bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parabolic gratings enhance the X-ray sensitivity of Talbot interferograms
Authors: Zangi Pouria , Ikematsu Katsumasa , Meyer Pascal , Takano Hidekazu , Wu Yanlin , Gutekunst Josephine , Börner Martin , Last Arndt , Korvink Jan G. , Momose Atsushi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In grating-based X-ray Talbot interferometry, the wave nature of X-ray radiation is exploited to generate phase contrast images of objects that do not generate sufficient contrast in conventional X-ray imaging relying on X-ray absorption. The phase sensitivity of this interferometric technique is proportional to the interferometer length and inversely proportional to the period of gratings. However, the limited spatial coherency of X-rays limits the maximum interferometer length, and the ability to obtain smaller-period gratings is limited by the manufacturing process. Here, we propose a new optical configuration that employs a combination of a converging parabolic micro-lens array and a diverging micro-lens array, instead of a binary phase grating. Without changing the grating period or the interferometer length, the phase signal is enhanced because the beam deflection by a sample is amplified through the array of converging-diverging micro-lens pairs. We demonstrate that the differential phase signal detected by our proposed set-up is twice that of a Talbot interferometer, using the same binary absorption grating, and with the same overall inter-grating distance.
Technology diffusion and climate action: A leader-follower model
Authors: Brandt Urs Steiner , Svendsen Gert Tinggaard 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Can a small technology-developing country increase technology diffusion to developing countries in climate action? We argue that when a country takes into account all direct and indirect benefits from pushing forward the transnational diffusion of national green technology, a free transfer may give the country a net benefit. This result is driven by the idea that technology transfer partnerships enable the countries to tailor technology development to best fit the special circumstances of receiving countries. Such decentralized cooperation can pave the way for scalable technology diffusion. The focus is on one country's renewable energy technology development and how this can affect climate action in major developing countries such as China and India. We propose a leader-follower model between the technology-developing country and the developing country that allows complex payoffs and focuses on a situation in which one country makes a cooperative move to solve the inherent collective action problem. This effective shared learning platform has an upscaling potential, and international organizations, such as the European External Action Service, could further facilitate technology diffusion to developing countries.JEL codesD73, O19, Q56
How to predict the density of liquids up to the Gigapascal range knowing only data obtained at ambient pressure: the Tait equation meets the phonon theory of liquids
Authors: Postnikov Eugene B. , Belenkov Roman N. , Chorążewski Mirosław 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Predicting the density of liquids at ultrahigh pressures in the case when only the data measured at ambient pressure are available is a long-standing challenge for thermodynamic research. In this work, we archived this goal for molecular liquids by applying the half-sum of the Tait equation and the Murnagnan equation in the form coordinated with Tait’s at low pressure for predicting the density of molecular liquids up to the pressures more than 1 GPa with uncertainty comparable with the experimental one. It is shown that the control parameter, which is needed in addition to the initial density and the isothermal compressibility can be found using the speed of sound and the density at ambient pressure and has a clear physical interpretation in terms of the characteristic frequency of intermolecular oscillation mimicking the limiting frequency of Debye’s theory of heat conductivity of solids. This fact is discussed as arguing in favour of the modern phonon theory of liquid thermodynamics and expands it range of applicability to the volumetric properties of liquids at temperatures far below the critical one. The validity of the model is illustrated with the case study of classic Bridgman’s dataset as well as with some examples of ultrahigh-pressure data obtained by the diamond anvil cell and shock wave compression methods.
Quantum chemical investigations on a supramolecular porphyrin-fulleropyrrolidine dyads for photovoltaic devices
Authors: Bhattacharya Shalmali , Saha Shiv Sankar , Chatterjee Soumya , bhattacharya sumanta 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The present paper deals with the estimation of conformational stability and determination of electronic structures of H2-porphyrin-fulleropyrrolidine (1) and zincporphyrin–fulleropyrrolidine (2) dyads by ab initio (HF)and density functional theory (DFT) calculations in vacuo. In dyads 1 and 2, fulleropyrrolidine is directly linked to the tetrapyrrolic rings by ethylene subunits. Both HF and DFT calculations establish that possibility of photoinduced electron transfer (PET) phenomenon is higher in case of 2 compared to 1. Investigation on frontier molecular orbitals at different electronic states reveal that the highest occupied molecular orbital and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of these supramolecules is delocalized due to PET phenomenon. Generation of molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) maps by both HF and DFT calculations substantiate the PET phenomenon (as stated above) and establish that the direction of electron transfer occurs from the porphyrin subunits to the fulleropyrrolidine in dyads 1 and 2.
