bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Curriculum for bariatric endoscopy and endoscopic treatment of the complications of bariatric surgery: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Position Statement
Authors: Boškoski Ivo , Pontecorvi Valerio , Ibrahim Mostafa , Huberty Vincent , Maselli Roberta , Gölder Stefan K. , Kral Jan , Samanta Jayanta , Patai Árpád V. , Haidry Rehan , Hollenbach Marcus , Pérez-Cuadrado-Robles Enrique , Silva Marco , Messmann Helmut , Tham Tony C. , Bisschops Raf 
Published: January 2023

Main recommendationsObesity is a chronic, relapsing, degenerative, multifactorial disease that is associated with many co-morbidities. The global increasing burden of obesity has led to calls for an urgent need for additional treatment options. Given the rapid expansion of bariatric endoscopy and bariatric surgery across Europe, the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) has recognized the need to formalize and enhance training in bariatric endoscopy and the endoscopic treatment of bariatric surgical adverse events. This manuscript represents the outcome of a formal Delphi process resulting in an official Position Statement of the ESGE and provides a framework to develop and maintain skills in bariatric endoscopy and the endoscopic treatment of bariatric surgical adverse events. This curriculum is set out in terms of the prerequisites prior to training, minimum number of procedures, the steps for training and quality of training, and how competence should be defined and evidenced before independent practice.
1 ESGE recommends that every endoscopist should have achieved competence in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy before commencing training in bariatric endoscopy and the endoscopic treatment of bariatric surgical adverse events.
2 Trainees in bariatric endoscopy and the endoscopic treatment of the complications of bariatric surgery should have basic knowledge of the definition, classification, and social impact of obesity, its pathophysiology, and its related co-morbidities. The recognition and management of gastrointestinal diseases that are more common in patients with obesity, along with participation in multidisciplinary teams where obese patients are evaluated, are mandatory.
3 ESGE recommends that competency in bariatric endoscopy and the endoscopic treatment of the complications of bariatric surgery can be learned by attending validated training courses on simulators initially, structured training courses, and then hands-on training in tertiary referral centers.
Template for Diced Cartilage with Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF) in Rhinoplasty: An Easy Solution for Millimetric Camouflage of the Full Dorsal Esthetic Unit
Authors: Beaudoin Pier-Luc , Carles Guillaume 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDorsal irregularities are one of the most common issues in modern rhinoplasty. Rhinoplasty surgeons propose placing interface grafts lining the hole dorsum to ensure a natural unoperated look. Diced cartilage embedded in Choukroun's platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) scaffold being one of the most recent innovations in the field. However, no method has been described to help with the creation of thin, malleable, and reproductive graft with millimetric precision using that technique. The senior author details his protocol and his experience with a newly developed template for the creation of reproductive grafts with standard size and thickness, using diced cartilage, injectable PRF (iPRF), and advanced PRF (aPRF), for full dorsal camouflage and lining in rhinoplasty. This retrospective case series was conducted to evaluate the results looking at the dorsal esthetic unit at a minimum of 6 months for patients who beneficiated from a millimetric dorsal augmentation from 1 to 2mm using diced cartilage with iPRF and aPRF. The author reports his experience with 54 cases operated from April 2018 to May 2022 using his newly developed template.The template is an innovative technique to allow faster and more reliable fabrication of soft grafts using diced cartilage with both iPRF and aPRF. This novel approach allows for millimetric dorsal augmentation from 1 to 2mm with great precision and high reproductivity with good esthetic outcome.
