bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Study of Certain Sharp Poincaré Constants as Set Functions of Their Domain
Authors: Bevan J. J. , Deane J. H. B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFor bounded, convex sets $$\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^d$$

Ω
⊂

R

d

, the sharp Poincaré constant $$C(\Omega )$$

C
(
Ω
)

, which appears in $$||f-\bar{f}_{_{\Omega }}||_{L^{\infty }(\Omega )} \le C(\Omega )||\nabla f||_{L^{\infty }(\Omega )}$$

|
|
f

-

f

¯

Ω

|
|

L
∞

(
Ω
)

≤

C

(
Ω
)

|
|
∇
f
|
|

L
∞

(
Ω
)

, is given by $$C(\Omega )=\max _{_{\partial \Omega }}\zeta $$

C

(
Ω
)

=

max

∂
Ω

ζ

for a specific convex function $$\zeta $$
ζ
[Bevan et al. in Proc Am Math Soc 151:1071–1085, 2023 (Theorem 1.1)]. We study $$C(\cdot )$$

C
(
·
)

as a function on convex sets, in particular on polyhedra, and find that while a geometric characterization of $$C(\Omega )$$

C
(
Ω
)

for triangles is possible, for other polyhedra the problem of ordering $$\zeta (V_i)$$

ζ
(

V
i

)

, where $$V_i$$

V
i

are the vertices of $$\Omega $$
Ω
, can be formidable. In these cases, we develop estimates of $$C(\Omega )$$

C
(
Ω
)

from above and below in terms of more tractable quantities. We find, for example, that a good proxy for C(Q) when Q is a planar polygon with vertices $$V_i$$

V
i

and centroid $$\gamma (Q)$$

γ
(
Q
)

is the quantity $$D(Q)=\max _{i}|V_i-\gamma (Q)|$$

D

(
Q
)

=

max
i

|

V
i

-
γ

(
Q
)

|

, with an error of up to $$\sim 8\%$$

∼
8
%

. A numerical study suggests that a similar statement holds for k-gons, this time with a maximal error across all k-gons of $$\sim 13\%$$

∼
13
%

. We explore the question of whether there is, for each $$\Omega $$
Ω
, at least one point M capable of ordering the $$\zeta (V_i)$$

ζ
(

V
i

)

according to the ordering of the $$|V_i-M|$$

|

V
i

-
M
|

. For triangles, M always exists; for quadrilaterals, M seems always to exist; for 5-gons and beyond, they seem not to.
PSMA PET imaging in the diagnosis and management of prostate cancer
Authors: Houshmand Sina , Lawhn-Heath Courtney , Behr Spencer 
Published: July 2023

AbstractProstate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men in the United States. Imaging techniques such as CT, MRI, and bone scans have traditionally been used for diagnosis and staging. Molecular imaging modalities targeting the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) have recently gained attention due to their high affinity and accuracy. PSMA PET has been combined with other modalities such as multiparametric MRI for better diagnostic and prognostic performance. PSMA imaging has been studied at different clinical settings with a wide range of disease aggressiveness. In this review we will explore the role of PSMA PET in high-risk prostate cancer staging, biochemical recurrence, and castration-resistant prostate cancer. The primary focus of this review article is to examine the latest developments in the use of PSMA imaging and emphasize the clinical situations where its effectiveness has been demonstrated to significantly impact the treatment of prostate cancer. In addition, we will touch upon the potential future advancements of PSMA PET imaging and its evolving significance in the management of prostate cancer.
Graphical abstract
Population structure, mate choice, and genome transmission in naturally formed pairs in a Pelophylax lessonae–Pelophylax esculentus hybridogenetic system
Authors: Skierska Katarzyna , Lagner Aneta , Rozenblut-Kościsty Beata , Kosiba Piotr , Kolenda Krzysztof , Ogielska Maria 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Central European water frog Pelophylax esculentus is a hybrid that lives sympatrically and forms genetic systems with one of its parental species, in this case L-E (P. lessonae - P. esculentus). Hybrids are restored in each generation due to hybridogenesis, a unique mode of hemiclonal reproduction. We investigated changes in the species composition, mate choice, and genome transmission in naturally formed pairs in the L-E hybridogenetic system from the Raków fish pond complex (SW Poland). Our observations showed that the genetic system remained the same for over a decade but the share of the taxa and the sex ratios within the species changed. The frequency of P. lessonae decreased by about 20% in favor of P. esculentus. The proportion of males to females of P. lessonae increased twofold and of P. esculentus fourfold. We also found that the stability of the L-E population was ensured by a specific female mate choice pattern with the dominance of homotypic P. lessonae and heterotypic ♀P. esculentus × ♂P. lessonae pairs (almost 90% of the pairs collected from nature). The youngest females and males that formed a successful amplexus were 3 years old. We noted a male-male competition manifested by the exclusion of young males (before the third hibernation) from the participation in the mating. An analysis of genome transmission to gametes revealed that females P. lessonae transmitted Lx, while P. esculentus transmitted the Rx and/or Lx genomes. Males of P. lessonae transmitted the Lx or Ly genomes, while P. esculentus transmitted the Lx, Ly, and/or Rx genomes. The high proportion of the L genomes transferred to gametes enables both the restoration of the parental species P. lessonae and the regular renewal of a new generation of hybrids.

