bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Clinical Effectiveness of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation
on Enhancing Recovery after Cesarean Section: A Systematic Review and
Meta-Analysis
Authors: Albadrani Muayad Saud , Elhusein Amal Mohamed , Ali Fadlalmola Hammad , Mohamed Osman Abdalla , Hosean  Balola Hamza , Elsayed Ebrahim Elturabi , Saud Albadrani Muhannad , Saad Mohammed Amira Mohamed , Hamouda Babiker Sitelgeel , Miskeen Elhadi , Elnour Suaad , Yousif Elhussain Mariam 
Published: August 2023

Background:
The transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation TENS was used following several surgical procedures involving gynecological ones and has shown a successful pain reduction rate. TENS was proposed to enhance recovery after cesarean section CS.

Objective:
This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation TENS in enhancing recovery after a cesarean section.

Methods:
We performed the Meta-analyses using RevMan software. Data were pooled as mean difference (MD) if continuous and risk ratio (RR) if dichotomous, and the 95% confidence interval (CI) as calculated.

Results:
This systematic review included 12 RCTs, with a total of 1,116 women studied. The TENS effectively reduced the intensity of pain just by following its application (SMD=-0.61; 95% CI [-0.82, -0.39], P<0.00001), one day after (SMD=-0.25; 95% CI [-0.47, -0.04], P=0.02), and two days after (SMD=-0.27; 95% CI [-0.50, -0.03], P=0.03).

Conclusion:
The TENS effectively reduces the pain intensity following its application and after one or two days. TENS has no effect on the cumulative dose of diclofenac. Because of the inadequacy of safety data, we recommend conducting further RCTs.
Thermal Instability of Commercial Dual-axis MEMS Accelerometers
Authors: Łuczak Sergiusz , Zams Maciej , Pieńczuk Paweł 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
Thermal drifts of MEMS sensors are one of their biggest shortcomings.
However, experimental studies may offer a solution while striving for the reduction of related errors.

Objective:
The aim was to determine the thermal drifts of MEMS accelerometers associated with the
offset voltage and the scale factor and then to propose a way of reducing the resultant errors.

Methods:
Four commercial dual-axis MEMS accelerometers (two pieces of ADXL 202E and two
pieces of ADXL 203 by Analog Devices Inc.) with analog outputs were experimentally tested with respect
to their thermal instability, employing two computer-controlled test rigs that provided a stable
orientation of the accelerometers.

Results:
It was found that the thermal drifts of the offset voltage generated by the tested accelerometers
were considerable, resulting in respective errors of about 14 mg (ADXL 202E) or 7 mg (ADXL
203), whereas catalog values of drifts of the scale factor were much lower.

Conclusion:
The determined values are smaller than their counterparts specified in the relevant manufacturer
datasheets; significant differences exist between the tested pieces of the two accelerometers
(40% or 78%) as well as between the two sensitive axes of a single accelerometer (84% or 80%), this
can be taken into consideration while striving for a higher accuracy of an acceleration measurement.
Demanding Equal Inheritance Rights For Women: Tension Among Shari’a and Tunisia’s New Constitution 2014
Authors: Juliandi Budi 
Published: August 2023

President Essebsi (2017) approved the law of gender equality in inheritance in Tunisia. Instead of gaining public appreciation of Islam, this achievement was seen as contrary to sharia. This research seeks to address whether or not there could be a common ground between applying sharia and gender equality through an examination of sharia regarding inheritance, and, finally, an attempt to show the relationship between sharia and the Tunisia’s constitution of 2014 in responding to social change. The paper argues that in spite of the constitution’s progressive language, women still face legal discrimination in their ability to inherit because of sharia.
Reflections of Women Standard Setters in the United States
Authors: Baudot Lisa , Convery Amanda M. , Kaufman Matt 
Published: August 2023

