bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The interaction game: A reciprocity‐based minimal paradigm for the induction of social distance
Authors: Biella Marco , Rebholz Tobias R. , Holthausen Miriam , Hütter Mandy 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe investigation of how social distance affects psychological phenomena has relied mostly on comparisons between strangers and acquaintances. Such an operationalization suffers from a confound between social distance and acquaintance. We propose an experimental paradigm that manipulates social distance while avoiding the aforementioned confound. By relying on reciprocity and known social tie formation mechanisms, the Interaction Game provides researchers with a powerful tool for the investigation of social distance effects without inducing negative affective or emotional states. Four preregistered experiments demonstrate the internal and external validity of the paradigm. The capability of manipulating social distance in a targeted manner constitutes a critical step towards advancing our knowledge of the impact of such metrics on human cognition and behavior. Moreover, Experiment 4 demonstrates that the Interaction Game can induce social distance that is free of acquaintanceship, and that such a minimal manipulation is sufficient for inducing close‐other favoritism in a social discounting task. These findings expand our understanding of social distance as a powerful mechanism underlying social judgments and behaviors.
Hypertension care during the COVID‐19 pandemic in an integrated health care system
Authors: Steiner John F. , Powers J. David , Malone Allen , Lyons Jason , Olson Kari , Paolino Andrea R. , Steiner Claudia A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRetention in hypertension care, medication adherence, and blood pressure (BP) may have been affected by the COVID‐19 pandemic. In a retrospective cohort study of 64 766 individuals with treated hypertension from an integrated health care system, we compared hypertension care during the year pre‐COVID‐19 (March 2019–February 2020) and the first year of COVID‐19 (March 2020–February 2021). Retention in hypertension care was defined as receiving clinical BP measurements during COVID‐19. Medication adherence was measured using prescription refills. Clinical care was assessed by in‐person and virtual visits and changes in systolic and diastolic BP. The cohort had a mean age of 67.8 (12.2) years, 51.2% were women, and 73.5% were White. In 60 757 individuals with BP measurements pre‐COVID‐19, 16618 (27.4%) had no BP measurements during COVID‐19. Medication adherence declined from 86.0% to 80.8% (p < .001). In‐person primary care visits decreased from 2.7 (2.7) to 1.4 (1.9) per year, while virtual contacts increased from 9.5 (12.2) to 11.2 (14.2) per year (both p < .001). Among individuals with BP measurements, mean (SD) systolic BP was 126.5 mm Hg (11.8) pre‐COVID‐19 and 127.3 mm Hg (12.6) during COVID‐19 (p = .14). Mean diastolic BP was 73.5 mm Hg (8.5) pre‐COVID‐19 and 73.5 mm Hg (8.7) during COVID‐19 (p = .77). Even in this integrated health care system, many individuals did not receive clinical BP monitoring during COVID‐19. Most individuals who remained in care maintained pre‐COVID BP. Targeted outreach may be necessary to restore care continuity and hypertension control at the population level.
Association of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist treatment with gastric residue in an esophagogastroduodenoscopy
Authors: Kobori Toshiko , Onishi Yukiko , Yoshida Yoko , Tahara Tazu , Kikuchi Takako , Kubota Tetsuya , Iwamoto Masahiko , Sawada Tomonobu , Kobayashi Reo , Fujiwara Hiroaki , Kasuga Masato 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAims/IntroductionPrevious studies have reported that the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist (GLP‐1RA) delays gastric emptying, and gastric emptying was assessed by the 13C breath test or paracetamol absorption technique. However, neither of them is clinically familiar in real‐world clinical practice. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between GLP‐1RA treatment and gastric residue in an esophagogastroduodenoscopy.Materials and MethodsThis study was a matched pair case–control study. The study population consisted of 1,128 individuals with diabetes who had esophagogastroduodenoscopy at our clinic between July 2020 and June 2022. To account for differences in characteristics, such as age, sex, insulin treatment and glycated hemoglobin, we carried out a one‐to‐one nearest neighbor propensity score matching analysis between diabetes patients with and without GLP‐1RA treatment. After matching, we compared the presence of gastric residue in an esophagogastroduodenoscopy by the McNemar test between patients with and without GLP‐1RA treatment.ResultsAfter the propensity score matching, we selected 205 pairs. In the propensity score‐matched comparison, the proportion of gastric residue was statistically significantly higher in the GLP‐1RA treatment group (0.49% vs 5.4%, P = 0.004). The details of GLP‐1RA prescribed for the 11 patients with gastric residue were liraglutide once daily 1.8 mg (n = 2), dulaglutide once weekly 0.75 mg (n = 5), semaglutide once weekly 0.5 mg (n = 2) and semaglutide once weekly 1.0 mg (n = 2).ConclusionGLP‐1RA treatment is associated with gastric residue in an esophagogastroduodenoscopy in patients with diabetes.