Significance statement
Central European water frog complex includes two species: Pelophylax ridibundus (genotype RR) and P. lessonae (LL), and their natural hybrid, P. esculentus (RL). Hybrid individuals of both sexes reproduce due to a specific mode of reproduction, i.e., hybridogenesis, in which hybrids eliminate one of the parental genomes (R or L) from the germ line prior to meiosis and transmit the other one (not recombined, i.e., clonal) to the gametes. The hybrids live in mixed populations with one of the parental species and are restored in each generation. This, in turn, allows a kind of balance to be maintained in a population due to specific mate choice and genome transmission. Our research showed that the stability of the studied population was ensured by female preference to P. lessonae and male-male competition manifested by the exclusion of males under 3 years of age from the participation in the mating.
Bindehauttumoren bei Kindern
Authors: Nüßle Simone , Glegola Mateusz , Schulz Tabea , Lagrèze Wolf , Reinhard Thomas , Auw-Hädrich Claudia 
Published: July 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Das Spektrum der Bindehauttumoren von Kindern und Jugendlichen unterscheidet sich deutlich von dem der Erwachsenen. Ziel der Arbeit ist es, die Verteilung histopathologischer Diagnosen von kindlichen Bindehauttumoren aufzuzeigen.

Material und Methoden
Retrospektive Fallserie über alle Bindehauttumoren von Kindern und Jugendlichen unter 18 Jahren, die über einen Zeitraum von 25 Jahren (1990–2015) in der Klinik für Augenheilkunde in Freiburg histologisch untersucht wurden.

Ergebnisse
Unter den 262 Bindehautpräparaten waren die häufigsten Diagnosen Bindehautnävi (148 [56 %]), am häufigsten mit junktionaler Aktivität (106/148 [72 %]), pyogene Granulome (26 [10 %]), und Dermolipome (18 [7 %]). In einem Fall wurde ein maligner Tumor, ein Bindehautmelanom nachgewiesen (1 [< 1 %]).

