bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishing the criterion validity of an adapted dietary screener for Asian Americans amongst Chinese American adults
Authors: Woo Lena , Yi Stella S. , Park Agnes , Hu Lu , Thorpe Lorna E. , Rummo Pasquale E. , Beasley Jeannette M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
To assess the criterion validity of a dietary screener questionnaire adapted for Asian Americans (ADSQ) compared to Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Assessment Tool (ASA-24) food diary data amongst Chinese American Adults (CHAs). The ADSQ incorporated example ethnic foods from six Asian American groups. Lessons learned with respect to translating the ADSQ from English into Simplified Chinese were also documented.

Design
Agreement between a two-day food diary (one weekend day and one weekday) and the ADSQ was assessed for vegetable, fruit, dairy, added sugar, fiber, calcium, and whole grain intake using paired t-tests to compare means and Spearman correlations to assess agreement between intake of food components.

Setting
Data were collected online and via phone interviews.

Participants
Thirty-three CHAs aged 19–62 years (63.6% female).

Results
Mean differences were small for fruit, dairy, fiber, calcium, and whole grain intake, but were significantly different for vegetables and added sugar intake. Spearman correlations were < 0.5 and non-significant (p > 0.05) for all components. Both the ASA-24 and the ADSQ identified the same categories where CHAs intake is misaligned with dietary recommendations: whole grains, total fruit, and dairy. Difficulties were encountered in translating 13 out of 26 questions.

Conclusions
The ADSQ may be a useful tool to identify intervention targets for improving dietary quality, but caution is warranted when interpreting vegetable and added sugar estimates. Differences in the English and Chinese languages underscore the need to take into account both literal translations and semantics in translating the ADSQ into other languages.
Prevalence of asymptomatic strongyloidiasis co-infection in COVID-19 patients residing in endemic areas
Authors: Ashiri Alireza , Beiromvand Molouk , Rafiei Abdollah , Heidari Reza , Takesh Ameneh 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Fatal forms of strongyloidiasis, hyperinfection syndrome (HS) and disseminated strongyloidiasis (DS), are caused by exaggerated autoinfection of the intestinal nematode, Strongyloides stercoralis (S. stercoralis). Corticosteroids, frequently administered to patients with severe COVID-19, can transform chronic asymptomatic strongyloidiasis into the above-mentioned fatal diseases. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of strongyloidiasis in COVID-19 patients receiving corticosteroids in a hypoendemic region.

Methods
The present cross-sectional study enrolled 308 COVID-19 patients admitted to two hospitals in Ahvaz and Abadan in the southwest of Iran between 2020 and 2022. A real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test and chest computed tomography (CT) scan were employed to detect and monitor the disease’s severity in the patients, respectively. All patients were evaluated for IgG/IgM against S. stercoralis using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. Subsequently, individuals with a positive ELISA test were confirmed using parasitological methods, including direct smear and agar plate culture (APC).

Results
The patients were between 15 and 94 years old, with a mean age of 57.99 ± 17.4 years. Of the 308 patients, 12 (3.9%) had a positive ELISA test, while 296 (96.1%) had negative results. Three of the 12 patients with a positive ELISA result died, and three failed to provide a stool sample. To this end, only six cases were examined parasitologically, in which S. stercoralis larvae were observed in five patients. Significant differences were found between S. stercoralis infection with sex (p = 0.037) and age (p = 0.027). Binary regression analysis revealed that strongyloidiasis was positively associated with sex (odds ratio [OR]: 5.137; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.107–23.847), age (OR: 5.647; 95% CI 1.216–26.218), and location (OR: 3.254; 95% CI: 0.864–12.257).

