bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beliefs, attitudes and practices towards scabies in central Ghana
Authors: Amoako Yaw Ampem , van Rietschoten Lotte Suzanne , Oppong Michael Ntiamoah , Amoako Kwabena Oppong , Abass Kabiru Mohammed , Anim Bernard Akoto , Laryea Dennis Odai , Phillips Richard Odame , Stienstra Ymkje 
Published: February 2023

Background
Scabies commonly affects poor populations in low-middle-income countries. The WHO has advocated for country-driven and country-owned control strategies. Knowledge of context specific issues will be important for design and implementation of scabies control interventions. We aimed to assess beliefs, attitudes and practices towards scabies in central Ghana.

Methodology/Principal findings
Data was collected via semi-structured questionnaires for people who had active scabies or scabies in the past year and people who never had scabies in the past. The questionnaire covered several domains: knowledge about the causes and risk factors; perceptions towards stigmatisation and consequences of scabies in daily life; and treatment practices. Out of 128 participants, 67 were in the (former) scabies group and had a mean age of 32.3 ± 15.6 years. Overall scabies group participants less often indicated a factor to predispose to scabies than community controls; only ‘family/friends contacts’ was more often mentioned in the scabies group. Scabies causation was attributed to poor hygiene, traditional beliefs, heredity and drinking water. Individuals with scabies delay care seeking (median time from symptom onset to visiting the health centre was 21 [14 – 30] days) and this delay is enhanced by their beliefs (like witchcraft and curses) and a perception of limited disease severity. Compared to past scabies participants in the dermatology clinic, participants with past scabies in the community tended to have a longer delay (median [IQR] 30 [14–48.8] vs 14 [9.5–30] days, p = 0.002). Scabies was associated with health consequences, stigma, and loss of productivity.

Conclusion/Significance
Early diagnosis and effective treatment of scabies can lead to persons less frequently associating scabies with witchcraft and/ or curses. There is the need to enhance health education to promote early care seeking, enhance knowledge of communities on impact and dispel negative perceptions about scabies in Ghana.
PENGARUH KONVEKSITAS TERHADAP SENSITIVITAS HARGA JUAL DAN DELTA-NORMAL VALUE AT RISK (VAR) PORTOFOLIO OBLIGASI PEMERINTAH MENGGUNAKAN DURASI EKSPONENSIAL
Authors: Devitasari Putri , Maruddani Di Asih I , Kartikasari Puspita 
Published: February 2023

Bonds are one of the investment instruments issued by the issuer as proof of debt. Bond investment is relatively safe, but it is possible for investors to experience losses. Investors should always consider that trading a bond is always risky. One of the important bond risks is interest risk. The concept of duration can only explain well for small changes in interest rates but cannot explain well for large changes in interest rates. The estimation of the duration concept will have a larger calculation error with the greater changes in market interest rates that occur so it is necessary to add convexity to improve accuracy. This study aims to estimate the risk of government bonds based on the estimation of bond prices with the effect of convexity. Several studies have shown that exponential duration can predict bond prices more accurately than Macau duration. Exponential duration with convexity will be applied in this study to measure the accurate value of bond prices caused by changes in interest rates. The Delta-Normal VaR portfolio method is used to calculate risk based on estimated bond prices in the form of a portfolio. The formation of this portfolio aims to reduce the losses suffered by investors. This method is applied to four Indonesian government bonds with codes FR0056, FR0059, FR0074, and FR0080. The results showed that the bonds portfolio FR0056 and FR0074 had the smallest risk compared to other portfolios with a weight proportion of 15% for bonds FR0056 and 85% for bonds FR0074.
Connections and genuinely ramified maps of curves
Authors: Biswas Indranil , Machu Francois-Xavier , Parameswaran A. J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Given a singular connection D on a vector bundle E over an irreducible smooth projective
curve X, defined over an algebraically closed field, we show that there is a unique maximal
subsheaf of E on which D induces a nonsingular connection. Given a generically smooth
map

ϕ
:

Y
→
X

{\phi:Y\rightarrow X}

between irreducible smooth projective
curves, and a singular connection

(
V
,
D
)

{(V,D)}

on Y, the direct image

ϕ
*

⁢
V

{\phi_{*}V}

has
a singular connection. Let

𝐑
⁢

(

ϕ
*

⁢

𝒪
Y

)

