bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Full‐thickness skin columns: A method to reduce healing time and donor site morbidity in deep partial‐thickness burns
Authors: Keenan Corey S. , Cooper Laura , Nuutila Kristo , Chapa Javier , Christy Sean , Chan Rodney K. , Carlsson Anders H. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe current standard of care for the coverage of large wounds often involves split thickness skin grafts (STSGs) which have numerous limitations. One promising technique that has gained traction is fractional autologous skin grafting using full‐thickness skin columns (FTSC). Harvesting occurs orthogonally by taking numerous individual skin columns containing the epidermis down through the dermis and transferring them to the wound bed. The purpose of this porcine study was to investigate the efficacy of implanting FTSCs directly into deep partial‐thickness burn wounds, as well as examining donor site healing at the maximal harvest density. It was hypothesised that by utilising FTSCs, the rate of healing in deep partial thickness burns can be improved without incurring the donor morbidity seen in other methods of skin grafting. Deep partial‐thickness burns were created on the dorsum of female red duroc swine, debrided 3 days later and FTSCs were implanted at varying expansion ratios directly into the burn wounds. At day 14, 1:50 expansion ratio showed significantly faster re‐epithelialisation compared to the debrided burn control and 1:200. Donor sites (at 7%–10% harvest density) were 100% re‐epithelialised by day 7. Additionally, the maximal harvest density was determined to be 28% in an ex vivo model, which then five donor sites were harvested at 28% density on a red duroc swine and compared to five STSG donor sites. At maximal harvest density, FTSC donor sites were significantly less hypopigmented compared to STSGs, but no significant differences were observed in re‐epithelialisation, contraction, blood flow or dermal thickness. In conclusion, implantation directly into deep partial‐thickness burns is a viable option for the application of FTSCs, favouring lower expansion ratios like 1:50 or lower. Little difference in donor site morbidity was observed between FTSC at a maximal harvest density of 28% and STSGs, exceeding the optimal harvest density.
The rat Achilles and patellar tendons have similar increases in mechanical properties but become transcriptionally divergent during postnatal development
Authors: Steffen Danielle , Avey Alec , Mienaltowski Michael J. , Baar Keith 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe molecular events that drive post‐natal tendon development are poorly characterized. In this study, we profiled morphological, mechanical, and transcriptional changes in the rat Achilles and patellar tendon before walking (P7), shortly after onset of walking (P14), and at motor maturity (P28). The Achilles and patellar tendons increased collagen content and mechanical strength similarly throughout post‐natal development. However, at P28 the patellar tendon tended to display a higher maximal tensile load (MTL) (P = 0.0524) than the Achilles tendon, but a similar ultimate tensile strength (UTS; load relative to cross‐sectional area) probably due to its increased cross‐sectional area during development. The tendons started transcriptionally similar, with overlapping PCA clusters at P7 and P14, before becoming transcriptionally distinct at P28. In both tendons, there was an increase in extracellular matrix (ECM) gene expression and a concomitant decrease in cell cycle and