bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cuttlefish‐Inspired Self‐Adaptive Liquid Metal Network Enabling Electromagnetic Interference Shielding and Thermal Management
Authors: Xing Wenkui , Xu Yue , Chen Shen , Lei Zhihui , Zhang Yingyue , Tao Peng , Shang Wen , Fu Benwei , Song Chengyi , Deng Tao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWith the refinement and miniaturization of integrated electronic devices, the requirements for stable operating temperature and antielectromagnetic interference are increasingly high. However, most of the current materials necessitate to develop the intelligent self‐adaptive regulation in response to external field stimuli to gratify the stipulations of different operating environments. Herein, cuttlefish‐inspired smart liquid metal based‐liquid crystal elastomer (LGN‐LCE) dual‐functional material enabling self‐adaptive electromagnetic wave interference shielding and thermal management is presented. Liquid crystal elastomer matrix endows the LGN‐LCE dynamic self‐morphing properties under thermal activation, which leads to the liquid metal network with tunable thermal/electrical conduction. The thermal conductivity of LGN‐LCE can be increased to 10.3 W m−1 K−1 with the rise of surrounding temperature, while the electrical conductivity of LGN‐LCE can be enhanced to 4.3 × 105 S m−1. Such promoted electrical conductivity helps strengthen electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance of LGN‐LCE, and the minimum EMI shielding effectiveness of LGN‐LCE can be improved from 48 to 62 dB within the X‐band. This work may not only pave a new way to rationally design a self‐adaptive EMI shielding and thermal management systems, but also show good prospects for practical applications, including thermal management materials, EMI materials, flexible electronic materials, smart materials, artificial intelligence systems, biomedical, and aerospace applications.
Synergistic Photoredox and Iron(II) Catalyzed Carbophosphorothiolation of Vinyl Arenes
Authors: Kumar Ghosh Asim , Neogi Sukanya , Ghosh Payel , Hajra Alakananda 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA three‐component vicinal carbophosphorothiolation of vinyl arenes by the cooperation of visible light and iron(II) catalysis has been established for the synthesis of S‐alkyl phosphorothioates. Noteworthy, the late‐stage functionalization of biologically active compounds has been performed using this procedure. The preliminary mechanistic study reveals that the catalytic cycle is accomplished by single‐electron transfer (SET).
Deleterious Mechanical Deformation Selects Mechanoresilient Cancer Cells with Enhanced Proliferation and Chemoresistance
Authors: Jiang Kuan , Lim Su Bin , Xiao Jingwei , Jokhun Doorgesh Sharma , Shang Menglin , Song Xiao , Zhang Pan , Liang Lanfeng , Low Boon Chuan , Shivashankar G.V. , Lim Chwee Teck 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCancer cells in secondary tumors are found to form metastases more efficiently as compared to their primary tumor counterparts. This is partially due to the unfavorable microenvironments encountered by metastasizing cancer cells that result in the survival of a more metastatic phenotype from the original population. However, the role of deleterious mechanical stresses in this change of metastatic potential is unclear. Here, by forcing cancer cells to flow through small capillary‐sized constrictions, it is demonstrated that mechanical deformation can select a tumor cell subpopulation that exhibits resilience to mechanical squeezing‐induced cell death. Transcriptomic profiling reveals up‐regulated proliferation and DNA damage response pathways in this subpopulation, which are further translated into a more proliferative and chemotherapy‐resistant phenotype. These results highlight a potential link between the microenvironmental physical stresses and the enhanced malignancy of metastasizing cancer cells which may be utilized as a therapeutic strategy in preventing the metastatic spread of cancer cells.
