bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Can Nonprofits Learn From Mutual Aid Organizing? Investigating Mutual Aid Approaches During the COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Wu Viviana Chiu Sik , Russell Allison R. , Scott Marquisha Lawrence 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMutual aid groups surfaced globally to serve marginalized communities, offering a crucial community‐led crisis response at the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Despite playing a critical role in community‐led crisis responses, the existing literature offers limited insight into why and how they emerged to address the immediate needs of these communities. This study addresses this gap by investigating mutual aid organizing during the pandemic. Employing a sequential mixed methods approach, we utilize survey and interview data to examine how mutual aid groups in the United States rapidly responded to community needs, establishing legitimacy and gaining support from stakeholders. While these groups faced unique management challenges, they offer valuable lessons for the public and nonprofit sectors serving marginalized communities. These lessons include cultivating inclusive and egalitarian relationships, facilitating reciprocity and communal sharing, and catalyzing community‐led responses. Such community‐rooted responses offer crucial insights for enhancing community resilience during and after the pandemic.
The Molecular Symmetry Group; A Personal View of the History of Its Development
Authors: Bunker P. R. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis article gives the author's perspective on the history of the development of the molecular symmetry (MS) group. It explains how the initial work of Hougen, which was developed for nonlinear rigid molecules, inspired Longuet‐Higgins to introduce nuclear permutations and the inversion as the fundamental elements of molecular symmetry. The symmetry group that is obtained applies to all molecules, rigid or nonrigid. The criticism of Altmann, and the rebuttal of that work by Watson, is described. Altmann's work had the unfortunate effect of delaying the appreciation of Longuet‐Higgins' ideas.
An Energy Stable Well‐Balanced Scheme for the Barotropic Euler System With Gravity Under the Anelastic Scaling
Authors: Arun K. R. , Kar Mainak 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWe design and analyze an energy‐stable, structure‐preserving, well‐balanced, and asymptotic‐preserving (AP) scheme for the barotropic Euler system with gravity in the anelastic limit. The key to energy stability is the introduction of appropriate velocity shifts in the convective fluxes of mass and momenta. The semi‐implicit in time and finite volume in space fully‐discrete scheme supports the positivity of density and yields consistency with the weak solutions of the Euler system upon mesh refinement. The numerical scheme admits the discrete hydrostatic states as solutions and the stability of numerical solutions in terms of the relative energy leads to well‐balancing. The AP property of the scheme, that is, the boundedness of the mesh parameters to the Mach/Froude numbers and the scheme's asymptotic consistency with the anelastic Euler system is rigorously shown based on apriori energy estimates. The numerical scheme is resolved in two steps: by solving a non‐linear elliptic problem for the density and subsequent explicit computation of the velocity. Results from several benchmark case studies are presented to corroborate the proposed claims.
Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists and upper endoscopy: a real‐world experience
Authors: Jirapinyo Pichamol , Siranart Noppachai , Thompson Christopher C. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveIncreased use of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1RAs) has raised safety concerns during endoscopy due to their mechanism of delaying gastric emptying. This study aims to evaluate the impact of GLP‐1RAs on technical success and safety of esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD).MethodsThis was a retrospective study of bariatric patients who underwent EGD between January 2022 and December 2023. Only patients on GLP‐1RAs were included and were categorized into those who held GLP‐1RAs prior to EGD (GLP‐HELD group) and those who did not (GLP‐CONTINUED group). The primary outcome was technical success, defined as completion of EGD without interruption. Secondary outcomes included the presence of residual gastric contents during EGD and aspiration rates.ResultsA total of 629 patients were included. Baseline age and BMI were mean (SD) 54.9 (13.0) years and 37.3 (8.0) kg/m2, respectively. Of 629 patients, 146 (23%) were in the GLP‐HELD group, and 483 (77%) were in the GLP‐CONTINUED group. For the primary outcome, rates of early termination of EGD were similar between groups (1.4% for GLP‐CONTINUED vs. 0% for GLP‐HELD; p = 0.36). For secondary outcomes, incidence of residual gastric contents was similar between groups (6.4% for GLP‐CONTINUED vs. 2.7% for GLP‐HELD; p = 0.09). There were no aspiration events in either group.ConclusionsContinuation of GLP‐1RAs did not appear to be associated with an increased incidence of residual gastric contents, early procedural termination, or aspiration events.
