bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Evaluation of Occlusal Bite Force Distribution by T-Scan in Orthodontic Patients with Different Occlusal Characteristics: A cross Sectional Observational Study”
Authors: Tayyem Huda Abu , Annamma Lovely , Desai Vijay B , Alam Mohammad Khursheed 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
The aim of Orthodontic treatment apart from esthetic and functional corrections is uniform force distribution. Hence Occlusal analysis using a T scan gives scope for a precisely targeted treatment plan. The T-scan evaluation of occlusal force, time, and location of contacts from initial occlusal contact to maximum intercuspation enable the orthodontist to sequentially balance the occlusal forces on right and left side by specific treatment plan options.
Objective
The current study aimed to determine the force distribution by using T-Scan as well as the NET discrepancies of forces generated at a maximum intercuspation position in the first molar region between the left and right sides of the mouth.
Methods
This is a descriptive-correlational study that was carried out in Ras Al Khaimah College of Dental Sciences clinics and Ajman University clinics from January 2020 to September 2022 by using the convenience sampling technique.
Results
The present study consisted of 158 participants. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) showed that there is a statistically significant difference in percentage of force between the three types of malocclusions (I, II, and III) on the right molar side (B-16 and B-46) (p < 0.05). Moreover, the overall discrepancy showed a statistically significant difference in the three types of malocclusion classifications (p < 0.05). On the other hand, there was no statistically significant difference in the percentage of force between B-26 and B-36 (p > 0.05). Post hoc showed a statistically significant difference in percentage of force between Malocclusion Class I and Class III on the right molar with a mean difference of 4.11190 (p < 0.05). Similarly, there was a statistically significant difference in B-46 between Malocclusion Classes I and II, 4.01806 (p < 0.05). Additionally, post hoc showed a statistically significant difference between Malocclusion Class I and Class III with a mean difference of -4.79841 (p < 0.05) on the right molar.
Conclusion
The T-Scan is a useful tool for assessing occlusal discrepancies and can be helpful during treatment planning and follow-up, especially for orthognathic surgery patients. T-scan could be used in orthodontic therapy in a simple and efficient way. Also, it turned out to be a useful tool for diagnosing problems and gave us new information about how therapies work. In this study, T-Scan showed that it can measure occlusal forces in timing in an objective, accurate, and repeated manner. The current study found that T-Scan was better able to report the difference in the percentage of force on the right molar side than on the left side.
Nonlocalization of singular potentials in quantum dynamics
Authors: Shao Sihong , Su Lili 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Nonlocal modeling has drawn more and more attention and becomes steadily more powerful in scientific computing. In this paper, we demonstrate the superiority of a first-principle nonlocal model — Wigner function — in treating singular potentials which are often used to model the interaction between point charges in quantum science. The nonlocal nature of the Wigner equation is fully exploited to convert the singular potential into the Wigner kernel with weak or even no singularity, and thus highly accurate numerical approximations are achievable, which are hardly designed when the singular potential is taken into account in the local Schrödinger equation. The Dirac delta function, the logarithmic, and the inverse power potentials are considered. Numerically converged Wigner functions under all these singular potentials are obtained with an operator splitting spectral method, and display many interesting quantum behaviors as well.
2020 Mathematics Subject Classification: 81S30; 45K05; 35Q40; 65M70; 35S05
Implementation of a Curriculum for Training Healthcare Leaders as Change Agents for Equity: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Holm Amanda L. , Gorosh Marla Rowe , Brady Megan , White-Perkins Denise 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Disparities in access to healthcare are a widespread problem globally and in the United States. Healthcare organization staff must be trained in how to identify potential inequities and given tools to help them foster organizational change to increase equitable access to healthcare for all. We developed the Healthcare Equity Scholars Program (HESP) to train and develop leaders to further integrate equity into organizational policies and practices.
Methods: Two cohorts of HESP participants completed 12-month seminar-style cycles of the program between 2014 and 2017. All participants completed a project aimed at addressing healthcare disparities in their work area. In 2019, we conducted qualitative interviews to capture participants’ perceptions about how their participation in the HESP affected their work life, career, and the organization.
Results: Qualitative analysis of interviews revealed that HESP had a strong impact on participants’ perceptions of their ability to tackle healthcare inequities and make change in their work areas. They cited awareness-raising, skill-building, and networking benefits of the program. Several participants described how their projects led to organizational change via additional quality improvement cycles, piloting of innovative programs, and process improvements, including development of task forces to address issues of equity. While participants described some obstacles to project implementation, they overwhelmingly responded that they were glad they participated in HESP and would recommend it to colleagues.
Conclusions: Educational initiatives such as HESP show promise as a means of empowering healthcare organization employees to implement projects that result in meaningful improvements in healthcare equity and outcomes. Developing leaders in this way will be vital to creating more agile teams capable of transforming healthcare and fostering equity.
