bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sialylation-dependent interaction between PD-L1 and CD169 promotes monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells
Authors: Cai Kebo , Chen Qihang , Shi Danfang , Huang Sijing , Wang Cong , Ai Zhilong , Jiang Jianhai 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells is an early step in chronic inflammation. Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) is regarded as a master regulator of inflammation development. However, the significance and mechanisms of IFN-γ in the monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells remains largely unknown. IFN-γ up-regulates PD-L1 on various types of cells. Here, we performed flow cytometry to examine the contribution of IFN-γ-induced PD-L1 expression on monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. Up-regulation of PD-L1 by IFN-γ enhanced the adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells. By immunoprecipitation and lectin blot, PD-L1 in endothelial cells interacted with CD169/Siglec 1 in monocytes depending on the α2,3-sialylation of PD-L1. ST3Gal family (ST3β-galactoside α-2,3-sialyltransferase) was the major glycosyltransferase responsible for the α2,3-sialylation of membrane proteins. Down-regulation of ST3Gal4 by RNAinterference partially reduced the α2,3-sialylation of PD-L1 and the PD-L1-CD169 interaction. Finally, purified PD-L1 protein with α2,3-sialylation, but not PD-L1 protein without α2,3-sialylation, partially reduced IFN-γ-induced monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. These findings provide evidence that the interaction between PD-L1 and CD169 promoted monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells and might elucidate a new mechanism of monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells.
Bringing an end to the silence: identifying priorities and solutions to addressing the mental health consequences of child marriage
Authors: Burgess Rochelle A , Sheibani Farah , Kelly Isabelle , Jeffery Mairi , Gumbonzvanda Farirai , Lewis Gemma , Ashraf Asma , Connor Cristianne , Mombeshora Solomon , Gumbonzvanda Nyaradzayi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDespite its inclusion in Sustainable Development Goal 5 to end all harmful gendered practices by 2030, child, early and forced marriages continue to be a pervasive problem globally. While there is consistent evidence on the physical health consequences of child marriage, there is a lack of evidence and inquiry into the mental health consequence. We completed a change-oriented Delphi study to establish consensus on priority areas of research and intervention in relation to the mental health consequences of child, early and forced marriages. Invited experts (n = 11), survivors (n = 27) and professionals (n = 30) participated in our Delphi. Four rounds of data collection included: a blended in-person and online workshop with invited experts, an online mixed-methods questionnaire, focus groups in Zimbabwe with women who are survivors of child marriage and a repeat questionnaire sent to the first round of experts. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and ranking methods, consistent with other Delphi studies. Qualitative data were analysed using thematic network analysis. Findings coalesced around three areas: perspectives on the relationship between mental health and child marriage, policy actions and treatment-driven solutions. Consensus was reached on 16 items across these areas which included the need to prioritize psychosocial and social interventions to improve mental health outcomes for women and girls in existing marriages. They also called for new approaches to advocacy to drive awareness of this issue in policy circles. Implications for future practice are discussed.
Evolutionary game analysis of energy saving behavior of tourism enterprises under carbon emission constraints
Authors: Tang Zi , Zhang Minsi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
As one of the sectors affected by global climate change, tourism enterprises are actively seeking feasible energy-saving and emission reduction schemes. The article adopts the evolutionary game approach and establishes the game matrix between tourism enterprises and the government. The research results show that the strategy choice of the two-game subjects depends on the initial state and its evolutionary path. The local government needs to adjust penalty measures for environmental pollution of tourism enterprises and reduce the cost of controlling low carbon reasonably tourism. Enterprises need to reduce the cost of saving energy through dynamic adjustment of carbon emission rewards, which are the basis of the long-term perspective and the big picture. On the premise of considering both interests, tourism enterprises and government should make joint efforts to achieve the goal of energy conservation, environmental protection and sustainable development.
