bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pertanggungjawaban atas Rusaknya Objek Jaminan KPR ( Agunan ) Diakibatkan oleh Force Majeur dalam Perjanjian Kredit
Authors: Yuliana Yuliana 
Published: January 2023

Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kepastian hukum agar dapat meminimalisir kemungkinan terjadinya kerugian akibat debitur yang tidak mampu melunasi hutangnya dan menciptakan keadilan yang berimbang, sehingga perlu adanya format klausula baku yang memuat hak dan kewajiban bagi kedua belah pihak baik itu kreditur maupun debitur tidak terkecuali pula memuat force majeur yang memang sangat penting dimuat dalam perjanjian kredit. Dengan menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum normatif , Penelitian ini bersifat penelitian preskriptif, yaitu suatu penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan saran-saran mengenai apa yang harus dilakukan untuk mengatasi masalah-masalah tertentu. Guna mempelajari tujuan hukum, validasi aturan hukum,konsep-konsep hukum dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan jawaban dan kritisi serta solusi hukum atas permasalahan yang dikaji dalam penelitian hukum ini, yaitu suatu alasan untuk tidak memenuhi pelaksanaan kewajiban karena hilangnya/lenyapnya objek atau tujuan yang menjadi pokok perjanjian serta pertanggungjawaban atas rusaknya atau objek jaminan. Bank selaku Kreditur memiliki kedudukan istimewa dalam perjanjian jaminan Hak Tanggungan karena kedudukannya yang diutamakan dari kreditur-kreditur lainnya dan mempunyai hak mendahului dalam pelunasan hutang, kreditur ini disebut sebagai Kreditur Preference. Dalam sertifikat hak tanggungan sendiri memuat nilai jaminan hak tanggungan yang harusnya bisa digunakan untuk pelunasan utang debitur. Tentunya dalam klausula perjanjian kredit harus dimuat pula klausula upaya pencegahan, alternative penyelesaian masalah dan bentuk force majeur seperti apa saja yang pernah terjadi dan kemungkinan dapat terjadi dikemudian hari perlu dituangkan dalam klausula perjanjian kredit. Mengingat dalam undang undang hak tanggungan tidak mengatur secara khusus terkait force Majeur, hal ini bisa menyebabkan kerugian bagi kreditur maupun debitur sehingga perlindungan Hukum perlu tertuang dalam perjanjian untuk melindungi hak-hak dan kewajiban para pihak dalam perjanjian, agar hukum berimbang memberikan hak kepada debitur berupa hak melakukan pembelaan atas kejadian yang terjadi diluar kuasanya dan itikad baik
Managing the “Obscene M.D.”: Medical Publishing, the Medical Profession, and the Changing Definition of Obscenity in Mid-Victorian England
Authors: Bull Sarah 
Published: January 2023

<p>This article examines links between mid-Victorian opposition to com- merce in popular works on sexual health and the introduction of a legal test of obscenity, in the 1868 trial <em>R. v. Hicklin</em>, that opened the public distribution of any work that contained sexual information to prosecution. The article demonstrates how both campaigning medical journals’ crusades against “obscene quackery” and judicial and anti-vice groups who aimed to protect public morals responded to unruly trade in medical print by linking popular medical works with public cor- ruption. When this link was codified, it became a double-edged sword for medi- cal authorities. The <em>Hicklin </em>test provided these authorities with a blunt tool for disciplining professional medical behavior. However, it also radically narrowed the parameters through which even the most established practitioners could com- municate medical information without risking censure. </p>
Sistem Informasi Bantuan Logistik Korban Bencana Alam
Authors: Muftia Abdul , Belluanoa Poetri Lestari Lokapitasari , Mude Muh. Aliyazid 
Published: January 2023

