bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Types of Lecturers’ Feedback on EFL Learners’ Writing
Authors: Mulyani Suci 
Published: April 2023

Feedback is very essential in learning. It can help students to get the bigger picture of their progress, which stage they are in, and what steps they are going to take for future learning. Giving feedback is considered to be the essential role of a teacher or lecturer in guiding students in their learning process. As many experts noted that writing is the most complex skill to learn, and students need more assistance in developing their writing. Here, teachers or lecturers are needed to guide them in the whole process of writing, which are pre-writing, drafting, revising, and editing. Considering this prominent role of giving feedback, it is necessary for teachers or lecturers, and also the students to know about the types of feedback used in English writing. This will be useful for the teachers or lecturers to understand what type of feedback they will use in the learning, and for the students to reflect more on their preference for the given feedback.
Futibatinib: A Potent and Irreversible Inhibitor of Fibroblast Growth
Factor Receptors for Treatment of the Bile Duct Cancer
Authors: De Surya K. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
Cholangiocarcinoma is a rare type of cancer. Futibatinib is an irreversible, potent,
selective inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR 1-4). On September
30, 2022, the US FDA first approved futibatinib to treat adult patients with bile duct cancer
whose disease is unresectable, locally advanced, or metastatic intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
harboring fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) gene mutations or other
classes of rearrangements. The approval of this medicine was based on phase 3 clinical
trial results including an overall response rate (ORR) of 42% and a duration of response
(DoR) of 9.7 months. This short perspective summarizes Futibatinib’s synthesis, physicochemical
properties, dosage, route of administration, mechanism of action, binding mode,
pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, drug interactions, adverse events, and possible
mechanism of resistance.
The Discovery and Development of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1
Receptor Agonists
Authors: Fang Haowen , Niu Bing , Chen Qin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
Diabetes mellitus has become a serious life-threatening disease. As one of the
new drugs for the treatment of diabetes, GLP-1 receptor agonists have attracted a lot of attention.
Compared with traditional hypoglycemic drugs, GLP-1 receptor agonists have
good safety and tolerability. To a certain extent, they overcome the problem of the short
half-life of natural GLP-1 in vivo and can exist stably in patients for a long time, achieving
good results in the treatment of diabetes, as well as improving the symptoms of some
complications. The GLP-1 receptor agonists in the market are all peptide drugs. Compared
with peptide drugs, small molecule agonists have the advantages of low cost and
oral administration. In this article, we review the recent research progress of GLP-1 receptor
agonists.
Research Progress of Chitosan-based Multifunctional Nanoparticles
in Cancer Targeted Therapy
Authors: Lai Chunmei , Lin Simin , Liu Wei , Jin Yanqiao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
Conventional tumor therapeutic modalities, such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy,
and surgery, involve low tumor inhibition efficiency, non-targeted drug delivery, and
side effects. The development of novel and practical nano-drug delivery systems (DDSs)
for targeted tumor therapy has become particularly important. Among various bioactive
nanoparticles, chitosan is considered a suitable candidate for drug delivery due to its nontoxicity,
good biocompatibility, and biodegradability. The amino and hydroxyl groups of
chitosan endow it with the diverse function of chemical modification, thereby improving
its physical and biological properties to meet the requirements of advanced biomedical
applications. Therefore, it is necessary to review the property and applications of chitosan-
based materials in biomedicine. In this review, the characteristics of chitosan related
to its applications are first introduced, and then the preparation and modification of
chitosan-based nanoparticles, including the function tailoring of chitosan-modified nanoparticles,
are demonstrated and discussed. Finally, the opportunities and challenges of chitosan-
based nanomaterials in this emerging field are proposed from the perspective of the
rational and systematic design for the biomedicine field.
Development and Validation of the Questionnaire for Adaptive Hyperactivity and Goal Achievement (AHGA)
Authors: Kalcev Goce , Cossu Giulia , Preti Antonio , Littera Maria Teresa , Frau Stèphanie , Primavera Diego , Zaccheddu Rosanna , Matza Veronica , Ermellino Marta , Pintus Elisa , Carta Mauro G. 
Published: April 2023

Objective:
This paper illustrates the preliminary psychometric properties of the Questionnaire for Adaptive Hyperactivity and Goal Achievement (AHGA), aimed at measuring adaptive characteristics of hyperactivity and goal pursuit in older adults.

