bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modulation of bone remodeling by the gut microbiota: a new therapy for osteoporosis
Authors: Lyu Zhengtian , Hu Yongfei , Guo Yuming , Liu Dan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe gut microbiota (GM) plays a crucial role in maintaining the overall health and well-being of the host. Recent studies have demonstrated that the GM may significantly influence bone metabolism and degenerative skeletal diseases, such as osteoporosis (OP). Interventions targeting GM modification, including probiotics or antibiotics, have been found to affect bone remodeling. This review provides a comprehensive summary of recent research on the role of GM in regulating bone remodeling and seeks to elucidate the regulatory mechanism from various perspectives, such as the interaction with the immune system, interplay with estrogen or parathyroid hormone (PTH), the impact of GM metabolites, and the effect of extracellular vesicles (EVs). Moreover, this review explores the potential of probiotics as a therapeutic approach for OP. The insights presented may contribute to the development of innovative GM-targeted therapies for OP.
An end-to-end convolutional neural network for automated failure localisation and characterisation of 3D interconnects
Authors: Paulachan Priya , Siegert Jörg , Wiesler Ingo , Brunner Roland 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe advancement in the field of 3D integration circuit technology leads to new challenges for quality assessment of interconnects such as through silicon vias (TSVs) in terms of automated and time-efficient analysis. In this paper, we develop a fully automated high-efficient End-to-End Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model, utilizing two sequentially linked CNN architectures, suitable to classify and locate thousands of TSVs as well as provide statistical information. In particular, we generate interference patterns of the TSVs by conducting a unique concept of Scanning Acoustic Microscopy (SAM) imaging. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) is used to validate and also disclose the characteristic pattern in the SAM C-scan images. By comparing the model with semi-automated machine learning approaches its outstanding performance is illustrated, indicating a localisation and classification accuracy of 100% and greater than 96%, respectively. The approach is not limited to SAM-image data and presents an important step towards zero defect strategies.
Antimicrobial activity of cold atmospheric-pressure argon plasma combined with chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) extract against P. aeruginosa and E. coli biofilms
Authors: Shabani H. , Dezhpour A. , Jafari S. , Moghaddam M. J. Mehdipour , Nilkar M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe present study reports a significant combined antibacterial activity ofCichorium intybusL. (known asChicory) natural extract with cold atmospheric-pressure argon plasma treatment against multi-drug resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria. To detect reactive species that are generated in the argon plasma, optical emission spectra were recorded. The molecular bands were allocated to the hydroxyl radicals (OH) and neutral nitrogen molecules (N2). Moreover, the atomic lines form the emitted spectra were determined to argon atoms (Ar) and the oxygen atoms (O), respectively. The results revealed thatChicoryextract treatment at a concentration of 0.043 g/ml reduced the metabolic activity ofP. aeruginosacells by 42%, while, a reduced metabolic activity of 50.6% was found forE. colibiofilms. Moreover, the combination ofChicoryextract with 3 min Ar-plasma introduced a synergistic effect, so that it exhibited a significantly reduced metabolic activity ofP. aeruginosato 84.1%, andE. coliones to 86.7%, respectively. The relationship between cell viability and membrane integrity ofP. aeruginosaandE. colibiofilms treated withChicoryextract and argon plasma jet were also analyzed by CLSM. It was found that after the combined treatment, a noticeable membrane disruption was formed. Besides, it was concluded thatE. colibiofilms showed a higher sensitivity to Ar-plasma thanP. aeruginosabiofilm at longer plasma exposure times. This study suggests that the anti-biofilm therapy based on a combined effect ofChicoryextract and cold argon plasma treatment can serve as a considerable green method for treatment of antimicrobial MDR bacteria.
