bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the rationale and advantages of a traditional Mediterranean intercropping system in the nineteenth century
Authors: Díez Sanjuán Lucía , Migliorini Paola 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTraditional agricultural systems in Mediterranean Europe were characterised by diversity and multifunctionality, and polycultures played a fundamental role in them. Some of these farm systems and the traditional agricultural practices linked to them have now largely disappeared, but they are increasingly recognised as a valuable source of agroecological knowledge. In this study, we seek to recover the long-lost experience from a traditional Mediterranean intercropping system that combined the cultivation of vines and cereals. Using local historical resources available for a Catalan village for the second half of the nineteenth century, we compare the characteristics and functioning of intercropping and monocultures of vines and cereals using socioeconomic and agrarian metabolism indicators, and discuss the advantages of the traditional intercropping system as an adaptation to the productive limitations of the agroecosystem (particularly in terms of soil quality and productivity, and availability of labour and draft force), but also as a peasant economy strategy that responded to a multifunctional balancing rationale. This way, this research contributes to recovering the knowledge and experience of a long-lasting traditional crop system that had been used until the second half of the twentieth century, and provides an understanding of the rationale and advantages of traditional Mediterranean crop systems beyond productivity and profit maximisation strategies.
Fuzzy clustering of financial time series based on volatility spillovers
Authors: Cerqueti Roy , D’Urso Pierpaolo , De Giovanni Livia , Mattera Raffaele , Vitale Vincenzina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper we propose a framework for fuzzy clustering of time series based on directional volatility spillovers. In the case of financial time series, detecting clusters of volatility spillovers provides insights into the market structure, which can be useful to both portfolio managers and policy makers. We measure directional—i.e. “From” and “To” the others—volatility spillovers with a methodology based on the generalized forecast-error variance decomposition. Then, we propose a weighted fuzzy clustering model for grouping stocks with a similar degree of directional spillovers. By using a weighted approach, we allow the algorithm to decide which dimension of spillover is more relevant for clustering. Moreover, a robust clustering model is also proposed to alleviate the effect of possible outlier stocks. We apply the proposed clustering model for the analysis of spillover effects in the Italian stock market.
Recycling of expired ciprofloxacin in synthetic acid rain (SAR) solution as a green corrosion inhibitor for copper: a theoretical and experimental evaluation
Authors: Montaser Atiat A. , El-Mahdy Mohamed Sarwat , Mahmoud Elsayed E. E. , Fouda A. S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe antibiotic Ciprofloxacin (CIPRO) was investigated as a new inhibitor for copper corrosion in Synthetic Acid Rain Solution (SAR) utilizing Mass Loss (ML) as a chemical method, Potentiodynamic Polarization (PDP), and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) as electrochemical techniques. In the presence of 600 ppm of the antibiotic CIPRO, the protection percentage reached 90.1% according to the EIS technique. Thermodynamic adsorption and activation characteristics were evaluated and described. The CIPRO adsorption on the Cu surface in the SAR solution was physical adsorption and complied with the Langmuir isotherm. According to PDP curves, the studied medication was served as a mixed type of inhibitor. This medication prevented corrosion by adhering to the metallic surface, which was demonstrated by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM–EDX), and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Results from the Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Monte Carlo simulations (MC) complement experimental results. The inhibition efficiencies obtained via different methods are consistent with each other.
