bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphotextural, microbiological, and volatile characterization of flatbread containing cricket (Acheta domesticus) powder and buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) flour
Authors: Belleggia Luca , Foligni Roberta , Ferrocino Ilario , Biolcati Federica , Mozzon Massimo , Aquilanti Lucia , Osimani Andrea , Harasym Joanna 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe growing awareness of the consumers on the advantages of a proper nutrition is deeply modifying their demands. Hence, the exploitation of innovative ingredients to enrich the nutritional values of staple foods is continuously explored by research institutions and food industries. This paper represents a feasibility study on the use of nonconventional ingredients, including house cricket (Acheta domesticus) powder and buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) flour, for the production of novel flatbread formulations. Experimental flatbread prototypes were evaluated by analyzing microbiological, physico-chemical, textural, colorimetric, and volatile parameters. Microbiological viable counts revealed low levels of bacterial spores in the formulations comprising cricket powder. Water activity results showed adequate values, inhibiting the growth of spoilage and pathogenic bacteria, and preventing the germination of bacterial spores. The addition of cricket powder, influenced textural properties of flatbread samples, characterized by lower hardness values respect to those not containing insects seems likely due to a high content of dietary fiber (chitin from insects). As for the color analysis, flatbread samples added with cricket powder evidenced darker tones respect to those not containing insects, thus resulting visibly comparable with whole grain products. Worthy to mention that the addition of buckwheat flours did not cause hardness reduction or color variation of experimental prototypes. The volatile component analysis highlighted numerous compounds associated with enzymatic activities and nonconventional ingredients. Overall, the results collected demonstrated that cricket powder and buckwheat flour possess a great potential to produce innovative flatbreads.
Prioritizing the selection of CMIP6 model ensemble members for downscaling projections of CONUS temperature and precipitation
Authors: Longmate Julia M. , Risser Mark D. , Feldman Daniel R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGiven the mismatch between the large volume of data archived for the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) and limited personnel and computational resources for downscaling, only a small fraction of the CMIP6 archive can be downscaled. In this work, we develop an approach to robustly sample projected hydroclimate states in CMIP6 for downscaling to test whether the selection of a single initial condition (IC) ensemble member from each CMIP6 model is sufficient to span the range of modeled hydroclimate over the conterminous United States (CONUS) and CONUS sub-regions. We calculate the pattern-centered root mean square difference of IC ensemble member anomalies relative to each model’s historical climatology for shared socioeconomic pathway (SSP) projections over 30-year time periods and compare the ratio of inter-model to intra-model variability for this metric. Regardless of SSP, inter-model variability is generally much greater than intra-model variability at the scales of the CONUS as a whole, as well as for most CONUS sub-regions. However for some variables and scenarios, inter- and intra-model variability are similar at sub-CONUS scales, indicating that selecting a single IC ensemble member per model may be sufficient to sample the range of projected hydroclimate states in the 21st Century across CONUS, but for specific regions and variables, more careful selection of ensemble members may be necessary. Regionally-resolved Taylor diagrams identify where more IC ensemble member downscaling efforts should be focused if resources are available to do so. Our results suggest that, with parsimonious sampling, the requisite computational expense of downscaling temperature and precipitation fields over the CONUS for subsequent CMIP activities may increase only marginally despite the great increase in data volumes with each successive CMIP phase.
ENSO phase space dynamics with an improved estimate of the thermocline depth
Authors: Dommenget Dietmar , Priya Priyamvada , Vijayeta Asha 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe recharge oscillator model of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) describes the ENSO dynamics as an interaction between the eastern tropical Pacific sea surface temperatures (T) and subsurface heat content (thermocline depth; h), defining a dynamical cycle with different phases. h is often approximated on the basis of the depth of the 20 °C isotherm (Z20). In this study we will address how the estimation of h affects the representation of ENSO dynamics. We will compare the ENSO phase space with h estimated based on Z20 and based on the maximum gradient in the temperature profile (Zmxg). The results illustrate that the ENSO phase space is much closer to the idealised recharge oscillator model if based on Zmxg than if based on Z20. Using linear and non-linear recharge oscillator models fitted to the observed data illustrates that the Z20 estimate leads to artificial phase dependent structures in the ENSO phase space, which result from an in-phase correlation between h and T. Based on the Zmxg estimate the ENSO phase space diagram show very clear non-linear aspects in growth rates and phase speeds. Based on this estimate we can describe the ENSO cycle dynamics as a non-linear cycle that grows during the recharge and El Nino state, and decays during the La Nina states. The most extreme ENSO states are during the El Nino and discharge states, while the La Nina and recharge states do not have extreme states. It further has faster phase speeds after the El Nino state and slower phase speeds during and after the La Nina states. The analysis suggests that the ENSO phase speed is significantly positive in all phases, suggesting that ENSO is indeed a cycle. However, the phase speeds are closest to zero during and after the La Nina state, indicating that the ENSO cycle is most likely to stall in these states.
“Mother and baby plate”: a strategy to improve stability in proximal fractures of the ulna
Authors: Hoelscher-Doht Stefanie , Zufall Nicola , Heilig Maximilian , Heilig Philipp , Paul Mila Marie , Meffert Rainer Heribert 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Proximal ulna fractures with a large zone of comminution, such as in the context of Monteggia injuries, require mechanically strong osteosyntheses as they occur in regions with high physiological joint load. Consequently, implant failure and pseudarthrosis are critical and devastating complications, especially with the background of mainly young patients being affected. An effective solution could be provided by adding a small second plate 90° angulated to the standard dorsal plate in the area of non-union. Thus, this study investigates whether, from a biomechanical point of view, the use of such a mini or baby plate is worthwhile.

