bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anxiety and depression in maintenance hemodialysis patients: prevalence and their effects on health-related quality of life
Authors: Nagy Eman , Tharwat Samar , Elsayed Abdelrahman Mohamed , Shabaka Shimaa Abd El-Galeel , Nassar Mohammed Kamal 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The aims of the study are to explore the prevalence and risk factors of anxiety and depression in hemodialysis (HD) patients and to study their relationship with quality of life (QOL).

Methods
This cross-sectional study involved 298 HD patients. Sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory data of the patients were obtained from their records. Anxiety and depression were assessed by utilizing Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). In addition, QOL of the patients were evaluated by fulfilling the Kidney Disease Quality of Life-36.

Results
This study included 298 HD patients (male 59.1%) with a median age of 49 years. Abnormal and borderline cases of anxiety were recognized in 49.6%, 26.2% of the patients, respectively, while depression cases and borderline cases were identified in 55 and 28.2% of the patients, respectively. Percentages of females (41 and 48% vs 26.4%, respectively), and patients who were not working (92.3 and 93.9% vs 72.2%, respectively) increased significantly in borderline and abnormal anxiety groups. Patients who did not work, led an inactive lifestyle, and smoked had considerably greater percentages in the borderline and abnormal HADS-depression categories than normal patients. Abnormal cases of depression and anxiety had significantly longer duration of HD than other two groups. Abnormal and borderline cases of anxiety and depression had worse QOL components than the normal patients.

Conclusion
Anxiety and depression are prevalent among HD patients in Egypt, and several sociodemographic and clinical risk factors are associated. In addition, these mental disorders are associated with poor QOL.
The number of valvular insufficiency is a strong predictor of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Wei Honglan , Liu Shufang , Tian Ming , Shang Weifeng , Li Hua , Wu Yang , Dong Junwu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To investigate the relationship between the number of valvular insufficiency (VI) and emergency hospitalization or mortality in maintenance hemodialysis (HD) patients.

Methods
The maintenance HD patients with cardiac ultrasonography were included. According to the number of VI ≥ 2 or not, the patients were divided into two groups. The difference of emergency hospitalized for acute heart failure, arrhythmia, acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or stroke, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality between the two groups were compared.

Results
Among 217 maintenance HD patients, 81.57% had VI. 121 (55.76%) patients had two or more VI, and 96 (44.24%) with one VI or not. The study subjects were followed up for a median of 47 (3–107) months. At the end of the follow up, 95 patients died (43.78%), of whom 47 (21.66%) patients died because of cardiovascular disease. Age (HR 1.033, 95% CI 1.007–1.061, P = 0.013), number of VI ≥ 2 (HR 2.035, 95% CI 1.083–3.821, P = 0.027) and albumin (HR 0.935, 95% CI 0.881–0.992, P = 0.027) were independent risk factors for cardiovascular mortality. The three parameters were also independent risk factors for all-cause mortality. The patients with number of VI ≥ 2 were more likely to be emergency hospitalized for acute heart failure (56 [46.28%] vs 11 [11.46%], P = 0.001). On the contrary, the number of VI was not associated with emergency hospitalized for arrhythmia, ACS or stroke. Survival analysis results showed that probability of survival was statistically different in the two groups (P < 0.05), no matter based on cardiovascular mortality or all-cause mortality. Based on age, number of VI ≥ 2 and albumin, nomogram models for 5-year cardiovascular and all-cause mortality were built.

Conclusions
In maintenance HD patients, the prevalence of VI is prominently high. The number of VI ≥ 2 is associated with emergency hospitalized for acute heart failure, cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Combining age, number of VI ≥ 2, and albumin can predict cardiovascular and all-cause mortality.
The Potential of Moringa oleifera Seed in Water Coagulation-Flocculation Technique to Reduce Water Turbidity
Authors: Rasheed Farouk Abdullah , Alkaradaghi Karwan , Al-Ansari Nadhir 
Published: April 2023

