bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of process planning in manufacturing by a neural network based on an energy definition of hopfield nets
Authors: Spoor Jan Michael , Weber Jens 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDuring the planning stages of new factories for the Body-In-White assembly, the processes used per production system need to be defined. Each production system uses a specific combination of processes, with each process belonging to a main process group. The combination of the processes and groups is subject to restrictions. Since the amount of possible combinations is too large to individually check for restrictions, we propose a Neural Network using an energy measurement derived from Hopfield networks. The proposed network memorizes former correct combinations and provides a recommendation score on how likely a new planned configuration is. Since processes can be paired with processes from their own group or with themselves, the Neural Network is modified to allow loops for joining vertices with themselves. This modification is achieved by adjusting the energy function of Hopfield networks to measure the activation of the combinations of clusters, meaning the edges, and not the activation of vertices during the training phase. We implemented the network for the process planning of factories of a leading European automotive manufacturer, and the results using correct, incorrect, and random process combinations indicate a strong capability of detecting anomalous process combinations.
More Than Euros: Exploring the Construction of Project Grants as Prizes and Consolations
Authors: Edlund Peter 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn previous funding literature, ample attention has been devoted to the consequences of competition for project grants. These consequences tend to be fueled by status distinctions among grants, but scant attention has been directed toward how such distinctions are constructed. My aim with this paper is to develop new knowledge about the ways in which scientists ascribe meanings that construct status distinctions among grants. Employing qualitative data and a Bourdieu-inspired field perspective, I analyze how early-career scientists in Sweden attributed meanings that constructed and distinguished the status of European Research Council (ERC) Starting Grants (StGs) and Swedish Research Council (SRC) Reserve Grants (RGs), which were otherwise closely connected by common evaluation procedures and equivalent monetary amounts. My findings show how scientists – despite having received equivalent monetary amounts – ascribed starkly different meanings to ERC StGs and SRC RGs, building on perceptions of minimal, yet competition-grounded and expert-sanctioned, divisions introduced by panelists among top-graded applicants during the ERC’s evaluations. These divisions were amplified when scientists recast StGs as ‘prizes’ and RGs as ‘consolations’. Such recasting was largely unaltered by acknowledgments that ERC StGs generated much more administrative burdens and economic troubles than SRC RGs. Those burdens and troubles were approached by StG and RG recipients alike as the cost of status, and they believed universities adopted a similar approach. I use my findings to propose contributions, policy implications, and future inquiry avenues suggesting evaluation procedures may play a larger role than monetary amounts for the construction of status distinctions among grants.
Coordinating modalities of mathematical collaboration in shared VR environments
Authors: Huang Wen , Walkington Candace , Nathan Mitchell J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study investigates how learners collaboratively construct embodied geometry knowledge in shared VR environments. Three groups of in-service teachers collaboratively explored six geometric conjectures with various virtual objects (geometric shapes) under the guidance of a facilitator. Although all the teachers were in different physical locations, they logged into a single virtual classroom with their respective groups and were able to see and manipulate the same geometric shapes as well as see their collaborators’ avatars and actions on the shapes in real time in the shared virtual space. This paper introduces a novel multimodal data analysis method for analyzing participants’ interactive patterns in collaborative forms of actions, gestures, movements, and speech. Results show that collaborative speech has a strong simultaneous relationship with actions on virtual objects and virtual hand gestures. They also showed that body movements and positions, which often focus on virtual objects and shifts in these movements away from or around the object, often signal key interactional collaborative events. In addition, this paper presents five emergent multimodality interaction themes showing participants’ collaborative patterns in different problem-solving stages and their different strategies in collaborative problem-solving. The results show that virtual objects can be effective media for collaborative knowledge building in shared VR environments, and that structured activity design and moderate realism may benefit shared VR learning environments in terms of equity, adaptability, and cost-effectiveness. We show how multimodal data analysis can be multi-dimensional, visualized, and conducted at both micro and macro levels.
Bridging Left and Right? How Sahra Wagenknecht Could Change the German Party Landscape
Authors: Wagner Sarah , Wurthmann L. Constantin , Thomeczek Jan Philipp 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe prospect of a new party can significantly change political landscapes. In Germany, a potential new party is currently being widely discussed—Sahra Wagenknecht may splinter off from her party, The Left, to form a new radical party in Germany. Above all, Wagenknecht is known for her anti-immigration stance and could potentially bridge the gap between the right and left by forming a left-authoritarian party. What does the demand for such a left-authoritarian party look like in Germany? To explore this, we examined individual-level data to understand the structural factors that cause people to rate Wagenknecht higher than her current party, The Left. The results indicate that Wagenknecht is preferred over The Left by individuals who are more socioculturally right-wing, critical of migration, and dissatisfied with democracy. These findings provide valuable insights into the electoral potential of a potential left-authoritarian party led by Wagenknecht.
Heidegger’s Question of Being: the Unity of Topos and Logos
Authors: Karamercan Axel Onur 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this article, I elucidate the significance of Heidegger’s ‘question of being’ from a topological point of view by explaining the relationship between his thought of place and language. After exploring various hermeneutic strategies of reading Heidegger’s oeuvre, I turn to Richard Capobianco’s interpretation of Heidegger and critically engage with his idea of the experience of being itself as the ‘luminous self-showing oflogos’. In doing so, I explain the later turn from ‘truth’ to ‘place’ and articulate whylogosneeds to be conceived as the gathering site of the presencing of being. In arguing against the primacy of passive receptivity and active projection, I put forward the primacy of language as thetoposandlogosof being. In returning to the Capobianco-Sheehan debate, I conclude by explaining why Heidegger’s place-related notions cannot be thought metaphorically.
The impact of headache disorders: a prospective analysis of headache referrals to outpatient and inpatient neurology and emergency services in an Irish University teaching hospital
Authors: Darcy Sarah , Kelly Emmet , Choong Denise , McCarthy Allan , O’Dowd Sean , Bogdanova-Mihaylova Petya , Murphy Sinéad M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Headache represents a significant proportion of disability globally in general practice, neurology outpatient settings, and emergency departments. There is scant literature regarding the impact of headache on healthcare services in Ireland.

