bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial of Proportional Assist Ventilation for Minimizing the Duration of Mechanical Ventilation: The PROMIZING Study
Authors: Bosma Karen J , Martin Claudio , Burns Karen E. A , Mancebo Jordi , Montero Juan Carlos Suárez , Skrobik Yoanna , Thorpe Kevin E. , Brochard Laurent , Amaral Andre Carlos Kajdacsy-Balla , Arabi Yaseen , Basmaji John , Beduneau Gaëtan , Beloncle Francois , Carteaux Guillaume , Charbonney Emmanuel , Demoule Alexandre , Dres Martin , Fanelli Vito , Geagea Anna , Goligher Ewan , Lellouche François , Maraffi Tommaso , Mercat Alain , Rodriguez Pablo , Shahin Jason , Sibley Stephanie , Spadaro Savino , Vaporidi Katerina , Wilcox Elizabeth M 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Proportional assist ventilation with load-adjustable gain factors (PAV+) is a mechanical ventilation mode that delivers assistance to breathe in proportion to the patient's effort. The proportional assistance, called the gain, can be adjusted by the clinician to maintain the patient's respiratory effort or workload within a normal range. Short-term and physiological benefits of this mode compared to pressure support ventilation (PSV) include better patient-ventilator synchrony and a more physiological response to changes in ventilatory demand.
Methods: The objective of this multi-centre randomized controlled trial (RCT) is to determine if, for patients with acute respiratory failure, ventilation with PAV+ will result in a shorter time to successful extubation than with PSV. This multi-centre open-label clinical trial plans to involve approximately 20 sites in several continents. Once eligibility is determined, patients must tolerate a short-term PSV trial and either (1) not meet general weaning criteria or (2) fail a 2 minute- Zero Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) Trial using the rapid shallow breathing index, or (3) fail a spontaneous breathing trial (SBT), in this sequence. Then, participants in this study will be randomized to either PSV or PAV+ in a 1:1 ratio. PAV+ will be set according to a target of muscular pressure. The weaning process will be identical in the two arms. Time to liberation will be the primary outcome; ventilator-free days and other outcomes will be measured.
Discussion: Meta-analyses comparing PAV+ to PSV suggest PAV+ may benefit patients and decrease healthcare costs but no powered study to date has targeted the difficult to wean patient population most likely to benefit from the intervention, or used consistent timing for the implementation of PAV+. Our enrolment strategy, primary outcome measure and liberation approaches may be useful for studying mechanical ventilation and weaning and can offer important results for patients.
Development of gas standard reference material containing thirty volatile organic compounds at 1μmol/mol in nitrogen
Authors: Du Jian , Yang Jing , Tian Wen , Li Ning 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A gas certified reference materials containing 30 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including alkane, alkene and aromatic hydrocarbons in nitrogen at 1 µmol/mol level were developed using gravimetric method with four-step dilution and home-made liquid gasifying and filling apparatus. All components were analyzed using gas chromatograph with hydrogen flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and the repeatability of the analytical method was between 0.2-1.0%. Three types of cylinders were involved to test the adsorption/desorption/reaction of components on the inner wall and domestic treated cylinder were chosen for preparation. The results of within-homogeneity demonstrated that all the components remain stable above 2MPa. Furthermore, no significant change of the concentration was tested at least 16 months. Meanwhile, low temperature freezing test showed that extreme low temperature in transportation had no effect on the concentration of the gas standard material. Finally, the relative expended uncertainty (k = 2) of 30 components were evaluated using gravimetric method which were calculated as 2.2%~4.3% .
