bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Noncoding Mutations in a Thyroid Hormone Receptor Gene That Impair Cone Photoreceptor Function
Authors: Liu Hong , Lu Ailing , Kelley Kevin A , Forrest Douglas 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe function of a hormone receptor requires mechanisms to control precisely where, when, and at what level the receptor gene is expressed. An intriguing case concerns the selective induction of thyroid hormone receptor β2 (TRβ2), encoded by Thrb, in the pituitary and also in cone photoreceptors, in which it critically regulates expression of the opsin photopigments that mediate color vision. Here, we investigate the physiological significance of a candidate enhancer for induction of TRβ2 by mutagenesis of a conserved intron region in its natural context in the endogenous Thrb gene in mice. Mutation of e-box sites for bHLH (basic-helix-loop-helix) transcription factors preferentially impairs TRβ2 expression in cones whereas mutation of nearby sequences preferentially impairs expression in pituitary. A deletion encompassing all sites impairs expression in both tissues, indicating bifunctional activity. In cones, the e-box mutations disrupt chromatin acetylation, blunt the developmental induction of TRβ2, and ultimately impair cone opsin expression and sensitivity to longer wavelengths of light. These results demonstrate the necessity of studying an enhancer in its natural chromosomal context for defining biological relevance and reveal surprisingly critical nuances of level and timing of enhancer function. Our findings illustrate the influence of noncoding sequences over thyroid hormone functions.
Patient and Operative Factors Predict Risk of Discretionary Prolonged Postoperative Mechanical Ventilation in a Broad Surgical Cohort
Authors: Clark Michael G. , Mueller Dorothee A. , Dudaryk Roman , Li Gen , Freundlich Robert E. 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:
Patients undergoing surgery with general anesthesia and endotracheal intubation are ideally extubated upon case completion, as prolonged postoperative mechanical ventilation (PPMV) has been associated with poor outcomes. However, some patients require PPMV for surgical reasons, such as airway compromise, while others remain intubated at the discretion of the anesthesia provider. Incidence and risk factors for discretionary PPMV (DPPMV) have been described in individual surgical subspecialties and intensive care unit (ICU) populations, but are relatively understudied in a broad surgical cohort. The present study seeks to fill this gap and identify the perioperative risk factors that predict DPPMV.

METHODS:
After obtaining institutional review board (IRB) exemption, existing electronic health record databases at our large referral center were retrospectively queried for adult surgeries performed between January 2018 and December 2020 with general anesthesia, endotracheal intubation, and by surgical services that do not routinely leave patients intubated for surgical reasons. Patients who arrived to the ICU intubated after surgery were identified as experiencing DPPMV. Selection of candidate risk factors was performed with LASSO-regularized logistic regression, and surviving variables were used to generate a multivariable logistic regression model of DPPMV risk.

RESULTS:
A total of 32,915 cases met inclusion criteria, of which 415 (1.26%) experienced DPPMV. Compared to extubated patients, those with DPPMV were more likely to have undergone emergency surgery (42.9% versus 3.4%; P < .001), surgery during an existing ICU stay (30.8% versus 2.8%; P < 0.001), and have 20 of the 31 elixhauser comorbidities (P < .05 for each comparison), among other differences. A risk model with 12 variables, including American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical classification status, emergency surgery designation, four Elixhauser comorbidities, surgery during an existing ICU stay, surgery duration, estimated number of intraoperative handoffs, and vasopressor, sodium bicarbonate, and albuterol administration, yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.97 (95% confidence interval, 0.96–0.97) for prediction of DPPMV.

