bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large‐scale correlations between gamebird release and management and animal biodiversity metrics in lowland Great Britain
Authors: Madden Joah Robert , Buckley Rosie , Ratcliffe Sophia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe ecological effects on populations of non‐game species driven by the annual release and management of tens of millions of gamebirds for recreational shooting are complex and relatively poorly understood. We investigated these effects at a national scale, considering multiple taxa simultaneously. We used records from the UK National Biodiversity Network Atlas to compare animal species and diversity metrics previously suggested to be affected by behaviors of the released birds, or because resources or habitats are influenced by game management or both processes. We contrasted records from 1 km grid squares where gamebirds were reported released in Great Britain, and control squares with similar land cover but where no releases were reported. There were more records overall reported from release grid squares (RGS) compared with controls (CGS), perhaps due to greater reporting effort or greater biological richness. We found fewer foxes in RGS and fewest in grid squares with largest releases, but more carrion crows in RGS. We found no consistent effects for buzzards, ravens, jays, or magpies. There were more rodents and gray squirrels reported from RGS but no differences for reptiles. There were more butterflies but fewer beetles reported from RGS but no consistent patterns for Orthoptera or ground beetles considered common gamebird prey. Farmland and woodland birds exhibited higher abundance, richness, and diversity in RGS when considering absolute records, but woodland bird abundance and richness were lower when correcting for the relative number of records. These nationwide results, despite crude data resolution, reveal diverse effects of gamebird release and management at a national scale and across trophic levels, increasing some non‐game animal populations while decreasing others. This should alert practitioners, opponents, and legislators that a focus on single taxa effects, either positive or negative, may obscure the simultaneous changes in other taxa.
Transcutaneous electrical stimulation of auricular branch of the vagus nerve effectively and rapidly modulates the EEG patterns in patients with possible electrographic status epilepticus
Authors: Sarma Gosala Raja Kukkuta , Sharma Ananya Rakesh , John Anil T. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundInvasive vagal nerve stimulation (iVNS) is a known treatment approach for patients with refractory epilepsy. Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) was developed to overcome the side effects and surgical complications of iVNS. tVNS is proven beneficial in refractory epilepsy. The effectiveness of tVNS, however, has never been studied in patients with Status Epilepticus. In this study, we explored the effect of tVNS in three patients with possible electrographic status epilepticus.ObjectivesTo compare the EEG pattern before, during and after tVNS in three patients with possible electrographic status epilepticus.MethodsThree consecutive patients with possible electrographic status epilepticus were included after due consenting process. In addition to the standard care, tVNS was applied on the left ear over the cymba concha in two sessions, 6 h apart, with each session for 45 min. Continuous EEG monitoring was performed as standard of care and the findings before, during and after tVNS were documented.ResultsThe duration of status epilepticus at the time of inclusion of Patients 1, 2, and 3 was 6 weeks, 7 days, and 5 days respectively. All were in coma and on multiple antiseizure medications. Patient 1 and 3 were on anesthetic infusions. Before stimulation, one patient had burst suppression pattern and two had generalized periodic discharges at 1 Hz frequency. We observed a significant reduction/resolution of ongoing EEG patterns in all three patients during the stimulation. The abnormal patterns re‐emerged approximately 20 min post cessation of tVNS. No stimulation‐related side effects were detected. There was no change in clinical status, but all three patients had severe underlying conditions.SignificanceTranscutaneous auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation (tVNS) is a potential noninvasive adjuvant therapy that can modulate EEG patterns in patients with Status epilepticus. Larger studies in early SE are needed to assess its clinical benefits.
Thermodynamic investigation of variable‐speed compression unit in near‐isothermal compressed air energy storage
Authors: He Xin , Wang Huanran , Sun Hao , Huang Yizhou , Wang Zhuangjie , Ling Lanning 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIsothermal compression is the state‐of‐the‐art in compressed air energy storage (CAES) technology. The study of cyclic pressurization unit in isothermal CAES is carried out in this paper. The unit can continuously compress air utilizing double vessels operating alternately. In each vessel, the large heat capacity of water and spray cooling is applied to establish a conducive environment for the air achieving the effect of efficient near‐isothermal compression. The operating mode of the cyclic pressurization unit is divided into sliding‐pressure operation and constant‐pressure operation according to the pressure of its outlet. By adopting the characteristic curves of pump, the dynamic model is built for the unit in this paper. Further, the differences between the cyclic pressurization unit in isentropic process and in variable‐speed process are quantified and compared in four different cases. In isentropic process, the energy‐saving ratio and exergy efficiency of the unit are expected to reach 20.4% and 95.0%, respectively. In variable‐speed process, the energy‐saving ratio and efficiency of the unit can achieve 7.3% and 73.4%, respectively. This gap is mainly determined by the off‐design performance of the pump. Moreover, the vessel volume should be no less than 3 m3 and 5 m3 when there is spraying and when there is no spraying. Furthermore, spraying favors the improvement of the worsened compression performance caused by the change of design parameters. The energy‐saving ratio can be improved via spraying by 1.3% to 11.0% and 1.8% to 25.6% in the isentropic and variable‐speed processes, respectively. Meanwhile, the exergy efficiency can be increased by 1.5% to 9.4% in the isentropic process and 1.4% to 8.4% in the variable‐speed by spraying.
