bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term clinical outcome of 103 patients with acromegaly after pituitary surgery
Authors: Pennlund Anna , Esposito Daniela , Bontell Thomas Olsson , Skoglund Thomas , Hallén Tobias , Carén Helena , Johannsson Gudmundur , Olsson Daniel S. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Acromegaly is a rare disease that can be challenging to treat due to residual pituitary adenoma after surgery or variable response to medical treatments. The primary aim of the study was to evaluate the path of treatment and long-term outcome of acromegaly after pituitary surgery.

Methods
Patients with acromegaly who had undergone surgery for a growth hormone-producing pituitary neuroendocrine tumor also known as a pituitary adenoma, at Sahlgrenska University Hospital between 1994 and 2019 were included in the study. Medical records from diagnosis to the end of study (November 2022) were reviewed for surgical outcome and treatment patterns related to acromegaly.

Results
In the cohort of 103 patients, 111 surgeries were performed. Mean follow-up duration was 12.7 (range: 0–37) years. Lesions were identified as a macroadenoma in 76 (76.8%) cases. At post-surgical follow-up until discharge from hospital, surgical complications and new pituitary hormone deficiency or syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion occurred in 37% of cases. At 1-year post-surgery follow-up, 50% of evaluable patients achieved biochemical control of acromegaly. Of the 96 patients who had follow-up > 1 year, 53 (51.5%) had no additional medication for acromegaly after surgery until end of their follow-up. From diagnosis to the end of follow-up, 53 patients received medical therapy and seven were treated with radiotherapy.

Conclusion
About half of the patients had biochemical control of acromegaly 1-year post-surgery. Treatment patterns reflected the complexity of post-surgical management and provided an overview of the long-term clinical progression in patients with acromegaly following pituitary surgery.
Combined metal treatments cause marked changes in the ionomic patterns in Szarvasi-1 energy grass shoot biomass
Authors: Rana Deepali , Arcoverde Cerveira Sterner Vitor , May Zoltán , Sipos Gyula , Fodor Ferenc 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background and aims
Trace metal (TM) contamination has been and still is a major environmental threat as pollutants are frequently released to the environment through various channels. High biomass plants used for energy production can be a good option for decontamination or stabilization of soils. In the present study we have tested Szarvasi-1 energy grass (Elymus elongatus subsp. ponticus cv. Szarvasi-1) under single or combined treatment with three TMs (Cu, Cd, and Pb) in three concentrations aiming to reveal bioaccumulation and ionomic characteristics.

Methods
The plants were grown in soil spiked with Cd, Cu and Pb in single or combined treatments. Physiological and elemental data were collected, and the changes were evaluated using several multivariate analyses.

Results
Germination, growth, chlorophyll (Chl) content and photochemical reflectance index (PRI) declined in the Pb < Cu ~ Cd order whereas the relative water content and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of the shoots were stable across the treatments. In the combined treatments the growth variables, Chl and PRI declined rapidly and MDA increased showing the exhaustion of detoxification capacity of the plant. The accumulation of TMs (bioconcentration factor) decreased in the following order Cd > Cu > Pb in both single and combined treatments but in the latter the accumulation pattern slightly changed in favour of Pb. The nutrient and trace elements showed a characteristic change in their pattern in the shoots.

Conclusions
Our study points to the limitations of the application of grasses such as Szarvasi-1 energy grass in phytoremediation projects conducted on soils with multiple metal contamination.
Effects of target coverage on local recurrence in stereotactic body radiotherapy for early-stage lung squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Sudo Shuou , Kita Nozomi , Tomita Natsuo , Takaoka Taiki , Okazaki Dai , Niwa Masanari , Torii Akira , Takano Seiya , Oguri Masanosuke , Matsuura Akane , Ukai Machiko , Niimi Akio , Hiwatashi Akio 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background and purpose
This study investigated effects of target coverage on local recurrence (LR) in stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for early-stage lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Materials and methods
Patients with clinical stage IA1–IIA lung SCC treated with SBRT were included in the analysis. Doses of 48–52 Gy were prescribed to the isocenter of the planning target volume according to the tumor diameter. The primary endpoint was LR. To examine the independent effects of dosimetric factors on LR after adjustment for clinical factors, Fine–Gray model with death as a competing risk was used for evaluation.

