bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From Dictatorship Syndrome to False Truths: The Political Evolution of Alaa al-Aswany
Authors: Faruqi Daanish 
Published: January 2023

The majority of Egyptians are happy to be oppressed . . . They hated the revolution from the beginning because it embarrassed them in front of themselves . . . The Egyptians live in the Republic of False Truths . . . Everything in Egypt is a lie, except for the revolution. Only the revolution is true, which is why they hate it, because it shows up their corruption and their hypocrisy. (Republic, 386)Asmaa had hoped against hope, that the uprising would uplift the Egyptian people from their shackles. But as she bore the brunt of the counterrevolution's crackdown, enduring sexually humiliating virginity tests by the Egyptian state's “Apparatus”, she eventually decided that Egypt was beyond saving. By the end of Alaa al-Aswany's latest novel, The Republic of False Truths, his revolutionary heroine has decided to leave Egypt and seek exile in the UK. In her final letter to her comrade and putative love interest Mazen, she begs her confidante to follow suit, and leave Egypt as soon as he has been released from state custody. Yet even as the uprising failed to supplant dictatorship, it remains sacred in the hearts of its supporters. This is evidenced by Madany, father of the fallen revolutionary leader Khaled, who exacts his own justice by arranging a hit on the police officer who murdered his son. The revolution lives on, but only when the revolutionaries take justice into their own hands.
San Sebastián del Monte Mixtec
Authors: Cortés Félix , Mantenuto Iara , Steffman Jeremy 
Published: January 2023

San Sebastián del Monte Mixtec (SSM) (ISO:mks), also known as Tò’on Ndà’vi, is a language of the Mixtecan family, Otomanguean stock (Rensch 1976). The Mixtecan language family consists of Mixtec, Cuicatec and Trique, though Mixtec and Cuicatec are part of the same subgroup, also called Mixtecan (Josserand 1983: 99–101). SSM is part of the Mixteca Baja region of Oaxaca (Josserand 1983: 107). San Sebastián del Monte is a town in the Santo Domingo Tonalá municipality of Oaxaca State, Mexico, in the district of Huajuapan de León, 45 km southwest of Huajuapan de León (see Figure 1), with a population of approximately 2000 people (latitude: 17.677778, longitude: −98.021944).
Development of automaticity in processing L2 collocations: The roles of L1 collocational knowledge and practice condition
Authors: Jeong Hyojin , DeKeyser Robert 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study examined the development of automaticity in processing L2 collocations, and the roles of L1 collocational knowledge and practice conditions in the development process. Korean learners of English were assigned to one of two practice conditions (practice in identical or varied contexts). The learning gains for word combinations with and without equivalent counterparts in the L1 (L1-only and L2-only collocations) were assessed using response times (RTs) and coefficients of variation (CV) from a phrasal decision task. The results demonstrated that the learners in both groups showed significantly improved collocation processing for both types of items in terms of speed (RT) and automaticity (CV) over time. The RT and CV analyses indicated that both groups’ improvements in collocation processing in the later stages of learning were associated with automatization. Interestingly, L1 collocational knowledge played a facilitative role in processing speed only in the early stages of learning. No reliable evidence for the differential effects of the two types of practice conditions on developing automaticity in collocation processing was found.
Ship routing optimisation based on forecasted weather data and considering safety criteria
Authors: Kytariolou Ageliki , Themelis Nikos 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA weather routing tool is presented based on forecasted weather data along the route and considering safety aspects. The tool aims to determine the optimal path for the minimisation of the fuel oil consumption, ensuring a safe passage. It is developed in MATLAB and considers detailed ship characteristics. Specifically, ship's motions and fuel oil consumption of the main engine during a potential path are estimated. For the latter, a physics-based model for a specific vessel is developed where tools of different level of detail are utilised to calculate the various resistance components. A speed management strategy along the route is specified as well as safety criteria representing acceptable limits of ship's responses. When the set criteria and constraints have been set, a genetic algorithm is used to find the optimal route by means of ship's heading or by considering both heading and ship's power settings as variables to minimise the fuel oil consumption. The search space of the algorithm lies within a predefined envelop, but still the evolutionary optimisation approach used has no pre-assigned values to any possible candidate waypoint.
