bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lignin Containing Cellulose Nanofiber Based Nanopapers with Ultrahigh Optical Transmittance and Haze
Authors: Zhang Weiwei , Zhang Xiuqiang , Ren Suxia , Dong Lili , Ai Yuwei , Lei Tingzhou , Wu Qinglin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this study, lignin containing cellulose nanofiber/glycerol (LCNF/Gly) composite films at different mixing ratios were developed with LCNFs extracted from commercial poplar pulp through 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-l-oxyl radical (TEMPO) mediated oxidation followed by high-pressure homogenization. The obtained LCNFs with the diameters ranged from several to tens of nanometers, were decorated with residual hydrophobic lignin nanoparticles (16.31 wt%) around the nanofibers, and showed the reversible aggregation in aqueous solution. With the incorporation of glycerol, the resulting LCNF/Gly films exhibited excellent light management properties, maintaining outstanding optical transmittance (87%) and ultrahigh haze over 92%, with superior ultraviolet (UV) blocking function for UVB and UVC. Meanwhile, the brittleness and fragility of the LCNF/Gly films are greatly reduced and the elongation at break of the films are increased from 1.58 to 7.48% with the increase of glycerol mass ratio, endowing the composite films excellent ductility for applications in food packaging, solar cell, anti-glare film and flexible optoelectronic devices.
Automated correction angle calculation in
High Tibial Osteotomy planning
Authors: Przystalski Karol , Paleczek Anna , Szustakowski Karol , Wawryka Piotr , Jungiewicz Michał , Zalewski Mateusz , Kwiatkowski Jakub , Gądek Artur , Miśkowiec Krzysztof 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
High tibial osteotomy correction angle calculation is a process that is usually performed manually or in a semi-automated way. The process, according to the Miniaci method, is divided into several stages to find specific points: the center of the femoral head, the edges of the tibial plateau, the Fujisawa point, the center of the ankle joint, and the Hinge point. In this paper, we proposed an end-to-end approach that consists of different techniques for finding each point. We used YOLOv4 to detect regions of interest. To identify the center of the femoral head, we used the YOLOv4 and the Hough transform. For the other points, we used a combined method of YOLOv4 with the ASM/AAM algorithm and YOLOv4 with image processing algorithms. Our fully-automated method achieved a mean error rate of 0.5◦ (0-2.76◦) ICC 0.99 (0.98-0.99) 95%CI on our own dataset of standing long-leg Anterior Posterior view X-rays. This might be the first method that automatically calculates the correction angle of high tibial osteotomy.
Systematic analysis and experimental validation of the prognostic and immunological effects of SPP1 tumor-associated macrophage features in colorectal cancer
Authors: Li Yizhang , Yang Zhenwei , Liu Jialong , Wang Haizhou , Wang Fan , Zhang Hailin , Zhao Qiu , Liu Jing 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Tumor associated macrophages (TAM) influence colorectal cancer (CRC) development, and their clinical significance has been widely established. We intend to depict a full macrophage landscape in order to increase our understanding of CRC heterogeneity and give improved precision medicine techniques.
Methods
Use Seurat and Cellchat to conduct single cell analysis on GSE178341 to determine the interaction between cells and understand the influence of core cell subsets on immune response. SsGSEA was used to quantify the immune related cells of TCGA patients and further cluster them into subtypes. The effectiveness of combined COX and LASSO, SPP1 TAM characteristics in predicting prognosis was validated in several GEO datasets.
Then, Cell line culture and Quantitative real-time PCR were used to validate the hub genes of SPP1 TAM features.
Results and Conclusion
To summarize, we built a more comprehensive macrophage atlas to highlight the wide range and heterogeneity of macrophages present in people at various MMR stages. SPP1 TAM is not only enriched in dMMR patients, but also shows two characteristics of immune response, which may explain the reason why some dMMR patients have poor response to immunotherapy. The prognosis model constructed by Hub DEG SPP1 related to it has different responses to immune response and chemotherapy drugs, which provides new clues to inhibit the potential efficacy of SPP1 TAM.