Phase 2 Safety and Antiviral Activity of SAB-185, a Novel Polyclonal Antibody Therapy for Nonhospitalized Adults With COVID-19
Authors: Taiwo Babafemi O , Chew Kara W , Moser Carlee , Wohl David Alain , Daar Eric S , Li Jonathan Z , Greninger Alexander L , Bausch Christoph , Luke Thomas , Hoover Keila , Neytman Gene , Giganti Mark J , Olefsky Maxine , Javan Arzhang Cyrus , Fletcher Courtney V , Eron Joseph J , Currier Judith S , Hughes Michael D , Smith Davey M ,   for the ACTIV-2/A5401 Study Team, Hosey Lara , Roa Jhoanna , Patel Nilam , Coombs Robert , Degli-Angeli Emily , Goecker Erin , Daza Glenda , Harb Socorro , Dragavon Joan , Aldrovandi Grace , Murtaugh William , Cooper Marlene , Gutzman Howard , Knowles Kevin , Erhardt Bill , Waring Lorraine , Hessinger Diane , Meintjes Graeme A , Murray Barbara E , Ray Stuart Campbell , Rolla Valeria Cavalcanti , Saloojee Haroon , Tsiatis Anastasios A , Volberding Paul A , Kimmelman Jonathan , Glidden David , Hunsberger Sally 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
SAB-185, a novel fully human IgG polyclonal immunoglobulin product, underwent phase 2 evaluation for nonhospitalized adults with mild-moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods
Participants received intravenous SAB-185 3840 units/kg (low-dose) or placebo, or 10 240 units/kg (high-dose) or placebo. Primary outcome measures were nasopharyngeal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA &lt; lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) at study days 3, 7, and 14, time to symptomatic improvement, and safety through day 28.

Results
Two-hundred thirteen participants received low-dose SAB-185/placebo (n = 107/106) and 215 high-dose SAB-185/placebo (n = 110/105). The proportions with SARS-CoV-2 RNA &lt; LLOQ were higher for SAB-185 versus placebo at days 3 and 7 and similar at day 14, and significantly higher at day 7 for high-dose SAB-185 versus placebo only, relative risk 1.23 (95% confidence interval, 1.01–1.49). At day 3, SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels were lower with low-dose and high-dose SAB-185 versus placebo: differences in medians of −0.78 log10 copies/mL (P = .08) and −0.71 log10 copies/mL (P = .10), respectively. No difference was observed in time to symptom improvement: median 11/10 days (P = .24) for low-dose SAB-185/placebo and 8/10 days (P = .50) for high-dose SAB-185/placebo. Grade ≥3 adverse events occurred in 5%/13% of low-dose SAB-185/placebo and 9%/12% of high-dose SAB-185/placebo.

Conclusions
SAB-185 was safe and generally well tolerated and demonstrated modest antiviral activity in predominantly low-risk nonhospitalized adults with COVID-19.
Clinical Trials Registration. NCT04518410.
Global licences under threat of injunctions: FRAND commitments, competition law, and jurisdictional battles
Authors: Nazzini Renato 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This article examines three, intertwined questions arising from the recent case law on global FRAND licences under threat of injunction. First, whether the obligation of an implementer to enter into a global licence of all the standard-essential patent (SEP) owner’s relevant SEPs on pain of a national injunction is consistent with the policies underpinning a SEP owner’s obligation to grant a FRAND licence. Secondly, whether the conduct of a SEP owner insisting on an implementer entering into a global licence under threat of an injunction is compatible with the UK Chapter II prohibition and Article 102 TFEU. Thirdly, whether the assumption and exercise by national courts of the power to settle the terms of global licences is a rational way of resolving global FRAND licensing disputes. On all three counts, the conclusion is that departing from territorial jurisdiction in the matter of FRAND licences is not advisable as it has the effect of distorting the incentives of SEP owners and implementers in such a way that FRAND licences and FRAND negotiations are less likely to reflect, or be driven by, the value of the underlying technology. As a result, global FRAND licences may apply excessive royalties or royalties for SEPs that are invalid, not essential, or not infringed. A system of national enforcement is better suited to striking a right balance between the interests of SEP owners and implementers, producing better outcomes in terms of effects on social welfare and productivity.