Methods:
The 12-item scale was administered to a sample of 120 subjects (older adults) between February 2022 and June 2022. The reliability of AHGA was measured using Cronbach’s alpha, and factor structure was established using parallel analysis (PA) and principal component analysis (PCA). Convergent validity was tested against the Biological Rhythms Interview of Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (BRIAN).

Results:
All included subjects have an average age of 74.1±5.1 years. AHGA reliability was good (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.713 [95%CI: 0.630 to 0.783]). Factor analysis suggested two main components: goal achievement and hyperactivity, which explained 41% of the variance in the data. The results support the convergent validity of the scale: AHGA measures adaptive characteristics of hyperactivity and goal pursuit, in contrast to BRIAN, which measures pathological characteristics.

Conclusion:

The reported findings represent an innovative approach to hyperthymic features by embracing a broader spectrum concept that conceptualizes the potential transition between pathological and adaptive aspects as a continuum.
The Fate of Fungi in the Bioremediation of Pharmaceutical Drug Wastes
Authors: Chaurasia Pankaj Kumar , Kumari Sunita , Singh Sunita , Bharati Shashi Lata 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
Pharmaceutical drug wastes are pharmaceutical molecules that may be released into the environment through various ways, like from pharmaceutical industries, hospitals, or health care channels.
Such molecules may be poisonous to the aquatic environment, aquatic lives as well as human beings. In
the green approaches toward their treatment, fungi and their extracellular or intracellular enzymes may be
significantly useful in the bioremediation of pharmaceutical pollutants. This editorial presents a brief
overview of the fungal-assisted bioremediation of pharmaceutical drugs present as wastes and the fate of
the fungal applicability towards such bioremediation processes.
Operational Implementation of Remote Patient Monitoring Within a Large Ambulatory Health System: Multimethod Qualitative Case Study
Authors: Lawrence Katharine , Singh Nina , Jonassen Zoe , Groom Lisa L , Alfaro Arias Veronica , Mandal Soumik , Schoenthaler Antoinette , Mann Devin , Nov Oded , Dove Graham 
Published: April 2023

Background
Remote patient monitoring (RPM) technologies can support patients living with chronic conditions through self-monitoring of physiological measures and enhance clinicians’ diagnostic and treatment decisions. However, to date, large-scale pragmatic RPM implementation within health systems has been limited, and understanding of the impacts of RPM technologies on clinical workflows and care experience is lacking.

Objective
In this study, we evaluate the early implementation of operational RPM initiatives for chronic disease management within the ambulatory network of an academic medical center in New York City, focusing on the experiences of “early adopter” clinicians and patients.

Methods
Using a multimethod qualitative approach, we conducted (1) interviews with 13 clinicians across 9 specialties considered as early adopters and supporters of RPM and (2) speculative design sessions exploring the future of RPM in clinical care with 21 patients and patient representatives, to better understand experiences, preferences, and expectations of pragmatic RPM use for health care delivery.

Results
We identified themes relevant to RPM implementation within the following areas: (1) data collection and practices, including impacts of taking real-world measures and issues of data sharing, security, and privacy; (2) proactive and preventive care, including proactive and preventive monitoring, and proactive interventions and support; and (3) health disparities and equity, including tailored and flexible care and implicit bias. We also identified evidence for mitigation and support to address challenges in each of these areas.

