bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing the iLESSYS Delta and Endo-Surgi Plus trans-laminar approaches for single-segment disc herniation on neurological function: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Lu Qi , Sun MaJi , Song Ting , Yuan Feng , Chen Hongliang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective
Comparison of the iLESSYS Delta with the Endo-Surgi Plus for PEID treatment of L5-S1LDH on neurological function.
Methods
In the period from August 2021 to August 2022, 80 patients with LDH in the L5-S1 segment were treated with PEID using the iLESSYS Delta system or the Endo-Surgi Plus system in combination with INOM and cervical EP monitoring. Patients were classified into two groups based on the endoscopy system employed. Of these,37patients were included in the Delta group and 43 patients in the Plus group.Patient demographics, perioperative indicators, IONM indicators, intraoperative EP and complications were analysed.Clinical outcomes were quantified using back and leg visual analog scale(VAS) scores, Oswestry Disability Index(ODI) and Japanese orthopaedic association(JOA) scores at the time points of follow-up.Patient satisfaction was assessed at the final follow-up according to the modified MacNab criteria.
Results
In the Plus group, the duration of surgery and the number of arthroplasties were less than those in the Delta group, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). The rates of abnormal IONM indicators,cervical EP at the end of surgery and maximum intraoperative EP in the Plus group were less than those in the Delta group, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001). Compared to the preoperative period, the VAS score, ODI and JOA scores improved in both groups at all follow-up time points, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001); The differences in pain VAS scores, ODI and JOA scores were not statistically significant when comparing the two groups (p > 0.05).
Conclusion
Both the iLESSYS Delta and Endo-Surgi Plus surgical systems achieve satisfactory early clinical results in the treatment of LDH with the Endo-Surgi Plus surgical shaping being more efficient, with less intraoperative impact on neurological function and safer.
Shaking table tests of the one-quarter scale model of concrete hollow blocks masonry houses retrofitted with fiber-reinforced paint
Authors: Multazam Zamzam , Yamamoto Kenjiro , Timsina Kishor , Gadagamma Chaitanya Krishna , Meguro Kimiro 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Concrete hollow block (CHB) is popular for masonry buildings in developing countries. However, CHB has a low compressive strength due to poor production methods. Most buildings are constructed without the involvement of engineers and are commonly called "nonengineered buildings." Unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings are highly vulnerable during an earthquake. Some strengthening methods have been proposed to increase the seismic capacity. However, some strengthening materials are beyond the economic capacity of the common people in developing countries, and there is a shortage of technical workforce in developing countries. In addition, other factors need to be considered when selecting the strengthening method; these include the failure mechanism of masonry walls, efficiency, complexity, and seismic safety of each technique. This paper introduces a new retrofitting method of fiber-reinforced paint using fiber as the primary reinforcing material. The proposed retrofitting method is easy to apply, and the paint is used to enhance the appearance of the house. Two 1:4 scale house models were constructed to observe the dynamic behavior of the masonry houses. The results show that the retrofitted house model can increase the deformation capacity and energy dissipation of the masonry structures. Fiber-reinforced paint has a robust performance even in high input motion at a seismic intensity JMA of 7 (Japan Meteorological Agency). This confirms that this retrofitting method has a high earthquake-resistant performance.
Pneumonia, diarrhoea, tuberculosis, malaria, and HIV among children and adolescents in Ecuador: A cross-sectional national study, 2015-2021
Authors: Acosta-España Jaime David , Altamirano-Jara Jenny Belén , Arnao-Noboa Adriana , Rodriguez-Morales Alfonso J. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to determine the distribution, burden, age groups, and differences in morbidity cumulative incidence of pneumonia, infectious diarrhoea, tuberculosis, malaria, and HIV infection among the 0–18-year-old population in Ecuador from 2015 to 2021.
Methods
Hospital morbidity data from patients aged 0–18 were analysed and filtered using the ICD-10 coding of the diseases studied. Data were processed using RStudio from the anonymised online database of the National Institute of Statistics and Census.
