bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scratching the surface of Scotland's prehistoric rock art: A multiscalar methodology for holistic analysis of context and design
Authors: Barnett Tertia , Valdez-Tullett Joana , Bjerketvedt Linda Marie , Alexander-Reid Frederick , Hoole Maya , Jeffrey Stuart , Robin Guillaume 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Prehistoric rock carvings are one of Scotland’s most enigmatic and poorly understood monument types. This article discusses the pioneering approach used by Scotland’s Rock Art Project to enhance understanding of the abstract motifs through multiscalar computational analyses of a large dataset co-produced with community teams. The analysis incorporates data from across the country in order to investigate inter-regional differences and similarities in the nature and contexts of the carvings. Innovative application of complementary analytical methods identified subtle regional variations in the character of the rock art and motif types. This variability suggest an understanding of the rock art tradition that was widely shared but locally adapted, and reflects connections and knowledge exchange between specific regions.
Comparative assessment of okra and non-okra leaf cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) genotypes for drought tolerance
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad , Rehman Abdul , Naeem Muhammad , Khan Mueen Alam , Raza Humayun , Ahmed Hafiz Ghulam Muhu-Din , Ul-Allah Sami , Iqbal Asad 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Cotton production worldwide is adversely affected by drought stress, and the variation in drought tolerance among genotypes can be attributed to differences in their physiological, morphological, and root-related parameters. In upland cotton, there are two major leaf types: okra and non-okra. To investigate genetic variations related to drought tolerance, a study was conducted using two cotton genotypes from each leaf type (IUB 14052, IUB 14053, isolines of IUB-13, and MM-58 for okra leaves; IUB-13 and MM-58 for non-okra leaves) under both normal and drought conditions for two seasons. The experiment followed a factorial layout with a completely randomized design. Cotton genotypes were examined for root, morphological, physiological, and fibre-related variables using genotype × treatment × year interactions. Traits such as transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll contents, leaf area, seed cotton yield, number of nodes, fibre strength and ginning out-turn were higher in okra leaf type genotypes as compared to non-okra leaf type genotypes. As a result, genotypes of okra showed less reduction during drought in all parameters indicated above. Furthermore, under drought conditions, root parameters such as primary root length, lateral root numbers, root fresh weight, and root dry weight increased in okra leaf type accessions, indicating that okra leaf cotton genotypes have a greater drought tolerance capacity. Correlation studies demonstrated a negative correlation between stomatal conductance and leaf area in okra leaf genotypes. This correlation ultimately led to an increase in boll weight and seed cotton yield for okra leaf genotypes. This relationship underscores the role of resource allocation and stomatal conductance in enhancing the overall drought tolerance and productivity of okra leaf cotton genotypes.
FTO attenuates the cytotoxicity of cisplatin on KGN cells by regulating the Hippo/YAP1 signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Rongli , Yang Xinyuan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a devastating condition for women under 40 years old. Chemotherapy, especially the cisplatin, has been demonstrated to promote the apoptosis of granulosa cell in primary and secondary follicle, and then leading to POF. Our previous studies have demonstrated that fat mass- and obesity-associated (FTO) plays an essential role in protecting granulosa cells from cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity. Various studies have suggested that the Hippo/YAP signaling pathway plays a significant role in regulating cell apoptosis and proliferation. And YAP1 was the main downstream target of Hippo signaling pathway, which was negatively regulated by Hippo signaling pathway. However, whether the Hippo/YAP signaling pathway is involved in the protective effect of FTO on granulosa cells remains unclear. In this study, we found that, after cisplatin treatment, the apoptosis of granulosa cells increased in a concentration-dependent manner, accompanied by the downregulation of FTO and YAP1. Furthermore, overexpression of FTO decreased cisplatin induced granulosa cell apoptosis, inhibited the Hippo/YAP kinase cascade induced phosphorylation of YAP1, and promoted the entry of YAP1 into the nuclei. The downstream targets of YAP1 (CTGF, CYR61, and ANKRD1) were also increased. Si-RNA mediated down-regulation of FTO promoted cisplatin induced granulosa cells apoptosis, activated the Hippo/YAP kinase cascade, and inhibited the YAP1 entry into nuclei. And these effects were completely reversed by the small molecule inhibitor of YAP1-verteporfin (VP). Co-ip assay showed that there was a strong interaction between proteins of FTO and YAP1.Taken together, these data suggested that FTO-YAP1 played a positive role in regulated injured granulosa cells proliferation, induced by cisplatin.