Results
Among all 59 patients analyzed, the median follow-up was 42 months. The 3-year LR rate was 24.0%. Univariate analysis of clinical factors showed that biologically effective dose calculated with an α/β value of 10 (BED10) was associated with LR (p = 0.033). After adjustment for clinical factors, internal target volume (ITV) Dmean was associated with LR (p = 0.049). Subgroup analysis was performed for each prescribed dose group. The results of Fine–Gray model and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that ITV Dmean > 100% of the prescribed dose was the best indicator of preventing LR.

Conclusions
ITV coverage may be particularly important in SBRT for early-stage lung SCC.
Purification and characterization of anthocyanin from Irish wild blackberry: impact on color, composition, and antioxidant capacity
Authors: Bhosale Sanyogita Sangram , Granato Daniel , Mohammadi Nima 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The extraction of anthocyanins from fruits and food waste using eco-friendly techniques has gained attention. This study, for the first time, used Amberlite XAD-7 resin to purify Irish wild blackberries, known for their high polyphenol and anthocyanin content. Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) with 60% ethanol at 325 W for 7.5 min was employed. The crude extract (BCE) was purified with resin to remove impurities while retaining anthocyanins. The total phenolic content (TPC) was 9.35 ± 0.07 mg GAE/g for BCE and 8.82 ± 0.33 mg GAE/g for the purified extract (BPE). Total anthocyanin content (TAC) was 0.21 ± 0.01 mg CYE/g for BCE and 0.15 ± 0.01 mg CYE/g for BPE. HPLC identified cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) as the dominant anthocyanin. The C3G concentration was 5.50 ± 0.02 mg/g in BCE and 4.01 ± 0.01 mg/g in BPE at 520 nm. Antioxidant capacity assessed via CUPRAC, FRAP, and DPPH assays showed significant differences between BCE and BPE in CUPRAC (25.13 ± 1.09 mg AAE/g for BCE vs. 23.06 ± 0.26 mg AAE/g for BPE), with no significant differences in FRAP and DPPH assays. Amberlite XAD-7 resin effectively removed impurities while preserving antioxidant capacity, making BPE a potential ingredient for pharmaceutical and food applications due to its concentrated anthocyanin content, thereby introducing a novel approach in the field.

Graphical Abstract
Flap Valve-Preserving Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy (INNOVATE-VSG): Clinical Trial Study Protocol
Authors: Nguyen Ninh T. , Gadde Kishore M. , Mittal Ravinder K. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Conventional vertical sleeve gastrectomy (cVSG), the most commonly performed bariatric surgery, is associated with low complications, durable weight loss, and significant improvement of many obesity-related comorbidities. However, numerous studies have reported that patients who underwent the cVSG have worsening or new onset (de
novo) gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) which could be related to a negative effect of the operative procedure on the geometry of the gastroesophageal junction impacting on the function of the native gastroesophageal valve. It is imperative to innovate the cVSG procedure because chronic GERD is a debilitating condition associated with increased risk for Barrett’s esophagus and esophageal cancer. INNOVATE-VSG aims to test whether a modified flap valve-preserving VSG (fvpVSG), compared to cVSG, will be associated with improvement of preexisting GERD.

Methods
The fvpVSG incorporates the following surgical modifications that strengthen the antireflux barrier: achieving 3 cm intrabdominal esophageal length; repair of the diaphragmatic crura; and preservation of 3 cm length of gastric fundus/cardia during the sleeve gastrectomy procedure which will be used to symmetrically wrap around the distal esophagus (120–160° wrap) to restore the naturally occurring gastroesophageal valve. A total of 44 obese patients (BMI 35–50 kg/m2) with pathologic GERD, confirmed by abnormal acid exposure time (AET), will be randomly assigned to cVSG or fvpVSG in this pilot randomized clinical trial at two academic sites. The primary outcome is the change in AET at 6–9 months after surgery. Secondary outcomes include changes in the lower esophageal sphincter pressure, compliance of the esophagogastric junction, weight loss, and quality of life.

