bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of combined interventions to optimize recovery during high-intensity exercises in trained individuals
Authors: Beltrami Fernando G. , Hanselmann Linus , Spengler Christina M. 
Published: February 2023

Background
Team sports such as ice hockey offer the opportunity of recovery breaks between high-intensity work intervals. Strategies aiming to mitigate fatigue during intermittent physical activity are seldom investigated in combination, although several different mechanisms of action exist, which might be cumulative and therefore beneficial for athletes. This study examined the effects of seven combined recovery interventions (enhanced recovery package, ERP) on exercise capacity during intermittent high-intensity cycling.
Methods
Sixteen trained men (age: 24.8 ± 3.4 y; maximal power output: 5.0 ± 0.5 W･kg-1) completed a repeated sprint exercise (RSE) protocol consisting of six 30-s cycling sprints with 3-min breaks between each sprint. The first sprint was always performed at a similar load, while sprints 2-6 were performed with the ergometer in cadence dependent mode (0.075 kg･kg-1). During the breaks, the ERP, Placebo, or Control protocols were applied, all on different days. The ERP condition combined 1) 3-min ice gel packs to the neck; 2, 3) 5-s mouth rinsing of a 10% carbohydrate and caffeine (6 mg･kg-1), 4) ingestion of 50 ml of a 6% carbohydrate solution, 5, 6) 30 s of all-out hyperventilation while breathing 100% O2 (hyperoxia); and finally, 7) potentiation maneuvers via performance of 3 half-squats at 75% of one maximal repetition. The placebo intervention masked the interventions except for the ice packs and potentiation maneuvers. Participants were told they were performing a simplified version with only the known beneficial interventions. Power output, heart rate, blood lactate concentration, rate of perceived exertion and gas exchange were compared between the ERP and Placebo conditions.
Results
Mean power output (W) was significantly higher for the ERP condition compared to Placebo (570 ± 74 W vs. 560 ± 71 W, t(15) = 4.603, P < 0.001, 95% CI diff = 5 – 14 W, dz = 1.15). The rate of power decrement over sprints 2-6 was very similar between trials (ERP -14.2 W per sprint, 95% CI = -21.6 – -6.8 W; Placebo -17.4 W per sprint, 95% CI = -24.7 – -10.2 W per sprint, P = 0.407). Mean heart rate was higher (3 ± 4 bpm, P = 0.012) for the ERP compared to the Placebo condition, as was breathing frequency (2.4 ± 4.0 breaths･min-1, P = 0.028) and respiratory exchange ratio (0.12 ± 0.06, P < 0.001). Oxygen uptake was 80 ± 109 ml･min-1 (P = 0.013) lower for ERP. No differences were found with regards to the rate of perceived exertion or blood lactate concentration.
Conclusion
ERP optimized recovery when applied during the breaks of a high-intensity repeated sprint exercise and shows a small but consistent increase in mean power output. It is possible that the ERP prevented a loss of aerobic efficiency. A top-down approach when tailoring packages for individual athletes might overcome the issue of small improvements that are difficult to detect when strategies are tested in isolation.
The transfer market for non-big five clubs: The case of the Swiss Super League
Authors: Mustafi Zahid , Bayle Emmanuel , Terrien Mickael 
Published: February 2023

Introduction
The objective of this research is to study the strategies of Swiss first division clubs in the transfer market. In a context where the revenues of the big 5 clubs (before Covid-19) keep increasing (especially TV rights), the weak financial capacities of the non-big 5 clubs, especially in terms of their low revenues from media rights, push them to devise different strategies. Given the profiles of the clubs, how do they organise their strategy on the transfer market - T - (purchase-sale)? We seek to answer the following questions: What is the importance of transfers on the economic model of Swiss first division clubs? What share of their budget do they represent?
Methods
Market purchases/sales (from 2015 to 2020) define our T (Transfers). We therefore seek to understand the strategy of Swiss clubs in the transfer market from a purely economic point of view (we do not take into account the sporting aspect) and to see what profits Swiss clubs make thanks to T. We then compare, season by season and club by club, the results obtained on the transfer market in relation to the clubs’ budget. We supplement this quantitative data with qualitative interviews with scouting managers from 8 Super League clubs in order to understand the professionalization of Swiss clubs in this area. We carried out an empirical data processing - k-means - to propose a typology of the 12 Super League clubs according to their role in the transfer market and the importance of the T compared to their budget.
Results

