bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fetal intestinal loop dilatation: Follow‐up and outcome of a series of 133 consecutive cases (the DILDIG study)
Authors: Mangione Raphaële , Voirin‐Mathieu Etienne , Yvert Marianne , Fries Nicolas , Mousty Eve , Castaigne Vanina , Muller Françoise , Dreux Sophie ,   for the DILDIG Study Group
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo define the prognostic markers of fetal dilated bowel loops.MethodsNational non‐interventional study of 133 consecutive prenatal observations of dilated loops including ultrasound examinations, complementary laboratory tests, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), outcomes, and postnatal diagnosis.ResultsOne hundred twenty seven cases were classified according to outcome: Group 1, very severe (n = 43), Group 2, children needing specific care (n = 39), and Group 3, healthy children (n = 45). Prenatal ultrasound scan suggested duodenal obstruction in 30 cases, small bowel obstruction in 81, colonic obstruction in 11, and diffuse dilatation in 5. Diameter of dilated loops did not significantly differ between the groups. A poor prognosis was significantly associated with duodenal obstruction, genetic anomalies (53% vs. 21.8%), including aneuploidies or CFTR gene mutations and abnormal amniotic fluid biochemistry (86.4% vs. 38.7%). A good prognosis was associated with regression of dilatation and normal MRI.ConclusionIn this study, postnatal outcomes for fetuses with intestinal dilatation were best predicted by assessing the level of obstruction with prenatal ultrasound and MRI, determining the presence of associated malformations, amniotic fluid biochemical and genetic testing, and monitoring for regression of bowel dilatation. These results should help inform future guidelines on the prenatal and neonatal management of congenital intestinal obstruction.
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy evaluation of nonthermal plasma restoration for ductile metals in cultural heritage artifacts
Authors: Giménez‐Barrera Patricia , Colominas Sergi , Borrós Salvador 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDespite the large number of studies devoted to understanding the degradation process of ductile metals in cultural heritage, there is still a lack of consolidated protocols for their restoration. Traditional restorations such as chemical cleaning and electrochemical treatments are carried out for the recovery of corroded ductile metals. However, these techniques are usually very aggressive to the metallic surface. For this reason, a cold plasma design is presented to restore ductile metals through the minimum intervention criterion. Lead samples were induced to atmospheric acetic acid corrosion to recreate models of degradation for practical restoration and characterization. The material after plasma treatment was analyzed with different techniques of characterization, including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The present work demonstrated the potential of this technique to provide an accurate analysis of its surface.
The mechanism of Cry41‐related toxin against Myzus persicae based on its interaction with Buchnera‐derived ATP‐dependent 6‐phosphofructokinase
Authors: Jin Liang , Zhang Bin‐Wu , Lu Jing‐Wen , Liao Jun‐Ao , Zhu Qi‐Jun , Lin Yi , Yu Xiao‐Qiang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDMyzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is one of the most notorious pests of many crops worldwide. Most Cry toxins produced by Bacillus thuringiensis show very low toxicity to M. persicae; however, a study showed that Cry41‐related toxin had moderate toxic activity against M. persicae. In our previous work, potential Cry41‐related toxin‐binding proteins in M. persicae were identified, including cathepsin B, calcium‐transporting ATPase, and Buchnera‐derived ATP‐dependent 6‐phosphofructokinase (PFKA). Buchnera is an endosymbiont present in almost all aphids and it provides necessary nutrients for aphid growth. This study investigated the role of Buchnera‐derived PFKA in Cry41‐related toxicity against M. persicae.RESULTSIn this study, recombinant PFKA was expressed and purified, and in vitro assays revealed that PFKA bound to Cry41‐related toxin, and Cry41‐related toxin at 25 μg ml−1 significantly inhibited the activity of PFKA. In addition, when M. persicae was treated with 30 μg ml−1 of Cry41‐related toxin for 24 h, the expression of dnak, a single‐copy gene in Buchnera, was significantly decreased, indicating a decrease in the number of Buchnera.CONCLUSIONOur results suggest that Cry41‐related toxin interacts with Buchnera‐derived PFKA to inhibit its enzymatic activity and likely impair cell viability, resulting in a decrease in the number of Buchnera, and finally leading to M. persicae death. These findings open up new perspectives in our understanding of the mode of action of Cry toxins and are useful in helping improve Cry toxicity for aphid control. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Sequential analysis of δ15N in guard hair suggests late gestation is the most critical period for muskox calf recruitment