Materials and methods
Comminuted fractures distal to the coronoid process, equivalent to Jupiter type IIb fractures, are generated on artificial Sawbones® of the ulna and stabilized using two different plate osteosyntheses: in the first group, a dorsal locking compression olecranon plate is used (LCP group). In the second group, a small, ulnar 5-hole olecranon plate is added as a baby plate in addition to the mother plate at the level of the fracture zone (MBP group). Dynamic biomechanical loading in degrees of flexion from 0° to 90° is carried out to determine yield load, stiffness, displacement, and changes in fracture gap width as well as bending of the dorsal plate.

Results
The “mother-baby-plate” osteosynthesis had a significantly higher yield load (p < 0.01) and stiffness (p = 0.01) than the LCP group. This correlates with the increased movement of the proximal fracture element during cyclic testing for the LCP group compared to the MBP group as measured by an optical metrology system.

Conclusions
Here, we show evidence that the addition of a small plate to the standard plate is highly effective in increasing the biomechanical stability in severe fractures equivalent to Jupiter type IIb. As it hopefully minimizes complications like pseudarthrosis and implant failure and as the additional preparatory effort leading to compromised blood supply is regarded to be negligible, this justifies and highly advises the use of a mother–baby-plate system.
Effective use of artificial intelligence in healthcare supply chain resilience using fuzzy decision-making model
Authors: Deveci Muhammet 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAI technologies are absolutely changing the rules of the game all around the world. However, the diffusion rate of AI is widely ranging across countries. This study aims to fulfill a research gap regarding multidimensional comprehensive studies which could provide academic information to the policy makers, technology producers, adopters of technology and the workforce. Friction against the use of new technologies has been existing since the beginning of industrial revolution. This study examines the possible factors behind the friction in AI adoption process. The subject of the course in this study is the supply chain resilience which is a keystone in healthcare sector especially after the recent pandemics. Studies promise the efficiency improvements and cost reductions in healthcare when AI technologies are implemented in supply chain management of the industry. This paper proposes a fuzzy Aczel–Alsina-based decision-making model to analyze the factors that enhance the diffusion of AI technologies in healthcare supply chain management. The model is tested for the case of Turkish healthcare industry. Fuzzy decision-making model is used to solve the complexities in unveiling success factors in the implementation and diffusion phases. Results show that among many other factors tested, technology intensity, trialability and government support and policies are the most important AI success factors. The results are discussed to reveal potential policy recommendations.
Mean-to-max ratio of the torsion function and honeycomb structures
Authors: Briani Luca , Bucur Dorin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper we study extremal behaviors of the mean to max ratio of the p-torsion function with respect to the geometry of the domain. For p larger than the dimension of the space N, we prove that the upper bound is uniformly below 1, contrary to the case $$p \in (1,N]$$

p
∈
(
1
,
N
]

