bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relative motion of fluid flow in poroelasticity: Implication for cancellous bone
Authors: Yoon Young June 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In porous materials, ultrasound propagates in two forms, namely fast and slow waves. The fast and slow waves are described by the bulk equation and poroelastic dynamic equation, respectively. In cancellous bone, the relative motion between the solid bone matrix and fluid is believed to generate slow waves. This paper explains the slow wave generation numerically.
Use of thyroid hormones in hypothyroid and euthyroid patients: a 2022 THESIS questionnaire survey of members of the Latin American Thyroid Society (LATS)
Authors: Cassemiro Jessica F. , Ilera Veronica , Batalles Stella , Reyes Adriana , Nagy Endre V. , Papini Enrico , Perros Petros , Hegedüs Laszlo , Ramos Helton Estrela 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Purpose: Inconsistencies in the medical management of hypothyroidism have been reported between endocrinologists in different countries. This study aimed to identify the attitudes of Latin America thyroid specialists towards the use of thyroid hormones.
Methods: Online survey of members of the Latin America Thyroid Society.
Results:81/446 (18.2%) completed the questionnaire. Levothyroxine (LT4) was the initial treatment of choice for all respondents. 56.8% would consider LT4 use in biochemically euthyroid patients: infertile women with elevated anti-thyroid antibodies (46.9%), resistant depression (17.3%) and growing goiter (12%). Most respondents preferred tablets (39.5%) over liquid formulations (21.0%) or soft gel capsules (22.2%) and would not consider switching formulations in patients with persistent symptoms. 39.5% would never use LT4+liothyronine (LT3) combination therapy in symptomatic euthyroid patients, due to low quality evidence for benefit. 60.5% reported that persistence of symptoms despite normal TSH is rare (below 5% of patients) and its prevalence has been stable over the last five years. Psychosocial factors (84.0%), comorbidities (86.4%) and the patient unrealistic expectation (72.8%) were considered the top three explanations for this phenomenon.
Conclusion:LT4 tablets is the treatment of choice for hypothyroidism. A significant proportion of respondents would use LT4 in some groups of euthyroid individuals, contrasting the recommendations of the major clinical practice guideline indications. LT4+LT3 combination treatment in euthyroid symptomatic patients was considered by nearly 50%. Practices based on weak or absent evidence included use of thyroid hormones for euthyroid subjects by 56.8% of respondents and use of LT4 +LT3 treatment by 60.5% of respondents for patients with persistent symptoms. In contrast to many European countries, LATS respondents report a low and unchanged proportion of dissatisfied patients over the last five years.
Qualitative and quantitative analyses in sulfated glycosaminoglycans, chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate, during 3T3-L1 adipocytes differentiation
Authors: CAHYADI Danang Dwi , WARITA Katsuhiko , TAKEDA-OKUDA Naoko , TAMURA Jun-ichi , HOSAKA Yoshinao Z. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) is a member of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) found in animal tissues. Major CS/DS subclasses, O, A, C, D, and E units, exist based on the sulfation pattern in d-glucuronic acid (GlcA) and N-acetyl-d-galactosamine (GalNAc) repeating units. Dermatan sulfate (DS) chains are formed when GlcA is epimerized into l-iduronic acid (IdoA). Our study aimed to analyze the CS/DS profile in 3T3-L1 cells before and after adipogenic induction. Their CS/DS contents, molecular weight (Mw), and sulfation pattern were analyzed by using a high-performance liquid chromatography system. CS/DS synthesis/degradation- and sulfotransferase-related gene expression was also analyzed by reverse transcription real-time PCR. The CS/DS amount was significantly decreased in the differentiated (DI) group compared to the non-differentiated (ND) group, along with a lower expression of CS biosynthesis-related genes, chondroitin sulfate N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 1, chondroitin sulfate N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2, and chondroitin polymerizing factor. The GAGs in the DI group also showed lower Mw than those of ND. Furthermore, the A unit was the major CS/DS disaccharide in both groups, with a proportionally higher CS-A ratio in the DI group. This was consistent with the expression of carbohydrate sulfotransferase 12 that encodes chondroitin 4-O-sulfotransferase, for CS-A formation. Unlike the ND group, both GlcA and IdoA residues in the O unit of CS/DS from the DI group were absent. These qualitative and quantitative changes in CS/DS and CS/DS-synthases/hydrolases before and after adipocyte differentiation reveal valuable insights into adipocyte development.
First report of Fusarium solani causing root rot in Mushroom (Lyophyllum decastes) in China
Authors: Liu Zhongxuan , Xiang Zhun , Wang Jing , Yang Yihua 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Lyophyllum decastes is a delicious mushroom with health care value, and has been successfully cultivated in many areas in China. In 2021 and 2022, root rot was found on the mushroom in a production base of Guiyang City, Guizhou province. Based on morphological and molecular identifications, the pathogenic fungus was identified as Fusarium solani. The pathogenicity was verified with Koch’s postulates. This is the first report confirming the presence of this Fusarium causing root rot on L. decastes in China.
Dietary L-arabinose-induced gut dysbiosis exacerbates bacterial infection
Authors: Yu Jingchen , Tang Huang , zhou Ning , Wang Zuoqiang , Huang Wanqiu , Wang Dan-Ni , Ni Jin-Jing , Lu Jie , Yao Yu-Feng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundGut microbiota is essential for providing colonization resistance against pathogens. Dietary sugars markedly shift the composition of the intestinal microbiota and alter host susceptibility to enteric infections. However, the role of dietary sugars in intestinal pathophysiology and colitis pathogenesis remains controversial.ResultsWe demonstrate the effect of L-arabinose on bacterial infection by usingSalmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium (S. Tm). L-arabinose triggers severe inflammation in the gut and aggravates systemic infection ofS. Tm in conventional mice. In addition, L-arabinose represses the expression ofSalmonellaPathogenicity Island 1 (SPI-1) genes by negatively regulating the activity of the cyclic 3’ 5’-AMP (cAMP)-cAMP receptor protein (CRP) complex. The cAMP-CRP complex activatesyfiAto maintain the stability of HilD. In a streptomycin-pretreated mouse model, L-arabinose supplementation promotesS. Tm initial bloom and is unable to alter the disease progression ofSalmonellainfection. However, in the presence of microbiota, L-arabinose induces a dramatic expansion ofEnterobacteriaceae, thereby decreasing the microbiota diversity and causing more severe systemic infections.ConclusionsOur work reveals that a high intake of dietary L-arabinose disrupts gut homeostasis in response to enteric infections, which offers new perspectives for dietary strategies and supplementation for diabetics.
Alleviation of arsenic induced neurobehavioral defects with selenium in the larvae of Zaprionus indianus
Authors: Kumari Shilpi , Kumari Puja , Sinha Sneha , Azad Gajendra Kumar , Yasmin Shahla 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Selenium is an essential antioxidative micronutrient. This study was conducted to characterise the arsenic toxicity induced on African fig fly, Zaprionus indianus and its possible amelioration by selenium. We used computational tools and in vivo experiments to elucidate the mechanism of action of arsenic and selenium on Z. indianus larvae. We conducted experiments to study neuro-behavioural parameters including learning and memory ability test, crawling and contractions assays. Our in silico study revealed twelve primary targets of arsenic trioxide. The gene ontology annotation of primary and secondary targets of arsenic trioxide revealed selenocysteine metabolic processes as one of the most reliable targets. To validate our in silico data, we analysed the effect of arsenic trioxide on larvae of Z. indianus and tested the possible amelioration by sodium selenite supplementation. Our data demonstrated that the arsenic trioxide deteriorated the learning and memory ability of 2nd instar larvae of Z. indianus and such effect was reversed by sodium selenite supplementation. Furthermore, crawling and contractions assay done on 3rd instar larvae showed that there was reduction in both parameters upon arsenic trioxide exposure, which was restored with sodium selenite supplementation. Altogether, our computational and in vivo results strongly indicated that the neurobehavioral defects induced by arsenic trioxide on the larvae of Z. indianus can be successfully alleviated in presence of sodium selenite.
Sodium hypochlorite test for early pregnancy diagnosis in cows Promising innovative method
Authors: Siad Nesrine , Deghnouche Kahramen , Hanzen Christian , Siad Oussama 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

