bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Descriptive Comparative Analysis of Safety Concerns Outlaid in the Risk Management Plans of the European Union and Japan
Authors: Honda Teruyuki , Narukawa Mamoru 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPurposeThis study aimed to obtain a better understanding of the characteristics of the risk management plans (RMP) and the background regulatory policies governing them, in the European Union (EU) and Japan. This was done by descriptively comparing the safety concerns (SCs) listed in the RMP and examining their relationships with product labeling.MethodsInformation regarding SCs was collected from the published RMP of both the EU and Japan for the targeted products—all of which were commonly approved in both regions. The concordance rate of the SCs for each product between the EU‐ and Japan‐RMP was calculated. The warning information for each product was collected from the product labeling, summary of product characteristics for the EU, and package insert for Japan, and compared with the SCs listed in the corresponding RMP.ResultsA total of 259 products that were approved for sale in both the EU and Japan (1998–2023), for which RMP were available in both regions, were analyzed. While 51.0% of the SCs labeled as important identified risks (IIRs) in the EU‐RMP were concordant with those in the Japan‐RMP, 20.4% of the SCs listed as IIRs in the Japan‐RMP were concordant with those in the EU‐RMP. The concordance rate between the SCs identified as IIRs and the warning information was 18.6% for the EU‐RMP and 88.4% for the Japan‐RMP.ConclusionsThe low SC concordance rate between the EU‐ and Japan‐RMP indicates a different approach to selecting RMP SCs by the two regulatory authorities.
HDAC4/5 Inhibitor, LMK‐235 Improves Animal Voluntary Movement in MPTP‐Induced Parkinson's Disease Model
Authors: Lee Heejin , Kim Hyun‐Jin , Min Ju‐Sik , Lee Eunhye , Choi Dong Kyu , Choi Jae‐Hyeog , Seo Yohan , Lee Sion , Im Chun Young , Bae Gi Hun , Oh Yoojin , Ko Eun‐A , Jung Sung‐Cherl , Kim Soong‐Hyun , Kwon Oh‐Bin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTOxidation of dopamine can cause various side effects, which ultimately leads to cell death and contributes to Parkinson's disease (PD). To counteract dopamine oxidation, newly synthesized dopamine is quickly transported into vesicles via vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) for storage. VMAT2 expression is reduced in patients with PD, and studies have shown increased accumulation of dopamine oxidation byproducts and α‐synuclein in animals with low VMAT2 expression. Conversely, animals that overexpress VMAT2 show better protection for dopamine neurons. Based on these findings, this study used histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) to increase VMAT2 expression, reduce dopamine‐induced oxidative stress, and evaluate the resulting behavioral improvements in a 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)‐induced PD animal model. LMK‐235 not only increased VMAT2 expression at various concentrations in the SH‐SY5Y cell line differentiated into dopaminergic cells but also demonstrated effective cytoprotective properties in several toxicity assays. It significantly raised VMAT2 expression in both the striatum and the ventral tegmental area of an MPTP‐induced PD model, supporting its role in reversing behavioral abnormalities linked to PD. In addition to these results, coadministration of LMK‐235 with L‐DOPA, a standard therapy for PD, restored typical behavioral patterns, highlighting the potential of HDACi in alleviating PD symptoms. The expression of VMAT2 induced by LMK‐235, an inhibitor of Class IIa histone deacetylases primarily found in the nervous system, aids in sequestering dopamine into vesicles, potentially enhancing cell survival by inhibiting dopamine oxidation. Additionally, upregulation of VMAT2 has been shown to offer effective protection against MPTP‐induced toxicity and significantly improve behavioral abnormalities associated with PD. Coadministration with L‐DOPA produced the most notable improvement in behavioral outcomes. Altogether, these findings suggest that the overexpression of VMAT2 may offer a promising strategy for developing treatments for PD by mitigating dopaminergic neuron death resulting from dopamine oxidation.
Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen after 34 years under conventional and organic management practices at the Rodale Institute Farming Systems Trial
Authors: Lorenz Klaus , Omondi Emmanuel , Lal Rattan , Das Saurav , Smith Andrew 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLong‐term agricultural experiments are uniquely positioned to capture the spatiotemporal dynamics of farming system effects on soil profile properties, which typically require decades for measurable changes to become apparent. Soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations and stocks were determined at a depth of 0–30 cm in the 34th year of the Rodale Institute Farming Systems Trial (FST), Kutztown, Pennsylvania, USA. Only the organic agriculture (OA) with manure (OA‐MNR) system plots had higher SOC concentrations and stocks than the plots of the other systems but only at depths of 0–10 and 10–20 cm, and not on equivalent soil mass (ESM) basis to 30‐cm depth. The ESM SOC stocks to 30‐cm depth at the tilled plots were 53.3, 56.2, and 61.9 