bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The EDGE-CALIFA Survey: Spatially Resolved 13CO(1–0) Observations and Variations in 12CO(1–0)/13CO(1–0) in Nearby Galaxies on Kiloparsec Scales
Authors: Cao Yixian , Wong Tony , Bolatto Alberto D. , Leroy Adam K. , Rosolowsky Erik , Utomo Dyas , Sánchez Sebastián F. , Barrera-Ballesteros Jorge K. , Levy Rebecca C. , Colombo Dario , Blitz Leo , Vogel Stuart N. , Puschnig Johannes , Villanueva Vicente , Rubio Monica 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We present 13CO(J = 1 → 0) observations for the EDGE-CALIFA survey, which is a mapping survey of 126 nearby galaxies at a typical spatial resolution of 1.5 kpc. Using detected 12CO emission as a prior, we detect 13CO in 41 galaxies via integrated line flux over the entire galaxy and in 30 galaxies via integrated line intensity in resolved synthesized beams. Incorporating our CO observations and optical IFU spectroscopy, we perform a systematic comparison between the line ratio



12

/

13

≡
I

[

12

CO
(
J
=
1
→
0
)
]

/

I

[

13

CO
(
J
=
1
→
0
)
]

and the properties of the stars and ionized gas. Higher



12

/

13

values are found in interacting galaxies compared to those in noninteracting galaxies. The global



12

/

13

slightly increases with infrared color F
60/F
100 but appears insensitive to other host-galaxy properties such as morphology, stellar mass, or galaxy size. We also present azimuthally averaged



12

/

13

profiles for our sample up to a galactocentric radius of 0.4r
25 (∼6 kpc), taking into account the 13CO nondetections by spectral stacking. The radial profiles of



12

/

13

are quite flat across our sample. Within galactocentric distances of 0.2r
25, the azimuthally averaged



12

/

13

increases with the star formation rate. However, Spearman rank correlation tests show the azimuthally averaged



12

/

13

does not strongly correlate with any other gas or stellar properties in general, especially beyond 0.2r
25 from the galaxy centers. Our findings suggest that in the complex environments in galaxy disks,



12

/

13

is not a sensitive tracer for ISM properties. Dynamical disturbances, like galaxy interactions or the presence of a bar, also have an overall impact on



12

/

13

, which further complicates the interpretations of



12

/

13

variations.
Analytic Understanding of the Resonant Nature of Kozai–Lidov Cycles with a Precessing Quadrupole Potential
Authors: Klein Ygal Y. , Katz Boaz 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The very long-term evolution of the hierarchical restricted three-body problem with a slightly aligned precessing quadrupole potential is studied analytically. This problem describes the evolution of a star and a planet that are perturbed either by a (circular and not too inclined) binary star system or by one other star and a second more distant star, as well as a perturbation by one distant star and the host galaxy or a compact-object binary system orbiting a massive black hole in nonspherical nuclear star clusters. Previous numerical experiments have shown that when the precession frequency is comparable to the Kozai–Lidov timescale, long-term evolution emerges that involves extremely high eccentricities with potential applications for a broad scope of astrophysical phenomena, including systems with merging black holes, neutron stars, or white dwarfs. By averaging the secular equations of motion over the Kozai–Lidov cycles (KLCs), we solve the problem analytically in the neighborhood of the KLC fixed point where the eccentricity vector is close to unity and aligned with the quadrupole axis and for a precession rate similar to the Kozai–Lidov timescale. In this regime the dynamics is dominated by a resonance between the perturbation frequency and the precession frequency of the eccentricity vector. While the quantitative evolution of the system is not reproduced by the solution far away from this fixed point, it sheds light on the qualitative behavior.
Planetary Knowledge Base: Semantic Transcription Using Graph Neural Networks
Authors: Gu Qianqian , Scott Ben , Smith Vincent 
Published: August 2023

