bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Paraventricular Nucleus–Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla Pathway Contributes to Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Xu Shijin , Zhang Rui , Zou Guichang , Jin Shiyun , Luo Heyi , Hou Yiwen , Shi Zou , Zhao Ru , Chen Zhenxin , Wang Bin , Chen Chen , Xue Qi , Sun Meiyan , Xiong Wei , Zhang Ye 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI), the major pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease, is a crucial therapeutic focus. To date, whether MIRI is centrally mediated and its underlying processing hierarchy remain elusive. We show that the electrical activity of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) neurons increased after MIRI in a mouse model. We identified a neural circuit involving glutamatergic projections from the paraventricular nucleus (GluPVN) to tyrosine hydroxylase–expressing neurons in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (THRVLM) that contributes to MIRI. Transneuronal tracing with neurotropic viruses indicated that the THRVLM neurons project directly to the spinal preganglionic neurons and then to the stellate ganglion, two critical neural nodes along the brain–heart axis. Chemogenetic inhibition of the GluPVN→THRVLM circuit or cervical sympathetic blockade reduced the level of norepinephrine in the heart and thereby prevented MIRI. Furthermore, pharmacological blockade of myocardium β-receptors also reduced MIRI. This brain–heart circuit that promotes MIRI represents a potential therapeutic target for MIRI treatment.
Data Driven Models of the Madden-Julian Oscillation: understanding its evolution and ENSO modulation
Authors: Diaz Nicolás , Barreiro Marcelo , Rubido Nicolás 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Understanding the physical mechanisms of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) and its evolution is a major concern within the climate community. Its main importance relies on its ability to act as a source of predictability within the intraseasonal time-scale, not only in the tropics, but also in extratropical regions, therefore filling the gap between weather and climate forecasts. However, most atmospheric general circulation models fail to correctly represent MJO’s evolution, and their prediction skills are still far from MJO’s theoretical predictability. In this work we infer low dimensional models of the MJO from data by applying a recently developed machine learning technique, known as Sparse Identification of Nonlinear Dynamics (SINDy). We use the daily-mean outgoing longwave radiation MJO index (OMI) as input data to infer bi-dimensional climatological models of the MJO and to analyse the models’
dependency on El Niño and La Niña years. Our results show that MJO can be most frequently represented by a harmonic oscillator, which represents the MJO’s eastward propagation and characteristic period. Upon this basic oscillatory behaviour, we find that small non-linear perturbations play a fundamental role in representing MJO’s non-uniform speed of propagation, which explains its acceleration over the Pacific Ocean region. Particularly, we find that MJO’s evolution is most frequently non-linear [linear] during El Niño [La Niña] years.
Overall, our work shows that SINDy can robustly model MJO’s evolution as a linear oscillator with small non-linear corrections, contributing to understand the MJO’s dynamics and dependency on El Niño-Southern Oscillation.
Temporal changes in soil nematode communities in rubber plantations in Ivory Coast in response to logging residue management
Authors: Aymard KOUAKOU Kouakou , Trap Jean , Diakhate Sidy , Kolo Yeo , Perron Thibaut , Gay Frédéric , Brauman Alain 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Aims
Tree logging in tropical tree plantations results in significant soil disturbances that negatively impact soil biodiversity and soil functioning. Here, we aimed to assess the effects of adding organic matter (OM) to soil after rubber tree logging on soil functioning over time.
Methods
The experiment was conducted in two contrasting soil types in Ivory Coast. Four practices were replicated, including a control with no residues, the presence of legumes only, legumes and all tree parts excluding the trunk, and legumes and all the parts of the tree including the trunk. We monitored the response of soil nematode communities every six months for 24 months in each practice. Samples were collected from the topsoil layer (0–10 cm) in the interrow, and we also monitored soil carbon transformation by measuring in situ basal soil respiration, labile soil carbon and organic matter decay using the bait lamina method.
