bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seismic stratigraphy of the southern Eratosthenes High, eastern Mediterranean Sea: growth, demise and deformation of three superposed carbonate platforms (Mesozoic–Cenozoic)
Authors: Burchette Trevor , Groves-Gidney Gavrielle , Karcz Kul 
Published: July 2023

Interpretation of seismic data over the southeastern flank of the Eratosthenes High shows nine principal seismic stratigraphic units overlying probable faulted basement. Among these are three superposed carbonate platforms that build a stratigraphy exceeding 3000 m. Regional comparisons suggest these range in age from Jurassic to Miocene.
The Jurassic carbonate platform exhibits a layered stratigraphy and aggradational deposition style over the whole study area. A Lower Cretaceous platform subsequently developed as a linear, aggrading bank and prograded as multiple high-frequency sequences for more than 40 km into the Eratosthenes High interior, isolating an intrashelf basin that remained connected to the Levant Basin by a narrow seaway. The Jurassic platform margin was a fault-controlled, scalloped escarpment, while the mid-Cretaceous platform was strongly influenced by linear, NW–SE-orientated, fault-controlled sags.
The Miocene platform, a shoaling, ‘catch-up’ neritic shelf, was established after a hiatus during which the flat top of the Cretaceous platform lay below the photic zone. The Miocene platform surface was subsequently incised by Messinian erosional channels that fed offlapping and downstepping regressive carbonate or evaporitic shorelines which tracked Messinian sea-level fall. Updoming and segmentation of the Eratosthenes High occurred during the early Messinian prior to the emplacement of Messinian salt onto its flanks.
Race-Based Differences in ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction Process Metrics and Mortality From 2015 Through 2021: An Analysis of 178 062 Patients From the American Heart Association Get With The Guidelines–Coronary Artery Disease Registry
Authors: Osho Asishana , Fernandes Marcelo F. , Poudel Ram , de Lemos James , Hong Haoyun , Zhao Juan , Li Shen , Thomas Kathie , Kikuchi Daniel S. , Zegre-Hemsey Jessica , Ibrahim Nasrien , Shah Nilay S. , Hollowell Lori , Tamis-Holland Jacqueline , Granger Christopher B. , Cohen Mauricio , Henry Timothy , Jacobs Alice K. , Jollis James G. , Yancy Clyde W. , Goyal Abhinav 
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND:
Systems of care have been developed across the United States to standardize care processes and improve outcomes in patients with ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The effect of contemporary STEMI systems of care on racial and ethnic disparities in achievement of time-to-treatment goals and mortality in STEMI is uncertain.

METHODS:
We analyzed 178 062 patients with STEMI (52 293 women and 125 769 men) enrolled in the American Heart Association Get With The Guidelines–Coronary Artery Disease registry between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2021. Patients were stratified into and outcomes compared among 3 racial and ethnic groups: non-Hispanic White, Hispanic White, and Black. The primary outcomes were the proportions of patients achieving the following STEMI process metrics: prehospital ECG obtained by emergency medical services; hospital arrival to ECG obtained within 10 minutes for patients not transported by emergency medical services; arrival-to–percutaneous coronary intervention time within 90 minutes; and first medical contact–to-device time within 90 minutes. A secondary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Analyses were performed separately in women and men, and all outcomes were adjusted for age, comorbidities, acuity of presentation, insurance status, and socioeconomic status measured by social vulnerability index based on patients’ county of residence.

RESULTS:
Compared with non-Hispanic White patients with STEMI, Hispanic White patients and Black patients had lower odds of receiving a prehospital ECG and achieving targets for door-to-ECG, door-to-device, and first medical contact–to-device times. These racial disparities in treatment goals were observed in both women and men, and persisted in most cases after multivariable adjustment. Compared with non-Hispanic White women, Hispanic White women had higher adjusted in-hospital mortality (odds ratio, 1.39 [95% CI, 1.12–1.72]), whereas Black women did not (odds ratio, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.74–1.03]). Compared with non-Hispanic White men, adjusted in-hospital mortality was similar in Hispanic White men (odds ratio, 0.99 [95% CI, 0.82–1.18]) and Black men (odds ratio, 0.96 [95% CI, 0.85–1.09]).

