bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
It's time to address fear of cancer recurrence in family caregivers: usability study of an virtual version of the Family Caregiver—Fear Of Recurrence Therapy (FC-FORT)
Authors: Lamarche Jani , Cusson Angélica , Nissim Rinat , Avery Jonathan , Wong Jiahui , Maheu Christine , Lambert Sylvie D. , Laizner Andrea M. , Jones Jennifer , Esplen Mary Jane , Lebel Sophie 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundFamily caregivers of cancer survivors experience equal or greater levels of fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) than survivors themselves. Some interventions have demonstrated their ability to reduce FCR among cancer survivors and dyads (patient and caregivers). However, to date, no validated intervention exists to focus solely on family caregiver's FCR.ObjectivesThis study aimed to (1) adapt the evidence-based in-person Fear Of Recurrence Therapy (FORT) for family caregivers (referred here in as FC-FORT) and to a virtual delivery format and (2) test its usability when offered virtually.MethodsThe adaptation of FC-FORT was overseen by an advisory board and guided by the Information Systems Research Framework. Following this adaptation, female family caregivers and therapists were recruited for the usability study. Participants took part in 7 weekly virtual group therapy sessions, a semi-structured exit interview and completed session feedback questionnaires. Therapists were offered a virtual training and weekly supervision. Fidelity of treatment administration was assessed each session. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Exit interviews were transcribed verbatim using NVivo Transcription and coded using conventional content analysis. Results were presented back to the advisory board to further refine FC-FORT.ResultsThe advisory board (n = 16) met virtually on 7 occasions to adapt FC-FORT (i.e., patient manuals, virtual format) and discuss recruitment strategies. Minor (e.g., revised text, adapted materials to virtual format) and major adaptations (e.g., added and rearranged sessions) were made to FC-FORT and subsequently approved by the advisory board. Four family caregivers and three therapists took part in the first round of the usability testing. Six family caregivers and the same three therapists took part in the second round. Overall, participants were very satisfied with FC-FORT's usability. Qualitative analysis identified 4 key themes: usability of FC-FORT, satisfaction and engagement with content, group cohesion, and impact of FC-FORT. All participants indicated that they would recommend FC-FORT to others as is.ConclusionsUsing a multidisciplinary advisory board, our team successfully adapted FC-FORT and tested its usability using videoconferencing. Results from this study indicate that the efficacy and acceptability of FC-FORT are now ready to be tested in a larger pilot study.
Novel risk score model for non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy based on untargeted metabolomics of venous blood
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Yang Shu , Yang Guangyan , Lin Jialong , Zhao Pengfei , Ding Jingyun , Sun Hongyan , Meng Ting , Yang Ming Ming , Kang Lin , Liang Zhen 
Published: August 2023

Background and PurposeNonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) occurs in the early stages of Diabetic retinopathy (DR), and the study of its metabolic markers will help to prevent DR. Hence, we aimed to establish a risk score based on multiple metabolites through untargeted metabolomic analysis of venous blood from NPDR patients and diabetic non-DR patients.Experimental ApproachUntargeted metabolomics of venous blood samples from patients with NPDR, diabetes melitus without DR were performed using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.ResultsDetailed metabolomic evaluation showed distinct clusters of metabolites in plasma samples from patients with NPDR and diabetic non-DR patients. NPDR patients had significantly higher levels of phenylacetylglycine, L-aspartic acid, tiglylglycine, and 3-sulfinato-L-alaninate, and lower level of indolelactic acid, threonic acid, L-arginine (Arg), and 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid compared to control. The expression profiles of these eight NPDR risk-related characteristic metabolites were analyzed using Cox regression to establish a risk score model. Subsequently, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to determine that this risk score model was a predictor of independent prognosis for NPDR.ConclusionsUntargeted metabolome analysis of blood metabolites revealed unreported metabolic alterations in NPDR patients compared with those in diabetic non-DR patients or MH. In the venous blood, we identified depleted metabolites thA and Arg, indicating that they might play a role in NPDR development.