Impacts of financial development on the energy consumption in China from the perspective of poverty alleviation efficiency
Authors: Xu Jing , Weng Jinzhi , Yuan Rong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Poverty alleviation and energy saving are two major issues of sustainable development targets. Meanwhile, financial development (FD) is a powerful engine of economic growth, which is regard as a valid approach to contain the demand for energy consumption (EC). However, few studies link the three factors and explore the specific impact mechanism of poverty alleviation efficiency (PE) on the tie between FD and EC. Thus, we employ the mediation and threshold models to evaluate the influence of FD on the EC in China during 2010–2019 from the perspective of PE. We affirm that FD indirectly promotes EC through the channel of PE. The mediating effect of PE is responsible for 15.75% of the total effect of FD on the EC. Moreover, FD generates a significant threshold impact on the EC considering the change of PE. When the PE exceeds 0.524, the role of FD in promoting EC is strengthened. Ultimately, the outcome suggests policymakers need to prominent the trade-off between energy saving and poverty reduction during the fast evolution of financial system.
Are high-energy photoemission final states free-electron-like?
Authors: Strocov Vladimir , Lev Leonid , Alarab Fatima , Constantinou Procopios , Schmitt Thorsten , Stock Taylor , Nicolaï Laurent , Ocenasek Jan , Minar Jan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) electronic band structure is fundamental for understanding a vast diversity of physical phenomena in solid-state systems, including topological phases, interlayer interactions in van der Waals materials, dimensionality-driven phase transitions, etc. Interpretation of ARPES data in terms of 3D electron dispersions is commonly based on the free-electron approximation for the photoemission final states. Our soft-X-ray ARPES data on Ag metal reveals, however, that even at high excitation energies the final states can be a way more complex, incorporating several Bloch waves with different out-of-plane momenta. Such multiband final states manifest themselves as a complex structure and excessive broadening of the spectral peaks from 3D electron states. We analyse the origins of this phenomenon, and trace it to other materials such as Si and GaN. Our findings are essential for accurate determination of the 3D band structure over a wide range of materials and excitation energies in the ARPES experiment.
Tourism development potential and obstacle factors of traditional music in Xiangxi
Authors: Zhang Xian-yong , Xiang Hui , Wang Hua , Lu Chun-yang , Wang Ya-li , Liu Rui , Peng Bao-fa 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Traditional Music (TM) is an aluable cultural resource, and research on the tourism development of which is of great significance. However, few studies have explored the tourism development potential and obstacle factors of TM. Therefore, Xiangxi, a minority area with rich TMs was selected as the research site. An evaluation index system was built, and multi factor comprehensive index method and obstacle model were used. The main conclusions were as follows: 1) The average potential of RE (resource endowment), TID (tourism industry development) and SEC (socio-economic conditions) were 0.28, 0.36 and 0.24, respectively. RE was higher in the west and lower in the east, TID was higher in the north and south and lower in the centre, while SEC was higher in the south and lower in the north; 2) The comprehensive potential was 0.29, and it was higher in the northwest and southwest and lower in other regions; 3) SEC was the main obstacle factor, and the administrative units in Xiangxi were divided into the following types: SEC obstacle, RE-TID obstacle, RE-SEC obstacle, and TID-SEC obstacle. The most urgent goal in Xiangxi was to develop economy and make full use of modern technologies to promote passenger flow. For regions with insufficient TM (eastern areas of Xiangxi), tourism development of TM should be restricted, and could turn to other resources with more obvious advantages.
WITHDRAWN: Liquids in Motion: An Investigation Into Newton's Model for Viscosity
Authors: Cook Colin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Newton’s model of viscosity in liquids employs a fixed plate and a parallel moving plate separated by a gap. The moving plate takes a conceptual liquid layer along with it and the stationary plate holds a similar liquid layer in place. This creates shear between the layers, and the differences in speeds between layers was assumed to be an arithmetic progression to zero. Experimental results and logic indicate: no zero velocity in such a system, relative speeds are actually in geometric progression, and that therefore Newton’s model is incorrect.
Dimensional analyses of a rotating cylinder and a moving plate in viscous liquids both give the dimensions of viscosity as M/(L2.T), whereas the currently accepted unit of viscosity, the poise, has dimensions M/(L.T). Therefore, the poise has been incorrectly assigned to viscosity, and existing formulas lack predictive power.