Cluster 1 - The low importance of T: The T represents a very small part of the clubs’ budget in this cluster. Transfers have a very low importance here.
Cluster 2 - Singularity of FC Basel: FC Basel is alone in this cluster with sales and purchases well above the other clubs.
Cluster 3 - Confirmed importance of the T on sales: Clubs in this cluster are close to the cluster number 2. Sales are here very important for clubs.
Cluster 4 - A balance of the T between purchases and sales: The purchases and sales are balanced. Clubs in this cluster sell and spend just as much to strengthen themselves.

Discussion - Conclusion
We can see that when a team succeeds in establishing itself in the Super League with stable revenues, it can hope to make purchases on the transfer market thanks to sponsorship or ticketing, which allow it to increase its budget. And when a team manages to qualify for European competitions, its strategy can be diversified and we can see teams making more substantial purchases. Moreover a club can move from one cluster to another quickly. The professionalisation of the scouting of young players also plays a very big role and the resources and professional skills of each club in this area can be very important.
Resilience characterized and quantified from physical activity data: A tutorial in R
Authors: Baretta Dario , Koch Sarah , Cobo Inés , Castano-Vinyals Gemma , De Cid Rafael , Carreras Anna , Buekers Joren , Garcia-Aymerich Judith , Inauen Jennifer , Chevance Guillaume 
Published: February 2023

Rationale
Consistent physical activity (PA) is key for health and well-being; however, various events (e.g., pandemic outbreaks, acute diseases) can act as stressors for PA, and thus may be followed by a decrease in PA levels. The process of recovering from such stressors and bouncing back to the previous state of PA can be referred to as resilience. Quantifying resilience is fundamental to assess the impact of stressors on daily PA and to identify factors and strategies to foster adaptive capacities. However, PA time series are typically characterized by evident daily fluctuations that mask the underlying trajectory and, therefore, prevent from detecting the point in time when the system consistently recovers from the stressor. Objective: In this paper, we present a methodological approach to identify the recovery point and ultimately quantify the resilience process from PA data using the area under the curve (AUC). Methods: As use case to illustrate the methodology, we quantified resilience in step count for eight participants following the stressor represented by the start of the first COVID-19 lockdown (March 15, 2020). Step count time series were collected in Barcelona, as part of the COVICAT study, in the period between October 1, 2019 and September 30, 2020. Steps were collected daily using wrist-worn devices. The methodology is implemented in R and a tutorial is available on Open Science Framework. Results: We applied the following analytical steps to each participant’s time series. 1) We calculated the pre-stressor baseline level for step count as the median step count before the first COVID-19 lockdown. 2) We fitted multiple growth models (i.e., linear, quadratic, generalized additive) to each participant’s post stressor time series and identified the best model using the Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE). 3) We used the fitted values from the selected model to identify the point in time when the participants recovered from the stressor (bouncing back to the baseline level). 4) We quantified the AUC and, ultimately, resilience as the cumulative difference between baseline level and each fitted value before the recovery point. Further resilience features were extracted to capture the different aspects of the process and will be presented. Conclusions: Our contribution offers a methodological guide to quantify resilience from PA data and proposes a ready-to-go toolbox that can be easily applied by interested researchers and foster further scientific investigation in different ways. For instance, it allows to i) explore the determinants of the resilience process for PA, ii) identify intervention strategies that improve individuals’ adaptive capacities and promote faster resilience, and iii) use the provided indicators of resilience as outcomes to test the effectiveness of interventions aiming at reducing the impact of stressors on PA.
The effects of managerial turnover on employee performance
Authors: Pereira Marco Henriques , Dietl Helmut Max , Lang Markus , Orlowski Johannes 
Published: February 2023

