bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Teaching a foreign language at technical university according to the blended learning model in LMS «English Patient»
Authors: Shirokolobova Anastasia G. , Shirokolobov Georgii V. 
Published: December 2022

The purpose of the work is to create a methodology for managing educational activities in LMS English Patient using blended learning model Flipped Classroom in the course of improving the language skills of university teachers. The study was conducted in four stages. At the first stage, the features and technical characteristics of the LMS English Patient for teaching foreign languages at the university were studied. At the second stage, the authors electronic course Professional English Language Development (PELD) was developed in LMS English Patient for teaching foreign languages at the university according to the model of blended learning Flipped Classroom. At the third stage, the methodology of organizing educational activities according to the Flipped Classroom model using the LMS English Patient is described. At the fourth stage, the level of formation of language skills while working in the LMS English patient was revealed.
The scientific novelty of the study consists in creating of effective methodology for managing educational activities using blended learning Flipped Classroom model in LMS English Patient.
It is proved that LMS English patient, as a means of organizing the educational process according to the blended learning model for learning a foreign language, is an effective tool for organizing not only independent work, but also classroom interaction of students with a teacher, which is demonstrated by the high efficiency (76.8 %) of mastering language skills as a result of final testing.
Economic dependency through the lens of comparative capitalism. The case of Central Eastern Europe and Latin America
Authors: Anusik Jakub 
Published: December 2022

The article presents a review of the most important approaches towards the notion of economic dependency – starting from its roots in the history of economic thought which is the Latin-American structural economics. The further argument falls within the research area of comparative political economy, especially the comparative capitalism. The models drawing from the theory of dependence are developed in this strand in the 21st century. Contemporary Latin America and Central & Eastern Europe are the two regions which are labeled as dependent in the literature. The aim of the article is to critically describe these analytical schemes, highlight their deficits and methodological issues which they face as well as to prepare ground for further research in which the dependent capitalism of both regions could be compared in more detail.
Insurance Market in the Light of Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ratowska-Dziobiak Eleonora 
Published: December 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has been compared to world wars or other tragic events in terms of the death toll it has taken and huge economic losses it has caused. It is not a finished process, so it is difficult to predict the scale of its impact. According to IMF estimates, the contraction of the world economy will be much greater than in the years of the financial crisis of 2008–2009. The negative effects in different countries may depend on the severity and extent of the applied lock-down or interventions undertaken by governments. Changes taking place in various sectors of the economy are of a different nature. The effects of the pandemic can be also seen in the insurance segment.
The aim of this article is to find answers to the following research questions:

To what extent did the COVID-19 pandemic affect the situation on the insurance market?
In which areas are its consequences particularly visible?
What kind of opportunities and threats does the pandemic bring from the perspective of the insurance market?

Methodology. The analysis used available scientific publications, reports prepared by the Polish Financial Supervision Authority, Polish Insurance Association and entities conducting brokerage activities or selected consulting companies.
The result of the research. In a few days, in March 2020, a real revolution took place on the insurance market. The insurers faced the need to introduce completely remote customer service. They also had to launch new tools, which in many cases were still in the testing phase and which they did not have the opportunity to use on a large scale. With the onset of the pandemic, they were quickly implemented. It was related to additional funds, huge commitment and discipline of all employees, liquidators, agents, sales departments, and administration. Consequent on this, clients gained full access to all services and insurance products, without leaving home. On the other hand, pandemic has led to the significant changes within the demand for the insurance services and customers’ expectations, but also to growing scale of damages and compensation paid to the clients leading to the higher insurance premiums.
MATHEMATICAL MODELLING APPROACH OF THE STUDY OF EBOLA VIRUS DISEASE TRANSMISSION DYNAMICS IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY.