Over-expansion of right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduits during transcatheter pulmonary valve placement
Authors: Boucek Dana M. , Qureshi Athar M. , Aggarwal Varun , Spigel Zachary A. , Johnson Joyce , Gray Robert G. , Martin Mary Hunt 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectives:To determine the safety and feasibility of over-expansion of right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduits during transcatheter pulmonary valve placement.Background:Transcatheter pulmonary valve placement is an alternative to surgical pulmonary valve replacement. Traditionally, it was thought to be unsafe to expand a conduit to >110% of its original size.Methods:This retrospective cohort study from two centers includes patients with right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduits with attempted transcatheter pulmonary valve placement from 2010 to 2017. Demographic, procedural, echocardiographic and follow-up data, and complications were evaluated in control and overdilation (to >110% original conduit size) groups.Results:One hundred and seventy-two patients (51 overdilation and 121 control) had attempted transcatheter pulmonary valve placement (98% successful). The overdilation group was younger (11.2 versus 16.7 years, p < 0.001) with smaller conduits (15 versus 22 mm, p < 0.001); however, the final valve size was not significantly different (19.7 versus 20.2 mm, p = 0.2). Baseline peak echocardiographic gradient was no different (51.8 versus 55.6 mmHg, p = 0.3). Procedural complications were more frequent in overdilation (18%) than control (7%) groups (most successfully addressed during the procedure). One patient from each group required urgent surgical intervention, with no procedural mortality. Follow-up echocardiographic peak gradients were similar (24.1 versus 26 mmHg, p = 0.5).Conclusions:Over-expansion of right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduits during transcatheter pulmonary valve placement can be performed successfully. Procedural complications are more frequent with conduit overdilation, but there was no difference in the rate of life-threatening complications. There was no difference in valve function at most recent follow-up, and no difference in rate of reintervention. The long-term outcomes of transcatheter pulmonary valve placement with conduit over-expansion requires further study.
Effect of different dose regimens of everolimus in a series of neonates with giant cardiac rhabdomyomas
Authors: Babaoğlu Kadir , Başar Eviç Zeynep , Usta Emre , Yılmaz Emine Hekim , Günlemez Ayla 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEverolimus is a mTOR inhibitor that has been increasingly used in high-risk cardiac rhabdomyomas in recent years. There are questions regarding the optimal dose and duration of therapy with everolimus for cardiac rhabdomyomas. The purpose of this study was to examine retrospectively the dosage-efficacy relationship in seven babies diagnosed with rhabdomyoma treated with different everolimus dose regimens retrospectively. Cardiac rhabdomyoma diagnosis was made in six of seven babies during the prenatal period. Indication of everolimus was an obstruction in six patients and supraventricular tachycardia which is resistant to antiarrhythmic drugs in the remaining one patient. The median age was 8 days (range; 2–105 days) at the time of starting everolimus. It was administered at a dose of 0.25 mg twice a day for two days a week in four patients; 0.1 mg/day in two and 0.4 mg/day in one patient. Serum everolimus level was kept between 5 and 15 ng/ml. All seven cases showed significant regression of cardiac rhabdomyoma within four weeks, and supraventricular tachycardia was controlled in two weeks after everolimus administration.This study demonstrates that everolimus was effective in accelerating regression of the cardiac rhabdomyoma. Dose with 2 × 0,25 mg/day, 2 days a week, seems appropriate. However, lower doses such as 0.1 mg/day are also effective. But dose adjustment should be made according to serum level monitoring.
Detangling experiential, cognitive, and sociopsychological individual differences in second language speech learning: Cross-sectional and longitudinal investigations
Authors: Suzukida Yui , Saito Kazuya 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this two-part study, we conducted both cross-sectional and longitudinal investigations on the relative weights of experiential, cognitive, and sociopsychological factors in adult L2 speech learning. In the cross-sectional phase (Study 1), speech was elicited from 73 Japanese speakers of English via a picture description task, and rated for accentedness and comprehensibility. These scores were linked to scores on a range of tests designed to measure aptitude, motivation, and anxiety. The results showed that comprehensibility was exclusively linked to experiential variables (e.g., the amount of L2 use outside classrooms), while accentedness was linked to phonemic coding ability and anxiety. In the longitudinal phase (Study 2), we tracked the same participants' L2 comprehensibility and accentedness development when they received four weeks of explicit pronunciation instruction. According to the results of pre- and post-tests, participants significantly improved the comprehensibility and accentedness of their speech regardless of cognitive and sociopsychological differences.
Quantification of Global Cloud Properties With Use of Spherical Harmonic Functions
Authors: Ding Jiachen , Yang Ping , Wang Lifan , Oran Elaine , Loeb Norman G. , Smith William L. , Minnis Patrick 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSpherical harmonic (SH) expansion is a useful tool to study any variable that has valid values at all latitudes and longitudes. The variable can be quantified as a sum of different spherical harmonic components, which are the spherical harmonic functions multiplied by their expansion coefficients. We find that the SH components of cloud radiative effect (CRE) have correlations with El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Hadley Circulation (HC). In particular, the expansion degree 2 () SH power spectrum component anomaly of CRE is strongly correlated with ENSO. The two dipole patterns appearing in the SH component anomaly map can be reasonably explained by a known mechanism of ENSO's impact on cloud properties. The and SH power spectrum components are correlated with HC intensity, whereas the and components are correlated with HC latitudinal widths. In ENSO warm and cold phases, the HC‐correlated SH components have opposite anomalies, which suggests the impact of ENSO on HC. This study illustrates that the SH expansion technique provides a different perspective to study the impacts of large‐scale atmospheric circulation on global cloud properties and radiative effects.
