bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The associations between physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep with mortality and incident cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes and mental health in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies
Authors: Duncan Mitch J. , Murphy Leah , Oftedal Stina , Fenwick Matthew J. , Vincent Grace E. , Fenton Sasha 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundPhysical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep are interrelated and may have a synergistic impact on health. This systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies aimed to evaluate the combined influence of different combinations of these behaviours on mortality risk and incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, diabetes, and mental health.MethodsFour online databases were used to identify studies from database inception to May 2023. Prospective cohort studies that examined how different combinations of physical activity, sedentary and sleep behaviours were associated with mortality and incident cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes and mental health in adults were included. Random effects meta-analyses using the Der Simonian and Laird method were conducted.ResultsAssessment of 4583 records resulted in twelve studies being included. Studies were qualitatively summarised and a sub-group of studies (n = 5) were meta-analysed. The most frequent combination of behaviours was duration of leisure time physical activity and sleep (n = 9), with all-cause mortality (n = 16), CVD mortality (n = 9) and cancer mortality (n = 7) the most frequently examined outcomes. Meta-analysis revealed that relative to High physical activity & Mid sleep, High physical activity and Short sleep was not associated with risk of all-cause mortality (RR = 1.05, 95% CI = 0.97, 1.14), however Low physical activity and Short Sleep (RR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.24, 1.63), Low physical activity and Mid Sleep (RR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.12, 1.52), High physical activity and Long Sleep (RR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.01, 1.32), and Low physical activity and Long Sleep were associated with risk of all-cause mortality (RR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.21, 2.20).ConclusionsHigh levels of physical activity may offset all-cause mortality risks associated with short sleep duration. Low levels of physical activity combined with short sleep duration and any level of physical activity in combination with long sleep duration appear to increase mortality risk. Currently there is limited evidence regarding how dimensions of physical activity, sedentary and sleep behaviours other than duration (e.g., quality, timing, type) are associated with future health status.
Drug-related deaths among housed and homeless individuals in the UK and the USA: comparative retrospective cohort study
Authors: Roberts Emmert , Copeland Caroline , Humphreys Keith , Shover Chelsea L. 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundThe UK and USA currently report their highest number of drug-related deaths since records began, with higher rates among individuals experiencing homelessness.AimsGiven that overdose prevention in homeless populations may require unique strategies, we evaluated whether substances implicated in death differed between (a) housed decedents and those experiencing homelessness and (b) between US and UK homeless populations.MethodWe conducted an internationally comparative retrospective cohort study utilising multilevel multinomial regression modelling of coronial/medical examiner-verified drug-related deaths from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2021. UK data were available for England, Wales and Northern Ireland; US data were collated from eight county jurisdictions. Data were available on decedent age, sex, ethnicity, housing status and substances implicated in death.ResultsHomeless individuals accounted for 16.3% of US decedents versus 3.4% in the UK. Opioids were implicated in 66.3 and 50.4% of all studied drug-related deaths in the UK and the USA respectively. UK homeless decedents had a significantly increased risk of having only opioids implicated in death compared with only non-opioids implicated (relative risk ratio RRR = 1.87, 95% CI 1.76–1.98, P < 0.001); conversely, US homeless decedents had a significantly decreased risk (RRR = 0.37, 95% CI 0.29–0.48, P < 0.001). Methamphetamine was implicated in two-thirds (66.7%) of deaths among US homeless decedents compared with 0.4% in the UK.ConclusionsBoth the rate and type of drug-related deaths differ significantly between homeless and housed populations in the UK and USA. The two countries also differ in drugs implicated in death. Targeted programmes for country-specific implicated drug profiles appear warranted.