Midface Degloving Approach for Total Maxillectomy Without Orbital Exenteration: A Case Series
Authors: Sheen Derek , Weston Dequan , Gordin Eli 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveEvaluate the feasibility of the midface degloving approach (MDA) in total maxillectomy without orbital exenteration (TMWOE) and reconstruction for sino‐nasal neoplasms.Study DesignRetrospective case series.SettingTertiary referral center.MethodsThis single‐center series included 9 consecutive sino‐nasal neoplasm patients who had TMWOE using MDA, free tissue reconstruction, and orbital floor implants (April 2018‐Dec 2022) assessing tumor characteristics, margins, and complications.ResultsThere were 3 female and 6 male patients with a median age of 61 years. The median follow‐up was 462 days. There were 7 malignant and 2 benign tumors. The median tumor size was 4.6 cm. There were 7 clear margins and 2 positive margins. Most patients underwent some combination of preoperative and or postoperative therapies. After resection, a variety of free tissue reconstruction was performed. Overall, there were no complications clearly attributable to the midface degloving approach. Flap debulking was required in one patient but no long‐term complications were encountered.ConclusionMidface degloving offers an alternative to the Weber‐Ferguson for TMWOE and avoids facial incision while providing adequate exposure to the orbital rim. Patient selection is critical, as tumors extending laterally into the zygomatic arch and infratemporal fossa may not be accessible.
Association Between Rurality and Race/Ethnicity and Pediatric Cancer Early Mortality: A Population‐Based Cohort Study Using SEER Data from 2000 to 2021
Authors: Preuss Kiersten , Hymel Emma , Acquazzino Melissa , Watanabe‐Galloway Shinobu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPediatric cancer mortality rates have steadily declined since 2009, but over a thousand deaths still occur annually. While existing research highlights the effects of race/ethnicity and rurality on overall survival, few studies have specifically analyzed these factors in relation to early mortality, defined as death within 12 months of diagnosis.ProcedureThis study utilized SEER Research Plus Limited‐Field Data (2000–2021) to examine the association between race/ethnicity, rurality, and early mortality in pediatric cancer patients. A cohort of 138,648 individuals was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression models to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsThe results demonstrated that both race/ethnicity and rurality were significantly associated with early mortality. Non‐Hispanic Black patients were 70% (95% CI: 1.60–1.82) more likely to die within the first year of diagnosis compared to non‐Hispanic Whites, and other racial/ethnic groups also saw significant associations. The adjusted hazard ratio for early mortality compared to urban counties greater than 1 million was significant (p < 0.05) for all degrees of rurality. Pediatric cancer patients in rural counties not adjacent to urban counties had the highest risk of early mortality, 27% (95% CI: 1.13–1.42), within 1 year of diagnosis. A subanalysis of adolescent patients also showed similar patterns.ConclusionsThese findings emphasize the need to address disparities in early mortality for pediatric cancer patients, particularly among racial/ethnic minorities and those in rural communities.