. For $$p=+\infty $$

p
=
+
∞

, in two dimensions, we prove that the upper bound is asymptotically attained by a disc from which is removed a network of points consisting on the vertices of a tiling of the plane with regular hexagons of vanishing size.
Association between maternity leave policies and postpartum depression: a systematic review
Authors: Hidalgo-Padilla Liliana , Toyama Mauricio , Zafra-Tanaka Jessica Hanae , Vives Alejandra , Diez-Canseco Francisco 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Working mothers are at greater risk for postpartum depression. Maternity leave characteristics, including length, wage replacement and employment protection, could have relevant implications for mothers’ mental health. We propose to explore whether there is an association between maternity leave characteristics and postpartum depression.

Methods
We conducted a systematic review searching for randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental, cohort or cross-sectional studies on five databases using search terms including maternity and parental leave and depression, as well as references in relevant articles. We identified 500 articles and included 23 of those. We used the EPHPP Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies to assess the quality of the studies.

Results
Paid and longer maternity leaves tend to be associated with a reduction of postpartum depression symptoms in high-income countries. No studies explored the association between employment protection and postpartum depression. The quality of studies ranged from strong to weak, mostly influenced by study design.

Conclusion
More restrictive maternity leave policies tend to be associated with higher rates of postpartum depression, although more research needs to be conducted in the Global South.
Einsatzverhalten und Verschleiß von PVD-beschichteten und fluid-frei geschmierten Zahnrädern
Authors: Sklenak Sebastian , Mevissen Dieter , Brimmers Jens , Brecher Christian , Lenz Bastian , Mehner Andreas 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Einsatz von Flüssigschmierstoffen in Zahnradantrieben ist aufgrund der Schmierstoffeigenschaften, zum Beispiel durch Hygienerichtlinien oder hohe Temperaturschwankungen, eingeschränkt. Festschmierstoffe sind eine Alternative zu Flüssigschmierstoffen in Zahnradantrieben. Die Anforderungen an den Schmierstoff im Zahnflankenkontakt werden jedoch von einem Festschmierstoff nicht in gleichem Maße erfüllt wie von einem Flüssigschmierstoff. Der Stand der Forschung zeigt, dass das Einsatzverhalten in Bezug auf die Reibungskraft und die Prüflingstemperatur nicht stationär ist. Zur Kenntnis des Einsatz- und Verschleißverhaltens im Zahnflankenkontakt werden Prüfzahnräder mit einem MoS2:Ti-TiCN Festschmierstoffsystem beschichtet und in Laufversuchen analysiert. Der Vergleich der Lastspielzahlen bei zwei verschiedenen Belastungsstufen zeigt, dass die Lebensdauer des feststoffgeschmierten Zahnradsatzes mit zunehmendem Drehmoment abnimmt. Bei der Analyse der Zahnflanken nach den Laufversuchen lassen sich verschiedene Verschleißerscheinungen feststellen. Es kann zwischen Verschleiß der Festschmierstoffschicht, lokalem Schichtversagen und vollständigem Schichtversagen unterschieden werden. Die mikroskopische Verschleißanalyse zeigt, dass der Verschleiß an Ritzel und Rad unterschiedlich stark ist. Tendenziell ist ein höherer Verschleiß in den Bereichen mit hohen Gleitgeschwindigkeiten in Kombination mit negativem Schlupf zu beobachten. Für zukünftige Laufversuche mit trockenen und feststoffgeschmierten Zahnrädern muss die Früherkennung von Schichtversagen untersucht werden. Darüber hinaus ist die Übertragbarkeit des Verschleißes vom Zwei-Scheibe-Kontakt auf den Zahnflankenkontakt zu untersuchen.
Singing more, singing harsher: occurrence of nonlinear phenomena in a primate’ song
