bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Surgical Volume on Outcomes in Newly Diagnosed Colorectal Cancer Patients Receiving Definitive Surgeries
Authors: Yeh Chiu-Mei , Lai Tzu-Yu , Hu Yu-Wen , Teng Chung-Jen , Huang Nicole , Liu Chia-Jen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients who receive cancer surgeries by higher-volume providers may have better outcomes. Our previous studies support the notion that surgeon volume is more important to patient outcomes compared with hospital volume. However, the definitions of surgical volume may affect the results. We aim to analyze the effects of different definitions of surgical volume on patient outcome.
Methods: We conducted a nationwide population-based study in Taiwan that enrolled all patients who underwent definitive surgery for newly diagnosed CRC between 2005 and 2016. We divided all patients into four quartiles according to different definitions of hospital and surgeon volumes, including total, cumulative, and annual volumes. The primary outcome was a five-year mortality rate, which was analyzed using a frailty model for Cox regression. We adjusted for patientand provider characteristics to control for potential confounding factors. The discrimination model of the different definitions of surgical volume was estimated by the Akaike information criterion (AIC) and the Bayesian information criterion (BIC).
Results:
We included 100,009 newly diagnosed CRCpatients in this study, including 55,849 (55.8%) males and 44,160 (44.2%) females, of median age 66 years at diagnosis (range, 20–105 years). The five-year mortality rates were reversely associated with hospital and surgeon volume quartiles, respectively. After adjustment for the patient and provider characteristics, we found that surgeon volume, but not hospital volume, remained an independent predictor of death (p < 0.001). We further compared three definitions of surgical volume and found cumulative volume provided the lowest AIC and BIC for the prediction of five-year mortality. After adjusting for basic characteristics of patient, hospital, and physician, CRC patients in the high hospital and high surgeon cumulative volume group had the significantly lowest risk of mortality (HR 0.72; 95% CI 0.68–0.75; p< 0.001), followed by the low hospital and high surgeon volume group (HR 0.80; 95% CI 0.77–0.83; p < 0.001) as compared with the low hospital and low surgeon volume group.
Conclusion:
CRC patients receiving definitive surgery by higher-volume providers had better outcomes, especially where surgeon volume may play a more important role than hospital volume. The cumulative volume could predict five-year mortality of the study cohort better than total and annual volume.
TSH Receptor Reduces Hemoglobin S Polymerization, Increases Deformability and Adhesion of Sickle Erythrocytes
Authors: Mendonça-Reis Evelyn , Guimarães-Nobre Camila Cristina , Teixeira-Alves Lyzes Rosa , Berto-Junior Clemilson 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background:
SCD is a hereditary disorder caused by genetic mutation in the beta-globin gene, resulting in abnormal hemoglobin, HbS, that forms sickle-shaped erythrocytes. Patients with SCD have endocrine disorders and it was described that 7% of these patients have clinical hypothyroidism. Recent studies have shown that mature erythrocytes possess TSH receptors. Thus, we aimed to assess the effects of TSH on SCD erythrocytes. The experiments were conducted using different concentrations of TSH (1, 2, 3, and 5 mIU/L). In HbS polymerization assay, erythrocytes were exposed to TSH in hypoxia to induce polymerization, and measurements taken for 30 minutes. The deformability assay was made using Sephacyl-S 500 columns to separate deformable from non-deformable cells. Static adhesion test utilized thrombospondin to assess erythrocyte adhesion in the presence of TSH. TSH at all contractions were able to reduce polymerization of HbS and increase deformability. The static adhesion of erythrocytes at the lowest concentrations of 1 and 2 mIU/ L were increased, but at higher contractions of 3 and 5 mIU/L, static adhesion was not modulated. The results suggest that TSH has potential involvement in the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease by inhibiting HbS polymerization, positively modulating deformability, and impacting static adhesion to thrombospondin.