Introduction
Managers are a crucial ingredient of a well-functioning team. Thus, managerial turnover is critical for teams worldwide and of all sizes. Moreover, the teams themselves are becoming increasingly diverse and international, which poses a major challenge for managers. Managing a team becomes even more challenging when new managers take over a team they do not yet know. This article examines the effects of managerial turnover on employee performance by considering the tradeoff that originates from these two managers’ responsibilities. The tradeoff exists between the employees’ work quality, depending on the task allocation, and the employees’ exerted work, depending on employee motivation. We measure performance not on a team but on an individual employee level. To overcome the obstacles in measuring the individual employee’s performance, we focus on the sports industry, in which the performance of employees is highly measurable and comparable. On the one hand, to measure how efficiently managers allocate tasks, we look at pass accuracy. On the other hand, to measure how effectively managers motivate their employees, we look at distance covered, runs, and sprints performed.
Methods
To explore how managerial turnover affects individual employee performance, we built a unique 7-year panel dataset consisting of performance, game, and contextual data of 1,284 players playing across 2,141 German first soccer division (Bundesliga) games covering the seasons 2011/2012 to 2017/2018. The final sample contains 29,962 player-game observations for a total of 929 players. Using four fixed effects instrumental variable regression models, we uncover the causal relationship between managerial turnover on the one hand and employee performance on the other hand.
Results
The results demonstrate that managerial turnover negatively affects work quality because new managers allocate tasks less efficiently. Moreover, the results demonstrate that managerial turnover positively affects employees’ efforts because new managers motivate more effectively. By combining arguments of the human capital theory, the social capital theory, and the principal-agent theory, we can theoretically explain these opposing effects and the inconclusive past results.
Discussion/Conclusion
The contributions of this article to the existing body of literature on the effects of managerial turnover are twofold. First, this article is the first to examine the effects of managerial turnover on the individual level rather than overall team performance. Second, we split the individual employee performance into work quality and effort and connect these performance categories with two prominent managers’ responsibilities allowing a better understanding of the relationship between managerial turnover and employee performance and explaining previous theoretical and empirical research’s inconclusive findings. The results have important implications for human resource management.
Assessment of hearing threshold and noise induced hearing loss in people engaged in different occupations
Authors: Arya Sandeep , Kumar Krishan , Khoiyangbam R. S. , Kumar Vinit 
Published: February 2023

Hearing threshold was assessed in subjects engaged in different occupations at 250 Hz, 500 Hz, 1000 Hz, 2000 Hz, 4000 Hz and 8000 Hz, for left and right ear. The results revealed that the hearing threshold of truck drivers, auto drivers, traffic policeman, shop keepers, military personals, post office personals are significantly higher than the corresponding value for the normal subjects (persons not engaged in any particular profession). Among the different occupational categories, the truck drivers were found to have maximum hearing loss at higher frequencies which was followed by traffic police, army personals, auto drivers, shopkeepers and tailors.
Impact of sugar industries of kushinagar district (U.P.) on water quality: Using remote sensing and Geographical information System (GIS)
Authors: Awasthi Gyanendra , Kumar Vinay , Chandra Harish , Singh Ajay , Mathur Airvind 
Published: February 2023

Quality of water is an important aspect for drinking and other related requirement. Water has been the most exploited natural resource due to ever increasing demand of man for food, cloth, industrialization. In the present study effect of sugar effluent on water quality at given region in two seasonal conditions i.e. pre rainy season and post rainy season and the sampled data was analyzed separately for pH, Total dissolved solid (TDS), Nitrate, Phosphate, Dissolved oxygen (DO), Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and Chemical oxygen Demand (COD) and followed by G.I.S. to develop respective maps. It was found that the pH value was alkaline in pre rainy season and slightly acidic in post rainy season. TDS was found high in 66% area during pre rainy season and 74.6% in post rainy season above permissible limit . In pre rainy season 83.4% area and in post rainy season 98.4% area contains high electrical conductivity .In pre rainy season BOD was found more than 6mg/l in 80.9% in pre rainy season and in 84.2% area in post rainy season. COD was found above prescribed limit (>10mg/l) in 59.5%area in pre rainy season and in 93.6% area in post rainy season 33.3% area contain high phosphate in pre rainy season 46.03% area contains high phosphate in post rainy season .Nitrate was found in permissible limit in pre rainy season 46.6% area was found to contain nitrate in post rainy season 7.1% of the geographical area is having fluoride concentration more than 1.5mg/l and 28.5% area is having fluoride concentration below the normal limit .Thus 35.6% of total area is not suitable for drinking purpose.6.34% area contain fluoride above prescribed limit
Isolation and Identification of Food Spoiling Bacteria
Authors: Chauhan Bharti 
Published: February 2023

