bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UNESCO, the OECD and the World Bank: A Global Governance Perspective
Authors: Elfert Maren , Ydesen Christian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis chapter provides an introduction and critical discussion of the epistemic and ontological underpinnings of UNESCO, the OECD and the World Bank and gives an overview of the educational work of these three organizations from a global governance perspective. Based on their divergent ideologies and modes of governance, we conceptualize UNESCO as the “idealist”, the OECD as the “master of persuasion”, and the World Bank as the “master of coercion”. The chapter demonstrates how the three international organizations have engaged with similar ideas and approaches, collaborated when it served their interests and struggled for influence and impact on the design and workings of the global governance in education.
The Role of Open Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Chest Trauma Patients with No Sign of Life: A National Trauma Data Bank Study
Authors: Chang Yau‐Ren , Kuo Ling‐Wei , Hsu Ting‐An , Tee Yu‐San , Fu Chih‐Yuan , Bajani Francesco , Mis Justin , Poulakidas Stathis , Bokhari Faran 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeThe effectiveness of open cardiopulmonary resuscitation (OCPR) remains controversial for trauma patients. In this current study, the role of OCPR in managing chest trauma patients is evaluated using nationwide real‐world data.MethodsFrom 2014 to 2015, the National Trauma Data Bank was retrospectively queried for chest trauma patients with out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest status. The emergency department (ED) and overall survival of patients without signs of life were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression (MLR) analysis was performed to evaluate independent factors of mortality for the target group. Furthermore, a subset group of patients who survived after the ED were studied, focusing on the duration of survival after leaving the ED.ResultsA total of 911 patients were enrolled in this study (OCPR vs. non‐OCPR: 161 patients vs. 750 patients). The average overall mortality rate was 98.6% (N = 898). Among penetrating chest trauma patients, non‐survivors in the ED had significantly higher proportions of gunshot injuries (83.9% vs. 69.7%, p = 0.001) and lower proportions of OCPR (20.7% vs. 44.4%, p < 0.001). MLR analysis showed that gunshot injuries and non‐OCPR were significantly related to ED mortality in penetrating trauma patients without signs of life (odds ratio = 2.039, p = 0.006 and odds ratio = 2.900, p < 0.001, respectively). However, the overall survival rate of patients after ED survival (n = 99) was 9.9%, and only 21.2% (n = 21) of them survived more than 1 day after leaving the ED.ConclusionOCPR could be considered in situations where appropriate indications exist. The survival benefit was observed in critically ill patients with penetrating chest trauma who show no signs of life. By enhancing ED survival, OCPR may also contribute to overall survival improvement.
First implementation of dynamic oxygen-17 (17O) magnetic resonance imaging at 7 Tesla during neuronal stimulation in the human brain
Authors: Ebersberger Louise , Kratzer Fabian J. , Franke Vanessa L. , Nagel Armin M. , Niesporek Sebastian C. , Korzowski Andreas , Ladd Mark E. , Schlemmer Heinz-Peter , Paech Daniel , Platt Tanja 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
First implementation of dynamic oxygen-17 (17O) MRI at 7 Tesla (T) during neuronal stimulation in the human brain.

Methods
Five healthy volunteers underwent a three-phase 17O gas (17O2) inhalation experiment. Combined right-side visual stimulus and right-hand finger tapping were used to achieve neuronal stimulation in the left cerebral hemisphere. Data analysis included the evaluation of the relative partial volume (PV)-corrected time evolution of absolute 17O water (H217O) concentration and of the relative signal evolution without PV correction. Statistical analysis was performed using a one-tailed paired t test. Blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) experiments were performed to validate the stimulation paradigm.

Results
The BOLD maps showed significant activity in the stimulated left visual and sensorimotor cortex compared to the non-stimulated right side. PV correction of 17O MR data resulted in high signal fluctuations with a noise level of 10% due to small regions of interest (ROI), impeding further quantitative analysis. Statistical evaluation of the relative H217O signal with PV correction (p = 0.168) and without (p = 0.382) did not show significant difference between the stimulated left and non-stimulated right sensorimotor ROI.

Discussion
The change of cerebral oxygen metabolism induced by sensorimotor and visual stimulation is not large enough to be reliably detected with the current setup and methodology of dynamic 17O MRI at 7 T.