Conclusions
This study highlights the unique contexts, perceptions, and challenges regarding the deployment of RPM in clinical practice, including its potential implications for clinical workflows and work experiences. Based on these findings, we offer implementation and design recommendations for health systems interested in deploying RPM-enabled health care.
An Assessment of Control Methods in Closed-Loop Agriculture Systems
Authors: Ragany Michelle , Haggag May , El-Dakhakhni Wael , Zhao Benzhong 
Published: April 2023

Climate change and a growing global population pose ongoing threats to
critical resources. As resources required by the agriculture sector
continue to diminish, it is critical to leverage the emerging
technologies and new solutions within the sector. New cultivation
practices have emerged over the years, allowing food to be grown within
urban areas. Greenhouses are versatile in the resources needed for their
operation, as well as the foods that can be grown. While greenhouses
provide a potential for a more constant food supply, there is a lack of
optimization between the components. There are benefits to having
modular components of a greenhouse, allowing for adjustments or repairs
to singular pieces. However, there is inefficiency in the entire system,
since each component functions without considering the others. To
improve greenhouse efficiency, a closed-loop system can be introduced. A
greenhouse is a closed system, and by repurposing, reusing, and
recirculating resources, a greenhouse can evolve to have a closed-loop
system. This enables the components of a system to share resources more
effectively, communicate any systems changes that are required, and
minimize waste outputs.
This research explores the current technology in the space of
agriculture and computer science to create a fully closed-loop system.
The most noticeable system components are food waste, nutrient systems,
water systems, growing media, and heating and energy. Not all components
within a greenhouse can leverage the same artificial intelligence
methods and techniques based on existing findings. There are methods in
place that allow the components to interpret data gathered from the
greenhouse and alter its operational patterns. There remains a lack in
communicating this information to other aspects of the system to have it
make informed data-driven decisions as well. One can optimize singular
components thereby reducing resource reliance, to a certain threshold
until it impacts the plant’s development and yield. When all the systems
components’ resource needs and outputs converge the functionality of the
system can be optimized to utilize resources at a higher efficiency.
Results are indicative of very siloed and isolated research, exploring
closed-loop systems within greenhouses, but not leveraging its full
capabilities.
People With Type 1 Diabetes of African Caribbean Ethnicity Are at Increased Risk of Developing Sight-Threatening Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Mangelis Anastasios , Wijewickrama Piyumi , Nirmalakumaran Abbeyramei , Fountoulakis Nikolaos , Vas Prashanth , Webster Laura , Mann Samantha , Collins Julian , Hopkins David , Thomas Stephen , Ayis Salma , Karalliedde Janaka 
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVE
There is limited information on the effect of ethnicity on the development of referable sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR) in people with type 1 diabetes. This study describes the risk factors for STDR in a diverse cohort of people with type 1 diabetes attending a regional diabetes eye screening service.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Clinical and digital retinal imaging data from 1,876 people with type 1 diabetes (50% women, 72.1% Caucasian, 17.3% African Caribbean, 2.9% Asian, and 7.6% other) with no retinopathy at baseline, attending surveillance eye screening were reviewed. Referable STDR was defined as the presence of any moderate to severe nonproliferative or preproliferative diabetic retinopathy or proliferative diabetic retinopathy or maculopathy in either eye as per U.K. National Diabetic Eye Screening criteria. Median follow-up was 6 years.

RESULTS
The median (interquartile range) age of the cohort was 29 (21, 41) years. Of the cohort of 1,876 people, 359 (19%) developed STDR. People who developed STDR had higher baseline HbA1c, raised systolic blood pressure (SBP), longer diabetes duration, and were more often of African Caribbean origin (24% vs. 15.6%; P &lt; 0.05 for all). In multivariable Cox regression analyses, African Caribbean ethnicity (hazard ratio [HR] 1.39, 95% CI 1.09–1.78, P = 0.009), baseline SBP (HR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00–1.01, P = 0.033), and baseline HbA1c (HR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00–1.01, P = 0.0001) emerged as independent risk factors for STDR.