The immunological profiles of T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia: results from a single center in China
Authors: Ge Meili , Huo Jiali , Liu Yilin , Zhao Fei , Chen Lingyun , Huang Jinbo , Wang Shichong , Wang Min , Jin Peng , Li Xingxin , Ren Xiang , Zhang Jing , Nie Neng , Zheng Yizhou , Jiang Erlie , Shao Yingqi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
To characterize the immunological profiles of T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia (T-LGLL) in China, we studied and correlated the proportion among T lymphocyte subsets, CD3−CD16/CD56+ NK and CD19+ B cells in 39 T-LGLL patients. Our study identified increased percentage and absolute number of CD3+CD8+ T cells, meanwhile decreased CD3+CD4+ T cells and CD4/CD8 ratio in T-LGLL cases. Interestingly, there were significant correlations between CD3+CD8+ T cells and T-cell large granular lymphocyte (T-LGL). The significantly decreased percentage and absolute number of normal CD3−CD16/CD56+ NK and CD19+ B cells, which were significant correlations with CD3+CD4+ T, CD3+CD8+ T or CD4/CD8 ratios, were observed. Also we found that the percentage of CD3+CD8+ T cells in αβ T-LGLL was significantly higher than that in γδ T-LGLL. Thus, changes of T lymphocyte subsets, normal NK and B cells, and the correlations among them in Chinese patients with T-LGLL were determined.
Relationships Among Apparent Electrical Conductivity and Plant and Terrain Data in an Agroforestry System in the Ozark Highlands
Authors: Ylagan Shane , Brye Kristofor R. , Ashworth Amanda J. , Owens Phillip R. , Smith Harrison , Poncet Aurelie M. , Sauer Tom J. , Thomas Andrew L. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Minimal research has been conducted relating apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) surveys to plant and terrain properties in agroforestry systems. Objectives were to identify i) ECa survey relationships with forage yield, tree growth, and terrain attribute within ECa-derived soil management zones (SMZs) and ii) terrain attributes that drive ECa variability within a 20-year-old, 4.25-ha, agroforestry system in the Ozark Highlands of northwest Arkansas. The average of 12 monthly perpendicular (PRP) and horizontal coplanar (HCP) ECa surveys (August 2020 to July 2021) and 14 terrain attributes were obtained. Tree diameter at breast height (DBH) and height (TH) measurements were made in December 2020 and March 2021, respectively, and forage yield samples were collected during Summer 2018 and 2019. Apparent EC-tree property relationships were generally stronger within the whole site (averaged across tree property and ECa configuration, |r| = 0.38) than within the SMZs (averaged across tree property, ECa configuration, and SMZ, |r| = 0.27). The strength of the SMZs’ terrain-attribute-PRP-ECa relationships were 9 to 205% greater than that for the whole site. In whole-site, multi-linear regressions, Slope Length and Steepness Factor (10.5%), Mid-slope (9.4%), and Valley Depth (7.2%) had the greatest influence (i.e., percent of total sum of squares) on PRP ECa variability, whereas Valley Depth (15.3%), Wetness Index (11.9%), and Mid-slope (11.2%) had the greatest influence on HCP ECa variability. Results show how ECa relates to plant (i.e., DBH, TH, and forage yield) and terrain data within SMZs in agroforestry systems with varying topography and could be used to precisely manage agroforestry systems.
The utilization of bio-ethanol for production of 1-butanol catalysed byMg-Al mixed metal oxides enhanced by Cu or Co
Authors: Frolich Karel , Malina Jan , Hájek Martin , Mück Jáchym , Kocík Jaroslav 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Ethanol, as a renewable raw material, is important source for preparation of higher alcohol and other add-value chemicals, which are currently produced from raw fossil materials. The Guerbet reaction is possible way to transformation of ethanol to 1-butanol (important for many kinds of industries), which consists of four steps: dehydrogenation, aldol condensation, dehydration, and hydrogenation. The reaction requires catalysis to favour 1-butanol, because of elimination of side reactions. The transformation was caried out via heterogeneous catalysis (Mg-Al mixed oxides with copper or cobalt) in the microflow reactor at three reaction temperatures (280, 300 and 350°C), which was the main aim of this work. The novelty especially lay in the statistically analysis of results from characterisations and catalysis (almost always omitted), which provided new perspective on the catalysis of the Guerbet reaction. The catalyst stability was proved by long term catalytic tests. The higher ethanol conversion, clear correlations of catalytic and characteristic data were achieved by copper dopped catalysts, compared to dopped by cobalt. Moreover, copper is more environmentally friendly, cheaper, and more used metal than cobalt.