Regioselective Pd-Catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura Borylation Reaction for the Dimerization Product of 6-Bromoimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxylate: Mechanistic Pathway, Cytotoxic and Tubercular Studies
Authors: Sanghavi Kartik N. , Kapadiya Khushal M. , Sriram Dharmarajan , Kumari Jyothi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn the pharmaceutical industry, boronic acid and esters play an important role in API-based synthesis. The most efficient way of preparing various active agents is palladium-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura borylation reactions. Herein, we report the formation of dimerization product [6,6′-biimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine]-2,2′-dicarboxamide derivatives 7a–j from 6-bromoimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxylate by employing the same conditions. A regioselective borylation of ethyl 6-bromoimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxylate (3) was examined for the formation of ethyl 6-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxylate (4a) but it was found to be directed towards the dimerization product 5. The nitrogen-rich system was incorporated into potential anti-cancer and anti-TB agents through acid amine coupling reactions between acid 6 and various amines (dialkyl/cyclic sec./tert.) to form the final adducts 7. Five derived scaffolds were identified as moderately active in TB activity against the H37Rv strain, while two compounds were found to be particularly potent in NCI-60 anti-cancer screening in nine cancer panels.
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
Authors: Cheng Yao-Wen , Fischer Monika 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is the process of transplanting stool from a healthy donor into the gut of a patient for therapeutic purposes. Current guidelines recommend FMT for the prevention of multiply recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) after two recurrences, with cure rates approaching 90%. Emerging evidence also supports the use of FMT in the management of severe and fulminant CDI, resulting in decreased mortality and colectomy rates compared with standard of care approach. FMT shows promise as salvage therapy for critically-ill, refractory CDI patients who are poor surgical candidates. FMT should be considered early in the clinical course of severe CDI, preferably within 48 hours of failing to respond to antibiotic therapy and volume resuscitation. Besides CDI, ulcerative colitis was more recently identified as a potential treatment target for FMT. Several live biotherapeutics for microbiome restoration are on the horizon.
Force Transfer through the Scaphotrapeziotrapezoid (STT) Joint
Authors: Parody Nicholas , Huang Shengnan , Petchprapa Catherine , Wollstein Ronit 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background The scaphotrapeziotrapezoidal (STT) joint transfers forces to the proximal carpal row from the thumb and fingers. Clinically, STT joint osteoarthritis is frequently observed on plain radiographs though its role in the mechanics of the wrist joint remains unclear.
Questions/Purposes Our purpose was to use a model of normal wrist types, to predict STT motion upon load.
Patients and Methods Five normal computed tomography scans of a wrist type 1 and five wrist type 2 were used to model the wrist. A 200-N force was split and applied to the trapezoid and capitate to replicate forces during a knuckle pushup. The bony movement was predicted by the model as bony movement using finite element analysis.
Results We found differences in force transfer through the STT joint between the two wrist types when loading the index and middle fingers. Type 1 wrists moved quantitatively more anterior-posterior, type 2 wrists moved more medially-laterally and more proximally-distally. The trapezium in type 1 wrists moved more in the coronal plane than in type 2 wrists. The trapezoid moved more from distal to proximal in a type 2 wrist, p = 0.03.
Conclusion/Clinical Relevance This study found differences in motion upon loading through the STT joint between type 1 and 2 wrists. Type 2 wrists moved more radially toward the proximal scaphoid and scapholunate ligament. This study may provide a mechanical basis for degenerative configurations. By linking observed patterns of degeneration to their mechanical causes we can aid in prevention of arthritis.
Revealing the Relational Mechanisms of Research for Development Through Social Network Analysis
Authors: Apgar Marina , Fournie Guillaume , Haesler Barbara , Higdon Grace Lyn , Kenny Leah , Oppel Annalena , Pauls Evelyn , Smith Matthew , Snijder Mieke , Vink Daan , Hossain Mazeda 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAchieving impact through research for development programmes (R4D) requires engagement with diverse stakeholders across the research, development and policy divides. Understanding how such programmes support the emergence of outcomes, therefore, requires a focus on the relational aspects of engagement and collaboration. Increasingly, evaluation of large research collaborations is employing social network analysis (SNA), making use of its relational view of causation. In this paper, we use three applications of SNA within similar large R4D programmes, through our work within evaluation of three Interidsiplinary Hubs of the Global Challenges Research Fund, to explore its potential as an evaluation method. Our comparative analysis shows that SNA can uncover the structural dimensions of interactions within R4D programmes and enable learning about how networks evolve through time. We reflect on common challenges across the cases including navigating different forms of bias that result from incomplete network data, multiple interpretations across scales, and the challenges of making causal inference and related ethical dilemmas. We conclude with lessons on the methodological and operational dimensions of using SNA within monitoring, evaluation and learning (MEL) systems that aim to support both learning and accountability.
