bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single‐cell profiling of muscle‐infiltrating T cells in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies
Authors: Argyriou Alexandra , Horuluoglu Begum , Galindo‐Feria Angeles Shunashy , Diaz‐Boada Juan Sebastian , Sijbranda Merel , Notarnicola Antonella , Dani Lara , van Vollenhoven Annika , Ramsköld Daniel , Nennesmo Inger , Dastmalchi Maryam , Lundberg Ingrid E , Diaz‐Gallo Lina‐Marcela , Chemin Karine 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIdiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are rare autoimmune systemic diseases characterized by muscle weakness and the presence of muscle‐infiltrating T cells. IIM represent a clinical challenge due to heterogeneity of symptoms and variability of response to immunosuppressive treatment. Here, we performed in‐depth single‐cell sequencing on muscle‐infiltrating T cells and peripheral blood memory T cells in six patients with recently diagnosed IIM. We identified tissue resident memory T‐cell (TRM) signatures including the expression of HOBIT, XCL1 and CXCR6 in the muscle biopsies of all patients with IIM. Clonally expanded T‐cell clones were mainly found among cytotoxic and TRM implying their role in the disease pathogenesis. Finally, identical expanded T‐cell clones persisting at follow‐up in the muscle tissue of two patients suggest their involvement in disease chronicity. Our study reveals a muscle tissue resident memory T‐cell signature in patients with IIM and a transcriptomic map to identify novel therapeutic targets in IIM.
Struvite recovery from anaerobically digested waste-activated sludge: A short review
Authors: Otieno Benton , Funani Charmaine Kgomotso , Khune Selebogo Mervyn , Kabuba John , Osifo Peter 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEffective treatment of waste streams such as municipal waste-activated sludge (WAS) presents an opportunity for energy and nutrient recovery, water reclamation, and mitigation of climate change. WAS is a waste product of the activated sludge treatment (AST) process widely used for municipal wastewater. Currently, WAS treatment and disposal account for up to 50% of the total operation cost and 40% of the total greenhouse gas emissions from wastewater treatment plants. Anaerobic digestion (AD) is usually preferred for WAS treatment since it is more economical compared to other existing technologies. The decomposition of sludge during AD releases nutrients, which are then discharged in the anaerobic effluent, polluting recipient water bodies and increasing the nutrient burden. The nutrients, mainly nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), can be crystallised into struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate, NH4MgPO4.6H2O) with numerous agricultural applications as fertilisers. The present review focusses on struvite recovery from anaerobically digested WAS and its potential application for crop production.
Graphical Abstract
Los cuidados paliativos en la normativa jurídica sobre salud en Argentina
Authors: Lafferriere Jorge Nicolas 
Published: July 2023

Propósito: El artículo reporta los resultados de un relevamiento sobre normativa nacional y provincial en Argentina referida a los cuidados paliativos (CP) en orden a determinar cómo se verifica la integración de esos cuidados en las leyes, programas y presupuesto de salud.
Diseño/metodología/aproximación: Se realizó un relevamiento de las normas vigentes a nivel nacional y provincial por medio de los distintos buscadores jurídicos y se sistematizó la información a la luz de la recomendación hecha por la International Association for Hospice y Palliative Care (IAHPC) en relación a los deberes de los gobiernos para la integración de los CP en el sistema de salud.
Hallazgos: Se encontraron 125 normas vinculadas con los CP, 26 a nivel nacional y 89 a nivel provincial. A nivel nacional, a partir de 2002 los CP se incluyen en la cobertura de salud, en 2012 se reconocen como derecho, en 2016 se regula la organización de los servicios y en 2022 se dicta la ley 27678 que considera a los CP como un modelo de atención, promueve el acceso a medicamentos y la formación de profesionales. A nivel provincial, hay legislación desde 1999 para la creación de programas de CP y a partir de 2022 comienza la adhesión a la ley nacional.
Originalidad/valor: El trabajo ofrece un relevamiento actualizado y exhaustivo, en relación con anteriores relevamientos, sobre la normativa en materia de CP. También es original en la forma de sistematizar la información a partir de las recomendaciones de la IAHPC.
Implicaciones prácticas y sociales: El trabajo permite identificar buenas prácticas normativas para facilitar el acceso a los CP, en tanto la regulación jurídica es uno de los aspectos que configuran una política pública en la materia. El trabajo también ofrece herramientas normativas para los operadores de la salud, pacientes y familias, para conocer los derechos en relación al acceso a los CP.
Evaluation of urine cotinine levels in children with chronic cough
Authors: ÖZDEMİR ATİKEL Yesim , BOSTANCI İlknur , ÖZDİLEKCAN Çiğdem , ÖZMEN Serap 
Published: July 2023

