bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Reference Ages for Selecting Prosthesis Types for Heart Valve Replacement in Korea
Authors: Park Sung Jun , Ok You Jung , Kim Ho Jin , Kim Ye-Jee , Kim Seonok , Ahn Jung-Min , Kim Dae-Hee , Choi Jae-Sung , Kim Joon Bum 
Published: May 2023

ImportanceAlthough a patient’s age may be the only objective figure that can be used as a reference indicator in selecting the type of prosthesis in heart valve surgery, different clinical guidelines use different age criteria.ObjectiveTo explore the age-associated survival-hazard functions associated with prosthesis type in aortic valve replacement (AVR) and mitral valve replacement (MVR).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study compared the long-term outcomes associated with mechanical and biologic prostheses in AVR and MVR according to recipient’s age using a nationwide administrative data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service. To reduce the potential treatment-selection bias between mechanical and biologic prostheses, the inverse-probability-of-treatment-weighting method was used. Participants included patients who underwent AVR or MVR in Korea between 2003 and 2018. Statistical analysis was performed between March 2022 and March 2023.ExposuresAVR, MVR, or both AVR and MVR with mechanical or biologic prosthesis.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary end point was all-cause mortality after receiving prosthetic valves. The secondary end points were the valve-related events, including the incidence of reoperation, systemic thromboembolism, and major bleeding.ResultsOf the total of 24 347 patients (mean [SD] age, 62.5 [7.3] years; 11 947 [49.1%] men) included in this study, 11 993 received AVR, 8911 received MVR, and 3470 received both AVR and MVR simultaneously. Following AVR, bioprosthesis was associated with significantly greater risks of mortality than mechanical prosthesis in patients younger than 55 years (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.18; 95% CI, 1.32-3.63; P = .002) and in those aged 55 to 64 years (aHR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.02-1.63; P = .04), but the risk of mortality reversed in patients aged 65 years or older (aHR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.66-0.90; P = .001). For MVR, the risk of mortality was also greater with bioprosthesis in patients aged 55 to 69 years (aHR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.04-1.44; P = .02), but there was no difference for patients aged 70 years or older (aHR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.79-1.42; P = .69). The risk of reoperation was consistently higher with bioprosthesis, regardless of valve position, in all age strata (eg, MVR among patients aged 55-69 years: aHR, 7.75; 95% CI, 5.14-11.69; P &amp;lt; .001); however, the risks of thromboembolism and bleeding were higher in patients aged 65 years and older after mechanical AVR (thromboembolism: aHR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.41-0.73; P &amp;lt; .001; bleeding: aHR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.25-0.60; P &amp;lt; .001), with no differences after MVR in any age strata.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this nationwide cohort study, the long-term survival benefit associated with mechanical prosthesis vs bioprosthesis persisted until age 65 years in AVR and age 70 years in MVR.
A hybrid robust model reference adaptive controller and proportional integral controller without reference model for partially modeled systems
Authors: Evald Paulo Jefferson Dias de Oliveira , Hollweg Guilherme Vieira , Tambara Rodrigo Varella , Gründling Hilton Abílio 
Published: May 2023

SummaryThis work presents the discrete‐time stability analysis of a hybrid robust model reference adaptive controller and proportional‐integral controller (MRAC‐PI) controller using Lyapunov criterion. The control structure merges the classical PI controller with a robust model reference adaptive control, resulting in an adaptive and robust control strategy, where the gains unite both control techniques in a unique structure and it does not require the design of a reference model, being able to track straightforwardly the reference signal. The adaptive gains are updated continuously by a modified gradient algorithm regarding control action, regulation error, and the system output. The stability analysis provides the controller design constraints, while also demonstrate the tendency of regulation error to a residual set, and proves the boundedness of all closed‐loop signals. Furthermore, as the controller is robust to unmodeled dynamics, it is feasible to control partially modeled systems. Simulation results in a real‐world engineering application are presented to corroborate the robustness of this controller and show its fast response in the face of critical exogenous system perturbations.
