bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparison of the preemptive effects of oral pregabalin and gabapentin on acute postoperative sedation and complications in patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery
Authors: Samarah Bushra Mousa , Shehada Fatema Amer , Qaddumi Jamal , Almasry Nour Aldin , Alkhawaldeh Abdullah , ALBashtawy Mohammed , Alyahya Mohammed , ALBashtawy Sa’d , AL-Awamreh Khetam , Saifan Ahmad , ALBashtawy Bayan , Abdalrahim Asem , ALBashtawy Zaid 
Published: January 2023

Background: Gabapentinoids are often administered preoperatively, as they have been shown to reduce postoperative opioid consumption and pain scores however sedation has always been a concern because of sedative side effect. Objective: This study was intended to compare oral gabapentin versus oral pregabalin sedative effects and complications in patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery under general anaesthesia. Methods: This study was a true experimental randomised, placebo-controlled, prospective study, conducted at Rafedia Government Surgical Hospital in Nablus, Palestine. The sample consisted of 60 male and female patients undergoing elective lumbar spine surgeries in the department of neurology and aged from 18 to 70 years. The patients were divided into three groups (20 patients each): The pregabalin 150mg group, the gabapentin group and the placebo group. Findings: Nearly 51.7% of the participants reported that they experienced a feeling of nausea or vomiting after the operation. There were statistically significant differences (p-value = 0.008) between the groups in how often complications happen after surgery. Conclusions: Preemptive pregabalin (150mg) was established to have a more sedative effect and lowered complications than gabapentin (300mg).
Incorporating new ways of doing by learning from everyday experiences and interactions using a multifactorial mHealth app
Authors: Mälstam Emelie , Patomella Ann-Helen , Asaba Eric 
Published: January 2023

Background Digital health innovations can support the prevention and management of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, such as stroke. However, little is known about people's everyday experiences of digitally augmented stroke-prevention programmes combining onsite group sessions including peers and healthcare professionals with interaction and support from a multifactorial mHealth app. Objective The aim of this study was to explore how people with stroke risk experienced interaction with a multifactorial mHealth app as support in the make my day stroke-prevention programme. Methods Repeated interviews and observations with 12 adults with moderate to high stroke risk were analysed using a constant comparative method informed by constructive grounded theory. Results Incorporating new ways of doing into everyday life involves a process through which participants learn from both being and doing in different environments (e.g., digital, physical and social). Digital self-monitoring combined with seemingly trivial everyday experiences played central roles in the process of increasing awareness of health and stroke risks, and providing tools to support increased self-reflection on everyday behaviours. Adoption of positive health behaviours in everyday life was supported or hindered by how easy to use and personally relevant the mHealth app was perceived to be. Conclusions An experience-based group programme together with a personally relevant multifactorial mHealth app can be supportive in stroke prevention to increase general health literacy and stroke risk literacy, and promote the incorporation of new ways of doing in everyday life. Routines of doing digital self-monitoring and health-promoting activities were however strongly influenced by different environments in which choices are presented. It is therefore important to explore how both self-monitoring and health-promoting activities can be incorporated into everyday routines for different individuals. Research should also explore how personally relevant mHealth can be developed and integrated into prevention practices in primary healthcare.
Application of opioid-free general anesthesia for gynecological laparoscopic surgery under ERAS protocol: a non-inferiority randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chen Liang , He Wensheng , Liu Xue , Lv Fahui , Li Yuanhai 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is now widely used in various surgical fields including gynecological laparoscopic surgery, but the advantages of opioid-free anesthesia (OFA) in gynecological laparoscopic surgery under ERAS protocol are inexact.

Aims
This study aims to assess the effectiveness and feasibility of OFA technique versus traditional opioid-based anesthesia (OA) technique in gynecological laparoscopic surgery under ERAS.

