bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FORMULASI SEDIAAN SABUN CAIR EKSTRAK LIDAH BUAYA (Aloe vera L.)
Authors: Mahayuni Made Galih Dwi , Putra I Gusti Ngurah Agung Windra Wartana , Wintariani Ni Putu 
Published: March 2023

Skin is the external part of body which protects internal organs from external interference, such as bacteria, viruses, cold air, hot sun, exposure to UV radiation, pressure, etc. Maintain clean skin is an important thing to do to prevent skin diseases. The way to keep our skin clean is use a mild soap which is good for the skin. Soap is one of the preparations commonly used in daily life. The ingredients of liquid soap are made up of surfactants, thickeners, preservatives and pH regulators. The presence of surface-active agents in soap is important for cleansing the dirt from the skin. Thickeners are important in the soap to obtain the required viscosity of the formulation.
The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of aloe vera (Aloe Vera L.) liquid soap. This type of research is an experimental study with a completely randomized design. The formula will be tested for physical and chemical properties which include organoleptic tests, viscosity tests, specific gravity tests, foam stability tests, and pH tests. Aloe vera liquid soap in all formulas has physical and chemical characteristics that meet the standards where the viscosity values obtained are 2616-4188 cP, specific gravity 1.067-1.082, foam resistance 61-70%, and pH 6.1-7
ANALISIS DESKRIPTIF TERKAIT PENGETAHUAN PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK PADA WARGA RW 009 KELURAHAN DUREN SAWIT PERIODE MEI-JUNI 2022
Authors: Fidia Fachdiana , Tuahuns Farida , Niode Harum Andini Putri 
Published: March 2023

Infectious diseases remain one of the world's public health concerns, particularly in developing countries. Excessive and inappropriate antibiotics use can lead to the emergence of bacterial resistance and increase the economic burden of health care; additionally. According to a preliminary survey conducted on residents of 009 Community Unit, Duren Sawit Sub-district aged 17-65 in January 2022, it demonstrated that 60% residents believed that antibiotics could treat fever and could be purchased without a prescription 40%. This research aimed to describe the knowledge of antibiotic use in the residents of 009 Community Unit, Duren Sawit Village. The study employed a descriptive quantitative type, where data collection was performed using a questionnaire. This research comprised 237 respondents, who were selected employing the proportional random sampling technique and required the inclusion criteria. The study’s findings indicated that out of 237 respondents, 99 individuals (42%) had good comprehension, 88 individuals (37%) had sufficient comprehension, and 50 individuals (21%) had inadequate comprehension. In summary, suppose described in each indicator, the level of public knowledge for the three indicators was as follows: 118 respondents (50%) have a good understanding of the meaning of antibiotics,104 respondents (44%) have a good understanding of the use of antibiotics, and 140 respondents (59%) had a good understanding of the undesirable effects of the use of antibiotics. The 4 most consumed antibiotics were Amoxicillin (55.7%), Fg Troches (14.3%), Cefixime (8.4%) and Azithromycin (8.4%). While the dose of taking antibiotics ranges from 1x to 4x a day, depends on the type of antibiotics.
KANDUNGAN BORAKS PADA PENTOL BAKSO DI KECAMATAN BALONGBENDO KABUPATEN SIDOARJO DENGAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI
Authors: Sari Adinda Puspita , Setyawati Herni , Zaenudin Djelang 
Published: March 2023

Sodium Tetraborate, also known as Borax, is a chemical compound which is a derivative of metal boron gas (B), used as an antifungal compound, wood preservative, and an antiseptic compound in cosmetics. The use of Borax as a preservative in food has been banned by the government. The purpose of this study was to help and remove the levels of borax found in meatball bulbs. Sampling was determined in Balongbendo District, Sidoarjo Regency. Analysis of the content of Borax compounds in meatball bulbs was carried out qualitatively using the flame method and the tumeric paper test. Quantitative test using the UV-Vis Spectrophotometer method. Based on the results of an analysis of 60 samples of meatball bulbs sold in Balongbendo District, Sidoarjo Regency, 1 sample was positively identified as containing a Borax compound with an average level of 0.162 ppm.