With pulling ties, electoral participation flies: factors mobilising turnout among non-resident Finnish voters
Authors: Peltoniemi Johanna , Nemčok Miroslav , Wass Hanna 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIncreasingly many citizens residing abroad maintain connections to their country of origin and follow its national elections. Considering that this group constitutes a growing share of the national electorate, it is essential to better understand factors that motivate electoral participation. In this study, we explore the role of economic, social and cultural ties in a unified analysis of turnout among Finnish citizens residing abroad. We rely on individual-level register data that cover the entire Finnish expatriate electorate (n = 96,290) and match their personal background characteristics (e.g. property ownership, length of stay abroad, language) with official turnout from the 2019 Finnish parliamentary elections on the bases of personal identification codes. In line with the theoretical expectations, the results provide strong empirical evidence that non-resident citizens who maintain connections to the country of origin are more likely to vote in homeland elections.
Mutual independence of water and n-nonane nucleation at low temperatures
Authors: Feusi Stefan , Krohn Jan , Li Chenxi , Signorell Ruth 
Published: January 2023

The interaction of water with different substances in the earth’s atmosphere lies at the heart of many processes that influence our climate. However, it is still unclear how different species interact with water on the molecular level and in which ways this interaction contributes to the water vapor phase transition. Here, we report the first measurements of water–nonane binary nucleation in the 50–110 K temperature range, along with unary nucleation data of both. The time-dependent cluster size distribution in a uniform post-nozzle flow was measured by time-of-flight mass spectrometry coupled with single-photon ionization. From these data, we extract experimental rates and rate constants for both nucleation and cluster growth. The observed mass spectra of water/nonane clusters are not or only slightly affected by the introduction of the other vapor, and the formation of mixed clusters was not observed during nucleation of the mixed vapor. Additionally, the nucleation rate of either substance is not much affected by the presence (or absence) of the other species, i.e., the nucleation of water and nonane proceeds independently, indicating that hetero-molecular clusters do not play a role during nucleation. Only at the lowest temperature of our experiment (i.e., 51 K) do the measurements suggest that interspecies interaction slows water cluster growth. The findings here are in contrast to our earlier work in which we showed that vapor components in other mixtures, e.g., CO2 and toluene/H2O, can interact to promote nucleation and cluster growth in a similar temperature range.
Optimized radius of curvature tuning for the virgo core optics
Authors: Nardecchia I , Minenkov Y , Lorenzini M , Aiello L , Cesarini E , Lumaca D , Malvezzi V , Paoletti F , Rocchi A , Fafone V 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The advanced gravitational wave interferometers are reaching unprecedented levels of strain sensitivity, that is, of accessible volume of Universe, in search for the most elusive cosmic sources. In this effort, the optical design of these detectors places increasingly stringent requirements on the components. Thermal effects, related to the fraction of laser beam power absorbed in the optics, and deviation of components from specifications, intrinsic to the state of art of the production processes, need to be addressed to recover the ideal operation of the detector. Ring heaters (RHs) are thermally coupled actuators conceived to precisely tune the radius of curvature (RoC) of the highly reflective surface of mirrors. The actuator concept has been improved and properly rescaled to design dedicated heaters for different mirrors of the Advanced Virgo detector (namely test masses, power and signal recycling mirrors, filter cavity mirrors). This paper describes the design features and performances of the RHs installed around the test masses of Advanced Virgo, highlighting the improvements of this design with respect to previous actuators. In this case, the dynamic actuation range reaches 100 m over a static RoC value of 1500 m, with the deformation largely dominated by the spherical component. The obtained actuation gain is

d

R
o
C

d

P

= − 0.93 m W−1, with a typical settling time of about 6 h.