Sistem Informasi Bantuan Logistik Korban Bencana Alam merupakan suatu sistem berbasis website untuk mengelola dan mengkoordinir data-data dalam proses pendistribusian bantuan logistik pada setiap posko bencana alam. Pada aplikasi sistem informasi yang dibangun menggunakan metode selection sort dalam pengurutan data bantuan logistik korban bencana alam berdasarkan indeks ketersediaan barang secara ascending untuk memudahkan user dalam mencari kebutuhan logistiknya dan descending untuk memudahkan petugas posko induk menentukan bantuan yang harus di prioritaskan pada setiap posko bencana alam. Selain itu sistem yang dibangun dapat menampilkan seluruh data bantuan logistik pada setiap posko. Hasil dari implementasi penelitian ini, diamana sistem yang dibangun dapat menampilkan seluruh data bantuan logistik setiap posko dan adanya pengimplementasian metode selection sort pada sistem yang dirancang mampu mengurutkan data distribusi bantuan logistik secara ascending berdasarkan indeks ketersediaan barang pada halaman distribusi bantuan dan daftar bantuan logistik secara descending pada halaman cari batuan logistik dengan tingkat akurasi sebesar 100% dan kecepatan pengurutan data di bawah 1 detik untuk jumlah data sebanyak 1500 data. Sehingga dapat memudahkan korban bencana alam untuk mencari kebutuhannya, data mempermudah masyarakat untuk memperoleh informasi kebutuhan logistik pada setiap posko bencana alam, dan dapat memudahkan pihak BPBD dalam mengelolah dan mendistribusikan bantuan logistik.
Kolorektal Kanser Hücrelerinde Boraksın Gpx4/ACSL4 Sinyal Yolu Aracılığıyla Sitotoksik Etkileri
Authors: HACIOĞLU Ceyhan , DAVRAN Fatih 
Published: January 2023

Amaç: Kolorektal kanser (CRC), kansere bağlı ölümlerin yaklaşık %10'unu oluşturmasıyla, malignite yönünden üçüncü ve kansere bağlı ölümlerde ikinci sırada yer almaktadır. Ferroptoz, CRC dahil çok sayıda kanserin tedavisinde ilaç direncini önlemede terapötiklerin anti-kanser etkinliğini arttırabilecek potansiyel demire bağlı hücre ölüm yolağıdır. Bu çalışmada CRC hücrelerinde ferroptozu sinyal yolağı üzerinden boraksın anti-proliferatif etkilerini araştırmak amaçlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Öncelikle, boraksın sitotoksik konsantrasyonları (0-64 mM aralığında) 3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-il)-2,5-difenil tetrazolyum bromür (MTT) testi ile belirlendi. Daha sonra sitotoksik boraks konsantrasyonları ile 24 saat inkübe edilen HCT-116 hücrelerinde glutatyon peroksidaz 4 (GPx4), açil-KoA sentetaz uzun zincirli aile üyesi 4 (ACSL4), malondialdehit (MDA) ve 8-hidroksideoksiguanozin (8-OHdG) seviyeleri belirlendi.
Bulgular: 1 ve 4 mM boraks konsantrasyonları hücre canlılığını etkilemezken, 8 mM ve üzerindeki boraks konsantrasyonları HTC-116 hücrelerinde canlılığı anlamlı şekilde düşürmüştür (p
COVID-19 Olası/Kesin Tanılı Hastalarda Serbest Radikal Ve Antioksidan Enzim Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: DAVRAN Fatih , HACIOĞLU Ceyhan , ALPAY Merve , YILDIZ GÜLHAN Pınar , ÖZTÜRK Cihadiye Elif , INCE Nevin , UNLU Elif Nisa , ANNAKKAYA Ali 
Published: January 2023

