bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monoaryl‐Substituted Norbornadiene Photoswitches as Molecular Solar Thermal Energy Storage Compounds: Synthesis and Investigation
Authors: Schulte Robin , Afflerbach Sandra , Ihmels Heiko 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the search for improved photochromic systems that may be used for the efficient reversible conversion of light into chemical energy, eight monoaryl‐substituted norbornadienes are presented, which carry naphthyl, anthracenyl, or donor‐acceptor‐phenyl substituents to establish an extended π system. The substrates were synthesized by Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling reactions, and their absorption properties, the key parameters of the photochromic equilibrium, and the energy storage density of the quadricyclane products were examined. It was observed that these compounds have favorable properties for chemical energy storage. Specifically, 2‐(1‐naphthyl)norbornadiene showed a pronounced red shift of the absorption, a long half‐life (35 d) and a relatively high energy storage density (361 KJ/Kg) of the respective quadricyclane. Therefore, the so far neglected monoaryl‐norbornadienes represent a useful and complementary class of compounds that should be considered in the development of efficient molecular solar thermal energy storage (MOST) compounds, which can reversibly convert sunlight into chemical energy.
Let's talk about this: Co‐rumination and dyadic dynamics of moral repair following wrongdoing
Authors: Wenzel Michael , Rossi Cara , Thai Michael , Woodyatt Lydia , Okimoto Tyler G. , Worthington Everett L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractInterpersonal transgressions threaten victims, offenders, and their relationships, often leading the parties to ruminate about the wrongdoing, not only individually but also together, in acts of co‐rumination. We investigate how two forms of co‐rumination—co‐reflection and co‐brooding—influence, or are influenced by, individual rumination and victim forgiveness or offender self‐forgiveness. Our study used a prospective‐longitudinal‐dyadic design (N = 110 dyads), where relationship couples were recruited prior to an incident and, once a partner reported feeling wronged by the other, completed repeated surveys over four time‐points 24–48 h apart. Cross‐lagged panel models indicated that co‐rumination was related to increased subsequent individual rumination; forgiveness and self‐forgiveness were related to reduced subsequent co‐rumination; and self‐punitiveness showed positive feedback cycles with co‐brooding and offender rumination, whereas genuine self‐forgiveness seemed to draw on co‐reflection via individual rumination and, in turn, reduced co‐reflection. Co‐rumination plays an important, yet complex, role within processes of moral repair.
Volume and complexity of the thalamus in Anorexia Nervosa: An exploratory evaluation
Authors: Collantoni Enrico , Meregalli Valentina , Manara Renzo , Meneguzzo Paolo , Tenconi Elena , Favaro Angela 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveRecent neuroscientific findings have highlighted the role of the thalamus in several cognitive functions, ranging from perception to cognitive flexibility, memory, and body representation. Since some of these functions may be involved in the pathophysiology of Anorexia Nervosa (AN), this study aims at exploring thalamic structure in different phases of the disorder.MethodThe sample included 38 patients with acute AN, 20 patients who fully recovered from AN (recAN), and 38 healthy controls (HC), all female. All participants underwent high‐resolution MRI. The volumes of the whole thalamus and 25 thalamic nuclei were extracted using an automated segmentation algorithm, and thalamic fractal dimension was estimated using the calcFD toolbox.ResultsPatients with acute AN, compared to HC, displayed reduced thalamic volume and complexity both at the whole level and at the level of specific nuclei. In patients recAN, instead, alterations were observed only at the level of the right laterodorsal and central lateral nuclei.ConclusionsIn the acute phase of the disorder patients with AN present a widespread reduction in thalamic volume and complexity. However, these alterations seem to normalise almost completely following weight restoration, thus suggesting the involvement of malnutrition‐related mechanisms.
