bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Room Temperature Hydroxyl Group‐Assisted Preparation of Hydrophobicity‐Adjustable Metal‐Organic Framework UiO‐66 Composites: Towards Continuous Oil Collection and Emulsion Separation
Authors: Xiang Wenlong , Liu Huiwen , Zhu Jiabin , Gong Hongyang , Cao Qizheng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDeveloping a straightforward and effective hydrophobic modification for metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) under mild conditions is meaningful for MOF applications. Here, a post‐synthetic modification approach assisted with metal hydroxyl groups at room temperature is reported to induce hydrophobicity in the hydrophilic UiO‐66. The bonding between Zr−OH in UiO‐66 and n‐tetradecylphosphonic acid (TDPA) is the vital force for the modifier TDPA. Superhydrophobic and superoleophilic composites were constructed for efficient oil‐water separation by coating TDPA‐modified UiO‐66 (P‐UiO‐66) on commercial melamine sponges (MS) and filter papers (FP) with water contact angles of 153.2° and 155.6°, respectively. The P‐UiO‐66/MS composite could quickly and selectively absorb oily liquids up to 43 times its weight from water. The P‐UiO‐66/MS achieved continuous oil collection with high separation efficiencies (≥99.4 %). In addition, P‐UiO‐66/FP and P‐UiO‐66/MS showed high separation efficiencies for water‐in‐oil emulsions (≥98.5 %) and oil‐in‐water emulsions, respectively, with high resistance to low/high temperatures and acid/base conditions. The metal hydroxyl group‐assisted post‐synthetic modification strategy offers a facile and broad way to prepare hydrophobic MOFs for promising applications in environmental fields.
Clinical implications of different types of dementia in patients with atrial fibrillation: Insights from a global federated health network analysis
Authors: Proietti Riccardo , Rivera‐Caravaca José Miguel , López‐Gálvez Raquel , Harrison Stephanie L. , Buckley Benjamin J. R. , Marín Francisco , Underhill Paula , Shantsila Eduard , Shantsila Alena , Davies Rhys , Lane Deirdre A. , Lip Gregory Y. H. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) associates with higher Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia risks but the clinical implications have been scarcely investigated. We examined the association between AD or vascular dementia and adverse outcomes in AF patients.MethodsCohort study between January 2000 and 2017. AF patients were divided into two groups according to vascular dementia or AD, and balanced using propensity score matching (PSM). During 4‐years of follow‐up, incident intracranial hemorrhages (ICH), the composite of ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA), hospitalizations, and all‐cause deaths, were recorded.ResultsTwo thousand three hundred seventy‐seven AF patients with dementia (1225 with vascular dementia, and 1152 with AD) were identified. Following a PSM, 615 patients were included in each cohort (i.e., 1:1) and all variables were well‐matched. After PSM, 22 (3.6%) patients with vascular dementia and 55 (8.1%) patients with AD had incident ICH during follow‐up (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.22, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.33−3.70, log‐rank p = 0.002). Overall, 237 (38.5%) patients with vascular dementia and 193 (31.4%) patients with AD, developed an ischemic stroke/TIA. The risk of ischemic stroke/TIA was 1.32‐fold higher in vascular dementia (HR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.09−1.59, log‐rank p = 0.003). The risk of rehospitalization (HR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.01−1.31), and mortality (HR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.01−1.58) were also higher among AF patients with vascular dementia compared to AD.ConclusionsThe two forms of dementia in AF patients are associated with different prognosis, with AD being associated with a higher risk of ICH, and vascular dementia with a higher risk of stroke/TIA, hospitalization, and mortality.
Top advances of the year: Breast cancer
Authors: Saavedra Cristina , Gion María , Cortés Javier , Llombart‐Cussac Antonio 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAlthough breast cancer has led the way toward precision medicine, more research is still needed to increase curation rates in patients with early disease and to prolong survival with an optimal quality of life in the metastatic setting. Last year, big advances were achieved toward these goals thanks to the significant impact of immunotherapy on survival in triple‐negative breast cancer and the exciting results of antibody‐drug conjugates.Plain Language Summary

The development of new drugs and biomarkers to select those patients who will benefit of them are crucial in improving survival in breast cancer.

