bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The transcription factor PbrbZIP52 positively affects pear pollen tube longevity by promoting callose synthesis
Authors: Xia Zhongheng , Wen Binxu , Shao Jing , Zhang Tianci , Hu Mengmeng , Lin Lin , Zheng Yiping , Shi Zhixin , Dong Xinlin , Song Juanjuan , Li Yuanshan , Wu Yongjie , Yuan Yafang , Wu Juyou , Chen Qingxi , Chen Jianqing 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn pear (Pyrus bretschneideri), pollen tube growth is critical for the double fertilization associated with seed setting, which in turn affects fruit yield. The normal deposition of callose mediates the polar growth of pollen tubes. However, the mechanism regulating callose synthesis in pollen tubes remains relatively uncharacterized. In this study, we revealed that the typical pear pollen tube lifecycle has a semi-growth duration (GD50) of 16.16 h under in vitro culture conditions. Moreover, callose plugs were deposited throughout the pollen tube lifecycle. The formation of callose plugs was inhibited by 2-deoxy-D-glucose, which also accelerated the senescence of pear pollen tubes. Additionally, PbrCalS1B.1, which encodes a plasma membrane-localized callose synthase, was expressed specifically in pollen tubes and restored the fertility of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) cals5 mutant, in which callose synthesis is inhibited. However, this restoration of fertility was impaired by the transient silencing of PbrCalS1B.1, which restricts callose plug formation and shortens the pear pollen tube lifecycle. More specifically, PbrbZIP52 regulated PbrCalS1B.1 transcription by binding to promoter A-box elements to maintain the periodic formation of callose plugs and normal pollen tube growth, ultimately leading to double fertilization. This study confirmed that PbrbZIP52 positively affects pear pollen tube longevity by promoting callose synthesis. This finding may be useful for breeding high-yielding pear cultivars and stabilizing fruit setting in commercial orchards.
Transcription factorsNtHD9andNtHD12control long glandular trichome formation via jasmonate signaling
Authors: Zhang Hongying , Xu Hanchi , Xu Mengxiao , Yan Xiaoxiao , Wang Zhaojun , Yu Jing , Lei Bo , Cui Hong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGlandular trichomes are universal epidermal structures that produce abundant specialized metabolites. However, knowledge of the initiation of glandular heads in glandular trichomes is limited. Herein, we found an intrinsic link of morphogenesis between glandular trichomes and non-glandular trichomes. Two novel homeodomain leucine zipper II members in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), NtHD9 and NtHD12, played important roles in long glandular trichome formation: NtHD9 was responsible for glandular head formation, while NtHD12 simultaneously controlled the formation of stalks and glandular heads. DAP-seq analysis suggested that NtHD9 can bind to the KKGCATTWAWTR motif of the cytochromes P450 94C1 (NtCYP94C1) promoter, which is involved in jasmonoyl-isoleucine oxidation. RNA-seq analysis of non-transformed tobacco and nthd9 plants revealed that NtHD9 modulates the expression of jasmonate (JA) signaling- and six trichome development-related genes. Notably, MeJA treatment restored the morphogenesis of long glandular trichomes in nthd9 and nthd12 plants, and the size of glandular heads increased with increasing MeJA concentration. However, the phenotype of long glandular trichome absence in double mutants of NtHD9 and NtHD12 could not be restored by MeJA. Our data demonstrate that NtHD9 and NtHD12 have distinct major functions yet overlapping roles in long glandular trichome formation via JA signaling.
BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1 internalization can occur independent of ligand binding
Authors: Neubus Claus Lucas Alves , Liu Derui , Hohmann Ulrich , Vukašinović Nemanja , Pleskot Roman , Liu Jing , Schiffner Alexei , Jaillais Yvon , Wu Guang , Wolf Sebastian , Van Damme Daniël , Hothorn Michael , Russinova Eugenia 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The brassinosteroid (BR) hormone and its plasma membrane (PM) receptor BR INSENSITIVE1 (BRI1) are one of the best-studied receptor–ligand pairs for understanding the interplay between receptor endocytosis and signaling in plants. BR signaling is mainly determined by the PM pool of BRI1, whereas BRI1 endocytosis ensures signal attenuation. As BRs are ubiquitously distributed in the plant, the tools available to study the BRI1 function without interference from endogenous BRs are limited. Here, we designed a BR binding-deficient Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutant based on protein sequence-structure analysis and homology modeling of members of the BRI1 family. This tool allowed us to re-examine the BRI1 endocytosis and signal attenuation model. We showed that despite impaired phosphorylation and ubiquitination, BR binding-deficient BRI1 internalizes similarly to the wild type form. Our data indicate that BRI1 internalization relies on different endocytic machineries. In addition, the BR binding-deficient mutant provides opportunities to study non-canonical ligand-independent BRI1 functions.
Roles of very long-chain fatty acids in compound leaf patterning inMedicago truncatula
Authors: Wang Hongfeng , Lu Zhichao , Xu Yiteng , Zhang Jing , Han Lu , Chai Maofeng , Wang Zeng-Yu , Yang Xianpeng , Lu Shiyou , Tong Jianhua , Xiao Langtao , Wen Jiangqi , Mysore Kirankumar S , Zhou Chuanen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPlant cuticles are composed of hydrophobic cuticular waxes and cutin. Very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) are components of epidermal waxes and the plasma membrane and are involved in organ morphogenesis. By screening a barrelclover (Medicago truncatula) mutant population tagged by the transposable element of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) cell type1 (Tnt1), we identified two types of mutants with unopened flower phenotypes, named unopened flower1 (uof1) and uof2. Both UOF1 and UOF2 encode enzymes that are involved in the biosynthesis of VLCFAs and cuticular wax. Comparative analysis of the mutants indicated that the mutation in UOF1, but not UOF2, leads to the increased number of leaflets in M. truncatula. UOF1 was specifically expressed in the outermost cell layer (L1) of the shoot apical meristem (SAM) and leaf primordia. The uof1 mutants displayed defects in VLCFA-mediated plasma membrane integrity, resulting in the disordered localization of the PIN-FORMED1 (PIN1) ortholog SMOOTH LEAF MARGIN1 (SLM1) in M. truncatula. Our work demonstrates that the UOF1-mediated biosynthesis of VLCFAs in L1 is critical for compound leaf patterning, which is associated with the polarization of the auxin efflux carrier in M. truncatula.
Topological symmetries of simply connected 4-manifolds and actions of automorphism groups of free groups
Authors: Ye Shengkui 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Let M be a simply connected closed 4-manifold. It is proved that any (possibly finite) compact Lie group acting effectively and homologically trivially on M by homeomorphisms is an abelian group of rank at most two, when $b_{2}(M)\gt2$. As applications, let $\mathrm{Aut}(F_{n})$ be the automorphism group of the free group of rank $n.$ We prove that any group action of $\mathrm{Aut}(F_{n})$ and $\mathrm{GL}_{n}\mathbb{Z}$, n &gt; = 4, on $M\neq S^{4}$ factors through $\mathbb{Z}/2$, if the group action is by homologically trivial homeomorphisms.
Human Capital Investment after the Storm
Authors: Gallagher Emily A , Billings Stephen B , Ricketts Lowell R 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
How does household exposure to a natural disaster affect higher education investments? Using variation in flooding from Hurricane Harvey (2017), we find that college-aged adults from flooded blocks in Houston are 7% less likely than counterparts to have student loans after Harvey, with larger effects in areas with more potential first-generation students. We find a similar relative decline in enrollment at more exposed Texas universities and colleges and a shift toward majors with higher expected earnings. Our results highlight a decrease in the quantity but an increase in the intensity of investments in human capital after the storm.
Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.
