bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cooling-induced permeability enhancement for networks of microfractures in superhot geothermal environments
Authors: Goto Ryota , Nakayama Daisuke , Takahashi Ryota , Pramudyo Eko , Takuma Kohei , Watanabe Noriaki 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRecent researches have proposed the use of enhanced geothermal system reservoirs consisting of dense networks of microfractures, created by hydraulic and/or thermal fracturing in superhot/supercritical geothermal environments, because of their suitability for thermal energy harvesting. During fracturing and energy extraction, the fracture networks are exposed to cooling due to the injection of cold fluid into the reservoirs. Previous studies showed such cooling enhanced reservoir permeability in conventional geothermal environments. However, the cooling may result in a higher risk of seismicity, owing to decreased normal stress on the fractures. Nevertheless, it is unclear whether cooling-induced permeability enhancement and a higher risk of seismicity occurs within networks of microfractures which consist of numerous interconnected microfractures at various orientations to the in situ triaxial stress. Thus, no dominant fractures have the possibility to cause permeability enhancement/induced seismicity. In this study, results are presented for borehole cooling experiments on a dense network of microfractures in granite, at 400 °C, under true triaxial stress. Permeability and acoustic emissions were measured with decreases in borehole temperature (up to ~ 90 °C). Results showed that permeability increased with increasing temperature drop at relatively low stress levels (15 and 20 MPa). The permeability enhancement occurred without intensive failure, and was reversible. However, permeability was almost constant at a higher stress level (65 MPa). Results showed that permeability enhancement required a thermal stress equivalent to the mean stress, so that the normal stress was reduced to near-zero, for a considerable amount of the microfractures. Additionally, the permeability of dense microfracture networks can be increased by cooling primarily through thermo-elastic deformation (without intensive failure), which may be useful to compensate for the reduction in injectivity due to cooling-induced fluid property changes.
Twitter sentiment analysis using hybrid gated attention recurrent network
Authors: Parveen Nikhat , Chakrabarti Prasun , Hung Bui Thanh , Shaik Amjan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSentiment analysis is the most trending and ongoing research in the field of data mining. Nowadays, several social media platforms are developed, among that twitter is a significant tool for sharing and acquiring peoples’ opinions, emotions, views, and attitudes towards particular entities. This made sentiment analysis a fascinating process in the natural language processing (NLP) domain. Different techniques are developed for sentiment analysis, whereas there still exists a space for further enhancement in accuracy and system efficacy. An efficient and effective optimization based feature selection and deep learning based sentiment analysis is developed in the proposed architecture to fulfil it. In this work, the sentiment 140 dataset is used for analysing the performance of proposed gated attention recurrent network (GARN) architecture. Initially, the available dataset is pre-processed to clean and filter out the dataset. Then, a term weight-based feature extraction termed Log Term Frequency-based Modified Inverse Class Frequency (LTF-MICF) model is used to extract the sentiment-based features from the pre-processed data. In the third phase, a hybrid mutation-based white shark optimizer (HMWSO) is introduced for feature selection. Using the selected features, the sentiment classes, such as positive, negative, and neutral, are classified using the GARN architecture, which combines recurrent neural networks (RNN) and attention mechanisms. Finally, the performance analysis between the proposed and existing classifiers is performed. The evaluated performance metrics and the gained value for such metrics using the proposed GARN are accuracy 97.86%, precision 96.65%, recall 96.76% and f-measure 96.70%, respectively.
DSN enzyme recognition initiated rolling circle amplification (DiRCA) for accurate miRNA detection in immune response and immune repair after trauma
Authors: Mei Yi , Zhang Jun , Zhu Li , Li Tianjiao , Zhou Hong , Xie Mingjia , Zeng Dongmei , Gou Yajun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRecent studies have reported that miRNA plays an important role in immune response and immune repair after trauma. By regulating the expression of related target genes, miRNA regulates the production, proliferation, development and immune response of immune cells. Therefore, it is in urgent demand to develop an novel method for miRNA analysis. Rolling circle amplification (RCA), as an attractive isothermal signal amplification strategy, has been widely utilized in constructing miRNA detection assays. However, accurate and sensitive miRNA quantitative determination remains a huge challenge for RCA based approaches. Herein, we propose a DSN enzyme based signal cycle initiated Rolling Circle Amplification assay (DiRCA) for sensitive and accurate miRNA detection. In DiRCA, target miRNA unfolds hairpin structure probe in the detection scaffold, forming a RNA–DNA duplex. DSN enzyme is utilized to specifically digest the DNA sequence in RNA–DNA duplex, releasing miRNA to form a signal cycle; its capability to distinguish one base pair mismatch in RNA–DNA duplex endows DiRCA a high selectivity. Meanwhile, DSN enzyme based cleavage initiates RCA, transcribing G-rich sequences for signal generation. Based on the DSN assisted signal cycle and RCA, DiRCA shows a low limit of detection of 0.43 fM and a superior capability in selectively detecting mismatched miRNA sequences, showing a promising prospect in the early-diagnosis of disease.
Stabilization and structuralization: transformations of China's labor market from the perspective of new institutionalism (2006–2017)
Authors: Zhu Bin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPrecarious work in China has drawn increasing attention, and this paper examines its changing trends from 2006 to 2017. It finds that as the state intensifies its intervention in the labor market, employers face a conflicting institutional environment with the demands of the technological environment. Employers meet the legitimacy requirements of state policy by increasing the number of stable jobs on the one hand and reducing the labor costs of unstable workers on the other hand to smooth out the increase in labor costs caused by the increase in stable workers, resulting in a stronger segmentation of the “stable–unstable” dichotomy. These two processes are more pronounced in the private sector because of the stronger tensions between legitimization and performance maximization.
Food insecurity, body mass index, socio-economic status, and food intake in lactating and non-lactating mothers with children under two years
Authors: Rajabzadeh-Dehkordi Milad , Mohammadi-Nasrabadi Fatemeh , Nouri Mehran , Ahmadi Ali , Faghih Shiva 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
food insecurity (FI) is considered as an essential public health problem which may have detrimental effects on people’s health. The aim of present study was to evaluate FI, body mass index, quantity and quality of food intake in lactating and non-lactating mothers with children under two years.