SYNOPSIS
Motivated by trends toward gender equality on standard-setting boards in the United States, this study interviews women members of the FASB, GASB, and EITF to understand the factors critical to their successful nomination and appointment. Semistructured interviews were conducted with women standard setters to root our understanding in their own experiences and perceptions. Value emerged as a generalizing theme. Participants perceived value to the board in nomination as associated with professional expertise and ties with professional societies. Most participants perceived value in giving back to the profession by serving as a voice for an important stakeholder group as a critical factor for acceptance. Women standard setters consistently downplay the idea that diversity, equity, and inclusion represent primary decision criteria for board membership. Instead, their reflections imply that it is up to the profession to implement practices that promote the advancement of the most competent professionals from all backgrounds.
Data Availability: Anonymized interview data are available upon request to the authors and are subject to prior consent by participants to share.
JEL Classifications: M41; M48.
Thinking Like an Auditor: Evaluating Information to Arrive at Evidence-Based Conclusions
Authors: Allen Robert D. , Gramling Audrey A. , Hermanson Dana R. 
Published: August 2023

SYNOPSIS
The sources of information today are quite varied and often conflicting, leading to claims of fake news, conspiracy theories, outright lies, and censorship. In such an environment, how do you work toward evidence-based conclusions, or truth when possible? In this paper, we discuss the Auditing Standards Board (ASB)’s Audit Evidence Framework (AEF) and recent Public Company Accounting Oversight Board evidence-related guidance as valuable tools to help auditors and others evaluate the information they might use to arrive at evidence-based conclusions. We encourage others to “think like an auditor” when evaluating information. Our fundamental message is that information is not automatically evidence that should be used to support conclusions. Instead, information needs to be carefully evaluated before it rises to the level of evidence to support a conclusion.
Biochar: Pemanfaatan dan Aplikasi Praktis
Authors: Evizal Rusdi , Prasmatiwi Fembriarti Erry 
Published: August 2023

Biochar is a carbon-rich solid produced from the pyrolysis of biomass such as wood, manure, and leaves under high temperature and low oxygen conditions which is used for agricultural applications as a soil amendment. This paper reviews the utilization and practical application of biochar. The application of biochar into the soil can improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil, namely increasing porosity, water holding capacity, soil aggregation, increasing pH, cation exchange capacity, soil organic carbon, nutrient retention and availability, and increasing microbial life, meso and soil macrofauna. Aside from being a soil amendment, biochar has a function on issues of global warming, climate change, and the environment, namely its role in carbon sequestration and stabilization, greenhouse gas emissions, and soil pollutant remediation. If biochar is applied properly, namely using the right feedstock materials, method of manufacture, dosage, method of application, and place, it will affect agronomic performance and crop yields. Reduced yields are mostly occured in temperate climates as biochar significantly increases soil pH causing an effect of excessive liming resulting in immobilization of key nutrients such as Mg, Fe, B, and P. Biochar needs to be mixed or applied together with fertilizer ingredients such as chemical fertilizers, bio-fertilizers, compost, and manure. Another effort is to enrich biochar with those materials so that biochar is categorized as a biochar-based fertilizer that has a higher selling price. Key words : Application, biochar, benefit, method, crop yield
Analisis Spasial Kekeringan di Kabupaten Pelalawan Provinsi Riau
Authors: Sholikha May  Tiza Mar Atus , Zuriyani Elvi , Ulni Arie Zella Putra , Saputra Hendra 
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis :1) Persebaran wilayah kekeringan di Kabupaten Pelalawan dan 2) Menganalisis faktor yang mempengaruhi kekeringan. Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif kuantitatif, Populasi mencakup semua Wilayah di Kabupten Pelalawan. Sampel penelitian mencakup semua kecamatan yang ada di Kabupaten Pelalawan yang ditentukan dengan teknik total sampling.. Hasil penelitian : 1) Persebaran wilayah kekeringan di Kabupten Pelalawan luas lahan keseluruhan nya 1.300.473 Ha, Tingkat kerawanan kekeringan di Kategorikan “Tinggi” luas wilayah yang dicakupi 667.779 Ha dan kategori “Rendah” Seluas 316.976 Ha. Jadi dapat di simpulkan persebaran wilayah kekeringan termasuk Tinggi dengan wilayah kecamatan yang memliki rawan kekeringan paling tinggi yaitu Kecamatan Teluk meranti 265.739 Ha, Pangkalan kuras 116.116 Ha, Langgam 62.488 Ha dan Kerumutan 47.015 Ha, dan wilayah kekeringan yang sedikit di Kecamatan Kuala Kampar 3.195 Ha dan Bandar Petalangan 7.037 Ha. 2) Faktor geografis dominan yang mempengaruhi kekeringan adalah Jenis tanah dengan wilayah tertinggi berada di jenis tanah Padsolik sebesar 250.784 Ha, wilayah Kemiringan Lereng 25-45% seluas 229.862 Ha dan tutupan lahan seperti perkebunan 205,826 Ha, Hutan rawa sekunder 168.189 Ha dan Hutan Tanaman seluas 126.021 Ha.
THE EFFECT OF CONSTRUCTIVISM LEARNING ON STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES: A META ANALYSIS STUDY
Authors: Tanjung Yul Ifda , Irfandi Irfandi , Sudarma Teguh Febri , Lufri Lufri , Asrizal Asrizal , Hardeli Hardeli 
Published: August 2023