Conjunctival sac microbiome in anophthalmic patients: Flora diversity and the impact of ocular prosthesis materials
Authors: Zhao Hejia , Chen Yanjun , Zheng Yixu , Xu Jing , Zhang Chenyu , Fu Min , Xiong Ke 
Published: March 2023

PurposeTo explore the changes of bacterial flora in anophthalmic patients wearing ocular prosthesis (OP) and the microbiome diversity in conditions of different OP materials.MethodsA cross-sectional clinical study was conducted, involving 19 OP patients and 23 healthy subjects. Samples were collected from the upper, lower palpebral, caruncle, and fornix conjunctiva. 16S rRNA sequencing was applied to identify the bacterial flora in the samples. The eye comfort of each OP patient was determined by a questionnaire. In addition, demographics information of each participant was also collected.ResultsThe diversity and richness of ocular flora in OP patients were significantly higher than that in healthy subjects. The results of flora species analysis also indicated that in OP patients, pathogenic microorganisms such as Escherichia Shigella and Fusobacterium increased significantly, while the resident flora of Lactobacillus and Lactococcus decreased significantly. Within the self-comparison of OP patients, compared with Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA), prosthetic material of glass will lead to the increased colonization of opportunistic pathogens such as Alcaligenes, Dermabacter and Spirochaetes, while gender and age have no significant impact on ocular flora.ConclusionsThe ocular flora of OP patients was significantly different from that of healthy people. Abundant colonization of pathogenic microorganisms may have an important potential relationship with eye discomfort and eye diseases of OP patients. PMMA, as an artificial eye material, demonstrated potential advantages in reducing the colonization of opportunistic pathogens.
Association of red cell distribution width with the risk of 3-month readmission in patients with heart failure: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gu Fang , Wu Han , Jin Xiaoli , Kong Cheng , Zhao Wenyan 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundIn recent years, red cell distribution width (RDW) has been found to be associated with the prognosis of patients with heart failure (HF) in Western countries. However, evidence from Asia is limited. We aimed to investigate the relationship between RDW and the risk of 3-month readmission in hospitalized Chinese HF patients.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed HF data from the Fourth Hospital of Zigong, Sichuan, China, involving 1,978 patients admitted for HF between December 2016 and June 2019. The independent variable in our study was RDW, and the endpoint was the risk of readmission within 3 months. This study mainly used a multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Smoothed curve ﬁtting was then used to assess the dose-response relationship between RDW and the risk of 3-month readmission.ResultsIn the original cohort of 1,978 patients with HF (42% male and 73.1% aged ≥70 years), 495 patients (25.0%) were readmitted within 3 months after discharge. Smoothed curve ﬁtting showed a linear correlation between RDW and the risk of readmission within 3 months. In the multivariable-adjusted model, every 1% increase in RDW was associated with a 9% increased risk of readmission within 3 months (hazard ratio = 1.09, 95% confidence interval: 1.00–1.15; P &lt; 0.005).ConclusionsA higher RDW value was significantly associated with a greater risk of 3-months readmission in hospitalized patients with HF.
Prevalence of diabetes in the USA from the perspective of demographic characteristics, physical indicators and living habits based on NHANES 2009-2018
Authors: Fang Ling , Sheng Huafang , Tan Yingying , Zhang Qi 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveTo determine differences in DM in the U.S. population according to demographic characteristics, physical indicators and living habits.Methods23 546 participants in the 2009 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) who were 20 year of age or older and not pregnant. All analyses used weighted samples and considered the stratification and clustering of the design. Specific indicators include length of leg (cm), BMI (kg/cm2), TCHOL (mg/dL), fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL) and comparison of means and the proportion of participants with DM.ResultsThe prevalence of DM in the USA has been rising modestly in the past decade, and were consistent and robust for the observed differences in age, sex, and ethnicity. Compared with white participants, black participants and Mexican-American were both more likely (P&lt;0.001) to have diabetes: 14.6% (CI, 13.6% to 15.6%) among black participants, 10.6% (CI, 9.9% to 11.3%) among white participants, and 13.5% (CI, 11.9% to 15.2%) among Mexican-American participants. The prevalence of diabetes is increasing with age, males peaked around the 60s, and women around the 70s. The overall mean leg length and TCHOL was lower in diabetics than in non-diabetics (1.07 cm, 18.67 mg/dL, respectively), while mean BMI were higher in diabetics than in non-diabetics (4.27 kg/cm2). DM had the greatest effect on decline of TCHOL in white participants (23.6 mg/dL), less of an effect in black participants (9.67 mg/dL), and the least effect in Mexican-American participants (8.25 mg/dL). Notably, smoking had great effect on percent increment of DM in whites (0.2%), and have little effect on black and Mexican-Americans.ConclusionsDM is more common in the general population than might be clinically recognized, and the prevalence of DM was associated to varying degrees with many indicators of demographic characteristics, physical indicators, and living habits. These indicators should be linked with medical resource allocation and scientific treatment methods to comprehensively implement the treatment of DM.
