bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase I/II Study of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Consisting of S-1 and Cisplatin for Patients with Clinically Resectable Type 4 or Large Type 3 Gastric Cancer (OGSG1205)
Authors: Shinkai Masayuki , Imano Motohiro , Yokokawa Masaki , Tanaka Ryo , Matsuyama Jin , Shimokawa Toshio , Kawakami Hisato , Satoh Taroh , Yasuda Takushi , Furukawa Hiroshi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
To improve the prognosis of clinically resectable type 4 or large type 3 gastric cancer (GC), we performed a phase I/II study of neoadjuvant-radiotherapy combined with S-1 plus cisplatin.

Patients and Methods
Phase I, with a standard 3 + 3 dose-escalation design, was performed to define the recommended phase II dose. Efficacy and safety were evaluated in phase II. The three dose levels were as follows: level 0, S-1 60 mg/m2 on days 1–14 plus cisplatin 60 mg/m2 on day 1; level 1, S-1 80 mg/m2 on days 1–14 plus cisplatin 60 mg/m2 on day 1; and level 2, S-1 80 mg/m2 on days 1–14 and 22–35, plus cisplatin 60 mg/m2 on days 1 and 22. The starting dose was level 1. Radiotherapy was delivered at a total dose of 40 Gy in fractions for 4 weeks.

Results
A total of six patients were enrolled in the phase I study. Dose-limiting toxicity was observed at level 2; level 1 was established as the recommended phase II dose. In phase II, 20 patients were enrolled from November 2012 to April 2018. Grade 3/4 leukopenia and nonhematologic adverse events occurred in 35% and 5% of the patients, respectively. In total, 19 patients underwent the protocol surgery; 2 (10.5%) achieved a pathological complete response. There were no treatment-related deaths; 3- and 5-year overall survival rates were 70.0 and 50.0%, respectively.

Conclusions
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with S-1 plus cisplatin is a safe and promising treatment for clinically resectable type 4 or large type 3 GC.
Validity of A-Mode Ultrasound for Estimating Body Fat Percentage of Young Adult Athletes: A Multicomponent Model Study
Authors: Wagner Dale R. , Cafferty Elizabeth A. , Harper Sara A. , Vakula Michael N. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Body fat percentage (%BF) estimated from subcutaneous fat thickness measured by A-mode ultrasound (%BFUS) has been compared to %BF estimates from laboratory methods such as dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and air displacement plethysmography (ADP); however, comparison to a four-component (4C) reference model is lacking.

Purpose
This study compared %BFUS to %BF4C in young adult athletes.

Methods
University club sport athletes (86 women, 138 men) from a variety of teams participated. ADP, DXA, and bioimpedance spectroscopy were used to measure body volume, bone mineral content, and total body water, respectively, for the 4C model. Ultrasound measurements were taken at three sites to estimate %BFUS. Comparisons between %BFUS and %BF4C were evaluated with Pearson correlation, paired t-test, linear regression, equivalence testing, and plots of individual errors.

Results
For the combined sample of men and women (N = 224), the two methods were highly correlated (r = 0.93) with a constant error (CE) of 0.8% BF (P < .001) and standard error of estimate (SEE) of 3.0% BF. The 90% confidence intervals of the mean difference (0.47 to 1.17) were well within the ±2% BF limits for equivalence testing, and no bias was evident from the error plot. However, equivalence testing failed to remain inside the ±2% BF range for women, and the prediction errors for women (CE = 1.9% BF, P < .001, SEE = 3.2% BF) were larger than for men (CE = 0.1% BF, P = .597, SEE = 2.8% BF).

Conclusions
Overall, the %BFUS errors were low, suggesting that A-mode ultrasound is a valid field measure of %BF for young adult athletes. Accuracy is better for men than women.
To Teach Is to Learn? The Effects of Student-generated Questioning on Reading Comprehension
Authors: III Dawson R. Lewis 
Published: January 2025