A sheathless high precise particle separation chip integrated contraction–expansion channel and deterministic lateral displacement
Authors: Li Xiaohong , Duan Junping , Wang Jiayun , Qu Zeng , Zhang BinZhen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Cell sorting plays an important role in medical and biological research. This study aimed to propose a novel approach combining a contraction–expansion array (CEA) channel and a deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) array to achieve high-throughput and high-precision particle separation of different sizes. The CEA channel could realize the focusing and preliminary sorting of particles with different sizes under the joint action of inertia force and Dean resistance. The separation purity and efficiency could be further improved by coupling triangular microcolumn DLD. The finite element simulation analysis was carried out using commercial software COMSOL Multiphysics 5.4. The flow field distribution and the particle movement trajectory under the CEA channel and DLD array were simulated, respectively. The simulation results showed that this structure could achieve high-throughput and high-precision particle separation of different sizes. Finally, the separation experiments showed that the separation efficiency of 5 µm polystyrene microspheres as the target particles was more than 99%, and the separation purity was 96.1% under a high flow velocity. The microfluidic chip had the advantages of low cost, simple preparation process, and label-free, sheathless characteristics, thus realizing high-efficiency, high-throughput particle separation of different sizes. In general, the proposed approach provided a new pathway for sheathless particle separation with high precision and high throughput.
Efficient removal of condensate droplets from the surface with microgroove composite structures
Authors: Wan Yanling , Sun Kelei , Xu Jinkai , Yu Huadong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Due to the increasing scarcity of global water resources, water collection based on structural functional materials has become one of most potential ways to relieve the crisis. However, water collection functional surface with the high efficiency still encounters a bottleneck. In this paper, we constructed a rough surface with micro groove and nano grass composite structures on the copper substrate, and studied the influence of micro groove spacing on the falling radius of condensate droplets. The results show that the micro groove structure increases the nucleation of droplets, and the nano needle accelerates the removal of condensate droplets. The composite structure reduces the droplet shedding diameter, and the droplet nucleation first occurs at the edge of the micro groove. Therefore, reducing the tank spacing is conducive to the condensation and removal of droplets. In addition, the water collection experiment shows that the surface with micro/nano composite structures has higher collection efficiency than the smooth surface. These findings are useful for designing condensate collection systems with high performance.
Contrasting the characteristics of atmospheric pressure plasma jets operated with single and double dielectric material: physicochemical characteristics and application to bacterial killing
Authors: Ghimire Bhagirath , Briggs Elanie F , Sysoeva Tatyana A , Mayo John A , Xu Kunning G 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study reports an experimental comparison of two types of atmospheric pressure plasma jets in terms of their fundamental plasma characteristics and efficacy in bacterial sterilization. The plasma jets are fabricated by inserting a high voltage electrode inside a one-end closed (double DBD plasma jet) or both ends open (single DBD plasma jet) quartz tubes which are further enclosed inside a second quartz tube containing a ground electrode. Both plasma jets are operated in contact with water surface by using a unipolar pulsed DC power supply with helium as the working gas. Results from electrical and time-resolved imaging show that the single DBD configuration induces 3–4 times higher accumulation of charges onto the water surface with significantly faster propagation of plasma bullets. These results are accompanied by the higher discharge intensity as well as stronger emissions from short-lived reactive species which were analyzed through optical emission spectroscopy at the plasma-water interface. The rotational temperature for the single DBD configuration was observed to be higher making it unsafe for direct treatments of sensitive biological targets. These characteristics of the single DBD configuration result in the production of more than two times higher concentration of H2O2 in plasma activated water. Shielding of the HV electrode reduces the plasma potential which in turn reduces the electric field & electron energy at the plasma-water interface. The reduced electric field for the double DBD configuration was lower by ≈463 Td than the single DBD configuration. The bactericidal efficacy of the two configurations of the plasma jets were tested against Escherichia coli, a well studied Gram-negative bacterium that can be commensal and pathogenic in human body. Our results demonstrate that although single DBD plasma jet result in stronger antibacterial effects, the double DBD configuration could be safer.