{\mathbf{R}(\phi_{*}{\mathcal{O}}_{Y})}

be the unique maximal subsheaf
on which the singular connection on

ϕ
*

⁢

𝒪
Y

{\phi_{*}{\mathcal{O}}_{Y}}

– corresponding
to the trivial connection on

𝒪
Y

{{\mathcal{O}}_{Y}}

– induces a nonsingular connection.
We prove that the homomorphism of étale fundamental groups

ϕ
*

:

π
1
et

⁢

(
Y
,

y
0

)

→

π
1
et

⁢

(
X
,

ϕ
⁢

(

y
0

)

)

{\phi_{*}:\pi_{1}^{\rm et}(Y,y_{0})\rightarrow\pi_{1}^{\rm et}(X,\phi(y_{0}))}

induced by
ϕ is surjective if and only if

𝒪
X

⊂

𝐑
⁢

(

ϕ
*

⁢

𝒪
Y

)

{{\mathcal{O}}_{X}\subset\mathbf{R}(\phi_{*}{\mathcal{O}}_{Y})}

is the unique maximal
semistable subsheaf.
When the characteristic of the base field is zero, this homomorphism

ϕ
*

{\phi_{*}}

is surjective if and only if

𝒪
X

=

𝐑
⁢

(

ϕ
*

⁢

𝒪
Y

)

{{\mathcal{O}}_{X}=\mathbf{R}(\phi_{*}{\mathcal{O}}_{Y})}

. For any nonsingular connection D on a vector bundle V over X, there
is a natural map

V
↪

𝐑
⁢

(

ϕ
*

⁢

ϕ
*

⁢
V

)

{V\hookrightarrow\mathbf{R}(\phi_{*}\phi^{*}V)}

. When the characteristic of the base field is
zero, we prove that the map ϕ is genuinely ramified if and only if

V
=

𝐑
⁢

(

ϕ
*

⁢

ϕ
*

⁢
V

)

{V=\mathbf{R}(\phi_{*}\phi^{*}V)}

.
A classification of finite primitive IBIS groups with alternating socle
Authors: Lee Melissa , Spiga Pablo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Let 𝐺 be a finite permutation group on Ω.
An ordered sequence

(

ω
1

,
…
,

ω
ℓ

)

(\omega_{1},\ldots,\omega_{\ell})

of elements of Ω is an irredundant base for 𝐺 if the pointwise stabilizer is trivial and no point is fixed by the stabilizer of its predecessors.
If all irredundant bases of 𝐺 have the same cardinality, 𝐺 is said to be an IBIS group.
Lucchini, Morigi and Moscatiello have proved a theorem reducing the problem of classifying finite primitive IBIS groups 𝐺 to the case that the socle of 𝐺 is either abelian or non-abelian simple.
In this paper, we classify the finite primitive IBIS groups having socle an alternating group.
Moreover, we propose a conjecture aiming to give a classification of all almost simple primitive IBIS groups.
Evidential-perceptual transfer by a blind speaker? Or: what do the Ladakhi markers for “visual” and “non-visual” perceptual experience, ḥdug and rag, actually encode?
Authors: Zeisler Bettina 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A typical trait of the modern Tibetic languages is that speakers obligatorily encode the knowledge base for their statements: whether they have intimate and/or authoritative knowledge of a situation, whether they have merely perceived a situation, whether they have merely inferred (or presumed etc.) a situation, whether they have second-hand knowledge, or even whether their knowledge is shared with the addressee or the larger community. In most of the Tibetic languages, speakers do not differentiate between different perceptual channels. By contrast, in most of the Ladakhi dialects, speakers appear to differentiate between visual perception, using the auxiliary ḥdug (or snaṅ), and sense perception through other channels, using the auxiliary rag. This opposition needs to be reanalysed based on the observation of how a congenitally blind speaker deals with these two options and upon certain unexpected choices made by non-handicapped speakers.
Phosphatidic acid–regulated SOS2 controls sodium and potassium homeostasis in Arabidopsis under salt stress
Authors: Li Jianfang , Shen Like , Han Xiuli , He Gefeng , Fan Wenxia , Li Yu , Yang Shiping , Zhang Ziding , Yang Yongqing , Jin Weiwei , Wang Yi , Zhang Wenhua , Guo Yan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe maintenance of sodium/potassium (Na+/K+) homeostasis in plant cells is essential for salt tolerance. Plants export excess Na+ out of cells mainly through the Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) pathway, activated by a calcium signal; however, it is unknown whether other signals regulate the SOS pathway and how K+ uptake is regulated under salt stress. Phosphatidic acid (PA) is emerging as a lipid signaling molecule that modulates cellular processes in development and the response to stimuli. Here, we show that PA binds to the residue Lys57 in SOS2, a core member of the SOS pathway, under salt stress, promoting the activity and plasma membrane localization of SOS2, which activates the Na+/H+ antiporter SOS1 to promote the Na+ efflux. In addition, we reveal that PA promotes the phosphorylation of SOS3‐like calcium‐binding protein 8 (SCaBP8) by SOS2 under salt stress, which attenuates the SCaBP8‐mediated inhibition of Arabidopsis K+ transporter 1 (AKT1), an inward‐rectifying K+ channel. These findings suggest that PA regulates the SOS pathway and AKT1 activity under salt stress, promoting Na+ efflux and K+ influx to maintain Na+/K+ homeostasis.
Performance of the supervised generative classifiers of spatio-temporal areal data using various spatial autocorrelation indexes
Authors: Karaliutė Marta , Dučinskas Kęstutis 
Published: February 2023