CONCLUSIONS:
DPPMV was uncommon in this broad surgical cohort but could be accurately predicted using readily available patient-specific and operative factors. These results may be useful for preoperative risk stratification, postoperative resource allocation, and clinical trial planning.
IGF2 interacts with the imprinted gene Cdkn1c to promote terminal differentiation of neural stem cells
Authors: Lozano-Ureña Anna , Lázaro-Carot Laura , Jiménez-Villalba Esteban , Montalbán-Loro Raquel , Mateos-White Isabel , Duart-Abadía Pere , Martínez-Gurrea Irene , Nakayama Keiichi I. , Fariñas Isabel , Kirstein Martina , Gil-Sanz Cristina , Ferrón Sacri R. 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
Adult neurogenesis is supported by multipotent neural stem cells (NSCs) with unique properties and growth requirements. Adult NSCs constitute a reversibly quiescent cell population that can be activated by extracellular signals from the microenvironment in which they reside in vivo. Although genomic imprinting plays a role in adult neurogenesis through dose regulation of some relevant signals, the roles of many imprinted genes in the process remain elusive. Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) is encoded by an imprinted gene that contributes to NSC maintenance in the adult subventricular zone through a biallelic expression in only the vascular compartment. We show here that IGF2 additionally promotes terminal differentiation of NSCs into astrocytes, neurons and oligodendrocytes by inducing the expression of the maternally expressed gene cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1c (Cdkn1c), encoding the cell cycle inhibitor p57. Using intraventricular infusion of recombinant IGF2 in a conditional mutant strain with Cdkn1c-deficient NSCs, we confirm that p57 partially mediates the differentiation effects of IGF2 in NSCs and that this occurs independently of its role in cell-cycle progression, balancing the relationship between astrogliogenesis, neurogenesis and oligodendrogenesis.
Nucleophagy contributes to genome stability through degradation of type II topoisomerases A and B and nucleolar components
Authors: Muciño-Hernández Gabriel , Acevo-Rodríguez Pilar Sarah , Cabrera-Benitez Sandra , Guerrero Adán Oswaldo , Merchant-Larios Horacio , Castro-Obregón Susana 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
The nuclear architecture of mammalian cells can be altered as a consequence of anomalous accumulation of nuclear proteins or genomic alterations. Most of the knowledge about nuclear dynamics comes from studies on cancerous cells. How normal healthy cells maintain genome stability, avoiding accumulation of nuclear damaged material, is less understood. Here, we describe that primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts develop a basal level of nuclear buds and micronuclei, which increase after etoposide-induced DNA double-stranded breaks. Both basal and induced nuclear buds and micronuclei colocalize with the autophagic proteins BECN1 and LC3B (also known as MAP1LC3B) and with acidic vesicles, suggesting their clearance by nucleophagy. Some of the nuclear alterations also contain autophagic proteins and type II DNA topoisomerases (TOP2A and TOP2B), or the nucleolar protein fibrillarin, implying they are also targets of nucleophagy. We propose that basal nucleophagy contributes to genome and nuclear stability, as well as in response to DNA damage.
Critical Power and Respiratory Compensation Point Are Not Equivalent in Patients with COPD
Authors: TILLER NICHOLAS B. , PORSZASZ JANOS , CASABURI RICHARD , ROSSITER HARRY B. , FERGUSON CARRIE 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Several studies report that pulmonary oxygen uptake (V̇O2) at the respiratory compensation point (RCP) is equivalent to the V̇O2 at critical power (CP), suggesting that the variables can be used interchangeably to demarcate the threshold between heavy and severe intensity domains. However, if RCP is a valid surrogate for CP, their values should correspond even when assessed in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in whom the “normal” mechanisms linking CP and RCP are impeded. The aim of this study was to compare V̇O2 at CP with V̇O2 at RCP in patients with COPD.

Methods
Twenty-two COPD patients (14 male/8 female; forced expiratory volume in 1 s, 46% ± 17% pred) performed ramp-incremental cycle ergometry to intolerance (5–10 W·min−1) for the determination of gas exchange threshold (GET) and RCP. CP was calculated from the asymptote of the hyperbolic power–duration relationship from 3–5 constant-power exercise tests to intolerance. CP was validated with a 20-min constant-power ride.

Results
GET was identified in 20 of 22 patients at a V̇O2 of 0.93 ± 0.18 L·min−1 (75% ± 13% V̇O2peak), whereas RCP was identified in just 3 of 22 patients at a V̇O2 of 1.40 ± 0.39 L·min−1 (85% ± 2% V̇O2peak). All patients completed constant-power trials with no difference in peak physiological responses relative to ramp-incremental exercise (P > 0.05). CP was 46 ± 22 W, which elicited a V̇O2 of 1.04 ± 0.29 L·min−1 (90% ± 9% V̇O2peak) during the validation ride. The difference in V̇O2 at 15 and 20 min of the validation ride was 0.00 ± 0.04 L, which was not different from a hypothesized mean of 0 (P = 0.856), thereby indicating a V̇O2 steady state.