State-dependent, visually guided behaviors in the nudibranch Berghia stephanieae
Authors: Quinlan Phoenix D. , Katz Paul S. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Nudibranch mollusks have structurally simple eyes whose behavioral roles have not been established. We tested the effects of visual stimuli on the behavior of the nudibranch Berghia stephanieae under different food and hunger conditions. In an arena that was half-shaded, animals spent most of their time in the dark, where they also decreased their speed and made more changes in heading. These behavioral differences between the light and dark were less evident in uniformly illuminated or darkened arenas, suggesting that they were not caused by the level of illumination. Berghia stephanieae responded to distant visual targets; animals approached a black stripe that was at least 15 deg wide on a white background. They did not approach a stripe that was lighter than the background but approached a stripe that was isoluminant with the background, suggesting the detection of spatial information. Animals traveled in convoluted paths in a featureless arena but straightened their paths when a visual target was present even if they did not approach it, suggesting that visual cues were used for navigation. Individuals were less responsive to visual stimuli when food deprived or in the presence of food odor. Thus, B. stephanieae exhibits visually guided behaviors that are influenced by odors and hunger state.
A neurophysiological limit and its biogeographic correlations: cold-induced spreading depolarization in tropical butterflies
Authors: Andersen Mads Kuhlmann , Willot Quentin , MacMillan Heath A. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
The physiology of insects is directly influenced by environmental temperature, and thermal tolerance is therefore intrinsically linked to their thermal niche and distribution. Understanding the mechanisms that limit insect thermal tolerance is crucial to predicting biogeography and range shifts. Recent studies on locusts and flies suggest that the critical thermal minimum (CTmin) follows a loss of CNS function via a spreading depolarization. We hypothesized that other insect taxa share this phenomenon. Here, we investigate whether spreading depolarization events occur in butterflies exposed to cold. Supporting our hypothesis, we found that exposure to stressful cold induced spreading depolarization in all 12 species tested. This reinforces the idea that spreading depolarization is a common mechanism underlying the insect CTmin. Furthermore, our results highlight how CNS function is tuned to match the environment of a species. Further research into the physiology underlying spreading depolarization will likely elucidate key mechanisms determining insect thermal tolerance and ecology.
Erianin alleviates collagen-induced arthritis in mice by inhibiting Th17 cell differentiation
Authors: Tsai Sen-Wei , Wang Jou-Hsuan , Chang Yu-Kang , Lin Chi-Chen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder. Its pathogenesis is complicated but highly related to aberrant Th17 overactivation. Uncontrolled Th17 cell expansion and activation in populations and associated activities contribute to the progression of RA. Although clinical RA remedies are available, not all RA patients respond to these treatments, and adverse effects are always a concerning issue during treatment. To expand the repertoire of possible anti-RA remedies, we chose the phytochemical compound erianin, isolated from Dendrobium sp., and evaluated its antiarthritic effect in vitro and in vivo. We found that erianin efficiently controlled the differentiation and activation of Th17 cell development from primary CD4 T cells, limiting IL-17A cytokine production and RORγT transcript generation. In line with molecular docking models, the essential signaling pathway for Th17 polarization, the JAK/STAT3 pathway, was inhibited upon erianin treatment, with dose-dependent inhibition of phosphorylation shown by western blotting. More importantly, erianin treatment reduced arthritic manifestations and proinflammatory cytokine levels in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice, as well as protecting the joint histological microstructure. Overall, erianin revealed a promising inhibitory effect on Th17 overactivation and decreased disability in CIA mice. Therefore, erianin could be further developed as a candidate RA remedy.
Noise reduction and QRS detection in ECG signal using EEMD with modified sigmoid thresholding
Authors: Mohguen Ouahiba 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Novel noise reduction and QRS detection algorithms in Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal based on Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD), Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) and the Modified Sigmoid Thresholding Function (MSTF) are proposed in this paper.

Methods
EMD and EEMD algorithms are used to decompose the noisy ECG signal into series of Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs). Then, these IMFs are thresholded by the MSTF for reduction of noises and preservation of QRS complexes. After that, the thresholded IMFs are used to obtain the clean ECG signal. The characteristic points P, Q, R, S and T peaks are detected using peak detection algorithm.