Digital transition and the clean renewable energy adoption in rural family: evidence from Broadband China
Authors: Yan Jinchen , Li Jing , Li Xia , Liu Yifang 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe increasing digital transformation and the global need for sustainable energy solutions have sparked considerable interest in the examination of digital technologies' impact on the adoption of clean renewable energy. However, limited research focuses on energy consumption in rural households, especially in developing countries such as China.MethodsThis study leverages the quasi-natural experiment provided by the Broadband China Policy (BCP) and utilizes data from the China Labor-force Dynamics Survey (CLDS) spanning 2012 to 2016. Our investigation aims to understand the effect of the digital transition on the adoption of clean renewable energy within rural families. We employ staggered Difference-in-Difference (DID) and Doubly Robust Staggered DID estimators to assess this impact, allowing us to explore regional heterogeneity.ResultsOur findings reveal that implementing the BCP significantly influences clean renewable energy adoption, although this effect varies across different regions. Specifically, in the middle region, the BCP results in a notable 5.8% increase in clean renewable energy adoption compared to non-pilot cities. However, in the east and west regions, the BCP is associated with a decrease of 12.6% and 13.5%, respectively, in clean renewable energy adoption. Dynamic effect analysis further indicates that the east region had already experienced high clean renewable energy adoption prior to the BCP's implementation, while the BCP positively influences clean renewable energy intentions in the west region.DiscussionOur analysis identifies three significant channels through which the BCP affects clean renewable energy adoption: population size, economic size, and income level. Larger populations and greater economic size enhance the BCP's impact on clean renewable energy adoption. These findings provide empirical evidence for developing countries that seek to harness digital development for technological advancement, industrial upgrading, and carbon emission reduction.
Understanding ethical challenges of family planning interventions in sub–Saharan Africa: a scoping review
Authors: Montt-Maray Eloisa , Adamjee Lamiah , Horanieh Nour , Witt Alice , González-Capella Thaïs , Zinke-Allmang Anja , Cislaghi Beniamino 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundImproving the design of family planning (FP) interventions is essential to advancing gender equality, maternal health outcomes, and reproductive autonomy for both men and women. While progress has been made towards applying a rights-based approach to FP interventions in sub-Saharan Africa, the ethical implications of FP interventions has been underreported and underexplored. Several ethical challenges persist related to measuring success, choice, and target population.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review to understand if and how FP interventions published between 2000 and 2020 within sub-Saharan Africa address the ethical challenges raised within the literature. We identified a total of 1,652 papers, of which 40 were included in the review.ResultsOur review demonstrated that the majority of family planning interventions in sub-Saharan Africa place a strong emphasis, on measuring success through quantitative indicators such as uptake of modern contraception methods among women, specifically those that are married and visiting healthcare centres. They also tend to bias the provision of family planning by promoting long-acting reversible contraception over other forms of contraception methods potentially undermining individuals' autonomy and choice. The interventions in our review also found most interventions exclusively target women, not recognising the importance of gender norms and social networks on women's choice in using contraception and the need for more equitable FP services.ConclusionThe results of this review highlight how FP interventions measured success through quantitative indicators that focus on uptake of modern contraception methods among women. Utilising these measures makes it difficult to break away from the legacy of FP as a tool for population control as they limit the ability to incorporate autonomy, choice, and rights. Our results are meant to encourage members of the global family planning community to think critically about the ethical implications of their existing interventions and how they may be improved. More public health and policy research is required to assess the effect of applying the new indicators with the FP community as well as explicitly outlining monitoring and evaluation strategies for new interventions to allow for programme improvement and the dissemination of lessons learned.
A programmed cell death-related model based on machine learning for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy responses in patients with lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Yi , Wang Yuzhi , Chen Jianlin , Xia Yu , Huang Yi 
Published: August 2023

Backgroundlung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains one of the most common and lethal malignancies with poor prognosis. Programmed cell death (PCD) is an evolutionarily conserved cell suicide process that regulates tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis of cancer cells. However, a comprehensive analysis of the role of PCD in LUAD is still unavailable.MethodsWe analyzed multi-omic variations in PCD-related genes (PCDRGs) for LUAD. We used cross-validation of 10 machine learning algorithms (101 combinations) to synthetically develop and validate an optimal prognostic cell death score (CDS) model based on the PCDRGs expression profile. Patients were classified based on their median CDS values into the high and low-CDS groups. Next, we compared the differences in the genomics, biological functions, and tumor microenvironment of patients between both groups. In addition, we assessed the ability of CDS for predicting the response of patients from the immunotherapy cohort to immunotherapy. Finally, functional validation of key genes in CDS was performed.ResultsWe constructed CDS based on four PCDRGs, which could effectively and consistently stratify patients with LUAD (patients with high CDS had poor prognoses). The performance of our CDS was superior compared to 77 LUAD signatures that have been previously published. The results revealed significant genetic alterations like mutation count, TMB, and CNV were observed in patients with high CDS. Furthermore, we observed an association of CDS with immune cell infiltration, microsatellite instability, SNV neoantigens. The immune status of patients with low CDS was more active. In addition, CDS could be reliable to predict therapeutic response in multiple immunotherapy cohorts. In vitro experiments revealed that high DNA damage inducible transcript 4 (DDIT4) expression in LUAD cells mediated protumor effects.ConclusionCDS was constructed based on PCDRGs using machine learning. This model could accurately predict patients’ prognoses and their responses to therapy. These results provide new promising tools for clinical management and aid in designing personalized treatment strategies for patients with LUAD.