Graphical Abstract
Novel functionalized of ZnO with Sm3+, La3+, and Sr2+/ZnO single and tri-doped nanomaterials for photocatalytic degradation: synthesis, DFT, kinetics
Authors: Basseem Mohga , Emam Abeer A. , Kamal Fatma H. , Gamal Azaa M. , Abo Faraha Samia A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPure zinc oxide, single-doped zinc oxide as 2 wt% of Lanthanum as (La DZ NPs), 2 wt% of Samarium (Sm DZ NPs), and 2 wt% of Strontium as (Sr DZ NPs), and tri-doped (Sm, La, Sr, T DZ NPs) were synthesized with a hydrothermal method. Additionally, these nanomaterials are used as an effective photocatalytic for the degradation of Reactive Red 43. These nanomaterials’ optical, particle size distribution, structural properties, and morphology were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), ultraviolet (UV) light, photoluminescence (PL), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the point of zero charges (pHpzc). Molecular modeling simulation was calculated using density functional theory (DFT) to confirm some characterization. Moreover, these studies showed the crystal structure parameters changed with doped nanomaterials, and the experimental band gap fit theoretical calculation and demonstrated the reason for the widening of the band gap. An enhancement in the surface area of Sr DZ NPs recorded high value (SBET = 37.43 m2/g) indicated that it can be used as an efficient photocatalyst, where Sr DZ NPs showed the best photodegradation % of Reactive Red 43 dye with 93.43% compared to PZ (72.88%), La DZ NPs (52.54 3%), Sm DZ NPs (31.99%), and La, Sm, Sr T DZ NPs (20.55%). Furthermore, the pseudo-first-order kinetic model better fits the R2 values. Finally, the mechanism of degradation has been related to electronic configuration. In addition, the recyclability showed stability of nanomaterials under UV irradiation.
Graphical abstract
Optical crosstalk and other forms of light interference in pulse oximeter comparison studies
Authors: Kyriacou Panicos A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurpose: Pulse oximeter accuracy is important for the quality and safety of patient care. Methodological errors occurring during pulse oximeter accuracy studies can confound results. One potential source of error during pulse oximeter comparison studies is optical interference due to sensor-to-sensor crosstalk. Optical crosstalk can occur whenever pulse oximeter sensors are tested in close proximity of one another, as occurs during pulse oximeter comparison studies. Methods: This publication represents the first comprehensive review of sensor-to-sensor crosstalk and other forms of optical interference during pulse oximeter comparison studies. A review of the published literature was undertaken to elucidate the mechanism of optical crosstalk, along with other forms of optical interference, and a solution (shielding) is offered. Results: When pulse oximeter sensors are placed close to each other, as occurs during comparison studies, the red and near-infrared light used can also enter an adjacent sensor and lead to error. Pulse oximeter manufacturers have designed systems to reject some forms of optical interference, such as ambient light. However, light emanating from adjacent sensors during comparison studies can cause artifact, and this can be exacerbated by sensor malposition. Proper sensor placement and use of optical shielding are the best solutions to prevent crosstalk. Conclusions: Crosstalk and other forms of optical interference can corrupt pulse oximeter readings. Proper sensor placement and use of optical shielding of sensors are crucial steps to help protect the integrity of the data. Studies to further characterize crosstalk during pulse oximeter comparison studies are needed.
Green biochar-based adsorbent for radiocesium and Cu, Ni, and Pb removal
Authors: Mészároš Lukáš , Šuránek Matej , Melichová Zuzana , Frišták Vladimír , Ďuriška Libor , Kaňuchová Mária , Soja Gerhard , Pipíška Martin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThermochemical conversion of garden waste to biochar was carried out to prepare a green adsorbent for the removal of Cs, Cu, Ni, and Pb, which was characterized by XPS, SEM–EDX, and FT-IR analyses. The biocharˊs adsorption capacity was 20.5(Cs), 25.2(Cu), 12.4(Ni), and 45.9(Pb) mg g−1 and demonstrated satisfactory performance for different pH values. The kinetics data evaluation revealed that besides chemisorption, intraparticle diffusion contributes to metal removal. Moreover, the physical and structural properties of biochar play an important role in adsorption. Results indicate the suitability of using GW biochar as an alternative sorbent for both radionuclides and metal extraction.
