bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rac1 activation in oral squamous cell carcinoma as a predictive factor associated with lymph node metastasis
Authors: Yamazaki Masae , Sekikawa Shoichi , Suzuki Taiki , Ogane Satoru , Hashimoto Kazuhiko , Sasaki Aya , Nomura Takeshi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives Secondary lymph node metastasis (SLNM) indicates a poor prognosis, and limiting it can improve the survival rate in early-stage tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC). Many factors have been identified as predictors of SLNM; however, there is no unified view. Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) was found to be a promoter of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and is also attracting attention as a new therapeutic target. This study aims to investigate the role of Rac1 in metastasis and its relationship with pathological findings in early-stage TSCC.Materials and Methods Rac1 expression levels of 69 cases of stage I/II TSCC specimens and their association with clinicopathological characteristics were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining. The role of Rac1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) was examined after Rac1 in OSCC cell lines was silenced in vitro.Results High Rac1 expression was significantly associated with the depth of invasion (DOI), tumor budding (TB), vascular invasion, and SLNM (p < 0.05). Univariate analyses revealed that Rac1 expression, DOI, and TB were factors significantly associated with SLNM (p < 0.05). Moreover, our multivariate analysis suggested that Rac1 expression was the only independent determinant of SLNM. An in vitro study revealed that Rac1 downregulation tended to decrease cell migration and proliferation.Conclusion Rac1 was suggested to be an important factor in the metastasis of OSCC, and it could be useful as a predictor of SLNM.
Multiscalar electrical spiking in Schizophyllum commune
Authors: Adamatzky Andrew , Schunselaar Ella , Wösten Han A. B. , Ayres Phil 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Growing colonies of the split-gill fungus Schizophyllum commune show action potential-like spikes of extracellular electrical potential. We analysed several days of electrical activity recording of the fungus and discovered three families of oscillatory patterns. Very slow activity at a scale of hours, slow activity at a scale of tens minutes and very fast activity at scale of half-minute. We simulated the spiking behaviour using FitzHugh-Nagume model, uncovered mechanisms of spike shaping. We speculated that spikes of electrical potential might be associated with transportation of nutrients and metabolites.
Comparison of SP142 and 22C3 PD-L1 assays in a population-based cohort of triple-negative breast cancer patients in the context of their clinically established scoring algorithms
Authors: Sigurjonsdottir Gudbjörg , De Marchi Tommaso , Ehinger Anna , Hartman Johan , Campos Ana Bosch , Staaf Johan , Killander Fredrika , Niméus Emma 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Immunohistochemical (IHC) PD-L1 expression is commonly employed as predictive biomarker for checkpoint inhibitors in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, IHC evaluation methods are non-uniform and further studies are needed to optimize clinical utility.
Methods We compared the concordance, prognostic value and gene expression between PD-L1 IHC expression by SP142 immune cell (IC) score and 22C3 combined positive score (CPS; companion IHC diagnostic assays for atezolizumab and pembrolizumab, respectively) in a population-based cohort of 232 early-stage TNBC patients.
Results The expression rates of PD-L1 for SP142 IC ≥1%, 22C3 CPS ≥10, 22C3 CPS ≥1 and 22C3 IC ≥1% were 50.9%, 27.2%, 53.9% and 41.8%, respectively. The analytical concordance (kappa values) between SP142 IC+ and these three different 22C3 scorings were 73.7% (0.48, weak agreement), 81.5% (0.63) and 86.6% (0.73) respectively. The SP142 assay was better at identifying 22C3 positive tumors than the 22C3 assay was at detecting SP142 positive tumors. PD-L1 (CD274) gene expression (mRNA) showed a strong positive association with all two-categorical IHC scorings of the PD-L1 expression, irrespective of antibody and cut-off (Spearman Rho ranged from 0.59 to 0.62; all p-values <0.001). PD-L1 IHC positivity and abundance of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes were of positive prognostic value in univariable regression analyses in patients treated with (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy, where it was strongest for 22C3 CPS ≥10 and distant relapse-free interval (HR=0.18, p=0.019). However, PD-L1 status was not independently prognostic when adjusting for abundance of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in multivariable analyses.
Conclusion Our findings support that the SP142 and 22C3 IHC assays, with their respective clinically applied scoring algorithms, are not analytically equivalent where they identify partially non-overlapping subpopulations of TNBC patients and cannot be substituted with one another regarding PD-L1 detection.