Last year, the emergence of antibody‐drug conjugates and the reaffirmation of the potential of immunotherapy in breast cancer were the most important findings.
Hemodynamic performance evaluation of neonatal ECMO double lumen cannula using fluid–structure interaction
Authors: Ahmad Faiq , Cheema Taqi Ahmad , Rehman Khawar , Ullah Minhaj , Jamil Muhammad , Park Cheol Woo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractExtra corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an artificial oxygenation facility, employed in situations of cardio‐pulmonary failure. Some diseases i.e., acute respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary hypertension, corona virus disease (COVID‐19) etc. affect oxygenation performance of the lungs thus requiring the need of artificial oxygenation. Critical care teams used ECMO technique during the COVID‐19 pandemic to support the heart and lungs of COVID‐19 patients who had an acute respiratory or cardiac failure. Double Lumen Cannula (DLC) is one of the most critical components of ECMO as it resides inside the patient and, connects patient with external oxygenation circuit. DLC facilitates delivery and drainage of blood from the patient's body. DLC is characterized by delicate balance of internal and external flows inside a limited space of the right atrium (RA). An optimal performance of the DLC necessitates structural stability under biological and hemodynamic loads, a fact that has been overlooked by previously published studies. In the past, many researchers experimentally and computationally investigated the hemodynamic performance of DLC by employing Eulerian approach, which evaluate instantaneous blood damage without considering blood shear exposure history (qualitative assessment only). The present study is an attempt to address the aforementioned limitations of the previous studies by employing Lagrangian (quantitative assessment) and incorporating the effect of fluid–structure interaction (FSI) to study the hemodynamic performance of neonatal DLC. The study was performed by solving three‐dimensional continuity, momentum, and structural mechanics equation(s) by numerical methods for the blood flow through neonatal DLC. A two‐way coupled FSI analysis was performed to analyze the effect of DLC structural deformation on its hemodynamic performance. Results show that the return lumen was the most critical section with maximum pressure drop, velocity, shear stresses, and blood damage. Recirculation and residence time of blood in the right atrium (RA) increases with increasing blood flow rates. Considering the structural deformation has led to higher blood damage inside the DLC‐atrium system. Maximum Von‐Mises stress was present on the side edges of the return lumen that showed direct proportionality with the blood flow rate.
Structural, Morphological, and Magnetic Properties of Ba, Sm Doped and Ba–Sm Co‐Doped BiFeO3 Nanocrystalline Thin Films Deposited by a Spin Coating Method
Authors: Kambhala Nagaiah , Angappane S. , Akkera Harish Sharma 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn the present work, the BiFeO3, Bi0.9Ba0.1FeO3, Bi0.9Sm0.1FeO3, and Bi0.9Ba0.05Sm0.05FeO3 nanocrystalline thin films on Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si (100) substrate are synthesized using the spin coating method, and the structural, morphological, and magnetic properties are systematically investigated. The X‐ray diffraction studies reveal that BiFeO3, Bi0.9Ba0.1FeO3, and Bi0.9Sm0.1FeO3 films exhibit a polycrystalline distorted rhombohedra crystal structure and belong to the R3c space group, whereas, Bi0.9Ba0.05Sm0.05FeO3 nanocrystalline film has shown a pure rhombohedral crystal structure. The grain size of the films is found to be 86, 75, and 63 nm for Bi0.9Ba0.1FeO3, Bi0.9Sm0.1FeO3, and Bi0.9Ba0.05Sm0.05FeO3, respectively. M−H measurements show that the magnetization considerably increases with Ba and Sm doping, and the highest magnetization is found to be 29 and 22 emu cm−3 at 10 and 300 K, respectively, in Bi0.9Sm0.1FeO3 film. Further, the blocking temperatures are found to be 100, 150, 130, and 50 K for BiFeO3, Bi0.9Ba0.1FeO3, Bi0.9Ba0.05Sm0.05FeO3, and Bi0.9Sm0.1FeO3, respectively.
