bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel approach to wireless electromagnetic tracking using frequency modulation radio communication
Authors: Crowley Daragh , Cavaliere Marco , Cantillon-Murphy Pádraig 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Electromagnetic tracking (EMT) is beneficial in image-guided interventions to reduce the use of ionising radiation-based imaging techniques. Enabling wirelessly tracked sensors will increase the usability of these systems for catheter tracking and patient registration systems. This work introduces a novel method of wirelessly transmitting sensor data using a frequency modulation (FM) radio.

Methods
The proposed technique was tested using the open-source Anser EMT system. An electromagnetic sensor was connected in parallel to an FM transmitter prototype and wired directly to the Anser system for comparison. The performance of the FM transmitter was evaluated on a grid of 125 test points using an optical tracking system as a gold standard.

Results
An average position accuracy of 1.61 ± 0.68 mm and angular rotation accuracy of 0.04° for the FM transmitted sensor signal was obtained over a 30 cm × 30 cm × 30 cm volume, in comparison with the 1.14 ± 0.80 mm, 0.04° accuracy previously reported for the Anser system. The FM transmitted sensor signal had an average resolved position precision of 0.95 mm while the directly wired signal was found to have an average precision of 1.09 mm. A very low frequency ($$\sim $$
∼
5 mHz) oscillation in the wirelessly transmitted signal was observed and compensated for by performing a dynamic scaling of the magnetic field model used for solving the sensor pose.

Conclusions
We demonstrate that FM transmission of an electromagnetic sensor signal can be used to achieve similar tracking performance to a wired sensor. FM transmission for wireless EMT is a viable alternative to digital sampling and transmission over Bluetooth. Future work will create an integrated wireless sensor node using FM communication that is compatible with existing EMT systems.
Maternal anxiety during pregnancy is associated with weaker prefrontal functional connectivity in adult offspring
Authors: Turk Elise , van den Heuvel Marion I. , Sleurs Charlotte , Billiet Thibo , Uyttebroeck Anne , Sunaert Stefan , Mennes Maarten , Van den Bergh Bea R.H. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The connectome, constituting a unique fingerprint of a person’s brain, may be influenced by its prenatal environment, potentially affecting later-life resilience and mental health.

Methods
We conducted a prospective resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging study in 28-year-old offspring (N = 49) of mothers whose anxiety was monitored during pregnancy. Two offspring anxiety subgroups were defined: “High anxiety” (n = 13) group versus “low-to-medium anxiety” (n = 36) group, based on maternal self-reported state anxiety at 12–22 weeks of gestation. To predict resting-state functional connectivity of 32 by 32 ROIs, maternal state anxiety during pregnancy was included as a predictor in general linear models for both ROI-to-ROI and graph theoretical metrics. Sex, birth weight and postnatal anxiety were included as covariates.

Results
Higher maternal anxiety was associated with weaker functional connectivity of medial prefrontal cortex with left inferior frontal gyrus (t = 3.45, pFDR < 0.05). Moreover, network-based statistics (NBS) confirmed our finding and revealed an additional association of weaker connectivity between left lateral prefontal cortex with left somatosensory motor gyrus in the offspring. While our results showed a general pattern of lower functional connectivity in adults prenatally exposed to maternal anxiety, we did not observe significant differences in global brain networks between groups.

Conclusions
Weaker (medial) prefrontal cortex functional connectivity in the high anxiety adult offspring group suggests a long-term negative impact of prenatal exposure to high maternal anxiety, extending into adulthood. To prevent mental health problems at population level, universal primary prevention strategies should aim at lowering maternal anxiety during pregnancy.
Potential Uses of Local Clay Materials for the Production of Porcelain Electrical Insulators, Ethiopia
Authors: Wondemagegnehu Eshetu Bekele , Addis Tamirat , Zereffa Enyew Amare , Tullu Andualem Merga , Brehane Belay , Tufa Lemma Teshome , Lee Jaebeom 
Published: June 2023

