bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing an Expert System for Ranking Facial Attractiveness Based on Deep Learning and Fuzzy Inference System
Authors: Moridani Mohammad Karimi , Behbahani Soroor , Nejati Foojan ‎ 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective: A wide range of social consequences is attributed to face preferences, from mate choices and decisions about social relationships to hiring decisions, including fashion modeling and marketing issues. This paper aims to design and develop an expert system based on the fuzzy inference system (FIS) for ranking facial attractiveness.
Methods: Firstly, we reviewed the research on facial attractiveness and found that most papers do not use an expert system to rate the facial attractiveness of people. Therefore, this study used a deep learning method using a convolutional neural network (CNN) to recognize attractive faces. Then, with the help of the rules of the fuzzy inference system, an expert model was designed for ranking facial attractiveness.
Results: We demonstrated that the combination of FIS and CNN is highly effective and excellent at ranking facial attractiveness. Our method performs better than other methods we have investigated in a small amount of data. The mean and standard deviation values of sensitivity, specificity, precision, and accuracy of the proposed model for detecting attractive and unattractive faces were 99.46±0.03%, 99.35±0.01%, 98.99±0.02%, and 99.7±0.01%, respectively. In addition, we have obtained a mean prediction accuracy for ranking facial attractiveness as 99.53+0.06%.
Conclusion: We designed an expert ranking system for facial attractiveness to rank different faces according to facial structure features. As a result of our approach, we could also provide a deeper understanding of how FIS and CNN can recognize ranking facial attractiveness.
A quantitative feature extraction method for rotor shaft misalignment based on WNOFRFs
Authors: Haiying Haiying , Zhao Chencheng , Liu Yang , Gao Chunyue , Sbarufattia Claudio , Giglio Marco 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Misalignment is a more commonly encountered malfunction. It generates reaction forces and moments in the coupling and causes the rotor vibrates excessively. Generally, the vibration responses of the shaft misaligned rotor are comprised of nonlinear components. Some widely focused linear feature extraction methods are incapable to extract the key nonlinear information. Nonlinear Output Frequency Response Functions (NOFRFs) weighted contribution rate (WNOFRFs) is a nonlinear feature extraction method developed from NOFRFs, which is a convenient frequency-domain analytical method for nonlinear systems. WNOFRFs have been deeply researched and applied in rotor fault diagnosis. The present research introduces the concept of Kull Back-Leibler (KL) divergence to WNOFRFs to derive an improved nonlinear feature extraction method, the improved WNOFRFs based on KL divergence (INWKL). As a novel indicator extracted by NWKL, KR is denoted and employed to identify rotor shaft misalignment. Dynamic simulation and experimental verification indicate the INWKL method is effective and superior. And KR is more favorable due to its higher sensitivity and comprehensive representation of nonlinear characteristics of rotor shaft misalignment. Moreover, it has strong stability to speed fluctuation and can detect misaligned angles of the rotor system quantitatively.
Evaluation of reconstruction methods and image noise levels concerning visual assessment of simulated liver lesions in 111In-octreotide SPECT imaging
Authors: Wikberg Emma , Essen Martijn van , Rydén Tobias , Svensson Johanna , Gjertsson Peter , Bernhardt Peter 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Early cancer detection is crucial for patients’ survival. The image quality in 111In-octreotide SPECT imaging could be improved by using Monte Carlo (MC)-based reconstruction. The aim of this observational study was to determine the detection rate of simulated liver lesions for MC-based ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM) reconstruction compared to conventional attenuation-corrected OSEM reconstruction.
Methods: Thirty-seven SPECT/ CT examinations with 111In-octreotide were randomly selected. The inclusion criterion was no liver lesions at the time of examination and for the following three years. SPECT images of spheres representing lesions were simulated using MC. The raw data of the spheres were added to the raw data of the established healthy patients in 26 of the examinations, and the remaining 11 examinations were not modified. The images were reconstructed using conventional OSEM reconstruction with attenuation correction and post filtering (fAC OSEM) and MC-based OSEM reconstruction without and with post filtering (MC OSEM and fMC OSEM, respectively). The images were visually and blindly evaluated by a nuclear medicine specialist. The criteria evaluated were liver lesion yes or no, including coordinates if yes, with confidence level 1–3. The percentage of detected lesions and accuracy (percentage of correctly classified cases), as well as tumor-to-normal tissue concentration (TNC) ratios and signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), were evaluated.
