bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonreciprocal Nature and Magnetochiral Charge Polarization in Chiral Molecular Devices
Authors: Xiao Jiewen , Yan Binghai 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

The chirality--spin interaction is a fascinating topic for physicists and chemists. For example, chiral molecules like DNA generate giant spin polarization in nanodevices characterized by large magnetoresistance (MR). This phenomenon, called chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS), paves pathways for unconventional spintronic devices and enantiomer separation. Different from ordinary transport, CISS MR violates Onsager's reciprocal relation and its physical mechanism is elusive and debated. In this work, we propose that the CISS MR is intimately related to the electric magnetochiral anisotropy (EMCA) while EMCA respects Onsager's relation. In a molecular device including a ferromagnetic electrode, the chiral molecule, as a spin polarizer, leads to EMCA in the second order response to the electric field. However, EMCA further generates extra charge accumulation in the device given the insulating nature of the molecule. Here, reversing either electrode magnetization or molecule chirality changes the charge accumulation, which we term magnetochiral charge polarization (MCCP). Then MCCP modifies the tunneling barrier, alters the tunneling resistance sensitively, and thus, leads to a higher-order MR that violates Onsager's reciprocity.
Our model reveals the deep connection between EMCA and CISS MR and explains the unusually large MR ratio and nonequilibrium nature of CISS. We predict that the molecular spin valve device exhibits a crossover from CISS-MR to EMCA when the chiral molecule turns more metallic because of losing the accumulated charge. We further anticipate CISS MR may appear in chiral molecular devices without ferromagnetic electrodes but in an external magnetic field in case EMCA and charge accumulation co-exist.
Loss of long-range co-expression is a common trait in cancer
Authors: García-Cortés Diana , Hernández-Lemus Enrique , Espinal-Enríquez Jesús 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Cancer cells display common traits and enabling-characteristics previously described as the Hallmarks of Cancer. These occur alongside alterations in the regulatory mechanisms controlling gene transcription. Gene co-expression networks (GCNs) identify correlated sets of genes that might share these mechanisms. We have previously reported loss of long-range co-expression for breast, lung, and kidney cancer GCNs. Here, we extend the study to fifteen tissues. Unlike in healthy phenotypes, the highest cancer gene-pair interactions are intra-chromosomal and their strength decays with base-pair distance. Communities in tumor GCNs are strongly associated with cancer related processes along with a wide presence of adaptive immune response. Riboproteins are highly co-expressed in cancer and normal GCNs, suggesting their relevance for cell viability. The loss of long-range co-expression is not observed in other chronic diseases such as Type-2 Diabetes or Alzheimer's disease. These results suggest that the loss of long-range co-expression is a common trait in cancer.
Effect the accumulation of bioactive constituents of a medicinal plant (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.) by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi community
Authors: Wu Yan-Hong , Cai Qing-Qing , Liu Min , He Dong-Mei , Chen Xin , Wang Hai , Yan Zhu-Yun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form symbiotic relationships with many terrestrial plants and have attracted considerable interest as biofertilizers to improve the quality and yield of medicinal plants. Although AMFs are widely distributed in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge roots, there are few studies on how multiple AMFs could affect biomass and active ingredient accumulations. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively investigate the impacts of five native AMFs and twenty-six communities on the root biomass and secondary metabolites of S. miltiorrhiza.Results Thirty-one treatment groups formed symbiotic relationships with S. miltiorrhiza, according to the pot culture results, and the colonization rate ranged from 54.83–89.97%. With increasing AMF richness, root biomass and total tanshinone accumulations (ATTS) showed a rising trend, while total phenolic acid accumulations (ATP) showed a decreasing trend. This indicated that plant productivity was influenced by the AMFs richness, and the inoculation benefit was higher when the communities contained three or four AMFs. The affinities of AMF members were also connected to plant productivity. The inoculation effect of relatively closely related AMFs of the same family, such as Glomus formosanum, Septoglomus constrictum, and Rhizophagus manihotis, was consistently lower than that of mono-inoculation when any combinations were applied. The co-inoculation of S. miltiorrhiza with nearby or distant AMFs from two families, such as G. formosanum, R. manihotis, and Acaulospora laevis or Ambispora gerdemannii, increased ATP and ATTS by more than 50%.Conclusion The results show that co-inoculation of three or four distantly related AMFs improves the plant’s economic yield in an ecologically friendly manner.