Association of MTR gene polymorphisms with the occurrence of non-syndromic congenital heart disease: a case–control study
Authors: Liu Yiping , Zhong Taowei , Song Xinli , Zhang Senmao , Sun Mengting , Wei Jianhui , Shu Jing , Yang Tubao , Wang Tingting , Qin Jiabi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo exhaustively explore the association of infant genetic polymorphisms of methionine synthase (MTR) gene with the risk of non-syndromic congenital heart disease (CHD). A hospital-based case–control study involving 620 CHD cases and 620 health controls was conducted from November 2017 to March 2020. Eighteen SNPs were detected and analyzed. Our date suggested that the genetic polymorphisms of MTR gene at rs1805087 (GG vs. AA: aOR = 6.85, 95% CI 2.94–15.96; the dominant model: aOR = 1.77, 95% CI 1.35–2.32; the recessive model: aOR = 6.26, 95% CI 2.69–14.54; the addictive model: aOR = 1.81, 95% CI 1.44–2.29) and rs2275565 (GT vs. GG: aOR = 1.52, 95% CI 1.15–1.20; TT vs. GG: aOR = 4.93, 95% CI 1.93–12.58; the dominant model: aOR = 1.66, 95% CI 1.27–2.17; the recessive model: aOR = 4.41, 95% CI 1.73–11.22; the addictive model: aOR = 1.68, 95% CI 1.32–2.13) were significantly associated with the higher risk of CHD. And three haplotypes of G-A-T (involving rs4659724, rs95516 and rs4077829; OR = 5.48, 95% CI 2.58–11.66), G-C-A-T-T-G (involving rs2275565, rs1266164, rs2229276, rs4659743, rs3820571 and rs1050993; OR = 0.78, 95% CI 0.63–0.97) and T-C-A-T-T-G (involving rs2275565, rs1266164, rs2229276, rs4659743, rs3820571 and rs1050993; OR = 1.60, 95% CI 1.26–2.04) were observed to be significantly associated with risk of CHD. Our study found that genetic polymorphisms of MTR gene at rs1805087 and rs2275565 were significantly associated with higher risk of CHD. Additionally, our study revealed a significant association of three haplotypes with risk of CHD. However, the limitations in this study should be carefully taken into account. In the future, more specific studies in different ethnic populations are required to refine and confirm our findings.Trial registration: Registration number: ChiCTR1800016635; Date of first registration: 14/06/2018.
Recovery of pinch force sense after short-term fatigue
Authors: Li Lin , Li Yan-xia , Zhang Chong-long , Zhang Dong-hai 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to identify the exact origin of force sense and identify whether it arises centrally or peripherally. The present study was designed to analyze the effects of short-term fatigue on pinch force sense and the duration of these effects. During the fatigue protocol, twenty (10 men and 10 women; Mage = 22.0 years old) young Chinese participants were asked to squeeze maximally until the pinch grip force decreased to 50% of its maximal due to fatigue. Participants were instructed to produce the target force (10% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction) using the same hand before and after fatigue (immediately, 10, 30, 60, 180, 300 s). The results showed significantly higher absolute error immediately after fatigue (1.22 ± 1.06 N) than before fatigue (0.68 ± 0.34 N), and 60 s (0.76 ± 0.69 N), 180 s (0.67 ± 0.42 N), and 300 s (0.75 ± 0.37 N) after fatigue (all P < 0.05) but with no effect on the variable error (P > 0.05). It was also revealed that there was a significant overestimate of the constant error values before (0.32 ± 0.61 N) and immediately after fatigue (0.80 ± 1.38 N, all P < 0.05), while no significant overestimation or underestimation exceeded 300 s after fatigue (P > 0.05). Our study results revealed that short-term fatigue resulted in a significant decrease in force sense accuracy, but it did not affect force sense consistently; however, force sense accuracy recovered to a certain extent within 10 s and 30 s, whereas it recovered fully within 60 s, and force sense directivity improvement exceeded 300 s after fatigue. The present study shows that the sense of tension (peripherally) is also an important factor affecting force sense. Our study supports the view that the periphery is part of the origin of force sense.
Vermilion and cinnabar are involved in ommochrome pigment biosynthesis in eyes but not wings of Bicyclus anynana butterflies
Authors: How Shaun Hong Chuen , Banerjee Tirtha Das , Monteiro Antόnia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIf the same pigment is found in different tissues in a body, it is natural to assume that the same metabolic pathways are deployed similarly in each tissue. Here we show that this is not the case for ommochromes, the red and orange pigments found in the eyes and wings of butterflies. We tested the expression and function of vermilion and cinnabar, two known fly genes in the ommochrome pathway, in the development of pigments in the eyes and in the wings of Bicyclus anynana butterflies, both traits having reddish/orange pigments. By using fluorescent in-situ hybridization (HCR3.0) we localized the expression of vermilion and cinnabar in the cytoplasm of pigment cells in the ommatidia but observed no clear expression for either gene on larval and pupal wings. We then disrupted the function of both genes, using CRISPR-Cas9, which resulted in the loss of pigment in the eyes but not in the wings. Using thin-layer chromatography and UV–vis spectroscopy we identified the presence of ommochrome and ommochrome precursors in the orange wing scales and in the hemolymph of pupae. We conclude that the wings either synthesize ommochromes locally, with yet unidentified enzymes or incorporate these pigments synthesized elsewhere from the hemolymph. Different metabolic pathways or transport mechanisms, thus, lead to the presence of ommochromes in the wings and eyes of B. anynana butterflies.
