bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vegetation, topography, and soil depth drive microbial community structure in two Swedish grasslands
Authors: Guasconi Daniela , Juhanson Jaanis , Clemmensen Karina E , Cousins Sara A O , Hugelius Gustaf , Manzoni Stefano , Roth Nina , Fransson Petra 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Soil microbial diversity and community composition are shaped by various factors linked to land management, topographic position, and vegetation. To study the effects of these drivers, we characterized fungal and bacterial communities from bulk soil at four soil depths ranging from the surface to below the rooting zone of two Swedish grasslands with differing land-use histories, each including both an upper and a lower catenary position. We hypothesized that differences in plant species richness and plant functional group composition between the four study sites would drive the variation in soil microbial community composition and correlate with microbial diversity, and that microbial biomass and diversity would decrease with soil depth following a decline in resource availability. While vegetation was identified as the main driver of microbial community composition, the explained variation was significantly higher for bacteria than for fungi, and the communities differed more between grasslands than between catenary positions. Microbial biomass derived from DNA abundance decreased with depth, but diversity remained relatively stable, indicating diverse microbial communities even below the rooting zone. Finally, plant-microbial diversity correlations were significant only for specific plant and fungal functional groups, emphasizing the importance of functional interactions over general species richness.
Genetic and healthy lifestyle factors in relation to the incidence and prognosis of severe liver disease in the Chinese population
Authors: Pang Yuanjie , Lv Jun , Kartsonaki Christiana , Yu Canqing , Guo Yu , Chen Yiping , Yang Ling , Millwood Iona Y. , Walters Robin G. , Lv Silu , Burgess Sushila , Sansome Sam , Chen Junshi , Chen Zhengming , Li Liming 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background:
Severe liver disease (SLD), including cirrhosis and liver cancer, constitutes a major disease burden in China. We aimed to examine the association of genetic and healthy lifestyle factors with the incidence and prognosis of SLD.

Methods:
The study population included 504,009 participants from the prospective China Kadoorie Biobank aged 30–79 years. The individuals were from 10 diverse areas in China without a history of cancer or liver disease at baseline. Cox regression was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for incident SLD and death after SLD diagnosis associated with healthy lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol, physical activity, and central adiposity). Additionally, the contribution of genetic risk for hepatitis B virus (HBV, assessed by genetic variants in major histocompatibility complex, class II, DP/DQ [HLA-DP/DQ] genes) was also estimated.

Results:
Compared with those with 0–1 healthy lifestyle factor, participants with 2, 3, and 4 factors had 12% (HR 0.88 [95% confidence interval [CI] 0.85, 0.92]), 26% (HR 0.74 [95%CI: 0.69, 0.79]), and 44% (HR 0.56 [95%CI: 0.48, 0.65]) lower risks of SLD, respectively. Inverse associations were observed among participants with both low and high genetic risks (HR per 1-point increase 0.83 [95%CI: 0.74, 0.94] and 0.91 [95%CI: 0.82, 1.02], respectively; P
interaction = 0.51), although with a non-significant trend among those with a high genetic risk. Inverse associations were also observed between healthy lifestyle factors and liver biomarkers regardless of the genetic risk. Despite the limited power, healthy lifestyle factors were associated with a lower risk of death after incident SLD among participants with a low genetic risk (HR 0.59 [95%CI: 0.37, 0.96]).

Conclusions:
Lifestyle modification may be beneficial in terms of lowering the risk of SLD regardless of the genetic risk. Moreover, it is also important for improving the prognosis of SLD in individuals with a low genetic risk. Future studies are warranted to examine the impact of healthy lifestyles on SLD prognosis, particularly among individuals with a high genetic risk.
Effects of different exercise modalities on lipid profile in the elderly population: A meta-analysis
Authors: Yun Hezhang , Su Wenbo , Zhao Haotian , Li Huixin , Wang Zhongjie , Cui Xianyou , Xi Changjin , Gao Ruirui , Sun Yaowei , Liu Chang 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Dyslipidemia, characterized by elevated total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), as well as decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), has long been recognized as a major risk factor for age-related diseases. Recent studies have shown that exercise can be effective in mitigating dyslipidemia in older adults. The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the effects of different exercise modalities (aerobic exercise [AE], resistance exercise [RE], aerobic+resistance exercise [AE+RE], and high-intensity interval training) on lipid profile in the elderly population, in order to identify the most effective exercise modality for maintaining lipid profile health in older adults.