Authors: Schmidt Niels Martin , Michelsen Anders , Hansen Lars Holst , Aggerbeck Marie Rønne , Stelvig Mikkel , Kutz Susan , Mosbacher Jesper Bruun 
Published: January 2023

RationaleAnalysis of stable isotopes in tissue and excreta may provide information about animal diets and their nutritional state. As body condition may have a major influence on reproduction, linking stable isotope values to animal demographic rates may help unravel the drivers behind animal population dynamics.MethodsWe performed sequential analysis of δ15N values in guard hair from 21 muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) from Zackenberg in high arctic Greenland. We were able to reconstruct the dietary history for the population over a 5‐year period with contrasting environmental conditions. We examined the linkage between guard hair δ15N values in 12 three‐month periods and muskox calf recruitment to detect critical periods for muskox reproduction. Finally, we conducted similar analyses of the correlation between environmental conditions (snow depth and air temperature) and calf recruitment.Resultsδ15N values exhibited a clear seasonal pattern with high levels in summer and low levels in winter. However, large inter‐annual variation was found in winter values, suggesting varying levels of catabolism depending on snow conditions. In particular δ15N values during January–March were linked to muskox recruitment rates, with higher values coinciding with lower calf recruitment. δ15N values were a better predictor of muskox recruitment rates than environmental conditions.ConclusionsAlthough environmental conditions may ultimately determine the dietary δ15N signal in muskox guard hairs, muskox calf recruitment was more strongly correlated with δ15N values than ambient snow and temperature. The period January–March, corresponding to late gestation, appears particularly critical for muskox reproduction.
Identification of dual‐rate sampled nonlinear systems based on the cycle reservoir with regular jumps network
Authors: Xie Li , Pan Yapu , Tao Hongfeng , Yang Huizhong 
Published: January 2023

SummaryThere are two main difficulties for identification of dual‐rate sampled nonlinear systems; one is the unknown nonlinear properties and the other is the dual‐rate sampled data. Considering the above two points, this paper proposes a cycle reservoir with regular jumps (CRJ) network based recursive identification algorithm. Unlike a traditional method, the proposed one does not require a priori knowledge of the nonlinearity and can handle dual‐rate data; therefore, its applicability can be guaranteed. Firstly, the CRJ network is used to describe the nonlinear characteristics of the target systems. However, the update of the CRJ network requires the missing outputs, thus the auxiliary model identification theory is adopted and the missing outputs are replaced by the estimated outputs of the network. In this process, the output weights of the CRJ network are updated at a slow rate, while the estimates of the missing outputs are updated quickly, resulting in an interactive estimation computation process. Then, to improve the identification accuracy, the hyper‐parameters of the CRJ network are optimized by means of the particle swarm optimization algorithm. Finally, simulation examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
STEM‐related outcomes for adolescents with differing perceptions of school racial climate: A latent class analysis
Authors: Cerda‐Smith Jacqueline , Joy Angelina , Mathews Channing , Knox Jerica , Mulvey Kelly Lynn 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRacially minoritized groups are underrepresented in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) degree programs and careers, warranting the need to examine students' racialized experiences in K‐12 settings that may influence their STEM persistence. In particular, the current study explored adolescent perceptions of school racial climate (SRC) as a potential contributor to pre‐college racial disparities in STEM. We used latent class analysis to group adolescents based on their SRC perceptions and explored group differences in their interest in a STEM career and their belonging, psychological needs satisfaction, and engagement in STEM courses. Adolescent participants (N = 412, 50.2% female, 36.9% male, 12.9% other/not reported, Mage = 15.72 years, standard deviation = 1.24) attending five high schools in the Southeastern United States, were grouped into five classes based on their perceptions of SRC: Critical SRC (CritSRC), Average SRC, Average with Stereotyping, Positive SRC (PosSRC), and Positive with Stereotyping. Latent class membership differed by race, age, and learning environment. Results revealed that students with more positive perceptions of SRC reported greater belonging, engagement, and needs satisfaction in their STEM courses and more interest in a STEM career compared to students with CritSRC perceptions. Findings also indicated that White students were more likely than Black students to perceive a PosSRC. Recommendations for areas of future research and policy implications are discussed.