Results
The proposed methods are validated through experiments on the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database and Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) is added to the clean ECG signal at different input SNR (SNR
in). Standard performance parameters output SNR (SNR
out), mean square error (MSE), root mean square error (RMSE), SNR improvement (SNR
imp) and percentage root mean square difference (PRD) are employed for evaluation of the efficacy of the proposed methods. The results showed that the proposed methods provide significant quantitative and qualitative improvements in denoising performance, compared with existing state-of-the-art methods such as wavelet denoising, conventional EMD (EMD-Conv), conventional EEMD (EEMD-Conv, Stockwell Transform (ST) and Complete EEMD with Adaptative Noise with hybrid interval thresholding and higher order statistic to select relevant modes (CEEMDAN-HIT).

Conclusions
A detail quantitative analysis demonstrate that for abnormal ECG records 207 m and 214 m at input SNR of −2 dB the SNR
imp value is 12.22 and 11.58 dB respectively, which indicates that the proposed algorithm can be used as an effective tool for denoising of ECG signals.
Serious Jokes: Friedrich Schlegel and the Philosophical Use of Irony
Authors: Clow James 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Though irony is a category familiar to rhetoric and literature, its philosophical forms are far less explored, and this is especially true with regards to its articulation in the work of Friedrich Schlegel. Schlegel’s engagement with irony is essential to the Romantic philosophical project, one that is fundamentally concerned with contradiction and posits itself as a challenge to and continuation of idealism. Through exploring his relation to the philosophies of Kant and Fichte, this essay demonstrates that Schlegel can deploy irony as a method of taking up the philosophical paradigm of idealism without limiting himself to their systems. He can use Kant and Fichte against themselves, making sincere philosophical arguments through a brazen playfulness. Further, Schlegel’s concept of irony is shown to be a philosophical faculty that is concerned with the limits of philosophy in language. Irony is much more than a rhetorical device – it is a form that allows Schlegel to approach the limits of discursivity from within and so continually stage instances of philosophical contradiction, undermining systematicity. This centering of contradiction is one of Schlegel’s major contributions to the development of German philosophy, critical of those who precede him and spurning their presuppositions of univocal logic. The outworking of Schlegel’s philosophical concern with irony is unmistakably humorous, full of puns, jokes and witticisms, which nevertheless need to be taken seriously. This paper contends that irony is at the crux of Schlegel’s philosophical project, simultaneously the content and mode of his criticism, the source and justification of his humour, and one of Romanticism’s most significant conceptual developments.
A CA and ML approach for M-MIMO optical non-orthogonal multiple access power efficiency
Authors: Kumar Arun , Gour Nidhi , Sharma Himanshu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) multiple access approach can be used in future wireless communication systems to support massive connections and increase spectrum efficiency. Because user signal intensities and interference levels vary, precise channel assessment is essential in NOMA. Optimal power allocation and decoding order are made possible by precise algorithms, increasing system effectiveness and performance. However, NOMA can be adversely impacted by high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) values, leading to worsened system performance and more complex power amplifiers. In order to solve this issue, this paper recommends PAPR reduction in NOMA using companding methods for 512, 256, and 64 sub-carriers. Nonlinear companding techniques, such as MA and A-law companding, can efficiently reduce the high peak power of NOMA signals while reducing distortion and enhancing overall system dependability. The effectiveness of the proposed companding methods is evaluated using simulations, and the results demonstrate a significant decrease in PAPR, ensuring higher bit error rate (BER) effectiveness and transmission resilience in NOMA-based communication systems. The proposed approach is compared to the traditional Ml (C- Ml) and A-Law (C- A-Law).