Mg C ha−1 for conventional (CONV), OA‐legume (OA‐LEG), and OA‐MNR systems, respectively. The concentrations and stocks of TN, as well as ESM TN stocks to 30‐cm depth at the tilled plots, were higher for both OA systems compared to CONV. However, observations at the recently established reduced tillage (RT) subplots were inconsistent, as at least 10 years may be needed to ensure that differences in tillage treatment effects on SOC can be detected. The results are consistent with many other long‐term field experiments that have reported differences in SOC and TN concentrations and stocks only in the topsoil. Overall, the OA‐MNR system was advantageous in 2015 in increasing SOC and TN compared to the CONV and OA‐LEG systems. Thus, OA practices when combined with composted manure addition can result in increases in the SOC stock in the long term. However, subsequent studies should assess the implications for input of manure sourced from outside the OA‐MNR system. Further, soil samples should be taken several times over multiple years to more comprehensively assess management‐induced changes in soil properties.
A Cr2AlC MAX Phase‐Based Electrochemical Probe for the Detection of Asciminib in Biological and Pharmaceutical Samples
Authors: Genc Asena Ayse , Bouali Wiem , Erk Nevin , Kaya Gul , Ocakoglu Kasim 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe Cr2AlC MAX phase, a two‐dimensional transition metal carbide, offers a compelling combination of properties ideal for electrochemical sensor fabrication. The exceptional electrical conductivity, high surface area, and inherent electrocatalytic activity of the catalyst enable the sensitive and selective detection of diverse analytes, including biomolecules of critical clinical relevance. This work presents the construction of a novel electrochemical sensor featuring a nanoscale Cr2AlC MAX phase‐modified electrode, demonstrating its exceptional analytical performance in Asciminib detection, a crucial aspect of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment. The sensor exhibits a low limit of detection (0.212 µM) and a low limit of quantification (0.698 µM) and demonstrates excellent sensitivity toward Asciminib in the linear range of 1 µM–10 µM. Moreover, a rigorous tolerance limit has been established, allowing the sensor to tolerate the highest concentration of interfering substances with an error of less than ± 5% in determining ASC current. Successful quantification of Asciminibin biological samples further validates the method's reliability for real‐world applications. This novel electrochemical approach provides a rapid and cost‐effective alternative to existing methods and contributes significantly to the nanomaterial‐enabled advancement of CML management, ensuring precise Asciminib quantification at the nanoscale.
Bioinspired Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using L. Reuteri: Antibacterial Efficacy, Molecular Docking Insights, and Cytotoxicity Assessment
Authors: Othman Sara Ibrahim , Kamel Fouad H. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study reports the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNps) by using Lactobacillus reuteri. Characterized AgNps exhibited near‐spherical morphology with an average size of 86.54 nm, as revealed by SEM (scanning electron microscopy), TEM (transmission electron microscopy), and AFM (atomic force microscopy) analyses. The nanoparticles displayed a slightly rough surface, with some particles exhibiting surface protrusions and sharp edges. The zeta potential measurement of −30.16 mV and electrophoretic mobility of −2.36 cm2/Vs that indicated the presence of negatively charged functional groups on the AgNps surface, suggesting stabilizing biomolecules that prevent nanoparticle aggregation in solution. The hydrodynamic size of the AgNps was determined to be 140.3 nm, and XRD (X‐ray diffraction) analysis revealed a crystallinity of 76.89% with an average crystal size of 8.35 nm and an interplanar distance of 0.233 nm. AgNps demonstrated crystallinity and potent antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (92.9% killing efficiency) and an ATCC reference strain (76.8%). Molecular docking revealed moderate interactions between an optimized Ag3 cluster and key amino acid residues (Arg277, Gln279, Trp280, Asp273, and Val276) in the P. aeruginosa protein. These interactions, with binding energies ranging from −1.89 to −3.68 kcal/mol, suggested a potential mechanism for the observed antibacterial activity. A charge transfer interaction involving Asp273, contributing a stabilization energy of 3.66 kcal/mol, was identified as a key factor in the Ag‐protein complex formation.
Designing Electroless Deposited RuO2 Thin Films for Laminated Quasi‐Solid‐State Symmetric Supercapacitor