Aerodynamic Performance Analysis of an Optimized Aerofoil for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Authors: OLADEJO Kayode Lukman , ALABI Abdulmumin Akoredeley , DAMBATTA Yusuf Suleiman 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper conducts a comprehensive analysis of the KAYABU aerofoil, optimised for low-altitude subsonic solar-powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). It benchmarks this aerofoil against the W.E 3.55–9.3 reference, known for subsonic solar UAVs. Performance metrics like lift-to-drag ratio, power factor, maximum lift, and stall angle are assessed. At a chosen Reynolds number of 165,000 which is relevant to the operating conditions of the UAV, Computational simulations using Xfoil and XFLR5 and wind tunnel experiments were used to validate the analysis. Results highlight KAYABU's superiority with a 1.2% boost in lift-to-drag ratio, a 16.5% rise in power factor for enhanced range and endurance, and a 40% improvement in stall angle for better stability. KAYABU also maintains lift post-stall, improving stability, and achieves an 11.6% lift increase. Experimental validation closely aligns with simulations, with an 8.7% power factor and 2.6% lift-to-drag ratio deviation. KAYABU's superior performance in subsonic UAVs enhances endurance, manoeuvrability, and mission success. This study advances knowledge and informs future solar UAV development.
Source-based health risk assessment of heavy metal contamination in Soil: A case study from a polymetallic mining region in Southeastern Hubei, Central China
Authors: Li Yanni , Liu Shan , Zhan Changlin , Liu Hongxia , Zhang Jiaquan , Guo Jianlin , Fang Lihu , Wang Yanan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
To conduct a precise health risk assessment of heavy metals (HMs) in soil, it is imperative to ascertain the primary sources of potential health risks. To achieve this objective, we conducted comprehensive measurements of HMs, including Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Ti, V, and Zn, in soil extracted from the polymetallic mining area. A method combining the positive matrix factorization with the health risk assessment model was used to quantify the source-specific health risks. Results indicate that when compared to the local background values, the accumulation of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb, Sb, and Zn in the local soil appears to be influenced by anthropogenic activities. Among these sources, local industrial-related activities contributed the largest proportion of HMs to the soil at 34.7%, followed by natural sources at 28.7%, mining and metallurgy-related activities at 28.2%, and traffic-related activities at 8.40%. Although the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks associated with individual heavy metal elements were found to be below safety thresholds, the cumulative health risks stemming from total heavy metals exceeded safety limits for children. Moreover, the unacceptable health risks for children originating from industrial-related activities, natural sources, and mining and metallurgy-related activities were primarily concentrated in proximity to mining sites and industrial areas within the local region. This investigation furnishes valuable insights that can aid governmental authorities in formulating precise control policies to mitigate health threats posed by soils in polymetallic mining areas.
New distributional record for Siganus vermiculatus (Valenciennes, 1835) from the Veraval fishing landing centre along the Northwest coast of India
Authors: Motivarash Yagnesh , Kardani Hitesh , Rout Gopalchandra , Bhatt Ashishkumar , Kuhada Jayesh 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A new distributional record of Vermiculated spinefoot Siganus vermiculatus (Valenciennes, 1835), belonging to the family Siganidae, for the first time from the northwest coast of India at Veraval fish landing centre (20054’03" N 700 22’ 10" E) in Gir-Somnath district of the state of Gujarat on 23 March 2022. The morphometric and meristic characters of the specimen were measured using standard taxonomic keys. Further, DNA barcoding was carried out for the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene from the tissues of the holotype specimen and phylogenetic studies using neighbor joining tree construction were done to ascertain the relationship and similarity with the specimens of the same species barcoded in the other places of southern India, and authentication of the specimens to S. vermiculatus was done. The species is reported from 900 km north of the previous nearest reported location.
