bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Speech, Language and Non‐verbal Communication in CLN2 and CLN3 Batten Disease
Authors: Morison Lottie D. , Whiteman Ineka T. , Vogel Adam P. , Tilbrook Lisa , Fahey Michael C. , Braden Ruth , Bredebusch Joanna , Hildebrand Michael S. , Scheffer Ingrid E. , Morgan Angela T. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCLN2 and CLN3 diseases, the most common types of Batten disease (also known as neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis), are childhood dementias associated with progressive loss of speech, language and feeding skills. Here we delineate speech, language, non‐verbal communication and feeding phenotypes in 33 individuals (19 females) with a median age of 9.5 years (range 3–28 years); 16 had CLN2 and 17 CLN3 disease; 8/15 (53%) participants with CLN2 and 8/17 (47%) participants with CLN3 disease had speech and language impairments prior to genetic diagnosis. At the time of study all participants, bar one, had language impairments. The remaining participant with typical language was tested at age 3 years, following pre‐symptomatic enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) from age 9 months. CLN2 and CLN3 disease had different profiles. For CLN2 disease, all affected individuals showed language impairment with dysarthria; older individuals with classical disease progressively became non‐verbal. For CLN3 disease, the presentation was more heterogeneous. Speech impairment was evident early in the disease course, with dysarthria (13/15, 87%), often manifesting as neurogenic stuttering (5/15, 33%). Participants with CLN2 disease had comparable expressive and receptive language skills (p > 0.99), yet participants with CLN3 disease had stronger expressive language than receptive language skills (p = 0.004). Speech, cognitive and language impairment and adaptive behaviour showed progressive decline in both diseases. Individuals with pre‐symptomatic ERT or atypical CLN2 disease were less impaired. Challenging behaviours were common in CLN3 (11/17, 65%), but less frequent in CLN2 (4/16, 25%) disease. Individuals with Batten disease require tailored speech therapy incorporating communication partner training utilising environment adaptations and informal communication behaviours.
Identification and quantitative trait locus mapping of Tartary buckwheat pre‐harvest sprouting
Authors: Zhu Liwei , Lv Yong , Shi Taoxiong , Huang Juan , Du Qianqian , Tang Guohong , Sun Genlou , Prince Odika , Chen Qingfu 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundTartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tartaricum) is particularly vulnerable to pre‐harvest sprouting (PHS) due to its extended flowering and fruiting cycle, especially during periods of prolonged rainfall. This susceptibility has significant adverse effects on yield, quality and post‐harvest processing. In this study, a recombinant inbred lines (RILs) population (XJ‐RILs) was developed from a cross between the PHS‐susceptible Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Xiaomiqiao’ (female parent) and the highly PHS‐resistant variety ‘Jinqiaomai 2’ (male parent). Key traits, including germination percentage, germination energy, germination index, field PHS (PHS‐F) and simulated PHS (PHS‐S), were evaluated, and a quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis was performed.Results(i) PHS‐S was strongly and significantly correlated with PHS‐F. (ii) A total of 11 QTLs associated with seed germination and 14 QTLs related to PHS were identified. Notably, the major QTL cluster qPHS8‐1 was consistently detected and mapped within the interval of 8.53–9.65 Mbp on chromosome Ft8. (iii) Genotyping of 221 XJ‐RILs across eight chromosomes revealed five residual heterozygous lines carrying a heterozygous interval of qPHS8‐1 cluster, with inbred line R56 being particularly suited for the fine mapping of qPHS8‐1.ConclusionThe PHS‐S test, conducted on entire Tartary buckwheat spikes, is an effective and comprehensive method for assessing PHS resistance in this crop. QTL mapping identified qPHS8‐1 as a major locus for PHS resistance, and inbred line R56 offers a promising resource for further fine mapping of this cluster. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
Study and Use of Spectral Symbol Properties for Isogeometric Matrices on Trimmed Geometries
Authors: Garoni Carlo , Manni Carla , Pelosi Francesca , Speleers Hendrik 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWe study the spectral behavior of (sequences of) matrices resulting from immersed isogeometric discretizations on trimmed geometries. They enjoy an asymptotic spectral distribution, described by a (spectral) symbol, and we discuss some properties of this symbol. In particular, we show that the structure and properties of the symbol are completely analogous to the untrimmed case when a suitable natural restriction of the parametric domain is considered. This spectral knowledge can be exploited to identify potentially fast preconditioners for the considered immersed discretization matrices and we propose a specific CG preconditioner based on the symbol. We also provide numerical experiments that support the correctness of the theoretical results and illustrate the performance of the proposed preconditioner.
