bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved forecasting of extreme hurricane events by integrating spatio-temporal CNN-RF learning of tropical cyclone characteristics
Authors: Martinez-Amaya Javier , Longépé Nicolas , Nieves Veronica , Muñoz-Marí Jordi 
Published: July 2023

Assessing hurricane predictions in a changing climate is one of the most challenging weather forecast problems today. Furthermore, effectively integrating information-rich features that are specific to the growth of hurricanes proves to be a difficult task due to the anticipated nonlinear interactions during the spatio-temporal evolution of the tropical cyclone system. Consequently, the need arises for complex and nonlinear models to address this formidable scenario. In light of this, we introduce a novel framework that combines a Convolutional Neural Network with a Random Forest classification configuration. This innovative approach aims to identify the critical spatial and temporal characteristics associated with the formation of major hurricanes within the hurricane and surrounding regions of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Here, we demonstrate that the inclusion of these unprecedented spatio-temporal features extracted from brightness temperature data, along with the temperature and anatomical cloud properties of the system, results in an average improvement of 12% in the prediction of severe hurricanes, using the previous model version as a benchmark. This enhancement in the prediction accuracy extends up to 3 days in advance, considering both regions collectively. Although these innovative attributes may be relatively more costly to generate, it allows us to gain a more refined understanding of the intricate relationships between different spatial locations and temporal dynamics, leading to more efficient and effective solutions. This hybrid machine learning approach also offers adaptability, enabling the exploration of other suitable hurricane or environmental-related conditions, making it suitable for potential future applications.
Predicting postnatal depressive symptoms in a prospective cohort study in Rwanda: the impact of poor maternal social support
Authors: Umuziga Providence M. , Gishoma Darius , Hynie Michaela , Nyirazinyoye Laetitia , Nsereko Etienne 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundPostnatal depression is a significant public health issue that demands attention, and recent evidence indicates that rates are relatively high in low-income countries such as Rwanda. However, lack of social support is recognized as a potential risk factor for postnatal depressive symptoms. This study sought to explore the influence of poor maternal social support on postnatal depressive symptoms in a sample of women in Rwanda.MethodA prospective cohort research design was conducted with women recruited from four different health centers in Rwanda's Southern Province. A sample of 396 pregnant women accessing antenatal care services was recruited at the baseline from their late second term or later, then followed up after giving birth. The dropout rate was 21.46%; thus, the data of 311 women were analyzed. The outcome variable was the presence of depressive symptoms (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) (≥12 cut-off score), while predictor variables included maternal social support measured using a modified Maternal Social Support Scale (MSSS), perceived health status, socio-demographic information (marital status, wealth class, age, education, occupation), negative life events, gestational and obstetric information (parity, pregnancy intention, age at birth, children given birth, and mode of delivery). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed.ResultsFrom a sample of 311 participants, over a quarter (20.9%) had elevated postnatal depressive symptoms (EPDS ≥ 12 scores). Elevated scores were predicted by poor perceived health status; respondents reporting neither poor nor good (AOR = 0.28, CI = 0.11; 0.72, p = 0.007) or good health (AOR = 0.14, CI = 0.05; 0.37, p = 0.001) were less likely to be affected. Poor maternal social support was also linked with postnatal depressive symptoms; poor partner support (AOR = 4.22; CI = 1.44; 12.34; p = 0.009) was associated with high risk, while good friend support (AOR = 0.47, CI = 0.23; 0.98, p = 0.04) was a significant protector. Additionally, violence or negative life events were also independent predictors of postnatal depressive symptoms (AOR: 2.94, CI: 1.37–6.29, p = 0.005).ConclusionPostnatal depressive symptoms were found to affect one in five Rwandan women. However, good maternal social support can be a strong protector. Early interventions targeting mothers in the postnatal period and strengthened social support networks for women at risk should be developed.