Methods:
A comprehensive database search of PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang database. Eligible studies were individually assessed according to the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool version 2, and the data were analyzed and processed using RevMan 5.4.1 analysis software.

Results:
This study identified 20 randomized controlled trials with a total of 988 subjects, of which 541 were in the exercise group and 447 in the control group. Our analysis showed that AE significantly reduced TC (P < .05), triglycerides (P < .01), and LDL-C (P < .01), while increasing HDL-C (P < .01) in the elderly population. RE significantly reduced the elevation of TC (P < .01) and LDL-C (P < .05) indices in the elderly population, while AE+RE had a significant effect on decreasing TC (P < .01) and LDL-C (P < .01) indices.

Conclusion:
Our analysis indicates that AE is the most effective exercise modality for reducing dyslipidemia in older adults, compared to RE, AE+RE, and high-intensity interval training. These findings suggest that AE should be promoted as an important lifestyle intervention to improve lipid profile health in the elderly population. However, further research is needed to investigate the optimal duration, frequency, and intensity of AE required to achieve the most beneficial effects on lipid profile health in older adults.
Imaging Characteristics Predictive of Cervical Extranodal Tumor Extension in Patients With Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Hancioglu Tugce , Pekcevik Yeliz , Akdogan Aslı Irmak , Kucuk Ulku , Ekmekci Sumeyye , Arslan Ilker Burak , Cukurova Ibrahim 
Published: July 2023

Objectives
The aims of the study were to determine the predictive imaging findings of extranodal extension (ENE) in metastatic cervical lymph nodes of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and to investigate the interobserver agreement among radiologists with different experience levels.

Materials and Methods
Patients with cervical lymph node dissection and who had metastatic lymph nodes and preoperative imaging were included. Three radiologists evaluated nodal necrosis, irregular contour, gross invasion, and perinodal fat stranding. They also noted their overall impression regarding the presence of the ENE. Sensitivity, specificity, odds ratios based on logistic regression, and interobserver agreement of ENE status were calculated.

Results
Of 106 lymph nodes (that met inclusion criteria), 31 had radiologically determined ENE. On pathologic examination, 22 of 31 nodes were positive for ENE. The increasing number of metastatic lymph nodes was associated with the presence of the ENE (P = 0.010). Irregular contour had the highest sensitivity (78.6%) and gross invasion had the highest specificity (96%) for the determination of the ENE. The radiologists' impression regarding the presence of the pathlogical ENE had 39.3% sensitivity and 82% specificity. Metastatic lymph nodes with a perinodal fat stranding and with the longest diameter of greater than 2 cm were found to be strong predictors of the ENE. The gross invasion demonstrated the highest κ value (0.731) among the evaluated imaging criteria.

Conclusions
In the assessment of ENE, the gross invasion had the highest specificity among imaging features and showed the highest interobserver agreement. Perinodal fat stranding and the longest diameter of greater than 2 cm in a metastatic lymph node were the best predictors of the ENE.
Argentine Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women and Men Aged 50 Years and Older
Authors: Brance María L. , Larroudé María S. , Zamora Natalia V. , Bagur Alicia , Graf César E. , Giacoia Evangelina , Diehl María , Somma Luis F. , Schneeberger Emilce , Salerni Helena H. , Rey Paula , Varsavsky Mariela , González Diana C. , Massari Fabio , Sánchez Julio A. , Galich Ana M. , Berbotto Guillermo , García María L. , Zanchetta María Belén , Martínez Muñoz Alejandro , Chavero Ignacio , Ramirez Stieben Luis A. , Maher María C. , Abdala Rubén , Pérez Betiana , De La Vega María C. , Mansur José L. , Brun Lucas R. ,   On Behalf AAOMM (Argentinean Association of Osteology and Mineral Metabolism), SAO (Argentinean Osteoporosis Society), and SAR (Argentinean Rheumatology Society)
Published: July 2023