Impact of cold plasma treatment on nutritional, antinutritional, functional, thermal, rheological, and structural properties of pearl millet flour
Authors: Sarkar Ayan , Niranjan Thota , Patel Gopesh , Kheto Ankan , Tiwari Brijesh K. , Dwivedi Madhuresh 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study was planned to investigate the effect of atmospheric cold plasma (CP) treatment at different power levels (20–30 kV) for 10–20 min on physicochemical, technofunctional, and intermolecular changes of pearl millet flour (PMF). It was observed that exposure to plasma significantly modified the sample's proximate, antinutritional, functional, thermal, rheological, and morphological properties. A concomitant (p < 0.05) decreases in antinutritional factors (tannin and phytic acid) was noticed in CP‐treated PMF compared to the control sample. Maximum reduction in tannin and phytic acid was observed at 30 kV for 20 min‐treated PMF. However, scanning electron microscopy revealed significant changes in flour starch granular structure, while decreases in relative crystallinity were also observed in CP‐treated samples from 23.45% to 19.31%. In addition, an increase in water absorption capacity (1.32–1.62 g/g), oil absorption capacity (1.11–1.31 g/g), emulsifying capacity (EC; 86.58%–91.25%) and foaming capacity (FC; 10.67–12.84%), as well as a decrease in pH (7.83–6.97) were found at 30 kV for 20 min. Apart from this, high intensity CP‐treated samples showed shear thinning behavior. At the same time, the power–law model was more appropriate for determine the flow behavior index (n) and consistency coefficient (k). On the other hand, CP‐treated samples exhibit higher storage modulus values (G′), indicating an elastic response. Based on the observations, the 30 kV‐20 min‐treated sample could be used for product formulation, contains lower antinutritional factors and retaining the nutritional components and functional properties.Practical applicationsThis work has identified that exposure to cold plasma improved the physicochemical, rheological, thermal, and functional properties of pearl millet flour with considerably reducing its antinutritional content, which can be helpful for various food industries. This possibly will encourage its application in the development of various food products, (like cookies, biscuits, bread, beverages, etc.) chiefly as a functional food ingredient.
An overview of protein powders and their use in food formulations
Authors: Ermis Ertan , Tekiner Ismail Hakki , Lee Chi Ching , Ucak Sumeyye , Yetim Hasan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractProtein quality, as well as quantity, must be taken into account when designing healthy and sustainable diets and food systems. This is particularly crucial for protein powders since there is a wide range of sources and production methods affecting powder and particle properties, and protein functionality and quality. Proteins can be derived from numerous raw materials and converted into powder or particulate form for several reasons, such as ease of transportation and storage stability. Therefore, it is key to understanding the sources, processing methods, powder, and particle properties of protein powders to provide high‐quality products. This study reviews the origins of proteins, extraction techniques, and drying methods employed to produce protein powders. In addition, functional and powder properties, their use in foods, and regulatory issues are highlighted.Practical applicationsProteins are found in different foods and in food processing side streams such as de‐oiled oilseed meals. Most seeds are typically discarded as food waste worldwide, even though they have high protein content. This review provides an insight into protein sources, extraction methods, powder production techniques, and use in food formulations. It also assessed the effect of powder properties on the functional properties of proteins. To our knowledge, no reviews have been conducted on protein powders. By providing information and insights, this article should contribute to better understanding the protein powders and their use in the production of functional foods.
