bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Histological Study of Splenic Capsule in Bangladeshi Cadaver
Authors: Chowdhury Md Ashraful Islam , Toshi Ayesha Akter , Jafrin Wahida , Biswas Anup Kumar 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Thickness of splenic capsule shows positive correlation with age. The capsule and trabeculae of the spleen consist of dense collagenous connective tissue with some elastic fibers and smooth muscle fibers.
Objective: To find out the histomorphic changes of splenic capsule in relation to age and sex of the Bangladeshi cadaver.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on 40 fresh spleens collected from the morgue of Department of Forensic Medicine of Mymensingh Medical College from July 2007 to April 2008. Collected tissue samples were stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stain, AZAN and Van-Gieson’s stain. The selected fields in the slides were studied and micro photographed by a special microscopic device. Collected data were analyzed statistically by the computer generated programme SPSS using ‘F’ test, ANOVA, ‘r’ test and difference among groups was determined using comparison method at 5%, 1% or 0.1% level of significance.
Results: The maximum thickness of splenic capsule were 65.30, 78.54, 92.56, 95.64, 113.05µm in male and 61.50, 80.23, 98.34, 98.62, 114.20µm in female in age group A, B, C, D, E respectively. The minimum thickness were 53.00, 67.00, 72.12, 81.23, 100.50µm in male and 56.23, 61.50, 83.50, 92.80, 102.95µm in female. With the help of special staining abundant smooth muscle cells are identified in the splenic capsule and trabecule.
Conclusion: Most of the splenic disease can be managed with conservation of spleen by invasive and non-invasive method. Detail knowledge on splenic capsule will help the physician to manage splenic disease.
JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 18, No 2 (December) 2022: 51-56
A Prospective Study of Post-operative Complications Following Stapled Haemorrhoidectomy
Authors: Rahman Nazmin , Hoque Muhammad Anwarul 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Haemorrhoids is one of the most common anorectal disorders. Stapled haemorrhoidectomy (SH) is newly developed method for the surgical management of Haemorrhoids.
Objective: To evalute postoperative complications followed by Stapled haemorrhoidectomy.
Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted among the patients with haemorroid those who got admitted in different surgery units in the department of surgery in Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from 01 December 2015 to 31 May 2016. A total of 60 patients were selected following convenient sampling technique. Data were collected by face to face interview using a structured questionnaire and check list. All completed questionnaires were validated manually and data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics with SPSS 19.0.
Results: In this study, immediate complications (first week) were: bleeding (8.3%), urinary retention (5.0%), moderate pain (5.0%), pruritus (5.0%) and submucosal abscess (1.7%). The most common complication after 1 week was mild pain (8.3%), stenosis (5%), flatus incontinence, recurrence of hemorrhoids in 3.3% and bleeding was (3.3%). Recurrent hemorrhoids were treated by ligation in 40% and by Milligan-Morgan procedure in 32%. Anal stenoses were treated by dilatation in 55% and by anoplasty in 45%. It was revealed from study that among the patients treated with SH 21.6% had immediate complications followed by 24.3% had late complications.
Conclusion: Prevention is the best treatment of haemorrhoids. Stapled haemorrhoidectomy is safe with many short-term benefits like less post-operative pain, early return from hospital and early return to their normal activities. Like other modalities it is also associated with a long-term risk of hemorrhoid recurrence and the symptom of prolapse. However, this method is well accepted and comfortable for the patients.
JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 18, No 2 (December) 2022: 57-60
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL BAHASA INDONESIA BERBASIS PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DI SMK
Authors: Zebua Sandi Marseli , Bawamenewi Arozatulo 
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menghasilkan modul berbasis Problem Based Learning pada materi teks negosiasi. Informasi yang didapatkan di SMK Negeri 3 Gunungsitoli yaitu peserta didik kurang termotivasi dalam belajar dikarenakan bahan ajar tidak bervariasi dan belum mengembangkan bahan ajar berupa modul bahasa Indonesia berbasis Problem Based Learning. Dengan demikian peneliti mengembangkan modul bahasa Indonesia berbasis Problem Based Learning Kelas X OTKP-2 pada materi teks negosiasi yang layak, praktis dan efektif.