Authors: Sutar Avdhut S. , Patil Jayshree L. , Sutar Bhagyasree A. , Shinde Surendra K. , Mendhe Avinash C. , Warkhade Swapnil K. , Al‐Enizi Abdullah M. , Truong Nguyen Tam Nguyen , Pawar Sachin J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractProducing energy storage electrodes with exceptional performance using pseudocapacitive materials presents significant challenges. This study introduces a binder‐free, economical, and scalable method for the synthesis of a thin film of ruthenium oxide (RuO2) suitable for symmetric supercapacitors through electroless deposition. The influence of annealing temperature (373, 473, 573, and 673 K) on electrochemical performance is investigated. The RO‐573 thin film electrode demonstrated an impressive specific capacitance of 1006 F g−1 at a scan rate of 10 mV s−1. Additionally, a laminated quasi‐solid‐state symmetric device has been developed, showcasing a remarkable specific capacitance of 198 F g−1, ultrahigh energy density of 59.01 Wh kg−1, and a power density of 2.4 kW kg−1. The laminated, symmetric, quasi‐solid‐state supercapacitor device demonstrates impressive stability over 10,000 cycles, achieving a retention rate of 92%. The characteristics and design of laminated quasi‐solid‐state symmetric supercapacitors render them highly appropriate for real‐time applications in advanced energy storage systems.
Unsymmetrical Schiff Bases Efficient Ligands for the Synthesis of Organotin (IV) Complexes and 1,5‐Benzodiazepines with Anxiolytic Properties, Molecular Docking Studies
Authors: Cárdenas‐Cárdenas Paula Gabriela , Guzmán‐Gutiérrez Silvia Laura , Gómez‐García Omar , González‐Hernández Arturo , Galván‐Hidalgo José Miguel , García‐Hernández Rebeca , Hernández Simón , Gómez Elizabeth 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA series of organotin(IV) complexes were synthesized from an unsymmetrical diimine‐Schiff base ligand derived from dehydroacetic acid, salicylaldehydes (5‐R substituted R = H, F, Cl, Br, I, NO2, OCH3, CH3) and 1,2‐phenylenediamine. The reaction also led to the formation of 1,5‐benzodiazepines, catalyzed by the diorganotin(IV) derivative used. The compounds were characterized by IR, UV–vis, MS, and 1H, 13C and 119Sn NMR. The hexacoordination of the tin atom for complexes was suggested based on the 119Sn chemical shifts. X‐ray single‐crystal analysis was performed for the ligand H₂L 1 h and the 1,5‐benzodiazepine 3c. The 1,5‐benzodiazepines were screened for anxiolytic activity in mice using an elevated plus maze test with diazepam as a positive control. The 1,5‐benzodiazepines were screened for their anxiolytic activity in mice, using an elevated plus maze test with diazepam as a positive control. Benzodiazepines 3g and 3h presented an anxiolytic effect in mice at 1 mg/Kg (p.o.) without affecting their spontaneous motor activity, motor coordination, and muscle strength. Docking studies indicated that 1,5‐benzodiazepines interact with GABA‐A receptor binding site. Most ligands formed H‐bond with amino acid Phe43, Asp46, Asp475, Tyr123, Ser421, and/or Gln316 and exhibited Pi and Pi–Pi interactions with amino acid residues Tyr124, Phe319, Phe43, Phe325, Ala479, and Val120.
Redox‐Mediated Pyrene Electrolytes for Enhancing the Reversibility of Vertically Arranged Tin Electrodes in Seawater Batteries
Authors: Kim Dowan , Jung Youngjae , Lee Wang‐Geun , Lee Hyeon Seok , Kim Hyun Woo , Cho Jihun , Lee Seyoung , Kim Seohae , Jin Hyo , Min Hyeji , Lee Jin Bae , Kim Youngsik , Passerini Stefano , Kim Yongil 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSeawater batteries (SWBs) have emerged as a next‐generation battery technology that does not rely on lithium, a limited resource essential for lithium‐ion batteries. Instead, SWBs utilize abundant sodium from seawater, offering a sustainable alternative to conventional battery technologies. Previous studies have demonstrated the feasibility of achieving high energy densities in SWB anodes using vertically aligned electrodes. However, the use of tin anode materials with high volumetric energy density has encountered reversibility challenges due to the electrical isolation of tin particles caused by severe pulverization during charging and discharging. In this study, the reversibility of vertically arranged tin electrodes is improved by promoting desodiation of pulverized tin particles through the use of sodium‐pyrene (Na‐Pyr) as a redox mediator. The Na‐Pyr redox‐mediated electrolyte, combined with vertically aligned tin electrodes, demonstrates reversible capacities of 6 mAh cm−2 over 80 cycles in SWBs. Furthermore, it is shown that arranging the electrodes vertically to maximize the area can achieve a high areal capacity of up to 40 mAh cm−2. The combination of the Na‐Pyr redox mediator and vertical tin electrode, with its excellent electrochemical performance, is promising as a practical anode material for enabling SWBs to achieve high energy density.
Donor–Acceptor Type Carbon Nitride Photocatalysts in Photocatalysis: Current Understanding, Applications and Challenges
Authors: Li Ling , Zhou Zhanpeng , Shi Yu , Tang Rongdi , Li Wenbo , Deng Yaocheng , Huang Ying 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe exploration of photocatalytic materials with efficient charge separation has always been a prominent area of research in photocatalysis. In the preceding years, the strategy of constructing donor–acceptor (D–A) structured materials has gradually been developed in photocatalytic systems, becoming a new research crossroads and attracting extensive interdisciplinary focus. Polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) has gradually been recognized as the primary photocatalytic material for constructing D–A structures due to its attractive exceptional physicochemical stability, electronic band structure, and cost‐effectiveness. However, few reports have summarized the research on D–A type PCN at the molecular level. This review focuses on the molecular level design strategies and the performance enhancement mechanisms of D–A type PCN are emphasized from two main aspects: intramolecular D–A and intermolecular D–A. In addition, the concept of dual D–A type PCN is introduced, proposing a new direction for advancing the efficacy of photocatalysts. Subsequently, this review summarizes the application scenarios of D–A type PCN in energy transformation and environmental amelioration. Finally, by elaborating on the main difficulties and opportunities in this hot field, this review can provide inspiration and innovative strategies for developing D–A type PCN and resolving energy and environmental issues.
