bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dreiwortadressen als neues Lokalisierungssystem im Rettungsdienst
Authors: Vogler Martin , Priesmeier Peter , Kimmel Rainer , Lazarovici Marc , Dax Florian 
Published: September 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Bei Notrufen liegen integrierten Leitstellen (ILS) durch Systeme wie E‑Call oder Advanced Mobile Location (AML) häufig die Geokoordinaten des Anrufers vor. Diese können jedoch ohne Datenschnittstelle schwer an die Rettungskräfte kommuniziert werden. Die Software what3words (w3w) verkürzt Geokoordinaten zu sogenannten Dreiwortadressen, die an Einsatzkräfte problemlos weitergegeben werden können. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Studie wird untersucht, für welche Arten von Einsatzstellen das System genutzt und wie häufig es angewandt wird.

Methode
Als Datenbasis dienten 201 Einsätze eines siebenmonatigen Pilotprojekts des Rettungsdiensts im Rettungsdienstbereich der ILS-Region Ingolstadt. Die zugehörigen Dreiwortadressen wurden retrospektiv mit digitalem Kartenmaterial manuell gesichtet und nach ihrer räumlichen Lage klassifiziert. Anschließend erfolgte eine quantitative Auswertung dieser Klassifizierung und der Anwendungshäufigkeit des Systems.

Ergebnisse
Die Auswertung zeigt, dass w3w nahezu zu gleichen Teilen innerhalb und außerhalb geschlossener Ortschaften verwendet wurde. Die Anwendungsfälle wurden in 18 Klassen bzw. Unterklassen unterteilt. Innerorts fand das System besonders häufig auf Straßen, Sportanlagen oder in Parks, außerorts meist bei Einsätzen auf Landstraßen oder Wirtschaftswegen Anwendung. Es kam im Mittel zu 0,97 Verwendungen pro Tag, dies entspricht 0,48 % aller Einsätze des Rettungsdiensts im Untersuchungszeitraum.

Schlussfolgerung
Die regelmäßige Anwendung von w3w zeigt nach Ansicht der Autoren den Nutzen von leicht zu kommunizierenden Geokoordinatensystemen insbesondere für Einsatzstellen, die außerhalb postalischer Adressen liegen. Eine Implementierung kann eine hilfreiche Ergänzung im Werkzeugkasten von ILS und Einsatzkräften darstellen.
Effect of Pressure and Turbulence Intensity on the Heat Flux During Flame Wall Interaction (FWI)
Authors: Padhiary Abhijit , Pilla Guillaume , Sotton Julien , Bellenoue Marc 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCombustion applications such as internal combustion engines are a major source of power generation. Renewable alternative fuels like hydrogen and ammonia promise the potential of combustion in future power applications. Most power applications encounter flame wall interaction (FWI) during which high heat losses occur. Investigating heat loss during FWI has the potential to identify parameters that could lead to decreasing heat losses and possibly increasing the efficiency of combustion applications. In this work, a study of FWI (CH4-air mixture) in a constant volume chamber, with a head-on quenching configuration, at high pressure in both laminar and turbulent conditions is presented. High-speed surface temperature measurement using thin junction thermocouples coupled with high-speed flow field characterization using particle image velocimetry (PIV) are used simultaneously to investigate the effect of pressure during FWI (Pint) and turbulence intensity (q) on the heat flux peak (QP). In laminar combustion regimes, it is found that QP is proportional to Pint0.35. The increase in q is shown to affect both Pint and QP. Finally, comparing QP versus Pint for both laminar and turbulent combustion regimes, it is found that an increase in q leads to an increase in QP (b = 0.76).
A Solver for Multiobjective Mixed-Integer Convex and Nonconvex Optimization
Authors: Eichfelder Gabriele , Stein Oliver , Warnow Leo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a general framework for solving multiobjective nonconvex optimization problems, i.e., optimization problems in which multiple objective functions have to be optimized simultaneously. Thereby, the nonconvexity might come from the objective or constraint functions, or from integrality conditions for some of the variables. In particular, multiobjective mixed-integer convex and nonconvex optimization problems are covered and form the motivation of our studies. The presented algorithm is based on a branch-and-bound method in the pre-image space, a technique which was already successfully applied for continuous nonconvex multiobjective optimization. However, extending this method to the mixed-integer setting is not straightforward, in particular with regard to convergence results. More precisely, new branching rules and lower bounding procedures are needed to obtain an algorithm that is practically applicable and convergent for multiobjective mixed-integer optimization problems. Corresponding results are a main contribution of this paper. What is more, for improving the performance of this new branch-and-bound method we enhance it with two types of cuts in the image space which are based on ideas from multiobjective mixed-integer convex optimization. Those combine continuous convex relaxations with adaptive cuts for the convex hull of the mixed-integer image set, derived from supporting hyperplanes to the relaxed sets. Based on the above ingredients, the paper provides a new multiobjective mixed-integer solver for convex problems with a stopping criterion purely in the image space. What is more, for the first time a solver for multiobjective mixed-integer nonconvex optimization is presented. We provide the results of numerical tests for the new algorithm. Where possible, we compare it with existing procedures.
Land-use pattern and landscape structure impact butterfly diversity and abundance in organic agroecosystems
Authors: Guderjan Laura , Habel Jan Christian , Schröder Boris , Schmitt Thomas 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Context
Agricultural intensification and land-use patterns impact biodiversity and reduce ecosystem functions. Organic farming is often seen as a more biodiversity friendly way of farming. However, not all organic farming is equally supportive for biodiversity, structural diversity of the farms has a great impact and the often high intertwinement of organic and conventional farmland causes spill-over problems.

