bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
E-learning Challenges Faced by the Primary School English Teachers of Taif City in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Allahbi Sara 
Published: July 2023

Aims: The ultimate aim of this research project is to find out the adverse effect of COVID 19 on the learning environment in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Furthermore, considering the impact of the corona virus on the education sector across the globe, especially at the primary level, this research addresses whether primary school English as foreign language (EFL) teachers faced challenges in dealing with online/virtual classes. To achieve the objectives and answer the research questions of the present study, the researcher elicited teachers’ perceptions regarding the challenges they face in the process of learning via virtual mode- the only alternative e-learning strategy available at the time of social distancing during Covid-19. The research method was quantitative, as data was collected from teachers’ questionnaires (adapted). The study relied on the primary school context of Taif region, Saudi Arabia. The study took around 7 months from conception to completion towards the last phase of the master’s level. The sample comprised 154 EFL Primary School teachers aged 25 to 35 years (104 females and 50 males) in Taif, Saudi Arabia. The adapted tool (a questionnaire) included different components such as attitude towards e-learning, readiness, challenges, infrastructure etc.
It was found that e-learning tools were more effective for more female teachers. Hence, the year of experience did not significantly affect e-learning materials with reference to two groups of teachers. The study also revealed that the age of male and female teachers does not contribute to the use of e-learning materials. Moreover, digital material exploitation is more easily done by the younger generation than the traditional teachers. The research findings are beneficial in redefining e-learning/virtual learning and redesigning compatible curricula, especially teaching strategies that would incorporate blended learning. In addition, teacher development activities will be initiated, keeping the teachers’ needs in view. Extension research at the doctoral level may be conducted to further support the findings by undertaking research with a larger sample. A tool should also be developed and employed to study online learning and associated factors, especially in the Taif region.
Effect of Amphipods (Grandierella megnae) Density on the Growth and Survival Rate of Mangrove Crab (Scylla tranquebarica)
Authors: Hasnidar  , Tamsil Andi 
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of amphipod density on the growth, survival and molting of mangrove crabs (Scylla tranquebarica).The research was conducted in the Installation of Tiger Shrimp Hatchery (ITSH), located Lawallu Village, Soppeng Riaja District, Barru Regency, South Sulawesi, from May to June 2022. There was 45 mangrove crabs, with an average weight of 0.04 ± 0.005 g and a carapace width of 5.4 ± 0.1 mm which were obtained from local hatcheries. The maintenance container is a glass jar containing 0.5 liters of water, each jar is filled with one crablet. The treatments tested were differences in amphipods density, namely: A) 20 ind/0.5 L, B) 30 ind/0.5 L, C) 40 ind/0.5 L, feeding frequency is once a day for first 10 days and twice a day at 8:00 AM and 5:00 PM for next 20 days. Parameters observed were growth weight (GW) and growth carapace width (GC), specific growth rate-weight (SGR-W) and specific growth carapace- width (SGR-C), survival rate (SR) and number of molting (NM). Using a completely randomized design with three treatments and three replications, each replication consisted of 5 crabs. Data were analyzed for variance and Duncan's further test, physical and chemical parameters of water were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that amphipod density had an effect on GW, GC, SGR-W and SGR-C, but had no effect on SR and NM. Amphipod densities of 20 - 40 ind/0.5 L produced good survival and a large number of molting, but amphipod densities of 30 ind/0.5 L were more efficient for the growth of mangrove crabs.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 – Dengue Fever Coinfection: A Case Report
Authors: Kamarany Mohammed Amood Al , Majam Ahmed , Suhail Khaled , Zuhairy Abdullah , Alabsi Elham 
Published: July 2023

A lot of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) related deaths were reported in Yemen about what risk factors contributing to this excess death? Hodeidah governorate at Western part of Yemen exposed to COVID-19 pandemic like other governorates in Yemen, adding to the current chronic diseases’ problems and endemic of vector – borne diseases namely malaria and dengue. The aim of this case report is to explore more data about COVID-19 – dengue fever coinfection related deaths in Hodeidah, Yemen, with both infections cause high mortality rates. The case reported here shows a 25 ‐year‐old male, cough, hypoxia, fever 38°C, difficult in breathing, and bleeding from nose as major of symptoms with oxygen saturation (O2) of 70%, 30 ipm of respiratory rate (RR), 120/80 mmHg of blood pressure, and 120 bpm of heart rate (HR). The patient was diagnosed with bilateral asymmetrical consolidative change with ground glass opacification based X–ray, the leukocytosis, lymphopenia, neutrophilia, and thrombocytopenia were reported. The level of random blood sugar (RBS) was normal, increase in liver enzyme was observed. Mild increase in serum creatinine with C – reactive protein (CRP) was high reactivity with positive COVID-19 and hemorrhagic dengue fever. The patient passed away (death) within two hours in triage. In conclusion , the co-infections with other infection like dengue is of high concern and this is the first reported case of COVID-19 and dengue coinfection presented as stroke and highlights the complex context of diagnostic and therapeutic management in tropical settings such as Hodeidah, Yemen.
