bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La història en present, històries del present: una aproximació a la dramatúrgia mallorquina contemporània
Authors: Rollet Aymeric 
Published: March 2023

Bien que méconnue en France et encore relativement peu analysée dans les études théâtrales espagnoles et catalanes, la dramaturgie majorquine contemporaine se caractérise depuis plusieurs décennies par une grande diversité formelle et thématique et par un souci permanent de se renouveler et d’expérimenter. Cet article dresse un panorama synthétique de la création théâtrale à Majorque au cours des trente dernières années, puis il propose une approche de l’œuvre de Jaume Miró, l’un des dramaturges les plus emblématiques du théâtre majorquin, autour de deux grands types de pièces : d’une part, le théâtre dit « historique » (l’histoire au présent), d’autre part, les pièces « non historiques » (les histoires du présent, ou traitant du présent par le détour de la fiction).
Professionnels du désordre et violences organisées durant l’épidémie d’Ebola du Kivu (2018-2020)
Authors: Villa Jules 
Published: March 2023

Cet article propose une lecture politique des violences organisées contre les équipes chargées de lutter contre l’épidémie d’Ebola du Kivu (2018-2020). Plutôt que de considérer ces violences comme le révélateur de croyances culturelles ou d’une compréhension fautive de la situation, ces violences sont comprises comme le produit d’une situation politique particulière. Elles s’inscrivent dans la continuité de rapports brutaux et inégaux avec l’autorité qui ont marqué l’histoire de la région. L’attention portée à la lutte contre l’épidémie d’Ebola a ainsi constitué une opportunité inédite d’envoyer un message contestataire dépassant le seul cadre sanitaire. Mais ces éléments n’expliquent pas à eux seuls les violences qui ont caractérisé cette épidémie : ils ne constituent qu’un terreau fertile. Ces violences organisées et planifiées servent les intérêts d’élites impliquées dans l’« Ebola business » qui ont exploité ce climat de méfiance et mobilisé la violence comme mode d’action. Dans ce contexte, la mise en place des « leçons apprises » et de séances de « renforcement des capacités » ne suffisent pas à stopper des violences qui sont organisées pour servir des intérêts.
Stress distribution in bone around an implant-supported three-unit fixed dental prosthesis using two different computer-aided designing/computer-aided milling provisional crown materials: Milled polymethylmethacrylate and milled polyetheretherketone – A finite element analysis
Authors: Barua Swagata Laxmi , Poduval T. Soorya , Rani Sapna , Jain Nandini , Thakur Swati 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Occlusal loading of osseointegrated implants is believed to be an essential determining factor in the long-term success of an implant treatment. Numerous studies have been conducted on the evaluation of stress distribution by definitive restoration materials for Implant-supported fixed prosthesis, but very few have evaluated provisional restoration materials for the same. This study aims to evaluate the influence of provisional restoration material – Milled Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and Milled Polyetheretherketone (PEEK), over stress distribution on the peri-implant bone around an implant-supported three-unit, fixed dental prosthesis using finite element analysis method.

Materials and Methods:
Three-dimensional models of a pair of bone-level implant system and titanium base abutments were created using the standard tessellation language data of original implant components. A bone block representing the mandibular posterior area was created, and the implants were placed in the bone block with 100% osseointegration in the 2nd premolar to 2nd molar region. A superstructure of an implant-supported 3-unit bridge was modeled on top of the abutments, each crown to be 8 mm in height and with an outer diameter of 6 mm in 2nd premolar region and 10 mm in 1st molar and 2nd molar region. Two different models were created according to combinations of provisional restoration materials, namely, Milled PMMA and Milled PEEK based on. In each model, the implants were loaded vertically (300 N) and obliquely (150 N at 30°). The stress distribution in the cortical bone, cancellous bone, and implant was evaluated through the von Mises stress analysis.

Results:
The results showed no difference in stress distribution due to the different provisional restorations – Milled PMMA and Milled PEEK. In addition, the vertical load resulted in higher stress values in the implant components, cortical bone, and cancellous bone in both PEEK and PMMA models as compared to oblique loading.

Conclusion:
The new polymer, PEEK was seen to provide comparable stress generation in the current study without exceeding the physiological limits of peri-implant bone. Thus, it can be considered as a good alternative to PMMA resin as a provisional crown material since it provides certain additional benefits.
Influence of polishing systems on surface roughness of four resin composites subjected to thermocycling aging
Authors: Elmarsafy Sahar Mohamed , Abdelwahab Safinaz Abdelfatah , Hussein Fatma 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Surface smoothness considered to be a significant part of the appearance and success of the restorative materials. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of four different polishing systems on surface roughness of four resin composite materials when subjected to thermocycling.