CONCLUSIONS:
Race- or ethnicity-based disparities persist in STEMI process metrics in both women and men, and mortality differences are observed in Hispanic White compared with non-Hispanic White women. Further research is essential to evolve systems of care to mitigate racial differences in STEMI outcomes.
Decadal Change in the Linkage between QBO and the Leading Mode of Southeast China Winter Precipitation
Authors: Zhang Ruhua , Zhou Wen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this study, observational and model datasets are used to analyze winter precipitation and its leading empirical orthogonal function (EOF1) mode over Southeast China. EOF1 displays a dominant monosign pattern during the last 60 years; however, its major impacting factors have a decadal transition near the mid-1990s. The first principal component (PC1) is related to El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) after the mid-1990s and to the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) before the mid-1990s. An enhanced ENSO–precipitation relationship is associated with stronger ENSO-induced tropical zonal circulation and the westward shift of ENSO-induced SST over the tropical Pacific after the mid-1990s compared to before the mid-1990s. Negative correlation coefficients between QBO and precipitation are evident before the mid-1990s but are no longer statistically significant after the mid-1990s. This change originates from the interaction between QBO’s subtropical influences and the Holton–Tan effect. The QBO’s subtropical influence and the Holton–Tan effect lead to a zonal pressure gradient and meridional wind anomalies over East Asia before the mid-1990s, which further influence the meridional transport of water vapor and precipitation over Southeast China. However, the Holton–Tan effect is enhanced after the mid-1990s. Downward stratospheric polar vortex signals and the QBO’s subtropical influence cause a meridional pressure gradient over East Asia, and thus the relevant moisture flux divergence lacks statistical significance. The above results indicate that the subtropical response to QBO and the Holton–Tan effect should be considered together when using the QBO signal to improve forecasts of winter precipitation over East Asia.

Significance Statement
Southeast China winter precipitation (SCWP) is often attributed to variation in lower-atmospheric dynamics and sea surface temperature, such as El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Few studies focus on the role of the mid- to upper atmosphere. In this study, we diagnose the influence of the stratospheric quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) on SCWP. Both observational and modeling analyses indicate a strong decadal change in the QBO–SCWP relationship, which limits the use of the QBO in seasonal forecasts of SCWP. This decadal change originates from the strength of the QBO’s modulation of the stratospheric polar vortex. Our results provide a new perspective on the use of the mid- to upper atmosphere in seasonal forecasts of SCWP.
Development and Validation of the System Trustworthiness Scale
Authors: Alarcon Gene M. , Capiola August , Lee Michael A. , Willis Sasha , Hamdan Izz Aldin , Jessup Sarah A. , Harris Krista N. 
Published: July 2023

Objective We created and validated a scale to measure perceptions of system trustworthiness. Background Several scales exist in the literature that attempt to assess trustworthiness of system referents. However, existing measures suffer from limitations in their development and validation. The current study sought to develop a scale based on theory and methodological rigor. Method We conducted exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses on data from two online studies to develop the System Trustworthiness Scale (STS). Additional analyses explored the manipulation of the factors and assessed convergent and divergent validity. Results The exploratory factor analyses resulted in a three-factor solution that represented the theoretical constructs of trustworthiness: performance, purpose, and process. Confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the three-factor solution. In addition, correlation and regression analyses demonstrated the scale’s divergent and predictive validity. Conclusion The STS is a psychometrically valid and predictive scale for assessing trustworthiness perceptions of system referents. Applications The STS assesses trustworthiness perceptions of systems. Importantly, the scale differentiates performance, purpose, and process constructs and is adaptable to a variety of system referents.
Successful use of Rectal Pregabalin for the Treatment of Chemotherapy-Induced Neuropathic Pain—a Case Report
Authors: Roch Carmen , Para Servet , Brandhofer Christine , Seitz Anna K. , Rémi Constanze , Berner Jennifer , van Oorschot Birgitt 
Published: July 2023