Constructivism in learning is a philosophy that holds where the process of forming knowledge in individuals is the result of mental activity supported by the process of learning experience. Many studies have been conducted on the effect of constructivism theory on learning outcomes, but few have quantifies the effect so that it can be analyzed qualitatively. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to quantify the effect size of the relationship between constructivism theory and student learning outcomes using meta-analytic research and data analysis techniques with openMEE software. Data was collected from Scopus and Google Scholar for 17 articles published in 2019 till 2022. Based on the analysis, In terms of the effectiveness of constructivism learning theory, an estimated data of 1.548 is obtained which indicates that constructivist theory has great effectiveness in improving student learning outcomes. In addition, the effect size measurement at the primary and secondary levels of education indicates that the student is in high category. This explains why constructivism learning is very well implemented because children at this level are already able to be encouraged to construct their own knowledge which influences their learning outcomes.
STUDENTâ€™S REFLECTIVE ABSTRACTION ON THE APPLICATION OF AUGMENTED REALITY-ASSISTED MATHEMATICS LEARNING MEDIA
Authors: Wafiqoh Risnina , Zaliman Iski , Martahayu Vika , Tohir Muhammad , Cesaria Anna 
Published: August 2023

Hasil observasi pada salah satu sekolah di SMA Pangkalpinang adalah banyak siswa yang mengalami kesulitan parah dalam pembelajaran matematika. Pembelajaran matematika lebih bermakna dan mudah diingat oleh siswa jika konsep yang belum mereka ketahui dapat mereka temukan sendiri. Oleh sebab itu abstraksi reflektif siswa dirasa sangat penting untuk dikembangkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan abstraksi reflektif siswa dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran matematika berbantuan augmented reality. Penelitian dilakukan melibatkan siswa kelas X sebanyak 44 orang yang terbagi pada dua kelas. dua kelas yang dilibatkan terdiri dari satu kelas eksperimen dan satu kelas lagi sebagai kelas kontrol masing-masing berjumlah 22 siswa. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tes yang diberikan saat pretest dan postest. Soal pretest dan postest sudah disesuaikan dengan indikator abtraksi reflektif sehingga dapat dipastikan kredibel dalam pengukuran abstraksi reflektif siswa. Analisis data menggunakan uji prasyarat kolmogorov smirnov dan levenenyang sebelumnya dilakukan uji N-Gain terlebih dahulu, lalu dilanjutkan dengan uji hipotesis menggunakan uji U-Mann Whitney. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah, dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran matematika berbantuan augmented reality dapat meningkatkan kemampuan abstraksi reflektif siswa.Â The result of observations at one of the high schools in Pangkalpinang shows that many students experienced severe difficulties in learning mathematics. Mathematics learning is more meaningful and easy for students to memorize if they are able to find the unknown concepts on their own. Therefore, students' reflective abstraction is considered very important to develop. This study aims to improve students' reflective abstraction by using augmented reality assisted mathematics learning media. The research was conducted involving 44 grade 10 students who were divided into two classes. The two classes involved consist of one experimental class and one control class; each class consists of 22 students. The data collection used is the test technique given during the pretest and posttest. The pretest and posttest questions have been adapted to indicators of reflective abstraction so that it can be ascertained that the questions are credible in measuring studentâ€™s reflective abstraction. The data analysis used is the Kolmogorov Smirnov and Levenen prerequisite tests which were previously carried out by the N-Gain test first, then continued with hypothesis testing using the U-Mann Whitney test. The results obtained show that the application of augmented reality mathematics learning media can improve students' reflective abstraction abilities
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS MATEMATIS DAN HASIL BELAJAR MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING
Authors: Hartanti Ardiyana , Purnomo Yoppy Wahyu 
Published: August 2023