We present a groundbreaking scientific innovation that addresses the challenges faced by the agricultural industry in the early detection of pregnancy in cattle. The main objectives of our new urine-based pregnancy test are to reduce the number of empty cow days, increase production, improve profitability and guarantee accurate, rapid results. The test is based on a unique reaction between urine and sodium hypochlorite, which is triggered exclusively in the presence of an embryo or fetus. Our results reveal early detection as early as 16 to 25 days after insemination, with a sensitivity of 97.39%, a specificity of 73.33% and an accuracy of 93.33% for pregnant cows and 88% for non-pregnant cows. We are convinced that our test will be the starting point of a new breakthrough, given the flexibility and cost-effectiveness that will make it a practical choice for breeders, reducing stress on cattle and revolutionizing early pregnancy detection in the scientific field.
A formal two-parameter generalization of Kaniadakis κ-Gaussian distribution
Authors: Trifonov Mikhail 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We introduce a new family of statistical distributions, the (κ,μ)-deformed Gaussian
distributions, which are based on the generalized κ-deformed Kaniadakis
exponential function. They are represented in terms of the Gauss hypergeometric
function, 2F1, and formally generalize the Kaniadakis κ-Gaussian distribution,
coinciding with it when μ = 0. The choice of the additional deformation parameter
μ under given κ value allows adjusting both the heavy tail behaviour and
the shape (unimodal or bimodal) of the (κ,μ)-deformed Gaussian distributions.
The wave mechanics for microwave absorption film – Part 2: The difference between film and material
Authors: Liu Yue , Liu Ying , Drew Michael 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