Antibiotic stewardship using ePOCT+, a digital health clinical decision support algorithm for paediatric outpatient care: results from the DYNAMIC Tanzania cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tan Rainer , Kavishe* Godfrey , Kulinkina* Alexandra , Luwanda* Lameck , Renggli Sabine , Mangu Chacha , Ashery Geofrey , Jorram Margaret , Mtebene Ibrahim , Agrea Peter , Mhagama Humphrey , Vonlanthen Alan , Faivre Vincent , Thabard Julien , Levine Gillian , Pogam Marie-Annick Le , Keitel Kristina , Taffé Patrick , Ntinginya** Nyanda , Masanja** Honorati , D'Acremont** Valérie 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Excessive antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance are major global public health threats. We developed ePOCT+, a digital Clinical Decision Support Algorithm in combination with C-reactive protein test, haemoglobin test, pulse oximeter and mentorship, to guide healthcare providers in managing acutely sick children under 15 years old. To evaluate the impact of ePOCT + compared to usual care, we conducted a cluster-randomized controlled trial in Tanzanian primary care facilities (NCT05144763). Over 11 months, 23 593 consultations were included in 20 ePOCT + health facilities, and 20 713 in 20 usual care facilities. Antibiotics were prescribed in 23.2% of consultations in ePOCT + facilities, and 70.1% in usual care facilities (adjusted difference, -46.4%, 95% confidence interval (CI) -57.6 to -35.2). Day 7 clinical failure in ePOCT + facilities was non-inferior to usual care facilities (adjusted relative risk 0.97, 95% CI 0.85 to 1.10). Using ePOCT + could help address the urgent problem of antimicrobial resistance by safely reducing antibiotic prescribing.

*Shared second authorship; contributed equally.
**Shared last authorship; contributed equally.
Targeted mild hypercapnia after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is associated with favourable cardiovascular effects. A sub-study of the TAME cardiac arrest trial.
Authors: Melberg Mathias Baumann , Flaa Arnljot , Andersen Geir Øystein , Sunde Kjetil , Bellomo Rinaldo , Eastwood Glenn , Olasveengen Theresa Mariero , Qvigstad Eirik 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose:
Hypercapnic acidosis may elicit detrimental haemodynamic effects in critically ill patients. We aimed to investigate the consequences of targeted mild hypercapnia (TMH) versus targeted normocapnia (TN) on pulmonary vascular resistance and right ventricular function in patients
resuscitated from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).
Methods:
Single-centre, prospective, sub-study of the Targeted Therapeutic Mild Hypercapnia After
Resuscitated Cardiac Arrest (TAME) trial. Patients were randomised to TMH (PaCO2 = 6.7–7.3 kPa) or TN (PaCO2 = 4.7-6.0 kPa) for 24 hours. Haemodynamic assessment was performed with right heart catheterisation and serial blood-gas analyses every 4th hour for 48 hours.
Results:
We studied 84 patients. Mean pH was 7.24 (95 % CI 7.22–7.30) and 7.32 (95 % CI 7.31–7.34) with TMH and TN, respectively (P-group < 0.001). Pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI), pulmonary artery pulsatility index, and right atrial pressure did not differ between groups (P-group > 0.05). Mean cardiac index was higher with TMH (P-group < 0.001): 2.0 (95 % CI 1.85–2.1) vs 1.6 (95 % CI 1.52–1.76) L/min/m2. Systemic vascular resistance index was 2579 dyne-sec/cm-5/ m2 (95 % CI 2356–2830) with TMH, and 3249 dyne-sec/cm-5/ m2 (95 % CI 2930 – 3368) with TN (P-group < 0.001). Stroke volumes (P-group = 0.013) and mixed venous oxygen saturation (P-group < 0.001) were higher in the TMH-group.
Conclusion:
In resuscitated OHCA patients, targeting mild hypercapnia did not increase PVRI or worsen right ventricular function compared to TN. TMH comparatively improved cardiac performance and mixed venous oxygen saturation.
Trial registration number: NCT03114033
Effects of epibrassinolide on wheat seedling growth and antioxidant properties under Cd2+ stress
Authors: Shen Guo-Ming 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

This study investigates the physiological changes of two varieties wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings namely LX77 and JM22 by spraying different concentrations of epibrassinolide (EBR) under Cd2+ stress using a hydroculture. Results showed that after foliar application of different concentrations of EBR, seedling growth properties, chlorophyll contents, root vigor, osmotic regulators, malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2 contents, relative conductivity, antioxidant enzyme activities were changed in both LX77 and JM22, and the optimal exogenous EBR concentration is 0.01 or 0.1 mg·L− 1.