GO-Tibia: a masked, randomized control trial evaluating Gentamicin versus saline in Open Tibia fractures
Authors: Haonga Billy T , O'Marr Jamieson , Ngunyale Patrick , Ngahyoma Joshua , Kessey Justin , Sasillo Ibrahim , Rodarte Patricia , Belaye Tigist , Berhaneselase Eleni , Eliezer Edmund , Porco Travis , Morshed Saam , Shearer David W 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background:
The rate of open tibia fractures is rapidly increasing across the globe due to a recent rise in road traffic accidents, predominantly in low and low-middle income countries. These injuries are orthopaedic emergencies associated with infection rates as high as 40% despite the use of systemic antibiotics and surgical debridement. The use of local antibiotics has shown some promise in reducing the burden of infection in these injuries due to increasing local tissue availability, however no trial has yet been appropriately powered to evaluate for definitive evidence and the majority of current studies have taken place in a high-resource countries where resources and the bio-burden may be different. • Methods:
This is a prospective randomized, masked, placebo-controlled superiority trial designed to evaluate the efficacy of locally administered gentamicin versus placebo in the prevention of fracture-related infection in adults (age>18 years) with primarily closeable Gustillo-Anderson class I, II, and IIIA open tibia fractures. Eight hundred and nighty patients will be randomized to receive an injection of either gentamicin (treatment group) or saline (control group) at the site of their primarily closed open fracture. The primary outcome will be the occurrence of a fracture related infection occurring during the course of the 12-month follow-up.
Discussion:
This study will definitively assess the effectiveness of local gentamicin for the prevention of fracture-related infections in adults with open tibia fractures in Tanzania. The results of this study have the potential to demonstrate a low-cost, widely available intervention for the reduction of infection in open tibia fractures.
Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT05157126. Registered on December 14th, 2021.
An epsilon class glutathione S-transferase gene contributes to the phytochemical susceptibility of Tribolium castaneum
Authors: Gao Shanshan , Li Dongyu , Zhou Can , Zhu Min , Zhang Yonglei , Li Ruimin , Zhang Kunpeng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Evidence is accumulating that insect epsilon class glutathione S-transferases (GSTes) play an important role in the resistance of xenobiotics such as insecticide. A Tribolium castaneum epsilon class GST gene, TcGSTe17, could be significantly induced following exposure to plant derivative eucalyptol. However, whether TcGSTe17 involved in resistance to eucalyptol is still unclear. In this study, the TcGSTe17 was cloned from the T. castaneum genome, which exhibited the characteristic structural domain of epsilon class GSTs. In addition, molecular docking analysis showed that TcGSTe17 possibly could interact with eucalyptol. The expression profiling of stage showed that TcGSTe17 expressed at all development stages, of which highly expressed at late larvae. The expression profiling of tissue showed that TcGSTe17 highly expressed in gut of larvae and fat body of adults, respectively, and exhibited gender-different expression patterns as well. In addition, the transcripts of TcGSTe17 were significantly increased following exposure to eucalyptol, and RNAi heightened the susceptibility of beetles to eucalyptol. Overall, these results suggest that TcGSTe17 is required for the susceptibility of T. castaneum to eucalyptol. This study will contribute to the development of molecular targets, and provide scientific basis for developing eucalyptol as an insecticide.
Rainfall Prediction using Deep Learning and Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: sashank chittella , Raj Kiruthick , Amin Teerth Deepak , S Ayyasamy 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

This study focuses on the development of a tool to predict Rainfall using Neural networks. This application uses a neural network to predict precipitation based on historical weather data such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and pressure. Models are trained on large datasets of weather information to learn the complex relationships between weather variables and precipitation. The application provides accurate and timely rainfall forecasts to help farmers plan their crops, water managers allocate resources, and responders prepare for potential floods and droughts. Overall, this application has the potential to reduce the impact of extreme weather events and improve our ability to make more informed decisions related to water resource management.
Speech Recognition Using Matlab
Authors: Gupta Ashish , Adeem Mir , Mathias Saharsh Justin , S Ayyasamy 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Currently, technology is rapidly advancing to simplify people's daily lives. Our project aims to contribute to this by developing a voice recognition system that identifies the speaker and their speech, providing hands-free security that is resistant to hacking. The primary goal of this research is to create a more natural interface between humans and computers by enabling automatic speech recognition (ASR). Since people primarily communicate through speech, this technology can help remove communication barriers by allowing computers to understand human speech. To achieve this, we plan to design and implement a speech recognition system that accurately identifies a few simple commands. To recognize the speaker, we have used linear predictive parameters related to their vocal tract, along with hidden Markov models. Speech recognition is a widely used concept in security projects, as it helps confirm the identity of individuals automatically. In our project, we extract features using linear predictive coding from voice signals sampled directly from a microphone. We use Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) as the recognition method, with the codebook used as input feature vectors to the ANN. The back propagation algorithm of the ANN is used for training, and the training parameter is stored for future testing of the same speech sample.
