bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving the performance of biobased polyurethane dispersion by the incorporation of photo-crosslinkable coumarin
Authors: Germán-Ayuso Lorena , Cuevas José M. , Seoane-Rivero Rubén , Navarro Rodrigo , Marcos-Fernández Angel , Vilas-Vilela José L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHigh biobased carbon content polyurethane dispersions (PUD) are a more sustainable alternative to conventional oil-derived waterborne dispersions in coatings. However, there are still many performance limitations from restricted availability of effective renewable monomers and oligomers. This work demonstrates the improvement of the properties of high biobased content PUD and derived coating by introducing a photo-reversibly crosslinkable coumarin as chain extender within the structure. The effect of partial substitution of 1,3-propanediol biobased by a di-hydroxy photo-reactive cyclic coumarin on the particle size and the stability was analyzed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and multiple light scattering (MLS). The lateral and more rigid structure of coumarin involved a moderated increment in particle size without significant effect on the dispersion stability for at least 45 days. Associated improvement in hardness and toughness was also demonstrated by tensile test, pendulum hardness, pencil hardness and scratch resistance test. Furthermore, controlled UV irradiation of the polyurethane gave rise to a mechanical performance adjustment from reversible photo-crosslinking and scission of the coumarin molecules within the macromolecular structure. A 70% dimerization degree of the coumarin within the polyurethane film by UV light provided a partially reversible threefold higher tensile strength than that of the original biobased formulation as an effective tool to tune the response of biobased polyurethanes.
Graphical Abstract
The imposter phenomenon and its relationship with self-efficacy, perfectionism and happiness in university students
Authors: Pákozdy Csilla , Askew Jemima , Dyer Jessica , Gately Phoebe , Martin Leya , Mavor Kenneth I. , Brown Gillian R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIndividuals who experience the imposter phenomenon (IP) have feelings of self-doubt and are concerned that they will be exposed as frauds. Previous research has indicated that IP is associated with anxiety, depression and low self-esteem, and university students are thought to be particularly susceptible to IP. This study investigated the relationship between IP and self-efficacy, maladaptive perfectionism and happiness in university students, and examined whether these variables differ between females and males. The study also examined whether IP was associated with belonging and perceived levels of academic competition. Participants (N = 261) completed the Clance Imposter Phenomenon Scale (CIPS), New General Self-Efficacy (NGSE), Big Three Perfectionism Scale – Short Form (BTPS-SF), Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ), plus measures of belonging and perceived competition. As predicted, CIPS scores correlated negatively with NGSE and OHQ and positively with BTPS-SF in both sexes. Females scored higher, on average, than males on CIPS and BTPS-SF, and the gender difference in CIPS remained after indirect effects of perfectionism were removed. Neither belonging nor competition correlated with CIPS scores. The negative relationship between perfectionism and happiness was fully mediated by imposterism, which suggests that designing interventions that reduce IP could positively enhance student wellbeing.
Development of a character-strengths based coaching program for rural community health workers to address their work stress in Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Khan Azaz , Sharma Lochan , Agrawal Surbhi , Nayak Sneha Rani , Shrivastava Ritu , Ahuja Romi , Pandit Payal , Singh Abhishek , Singh Spriha , Naslund John A. , Agrawal Jyotsna , Mehrotra Seema , Shidhaye Rahul , Hollon Steve D. , Kumar Ananth , Tugnawat Deepak , Bhan Anant , Bondre Ameya P. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWhile rural ‘Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs)’ delivering primary care at the village-level in India experience high levels of work stress and burnout, little is known about the potential of positive psychology interventions in helping them respond to stressful situations. We aim to describe a systematic approach to designing and developing a ‘character-strengths based’ coaching program for rural ASHAs to help reduce their work-stress and improve their delivery of routine primary care. The development of the coaching program involved: (1) formative work, (2) blueprint development, (3) content development, (4) content-testing, and focus groups discussions to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention, specifically the coaching workshop. This was followed by thematic qualitative analysis of ASHA perspectives/feedback to inform further modifications to the workshop. Intervention development occurred over 11 months, and the final coaching material consisted of a ‘content manual’ (for ASHAs) with four modules including character-strengths based ‘strategies’ to address challenges/stressors arising at health facilities, village communities and homes. Coaching material also included a workshop ‘facilitator’s manual’ having session-wise detailed instructions, a list of ‘energizers’ and plans for the coaching workshop. Consistent efforts were made to tailor the case-examples and workshop activities (e.g., roleplays, videos and reflections or discussion-based activities) to the local culture and context. This study illustrates a step-wise approach to contextually adapt the evidence-based character-strengths intervention approaches with iterative feedback from stakeholders (ASHAs), to develop a face-to-face coaching program aiming to reduce work stress, tailored to the context of a rural low-resource setting.
Reshaping Egyptian funerary ritual in colonized Nubia? Organic characterization of unguents from mortuary contexts of the New Kingdom (c. 1550–1070 BCE)
Authors: Lemos Rennan , Fulcher Kate , Abdllatief Ikhlas , Werkström Ludmila , Hocker Emma 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Samples taken from the canopic jars of Djehutyhotep, chief of Tehkhet (Debeira), Lower Nubia, and local versions of Egyptian canopic jars from Sai, Upper Nubia, suggest that the materials used for mortuary ritual unguents in Nubia may have differed from those used in Egypt. Nubian samples consisted of plant gum and bitumen, whereas those from Egypt conformed to the standardizing black resinous liquid recipe used for mummification and other funerary rituals. However, there may be time frame issues to be considered as most samples analyzed from Egypt date to later periods. A standard black funerary liquid was used at Amara West, Upper Nubia, probably poured over a wrapped body, which might suggest that the gum and bitumen mixture was reserved for filling canopic jars, perhaps indicating that the use of canopic jars in Nubia differed from their use in Egypt. Evidence from the canopic jars of Djehutyhotep, local versions of canopic jars from Sai, and the sample from Amara West also indicate a source of bitumen that was not the Dead Sea, which was the main (although not only) source used in Egypt. The new results from the analysis of the Djehutyhotep canopic jars and previously published results from Sai point towards alternative ritual practices associated with local conceptions and uses of canopic jars in colonized Nubia. These samples and data from Amara West further reveal that the bitumen used in mortuary contexts in Nubia originated elsewhere than bitumen used in Egypt, which might have implications for our understanding of colonized Nubia as part of other trade networks independently from Egypt.
Necrosis score as a prognostic factor in stage I–III colorectal cancer: a retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Ye Huifen , Wang Yiting , Yao Su , Liu Zaiyi , Liang Changhong , Zhu Yaxi , Cui Yanfen , Zhao Ke 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Tumor necrosis results from failure to meet the requirement for rapid proliferation of tumor, related to unfavorable prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, previous studies used traditional microscopes to evaluate necrosis on slides, lacking a simultaneous phase and panoramic view for assessment. Therefore, we proposed a whole-slide images (WSIs)-based method to develop a necrosis score and validated its prognostic value in multicenter cohorts.

