bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacology, prevalence in Germany, and analytical data of cyclobutylmethyl‐ and norbornylmethyl‐type synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists
Authors: Pulver Benedikt , Riedel Jan , Schönberger Torsten , Halter Sebastian , Lucas Tobias , Opatz Till , Grafinger Katharina Elisabeth , Scheu Martin , Zschiesche Annette , Pütz Michael , Pützer Klaus , Westphal Folker , Auwärter Volker 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSynthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs) are distributed on the drug market to produce THC‐like effects while evading routine drug testing and legislation. The cyclobutylmethyl (CBM) and norbornylmethyl (NBM) side chain specifically circumvented the German legislation and led to the emergence of exploratory SCRAs in 2019–2021. The NBM SCRAs were detected post‐amendment of the new psychoactive substances act in 2020, which scheduled all CBM SCRAs. All six SCRAs are full agonists at the cannabinoid receptor 1 compared with Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol and CP‐55,940. The CBM SCRAs showed binding affinities of Ki: 29.4–0.65 nm and potencies of EC50: 483–40.1 nm (CBMICA << CBMINACA < CBMeGaClone). The norbornyl derivatives exhibited high affinities (Ki: 1.87–0.25 nm), with indazole being the most affine. Functional activity data confirmed that the indazole derivative tends to be the most potent of all three NBM SCRAs (EC50: 169–1.78 nm). The sterically demanding NBM side chain increased the affinity and activity of almost all core structures. Future studies should be conducted on similarly voluminous side chain moieties. The ‘life cycle’ of all SCRAs on the drug market was less than a year. Notably, Cumyl‐CBMICA was the most prevalent while also having the weakest cannabimimetic properties. Quantification of Cumyl‐CBMICA during peak consumption in late 2019 and early 2020 revealed an increase in the concentration on the herbal material, which, together with forum entries and blog posts, corroborates the low in vitro cannabimimetic properties. Seizure prevalence data indicate that almost all SCRAs continue to be identified in 2022, potentially due to remaining stocks.
Accounting for temporal and individual variation in the estimation of Von Bertalanffy growth curves
Authors: Croll Jasper Cornelis , van Kooten Tobias 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGrowth and growth limitation are important indicators of density dependence and environmental limitation of populations. Estimating individual growth trajectories is therefore an important aspect of understanding and predicting the life history and dynamics of a population. Variation in individual growth trajectories arises due to variation in the environmental factors limiting individual growth. This environmental limitation can vary over time, between cohorts and between individuals within a cohort. For a complete and accurate understanding of individual growth in a population, it is important to include all these sources of variation. So far, statistical models only accounted for a subset of these factors or required an extensive growth history of individuals. Here, we present a novel model describing the growth curves of cohorts in a population. This model is derived from a stochastic form of the Von Bertalanffy growth equation describing individual growth. The model is specifically tailored for use on length‐at‐age data in which the growth trajectory of an individual is unknown and every individual is only measured once. The presented method can also be used if growth limitation differs strongly between age or length classes. We demonstrate the use of the model for length‐at‐age data of North Sea plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) from the last 30 years. Fitting this model to length‐at‐age data can provide new insights in the dynamics of the environmental factors limiting individual growth and provides a useful tool for ecological research and management.
Genotoxic repercussion of high‐intensity radiation (x‐rays) on hospital radiographers
Authors: Kuchi Bhotla Haripriya , Balasubramanian Balamuralikrishnan , Rengasamy Kannan R. R. , Arumugam Vijaya Anand , Alagamuthu Karthick Kumar , Chithravel Vadivalagan , Chaudhary Aditi , Alanazi Amer M. , Pappuswamy Manikantan , Meyyazhagan Arun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRecent technological advances in the medical field have increased the plausibility of exposing humans to high‐intensity wavelength radiations like x‐rays and gamma rays while diagnosing or treating specific medical maladies. These radiations induce nucleotide changes and chromosomal alterations in the exposed population, intentionally or accidentally. A radiological investigation is regularly used in identifying the disease, especially by the technicians working in intensive care units. The current study observes the genetic damages like chromosomal abnormalities (CA) in clinicians who are occupationally exposed to high‐intensity radiations (x‐rays) at their workplaces using universal cytogenetic tools like micronucleus assay (MN), sister chromatid exchange and comet assay. The study was conducted between 100 exposed practitioners from the abdominal scanning, chest scanning, cranial and orthopedic or bone scanning department and age‐matched healthy controls. We observed a slightly higher rate of MN and CA (p < .05) in orthopedic and chest department practitioners than in other departments concerning increasing age and duration of exposure at work. Our results emphasize taking extra precautionary measures in clinical and hospital radiation laboratories to protect the practitioners.