Neglected Peers in Merger Valuations
Authors: Guo Feng , Liu Tingting , Tu Danni 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Using novel merger valuation data, we show that firms selected by investment banks as “comparable peers” are more than twice as likely to later become takeover targets themselves compared to matched control firms. Peer firms not subsequently acquired attract more institutional ownership and analyst coverage, deliver strong operating performance, reduce investments, and increase payouts. Investors are inattentive, though, to peer identification at the time of merger filings’ public disclosure. A portfolio that longs peers and shorts controls earns up to 15.6$\%$ alpha annually, which mainly comes from the long leg and is difficult to explain by short-sale constraints.
Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.
Varieties of the rat race: working hours in the age of abundance
Authors: Behringer Jan , Gonzalez-Granda Martin , van Treeck Till 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We ask why working hours in the rich world have not declined more sharply or even risen at times since the early 1980s, despite a steady increase in productivity, and why they vary so much across rich countries. We use an internationally comparable database on working hours (Bick et al., 2019) and conduct panel data estimations for a sample of 17 European countries and the USA over the period 1983–2019. We find that high or increasing top-end income inequality, decentralized labor relations, and limited government provision of education and other in-kind services contribute to long working hours. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that upward-looking status comparisons in positional consumption (‘Veblen effects’) contribute to a ‘rat race’ of long working hours that is more or less pronounced in different varieties of capitalism.
Labor market dualism and the heterogeneous wage gap for temporary employment: a multilevel study across 30 countries
Authors: Fauser Sophia , Gebel Michael 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the hourly wage gap between 25- and 55-year-old temporary and permanent employees across 30 countries worldwide based on Luxembourg Income Study data from 2000 to 2019 supplemented by other survey data. Two-stage multilevel regressions reveal wage disadvantages for temporary workers, particularly for prime-age workers and those working in medium-/high-level occupations. There is no evidence that a stronger institutional dualization in terms of stronger employment protection for permanent contracts increases the wage gap. Instead partial deregulation matters: In countries where permanent workers are strongly protected, the wage gap is larger if the use of temporary contracts is deregulated. Moreover, results suggest that the larger the size of the temporary employment segment the larger the wage gap. Thus, our findings indicate that stronger institutional and structural labor market dualism amplifies labor market inequality in terms of wage gaps between temporary and permanent workers.
‘For Men Only:’ Sexual Health Education, Neurasthenia and the Modern YMCA in the Gilded Age
Authors: Szymanski Mallory 
Published: January 2023

Summary
In the late-nineteenth century, Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) presented medical lectures designated ‘For Men Only’. This article argues that YMCA lectures about sexual health relied on the discourse of neurasthenia to address sexual health and morality in medical terms. By demonstrating that sexual licentiousness could be both a cause and consequence of this common nervous disease, lecturers at the YMCA invited young men to understand themselves as victims of circumstance, corrupted by modern society. While this period in YMCA history is often considered part of the social hygiene movement of the early twentieth century, this article shows that the efforts of health reform in the 1880s and 1890s mobilised an approach unique to Gilded-Age America, one which served the to bolster the legitimacy of physicians and to attract men into YMCA Halls.
The Effect of Community Organizing on Landlords’ Use of Eviction Filing: Evidence from U.S. Cities
Authors: Messamore Andrew 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Eviction filing rates have declined in many large cities in the United States. Existing scholarship on eviction, which focuses on discrete tenant-landlord relationships, has few explanations for this decline. I consider whether community organizing by nonprofit organizations shapes the social organization of communities and causes landlords to file fewer eviction filings. In cities where tenant and anti-poverty organizing has become common, community-oriented nonprofit organizations advocate for disadvantaged communities and help residents avoid poverty. Community organizing has rarely been studied as a predictor of housing security among low-income tenants, despite studies of how community organizing shapes the use of property in wealthy neighborhoods. I estimate the causal effect of community organizations on eviction filing rates between 2000 and 2016 using longitudinal data and a strategy to account for the endogeneity of nonprofits and eviction. Evidence from year-to-year models in 75 large cities spanning sixteen years estimate that an addition of ten community nonprofits in a city of 100,000 residents is associated with a ten percent reduction in eviction filing. This effect is comparable to the effect of community organizations on murder and is roughly a third of the association between eviction and concentrated disadvantage.