Objective
The aim of this study was to provide an evidence-based framework to guide health care professionals treating patients under glucocorticoid (GC) therapy and develop guidelines for the prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) in postmenopausal women and men aged ≥50 years.

Methods
An expert panel on bone diseases designed a series of clinically meaningful questions following the PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparator, and Outcome) structure. Using GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) methodology, we made a systematic literature review, extracted and summarized the effect estimates, and graded the quality of the evidence. The expert panel voted each PICO question and made recommendations after reaching an agreement of at least 70%.

Results
Seventeen recommendations (9 strong and 8 conditional) and 8 general principles were developed for postmenopausal women and men aged ≥50 years under GC treatment. Bone mineral density (BMD), occurrence of fragility fractures, probability of fracture at 10 years by Fracture Risk Assessment Tool, and other screening factors for low BMD are recommended for patient evaluation and stratification according to fragility fracture risk. The treatment of patients under GC therapy should include counseling on lifestyle habits and strict control of comorbidities. The goal of GIO treatment is the nonoccurrence of new fragility fractures as well as to increase or maintain BMD in certain clinical situations. This was considered for the therapeutic approach in different clinical scenarios.

Conclusions
This GIO guideline provides evidence-based guidance for health care providers treating patients.
Mitochondrial DNA 13513G>A Mutation Causing Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy Associated With Adult-Onset Renal Failure
Authors: Swart Grace , Fraser Clare L. , Shingde Meena , Thompson Elizabeth O. , Mallawaarachchi Amali , Lawlor Mitchell , Ahmad Kate , Halmagyi Gabor M. 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is one of the more common mitochondrial diseases and is rarely associated with mitochondrial renal disease. We report 3 unrelated patients with a background of adult-onset renal failure who presented to us with LHON and were shown to have a heteroplasmic mitochondrial DNA mutation (m.13513G>A).

Methods:
Retrospective chart review.

Results:
All 3 patients had a background of chronic renal failure and presented to us with bilateral optic neuropathy (sequential in 2) and were found to have heteroplasmic m.13513G>A mutations in the MT-ND5 gene. Two of the patients were females (aged 30 and 45 years) with chronic kidney disease from their 20s, attributed to pre-eclampsia, one of whom also had diabetes and sudden bilateral hearing loss. One patient was a male (aged 54 years) with chronic kidney disease from his 20s attributed to IgA nephropathy. His mother had diabetes and apparently sudden bilateral blindness in her 70s. Renal biopsy findings were variable and included interstitial fibrosis, acute tubular necrosis, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and IgA/C3 tubular casts on immunofluorescence. Mild improvements in vision followed treatment with either idebenone or a combination supplement including coenzyme Q10, alpha-lipoic acid, and B vitamins.

Conclusions:
Our cases expand the clinical syndromes associated with m.13513G>A to include bilateral optic neuropathy and adult-onset renal disease. This highlights that in patients with bilateral, especially sequential, optic neuropathy a broad approach to mitochondrial testing is more useful than a limited LHON panel. Mitochondrial diseases present a diagnostic challenge because of their clinical and genetic variability.
Epigenetic features of far northern Yakutian population
Authors: Kalyakulina Alena , Yusipov Igor , Kondakova Elena , Bacalini Maria Giulia , Giuliani Cristina , Sivtseva Tatiana , Semenov Sergey , Ksenofontov Artem , Nikolaeva Maria , Khusnutdinova Elza , Zakharova Raisa , Vedunova Maria , Franceschi Claudio , Ivanchenko Mikhail 
Published: July 2023

