bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overview of imaging used to guide management for prostate and bladder malignancy
Authors: Jafarieh Sarah , Vishwanath Veena , Rembielak Agata 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article aims to present updates and review current practise on the main imaging modalities used in diagnosis of bladder and prostate cancer and provide this to readers. Patients diagnosed with or having treatment for a urological cancer are a huge part of any urological nurses' rota or clinical responsibilities, particularly now in an era of ever changing and improving diagnosis and management options. In this manuscript a practical overview of imaging is given to influence a fuller understanding of therapeutic management in prostate and bladder malignancies. For the purpose of this article there is only a focus on imaging in terms of diagnosis and staging purposes. It is hoped that detailed use of imaging in radiotherapy and brachytherapy for planning and treatment verification will be the subject of a separate paper but, for now, it is briefly mentioned for readers that may be less familiar with radiation oncology. Discussion and overview of imaging modalities used in the diagnosis of prostate and bladder cancer will improve understanding for urology nurses, especially junior career nurses.
Irritability: A concept analysis
Authors: Saatchi Babak , Olshansky Ellen F. , Fortier Michelle A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIrritability is a term used to describe feelings of anger, annoyance and impatience, and is commonly experienced by individuals in daily life. However, there are diverse conceptualizations of irritability in public and clinical research, which often result in confusing irritability with anger and other overlapping concepts. This, in turn, leads to a lack of conceptual clarity. Accordingly, the purpose of this concept analysis was to explore the irritability concept, including its definitions, defining characteristics, antecedents, consequences and empirical referents. The findings showed that irritability is predominantly conceptualized as a psychophysiological concept in the literature. We demonstrated that irritability can be differentiated from overlapping concepts like anger by qualities, such as ‘unpredictability and lowered emotion control’, ‘lowered threshold for negative emotional stimuli’, ‘being manifested in response to frustrative situations or physiological needs’ and ‘experience of disproportionate and unjustified emotional irritation’. Importantly, severe irritability prospectively predicts psychiatric disorders and greater impairments in health, financial, educational and social functioning in individuals. Taken together, our analysis showed that one should take into account the context, duration, intensity and importantly outcomes, when assessing irritability in an individual. Considering these findings and the presence of irritability in nursing practice, it is crucial for nurses to recognize and successfully identify this concept in the nursing care they provide within the diverse settings and patient populations.
Quantifying and explaining the decline in public schoolteacher retirement benefits
Authors: Abashidze Nino , Clark Robert L. , Craig Lee A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe estimate that, between 2000 and 2020, the average initial monthly retirement benefit for teachers retiring with 30 years of service has been reduced by 11.2%, though the decline in benefits varies substantially across the states (the median reduction in the initial benefit was 1.9%). We also find that plans covering only teachers, and plans in which teachers are not in Social Security, have made smaller reductions in the generosity of their pension benefits.
Impact of anxiety and confidence in virtual reality‐mediated learning transferred to hands‐on tasks
Authors: Wang Wei‐Sheng , Cheng Yu‐Ping , Lee Hsin‐Yu , Lin Chia‐Ju , Huang Yueh‐Min 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundBenefited from advances in technology, virtual reality (VR) has been widely applied to learning content in operational training as well as hands‐on courses. However, most current studies tend to evaluate learning effectiveness in this application, and few were focused on how learners can be benefited from transferring the knowledge learned to real‐world field performance. Moreover, in application‐oriented hands‐on courses such as embedded electronic circuits, to our best knowledge, none were presented in interactive learning materials with the combination of VR and neither were the understanding of the changes in cognition, learning anxiety, and learning confidence during the learning process.Method and ObjectiveWe combine VR technology with hands‐on tasks to design a VR‐based embedded electronic circuit learning system. We conduct a quasi‐experiment to investigate differences in knowledge, comprehension, and application levels in different learning environments, and to assess learning performance, learning anxiety, and learning confidence levels when applying the knowledge learned to real‐world hands‐on tasks.ResultsGroups that receive VR‐mediated training exhibit superior knowledge, comprehension, and application levels. In addition, learners with higher levels of knowledge and application exhibit lower learning anxiety and higher learning confidence during practical application tasks.ConclusionsWe investigate the learning outcomes of learners on practical hands‐on tasks after VR‐mediated learning. To improve the learning experience and performance for learners in an embedded electronic circuit course, we discuss the learning performance in terms of the knowledge and concepts learned in the VR environment and transferred to the real world. The results show that learners achieve better cognitive levels in the learning process through the VR system described here. Better performance on hands‐on tasks was also obtained as well as low anxiety and high confidence levels.
