bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
21ST CENTURY TEACHER’S TRANSVERSAL COMPETENCIES: THEORETICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Tkachenko Nataliia , Kovalchuk Vasyl , Wenjing Yuan 
Published: July 2023

In the current situation, a significant part of the existing models of training specialists in the field of education no longer meet the conditions of the labour market. The most important pedagogical skills in the present time are significantly different from the skills that were relevant until recently. Knowledge is still important, but modern teachers also need to have transversal competencies to succeed in their professional activities. So, the research aim is to study the content of the phenomenon “transversal competences”, which will make the process of their forming more effective. To achieve the aim the scientific literature and pedagogical practice was analysed. It was found out that transversal competences are transferable and reusable skills that can be applied in a wide variety of situations and work settings. Transversal competencies are considered as 21st century skills and correlate mostly with human ability to solve problems, related to technological advances and intercultural communication.The analysis of the sources revealed the inconsistency in the use of terms denoting the studied concept and considerable diversity in defining the content of transversal competencies, as different sources distinguish different sets of skills. Based on the framework of transversal competences worked out by UNESCO the modern teacher’s transversal competencies were characterized in six domains: 1) critical and innovative thinking, 2) interpersonal skills, 3) intrapersonal skills, 4) global citizenship, 5) media and information literacy, and 6) others.
THE REALISATION OF CHILDREN’S RIGHT TO PARTICIPATION IN COMMUNITY CHILDREN’S CARE HOMES
Authors: Raudeliūnaitė Rita , Gudžinskienė Vida 
Published: July 2023

The article reveals the findings of a qualitative study the aim of which was to identify the realities of the realisation of the children’s right to participation in the community children’s care home (hereinafter referred to as CCCH). Research questions of the study: What are real possibilities for children to realise their right to participate in the decision taking in CCCH? How are children involved in decision taking? Nine social workers, working in CCCHs in different locations in Lithuania, participated in the study.The study revealed that to realise the child’s right for participation a positive attitude of an employee towards child’s participation. The positive attitude of an employee should be linked to a child-centre approach, which includes attentiveness to every child, openness to the child’s experience, opinion, non-dominance of an adult and the acknowledgement of the child being the expert of his situation. To realise the child’s right for participation establishment and maintenance of positive relationships with the child by employees which is linked to a respectful communication with the child, trust in the child and the child’s trust in the employee. It is also important to provide the child with information regarding his right for participation by informing that employees are ready to listen to him and that he has a right to express his opinion on different topics regarding himself. Another important aspect of the realisation of the child’s right for participation is cooperation with the child which is expressed through the provision of information in the manner which is understandable to the child, his empowerment to participate when taking decisions, listening to his opinion, taking into consideration his opinion, in order to ensure his best interests, the analysis of situations and discussions with children when taking decisions, assistance, but not substitutionary help when the child takes decisions. The study revealed that CCCHs create conditions for the child’s right for participation to be realised in his daily activity which is expressed the child’s participation when drawing up CCCH’s rules and adhering to them, planning and organising his leisure time, the child’s involvement in the creation and maintenance of personal and common spaces, daily choruses.
MEASURES MOTIVATING TEACHERS: A STUDY IN VILNIUS CITY MUNICIPALITY
Authors: Zibeniene Gintaute , Zemaitaityte Irena , Gudelis Dangis , Stasiukynas Andrius 
Published: July 2023