AbstractUsing a safe and easy-to-apply economic flocculant to replace alum is necessary to expand and enhance the water quality in rural regions where traditional water treatment is unavailable. The seed of Moringa oleifera is locally available in large volumes and is feasibly economical. A compatibility and applicability research of the easily accessible local Moringa oleifera seed extract (MOSE) was conducted to examine its potential utilization to lessen various degrees of water turbidity at 30 ± 2 °C. The study concerns the optimum dosage of MOSE to give high turbidity removal efficiency in the water. Experiments were carried out for nine turbidity samples: 5, 10, 15, 30, 50, 70, 100, 200, and 300 NTU. The turbidity removal efficiency of up to 89% was achieved for high initial turbid water 300 NTU. However, for low turbid water, its potential efficiency declined. The results demonstrate that the de-oiled extract is substantially more efficient than the crude extract in agglomerating colloidal particles of low initial turbidity samples and achieved up to 76% removal rate. The results of the ANOVA confirmed that the regression model was significant at (p < 0.05) for residual turbidity after the treatment process. The study also demonstrates that a pseudo-first-order kinetic model matched well the nature of the removal of colloidal particles with MOSE in water to form flocs. The study also indicates that the characteristics of water treated with crude MOSE produce little change in electrical conductivity and salinity. However, the hardness and alkalinity of water decreased significantly depending on the initial hardness and the amount of MOSE applied (p < 0.05).
Automated and data-driven plate computation for presurgical cleft lip and palate treatment
Authors: Schnabel Till N. , Gözcü Baran , Gotardo Paulo , Lingens Lasse , Dorda Daniel , Vetterli Frawa , Emhemmed Ashraf , Nalabothu Prasad , Lill Yoriko , Benitez Benito K. , Mueller Andreas A. , Gross Markus , Solenthaler Barbara 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Presurgical orthopedic plates are widely used for the treatment of cleft lip and palate, which is the most common craniofacial birth defect. For the traditional plate fabrication, an impression is taken under airway-endangering conditions, which recent digital alternatives overcome via intraoral scanners. However, these alternatives demand proficiency in 3D modeling software in addition to the generally required clinical knowledge of plate design.

Methods
We address these limitations with a data-driven and fully automated digital pipeline, endowed with a graphical user interface. The pipeline adopts a deep learning model to landmark raw intraoral scans of arbitrary mesh topology and orientation, which guides the nonrigid surface registration subsequently employed to segment the scans. The plates that are individually fit to these segmented scans are 3D-printable and offer optional customization.

Results
With the distance to the alveolar ridges closely centered around the targeted 0.1 mm, our pipeline computes tightly fitting plates in less than 3 min. The plates were approved in 12 out of 12 cases by two cleft care professionals in a printed-model-based evaluation. Moreover, since the pipeline was implemented in clinical routine in two hospitals, 19 patients have been undergoing treatment utilizing our automated designs.

Conclusion
The results demonstrate that our automated pipeline meets the high precision requirements of the medical setting employed in cleft lip and palate care while substantially reducing the design time and required clinical expertise, which could facilitate access to this presurgical treatment, especially in low-income countries.
Embedding animals within a definition of sustainability
Authors: Drury Matt , Fuller Janet , Hoeks John 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCurrent definitions of sustainability and sustainable development are problematic. They reinforce the dominant capitalist paradigm of economic growth as a goal—a system which has contributed in no uncertain terms to the current state of the planet—and they exclude animals as moral entities. We propose that sustainability is primarily an ethical issue which connects people, the planet on which we live, and the animals and other organisms which inhabit it. Our definition of sustainability states that in all decisions and actions on any scale, from the individual to the institutional, we should minimise our immediate and future negative impact on humans, other animals, and the planet, while simultaneously maximising our positive impacts on these domains. We take an interdisciplinary approach in discussing trade-offs between these three broad interests, providing a rationale for adopting this more inclusive definition at every level of society. Our definition calls for a normative shift in discussions around sustainability, one of which is more inclusive of the animals and other organisms with which we share the planet. We believe that the paper forms a strong and coherent foundation for policy and communication about sustainability going forward.
From landslide characterization to nature reserve management: The “Scialimata Grande di Torre Alfina” landslide Geosite (Central Apennines, Italy)
Authors: Tronti Gianluca , Vergari Francesca , Bollati Irene Maria , Belisario Filippo , Del Monte Maurizio , Pelfini Manuela , Fredi Paola 
Published: April 2023

