bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Positive Feedback Between the Tidal Flat Variations and Sediment Dynamics: An Example Study in the Macro‐Tidal Turbid Hangzhou Bay
Authors: Li Li , Ren Yihan , Ye Taoyan , Wang Xiao Hua , Hu Jianyu , Xia Yuezhang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTidal flat variations (curvature) in macro‐tidal turbid bays highly correlate with sediment dynamics. Interactions between tidal flats and sediment dynamics in macro‐tidal turbid estuaries, like Hangzhou Bay, China, have been studied through a fully validated 3D sediment model by considering high‐turbidity, flocculation, and water‐sediment density coupling. Numerical results show that the circulation and sediment flux in the curvature of Andong tidal flat have similar magnitudes in the along‐estuarine and lateral directions, demonstrating the important impact of the geometry on hydrodynamics and sediment transport processes. Sediment moves toward the southern/northern bank near the bottom/surface level in curvature. Tidally averaged net sediment flux is southward in the curvature. Tidal flat reclamation changes the curvature of the tidal channel, and modulates the circulation and sediment transport, and then feeds back to the tidal flat evolution subsequently. Bottom friction, nonlinear advection, and centrifugal force are dominant forces for inducing the lateral circulation, followed by the Coriolis force and sediment‐induced baroclinic process. Lateral circulation combined with the suspended sediment concentration (SSC) profile controls the distribution of instantaneous and tidally averaged net sediment fluxes in the curvature. The sediment flux positively correlates with the curvature of channel bends. The increased curvature of channel bends enhances the southward sediment fluxes mainly by increasing the effects of the centrifugal force, nonlinear advection, and Coriolis force on the lateral circulation and SSC. This study revealed a two‐way feedback system between tidal flat and sediment dynamics, which contributes to the impact of anthropogenic activities on geomorphological evolution of similar estuaries worldwide.
Quantitative Mineralogy of Planetary Silicate Ternary Mixtures Using Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Qi Xiaobin , Ling Zongcheng , Liu Ping , Chen Jian , Cao Haijun , Liu Changqing , Wang Xiaoyu , Liu Yiheng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA 532‐nm‐excited lunar Raman spectrometer (LRS) has been selected as a scientific payload of the Chang'e‐7 mission, exploring mineralogy assemblages in the lunar south polar region. However, the quantification of dark‐colored silicate minerals via Raman spectroscopy is an urgent requirement for upcoming Raman applications in future lunar and planetary explorations. Therefore, we conducted detailed laboratory studies on the Raman quantification of lunar silicate minerals using ternary mixtures of feldspar, olivine, and augite. Quantitative models were established employing the observed linear relationship between Raman integrated intensities and mineral proportions. The significant correlation coefficients (>0.94) and small RMSE (≤4.20 wt.%) confirmed the performance of these models. A series of methods (multipoint sampling, multispectral averaging, peak area extraction, and spectral parameter ratios) were jointly used to ensure that the models were not significantly affected by crystal orientation, chemical inhomogeneity, and instruments. Factors (σ2/σ1) describing the relative Raman scattering cross sections were introduced to calibrate the Raman counts. Our results indicated that the relative Raman scattering efficiency of feldspar, olivine, and augite is 1.4:2.4:1, which can be used to improve the quantitative accuracy of the point‐counting method if polymineralic mixing spectra are dominant. The models were validated across different samples using laboratory mixtures and lunar soil (CE5C0600). The lithology of the Chang'e‐5 soils is basaltic/gabbroic according to the quantitative mineralogy returned from our models that is consistent with the results from traditional methods. This research will be of particular significance for accurately determining the mineral abundances for Chang'e‐7 and other planetary missions. As such, crucial information can be inferred to understand the geological evolution of the exploration regions.
