bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Possible link between temperatures in the seashore and open ocean waters of Peru identified by using new seashore water data
Authors: Masuda Shuhei , Kobayashi Masato , Icochea Salas Luis Alfredo , Rosales Quintana Gandy Maria 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe linkage between environmental conditions in the coastal ocean and the open sea varies greatly by region. It is important to clarify, on an area-by-area basis, what coastal monitoring information reveals about the open ocean and how much predictive information for the open ocean may be applicable to the coastal ocean. The Pacific Ocean off the coast of Peru is a monitoring area for the El Niño/La Niña, an oceanic–atmospheric phenomenon of global importance. However, there are not many reliable data along the Peruvian coast. We deployed a network of 6 logger sites along the Peruvian coast during 2017–2020 and compiled a useful, high-resolution dataset of water temperatures. We examined a possible link between temperatures in the coastal waters of Peru and the open sea by comparing the new dataset with historical temperatures in the open ocean. We confirmed that monthly mean anomalies of seashore water temperatures in coastal Peru were strongly correlated with those of open ocean sea surface temperatures. With one exception, the correlation coefficients ranged from 0.80 to 0.92 and were significant at p < 0.01. This result suggested that data obtained from monitoring along the Pacific coast of Peru could be used to indicate the state of the open ocean and that El Niño forecasts for the open ocean could be applied to coastal forecasting as well. Spectral analysis revealed that the periods of changes of seashore water temperature peaked at 80 and 120 days in the region north of 5° S. This result suggested that coastal monitoring might capture intraseasonal dynamics of equatorial Kelvin waves. The absence of clear peaks south of 5° S implied that equatorial wave energy did not penetrate far into off-equatorial regions along the Peruvian coast on intraseasonal timescales.
Effects of rearing mode on gastro-intestinal microbiota and development, immunocompetence, sanitary status and growth performance of lambs from birth to two months of age
Authors: Dunière Lysiane , Ruiz Philippe , Lebbaoui Yacine , Guillot Laurie , Bernard Mickael , Forano Evelyne , Chaucheyras-Durand Frédérique 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Artificial rearing system, commonly used in prolific sheep breeds, is associated to increased mortality and morbidity rates before weaning, which might be linked to perturbations in digestive tract maturation, including microbiota colonization. This study evaluated the effect of rearing mode (mothered or artificially reared) on the establishment of the rumen and intestinal microbiome of lambs from birth to weaning. We also measured immunological and zootechnical parameters to assess lambs’ growth and health. GIT anatomy as well as rumen and intestinal epithelium gene expression were also analysed on weaned animals to assess possible long-term effects of the rearing practice.

Results
Total VFA concentrations were higher in mothered lambs at 2 months of age, while artificially-reared lambs had lower average daily gain, a more degraded sanitary status and lower serum IgG concentration in the early growth phase. Metataxonomic analysis revealed higher richness of bacterial and eukaryote populations in mothered vs. artificially-reared lambs in both Rumen and Feces. Beta diversity analysis indicated an evolution of rumen and fecal bacterial communities in mothered lambs with age, not observed in artificially-reared lambs. Important functional microorganisms such as the cellulolytic bacterium Fibrobacter succinogenes and rumen protozoa did not establish correctly before weaning in artificially-reared lambs. Enterobacteriaceae and Escherichia coli were dominant in the fecal microbiota of mothered lambs, but main E. coli virulence genes were not found differential between the two groups, suggesting they are commensal bacteria which could exert a protective effect against pathogens. The fecal microbiota of artificially-reared lambs had a high proportion of lactic acid bacteria taxa. No difference was observed in mucosa gene expression in the two lamb groups after weaning.