A recursive multi-head graph attention residual network for high-speed train wheelset bearing fault diagnosis
Authors: Yuan Zonghao , Li Xin , Liu Suyan , Ma Zengqiang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Wheelset bearings are a core component of high-speed trains, and their fault diagnosis is the key to smooth operation. Deep learning is widely used in fault diagnosis due to its powerful classification ability. To explicitly fit the features of vibration signals and further explore the relationship between the signals, the graph attention network (GAT) is becoming a focus of research. Unlike traditional graph neural networks, GATs can focus on edges with stronger correlations with vertices, making the model more powerful when fitting graph samples in non-Euclidean space. However, existing GATs have two limitations. Firstly, most graph construction methods do not consider the characteristics of vibration signals, so the graph interpretation is not good. Secondly, the existing methods of graph attention coefficient cannot effectively reflect the importance of edges. To address these issues, a recursive multi-head graph attention residual network (RMHGARN) is proposed. In RMHGARN, vibration signals are transformed into recurrence graphs due to the recursive nature of nonlinear time series. A multi-kernel Gaussian symmetric graph attention mechanism is proposed to obtain the Hilbert spatial distribution between neighboring vertices. In addition, a graph encoding module is proposed to improve the feature representation of input samples. The effectiveness and superiority of RMHGARN under strong noise samples are verified using three wheelset bearing datasets.
Improving diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound texture features in detecting and quantifying hepatic steatosis using various beamforming sound speeds
Authors: Nam Kibo , Torkzaban Mehnoosh , Halegoua-DeMarzio Dina , Wessner Corinne E , Lyshchik Andrej 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective. While ultrasound image texture has been utilized to detect and quantify hepatic steatosis, the texture features extracted using a single (conventionally 1540 m s−1) beamforming speed of sound (SoS) failed to achieve reliable diagnostic performance. This study aimed to investigate if the texture features extracted using various beamforming SoSs can improve the accuracy of hepatic steatosis detection and quantification. Approach. Patients with suspected non-alcoholic fatty liver disease underwent liver biopsy or MRI proton density fat fraction (PDFF) as part of standard of care, were prospectively enrolled. The radio-frequency data from subjects’ right and left liver lobes were collected using 6 beamforming SoSs: 1300, 1350, 1400, 1450, 1500 and 1540 m s−1 and analyzed offline. The texture features, i.e. Contrast, Correlation, Energy and Homogeneity from gray-level co-occurrence matrix of normalized envelope were obtained from a region of interest in the liver parenchyma. Main results. Forty-three subjects (67.2%) were diagnosed with steatosis while 21 had no steatosis. Homogeneity showed the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.75–0.82 and 0.58–0.81 for left and right lobes, respectively with varying beamforming SoSs. The combined Homogeneity value over 1300–1540 m s−1 from left and right lobes showed the AUC of 0.90 and 0.81, respectively. Furthermore, the combined Homogeneity values from left and right lobes over 1300–1540 m s−1 improved the AUC to 0.94. The correlation between texture features and steatosis severity was improved by using the images from various beamforming SoSs. The combined Contrast values over 1300–1540 m s−1 from left and right lobes demonstrated the highest correlation (r = 0.90) with the MRI PDFF while the combined Homogeneity values over 1300–1540 m s−1 from left and right lobes showed the highest correlation with the biopsy grades (r = −0.81). Significance. The diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound texture features in detecting and quantifying hepatic steatosis was improved by combining its values extracted using various beamforming SoSs.