bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gas phase multicomponent detection and analysis combining broadband dual-frequency comb absorption spectroscopy and deep learning
Authors: Tian Linbo , Xia Jinbao , Kolomenskii Alexandre A. , Schuessler Hans A. , Zhu Feng , Li Yanfeng , He Jingliang , Dong Qian , Zhang Sasa 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn absorption spectroscopy, analysis of multicomponent gas mixtures becomes challenging when absorption features overlap (blended spectra). Here we propose a gas sensor which can accurately identify the species and retrieve the concentrations of components in a gaseous mixture in a broad spectrum. The sensor integrates a mid-infrared dual-frequency comb laser source for spectrum acquisition and a deep learning algorithm for spectral analysis. The sensor was tested on gas phase mixtures of methane, acetone and water vapor. A prototype sensor was assessed in realistic scenarios in real time. We also systematically analyzed and presented explicit visualizations to explain the underlying working mechanism of the algorithms.
Assessment of the potential cerebellar toxicity of gold nanoparticles on the structure and function of adult male albino rats
Authors: Yousof Shimaa Mohammad , Erfan Horeya , Shehata Shaimaa A. , Hosny Marwa M. , El-Sayed Karima 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: The regular use of gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) may increase the likelihood of human exposure to these nanoparticles (NPs) and raises concerns about toxicity. Aim: This study investigated the short-term impact of exposure to Au-NPs on inducing cerebellar pathology in rats, and whether the dose or duration of exposure was more important. Methodology: The study used two concentrations of Au-NPs (25 and 50 particles per million) and 18 rats were randomly assigned to three groups. Assessments of the animals were done via behavioral, gene expression, histological, and immunohistochemistry analyses. Results: Both concentrations of Au-NPs caused cerebellar pathology, as assessed through the investigation test battery. The Au-NPs50 group displayed more injury and decreased mobility compared with the control and the Au-NPs25 group. The Au-NPs25 group showed an increase in supported rearing and significant up-regulation of the Rgc32 gene compared with the control. The Trkb gene was insignificantly up-regulated in both Au-NPs groups compared with the control. Conclusion: The study indicates that exposure to Au-NPs can cause cerebellar pathology in rats and that the toxicity is more dependent on dose than the duration of exposure. These findings have significant implications for the safe use of Au-NPs in various applications.
Reactive power management: Comparison of expert‐based and optimization‐based approaches for dispatcher training
Authors: Kaushal Abhimanyu , Mirowski Artur , Skwarski Mateusz , Wasilewski Jacek , Ergun Hakan , Van Hertem Dirk 
Published: August 2023

AbstractReactive power management (RPM) in electric power systems is usually based on a rule‐based control derived from the transmission system operator's (TSO) experience. This approach faces challenges as the number of decisions and the complexity of the system operation is increasing. With the increasing generation from renewables and the evolution of electricity markets, the available resources must be optimally utilized. This paper compares the optimization‐based approach (OBA) and the experience‐based expert approach (EBA) for RPM. The OBA is based on security‐constrained optimization with minimum redispatch cost as the objective function for a reference contingency. In contrast, the EBA's actions are based on the system operator's experience. Comparison is made in terms of the generator redispatch cost, active and reactive power redispatch volume, active power losses, nodal voltages, and the number of actions to ensure secure operation. The analysis using a reduced model of an actual transmission system shows that OBA is more beneficial than EBA, with up to 22% and 42% reduction in redispatch cost and volume, respectively. Moreover, the control decisions from both approaches are seen to be similar. This study aims to show the usefulness of the OBA and motivate TSOs to move towards optimization‐based reactive power management.