Land‐Atmosphere Coupling Constrains Increases to Potential Evaporation in a Warming Climate: Implications at Local and Global Scales
Authors: Kim Yeonuk , Garcia Monica , Johnson Mark S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe magnitude and extent of runoff reduction, drought intensification, and dryland expansion under climate change are unclear and contentious. A primary reason is disagreement between global circulation models and current potential evaporation (PE) models for the upper limit of evaporation under warming climatic conditions. An emerging body of research suggests that current PE models including Penman‐Monteith and Priestley‐Taylor may overestimate future evaporation for non‐water‐stressed conditions. However, they are still widely used for climatic impact analysis although the underlying physical mechanisms for PE projections remain unclear. Here, we show that current PE models diverge from observed non‐water‐stressed evaporation across site (>1,500 flux tower site years), watershed (>10,000 watershed‐years), and global (25 climate models) scales. By not incorporating land‐atmosphere coupling processes, current models overestimate non‐water‐stressed evaporation and its driving factors for warmer and drier conditions. To resolve this, we introduce a land‐atmosphere coupled PE model by extending the Surface Flux Equilibrium theory. The proposed PE model accurately reproduces non‐water‐stressed evaporation across spatiotemporal scales. We find that terrestrial PE will increase at a similar rate to ocean evaporation but much slower than rates suggested by current PE models. This finding suggests that land‐atmosphere coupling moderates continental drying trends. Budyko‐based runoff projections incorporating our PE model are well aligned with those from coupled climate simulations, implying that land‐atmosphere coupling is key to improving predictions of climatic impacts on water resources. Our approach provides a simple and robust way to incorporate coupled land‐atmosphere processes into water management tools.
Variability of the Shelf Circulation Around South Georgia, Southern Ocean
Authors: Combes V. , Matano R. P. , Meredith M. P. , Young E. F. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA high‐resolution ocean model is used to characterize the variability of the shelf circulation and cross‐shelf transport around the South Georgia island (SG). The time‐mean shelf circulation consists of a counterclockwise flow with a net onshelf mass flow in the south and a net offshelf mass flow in the north. In the south, the cross‐shelf exchanges show a two‐layer structure with an offshelf flow below 350 m and onshelf flow above. In the north, the cross‐shelf exchanges show a three‐layer structure with the onshelf flow found only between 350 and 50 m. Correlation analysis shows that winds and the Southern Antarctic Circumpolar Current Front (SACCF) current modulate the variability of the shelf circulation and cross‐shelf transport. Local wind stress is significantly correlated with the coastal currents, mid‐shelf jet, and cross‐shelf transports in the upper layer, while the SACCF modulates the shelf and cross‐shelf transports in the southwestern shelf. Likewise, an Empirical Orthogonal Function analysis indicates that the first mode of shelf circulation variability is highly correlated with the SACCF, while the second mode is explained by the local wind stress and significantly correlated with the Antarctic Oscillation. The El Niño Southern Oscillation does not significantly contribute to the shelf circulation but is significantly correlated with the surface temperature variability. The atmospheric teleconnection drives changes in local heat flux, such that warm El Niño conditions over the equatorial Pacific are associated with a cooling of the SG waters. This superposes local signals onto temperature anomalies advected from upstream in the ACC found in previous studies.
Firn Core Evidence of Two‐Way Feedback Mechanisms Between Meltwater Infiltration and Firn Microstructure From the Western Percolation Zone of the Greenland Ice Sheet
Authors: McDowell Ian E. , Keegan Kaitlin M. , Wever Nander , Osterberg Erich C. , Hawley Robert L. , Marshall Hans‐Peter 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe relationship between firn microstructure and water movement is complex: firn microstructure controls the routing of meltwater through the firn while continuously being altered by liquid water flow processes. Importantly, microstructural transitions within the firn column can stall vertical meltwater percolation, which creates heterogeneities in liquid water content resulting in different rates of firn metamorphism. Physics‐based firn models aim to describe these processes to accurately predict ice layer or firn aquifer formation, but require detailed observations of firn structure to validate and inform percolation schemes. Here, we present grain size measurements and ice layer stratigraphy from seven firn cores collected in western Greenland's percolation zone during the 2016 Greenland Traverse for Accumulation and Climate Studies (GreenTrACS). Grain size transitions within the cores are negatively correlated with all temperature proxies for meltwater supply. Additionally, the number of grain size transitions are strongly anticorrelated with the number of ice layers within each core, despite these transitions, particularly fine‐over‐coarse transitions, promoting meltwater ponding and potential ice layer formation. To investigate if these negative correlations can be understood with firn model physics, we simulate water movement along stratigraphic transitions using the SNOWPACK model. We find that grain size transitions diminish from rapid grain growth in wet firn where ice layers can form, suggesting these microstructural transitions are unlikely to survive repeated meltwater infiltration. Incorporating these microstructure—meltwater feedbacks in firn models could improve their ability to model processes such as ice slab formation or firn aquifer recharge that require accurate predictions of meltwater infiltration depth.