Harm Reduction Workforce, Behavioral Health, and Service Delivery: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Zerden Lisa , Ware Orrin D. , Lombardi Brooke N. , Lombardi Brianna M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Despite recent financial and policy support for harm reduction, little is known about the harm reduction workforce—the specific types of workers within organizations who design, implement, and actualize harm reduction services. This exploratory mixed-methods study asked: (1) Who constitutes the harm reduction workforce? (2) Who provides behavioral health services within harm reduction organizations? (3) Do referrals differ by type of harm reduction worker?
Methods
Purposive sampling techniques were used to distribute an electronic survey to U.S.-based harm reduction organizations. Descriptive statistics were conducted. Multivariate binary logistic regression models examined the associations (a) between the odds of the referral processes at harm reduction organizations and (b) between the provision of behavioral health services and distinct types of organizational staff. Qualitative data were analyzed using a hybrid approach of inductive and thematic analysis.
Results
Data from 41 states and Washington D.C. were collected (N = 168; 48% response rate). Four primary types of workers were identified: community health/peer specialists (87%); medical/nursing staff (55%); behavioral health (49%); and others (34%). About 43% of organizations had a formal referral process; among these, only 32% had follow-up protocols. Qualitative findings highlighted the broad spectrum of behavioral health services offered and a broad behavioral health workforce heavily reliant on peers. Unadjusted results from multivariate models found that harm reduction organizations were more than 5 times more likely (95% CI=[1.91, 13.38]) to have a formal referral process and 6 times more likely (95% CI=[1.74, 21.52]) to have follow-up processes when behavioral health services were embedded. Organizations were more than two times more likely (95% CI=[1.09, 4.46]) to have a formal referral process and 2.36 (95% CI=[1.11, 5.0]) times more likely to have follow-up processes for referrals when behavioral health providers were included.
Conclusions
The composition of the harm reduction workforce is occupationally diverse. Understanding the types of services offered, as well as the workforce who provides those services, offers valuable insights into staffing and service delivery needs of frontline organizations working to reduce morbidity and mortality among those who use substances. Workforce considerations within harm reduction organizations are increasingly important as harm reduction services continue to expand.
Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extract in Inga edulis seedlings under drought and the potential of phenotypic plasticity
Authors: Santos Cleberton Correia , Silva Antônio Augusto Souza da , Oliveira Caio Henrique de Carvalho , Silverio Juliana Milene , Dias Anderson dos Santos , Linné Jéssica Aline , Scalon Silvana de Paula Quintão , Alovisi Alessandra Mayumi Tokura 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Studies aiming alleviating the effect of drought on plants have increased, and the use of seaweed extract has been a sustainable and promising management for stress tolerance. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the role of Ascophyllum nodosum (L.) Le Jolis seaweed extract (ANE) in Inga edulis Mart. seedlings under drought and post-stress. The seedlings were cultivated under: 1) control (daily irrigation), 2) drought by water restriction – WR (irrigation suspension), 3) WR + 15 mL L-1 ANE, 4) WR + 30 mL L-1 ANE, and 5) WR + 45 mL L-1 ANE, and evaluated in two periods: i) SWD - when the seedlings showed symptoms of water deficit, and ii) REC: recovery (post-stress) - resumption of irrigation for 60 days. The application of 45 mL ANE contributed to the N content of seedlings under drought and post-stress. The order of nutritional requirement was similar for N, Ca, and Mg, but P and K varied according to the evaluation periods under drought. The application of 30 and 45 mL L-1 ANE contributed in the post-stress, favoring the quantum efficiency of photosystem II in response to the higher nutrient content in plant tissue, reflecting on growth in the REC. ANE increased proline content as osmoprotection mechanism during SWD and promoted an efficient recovery. The application of 30 and 45 mL ANE contributes to induction of stress tolerance in I. edulis seedlings under drought, and it favors recovery of plants in the post-stress due to phenotypic plasticity, which becomes a promising management for this species.
Disparities in the burden of prostate cancer and its trends in the Western Pacific Region, 1990-2019
Authors: Yang Shijia , Zhou Jing , Zhang Zhaoyu , Zou Jian , Peng Minghui , Li Xiaopan , Jiang Sunfang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Prostate cancer's (PC) burden and its temporal trend have been poorly studied. This study aimed to fill this gap by evaluating regional disparities of PC burden and trends in China, the Western Pacific Region (WPR), and the World from 1990 to 2019.