Trial Registration The Swedish Cancerome Analysis Network – Breast (SCAN-B) study, retrospectively registered 2nd Dec 2014 at ClinicalTrials.gov; ID NCT02306096.
Application of artificial intelligence in endoscopic image analysis for the diagnosis of a gastric cancer pathogen -Helicobacter pylori infection
Authors: Lin Chih-Hsueh , Hsu Ping-I , Tseng Chin-Dar , Chao Pei-Ju , Wu I-Ting , Ghose Supratip , Shih Chih-An , Lee Shen-Hao , Ren Jia-Hong , Shie Chang-Bih , Lee Tsair-Fwu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is the principal cause of chronic gastritis, gastric ulcers, duodenal ulcers, and gastric cancer. In clinical practice, diagnosis of H. pylori infection by a gastroenterologists’ impression of endoscopic images is inaccurate and cannot be used for the management of gastrointestinal diseases. The aim of this study was to develop an artificial intelligence classification system for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection by pre-processing endoscopic images and machine learning methods. Endoscopic images of the gastric body and antrum from 302 patients receiving endoscopy with confirmation of H. pylori status by a rapid urease test at An Nan Hospital were obtained for the derivation of an artificial intelligence classification system. The H. pylori status was interpreted as positive or negative by CNN and Concurrent Spatial and Channel Squeeze and Excitation (scSE), combined with different classification models for deep learning of gastric images. The comprehensive assessment for H. pylori status by scSE-CatBoost classification models for both body and antrum images achieved an accuracy of 0.90, sensitivity of 1.00, specificity of 0.81, positive predictive value of 0.82, negative predicted value of 1.00, and area under the curve of 0.88. The data suggest that an artificial intelligence classification model using scSE’s deep learning for gastric endoscopic images can distinguish H. pylori status with good performance and is useful for the survey or diagnosis of H. pylori infection in clinical practice.
Promoter variations in a homeobox gene, BrLMI1, contribute to leaf lobe formation in Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis Makino
Authors: Li Pan , Su Tongbing , Li Hui , Wu Yudi , Wang Limin , Zhang Fenglan , Wang Zheng , Yu Shuancang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Leaves are the main consumed organ in leafy non-heading Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. chinensis Makino), and the shape of the leaves is an important economic trait. However, the molecular regulatory mechanism underlying lobed-leaf trait in non-heading Chinese cabbage remains unclear. Here, we identified a stable incompletely dominant major locus qLLA10 for lobed leaves formation in non-heading Chinese cabbage. Based on map-based cloning strategies, BrLMI1, a LATE MERISTEM IDENTITY1 (LMI1)-like gene, was predicted as the candidate gene for qLLA10. Genotyping analysis showed that promoter variations of BrLMI1 in two parents are responsible for elevating the expression in the lobed-leaf parent and ultimately causing the alternation in leaf shape between the two parents, and the promoter activity of BrLMI1 was significantly affected by the promoter variations. BrLMI1 was exclusively localized in the nucleus and expressed mainly at the tips of each lobe. Leaf lobe development was perturbed in BrLMI1-silenced plants produced by virus-induced gene silencing assays, and ectopic overexpression of BrLMI1 in Arabidopsis led to deeply lobed leaves never seen in the wild type, which indicates that BrLMI1 is required for leaf lobe formation in non-heading Chinese cabbage. These findings suggested that BrLMI1 is a positive regulatory factor of leaf lobe formation in non-heading Chinese cabbage and that cis-regulatory variations lead to the phenotype of lobed or entire leaf margins, thus providing the theoretical basis for unraveling the molecular mechanism underlying lobed leaves phenotype in Brassica crops.
Comparative Study of Multi-Physics Generated Small Dipoles in Conducting Media
Authors: Zhou Sai , Pan George 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We investigate dipoles generated by electric current line (TM), electric loop (TE), and mechanically spinning of electret and magnet. While far-zone |HE| of the TE and TM dipole are identical, their near-zone behaviors are drastically different. We present closed form expressions of the Ohmic loss in a spherical lossy shell (SLS) for the first time, which leads to accurate computations and discussions of the article. For electrically small dipole of normalized half dipole-length |ka| ≪1, analytic results show that the radiation efficiency ηr is proportional to |ka| 3 for TM dipole, and |ka| for TE dipole, respectively. Consequently, ηr of TE can be better than TM in two to three orders of magnitude for under seawater communication. The time-domain energy flow velocity (EFV) pattern shows that TM dipole in lossy media is cavity-dominating, while TE/TM in lossless and TE in lossy medium are all radiation-dominating. Numerical results reveal that mechanically spinning dipole is smaller in size and weight but it requires more operation power, compared to its electromagnetic counter-partners. Finally, design, tuning and impedance matching of low-profile TE dipole antenna are outlined.