Methods
Adult female patients aged 18 ~ 65 years old undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery were randomly divided into OFA group (Group OFA, n = 39) with esketamine and dexmedetomidine or OA group (Group OA, n = 38) with sufentanil and remifentanil. All patients adopted ERAS protocol. The primary outcome was the area under the curve (AUC) of Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores (AUCVAS) postoperatively. Secondary outcomes included intraoperative hemodynamic variables, awakening and orientation recovery times, number of postoperative rescue analgesia required, incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) perioperatively.

Results
AUCVAS was (Group OFA, 16.72 ± 2.50) vs (Group OA, 15.99 ± 2.72) (p = 0.223). No difference was found in the number of rescue analgesia required (p = 0.352). There were no between-group differences in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) (p = 0.211 and 0.659, respectively) except MAP at time of surgical incision immediately [(Group OFA, 84.38 ± 11.08) vs. (Group OA, 79.00 ± 8.92), p = 0.022]. Times of awakening and orientation recovery in group OFA (14.54 ± 4.22 and 20.69 ± 4.92, respectively) were both longer than which in group OA (12.63 ± 3.59 and 18.45 ± 4.08, respectively) (p = 0.036 and 0.033, respectively). The incidence of PONV in group OFA (10.1%) was lower than that in group OA (28.9%) significantly (p = 0.027). The postoperative PSQI was lower than the preoperative one in group OFA (p = 0.013).

Conclusion
In gynecological laparoscopic surgery under ERAS protocol, OFA technique is non-inferior to OA technique in analgesic effect and intraoperative anesthesia stability. Although awakening and orientation recovery times were prolonged compared to OA, OFA had lower incidence of PONV and improved postoperative sleep quality.

Trial registration
ChiCTR2100052761, 05/11/2021.
Associated factors for prenatally diagnosed fetal congenital heart diseases
Authors: Ruan Yanping , Xie Zan , Liu Xiaowei , He Yihua 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective
Current studies have suggested that fetal congenital heart diseases (CHDs) are caused by various factors. However, few data in this field is available in China.
This study aimed to detect associated factors of prenatally diagnosed fetal CHD in a large sample in China.

Study design
Pregnant women who underwent fetal echocardiography were recruited in our hospital between May 2018 and September 2019. The maternal sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics and some fetal factors were obtained. We used forward stepwise logistic regression analysis to assess risk of fetal CHD associated with various factors.

Results
A total of 5024 subjects were enrolled, of whom 875 had CHD fetuses. Among the fetal CHD group (N = 875), critical CHDs account for 27%, of which Tetralogy of Fallot is the most (7.1%), followed by coarctation of aorta (4.0%), double-outlet right ventricle (2.9%). The forward stepwise logistic regression models revealed that history of spontaneous abortion (OR = 1.59, 95% CI 1.33–1.91, P = 0.000), upper respiratory tract infection during early pregnancy (OR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.04–1.62, P = 0.020), mental stress during early pregnancy (OR = 2.37, 95% CI 1.15–4.91, P = 0.020), single umbilical artery (OR = 2.30, 95% CI 1.18–4.51, P = 0.015), and paternal smoking (OR = 1.21, 95% CI 1.02–1.44, P = 0.027) are positively associated with an increased risk of fetal CHD.

