bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphological process found in Fore language in Papua New Guinea
Authors: Fatkhiyati Nurrahma 
Published: April 2023

This study is aimed at finding out what morphological processes and morphological rules represented in Fore Language in Papua New Guinea. The data were morphophonemic and taken from “Laboratory Manual for Morphology and Syntax” Seventh Edition written by Merrified et.al., and published in 2003 about Fore Language of Papua New Guinea. The data consist of pronoun markers including first singular (1s), second singular (2s), third singular (3s), and first plural (1p). The Item-and-Process was used to analyze the morphophonemic data. The researcher found that to construct the person markers in Fore Language, the underlying form of the words should be substituted, inserted, or deleted after attached to the underlying form of the suffix. The rests of the findings will be discussed further.
Keywords: morphological process; fore language; person marker; morphophonemic; item-and-process
The Tongren-Ophthalmology Research Association of Clinical Evaluation - Uveal Melanoma (TRACE-UM): Objectives, Design, Current Results, and Outlook
Authors: Zhao Hanqing , Luo Jingting , Zhao Xun Feng , Liu Yueming , Li Yang , Wei Wen-Bin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Tumor metastasis is the leading cause of death in uveal melanoma. To date, there is no effective treatment for metastatic uveal melanoma. We present a novel research paradigm, Tongren-Ophthalmology Research Association of Clinical Evaluation - Uveal Melanoma (TRACE-UM), designed to identify new risk factors, biomarkers and molecular mechanisms for uveal melanoma metastasis.
Methods
TRACE-UM utilizes real-world data of patients treated at a Chinese tertiary center. Sources of data include clinical information, tumor tissue and blood samples collected at diagnosis and follow-up visits. Bulk RNA sequencing and single-cell RNA sequencing were performed to explore molecular mechanisms and biomarkers of tumor metastasis. Artificial intelligence computation was employed to build metastasis prediction models using clinical and imaging data. Spatial transcriptome sequencing technology was incorporated to analyze the mechanisms of vascular mimicry.
Results
We recruited consecutive patients diagnosed with uveal melanoma from August 2014 to January 2020. Demographic and clinical data on 1166 patients and pathological data on 203 patients were collected. TRACE-UM has thus far contributed to two areas of research: (1) clinical prediction models were constructed to predict the risk of metastasis after treatment; (2) the molecular mechanism of metastasis was preliminarily elucidated.
Conclusion
TRACE-UM provides a unique clinical database and biobank repository collection initiative. Using this large real-world data set, we explored metastatic mechanisms, biomarkers and validated them through cellular and animal experiments. TRACE-UM has the potential to serve as an infrastructure for future clinical trials.
Reversing Frailty in Older Adults: A Scoping Review
Authors: Fonka Aurélie Tonjock , Lewis Krystina B. , Lalonde Michelle , Backman Chantal 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Individuals 65 years or older are presumably more susceptible to becoming frail, which increases their risk of multiple adverse health outcomes. Reversing frailty has received recent attention; however, little is understood about what it means and how to achieve it.
Thus, the purpose of this scoping review is to summarize and synthesize the evidence regarding the impact of interventions on frail older adults, to determine whether the intervention (s) resulted in frailty reversal.
Methods: We followed Arksey and O’Malley’s five-stage scoping review approach and conducted searches in CINAHL, EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science. We hand-searched the reference list of included studies and conducted a grey literature search. Two independent reviewers completed the title, abstract screenings, and full-text review using the eligibility criteria, and independently extracted approximately 10% of the studies. We critically appraised studies using Joanna Briggs critical appraisal checklist/tool, and we used a descriptive and narrative method to synthesize and analyze data.
Results: Of 7499 articles, thirty met the criteria and three studies were identified in the references of included studies. Seventeen studies (56.7%) framed frailty as a reversible condition, with 11 studies (36.7%) selecting it as their primary outcome. Reversing frailty varied from either frail to pre-frail, frail to non-frail, and severe to mild frailty. We identified different types of single and multi-component interventions each targeting various domains of frailty. The physical domain was most frequently targeted (n=32, 97%). Interventions also varied in their frequencies of delivery, intensities, and durations, and targeted participants from different settings, most commonly from community dwellings (n=23; 69.7%).