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that screening for latent strongyloidiasis in COVID-19 patients in endemic areas using high-sensitivity diagnostic methods, particularly ELISA, before receiving suppressive drugs should be given more consideration.
Interactions of gulf cordgrass, Spartina spartinae (Trin.) Merr. ex Hitchc., habitat with ixodids on the South Texas coastal plain
Authors: Showler Allan T. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMany ixodid species on the South Texas coastal plain can transmit pathogens to their hosts. Substantial areas are dominated by gulf cordgrass, Spartina spartinae (Trin.) Merr. ex Hitch. The S. spartinae habitat was examined in terms of abiotic and biotic factors that likely impinge upon ixodids using the plant for questing. Natural enemies, temperature, humidity, and plant structure were investigated as possible mortality factors and improving ixodid survival. Spartina spartinae (soil and foliage) harbored few natural enemies of ixodids, and soil salinity was nonlethal. Conditions were cooler and more humid inside S. spartinae clumps than in the canopies; hence, questing ixodids can rehydrate inside the clump when threatened by desiccation. Leaves were mostly “V” shaped in cooler months and, during warm months, the tightly folded leaf slot predominated, into which larvae crawled. Immature ixodids were more abundant in the concave side of the “V”-shaped leaves than on the exposed convex side. Larvae sought refuge from potential lethal ambient air conditions by entering tight warm season leaf folds. The leaf “V” and fold offer opportunities for rehydration on the leaf without moving to the clump’s base. In addition to five other species collected on the grass, a relatively heavy larval southern cattle fever tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Canestrini), population was detected, suggesting that abundances in the South Texas cattle fever tick eradication quarantine zone are increasing and might spread further into Texas.
Evaluation of Holstein cows with different tongue-rolling frequencies: stress immunity, rumen environment and general behavioural activity
Authors: Sun Fuyu , Chen Xiaoyang , Li Yongfeng , Zhao Guangyong , Gu Xianhong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The tongue-rolling behaviour of cows is regarded as an outward sign of stressed animals in a low welfare status. The primary aim of this observational study was to evaluate the association between the frequency of tongue-rolling behaviour and its physiological function. The secondary aim was to explore the relationship between general activities and the frequency of tongue-rolling behaviour of cows. A total of 126 scan sampling behavioural observations were collected over 7 d on 348 Holstein cows with the same lactation stage in the same barn. The tongue-rolling frequency was defined as the number of tongue-rolling observations as a percentage to the total observations per individual cow. According to their tongue-rolling frequency, the cows were grouped into the CON (no tongue-rolling), LT (frequency 1%), MT (frequency 5%), and HT (frequency 10%) groups. Six cows from each group were randomly selected for sampling. Serum samples, rumen fluid, milk yield, and background information were collected. The general behaviour data during 72 continuous hours of dairy cows, including eating time, rumination time, food time (eating time + rumination time), and lying time, were recorded by the collar sensor.

Results
Cortisol (P = 0.012), γ-hydroxybutyric acid (P = 0.008), epinephrine (P = 0.030), and dopamine (P = 0.047) levels were significantly higher in tongue-rolling groups than in the CON group. Cortisol levels and tongue-rolling frequency had a moderate positive correlation (linearly r = 0.363). With the increase in tongue-rolling frequency, the rumen pH decreased first and then increased (P = 0.013), comparing to the CON group. HT cows had significantly less food time than CON cows (P = 0.035). The frequency of tongue-rolling had a moderate negative relationship with rumination time (r = −0.384) and food time (r = −0.492).