Authors: Cristiano Walter , Raimondi Teresa , Valente Daria , De Gregorio Chiara , Torti Valeria , Ferrario Valeria , Carugati Filippo , Miaretsoa Longondraza , Mancini Laura , Gamba Marco , Giacoma Cristina 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNonlinear phenomena (NLP) in animal vocalizations arise from irregularities in the oscillation of the vocal folds. Various non-mutually exclusive hypotheses have been put forward to explain the occurrence of NLP, from adaptive to physiological ones. Non-human primates often display NLP in their vocalizations, yet the communicative role of these features, if any, is still unclear. We here investigate the occurrence of NLP in the song of a singing primate, the indri (Indri indri), testing for the effect of sex, age, season, and duration of the vocal display on their emission. Our results show that NLP occurrence in indri depends on phonation, i.e., the cumulative duration of all the units emitted by an individual, and that NLP have higher probability to be emitted in the later stages of the song, probably due to the fatigue indris may experience while singing. Furthermore, NLP happen earlier in the vocal display of adult females than in that of the adult males, and this is probably due to the fact that fatigue occurs earlier in the former because of a greater contribution within the song. Our findings suggest, therefore, that indris may be subjected to physiological constraints during the singing process which may impair the production of harmonic sounds. However, indris may still benefit from emitting NLP by strengthening the loudness of their signals for better advertising their presence to the neighboring conspecific groups.
Soil bacteria and fungi communities are shaped by elevation influences in Colombian forest and páramo natural ecosystems
Authors: Vélez-Martínez Glever Alexander , Reyes-Ardila Wendy Lorena , Duque-Zapata Juan Diego , Rugeles-Silva Paula Andrea , Muñoz Flórez Jaime Eduardo , López-Álvarez Diana 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe influence of elevation on natural terrestrial ecosystems determines the arrangements of microbial communities in soils to be associated with biotic and abiotic factors. To evaluate changes of fungi and bacteria at the community level along an elevational gradient (between 1000 and 3800 m.a.s.l.), physicochemical measurements of soils, taxonomic identifications of plants, and metabarcoding sequences of the 16S rRNA gene for bacteria and the ITS1 region for fungi were obtained. The bacterial taxonomic composition showed that Acidobacteriota increased in abundance with elevation, while Actinobacteriota and Verrucomicrobiota decreased. Furthermore, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria maintained maximum levels of abundance at intermediate elevations (1200 and 2400 m.a.s.l.). In fungi, Ascomycota was more abundant at higher elevations, Basidiomycota tended to dominate at lower elevations, and Mortierellomycota had a greater presence at intermediate sites. These results correlated with the edaphic parameters of decreasing pH and increasing organic carbon and available nitrogen with elevation. In addition, the Shannon index found a greater diversity in bacteria than fungi, but both showed a unimodal pattern with maximum values in the Andean Forest at 2400 m.a.s.l. Through the microbial characterization of the ecosystems, the elevational gradient, soil properties, and vegetation were found to exert significant effects on microbial communities and alpha diversity indices. We conclude that the most abundant soil microorganisms at the sampling points differed in abundance and diversity according to the variations in factors influencing ecological communities.
Computational modelling of the separation of molten polymer blends by a centrifugal technique
Authors: Medvid V. , Steiner H. , Irrenfried C. , Feuchter M. , Brenn G. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractComputational modelling of a centrifugal technique for separating binary mixtures of thermoplastic polymers in the molten state is presented. The technique may be useful for the recycling of polymeric materials. The study investigates the physical process of component separation due to the centrifugal force in a batch process, showing the potential of using a dispersed model for describing the complex mechanism underlying the technique. Given the long time scales of change of the flow field, the polymer melts are modelled as inelastic, shear-thinning materials. The centrifugal force drives the component with the higher density to the outer region of an annular cross section occupied by the melt inside a rotating containment. The model system PET/LDPE is investigated in detail. The simulations allow to predict the process time needed for the separation. The simulations are the basis for studying a continuous process in a rotating tube.
Towards a logic for ‘because’