Additionally, diabetes is a prevalent disease affecting more than 246 million people worldwide, with this number expected to rise to around 380 million by 2025. It occurs when the body is unable to generate or respond correctly to insulin, which regulates glucose. This disease increases the risk of developing heart disease, kidney disease, blindness, nerve damage, and blood vessel damage. To diagnose diabetes, proper interpretation of the diabetes data is crucial, making it an important research issue. This study used a back propagation training algorithm for logistic regression classification with the diabetes dataset from Pima Indians. The dataset is a binary classification problem where the aim is to determine whether a patient has the disease based on several features.
Interplay of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Colorectal Cancer Development: Unravelling the Mediating Role of Fatty Acids through a Comprehensive Multi-Omics Analysis
Authors: Zhou Youtao , Lin Zikai , Xie Shuojia , Gao Yuan , Zhou Haobin , Chen Fengzhen , Fu Yuewu , Yang Cuiyan , Ke Chuanfeng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients often exhibit gastrointestinal symptoms, and COPD is potentially associated with colorectal cancer (CRC).
Methods: We collected COPD and CRC data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, genome-wide association studies, and RNA sequence for a comprehensive analysis. We used weighted logistic regression to explore the association between COPD and CRC incidence risk. Mendelian randomization analysis was performed to assess the causal relationship between COPD and CRC, and cross-phenotype meta-analysis was conducted to pinpoint crucial loci. Multivariable mendelian randomization was used to uncover mediating factors connecting the two diseases. Our results were validated using both NHANES and GEO databases.
Results:
In the NHANES dataset, we found that COPD serves as a contributing factor in the development of CRC. MR analysis revealed that COPD increased the risk of CRC onset and progression (OR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.01–1.36). Cross-phenotype meta-analysis identified four critical genes associated with both CRC and COPD. Multivariable mendelian randomization results indicated that body fat percentage, omega-3, omega-6, and the omega-3 to omega-6 ratio may be mediating factors impacting both CRC and COPD; these findings were confirmed in the NHANES dataset. In the RNA expression data for COPD and CRC, weighted gene co-expression network analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment results demonstrated a strong correlation between fatty acid–related modules in both diseases.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that COPD may contribute to an elevated risk of CRC development through fatty acid–related pathways.
Chronic pulmonary thromboembolism and chronic aortic dissection: A surgery challenge
Authors: Peña Alvaro Diego , Estacio Mayra , Cadavid Eduardo , Olaya Hector , Moreno Alejandro , Olaya Stephany 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Acute aortic dissection and acute pulmonary embolism are both life-threatening emergencies. The presented case is of a 70-year-old patient with chronic aortic dissection, an incidental finding in the pulmonary tomography during the study of chronic pulmonary thromboembolism. Initially, it was considered to carry out the two simultaneous procedures but considering her age and the fact that she had a chronic aortic dissection without root dilation, it was concluded that she had more risk than benefit from carrying out the aortic replacement procedure. For this reason, it was decided to perform only a pulmonary thromboendarterectomy, resulting in a short hospital stay with subsequent outpatient control and symptomatic improvement. This was achieved with good pre-surgical planning and without carrying out a mixed procedure with high morbidity and mortality.
Pan-cancer analysis of the prognostic and immunotherapeutic values of exostosin-1
Authors: Liu Yuqiu , Li Li , Wang Hongqing , Tian Wei , Lv Qingfeng , Zhang Yujie , Li Changzhong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Exostosin-1 (EXT1) is associated with the spread and metastasis of cancer cells. In this study, we investigate the prognostic value and immunological relevance of EXT1 in various cancers.Methods The expression profiles and clinical data of 33 different cancers were collected. The differences of EXT1 expression between tumor and normal tissues were analyzed using a t-test and paired t-test. Univariate Cox regression analysis was performed, and survival curves were plotted to evaluate the prognostic value of EXT1. The molecular mechanisms of EXT1 were determined, and a drug sensitivity analysis was conducted. Finally, the expression and function of EXT1 was verified in endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC) cells.Results The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression databases showed that EXT1 expression was higher in CESC, cholangiocarcinoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, esophageal carcinoma, kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma, liver hepatocellular carcinoma, lung squamous cell carcinoma, and stomach adenocarcinoma specimens than in normal specimens. Additionally, EXT1 expression correlated with survival time, including overall survival, disease-specific survival, disease-free interval, and progression-free interval, in multiple cancers. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that EXT1 is associated with immunity-, tumorigenesis-, and development-related pathways. Immunocorrelation analysis showed that EXT1 is related to the immune response, tumor microenvironment, and immunotherapeutic response in various cancers. Drug sensitivity analysis revealed that 152 drugs exhibited remarkably different sensitivities between the high- and low-EXT1 expression groups. Cell experiments showed that EXT1 expression was related to the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CESC tumor cells.Conclusion EXT1 is a potential target gene for immune infiltration and has prognostic value in multiple cancers; thus, it may provide new insights into cancer treatment.
