bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hetero‐Packing Nanostructures of Iron (III) Fluoride Nanocomposite Cathode for High‐Rate and Long‐Life Rechargeable Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Guan Tuxiang , Zhao Lei , Zhou Yu , Qiu Xinming , Wu Jian , Wu Guan , Bao Ningzhong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHigh‐performance metal fluoride cathodes are crucial to design ultrahigh‐capacity lithium metal batteries for taking part in the next‐generation energy storage market. However, their insulating nature and sluggish reaction kinetics result in voltage hysteresis, low‐rate capability, and rapid capacity degradation. Herein, a generalizable one‐step melt synthesis approach is reported to construct hetero‐packing nanostructures of FeF3@C‐Asphalt nanocomposites, where ultrafine FeF3 nanoparticles are homogeneously covered by a high conductive carbon framework. By the electrochemical kinetics calculation and multiphysics simulations, this FeF3@C‐Asphalt nanocomposites consist of ultrafine nanoparticles and a constrained carbon framework, offering a high tap density (1.8 g cm−3), significantly improved conductivity, and enhanced charge pathways, and thereby enabling the fast electron transport, rapid ion migration, depressed electrode internal stress, and mitigated volume expansion. As a result, the optimized FeF3@C‐Asphalt cathode delivers a high capacity of 517 mAh g−1, high cyclic stability of 87.5% after 1000 cycles under 5 A g−1 (10 C), and excellent capacity retention of 77% from 0.5 A g−1 to 10 A g−1 (20 C, 250 mAh g−1). The work provides an easy‐to‐operate and low‐cost approach to accomplish high cyclic stability metal fluoride‐lithium batteries, which will guide the development of fast‐charging ultrahigh‐capacity cathode materials for the new energy industry.
Impact of rural households' digital ability on their production efficiency in China
Authors: Li Danyang , Kojima Daizo , Wu Laping , Ando Mitsuyoshi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRural digitalization has become a key part of modernization in China. However, this rural digitalization follows a top‐down approach, from government guidance to private construction. Rural households' digital abilities have not received sufficient attention. This study explores rural households' digital abilities and their impact on production efficiency. One thousand eight hundred and seventy households are grouped into digital households (who have access to both digital and traditional channels) and traditional households (who only access traditional channels) based on their access to information channels for comparative analysis. The two‐parameter item response theory is applied to measure digital ability; stochastic frontier models are constructed to test the impact of digital ability on production efficiency; and a stochastic meta‐frontier approach is used to compare the efficiency between groups. The results indicate that: (1) digital households have stronger digital abilities than traditional households. (2) Digital ability is positively correlated with production efficiency. This effect is most evident among traditional households, followed by social households (digital households who use more social channels than nonsocial channels), and finally, nonsocial households (digital households who use more nonsocial channels). (3) Human capital (education, health, and skills) of laborers, off‐farm work, and village internet infrastructure all promote efficiency significantly. Research findings can help policymakers formulate targeted interventions to improve rural households' livelihoods.
Development of predictive score for postoperative dysphagia after emergency abdominal surgery in patients of advanced age
Authors: Iguchi Tomohiro , Mita Junya , Iseda Norifumi , Sasaki Shun , Harada Noboru , Ninomiya Mizuki , Sugimachi Keishi , Honboh Takuya , Sadanaga Noriaki , Matsuura Hiroshi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimPostoperative dysphagia after emergency abdominal surgery (EAS) in patients of advanced age has become problematic, and appropriate dysphagia management is needed. This study was performed to identify predictive factors of dysphagia after EAS and to explore the usefulness of swallowing screening tools (SSTs).MethodsThis retrospective study included 267 patients of advanced age who underwent EAS from 2012 to 2022. They were assigned to a dysphagia group and non‐dysphagia group using the Food Intake Level Scale (FILS) (dysphagia was defined as a FILS level of <7 on postoperative day 10). From 2018, original SSTs including a modified water swallowing test were performed by nurses.ResultsThe incidence of postoperative dysphagia was 22.8% (61/267). Patients were significantly older in the dysphagia than non‐dysphagia group. The proportions of patients who had poor nutrition, cerebrovascular disorder, Parkinson's disease, dementia, nursing‐care service, high intramuscular adipose tissue content (IMAC), and postoperative ventilator management were much higher in the dysphagia than non‐dysphagia group. Using logistic regression analysis, high IMAC, postoperative ventilator management, cerebrovascular disorder, and dementia were correlated with postoperative dysphagia and were assigned 10, 4, 3, and 3 points, respectively, according to each odds ratio. The optimal cut‐off value was 7 according to a receiver operating characteristics curve. Using 1:1 propensity score matching for high‐risk patients, the incidence of postoperative dysphagia was reduced by SSTs.ConclusionsThe new prediction score obtained from this study can identify older patients at high risk for dysphagia after EAS, and SSTs may improve these patients' short‐term outcomes.