Conclusions
In COPD patients, who present with cardiopulmonary and/or respiratory-mechanical dysfunction, CP can be determined in the absence of RCP. Accordingly, CP and RCP are not equivalent in this group.
Bilateral lymphadenopathies on mammograms: a case of mixed connective tissue disease and psoriatic arthropathy
Authors: Giambersio Emilia , Magni Veronica , Sardanelli Francesco 
Published: January 2023

Axillary lymphadenopathy is defined as abnormality (e.g., increase in size or density) of lymph nodes in the armpit, caused by malignant diseases such as metastases (mainly from primary breast cancer), lymphoma, or leukaemia as well as benign conditions such as infectious or autoimmune systemic diseases. Appropriate imaging and pathological examinations on needle samples, together with accurate clinical correlation are needed for a correct diagnosis and management. Herein, we report a case of a 47-year-old female presented at our department of radiology for her annual mammographic screening. Mammography demonstrated multiple bilateral, enlarged, although benign-appearing axillary lymph nodes. While both breasts showed no sign of malignancy on mammograms, the lymphadenopathies suggested a potential underlying inflammatory process. Previous mammography performed five years before did not present any lymphadenopathy. The patient, recalled for additional breast and axillary ultrasound and for clinical correlation, reported that she had been suffering for at least four years from an autoimmune systemic disease, mixed connective tissue disease, recently overlapping with psoriatic arthropathy, thus explaining the aetiology of reactive lymph nodes enlargement.
Safety of transglutaminase-induced corneal collagen cross-linking on the central cornea thickness and intraocular pressure in vivo
Authors: Sitorasmi Puspita Hapsari , Ningtiyas Yuniar Sarah , Wahyuni Indri , Primitasari Yulia 
Published: January 2023

Background: Corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) is a procedure for making bonds that connect polymer chains to one another. Corneal CXL aims to slow or stop the progression of keratoconus by using photooxidative therapy so as to increase stromal rigidity. Transglutaminase enzymes are currently widely used in the food industry. Recent studies have shown that mRNA, fibronectin, and transglutaminase were found to be more abundant in human corneal keratocytes treated with UVA and riboflavin. Transglutaminase is considered to reduce discomfort caused by UVA irradiation. Methods: A total of 21 white New Zealand rabbits were divided into three groups, namely, transglutaminase-induced CXL group, epithelial-off CXL group, and transepithelial CXL group. The ocular surface was treated with a 1 U/mL microbial transglutaminase solution, and both the epithelial-off and transepithelial groups were exposed to clinical ultraviolet A-riboflavin (UVA/RF). The efficacy of each group was evaluated on the 14th day after the procedures. The central corneal thickness (CCT) and intraocular pressure (IOP) were evaluated using Corneal Visualization Scheimpflug Technology (Corvis ST). Results: The transglutaminase-induced CXL group exhibited the highest mean CCT (370.14 ± 38.85) in comparison with the UVA/RF epithelial-off group (368.00 ± 25.48) and the UVA/RF transepithelial group (369.86 ± 23.43). The transglutaminase-induced CXL group had the highest IOP mean (8.50 ± 3.02) compared with the UVA/RF epithelial-off (6.50 ± 3.07) and UVA/RF transepithelial groups (7.00 ± 1.90). There were no significant differences in CCT (p = 0.990) or IOP (p = 0.563) between the groups. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that there are no significant differences between the transglutaminase-induced CXL group and the UVA/RF CXL group. The safety of transglutaminase-induced CXL could be comparable to that of UVA/RF CXL in terms of altering CCT and IOP, which are two factors contributing to corneal rigidity.
Tick Size, Competition for Liquidity Provision, and Price Discovery: Evidence from the U.S. Treasury Market
Authors: Fleming Michael , Nguyen Giang , Ruela Francisco 
Published: January 2023