Recently, there has been significant conversation surrounding the issue of a lack of teachers and the difficulties in retaining them. One question being asked is how to make teaching positions more appealing in order to attract educators. This is a concern in multiple countries, specifically in Lithuania, where there is a lack of educators in schools, and a higher proportion of older teachers compared to the European average (per Eurostat data). Although Lithuanian municipalities pay a monthly bonus of €300-500 in the first year and provide housing benefits to attract teachers, these measures do not sufficiently motivate teachers.The aim of this paper is tohighlight the measures that motivate teachers to work as teachersin relation tothe recognition of teachers' competence, communication and cooperation. The authors of the article conducted a study to find out what motivates teachers to do pedagogical work (Stasiukynas, Zemaitaityte, Gudelis, Zibeniene, 2020). The paper presents results of the part of this large study, which involved 873 teachers. In April and May of 2020, a survey of teachers in the city of Vilnius was conducted using the online survey platform Qualtrics. The research adhered to principles of ethical scientific conduct. Participants were given the freedom to participate and withdraw at any time, were informed of the study's purpose, data usage, and their anonymity was protected. The researchers also committed to upholding ethical standards and safeguarding participants from any potential harm. The survey data analysis showed that teachers considered working collaboratively with their peers within the educational institution as a crucial factor in motivating them in their teaching roles.Leisure time with colleagues in joint outings outside the educational institution and the opportunity to meet colleagues from different countries to share good practices were also highly rated by respondents. Reducing the administrative burden on teachers and protecting and safeguarding teachers' rights were also highlighted as important motivational factors. In order to retain already working teachers and attract new ones, teachers expressed the expectation that confidence in teachers' opinions and professional competence would be increased.
Effect of Grafting Nano-TiO2 on Sansevieria cylindrica Fiber Properties
Authors: Wiguna Chrisrulita Sekaradi , Suryanto Heru , Aminnudin Aminnudin , Binoj Joseph Selvi , Ali Alamry 
Published: July 2023

Natural fibers, which are abundant, environmentally friendly, and biodegradable, are used as a replacement for synthetic fibers. The composite strength can be increased by treating the surfaces of natural fibers with suitable chemicals, which can also improve the interface interaction between fiber and matrix. Application of a coupling agent in chemical treatment is utilized to reinforce the bonding between fiber and matrix. The objective of the study is to determine the influence of silane concentration on the Sansevieria cylindrica fiber properties. The methods included fibers treatment using ethanol and coupling agent as dissolving and TiO2 with concentrations of 0 percent, 0.25 percent, 0.5 percent, 0.75 percent, and 1 percent. The mechanical strength testing was conducted through a single fiber test. Fiber morphology was observed using an electron microscope. FTIR analyzes the change in fiber chemical composition caused by TiO2 addition. As a result, the morphology of S. cylindrica fibers became rougher and showed a rougher surface after a silane concentration of 1 percent, but with the proper concentration, some fiber surfaces provided a good interface. Ti-O bonds are formed at a wavelength of 475 cm-1. The shift in a peak at 400–500 cm-1 indicates Ti-O-Ti group stretching vibrations believed to have originated from TiO2 particles. The mechanical strength increases as the concentration of TiO2 increases, with the highest fiber strength of 284.66 MPa observed at a TiO2 concentration of 1 percent. This represents a 26 percent higher tensile strength compared to the control specimen.
Review on anti-cancer herbal drugs
Authors: Tiware Shital , Warghane Komal Khond , Makde Prasad , Yeskar Harshal 
Published: July 2023

One of the most important health issues facing humanity, cancer is a scary disease that demands a proactive approach to treatment. Plants, a source of novel chemical entities and a promising topic for cancer research. Despite its success, chemotherapy has so far had some unfavourable side effects. However, the use of plants and products generated from them is revolutionising the field as a simple, secure, cost-effective, time-saving, environmentally friendly, and less hazardous alternative to traditional treatment procedures. Phytochemicals have selective activities that are targeted towards tumour cells. The complex process known as carcinogenesis involves a number of signalling cascades. Phytochemicals are thought to be attractive prospects for the development of new therapeutics because of their pleiotropic effects on the target event in a number of ways."Researchers are looking at which of these phytochemicals might be possibilities for inhibiting or reducing the growth of cancer cells without causing any unfavourable side effects. There are a lot of phytochemicals and the analogues they were made from that have been identified as potential anticancer therapeutic possibilities. An effort has been made to highlight the most recent developments and noteworthy accomplishments in phytomolecule-based cancer therapies that target nuclear and cellular components through this succinct overview.
Characterization and Disease Severity of Pathogenic Microbes on 20 Red Chili Genotypes
Authors: Pamekas Tunjung , Ganefianti Dwi Wahyuni , Destinawati Nelly 
Published: July 2023

