bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Various IPM Modules on the Management of Major Insect Pests of Sesame in Madhya Pradesh's Bundhelkhand Zone
Authors: Thakur Shobhram , Nayak M. K. , Ratan Shiv , Shyam Manisha , Yogranjan . 
Published: February 2023

The All India Coordinated Research Project Sesame Centre, College of Agriculture, JNKVV, Tikamgarh (M.P.) conducted a field experiment in 2017 kharif season using a Randomised block design to examine the effects of several IPM modules on the control of the main sesame insect pest. The experiment was set up using a Randomized Block Design with three replications, six treatments, and 21.6 M2 plots for each, using the sesame variety modrate resistant TKG -22 as the test variety. All of the plots' seeds were treated with imidacloprid 600 (5g/kg seed), and all plots except for the control were intercropping with black gram (3:3) and yellow sticky trap (1 trap/plot). Profenofos 50EC (2ml/L), NSKE5% (T1 and T2), two sprays of NSKE5% + NSKE 5%, Profenofos 0.1% (2ml/l)+ NSKE 5%, and Profenofos 0.1% were used as the treatment, with the untreated control side receiving no treatment. The results showed that treated areas with insecticides outperformed untreated areas by a significant margin. Of the treatments, treatment T5 (imidacloprid 600FS (5g/kg seed) foliar spray of NSKE5% at 30 & profenofos 0.11% (2ml/l)45 DAS) was the most effective and recorded the lowest population of Antigashtra (0.17) larvae/5plant). Bud flies were greatly diminished, and the populations of the three main sucking pests—mirid bugs (0.24 bugs per three leaves/plant), white flies (0.48 Nymphs per three leaves/plant were at their lowest. In T5 (imidacloprid 600FS (5g/kg seeds + intercropping with black gram 3:3) foliar srpray of NSKE5% at 30, & profenofos 0.1% (2ml/l), the seed equivalent yield was also greatly increased. 45 DAS had the highest seed equivalent yield of 1176 kg/ha, the highest net profit of Rs. 78667, and the highest B:C ratio (6.11); T4 had the highest seed equivalent yield of 1075 kg/ha, the net profit of Rs.70297, and the highest B:C ratio (5.48).
Effect of NaCl Salt Stress on Growth, Ions and Organic Solutes Contents in a Local Cultivar Kpinman of African Eggplant (Solanum macrocarpon L) in the Republic of Benin
Authors: Gildas Yénoukounmè Sounou Elisée , Baudouin Geoffroy Gouveitcha Mahougnon , Atou Richard , Loko Belvida , Koffi Kpinkoun Julien , Bernard Gandonou Christophe 
Published: February 2023

Aims: This research has as objective to evaluate the effect of NaCl salt stress on African eggplant plant growth and to determine the implication of the accumulation of Na+, proline and soluble sugars and the reduction of K+ in the detrimental effect of NaCl in the growth of this plant species.
Study Design: The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) having five treatments and three replications.
Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was carried out in screening house under natural conditions at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Commune of Abomey-Calavi. Republic of Benin from June to august 2022.
Methodology: Five NaCI concentrations (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 mM) were used to irrigate four weeks old plants for two weeks. Plant growth, sodium (Na), potassium (K), proline, and soluble sugars contents of leaves and roots were determined at the end of the experiment.
Results: Salt stress induced a significant reduction (P = .001) in shoot and root growth from 30 : 60 or 90 mM NaCI according to the growth parameter but had no impact on shoot water content. Leaf and roots Na+ contents significantly increased (P = .001) under salt stress whereas K+ content deoreased significantly (P = .05) only in root. Na change was observed for proline and soluble sugars contents in both leaf and root.
Conclusion: Salt stress reduces the growth of plants of African eggplant due mainly to Na+ ion toxicity. The ionic selectivity ratio (K+/ Na+) rather than the K+ ion content plays an important role in the response of plants of African eggplant to salt stress. Proline and soluble sugars accumulation appeared not to intervene.
Profile of Anxiety and Depression Symptoms Associated with Sleep Quality of Medical Students in the Eastern Amazon
Authors: Lopes Vitor Maués , Magno Ismaelino Mauro Nunes , Smith Narelly Araújo , Nascimento Valeria Francês , Lima Vitor Hugo Auzier 
Published: February 2023

Objective: An adequate sleep is essential for good mental health. Thus, this study associated the prevalence of the main symptoms of anxiety and depression with sleep quality in medical students at a Brazilian university center, a population frequently affected by these disorders.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study, with data obtained through online questionnaires answered by medical students, during the year 2022. To assess symptoms of depression and anxiety, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used, while, to assess the quality of sleep, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).
