bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lived experiences of Oxford House residents prescribed medication‐assisted treatment
Authors: Soto‐Nevarez Arturo , Abo Mary , Hudson Mackenzie , Bobak Ted , Jason Leonard A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractQualitative studies have examined the recovery experiences of individuals prescribed medication‐assisted treatment (MAT), including their experiences within treatment facilities. However, the literature lacks qualitative studies exploring the recovery process of individuals prescribed MAT while living in recovery housing, such as Oxford House (OH). The purpose of this study was to explore how OH residents, who are prescribed MAT, make sense of recovery. The fact that OHs are drug‐free recovery housing is what makes the issue of using MATs potentially contentious in these settings. Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was used to document the lived experiences of individuals prescribed MAT in OH. The sample included: five women and three men, prescribed either methadone or Suboxone, that were living in an OH in the United States. Participants were interviewed on four topics: their recovery process, their transition to OH, and their experience living in and outside of an OH. Analysis of results followed the recommendations for IPA from Smith, Flowers, and Larkin. Four general themes emerged from the data: Recovery Process, Managing Logistics of MAT Utilization, Personal Development, and Familial Values. In conclusion, individuals prescribed MAT did benefit from living in an OH to manage their recovery as well as stay compliant with their medication.
Equitable oriented coloring
Authors: Dybizbański Janusz 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we consider equitable oriented colorings of graphs. Such coloring is a natural combination of two well‐known colorings: oriented coloring and equitable coloring. An oriented ‐coloring of an oriented graph is an arc‐preserving homomorphism from into an oriented graph on vertices, or colors. We say that the coloring is equitable if for every two colors , we have . This paper presents the following results: we show that there is an undirected graph such that every orientation of is equitably oriented 5‐colorable, and we show that there is an orientation of that cannot be colored with six colors. In other words, there is a gap in the set of numbers of colors that can be used for equitable oriented coloring of . Additionally, we concentrate on paths and show that there is an orientation of a path that requires four colors to be equitably oriented colorable. On the other hand, we show that every orientation of any path is equitably oriented ‐colorable, for every .
Pulmonary infection in patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: A multicentre observational study
Authors: Zuo Yan , Wang Heming , Huang Jiaxiang , Zhang Fang , Lv Dongmei , Meng Tao , Bibi Asma , Shen Jilong , Wang Lianzi , Wang Zhongxin , Xu Yuanhong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCo‐infection in patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) has been reported, posing a serious threat to survival and treatment. We aimed to systematically investigate the SFTS associated pulmonary infection, particularly invasive pulmonary fungal infection (IPFI). During April 2019 to October 2021, we conducted a multicentre observational study on adult hospitalized patients confirmed with SFTS from three tertiary hospital in central China. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data of patients were collected and re‐assessed. A total of 443 patients (51.7% were male sex) were included for analysis with median age of 65‐year‐old. Among them, 190 (42.9%) patients met the criteria for pulmonary infection. Pulmonary infection was associated with shorter survival time (p < 0.0001 by log‐rank test), and adjusted hazard ratio was 1.729 [95% confidence interval, 1.076–2.780] (p = 0.024). Age (odds ratio (OR) 1.040 [1.019–1.062], p < 0.001), time from onset to admission (OR 1.163 [1.070–1.264], p < 0.001), having severe status (OR 3.166 [2.020–4.962], p < 0.001) and symptoms of skin change (OR 2.361 [1.049–5.316], p < 0.001) at admission and receiving intravenous immunoglobin (OR 2.185 [1.337–3.569], p = 0.002) were independent risk factors for the occurrence of pulmonary infection. A total of 70 (15.8%) patients were defined as IPFI. Multivariate analysis showed that time from onset to admission (OR 1.117 [1.016–1.229], p = 0.022), severe status (OR 5.737 [3.054–10.779], p < 0.001), having smoking history (OR 3.178 [1.251–8.070], p = 0.015) and autoimmunity disease (OR 7.855 [1.632–37.796], p = 0.010), receiving intravenous immunoglobin (OR 3.270 [1.424–7.508], p = 0.005) were independent risk factors for the occurrence of IPFI. In SFTS patients with pulmonary infection, white blood count <2.09 × 109 per L (OR 11.064 [3.708–33.012], p < 0.001) and CD3+CD4+ T cell count <104.0 per μL (OR 10.429 [3.395–32.038], p < 0.001) could independently predict IPFI. This study showed the high prevalence and poor outcomes of pulmonary infection and IPFI in patients with SFTS. These findings highlighted the need for active surveillance of fungal pathogens and early antifungal treatment in patients with SFTS.
Estimation of future extreme rainfall in Barcelona (Spain) under monofractal hypothesis
Authors: Monjo Robert , Locatelli Luca , Milligan John , Torres Luis , Velasco Marc , Gaitán Emma , Pórtoles Javier , Redolat Darío , Russo Beniamino , Ribalaygua Jaime 
Published: March 2023