A single center case series of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus, patterns of disease onset and long-term clinical outcome
Authors: Marsiglio John , McPherson Jordan P. , Kovacsovics-Bankowski Magdalena , Jeter Joanne , Vaklavas Christos , Swami Umang , Grossmann Douglas , Erickson-Wayman Alyssa , Soares Heloisa P. , Kerrigan Katie , Gibson Berit , Doherty Jennifer Anne , Hyngstrom John , Hardikar Sheetal , Hu-Lieskovan Siwen 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundType 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a rare, but serious immune-related adverse event (irAE) of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Our goal was to characterize treatment outcomes associated with ICI-induced T1DM through analysis of clinical, immunological and proteomic data.MethodsThis was a single-center case series of patients with solid tumors who received ICIs and subsequently had a new diagnosis of T1DM. ICD codes and C-peptide levels were used to identify patients for chart review to confirm ICI-induced T1DM. Baseline blood specimens were studied for proteomic and immunophenotypic changes.ResultsBetween 2011 and 2023, 18 of 3744 patients treated at Huntsman Cancer Institute with ICIs were confirmed to have ICI-induced T1DM (0.48%). Eleven of the 18 patients received anti-PD1 monotherapy, 4 received anti-PD1 plus chemotherapy or targeted therapy, and 3 received ipilimumab plus nivolumab. The mean time to onset was 218 days (range 22-418 days). Patients had sudden elevated serum glucose within 2-3 weeks prior to diagnosis. Sixteen (89%) presented with diabetic ketoacidosis. Three of 12 patients had positive T1DM-associated autoantibodies. All patients with T1DM became insulin-dependent through follow-up. At median follow-up of 21.9 months (range 8.4-82.4), no patients in the melanoma group had progressed or died from disease. In the melanoma group, best responses were 2 complete response and 2 partial response while on active treatment; none in the adjuvant group had disease recurrence. Proteomic analysis of baseline blood suggested low inflammatory (IL-6, OSMR) markers and high metabolic (GLO1, DXCR) markers in ICI-induced T1DM cohort.ConclusionsOur case series demonstrates rapid onset and irreversibility of ICI-induced T1DM. Melanoma patients with ICI-induced T1DM display excellent clinical response and survival. Limited proteomic data also suggested a unique proteomic profile. Our study helps clinicians to understand the unique clinical presentation and long-term outcomes of this rare irAE for best clinical management.
Music-based multicomponent exercise training for community-dwelling older adults with mild-to-moderate cognitive decline: a feasibility study
Authors: Park Kyoung Shin , Buseth Lake , Hong Jiyeong , Etnier Jennifer L. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThis study explored the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a music-based, multicomponent exercise intervention among community-dwelling older adults with mild-to-moderate cognitive impairment.Methods16 older adults aged 85±9 years with mild-to-moderate cognitive impairment received music-based multicomponent exercise training for 20 weeks at an independent living facility. Participants received aerobic, resistance, and balance training paired with beat-accentuated music stimulation. Participants’ adherence to the training was tracked down and their cognitive and physical functioning and health-related quality of life were assessed at pre- and post-test.Results3 participants withdrew due to unexpected issues unrelated to the intervention and thus 13 participants (7 females) attended an average of 4.6 days/week over 20 weeks and reported high satisfaction with the intervention (90.6%). Participants showed significant improvement in global cognition, cognitive processing speed, and walking endurance/aerobic fitness at post-test.DiscussionThese findings support the feasibility of music-based, multicomponent exercise training for older adults in an independent living facility and set the stage for future studies to test the efficacy of music on physical activity and ensuing health outcomes. We conclude that music-based, multicomponent exercise training can be beneficial for community-dwelling older adults with mild-to-moderate cognitive decline. As a form of rhythmic auditory stimulation, beat-accentuated music can be combined with exercise training to manipulate exercise tempo and may provide a source of motivation to help older adults adhere to exercise.