Materials and Methods:
This research was designed as a comparative study. Four resin composites were used which are: Nanofill composite (Filtek Supreme XT), nanohybrid composite (Tetric EvoCeram), microfill composite (Renamel Microfill), and microhybrid composite (Filtek Z250). Sixty disk-shaped specimens of each resin composite were prepared then divided into four groups according to the polishing system (n = 15); which were Sof-Lex Spiral, Diatech Shapeguard, Venus Supra, and Astropol. The specimens of each group were polished following the manufactures' instructions, then surface roughness, Ra values in μm were measured initially and after the specimens subjected to thermal cycling. The influence of resin composites, polishing systems, thermocycling, and their interaction effects on surface roughness (Ra mean values) was statistically analyzed mainly by using the repeated measures two-way analysis of variance test, whereas the Bonferroni''s post hoc test was applied for pair-wise comparisons. P ≤ 0.05 was used as the significant level.

Results:
The results of this study revealed that Filtek Supreme XT recorded significantly the lowest mean surface roughness (Ra) of 0.2533 ± 0.073 μm (P < 0.001). The Sof-Lex Spiral polishing system revealed significantly the lowest mean surface roughness (Ra) of 0.2734 ± 0.0903 μm (P = 0.004). Regardless of composite type and polishing system, there was a statistically significant increase in mean surface roughness values (Ra) in μm after thermocycling (0.2251 ± 0.0496 μm and 0.3506 ± 0.0868 μm, respectively) (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Resin composite type, polishing method, and thermocycling aging significantly affected the surface roughness of composites; Nanofill composite and Sof-Lex Spiral polishing system provided the lowest values of surface roughness which increased after thermocycling.
Evaluation of force decay rate in orthodontic elastomeric chains in the environment of various mouthwashes: A systematic review
Authors: Javidi Pedram , Bashardoust Nazanin , Shekarbaghani Aye 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Different studies about the effects of mouthwashes on force reduction by elastomeric chains are reported in the literature. Hence, this review was done for the assessment of force degradation in the elastomeric chains in different mouthwash compositions. This study helps to improve the clinical performance of elastomeric chains used in orthodontics, reducing force degradation, and finally assisting clinicians in choosing better and more efficient methods for their treatments.

Materials and Methods:
In this review article, an extensive search was performed in the electronic databases of Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus from the year 1990–2020. No language restriction was considered and manually investigated the reference lists of all articles related to the title. Out of 450 obtained articles, 14 in vitro studies were chosen based on the inclusion criteria, and their quality was assessed using modified CONSORT. This systematic review was limited and written based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol.

Results:
Based on the results achieved, mouthwashes containing alcohol caused considerable force degradation in the elastomeric chains compared to the alcohol-free ones and mouthwashes with fluoride caused lesser force degradation compared to other types.
Comparison of the success of inferior alveolar nerve anesthesia in the mandibular first molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis using two anesthetic solutions of prilocaine and mepivacaine: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Eskandarinezhad Mahsa , Ghasemi Negin , Rostami Parisa , Abdollahi Amir Ardalan 
Published: March 2023

Background:
This study aimed to compare the success rate of inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) anesthesia in the mandibular first molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis using two anesthetic solutions of prilocaine and mepivacaine.

Materials and Methods:
The current randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 100 patients in two groups (n = 50). Standard injection of IAN block (IANB) was performed using two cartridges of 3% mepivacaine plain in the first group and using two cartridges of 3% prilocaine with 0.03 IU felypressin in the second group. Fifteen minutes after injection, the patients were asked about lip anesthesia. In case of a positive answer, the tooth was isolated with a rubber dam. Success was defined as no or mild pain on the basis of the visual analog scale recording upon access cavity preparation, entry into the pulp chamber, and initial instrumentation. Data were analyzed with SPSS 17 using the Chi-square test, and P < 0.05 was set as statistically significant.

Results:
The patients' pain severities during the three stages were significantly different (P = 0.001, 0.0001, and 0.001, respectively). The success rate of IANB during access cavity preparation was 88% with prilocaine and 68% with mepivacaine. This rate during entry into the pulp chamber was 78% and 24%, respectively, which was 3.25 times higher with prilocaine than mepivacaine. The success rates during instrumentation were 32% and 10%, respectively, which was 3.2 times higher with prilocaine than mepivacaine.