AbstractYakuts are one of the indigenous populations of the subarctic and arctic territories of Siberia characterized by a continental subarctic climate with severe winters, with the regular January average temperature in the regional capital city of Yakutsk dipping below −40°C. The epigenetic mechanisms of adaptation to such ecologies and environments and, in particular, epigenetic age acceleration in the local population have not been studied before. This work reports the first epigenetic study of the Yakutian population using whole blood DNA methylation data, supplemented with the comparison to the residents of Central Russia. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed, among others, geographic region-specific differentially methylated regions associated with adaptation to climatic conditions (water consumption, digestive system regulation), aging processes (actin filament activity, cell fate), and both of them (channel activity, regulation of steroid and corticosteroid hormone secretion). Further, it is demonstrated that the epigenetic age acceleration of the Yakutian representatives is significantly higher than that of Central Russia counterparts. For both geographic regions, we showed that epigenetically males age faster than females, whereas no significant sex differences were found between the regions.
Double Imprinted Nanoparticles for Sequential Membrane-to-Nuclear Drug Delivery
Authors: Singla Pankaj , Broughton Thomas , Sullivan Mark V. , Garg Saweta , Berlinguer-Palmini Rolando , Gupta Priyanka , Canfarotta Francesco , Turner Nicholas W. , Velliou Eirini , Amarnath Shoba , Peeters Marloes 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNanoparticles functionalized with specific receptors (e.g.,antibodies, peptides) are used for targeted drug delivery of anti-cancer agents but their side effects include hypersensitivity reactions, toxicity, inflammation, and life-threatening allergic reactions (Anaphylaxis) [1,2]. Consequently, double imprinted molecularly imprinted nanoparticles (nanoMIPs) against a linear epitope of breast cancer cell receptor estrogen alpha (ERα) and loaded with an anti-cancer agent (doxorubicin, DOX) are synthesized via a solid-phase approach. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) measurements reveal that the produced nanoMIPs exhibit KDvalues of 19 nM (against the epitope used for imprinting) and 10 nM (ERα receptor), and thus rival the affinity of nanoparticles decorated with natural affinity reagents (e.g.,antibodies, peptides), whilst offering the advantages of low-cost and enhanced cellular uptake due to the receptor mediated endocytosis. We present the results ofin vitroflow cytometry that DOX loaded nanoMIPs can preferentially bind to MCF-7 (ERα positive) breast cancer (BC) cells vs MDA-MB-231 (ERα negative) BC cells. Confocal imaging witnessed the above results and showed the sequential movement of the DOX loaded nanoMIPs from membrane to the nucleus of MCF-7 BC cells and achieve delivery of DOX once internalised in the cells (directly to the nucleus). As a result, enhanced cell toxicity in MCF-7 cells (∼80%) as compared to MDA-MB-231 cells (∼15%) is observed via MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) cytotoxicity assay in a time dependent manner. Overall, this study provides a promising approach for the targeted drug delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs to breast cancer cells, which has the potential to significantly improve patient outcome whilst also reducing debilitating side effects of current treatment.
A tripartite bacterial-fungal-plant symbiosis in the mycorrhiza-shaped microbiome drives plant growth and mycorrhization
Authors: Zhang Changfeng , van der Heijden Marcel G. A. , Dodds Bethany K. , Nguyen Thi Bich , Spooren Jelle , Held Alain , Cosme Marco , Berendsen Roeland L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPlant microbiomes play crucial roles in nutrient cycling and plant growth, and are shaped by a complex interplay between plants, microbes, and the environment. The role of bacteria as mediators of the 400-million-year-old partnership between the majority of land plants and, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi is still poorly understood. Here we test whether AM hyphae-associated bacteria influence the success of the AM symbiosis. Using partitioned microcosms containing field soil, we discovered that AM hyphae and roots selectively assemble their own microbiome from the surrounding soil. In two independent experiments, we identified several bacterial genera, includingDevosia, that are consistently enriched on AM hyphae. Subsequently, we isolated 144 pure bacterial isolates from a mycorrhiza-rich sample of extraradical hyphae and isolatedDevosiasp. ZB163 as root and hyphal colonizer. We show that this AM-associated bacterium synergistically acts with mycorrhiza on the plant root to strongly promote plant growth, nitrogen uptake, and mycorrhization. Our results highlight that AM fungi do not function in isolation and that the plant-mycorrhiza symbiont can recruit beneficial bacteria that support the symbiosis.
Deciphering HR challenges for organizational ambidexterity: a study on energy sector in India
Authors: Dash Itilekha , Gupta Jaya , Meher Jamini Ranjan 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
From the lens of organizational ambidexterity, the energy sector companies in India are confronted with numerous human resources (HR) challenges as they explore new avenues in the renewable sector while exploiting non-renewable (conventional) resources. This study aims to decode these challenges and identifies key competencies to address these.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were gathered and analysed using a sequential mixed methodology (qualitative and quantitative) in three phases. In Phase 1, a focused group discussion with eight senior management employees was carried out to identify the HR challenges and competencies required for meeting those challenges. The themes derived from this were used in designing the questionnaire for use in Phase 2 to capture the perceptual differences between HR and Line managers on these challenges. The identified competencies by senior management were prioritized using the analytical hierarchy process in Phase 3.