Methods
According to the estimation of prostate cancer disease burden in the global burden of disease 2019 (GBD 2019), we applied GBD 2019 analytical tools to compare PC incidence, mortality, prevalence, the years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs) and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) from 1990 to 2019 in China, the WPR, and the World. Disease burden trends between 1990 and 2019 were evaluated using average annual percent change (AAPC) estimated by Joinpoint regression analysis.
Results
There were 268434.51 (95% UI: 229573.18, 329220.58) new PC cases, 2044006.62 (95% UI: 1749910.09, 2541958.35) PC patients, and 90275.23 (95% UI: 76005.63, 109056.31) deaths due to PC in 2019 in the WPR. The trend for DALYs (AAPC=-0.31 (95% CI=-0.35, -0.27)%, P < 0.001) decreased. With the increase in age, PC incidence (AAPC = 91.07 (95%CI = 77.40, 105.79)%, P < 0.001), mortality (AAPC = 114.62 (95%CI = 102.49, 127.48)%, P < 0.001), YLLs (AAPC = 84.23 (95%CI = 74.18, 94.86)%, P < 0.001), and DALYs (AAPC = 84.61 (95%CI = 74.25, 95.60)%, P < 0.001) rates increased notably. Our analysis shows regional differences in PC burden in the WPR from 1990 to 2019. The PC burden in most high-income countries decreased (High-Socio-Demographic-Index (SDI) countries: AAPC 95%CI=-1.46(-1.55, -1.38)%, P < 0.001). The age-standardized DALYs of PC increased in most low-income countries (Low-SDI countries: AAPC 95%CI = 0.41(0.35, 0.47)%, P < 0.001). The age-standardized DALYs of PC in middle-income countries increased or had no apparent changes, except in China (AAPC=-0.24(95% CI=-0.27, -0.2)%, P < 0.001) and Kiribati (AAPC=-0.62(95% CI = -0.83, -0.41)%, P < 0.001), which decreased.
Conclusions
There was a growing burden and profound imbalance in prostate cancer from 1990 to 2019 in the WPR. Our study emphasized the urgent need for tailored prevention and control strategies for PC to reduce disparities in the PC burden and promote health governance in the WPR. Public health strategies effective in high-income countries and some countries in the WPR could be used as references for developing PC prevention and intervention strategies according to local conditions.
Systematic surveillance tools to reduce rodent pests in disadvantaged urban areas can empower communities and improve public health
Authors: Awoniyi Adedayo , Barreto Ana , Argibay Hernan , Santana Juliet , Palma Fabiana , Riviere-Cinnamond Ana , Dobigny Gauthier , Bertherat Eric , Ferguson Luther , Belmain Steven , Costa Federico 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Rodents have been reported to be associated with the transmission of major public health diseases as well as agricultural and economic losses. The lack of site-specific and national standardised rodent surveillance in several disadvantaged communities has rendered interventions targeted towards rodent control as often ineffective. Here, by using the example from a study in The Bahamas, we present a unique experience in which, through multidisciplinary and community engagement, we simultaneously developed a standardised national surveillance protocol, and performed two parallel but integrated activities: 1) eight days of theoretical and practical training of selected participants; and 2) a three-month post-training pilot rodent surveillance in the urban community of Over-the-Hill, Nassau, The Bahamas. In order to account for cultural and environmental conditions in The Bahamas, we modified the Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC) exterior and interior rodent evaluation form and other instruments that have been previously validated for evaluating rodent infestation (tracking plates and snap trapping) to test and to reach a standardised site-specific rodent surveillance protocol for The Bahamas. Our engagement with local communities pointed towards ownership problems, unapproved refuse storage, exposed garbage, sources of animal food, poor bulk wastes management and structural deficiencies as major factors fueling rodent proliferation in the study area. Accordingly, results from our pilot survey using a generalized linear model with a logistic link and binomially distributed error structure confirmed that these variables are significantly correlated with the rodent activities reported and monitored across the study area. Our successful experience could serve as a reference to encourage a standardised protocol for monitoring rodent activities in many disadvantaged urban settings of the Global South, while also aiding the holistic understanding of rodent proliferation. Through this case-study and pilot program, we advocate for the feasibility of developing sustainable rodent control interventions that can be acceptable for both local communities and public authorities, especially through the involvement of a multidisciplinary team of professionals and community members.