Next-generation sequencing: what are the needs in routine clinical microbiology? A survey among clinicians involved in infectious diseases practice
Authors: Michel Charlotte , Martin Charlotte , Smeesters Pierre , Goffard Jean-Christophe , Demuyser Thomas , Hallin Marie 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundThe translation of Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) from research to clinical microbiology is increasing rapidly, but its integration into routine clinical care struggles to catch-up. A challenge for clinical laboratories is that the substantial investments made in the required technologies and resources must meet both current and forthcoming needs.MethodsTo get a clinical perspective of these needs, we have sent a survey to infectious diseases clinicians of five hospitals, covering the following topics: NGS knowledge, expected syndromes and patients foreseen to benefit from NGS, and expected impact on antimicrobial prescription.ResultsAccording to clinicians, benefits of NGS are mostly expected in neurological and respiratory infections diagnostics.ConclusionA better dialog between microbiologists and clinicians about hopes and limits of NGS in microbiology may help identifying key investments needed for clinical laboratories, today and tomorrow.
Minimal effect of sleep on the risk of age-related macular degeneration: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhu Rong-Cheng , Li Fen-Fen , Wu Yi-Qing , Yi Quan-Yong , Huang Xiu-Feng 
Published: August 2023

AimsObservational studies have shown that sleep pattern is associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), but whether sleep pattern is a causal factor for AMD remains unclear. This study aims to use Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the potential causal relationship between sleep traits and AMD.MethodsThis is a two-sample MR study. The single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with AMD and early AMD were selected as the outcome from two different genome-wide association studies (GWAS): the early AMD GWAS with 14,034 cases and 91,214 controls, and AMD GWAS with 3,553 cases and 147,089 controls. The datasets of sleep duration, daytime dozing, and sleeplessness were used as exposure, which comprised nearly 0.46 million participants. Inverse-variance weighted method was used as the main result, and comprehensive sensitivity analyses were conducted to estimate the robustness of identified associations and the impact of potential horizontal pleiotropy.ResultsThrough MR analysis, we found that sleep duration was significantly associated with AMD (OR = 0.983, 95% CI = 0.970–0.996, P-value = 0.01). We also found suggestive evidence for the association of genetically predicted sleep duration with early AMD, which showed a consistent direction of effect with a marginal significance (OR = 0.724, 95% CI = 0.503–1.041, P-value = 0.08). Sensitivity analyses further supported the robustness of the causal relationship between sleep duration and AMD. However, we were unable to determine the relationship between daytime dozing or sleeplessness and AMD (including early AMD) (P-value &gt; 0.05).ConclusionSleep duration affects the causal risk for AMD; that is, longer sleep duration reduces the risk of AMD, while shorter sleep duration increases the risk of AMD. Although the influence is minimal, keeping adequate sleep duration is recommended, especially for patients with intermediate or advanced AMD.
Addressing mood and fatigue in return-to-work programmes after stroke: a systematic review
Authors: Chen Nicole Yun Ching , Dong YanHong , Kua Zaylea Zhong Jie 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionReturn-to-work is a key rehabilitation goal for many working aged stroke survivors, promoting an overall improvement of quality of life, social integration, and emotional wellbeing. Conversely, the failure to return-to-work contributes to a loss of identity, lowered self-esteem, social isolation, poorer quality of life and health outcomes. Return-to-work programmes have largely focused on physical and vocational rehabilitation, while neglecting to include mood and fatigue management. This is despite the knowledge that stroke results in changes in physical, cognitive, and emotional functioning, which all impact one’s ability to return to work. The purpose of this systematic review is to conduct a comprehensive and up-to-date search of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of return-to-work programmes after stroke. The focus is especially on examining components of mood and fatigue if they were included, and to also report on the screening tools used to measure mood and fatigue.MethodSearches were performed using 7 electronic databases for RCTs published in English from inception to 4 January 2023. A narrative synthesis of intervention design and outcomes was provided.ResultsThe search yielded 5 RCTs that satisfied the selection criteria (n = 626). Three studies included components of mood and fatigue management in the intervention, of which 2 studies found a higher percentage of subjects in the intervention group returning to work compared to those in the control group. The remaining 2 studies which did not include components of mood and fatigue management did not find any significant differences in return-to-work rates between the intervention and control groups. Screening tools to assess mood or fatigue were included in 3 studies.ConclusionOverall, the findings demonstrated that mood and fatigue are poorly addressed in rehabilitation programmes aimed at improving return-to-work after stroke, despite being a significant predictor of return-to-work. There is limited and inconsistent use of mood and fatigue screening tools. The findings were generally able to provide guidance and recommendations in the development of a stroke rehabilitation programme for return-to-work, highlighting the need to include components addressing and measuring psychological support and fatigue management.