The Natural History Museum, London (NHM), in collaboration with Amazon Web Services (AWS), has embarked on a project to build the Planetary Knowledge Base (PKB), a comprehensive graph network comprising data on all specimens, collectors, and localities. In the initial prototype, we have concentrated on botanical specimens, using all plant taxa and specimens within the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), combined with geographic data from GeoNames and biographic data from WikiData, Bionomia, Harvard Index of Botany, TL2, and Tropicos. Development of the PKB is a huge undertaking—our first proof of concept has more than 100 million nodes.
The primary application of this knowledge graph (KG) is powering the automated transcription of specimen labels. Using Graph Convolutional Neural Networks, textual information from labels can be aligned to the entities in the graph, creating structured semantic data from the raw text. Text is extracted from images using services from the AWS ecosystem, including Optical Character Recognition and Natural Language Processing to identify the units of information, creating a high-throughput auto-digitisation workflow for extracting structured data.
The PKB graph network enables new ways to interrogate collections. It can help identify species that may require re-examination or re-identification due to taxonomic updates or inconsistencies. It can also flag potential discrepancies or conflicts in the data, such as cases where the same species is recorded under different names or classifications across various sources. Moreover, the PKB can detect possible errors and outliers in the knowledge graph and point out specimens that could represent new species misidentified within the collection. By cross-validating species with the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List, it can also assist in analysing species populations with insufficient data.
The PKB is being developed as a cloud service, so researchers and other institutions can experiment with this transformative technology, using it to support their own digitisation efforts.
Sunray sign in chest radiograph: A marker of central airway lung malignancy!
Authors: Patil Shital , Patil Deepak 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
Lung cancer is usually diagnosed in the late stage due to a lack of awareness of symptoms to patient, lack of widespread screening practices, and lack of sensitization to the most common radiological signs of lung malignancy to family physicians. Radiological signs will help in suspecting lung cancer earliest and important role in guiding a protocolized workup to rule out underlying malignancy. “Sunray sign” in chest radiograph is first time described in the literature and constitutes hilar mass or radiopacity with inhomogeneous linear opacities spreading toward the peripheries like sunrays, which is a marker of interstitial lymphatic involvement due to the malignant spread of the disease. “Sunray sign” is an indicator of underlying lung malignancy with central airway or mainstem bronchus involvement with lymphatic dissemination in linear opacities. In this case report, we have reported a 59-year-old male presented with cough and hemoptysis with progressive worsening of shortness of breath. The chest X-ray documented round opacity occupying the right hilum with linear opacities emerging toward the peripheries in the lung parenchyma showing typical “sunray sign.” Bronchoscopy was done after clinical stabilization and showed endobronchial polypoidal growth in the right intermediate bronchus causing partial occlusion of the bronchial lumen. Endobronchial needle aspiration cytology and punch or forcep biopsy (FB) histopathology were suggestive of a “squamous cell” type of lung malignancy for “sunray sign” in our case. A high index of suspicion is a must to rule out underlying malignancy, and bronchoscopy is the “gold-standard” test in cases with sunray sign to confirm diagnosis.
Downregulation of E-cadherin immunohistochemical expression - Highlights its role in epithelial- to-mesenchymal transition in breast carcinomas
Authors: Adil Mohammad , Akhtar Kafil , Fahim Mazhar , Siddiqui Shahid Ali 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:
E-cadherin is known to have an important role in the regulation of epithelial–mesenchymal transition process and in the tumor progression.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:
The aim was to study the expression of immunomarker E-cadherin and evaluate its diagnostic and prognostic significance in breast carcinoma.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This prospective study was conducted on 90 diagnosed cases of breast carcinoma presenting clinically with breast lumps. Immunohistochemistry was performed by E-cadherin antibodies and evaluated.