A Nomogram for the Prediction of Causative Patent Foramen Ovale in Cryptogenic Stroke
Authors: Zhang Han , Wang Shanshan , Li Shanshan , Bai Hui , Zhou Jinling , Li Lin , Wang Feng , Xu Lei , Wang Yueheng 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to determine whether left atrial (LA) enlargement was an independent risk factor for the patent foramen ovale (PFO)-attributable cryptogenic stroke (CS) and develop a nomogram to identify causative PFO. From September 2020 to September 2021, 64 patients with PFO-attributable CS and 128 age, sex, and hypertension status-matched non-stroke and non-migraine PFO patients were enrolled into the derivation cohort. The validation dataset consisted of 111 patients between October 2021 and May 2022 from the same institution. Significant characteristics of PFOs and cardiac functions in the multivariable conditional logistic regression were incorporated to develop a nomogram for recognizing high-risk PFO. PFO-attributable CS was independently correlated with LA diameter index (LADI)＞23mm/m2. The nomogram for predicting causative PFO included large right-to-left shunt, small-angle PFO and LADI＞23mm/m2. The derivation and validation groups had C-indices of 0.861 (95% CI: 0.803 – 0.919) and 0.766 (95% CI: 0.670 – 0.861), respectively. There was good consistency between the prediction and actual observation on the calibration curve. The decision curve analysis showed that the nomogram was clinically useful. PFO-attributable CS was independently correlated with LADI. The nomogram for predicting causative PFO was developed and will be useful in selecting suitable patients for PFO closure.
The severity of menopause and associated factors among middle aged women residing in Arba Minch, DHSS, Ethiopia, 2022
Authors: Misiker Begosew , kashala kefita , Misker Direslgne 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background

Menopausal symptoms are physiological symptoms that can be caused by a decrease in sex hormone levels particularly estrogen in the blood. It is among the major public health problems of middle-aged women. Particularly severe forms of menopausal symptoms are bothersome for middle-aged women. However little is known about the severity status and associated factors of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women in the study area.

Objective

The main aim of the study was to assess the severity of menopausal symptoms and associated factors among middle-aged women residing in Arba Minch DHSS.

Methods and materials:

Community-based crossectional study was employed. A single population proportion formula was used to determine the sample size. A total of 423 study participants were recruited to conduct the study. A simple random sampling technique was used to employ study participants. Proportional sample size allocation formula was used to allocate study participants in each Kebele of Arba Minch DHSS (demographic and health surveillance site). A menopausal rating scale was used to assess the severity status of Menopausal status. The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS version 20. A descriptive analysis was made to describe the Sociodemographic characteristics of the study participants. Moreover, bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were calculated to identify the factors associated with the severity of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women. On bivariate logistic regression variables with p value < 0.25 were eligible for multivariate logistic regression. Variables with a p-value of less than 0.05 are considered statistically significant.

Result

The present study revealed that the prevalence of menopausal symptoms was 88.1%. According to the Menopausal rating scale, 91.2% of the study participants were Asymptomatic, 6.6% of them were mild in severity, 1.2% of them were moderate and the remaining one individual was a severe menopausal symptom. The most severe menopausal symptom was the sexual problem. The factors that have a significant association with the severity of menopausal symptoms were Age with AOR [0.22(0.59–0.87)] and history of chronic disease with AOR [2.334(1.4–24.1)].
Conclusion and recommendation: Generally the prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women was high. Asymptomatic and mild forms are the dominant severity forms of menopausal symptoms. Age and history of chronic diseases have a significant association with the severity of menopause. The government, researchers, and stakeholders are recommended to be concerned about this neglected issue.
Complete mitochondrial genome of sea slug Phyllidiella sp.(Phyllidiidae, Phyllidiella) from the South China sea and its phylogenetic implications
Authors: Liu Hui , Shen Pingping , Lin Qiang , Zhang Huixian 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The complete mitochondrial genome and phylogenetic relationship of the newly recorded species of sea slug from the South China sea has not been reported. The taxonomic status of sea slug is not clear.