Synthetic Epigenetic Reprogramming of Mesenchymal to Epithelial States Using the CRISPR/dCas9 Platform in Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Waryah Charlene , Cursons Joseph , Foroutan Momeneh , Pflueger Christian , Wang Edina , Molania Ramyar , Woodward Eleanor , Sorolla Anabel , Wallis Christopher , Moses Colette , Glas Irina , Magalhães Leandro , Thompson Erik W. , Fearnley Liam G. , Chaffer Christine L. , Davis Melissa , Papenfuss Anthony T. , Redfern Andrew , Lister Ryan , Esteller Manel , Blancafort Pilar 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEpithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a reversible transcriptional program invoked by cancer cells to drive cancer progression. Transcription factor ZEB1 is a master regulator of EMT, driving disease recurrence in poor‐outcome triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs). Here, this work silences ZEB1 in TNBC models by CRISPR/dCas9‐mediated epigenetic editing, resulting in highly‐specific and nearly complete suppression of ZEB1 in vivo, accompanied by long‐lasting tumor inhibition. Integrated “omic” changes promoted by dCas9 linked to the KRAB domain (dCas9‐KRAB) enabled the discovery of a ZEB1‐dependent‐signature of 26 genes differentially‐expressed and ‐methylated, including the reactivation and enhanced chromatin accessibility in cell adhesion loci, outlining epigenetic reprogramming toward a more epithelial state. In the ZEB1 locus transcriptional silencing is associated with induction of locally‐spread heterochromatin, significant changes in DNA methylation at specific CpGs, gain of H3K9me3, and a near complete erasure of H3K4me3 in the ZEB1 promoter. Epigenetic shifts induced by ZEB1‐silencing are enriched in a subset of human breast tumors, illuminating a clinically‐relevant hybrid‐like state. Thus, the synthetic epi‐silencing of ZEB1 induces stable “lock‐in” epigenetic reprogramming of mesenchymal tumors associated with a distinct and stable epigenetic landscape. This work outlines epigenome‐engineering approaches for reversing EMT and customizable precision molecular oncology approaches for targeting poor outcome breast cancers.
Low anterior resection syndrome
Authors: Ryoo Seung‐Bum 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLow anterior resection syndrome (LARS) is the distressful defecatory functional problem after sphincter‐saving surgery for rectal cancer. Although the symptoms of fecal urgency, frequency, and incontinence may develop in most of the patients after surgery, there is no definitive treatments for LARS. Multifactorial etiologies and various risk factors have been identified, but the reduction of storage capacity in the rectum is one of the main reasons for LARS. Anal sphincter muscle or nerve damage during rectoanal resection or anastomosis construction, and intersphincteric resection for low‐lying tumors or hand‐sewing anastomosis, are the absolute risk factors for LARS. Preoperative radiotherapy, postoperative complications, such as anastomosis leakage, or longer duration of stoma, are also risk factors. The severity of LARS can be confirmed using the LARS score questionnaire. The questionnaire has been translated to numerous language versions including Korean and have been validated. Diverse empirical treatments, such as loperamide, fiber, probiotics, or enema, have been tried, but the safety and efficacy have not been verified yet. The 5‐Hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) receptor antagonist, ramosetron, used for diarrhea‐dominant irritable bowel syndrome, is one potential drug for relieving the symptoms of major LARS. A randomized‐controlled trial suggested the use of ramosetron could be safe and efficacious for patients who have major LARS after sphincter‐saving rectal cancer surgery. Novel techniques or drugs for relieving the symptoms of LARS should be developed more and further studies are necessary.
A Kinetically Stabilized Nitrogen‐Doped Triangulene Cation: Stable and NIR Fluorescent Diradical Cation with Triplet Ground State
Authors: Arikawa Shinobu , Shimizu Akihiro , Shiomi Daisuke , Sato Kazunobu , Takui Takeji , Sotome Hikaru , Miyasaka Hiroshi , Murai Masahito , Yamaguchi Shigehiro , Shintani Ryo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA kinetically‐stabilized nitrogen‐doped triangulene cation derivative has been synthesized and isolated as the stable diradical with a triplet ground state that exhibits near‐infrared emission. As was the case for a triangulene derivative we previously synthesized, the triplet ground state with a large singlet‐triplet energy gap was experimentally confirmed by magnetic measurements. In contrast to the triangulene derivative, the nitrogen‐doped triangulene cation derivative is highly stable even in solution under air and exhibits near‐infrared absorption and emission because the alternancy symmetry of triangulene is broken by the nitrogen cation. Breaking the alternancy symmetry of triplet alternant hydrocarbon diradicals by a nitrogen cation would therefore be an effective strategy to create stable diradicals possessing magnetic properties similar to the parent hydrocarbons but with different electrochemical and photophysical properties.