Conclusions
The rearing mode influences gastrointestinal microbiota and health-associated parameters in offspring in early life: rumen maturation was impaired in artificially-reared lambs which also presented altered sanitary status and higher risk of gut dysbiosis. The first month of age is thus a critical period where the gastrointestinal tract environment and microbiota are particularly unstable and special care should be taken in the management of artificially fed newborn ruminants.
Recent progress in the role of grain boundaries in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides studied using scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy
Authors: Kim Hyo Won 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGrain boundaries (GBs) are one- or two-dimensional (2D) defects, which are universal in crystals and play a crucial role in determining their mechanical, electrical, optical, and thermoelectric properties. In general, GBs tend to decrease electrical or thermal conductivity, and consequently degrade the performance of devices. However, the unusual characteristics of GBs have led to the production of a new class of memristors with 2D semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and the creation of conducting channels in 2D topological insulators. Therefore, understanding the nature of GBs and their influence on device applications emphasizes the importance of GB engineering for future 2D TMD-based devices. This review discusses recent progress made in the investigation of various roles of GBs in 2D TMDs characterized via scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy.
Developing and testing a clinical care bundle incorporating caffeine citrate to manage apnoea of prematurity in a resource-constrained setting: a mixed methods clinical feasibility study protocol
Authors: Irimu Grace , Okwaro Ferdinand , Coleman Jesse , Waiyego Mary , Murila Florence , Chomba Dorothy , Parsimei Millicent , Shitote Cynthia , Ochieng Roseline , Shah Jasmit , Ogero Morris , Ginsburg Amy Sarah , Ansermino J. Mark , Macharia William 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Apnoea of prematurity (AOP) is a common condition among preterm infants. Methylxanthines, such as caffeine and aminophylline/theophylline, can help prevent and treat AOP. Due to its physiological benefits and fewer side effects, caffeine citrate is recommended for the prevention and treatment of AOP. However, caffeine citrate is not available in most resource-constrained settings (RCS) due to its high cost. Challenges in RCS using caffeine citrate to prevent AOP include identifying eligible preterm infants where gestational age is not always known and the capability for continuous monitoring of vital signs to readily identify apnoea. We aim to develop an evidence-based care bundle that includes caffeine citrate to prevent and manage AOP in tertiary healthcare facilities in Kenya.

Methods
This protocol details a prospective mixed-methods clinical feasibility study on using caffeine citrate to manage apnoea of prematurity in a single facility tertiary-care newborn unit (NBU) in Nairobi, Kenya. This study will include a 4-month formative research phase followed by the development of an AOP clinical-care-bundle prototype over 2 months. In the subsequent 4 months, implementation and improvement of the clinical-care-bundle prototype will be undertaken. The baseline data will provide contextualised insights on care practices within the NBU that will inform the development of a context-sensitive AOP clinical-care-bundle prototype. The clinical care bundle will be tested and refined further during an implementation phase of the quality improvement initiative using a PDSA framework underpinned by quantitative and qualitative clinical audits and stakeholders’ engagement.
The quantitative component will include all neonates born at gestation age < 34 weeks and any neonate prescribed aminophylline or caffeine citrate admitted to the NBU during the study period.

Discussion
There is a need to develop evidence-based and context-sensitive clinical practice guidelines to standardise and improve the management of AOP in RCS. Concerns requiring resolution in implementing such guidelines include diagnosis of apnoea, optimal timing, dosing and administration of caffeine citrate, standardisation of monitoring devices and alarm limits, and discharge protocols. We aim to provide a feasible standardised clinical care bundle for managing AOP in low and middle-income settings.
Primary localized ileal amyloidosis with chronic ileitis: a case report with review of literature
Authors: Ghoname Mahmod , Abosheaishaa Hazem , Shehata Mostafa , Abdelwahed Mohammed , Soliman Moataz Yousry 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAmyloidosis is a rare condition where fibrillar proteins and abnormal, soluble peptides accumulate throughout the body’s organs. Gastrointestinal symptoms secondary to amyloid deposition vary widely and may be confused with other common small intestine diseases, making the diagnosis challenging. Our case is a 63-year-old male with a past medical history of smoking who showed up in the ED with 5 months of diffuse abdominal pain referred to the back. Pelvis-abdominal ultrasound showed bilateral acute pyelonephritis. A colonoscopy revealed large multiple ileal ulcers about 10 cm from the ileocecal valve with a wide base. Pathology biopsies revealed ileal amyloidosis and chronic ileitis with superficial erosions. The patient has been diagnosed with primary localized ileal AL amyloidosis. The patient has finally been referred for surgical resection. We want to raise awareness of ileal amyloidosis and emphasize the importance of considering uncommon etiologies of small intestine pathology in patients presenting with chronic diarrhea, malabsorption, abdominal pain, and weight loss. Finally, patients with small intestine amyloid disease progressing rapidly and failing to respond to non-surgical treatment should be considered for surgical resection.
A systematic review of the venous thromboembolism prevalence and related risk factors in patients with Covid-19
Authors: Sobhiyeh Mohammad Reza , Salimi Yahya , Tardeh Zeinab 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The present study was performed to evaluate the pooled prevalence of the venous thromboembolism (VTE) and the factors affecting its incidence in patients who are affected with coronavirus disease (Covid-19).

Patients and methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out by searching all the authentic online databases. The study includes papers worldwide since 2019 to 2022. After assessing related articles, the required information was collected based on a prepared checklist and analyzed by STATA software.

Result
According to the estimates, pooled prevalence of VTE among patients with Covid-19 was 0.17 (95% CI = 0.13–0.22, P = 0.000). Analysis of prevalence values of VTE in patients with Covid-19 based on geographical areas showed statistically significant differences emerged from the study results. Analyses showed that stroke is a significant risk factor.