Results
Pneumonia was the most common infectious disease studied in Ecuador, with the highest burden in the provinces of Pichincha and Guayas. Most cases were reported in children aged 0–5 years, with the lowest cumulative incidence of 17 per 104 population (pop) in 2021. Diarrhoea had the highest incidence in the Guayas. Cases occurred mainly in children aged 0–5 years, with the lowest cumulative incidence of 8.58 per 104 pop in 2020. Tuberculosis mainly affected the province of Guayas. The 0–5 age group accounted for 41% of infections; the cumulative incidence decreased to 0.25 per 104 pop in 2021. Malaria mainly affected Esmeraldas province. Adolescents aged 13–18 were the most infected group, and the cumulative incidence increased to 0.07 per 104 pop in 2021. HIV mainly affects the Guayas Province. 50% of reported cases occurred in the 6–12 age group, and the lowest cumulative incidence was 0.18 per 104 pop in 2021.
Conclusions
Pneumonia and diarrhoeal were identified as the most common infectious diseases in the paediatric population of Ecuador. The provinces of Pichincha and Guayas had the highest burden of infectious diseases. The results of this study can help develop targeted public health interventions to reduce the morbidity cumulative incidence of these diseases in Ecuador.
HPTLC fingerprinting of Tinospora species: T. cardifolia, T. sinensis and T. crispa with microscopic imaging and physiochemical properties
Authors: Mokat Digambar Nabu , Yadav Santosh , BENKE ASHWINI PRASHANT 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Wide geographic range, ethanol-botanical uses, ambiguity about species identification, and resemblance in physical appearance among various species are a few considerations that highlight the significance of qualitative analysis to safeguard the purity of botanicals and ensure quality control. The stem of T. cordifolia, T. sinensis, and T. crispa is described in the current work together with its physio-chemical characteristics, macroscopic observations, and anatomical details.These investigations uncovered crucial diagnostic traits that can be used to discriminate between different Tinosprora species and to identify raw materials that have been adulterated. T.crispa had the highest extractive value and drying percentage of any other species. T. crispa exhibits more pronounced warty protuberances on the stem than T. sinensis and T. cordifolia. By using biochemical markers to assess the product's quality, high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) profiles of authorized materials also develop an effective way to identify products and species. Both T. crispa and T. cordifolia displayed dark bands of cordifolioside-A at RF values of 0.20 and 0.39, respectively, which can serve as reliable biochemical markers for species identification. All three species showed a berberine presence spot with varying amounts. Therefore, the current work can set up a low-cost technique for good quality control and species identification for these Tinospora species and aids in lowering botanical adulteration.
Precise thrombolytic drug treatments for stroke based on artificial intelligence：based on wide and deep model
Authors: Shen Huiwen , Lin Yongzhong , Chen Shuliang , Zhang Lihong , Ma Chunye , Ma Deyuan , Zheng Chunjun , Zhang Ce 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to establish an artificial intelligence algorithm model for patients with Ischemic stroke(IS) based on general patient characteristics, drug treatment methods, and recovery effects. We sought to achieve individualized precise thrombolytic therapy and provide data support for clinical drug decision-making. Data of 55621 patients diagnosed with IS were extracted from the big data server of Yidu Cloud. After screening using the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 1236 and 619 patients were included in the neurological improvement and control groups, respectively for a total of 1855. Single-factor screening was conducted for different influencing factors within the scope of the investigation. Principal component analysis was used to reduce the influencing factor dimensions. We built logistic, support vector machine, C5.0 decision tree arithmetic, deep neural network, and wide and deep models. We further evaluated these models to compare their prediction performance, determine the best model algorithm, and identify the best model parameters. Feature engineering was used to construct a simplified model and evaluate its accuracy. Patient data extracted from another hospital in Dalian were used for external model validation. We included 1855 patients and 26 patient characteristics were included in the model through single-factor screening. The dimensions were reduced to two principal components principal component analysis, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 93.1%. The wide and deep models showed the best prediction performance with an accuracy and F-index of 81.5% and 87.1%, respectively. Furthermore, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values of the training and test set were 0.753 and 0.793, respectively. The number of hidden layers and neurons in each layer of the model was seven and 15, respectively. Using Sigmoid as the activation function showed that the model parameters were optimal. Feature-engineering treatment showed that the accuracy of the model was 81.9%, and that of the external verification model after model simplification was 80.1%. The external verification accuracy of the wide and deep models was 75%, indicating good prediction performance and generalizability. The evaluation indexes of the wide and deep models were excellent. The artificial intelligence algorithm enabled the timely and effective provision of support for drug thrombolytic treatment planning for clinicians and references for clinical decision-making. Furthermore, the algorithm could potentially improve patient treatment outcomes, achieve personalized and accurate treatment for IS patients, and positively contribute to significantly reducing the social burden of disease.