Regulated Ion/Electron‐Conducting Interphase Enables Stable Zinc‐Metal Anodes for Aqueous Zinc‐Ions Batteries
Authors: Zhou Jiahui , Mei Yang , Wu Feng , Hao Yutong , Ma Wenwen , Li Li , Xie Man , Chen Renjie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMetallic Zinc (Zn) is considered as a remarkably promising anode for aqueous Zn‐ion batteries due to its high volumetric capacity and low redox potential. Unfortunately, dendritic growth and severe side reactions destabilizes the electrode/electrolyte interface, and ultimately reduce the electrochemical performance. Here, an artificial protective layer (APL) with a regulated ion and electron‐conducting interphase is constructed on the Zn‐metal anode to provide excellent interfacial stability in high‐rate cycling. The superior ionic and moderate electronic conductivity of the APL derives from the co‐embedding of MXene and Zn(CF3SO3)2 salts into the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel, which enables a synergistic effect of local current density reduction during plating and ion transport acceleration during stripping for Zn anode. Furthermore, the high Young's modulus of the protective layer and dendrite‐free deposition morphology during cycling suppresses hydrogen evolution reactions (2.5 mmol h−1 cm−2) and passivation. As a result, in symmetrical cell tests, the modified battery presents a stable life of over 2000 cycles at ultra‐high current density of 20 mA cm−2. This research presents a new insight into the formation and regulation of stable electrode‐electrolyte interface for the Zn‐metal anode.
Crystal Structure and NMR of an α,δ‐Peptide Foldamer Helix Shows Side‐Chains are Well Placed for Bifunctional Catalysis: Application as a Minimalist Aldolase Mimic**
Authors: Lin Qi , Lan Hao , Ma Chunmiao , Stendall Ryan T. , Shankland Kenneth , Musgrave Rebecca A. , Horton Peter N. , Baldauf Carsten , Hofmann Hans‐Jörg , Butts Craig P. , Müller Manuel M. , Cobb Alexander J. A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe report the first NMR and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) structures of an unusual 13/11‐helix (alternating i, i+1 {NH−O=C} and i, i+3 {C=O−H−N} H‐bonds) formed by a heteromeric 1 : 1 sequence of α‐ and δ‐amino acids, and demonstrate the application of this framework towards catalysis. Whilst intramolecular hydrogen bonds (IMHBs) are the clear driver of helix formation in this system, we also observe an apolar interaction between the ethyl residue of one δ‐amino acid and the cyclohexyl group of the next δ‐residue in the sequence that seems to stabilize one type of helix over another. To the best of our knowledge this type of additional stabilization leading to a specific helical preference has not been observed before. Critically, the helix type realized places the α‐residue functionalities in positions proximal enough to engage in bifunctional catalysis as demonstrated in the application of our system as a minimalist aldolase mimic.
Annulative π‐Extension by Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed Ketone‐Directed C−H Activation: Rapid Access to Pyrenes and Related Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)
Authors: Sk Md Raja , Bhattacharyya Arya , Saha Shuvendu , Brahma Arpita , Maji Modhu Sudan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAnnulative π‐extension (APEX) reaction has become a powerful tool for the precise synthesis of well‐defined polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) such as nanographene, graphene, and other PAHs possessing unique structure. Herein, an APEX reaction has been realized at the masked bay‐region for the efficient and rapid synthesis of valuable PAH, pyrene, bearing substitutions at the most challenging K‐region. RhIII‐catalyzed ketone‐directed C−H activation at the peri‐position of a naphthyl‐derived ketone, alkyne‐insertion, intramolecular nucleophilic attack at the carbonyl‐group, dehydration, and aromatization steps occurred in one‐pot to effectuate the protocol. Employing this strategy, a two‐fold APEX reaction on enantiopure BINOL‐derived ketones provided access to axially‐chiral bipyrene derivatives. The detailed DFT study to support proposed mechanism, and synthesis of helical PAHs like dipyrenothiophene and dipyrenofuran are other highlights of the present study.
