bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Holocene deglaciation of the northern Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, Antarctica
Authors: Oliva Marc , Palacios David , Fernández‐Fernández José M. , Fernandes Marcelo , Schimmelpfennig Irene , Vieira Gonçalo , Antoniades Dermot , Pérez‐Alberti Augusto , García‐Oteyza Julia ,   ASTER TEAM
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe timing and magnitude of Holocene glacial oscillations in most currently ice‐free areas of Antarctica remain unknown. This work focuses on the recent deglaciation in the northern sector of the Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, northern Antarctic Peninsula. The ice cap covering ca. 90% of the island has receded since the Last Glacial Maximum and exposed ca. 29 km2 of ice‐free land. We reconstruct its glacial history based on a dataset of 12 36Cl exposure ages obtained through cosmic‐ray exposure (CRE) dating of moraine boulders, polished surfaces and erratic boulders surrounding the peninsula's northern plateau. Results reveal that the deglaciation of the northern Fildes Peninsula took place during the Holocene Thermal Maximum at 7–6 ka, when warm conditions promoted a massive glacial retreat. The present arrangement of ice‐free areas was in place by 6 ka. Small cirque moraines suggest the subsequent occurrence of favourable climate conditions for glacial expansion fed by intense snow deflation at 4.6 and 1 ka at the foot of the northern plateau. The deglaciation pattern of the Fildes Peninsula resulted from the combined shrinkage of different ice masses, rather than of the long‐term retreat of the King George Ice Cap. No evidence of glacier expansion during more recent cold periods (i.e. the Little Ice Age) was found. These results fit well with regional deglacial histories inferred from lacustrine sediments and raised beaches and complement the existing chronological framework to help better understand the peninsula's Holocene geoecological dynamics.
Response of corrosion protection coating systems for offshore components to high compressive loads during lifting
Authors: Momber Andreas W. , Irmer Michael , Kelm Daniel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe paper is concerned with the damage of protective coatings and with the estimation of parameters that can characterize their performance under high compressive loads. A test device was designed that duplicated the situation when coated curved steel sections were loaded compressively with commercial hoisting belts. Fourteen multilayer coatings were tested at three different intensity levels. Inspections of the damaged areas revealed a number of damage types in the coatings, namely plastic flow, permanent deformation, crack formation, and delamination. Force‐displacement curves were recorded. Two parameters from the force‐displacement curves—the contact stiffness, and a typical maximum contact force—could characterize the performance of the coatings. The force‐deformation curves were categorized into three types: type I (hoisting strap deformation and coating deformation), type II (hoisting strap rupture and coating deformation), and type III (hoisting strap rupture, coating cracking, and delamination). Coating systems with type III‐response were particularly susceptible to compressive loads.
How to make vertical farming more attractive: Effects of vegetable growing conditions on consumer assessment
Authors: Son Jeyoung , Hwang Kyusung 
Published: May 2023

AbstractVertical farming is emerging as a new agricultural technology. Following this trend, we compare vertical farming with conventional farming and derive various results by examining consumer perceptions. Specifically, Study 1 investigates the difference between product evaluation and purchase intention according to growing conditions and suggests an underlying mechanism in the relationship between the two. Consequently, consumers prefer crops grown on conventional farms over those grown on vertical farms. This is because consumers perceive higher naturalness and healthfulness in conventional farming methods. Studies 2 and 3 suggest human touch to evaluate vertical farming more favorably. In these experiments, we consider whether similar results could be obtained by presenting different conditions under which the human touch was utilized. According to the results of examining the moderating effect of human touch, consumers positively evaluate high human touch conditions, even for vegetables grown on vertical farms.