AbstractClays are extremely variable materials with different mineral compositions, and they are the main ingredients in ceramics applications. Their properties play specific roles in influencing the technological properties and performance of ceramics products. Evaluating the various properties can help to determine the best way to utilize clay materials, such as the locally available Bombawuha (BC) and Denkaka (DC) clays mined from Ethiopia's Bombawuha and Denkaka areas, respectively. The objective of this study was to examine these materials for the purpose of using them to produce quality electrical porcelain insulators. The clay samples were characterized for their chemical composition, mineralogy, thermal properties, plasticity, and particle-size distribution, using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), differential thermal analysis coupled with thermogravimetric analysis (DTA-TGA), the Atterberg plasticity test, and sieve hydrometer analysis. Based on the characteristics, suitable clay materials were selected and mixed with feldspar and quartz to formulate various porcelain body compositions which were fired at three different temperatures (1200, 1250, and 1300°C) and dwell times (1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 h). The mineralogy, water adsorption, apparent porosity, bulk density, dielectric strength, flexural strength, and microstructure of the fired bodies were measured. The results revealed that, compared to DC, BC contains kaolinite as the major mineral with appreciable amounts of silica (46.72 wt.%), alumina (35.32 wt.%), and fluxing oxides but smaller amounts of CaO. BC contains greater clay fractions (20.58 wt.%); and has a middle-range plasticity index (PI = 11.2 wt.%), thus making BC suitable for producing porcelain insulators. A test-body composition of 40 wt.% BC, 40 wt.% feldspar, and 20 wt.% quartz, fired at 1250°C for 2 h, exhibited water adsorption of 0.17 wt.%, apparent porosity of 0.42 wt.%, bulk density of 2.45 g/cm3, a dielectric strength of 8.22 kV/mm, and flexural strength of 43.63 MPa and, thus, satisfied the required properties for quality porcelain insulators.
Discovery of ferroelectricity in natural product androstane
Authors: Xiong Ren-Gen , Zhang Han-Yue , Jiang Huan-Huan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractProgesterone and its derivatives attracted widespread interest because of their applications in medicine, health care and birth control, which is the main active ingredient of contraceptive pills known as one of the five chemistry discoveries that changed human life. Although the research of pharmacological effects on contraceptive pill-related compounds has been around for decades, their ferroelectricity has long been overlooked. Here, we report that 4-androsten-3-one-5-ene-17-carboxylic acid, a derivative of progesterone, is an organic single-component ferroelectric, as confirmed by the polarization–electric field hysteresis loops. It crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21 with a polar packing structure and undergoes a reversible structural phase transition at a high temperature of 489 K. Thermal analysis revealed that its ferroelectricity can persist up to 533 K, giving a wide working temperature range. As the first ferroelectric in steroid biomaterials, 4-androsten-3-one-5-ene-17-carboxylic acid shows great potential in applications for flexible devices, biomedical devices, bio-machines and so on.
Acute hyperthermia and hypoxia tolerance of two improved strains of nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Obirikorang Kwasi Adu , Appiah-Kubi Richard , Adjei-Boateng Daniel , Sekey Wonder , Duodu Collins Prah 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTilapia production in Ghana has been hit with episodes of stress and pathogen-induced mass fish kills which have anecdotally been linked to the culture of illegally imported Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia (GIFT) strains of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. This study was thus set up to comprehensively assess the stress tolerance of the GIFT strain and a native strain of Nile tilapia (the Akosombo strain) following exposures to hyperthermic and hypoxic stressors. In a series of experiments, oxygen consumption (MO2), aquatic surface respiration (ASR), thermal limits and hypoxia tolerance were assessed. The effects of these stressors on haematological parameters were also assessed. The GIFT strain was less tolerant of hypoxia and performed ASR at higher O2 levels than the Akosombo strain. Under progressive hypoxia, the GIFT strain exhibited higher gill ventilations frequencies (fV) than the Akosombo strain. The thermal tolerance trial indicated that the Akosombo strain of O. niloticus has higher thermotolerance than the GIFT strain and this was reflective in the higher LT50 (45.1℃) and LTmax (48℃), compared to LT50 and LTmax of 41.5℃ and 46℃ respectively. These results imply that it is crucial to consider how the GIFT strain performs under various environmental conditions and changes during culture. Particularly, raising the GIFT strain of Nile tilapia in earthen ponds rich in phytoplankton and subject to protracted episodes of extreme hypoxia may have a detrimental physiological impact on its growth and welfare.