Conclusions
The tongue-rolling behaviour is considered as a passive coping mechanism, as the stress response in cows with high tongue-rolling frequency increased. Food intake and rumination activities were all closely related to the occurrence of tongue-rolling behaviour.
Nano-zinc and plant growth-promoting bacteria is a sustainable alternative for improving productivity and agronomic biofortification of common bean
Authors: Jalal Arshad , Mortinho Emariane Satin , da Silva Oliveira Carlos Eduardo , Fernandes Guilherme Carlos , Junior Enes Furlani , de Lima Bruno Horschut , Moreira Adônis , Nogueira Thiago Assis Rodrigues , Galindo Fernando Shintate , Filho Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto Teixeira 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background and aims
Nano-zinc (Zn) fertilizer is an easily adaptable and environmentally safe alternative option that can effectively improve growth, yield and biofortification of common bean. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPBs) could promote plant growth and nutrients availability in sustainable manner. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the influence of foliar nano-Zn application in association with seed co-inoculations of PGPBs on growth, yield, biofortification and Zn use efficiencies in common bean cultivation. Two field experiments were performed with seven co-inoculations of PGPBs and three foliar nano-Zn doses applied 50% at R5 and 50% at R8 stages of common bean to determine plant height, shoot dry matter, grain yield, Zn concentration and uptake in shoot and grains, Zn partitioning index, daily Zn intake and Zn use efficiencies for agronomic biofortification.

Results
The combined foliar nano-Zn application and co-inoculation of R. tropici + B. subtilis enhance grain yield, leaf chlorophyll index, total protein content, grain Zn concentration and uptake, daily Zn intake, Zn use efficiency, applied Zn recovery and Zn utilization efficiency in common beans in 2019 and 2020 cropping seasons. Foliar nano-Zn application at a dose of 1.5 kg ha−1 increased plant height, shoot dry matter, shoot Zn uptake, Zn partitioning and agro-physiological efficiency under co-inoculation with R. tropici + B. subtilis in both cropping years.

Conclusions
The treatments with foliar nano-Zn application at a dose of 1.5 ha−1 and co-inoculation with R. tropici + B. subtilis improved performance, chlorophyll index, protein content, grain yield, and Zn efficiencies that can lead to better biofortification of common bean in tropical savannah. Therefore, it is recommended that applying nano-Zn via foliar along with co-inoculation of PGPBs could be the better option for productivity and biofortification of common bean.

Graphical Abstract
Burn severity and proximity to undisturbed forest drive post-fire recovery in the tropical montane forests of northern Vietnam
Authors: Trang Pham T. , Andrew Margaret E. , Enright Neal J. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
In recent decades, fire has increasingly occurred in the tropical montane rainforests of northern Vietnam. However, there are few studies of the effects of fire on forest composition and recovery in this region, and understanding these effects is critical for effective forest fire management and conservation. Forest plant species richness, structure (density, basal area), and composition were quantified for 133 forest plots randomly located in unburned (> 20 years since last fire) and recently burned (3–9 years since fire) vegetation associated with ten selected wildfires in three provinces of northern Vietnam where fires since 2000 were most frequent. Linear mixed effect models and nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination were used to explore the structure, richness, and composition of burned and unburned forests and their environmental drivers, and to explore the key drivers of regeneration patterns in burned forest, including time since fire occurrence, fire severity, and distance to unburned forest edge.

Results
Total species richness and diversity, tree species richness, tree density, and basal area were higher in unburned (vs. burned) forest plots, low (vs. high) severity burn areas, near (vs. far) from the closest unburned forest edge, and longer (vs. shorter) time since last fire. Results suggest that while burned forests were recovering on a trajectory back towards unburned forest composition, recovery was likely to be markedly slowed where fires were large (distance from edge effects) and/or of high severity, and forests may shift towards a different state (i.e., composition and structure) where more than one fire affects the same area over short time intervals.

Conclusions
This study provides insights into the effects of fire and other environmental factors on forest composition and recovery in the tropical montane forests of northern Vietnam, crucial for informing policymakers involved in forest conservation and management.
A pressure monitoring approach for pressure ulcer prevention
Authors: Osuagwu Bethel , McCaughey Euan , Purcell Mariel 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
A pressure ulcer (PU) is a debilitating condition that disproportionately affects people with impaired mobility. PUs facilitate tissue damage due to prolonged unrelieved pressure, degrading quality of life with a considerable socio-economic impact. While rapid treatment is crucial, an effective  prevention strategy may help avoid the development of PUs altogether. While pressure monitoring is currently used in PU prevention, available monitoring approaches are not formalised and do not appropriately account for accumulation and relief of the effect of an applied pressure over a prolonged duration. The aim of this study was to define an approach that incorporates the accumulation and relief of an applied load to enable continuous pressure monitoring.