Aims
We aimed to investigate headache burden across the emergency department, inpatient stays, and neurology outpatient department referrals in an Irish University teaching hospital.

Methods
We prospectively collected data regarding emergency department presentations, inpatient neurology consultations, and neurology outpatient referrals for patients with headache between 13th January and 8th March 2020. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Results
There were 180 emergency department attendances, 50 inpatient consultations, and 76 outpatient referrals with headache. Neurological examinations were often incomplete; neuroimaging was commonly employed. Migraine was the most frequent headache diagnosis at discharge in the emergency department and among inpatients after neurology review. Diagnostic uncertainty was identified—33% of patients left the emergency department with no diagnosis, and “unknown/unspecified headache” was recorded on 49% of outpatient referrals and 30% of inpatient consult requests. Medication overuse headache coexisted with migraine in nine patients in the inpatient group. Prophylaxis had been trialed in 56% of patients with migraine referred to outpatients.

Conclusions
Primary headache disorders have a large impact on hospital services. Diagnostic uncertainty is common; neuroimaging is relied upon. Appropriate care pathways, education, and resource allocation should be prioritized.
Consensus on the tertiary prevention of primary liver cancer
Authors: Nan Yuemin , Xu Xiaoyuan , Dong Shiming , Yang Ming , Li Ling , Zhao Suxian , Duan Zhongping , Jia Jidong , Wei Lai , Zhuang Hui ,   Chinese Society of Hepatology, Chinese Medical Association, Chen Hongsong , Ding Huiguo , Duan Zhongping , Fan Jian-gao , Gao Yanhang , Hu He-ping , Huang Jianrong , Li Jun , Li Wencong , Li Wen-gang , Liu Jingfeng , Liu Lingdi , Nan Yuemin , Ren Wanhua , Shang Jia , Wang Maorong , Xie Wen , Zeng Mengsu , Zhang Yuguo , Zhao Jingmin , Zhao Shousong , Zhao Weifeng , Zhou Jian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo effectively prevent recurrence, improve the prognosis and increase the survival rate of primary liver cancer (PLC) patients with radical cure, the Chinese Society of Hepatology, Chinese Medical Association, invited clinical experts and methodologists to develop the Consensus on the Tertiary Prevention of Primary Liver Cancer, which was based on the clinical and scientific advances on the risk factors, histopathology, imaging finding, clinical manifestation, and prevention of recurrence of PLC. The purpose is to provide a current basis for the prevention, surveillance, early detection and diagnosis, and the effective measures of PLC recurrence.
Hepatitis B virus-related intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma originates from hepatocytes
Authors: Song Zimin , Lin Shuirong , Wu Xiwen , Ren Xiaoxue , Wu Yifan , Wen Haoxiang , Qian Baifeng , Lin Haozhong , Huang Yihao , Zhao Chenfeng , Wang Nian , Huang Yan , Peng Baogang , Li Xiaoxing , Peng Hong , Shen Shunli 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the most common risk factors for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). However, there is no direct evidence of a causal relationship between HBV infection and ICC. In this study, we attempted to prove that ICC may originate from hepatocytes through a pathological study involving ICC tissue-derived organoids.