GLP‑1 receptor agonist protects palmitate-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscle cells by up-regulating sestrin2 to promote autophagy
Authors: Tian Xue , Gao Yu , Kong Mowei , Zhao Lihua , Xing Enhong , Sun Qitian , He Jianqiu , Lu Yanan , Feng Zengbin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this study, we aimed to determine whether liraglutide could effectively reduce insulin resistance (IR) by regulating Sestrin2 (SESN2) expression in L6 rat skeletal muscle cells by examining its interactions with SESN2, autophagy, and IR. L6 cells were incubated with liraglutide (10–1000 nM) in the presence of palmitate (PA; 0.6 mM), and cell viability was detected using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. IR-related and autophagy-related proteins were detected using western blotting, and IR and autophagy-related genes were analyzed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Silencing SESN2 was used to inhibit the activities of SESN2. A reduction in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was observed in PA-treated L6 cells, confirming IR. Meanwhile, PA decreased the levels of GLUT4 and phosphorylation of Akt and affected SESN2 expression. Further investigation revealed that autophagic activity decreased following PA treatment, but that liraglutide reversed this PA-induced reduction in autophagic activity. Additionally, silencing SESN2 inhibited the ability of liraglutide to up-regulate the expression of IR-related proteins and activate autophagy signals. In summary, the data showed that liraglutide improved PA-induced IR in L6 myotubes by increasing autophagy mediated by SESN2.
Fractional magnetoresistance oscillations in spin-triplet superconducting rings
Authors: Halász Gábor B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHalf-quantum vortices in spin-triplet superconductors are predicted to host Majorana zero modes and may provide a viable platform for topological quantum computation. Recent works also suggested that, in thin mesoscopic rings, the superconducting pairing symmetry can be probed via Little-Parks-like magnetoresistance oscillations of periodicity Φ0 = h/2e that persist below the critical temperature. Here we use the London limit of Ginzburg-Landau theory to study these magnetoresistance oscillations resulting from thermal vortex tunneling in spin-triplet superconducting rings. For a range of temperatures in the presence of disorder, we find magnetoresistance oscillations with an emergent fractional periodicity Φ0/n, where the integer n ≥ 3 is entirely determined by the ratio of the spin and charge superfluid densities. These fractional oscillations can unambiguously confirm the spin-triplet nature of superconductivity and directly reveal the tunneling of half-quantum vortices in real-world candidate materials.
ANGPTL8 deletion attenuates abdominal aortic aneurysm formation in ApoE−/− mice
Authors: Yu Huahui , Jiao Xiaolu , Yang Yunyun , Lv Qianwen , Du Zhiyong , Li Linyi , Hu Chaowei , Du Yunhui , Zhang Jing , Li Fan , Sun Qiuju , Wang Yu , Chen Dong , Zhang Xiaoping , Qin Yanwen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Angiopoietin-like protein 8 (ANGPTL8) plays important roles in lipid metabolism, glucose metabolism, inflammation, and cell proliferation and migration. Clinical studies have indicated that circulating ANGPTL8 levels are increased in patients with thoracic aortic dissection (TAD). TAD shares several risk factors with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). However, the role of ANGPTL8 in AAA pathogenesis has never been investigated. Here, we investigated the effect of ANGPTL8 knockout on AAA in ApoE−/− mice. ApoE−/−ANGPTL8−/− mice were generated by crossing ANGPTL8−/− and ApoE−/− mice. AAA was induced in ApoE−/− using perfusion of angiotensin II (AngII). ANGPTL8 was significantly up-regulated in AAA tissues of human and experimental mice. Knockout of ANGPTL8 significantly reduced AngII-induced AAA formation, elastin breaks, aortic inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinase expression, and smooth muscle cell apoptosis in ApoE−/− mice. Similarly, ANGPTL8 sh-RNA significantly reduced AngII-induced AAA formation in ApoE−/− mice. ANGPTL8 deficiency inhibited AAA formation, and ANGPTL8 may therefore be a potential therapeutic target for AAA.