Influence of Gd-Doping Concentration on Structural, Electronic, Magnetic and Optical Properties of Multiferroic Material (PFeO3): A Density Functional Theory-Based Investigation
Authors: Abbas Zeesham , Mirza Shafaat Hussain , Al-Qaisi Samah , Parveen Amna , Muhammad Shabbir , Algarni H. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Developing novel multiferroic (MF) materials with cross-linked effects (i.e., piezoelectricity, magnetoelectricity, and magnetostriction) that are functional at ambient temperature is a major goal for scientists. Herein, we employed first-principles calculations to investigate the effect of Gd-doping concentration on structural, electronic, magnetic and optical properties of PFeO3. It’s evident that structural stability increases as we increase doping concentration of Gd in parent compound. The calculated energy band structures reveals that electronic states shrink towards Fermi level as we increase Gd-doping concentration in spin (↑) channel. However, a gap between electronic states is induced from − 1.0 eV towards higher energies and this gap expands by increasing doping concentration in spin (↓) channel. By increasing Gd-doping concentration in PFeO3, the values of magnetic moments also increases. These compounds are promising candidates for spintronic applications as they are hugely magnetized compounds. A renowned GGA + U formulism has been employed in this study to investigate optical characteristics of P1 − xGdxFeO3 (X = 10%, 20%, 30%) over an energy range of 0‒14 eV. In spin (↑) channel, maximum values of ε2(ω) in visible region occurs at 2.36, 2.48 and 2.81 eV for P1 − xGdxFeO3 with 10%, 20% and 30% doping of Gd, respectively. However, considerable peaks of P1 − xGdxFeO3 with 10%, 20% and 30% doping of Gd in spin (↓) channel occur at 2.29, 2.41 and 2.57, respectively. The calculated optical parameters show that these compounds are promising candidates for potential photovoltaic applications.
Manipulating Spin-Torque Dynamics in Atomic Media with Electromagnetic Waves Interference
Authors: Hamza Amir , Tariq Muhammad , Khan Abuzar , Bacha Bakht Amin , Jan Saeedullah 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this article, Spin density and Torque of two interfering waves
are controlled and manipulated by applying two interacting control
fields and a probe field using a four-level N-type atomic
configuration of Rubidium-87 isotope. The spin density of light
can be controlled coherently in the atomic medium by
electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). When the strong
interacting control fields and the weak probe field are applied to
the atomic medium, the Rubidium atoms become transparent to the
probe field. It is due to the control fields that "dress" the
atoms, creating a new energy state that the weak probe field can
interact with. As a result, the weak probe field can pass through
the Rubidium atomic medium without being absorbed. Substantial
variations can be seen in the electric SAM and Torque of two
interfering waves with variations in the angle $\beta$ between the
two interfering waves, the Rabi frequencies of the control fields,
the detuning of the probe field, and the phase difference $\delta
\phi$ between waves. By introducing these changes of parameters in
the atomic medium, the spin density of two interfering waves can
be made to rotate in a specific direction or at a specific rate.
The parameters of control fields and probe field detuning play an
essential role in the modification of electric SAM and electric
spin vector field distribution of the probe field. The modified
work of this manuscript is useful for Quantum computing, Optical
communication, Quantum information processing.
Key Words: Dynamical properties of light, Electric spin
density, Two-wave interference, coherent control, Four-level
N-type atomic configuration
Comparison of PET tracing and biodistribution between 64Cu-labeled micro-and nano-polystyrene in a murine inhalation model
Authors: Shanmugiah Joycie , Zaheer Javeria , Im Changkeun , Kang Choong Mo , Kim Jin Su 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Recent studies showed the presence of microplastic in human lungs. There remains an unmet need to identify the biodistribution of microplastic after inhalation. In this study, we traced the biodistribution of inhaled micro-sized polystyrene (mPS) and/or nano-sized PS (nPS) using 64Cu with PET in mice.