A large body of evidence demonstrates that cooperative learning promotes reading achievement. Cooperative learning is based on Social Interdependence Theory, which holds that learners benefit from leveraging cooperative effort to achieve individual and mutual goals. Student-generated questioning (SGQ) is a cooperative learning strategy that promotes learning through an iterative self and peer-assessment process. SGQ has yielded mixed results among lower-proficiency language users, where linguistic and cultural barriers can impede efficacy. Providing students with pre-training, procedural prompts, and language modeling has proven effective. A quasi-experimental, pretest-posttest design was employed to determine the impact of a highly scaffolded SGQ strategy on reading comprehension in two intact CEFR-A2 reading classes (n = 62) over a 16-week semester at a Japanese university. The Cambridge A2 Key Test was administered before and after the reading intervention. Parametric test results revealed SGQ had no significant effect on any of the five reading subskills. Further discussion of findings and recommendations may prove instructive for reading educators and researchers of low-proficiency English students in Japan and other East Asian contexts.
Design and analysis of a 0.36  NA central obscuration extreme ultraviolet objective system
Authors: Wang Shuai , Chen Xianxing , Xu Xinhuai , Wang Liping 
Published: January 2025

The prevalent 0.33 NA unobstructed extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL) six-mirror objective system is characterized by a large average incidence angle at M5, which adversely affects imaging performance and energy transmission following coating. In order to improve the system performance of coated EUVL objectives, this paper presents an innovative 0.36 NA EUVL objective system, to our knowledge, designed to mitigate these issues by reducing the average incidence angle. Meanwhile, the genetic adaptive particle swarm hybrid effective set algorithm (GA-APSO-Aset), which does not need to provide a starting point, is proposed to search the initial structure of the new system, and further optimized. It achieves comprehensive wavefront aberration across the full field-of-view (FOV), exceeding the benchmark of 1/60λ (λ=13.5nm). In comparison to a conventional 0.33 NA unobstructed EUVL system, the new system exhibits an enhanced average light transmission of over 26% post-coating, providing a strategic approach for the integrated design of EUVL coatings and objective systems.
Deep neural network-based ultra-wideband to multi-narrowband switchable terahertz metamaterial absorber
Authors: Ren Jiali , Zhang Ting , Li Jing 
Published: January 2025

This paper introduces a reconfigurable terahertz metamaterial (THz MM) perfect absorber supported by deep neural networks (DNNs). The device achieves both ultra-wideband (UWB) absorption and multi-narrowband perfect absorption by leveraging the phase-transition properties of vanadium dioxide (VO2). Specifically, when VO2 is in its metallic state, the device functions as a UWB absorber in the range of 3.77–9.5 THz, with an absorption rate exceeding 90% and a relative bandwidth (RBW) of 86.36%. Conversely, when VO2 is in its insulating state, the device switches to a quadruple narrowband absorber, with absorption peaks exceeding 90% at frequencies of 3.376, 4.4075, 4.455, and 4.53 THz. The absorption mechanisms are explained through impedance matching and electromagnetic field distribution theories. Additionally, both the quadruple narrowband and wideband absorption modes exhibit strong polarization insensitivity and wide-angle incidence tolerance. Overall, this device offers excellent absorption performance, enabling mode switching and dynamic adjustment of absorption characteristics across modes to meet diverse functional requirements. This research has broad applications in 6G communications, integrated photonics, optoelectronic sensors, optical polarization control devices, and biomedical diagnostics, providing an effective strategy for the design of multi-functional THz devices.
Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 infection over two epidemic waves in Manaus, Brazil: A serological study of seven thousand blood donors
Authors: Alexander Neal , Dye Christopher , Busch Michael P. , Buss Lewis , Prete Carlos A. , Brady Oliver J. , Mee Paul , Abrahim Claudia M. M. , Crispim Myuki A. E. , da Costa Allyson G. , Salomon Tassila , Mayaud Philippe , Oikawa Márcio K. , Faria Nuno R. , Sabino Ester C. 
Published: January 2025

Background
Most longitudinal studies of COVID-19 incidence have used unlinked samples. The city of Manaus, Brazil, has a blood donation program which allows sample linkage, and was struck by two large COVID-19 epidemic waves between mid-2020 and early 2021.

Methods
We estimated the changing force of infection, i.e. incidence in susceptible individuals. Seroconversion was inferred by a mixture model for serial values from the Abbott Architect SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) IgG assay. We estimated the number of suspected COVID-19 hospitalizations arising from each infection over calendar time.

Results
Whole blood donations between April 2020 and March 2021 were included from 6734 people, 2747 with two or more donations. The inferred criterion for seroconversion, and thus an incident infection, was a 6.07 fold increase in N IgG reactivity. The overall force of infection was 1.19 per person year (95% confidence interval 1.14–1.24) during the two main waves. The estimated number of suspected hospitalizations per infection, was approximately 4.1 times higher in the second wave than in the first.