A novel theory based on wave mechanics has been developed recently with very different concepts compared to the current theory of microwave absorption. According to this new theory, the most efficient absorption in film can be constructed with less penetration and less attenuation power of material just by wave cancellation. Film is clearly differentiated from material in the new theory which is very simple and more relevant than the vague and complex impedance matching theory often used. In this work, it is proved with a new perspective that absorption in film is not equivalent to the attenuation power of material.
Independent and Fair-Domination in Hypercube
Authors: Chowdhury Debabani 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
For a positive integer m, an m-dominating set of a graph G is a subset D ⊆ V(G) such that every vertex not in D is adjacent to at least m vertices in D. An m-dominating set D in which every vertex not in D is adjacent to exactly m vertices in D is known as the perfect m-dominating set. The perfect m-dominating set is also known as m-fair dominating set. The cardinality of a minimum fair-dominating set is known as the fair-domination number. The problem of deciding whether a graph admits a perfect m-dominating set is NP-Complete. In this paper we study the perfect m-dominating set with a variant such as independence in which no two vertices are adjacent, i.e. an independent perfect m-dominating set. The cardinality of a minimum independent dominating set is known as the independent domination number. We show that the hypercube graph of dimension 2k+1 − 2, k being a positive integer > 1, is a perfect 2-dominating graph, i.e. the graph admits a perfect 2-dominating set which is an independent set. We compute in polynomial time an independent perfect 2-dominating set in hypercube graph Qn of dimension n = 2k+1 −2 and showed that the 2-fair domination number for hypercube graph of this dimension is to be fd2(Qn ) ≤ 2n−k , whereas the fair domination number for hypercube Qn of dimension 2k − 1 is to be fd(Qn ) = 2n−k . We also establish that the independent domination numbers are αn < O(fd2(Qn )) and αn = fd(Qn ) for hypercubes Qn of dimensions n = 2k+1 − 2 and n = 2k − 1, respectively.
Molecular Insights into the Mechanism of Modulatory Effects of Proton Pump Inhibitors
on P-glycoprotein Mediated Drug Transport of Palbociclib and Ribociclib
Authors: Desai Mrunal Pradeep , Harish Patil Prajakta , Vullendula Sai Krishna Anand , Birangal Sumit , Shenoy G. Gautham , Rao Mahadev , Dengale Swapnil Jayant , Bhat Krishnamurthy , Channabasavaiah Jagadish Puralae 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Palbociclib and ribociclib are substrates of efflux transporter P-glycoprotein which plays a
key role in absorption and transport of these drugs. Proton pump inhibitors, when co-administered with them are
known to show inhibitory effect on P-glycoprotein.

Objective:
Therefore, this study aims to investigate the role of proton pump inhibitors in inhibition of P-glycoprotein
mediated efflux of palbociclib and ribociclib.

Method:
A combined approach of molecular docking and ex vivo everted gut sac model was implemented to predict
the potential of proton pump inhibitors i.e., omeprazole, esomeprazole, lansoprazole, pantoprazole and rabeprazole to
inhibit the P-glycoprotein mediated intestinal transport of palbociclib and ribociclib and study the molecular basis of
interaction taking place.