3d–5d Orbital Hybridization in Nanoflower‐Like High‐Entropy Alloy for Highly Efficient Overall Water Splitting at High Current Density
Authors: Ma Xiaolong , Zhou Yaojiang , Zhang Shuang , Lei Wenli , Zhao Yuanmeng , Shan Changsheng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractExploring highlyefficient electrocatalysts for overall water splitting is a challenging butnecessary task for development of green and renewable energy. Herein, PtIrFeCoNi high‐entropy alloy nanoflowers (HEA NFs) withstrong 3d‐5d orbital hybridization were fabricated to achieve highly efficientoverall water splitting at high current density. The Pt26Ir7Fe13Co22Ni32 HEA NFs achieved a 57.52‐fold higher than commercial IrO2 in turnoverfrequency (TOF) for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Besides, its TOF value forhydrogen evolution reaction (HER) was 2.11‐fold higher than that of commercialPt/C. The cell voltages based on Pt26Ir7Fe13Co22Ni32 HEA NFs for overall water splitting were only 1.594 V and 1.861 V at currentdensities of 100 mA cm−2 and 500 mA cm−2, which weresignificantly lower than those of Pt/C
Bamboo‐Inspired Hierarchically Hollow Aerogel MXene Fibers with Ultrafast Ionic Channels and Multiple Electromagnetic Wave Attenuation Routes Toward High‐Performance Supercapacitors and Microwave Absorption
Authors: Zhang Wenhui , Ren Shouyu , Zhang Yongzhe , An Chengzhi , Liu Yunchuan , Zhu Xiaolin , Man Zengming , Liang Xiaohui , Yang Chao , Lu Wangyang , Wu Guan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract2D materials feature large specific surface areas and abundant active sites, showing great potential in energy storage and conversion. However, the dense, stacked structure severely restricts its practical application. Inspired by the structure of bamboo in nature, hollow interior and porous exterior wall, hollow MXene aerogel fiber (HA‐Ti3C2TX fiber) is proposed. Owing to continuous porous microstructure and optimized hollow cavity, this fiber possesses large accessible area to ions and abundant structural defects, leading to a fast charge transfer kinetics and high faradic activity. Consequently, the HA‐Ti3C2TX fiber exhibits exceptional gravimetric capacitance of 355 F g−1. Besides, the solid‐state asymmetric fiber‐shaped supercapacitors (FSCs) display a high capacitance of 276 F g−1 and energy density of 9.58 Wh kg−1. Additionally, the HA‐Ti3C2TX fiber delivers outstanding electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption performance with a minimum reflection loss of −52.39 dB and the effective absorption bandwidth up to 4.6 GHz, which is attributed to multiple reflection paths, strong dielectric loss from this hollow and porous structure. This novel design of hollow fiber provides a new reference for the construction of advanced fibers for energy storage and EMW absorption materials.
Reporting of Regression Models for Ordinal Responses in Sports Sciences Field: A Systematic Review
Authors: Fernández Daniel , Estopañan Mireia , Baumer Benjamin , Casals Martí 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe integration of statistical methods in sports sciences has become essential for decision‐making in performance analysis, injury prevention, and athlete outcomes. This work presents a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines to explore the application of ordinal regression models in the sports sciences field. A comprehensive search of articles published prior to March 4, 2023 identified 34 included studies. This search included widely recognized databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, and specialized journals of sports statistics, such as the Journal of Quantitative Analysis in Sports, and the Journal of Sports Analytics. The analysis reveals that 26.5% of these articles were published in statistics and sports statistics journals. Notably, R emerged as the primary software used for analysis in 38.8% of the studies. However, a significant majority (82.4%) of the studies did not provide data and code repositories. Among sports, soccer had the highest representation (28.6%), followed by basketball (17.1%). The most reported ordinal model was the proportional odds model (32.3%), followed by the mixed effects proportional odds model (11.8%), while a relevant proportion (29.4%) did not report the model used. Furthermore, 23.5% of articles proposed novel models. Validation tests for proportional odds models were not conducted in 53.3% of cases. This review underscores the importance of improved reporting practices, inclusivity in sport representation, and statistical education in advancing sports analytics.
Schottky-Invariant p-Adic Diffusion Operators
Authors: Bradley Patrick Erik 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A parametrised diffusion operator on the regular domain