Ultrafast Switchable Passive Radiative Cooling Smart Windows with Synergistic Optical Modulation
Authors: Deng Yuan , Yang Yihai , Xiao Yuanhang , Xie He‐Lou , Lan Ruochen , Zhang Lanying , Yang Huai 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSwitchable passive radiative cooling (PRC) smart windows can modulate sunlight transmission and spontaneously emit heat to outer space through atmospheric transparent window, presenting great potential in building energy conservation. However, realizing stable and on‐demand control of the cooling efficiency for PRC materials is still challenging. Herein, an electro‐controlled polymer‐dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) smart window showing PRC property is designed and prepared by adding mid‐infrared emitting reactive monomers into the conventional PDLC matrix. It is found that not only the electro‐optical properties but also the PRC efficiency of PRC PDLC film are tunable by regulating the content of the mid‐infrared emitting components, film thickness, and micromorphology. This advanced PRC PDLC material achieves a near/sub‐ambient temperature when the solar irradiance is below 400 W m−2 and can dynamically manage daytime cooling efficiency. Importantly, its PRC efficiency is capable of being tuned in an on‐demand and ultrafast millisecond‐scale way, whose controllable transparency enables multistage heat regulation. This study is hoped to provide new inspiration in the preparation of advanced optical devices and energy‐efficient equipment.
Self‐Assembly of Janus Graphene Oxide via Chemical Breakdown for Scalable High‐Performance Memristors
Authors: Hui Fei , Zhang Conghui , Yu Huanhuan , Han Tingting , Weber Jonas , Shen Yaqing , Xiao Yiping , Li Xiaohong , Zhang Zhijun , Liu Peisong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractJanus 2D materials have drawn substantial attention recently owing to its extraordinary interface properties and promising applications in optoelectronic devices. However, the scalable fabrication of high‐quality Janus 2D materials is still one of the main obstacles to hinder its implementation in the industry. Herein, a new method (called “chemical breakdown”) is developed to obtain large‐area uniform Janus graphene oxide (J‐GO) films with high‐quality. Moreover, the first application of J‐GO in the field of memristive devices is presented for neuromorphic computing. In particular, crossbar arrays of Ag/J‐GO/Au memristive devices that exhibit threshold resistive switching (RS) with enhanced performance are fabricated, e.g., low leakage current (≈10−12 A), low operation voltage (≈0.3 V), high endurance (>12,000 cycles), and electro‐synaptic plasticity. This work provides a novel strategy to obtain large‐area, continuous and uniform Janus 2D films, and proposes a new application for Janus 2D materials in a hot topic (i.e., neuromorphic computing) within the field of solid‐state microelectronics.
Fused Cytomembrane‐Camouflaged Nanoparticles for Tumor‐Specific Immunotherapy
Authors: Ji Ping , Deng Xin‐Chen , Jin Xiao‐Kang , Zhang Shi‐Man , Wang Jia‐Wei , Feng Jun , Chen Wei‐Hai , Zhang Xian‐Zheng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTumor immunotherapy is commonly hindered by inefficient delivery and presentation of tumor antigens as well as immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. To overcome these barriers, a tumor‐specific nanovaccine capable of delivering tumor antigens and adjuvants to antigen‐presenting cells and modulating the immune microenvironment to elicit strong antitumor immunity is reported. This nanovaccine, named FCM@4RM, is designed by coating the nanocore (FCM) with a bioreconstituted cytomembrane (4RM). The 4RM, which is derived from fused cells of tumorous 4T1 cells and RAW264.7 macrophages, enables effective antigen presentation and stimulation of effector T cells. FCM is self‐assembled from Fe(II), unmethylated cytosine‐phosphate‐guanine oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG), and metformin (MET). CpG, as the stimulator of toll‐like receptor 9, induces the production of pro‐inflammatory cytokine and the maturation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), thereby enhancing antitumor immunity. Meanwhile, MET functions as the programmed cell death ligand 1 inhibitor and can restore the immune responses of T cells against tumor cells. Therefore, FCM@4RM exhibits high targeting capabilities toward homologous tumors that develop from 4T1 cells. This work offers a paradigm for developing a nanovaccine that systematically regulates multiple immune‐related processes to achieve optimal antitumor immunotherapy.