mitochondrial gene expression. The transcriptional divergence at P28 suggested that STAT signalling was lower in the patellar tendon where MTL increased the most. Treating engineered human ligaments with the STAT inhibitor itacitinib increased collagen content and MTL. Our results suggest that during post‐natal development, cellular resources are initially allocated towards cell proliferation before shifting towards extracellular matrix development following the onset of mechanical load and provide potential targets for improving tendon function.
imageKey points
Little is known about mechanisms of post‐natal tendon growth. We characterized morphological, mechanical, and transcriptional changes that occur before (P7), and early (P14) and late after (P28) rats begin to walk.
From P7 to P28, the Achilles tendon increased in length, whereas the patellar tendon increased in cross‐sectional area. Mechanical and material properties of the Achilles and patellar tendon increased from P7 to P28.
From P7 to P28, the Achilles and patellar tendons increased expression of ECM genes and decreased mitochondrial and cell cycle gene expression. Ribosomal gene expression also significantly decreased in the Achilles and tended to decrease in the patellar tendon.
At P28, STAT1 signalling tended to be lower in the patellar tendon which had grown by increasing cross‐sectional area and inhibiting STAT activation in vitro improved mechanical properties in engineered human ligaments.
Rugby Players Exhibit Stiffer Biceps Femoris, Lower Biceps Femoris Fascicle Length to Knee Extensors, and Knee Flexors to Extensors Muscle Volume Ratios Than Active Controls
Authors: Yagiz Gokhan , Shida Nami , Kuruma Hironobu , Furuta Masahiro , Morimoto Koji , Yamada Mutsuo , Uchiyama Tatsuji , Kubis Hans-Peter , Owen Julian A. 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to determine if hamstring-strain-injury risk factors related to muscle structure and morphology differed between rugby union players and controls. Methods: The biceps femoris long head (BFlh) fascicle length and passive muscle stiffness and relative and absolute muscle volume of knee flexors (KF) and extensors (KE) were measured in 21 male subelite rugby players and 21 male physically active nonathletes. Results: BFlh fascicle length was significantly longer (mean difference [MD] = 1.6 [1.7] cm) and BFlh passive muscle stiffness was significantly higher in rugby players (MD = 7.8 [14.8] kPa). The absolute BFlh (MD = 71.9 [73.3] cm3), KF (MD = 332.3 [337.2] cm3), and KE (MD = 956.3 [557.4] cm3) muscle volumes were also significantly higher in rugby players. There were no significant differences in the relative BFlh and KF muscle volumes. The relative KE muscle volumes were significantly higher in rugby players (MD = 2.3 [3.7] cm3/kg). However, the percentage BFlh fascicle length:KE (MD = −0.1% [0.1%]), BFlh/KE (MD = −0.9% [1.9%]), and KF:KE (MD = −4.9% [5.9%]) muscle volume ratios were significantly lower in the rugby players. BFlh muscle volume significantly correlated with BFlh fascicle length (r = .59, r2 = .35) and passive muscle stiffness (r = .46, r2 = .21). Conclusion: Future prospective studies should examine whether there are threshold values in BFlh passive muscle stiffness and BFlh fascicle length:KE, BFlh:KE, and KF:KE muscle volume ratios for predicting hamstring strain injuries.
Exercising Power: A Critical Examination of National Collegiate Athletic Association Discourse Related to Name, Image, and Likeness
Authors: Howe Jonathan E. , Black Wayne L. , Jones Willis A. 
Published: July 2023

