bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behavioral and electrophysiological study on eight Japanese Papilio species with five hostplant volatiles and Linalool
Authors: INOUE Takashi , Fukuda Tatsuya , Yokohari Fumio , Suetake Mami , Nishidzu Narumi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
An electroantennogram (EAG) technique compared the antennal olfactory responses by both sexes of eight Japanese Papilio species with known host plants in laboratory experiments. Papilio species were collected from Honshû and Kyûshû (Japanese islands). The behavioral responses to volatile leaf substances from Citrus deliciosa, Zanthoxylum ailanthoides, Phellodendron amurense, Orixa japonica, and Foeniculum vulgare were examined in laboratory experiments. Individual EAG reactions were recorded. The results were very similar to the empirical field observations. The electrophysiological results of both sexes showed the volatile substances released from non-preferred plants mainly elicited greater EAG responses than the volatile substances from preferred host plants. We also performed behavioral experiments using eight female butterflies and their responses to five host plant species. An association between host plant selection behavior and taxonomical classification exists within the Papilio genus. The EAG responses were small when exposed to the plants with the high scores in the behavioral experiments. Host plant preference patterns seem to be related to the volatile substances within the host plants. The butterflies responded to Linalool in both the behavioral and electrophysiological experiments.
Exact solution to the geodesic equations in spherically symmetric space-time
Authors: Dhara Haru Chand , Ghosh K.K. , Ray Saibal , Indra Moumia , Ranjit Chayan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The strength of a singularity in spherical symmetry can be described by covariant equations. This was generated by Nolan [Phys. Rev. 60, 024014 (1999)] and some models have been examined him also. It draws a distinction between singularities, i.e. which are central and which are not. Nolan derived the necessary conditions [Phys. Rev. D 62, 044015 (2000)] for the singularity to be gravitationally weak. From these conditions certain conclusions may be drawn about the nature of the singularity without having to integrate the geodesic equations. In the present letter, the equations for the geodesic in spherically symmetric space-time obtained by Nolan are completely solved. This will lead to a better understanding of the physical situation regarding singularity.
Fractional Measurements and Calculations on Conformable Surfaces
Authors: Has Aykut , Yılmaz Beyhan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this study, some basic concepts related to the surface are examined with the help of conformable fractional analysis. As known, the best thing that makes fractional analysis popular is that it gives numerically more approximate results compared to classical analysis. For this reason, the concepts that enable us to make calculations based on measurement on the surface have been redefined to give more numerical results with conformable fractional analysis. In addition, with the help of fractional analysis, it is explained which concepts is changed or not. Finally, an example is given to better understand the obtained results and its graph is drawn with the help of Mathematica. The reason for using conformable fractional analysis in this study is that it is more suitable for the algebraic structure of differential geometry.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010). 53A05; 26A33
Graph theoretical description of phase transitions in nanoscale assemblies of surfactants
Authors: Yang Ruochen , Bernardino Kalil , Xiao Xiongye , Gomes Weverson R. , Mattoso Davi A. , Kotov Nicholas A. , Bogdan Paul , de Moura André F. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Phase transitions are typically quantified using order parameters, such as crystal lattice distances, Legendre polynomials, and radial distribution functions (RDF). These parameters can identify even subtle changes in packing distances and symmetries being ideally suited for crystalline materials or high-contrast phases with large structural differences. However, the structural changes are more difficult to quantify when the organizational pattern of constituent molecules becomes less ordered and more complex. This is the case for phases with high asymmetry and multiscale organization as well as for the structural fluctuations preceding phase transitions, which are essential for understanding the system pathways between phases. Here, we show that graph theoretical (GT) descriptors can successfully characterize different phases and pathway between them for hierarchically organized nanoscale systems exemplified by binary surfactant/water systems. We found that the GT centrality parameters and node-based fractal dimension can identify complex phases more accurately than traditional analyses and quantify the system behavior preceding the transitions. The trajectories for GT parameter of closeness centrality reflect (1) fluctuation-induced breakup of micelles and (2) long-range cooperative interactions in the network of surfactant molecules. GT parametrization can be generalized for a wide range of nanoscale colloidal systems, which can facilitate identification of complex phases.
The risk of Sjogren’s syndrome on immune checkpoint inhibitors：a retrospective pharmacovigilance study in FAERS database
Authors: Gao Siyuan , Ren Huaying , He Zhichao , Wu Jie , Chen Mengting , Zhu Jianhong , Liang Dan , Jiang Wei , Yang Shan , Yu Xiaoxia , Huang Min , Wu Junyan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have favorable anti-tumor effects but can cause severe autoimmune toxicities. The number of cases of previous studies about the risk of Sjogren's syndrome (SS) induced by ICIs is low. This pharmacovigilance study is to reassess the relationship between SS and ICIs in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).