Non-Gaussian Measures in Infinite Dimensional Spaces: the Gamma-Grey Noise
Authors: Beghin Luisa , Cristofaro Lorenzo , Gajda Janusz 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn the context of non-Gaussian analysis, Schneider [29] introduced grey noise measures, built upon Mittag-Leffler functions; analogously, grey Brownian motion and its generalizations were constructed (see, for example, [6, 7, 9, 27]). In this paper, we construct and study a new non-Gaussian measure, by means of the incomplete-gamma function (exploiting its complete monotonicity). We label this measure Gamma-grey noise and we prove, for it, the existence of Appell system. The related generalized processes, in the infinite dimensional setting, are also defined and, through the use of the Riemann-Liouville fractional operators, the (possibly tempered) Gamma-grey Brownian motion is consequently introduced. A number of different characterizations of these processes are also provided, together with the integro-differential equation satisfied by their transition densities. They allow to model anomalous diffusions, mimicking the procedures of classical stochastic calculus.
Automatic Software Bug Prediction Using Adaptive Artificial Jelly Optimization With Long Short-Term Memory
Authors: Siva R. , S Kaliraj , Hariharan B. , Premkumar N. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn the software maintenance and development process, software bug detection is an essential problem because it is related to complete software success. It is recommended to begin anticipating defects at the early stages of creation rather than during the assessment process due to the high expense of fixing the found bugs. The early stage software bug detection is used to enhance software efficiency, reliability, and software quality. Nevertheless, creating a reliable bug-forecasting system is a difficult challenge. Therefore, in this paper, an efficient, software bug forecast is developed. The presented technique consists of three stages namely, pre-processing, feature selection, and bug prediction. At first, the input datasets are pre-processed to eliminate the identical data from the dataset. After the pre-processing, the important features are selected using an adaptive artificial jelly optimization algorithm (A2JO) to eliminate the possibility of overfitting and reduce the complexity. Finally, the selected features are given to the long short-term memory (LSTM) classifier to predict whether the given data is defective or non-defective. In this paper, investigations are shown on visibly obtainable bug prediction datasets namely, promise and NASA which is a repository for most open-source software. The efficiency of the presented approach is discussed based on various metrics namely, accuracy, F- measure, G-measure, and Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC). The experimental result shows our proposed method achieved the extreme accuracy of 93.41% for the Promise dataset and 92.8% for the NASA dataset.
The dreams they are a-changin’: Mixed-methods longitudinal research on young people’s patterns of orientation
Authors: Vogl Susanne , Valls Ona , Kogler Raphaela , Astleithner Franz 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAt the end of secondary general track schooling, young people experience an important transition; in Austria, they have to decide on further schooling or vocational training. Aspirations shape this transition and decisions herein. In this contribution, we explore patterns in formation, change or stability of educational and occupational aspirations. Based on an exploratory longitudinal mixed-methods approach with adolescents aged about 14 years in wave 1, we untangle the multidimensional phenomenon of (educational and occupational) aspirations. We analyze three waves of qualitative longitudinal interviews and develop a typology of young people’s educational and occupational orientation processes over time. In a statistical analysis of three waves of the panel survey data with the same age group, we compare and integrate findings on stability and change of aspirations and analyze the influence of sociodemographic characteristics on these patterns. With this mixed-methods longitudinal design, we gain an in-depth understanding of young peoples’ thoughts, ideas and worries during this transitional phase. We also learn about the resources that shape the orientation process and related patterns in time.
Concept and challenges of a social media observatory as a DIY research infrastructure
Authors: Wiedemann Gregor , Münch Felix Victor , Rau Jan Philipp , Kessling Phillip , Schmidt Jan-Hinrik 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article describes the basic concept, ethical and legal considerations, technical implementation as well as resulting tools and data collections of the Social Media Observatory (SMO). Since 2020, the SMO is developed as an open science research infrastructure within the Research Institute Social Cohesion (RISC) in Germany. It focuses on (the support of) long-term monitoring of public communication on selected platforms and online news media to answer social science-related research questions. Based on systematically compiled lists of public speaker categories, such as parliamentarians or media organizations, it collects statistics as well as content data to study the German social media discourse in comparison to mass media. Aggregated results are published via interactive dashboards. Raw data is published as ID lists for reproduction or shared with researchers upon request. Following a do-it-yourself approach to infrastructure, the SMO further provides various tools, curated datasets, and documented workflows, for instance, to run thematic ad-hoc data collections. As a main feature, it maintains a curated knowledge base in wiki format to enable other researchers to perform systematic social media observations on their own.