Results: 229 students participated in the study. Of these, 51% had anxiety symptoms. As for depression, 27,5% had depression symptoms. With regard to sleep quality, 28% had poor sleep quality and 71% good quality. There was a significant association between sleep quality and anxiety and depression symptoms (p<0.001): of the individuals with good sleep quality, 51% had possible and probably anxiety and 21,2% were classified as possible and probably depression. Furthermore, about the students with poor sleep quality: 80% were possible and probably anxious students and 43,8% were possible and probably depressive.
Conclusions: The study documents a statistically significant association between anxiety and depression symptoms and poor sleep quality. Further multicentric analyzes are needed to understand this scenario.
Effect of Sickle Cell Trait on the Treatment Response of Individuals Infected with Human Immune-Deficiency Virus (HIV)
Authors: Odunukwe Nkiruka Nonyelum , Okwuzu Jane Ogoamaka , Musa Adesola Zaidat , Austin-Akaigwe Patricia Chinwe , Abubakar Ahmed Rufai , Salako Babatunde Lawal 
Published: February 2023

Background: Sickle cell disease is of public health importance and comes with systemic organ complications that can cause long-term disabilities and early death.
Aim: This study was to determine the effect of co-existence between sickle cell gene (HbS) and HIV infection in a Lagos population.
Methods: The study was conducted at the anti-retroviral (ARV) outpatient clinic of the Nigerian Institute of Medical Research (NIMR), Yaba, Lagos. It is a cross-sectional cohort study of 292 adult HIV- positive patients who were enrolled for treatment and support in the centre between the year 2004-2015. A review of case notes and database was done to extract haematologic, immunologic, virologic and clinical information of the patients. The enrolled participants were invited for additional clinical and socio-demographic information using a structured questionnaire. Blood samples were collected and reanalysed to confirm the haemoglobin genotype. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software.
Results: Out of 292 recruited patients, 274 participants had complete data of which 74.1%, 22.9% and 2.9% were HbAA, HbAS and HbAC respectively. Sickle cell trait (SCT) was found in 25.9% of the participants and there was no record of sickle cell disease (SCD). HbAA participants were found to have a higher viral load (87.5%) at baseline (P < 0.001). For HbAA and SCT groups, treatment response over the years was similar with lower figures seen in SCT.
Conclusion: It was concluded that lower HIV viraemia in SCT might mean a delay in HIV-1 disease progression and subsequently better quality of life for such patients.
An AI decision‐making framework for business value maximization
Authors: Gudigantala Naveen , Madhavaram Sreedhar , Bicen Pelin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article addresses a key question of why businesses are failing to maximize business value from their artificial intelligence (AI) investments and proposes a strategic decision‐making framework for AI decision‐making to address this problem. We suggest that a firm's business strategy must drive AI‐driven business outcomes and measurements, which in turn should drive the AI implementation decisions. Very often, we find that businesses fail to successfully cast business problems into AI problems. To bridge this gap, we propose that firms use a performance management system such as objectives and key results (OKRs) to ensure that the business and AI goals & objectives are well defined, tightly aligned, and made transparent across the company, and the AI efforts are approached in an integrated manner by the different parts of a firm. We use McDonald's use of AI initiatives as a business use case to demonstrate support for our AI decision‐making framework. We argue that using the business strategy as a primary driver will enable firms to solve the right problems using AI, turning it to be a source of technology innovation and competitive advantage.