Conclusion: Some studies indicated that it is possible to reverse frailty. However, this depended on how the researchers assessed or measured frailty. The current understanding of reverse frailty is a shift from a frail or severely frail state to at least a pre-frail or mildly frail state. To gain further insight into reversing frailty, we recommend a concept analysis. Furthermore, we recommend more primary studies considering the participant’s lived experiences to guide intervention delivery.
Effects of Payment Mechanisms in Community Mental Health Centres in Chile: A Qualitative Analysis.
Authors: Toro-Devia Olga , Alvarado Rubén , Jeria Mercedes , Razzouk Denise , Salvador-Carulla Luis 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
In Chile, as in Latin America, the Mental Health Community Centre (CSMC) is essential to the new community care model. Chile's national mental health plan indicates that the payment mechanisms to the CSMC have been misaligned with the care model by encouraging an individual response to the detriment of an approach to recovery and social integration. Nevertheless, evidence needs to be available describing the effects of the payment mechanisms on CSMCs. The psychiatric deinstitutionalization reforms are subordinated to the financial structure of the health system that could introduce non-aligned incentives, which have yet to be studied. We want to understand better the effects of payment mechanisms on the operation of CSMCs in Chile. This research aims to have a knowledge base to interpret better how payment mechanisms are a potential incentive or disincentive for the community model of mental health.
Methods
Qualitative study using Grounded Theory. Through theoretical sampling, 25 experts were interviewed with informed consent. The inclusion criteria consider the experts representing the payer, provider, and users.
Results
The experts identified seven payment mechanisms for CSMCs in Chile. Its implementation is heterogeneous. Clinical achievements, proximity, coverage, and context of care are described. We identified fifteen adverse effects that contravene the objectives of the community model of mental health. We proposed elements to design payment mechanisms consistent with the community mental health model.
Conclusions
The payment mechanisms can act adversely on several components of the CSMC, contravening the objectives of the community mental health model. It is possible to identify a mix of better-articulated payment mechanisms by listening to the experience of those who pay for, provide, and use these services.
Agrobacterium-mediated genetic Transformation system of somatic embryo in Walnut (Juglans regia L.)
Authors: Zhang Pu , Chang Yingying , Lei Xiashuo , Song Xiaobo , Li Baoxin , Pei Dong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Walnut (Juglans regia L.), also known as English or Persian Walnut, is a critical germplasm resource with significant ecological and economic value. Traditional walnut breeding strategies usually require a long time, and the breeding efficiency is poor. However, biotechnology has the potential to overcome the limitations of conventional breeding and accelerate germplasm improvement. This study established and optimized efficient Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation conditions for walnut. Somatic embryo (SE) of the walnut cultivar 'ZL-6' was induced as the transgenic recipient material. The Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain GV3101 was utilized to introduce plant expression vectors containing YFP and GUS reporters for the somatic embryogenesis transformation. This study systematically evaluated the impact of different factors on the transformation efficiency of somatic embryogenesis (SE), including the duration of preculture for SE, Agrobacterium cell density, and inoculation duration in the transformation system. The orthogonal test showed that the preculture for SE was a critical limiting factor for efficient Agrobacterium-mediated delivery. At the same time, the effects of Agrobacterium cell density and inoculation duration on transformation efficiency were not significant. The optimal Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation conditions for ‘ZL-6’walnut SE was: preculture of SE for about one month to reach the competent state, and Agrobacterium cell density with an OD600 = 0.6 inoculating for 15 min. This Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system for walnut provides a platform for genetic improvement of core germplasm and further verification of gene function.
