bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unpacking the dynamics of military spending in a globalized world: economic impacts with a network GVAR model
Authors: Economidou Claire , Karamanis Dimitris , Kechrinioti Alexandra , Konstantakis Konstantinos N. , Michaelides Panayotis G. 
Published: July 2023

PurposeIn this work, the authors analyze the dynamic interdependencies between military expenditures and the real economy for the period 1970–2018, and the authors' approach allows for the existence of dominant economies in the system.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, the authors employ a Network General Equilibrium GVAR (global vector autoregressive) model.FindingsBy accounting for the interconnection among the top twelve military spenders, the authors' findings show that China acts as a leader in the global military scene based on the respective centrality measures. Meanwhile, statistically significant deviations from equilibrium are observed in most of the economies' military expenses, when subjected to an unanticipated unit shock of other countries. Nonetheless, in the medium run, the shocks tend to die out and economies converge to an equilibrium position.Originality/valueWith the authors' methodology the authors are able to capture not only the effect of nearness on a country's military spending, as the past literature has documented, but also a country's defense and economic dependencies with other countries and how a unit's military expenses could shape the spending of the rest. Using state-to-the-art quantitative and econometric techniques, the authors provide robust and comprehensive analysis.
Entrepreneurial Muslim leadership in Islamic cooperative business unit
Authors: Ariatin Adrian , Dhewanto Wawan , Yudha Oktofa 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to find what kind of leadership is suitable for developing a business in an Islamic boarding school.

Design/methodology/approach
This study used a qualitative research method by conducting in-depth interviews with 16 informants.

Findings
This study resulted in three critical factors leadership qualities, entrepreneurial qualities and Muslim qualities. The unique combination of these essential elements must be in the soul of a business leader in a boarding school in carrying out its business activities to meet school operational costs while developing it into a sustainable business.

Research limitations/implications
This research is limited to being conducted in Indonesia’s most densely populated areas, namely, West Java Province, which also has the highest number of Islamic boarding schools. Not all Islamic boarding schools have business units because their operational needs have been met either by tuition fees or outside assistance.

Practical implications
These findings are expected to be a guideline for other Islamic boarding schools to find out how business leadership in Islamic boarding schools should be in carrying out their activities so that their business not only survives but also develops and competes with other companies.

Originality/value
This study presents a combination of theories of entrepreneurship, leadership and Muslim qualities obtained from the literature review and empirical data from the results of in-depth interviews.
Public policy and strategic business recommendations to accelerate adoption of stationary battery energy storage systems (BESS) in India
Authors: Gandhok Tejpavan , Manthri Pranusha 
Published: July 2023

PurposeInterest in battery energy storage systems (BESS) is high, and technologies such as Li-ion (and other advanced chemistry) batteries in specific use cases are already economically viable. In this paper, the authors build further on the authors' previously published paper1 to estimate the potential positive impact that accelerated adoption of Li-ion batteries for stationary storage per the authors' identified already economically viable use cases, can have both on India's macro-economy and current account deficit as well as in helping meaningfully accelerate circular economy and Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) benefits of green economy transition.Design/methodology/approachThe authors identified key challenges for development of BESS ecosystem and applied quantitative and qualitative assessment methodology for rapid adoption of BESS in India. The authors' study was validated through interviews with stakeholders and the authors summarize applicable findings for emerging countries such as India to encourage faster, wider adoption of energy storage.FindingsThe authors' study provides key policy recommendations to achieve a better balance in policy focus—not only for electronic vehicles (EVs) and utility-scale storage, but also for stationary behind-the-meter storage through key policy measures including placing a CESS on diesel generators (DGs), differential tariffs, encouraging advanced battery imports as a way to reduce crude oil imports, green financing and investments in de-carbonized energy breakthrough technologies (e.g. gravity-based energy storage systems). The authors recommend key technology priorities and strategic business rationale for private sector efforts by developing competitive advantages for non-battery hardware and software and expanding into emerging markets, with potential US$15–20+bn enterprise value.Originality/valueWhile the dominant discourse focuses on EVs and utility scale applications of storage, the authors' paper shows the larger near term opportunity for impact is in stationary storage that too in end-user adoption use cases.
How do we rage against the dying of the light? A trans-generational exploration of character strengths
Authors: Vyas Mahimna , Vyas Rudresh 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
This study aims to investigate character strengths, focussing on their development over time and application from a personal perspective.

Design/methodology/approach
The research was conducted using an autoethnographic, semi-structured interview approach with two participants: the authors themselves.

Findings
This study explored character strengths, their commonalities across generations and how personal experiences shape them. It also highlighted how to encourage others to recognise and use their strengths.