Lattice Mismatch–Induced Formation of Copper Nanoplates with Embedded Ultrasmall Platinum or Palladium Cores for Tunable Optical Properties
Authors: Qiao Zhun , Yang Hao , Fan Qikui , Liu Zhaojun , Liu Kai , Wen Zhibin , Wang Zhengyan , Cheng Tao , Gao Chuanbo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAlthough noble metal nanocrystals have been studied extensively in the past decades, the shape‐controlled synthesis of non‐noble metal nanocrystals has remained challenging with limited success, which is a grand obstacle to their wide applications. Herein, a novel lattice mismatch–involved shape‐control mechanism of Cu nanocrystals in a seed‐mediated synthesis is reported, which can produce Cu nanoplates in high yield with tailored sizes (28–130 nm), holding great potential in optical and catalytic applications. The lattice mismatch between Cu and the seed is found effective in inducing crystallographic defects for symmetry breaking toward anisotropic nanocrystals. While a too‐large lattice mismatch (11.7% for Au seeds) leads to multiple twin defects to form quasi‐spherical Cu nanocrystals, an appropriately large lattice mismatch (7.7% for Pt and 6.9% for Pd seeds) successfully induces planar defects for the formation of Cu nanoplates. The size of the Cu nanoplates is customizable by controlling the concentration of the seeds, leading to tunable optical properties. A prototype of a colorimetric indicator with Cu nanoplates, potentially applicable to the safety control of foods and drugs is demonstrated. This mechanism paves a new way for the shape‐controlled synthesis of Cu and other metal nanocrystals for a broad range of applications.
Dual Mechanism for Sodium based Energy Storage
Authors: Liu Miao , Zhang Junfei , Sun Zhen , Huang Lu , Xie Tian , Wang Xianwen , Wang Dong , Wu Yingpeng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA dual‐mechanism energy storage strategy is proposed, involving the electrochemical process of sodium ion battery (SIB) and sodium metal battery (SMB). This strategy is expected to achieve a higher capacity than SIB, and obtain dendrite‐free growth of SMB with a well‐designed anode. Here, self‐constructed bismuth with “sodiophilic” framework and rapid ion transmission characteristics is employed as the sodium host (anode) integrating alloy/de‐alloy and plating/stripping process that suppresses the dendrite growth and overcomes the limited capacity of traditional anode. Benefited from this, the capacity (capacity contributed by alloy and plating of sodium in total) of 2000 mAh g−1 can be reached, which can retain up to 800 h at 1 A g−1. Also, the capacity of 3100 mAh g−1 can be achieved that is ≈7.7 times than that of alloyed‐bismuth (Bi). This work proposes a dual‐mechanism strategy to tackle the dilemma of high‐performance sodium (Na) storage devices, which opens a new avenue for the development of next‐generation energy storage device.
Designing Intelligent Nanomaterials to Achieve Highly Sensitive Diagnoses and Multimodality Therapy of Bladder Cancer
Authors: Li Guanlin , Wu Sicheng , Chen Wenzhe , Duan Xiaolu , Sun Xinyuan , Li Shujue , Mai Zanlin , Wu Wenzheng , Zeng Guohua , Liu Hongxing , Chen Tianfeng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBladder cancer (BC) is among the most common malignant tumors of the genitourinary system worldwide. In recent years, the rate of BC incidence has increased, and the recurrence rate is high, resulting in poor quality of life for patients. Therefore, how to develop an effective method to achieve synchronous precise diagnoses and BC therapies is a difficult problem to solve clinically. Previous reports usually focus on the role of nanomaterials as drug delivery carriers, while a summary of the functional design and application of nanomaterials is lacking. Summarizing the application of functional nanomaterials in high‐sensitivity diagnosis and multimodality therapy of BC is urgently needed. This review summarizes the application of nanotechnology in BC diagnosis, including the application of nanotechnology in the sensoring of BC biomarkers and their role in monitoring BC. In addition, conventional and combination therapies strategy in potential BC therapy are analyzed. Moreover, different kinds of nanomaterials in BC multimodal therapy according to pathological features of BC are also outlined. The goal of this review is to present an overview of the application of nanomaterials in the theranostics of BC to provide guidance for the application of functional nanomaterials to precisely diagnose and treat BC.
A comparison of methods for estimating juvenile salmon habitat capacity to assist with restoration planning and evaluation
Authors: Roni Philip , Camp Meghan J. , Connelly Kristin , Ross Kai , Berge Hans 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective
A variety of analytical approaches have been developed in recent years to estimate salmon Oncorhynchus spp. freshwater habitat capacity to assist with planning and evaluating habitat restoration. We compared and contrasted seven different methods for estimating juvenile Chinook Salmon O. tshawytscha habitat rearing capacity (total number of fish that a given area of habitat can support), abundance, and habitat suitability in a 3.2-km reach of the Grande Ronde River, Oregon.