Unprecedented Reactivity of AgSCF3 with o‐Isocyanobiaryls: Synthetic and Mechanistic Insight
Authors: Phetcharawetch Jongkonporn , Betterley Nolan M. , Hassa Nattawoot , Witayapaisitsan Naphol , Leowanawat Pawaret , Soorukram Darunee , Reutrakul Vichai , Surawatanawong Panida , Kuhakarn Chutima 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe work reports an unusual reaction of o‐isocyanobiaryls and AgSCF3, which led to the unexpected formation of 6‐(trifluoromethyl)phenanthridines and o‐biaryl isothiocyanates as products, instead of the expected 6‐((trifluoromethyl)thio)phenanthridines. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations on the relative free energy of β‐fragmentation and 6‐endo‐trig radical cyclization pathways of the key thioimidoyl radical intermediate suggested that β‐fragmentation of the S−CF3 bond is preferable, releasing CF3 radical and o‐biaryl isothiocyanate. The CF3‐imidoyl intermediate arising from the addition of CF3 radical to o‐isocyanobiaryl then underwent 6‐endo‐trig radical cyclization to provide 6‐(trifluoromethyl)phenanthridines. This work demonstrates the alternate application of AgSCF3 in generating trifluoromethylated and isothiocyanate products.
Gallium Triggers Ferroptosis through a Synergistic Mechanism
Authors: Peng Xin‐Xin , Zhang Hang , Zhang Ruijing , Li Ze‐Hao , Yang Zi‐Shu , Zhang Jing , Gao Song , Zhang Jun‐Long 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe gallium ion (Ga3+) has long been believed to disrupt ferric homeostasis in the body by competing with iron cofactors in metalloproteins, ultimately leading to cell death. This study revealed that through an indirect pathway, gallium can trigger ferroptosis, a type of non‐apoptotic cell death regulated by iron. This is exemplified by the gallium complex of the salen ligand (Ga‐1); we found that Ga‐1 acts as an effective anion transporter that can affect the pH gradient and change membrane permeability, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and the release of ferrous iron from the electron transfer chain (ETC). In addition, Ga‐1 also targeted protein disulfide isomerases (PDIs) located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, preventing the repair of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) system and thus enforcing ferroptosis. Finally, a combination treatment of Ga‐1 and dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which enhances lipid peroxidation during ferroptosis, showed a synergistic therapeutic effect both in vitro and in vivo. This study provided us with a strategy to synergistically induce Ferroptosis in tumor cells, thereby enhancing the anti‐neoplastic effect.
In situ Generated Iridium Nanoparticles as Hydride Donors in Photoredox‐Catalyzed Hydrogen Isotope Exchange Reactions with Deuterium and Tritium Gas
Authors: Kramp Henrik , Weck Remo , Sandvoss Martin , Sib Anna , Mencia Gabriel , Fazzini Pier‐Francesco , Chaudret Bruno , Derdau Volker 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe have studied the photoredox‐catalyzed hydrogen isotope exchange (HIE) reaction with deuterium or tritium gas as isotope sources and in situ formed transition metal nanoparticles as hydrogen atom transfer pre‐catalysts. By this means we have found synergistic reactivities applying two different HIE mechanisms, namely photoredox‐catalyzed and CH‐functionalization HIE leading to the synthesis of highly deuterated complex molecules. Finally, we adopted these findings successfully to tritium chemistry.