Pathogenic microbes are the limiting factor in increasing red chili productivity. These pathogens cause decreasing yield of red chili up to 50-100%. This research aimed to characterize and evaluate disease severity on 20 red chili genotypes caused by pathogenic microbes. The research was arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The samples were 20 chili genotypes, namely UNIB K01, UNIB CGTS1, G35, G48, G56, G60, G67, G77, and G43 (developed by the University of Bengkulu researchers) and IPB C19, COPAY, IPB C495, IPB C14, DORSET NAGA, IPB C4, IPB PANJANG, LOKAL BENGKULU, SELOKA, SSP, and ANIES (developed by others). The results showed that four groups of pathogens attacked red chili, namely Fusarium oxysporum, which causes fusarium wilt disease; Cercospora sp., the cause of leaf spot disease; Colletotrichum sp. causes anthracnose; and virus groups. All tested red chili genotypes could be infected by these four pathogens in which the incubation period, disease incidence, and disease severity were insignificant. Of the nine genotypes developed by the University of Bengkulu researchers, the G35 genotype had the best potency to be developed as a disease-resistant genotype.

Keywords: Cercospora sp, Colletotrichum sp, Fusarium s, virus
Efektivitas Kapal KM Camara Nusantara dalam Pelayanan Angkutan Ternak
Authors: Hidayati Laili Fithri , Nahrowi  , Abdullah Luki 
Published: July 2023

In 2021, the realization of livestock transported by KM Camara Nusantara livestock ships only reached 67.73%, with the realization of shipping at 78.74%. Based on these conditions, this study aims to measure the effectiveness of implementing livestock ships and the factors that affect them. The method used was to calculate the weight of factors considered to affect using the Analytical Hierarchy Process. Data were obtained from questionnaires, interviews, and literature reviews. Respondents were stakeholders and users of livestock transportation vessel services, which include the NTB and NTT Provincial Livestock Offices, Bima Regency Livestock Office, the Ministry of Transportation, shipping operators, and business actors. The results are priority weights on benefit criteria (0.2648), number of livestock (0.2578), regulation (0.1716), and route (0.1541). Meanwhile, priority weights on the subcriteria of the number of livestock transported (0.2224), availability (0.1064), price disparity (0.0889), mileage (0.0677), and transportation socialization (0.0667). Based on the calculation of the weight of criteria and subcriteria, the effectiveness of implementing KM Camara Nusantara livestock vessels reached 78%, which is at the level of achievement that is quite effective. In general, to improve the effectiveness of KM Camara Nusantara livestock transport ship services, factors that need to get priority are the availability of transported livestock, the achievement of benefits, and supporting regulations. The subfactors that need priority are the number of livestock transported, availability, price disparity, mileage, and transportation socialization.
Keywords: AHP, Camara Nusantara, cattle ships, Sea Highway
Jenis dan Konsentrasi Tanah Pengelantang untuk Menurunkan Prekursor Senyawa 3-MCPDE dan GE pada Pemucatan CPO
Authors: Kartika Sari  , Nur Wulandari  , Azis Boing Sitanggang  , Nuri Andarwulan  
Published: July 2023

Refined palm oil contains contaminants such as 3-monochloropropane diol ester (3-MCPDE) and glycidyl ester (GE) which are formed from diacylglycerol (DAG) and chloride (Cl) as precursors during processing. There is a need to control the levels of precursors especially during the bleaching stage using selected bleaching earth (BE). Reducing the number of precursors after the bleaching stage will minimize the formation of 3-MCPDE and GE in bleached palm oil (BPO) for the next refinery stage. The research consisted of three stages: (1) characterization of raw materials consisting of CPO, BE types 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5; (2) study on the effect of BE type; and (3) study on the concentration effect of selected BE for reducing DAG and Cl by chemical analysis of oil quality. The results showed that degummed palm oil (DPO) contained DAG of 6.70%, free fatty acid 5.66%, carotene 424.31 mg/kg, P 20.30 mg/kg, and Fe <0.021 mg/kg. The five types of BE have different physicochemical properties on which the effect will be seen on BPO. The second stage results showed that BE-4 was selected as the most potential BE. Using BE-4 of 2.5% was proven to reduce total Cl as 3-MCPDE precursors in the resulted BPO sample. The Cl level decreased to 3.05 mg/kg with the largest decrease percentage of 55.80% compared to DPO sample. BE-4 concentration of 2.5% has been able to withstand and prevent the increase of DAG as a precursor to GE contaminants during bleaching process.