Research limitations/implications
This study also enriches character strengths theory by addressing cultural and generational differences, aligning with positive psychology 3.0 (Lomas et al., 2020). This study also introduces a unique methodological approach to explore character strengths.

Practical implications
This study provides novel insights for personal growth, enhancing psychological evaluations and inter-generational discourse on knowledge transfer through the lens of character strengths. These can be used to develop interventions for a range of populations.

Originality/value
Through this personalised and culturally relevant approach, novel insights into the longitudinal effects of interactions between individual experiences and character strengths were gained. This study emphasised the dynamic nature of strengths and drew parallels to the tenets of Indian psychology, thereby underscoring the significance of strengths as a pivotal next step in the understanding of a person.
Bureaucracy and distributed vulnerability at a Chinese research institute: beyond the faculty perspective on audit cultures
Authors: McLellan Timothy 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBureaucracy and audit are an increasingly pervasive fact of scientific and academic life. In this article, I examine this bureaucracy through the perspectives of non‐faculty staff at a Chinese research institute: the Institute for Farms and Forests (IFF). I build upon the lament of a staff member called Tao that inflexible bureaucracy is the consequence of civil servants’ determination to evade vulnerability. Bringing Tao and her colleagues’ analyses into conversation with the anthropology of gift exchange, I show how a literature that has long informed anthropological analyses of informal bureaucratic back doors provides an equally rich set of resources for understanding bureaucracy's formal, document‐mediated front door. Most especially, I draw upon the anthropology of gifts to illuminate the anxieties and vulnerabilities that shape and are shaped by bureaucratic practice. This approach can help us to understand Chinese bureaucracy in an era of increasing wariness towards informal social connections (guanxi). It can also help us to explore what might be at stake for the non‐faculty colleagues who – despite their indispensable roles – we seldom consider in conversations about academic audit cultures.
Race, risk, and American religious groups' views of Nazi Germany in 1935
Authors: Garrity Meghan , Wilde Melissa 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWhat explains American religious groups' views of Nazi Germany before the U.S. entered the Second World War? Using a comparative‐historical approach, we employ a novel set of data on 25 of America's most prominent religious denominations to answer this question. We find that two factors were crucial in explaining religious elite discourse about Hitler in the U.S. in 1935: whether leaders believed in white supremacy and whether their denominations were incumbents or challengers in the American religious field. Our findings underscore the growing theoretical consensus that racial resentment is key to support for authoritarianism and call attention to religious groups' complicity in its growth, both active and passive.
The role of organizations in shaping physician use of electronic health records
Authors: Cross Dori A. , Holmgren A Jay , Apathy Nate C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the study was to (1) characterize organizational differences in primary care physicians' electronic health record (EHR) behavior; (2) assess within‐organization consistency in EHR behaviors; and (3) identify whether organizational consistency is associated with physician‐level efficiency.Data SourcesEHR metadata capturing averaged weekly measures of EHR time and documentation composition from 75,124 US primary care physicians across 299 organizations between September 2020 and May 2021 were taken. EHR time measures include active time in orders, chart review, notes, messaging, time spent outside of scheduled hours, and total EHR time. Documentation composition measures include note length and percentage use of templated text or copy/paste. Efficiency is measured as the percent of visits with same‐day note completion.Study DesignAll analyses are cross‐sectional. Across‐organization differences in EHR use and documentation composition are presented via 90th‐to‐10th percentile ratios of means and SDs. Multilevel modeling with post‐estimation variance partitioning assesses the extent of an organizational signature—the proportion of variation in our measures attributable to organizations (versus specialty and individual behaviors). We measured organizational internal consistency for each measure via organization‐level SD, which we grouped into quartiles for regression. Association between internally consistent (i.e., low SD) organizational EHR use and physician‐level efficiency was assessed with multi‐variable OLS models.Data CollectionExtraction from Epic's Signal platform used for measuring provider EHR efficiency.Principal FindingsEHR time per visit for physicians at a 90th percentile organization is 1.94 times the average EHR time at a 10th percentile organization. There is little evidence, on average, of an organizational signature. However, physicians in organizations with high internal consistency in EHR use demonstrate increased efficiency. Physicians in organizations with the highest internal consistency (top quartile) have a 3.77 percentage point higher same‐day visit closure rates compared with peers in bottom quartile organizations (95% confidence interval: 0.0142–0.0612).ConclusionsResults suggest unrealized opportunities for organizations and policymakers to support consistency in how physicians engage in EHR‐supported work.
An exercise in scientific problem‐solving: Illustrating the utility of the principles of the Sydney Declaration