Discussion
Data generated from the INNOVATE-VSG trial will be used to design a larger multi-center randomized clinical trial to confirm the value of preserving a functioning gastroesophageal valve following sleeve gastrectomy.
Sedentary behavior and physical activity one year after colorectal cancer diagnosis: results from the ColoCare Study
Authors: Viskochil Richard H. , Lin Tengda , Gigic Biljana , Himbert Caroline , Bandera Victoria M. , Skender Stephanie , Holowatyj Andreana N. , Schrotz-King Petra , Steindorf Karen , Strehli Ildiko , Mutch Matthew G. , Chao Dante , Toriola Adetunji T. , Shibata David , Siegel Erin M. , Li Christopher I. , Hardikar Sheetal , Peoples Anita R. , Figueiredo Jane C. , Schneider Martin , Ulrich Cornelia M. , Ose Jennifer 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Physical activity plays key roles in colorectal cancer survivorship; however, the impact of different clinicodemographic outcomes on cross-sectional and longitudinal objectively measured physical activity 12 and 24 months post-diagnosis are unclear.

Methods
ColoCare study participants (n = 165) wore an Actigraph GT3x accelerometer for 4–10 consecutive days to objectively assess activity levels 12 and 24 months after colorectal cancer diagnosis and resection. Associations between these clinical/demographic exposures and physical activity outcomes and longitudinal changes were determined using t-test, ANOVA F-test, and linear regression modeling, adjusting for common confounders (e.g., sex, age, stage).

Results
Key physical activity and sedentary behavior variables significantly differed by demographic status, including minutes of weekly exercise by sex and age (age < 50: 364 min ± 303 min; age 50–70: 232 min ± 263 min; age > 70: 93 min ± 135 min, p < 0.001) and (%) daily sedentary time by age (age < 50: 64 ± 10%; age 50–70: 67 ± 7%; age > 70: 71 ± 7%, p = 0.003). Within the multivariate model, age was the primary measure consistently associated with activity differences. Participants who wore accelerometers 12- and 24-month post-resection (n = 52) significantly increased weekly exercise minutes (214 min ± 208 min vs. 288 min ± 316 min, p = 0.04).

Conclusion
Age is the primary clinicodemographic determinant separating physical activity levels in colorectal cancer survivors, and increases in exercise from 12 to 24 months are likely due to consolidation of sporadic daily physical activity into bouts of exercise.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
Colorectal cancer survivors experience different volumes and changes in accelerometer-derived physical activity based on some (e.g., age) but not all (e.g., stage) clinicodemographic variables.
Agri–food supply chain design for perishable products: application to small-scale farmers
Authors: Bolívar Jorge , Cantillo Víctor , Miranda Pablo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Modelling the deterioration of perishable products in logistics systems is quite challenging as it depends on the nature of the product and environmental factors such as humidity and temperature in transport and storage processes. This paper proposes a mixed-integer linear programming model for designing a supply chain network of perishable agricultural products within a strategic and tactical-operational decision framework. The proposed framework considers price sensitivity to product quality, which decreases as the product approaches shelf life, and the possibility of choosing between refrigerated and non-refrigerated facilities, as the type of facility influences the quality and, consequently, the price of the product over the storage period. Based on deterministic scenarios, the model optimises warehouse type selection and location, market assignment to located warehouses, farmer selection and related product purchasing/producing, and inventory evolution, considering warehouse setting, purchasing, inventory, and transport costs, along with income from product selling in the existing markets. The final selling prices in the markets depend on product quality or deterioration level, which relies on how long products are stored in the warehouses. The model is applied to a real-world case of small farmers in Colombia, considering different product demand profiles. Results show that including deterioration of perishability products in supply chain design may significantly impact strategic decisions on network design, estimations of chain revenue, and inventory/capacity relationships. Also, the synchrony between supply and demand strongly influences the network structure. Finally, the choice of refrigerated facilities might effectively increase the profit of the agri-food supply chain over regular facilities.
Experimental assessment of the performance of terrestrial laser scanners in monitoring the geometric deformations in retaining walls
Authors: Algadhi Ali , Psimoulis Panos , Grizi Athina , Neves Luis 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) has a great potential to be used in monitoring structures, specifically retaining walls, due to its fast acquisition and contactless function. However, previous research showed that the accuracy of deformation estimation using the TLS varied between few millimeters to a few centimeters. The Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of retaining walls is executed according to their serviceability limits, and has to be taken with a tolerance of a few millimeters. Therefore, the aim in this study is to propose methods and approaches that ensure that the accuracy of the deformation estimation using the TLS is within