Advanced Flexible Materials from Nanocellulose
Authors: Chen Zehong , Hu Yijie , Shi Ge , Zhuo Hao , Ali Mohammed Azam , Jamróz Ewelina , Zhang Huili , Zhong Linxin , Peng Xinwen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWith the increase of environmental pollution and depletion of fossil fuel resources, the utilization of renewable biomass resources for developing functional materials or fine chemicals is of great value and has attracted considerable attention. Nanocellulose, as a well‐known renewable nanomaterial, is regarded as a promising nano building block for advanced functional materials owing to its unique structure and properties, as well as natural abundance. Typically, its high mechanical strength, structural flexibility, reinforcing capabilities, and tunable self‐assembly behavior makes it highly attractive to fabricate flexible materials for various applications. Herein, the recent progress in the design, properties, and applications of advanced flexible materials from nanocellulose is comprehensively summarized. The preparation and properties of nanocellulose are first briefly introduced and discuss its merits in fabricating flexible materials. Then, various advanced flexible materials from nanocellulose are introduced, and the critical role of nanocellulose in constructing flexible materials is highlighted based on its intrinsic properties. After that, their applications in energy storage, electronics, sensor, biomedical, thermally insulating, photonic devices, etc., are presented. At last, the outlook of the current challenges and future perspectives for developing nanocellulose‐derived flexible materials are discussed.
Magnetic–Acoustic Sequentially Actuated CAR T Cell Microrobots for Precision Navigation and In Situ Antitumor Immunoactivation
Authors: Tang Xiaofan , Yang Ye , Zheng Mingbin , Yin Ting , Huang Guojun , Lai Zhengyu , Zhang Baozhen , Chen Ze , Xu Tiantian , Ma Teng , Pan Hong , Cai Lintao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDespite its clinical success, chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T)‐cell immunotherapy remains limited in solid tumors, owing to the harsh physical barriers and immunosuppressive microenvironment. Here a CAR‐T‐cell‐based live microrobot (M‐CAR T) is created by decorating CAR T with immunomagnetic beads using click conjugation. M‐CAR Ts are capable of magnetic–acoustic actuation for precision targeting and in situ activation of antitumor immune responses. Sequential actuation endows M‐CAR Ts with magnetically actuated anti‐flow and obstacle avoidance as well as tissue penetration driven by acoustic propulsion, enabling efficient migration and accumulation in artificial tumor models. In vivo, sequentially actuated M‐CAR Ts achieves long‐distance targeting and accumulate at the peritumoural area under programmable magnetic guidance, and subsequently acoustic tweezers actuate M‐CAR Ts to migrate into deep tumor tissues, resulting in a 6.6‐fold increase in accumulated exogenous CD8+ CAR T cells compared with that without actuation. Anti‐CD3/CD28 immunomagnetic beads stimulate infiltrated CAR T proliferation and activation in situ, significantly enhancing their antitumor efficacy. Thus, this sequential‐actuation‐guided cell microrobot combines the merits of autonomous targeting and penetration of intelligent robots with in situ T‐cell immunoactivation, and holds considerable promise for precision navigation and cancer immunotherapies.
Enhancing the Stability of a Pt‐Free ORR Catalyst via Reaction Intermediates
Authors: Helsel Naomi , Choudhury Pabitra 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFinding a platinum‐free cathode catalyst that effectively models the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) of a proton‐exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell cathode better than the current commercial Pt/C catalyst has been a major shortcoming in fuel cell technology. Overall, a promising platinum‐free cathode catalyst must offer great ORR activity, ORR selectivity, and acid stability. Due to their enticing ORR activity and selectivity to the preferred four‐electron ORR pathway, the possible dissolution reactions and oxygen‐intermediate reactions of iron phthalocyanine monolayer supported on a pristine graphene (GFePc) and boron‐doped graphene substrate (BGFePc) have been studied to determine the stability as a function of potential and pH through spin‐polarized density functional theory (DFT) calculations at both infinitesimally low (10−9 m) and 1 m Fe2+/Fe3+ ionic concentrations. BGFePc offers higher stability in both concentrations than GFePc. In both cases, the oxygen‐intermediates are more stable than the bare catalytic surface due to the metal d‐band center shifting further away from the Fermi level in the valence band state (higher energy of antibonding). Moreover, at an Fe2+ ionic concentration, both catalysts would be stable in the potential and pH regions at the operating conditions of rotating disk electrode (RDE) experiments and PEM fuel cells.