Bacground: Our study was planned to reveal the objective relation between urine cotinine level and tobacco smoke exposure in children suffering from chronic cough.
Methods: Between ages 5-18 years, 58 patients with chronic cough with no underlying specific cause and 54 healthy individuals were included in the study.
Results: There was a statistically significant difference between urine cotinine levels of cases those who exposed and unexposed (based on the declaration of parents) to tobacco smoke (p
Workplace and non-workplace cannabis use and the risk of workplace injury: Findings from a longitudinal study of Canadian workers
Authors: Carnide Nancy , Landsman Victoria , Lee Hyunmi , Frone Michael R. , Furlan Andrea D. , Smith Peter M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Findings of previous studies examining the relationship between cannabis use and workplace injury have been conflicting, likely due to methodological shortcomings, including cross-sectional designs and exposure measures that lack consideration for timing of use. The objective was to estimate the association between workplace cannabis use (before and/or at work) and non-workplace use and the risk of workplace injury.

Methods
Canadian workers participating in a yearly longitudinal study (from 2018 to 2020) with at least two adjacent years of survey data comprised the analytic sample (n = 2745). The exposure was past-year workplace cannabis use (no past-year use, non-workplace use, workplace use). The outcome was past-year workplace injury (yes/no). Absolute risks and relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated between workplace and non-workplace cannabis use at one time point and workplace injury at the following time point. Models were adjusted for personal and work variables and were also stratified by whether respondents’ jobs were safety-sensitive.

Results
Compared to no past-year cannabis use, there was no difference in workplace injury risk for non-workplace cannabis use (RR 1.09, 95%CI 0.83–1.44). However, workplace use was associated with an almost two-fold increased risk of experiencing a workplace injury (RR 1.97, 95%CI 1.32–2.93). Findings were similar for workers in safety-sensitive and non-safety-sensitive work.

Conclusion
It is important to distinguish between non-workplace and workplace use when considering workplace safety impacts of cannabis use. Findings have implications for workplace cannabis use policies and substantiate the need for worker education on the risks of workplace cannabis use.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT AND LEARNING OUTCOMES FEEDBACK IN INCREASING THE LEARNING MOTIVATION OF FIFTH-GRADE STUDENTS
Authors: Faristin Rohmah , Yuniawatika Yuniawatika , Murdiyah Sri 
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine the relationship between positive reinforcement and learning outcomes feedback in increasing the learning motivation of fifth-grade students. This type of research uses ex post facto research with the determination of research respondents taken from fifth-grade students in Bolorejo Tulungagung. This data collection uses questionnaires, observations, interviews, and documentation. Analysis of research data using simple correlation and multiple correlations with a significance level of 0.05. Positive reinforcement has a relationship with learning motivation with a contribution of 24.7 percent. There is a relationship between learning outcomes feedback and learning motivation with a contribution of 92.8 percent. Positive reinforcement and feedback simultaneously have a relationship with learning motivation with the acquisition of a contribution of 93.2 percent. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that there was a positive reinforcement relationship and feedback with the learning motivation of fifth-grade elementary school students in Bolorejo Tulungagung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara positive reinforcement dan feedback hasil belajar terhadap peningkatan motivasi belajar siswa kelas V. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian ex post facto dengan penentuan responden penelitian diambil dari siswa kelas V SDN 1 Bolorejo, SDN 2 Bolorejo dan SDN 3 Bolorejo. Pengumpulan data ini menggunakan angket, observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Analisis data penelitian menggunakan korelasi sederhana dan korelasi ganda dengan taraf signifikansi 0,05. Positive reinforcement memiliki hubungan terhadap motivasi belajar dengan perolehan sumbangsih sebesar 24,7 persen. Ada hubungan feedback hasil belajar terhadap motivasi belajar siswa kelas V Sekolah Dasar di Bolorejo Tulungagung. Feedback hasil belajar memiliki hubungan terhadap motivasi belajar dengan perolehan sumbangsih sebesar 92,8 persen. Positive reinforcement dan feedback secara simultan memiliki hubungan terhadap motivasi belajar dengan perolehan sumbangsih sebesar 93,2 persen. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa ada hubungan positive reinforcement dan feedback terhadap motivasi belajar siswa kelas V Sekolah Dasar di Bolorejo Tulungagung.
Burnout perception among the dentists, during and after COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Naik Veena , Prakash Saurabh 
Published: July 2023