A Comprehensive and Bias-Free Machine Learning Approach for Risk Prediction of Preeclampsia with Severe Features in a Nulliparous Study Cohort
Authors: Lin Yun , MALLIA Daniel , CLARK-SEVILLA Andrea , CATTO Adam , LESHCHENKO Alisa , YAN Qi , Haas David , WAPNER Ronald , PE'ER Itsik , RAJA Anita , SALLEB-AOUISSI Ansaf 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective
Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity, with consequences during and after pregnancy. Because of its diverse clinical presentation, preeclampsia is an adverse pregnancy outcome that is uniquely challenging to predict and manage. In this paper, we developed machine learning models that predict the onset of preeclampsia with severe features or eclampsia at discrete time points in a nulliparous pregnant study cohort.
Materials and Methods
The prospective study cohort to which we applied machine learning is the Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring Mothers-to-be (nuMoM2b) study, which contains information from eight clinical sites across the US. Maternal serum samples were collected for 1,857 individuals between the first and second trimesters. These patients with serum samples collected are selected as the final cohort.
Results
Our prediction models achieved an AUROC of 0.72 (95% CI, 0.69–0.76), 0.75 (95% CI, 0.71–0.79), and 0.77 (95% CI, 0.74–0.80), respectively, for the three visits. Our initial models were biased toward non-Hispanic black participants with a high predictive equality ratio of 1.31. We corrected this bias and reduced this ratio to 1.14. The top features stress the importance of using several tests, particularly for biomarkers and ultrasound measurements. Placental analytes were strong predictors for screening for the early onset of preeclampsia with severe features in the first two trimesters.
Conclusion
Experiments suggest that it is possible to create racial bias-free early screening models to predict the patients at risk of developing preeclampsia with severe features or eclampsia nulliparous pregnant study cohort.
Cotrimoxazole induced Sweet Syndrome case report -A dermatological emergency
Authors: Varghese Anjaly Mary , Kandra Naga Vishnu , Keelu Raj Kumar , Uppala Praveen Kumar , Uttaravelli Upendrarao , Somarouthu Venkata Saibaba , Balijepalli Murali Krishna 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background : Sweet syndrome is an uncommon immune mediated allergic reaction, presenting with acute pyrexia, leukocytosis and erythematous skin lesions with dense neutrophilic dermal infiltration. SS is seen as adverse reaction to some drugs, microbial infections, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases like inflammatory bowel disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren syndrome, Hashimoto thyroiditis, dermatomyositis and is associated with certain myeloproliferative or haematological neoplasms.
Results: A female, aged 43 years came to the hospital with high fever and erythematous, pus filled plaques and nodules on face, neck, shoulders and extremities, after taking tablet Cotrimoxazole 480mg twice daily for 12 days for urinary tract infection. The diagnosis of Sweet syndrome was arrived upon from the reports of biopsy showing predominant neutrophilic infiltrate and relevant laboratory tests. Treatment included oral prednisone and the symptoms resolved in 2 months.
Conclusion: As the precise aetiology of Sweet's syndrome is still unknown, vigorous efforts must be made to explore the aetiology of Sweet's syndrome for better diagnosis and treatment. Innovative and effective treatment strategies like targeted therapy may be potentially beneficial to such patients.
Corneal astigmatism in different ethnic groups in the Western Cape, South Africa.