The relationship between corporate purpose and the sustainable development goals in large Japanese companies
Authors: Sasaki Kyoko , Stubbs Wendy , Farrelly Megan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSociety increasingly expects large companies to broaden their corporate purpose beyond profit maximization, and play a greater role in addressing the United Nations sustainable development goals (SDGs). This article poses the research question: What is the relationship between corporate purpose and the SDGs?, and develops a model to explain this relationship drawing upon semistructured interviews with managers of Fortune Global 500 companies in Japan. The findings suggest two perspectives of corporate purpose, goal‐based and duty‐based, influence the relationship. Two‐thirds of the companies implemented both perspectives and integrated the SDGs at multiple levels in their organizations whereas one‐third only implemented duty‐based purpose and integrated the SDGs at the operational level. The paper contributes to theorizing the relationship between corporate purpose and corporate engagement with the SDGs drawing upon empirical evidence. The model provides guidance to managers on how to use the purpose to help drive their contributions to the SDGs.
From capture to transport: A review of engineered surfaces for fog collection
Authors: Jiang Youhua , Machado Christian , Park Kyoo‐Chul K. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCollecting microscale water droplets suspended in the wind, that is, fog, using permeable surfaces is a promising solution to the worldwide problem of water scarcity and is of great interest to industries, such as mist elimination and recapturing water in cooling towers. In the past few decades, this topic has attracted a drastically increasing number of researchers across a wide range of subjects. However, many aspects remain unclear, such as the definition and process of fog collection, fog collection determined from the perspectives of both the fog capture process and the liquid transport process, and how surface characteristics affect fog collection performance. In this review, we introduce and discuss fog collection from the perspectives of aerodynamics‐governed fog‐capturing processes and interfacial‐phenomena‐determined liquid transport processes. Then, an emphasis is given to the design and engineering of permeable surfaces at different length scales to optimize the fog collection performance, including the dimension, morphology, and arrangement of wires at the millimetric scale, unidirectional spreading, and Laplace pressure gradient induced by asymmetric surface geometry and nano‐/microstructures. At last, a brief outlook of future research directions is provided.
Droplet interface in additive manufacturing: From process to application
Authors: Sun Zhengnan , Zeng Xu , Deng Xu , Zhang Xiaosheng , Zhang Yi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM), which is often referred to as three‐dimensional printing, revolutionizes manufacturing by providing a high degree of design freedom and customization. Several AM methods entail precise control of droplet interfacial properties to ensure the high quality of the printed products. At the same time, the rapid growth of AM technology has made it possible to prepare novel surfaces with complex structures, further expanding the range of potential applications of droplet interface. To provide a unified framework to guide the continuous development of AM that involves droplet interface, this manuscript reviews related work in this field from two aspects—the droplet interface phenomenon in AM processes and the applications of droplet interface prepared by AM. Limitations of existing works are discussed, and potential future directions are suggested.
Exploring the relationship between food disgust and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) presentations in a non‐clinical collegiate sample
Authors: Breiner Courtney E. , Miller McKenzie L. , Hamilton Antonia L. , Cruz Garcia Susana , Sanzari Christina M. , Hormes Julia M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveDisgust is an established mechanism driving restrictive eating behavior. Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is a restrictive eating disorder diagnosis characterized by extremely selective eating with three hypothesized presentations. It has been suggested that disgust is significantly associated with ARFID; however, there is limited empirical research to support this hypothesis. This study explores relationships between food‐specific disgust, ARFID symptoms, and ARFID presentations.MethodUndergraduate students (n = 443, Mage = 19.14 years [SD = 1.25], 50.1% female, 52.7% White) completed a validated measure of food‐specific disgust and an established self‐report screening tool for the likely presence of ARFID and hypothesized ARFID presentations.ResultsSixty‐nine (14.5%) participants screened positively for the likely presence of ARFID. Food disgust did not differ between those who did and did not screen positively for ARFID (p > .05). Within the subsample of those screening positive for ARFID, disgust was not related to any of the three hypothesized presentations of ARFID (all p > .05).DiscussionOur results did not show a significant association between disgust and positive ARFID screen or any of the hypothesized ARFID presentations. Importantly, these negative findings were obtained using validated screening tools for ARFID. Future research should seek to replicate these findings in clinical samples to further inform treatment.Public SignificanceAvoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is associated with significant medical and psychosocial complications, but the mechanism involved in its development and maintenance remain poorly understood. Findings from this study of college students screening positively for ARFID suggests that food disgust in not a key driver of ARFID symptoms. Exposure‐based approaches, which are generally not thought to be effective in targeting disgust, may thus be appropriate in the treatment of ARFID.