Learning about climate change with comics and text: a comparative study
Authors: von Reumont Frederik , Budke Alexandra 
Published: August 2023

AbstractClimate change education has a high priority in the current global situation. Traditional learning material like text does not meet the needs of young learners, because of the complexity of the problem. We designed learning material in the comics form merging visual storytelling with scientific geographical communication devices such as maps, charts and diagrams. In an experimental research design, we found that this comic is more effective for learning about climate change than text with the same content, particularly regarding understanding and retaining the material’s content and development of environmental concerns. We strongly recommend using more comics for the support of cognitive performance of young learners for learning about climate change where human–environmental interaction is a focal point.
On the Temperature-Dependence of Deformation-Induced Martensite Formation in AISI 304L Type Steel
Authors: Egels G. , Bussmann M. , Benito S. , Weber S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this study, the deformation-induced α-martensite formation in AISI 304L steel was investigated in the temperature range between 75 °C and − 196 °C in the light of the temperature-dependence of hydrogen embrittlement phenomena. For this purpose, tensile tests with in-situ and ex-situ magnetic measurement of the α-martensite volume content as a function of plastic strain were carried out. In addition, a theoretical assessment of the temperature-dependence of the austenite stability was undertaken, evaluating chemical and non-chemical driving force contributions to the martensitic γ → α transformation as proposed by Ghosh and Olson. The experimental results clearly show an increase in the α-martensite volume content and a shifting of the phase transformation to lower strain levels upon reducing the temperature to − 75 °C. A further reduction of the temperature to − 196 °C revealed to have no significant impact on the α-martensite formation. The theoretical assessments indicate a similar temperature-dependence of the austenite stability as observed experimentally and suggest contributions of the thermal friction work at the fcc/bcc interface to be responsible for a constant austenite stability in low-temperature regimes. Additional investigations of deformed microstructures showed that element segregation effects on the local austenite stability are pronounced around room temperature, but become less relevant at low temperatures.
Spectroscopic methods in the analysis of wear particles
Authors: Švábenská Eva , Roupcová Pavla , Schneeweiss Oldřich 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDetailed characteristics wear particles formed in various brake pads were done. Our study was focused on identification structure and chemical composition of powder particles released by brake abrasion. The experimental studies were carried out using Mössbauer spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and magnetic measurements. Structure and chemical composition of the original brake pads and disc samples were compared with the results obtained for wear particles. The chemical and phase composition of wear particles is in large part similar to composition of the original brake pads. Wear particles contained mainly various types of iron oxides, iron and iron carbon metallic particles. The part of the wear particles showed paramagnetic behaviour at room temperature. The sample with fully paramagnetic wear particles behaviour was subjected low temperature Mössbauer and magnetic measurements. The results indicate transition interval corresponding to magnetically ordered states—ferro/antiferromagnetic.
Graphic abstract
The Role of IgA in the Manifestation and Prevention of Allergic Immune Responses
Authors: Scheurer Stephan , Junker Ann-Christine , He Chaoqi , Schülke Stefan , Toda Masako 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) mediates immune exclusion of antigens in the gut. Notably, IgA plays also a role in the prevention of IgE-mediated allergies and induction of immune tolerance. The present review addresses the role of IgA in the manifestation of IgE-mediated allergies, including allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT), the regulation of IgA production, and the mechanism of IgA in immune cell activation.