Conclusions
Serial values from this assay can be used to infer seroconversion over time, and in Manaus show a higher number of suspected COVID-19 hospitalizations per infection in the second wave relative to the first.
The co-occurrence of multimorbidity and polypharmacy among middle-aged and older adults in Canada: A cross-sectional study using the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) and the Canadian Primary Care Sentinel Surveillance Network (CPCSSN)
Authors: Nicholson Kathryn , Salerno Jennifer , Borhan Sayem , Cossette Benoit , Guenter Dale , Vanstone Meredith , Queenan John , Greiver Michelle , Howard Michelle , Terry Amanda L. , Williamson Tyler , Griffith Lauren E. , Fortin Martin , Stranges Saverio , Mangin Dee 
Published: January 2025

Background
There is an increasing prevalence of multiple conditions (multimorbidity) and multiple medications (polypharmacy) across many populations. Previous literature has focused on the prevalence and impact of these health states separately, but there is a need to better understand their co-occurrence.

Methods and findings
This study reported on multimorbidity and polypharmacy among middle-aged and older adults in two national datasets: the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) and the Canadian Primary Care Sentinel Surveillance Network (CPCSSN). Using consistent methodology, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis of CLSA participants and CPCSSN patients aged 45 to 85 years as of 2015. When multimorbidity was defined as two or more conditions, the prevalence was 66.7% and 52.0% in the CLSA and CPCSSN cohorts, respectively. The prevalence of polypharmacy was 14.9% in the CLSA cohort and 22.6% in the CPCSSN cohort when defined as five or more medications. Using the same cut-points, the co-occurrence of multimorbidity and polypharmacy was similar between the two cohorts (CLSA: 14.3%; CPCSSN: 13.5%). Approximately 20% of older adults (65 to 85 years) were living with both multimorbidity and polypharmacy (CLSA: 21.4%; CPCSSN: 18.3%), as compared to almost 10% of middle-aged adults (45 to 64 years) living with this co-occurrence (CLSA: 9.2%; CPCSSN: 9.9%). Across both cohorts and age groups, females had consistently higher estimates of multimorbidity, polypharmacy and the co-occurrence of multimorbidity and polypharmacy.

Conclusions
This study found that multimorbidity and polypharmacy are not interchangeable in understanding population health needs. Approximately one in five older adults in the CLSA and CPCSSN cohorts were living with both multimorbidity and polypharmacy, double the proportion in the younger cohorts. This has implications for future research, as well as health policy and clinical practice, that aim to reduce the occurrence and impact of multimorbidity and unnecessary polypharmacy to enhance the well-being of aging populations.
Exercise limitation in chronic kidney disease: An experimental pilot study with leg and arm exercise
Authors: Wallin Helena , Jansson Eva , Said Ragad , Lundberg Sigrid , Zolfaghardidani Pourya , Eriksson Maria J. , Rickenlund Anette , Sundblad Patrik 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMaximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) in healthy subjects is primarily limited by systemic oxygen delivery. In chronic kidney disease (CKD), VO2max is potentially reduced by both central and peripheral factors. We aimed to investigate the effect on VO2peak of adding arm exercise to leg exercise. Ten individuals with CKD stages 3–5 and 10 healthy controls, matched for age, sex, body size, and physical activity level, were included. Subjects performed two maximal exercise tests, one with legs only (L exercise) and one test where arm exercise was added to leg exercise (LA exercise). The increase in VO2peak, when comparing LA exercise with L exercise, was significantly higher in CKD (0.20 ± 0.18 L/min or 2.31 ± 1.78 mL/(kg·min)) than in controls (0.019 ± 0.12 L/min or 0.26 ± 1.62 mL/(kg·min); p = 0.02 and 0.01, respectively). The decrease in peak leg workload, when comparing L exercise with LA exercise, was larger in controls than in CKD, in absolute terms (p = 0.002) and relative to body weight (p = 0.01). VO2max in individuals with CKD is dependent on the active muscle mass, supporting a peripheral limitation to VO2max in CKD. By contrast, the control group appeared to have a more central limitation to VO2max.
Optimal volume bound and volume growth for Ricci-nonnegative manifolds with positive bi-Ricci curvature
Authors: Zhou Jie , Zhu Jintian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we prove the optimal volume growth for complete Riemannian manifolds