AbstractItaly is characterized by widespread geomorphological instability, among which landslides leave impressive marks on the landscape. Nevertheless, landslide bodies may represent key sites for thematic and educational itineraries, especially in protected areas, where their management becomes an important issue. Our study focuses on the “Monte Rufeno Nature Reserve” (Central Apennines, Italy), where iconic landslides are present. Here, the “Scialimata Grande di Torre Alfina” landslide (SGTA) is listed in the regional Geosite database. This work aims to propose a multiscale procedure for landslide analysis, in terms of both hazard sources but also educational and geoheritage enhancement opportunities in natural reserves. After performing a Landslide Susceptibility conditional Analysis (LSA) for the reserve territory, attention was focused on the SGTA, to define properly its features and morphodynamics. A multi-disciplinary approach was adopted, by applying both remote sensing (UAV structure from motion, Photointerpretation) and field survey (geomorphological and GPS monitoring). From the LSA, based on drainage density, curvature, and slope triggering factors, the road and trail susceptibility maps were derived, as base tools for future risk assessments and trail paths management within the reserve. At the SGTA scale, the monitoring showed a displacement of up to 23 m during the time interval between 2015 and 2018. The landslide dynamics seem to be driven by alternating dry and extremely wet periods; moreover, leaks from the aqueduct in the detachment area and piping effects through clays may have also decreased the substrate cohesion. The SGTA complex influence on the Paglia River valley geometry was also hypothesized, underlining the action of landslide through different spatial scales (on-site and off-site) and on different environment features (sediment connectivity, hydrology). Finally, the SGTA appears highly representative of the geomorphic dynamics within the Nature Reserve (i.e., scientific value) and it could be classified as an active geosite. Since the site was featured by a tourist trail, adequate management strategies must be adopted, considering the educational value and safety issues.
Offline Pre-trained Multi-agent Decision Transformer
Authors: Meng Linghui , Wen Muning , Le Chenyang , Li Xiyun , Xing Dengpeng , Zhang Weinan , Wen Ying , Zhang Haifeng , Wang Jun , Yang Yaodong , Xu Bo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOffline reinforcement learning leverages previously collected offline datasets to learn optimal policies with no necessity to access the real environment. Such a paradigm is also desirable for multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) tasks, given the combinatorially increased interactions among agents and with the environment. However, in MARL, the paradigm of offline pre-training with online fine-tuning has not been studied, nor even datasets or benchmarks for offline MARL research are available. In this paper, we facilitate the research by providing large-scale datasets and using them to examine the usage of the decision transformer in the context of MARL. We investigate the generalization of MARL offline pre-training in the following three aspects: 1) between single agents and multiple agents, 2) from offline pretraining to online fine tuning, and 3) to that of multiple downstream tasks with few-shot and zero-shot capabilities. We start by introducing the first offline MARL dataset with diverse quality levels based on the StarCraftII environment, and then propose the novel architecture of multi-agent decision transformer (MADT) for effective offline learning. MADT leverages the transformer’s modelling ability for sequence modelling and integrates it seamlessly with both offline and online MARL tasks. A significant benefit of MADT is that it learns generalizable policies that can transfer between different types of agents under different task scenarios. On the StarCraft II offline dataset, MADT outperforms the state-of-the-art offline reinforcement learning (RL) baselines, including BCQ and CQL. When applied to online tasks, the pre-trained MADT significantly improves sample efficiency and enjoys strong performance in both few-short and zero-shot cases. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that studies and demonstrates the effectiveness of offline pre-trained models in terms of sample efficiency and generalizability enhancements for MARL.
The Latest Option: Nivolumab and Relatlimab in Advanced Melanoma
Authors: Albrecht Lea Jessica , Livingstone Elisabeth , Zimmer Lisa , Schadendorf Dirk 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Dual immune checkpoint inhibition with ipilimumab plus nivolumab is currently the most effective, but also by far the most toxic treatment for advanced melanoma. Therefore, other combination partners that also lead to high and long-lasting responses but cause fewer adverse events were explored.