Authors: Kleij Jeroen van , Smit Derrick , Bhika Raquel 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectives To determine whether corneal astigmatism magnitude is equivalent amongst individuals of African black, Mixed race and Caucasian descent in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. Methods Observational, retrospective study including 117 African black, 156 Mixed race and 100 Caucasian participants. Corneal astigmatism parameters were obtained using a Pentacam corneal topographer. Ethnicity was self-reported. Data were collected during an earlier prospective study. All the participants had clinically normal eyes. Results Corneal astigmatism magnitude was equivalent among the three groups. The astigmatism magnitude was − 0.7 (0.7) (median (Interquartile range)) in African blacks, -0.8 (0.7) in Mixed race and − 0.7 (0.6) D in Caucasians. No difference was found for J0 (p = 0.24) and J45 (p = 0.99). Astigmatism type differed between the three groups (p = 0.008). With the rule astigmatism was most prevalent in Caucasians (80.1%), followed by African blacks (71.3%) and Mixed race (65.3%). Corneas were steeper in Caucasians and mixed race, compared to African blacks (p = 0.001). K1, K2 and Kmax respectively, were 42.4, 43.2 and 43.7 for the African black, 43.2, 44 and 44.8 for the Mixed race and 43.2, 43.8 and 44.5 D for the Caucasian group. Thinnest point of the cornea in African blacks, Mixed race and Caucasians were 500 (39), 510 (40), and 534 (45) µm (p < 0.001). Conclusion Astigmatism magnitude is comparable between ethnic groups in South Africa. Hence, we suggest that astigmatism is not influenced by ethnicity. Corneal power and thinnest point differed between the three ethnic groups
Functions of serine from the phosphorylated pathway on growth, male gametogenesis, and metabolism in Marchantia polymorpha
Authors: Hirai Masami , Wang Mengyao , Tabeta Hiromitsu , Ohtaka Kinuka , Kuwahara Ayuko , Nishihama Ryuichi , Ishikawa Toshiki , Toyooka Kiminori , Sato Mayuko , Wakazaki Mayumi , Akashi Hiromichi , Tsugawa Hiroshi , Shoji Tsubasa , Okazaki Yozo , Yoshida Keisuke , Sato Ryoichi , Ferjani Ali , Kohchi Takayuki 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Serine is an important precursor of various biomolecules. Here, we investigated the role of the phosphorylated pathway of serine biosynthesis in a non-vascular plant Marchantia polymorpha by analyzing knockout mutants of MpPGDH, a single gene encoding the first committed enzyme 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PGDH), to assess functions of this pathway in relation to those of the other two pathways. Growth phenotypes of the mutants indicated that serine supply from the phosphorylated pathway in the dark was crucial for vegetative growth. Sperm formation required serine from this pathway, while egg formation did not depend on it. Knockout of MpPGDH in the maternal genome disrupted sporophyte development. When the mutants were grown in high CO2 where the photorespiratory glycolate pathway for serine biosynthesis is inhibited, thallus growth was suppressed and not fully recovered to wild-type level by exogenous serine supplement, suggesting that serine homeostasis involving both the phosphorylated and glycolate pathways was essential. Metabolome and lipidome analyses indicated that the phosphorylated pathway mainly influenced the tricarboxylic acid cycle, the amino acid and nucleotide metabolism, and lack of serine significantly perturbed lipid metabolism. Our results indicate the importance of serine from the phosphorylated pathway for sperm formation, sporophyte development, and metabolism in M. polymorpha.
Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome: a nationwide Colombian pediatric series
Authors: Espitaleta Zilac , Domínguez-Vargas Alex , Villamizar-Martínez Johanna , Carrascal-Guzmán Martha , Guerrero-Tinoco Gustavo , Silva-Diaz Diana , Baquero Richard , Pinto-Bernal Claudia , González-Chaparro Luz , Rojas-Rosas Luisa , Amado-Niño Pilar , Castillo-Arteaga Mariángel , Alvarez-Gomez Yeferson , Arguello-Muñoz Laura , Morales-Camacho William , León-Guerra Oscar , Egea Eduardo , Galeano-Rodriguez Ricardo , Quintero-Gómez Ana , Aroca-Martínez Gustavo , Musso Carlos G. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a rare complement-mediated kidney disease with genetic predisposition and represents up to 10% of pediatric hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) cases. Few studies have evaluated aHUS in Latin American population. We studied a Colombian pediatric cohort to delineate disease presentation and outcomes.Methods A multicenter cohort of 27 Colombian children with aHUS were enrolled between 2010 to 2019. Patients were grouped by age at onset. Clinical features were compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Fisher exact tests. Renal biopsy was performed on six patients who were suspected of having other renal diseases before aHUS diagnosis.Results Most patients were male (70%). The onset of aHUS occurred frequently before age 4 years (60%) and followed gastroenteritis as the main triggering event (52%). Age groups were comparable in clinical presentation, disease severity, treatment, and outcomes. Pulmonary involvement (67%) was the main extrarenal manifestation. A higher frequency was observed in the 1–7 age group (p = 0.01). Renal biopsies were as follows: three had membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) type I, one MPGN type III, one C3-glomerulonephritis, and one rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. Genetic screening was available in five patients and identified 2xCFHR5, 2xMCP, and 1xADAMTS-13/THBD mutations. A total of 15 relapses were seen, of which 8 (72%) occurred in the 1–7 age group. The renal outcome was not significantly different regardless of age group.Conclusion In our cohort, we observed a relatively high frequency of extrarenal involvement at first presentation represented by pulmonary manifestations. The renal prognosis at initial presentation was worse than in previous reports.
