bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical deterioration following arterial switch surgery due to extensive aortopulmonary collaterals, unusual condition but worth considering: case report
Authors: Abdelmohsen Gaser , AlKhushi Naif , Alassiri Abdullah , Al-Radi Osman 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The occurrence of major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCAs) is infrequent in patients with D-transposition of great arteries (D-TGA) with intact ventricular septum (IVS). Hemodynamically significant MAPCAs may complicate the postoperative course of these patients after arterial switch operation (ASO).

Case presentation
We present a rare case of neonatal D-TGA-IVS associated with extensive MAPCAs. After the ASO, the patient developed pulmonary hemorrhage, chest wall edema, and deterioration of lung compliance with the need for high-frequency ventilation (HFV). The patient also had a significant capillary leak with skin edema, high chest tube drainage, and high peritoneal drainage. Cardiac catheterization revealed extensive MAPCAs supplying the whole lung segments. After the catheter closure of most of these MAPCAs, the patient had clinical improvement.

Conclusions
Although the occurrence of MAPCAs with D-TGA-IVS is infrequent, clinicians should suspect their presence in cases with unexplained heart failure, pulmonary hemorrhage, or cardiovascular compromise after ASO. Catheter closure of MAPCAs is feasible with an acceptable short-term outcome.
Incentivizing COVID-19 Vaccination in a Polarized and Partisan United States
Authors: Algara Carlos , Simmons Daniel J. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Context: As COVID-19 vaccines were rolled out in early 2021, governments at all levels in the United States experienced significant difficulty in consistently and efficiently administering injections in the face of vaccination resistance among a public increasingly politically polarized on vaccination preferences before the beginning of mass vaccinations.
Methods: Using an original conjoint experiment fielded to a nationally representative sample before the mass proliferation of COVID-19 vaccines, the authors examined how different incentives (e.g., employer mandates, state-organized or health care provider–organized vaccination clinics, and financial incentives) affect the public's preference to get vaccinated. They also tested how financial incentive preferences correlated with self-reported vaccination intention using observational data from the June 2021 Kaiser Family Foundation Health Tracking Poll.
Findings: The authors found financial incentives positively influenced vaccine preferences among the mass public and all partisan groups, including Republicans who were initially “unlikely” to be vaccinated. The authors used the observational data to replicate their experimental findings, showing positive financial incentive attitudes positively correlated with self-reported vaccination disclosures.
Conclusions: These results provide support for direct financial incentives, rather than other incentives, as being a valuable tool for policy makers tasked with alleviating vaccination resistance among a US mass public increasingly polarized along partisan lines.
Overexpression screen of chromosome 21 genes reveals modulators of Sonic hedgehog signaling relevant to Down syndrome
Authors: Moyer Anna J. , Fernandez Fabian-Xosé , Li Yicong , Klinedinst Donna K. , Florea Liliana D. , Kazuki Yasuhiro , Oshimura Mitsuo , Reeves Roger H. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTTrisomy 21 and mutations in the Sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway cause overlapping and pleiotropic phenotypes including cerebellar hypoplasia, craniofacial abnormalities, congenital heart defects and Hirschsprung disease. Trisomic cells derived from individuals with Down syndrome possess deficits in SHH signaling, suggesting that overexpression of human chromosome 21 genes may contribute to SHH-associated phenotypes by disrupting normal SHH signaling during development. However, chromosome 21 does not encode any known components of the canonical SHH pathway. Here, we sought to identify chromosome 21 genes that modulate SHH signaling by overexpressing 163 chromosome 21 cDNAs in a series of SHH-responsive mouse cell lines. We confirmed overexpression of trisomic candidate genes using RNA sequencing in the cerebella of Ts65Dn and TcMAC21 mice, model systems for Down syndrome. Our findings indicate that some human chromosome 21 genes, including DYRK1A, upregulate SHH signaling, whereas others, such as HMGN1, inhibit SHH signaling. Individual overexpression of four genes (B3GALT5, ETS2, HMGN1 and MIS18A) inhibits the SHH-dependent proliferation of primary granule cell precursors. Our study prioritizes dosage-sensitive chromosome 21 genes for future mechanistic studies. Identification of the genes that modulate SHH signaling may suggest new therapeutic avenues for ameliorating Down syndrome phenotypes.
Pierwsze stanowisko Stereocaulon pileatum Ach. (Stereocaulaceae, Ascomycotina Licheniasti) na niżu polskim
Authors: Fałtynowicz Wiesław , Wierzchołek Emilia 
Published: March 2023