Raw fruits and vegetables have been known to serve as vehicles of human disease for at least a century.In the present study a survey of different hospitals and clinics of Srinagar was done to investigate the cases of food borne diseases in the valley. It was found that Staphylococcus aureus was predominant in banana and grapes, which is known to cause Staphyloccocal food poisoning.
Sanaffar - A wonderful ethnomedicine from north western tarai forest of Uttar Pradesh – A new report
Authors: Singh Babli , T. P. Mall 
Published: February 2023

Du ring th e ethnomedi cinal and taxonomi c su rvey for the flora of the Ki shan pur forest ran ge alon g wi th M.Sc. Botany Students on Nov 24, 2006, the authors were introduced by their guide to a tree plant at the bank of Jhadi Tal locally named as Sanaffar. Kishanpur forest range is about 25km. from Dudwa National Park head quarter. The au thor were told by thei r guide that some time s newl y born baby upto age of 6 month contin uously c ry/weep probabl y due to excessive pai n be cau se of certai n ailme nt. Later the body become bluish. Since the baby can not speak about the ailment, some times it results to the death of the baby. In such case if the bark of Sanaffar is boiled in water and bath of the baby is taken place thrice a day or so with the Sanaffar bark boiled warm water, the baby become cure and stop crying. Our guide Sri Baddal Ram Rana is a Tharu tribe, local resident of a tharu village Muen Nuchani, P.O. Parsia, Distt. Kheri Lakhimpur told that they get their ethnomedicinal knowledge from their elders. They carry the flowering twigs from the forest & show to their different elders and note down the medicinal use if any. His statement was later confirmed by Sri M ihi Lal Dangaura, an e lde rly Jadu Ton a (witche ry) expert of the Dudwa locality. He is R/o Vi llage Bal era. P.O. Dh uskiya, Distt. Kh eri-Lakhi mpur. Sanaffar kn own locally c an n ot be identified botanically because the plant was not in flowering stage at the time.
Studies on helminth parasites of fresh water fishes in Nathsagar reservoir, Paithan, Aurangabad district
Authors: Podwal Nitin , Jadhav B. V. , Bhure D. B. 
Published: February 2023

Freshwater fishes from Nathsagar reservoir, Paithan, Dist. Aurangabad (M.S.) were collected from June 2004 to May 2006. The 1296 fishes were observed from helminthic infections, out of them 761 fishes (58.71%) were infected with helminth parasites. Thirty six species of helminthes were recovered throughout the investigation i.e. 10 species of the trematodes include the genera Genarchopsis, Ozaki, 1925; Orientochreadium, Tubangui, 1931; Oudhia, Dayal et al. Gupta, 1954; Phyllodistomum, Braun, 1899 and Macrotrema, Gupta, 1931. 20 species of the cestodes included six genera i.e. Lytocestus, Cohn, 1908; Senga, Dollfus, 1934; Shinde, 1968; Proteocehalus, Weinlend, 1858; Gangesia, Woodland, 1924 and Silurotaenia, Nybelin, 1942. And six species of the nematodes included two genera. Rhabdochona, Railliet, 1961 and Camalanus, Yeh, 1960. The high prevalence (75.69%) occur in summer season where l ow prevalence (37.5%) in monsoon season. The Mastacembellus armatus is highl y infected (64.58%) with helminth parasi tes.
Study of physico-chemical parameter for a reservoir at Khandwa District (M.P.)
Authors: Keshre Vivek , Mudgal L.K. , Khanna D. R. , Matta Gagan , Kumar Dheeraj 
Published: February 2023

2 Importance of water for the living being could not be neglected, with this view and the impact of the reservoir from the ecological and local point, this study was carried out. Reservoir studied is located at Khandwa, 3 Km. away from city, Khandwa on a local nallha named Barood nallah. It is a rain water reservoir, the primary source of water to the reservoir is a 6.4 Km long canal called Ajanti canal. Analysis of the reservoir water is carri ed out to observe the effect of de c re asin g catc h me nt’s are a, du e to sil tation an d de c re asin g wate r quantity on the physico-chemical condition of the reservoir water and its seasonal variation. Physico-chemical parameter analyzed were; temperature, pH, turbidity, transparency, TDS, silicate, free CO , DO, BOD, COD, total h ardne ss, Ca h ardne ss, M g h ardne ss, sul phate, fluori de, c hlori de and potassium form Au gu st 2006 July2007. Statistical analysis of the obtained data is carried out to draw conclusion.
Comparison of effect of prophylactic administration of ondansetron and placebo on prevention of post induction hypotension in elderly patients undergoing surgery in general anesthesia
Authors: Bangash Lala Rukh , Akhter Aqsa , Zafar Madiha , Zaki Arsalan , Waheed Marium , Anwar Anum 
Published: February 2023