Conclusion
We identified several factors positively associated with fetal CHD. These findings suggest that it is important to strengthen healthcare and prenatal counseling for women with these factors.
A survey with interventional components delivered on tablet devices versus usual care to increase pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake among cisgender Black women: a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hill Mandy J. , Heads Angela M. , Suchting Robert , Stotts Angela L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundCisgender (cis) Black women in the USA are more likely to become HIV positive during their lifetime than other women. We developed and implemented a behavioral intervention, Increasing PrEP (iPrEP), the first pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) aimed at motivating cis Black women to be willing to use PrEP for HIV prevention and attend an initial PrEP clinic visit following an emergency department visit.MethodsEligible participants were Black cisgender women ages 18–55 years who acknowledged recent condomless sex and substance use. Participants were randomized to iPrEP or usual care (UC). iPrEP is a survey-based intervention designed to raise awareness and knowledge about PrEP. Participants completed an assessment of knowledge of and willingness to use PrEP before and after the intervention, then received a warm-hand off with referral to a local PrEP clinic. Enrolled participants were followed for 6 months.ResultsForty enrolled participants were ages 18–54 years. Education levels varied evenly between some high school education and graduate education. Most participants were single (n = 25) or married (n = 7). Twenty-two participants were employed full-time. Pre-test results indicated that 21 of 40 participants had heard of PrEP. All participants identified PrEP as a daily HIV prevention medication. For those randomized to iPrEP, the odds of knowing about PrEP at post-test, when controlling for baseline, were higher relative to UC (OR = 5.22, 95%CrI = 0.50, 94.1]. iPrEP did not have any effect on willingness relative to UC. The estimate for iPrEP on willingness is marginally higher (4.16 vs. 4.04; i.e., 0.12 points higher); however, the posterior probability of 67.9% does not suggest a strong degree of evidence in favor of an effect. During the post-test, those receiving iPrEP were less ready to take PrEP than those receiving UC.ConclusionsFindings suggest that iPrEP increased knowledge about the PrEP medication but had a negative impact on readiness to take PrEP relative to UC. It is imperative that future research among cisgender Black women carefully considers the content provided in interventions designed to increase PrEP use, balancing the benefits of PrEP with the side effects and daily pill burden.Trial registration: clinicaltrial.gov Identifier: NCT03930654, 29/04/2019.
Advanced Ann Arbor stage and age over 60 years as prognostic predictors in patients with primary cervical lymphoma: a retrospective cohort study and systematic review
Authors: Gao Lingyun , Chen Xiaoran , Zhao Jing , Xu Anli , Liu Meijuan , Yu Hongna , Kong Shujun , Li Sijian 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and recurrence-free survival (RFS) for primary cervical lymphoma (PCL), an extremely rare disease without treatment consensus.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective study included 177 patients, including 169 cases identified from literature review. The Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox regression were used to determine the OS, DSS, RFS, and relevant risk factors.

Results
The 5-year OS and 5-year DSS rates were 85.8 and 87.2%, respectively, while the 5-year RFS rate was 85.5%. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was the predominant subtype that comprised 63.8% (113 cases) in this cohort. Multivariate analysis in the DLBCL subgroup revealed that age ≥ 60 years (Odds ratio [OR]: 26.324, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 5.090–136.144, P < 0.001) or stage IIIE-IVE (advanced stage) (OR: 4.219, 95%CI: 1.314–13.551, P = 0.016) were the risk factors for OS, while patients with age ≥ 60 years (OR:23.015, 95%CI: 3.857–137.324, P = 0.001), and stage IIIE-IVE (OR: 4.056, 95% CI: 1.137–14.469, P = 0.031) suffered a poor DSS. Chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy improved the OS (P = 0.008), DSS (P = 0.049), and RFS (P = 0.003). However, cancer-directed surgery did not improve the OS, DSS, and RFS. The risk factor was unavailable in other subtypes of PCL due to limited cases.

Conclusion
The survival outcomes in patients with PCL at early stage were satisfactory, while the advanced disease stage and age ≥ 60 years were the two major factors predicting poor prognosis in DLBCL subtype.
Consultations for refractory cases in mental health services: a descriptive study
Authors: Stringer B. , Mocking R. J. T. , Rammers D. , Koekkoek B. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Yearly, almost six percent, which is more than 1,000.000 people, in the Netherlands receive mental health treatment, which usually improves their quality of life. Concurrently, mental healthcare professionals recognize clinically refractory cases in which improvement fails to occur, with severe ongoing burdens for patients. The Dutch Centre for Consultation and Expertise (CCE) is available to support such refractory cases. The Dutch government’s (financial) facilitation of consultation through the CCE is unique in the world. CCE consultations provide therefore unique insight into and an overview of refractory cases in mental health services. The objective of this study was to gain insight into the commonalities underlying the reasons for CCE consultations and the solutions proposed that play roles in (the reduction of) refractory cases for which consultation has been requested.