Introduction A 65-year-old female patient could no longer take oral food or medications due to a duodenal occlusion associated with metastatic urothelial carcinoma. Her pre-existing chemotherapy-induced polyneuropathy had been well treated with pregabalin orally. Methods Since only preparations for oral use of pregabalin are available, pregabalin suppositories were compounded by the hospital pharmacy for rectal use in this patient. Results With the rectal administration, the treatment was successfully continued; we measured a good increase in serum levels and the symptoms improved significantly. Discussion Cancer patients often need to be treated with co-analgesics. At the end of life, treatment often cannot be continued due to lack of other than oral administration. Our case adds to the low evidence of pregabalin administered rectally.
Correlation of the Critical Care Pain Observation Tool and Numeric Rating Scale in Intensive Care Unit Patients
Authors: Stollings Joanna L , Rumbaugh Kelli A , Wang Li , Hayhurst Christina J , Ely E Wesley , Hughes Christopher G 
Published: July 2023

Purpose We sought to determine the correlation between the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT) to determine whether clinical factors modified the relationship between NRS and CPOT assessments. Materials and Methods We included nonventilated adults admitted to the MICU or SICU who could self-report pain and had at least 3 paired NRS and CPOT assessments. We performed Spearman correlation to assess overall correlation and performed proportional odds logistic regression to evaluate whether the relationship between NRS and CPOT assessments was modified by clinical factors. Results Nursing staff performed NRS and CPOT assessments every 4 h in 1302 patients, leading to 61,142 matched assessments. We found that the NRS and CPOT have a Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.56 and an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.32 in intensive care unit patients. Factors that modified the relationship between the NRS and CPOT included the presence of delirium ( P < .001) and lower mean daily Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (<0.001). Conclusions The correlation coefficient between the NRS and the CPOT was found to be 0.56. The presence of delirium, decreased level of arousal, modified the relationship between the NRS and CPOT. Self-reported and behavioral pain assessments cannot be used interchangeably in critically ill adults.
Nonlinear effects of urbanization routes (proportion of small cities, and proportion of large cities) on environmental degradation, evidence from China, India, Indonesia, the United States, and Brazil
Authors: Ali Arshad , Xinagyu Guo , Radulescu Magdalena 
Published: July 2023

The dynamic stochastic effects regressions on population, affluence, and technology model used in this study reveals the nonlinear effects of urbanization routes on CO2 emissions in China, India, Indonesia, the United States, and Brazil during 1970–2020, using dynamic seemingly unrelated regression, dynamic ordinary least square, and fully modified ordinary least square techniques. The empirical analysis shows that urbanization and the proportion of small cities contribute significantly to CO2 emissions, while the square of urbanization and the square of the proportion of small cities significantly reduce CO2 emissions, thus supporting the inverted U-shaped relationship for the selected countries. However, the effect of the proportion of large cities significantly reduces CO2 emissions, while the square of the proportion of large cities significantly promotes CO2 emissions, supporting a U-shaped relationship for specific countries. Gross domestic product, industrial development, and transport infrastructure contribute significantly to carbon emissions, while renewable energy generation significantly reduces carbon emissions. The country-level augmented mean group estimator in the analysis supports an inverted U-shaped relationship between urbanization and carbon emissions and a U-shaped relationship between the proportion of large cities and carbon emissions in all selected countries. There is also an inverted U-shaped relationship between the proportion of small cities and carbon emissions in China, India, Indonesia, and Brazil. The causality test results acknowledge bidirectional causality between urbanization and carbon dioxide emissions; between urbanization squared and carbon dioxide emissions; between the proportion of the largest cities and carbon dioxide emissions, and between renewable energy and carbon dioxide emissions. This study recommends renewable energy options, green urban infrastructure, and digital technologies to improve the environmental quality of urban areas. [Formula: see text]
Executive Dysfunctions in Different Learning Disabilities: A Review
Authors: Khan Kaaynat , Lal Prerna 
Published: July 2023