Comparative Assessment of Biodegradability Potential of Pseudomonas putida and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on Oil Spill Dispersant (Aquabreak and Teepol) in Freshwater
Authors: Mba Y. E. , Ugboma C. J. , Nrior R. R. 
Published: July 2023

To compare and assessment of Biodegradability Potential of Pseudomonas putida and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on oil spill dispersant (Aquabreak and Teepol) in Freshwater. Fresh water sample were collected from Biara, Gokana L.G.A, and were transported to the Microbiology Laboratory of Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria for analyses while Oil spill dispersant (OSD/Aquabreak) was purchased from Barker and Hughes, all in Rivers state. Nine experimental set up were carried out using Bacillus and Pseudomonas species as the bio-augmenting organism. Controls were made without organisms. Its bioremediation potential on the pollutants and two types of test organisms were monitored for 28 days at an interval of 7day period. The setup was aerated twice a week to provide more oxygen for the organisms to thrive. Analysis of samples were carried out using standard analytical procedures. The resultsphysiochemical property of the water shows that as follows: pH 6.5, Temperature 30.0 ºC, Electric conductivity 15 µs/cm, Total dissolved solid 7 mg/l ,Chlorine 0.1 mg/l, Bromine 0.2 mg/l, Salinity (0.01 mg/l), Dissolved oxygen 1.5 mg/l , Biological Oxygen Demand 0.3 mg/l, Nitrate 0.01 mg/l, Sulphate 4.18 mg/l Phosphate 0.10 to 1.5mg/l, Total Hydrocarbon content 24mg/l. Percentage (%) Ultimate biodegradability of the two oil spill dispersant OSD/teepol and OSD/aquabreak revealed that control set-up recorded the 79.3 and 86.7 % , bioremediation set-up augmented with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens recorded 93.7 and 99.1% while the set-up augmented with P. putida had 98.0 and 94.7% respectively . It was observed that P. putida degrade Teepol than Bacillus amyloliquefaciens while aquabreak is more degraded by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens than P. putida. Nevertheless both dispersant shown high level of degradability by the test organisms. Therefore It is recommended that oil companies and government parastatals carrying out remediation in the Niger Delta should be encouraged and OSD/Teepol and OSD/aqubreak due to their high biodegradation potential.
Functional Modification of Dawson‐Type Arsenomolybdate for Enhanced Ultracapacitor Performance and Nitrate‐to‐Ammonia Production
Authors: Shi Bing‐Xue , Wang Yu‐Wen , Wang Mei‐Lin , Cui Li‐Ping , Yu Kai 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPolyoxometalates (POMs) are promising electrocatalysts and pseudo‐capacitive materials due to their reversible multi‐electron redox properties. In this study, Dawson‐type mono‐arsenic‐capped arsenomolybdate are anchored into channels of {Cu(trz)2}7 metal–organic network yielding a solution‐stable host‐guest structure, [{CuI(trz)2}7{AsIIIAsV2MoV4MoVI14O62}]2·3H2O (2), which exhibits higher conductivity and specific capacity, excellent rate performance and cycle stability than (biz)9(Hbiz)3{AsIII1.5AsV2Mo18O62}2·2H2O (1) and most reported POMs, ascribing to the excellent Faraday properties of POMs, metal–organic conductive network, and the advantages of host‐guest structure in surface area and stability. The AC//2‐CPE device demonstrates energy density and power density of 25.45 Wh kg−1 and 1991.53 W kg−1, and 92.4% capacity retention after 10 000 cycles. Moreover, compound 2 as nitrate reduction reaction (NO₃RR) electrocatalyst achieves a current density of 150 mA cm−2 at −0.5 V, ammonia production rate of 15.28 mg h−1 cm−2, and Faradaic efficiency of up to 90%. Density functional theory is employed to thoroughly investigate the adsorption active sites and the detailed energetic steps corresponding to the overall reaction pathway of NO3RR regulated by compound 2. This study reveals that encapsulating POMs clusters into a metal–organic network can increase the redox active sites, improve stability, and conductivity, thereby enhancing the energy storage and catalytic activity of POMs at the molecular level.