Although name, image, and likeness policy officially changed on July 1, 2021, actions leading up to this policy modification provide insight into the desires and perspectives of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). Feeling pressure from individual states and federal legislators, the NCAA engaged in discussion regarding name, image, and likeness in Fall of 2019. In response to newly introduced name, image, and likeness policy changes, the NCAA listed their official statements on the Taking Actions: Name, Image and Likeness webpage. These statements (n = 10) were analyzed using critical discourse analysis methodology underpinned with a Foucaultian perspective. Using critical discourse analysis, we extrapolated three overarching themes related to power dynamics: (a) Establishing Control While Undercutting Oppositional Power, (b) Power Shifts Away from NCAA, and (c) Power Reinforcement. We conclude by discussing the importance of examining discourse within organizations and implications for policy and practice.
Exercise training and resting blood pressure: a large-scale pairwise and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Edwards Jamie J , Deenmamode Algis H P , Griffiths Megan , Arnold Oliver , Cooper Nicola J , Wiles Jonathan D , O'Driscoll Jamie M 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveTo perform a large-scale pairwise and network meta-analysis on the effects of all relevant exercise training modes on resting blood pressure to establish optimal antihypertensive exercise prescription practices.DesignSystematic review and network meta-analysis.Data sourcesPubMed (Medline), the Cochrane library and Web of Science were systematically searched.Eligibility criteriaRandomised controlled trials published between 1990 and February 2023. All relevant work reporting reductions in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) following an exercise intervention of ≥2 weeks, with an eligible non-intervention control group, were included.Results270 randomised controlled trials were ultimately included in the final analysis, with a pooled sample size of 15 827 participants. Pairwise analyses demonstrated significant reductions in resting SBP and DBP following aerobic exercise training (−4.49/–2.53 mm Hg, p<0.001), dynamic resistance training (–4.55/–3.04 mm Hg, p<0.001), combined training (–6.04/–2.54 mm Hg, p<0.001), high-intensity interval training (–4.08/–2.50 mm Hg, p<0.001) and isometric exercise training (–8.24/–4.00 mm Hg, p<0.001). As shown in the network meta-analysis, the rank order of effectiveness based on the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) values for SBP were isometric exercise training (SUCRA: 98.3%), combined training (75.7%), dynamic resistance training (46.1%), aerobic exercise training (40.5%) and high-intensity interval training (39.4%). Secondary network meta-analyses revealed isometric wall squat and running as the most effective submodes for reducing SBP (90.4%) and DBP (91.3%), respectively.ConclusionVarious exercise training modes improve resting blood pressure, particularly isometric exercise. The results of this analysis should inform future exercise guideline recommendations for the prevention and treatment of arterial hypertension.
Electronic patient-reported outcome (e-PRO) monitoring for adverse event management during cabozantinib treatment in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma: protocol for a three-arm, randomised, multicentre phase II trial (e-PRO vs paper-PRO or usual care)
Authors: Osawa Takahiro , Fujii Yasuhisa , Kimura Go , Kitamura Hiroshi , Nagashima Yoji , Iizumi Sakura , Osaka Tsuyoshi , Tsubouchi Ryoichi , Shinohara Nobuo 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionCabozantinib monotherapy is an option for treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, cabozantinib dose modification and discontinuation due to symptomatic adverse events (AEs) remains a challenge. The use of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) may help manage symptomatic AEs, which is reported to lead to improved quality of life (QOL), avoidance of drug discontinuation and better survival. This study aims to investigate the clinical benefits of PROs in patients with RCC receiving cabozantinib and the most appropriate medium for PRO monitoring (electronic [e]-PRO or paper-PRO).Methods and analysisThis study is being conducted at about 35 sites in Japan. Patients aged ≥18 years with unresectable or metastatic RCC initiating treatment with cabozantinib monotherapy are eligible and will be randomised to: (1) e-PRO monitoring, (2) paper-PRO monitoring or (3) usual care without PRO monitoring. Recruitment began in December 2021 (target sample size, 105). Patients start treatment with cabozantinib 60 mg once daily, and in the PRO groups, will record daily medication intake, weight, temperature, blood pressure and AEs. Endpoints include the proportion of patients with a ≥5-point deterioration on the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Kidney Cancer Symptom Index (FKSI-19; primary endpoint), progression-free survival, QOL, dose adjustments, relative dose intensity, treatment-emergent AEs and frequency of interventions for AEs outside of the scheduled visits. Patient and physician opinions of the PRO monitoring systems and patient compliance with e-PRO/paper-PRO input are also being measured.Ethics and disseminationThe study is being conducted in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki, the International Council for Harmonisation guidelines for Good Clinical Practice and the Clinical Trials Act. Written informed consent is being obtained from all patients, and the protocol has been approved by the Hokkaido University Hospital Certified Review Board (approval number, CRB021-005). The results will be presented at conferences and submitted to a peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberjRCTs011210055.
A study of the patterns of prescriptions for heart diseases in The Four Tantras (rGyud bZhi) based on the Tibetan medicinal properties theory
Authors: Nanjia Cairang 
Published: July 2023