Conclusion:
The success rate of IANB in the teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis was higher using 3% prilocaine with felypressin than using 3% mepivacaine.
Path Analysis of Measured Variables of Subjective Motivational Values Toward Child Gender Tool Tested in Women of Reproductive Age in a Northern State of India
Authors: Kumar Dinesh 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Structural equation modeling was done for path analysis among domain scores of motivational values toward child gender (MVCG) questionnaire. It was used to assess consistency between observed and estimated covariance matrix as theoretically assumed. The objective of the study is to identify paths to influence the power domain among selected women of Himachal Pradesh.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 655 women were interviewed and information was collected using the MVCG questionnaire. Responses to 28 questions of eight domains were used for path analysis. The model-building process was started from an assumed theoretical construct and referred to as Model-1 and changes in the model were done gradually by addition of pathway(s) within the construct. The addition of pathways was carried out to observe a good model fit.

Results:
Fit indices from Model-1 to -4 changed across models as the user-defined χ
2/df ratio decreased from 56.8 to 5.8 indicating acceptable fit. Change across models for normed-fit index, comparative fit index, and Tucker Lewis index showed that a large improvement from 0.74 to 0.94, 0.73 to 0.95, and from 0.56 to 0.90 indicating a good fit, respectively. Likewise, root mean square error of approximation reduced from 0.29 to 0.08 and standardized root mean square from 0.07 to 0.03 from Model-1 to -4, indicative of a close fit. In final model (Model-3), significantly, tradition, hedonism, and security had negative whereas, benevolence, conformity, and self-direction had positive influence on power.

Conclusion:
Path analysis observed the influence of motivational values on power through self-direction, achievement, and tradition. They were observed to be the main drivers toward decision-making process toward gender of child.
Five-Year Trend of Blood Pressure Among Industrial Workers in Haryana, India
Authors: Singh Mitasha , Goyal Pooja , Goswami Shweta , Yadav Kriti , Kumar Mithilesh , Kumari Sneha 
Published: March 2023

Background:
The burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) has very swiftly seeped into all the classes of our society. It was a belief, a few decades back, that these diseases cannot affect the labor class or industrial workers. However, this has been proved wrong.

Objective:
To determine the trend of blood pressure among industrial workers at the same factory recorded between 2018 and 2022.

Materials and Methods:
A record-based analysis was conducted on the available records of health screening camps conducted at a steel dockyard located in Haryana, India. The blood pressure was measured using standard technique and was used as the outcome variable. Among all the records, data of 18 workers were available for all the five visits. Their trend was presented over the 5-year period. To account for regression to mean and effect of passage of time on blood pressure measurements of the industrial workers, repeated measures linear regression analysis was conducted on 18 observations at five points of time.

Results:
The prevalence of hypertension was 24.8% in the year 2018, it increased to 25.7% in 2020 and then drastically reduced to 16.8% in 2022. Among the 18 workers who were screened on all five visits, two were known hypertensives and taking treatment. Their mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) demonstrated a rising trend from baseline mean SBP of 126.61 ± 12.50 to 132.89 ± 16.19 mmHg and DBP of 81.72 ± 6.46 to 84.39 ± 12.31 mmHg. The estimated mean blood pressure in the repeated measures model was higher than the original means (although both followed the same trend over time). Although the blood pressure values of the industrial workers depicted a rising trend, the reported prevalence of hypertension was quite low. Therefore, the huge chunk of industrial population being constantly exposed to strenuous working conditions comprise of a highly vulnerable group warranting regular NCD screening and tracking.
Functional Outcome of Long Proximal Femoral Nail Versus Short Proximal Femoral Nail in Peri-Trochanteric Fractures in Elderly Patient
Authors: Das Chinmoy , Phukan Kunal , Kushwaha Udit 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Intertrochanteric fractures account for 5% of all hip fractures and 35–40% of these fractures are unstable three or four part fractures. Operative treatment is the best option in most of the trochanteric fractures. Evolution of intramedullary devices is a result of dissatisfaction with the extra medullary devices in intertrochanteric unstable fractures. Intramedullary nailing, with less operative time and less operative blood loss allows early weight bearing with less resultant shortening on long term follow up. Our main aim was to compare the effectiveness and drawbacks of short proximal femoral nail (PFN) versus long PFN in the management of peri-trochanteric fractures.

Materials and Methods:
This study was randomized, time bound, hospital based study conducted in a tertiary hospital, between April 2019 to April 2022. The study included 41 cases of unstable peri-trochanteric fractures divided into two groups. Patients of Group-I were operated with Short PFN and Group-II were operated with Long PFN by standard technique. Intraoperative parameters, post-operative data and events were noted. During follow-ups, patients were assessed by clinico-radiological evaluation and Harris hip score.

Results:
Total of 41 patients of peri-trochanteric fracture have been included in study out of which 24 belonged to Group-I and were operated with short PFN and rest 17 were of Group-II operated with long PFN. Though there was no significant difference in results of two Groups but use of Long PFN was found to be advantages over Short PFN in terms of the less postoperative complications, less mean time of union and better lower extremity functional scores.