Methods
This descriptive study was conducted with quantitative and qualitative data from 472 CCE consultations in the Netherlands. Using descriptive statistics and thematic content analysis, four exemplary situations were distilled from the qualitative data.

Results
Most (83%) cases in the sample could be explained with four exemplary situations involving self-harm (24.2%), aggression (21.8%), self-neglect (24.4%), and socially unacceptable behavior (12.5%), respectively. Each situation could be characterized by a specific interaction pattern that unintentionally maintained or aggravated the situation. At the time of closure of the consultation applicants’ questions had been answered and their situations had improved in 60.4% of cases.

Conclusions
This study offers an overview of approaches that provided new perspectives for patients and professionals in many refractory cases in the Dutch mental health services.
Ethnic inequalities in multiple long-term health conditions in the United Kingdom: a systematic review and narrative synthesis
Authors: Hayanga Brenda , Stafford Mai , Bécares Laia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIndicative evidence suggests that minoritised ethnic groups have higher risk of developing multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs), and do so earlier than the majority white population. While there is evidence on ethnic inequalities in single health conditions and comorbidities, no review has attempted to look across these from a MLTCs perspective. As such, we currently have an incomplete understanding of the extent of ethnic inequalities in the prevalence of MLTCs. Further, concerns have been raised about variations in the way ethnicity is operationalised and how this impedes our understanding of health inequalities. In this systematic review we aimed to 1) describe the literature that provides evidence of ethnicity and prevalence of MLTCs amongst people living in the UK, 2) summarise the prevalence estimates of MLTCs across ethnic groups and 3) to assess the ways in which ethnicity is conceptualised and operationalised. We focus on the state of the evidence prior to, and during the very early stages of the pandemic. We registered the protocol on PROSPERO (CRD42020218061). Between October and December 2020, we searched ASSIA, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, OpenGrey, and reference lists of key studies/reviews. The main outcome was prevalence estimates for MLTCs for at least one minoritised ethnic group, compared to the majority white population. We included studies conducted in the UK reporting on ethnicity and prevalence of MLTCs. To summarise the prevalence estimates of MLTCs across ethnic groups we included only studies of MLTCs that provided estimates adjusted at least for age. Two reviewers screened and extracted data from a random sample of studies (10%). Data were synthesised using narrative synthesis. Of the 7949 studies identified, 84 met criteria for inclusion. Of these, seven contributed to the evidence of ethnic inequalities in MLTCs. Five of the seven studies point to higher prevalence of MLTCs in at least one minoritised ethnic group compared to their white counterparts. Because the number/types of health conditions varied between studies and some ethnic populations were aggregated or omitted, the findings may not accurately reflect the true level of ethnic inequality. Future research should consider key explanatory factors, including those at the macrolevel (e.g. racism, discrimination), as they may play a role in the development and severity of MLTCs in different ethnic groups. Research is also needed to ascertain the extent to which the COVID19 pandemic has exacerbated these inequalities.
The association between chronic conditions, COVID-19 infection, and food insecurity among the older US adults: findings from the 2020–2021 National Health Interview Survey
Authors: Cai Jiahui , Bidulescu Aurelian 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aims to examine how the presence of chronic conditions or positive COVID-19 infection (as exposures) is related to food insecurity (as an outcome) in the older population and whether there is a dose–response relationship between the number of chronic conditions and the severity of food insecurity.

Methods
Cross-sectional data of 17,977 older adults (≥ 65 years) from the 2020–2021 National Health Interview Survey were analyzed. Chronic conditions included physical health conditions (i.e., arthritis, coronary heart diseases, hypertension, stroke, prediabetes, diabetes, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and disability) and mental health conditions (i.e., anxiety and depression disorder). COVID-19 infection status was determined by a self-reported diagnosis of COVID-19. Household food insecurity was measured using the 10-item US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Security Survey Module with a 30-day look-back window. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to examine the association between health conditions and food insecurity controlling for socio-demographic factors.