Maximizing the energy efficiency in intelligent reflecting surface‐aided unmanned aerial vehicle data collection system in presence of malicious jammers
Authors: Ji Zhi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this article, intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) aided an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) data collection system is investigated, where an IRS is deployed to assist in the communication from a cluster of Internet‐of‐Things (IoT) devices to a UAV in the presence of a jammer. We aim to improve the energy efficiency (EE) via the joint design of UAV trajectory, IRS passive beamforming, device power allocation and communication scheduling. However, the formulated nonlinear fractional programming problem is challenging to solve due to its nonconvexity and coupled variables. To overcome the difficulty, we propose an alternating optimization based algorithm to solve it sub‐optimally by leveraging the Dinkelbach's algorithm, successive convex approximation (SCA) technique, and block coordinate descent (BCD) method. Extensive simulation results show that the proposed design can significantly improve the anti‐jamming performance. In particular, for the remote jammer case, the proposed design can largely shorten the flight path and thus decrease the energy consumption via the signal enhancement; while for the local jammer case, which is deemed highly challenging in conventional systems without IRS since the retreating away strategy becomes ineffective, our proposed design even achieves a higher performance gain owing to the efficient jamming signal mitigation.
Diet quality and dietary acid load in relation to cardiovascular disease mortality: Results from Fasa PERSIAN cohort study
Authors: Fereidouni Sahar , Hejazi Najmeh , Homayounfar Reza , Farjam Mojtaba 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDietary intake is a determining factor in the morbidity and mortality of chronic disorders. However, not many documents have investigated this relationship. The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations of the Mediterranean dietary score (MDS), Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), DASH score, and dietary acid load with cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. A total of 2158 CVD patients (mean age of 54.73 ± 8.62 years) from the Fasa cohort study, Iran, participated in the current study. Diet quality indices including DII, AHEI, MDS, DASH, and dietary acid load (NEAP score) were computed using a validated 125‐item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Cox regression analyses were used to determine HRs and 95% CIs. During a follow‐up of 3 years, we documented 59 CVD deaths. After adjusting for relevant confounders (age, gender, family history of CVD, smoking, physical activity, alcohol intake, and HTN) in the final model, we found that higher DII scores and dietary acid load were significantly related to increased mortality due to CVD (HR = 1.11; 95% CI = 1.01–1.24; and HR = 1.02; 95% CI = 1.01–1.03). However, the DASH score was insignificantly associated with decreased CVD mortality by 20.4% (HR = 0.79; 95% CI = 0.57–1.09). There was no significant relationship among AHEI score, MDS, and CVD mortality. This study showed that increasing dietary acidity and the use of inflammatory food compounds could contribute to CVD mortality. Also, adherence to the DASH diet may be associated with reduced CVD mortality.
Structure, evolutionary context and chronological data of the Monforte de Moyuela Roman dam (Ebro Basin, NE of Spain)
Authors: Peña‐Monné José Luis , Sampietro‐Vattuone María Marta , Paula Uribe Agudo , García Giménez Rosario , Muñoz Arsenio , Villas David Badia , Magallón Botaya María Ángeles 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Monforte de Moyuela dam, also known as Ermita de la Virgen del Pilar dam, is a Roman reservoir built on a tributary of the Aguasvivas River (Ebro basin, Spain). A multidisciplinary study has been carried out to investigate this kind of Roman water infrastructure. It is the fifth‐highest dam (16.8 m) in the Iberian Peninsula and the seventh in the Roman Empire. The initial dam was built ca. 100 B.C.–10 A.D., probably in the period of Augustus, like other nearby Roman dams. It was quickly filled due to the extreme and generalized anthropic degradation in the basin during the Roman period. During the mid‐2nd century, the wall was increased in height and its final silting was dated to the early 7th century. The study of theopus caementiciummortars shows constructive differences between the initial and subsequent phases of the wall. These mortars provided charcoal for dating the two phases. In addition, the stratigraphic and edaphological study of the reservoir's sedimentary fill, together with the14C ages, allowed us to reconstruct the two main activity cycles and the final siltation of the dam. Subsequently, the dam broke in two phases, which created the two stepped sections located on the current valley bottom. The data obtained allowed the creation of a geomorphological map and an evolutionary model of the valley showing the main differentiated stages, from the initial construction of the dam to its final opening. Although some remains of canals downstream of the dam have been identified, the use of this dam, which remained active for several centuries, still needs to be investigated in greater detail.