Objective
On organic farmland in central Italy, we analysed butterfly diversity and community structures in different land-use categories across a heterogeneous landscape. We aim to analyse the impact of the different land-use structures such as hedges and forest edges on this farmland, as well as the influence of adjoining conventionally farmed areas.

Methods
We studied butterflies on organic farmland including olive and hazelnut plantations, as well as meadows and fallow land, surrounded by hedges and forests. Hereby we considered the effects of land-use on the studied site and the adjoining land, e.g., semi-natural habitats (as hedges or forest edges), organic or conventional farmland. We counted butterflies along line transects and recorded habitat parameters for each transect. All encountered butterflies were classified according their ecological demands, behaviour, and life-history.

Results
We found highest mean butterfly species richness in fallow land and lowest in hazelnut plantations. Species community structures differed hardly between plantations and meadows, but considerably compared to fallow land. Butterfly abundances are reduced for olive plantations adjacent to agricultural fields treated with pesticides, compared to such surrounded by organic fields. Habitat para-meters such as the number of flowering plant species and shade impact butterfly diversity and abundance. Forest edges producing considerable shadow to the transects had a significantly negative effect on diversity and abundance, while the influence of hedges was positive.

Conclusions
Based on our findings, we conclude that also organic farmland has different degrees of biodiversity depending on a variety of land-use pattern. In particular, habitat heterogeneity and a high diversity of flowers positively influence butterfly diversity. The intensive mixing of organic and conventional agriculture must be seen critical for conservation as negative effects might spill over to organic fields, but might be compensable by landscape structures like hedges.
Cerebrospinal fluid exosomal protein alterations via proteomic analysis of NSCLC with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis
Authors: Hou Lan , Chen Xin , Qiu Gang , Qi Xuejiao , Zou Yueli , He Junying , Bu Hui 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LC) is a rare complication of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with highly mortality. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as a special kind of tumor microenvironment (TME) better represents alterations than plasma. However, the clinical value of protein profiles of exosome in CSF as liquid biopsy remains unclear.

Methods
In this study, CSF samples of NSCLC patients with (LC group) or without (NSCLC group) LC were collected and compared to patients without tumors (normal group). CSF exosomes were isolated by ultracentrifugation and protein profiles were performed by label-free proteomics. Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were detected by bioinformatics tools and verified by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM).

Results
A total of 814 proteins were detected. Bioinformatics analysis revealed their shared function in the complement activation, extracellular region, and complement and coagulation cascades. Between LC and NSCLC group, 72 DEPs were found among which FN1 demonstrated the highest betweenness centrality (BC) after protein-protein interaction network analysis.