The Mental Health Literacy and Stigma Scale—Bilingual Cultural Adaptation: Validity and Reliability Pilot Study in Nursing Students
Authors: Nogueira Maria José , Sas Síria , Rodríguez Lucía , Carbonero Andrea , Bello Uxía , Nascimento Leandro , Mendonça Susana , Teixeira Delfina 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimTo describe and evaluate the psychometric properties (reliability and construct validity) of the Mental Health Literacy and Stigma Scale‐Bilingual (MHLaSS‐B).DesignThis is a methodological study designed in a convenience sample of 271 Portuguese and Spanish nursing students who volunteered to participate in the research.MethodsThe Mental Health Literacy and Stigma Scale‐Bilingual version (Spanish and Portuguese) was used for data collection. MHLaSS‐B intercultural adaptation followed three stages: translation, back‐translation and pilot test and the thinking‐aloud techniques. Content validity was performed by Content Validity Index and Modified Kappa statistic. Construct validity and reliability tests were performed. Internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach's alpha. Data were analysed using SPSS programs. Ethics committee approval and permission from the institution involved were obtained.ResultsThe MHLaSS‐B has 28 items of one‐factor structure. Cronbach's alpha was 0.702. The cumulative variance explained was 23.14%. Respondents show High literacy and Low Stigma (M = 23.4).Patient or Public ContributionsThe availability of the MHLaSS‐B allows the general population of Portugal and Spain to have a versatile instrument for assessing stigma and MHL. The MHLaSS‐B presents good psychometric properties, and it can be a useful tool for novice health workers to better understand the aspects they should pay attention to manage MHL and stigma successfully. The MHLaSS‐B is a reliable, adaptable instrument that is now available and it can be used in investigation, teaching and clinical practice.
Impact of Pharmacovigilance Interventions Targeting Fluoroquinolones on Antibiotic Use in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom
Authors: Lasys Tomas , Santa‐Ana‐Tellez Yared , Siiskonen Satu J. , Groenwold Rolf H. H. , Gardarsdottir Helga 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPurposeFluoroquinolones are antibiotics associated with adverse events that prompted the European Medicines Agency to implement risk minimization measures (RMMs) in 2018/19 and 2020. Our aim is to assess the RMMs' impact on antibiotic prescriptions in primary care during 2014–2023.MethodsWe assessed antibiotic prescriptions using CPRD GOLD (the United Kingdom, UK) and PHARMO (the Netherlands, NL). Prescriptions were assessed for fluoroquinolones and alternative antibiotics. The impact of RMMs on prescribing was assessed with interrupted time series (ITS) using monthly prescription rates per 10 000 person‐years (MPTPY).ResultsBetween 2014 and 2023, we identified cohorts of 4.0 (UK) and 0.9 million (NL) antibiotic users. Fluoroquinolones were prescribed to initiate 1.5% (UK) to 5.8% (NL) of the treatment episodes.Fluoroquinolone prescribing before the RMMs slowly decreased in the UK and was stable in the NL. The 2018/19 RMMs were associated with a steady downward post‐RMMs trend in incident use of fluoroquinolones (MPTPY −0.7 [UK] and −0.8 [NL]) and opposite changes after 2020 RMMs (MPTPY 0.6 [UK] and 1.8 [NL]).The 2018/2019 RMMs were linked with increasing trends for other antibacterials (J01XX) in both countries and other beta‐lactam antibacterials in the UK, but most antibiotics had decreasing trends post‐RMMs in both countries. After the 2020 RMMs, some antibiotic groups showed upward trends.ConclusionThe risk minimization measures in 2018/2019 were associated with a moderate decrease in fluoroquinolone prescribing, with no further decrease after 2020 RMMs. There was no sustained increase in other antibiotic prescribing, suggesting that overprescribing was negligible as an unintended impact of RMMs.
Study on the Impact of Reducing Aluminium Foil Thickness on the Barrier Properties of Retort Pouches During Shelf Life: Simulated Physical Stress Considering Distribution Environment
Authors: Kim Jung Min , Park Hyun Jin , Bae Hojae 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTRetort pouches, valued for their lightness, efficient heat transfer and user convenience, are globally popular. Addressing environmental concerns associated with retort packaging involves efforts to reduce materials and greenhouse gases. We aimed to cut the aluminium foil layer's thickness in retort pouches from 9 to 7 μm. Despite concerns about quality degradation, tests, including crumpling and oxygen permeability measurements, revealed minimal differences between 9‐ and 7‐μm aluminium foil pouches during sterilization and storage. The observed behaviour may be linked to the foil's flexibility. Efforts to decrease foil thickness align with a broader plan to mitigate environmental impact. The study indicates that a reduction from 9 to 7 μm in aluminium foil thickness maintains performance integrity underscoring the feasibility of more eco‐friendly packaging strategies in the context of retort pouches.