Methods
This included approaches that used statistical methodologies applied to existing empirical data sets, including quantile random forests (QRFs) and spatial stream networks (i.e., Fish Data Analysis Tool [FDAT]), and deterministic models that included the habitat suitability index, the unit characteristic method (UCM), and three habitat expansion methods.

Result
We hypothesized that the methods would provide comparable estimates. However, the approaches provided very divergent estimates for the same stream reach, ranging from 1048 to 24,530 juvenile Chinook Salmon. The simple habitat expansion methods appeared to be the most similar to the actual parr (juvenile) abundance obtained from recent snorkel surveys (4179 juveniles). The fish density data (fish/m2) and habitat data used in the models were likely the main drivers of the differences between the UCM and habitat expansion methods.

Conclusion
The habitat expansion approaches, which are based on detailed habitat surveys, appear to be particularly suitable for estimating capacity within a reach; thus, they may be suitable for evaluating changes due to habitat restoration. The model-based approaches (QRF and FDAT) appear to yield coarser estimates, in part because they use various inputs at the reach and landscape scales. As such, they are more useful for relative comparisons among reaches in watersheds to assist with watershed-scale restoration planning and prioritization. Because all of the methods rely on fish density in different types of habitats, regional or local data on fish densities would improve their accuracy.
DNA methylation‐mediated inhibition of MGARP is involved in impaired progeny testosterone synthesis in mice exposed to DBP in utero
Authors: Li Huan , Jiang Yutong , Liu Minhui , Yu Jiaxin , Feng Xinyue , Xu Xiaolei , Wang Hongyan , Zhang Jing , Sun Xiuling , Yu Yan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe dibutyl phthalate (DBP) has been detected in fetuses and infants and can cause damage to the reproductive system in adulthood, but the exact mechanism remains unclear. Here, we aim to investigate the effects of intrauterine DBP exposure on offspring reproductive function and explore possible mechanisms. SPF C57BL/6 pregnant mice were given DBP (0.5, 5, 75 mg/kg/d) or corn oil from day 5 to day 19 by gavage. After weaning, the pups were fed a standard diet for 5 weeks. In addition, TM3 Leydig cell cultures were used to study the relevant mechanisms in vitro. The results showed that intrauterine DBP exposure could reduce sperm density and sperm motility, cause testicular tissue damage, down‐regulate serum T and LH levels, and up‐regulate serum FSH levels at 75 mg/kg/d. Western blot and methylation detection revealed intrauterine exposure to DBP down‐regulated testosterone synthesis‐related proteins StAR, P450scc, 3β‐HSD, PKA, and PKC expression, while up‐regulated the levels of methyltransferase proteins expression and DNA 5‐methylcytosine (5mC) in testicular tissue of mouse offspring at 75 mg/kg/d. Further detection found in utero 75 mg/kg/d DBP exposure down‐regulated MGARP protein expression, and induced incomplete methylation of the MGARP gene. An in vitro analysis showed that MGARP inhibition is involved in an impaired testosterone synthesis in TM3 cells. Cell culture results suggest that MGARP down‐regulation may be involved in impaired testosterone production in monobutyl phthalate‐treated cells. The present study revealed that 75 mg/kg/d DBP exposure in utero resulted in testosterone synthesis disorders and reproductive function impairment in mouse offspring, and the mechanism may be related to DNA methylation‐mediated down‐regulation of MGARP in the testis.
Matrix entanglement
Authors: Gautam Vaibhav , Hanada Masanori , Jevicki Antal , Peng Cheng 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In gauge/gravity duality, matrix degrees of freedom on the gauge theory side play important roles for the emergent geometry. In this paper, we discuss how the entanglement on the gravity side can be described as the entanglement between matrix degrees of freedom. Our approach, which we call ‘matrix entanglement’, is different from ‘target-space entanglement’ proposed and discussed recently by several groups. We consider several classes of quantum states to which our approach can play important roles. When applied to fuzzy sphere, matrix entanglement can be used to define the usual spatial entanglement in two-brane or five-brane world-volume theory nonperturbatively in a regularized setup. Another application is to a small black hole in AdS5×S5 that can evaporate without being attached to a heat bath, for which our approach suggests a gauge theory origin of the Page curve. The confined degrees of freedom in the partially-deconfined states play the important roles.