Objective: To reveal the internal and effective rules of prescription compatibility for treating heart diseases in the four tantras. Method: To compare the four kinds of disease in the four tantras. Result: Formulas for the treatment of loong(rlung) disease were mainly formulated sweet, pungent flavors with hot and greasy effects; formulas for the treatment of tripa(mkris-pa) were mainly formulated sweet, pungent and bitter flavors with cold and blunt effects; formulas for the treatment of beygen(bad-kan) were mainly formulated sweet, pungent flavors with hot and dynamic effects; and formulas for the treatment of khrag khrugs nad () were mainly formulated sweet, bitter flavors with cold and blunt effects. Conclusion: It can be seen that the four tantras have a rigorous and regular theory of prescriptions and strong theoretical guidance, which we need to study and learn in depth, and apply in clinical practice in conjunction with the properties of the disease.
Evolutionary Piecewise Developable Approximations
Authors: Zhao Zheng-Yu , Li Mo , Zhang Zheng , Fang Qing , Liu Ligang , Fu Xiao-Ming 
Published: July 2023

We propose a novel method to compute high-quality piecewise developable approximations for triangular meshes. Central to our approach is an evolutionary genetic algorithm for optimizing the combinatorial and discontinuous fitness function, including the approximation error, the number of patches, the patch boundary length, and the penalty for small patches and narrow regions within patches. The genetic algorithm's operations (i.e., initialization, selection, mutation, and crossover) are explicitly designed to minimize the fitness function.
The main challenge is evaluating the fitness function's approximation error as it requires developable patches, which are difficult or time-consuming to obtain. Resolving the challenge is based on a critical observation: the approximation error and the mapping distortion between an input surface and its developable approximation are positively correlated empirically. To efficiently measure distortion without explicitly generating developable shapes, we creatively use conformal mapping techniques. Then, we control the mapping distortion at a relatively low level to achieve high shape similarity in the genetic algorithm.
The feasibility and effectiveness of our method are demonstrated over 240 complex examples. Compared with the state-of-the-art methods, our results have much smaller approximation errors, fewer patches, shorter patch boundaries, and fewer small patches and narrow regions.
Random-Access Neural Compression of Material Textures
Authors: Vaidyanathan Karthik , Salvi Marco , Wronski Bartlomiej , Akenine-Moller Tomas , Ebelin Pontus , Lefohn Aaron 
Published: July 2023

The continuous advancement of photorealism in rendering is accompanied by a growth in texture data and, consequently, increasing storage and memory demands. To address this issue, we propose a novel neural compression technique specifically designed for material textures. We unlock two more levels of detail, i.e., 16× more texels, using low bitrate compression, with image quality that is better than advanced image compression techniques, such as AVIF and JPEG XL.
At the same time, our method allows on-demand, real-time decompression with random access similar to block texture compression on GPUs, enabling compression on disk and memory. The key idea behind our approach is compressing multiple material textures and their mipmap chains together, and using a small neural network, that is optimized for each material, to decompress them. Finally, we use a custom training implementation to achieve practical compression speeds, whose performance surpasses that of general frameworks, like PyTorch, by an order of magnitude.
Germline Mutations in 12 Genes and Risk of Ovarian Cancer in Three Population-Based Cohorts
Authors: Kotsopoulos Joanne , Hathaway Cassandra A. , Narod Steven A. , Teras Lauren R. , Patel Alpa V. , Hu Chunling , Yadav Siddhartha , Couch Fergus J. , Tworoger Shelley S. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background:
With the widespread use of multigene panel genetic testing, population-based studies are necessary to accurately assess penetrance in unselected individuals. We evaluated the prevalence of germline pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants (mutations) in 12 cancer-predisposition genes and associations with ovarian cancer risk in three population-based prospective studies [Nurses’ Health Study (NHS), NHSII, Cancer Prevention Study II].

Methods:
We included women with epithelial ovarian or peritoneal cancer (n = 776) and controls who were alive and had at least one intact ovary at the time of the matched case diagnosis (n = 1,509). Germline DNA was sequenced for mutations in 12 genes. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for ovarian cancer risk by mutation status.

Results:
The mutation frequency across all 12 genes was 11.2% in cases and 3.3% in controls (P &lt; 0.0001). BRCA1 and BRCA2 were the most frequently mutated (3.5% and 3.8% of cases and 0.3% and 0.5% of controls, respectively) and were associated with increased ovarian cancer risk [OR, BRCA1 = 12.38; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 4.72–32.45; OR, BRCA2 = 9.18; 95% CI = 3.98–21.15]. Mutation frequencies for the other genes were ≤1.0% and only PALB2 was significantly associated with risk (OR = 5.79; 95% CI = 1.09–30.83). There was no difference in survival for women with a BRCA germline mutation versus no mutation.

Conclusions:
Further research is needed to better understand the role of other mutations in ovarian cancer among unselected populations.

Impact:
Our data support guidelines for germline genetic testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 among women diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer; testing for PALB2 may be warranted.
Síndrome pré-menstrual: possibilidades de cuidados para atenuação dos sintomas
Authors: Silva Maria Fernanda Oliveira da , Azevedo Luiza Orsatto de , Campelo Maria Gabrielle de Oliveira Costa , Wanderley Natália Conrado , Sobral Mylena Kelly Motta , Albuquerque Geyslane Pereira Melo de 
Published: July 2023