Efficient employment of Yb doped multi-mode fiber amplifiers based pumped laser with advanced light sources in high speed modulated optical communication systems
Authors: Tamilselvi Mani , Kumar Ata Kishore , Ganapathy Dhanalakshmi , Devi Perumal Kalpana , Ramachandran Thandaiah Prabu , Zahran Ahmed Ali , Yesudasu Vasimalla 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this work, efficient employment of Yb doped multi-mode fiber amplifiers based pumped laser is simulated with advanced light sources in high speed modulated optical communication systems. The total lighted power through measured index multimode fiber based different base band modulation voltages dual drive MZM measured are clarified. The 3D graph of the mode field intensity distribution through measure index multimode fiber is simulated. Total electrical base ban power form through PIN photo-detector based various modulation voltages Dual drive MZM measured are demonstrated. The max Q form factor-min base band BER values through PIN photo-detector based different modulation voltages dual drive MZM measured are also simulated. The electrical base signal form noise ratio varies is simulated and clarified with modulation voltage based dual drive MZM measure varies. The max Q form base band Factor is demonstrated with modulation voltage based dual drive MZM measure varies. Total lighted base power form varies are clarified with modulation voltage based dual drive MZM measure varies. The different measured index multimode fiber characteristics based spatial VCSEL are also clarified and demonstrated.
Rapport-building attempts in technology-mediated job interviews during the COVID-19 crisis
Authors: De Dijn Melina , Van De Mieroop Dorien 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The COVID-19 situation has turned job interview practices upside down: while it was common to organize face-to-face job interviews, there is now a surge in technology-mediated job interviews (TMJIs). This shift to a digital medium self-evidently affects these interactions and earlier research has indeed drawn attention to the – often negative – impact of technology on interactions. For job interviews in particular, the tendency for shorter “rapport-building stages” in TMJIs is regarded as an important disadvantage. In this article, we analyze TMJIs recorded after the start of the COVID-19 crisis from a multimodal discourse analytical perspective. We specifically focus on initial sequences that are hindered by technical issues, as the limiting impact of technology is most tangible in these segments. We found that the digital medium does not necessarily prevent rapport-building efforts. Furthermore, the COVID-19 situation turned out to offer interviewers an almost self-evident point of departure for rapport-building attempts which can be viewed in the light of more encompassing facilitative actions of the recruiters. Hence, this article demonstrates that interlocutors can agentively transform technology-related deficiencies into occasions affording opportunities for potential rapport-building, especially by drawing on the shared nature of the pandemic.
Crystal structure of poly[(μ
2-5-hydroxy-isophthalato-κ4
O,O′:O″,O‴)-(μ
2-1,5-bis(imidazol-2-methyl)pentane-κ2
N:N′)cadmium(II)], C21H24CdN4O5
Authors: Cai Jin , Yao Xin-Tong , Chen Man-Sheng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
C21H24CdN4O5, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 9.5381(7) Å, b = 20.9393(14) Å, c = 11.4813(8) Å, β = 104.3660(10)°, V = 2221.4(3) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0319, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0873, T = 296(2) K.
Structural characteristics and visible-light-driven photocatalytic of ZnO@octahedral NiFe2O4 microcrystal prepared via thermal decomposition process
Authors: Keereeta Yanee , Prasatkhetragarn Anurak , Sirirak Reungruthai , Klinbumrung Arrak 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Owing to the confinement of ZnO in the photocatalytic application: the wide bandgap, the rapid photogenerated carriers recombination, and the expensive cost for the catalyst separation from the wastewater, the p-n heterojunction of NiFe2O4 magnetic phase and ZnO is considered to improve the photocatalytic efficiency and the catalyst separation by the external magnetic. The NiFe2O4/ZnO composites with 0–12 wt% of NiFe2O4 were prepared by an ordinary process and characterized using XRD, Raman, SEM, EDS, TEM, HRTEM, UV–Vis spectroscopy, and PL techniques. The Raman spectra confirm the crystallinity of ZnO and NiFe2O4, including their defects. As increasing NiFe2O4 incorporation, the crystallite size of ZnO phase depicts a lower value with changing from 53.14 to 40.49 nm, whereas NiFe2O4 phase reveals a greater value of 60.61–141.55 nm. The dislocation density, lattice constants, and atomic coordinates are also discussed in terms of ion diffusion. The morphology analysis reveals ZnO particles on the surface of NiFe2O4 microcrystals, confirming the p-n heterojunction formation. The energy bandgap of the as-synthesized samples is in the range of 1.52–2.85 eV, suggesting to the visible light photocatalysis. The prominent PL spectrum indices the forming of Zn interstitial defect state. Under the visible light irradiation, the dye degradation was investigated as a result of the photoreduction percentage and catalyst dosage. With prepared by a facile process, 12 wt% NiFe2O4-loaded ZnO displayed the high methylene blue degradation of 96.96 % within 150 min under visible light irradiation, confirming an excellent photocatalyst. Due to the microstructural composite, the active surface site and the p-n heterojunction were elucidated as the principal mechanism for the difference in reaction time. The dye degradation was discussed in association with the structural constants, morphology, and defects.