Manipulating the Dynamic Adaptivity of a Fluid Interface to Maintain the Multipotency of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
Authors: Lyu Wenyan , Hu Wei , Shi Jiaming , Chen Jieman , Song Jingwen , Zhang Qindan , Yuan Xuefeng , Li Dairui , Nakanishi Jun , Jia Xiaofang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe native extracellular matrix is highly dynamic with continuous mutual feedback between cells being responsible for many important cell function regulators. However, establishing bidirectional interaction between complex adaptive microenvironments and cells remains elusive. Herein an adaptive biomaterial based on lysozyme monolayers self‐assembled at a perfluorocarbon FC40–water interface is reported. The dynamic adaptivity of interfacially assembled protein nanosheets is modulated independently of bulk mechanical properties by covalent crosslinking. This provides a scenario to establish bidirectional interactions of cells with liquid interfaces of varying dynamic adaptivity. This is found that growth and multipotency of human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) are enhanced at the highly adaptive fluid interface. The multipotency retention of hMSCs is mediated by low cell contractility and metabolomic activity involving the continuous mutual feedback between the cells and materials. Consequently, an understanding of the cells’ response to dynamic adaptivity has substantial implications for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
Resonance Effect in Brunel Harmonic Generation in Thin Film Organic Semiconductors
Authors: Li Weiwei , Saleh Ahmad , Sharma Manas , Hünecke Christian , Sierka Marek , Neuhaus Marcel , Hedewig Lina , Bergues Boris , Alharbi Meshaal , ALQahtani Hadi , Azzeer Abdallah M. , Gräfe Stefanie , Kling Matthias F. , Alharbi Abdullah F. , Wang Zilong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNonlinear optical properties of organic semiconductors (OSCs) have been extensively investigated in the perturbative regime, while strong light induced high‐order processes in solid‐state OSCs are less studied. Here, below‐threshold harmonic generation is examined, both experimentally and theoretically, in two solid‐state thin film OSCs, that is, tetraphenylporphyrin and zinc tetraphenylporphyrin. Results show that the π–π* excitations of the porphyrin ring system generate the harmonic emission. The contribution of the Brunel harmonic to the 5th harmonic emission is uncovered, where the resonant 5‐photon transition (S0 → S2 transition) is found to lead to an early onset of non‐perturbative behavior. A similar resonance effect is expected in Brunel harmonic generation in other organic materials.
Laccase‐Based Self‐Amplifying Catalytic System Enables Efficient Antibiotic Degradation for Sustainable Environmental Remediation
Authors: Xia Ying , Xia Liming , Lin Xinda 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAntibiotic contamination poses potential risks to ecosystems and human health. Laccase (LAC) has emerged as a promising biocatalyst for the oxidation of environmentally toxic contaminants with high catalytic efficiency; however, its large‐scale application is hindered by enzyme costs and dependency on redox mediators. Herein, a novel self‐amplifying catalytic system (SACS) for antibiotic remediation that does not require external mediators is developed. In SACS, a natural mediator‐regenerating koji with high‐activity LAC, derived from lignocellulosic waste, initiates the chlortetracycline (CTC) degradation. Subsequently, an intermediate product, CTC327, identified as an active mediator for LAC via molecular docking, is formed and then starts a renewable reaction cycle, including CTC327‐LAC interaction, stimulated CTC bioconversion, and self‐amplifying CTC327 release, thus enabling highly efficient antibiotic bioremediation. In addition, SACS exhibits excellent performance in producing lignocellulose‐degrading enzymes, highlighting its potential for lignocellulosic biomass deconstruction. To demonstrate its effectiveness and accessibility in the natural environment, SACS is used to catalyze in situ soil bioremediation and straw degradation. The resulting CTC degradation rate is 93.43%, with a straw mass loss of up to 58.35% in a coupled process. This mediator regeneration and waste‐to‐resource conversion in SACS provides a promising route for environmental remediation and sustainable agricultural practices.