Investigation of interlaminar toughening properties in carbon fiber composites using wet veil formation of short‐cut aramid fibers
Authors: Shao Kai , Zhang Xin , Lin Lecheng , Shen Si , Zheng Ting , Wang Xiaodong , Zhang Lili 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe application of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) in aerospace, automotive and other fields is expanding rapidly due to its high strength‐to‐weight ratio and excellent mechanical properties. However, the susceptibility to delamination damage in the thickness direction still needs to be addressed urgently. In this study, carbon fiber prepregs were combined with short‐cut aramid fiber (SAFs) veils through hot compression molding to produce SAFs‐interlaminar‐toughened carbon fiber reinforced polymer (SAFs‐CFRP). The effect of the areal density of the SAFs on mechanical properties and model II interlaminar fracture toughness (IFT) was investigated. The results demonstrate that at a fiber areal density of 15 g/m2, tensile and flexural strengths increased by 33.96% and 34.39%, respectively, compared to the untoughened specimens. Additionally, model II IFT improved by 108.05%, reaching 9.05 KJ/m2, a significant enhancement over the untoughened specimens. Cross‐sectional fracture analysis revealed that the toughening mechanism involved fiber bridging, fiber pull‐out, fiber breakage, and fiber debonding of the SAFs within the resin‐rich layers. These processes effectively hinder crack propagation and absorb energy, contributing to the enhancements in toughness and mechanical strength. This study provides a comprehensive framework for interlaminar toughening using SAFs, addressing the critical challenge of delamination and paving the way for CFRP materials with enhanced performance and reliability in advanced engineering applications.Highlights
Effective CFRP interlayer toughening was achieved using wet veil‐formed SAFs.
The model II IFT of CFRP was significantly increased by 108.05%.
The tensile and flexural properties of CFRP were also enhanced.
Non‐destructive modification of cellulose‐based fabrics in aqueous phase for flame‐retardant epoxy composite
Authors: Zhang Liyue , Liu Jingkai , Liu Xiaoling , Dai Jinyue , Liu Xiaoqing , Yi Xiaosu 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe flame‐retardant modification of plant fiber‐reinforced composites (PFRCs) is a fundamental requirement for achieving broader industrial applications. However, commonly used modification methods often compromise the fiber mechanical properties or surface reactivity due to structural damage. In this paper, a water‐soluble system consisting of phytic acid imidazole salt and biobased benzoxazine was devised to modify a regenerated cellulose fabric through water‐phase immersion. Benefiting from the neutral solution and self‐assembly coating, the modified fabric (F‐RCF) exhibited a typical self‐extinguishing behavior while maintaining good structural integrity and mechanical properties. By further combining F‐RCF with a DOPO‐containing epoxy resin blend (FEB) to prepare a fiber‐reinforced green composite (F‐RCF/FEB), the results indicated that the co‐curing reaction between the modifier and resin matrix contributed to improved interfacial adhesion. This enabled the simultaneous enhancement of tensile modulus (from 9.82 to 11.29 MPa), impact strength (from 6.58 to 7.26 kJ m−2) and interlaminar shear strength (from 11.41 to 13.89 MPa). More importantly, F‐RCF/FEB exhibited excellent anti‐flammability in terms of a high limiting oxygen index value of 34.3% and a UL‐94 V‐0 rating, and the peak heat release and total heat release were also markedly reduced by 44.9% and 36.9%, respectively. Mechanism analysis revealed that the modified system effectively prevented the wick effect and provided an inhibitory effect in the gaseous phase, as well as a barrier effect in the condensed phase. This study presents a non‐destructive modification strategy for plant fibers, which may also inspire the synchronous enhancement of interfacial compatibility and fire‐proof performance of PFRCs. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of Families Addressing Cancer Together for Parents With Cancer: Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Effects