Satellite‐Based Long‐Term Spatiotemporal Trends in Ambient NO2 Concentrations and Attributable Health Burdens in China From 2005 to 2020
Authors: Huang Keyong , Zhu Qingyang , Lu Xiangfeng , Gu Dongfeng , Liu Yang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDespite the recent development of using satellite remote sensing to predict surface NO2 levels in China, methods for estimating reliable historical NO2 exposure, especially before the establishment of NO2 monitoring network in 2013, are still rare. A gap‐filling model was first adopted to impute the missing NO2 column densities from satellite, then an ensemble machine learning model incorporating three base learners was developed to estimate the spatiotemporal pattern of monthly mean NO2 concentrations at 0.05° spatial resolution from 2005 to 2020 in China. Further, we applied the exposure data set with epidemiologically derived exposure response relations to estimate the annual NO2 associated mortality burdens in China. The coverage of satellite NO2 column densities increased from 46.9% to 100% after gap‐filling. The ensemble model predictions had good agreement with observations, and the sample‐based, temporal and spatial cross‐validation (CV) R2 were 0.88, 0.82, and 0.73, respectively. In addition, our model can provide accurate historical NO2 concentrations, with both by‐year CV R2 and external separate year validation R2 achieving 0.80. The estimated national NO2 levels showed a increasing trend during 2005–2011, then decreased gradually until 2020, especially in 2012–2015. The estimated annual mortality burden attributable to long‐term NO2 exposure ranged from 305 thousand to 416 thousand, and varied considerably across provinces in China. This satellite‐based ensemble model could provide reliable long‐term NO2 predictions at a high spatial resolution with complete coverage for environmental and epidemiological studies in China. Our results also highlighted the heavy disease burden by NO2 and call for more targeted policies to reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides in China.
CD301b+ macrophage: the new booster for activating bone regeneration in periodontitis treatment
Authors: Wang Can , Zhao Qin , Chen Chen , Li Jiaojiao , Zhang Jing , Qu Shuyuan , Tang Hua , Zeng Hao , Zhang Yufeng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPeriodontal bone regeneration is a major challenge in the treatment of periodontitis. Currently the main obstacle is the difficulty of restoring the regenerative vitality of periodontal osteoblast lineages suppressed by inflammation, via conventional treatment. CD301b+ macrophages were recently identified as a subpopulation that is characteristic of a regenerative environment, but their role in periodontal bone repair has not been reported. The current study indicates that CD301b+ macrophages may be a constituent component of periodontal bone repair, and that they are devoted to bone formation in the resolving phase of periodontitis. Transcriptome sequencing suggested that CD301b+ macrophages could positively regulate osteogenesis-related processes. In vitro, CD301b+ macrophages could be induced by interleukin 4 (IL-4) unless proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) were present. Mechanistically, CD301b+ macrophages promoted osteoblast differentiation via insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)/thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1 (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling. An osteogenic inducible nano-capsule (OINC) consisting of a gold nanocage loaded with IL-4 as the “core” and mouse neutrophil membrane as the “shell” was designed. When injected into periodontal tissue, OINCs first absorbed proinflammatory cytokines in inflamed periodontal tissue, then released IL-4 controlled by far-red irradiation. These events collectively promoted CD301b+ macrophage enrichment, which further boosted periodontal bone regeneration. The current study highlights the osteoinductive role of CD301b+ macrophages, and suggests a CD301b+ macrophage-targeted induction strategy based on biomimetic nano-capsules for improved therapeutic efficacy, which may also provide a potential therapeutic target and strategy for other inflammatory bone diseases.
New genetic and epigenetic insights into the chemokine system: the latest discoveries aiding progression toward precision medicine
Authors: Xu Hanli , Lin Shuye , Zhou Ziyun , Li Duoduo , Zhang Xiting , Yu Muhan , Zhao Ruoyi , Wang Yiheng , Qian Junru , Li Xinyi , Li Bohan , Wei Chuhan , Chen Keqiang , Yoshimura Teizo , Wang Ji Ming , Huang Jiaqiang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOver the past thirty years, the importance of chemokines and their seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) has been increasingly recognized. Chemokine interactions with receptors trigger signaling pathway activity to form a network fundamental to diverse immune processes, including host homeostasis and responses to disease. Genetic and nongenetic regulation of both the expression and structure of chemokines and receptors conveys chemokine functional heterogeneity. Imbalances and defects in the system contribute to the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases, including cancer, immune and inflammatory diseases, and metabolic and neurological disorders, which render the system a focus of studies aiming to discover therapies and important biomarkers. The integrated view of chemokine biology underpinning divergence and plasticity has provided insights into immune dysfunction in disease states, including, among others, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this review, by reporting the latest advances in chemokine biology and results from analyses of a plethora of sequencing-based datasets, we outline recent advances in the understanding of the genetic variations and nongenetic heterogeneity of chemokines and receptors and provide an updated view of their contribution to the pathophysiological network, focusing on chemokine-mediated inflammation and cancer. Clarification of the molecular basis of dynamic chemokine-receptor interactions will help advance the understanding of chemokine biology to achieve precision medicine application in the clinic.