Astrocytic aryl hydrocarbon receptor mediates chronic kidney disease‐associated mental disorders involving GLT1 hypofunction and neuronal activity enhancement in the mouse brain
Authors: Huang Yu‐Jie , Hung Chia‐Chi , Hsu Pei‐Chien , Lee Po‐Yi , Tsai Yen‐An , Hsin Yu‐Chiao , Lee Xie‐Ting , Chou Chia‐Cheng , Chen Mei‐Lien , Tarng Der‐Cherng , Lee Yi‐Hsuan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractChronic kidney disease (CKD)‐associated mental disorders have been attributed to the excessive accumulation of hemodialysis‐resistant indoxyl‐3‐sulfate (I3S) in the brain. I3S not only induces oxidative stress but is also a potent endogenous agonist of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Here, we investigated the role of AhR in CKD‐induced brain disorders using a 5/6 nephrectomy‐induced CKD mouse model, which showed increased I3S concentration in both blood and brain, anxiety and impaired novelty recognition, and AhR activation in the anterior cortex. GFAP+ reactive astrocytes were increased accompanied with the reduction of glutamate transporter 1 (GLT1) on perineuronal astrocytic processes (PAPs) in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in CKD mice, and these alterations were attenuated in both neural lineage‐specific and astrocyte‐specific Ahr conditional knockout mice (nAhrCKO and aAhrCKO). By using chronic I3S treatment in primary astrocytes and glia‐neuron (GN) mix cultures to mimic the CKD brain microenvironment, we also found significant reduction of GLT1 expression and activity in an AhR‐dependent manner. Chronic I3S treatment induced AhR‐dependent pro‐oxidant Nox1 and AhR‐independent anti‐oxidant HO‐1 expressions. Notably, AhR mediates chronic I3S‐induced neuronal activity enhancement and synaptotoxicity in GN mix, not neuron‐enriched cortical culture. In CKD mice, neuronal activity enhancement was observed in ACC and hippocampal CA1, and these responses were abrogated by both nAhrCKO and aAhrCKO. Finally, intranasal AhR antagonist CH‐223191 administration significantly ameliorated the GLT1/PAPs reduction, increase in c‐Fos+ neurons, and memory impairment in the CKD mice. Thus, astrocytic AhR plays a crucial role in the CKD‐induced disturbance of neuron‐astrocyte interaction and mental disorders.
Fetal behavior during MRI changes with age and relates to network dynamics
Authors: Ji Lanxin , Majbri Amyn , Hendrix Cassandra L. , Thomason Moriah E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFetal motor behavior is an important clinical indicator of healthy development. However, our understanding of associations between fetal behavior and fetal brain development is limited. To fill this gap, this study introduced an approach to automatically and objectively classify long durations of fetal movement from a continuous four‐dimensional functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data set, and paired behavior features with brain activity indicated by the fMRI time series. Twelve‐minute fMRI scans were conducted in 120 normal fetuses. Postnatal motor function was evaluated at 7 and 36 months age. Fetal motor behavior was quantified by calculating the frame‐wise displacement (FD) of fetal brains extracted by a deep‐learning model along the whole time series. Analyzing only low motion data, we characterized the recurring coactivation patterns (CAPs) of the supplementary motor area (SMA). Results showed reduced motor activity with advancing gestational age (GA), likely due in part to loss of space (r = −.51, p < .001). Evaluation of individual variation in motor movement revealed a negative association between movement and the occurrence of coactivations within the left parietotemporal network, controlling for age and sex (p = .003). Further, we found that the occurrence of coactivations between the SMA to posterior brain regions, including visual cortex, was prospectively associated with postnatal motor function at 7 months (r = .43, p = .03). This is the first study to pair fetal movement and fMRI, highlighting potential for comparisons of fetal behavior and neural network development to enhance our understanding of fetal brain organization.