Authors: MBAH Godwin Christopher E , ONAH Ifeanyi Sunday , AHMAN Queeneth Ojoma , COLLINS Obiora C , ASOGWA Christopher C , OKOYE Chukwudi 
Published: December 2022

Background: Ebola Virus causes disease both in human and non-human primates especially in developing countries. Materials and Methods: Here we studied the spread of Ebola virus in and hence obtained a system of equations comprising of eighteen equations which completely described the transmission of Ebola Virus in a population where control measures like vaccination, treatment, quarantine, isolation of infectious patients while on treatment and use of condom were incorporated and a major source of contacting the disease which is the traditional washing of dead bodies was also incorporated. We investigated the local stability of the disease-free equilibrium using the Jacobian approach and the global stability using the center manifold theorem. We also investigated the local and global stability of the endemic theorem by constructing a Lyapunov function using the LaSalle’s Invariant principle. Results: This modeled system of equations was analyzed, and result showed that the disease-free equilibrium where both local and globally stable and that the system exhibits a forward bifurcation. The endemic equilibrium also was showed to be stable when the reproduction number is greater than one. Conclusions: Furthermore, numerical simulations were carried out to further see the impacts of the various control measures on the various compartments of the population. Our graphs show that isolation is the best option for an infectious person to be treated to avoid the disease been spread further and leads to quicker and better recovery.
Delineation of grade II and III gliomas investigated by 7T MRI: An inter-observer study
Authors: Prener Martin , Opheim Giske , Simonsen Helle Juhl , Engelmann Christina Malling , Ziebell Morten , Carlsen Jonathan , Paulson Olaf B. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Diffuse low-grade gliomas (DLGGs) are low malignancy brain tumors originating from the glial cells of the brain growing continuously and infiltratively along the neural axons and infiltrating the surrounding brain tissue. DLGG’s usually transforms to higher malignancy, are causing progressive disability and premature death. MRI scans are valuable when assessing soft tissue abnormalities, but due to the infiltrative properties of DLGGs delineating the tumor borders is a challenging task. The aim of this study was therefore to explore the difference in gross tumor volume (GTV) of DLGGs delineated from 3 Tesla and 7 Tesla MRI scans.
Method: Patients were recruited at the department of neurosurgery and were scanned in both a 3T and a 7T MRI-scanner prior to operation. Two observers delineated the tumors using semi-automatic delineation software. The results from each observer were blinded to the other observer’s delineation.
Results: Comparing GTVs from 7T and 3T the percentage difference varied up to 40.4% on the T2-weighted images. On the FLAIR images, the percentage difference in GTV varied up to 15.3%. On the T2-weighted images most cases varied approximately 15% and on the FLAIR sequence half of the cases varied approximately 5% and the other half approximately 15%. The overall interobserver agreement was near perfect with and intraclass correlation of 0.969. The intraclass correlation was better on the FLAIR sequence than on the T2 sequence.
Conclusion: Overall, the GTVs delineated from 7T images were smaller. The increase in field strength improved the inter-observer agreement on the FLAIR sequence only.
Dolutegravir-Associated Resistance Mutations after first-line treatment failure in Brazil
Authors: Diaz Ricardo Sobhie , Hunter James R , Camargo Michelle , Dias Danilo , Galinskas Juliana , Nassar Isabella , de Lima Isaac Barbosa , Caldeira Debora Bellini , Sucupira Maria Cecilia , Schechter Mauro 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Since January 2017, the recommended first-line antiretroviral regimen in Brazil is the fixed-dose combination of tenofovir plus lamivudine, with dolutegravir (TL+D). According to the literature, integrase resistance-associated mutations (INRAMs) are rarely found upon virologic failure to first-line dolutegravir plus two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
Methods: HIV Sanger sequences of the pol gene were generated from plasma of patients with confirmed virologic failure to first-line TL+D in the Brazilian public health system before December 31, 2018.