This article is concerned with a generative approach to supervised classification of spatio-temporal data collected at fixed areal units and modeled by Gaussian Markov random field. We focused on the classifiers based on Bayes discriminant functions formed by the log-ratio of the class conditional likelihoods. As a novel modeling contribution, we propose to use decision threshold values induced by three popular spatial autocorrelation indexes, i.e., Moran’s I, Geary’s C and Getis–Ord G. The goal of this study is to extend the recent investigations in the context of geostatistical and hidden Markov Gaussian models to one in the context of areal Gaussian Markov models. The classifiers performance measures are chosen to be the average accuracy rate, which shows the percentage of correctly classified test data, balanced accuracy rate specified by the average of sensitivity and specificity and the geometric mean of sensitivity and specificity. The proposed methodology is illustrated using annual death rate data collected by the Institute of Hygiene of the Republic of Lithuania from the 60 unicipalities in the period from 2001 to 2019. Classification model selection procedure is illustrated on three data sets with class labels specified by the threshold to mortality index due to acute cardiovascular event, malignant neoplasms and diseases of the circulatory system. Presented critical comparison among proposed approach classifiers with various spatial autocorrelation indexes (decision threshold values) and classifier based hidden Markov model can aid in the selection of proper classification techniques for the spatio-temporal areal data.
Практична філософія Григорія Сковороди і сучасність: до 300-річчя від дня народження
Authors: Єрмоленко Анатолій Миколайович 
Published: February 2023

У доповіді зазначено, що філософія Григорія Сковороди є значущим явищем української культури, важливим чинником становлення та розвитку ідентичності українського народу і при цьому відповідає провідним світовим тенденціям сучасної практичної філософії. Сьогодні, на нинішньому етапі розвитку технологічної цивілізації, практична філософія діалогу Сковороди з приматом етичних цінностей набуває особливої актуальності, адже вкрай важливий аспект його спадщини полягає в тому, що він кидає виклик суспільству споживання, а шлях самопізнання, за Сковородою, означає розрізнення справжніх і позірних цінностей людського життя, відмову від усього зайвого і неважливого, гармонійні стосунки з іншими людьми і природою.
Цитування: Єрмоленко А.М. Практична філософія Григорія Сковороди і сучасність: до 300-річчя від дня народження. Вісник НАН України. 2023. № 2. С. 62—74. https://doi.org/10.15407/visn2023.02.062
TEORI KELAS SOSIAL DAN MARXSME KARL MARX
Authors: Hendriwani Subur 
Published: February 2023

Abstrak: Karl Marx (1818-1883) memandang bahwa sejatinya aktor utama yang berperan penting dalam kelangsungan hidup suatu masyarakat adalah kelas-kelas sosial. Keterasingan yang dialami manusia pun sesungguhnya adalah hasil penindasan satu kelas oleh kelas lainnya. Untuk menghapuskan tindakan eksploitatif tersebut, Karl Marx mengemukakan perjuangan atau revolusi kelas. Karl Marx yakin bahwa kelas-kelas yang terbentuk pada suatu masyarakat dapat dihapuskan dengan revolusi tersebut sehingga keadilan pun dapat ditegakkan kembali. Dan pemikiran-pemikiran politik dan ekonomi Karl Marx tersebut juga dianggap sebagai ancaman terhadap kapitalisme Barat, khususnya pada periode sebelum Perang Dingin usai pada sekitar awal tahun 1980. Kata Kunci: Masyarakat, Kelas-Kelas Sosal, Kapitalsme.
La relación de los contextos de aprendizaje “abierto” versus “cerrado” con las abordajes de aprendizaje de los estudiantes rurales de primer ciclo
Authors: Duarte António Manuel , Figueira Ana Isa 
Published: February 2023