Cuproptosis-related gene expression is associated with immune infiltration and CD47/CD24 expression in glioblastoma, and a risk score based on these genes can predict the survival and prognosis of patients
Authors: Li Erliang , Qiao Huanhuan , Sun Jin , Ma Qiong , Lin Li , He Yixiang , Li Shuang , Mao Xinggang , Zhang Xiaoping , Liao Bo 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most invasive type of glioma, is insensitive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and has high proliferation and invasive ability, with a 5-year survival rate of &lt;5%. Cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) have been successfully used to predict the prognosis of many types of tumors. However, the relationship between cuproptosis and GBM remains unclear.MethodsHere, we sought to identify CRGs in GBM and elucidate their role in the tumor immune microenvironment and prognosis. To that aim, changes in CRGs in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) transcriptional and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets (GEO4290 and GEO15824) were characterized, and the expression patterns of these genes were analyzed.ResultsA risk score based on CRG expression characteristics could predict the survival and prognosis of patients with GBM and was significantly associated with immune infiltration levels and the expression of CD47 and CD24, which are immune checkpoints of the “don't eat me “signal. Furthermore, we found that the CDKN2A gene may predict GBM sensitivity and resistance to drugs.DiscussionOur findings suggest that CRGs play a crucial role in GBM outcomes and provide new insights into CRG-related target drugs/molecules for cancer prevention and treatment.
Training medical students in motivational interviewing using a blended learning approach: a proof-of-concept study
Authors: Erschens Rebecca , Fahse Bettina , Festl-Wietek Teresa , Herrmann-Werner Anne , Keifenheim Katharina E. , Zipfel Stephan , Fallgatter Andreas J. , Velten-Schurian Kerstin 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundDifficulties in implementing behavior change in patients with chronic diseases are common in clinical practice. Motivational interviewing (MI) helps clinicians to support patients in overcoming ambivalence while maintaining self-determination. The inclusion of MI in German medical training curricula is still rare. Furthermore, the effects of systematic teaching of MI, especially via blended learning, have hardly been investigated.MethodsMedical students participated in three curricular events related to MI, consisting of instructional videos and theoretical and practical components in a blended learning format. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of teaching MI in students’ medical education. A controlled, non-randomized study was conducted with an intervention group and a control group. Both groups completed questionnaires on their experience and knowledge related to MI, completed a knowledge test and rated their satisfaction with the course. MI was taught in the 6th semester of medical coursework as part of a psychosomatic course, in the 8th semester during a psychiatry course and in the 9th semester during a weekly psychiatry clerkship.ResultsData from the intervention group (n = 35) and control group (n = 14) were analyzed, with 65.7% of students participating in all three parts of the curriculum. Overall interest in learning MI was high, with M = 2.92 (SD = 1.00). The results indicate a greater increase in knowledge over time in the intervention group. The majority (62.86%) stated that the curriculum was relevant to their future career. Free-form text responses indicated a high level of satisfaction with practical relevance.ConclusionThis study demonstrates the usefulness of an MI curriculum for medical students. The integration of MI into medical curricula is a promising curricular addition to improve doctor-patient communication. Future research should address patient perceptions of MI competencies and the persistence of acquired competencies.
