bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of family-based dignity intervention and expressive writing on anticipatory grief in family caregivers of patients with cancer: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ghezeljeh Tahereh Najafi , Seyedfatemi Naima , Bolhari Jafar , Kamyari Naser , Rezaei Masoud 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFamily caregivers of dying cancer patients may suffer from grief experiences and bereavement complications. Previous studies have proposed some psycho-emotional interventions for the management of these complications. However, little attention has been given to family-based dignity intervention and expressive writing. This study was conducted to examine the effects of family-based dignity intervention and expressive writing, combined and alone, on anticipatory grief in family caregivers of dying cancer patients. This was a randomized controlled trial, in which 200 family caregivers of dying cancer patients were randomly assigned to four intervention groups: family-based dignity intervention (n = 50), expressive writing intervention (n = 50), combined family-based single dignity intervention and expressive writing (n = 50), and control group (n = 50). In three times (baseline, 1 week, and 2 weeks after the interventions), anticipatory grief was assessed by a 13-item anticipatory grief scale (AGS). Finally, we found a significant reducing effect of family-based dignity intervention on AGS (-8.12 ± 1.53 vs. -1.57 ± 1.52, P = 0.01) and its subscales including behavioral (-5.92 ± 0.97 vs. -2.17 ± 0.96, P = 0.04) and emotional (-2.38 ± 0.78 vs. 0.68 ± 0.77, P = 0.03) subscales compared to the control group. However, no significant effect was seen for expressive writing intervention and combined interventions of expressive writing and family-based dignity intervention. In conclusion, family-based dignity intervention may be a safe intervention for relieving anticipatory grief among family caregivers of dying cancer patients. Additional clinical trials are needed to confirm our findings. Registration number: IRCT20210111050010N1. Trial registration date:2021–02-06.
Overall lifestyle changes in adulthood are associated with cancer incidence in the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study (NOWAC) – a prospective cohort study
Authors: Chen Sairah L. F. , Nøst Therese H. , Botteri Edoardo , Ferrari Pietro , Braaten Tonje , Sandanger Torkjel M. , Borch Kristin B. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Cancer is a leading cause of premature death worldwide and incidence is expected to rise in the coming decades. Many cohort studies, measuring lifestyle factors at one time-point, have observed that overall healthy lifestyles were inversely related to cancer incidence. However, there is little knowledge on the impact of lifestyle modification within adulthood.

Methods
Using the Norwegian Women and Cancer study, two repeated self-reported assessments of lifestyle behaviours were used to calculate healthy lifestyle index scores at each time-point (N = 66 233). The associations between change in healthy lifestyle index score and lifestyle-related cancer incidence, including alcohol-, tobacco-, obesity-, and reproductive-related, and site-specific breast and colorectal cancer incidence were estimated using Cox proportional hazard regression models. To assess nonlinearity in the dose–response relationships, restricted cubic spline models were used.

Results
Independent of baseline lifestyle, positive lifestyle changes were inversely related to the incidence of overall lifestyle-related cancers, as well as alcohol-related, tobacco-related, obesity-related, and reproductive-related cancers, but not breast and colorectal site-specific cancers. An association between lifestyle worsening and cancer incidence compared to stable lifestyle was observed.

Conclusions
This study provides evidence that overall lifestyle changes among cancer-free women between the ages of 41 and 76 impact the incidence of many cancer types. Regardless of baseline lifestyle, there was a negative dose–response relationship between magnitude of positive lifestyle change and the incidence of overall lifestyle-related cancers. We observed that underlying this trend was an especially clear association between lifestyle worsening and increased risk compared to stable lifestyle. For adult women, maintaining a stable healthy lifestyle and lifestyle improvement are important for preventing the occurrence of many cancer types.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Health-related quality of life among ethnic minority residents in remote Western China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Dong Jiaxin , Li Xiaoju , Fan Rong , Yang Jielin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Paying attention to the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of rural residents in poverty-stricken areas is an important part of China's poverty alleviation, but most studies on health-related quality of life have focused on rural residents, elderly individuals, and patients; evidence on the HRQOL of rural minority residents is limited. Thus, this study aimed to assess the HRQOL of rural Uighur residents in remote areas of Xinjiang, China, and determine its influencing factors to provide policy opinions for realizing a healthy China strategy.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was performed on 1019 Uighur residents in rural areas. The EQ-5D and self-administered questionnaires were used to assess HRQOL. We applied Tobit and binary logit regression models to analyse the factors influencing HRQOL among rural Uighur residents.