Results:
Molecular docking studies revealed that omeprazole, rabeprazole and pantoprazole bound to the ATP site of
nucleotide binding domain with binding energies of -27.53, -29.56 and -38.44 Kcal/mol respectively. In ex vivo
studies, rabeprazole and omeprazole, affected the absorptive permeability of palbociclib by 3.04 and 1.26 and
ribociclib by 1.76 and 2.54 folds, respectively. Results of molecular docking studies and ex vivo studies highlighted
that proton pump inhibitors bound to the ATP binding site to block its hydrolysis thereby inhibiting the
P-glycoprotein mediated efflux of palbociclib and ribociclib.

Conclusion:
The experimental evidence presented highlights the fact that proton pump inhibitors have potential to
inhibit P-glycoprotein, giving rise to drug interactions with palbociclib and ribociclib. Hence, monitoring is required
while proton pump inhibitors and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors are being co-administered to avoid adverse
events.
Salvia officinalis Improves Glycemia and Suppresses Pro-inflammatory
Features in Obese Rats with Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Alsherif Diana A. , Hussein Mohammed A. , Abuelkasem Suzan S. 
Published: August 2023

Objectives:
Obesity is regarded as the main cause of metabolic diseases and a core factor
for all-cause mortality in the general population, notably from cardiovascular disease. The
majority of people with type 2 diabetes have obesity and insulin resistance. Some evidence indicates
that an individual with obesity is approximately 10 times more likely to develop type 2 diabetes
than someone with moderate body weight.
One of the most significant therapeutic herbs, Salvia officinalis (Lamiaceae) (SAGE), possesses
potent medicinal importance. The aim of this article was to evaluate the anti-diabetic and antiobesity
activity of SAGEAE against HFD-induced obesity in rats.

Methods:
Thirty adult albino rats were randomly divided into five equal groups: control, High-fat
Diet (HFD) administrated rats, HFD + Salvia officinalis Aqueous Extract (SAGEAE) (150
mg/kg.bw.), HFD + SAGEAE (300 mg/kg.bw.) and HFD + metformin (500 mg/kg.bw.). Body
weight, plasma biochemical parameters, oxidative stress, inflammatory indicators, hepatic Phosphoenolpyruvate
Carboxykinase 1 (PCK1), Glucokinase (GK), brain Leptin Receptor (LepRb),
Glucose Transporter-4 (GLUT4), Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and mRNA33-5P gene signalling mRNA levels
were all assessed after 8 weeks. A histological examination of the liver was also performed to
check for lipid accumulation.

Results:
The administration of HFD resulted in increased body weight, glucose, insulin, leptin,
Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), Thiobarbaturic Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS),
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP1), Interleukine-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α
(TNF- α) as well as hepatic PCK1, brain LepRb and adipose tissue mRNA33-5P gene expression.
However, our findings revealed a significant reduction in adiponectin, High-density Lipoproteincholesterol
(HDL-C), reduced glutathione (GSH) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) levels as well
as the expression of hepatic GK and adipose tissue SIRT1 and GLUT4 genes. Also, administration
of SAGEAE significantly normalized body weight, glucose, insulin, leptin, adiponectin, TC, TG,
HDL-C, TBARs, SOD, IL-6, MCP-1 and TNF-α in plasma and liver tissue of HFD-treated rats.
On the other hand, PCK1, GK, LepRb, SIRT1, GLUT4 and mRNA33-5P gene expression was
enhanced in obese rats when administrated with SAGEAE. Histological and US studies support
the biochemical, PCR and electrophoretic results.

Conclusion:
The findings imply that SAGEAE could be used as a new pharmaceutical formula in
the treatment of obesity.
Therapeutic Path to Triple Knockout: Investigating the Pan-inhibitory
Mechanisms of AKT, CDK9, and TNKS2 by a Novel 2-phenylquinazolinone
Derivative in Cancer Therapy- An In-silico Investigation Therapy
Authors: Peters Xylia Q. , Elamin Ghazi , Aljoundi Aimen , Alahmdi Mohamed Issa , Abo-Dya Nader E. , Sidhom Peter A. , Tawfeek Ahmed M. , Ibrahim Mahmoud A. A. , Soremekun Opeyemi , Soliman Mahmoud E. S. 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Blocking the oncogenic Wnt//β-catenin pathway has of late been investigated
as a viable therapeutic approach in the treatment of cancer. This involves the multi-targeting of certain
members of the tankyrase-kinase family; Tankyrase 2 (TNKS2), Protein Kinase B (AKT), and Cyclin-
Dependent Kinase 9 (CDK9), which propagate the oncogenic Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway.

