bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feeding practices and growth patterns of moderately low birthweight infants in resource-limited settings: results from a multisite, longitudinal observational study
Authors: Vesel Linda , Bellad Roopa M , Manji Karim , Saidi Friday , Velasquez Esther , Sudfeld Christopher R , Miller Katharine , Bakari Mohamed , Lugangira Kristina , Kisenge Rodrick , Salim Nahya , Somji Sarah , Hoffman Irving , Msimuko Kingsly , Mvalo Tisungane , Nyirenda Fadire , Phiri Melda , Das Leena , Dhaded Sangappa , Goudar Shivaprasad S , Herekar Veena , Kumar Yogesh , Koujalagi M B , Guruprasad Gowdar , Panda Sanghamitra , Shamanur Latha G , Somannavar Manjunath , Vernekar Sunil S , Misra Sujata , Adair Linda , Bell Griffith , Caruso Bethany A , Duggan Christopher , Fleming Katelyn , Israel-Ballard Kiersten , Fishman Eliza , Lee Anne C C , Lipsitz Stuart , Mansen Kimberly L , Martin Stephanie L , Mokhtar Rana R , North Krysten , Pote Arthur , Spigel Lauren , Tuller Danielle E , Young Melissa , Semrau Katherine E A 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesTo describe the feeding profile of low birthweight (LBW) infants in the first half of infancy; and to examine growth patterns and early risk factors of poor 6-month growth outcomes.DesignProspective observational cohort study.Setting and participantsStable, moderately LBW (1.50 to <2.50 kg) infants were enrolled at birth from 12 secondary/tertiary facilities in India, Malawi and Tanzania and visited nine times over 6 months.Variables of interestKey variables of interest included birth weight, LBW type (combination of preterm/term status and size-for-gestational age at birth), lactation practices and support, feeding profile, birthweight regain by 2 weeks of age and poor 6-month growth outcomes.ResultsBetween 13 September 2019 and 27 January 2021, 1114 infants were enrolled, comprising 4 LBW types. 363 (37.3%) infants initiated early breast feeding and 425 (43.8%) were exclusively breastfed to 6 months. 231 (22.3%) did not regain birthweight by 2 weeks; at 6 months, 280 (32.6%) were stunted, 222 (25.8%) underweight and 88 (10.2%) wasted. Preterm-small-for-gestational age (SGA) infants had 1.89 (95% CI 1.37 to 2.62) and 2.32 (95% CI 1.48 to 3.62) times greater risks of being stunted and underweight at 6 months compared with preterm-appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA) infants. Term-SGA infants had 2.33 (95% CI 1.77 to 3.08), 2.89 (95% CI 1.97 to 4.24) and 1.99 (95% CI 1.13 to 3.51) times higher risks of being stunted, underweight and wasted compared with preterm-AGA infants. Those not regaining their birthweight by 2 weeks had 1.51 (95% CI 1.23 to 1.85) and 1.55 (95% CI 1.21 to 1.99) times greater risks of being stunted and underweight compared with infants regaining.ConclusionLBW type, particularly SGA regardless of preterm or term status, and lack of birthweight regain by 2 weeks are important risk identification parameters. Early interventions are needed that include optimal feeding support, action-oriented growth monitoring and understanding of the needs and growth patterns of SGA infants to enable appropriate weight gain and proactive management of vulnerable infants.Trial registration numberNCT04002908.
Which outcomes should always be measured in intervention studies for improving work participation for people with a health problem? An international multistakeholder Delphi study to develop a core outcome set for Work participation (COS for Work)
Authors: Ravinskaya Margarita , Verbeek Jos H , Langendam Miranda , Madan Ira , Verstappen Suzanne M.M. , Kunz Regina , Hulshof Carel T.J. , Hoving Jan L. 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveSynthesising evidence of the effects of interventions to improve work participation among people with health problems is currently difficult due to heterogeneity in outcome measurements. A core outcome set for work participation is needed.Study design and settingFollowing the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials methodology, we used a five-step approach to reach international multistakeholder consensus on a core outcome set for work participation. Five subgroups of stakeholders took part in two rounds of discussions and completed two Delphi voting rounds on 26 outcomes. A consensus of ≥80% determined core outcomes and 50%–80% consensus was required for candidate outcomes.ResultsFifty-eight stakeholders took part in the Delphi rounds. Core outcomes were: ‘any type of employment including self-employment’, ‘proportion of workers that return to work after being absent because of illness’ and ‘time to return to work’. Ten candidate outcomes were proposed, among others: ‘sustainable employment’, ‘work productivity’ and ‘workers’ perception of return to work’.ConclusionAs a minimum, all studies evaluating the impact of interventions on work participation should include one employment outcome and two return to work outcomes if workers are on sick leave prior to the intervention.