Achieving competitive advantage through technology-driven proactive supply chain risk management: an empirical study
Authors: Jegan Joseph Jerome Jude , Sonwaney Vandana , Bryde David , Graham Gary 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWhilst there has been previous work focused on the role of technologies in enhancing supply chain risk management and, through such an enhancement, increased competitive advantage, there is a research gap in terms of understanding the links between external institution pressures and internal adoption factors. We use institutional theory (IT) and the resource based view (RBV) of the firm to address this gap, developing a framework showing how a proactive technology-driven approach to supply chain risk management, combining both external with internal factors, can result in competitive advantage. We validate the framework through analysis of quantitative data collected via a survey of 218 firms in the manufacturing and logistics industry sectors in India. We specifically focus on the technologies of track-and-trace (T&T) and big data analytics (BDA). Our findings show that firms investing in T&T/BDA technologies can gain operational benefits in terms of uninterrupted information processing, reduced time disruptions and uninterrupted supply, which in turn gives them competitive advantage. We add further novelty to our study by demonstrating the moderating influences of organisational culture and flexibility on the relationship between the technological capabilities and the operational benefits.
Stieleria tagensis sp. nov., a novel member of the phylum Planctomycetota isolated from Tagus River in Portugal
Authors: Godinho Ofélia , Klimek Dominika , Jackiewicz Adrianna , Guedes Bárbara , Almeida Eduarda , Calisto Rita , Vitorino Inês Rosado , Santos José Diogo Neves , González Ignacio , Lobo-da-Cunha Alexandre , Calusinska Magdalena , Quinteira Sandra , Lage Olga Maria 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA bacterial strain was isolated from a brackish water sample of Tagus river, Alcochete, Portugal and was designated TO1_6T. It forms light pink colonies on M13 medium supplemented with N-acetylglucosamine. Cells are pear-shaped to spherical, form rosettes and divide by budding. Strain TO1_6T presents a mesophilic and neutrophilic profile, with optimum growth at 20 to 25 °C and pH 7.0 to 7.5, and vitamin supplementation is not required to promote its growth. The genome of the novel isolate is 7.77 Mbp in size and has a DNA G + C content of 56.3%. Based on its 16S rRNA gene sequence, this strain is affiliated with the phylum Planctomycetota. Further taxonomic characterization using additional phylogenetic markers, namely rpoB gene sequence (encoding the β-subunit of the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase), as well as Percentage of conserved proteins, average nucleotide identity and average amino acid identity, suggest the affiliation of strain TO1_6T to the genus Stieleria, a recently described taxon in the family Pirellulaceae, order Pirellulales and class Planctomycetia. Based on the genotypic, phylogenetic and physiological characterization, we here describe a new species represented by the type strain TO1_6T (= CECT 30432T, = LMG 32465T), for which the name Stieleria tagensis sp. nov. is proposed.
UVS: underwater visual SLAM—a robust monocular visual SLAM system for lifelong underwater operations
Authors: Leonardi Marco , Stahl Annette , Brekke Edmund Førland , Ludvigsen Martin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a visual simultaneous localization and mapping (VSLAM/visual SLAM) system called underwater visual SLAM (UVS) system is presented, specifically tailored for camera-only navigation in natural underwater environments. The UVS system is particularly optimized towards precision and robustness, as well as lifelong operations. We build upon Oriented features from accelerated segment test and Rotated Binary robust independent elementary features simultaneous localization and mapping (ORB-SLAM) and improve the accuracy by performing an exact search in the descriptor space during triangulation and the robustness by utilizing a unified initialization method and a motion model. In addition, we present a scale-agnostic station-keeping detection, which aims to optimize the map and poses during station-keeping, and a pruning strategy, which takes into account the point’s age and distance to the active keyframe. An exhaustive evaluation is presented to the reader, using a total of 38 in-air and underwater sequences.
Law enforcement, social demands and reputation risks as drivers of compliance functions: a comparative analysis of the largest banks’ disclosures in the UK and Brazil
Authors: de Souza Myrna Calmon Santos , de Souza Rodrigo Silva 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGiven the recent recurring cases of financial crime worldwide, national and international regulators have enacted new regulatory instruments intended to prevent or inhibit unlawful acts by banks and their representatives. These stricter regulations regarding the operations of financial institutions have reinforced the importance of best practices and the role of compliance within banks. Nonetheless, regulations regarding compliance structures and functions are not yet mandatory and give great flexibility to banks to define how they will set their compliance programmes. This research aims to understand how compliance functions have been implemented in the two largest banks in the UK and Brazil as a governance mechanism to fight financial crimes such as bribery and corruption. Document analyses of websites and financial reports of these banks examine disclosures provided by these corporations and shed light on the main drivers influencing their transparency regarding compliance functions, roles and responsibilities and their connections to the bank’s operations and profitability goals. This research demonstrates that the implementation and enhancement of compliance functions in UK and Brazilian banks are driven by attempts to respond to regulatory requirements, social demands and as a reputational risk instrument, reflecting different levels of development in each institution. The maturity of these disclosures demonstrates that Brazilian banks present a more reactive attitude, justifying their investments in compliance according to minimum law requirements, while banks in the UK tend to have a more proactive perspective on their compliance initiatives, reinforcing their importance for the bank’s competitive advantage and long-term continuity beyond regulatory compliance.