Results
Our results indicated that 4.0% of the older adults lived in food-insecure households. The presence of chronic conditions was significantly associated with higher odds of being food insecure independent of socio-demographic factors (AOR ranged from 1.17 to 3.58, all p < 0.0001). Compared with participants with 0–1 chronic condition, the odds of being (low or very low) food insecure was 1.09 to 4.07 times higher for those with 2, or ≥ 3 chronic conditions (all p < 0.0001). The severity of food insecurity significantly increased as the number of chronic conditions increased (p for trend < 0.0001). Besides, COVID-infected participants were 82% more likely to be very low food secure than the non-infected participants (AOR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.80, 1.84).

Conclusions
The presence of chronic conditions or positive COVID-infection is independently associated with household food insecurity. Clinical health professionals may help identify and assist individuals at risk of food insecurity. Management and improvement of health conditions may help reduce the prevalence and severity of food insecurity in the older population.
Black heterosexual men’s resilience in times of HIV adversity: findings from the “weSpeak” study
Authors: Antabe Roger , McIntosh Martin , Lawson Erica , Husbands Winston , Wong Josephine Pui-Hing , Arku Godwin , Luginaah Isaac 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn Canada, heterosexual African, Caribbean and Black (ACB) men tend to suffer a disproportionate burden of HIV. Consequently, studies have examined the underlying contributors to this disparity through the nexus of behavioral and structural factors. While findings from these studies have been helpful, their use of deficit and risk models only furthers our knowledge of why ACB men are more vulnerable to HIV infection. Thus far, there is a dearth of knowledge on how heterosexual ACB men mobilize protective assets to promote their resilience against HIV infection.MethodsAs part of a larger Ontario-based project called weSpeak, this study examined how ACB men acquire protective assets to build their resilience to reduce their HIV vulnerability. We analyzed three focus group discussions (n = 17) and 13 in-depth interviews conducted with ACB men using NVivo and a mixed inductive-deductive thematic analyses approach.ResultsThe findings show that ACB men mostly relied on personal coping strategies, including sexual abstinence, to build resilience against HIV. Interpersonal resources such as family, friends, and religious communities also played an important role in constructing ACB men’s resilience. ACB men bemoaned their lack of access to essential institutional resources, such as health services, that are important in managing HIV adversity.ConclusionBased on these findings, there is an urgent need for HIV policy stakeholders, including service providers, to engage the ACB community in the design of intervention programs. Additionally, addressing the socioeconomic disadvantages faced by ACB communities will increase the capacity of ACB men to develop resilience against HIV.
Disseminated cryptococcal infection with pulmonary involvement presenting as diffuse cavitary nodules in an immunocompromised patient: a case report
Authors: Huang Jinbao , Li Hongyan , Lan Changqing , Weng Heng 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Disseminated cryptococcal infection is especially prone to occur in immunosuppressed hosts. We herein report the case of an immunosuppressed girl with disseminated cryptococcal infection in whom pulmonary cryptococcosis (PC) presented as diffuse cavitary pulmonary nodules, a finding which has rarely been reported.

Case presentation
A 16-year-old immunocompromised girl presented with fever and a non-productive cough. A chest computed tomography (CT) scan revealed diffuse pulmonary nodules with cavities. Subsequent results were consistent with disseminated cryptococcosis with Cryptococcus identified in her blood, bone marrow and cerebrospinal fluid cultures. Thus, the patient was diagnosed with disseminated cryptococcal infection with PC, cryptococcus meningitis, cryptococcus osteomyelitis and cryptococcus sepsis. After antifungal treatment, the patient demonstrated both clinical and chest radiological improvement.

Conclusion
The atypical clinical manifestations of a disseminated cryptococcal infection and the rare manner of chest CT findings of PC reported in our case are easy to misdiagnose. It is necessary to carry out a thorough search for a definitive diagnosis using various methods.