Investigating the impact of stigma, accessibility and confidentiality on STI/STD/HIV self-testing among college students in the USA: protocol for a scoping review
Authors: Reeves Jaquetta M , Zigah Edem Yaw , Shamrock Osman W , Aidoo-Frimpong Gloria , Dada Debbie , Batten Janene , Abu-Ba’are Gamji R , Nelson LaRon E , Djiadeu Pascal 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionIn 2019, there were 2.5 million reported cases of chlamydia, gonorrhoea and syphilis. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported in the USA, young people aged 15–24 made up 61% and 42% of chlamydia and gonorrhoea cases, respectively. Moreover, the highest rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) were reported among college-aged students. In this paper, we outline our protocol to systematically review the published literature on, the use of STI/HIV self-test kits, increasing STI/HIV testing uptake, and stigma, access and confidentiality issues, among young adult college students in the USA.Methods and analysisThis scoping review will be conducted and reported according to the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. We will search electronic databases, OVID Medline, OVID Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PubMed and CINAHL, for articles published in English from inception to the present. We will search other alternative sources such as ProQuest, Google Scholar and Google to identify grey literature. A two-step process will be used to identify eligible studies based on the defined inclusion criteria. First, the title and abstract of identified articles will be screened for possible inclusion. Second, full-text articles of relevant studies will be retrieved and screened for inclusion. Both screening steps will be done by two people independently. Finally, data will be extracted by two researchers working independently. Any arising disagreements will be resolved by consensus or by a third author.Ethics and disseminationThis study is a scoping review of the literature. Therefore, ethics approval is not required. Our plan for the dissemination of findings includes peer-reviewed manuscripts, conferences and webinars.
Accessing abortion in a highly restrictive legal regime: characteristics of women and pregnant people in Malta self-managing their abortion through online telemedicine
Authors: Dibben Andreana , Stabile Isabel , Gomperts Rebecca , Kohout James 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveTo examine the numbers and characteristics of women and pregnant people in Malta seeking at-home medical abortion using online telemedicine from 2017 to 2021.DesignPopulation-based study.SettingRepublic of MaltaParticipantsBetween 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2021, 1090 women and pregnant people requested at-home medical abortion through one online telemedicine provider (Women on Web). Mifepristone and misoprostol were shipped to 658 women (60.4% of requests).Main outcome measuresThe numbers and demographics of persons to which abortion pills were shipped, their reasons for accessing abortion, and reasons for requesting medical abortion via telemedicine between January 2017 and December 2021 were analysed. Selected data were compared across different groups.ResultsThe number of people in Malta to whom medical abortion pills were shipped increased significantly in the 5 years analysed. Women and pregnant people requesting medical abortion were diverse with respect to age, pregnancy circumstances and reasons for seeking an abortion. More than half had existing children and over 90% reached out to Women on Web at <7 weeks. Among those completing a medical abortion, 63% did not use contraception, and in 30% there was contraception failure. The most common reasons for ordering medical abortion pills online were difficulty accessing abortion because of legal restrictions (73%) and abortion pills not being available (45%) in the country.ConclusionsDespite a complete ban on abortion, the number of women and pregnant people residing in Malta completing at-home medical abortions is considerable and has been steadily increasing.