Hot Tea Drinking and the Risk of Esophageal Cancer; A Hospital-based Case-control Study Tea Drinking and Risk of Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Pournaghi Seyed-Javad , Ahmadi Ali , Hamedi Andishe , Gholamalizadeh Maryam , Doaei Saeid , Lashkardoost Hossein 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose: One of the modifiable risk factors for esophageal cancer(EC) is hot beverages, but different studies have reported conflicting results. We aimed to identify the role of drinking habits in the development of EC in Iranian people.
Methods: This hospital-based case-control study was carried out on 96 people with EC and 187 subjects as controls in North Khorasan province, Iran. Socio-demographic factors and drinking habits were collected by using validated questionnaires. The association between EC and drinking habits was estimated after adjusting the effects of confounding factors such as ethnicity, education level and family history of cancer in STATA software with 95% CI.
Results: The average temperature of tea drinking in case groups were significantly higher compared to the control groups (56.9±5.9 vs 52.9±4.6ÕC, P=0.001). The tea temperature above 65° C and consumption of tea more than four times in one day, increased the risk of EC (OR: 6.1, 95% CI: 1.4-26.2, P=0.01 and OR: 10.3, 95% CI: 3.9-27.5, P<0.001, respectively). There was no significant association between cooking methods of foods and the risk of EC.
Conclusion: This study showed an association between tea temperature and the volume of tea consumption with the risk of EC. Avoiding hot food and drink may help prevent ESCC. It is suggested to design the appropriate educational intervention about prevention of these risk factors.
Evaluation of Bengali Handwritten Mathematical Equationusing Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Khan Tashfiq Nahiyan Khan , Dewanjee Rachita Dewanjee , Shorna Nushrat Jahan Shorna , Sowad MD Mejbah Ur Rahman Sowad , Shawon Md. Tanvir Rouf Shawon 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Humans are naturally capable of solving mathematical expressions, but machines lack the abilityto comprehend an issue through a visual context. Computers are gradually becoming moreadvanced and catching up with the subtlety and inaccuracy of real life. The need for an automatedsystem to check answer scripts of mathematical equations has become unparallel, especiallyfor Bengali handwritten scripts. This study checks each line of the solution of a mathematicalequation to evaluate its correctness using a deep learning approach. In contrast to earliermethods, this paper introduces a CNN architecture to verify the accuracy of a handwritten mathematicalequation in addition to solving the problem. The model reads a handwritten equationand validates its mathematical symbols and operations. A dataset has been created to evaluatethe models performance which is named ”BHQED”. The experimental result shows that theaccuracy of the proposed CNN architecture is 92.25% and the recall is 90.65% on our solelycreated dataset. To further boost the performance, this study applies the pretrained ResNet18model and substantially outperforms the CNN with an accuracy of 94.57% and recall of 93.69%.
Novel application of robust GWO-KELM model in predicting discharge coefficient of radial gates: a field data-based analysis