Discussion
The present study showed a relatively high prevalence of VTE in patients infected with coronavirus. Results of study showed that prevalence of VTE is significantly differ according to geographical areas; it can be concluded that racial differences and genetic factors can affect the VTE incidence in Covid-19-affected patients. Additionally, a history of stroke and cerebrovascular events can be a risk factor indicating the need for prophylactic anticoagulant treatment in these patients, but history of respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, liver disease, malignancy, and smoking is not risk factors of VTE in patients affected with Covid-19.
Exploring teleaudiology adoption, perceptions and challenges among audiologists before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Chong-White Nicky , Incerti Paola , Poulos Marisa , Tagudin Joseph 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic and its associated lockdowns accelerated the uptake of remote services, however, the integration of teleaudiology into regular clinical practice has been slow, with audiologists reporting several barriers and mixed attitudes. To develop effective strategies and solutions to enhance teleaudiology services and facilitate their acceptance beyond the pandemic, a better understanding of the factors influencing audiologist’s attitudes and usage is needed.
The purpose of this study was to explore the attitudes towards and usage of teleaudiology by audiologists prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
We aimed to uncover underlying factors influencing teleaudiology adoption to identify potential barriers and opportunities that could inform interventions and future developments.

Method and results
Two cross-sectional surveys were administered to audiologists between September and October in 2018 and 2021. Questions addressed issues regarding quality of care, satisfaction, and perceived benefits of teleaudiology. Survey items based on the COM-B behaviour model were also included in the 2021 survey. Data were analysed using descriptive and non-parametric statistics.
Eighty audiologists completed the 2018 survey and 105 audiologists completed the 2021 survey. In 2021, teleaudiology users reported increased quality of care, quality of relationships with clients and client satisfaction compared to non-users. However, among teleaudiology users, there was a decrease in quality of care, relationships with new clients and job satisfaction in 2021 compared to 2018. The COM-B framework helped identify the major barriers for non-users of teleaudiology such as lack of training, unclear guidelines, and concerns about service quality.

Conclusion
The attitudes towards teleaudiology for clinicians before and during the COVID-19 pandemic were investigated, revealing a substantial increase in usage and varying effects on client satisfaction, clinician job satisfaction and service quality. Key potential barriers and factors influencing usage were identified. Targeted solutions may include providing training, scheduling regular teleaudiology appointments to build confidence, and developing reliable tools and technologies to improve remote hearing care.
Comparison of outcomes for patients with and without a serious mental illness presenting to hospital for chronic obstruction pulmonary disease: retrospective observational study using administrative data
Authors: Goldman Sara , Saoulidi Anastasia , Kalidindi Sridevi , Kravariti Eugenia , Gaughran Fiona , Briggs Tim W. R. , Gray William K. 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundThere are few data on the profile of those with serious mental illness (SMI) admitted to hospital for physical health reasons.AimsTo compare outcomes for patients with and without an SMI admitted to hospital in England where the primary reason for admission was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).MethodThis was a retrospective, observational analysis of the English Hospital Episodes Statistics data-set for the period from 1 April 2018 to 31 March 2019, for patients aged 18–74 years with COPD as the dominant reason for admission. Patient with an SMI (psychosis spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder) were identified.ResultsData were available for 54 578 patients, of whom 2096 (3.8%) had an SMI. Patients with an SMI were younger, more likely to be female and more likely to live in deprived areas than those without an SMI. The burden of comorbidity was similar between the two groups. After adjusting for covariates, SMI was associated with significantly greater risk of length of stay than the median (odds ratio 1.24, 95% CI 1.12–1.37,P≤ 0.001) and with 30-day emergency readmission (odds ratio 1.51, 95% confidence interval 1.34–1.69,P≤ 0.001) but not with in-hospital mortality.ConclusionClinicians should be aware of the potential for poorer outcomes in patients with an SMI even when the SMI is not the primary reason for admission. Collaborative working across mental and physical healthcare provision may facilitate improved outcomes for people with SMI.
Empowerment group therapy for refugees with affective disorders: results of a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wiechers Maren , Strupf Michael , Bajbouj Malek , Böge Kerem , Karnouk Carine , Goerigk Stephan , Kamp-Becker Inge , Banaschewski Tobias , Rapp Michael , Hasan Alkomiet , Falkai Peter , Jobst-Heel Andrea , Habel Ute , Stamm Thomas , Heinz Andreas , Hoell Andreas , Burger Max , Bunse Tilmann , Hoehne Edgar , Mehran Nassim , Kaiser Franziska , Hahn Eric , Plener Paul , Übleis Aline , Padberg Frank 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Against the background of missing culturally sensitive mental health care services for refugees, we developed a group intervention (Empowerment) for refugees at level 3 within the stratified Stepped and Collaborative Care Model of the project Mental Health in Refugees and Asylum Seekers (MEHIRA). We aim to evaluate the effectiveness of the Empowerment group intervention with its focus on psychoeducation, stress management, and emotion regulation strategies in a culturally sensitive context for refugees with affective disorders compared to treatment-as-usual (TAU).