Modeling and simulation of the kinematic behavior of the deployment mechanism of solar array for a 1‐U CubeSat
Authors: Muhammed Lawal Nasir , Ugheoke Benjamin Iyenagbe , Nwachukwu Dorin Onyinye 
Published: December 2022

AbstractKinematics of deployable solar array mechanisms in CubeSat satellites have considerable influence on the stability and attitude control of a satellite, especially in low mass systems as CubeSats. One of the issues with the conventional solar panel deployment mechanisms in CubeSats is the speed of its deployment, especially when position‐lock to hold the panels back from oscillation is lacking. The generated oscillation becomes more pronounced in a system equipped with solar tracking unit and thus, reduces available projected area of the panels and causing fatigue at the yoke and panel hinges. This work aims at modeling and simulation of the 1‐U CubeSat solar panel deployment mechanism vibration control using fisher wire. Two‐fold panel deployment mechanism with a rolling sun‐tracking tilt mechanism was developed. The system performance from viewpoint of vibration analysis was evaluated using mass‐spring‐damper method and bond graph techniques. Numerical simulations and experiments were performed to validate the proposed method. The modeling and computational analysis were done with SOLIDWORKS software. The system was tested for vibration and stability using the seismic mass‐spring‐and‐damper arrangement to validate the model. A 3‐D printing was generated and tested to evaluate its vibration performance and its effects during deployment. The result was such that the two panels attached to a wing hinged at Y – and – Y directions deployed slowly and smoothly at approximately 2 s, giving room for the vibration to decay exponentially towards zero. This agrees with reported works where a DC motor was used to control speed of deployment by increasing time to 6.8 s. The simulated and experimental results of the printed model showed close agreement with the theoretical values with an error of 0.03% in energy supply reliability and up to 400% power generation potential when compared to body mounted solar panels with the same satellite specification without a significant impact on system strength and stability.
Adaptive intelligent hybrid energy management strategy for electric vehicles
Authors: Vishnu Sidharthan P. , Kashyap Yashwant , Castelino Roystan Vijay 
Published: December 2022

AbstractElectric vehicles (EVs) utilizing hybrid energy sources is a significant step toward a sustainable future in the transportation industry. The electric three‐wheeler (3W) considered in the proposed work includes three sources—battery, supercapacitor (SC), and photo‐voltaic (PV) panels. In battery electric vehicles (BEV), battery life cycle, energy efficiency, and performance are affected by variations in driving conditions that inhibit their wider adoption. The main focus of the proposed intelligent hybrid energy management strategy (IHEMS) is to enable the vehicle to adaptively manage and diminish the effects of load fluctuations due to varying conditions. IHEMS diverts the load fluctuations to the SC bank by ensuring an effective absolute energy sharing among the sources with a fuzzy logic control algorithm. PV energy is utilized to assist the battery during sunny days. Performance of the EMS in hybrid source EV is analyzed in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment with a combination of three different standard real‐time driving profiles (NYCC, Artemis Urban, WLTP class‐1). Proposed EMS reduces peak battery power by 20% and 14.35% and improves battery life by 16.4% and 11.4% compared to BEV and conventional EMS, respectively. This proves that the proposed EMS exhibits adaptive energy management irrespective of the driving conditions and ensures improved battery performance and longevity.
Assessing a potential site for offshore CO2 storage in the Weixinan Sag in the northwestern Beibu Gulf Basin, northern South China Sea
Authors: Xie Jian , Gou Xiaofeng , Guo Jian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGeologic carbon storage (GCS) activities, especially offshore, are still far insufficient worldwide. Sedimentary basins in the northern South China Sea (nSCS) are identified to be favorable to offshore GCS deployment. This study investigates by numerical reservoir simulations the performance of the Weixinan Sag in the northern depression of the Beibu Gulf Basin (BGB), which is considered the most promising area for CO2 offshore GCS in saline formations. Simulations of CO2 injection at a potential site with a normal fault indicate that the pressure buildup induced by CO2 horizontal injection could penetrate extremely low‐permeability faults or caprock formations. The CO2 plumes under higher injection pressures are more constrained in the horizontal direction and hence appear thicker while CO2 tends to spread out horizontally in conditions of low pressure. The impermeable fault renders the CO2 plume about 200 m smaller in size horizontally. Assuming the presence of a fault with a highly permeable core causes leakage to occur after about 30 years of injection, which accounts for only 0.04% the injected amount. For the vertical‐well injection case, the potential CO2 leakage only accounts for around 0.28% of the injection amount, which is far less than the criterion (i.e., 2%) required to make GCS worthwhile. The storage capacities of the formations are mainly controlled by the depths and thicknesses since both their porosities and permeabilities are comparable. The formation Jiaowei‐2 and Xiayang have the largest and second largest storage capacities, respectively, when using a fully perforated well for vertical injection. The average storage capacity of the studied site is 13.04 kg m−3, which is comparable to that of the formation Xiayang. Average injectivities of formations Jiaowei‐2, Xiayang, Weizhou‐1, and Weizhou‐3 are 8.29 × 10−5, 1.75 × 10−4, 6.58 × 10−5, and 2.99 × 10−3 kg s−1 Pa−1, respectively. © 2022 The Authors. Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology published by Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Malnutrition universal screening tool predicts postoperative complications following major head and neck cancer surgery