Amaç: Koronavirüs hastalığı 2019 (COVID-19), küresel halk sağlığını tehdit eden ve bir pandemiye yol açan karmaşık bir hastalık olmasına rağmen, hastalığın patogenezinde yer alan pro-oksidan/oksidan dengesizliğinin katkıları yeterince araştırılmamıştır. Bu nedenle, bu çalışmanın amacı, COVID-19 hastalarında sigara kullanımının oksidatif stres ve antioksidan savunma sistemi biyobelirteçleri üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya katılan kişiler 4 gruba ayrıldı: (Kontrol grubu) COVID-19 tanısı olmayan ve sigara kullanmayan 45 sağlıklı birey, (Grup 2) COVID-19 tanısı olmayan ve sigara kullanan 45 birey, (Grup 3) COVID-19 tanılı ve sigara kullanmayan 45 hasta, (Grup 4) COVID-19 tanılı ve sigara kullanan 45 hasta. Katılımcıların serumlarındaki D-dimer, nitrik oksit (NO), glutatyon redüktaz (GR), süperoksit dismutaz (SOD), katalaz (CAT), malondialdehid (MDA), total antioksidan seviyeleri (TAS) ve total oksidan seviyeleri (TOS) seviyelerini ticari kitler kullanarak ELİSA yöntemine göre analiz edildi.
Bulgular: COVID-19 tanısı alan kişilerdeki D-dimer seviyelerinde anlamlı bir artış söz konusudur (p
Kewajiban Perawat Dalam Pelayanan Gawat Darurat
Authors: Galenso Nitro , Yuwono Dian Kurniasari 
Published: January 2023

Sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman tenaga perawat tentang pelaksanaan praktek keperawatan yang benar sesuai dengan ketentuan perundang-undangan yang telah ditetapkan oleh pemerintah serta sebagai wujud pelaksanaan kerjasama dengan Prodi DIII Keperawatan Luwuk dalam hal Tridharma, maka dilaksanakan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat di Puskesmas Simpong. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini yaitu untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan pemahaman kepada tenaga perawat yang bekerja di Puskesmas Simpong tentang kewajibannya dalam melakukan praktek keperawatan baik di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan maupun praktek mandiri serta kompetensi perawat dalam kondisi kegawatdaruratan. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan adalah dengan melakukan penyuluhan dan tanya jawab. Kegiatan ini melibatkan 13 orang tenaga perawat yang telah ditunjuk oleh kepala puskesmas. Hasil kegiatan adalah semua tenaga perawat yang mengikuti kegiatan ini mengetahui dan memahami prosedur/alur pengurusan STR dan SIPP sesuai dengan ketentuan perundang-undangan dan penatalaksanaan pelayanan pada keadaan gawat darurat serta cara penanganan permasalahan etik yang ditemukan melalui pembuatan SOP/Peraturan serta menginformasikannya agar masyarakat mengetahuinya.
Reliability of foot posture index (FPI-6) for evaluating foot posture in patients with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Wang Yi , Chen Zehua , Wu Zugui , Li Junyi , Li Congcong , Yang Jiaman , Chen Weijian , Ye Zixuan , Shen Xinxin , Jiang Tao , Liu Wengang , Xu Xuemeng 
Published: January 2023

Objective: To determine the reliability of FPI-6 in the assessment of foot posture in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA).Methods: Thirty volunteers with KOA (23 females, 7 males) were included in this study, assessed by two raters and at three different moments. Inter-rater and test-retest reliability were assessed with Cohen’s Weighted Kappa (Kw) and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Bland-Altman plots and respective 95% limits of agreement (LOA) were used to assess both inter-rater and test-retest agreement and identify systematic bias. Moreover, the internal consistency of FPI-6 was assessed by Spearman’s correlation coefficient.Results: FPI-6 total score showed a substantial inter-rater (Kw = .66) and test-retest reliability (Kw = .72). The six items of FPI-6 demonstrated inter-rater and test-retest reliability varying from fair to substantial (Kw = .33 to .76 and Kw = .40 to .78, respectively). Bland-Altman plots and respective 95% LOA indicated that there appeared no systematic bias and the acceptable agreement of FPI-6 total score for inter-rater and test-retest was excellent. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between each item and the total score of FPI-6, which indicated that FPI-6 had good internal consistency.Conclusion: In conclusion, the reliability of FPI-6 total score and the six items of FPI-6 were fair to substantial. The results can provide a reliable way for clinicians and researchers to implement the assessment of foot posture in patients with KOA.
Structural diversity-guided optimization of carbazole derivatives as potential cytotoxic agents
Authors: Gao Zilin , Chen Yu , Nie Yufei , Chen Keming , Cao Xiufang , Ke Shaoyong 
Published: January 2023