Spatially restricted tumour-associated and host-associated immune drivers correlate with the recurrence sites of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Karamitopoulou Eva , Wenning Anna Silvia , Acharjee Animesh , Zlobec Inti , Aeschbacher Pauline , Perren Aurel , Gloor Beat 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveMost patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) will experience recurrence after resection. Here, we investigate spatially organised immune determinants of PDAC recurrence.DesignPDACs (n=284; discovery cohort) were classified according to recurrence site as liver (n=93/33%), lung (n=49/17%), local (n=31/11%), peritoneal (n=38/13%) and no-recurrence (n=73/26%). Spatial compartments were identified by fluorescent imaging as: pancytokeratin (PanCK)+CD45−(tumour cells); CD45+PanCK-(leucocytes) and PanCK-CD45-(stromal cells), followed by transcriptomic (72 genes) and proteomic analysis (51 proteins) for immune pathway targets. Results from next-generation sequencing (n=194) were integrated. Finally, 10 tumours from each group underwent immunophenotypic analysis by multiplex immunofluorescence. A validation cohort (n=109) was examined in parallel.ResultsNo-recurrent PDACs show high immunogenicity, adaptive immune responses and are rich in pro-inflammatory chemokines, granzyme B and alpha-smooth muscle actin+fibroblasts. PDACs with liver and/or peritoneal recurrences display low immunogenicity, stemness phenotype and innate immune responses, whereas those with peritoneal metastases are additionally rich in FAP+fibroblasts. PDACs with local and/or lung recurrences display interferon-gamma signalling and mixed adaptive and innate immune responses, but with different leading immune cell population. Tumours with local recurrences overexpress dendritic cell markers whereas those with lung recurrences neutrophilic markers. Except the exclusive presence ofRNF43mutations in the no-recurrence group, no genetic differences were seen. The no-recurrence group exhibited the best, whereas liver and peritoneal recurrences the poorest prognosis.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate distinct inflammatory/stromal responses in each recurrence group, which might affect dissemination patterns and patient outcomes. These findings may help to inform personalised adjuvant/neoadjuvant and surveillance strategies in PDAC, including immunotherapeutic modalities.
Changes in circulating tumor DNA and outcomes in solid tumors treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review
Authors: Al-Showbaki Laith , Wilson Brooke , Tamimi Faris , Molto Consolacion , Mittal Abhenil , Cescon David W , Amir Eitan 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundQuantification of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) levels is a reliable prognostic tool in several malignancies. Dynamic changes in ctDNA levels in response to treatment may also provide prognostic information. Here, we explore the value of changes in ctDNA levels in response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).MethodsWe searched MEDLINE (host: PubMed) for trials of ICIs in advanced solid tumors in which outcomes were reported based on change in ctDNA levels. ctDNA reduction was defined as reported in individual trials. Typically, this was either >50% reduction or a reduction to undetectable levels. We extracted HRs and related 95% CIs and/or p values comparing ctDNA reduction versus no reduction for progression-free survival (PFS) and/or overall survival (OS). Data were then pooled in a meta-analysis. Variation in effect size was examined using subgroup analyses.ResultsEighteen trials were included in the meta-analysis. ctDNA levels were detectable in all participants in all studies prior to initiation of ICIs. A reduction in ctDNA measured 6–16 weeks after starting treatment was associated with significantly better PFS (HR 0.20; 95% CI, 0.14 to 0.28; p<0.001). Similarly, OS was superior in patients with reduced ctDNA levels (HR 0.18; 95% CI, 0.12 to 0.26; p<0.001). The results were consistent across all disease sites, lines of treatment, magnitude of change (to undetectable vs >50% reduction) and whether treatment exposure comprised single or combination ICIs.ConclusionsIn advanced solid tumors, a reduction in ctDNA levels in response to ICIs is associated with substantial improvements in outcome. ctDNA change is an early response biomarker which may allow for de-escalation of cross-sectional imaging in patients receiving ICIs or support treatment de-escalation strategies.