Authors: Leonard James A. , Hayden Jamil A. , Tripuraneni Priyanka S. , Maxwell Jessica H. , Giurintano Jonathan P. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundHead and neck cancer patients are at risk for malnutrition, which can impact postoperative outcomes. This study evaluates the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) to predict outcomes in major head and neck surgeries.MethodsA retrospective chart review included 275 major surgical procedures performed on 242 patients over the age of 18 years between May 2015 and May 2020.ResultsThe majority of patients had a MUST score of zero (68.7%). Just under 17% scored 2 or greater indicating malnourishment. Having a MUST score of 2 or higher was associated with occurrence of a postoperative complication (p < 0.001). Patients with alcohol use disorder or depression were 5.2 (CI: 2.0–13.7, p = 0.001) and 2.75 (CI 1.1–7.0; p = 0.033) times more likely to develop a postoperative complication, respectively.ConclusionsMalnutrition and comorbidities were associated with complications in our surgical cohort. MUST is a novel tool to identify patients who may benefit from nutritional interventions.
Nursing practice environment and missed care at highly specialised hospitals in Mexico: A cross‐sectional observational study
Authors: Zárate‐Grajales Rosa A. , Benítez‐Chavira Luis A. , Hernández‐Corral Sandra , Serván‐Mori Edson , Nigenda Gustavo , Amaya‐Aguilar Jorge A. , Interial‐Gúzman Ma. Guadalupe , Fabián‐Victoriano Rosy , López‐Cruz Ernestina A. , Ortíz‐López Gloria , Moreno‐Monsiváis Ma. Guadalupe 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe influence of the work environment on missed care and service quality has been well documented. However, available evidence concerning this relationship comes mostly from developed countries. Few studies have been conducted in low‐ or middle‐income countries. We assessed the relationship between the work environment and missed nursing care in highly specialised hospitals in Mexico.MethodsWe conducted an observational cross‐sectional study with data collected from January 2019 to February 2020 in 11 highly specialised hospitals (n = 510 nurses). We estimated missed nursing care utilising the MISSCARE questionnaire and used the Practice Environment Scale‐Nursing Work Index instrument to assess the work environment. After describing the main attributes of the study sample according to the type of work environment, we constructed five adjusted fractional regression models, the first concerning the overall index of missed care, and the others pertaining to its various dimensions.ResultsThe sample analysed was balanced as regards adjustment variables according to the type of work environment. The adjusted estimates confirmed an inverse relationship between the missed care index and enjoying an enhanced, or favourable, work environment. Overall, the difference was 9 percentage points (pp); however, by dimension of missed care, the major differences between enhanced and attenuated, or unfavourable, work environments were registered for basic care, followed by patient education and discharge planning (4pp) and individual needs (8pp).ConclusionsThe work environment determines the frequency of missed nursing care, both overall and by dimension. Nursing managers need to create short‐ and mid‐term strategies favouring positive work environments in order to improve working conditions for nursing professionals.
A comprehensive investigation of histotype‐specific microRNA and their variants in Stage I epithelial ovarian cancers
Authors: Velle Angelo , Pesenti Chiara , Grassi Tommaso , Beltrame Luca , Martini Paolo , Jaconi Marta , Agostinis Federico , Calura Enrica , Katsaros Dionyssios , Borella Fulvio , Fruscio Robert , D'Incalci Maurizio , Marchini Sergio , Romualdi Chiara 
Published: December 2022

AbstractisomiRs, the sequence‐variants of microRNA, are known to be tissue and cell type specific but their physiological role is largely unknown. In our study, we explored for the first time the expression of isomiRs across different Stage I epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) histological subtypes, in order to shed new light on their biological role in tumor growth and progression. In a multicentric retrospective cohort of tumor biopsies (n = 215) we sequenced small RNAs finding 971 expressed miRNAs, 64% of which are isomiRs. Among them, 42 isomiRs showed a clear histotype specific pattern, confirming our previously identified miRNA markers (miR192/194 and miR30a‐3p/5p for mucinous and clear cell subtypes, respectively) and uncovering new biomarkers for all the five subtypes. Using integrative models, we found that the 38% of these miRNA expression alterations is the result of copy number variations while the 17% of differential transcriptional activities. Our work represents the first attempt to characterize isomiRs expression in Stage I EOC within and across subtypes and to contextualize their alterations in the framework of the large genomic heterogeneity of this tumor.