Burnout is a phenomenon comprising emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. Different opinions and view makes it difficult to explain this malady. Dentistry is a stressful occupation, the influences and causes contributing to burn out state in dentistry, surpassed with sudden declaration of pandemic situation. Google search, PubMed, Cochrane review, other online resources and articles regarding burnout in dentistry, its relation during pandemic and how to manage the situation. Besides jobs being at stake, dentists working during pandemic were stressful and exhausted with number of additional measures taken to create a safe environment for their employees, assistants, patients and themselves. Apart from this, they managed to treat the patients with acute pain and emergency surgeries too were carried out. Hence the state of mind is also significant, regardless of work load. Many dental association’s offer resources, support for dental professionals and counsel the ones who are affected by work and personal stress. this paper gives an insight to burnout among dentists during and after covid -19 and boost dentists to be proactive in taking care of themselves and if needed, ask for help.
Studying the co-relation of preoperative serum albumin levels in emergency surgeries with rate of postoperative wound site infection
Authors: Agarwal Nirmal Kumar , Mahato Rajiv , Acharya Labanya Kumar , Ragupathy Subhash A 
Published: July 2023

: Hypoalbuminemia is a good marker of malnutrition. The objective is to analyze and correlate the rates of wound site infection in patient undergoing emergency surgery with preoperative serum albumin levels.: A prospective study of 98 patients who underwent emergency surgery between January 2021 to June 2021 in the Department of General Surgery, Tezpur medical college and hospital, Assam were considered for the study.Serum albumin was determined preoperatively in all patients. Hypoalbuminemia was defined as serum albumin level of less than 3g/dl. Thirty day postoperative complication were analyzed. Wound site infection was confirmed by either by purulent discharge from the wound site or organism identified by aseptically obtained specimen from the superficial incision or from subcutaneous tissue by a culture based microbiological testing.: A total of 98 patients who underwent emergency surgeries were studied. Out of 98 patients, 49 patients had normal Serum albumin levels and 49 patients had albumin levels of less than 3g/dl were included in the hypoalbuminemic group, Overall in the group of normal serum albumin level(n=49), patient with wound site infection were(n= 04) and patient without wound site infections were (n=45). In the group with level of albumin less than 3g/dl (n=49), patient with wound site infections (n=39), without wound site infections (n=10). After a chi-square test analysis with yates correction is 47.90.: Preoperative hypoalbuminemia is an independent risk factor and a predictor of postoperative wound site infections in patients undergoing emergency surgery. Identification and optimization of nutritional status prior to surgery may improve surgical outcomes
Study of ocular morbidities in elderly patients of North Karnataka
Authors: Sudarshan Shraddha , Kulkarni Pranesh , Kumar Praveen 
Published: July 2023