AbstractClimate change effects on subdaily rainfall (from 5 min to a few hours) can hardly be measured in mid‐latitude climates due to the high natural variability of the precipitation patterns and their effects on local topography. The goal of this study was to obtain change projections of intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) curves, for up to 2‐h precipitation events, comparing two approaches that use the daily outputs of the downscaled Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) multi‐model projections: (a) direct scaling of the expected probable precipitation, from 2‐year to 500‐year return periods of daily rainfall and (b) a new semi‐stochastic approach, built by combining the physically forced outputs of climate models (on a daily scale) and stochastic simulation given by the probability distribution of a concentration index (n‐index) for individual rainfall events (on a subdaily scale). The approaches were applied to a set of 27 stations located around Barcelona, Spain, including a long reference series (with 5‐min rainfall records since 1927), representing the highly variable Mediterranean climate. The validation process showed a systematic error (bias) generally smaller than 10%, especially for rainfall extreme events with durations of less than 2 h. The concentration n‐index and IDF curves were projected by 10 downscaled CMIP5 climate models under 2 emission scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5), obtaining a consensual increase in both relative concentration and absolute intensities in Barcelona. Ensemble projection of rainfall concentration (n‐index) showed an increase up to 10% by 2071–2100 and about 20% (15%–30% range) for maximum intensities of 2‐year to 500‐year return periods. Results provide robustness in decision‐making regarding the design of stormwater management infrastructure at a local scale.
Evaluation of carbonification of coals using a portable Raman spectrometer
Authors: Culka Adam , Jehlička Jan , Opluštil Stanislav 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe estimation of the degree of carbonification of coals can be investigated using the Raman microspectroscopy applied for the analysis of grains of selected macerals (altered remains of organic particles). This approach allows for the best control of the analyses such as precise selection and orientation of the maceral grains to be analysed. On the other hand, the miniaturized, especially handheld Raman spectrometers typically offer a significantly less controlled environment with the issues including large laser spot sizes and the focusing issues. However, the advantages of the miniaturized spectrometers include fast analyses and the possibility of in situ analyses. This study illustrates that it is possible to discriminate among the coals of different degrees of maturation of the carbonaceous matter and other types of carbonaceous matter using the data acquired with a portable Raman spectrometer using spectroscopic parameters: D and G band widths and wavenumber positions. The issues inherent to the analyses of such heterogeneous materials such as coals using a portable spectrometer were addressed. Moreover, the variability in the Raman spectroscopic backgrounds of a wide range of coals from lignite to anthracite necessitated the utilization of a robust background removal function. This study shows that modern portable Raman spectrometers with the appropriate excitation are capable of basic discrimination among the different types of carbonaceous matter, with implications towards fast in situ analyses of carbonaceous matter in rocks as an additional tool for a geologist.
A group key exchange and secure data sharing based on privacy protection for federated learning in edge‐cloud collaborative computing environment
Authors: Song Wenjun , Liu Mengqi , Baker Thar , Zhang Qikun , Tan Yu‐an 
Published: March 2023

SummaryFederated learning (FL) is widely used in internet of things (IoT) scenarios such as health research, automotive autopilot, and smart home systems. In the process of model training of FL, each round of model training requires rigorous decryption training and encryption uploading steps. The efficiency of FL is seriously affected by frequent encryption and decryption operations. A scheme of key computation and key management with high efficiency is urgently needed. Therefore, we propose a group key agreement technique to keep private information and confidential data from being leaked, which is used to encrypt and decrypt the transmitted data among IoT terminals. The key agreement scheme includes hidden attribute authentication, multipolicy access, and ciphertext storage. Key agreement is designed with edge‐cloud collaborative network architecture. Firstly, the terminal generates its own public and private keys through the key algorithm then confirms the authenticity and mapping relationship of its private and public keys to the cloud server. Secondly, IoT terminals can confirm their cryptographic attributes to the cloud and obtain the permissions corresponding to each attribute by encrypting the attributes. The terminal uses these permissions to encrypt the FL model parameters and uploads the secret parameters to the edge server. Through the storage of the edge server, these ciphertext decryption parameters are shared with the other terminal models of FL. Finally, other terminal models are trained by downloading and decrypting the shared model parameters for the purpose of FL. The performance analysis shows that this model has a better performance in computational complexity and computational time compared with the cited literature.
Stakeholder perspectives on the prospect of lynx Lynx lynx reintroduction in Scotland
Authors: Bavin David , MacPherson Jenny , Crowley Sarah L. , McDonald Robbie A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Conservation translocations are complex and challenging, but are frequently employed to tackle biodiversity decline. Large predator translocations can be particularly emotive and contentious, in part because they present actual or perceived risks to the safety and livelihoods of people. Understanding the social feasibility of conservation translocations is imperative, and provides opportunities to identify and address these risks.