(

M
n

,
g
)

(M^{n},g)

with nonnegative Ricci curvature everywhere and bi-Ricci curvature bounded from below by

n
−
2

n-2

outside a compact set when the dimension is less than eight.
This answers a question proposed by Antonelli–Xu in dimensions six and seven.
As a by-product, we also prove an analogy of Gromov’s volume bound conjecture under the condition of positive bi-Ricci curvature.
XUV yield optimization of two-color high-order harmonic generation in gases
Authors: Raab Ann-Kathrin , Redon Melvin , Roscam Abbing Sylvianne , Fang Yuman , Guo Chen , Smorenburg Peter , Mauritsson Johan , Viotti Anne-Lise , L’Huillier Anne , Arnold Cord L. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We perform an experimental two-color high-order harmonic generation study in argon with the fundamental of an ytterbium ultrashort pulse laser and its second harmonic. The intensity of the second harmonic and its phase relative to the fundamental are varied while keeping the total intensity constant. We extract the optimum values for the relative phase and ratio of the two colors which lead to a maximum yield enhancement for each harmonic order in the extreme ultraviolet spectrum. Within the three-step model, the yield maximum can be associated with a flat electron return time versus return energy distribution. An analysis of different distributions allows to predict the required relative two-color phase and ratio for a given harmonic order, total laser intensity, fundamental wavelength, and ionization potential.
Agricultural Agents: Utilizing Matrix Calibrations for the Accurate Quantification of Contaminants in Cannabis Products
Authors: Glaros Jini L. , Bergel Wyatt T. , Perkins Derek B. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Cannabis is an extremely complex matrix that has chemical properties that can make the quantitation of various analytes within the product difficult. As such, laboratories must develop methods that will account for the matrix effect and interferences that naturally occur in everyday samples. Although most analyses can be impacted by matrix, agricultural agent testing is impacted the most. If a laboratory wants to accurately identify and quantify compounds of interest, matrix calibrations, the use of internal standards, and robust method development are essential. This paper will provide data and evidence regarding the impact that a matrix can have on agricultural agent results and why the lack of matrix calibrations can be detrimental to the accurate identification and quantitation of the analytes. Additionally, tools for identifying matrix interferences and how to combat these issues will be discussed in further detail. Cannabis laboratories must focus on producing data that are accurate, reproducible, and legally defensible to help ensure consumer safety. Consumption, whether through inhalation or ingestion, of toxic agricultural agent residues can be extremely dangerous to the health of consumers and in the United States, third party laboratories have been assigned the responsibility of ensuring that all products on the market are safe. As such, this research and its supporting evidence play a critical role in the cannabis industry and the laboratories ability to protect the consumer.
Evaluation of Open-Graded Friction Course Mixes with Agro-Waste–Derived Natural Fibers
Authors: Sharma Ashish , Choudhary Rajan , Kumar Ankush , Biswapriya Dash Saswat 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
As an agrarian economy, India produces the second-largest amount of agricultural waste globally. The practices of indiscriminately disposing of this waste in open lands or burning it in agricultural fields give rise to significant environmental and health concerns. With an increasing need for sustainable road construction materials and practices, engineers are continuously looking for the use of agricultural and plantation-based resources, particularly natural fibers. In order to address problems like binder draindown and raveling associated with high binder content and low fine content, this study focuses on the open-graded friction course (OGFC), which incorporates fibers. Under the investigation on the potential applications of natural fibers, including banana fiber (BNF), sisal fiber (SIF), pineapple fiber (PNF), sunn hemp fiber (SHF), and cellulose fiber (CLF), the study assesses various mix design parameters across 12 combinations, including bulk density, air voids, stone-on-stone contact, binder draindown, and abrasion loss (aged and unaged) at different binder contents, fiber lengths, and dosages. Results indicate an optimum binder content of 6.0 % for all fiber-reinforced OGFC mixes. Grey relational analysis and indirect tensile strength (ITS) tests further validate the improved performance of these mixes, showcasing reduced draindown, and abrasion loss, and enhanced ITS with the incorporation of natural fibers. The comprehensive evaluation of mix design properties ranks BNF as the top-performing, followed by PNF, SIF, and SHF, as indicated by the grey relational grade. This research emphasizes the potential of using agricultural waste for sustainable infrastructure development and promoting eco-friendly practices in the construction industry.
Effects of High-Polymer Grouting for Emergency Treatment of Landslides
Authors: Zhang Zhichao , Tang Xuefeng , Liu Kan , Ye Longzhen , He Xiang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study introduces an innovative approach to emergency treatment of landslides using high-polymer slurry characterized by its rapid solidification, requisite strength, and consistent properties. Model experiments and numerical simulations were conducted to assess the effectiveness of high-polymer, high-pressure grouting for landslide mitigation. The findings demonstrate a substantial improvement in both slope displacement and bearing capacity following high-polymer grouting. A semispindle-shaped solidified mass, approximately 50 cm in axis length, formed between the sliding bed and mass after injecting 300 mL of high-polymer slurry at a pressure of 15 MPa. The cohesive force of this structure was measured at 46.8 kPa, with an internal friction angle of 39.4 degrees, resembling an embedded antisliding key positioned near the sliding surface. This structure effectively enhanced slope-bearing capacity and reduced slope displacement. The measured bearing capacity of the slope model increased from 26 kPa before reinforcement to over 48 kPa, marking a significant enhancement. The simulated results closely align with measured data, with the simulated landslide morphology corresponding well to observed outcomes. These findings validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed high-polymer grouting technique in the emergency treatment of landslides.
Measuring Work of Breathing in an Infant Model: Comparison of Static and Dynamic Test Methods
Authors: Leshner Michael D. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
When an infant’s face becomes engaged with soft bedding materials, a suffocation hazard may be present that is associated with increased work of breathing (WOB). When resistive materials impede airflow, an infant must work harder to breathe and maintain homeostasis. Airway stressors within the infant sleep environment are felt to be risk factors for sudden unexpected infant death (SUID). To quantify the WOB, experiments were performed using a mechanical breathing model for dynamic measurements and compared with a static test method. The model was configured to measure the dynamic pressure and volume of the lungs as they changed during the breathing cycle. Pressure and volume data were used to calculate the WOB per cycle for a range of 12 restrictive bedding materials and 3 types of foam. In addition, static airflow resistance measurements were made using the same materials. It was found that there is a useful correlation between static airflow measurements and dynamic measurements of WOB. The measurement methods and apparatus are described herein.
ОБ АГЕНТНОМ РЕАЛИЗМЕ И ОНТОЛОГИИ КВАНТОВОЙ МЕХАНИКИ
Authors: ПРИСЬ И.Е. 
Published: January 2025