Prevalence and Correlates of Police Contact Anxiety among Male and Female Black Emerging Adults in St. Louis, Missouri
Authors: Motley Robert O , Chen Yu-Chih , Masood Yasir , Finner Alyssa , Joe Sean 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAnxiety disorders are among the most prevalent disorders for Black emerging adults ages 18 to 29 in America. Moreover, some Black emerging adults with a history of exposure to police use of force may experience police contact anxiety (PCA) symptoms during (e.g., unable to relax) or in anticipation of future police contacts (e.g., urge to avoid police), which may develop into an anxiety disorder. To explore this phenomenon, the current study assessed the prevalence and correlates of PCA symptoms for Black emerging adults. Data were collected from a sample of Black emerging adults (N = 300). Univariate, bivariate, and ordinary least square regression analyses were done to estimate prevalence rates and correlates of PCA symptoms. PCA symptoms were moderately high for the sample, and participants who worked full-time were significantly less likely to have higher PCA symptoms because of seeing a video of police use of force in the media than those who were unemployed. Findings from the current study provide direction for future analyses focusing prospectively on prevalence, severity, and correlates of PCA symptoms. In addition, results suggest the importance of social work clinicians/practitioners assessing for PCA symptoms among their patients with a history of exposure to police use of force.
Cryptocurrencies and trustees: what are the risks?
Authors: Brown Lloyd 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This article is interested in the risk exposure to trustees from cryptocurrency investment. Recent case law has established that cryptoassets are to be deemed as legal property, and, in consequence, can form the subject matter of a trust. This is interesting because it creates a real risk for trustees, who may purchase cryptocurrency as an investment opportunity pursuant to their statutory investment duty. The article suggests that there are three main risks for trustees: (i) regulatory risk; (ii) market risk; and (iii) reputational risk. In truth, a trustee that invests in cryptocurrency runs the risk of direct, personal liability.
Effect of dietary Conocarpus erectus leaves and branches on milk yield, quality, antioxidant activity and fatty acid profile, and blood parameters of Najdi dairy goats
Authors: Mohammadabadi Tahereh , Noruzi Hosein Nouri , Hoseini Somayeh , Direkvandi Ehsan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
To investigate the effect of Conocarpus erectus tree leaves and branches as a partial replacement of forage on milk yield and components, blood and rumen parameters of goats, 16 Najdi goats were used in a completely randomized design with 2 treatments (CON, without C. erectus; CE, contains C. erectus). The basic ratio consisted of 60% concentrate and 40% forage. In treatment CE, 22.5% of the forage (alfalfa hay and wheat straw) was replaced with C. erectus leaves and branches. The lowest amount of dry matter intake and digestibility were observed in the treatment CE (P &lt; 0.05). The amount of milk production significantly increased (P = 0.01) in the treatment CE. The total count did not differ between treatments, but the highest amount of Lactobacillus spp. (P = 0.01) and the lowest amount of mold (P = 0.01) were observed in the treatment CE. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity decreased on days 15 (P = 0.02) and 31 (P = 0.01) of the experiment in treatment CE. The highest amount of short-, medium-, and long-chain fatty acids and also conjugated fatty acids were observed in the treatment CE (P &lt; 0.05). Also, the concentration of fatty acids C16:0 and C18:0 was lower in the treatment CE (P &lt; 0.05). The lowest amount of triglycerides, blood urea nitrogen, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoproteins, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, and serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase were observed in the treatment CE (P &lt; 0.05). Ruminal pH and ammonia-N concentration were not affected by experimental treatment (P &gt; 0.05). According to the results, the use of C. erectus leads to improved milk production and fatty acid profile, antioxidant activity, and microbial load.