A novel deinterleaving method for radar pulse trains using pulse descriptor word dot matrix images and cascade‐recurrent loop network
Authors: Chen Tao , Liu Yuning , Guo Limin , Lei Yu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTraditional signal deinterleaving methods depend on preset parameters, use complicated steps and have limitations in handling complex electromagnetic environments where signals overlap in the space, time and frequency domains. This paper presents a novel approach using a deep segmentation network for radar signal deinterleaving. The pulse descriptor word data is transformed into a dot matrix image, which is then processed by a Cascade‐Recurrent Loop Network (CRLN) for segmentation. The CRLN consists of a Type Segmentation Network, an Amount Decision Network and a Recurrent Individual Segmentation Network. By recursively segmenting each target and determining the number of sources, the CRLN overcomes the challenges posed by the discontinuity and high overlap of individuals in the dot matrix image. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, surpassing traditional deinterleaving methods, achieving high accuracy, low omission rate and effectively mitigates the increasing batch problem in complex scenarios. The experiments conducted on a randomly generated dataset yielded impressive results: over 90% accuracy when dealing with pulses from 15 radars of different types, over 96% accuracy when deinterleaving pulses from 4 radar individuals of a same type and over 90% accuracy when handling 5 radars of different types with 10% pulse loss.
Restrike characteristics of vacuum circuit breaker in its opening process under DC voltage
Authors: Sun Jixing , Fan Yongzhi , Liu Jiyong , Huo Jindong , Song Sibo , Ding Yujian , Tian Yu , Wang Huili , Wu Nana 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe restrike of vacuum circuit breaker during the breaking process causes overvoltage and intensifies the insulation deterioration of high‐voltage equipment. To solve this problem, the vacuum breaker aging test method and the restrike characteristics are researched. A withstand voltage test platform of 40.5‐kV vacuum circuit breaker was established to obtain the effects of the contact spacing and loop and inrush currents of vacuum circuit breaker on the number of restrike, the wavefront steepness of the breakdown voltage, and the breakdown duration. The number of restrike during the breaking of vacuum circuit breaker decreased and the duration of the repeated‐breakdown arc increased with the increased contact spacing of vacuum circuit breaker. As the loop current of the test system increased, the number of restrike during the breaking of vacuum circuit breaker, the wavefront steepness of the breakdown voltage, and the duration of the restrike arc increased. As the inrush current amplitude increased during the closing of vacuum circuit breaker, the number of restrike and the duration of the repeated‐breakdown arc during the breaking of vacuum circuit breaker increased. The results provide a theoretical basis and data support for the preventive test of 40.5‐kV vacuum circuit breaker and the optimization of the withstand voltage test.
Simple low power‐delay‐product parallel signed multiplier design using radix‐8 structure with efficient partial product reduction
Authors: Boppana Naga Venkata Vijaya Krishna , Ren Saiyu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe continued quest for finding a low‐power and high‐performance hardware algorithm for signed number multiplication led to designing a simple and novel radix‐8 signed number multiplier with 3‐bit grouping and partial product reduction performed using magnitudes of the multiplicand and the multiplier. The pre‐computation stage constitutes magnitude calculation and non‐trivial computations required to generate partial products. A new partial product reduction strategy is deployed in the design to improve the speed with low cost. 8×8, 16×16, 32×32, and 64×64 designs are presented for the proposed architectures. Performance results include area, power, delay, and power‐delay‐product of synthesized and post‐layout designs using 32 nm CMOS technology with 1.05 V supply voltage.
Effects of the centrifugal force in stellar dynamo simulations
Authors: Navarrete Felipe H. , Käpylä Petri J. , Schleicher Dominik R. G. , Banerjee Robi 
Published: August 2023

Context.The centrifugal force is often omitted from simulations of stellar convection either for numerical reasons or because it is assumed to be weak compared to the gravitational force. However, the centrifugal force might be an important factor in rapidly rotating stars, such as solar analogs, due to its Ω2scaling, where Ω is the rotation rate of the star.Aims.We study the effects of the centrifugal force in a set of 21 semi-global stellar dynamo simulations with varying rotation rates. Included in the set are three control runs aimed at distinguishing the effects of the centrifugal force from the nonlinear evolution of the solutions.Methods.We solved the 3D magnetohydrodynamic equations with the PENCILCODEin a solar-like convective zone in a spherical wedge setup with a 2πazimuthal extent. The rotation rate and the amplitude of the centrifugal force were varied. We decomposed the magnetic field into spherical harmonics and studied the migration of azimuthal dynamo waves (ADWs), the energy of different large-scale magnetic modes, and differential rotation.Results.In the regime with the lowest rotation rates, Ω = 5 − 10 Ω⊙, where Ω⊙is the rotation rate of the Sun, we see no marked changes in either the differential rotation or the magnetic field properties. For intermediate rotation, Ω = 20 − 25 Ω⊙, we identify an increase in the differential rotation as a function of centrifugal force. The axisymmetric magnetic energy tends to decrease with centrifugal force, while the non-axisymmetric one increases. The ADWs are also affected, especially in the propagation direction. In the most rapidly rotating set with Ω = 30 Ω⊙, these changes are more pronounced, and in one case the propagation direction of the ADW changes from prograde to retrograde. The control runs suggest that the results are a consequence of the centrifugal force and not due to the details of the initial conditions or the history of the run.Conclusions.We find that the differential rotation and properties of the ADWs only change as a function of the centrifugal force when rotation is rapid enough.