Transcriptomic meta-analysis characterizes molecular commonalities between psoriasis and obesity
Authors: Vasilopoulos Yiannis , Evangelou Evangelos , Georgakilas George , Antonatos Charalabos 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Despite the abundance of epidemiological evidence for the high comorbid rate between psoriasis and obesity, systematic approaches on common inflammatory mechanisms have not been adequately explored. We performed a meta-analysis of publicly available RNA-sequencing datasets to unveil putative mechanisms that are postulated to exacerbate both diseases, utilizing both late-stage, disease-specific meta-analyses and consensus gene co-expression network (cWGCNA). Single-gene meta-analyses reported several common inflammatory mechanisms fostered by the perturbed expression profile of pathogenic cell types. Assessment of gene overlaps between both diseases revealed significant overlaps between up- (n = 170, P-value = 6.07×10–65) and down-regulated (n = 49, P-value = 7.1×10− 7) genes, associated with increased T cell response and activated transcription factors. Our cWGCNA approach disentangled 48 consensus modules, associated with either the differentiation of leukocytes or metabolic pathways with similar correlation signals in both diseases. Notably, all our analyses confirmed the association of the perturbed T helper (Th)17 differentiation pathway in both diseases. Our novel findings through whole transcriptomic analyses characterize the inflammatory commonalities between psoriasis and obesity implying the assessment of several expression profiles that could serve as putative comorbid disease progression biomarkers and therapeutic interventions.
Anti PCSK9 Monoclonal Antibodies treatment in Elderly Patients – a Real-World Clinic Experience
Authors: Giladi Ela , Daud Waseem , Israel Roy , Gurevitz Chen , Atamna Alaa , Pereg David , Assali Abid , Elis Avishay 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background:
The use of anti PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) is emerging. However, real-world data is lacking for elderly patients.
Objective:
To define the characteristics of elderly patients treated with anti PCSK9 mAb and to evaluate their efficacy and tolerability compared with younger subjects.
Methods:
A retrospective cohort study of elderly patients (≥75 years at enrolment) treated with anti PCSK9 mAb. Data was retrieved for demographic and clinical characteristics, indication for treatment, agents and dosages, concomitant lipid lowering treatment, LDL-c levels at baseline, 6, 12 months and at the end of follow up, reaching LDL-c target levels and adverse effects.
Results:
The cohort included 91 elderly patients and 92 younger ones, mean age 75.2 + 3.76 and 58.9 + 7.4 years (p<0.0001). Most patients (82%, 80%) were at the high/very high-risk categories, in almost all of them (98%, 99%) the indication was statin intolerance, with anti PCSK9 mAb monotherapy the most prevalent regimen. Most patients received Alirocumab (65%, 60%), 42% and 38% were treated by the 150 mg dose. The average follow up was 38.1 + 20.5 and 30.9 + 15.8 months (p=0.0258). Within 6 months the LDL-clevels were reduced by 57% in the elderly group and by 59% in the control group (p=0.2371) and were stable during follow up. Only 53% and 57% reached their LDL-c target levels. No clinically significant adverse events were documented.
Conclusion:
In the real - world setting, anti PCSK9 mAbs have similar effects and tolerability among elderly patients as in the younger population.
Exploring primary care physician feedback following an integrative oncology consultation
Authors: Hauzer Michael , Grimberg Ran , Samuels Noah , Keshet Yael , Mordechai Alperin , Dagash Jamal , Ben-Arye Eran 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective: To explore responses from primary care physicians(PCPs) from an integrative physician (IP) consultation and recommended integrative oncology (IO) treatment program.