This paper studies how a tick size change affects market quality, price discovery, and the competition for liquidity provision by dealers and high-frequency trading firms (HFTs) in the U.S. Treasury market. Using difference-in-differences regressions around the November 19, 2018, tick size reduction in the 2-year Treasury note and a similar change in the 2-year futures eight weeks later, we find significantly improved market quality. Moreover, dealers become more competitive in liquidity provision and price improvement, consistent with the hypothesis that HFTs find liquidity provision less profitable in the smaller tick size environment. Last, we find a significant shift in short-run price discovery toward the cash market, which then reverses when the futures market tick size is reduced, suggesting that the finer pricing grid in the cash market allows traders to act on small information signals that are not profitable to exploit in the larger-tick futures market. Our findings suggest that reducing the tick size in tick-constrained and highly liquid markets like the Treasury market is on balance beneficial. This paper was accepted by Bruno Biais, finance. Funding: F. Ruela acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program [Grant DGE-1746045]. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4663 .
Ethnobotanical survey of plants used by the riparian population of Banco National Park (Abidjan, Ivory Coast)
Authors: GNAHORE ERIC , KOUADIO KOUASSI RICHARD , AMBA ACHIEDO JEAN GREVIN , KONE MOUSSA , BAKAYOKO ADAMA 
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Gnahore E, Kouadio KR, Amba AJG, Kone M, Bakayoko A. 2022. Ethnobotanical survey of plants used by the riparian population of Banco National Park (Abidjan, Ivory Coast). Asian J Ethnobiol 5: 121-129. Situated at the "heart" of Abidjan, Banco National Park (BNP), Ivory Coast, is the rare relics of moist, dense rainforests coveted everywhere. This work was undertaken with an aim of identifying the plants most usually used by the riparian population of BNP in human food, animal food, and pharmacopeia. An ethnobotanical survey was carried out of the riparian population of the BNP. The method consists of an ethnobotanical survey realized among the inhabitants of the park and those of the surrounding urban districts. The method used was semi-structured interviews. This study targeted 294 people, including 20% men and 80% women, aged between 30 and 60. A total of 36 plant species from 34 genera and 28 families were recorded. Thirteen species were used in food, three fodder species, and thirty others used to treat several ailments in the area. Two of these plants have strong ratio utilization in human food: Myrianthus arboreus P.Beauv. (15.25%) and M. libericus Rendle (14%). Thus, in the area study, five species are respectively considered threatened and three species rare. Leaves (32.55%) and bark (20.93%) are the most used organ. Decoction (98%) was the most common traditional medicine preparation method. Indigenous knowledge distribution in the community showed significant differences (p<0.05) in the study groups for factors of age, sex, gender, and educational level. The number of resources used can seriously impact the forest negatively. It is urgent to adopt a lasting management plan for sustainable harvest for the safeguard and preservation of the plant cash of the BNP.
Ethnobotany of semi-arid medicinal plants used by Bunaq Tribe in Lamaknen, Belu District, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: BRIA EMILIA JULIYANTI , MELA YOSEF JEFRIANTO ADE , TNUNAY ITE MORINA YOSTIANTI 
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Mela YJA, Bria EJ, Tnunay IMY. 2022. Ethnobotany of semi-arid medicinal plants used by Bunaq Tribe in Lamaknen, Belu District, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Intl J Trop Drylands 6: 16-25. The diversity of traditional medicinal plants of the Bunaq Tribe in Lamaknen, Belu District, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, is a basic study of the development of local potential in supporting plant conservation in the border areas of Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the types of medicinal plants, the organs used, processing methods and ways of using plants as traditional medicines, and species use-values ??(SUV) by the Bunaq Tribe in Belu District, a semi-arid climatic area in Timor Island, Indonesia. This study uses a descriptive qualitative and quantitative approach. The research method used was semi-structured interviews with village shamans. The results showed that there were 26 families consisting of 63 species of plants used as medicine. Fabaceae had the highest number of species used in medicine. The most widely used growth form was a tree and the most frequently used plant part was the leaf (30%). The most widely applied processing method was boiling. Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) showed the highest use-value, 0.57, compared to other species. In conclusion, the Bunaq Tribe still preserves traditional knowledge of medicinal plants through village shamans. This information can be used as the basis for developing the social and cultural values of the Bunaq Tribe in the border areas of Indonesia.
Broadband dual-mode 3  dB power splitter using bricked subwavelength gratings
Authors: Lu Mengjia , Deng Chunyu , Sun Yu , Wang Dongyu , Liu Pengcheng , Lin Dongdong , Cheng Wei , Shi Shangqing , Lin Tong , Hu Guohua , Yun Binfeng , Cui Yiping 
Published: January 2023