Term spreads of implied volatility smirk and variance risk premium
Authors: Guo Wei , Ruan Xinfeng , Gehricke Sebastian A. , Zhang Jin E. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study the pattern of S&P 500 index options implied volatility (IV) curves and their predictive ability for the variance risk premium (VRP). We explore this predictability employing by the Zhang and Xiang IV factor estimation. We show that the level factor term spread significantly predicts the VRP, proxied by straddle returns and variance swap returns, in both in‐sample and out‐of‐sample tests. The predictability is more pronounced for straddle returns rather than variance swap returns.
Telehealth replication of the trial‐based ongoing visual‐inspection criteria
Authors: Standish Cassandra M. , Banerjee Ipshita , Lambert Joseph M. , Houchins‐Juarez Nealetta , Perry Eugenia C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTrial‐based functional analyses are valid assessments for identifying functions of problem behavior; however, there is little guidance in the literature on interpreting the resultant data from such assessments. The current study sought to extend Standish, Bailey, et al. (2021) by incorporating their trial‐based ongoing visual‐inspection criteria into a formative assessment process during a telehealth‐based consultation for parents seeking treatment for their child's problem behavior. The results showed that parent‐implemented trial‐based functional analyses guided by the trial‐based ongoing visual‐inspection criteria resulted in an efficient assessment‐to‐intervention progression and that the treatments were both effective and socially valid.
YF3:Tb, LaF3:Ce/Tb, and GdF3:Tb nanoparticles: A comparison of the crystallographic and photoluminescent properties
Authors: Ansari Anees A. , Khan M. A. Majeed 
Published: May 2023

AbstractYF3:Tb, LaF3:Ce/Tb, and GdF3:Tb nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by the thermal co‐precipitation technique at a lower temperature. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), FT‐Raman, UV/visible, and photoluminescence techniques were utilized to determine the phase purity, crystal phase, thermal stability, exterior behavior, optical properties, colloidal stability, and luminescent properties. The XRD results showed the different crystal phases in each nanoproduct. The TGA studies exhibited slight degradation at a lower temperature, which suggests surface water adsorption and organic moieties. The FTIR spectra revealed the existence of the IR bands related to hydroxyl and (CO) groups, suggesting the presence of organic moieties. The absorption spectra and optical bandgap energies were measured in aqueous media for the determination of the colloidal dispersibility in an aqueous solution. The excitation and emission spectra were analyzed, and all observed excitation and emission transitions were labeled. The emission spectra of the LnF3:Tb NPs exhibited distinctive features of the most dominant emission transition located at 543 (5D4 → 7F5) under the excitation at 368 nm. Among the presented LnF3 host matrices, YF3:Tb NPs demonstrated high crystallinity along with superior photoluminescence properties. These findings are highly useful in the conjugation of biomolecules for sensitive detection of biomolecules and optical bioimaging.
Changes in convective and stratiform precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau projected by global and regional climate models
Authors: Zhang Hongwen , Gao Yanhong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPrecipitation is a crucial influencing factor in the global hydrological cycle and terrestrial ecosystems. Previous studies have mostly focused on the historical precipitation variations over the Tibetan Plateau (TP). However, little attention has been given to the differences between convective and stratiform precipitation under future climate change scenarios. In order to acquire the high‐resolution precipitation information over the TP, the dynamical downscaling simulation was conducted utilizing a regional climate model (Weather Research and Forecasting [WRF] model) forced with a global climate model (Community Climate System Model [CCSM]). In this study, we focus on projections of future changes in convective and stratiform precipitation over the TP. The downscaling results during a 26‐year period 1980–2005 are compared for dry season, wet season and annual mean precipitation against the gridded observation dataset. Then, the changes in the wet season convective and stratiform precipitation with warming between CCSM and WRF‐CCSM were compared in the future period 2070–2099 under two scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). Compared with the coarse‐resolution forcing, the historical precipitation of dry season, wet season and annual mean over the TP were found to better reproduce in WRF‐CCSM simulation. WRF‐CCSM projects an opposite spatial pattern of total precipitation change between the northern and southern TP in the future under different scenarios, which were attributed to the decreased stratiform precipitation in the southern TP and the increased convective precipitation in the northern TP, contrasting with the uniform increase of total precipitation in its forcing. The surface air temperature projected in WRF‐CCSM is larger increase than in the CCSM forcing. Compared to the CCSM forcing, WRF‐CCSM projects more pronounced increase in convective precipitation in response to rapid warming, and increasingly dominates changes of total precipitation with temperature exceeds the Clausius–Clapeyron rate over the northern TP.