A Paper‐Based Sensor for the Detection of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Utilizing a Cleavable Fluorescent Polymer
Authors: He Zejian , Wu Jun , He Zhen , Chen Jia , Fang Weipin , Zhang Yifan , Shen Xinyi , Ren Yangjing , Chen Yulong , He Jianguo , Yan Donghai , Chen Pin , Zhou Mi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractNowadays, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has emerged as one of the major hazards to the health of the upper gastrointestinal tract, and there is an urgent need for a low‐cost, user‐friendly, and non‐invasive detection method. Herein, a paper‐based sensor (CP sensor) for the non‐invasive screening of GERD is proposed. The sensor is structured as a specially shaped cellulose paper strip embedded with fluorescent colloids, which are self‐assembled from a cleavable synthetic fluorescent polymer (P4). Benefiting from the introduction of amide bonds and the unique assembled structure of the nanocolloids, the pepsin in the sample solution will hydrolyze the water‐soluble branches in the micellar shell during detection, resulting in a corresponding output of the fluorescent signal. This responsiveness, which can be observed by the naked eye, is so sensitive with a minimum detectable concentration for pepsin as low as 0.3 ng·mL−1. Clinical trials have further demonstrates that the designed paper sensor is capable of providing improved accuracy in the early diagnosis of GERD.
Engineered Age‐Mimetic Breast Cancer Models Reveal Differential Drug Responses in Young and Aged Microenvironments
Authors: Yang Jun , Hawthorne Lauren , Stack Sharon , Blagg Brian , Ali Aktar , Zorlutuna Pinar 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAging is one of the most significant risk factors for breast cancer. With the growing interest in the alterations of the aging breast tissue microenvironment, it is identified that aging is related to tumorigenesis, invasion, and drug resistance. However, current pre‐clinical disease models often neglect the impact of aging and sometimes result in worse clinical outcomes. In this study, aged animal‐generated materials are utilized to create and validate a novel age‐mimetic breast cancer model that generates an aging microenvironment for cells and alters cells toward a more invasive phenotype found in the aged environment. Furthermore, the age‐mimetic models are utilized for 3D breast cancer invasion assessment and high‐throughput screening of over 700 drugs in the FDA‐approved drug library. 36 potential effective drug targets as well as 34 potential drug targets with different drug responses in different age groups are identified, demonstrating the potential of this age‐mimetic breast cancer model for further in‐depth breast cancer studies and drug development.
Super‐Resolution Goes Viral: T4 Virus Particles as Versatile 3D‐Bio‐NanoRulers
Authors: Gallea José Ignacio , Nevskyi Oleksii , Kaźmierczak Zuzanna , Gligonov Ivan , Chen Tao , Miernikiewicz Paulina , Chizhik Anna M. , Reinkensmeier Lenny , Dąbrowska Krystyna , Bates Mark , Enderlein Jörg 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn the burgeoning field of super‐resolution fluorescence microscopy, significant efforts are being dedicated to expanding its applications into the 3D domain. Various methodologies have been developed that enable isotropic resolution at the nanometer scale, facilitating the visualization of 3D subcellular structures with unprecedented clarity. Central to this progress is the need for reliable 3D structures that are biologically compatible for validating resolution capabilities. Choosing the optimal standard poses a considerable challenge, necessitating, among other attributes, precisely defined geometry and the capability for specific labeling at sub‐diffraction‐limit distances. In this context, the use of the non‐human‐infecting virus, bacteriophage T4 is introduced as an effective and straightforward bio‐ruler for 3D super‐resolution imaging. Employing DNA point accumulation for imaging in nanoscale topography (DNA‐PAINT) along with the technique of astigmatic imaging, the icosahedral capsid of the bacteriophage T4, measuring 120 nm in length and 86 nm in width, and its hollow viral tail is uncovered. This level of detail in light microscopy represents a significant advancement in T4 imaging. A simple protocol for the production and preparation of samples is further outlined. Moreover, the extensive potential of bacteriophage T4 as a multifaceted 3D bio‐ruler, proposing its application as a novel benchmark for 3D super‐resolution imaging in biological studies is explored.