A new locality of rare lichen species, Stereocaulon pileatum, in the Wielkopolska region was found in 2017 in the vicinity of Wieruszów city. The lichen grew massively on small melaphyre stones on the railway embankment over a lenght of almost 2 kilometers. The optimal habitat conditions are confirmed not only by the mass occurrence, but also by the good health of the thallus and the presence of numerous fruiting bodies. It is a species known in Poland from only 15 sites in the mountains. It is under strict legal protection and having the EN category in the “Red List of Polish Lichens”.
Bayesian Contextual Choices Under Imperfect Perception of Attributes
Authors: He Junnan 
Published: March 2023

Classic theories show that choices can be represented by a stable utility function when they satisfy consistency axioms, such as transitivity and the independence of irrelevant alternatives. Empirical choice data, however, display several contextual choice effects that violate these axioms. We study a choice model with a fixed underlying utility function and explain contextual choices with a novel type of information friction: the agent’s perception of the options is affected by attribute-specific uncertainty. Under this friction, the agent learns useful information when the agent sees more options. Therefore, the agent chooses contextually, exhibiting intransitivity, joint–separate evaluation reversal, the compromise effect, the phantom decoy effect, the attraction effect, and the similarity effect. Because the uncertainty is attribute-specific and common across alternatives, the classic axioms hold when the alternatives dominate one another in attributes. This paper was accepted by Dmitri Kuksov, marketing.
Exploring Caregiver Perceptions of Post-High School Employment Experiences Among Young Adults With Down Syndrome
Authors: Channell Marie Moore , Loveall Susan J. , Burke Meghan M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This qualitative study explored employment experiences and perceived satisfaction of young adults with Down syndrome (DS) who recently exited high school, as reported by their caregivers (n = 101). We analyzed caregivers' open-ended responses about their young adults' type of employment (n = 52 were employed) and identified themes associated with reported satisfaction (for both employed and unemployed). Natural supports were key to caregiver satisfaction; few opportunities for paid, community-based employment and long waiting lists for formal services were related to caregiver dissatisfaction. Job fit (e.g., hours, responsibilities, location), socialization opportunities, and independence were related to caregiver and perceived young adult (dis)satisfaction. These findings highlight unmet service needs, including assistance with finding a job that is the right fit for the individual with DS.
Individual and collective contribution of antenatal psychosocial distress conditions and preterm birth in Pakistani women
Authors: Lalani Sharifa , Premji Shahirose Sadrudin , Shaikh Kiran , Sulaiman Salima , Yim Ilona S. , Forcheh Ntonghanwah , Babar Neelofur , Nausheen Sidrah , Letourneau Nicole ,   the Maternal-infant Global Health Team (MiGHT) Collaborators in Research
Published: March 2023