Senescent cancer cell vaccines induce cytotoxic T cell responses targeting primary tumors and disseminated tumor cells
Authors: Liu Yue , Pagacz Joanna , Wolfgeher Donald J , Bromerg Kenneth D , Gorman Jacob V , Kron Stephen J 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundImmune tolerance contributes to resistance to conventional cancer therapies such as radiation. Radiotherapy induces immunogenic cell death, releasing a burst of tumor antigens, but this appears insufficient to stimulate an effective antitumor immune response. Radiation also increases infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), but their effector function is short lived. Although CTL exhaustion may be at fault, combining immune checkpoint blockade with radiation is insufficient to restore CTL function in most patients. An alternative model is that antigen presentation is the limiting factor, suggesting a defect in dendritic cell (DC) function.MethodsBuilding on our prior work showing that cancer cells treated with radiation in the presence of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 inhibitor veliparib undergo immunogenic senescence, we reexamined senescent cells (SnCs) as preventative or therapeutic cancer vaccines. SnCs formed in vitro were cocultured with splenocytes and evaluated by scRNA-seq to examine immunogenicity. Immature bone-marrow-derived DCs cocultured with SnCs were examined for maturation and activation by flow cytometry and T cell proliferation assays. Viable SnCs or SnC-activated DCs were injected subcutaneously, and vaccine effects were evaluated by analysis of immune response, prevention of tumor engraftment, regression of established tumors and/or potentiation of immunotherapy or radiotherapy.ResultsMurine CT26 colon carcinoma or 4T1 mammary carcinoma cells treated with radiation and veliparib form SnCs that promote DC maturation and activation in vitro, leading to efficient, STING-dependent CTL priming. Injecting mice with SnCs induces antigen-specific CTLs and confers protection from tumor engraftment. Injecting immunogenic SnCs into tumor-bearing mice increases inflammation with activated CTLs, suppresses tumor growth, potentiates checkpoint blockade, enhances radiotherapy and blocks colonization by disseminated tumor cells. Addressing the concern that reinjecting tumor cells into patients may be impractical, DCs activated with SnCs in vitro were similarly effective to SnCs in suppressing established tumors and blocking metastases.ConclusionsTherapeutic vaccines based on senescent tumor cells and/or SnC-activated DCs have the potential to improve genotoxic and immune therapies and limit recurrence or metastasis.
Role of leader member exchange on nurse’s organisational citizenship behaviour from the Bugis tribe cultural perspective in Indonesia
Authors: AS Andi Indahwaty , Irwandy Irwandy , Bulu’ Rifa’ah Mahmudah 
Published: February 2023

PurposeThis research aims to look at the role of leader–member exchange (LMX) on the creation of organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB) in nurses of the Bugis tribe in the Inpatient Unit of the Labuang Baji Public General Hospital.Design/methodology/approachThis study used a cross-sectional research approach to gather the necessary data to perform an observational analysis. 98 nurses were selected through a purposive sampling technique.FindingsThe research results indicate that the cultural characteristics of the Bugis people align closely with the siri’ na passe value, with the criteria of sipakatau (humanity), deceng (good), asseddingeng (unity), marenreng perru (loyalty), sipakalebbi (mutual respect) and sipakainge (reminding each other).OriginalityThe patron–client relationship in the Bugis leadership system is reflected in the LMX concept and capable of creating the OCB in Bugis tribe nurses.
Kidney failure end-of-life care: impact of advance care planning – retrospective observational study
Authors: Li Kelly Chenlei , Brennan Frank , Brown Mark A 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesPatients with kidney failure (KF) have poor prognosis yet receive aggressive medical interventions at the end of life. Advance care planning (ACP) aims to respect patients’ treatment preference and facilitate good death, though whether these are achieved in KF is unknown.This study examines the utility of ACP for end-of-life care in KF patients.MethodsA retrospective observational study of KF patients who completed an ACP document 2012–2019 and died in an Australian hospital. Medical records were reviewed to assess treatment concordance to the ACP document and quality of end-of-life care received.Results65 KF patients (29 dialysis, 36 conservative) had a median age of 84 years and 57% males. 86% of deaths followed an emergency admission. ACP documents recorded patients’ preference to avoid cardiopulmonary resuscitation (91%) and forego dialysis (86%). 95% patients received treatment concordant with ACP. One patient was resuscitated, and one conservative patient dialysed. A good quality death was achieved for most, including dialysis withdrawal (80%), palliative care referral (88%), discussion of prognosis (95%), rationalised medications (89%) and anticipatory end-of-life medications (92%).ConclusionACP documents are useful facilitating treatment concordant with KF patients’ preferences. Most patients avoided aggressive medical interventions and received good quality end-of-life care.