Phase‐Engineered Bi‐RuO2 Single‐Atom Alloy Oxide Boosting Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysis in Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzer
Authors: Yang Zhichao , Ding Yutian , Chen Wen , Luo Shuiping , Cao Daofan , Long Xin , Xie Lei , Zhou Xincheng , Cai Xinyi , Liu Ke , Fu Xian‐Zhu , Luo Jing‐Li 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEngineering nanomaterials at single‐atomic sites can enable unprecedented catalytic properties for broad applications, yet it remains challenging to do so on RuO2‐based electrocatalysts for proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE). Herein, the rational design and construction of Bi‐RuO2 single‐atom alloy oxide (SAAO) are presented to boost acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER), via phase engineering a novel hexagonal close packed (hcp) RuBi single‐atom alloy. This Bi‐RuO2 SAAO electrocatalyst exhibits a low overpotential of 192 mV and superb stability over 650 h at 10 mA cm−2, enabling a practical PEMWE that needs only 1.59 V to reach 1.0 A cm−2 under industrial conditions. Operando differential electrochemical mass spectroscopy analysis, coupled with density functional theory studies, confirmed the adsorbate‐evolving mechanism on Bi‐RuO2 SAAO and that the incorporation of Bi1 improves the activity by electronic density optimization and the stability by hindering surface Ru demetallation. This work not only introduces a new strategy to fabricate high‐performance electrocatalysts at atomic‐level, but also demonstrates their potential use in industrial electrolyzers.
Unraveling Plasmonic Field Contributions in Catalysis with Au@Al2O3‐Pd‐Au@Al2O3 Trimer Arrays
Authors: Yao Lei , Wei Yunjia , Zhao Xing , Zhu Xiangnan , Chen Dexiang , Tang Xiao , Fan Xingce , Qiu Teng , Hao Qi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPlasmonic catalysis employs nanomaterials to mediate the conversion of photon energy into localized electromagnetic fields, hot carriers, and thermal energy, facilitating molecular transformations under mild conditions. Understanding the mechanisms governing plasmonic effects is crucial for optimizing the yield and selectivity in plasmonic catalysis. However, challenges persist in elucidating the role of plasmonic field effects due to the complex interactions among various contributing mechanisms. This study introduces Au@Al2O3‐Pd‐Au@Al2O3 trimer arrays to decouple plasmonic field effects from other influences. The alumina coating on the Au particles prevents charge transfer between gold and reactants, enabling focused examination of the field effects on Pd catalysts. Employing real‐time monitoring with liquid‐state surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), this work investigates the catalytic efficiency and kinetics of the C─C coupling reactions on palladium by tuning the near‐field strengths. Polarization‐dependent studies reveal that strong near‐field intensity around the trimer structures is amplified by ≈60‐fold under optimized conditions. The findings offer insights for optimizing catalytic reaction conditions and designing more effective composite plasmonic catalysts.
Hybrid Nanoantenna‐Nanopillar Si Schottky Photodetectors for Ultrawide Wavelength‐Tunable Photodetection
Authors: Yu Yang , Li Ziyuan , Zheng Ze , Choi Duk Yong , Xu Lei , Zhang Fanlu , Vora Kaushal , Vaidya Gayatri , Jin Weiqi , Rahmani Mohsen , Hattori Haroldo T. , Tan Hark Hoe , Jagadish Chennupati , Fu Lan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractActive optical antennas, a novel Schottky photodiode design, have drawn significant attention due to their advantages of near‐field enhancement and hot‐electrons generation for sub‐bandgap photodetection. However, the reported active antenna‐based Si Schottky photodetectors have shown low photoresponse in a limited wavelength range below 1650 nm. This work reports hybrid nanoantenna (NA)‐nanopillar (NP) Si Schottky photodetectors for ultrawide and wavelength‐tunable photodetection at room temperature, without using any optical filters. The designed hybrid nanostructure significantly enhances the electric dipole‐induced resonance in the NAs, leading to strong and wavelength‐tunable light absorption in a wide spectral range from 1200 to 2200 nm. Moreover, due to the strong plasmon resonance and 3D cavity effect in the hybrid nanostructure, room temperature responsivities of 0.46 A W−1 and 0.25 mA W−1, and detectivities of 2.24 × 1011 and 1.25 × 108 cm √Hz W−1 are obtained at 950 and 1700 nm, respectively. The device also features a high response speed of 7.2/7.6 ns (rise time/fall time) and 194/240 µs at 850 and 1310 nm, respectively. Such broadband, wavelength‐selective, and high‐speed hybrid NA‐NP Si Schottky photodetectors, with extended detection wavelength, are promising for Si‐based photonic systems for material identification, spectroscopy, imaging, and night vision applications.