Methods
Case reports of SS after ICIs were extracted from 2013 Q1 to 2020 Q4 in FAERS. the clinical features of the cases were described. The disproportionality analysis, reporting odds ratio (ROR) and information component (IC), was used to estimate the correlation between SS and ICIs. The clinical features of ICI-SS were described.
Results
In total, 160 cases of ICI-related SS were screened out. The median age was 63.5 years, more than half of were men (59%). The median latency of SS was 45 days. 13% of SS resolved after ICIs discontinuation or dose reduction. SS was significantly associated with ICIs (ROR = 11.19, 95%CI: 9.53–13.14; IC = 3.34, 95%CI: 2.85–3.93). The signal was also observed in anti-PD-1 (ROR025 = 9.20, IC025 = 2.75), anti-PD-L1 (ROR025 = 3.34, IC025 = 1.33), and combination therapy (ROR025 = 14.49, IC025 = 2.89).
Conclusions
This study suggested that ICIs significantly increased the risk of SS. This association was stronger in combination therapy.
Prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in biliary tract cancer patients treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy
Authors: Li Min , Yang Liyao , Wang Juan , Zhang Yao , Peng Meiling , Wang Jingjing , Fan Shasha 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Backgrounds:
Biliary tract cancer (BTC) has been confirmed as a rare and highly heterogeneous malignant tumor with an extremely poor prognosis. Existing research has found that neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) are the predictors of immunotherapy response in various cancers. However, the role played by these predictors in BTC has been rarely studied.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted to study the usefulness of NLR, PLR, and SII at baseline and at 6 weeks post-treatment as the predictors of response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibody treatment for BTC patients. The optimal cut-offs of NLR, PLR, LMR, and SII were set by calculating the optimal Youden index. Furthermore, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were conducted based on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) to determine the independent risk factors.
Results
Data on 72 BTC patients receiving anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy was analyzed. At baseline, except for LMR, NLR, PLR, and SII had significant negative correlations with the OS and PFS. After the patients received 6-week immunotherapy, only NLR remained a significant correlation between OS (P = 0.037) and PFS (P = 0.040), and the higher the NLR, the worse the prognosis will be. Further univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that high NLR was an independent risk factor for OS (hazard ratio: 3.979; 95% confidence interval: 1.221–12.966) and PFS (hazard ratio: 1.977; 95% confidence interval: 1.055–3.703).
Conclusion
NLR is a potential prognostic indicator for BTC patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 antibody as first-line or later-line therapy.
Crosstalk between human immunodeficiency virus infection and salivary bacterial function in men who have sex with men
Authors: Guo Ying , Yu Yixi , Sun Xintong , Zhang Baojin , Wang Yan , Cao Jie , Wen Shuo , Wang Xin , Li Yuchen , Cai Siyu , Wu Ruojun , Xia Wei , Wei Feili , Duan Junyi , Dong Haozhi , Guo Shan , Zhang Fengqiu , Sun Zheng , Huang Xiaojie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Engaging in anal sexual intercourse markedly increases the risk of developing HIV among men who have sex with men (MSM); oral sexual activities tend to uniquely introduce gut-derived microbes to salivary microbiota, which, combined with an individual’s positive HIV status, may greatly perturb oral microecology. However, till date, only a few published studies have addressed this aspect. Based on 16S rRNA sequencing data of bacterial taxa, MicroPITA picks representative samples for metagenomic analysis, effectively revealing how the development and progression of the HIV disease influences oral microbiota in MSM. Therefore, we collected samples from 11 HIV-negative and 44 HIV-positive subjects (stage 0 was defined by HIV RNA positivity, but negative or indeterminate antibody status; stages 1, 2, and 3 were defined by CD4+ T lymphocyte counts ≥ 500, 200–499, and ≤ 200 or opportunistic infection) and selected 25 representative saliva samples (5 cases/stage) using MicroPITA. DNA extraction, library construction, and metagenomic sequencing analysis were performed to explore whether a positive HIV status changes oral microbiota KEGG functional composition in MSM.
Results
The core functions of oral microbiota were maintained across each of the five groups, including metabolism, genetic and environmental information processing. All HIV-positive groups displayed KEGG functions of abnormal proliferation, most prominently at stage 0, and others related to metabolism and human disease. Clustering relationship analysis tentatively identified functional relationships between groups, with bacterial function being more similar between stage 0-control groups and stage 1–2 groups, whereas the stage 3 group exhibited large functional changes. Although we identified most metabolic pathways as being common to all five groups, several unique pathways formed clusters for certain groups; the stage 0 group had several, while the stage 2 and 3 groups had few, such clusters. The abundance of K03046 was positively correlated with CD4 counts.
Conclusions
As HIV progresses, salivary bacterial function in MSM progressively changes as HIV promotes abnormal energy metabolism and exacerbates pathogen virulence. Further, infection and drug resistance of acute stage and immune cell destruction of AIDS stage were abnormally increased, predicting an increased risk for MSM individuals to develop systemic and oral diseases.