Authors: Miranda Michelle D. , Buzzini Patrick , De Forest Peter R. , Willis Sheila 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn forensic science, scientific problem‐solving is characterized by the recognition of traces as part of iterative reasoning processes to assign meaning to those traces in order to interpret and reconstruct events. Through a set of fundamental principles, the Sydney Declaration presents a foundation of forensic science through the lens of a scientist. The distinction between a scientist and a technician may require clarification—where a prototypical technician follows a prescribed set of ‘standard operating procedures’ and may be limited in the interpretation of the resultant data, the scientist utilizes knowledge, skills, experience and imagination to identify the issue at hand and develop lines of inquiry for testing and interpretation. This case report draws on the Sydney Declaration in order to highlight the importance of learning about events from careful consideration of both obvious and less obvious traces. A case involving the assault of a police officer is examined to illustrate the use of the Principles: the problem originally defined by investigators at the scene and later by prosecutors resulted in incorrect analysis and interpretation of traces, hampering efforts at an accurate reconstruction of events. This exercise serves to demonstrate that in order to engage in scientific problem‐solving, it is necessary to apply observation and reasoning in forensic investigations in order to yield an outcome that can be clearly articulated. The overarching goal is to support the drive to improve forensic science practice, education, and research through a case illustrating the value of the principles of the Sydney Declaration.
Interpreting contrast imaging to plan breast surgery
Authors: Taylor Donna B. , Hobbs Max M. , Ronald Maxine Mariri , Burrows Sally , Ives Angela , Parizel Paul M. , Saunders Christobel M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundContrast enhanced mammography (CEM) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are more accurate than conventional imaging (CI) for breast cancer staging. How adding CEM and MRI to CI might change the surgical plan is understudied.MethodsSurgical plans (breast conserving surgery (BCS), wider BCS, BCS with diagnostic excision (>1BCS), mastectomy) were devised by mock‐MDT (radiologist, surgeon and pathology reports) according to disease extent on CI, CI + CEM and CI + MRI. Differences in the mock‐MDT's surgical plans following the addition of CEM or MRI were investigated. Using pre‐defined criteria, the appropriateness of the modified plans was assessed by comparing estimated disease extent on imaging with final pathology. Surgery performed was recorded from patient records.ResultsContrast imaging modified mock‐MDT plans for 20 of 61(32.8%) breasts. The addition of CEM changed the plan in 16/20 (80%) and MRI in 17/20 breasts (85%). Identical changes were proposed by both CEM and MRI in 13/20 (65%) breasts. The modified surgical plan based on CI + CEM was possibly appropriate for 6/16 (37.5%), and CI + MRI in 9/17, (52.9%) breasts. The surgery performed was concordant with the mock‐MDT plan for all 10 patients where the plans could be compared (BCS 1, >1 BCS 2 and mastectomy 7).ConclusionAdding CEM or MRI to CI changed mock‐MDT plans in up to one third of women, but not all were appropriate. Changing surgical plans following addition of contrast imaging to CI without biopsy confirmation could lead to over or under‐treatment.
Label‐free proteomic analysis reveals an estrous cycle transition between the follicular phase and the luteal phase in yak ovary
Authors: Chen Hong , Yu Sijiu , Cui Yan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn order to further study the physiological mechanism about yak reproduction for the improvement of its fertility, differentially expressed proteins (DEGs) of the ovary were screened during the follicular and luteal phases of yak based on label‐free quantitative proteomics. The main research results were as follows: it discovered 2867 proteins during the follicular phase and 2180 proteins during the luteal phase, among which there were 2011 proteins of expression during both phases, 856 during the follicular phase, and 169 during the luteal phase. According to the bioinformatics and Gene Ontology analysis, the screened differentially expressed proteins were mostly located in the cell membrane and extracellular region and primarily acted on the activity of laminin. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis indicated that the main involvement of differentially expressed proteins included steroid biosynthesis, chemokine signaling pathway, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, glycerol phospholipid metabolism, carbon metabolism, PI3K‐Akt signaling pathways, PPAR signaling pathways, nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD) receptor signaling pathways, and purine metabolic pathways. Screened proteins related to reproductive function, so as to lay a theoretical foundation for the in‐depth study of the regulation mechanism of yak reproduction and improve its fertility.
Why Do Chinese Private Enterprises Seek Outward Foreign Direct Investment?
Authors: Wang Kui , Tao Shuang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractChina is currently in a period of economic transformation and the reform of the factor market still lags behind that of the product market. This study explores the reasons causing China's private enterprise to expand abroad from the perspective of domestic factor market imperfection. Using data for Chinese listed firms between 2002 and 2020, it examines whether outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) has been undertaken by private enterprises as a response to domestic factor market imperfection. It finds that private enterprises located in regions with greater factor market imperfection have had a greater tendency to engage in OFDI. This effect has been more pronounced among firms with high productivity or high innovation capability, and among medium and small private enterprises.