Results: The detection rates were 30.8% for fAC OSEM, 42.3% for fMC OSEM, and 50.0% for MC OSEM. The accuracies were 45.9% for fAC OSEM, 45.9% for fMC OSEM, and 54.1% for MC OSEM. The number of false positives was higher for MC OSEM. The observer’s confidence level was higher in filtered images than in unfiltered images. TNC ratios were significantly higher with MC OSEM and fMC OSEM than with AC OSEM, but SNRs were similar due to higher noise with MC OSEM.
Conclusion: One in two lesions were found using MC OSEM versus one in three using conventional reconstruction. TNC ratios were significantly improved using MC-based reconstruction, but the noise levels increased and consequently the confidence level of the observer decreased. For further improvements, image noise needs to be suppressed.
From 1.5ºC to 2.0ºC: the global increase in cooling degree days
Authors: Miranda Nicole , Lizana Jesus , Sparrow Sarah , Zachau-Walker Miriam , Wallom David , Khosla Radhika , McCulloch Malcolm 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This paper shows the impact on global cooling demand of moving from a 1.5ºC to 2.0ºC temperature increase. African countries have the highest increase in cooling requirements. The United Kingdom, Switzerland, and Norway (traditionally unprepared for extreme heat) will suffer the largest relative cooling demand surges.
Chlorophyll-a prediction in tropical reservoirs as a function of hydroclimatic variability and water quality
Authors: Guimarães Bruna Monallize Duarte Moura , Neto Iran Eduardo Lima 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The study goal was to determine spatio-temporal variations in chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration using models that combine hydroclimatic and nutrient variables in 150 tropical reservoirs in Brazil. The investigation of seasonal variability indicated that Chl-a varied in response to changes in total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), volume (V), and daily precipitation (P). Simple linear regression models showed that nutrients yielded better predictability of Chl-a than hydroclimatic variables. Fitted relationships between Chl-a and the above-mentioned parameters resulted in equations capable of representing algal temporal dynamics and blooms, with an average coefficient of determination of R² = 0.70. Chl-a blooms presented seasonal and interannual variability, being more frequent in periods of high precipitation and low volume. The equations demonstrate different Chl-a responses to the parameters. In general, Chl-a was positively related to TN and/or TP. However, in some cases (22%), high nutrient concentrations reduced Chl-a, which was attributed to limited phytoplankton growth driven by light deficiency due to increased turbidity. In 49% of the models, precipitation intensified Chl-a levels, which was related to increases in the nutrient concentration from external sources in rural watersheds. Contrastingly, 51% of the reservoirs faced a decrease in Chl-a with precipitation, which can be explained by the opposite effect of dilution of nutrient concentration at the reservoir inlet in urban watersheds. In terms of volume, in 67% of the reservoirs, water level reduction promoted an increase in Chl-a as a response of higher nutrient concentration. In the other cases, Chl-a decreased with lower water levels due to wind-induced destratification of the water column, which potentially decreased the internal nutrient release from bottom sediment. Finally, an application of the model to the two largest studied reservoirs showed greater sensitivity of Chl-a to changes in water use classes regarding variations in TN, followed by TP, V, and P.
Understanding heterogeneity and building capacity for research in long-term care and geriatric settings: a systematic qualitative review and conceptual mapping framework using mixed methods
Authors: Nguyen Quoc Dinh , Forget Marie-France , Zhang Xi Sophie , Richer Catherine , Podbielski Renata , Gaudreau Pierrette , Desmarais Philippe 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Older adults are underrepresented in research. Heterogeneity of research processes in this population, specifically in long-term care (LTC) and geriatric acute care (GAC), is not well described and may impede the design, planning, and conduct of research.
Objective
Identify, quantify, and map stakeholders, research stages, and transversal themes of research processes, to develop a mapping framework.
Methods
Multicomponent mixed methods study. An environmental scan was used to initiate a preliminary framework. We conducted a systematic literature search on process, barriers, and methods for clinical research in GAC and LTC to extract and update stakeholders, research stages, and themes. Importance and interactions of elements were synthesized via heatmaps by number of articles, mentions, and content intersections.
Results
For our initial framework, we surveyed 24 stakeholders. Of 9277 records, 68 articles were included with 12 stakeholders, 13 research stages, 17 transversal themes (either barriers, facilitators, general themes, or recommendations), and 1868 intersections. Differences in relative importance between LTC and GAC emerged for stakeholders (staff, managers vs. caregivers, ethics committees), and for research stages (funding, facility recruitment vs. ethics, individual recruitment). Crucial themes by stakeholders were collaboration for the research team; communication, trust, and human resources for managers; heterogeneity for patients and residents. A heatmap framework synthesizing vital stakeholders and themes per research stage was generated.