Methods
Necrosis score was defined as the proportion of necrosis in the tumor area, semi-quantitatively classified into 3-level score groups by the cut-off of 10% and 30% on HE-stained WSIs. 768 patients from two centers were enrolled in this study, divided into a discovery (N = 445) and a validation (N = 323) cohort. The prognostic value of necrosis score was evaluated by Kaplan–Meier curves and the Cox model.

Result
Necrosis score was associated with overall survival, with hazard ratio for high vs. low in discovery and validation cohorts being 2.62 (95% confidence interval 1.59–4.32) and 2.51 (1.39–4.52), respectively. The 3-year disease free survival rates of necrosis-low, middle, and high were 83.6%, 80.2%, and 59.8% in discovery cohort, and 86.5%, 84.2%, and 66.5% in validation cohort. In necrosis middle plus high subgroup, there was a trend but no significant difference in overall survival between surgery alone and adjuvant chemotherapy group in stage II CRC (P = .075).

Conclusion
As a stable prognostic factor, high-level necrosis evaluated by the proposed method on WSIs was associated with unfavorable outcomes. Additionally, adjuvant chemotherapy provide survival benefits for patients with high necrosis in stage II CRC.
A novel PD-1/PD-L1 pathway molecular typing-related signature for predicting prognosis and the tumor microenvironment in breast cancer
Authors: Man Yuxin , Dai Chao , Guo Qian , Jiang Lingxi , Shi Yi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Currently, the development of breast cancer immunotherapy based on the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is relatively slow, and the specific mechanism affecting the immunotherapy efficacy in breast cancer is still unclear.

Methods
Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) and the negative matrix factorization (NMF) were used to distinguish subtypes related to the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in breast cancer. Then univariate Cox, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), and multivariate Cox regression were used to construct the prognostic signature. A nomogram was established based on the signature. The relationship between the signature gene IFNG and breast cancer tumor microenvironment was analyzed.

Results
Four PD-1/PD-L1 pathway-related subtypes were distinguished. A prognostic signature related to PD-1/PD-L1 pathway typing was constructed to evaluate breast cancer’s clinical characteristics and tumor microenvironment. The nomogram based on the RiskScore could be used to accurately predict breast cancer patients’ 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival probability. The expression of IFNG was positively correlated with CD8+ T cell infiltration in the breast cancer tumor microenvironment.

Conclusion
A prognostic signature is constructed based on the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway typing in breast cancer, which can guide the precise treatment of breast cancer. The signature gene IFNG is positively related to CD8+ T cell infiltration in breast cancer.
Radiomics analysis of bone marrow biopsy locations in [18F]FDG PET/CT images for measurable residual disease assessment in multiple myeloma
Authors: Milara Eva , Alonso Rafael , Masseing Lena , Seiffert Alexander P. , Gómez-Grande Adolfo , Gómez Enrique J. , Martínez-López Joaquín , Sánchez-González Patricia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe combination of visual assessment of whole body [18F]FDG PET images and evaluation of bone marrow samples by Multiparameter Flow Cytometry (MFC) or Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) is currently the most common clinical practice for the detection of Measurable Residual Disease (MRD) in Multiple Myeloma (MM) patients. In this study, radiomic features extracted from the bone marrow biopsy locations are analyzed and compared to those extracted from the whole bone marrow in order to study the representativeness of these biopsy locations in the image-based MRD assessment. Whole body [18F]FDG PET of 39 patients with newly diagnosed MM were included in the database, and visually evaluated by experts in nuclear medicine. A methodology for the segmentation of biopsy sites from PET images, including sternum and posterior iliac crest, and their subsequent quantification is proposed. First, starting from the bone marrow segmentation, a segmentation of the biopsy sites is performed. Then, segmentations are quantified extracting SUV metrics and radiomic features from the [18F]FDG PET images and are evaluated by Mann–Whitney U-tests as valuable features differentiating PET+/PET− and MFC+ /MFC− groups. Moreover, correlation between whole bone marrow and biopsy sites is studied by Spearman ρ rank. Classification performance of the radiomics features is evaluated applying seven machine learning algorithms. Statistical analyses reveal that some images features are significant in PET+/PET− differentiation, such as SUVmax, Gray Level Non-Uniformity or Entropy, especially with a balanced database where 16 of the features show a p value < 0.001. Correlation analyses between whole bone marrow and biopsy sites results in significant and acceptable coefficients, with 11 of the variables reaching a correlation coefficient greater than 0.7, with a maximum of 0.853. Machine learning algorithms demonstrate high performances in PET+/PET− classification reaching a maximum AUC of 0.974, but not for MFC+/MFC− classification. The results demonstrate the representativeness of sample sites as well as the effectiveness of extracted features (SUV metrics and radiomic features) from the [18F]FDG PET images in MRD assessment in MM patients.
Every branch in its niche: intraspecific variation in habitat suitability of a widely distributed small mammal, the harvest mouse Micromys minutus
Authors: Ancillotto Leonardo , Viviano Andrea , Baratti Mariella , Sogliani Davide , Ladurner Eva , Mori Emiliano 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Climate and land use changes re-shape the distribution of species around the world, so understanding biogeographical patterns is key to protect and manage wildlife, particularly in the case of threatened or declining species. Species with wide ranges are usually considered as common, yet the occurrence of intraspecific variability and adaptation to local conditions may pose serious challenges to their conservation. In this paper, we selected the harvest mouse Micromys minutus as a model species to assess the role of intraspecific genetic variability in shaping the environmental preferences and distribution of a widely distributed mammal across Europe. By applying an integrative approach combining species distribution modelling and phylogenetic reconstruction, we assessed the clade-specific habitat suitability of all mitochondrial clades of the species occurring in Europe, unveiling distinct bioclimatic niches. Most of Central Europe results as suitable to M. minutus, whereas different clades showed distinct distributions of suitable areas across Europe, with limited overlap. We then combined mitochondrial analyses with clade-specific suitability maps to determine the geographic delimitations of Italian and central European clades. We showed that individuals from the northernmost Italian regions actually belong to the central European clade, consistent with the biogeographical patterns of other small mammals, and indicating potential past dispersal between the Italian Peninsula and Central Europe, or human-assisted translocations. Our results highlight the importance of intraspecific variability in shaping biogeographical patterns of widely distributed species, also representing a reproducible exercise to understand their environmental preferences and eventually fostering their conservation.
Gurariĭ operators are generic
Authors: Banakh Taras , Garbulińska-Wȩgrzyn Joanna 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAnswering a question of Garbulińska-Wȩgrzyn and Kubiś, we prove that Gurariĭ operators form a dense $$G_\delta $$