DNA origami technology for biomedical applications: Challenges and opportunities
Authors: Li Ling , Nie Shihong , Du Ting , Zhao Jiaxuan , Chen Xiaoyuan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDNA origami, a promising branch of structural DNA technology, refers to the technique of folding a single‐stranded DNA scaffold into well‐defined nanostructures. In recent years, DNA origami nanostructures have shown considerable promise in a variety of biomedical applications, owing to their biodegradability, unique programmability, and addressability. Despite their popularity, the biomedical application of DNA origami techniques, which exploits their unique programmability and addressability, is rare in previous studies. Most recently, mounting evidence has demonstrated the robustness of DNA origami nanostructures in the spatial organization of functional components at the nanoscale in the biomedical field. These examples provide typical paradigms to fully realize the potential of DNA origami techniques by taking advantage of their unique programmability and addressability. This minireview summarizes the recent advancements of DNA origami techniques in biosensing, biocatalysis, and drug delivery, and the representative examples using DNA origami nanostructures for the spatial organization of functional molecules with nanometric precision are highlighted. We further discuss the possible limitations and challenges for in vivo applications, including stability issues and potential immunogenicity, and finally, propose some strategies to overcome these obstacles to fully realize the potential of DNA origami techniques in biomedical applications.
PRMT1 inhibition promotes ferroptosis sensitivity via ACSL1 upregulation in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Zhou Lixin , Jia Xiaoqing , Shang Yingying , Sun Yanni , Liu Zhilong , Liu Jifeng , Jiang Wen , Deng Siyuan , Yao Qi , Chen Jieping , Li Hui 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological malignancy with an alarming mortality rate. The development of novel therapeutic targets or drugs for AML is urgently needed. Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death driven by iron‐dependent lipid peroxidation. Recently, ferroptosis has emerged as a novel method for targeting cancer, including AML. Epigenetic dysregulation is a hallmark of AML, and a growing body of evidence suggests that ferroptosis is subject to epigenetic regulation. Here, we identified protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) as a ferroptosis regulator in AML. The type I PRMT inhibitor GSK3368715 promoted ferroptosis sensitivity in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, PRMT1‐knockout cells exhibited significantly increased sensitivity to ferroptosis, suggesting that PRMT1 is the primary target of GSK3368715 in AML. Mechanistically, both GSK3368715 and PRMT1 knockout upregulated acyl‐CoA synthetase long‐chain family member 1 (ACSL1), which acts as a ferroptosis promoter by increasing lipid peroxidation. Knockout ACSL1 reduced the ferroptosis sensitivity of AML cells following GSK3368715 treatment. Additionally, the GSK3368715 treatment reduced the abundance of H4R3me2a, the main histone methylation modification mediated byPRMT1, in both genome‐wide andACSL1promoter regions. Overall, our results demonstrated a previously unknown role of thePRMT1/ACSL1axis in ferroptosis and suggested the potential value and applications of the combination of PRMT1 inhibitor and ferroptosis inducers in AML treatment.
Bioactive phytocompounds for oral cancer prevention and treatment: A comprehensive and critical evaluation
Authors: Burcher Jack T. , DeLiberto Lindsay K. , Allen Andrea M. , Kilpatrick Kaitlyn L. , Bishayee Anupam 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe high incidence of oral cancer combined with excessive treatment cost underscores the need for novel oral cancer preventive and therapeutic options. The value of natural agents, including plant secondary metabolites (phytochemicals), in preventing carcinogenesis and representing expansive source of anticancer drugs have been established. While fragmentary research data are available on antioral cancer effects of phytochemicals, a comprehensive and critical evaluation of the potential of these agents for the prevention and intervention of human oral malignancies has not been conducted according to our knowledge. This study presents a complete and critical analysis of current preclinical and clinical results on the prevention and treatment of oral cancer using phytochemicals. Our in‐depth analysis highlights anticancer effects of various phytochemicals, such as phenolics, terpenoids, alkaloids, and sulfur‐containing compounds, against numerous oral cancer cells and/or in vivo oral cancer models by antiproliferative, proapoptotic, cell cycle‐regulatory, antiinvasive, antiangiogenic, and antimetastatic effects. Bioactive phytochemicals exert their antineoplastic effects by modulating various signaling pathways, specifically involving the epidermal growth factor receptor, cytokine receptors, toll‐like receptors, and tumor necrosis factor receptor and consequently alter the expression of downstream genes and proteins. Interestingly, phytochemicals demonstrate encouraging effects in clinical trials, such as reduction of oral lesion size, cell growth, pain score, and development of new lesions. While most phytochemicals displayed minimal toxicity, concerns with bioavailability may limit their clinical application. Future directions for research include more in‐depth mechanistic in vivo studies, administration of phytochemicals using novel formulations, investigation of phytocompounds as adjuvants to conventional treatment, and randomized clinical trials.