Results
The health utility index of the 1019 residents was − 0.197,1. The highest proportion of respondents reporting any problem was for mobility (57.5%), followed by usual activity (52.8%). Low levels of the five dimensions were related to age, smoking, sleep time, Daily intake of vegetables and fruit per capita. Gender, age, marital status, physical exercise, sleep duration, daily intake of cooking oil per capita, daily intake of fruit per capita, distance to the nearest medical institution, non-infectious chronic diseases (NCDs), self-rated health score, and participation in community activities were correlated with the health utility index of rural Uighur residents.

Conclusions
HRQOL was lower for rural Uyghur residents than for the general population. Improving health behavioural lifestyles and reducing the incidence of poverty (return to poverty) due to illness are effective means of promoting the health in Uyghur residents. The region must fulfil the health poverty alleviation policy and focus on vulnerable groups and low-income residents to improve the health, ability, opportunity, and confidence of this population to live well.
Pre-treatment bronchoscopic evaluation in a case of relapsing polychondrits
Authors: Kumagai Kosumi , Tsuruoka Hajime , Morikawa Kei , Handa Hiroshi , Mineshita Masamichi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Relapsing polychondritis (RP) is a chronic and recurrent inflammatory disease of the cartilage tissues in the body. The cause of RP is unknown, and since it is a rare disease with symptoms that affect multiple organs, diagnosis is often delayed.

Case presentation
A 62-year-old woman with no smoking history visited our institution complaining of fever, cough, and dyspnoea. Chest CT showed a stenosis from the left main bronchus to the left lower lobe branch. Bronchoscopy visualised intense erythema and oedema at the left main bronchus, with airway narrowing. Biopsy of the ear revealed degenerative vitreous cartilage and fibrous connective tissue with a mild inflammatory cell infiltrate. She was subsequently diagnosed with RP and administered systemic corticosteroid therapy. Her symptoms improved rapidly, and post-treatment bronchoscopy revealed that although mild erythema of the airway epithelium remained, oedema markedly improved, and the airway stenosis was resolved.

Conclusions
We report a case where pre-treatment bronchoscopy was able to visually confirm RP at the acute stage. Since RP is difficult to diagnose, severe airway narrowing can occur prior to diagnosis. Therefore, to determine the stage of the disease, it is helpful to perform bronchoscopic observation before treatment. However, bronchoscopic observation before treatment should be performed by experienced bronchoscopists due to the risk of airway obstruction.
Hyaluronic acid injection to coronal sulcus of the penis for the treatment of premature ejaculation: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Chen Kewei , Li Qing , Xu Tao , Zhang Xiaowei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundHyaluronic acid (HA) injection has become a burgeoning method to treat premature ejaculation (PE) due to its high biocompatibility and structural properties.PurposeIn this study, we proposed a modified technique: injecting hyaluronic acid around coronal sulcus to treat PE, aiming to decrease the complications of hyaluronic acid injection in penis while achieving similar effects.MethodA total of 85 patients who had HA injection from January 2018 to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively in our study. 31 patients received injection at glans penis and 54 patients received injection around coronal sulcus. Intravaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT) was mainly measured to estimate the efficacy and the severity of complications was assessed between two groups.ResultsThe mean IELT was 123.0 ± 37.28 s of all patients, 124.7 ± 39.01 s of patients injecting at glans penis and 121.9 ± 36.58 s of patients injecting around coronal sulcus. IELT of all patients increased to 482.1 ± 121.7 s at 1 month, 331.2 ± 81.2 s at 3 month and 280 ± 80.4 s at 6 month. In the group of injecting at glans penis, the incidence of complications is 25.8% and it is 1.9% in the group of injecting around coronal sulcus. No severe complication was reported in both groups.ConclusionThe modified technique of injecting around coronal sulcus decreases complications and it has the potential to become a new injectable technique for treating premature ejaculation.
Effect of different root canal irrigants on push-out bond strength of two novel root-end filling materials
Authors: Omar Nada , Abdelraouf Rasha M. , Hamdy Tamer M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate push-out bond strength of different root-end filling materials using various irrigant solutions.MethodsA push-out bond strength test was performed to evaluate the bond strength of two experimental root-end filling materials: namely, nano-hybrid mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) cement filled with 20% weight nano hydroxyapatite (nHA) fillers compared to conventional MTA. The irrigant solutions employed were sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in concentrations 1%, 2.5% and 5.25% and 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) followed by application of 17% ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA). A freshly extracted sixty single-rooted human maxillary central incisors were used. The crowns were removed, the canal apex was widened to simulate immature teeth. Each type of irrigation protocols was performed. After application and setting of the root-end filling materials, a slice of one mm thickness was cut transversely from the apical end of each root. Specimens were stored for 1 month in artificial saliva and were subjected to a push-out test to evaluate the shear bond strength. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey test.ResultsThe experimental nano-hybrid MTA showed the highest significant push-out bond strength values when irrigated by NaOCl at several concentrations (1%, 2.5% and 5.25%) (P< 0.05). Meanwhile, irrigation with 2% CHX resulted in highest bond strength values in nano-hybrid white MTA (18 MPa) and PMMA filled with 20% weight nHA (17.4 MPa) with nonsignificant difference between them (p = 0.25). In each root-end filling material, irrigation with 2% CHX led to the highest significant bond strength, followed by NaOCl 1%, while the least significant bond strength was produced after irrigation with NaOCl 2.5% and 5.25% (P< 0.05).ConclusionConsidering the limitations of this study, it may be concluded that the application of 2% CXH and 17% EDTA provides superior push-out bond strength to root canal dentin compared with irrigation with NaOCl irrigants and 17% EDTA, experimental nano-hybrid MTA root-end filling material provides enhanced shear bond strength than conventional micron-sized MTA root-end filling material.
Evaluating the accuracy of automated cephalometric analysis based on artificial intelligence
Authors: Bao Han , Zhang Kejia , Yu Chenhao , Li Hu , Cao Dan , Shu Huazhong , Liu Luwei , Yan Bin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of automatic cephalometric landmark localization and measurements using cephalometric analysis via artificial intelligence (AI) compared with computer-assisted manual analysis.

