bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent Advances in Common Transition Metal‐Based Single‐Atom Nanozymes and Their Applications in Pollutant Detection and Degradation
Authors: Xie Xiaoyi , Zhang Yi , Li Dong , Fan Yuxiu , Huang Bin , Yang Xiupei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNanozymes can be used as favorable substitutes for natural enzymes because of their strong catalytic activity and good stability. At the same time, research on single‐atom catalysts (SACs) with isolated metal atoms as active centers is also in full swing, showing excellent performance in a variety of catalytic reactions. With the in‐depth study of SACs, people have a comprehensive understanding of them and put forward the concept of single‐atom nanozymes (SAzymes) by combining nanozymes with SACs. As a new type of nanomaterial, SAzymes have attracted great interest due to their remarkable catalytic activity and rapid energy conversion. However, most applications of SAzymes are mainly in the fields of biomedicine and biosensing, and less research has been done in the field of the environment. Based on the amazing ability of nanozymes to detect and degrade pollutants, SAzymes are also used in the environmental field, and even they will show better capabilities. This review mainly analyses common transition metal‐based SAzymes and describes their applications in the field of environmental pollutants.
Front Cover Image
Authors: Wu Fengming , Du Zhong , Zhang Tianhao , Jiang Lei , Zhang Lijie , Ge Siqin 
Published: August 2023

The front cover image is based on the Research Article A neurotransmitter histamine mediating phototransduction and photopreference in Callosobruchus maculatus by Fengming Wu et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.7475. Image Credit: Runzhi Zhang.
image
Boosted Ensembles of Qubit and Continuous Variable Quantum Support Vector Machines for B Meson Flavor Tagging
Authors: West Maxwell T. , Sevior Martin , Usman Muhammad 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe recent physical realization of quantum computers with hundreds of noisy qubits has given birth to an intense search for useful applications of their unique capabilities. One area that has received particular attention is quantum machine learning (QML), the study of machine learning algorithms running natively on quantum computers. In this work, QML methods are developed and applied to B meson flavor tagging, an important component of experiments which probe CP violation in order to better understand the matter‐antimatter asymmetry of the universe. One simulate boosted ensembles of quantum support vector machines (QSVMs) based on both conventional qubit‐based and continuous variable architectures, attaining effective tagging efficiencies of 28.0% and 29.2%, respectively, comparable with the leading published result of 30.0% using classical machine learning algorithms. The ensemble nature of the classifier is of particular importance, doubling the effective tagging efficiency of a single QSVM, which is find to be highly prone to overfitting. These results are obtained despite the constraint of working with QSVM architectures that are classically simulable, and it finds evidence that QSVMs beyond the simulable regime may be able to realize even higher performance, when sufficiently powerful quantum hardware is developed to execute them.
High‐throughput transcriptomic profiling of mRNAs and lncRNAs in the dermatomyositis muscle by RNA sequencing
Authors: Li Ke , Ma Yubao , Zhang Shanchun , Ban Rui , Shi Qiang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundDermatomyositis (DM) is an idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM). In this study, we investigated the mRNAs and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in muscle biopsy specimens that are differentially expressed among patients with DM, patients with other IIM, and healthy controls (HCs).MethodsIn total, three patients with DM, 10 patients with other IIM, and three HCs were included. Muscle biopsy specimens were collected for RNA‐sequencing. Gene ontology and pathway analyses were employed to characterize the biological processes and signaling pathways.ResultsCompared with HCs, 372 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified within the DM group, including 275 upregulated and 97 downregulated ones. Moreover, 692 differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified in the DM group compared with HCs, of which 407 were upregulated and 285 were downregulated. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that the type‐I interferon signaling pathway and biological processes of innate immunity were significantly influenced by the differentially expressed mRNAs. Notably, 11 of the top 20 upregulated mRNAs were involved in the type‐I interferon signaling pathway. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis verified the RNA‐sequencing data. Target gene prediction analysis suggested that the lncRNA NONHSAG043573.2 potentially targeting transporter associated with antigen processing 1, a key regulator of interferon signaling genes, might play an important role in the pathogenesis of DM.ConclusionsOur study assessed the transcriptomic profiles of differentially expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs in the DM muscle tissue and revealed that the upregulated mRNAs are significantly involved in the innate immune response and the type‐I interferon signaling pathway, which might play important roles in the pathogenesis of DM.