К. Барад предлагает «агентный реализм» в качестве единого подхода к природным и социальным явлениям. Позиция вдохновлена квантовой механикой, и в частности явлением квантового спутывания. Также Барад видит сходства своего подхода с подходом Н. Бора и реляционной квантовой механикой К. Ровелли. На наш взгляд, агентный реализм - разновидность онтологического корреляционизма, а не реализм. Аналогия с подходами Бора и Ровелли лишь частичная. Агентный реализм - неверная интерпретация квантовой механики. Он непригоден и для социального теоретизирования, для которого принятие во внимание чувствительности онтологии к контексту фундаментально. В качестве альтернативы мы предлагаем контекстуальный квантовый реализм (ККР), отвергающий субстанциальные дуализмы (как это делает и Барад), но в то же время принимающий категориальный дуализм реального и идеального. Наш подход также позволяет лучше понять позицию Бора и скорректировать реляционную квантовую механику Ровелли.
К. Barad proposes agential realism as a unified approach to natural and social phenomena. The position is inspired by quantum mechanics and, in particular, the phenomenon of quantum entanglement. Barad also sees similarities between her approach, N. Bohr’s view and C. Rovelli’s relational quantum mechanics. In our opinion, agential realism is a kind of ontological correlationism, and not realism. The analogy with the approaches of Bohr and Rovelli is only partial. Agential realism is a wrong interpretation of quantum mechanics. It is also unsuitable for social theorizing, for which considering the context sensitivity of ontology is fundamental. As an alternative, we propose contextual quantum realism (CQR), which rejects substance dualisms (as Barad does) but at the same time accepts the categorical dualism of the real and the ideal. Our approach also allows for a better understanding of Bohr’s position and correcting Rovelli’s relational quantum mechanics.