bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The multimodality of lesson guides and the communication of social relations
Authors: Van Steenbrugge Hendrik , Remillard Janine T. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCurriculum resources such as textbooks and lesson guides communicate messages about the social relations between the teacher, students, artefacts, and the mathematics. Because of their implicit nature, these messages can be hard to surface and perhaps therefore are not frequently covered in curriculum resource analysis. Tackling this shortcoming, we examine mathematics lesson guides or the daily lesson descriptions written for elementary teachers. Drawing on multimodality and activity theory, we characterize the social relations messaged in the lesson guides in terms of two constructs: authority and distance. We present and illustrate an analytical approach to uncovering these messages in lesson guides from Sweden, USA, and Flanders. Our analytical approach enabled us to distinguish configurations of social relations that vary primarily across the three educational contexts, which strengthens our argument for viewing the configuration of social relations as a cultural script.
Supporting adults to become numerate citizens: a study of adult numeracy provision in Ireland
Authors: Goos Merrilyn , Prendergast Mark , O’Meara Niamh , O’Sullivan Kathy 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper revisits and reanalyses data from a study carried out in the further education and training sector in the Republic of Ireland to investigate (1) how adults access and participate in numeracy courses and (2) how adult numeracy provision might support active citizenship. We analysed 45 interviews with adult education providers, adult numeracy tutors, and adult learners to identify themes that connect adult numeracy with a human rights conception of citizenship as access to and participation in economic, social, and community life. This analysis found that the most common barriers to accessing adult numeracy courses arose from dispositional factors relating to fear, anxiety and lack of confidence with mathematics, largely due to negative experiences in formal schooling. To overcome these barriers, adults’ participation in numeracy courses was encouraged by integrating numeracy learning activities into real world contexts in a non-threatening learning environment. The interview analysis also illustrated ways in which adult numeracy education supported active citizenship in the economic, social, and community spheres, by (i) enhancing financial literacy and preparing adults for employment; (ii) fostering individual empowerment, family learning and social inclusion; and (iii) enabling civic engagement. Policies for promoting adult education typically aim to develop active citizenship, but without specifying how this is to be achieved. Our study is valuable because it illuminates potential connections between citizenship and numeracy as a dimension of adult education that is separate from literacy. The findings lead to recommendations for translating national and international policy frameworks into research-informed adult education programs.
Quality of life in patients undergoing minimally invasive cardiac surgery: a systematic review
Authors: Claessens Jade , Rottiers Roxanne , Vandenbrande Jeroen , Gruyters Ine , Yilmaz Alaaddin , Kaya Abdullah , Stessel Björn 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective
Minimally invasive procedures have been developed to reduce surgical trauma after cardiac surgery. Clinical recovery is the main focus of most research. Still, patient-centred outcomes, such as the quality of life, can provide a more comprehensive understanding of the impact of the surgery on the patient’s life. This systematic review aims to deliver a detailed summary of all available research investigating the quality of recovery, assessed with quality of life instruments, in adults undergoing minimally invasive cardiac surgery.

Methods
All randomised trials, cohort studies, and cross-sectional studies assessing the quality of recovery in patients undergoing minimally invasive cardiac surgery compared to conventional cardiac surgery within the last 20 years were included, and a summary was prepared.

Results
The randomised trial observed an overall improved quality of life after both minimally invasive and conventional surgery. The quality of life improvement in the minimally invasive group showed a faster course and evolved to a higher level than the conventional surgery group. These findings align with the results of prospective cohort studies. In the cross-sectional studies, no significant difference in the quality of life was seen except for one that observed a significantly higher quality of life in the minimally invasive group.