Results: 113 individuals were included in the analysis. Major INRAMs were detected in six patients (5.31%), four with R263K, one with G118R, one with E138A. Four patients with major INRAMs also had the K70E and M184V mutations in the RT gene. 16(14.2%) additional individuals presented minor INRAMs, and three (2.7%) patients had both major and minor INRAMS. 13 (11.5%) patients also presented mutations in the RT gene selected by tenofovir and lamivudine, including four with both the K70E and M184V mutations and four with only M184V. The polymorphic integrase mutations L101I and T124A, which are in the in vitro pathway for integrase inhibitor resistance, were found in 48 and 19 patients respectively. Mutations not related to TL+D, thus probable transmitted resistance mutations (TDR), were present in 28 patients (24.8%): 25 (22.1%) to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, 19 (16.8%) to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and 6 (5.31%) to protease inhibitors.
Conclusions: In marked contrast to previous reports, we report a relatively high frequency of INRAMs among selected patients failing first-line TL+D in the public health system in Brazil. Possible reasons for this discrepancy include delays in detecting virologic failure, patients inadvertently on dolutegravir monotherapy, TDR, and/or infecting subtype.
A hybrid machine learning approach for heart disease prediction using hyper parameter optimization
Authors: Sinha Dibakar , Sharma Ashish , Sharma Sourabh 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Heart disease is a serious terminal condition in most parts of the world. The acute lack of medical professionals, expertise, and technology to identify important signs. So a smart and efficient model and technology is required to lead early diagnosis of heart disease. The current study proposes a new experience-based method namely HSPUCD (Heart stage prediction using clinical data) to forecast cardiac disorders utilizing hybrid machine learning. Type 4 protocols Cross Validation is used to assess a model's competence on unknown data. Hyper parameters were modified to regulate the suggested model's behavior and performance. The suggested system is based on extensive research. Data pre-processing was utilized to discover the most relevant network traffic and generate the initial candidate collection of feature characteristics. The suggested model additionally uses automated feature selection to extract features from a candidate set of features and selects the most relevant subset of features from this candidate set. Crow search algorithm is used to extract data characteristics from the pre-processed data. Finally, an online training classifier is utilized to categorize the data and forecast the result. The proposed strategy greatly increases the system's illness prediction accuracy with less noise and more advanced regression approaches using existing medical datasets. Mathematical results depicts the effectiveness of the proposed approach in comparison with others.
Comparative Study of Femtosecond Laser-Induced Ultrafast Magnetization Dynamics in Soft Ferromagnetic Ultra-thin alloy
Authors: Hosseini S. M. , Jalilian R. , Hamidi S. M. , Jahangiri F. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The typical demagnetization mechanism is applicable in magneto-optic recording systems on a nanoseconds timescale. To develop data processing speed in communication systems and the recording industry, much faster magnetization dynamics must occur on a timescale of femtosecond. Interest in this area has expanded rapidly since understanding the physics of ultrafast magnetization processes by experiment are an acutely challenging task. As a result, in order to explain the quenching of magnetization by laser heating in ferromagnetic alloys such as permalloy thin film with thickness varying from 1 nm to 5 nm, we executed a new theoretical study. In particular, we demonstrate that the magnetization decays in a timescale of picoseconds by the microscopic three-temperature model.
