bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modified Valsalva maneuver after burr-hole drainage of chronic subdural hematomas: A single-center cohort study
Authors: Zeng Lang , Yu Jiasheng , Chen Rudong , Yang Hongkuan , Li Hua , Zeng Lingcheng , Wang Junhong , Xu Weidong , Hu Shengqi , Chen Kun 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundPrevious studies on the management of chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) mainly focused on the risk of postoperative recurrence and measures to prevent it. In this study, we propose the use of a non-invasive postoperative treatment method, the modified Valsalva maneuver (MVM), as a means of reducing the recurrence of cSDH. This study aims to clarify the effects of MVM on functional outcomes and recurrence rates.MethodsA prospective study was conducted at the Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from November 2016 to December 2020. The study included 285 adult patients who underwent burr-hole drainage for the treatment of cSDH and received subdural drains. These patients were divided into two groups: the MVM group (n = 117) and the control group (n = 98). In the MVM group, patients received treatment with a customized MVM device for at least 10 times per hour, 12 h per day. The study's primary endpoint was the recurrence rate of SDH, while functional outcomes and morbidity 3 months after surgery were the secondary outcomes.ResultsIn the current study, 9 out of 117 patients (7.7%) in the MVM group experienced a recurrence of SDH, while 19 out of 98 patients (19.4%, p &lt; 0.05) in the HC group experienced a recurrence of SDH. Additionally, the infection rate of diseases such as pneumonia (1.7%) was significantly lower in the MVM group compared to the HC group (9.2%, p &lt; 0.001, odds ratio (OR = 0.1). After 3 months of the surgery, 109 out of 117 patients (93.2%) in the MVM group achieved a favorable prognosis, compared to 80 out of 98 patients (81.6%) in the HC group (p = 0.008, with an OR of 2.9). Additionally, infection rate (with an OR of 0.2) and age (with an OR of 0.9) are independent predictors of a favorable prognosis at the follow-up stage.ConclusionsThe use of MVM in the postoperative management of cSDHs has been shown to be safe and effective, resulting in reduced rates of cSDH recurrence and infection following burr-hole drainage. These findings suggest that MVM treatment may lead to a more favorable prognosis at the follow-up stage.
Prognostic factors of traumatic optic neuropathy based on multimodal analysis—Especially the influence of postoperative dressing change and optic nerve blood supply on prognosis
Authors: Liu Xueru , Wang Jing , Zhang Wenyue , Li Lunhao , Zhang Leilei , Xiao Caiwen 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveTo investigate the critical prognostic factors of patients with traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) treated with endoscopic transnasal optic canal decompression (ETOCD) and to perform multimodal analysis based on imaging examinations of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and CT scan. Subsequently, a new prediction model was established.MethodsThe clinical data of 76 patients with TON who underwent decompression surgery with the endoscope-navigation system in the Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital from January 2018 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical data included demographic characteristics, reasons for injury, interval between injury and surgery, multimode imaging information of CT scan and OCTA, including orbital fracture, optical canal fractures, vessel density of optic disc and macula, and the times of postoperative dressing change. Binary logistic regression was used to establish a model for best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) after treatment as a predictor of TON outcome.ResultsPostoperative BCVA improved in 60.5% (46/76) patients and did not improve in 39.5% (30/76) patients. The times of postoperative dressing change had a significant impact on the prognosis. Other factors affecting the prognosis were microvessel density of the central optic disc, the cause of injury, and the microvessel density above the macula. The area under the raw current curves of the predictive model was 0.7596.ConclusionsThe times of dressing changes after the operation, i.e., continuous treatment, is the key factor affecting prognosis. The microvessel density in the center of the optic disc and superior macula, quantitatively analyzed by OCTA, is the prognostic factor of TON and may be used as a prognostic marker of TON.