In-flight radiometric calibration of the Metis Visible Light channel using stars and comparison with STEREO-A/COR2 data
Authors: De Leo Y. , Burtovoi A. , Teriaca L. , Romoli M. , Chioetto P. , Andretta V. , Uslenghi M. , Landini F. , Susino R. , Pancrazzi M. , Frassati F. , Giarrusso M. , Giordano S. , Zangrilli L. , Spadaro D. , Abbo L. , Bemporad A. , Capobianco G. , Capuano G. E. , Casini C. , Casti M. , Corso A. J. , Da Deppo V. , Fabi M. , Fineschi S. , Frassetto F. , Grimani C. , Guglielmino S. L. , Heinzel P. , Jerse G. , Liberatore A. , Magli E. , Massone G. , Messerotti M. , Moses J. D. , Naletto G. , Nicolini G. , Pelizzo M. G. , Romano P. , Russano G. , Sasso C. , Schühle U. , Straus T. , Slemer A. , Stangalini M. , Telloni D. , Volpicelli C. A. , Zuppella P. 
Published: June 2023

Context.We present the results for the in-flight radiometric calibration performed for the Visible Light (VL) channel of the Metis coronagraph on board Solar Orbiter.Aims.The radiometric calibration is a fundamental step in building the official pipeline of the instrument, devoted to producing the calibrated data in physical units (L2 data).Methods.To obtain the radiometric calibration factor (ϵVL), we used stellar targets transiting the Metis field of view. We derivedϵVLby determining the signal of each calibration star by means of the aperture photometry and calculating its expected flux in the Metis band pass. The analyzed data set covers the time range from the beginning of the Cruise Phase of the mission (June 2020) until March 2021.Results.Considering the uncertainties, the estimated factorϵVLis in a good agreement with that obtained during the on-ground calibration campaign. This implies that up to March 2021 there was no measurable reduction in the VL channel throughput. Finally, we compared the total and polarized brightness visible light images of the solar corona acquired with Metis and STEREO-A/COR2 during the November 2020 superior conjunction of these instruments. A general good agreement was obtained between the images of these instruments for both the total and polarized brightness.
Γ-convergence and stochastic homogenisation of phase-transition functionals
Authors: Marziani Roberta 
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we study the asymptotics of singularly perturbed phase-transition functionals of the formℱk(u) = 1/εk∫Afk(𝑥,u,εk∇u)d𝑥,whereu∈ [0, 1] is a phase-field variable, εk> 0 a singular-perturbation parameteri.e., εk→ 0, ask→ +∞, and the integrandsfkare such that, for everyxand everyk,fk(x, ·, 0) is a double well potential with zeros at 0 and 1. We prove that the functionalsFkΓ-converge (up to subsequences) to a surface functional of the formℱ∞(u) = ∫Su∩Af∞(𝑥,𝜈u)dHn-1,whereu∈BV(A; {0, 1}) andf∞is characterised by the double limit of suitably scaled minimisation problems. Afterwards we extend our analysis to the setting of stochastic homogenisation and prove a Γ-convergence result forstationary randomintegrands.
Evaluation of the Influence of Build Orientation on the Surface Roughness and Flexural Strength of 3D-Printed Denture Base Resin and Its Comparison with CAD-CAM Milled Denture Base Resin
Authors: Alharethi Naji Ahmad 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine the surface roughness and flexural strength of a three-dimensional (3D)-printed denture base resin printed with two different build plate orientations and to compare them with a computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacture (CAD-CAM) milled denture base resin.
Materials and Methods Sixty-six specimens (n = 22/group) were prepared by 3D printing and CAD-CAM technology. The group A and B specimens were 3D-printed bar-shaped denture base specimens printed at 120-degree and 135-degree build orientation, respectively, whereas group C specimens were milled using a CAD-CAM technology. The surface roughness was assessed using a noncontact profilometer with a 0.01 mm resolution and the flexural strength was determined using a three-point bend test. The maximum load in Newtons (N) at fracture, the flexural stress (MPa), and strain (mm/mm) was also measured.