Conclusion:
In our short term results, it was evident that the use of Long PFN has advantages over Short PFN in terms of the less postoperative complications, less mean time of union and better lower extremity functional scores. A study with a larger sample size would have made a better assessment of this surgical intervention.
Parent's Perception and Expectations from Cochlear Implants
Authors: Sreekumar Sita , Joy Jeena Mary 
Published: March 2023

Introduction
Parental perceptions and expectations are the key determinants for optimal outcomes from cochlear implants (CI). This article explores the parental perceptions and expectations of very young children who are prospective candidates for CI.

Methods
The participants of this study were 97 parents (63 mothers; 34 fathers). They completed a 40-item questionnaire which reflected the parents expected outcomes on the domains communication and social skills, academic achievements, future life, rehabilitation demands, satisfaction, stress, and professional relations. The questionnaire was administered during a group counseling session conducted for prospective CI users under the government-funded CI program in Kerala, India. The responses were descriptively analyzed to present the results.

Results
The results reveal that parents kept high expectations on communication abilities, intelligible speech, language abilities, telephone conversation, mainstream schooling, reading-writing abilities, and secure future life after their children receive cochlear implantation. Ninety-six percent of parents strongly agreed on parental involvement, intense, and prolonged therapy for maximal benefit. About 52.3% of parents were dissatisfied with the present communication and social skills of their children. About 33.3% of parents felt stressed about the rehabilitation process, whereas 78% viewed rehabilitation as their responsibility. Decision-making on CI was difficult for 48% of parents because of differing opinions among professionals.

Conclusion
Understanding parental perceptions and expectations will help the service providers to impart holistic habilitation strategies after cochlear implantation. Further documenting parental perceptions is important to correlate the future experiences and outcomes from CI.
Development and Validation of Tulu Sentence Lists to Test Speech Recognition Threshold in Noise
Authors: Bhat Shreepriya , Kalaiah Mohan Kumar , Shastri Usha 
Published: March 2023

Introduction
We aimed to develop sentence lists in Tulu language to measure speech recognition thresholds (SRTs) in noise and verify the equivalence of the developed lists in noise among individuals with normal hearing.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted in three phases; first, the developmental phase, collection, and development of the sentence material in the Tulu language were carried out. Sentences rated highly familiar/familiar and highly natural/natural by 80% of the raters were considered for the next phase. In the second phase, 22 sentence lists were prepared, with each list containing ten sentences of equal difficulty level in noise. The difficulty level was matched mainly based on the similarity (±1 standard deviation [SD]) of signal-to-noise ratio 50 (SNR-50), the slope of the sentences, the number of content words, and phonemes. The third phase evaluated the equivalency of developed sentence lists. Sixty-two native Tulu speakers with normal hearing sensitivity, aged between 18 and 39 years, participated. Of these 62 participants, twelve were recruited for the first phase, 20 individuals participated in the second phase, and 30 participated in the third phase.

Results
Thirteen sentence lists were equivalent and were a reliable measure of SNR-50 in native speakers of Tulu who have hearing sensitivity within normal limits. Using the sentence scoring method, the average SNR-50 of these sentence lists was − 4.19 dB with a SD of 0.21 dB. The developed sentences also had less within-subject variability than between-subject variability.

Conclusions
These 13 equivalent sentence lists provide a valid and reliable tool to measure the SRT in noise in native Tulu speakers with hearing sensitivity within normal limits.
Spoken Word Frequency in the Hindi Language
Authors: Verma Himanshu , Patil Gouri Shanker 
Published: March 2023

Objective
Limited studies related to spoken word corpus in the Indian context are available in the literature. To fulfill the demands of the spoken word frequency database in Hindi for advance psycholinguistic and cognitive studies, we tried to establish the preliminary spoken word database of Hindi language for children studying in Grade VI to Grade IX.

Methods
To create the spoken word corpus a recorder was given to subjects to record their conversation. The recorded sample was transcribed into Hindi text using voice note II software. The transcribed sample was uploaded into Text Analyzer software, and word frequency, the number of syllables, and lexical density were computed.

Results
Spoken word corpus consists of a total of 49,476 words. Lexical density was higher for females than males because the female database contains more unique words. The study also revealed that subjects used functional words and verbs more frequently, followed by nouns.

Conclusion
We can conclude that the current database provides information about the high-frequency and low-frequency words used by children studying in Grade VI to Grade IX. This database will be helpful in psycholinguistic and cognitive experiments; however, the present corpus included data from the middle socioeconomic group and contained fewer words. The present study is the preliminary study future study demands and requires an extensive word database.