Effects ofGlycyrrhizapolysaccharide on growth performance, appetite, and hypothalamic inflammation in broilers
Authors: Zhao Yiyi , Li Chenxu , Wang Xueying , Wang Zhaojun , Wang Jicang , Zhen Wenrui , Huang Shucheng , Li Tianshuai , Fan Hengyu , Ma Yanbo , Zhang Cai 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe analyzed the effects of Glycyrrhiza polysaccharide (GCP) on growth performance, appetite, and hypothalamic inflammation-related indexes in broilers. One-day-old male AA broilers were randomly divided into four groups: Control, L-GCP, M-GCP, and H-GCP (0, 300, 600, and 900 mg GCP/kg feed), with six repetition cages for each treatment and 12 broilers in each repeat for a period of 42 days. From day 1 to day 21, the addition of GCP to the diet significantly improved the ADFI and the ADG of broilers, and the mRNA levels of NPY and AgRP were significantly increased while POMC and CART were decreased in the hypothalamus of broilers; GCP also significantly decreased the mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, TLR-4, MyD88, and NF-κB, and increased the IL-4 and IL-10 in the hypothalamus from day 1 to day 42. The concentrations of appetite-related factors and inflammatory factors in serum were changed in the same fashion. Supplementation with 600 mg/kg GCP had the optimal effect in broilers, and GCP has the potential to be used as a feed additive in the poultry production industry.
A chromosome-scale reference genome assembly of the great sand eel,Hyperoplus lanceolatus
Authors: Winter Sven , de Raad Jordi , Wolf Magnus , Coimbra Raphael T F , de Jong Menno J , Schöneberg Yannis , Christoph Maria , von Klopotek Hagen , Bach Katharina , Pashm Foroush Behgol , Hanack Wiebke , Kauffeldt Aaron Hagen , Milz Tim , Ngetich Emmanuel Kipruto , Wenz Christian , Sonnewald Moritz , Nilsson Maria Anna , Janke Axel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDespite increasing sequencing efforts, numerous fish families still lack a reference genome, which complicates genetic research. One such understudied family is the sand lances (Ammodytidae, literally: “sand burrower”), a globally distributed clade of over 30 fish species that tend to avoid tidal currents by burrowing into the sand. Here, we present the first annotated chromosome-level genome assembly of the great sand eel (Hyperoplus lanceolatus). The genome assembly was generated using Oxford Nanopore Technologies long sequencing reads and Illumina short reads for polishing. The final assembly has a total length of 808.5 Mbp, of which 97.1% were anchored into 24 chromosome-scale scaffolds using proximity-ligation scaffolding. It is highly contiguous with a scaffold and contig N50 of 33.7 and 31.3 Mbp, respectively, and has a BUSCO completeness score of 96.9%. The presented genome assembly is a valuable resource for future studies of sand lances, as this family is of great ecological and commercial importance and may also contribute to studies aiming to resolve the suprafamiliar taxonomy of bony fishes.
Evaluation of non-hematologic toxicity in patients with cervical cancer after Type 3 radical hysterectomy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy: a retrospective study
Authors: Saito Motoaki , Tanabe Hiroshi , Yamauchi Kishihito , Kuroda Takafumi , Takano Hirokuni , Yamada Kyosuke , Okamoto Aikou 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the safety of concurrent chemoradiotherapy after Type 3 radical hysterectomy, focusing on non-hematologic toxicity.

Methods
Between January 2010 and December 2017, 236 patients diagnosed with cervical cancer Stages IB1–II (FIGO2008) and who had undergone Type 3 radical hysterectomy at the Jikei Medical University School-related four hospitals were included. Of these 236 patients, 134 had undergone adjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy after Type 3 radical hysterectomy (radical hysterectomy + concurrent chemoradiotherapy group), and 102 received no adjuvant therapy after Type 3 radical hysterectomy (radical hysterectomy group). The frequency of non-hematologic toxicities, especially lymphedema, pelvic infection, renal dysfunction, ileus and diarrhea, was investigated in the radical hysterectomy + concurrent chemoradiotherapy and radical hysterectomy groups using univariate and multivariate analyses. In these analyses, age, extent of lymph node dissection and preoperative clinical stage were included as risk factors for five complications. The risk factors for grade ≤ 2 adverse events were statistically evaluated.

Results
The frequency of lower extremity lymphedema (22 vs. 10%), renal dysfunction (13 vs. 3%), and diarrhea (13 vs. 0%) was significantly higher in the radical hysterectomy + CRRT group than that in the radical hysterectomy group. Logistic regression analysis revealed that adjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy significantly affected the occurrence of grade ≥ 2 lymphedema (P &lt; 0.01) and renal dysfunction (P &lt; 0.01).