Conclusions
We identified and quantified the interactions between stakeholders, stages, and themes to characterize heterogeneity in LTC and GAC research. Our framework may serve as a blueprint to co-construct and improve each stage of the research process.
Water extract of Frankincense and Myrrh inhibits liver cancer progression and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) through Wnt/β-catenin signaling
Authors: Lu Xian , Mao Jialei , Wang Yaodong , Huang Yonggang , Gu Maolin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling is closely related to epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT), which plays an important role in HCC invasion and metastasis. Frankincense and myrrh (FM) are anti-tumor agents commonly used in clinic. This study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of the water extract of FM on the progression of liver cancer cells.
Methods
Different concentrations of FM were applied to study cell proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. The ability of cell migration and invasion were detected by wound healing test and Transwell assay. Western blot was used to study the related protein levels of EMT and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling. The nuclear translocation of β-catenin was detected by the immunofluorescence assay.
Results
FM at a non-toxic dose significantly inhibited the invasion and metastasis of liver cancer cells. Furthermore, FM promotes EMT marker E-cadherin, while decreasing the expression of Vimentin and N-cadherin. Finally, the protein and the nuclear staining level of DVL2 and β-catenin were both suppressed by water extract of FM.
Conclusion
The water extract of FM inhibited the migration and invasion of liver cancer cells, and blocked the occurrence of EMT via suppressing the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
Driving Factors of Carbon Emissions in G20 Countries: A Weighted Average Structural Decomposition Approach
Authors: Hu Junfeng , Xia Yu , Li Muzi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
As a major part of global development governance, G20 countries ' carbon emissions account for 80 % of global carbon emissions. In order to achieve the "carbon neutrality" goal proposed by the United Nations, it is important to compare and analyze the driving factors of carbon emissions in G20 countries and provide suggestions for their carbon elimination. Based on the carbon emission input-output data of seventeen countries out of G20 in the EORA database, this paper compares the driving factors of carbon emissions between the countries from 1990 to 2016 using the weighted average structural decomposition and K-mean model. This paper focus on four driving factors including carbon emission intensity, final demand structure, export structure and production structure. The carbon emission intensity and final demand structure are the main factors of carbon emission reduction and the other two factors have little effect. In G20 countries, Italy was in the first category because it does best on the final demand structure factor, however Australia is in the last category because it does not make full use of four factors. Therefore, the development of energy-saving technologies and adjustment of demand structure has become an important means for countries to transform and achieve carbon neutrality.
Adapting Connect for Health Pediatric Weight Management Program for Telehealth in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Simione Meg , Aschbrenner Kelly , Farrar-Muir Haley , Luo Man , Granadeno Jazmin , Caballero-Gonzalez Ariadne , Price Sarah , Torres Carlos , Boudreau Alexy Arauz , Fiechtner Lauren , Hambidge Simon , Sease Kerry , Taveras Elsie 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: To address the evolving needs and context changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we adapted Connect for Health, an evidence-based, primary care, pediatric weight management intervention for telehealth. The objective of this study is to describe the systematic process we undertook to make adaptations and the results of stakeholder engagement to inform the adaptations to meet the needs of children and families at risk of poor access to care.
Methods: Guided by adaptation frameworks, we identified the changing healthcare context during implementation due to the pandemic and adapted the program for telehealth. We surveyed parents of children with a BMI ³ 85th percentile and pediatric clinicians and examined their experiences using telehealth for pediatric weight management and needs and preferences. Using multivariable logistic regression, we examined the preferences of parents with limited English proficiency regarding key aspects of pediatric weight management.
Results: We surveyed 200 parents and 43% had a primary language of Spanish. Parents wanted care to be a combination of in-person and virtual visits (80%). We found that parents with limited English proficiency had a higher odds ratio of affirming in-person visits are better than virtual visits for ensuring their child’s health concern can be taken care of (OR: 2.91; 95% CI: 1.36, 6.21), feeling comfortable when discussing personal information (OR: 3.91; 95% CI: 1.82, 8.43), talking about healthy behaviors and setting goals (OR: 3.09; 95% CI: 1.39, 6.90), and talking about mental health and overall well-being (OR: 4.02; 95% CI: 1.83, 8.87) than parents without limited English proficiency. We surveyed 75 clinicians and 60% felt telehealth was a useful tool to provide care for pediatric weight management. Clinicians felt virtual visits did not pose barriers to all aspects of care. We then adapted the core forms of Connect for Health to be used for telehealth and in-person to meet the needs of families at risk for poor access to care.