BackgroundWe determined whether dimensions of psychosocial distress during pregnancy individually and collectively predicted preterm birth (PTB) in Pakistani women as it may be misleading to extrapolate results from literature predominantly conducted in high-income countries.MethodsThis cohort study included 1603 women recruited from four Aga Khan Hospital for Women and Children in Sindh, Pakistan. The primary binary outcome of PTB (i.e., livebirth before 37 completed weeks’ gestation) was regressed on self-reported symptoms of anxiety (Pregnancy-Related Anxiety (PRA) Scale and Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Form Y-1), depression (Edinburgh Perinatal Depression Scale (EPDS)), and covariates such as chronic stress (Perceived Stress Scale) assessed with standardized question and scales with established language equivalency (Sindhi and Urdu).ResultsAll 1603 births occurred between 24 and 43 completed weeks’ gestation. PRA was a stronger predictor of PTB than other types of antenatal psychosocial distress conditions. Chronic stress had no effect on the strength of association between PRA and PTB and a slight but non-significant effect on depression. A planned pregnancy significantly lowered risk of PTB among women who experienced PRA. Aggregate antenatal psychosocial distress did not improve model prediction over PRA.ConclusionsLike studies in high-income countries, PRA became a strong predictor of PTB when considering interactive effects of whether the current pregnancy was planned. Women’s resilience and abilities to make sexual and reproductive health decisions are important to integrate in future research. Findings should be generalized with caution as socio-cultural context is a likely effect modifier. We did not consider protective/strength-oriented factors, such as resilience among women.
The RoboCOS Study: Development of an international core outcome set for the comprehensive evaluation of patient, surgeon, organisational and population level impacts of robotic assisted surgery
Authors: Robertson Clare , Shaikh Shafaque , Hudson Jemma , Roberts Patrick Garfjeld , Beard David , Mackie Terry , Matthew Cameron , Ramsay Craig , Gillies Katie , Campbell Marion 
Published: March 2023

Background
The introduction of robot-assisted surgery is costly and requires whole system transformation, which makes the assessment of benefits (or drawbacks) complex. To date, there has been little agreement on which outcomes should be used in this regard. The aim of the RoboCOS study was to develop a core outcome set for the evaluation of robot-assisted surgery that would account for its impact on the whole system.

Methods
Identification of a long-list of potentially relevant outcomes through systematic review of trials and health technology assessments; interviews with individuals from a range of stakeholder groups (surgeons, service managers, policy makers and evaluators) and a focus group with patients and public; prioritisation of outcomes via a 2-round online international Delphi survey; consensus meeting.

Results
721 outcomes were extracted from the systematic reviews, interviews and focus group which were conceptualised into 83 different outcome domains across four distinct levels (patient, surgeon, organisation and population) for inclusion in the international Delphi prioritisation survey (128 completed both rounds). The consensus meeting led to the agreement of a 10-item core outcome set including outcomes at: patient level (treatment effectiveness; overall quality of life; disease-specific quality of life; complications (including mortality); surgeon level (precision/accuracy; visualisation); organisation (equipment failure; standardisation of operative quality; cost-effectiveness); and population (equity of access).

Conclusion
The RoboCOS core outcome set, which includes the outcomes of importance to all stakeholders, is recommended for use in all future evaluations of robot-assisted surgery to ensure relevant and comparable reporting of outcomes.
Effect of ischemic compressions versus extracorporeal shockwave therapy on myofascial trigger points: A protocol of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Nahomi Kuroda Melissa , Thomaz de Aquino Nava Guilherme , Baldini Prudencio Caroline , Affonso Paulo Daiane , Peixouto Isadora , Yoshi Moroshima Maiki , de Almeida Lourenço Mariana , Nogueira da Silva Caroline , Mércia Pascon Barbosa Angélica , Rodrigues Pedroni Cristiane 
Published: March 2023

Introduction
The myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) are hyperirritable nodules present in a tight muscle band. Among the symptoms, pain is one of the most common, but the individuals may have other sensory, motor, and autonomic changes. Athletes can have MTrPs more intensely due to the high physical and emotional demand. There are a variety of treatments, but not all have strong or moderate evidence of their effectiveness. Thus, the aim of this study is to compare the effects of ischemic compression (IC) and extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) on pressure pain threshold immediately after the intervention and after 48h.

Methods
This randomized clinical trial was registered in the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trial (RBR-6wryhb9) and was approved by the Research Ethics Committee (CAAE 46682921.9.0000.5406). Forty participants will be randomized to receive IC or ESWT treatment once in each MTrPs. The protocol will consist of evaluations before (T0), immediate after (T1), and after forty-eight hours (T2) of the intervention. The primary outcome will be pressure pain threshold and the secondary outcomes will be jump height, muscle strength, dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM), the correlation between MTrPs and temperature and participant’s satisfaction.