Cell activation-based screening of natively paired human T cell receptor repertoires
Authors: Fahad Ahmed S. , Chung Cheng Yu , López Acevedo Sheila N. , Boyle Nicoleen , Madan Bharat , Gutiérrez-González Matías F. , Matus-Nicodemos Rodrigo , Laflin Amy D. , Ladi Rukmini R. , Zhou John , Wolfe Jacy , Llewellyn-Lacey Sian , Koup Richard A. , Douek Daniel C. , Balfour Henry H. , Price David A. , DeKosky Brandon J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAdoptive immune therapies based on the transfer of antigen-specific T cells have been used successfully to treat various cancers and viral infections, but improved techniques are needed to identify optimally protective human T cell receptors (TCRs). Here we present a high-throughput approach to the identification of natively paired human TCRα and TCRβ (TCRα:β) genes encoding heterodimeric TCRs that recognize specific peptide antigens bound to major histocompatibility complex molecules (pMHCs). We first captured and cloned TCRα:β genes from individual cells, ensuring fidelity using a suppression PCR. We then screened TCRα:β libraries expressed in an immortalized cell line using peptide-pulsed antigen-presenting cells and sequenced activated clones to identify the cognate TCRs. Our results validated an experimental pipeline that allows large-scale repertoire datasets to be annotated with functional specificity information, facilitating the discovery of therapeutically relevant TCRs.
Effects of exogenous organic matter addition on agricultural soil microbial communities and relevant enzyme activities in southern China
Authors: Liu Xing , Chen Qi , Zhang Huicheng , Zhang Jiaen , Chen Yuting , Yao Fucheng , Chen Yingtong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSoil microbial community composition plays a key role in the decomposition of organic matter, while the quality of exogenous organic matter (EOM: rice straw, roots and pig manure) can influence soil chemical and biological properties. However, the evidences of the effect of combination of crop residues and pig manure on the changes in soil microbial community and enzymes activities are scarce. A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to investigate the potential effect of EOM by analyzing soil properties, enzyme activities and microbial communities. The experiment consisted of eight treatments: CK (control), S (1% (w/w) rice straw), R (1% (w/w) rice root), SR (1% (w/w) rice straw + 1% (w/w) rice root), and added 1% (w/w) pig manure to CK, S, R and SR, respectively. Results showed that the straw treatment significantly increased the microbial biomass (carbon and nitrogen) and total carbon and nitrogen contents, cellulase and β-1,4-glucosidase activities, bacteria (i.e., gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria) PLFAs contents relative to CK regardless of whether pig manure was added. Moreover, the interaction between crop residues (e.g., straw and roots) and pig manure significantly influenced the contents of microbial biomass nitrogen and microbial biomass phosphorus, and the ratio of gram-positive bacteria to gram-negative bacteria. Redundance analysis confirmed that pH, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and dissolve organic carbon contents were significantly associated with soil microbial community under crop residues without pig manure addition. Furthermore, the experiment results showed that pig manure application not only provided more abundant nutrients (C, N and P) but also induced higher microbial and enzymatic activity compared with no pig manure addition. Our findings suggest that the combination of above-ground straw and pig manure is a better option for improving the functions of soil ecosystem.