Airborne mycobiota in a subterranean habitat – a case of show cave in Serbia
Authors: Stupar Miloš , Savković Željko , Popović Slađana , Simić Gordana Subakov , Grbić Milica Ljaljević 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Fungi can colonize organic matter present in subterranean sites and have a significant role as dwellers in different microniches of cave habitats. In order to analyze the content of airborne fungal propagules in different parts of “Stopića Cave”, a touristic site in Serbia, air sampling was carried out in three seasons during 2020, prior to and during the onset of Covid-19 pandemic. Culturable mycobiota was identified using both microscopic techniques and ITS region/BenA gene barkoding while multivariate analyses were employed to establish the link between fungal taxa and different environmental factors. The maximal measured fungal propagule concentrations were recorded during spring sampling where based on fungal propagules concentration categories cave environment match the category V. A total of 29 fungal isolates were identified while Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Lecanicillium, Mucor and Penicillium were the most diverse genera. According to the trophic mode most of the isolated fungal species were Pathotrophs (75.86%), but when regarding ecological guilds, the most dominant were undefined saprobes and animal pathogens (41.38% for each). Show caves are especially vulnerable to human impacts, and the fungal propagules’ concentration within the caves could be good indices for the level of ecological disturbance.
Existence of equilibrium solution for multi-leader-follower games with fuzzy goals and parameters
Authors: liu zhenli , wang guoling , yang guanghui 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we first propose the model of multi-leader-follower games with fuzzy goals and involving fuzzy parameters and introduce its α-FNS equilibrium. Next, we shift our attention to the existence of α-FNS equilibrium and prove it by Kakutani’s fifixed point theorem. Finally, we illustrate an example to show that the equilibrium existence result is valid.
Mathematics Subject Classification. 91A06, 91A07, 91A10.
Sign-changing solutions for Kirchhoff type problems with variable exponent
Authors: Chu Changmu , Yu Ying 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper is devoted to study a class of Kirchhoff type problems with variable exponent. By means of perturbation technique, the method of invariant sets for the descending flow and necessary estimates, the existence of infinitely many sign-changing solutions to this problem is obtained.
Mathematics Subject Classification 2010: 35J20, 35J62, 35Q55.
Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Models for Solar Flare Prediction
Authors: Zheng Yanfang , Qin Weishu , Li Xuebao , Ling Yi , Huang Xusheng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we develop five machine learning models, neural network (NN), long short-term memory (LSTM), LSTM based on attention mechanism (LSTM-A), bidirectional LSTM (BLSTM), and BLSTMbased on attention mechanism (BLSTM-A), for predicting whether a flare event of ≥C class or ≥M class will occur within 24 hr. We use solar active region samples provided by the Space-weather Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager Active Region Patches data from May 2010 to September 2018. The samples are divided into four categories (No-flare, C, M, and X) and generate 10 separate data sets. Then, after training, validating, and testing our models, we compare the results with the true skill statistics (TSS) as the assessment metric. The main results are as follows. (1) The TSS scores of ≥C class are 0.5472±0.0809, 0.6425±0.0685, 0.6904±0.0575, 0.6681±0.0573 and 0.6833±0.0531 for NN, LSTM, BLSTM, LSTM-A, and BLSTM-A, respectively. The TSS scores of ≥M class are 0.5723±0.1139, 0.6579±0.0758, 0.5943±0.0712,0.6493±0.0826 and 0.5932±0.0723, respectively. (2) For the first time, we add an attention mechanism to BLSTM for flare prediction, which improves the performance of the model for ≥C class. (3) Among the five models, the prediction model based on deep learning algorithms is generally superior to the model based on the traditional machine learning algorithm. The performance of the LSTM models is comparable to that of the BLSTM models. In general, LSTM-A for ≥C class performs better than other models. In addition, We also discuss the influence of 10 features on LSTM-A, and we find that removing the least significant feature will result in better performance than using all 10 features together, and the TSS score of the model will improve to 0.7059 ± 0.0440.
Does GPT-3 qualify as a co-author of a scientific paper publishable in peer-review journals according to the ICMJE criteria? - A Case Study.
Authors: Thunström Almira Osmanovic , Transformer Generative Pretrained , Steingrimsson Steinn 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper explores the potential for a system to be a co-author on an academic paper based on the criteria proposed by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE). We used a third generation generative pretrained transformer (GPT-3) to write a review paper on the topic of its choice: The Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Cognitive Function. The system was asked to fulfill the four main criteria for co-authorship as recommended by ICMJE, which includes contributions to the conception or design of the work; drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content; final approval of the version to be published; and agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work. Our results showed that the system was able to fulfill the criteria, although it had difficulty with referencing. We also explored the ethical implications of using AI systems for research and found that it is important to take a cautious approach when considering its use for scientific authorship. This case study provides a methodology for further investigations into the possibilities and limitations of automated writing.