Asymmetries of frequency splittings of dipolar mixed modes: A window on the topology of deep magnetic fields
Authors: Mathis S. , Bugnet L. 
Published: August 2023

Context. Space asteroseismology is revolutionizing our knowledge of the internal structure and dynamics of stars. A breakthrough is ongoing with the recent discoveries of signatures of strong magnetic fields in the core of red giant stars. The key signature for such a detection is the asymmetry these fields induce in the frequency splittings of observed dipolar mixed gravito-acoustic modes.
Aims. We investigate the ability of the observed asymmetries of the frequency splittings of dipolar mixed modes to constrain the geometrical properties of deep magnetic fields.
Methods. We used the powerful analytical Racah-Wigner algebra used in quantum mechanics to characterize the geometrical couplings of dipolar mixed oscillation modes with various realistically plausible topologies of fossil magnetic fields. We also computed the induced perturbation of their frequencies.
Results. First, in the case of an oblique magnetic dipole, we provide the exact analytical expression of the asymmetry as a function of the angle between the rotation and magnetic axes. Its value provides a direct measure of this angle. Second, considering a combination of axisymmetric dipolar and quadrupolar fields, we show how the asymmetry is blind to the unraveling of the relative strength and sign of each component. Finally, in the case of a given multipole, we show that a negative asymmetry is a signature of non-axisymmetric topologies.
Conclusions. Asymmetries of dipolar mixed modes provide a key bit of information on the geometrical topology of deep fossil magnetic fields, but this is insufficient on its own. Asteroseismic constraints should therefore be combined with spectropolarimetric observations and numerical simulations, which aim to predict the more probable stable large-scale geometries.
Das Münsteraner Konzept zur Therapie der ektodermalen
Dysplasien im Kontext der wissenschaftlichen Literatur
Authors: Schmid J. Q. , Stamm T. , Middelberg C. , Oelerich O. , Hanisch M. , Hohoff A. 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungDie genetischen Ursachen und klinischen Erscheinungsformen der ektodermalen
Dysplasien (ED) sind äußerst heterogen. Aus zahnmedizinischer
Sicht besteht kein Konsens bezüglich des idealen Zeitpunktes der oralen
Rehabilitation. Der vorliegende Artikel gibt einen umfassenden
Literaturüberblick zum Thema ED und beschreibt das
interdisziplinäre Münsteraner Therapiekonzept aus
kieferorthopädischer, prothetischer und implantologischer Sicht.
Does a Nonreassuring Fetal Heart Rate Pattern Impair Renal Function in Neonates Prenatally Diagnosed with Congenital Anomalies of the Kidneys and Urinary Tract?
Authors: Borovitz Yael , Allon Ayelet , Lopian Miriam , Gilboa Yinon , Perlman Sharon 
Published: August 2023

Objective This study aimed to determine the effect of nonreassuring fetal heart rate (NRFHR) patterns in labor on the postnatal renal function of neonates with a prenatal diagnosis of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT).