Stability of silicon–tin alloyed nanocrystals with high tin concentration synthesized by femtosecond laser plasma in liquid media
Authors: Lozac’h Mickaël , Bürkle Marius , McDonald Calum , Miyadera Tetsuhiko , Koganezawa Tomoyuki , Mariotti Davide , Švrček Vladimir 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNanocrystals have a great potential for future materials with tunable bandgap, due to their optical properties that are related with the material used, their sizes and their surface termination. Here, we concentrate on the silicon–tin alloy for photovoltaic applications due to their bandgap, lower than bulk Si, and also the possibility to activate direct band to band transition for high tin concentration. We synthesized silicon–tin alloy nanocrystals (SiSn-NCs) with diameter of about 2–3 nm by confined plasma technique employing a femtosecond laser irradiation on amorphous silicon–tin substrate submerged in liquid media. The tin concentration is estimated to be $$\sim 17\%$$

∼
17
%

, being the highest Sn concentration for SiSn-NCs reported so far. Our SiSn-NCs have a well-defined zinc-blend structure and, contrary to pure tin NCs, also an excellent thermal stability comparable to highly stable silicon NCs. We demonstrate by means of high resolution synchrotron XRD analysis (SPring 8) that the SiSn-NCs remain stable from room temperature up to $$400\,^{\circ }\text {C},$$

400

∘

C
,

with a relatively small expansion of the crystal lattice. The high thermal stability observed experimentally is rationalized by means of first-principle calculations.
Diagnostic role of aortic valve calcium scoring in various etiologies of aortic stenosis
Authors: Wanchaitanawong Wisarut , Kanjanavanit Rungsrit , Srisuwan Tanop , Wongcharoen Wanwarang , Phrommintikul Arintaya 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMost of the studies about aortic valve calcium (AVC) score in aortic stenosis (AS) were based on degenerative or bicuspid AS but not rheumatic AS. We aimed to study the diagnostic accuracy of AVC score to determine severe AS in various etiologies. Adult patients diagnosed with mild to severe AS were enrolled. AVC score were identified from multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) scan. The AVC score was highest in bicuspid AS (3211.9 (IQR (1100.0–4562.4) AU) compared to degenerative AS (1803.7 (IQR (1073.6–2550.6) AU)), and rheumatic AS (875.6 (IQR 453.3–1594.0) AU), p < 0.001. For the ROC curve to identify severe AS, the AVC score performed well in degenerative and bicuspid AS with the area under the ROC curve (AuROC) 0.834 (95% CI, 0.730, 0.938) in degenerative group; and 0.820 (95% CI, 0.687, 0.953) in bicuspid AS. Whereas AVC score had non-significant diagnostic accuracy with AuROC 0.667 (95% CI, 0.357, 0.976) for male and 0.60(95% CI, 0.243, 0.957) for female in rheumatic AS. The cut-off AVC score values to identify severe AS were AVCS > 2028.9AU (male) and > 1082.5AU (female) for degenerative AS, and > 2431.8AU (male) and > 1293.5AU (female) for bicuspid AS. In conclusions, AVC score is the accurate test for assessing severity in patients with degenerative and bicuspid AS but performs poorly in rheumatic AS group.
Structural and functional analyses of the echinomycin resistance conferring protein Ecm16 from Streptomyces lasalocidi
Authors: Gade Priyanka , Erlandson Amanda , Ullah Anwar , Chen Xi , Mathews Irimpan I. , Mera Paola E. , Kim Chu-Young 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEchinomycin is a natural product DNA bisintercalator antibiotic. The echinomycin biosynthetic gene cluster in Streptomyces lasalocidi includes a gene encoding the self-resistance protein Ecm16. Here, we present the 2.0 Å resolution crystal structure of Ecm16 bound to adenosine diphosphate. The structure of Ecm16 closely resembles that of UvrA, the DNA damage sensor component of the prokaryotic nucleotide excision repair system, but Ecm16 lacks the UvrB-binding domain and its associated zinc-binding module found in UvrA. Mutagenesis study revealed that the insertion domain of Ecm16 is required for DNA binding. Furthermore, the specific amino acid sequence of the insertion domain allows Ecm16 to distinguish echinomycin-bound DNA from normal DNA and link substrate binding to ATP hydrolysis activity. Expression of ecm16 in the heterologous host Brevibacillus choshinensis conferred resistance against echinomycin and other quinomycin antibiotics, including thiocoraline, quinaldopeptin, and sandramycin. Our study provides new insight into how the producers of DNA bisintercalator antibiotics fend off the toxic compounds that they produce.