Microbiota–gut–brain axis mechanisms in the complex network of bipolar disorders: potential clinical implications and translational opportunities
Authors: Ortega Miguel A. , Álvarez-Mon Miguel Angel , García-Montero Cielo , Fraile-Martínez Óscar , Monserrat Jorge , Martinez-Rozas Lucia , Rodríguez-Jiménez Roberto , Álvarez-Mon Melchor , Lahera Guillermo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBipolar disorders (BD) represent a severe leading disabling mental condition worldwide characterized by episodic and often progressive mood fluctuations with manic and depressive stages. The biological mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of BD remain incompletely understood, but it seems that there is a complex picture of genetic and environmental factors implicated. Nowadays, gut microbiota is in the spotlight of new research related to this kind of psychiatric disorder, as it can be consistently related to several pathophysiological events observed in BD. In the context of the so-called microbiota–gut–brain (MGB) axis, it is shown to have a strong influence on host neuromodulation and endocrine functions (i.e., controlling the synthesis of neurotransmitters like serotonin or mediating the activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis), as well as in modulation of host immune responses, critically regulating intestinal, systemic and brain inflammation (neuroinflammation). The present review aims to elucidate pathophysiological mechanisms derived from the MGB axis disruption and possible therapeutic approaches mainly focusing on gut microbiota in the complex network of BD. Understanding the mechanisms of gut microbiota and its bidirectional communication with the immune and other systems can shed light on the discovery of new therapies for improving the clinical management of these patients. Besides, the effect of psychiatric drugs on gut microbiota currently used in BD patients, together with new therapeutical approaches targeting this ecosystem (dietary patterns, probiotics, prebiotics, and other novelties) will also be contemplated.
Widening Access: what do dental school websites signal to prospective students?
Authors: Kawecki Michal M. , Newton Philip M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroduction Widening Access (WA) policies aim to ensure that a professional workforce reflects the community that it serves by facilitating the admission of applicants from under-represented demographics. WA has not been extensively studied in UK dental education. Website discourses are an important element in students' higher education choices and have the potential to engage those who might be under-represented.Methods Critical discourse analysis was used to investigate contents of the 16 UK dental school webpages in relation to WA, based on a previous study within medical education. Data were contextualised through identification of drivers and levers, as well as warrants of WA.Results Discourses emphasising social mobility, and the resultant advancement within social hierarchy of an individual, dominated the narrative rationalising WA as an initiative. WA was depicted as a mechanism to support applicants of high academic ability and exhibiting commitment to studying dentistry but who were unable to show their true potential due to their underprivileged backgrounds. This presentation portrayed dental schools as generous establishments, selectively granting career-advancement opportunities to disadvantaged students. Discourses on the benefits of WA for patient care and workforce diversification were largely absent.Conclusions Discourses representing WA on websites of UK dental schools are limited and do not portray applicants from deprived backgrounds or under-represented groups as individuals bringing unique positive benefits to dentistry and patient care. We encourage dental schools to consider alternate messages for attracting applicants from under-represented demographics.
Manipulation of sterol homeostasis for the production of 24-epi-ergosterol in industrial yeast
Authors: Jiang Yiqi , Sun Zhijiao , Lu Kexin , Wu Zeyu , Xue Hailong , Zhu Li , Li Guosi , Feng Yun , Wu Mianbin , Lin Jianping , Lian Jiazhang , Yang Lirong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBrassinolide (BL) is the most biologically active compound among natural brassinosteroids. However, the agricultural applications are limited by the extremely low natural abundance and the scarcity of synthetic precursors. Here, we employ synthetic biology to construct a yeast cell factory for scalable production of 24-epi-ergosterol, an un-natural sterol, proposed as a precursor for BL semi-synthesis. First, we construct an artificial pathway by introducing a Δ24(28) sterol reductase from plants (DWF1), followed by enzyme directed evolution, to enable de novo biosynthesis of 24-epi-ergosterol in yeast. Subsequently, we manipulate the sterol homeostasis (overexpression of ARE2, YEH1, and YEH2 with intact ARE1), maintaining a balance between sterol acylation and sterol ester hydrolysis, for the production of 24-epi-ergosterol, whose titer reaches to 2.76 g L−1 using fed-batch fermentation. The sterol homeostasis engineering strategy can be applicable for bulk production of other economically important phytosterols.