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms among patients receiving opioid agonist therapy: a Norwegian cohort study
Authors: Vold Jørn Henrik , Halmøy Anne , Chalabianloo Fatemeh , Pierron Marianne Cook , Løberg Else-Marie , Johansson Kjell Arne , Fadnes Lars Thore 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is common among patients with opioid dependence and makes treatment for both disorders more challenging. The literature on the extent of ADHD and related cognitive symptoms is scarce. Understanding the link between these ADHD-related symptoms and clinical and sociodemographic characteristics may optimize treatment among patients with opioid dependence. This study examined the prevalence of ADHD, cognitive ADHD symptoms, and the association between these symptoms and clinical and sociodemographic variables among patients receiving opioid agonist therapy (OAT). Methods We used data from health assessments of a cohort of patients in Norway receiving OAT. Data on ADHD-related symptoms obtained from the adult ADHD self-report scale version 1.1 (ASRS-v.1.1), and sociodemographic and clinical factors were collected. In total, 701 patients were included from May 2016 to March 2022. All the patients responded to two ASRS-v1.1 questions on problems with concentration and memory. Two-hundred twenty-five patients completed all the questions in the ASRS-v.1.1, part A. Diagnoses of mental disorders were collected from medical records. Clinical ADHD symptoms were defined as exceeding the symptom cutoff for at least four of six questions in the ASRS-v.1.1 part A. Ordinal regression analyses were performed to investigate whether the exposure variables of age, sex, substance use, injecting use, housing status, and educational attainment were associated with concentration and memory problems (outcome variables) at baseline and over time. The analysis results are presented as odds ratios (OR), with their 95% confidence intervals (CI). Baseline was defined as the time of the first health assessment. Results Forty-five percent of patients receiving OAT exceeded the cutoff for adult clinical ADHD symptoms. Of these, 29% had registered ADHD diagnosis. Using cannabis was associated with problems with concentration (OR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.1–2.5) and memory (1.7, 1.1–2.6) at baseline and fewer memory problems over time (0.7, 0.6–1.0). At baseline, using stimulants (1.8, 1.0–3.2) and low educational attainment (0.1, 0.0–0.8) were associated with memory problems. Conclusions Nearly half the patients receiving OAT had clinical ADHD symptoms. Using cannabis and amphetamines may contribute to memory and concentration problems in this population.
Religious and traditional beliefs and practices as predictors of mental and physical health outcomes and the role of religious affiliation in health outcomes and risk taking. A quantitative study among young people living with HIV in Zimbabwe
Authors: Wüthrich-Grossenbacher Ursula 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: While many studies from sub-Saharan countries, including Zimbabwe, allude to the important role of religion and tradition for young people living with HIV (YPLHIV), most of these studies tend to be descriptive and lack advanced statistical analysis. This study aims to close this gap.
Methods: Data for this study was collected between July and October 2021 from 804 YPLHIV (aged 14-24) in Zimbabwe. The questionnaire included questions regarding participants’ conceptions of HIV, their health seeking and risk-taking behaviour, current HIV viral load results, the prevalence of opportunistic infections, their mental health status, and demographic characteristics. The analysis was done using multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression.
Results: We found that Pentecostal religious affiliation was linked to overall lower viral load (OR: 0.34; CI: 0.12-0.96; P: 0.042), Apostolic to more (OR: 1.52; CI: 1-2.3; P: 0.049) and Pentecostal to less (OR: 0.53; CI: 0.32-0.95; P: 0.033) treatment failure. Additionally, conceptions about HIV without spiritual or religious connotation, such as ‘seeing HIV as result of a weak body’ was associated with lower risk of treatment failure (OR: 0.6; CI: 0.4-1.0; P: 0.063), higher chances for undetectable viral load (OR: 1.4; CI: 1-2; P: 0.061), and overall lower viral load (OR: 0.7; CI: 0.5-1; P: 0.067). Moralizing concepts of HIV, like ‘seeing HIV as a result of sin in the family’, was linked to higher risk of opportunistic infections (OR:1.8; CI:1.1-3; P: 0.018), and higher risk of treatment failure (OR: 1.7; CI: 0.7-1.1; P: 0.066). Religious objections toward certain forms of therapy, like toward cervical cancer screening, was linked to higher risk of mental problems (OR: 2.2; CI: 1.35-3.68; P: 0.002) and higher risk of opportunistic infections (OR:1.6; CI:1.1-2.1; P: 0.008). Religious affiliations significantly influenced conceptions of HIV, health seeking behaviour, and risk taking.
Conclusion: To our knowledge, this study is the first to provide evidence about the statistically significant associations between religious and traditional beliefs and practices and current health outcomes and health risk factors of YPLHIV in Zimbabwe. It is also the first to identify empirically the role of religious affiliations as predictors of current viral load results. This new knowledge can inform contextualized approaches to support YPLHIV in Zimbabwe.