Methods
in this cross-sectional study 307 mothers (237 lactating and 70 non-lactating) were participated. Socio-economic and demographic information were gathered by questionnaires. FI of families was evaluated by the questionnaire of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Household Food Security. For assessing quality and quantity of food intake of mothers, dietary diversity score (DDS), diet quality index-international (DQI-I) and nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) were calculated. Weight and height of participants were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Finally, Chi-squared test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and linear regression were used for statistical analysis.

Results
in this study the rate of underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity in mothers was 0.3%, 39.2%, 42.3%, and 18.2%, respectively. Among the determinants of BMI, household food security status had the greatest effect (Beta=-1.584, P < 0.001) and mother age had the least effect (Beta = 0.101, P = 0.013). Mother’s occupational and educational status, having facilities, physiological status of mother, and house size had significant correlation with NAR. Mother’s occupational and educational status, and having facilities had significant relationship with DDS, too. Also, the significant correlation of Mother’s education, having facilities, and physiological status of mother with DQI-I were found.

Conclusions
we found that Household food security status had the most effect on BMI of mothers. In this study, the best nutrient adequacy and dietary diversity were found in the obese group and the most diet quality was found in the normal weight group.
Predominance of multidrug-resistant bacteria causing urinary tract infections among men with prostate enlargement attending a tertiary hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: Niccodem Elieshiupendo M. , Mwingwa Anthon , Shangali Aminiel , Manyahi Joel , Msafiri Frank , Matee Mecky , Majigo Mtebe , Joachim Agricola 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Patients with prostate enlargement have an increased risk of recurrent urinary tract infections. This study determined the resistance profile of bacteria causing urinary tract infection (UTI) and the magnitude of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria among patients with symptomatic prostate enlargement in a tertiary hospital in Dar es Salaam.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted at Muhimbili National Hospital between August 2021 and January 2022. Male patients aged 40–90 years with symptomatic enlarged prostate, confirmed by digital rectal examination, were enrolled consecutively. We used conventional biochemical methods and analytical profile index (API) 20-E & API 20-NE to identify the uropathogens. In addition, antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method.

Results
A total of 422 participants were enrolled, of whom 196 (46.4%) had laboratory-confirmed UTI. In total, 203 bacterial pathogens were isolated. Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) were the predominant uropathogens accounting to 165/203 (81.3%). The prevalent isolates were E. coli 49 (24.1%), followed by K. pneumoniae 40 (19.7%). Most, 157 (77.3%) pathogens were MDR, of which 33 (21.0%) were resistant to all tested antibiotic classes. The proportion of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was 75.8%, while 45.5% of S. aureus were inducible clindamycin resistant. Among Enterobacterales, 98 (70.5%) were Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) producers, and 33 (20.0%) were carbapenem resistant. Four of forty-one (9.6%) non-ESBL producers were class C β-lactamase producers.

Conclusions
There is a relatively high proportion of MDR strains of uropathogens, which limits treatment options for UTI among men with prostate enlargement. These findings call for the revision of the current UTI treatment guidelines and continuous antimicrobial resistance surveillance to monitor antibiotic resistance and guide treatment options within the hospital.
Novel technique in detecting marginal adaptation of all ceramic restoration after cementation: case report
Authors: El Basha Sara Hussein , Hassanien Eman Ezzat Youssef , Elnaggar Gihan Abdelhady 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Accurate marginal adaptation of dental restorations guarantees their long-term success and longevity. Clinical evaluation of marginal adaptation is done using different techniques utilizing conventional tools such as mirrors and probes, which are subjective and non-standardized. Precise determination of restorations marginal gap intraorally, represents a challenge, especially when conducting clinical research testing newly introduced restoration designs or materials.