Conclusions
Concurrent chemoradiotherapy after Type 3 radical hysterectomy is associated with a higher incidence of renal dysfunction, lower extremity lymphedema and diarrhea. A more appropriate adjuvant therapy needs to be established.
Predictions on the stellar-to-halo mass relation in the dwarf regime using the empirical model for galaxy formation Emerge
Authors: O’Leary Joseph A , Steinwandel Ulrich P , Moster Benjamin P , Martin Nicolas , Naab Thorsten 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
One of the primary goals when studying galaxy formation is to understand how the luminous component of the Universe, galaxies, relate to the growth of structure which is dominated by the gravitational collapse of dark matter haloes. The stellar-to-halo mass relation probes how galaxies occupy dark matter haloes and what that entails for their star formation history. We deliver the first self-consistent empirical model that can place constraints on the stellar-to-halo mass relation down to log stellar mass log10(m*/M⊙) ≤ 5.0 by fitting our model directly to Local Group dwarf data. This is accomplished by penalizing galaxy growth in late-forming, low-mass haloes by mimicking the effects of reionization. This process serves to regulate the number density of galaxies by altering the scatter in halo peak mass $M^{\mathrm{peak}}_{h}$ at fixed stellar mass, creating a tighter scatter than would otherwise exist without a high-z quenching mechanism. Our results indicate that the previously established double-power law stellar-to-halo mass relation can be extended to include galaxies with $\log _{10}(M^{\mathrm{peak}}_{\mathrm{h}}/{\rm M}_{\odot })\gtrsim 10.0$. Furthermore, we show that haloes with $\log _{10}(M^{\mathrm{peak}}_{\mathrm{h}}/{\rm M}_{\odot })\lesssim 9.3$ by z = 4 are unlikely to host a galaxy with log10(m*/M⊙) &gt; 5.0.
(Sub)millimetre dust polarization of protoplanetary discs from scattering by large millimetre-sized irregular grains
Authors: Lin Zhe-Yu Daniel , Li Zhi-Yun , Yang Haifeng , Muñoz Olga , Looney Leslie , Stephens Ian , Hull Charles L H , Fernández-López Manuel , Harrison Rachel 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
The size of dust grains, a, is key to the physical and chemical processes in circumstellar discs, but observational constraints of grain size remain challenging. (Sub)millimetre continuum observations often show a per cent-level polarization parallel to the disc minor axis, which is generally attributed to scattering by ${\sim}100\, \mu{\rm m}$-sized spherical grains (with a size parameter x ≡ 2$\pi$a/λ &lt; 1, where λ is the wavelength). Larger spherical grains (with x greater than unity) would produce opposite polarization direction. However, the inferred size is in tension with the opacity index β that points to larger mm/cm-sized grains. We investigate the scattering-produced polarization by large irregular grains with a range of x greater than unity with optical properties obtained from laboratory experiments. Using the radiation transfer code, RADMC-3D, we find that large irregular grains still produce polarization parallel to the disc minor axis. If the original forsterite refractive index in the optical is adopted, then all samples can produce the typically observed level of polarization. Accounting for the more commonly adopted refractive index using the DSHARP dust model, only grains with x of several (corresponding to ∼mm-sized grains) can reach the same polarization level. Our results suggest that grains in discs can have sizes in the millimetre regime, which may alleviate the tension between the grain sizes inferred from scattering and other means. Additionally, if large irregular grains are not settled to the mid-plane, their strong forward scattering can produce asymmetries between the near and far side of an inclined disc, which can be used to infer their presence.