Current status of preoperative risk assessment for posthepatectomy liver failure in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Nishio Takahiro , Taura Kojiro , Koyama Yukinori , Ishii Takamichi , Hatano Etsuro 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLiver resection is an effective therapeutic option for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. However, posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) remains a major cause of hepatectomy‐related mortality, and the accurate prediction of PHLF based on preoperative assessment of liver functional reserve is a critical issue. The definition of PHLF proposed by the International Study Group for Liver Surgery has gained acceptance as a standard grading criterion. Liver function can be estimated using a variety of parameters, including routine blood biochemical examinations, clinical scoring systems, dynamic liver function tests, liver stiffness and fibrosis markers, and imaging studies. The Child–Pugh score and model for end‐stage liver disease scores are conventionally used for estimating liver decompensation, although the alternatively developed albumin‐bilirubin score shows superior performance for predicting hepatic dysfunction. Indocyanine green clearance, a dynamic liver function test mostly used in Japan and other Asian countries, serves as a quantitative estimation of liver function reserve and helps determine indications for surgical procedures according to the estimated risk of PHLF. In an attempt to improve predictive accuracy, specific evaluation of liver fibrosis and portal hypertension has gained popularity, including liver stiffness measurements using ultrasonography or magnetic resonance elastography, as well as noninvasive fibrosis markers. Imaging modalities, including Tc‐99m‐labeled galactosyl serum albumin scintigraphy and gadolinium‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, are used for preoperative evaluation in combination with liver volume. This review aims to provide an overview of the usefulness of current options for the preoperative assessment of liver function in predicting PHLF.
A Short‐Cut to Substituted Fused Pyrrolo[2,1‐c][1,4]oxazines: A Hybrid Theoretical and Experimental Study
Authors: Ivanov Andrey V. , Bobkov Alexander S. , Martynovskaya Svetlana V. , Budaev Arsalan B. , Vitkovskaya Nadezhda M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe effect of substituents in the pyrrole ring and at the triple bond on the formation of fused pyrrolooxazines from 1H‐pyrrol‐2‐ylmethanols and propargyl chlorides has been theoretically and experimentally studied. The energy characteristics of the reaction are evaluated using quantum‐chemical calculations (CBS‐Q//B3). A one‐pot transition metal‐free synthesis of substituted 3‐methyl‐1H‐pyrrolo[2,1‐c][1,4]oxazines in good yields has been implemented in the superbasic system NaOH/DMSO.
Azoheteroarene und Diazocine als Molekulare Photoschalter: Selbstassemblierung, Responsive Materialien und Photopharmakologie
Authors: Mukherjee Anurag , Seyfried Maximilian D. , Ravoo Bart Jan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAromatische Einheiten, die mit einer Azofunktionalität (−N=N−) verknüpft sind, bilden eine einzigartige Klasse von Verbindungen, bekannt als molekulare Photoschalter, die bei Bestrahlung eine reversible Umwandlung zwischen ihren E‐ und Z‐Isomeren zeigen. Photoschalter wurden in näherer Vergangenheit umfassend untersucht, um dynamische, selbstassemblierende Materialien, optoelektronische Geräte, steuerbare Biomaterialien und vieles mehr, herzustellen. Die meisten dieser Materialien beinhalten Azobenzole als molekulare Photoschalter. Hierfür zeigt SciFinder bereits mehr als 7000 Artikel und 1000 Patente. Dementsprechend wurde viel Aufwand investiert, um die Effizienz der Photoisomerisierung und die damit verbundenen mesoskopischen Eigenschaften von Azobenzolen zu verbessern. Seit kurzer Zeit haben Azoheteroarene und zyklische Azobenzole wie Arylazopyrazole, Arylazoisoxazole, Arylazopyridine und Diazocine als Photoschalter der zweiten Generation an Bedeutung gewonnen. Diese Photoschalter bieten einzigartiges Schaltverhalten und responsive Eigenschaften, die sie zu vielversprechenden Kandidaten für die Entwicklung von photoresponsiven Materialien bis hin zu Photopharmakophoren machen. In diesem Kurzaufsatz stellen wir die strukturellen Unterschiede und photoresponsiven Eigenschaften von Azohezeroarenen und Diazocinen vor und fassen den aktuellen Stand der Anwendung dieser Photoschalter als responsive Bausteine in der supramolekularen Assemblierung, Materialwissenschaften und Photopharmakologie zusammen. Dabei soll ihr vielseitiges photochemisches Verhalten, ihre verbesserten Funktionalitäten und die neusten Anwendungen hervorgehoben werden.