Flocculation efficiency of phosphorylated hemoglobin on kaolin and hematite systems
Authors: Lee Changhoon , Garcia Rafael A. , Bumanlag Lorelie P. , Liang Chen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHemoglobin recovered from slaughterhouse blood has proven to be an effective flocculant of negatively charged particulate contaminants, but it is ineffective against positively charged contaminants. Phosphorylation is useful for modifying proteins to increase the number of negatively charged sites. Dry‐heat phosphorylation and chemical phosphorylation were applied to hemoglobin. The kaolin/hematite clarification efficiencies of modified hemoglobin at different dosages and pH values were determined. ζ‐potential and total phosphorus content were also measured. Chemical phosphorylation was generally more effective than dry heat phosphorylation at achieving the desired modification of properties; it produced modified hemoglobin (CPhosHb) with higher phosphorus content and lower isoelectric point, and it had greater efficiency in flocculating hematite suspensions. At the optimal dosage of 5 mg/g hematite, treatment with CPhosHb resulted in a 99% turbidity reduction in the hematite suspension after 24 h. When 500 mM calcium chloride was applied to CPhosHb, it exhibited a positive charge in the overall pH range and was capable of clarifying suspensions of negatively charged kaolin particles at low doses. From these results, the effectiveness of chemical phosphorylation on hemoglobin is demonstrated and CPhosHb can be used as a flocculant of either negatively charged or positively charged contaminants in wastewater.
20 years of research on the Guiana dolphin population of Sepetiba Bay, southeastern Brazil: What has changed?
Authors: Maciel Israel S. , Maricato Guilherme , Marqui Luciene , Anibolete Daniel , Belderrain Teresa , Figueiredo Luciana D. , França Samara , Oliveira Bruna , Alves Maria Alice S. , Tardin Rodrigo H. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Despite the importance of coastal habitats for the provision of many ecosystem services, these areas are currently among the most impacted by human activities. Impacts on coastal ecosystems may affect many key species, such as the Guiana dolphin, which inhabits Sepetiba Bay in south‐eastern Brazil, a highly degraded environment owing to a human‐induced rapid environmental change.
In this context, this study investigates the potential changes in the local Guiana dolphin behaviour, group structure, bioacoustics, site fidelity and habitat use over the past 20 years.
For this, a historical database (1998–2007) was compared with current data on the local dolphin population (2017–2019).
Between 2017 and 2019, the Guiana dolphins form significantly smaller groups (W = 3262.5, P > 0.001), spend more time foraging (61 vs. 10% in the past), emit whistles at a considerably lower rate (decreasing by 85.2%), have reduced site fidelity and now use a larger area.
As Sepetiba Bay has been severely impacted by human activities in the recent past, with profound consequences for much of its biodiversity, the observed changes in dolphin behaviour are probably a consequence of habitat degradation and, in particular, of reduced prey availability. These findings have important implications for the management and conservation of the Guiana dolphin population of Sepetiba Bay.
To break this human‐induced rapid environmental change, it will be essential to minimize the spatio‐temporal overlap of anthropogenic impacts, to avoid cumulative impacts. To mitigate anthropogenic impacts on the Guiana dolphins of Sepetiba Bay, it will be important to direct the following actions: (i) the regulation and control of anthropogenic noise; (ii) reduction and control of the release of chemical contaminants and organic effluents; (iii) more effective controls on vessel traffic within the areas used preferentially by the Guiana dolphin; and (iv) the implementation of measures to avoid overfishing and bycatch.