Food insecurity and binge eating: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Abene Jessica A. , Tong Jiayi , Minuk Jeffrey , Lindenfeldar Gretchen , Chen Yong , Chao Ariana M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis review synthesized literature on the relationship between food insecurity and binge eating.MethodsRelevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and gray literature from inception to October 2022. Eligible studies included primary research that assessed the relationship between food insecurity and binge eating. Data extraction was performed independently by two reviewers. Pooled odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were obtained from random effect models with the R package meta. Analyses were stratified by binge eating versus binge‐eating disorder (BED), study type (cross‐sectional vs. longitudinal), and age (adults vs. adolescents).ResultsWe included 24 articles that reported on 20 studies, and 13 articles were included in the meta‐analysis. Based on the random effects meta‐analysis, the odds of adults in the food insecure group having binge eating were 1.66 (95% CI = 1.42, 1.93) times the odds of adults in the food secure group having binge eating. The odds of adults in the food insecure group having BED were 2.70 (95% CI = 1.47, 4.96) times the odds of adults in the food secure group having BED. Insufficient data were available for a meta‐analysis on adolescents or longitudinal relationships.ConclusionsThese findings support that food insecurity is associated with binge eating in adults. There is a need for research to investigate the mechanisms underlying this relationship. Results highlight the importance of screening participants with food insecurity for disordered eating behaviors and vice versa. Future research is needed to examine whether interventions targeting food insecurity may help to mitigate disordered eating behaviors.Public SignificanceFood insecurity is a common but under‐recognized contributor to binge eating. In this article, we systematically reviewed research that has been published on the relationship between food insecurity and binge eating. We found support that food insecurity should be considered in the prevention and treatment of binge eating.
Resource modification by ecosystem engineers generates hotspots of stream community assembly and ecosystem function
Authors: Tumolo Benjamin B. , Albertson Lindsey K. , Cross Wyatt F. , Poole Geoffrey C. , Davenport Grace , Daniels Melinda D. , Sklar Leonard S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEcosystem engineers can generate hotspots of ecological structure and function by facilitating the aggregation of both resources and consumers. However, nearly all examples of such engineered hotspots come from long‐lived foundation species, such as marine and freshwater mussels, intertidal cordgrasses, and alpine cushion plants, with less attention given to small‐bodied and short‐lived animals. Insects often have rapid life cycles and high population densities and are among the most diverse and ubiquitous animals on earth. Although these taxa have the potential to generate hotspots and heterogeneity comparable to that of foundation species, few studies have examined this possibility. We conducted a mesocosm experiment to examine the degree to which a stream insect ecosystem engineer, the net‐spinning caddisfly (Tricoptera:Hydropsychidae), creates hotspots by facilitating invertebrate community assembly. Our experiment used two treatments: (1) stream benthic habitat with patches of caddisfly engineers present and (2) a control treatment with no caddisflies present. We show that compared to controls, caddisflies increased local resource availability measured as particulate organic matter (POM) by 43%, ecosystem respiration (ER) by 70%, and invertebrate density, biomass, and richness by 96%, 244%, and 72%, respectively. These changes resulted in increased spatial variation of POM by 25%, invertebrate density by 76%, and ER by 29% compared to controls, indicating a strong effect of caddisflies on ecological heterogeneity. We found a positive relationship between invertebrate density and ammonium concentration in the caddisfly treatment, but no such relationship in the control, indicating that either caddisflies themselves or the invertebrate aggregations they create increased nutrient availability. When accounting for the amount of POM, caddisfly treatments increased invertebrate density by 48% and richness by 40% compared to controls, suggesting that caddisflies may also enhance the nutritional quality of resources for the invertebrate assemblage. The caddisfly treatment also increased the rate of ecosystem respiration as a function of increasing POM compared to the control. Our study demonstrates that insect ecosystem engineers can generate heterogeneity by concentrating local resources and consumers, with consequences for carbon and nutrient cycling.