Exploration of the shared molecular signatures in monkeypox and HIV infection using integrated bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Li Shifang , Gong Meijiao 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Monkeypox (Mpox) was declared a public health emergency of international concern by WHO, and there is growing evidence of an association between mpox and HIV infection. However, the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. In this study, using integrated bioinformatics analysis, the underlying mechanisms and important genes involved in the crosstalk between HIV and Mpox were investigated. CHMP2A was shown to be significantly upregulated after Mpox infection and in HIV-infected CD8+ T cells utilizing DEG and weighted gene co-expression network (WGCNA) analysis. Following that, the HIV scRNA-seq dataset was examined further to establish the expression level and location of the CHMP2A gene. CHMP2A was shown to be significantly expressed in CD8+ exhaustion T cells, and its expression increased in CD8+ exhaustion T cells from HIV patients. Interestingly, pseudotime analysis revealed that CHMP2A was linked to the differentiation of CD8+ effector memory T cells into CD8+ exhaustion T cells. In addition, TAF7 and IRF3 were identified as possible upstream transcription factors that regulate CHMP2A by pySCENIC analysis. Finally, applying virtual screening of 4381 approved drugs and molecular dynamics simulations analysis, ZINC000027990463 has the potential to be a drug that targets CHMP2A. Overall, our results reveal key biomarkers that are potentially involved in the crosstalk between Mpox and HIV, which provides new insights into the mechanisms of disease co-infection. Further investigation is needed to determine the function of CHMP2A in CD8+ T cells following infection.
Integrasi Jalur Evakuasi pada Bangunan Publik Bertingkat Menggunakan Pendekatan Space Syntax
Authors: Raniasta Yohanes Satyayoga 
Published: June 2023

Title: Integration of Multi-stories Public Buildings Evacuation Routes with Space Syntax Approach Case Study: The Design of Kanisius Junior High School, Kalasan

Fires and earthquakes are the two major disasters that threaten buildings. Public buildings require a design that can mitigate the adverse effects of the disaster, which requires excellent attention to the evacuation aspect when a disaster occurs. This study will evaluate the design of one of the public buildings that became the study material, Kanisius Junior High School (SMP), located in Kalasan, D.I. Yogyakarta. The building consists of 3 floors with an area per floor of 755 m2. It has a vertical emergency evacuation route through stairs at both ends. Using the Space Syntax method, the path design integration evaluation uses the Integrity tools in the Axial Map series. In contrast, the Visibility Graph tools are used to determine the level of visibility of the path and the ideal need for placing emergency exit signage. The result is that the level of integration of the evacuation route in the Kanisius Kalasan Junior High School building will be known, and the ideal signage placement will be recommended. This research is expected to contribute knowledge in the field of architecture related to the optimization method of emergency evacuation route design in multi-story buildings, as well as provide input for relevant stakeholders.
An Overview: Synthesis of Menthol using Heterogeneous Catalysis
Authors: Tomar Ravi , Kundra Prapti , Sharma Juhi , Mohajer Fatemeh , Ziarani Ghodsi Mohammadi , Yadav Sangeeta 
Published: June 2023

Abstract:
Essential oils are widely used in cosmetic and personal care products. These essential oils
such as menthol, limonene, rose oil, and jasmine oil are extracted from plants and also prepared in the
laboratory. Menthol is the most common cyclic monoterpene alcohol, which has been produced due
to its demand in various industries worldwide. In the literature, there were many protocols reported for
the synthesis of menthols from natural or synthetic precursors. In this review, we summarized the synthesis
of menthol from citral, citronellal, and pulegone using various heterogeneous catalysts under
different conditions. Considering the world’s demand for menthol in food preservatives and scents,
the right optimization of citronella extraction and its conversion is highly important. It can be used in
pharmaceutical industries due to the presence of active substances. The presence of flavored compounds
has the potential to enhance the nutritional value of food. This review will be very helpful for
researchers who are working on menthol synthesis in industry and institutions. The determination of
direct conversion to menthol over indirect conversion can be proven to be effective for industrial use
as it will be more economical and time-saving.