The diagnostic ability of NEWS2 in adult patients with positive blood cultures to detect sepsis according to SOFA-score
Authors: Prytz Karolina Liljedahl , Magnuson Anders , Sundqvist Martin , Kurland Lisa , Källman Jan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Blood stream infection (BSI), and especially sepsis and septic shock, is associated with high mortality and significant morbidity. The visible, clinical signs can vary from patient to patient depending on several factors. NEWS2 is quick, easy and non-invasive and includes bedside measurable vital signs. Although NEWS2 is recommended as a risk-stratifying and identification tool in patients with suspected sepsis, it is not a sepsis-specific score. Correlations between vital signs and bacterial species found in blood cultures have not been sufficiently investigated. An early and clear signal through the NEWS2 score could be useful especially in those patients with infections caused by common bacteria rendering high mortality and morbidity. The primary aim was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of NEWS2 to detect sepsis in adult patients with positive blood cultures caused by community-acquired infections. A secondary aim was to study a possible association between NEWS2 score and different bacterial species.
Method
This is a retrospective observational study. All patients with positive blood cultures were evaluated for participation (n = 1318). After retrospective medical chart review, 555 patients were eligible for inclusion. Positive NEWS2-score indicating sepsis was defined as NEWS2 ≥ 5.
Results
The presence of sepsis according to SOFA-score was 425 of 555, 76.6% and 28 days mortality was 67 of 555, 12.1%. The sensitivity of NEWS2 to detect sepsis was 87% (95% CI 0.83–0.90). Most common pathogens were Escherichia coli 35.1%, followed by Staphylococcus aureus 15.7% and Streptococcus pneumoniae 13.0%. The ability of NEWS2 to predict sepsis was not statistically associated with the etiology of the infection. The specificity of NEWS2 detection of sepsis was low, 52% (95% CI 0.43–0.59) with no statistically significant differences observed between pathogens.
Conclusions
Patients attending the Emergency Department (ED) with positive blood cultures and NEWS2 score ≥ 5 presented an overall sensitivity of 87% and PPV of 85% to detect patients with sepsis defined by Sepsis-3 criteria. NEWS2 score ≥ 5 could be considered as a quick, first screening tool to highlight a high likelihood of sepsis in the ED. However, NEWS2 score could not discriminate different bacterial species causing the sepsis episode.
An all-ultrasound cranial imaging method to establish the relationship between cranial FUS incidence angle and transcranial attenuation in non-human primates in 3D
Authors: Singh Aparna , Jiménez-Gambín Sergio , Konofagou Elisa E 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Focused ultrasound (FUS) is a non-invasive and non-ionizing technique which deploys ultrasound waves to induce bio-effects. When paired with acoustically active particles such as microbubbles (MBs), it can open the blood brain barrier (BBB) to facilitate drug delivery inhibited due to the presence of BBB. One of the parameters that affects the FUS beam propagation is the beam incidence angle on the skull. Prior work by our group has shown that, as incidence angles deviate from 900, FUS focal pressures attenuate and result to a smaller BBB opening volume. The incidence angles calculated in our prior studies were in 2D and used skull information from CT. The study presented herein develops methods to calculate incidence angle in 3D in non-human primate (NHP) skull fragments using harmonic ultrasound imaging without using ionizing radiation. Our results show that ultrasound harmonic imaging is capable of accurately depicting features such as sutures and eye-sockets of the skull. Furthermore, we were able to reproduce previously reported relationships between the incidence angle and FUS beam attenuation. We also show feasibility of performing ultrasound harmonic imaging in in-vivo non-human primates. The all-ultrasound method presented herein combined with our neuronavigation system stands to increase more widespread adoption of FUS and render it accessible by eliminating the need for CT cranial mapping.