Peneliti ini dilaksanakan dengan sampel penelitian uji coba perorangan di kelas X OTKP-2 sebanyak 3 orang, uji kelompok kecil di kelas X OTKP-2 sebanyak 5 orang, dan uji lapangan di kelas X OTKP-2 sebanyak 20 orang.
Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan menggunakan model ADDIE terdiri lima tahap yaitu tahap analisis (analysis), perancangan (design), pengembangan (development), implementasi (implemitation), dan evaluasi (evaluation). Instrument yang digunakan dalam penilaian ini adalah angket validasi uji kelayakan, angket respon peserta didik uji kepraktisan dan esay tes uji keefektifan hasil belajar.
Hasil penelitian berupa modul bahasa Indonesia berbasis Problem Based Learming materi teks negosiasi. Penilaian ahli materi revisi I mencapai 71% dan revisi II mencapai 98%. Berdasarkan penilaian ahli bahasa revisi I mencapai 83% dan revisi II mencapai 100%. Berdasarkan ahli media revisi I mencapai 60% dan revisi II mencapai 95%. Kepraktisan bahan ajar modul dikategorikan sangat praktis berdasarkan penilaian uji coba perorangan mencapai 93,05%, penilaian uji coba kelompok kecil mencapai 94,16%, dan penilaian uji coba lapangan mencapai 92,91%. Kriteria sangat baik dan efektif dengan presentase efektifitas bahan ajar modul mencapai rata-rata 83,37%.
Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa modul berbasis Problem Based Learning yang dikembangkan sangat layak, praktis, dan efektif digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran.
Kata Kunci: Bahan Ajar, Modul, Teks Negosiasi
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN E-KOMIK PADA MATERI MENGANALISIS TEKS NEGOSIASI KELAS X SMA NEGERI 1 GUNUNGSITOLI
Authors: Telaumbanua Pinta Ceriani , Zega Imansudi 
Published: August 2023

Pembelajaran merupakan proses untuk mengelola lingkungan sekitar peserta didik, agar dapat tercipta suasana yang menarik dan inovatif. Akan tetapi, kenyataanya pembelajaran di kelas X MIPA 5 SMA Negeri 1 Gunungsitoli masih mengalami kendala atau hambatan dikarenakan media pembelajaran yang digunakan masih kurang menarik dan terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran e-komik pada materi menganalisis teks negosiasi kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Gunungsitoli yang valid, praktis, dan efektif. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dan pengembangan (research and development). Model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model 4D Thiagarajan yang meliputi 4 tahap: Define (Pendefenisian), Design (Perancangan), Develop (Pengembangan), dan Disseminate (Penyebaran). Media pembelajaran e-komik yang telah dikembangkan dilaksanakan dengan tahap, uji validitas oleh tiga validator (materi/isi, bahasa, dan desain), uji perorangan, uji kelompok kecil, dan uji lapangan yang dilaksanakan di kelas X MIPA 5 SMA Negeri 1 Gunungsitoli. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilaksanakan, media pembelajaran e-komik menghasilkan kriteria sangat layak dan standar kelayakan 81%-100% keterangan valid oleh validator materi/isi 91,3%, validator bahasa 100%, dan validator desain 90%. Kepraktisan media pembelajaran e-komik dengan standar kepraktisan 81%-100%, maka hasil dari uji perorangan mencapai 83%, uji kelompok kecil mencapai 87%, dan uji lapangan mencapai 97% dengan kriteria sangat praktis. Keefektifan media pembelajaran dengan standar keefektifan 90%≤P≤100, maka hasil tes belajar dari uji perorangan mencapai 100%, uji kelompok kecil 100% dan uji lapangan 93% dengan kriteria sangat efektif. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengembangan media pembelajaran e-komik pada materi menganalisis teks negosiasi sangat valid, praktis, dan efektif digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia.