RESULTS:
Majority of the cases were seen in the age group of 41–50 years, 32 (35.6%). Most of the patients were postmenopausal females, 53 (59.5%). The most common subtype involved was invasive carcinoma No special type (NST) in 78 (86.7%) with Grade 2 in 55 (70.5%) cases. E-cadherin expression was strong in Grade 1 tumors, mixed intensity in Grade 2 tumors, and weak in Grade 3 tumors. Of 11 cases of metastasis, 8 (72.7%) cases showed 1+ E-cadherin immunoexpression and 3 (27.3%) cases showed 2+ immunoexpression. The statistical correlation between E-cadherin immunoexpression with tumor recurrence and distant metastasis was found to be significant (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:
Patients with moderate-to-high expression of E-cadherin had a longer disease-free survival. High grade and advanced stage of carcinoma had absent or weak expression of E-cadherin and was associated with aggressive tumor characteristics with early recurrence, distant metastasis, and reduced disease-free survival.
Clinical profile and outcomes of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with COVID-19 virus after surgery for congenital heart defects
Authors: Sujana Chitturi Sai , Wadile Santosh , Srinivas Chitturi Subrahmanya , Banpurkar Ashishkumar Moreshwar , Murthy Prabhatha Rashmi , Kulkarni Snehal 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
To study the clinical presentation, laboratory profile, echocardiographic details, management, and outcomes of children who were diagnosed to have multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in the immediate postoperative period after surgery for congenital heart defects (CHDs).

Materials and Methods:
This is a prospective case–control study that included children diagnosed to have MIS-C in the postoperative period based on clinical signs, rise in inflammatory markers, and echocardiographic features of ventricular dysfunction or coronary involvement. Management included intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), steroids, and antiplatelet medications in addition to routine postoperative care. Out of the 461 children who underwent surgery for CHD between April 1st, 2021, and November 30th, 2021, 18 children were diagnosed with MIS-C. After the initial routine postoperative course, all 18 children had sudden worsening in clinical and laboratory parameters. Other causes such as bacterial infection were ruled out. All of these children had features of MIS-C with ventricular dilatation and dysfunction, coronary artery involvement, and reactive COVID-19 immunoglobulin G antibody. There was a significant improvement in coronary artery dimensions after IVIG administration (P = 0.001). The involvement of the left main coronary artery was associated with significantly increased length of intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stay (P = 0.019). Mean ICU and hospital stay was prolonged in the MIS-C group. There were two deaths in this group due to severe left ventricular dysfunction.