A systematic review of quality of life and health‐related quality of life as outcomes in substance and behavioural addictions
Authors: Dyer Andrew , Böhnke Jan R. , Curran David , McGrath Katie , Toner Paul 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIssuesConsideration of an individual's quality of life (QoL) can benefit assessment and treatment of addictive disorders, however, uncertainty remains over operationalisation of the construct as an outcome and the appropriateness of existing measures for these populations. This systematic review aimed to identify and evaluate QoL and health‐related QoL outcome instruments used in addiction‐related risk and harm research and map their conceptualised domains.ApproachThree electronic databases and a specialised assessment library were searched on 1 February 2022 for QoL or health‐related QoL outcome instruments used with addiction‐related risk and harm populations. PRISMA reporting guidance was followed and included outcome instruments were appraised using mixed methods. Psychometric evidence supporting their use was summarised. The COSMIN risk of bias tool was used to assess validation studies.Key FindingsA total of 298 articles (330 studies) used 53 outcome instruments and 41 unique domains of QoL. Eleven instruments' psychometric properties were evaluated. No instrument was assessed for any parameter in at least five studies for meta‐analytic pooling. Cronbach's alpha (α) internal consistency was the most widely assessed parameter with the AQoLS, WHOQOL‐BREF, ALQoL‐9, Q‐LES‐Q‐SF, SF‐12, DUQoL, QLI and SF‐36 displaying promising statistics (α > 0.70).Implications and ConclusionMany instruments have been utilised. However, a significant proportion of studies applied a small number of instruments with minimal high‐quality validation evidence supporting their use within addiction‐related risk and harm. Promising instruments are recommended, however, the paucity of supporting evidence limits confidence in the reliability and validity of QoL measurement in these populations.
Next steps in the abortion debate: It is time to consider some overlooked and new data
Authors: Ellingsen Mark 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAs the abortion debate moves into its next stage since The Supreme Court struck down the Roe v. Wade decision, little has changed, except for the dire circumstances in which many pregnant women find themselves. Both sides in the debate continue talking past each other in nasty ways, using the same tired, old arguments. We need more and fresh data really to advance the discussion. This article provides fresh historical, neurobiological, and theological data for the debate. From history we learn that the debate on abortion has not always been about feminism versus conservatives (though the Pro‐Life side has been associated with white nationalism) and that Protestants have not always been divided on the issue. Theologically the author directs us to his previous research indicating that disagreements today among the denominations on the issue have not been theologically related. This has important implications for rendering the debate more civil, since it is not about faith and Biblical fidelity. From Neurobiology, we receive fresh insights about when in the course of a pregnancy the fetus/embryo actually begins to function with a human‐like brain, when it is truly a homo sapiens. In addition to offering reflections on the implications of these insights for the abortion debate, we are reminded that the inputs of history and science are most appropriate inputs for Lutherans committed to using the Two‐Kingdom Ethic in social ethics and politics.
U.S. shale oil production and trend estimation: Forecasting a Hubbert model
Authors: Reynolds Douglas B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractScarcity and growth analyses about energy include forecasting extraction rates of non‐renewable resources while taking into account technological progression. One mechanism, Moore's (1965) Law of technological improvement, encompasses experience enhanced steady cost reductions. Alternatively, synthesis technological change refers to unforeseen innovative breakthroughs. These trends relate to the Hubbert (1956, 1962) Curve of U.S shale oil extraction in the U.S. Lower 48 contiguous states. Price effects, drilling rigs and the price‐to‐drilling rig relationship are analyzed. Results show we are at peak U.S. shale oil, and could experience comprehensive decline. This implies Catton's (1982) “Age of Exuberance,” and “Carrying Capacity” drawdown.
Height and the disease environment of children: The association between mortality and height in the Netherlands 1850–1940
Authors: Quanjer Björn 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHeight and infant mortality are both considered health indicators of a population, yet they tend to be much more strongly correlated in high‐income, low‐mortality populations. This article shows that infant deaths are not representative of the health of survivors as it relates to height because breastfeeding practices shield them from part of the disease environment. Instead, child mortality rates, especially from food and waterborne diseases, capture the disease load that is associated with lower heights better. The period of this study is 1850–1940, with a focus on 1875–1900, as the Netherlands underwent major health and wealth transitions. Individual conscription heights from the Historical Sample of the Netherlands as well as municipal conscription statistics are used. The article takes a diachronic approach to examine how various health indicators have developed over time. The start of the upward trend in heights and the improvement of child mortality rates coincided in four Dutch regions, whereas infant mortality rates followed a different trajectory. Bivariate maps are used to identify municipalities in which infant and child mortality did not correlate. This study adds to both the understanding of heights as a health indicator and local breastfeeding practices in the nineteenth‐century Netherlands.