Methods and results
The whole mitochondrial genome of a newly recorded species of sea slug from the South China sea (Phyllidiella sp) was determined by Illumina Hiseq4000 sequencing and denovo assembly. The mitochondrial genome of Phyllidiella sp was 14,677 bp in length, including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 rRNAs, and 22 tRNAs. In the mitochondrial DNA of Phyllidiella sp the base composition of mitogenome is 30.37% for A, 37.30% for T, 15% for C, and 17.33% for G, and the content of AT was 67.67%. Beside the two kinds of tRNA-Ser, the secondary structure of all tRNAs had a typical cloverleaf structure. In comparison with Phyllidiella pustulosa and Phyllidia ocellata from the same family, the mitochondrial genes of Phyllidiella sp. was not rearranged. The phylogenetic results showed that Phyllidiella sp. and Phyllidiella pustulosa from the same genus clustered into one cluster. Moreover, the genus Phyllidiella clade was sister relationship to the Phyllidia clade.
Conclusions
Our findings demonstrate that Phyllidiella sp. belongs to the family Phyllidiidae, due to the morphological identification. This study provides molecular information for the phylogenetic analysis of the taxonomic status of sea slugs.
Anca-Associated Vasculitis in a Hiv-Infected Patient: A Case Based-Review
Authors: Vornicu Alexandra , Obrișcă Bogdan , Sorohan Bogdan , Berechet Andreea , Ismail Gener 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: The occurrence of autoantibodies in HIV-infected patients has been previously reported with a prevalence ranging from 20 to 83%. There are also few reports of clinically-relevant autoantibodies profiles in HIV-positive patients that lead to true systemic autoimmune disease; these possible life-threatening diseases have to be considered and treated accordingly.
Case presentation: Here, we present the case of a 29-year-old female patient with a history of well-controlled HIV infection in the last 6 years, admitted in our department for the evaluation of an acute kidney injury and a nephrotic syndrome with active urinary sediment. A diagnosis of systemic ANCA-associated vasculitis with renal and pulmonary involvement was established. The patient was treated with cyclophosphamide, rituximab and tapering glucocorticoids with resolution of the diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, but the evolution of kidney function was unfavourable, that led to the need to initiate haemodialysis. We highlight the importance of establishing the correct diagnosis, treating accordingly the disease and also the possible clinical issues that can appear in a patient with HIV infection during the immunosuppressant treatment as induction treatment. Also, we performed a thorough literature review of ANCA positivity in HIV-infected patients in order to properly understand the current evidence.
Conclusions: Although it is not clear whether HIV infection and ANCA-associated vasculitis are causally or coincidentally related, the possible systemic autoimmune phenomena should be acknowledged by physicians in order to establish the correct diagnosis and treat accordingly the disease by keeping a balance between the risks and benefits of immunosuppression in this category of patients, with the treatment decisions being taken in a multidisciplinary team in centre’s with experience in ANCA-associated vasculitis.