Internalizing Psychiatric Symptoms in People With Mosaicism for Trisomy 21
Authors: Brown Ruth C. , D'Aguilar Allison , Hurshman Quinn , NailorZee Rebekah , York Timothy P. , Capone George , Amstadter Ananda B. , Jackson‐Cook Colleen 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPeople with mosaicism for trisomy 21 have been shown to exhibit many of the same phenotypic traits present in people with non‐mosaic Down syndrome, but with varying symptom severity. However, the behavioral phenotype of people with mosaic Down syndrome (mDS) has not been well characterized. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of self‐report and caregiver‐report symptoms of depression and anxiety among a sample of 62 participants with mDS aged 12–46 and assess their association with the percentage of trisomy 21 in blood and/or buccal mucosa cells. The overall MANCOVA revealed a significant effect of trisomy on the set of internalizing scales, controlling for age and gender (p = 0.038, partial eta2 = 0.22). However, follow‐up univariate analyses showed that the initial significant effect of trisomy on fear (p = 0.049, partial eta2 = 0.08) did not survive correction for multiple comparisons (adjusted p = 0.300). No other effects were significant. This study highlights the high occurrence of depression and anxiety symptoms in individuals with mDS and the need for routine assessment to optimize their care. It also demonstrates the ability of people with mDS to complete these evaluations, thereby supporting their inclusion in research studies/clinical trials.
Role of Dimethyl Sulfoxide Concentration on Hole Transport Mechanism and Efficiency of Hybrid Solar Cells
Authors: Krishnan Akhil , Ahmed Nafis , Bhargav P. Balaji , Prakash D. Gnana , Aravinth K. , Ramasamy P. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPEDOT:PSS‐Si hybrid solar cell fabrication technique is highly cost‐effective, performed at low temperatures, and easy to fabricate compared to other solar cell fabrication techniques such as PERC, HJT, IBC, perovskite, and multijunction solar cells. In this experimental and theoretical investigation, we studied the effect of additive concentration on hybrid solar cell performance. We prepared PEDOT:PSS dispersion solutions with various weight percentages of DMSO (5 wt%, 7 wt%, 12 wt%, and 17 wt%) and 0.2 wt% of Triton X‐100. We used dimethyl sulfoxide as an additive and analyzed the variation in carrier concentration of PEDOT:PSS. Additionally, we examined the conductivity of PEDOT:PSS and the absorbance of the PEDOT:PSS layer. Hall effect measurement was used to determine the carrier concentration of PEDOT:PSS and Si. AFM analysis helped in understanding the polymer structure, distribution, and domain formation. We fabricated PEDOT:PSS‐Si hybrid cells using different weight percentages of DMSO. Solar cells with 7 wt% and 5 wt% of DMSO yielded 7.26% and 7.31% of power conversion efficiency, respectively. Numerical simulation was conducted using SCAPS 1D, and the obtained results aligned well with the experimental outcomes.
Structure and Properties of Poly(Butylene Adipate‐Co‐Terephthalate)/Soybean Isolate Protein Composites With a Special Interface Structure
Authors: Yi Yazhou , Jian Kui , Zhang Yaqing , Wei Ningning , Ren Mingtian , Wu Qiangxian 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIt will significantly reduce carbon dioxide emissions by incorporating natural polymers into eco‐friendly composites. Improving compatibility in eco‐friendly composites is essential for enhancing their mechanical properties for broad applications. In this study, we synthesized a unique structured polyurethane prepolymer (PBAPU) and utilized it as a compatibilizer. We then mixed varying amounts of PBAPU with PBAT and SPI to produce a series of PBAT/SPI composites and subsequently investigated their structure and properties. The PBAT/SPI composites, with the addition of 15% compatibilizer, saw their tensile elongation increase by 207% and their impact strength improve by 236%, showing that the addition of PBAPU enhanced the mechanical properties of the composites. Furthermore, the scanning electron microscopy images revealed a reduction in cracks and gaps at the PBAT/SPI interface, with a more uniform dispersion, indicating a significant enhancement in the compatibility of the composites. The strong urethane linkage interactions between the PBAPU interfacial layer and SPI, as well as the crystalline PBA‐PBA interactions between the PBAPU interfacial layer and the PBAT matrix, are the reasons for the improved compatibility of the PBAT/SPI composites. Therefore, incorporating PBAPU with a special structure enhances the compatibility and performance of the PBAT/SPI composites.