Everybody hurts sometimes: perceptions of benefits and barriers in telemedical consultations
Authors: Rohowsky Anna , Offermann Julia , Ziefle Martina 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionShifts in the age structure, rising needs of care and support, and a lack of (in)formal caregivers require innovative solutions to relieve the whole healthcare system. Applying digital approaches, such as telemedicine, has the potential to support people in need of care, to relieve caregivers in families and professional environments, and to assist medical professionals in their working everyday life: e.g., using telemedicine for acute consultations could contribute to avoid hospitalizations of older people, whereas consultations with the general practitioner could reduce efforts and relive medical personnel. Beyond technical opportunities and potential, the acceptance of future users represents a prerequisite for a sustainable adoption of such innovative approaches, especially in sensitive contexts such as life in older age in nursing homes.MethodsThis study aimed at collecting users' perceptions and evaluations of telemedicine in nursing homes. Two scenarios of telemedical consultations were applied which were either carried out by an emergency physician in acute situations or by the attending general practitioner. In a first approach, advantages and disadvantages of telemedicine were collected with the help of a qualitative interview study (N = 12) with laypersons and medical staff. The identified acceptance-relevant factors were then quantified in a second study using an online questionnaire (N = 204).ResultsOutcomes revealed that both types of telemedicial consultations would be gladly used. However, for telemedical consultations in acute situations, the perceived disadvantages outweighed the advantages; for telemedical consultations with the general practitioner, the advantages outweighed the disadvantages. A prominent barrier in both scenarios was perceived impersonality, which limited the willingness to use. Nevertheless, participants indicated that telemedical consultations can be a support for nursing staff.DiscussionOutcomes may help to derive specific implications and recommendations to develop and realize digital technologies tailored to the requirements, needs, and wishes of diverse stakeholders (i.e., patients, medical professionals) as potential future users.
Effect of intraoperative active exploration of parathyroid glands to reduce the incidence of postoperative hypoparathyroidism, and risk factors of hypoparathyroidism after total thyroidectomy: a single-center study
Authors: Zhou Bin , Cheng Feng , Zhu Xi , Zhu Lei , Li ZhouTing 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundThe risk factors for hypoparathyroidism after thyroid surgery have not been fully identified. This study analyzes the risk factors of hypoparathyroidism before and after total thyroidectomy.MethodsWe retrospectively collected the clinical data of 289 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy at the Thyroid Surgery Center of Lishui Central Hospital from June 2018 to June 2020. For the anatomy and protection of parathyroid glands during the operation, one group of patients used the parathyroid avoidance method, and the other group used the active exploration method. Various risk factors affecting parathyroid dysfunction were studied using logistic regression models.ResultsA total of 289 patients were included in this study. The average age of patients was 47.21 ± 11.78 years, including 57 males (19.7%) and 232 females (80.3%). There were 149 (51.6%) patients with transient hypoparathyroidism and 21 (7.3%) with permanent hypoparathyroidism. The main risk factors of hypoparathyroidism were parathyroid avoidance method (P = 0.005), parathyroid autotransplantation (P = 0.011), bilateral central neck lymph node dissection (CND) (P = 0.001), lymphatic metastasis (P = 0.039), and parathyroid in the specimen (P = 0.029). The main risk factors associated with permanent hypoparathyroidism were bilateral CND (P = 0.038), lymphatic metastasis (P = 0.047), parathyroid hormone (PTH) &lt; 1.2 pg/ml within three days after surgery (P = 0.006).ConclusionHypoparathyroidism is common but mostly transient after bilateral total thyroidectomy. Compared with parathyroid avoidance method, the active exploration method during operation may reduce the incidence of postoperative hypoparathyroidism. PTH &lt;1.2 pg/ml within three days after surgery was predictive in patients with permanent hypoparathyroidism.
Exploring the Use of Indigenous Wild Vegetables by the Basotho People of Southern Africa: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature and Nutritional Analysis of Selected Species
Authors: Tshikororo Rudzani Ralph , Ajao Abdulwakeel Ayokun-nun , Moteetee Annah Ntsamaeeng 
Published: July 2023

Wild indigenous vegetables have recently been receiving attention due to their accessibility and potential to fight malnutrition. The current study investigated the nutritional profile of 10 selected wild indigenous vegetables, namely Asclepias multicaulis, Lepidium africanum, Erucastrum austroafricanum, Solanum nigrum, Sonchus dregeanus, Sonchus integrifolius, Sonchus nanus, Rorippa fluviatilis, Tribulus terrestris, and Urtica lobulata, consumed by the Basotho people of southern Africa. This was done by first compiling a comprehensive literature review to identify the knowledge gaps and further analysing the selected vegetables for mineral contents and proximate compositions using standard analytical procedures of AOAC. The literature survey revealed that 90 wild plants are used as vegetables by the Basotho people, and there are knowledge gaps on the nutritional value of many species. Mineral analyses of the wild vegetables showed that Asclepias multicaulis and Sonchus dregeanus are rich in minerals such as Al, Ca, K, Mg, Na, P, and S and can compete favourably with commercialised vegetables such as lettuce and spinach in terms of mineral components. Also, all the wild vegetables studied have more than 12% recommended caloric protein value except Tribulus terrestris (10.07%) and Lepidium africanum (11.32%). The crude fat content in Asclepias multicaulis, Lepidium africanum, Rorippa fluviatilis, Erucastrum austroafricanum, and Urtica lobulata fall within the range required for healthy living. The concentrations of cadmium, copper, and lead in all the vegetables studied are below the detection level, thus making them non-toxic and safe for consumption.