Conclusions
The IC and ESWT have been shown to be efficient in decreasing pain, however, the studies that compare the efficiency of these two treatments are limited in the literature, mainly in the muscles of the lower limbs, which are of great importance and are commonly injured. This study will provide evidence of the IC and ESWT in the triceps surae muscles, assisting in a better treatment for the individual with MTrPs.
Acute chest syndrome, airway inflammation and lung function in sickle cell disease
Authors: De Aliva , Williams Sanford , Yao Yujing , Jin Zhezhen , Brittenham Gary M. , Kattan Meyer , Lovinsky-Desir Stephanie , Lee Margaret T. 
Published: March 2023

Background
Acute chest syndrome (ACS) is an acute complication in SCD but its effects on lung function are not well understood. Inflammation is a key component of SCD pathophysiology but with an unclear association with lung function. We hypothesized that children with ACS had worse lung function than children without ACS and aimed to investigate the association of lung function deficits with inflammatory cytokines.

Methods
Patients enrolled in a previous 2-year randomized clinical trial who had consented to future data use, were enrolled for the present exploratory study. Patients were categorized into ACS and non-ACS groups. Demographic and clinical information were collected. Serum samples were used for quantification of serum cytokines and leukotriene B4 levels and pulmonary function tests (PFTs) were assessed.

Results
Children with ACS had lower total lung capacity (TLC) at baseline and at 2 years, with a significant decline in forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1) and mid-maximal expiratory flow rate (FEF25-75%) in the 2 year period (p = 0.015 and p = 0.039 respectively). For children with ACS, serum cytokines IL-5, and IL-13 were higher at baseline and at 2 years compared to children with no ACS. IP-10 and IL-6 were negatively correlated with PFT markers. In multivariable regression using generalized estimating equation approach for factors predicting lung function, age was significantly associated FEV1 (p = 0.047) and ratio of FEV1 and forced vital capacity (FVC)- FEV1/FVC ratio (p = 0.006); males had lower FEV1/FVC (p = 0.035) and higher TLC (p = 0.031). Asthma status was associated with FEV1 (p = 0.017) and FVC (p = 0.022); history of ACS was significantly associated with TLC (p = 0.027).

Conclusion
Pulmonary function abnormalities were more common and inflammatory markers were elevated in patients with ACS, compared with those without ACS. These findings suggest airway inflammation is present in children with SCD and ACS, which could be contributing to impaired pulmonary function.
Low pre-ART CD4 count is associated with increased risk of clinical progression or death even after reaching 500 CD4 cells/μL on ART
Authors: Pantazis Nikos , Paparizos Vasilios , Papastamopoulos Vasilios , Metallidis Simeon , Antoniadou Anastasia , Adamis Georgios , Psichgiou Mina , Chini Maria , Sambatakou Helen , Chrysos Georgios , Sipsas Nikolaos V. , Gogos Charalambos , Barbunakis Emmanouil , Panagopoulos Periklis , Katsarou Olga , Touloumi Giota ,   on behalf of the Athens Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (AMACS)
Published: March 2023

Introduction
Clinical disadvantages of initiating ART at low CD4 counts have been clearly demonstrated but whether any excess risk remains even after reaching relatively high/safe CD4 levels remains unclear. We explore whether individuals starting ART with <500 CD4 cells/μL who increased their CD4 count above this level, have, from this point onwards, similar risk of clinical progression to serious AIDS/non-AIDS events or death with individuals starting ART with ≥500 CD4 cells/μL.

Methods
Data were derived from a multicenter cohort (AMACS). Adults, starting PI, NNRTI or INSTI based ART, in or after 2000 were eligible, provided they started ART with ≥500 (“High CD4”) or started with CD4 <500 cells/μL but surpassed this threshold while on ART (“Low CD4”). Baseline was the date of ART initiation (“High CD4”) or of first reaching 500 CD4 cells/μL (“Low CD4”). Survival analysis, allowing for competing risks, was used to explore the risk of progression to study’s endpoints.