Epigenetics and stroke: role of DNA methylation and effect of aging on blood-brain barrier recovery
Authors: Phillips Chelsea , Stamatovic Svetlana , Keep Richard , Andjelkovic Anuska 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Incomplete recovery of blood-brain barrier (BBB) function contributes to stroke outcomes. How the BBB recovers after stroke remains largely unknown. Emerging evidence suggests that epigenetic factors play a significant role in regulating post-stroke BBB recovery. This study aimed to evaluate the epigenetic and transcriptional profile of cerebral microvessels after thromboembolic (TE) stroke to define potential causes of limited BBB recovery. RNA-sequencing and reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) analyses were performed using microvessels isolated from young (6 months) and old (18 months) mice seven days poststroke compared to age-matched sham controls. DNA methylation profiling of poststroke brain microvessels revealed 11287 differentially methylated regions (DMR) in old and 9818 DMR in young mice, corresponding to annotated genes. These DMR were enriched in genes encoding cell structural proteins (e.g., cell junction, and cell polarity, actin cytoskeleton, extracellular matrix), transporters and channels (e.g., potassium transmembrane transporter, organic anion and inorganic cation transporters, calcium ion transport), and proteins involved in endothelial cell processes (e.g., angiogenesis/vasculogenesis, cell signaling and transcription regulation). Integrated analysis of methylation and RNA sequencing identified changes in cell junctions (occludin), actin remodeling (ezrin) as well as signaling pathways like Rho GTPase (RhoA and Cdc42ep4). Aging as a hub of aberrant methylation affected BBB recovery processes by profound alterations (hypermethylation and repression) in structural protein expression (e.g., claudin-5) as well as activation of a set of genes involved in endothelial to mesenchymal transformation (e.g., Sox17, Snail1), repression of angiogenesis and epigenetic regulation. These findings revealed that DNA methylation plays an important role in regulating BBB repair after stroke, through regulating processes associated with BBB restoration and prevalently with processes enhancing BBB injury.
In vitro Anticancer potential of Laminarin and Fucoidan from Brown seaweeds
Authors: Sanniyasi Elumalai , G Rajesh Kanna , Damotharan Rajesh , A Arthi , S Madhumitha , S Nandhini , A Monisha 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Marine seaweeds are cultivated and consumed in China, Japan, Korea, and South Asian countries. Brown seaweeds are rich sources of polysaccharides such as Laminarin and Fucoidan. In the present study, both the laminarin and fucoidan were isolated and the obtained yield was higher in PP (4.36%) and STM (2.32%) respectively. Carbohydrate content in laminarin and fucoidan was 86.91% and 87.36%, whereas sulphate content in fucoidan was 20.68%. Glucose and mannose were the major monosaccharide units in laminarin, similarly, fucose, galactose, and xylose in fucoidan (STM). FT-IR down peaks represent the carbohydrate of laminarin and fucoidan except, 1219 cm-1, and 843 cm-1, illustrating the sulphate groups of fucoidan. The molecular weight of laminarin and fucoidan was 3 to 5 kDa, and 2 to 6 kDa respectively. Both polysaccharides showed no cytotoxicity on Vero normal cells, whereas, they were cytotoxic to the human colon (HT-29), and liver cancer cells (Hep G2) with IC50 values of 57 ± 1.2 µg/mL and 24.4 ± 1.5 µg/mL. AO/EB assay significantly resulted in apoptosis and necrosis upon laminarin and fucoidan treatment. DNA fragmentation results support necrotic cancer cell death. Therefore, laminarin and fucoidan from PP and STM were potential bioactive compounds for cancer therapy.
Sustainable development and a performance assessment of Alkyl Polyglucoside as a substitute for Nonylphenol Ethoxylates in detergents.
Authors: Bernal-Jácome Luis Armando , Izar-Landeta Juan Manuel , Flores-Ramirez Rogelio , Farreras Jordi Morató i , Vargas-Berrones Karla Ximena 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWater quality is paramount for human and all living organism’s development. The chemical industry, accelerated industrialization and economic development have led to higher consumption of natural resources and environmental pollution. Detergents are a highly produced pollutant with environmental problems like foam generation and toxic effects in biota. Nonylphenol ethoxylate (NPE) is an efficient, economic, and versatile surfactant, used in detergents due to its detergency capacity. However, in environmental conditions, NPE biodegrades transforming into the metabolite nonylphenol (NP) classified as an endocrine disruptor. Regulations in developed countries, like United States and the European Union, have prohibited or limited NPE use due to the related adverse effects. However, in developing countries there are no regulations in this regard; therefore, the substitution of NPE as a surfactant in detergents is recommended. Alkyl polyglucoside (APG) are sugar-based surfactants that were assessed as a substitute. The feasibility of this substitution was demonstrated according to physical and chemical properties, cleaning performance, and antimicrobial properties. NPE substitution in detergents is proposed as a strategy to minimize exposure risks in humans and the environment.