Naturally Derived Maleic Chitosan/Thiolated Sodium Hyaluronate Hydrogels as Potential 3D Printing Tissue Engineering Materials
Authors: Zhang Mengfan , Peng Xiaotong , Huang Yansheng , Li Kai , Zhang Jing , Xiao Pu , Zhou Yingshan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract3D printing is an attractive method to accurately construct artificial organs or alternative materials with complicated structures and functional performance. Naturally derived hydrogels have emerged as promising materials for the preparation of biomimetic 3D organization or scaffolds by 3D printing due to their good biocompatibility, high water content, and fascinating 3D network. However, the poor printing properties and weak structural stability of naturally derived hydrogels limit their applications. In this study, photopolymerizable hydrogels are designed based on maleic chitosan (MCS) and thiolated sodium hyaluronate (SHHA). The Michael addition between MCS and SHHA improves the viscosity of the mixed solution. Moreover, it benefits the 3D printing process, followed by photopolymerization (acrylate‐thiol step‐chain polymerization and acrylate–acrylate chain polymerization) to form a stable covalent network rapidly. The rheological property, swelling behaviors, microstructure, and in vitro degradation are tuned by adjusting the molar ratio of the thiol group and acrylate group. In addition, MCS/SHHA hydrogel scaffolds with good accuracy and enhanced structural stability are prepared using extrusion‐based 3D printing and photopolymerization technology. The hydrogels display excellent cytocompatibility and can support adherence of L929 cells, which can be used as prospective materials for tissue engineering applications.
Stigma and Social Avoidance in Adults with Essential Tremor
Authors: O'Suilleabhain Padraig , Berry Diane S. , Lundervold Duane A. , Turner Travis H. , Tovar Madeline , Louis Elan D. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundPeople with essential tremor (ET) can be subject to stigma, and some adopt avoidance behaviors. Characteristics associated with ET stigma and the relationship between perceived stigma and social dysfunction have not been studied.ObjectivesTo discern predictors of perceived stigma and social dysfunction in ET, and to identify potentially treatable psychological factors associated with social dysfunction.MethodsWe surveyed ET patients (n = 158) on recalled stigma incidents and social dysfunction related to tremor, as well as clinical and demographic characteristics including tremor severity, and psychological constructs including anxiety, depression, mindfulness, resilience, and narcissism.ResultsWorse tremor severity (Standardized beta [SB] 1.4, P < 0.001) especially among younger participants (interaction of age and tremor severity SB −0.9, P < 0.001) and presence of vocal tremor (SB 0.7, P = 0.002) predict perceived stigma. 53/157 (33.8%) participants met criteria for social dysfunction, employing maladaptive avoidance strategies. Scores for perceived stigma (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.2, P = 0.002), depression (OR 1.5, P = 0.004) and stigma psychological distress (OR 1.2, P = 0.001) as well as sex (OR 4.3 for females, P = 0.045) predicted social dysfunction.ConclusionsDepression and stigma psychological distress contribute to social dysfunction related to ET stigma. Treating these psychological factors may mitigate social avoidance behaviors prevalent among susceptible individuals: those who most perceive ET stigma, i.e. relatively younger patients with worse tremor or with vocal tremor, and in particular females who are more prone to social dysfunction than males with the same degree of perceived stigma.
Boundary spanning strategy and tacit knowledge recombination: Analysis of joint‐patent networks of patent‐intensive firms
Authors: Jiang Jie , Zhang Qihang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper collects 103 sample firms' 2015 to 2019 data through data envelopment analysis to measure their technical innovation performance and social network analysis to build joint‐patent networks and explore knowledge‐creating alliance relationships. The article highlights how tacit knowledge recombination works as a mechanism of boundary spanning. It emphasizes the significance of strategic balancing networks' position to improve technical innovation performance and competitiveness of patent‐intensive (PI) firms. This research contributes to shedding additional light on the nature of the boundary‐spanning mechanism and PI firms' knowledge exchanges. Specifically, it examines how balancing boundaries spanning through joint‐patent networks can influence the processes of tacit knowledge transmission and recombination between knowledge‐based actors.