Methods:
During a recent investigation, the pharmacological activity of 2-(4-aminophenyl)-7-chloro-
3H-quinazolin-4-one was repurposed to serve as a ‘triple-target’ inhibitor of TNKS2, AKT and CDK9.
Yet, the molecular mechanism that surrounds its multi-targeting activity remains unanswered. As such,
this study aims to explore the pan-inhibitory mechanism of 2-(4-aminophenyl)-7-chloro-3H-quinazolin-
4-one towards AKT, CDK9, and TNKS2, using in silico techniques.

Results:
Results revealed favourable binding affinities of -34.17 kcal/mol, -28.74 kcal/mol, and -27.30
kcal/mol for 2-(4-aminophenyl)-7-chloro-3H-quinazolin-4-one towards TNKS2, CDK9, and AKT, respectively.
Pan-inhibitory binding of 2-(4-aminophenyl)-7-chloro-3H-quinazolin-4-one is illustrated by
close interaction with specific residues on tankyrase-kinase. Structurally, 2-(4-aminophenyl)-7-chloro-
3H-quinazolin-4-one had an impact on the flexibility, solvent-accessible surface area, and stability of all
three proteins, which was illustrated by numerous modifications observed in the unbound as well as the
bound states of the structures, which evidenced the disruption of their biological function. Prediction of
the pharmacokinetics and physicochemical properties of 2-(4-aminophenyl)-7-chloro-3H-quinazolin-4-
one further established its inhibitory potential, evidenced by the favourable absorption, metabolism,
excretion, and minimal toxicity properties.

Conclusion:
The following structural insights provide a starting point for understanding the paninhibitory
activity of 2-(4-aminophenyl)-7-chloro-3H-quinazolin-4-one. Determining the criticality of
the interactions that exist between the pyrimidine ring and catalytic residues could offer insight into the
structure-based design of innovative tankyrase-kinase inhibitors with enhanced therapeutic effects.
C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 5 (CCL5): A Potential Biomarker and
Immunotherapy Target for Osteosarcoma
Authors: Zheng Heng , Wang Yichong , Li Fengfeng 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant tumor of bone
tissue, which has an insidious onset and is difficult to detect early, and few early diagnostic markers
with high specificity and sensitivity. Therefore, this study aims to identify potential biomarkers
that can help diagnose OS in its early stages and improve the prognosis of patients.

Methods:
The data sets of GSE12789, GSE28424, GSE33382 and GSE36001 were combined and
normalized to identify Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs). The data were analyzed by Gene
Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) and Disease Ontology (DO).
The hub gene was selected based on the common DEG that was obtained by applying two regression
methods: the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) and Support vVector
Machine (SVM). Then the diagnostic value of the hub gene was evaluated in the GSE42572 data
set. Finally, the correlation between immunocyte infiltration and key genes was analyzed by
CIBERSORT.

Results:
The regression analysis results of LASSO and SVM are the following three DEGs: FK501
binding protein 51 (FKBP5), C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5), complement component 1 Q
subcomponent B chain (C1QB). We evaluated the diagnostic performance of three biomarkers
(FKBP5, CCL5 and C1QB) for osteosarcoma using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.
In the training group, the area under the curve (AUC) of FKBP5, CCL5 and C1QB was 0.907,
0.874 and 0.676, respectively. In the validation group, the AUC of FKBP5, CCL5 and C1QB was
0.618, 0.932 and 0.895, respectively. It is noteworthy that these genes were more expressed in tumor
tissues than in normal tissues by various immune cell types, such as plasma cells, CD8+ T
cells, T regulatory cells (Tregs), activated NK cells, activated dendritic cells and activated mast
cells. These immune cell types are also associated with the expression levels of the three diagnostic
genes that we identified.

Conclusion:
We found that CCL5 can be considered an early diagnostic gene of osteosarcoma, and
CCL5 interacts with immune cells to influence tumor occurrence and development. These findings
have important implications for the early detection of osteosarcoma and the identification of novel
therapeutic targets.