Methods: Chemotherapy-treated patients were referred by their oncology healthcare professional to an IP, a physician dually-trained in complementary medicine and supportive cancer care. The consultation summary and patient-centered IO treatment program was then sent to the patient’s PCP, with PCP-to-IP responses analyzed qualitatively using ATLAS.Ti software for systematic coding and content analysis. Trial Registration Number NCT01860365 published May 22, 2013.
Results: Of the 597 IP consultations conducted, 470 (78.7%) summaries were sent to patients’ PCPs, with only 69 (14.7%) PCP-to-IP responses returned. PCPs were more likely to respond if the patient was Hebrew-speaking (78.3% vs. 65.1%, P=0.032). Systematic coding identified four predominant themes among PCP narratives: addressing the patient’s medical condition and leading QoL-related concerns; patient-centered reflections; available resources providing support and promoting resilience; and PCP attitudes to the IO treatment program.
Conclusion: PCP-IP communication can provide valuable insight into the patient's bio-psycho-social care, addressing the patient’s health-belief model, emotional concerns, caregiver-related factors, preferences and barriers to adherence to IO care.
Practice implications: Healthcare services should consider promoting IP-PCP communication in order to facilitate better patient outcomes from an IO treatment program.
Exosome-delivered miR-153 from Trichinella spiralis promotes apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells by downregulating Bcl2
Authors: Wang Ruibiao , Lin Lihao , Han Yang , Li Zhixin , Zhen Jingbo , Zhang Yuheng , Sun Feng , Lu Yixin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Trichinellosis, a helminthic zoonosis, exhibits a cosmopolitan distribution and is a public health concern. In our previous studies, we reported that the exosomes secreted by Trichinella spiralis larvae (TsExos) largely affected cell life activities. The miRNAs, as exosome-delivered cargoes, affect the life activities of the host by targeting genes. The present study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms by which miRNAs interacted with intestinal epithelial cells. First, we constructed a miRNA library of TsExos; then, based on high-throughput miRNA sequencing results, miR-153 and its predicted target genes, namely Agap2, Bcl2 and Pten, were selected for follow-up studies. The dual-luciferase reporter assays revealed that miR-153 directly targeted Bcl2 and Pten. Further, real time qPCR and the Western blotting revealed that only Bcl2 was downregulated by TsExos-delivered miR-153 in porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2). Bcl2, an important antiapoptotic protein, plays an essential role in cell apoptosis as a common intersection molecule of various signal transduction pathways. Therefore, we hypothesized that miR-153 derived from TsExos causes cell apoptosis by targeting Bcl2. The results suggested that miR-153 could induce apoptosis, reduce mitochondrial membrane potential, affect cell proliferation, and cause damage and substantial oxidative stress. Furthermore, miR-153 co-incubated with IPEC-J2 cells stimulated the accumulation of the proapoptotic proteins Bax and Bad, which belong to the Bcl2 family proteins and apoptosis-implementing proteins Caspase9 and Caspase3. Moreover, we confirmed that miR-153 could promote apoptosis by regulating the MAPK and p53 signaling pathways involved in apoptosis. Taken together, exosome-mediated miR-153 delivery secreted by T. spiralis could induce the occurrence of apoptosis and affected the MAPK and p53 signaling pathways by downregulating Bcl2 in IPEC-J2 cells. Our study highlights the mechanisms underlying the invasion of T. spiralis larva.
HiPIMS prepared ultrathin gold film for plasmonic biosensor application
Authors: Huang Sheng-Yang , Hsieh Ping-Yen , Chung Chi-Jen , Chou Chia-Man , He Ju-Liang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

The global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has come to a different stage worldwide. Until now, the common flu-like outbreaks have led to increasing demand for screening tests with high sensitivity and specificity. Among biosensors, the noble metal nano-optical sensor based on localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) has great potential due to its simple design, feasible manufacturing, and fast response. To develop an efficient and economic examination, this study utilizes high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) to prepare ultrathin gold film (UTGF) on glass substrate. The experimental results show that with an increase in the deposition time from 3 s to 144 s, the UTGF forms from an island-like morphology, a network structure, to ultimately a smooth UTGF layer on glass. When the UTGF sample is conjugated with human serum albumin (HSA) at 5×10− 4 M as a pretest analyte, a significant peak shift of 25.6 nm was detected for the UTGF deposited at 12 s. Based on the UV-Vis measurement, the plasmonic loss peak of the UTGF sample with deposition times of 6 s, 12 s, and 24 s are 537.1 nm, 601.9 nm, and 665.8 nm, respectively, whereas the deposition time of 12 s prepared UTGF sample revealed the strongest LSPR effect. With a prolonged deposition time over the percolation time (48 s), those UTGF samples gave no LSPR response. To further detect viral antigen, recombinant severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleocapsid (N) protein, the UTGF were functionalized with mouse anti-human immunoglobulin G (IgG). The HiPIMS prepared UTGF sample feasible for SARS-CoV-2 detection is demonstrated, giving potential application on rapid and ultrasensitive biomolecules sensor.