Physiotherapy Students’ Expectations of Their First Clinical Internship: A Qualitative Study.
Authors: Mestres-Soler Olga , Marques-Sole Elena , Granel Nina , Arnal-Gómez Anna , Tolsada-Velasco Catalina , Hernández-Guillén David , Gómez-Ibáñez Rebeca 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background. Physiotherapy students’ expectations of their first clinical education year can be over- or under-estimated. Expectations are related to motivational aspects of behaviour as well as satisfaction, so they may have some influence on academic performance.
Objective. The aim of this study is to describe physiotherapy students’ expectations related to their first clinical internship.
Methods. Qualitative, exploratory study. Participants included physiotherapy students prior to initiating their first clinical internship. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The data were analysed using thematic analysis, as proposed by Braun and Clarke. The study protocol was approved by the University of Valencia Ethics Committee of Human Research.
Results. This study included 12 students (six being women; average age 24.2±8.4 years), which was sufficient to reach data saturation. We identified 12 subcategories within five categories: i) perceived meaning of practical training, ii) reference figure during clinical internship, iii) Emotions felt in the first practical training sessions, iv) the easiest and most difficult part of practical training sessions, and v) clinical placement selection factors.
Conclusions. The study has provided detailed explanation of the students’ perceived meaning of the practical training being demonstrated that students gave a real significance to the clinical internship. Positive and negative emotions were present combined with a great enthusiasm to achieve their positives expectations. There was a substantial alignment between expectations of physiotherapy students before their first clinical internshipand the reality, which had a positive impact on their practical learning.
PRMT5 Promotes Esophageal Carcinoma Metastasis by Enhancing PAK1 Phosphorylation
Authors: Wu Guowu , Zou Xiaofang , Lin Yiwen , Meng Yuhua , Chen Shuanglong , Gu Yinfang , Guo Longhua , Yi Lilan , Dong Hongmei , Wang Lu , Zhang Dianzheng , Zhang Hao 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), a member of protein arginine methyltransferases, is an enzyme catalyzing the methylation of arginine residuals of histones and non-histone proteins to serve as one of many critical posttranslational modifications (PTMs). Phosphorylated P21-activated kinase 1 (p-PAK1), a member of serine/threonine protein kinases family, is a cytoskeletal protein playing a critical role in metastasis. This study aimed to explore the potential therapeutic value of PRMT5 and p-PAK1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).
Methods and results
PRMT5 expression in 106 primary human ESCC tissues with their adjacent non-cancerous tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Cell migration was detected by wound healing assays. Finally, we evaluated the clinical significance of PRMT5 combined with PAK1 and p-PAK1 by IHC staining. PRMT5 is upregulated in ESCC and the level of PRMT5 is not only correlated with metastasis but also can serve as an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (OS). PRMT5 knockdown remarkably inhibited ESCC cell migration with concomitantly reduced levels of phosphorylated PAK1 (p-PAK1). IHC assay of human ESCC tissue revealed that the levels of PRMT5 are highly correlated with that of p-PAK1. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the OS of patients with PRMT5high/p-PAK1high are significantly shorter than the others (PRMT5high/p-PAK1low, PRMT5low/p-PAK1low, and PRMT5low/p-PAK1high).
Conclusions
Targeting the PRMT5-p-PAK1 axis is of potential values in ESCC stratification and treatment.