Authors: Roushangar Kiyoumars , Alirezazadeh Sadaghiani Arman , Shahnazi Saman 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Accurate determination of discharge capacity in radial gates as commonly designed check structures is of great importance in hydraulic engineering research. The discharge coefficient plays the most dominant role in calculating the flow discharge through the radial gates. The main goal of this study is to adopt Grey Wolf Optimization-based Kernel Extreme Learning Machine (KELM-GWO) to further improve the prediction accuracy of the discharge coefficient of radial gates. To compare the supreme performance of the proposed model, kernel-depend support vector machine (SVM) and Gaussian process regression (GPR) were employed. An extensive field database consisting of 546 data samples gathered from different types of radial gates was established for building prediction models. The modeling results indicated that the proposed KELM-GWO model (correlation coefficient [R] = 0.927, and root mean squared error [RMSE] = 0.018) and SVM model (correlation coefficient [R] = 0.940, and root mean squared error [RMSE] = 0.022) demonstrated better performance under free and submerged flow conditions, respectively. Moreover, it was found that the applied kernel-depend approaches can be suitable options to predict the discharge coefficient of radial gates under varied submergence conditions with a satisfactory level of accuracy.
Assessment of groundwater quality in Vavuniya and Mullaitivu, Sri Lanka using multivariate statistical techniques and a Water Quality Index
Authors: Meegahakumbura S. P. S. , Nanayakkara Nadeeshani 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Groundwater is the primary source of potable water in the Northern province of Sri Lanka. Extensive development projects, comprising resettlements after the civil war, resulted in more groundwater extraction. This study focused to assess water quality considering drinking by developing a Water Quality Index (WQI), applying Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and developing spatial distribution maps. Findings revealed more than 50% of samples reported total dissolved solid (TDS), hardness, and alkalinity values above the Sri Lankan drinking water quality standards (SLS 614:2013). 7 and 13% of sampling sites were in the ‘Excellent’ and ‘Poor’ subclasses, respectively. PCA results explained &gt;77% of variability by the first four principal components (PCs). PC1 and PC2 reflect geogenic processes while PC3 reflects natural processes like high rainfall and PC4 indicates anthropogenic pollution sources. HCA rendered 122 sampling sites into three clusters. An integrated map of the WQI and three clusters discovers a predominant analysis of potable water quality, highlighting the deterioration of groundwater quality mainly in the study area's 18 Grama Niladhari Divisions (GNDs). Artificial recharging at the household level and introducing proper sanitation facilities and regulations in agricultural practices shall be implemented to improve the WQI further.
Electro-Fenton mineralization of real textile wastewater by micron-sized ZVI powder anode
Authors: Xue Wenjuan , Hong Xiaoting , Du Yingying , Chen Bin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The diverse compositions and complex nature of the textile wastewater make it imperative to find an economical and suitable degradation pathway. The degradation of real textile wastewater on a novel heterogeneous electro-Fenton system was carried out with a composite anode of magnetically fixed micron ZVI coupling with a Ti/RuO2-IrO2 sheet. The influences of different variables such as mZVI dosage, H2O2 amount, applied voltage and pH value on both total organic carbon and chemical oxygen demand removal efficiencies and energy consumption were investigated. The optimized parameters were simultaneously verified by using electrochemical workstation Tafel curves and Nyquist plots. The optimal operating conditions for evaluating the wastewater treatment were H2O2 dosage of 0.10 mol·L−1, applied voltage of 5.0 V, mZVI amount of 1.0 g·L−1 and initial pH value of 3.0. The high TOC and COD removal efficiencies of 92.44 and 82.84% could be achieved simultaneously in 60 min, respectively. XRD, XPS and SEM-EDS were used to investigate the interaction between the pollutant and the mZVI. GC-MS analysis was performed on untreated and treated wastewater to determine the degradation of pollutants in dyeing wastewater during the electro-Fenton process and to effectively propose a suitable degradation mechanism for this system.
Validity of Radiographic Analyses Between Hand-Drawn and Computer-
Aided Measurements: A Double-Blinded Test-Retest Trial
Authors: Fedorchuk Curtis , Comer Robert D. , McRae Christi , Bak David , Lightstone Douglas F. 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Spinal radiographic analyses are valid and reliable practices used for patient
management in healthcare. Technologies and tools used for these analyses need to be valid and reliable.