Schlussfolgerung
Unsere Ergebnisse lassen darauf schließen, dass kindliche Bindehauttumoren in den meisten Fällen benigne sind. Die meisten davon waren melanozytären Ursprungs, wobei Bindehautnävi mit junktionaler Aktivität die häufigste Diagnose darstellten.
Outcomes of a state-wide salt reduction initiative in adults living in Victoria, Australia
Authors: Bolton Kristy A. , Santos Joseph Alvin , Rosewarne Emalie , Trieu Kathy , Reimers Jenny , Nowson Caryl , Neal Bruce , Webster Jacqui , Woodward Mark , Dunford Elizabeth , Armstrong Sian , Bolam Bruce , Grimes Carley 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposeTo assess any effects of a state-wide sodium reduction intervention on sodium intake, sources of dietary sodium and discretionary salt use at a population level.MethodsData (24-h urinary sodium excretion, self-report survey, a 24-h dietary recall) were collected cross-sectionally at baseline (2016/2017) and follow-up (2020) from adults in Victoria, Australia. Intervention activities included consumer awareness advertising campaign, public debate generation via mass media, strengthening existing policy initiatives and supporting food innovation with industry.ResultsThere were 339 participants at baseline and 211 at follow-up, with 144 and 90 of participants completing a 24-h dietary recall, respectively. There was no difference in adjusted 24-h urinary sodium excretion between baseline and follow-up (134 vs 131 mmol/24 h;p = 0.260). There were no differences in the percentage of participants adding salt during cooking (63% vs 68%;p = 0.244), adding salt at the table (34% vs 37%;p = 0.400) or regularly taking action to control salt/sodium intake (22% vs 21%;p = 0.793). There were large differences in the quantity of dietary sodium sourced from retail stores (57% vs 77%,p < 0.001), and less sodium was sourced from foods at fresh food markets (13% vs 2%;p ≤ 0.001) at follow-up. No large differences were apparent for foods with different levels of processing or for food groups.ConclusionThere was no clear population-level effect of the 4-year multi-component Victorian Salt Reduction Intervention on sodium intake with Victorian adults continuing to consume sodium above recommended levels. The findings indicate that more intensive and sustained efforts aiming at the retail and food industry with national level support are likely to be required to achieve a measurable improvement in sodium intake at a state level.
The heterocellular heart: identities, interactions, and implications for cardiology
Authors: Lother Achim , Kohl Peter 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe heterocellular nature of the heart has been receiving increasing attention in recent years. In addition to cardiomyocytes as the prototypical cell type of the heart, non-myocytes such as endothelial cells, fibroblasts, or immune cells are coming more into focus. The rise of single-cell sequencing technologies enables identification of ever more subtle differences and has reignited the question of what defines a cell’s identity. Here we provide an overview of the major cardiac cell types, describe their roles in homeostasis, and outline recent findings on non-canonical functions that may be of relevance for cardiology. We highlight modes of biochemical and biophysical interactions between different cardiac cell types and discuss the potential implications of the heterocellular nature of the heart for basic research and therapeutic interventions.
Coblator adenoidectomy in pediatric patients: a state-of-the-art review
Authors: Calvo-Henriquez Christian , RuedaFernandez-Rueda María , Garcia-Lliberos Ainhoa , Maldonado-Alvarado Byron , Mota-Rojas Xenia , Maniaci Antonino , Iannella Giannicola , Jimenez-Huerta Ignacio 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Adenoid hypertrophy is one of the main causes of nasal obstruction in ‘children. Adenoid hypertrophy can be approached either with nasal corticosteroids, or surgically when medical treatment fails. Different adenoidectomy techniques have been proposed to reduce morbidity and surgical risks, with a consequent marked increase in the use of new surgical procedures in recent years, with a progressive increase in the use of coblation. This state-of-the-art review aims to systematically review the current literature on the role of coblation in adenoidectomy.

Methods
The selection criteria included children submitted to adenoidectomy with coblator vs other techniques. 11 research questions were defined. 4 databases were explored by four authors: PubMed (Medline), the Cochrane Library, EMBASE and SciELO. The level of evidence and quality of the selected articles were assessed according to assessed according to the Quality Assessment Checklist of the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence.

Results
20 studies met the inclusion criteria: 2 metanalysis, 12 randomized clinical trial, 2 non-randomized clinical trial, 1 prospective cohort study, and 3 retrospective cohort study. It encompassed a total population of 8375 participants. Regarding the different surgical techniques, 18 studies (excluding metanalysis) performed coblation (n = 1550), 6 microdebridement (n = 883), 15 curettage (n = 4016), and 1 suction coagulation (n = 1926).

Conclusion
Coblator adenoidectomy appears to offer better adenoid control compared to curettage, with a possible, although not confirmed lower rate of revision surgery. Similarly, this greater resection of adenoid tissue seems to be related to a greater reduction of nasal obstruction. The advantages of this technique are mainly less surgical bleeding—although it is not clear this is a clinically relevant difference, and less postoperative pain compared to cold curettage. The difference in pain is small, as adenoidectomy is not a painful surgery in general. There is little evidence on the control of OME and comparison with other techniques such as microdebrider adenoidectomy.
Individual surveillance by competing risk model for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma occurrence in all-cause cirrhosis
Authors: Wang Qi , Guo Dandan , Gao Wenfeng , Yuan Chunwang , Li Jianjun , Zhang Yinghua , He Ning , Zhao Peng , Zheng Jiasheng , Zhang Yonghong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
It was of great significance to identify someone with a high risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurrence and make a diagnosis as early as possible. Therefore, we aimed to develop and validate a new, objective, and accurate prediction model, and convert it into a nomogram to make a personalized prediction of cancer occurrence in cirrhotic patients with different etiologies.