Results
The study included 694 persons in the “High CD4” and 3,306 in the “Low CD4” group. Median (IQR) follow-up was 66 (36, 106) months. In total, 257 events (40 AIDS related, 217 SNAEs) were observed. Rates of progression did not differ significantly between the two groups but the subgroup of those initiating ART with <200 CD4 cells/μL had significantly higher risk of progression after baseline, compared to those in the “High CD4” group.

Conclusions
Individuals starting ART with <200 cells/μL remain on increased risk even after reaching 500 CD4 cells/μL. These patients should be closely followed.
Sex specific serum uric acid levels are associated with ischemic changes on ECG and with 20-year all-cause mortality among older adults
Authors: Moshkovits Yonatan , Goldman Adam , Chetrit Angela , Dankner Rachel 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundUric acid is an emerging biomarker for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, but its association with all-cause mortality and ECG findings remains unestablished, specifically among older adults. We aimed to evaluate the association between serum uric acid (SUA) with incidental findings of ECG abnormalities and with long-term all-cause mortality.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study of 851 community dwelling men and women, who were examined between 1999 and 2008, and followed over 20 years until December 2019 for all-cause mortality. Subjects free of Gout or diuretics treatment at baseline were included. SUA was categorized according to sex-specific tertiles and evaluated against baseline ECG findings and all-cause mortality.ResultsMean baseline age was 72±7 years and 416 (49%) were females. Ischemic changes on ECG were observed in 85 (10.0%) participants, of them 36 (13.5%) belonged to the upper SUA tertile and 49 (8.4%) to the lower ones (p = 0.02). Multivariable logistic regression showed 80% higher odds for ischemic changes on ECG among participants in the high SUA tertile (adjusted-OR = 1.8, 95%CI 1.1–2.9, p = 0.03) compared with the lower SUA two-tertiles. During a median follow-up of 14 years, 380 (44.7%) participants died. SUA ≥5.3 mg/dl for women and ≥ 6.2 mg/dl for men, was associated with a 30% greater risk for all-cause mortality in a multivariable Cox regression model (HR = 1.3, 95%CI: 1.0–1.6, p = 0.03).ConclusionsHigh SUA level was associated with ischemic changes on ECG and with an increased risk for all-cause mortality over 20 years of follow-up among community dwelling older adults free of Gout. Even lower sex-specific thresholds of SUA were associated with all-cause mortality than previously proposed. SUA should be considered as a biomarker for cardiovascular risk and all-cause mortality.
A characterization of gauge balls in ℍ
n
by horizontal curvature
Authors: Guidi Chiara , Martino Vittorio , Tralli Giulio 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we aim at identifying the level sets of the gauge norm in the Heisenberg group

ℍ
n

{{\mathbb{H}^{n}}}

via the prescription of their (non-constant) horizontal mean curvature. We establish a uniqueness result in

ℍ
1

{\mathbb{H}^{1}}

under an assumption on the location of the singular set, and in

ℍ
n

{\mathbb{H}^{n}}

for

n
≥
2

{n\geq 2}

in the proper class of horizontally umbilical hypersurfaces.
Time-step heat problem on the mesh: asymptotic behavior and decay rates
Authors: Abadias Luciano , González-Camus Jorge , Rueda Silvia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this article, we study the asymptotic behavior and decay of the solution of the fully discrete heat problem. We show basic properties of its solutions, such as the mass conservation principle and their moments, and we compare them to the known ones for the continuous analogue problems. We present the fundamental solution, which is given in terms of spherical harmonics, and we state pointwise and

ℓ
p

{\ell^{p}}

estimates for that. Such considerations allow to prove decay and large-time behavior results for the solutions of the fully discrete heat problem, giving the corresponding rates of convergence on

ℓ
p

{\ell^{p}}

spaces.