A cross-sectional study of the relationship between depression status, health care coverage, and sexual orientation
Authors: Liu Yang , O’Grady Megan A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHealth care coverage is an important factor in receipt of behavioral healthcare. This study uses data from the New York City Community Health Survey to examine how sexual minority status impacts the relationship between depression status and having health care coverage. Approximately 10% of the sample (n = 9571; 47% 45+ years old; 35% White Non-Hispanic; 7% sexual minority) reported probable depression and low health care coverage. Compared to heterosexual participants, a greater proportion of sexual minority participants had low health care coverage (17% vs. 9%) and probable depression (19% vs. 9%). Logistic regression examining the association between probable depression status and health care coverage showed that those with probable depression have odds of low health care coverage that are were 3.08 times those who did not have probable depression; this relationship was not modified by sexual orientation. Continued research to understand the interplay of health care coverage, mental health, and sexual orientation is needed.
Space-filling and print path generation methods for large-area 3D concrete printing pavements
Authors: Huang Shuyi , Xu Weiguo , Hu Hanyang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract3D concrete printing (3DCP) technology is a construction method that offers a unique combination of automation and customization. However, when the printing area goes large, generating the print path becomes a sophisticated work. That’s because the customized print path should not only be expandable but also printable, such rules are hard to follow as both the printing area and construction requirements increase. In this paper, the Shenzhen Baoan 3D Printing Park project serves as a case study to introduce space-filling and print path generation methods for three types of large-area concrete pavement. The space-filling methods utilize geometry-based rules to generate complex and expandable paving patterns, while the print path generation methods utilize construction-oriented rules to convert these patterns into print paths. The research provides easy-to-operate design and programming workflows to achieve a pavement printing area of 836 sqm, which significantly increases the construction scale of large-format additive manufacturing (LFAM) and shows the potential of 3D printing technology to reach non-standard results by using standard workflows.
Characteristics of patients associated with any outpatient antibiotic prescribing among Medicare Part D enrollees, 2007–2018
Authors: Kim Christine Y. , Gouin Katryna A. , Hicks Lauri A. , Kabbani Sarah 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The 2007–2018 National Health Interview Survey data linked with Medicare claims were used to examine older adults’ characteristics and assess their associations with receiving an antibiotic prescription. This analysis shows variation in antibiotic prescribing among adults enrolled in Medicare Part D by race and ethnicity, sex, geography, and health status.
Impact of a pharmacy resident on a transitions of care rotation for inpatients enrolled in an outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) program
Authors: Britt Rachel S. , Pearson Jeffrey C. , LaSalvia Mary T. , Mahoney Monica V. , McCoy Christopher , Padival Simi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A novel pharmacy residency rotation was created to meet the needs of patients enrolled in an outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) program but not yet discharged from the inpatient setting. This service resulted in a high number of antimicrobial stewardship interventions identified and accepted by the primary team(s).
Antibiotic prescribing behavior among physicians in Asia: a multinational survey
Authors: Wiboonchutikula Chonlanan , Kim Hong Bin , Honda Hitoshi , Xin Loo Audrey Yong , Chi-Chung Cheng Vincent , Camins Bernard , Jantarathaneewat Kittiya , Apisarnthanarak Piyaporn , Rutjanawech Sasinuch , Apisarnthanarak Anucha 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective:
To evaluate antibiotic prescribing behavior (APB) among physicians with various specialties in five Asian countries.