Case presentation
A 31-years-old female patient came to dental clinic seeking full coverage restoration for an endodontically treated upper left maxillary first premolar. After the patient received an all ceramic Bruxzir crown, the marginal adaptation and precise gap determination were evaluated intraorally utilizing digital microscope, aided with a novel custom-made microscope-holding device that facilitated standardization and handling.

Conclusions
The described method aided with the novel custom-made microscope holding device proved to be an easy, time saving and precise technique in evaluating the marginal gap directly inside patient’s mouth especially in clinical researches.
Posterior mediastinal Ewing sarcoma with multiple metastases on FDG PET/CT: a rare entity
Authors: Singh Man Mohan , Verma Shashwat , Thakur Priyamedha Bose , Kakkar Lavish , Deswal Satyawati 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Ewing sarcoma and peripheral primary neuroendocrine tumors are aggressive neoplasms which consist of small, round, blue cells of neuroectodermal origin. They usually arise from the skeleton and consist of genetic mutations EWSR1 in chromosome 22 and FL1 gene on chromosome 11. Extraskeletal Ewing sarcomas (EES) are rare entities with most common sites of EES being extremities, head and neck region and retroperitoneum. Posterior mediastinal Ewing sarcoma is rare. For its evaluation, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F FDG PET/CT) plays significant role in staging, management planning and prognostication.

Case presentation
We describe a rare case of EES of posterior mediastinum in a 20-year-old boy who presented with signs of upper motor neuron lesion below D10 level. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CEMRI) showed a heterogeneously enhancing posterior mediastinal mass in pre- and paravertebral region with intraspinal extension in D2-D4 levels. Fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT showed a metabolically active mass occupying the superior, middle and posterior mediastinum on the left, displacing the trachea and esophagus toward the right side and causing complete collapse of the left lung. Posteriorly the mass was seen destroying the D2-D5 vertebrae with intraspinal extension at D2-D4 level. Metabolically active metastatic disease was seen in pleura, skull, D12 vertebra, right iliac bone and bilateral proximal femorae. Biopsy obtained from lung and adjacent pleura showed features of a round cell tumor positive for NKX 2.2, weak positive for FLI 1 and negative for PAN CK, LCA, Vimentin and TLE-1, suggestive of Ewing sarcoma. Based on these investigations, a diagnosis of EES of posterior mediastinum was made.

Conclusion
Extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma of posterior mediastinum is a rare and aggressive entity. Management of metastatic EES comprises radiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy which reduces tumor burden and micrometastasis. However, response to treatment in metastatic EES is poorer than in localized disease with overall 5-year survival rates of less than 30%. Fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT can be a useful tool to accurately detect the extent of local disease in the presence of atelectasic lung for radiotherapy planning as well as evaluating response to therapy.
Plasma copeptin level in type 2 diabetic patients and its role in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: El-Soudany Nevein Nabil , Bessa Sahar Saad El-Din , Morad Heba Ahmed , Selim Amal Abdel Moniem 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Copeptin, the stable COOH-terminal portion of pre-provasopressin and a surrogate marker of vasopressin, was shown to be positively associated with the decline in kidney function in the general population. However, the impact of copeptin on renal function in diabetic patients remains unclear. This study aims to assess the clinical significance of plasma copeptin level in type 2 diabetic patients with and without nephropathy and to evaluate its relation to various clinical and laboratory parameters.

Methods
This study was carried out on 45 type 2 diabetic patients, divided according to urinary albumin/creatinine ratio into 15 with normoalbminuria, 15 with microalbminuria and 15 with macroalbminuria. Also, 15 healthy subjects were included as a control group. Plasma copeptin level, glycosylated hemoglobin percentage, urinary albumin/ creatinine ratio and serum creatinine were measured. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated.

Results
The mean plasma copeptin level was statistically significantly higher in patients with microalbuminuria as compared to the control and normoalbuminuric groups. It was also, higher in patients with macroalbuminuria as compared to the control, normoalbuminuric and microalbuminuric groups. Plasma copeptin level was positively correlated with glycosylated hemoglobin, urinary albumin /creatinine ratio and serum creatinine but negativey correlated with eGFR.