Care delivery approaches and perceived barriers to improving quality of care: A national survey of skilled nursing facilities
Authors: Chen Amanda C. , Epstein Arnold M. , Joynt Maddox Karen E. , Grabowski David C. , Orav E. John , Barnett Michael L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundNursing home quality of care is a persistent challenge, with recent reports calling for increased reforms to improve quality and safety. Less is known about the clinical approaches currently used and the barriers perceived by skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) to provide care for their short‐stay residents.MethodsWe conducted a nationally representative survey of SNFs from October 2020 to May 2021 to understand their care delivery approaches and perceived barriers. Our primary outcomes were the reported number of 23 separate care delivery approaches and the reported number of 12 separate barriers to reduce spending or improve care for SNF short‐stay residents. We also performed stratified analyses by facility participation in bundled payments and other SNF characteristics.ResultsWe received 377 responses from 693 SNFs contacted (response rate = 54%). SNFs reported an average of 16.8 care delivery approaches and an average of 5.0 barriers. While there were some differences observed in SNF characteristics, such as by bundled payments participation or ownership type, there were common care delivery approaches and barriers shared by most facilities. Care management practices, including reviewing the patient census and medication reconciliation on discharge, were the most common delivery approaches reported. SNFs were less likely to ensure the completion of a follow‐up appointment with a primary care provider or track repeat emergency room visits. Issues concerning staffing, such as staff turnover and/or burnout, and lack of resources to provide patients social support, mental health, and substance use services, were the most cited barriers to care delivery.ConclusionsNationally, SNFs implemented a wide array of care delivery approaches, but challenges with staffing and limited resources to address patients' social and mental health needs were dominant. Individual SNFs may have limited ability to address these key barriers, so the involvement of many stakeholders across the entire healthcare system may be necessary.
Relationship of blood thiamine pyrophosphate to plasma phosphate and the response to enteral nutrition plus co‐administration of intravenous thiamine during critical illness
Authors: Collie Jake T. B. , Jiang Alice , Abdelhamid Yasmine Ali , Ankravs Melissa , Bellomo Rinaldo , Byrne Kathleen M. , Clancy Annabelle , Finnis Mark E. , Greaves Ronda , Tascone Brianna , Deane Adam M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundHypovitamin B1 occurs frequently during critical illness but is challenging to predict or rapidly diagnose. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether plasma phosphate concentrations predict hypovitamin B1, enteral nutrition prevents hypovitamin B1 and intravenous thiamine supplementation achieves supraphysiological concentrations in critically ill patients.MethodsThirty‐two enterally fed critically ill patients, with a plasma phosphate concentration ≤0.65 mmol/L, formed a nested cohort within a larger randomised clinical trial. Patients were assigned to receive intravenous thiamine (200 mg) twice daily, and controls were not administered intravenous thiamine. Thiamine pyrophosphate concentrations were measured at four time points (pre‐ and post‐infusion and 4‐ and 6‐h post‐infusion) on days 1 and 3 in those allocated to thiamine and once in the control group.ResultsBaseline thiamine pyrophosphate concentrations were similar (intervention 88 [67, 93] vs. control 89 [62, 110] nmol/L,p = 0.49). Eight (25%) patients had hypovitamin B1 (intervention 3 vs. control 5), with two patients in the control group remaining insufficient at day 3. There was no association between baseline phosphate and thiamine pyrophosphate concentrations. Intravenous thiamine achieved supraphysiological concentrations 6 h post first infusion, with concentrations increasing to day 3. In the control group, thiamine pyrophosphate concentrations were not statistically different between baseline and day 3 (mean change: 8.6 [−6.0, 23.1] nmol/L,p = 0.25).ConclusionsPhosphate concentrations did not predict hypovitamin B1, which was observed in 25% of the participants. Enteral nutrition alone prevented the development of new hypovitamin B1. Administration of a single 200‐mg dose of intravenous thiamine achieved supraphysiological concentrations of thiamine pyrophosphate, with repeated dosing sustaining this effect.
