bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Life‐history traits govern the habitat use of diverse amphibian assemblages in an agroforest landscape matrix
Authors: Sankararaman V. , Miller D. A. W. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAgroforests are increasingly seen as ancillary conservation landscapes that effectively integrate production needs while sustaining biodiversity goals. The conservation potential of these land uses can be significantly improved by using evidence‐based management practices. In this study, we examine the community assembly of anuran amphibians and identify vulnerable species based on their life‐history traits across tea and coffee agroforests and non‐agricultural forest fragments in the Anamalai Hills of India. We conducted visual and auditory encounter surveys for amphibians along streams and terrestrial habitats. A modified joint species distribution model was used to examine the drivers of species richness, community composition and species co‐occurrence patterns. At the community level, mean species richness was greatest in forest fragments followed by coffee and least in tea agroforests. Community composition was associated with both land use (tea/coffee/forest) and habitat (stream/terrestrial), with the greatest composition difference between coffee and forest. Life‐history traits were significant drivers of species occupancies, particularly in forests. Fast‐flowing water breeding amphibians and smaller body sizes were positively associated with forest streams over coffee and tea streams. Elevation was a strong predictor of amphibian occupancy with nine species showing negative association and 14 species showing positive association. Twelve species also showed a significant positive association with the wetter year, seven of which belonged to direct‐developing frogs. This suggests that even single‐year declines in rainfall could have detrimental effects on populations and make these species vulnerable to climate change. The results of the study have important conservation consequences for agroforests in the Western Ghats. Stream restoration efforts across elevation gradients could significantly improve habitats for different amphibian assemblages in agroforests.
Secondary alopecia induced by aesthetic procedures: An unrecognized potential complication
Authors: Barrera‐Ochoa Carlos A. , Alonso‐León María Teresa , Arenas Roberto , Vega‐Memjie Maria Elisa , Asz‐Sigall Daniel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSurgical facelifts and noninvasive techniques such as mesotherapy, hyaluronic fillers and botulinum toxin, among other procedures are widely used nowadays to reverse skin ageing and achieve rejuvenation effects. Secondary alopecia due to cosmetic procedures is a rare side effect and is poorly described in the literature. The mechanisms in which hair loss develops after an aesthetical procedure or surgical technique are not well known. The development of secondary scarring alopecia or non‐scarring alopecia depends upon the interaction between different external factors, the individual host response and the extent of damage to the hair follicle anatomy. Current knowledge hints at the type of substance used, pressure to hair structures and vasculature due to the materials used, previously unknown or unaware hair disorder, and poor surgical techniques to be the main factors contributing to the development of secondary alopecia. Physicians and patients must be aware of all the substances used for the procedures and be attentive to any change in hair density or hair loss. Clinicians must have a low threshold to take biopsies if the risk of scarring alopecia may occur. Herein, we review the clinical, trichoscopic, histopathological findings and potential pathophysiological mechanisms of hair loss due to different aesthetic procedures.
Multifactorial causes of chronic itch in diabetes: More than just neuropathy
Authors: Pérez Buenfil Luis Angel , Fortier Julia , Almeda‐Valdes Paloma , Güereca Olguín Diana Cecilia , Mena‐Hernández Lourdes , Corona‐Hernández María de los Ángeles , Lima‐Galindo Anabell Andrea , Barbosa Bibiana , Sánchez‐Gomez Josué Ernesto , Hernández Amparo , Domínguez‐Cherit Judith , Valdés‐Rodríguez Rodrigo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundChronic pruritus is common in patients with diabetes though its pathophysiology is unknown and difficult to pinpoint given the multi‐system manifestations of diabetes. Herein, we aim to evaluate the severity of chronic itch in patients with diabetes and its association with glycaemic control, microvascular complications and quality of life.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of 105 adults with diabetes evaluated by a dermatologist at a tertiary care centre in Mexico City. Degree of chronic pruritus and its impact on quality of life as well as laboratory, clinical and demographic data were collected. Patients without chronic pruritus (n = 62) were compared to those with chronic pruritus (n = 43). The latter cohort was further stratified by itch severity, and characteristics of their itch were quantified.ResultsNeuropathy and loss of protective sensation were more common in patients with chronic pruritus, compared to those without chronic pruritus (p = 0.007 and p = 0.001, respectively). Anxiety and depression were more common in individuals with chronic pruritus (p = 0.009), and these group reported higher effect of pruritus on their quality of life (p < 0.0001). The most common sites of itch were the head, back and arms. Among patients with chronic itch, increasing itch severity was associated with decreasing eGFR (p = 0.080).ConclusionsThe underlying cause of chronic itch in patients with diabetes is likely multifactorial and owing to microvascular complications such as neuropathy and nephropathy. Better understanding of the causes of itch in these patients can allow for more targeted treatment, leading to improved quality of life.