Background: Executive functions (EFs) are a set of cognitive processes required to select and monitor behaviors that facilitate the achievement of desired goals. Many studies reported that students with learning disabilities appear to have impaired EFs and difficulties in performing school-related and daily activities. Methods: This review attempts to focus on identifying different components of executive functioning and its relationship with specific learning disabilities from the published literature. A search using 3 databases identified 37 relevant articles that met the inclusion criteria. Results: Many recent studies have found a relation between EFs with specific learning disabilities including meta-analysis and non-experimental comparative studies. Most of the studies were conducted among school children with reading, learning difficulties, and writing difficulties, university students with developmental dyscalculia and adults with or without dyslexia. Conclusion: Working memory is the key component affecting performances in children with learning disabilities whereas emotional control and metacognition skills such as organization of material, monitoring, planning, etc have a more specific role in different skills in performing the act of reading, writing, and mathematical operations. They may play a subdued role, but their involvement cannot be segregated because of the complex interplay between them.
Bicomponent melt spinning of polyamide 6/carbon nanotube/carbon black filaments: Investigation of effect of melt mass-flow rate on electrical conductivity
Authors: Kaplan Müslüm , Ortega Jeanette , Krooß Felix , Gries Thomas 
Published: July 2023

Combining the several mixed phase structures and property profiles with a conductive, high aspect ratios nanofiller such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, and carbon black, specific morphological structures in melt spinning can be reached that offer much more potential for developing new functional fibers. Thus, understanding and controlling filler localization inside the developing phase morphology during melt spinning are the keys to the necessary structures. This work aimed to offer the possibility of producing fibers from electrically conductive polymer composites with a high filler concentration. First, the influence of different commercially available nanofillers, such as multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), graphene and carbon black on Polyamide 6 (PA6)-based nanocomposite melt-spun fibers were examined. Following the lab-scale melt spinning experiments, PA6/MWCNT-CB nanocomposite filaments containing 10 wt% nanofiller (each 5 wt%), were chosen for a pilot-scale bicomponent melt spinning process to investigate the influence of the nanocomposite core material feeding parameters on the properties of melt-spun fibers. The electrical conductivity decreased by half (from 3.13E-02 to 6.72E-03) when melt flow rate was increased from 3 g/min to 6 g/min. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs and thermal gravimetric analysis thermograms showed that the change in MFR values significantly affected the nanocomposite filaments’ surface properties.
Timing of Exercise Among Young Adults Previously Enrolled in a Randomized Controlled Weight Management Trial: An Observational Study
Authors: Bailey Caitlin P. , Qian Jingyi , DiPietro Loretta , Napolitano Melissa A. 
Published: July 2023

This study examined self-reported exercise time of day and psychosocial/behavioral correlates in a cohort of young adults previously enrolled in a randomized controlled weight management trial. An online survey was distributed to participants of the trial 2 years after conclusion. Questions assessed physical activity (PA), PA self-efficacy, sleep parameters, and BMI. One item assessed exercise timing: “During the last 7 days, I tended to exercise in the…” Response options included: Early morning (04:00-08:59 am), Mid-morning (09:00-11:59 am), Afternoon (12:00-04:59 pm), Evening (05:00 pm-3:59 am), varied times, or no exercise. Differences in baseline or follow-up characteristics were examined across exercise time using Fisher’s Exact and Kruskal–Wallis tests. Of 107 participants contacted, 38 responded, and 31 provided eligible responses. Evening exercise was most frequently reported (N = 11), followed by varied times (N = 10), early morning (N = 4), mid-morning (N = 4), and afternoon (N = 2). PA self-efficacy was highest in evening exercisers (16.1 ± 2.6) compared with those exercising at other times ( P = .015). Moderate-to-vigorous PA was also highest in evening exercisers (265.0 ± 123.1 min/week) compared with those exercising at other times ( P = .035). Pending evidence from larger observational studies, evening may be a relatively popular time to exercise among young adults, and may be associated with greater PA self-efficacy and weekly PA.
Reduced bone mineral density in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: a case-control study
Authors: Tang Iris Yan Ki , Luk Lucas , Wong Victor , Pang Steve , Lao Virginia , So Ho 
Published: July 2023