Results
The results showed a sharp decrease in nematode abundance after tree logging, but OM restoration increased nematode abundance, the relative abundance of bacterivores, and resource availability to the soil food web. The resilience of the nematode communities depended on soil conditions and the amount and quality of logging residues. Total nematode abundance was positively and significantly related to soil functioning, measured through basal soil respiration, labile soil carbon, and organic matter decay rate.
Conclusion
The results suggest that restoring logging residues can be an effective way to restore soil biodiversity and mitigate the negative impact of clear-cutting in tropical rubber plantations.
Noradrenergic projections regulate the acquisition of classically conditioned eyelid responses: a study in wild-type and kreisler mice
Authors: Porras-García Elena , Mas-Nieto Magdalena , Delgado-García José María , Domínguez-del-Toro Eduardo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
During embryonic development, heterozygous mutant kreisler mice undergo ectopic expression of the Hoxa3 gene in the rostral hindbrain, affecting the opioid and noradrenergic systems. In this model, we have investigated behavioral and cognitive processes in their adulthood. We confirmed that pontine and locus coeruleus neuronal projections are impaired, by using startle and pain tests and by analyzing immunohistochemical localization of tyrosine hydroxylase. Our results showed that, even if kreisler mice are able to generate eyelid reflex responses, there are differences with wild-types in the first component of the response (R1), modulated by the noradrenergic system. The acquisition of conditioned motor responses is impaired in kreisler mice when using the trace but not the delay paradigm, suggesting a functional impairment in the hippocampus, subsequently confirmed by reduced quantification of alpha2a receptor mRNA expression in this area but not in the cerebellum. Moreover, we demonstrate the involvement of adrenergic projection in eyelid classical conditioning, as clonidine prevents the appearance of eyelid conditioned responses in wild-type mice. In addition, hippocampal motor learning ability was restored in kreisler mice by administration of adrenergic antagonist drugs, and a synergistic effect was observed following simultaneous administration of idazoxan and naloxone.
Separation and Antioxidant Activities of New Acetylated EGCG compounds
Authors: Zhang Jianyong , Cui Hongchun , Yin Junfeng , Jiang Heyuan , Wang Yuwan , Zhao Yun , Yu Jizhong , Engelhardt Ulrich H. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Acetylation could improve the bioavailability of (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG), but the relationship of 11 substitution degree and antioxidant capacity of acetylated EGCG was unclear. The acetylated EGCG products were separated 12 by preparation high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Two mono substituted acetylated EGCG, three substituted 13 acetylated EGCG (T-AcE), eight substituted acetylated EGCG (E-AcE) and (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) were isolated. 14 The 7-acetyl-EGCG (S7-ACEGCG) and 7-acetyl-EGCG (T-AcE) were identified for the first time. The antioxidant capacity, 15 superoxide anion radical scavenging capacities, and hydroxyl radical scavenging capacities of EGCG decreased significantly 16 after acetylation modification. The more EGCG acetylation modification sites, the lower the total antioxidant capacity, 17 superoxide anion radical scavenging capacities, and hydroxyl radical scavenging capacities. The antioxidant capacity, 18 superoxide anion radical scavenging capacities, and hydroxyl radical scavenging capacities of 5-acetyl-EGCG (S5-ACE) were 19 higher than 7-acetyl-EGCG (S7-AcE). Combining all the results in this and previous studies, acetylation modification is not 20 conducive to the performance of EGCG antioxidant capacity.
Study on the particle movement characteristics and the pipe pressure drop of slurry shield circulation system
Authors: Li Wanying 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Slurry circulating system is the core system for transporting excavated stone from the excavation interface, and the flow characteristics of stone in circulating pipeline is the key to determine whether stone can be transported smoothly. Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics-Discrete Element Method (CFD-DEM) coupling method, the 3D pipe flow model was established, and the shape of the stone was considered in the model. The particle movement characteristics and the pipe pressure drop is studied. The simulation results indicate that the slurry velocity and slurrydensity have a significant effect on the particle movement characteristics. And the pressure loss along the horizontal straight pipeline is about 620 Pa/m. For the 20 m-high vertical pipeline model, its pressure loss along the vertical pipeline is about 1,100 Pa/m. The conclusions can be helpful for setting the working parameters of circulation system.