Optimizing Medical Pretreatment for Balloon Pulmonary Angioplasty: Overshoot or Stride Toward Optimal Multimodal Treatment
Authors: Staal D. P. , van Leusden F. J. , van Thor M. C. J. , Peper J. , Rensing B. J. M. W. , van Kuijk J. P. , Mulder B. J. M. , van den Heuvel D. , Boomars K. A. , Boerman S. , Mager J. J. , Post M. C. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) who undergo balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA), pretreatment with PH‐targeted medical therapy may be beneficial to improve clinical parameters and pulmonary hemodynamics. This study aims to describe clinical results of PH‐targeted therapy prior to BPA. All consecutive patients with CTEPH who underwent BPA treatment were selected from our CTEPH database. Medical treatment strategy, clinical parameters, and pulmonary hemodynamics at time of diagnosis and at the first BPA were analyzed. In total 92 CTEPH patients who started BPA treatment (64.1% women; 60.4 ± 14.1 years of age; 62.0% NYHA FC III/IV) were included. Most patients received dual oral PH‐targeted medical therapy (68.5%) prior to BPA. Between diagnosis and first BPA (median time 13.9 [7.5–30.7] months) significant improvements were observed in patients treated with PH‐targeted medical therapy for both clinical (6MWD: +28.2 m [5.1–51.3], log NTproBNP: −0.4 pg/ml [−0.8 to −0.1]) as well as pulmonary hemodynamic parameters (mPAP: −6.5 mmHg [−8.5 to −4.5], CO: +0.6 L/min [0.2–1.0] and PVR: −2.8 WU [−3.5 to −2.1]). The overall complication rate per BPA (out of a total of 441 procedures) was 15.0% for patients on monotherapy and 14.9% for those on dual/triple PH‐targeted medical therapy. No severe complications occurred. In conclusion, pretreatment with PH‐targeted medical therapy prior to BPA results in an improvement in clinical‐ and pulmonary hemodynamic parameters.
Nutritional and Bioactive Compounds of Novel Protein‐Based Ingredients From Industrial Hempseed Hearts
Authors: Chen Bingqi , Dia Vermont P. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDefatted hempseed obtained after oil extraction has the potential to be rich protein sources with bioactivity. Three different enzymes, including bromelain, Alcalase, and trypsin, which have been widely used in the food industry were used for enzymatic hydrolysis. This study aimed to investigate nutritional, anti‐nutritional, and bioactive properties contained in hempseed protein‐based ingredients (HPBI). The results demonstrated that HPBI and their enzymatic hydrolysates have high in vitro protein digestibility (IVPD) (61.91%–99.99%) and low amounts of antinutritional factors such as phytic acid and trypsin inhibitors. In addition, hydrolysates of HPBI contain relatively high amounts of bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols (1.90–4.63 mg/g), flavonoids (0.22–2.03 mg/g), tannins (10.44–34.84 mg/g), and carbohydrates (40.18–228.07 mg/g), which could contribute to human health promotion. Moreover, three different HPBIs contain high contents of essential amino acids (over 228.1 mg/g protein), indicating high protein quality. Our study suggested that the whole HPBI and its hydrolysates are rich protein ingredients with promising nutritional value and bioactive compounds.
Utilizing Tissues Self‐Assembled in Fiber Optic‐Based “Chinese Guzheng Strings” for Contractility Sensing and Drug Efficacy Evaluation: A Practical Approach
Authors: Li Tianliang , Wan Zhongjun , Wang Qian'ao , Qiao Feng , Pan Ganlin , Zhao Chen , Zhu Yongwen , Zhou Haotian , Tan Yuegang , Zhou Zude , Zhang Donghui 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRecent advances in drug design and compound synthesis have highlighted the increasing need for effective methods of toxicity evaluation. A specialized force sensor, known as the light wavelength‐encoded “Chinese guzheng” is developed. This innovative sensor is equipped with optical fiber strings and utilizes a wavelength‐encoded fiber Bragg grating (FBG) that is chemically etched to reduce its diameter. This design allows the sensor to detect minimal forces as low as l µN. This sensor is successfully applied to monitor human‐induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived human‐engineered heart tissue (hEHT) models that can self‐assemble and contact optical fiber‐based strings. The sensor detects micro newton contraction forces in real‐time by measuring the wavelength drift resulting from hEHT contractions. In addition, the sensor is precise and durable, exhibiting a fatigue resistance of up to 800 000 cycles, making it suitable for long‐term monitoring. The device effectively measured the contractile force of the hEHTs under various physiological conditions, including natural contraction, electrical stimulation, and stretching. Moreover, multichannel detection enables the study and demonstration of short‐ and long‐term effectiveness of multiple drugs. This breakthrough sensor addresses the critical need for high‐precision real‐time monitoring in drug evaluation and provides a solid foundation for screening drugs to treat cardiomyopathy.