Conclusions:
During the pandemic, a proportion of patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery may develop unexpected worsening in clinical status due to MIS-C. A high index of suspicion and prompt treatment with IVIG and steroids may be helpful in improving outcomes.
Incremental value of fetal spatiotemporal image correlation echocardiography in the diagnosis of tetralogy of Fallot with disconnected pulmonary arteries with ductus arteriosus supplying the left pulmonary artery
Authors: Karapurkar Sonia , Kappanayil Mahesh , Kumar Raman Krishna , Vaidyanathan Balu 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Disconnected branch pulmonary arteries are sparsely reported cases in prenatal diagnosis literature. We report a case of tetralogy of Fallot with disconnected branch pulmonary arteries, the left pulmonary artery (LPA) arising from an indirect ductus arteriosus (DA) from the base of the innominate artery in a right aortic arch, diagnosed by fetal echocardiography with 3D/4D spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) imaging. Prenatal diagnosis led to early neonatal intervention to maintain blood flow to the LPA by stenting of the DA. Fetal echocardiographic evaluation (Voluson E10 systems, GE Healthcare, Zipf) with acquisition of images and volumes in the right ventricular outflow tract and three-vessel trachea view with rendering of 3D/4D STIC volume datasets to display images in high-definition color format. Prenatal evaluation was initially done at 17-week gestation in a 28-year-old pregnant female which showed tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Subsequent evaluation at 34 weeks with 3D/4D STIC datasets showed a small main pulmonary artery (MPA) continuing into an adequately sized right pulmonary artery. The LPA was very small (Z-score −2.63), with no visible connection to MPA. Rendering of the 3D/4D STIC datasets revealed disconnected pulmonary arteries with the vertical DA from the base of the innominate artery in a right aortic arch, continuing as the LPA. Findings were confirmed on postnatal high-resolution CT pulmonary angiography and cardiac catheterization with subsequent stenting of the ductus. This report highlights the incremental benefit of advanced 3D/4D STIC rendering in accurate prenatal diagnosis of a rare anomaly of TOF with disconnected pulmonary arteries, leading to early neonatal intervention to preserve the blood supply to the left lung.
Clinical profile and outcome of cardiac manifestations in patients presenting with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Singal Gautam , Batta Akash , Bhargava Siddharth , Kumar Sushil , Tandon Rohit , Gupta Anshuman , Goyal Abhishek , Chhabra Shibba Takkar , Aslam Naved , Wander Gurpreet Singh , Mohan Bishav 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) can cause significant morbidity and mortality in children. This study was conducted to assess the pattern and outcome of cardiac abnormalities in MIS-C. This retrospective study was conducted in children with MIS-C between 1 month and 18 years. We enrolled 53 children with a mean age of 7.78 ± 4.62 years. Overall, 35.8% of children with MIS-C had cardiac manifestations in the form of coronary artery abnormalities (CAAs) or left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. Younger age (P 0.009) and high C-reactive protein at admission (P = 0.001) were significant predictors of cardiac involvement. CAAs were seen in 11.3% of children. On follow-up, 67% and 83% of children showed regression of CAA at 1 and 6 months, respectively. 24.5% of patients had presented with LV dysfunction. LV ejection fraction improved significantly at 1 month (P = 0.002) and 6 months (P = 0.001). Cardiac outcomes in MIS-C were favorable with timely identification and treatment.
Ascending aortic pseudoaneurysm presenting as heart failure in a child – A rare complication associated with coronavirus disease 2019
Authors: Bakhru Shweta , Dhulipudi Bhargavi , Koneti Nageswara Rao 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
The prevalence of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is about 2% in children. Varied manifestations including pneumonia, myocarditis, and multisystem inflammatory syndrome, namely is commonly seen in children. Aortic pseudoaneurysm due to COVID-19 is rare and carries a poor prognosis. We came across a 5-year-girl who had presented with heart failure due to a large ascending aortic pseudoaneurysm associated with COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic. The patient underwent successful surgical repair.
A Randomized Control Study of Oral Itraconazole versus Itraconazole with Terbinafine in the Treatment of Dermatophytosis
Authors: Sharma Divya , Saluja Amandeep , Meena Sanjay , Gupta Kalpana 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Dermatophyte infections are one of the first known fungal infections of humankind and are most common throughout the world. The antifungal therapies over the past 30 years have improved, but the phenomenon of antifungal resistance is still of major concern. Combination therapies can show great promise in overcoming this problem to broaden the spectrum of activity, enhance the rate or extent of killing, and minimize the development of resistance.

Objectives:
To find out the therapeutic efficacy of itraconazole versus itraconazole with terbinafine for the treatment of dermatophytosis.

Materials and Methods:
A prospective study was conducted for a duration of 1 year on 64 patients diagnosed with dermatophytosis and was randomly divided into two groups. Group A was given oral itraconazole whereas Group B received oral itraconazole and oral terbinafine for 4 weeks along with levocetirizine daily for 2 weeks and miconazole 2% topically for 6 weeks. The measurability criteria were done on detailed clinical examination (itching, erythema, size, number, scaling, and margin) and through photographic assessment.

Results:
The mean difference and standard deviation of total scores for group A were 10.12 ± 4.09 and for group B were 9.94 and 3.75, respectively. The P value was not significant (P = 0.78). Out of 64 cases, 3 (5%) patients complained of gastric discomfort, 2 (3%) patients complained of nausea, and 1 (1%) of dizziness.

Conclusion:
This study revealed that there was a highly significant improvement in both groups with no significant difference in their clinical criteria.
Estimation of Hair Cortisol Levels as a Biomarker of Chronic Stress in Psoriasis: A Pilot Study
Authors: Budamakuntla Leelavathy , Loganathan Eswari , Ramesh Heera , Karagaiah Priyanka , Somashekhar Sachin , Venkatarayaraju Shankar Kumar 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Psychological stress can exacerbate many inflammatory diseases like psoriasis by dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. One method of establishing this correlation is by measuring cortisol levels. Deposition of cortisol in the hair during its growth allows for retrospective quantification and to analyze the relationship between hair cortisol levels, stress, and psoriasis.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to evaluate hair cortisol levels as a biomarker of chronic stress in psoriasis patients.