Parental insightfulness is associated with mother–father–child interactions among families of preschoolers with an Autism Spectrum Disorder diagnosis
Authors: Oppenheim David , Koren‐Karie Nina , Hamburger Lior , Maccabi Yael , Slonim Michal , Yirmiya Nurit 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundParental insightfulness underlies parental sensitive behavior and is associated with secure attachment among Typically Developing (TD) children and also among children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Moving beyond the parent–child dyad, a study of TD children and their parents linked mothers' and fathers' combined insightfulness to triadic interactions. The goal of the current study was to examine this association in families with children with ASD. The hypothesis was that the interactions in families in which both parents are insightful will be more cooperative than in families in which only one or neither parent was insightful.MethodsEighty preschooler boys with ASD and both of their parents participated in the study. Parental insightfulness was assessed employing the Insightfulness Assessment (IA) and mother–father–child interactions were observed and coded employing the Lausanne Triadic Play (LTP) procedure.ResultsAs expected, families in which both parents were insightful displayed higher parental coordinated support in the LTP than families in which one or neither parent was insightful, controlling for children's IQ and severity of symptoms. Children's engagement with their parents was associated with their IQ and severity of symptoms but not with parental insightfulness.ConclusionsThe importance of considering paternal, in addition to maternal insightfulness as a foundation for parental coordinated support in family interactions, is discussed, as well as the contribution of the LTP in assessing family interactions with children diagnosed with ASD.
Re‐estimation of juvenile Isurus oxyrinchus growth in the Mexican Pacific through a multimodel inference approach and verification of growth band periodicity
Authors: Rodríguez‐Madrigal José Alberto , Tovar‐Ávila Javier , Castillo‐Geniz José Leonardo , Godínez‐Padilla Carlos Javier , Márquez‐Farías J Fernando , Corro‐Espinosa David 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAn update of the age and growth for juveniles of the short fin mako shark (I. oxyrinchus) from the Mexican Pacific is presented, based on the analysis of growth band counts from dorsal vertebrae of 198 individuals [110 females, 74–231 cm of total length (TL) and 88 males, 72–231 cm TL) caught during 2008–2018. New available information on vertebral growth band periodicity (biannual deposition in juveniles) and the convenience of using vertebrae form the dorsal region over the cervical region to count growth bands, as well as a multimodel approach, were used. The von Bertalanffy (VB) growth model, Gompertz, logistic and two parameters of VB (2‐VB) were fitted to the length‐at‐age. Only ages ≤6 years were used for the fitting of the models and their performance was compared with the small‐sample bias‐corrected form of the Akaike information criterion (AICc), their differences ( and weights (). Following a multimodel inference approach, the model averaged asymptotic length (), length‐at‐age 0 () and their unconditional standard error (), were estimated for each sex scenario using the three‐parameter version of each model. The precision of growth band counts was acceptable for the different methods used and by two different readers. The centrum edge analysis (CEA) and marginal increment analysis (MIA) did not support the hypothesis of biannual band pair formation for juveniles, likewise for adults the periodicity could not be verified due to the small sample of large animals. Age was estimated assuming the formation of two pairs of growth bands per year during the first 5 years and one pair of bands per year afterwards considering direct validation information. The estimated ages in years ranged from 0–14 for females and 0–6 for males. The Kimura likelihood ratio test showed no differences in the growth curves of juveniles by sex (P > 0.05). According to the AICc, the 2‐VB model better fitted the length‐at‐age data for combined sexes (Linf = 386.4 cm, k = 0.12 years−1, L0 = 70 cm). The model averaged and were 378.3 cm () and 69.5 cm (), respectively. The growth parameters determined for juveniles of I. oxyrinchus are similar to those estimated in other regions, showing relatively fast growth rate as previously reported, medium longevity in comparison to other shark species and natural mortality close to that reported in the last stock assessment for the North Pacific Ocean. These life‐history parameters should be considered to evaluate the population in the region and to develop better fishery management and conservation measures.