A specific dispiropiperazine derivative that arrests cell cycle, induces apoptosis, necrosis and DNA damage
Authors: Liu Victor P. , Li Wai-Ming , Lofroth Jack , Zeb Mehreen , Patrick Brian O. , Bott Tina M. , Lee Chow H. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Dispiropiperazine compounds are a class of molecules known to confer biological activity, but those that have been studied as cell cycle regulators are few in number. Here, we report the characterization and synthesis of two dispiropiperazine derivatives: the previously synthesized spiro[2’,3]-bis(acenaphthene-1’-one)perhydrodipyrrolo-[1,2-a:1,2-d]-pyrazine (SPOPP-3, 1), and its previously undescribed isomer, spiro[2’,5’]-bis(acenaphthene-1’-one)perhydrodipyrrolo-[1,2-a:1,2-d]-pyrazine (SPOPP-5, 2). SPOPP-3 (1), but not SPOPP-5 (2), was shown to have anti-proliferative activity against a panel of 18 human cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 0.63-13 µM. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that SPOPP-3 (1) was able to arrest cell cycle at the G2/M phase in SW480 human cancer cells. Western blot analysis further confirmed the cell cycle arrest is in the M phase. In addition, SPOPP-3 (1) was shown to induce apoptosis, necrosis, and DNA damage as well as disrupt mitotic spindle positioning in SW480 cells. These results warrant further investigation of SPOPP-3 (1) as a novel anti-cancer agent, particularly for its potential ability to sensitize cancer cells for radiation-induced cell death, enhance cancer immunotherapy, overcome apoptosis-related drug resistance and for possible use in synthetic lethality cancer treatments.
Re-evaluation of publicly available gene-expression databases using machine-learning yields a maximum prognostic power in breast cancer
Authors: Tschodu Dimitrij , Lippoldt Jürgen , Gottheil Pablo , Wegscheider Anne-Sophie , Käs Josef A. , Niendorf Axel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Gene expression signatures refer to patterns of gene activities and are used to classify different types of cancer, determine prognosis, and guide treatment decisions. Advancements in high-throughput technology and machine learning have led to improvements to predict a patient's prognosis for different cancer phenotypes. However, computational methods for analyzing signatures have not been used to evaluate their prognostic power. Contention remains on the utility of gene expression signatures for prognosis. The prevalent approaches include random signatures, expert knowledge, and machine learning to construct an improved signature. We unify these approaches to evaluate their prognostic power. Re-evaluation of publicly available gene-expression data from 8 databases with 9 machine-learning models revealed previously unreported results. Gene-expression signatures are confirmed to be useful in predicting a patient's prognosis. Convergent evidence from ≈10,000 signatures implicates a maximum prognostic power. By calculating the concordance index, which measures how well patients with different prognoses can be discriminated, we show that a signature can correctly discriminate patients’ prognoses no more than 80% of the time. Additionally, we show that more than 50% of the potentially available information is still missing at this value. We surmise that an accurate prognosis must incorporate molecular, clinical, histological, and other complementary factors.
Hydrogen-Terminated Diamond Field-Effect Transistors with Ultrahigh On/Off Ratio Using an Al2O3/HfO2 Stacked Passivation Layer
Authors: Chen Zhihao , Yu Xinxin , Mao Shuman , Zhou Jianjun , Kong Yuechan , Chen Tangsheng , Xu ruiming , Yan Bo , Xu Yuehang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Diamond-based devices with high on/off ratio are promising candidates for power and sensors applications at high temperatures. However, the limited on/off ratio caused by relatively high leakage currents still remains to be a problem. Herein, we present hydrogen-terminated diamond metal–insulator–semiconductor field-effect transistors with a 40-/100-nm aluminum oxide/hafnium dioxide stacked passivation layer to reduce leakage currents. Due to the stacked passivation layer, the fringing capacitances were introduced and the electric field at the drain edge of the gate was reduced. Encouragingly, the drain and gate leakage currents were reduced to the order of 10−9 mA/mm under off-state conditions at room temperature. Consequently, an on/off ratio of ~1 × 1011 was achieved, which is the highest value among the previously reported diamond-based devices. Moreover, a record on/off ratio of ~5 × 109 was obtained even at 200°C. Results of this work can pave the way for diamond-based devices in high-temperature power or sensors applications.