Kata kunci: media pembelajaran e-komik, 4D, valid, praktis dan efektif
Three-dimensional human bile duct formation from chemically induced human liver progenitor cells
Authors: Li Peilin , Miyamoto Daisuke , Huang Yu , Adachi Tomohiko , Hidaka Masaaki , Hara Takanobu , Soyama Akihiko , Matsushima Hajime , Imamura Hajime , Kanetaka Kengo , Gu Weili , Eguchi Susumu 
Published: August 2023

Background: The intrahepatic bile ducts (BDs) play an important role in the modification and transport of bile, and the integration between the BD and hepatocytes is the basis of the liver function. However, the lack of a source of cholangiocytes limits in vitro research. The aim of the present study was to establish three-dimensional BDs combined with human mature hepatocytes (hMHs) in vitro using chemically induced human liver progenitor cells (hCLiPs) derived from hMHs.Methods: In this study, we formed functional BDs from hCLiPs using hepatocyte growth factor and extracellular matrix. BDs expressed the typical biliary markers CK-7, GGT1, CFTR and EpCAM and were able to transport the bile-like substance rhodamine 123 into the lumen. The established three-dimensional BDs were cocultured with hMHs. These cells were able to bind to the BDs, and the bile acid analog CLF was transported from the culture medium through the hMHs and accumulated in the lumen of the BDs. The BDs generated from the hCLiPs showed a BD function and a physiological system (e.g., the transport of bile within the liver) when they were connected to the hMHs.Conclusion: We present a novel in vitro three-dimensional BD combined with hMHs for study, drug screening and the therapeutic modulation of the cholangiocyte function.
Osteogenic differentiation of 3D-printed porous tantalum with nano-topographic modification for repairing craniofacial bone defects
Authors: Zhang Chuxi , Zhou Zhongwei , Liu Nian , Chen Jiangping , Wu Jinyang , Zhang Yong , Lin Kaili , Zhang Shilei 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Congenital or acquired bone defects in the oral and cranio-maxillofacial (OCMF) regions can seriously affect the normal function and facial appearance of patients, and cause great harm to their physical and mental health. To achieve good bone defect repair results, the prosthesis requires good osteogenic ability, appropriate porosity, and precise three-dimensional shape. Tantalum (Ta) has better mechanical properties, osteogenic ability, and microstructure compared to Ti6Al4V, and has become a potential alternative material for bone repair. The bones in the OCMF region have unique shapes, and 3D printing technology is the preferred method for manufacturing personalized prosthesis with complex shapes and structures. The surface characteristics of materials, such as surface morphology, can affect the biological behavior of cells. Among them, nano-topographic surface modification can endow materials with unique surface properties such as wettability and large surface area, enhancing the adhesion of osteoblasts and thereby enhancing their osteogenic ability.Methods: This study used 3D-printed porous tantalum scaffolds, and constructed nano-topographic surface through hydrothermal treatment. Its osteogenic ability was verified through a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments.Results: The porous tantalum modified by nano-topographic surface can promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, and accelerate the formation of new bone in the Angle of the mandible bone defect of rabbits.Discussion: It can be seen that 3D-printed nano-topographic surface modified porous tantalum has broad application prospects in the repair of OCMF bone defects.
DNA self-assembly nanoflower reverse P-glycoprotein mediated drug resistance in chronic myelogenous leukemia therapy
Authors: Zhao Pengxuan , Zhong Yeteng , Pan Pengcheng , Zhang Shasha , Tian Yu , Zhang Jun , Yi Guohui , Zhao Zhendong , Wu Tiantian 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative disorder caused by the BCR-ABL chimeric tyrosine kinase. Vincristine (VCR) is widely used in leukemia therapy but is hindered by multidrug resistance (MDR).Methods: We prepared DNA nanoflower via self-assembly for the delivery of VCR and P-glycoprotein small interfering RNA (P-gp siRNA).Results and Discussion: The as-prepared nanoflower had a floriform shape with high loading efficiency of VCR (80%). Furthermore, the nanoflower could deliver VCR and P-gp siRNA into MDR CML cells and induce potent cytotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo, thus overcoming MDR of CML. Overall, this nanoflower is a promising tool for resistant CML therapy.