Methods
The present study included 938 patients with cirrhosis from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2012. Patients were prospectively followed-up until January 1, 2018. We used a competing risk model and the Fine–Gray test to develop and validate the prediction model and to plot a nomogram based on the model established.

Results
At the end of follow-up, 202 (21.5%) patients developed HCC, with a 5-year incidence of 19.0% (corrected for competing risk model). Based on the competing risk regression method, we built a prediction model including age, gender, etiology, lymphocyte, and A/G ratio. Three groups with different risks were generated on account of tertiles of the 5-year risk predicted by the model. The cumulative 1-, 3-, and 5-year incidences of HCC were 2.0%, 20.8%, and 42.3% in high-risk group, 0.9%, 10.1%, and 17.7% in medium-risk group, and 0%, 2.0%, 8.5% in low-risk group (P < 0.001). The model showed excellent discrimination and calibration in predicting the risk of HCC occurrence in patients with all-cause cirrhosis.

Conclusion
The model could make an individual prediction of cancer occurrence and stratify patients based on predicted risk, regardless of the causes of cirrhosis.
Pioglitazone, a PPAR-y agonist, as one of the new therapeutic candidates for C3 glomerulopathy
Authors: Balestra Elia , Barbi Egidio , Ceconi Viola , Di Maso Vittorio , Conversano Ester , Pennesi Marco 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
C3-glomerulopathy (C3G) is a rare pediatric kidney disease characterised by dysregulation of the alternative complement pathway, with glomerular deposition of C3. C3G may often present as a steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS), and there is no established effective therapy: the usual treatment involves corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs. Pioglitazone, a PPAR-γ agonist with a protective action on podocytes, was reported in a few cases as helpful in reducing proteinuria when combined with steroids.

Case-Diagnosis/Treatment
We report the case of a 13-year-old girl with silent past medical history who presented with SRNS. A kidney biopsy showed findings indicative of C3G. A low sodium diet and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor were started; immunosuppressive treatment with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) was administered due to the cortico-resistance. Because of poor response to the immunosuppressant, a trial with eculizumab was attempted without significant response and persistence of proteinuria in the nephrotic range. A further therapeutic trial was performed with tacrolimus with no disease remission. Due to a severe deterioration in her condition, the girl was hospitalized and treated with high-dose steroid bolus. A daily dose of oral prednisone and MMF were re-started without benefit with persistent levels of nephrotic range proteinuria. The administration of pioglitazone consistently lowered proteinuria levels for the first time since the onset of the disease, with a maintenance of the effect and normalization (< 0.15 g/24 h) at the 10-month follow-up.

Conclusions
In this patient affected by C3G, pioglitazone proved effective in reducing proteinuria levels.
Properties of bundle valuations in carrier collaboration
Authors: Vetschera Rudolf , Knyazev Dmitriy , Rehsmann Daniel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCombinatorial auctions are an important part of many frameworks for carrier collaboration in logistics. In the last years, many innovative auction mechanisms have been developed in the economic literature that could potentially be applied in this context and that could significantly simplify the process of determining efficient allocations of requests. These mechanisms rely on certain assumptions about the valuations of bidders. In this paper, we perform computational experiments to analyze to which extent these requirements are fulfilled for valuations derived from a simple logistics problem, the Traveling Salesman Problem. We find that bidders’ valuations typically violate even very elementary requirements, but that these violations affect only a limited number of request bundles. We further analyze whether these violations exhibit a consistent pattern across multiple carriers and check consistency if route lengths are calculated exactly or approximated.
What can monetary policy tell us about Bitcoin?
Authors: Pietrzak Marcin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBitcoin enthusiasts argue that it is free from central banks decisions and it is a hedge against inflation. Using high-frequency monetary surprises associated with decisions made by the Fed and the ECB, I show that these claims are not supported by the data. Bitcoin systemically reacts to monetary and central bank information shocks. I find that these reactions vary over time: not only by changing the magnitude but sometimes sign of reaction. Fed’s disinflationary shocks increase Bitcoin price, while the ECB’s decrease, hence providing little support for it as an inflation hedge.
Selenoprotein P, peroxiredoxin-5, renalase, and total antioxidant status in patients with suspected obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Czerwińska Karolina , Januszewska Lidia , Markiewicz-Górka Iwona , Jaremków Aleksandra , Martynowicz Helena , Pawlas Krystyna , Mazur Grzegorz , Poręba Rafał , Gać Paweł 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between selenoprotein P, peroxiredoxin-5, renalase, total antioxidant status (TAS), mean blood pressure (mBP), and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI).