Examining neurodevelopmental problems in 15q11.2 (BP1‐BP2) copy number variation carriers at ages 9/12 and 18 in a Swedish twin sample
Authors: Jonsson Lina , Martin Joanna , Lichtenstein Paul , Magnusson Patrik K. E. , Lundström Sebastian , Westberg Lars , Tammimies Kristiina 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundSeveral copy number variations (CNVs) are associated with increased risk for neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. The CNV 15q11.2 (BP1‐BP2) deletion has been associated with learning difficulties, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), epilepsy, and brain morphology; however, many carriers present mild or no symptoms. Carrying the reciprocal duplication does not seem to confer risk for these disorders or traits. Our aim was to examine the impact of carrying either 15q11.2 deletion and reciprocal duplication on neurodevelopmental problems in a population‐based sample of children.MethodsTwins with genotype and phenotype information in the Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden (CATSS) were included (N = 12,040). We included measures of neurodevelopmental problems (NDPs), including learning problems, from the questionnaire Autism–Tics, ADHD, and other Comorbidities inventory (A‐TAC) at age 9/12, ADHD and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) questionnaires at age 18, as well as information about lifetime psychiatric diagnoses and epileptic seizures. We tested the association between these phenotypic measurements and carrying the 15q11.2 deletion, the reciprocal duplication, and other CNVs with previously reported strong associations with neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders (i.e., psychiatric CNVs).ResultsWe identified 57 carriers of the 15q11.2 deletion, 75 carriers of the reciprocal duplication, and 67 carriers of other psychiatric CNVs. We did not find an increased risk for NDPs or psychiatric diagnoses in the 15q11.2 deletion carriers. For 15q11.2 duplication carriers, we found an increased risk for math learning problems and fewer self‐reported ADHD symptoms at age 18 but not for other NDPs. In line with previous studies, we found an increased risk of NDPs and other evaluated phenotypes in carriers of psychiatric CNVs.ConclusionsOur results support previous findings that carrying 15q11.2 deletion does not have a large effect on NDPs in children.
Neural correlates of inhibitory control in severe class III compared with class I/II obesity using a sample of endometrial cancer survivors seeking weight loss
Authors: Nock Nora L. , Jiang Huangqi , Rao Stephen M. , Dimitropoulos Anastasia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveNo prior studies have evaluated inhibitory control in people with severe class III compared with class I/II obesity. Thus, the study aim was to evaluate inhibitory control and neural correlates of response inhibition by obesity class using a sample of endometrial cancer (EC) survivors with obesity, who have a higher risk of overall but not cancer‐specific mortality.MethodsForty‐eight stage I EC survivors with obesity (class I/II: n = 21; class III: n = 27) seeking weight loss in a lifestyle intervention at baseline completed a stop signal task during functional magnetic resonance imaging.ResultsIt was found that participants with class III obesity had a longer stop signal reaction time (mean [SD], 278.8 [51.3] vs. 251.5 [34.0] milliseconds, p < 0.01) compared with those with class I/II obesity, indicating that patients with EC with severe obesity had greater impulsivity and poorer inhibitory control. Results also showed increased activation in the thalamus and superior frontal gyrus for the incorrect versus correct inhibition contrast in class III but not class I/II obesity (whole brain cluster corrected, p < 0.05).ConclusionsThese results provide novel insights into inhibitory control and corresponding neural correlates in severe versus less severe classes of obesity and highlight the importance of targeting inhibitory control processes in weight‐loss interventions, particularly for people with severe obesity and greater impulsivity.
Weight gain prevention interventions in the Study of Novel Approaches to Weight Gain Prevention (SNAP) trial promote ideal cardiovascular health in young adults
Authors: Hayes Jacqueline F. , LaRose Jessica Gokee , Gorin Amy A. , Lewis Cora E. , Bahnson Judy , Phelan Suzanne , Wing Rena R. ,   for the Study of Novel Approaches to Weight Gain Prevention (SNAP) Research Group
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveCardiovascular health (CVH) declines in young adulthood. This study assessed whether weight gain prevention interventions promoted ideal CVH.MethodsYoung adults (n = 599; age 18–35 years; BMI: 21.0–30.9 kg/m2) from a randomized controlled trial comparing two weight gain prevention interventions (self‐regulation with large or small changes) and a self‐guided control group completed anthropometric and clinical assessments at baseline and 2 years. CVH was quantified via the American Heart Association's Life's Simple 7 (LS7) number of ideal components met.ResultsBoth interventions showed significant improvements in the average number of ideal LS7 components met at 2 years compared with control (pre‐ to post‐treatment means; large change: 0.24, small change: 0.34, control: −0.2, p < 0.05). Moreover, a greater percentage of participants in both interventions improved by ≥1 ideal component (large change: 35%, small change: 37%, control: 29%) and a smaller percentage declined by ≥1 ideal component (large change: 16%, small change: 20%, control: 30%) compared with control. For individual LS7 components, the odds of having an ideal BMI and glucose varied by treatment condition at 2 years.ConclusionsTwo weight gain prevention interventions led to improvements in ideal CVH at 2 years. Interventions explicitly focused on a broader constellation of LS7 domains might lead to even greater changes in CVH.