Reinforcement learning‐based adaptive consensus control for a class of non‐affine nonlinear multiagent systems with semi‐Markov switching topographies
Authors: Wang Zheng , Liu Jiali 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA reinforcement learning‐based adaptive consensus control method has been proposed for the non‐affine nonlinear multiagent systems with semi‐Markov switching topographies in this paper. The considered system contains the nonlinear features, multiple source disturbances and non‐affine inputs, which makes it difficult to design the consensus controller. Firstly, to overcome the adverse influence caused by the multiple disturbances existing in the nonlinear system, a reinforcement learning based adaptive disturbance observer has been designed. Secondly, to handle the unknown nonlinear terms and the non‐affine features of the control inputs, an auxiliary loop has been introduced and a reinforcement learning based adaptive control law has been designed. Finally, aiming at the semi‐Markov switching topographies possessed by the multiagent systems, a novel adaptive consensus controller integrating the reinforcement learning approximator, the adaptive disturbance observer and the consensus control law, has been proposed. Through the Lyapunov direct method, it has been proven that the tracking errors are ultimately uniformly bounded. Moreover, within an acceptable margin of error, the state of all the followers can proved to be consistent with the leader. Several numerical experiments are conducted to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed reinforcement learning‐based leader‐following consensus control law.
Earthwork digital twin for teleoperation of an automated bulldozer in edge dumping
Authors: You Ke , Zhou Cheng , Ding Lieyun , Chen Weiya , Zhang Ruwei , Xu Jindong , Wu Zhangang , Huang Chao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe unstructured construction site with a complex and changeable environment brings challenges to human–machine interaction. In this study, the earthwork digital twin (DT) is proposed to realize accurate and real‐time perception, which can support the teleoperation of an automated bulldozer. The overall framework includes anterior‐time DT, real‐time DT, and posterior‐time DT, which integrates three‐dimensional modeling, edge detection, and blade trajectory algorithms. Multidimensional heterogeneous data in bulldozer teleoperation can be displayed in real‐time to ensure construction safety. Big data during teleoperation of the construction process can be collected, stored, and analyzed. The DT proposed in this study was successfully applied in a major construction project in China, and testing results show its universality, robustness, and advanced performance. The key technologies proposed in this study can be applied to solve the common problems in the construction industry, which is promising for future intelligent construction.
The relationship between loneliness and the experiences of everyday stress and stressor‐related emotion
Authors: Kang Jee eun , Graham‐Engeland Jennifer E. , Scott Stacey , Smyth Joshua M. , Sliwinski Martin J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLoneliness influences how people experience and respond to stressors, which may account for its role as a risk factor for morbidity and mortality. The present study was motivated by emerging evidence that affective responses to minor daily events have long‐term implications for health and well‐being. Specifically, we evaluated how individual differences in loneliness relate to the frequency of everyday stressors and stressor‐related negative emotions. A diverse community sample of 255 adults (age 25–65 years) completed ecological momentary assessments (EMA), during which they reported recent stressors and current negative affect (NA) five times a day for 14 days. Multilevel logistic analyses indicated that there was a quadratic association between loneliness and likelihood of reporting stressors, controlling for demographics, social isolation, depressive symptoms, and context (current activities, current location). Multilevel regression indicated that loneliness was unrelated to the concurrent effect of stressors on NA but significantly larger lagged stressor effects were observed among individuals in the low and high ranges of loneliness. These findings suggest that individuals with high levels of loneliness are more likely to experience everyday stressors and have prolonged emotional responses following stressors.