Lyme Disease General Practice Sentinel Scheme
Authors: Douglas James , Holden Samantha , Hines Frances , Eze Jude , Bradley Clare , Finlayson James , Vyse Andrew , Loew-Baselli Alexandra , Mavin Sally 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundLyme Disease (LD) is a multisystem zoonosis with uncertain epidemiology. It may be increasing in rural hotspots. GP datasets are weakened by coding and definitions. Public and climate concerns have raised awareness of LD.AimImproving diagnostic coding, UK Lyme Disease incidence and distribution. Behavioural risk factors for public health policy.MethodEducation modules for 35 general practices from Orkney to Southampton.Remote installation of software providing decision support, case definitions, pictures, coding, prescribing guidelines. Questionnaire on tick exposure and removal methods. Anonymous data extraction.Data on tick bite body location, age, place of exposure, attachment time, removal methods, leisure pursuits and occupation to guide public health policy.GP data capture and coding from hospital, A&E and OOH (out of hours) records.Erythema Migrans (EM) is a clinical diagnosis without serological testing. Rash photographs establish a data bank of disease expression in age groups, ethnicity, and skin types.ResultsThere were 69 cases reported in the pilot period (September to December 2021), 52% diagnosed EM following a definite tick bite. Tick attachment time showed a majority > 24 hours, with home tweezers, fingernails often used for removal, with both associated with higher disease transmission.Analysis of pilot data suggested a Lyme Disease incidence of 94/100 000 with the inclusion of EM. This compares to a serologically confirmed incidence of 38.2/100 000 in 2019 in Highland Region.ConclusionEarly data suggests that the Lyme Disease General Practice Sentinel Scheme has improved case ascertainment, epidemiology, and risk factor understanding.
Service-learning and community engagement in medical school: do we need to change the way we think about student placements?
Authors: Vaidyanathan Anjali , Khoursheed Layal , Merrifield Sarah 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundService-learning is a form of experiential education that is beginning to be implemented internationally within undergraduate curriculums. It has the potential to significantly enhance clinical practice and students’ learning, while simultaneously addressing community needs. Embedding civic engagement into students’ learning should aim to increase understanding of populations as well as enhance clinical prowess.AimThe aim of this research is to explore the benefit of service-learning for medical students and consider ways in which it can be further incorporated into curriculums.MethodThis systematic review looked at research through PubMed, OVID, Taylor & Francis online journals, and Manchester University’s library sources. The research considered publications dealing with different types of service-learning for medical students.ResultsIn total, 14 key papers were identified. The results demonstrated that service-learning is a way of actively learning, providing a service to the community, and enabling students to learn from people of wider professions. The use of student-led clinics enabled students to develop their interpersonal skills while serving society. There was also evidence that service-learning enhanced skill development, such as empathy, team working, and communication skills.ConclusionStudent placements are often thought of in a clinical setting where students shadow doctors in a less active role. The research shows that over the past 20 years, incorporation of service-learning into medical programmes has been more commonplace and is an effective addition to the curriculum. It combines clear learning objectives with service provision to communities, in order to aid in medical students’ education and the development of necessary clinical skills.