Day surgery for endometriosis in Canada: A retrospective cohort of trend and regional variation in types of surgeries and their complications
Authors: Bahrami Foruzan , Maheux‐Lacroix Sarah , Bougie Olga , Boutin Amélie 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundA significant proportion of patients with endometriosis require surgery for management of the disease.AimsWe aimed to assess the trend and regional variation in day surgeries for endometriosis across Canada and to identify perioperative complications associated with types of surgeries and their temporal trend and regional variation.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of women undergoing day surgeries for endometriosis between 2015 and 2019 using Canadian administrative data from the National Ambulatory Care Reporting System, which includes data from four provinces (Ontario (ON), Alberta (AB), Nova Scotia (NS) and Prince Edward Island (PEI)). Multivariate logistic regression models were used to compare perioperative complication rates, while adjusting for site(s) of endometriosis lesion, age, type of surgical intervention, and comorbidities.ResultsDuring the study period, the rate of day surgeries for endometriosis remained nearly constant at 80–90 cases per 100 000 women of reproductive age (P = 0.12). The rate of day surgeries was significantly different between provinces (AB = 94, NS = 93 vs ON = 85 per 100 000 women of reproductive age: P < 0.02).The odds of complications decreased with time (2019 vs 2015; adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 0.84; 95% CI: 0.73–0.98). There was a significant regional variation in the frequency of perioperative complications (PEI vs ON aOR: 4.13, 95% CI: 2.58–6.62; and NS vs ON aOR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.11–1.95).ConclusionThe rates of day surgery for endometriosis remained stable and the risks of perioperative complications decreased during the five‐year study period. However, there were significant regional variations in the risk of perioperative complications.
Right posterior bile duct stricture after laparoscopic anterior sectionectomy with long right bile duct: A case report
Authors: Hori Yuya , Ueno Masaki , Miyamoto Atsushi , Hayami Shinya , Okada Ken‐ichi , Kitahata Yuji , Kawai Manabu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRight anterior liver sectionectomy (RAS) is a complicated procedure with high incidences of postoperative complications. We report a case of right posterior bile duct (RPBD) stricture after laparoscopic RAS with discussion of the anatomical aspects. A 69‐year‐old Japanese man had solitary colorectal liver metastasis. A tumor was located near the root of the right anterior Glissonean pedicle. On postoperative day 6, he had cholangitis and imaging studies showed RPBD stricture. Symptoms disappeared following a course of antibiotics and the patient was discharged on postoperative day 21. The RBPD anatomy type of this patient was a supra‐portal pattern with a long (18 mm) right biliary duct, which would be close to the right anterior Glissonean bifurcation. A stapling device might have caused its deformation and resulted in its stricture. As the RPBD has variant anatomy, we had to notice that there may be hazardous types for postoperative RPBD stricture.
Structural and taxonomic diversity predict above‐ground biomass better than functional measures of maximum height in mixed‐species forests
Authors: Mensah Sylvanus , Noulèkoun Florent , Salako Valère K. , Lokossou Christa S. M. J. , Akouété Pathmos , Seifert Thomas , Glèlè Kakaï Romain 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAims:Mixed‐species forests are known to be highly productive systems because of their high species diversity, including taxonomic diversity (species richness) and structural diversity. Recent empirical evidence also points to plant maximum height, as a functional trait that potentially drives forest above‐ground biomass (AGB). However, the interrelations between these biotic variables are complex, and it is not always predictable if structural diversity attributes or functional metrics of plant maximum height would act as the most important determinant of stand biomass. Here we evaluated the relative importance of structural diversity attributes and functional metrics of plant maximum height (Hmax) in predicting and mediating AGB response to variation in species richness in mixed‐species forests, while also accounting for fine‐scale environmental variation.Location:Northern Benin.Methods:We used forest inventory data from mixed‐species stands of native and exotic species. We quantified structural diversity as coefficient of variation of tree diameter at breast height (CVdbh) and of height (CVHt). For plant Hmax, we computed three metrics: functional range (FRHmax), functional divergence (FDHmax) and community‐weighted mean (CWMHmax). We used topographical variables such as elevation and slope to account for possible environmental effects. Simple and multiple mixed‐effects models, and structural equation models were performed to assess the direct and indirect links of AGB with species richness through structural diversity attributes and functional metrics of plant Hmax.Results:Species richness and CVdbh were positively related to AGB, while functional metrics of plant Hmax were not. Structural equation models revealed that species richness influenced AGB indirectly via CVdbh, which alone strongly promoted AGB. Elevation only had a positive direct effect on AGB. While increasing species richness enhanced CVdbh and functional measures of plant Hmax, there was no support for the latter mediating the effects of species richness on AGB.Conclusion:Structural diversity has a significant advantage in predicting and mediating the positive effect of species richness on AGB more so than functional measures of plant Hmax. We argue that structural diversity acts as a mechanism for the species richness–AGB relationship, and that maintaining high structural diversity would enhance biomass in mixed‐species forests.