Tight Binding and Dual Encapsulation Enabled Stable Thick Silicon/Carbon Anode with Ultrahigh Volumetric Capacity for Lithium Storage
Authors: Zhang Wen , Gui Siwei , Zhang Zihan , Li Wanming , Wang Xinxin , Wei Junhong , Tu Shuibin , Zhong Linxin , Yang Wu , Ye Hongjun , Sun Yongming , Peng Xinwen , Huang Jianyu , Yang Hui 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSilicon (Si) is regarded as one of the most promising anode materials for high‐performance lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). However, how to mitigate its poor intrinsic conductivity and the lithiation/delithiation‐induced large volume change and thus structural degradation of Si electrodes without compromising their energy density is critical for the practical application of Si in LIBs. Herein, an integration strategy is proposed for preparing a compact micron‐sized Si@G/CNF@NC composite with a tight binding and dual‐encapsulated architecture that can endow it with superior electrical conductivity and deformation resistance, contributing to excellent cycling stability and good rate performance in thick electrode. At an ultrahigh mass loading of 10.8 mg cm−2, the Si@G/CNF@NC electrode also presents a large initial areal capacity of 16.7 mA h cm−2 (volumetric capacity of 2197.7 mA h cm−3). When paired with LiNi0.95Co0.02Mn0.03O2, the pouch‐type full battery displays a highly competitive gravimetric (volumetric) energy density of ≈459.1 Wh kg−1 (≈1235.4 Wh L−1).
Two Birds with One Stone: Micro/Nanostructured SiOxCy Composites for Stable Li‐Ion and Li Metal Anodes
Authors: Fan Shangze , Cui Shiqiang , Zhang Jiangjiang , Rong Jinsheng , Wang Wenxin , Xing Xuteng , Liu Yaran , Ma Wenwen , Zhao Jing‐Tai 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDeveloping stable silicon‐based and lithium metal anodes still faces many challenges. Designing new highly practical silicon‐based anodes with low‐volume expansion and high electrical conductivity, and inhibiting lithium dendrite growth are avenues for developing silicon‐based and lithium metal anodes, respectively. In this study, SiOxCy microtubes are synthesized using a chemical vapor deposition method. As Li‐ion battery anodes, the as‐prepared SiOxCy not only combines the advantages of nanomaterials and the practical properties of micromaterials, but also exhibits high initial Coulombic efficiency (80.3%), low volume fluctuations (20.4%), and high cyclability (98% capacity retention after 1000 cycles). Furthermore, SiOxCy, as a lithium deposition substrate, can effectively promote the uniform deposition of metallic lithium. As a result, low nucleation overpotential (only 6.0 mV) and high Coulombic efficiency (≈98.9% after 650 cycles, 1.0 mA cm−2 and 1.0 mAh cm−2) are obtained on half cells, as well as small voltage hysteresis (only 9.5 mV, at 1.0 mA cm−2) on symmetric cells based on SiOxCy. Full batteries based on both SiOxCy and SiOxCy@Li anodes demonstrate great practicality. This work provides a new perspective for the simultaneous development of practical SiOxCy and dendrite‐free lithium metal anodes.
Multilingual Learning Inside/Outside the Classroom: Insights from Intra‐Active Events
Authors: Liaw Marsha Jing Ji , Botelho Maria José , Lau Sunny Man Chu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAs K‐5 dual language programs gain popularity in the United States, language teaching, however, often still prioritizes discrete and decontextualized learning that is not built on students’ interests and experiences or their multilingual and multimodal resources. This article reports on a classroom‐based ethnographic case study and illustrates how emergent bilinguals in a fifth grade dual language class engaged in a variety of multimodal experiences to understand local history through their first and second languages, community‐based inquiries, and writing. Drawing on translanguaging and new materialist understandings of language and literacy, the authors describe intra‐active events generated through museum activities and discussions in English and Chinese that allowed students to assemble whole‐body experiences and discussions in their journal writing about a day in the 18th century. The study shows how translanguaging can foster students’ engagement in learning as assemblages of their multilingual, multimodal, and multisensory experiences and support their writing processes and products, not only in a second language, but all language and literacy classrooms.