Method
The medical records and tumor tissue samples of 182 patients with ICC after hepatectomy were collected. The medical records of 182 patients with ICC were retrospectively analyzed to explore the prognostic factors. A microarray of 182 cases of ICC tumor tissue and 6 cases of normal liver tissue was made, and HBsAg was stained by immunohistochemistry (IHC) to explore the factors closely related to HBV infection. Fresh ICC tissues and corresponding adjacent tissues were collected to make paraffin sections and organoids. Immunofluorescence (IF) staining of factors including HBsAg, CK19, CK7, Hep-Par1 and Albumin (ALB) was performed on both fresh tissues and organoids. In addition, we collected adjacent nontumor tissues of 6 patients with HBV (+) ICC, from which biliary duct tissue and normal liver tissue were isolated and RNA was extracted respectively for quantitative PCR assay. In addition, the expression of HBV-DNA in organoid culture medium was detected by quantitative PCR and PCR electrophoresis.

Results
A total of 74 of 182 ICC patients were HBsAg positive (40.66%, 74/182). The disease-free survival (DFS) rate of HBsAg (+) ICC patients was significantly lower than that of HBsAg (−) ICC patients (p = 0.0137). IF and IHC showed that HBsAg staining was only visible in HBV (+) ICC fresh tissues and organoids, HBsAg expression was negative in bile duct cells in the portal area. Quantitative PCR assay has shown that the expression of HBs antigen and HBx in normal hepatocytes were significantly higher than that in bile duct epithelial cells. Combined with the IF and IHC staining, it was confirmed that HBV does not infect normal bile duct epithelial cells. In addition, IF also showed that the staining of bile duct markers CK19 and CK7 were only visible in ICC fresh tissue and organoids, and the staining of hepatocyte markers Hep-Par1 and ALB was only visible in normal liver tissue fresh tissue. Real-time PCR and WB had the same results. High levels of HBV-DNA were detected in the culture medium of HBV (+) organoids but not in the culture medium of HBV (−) organoids.

Conclusion
HBV-related ICC might be derived from hepatocytes. HBV (+) ICC patients had shorter DFS than HBV (−) ICC patients.
Collapse Behavior and Energy Absorbing Characteristics of 3D-Printed Tubes with Different Infill Pattern Structures: An Experimental Study
Authors: M. Awd Allah Mahmoud , Abdel-Aziem Walaa , A. Abd El-baky Marwa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis work investigates the impact of infill pattern structure on the crashworthy performance and deformation history of 3D-printed tubes subjected to a quasi-static axial compression load. The proposed tubes were made from polylactic acid (PLA) using a 3D printing technique. Five infill pattern structures were adapted, i.e. circular, square, triangle, zigzag and cross patterns with 50% infill density. The crashworthy analysis was carried out by assessing different indicators, i.e. peak force ($${\mathrm{F}}_{\mathrm{ip}})$$

F
ip

)

, mean crush force ($${\mathrm{F}}_{\mathrm{m}})$$

F
m

)

, total absorbed energy (U), specific absorbed energy (SEA), and crushing force efficiency (CFE). It was found that the square infill pattern shows the maximum $${\mathrm{F}}_{\mathrm{ip}}$$