Design and realization of a multi‐coil array for B0 field control in a compact 1.5T head‐only MRI scanner
Authors: Theilenberg Sebastian , Shang Yun , Ghazouani Jalal , Kumaragamage Chathura , Nixon Terence W. , McIntyre Scott , Vaughan J. Thomas , Parkinson Ben , Garwood Mike , de Graaf Robin A. , Juchem Christoph 
Published: May 2023

PurposeTo design and implement a multi‐coil (MC) array for B0 field generation for image encoding and simultaneous advanced shimming in a novel 1.5T head‐only MRI scanner.MethodsA 31‐channel MC array was designed following the unique constraints of this scanner design: The vertically oriented magnet is very short, stopping shortly above the shoulders of a sitting subject, and includes a window for the subject to see through. Key characteristics of the MC hardware, the B0 field generation capabilities, and thermal behavior, were optimized in simulations prior to its construction. The unit was characterized via bench testing. B0 field generation capabilities were validated on a human 4T MR scanner by analysis of experimental B0 fields and by comparing images for several MRI sequences acquired with the MC array to those acquired with the system's linear gradients.ResultsThe MC system was designed to produce a multitude of linear and nonlinear magnetic fields including linear gradients of up to 10 kHz/cm (23.5 mT/m) with MC currents of 5 A per channel. With water cooling it can be driven with a duty cycle of up to 74% and ramp times of 500 μs. MR imaging experiments encoded with the developed multi‐coil hardware were largely artifact‐free; residual imperfections were predictable, and correctable.ConclusionThe presented compact multi‐coil array is capable of generating image encoding fields with amplitudes and quality comparable to clinical systems at very high duty cycles, while additionally enabling high‐order B0 shimming capabilities and the potential for nonlinear encoding fields.
A nonlinear stochastic finite element method for solving elastoplastic problems with uncertainties
Authors: Zheng Zhibao , Nackenhorst Udo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article presents an efficient nonlinear stochastic finite element method to solve stochastic elastoplastic problems. Similar to deterministic elastoplastic problems, we describe history‐dependent stochastic elastoplastic behavior utilizing a series of (pseudo) time steps and go further to solve the corresponding stochastic solutions. For each time step, the original stochastic elastoplastic problem is considered as a time‐independent nonlinear stochastic problem with initial values given by stochastic displacements, stochastic strains, and internal variables of the previous time step. To solve the stochastic solution at each time step, the corresponding nonlinear stochastic problem is transformed into a set of linearized stochastic finite element equations by means of finite element discretization and a stochastic Newton linearization, while the stochastic solution at each time step is approximated by a sum of the products of random variables and deterministic vectors. Each couple of the random variable and the deterministic vector is also used to approximate the stochastic solution of the corresponding linearized stochastic finite element equation that can be solved via a weakly intrusive method. In this method, the deterministic vector is computed by solving deterministic linear finite element equations, and corresponding random variables are solved by a non‐intrusive method. Further, the proposed method avoids the curse of dimensionality successfully since its computational effort does not increase dramatically as the stochastic dimensionality increases. Four numerical cases are used to demonstrate the good performance of the proposed method.