Effect modification of socioeconomic status on the association of exposure to famine in early life with osteoporosis in women
Authors: Zhao Hongfei , Fan Lin , Yi Xianhong , Zhu Linghui , Liu Xiaotian , Hou Jian , Zhang Gongyuan , Pan Jun , Wang Chongjian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe present study aimed to explore the effect of modification of socioeconomic status (SES) on the association between famine exposure in early life and osteoporosis in adulthood via the baseline data from the Henan Rural cohort study.MethodsA total of 2669 exposed to famine participants were selected from the Henan Rural cohort, and the questionnaires, physical examination and bone mineral density measurement were completed. Specific birth years were used to define five groups: the fetal exposed group, early‐childhood exposed group, mid‐childhood exposed group, late‐childhood exposed group and unexposed group. And the age‐matched control group was a combination of the unexposed group and late‐childhood exposed group. Multivariable logistic regression models were utilised to analyse the association of famine exposure in early life with osteoporosis in adulthood.ResultsThe prevalence rates of osteoporosis of participants exposed to famine during the fetal period, early‐childhood, mid‐childhood and the age‐matched group were 21.67%, 25.76%, 23.90% and 18.14%, respectively. The adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of participants suffering from famine during the fetal period, early‐childhood and mid‐childhood versus age‐matched group were 1.19 (0.82–1.73), 1.40 (1.04–1.88) and 1.57 (1.16–2.13), respectively. The female participants yielded consistent results. The risk of osteoporosis was higher in more severe famine eara. Moreover, an attenuated effect of early life famine exposure on osteoporosis was observed in female participants with high SES.ConclusionsExposure to famine in early life showed a sex‐specific association with an increased risk of osteoporosis in adulthood and the severity of famine may exacerbate this association. In addition, the risk could be modified by SES.
Family carer and professional perceptions of the potential use of telehealth for behavioural support
Authors: Tomlinson S. R. L. , Gore N. , McGill P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundTelehealth (i.e. the use of technology across distance) is widespread in many fields. Although its use for behavioural support for people with intellectual or developmental disabilities (IDD) is emerging, there are no known studies examining stakeholder perceptions of this.MethodsA four‐round Delphi consultation was conducted with 11 professionals and six family carers of children with IDD to generate consensus on what would influence participants' use of telehealth for behavioural support. Data were collected prior to the coronavirus pandemic.ResultsThirty‐six items reached consensus for professionals (26 advantages and 10 disadvantages/barriers) and 22 for family carers (8 advantages and 14 disadvantages/barriers). A range of solutions were also identified for the disadvantages/barriers.ConclusionsParticipants were willing to use telehealth for behavioural support. However, disadvantages/barriers need to be addressed, and guidelines relating to the use of telehealth in this field are needed. We report a number of practice recommendations including combining telehealth with in‐person supports where possible, incorporating video technologies, and considering client perspectives and confidence with telehealth methodologies.