Ocular morbidities are quite common phenomenon in elderly patients due to lack of immunity and associated diseases like Diabetes mellitus, HTN which result into blindness. Ocular morbidities are also influenced by their location, habits and medical history. This study is attempted to study the pattern of ocular morbidity and to understand the risk factors responsible for visual impairment. It is a hospital based cross sectional study where 300 patients &#62; 60 years with ocular morbidities were studied. A visual acuity of &#60;6/12 was taken as visual impairment and a visual acuity of &#60;3/60 was taken as blindness. Snellen’s chart, E Chart, retinoscopy, torchlight, slit lamp, Schiotztonometer, ophthalmoscope was used for examination and diagnosis. Tropicamide+phenylephrine ophthalmic solution was used for dilatation of pupil and lignocaine 4% for local anesthesia. Detailed history based on a structured questionnaire was taken followed by complete ocular examinations and relevant investigations to diagnose the ocular morbidities in the elderly. The highest ocular morbidity was cataract 34% followed by Refractive Error 30%, Blepharitis 16.3%, Dry eye 12.6% and pterygium, 8.5%. Majority of the blindness was due to cataracts 42.05%, followed by Glaucoma 12.5% and the third major cause was corneal ulcers 10.23%.Eyelid Abnormalities were seen in 1.4% in 60-75 years of age, 5.9% in 76-85, 47.4% in the age group of 86 years and above and p value was highly significant (p&#60;0.00).Corneal degenerations were found in 1.1 % in Urban and 14.5% in rural population and p value was highly significant (P&#60;0.05), Refractive Error were 44.6% in Urban and 22.7% in rural and p value was highly significant (p&#60;0.00). Based on the nature of occupation Dry Eye was 8.2% for indoor and 22.8% for outdoor and p value was highly significant. A significant relationship was established between diabetes and cataract with a p value of 0.00. In the present study cataract was found to be the most common ocular morbidity among elderly patients (&#62;60 years) followed by Refractive error, Blepharitis, dry eye and pterygium. Cataract was the major cause of blindness followed by glaucoma. This study will help ophthalmologists to treat such patients efficiently considering the factors influencing the ocular morbidities in the elderly and ensure early intervention to prevent blindness.
COVID-19 vaccination status and treatment outcome: An observational study in a dedicated COVID Hospital of North East India
Authors: Bhattacharjya Himadri , Goswami Bidhan , Sutradhar Biswajit , Sengupta Shauli , Bhattacharjee Bhaskar 
Published: July 2023

: Vaccination has been recommended to curve the COVID-19 pandemic. Associations of death among COVID-19 patients with their COVID-19 vaccination status and various co-morbidities are ill understood. Tocompare the proportions of death between COVID-19 vaccinated and un-vaccinated and to determine the association of vaccination status and selected co-morbidities with death among COVID-19 patients treated in the DCH of Tripura. : This secondary data based cross-sectional study was conducted in the DCH of Agartala Government Medical College using medical records of 2354 COVID-19 patients treated during second and third quarters of 2021, chosen by simple random sampling. A pre-designed proforma was used to extract data regarding demographics, vaccination status, co-morbidities, vitals, treatment outcome etc. from the case-sheets. Binary regression model was utilized for predicting the probability of death due to COVID-19 using important predictor variables. Majority i.e. 68% patients were aged between 18 to ≤60 yr, 56.7% were male, 38.3% had co-morbidities, 11% received single dose, 9.6% received two doses and 79.4% had no COVID-19 vaccination. Death rate was 5.8% among first dose recipients, 9.3% among second dose recipients and 11.4% among un-vaccinated. Overall death rate was 7.4%. Binary regression model has shown that older age, poor oxygen saturation during hospitalization, chronic kidney disease, hypertension and diabetes mellitus are having significant enhancing effect and vaccination having protective effect upon death. Old age, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and chronic kidney disease have enhancing and vaccination has got protective effect against death due to COVID-19.
Using Papaya as a simulation based training tool to develop competency in IUCD insertion & removal in interns - Perspective of teachers and students
Authors: Jesi W , Dhanalakshmi V , Padmavathi T , Murugan P Rajavel 
Published: July 2023