Indigenous communities in Colombia: A cultural and holistic view of cancer management
Authors: Zambrano Harvey Angela , Bonilla‐Escobar Francisco Javier , Hidalgo Alejandra , Parra‐Lara Luis Gabriel , Mendoza‐Urbano Diana Marcela , Zapata Izquierdo Zeynara , Pacichana Quinayáz Sara Gabriela 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCancer is one of the most burdening global health challenges. Indigenous communities are at high risk for worse healthcare outcomes because of inequalities in the incidence, prevalence, and mortality of oncological diseases, that arise from socioeconomic, racial, cultural, religious beliefs, and ethnic factors. Their perception about themselves is closely related to what affects their territory, making them possess a profound rooted feeling with their surroundings, and intense spiritual believes. Consequently, the disease process is linked to physical and emotional imbalances and alterations in their territory. Researchers from the United States, Canada, New Zealand, and Australia have worked diligently to learn about barriers to cancer management among these populations. Unfortunately, robust cancer data is lacking for most of the world's Indigenous, leading to obstacles in information systems and consequently, inequities in healthcare with the perpetuation of the problem. Therefore, a better understanding of cancer as a global health problem is required. Our study aims to propose a holistic and culturally adapted framework to improve cancer health services and outcomes among Indigenous peoples in Colombia.
A high‐performance cell‐phone based polarized microscope for malaria diagnosis
Authors: Yu Zhenfang , Li Yunfei , Deng Lin , Luo Bing , Wu Pinghui , Geng Dongxian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe present a cell‐phone based polarized microscope for diagnosing malaria through hemozoin recognition over a wide field‐of‐view (FOV) accompanied with decent image performance. The system is constructed based on attachment method using a lens assembly as objective, two mobile phones and two linear polarizers. A ~0.92 μm resolution across a FOV of ~3.27 mm × 3.27 mm with high imaging quality is realized, demonstrating an increased resolving power, four times improvement in FOV and better imaging quality over mobile‐optical‐polarization imaging device. Importantly, we also demonstrate it has capability of recognizing hemozoin within the sample for malaria diagnosis by imaging malaria‐infected blood samples with similar sensitivity comparable to Leica microscopy. It is more compact, portable, and insensitive to alignment, making it highly suitable for malaria detection in a portable, easy to setup and use way in low‐resource areas.
Menopause‐Related Changes in Body Composition Are Associated With Subsequent Bone Mineral Density and Fractures: Study of Women's Health Across the Nation
Authors: Shieh Albert , Karlamangla Arun S. , Karvonen‐Guttierez Carrie A. , Greendale Gail A. 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTDuring the menopause transition (MT), lean mass decreases and fat mass increases. We examined the associations of these body composition changes during the MT (2 years before to 2 years after the final menstrual period) with bone mineral density (BMD) at the end of the MT and fracture after the MT. We included 539 participants from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation who were not taking bone‐beneficial or bone‐detrimental medications before or during the MT. Using multivariable linear regression, we assessed the independent associations of % lean mass loss and % fat mass gain during the MT (mutually adjusted) with femoral neck (FN) and lumbar spine (LS) BMD at the end of the MT, adjusted for pre‐MT BMD, pre‐MT lean and fat mass, race/ethnicity, Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) study site, age, and cigarette use. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to quantify the relations of % lean loss and % fat gain during the MT with fracture after the MT. The Cox model was adjusted for the covariates above plus post‐MT use of bone‐detrimental medications, and censored at the first use of bone‐beneficial medications; we further controlled for FN or LS BMD at the end of the MT. Adjusted for covariates, each standard deviation (SD) (6.9%) increment in lean mass loss was associated with 0.010 g/cm2 lower FN BMD (p < 0.0001); each SD (19.9%) increment in fat mass gain was related to 0.026 g/cm2 greater FN (p = 0.009) and LS (p = 0.03) BMD. Each SD increment in lean mass loss and fat mass gain was associated with 63% (p = 0.001) and 28% (p = 0.05) greater fracture hazard after the MT; associations were essentially unchanged by BMD adjustment. MT‐related lean mass loss and fat mass gain were associated differentially with BMD; both were independently related to more fractures. Mitigating MT‐related body composition changes may reduce fracture risk. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Productivity, risk, and expected stock returns
Authors: Taussig Roi D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study suggests a new measure of productivity for production factors. Adjustment costs for capital‐intensive firms are higher than for labor‐intensive firms (the differences are systematic). Therefore, higher changes in capital relative to labor will induce higher risk. The capital/labor ratio has been studied extensively. However, the new measure is based on other items, which facilitate the marginal changes in capital and labor, rather than quantities. When the elasticity of capital to labor (ECL) is higher, stock returns are significantly higher as well. This is true both statistically and economically.