Remote Sensing of the Light-Obscuring Smoke Properties in Real-Scale Fires Using a Photometric Measurement Method
Authors: Börger Kristian , Belt Alexander , Schultze Thorsten , Arnold Lukas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA new photometric measurement method for the determination of temporally and spatially resolved light extinction coefficients in laboratory fire tests was recently presented. The approach relies on capturing the change in intensity of individual light sources (LEDs) due to fire smoke using a commercially available digital camera. Comparing the results for red light LEDs to measurements of the well-established MIREX system indicates the model is capable of capturing the investigated phenomena. However, a significant underestimation of this reference measurement taken in the infrared range is inconsistent with the expected increase of the extinction coefficients with lower wavelengths. In the context of new experimental investigations, this deficiency was remedied by evaluating multible colour channels of RAW image data instead of the previously used JPG files. Furthermore, extending the experimental setup by several LED strips as well as a second camera allows to verify the hypothesis of a homogeneous smoke layering. The study covers eight experiments including n-heptane fuel in style of the well documented EN 54 TF 5 testfire as well as two additional experiments with an n-heptane-toluene mixture. Considering spatial resolution as well as the high reproducibility of the results, the method appears to be a convenient tool for the validation of numerical visibility models. Nevertheless, a sensitivity analysis identified uncertainties that need to be addressed in upcoming investigations to further improve the accuracy.
Understanding Esports-related Betting and Gambling: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Mangat Harshdeep S. , Griffiths Mark D , Yu Shu M. , Felvinczi Katalin , Ngetich Ronald K. , Demetrovics Zsolt , Czakó Andrea 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEsports gambling has steadily grown in popularity alongside esports itself. While research has been increasing in the field of esports-related gambling, no study has yet reviewed the relevant literature on esports gambling. The present study aimed to comprehensively review all empirical research conducted in the wider field of esports gambling. A systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was undertaken using PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Only empirical studies were included and were also assessed for potential biases using the ROBUST guidelines. A total of 30 studies from eight countries were included in the review. Esports gamblers were found more likely to be young males, likely to score high on problematic gambling scales, and likely to belong to households speaking a non-English language at home in English speaking countries. Esports gamblers are a unique type of gambling population, with rare characteristics and behaviors compared to other types of gamblers. Given the limited number of studies, there is a need for further research in this field to understand these populations, as well as the need for longitudinal research.
Phytotoxicity of coal waste elutriates (Douro Coalfield, North Portugal) in Lactuca sativa
Authors: Diogo Bárbara S. , Narayan Aracelis , Mansilha Catarina , Marques Jorge Espinha , Flores Deolinda , Antunes Sara C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOne of the most important mining areas in the Douro Carboniferous Basin is the Pejão Coalfield. In the summer of 2017, a wildfire promoted the ignition and self-burning some of the coal waste piles in the area and caused important environmental changes, promoting a new heterogenic pedological zonation. This study aims to assess the ecotoxicological effects of 25 soil elutriates from these different soil types in seed germination and individual (emergence, growth, and morphologic alterations) and subindividual parameters in Lactuca sativa. The different evaluated endpoints were differently affected regarding the soil elutriate revealing the high heterogeneity of soil characteristics. The presence of different potentially toxic elements (e.g., Cd, Cr, Pb, Zn) in soil elutriates, even in low concentrations, caused effects on L. sativa development. Unburned coal wastes and downhill soil elutriates were able to inhibit the germination of L. sativa and affect them individually and sub-individually (decrease in size, biomass, and presence of morphological alterations). Additionally, it was observed that all soil elutriates induce a decrease in root size. The results highlight the importance of using elutriate samples in phytotoxicity studies of coal mining waste, since the tailings lixiviate may reduce plant establishment and growth, affecting the terrestrial ecosystems. The integrated use of seed germination assays with the analysis of morphological and biochemical alterations in plants proved to be sensitive parameters to evaluate the phytotoxicity of coal mining wastes.
The Dynamics of Psychological Distress in the Trajectory of At-Risk and Problem Gambling: Results from a Prospective Population-Based Longitudinal Study in Australia
Authors: Yeung Kristal , Wraith Darren , Gatton Michelle 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study employed parallel growth curve modelling to examine the changes in both psychological distress and at-risk and problem gambling as a development process. We used a prospective longitudinal population-based study to provide further insights beyond treatment samples and cross-sectional studies. A secondary data analysis was conducted by extracting a sample of 3460 Victorian adults from the Victorian Gambling Study 2008–2011. Findings suggested that psychological distress was a consistent risk factor for at-risk and problem gambling, as measured by the problem gambling severity index (PGSI), after controlling for other risk factors such as sex, age, histories of at-risk and problem gambling, and the experience of trauma. A more rapid increase in psychological distress over time was related to a more rapid increase in the PGSI trajectory. It is concluded that this study supports a positive association in the development trends of problem gambling severity and psychological distress in individuals who engaged in gambling. The association persists after adjusting for histories of gambling problem risk and the experience of trauma in life. The implications of the study suggest addressing the comorbidity of problem gambling risk and psychological distress in treatment and prevention, and the development of dual-diagnosis treatment programs.