Network pharmacology integrated with experimental validation to explore the therapeutic role and potential mechanism of Epimedium for spinal cord injury
Authors: Fu Xuanhao , Ma Boyuan , Zhou Mengmeng , Cheng Yuelin , Liu Linyan , Kan Shunli , Liu Chengjiang , Zhao Xinyan , Feng Sa , Zhu Haoqiang , Hu Wei , Jiang Zehua , Zhu Rusen 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveEpimedium (EPI) is a common Chinese herb with neuroprotective effects against a variety of central nervous system disorders, especially spinal cord injury (SCI). In this study, we performed network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses to reveal the mechanism underlying EPI treatment of SCI, then validated its efficacy using animal models.MethodsThe active ingredients and targets of EPI were screened by Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) and their targets annotated on the UniProt platform. SCI-related targets were searched from OMIM, TTD, and GeneCards databases. We employed the STRING platform to construct a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network then visualized the results using Cytoscape (3.8.2) software. We also subjected key EPI targets to ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses, then docked the main active ingredients with the key targets. Finally, we established an SCI rat model to evaluate efficacy of EPI in treating SCI and validate the effects of different biofunctional modules predicted by network pharmacology.ResultsA total of 133 EPI targets were associated with SCI. GO terms and KEGG pathway enrichment results showed that EPI’s effect in treating SCI was significantly associated with inflammatory response, oxidative stress and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Molecular docking results indicated that EPI’s active ingredients have a high affinity for the key targets. Results from animal experiments revealed that EPI not only markedly improved Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan scores in SCI rats, but also significantly improved p-PI3K/PI3K and p-AKT/AKT ratio. Moreover, EPI treatment not only mediated a significant decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) but also increased both superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH). However, this phenomenon was successfully reversed by LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor.ConclusionEPI improves behavioral performance in SCI rats through anti-oxidative stress, which may be mediated by activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Baseline splenic volume as a biomarker for clinical outcome and circulating lymphocyte count in gastric cancer
Authors: Zeng Ziyang , Liu Zhen , Li Jie , Sun Juan , Ma Mingwei , Ye Xin , Yu Jianchun , Kang Weiming 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundThe spleen is the largest peripheral lymphoid organ in the body. Studies have implicated the spleen in the development of cancer. However, it is unknown whether splenic volume (SV) is associated with the clinical outcome of gastric cancer.MethodsData of gastric cancer patients treated with surgical resection were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into three groups: underweight, normal-weight and overweight. Overall survival was compared in patients with high and low splenic volume. The correlation between splenic volume and peripheral immune cells were analyzed.ResultsOf 541 patients, 71.2% were male and the median age was 60. Underweight, normal-weight and overweight patients accounted for 5.4%, 62.3% and 32.3%, respectively. High splenic volume was associated with unfavorable prognosis across the three groups. In addition, the increase of splenic volume during neoadjuvant chemotherapy was not associated with prognosis. The baseline splenic volume was negatively correlated with lymphocytes (r=-0.21, p&lt;0.001) and positively correlated with NLR (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio) (r=0.24, p&lt;0.001). In a group of patients (n=56), splenic volume was found to have negative correlation with CD4+T cells (r=-0.27, p=0.041) and NK cells (r=-0.30, p=0.025).ConclusionsThe presence of high splenic volume is a biomarker of unfavorable prognosis and reduced circulating lymphocytes in gastric cancer.
A new immune signature for survival prediction and immune checkpoint molecules in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Han Shuai , Jiang Dongjie , Zhang Feng , Li Kun , Jiao Kun , Hu Jingyun , Song Haihan , Ma Qin-Yun , Wang Jian 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundImmune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has brought remarkable clinical benefits to patients with advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). However, the prognosis remains largely variable.MethodsThe profiles of immune-related genes for patients with NSCLC were extracted from TCGA database, ImmPort dataset, and IMGT/GENE-DB database. Coexpression modules were constructed using WGCNA and 4 modules were identified. The hub genes of the module with the highest correlations with tumor samples were identified. Then integrative bioinformatics analyses were performed to unveil the hub genes participating in tumor progression and cancer-associated immunology of NSCLC. Cox regression and Lasso regression analyses were conducted to screen prognostic signature and to develop a risk model.ResultsFunctional analysis showed that immune-related hub genes were involved in the migration, activation, response, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction of immune cells. Most of the hub genes had a high frequency of gene amplifications. MASP1 and SEMA5A presented the highest mutation rate. The ratio of M2 macrophages and naïve B cells revealed a strong negative association while the ratio of CD8 T cells and activated CD4 memory T cells showed a strong positive association. Resting mast cells predicted superior overall survival. Interactions including protein–protein, lncRNA and transcription factor interactions were analyzed and 9 genes were selected by LASSO regression analysis to construct and verify a prognostic signature. Unsupervised hub genes clustering resulted in 2 distinct NSCLC subgroups. The TIDE score and the drug sensitivity of gemcitabine, cisplatin, docetaxel, erlotinib and paclitaxel were significantly different between the 2 immune-related hub gene subgroups.ConclusionsThese findings suggested that our immune-related genes can provide clinical guidance for the diagnosis and prognosis of different immunophenotypes and facilitate the management of immunotherapy in NSCLC.