Spatial and Multilevel Analysis of Unscheduled Contraceptive Discontinuation in Ethiopia: Further analysis of 2005 and 2016 Ethiopia Demography and Health Surveys
Authors: Tamirat Koku Sisay , Nigatu Solomon Gedlu , Tesema Getayeneh Antehunegn , Sisay Malede Mequanent , Tessema Zemenu Tadesse 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundUnscheduled discontinuation of contraceptives is a public health problem among women of reproductive age. Particularly, it is associated with unwanted pregnancies that lead to maternal and child mortality, but little is known about the spatial distribution of the problem. Therefore, this study aims to assess the spatial distribution and associated factors of unscheduled contraceptive discontinuation in Ethiopia.MethodThis study used secondary data from the Ethiopia Demography and Health Survey (EDHS) data of 2005 and 2016. The study population was women who used contraceptives in the preceding 5 years before the survey. A total of 2,327 and 3,858 eligible women were included in the final analysis of the 2005 and 2016 EDHS, respectively. For the spatial analysis, both the 2005 and the 2016 EDHS data were analyzed using ArcGIS version 10.7, while for multilevel regression analysis, the 2016 EDHS data were used. The final model reported an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI), and a p-value of 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance.ResultThis study revealed that unscheduled discontinuation of contraceptives varied geographically, and hotspots were detected in the central, north, and eastern parts of Ethiopia. Moreover, diploma and higher education (AOR = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.01–1.95), urban residence (AOR = 1.37; 95% CI: 1.08–1.72), history of termination of pregnancy (AOR = 1.47; 95% CI: 1.14–1.94), married women (AOR = 10.79; 95% CI: 6.98–16.69), separated/divorced women (AOR = 1.54: 95% CI: 1.07–2.30), —two to four number of children (AOR = 1.46; 95% CI: 1.15–1.84), and involvement in the decision-making process of contraceptive use (AOR = 39.26; 95% CI: 28.84–53.45) were all factors associated with unscheduled discontinuation of contraceptives.ConclusionThis study revealed that unscheduled discontinuation of contraceptive distribution was significantly clustered in the central, north, and eastern parts of Ethiopia, as found in two surveys. The magnitude of this discontinuation increased from 2005 to 2016. The finding underscores that further interventions such as the availability of multiple mixed methods and improvement in women's decision-making ability in the choice of contraceptive methods and utilization are needed in hotspot areas of Ethiopia.
CARD11 gain-of-function mutation drives cell-autonomous accumulation of PD-1+ ICOShigh activated T cells, T-follicular, T-regulatory and T-follicular regulatory cells
Authors: Masle-Farquhar Etienne , Jeelall Yogesh , White Jacqueline , Bier Julia , Deenick Elissa K. , Brink Robert , Horikawa Keisuke , Goodnow Christopher Carl 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionGermline CARD11 gain-of-function (GOF) mutations cause B cell Expansion with NF-κB and T cell Anergy (BENTA) disease, whilst somatic GOF CARD11 mutations recur in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and in up to 30% of the peripheral T cell lymphomas (PTCL) adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL), cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) and Sezary Syndrome. Despite their frequent acquisition by PTCL, the T cell-intrinsic effects of CARD11 GOF mutations are poorly understood.MethodsHere, we studied B and T lymphocytes in mice with a germline Nethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU)-induced Card11M365K mutation identical to a mutation identified in DLBCL and modifying a conserved region of the CARD11 coiled-coil domain recurrently mutated in DLBCL and PTCL.Results and discussionOur results demonstrate that CARD11.M365K is a GOF protein that increases B and T lymphocyte activation and proliferation following antigen receptor stimulation. Germline Card11M365K mutation was insufficient alone to cause B or T-lymphoma, but increased accumulation of germinal center (GC) B cells in unimmunized and immunized mice. Card11M365K mutation caused cell-intrinsic over-accumulation of activated T cells, T regulatory (TREG), T follicular (TFH) and T follicular regulatory (TFR) cells expressing increased levels of ICOS, CTLA-4 and PD-1 checkpoint molecules. Our results reveal CARD11 as an important, cell-autonomous positive regulator of TFH, TREG and TFR cells. They highlight T cell-intrinsic effects of a GOF mutation in the CARD11 gene, which is recurrently mutated in T cell malignancies that are often aggressive and associated with variable clinical outcomes.