Trismus intra‐operative release and expansion (TIRE): A novel operative treatment for trismus
Authors: Shih Michael C. , Gudipudi Rachana , Nguyen Shaun A. , Gordis Tamar M. , Amin Julian , Wilsgard Jamie , Davis Betsy K. , Jasper Sara , Day Terry A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundTrismus is a common symptom for patients with head and neck cancer. This study aimed to evaluate outcomes using the novel Trismus Intra‐operative Release and Expansion (TIRE).MethodsAll patients from 2012 to 2022 with histories of head and neck cancers and trismus treated with TIRE were included. Data examined included measured interincisal distance (IID) before and after treatment, and improvement or worsening of trismus.ResultsThirty‐eight patients with trismus were identified, and fourteen underwent TIRE. All had undergone surgery, and 13 had completed radiation therapy prior to TIRE. Mean improvement of IID immediately after TIRE was 18.44 ± 6.02 mm (p < 0.0001). At first follow‐up (2.51 ± 3.23 months, n = 8), mean improvement from pre‐operational measurements was 11.14 ± 9.17 mm (p = 0.018).ConclusionTIRE was initially successful in increasing IID in some patients, but sustained improvements were not consistently seen past 1 year follow‐up. TIRE could help resolve trismus enough to proceed with options for trismus therapy using devices and/or mouth opening exercises.
Higher serum interleukin‐12 levels are associated with the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder: A case‐control study results
Authors: Nahar Zabun , Sal‐Sabil Nisat , Sohan Md. , Qusar MMA Shalahuddin , Islam Md. Rabiul 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is the fourth biggest health‐related concern that dramatically impacts individuals' mental and physical health. Alteration of serum proinflammatory cytokine levels may take part in the development and progression of MDD. We aimed to explore and compare the role of interleukin‐12 (IL‐12) in MDD patients and healthy controls (HCs) and its involvement with the disease severity.MethodsThe present study included 85 patients and 87 age‐sex matched HCs. A qualified psychiatrist utilized the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition (DSM‐5) criteria to diagnose patients and evaluate HCs. We applied the Ham‐D rating scale to measure the severity of depression. Serum IL‐12 levels were measured using ELISA kits.ResultsWe observed a notable increase in the serum levels of IL‐12 in MDD patients compared to HCs (164.27 ± 10.18 pg/ml and 82.55 ± 4.40 pg/ml; p < 0.001). Moreover, we noticed a positive correlation between serum IL‐12 levels and Ham‐D scores in MDD patients (r = 0.363; p = 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed a good predictive performance (AUC = 0.871; p < 0.001) at the cut‐off point of 53.46 pg/ml for serum IL‐12.ConclusionThe current study findings support that IL‐12 levels are involved with the pathogenesis and inflammatory process in MDD. At the same time, this involvement may make this cytokine eligible for the risk evaluation of MDD. However, we recommend further interventional studies to explore more accurate associations between IL‐12 and depressive disorder.
Effect of COVID‐19 infection on sex hormone levels in hospitalized patients: A prospective longitudinal study in Iran
Authors: Afshari Poorandokht , Zakerkish Mehrnoosh , Abedi Parvin , Beheshtinasab Maryam , Maraghi Elham , Meghdadi Hossein 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionThis study aimed to evaluate the levels of sex hormones in patients with COVID‐19 in Ahvaz, Iran.MethodsA prospective longitudinal study was conducted at Razi hospital, Ahvaz, Iran, from July 2020 to Febuary 2021. The levels of sex hormones including estradiol, progesterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and total and free testosterone were measured in 162 patients with COVID‐19 infection during hospitalization and 1 month after discharge. A demographic questionnaire and a checklist were used to collect the data. Mann−Whitney U test, χ2 test, Fisher's exact test, Wilcoxon test, and logistic regression were used to analyze the data.ResultsSex hormones were assessed in 162 patients at baseline; however, a month after discharge, only 69 patients provided consent for assessment, and 9 had passed away. The estradiol level was 407.70 ± 623.37 and 213.78 ± 407.17 pg/ml in female patients with severe and moderate diseases at baseline, respectively which reduced to 195.33 ± 380.04 and 58.20 ± 39.45 pg/ml after discharge (p = 0.011 and p = 0.001). The alteration in the levels of progesterone, LH, and FSH were not significant.The level of LH in both groups of male patients with severe (6.64 ± 2.91 IU) and moderate disease (6.42 ± 4.44 IU) was high, which reduced after discharge (4.16 ± 2.44 and 3.93 ± 3.15 IU, respectively), but this decrease was significant only in the patients with severe disease (p < 0.0001). The alteration of FSH and free testosterone were not significant. The level of testosterone was 1.19 ± 0.73 and 1.46 ± 1.22 ng/ml at baseline in patients with severe and moderate diseases which increased to 2.64 ± 1.25 ng/ml, p < 0.0001, and 2.54 ± 0.93 ng/ml, p = 0.001, respectively after discharge.ConclusionOur findings showed that the level of estradiol in female patients increased significantly while the level of testosterone in male patients decreased during the active phase of infection. Due to the attrition of patients in the follow‐up period, more studies are needed to confirm these results.