Conclusions
This systematic review indicates that patients may benefit from minimally invasive and conventional cardiac surgery, but patients undergoing minimally invasive cardiac surgery may recover sooner and to a greater extent. However, no firm conclusion could be drawn due to the limited available studies. Therefore, randomised controlled trials are needed.
Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization plus apatinib with or without camrelizumab for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter retrospective cohort study
Authors: Duan Xuhua , Li Hao , Kuang Donglin , Chen Pengfei , Zhang Kai , Li Yanliang , He Xiang , Xing Cheng , Wang Haibo , Liu Yaoxian , Xie Limin , Zhang Shixi , Zhang Qiang , Zhu Peixin , Dong Honglin , Xie Jichen , Li Hui , Wang Yong , Shi Ming , Jiang Guangbin , Xu Yandong , Zhou Shiqi , Shang Chunyu , Ren Jianzhuang , Han Xinwei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The evidence of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) plus tyrosine kinase inhibitor and immune checkpoint inhibitor in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was limited. This study aimed to evaluate the role of TACE plus apatinib (TACE + A) and TACE combined with apatinib plus camrelizumab (TACE + AC) in patients with unresectable HCC.

Methods
This study retrospectively reviewed patients with unresectable HCC who received TACE + A or TACE + AC in 20 centers of China from January 1, 2019 to June 31, 2021. Propensity score matching (PSM) at 1:1 was performed to reduce bias. Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs), overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were collected.

Results
A total of 960 eligible patients with HCC were included in the final analysis. After PSM, there were 449 patients in each group, and the baseline characteristics were balanced between two groups. At data cutoff, the median follow-up time was 16.3 (range: 11.9–21.4) months. After PSM, the TACE + AC group showed longer median OS (24.5 vs 18.0 months, p < 0.001) and PFS (10.8 vs 7.7 months, p < 0.001) than the TACE + A group; the ORR (49.9% vs 42.5%, p = 0.002) and DCR (88.4% vs 84.0%, p = 0.003) of the TACE + AC group were also higher than those in the TACE + A group. Fever, pain, hypertension and hand-foot syndrome were the more common TRAEs in two groups.

Conclusions
Both TACE plus apatinib and TACE combined with apatinib plus camrelizumab were feasible in patients with unresectable HCC, with manageable safety profiles. Moreover, TACE combined with apatinib plus camrelizumab showed additional benefit.
How Priming Exercise Affects Oxygen Uptake Kinetics: From Underpinning Mechanisms to Endurance Performance
Authors: Goulding Richie P. , Burnley Mark , Wüst Rob C. I. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe observation that prior heavy or severe-intensity exercise speeds overall oxygen uptake ($$\dot{V}$$

V
˙

O2) kinetics, termed the “priming effect”, has garnered significant research attention and its underpinning mechanisms have been hotly debated. In the first part of this review, the evidence for and against (1) lactic acidosis, (2) increased muscle temperature, (3) O2 delivery, (4) altered motor unit recruitment patterns and (5) enhanced intracellular O2 utilisation in underpinning the priming effect is discussed. Lactic acidosis and increased muscle temperature are most likely not key determinants of the priming effect. Whilst priming increases muscle O2 delivery, many studies have demonstrated that an increased muscle O2 delivery is not a prerequisite for the priming effect. Motor unit recruitment patterns are altered by prior exercise, and these alterations are consistent with some of the observed changes in $$\dot{V}$$

V
˙

O2 kinetics in humans. Enhancements in intracellular O2 utilisation likely play a central role in mediating the priming effect, probably related to elevated mitochondrial calcium levels and parallel activation of mitochondrial enzymes at the onset of the second bout. In the latter portion of the review, the implications of priming on the parameters of the power–duration relationship are discussed. The effect of priming on subsequent endurance performance depends critically upon which phases of the $$\dot{V}$$