Phase 1 pilot study of RRx-001 + nivolumab in patients with advanced metastatic cancer (PRIMETIME)
Authors: Reid Tony , Oronsky Bryan , Caroen Scott , Quinn Mary , Williams Jeannie , Cabrales Pedro , Abrouk Nacer 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundBromonitrozidine (RRx-001) is a minimally toxic, NLRP3 inhibitor that has been observed, in experimental systems, to also downregulate CD47, repolarize tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) and normalize aberrant tumor perfusion. This phase 1 pilot study was undertaken to determine the safety and feasibility of RRx-001 and nivolumab in patients with advanced cancer and no standard options.MethodsThis single arm, single site, open-label pilot study (NCT02518958) called PRIMETIME was designed to evaluate the safety profile of RRx-001 and nivolumab in patients with advanced malignancies and no other standard therapeutic options. A 3 + 3 trial design was used to establish safety of the combination at each dose level and guide the decision to escalate dose. RRx-001 is infused once weekly while nivolumab is given at 3mg/kg once every 2 weeks. The RRx-001 starting dose was 2 mg IV weekly with 4 dose level escalations up to 16 mg IV weekly. From January 2015 to November 2015, twelve patients received treatment for only 4 cycles (total 12 weeks) with the combination due to unavailability of nivolumab, which was not supplied to the Sponsor. Treatment-emergent (all cause, TEAEs) and treatment-related (TRAEs) adverse events that occurred within 16 weeks of the first dose of RRx-001 and nivolumab were characterized according to CTCAE v4.03.ResultsTwelve patients received ≥1 dose of RRx-001 and nivolumab. One discontinuation occurred due to pneumonitis and one to voluntary withdrawal after a post-procedural infection. There were no DLTs. The main adverse event related to RRx-001 was infusion reaction (33.3%). The main adverse event related to the combination was pseudoprogression manifested by larger tumors in patients that were symptomatically improved (25%). The most common immune-related treatment-emergent AEs were pneumonitis (8.3%), and hypothyroidism (8.3%). The objective response rate at 12 weeks was 25% and the disease control rate (DCR) consisting of ≥SD was 67% by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1. 25% of the patients progressed on the combination.ConclusionsThe combination of RRx-001 and nivolumab was safe and well-tolerated with preliminary evidence of anti-cancer activity. Further clinical trials with RRx-001 and nivolumab are warranted.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT02518958.
Improved outcomes over time and higher mortality in CMV seropositive allogeneic stem cell transplantation patients with COVID-19; An infectious disease working party study from the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation registry
Authors: Ljungman Per , Tridello Gloria , Piñana Jose Luis , Ciceri Fabio , Sengeloev Henrik , Kulagin Alexander , Mielke Stephan , Yegin Zeynep Arzu , Collin Matthew , Einardottir Sigrun , Lepretre Sophie Ducastelle , Maertens Johan , Campos Antonio , Metafuni Elisabetta , Pichler Herbert , Folber Frantisek , Solano Carlos , Nicholson Emma , Yüksel Meltem Kurt , Carlson Kristina , Aguado Beatriz , Besley Caroline , Byrne Jenny , Heras Immaculada , Dignan Fiona , Kröger Nicolaus , Robin Christine , Khan Anjum , Lenhoff Stig , Grassi Anna , Dobsinska Veronika , Miranda Nuno , Jimenez Maria-Jose , Yonal-Hindilerden Ipek , Wilson Keith , Averbuch Dina , Cesaro Simone , Xhaard Alienor , Knelange Nina , Styczynski Jan , Mikulska Malgorzata , de la Camara Rafael 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionCOVID-19 has been associated with high morbidity and mortality in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HCT) recipients.MethodsThis study reports on 986 patients reported to the EBMT registry during the first 29 months of the pandemic.ResultsThe median age was 50.3 years (min – max; 1.0 – 80.7). The median time from most recent HCT to diagnosis of COVID-19 was 20 months (min – max; 0.0 – 383.9). The median time was 19.3 (0.0 - 287.6) months during 2020, 21.2 (0.1 - 324.5) months during 2021, and 19.7 (0.1 – 383.9) months during 2022 (p = NS). 145/986 (14.7%) patients died; 124 (12.6%) due to COVID-19 and 21 of other causes. Only 2/204 (1%) fully vaccinated patients died from COVID-19. There was a successive improvement in overall survival over time. In multivariate analysis, increasing age (p&lt;.0001), worse performance status (p&lt;.0001), contracting COVID-19 within the first 30 days (p&lt;.0001) or 30 – 100 days after HCT (p=.003), ongoing immunosuppression (p=.004), pre-existing lung disease (p=.003), and recipient CMV seropositivity (p=.004) had negative impact on overall survival while patients contracting COVID-19 in 2020 (p&lt;.0001) or 2021 (p=.027) had worse overall survival than patients with COVID-19 diagnosed in 2022.DiscussionAlthough the outcome of COVID-19 has improved, patients having risk factors were still at risk for severe COVID-19 including death.