Method
At level 3 of the MEHIRA project, 149 refugees and asylum seekers with clinically relevant depressive symptoms were randomized to the Empowerment group intervention or TAU. Treatment comprised 16 therapy sessions conducted over 12 weeks. Effects were measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MÅDRS). Further scales included assessed emotional distress, self-efficacy, resilience, and quality of life.

Results
Intention-to-treat analyses show significant cross-level interactions on both self-rated depressive symptoms (PHQ-9; F(1,147) = 13.32, p < 0.001) and clinician-rated depressive symptoms (MÅDRS; F(1,147) = 6.91, p = 0.01), indicating an improvement in depressive symptoms from baseline to post-intervention in the treatment group compared to the control group. The effect sizes for both scales were moderate (d = 0.68, 95% CI 0.21–1.15 for PHQ-9 and d = 0.51, 95% CI 0.04–0.99 for MÅDRS).

Conclusion
In the MEHIRA project comparing an SCCM approach versus TAU, the Empowerment group intervention at level 3 showed effectiveness for refugees with moderately severe depressive symptoms.
Effect of an educational intervention on knowledge of human papillomavirus infection among university students in Turkey: A quasi-experimental study
Authors: Dasikan Zeynep , Ünsal Atan Şenay , Erdoğan Meryem , Kıratlı Didem , Yeyğel Çiler , Elmas Semra 
Published: July 2023

Aim: This study aimed to determine the knowledge level of university students outside the health field on human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and evaluate the efficacy of educational interventions provided on HPV infection.
Method and Material: This was a quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test design. This study was conducted on undergraduate students outside the health field at a public university in Izmir. HPV education was provided to the students in classes with a PowerPoint presentation, and the “Fall in Love, Not in HPV” brochure was distributed.
Results: Of 873 students participating in the pretest, 48.7% and 42.5% heard of HPV infection and vaccine, respectively. While the response rates of the students participating in the pretest of the 16-question HPV knowledge survey ranged from 13.9% to 58.8%, a significant (51.4%–91.6%) increase was observed in the percentage of answers to the posttest HPV questions after the educational intervention (p < 0.001). The total HPV knowledge score was 5.17±4.33in the pre-test, and the post-test was 13.37±2.66 (p<0.001). The biggest barriers to those who did not want to be vaccinated were the cost of the vaccine and the lack of information about HPV infection.
Conclusion: The educational intervention has greatly increased the knowledge of HPV infection among university students. Continuing education programs are needed to bridge the knowledge gap on HPV infection and HPV-related diseases among young adults.
Obstacles for self-management practices among diabetes patients: A facility-based study from Coastal South India.
Authors: T Rekha , R Murali Mohan , Kumar Nithin , Hegde Kausthubh , Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran , Mithra Prasanna , Holla Ramesh , Suma Balanarayana , Rao Aadithya M , Nikitha Patil , Sahama M Aysha Roushida 
Published: July 2023

Background The purpose of the study was to assess the obstacles faced by diabetes patients in their self-care and determine the factors associated with these obstacles. The management of diabetes mellitus (DM) extends beyond the clinician’s efforts, with the responsibility of the care also being shared by the patient to achieve better treatment outcomes and prevent complications. Self-care management is the most important part of DM treatment, which includes diet, regular exercise, blood glucose monitoring, medication and foot care. Methods A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 107 type 2 DM patients aged >18 years using the Diabetes Obstacles Questionnaire-30. Patients scoring a mean response score >3 were considered to have an obstacle. We included age, gender, socioeconomic status (SES), duration of DM and blood glucose levels as factors for regression analysis and a P value <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results A large majority (64.5%, n = 69) of our participants were aged above 55 years and belonged to lower socio-economic status (65.4%, n = 70). Family history of DM was present in 41% (n=44) of the participants. The median duration of DM among the participant was 10 (4 – 7) years. In our study, the participants faced obstacles for two items in the domains: Support from Friends & Family (mean score: 3.73) and Knowledge of the Disease (mean score: 3.58). A multinominal regression analysis revealed SES was predictive of participants who could not understand information from literature with a P. value of 0.002 (OR: 3.65, CI: 1.60-8.338). Conclusion The two major obstacles to self-management practices that were identified were in the domains of Support from Friends and Family, and Knowledge of the Disease. Socioeconomic status was identified to be a predictive factor associated with the participants who are not able to understand information from the literature.