The Role of Renewable Energy Consumption in Promoting Sustainability and Circular Economy. A Data-Driven Analysis
Authors: Laureti Lucio , Costantiello Alberto , Leogrande Angelo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this article we investigate the role of “Renewable Energy Consumption” in the context of Circular Economy. We use data from the World Bank for 193 countries in the period 2011-2020. We perform several econometric techniques i.e., Panel Data with Fixed Effects, Panel Data with Random Effects, Pooled OLS, WLS. Our results show that “Renewable Energy Consumption” is positively associated among others to “Cooling Degree Days” and “Adjusted savings: net forest depletion” and negatively associated among others to “GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF” and “Mean Drought Index”. Furthermore, we perform a cluster analysis with the application of the k-Means algorithm optimized with the Silhouette Coefficient and we find the presence of two clusters. Finally, we compare eight different machine learning algorithms to predict the value of Renewable Energy Consumption. Our results show that the Polynomial Regression is the best algorithm in the sense of prediction and that on average the renewable energy consumption is expected to growth of 2.61%.
JEL CODE: Q5, Q50, Q51, Q52, Q53.
Evaluation of different extracts leaves and seed husks of some Terminalia spp. had cultivated in Egypt on orange juice
Authors: Gharib Hesham Abd El-Salam , Ahmed Nagla M. , Abozed Mohamed AHMED Samah 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Terminalia trees had-cultivated in Egypt for getting wood and windbreak. seed husks and leaves (young and old) of T. bellirica and T. arjuna had light acrid, arguable and tasteless on characteristic taste, respectively. Meanwhile, T. bellirica seed husks are more capable of total sugars percentage compared to T. arjuna seed husks (11.2 and 10.3%) respectively. Generally, ethanol solvent enhanced aqueous extract on all treatments.T. bellirica seed husks had the highest significant increased total phenol and total tannin content. In this concern, young leaves of T. bellirica enhanced significantly to total flavonid content. T. bellirica and T. arjuna had a high significant increased on antioxidant content (38.550.3 and 36.450.58 mg) respectively. Meanwhile, mature leaves of terminalia sp. had a significant increased in K, Mg, Ca, Mn, Fe and Zn content. On the other side additive both extracts of different terminalia sp. portions save pH, browning and turbidity of juice with no significant during 7 days storage in room temperature while juice still without significant change until 1days under 4Cº. Terminalia extract significantly enhanced the sensory of juice. In general, treated with terminalia extract had a significant increase in phenol, tannin, flavonoid and DPPH of juice content.
Noninterference patterns and interference patterns simultaneously emerging on screen in wave experiments --- universal phenomena
Authors: Peng Hui 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

The standard interpretation of Young’s double slit experiment is that the light behaves as waves before and after passing through the diaphragm of the double slit. Recently, the convex lens has been utilized to study the behavior of photons near the diaphragm of the double slit. The experiments show that within a certain macroscopic distance the patterns are the particle patterns (noninterference pattern), and that the noninterference pattern gradually evolve to the interference pattern.
In this article, we show that in each of the single slit, double slit, cross double slit, four slits, disc ring, 1D grating and 2D grating experiments, the particle patterns (noninterference patterns) that show the shapes of the diaphragms, and interference patterns simultaneously emerge on the screen. It is the challenge to interpret the phenomena.
Solid Medical Waste Management Strategy in Hospitals, Indonesia
Authors: Hutajulu Setia Megawati , Marsaulina Irnawati , Siregar Fazida A , Indirawati Sri Malem 
Published: December 2022

The increase in solid medical waste generation has the potential to harm both human health and the environment when not adequately managed.

Research Objectives:
This research aims to identify solid medical waste management strategies in hospitals.

Methods:
This quantitative research uses a cross-sectional study design at the Deli Serdang District Hospital, Sumatra Province, Indonesia. The instrument used to collect data was a questionnaire, and the analysis was conducted using SEM PLS Version 3.3.

Results:
Policies have a significant effect on the behavior of human resources with a p-value of 0.001, and facilities significantly affect the management of solid medical waste with a p-value of 0.001. The waste treatment methods significantly affect the management where the p-value is 0.001. Subsequently, the behavior of human resources has a very significant effect on the management with a p-value of 0.001.

Conclusion:
Policies such as regulatory documents, SOPs, and complete work instructions can establish good behavior. Complete facilities such as trash containers or bins, personal protective equipment, materials for cleaning or disinfection, hazardous and toxic waste (B3) landfills, and waste transportation equipment also play a role in appropriate medical waste management. Additionally, waste treatment methods such as incinerators, autoclaves, and chemical disinfection determine the optimal management of solid medical waste.