Gut Microbial Community and Fecal Metabolomic Signatures in Different Types of Osteoporosis Animal Models
Authors: Qiao Xiaochen , Li Xiaoyan , Wang Zhichao , Feng Yi , Wei Xiaochun , Li Lu , Pan Yongchun , Zhang Kun , Zhou Ruhao , Yan Lei , Li Pengcui , Xu Chaojian , Lv Zhi , Tian Zhi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The gut microbiota (GM) constitutes a critical factor in the maintenance of physiological homeostasis. Numerous studies have empirically demonstrated that the GM is closely associated with the onset and progression of osteoporosis (OP). Nevertheless, the characteristics of the GM and its metabolites related to different forms of OP are poorly understood. In the present study, we examined the changes in the GM and its metabolites associated with various types of OP as well as the correlations among them.
Methods
We simultaneously established rat postmenopausal, disuse-induced, and glucocorticoid-induced OP models. We used micro-CT and histological analyses to observe bone microstructure, three-point bending tests to measure bone strength, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to evaluate the biochemical markers of bone turnover in the three rat OP models and the control. We applied 16s rDNA to analyze GM abundance and employed untargeted metabolomics to identify fecal metabolites in all four treatment groups. We implemented multi-omics methods to explore the relationships among OP, the GM, and its metabolites.
Results
The 16S rDNA sequencing revealed that both the abundance and alterations of the GM significantly differed among the OP groups. In the postmenopausal OP model, the bacterial genera g__Bacteroidetes_unclassified, g__Firmicutes_unclassified, and g__Eggerthella had changed. In the disuse-induced and glucocorticoid-induced OP models, g__Akkermansia and g__Rothia changed, respectively. Untargeted metabolomics disclosed that the GM-derived metabolites significantly differed among the OP types. However, a Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed that it was mainly metabolites implicated in lipid and amino acid metabolism that were altered in all cases. An association analysis indicated that the histidine metabolism intermediate 4-(β-acetylaminoethyl)imidazole was common to all OP forms and was strongly correlated with all bone metabolism-related bacterial genera. Hence, 4-(β-acetylaminoethyl)imidazole might play a vital role in OP onset and progression.
Conclusions
The present work revealed the alterations in the GM and its metabolites that are associated with OP. It also disclosed the changes in the GM that are characteristic of each type of OP. Future research should endeavor to determine the causal and regulatory effects of the GM and the metabolites typical of each form of OP.
Emotion Recognition in Arabic Speech From Saudi Dialect Corpus Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning Algorithms
Authors: Alamri Hanaa , alshanbari hanan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Speech can actively elicit feelings and attitudes by using words. It is important for researchers to identify the emotional content contained in speech signals as well as the sort of emotion that resulted from the speech that was made. In this study, we studied the emotion recognition system using a database in Arabic, especially in the Saudi dialect, the database is from a YouTube channel called Telfaz11, The four emotions that were examined were anger, happiness, sadness, and neutral. In our experiments, we extracted features from audio signals, such as Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC) and Zero-Crossing Rate (ZCR), then we classified emotions using many classification algorithms such as machine learning algorithms (Support Vector Machine (SVM) and K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN)) and deep learning algorithms such as (Convolution Neural Network (CNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)). Our Experiments showed that the MFCC feature extraction method and CNN model obtained the best accuracy result with 95 %, proving the effectiveness of this classification system in recognizing Arabic spoken emotions.