Influence of supplemental flavomycin on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and nutrient digestibility in calf-fed Holstein steers
Authors: Carvalho Pedro H V , Latack Brooke C , Montano Martin F , Zinn Richard A 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of supplemental flavomycin on cattle growth performance, carcass characteristics, diet digestibility, and ruminal fermentation characteristics of calf-fed Holstein steers. One hundred Holstein steers (123 ± 7 kg) were balanced by weight and assigned to 20 pens. Dietary treatments consisted of a steam flaked corn-based diet supplemented with (dry matter basis): 1) control, no feed additive; 2) 6.6 mg/kg flavomycin; 3) 13.2 mg/kg flavomycin, and 4) 30 mg/kg monensin (MON). There were no treatment effects (P ≥ 0.17) on live weight, average daily gain (ADG), and gain efficiency. Flavomycin did not affect dry matter intake (DMI; P ≥ 0.24). Flavomycin supplementation did not affect (P ≥ 0.37) the ratio of observed vs. expected DMI. However, MON decreased (P = 0.02) observed vs. expected DMI by 3.7%. There were no treatment effects (P ≥ 0.44) on ruminal pH or temperature. Flavomycin did not affect (P ≥ 0.13) carcass characteristics and liver abscess among steers. Four Holstein steers (463 ± 20 kg) with ruminal cannulas were used in 4 × 4 Latin square experiment to study treatment effects on site and extent of digestion, ruminal pH, and volatile fatty acid (VFA) molar proportions. Dietary treatments were the same as experiment 1. Flavomycin tended to increase (linear effect, P = 0.07) ruminal organic matter (OM) digestion, associated with increased (linear effect, P &lt; 0.01) ruminal starch digestion. Supplementing flavomycin at 13.2 mg/kg decreased net microbial N synthesis (quadratic effect, P = 0.03). Compared with control, MON tended to increase (P = 0.10) ruminal neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestion and increased (P &lt; 0.01) ruminal starch digestion. Monensin did not affect (P = 0.39) net microbial N synthesis, but decreased (P = 0.01) ruminal degradation of feed nitrogen (N). There were no treatment effects (P &gt; 0.10) on total tract apparent digestion of DM, OM, NDF, and starch. Flavomycin decreased ruminal pH (quadratic effect, P &lt; 0.01) measured 4 h postprandial. Compared with control, MON increased ruminal pH (P = 0.03). Flavomycin increased (linear effect, P = 0.03) ruminal propionate molar proportion and decreased (linear effect, P ≤ 0.04) ruminal molar proportions of acetate and butyrate, and decreased (linear effect, P = 0.02) acetate:propionate molar ratio and estimated methane production. We conclude that supplementing flavomycin at 6.6 or 13.2 mg/kg had no major effects on cattle growth performance, carcass characteristics, diet digestibility, and ruminal fermentation characteristics.
Adaptation process of a culturally congruent parenting intervention for parents of Hispanic adolescents to an online synchronous format
Authors: Mercado Micaela , Vega-López Sonia , Gonzalvez Anaid , Vega-Luna Beatriz , Hoyt Sarah , Martinez Gabriela , Ayers Stephanie , Marsiglia Flavio F 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAdaptations to interventions for specific settings or communities are critical for facilitating successful implementation. The Dynamic Adaptation Process model was applied to systematically assess the adaptation process made to an in-person parenting intervention (FPNG+) prior to its implementation online. This qualitative case study design included meeting notes and interviews completed with project team members. Meeting notes were analyzed using content analysis. Semi-structured interviews regarding project team members’ roles on FPNG+ and processes and activities they identified as critical for the adaptation of FPNG+ to an online intervention were analyzed using a deductive-inductive approach. In the formative phase, three primary processes were identified: information gathering to determine if the environment existed for the implementation of an online program; considerations to support the facilitation process of FPNG+ to an online environment, and decision-making to support modifications to FPNG+. The pre-implementation phase consisted of three processes: information shared by the instructional designer to facilitate the delivery of the FPNG+ content online; modifications made to the format of the intervention to meet the cultural needs of Hispanic families and address contextual issues; and iterative efforts to tailor the intervention by the project team. This study used implementation science to distinguish the dynamic processes that occurred across different systems and multiple levels in the project team’s effort to modify FPNG+ to an online intervention. The contribution of this study underscores the importance of identifying the processes that facilitate the modifications made to an intervention and the capacity to implement the modified intervention with Hispanic families.