Statistical Analysis Data were analyzed by a statistical software package. One-way analysis of variance test was applied to determine whether significant differences existed among the study groups, followed by Bonferroni post-hoc test to determine which resin group significantly differed from the others in terms of flexural strength and surface roughness (p ≤ 0.05).
Results The flexural stress (MPa) of group C was 200% of group A and 166% of group B. The flexural modulus was 192% of group A and 161% of group B. In contrast, group A had the lowest mean value among the three groups for all the parameters. No significant difference was seen between group A and group B. The mean roughness values of the CAD-CAM denture base resin specimens (group C) were the least (127356 nm) among all the three groups. The mean surface roughness of the 3D-printed denture base specimens (group A) was 1,34,234 nm and that of group B was (1,45,931 nm); however, it was statistically nonsignificant (p > 0.05)
Conclusions The CAD-CAM resin displayed superior surface and mechanical properties compared to the 3D-printed resin. The two different build plate angles did not have any significant effect on the surface roughness of the 3D-printed denture base resin.
Plasma Cell Leukemia—Clinicopathological Profile from a Tertiary Care Center in Western India
Authors: Manimaran Poornima , Rai Varnika , Ranka Rahul , Sawhney Jyoti 
Published: June 2023

Introduction Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is very uncommon and aggressive neoplasm constituting 2 to 4% of all plasma cell dyscrasias. By definition, clonal plasma cells should make up 20% of peripheral blood or have an absolute plasma cell count of 2 × 109 cells/cu.mm. PCL can be primary or secondary. In this study, the clinicohematological features of PCL, and correlation of immunophenotypic profile and conventional therapies with overall survival was analyzed.
Materials and Methods This retrospective study involved PCL patients who were diagnosed across a 12-year period, from 2010 to 2021, at a tertiary care center in western India. Clinical, biochemical, peripheral smear, bone marrow aspirate, immunophenotyping, and molecular analysis were performed.
Results Total 39 PCL patients were included in the study among which 36 were primary PCL patients. Splenomegaly (10/27), hepatomegaly (6/26), and lymphadenopathy (5/23) were noted. At presentation, all patients had anemia (<11g/dL), thrombocytopenia (33/39), hypercalcemia (>11mg/dl) 10/33 (30.3%) and lytic lesions was noted in 18/26 (69.2%).Immunophenotype of these patients showed CD 38 positivity, CD 138 positivity, CD56 positivity, and CD 117 negativity were 100, 62, 41.6, and 89%, respectively. Overall survival of our patients was 4.1 months and overall survival of patients treated with VTD (bortezomib, thalidomide, dexamethasone) and VCD (bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, dexamethasone) regimen was 3.4 and 4.1 months, respectively, which was not statically significant (p-value 0.816). CD117 and CD56 markers were also not having any prognostic significance (p-value 1.000 and 0.873, respectively).
Conclusion Because of rarity of the disease, prospective studies are very limited and hence management and outcome of the disease are difficult to analyze. The current treatment protocols have no survival advantage and hence newer therapeutic approach is mandatory to attain better outcome.
Insider stories: analyzing internal sustainability efforts of major US companies from online reviews
Authors: Sen Indira , Quercia Daniele , Capra Licia , Montecchi Matteo , Šćepanović Sanja 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIt is hard to establish whether a company supports internal sustainability efforts (ISEs) like gender equality, diversity, and general staff welfare, not least because of a lack of methodologies operationalizing these internal sustainability practices, and of data honestly documenting such efforts. We developed and validated a six-dimension framework reflecting Internal Sustainability Efforts (ISEs), gathered more than 350K employee reviews of 104 major companies across the whole US for the (2008-2020) years, and developed a deep-learning framework scoring these reviews in terms of the six ISEs. Commitment to ISEs manifested itself at the micro-level—companies scoring high in ISEs enjoyed high stock growth. This new conceptualization of ISEs offers both theoretical implications for the literature on corporate sustainability and practical implications for companies and policy makers. To further explore these implications, researchers need to add potentially missing ISEs, to do so for more companies, and establish the causal relationship between company success and ISEs.