High‐Performance Stretchable Thermoelectric Generator for Self‐Powered Wearable Electronics
Authors: Fan Wusheng , An Zijian , Liu Feng , Gao Ziheng , Zhang Min , Fu Chenguang , Zhu Tiejun , Liu Qingjun , Zhao Xinbing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWearable thermoelectric generators (TEGs), which can convert human body heat to electricity, provide a promising solution for self‐powered wearable electronics. However, their power densities still need to be improved aiming at broad practical applications. Here, a stretchable TEG that achieves comfortable wearability and outstanding output performance simultaneously is reported. When worn on the forehead at an ambient temperature of 15 °C, the stretchable TEG exhibits excellent power densities with a maximum value of 13.8 µW cm−2 under the breezeless condition, and even as high as 71.8 µW cm−2 at an air speed of 2 m s−1, being one of the highest values for wearable TEGs. Furthermore, this study demonstrates that this stretchable TEG can effectively power a commercial light‐emitting diode and stably drive an electrocardiogram module in real‐time without the assistance of any additional power supply. These results highlight the great potential of these stretchable TEGs for power generation applications.
Intrinsically Nonswellable Multifunctional Hydrogel with Dynamic Nanoconfinement Networks for Robust Tissue‐Adaptable Bioelectronics
Authors: Park Jae , Kim Ju Yeon , Heo Jeong Hyun , Kim Yeonju , Kim Soo A , Park Kijun , Lee Yeontaek , Jin Yoonhee , Shin Su Ryon , Kim Dae Woo , Seo Jungmok 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDeveloping bioelectronics that retains their long‐term functionalities in the human body during daily activities is a current critical issue. To accomplish this, robust tissue adaptability and biointerfacing of bioelectronics should be achieved. Hydrogels have emerged as promising materials for bioelectronics that can softly adapt to and interface with tissues. However, hydrogels lack toughness, requisite electrical properties, and fabrication methodologies. Additionally, the water‐swellable property of hydrogels weakens their mechanical properties. In this work, an intrinsically nonswellable multifunctional hydrogel exhibiting tissue‐like moduli ranging from 10 to 100 kPa, toughness (400–873 J m−3), stretchability (≈1000% strain), and rapid self‐healing ability (within 5 min), is developed. The incorporation of carboxyl‐ and hydroxyl‐functionalized carbon nanotubes (fCNTs) ensures high conductivity of the hydrogel (≈40 S m−1), which can be maintained and recovered even after stretching or rupture. After a simple chemical modification, the hydrogel shows tissue‐adhesive properties (≈50 kPa) against the target tissues. Moreover, the hydrogel can be 3D printed with a high resolution (≈100 µm) through heat treatment owing to its shear‐thinning capacity, endowing it with fabrication versatility. The hydrogel is successfully applied to underwater electromyography (EMG) detection and ex vivo bladder expansion monitoring, demonstrating its potential for practical bioelectronics.
12 µm‐Thick Sintered Garnet Ceramic Skeleton Enabling High‐Energy‐Density Solid‐State Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Bao Chengshuai , Zheng Chujun , Wu Meifen , Zhang Yan , Jin Jun , Chen Huan , Wen Zhaoyin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractUltrathin composite solid‐state electrolytes (CSSEs) demonstrate great promise in high‐energy‐density solid‐state batteries due to their ultrathin thickness and good adaptability to lithium metal anodes. However, uncontrolled dendrite growth and performance deterioration caused by the aggregation of inorganic powder restrict the practical application of ultrathin CSSEs. Herein, a flexible, self‐supporting Li6.5La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12 (LLZO) ceramic skeleton is prepared by the tape‐casting method. Subsequently, a 12 µm‐thick CSSE with a 3D interconnection structure is achieved through in situ UV curing of ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate (ETPTA) in a ceramic skeleton (CS‐CSSE). This design includes a sintered LLZO ceramic, which can avoid the uneven distribution of the inorganic phase and regulate ion migration. Meanwhile, the cross‐linked ETPTA polymer electrolyte contributes to lower interfacial impedance. In addition, the continuous two‐phase interface can also provide a fast transmission channel for Li+. As a result, CS‐CSSE demonstrates superior Li+ transference number (0.83) and ionic conductivity (1.19 × 10‐3 S cm‐1) at 25 °C. As‐prepared Li|LiNi0.83Co0.12Mn0.05O2 batteries exhibit high discharge specific capacities of 185.4 mAh g‐1 at 0.1 C and average coulombic efficiency greater than 99%. The pouch cells exhibit high energy densities of 376 Wh Kg‐1 and 1186 Wh L‐1. This work provides new insights into the application of ceramics to high‐energy‐density solid‐state batteries.