Sky subtraction in an era of low surface brightness astronomy
Authors: Kelvin Lee S , Hasan Imran , Tyson J Anthony 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
The Vera C. Rubin Observatory Wide-Fast Deep sky survey will reach unprecedented surface brightness depths over tens of thousands of square degrees. Surface brightness photometry has traditionally been a challenge. Current algorithms which combine object detection with sky estimation systematically oversubtract the sky, biasing surface brightness measurements at the faint end and destroying or severely compromising low surface brightness light. While it has recently been shown that properly accounting for undetected faint galaxies and the wings of brighter objects can in principle recover a more accurate sky estimate, this has not yet been demonstrated in practice. Obtaining a consistent spatially smooth underlying sky estimate is particularly challenging in the presence of representative distributions of bright and faint objects. In this paper, we use simulations of crowded and uncrowded fields designed to mimic Hyper Suprime-Cam data to perform a series of tests on the accuracy of the recovered sky. Dependence on field density, galaxy type, and limiting flux for detection are all considered. Several photometry packages are utilized: source extractor, gnuastro, and the LSST science pipelines. Each is configured in various modes, and their performance at extreme low surface brightness analysed. We find that the combination of the source extractor software package with novel source model masking techniques consistently produce extremely faint output sky estimates, by up to an order of magnitude, as well as returning high fidelity output science catalogues.
Evolution and feedback of AGN jets of different cosmic ray composition
Authors: Lin Yen-Hsing , Yang H-Y Karen , Owen Ellis R 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
Jet feedback from active galactic nuclei (AGN) is one of the most promising mechanisms for suppressing cooling flows in cool-core clusters. However, the composition of AGN jets and bubbles remains uncertain; they could be thermally dominated, or dominated by cosmic ray proton (CRp), cosmic ray electron (CRe), or magnetic energy. In this work, we investigate the evolution and feedback effects of CRp and CRe dominated jets by conducting 3D magnetohydrodynamic simulations of AGN jet-inflated bubbles in the intracluster medium using the FLASH code. We present the evolution of their energies, dynamics, and heating, and model their expected cavity-power versus radio-luminosity relation (Pcav–LR). We find that bubbles inflated by CRe dominated jets follow a very similar dynamical evolution to CRp dominated bubbles even though CRe within bubbles suffer significantly stronger synchrotron and inverse-Compton cooling. This is because, as CRe lose their energy, the jet-inflated bubbles quickly become thermally dominated within ∼30 Myr. Their total energy stops decreasing with CR energy and evolves similarly to CRp dominated bubbles. The ability of CRe and CRp dominated bubbles to heat the intracluster medium is also comparable; the cold gas formed via local thermal instabilities is well suppressed in both cases. The CRp and CRe bubbles follow different evolutionary trajectories on the Pcav–LR plane, but the values are broadly consistent with observed ranges for FR-I sources. We also discuss observational techniques that have potential for constraining the composition of AGN jets and bubbles.
Eddington accreting black holes in the epoch of reionization
Authors: Fontanot Fabio , Cristiani Stefano , Grazian Andrea , Haardt Francesco , D’Odorico Valentina , Boutsia Konstantina , Calderone Giorgio , Cupani Guido , Guarneri Francesco , Fiorin Chiara , Rodighiero Giulia 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
The evolution of the luminosity function (LF) of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) at redshift $z {\,\, \gtrsim \,\,}5$ represents a key constraint to understand their contribution to the ionizing photon budget necessary to trigger the last phase transition in the Universe, i.e. the epoch of reionization. Recent searches for bright high-z AGNs suggest that the space densities of this population at z &gt; 4 have to be revised upwards, and spark new questions about their evolutionary paths. Gas accretion is the key physical mechanism to understand both the distribution of luminous sources and the growth of central supermassive black holes (SMBHs). In this work, we model the high-z AGN-LF assuming that high-z luminous AGNs shine at their Eddington limit: We derive the expected evolution as a function of the ‘duty cycle’ (fdc), i.e. the fraction of lifetime that a given SMBH spends accreting at the Eddington rate. Our results show that intermediate values (fdc ≃ 0.1) predict the best agreement with the ionizing background and photoionization rate, but do not provide enough ionizing photons to account for the observed evolution of the hydrogen neutral fraction. Smaller values ($f_{\rm dc} {\,\, \lesssim \,\,}0.05$) are required for AGNs to be the dominant population responsible for hydrogen reionization in the early Universe. We then show that this low-fdc evolution can be reconciled with the current constraints on helium reionization, although it implies a relatively large number of inactive SMBHs at $z{\,\, \gtrsim \,\,}5$, in tension with SMBH growth models based on heavy seeding.