Copy number variations in a Chinese series of patients with DiGeorge syndrome-related hypoparathyroidism
Authors: Jiang Yue , Wang Yabing , Yang Jing , Jiang Yan , Li Mei , Xia Weibo , Xing Xiaoping , Nie Min , Wang Ou 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Large genic copy number variations (CNVs) that are rare in the general population have been identified as pathogenic variations in many human diseases. Microdeletion of chromosome 22 leads to DiGeorge syndrome-1 (DGS-1), however, research on the influence of CNVs on the phenotype of DGS-1 related hypoparathyroidism (HP) is still lacking. To understand the CNV profiles in whole genome and their correlation with HP related phenotype in a series of DGS-1 related HP patients by CNV-sequencing.
Methods: CNVs were detected by low-depth whole genome sequencing. The clinical data were collected retrospectively. The HP related phenotype were compared between DGS-1 patients with and without CNV other than 22q11 deletion. Meanwhile, the incidence of CNVs and phenotype were also compared between patients with DGS-1 and idiopathic hypoparathyroidism (IHP) matched in their gender and age.
Results: A total of 34 DGS-1 patients were enrolled in this CNV analysis, of whom 4 were adult-onset. The pathogenic CNV in 22q11 was confirmed in 32 (94.1%) cases. Moreover, 15 (44.1%) patients carried 22 CNVs other than 22q11.2. There was no significant difference in phenotype between patients with and without CNVs (≥100kb) other than 22q11, as well as the incidence of CNVs between DGS-1 and IHP patients.
Conclusion: In our study, there seemed to be a relatively high percentage (44.1%) of patients who carried CNVs (≥100kb) other than 22q11.2, which may be related to the phenotype of DGS-1. Further analyses on larger DGS-1 related HP series, especially with normal controls from different races should be performed.
Real-world experience: Effect of Apixaban on INR, More confusion to providers with inadvertent lab
Authors: Elkholy Emad , Brashi Rafal , Batrafi Raghad , Alhadrami salma , Almutawakkil Braah , Atallah Hashim , Mekkawy Mohammed , Shalaby Ghada , elragaal mahmoud 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Factor X inhibition can cause the prolongation of PT by acting on the common pathway factors. Although, Expensive and less available “calibrated anti-FXa” predicts DOAC plasma level had better than prothrombin time (PT) and the international normalized ratio (INR). Consecutive reports raise more attention to (PT/INR) abnormalities in clinical scenarios for the minority of patients on DOACs. This study focuses on studying the magnitude of the Apixaban effect on INR elevation, which may be of clinical significance.
Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective, observational analysis of adult patients who received at least 30 days of Apixaban. This study's primary outcome is to test the association between Apixaban use and significant INR elevation
Results: Five hundred Fifty-two patients have screened in the study .194 patients meet our study aim criteria, Apixaban use was associated with a significant rise in INR levels after Apixaban (1.54 ± 2.59) compared to the previous values (1.03 ± 0.62) P <0.001. The mean rise was 0.58 (95% CI: 0.34-0.82, p<0.001). Multiple linear regression showed insignificance of all other tested variables, like Age, Polypharmacy, Use of CYP inhibitors, baseline INR, or renal function.
Conclusion: Apixaban use is associated with a significant increase in INR in non-hospitalized patients, although the clinical outcomes of this observation are still understudied.
Although routine monitoring of INR for Apixaban is generally unadvised, it is pivotal for practitioners to understand the magnitude of this phenomenon, more research is warranted to describe the clinical importance and guidance for those coagulation assays in daily practice.