Findings
The study provides insight into the HR challenges in the pursuit of organizational ambidexterity by energy sector companies in India. Also, key competencies to deal with these challenges have been prescribed.

Originality/value
While previous studies have identified generic HR challenges in this domain, the present study is unique in decoding the HR challenges as these organizations are simultaneously exploring and exploiting energy sources for achieving excellence in the Indian context.
Personal responsibility and knowledge about money laundering: a study with Brazilian accountants
Authors: Sallaberry Jonatas Dutra , Venturini Lauren Dal Bem , Martínez-Conesa Isabel , Flach Leonardo 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
This study aims to analyze the relationship between the personal responsibility, the intrinsic knowledge of the norms and the knowledge of signs of money laundering of accountants.

Design/methodology/approach
The research was developed with responses from 381 Brazilian accounting professionals through a survey, statistically analyzed using structural equations.

Findings
The results indicate that personal responsibility directly affects the levels of intrinsic knowledge and knowledge about signs of money laundering; however, the different dimensions of knowledge were not related to each other.

Practical implications
From these results, organizations can clarify the individual about their responsibility, optimizing the use of training and mitigating costs, with greater sustainability and security for the organization, employees and business partners.

Social implications
The results contribute to the construction and modeling of latent constructs on money laundering knowledge, with validity, reliability and statistical significance.

Originality/value
This research discusses and empirically explores the knowledge about money laundering of the accountants’, one of the main explanatory factors of whistleblowing in business.
Building an initial understanding of UK Recovery College dementia courses: a national survey of Recovery College and memory services staff
Authors: Wolverson Emma , Hague Leanne , West Juniper , Teague Bonnie , Fox Christopher , Birt Linda , Mills Ruth , Rhodes Tom , Sams Kathryn , Moniz-Cook Esme 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
Recovery Colleges were developed to support the recovery of people with mental health difficulties through courses co-produced by professionals and people with lived experience. This study aims to examine the use of Recovery Colleges to support people with dementia.

Design/methodology/approach
A survey was circulated to UK Recovery College and memory service staff, exploring provision, delivery and attendance of dementia courses. Open responses provided insight into participant views about recovery in post-diagnostic support and the practicalities of running dementia courses.

Findings
A total of 51 Recovery College staff and 210 memory service staff completed the survey. Twelve Recovery College dementia courses were identified across the UK. Three categories emerged from the qualitative data: post-diagnostic support, recovery in the context of dementia, challenges and areas of innovation.

Originality/value
This study highlights the benefits and practicalities of running Recovery College courses with people with dementia. Peer-to-peer learning was seen as valuable in post-diagnostic support but opinions were divided about the term recovery in dementia.