bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physiological uptake characteristics of breast on 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET
Authors: Zhang Yue , Zhou Yushan , Tian Rong , Su Minggang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose Gallium 68 (68Ga)-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) PET is sensitive on breast cancer staging, but its clinical utility may be limited by the high physiological FAPI uptake in normal breast tissue that can obscure primary tumors. The aim of this study was to elucidate the characteristics of physiological 68Ga-FAPI-04 uptake in normal breast.Procedures A total of 143 consecutive women with 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET were reviewed retrospectively. SUVmax, density and thickness of breast gland, as well as SUVmax of nipple, were measured. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to identify factors related to the breast and nipple SUVs.Results Twenty-eight premenopausal, 62 menopausal and 10 post-operative (after bilateral adnexectomy) women with 103 examinations were included. All had a diffuse, symmetrical uptake in breast gland. There was no difference in FAPI uptake between bilateral breasts (P = 0.253). Patients in menstrual status with expected high estrogen level (late follicular, ovulatory and mid luteal phases) had higher breast SUVs (median, 3.91) than those with expected moderate (early follicular, early luteal and late luteal phases; median, 1.57; P < 0.001) or low level (menopause and post-operation; median, 0.98; P < 0.001). Menstrual status was an independent predictors of breast SUV (r2 = 0.689, P < 0.001). All the patients had a focal, symmetrical uptake in nipples. Nipple SUV did not correlate with menstrual status (P = 0.913).Conclusion Physiological breast FAPI uptake levels are related to menstrual status. Premenopausal patients with breast lesions should be examined 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET during the perimenstrual period (five days before and during menstruation).
Research on preprocessing and recognition of surface defects of chip package
Authors: Wang Zhirui , Xu Lijun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In the process of chip production and transportation, the surface of the package body is prone to various defects, and these defects will have a certain impact on the quality of the chip. Therefore, in order to ensure the quality of the chip products and meet the needs of relevant industries, it is necessary to use certain technical equipment and algorithms to achieve efficient acquisition and processing of the chip image and timely and accurately identify the defects on the chip surface. In this study, a series of pre-processing including gray-scale, geometric correction, region segmentation and enhancement, threshold segmentation and noise reduction are carried out on the collected chip images. Secondly, an effective method of scratch determination and character segmentation is proposed to realize the feature extraction of scratch and character on the surface of the chip package. Then recognition of the position and size of the scratch is realized by using the centroid coordinates, boundary and roundness of the connected domain of the scratch binary image. Finally, convolutional neural network is used to establish the character data set, adjust the network frame and parameters, and train a model with a recognition rate of 90.63%. The research content and results of this paper have certain reference significance for ensuring chip quality.
Biosynthesis of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles mediated Allium cepa extract: Chemical characterization and antimicrobial applications
Authors: K. AL-Salman H. N. , Qasim Qutaiba A. , Abbas Basil A. , Hussein Adel J. , Shari Falah Hassan , Jabir Majid S. , Albukhaty Salim , Sulaiman Ghassan M. , Garadi Maged A. Al , Swelum Ayman A 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Scientists have become more interested in the use of plant extracts as efficient capping and reducing agents for the environmentally friendly fabrication of nanoparticles. In the current study, the Iraqi onion extract (Allium cepa) was prepared and subsequently used as a reducing agent for the biosynthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. UV-visible, FT-IR, XRD, TEM, FESEM, and EDS investigations were used to characterize nanoparticles. The in vitro cytotoxicity of both A. cepa extract and Fe3O4 NPs was evaluated in MDCK-SIAT cells using the MTT test, and the antiviral activity of Fe3O4 NPs was investigated using the Neuraminidase Assay Kit MAK12. The antibacterial activities of A. cepa extract and Fe3O4 NPs were investigated against S. aureus, and E. coli using a disk-diffusion approach. Our results showed the generation of stable, crystalline, and semi-spherical, 36 ± 1.23 nm-sized Fe3O4 nanoparticles, and had strong antibacterial, and antiviral activities, assuming that onion peel extract is an excellent choice for producing Fe3O4 nanoparticles, which may be utilized in the future for a range of therapeutic objectives.
Evaluating the impact of engaging older adults and service providers as research partners in the co-design of a community mobility-promoting program: A multi-method developmental evaluation study
Authors: MacNeil Maggie , Abelson Julia , Moore Caroline , Lindsay Shazelle , Adams Janet , Alshaikhamed Aref , Jain Kamal , Petrie Penelope , Ganann Rebecca 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background: Increasingly researchers are partnering with citizens and communities in research; less is known about research impacts of this engagement. EMBOLDEN is an evidence-informed, mobility-promoting intervention for older adults co-designed by a 28-person Strategic Guiding Council (SGC) of health/social service providers and older adult citizens. This study evaluated research partners’ perceptions of engagement strategies, the engagement context, strengths, areas for improvement, as well as the impacts of the guiding council on older-adult identified priority areas.