Materials and Methods:
Detailed clinical and personal history and stress-related events before the onset of the disease or any exacerbations during the disease were taken. Clinical severity was assessed using psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) scoring. Stress levels in individuals, during the previous 6 months were assessed, using Holmes–Rahe Life Stress Inventory. Following this, hair samples were collected from the vertex of the scalp and sent to the laboratory in an envelope. After extraction of the cortisol, their levels were estimated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analyses were done.

Results:
Mean hair cortisol level per mg of hair sample was 0.92 ± 0.84 ng/mg compared to 0.50 ± 0.60 ng/mg in controls (P = 0.002). There was a significant positive correlation of hair cortisol levels with the duration of disease, PASI score, and stress level.

Conclusion:
Measurement of cortisol in hair is a novel, noninvasive method that may assess systemic cortisol levels over several weeks to months. It may potentially be used as a biomarker in psychocutaneous disorders like psoriasis.
A Cross-Sectional Survey to Evaluate the Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Treatment Adherence in Chronic Dermatological Diseases
Authors: Patil Priyanka C , Viswanath Vishalakshi , Joshi Pradnya R , Dhakne Mayuri 
Published: August 2023

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent nationwide lockdowns have contributed to complex problems in the management of chronic dermatological diseases.

Objectives:
The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the management of chronic dermatological diseases treated with/without systemic immunomodulators and phototherapy.

Materials and Methods:
A single-center, cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey via telephone calls/Google Forms was conducted from May 2020 to July 2020. Multivariate correlation analysis with adherence to treatment as dependent variable was performed to study the influence of various demographic variables, treatment-related factors, and pandemic issues.

Results:
Data of 138 patients (55% with psoriasis, 21% with vesiculobullous diseases, 18.2% with connective tissue diseases, and 5.8% with conditions such as alopecia areata, vitiligo, lichen planus, and reactive arthritis) were analyzed. The study population consisted of 81.1% of patients on systemic immunomodulators. Autonomous treatment modification was reported by 77% leading to poor disease control in 53.7%. There was a statistically significant negative correlation between income loss during the pandemic and treatment adherence. Duration of illness also showed a significant negative correlation, thereby indicating that treatment adherence reduced with disease chronicity. The highest nonadherence was noted with apremilast. None of the patients reported confirmed COVID infection.

Conclusions:
The study findings emphasize the direct and indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on treatment adherence in chronic dermatological diseases. It underlines the need for better pandemic response by the development of patient education programs, standard protocols, and functional teledermatology units in Indian public health-care settings.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Regarding COVID-19 among Patients Attending the Dermatology Outpatient Department: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sarkar Rashmi , Sanke Sarita , Samudrala Suvarna , Mendiratta Vibhu , Yadav Kartikey , Chander Ram 
Published: August 2023

Background:
The current trend in the declining rates of new COVID-19 case detection may be attributed to better awareness and more robust screening and testing programs all across the country. Although there have been many studies on the impact of COVID-19 in India and its management, there are no studies currently regarding the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) among the community.

Objective:
This study aims to study the KAP regarding COVID-19 attending the dermatology outpatient department in a tertiary care center.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted on 202 patients attending the dermatology outpatient department. After taking consent, the enrolled patients were directed to complete the COVID-19 KAP questionnaire, which was adapted from a previous study, and was translated into Hindi.

Results:
Our study showed a good knowledge score of 8.01 ± 1.94 for males and 7.71 ± 2.4 for females. The knowledge scores were similar in both genders and across all age groups and employment groups. The knowledge scores were significantly higher in those with higher education levels.

Conclusion:
Male gender, with higher education and a higher COVID-19 knowledge score, was also associated with a significantly more positive attitude. Females, with higher education and a higher COVID-19 knowledge score, were also found to have better protective measures against COVID-19.