Results
A tunable continuous pressure magnitude and duration monitoring approach that can account for accumulated damaging effect of an applied pressure and pressure relief over a prolonged period is proposed. Unlike classic pressure monitoring approaches, the presented method provides ongoing indication of the net impact of a load during and after loading.

Conclusions
The tunable continuous pressure magnitude and duration monitoring approach proposed here may further development towards formalised pressure monitoring approaches that aim to provide information on the risk of PU formation in real-time.
Genomic characterization and radiation tolerance of Naganishia kalamii sp. nov. and Cystobasidium onofrii sp. nov. from Mars 2020 mission assembly facilities
Authors: Leo Patrick , de Melo Texeira Marcus , Chander Atul M. , Singh Nitin K. , Simpson Anna C. , Yurkov Andrey , Karouia Fathi , Stajich Jason E. , Mason Christopher E. , Venkateswaran Kasthuri 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDuring the construction and assembly of the Mars 2020 mission components at two different NASA cleanrooms, several fungal strains were isolated. Based on their colony morphology, two strains that showed yeast-like appearance were further characterized for their phylogenetic position. The species-level classification of these two novel strains, using traditional colony and cell morphology methods combined with the phylogenetic reconstructions using multi-locus sequence analysis (MLSA) based on several gene loci (ITS, LSU, SSU, RPB1, RPB2, CYTB and TEF1), and whole genome sequencing (WGS) was carried out. This polyphasic taxonomic approach supported the conclusion that the two basidiomycetous yeasts belong to hitherto undescribed species. The strain FJI-L2-BK-P3T, isolated from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory Spacecraft Assembly Facility, was placed in the Naganishia albida clade (Filobasidiales, Tremellomycetes), but is genetically and physiologically different from other members of the clade. Another yeast strain FKI-L6-BK-PAB1T, isolated from the Kennedy Space Center Payload Hazardous and Servicing Facility, was placed in the genus Cystobasidium (Cystobasidiales, Cystobasidiomycetes) and is distantly related to C. benthicum. Here we propose two novel species with the type strains, Naganishia kalamii sp. nov. (FJI-L2-BK-P3T = NRRL 64466 = DSM 115730) and Cystobasidium onofrii sp. nov. (FKI-L6-BK-PAB1T = NRRL 64426 = DSM 114625). The phylogenetic analyses revealed that single gene phylogenies (ITS or LSU) were not conclusive, and MLSA and WGS-based phylogenies were more advantageous for species discrimination in the two genera. The genomic analysis predicted proteins associated with dehydration and desiccation stress-response and the presence of genes that are directly related to osmotolerance and psychrotolerance in both novel yeasts described. Cells of these two newly-described yeasts were exposed to UV-C radiation and compared with N. onofrii, an extremophilic UV-C resistant cold-adapted Alpine yeast. Both novel species were UV resistant, emphasizing the need for collecting and characterizing extremotolerant microbes, including yeasts, to improve microbial reduction techniques used in NASA planetary protection programs.
Acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility of Rural School Support Strategies for behavioral interventions: a mixed methods evaluation over two years of a hybrid type 3 implementation-effectiveness trial
Authors: Calvert Hannah G. , McQuilkin Michaela , Havlicak Ashley , Lewis Teri , Turner Lindsey 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (PBIS) is a framework for implementing evidence-based interventions for preventing behavioral issues and improving climate in schools. The implementation of school-wide PBIS with fidelity is complex, requiring leadership commitment, teaming, and coordination of systems for tracking behaviors and consequences. Putting these components in place while ensuring alignment with the values and needs of the school community can be difficult for schools with fewer resources, such as rural schools. Implementation supports are needed, including strategies such as technical assistance, but it is unclear whether lower-cost modalities such as virtual support are acceptable, appropriate, and feasible and whether perceptions vary throughout the implementation process.