A muti-informant national survey on the impact of COVID-19 on mental health symptoms of parent–child dyads in Canada
Authors: Leigh Jeanna Parsons , Moss Stephana Julia , Sriskandarajah Cynthia , McArthur Eric , Ahmed Sofia B. , Birnie Kathryn , Halperin Donna , Halperin Scott , Harley Micaela , Hu Jia , Ng Kamstra Josh , Leppan Laura , Nickel Angie , Racine Nicole , Russell Kristine , Smith Stacie , Solis May , Stelfox Maia , Tutelman Perri R. , Stelfox Henry T. , Fiest Kirsten M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted the mental health of children, youth, and their families which must be addressed and prevented in future public health crises. Our objective was to measure how self-reported mental health symptoms of children/youth and their parents evolved during COVID-19 and to identify associated factors for children/youth and their parents including sources accessed for information on mental health. We conducted a nationally representative, multi-informant cross-sectional survey administered online to collect data from April to May 2022 across 10 Canadian provinces among dyads of children (11–14 years) or youth (15–18 years) and a parent (> 18 years). Self-report questions on mental health were based on The Partnership for Maternal, Newborn & Child Health and the World Health Organization of the United Nations H6+ Technical Working Group on Adolescent Health and Well-Being consensus framework and the Coronavirus Health and Impact Survey. McNemar’s test and the test of homogeneity of stratum effects were used to assess differences between children-parent and youth-parent dyads, and interaction by stratification factors, respectively. Among 933 dyads (N = 1866), 349 (37.4%) parents were aged 35–44 years and 485 (52.0%) parents were women; 227 (47.0%) children and 204 (45.3%) youth were girls; 174 (18.6%) dyads had resided in Canada < 10 years. Anxiety and irritability were reported most frequently among child (44, 9.1%; 37, 7.7%) and parent (82, 17.0%; 67, 13.9%) dyads, as well as among youth (44, 9.8%; 35, 7.8%) and parent (68, 15.1%; 49, 10.9%) dyads; children and youth were significantly less likely to report worsened anxiety (p < 0.001, p = 0.006, respectively) or inattention (p < 0.001, p = 0.028, respectively) compared to parents. Dyads who reported financial or housing instability or identified as living with a disability more frequently reported worsened mental health. Children (96, 57.1%), youth (113, 62.5%), and their parents (253, 62.5%; 239, 62.6%, respectively) most frequently accessed the internet for mental health information. This cross-national survey contextualizes pandemic-related changes to self-reported mental health symptoms of children, youth, and families.
Apigenin attenuates atherosclerosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome in mice
Authors: Lu Zheng , Liu Lu , Zhao Shunxin , Zhao Jiangtao , Li Sujun , Li Mingyang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractApigenin (APN), a flavone found in several plant foods with various biological properties such as anti-obesity, anti-inflammation and other abilities, alleviates atherosclerosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) induced by a high fat diet (HFD) in mice. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully understood. In this study, we investigated the role of NLRP3 in anti-atherosclerosis and anti-NAFLD effect of APN in mouse models with NLRP3 deficiency. Atherosclerosis and NAFLD models were established by treatment of low density lipoprotein receptor-deficient (Ldlr−/−) mice and NLRP3−/− Ldlr−/− mice with a HFD diet (20% fat and 0.5% cholesterol) with or without APN. En face lipid accumulation analysis, plasma lipid levels, hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation were analyzed and quantified. For in vitro experiments, HepG2 cells were stimulated by LPS plus oleic acid (OA) in the absence or presence of APN (50 μM). Lipid accumulation and the effect of APN on the NLRP3/NF-κB signaling pathway were investigated. APN administration partly reversed atherosclerosis and hepatic lipid accumulation, and decreased body weight and plasma lipid levels in Ldlr−/− mice when fed a HFD. Compared with Ldlr−/− mice, NLRP3−/− Ldlr−/− mice showed more severe atherosclerosis and hepatic lipid accumulation. Treating the HepG2 cells with APN reduced lipid accumulation. APN also inhibited activation of the NLRP3/ NF-κB signaling pathway stimulated by OA together with LPS. Our results indicate that APN supplementation prevents atherosclerosis and NAFLD via NLRP3 inhibition in mice, and suggest that APN might be a potential therapeutic agent for the prevention of atherosclerosis and NAFLD.