Eat, seek, rest? An orexin/hypocretin perspective
Authors: Peleg‐Raibstein Daria , Viskaitis Paulius , Burdakov Denis 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSeeking and ingesting nutrients is an essential cycle of life in all species. In classical neuropsychology these two behaviours are viewed as fundamentally distinct from each other, and known as appetitive and consummatory, respectively. Appetitive behaviour is highly flexible and diverse, but typically involves increased locomotion and spatial exploration. Consummatory behaviour, in contrast, typically requires reduced locomotion. Another long‐standing concept is “rest and digest”, a hypolocomotive response to calorie intake, thought to facilitate digestion and storage of energy after eating. Here, we note that the classical seek➔ingest➔rest behavioural sequence is not evolutionarily advantageous for all ingested nutrients. Our limited stomach capacity should be invested wisely, rather than spent on the first available nutrient. This is because nutrients are not simply calories: some nutrients are more essential for survival than others. Thus, a key choice that needs to be made soon after ingestion: to eat more and rest, or to terminate eating and search for better food. We offer a perspective on recent work suggesting how nutrient‐specific neural responses shape this choice. Specifically, the hypothalamic hypocretin/orexin neurons (HONs) – cells that promote hyperlocomotive explorative behaviours – are rapidly and differentially modulated by different ingested macronutrients. Dietary non‐essential (but not essential) amino acids activate HONs, while glucose depresses HONs. This nutrient‐specific HON modulation engages distinct reflex arcs, seek➔ingest➔seek and seek➔ingest➔rest, respectively. We propose that these nutri‐neural reflexes evolved to facilitate optimal nutrition despite the limitations of our body.
Carcinoid heart disease in patients with midgut neuroendocrine tumours
Authors: Delhomme Clémence , Walter Thomas , Arangalage Dimitri , Suc Gaspard , Hentic Olivia , Cachier Agnès , Alkhoder Soleiman , François Laurent , Lombard‐Bohas Catherine , Iung Bernard , Ruszniewski Philippe , de Mestier Louis 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCarcinoid heart disease (CHD) is the main complication of carcinoid syndrome (CS) associated with metastatic small intestine neuroendocrine tumours (NETs). The pathophysiology of CHD is partly understood but vasoactive hormones secreted by NETs, especially serotonin, play a major role, leading to the formation of fibrous plaques. These plaque‐like deposits involve the right side of the heart in >90% of cases, particularly the tricuspid and pulmonary valves, which become thickened, retracted and immobile, resulting in regurgitation or stenosis. CHD represents a major diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for patients with NET and CS and is associated with increased risk of morbidity and mortality. CHD often occurs 2–5 years after the diagnosis of metastatic NET, but diagnosis of CHD can be delayed as patients are often asymptomatic for a long time despite severe heart valve involvement. Circulating biomarkers (5HIAA, NT‐proBNP) are relevant tools but transthoracic echocardiography is the key examination for diagnosis and follow‐up of CHD. However, there is no consensus on the optimal indications and frequency of TTE and biomarker dosing regarding screening and diagnosis. Treatment of CHD is complex and requires a multidisciplinary approach. It relies on antitumour treatment, control of CS and surgical valve replacement in cases of severe CHD. However, cardiac surgery is associated with a high risk of mortality, notably due to perioperative carcinoid crisis and right ventricular dysfunction. Timing of surgery is the most crucial point of CHD management and relies on the case‐by‐case determination of the optimal compromise between tumour progression, cardiac symptoms and CS control.