Recent Findings
Relatlimab, a LAG-3 blocking antibody, was investigated in combination with nivolumab in a phase 2/3 randomized double-blind trial (RELATIVITY-047) and could demonstrate significantly improved progression-free survival in treatment-naive advanced melanoma patients compared with nivolumab monotherapy. While the safety profile is more favorable than that of ipilimumab plus nivolumab, no significant survival benefit has yet been demonstrated with the new combination over nivolumab monotherapy.

Summary
The approval of relatlimab plus nivolumab by both the Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency expands the arsenal of treatment options for melanoma but raises new questions in clinical practice and a re-evaluation of currently established treatment standards and sequences.
Flavour Stability of a Cold-Stored Unpasteurized Low-Alcohol Beer Produced by Saccharomycodes ludwigii
Authors: Sileoni Valeria , Maranghi Stefano , De Francesco Giovanni , Perretti Giuseppe , Marconi Ombretta 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLow-alcohol beer (LAB) is a growing part of the brewing industry in terms of market volumes and consumer interest. Universities and research centres are making efforts to improve organoleptic profile and flavour stability of the product. One of the main limitations of such products is the stability. These beers must be severely filtered and pasteurized, causing a significant loss of quality in terms of flavour. Herein, flavour stability of an unpasteurized and unfiltered LAB was checked during 120 days of cold storage (4 ± 1 °C). The results showed that the beer remained stable for 120 days for many observed parameters. The alcohol content increased from 0.5 to 0.7% v/v. The beer without oxygen was more stable than that filled with oxygen in the headspace. The results confirmed the possibility to produce an unpasteurized craft LAB by Saccharomycodes ludwigii by the cold chain.
Graphical Abstract
Gut microbiota regulates circadian oscillation in hepatic ischemia–reperfusion injury-induced cognitive impairment by interfering with hippocampal lipid metabolism in mice
Authors: He Zhigang , Liu Yanbo , Li Zhen , Sun Tianning , Li Zhixiao , Manyande Anne , Xiang Hongbing , Xiong Jun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Hepatic ischemia–reperfusion injury (HIRI) is a common complication of liver surgery, which can lead to extrahepatic metabolic disorders, such as cognitive impairment. Recent observations have emphasized the critical effects of gut microbial metabolites in regulating the development of liver injury. Herein, we investigated the potential contribution of gut microbiota to HIRI-related cognitive impairment.

Methods
HIRI murine models were established by ischemia–reperfusion surgery in the morning (ZT0, 08:00) and evening (ZT12, 20:00), respectively. Antibiotic-induced pseudo-germ-free mice were gavaged with fecal bacteria of the HIRI models. Behavioral test was used to assess cognitive function. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metabolomics were used for microbial and hippocampal analysis.

Results
Our results established that cognitive impairment caused by HIRI underwent diurnal oscillations; HIRI mice performed poorly on the Y-maze test and the novel object preference test when surgery occurred in the evening compared with the morning. In addition, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from the ZT12-HIRI was demonstrated to induce cognitive impairment behavior. The specific composition and metabolites of gut microbiota were analyzed between the ZT0-HIRI and ZT12-HIRI, and bioinformatic analysis showed that the differential fecal metabolites were significantly enriched in lipid metabolism pathways. After FMT, the hippocampal lipid metabolome between the P-ZT0-HIRI and P-ZT12-HIRI groups was analyzed to reveal a series of lipid molecules with significant differences.

Conclusions
Our findings indicate that gut microbiota are involved in circadian differences of HIRI-related cognitive impairment by affecting hippocampal lipid metabolism.