RESUMENEl objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la relación entre las “abordajes de aprendizaje” (i.e., la combinación de la motivación y las estrategiasutilizadas en el aprendizaje) de los estudiantes rurales del primer ciclo de educación básica y el contexto del aula donde esto se lleva a cabo. Para la recogida de datos se llevaron a cabo entrevistas estructuradas con una muestra de los estudiantes sobre su abordaje de aprendizaje. También se caracterizaron sus ambientes de aprendizaje en el aula, a través de un cuestionario aplicado a sus propios maestros. Para una análisis general de la relación entre el contexto de aprendizaje con las abordajes de aprendizaje se llevó a cabo el teste Mann-Whitney para dos muestras independientes. En un análisis más discriminante, se calculó el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman entre los componentes particulares de esas dos variables. Los resultados apuntan a la existencia de una asociación entre una mayor exposición a un contexto de aprendizaje “abierto” (i.e., , centrado en los estudiantes) y el mayor uso por ellos de una abordaje de profundidad de aprendizaje (i.e., aprendizaje activa).Palabras Clave: abordajes de aprendizaje; contexto de aprendizaje; educación rural; territorio rural.ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between elementary rural students’ “approaches to learning” (i.e., the combination of motivation and strategies used in learning) and their classrooms’ learning context. A sample of elementary students participated by answering to a structured interview on approach to learning while their teachers answered to a questionnaire on classrooms’ learning environment. For a general analysis of the relationship between learning context and approaches to learning a Mann-Whitney test for two independent samples was conducted. In a more discriminated analysis, it was also calculated the Spearman correlation between particular components of those two variables. Results point to the existence of an association between a higher exposure to an “open” learning context (i.e., student centred) and higher use of a “deep” approach to learning (i.e., active learning).Keywords: approaches to learning; learning context; rural education; rural territory.
Üniversitede Akademik Kariyer Yapma ile Toplumsal Cinsiyet Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: AKTUNA Gamze , ERDOST Türküler , ÖZVARIŞ Şevkat Bahar 
Published: February 2023

Amaç: Bu araştırma, bir üniversitede, akademik kariyer yapma ile toplumsal cinsiyet arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür.
Yöntem: Araştırma, Ankara’da bir üniversitede çalışan akademisyenler ile gerçekleştirilmiş olup tanımlayıcı niteliktedir. Araştırmada herhangi bir örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmamış, e-posta ile 68 sorudan oluşan çevrimiçi veri toplama formu akademisyenlere gönderilmiştir. Toplanan veriler, SPSS 23 istatistik programında tanımlayıcı testler, parametrik ve non-parametrik hipotez testleri ile değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya, %43’ü araştırma görevlisi olan 117 kadın, 43 erkek akademisyen katılmıştır. Katılımcıların, %69’u akademik yaşamında ayrımcılığın en az bir türüne maruz kaldığını belirtmiştir. Kadınların %66,4’ü akademide kadın olmanın dezavantaj olduğu düşüncesindedir. Hane içi iş yükünde mutfak işlerine ve temizlik işlerine ayrılan süre kadınlarda erkeklere göre anlamlı derecede fazladır (p
Sulfato de zinc como adyuvante al tratamiento del niño hospitalizado por neumonía. Ensayo clínico
Authors: Kassisse EL Hage Elias Ibrahim , Rodriguez Rodriguez Ysbelice , Mayo Marquez Nelly 
Published: February 2023

INTRODUCCIÓN: Los resultados con respecto al uso del zinc en los niños hospitalizados por neumonía siguen siendo contradictorios.OBJETIVO: Demostrar la eficacia del zinc como adyuvante.MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Ensayo clínico aleatorizado doble ciego en menores de 5 años. Se administró sulfato de zinc o placebo por vía bucal. Los niños recibieron 10mg/día o 20mg/día de zinc según su edad, administrados durante 14 días. Se registraron variables clínicas y de laboratorio, al ingreso, a las 72 horas y a los 7 días. La muestra consistió en 100 pacientes por grupo. La variable primaria fue el tiempo necesario para la resolución de la neumonía y las secundarias, el tiempo para la resolución de los indicadores clínicos, falla terapéutica y los efectos adversos. Las variables fueron contrastadas mediante la prueba t de Student o prueba de Mann-Whitney y la prueba χ2. La significancia estadística fue considerada con valor de p <0,05.RESULTADOS: En el grupo que recibió zinc se registró menor tiempo de resolución de la neumonía 72 vs 120 horas (p<0,001), así como de las horas necesarias para normalizar cada indicador clínico de neumonía (p<;0,001). Igualmente la estadía hospitalaria fue mucho menor [(mediana 5(4,8-5,2) vs 9(8,3-9,7) (p<0,001)] como también el riesgo de falla terapéutica, el riesgo relativo fue 0,17 IC 95(0,07-0,38) p<0,0001. No hubo diferencias significativas en la aparición de efectos adversos [riesgo relativo 1,67 IC 95 (0,77-3,63)].CONCLUSIÓN: La adición de zinc a la terapia general en los niños con neumonía demostró ser eficaz sin eventos adversos relevantes.
Impacto en la salud mental de los niños y adolescentes ante la pandemia por COVID-19
Authors: Sánchez Guerrero Oscar , Palma Muñoz Sarah , Molina Valdespino Diana , Sandoval Contestábile Edwin 
Published: February 2023