Study Design A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a single tertiary referral center between 2012 and 2020. All cases with a prenatal diagnosis of CAKUT were extracted, and their fetal, maternal, obstetrical, and neonatal characteristics were analyzed. Cases of multiple gestations, preterm delivery, small for gestational age, major associated malformations or genetic aberrations, and prelabor acute obstetrical events were excluded from the analysis. The study group was comprised of patients who experienced NRFHR during labor. The control groups included (1) patients who had a trial of labor with a normal fetal heart rate pattern and (2) patients who delivered by elective cesarean section (CS). The primary outcome was abnormal serum creatinine levels in the perinatal period. For statistical purposes, the CAKUT cases were classified into a low and high estimated risk for an abnormal postnatal renal outcome. A subgroup analysis of the results was performed accordingly.
Results Two hundred and fifty-six fetuses diagnosed prenatally with CAKUT comprised the study group. Among these, 214 women (83%) opted for a labor trial, while 42 (17%) chose elective CS. Within the labor trial group, 21/214 patients (9.8%) experienced NRFHR during labor. Analysis of maternal and fetal characteristics revealed no statistically significant disparities between the groups. NRFHR patterns were not associated with a deterioration in neonatal serum creatinine compared with those with normal fetal monitoring or those born by an elective CS.
Conclusion NRFHR patterns during labor and delivery did not impair neonatal renal function status in fetuses diagnosed prenatally with low- and high-risk CAKUT. Delivery can be managed according to standard obstetrical guidelines.
Key Points
Perinatal Cannabis Use and Cannabis Use during Breastfeeding: the Role of Health Care Workers
Authors: Bhatia Devika , Rosenberg Sophie , Rees Rebecca , Brooks-Russell Ashley 
Published: August 2023

Objective This study aimed to estimate the proportion of perinatal women reporting a health care worker (HCW) discussed cannabis use during pregnancy or breastfeeding with them and to evaluate the association between HCWs' discussions and perinatal cannabis use and cannabis use while breastfeeding.
Study Design Data from Health eMoms (a longitudinal, state-representative survey of Colorado mothers, collected from 2018 to 2020 [n = 3,193]) were utilized in logistic regressions assessing the relationship between HCW discussions about cannabis and perinatal cannabis use and cannabis use while breastfeeding at two time points postpartum, adjusting for sociodemographic factors.
Results A total of 5.8% of the sample reported cannabis use either during their most recent pregnancy or while breastfeeding at 3 to 6 months' postpartum. A total of 67.8% of the sample reported an HCW-discussed cannabis at prenatal visits. Women reporting perinatal use were more likely to report HCW discussing cannabis compared with nonusers (82.2 vs. 65.3%, p < 0.01). There was not a significant association between HCW discussions and cannabis use while breastfeeding at either time point postpartum. Compared with nonusers, women using perinatally were more likely to report cannabis Web sites (28.9 vs. 6.5%), cannabis stores (15.7 vs. 3.8%), or word-of-mouth (28.4 vs. 17.1%) as trusted sources of cannabis-related information.
Conclusion HCW discussions about cannabis use during pregnancy or breastfeeding are not universally reported. This study highlights the need for further encouragement of universal HCW discussions of cannabis use during pregnancy and breastfeeding, strengthening of messaging around cannabis use during these periods, and improved delivery of reliable cannabis-related health information to this population.
Key Points
Time to Completion of Two-Step Screening for Gestational Diabetes and Adverse Outcomes
Authors: Nazeer Sarah A. , Chen Han-Yang , Cornthwaite Joycelyn A. , Sadek Sandra , Ghorayeb Tala , Daye Nahla , Chauhan Suneet P. , Sibai Baha , Bartal Michal F. 
Published: August 2023

Objective This study aimed to ascertain whether the length of time to complete the gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) screening was associated with adverse neonatal outcomes.
Study Design This was a retrospective cohort study of singleton, nonanomalous individuals who were screened for GDM at ≥24 weeks' gestation at an academic hospital system. We compared outcomes among people who were diagnosed with GDM and completed the 3-hour glucose tolerance test (GTT) ≤14 second versus >14 days from the 1-hour glucose challenge test (GCT). The primary outcome was a composite adverse neonatal outcome of the following: large for gestational age, shoulder dystocia, birth injury, respiratory distress, hypoglycemia, or fetal/neonatal death. The secondary outcomes included several individual neonatal and maternal morbidities. Multivariable Poisson's regression models were used to evaluate the association. Adjusted relative risk (aRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.