Probucol treatment after traumatic brain injury activates BDNF/TrkB pathway, promotes neuroregeneration and ameliorates functional deficits in mice
Authors: Chen Chen‐Mei , Gung Pei‐Yu , Ho Yen‐Chun , Hamdin Candra D. , Yet Shaw‐Fang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, yet pharmacotherapies for TBI are currently lacking. Neuroregeneration is important in brain repair and functional recovery. In this study, probucol, a cholesterol‐lowering drug with established safety profiles, was examined for its therapeutic effects and neuroregenerative actions in TBI.Experimental ApproachMale mice were subjected to the controlled cortical impact model of TBI, followed by daily administration of probucol. Neurological and cognitive functions were evaluated. Histological analyses of the neocortex and hippocampus were performed to detect the lesion, dendritic degeneration (microtubule‐associated protein 2), synaptic density (synaptophysin), neurogenesis (doublecortin), brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) activation. Involvement of BDNF/TrkB pathway in probucol‐mediated effects was examined in primary cultures of cortical neurons.Key ResultsProbucol reduced brain lesion volume, enhanced the recovery of body symmetry, improved motor function and attenuated memory dysfunction after TBI. Meanwhile, probucol promoted post‐injury dendritic growth and synaptogenesis and increased hippocampal proliferating neuronal progenitor cells, along with the formation as well as the survival of newborn neurons. Moreover, probucol enhances BDNF expression and TrkB activation. In vitro, probucol promoted neurite outgrowth, which was inhibited by a selective TrkB antagonist ANA‐12.Conclusions and ImplicationsProbucol enhanced functional restoration and ameliorated cognitive impairment after TBI by promoting post‐injury neuronal remodelling and neurogenesis. Increased activation of BDNF/TrkB pathway by probucol, at least in part, contributed to the neuroregenerative effects of probucol. Together, it may be promising to repurpose probucol for TBI.
Ubiquitin‐specific peptidase 24 accelerates aerobic glycolysis and tumor progression in gastric carcinoma through stabilizing PLK1 to activate NOTCH1
Authors: Zhi Xiaofei , Jiang Song , Zhang Jiaxuan , Qin Jun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUbiquitin‐specific peptidase 24 (USP24), a member of the deubiquitinase family, plays an important role in tumor regulation. However, the role of USP24 in gastric cancer (GC) is unknown. The aim of our study was to explore the role of USP24 in GC to seek new therapeutic targets for GC. TCGA analysis showed that USP24 was upregulated in GC patients, and its high expression levels were associated with poor prognosis. It was found that overexpressed USP24 promoted GC cell proliferation and abnormal glycolysis. Further analysis and study showed that USP24 could promote the stability and increase the expression of oncogene PLK1. Knocking down USP24 can reduce the stability of PLK1 to reduce Notch 1 activity, thus inhibiting GC glycolysis, proliferation, and other processes and alleviating tumor progression. Knocking down USP24 can inhibit GC progression. In conclusion, USP24 was upregulated in GC and promoted the growth and glycolysis of GC cells, the mechanism of which was related to the deubiquitination of PLK1 and the increase of its stability. Silencing USP24 inhibited the GC process. This study suggests that the USP24/PLK1/Notch 1 axis may be a novel therapeutic target for gastric cancer.
Acute pharmacodynamic responses to exenatide: Drug‐induced increases in insulin secretion and glucose effectiveness
Authors: Taylor Simeon I. , Montasser May E. , Yuen Ashley H. , Fan Hubert , Yazdi Zhinoosossadat Shahidzadeh , Whitlatch Hilary B. , Mitchell Braxton D. , Shuldiner Alan R. , Muniyappa Ranganath , Streeten Elizabeth A. , Beitelshees Amber L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimGlucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists provide multiple benefits to patients with type 2 diabetes, including improved glycaemic control, weight loss and decreased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events. Because drug responses vary among individuals, we initiated investigations to identify genetic variants associated with the magnitude of drug responses.MethodsExenatide (5 μg, subcutaneously) or saline (0.2 ml, subcutaneously) was administered to 62 healthy volunteers. Frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance tests were conducted to assess the impact of exenatide on insulin secretion and insulin action. This pilot study was a crossover design in which participants received exenatide and saline in random order.ResultsExenatide increased first phase insulin secretion 1.9‐fold (p = 1.9 × 10−9) and accelerated the rate of glucose disappearance 2.4‐fold (p = 2 × 10−10). Minimal model analysis showed that exenatide increased glucose effectiveness (Sg) by 32% (p = .0008) but did not significantly affect insulin sensitivity (Si). The exenatide‐induced increase in insulin secretion made the largest contribution to interindividual variation in exenatide‐induced acceleration of glucose disappearance while interindividual variation in the drug effect on Sg contributed to a lesser extent (β = 0.58 or 0.27, respectively).ConclusionsThis pilot study provides validation for the value of a frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (including minimal model analysis) to provide primary data for our ongoing pharmacogenomic study of pharmacodynamic effects of semaglutide (NCT05071898). Three endpoints provide quantitative assessments of the effects of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists on glucose metabolism: first phase insulin secretion, glucose disappearance rates and glucose effectiveness.