An appraisal to hydrochemical characterization, source identification and potential health risks of sulphate and nitrate in groundwater of Bemetara district, Central India
Authors: Kumar Mohit , Sharma Mukesh Kumar , Malik Devendra Singh 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Gypsum enriched aquifers (GEA) along with intensive agriculture regions (IAR) in semi-arid regions are responsible for very high amount of sulphate and nitrate in many groundwater systems of the world, respectively. However, in such regions, the problem of nitrate pollution and its associated health risk has been increasing and emerging as a global issue. But along with nitrate, sulphate contamination and its potential health risks are often neglected throughout the world in these regions. Therefore, considering sulphate along with nitrate as major threat to water quality in such regions, this study aimed to characterize hydrochemistry, factors controlling groundwater quality and assessment of risk to human health. To accomplish this objective, 116 groundwater samples were collected over pre-monsoon (PRM) and post-monsoon (POM) (2019) seasons in Bemetara district. As per Bureau of Indian standards (BIS) for drinking, SO42− (28 and 19%) and NO3− (7 and 35%) exceeded the permissible limits in PRM and POM seasons respectively; thereby groundwater was not suitable for drinking. SO42− and NO3− pollution sources were identified and mainly attributed to gypsum dissolution and agricultural activities as well as domestic sewage discharge, respectively. In addition, SO42− and NO3− risk assessment results shows that total 20–46% of all samples surpassed the permissible limit (HQ = 1) risk to children and adult, over both seasons. To ensure drinking water security in this region, sustainable management of agricultural activities and treatment should be done to reduce the potential health risks due to SO42− and NO3− .
Expectant management for umbilical artery thrombosis in monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies: A Case Report
Authors: Wang Qilin , Zhang Yanping , Zhou Rong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Thrombosis of one of the umbilical arteries is a rare complication of pregnancy and is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, including stillbirth and intrauterine growth restriction. Although extremely rare, umbilical artery thrombosis (UAT) in monochorionic diamniotic twins is difficult to diagnose prenatally and manage. UAT has a poor prognosis and is associated with an increased perinatal mortality rate. In most previous cases, emergency cesarean section was performed or intrauterine fetal death occurred at the time of UAT diagnosis.
Case presentation: Herein, we report an extremely rare case of sequential UAT in monochorionic diamniotic twins diagnosed via ultrasound at 29+ 5 weeks of gestation in a 34-year-old woman. Following expectant management with intensive monitoring for 16 days, two healthy infants were delivered through an emergency cesarean section. UAT in both fetuses was confirmed by pathological examination. The mother and twins described in this case underwent long-term follow-up and are currently in good health without any complications.
Conclusions
Based on our experience, we suggest that expectant management should be undertaken as long as the mother and infants are stable on ultrasonographic scans and are closely monitored. When UAT is suspected, we believe that the best delivery time should be determined by considering complaints of unusual fetal movements, non-stress test evidence, gestational age, amniotic fluid volume, and blood flow of the umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery, and ductus venosus. Obstetricians should ensure that the patients and their families are clearly informed about all potential risks of expectant management for UAT.
On application of the new mapping method to magneto-optic waveguides having Kudryashov’s law of refractive index
Authors: Zayed Elsayed. M. E. , Alurrfi Khaled A. E. , Alshbear Rabeaa A. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This paper obtains solitons and other exact travling wave solutions to magneto-optic waveguides that maintains Kudryashov’s law of refractive index using the new mapping method and computer algebraic syatem (CAS) such as Maple or Mathematica. Combo soli-ton solutions, dark solitons, bright solitons, bright-dark solitons, singular soliton solutions and periodic solutions are obtained. Further, some 2D and 3D graphs of the obtained exact travling wave solutions are shown. Finally, comparison between our new results and the well-known results is made.