Methods:
We used 0.2-0.3-µm sized mPS and 20-nm sized nPS throughout. 64Cu-DOTA-mPS, 64Cu-DOTA-nPS and/or 64CuCl2 were used to trace the distribution in the murine inhalation model. PET images were acquired using an INVEON PET scanner at 1, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after intratracheal instillation, and the SUVmax for interesting organs were determined, biodistribution was then determined in terms of percentage injected dose/gram of tissue (%ID/g). Ex vivo tissue-radio thin-layer chromatography (Ex vivo-radioTLC) was used to demonstrate the existence of 64Cu-DOTA-PS in tissue.
Results:
PET image demonstrated that the amount of 64Cu-DOTA-mPS retained within the lung was significantly higher than 64Cu-DOTA-nPS until 72 h; SUVmax values of 64Cu-DOTA-mPS in lungs was 11.75.0, 48.36.2, 65.52.3, 42.213.1, and 13.22.3 at 1, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h respectively whereas it was 31.2 3.1, 17.3 5.9, 10.0 3.4, 8.1 2.4 and 8.9 3.6 for 64Cu-DOTA-nPS at the corresponding timepoints. The biodistribution data supported the PET data with a similar pattern of clearance of the radioactivity from the lung. nPS cleared rapidly post instillation in comparison to mPS within the lungs. Higher accumulation of %ID/g for nPS (roughly 2 times) were observed compared to mPS in spleen, liver, intestine, thymus, kidney, brain, salivary gland, ovary, and urinary bladder. Ex vivo-radioTLC was used to demonstrate that the detected gamma rays originated from 64Cu-DOTA-mPS or nPS.
Conclusion:
PET image demonstrated that the differences accumulations of mPS and/or nPS between lungs and other interesting organs. The information provided may be used as the basis for future studies on the toxicity of mPS and/or nPS.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics Associated with Screening Practices for Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy
Authors: Kim Jiyeong , Jeong Hyo Chan , Kwon Hyeon Yoon , Kim Young Hwan , Ahn Seong Joon 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this nationwide population-based cohort study, we investigated the demographic and clinical characteristics associated with hydroxychloroquine retinopathy screening using the National Health Insurance Review and Assessment database in South Korea. This study included a total of 32,732 at-risk patients, identified based on having been prescribed hydroxychloroquine for at least 6 months, and 15,477 long-term (> 5 years) users between January 2010 and December 2020. Participants were categorized based on the performance of baseline examinations (within 1 year of hydroxychloroquine use) and monitoring examinations (after 5 years of hydroxychloroquine use). Demographic and clinical factors, including hospitals and medical specialties prescribing hydroxychloroquine, indications for hydroxychloroquine use, and prescription details, were compared between groups. Significant differences were found in sex, residence, departments and hospitals (primary vs. referral centers) where hydroxychloroquine was prescribed, diagnosis for hydroxychloroquine therapy, and mean daily dose between patients who did and did not undergo baseline or monitoring examinations (all P < 0.01). Patients who received hydroxychloroquine prescriptions from referral hospitals were more likely to undergo baseline and monitoring examinations compared to those from primary clinics (both P < 0.001). Additionally, patients who received hydroxychloroquine prescriptions from the rheumatology department and had systemic lupus erythematosus were more likely to undergo baseline and monitoring examinations compared to other patients (all P < 0.001). There were notable differences in the number of modalities used for retinopathy screening between primary and referral centers (P < 0.001). Our findings suggest that several clinical factors related to hydroxychloroquine prescription and screening centers are associated with retinopathy screening practices.
Risk factors and characteristics of microplastics in the hospital wastewater treatment plant
Authors: Kamani Hossein , Ganji Fatemeh , Ghayebzadeh Mehdi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Plastic products are widely used globally, leading to their extensive presence in various wastewaters, water resources, and the environment, which poses environmental risks. Wastewater treatment plants are a significant source of the entry and release of microplastics into the environment. This study aims to investigate the abundance, shape, size, color, type of polymer, and risk of microplastic hazards in the hospital wastewater treatment plant. Samples were passed through stainless-steel sieves, and the digestion process was carried out using an H2O2 solution. Then, NaCl was used based on density to separate microplastics. The study utilized FESEM analysis to examine the surface morphology of microplastics and FTIR analysis to identify the type of polymer present in them. A semi-quantitative risk assessment model based on the polymers making up the microplastics was used to calculate the production risk of polymers present in the wastewater of wastewater treatment plant. The study found that the most common shape of microplastic particles in hospital wastewater treatment plant was fiber, and the predominant polymer identified in the microplastics of the wastewater was polypropylene. The hazard risk associated with certain polymers, such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, and polyethylene, was found to be higher than the standard rate obtained from other studies. Therefore, the effluent from the wastewater treatment plant is an important source of microplastics entering the environment, which requires assessment and investigation of the environmental risks and impacts associated with it.