First report ofDiaporthe helianthiinfecting safflower: A threat to its cultivation in India
Authors: Akhtar Jameel , Kumar Pardeep , Kiran Raj , Meena Bharat Raj , Tripathi Aradhika ,   Sadhana , Pandey Sushil , Dubey Sunil Chandra 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDuring seed health testing of 160 accessions of safflower, we observed some fungal growth on seed surface of four accessions i.e., IC337954, IC338197, EC182199 and EC181301 which were received from Hyderabad, Telangana, India for long‐term conservation in the National Genebank, ICAR‐National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India. The associated fungus was morphologically identified asDiaporthe helianthi. Later on, the identity was confirmed asDiaporthe helianthi(Desm.) Grove by the sequencing of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region (GenBank Id: KM979906.1). During seed health testing, seed infection of 30.0 to 70.0 per cent was recorded with no seed germination in infected seeds. Previous findings revealed thatD. helianthiis host‐specific pathogen causing stem canker to sunflower only and the fungus is seed‐borne. As a destructive pathogen causing substantial yield losses, especially to sunflower, it may be a serious threat to safflower cultivation in the country and anywhere else. Therefore, the detection and identification ofD. helianthican be helpful in alarming the threat at an early stage thereby minimizing the probable damage to safflower cultivation in near future.
Rethinking the contributions of young people with learning disabilities to iPad storymaking: a new model of distributed authorship
Authors: Doak Lauran 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDigital technologies such as iPads are now ubiquitous in classrooms and family homes, enabling new possibilities for all learners but particularly for those with disabilities. Existing literature explores how children with learning disabilities create and benefit from personalised digital stories but does not unpack theoretical understandings of their ‘authorship’. This paper addresses this gap by proposing an original model of ‘distributed authorship’ with three axes of distribution—interpersonal, technological and temporal—to account for the authorial contributions of young people with learning disabilities. Five families were given an iPad with Pictello storymaking app and instructed to use it with their young person in any way which was engaging for them. Data generation over 12 weeks included weekly diaries, home videos, semi‐structured interviews and story collection. Findings indicated that whilst ability to directly engage with the app varied, all the young people could be said to exert authorial influence on the stories distributed across three axes: support from others, support from the technology itself and incorporation of prior embodied agency. The study has theoretical implications for our understanding of ‘authorship’ as well as implications for pedagogy and practice by reconceptualising severely disabled children as literate learners and co‐authors.
Third dose of SARS‐CoV2 mRNA vaccination produces robust persistent cellular and humoral immune responses in liver transplant recipients
Authors: Montalbano Marzia , Piccolo Paola , Lionetti Raffaella , Visco‐Comandini Ubaldo , Agrati Chiara , Grassi Germana , Meschi Silvia , Matusali Giulia , Conte Federica , Angelone Federica , Ettorre Giuseppe Maria , Guglielmo Nicola , Maggi Fabrizio , Francalancia Massimo , Mereu Tiziana , Puro Vincenzo , Girardi Enrico , D'Offizi Gianpiero 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWeaker responses have been described after two doses of anti‐SARS‐CoV2 vaccination in liver transplant recipients (LTRs). At the Italian National Institute for Infectious Diseases, 122 LTRs (84% males, median age 64 years) were tested for humoral and cell‐mediated immune response after a third doses of anti‐SARS‐CoV2 mRNA vaccines. Humoral response was measured by quantifying anti‐receptor binding domain and neutralizing antibodies; cell‐mediated response was measured by quantifying IFN‐γ after stimulation of T cells with SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific peptides. Humoral and cellular responses improved significantly compared to the second vaccine dose; 86.4% of previous non‐responders to the first 2 vaccine doses (N = 22) became responders. Mycophenolate mofetil‐containing regimens were not associated with lower response rates to a third vaccine; shorter time since transplantation (<6 years) was associated with lower humoral and cellular responses to third vaccine. Protective antibodies against Omicron variant were detected in 60% of patients 12 weeks after third vaccine dose.