In silico characterization of ligand–receptor interactions for U‐47700, N,N‐didesmethyl‐U‐47700, U‐50488 at mu‐ and kappa‐opioid receptors
Authors: Laus Antonio , Kumar Amit , Caboni Pierluigi , De Luca Maria A. , Baumann Michael H. , Pieroni Enrico , Tocco Graziella 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe increasing misuse of novel synthetic opioids (NSOs) represents a serious public health concern. In this regard, U‐47700 (trans‐3,4‐dichloro‐N‐[2‐(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]‐N‐methylbenzamide) and related “U‐compounds” emerged on recreational drug markets as synthetic substitutes for illicit heroin and constituents of counterfeit pain medications. While the pharmacology of U‐compounds has been investigated using in vitro and in vivo methods, there is still a lack of understanding about the details of ligand–receptor interactions at the molecular level. To this end, we have developed a molecular modeling protocol based on docking and molecular dynamics simulations to assess the nature of ligand–receptor interactions for U‐47700, N,N‐didesmethyl U‐47700, and U‐50488 at the mu‐opioid receptor (MOR) and kappa‐opioid receptor (KOR). The evaluation of ligand–receptor and ligand–receptor‐membrane interaction energies enabled the identification of subtle conformational shifts in the receptors induced by ligand binding. Interestingly, the removal of two key methyl groups from U‐47700, to form N,N‐didesmethyl U‐47700, caused a loss of hydrogen bond contact with tryptophan (Trp)229, which may underlie the lower interaction energy and reduced MOR affinity for the compound. Taken together, our results are consistent with the reported biological findings for U‐compounds and provide a molecular basis for the MOR selectivity of U‐47700 and KOR selectivity of U‐50488.
Climate change associated hazards on cultural heritage in Egypt
Authors: Abdrabo Mohamed A. , Hassaan Mahmoud A. , Abdelwahab Rofida G. , Elbarky Toka A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEgypt is a distinctive country in terms of its rich and unique tangible cultural heritage including monuments and archaeological sites distributed across the country. Many monuments and archaeological sites are facing a variety of climate change‐associated hazards with a wide range of cross‐sectoral impacts. This research intends to identify climate change‐associated hazards on tangible cultural heritage in Egypt, highlighting the main areas of concern. For this purpose, a Geographic Information System (GIS)‐based methodology is utilized, beginning with defining a framework for hazard identification. This is followed by developing a geospatial database of tangible cultural heritage. Meanwhile, expected changes in relevant climate parameters under Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 scenario up to 2065 were profiled. Thereafter, a geospatial database of existing tangible cultural heritage in Egypt as well as current and future climate parameters are employed to examine the exposure of archaeological heritage in Egypt to various climate change‐associated hazards up to the year 2065. It was found that the tangible cultural heritage sites in Egypt, accounting for 205 sites, are exposed to specific or combined levels of climate change‐associated hazards depending on their geographic settings. In this respect, it was found that 25% of archaeological sites in Egypt are susceptible to combined high to moderate temperature ranges and humid conditions as a result of climate change up to 2065. This highlights the need for developing archaeological site conservation strategies based not only on current conservation needs, including anthropogenic and environmental stressors, but also on climate change‐associated hazards. Such a strategy needs to prioritize different cultural heritage assets actions according to their uniqueness as well as associated direct and indirect benefits.
“Keep It Short and Simple”: Perceptions of patients and healthcare professionals on the use of a mobile health app in the care for patients undergoing radical prostatectomy
Authors: Clinckaert Andries , Schreurs Lucas , Wouters Lars , Everaerts Wouter , De Cock Diederik 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients undergoing radical prostatectomy for localised prostate cancer generally have good long‐term survival rates. However, late recurrences can occur and require lifelong follow‐up.ObjectiveThis research aims to investigate different stakeholders' perceptions on the use of mobile health (mHealth) applications for prostate cancer follow‐up after radical prostatectomy.MethodsA cross‐sectional qualitative study was conducted to explore stakeholders' perceptions of an mHealth application for follow‐up after radical prostatectomy. Urologists, nurses, and patients treated with radical prostatectomy were interviewed, and data were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis according to Qualitative Analysis Guide of Leuven. Recommended features for an ideal mHealth application were grouped according to the Persuasive Systems Design model.Results and LimitationsA total of 30 stakeholders, consisting of nurse specialists (n = 7), urologists (n = 8), and patients (n = 15), were interviewed. Expected benefits and barriers were mentioned and grouped in five overarching themes: healthcare optimisation, disease management, app compliance, legal and organisational requirements, and patient–mHealth interaction. Stakeholders provided a multitude of suggestions for an ideal mHealth app. Yet, not all types of stakeholders were interviewed, and patient selection limited generalisability of findings.ConclusionsStakeholders indicate that an mHealth app in the care for post‐prostatectomy patients can improve patient care and promote disease management but consider app compliance as a major challenge.Patient SummaryWe interviewed patients, nurses, and urologists about using an mHealth application for follow‐up after radical prostatectomy. The participants agreed that an mHealth app could improve care optimisation and disease management, but some concerns and barriers were expressed. This resulted in a list of recommended features for an ideal app.