$$\Omega $$

Ω

of a p-adic Schottky group is constructed. It is defined as an integral operator on the complex-valued functions on

$$\Omega $$

Ω

which are invariant under the Schottky group

$$\Gamma $$

Γ

, where integration is against the measure defined by an invariant regular differential 1-form

$$\omega $$

ω

. It is proven that the space of Schottky invariant

$$L^2$$

L
2

-functions on

$$\Omega $$

Ω

outside the zeros of

$$\omega $$

ω

has an orthonormal basis consisting of

$$\Gamma $$

Γ

-invariant extensions of Kozyrev wavelets which are eigenfunctions of the operator. The eigenvalues are calculated, and it is shown that the heat equation for this operator provides a unique solution for its Cauchy problem with Schottky-invariant continuous initial conditions supported outside the zero set of

$$\omega $$

ω

, and gives rise to a strong Markov process on the corresponding orbit space for the Schottky group whose paths are càdlàg.
Deep-Learning-based Automated Identification of Ventriculoperitoneal-Shunt Valve Models from Skull X-rays
Authors: Vach Marius , Weiss Daniel , Ivan Vivien Lorena , Boschenriedter Christian , Wolf Luisa , Beez Thomas , Hofmann Björn B. , Rubbert Christian , Caspers Julian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Ventriculoperitoneal shunts (VPS) are an essential part of the treatment of hydrocephalus, with numerous valve models available with different ways of indicating pressure levels. The model types often need to be identified on X‑rays to assess pressure levels using a matching template. Artificial intelligence (AI), in particular deep learning, is ideally suited to automate repetitive tasks such as identifying different VPS valve models. The aim of this work was to investigate whether AI, in particular deep learning, allows the identification of VPS models in cranial X‑rays.

Methods
959 cranial X‑rays of patients with a VPS were included and reviewed for image quality and complete visualization of VPS valves. The images included four VPS model types: Codman Hakim (n = 774, 81%), Codman Certas Plus (n = 117, 12%), Sophysa Sophy Mini SM8 (n = 35, 4%) and proGAV 2.0 (n = 33, 3%). A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) was trained using stratified five-fold cross-validation to classify the four VPS model types in the dataset. A finetuned CNN pretrained on the ImageNet dataset as well as a model trained from scratch were compared. The averaged performance and uncertainty metrics were evaluated across the cross-validation splits.

Results
The fine-tuned model identified VPS valve models with a mean accuracy of 0.98 ± 0.01, macro-averaged F1 score of 0.93 ± 0.04, a recall of 0.94 ± 0.03 and a precision of 0.95 ± 0.08 across the five cross-validation splits.

Conclusion
Automatic classification of VPS valve models in skull X‑rays, using fully automatable preprocessing steps and a CNN, is feasible. This is an encouraging finding to further explore the possibility of automating VPS valve model identification and pressure level reading in skull X‑rays.