Noradrenergic modulation of whole brain dynamics mediates perceptual switches
Authors: Wainstein Gabriel , Whyte Christopher , Martens Kaylena Ehgoetz , Müller Eli , Munn Brandon , Medel Vicente , Anderson Britt , Stöttinger Elisabeth , Danckert James , Shine James 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Perception is thought to rely upon evolving activity within a recurrent, distributed thalamocortical network whose interconnections are modulated by bursts of noradrenaline. To test this hypothesis, we leveraged a combination of pupillometry, fMRI and recurrent neural network modelling of an ambiguous figures task. Shifts in the perceptual interpretation of an ambiguous image were associated with peaks in pupil diameter, implicating noradrenergic gain alteration in the perceptual switch. We trained a recurrent neural network to perform an analogous perceptual categorisation task, and then manipulated the gain of the RNN to mimic the effect of noradrenaline. We observed an earlier perceptual shift as a function of heightened gain. Leveraging a low-dimensional readout of the RNN dynamics, and a measure of the energy landscape traversed by the dynamics, we developed two novel predictions: perceptual switches should co-occur with peaks in low-dimensional brain state velocity and with flattened energy landscape dynamics. We used whole-brain fMRI data to confirm these predictions. These results confirm the core role of the noradrenergic system in the large-scale network reconfigurations that mediate perception.
Depression among older adults who developed Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) during hospitalization for non cardiac illness: A Prospective observational study.
Authors: Vijayakumar Priya , David Arun , M Vijayakumar 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background:
Atypical presentations of ACS delay its recognition and treatment in the older adults. During hospitalization, depression and functional decline which is unique to older adults, leads to poor clinical outcome. Steps taken for its prevention is unlikely to become a priority for the Cardiologist. Present study was conducted to identify Depression among older adults who developed ACS during hospitalization for non cardiac illness and their outcome.
Methods:
310 older adults with ACS were included from 26 June 2020 to 13 October 2020. Subjects were divided into those admitted primarily due to an ACS (Group I, n=94) and those developing ACS following admission for non cardiac illness (Group II, n=216). Co morbidities, medications, investigations, management, clinical outcome, Geriatric Depression Scale was compared between the two groups at the time of admission, after 30 days and after 6 months.
Results:
Majority of them were admitted due to acute kidney injury (27.1%) in Group II and had a non-ST elevation ACS (90.2%). Optimum management was given to a lesser extent due to the clinical condition of these patients. Depression during hospitalization, during follow up and poor clinical, functional and cognitive outcome was more in Group II.
Conclusion:
Optimum medical management was not given to considerable number of patients due to atypical presentations, clinical condition, along with functional and cognitive decline which resulted from depression. Clinicians must be vigilant for the development of depression when an older adult is admitted to the hospital, as early detection and optimum management provides better clinical outcome.
Adsorption capacities of four types of ZIF-8 with different morphologies and surface charges for chemical warfare agent simulants
Authors: Oh Sojin , Lee Sujeong , Lee Gihyun , Oh Moonhyun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The effective separation of toxic chemicals, including chemical warfare agents (CWAs), from the environment via adsorption is of great importance because such chemicals pose a significant threat to humans and ecosystems. To this end, the development of effective porous adsorbents for CWA removal has received significant attention. Understanding the specific interactions between adsorbents and CWAs must precede for the development of effective adsorbents. Herein, we report the relationship between the adsorption capacity of porous ZIF-8 and its morphological and surface characteristics. Four types of ZIF-8, which have different morphologies (such as cubic, rhombic dodecahedron, and leaf- and plate-shaped samples), were selectively prepared. The four types of ZIF-8 were found to have different surface charges owing to dissimilarly exposed components on the surfaces and additionally incorporated components. The specific surface charges of ZIF-8 were found to be closely related to their adsorption capacities for CWA simulants such as 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) and dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP). Cubic ZIF-8, with the most positive surface charge among four ZIF-8 samples, exhibited the highest adsorption capacity for CEES and DMMP via the effective polar interaction. Moreover, ZIF-8 exhibited excellent recyclability without losing its adsorption capacity and without critical morphological or structural changes.