Characteristics of drug safety alerts issued by the Spanish Medicines Agency
Authors: Montané Eva , Santesmases Javier 
Published: January 2023

Objectives: To describe the characteristics of safety alerts issued by the Spanish Medicines Agency (AEMPS) and the Spanish Pharmacovigilance System over a 7-year period and the regulatory actions they generated.Methods: A retrospective analysis was carried out of drug safety alerts published on the AEMPS website from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2019. Alerts that were not drug-related or were addressed to patients rather than healthcare professionals were excluded.Results: During the study period, 126 safety alerts were issued, 12 of which were excluded because they were not related to drugs or were addressed to patients and 22 others were excluded as they were duplications of previous alerts. The remaining 92 alerts reported 147 adverse drug reactions (ADRs) involving 84 drugs. The most frequent source of information triggering a safety alert was spontaneous reporting (32.6%). Four alerts (4.3%) specifically addressed health issues related to children. ADRs were considered serious in 85.9% of the alerts. The most frequent ADRs were hepatitis (seven alerts) and congenital malformations (five alerts), and the most frequent drug classes were antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents (23%). Regarding the drugs involved, 22 (26.2%) were “under additional monitoring.” Regulatory actions induced changes in the Summary of Product Characteristics in 44.6% of alerts, and in eight cases (8.7%), the alert led to withdrawal from the market of medicines with an unfavorable benefit/risk ratio.Conclusion: This study provides an overview of drug safety alerts issued by the Spanish Medicines Agency over a 7-year period and highlights the contribution of spontaneous reporting of ADRs and the need to assess safety throughout the lifecycle of medicines.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi affect the expression of PxNHX gene family, improve photosynthesis and promote Populus simonii×P. nigra growth under saline-alkali stress
Authors: Dong Fengxin , Wang Yihan , Tao Jing , Xu Tingying , Tang Ming 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionSaline-alkali stress seriously endangers the normal growth of Populus simonii×P. nigra. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can enhance the saline-alkali tolerance of plants by establishing a symbiotic relationship with them.MethodsIn this study, a pot experiment was conducted to simulate a saline-alkali environment where Populus simonii×P. nigra were inoculated with Funneliformis mosseae to explore their effects on the saline-alkali tolerance of Populus simonii×P. nigra.Results and DiscussionOur results show that a total of 8 NHX gene family members are identified in Populus simonii×P. nigra. F. mosseae regulate the distribution of Na+ by inducing the expression of PxNHXs. The pH value of poplar rhizosphere soil is reduced, result in the promote absorption of Na+ by poplar, that ultimately improved the soil environment. Under saline-alkali stress, F. mosseae improve the chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic parameters of poplar, promote the absorption of water, K+ and Ca2+, thus increase the plant height and fresh weight of aboveground parts, and promote the growth of poplar. Our results provide a theoretical basis for further exploring the application of AM fungi to improve the saline-alkali tolerance of plants.
Prevalence and correlates of dyslipidemia in first-episode and drug-naïve major depressive disorder patients with comorbid abnormal glucose metabolism: Sex differences
Authors: Zhu Quanfeng , Zheng Yali , Lang XiaoE , Fu Zhengchuang , Zhang Peng , Jiang Guojun , Zhang Xiangyang 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundLipid metabolism is associated with glucose metabolism, but whether there are variations between sexes in risk factors and prevalence of abnormal lipid metabolism in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients with glucose metabolism abnormalities remains ambiguous. In the present study, the frequency and risk factors of dyslipidemia in first-episode and drug-naïve (FEDN) MDD patients with dysglycemia were examined according to sex.MethodsOne thousand seven hundred and eighteen FEDN MDD patients were recruited and their demographic data, clinical data, various biochemical indicators and scale assessment scores including 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-17), 14-item Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA-14), and positive subscale of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) were collected.ResultsThe prevalence of abnormal lipid metabolism in both male and female MDD patients with abnormal glucose metabolism was higher than that in patients without abnormal glucose metabolism. Among male MDD patients with abnormal glucose metabolism, TC was positively correlated with HAMD score, TSH and TgAb levels, but negatively correlated with PANSS positive subscale scores. LDL-C was positively correlated with TSH and BMI, but negatively correlated with PANSS positive subscale scores. HDL-C was negatively correlated with TSH levels. Among females, TC was positively correlated with HAMD score, TSH, and BMI, but negatively correlated with PANSS positive subscale score. LDL-C was positively correlated with HADM score and negatively correlated with FT3 level. HDL-C was negatively correlated with TSH and BMI levels.ConclusionThere are sex differences in the correlated factors of lipid markers in MDD patients with impaired glucose.