F
ip

, $${\mathrm{F}}_{\mathrm{m}}$$

F
m

, U and SEA with values of (24.38 kN, 20.58 kN, 673.38 kJ, and 26.52) while zigzag infill pattern shows the highest CFE with a value of 0.91. The optimal infill pattern is determined using a Multi-Attribute Decision Making (MADM) method called Complex Proportional Assessment (COPRAS). The COPRAS results showed that the square infill pattern is the most effective energy absorbing structure.
Effective Dye Removal by Acrylic-Based Membrane Constructed from Textile Fibers Waste
Authors: Abdelhamid Ahmed E. , Elsayed Alaa E. , Naguib Mohamed , Ali Eman AboBakr 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe good mechanical and chemical stability of textile acrylic fibers waste has promoted its candidacy for fabricating low cost membranes for wastewater treatment. In this work, nanofiltration membranes based on the acrylic fibers waste were successfully prepared using the phase inversion technique. First, membrane solutions with different concentrations (16, 18, 20, and 22%) of acrylic fibers waste (AF) in dimethyl formamide (DMF) were prepared. Evaluation of the membrane performance in terms of water flux and dyes (Congo red and methylene blue) rejection was investigated. Nanofiltration membrane with good water flux and dyes rejection was obtained at 20% polymer concentration. This membrane was modified by adding different ratios (3, 5, and 10 wt%) of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) to enhance the membrane performance. Characterization of the prepared membrane was explored using attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle, and swelling properties. The results show that the addition of 5% PVP elevated its performance to a high water flux equal 320 L/m2/h and complete removal of Congo red and 90% rejection of methylene blue at low pressure (3 bar). The molecular weight cutoff of the produced membrane found to be 319.85 Dalton. Moreover, the effect of dye concentration on water flux and dye rejection at different applied pressure was studied. The entire work presented an optimization procedure for obtaining standalone nanofiltration membrane with high performance using low cost waste materials (textile fiber waste).
Physico-Mechanical and Microstructure Characteristics of Porous Mullite Ceramics
Authors: EL-Rafei Amira M. , Mansour T. S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPorous mullite ceramics were prepared from mixtures of Egyptian kaolinite-clay and calcined α-alumina powder. The effects of two methods of compaction as well as two types of binder were investigated. The influence of sintering temperature on the physical properties, crystalline phase, compressive strength and microstructure was studied. Mullite bodies processed by uniaxial pressing utilizing 15wt. % water at 1500°C for 2h exhibited the highest compressive strength of 150 MPa and bulk density of 2.1 g/cm3, as well as, an open porosity of 35%. In the present study, the only stoichiometric mullite was achieved by the crystallization of metakaolin. The mullite crystallizing out from the liquid phase was rich in silica, as determined by EDS, while that resulting from alumina grains was rich in alumina. The microstructure showed that primary mullite appeared at 1200°C, beside the unreacted alumina particles. On the other hand, at 1400°C alumina particles started to react with the glassy phase to form parallel laminates of mullite.
Balancing the trade-offs between land productivity, labor productivity and labor intensity
Authors: Chiarella Cristina , Meyfroidt Patrick , Abeygunawardane Dilini , Conforti Piero 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAgricultural intensification, through increased yields, and raising incomes, through enhanced labor productivity, are two dimensions prioritized for sustainable agricultural development. Prioritizing these two outcomes leaves labor intensity as a hidden adjustment variable. Yet, when agriculture is mainstay and the prospects of labor absorption in other sectors are scarce, the density of agricultural employment is central for livelihoods. We revise relationships of land and labor productivity and labor intensity with farm size, using standardized data for 32 developing countries. We show that labor productivity increases with farm size, while land productivity and labor intensity decrease with farm size nonlinearly. Technical efficiency increases with farm size. We further systematize the evidence on how, beyond the farm level, local contexts can be pivotal in choosing how to prioritize the dimensions of the trade-off space. Our findings contribute to debates on the fate of small-scale farmers, and call for contextualized decisions.
Frailty detection in older adults via fractal analysis of acceleration signals from wrist-worn sensors
Authors: Cobo Antonio , Rodríguez-Laso Ángel , Villalba-Mora Elena , Pérez-Rodríguez Rodrigo , Rodríguez-Mañas Leocadio 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Purpose

Frailty is a reversible multidimensional syndrome that puts older people at a high risk of adverse health outcomes. It has been proposed to emerge from the dysregulation of the complex system dynamics of physiologic control systems. We propose the analysis of the fractal complexity of hand movements as a new method to detect frailty in older adults.