Classification of subtypes and identification of dysregulated genes in sepsis
Authors: Tong Ran , Ding Xianfei , Liu Fengyu , Li Hongyi , Liu Huan , Song Heng , Wang Yuze , Zhang Xiaojuan , Liu Shaohua , Sun Tongwen 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundSepsis is a clinical syndrome with high mortality. Subtype identification in sepsis is meaningful for improving the diagnosis and treatment of patients. The purpose of this research was to identify subtypes of sepsis using RNA-seq datasets and further explore key genes that were deregulated during the development of sepsis.MethodsThe datasets GSE95233 and GSE13904 were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differential analysis of the gene expression matrix was performed between sepsis patients and healthy controls. Intersection analysis of differentially expressed genes was applied to identify common differentially expressed genes for enrichment analysis and gene set variation analysis. Obvious differential pathways between sepsis patients and healthy controls were identified, as were developmental stages during sepsis. Then, key dysregulated genes were revealed by short time-series analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator model. In addition, the MCPcounter package was used to assess infiltrating immunocytes. Finally, the dysregulated genes identified were verified using 69 clinical samples.ResultsA total of 898 common differentially expressed genes were obtained, which were chiefly related to increased metabolic responses and decreased immune responses. The two differential pathways (angiogenesis and myc targets v2) were screened on the basis of gene set variation analysis scores. Four subgroups were identified according to median expression of angiogenesis and myc target v2 genes: normal, myc target v2, mixed-quiescent, and angiogenesis. The genes CHPT1, CPEB4, DNAJC3, MAFG, NARF, SNX3, S100A9, S100A12, and METTL9 were recognized as being progressively dysregulated in sepsis. Furthermore, most types of immune cells showed low infiltration in sepsis patients and had a significant correlation with the key genes. Importantly, all nine key genes were highly expressed in sepsis patients.ConclusionThis study revealed novel insight into sepsis subtypes and identified nine dysregulated genes associated with immune status in the development of sepsis. This study provides potential molecular targets for the diagnosis and treatment of sepsis.
Percutaneous coronary intervention for a healed erosion with excimer laser coronary angioplasty and drug-coated balloon angioplasty: a case report
Authors: Sekimoto Teruo , Sato Shunya , Mori Hiroyoshi , Tanisawa Hiroki , Tsujita Hiroaki , Kondo Seita , Suzuki Hiroshi , Shinke Toshiro 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundHealed plaque, characterized by distinct layers of organizing thrombus and collagen, is the hallmark of tissue self-repair. However, the efficacy of excimer laser coronary angioplasty (ELCA) followed by drug-coated balloon (DCB) angioplasty in patients with healed plaques is not fully understood.Case summaryA 42-year-old woman with a history of anxiety disorder was admitted to our institution with worsening chest pain and subsequently diagnosed with anterior non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Coronary angiography revealed severe stenosis in the proximal left anterior descending artery (LAD) despite Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) grade 3. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed healed plaques with partial macrophage accumulation and no fresh thrombus. Plaque disruption and thin-cap fibrous atheroma were not identified in the culprit lesions. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) confirmed high-intensity marginal irregular masses at the culprit site, suggesting that the thrombus was formed by plaque erosion rather than lipid plaque or necrotic tissue. With lesion modification using ELCA prior to DCB angioplasty, OCT examination of the LAD after ELCA showed a significant reduction in plaque burden and preserved lumen size. Post-percutaneous coronary intervention angiography revealed no stenosis with TIMI grade 3. A follow-up coronary computed tomography scan showed no angiographic restenosis, and the patient remained symptom-free.ConclusionsHere we describe a case in which OCT and IVUS evaluation suggested organizing thrombus due to erosion healing, and a favorable outcome was achieved with the combination of ELCA and DCB. The combination use of ELCA and DCB might be a potential strategy for acute coronary syndrome patients with organizing thrombus.