$$1-2 \hspace{0.2em} \text {mm}$$

1
-
2

mm

. This study is based on experimental assessment, where the main scenarios of geometric deformations in retaining walls are simulated through an experimental device (i.e., wooden sheet). The wooden sheet was scanned by a TLS from distance varying from

$$10-27 \hspace{0.2em} \text {m}$$

10
-
27

m

with scanning angle varying between

$${0}^{\circ } \hspace{0.2em} \text {and} \hspace{0.2em} {20}^{\circ }$$

0

∘

and

20

∘

. The wooden sheet was designed to simulate three main scenarios of deformation (i.e., lateral displacement, settlement and tilt) with amplitudes varying from

$$2 \hspace{0.2em} \text {to} \hspace{0.2em} 16 \hspace{0.2em} \text {mm}$$

2

to

16

mm

and

$${0.2}^{\circ } \hspace{0.2em} \text {to} \hspace{0.2em} {1.6}^{\circ }$$

0.2

∘

to

1.6

∘

for tilt. This study presents a holistic attempt based on controlled experiments to evaluate the performance in monitoring deformation, using a multi-parametric analysis and identifying approaches to enhance the application of TLS in monitoring deformation of wall-type structures, such as retaining wall. The TLS measurements were compared to robotic total station measurements as well as absolute measurements using a ruler. These strategies should enhance the efficient use of the TLS in monitoring small geometric deformations.
Nilmanifolds with non-nilpotent complex structures and their pseudo-Kähler geometry
Authors: Latorre Adela , Ugarte Luis 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We classify nilpotent Lie algebras with complex structures of weakly non-nilpotent type in real dimension eight, which is the lowest dimension where they arise. Our study, together with previous results on strongly non-nilpotent structures, completes the classification of 8-dimensional nilpotent Lie algebras admitting complex structures of non-nilpotent type. As an application, we identify those that support a pseudo-Kähler metric, thus providing new counterexamples to a previous conjecture and an infinite family of (Ricci-flat) non-flat neutral Calabi–Yau structures. Moreover, we arrive at the topological restriction

$$b_1(X)\ge 3$$

b
1

(
X
)

≥
3

for every pseudo-Kähler nilmanifold X with an invariant complex structure, up to complex dimension four.
Refining arrival headway for high-speed trains approaching a large railway station: a speed profile intervention approach
Authors: Lu Gongyuan , Zhang Hongxiang , Shen Zili , Liu Xiaobo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Arrival headway, the minimum time interval between two trains that consecutively stop in the same railway yard, significantly influences overall railway capacity and becomes a bottleneck in large high-speed railway yards. This occurs because the leading train slows considerably along the long receiving route to the yard; while, the following train continues at top speed, creating a substantial spatial and temporal interval between them. This paper proposes a speed profile intervention (SPI) approach to reduce arrival headway. By setting appropriate speed limits in specific block sections for each train, the following train decelerates in advance, thereby shortening the interval with its predecessor. We first study the impact of speed values and locations on arrival headway theoretically, then validate our findings through a multi-agent simulation approach to quantitatively investigate the relationship between headway and SPI parameters. Simulation experiments using real-world data from the Beijing–Shanghai high-speed railway demonstrate that the SPI approach can significantly reduce arrival headway without any infrastructure modifications. To mitigate potential side effects on travel time associated with this approach, we perform an analysis that involves setting appropriate speed limit values and selecting strategic locations for their implementation.
Highly Dynamic Cytoskeletal Networks Support Productive Viral Infection and Host Innate Immune Response Activation
Authors: De Conto Flora , Mancabelli Leonardo , Prandini Elizabeth , Ventura Marco 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose of Review
Increasing evidence shows that the onset of the host cytoskeleton changes during the viral infection process. The attainment of in-depth knowledge about the molecular pathways coopted by viruses to induce cytoskeleton remodeling represents a useful premise for designing broad-spectrum antivirals.