Methods: This study was guided by developmental evaluation, working in partnership with four older adult SGC members who helped to set evaluation priorities, decide methods, and adapt patient-centred evaluation tools. Data sources included a survey, focus groups and document analysis of meeting notes from 16 SGC meetings that took place between December 2019 and February 2022. A thematic approach to analysis guided the coding of focus group transcripts and SGC meeting notes.
Results: Of 26 SGC members, nine completed the evaluation survey, and five participated in focus groups. Around two thirds of the SGC commonly attended each meeting. EMBOLDEN’s SGC was structured to include a diverse group (across gender, ethnicity and discipline) of older adults and service providers, which was perceived as a strength. Engagement processes were perceived as inclusive and well-facilitated, which stimulated discussion at meetings. Advantages and disadvantages of engaging with the SGC virtually, as compared to in-person (as was the case for the first 3 SGC meetings) were also discussed. Impacts of the SGC were identified across preparatory, execution phase and translational stages of research. Impacts of SGC involvement on members were also described.
Conclusion: Older adult research partners played an important role designing, implementing, and evaluating co-design approaches in this study. Older adults and service providers can make important contributions to the design, delivery and sharing results of health research through their lived expertise and connections to community. This project contributes to the growing field of citizen and community engagement in research by offering a participatory approach to engagement evaluation that considers diversity, satisfaction, and impact.
A Simple AVX to PIM Vectorizer (SAPIVe)
Authors: Sokulski Rodrigo M. , Santos Paulo C. , Santos Sairo R. dos , Alves Marco A. Z. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

The growing data demands in modern applications aggravated persistent problems in computer architecture, such as the Memory Wall. Processing-In-Memory(PIM) devices emerged as an alternative to mitigate these problems, approaching processing and storage units to reduce data traffic between processors and memory. Literature and industry proposed different PIM designs and a prominent approach aims to expose memory bandwidth by placing large Single Instruction-Multiple Data (SIMD) or vector units in memory. One method to use these new processing units is runtime binary translators. Simple AVX to PIM Vectorizer(SAPIVe) provides transparency to the users and specific software independence by adopting a hardware-based binary translator to convert the application’s vector instructions to PIM instructions. In this work, the authors expand SAPIVe evaluations, explanations, and discussions, seeking to deepen the description of the mechanism and improve the understanding of its behavior and performance.
Causal associations between type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic hepatitis C: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study of East Asians
Authors: ke jianji , Liu Feiqi , Ji Bai 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Observational studies have shown a bidirectional relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic hepatitis C (CHC). However, the causal relationship remains unknown. We explored the connection between T2DM and CHC in East Asians utilizing Mendelian randomization (MR). Two-sample bidirectional MR was applied to summarized statistics from genome-wide association studies. The inverse variance-weighted method, weighted-median method, MR-Egger regression, weighted mode, simple mode, heterogeneity test, pleiotropy test, and MR-PRESSO were employed for MR analysis. Results of various methods revealed an inverse relationship between T2DM and CHC, with an odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) of 0.906 (0.858–0.957; P=0.00037), 0.825 (0.732–0.931; P=0.0025), 0.882 (0.808–0.962; P=0.00484), and 0.862 (0.772–0.961; P=0.00922) from inverse variance-weighted, MR-Egger, weighted median, and weighted mode, respectively. Further, no heterogeneity or directional pleiotropy was identified in Cochran’s Q test and Egger’s intercept. In the backward MR analysis, the P-values were all not statistically significant, indicating no detectable connection between CHC and T2DM. Finally, there was no proof of a connection involving blood sugar levels, hemoglobin A1c levels, and CHC risk. This large MR analysis revealed that T2DM had an inverse relationship with CHC, while CHC had no causality with T2DM.
Transforming Healthcare Systems with Artificial Intelligence: Revolutionizing Efficiency, Quality, and Patient Care
Authors: Ahmed Abatal , Adil Korchi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized healthcare systems, offering oppor- tunities to enhance efficiency, improve quality of care, and optimize patient outcomes. This article explores the applications of AI in healthcare, focusing on medical imaging, predictive analytics, and personalized medicine. We discuss the potential benefits, challenges, and ethical considerations associated with AI integration. Additionally, we present real-world examples and case studies to demonstrate the impact of AI algorithms in healthcare. The findings highlight the ability of AI to improve diagnostic accuracy, streamline processes, and enable personalized treatment plans. This article contributes to the growing body of knowledge on AI in healthcare, emphasizing the transformative potential of AI technologies in enhancing healthcare systems.