Lower adherence to a prudent dietary pattern is associated with earlier age at menarche in adolescents from the Growth and Obesity Chilean Cohort Study
Authors: Martínez-Arroyo Angela , Cantor Erika , Fisberg Regina Mara , Corvalán Camila 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionEarly menarche is associated with obesity, and metabolic and mental health risks, among other diseases. Thus, it is relevant to identify modifiable risk factors of early menarche. Some nutrients and foods have been linked to pubertal timing, but how menarche relates to overall dietary patterns is unclear.MethodsThe aim of this study was to analyze the association between dietary patterns and age at menarche in a prospective cohort of Chilean girls from low and middle-income families. We conducted a survival analysis of 215 girls (median = 12.7 years, IQR = 12.2–13.2) from the Growth and Obesity Cohort Study (GOCS) who had been followed prospectively since 4 years of age (2006). Age at menarche and anthropometric measurements were recorded every 6 months since 7 years of age while diet (24-hour dietary recall) was collected for 11 years. Dietary patterns were obtained from exploratory factor analysis. Accelerated Failure Time models adjusted for potential confounding variables were used to study the association between dietary patterns and age at menarche.ResultsGirls' median age at menarche was 12.7 years. Three dietary patterns were identified: “Breakfast/Light Dinner,” “Prudent” and “Snacking” which explained 19.5% of the diet variation. Girls in the lowest tertile of the “Prudent” pattern had menarche 3 months earlier than girls in the highest tertile (β: 0.022; 95% CI: 0.003; 0.041). “Breakfast/Light Dinner” and “Snacking” patterns were not associated with age at menarche.ConclusionOur results suggest that healthier dietary patterns during puberty might be associated with menarche timing. Nevertheless, further studies are required to confirm this result and to clarify the association between diet and puberty.
Associations of COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy with adverse neonatal and maternal outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ding Cailin , Liu Yakun , Pang Wenbo , Zhang Dan , Wang Kai , Chen Yajun 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesThe low COVID-19 vaccine uptake rate among pregnant women is mainly due to safety concerns about COVID-19 vaccines due to limited safety evidence. Our goal was to evaluate the safety of COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy with up-to-date evidence.MethodsA comprehensive search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and clinicaltrials.gov was performed on April 5th, 2022, and updated on May 25th, 2022. Studies evaluating the association of COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes were included. Two reviewers independently performed the risk of bias assessment and data extraction. Inverse variance random effect meta-analyses were performed to pool outcome data.ResultsForty-three observational studies were included. COVID-19 vaccination [96,384 (73.9%) BNT162b2, 30,889 (23.7%) mRNA-1273, and 3,172 (2.4%) other types] during pregnancy [23,721 (18.3%) in the first trimester, 52,778 (40.5%) in the second trimester, and 53,886 (41.2%) in the third trimester].was associated with reduced risks of stillbirth or neonatal death (OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.60–0.92). Sensitivity analysis restricted to studies in participants without COVID-19 showed that the pooled effect was not robust. COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy was not associated with congenital anomalies (OR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.63–1.08), preterm birth (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.90–1.06), NICU admission or hospitalization (OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.84–1.04), an Apgar score at 5 min &lt;7 (OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.86–1.01), low birth weight (OR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.88–1.14), miscarriage (OR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.88–1.11), cesarean delivery (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.96–1.19), or postpartum hemorrhage (OR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.81–1.01).ConclusionsCOVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy was not associated with any of the adverse neonatal or maternal outcomes studied. Interpretation of study findings is limited by the types and timing of vaccination. The vaccinations in our study received during pregnancy were primarily mRNA vaccines administered in the second and third trimester. Future RCTs and meta-analysis are warranted to evaluate the efficacy and long-term effects of the COVID-19 vaccines.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022322525, identifier: PROSPERO, CRD42022322525.
Six-week grit training course reduces school bullying: A quasi-experimental study
Authors: Wang Lei , Chen Qianqian , Peng Zhenzhen , Ye Caixia , Zhou Xinyi 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveTo investigate the effectiveness of intervention programs in reducing school bullying, a 6-week series of grit training courses was designed and developed.MethodsUsing a quasi-experimental design, 163 middle school students were selected as the experimental group and 201 middle school students as the control group to test the implementation effect of the grit training course.ResultsThe intervention program significantly reduced the traditional bullying behavior of the bullies and the traditional victimization of victims.ConclusionThe 6-week grit course has produced positive results in reducing school bullying. In the future, school-based courses with the theme of grit can be designed to achieve the purpose of preventing school bullying by improving the positive qualities of individuals.