Milestone Review: Metabolic dynamics of glutamate and GABA mediated neurotransmission — The essential roles of astrocytes
Authors: Andersen Jens V. , Schousboe Arne 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSince it was first generally accepted that the two amino acids glutamate and GABA act as principal neurotransmitters, several landmark discoveries relating to this function have been uncovered. Synaptic homeostasis of these two transmitters involves several cell types working in close collaboration and is facilitated by specialized cellular processes. Notably, glutamate and GABA are extensively recycled between neurons and astrocytes in a process known as the glutamate/GABA‐glutamine cycle, which is essential to maintain synaptic transmission. The glutamate/GABA‐glutamine cycle is intimately coupled to cellular energy metabolism and relies on the metabolic function of both neurons and astrocytes. Importantly, astrocytes display unique metabolic features allowing extensive metabolite release, hereby providing metabolic support for neurons. Furthermore, astrocytes undergo complex metabolic adaptations in response to injury and pathology, which may greatly affect the glutamate/GABA‐glutamine cycle and synaptic transmission during disease. In this Milestone Review we outline major discoveries in relation to synaptic balancing of glutamate and GABA signaling, including cellular uptake, metabolism, and recycling. We provide a special focus on how astrocyte function and metabolism contribute to sustain neuronal transmission through metabolite transfer. Recent advances on cellular glutamate and GABA homeostasis are reviewed in the context of brain pathology, including glutamate toxicity and neurodegeneration. Finally, we consider how pathological astrocyte metabolism may serve as a potential target of metabolic intervention. Integrating the multitude of fine‐tuned cellular processes supporting neurotransmitter recycling, will aid the next generation of major discoveries on brain glutamate and GABA homeostasis.image
Expression of p53 and Rb reveal subtypes of gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma with distinct prognosis
Authors: Xing Jiazhang , Chen Jingci , You Tingting , Sun Zhao , Lu Tao , Cheng Yuejuan , Wu Huanwen , Bai Chunmei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGastric neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) is a rare tumor with a poor prognosis. Due to its rarity and disparity in prevalence across populations, there is limited data on gastric NEC. TP53 and RB1 genetic alterations or expression were reported for predictive value in neuroendocrine neoplasm and classification in pulmonary large cell NEC. This study investigated the genetic alteration and protein expression of TP53 and RB1 in gastric NEC. Thirty‐nine patients were categorized as type A and B subtypes by p53 and Rb expression. Patients with concurrent abnormal p53 and Rb expression were defined as the type A group, and the remainder were defined as the type B group. Significant differences in TNM stages, tumor size, and lymph node metastasis were observed between the two subtypes. Type A characteristic is an independent predictor for worse overall survival (HR: 3.27; 95% CI: 1.12–9.58; p = .022). We further evaluated and compared immunotherapy‐related markers, including PD‐L1 expression, CD8 T cell infiltration, tumor mutation burden, and microsatellite instability in these two subtypes, whereas no significant differences were detected.
Periodontal disease and its association to endothelial dysfunction and clinical changes in limited systemic sclerosis: A case–control study
Authors: Jud Philipp , Wimmer Gernot , Meinitzer Andreas , Strohmaier Heimo , Schwantzer Gerold , Moazedi‐Fürst Florentine , Schweiger Leyla , Brodmann Marianne , Hafner Franz , Arefnia Behrouz 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesPeriodontal disease occurs frequently in patients with limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis (lcSSc) while data about underlying pathways contributing to periodontal changes are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate periodontal disease and to investigate its association with endothelial dysfunction and clinical changes in patients with lcSSc.MethodsIn 38 lcSSc patients and 38 controls, periodontal status was evaluated by disease‐specific questionnaire, dental examination including bleeding on probing (BOP), pocket depth, and plaque index, and dental panoramic radiograph. Periodontopathogen bacteria were collected subgingivally using paper points and interleukin‐1 (IL‐1) gene polymorphisms were evaluated using buccal swabs. Endothelial dysfunction was measured by flow‐mediated dilatation, pulse‐wave velocity and biochemical analysis, including arginine metabolites and endothelial microparticles. Additionally, lcSSc‐specific clinical changes and parameters were recorded.ResultsPeriodontitis was present in 31 patients with lcSSc (81.6%) and in 27 controls (71.1%) (p = .280). LcSSc patients had a lower teeth number (p = .039) and Eikenella corrodens was to a higher degree detectable in patients with lcSSc (p = .041) while the remaining periodontal parameters revealed no differences between both cohorts. Significant correlations between parameters of arterial stiffness, EUSTAR index, number of teeth and BOP were observed (all p < .05). Detection of Prevotella intermedia was associated with selected IL‐1 gene polymorphisms (p = .032) and Porphyromonas gingivalis was associated with severe periodontitis (p = .041).ConclusionPeriodontal disease may occur frequently in patients with lcSSc and may be associated with arterial stiffness and with SSc activity.