Experimental Study on the Buffering Effects of Urban Trees Group in Dike-Break Floods
Authors: Liu Shuyu , Zhang Xiaolei , Xu Zhiheng , Zhao Jiankun , Dong Boliang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The process of dike-break flood propagation in typical urban street blocks is highly complex. The presence of buildings and trees groups in urban street blocks profoundly alters the flood dynamics, impacting the drainage capacity of the area. In this study, a generalized sink model representing a typical urban street block was established, including trees groups, buildings, sidewalks, and stormwater drainage systems. The study measured the fluctuation of water levels within the street block and the pressure variation in the pressurized stormwater drainage network during the dike-break flood propagation. Furthermore, it conducted a comparative analysis to assess the influence of different arrangements of trees groups on the maximum water depth in buildings and the discharge capacity of the pressurized stormwater drainage network. Dike-break floods give rise to large-scale water leaps and the formation of thin layer water sheets near the buildings under the influence of buildings, water tank sidewalls, and tree groups. The water leap zones exhibit lateral migration and superposition on the sidewalks during the flood propagation, gradually dissipating and disappearing in the longitudinal direction of the street block. In the presence of tree groups, the water levels significantly decrease in buildings and downstream street blocks, while the discharge capacity of the pressurized stormwater drainage network shows a slight improvement as the road's flood-carrying capacity increases. The pressure in the main pipes fluctuates due to the switching of the grate inlet drainage mode and the hydraulic transition process in the branch pipes. The research findings not only provide valuable validation data for numerical simulations but also offer theoretical guidance for urban flood management and landscape design.
Identification of Water Vapor Flux Convergence Layers and Estimation of Precipitation over Ethiopia
Authors: kebede Tegegne , kebede Abebe , ayele kefyalew 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Abstract: This paper aimed to investigate the most important moisture-bearing layers in VIWVF among different monthly intervals over the Ethiopian atmosphere based European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) averaged reanalysis zonal and meridional wind data and specific humidity data with the time coverage from 1991-2019 with 0.25° by 0.25° spatial resolution in various types of pressure levels from 1000hpa to 300hpa and ERA5-Land monthly averaged reanalysis data for precipitation. The Ethiopian troposphere is classified into four layers clustering by the Euclidean Distance method. VIWVF and specific humidity are higher in the lower pressure levels and decrease at the higher altitude. The moisture source during the Belg season is the Indian Ocean and the Arabian Sea are the main sources; the ML1 and ML2 are the interesting layers and good moisture convergence cores for Belg season rainfall, especially in March and April. During the Kiremt season, VIWVF sources are from the South Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea through the Red Sea, with high moisture flux convergence observed in Lr. L and ML1 tropospheric layers (1000hpa-850hpa and 825hpa-750hpa), in July and August. Significant positive correlation between Belg VIWVF and precipitation were recognized in the layer 700hpa-600hpa over Northeastern highlands, Bale, Harar, and yirgacheffe, whereas significant positive correlation with Kiremt rainfall over central-western to northwestern Ethiopia in July and August at 1000-850hpa and 825-750hpa. This research targeted to identify the most important moisture-centered layers, especially in Summer (main) and Spring (second) rainy seasons through VIWVF and its association with precipitation in order to forecast climate and weather impacts over Ethiopia’s atmosphere.
Influence of Prior Shaking on Seismic Drift Demands
Authors: Shah Prateek Pratap , Monical Jonathan , Puranam Aishwarya , Pujol Santiago 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Following the 2011 Christchurch, New Zealand earthquake, 60% of buildings in downtown Christchurch had to be demolished and reconstructed. Such practices are too costly both in terms of money and carbon emissions. Hence, structures need to be proportioned to survive more than one strong ground motion. To do so, it is important to understand the effect of previous shaking history on drift demands. Past studies conducted to investigate the effect of previous shaking on structural response were based almost exclusively on numerical analyses. To date, results from these numerical analyses have not been systematically vetted against measurements from structures tested in the laboratory or evidence from the field. To address this shortcoming, the effect of previous shaking history on drift demands was evaluated using 1) measurements from 220 experimental tests of structures subjected to repeated simulated base motions, and 2) evidence from 31 buildings surveyed after the 1985 and 2010 Chile earthquakes. Data from the experimental tests and field surveys showed that:
1) Repeats of medium or high-intensity ground motions strong enough to cause yielding in their first occurrence are unlikely to produce large relative increases in peak roof and story drift demands in structures with stable force-displacement relationships not susceptible to brittle failures.