Long-lived heavy neutral leptons from mesons in effective field theory
Authors: Beltrán Rebeca , Cottin Giovanna , Helo Juan Carlos , Hirsch Martin , Titov Arsenii , Wang Zeren Simon 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In the framework of the low-energy effective field theory of the Standard Model extended with heavy neutral leptons (HNLs), we calculate the production rates of HNLs from meson decays triggered by dimension-six operators. We consider both lepton-number-conserving and lepton-number-violating four-fermion operators involving either a pair of HNLs or a single HNL. Assuming that HNLs are long-lived, we perform simulations and investigate the reach of the proposed far detectors at the high-luminosity LHC to (i) active-heavy neutrino mixing and (ii) the Wilson coefficients associated with the effective operators, for HNL masses below the mass of the B-meson. We further convert the latter to the associated new-physics scales. Our results show that scales in excess of hundreds of TeV and the active-heavy mixing squared as small as 10−15 can be probed by these experiments.
Schlag auf Schlag – Bericht über feuerwerksbedingte Knalltraumata zum Jahreswechsel 2021/2022
Authors: Flockerzi Veronika , Schick Bernhard ,   die German Acoustic Fireworks-associated Traumata Study (GAFATS) Group, Hackenberg Stephan , Ilgner Justus , Hesse Gerhard , Jecker Peter , Drews Tanja , Eichwald Herbert , Dommerich Steffen , Gerstner Andreas O. H. , Hoppe Stephanie , Ebmeyer Jörg , Thomas Jan Peter , Papst Friedemann , Hornung Joachim , Lang Stephan , Knopf Andreas , Dost Philipp , Arens Christoph , Wrobel Christian , Langer Jörg , Münscher Adrian , Gliese Alexandra , Lenarz Thomas , Bulut Olcay Cem , Hein Matti , Inhestern Johanna , Flockerzi Veronika , Schick Bernhard , Bozzato Alessandro , Federspil Philippe , Ambrosch Petra , Schmidt Sandra , Ebeling O. , Papatsoutsos Efastathios , Scherl Claudia , Gouveris Haralampos , Schmidt Sandra , Stuck Boris A. , Hofauer Benedikt , Al Kadah Base , Bumm Klaus , Jäckel Martin C. , Hilger Gregor , Muschal Birgit , Becker Sven , Evers Theo , Bozzato Alessandro 
Published: January 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Ziel war die Erhebung, wie häufig und welche Art von feuerwerksbedingten Knalltraumata in Deutschland um Silvester 2021 trotz Verkaufsverbots für Feuerwerkskörper aufgrund der COVID-19-Pandemie auftraten.

Material und Methoden
Der Erhebungszeitraum umfasste 7 Tage (28. Dezember 2021 bis 03. Januar 2022). In einem Fragebogen wurden Datum, Art und Behandlung des Traumas, Geschlecht und Alter der Patienten erhoben sowie abgefragt, ob das Trauma beim Zünden oder Betrachten von Feuerwerk auftrat. Die Hörbeeinträchtigung wurde nach der Einteilung der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO-Grade 0–4) klassifiziert und begleitender Tinnitus, Schwindel oder andere Verletzungen erfasst. Der Fragebogen wurde an die Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Abteilungen von 171 Krankenhäusern in Deutschland verschickt.

Ergebnisse
Von 37 HNO-Abteilungen meldeten 16 keine und 21 Abteilungen meldeten 50 Patienten mit feuerwerksbedingtem Knalltrauma. Das Durchschnittsalter betrug 29 ± 16 Jahre. Die Mehrzahl der Patienten war männlich (41 von 50). Es stellten sich 22 Patienten ohne und 28 mit Hörverlust vor, 32 berichteten über Tinnitus und 3 über Schwindel. Beim Zünden verletzten sich 20 Patienten und 30 als Bystander. Die Hörminderung wurde in 14 × WHO-Grad 0, 5 × WHO-Grad 1, 4 × WHO-Grad 2, 2 × WHO-Grad 3 und 3 × WHO-Grad 4 eingestuft. Stationär wurden 8 Patienten behandelt, 11 erlitten gleichzeitig Brandverletzungen.

Schlussfolgerung
Trotz des Verkaufsverbots gab es zum Jahreswechsel 2021/2022 einige Knalltraumata durch Feuerwerkskörper. Einige davon führten zu Krankenhausaufenthalten, eine deutlich höhere Dunkelziffer ist zu vermuten. Diese Studie kann als Grundlage dienen für weitere jährliche Erhebungen, um das Bewusstsein für die Gefahr des scheinbar harmlosen Feuerwerks für den Einzelnen zu schärfen.