CONCLUSIONS
We observed that people with type 1 diabetes of African Caribbean ethnicity are at significantly greater risk of STDR. Further research is required to understand the mechanisms that explain this novel observation.
People with type 1 diabetes of African-Caribbean ethnicity are at increased risk of developing sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Mangelis Anastasios , Wijewickrama Piyumi , Nirmalakumaran Abbeyramei , Fountoulakis Nikolaos , Vas Prashanth , Webster Laura , Mann Samantha , Collins Julianne , HOPKINS DAVID , Thomas Stephen , Ayis Salma , Karalliedde Janaka 
Published: April 2023

<p> </p>
<p><strong>Objective</strong></p>
<p>There is limited information on the effect of ethnicity on the development of referable sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR) in people with type 1 diabetes. To describe the risk-factors for STDR in a diverse cohort of people with type 1 diabetes attending a regional diabetes eye screening service </p>
<p><strong>Research design and methods</strong></p>
<p>Clinical and digital retinal imaging data from 1876 people with type 1 diabetes (50% female, 72.1% Caucasian, 17.3% African-Caribbean, 2.9 % Asian and 7.6% other) with no retinopathy at baseline, attending surveillance eye screening were reviewed. Referable STDR was defined as presence of any moderate to severe non-proliferative or pre-proliferative diabetic retinopathy or proliferative diabetic retinopathy or maculopathy in either eye as per United Kingdom National Diabetic Eye Screening criteria<strong>. </strong>Median follow-up was 6 years.</p>
<p><strong>Results </strong></p>
<p>The median (interquartile range) age of the cohort was 29 (21, 41) years. Of the cohort of 1876 people, 359 (19%) developed STDR. People who developed STDR had higher baseline HbA1c, raised systolic blood pressure (SBP), longer diabetes duration and were more often of African-Caribbean origin (24% vs 15.6%), p<0.05 for all. In multivariable cox regression analyses, hazard ratio (95% confidence intervals), African-Caribbean ethnicity (HR 1.39, CI 1.09-1.78, P=0.009), baseline SBP (HR 1.01 CI 1.00-1.01, p=0.033) and baseline HbA1c (HR 1.01 CI 1.00-1.01, p=0.0001) emerged as independent risk-factors for STDR.</p>
<p><strong>Conclusions</strong></p>
<p>We observed that people with type 1 diabetes of African-Caribbean ethnicity are at significantly greater risk of STDR. Further research is required to understand the mechanisms that explain this novel observation. </p>
THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTRODUCTION TO ESSAY WRITING COURSE’S TEXTBOOK BASED ON HOTS-TECH INTEGRATED WITH CM-PBL (CASE METHOD-PROJECT BASED LEARNING)
Authors: Arifin Muhammad Fatkhu , Anggraeni Candradewi Wahyu , Dewi Mercya Christ Sita 
Published: April 2023

Despite many studies focusing on writing materials, few developed e-book writing materials for university students. This study aims to 1) analyze the students' and lecturers' needs related to the development of the Introduction to Essay Writing Course's textbook based on HOTS-Tech (Higher Order Thinking Skill-Technology) integrated with CM-PBL (Case Method-Project Based Learning) and 2) to develop an Introduction to Essay Writing Course's textbook based on HOTS-Tech integrated with CM-PBL. This study employs R &D with the ADDIE model (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, Evaluate). Participants in the current study are 35 university students and four lecturers. We employed instruments such as questionnaires, interviews, and observations. Data collection traces the ADDIE model, while the data analysis employs non-parametric statistics with a descriptive quantitative model. The result shows that the book adheres contents of the book, material presentation, presentation order, the balance of the chapter, language use, and layout. The activities should cover higher-order thinking skills (HOTs) under main categories; analyzing, evaluating, and creating. The current study implies that EFL university teachers embed technology and HOTs in the Essay Writing e-book to promote the techno-skill of the current generation.
ASSESSING THE LEVEL OF THE STUDENTSâ€™ READING COMPREHENSION ABILITIES AND ITS DIFFICULTIES
Authors: Rahmah Dita Aulia , Mistar Junaidi 
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to assess the student's reading comprehension level and the difficulties that the students faced in reading. The writer conducted this study at Senior High School 2 Pasuruan, especially the 11th-grade students in Language Programs. This study focused on the student's reading ability level and the difficulties that the students faced in reading. The writer used survey research designs in conducting this study. The participants of this study were 30 students. In collecting the data, the writer distributed closed-ended questionnaires, which consisted of 29 questions with a 4-point scale (always, sometimes, rarely, and never). The result showed that 47% of students faced many problems or difficulties understanding the reading text. While 37% of students sometimes found difficulties reading an English passage, 16% of the students who chose "rarely" indicated that the difficulty they faced was not challenging. In conclusion, it was found that many students still need help comprehending the text. The study implies that the influencing factors in reading must be addressed.Â Â
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TEACHING LISTENING WITH A BLENDED-BASED CANVAS MODEL AT THE UNIVERSITY LEVEL
Authors: Wahyuni Erly - , Soeparto Soeparto 
Published: April 2023