G
δ

-set in the space $$\mathcal B(\mathbb G)$$

B
(
G
)

of all nonexpansive operators on the Gurariĭ space $$\mathbb G$$
G
, endowed with the strong operator topology. This implies that universal operators on $$\mathbb G$$
G
form a residual set in $$\mathcal B(\mathbb G)$$

B
(
G
)

.
Antibiotic Use Among Hospitalized Patients in Africa: A Systematic Review of Point Prevalence Studies
Authors: Abubakar Usman , Salman Muhammad 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
There is paucity of data describing the rate and quality indices of antibiotics used among hospitalized patients at continental level in Africa. This systematic review evaluated the pooled prevalence, indications, and types of antibiotics used in hospitals across Africa.

Methods
Three electronic databases, PubMed, Scopus, and African Journals Online (AJOL), were searched using search terms. Point prevalence studies of antibiotic use in inpatient settings published in English language from January 2010 to November 2022 were considered for selection. Additional articles were identified by checking the reference list of selected articles.

Results
Of the 7254 articles identified from the databases, 28 eligible articles involving 28 studies were selected. Most of the studies were from Nigeria (n = 9), Ghana (n = 6), and Kenya (n = 4). Overall, the prevalence of antibiotic use among hospitalized patients ranged from 27.6 to 83.5% with higher prevalence in West Africa (51.4–83.5%) and North Africa (79.1%) compared to East Africa (27.6–73.7%) and South Africa (33.6–49.7%). The ICU (64.4–100%; n = 9 studies) and the pediatric medical ward (10.6–94.6%; n = 13 studies) had the highest prevalence of antibiotic use. Community-acquired infections (27.7–61.0%; n = 19 studies) and surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) (14.6–45.3%; n = 17 studies) were the most common indications for antibiotic use. The duration of SAP was more than 1 day in 66.7 to 100% of the cases. The most commonly prescribed antibiotics included ceftriaxone (7.4–51.7%; n = 14 studies), metronidazole (14.6–44.8%; n = 12 studies), gentamicin (n = 8 studies; range: 6.6–22.3%), and ampicillin (n = 6 studies; range: 6.0–29.2%). The access, watch, and reserved group of antibiotics accounted for 46.3–97.9%, 1.8–53.5%, and 0.0–5.0% of antibiotic prescriptions, respectively. The documentation of the reason for antibiotic prescription and date for stop/review ranged from 37.3 to 100% and 19.6 to 100%, respectively.