Conclusion
We investigated the application of label free and PRM based proteomics to detect key proteins related to LC. FN1 may serve as potential indicator to classify LC and NSCLC. Extracellular matrix (ECM) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) are important in the process of LC. These data is promising for early prediction and diagnosis of LC.
Examining the Link Between Implementation Fidelity, Quality, and Effectiveness of Teacher-Delivered Anti-Bullying Interventions in a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Tolmatcheff Chloé , Veenstra René , Roskam Isabelle , Galand Benoit 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study examined the relation between both implementation fidelity and quality and the outcomes of two different anti-bullying interventions targeting distinct processes involved in bullying: moral disengagement and social norms. In total, 34 French-speaking Belgian teachers from six elementary schools were trained to deliver either the moral disengagement or the social norms intervention to their Grade 4–6 students (N = 747, 50.4% boys) in a randomized controlled trial. Students reported their moral disengagement, perceived injunctive class norm toward bullying, and bullying behaviors in the fall and spring of the 2018–2019 school year. Teachers’ implementation fidelity and quality were assessed through direct observation in each class by two independent raters with a satisfying interrater reliability. A multiplicative moderated mediation model using latent change scores revealed that both greater fidelity and quality amplified students’ decrease in moral disengagement, which was accompanied by a decrease in bullying. Importantly, when quality was sufficient, fidelity did not matter. However, higher fidelity could compensate for a lack of quality. Contrary to expectations, there was no significant change in students’ perceptions of the class injunctive norm, even under ideal implementation conditions. Alternative mediators should thus be considered. Because implementation by teachers inevitably fluctuates, anti-bullying program components should be evaluated under various implementation conditions to determine their cost-effectiveness ratio and to gain insights into how anti-bullying programs work.
The perils of regulation and the theory of interventionism – an application to the Berlin rent freeze
Authors: Molden Max 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper studies the Berlin rent freeze introduced in 2020 and repealed in 2021. While the so-called Berliner Mietendeckel did lower rents in the regulated segment as intended, it was accompanied by several undesirable consequences, inter alia, less housing offered on the market. I take a dynamic, market process-based approach – relying on Kirzner’s ‘perils of regulation’, and the theory of interventionism – in order to produce a comprehensive overview of the costs of the rent freeze which shall help inform a balanced judgment of the policy measure. Most significantly, the rent freeze impacted the discovery process: it stifled the systemic capacity to discover profit opportunities, and it created superfluous profit opportunities. While the types of these and similar costs can be described, the costs themselves are unknowable. Still, a comprehensive evaluation demands taking these costs into account. I conclude that the Berlin experience shows two things: Firstly, the aptness of a dynamic, market process-based approach to understand such phenomena, including explaining the rent freeze as part of a dynamic interventionist process. And second the superiority of the market process, the power of free entry, and the severity of knowledge problems for policy-makers.
Students’ Perceptions of a “Feminised” Physics Curriculum
Authors: Abraham Jessy , Barker Katrina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn recent decades, several countries have made efforts to close the historic gender gap in physics through curricular reforms. Research indicates that while the acute underrepresentation of females in physics courses and related careers is linked to a number of interlaced social, contextual and motivational factors, the personal relevance of physics curricula is important. Some researchers argue that physics has been historically perceived as a “masculine” domain which operates through contexts that are unfamiliar to females. Introduction of a “girl-friendly” physics curriculum is one of the prominent measures employed to mitigate this concern, with researchers arguing that a context-based/humanistic physics curriculum will improve gender inclusivity and thereby increase females’ motivation to learn physics. However, this approach has been criticised as a “feminisation” of the physics curriculum. This paper uses a mixed-methods approach underpinned by expectancy-value theory, to analyse 247 students’ perceptions of an Australian senior secondary physics curriculum and investigates the claim that including “female-friendly” topics will make physics more appealing to females. Findings suggest that while most students found their physics curriculum interesting and personally relevant, neither females nor males found the “feminine” topics particularly appealing. Both male and female students also found there was a lack of mathematical applications, and they identified descriptive topics, such as those addressing social and historical contexts, as uninteresting and irrelevant in a physics curriculum. This paper concludes that gender was non-significant in student perceptions of a senior secondary physics curriculum.
A Note on the Hausdorff Distance Between Norm Balls and Their Linear Maps
Authors: Haddad Shadi , Halder Abhishek 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe consider the problem of computing the (two-sided) Hausdorff distance between the unit $\ell _{p_{1}}$

ℓ

p
1

and $\ell _{p_{2}}$

ℓ

p
2

norm balls in finite dimensional Euclidean space for $1 \leq p_{1} < p_{2} \leq \infty $
1
≤

p
1

<

p
2

≤
∞
, and derive a closed-form formula for the same. We also derive a closed-form formula for the Hausdorff distance between the $k_{1}$

k
1

and $k_{2}$

k
2

unit $D$
D
-norm balls, which are certain polyhedral norm balls in $d$
d
dimensions for $1 \leq k_{1} < k_{2} \leq d$
1
≤

k
1

<

k
2

≤
d
. When two different $\ell _{p}$

ℓ
p

norm balls are transformed via a common linear map, we obtain several estimates for the Hausdorff distance between the resulting convex sets. These estimates upper bound the Hausdorff distance or its expectation, depending on whether the linear map is arbitrary or random. We then generalize the developments for the Hausdorff distance between two set-valued integrals obtained by applying a parametric family of linear maps to different $\ell _{p}$