The research is to know whether the blended-based canvas model is effective or not used in Listening classes. An experimental design was applied with a mixed method. The quantitative design used was a pretest-posttest experimental and control group design to examine if such a model of learning can affect their comprehension of Listening and a qualitative one to know their responsibilities towards the model. Two classes of third-semester students are selected randomly as research subjects, and each group consists of 32 students. The pretest-posttest scores are analyzed using a t-test. The result of the t-test indicates if there is an increase in the pre-test results after giving treatment (post-test), with the final score being 93.05 for the experimental class and 84.58 for the control class. It reveals that the listening activities designed with blended-based learning in the experiment class are practical. The student's response to this listening model is positive even though the online platform model still has weaknesses. The students can access their courses anywhere and anytime, with no time limitation and dynamic interaction between the teachers and students, and they can also get e-materials quickly.
Mechanization Status, its Technical Indicators and Impact on the Wheat Crop Production in Iraq
Authors: Turky Thaer , Isaak Momtaz , Hassan Naseem A. , Sabah Khalid 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Increase of the number of tractors and harvesters working in agriculture improves significantly the number of agricultural land operations, harvest efficiency and eliminates primitive farming methods. The production expansion is either horizontal through exploitation and reclamation of more areas or vertical such as introduction of technological variables in the same unit area. The current study aims to investigate the gap of the ratio of the number of tractors and harvesters to the agricultural area, its technical indicators and its impact on the wheat crop production. Data were obtained from agricultural departments and divisions of the Salah al-Din Agriculture Directorate to calculate some of the indicators of the technological and technical evaluation. Tables were prepared with the numbers of tractors and agricultural harvesters that cover the cultivation and harvest campaign. Their horsepower was proven and then converted to the kilowatt unit, as well as the agricultural areas within the agricultural plan that is implemented by the Directorate for four seasons. The surplus power of agricultural tractors contributed to the increase in the executed agricultural areas and requirements of agricultural operations such as tillage, harrows, and leveling contrary to agricultural harvesters, in which case there was a gap in the decrease of the number of agricultural combines in relation to the implemented agricultural plan, which, as a result, may cause a loss in wheat crop harvesting on the specified date. The mechanical harvest contributed to the increase in the grain received from the wheat by the grain trading company in the province, which brings economic returns to the farmer.
The Earliest Cyrtina (Brachiopoda, Cyrtinidina) in the Devonian of the Barrandian (Czech Republic)
Authors: Mergl Michal 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The earliest known Cyrtina in the Prague Basin has been discovered in the Kotýs Limestone of the Lochkov Formation (Lochkovian) among a rich brachiopod-coral fauna at Branžovy ridge near Bubovice (Beroun District, Czechia). Rare and imperfectly preserved silicified shells are assigned to Cyrtina praecedens Kozłovski, 1929, a species originally described from Podolia, Ukraine. The species is known also in north-eastern Russia (Tajmyr and Sette-Daban Mts) and likely also in New South Wales, Australia. Its distribution provides evidence of the rapid spread of Cyrtina across the shallow shelves of Laurussia, Siberia and Gondwana in the Early Devonian. The Devonian and Carboniferous distribution of Cyrtina is restricted to the agitated, shallow-water carbonate environment in tropical and temperate climatic belts.