Authors: Nakamura Zev M. , Deal Allison M. , Yopp Justin M. , Wardell Alexis C. , Manning Michelle , Pak Phoebe , Cassidy Anna , Hanson Laura C. , Jung Ahrang , Song Mi‐Kyung , Valle Carmina G. , Walker Cole , Won Hannah , Park Eliza M. , Rosenstein Donald L. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of Families Addressing Cancer Together (FACT), a web‐based, individually tailored, psychoeducational intervention for parents with cancer to improve illness‐related communication with their minor children.MethodsParents with stage I‐IV solid tumors who had children ages 3–17 were randomized to 6 weeks of FACT versus waitlist control. Feasibility was assessed by rates of recruitment and retention. Acceptability (primary outcome) was defined a priori as ≥ 75% of FACT participants rating FACT ≥ 12 (on an 18‐point study‐specific scale), and semi‐structured interviews provided additional qualitative acceptability information. Generalized estimating equation methods were used to assess preliminary efficacy for communication self‐efficacy, depression, and anxiety; Fisher's exact tests explored differences in individual communication beliefs and behaviors.ResultsForty‐eight approached patients enrolled (recruitment rate: 73%), 85% were retained through the post‐intervention assessment, and 78% rated FACT as acceptable. In the FACT group compared to control, the modeled improvement in CSES scores from baseline to post‐intervention was 9.5 versus 0 points (p = 0.004). FACT participants were more likely to have told their children that they have cancer (83.3% vs. 52.2%, p = 0.03) and felt more prepared to answer their children's questions about cancer (p = 0.02). Groups did not differ in depression or anxiety.ConclusionsFACT was feasible, acceptable, and demonstrated potential to improve parents' communication self‐efficacy, beliefs, and behaviors. A large scale randomized controlled trial of FACT is needed to confirm these benefits and evaluate longer‐term effects on psychological outcomes for parents with cancer and their children.
Knockout of a testis‐specific gene cluster impairs male fertility in the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda
Authors: Wang Pei , Zhao Yuchen , Cheng Yalan , Tian Siyu , Bai Yuxuan , Zuo Junfeng , Palli Subba Reddy , Chen Xien 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe function of some testis‐specific genes (TSGs) in model insects have been studied, but their function in non‐model insects remains largely unexplored. In the present study, we identified several TSGs in the fall armyworm (FAW), a significant agricultural pest, through comparative transcriptomic analysis. A testis‐specific gene cluster (TSGC) comprising multiple functional genes and long non‐coding RNAs was found.RESULTSQuantitative PCR analysis validated the testis‐specific expression of genes within this cluster across different developmental stages. Interspecies collinearity analysis indicated that this TSGC is conserved among lepidopterans. To elucidate the function of this TSGC, we employed the CRISPR/Cas9 gene‐editing technique to generate loss‐of‐function mutants. Notably, the hatching rate of eggs produced by wild‐type females mated with mutant males (approximately 30%) was substantially lower than that of eggs from wild‐type females mated with wild‐type males (approximately 80%). Additionally, a significant reduction in the size and number of sperm was observed in the testis of mutant males compared to wild‐type males.CONCLUSIONCollectively, this study not only elucidates the role of the TSGC in supporting male fertility in the FAW, which provides valuable information for understanding the mechanism of male reproduction in insects, but also identifies potential target genes for the development of genetic control strategies against lepidopteran pests. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
PepFuNN: Novo Nordisk Open‐Source Toolkit to Enable Peptide in Silico Analysis
Authors: Ochoa Rodrigo , Deibler Kristine 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWe present PepFuNN, a new open‐source version of the PepFun package with functions to study the chemical space of peptide libraries and perform structure–activity relationship analyses. PepFuNN is a Python package comprising five modules to study peptides with natural amino acids and, in some cases, sequences with non‐natural amino acids based on the availability of a public monomer dictionary. The modules allow calculating physicochemical properties, performing similarity analysis using different peptide representations, clustering peptides using molecular fingerprints or calculated descriptors, designing peptide libraries based on specific requirements, and a module dedicated to extracting matched pairs from experimental campaigns to guide the selection of the most relevant mutations in design new rounds. The code and tutorials are available at https://github.com/novonordisk‐research/pepfunn.