Methods

FRAIL scale and Fried’s phenotype scores were calculated for 1209 subjects—72.4 (5.2) y.o. 569 women—and 1279 subjects—72.6 (5.3) y.o. 604 women—in the pubicly available NHANES 2011–2014 data set, respectively. The fractal complexity of their hand movements was assessed with a detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) of their accelerometry records and a logistic regression model for frailty detection was fit.

Results

Goodness-of-fit to a power law was excellent (R$$^{2}>0.98$$

2

>
0.98

). The association between complexity loss and frailty level was significant, Kruskal–Wallis test (df = 2, Chisq = 27.545, p-value $$<0.001$$

<
0.001

). The AUC of the logistic classifier was moderate (AUC with complexity = 0.69 vs. AUC without complexity = 0.67).

Conclusion

Frailty can be characterized in this data set with the Fried phenotype. Non-dominant hand movements in free-living conditions are fractal processes regardless of age or frailty level and its complexity can be quantified with the exponent of a power law. Higher levels of complexity loss are associated with higher levels of frailty. This association is not strong enough to justify the use of complexity loss after adjusting for sex, age, and multimorbidity.
Parameters of the best fitting lunar ellipsoid based on GRAIL’s selenoid model
Authors: Cziráki Kamilla , Timár Gábor 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSince the Moon is less flattened than the Earth, most lunar GIS applications use a spherical datum. However, with the renaissance of lunar missions, it seems worthwhile to define an ellipsoid of revolution that better fits the selenoid. The main long-term benefit of this might be to make the lunar adaptation of methods already implemented in terrestrial GNSS and gravimetry easier and somewhat more accurate. In our work, we used the GRGM 1200A Lunar Geoid (Goossens et al. in A global degree and order 1200 model of the lunar gravity field using GRAIL mission data. In: Lunar and planetary science conference, Houston, TX, Abstract #1484, 2016; Lemoine et al. in Geophys Res Lett 41:3382–3389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014GL060027, 2014), a 660th degree and order potential surface, developed in the frame of the GRAIL project. Samples were taken from the potential surface along a mesh that represents equal area pieces of the surface, using a Fibonacci sphere. We tried Fibonacci spheres with several numbers of points and also separately examined the effect of rotating the network for a given number of points on the estimated parameters. We estimated the best-fitting rotation ellipsoid’s semi-major axis and flatness data by minimizing the selenoid undulation values at the network points, which were obtained for a = 1,737,576.6 m and f = 0.000305. This parameter pair is already obtained for a 10,000 point grid, while the case of reducing the points of the mesh to 3000 does not cause a deviation in the axis data of more than 10 cm. As expected, the absolute value of the selenoid undulations have decreased compared to the values taken with respect to the spherical basal surface, but significant extreme values still remained as well.
A novel particle–particle and particle–wall collision model for superellipsoidal particles
Authors: Wedel Jana , Štrakl Mitja , Hriberšek Matjaž , Steinmann Paul , Ravnik Jure 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the framework of computational studies of particulate multiphase flow systems, either dilute or dense, particle–particle as well as particle–wall collisions need to be considered, which in the case of nonspherical particle shapes still presents a computational challenge. In this study, we present an efficient numerical implementation of a novel superellipsoidal particle collision model that can be used in general fluid flows. The superellipsoid shape formulation can be viewed as an extension of spherical or ellipsoidal shapes and can be used to represent spherical, ellipsoidal, cylindrical, diamond-like and cubic particles by varying solely five shape parameters. In this context, we present a fast, stable Newton–Raphson-based method for modeling frictional collisions of nonspherical superellipsoidal particles, and demonstrate the performance of our algorithms.