Rancang Bangun Alat Monitoring dan Pembatas Konsumsi Energi Listrik
Authors: Prasetia Vicky 
Published: July 2023

Alat pemantau energi adalah alat yang digunakan untuk memantau arus, tegangan dan daya listrik. Sebagian besar orang belum mengenal teknologi ini dan saat ini tidak ada fitur untuk membatasi penggunaan energi listrik. Pembuatan alat pemantau energi bertujuan untuk mengatasi masalah penggunaan energi yang berlebihan dengan menciptakan perangkat pemantauan serta pengatur batas konsumsi energi listrik. Perangkat ini mampu memantau penggunaan arus, voltase, daya, dan energi, dan pengguna dapat mengatur konsumsi energinya melalui aplikasi seluler. Alat ini menggunakan modul bluetooth yang dapat dikontrol dengan mudah oleh pengguna. Beberapa komponen utama untuk membuat alat ini adalah Arduino Mega 2560, PZEM-004T. Pada hasil pengujian alat pemantau energi diperoleh pembacaan multimeter dan pengukuran PZEM dengan tegangan rata-rata 0,88 V, dengan selisih rata-rata 0,31 A pada pengukuran arus.
What Do Halo CMEs Tell Us about Solar Cycle 25?
Authors: Gopalswamy Nat , Michalek Grzegorz , Yashiro Seiji , Mäkelä Pertti , Akiyama Sachiko , Xie Hong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
It is known that the weak state of the heliosphere due to diminished solar activity in cycle 24 backreacted on coronal mass ejections (CMEs) to make them appear wider for a given speed. One of the consequences of the weak state of the heliosphere is that more CMEs appear as halo CMEs (HCMEs), and halos are formed at shorter heliocentric distances. Current predictions for the strength of solar cycle (SC) 25 range from half to twice the strength of SC 24. We compare the HCME occurrence rate and other properties during the rise phase of cycles 23, 24, and 25 to weigh in on the strength of SC 25. We find that HCME and solar wind properties in SC 25 are intermediate between SCs 23 and 24, but closer to SC 24. The HCME occurrence rate, normalized to the sunspot number, is higher in SCs 24 and 25 than in SC 23. The solar wind total pressure in SC 25 is ∼35% smaller than that in SC 23. Furthermore, the occurrence rates of high-energy solar energetic particle events and intense geomagnetic storms are well below the corresponding values in SC 23, but similar to those in SC 24. We conclude that cycle 25 is likely to be similar to or slightly stronger than cycle 24, in agreement with polar-field precursor methods for cycle 25 prediction.
TP53-MUTATED MYELODYSPLASIA AND ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA
Authors: Testa Ugo , Castelli Germana , Pelosi Elvira 
Published: July 2023

TP53-mutated myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) form a distinct and heterogeneous group of myeloid malignancies associated with poor outcomes. Studies carried out in the last years have in part elucidated the complex role played by TP53 mutations in the pathogenesis of these myeloid disorders and in the mechanisms of drug resistance. A consistent number of studies has shown that some molecular parameters, such as the presence of a single or multiple TP53 mutations, the presence of concomitant TP53 deletions, the association with co-occurring mutations, the clonal size of TP53 mutations, the involvement of a single (monoallelic) or of both TP53 alleles (biallelic) and the cytogenetic architecture of concomitant chromosome abnormalities are major determinants of outcomes of patients. The limited response of these patients to standard treatments, including induction chemotherapy, hypomethylating agents, and venetoclax-based therapies and the discovery of an immune dysregulation have induced a shift to new emerging therapies, some of which being associated with promising efficacy. The main aim of these novel immune and nonimmune strategies consists in improving survival and in increasing the number of TP53-mutated MDS/AML patients in remission amenable to allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
Keywords: myelodysplastic syndromes; acute myeloid leukemias; TP53; molecular abnormalities; gene sequencing; cytogenetic characterization