2) Larger relative increases in peak drift demands are likely to occur if the first motion (in a sequence of motions containing a pair of repeated motions) is mild enough not to cause cracking and/or yielding, but the second instance of the same motion (repeat) is preceded by larger intensity motions causing cracking and/or yielding.
Numerical Solution of the Nonlinear Poisson- Boltzmann Equation Using the Difference Potentials Method
Authors: Tameh Mahboubeh Tavakoli , Shakeri Fatemeh 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we present a robust and accurate numerical algorithm for solving the nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann equation, based on the difference potentials method (DPM). First, we remove singularity by a simple regular-ization technique and employ Newton’s method for linearizing the equation. Then we use the difference potentials method combined with a second-order finite difference scheme and curvilinear approach to solve the problem in the regions with a smooth general-shaped interface. Unlike many other methods, DPM does not need to treat the nonhomogeneous interface conditions resulting from the regularization and can handle discontinuity in the interface without loss of accuracy. In DPM the grid does not need to conform to the boundary or interfaces. This method approximates the resulting equation on a regular structured grid, which entails a low computational complexity, and does not face the challenge of reducing the order of accuracy near the nonconforming interfaces. Several numerical experiments are presented for illustrating the efficiency and accuracy of the developed numerical method.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2000) 41A58 · 82B24 · 65N06 · 35J66
Recovering precious metals from spent catalysts by peroxydisulfate-based advanced oxidation process
Authors: Xiao Chengliang , Ding Anting , Li Ming , Liu Chuanying , Yan Qibin , Lei Lecheng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The recovery of precious metals from discarded wastes is an attractive potential remedy for their supply disruption risk. Nevertheless, the use of conventional solvents in metallurgical processes has significant negative environmental effects. Here, we report peroxydisulfate (PDS)-based advanced oxidation process (AOPs) to develop a novel and efficient leaching process for recovering precious metals from spent catalysts. The PDS/NaCl photochemical system could fully dissolve palladium (Pd) and gold (Au) in 300 min. By introducing Fe(II), the PDS/FeCl2·4H2O solution functioned as Fenton-like system, which enhanced the leaching efficiency and required no xenon (Xe) lamp light irradiation. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and 18O isotope tracing experiments revealed the reactive oxidation species of SO4·-, ·OH and Fe(IV)=O were responsible for the oxidative dissolution of precious metals. Density functional theory calculations showed that the total energy barrier for the three species were 7.62, 18.46 and 17.52 kcal mol-1, respectively. Solvent leaching and one-step electrodeposition recovered high-purity precious metals and maintained solvent dissolution and electrochemical stability after 5 cycles. Strong acids, poisonous cyanide, volatile organic solvents, light irradiation, and photocatalysts were not used during recovery. This work will enable a green and sustainable precious metal recovery approach and encourage AOPs technology for secondary resource recycling.
Clinical outcomes and challenges of surgical extirpation for carotid body tumor: A single- center case series
Authors: Shin Jiyoung , Yun Ji-sup , Kim Young-Wook 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background:Carotid body tumor (CBT) is a highly vascularized, slow-growing tumor of neurovascular origin with very low incidence. Our study aimed to document the characteristics of CBTs and examine the clinical outcomes of patients’ post-surgical extirpation of CBT.
Methods: This is a single-center retrospective review of patients who underwent extirpation of CBTs. We documented information concerning patient demographic characteristics, preoperative clinical features, location and size of the tumor, serum and urine catecholamine and metabolite levels, surgical procedures, and postoperative complications.
Results: From September 2020 to February 2023, we examined 21 cases of CBT-removal surgery in 19 patients. The most common clinical symptom was painless swelling of the neck (n=12, 57.1%). Seven cases (33.3%) were discovered incidentally; two cases (9.6%) were discovered during the evaluation of neurologic symptoms. One female patient with bilateral CBTs had breast, bone, and lung metastases. During surgery, external carotid artery resection was performed in two cases; one primary repair of the internal carotid artery (ICA) was performed due to an ICA tear during CBT dissection. Bovine patch angioplasty with shunt insertion in the ICA was performed once. All were classified as Shamblin Ⅲ. One patient underwent incomplete resection because the CBT completely surrounded the ICA. Aspiration and hoarseness occurred most frequently as postoperative complications, followed by ipsilateral lower lip drooping, Horner’s syndrome, and first bite syndrome. Hoarseness persisted permanently in two cases (9.5%).
Conclusions: Surgeons must understand the relationship between blood vessels and nerves when treating CBTs. Patients should be informed of possible cranial neuropathy resulting from surgery.