Introdução: A Síndrome Pré-menstrual (SPM), com início de uma a duas semanas antes da menstruação, engloba um padrão recorrente de sintomas físicos, afetivos e comportamentais, podendo ser agravados por fatores externos, como hábitos de vida e condição socioeconômica, afetando negativamente as atividades diárias. Objetivo: Analisar a relação entre a síndrome pré-menstrual e a possibilidade de reabilitação. Método: Revisão integrativa da literatura realizada através da leitura de portais oficiais de órgãos públicos e da busca eletrônica na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), no PubMed e na Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Resultados: Nessa revisão integrativa foram selecionados 41 estudos primários publicados nos últimos 5 anos, disponíveis gratuitamente e nos idiomas inglês e português. Discussão: Com relação às técnicas não farmacológicas, observou-se que os métodos de exercício físico, dieta, medicina tradicional iraniana, suplementação de vitamina D e terapia cognitivo-comportamental obtiveram boa eficácia na atenuação dos sintomas da SPM, como dismenorreia e alterações de humor; o tratamento com auriculoterapia mostrou resultados semelhantes ao uso de placebo; outros como acupuntura e acupressão não trouxeram resultados conclusivos. Entre os métodos farmacológicos, o tratamento padrão preconizado é por meio de anticoncepcionais orais combinados. Além disso, o uso de inibidores seletivos da recaptação da serotonina (ISRSs) pode aumentar a quantidade de serotonina para neurotransmissão e consequentemente melhorar os sintomas da SPM. Os moduladores seletivos do receptor de estrogênio oferecem uma estratégia segura para manejo de sintomas, inclusive os de menopausa. O uso de moduladores do receptor de progesterona, por outro lado, mostrou maior controle de comportamentos agressivos. Por fim, um estudo multicêntrico realizado na Suécia mostrou resultado promissor do neuroesteroide endógeno em comparação ao uso de anticoncepcionais orais combinados. Conclusão: Há fortes indícios de melhora dos sintomas da SPM diante das diversas possibilidades para sua reabilitação, sejam elas farmacológicas ou não-farmacológicas.
Estresse e coping entre estudantes do ciclo básico de medicina durante a pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Almeida Adriano Leitão de , Costa Juan Enrique Moraes da , Cordovil Valéria Rebouças 
Published: July 2023

Introdução: A realidade dos estudantes de medicina os leva a buscar estratégias de enfrentamento, que são diferentes formas de lidar com situações estressoras, visando melhorar a saúde mental. Contudo, a pandemia de COVID-19 modificou drasticamente este contexto, pelo estresse gerado, pela limitação do uso de estratégias e pela implementação do ensino híbrido no curso de medicina. Objetivo: Avaliar as estratégias de enfrentamento ao estresse de estudantes do ciclo básico de medicina, correlacionando com o nível de estresse dos alunos. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, descritivo, de caráter qualitativo e quantitativo, aplicando-se a escala de estresse percebido e o inventário de comportamento de enfrentamento a alunos dos primeiros dois anos do curso de medicina, avaliando as estratégias mais utilizadas e comparando-as com o estresse percebido e com variáveis sociodemográficas, cuja análise foi feita com ANOVA, qui-quadrado e regressão múltipla, considerando significância de 5%. Resultados: Ao todo, 150 respostas foram obtidas. As estratégias mais utilizadas foram resolução, otimismo e transferência, mais prevalentes no 4° semestre, turma que apresentou relativamente menos estresse. O evitamento, apesar de menos utilizada na amostra, foi mais recorrida no grupo com estresse alto e apresentou uma relação positiva com esta variável, em contraste com resolução e otimismo, com relação negativa e menos usadas em altos níveis de estresse. Houve uma relação significativa entre religião e a resolução, com maior uso desta estratégia entre evangélicos e espíritas em comparação com agnósticos e sem religião. Conclusão: A pesquisa conclui que resolução e otimismo foram estratégias mais empregadas pelos estudantes e são potencialmente funcionais, enquanto o evitamento, apesar de menos utilizado, é potencialmente disfuncional para o controle do estresse. Os achados deste estudo, no cenário atípico de pandemia, devem orientar pesquisas futuras dentro deste tema.
Powerline pylons: an unusual nesting success of White-bellied Sea-Eagle Haliaeetus leucogaster (Gmelin, 1788) (Aves: Accipitriformes: Accipitridae) from Ramanathapuram, southeastern coast of India
Authors: H. Byju  , N. Raveendran  , A.J. Mathiyazhagan  
Published: July 2023

A new nesting success record of the White-Bellied Sea Eagle (WBSE), Haliaeetus leucogaster, a resident raptor belonging to the family Accipitridae is reported from a powerline pylon in the Ramanathapuram district of Tamil Nadu. This four-month observation on a non tree nesting study recorded two chicks and false nesting pattern too.