Graphical abstract
Increased adolescent game usage and health-related risk behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kim Young-Jae , Lee Chan Sol , Kang Seung-Woo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study examines adolescent game usage and corresponding health-related risk behaviors during a period of limited social interaction and activity due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants included 225 middle- and 225 high-school students in Seoul who completed a survey online from October 1 to 30, 2021. The study measured participants’ game usage level and the health-related risk behavior index. Findings showed that participants who engaged in excessive gaming showed higher levels of health-related risk behaviors. A multivariate analysis of variance was conducted to compare the health-related risk behaviors of students in the general, potential, and high-risk groups on excessive gaming. Results indicated that female students in the high-risk group showed higher stress levels and fatigue (f = 5.549, p < .01, Cohen’s d = 0.016) than the males of the same group. However, male students showed higher physical inactivity levels (f = 3.195, p > .05, Cohen’s d = 0.009) than females. The post hoc test indicated clear sex distinctions among the general, potential, and high-risk groups on excessive gaming (p < .001). Among the high-risk game usage group, female students displayed a higher level of risk behaviors than males. Adolescent gaming addiction should be considered an emotional and behavioral disorder for which parental guidance and support are needed, and counseling experts and professionals must come together to provide a cure and reform program.
Real-time monitoring of solar energetic particles outside the ISS with the AMS-02 instrument
Authors: Faldi Francesco , Bertucci Bruna , Tomassetti Nicola , Vagelli Valerio 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSpace human activities in the International Space Station (ISS) are always ongoing. The atmosphere and geomagnetic field in this environment only offer partial protection from radiation. Considering the whole energetic spectrum of cosmic rays (CR), the highest energy particles are the most dangerous, but the rarest: on the other hand, sporadic solar emissions of plasma, in the low end of the energetic spectrum, inject an intense and dangerous flux of charged particles called Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs) in the Sun-Earth environment. The experiment Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS-02) operates on the ISS since 2011, performing precision measurements of cosmic ray composition and flux. In this study we aim to verify if the low latency information provided by AMS-02 could be used to perform SEP and solar activity real-time monitoring in the ISS external environment. An algorithm has been developed to identify sudden increases in the AMS-02 trigger rate with respect to the quiet conditions, demonstrating the potency of AMS-02 low-latency data for this real-time application.
Adjuvant olaparib in the subset of patients from Japan with BRCA1- or BRCA2-mutated high-risk early breast cancer from the phase 3 OlympiA trial
Authors: Yamauchi Hideko , Toi Masakazu , Takayama Shin , Nakamura Seigo , Takano Toshimi , Cui Karen , Campbell Christine , De Vos Liesbet , Geyer Charles , Tutt Andrew 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The efficacy and safety of olaparib compared with placebo in the subset of patients from Japan in the phase 3 OlympiA trial (NCT02032823) are reported here and contextualized with reference to the global OlympiA population.

Methods
Patients with germline BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 pathogenic variants and HER2-negative, high-risk early breast cancer who had received neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy and completed local treatment were eligible. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive olaparib or placebo for 1 year. Primary endpoint: invasive disease-free survival (IDFS). Secondary endpoints: distant disease-free survival (DDFS), overall survival (OS), and safety. Data are reported from the first pre-specified interim analysis (data cut-off [DCO] March 27, 2020) and the second, event driven, pre-specified interim analysis of OS (DCO July 12, 2021) in patients from Japan.

Results
140 patients were randomized in Japan (olaparib, n = 64; placebo, n = 76). At the first pre-specified interim analysis (median follow-up: 2.9 years), hazard ratios (HRs) for adjuvant olaparib compared with placebo were 0.5 for IDFS (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.18–1.24) and 0.41 for DDFS (95% CI 0.11–1.16). At the second pre-specified interim analysis of OS, three deaths occurred in the olaparib group versus six deaths in the placebo group (HR, 0.62 [95% CI 0.13–2.36]). Findings were consistent with those for the global population. No new safety signals were observed.

Conclusions
While this analysis in a Japanese subset of patients was not powered to detect population-related treatment differences, efficacy and safety analysis results were consistent with the global OlympiA population, suggesting the findings from the global study are generalizable to clinical practice in Japan.