Keywords: 3-monokloropropanadiol ester, chloride, diacylglycerol, glycidyl ester, palm oil
Bioaktivitas Usnea barbata (L.) F.H. Wigg sebagai Insektisida Nabati Coptotermes curvignathus (Holmgren)
Authors: Helmiyetti Helmiyetti , Supriati Rochmah , Wibowo Risky Hadi , Lestari Dian Fita , Maryana Leni 
Published: July 2023

The subterranean termite Coptotermes curvignathus is a type of insect that damages wood until it is porous and destroyed. Until now, termites are chemically controlled but negatively impact the environment, so bioinsecticides such as from Usnea barbata lichen are needed. This study aims to determine the bioactivity of U extract. Barbata as a bioinsecticide for subterranean termites C. curvignathus. The experiment used Completely Randomizd Design with 7 treatments (concentrations of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and Termicon) and 3 replicates. The extract was prepared from 300 g of U barbata powder, macerated in 7 days in 96% ethanol in a ratio of 1:10 (300 g/3 L). Mortality and feed weight loss were observed for 7 days. The extracts contained alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, saponins, and tannins. The phytochemicals were analyzed descriptively, and a lethal concentration value of 50% (LC50) was determined by probit analysis. Data on termite mortality percentage and feed loss percentage were analyzed using ANOVA at a 5% confidence level. If the Fcalct > Ftable, Duncan's further test was carried out. The results showed that the extract contained alkaloids, steroids, tannins, and saponins. The mortality of subterranean termites was indicated by an LC value of 50-72 hours of 19.32%. Statistically, U. barbata extract affected mortality but did not differ significantly in the feed weight loss of C. curvignathus subterranean termites.

Keywords: bioactivity, Coptotermes curvignathus, insecticide, Usnea barbata
Perbedaan Jumlah Mata Tunas per Stek dan Populasi pada Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Bibit setelah Panen Ubi Kayu
Authors: Sutrisno Sutrisno , Noerwijati Kartika , Baliadi Yuliantoro , Wahyuningsih Sri , Taufiq Abdullah 
Published: July 2023

Limitations of cuttings become an essential problem in the expansion of cassava plantations. One strategy that can be taken is to reduce the length of the cuttings and increase the plant population to increase the area planted and produce more stems per unit area for the next growing season. This study aimed to determine the effect of cutting length and plant population per hectare on the growth and production of cassava stems. The research was carried out at the Jambegede Agricultural Technology Research and Assessment Installation in February–December 2020. The treatment consisted of two factors, namely three levels of cutting length (2, 4, and 10 buds/cutting) and three levels of the population (10,000, 30,000, and 40,000 plants/ha). The experiment used the Malang-4 variety and was applied to a completely randomized split-plot experimental design of three groups with the population as the main plot and the number of buds as sub-plots. The results showed that the number of buds/cutting increased the number of growing plants, one and three-month plant height, the number of viable stems, the length of unfit stems for seedlings, and decreased the percentage of dead plants. On the other hand, plant population/ha increases the percentage of dead plants, stem length unsuitable for seeds, and number of stems suitable for seeds. The interaction between the number of buds/cutting and the population was seen in the diameter of the three-month-old stems, the number of stems unsuitable for seedlings, the number of plants grown, the number of dead plants, and the number of plants harvested.