Novel Photodynamic Inactivation Strategy for Salmonella Enteritidis PT4 on Eggshells: Exploiting the Antimicrobial Potential of Curcumin and Carvacrol
Authors: Keyvan Erhan , Donmez Soner , Kahraman Hatice Ahu , Tutun Hidayet , Calişkan Zuhal , Rugji Jerina , Keyvan Nilay , Şen Erdi , Gumus Hidir 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPhotodynamic inactivation (PDI) is a new and promising strategy for eliminating foodborne pathogenic bacteria in food preservation, reducing associated health risks for consumers. This study aimed to develop an innovative PDI‐based system to inactivate Salmonella Enteritidis PT4 on eggshells. The system includes 405 nm light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) and the application of curcumin or carvacrol as photosensitizers. The antibacterial activity of the system was investigated in eggshells inoculated with S. Enteritidis PT4 at different temperatures (4, 25, and 37°C) and exposure times (15, 30, and 45 min). Carvacrol + LEDs application was completely inhibited S. Enteritdis PT4 at 4 (after 30 min), 25, and 37°C at the 45th min. Curcumin + LED completely inhibited bacterial growth after 45 min at 4 and 25°C. The results showed that simultaneous use of carvacrol or curcumin with LEDs at various temperatures exhibited significant antibacterial activity against the bacteria depending on the exposure time. The application of curcumin or carvacrol sourced via PDI in the originally developed system resulted in any significant changes in egg quality parameters and sensory properties. This study demonstrated that PDI‐based system using curcumin or carvacrol as photosensitizers could be a potential tool for decontamination of eggs contaminated with S. Enteritidis PT4.
Evaluating the In Vitro Anthelmintic Activity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO‐NPs) Against the Adult Stages of Fasciola hepatica
Authors: Abdelhamid Mahmoud , Fouad Dalia , Alian Abdallah , Nasr Asmaa A. , Abd‐Allah H. , Farouk Mohamed , Abd elmaleck Barakat Shehata , Alexiou Athanasios , Papadakis Marios , Batiha Gaber El‐Saber , Anwar Fatma A. S. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundFascioliasis represents one of the most significant parasitic and foodborne zoonotic diseases in the world. Resistance to currently deployed human and veterinary flukicides is a growing health problem. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO‐NPs) have developed enormous importance in nanomedicine. The current study aims to evaluate the flukicide activity of ZnO‐NPs on the adult stages of Fasciola hepatica, in vitro assay.MethodsMature flukes of F. hepatica were collected from the biliary tracts of cattle liver from the main slaughterhouses in Aswan Governorate, Egypt. The co‐precipitation process was utilized to create ZnO‐NPs. The adult active flukes of F. hepatica (n = 6) were transferred in Petri dishes (triplicates) containing different concentrations of ZnO‐NPs (0.5, 0.10 and 0.12 mg/mL), with simultaneous maintenance of control in only PBS. The treated and control groups of flukes were maintained inside an incubator at 37°C ± 1°C. Mortality and paralysis of the flukes were observed. The adult flukes were picked up for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination from the control medium, and those exposed to the highest effective concentration of ZnO‐NPs. ZnO‐NPs showed dose‐dependent flukicide efficacy against the adult flukes.ResultsAt 0.12 mg/mL concentration of ZnO‐NPs, the mortality of flukes was attained early in 4.05 ± 0.033 h. The photomicrographs obtained by SEM of the flukes revealed that ZnO‐NPs (0.12 mg/mL) had a potent effect on the integument surface and genital system of F. hepatica. Most of the tegument was damaged with complete erosion and loss of the spines and papillae. Furthermore, a severe rupture in the genital system causes the uterus to burst and releases eggs through the genital pore.ConclusionsHence, it could be concluded that ZnO‐NPs performed effective anthelmintic activity against the adult stages of F. hepatica, in vitro. The results of the present study recommend the use of ZnO‐NPs as new preparations with anthelmintic activity.
Implementation teledermatologischer Konsile am Universitätsklinikum Leipzig
Authors: Triebswetter Susanne , Simon Jan C. , Seitz Anna-Theresa 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Zahlreiche Patient:innen, die in eine Klinik stationär aufgenommen werden, weisen nebenbefundlich Hautveränderungen auf. Am Universitätsklinikum Leipzig AöR wurden in einem Jahr ca. 800 Konsile durch die Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie beantwortet.