Abstrak Abad 21 yang semakin berkembang membutuhkan keterampilan berpikir kritis untuk pemecahan masalah matematis sehingga hasil skor belajar juga akan meningkat. Tujuan dilaksanakan penelitian yaitu untuk meningkatkan keterampilan dalam berpikir kritis, mengetahui peningkatan nilai belajar siswa, dan menguraikan penerapan Problem based learning (PBL) lebih ditingkatkan pada keterampilan siswa dalam berpikir kritis dan hasil skor nilai belajar siswa. Penelitian ini masuk dalam jenis Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Subjek penelitian yaitu seluruh peserta didik kelas 4 SD Negeri 1 Logede sebanyak 36 peserta didik. Analisis data terhadap pada penelitian Â termasuk ke dalam analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Dibuktikan adanya peningkatan ketrampilan berpikir kritis yaitu siklus I sebanyak 60,82 (tidak kritis) meningkat di siklus II pada kondisi akhir menjadi 74,21 (cukup kritis). Rata-rata nilai sebelum pembelajaran pada kondisi awal yaitu 61,85 mengalami peningkatan di siklus I bertambah 70 dan di siklus II yaitu 82. Siswa dikatakan berhasil pada standar KKM yaitu 70 maka sebelum pembelajaran sebanyak 44,84%, bertambah di siklus I sebanyak 69,45% dan di siklus II sebanyak 88,89%. Hasil terhadap penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dengan model problem based learning (PBL) dapat meningkatkan keterampilan siswa untuk berpikir kritis serta hasil belajar siswa.Kata kunci: Hasil belajar, Keterampilan berpikir kritis, Problem based learning
IMPROVING THE MATHEMATICAL CREATIVE THINKING ABILITY AND SOFT SKILLS STUDENTS THROUGH VIDEOSCRIBE MULTIMEDIA TEACHING MATERIALS
Authors: Kurniati Kurniati , Rohayati Siti 
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine the increase of improving in The Mathematical CreativeÂ Thinking Ability and Soft skills of chemical analysts school students in the Bogor City throughÂ Videoscribe Multimedia Teaching Materials. This research uses the Research & Development (R & D) method by researching and developing multimedia videoscribe learning materials in mathematics learning. The instruments use in this study are videoscribe teaching materials, RPP, pretest and posttest, and soft skills scale questionnaire. The tests use the essay test because they are used to measure high-level abilities. The attitude scale use the Likert Model soft skills scale. The research use two different classes. The first class is an experimental group that obtains learning using videoscribe, while the second class is a control group that does not use videoscribe. The results showed that students who obtained learning using videoscribe media has an increase in creative thinking ability and soft skills better than students who use conventional learning. Data analysis of the increase in the creative thinking ability using 2-way analysis of varians statistical test with interaction, while data analysis for the improvement of soft skills uses the U-Mann Whitney Non-Parametric Test.Â
Finite element method (FEM) analysis of the force systems produced by asymmetric inner headgear bows
Authors: Geramy Allahyar , Kizilova Natalya , Terekhov Leonid 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background: Extra-oral traction appliances were introduced more than a century ago and continue to be used to produce orthopaedic and/or dental changes in the maxilla. While force systems produced by asymmetric outer bows have been studied extensively, the force systems produced by asymmetric inner bows have been overlooked.

Aim: To analyse the forces acting on the maxillary first molars: when the size of one bayonet bend is increased; when the point of application of the distalising force on the inner bow is moved to one side; when one molar is displaced palatally.