Multilingualism and persistence in multiple language learning
Authors: Henry Alastair 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFor language learners who aspire to become multilingual, commitment involves a personal journey. Defining persistence as a preoccupation with goal‐focused action directed to a desired future state and drawing on research from cognitive psychology and the mental time travel paradigm, this article presents an identity‐based framework of persistence in multiple language learning. In the framework, persistence is supported through the operation of 3 interconnecting processes: (a) the generation of personally meaningful goals aimed at becoming multilingual, (b) the conjuring of mental images that represent states, events, and values associated with being multilingual, and (c) the integration of representations of multilingualism within an unfolding personal history. To illustrate these processes, data from online sources and research literature exploring language learners’ narrative biographies is used. The relevance of the framework is critically assessed in relation to (a) the development of interventions supporting motivation for foreign language learning, (b) the exploration of motivational processes through narrative‐based inquiry, and (c) the varying linguistic, social, and societal contexts in which multiple language learning takes place.
Let's get physical! A time‐lagged examination of the motivation for daily physical activity and implications for next‐day performance and health
Authors: Li Yolanda Na , Cheng Bonnie Hayden , Yu Bingjie , Zhu Julie N. Y. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlthough physical activity is presumed to influence individuals’ work, motivation for daily physical activity and resulting implications for job performance are absent in the management literature. Integrating conservation of resources theory with the literature on physical activity, we build a theoretical model to address the nomological network of physical activity, inclusive of a predictor (autonomous motivation), mediators (resource caravans: physical, affective, and cognitive), outcomes (performance and health), and boundary condition (job self‐efficacy). We test our theoretical model in two experience sampling studies that track employees’ physical activity across 10 workdays, using multiple data sources (self, supervisor, and objective). Findings across two studies consistently reveal that autonomous motivation prompts employees’ average levels of daily physical activity, which, on a daily basis, generates resource caravans—physical (sleep quality), affective (vigor), and cognitive (task focus)—that, in turn, variously benefit next‐day performance (task and creative performance) and health (somatic symptoms). Next‐day task performance is enhanced through increased task focus, while next‐day somatic symptoms are reduced through improved sleep quality and vigor. Further, job self‐efficacy strengthens the benefits of daily physical activity on work outcomes through sleep quality and task focus but not vigor.
Diurnal transcriptome dynamics reveal the photoperiod response of Pyrus
Authors: Liu Zhe , Liu Weijuan , Wang Zhangqing , Qi Kaijie , Xie Zhihua , Zhang Shaoling , Wu Juyou , Wang Peng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPhotoperiod provides a key environmental signal that controls plant growth. Plants have evolved an integrated mechanism for sensing photoperiods with internal clocks to orchestrate physiological events. This mechanism has been identified to enable timely plant growth and improve fitness. Although the components and pathways underlying photoperiod regulation have been described in many species, diurnal patterns of gene expression at the genome‐wide level under different photoperiods are rarely reported in perennial fruit trees. To explore the global gene expression in response to photoperiod, pear plants were cultured under long‐day (LD) and short‐day (SD) conditions. A time‐series transcriptomic study was implemented using LD and SD samples collected at 4 h intervals over 2 days. We identified 13,677 rhythmic genes, of which 7639 were identified under LD and 10,557 under SD conditions. Additionally, 4674 genes were differentially expressed in response to photoperiod change. We also characterized the candidate homologs of clock‐associated genes in pear. Clock genes were involved in the regulation of many processes throughout the day, including photosynthesis, stress response, hormone dynamics, and secondary metabolism. Strikingly, genes within photosynthesis‐related pathways were enriched in both the rhythmic and differential expression analyses. Several key candidate genes were identified to be associated with regulating photosynthesis and improving productivity under different photoperiods. The results suggest that temporal variation in gene expression should not be ignored in pear gene function research. Overall, our work expands the understanding of photoperiod regulation of plant growth, particularly by extending the research to non‐model trees.