The multimode power splitter plays an essential role in on-chip mode-division multiplexing systems. In this work, a broadband dual-mode optical power splitter based on the self-imaging effect in the multimode interference (MMI) engineered by bricked subwavelength gratings (BSWGs) is proposed. The dual-mode power splitter is optimized by combining the 3D finite difference time domain (FDTD) and the particle swarm optimization (PSO) method. For the input

T
E

0

mode, the insertion loss (IL) and the imbalance (IB) are lower than 0.55 dB and 0.65 dB, while the IL and IB for the input

T
E

1

mode are, respectively, lower than 0.7 dB and 0.37 dB over 150 nm bandwidth in the wavelength range of 1.5–1.65 µm. In addition, the cross talk (CT) is lower than

−

25

d
B

for the two modes over this wavelength range. Furthermore, the minimum feature size of the gratings is as large as 135 nm, and only a single etch step is required, which is beneficial for the fabrication.
“I decided in my heart I have to complete the sessions”: A qualitative study on the acceptability of an evidence-based HIV risk reduction intervention among women engaged in sex work in Uganda
Authors: Sensoy Bahar Ozge , Nabunya Proscovia , Nabayinda Josephine , Witte Susan , Kiyingi Joshua , Nsubuga Edward , Schriger Simone , Nattabi Jennifer , Mayo-Wilson Larissa Jennings , Nakigudde Janet , Tozan Yesim , Ssewamala Fred M. 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundThe HIV burden remains a critical public health concern and women engaged in sex work [WESW] are at significantly higher risk compared to the general adult population. Similar to other sub-Saharan African countries, Uganda reports high rates of HIV prevalence among WESW. Yet, they have not been targeted by theory-informed HIV prevention intervention approaches.MethodsWe conducted semi-structured in-depth interviews with 20 WESW upon intervention completion to explore their experiences with an evidence-based HIV risk reduction intervention that was implemented as part of a combination intervention tested in a clinical trial in Uganda (2018–2023. Specifically, we explored their initial motivations and concerns for participating in the intervention, barriers and facilitators to attendance, and their feedback on specific intervention characteristics.ResultsThe main expectations revolved around access to health-related information, including information on STIs, HIV, and PrEP as well as on how one can protect themselves while engaging in sex work. Initial concerns were around potential breach of confidentiality and fear of arrest. The main facilitators for session attendance were the motivation to learn health-related information, the attitude of facilitators, and the incentives received for participation, whereas main challenges were related to family commitments and work schedules. WESW appreciated the group format of the intervention and found the location and times of the intervention delivery acceptable.Discussion and conclusionsOverall, our findings suggest that the HIV risk reduction intervention was appropriate and acceptable to WESW. Yet, WESW experience unique concerns and barriers that need to be accounted for when designing interventions targeting this population, especially in resource-limited settings where sex work is illegal and highly stigmatized.Clinical trial registrationNCT03583541.
Serie transmedia Go!azen. Educación en valores y tratamiento de la diversidad desde una perspectiva educomunicativa
Authors: Junguitu-Angulo Leire , Osuna-Acedo Sara 
Published: January 2023

Estudio de la serie transmedia Go!azen analizando, desde una perspectiva educomunicativa, la educación en valores y tratamiento de la diversidad que en ella se dan. Para ello, se realiza un análisis del contenido de Go!azen y de su universo transmedia fundamentado en una investigación basada en la observación propia y en el análisis documental. Los instrumentos de investigación son el cuaderno de notas y un registro de observación de elaboración propia a partir del Cuestionario Valores y Televisión: Val-TV (Palacios, Medrano y Cortés, 2005; Medrano, Palacios y Aierbe, 2006). Los resultados del estudio ponen de manifiesto que Go!azen es una serie con un amplio universo transmedia, que hace un adecuado tratamiento de los valores morales y de la diversidad. Este enfoque educativo de Go!azen lo convierte en un recurso educativo adecuado para la intervención en contextos formales