Investigation of Temperature Distribution, Microstructure Evolution, and Weld Performance in Stir Friction Welded Joints of 6061 Aluminum Alloys
Authors: zhaorui wang , Linchu Yang , Shujin Chen , Yuan Gao , jiacheng Yu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper investigates the relationship among welding process parameters, weld flow viscosity, welding heat generation, finite difference method (FDM) heat dissipation model, microstructural evolution, and mechanical properties during friction stir welding (FSW) of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy. Throughout the study, it was experimentally verified that the temperature inside the weld does not always increase on the AS side compared to the RS side under different welding process parameters, and the highest temperature did not always occur when the stirring pin passed through. As the flow viscosity is dependent on the weld temperature, and viscosity and temperature have corresponding inhibitory and promoting effects on the formation of intergranular structures in the weld, it is shown that the plastic flow of material differs at different positions in the weld nugget, subsequently affecting the macroscopic mechanical properties of the weld.
Successful Anesthesia Management of Massive Haemorrhage During C-Section Indicated of Placentapercreta Multidisciplinary Approach Based Team: A Case Report
Authors: Shantikaratri Emilia Tiara , Pankao Isngnadi , Hartono Ruddi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Placenta perccreta accounts for 7–10% of maternal mortality. Immature preoperative management and planning could increase the risk of maternal mortality. Anesthetic management during the procedure are involved due to high risk of massive hemorrhage. A multidisciplinary team approach is important to reduce risk during the procedure. The author reports the multidisciplinary approach in a placenta perccreta patient.
Case Presentation
Gestating woman aged 33 years with a gestational age 30–32 weeks canceled going to RSUD dr. Saiful Anwar Malang with complaints of bleeding from the birth canal for the past 1 month. The patient had a history of caesarean section in the lower segment. In the last 1 month, the patient has received a total of 6 RRC bags with antibiotics. Caesarean section (SC) to be performed due to the abnormal estimation of placental implantation from ultrasonography and gross hematuria. The patient was consulted for anesthesia 7 days before the scheduled SC. Calculation of the Placenta Accreta Index (PAI) score obtained a total score of 5. The patient underwent a Magnetic Resonance Imaging examination and found placenta previa type III (partial placenta previa) accompanied by placenta percreta, the impression of infiltrating the superoposterior wall of the urinary bladder. Preoperative management is carried out by involving a multidisciplinary team.
Conclusion
Anesthetic management with a multidisciplinary team approach shows an effective and safe results in patients with placenta preccreta during a C-Section procedure. Hemodynamic monitoring is important during the procedure and need to be manage carefully.
Patterns of management of positive sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer patients after the American College of Surgeons Oncology Group Z0011 trial: a retrospective cohort
Authors: Charif Mohamad Hadi El , Ghezzawi Malak , Kalot Nour , Alam Joelle , Kakati Rasha , Abbas Jaber , Assi Hazem , Sbaity Eman 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The ACOSOG-Z0011 clinical trial introduced drastic changes to the traditional surgical practice for early breast cancer with positive sentinel lymph nodes. This study evaluates how these changes have affected the surgical management of early breast cancer at our institution.
Methods
A retrospective chart review was conducted for Lebanese women with a diagnosis of invasive breast cancer and who were ≥18 years of age, had undergone upfront breast-conserving surgery, and SLNB without any prior chemotherapy had no distant metastasis and had one or more positive SLNs, between 2011 and 2016.
Results
Data from our cohort shows that 78% of patients out of the 233 with clinically negative nodes go on to have negative nodes on surgical sentinel pathology as well. However, the incidence of micromets is 5.5% amongst positive SLNs versus 94% of positive SLNs having macromets.
Survival data analysis showed a 5-year and 10-year locoregional recurrence rates of 1.72% and 2.15%, respectively. At 3-years follow-up, distant metastasis occurred in 3.4% of cases. Additionally, the 10-year overall survival is 98.7% and disease-free survival is 95.3%.
The rates of ALND decreased from 46.7% to 18.2% in patients with 2 or less positive sentinel nodes between the two time periods 2011-2013 and 2014-2016.
Conclusion
With a follow-up period extending more than five years, our study shows that ALND offers no superiority to SLNB alone in terms of overall survival and disease-free survival. This does not only conform with the findings of Z0011 but adds to its generalizability to populations of different ethnicities.