Conclusion
An increased plasma copeptin level is considered as a good predictor for deterioration of renal function in diabetic patients, suggesting that copeptin can be used to identify diabetics at risk for diabetic kidney disease development. Clearly, further well-designed prospective studies are required to prove this hypothesis.
Comparison of the healthcare-associated infections in intensive care units in Turkey before and during COVID-19
Authors: Sarı Sema , Arslan Ferhat , Turan Sema , Mengi Tuğçe , Ankaralı Handan , Sarı Ahmet , Altınkaya Çavuş Mine , Bayındır Dicle Çilem , Tatlısuluoğlu Derya , Arıcan Hüseyin , Tahta Yahya , Vahaboğlu Haluk 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Secondary bacterial infections are an important cause of mortality in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). All healthcare providers acted with utmost care with the reflex of protecting themselves during the COVID-19 period. We aimed to compare the rates of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and bloodstream infections (BSIs) in our intensive care units (ICUs) before and during the COVID-19 outbreak surges.

Methods
This multicenter, retrospective, cross-sectional study was performed in six centers in Turkey. We collected the patient demographic characteristics, comorbidities, reasons for ICU admission, mortality and morbidity scores at ICU admission, and laboratory test data.

Results
A total of 558 patients who required intensive care from six centers were included in the study. Four hundred twenty-two of these patients (males (62%), whose mean age was 70 [IQR, 58–79] years) were followed up in the COVID period, and 136 (males (57%), whose mean age was 73 [IQR, 61–82] years) were followed up in the pre-COVID period. BSI and VAP rates were 20.7 (19 events in 916 patient days) and 17 (74 events in 4361 patient days) with a −3.8 difference (P = 0.463), and 33.7 (31 events in 919 patient days) and 34.6 (93 events in 2685 patient days) with a 0.9 difference (P = 0.897), respectively. The mortality rates were 71 (52%) in pre-COVID and 291 (69%) in COVID periods.

Conclusion
Protective measures that prioritize healthcare workers rather than patients and exceed standard measures made no difference in terms of reducing mortality.
Olfactory and gustatory outcomes following endoscopic transsphenoidal hypophysectomy
Authors: Ainer Indumathi , Husain Salina , Hamizan Aneeza Khairiyah Wan , Zahedi Farah Dayana , Thanabalan Jegan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate olfactory, gustatory, and quality-of-life outcomes in patients who underwent endonasal transsphenoidal hypophysectomy.

Methods
In this prospective study, the patients were assessed subjectively using the Malay version of sQOD-NS (short questionnaire of olfactory disorders in a negative statement) and objectively using the culturally adapted Sniffin’ Sticks smell test and taste test preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. The Sniffin’ Sticks smell test consists of odor identification, odor discrimination, and odor threshold tests. The taste test consists of different sweet, salt, sour, and bitter concentrations.

Results
Twenty patients were enrolled in the study. The study comprises 45% female and 55% male. On average patients’ ages were 49.5 years. In this study we found a significantly reduced in odor identification score (p = 0.049) post-surgery; however, there was no statistically significant difference in odor threshold, odor discrimination, and taste. The olfactory quality of life outcome based on the Malay version of sQOD-NS (p = 0.001) was significantly reduced after surgery. There was no significant difference in the Sniffin’ Sticks smell test (p < 0.178) and taste test (p < 0.425) pre-surgery and post-surgery. The tumor’s location, either sellar or suprasellar, did not influence the smell outcome of patients postoperatively (p = 0.056).

Conclusion
The study showed that the endoscopic transsphenoidal technique for pituitary surgery does not pose permanent olfactory disability.
Association between stroke and psychosis across four nationally representative psychiatric epidemiological studies
Authors: Bell Vaughan , Tamayo-Agudelo William , Revill Grace , Okai David , Poole Norman 
Published: April 2023

Background
Both stroke and psychosis are independently associated with high levels of disability. However, psychosis in the context of stroke has been under-researched. To date, there are no general population studies on their joint prevalence and association.

Aims
To estimate the joint prevalence of stroke and psychosis and their statistical association using nationally representative psychiatric epidemiology studies from two high-income countries (the UK and the USA) and two middle-income countries (Chile and Colombia) and, subsequently, in a combined-countries data-set.

Method
Prevalences were calculated with 95% confidence intervals. Statistical associations between stroke and psychosis and between stroke and psychotic symptoms were tested using regression models. Overall estimates were calculated using an individual participant level meta-analysis on the combined-countries data-set. The analysis is available online as a computational notebook.

Results
The overall prevalence of probable psychosis in stroke was 3.81% (95% CI 2.34–5.82) and that of stroke in probable psychosis was 3.15% (95% CI 1.94–4.83). The odds ratio of the adjusted association between stroke and probable psychosis was 3.32 (95% CI 2.05–5.38). On the individual symptom level, paranoia, hallucinated voices and thought passivity delusion were associated with stroke in the unadjusted and adjusted analyses.

Conclusions
Rates of association between psychosis and stroke suggest there is likely to be a high clinical need group who are under-researched and may be poorly served by existing services.