Simulating and validating virus machines
Authors: Orellana-Martín David , Ramírez-de-Arellano Antonio , Pérez-Jiménez Mario J. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Virus machines are computing devices inspired by the transmission and replication of viruses. This model of computation has been proved to be as powerful as Turing machines, while using very simple semantics: instructions can open channels to let viruses travel between different hosts. The basic model is sequential, in the sense that only one instruction can be executed in each time step. This behaviour is, in principle, easy to follow by using pen and paper, but it can become harder when the model is big enough, as it happens with other models of computation. This paper introduces a base software for virus machines that simulates their behaviour and has an easy approach for both researchers and developers. Besides, apart from the simulator, the software has two other main purposes: On the one hand, a experimental validator has been introduced to help the researcher with both the design and the formal verification of such devices; On the other hand, it has included a tool to create a LaTeX graphic of a virus machine with the usual visuals.
MSC Classification: 68Q07 , 68V05
Rheological experiments on dense silty sediments under steady shear loadings
Authors: wen zhichao , Xu Haijue , Bai Yuchuan , Huang Zhe , Liu Junzheng , Zhang Jinliang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Dense silty sediments exhibit complex rheological behaviors due to their particular sediment composition, which consists of sand, silt and clay. This paper investigated the rheological properties of ten dense silty sediments prepared with various percentages of kaolin. A set of rheological experiments was conducted with an MCR302 rheometer. Measurements of the flow curves, deformation curves, and shear stress-time response were made. The dense silty sediments underwent a solid-liquid transition during shear rate ramp tests, and the critical shear stress increased with decreasing median particle diameter D50. Thixotropy was common in the samples with smaller D50, but the samples with larger D50 displayed anti-thixotropic behavior. Both the power-law model and the Herschel-Bulkley model were selected to describe the rheological behavior, and the Herschel-Bulkley model was more suitable for samples with higher density and smaller D50. The parameters in the empirical expressions for calculating rheological parameters were obtained by a regression analysis.
Fruit and Vegetable Consumption across Population Segments: Evidence from a National Household Survey
Authors: Küçük Nihat , Urak Faruk , Bilgic Abdulbaki , Florkowski Wojciech J. , Kiani Adiqa K. , Özdemir Ferda Nur 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The 2002 World Health Report documented that low fruit and vegetable intake are among the top ten risk factors contributing to attributable mortality and up to three million lives could be saved each year by adequate consumption of F&V across the globe, leading an examination of behavioral preferences of the individual and family social, environmental, and behavioral factors that constitute perceived barriers to fruit and vegetable consumption.
ObjectiveThe study examines factors affecting the choice of eating fruits and vegetables by household members and calculates eating frequency probabilities of different population-origin associated with personal attributes and behavior.
Method Turkish Health Survey (THS) 2019 data from the Turkish Statistical Institute (TSI) national representative household panel is applied. Estimating a random-effect bivariate probit model of fruit and vegetable choice, we calculated marginal probabilities of choosing fruits and vegetables, the joint probability of choosing both, and conditional probabilities between choosing to eat either, detecting consumption synergy.
Results The role of uncontrolled variables in choosing to eat fruits and vegetable (F&V) differs between the decision of an average family and the decision of individual family members. While the attitude is positive for an average family, it is negative among family members. Most individual and family attributes inversely affect fruit and vegetable choice across different groups, while a positive causal relationship exists between the likelihood of fruit and vegetable choice and attributes such as age, marital status, education, weight, having health insurance, income, and time and forms of physical activity.