Keywords: cassava, length of cuttings, number of buds, plant population, stem production
Penapisan dan Karakterisasi Amilase dari Bakteri Asal Ekoenzim
Authors: Ningtyas Ninda , Mubarik Nisa Rachmania , Rahayuningsih Mulyorini 
Published: July 2023

Eco-enzymes are one of the potential sources for obtaining amylolytic bacterial isolates. The study aims to screen amylolytic bacteria from eco-enzymes, characterize semi-purification amylase, and identify amylolytic bacteria molecularly using the 16S rRNA gene. Screening for amylolytic bacteria was carried out by measuring the amylolytic index on a Nutrient agar medium containing 1% tapioca starch. The amylolytic isolate which had the highest index and was non-pathogenic was selected for the amylase characterization process. Testing of amylase activity was carried out using the Bernfeld method while the protein enzymes were measured using the Bradford method. The extracellular extract was concentrated using ammonium sulfate precipitation. PKL2 is gram-positive bacteria that was derived from eco-enzymes with the highest amylolytic indexes of 1.77, which were not pathogenic on the blood agar test. Optimum amylase was produced by PKL2 at the stationary phase at 21 h. The optimum pH and temperature of the amylase activity were observed to be 7.0 and 50°C, respectively. The amylase enzyme from PKL2 increased its purity 1.82-fold upon precipitation of ammonium sulfate at a concentration of 60%. Identification of bacteria based on molecular identification showed that PKL2 obtained was putatively identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.

Keywords: Amylase activity, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, eco-enzyme, optimum pH
Kepadatan dan Preferensi Habitat Kerang Pokea di Muara Sungai Laeya, Sulawesi Tenggara
Authors: Bahtiar Bahtiar , Ishak Ermayanti , Fekri Latifa 
Published: July 2023

Freshwater clams or also known as pokes in tribal languange is clams to Sulawesi which posses high market value. However, their density and habitat preferences in Laeya River Estuary is currently unknown. This study aims to determine the density and habitat preferences of pokea clams in the Laeya River, Southeast Sulawesi. This research was conducted for 1 year from March 2016-February 2017. Pokea samples were taken every month in three stations using tangge (traditional fishing gear) with a total sample size of 2908 individuals. The density of pokea clam was analyzed using Mann Whitney test. Habitat preferences were analyzed by correspondence analysis using XLstat. The study showed that the density of pokea clams in 3 stations were similar. The clam density at stations I, II, and III were 85,47±66,44, 97,03± 81,70, and 59,84±82,31, respectively. The highest density was found during April-July 2016 with the peak density in May 2016 with a value of 268,78±29,23. The lowest density occurred during September 2016-February 2017. The lowest density was found in December 2016 with a value of 15,12±7,08. The density of pokea clams in the Laeya River was influenced by TDS. Pokea clams prefer habitats with deeper water and low brightness caused by organic matter and high TOM.

Keywords: clam, Indonesia, pokea, preference, Sulawesi
Potensi Ekstrak Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera) sebagai Agen Priming pada Performa Perkecambahan Biji Bawang Merah
Authors: Mantja Katriani , Syam'un Elkawakib , Faried Muhammad 
Published: July 2023

Moringa leaf extract is a biostimulant containing various phytohormones that can spur plant growth and development. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of Moringa leaf extract as a priming agent on the germination performance of shallot seeds. The experiment began with leaf extract preparation, seed priming, and germination testing. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA, and if there was a significant effect, further tested with the BNJ test with α = 0.05. The data were processed using RStudio software version 4.2.1. The results stated that seed priming with leaf extract concentration of 37.5% had the best effect on all germination parameters, including average germination time (2.19 days), final germination percentage (96.53%), seed germination uniformity (95.83%), germination velocity coefficient (45.85), germination rate index (50.48%/day), sprout vigor index I (790.58), sprout vigor index II (31.30), plumula length (6.53 cm), radicle length (1.66 cm), sprout fresh weight (0.32 g), and sprout dry weight (0.0233 g). It was concluded that Moringa leaf extract has the potential as a priming agent for shallot seeds.

Keywords: botanical seed, moringa leaf, priming, shallot