Recent Findings
The majority of studies report an association of IgA with the induction of immune tolerance in IgE-mediated allergies. However, reports on the involvement of humoral and mucosal IgA, IgA subtypes, monomeric and polymeric IgA, and the mechanism of IgA-mediated immune cell activation are confounding.

Summary
Effects by IgA are likely mediated by alteration of microbiota, IgE-blocking capacity, or activation of inhibitory signaling pathways. However, the precise mechanism of IgA-regulation, the contribution of serum and/or mucosal IgA, and IgA1/2 subtypes, on the manifestation of IgE-mediated allergies, and the underlying immune modulatory mechanism are still elusive.
An overview on the relationship between residential radon and lung cancer: what we know and future research
Authors: Ruano-Ravina Alberto , Martin-Gisbert Lucia , Kelsey Karl , Pérez-Ríos Mónica , Candal-Pedreira Cristina , Rey-Brandariz Julia , Varela-Lema Leonor 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe aim to provide an overview of the research available on indoor radon and lung cancer, with a special focus on Spanish investigations. Early studies on underground miners established the link between radon and lung cancer, which was later confirmed for the general population by residential case–control studies. Spain contributed with extensive evidence, including 5 multicentric, hospital-based, case–control studies in the last 30 years, exploring diverse aspects, such as radon's effect on never-smokers, molecular pathways linking radon exposure to lung cancer risk, survival rates, mortality burden, and occupational exposure. There is a well-established causal association between radon with lung cancer. Despite pioneering research performed in our country by the Galician Radon Laboratory, particularly on driver genes, the evidence on the potential molecular pathways which makes radon a carcinogen is sparse. Also, relevant questions on the potential association of radon exposure with the induction of other diseases are still pending.
Traumatic segmental renal infarction due to renal apical artery thrombosis by minor blunt abdominal trauma: the role of CEUS
Authors: Comune Rosita , Grassi Francesca , Tamburrini Stefania , Liguori Carlo , Tamburro Fabio , Masala Salvatore , Scaglione Mariano 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPost-traumatic segmental renal infarction is an extremely rare event, especially in case of minor blunt abdominal trauma. While major trauma guidelines are well established, several problems account for the adequate management of minor trauma. Herein, we report a case of minor blunt abdominal trauma determining traumatic thrombosis of the apical renal artery and segmental renal infarction, firstly diagnosed by CEUS in emergency care setting.
Context-Aware News Recommendation System: Incorporating Contextual Information and Collaborative Filtering Techniques
Authors: Alabduljabbar Reham , Almazrou Halah , Aldawod Amaal 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWith the increasing volume of news articles available on the internet, personalized news recommendations have become increasingly important for users to discover relevant and interesting news articles. However, traditional recommender systems often fail to capture the dynamic nature of users' preferences and the changing trends in news articles. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a context-aware personalized news recommendation system that incorporates contextual information to enhance the personalization of news recommendations. The approach involves collecting, extracting, exploring, cleaning, and processing a large dataset of news articles from 19 distinct internet news sources, totaling 22,657 English pieces. Four different recommender systems were built using different techniques, including content-based methods such as TF-IDF, Bag-of-Words, and Word2Vec, and a collaborative filtering system based on click behavior. To evaluate the effectiveness of our models, we used a combination of standard comparison metric, including precision and recall, and user feedback. To demonstrate the applicability of the model, a web interface was constructed, and we used RMSE and MAE to evaluate the performance of the collaborative filtering model. In addition, we conducted a comparative study to compare the accuracy of different algorithms with different baseline methods, including random and recency. The evaluation results showed that incorporating contextual information and collaborative filtering can significantly improve the personalization of news recommendations. The study suggests that the collaborative filtering model based on click behavior is the most effective approach, with a mean MAE of 0.0252 and a mean RMSE of 0.0364. The content-based models were also effective approaches for recommending news articles, outperforming the baseline approaches.