A lack of efficacy of continuous theta burst stimulation over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in autism: A double blind randomized sham‐controlled trial
Authors: Ni Hsing‐Chang , Chen Yi‐Lung , Chao Yi‐Ping , Wu Chen‐Te , Chen Rao‐Shayn , Chou Tai‐Li , Gau Susan Shur‐Fen , Lin Hsiang‐Yuan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAlthough previous open‐label trials suggest the therapeutic potential of inhibitory repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), methodological caveats exist. We conducted an 8‐week randomized, double‐blind sham‐controlled trial to investigate the efficacy of inhibitory continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS, a variant of rTMS) over the left DLPFC in individuals with ASD. Sixty children, adolescents and young adults (aged 8–30 years) with ASD without co‐occurring intellectual disabilities were randomized to a 16‐session 8‐week cTBS versus sham stimulation course, with a follow‐up 4 weeks after the trial. The Active group was not superior to the Sham group in any clinical or neuropsychological metrics at Week 8 or Week 12. Time effects of 8‐week cTBS on symptoms and executive function were remarkable in both Active and Sham groups, with comparable response rates and effect sizes of changes in symptoms/cognition between groups. Our results from a sufficiently powered sample do not endorse the superior efficacy of cTBS over the left DLPFC to the shamed stimulation for children, adolescents and adults with ASD. These findings suggest that earlier positive open‐label trial findings may be generalized by generalized/placebo effects. This highlights the urgent need for more rTMS/TBS studies with rigorous trial designs in ASD.
What is specific about employment status, workplace experiences and requirements in individuals with autism in Germany?
Authors: Espelöer Julia , Proft Julia , Kemmer Phyllis , Falter‐Wagner Christine M. , Vogeley Kai 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe challenge of sustainably integrating highly educated individuals with ASD without intellectual disabilities in the first labor market is repeatedly described in literature. In a retrospective study, a group of 197 clinically late‐diagnosed adults with ASD without intellectual disabilities was compared to a closely matched group of 501 individuals who did not meet the criteria for the diagnosis of ASD within a utilization population of the Cologne Autism Outpatient Clinic. Results indicated that the pronounced demand for reduction of social and interpersonal requirements at the workplace (including planned or limited contact with colleagues and customers) as well as the experience of difficulties following unexpected changes in the daily routine were specific for ASD. In addition, individuals with ASD reported greater difficulties in finding a suitable job and being able to live on their wages, taking age and educational qualification into account. Supported employment measures were provided significantly more frequently to individuals in the ASD group. In conclusion, impairments in social skills emerged as one of the main obstacles of workplace performance for individuals with ASD emphasizing the necessity to develop and apply ASD‐specific support services.
Effect of spray aeration on unregulated drinking water disinfection byproducts
Authors: Beaudoin Kathleen R. , VanBriesen Jeanne M. , Dzombak David A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSpray aeration is a comparatively low‐cost option to reduce trihalomethane (THM) concentrations in distribution system storage. The effect of spray aeration on unregulated, toxic disinfection by‐products was investigated in a bench‐scale apparatus in closed‐tank and open‐tank experiments. In the closed‐tank experiments, initially over 90% of THMs, trichloroacetonitrile, and chloropicrin were removed, while 36% of dihaloacetonitriles were removed. However, due to the buildup of concentrations in the tank headspace, removal rates for all compounds decreased significantly with time, falling to 44% removal of THMs, 76% removal of trichloroacetonitrile, and 58% removal of chloropicrin. Removal of dihaloacetonitriles decreased to zero. In the open‐tank experiments, THM removal rates were high and did not decrease with time. Considering the results with open and closed tanks as approximate bounds for performance expected under real‐world conditions in storage tanks, the findings suggest that spray aeration may not significantly reduce haloacetonitrile‐related toxicity while halonitromethane‐related toxicity may be reduced.
Synthesis of ultra‐small gold nanorods: Effect of reducing agent on reaction rate control
Authors: Yoo Sunghoon , Youn Goeun , Lee Hyunseung , Kwon Jae‐Sung , Lee Youngbok , Lee Seunghyun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRecently, anisotropic plasmonic nanoparticles with unique optical properties have seen applications in nanomedicine ranging from optical biosensing to bioimaging and drug delivery. For these uses, uniform gold nanoparticles with a very small size and appropriate aspect ratio that maintain optical properties in near‐IR region are desirable. In this study, we synthesized uniform ultra‐small gold nanorods with high yield, using hydroquinone as the reducing agent in the growth solution via the seed‐mediated method. We were able to control the rate of reduction of gold ions by adjusting the volume of hydroquinone, resulting in the controlled growth rate of gold nanorods. Moreover, by adjusting the volume of the gold precursor, we synthesized ultra‐small gold nanorods with dimensions of 16.3 (±2.24) × 5.85 (±0.54) nm (length and diameter). We characterized the ultra‐small gold nanorods by UV–visible‐NIR spectrophotometry, transmission electron microscopy, x‐ray diffraction, and fast Fourier transform techniques.