V
˙

O2 response are altered. A reduced $$\dot{V}$$

V
˙

O2 slow component or increased fundamental phase amplitude tend to increase the work performable above critical power (i.e. W´), whereas a reduction in the fundamental phase time constant following priming results in an increased critical power.
Role of biodegradable dielectrics toward tool wear and dimensional accuracy in Cu-mixed die sinking EDM of Inconel 600 for sustainable machining
Authors: Ishfaq Kashif , Sana Muhammad , Rehman Mudassar , Anwar Saqib , Alfaify Abdullah Yahia , Zia Abdul Wasy 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNetZero advancements for the manufacturing industry are aspiring for precision machining of difficult-to-cut materials with a high degree of accuracy, particularly for Ni-based super alloys while meeting climate protocols. The applications and properties of the foregoing materials warrant the usage of the electric discharge machining (EDM) technique. However, given the rising scarcity of resources, there is a compelling need to make this process sustainable. The standard dielectric (kerosene) employed in EDM is hazardous to one's health and fails in terms of long-term productivity. As a result, an effort has been made in this study to evaluate the potential of biodegradable dielectrics, at different copper powder concentrations for sustainable machining of Inconel 600. This investigation evaluated three powder concentrations (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5) g/100 ml for each dielectric. Output responses including electrode wear rate and overcut explicitly aid in ensuring long-term productivity. For example, EWR represents economic assessment, while overcut determines dimensional accuracy. The full factorial design method was used in the experiments, followed by a full statistical examination encompassing, parametric effects and interactions, and signal-to-noise ratio. The findings of this study revealed a decreased EWR (2.69 mm3/min), as well as a minimal overcut (0.33 mm). In case of EWR, about 39% variation in the magnitude has been noted when dielectrics have been varied, whereas approximately 30.9% variation in EWR was observed against the change in the powder concentration. For overcut, the influence of the dielectric on the response magnitude has been further improved as it produces about 61% variation in the OC value. However, the impact of the change in powder concentration for overcut is 8%. It was found that Amla oil with a powder concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml produced the least tool wear, but Sunflower oil at minimum powder concentration (0.5 g/100 ml) produced the minimum overcut. As a result, the combined effect of all of the aforesaid strategies results in more sustainable and dimensionally accurate machining.
Unsupervised relational inference using masked reconstruction
Authors: Großmann Gerrit , Zimmerlin Julian , Backenköhler Michael , Wolf Verena 
Published: April 2023

AbstractProblem settingStochastic dynamical systems in which local interactions give rise to complex emerging phenomena are ubiquitous in nature and society. This work explores the problem of inferring the unknown interaction structure (represented as a graph) of such a system from measurements of its constituent agents or individual components (represented as nodes). We consider a setting where the underlying dynamical model is unknown and where different measurements (i.e.,snapshots) may be independent (e.g., may stem from different experiments).MethodOur method is based on the observation that the temporal stochastic evolution manifests itself in local patterns. We show that we can exploit these patterns to infer the underlying graph by formulating a masked reconstruction task. Therefore, we propose (raph nference etwork rchitecture), a machine learning approach to simultaneously learn the latent interaction graph and, conditioned on the interaction graph, the prediction of the (masked) state of a node based only on adjacent vertices. Our method is based on the hypothesis that the ground truth interaction graph—among all other potential graphs—allows us to predict the state of a node, given the states of its neighbors, with the highest accuracy.ResultsWe test this hypothesis and demonstrate ’s effectiveness on a wide range of interaction graphs and dynamical processes. We find that our paradigm allows to reconstruct the ground truth interaction graph in many cases and that outperforms statistical and machine learning baseline on independent snapshots as well as on time series data.
Simulation and test of the SLEGS TOF spectrometer at SSRF
Authors: Chen Kai-Jie , Liu Long-Xiang , Hao Zi-Rui , Ma Yu-Gang , Wang Hong-Wei , Fan Gong-Tao , Cao Xi-Guang , Xu Hang-Hua , Niu Yi-Fei , Li Xin-Xiang , Hu Xin-Rong , Yang Yu-Xuan , Jin Sheng , Kuang Pan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe Shanghai laser electron gamma source (SLEGS) is a powerful tool for exploring photonuclear physics, such as giant dipole resonance (GDR) and pygmy dipole resonance, which are the main mechanisms of collective nuclear motion. The goal of the SLEGS neutron time-of-flight (TOF) spectrometer is to measure GDR and specific nuclear structures in the energy region above the neutron threshold. The SLEGS TOF spectrometer was designed to hold 20 sets of EJ301 and $${\hbox {LaBr}_{3}}$$