Design:
Survey of antibiotics prescribing behavior in three stages (initial, on-treatment, and de-escalation stages).

Methods:
Participants included internists, infectious diseases (ID) specialists, hematologists, intensivists, and surgeons. Participants’ characteristics, patterns of APB, and perceptions of antimicrobial stewardship were collected. A multivariate analysis was conducted to evaluate factors associated with appropriate APB.

Results:
There were 367 participants. The survey response rate was 82.5% (367/445). For the initial stage, different specialties had different choices for empiric treatment. For the on-treatment stage, if the patient does not respond to empiric treatment, most respondents will step up to broader-spectrum antibiotics (273/367: 74.39%). For the de-escalation stage, the rate of de-escalation was 10%–60% depending on the specialty. Most respondents would de-escalate antibiotics based on guidelines (250/367: 68.12%). De-escalation was mostly reported by ID specialists (66/106: 62.26%). Respondents who reported that they performed laboratory investigations prior to empirical antibiotic prescriptions (aOR = 2.83) were associated with appropriate use, while respondents who reported ID consultation were associated with appropriate antibiotic management for infections not responding to empiric treatment (aOR = 40.87); adherence with national guidelines (aOR = 2.57) was associated with reported successful carbapenem de-escalation.

Conclusion:
This study highlights the variation in practices and gaps in appropriate APB on three stages of antibiotic prescription among different specialties. Education on appropriate investigation, partnership with ID specialist, and availability and adherence with national guidelines are critical to help guide appropriate APB among different specialties.
Trust, distrust, and mass atrocity prevention: The Central African Republic
Authors: Gallagher Adrian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe article calls on academics and policymakers who focus on mass atrocity prevention to engage with Trust Studies. This is needed because trust and distrust are commonly identified as a significant factor in destruction processes, yet there remains no substantive engagement with these concepts. The article combines Trust Studies, interdisciplinary research on the Central African Republic (Anthropology, Sociology, African Studies, and Political Science), and primary sources to analyse social and political trust dynamics through an exploration of (a) leadership, (b) outsourcing, (c) identity politics, and (d) witchcraft. It makes a twofold contribution. First, it provides a more informed understanding of the mass violence that took place in the Central African Republic through a historical analysis of trust dynamics. Second, it considers the implications for mass atrocity prevention, as it argues that the mainstream commitment to ‘rebuilding trust’ is built on misguided assumptions. The case study holds broader implications for both Trust Studies and mass atrocity prevention. Ultimately, it calls for interdisciplinary research to aid our collective understanding of the multifaceted roles that trust and distrust play in mass violence.
The ordoliberal internet? Continuity and change in the EU’s approach to the governance of cyberspace
Authors: Farrand Benjamin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis Article considers the role of ideas in shaping law and policy processes, serving to facilitate certain actions or approaches while curtailing others. Using the development of the EU’s governance approach to online service providers and platforms, this Article demonstrates how ordoliberalism as a set of beliefs regarding the regulation of market activity through law have shaped the understanding of appropriate measures for combating hybrid threats such as disinformation. Highlighting the origins of the E-Commerce Directive and the influence of ordoliberalism in the application of a regulated self-regulation model, the Article explores how ordoliberal philosophical ideas have influenced programme and policy level ideas concerning EU cyberspace governance as it relates to online platform activities. Even where there has been discursive change regarding the role of online platforms in contributing to an environment of insecurity, there has nevertheless been ideational continuity in the approach to their regulation, dictating the legal response in the Digital Services Act.
Knowledge and Disinformation
Authors: Simion Mona 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper develops a novel account of the nature of disinformation that challenges several widely spread theoretical assumptions, such as that disinformation is a species of information, a species of misinformation, essentially false or misleading, essentially intended/aimed/having the function of generating false beliefs in/misleading hearers. The paper defends a view of disinformation as ignorance generating content: on this account, X is disinformation in a context C iff X is a content unit communicated at C that has a disposition to generate ignorance at C in normal conditions. I also offer a taxonomy of disinformation, and a view of what it is for a signal to constitute disinformation for a particular agent in a particular context. The account, if correct, carries high stakes upshots, both theoretically and practically: disinformation tracking will need to go well beyond mere fact checking.
Continuum dynamics of suspensions at low Reynolds number
Authors: Wolgemuth Charles W. , Palos-Chavez Jorge I. 
Published: June 2023

The dynamics of suspensions of particles has been an active area of research since Einstein first calculated the leading-order correction to the viscosity of a suspension of spherical particles (Einstein, Proc. R. Soc., vol. A102, 1906, pp. 161–179). Since then, researchers have strived to develop an accurate description of the behaviours of suspensions that goes beyond just leading order in the particle volume fraction. Here, we consider the low-Reynolds-number behaviour of a suspension of spherical particles. Working from the Green's functions for the flow due to a single particle, we derive a continuum-level description of the dynamics of suspensions. Our analysis corrects an error in the derivation of these equations in the work of Jackson (Chem. Engng Sci., vol. 52, 1997, pp. 2457–2469) and leads to stable equations of motion for the particles and fluid. In addition, our resulting equations naturally give the sedimentation speed for suspended particles and correct a separate error in the calculation by Batchelor (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 52, 1972, pp. 245–268). Using the pair-correlation function for hard spheres, we are able to compute the sedimentation speed out to seventh order in the volume fraction, which agrees with experimental data up to 30 %–35 %, and also get higher-order corrections to the suspension viscosity, which agree with experiments up to

$\sim$

15 %. Then, using the pair distribution for spheres in shear flow, we find alterations to both the first and second normal stresses.
The prognostic significance of early troponin levels in patients undergoing aortic ridge surgery
Authors: Kara Kenan Abdurrahman , Arslanoglu Ergin , Yigit Fatih , Arkan Cuneyt , Ozcan Esra , Akardere Omer Faruk , Cine Nihat , Tuncer Eylem , Cetiner Nilufer , Ceyran Hakan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSubaortic stenosis is a CHD that can lead to left ventricular hypertrophy, heart failure, and aortic valve damage if left untreated. The gold standard treatment for subaortic stenosis is septal myectomy. However, there is no clear consensus on the surgical margins required for adequate muscle resection. In this retrospective study, we reviewed the records of 83 patients who underwent subaortic stenosis surgery between 2012 and 2020 to investigate the effect of early troponin levels on prognosis. We excluded patients with additional cardiac pathologies, hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, and valvular aortic stenosis.Troponin levels were recorded in the early post-operative period, and patients were monitored for complications such as ventricular arrhythmia, left ventricular systolic dysfunction, infective endocarditis, and pacemaker implantation. The troponin levels were significantly higher in the patients who had septal myectomy. The degree of myectomy affected the risk of complications in the early post-operative period and recurrence in the later period. However, when the gradient was substantially or completely removed by myectomy, patients experienced significant symptom improvement in the early post-operative period, and their late survival was equivalent to that of healthy individuals of the same age.Our findings suggest that monitoring troponin levels in patients undergoing septal myectomy may be beneficial in predicting the risk of complications. However, further studies are needed to establish the optimal surgical technique and extent of muscle resection required for subaortic stenosis treatment. Our study adds to the existing knowledge of the benefits and risks associated with septal myectomy as a treatment option for subaortic stenosis.