Fate of herbicides in cropped lysimeters: 1. Influence of different processes and model structure on vadose zone flow
Authors: Imig Anne , Augustin Lea , Groh Jannis , Pütz Thomas , Zhou Tiantian , Einsiedl Florian , Rein Arno 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUnderstanding transport and fate processes in the subsurface is of fundamental importance to identify the leaching potentials of herbicides or other compounds to groundwater resources. HYDRUS‐1D was used to simulate water flow and solute transport in arable land lysimeters. Simulations were compared to observed drainage rates and stable water isotopes (δ18O) in the drainage. Four different model setups were investigated and statistically evaluated for their model performance to identify dominant processes for water flow characterization in the vadose zone under similar cultivation management and climatic conditions. The studied lysimeters contain soil cores dominated by sandy gravel (Ly1) and clayey sandy silt (Ly2), both cropped with maize located in Wielenbach, Germany. First, a single‐porosity setup was chosen. For Ly1, modeling results were satisfactory, but for Ly2, the damping observed in the isotope signature of the drainage could not be fully covered. By considering immobile water with a dual‐porosity setup for Ly2, model performance improved. This could be due to a higher fraction of fine pores in Ly2 available for water storage, leading to mixing processes of isotopically enriched summer precipitation and lighter winter water. Accounting for isotopic evaporation fractionation processes in both model setups did not lead to improved model performance. Consequentially, the difference in soil hydraulic properties between the two lysimeters seems to impact water flow processes. Knowledge of such differences is crucial to prevent contamination and mitigate potential risks to soil and groundwater.
Dynamical analysis for a diffusive SVEIR epidemic model with nonlinear incidences
Authors: Zhou Pan , Wang Jianpeng , Teng Zhidong , Wang Kai 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this article, we are concerned with a diffusive SVEIR epidemic model with nonlinear incidences. We first obtain the well-posedness of solutions for the model. Then, the basic reproduction number$$R_{0}$$R0and the local basic reproduction number$${\overline{R}}_{0}(x)$$R¯0(x)are calculated, which are defined as the spectral radii of the next-generation operators. The relationship between$$R_{0}$$R0and$${\overline{R}}_{0}(x)$$R¯0(x)as well as the asymptotic properties of$$R_{0}$$R0when the diffusive rates tend to infinity or zero is investigated by introducing two compact linear operators$$L_{1}$$L1and$$L_{2}$$L2. Using the theory of monotone dynamical systems and the persistence theory of dynamical systems, we show that the disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable when$$R_{0}<1$$R0<1, while the disease is uniformly persistent when$$R_{0}>1$$R0>1. Furthermore, in the spatially homogeneous case, by using the Lyapunov functions method and LaSalle’s invariance principle, we completely obtain that the disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable if$$R_{0}\le 1$$R0≤1, and the endemic equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable if$$R_{0}>1$$R0>1and an additional condition is satisfied.
Multi-pass Bayesian estimation: a robust Bayesian method
Authors: Lei Yeming , Zhou Shijie , Filar Jerzy , Ye Nan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe prior plays a central role in Bayesian inference but specifying a prior is often difficult and a prior considered appropriate by a modeler may be significantly biased. We propose multi-pass Bayesian estimation (MBE), a robust Bayesian method capable of adjusting the prior’s influence on the inference result based on the prior’s quality. MBE adjusts the relative importance of the prior and the data by iteratively performing approximate Bayesian updates on the given data, with the number of updates determined using a cross-validation method. The repeated use of the data resembles the data cloning method, but data cloning performs maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), while MBE interpolates between standard Bayesian inference and MLE; there are also algorithmic differences in how MBE and data cloning make repeated use of the data. Alternatively, MBE can be considered a method for constructing a new prior from the given initial prior and the data. We additionally provide a new non-asymptotic bound on the convergence of data cloning, and provide an MBE-like iterative heuristic approach which achieves faster convergence speed by boosting posterior variance. In numerical simulations on several simulated and real-world datasets, MBE provides robust inference results as compared to standard Bayesian inference and MLE.