Innovative Integration of Robotic‐Assisted Laparoscopic Telesurgery and Quantum Cryptography Communication in Urology: Clinical Application and Initial Experience
Authors: Chu Guangdi , Yang Xuecheng , Zhang Xin , Guan Bo , Zhao Jianchang , Gao Yuan , Yuan Yi , Cao Yuxuan , Wang Shuxin , Li Jianmin , Niu Haitao 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe emergence of telesurgery has received global interest, with secure network transmission identified as a crucial determinant of its success. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and viability of employing quantum cryptography communication in remote partial nephrectomy.MethodsThe surgeon operated on the patient from a distance of over 260 km using remote control of a surgical robot. Key evaluation metrics for the telesurgery procedure included success rate, incidence of complications, network latency, and packet loss.ResultsThe average BMI of these patients was 29.4 kg/m2, the average warm ischaemia time was 26 min, and the packet loss rate was 0%. Postoperative patient recovery, as indicated by follow‐up results, was favourable.ConclusionsWe introduced a novel telesurgical paradigm for partial nephrectomy based on quantum cryptography communication. The application of pioneering technology provides patients with a safer choice for telemedical treatment and promotes the application of telesurgery.
“Everyone's Struggling:” Coping With Institutionalized Hierarchies of Competence Through Emotional Resonance
Authors: Zhang Muxin , Kuo Eric 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn instructional settings involving social interactions, emotions such as discomfort, embarrassment, and shame can be induced by social comparison of competence, judgment from peers, and conflict with other students. As part of the special issue Centering Affect and Emotion Toward Justice and Dignity in Science Education, this paper presents a case study of how four university engineering students in an introductory physics course addressed the emotional discomfort that arose when a hierarchy of competence emerged among group members, to demonstrate two points. First, local hierarchical positionings of who is more or less competent can create vulnerabilities and discomfort, which students can cope with by sharing and relating to each other's negative emotional experiences as engineering majors. This “emotional resonance” can be a resource for helping students locally reposition to find common ground and resist hierarchical positionings. Second, the local construction of hierarchical positioning among students, and the resulting emotional discomfort, can be supported by larger institutional structures and hierarchies within STEM culture. Although emotional resonance can locally alleviate discomfort and help students avoid hierarchical positionings, the legitimacy of positioning some students as “smarter” than others based on institutional labels and other markers of success can be left unchallenged. Therefore, efforts to support student emotions in STEM education should look beyond local interventions and critically examine pathways through which institutional structures and STEM culture can create hierarchical and competitive relations between students, generate feelings of not being “smart” enough, and increase the socioemotional risks of learning.
Long‐Lasting and High‐Power‐Density Yarn‐Based Moisture‐Enabled Electric Generator for Self‐powered Electronic Textiles
Authors: Gao Wenhu , Liu Feng , Zheng Yanling , Wang Chenyu , Jian Yihao , Ju Jun , Wang Wei , Lu Zhisong , Qiao Yan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract1D moisture‐enabled electric generators (MEGs) hold great promise for powering electronic textiles, but their current limitations in power output and operational duration restrict their application in wearable technology. This study introduces a high‐performance yarn‐based moisture‐enabled electric generator (YMEG), which comprises a carbon‐fiber core, a cotton yarn active layer with a radial gradient of poly(4‐styrensulfonic acid) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PSSA/PVA), and an aluminum wire as the outer electrode. The unique design maintains a persistent moisture gradient between the interior and exterior electrodes, enhancing performance through the continuous proton diffusion from PSSA and Al3⁺ ions from the aluminum wire. The optimized 5‐cm‐long YMEG delivers an open‐circuit voltage of 1.35 V and a short‐circuit current density of 460 µA cm−2, sustaining over 300 µA cm−2 for more than 5 h. When woven into a 1 m long yarn containing 95 YMEGs, it generates 101.0 V at 60% relative humidity. Additionally, a configuration of 420 YMEGs connected in series and parallel can power a 1 W LED and a 40 mW motor. This innovative YMEG design paves the way for self‐powered electronic textiles such as warning vests and headbands, capable of harnessing insensible sweat for energy.