Predicting a win by a small margin: The effect of graphic scaling in published polls on voters' predictions
Authors: Shalev Edith , Peer Eyal 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe public display of election poll results is often manipulated to influence voter predictions about the race. Narrow scaling is one such manipulation that involves truncating the chart's vertical axis such that its range extends closely around the values of the bars. This manipulation exacerbates the visual difference between bars, making the margin appear larger than an unbiased representation would suggest. The current research examines whether narrow scaling of a bar chart depicting the degree of support for political candidate affects voters' predictions about election outcomes. In three experiments, conducted during the 2022 US gubernatorial and senate elections, we displayed published polls to potential voters using a wide‐ or a narrow‐scaled bar chart. We found that when the scale is narrow, voters are more likely to predict that the leading candidate in the poll will win the election and by a larger margin. This scaling bias occurs despite voters' relative skepticism about narrow‐scaled polls. We further find that the scaling effect is attenuated when the poll margin is relatively large and enhanced when numerical value labels are removed from the graphic display.
Going with the crowd in volatile times: Exposure to environmental variability increases people's preference for popular options
Authors: Tan Lishi , Basu Shankha , Savani Krishna 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMore extreme temperature and precipitation events are defining features of climate change, and higher volatility in asset prices is a defining feature of globalization. Four experiments (two preregistered; total N = 2086) found that exposure to a high degree of variability in a given domain shifted people's preferences toward more popular products, that is, products rated by a larger number of consumers. This finding replicated across different experimental manipulations of variability, including graphs depicting either high or low variability in annual rainfall or temperature (Experiments 1 and 2), and in the experienced outcomes of dice rolls, which were manipulated to be perceived as having high or low variability (Experiment 3). The results generalized across different consumer choices, including services (Experiment 1) and products (Experiments 2 and 3). After exposure to higher variability, participants who received a more popular but lower rated option felt less anxious than those who received a less popular but higher rated option, indicating that choosing popular products serves to reduce the anxiety induced by higher variability (Experiment 4). This research highlights both a novel consequence of exposure to greater variability and a novel antecedent of people's preference for popular options.
A new synthesis method for complex electric field patterning using a multichannel dense array system with applications in low‐intensity noninvasive neuromodulation
Authors: Smith Matthew C. , Sievenpiper Daniel F. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMultichannel coil array systems offer precise spatiotemporal electronic steering and patterning of electric and magnetic fields without the physical movement of coils or magnets. This capability could potentially benefit a wide range of biomagnetic applications such as low‐intensity noninvasive neuromodulation or magnetic drug delivery. In this regard, the objective of this work is to develop a unique synthesis method, that enabled by a multichannel dense array system, generates complex current pattern distributions not previously reported in the literature. Simulations and experimental results verify that highly curved or irregular (e.g., zig–zag) patterns at singular and multiple sites can be efficiently formed using this method. The synthesis method is composed of three primary components; a pixel cell (basic unit of pattern formation), a template array (“virtual array”: code that disseminates the coil current weights to the “physical” dense array), and a hexagonal coordinate system. Low‐intensity or low‐field magnetic stimulation is identified as a potential application that could benefit from this work in the future and as such is used as an example to frame the research.