LaBr
3

detectors. Geant4 was used to simulate the efficiency of each detector and the entire spectrometer, which provides a reference for the selection of detectors and layout of the SLEGS TOF spectrometer. Under the events of $$^{208}\hbox {Pb}$$

208

Pb

, implementations of coincidence and time-of-flight technology for complex experiments are available; thus, $$\gamma $$
γ
and neutron decay events can be separated. The performance of SLEGS TOF spectrometer was systematically evaluated using offline experiments, in which the time resolution reached approximately 0.9 ns.
Genetic Phenotypes of Alzheimer’s Disease: Mechanisms and Potential Therapy
Authors: Quan Meina , Cao Shuman , Wang Qi , Wang Shiyuan , Jia Jianping 
Published: April 2023

AbstractYears of intensive research has brought us extensive knowledge on the genetic and molecular factors involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In addition to the mutations in the three main causative genes of familial AD (FAD) including presenilins and amyloid precursor protein genes, studies have identified several genes as the most plausible genes for the onset and progression of FAD, such as triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2, sortilin-related receptor 1, and adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter subfamily A member 7. The apolipoprotein E ε4 allele is reported to be the strongest genetic risk factor for sporadic AD (SAD), and it also plays an important role in FAD. Here, we reviewed recent developments in genetic and molecular studies that contributed to the understanding of the genetic phenotypes of FAD and compared them with SAD. We further reviewed the advancements in AD gene therapy and discussed the future perspectives based on the genetic phenotypes.
Taking the Path Less Traveled: How Responsible Leadership Addresses a Grand Challenge in Public Health, a Case Study from China
Authors: Zhang Zhi-Xue , Yi Xiwei , Dong Yuntao 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTThis study unpacks how responsible leadership driven by a social mission can accomplish both social objectives and financial goals to support an organization's survival. We focus on a social enterprise in the healthcare industry in China and examine how it balances its social mission and economic goals by enlarging the capacity of medical institutions and providing high-quality services to a high number of patients. Through our analysis of the case firm, we reveal the motivation and actions of an entrepreneur in establishing a socially responsible firm and the social implications of responsible leadership in operating such an enterprise. We provide an important supplement and extension to the work of Smith and Besharov (2019) by demonstrating how a responsible leader in China manages the process of balancing social and economic goals. We further contribute to the understanding of how a socially responsible firm can improve the healthcare industry and the reform of China's healthcare.
Higher order log-concavity of the overpartition function and its consequences
Authors: Mukherjee Gargi , Zhang Helen W. J. , Zhong Ying 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLet ${\overline{p}}(n)$ denote the overpartition function. In this paper, we study the asymptotic higher-order log-concavity property of the overpartition function in a similar framework done by Hou and Zhang for the partition function. This will enable us to move on further in order to prove log-concavity of overpartitions, explicitly by studying the asymptotic expansion of the quotient ${\overline{p}}(n-1){\overline{p}}(n+1)/{\overline{p}}(n)^2$ up to a certain order. This enables us to additionally prove 2-log-concavity and higher Turán inequalities with a unified approach.
Proactive and reactive aggression: Developmental trajectories and longitudinal associations with callous–unemotional traits, impulsivity, and internalizing emotions
Authors: Vaughan Erin P. , Speck Julianne S. , Frick Paul J. , Walker Toni M. , Robertson Emily L. , Ray James V. , Wall Myers Tina D. , Thornton Laura C. , Steinberg Laurence , Cauffman Elizabeth 
Published: April 2023