Authors: Raidl Eric , Rott Hans 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper explores the connective ‘because’, based on the idea that ‘C because A’ implies the acceptance/truth of the antecedent A as well as of the consequent C, and additionally that the antecedent makes a difference for the consequent. To capture this idea of difference-making a ‘relevantized’ version of the Ramsey Test for conditionals is employed that takes the antecedent to be relevant to the consequent in the following sense: a conditional is true/accepted in a state $$\sigma $$
σ
just in case (i) the consequent is true/accepted when $$\sigma $$
σ
is revised by the antecedent and (ii) the consequent fails to be true/accepted when $$\sigma $$
σ
is revised by the antecedent’s negation. To extend this to a semantics for ‘because’, we add that (iii) the antecedent and (iv) the consequent are accepted/true in the state $$\sigma $$
σ
. We get metaphysical or doxastic interpretations of these clauses, depending on what we mean by a model and a state. We introduce several semantics known from suppositional conditionals, which we reinterpret for difference-making conditionals and ‘because’. We present a minimal logic for ‘because’ sentences and show how it can be extended in ways that parallel the hierarchy of extensions of the logic of suppositional conditionals. We establish correspondence results between axioms for ‘because’ and properties of states, and prove that the specified logics are sound with respect to the semantics.
Collective arrogance: a norms-based account
Authors: Roe Henry 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHow should we understand the arrogance of groups that do not seem to exhibit group agency? Specifically, how should we understand the putative epistemic arrogance ascribed to men and privileged or powerful groups in cases raised in the extant philosophical literature? Groups like these differ from others that are usually the subject of work on collective vice and virtue insofar as they seem to lack essential features of group agency; they are sub-agential groups. In this article, I ask whether extant summative or anti-summative accounts of collective epistemic vice offer a basis for understanding the structure of the epistemic arrogance of men and the privileged. I argue that a summative formulation and two prominent anti-summative positions fail to adequately account for the structure of group arrogance in such cases. This leaves us lacking an understanding of how sub-agential group arrogance works. To address this, I defend a collectivist account of group arrogance that takes social norms as the determinative basis of group arrogance.
Synthesis of Cu and CuO nanoparticles from e-waste and evaluation of their antibacterial and photocatalytic properties
Authors: Abdelbasir Sabah M. , Rayan Diaa A. , Ismail Mahmoud M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWaste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) contain a plethora of valuable metals, considered an attractive secondary resource. In the current research, a hydrometallurgical process combined ammonia/ammonium chloride leaching and reduction (using L-ascorbic acid) to recover copper and its oxide (CuO) as nanosized particles from WPCBs was investigated. The results of leaching indicated that 96.7% of copper could be recovered at a temperature of 35 °C for a leaching duration of 2 h with ammonium chloride and ammonia concentration of 2 mol/L at a solid:liquid ratio of 1:10 g/cm3. The synthesized particles exhibit spherical and distorted sphere morphology with average particle size of 460 nm and 50 nm for Cu and CuO NPs, respectively. The antibacterial activity of Cu, CuO, and a (1:1) blend of both (Cu/CuO) has been examined against five different bacterial and fungal strains. The highest zone of inhibition was measured as 21.2 mm for Cu NPs toward Escherichia coli and 16.7 mm for Cu/CuO blend toward Bacillus cereus bacteria. The highest zone of inhibition was measured as 13 mm and 13.8 mm for Cu/CuO blend toward Fusarium proliferatum and Penicillium verrucosum fungi. Cu/CuO blend showed notable photocatalytic activity towards Rhodamine B dye under visible light irradiation with 96% degradation rate within 120 min. Using the process developed in this study, copper and its oxide as nanoparticles can be produced from WPCBs and used for multifunctional applications.
Graphical abstract