Magnetic seed versus skin tattoo localization of non-palpable breast lesions: a single institution cohort study
Authors: D’Angelo Anna , Scardina Lorenzo , Palma Simone , Cicero Stefano Lo , Maresca Alessandro , Caprini Flavia , Biondi Ersilia , Franco Antonio , Terribile Daniela , Franceschini Gianluca , Belli Paolo , Manfredi Riccardo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
The objective of this retrospective study was to investigate the accuracy and feasibility of magnetic seed compared to skin tattoo in preoperative localization of impalpable breast lesions in terms of accuracy of placement, re-excision and positive margins rates, and breast/surgical specimen volume ratio.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 77 patients who underwent breast conservative surgery in our center from November 2020 to November 2021, with previous localization with skin tattoo or magnetic seed.

Results
Thirty-seven magnetic seeds were placed in 36 patients (48.6%) and 40 skin tattoos were performed in the remaining cases (51.4%). The seeds were placed correctly at the two-view mammogram acquired after the insertion in 97.6% (36/37) of cases. With both methods, 100% of the index lesions were completely removed and found in the surgical specimen. The reported re-excision rate was 0% for both groups. A significant difference was observed in the volume of breast parenchyma removed between the two groups, inferior in the seed group (p = 0.046), especially in case of voluminous breasts (p = 0.003) and small lesions (dimension < 8 mm, p = 0.019).

Conclusions
Magnetic seed is a non-radioactive localization technique, feasible to place, recommended in case of non-palpable breast lesions, saving the breast parenchyma removed compared with skin tattoo, without reducing the accuracy.

Clinical relevance statement
Our findings contribute to the current evidence on preoperative localization techniques for non-palpable breast lesions, highlighting the efficacy of magnetic seed localization for deep and small lesions.

Key Points
• Magnetic seed is a non-radioactive technique for the preoperative localization of non-palpable breast lesions studied in comparison with skin tattoo.
• Magnetic seed is feasible to place in terms of post-placement migration and distance from the target lesion.
• Magnetic seed is recommended in case of non-palpable breast lesions, saving the breast parenchyma removed without reducing the accuracy.
Vorschulkinder und digitale Medien in der Zweiten Moderne
Authors: Paulus Frank W. , Gerstner Ida 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungDigitale Medien durchdringen zunehmend den Alltag von Vorschul‑, Kleinkindern und Säuglingen. Das Elternhaus, aber zunehmend auch Krippe und Kindergarten sind zentrale Orte für die frühe Mediensozialisation. Eltern sind Modell der Mediennutzung für ihre Kinder, stellen Mediennutzungsregeln auf und verfolgen diese nachhaltig (oder nicht). Die Digitalisierung birgt neben Fortschritt auch Risiken. Die Nutzung digitaler Endgeräte kann nachweislich die psychosoziale und emotionale Entwicklung des Kindes negativ beeinflussen, aber auch das Schlaf- und Essverhalten sowie die kognitive, sprachliche und motorische Entwicklung. Die Studien zur Verfügbarkeit und zu den Nutzungszeiten digitaler Medien von Kindern im Alter zwischen 0 bis 5 Jahren stehen im Widerspruch zu den Empfehlungen pädiatrischer Fachverbände. Gesamtgesellschaftlich fehlt es an einer nachhaltigen Umsetzung dieser Empfehlungen zum Wohle des Kindes, zur Wahrung seiner Chancen auf eine gesunde Entwicklung und Entfaltung seines Potenzials und zur Unterbrechung der Armutsspirale.