As per MCI’s new curriculum, insertion & removal of Intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) is a competency to be acquired by an Indian Medical Graduate. Only few students get the opportunity to learn this skill in a real patient. Simulation based teaching could improve the opportunity to learn. Hence we have done this study to use papaya as a cost effective simulation model for teaching IUCD insertion & removal.Institutional ethical committee approval was obtained and a workshop was conducted to all the 158 interns of Government Thoothukudi Medical College in groups of ten. Briefing and demonstration was done with an IUCD simulator. Then the students were given an opportunity to practice the procedure in papaya individually. Feedback was obtained from interns and teachers by a structured questionnaire and analyzed. The feedback was analyzed to assess the reaction, knowledge, fidelity and transfer of the knowledge by students and teachers. Skill developmentby the students before and after the training showed a significant rise (p &#60; 0.05)This hands-on training on IUCD insertion & removal using papaya is found to have high fidelity and is very useful for the students to acquire knowledge and skill and is also approved and appreciated by the teaching faculty. Hence this can be included regularly in the teaching schedule for final year students and in Intern orientation programs.
The role of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography in evaluation of etiological spectrum of obstructive jaundice
Authors: Rahman Hafizur , Roy Deep Kumar , Pame Mukheswar , Basu Aniruddha , Bhuyan Rupak 
Published: July 2023

Jaundice is a commonly encountered problem in society. Discrimination between obstructive and non-obstructive causes is important to imply surgical intervention in cases of obstructive jaundice whereas medical management in non-obstructive jaundice. Nowadays diagnostic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) may be replaced by Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) as it has high level of resolution and reliability. We studied the role of MRCP in obstructive jaundice to evaluate its etiological spectrums and radiological findings. To evaluate the role of MRCP in the determination of aetiologies in obstructive jaundice, to assess degree and level of biliary obstruction and to correlate MRCP findings with post surgical follow-ups / ERCP/ histopathology. Total sixty-eight patients with a clinical diagnosis of obstructive jaundice referred for MRCP were included in our study. We correlated MRCP findings with the final diagnosis made by post-surgical follow-up / ERCP/ histopathology as a gold standard. For benign lesions, overall sensitivity of MRCP was 97.73%, specificity was 95.83% with an accuracy of 97.06%. MRCP had 94.74% sensitivity, 93.88% specificity, 94.12% accuracy in the diagnosis of choledocholithiasis, and 66.67% sensitivity, 98.39% specificity, and 95.59% accuracy in the diagnosis of benign strictures. For malignant lesions, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of MRCP were 97.06%, 95.83%, and 97.73%. MRCP is a highly reliable, accurate, non-invasive imaging technique and has a high sensitivity for the evaluation of aetiologies of obstructive jaundice.
Association of serum magnesium levels with seizure disorder; experience from central India
Authors: Khare Jaideep , Jain Rahul , Bhatnagar Anuvrat , Jindal Sushil 
Published: July 2023

Magnesium is the fourth most abundant cation in the body. It has several functions in the human body including its role as a cofactor for more than 300 enzymatic reactions. Mg is a potential modulator of seizure activity because of its ability to antagonize the excitatory calcium influx through the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor. Low magnesium levels in people with refractory epilepsy can increase the frequency of seizures. Hence in our study we aim to study the association of serum magnesium levels with seizure disorders and compare it with matched controls. In our study 154 adult individuals were included with seizure patients to control ratio of 1:1. Serum Magnesium levels was estimated in all individuals and levels were compared between patients of seizure disorder and healthy controls. Mean serum magnesium level was significantly lower in patients of seizure disorder as compared to controls (p&#60;0.01). We, also observed significantly lower calcium level amongst cases as compared to controls (p&#60;0.05). The mean magnesium level within 24 hours of seizures was 1.47±0.50 mg/dl whereas as the duration since seizures increased, mean magnesium level increased. In our study we found significant association between seizures and serum magnesium levels, as low magnesium has been implicated in refractory seizures which are resistant to anti-epileptic drugs and magnesium supplementation in such patients may result in decrease in number of anti-epileptic drugs and better control of seizures.