Carbazole alkaloids, as an important class of natural products, have been widely reported to have extensive biological activities. Based on our previous three-component reaction to construct carbazole scaffolds, we introduced a methylene group to provide a rotatable bond, and designed series of carbazole derivatives with structural diversity including carbazole amide, carbazole hydrazide and carbazole hydrazone. All synthesized carbazole derivatives were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic activity against 7901 (gastric adenocarcinoma), A875 (human melanoma) and MARC145 (African green monkey kidney) cell lines. The preliminary results indicated that compound 14a exhibited high inhibitory activities on 7901 and A875 cancer cells with the lowest IC50 of 11.8 ± 1.26 and 9.77 ± 8.32 μM, respectively, which might be the new lead compound for discovery of novel carbazole-type anticancer agents.
Growth hormone-releasing hormone agonist attenuates vascular calcification in diabetic db/db mice
Authors: Ren Hao-Lin , Cai Ruiping , Xue Ruize , Zhang Yaoxia , Xu Qian , Zhang Xianyang , Cai RenZhi , Sha Wei , Schally Andrew V. , Zhou Ming-Sheng 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionVascular calcification (VC) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. VC increases mortality of all-causes. VC is one of most common cardiovascular complications in type II diabetes. So far, no therapy has been proven to be effective in treatment of clinical VC. The present study investigated the therapeutic effects of MR409, an agonistic analog of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH-A), on VC in diabetic db/db mice.Method and resultDiabetic mice were injected with MR409 subcutaneously every day for 8 weeks. Long-term treatment with MR409 improved serum lipid profile and endothelium-dependent relaxation to acetylcholine, and reduced vascular structural injury in diabetic mice without affecting serum growth hormone level. Echocardiography showed that calcium plaques present in heart valve of diabetic mice disappeared in diabetic mice after treatment with MR409. MR409 inhibited vascular calcium deposition associated with a marked reduction in the expressions of osteogenic-regulated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and transcription osteogenic marker gene Runx2 in diabetic mice. MR409 also inhibited vascular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and upregulated the expressions of anti-calcifying protein Klotho in diabetic mice.DiscussionOur results demonstrate that GHRH-A MR409 can effectively attenuate VC and heart valve calcification, and protect against endothelial dysfunction and vascular injury in diabetic mice without significantly affecting pituitary-growth hormone axis. The mechanisms may involve upregulation of anti-calcifying protein Klotho and reduction in vascular ROS and the expression of redox sensitive osteogenic genes Runx2 and ALP. GHRH-A may represent a new pharmacological strategy for treatment of VC and diabetics associated cardiovascular complications.
The coal-forming environment during mass extinction in the latest permian: Evidence from geochemistry of rare Earth elements
Authors: Wang Juan , Shao Longyi , Yan Zhiming , Wang Xuetian 
Published: January 2023