Objective:
This study investigates repeated accuracy for validity and intra- and inter-examiner reliability
of computer-aided lateral spinal radiograph measurements using PostureRay® EMR software.

Methods:
Rectangle renderings representing lateral spinal radiographic views were created to remove
examiner interpretation of anatomical landmarks as performed on actual radiographs to examine the
objective repeated accuracy of PostureRay® software. A blind, randomized, repeated measure design
was performed using four examiners trained and experienced with the Harrison Posterior Tangent
method of measurement. Each examiner analyzed the spine renderings using a hand-drawn and PostureRay
® method multiple times. A fully crossed design whereby examiners performed multiple assessments
per rendering using each analysis method was used to assess intra- and inter-examiner reliability
within each method and a formal comparison of the two methods.

Results:
Using hand-drawn and PostureRay® methods, examiners displayed very high intra-examiner
reliability with correlation values greater than 0.999 for each combination of trials. PostureRay® method
showed consistent accuracy of measurements. Further, there was no statistical difference in average
concordance between hand-drawn and PostureRay® methods for the lateral cervical, thoracic, and
thoracolumbosacral spinal regions.

Conclusion:
This study reports a very high degree of intra- and inter-examiner reliability of radiographic
line drawing methods and establishes concurrent validity of PostureRay® EMR software in
determining angles and displacements of lateral spinal alignment as an equivalent method to the handdrawn
method.
Interactions of Butyrylcholinesterase with Neuroblastoma-associated
Oncoproteins
Authors: Baranowska-Kortylewicz Janina , Kortylewicz Zbigniew P. , McIntyre Erin M. , Sharp John G. , Coulter Don W. 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Emerging data indicate that BCHE, a gene encoding the enzyme butyrylcholinesterase,
is a negative prognostic marker in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma. Levels of butyrylcholinesterase
in children newly diagnosed with neuroblastoma are proportional to MYCN amplification and the
response to therapy. To better understand the functions of butyrylcholinesterase in neuroblastoma, we
examine interactions of this enzyme with several neuroblastoma-associated kinases and provide in depth
review of known associations.

Methods:
BCHE-deleted cells (KO) were produced from MYCN-amplified BE(2)-C cells (WT) by the
CRISPR-Cas9 targeted disruption of the BCHE locus. Activation levels of several oncoproteins and the
expression of N-Myc in KO were compared to WT cells. N-Myc protein expression, multiplexed detection
of relative protein expression and phosphorylation of 71 tyrosine kinases and 17 proteins in the
MAPK pathway were assessed using Western immunoblotting and microarrays in exponentially growing
untreated cells and in cells exposed to the genotoxic stress.

Results:
BCHE locus disruption and butyrylcholinesterase deficiency result in the loss of N-Myc protein
and a significant deactivation of several kinases associated with the aggressive neuroblastoma phenotype
as well as major changes in the phosphorylation of upstream and downstream partners of these kinases

Conclusions:
Butyrylcholinesterase appears to contribute to the activation of several pathways in
MYCN-amplified cells including FGF-R1, Ltk, TrkB, and Ros1. Deletion of BCHE and ensuing butyrylcholinesterase
deficit deactivate these pathways suggesting the role of BChE as a novel druggable target
in neuroblastoma therapy.
Unilateral Transverse Leukonychia in a Patient Receiving Isotretinoin Treatment with Concomitant Renal Impairment: A Case Report
Authors: Alsaidan Mohammed Saud 
Published: February 2023

Aims:
Leukonychia is a white discoloration of nails. Although it is usually clinically insignificant, it can serve as a clue for systemic diseases that is sometimes life-threatening.

Case Report:
A 24-year-old male patient, with resistant acne vulgaris not responding to topicals nor systemic antibiotics and with a history of renal impairment and untreated recurrent high blood pressure readings, was started on isotretinoin. Three months later, he presented with a unilateral true transverse leukonychia with a worsening renal impairment. The patient was started on antihypertensive medications. The patient was seen two months later with unilateral transverse leukonychia fading (moving distally).

Results:
Repeated laboratory tests showed slightly increased serum creatinine, improved but still high protein/creatinine ratio. The fading of leukonychia while continuing isotretinoin treatment and after starting antihypertensive medication that has a renal protective effect may indicate a renal-associated leukonychia.

Conclusion:
This is probably the first reported unilateral leukonychia without identified local/unilateral causes.