Background: Patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are at risk of reduced bone mineral density (BMD). Objectives: To compare the prevalence of reduced BMD between patients with IIMs and controls and to determine its risk factors. Design: This was a single-center case-control study. Methods: BMD was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The prevalence of reduced BMD in IIM patients and age-and sex-matched non-rheumatological controls was compared. The BMD results of female IIM were also compared to age-matched female rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Independent factors associated with reduced BMD in IIM patients were identified by multivariate analyses. Results: A total of 230 patients (IIM: 65, non-rheumatological controls: 65, RA: 50, SLE: 50) were recruited. The mean age of IIM patients was 58.6 ± 11.0 years and 76.9% were females. Significantly, more IIM patients had reduced BMD (73.8% versus 43.1%, p = 0.043) and osteoporosis (29.2% versus 13.8%, p = 0.033) than non-rheumatological controls. Multivariate analysis confirmed that IIM was independently associated with reduced BMD (OR: 2.12, p = 0.048, 95% CI: 1.01–4.46). The prevalence of reduced BMD was not significantly different between IIM, RA, and SLE patients but the mean hip BMD was the lowest in the IIM group (0.641 ± 0.152 g/cm2 versus 0.663 ± 0.102g/cm2 in the RA group versus 0.708 ± 0.132 g/cm2 in the SLE group, p = 0.035). Lower body mass index and more advanced age were independently associated with lower BMD in IIM patients. Conclusion: Reduced BMD was more prevalent in IIM patients than in non-rheumatological controls. Hip BMD was lower in patients with IIMs than RA or SLE. Close monitoring and early treatment are encouraged especially in patients with risk factors.
Is Cervical Disc Arthroplasty an Effective Treatment for Cervical Degenerative Disease With Osteopenia?
Authors: He Junbo , Chen Hua , Wu Tingkui , Rong Xin , Ding Chen , Wang Beiyu , Liu Hao 
Published: July 2023

Study Design Retrospective case-control study. Objectives To evaluate postoperative outcomes of single-level cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) in patients with osteopenia and compare these results with a matched cohort of normal bone mineral density (BMD). Methods Patients who had undergone single-level CDA were collected and screened. Included patients were divided into the osteopenia group and the normal group. 38 eligible patients with osteopenia were included in the final analysis. Subsequently, a 1:1 match was utilized. Clinical, radiographic data, and complications were recorded. Appropriate statistical methods were applied to conduct analysis using SPSS version 24.0. Results The mean follow-up time was 30.5 ± 27.3 months. The osteopenia group achieved satisfactory clinical outcomes, with no significant intergroup differences. Additionally, there were no significant differences between groups in any of the radiological parameters, either in cervical alignment or segmental height, or range of motion. The radiological incidence rate of adjacent segmental degeneration and heterotopic ossification (HO) was comparable in both groups, respectively, with a similar composition of ROM-limiting HO. However, the osteopenia group had a tendency of more implant subsidence (2.7% vs 15.2%). The logistic regression analysis showed the osteopenia group had a significantly higher incidence rate of anterior bone loss (ABL) (OR = 5.37, 95% CI: 1.50 - 19.22). Conclusions Single-level CDA for patients with osteopenia achieved similar satisfactory clinical outcomes compared with the normal BMD group. Meanwhile, the osteopenia group maintained adequate sagittal balance and segmental height. Based on this observation, this option may be feasible for selected patients with osteopenia.