Hypoglycaemic activity of biosynthesized copper oxide nanoparticles in alloxan‐induced diabetic Wister rats
Authors: Umar Maimuna Bello , Daniel Augustine Innalegwu , Tijani Jimoh Oladejo , Akinleye Rebecca Olufemi , Smith Enriquay , Keyster Marshall , Klein Ashwil 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder that affects the body's ability to produce or use insulin. This study evaluated the hypoglycaemic activity of biosynthesized copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO‐NPs) in alloxan‐induced diabetic Wister rats.MethodsCuO‐NPs were synthesized via the green route and characterized using different analytical tools. Diabetes was induced intraperitoneally using 90 mg/kg body weight of alloxan monohydrate in albino rats. Thirty (30) rats were randomly divided into 5 groups of 6 rats each and orally treated for 21 days. Groups I and II were treated with 300 mg/kg bwt Cereus hildmannianus extract and CuO‐NPs, respectively. Groups III and IV received 5 mg/kg bwt of Glibenclamide and 2 mL of normal saline, respectively, while Group V was left untreated as the diabetic control. Blood glucose (BG) levels and body weight changes were monitored at 3‐ and 7‐day intervals, respectively, throughout 21‐day treatment period. Lipid profiles, enzyme assays and histopathological studies of the liver were also carried out.ResultsSpheroidal tenorite phase of CuO‐NPs with a crystallite size of 62.57 nm, surface area (20.64 m2/g) and a UV‐maximum absorption at 214.27 nm was formed. The diabetic rats treated with 300 mg/kg bwt CuO‐NPs had the highest BG lowering ability (from 482.75 ± 27.70 to 124.50 ± 2.50 mg/dL). A significant difference (p < 0.05) in weight gain and serum enzymes was also observed in the CuO‐NPs treated group compared with other groups. The CuO‐NPs‐treated group had a significant increase (p < 0.05) in HDL‐cholesterol and a decrease in total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL‐cholesterol and VLDL‐cholesterol compared with other groups.ConclusionThe green synthesized CuO‐NPs nanoparticles significantly reduced (p < 0.05) blood glucose levels in rats and other associated indices and could serve as drug lead in the treatment of diabetes.
Deep Red Emitting Heteroleptic Ir(III) Complexes that Incorporate Unsymmetrical 4‐quinoline Carboxylic Acid Derived Ligands
Authors: Elgar Christopher E. , Otaif Haleema Y. , Beames Joseph M. , Horton Peter N. , Coles Simon J. , Hallett Andrew J. , O'Kell Sean P. , Pope Simon J. A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSix disubstituted ligands based upon 2‐(2′‐pyridinyl/pyrazinyl)quinoline‐4‐carboxylic acids have been synthesised, solvent‐free, in one step from a range of commercially available isatin derivatives. These species behave as ancillary chelating ligands for Ir(III) complexes of the form [Ir(C^N)2(N^N)]PF6 (where C^N=cyclometalating ligand; N^N=2‐(2′‐pyridinyl/pyrazinyl)quinoline‐4‐carboxylic acids). An X‐ray crystallographic study on one complex shows a distorted octahedral geometry wherein a cis‐C,C and trans‐N,N coordination mode is observed for the cyclometalating ligands. DFT calculations predicted that variations in N^N ligand from 2,2′‐bipyridine to L1–6 should localise the LUMO on to the Ln ligand and that the complexes are predicted to display MLCT/LLCT character. All complexes displayed luminescence in the deep red part of the visible region (674–679 nm) and emit from triplet states, but with little apparent tuning as a function of L1–6. Further time‐resolved transient absorption spectroscopy supports the participation of these triplet states to the excited state character.