RAIF: A deep learning‐based architecture for multi‐modal aesthetic biometric system
Authors: Iffath Fariha , Gavrilova Marina 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHuman aesthetics play a significant role in video game development, emotional‐aware robot design, online recommender systems, digital human, and other domains of research focusing on human‐computer interactions. Social network user recognition based on aesthetic preferences is an emerging research domain. In this paper, a novel deep learning architecture is proposed for multi‐modal audio‐visual person identification that combines audio and visual aesthetic features. A pre‐trained ResNet architecture is utilized to extract high‐level features from a set of user‐preferred audio and image samples. A novel deep learning‐based fusion technique called residual‐aided intermediate fusion (RAIF) is introduced in order to effectively merge the audio and visual features. The proposed RAIF method achieved an accuracy of 98% and a loss of 0.01 on a proprietary multi‐modal dataset, indicating its effectiveness in fusing audio and visual information.
Hydrogels with Reversible Crosslinks for Improved Localised Stem Cell Retention: A Review
Authors: Princen Ken , Marien Neeve , Guedens Wanda , Graulus Geert‐Jan , Adriaensens Peter 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSuccessful stem cell applications could have a significant impact on the medical field, where many lives are at stake. However, the translation of stem cells to the clinic could be improved by overcoming challenges in stem cell transplantation and in vivo retention at the site of tissue damage. This review aims to showcase the most recent insights into developing hydrogels that can deliver, retain, and accommodate stem cells for tissue repair. Hydrogels can be used for tissue engineering, as their flexibility and water content makes them excellent substitutes for the native extracellular matrix. Moreover, the mechanical properties of hydrogels are highly tuneable, and recognition moieties to control cell behaviour and fate can quickly be introduced. This review covers the parameters necessary for the physicochemical design of adaptable hydrogels, the variety of (bio)materials that can be used in such hydrogels, their application in stem cell delivery and some recently developed chemistries for reversible crosslinking. Implementing physical and dynamic covalent chemistry has resulted in adaptable hydrogels that can mimic the dynamic nature of the extracellular matrix.
Fecundity and maternal effects on Palmer amaranth height following season‐long interference in corn, cotton, and peanut
Authors: Mahoney Denis J. , Jordan David L. , Leon Ramon , Oreja Fernando H. , Roma‐Burgos Nilda 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPalmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri Watson) is one of the most difficult‐to‐control weeds in several economically important crops in the United States. Growth characteristics of Palmer amaranth can be affected by the cropping system. Research was conducted in North Carolina in 2019 to determine height and seed production of Palmer amaranth grown season long in the presence of corn (Zea mays L.), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), and peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Research was also conducted to determine transgenerational effects due to interference from these crops. Palmer amaranth produced more seed when grown with cotton (17 times greater) and peanut (12 times greater) compared with corn; no difference was noted between cotton and peanut. Palmer amaranth height in the field at physiological maturity was similar in corn (80 inches) and cotton (77 inches) and taller in height than peanut (63 inches). When progeny from plants in the field were grown in the greenhouse in the absence of crop interference, differences in the height of progeny and height of the mother plant in the presence of crop interference were ranked similarly with respect to crop. Palmer amaranth height in the presence of corn and cotton was similar (57 and 58 inches, respectively) and it exceeded height when the weed was grown with peanut (51 inches). These results demonstrate transgenerational effects due to previous crop (e.g., corn, cotton, and peanut) for Palmer amaranth.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Simplified Ansellone Analogues with Lipophilic Side Chains as HIV Latency‐Reversing Agents
Authors: Yanagihara Mizushi , Kishimoto Naoki , Nakahara Kanae , Abe Towa , Miura Satoshi , Lin Bangzhong , Fumimoto Megumi , Haruta Junichi , Misumi Shogo , Arisawa Mitsuhiro , Murai Kenichi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStructurally simplified analogues of ansellone A, in which the decalin skeleton is replaced with a lipophilic chain, were prepared and their HIV latency‐reversing activities biologically evaluated. In particular, two analogues bearing ether and alkenyl side chains, respectively, showed comparable activities to that of ansellone A. Each of the simplified compounds was easily synthesized using Prins cyclisation chemistry.