La pandemia por COVID-19 ha conllevado un impacto a la salud mental en la población convirtiéndose en un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial. El mundo se ha visto afectado en todas las esferas: sociales, políticas y económicas, causando un gran impacto en la salud física y mental y numerosas pérdidas humanas.Los niños y adolescentes fueron una población especialmente vulnerable, por las vicisitudes que conllevó la pandemia, tanto para su desarrollo psíquico, como para su interacción social, además del impacto biológico del estrés a nivel neuroendócrino y la emergencia de alteraciones neuropsiquiátricas, que se han evidenciado cada vez más en diversos reportes de la literatura, sin conocerse aún con exactitud las secuelas a largo plazo.El objetivo de esta revisión es presentar las causas y los niveles de impacto en el desarrollo psicosocial y las alteraciones neuropsiquiátricas en los niños y adolescentes, así como de los factores individuales y familiares que pueden predisponer a reacciones emocionales, cognitivas y conductuales en la población pediátrica, para brindar una comprensión integral de la problemática de la salud mental por la pandemia en la población pediátrica.
Comparison study of the agricultural subsidy policy applied by Ecuador and Hungary in the last 10 years
Authors: Lourdes Ordonez Maria , Kovács Krisztián 
Published: February 2023

Agricultural subsidies have long been a consistent concern of government policies; they influence the use of resources for pursuing different goals in this sector. In this research, we are making a comparison study of the agricultural subsidy policies of Ecuador and Hungary in the last ten years by a comparative analysis applied for empirical generalization to explain and get a better understanding of the subsidies used in the two countries. The results show an enormous advantage for Hungary compared to Ecuador regarding the agricultural subsidies. Since they are part of the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union, Hungary's subsidies are institutionalized and planned in the long term within a series of programs financed by the EU and national funds. While in Ecuador, agricultural policies exist as a general framework, and the governing body manages the subsidies through programs and projects that do not remain over time and depend on the current political situation in the country. In the same way, the data collected reflects that although the share of the agricultural sector in Ecuador's GDP is higher than in Hungary, the subsidy amounts for this sector are 36% lower than in Hungary.

JEL CODE: Q13
Decent Employment and Poverty Alleviation for Socio-Economic Development and Its Implications for the Well-Being of the Citizenry in South Africa
Authors: OLABIYI OLANIYI JOSHUA 
Published: February 2023

The need for governments and private employers to adequately provide decent work within the economy for all its inhabitants cannot be over-emphasized. This imperative is even more important since most obtainable work have been characterized by many detrimental dimensions which can be considered as constituting ‘indecent employment’. From the viewpoint of human development, the paper examines how ‘decent employment’ can serve as an antidote to poverty. Thus, decent employment can positively affect both material and non-material social development which include health, education, social security, food security and overall well-being.. The present paper is borne out of the desire to empower the average South African citizen in specifically attaining an improved socio-economic living standard. This paper employs a qualitative, thematic analysis of selected reported cases of perceived ‘indecent’ or non-meaningful employment from both informal and formal sectors’ Additionally, this paper highlights instances in which employees have experienced challenges in getting ‘dignified’ or decent employments as a result of casualization, outsourcing, short-term contracts, and temporary employments. This interpretive, qualitative approach was adopted to put forward a somewhat empirical evidence of the potential beneficial effect of decent employment on human and socio-economic development. The main contribution of this paper is that it foregrounds the need for decent employment of the workforce in addressing the three-pronged societal challenges of unemployment, inequality and poverty. The paper posits that decent employment significantly contributes to national socio-economic development and poverty alleviation or eradication.