Green central banking under high inflation—more of a need than an option: An analytical exposition for Turkey
Authors: Ünüvar Burcu , Yeldan A. Erinç 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMotivationCalls for a green monetary policy are intensifying as the climate crisis deepens. Although the leading central banks of low‐inflation countries are the spokesmodels of this discussion, considerations of green central banking under high inflation continue to lag. The motivation of this article is to contribute to this process with a working example from Turkey—an economy under severe inflationary pressure.PurposeOur first objective is to document the risks associated with climate change for the Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey (CBRT) in terms of its main mandate of price stability and to provide evidence to pursue green policies. We next examine the feasibility of a green monetary design under high inflation.Methods and approachWe scrutinize the duties and responsibilities of the CBRT as set by law and set out the armoury it would have at its disposal in pursuing a green monetary policy. Exhibiting climate change‐related risks to its mandate(s), we find one climate policy‐related and two mandate‐related reasons for the CBRT to go green, matching them with robust green instruments.FindingsAdopting a green monetary policy has the potential to improve the CBRT's ability to reach its objective of price stability. Indicating that green central banking in a high‐inflation country is more of a need than an option, we also document that greening of the monetary policy does not necessarily conflict with the broad mandates of inflation targeting and financial stability.Policy implicationsEvidence from Turkey supports the greening of the CBRT. This call is both feasible in terms of its capabilities and critical as regards fulfilling the mandate. Furthermore, by exposing carbon bias in the country's loan portfolio, our findings support aligning monetary policy with emissions‐abatement instruments, thus contributing to the overall design of Turkey's climate policies.
Transformative grief
Authors: Markovic Jelena 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper argues that grieving a profound loss is a transformative experience, specifically an unchosen transformative experience, understood as an event‐based transformation not chosen by the agent. Grief transforms the self (i) cognitively, by forcing the agent to alter a large set of beliefs and desires, (ii) phenomenologically, by altering their experience in a diffuse or global manner, (iii) normatively, by requiring the agent to revise their practical identity, and (iv) existentially, by confronting the agent with a structuring condition of their life. Grief is a disruption to one's identity that an agent addresses by making sense of the world after the loss, remaking the practical significance of various situations in their lives through their activity. Transformative grief is both an “activity” and a “revelation” (Callard, 2020): Some parts of the grieving process are active (the agent must actively work to become a new kind of person), while others are irreducibly passive (the agent passively undergoes them).
Effect of calcium hypochlorite and sodium thiosulfate on the bond strength to pulp chamber dentin: A laboratory investigation
Authors: Pauletto Guilherme , Carlotto Israel Bangel , da Rosa Lucas Saldanha , Daudt Natália de Freitas , Pereira Gabriel Kalil Rocha , Bier Carlos Alexandre Souza 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to compare the effect of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and calcium hypochlorite [Ca(OCl)2] on the bond strength to pulp chamber dentin when followed or not by the use of sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3). The pulp chamber of fifty human molars were divided into five groups (n = 10) according to the immersion protocol: 2.5% NaOCl; 2.5% NaOCl + 5% Na2S2O3; 2.5% Ca(OCl)2; 2.5% Ca(OCl)2 + 5% Na2S2O3; and 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl; control). Subsequently, the samples were restored with resin composite. Three sticks each were obtained and subjected to microtensile testing. SEM/EDS analyses of the pulp chamber roof (n = 8) were carried out for mineral quantification. Elemental analysis data were investigated via one‐way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc, and bond strength data by post hoc pairwise comparisons using the Kruskal–Wallis test. Use of 2.5% NaOCl was associated with the lowest value of bond strength, while 2.5% Ca(OCl)2 had similar bond strength to that of the 0.9% NaCl control. Using 5% Na2S2O3 was able to increase the bond strength after 2.5% NaOCl, but not after 2.5% Ca(OCl)2. The group treated only with 2.5% Ca(OCl)2 had a higher Ca/P ratio on the dentin surface. Dentin treated with Ca(OCl)2 was not affected by Na2S2O3 and showed bond strength similar to the 0.9% NaCl.