Conclusions: By engaging stakeholders and adapting the program for telehealth, we optimized the program’s use and future sustainability. We have provided a real-world example of how clinical innovations can evolve and how to systematically plan adaptations.
Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04042493), Registered on August 2, 2019
Intra-Procedural Systemic Hypotension and Bradycardia During Complex Inferior Vena Cava Filter Retrieval: Vasovagal Reaction or Inflow Obstruction
Authors: Garg Tushar , Altun Izzet , Majdalany Bill S. , Nezami Nariman 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Prolonged dwell time of inferior vena cava (IVC) filter has shown to increase the need for the use of complex IVC filter retrieval techniques. Here we report complex retrieval of IVC filter with prolonged dwelling time which was temporarily associated with severe bradycardia and hypotension.
Case Presentation: 59 years old male patient with past medical history of morbid obesity, atrial fibrillation status post ablation, obstructive sleep apnea and end-stage renal disease presented for IVC filter retrieval. When IVC filter was covered by sheaths and IVC was temporarily collapsed/occluded, the patient developed severe bradycardia and hypotension without compensatory tachycardia. Contrast injection through the common femoral vein sheath showed complete occlusion of IVC while IVC filter was covered by both sheaths likely due to embedment of the IVC filter in the wall by extensive fibrinous tissues. IVF filter was successfully retrieved, and the blood pressure and heart rate were improved immediately afterward. A large non occlusive IVC thrombus was identified on the final venogram, which was aspirated using mechanical thrombectomy device.
Conclusion: Complex retrieval of IVC filter with prolonged dwelled time can result in acute severe bradycardia and hypotension due to vasovagal reaction and/or acute collapse/occlusion of IVC in setting of IVC filter adhesion/embedment in the wall by extensive fibrinous tissues.
A novel approach for surface defectdetection of lithium battery based on improved K-Nearest Neighbor and Euclidean clustering segmentation
Authors: Liu Xinhua , Wu Lequn , Guo Xiaoqiang , Andriukaitis Darius , Krolczyk Grzegorz , Li Zhixiong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Surface defects of lithium batteries seriously affect the product quality and may lead to safety risks. In order to accurately identify the surface defects of lithium battery, a novel defect detection approach is proposed based on improved K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and Euclidean clustering segmentation. Firstly, an improved Voxel density strategy for KNN is proposed to speed up the effect for point filtering. Then, the improved clustering segmentation strategy is applied to distinguish point clouds with defect features. The outline fitting algorithm based on least square method is applied to determine geometric features of each surface defects. Furthermore, experimental results show that the proposed surface defect detection method reaches 99.2% accuracy and 35.3ms average time consumption for data processing. Finally, an industrial application example of lithium battery production is demonstrated, which meets the requirements of industrial application.
A validated prognostic nomogram for patients with H3 K27M-mutant diffuse midline glioma
Authors: Peng Youheng , Ren Yanming , huang Bowen , Tang Jun , Jv Yan , Mao Qing , Liu Yanhui , Lei Yinjie , Zhang Yuekang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective
H3 K27M-mutant diffuse midline glioma (H3 K27M-mt DMG) is a rare, highly invasive tumor with a poor prognosis. The prognostic factors of H3 K27M-mt DMG have not been fully identified, and there is no clinical prediction model for it. This study aimed to develop and validate a prognostic model for predicting the probability of survival in patients with H3 K27M-mt DMG.
Methods
Patients diagnosed with H3 K27M-mt DMG in the West China Hospital from January 2016 to August 2021 were included. Cox proportional hazard regression was used for survival assessment, with adjustment for known prognostic factors. The final model was established using the patient data of our center as the training cohort and data from other centers for external independent verification.
Results
One hundred and five patients were ultimately included in the training cohort, and 43 cases from another institution were used as the validation cohort. The factors influencing survival probability in the prediction model included age, preoperative KPS score, radiotherapy and Ki-67 expression level. The adjusted consistency indices of the Cox regression model in internal bootstrap validation at 6, 12, and 18 months were 0.776, 0.766, and 0.764, respectively. The calibration chart showed high consistency between the predicted and observed results. The discrimination in external verification was 0.785, and the calibration curve showed good calibration ability.
Conclusions
We identified the risk factors that affect the prognosis of H3 K27M-mt DMG patients and then established and validated a diagnostic model for predicting the survival probability of these patients.