Socioeconomic status and diabetes technology use in youth with type 1 diabetes: a comparison of two funding models
Authors: Lomax Kate E. , Taplin Craig E. , Abraham Mary B. , Smith Grant J. , Haynes Aveni , Zomer Ella , Ellis Katrina L. , Clapin Helen , Zoungas Sophia , Jenkins Alicia J. , Harrington Jenny , de Bock Martin I. , Jones Timothy W. , Davis Elizabeth A. 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundTechnology use, including continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and insulin pump therapy, is associated with improved outcomes in youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D). In 2017 CGM was universally funded for youth with T1D in Australia. In contrast, pump access is primarily accessed through private health insurance, self-funding or philanthropy. The study aim was to investigate the use of diabetes technology across different socioeconomic groups in Australian youth with T1D, in the setting of two contrasting funding models.MethodsA cross-sectional evaluation of 4957 youth with T1D aged &lt;18 years in the national registry was performed to determine technology use. The Index of Relative Socio-Economic Disadvantage (IRSD) derived from Australian census data is an area-based measure of socioeconomic status (SES). Lower quintiles represent greater disadvantage. IRSD based on most recent postcode of residence was used as a marker of SES. A multivariable generalised linear model adjusting for age, diabetes duration, sex, remoteness classification, and location within Australia was used to determine the association between SES and device use.ResultsCGM use was lower in IRSD quintile 1 in comparison to quintiles 2 to 5 (p&lt;0.001) where uptake across the quintiles was similar. A higher percentage of pump use was observed in the least disadvantaged IRSD quintiles. Compared to the most disadvantaged quintile 1, pump use progressively increased by 16% (95% CI: 4% to 31%) in quintile 2, 19% (6% to 33%) in quintile 3, 35% (21% to 50%) in quintile 4 and 51% (36% to 67%) in the least disadvantaged quintile 5.ConclusionIn this large national dataset, use of diabetes technologies was found to differ across socioeconomic groups. For nationally subsidised CGM, use was similar across socioeconomic groups with the exception of the most disadvantaged quintile, an important finding requiring further investigation into barriers to CGM use within a nationally subsidised model. User pays funding models for pump therapy result in lower use with socioeconomic disadvantage, highlighting inequities in this funding approach. For the full benefits of diabetes technology to be realised, equitable access to pump therapy needs to be a health policy priority.
Aberrant PI3Kδ splice isoform as a potential biomarker and novel therapeutic target for endocrine cancers
Authors: Ha Siyoung , Gujrati Himali , Wang Bi-Dar 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionPI3K/AKT signaling pathway is upregulated in a broad spectrum of cancers. Among the class I PI3Ks (PI3Kδ/β/δ isoforms), PI3Kδ has been implicated in hematologic cancers and solid tumors. Alternative splicing is a post-transcriptional process for acquiring proteomic diversity in eukaryotic cells. Emerging evidence has highlighted the involvement of aberrant mRNA splicing in cancer development/progression.MethodsOur previous studies revealed that PIK3CD-S is an oncogenic splice variant that promotes tumor aggressiveness and drug resistance in prostate cancer (PCa). To further evaluate the potential of utilizing PI3Kδ-S (encoded from PIK3CD-S) as a cancer biomarker and/or drug target, comprehensive analyses were performed in a series of patient samples and cell lines derived from endocrine/solid tumors. Specifically, IHC, immunofluorescence, western blot and RT-PCR assay results have demonstrated that PI3Kδ isoforms were highly expressed in endocrine/solid tumor patient specimens and cell lines.ResultsDifferential PIK3CD-S/PIK3CD-L expression profiles were identified in a panel of endocrine/solid tumor cells. SiRNA knockdown of PIK3CD-L or PIK3CD-S differentially inhibits AKT/mTOR signaling in PCa, breast, colon and lung cancer cell lines. Moreover, siRNA knockdown of PTEN increased PI3Kδ levels and activated AKT/mTOR signaling, while overexpression of PTEN reduced PI3Kδ levels and inhibited AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer cells. Intriguingly, PI3Kδ-S levels remained unchanged upon either siRNA knockdown or overexpression of PTEN. Taken together, these results suggested that PTEN negatively regulates PI3Kδ-L and its downstream AKT/mTOR signaling, while PI3Kδ-S promotes AKT/mTOR signaling without regulation by PTEN. Lastly, PI3Kδ inhibitor Idelalisib and SRPK1/2 inhibitor SRPIN340 were employed to assess their efficacies on inhibiting the PI3Kδ-expressing endocrine/solid tumors. Our results have shown that Idelalisib effectively inhibited PI3Kδ-L (but not PI3Kδ-S) mediated AKT/mTOR signaling. In contrast, SRPIN340 reversed the aberrant mRNA splicing, thereby inhibiting AKT/mTOR signaling. In-vitro functional assays have further demonstrated that a combination of Idelalisib and SRPIN340 achieved a synergistic drug effect (with drastically reduced cell viabilities/growths of tumor spheroids) in inhibiting the advanced tumor cells.ConclusionIn summary, our study has suggested a promising potential of utilizing PI3Kδ-S (an oncogenic isoform conferring drug resistance and exempt from PTEN regulation) as a prognostic biomarker and drug target in advanced endocrine cancers.