Methods
Reconstructed lateral cephalograms (RLCs) from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in 85 patients were selected. Computer-assisted manual analysis (Dolphin Imaging 11.9) and AI automatic analysis (Planmeca Romexis 6.2) were used to locate 19 landmarks and obtain 23 measurements. Mean radial error (MRE) and successful detection rate (SDR) values were calculated to assess the accuracy of automatic landmark digitization. Paired t tests and Bland‒Altman plots were used to compare the differences and consistencies in cephalometric measurements between manual and automatic analysis programs.

Results
The MRE for 19 cephalometric landmarks was 2.07 ± 1.35 mm with the automatic program. The average SDR within 1 mm, 2 mm, 2.5 mm, 3 and 4 mm were 18.82%, 58.58%, 71.70%, 82.04% and 91.39%, respectively. Soft tissue landmarks (1.54 ± 0.85 mm) had the most consistency, while dental landmarks (2.37 ± 1.55 mm) had the most variation. In total, 15 out of 23 measurements were within the clinically acceptable level of accuracy, 2 mm or 2°. The rates of consistency within the 95% limits of agreement were all above 90% for all measurement parameters.

Conclusion
Automatic analysis software collects cephalometric measurements almost effectively enough to be acceptable in clinical work. Nevertheless, automatic cephalometry is not capable of completely replacing manual tracing. Additional manual supervision and adjustment for automatic programs can increase accuracy and efficiency.
Uterine angioleiomyoma with disseminated intravascular coagulation: a case report
Authors: Sato Hanako , Murakami Kosuke , Fujishima Risa , Otani Tomoyuki , Sakai Kazuko , Nishio Kazuto , Matsumura Noriomi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Uterine angioleiomyoma is benign tumor that composed of smooth muscle cells and thick-walled vessels. It is a very rare condition reported to present as lower abdominal mass, accompanied by dysmenorrhea and hypermenorrhea. However, its clinical presentation is not known.

Case presentation
We report the case of a 44-year-old Japanese woman who developed severe anemia with disseminated intravascular coagulation without obvious external bleeding. The patient had a huge abdominal mass of over 20 cm in size, which was thought to be a uterine tumor. She received daily blood transfusions and her condition improved rapidly after she underwent hysterectomy. Pathological examination of the tumor revealed spindle-shaped cells with little atypia and mitosis, and numerous large vessels with smooth muscle and thrombus in the vessels.

Conclusions
Uterine angioleiomyoma was identified as the cause of the coagulation abnormality. CCND2 and AR gene amplification was detected in the tumor. Uterine tumors that present with coagulopathy despite a clinical course suggestive of benign disease should undergo differential diagnosis for uterine angioleiomyoma.
A novel small molecule, AS1, reverses the negative hedonic valence of noxious stimuli
Authors: Esancy Kali , Conceicao Lais L. , Curtright Andrew , Tran Thanh , Condon Logan , Lecamp Bryce , Dhaka Ajay 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Pain is the primary reason people seek medical care, with chronic pain affecting ~ 20% of people in the USA. However, many existing analgesics are ineffective in treating chronic pain, while others (e.g., opioids) have undesirable side effects. Here, we describe the screening of a small molecule library using a thermal place aversion assay in larval zebrafish to identify compounds that alter aversion to noxious thermal stimuli and could thus serve as potential analgesics.