The Impact of Hearing Loss on Health Care Access During the COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Huang Emily Y. , Joo Hyonoo , Schoo Desi , Agrawal Yuri , Chen Jenny X. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIndividuals with hearing loss are at increased risk of having poor access to health care compared with hearing peers. The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on health care access for adults with hearing loss in the United States was investigated through weighted analyses of the 2021 National Health Interview Survey. The association of hearing loss and disruptions to health care use during the pandemic was examined using multivariable logistic regression controlling for demographic characteristics including sex, race/ethnicity, education, socioeconomic status, insurance status, and medical comorbidities. Adults with hearing loss had significantly higher odds of reporting receiving no medical care (odds ratio [OR] = 1.63, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.46‐1.82,p < .001) or delayed medical care (OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.43‐1.71,p < .001) due to the pandemic. Individuals with hearing loss did not have higher odds of COVID‐19 diagnosis or vaccination. Strategies should be developed to support adults with hearing loss to improve their access to care during public health emergencies.
Lung function at 16–19 years in males and females born very prematurely
Authors: Harris Christopher , Lunt Alan , Peacock Janet , Greenough Anne 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo determine if there were differences in lung function at 16–19 years of age between males and females born very prematurely.Working HypothesisFemales compared with males would have superior lung function and exercise capacity.Study DesignCohort study.Patient‐Subject SelectionThose born at less than 29 weeks of gestational age.MethodologyLung function testing (spirometry, oscillometry, diffusion capacity, lung clearance index, and plethysmography), a shuttle sprint test for exercise capacity, and a respiratory symptoms questionnaire.ResultsAmongst 150 participants, males had poorer lung function compared with females with mean z score differences (95% CI [confidence interval]) after adjustment: forced expiratory flow at 75% (FEF75) (–0.60 [–0.97,–0.24]), forced expiratory flow at 50% (FEF50) (−0.39 [−0.72,−0.07]), forced expiratory flow at 25%–75% (FEF25‐75) (−0.62 [−0.98,−0.26]), the ratio of the forced expiratory volume in the first one second to the forced vital capacity of the lungs (FEV1:FVC ratio) (−0.71 [−1.09,−0.34]), diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) (−0.41 [−0.78,−0.03]), diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide divided by alveolar volume (DLCO/VA) (−0.57 [−0.86,−0.28]).Exercise capacity and self‐reported exercise were both significantly better in males than females (46% males achieving between 1250 and 1500 m shuttle sprint distance vs. 4.8% females) and 74% males versus 67% females undertaking some exercise. There were no significant differences by sex in the prevalence of either wheeze or current asthma.ConclusionsMales had poorer lung function than females at age 16–19 years, but their exercise capacity was superior to females.
Pilot of a therapist‐guided digital mental health intervention (eHealth CF‐CBT) for adults with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Verkleij Marieke , Georgiopoulos Anna M. , Barendrecht Heleen , Friedman Deborah 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundeHealth CF‐CBT is the first digital mental health intervention for depression/anxiety in adults with cystic fibrosis (awCF); an 8‐session therapist‐guided internet‐delivered program that was developed in English and Dutch with stakeholder input and evaluation indicating high acceptability and usability.MethodsDutch eHealth CF‐CBT was piloted in awCF with mild‐moderate symptoms of depression and/or anxiety. Feasibility, usability, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy were assessed, measuring pre‐post changes in depression (PHQ‐9), anxiety (GAD‐7), perceived stress (PSS), and health‐related quality of life (CFQ‐R).ResultsAll participants (n = 10, seven female, mean age 29 [range 21–43], mean FEV1 71%pred [range 31–115]) completed all sessions. Patient‐rated feasibility, usability, and acceptability of eHealth CF‐CBT were positive on validated scales, as were qualitative assessments of content and format. GAD‐7 improved in 90% of participants; in 50% by ≥the minimally important difference (MID) of four points. PHQ‐9 improved in 90%; 40% by ≥the MID of 5. PSS improved in 80%. CFQ‐R improved in the domain health perceptions (70%).ConclusionseHealth CF‐CBT demonstrated feasibility, usability, acceptability, and promising preliminary efficacy in this pilot trial with Dutch awCF with mild to moderate symptoms of depression and anxiety.