T lymphocyte characteristics and immune repertoires in the epicardial adipose tissue of heart failure patients
Authors: Zhang Xu-Zhe , Chen Xian-Li , Tang Ting-Ting , Zhang Si , Li Qin-Lin , Xia Ni , Nie Shao-Fang , Zhang Min , Zhu Zheng-Feng , Zhou Zi-Hua , Dong Nian-Guo , Cheng Xiang 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundEpicardial adipose tissue (EAT) acts as an active immune organ and plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of heart failure (HF). However, the characteristics of immune cells in EAT of HF patients have rarely been elucidated.MethodsTo identify key immune cells in EAT, an integrated bioinformatics analysis was performed on public datasets. EAT samples with paired subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), heart, and peripheral blood samples from HF patients were collected in validation experiments. T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire was assessed by high-throughput sequencing. The phenotypic characteristics and key effector molecules of T lymphocytes in EAT were assessed by flow cytometry and histological staining.ResultsCompared with SAT, EAT was enriched for immune activation-related genes and T lymphocytes. Compared with EAT from the controls, activation of T lymphocytes was more pronounced in EAT from HF patients. T lymphocytes in EAT of HF patients were enriched by highly expanded clonotypes and had greater TCR clonotype sharing with cardiac tissue relative to SAT. Experiments confirmed the abundance of IFN-γ+ effector memory T lymphocytes (TEM) in EAT of HF patients. CCL5 and GZMK were confirmed to be associated with T lymphocytes in EAT of HF patients.ConclusionEAT of HF patients was characterized by pronounced immune activation of clonally expanded IFN-γ+ TEM and a generally higher degree of TCR clonotypes sharing with paired cardiac tissue.
Loss of CD28 expression associates with severe T-cell exhaustion in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Huang Yueting , Zheng Huijian , Zhu Yuwen , Hong Yan , Zha Jie , Lin Zhijuan , Li Zhifeng , Wang Caiyan , Fang Zhihong , Yu Xingxing , Liu Long , Xu Bing 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionDespite accumulated evidence in T-cell exhaustion in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the immunotherapeutic targeting exhausted T cells such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade in AML failed to achieve satisfying efficacy. Characteristics of exhausted T cells in AML remained to be explored.MethodsPhenotypic analysis of T cells in bone marrow (BM) using flow cytometry combining senescent and exhausted markers was performed in de novo AML patients and healthy donors as well as AML patients with complete remission (CR). Functional analysis of T-cell subsets was also performed in de novo AML patients using flow cytometry.ResultsT cells experienced a phenotypic shift to terminal differentiation characterized by increased loss of CD28 expression and decrease of naïve T cells. Additionally, lack of CD28 expression could help define a severely exhausted subset from generally exhausted T cells (PD-1+TIGIT+). Moreover, CD28- subsets rather than CD28+ subsets predominantly contributed to the significant accumulation of PD-1+TIGIT+ T cells in AML patients. Further comparison of de novo and CR AML patients showed that T-cell exhaustion status was improved after disease remission, especially in CD28+ subsets. Notably, higher frequency of CD28-TIGIT-CD4+ T cells correlated with the presence of minimal residual disease in AML-CR group. However, the correlation between CD28- exhausted T cells and cytogenetic risk or white blood cell count was not observed, except for that CD28- exhausted CD4+ T cells correlated with lymphocyte counts. Intriguingly, larger amount of CD28-TGITI+CD8+ T cells at diagnosis was associated with poor treatment response and shorter leukemia free survival.DiscussionIn summary, lack of CD28 expression defined a severely exhausted status from exhausted T cells. Accumulation of CD28- exhausted T cells was linked to occurrence of AML, and correlated to poor clinical outcome. Our data might facilitate the development of combinatory strategies to improve the efficacy of PD-1 blockade in AML.