Optimizing efficient PCR‐amplifiable DNA extraction from herbarium specimens
Authors: Gouker Fred E. , Guo Yonghong , Svoboda Harlan T. , Pooler Margaret R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPremiseThe objective of this study was to optimize an existing DNA extraction protocol for recalcitrant plant taxa to obtain high‐quality DNA from preserved herbarium tissue suitable for downstream PCR applications.Methods and ResultsLeaf tissue from 30 diverse plant species was obtained from the U.S. National Arboretum Herbarium. Our previous DNA extraction protocol (Gouker et al., 2020, Applications in Plant Sciences 8: e11403) was improved by use of 10X Tris‐EDTA buffer, addition of polyvinylpolypyrrolidone, and omission of sample heating during homogenization, and resulted in total DNA yields ranging from 60–2460 ng. Optimized PCR amplification using universal plant primers for the ITS‐p3/u4 region and the P6 loop of the trnL (UAA) chloroplast intron was successful for most specimens.ConclusionsThis protocol, which is simple, fast, and uses standard laboratory‐grade chemicals, yields DNA from herbarium specimens that is comparable in quality to that from commercially available kits, and is of sufficient quality and quantity for other applications.
Effective use of screening experiments: Some practical experiences
Authors: Snee Ronald D. , Bailey Steven P. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWhen faced with a problem to be solved by running designed experiments we should first think of what strategy should be used for the experimentation. One aspect of successful experimental strategy is how to use screening experiments in practice. In this article the authors share their combined experiences of more than 90 years in using designed experiments in which screening experiments are an integral part of the strategy. Along the way the benefits of running screening experiments and why they work are discussed. Topics such as the Pareto principle applied to experimentation and the robustness of screening designs to assumptions are addressed. Case studies, tips, traps, and guidelines are provided. What emerges is a holistic approach to experimentation that results in practicing scientists and engineers getting the right data in the right amount at the right time.
Toward rapid and sensitive point‐of‐care diagnosis with surface‐enhanced Raman scattering‐based optofluidic systems
Authors: Joung Younju , Park Sohyun , Kang Binnam , Choo Jaebum 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWith the recent global outbreaks of infectious diseases such as coronavirus disease 2019, developing a detection system capable of quickly and accurately diagnosing diseases on‐site has become a pressing need. The ability to diagnose patients in the field is crucial for the prompt isolation and treatment of infected individuals and the prevention of the spread of the disease. Our research group has recently developed a surface‐enhanced Raman scattering optofluidic system that enables rapid and accurate point‐of‐care diagnostics. This account will introduce the principle and configuration of the fluidic devices, such as lateral flow assay strips or microfluidic channels, and the portable Raman spectrometer. We will also highlight the challenges that must be addressed for using this system in clinical settings. Rapid and accurate diagnosis is critical for effective disease management and control, and developing this system can significantly improve our ability to respond to outbreaks of infectious diseases.
LncRNA BCLET variant confers bladder cancer susceptibility through alternative splicing of MSANTD2 exon 1
Authors: Liu Hanting , Wang Xi , Guo Zheng , Sun Guanting , Lv Qiang , Qin Chao , Yuan Lin , Wang Yunyan , Du Mulong , Wang Meilin , Zhang Zhengdong , Chu Haiyan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlternative splicing (AS)‐related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with risk of cancers, but the potential mechanism has not been fully elucidated.MethodsTwo‐stage case–control studies comprising 1630 cases and 2504 controls were conducted to investigate the association between the AS‐SNPs and bladder cancer susceptibility. A series of assays were used to evaluate the functional effect of AS‐SNPs on bladder cancer risk.ResultsWe observed that SNP rs558814 A>G located in lncRNA BCLET (Bladder Cancer Low‐Expressed Transcript, ENSG00000245498) can decrease the risk of bladder cancer (odds ratio [OR] = 0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.76–0.92, p = 3.26 × 10−4). Additionally, the G allele of rs558814 had transcriptional regulatory effects and facilitated the expression of BCLET transcripts, including BCLET‐long and BCLET‐short. We also found decreased BCLET expression in bladder cancer tissues and cells, and BCLET transcript upregulation substantially inhibited tumor growth of both bladder cancer cells and xenograft models. Mechanistically, BCLET recognized and regulated AS of MSANTD2 to participate in bladder carcinogenesis, preferentially promoting the production of MSANTD2‐004.ConclusionsSNP rs558814 was associated with the expression of BCLET, which mainly increased the expression of MSANTD2‐004 through AS of MSANTD2.