In Britain, the Eurasian lynx Lynx lynx is the most frequently raised prospect for large carnivore reintroduction. We used Q‐Methodology to explore stakeholder perspectives on the prospect of lynx reintroduction to Scotland.

We identified five perspectives: Lynx for Change was supportive of lynx reintroduction, feeling that lynx could facilitate ecosystem restoration. Lynx for Economy was also supportive, anticipating economic benefits to local communities. No to Lynx was strongly opposed, perceiving that humans were fulfilling the roles of absent large carnivores. Scotland is not Ready supported the conversation but perceived prohibitive socio‐ecological barriers. We are not Convinced was not satisfied that an adequate case for biodiversity gain had been made, but was open to further exploration of the potential.

There were important areas of divergence among the perspectives over the potential impacts on sheep farming and the degree to which environments should be managed by people or encouraged to self‐regulate. There was a consensus on a lack of trust between stakeholder groups, which was primarily rooted in participants' experiences of previous wildlife reintroductions and the contemporary management of recovering predators. However, there was also consensus that, should lynx reintroduction continue to be explored, a participatory, cross‐sectoral approach could address these trust issues, help manage existing and emergent conflicts, and build knowledge collaboratively.

We provide a foundation for future dialogue between stakeholders over the prospective reintroduction of the lynx to Scotland and recommend a stakeholder‐focused participatory process as the next step. Our findings have wider relevance for wildlife reintroductions, species recovery and conservation conflicts elsewhere.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
An open‐source parameterized life cycle model to assess the environmental performance of silicon‐based photovoltaic systems
Authors: Besseau Romain , Tannous Scarlett , Douziech Mélanie , Jolivet Raphaël , Prieur‐Vernat Anne , Clavreul Julie , Payeur Marie , Sauze Marie , Blanc Isabelle , Pérez‐López Paula 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDespite being renewable, photovoltaic energy is not burden‐free, since energy and materials are necessary to manufacture, maintain, dismantle, and recycle photovoltaic systems. Over its life cycle, the assessed carbon footprint of silicon‐based photovoltaic energy published in the literature often ranges from 40 to 110 gCO2eq/kWh. However, most of these estimations rely on life cycle inventory (LCI) data that represent the early‐stage performance of the photovoltaic industry. Indeed, collecting LCI data is time‐consuming and practitioners often reuse existing outdated data, which becomes problematic as the photovoltaic industry has been rapidly and significantly evolving. This analysis relies on the parametrization of existing LCI data to better account for the progress already accomplished by the photovoltaic industry. A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) model, called PARASOL_LCA, is thus developed. The results of the analysis highlight that the use of outdated LCI data leads to an overestimation of environmental impacts of photovoltaic energy by a factor of 2 or even more for the best current available technologies. The analysis also shows that PARASOL_LCA, with its numerous parameters, can also serve to assess the environmental performance of prospective photovoltaic technologies and to identify impact reduction levers through sensitivity analysis.
KI-basierte Analyse des Einflusses von Wetter auf die Fahrgeschwindigkeiten von Fernbussen und Lastkraftwagen
Authors: Plavcan David , Lukau Eridy , Klafft Michael , Piening Moritz 
Published: March 2023