ℓ
p

unit norm balls, and then taking the Minkowski sums of the resulting sets in a limiting sense. To illustrate an application, we show that the problem of computing the Hausdorff distance between the reach sets of a linear dynamical system with different unit norm ball-valued input uncertainties, reduces to this set-valued integral setting.
Situated authenticity in episodic memory
Authors: Dings Roy , McCarroll Christopher J. , Newen Albert 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA recalled memory is deemed authentic when it accurately represents how one experienced the original event. However, given the convincing research in cognitive science on the constructive nature of memory, this inevitably leads to the question of the ‘bounds of authenticity’. That is, how similar does a memory have to be to the original experience to still count as authentic? In this paper we propose a novel account of ‘Situated Authenticity’ which highlights that the norms of authenticity are context-dependent. In particular, we show that each of the three core functions of episodic memory (self, social and directive) is correlated with patterned changes in levels of conceptualization (e.g., concrete construal versus abstract construal of the event). We support this theoretical account with existing empirical data. We conclude the paper by showing how our account of Situated Authenticity supplements ongoing discussions on memory contextualism, and providing an outline of how our account, which is currently elaborated targeting a phenomenological level, may also be elaborated on a processing level using the concept of representational format.
The price of retribution: evidence from the willingness to pay for short-term prison sentences compared to community service orders
Authors: Wermink Hilde , Been Jim , Schuyt Pauline , van Wijck Peter , Blokland Arjan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives
The objective of this study is to estimate the price of retribution.

Methods
Based on administrative data on all sentences in the Netherlands in 2012 and recidivism from 2012 to 2018, we first investigate whether community service orders are more effective in reducing recidivism than short-term imprisonment using an instrumental variable approach. Next, we compute the cost savings that could be obtained by replacing short-term prison sanctions with equivalent community service orders.

Results
We find that short-term prison sanctions lead to an increase in recidivism and an increase in the costs of sanctioning. We find that Dutch society pays about 400 million euros per year for retribution. This is about 21,000 euros per sanctioned offense per year and about 45 euros per taxpayer per year in the Netherlands. This is most likely a lower bound.

Conclusions
Our study reveals the willingness to pay for retribution as implied by judicial choices.
Efficient Search for Superspecial Hyperelliptic Curves of Genus Four with Automorphism Group Containing $${\textbf{C}}_6$$
Authors: Kudo Momonari , Nakagawa Tasuku , Takagi Tsuyoshi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn arithmetic and algebraic geometry, superspecial (s.sp. for short) curves are one of the most important objects to be studied, with applications to cryptography and coding theory. If$$g \ge 4$$g≥4, it is not even known whether there exists such a curve of genusgin general characteristic$$p > 0$$p>0, and in the case of$$g=4$$g=4, several computational approaches to search for those curves have been proposed. In the genus-4 hyperelliptic case, Kudo-Harashita proposed a generic algorithm to enumerate all s.sp. curves, and recently Ohashi-Kudo-Harashita presented an algorithm specific to the case where automorphism group contains the Klein 4-group as a subgroup. In this paper, we propose an algorithm with complexity$${\tilde{O}}(p^4)$$O~(p4)in theory but$${\tilde{O}}(p^3)$$O~(p3)in practice to enumerate s.sp. hyperelliptic curves of genus 4 with automorphism group containing the cyclic group of order 6. By executing the algorithm over Magma, we enumerate those curves forpup to 1000. We also succeeded in finding a s.sp. hyperelliptic curve of genus 4 in everypwith$$p \equiv 2 \pmod {3}$$p≡2(mod3).
The Potential Role of Probiotics in the Management of Osteoarthritis Pain: Current Status and Future Prospects
Authors: Rahman Syed Obaidur , Bariguian Frédérique , Mobasheri Ali 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This narrative review article comprehensively explains the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA) pain perception, how the gut microbiota is correlated with it, possible molecular pathways involved in probiotics-mediated OA pain reduction, limitations in the current research approaches, and future perspectives.

Recent Findings
The initiation and progression of OA, including the development of chronic pain, is intricately associated with activation of the innate immune system and subsequent inflammatory responses. Trauma, lifestyle (e.g., obesity and metabolic disease), and chronic antibiotic treatment can disrupt commensal homeostasis of the human microbiome, thereby affecting intestinal integrity and promoting leakage of bacterial endotoxins and metabolites such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) into circulation. Increased level of LPS is associated with knee osteophyte severity and joint pain. Both preclinical and clinical studies strongly suggest that probiotics may benefit patients with OA pain through positive gut microbiota modulation and attenuating low-grade inflammation via multiple pathways. Patent data also suggests increased interest in the development of new innovations that involve probiotic use for reducing OA and joint pain.

Summary
Recent data suggest that probiotics are attracting more and more attention for OA pain management. The advancement of knowledge in this area may pave the way for developing different probiotic strains that can be used to support joint health, improve treatment outcomes in OA, and reduce the huge impact of the disease on healthcare systems worldwide.