The C1 coal of Latest Permian during mass extinction in eastern Yunnan was studied to reveal the terrestrial paleoenvironment and influence of geological events on coal-formation during mass extinction. An analysis of Rare Earth Elements (REEs) was conducted on the C1 coal from the Yantang Mine of Xuanwei, eastern Yunnan Province, which was deposited during the latest Permian. A total of 24 samples from coals, partings, roofs and floors from the C1 coal were taken from the fresh face in the underground mine. The results of the REEs analysis indicated that the total REE content (∑REE) in the C1 coal varies from 23.99 μg/g to 267.94 μg/g, averaged 122.69 μg/g. The C1 coal is enriched in light REE (LREE) relative to heavy REE (HREE), signifying the fractionation between LREE and HREE. Most samples of the coal seam C1 are depleted in Eu in various degrees and slightly depleted in Ce, especially two partings in sub-seams B1 and B3 which show the significant negative Eu anomalies. The geochemical characteristics of REE reveal that the C1 coal was deposited in a weak oxidation environment; the sedimentary environment was turbulent during the middle-later stage of coal-forming process; the C1 coal was affected by the basalt clastic materials from the Khangdian Oldland and acidic synsedimentary volcanic ash in the coal-forming period. The geochemical characteristics of Tonsteins in C1 coal are similar to those of marine Permian-Triassic boundary (PTB) volcanic ash layers in South China, which are both derived from the felsic volcanism caused by the closure of the Paleo-Tethys at the southwestern margin of the South China. Furthermore, the C1 coal was also affected by the eruption of Siberian large igneous province (SLIP) in the early stage.
The simultaneous removal of cadmium (II) and lead (II) from wastewater with the application of green synthesized magnesium silicate hydrate
Authors: Qing Zhang , Guijian Liu , Shuchuan Peng , Chuncai Zhou 
Published: January 2023

To the purpose of solving the problems of coal-gangue accumulation in the mine and pollution of cadmium (II) and lead (II) in wastewater, magnesium silicate hydrate (M-S-H) was synthesized from coal-gangue by thermochemical. M-S-H had removed Cd(II) and Pb(II) by adsorption. The characterization of M-S-H and adsorption effects factors, including initial solution pH, initial metal concentration, adsorbent dose, temperature, reaction time, and coexisting ions were explored for adsorption performance. The solution pH was precisely controlled by a pH meter. The adsorption temperature was controlled by a thermostatic gas bath oscillator with an error of ±0.3. These results from this study revealed that M-S-H surface area increased from 8.12 to 26.15 m2/g with a pore volume of 0.12 cm3/g. The maximum adsorptions of Cd(II) and Pb(II) by M-S-H were 59.52 and 83.33 mg g−1, respectively. The adsorption performance for Cd(II) and Pb(II) reached saturation at pH 5, temperature 25°C, M-S-H 6 g/L, reaction time 90 min, and metal concentration 300 mg/L. Cd(II) and Pb(II) adsorption were spontaneous and endothermic and well fitted with the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm adsorption models. The adsorption mechanisms were electrostatic interaction, ion exchange, and surface complexation. This research indicated that the synthesized M-S-H from coal gangue was efficiently eliminated metal ions from water, opening up new possibilities for coal gangue reuse.
Development and application of a borehole stress meter in rocks surrounding the roadway, based on optical-fiber sensing technology
Authors: Xie Xiaoping , Fang Xinqiu , Liu Hongyang , Xing Xiaopeng , Liang Minfu , Wu Gang , Chen Ningning 
Published: January 2023

Stress in rock masses is an important parameter in the design and construction of underground engineering, such as the design and maintenance of mine roadways and the design of mining working faces. It is also a fundamental force causing the deformation and failure of geotechnical engineering excavation. At present, the abutment-pressure monitoring technology of the surrounding rocks of the coal mine roadway in China is not intelligent and systematic and lacks some high-precision sensing instruments and multi-functional monitoring systems. The mechanical model of the rocks surrounding the borehole was constructed by theoretical analysis of problems in the stress monitoring technology for underground rock masses in coal mines. Additionally, the interaction between the surrounding rocks and the borehole stress meter was analyzed. The borehole stress meters for tubular-structure fiber Bragg grating (TS-FBG) and cystic-structure fiber Bragg grating (CS-FBG) were designed by combining the sensing principle and sensing characteristics of fiber Bragg grating, and the performance of the two kinds of fiber Bragg grating borehole stress meters was compared by laboratory test. The track roadway of the 14,301 tested working faces in the Shaqu Coal Mine was taken as an example, and the stress of the rocks surrounding the 14,301-track roadway was monitored in real time by CS-FBG borehole stress meter during the mining of the working face. The following conclusions are drawn from the field application. The rig-site utilization results revealed obvious stress growth and stress peak zones in the mining-stress change curves of each measuring point on the two sides of the 14,301-track roadway in the process of mining the tested working face. Additionally, there were four stages: rapid rise, uniform growth, rapid rise to the peak, and rapid decline. Maximum stress monitored by the second station was 18.5 MPa, and the influence range of stress was over 140 m. Maximum stress monitored by the first measuring station was 19 MPa, the influence range of stress was about 80 m, and the peak stress position was about 20 m in front of the coal wall. Rig-site utilization proved the design of the CS-FBG borehole stress meter to be reasonable. Performance was stable and reliable, and the successful operation of field monitoring achieved the expected effect.
Numerical computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation study based on plunger gas lift test
Authors: Li Nan , Cao Guangqiang , Jiang Yixin , Gao Haohong , Wang Haoyu , Wu Qiubo , Qi Wei , Ma Wentao 
Published: January 2023