Conclusion and recommendation Instead of a general policy for the implementation of a healthy and balanced nutrition program to improve fruit and vegetable eating frequency, it appears more effective to adopt programs with distinct characteristics that segregate society into different cohorts. We suggest appropriate policies and offer suitable approaches to reach targeted groups.
Genetic Association of FTO gene variants (rs17817449 T&gt;G and rs9939609 T&gt;A) with obesity and its related Phenotypes in North Indian Punjabi Population
Authors: Sharma Tanmayi , Professor Badaruddoza 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene belongs to the non-heme Fe (II) and 2 oxoglutarate dependent dioxygenase superfamily. FTO gene has been evolved as a potent genetic risk factor for the development of obesity. To establish the potential association between FTO rs17817449 T > G and rs9939609 T > A polymorphisms and obesity risk in north Indian Punjabi population, a total of 333 obese and 338 non-obese control subjects were randomly selected. Both the FTO gene polymorphisms rs17817449 (TT vs GG: odds ratio (OR), 2.30; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.39–3.79) and rs9939609 (TT vs AA: odds ratio (OR), 2.78; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.37–5.64) were significantly associated with obesity and conferred 2-fold and 3-fold risk toward the development of obesity respectively. Logistic regression analysis determined the significant association under the recessive genetic model (OR = 2.29; 95%CI: 1.47–3.57) and (OR = 5.25; 95%CI: 2.68–10.28) respectively for rs17817449 and rs9939609 thereby confirming the major role of environmental and anthropometric factors in this population. Haplotype analysis revealed that TA haplotype conferred 4-fold risk towards obesity (p = 0.0001). The rs17817449G allele and the obesity associated covariates accounted for 55%, 49%, 42%, 34%, 31% and 22% variability in body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist to height ratio (WHtR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and triglyceride (TG) respectively. For rs9939609A allele contributed 98%, 82%, 54%, 59%, 71% and 84% variability in BMI, WC, WHtR, SBP, DBP, TG respectively in obese individuals. Therefore, the present study suggested that both the polymorphisms of FTO gene (rs17817449 T > G and rs9939609 T > A) are relevant markers of obesity in the north Indian Punjabi population and both plays an important role in an individual’s predisposition towards obesity.
Tastes and colours: a qualitative study of the lived experience of methylphenidate prescribed for children with a fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
Authors: Morin Clémentine , Doray Bérénice , Dumar Cécilia , Balit Jude , Bouscaren Nicolas , Spodenkiewicz Michel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) refer to physical, cognitive, and behavioural symptoms in an individual whose mother consumed alcohol during pregnancy. It is the leading cause of non-genetic avoidable mental disability, with an estimated worldwide prevalence of 1%. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) diagnostic criteria are met for 50–80% of patients with FASD. Methylphenidate (MPH) is the first-line pharmacological treatment for ADHD. This study aims to explore the lived experience of children with FASD taking MPH and their caregivers to adapt prescribing modalities by considering different ways to administer the drugs. We hope to improve the therapeutic alliance between the children and their caregivers by gaining an insiders’ view of the medication perception. Semi-structured interviews with children and their caregivers were conducted in this qualitative study. Data collection by purposive sampling continued until we reached theoretical sufficiency. Data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. We conducted 16 semi-structured interviews: 8 with the children aged 7 to 12, 5 boys and 3 girls and 8 with their caregivers. The analysis showed that inadequate palatability and capsule form experiences were the leading causes of children's non-adherence to the treatment. MPH appeared to be a valuable aid for caregivers even if they had concerns about its potential toxicity. However, it is necessary to identify caregivers' expectations concerning MPH to adapt the prescription in terms of choice of specialty and intake modalities. Regular support was required to reduce caregivers’ fears of dependence,personality transformation and long-term adverse effects. Information on palatability should be given when prescribing MPH to children with ADHD as well as its possible side effects or toxicity. It highlights the need for further studies of the experience of palatability of drugs prescribed to children. When prescribing a treatment, it is necessary to understand the child's perspectives via mediators to co-construct common representations for better therapeutical adherence.