Methods
A type 3 hybrid implementation-effectiveness trial is taking place in 40 Idaho schools, testing a bundle of implementation supports selected to meet the needs of schools in rural areas. Supports include technical assistance from an implementation support practitioner (ISP), didactic trainings, virtual learning sessions, and an online resource portal. Surveys and interviews in the first 2 years of implementation (fall 2019 to spring 2021) explored outcomes of acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility regarding the implementation supports among more than 150 school stakeholders.

Results
Evaluations showed high acceptability and appropriateness of the PBIS concepts and training. The 20 schools receiving additional implementation support rated the technical assistance and support from the project’s ISPs as the most acceptable and appropriate resource. Reasons for acceptability were the relationship built with the ISP, the ISP’s expertise, and being a “neutral party.” Although in-person support from the ISP was preferred, remote support was acceptable and increased feasibility of attendance. Virtual learning sessions were acceptable for learning and collaboration, particularly in the second year of implementation, once ISPs had developed closer relationships with school teams.

Conclusions
School staff found training, technical assistance, and virtual learning sessions to be acceptable and appropriate. Virtual formats of training and technical assistance decreased in acceptability but increased feasibility of attendance. In-person support was preferred during initial implementation, and virtual support was more acceptable thereafter.

Trial registration
This trial was prospectively registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03736395), on November 9, 2018.
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH): a rare presentation of metastatic angiosarcoma
Authors: B P Amrith , Sharma Mansi , Batra Ullas 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Angiosarcoma is an uncommon and highly aggressive malignant tumor. Angiosarcoma presenting as diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is rare.

Case presentation
A young female who presented with history of dyspnea was found to have features of DAH on radiological evaluation. Angiosarcoma was confirmed from the histopathological examination of the underlying lung nodule. Management with the palliative chemotherapy showed clinical improvement, and resolution of changes of DAH on imaging.

Conclusion
Angiosarcomas are not usually listed in the causes of DAH. It must be considered in the differentials of DAH after ruling out the common causes.
Automated seismic semantic segmentation using attention U-Net
Authors: AlSalmi Haifa , Elsheikh Ahmed H. 
Published: August 2023

Seismic facies mapping from a 3D seismic cube is of significant value to various seismic interpretation and characterization tasks. Traditional facies mapping is based on examining sedimentary environments and stratigraphic sequences that provide distinct characteristics used for facies mapping. Given the complex nature of the task, manual facies mapping is typically time and labor consuming, and the quality of the decisions varies as a function of expertise. This complexity is further increased with the ever-increasing size of 3D seismic data sets. Deep-learning methods have indicated a promising potential to perform fast, accurate, and automated segmentation tasks. We investigate the application of machine-learning techniques, particularly state-of-the-art deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs), as a framework to perform accurate automated seismic facies pixel-wise segmentation. The workflow consists of a CNN-based U-Net architecture that adopts modern computer vision techniques. We develop three major changes to the standard U-Net to boost the performance for seismic semantic segmentation tasks: (1) using residual building blocks in the encoder, (2) using transformer-like attention gates after each residual block, and (3) using frequency spectrum data, in addition to seismic amplitude, as input to the network. We indicate that this implementation achieves higher accuracy metrics outperforming recently published state-of-the-art benchmarks. The performance of our method is validated using two 3D seismic data sets, the F3 Netherlands data set and the Penobscot data set acquired offshore Nova Scotia, Canada. Experimentation involves training on a set of samples and tuning the hyperparameters, followed by quantitative evaluation of the trained network. Our workflow produces high-quality segmentation with significantly reduced artifacts, improved edge detection, and improved lateral consistency throughout the seismic survey.