Numerical investigation on the thermo-mechanical behaviour of twin energy tunnels
Authors: Liu Jinquan , Zhou Chao 
Published: February 2023

Energy tunnel provides an innovative and efficient approach to harvesting geothermal energy. Some investigations on a single energy tunnel have been reported in the literature. This study investigated the behaviour of twin energy tunnels in two configurations (i.e., parallel and perpendicularly crossing) by using a thermo-hydro-mechanical coupled numerical model developed and validated in previous work. The responses of ground and a tunnel (denoted by ET1) to three thermo-activation modes were determined: cooling ET1 itself alone (ET1active), cooling a nearby tunnel alone (ET2active), cooling both tunnels simultaneously ((ET1 + ET2)active). The computed results reveal that the interaction between two tunnels becomes negligible when the clear distance reaches four times the tunnel diameter. When the clear distance is smaller, the interaction could impact the tunnel and soil displacements. In ET1active and (ET1 + ET2)active, the vertical responses (i.e., ground settlement, ET1 settlement and vertical convergence) in both tunnel configurations can be close to or even exceed the allowable values in tunnel management guidelines, depending on ground and tunnel conditions. The horizontal responses of ET1 (i.e., horizontal displacement and convergence) are always insignificant. The thermo-activation of ET2 alone has minor effects on ET1, except a strong impact on ET1 settlement in the case of crossing tunnels.
Aluminum Doping Effects on Large LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 Single Crystal Particles Prepared in a Molten LiOH-Li2SO4 Flux
Authors: Takamori Syunya , Doi Takayuki , Inaba Minoru 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Large-size single crystal LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) particles of ~5 μm in size were prepared in a LiOH-Li2SO4 molten flux using a temperature-swing technique from 1000 to 780°C. The resulting single crystal particles showed good cycleability though the initial capacity was low.　It was found that Al ion (ca. 10%) was unexpectedly incorporated within the lattice of the single crystal particles from an alumina boat, which stabilized the layered structure and gave good cycleability.　The doping level of the Al ion was optimized, and 2.8% Al doped NCM811 particles delivered the highest initial capacity of 174 mAh g-1 with good cycleability up to the 50th cycle.　In addition, Al doping improved the rate-capability of NCM811 single crystal particles.　The rate-capability of 2.8% Al doped NCM811 particles was comparable with that of the conventional polycrystalline NCM811.
G-Quadruplex Structures Are Key Modulators of Somatic Structural Variants in Cancers
Authors: Zhang Rongxin , Shu Huiling , Wang Yuqi , Tao Tiantong , Tu Jing , Wang Cheng , Mergny Jean-Louis , Sun Xiao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractG-quadruplexes (G4) are noncanonical secondary genome structures. Aberrant formation of G4s can impair genome integrity. Investigation of the relationship between G4s and somatic structural variants (SV) in cancers could provide a better understanding of the role of G4 formation in cancer development and progression. In this study, we combined bioinformatic approaches and multiomics data to investigate the connection between G4s and the somatic SVs. Somatic SV breakpoints were significantly enriched in G4 regions, regardless of SV subtypes. This enrichment was only observed in regions demonstrated to form G4s in cells (“active quadruplexes”), rather than in regions with a sequence compatible with G4 formation but without confirmed G4 formation (“potential quadruplexes”). Several genomic features affected the connection between G4s and SVs, with the enrichment being notably strengthened at the boundary of topologically associated domains. Somatic breakpoints were also preferentially associated with G4 regions with earlier replication timing and open chromatin status. In patients with cancer with homologous recombination repair defects, G4s and somatic breakpoints were substantially more strongly associated. Machine learning models were constructed that showed that G4 propensity is a potent feature for predicting the density of SV breakpoints. Altogether, these findings suggest that the G4 structures play a critical role in modulating the production of somatic SVs in cancers.Significance:G-quadruplex structure formation constitutes a critical step in the production of somatic structural variants in cancers, suggesting G-quadruplex structures as potential targets for future cancer prevention and treatment strategies.