The effects of typical grass cover combined with biocrusts on slope hydrology and soil erosion during rainstorms on the Loess Plateau of China: An experimental study
Authors: Dan Chenxi , Liu Gang , Zhao Yunge , Shu Chengbo , Shen Enshuai , Liu Chang , Tan Qinghua , Zhang Qiong , Guo Zhen , Zhang Yang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBiological soil crust (BSC), as a groundcover, is widely intergrown with grass. The effects of grass combined with BSCs on slope hydrology and soil erosion during rainfall are still unclear. In this study, simulated rainfall experiments were applied to a soil flume with four different slope cover treatments, namely, bare soil (CK), grass cover (GC), BSC, and GC + BSC, to observe the processes of runoff and sediment yield. Additionally, the soil moisture at different depths during infiltration was observed. The results showed that the runoff generated by rainfall for all treatments was in the following order: BSC > GC + BSC > CK > GC. Compared with CK, GC promoted infiltration, and BSC inhibited infiltration. The BSCs obviously inhibited infiltration at a depth of 8 cm. When the rainfall continued to infiltrate down to 16 and 24 cm, the effects of grass on promoting infiltration were stronger than those of BSCs on inhibiting infiltration. Compared with CK, the flow velocity of the BSC, GC and GC + BSC treatments was reduced by 62.8%, 32.3% and 68.3%, respectively. The BSCs and grass increased the critical shear stress by increasing the resistance. Additionally, the average sediment yield of GC and both treatments with BSCs was reduced by 80.8% and >99%, respectively, compared with CK. The soil erosion process was dominated by the soil detachment capacity in the CK, BSC and GC + BSC treatments, while the GC treatment showed a transport‐limited process. This study provides a scientific basis for the reasonable spatial allocation of vegetation in arid and semiarid areas and the correction of vegetation cover factors in soil erosion prediction models.
Characterizing stream temperature hysteresis in forested headwater streams
Authors: Miralha Lorrayne , Wissler Austin D. , Segura Catalina , Bladon Kevin D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractStream temperature (Ts) is a key water quality parameter that controls several biological, ecological, and chemical processes in aquatic systems. In forested headwaters, exchanges of energy across air‐water‐streambed interfaces may influence Ts regimes, especially during storm events as the sources of runoff change over space and time. Analysis of the hysteretic behaviour of Ts during storm events may provide insights into rainfall‐runoff responses, but such relationships have not been thoroughly investigated. As such, our objectives were to (a) quantify the variability of stream temperature hysteresis across seasons in different sub‐regions and (b) investigate the relationship between the hysteretic response and catchment characteristics. Ts hysteresis during storm events was assessed based on the hysteresis index (HI), which describes the directionality of hysteresis loops, and the temperature response index (TRI), which indicates whether Ts increased or decreased during a storm event. We analysed Ts data from 10 forested headwater reaches in two sub‐regions (McGarvey and West Fork Tectah) in Northern California. We also performed a clustering analysis to examine the relationship amongst HI, TRI, topographic metrics, and meteorological characteristics of the study areas. Overall, the hysteretic behaviour of Ts varied across seasons—the greatest HI occurred during spring and summer. Interestingly, in the McGarvey streams the variability in Ts hysteresis co‐varied strongly with topographic metrics (i.e., upslope accumulative area, average channel slope, topographic wetness index). Comparatively, in West Fork Tectah the variability of Ts hysteresis co‐varied most strongly with meteorological metrics (i.e., antecedent rainfall events, solar radiation, and air temperature). Variables such as the gradient between stream and air temperatures, slope, and wetted width were significant for both sub‐regional hysteretic patterns. We posit that the drivers of Ts response during storms are likely dependent on catchment physiographic characteristics. Our study also illustrated the potential utility of stream temperature as a tracer for improving the understanding of hydrologic connectivity and shifts in the dominant runoff contributions to streamflow during storm events.