Prediction of texture on two cultivars’ table grapes based on weight loss during ambient storage
Authors: Cheng Xiaoyan , Bai Yuhe , Oyom William , Wu Yuanling , Bi Yang , Zhao Youyi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Texture is an important indicator to evaluate the quality of table grapes. However, there is no convenient and fast method to estimate the texture on grapes. Hence, this study evaluated the texture of two table grapes (cvs. Red Globe and Wink) through weight loss-dependent modeling under ambient storage. The weight loss and textural properties of the Polynomial, Boltzmann, and ExpDec2 models were found to better fit the obtained data. The equations were proved to be more efficient in describing the change in weight loss and texture of 'Red Globe' and 'Wink', with the best equations fitted to the weight loss and textural parameters having an average mean standard error of 3.78%. The feasibility of the established models was evaluated, and parametric confidence intervals of the equations were proposed to fit the different varieties of grapes. According to our findings, the textural quality of table grapes can be predicted by weight loss. The results may offer a critically convenient and fast method to estimate the texture on grapes for industry.
Preparation of C-terminal epitope imprinted particles for recognition of cytochrome c assisted with γ-cyclodextrin by host-guest interaction
Authors: Ji Wenquan , Wang Yongjian , Zhang Hongfeng , Zhao Jin , Li Qinran , Deng Qiliang , Sun Donglan , Liu Tianjun 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A kind of epitope surface imprinted particles was synthesized to selective recognize cytochrome c (Cyt c) by a novel strategy assisted with γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) by host-guest interaction. C-terminal epitope nonapeptide of Cyt c was chosen as the template. γ-CD was immobilized on the surface of the silica as an encapsulated molecule to capture the template and improve the corresponding spatial orientation by the host-guest interaction in the recognition of the imprinted materials for the peptide and target protein. After γ-CD and the epitope modified, the surface imprinted polymer assisted with the host-guest interaction was synthesized with monomers and cross-linkers by radical polymerization strategy. The epitope surface imprinted particles were obtained after the peptide removed. The imprinted polymers prepared with the optimized condition achieved the best binding capability, 2.89 mg·g-1 AE-9 with the IF=4.07 and 37.58 mg·g-1 Cyt c with the IF=3.38. The efficiency and selectivity for protein recognition were also satisfactory. Additionally, the imprinted particles assisting by γ-CD have good reusability with 89.89% of the original after five sorption-elution cycles and showed significantly better recognized ability (IF=3.38) than those without γ-CD assisting (IF=1.44). Furthermore, the performance of Cyt c recognition in bovine serum sample by the imprinted polymers was calculated by HPLC. These results indicated that this epitope imprinted method assisted with the host-guest recognition interaction by γ-CD exhibited well specific recognition abilities towards the target protein Cyt c and potential application for Cyt c recognition in biological sample.
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Method Validation for Simultaneous Quantitation of Five Phytoestrogenic Flavonoids
Authors: Cruz John Carlo dela , Quiming Noel , Nicolas Marilou , Velarde Michael , Mae Marquez Cielo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A Reversed Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for simultaneous quantitation of four isoflavone standards daidzein, genistein, formononetin and biochanin A, and one flavone standard quercetin was developed and validated through the evaluation of linearity, accuracy, precision, specificity, limit of detection and limit of quantitation in accordance with the ICH guidelines. The analysis was performed in a C18 column (150 x 4.6mm, 5µm) with an optimised gradient elution using acetonitrile-water (0.1% trifluoroacetic acid) at a flow rate of 1.0mL min-1 and sample injection volume of 10uL.The retention times of the standards in the order daidzein, quercetin, genistein, formononetin and biochanin A were 4.42, 5.24, 7.85, 10.06 and 13.55 minutes, respectively with tailing factors ranging from 1.09 – 1.12 and minimum resolution value of 3.74. Detection limits range from 0.339 to 0.964 ug/mL and quantitation limits range from 1.027 to 2.922 ug/mL with good linearity (R2 ≥ 0.9967) with a linear range of 1.25 - 20ug/mL for all standards. The method was also found to be accurate and precise based on percentage recovery ranging from 96.96% to 106.87% (intraday, n=3) and relative standard deviation of %RSD≤1.45% (intra-day, n=3) and %RSD≤2.35% (inter-day, n=5). The specificity of the method was evaluated based on the positivity of the minimum peak purity index during the quantitation of the target compounds from the spiked hydrolysed and unhydrolyzed extract of Cajanus cajan ICPL 7035.