Conclusion
The point prevalence of antibiotic use among hospitalized patients in Africa is relatively high and varied between the regions in the continent. The prevalence was higher in the ICU and pediatric medical ward compared to the other wards. Antibiotics were most commonly prescribed for community-acquired infections and for SAP with ceftriaxone, metronidazole, and gentamicin being the most common antibiotics prescribed. Antibiotic stewardship is recommended to address excessive use of SAP and to reduce high rate of antibiotic prescribing in the ICU and pediatric ward.
Biologically Inspired Girder Structure for the Synchrotron Radiation Facility PETRA IV
Authors: Andresen Simone , Meyners Norbert , Thoden Daniel , Körfer Markus , Hamm Christian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLightweight structures are widely used across different industry sectors. However, they get easily excited by external influences, such as vibrations. Undesired high vibration amplitudes can be avoided by shifting the structural eigenfrequencies, which can be achieved adapting the structural design considering optimisation procedures and structures primarily inspired by diatoms. This procedures has been applied to the development process of a girder structure installed in a synchrotron radiation facility to support heavy magnets and other components. The objective was to design a 2.9 m long girder structure with high eigenfrequencies, a high stiffness and a low mass. Based on a topology optimisation result, a parametric beam–shell model including biologically inspired structures (e.g., Voronoi combs, ribs, and soft and organic-looking transitions) was built up. The subsequent cross-sectional optimisation using evolutionary strategic optimisation revealed an optimum girder structure, which was successfully manufactured using the casting technology. Eigenfrequency measurements validated the numerical models. Future changes in the specifications can be implemented in the bio-inspired development process to obtain adapted girder structures.
Changes in growth, ammonium assimilation and amino acid levels in leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana under cadmium treatment
Authors: Dguimi Houda Maaroufi , Alzahrani Fatima Omari 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCadmium is the most harmful soil pollutant due to its long biological half-life. In the present study, the effect of Cd on ammonium assimilation in Arabidopsis thaliana wild-type Col0 was investigated. Thirty-day-old Arabidopsis seedlings were exposed to 20 µM CdCl2 during different exposure times (0, 1, 2, 3, and 7 days). Seedling growth decreased under Cd stress mainly after 7 days of Cd exposure. Cd stress caused a gradual decrease in soluble leaf protein and induced an increase in leaf ammonium and the content of free amino acids such as glutamine (Gln), glutamate (Glu), asparagine (Asn), and proline (Pro), which may be related to the increase in protease activity. The results showed that the activities of Glutamine Synthetase (GS) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) were inversely related. Cd stress led to an increase in GDH activity, whereas GS activity decreased. GDH activity on polyacrylamide gels showed that Cd induced both β- and α-enriched isoforms. Therefore, this study confirms that the ammonium assimilation process plays an important role for plants in adapting to Cd stress.
Research on Public Opinion Propagation of Emergency Reversal Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Wu Xianwen , Liu Zixuan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAs an empirical case, this study takes 30 sudden reversal events as examples, combined with the theory of actor network, and explores the four influencing factors of public opinion subjects-netizens and opinion leaders, public opinion objects-events, public opinion carriers-media, and public opinion guides-government in public opinion. The complex combinatorial effects arise during the reversal process. This study verifies the combination of three parallel and equivalent driving paths that lead to the multi-center reversal of public opinion, the opinion leader–media dual-driven path, the opinion leader–media–government multi-driven path, and the media–government dual-driven path. It is concluded that the public should improve their media literacy and maintain a rational return; the media, as “gatekeepers”, need to improve their own awareness and build an objective issue framework; the government needs to establish active communication awareness, and supervision and guidance should go hand in hand.