Methods
The study group consisted of 112 patients hospitalized to verify the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The inclusion criteria were consent to participate in the study and age ≥ 18 years. Patients with active proliferative disease, severe systemic diseases, or mental diseases were excluded from the study. Each patient underwent full polysomnography and had blood pressure measured. Blood samples were collected and laboratory test was performed.

Results
Among 112 patients enrolled, there was a statistically significant negative linear correlation between blood pressure values (sBP, dBP, mBP) and selenoprotein P, renalase, and TAS levels. Similarly, there was a negative linear correlation between AHI and selenoprotein P, renalase, and TAS levels, but none between AHI and peroxiredoxin-5. Based on the obtained regression models, higher selenoprotein P, peroxiredoxin-5, and renalase levels were independently associated with higher TAS. Lower mBP values were independently associated with the use of antihypertensive drugs, higher TAS, and younger age. Male gender, higher BMI, and higher mBP were independently associated with higher AHI.

Conclusions
Higher concentrations of selenoprotein P, peroxiredoxin-5, and renalase were associated with higher TAS, which confirms their antioxidant properties. There was an indirect connection between tested antioxidants and blood pressure values.
Functional mobility and physical fitness are improved through a multicomponent training program in institutionalized older adults
Authors: López-López Sergio , Abuín-Porras Vanesa , Berlanga Luis A. , Martos-Duarte Michelle , Perea-Unceta Luis , Romero-Morales Carlos , Pareja-Galeano Helios 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPhysical exercise has demonstrated its effectiveness in the management of the deleterious process of aging. However, it is less studied in institutionalized elderly people. This investigation aims to clarify the benefits of a multicomponent training program in institutionalized older adults. A randomized controlled trial was conducted with institutionalized older adults (≥ 70 years old). Intervention group (IG; N = 18) were submitted to a multicomponent training program based on muscle power training and interval endurance exercise, 2 times/week for 12 weeks. Control group (CG; N = 16) continued their usual mobility exercises. Independence was estimated with the Barthel index, and physical fitness and functional mobility were evaluated by the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, the 6-min Walking Test (6’WT), the 10-Meter Walking Test (10MWT), hand grip strength dynamometry, and lower limb muscle strength and power. The IG improved, compared with the CG, in TUG scores in -7.43 s (95% IC: 3.28, 11.59; p < 0.001); in 10MWT scores in -5.19 s (95% IC: 1.41, 8.97; p = 0.004) and -4.43 s (95% IC: 1.14, 7.73; p = 0.002), 6’WT scores in + 54.54 m (95% IC: 30.24, 78.84; p < 0.001); and SPPB in + 2.74 points (95% IC: 2.10, 3.37; p < 0.001). Maximum muscle power and maximum strength did not show statistically significant differences. The multicomponent training program based on muscle power and interval endurance exercise was shown to be safe, well tolerated and effective for the improvement of functional mobility and physical fitness, but not for independence in institutionalized older adults.
First-order thermodynamics of scalar-tensor gravity
Authors: Giardino Serena , Giusti Andrea 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe first-order thermodynamics of scalar-tensor theory is a novel approach that exploits the intriguing relationship between gravity and thermodynamics to better understand the space of gravity theories. It is based on using Eckart’s first-order irreversible thermodynamics on the effective imperfect fluid describing scalar-tensor gravity and characterises General Relativity as an equilibrium state, and scalar-tensor theories as non-equilibrium states, naturally describing the approach to equilibrium. Applications of this framework to cosmology, extensions to different classes of modified theories, and the formulation of two complementary descriptions based on the notions of temperature and chemical potential all contribute to a new and unifying picture of the landscape of gravity theories.