Improved Social Network Search based Twin Extreme Learning Machine
Authors: Yang Yang , Xue Zhenxia , Ma Jun , Chang Xia , Xu Changlin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
An excellent classifier termed as twin extreme learning machine (TELM) has been widely used in semantic classification, medical image recognition and other fields. However, due to the random weights and biases are generated in the feature space of TELM, there will be some non-optimal or unnecessary weights and biases, which will reduce the efficiency of the TELM and increase the testing cost. In this paper, we first propose a novel metaheuristic algorithm called improved social network search (ISNS) to solve optimization problems. ISNS introduces logistic chaotic mapping and adds a reverse learning strategy of lens principle on the Social Network Search (SNS), which can accelerate the convergence of SNS. Then, in order to optimize the weights and biases of TELM we propose an improved social network search based twin extreme learning machine algorithm (ISNS-TELM), which can improve TELM performance effectively. Finally a number of mathematical functions were chosen to evaluate the performance of our ISNS algorithm. Furthermore, we compare our ISNS-TELM with some state-of-the-art algorithms on the UCI dataset and several multi-category imagine dataset. According to the experiment results, the ISNS-TELM is capable of achieving better training results and getting faster convergence speed.
Use of electrical resistivity tomography to detect loose ground near an excavation site in an area of urban ground subsidence in South Korea
Authors: Song Seo Young , Kim Bitnarae , Cho Ahyun , Jeong Juyeon , Lee Dongkweon , Nam Myung Jin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Ground subsidence in urban areas due to excessive development and degraded underground facilities is a serious problem. Geophysical surveys have been conducted to estimate the distribution and scale of cavities and subsidence. In this study, electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) was performed near an area of road subsidence in an urban area. The subsidence arose due to groundwater leakage that carried soil into a neighboring excavation site. The ERT survey line was located between the main subsidence area and an excavation site. Because ERT data are affected by rapid topographic changes and surrounding structures, the influence of the excavation site on the data was analyzed through field-scale numerical modeling. The effect of an excavation should be considered when interpreting ERT data because it can lead to wrong anomalous results. A method for performing 2D inversion after correcting resistivity data for the effect of the excavation site was proposed. This method was initially tested using a field-scale numerical model that included the excavation site and subsurface anomaly, which was a loosened zone, and was then applied to field data. In addition, ERT data were interpreted using an existing in-house 3D algorithm, which considered the effect of excavation sites. The inversion results demonstrated that conductive anomalies in the loosened zone were greater compared to the inversion that did not consider the effects of excavation.
Open-field and pot studies on application of ancient liquid organic manures for the growth and development of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)
Authors: Rijal Robin , Kumar Adesh , Bhetwal Sugam 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

In the study, liquid manures (panchgavya and jeevamruth) having concentrations 0% (control), 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% and 6% were prepared by using the products obtained from indigenous cow and then applied in three different formats twice a month up to 3 months in both fields and pot plants. In the first format, panchgavya was applied directly to the root zone. In the second format, jeevamruth was also applied to the root zone. Likewise, in the third format, panchgavya was sprayed uniformly on the foliage, but jeevamruth was given to the root zone of the same plant with irrigating water. After that, growth and development parameters of plants were taken precisely at 30, 45, 75, 90 and 105 days after transplantation, and found that significant differences were noticed in terms of growth, flowering and fruiting between pots and field plants. It was noted that these parameters were superior in those plants that were grown in the field than that of pots plants at 5% and 6% in all three different combinations. Among three formats, the combined application of panchgavya and jeevamruth was found to have magnificent results, followed by solely applications of panchgavya and jeevamruth. The study aimed to evaluate and compare the beneficial effect of panchgavya and jeevamruth in organic agriculture by using different formats in both pots and the field environment.