Methods: Four FEM models of cervical headgear attached to maxillary first molars were designed in SolidWorks 2010 and transferred to an ANSYS Workbench Ver. 12.1. Model 1, each molar was 23 mm from the midpalatal line and the inner bow was symmetrical; Model 2, the left molar was displaced 4 mm towards the midpalatal line and the inner bow was symmetrical; Model 3, the molars were equidistant (23 mm) from the midpalatal line, but the left molar was engaged by a 2 mm larger bayonet bend; Model 4, the molars were equidistant (23 mm) from the midpalatal line but the join between the inner and outer bows was displaced 2 mm towards the left molar. In all FEM models, a 2N force was applied to the inner bow at the join between inner and outer bows and the energy transmitted to the teeth and the von Mises stresses on the molar PDLs were assessed.

Results: There were marked differences in the strain energy on the teeth and the von Mises stresses on their PDLs. A 14 to 20 per cent increase in energy and force was produced on the tooth closer to the symmetric plane of the headgear. In addition, the increase in energy produced a 30 to 62 per cent increase in the von Mises stresses within the PDLs.

Conclusion: Small asymmetries in molar position, the size of a bayonet bend and the point of application of a force on an inner bow resulted in asymmetrical forces on the molars. These forces were higher on the molar closer to the symmetric plane of the headgear.
A qualitative investigation of specialist orthodontists in New Zealand. Part 1. Orthodontists and orthodontic practice
Authors: Soma Kieran J. , Murray Thomson W. , Morgaine Kate C. , Harding Winifred J. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background: Current knowledge of orthodontic practice is largely anecdotal and the lack of systematic knowledge can create barriers to better identifying the factors that make a successful orthodontist. The aim of this study was to investigate the routine practising lives of New Zealand orthodontists in order to generate an understanding of the reality of orthodontic specialist practice and its effects on their professional and personal lives.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted involving 19 practising orthodontists (four females, 15 males; mean age 50 years) throughout New Zealand.Transcribed interviews were analysed for themes using an applied grounded theory approach.

Results: A core category of ‘practising orthodontists’ was derived, and related themes were grouped under the sub-categories of: (a) NZ orthodontic specialist practice; (b) NZ specialist orthodontists; and (c) work-life balance. The present paper reports on the first two sub-categories. Themes elucidated under the specialist practice sub-category included modernisation, changing social norms, practice arrangement, branch practice, staffing, competition, legislation, advertising, the future and the provision of orthodontics by non-specialists. Themes in the orthodontic specialist sub-category were prior experience, postgraduate training, recent graduates, reasons for specialising, generational differences, females in orthodontics, NZ and overseas practice, the ageing profession and the prospect of an orthodontist shortage.

Conclusions: This investigation has shed light on orthodontists and the practice of orthodontics in New Zealand and determined aspects rarely discussed in the current or previous literature. It will be valuable to observe how orthodontists and orthodontic practice continue to evolve in response to changes in NZ society.
Association between maxillary canine impaction and arch dimensions
Authors: Fattahi Hamidreza , Ghaeed Fatemeh , Alipour Abbas 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective: To compare palatal height index, arch width, and arch length characteristics in Iranian patients presenting with palatal and buccal canine impaction with a matched control group.

Materials and methods: The case-control study examined 53 patients with canine impaction. The subjects were divided into two groups determined by buccal or palatal impaction which were compared with 53 control subjects presenting without impaction. Subjects in the experimental groups were matched with individuals in the control group according to age, gender, crowding and type of malocclusion. Palatal height and arch length were measured with a Korkhaus three-dimensional divider. Arch width was determined in the anterior and posterior portions of the maxillary arch with a digital caliper. Data were compared with paired t-tests.

Results: The buccal canine impaction group exhibited mean differences in arch length between the case and control groups of 0.8 mm (SD 1.63, p = 0.041). The differences between the case and control groups in intermolar width, interpremolar width, intercanine width, palatal depth, and palatal height index were not statistically significant. The palatal impaction group showed no statistically significant differences between the case and control group in any of the dependent variables (p ≤ 0.05). In a re-test examination of arch dimensions, Bland-Altman plots showed no differences between the first and second measurements.

Conclusions: Arch length in the buccal canine group was the only statistically significant variable. The difference was small and was considered not clinically significant.