AbstractResearch on proactive and reactive aggression has identified covariates unique to each function of aggression, but hypothesized correlates have often not been tested with consideration of developmental changes in or the overlap between the types of aggression. The present study examines the unique developmental trajectories of proactive and reactive aggression over adolescence and young adulthood and tests these trajectories’ associations with key covariates: callous–unemotional (CU) traits, impulsivity, and internalizing emotions. In a sample of 1,211 justice-involved males (ages 15–22), quadratic growth models (i.e., intercepts, linear slopes, and quadratic slopes) of each type of aggression were regressed onto quadratic growth models of the covariates while controlling for the other type of aggression. After accounting for the level of reactive aggression, the level of proactive aggression was predicted by the level of CU traits. However, change in proactive aggression over time was not related to the change in any covariates. After accounting for proactive aggression, reactive aggression was predicted by impulsivity, both at the initial level and in change over time. Results support that proactive and reactive aggression are unique constructs with separate developmental trajectories and distinct covariates.
Comparison of Disaster Medicine Education in Emergency Medicine Residency and Emergency Medical Services Fellowship in the United States
Authors: Sandifer Sara P. , Wexler Bryan J. , Flamm Avram 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroduction:Disaster Medicine (DM) is defined by Koenig and Shultz as the “disciplines and organizations involved with governmental public health, public and private medical delivery including Emergency Medical Services (EMS), and governmental emergency management.” The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) sets curriculum requirements and standards for Emergency Medicine (EM) residencies and EMS fellowships, which include a limited portion of the DM curriculum topics recommended by the Society of Academic Emergency Medicine (SAEM). The ACGME does not currently approve DM fellowships, as DM is not recognized as a subspecialty by the American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS). This lack of nationally standardized guidelines for DM training leads to variability in disaster-related knowledge and skills, even among physicians trained by ACGME-accredited programs.Study Objective:The objective of this study is to analyze the DM components covered in EM residency and EMS fellowship in the United States and compare those to SAEM DM fellowship curriculum guidelines.Methods:The DM curriculum components of EM residencies and EMS fellowships were evaluated, using the SAEM DM curriculum as a control. Overlapping topics, as well as gaps between the programs, were analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results:Of the DM curriculum components developed by SAEM, EMS fellowship covered 15 of 19 (79%) major curriculum components and 38 of 99 (38%) subtopics, while EM residency covered seven of 19 major curriculum components (37%) and 16 of 99 (16%) subtopics. Together, EM residency and EMS fellowship cover 16 of 19 (84%) major curriculum components and 40 of 99 (40%) subtopics.Conclusion:While EMS fellowship covers a large portion of the DM major curriculum components recommended by SAEM, there are several important DM subtopics that are not covered either in EM residency or EMS fellowship. Furthermore, there is no standardization for the depth and manner that DM topics are addressed in either curriculum. Time constraints in EM residency and EMS fellowship may also prevent extensive review of important DM topics. Disaster Medicine covers a distinct body of knowledge, represented in the curriculum subtopics, that are not covered in either EM residency or EMS fellowship. The development of an ACGME-accredited DM fellowship and recognition of DM as a distinct subspecialty could allow for more effective DM graduate medical education.
Fingerprint of Climate Change on Southern Ocean Carbon Storage
Authors: Wright R. M. , Le Quéré C. , Mayot N. , Olsen A. , Bakker D. C. E. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe Southern Ocean plays a critical role in the uptake, transport, and storage of carbon by the global oceans. It is the ocean's largest sink of CO2, yet it is also among the regions with the lowest storage of anthropogenic carbon. This behavior results from a unique combination of high winds driving the upwelling of deep waters and the subduction and northward transport of surface carbon. Here we isolate the direct effect of increasing anthropogenic CO2 in the atmosphere from the indirect effect of climate variability and climate change on the reorganization of carbon in the Southern Ocean interior using a combination of modeling and observations. We show that the effect of climate variability and climate change on the storage of carbon in the Southern Ocean is nearly as large as the effect of anthropogenic CO2 during the period 1998–2018 compared with the climatology around the year 1995. We identify a distinct climate fingerprint in dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), with elevated DIC concentration in the ocean at 300–600 m that reinforces the anthropogenic CO2 signal, and reduced DIC concentration in the ocean around 2,000 m that offsets the anthropogenic CO2 signal. The fingerprint is strongest at lower latitudes (30°–55°S). This fingerprint could serve to monitor the highly uncertain evolution of carbon within this critical ocean basin, and better identify its drivers.