An assessment of viscoelastic finite-difference models applied to the Brazilian pre-salt
Authors: Augusto Fabrício O. A. , Moreira Roger M. , Cetale Marco , Tostes Danielle M. , Filho Djalma M. Soares 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Viscoelastic waves are modeled using a 3D time-domain finite-difference scheme with three classical rheological models – Maxwell (M), Kelvin-Voigt (KV), Standard Linear Solid (SLS) – each of them with a single relaxation mechanism. Attenuation and dispersion effects are introduced in terms of the quality factor \textit{Q} for a certain angular frequency $\omega$. Initially, seismic attenuation of the 2D poststack seismic data from Brazilian pre-salt is evaluated through a frequency analysis. After that, numerical results are validated with analytical solutions based on a homogeneous model with constant seismic properties. The behavior of each rheological model are discussed based on phase, wave amplitude and spectrum. A simplified multilayered geological model is proposed considering regions of the poststack seismic data from the Brazilian pre-salt, Búzios field. Synthetic data are then generated for each rheological model considering two approaches in terms of \textit{Q} distribution: a constant \textit{Q} and a varying \textit{Q} per layer. Both waveform and spectra are extracted from seismograms and compared with selected regions of Búzios poststack data. The amplitude spectra confirmed that the shallowest post-salt package is more dissipative than deeper regions. Moreover, based on the analysis of synthetic data, KV and SLS models proved to be effective to mimic seismic wave propagation at Búzios field. Synthetic results also show that a \textit{Q} distribution per layer can yield a seismic attenuation behavior similar to the one observed within the data.
Oxidized dietary lipids induce vascular inflammation and atherogenesis in post- menopausal rats: Estradiol and selected antihyperlipidemic drugs restore vascular health in vivo
Authors: Folahan Joy , Olorundare Olufunke Esan , Ajayi Abayomi Mayowa , Oyewopo Adeoye Oyetunji , Soyemi Sunday Sokunle , Adeneye Adejuwon Adewale , Okoye Ikechukwu Innocent , Afolabi Saheed Olanrewaju , Njan Anoka Ayembe 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Thermoxidation of edible oil through deep fat frying results in the generation of several oxidized products that promote lipid peroxidation and ROS production when eaten. Consumption of thermoxidized oil coupled with estrogen withdrawal contributes to the sudden development of vascular diseases in post-menopausal women. This study evaluates the role of estradiol and antihyperlipidemic agents (AHD) in restoring the vascular health of ovariectomized (OVX) rats fed with thermoxidized palm oil (TPO) and thermoxidized soya oil (TSO) diets.
Method
A total of 10 groups of rats (n = 6) were set up for the experiment. Group I (normal control) rats were sham handled while other groups were OVX to bring about estrogen deficient post-menopausal state. Group II (OVX only) was not treated and received normal rat chow. Groups III-X were fed with either TPO or TSO diet for 12 weeks and treated with estradiol (ETD) 0.2 mg/kg/day, atorvastatin (ATV) 10 mg/kg/day, and a fixed-dose combination of ezetimibe and ATV (EZE 3 mg/kg/day + ATV 10 mg/kg/day).
Results
Pro-atherogenic lipids levels were significantly elevated in untreated TSO and TPO groups compared to OVX and sham, resulting in increased atherogenic and Coronary-risk indices. Treatment with Estradiol and AHDs significantly reduced the total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol as well as AI and CRI compared to untreated TSO and TPO groups, whereas TSO and TPO groups showed significant elevation in these parameters compared to Group I values. Moreover, aortic TNF-α levels were extremely elevated in the untreated TSO and TPO compared to Group I. TNF-α levels were significantly reduced in rats treated with AHDs and ETD. Localized oxidative stress was indicated in the aortic tissues of TSO and TPO-fed OVX rats by increased malondialdehyde and decreased glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase levels. This contributed to a depletion in aortic nitric oxide. AHDs and ETD replenished the nitric oxide levels significantly. Histological evaluation of the aorta of TSO and TPO rats revealed increased peri-adventitia fat, aortic medial hypertrophy, and aortic recanalization. These pathologic changes were less seen in AHDs and ETD rats.
Conclusion
This study suggests that ETD and AHDs profoundly attenuate oxidized lipid-induced vascular inflammation and atherogenesis through oxidative-stress reduction and inhibition of TNF-α signaling.