Effects of caffeine on diaphragmatic activity in preterm infants
Authors: Dani Carlo , Fusco Monica , Manti Sara , Marseglia Lucia , Ciarcià Martina , Leonardi Valentina , Corsini Iuri , Gitto Eloisa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundCaffeine is the first‐choice drug for the treatment for apnea of prematurity (AOP) in preterm infants and it has been reported that it improves the diaphragm activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate by ultrasound possible changes in diaphragm contractility and motility induced by caffeine.MethodsWe studied 26 preterm infants with gestational age ≤34 weeks treated with caffeine for the prevention or treatment of AOP. Diaphragmatic ultrasound was performed 15 min (T0) before and 60 min (T60) after the loading (20 mg/kg) or maintenance (5 mg/kg) dose of caffeine.ResultsDiaphragmatic excursion (DE) and thickness at the end of inspiration (DT‐in) and expiration (DT‐ex), as well as peak velocity of the excursion at the end of inspiration (DT‐in) and expiration (DT‐ex) increased after administration of both loading and maintenance dose of caffeine.ConclusionsUltrasounds confirmed that caffeine improves the activity of diaphragm in preterm infants improving its thickness, amplitude of excursions, and contraction velocity. These results are consistent with the effectiveness of caffeine in treating AOP and decreasing the risk of failure of noninvasive respiratory support in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).
Pyrotechnic whistles: An overview**
Authors: Verbovytskyy Yuriy , Juknelevicius Dominykas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA series of pyrotechnic compositions based on aromatic compounds and/or their salts in combination with pyrotechnic oxidizers possess a distinct feature: when being pressed into a tube and ignited, they burn, emitting a loud whistling noise. Such pyrotechnic effects have been known for over 100 years and are widely used for military and civil applications. The presented paper includes variable examples of pyrotechnic whistle compositions, their properties, and application examples. Additional information is provided on historical facts associated with the invention of the pyrotechnic whistles and the current state of knowledge of the whistling mechanism from both chemical and physical standpoints.
Swertia L.: A comprehensive review of its genetic relationship, chemical compositions, pharmacological effects, toxicities, and applications
Authors: Guo Sa , Du Qinyun , Xing Nan , Qin Jing , Liu Xinwei , Li Rui , Wang Shaohui , Zhang Yi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSwertia L., as a commonly used ethnic medicine, is widely distributed in Sichuan, Yunnan, and Xizang in China. Moreover, the medicinal plants of Swertia L. have been widely used and constitute one of the most important sources of various traditional medicines in China due to their prominent activities. In this review, the information on the classification, distribution, genetic relationship, chemical composition, pharmacological effects, toxicities, and applications of the medicinal plants in Swertia L. was summarized based on the scientific literature. The results indicated that the medicinal plants of Swertia L. mainly contained chemical components including triterpenes, xanthones, and iridoids. These compounds exert pharmacological effects including ameliorating diseases related to the liver and gallbladder. They also exert antiviral and antibacterial effects and can alleviate the increase in blood glucose levels. Especially, prescriptions related to Swertia L. have been widely adopted in preclinical and clinical studies to protect against diseases affecting the liver and the gallbladder, including hepatitis, cirrhosis, and cholecystitis. In addition, it also discusses toxicity studies and future perspectives and provides a reference for their clinical development and utilization.
Fatigue reliability assessment of offshore catenary risers conveying internal slug flow
Authors: Liu Depeng , Ai Shangmao , Kang Zhuang , Sun Liping 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a fatigue reliability assessment method of offshore steel catenary risers (SCRs) caused by internal slug flow. Offshore risers subject to slug flow are modeled first by employing a finite element method scheme. Subsequently, a combination of Kriging metamodel and Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) is established to assess the fatigue reliability of SCRs conveying internal slug flow. An explanatory example of a 16‐inch SCR is presented to validate the performance of the proposed method and the results indicate that the failure rates of the SCR are significantly affected by the frequency of slug flow. Moreover, the accuracy and feasibility of the present method are validated by a comprehensive comparison with the existing experiments and numerical results. The present method contributes to the design and maintenance of offshore risers with internal slug flow.