In order to explore the feasibility of the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method for plunger gas lift and the flow pattern in a long wellbore, a lab simulation test was conducted to verify the reliability of the CFD simulation results. Verification data were provided for CFD simulation through carrying out a plunger gas lift lab test for vertical wells, identifying the plunger movement patterns and delivery rates under different flow pressures, and determining the minimum plunger startup pressure or differential pressure and leakage, and an identical CFD physical model was created on the basis of the lab test model, CFD dynamic grid programming and CFD simulation were conducted under test conditions, and a comparison of the simulation and test results was made to identify the calculation accuracy and the rationality of the CFD model and method; finally, boundary conditions such as temperature and pressure were set according to the actual long wellbore (200 m) conditions, the CFD simulation was performed, and the impacts of the downhole conditions on the gas lift performance were analyzed, so as to develop CFD calculation methods to predict the bottom-hole flow pressure, plunger speed, and delivery rate. The results show: the average plunger speed range is 7.74–22.5 m/s when the flow pressure varies from 199.77 to 632.93 kPa, and the leakage rate increases in a nearly linear way with the speed; compared with the lab test results, the simulation results from the created dynamic grid model and multi-phase turbulent flow model have the leakage error of 7.2% and the plunger speed average error is smaller than 11.1%; under long-wellbore conditions, the plunger lift speed shows the change pattern of increasing and then decreasing, the wellbore pressure has a wave-like drop, and in addition to this pressure drop characteristic, the fact that the plunger startup pressure differential increases with the wellhead pressure should be considered (when the bottom-hole pressure is 15 MPa, the wellhead pressure must not exceed 10 MPa).
Present-day kinematics and seismic potential of the Ganzi-Yushu fault, eastern Tibetan plateau, constrained from InSAR
Authors: Zhao Ningyuan , Ji Lingyun , Zhang Wenting , Xu Xiaoxue , Wang Jinshuo 
Published: January 2023

In recent years, earthquakes have occurred frequently on the southeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau, and the seismic hazard is high. However, because of the remote location of the Ganzi-Yushu fault zone, no high-resolution geodetic measurements of this region have been made. The radar line-of-sight deformation field of the Ganzi-Yushu fault was obtained using seven-track ascending and descending Sentinel-A/B interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data from 2014 to 2020. Using the InSAR and published Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data, we calculated the 3D deformation field in the study area, investigated the segment-specific fault slip rate, and inverted the fault slip distribution pattern using the steepest descent method. We then evaluated the seismic hazard using the strain rate field and slip deficit rate. The main findings of this study include the following. 1) The slip rate of the Ganzi-Yushu fault gradually increases from 2.5 to 6.8 mm/yr from northwest to southeast. 2) A high-resolution strain rate map shows high-value anomalies in the Yushu and Dangjiang areas. 3) Our comprehensive analysis suggests that the seismic hazard of the Dangjiang and Dengke segments with high slip deficits cannot be ignored.