tomography approaches to collect of order 100 tomograms at different neutron wavelengths using the minimum number of input projection images. In these computational image workflows, we identified and evaluated the main factors affecting the quality of the tomographic reconstruction such as the projection number, the reconstruction method, and the post-processing method and we report relationships between 3D reconstruction quality metrics and acquisition time. Based on these relationships, the performance of seeded simultaneous iterative reconstruction-based techniques (SIRT and SIRT with total variation regularization) yielded improved image quality and more accurate estimates of the reconstructed attenuation values compared to other methods, which included convolutional neural networks. The methods were then applied to a dose-reduced monochromatic dataset and characterized via signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and single-voxel resolution.
The $$W\ell \nu$$-vertex corrections to W-boson mass in the R-parity violating MSSM
Authors: Zheng Min-Di , Chen Feng-Zhi , Zhang Hong-Hao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractInspired by the astonishing $$7\sigma$$

7
σ

discrepancy between the recent CDF-II measurement and the standard model prediction on the mass of W-boson, we investigate the $$\lambda '$$

λ
′

-corrections to the vertex of $$\mu \rightarrow \nu _\mu e\bar{\nu _e}$$

μ
→

ν
μ

e

ν
e

¯

decay in the context of the R-parity violating minimal supersymmetric standard model. These corrections can raise the W-boson mass independently. Combined with recent Z-pole and kaon decay measurements, $$m_W \lesssim 80.37$$

m
W

≲
80.37

GeV can be reached. We find that these vertex corrections cannot explain the CDF result entirely at the $$2\sigma$$

2
σ

and even $$3\sigma$$

3
σ

levels. However, these corrections together with the oblique contributions can be accordant with the CDF-II result and relevant bounds at the $$3\sigma$$

3
σ

level.
Investigation of the structural, electrical and magnetic properties of vanadium substituted Mn–Zn ferrites
Authors: Jyoti Atanu Sarker , Biswas G. G. , Rana Md. Rasel , Islam Shariful , Hossain Md. Emran , Khan M. N. I. , Hoque K. , Ali Md. Ashraf 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis work revealed the role of altering vanadium (V) content in Mn–Zn ferrites. We used the traditional solid-state reaction method to prepare the $${\mathrm{Mn}}_{0.5}{\mathrm{Zn}}_{0.5}{\mathrm{V}}_{\mathrm{x}}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{2-\mathrm{x}}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$$

Mn

0.5

Zn

0.5

V
x

Fe

2
-
x

O
4

(x = 0.0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20) ferrites. Powder X-ray diffraction was used to analyze the samples’ crystal structures, revealing the prepared sample’s spinal cubic crystal structure. With increasing Vanadium concentration, the lattice constant drops proportionately. We used Debye–Scherrer (D–S), Williamson–Hall (W–H) Plot, Halder–Wagner (H–W) Langford, and Size Strain Plot (SSP) methods to compare different structural properties. We also used the impedance analyzer to investigate the samples’ dielectric characteristics and AC conductivity at room temperature over a frequency range of 1 kHz–100 MHz. The magnetic properties, i.e., Saturation magnetization (Ms), Coercive field (Hc), and Remanent magnetization (Mr), were estimated from the ferromagnetic hysteresis behavior of the samples measured using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The saturation magnetization was observed to decrease with an increase in V content. The Mr and HC vary non-linearly with V contents. The prepared samples’ initial permeability was tested, and a reasonably constant complex permeability (µ') was recorded over a wide frequency range (~ 1000 Hz).
Autistic Regression and Exposure to Industrial Chemicals: Preliminary Observations
Authors: Goez Helly , Nielsen Charlene C. , Bryan Sean , Clark Brenda , Zwaigenbaum Lonnie , Yamamoto Shelby S. , Osornio-Vargas Alvaro R. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT:Exposure to industrial pollutants is a potential risk factor not fully explored in ASD with regression (ASD+R). We studied geographical collocation patterns of industrial air chemical emissions and the location of homes of children with ASD+R at different exposure times, compared with ASD cases without regression (ASD−R). Fifteen of 111 emitted chemicals collocated with ASD+R, and 65 with ASD−R. ASD+R collocated more strongly with different neurotoxicants/immunotoxicants a year before diagnosis, whereas ASD−R were moderately collocated with chemicals across all exposure periods. This preliminary exploratory analysis of differences in exposure patterns raises a question regarding potential pathophysiological differences between the conditions.