Background: Post-induction hypotension is a frequently encountered complication seen particularly in elderly population. Hypotension, by impairing vital organ perfusion, increases the morbidity and mortality of the patients. prophylactic use of ondansetron in preventing hypotension after induction of general anaesthesia in elderly patients , hence getting the benefit of preventing both hypotension and postoperative nausea and vomiting by the use of a single drug.
Subjects and method: This randomized controlled clinical trial was carried out in the operation theaters of general surgery, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, from 09-09-2017 to 09-09-2018. A total of 80 patients who were to undergo general anaesthesia for elective general surgical procedures were recruited for this study. After taking informed consent, the patients were randomly divided into two groups. Patients in group A received ondansetron and those in group B received placebo prior to the induction of anaesthesia. Efficacy was labeled in terms of absence of hypotension i.e. a drop in mean arterial pressure of no more than 25% of baseline at 1, 3, 5, 9 and 11 minutes after induction of anaesthesia. The data was recorded on a predesigned proforma. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 21.
Results: Both groups were comparable in terms of age, gender, ASA status, BMI and weight. Efficacy was seen in 19 (47.50%) cases managed by ondansetron vs. 10 (25%) in placebo group (p = 0.03). There was significant difference of efficacy in patients with age between 60 to 70 years where 63.63% patients in the Group A effectively maintained their blood pressure (p=0.02). Patients having age 70 years or above did not show statistically significant difference. History of hypertension made no impact on the efficacy of ondansetron for maintaining blood pressure after induction (p=0.53)
Keywords:
Ondansetron, Efficacy, Hypotension
Spectrum of soft tissue sarcomas: Experience of surgery at a tertiary care referral hospital in Central Lahore
Authors: Nazir Absar , Naveed Muhammad Rashid , Bano Ghazala , Sohail Azka 
Published: February 2023

Background: Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are malignant tumours arising from mesenchymal tissue, comprising <1% of all the tumours of the human body and represent the second most common type of solid tumours in children and adolescents. Surgical resection is considered the mainstay of treatment, supported by multimodal therapies including chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Resource-limited countries, like Pakistan, face additional challenges due to inadequate resources. This study presents the experience of management of soft tissue sarcomas presenting to a tertiary care hospital in Central Lahore.
Patients and methods: This was an observational study conducted in Surgical Unit I of Sir Ganga Ram Hospital Lahore from January 2017 till June 2022. American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system and Fédération Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer (FNCLCC) resection classification was applied. Surgical treatment including R0, R1 and R2 resections were carried out. SPSS 23 version was used for statistical analysis of collected data.
Results: A total of 36 patients; 24 male (66.7%) and 12 females (33.3%) were included. Anatomical site involvement was observed as 23 (63.8%) limb sarcomas and 13 (36.1%) trunk sarcomas. Out of 36 patients, 20 (55.6%) patients were staged as stage II, 11 (30.5%) patients as stage III and 5 (13.9%) as stage I. Total 17 (47.2%) patients underwent wide excision, 13 (36.1%) patients underwent limited excision, 4 (11.1%) patients underwent compartmental excision and 2 (5.6%) patients underwent palliative excision. Recurrence was observed in 8 patients for which palliative 2 (5.6%), limited 3 (8.3%) or potentially curative resection 3 (8.3%) was performed.
Conclusion: Thigh was the commonest site of involvement in extremity sarcomas. Retroperitoneal sarcomas were most frequent among trunk tumours. Leiomyosarcoma was the most common histopathological diagnosis followed by malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours. Most of the patients presented with stage II disease. Resectional surgery, whether curative or palliative, was found to be the management modality of choice. Rhabdomyosarcoma most frequently recurred within 6 months of potentially curative surgery (R1), most likely due to compromised initial resection.