Effect of radiation therapy on patients with stage T3 or T4 malignant Phyllodes tumors: a retrospective observational study based on SEER
Authors: Zhang Gongyin , Yang Ping , Zeng Jinsheng , Wei Changlong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Among all primary breast tumors, malignant phyllodes tumor of the breast(MPTB) make up less than 1%. In the treatment of phyllode tumors, surgical procedures such as mastectomy and breast-conserving surgery are the mainstay. MPTB has, however, been controversial when it comes to treating it with RT. We aimed to explore the prognostic impact of RT and other clinicopathologic factors on long-term survival for patients with stage T3 or T4 malignant phyllodes tumors.
Methods
We select patients with stage T3 or T4 MPTB who qualified for the criteria between 2000 and 2018 via the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. We performed 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) and Kaplan-Meier analysis to explore the role of RT in long-term survival of patients with stage T3 or T4 MPTB. A univariate and multivariate analysis of OS and BCSS risk factors was carried out using a Cox proportional hazards model. In addition, the nomogram graph of OS and BCSS was constructed.
Results
A total of 583 patients with stage T3 or T4 malignant Phyllodes tumors were included in this study, of whom 154(26.4%) received RT, and 429(73.6%) were treated without RT. Before adjustment, between groups with and without RT, OS(p = 0.212) and BCSS(p = 0.1) indicated no significant difference respectively. Using of PSM, the two groups still did not differ significantly in OS(p = 0.172) and BCSS(p = 0.552). In multivariate analysis, age, surgery of primary site and distant metastatic status were related to prognosis, while RT still did not affect OS and BCSS.
Conclusion
Based on the SEER database analysis, the study suggests that the patients with stage T3 or T4 MPTB treated with RT after surgery didn't have significant differences in BCSS or OS compared to those not treated with RT.
Disulfidptosis-related lncRNAs predict prognosis and immune response of Liver hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Li Cheng , Xing Donghui , Luo kaiping , He Xiang , Wu Wenqi , Li Yuhang , Lv Yangyang , Guo Jing , Zhai Yixin , Liu Su , Wang Jinhuan , Tian Linyan , Sun Huimeng , Jiang Yanan , Zhao Zhigang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Liver hepatocellular carcinoma(LIHC) is the most common types of cancers.LncRNA has a very important role in the disease progression of LIHC, meanwhile, disufidptosis is a newly discovered mode of tumor cell death that has received high attention.Therefore, we explored the relationship of disufidptosis-related lncRNAs(DTLNS) with clinical prognosis, immunotherapy and drug sensitivity in the LIHC.
Methods
RNA-expression profiling and clinical data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and 10 disufidptosis-related genes were obtained from the correlation Studies.The prognostic characteristics were constructed by co-expression analysis, lasso regression and Cox regression analysis. Patients were divided into high and low risk groups. Subsequently, gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome Enrichment (KEGG), immune-related function and tumor mutational load (TMB) analyses were performed by the DTLNS. Finally, we used the Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) algorithm to predict the immune escape and immunotherapy by the DTLNS, -and to determine the sensitivity to potential LIHC drugs.
Results
A totle of 424 DTLNS were obtained, and a prognostic signature was developed. We found that high-risk patients had worse overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) and mortality. Independent prognostic analyses, ROC, C-index and nomogram showed that the DTLNS can accurately predict the prognosis of patients. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the biological functions of DTLNS patients. We found that immune-related functions were suppressed in LIHC patients with disufidptosis-related genes mutations.
Conclusion
To conclude,the 424 DTLNS can effectively predict the prognosis of LIHC patients and may provide new insights into clinical applications and immunotherapy.