Zusammenfassung
Kenntnisse der Zusammenhänge zwischen Wetterbedingungen und Fahrgeschwindigkeiten verbessern die Planbarkeit und Reaktionsfähigkeit im Bereich der Güterlogistik und des öffentlichen Personenverkehrs und können so genutzt werden, um die Kundenzufriedenheit zu verbessern. Ziel ist es dabei, mit Hilfe möglichst genauer Wetterprognosen zu erwartende Beeinträchtigungen frühzeitig zu identifizieren und so die Auswirkungen derselben zu reduzieren. Dieser Beitrag untersucht den Einfluss des Wetters auf die Fahrgeschwindigkeiten von Lastkraftwagen und Fernbussen. Genauer werden zwei Ansätze aus dem Bereich der künstlichen Intelligenz angewandt, um zum einen wetterbedingte Ankunftszeitprognosen zu erstellen und zum anderen Frühwarnungen vor wetterbedingten Verzögerungen zu generieren. Die Ergebnisse der Modelle bestätigen einen negativen Einfluss von Neuschnee und Starkregen auf die Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeiten, wohingegen andere Wetterparameter wie z. B. Wind nur einen marginalen Einfluss auf die Fahrgeschwindigkeiten im Untersuchungsgebiet hatten. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass die genutzten Modelle geeignet sind, sowohl Navigationssysteme als auch intelligente Frühwarnsysteme zu verbessern.
Bedürfnis einer Modifikation des beihilferechtlichen Prüfungsmaßstabs im Steuerrecht
Authors: Peschke Thomas 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungIn der jüngeren Vergangenheit ist das Steuerrecht stärker in das Visier der EU-Beihilfenaufsicht geraten. Dabei richtet sich die für die Beihilfenaufsicht zuständige Kommission sowohl gegen Steuergesetze als auch gegen Einzelmaßnahmen der nationalen Steuerbehörden . Ganz aktuell stellt sich zudem die Frage, ob eine Verwaltungspraxis der Steuerbehörden zu einer rechtswidrigen Beihilfe führen kann.
Integrated Spatial Ecosystem Services Valuation Approach with Community Participation in a Social Forestry Scheme
Authors: Sampurno Dheny 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn 2016, the Indonesian government established seven village forests in East Tebing Tinggi Sub-district, Riau Province. These social forestry schemes grant rights to the local society to manage communal land for ecological and livelihood benefits. To do this, they need to identify and value the products and services of the natural resource assets. This study conducts a rapid spatial assessment for an ecosystem service valuation with the participation of local representatives, demonstrating that the integration of a spatial approach and local participation is scientifically implementable for the village forest authority. Using the peat ecosystem services approach, the study estimates that seven village forests contain approximately 36.2 million tons of carbon stocks from the peat soil and peat forest biomass in the form of regulating services. Supporting services are evident in the government’s regulation of ecological conditions based on its designation of peat ecosystem function. The agro-ecosystem of sago plantations for food production offers provisioning services. Local residents and governments support the potential of ecotourism to enhance socio-cultural value via cultural services. All these services demonstrate how the environmental returns for both local livelihoods and a sustainable ecosystem are possible to achieve at the local level. However, support from governments and organizations is required to ensure that local communities can continue to hold the communal land right.
Conclusion
Authors: Osawa Takamasa , Prasetyawan Wahyu , Binawan Akhwan , Okamoto Masaaki 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe issues, stakeholders, and solutions related to the peatland problem cannot be easily defined or easily addressed. The problem can thus be seen as one of today’s “wicked problems,” which have no true or false solutions, but rather better or worse ones. In addressing this kind of problem, academic researchers and NGO staff can play an important role to identify social and ecological issues and their inter-relationships, and to facilitate communication among local residents and other stakeholders. These activities should be done as continuous and flexible collaboration with local communities to find the better solutions to the peatland problem—or to realize a better future for society—together with those involved in the problem. This is the transdisciplinary approach that the authors seek.
Selling Peatland for the Future: History, Land Management, and the Transformation of Common Land in Rantau Baru
Authors: Osawa Takamasa , Binawan Akhwan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRantau Baru, an old fishing village on the bank of the Kampar River in Indonesia, is surrounded by peat hinterlands. The village territory has been recognized by previous local states for hundreds of years, and the villagers have managed it as ancestral common space based on a matrilineal system and headmanship. However, since the 1990s, acacia and oil palm companies have encroached on the peatlands of the traditional territory. In this situation, many villagers have either sold or plan to sell peat hinterlands in the village territory. How has their ancestral territory transformed into tradable land, and why have they chosen to sell it? What is the relationship between the traditional values of customary space and the adoption of the perspective of land as a commodity? Based on historical research on local land governance and a present-day household survey of land use and attitudes toward peat space, this chapter argues that the privatization of peatlands has transformed a once-common space into a commodity. Villagers sell peatland to actualize its potential amid anxiety and economic difficulty to contribute to the stable future of their descendants.
More on Kakeya Conditions for Achievement Sets
Authors: Miska Piotr , Prus-Wiśniowski Franciszek , Ptak Jolanta 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe identify an incorrect estimate in the proof of one of principal theorems from Marchwicki and Miska (Results Math, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00025-021-01479-2) and demonstrate that the original construction of a special series with unique subsums remains valid when using a weaker estimate that we prove to be true. Additionally, we present a weaker version—without the uniqueness of subsums—of the Thm. 2.1 from Marchwicki and Miska (2021), but with a very simple proof based on the concept of semi-fast convergent series.
Real-time changepoint detection in a nonlinear expectile model
Authors: Ciuperca Gabriela , Maciak Matúš , Pešta Michal 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAn online changepoint detection procedure based on conditional expectiles is introduced. The key contribution is threefold: nonlinearity of the underlying model improves the overall flexibility while a parametric form of the unknown regression function preserves a simple and straightforward interpretation; The conditional expectiles, well-known in econometrics for being the only coherent and elicitable risk measure, introduce additional robustness—especially with respect to asymmetric error distributions common in various types of data; The proposed statistical test is proved to be consistent and the distribution under the null hypothesis does not depend on the functional form of the underlying model nor the unknown parameters. Empirical properties of the proposed real-time changepoint detection test are investigated in a simulation study and a practical applicability is illustrated using the Covid-19 prevalence data from Prague.