Results
From our behavioral screen, we discovered a small molecule, Analgesic Screen 1 (AS1), which surprisingly elicited attraction to noxious painful heat. When we further explored the effects of this compound using other behavioral place preference assays, we found that AS1 was similarly able to reverse the negative hedonic valence of other painful (chemical) and non-painful (dark) aversive stimuli without being inherently rewarding. Interestingly, targeting molecular pathways canonically associated with analgesia did not replicate the effects of AS1. A neuronal imaging assay revealed that clusters of dopaminergic neurons, as well as forebrain regions located in the teleost equivalent of the basal ganglia, were highly upregulated in the specific context of AS1 and aversive heat. Through a combination of behavioral assays and pharmacological manipulation of dopamine circuitry, we determined that AS1 acts via D1 dopamine receptor pathways to elicit this attraction to noxious stimuli.

Conclusions
Together, our results suggest that AS1 relieves an aversion-imposed “brake” on dopamine release, and that this unique mechanism may provide valuable insight into the development of new valence-targeting analgesic drugs, as well as medications for other valence-related neurological conditions, such as anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Associations between an inflammatory diet index and severe non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a prospective study of 171,544 UK Biobank participants
Authors: Petermann-Rocha Fanny , Wirth Michael D. , Boonpor Jirapitcha , Parra-Soto Solange , Zhou Ziyi , Mathers John C. , Livingstone Katherine , Forrest Ewan , Pell Jill P. , Ho Frederick K. , Hébert James R. , Celis-Morales Carlos 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is linked to inflammation, whether an inflammatory diet increases the risk of NAFLD is unclear. This study aimed to examine the association between the Energy-adjusted Diet Inflammatory Index (E-DII) score and severe NAFLD using UK Biobank.MethodsThis prospective cohort study included 171,544 UK Biobank participants. The E-DII score was computed using 18 food parameters. Associations between the E-DII and incident severe NAFLD (defined as hospital admission or death) were first investigated by E-DII categories (very/moderately anti-inflammatory [E-DII <  − 1], neutral [E-DII − 1 to 1] and very/moderately pro-inflammatory [E-DII > 1]) using Cox proportional hazard models. Nonlinear associations were investigated using penalised cubic splines fitted into the Cox proportional hazard models. Analyses were adjusted for sociodemographic, lifestyle and health-related factors.ResultsOver a median follow-up of 10.2 years, 1489 participants developed severe NAFLD. After adjusting for confounders, individuals in the very/moderately pro-inflammatory category had a higher risk (HR: 1.19 [95% CI: 1.03 to 1.38]) of incident severe NAFLD compared with those in the very/moderately anti-inflammatory category. There was some evidence of nonlinearity between the E-DII score and severe NAFLD.ConclusionsPro-inflammatory diets were associated with a higher risk of severe NAFLD independent of confounders such as the components of the metabolic syndrome. Considering there is no recommended treatment for the disease, our findings suggest a potential means to lower the risk of NAFLD.
Identifying the potential causal role of insomnia symptoms on 11,409 health-related outcomes: a phenome-wide Mendelian randomisation analysis in UK Biobank
Authors: Gibson Mark J. , Lawlor Deborah A. , Millard Louise A. C. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Insomnia symptoms are widespread in the population and might have effects on many chronic conditions and their risk factors but previous research has focused on select hypothesised associations/effects rather than taking a systematic hypothesis-free approach across many health outcomes.

Methods
We performed a Mendelian randomisation (MR) phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) in 336,975 unrelated white-British UK Biobank participants. Self-reported insomnia symptoms were instrumented by a genetic risk score (GRS) created from 129 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). A total of 11,409 outcomes from UK Biobank were extracted and processed by an automated pipeline (PHESANT) for the MR-PheWAS. Potential causal effects (those passing a Bonferroni-corrected significance threshold) were followed up with two-sample MR in MR-Base, where possible.

Results
Four hundred thirty-seven potential causal effects of insomnia symptoms were observed for a diverse range of outcomes, including anxiety, depression, pain, body composition, respiratory, musculoskeletal and cardiovascular traits. We were able to undertake two-sample MR for 71 of these 437 and found evidence of causal effects (with directionally concordant effect estimates across main and sensitivity analyses) for 30 of these. These included novel findings (by which we mean not extensively explored in conventional observational studies and not previously explored using MR based on a systematic search) of an adverse effect on risk of spondylosis (OR [95%CI] = 1.55 [1.33, 1.81]) and bronchitis (OR [95%CI] = 1.12 [1.03, 1.22]), among others.

Conclusions
Insomnia symptoms potentially cause a wide range of adverse health-related outcomes and behaviours. This has implications for developing interventions to prevent and treat a number of diseases in order to reduce multimorbidity and associated polypharmacy.