Ziel der Arbeit
Es erfolgten die Implementation einer teledermatologischen Konsillösung und anschließend die retrospektive Evaluation dieser und der daraus resultierenden Zufriedenheit von konsilstellenden und konsilbeantwortenden Ärzt:innen.

Material und Methoden
Es erfolgte eine Auswertung aller Konsilanfragen, die mittels Store-and-Forward-Technologie über die Fotodokumentations-App imitoCAM®-App (imito AG Zürich/Schweiz) und das Krankenhausinformationssystem SAP® (SAP Deutschland SE & Co. KG Walldorf/Deutschland) zwischen 01.02.2023 und 31.07.2023 beantwortet wurden, sowie von Fragebögen zur Zufriedenheit, die nach erfolgtem Konsil den beteiligten Ärzt:innen zugeschickt wurden.

Ergebnisse
In die Auswertung gingen 419 Konsile ein, davon wurden 90 teledermatologisch beantwortet. Die Konsilärzt:innen gaben an, dass in 92 % der Fälle eine rein telemedizinische Behandlung erfolgen konnte, und 90,9 % der konsilstellenden Ärzt:innen beurteilten die technische Umsetzung als gut bis sehr gut, und 47,5 % der Konsilärzt:innen gaben eine Zeitersparnis von mindestens 30–60 min im Vergleich zur Beantwortung von Bett‑/Ambulanzkonsilen an.

Diskussion
Unsere Untersuchung zeigt das enorme Potenzial der Teledermatologie auch im stationären Setting. Die Implementation von Telekonsilen ermöglicht eine effizientere Konsilbeantwortung, reduziert zeit- und kostenintensive Transporte in die Hautklinikambulanz und bietet Patient:innen eine komfortablere dermatologische Begutachtung mit vermindertem Infektionsrisiko.

Graphic abstract
Ethisch verantwortungsvoll und rechtssicher entscheiden – Rechtliche und ethische Voraussetzungen und Anforderungen an die partizipative Entscheidungsfindung
Authors: Tietz Kimberley , Stulik Hannah , Nordhausen Thomas , Luderer Christiane , Steckelberg Anke , Schmidt Heike , Rosenau Henning 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung
Die Verwirklichung von Patientenautonomie in medizinischen Entscheidungssituationen ist eine zentrale
Frage in der Gesundheitsversorgung, der sich das Medizinrecht und die Medizinethik aus jeweils unterschiedlichen
Perspektiven annähern. Um eine rechtssichere und gleichzeitig ethisch verantwortungsvolle Entscheidungsfindung
zu gewährleisten, müssen beide Perspektiven miteinander in Einklang gebracht werden. Wie diese
Verknüpfung mithilfe des Prinzips der Partizipativen Entscheidungsfindung (PEF) erfolgen kann, wird
im vorliegenden Beitrag beleuchtet.
Role of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in alleviation of tinnitus in normal hearing subjects
Authors: Aly Maha Abdelgaber A. , Ramadan Enas Mostafa O. , Eloseily Amira Mohammad 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Subjective tinnitus is characterized by perception of sound in the absence of any external or internal acoustic stimuli. Many approaches have been developed over the years to treat tinnitus (medical and nonmedical). However, no consensus has been reached on the optimal therapeutic approach. Electrical nerve stimulation targeting peripheral auditory pathways presents a promising area of investigation for the treatment of tinnitus. Non-invasive transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation of the auricular branch of the vagus nerve has been introduced and studied but its success rate varies and conflicting results have been reported. In this study we aim to assess the role of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in alleviation of tinnitus in normal hearing subjects and to study the different factors that may affect the degree of alleviation of tinnitus.

Methods
The study group consisted of 64 subjects (38 male and 26 female). The age ranged between 20 and 60 years. All of them suffering from subjective tinnitus. Assessment of tinnitus loudness analyzed by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) which was applied before and directly after TENS stimulation.

Results
There is a statistically significant difference in tinnitus loudness before and after TEN stimulation as assessed by VAS. 45 out of 64 (70.31%) patients had improvement after TENS, from them nine patients had a complete reduction of tinnitus. There is no statistically significant relation between the studied variables and the degree of tinnitus reduction.

Conclusion
ta-VNS is an effective treatment of subjective tinnitus but we could not assess for how long this residual inhibition persists due to lack of long term follow up. However, it is difficult to decide who might benefit from ta-VNS, patients with unilateral tinnitus on right ear and those with whistling sound have more reduction in tinnitus loudness than others.