Farmers' willingness to invest in mechanized maize shelling and potential financial benefits: Evidence from Tanzania
Authors: Kotu Bekele Hundie , Manda Julius , Mutungi Christopher , Fischer Gundula , Gaspar Audifas 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSub‐Saharan Africa has the least mechanized agriculture in the world due to various reasons including low effective demand at farm level, low policy attention, and ineffective mechanization strategies. However, the situation has changed since recently in favor of mechanization while limited empirical evidence is available on how mechanization can be enhanced among smallholder farmers. In this study, we explore farmers' willingness to invest in mechanization services by considering the group business model (GBM) and the individual business model (IBM) of mechanized maize shelling in Tanzania. Moreover, we analyze the potential financial benefit for those farmers who would like to invest in mechanized maize shelling. We use data mainly collected through a household survey and apply econometric and mathematical models for analysis. The results show that about 65% of the sample farmers are willing to invest in mechanized maize shelling within the GBM, while about 10% of them would like to do so within the IBM. Moreover, the results show that investment in mechanized maize shelling is profitable considering both small‐scale (4 and 7 HP engine capacity) machines and medium‐scale (16 and 20 HP engine capacity) machines. The results show that expanding agricultural mechanization in Tanzania through investments coming from smallholder farmers, as also experienced elsewhere, is possible while they suggest that policy instruments such as targeted loan programs, entrepreneurial and technical trainings, and smart subsidies or tax exemptions are important to encourage and enable smallholder farmers to participate in the mechanization supply chain. [EconLit Citations: Q120, Q130, D250].
Nepantleras‐in‐training: Using testimonios to unravel the tensions and transformative moments of YPAR
Authors: Silva Janelle M. , Gatas Las 
Published: February 2023

AbstractYouth Participatory Action Research (YPAR) classrooms can work to shift the dialog and structure of schools to better fit the needs of students and disrupt dominant narratives that have marginalized students of Color. As scholars have shown, this work is not devoid of tensions. This paper examines the tensions that arose during the first 2 years of a high school PAR class. Written from the perspective of the 23 students in Soy Yo, the students usetestimoniosto narrate their collective experience as they analyze three tensions that could have ended Soy Yo and their YPAR project before it began. As a decolonial method, testimonios allow students to reclaim their stories by shedding light on their struggles, tensions, and transformative moments that adult collaborators might overlook. These testimonios illustrate the potential for YPAR classrooms to becoming athird spacethat allows for campus change and personal transformation. The paper concludes with lessons learned for future scholars and educators to explore.
Deacylative Thiolation by Redox‐Neutral Aromatization‐Driven C−C Fragmentation of Ketones
Authors: Zhou Xukai , Pyle Daniel , Zhang Zining , Dong Guangbin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHerein we report the development of deacylative thiolation of diverse methyl ketones. The reaction is redox‐neutral, and heavy‐metal‐free, which provides a new way to introduce thioether groups site‐specifically to unactivated aliphatic positions. It also features excellent functional group tolerance and broad substrate scope, thus allowing late‐stage derivatization. The process benefits from efficient condensation between the activation reagent and ketone substrates, which triggers aromatization‐driven C−C fragmentation and rapid radical coupling with thiosulfonates. Experimental and computational mechanistic studies suggest the involvement of a radical chain pathway.
Mechanical recycling of PLA: Effect of weathering, extrusion cycles, and chain extender
Authors: Ramos‐Hernández Tomás , Robledo‐Ortíz Jorge Ramón , González‐López Martín Esteban , del Campo Alan Salvador Martín , González‐Núñez Rubén , Rodrigue Denis , Pérez Fonseca Aida Alejandra 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis work evaluated the reprocessing of PLA with a high melt flow index (MFI). PLA samples were prepared by extrusion using a chain extender (Joncryl ADR‐4368) and subjected to two additional extrusion cycles with or without exposure to accelerated weathering. The results showed drastic affectations of PLA properties by weathering. The MFI increased from 65 to 137 g/10 min by reprocessing, while reprocessed and weathered samples reached a MFI of 417 g/10 min after three extrusion cycles. The addition of Joncryl prevented PLA degradation (MFI of 170 g/10 min after three extrusion cycles, even when weathering was performed). Additionally, the tensile strengths of weathered samples were substantially decreased (67%) compared to only reprocessed samples (14%). In this sense, PLA mechanical recycling is a good alternative if it is not exposed to harsh weathering conditions, in which case a chain extender is needed to get reasonable properties. Otherwise, reprocessing accelerated the composting of PLA, and the chain extender addition did not limit it.