Classification of breast lesions in ultrasound images using deep convolutional neural networks: transfer learning versus automatic architecture design
Authors: AlZoubi Alaa , Lu Feng , Zhu Yicheng , Ying Tao , Ahmed Mohmmed , Du Hongbo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDeep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) have demonstrated promising performance in classifying breast lesions in 2D ultrasound (US) images. Exiting approaches typically use pre-trained models based on architectures designed for natural images with transfer learning. Fewer attempts have been made to design customized architectures specifically for this purpose. This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation on transfer learning based solutions and automatically designed networks, analyzing the accuracy and robustness of different recognition models in three folds. First, we develop six different DCNN models (BNet, GNet, SqNet, DsNet, RsNet, IncReNet) based on transfer learning. Second, we adapt the Bayesian optimization method to optimize a CNN network (BONet) for classifying breast lesions. A retrospective dataset of 3034 US images collected from various hospitals is then used for evaluation. Extensive tests show that the BONet outperforms other models, exhibiting higher accuracy (83.33%), lower generalization gap (1.85%), shorter training time (66 min), and less model complexity (approximately 0.5 million weight parameters). We also compare the diagnostic performance of all models against that by three experienced radiologists. Finally, we explore the use of saliency maps to explain the classification decisions made by different models. Our investigation shows that saliency maps can assist in comprehending the classification decisions.
Graphical Abstract
Inertial Halpern-type method for solving split feasibility and fixed point problems via dynamical stepsize in real Banach spaces
Authors: Ugwunnadi G. C. , Abass H. A. , Aphane M. , Oyewole O. K. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce a modified Halpern inertial method for approximating solutions of split feasibility problem and fixed point problem of Bregman strongly nonexpansive mappings in the framework of p-uniformly convex and uniformly smooth real Banach spaces. We establish a strong convergence result for the sequence generated by our iterative scheme under some mild conditions without the computation of the operator norm. We state some consequences and present some examples to show the efficiency and implementation of our proposed method. The result discussed in this paper extends and generalizes many recent results in this direction. Our result extends and complements some related results in literature.
Co-clustering contaminated data: a robust model-based approach
Authors: Fibbi Edoardo , Perrotta Domenico , Torti Francesca , Van Aelst Stefan , Verdonck Tim 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe exploration and analysis of large high-dimensional data sets calls for well-thought techniques to extract the salient information from the data, such as co-clustering. Latent block models cast co-clustering in a probabilistic framework that extends finite mixture models to the two-way setting. Real-world data sets often contain anomalies which could be of interestper seand may make the results provided by standard, non-robust procedures unreliable. Also estimation of latent block models can be heavily affected by contaminated data. We propose an algorithm to compute robust estimates for latent block models. Experiments on both simulated and real data show that our method is able to resist high levels of contamination and can provide additional insight into the data by highlighting possible anomalies.
Connecting mathematics to STEM education: interdisciplinary teaching and learning facilitation
Authors: Makonye Judah P. , Moodley Nageshwari Pam 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn interdisciplinary Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) education, empirical evidence is required that points to the educational contribution of mathematics. Specifically, researchers are not clear how mathematics weaves itself through the STEM education meta-discourse. This article contributes to pedagogical practices in educational institutions where STEM has been newly introduced - What are the perceptions and experiences of South African teachers on interdisciplinary STEM education, and how do mathematics and interdisciplinary STEM discourses leverage each other at schools of specialisation (SoS) in South Africa? Participant teachers were drawn from ten SoS in South Africa. SoS are STEM-dense schools in South Africa’s Gauteng Province, the country’s industrial and commercial hub. Interview data was collected on teachers’ experiences and practices to explore the affordances of Mathematics and other STEM disciplines to influencing curriculum advancement. Situated cognition, mathematics as explorations and flow theory informed this qualitative study. In the findings, technology was regarded as raising learner motivation and mathematical achievement. Important to the study is that participants have a high regard for mathematics’ role in interdisciplinary STEM education. In the study, teachers had no autonomy to pursue the STEM agenda, as they were bound to adhere to a prescribed curriculum, which hardly refers to implementation of interdisciplinary STEM education. Various recommendations are proffered, such as maintaining the positive perceptions participants have on the role of mathematics in STEM curricula. The research calls for equality and equity of all the STEM disciplines, as one STEM curricula cannot succeed without the other.