PEMBELAJARAN OLAH RAGA DENGAN MODEL KONTEKSTUAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN GERAK DASAR
Authors: Komaludin Dudi 
Published: September 2023

Salah satu tugas perkembangan anak adalah mengembangkan gerak dasar anak sesuai dengan usianya. Tujuan pendidikan jasmani yaitu mengembangkan kemampuan koordinasi gerak, menanamkan nilai-nilai sportivitas, disiplin, dan meningkatkan kesegaran jasmani. Untuk mencapai tujuan yang diharapkan pada pembelajaran keterampilan gerak diperlukan model pembelajaran yang menyenangkan sesuai dengan karakteristik anak. Salah satu model tersebut yaitu model pembelajaran kontekstual. Pembelajaran kontekstual adalah suatu pendekatan pembelajaran yang menekankan kepada proses keterlibatan siswa secara penuh untuk dapat menemukan materi yang dipelajari dan menghubungkanya dengan situasi kehidupan nyata sehingga mendorong siswa untuk dapat menerapkannya dalam kehidupan yang nyata. Penelitian ini mengunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode penelitian kuasi eksperimen pada siswa SD Padasuka 1 dan 2. Berdasarkan pedoman interpretasi Guildford, koefisien korelasi tersebut termasuk pada kategori hubungan yang sedang. Adapun t hitung (5,70) t tabel (2,013). Jadi, pendidikan olah raga dengan model kontekstual memiliki hubungan erat terhadap peningkatan kemampuan gerak dasar. One of the tasks of child development is to develop children's basic movements according to their age. The purpose of physical education is to develop the ability to coordinate movement, instill the values of sportsmanship, discipline, and improve physical fitness. To achieve the expected goals in the learning of motion skills a fun learning model is needed in accordance with the characteristics of the child. One such model is the contextual learning model. Contextual learning is a learning approach that emphasizes the process of full student involvement to be able to find the material being studied and relate it to real life situations so as to encourage students to be able to apply it in real life. This study uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental research method in Padasuka 1 and 2 elementary students. Based on the Guildford interpretation guidelines, the correlation coefficient is included in the moderate relationship category. The t count (5.70) t table (2.013). So, sports education with a contextual model has a close relationship with increasing basic mobility
Evaluation features of network quality and efficiency indicators of data transmission and traffic routing
Authors: Ланин М.А. 
Published: September 2023

Проведен углубленный анализ показателей качества и эффективности сетевых систем. Выявлены существенные показатели качества сети передачи данных, определяющие степень ее пригодности для использования по назначению и влияющие на значения показателей эффективности. Систематизированы частные показатели эффективности функционирования сети, включая, наряду с результативностью, оперативностью и ресурсоемкостью, промежуточные показатели производительности и продуктивности, обладающие самостоятельной информативностью применительно к оцениванию эффективности сети. Обоснована целесообразность раздельного рассмотрения показателей технического качества сетей и качества обслуживания их пользователей.
An in-depth analysis of the quality and efficiency of network systems has been carried out. Significant indicators of the quality of the data transmission network have been identified, determining the degree of its suitability for its intended use and influencing the values of efficiency indicators. The article systematizes private indicators of the effectiveness of network, including, along with efficiency, speed and resource intensity, intermediate indicators of performance and productivity, which have independent informativeness in relation to evaluating the network efficiency. The expediency of separate consideration of indicators of the technical quality of networks and the quality of service for their users is substantiated.