Recent Findings
Current investigations suggest that viruses coopt specific host factors to induce cell type-related cytoskeleton modifications for successful cell invasion and viral progeny spread to neighboring cells. On the other hand, it has been argued that cytoskeletal dynamics represent the first line of innate antiviral response activation.

Summary
Here, we highlight the role of the main cytoskeletal regulatory mechanisms responsible for modulating the structure/function of specific cytoskeletal proteins at the global and local levels, which may affect the outcome of virus infection.
When Accelerated MD Program Is Not the Right Path: The Why and How to Support Accelerated Learners in the Transition to the 4-Year Program
Authors: Macerollo Allison , Santen Sally A. , Brenner Judith , Cangiarella Joan , Gonzalez-Flores Alicia , Jones Betsy Goebel , Leong Shou Ling , Roberts Caroline , Traba Christin , Vitto Christina M. , Strano-Paul Lisa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Accelerated 3-year medical school programs (A3YP) allow students to complete medical school in 3 years rather than the traditional 4-year program (4YP). This paper describes the perspective of 14 A3YPs, exploring the rate of and reasons for transition out of an accelerated pathway into a traditional 4YP. As of 2023, 19% of students in A3YP transitioned to 4YP. The authors provide practical recommendations to guide transitions based on pooled experiences and expert consensus from members of the Consortium of Accelerated Medical Pathway Programs (CAMPP). Having clear policies that define academic, clinical, and professional expectations and processes to guide transition is important.
Sentiment analysis of solar energy in U.S. Cities: a 10-year analysis using transformer-based deep learning
Authors: Kim Serena Y. , Soderman Crystal , Sang Lan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study examines U.S. public sentiment toward solar energy from 2013 to 2022 by analyzing 8 million social media posts using RoBERTa, a transformer-based deep learning algorithm. While sentiment has been generally positive, it has declined since 2016, driven by increasing negativity. The analysis reveals significant and widening regional disparities, with Republican-leaning and Southern U.S. regions showing more pronounced negativity. A two-way fixed-effects panel analysis at the municipality level indicates that positive sentiment is associated with high solar radiation and a larger remote-working population, while negative sentiment is linked to a greater prevalence of multifamily housing. These results highlight the complex interplay of environmental, socioeconomic, political, and technological factors in shaping solar energy sentiment and underscore the need for tailored, region-specific strategies. The computational approach, which combines natural language processing and geospatial analysis of social media data, provides a scalable framework for sentiment analysis across diverse topics and regions, extending beyond the specific case of solar energy in the United States.
A Novel Clustering Framework to Identify Team Playing Styles Within Australian Football
Authors: Moffatt Samuel J. , Gupta Ritu , Rakshit Suman , Keller Brad S. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A novel clustering framework is proposed to identify playing styles in invasion sports, particularly Australian football, based on match transactional data. These data are segmented at a granular level, representing an intrinsic partitioning of the entire match period into short-time interval event data. Clustering based on such granular time-event data provides opportunities to identify team playing styles at different periods within a match. Identifying effective team playing styles over short time intervals can be crucial for improving overall match strategies. Due to the complexity involved in forming interpretable clusters from vast amounts of data, this research has not been attempted before. As a key component of the clustering framework, this paper introduces a composite clustering assessment index, enabling the selection of the optimal clustering algorithm and the appropriate number of clusters. The composite index integrates subject matter expert knowledge, ensuring that the resulting clusters are not only data-driven but also aligned with the goals of the analysis. The framework is applied to identify offensive playing styles within Australian football by clustering possession chain data of offensive phases from 414 matches during the 2021 and 2022 Australian Football League (AFL) seasons. A total of 27 features from 112,530 offensive possession chains were clustered, identifying five distinct offensive team playing styles: (i) ‘Ineffective Ball Movers’, (ii) ‘Uncontested Ball Movers’, (iii) ‘Direct Ball Movers’, (iv) ‘Handball Ball Movers’, and (v) ‘Kick Ball Movers’.