Identifying the mixing-induced homogeneity characteristics of asphalt mixtures containing reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) materials
Authors: Wu Jiantao , Qiu Lei , Jiao Yan , Liu Quan , Jing Chao , Zhu Jinlong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The homogeneity of asphalt mixtures accounts for the pavement long-term durability, particularly for the recycled asphalt mixtures that includes reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) materials. Therefore, this study examined the mixing-induced homogeneity characteristics of recycled asphalt mixtures containing 40% RAP dosages. In specific, five mixing times and two ageing degrees of RAP binder were considered. The titanium dioxide powder was incorporated into RAP binders as an identification tracer. After the specimen preparation, the Computed Tomography (CT) technology was implemented to obtain the digital images of the specimen. In what follows, components of asphalt mixtures were separately identified. Accordingly, two homogeneity indexes were proposed to estimate the homogeneity of recycled asphalt mixtures. The results indicated that the distribution of the coarse aggregate contributed most to the specimen homogeneity, followed by the bitumen mastics and the air void. The extension of mixing time, to some extent, benefited the homogeneity degree of recycled asphalt mixtures. However, the newly formed clusters that occurred in the mixing process should be concerned and eliminated. For a cylinder specimen, the middle part of the specimen was more homogeneous than marginal positions.
Barriers to resilience among healthcare staff in Ireland in the post-austerity period: A cross- sectional analysis
Authors: Sanchez Arianna* Almirall , Fleming Pádraic , Layte Richard , McGowan Emer , O'Donoghue Catherine , Farsaci Liz , Thomas Steve 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The health workforce is the motor of any health system. Although the focus of health systems has been on increasing the availability of health workers, less attention has been devoted to exploring the factors associated with the satisfaction/dissatisfaction of the existing workforce or how to improve them.
Objective: To assess job satisfaction among Irish healthcare workers and to model the association between psychological, sociodemographic, and work-related factors and the satisfaction of the health staff.
Methodology: A secondary data analysis and subgroup analysis were conducted utilising the data collected in the waves (2016, 2018) of the Irish Staff Survey “Your Opinion Counts”(YOC). Descriptive statistics were used to describe the baseline characteristics of the participants. Post-stratification weights were generated to decrease the bias associated with the representativeness of the sample. Ordinal logistic regression was utilised for determining associations between job satisfaction and work-related, sociodemographic, and psychological state variables.
Results: Just over half of the health staff were satisfied with their organisation (52.1%). At country and organisational levels, the communication within the organisation and the possibilities of training and career progression showed the greatest percentage of dissatisfaction within the participants. At the individual level, being a woman, experiencing bullying or discrimination, working in the National Ambulance Service or being a doctor/dentist were the variables highly correlated with dissatisfaction of health staff.
Conclusion: The results highlighted the dissatisfaction experienced by many healthcare workers. Therefore, understanding and addressing their concerns is crucial for policy makers developing national strategies and knowledge-based interventions.
SSH-DAuth: Secret Sharing based Decentralized OAuth using Decentralized Identifier
Authors: Danda Prudhvi Krishna , Radhakrishnan Ramaguru , Kanakkath Praveen , Madathil Sethumadhavan , Soundarapandian Ravichandran Kattur , Raghuraman Krishan Kumar , Gandomi Amir H 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
OAuth2.0 is a Single Sign-On (SSO) approach that helps to authenticate and authorize users to log into multiple applications without re-entering the credentials. In this model, the data are stored in a central repository completely controlled by the OAuth service provider, which may lead to third-party fraud and identity theft. This paper proposes a decentralized authentication framework comprised of a blockchain-based decentralized identifier and private distributed storage via an interplanetary filesystem (IPFS), permitting the user to have end-to-end data control. Furthermore, we have added a secret sharing mechanism that allows secure storage of data in our proposed model. We implemented our proposed framework in Hyperledger Indy(permissioned blockchain) and Ethereum (permissionless blockchain) to compare the efficiency, scalability, and privacy of the data stored in the blockchain ledger.