Results Among the 313 individuals who completed the two-step screening for GDM and had an 1-hour GCT ≥ 135 mg/dL; of them, 171 (54.6%) completed the 3-hour GTT ≤14 days, 142 (45.4%) completed the 3-hour GTT > 14 days. Overall rate of the primary outcome was 44.1%. After multivariable adjustment, the risk of the primary outcome was similar between people who completed the two-step method in ≤14 versus >14 days (aRR = 1.11, 95% CI = 0.81–1.52). There was no significant difference in all secondary adverse outcomes between the two groups. Subgroup analyses, limited to people diagnosed with GDM (N = 89, 23.4%), also found similar results as the full analyses.
Conclusion Among individuals who completed the two-step screening for GDM, completion of the 3-hour GTT within ≤14 versus ≥ 14 days was not associated with an increase rate of the adverse outcomes.
Key Points
Hope after ‘the end of the world’: rethinking critique in the Anthropocene
Authors: Bargués Pol , Chandler David , Schindler Sebastian , Waldow Valerie 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMany contemporary thinkers of the Anthropocene, who attempt to articulate a non-modern and relational ontology, all too readily dismiss critical theory inherited from the Frankfurt School for being anthropocentric, failing to acknowledge certain basic similarities. Instead, this article argues that the scaffolding of Anthropocene thinking—the recognition of the origins of the contemporary condition of ‘loss of world’ and the hope of ‘living on in the ruins’—share much with earlier critical theorists’ recognition that the Holocaust necessitated a fundamental break with the past. In reading these two sets of literatures together, we suggest we can get a better grasp of the stakes involved in the contemporary crisis of critique, and in the speculative framings enabling alternative futures to come into being.
The REFUGE-ED Dialogic Co-Creation Process: working with and for REFUGE-ED children and minors
Authors: Sordé-Martí Teresa , Ghani Adnan Abdul , Almobarak Bilal , Chiappelli Tiziana , Flecha Ainhoa , Hristova Mina , Krasteva Anna , Kjellberg Fredrika , McQuillan Katie , Nixon Elizabeth , Qasemi Misbah , Serradell Olga , Aiello Emilia , Swords Lorraine , Abdulrahman Hend Talal ,   Group Authorship, representing REFUGE-ED Consortium
Published: August 2023

AbstractA growing body of literature suggests that involving end-users in intervention research, including design, implementation, and evaluation, is associated with numerous positive outcomes. These outcomes include improved intervention efficacy, sustainability, and psychological growth among collaborators. The value of this approach and the recommendation for researchers to embrace co-creation in implementation and policies have also been recognised within the EU Framework of Research Innovation. Furthermore, it has been suggested that this approach may be particularly relevant for working with individuals from marginalised groups, whose voices are often absent from research and policy discussions. However, there has been limited attention given to how co-creation unfolds in practice. In this article, we provide a review of the methodological framework implemented by the H2020 REFUGE-ED (2021–2023), which was conducted in collaboration with migrant, refugee, and asylum-seeking communities. The project implemented the 'REFUGE-ED Dialogic Co-Creation Process (RDCP)' in 46 educational settings across six European countries. Considering the need for evidence-based approaches in education and mental health and psychosocial support practices, we suggest that the RDCP has the potential for sustainability and replicability in diverse contexts.
Preparing Fearful Dogs for Vaccinations with Cooperative Care
Authors: Jones Erin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Cooperative care is connected to consent in many ways and is used to empower dogs and improve their emotional wellness. It allows our dogs to have control over handling that is often forceful and invasive. Cooperative care utilizes a two-way communication system. (1) We provide information to our dogs by teaching them how consent behaviour works and how they can use it to consent or withdraw their consent at any given time. We also teach them the sequence of events that will follow by using predictive cues that provide our dogs with information to make educated decisions. (2) It also gives humans a clear way to understand, beyond the sometimes-subtle body language dogs use to communicate, if the dog is consenting or not. In this article, the patient, Juno, demonstrates that cooperative care not only improves the emotional wellness of dogs, but it builds a relationship based on trust, and it reduces the chances of human-directed aggressive behaviours.

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