Isolation, characterization, and evaluation of probiotic properties of Lactic Acid bacteria from different fermented yoghurt drinks available in Bangladesh
Authors: Akter Fatema , Jabin Tabassum , Yeasmin Sahida , Khan Md. Robin , Ahmed Zabed Bin , Razu Mamudul Hasan , Rabby Md. Raisul Islam , Karmaker Pranab , Khan Mala 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Lactobacillus spp. is the most commonly found probiotics strain in dairy products. In the present study, Lactobacillus spp. were isolated from four commercially available fermented yoghurt drinks, which were identified based on observing their morphological characteristics and through some biochemical tests such as, gram staining, MIU (Motility Indole Urease), catalase, citrate, TSI (Tripplr Sugar Iron), gas from glucose, milk coagulation activities, starch hydrolysis and bile esculin test.It was observed that isolated Lactobacillus spp. growth rate decreased with the increasing concentration of inhibitory substances like NaCl (2,4,8%) and phenol (0.1-0.8%). Additionally, good growth were observed in the presence of 2% NaCl and 0.1% phenol. The isolated Lactobacillus spp. did show good survival abilities in acidic (pH 2) and alkaline (pH 8) conditions, while their maximum growth was observed at pH 8.0. Isolated Lactobacilli were able to coagulate skim milk and produce gas from glucose.All of the isolates showed negative results in hemolytic activity, indicating that lactic acid bacteria are safe for use by humans. All isolates were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcusspp, Bacillus spp, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiellaspp, Pseudomonas spp, Serratia spp, Candida albicans, Trichodermaresseii, Aspergillus spp. The majority of the isolates showed significant antimicrobial effectiveness against the targeted pathogens.Their susceptibility to selected eight antibiotics was determined in terms of zone of inhibition (mm). In conclusion, most of the results from the present experiments showed that, there were very few variations in probiotics properties of the isolated Lactobacillus spp. from different fermented yoghurt drinks.
The Impact of Global Health Outreach Experiences on Medical Student Burnout
Authors: Kuehn Thomas , Crandall Cody , Schmidt Jefferson , Richards Zeke , Park Taylor , Szczepaniak Morgan , Zapata Isain , Wardle Mark 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Student burnout during medical education is a prevalent and critical problem. Burnout has reaching consequences, including negative health outcomes for students, financial loss for schools, and worsened patient care as students transition to practice. Global Health Outreach Experiences (GHOEs), known to enhance cultural awareness and clinical knowledge among medical students, are offered in most programs. Prior studies document that GHOEs benefit physicians suffering from burnout, with effects demonstrating improvement over 6 months. No study, to our knowledge, has assessed the influence GHOEs may have on medical student burnout with a comparable control group. This study examines whether participation in a GHOE, compared to a standard break from school, has a positive effect on burnout.
Methods
A case control study utilizing the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory was conducted on medical students. 41 students participated in a one-week, spring break GHOE and 252 were randomly selected as non-participating students in a control group. Assessments were gathered 1 week prior, 1 week after, and 10 weeks after spring break.
Results
Response across the surveys in chronological order included 22,20,19 GHOE and 70,66,50 control participants. A significant reduction in personal burnout (PB) (P = 0.0161), studies related burnout (SRB) (P = 0.0056), and colleagues related burnout (CRB) (P = 0.0357) was found among GHOE attendees compared to control participants at 10-weeks after spring break. When modeled with potential confounders, CRB and SRB reductions remained significant.
Conclusion
GHOEs may be a potential tool for institutions to combat burnout rates in their students. The benefits of GHOEs appear to enhance over time.
Related factors on decreased activity of daily living in older patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Chen Xiaoyu , Hu Yingchun , Liu Wei , Wu Hongmei , Liu Guanjian , Wu Hongyan , Yang Ming , Cao Li , Hao Qiukui , Zhang Xiaoming , Zhou Jianan , Li Xiaofeng , Li Jing , Yan Yuhua , Zhu Hongxia , Ren Jiangwen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background:
Older patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD) have significant decline of activity of daily living(ADL). This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with decreased ADL in older patients with CKD.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted between September 1,2013 and June 30, 2014 in West China Hospital of Sichuan University and Kangfu Kidney Disease Hospital in Chengdu. All patients were older than 60 years with CKD. They received a comprehensive geriatric assessment. Contents of the survey include: a) general survey; b) laboratory parameters in the last 3 months; c)the comprehensive geriatric assessment indexes. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS software, version 17.0.
Results:
A total of 542 patients were included in this study, of whom 332 were male and 210 female. The mean age was 76.1±8.9 years, with a median age of 76 years(60 ~ 101 years old). Univariate analysis showed that the difference of age, marital status, serum albumin, risk of malnutrition, malnutrition, cognitive function, depression score, comorbidity index, subjective support and the use of social support was statistically significant (P<0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that independent factors associated with the ADL impairment in the older patients with CKD included age [(70~79 years old OR=1.81,95% CI: 1.01-3.25), ≥ 80 years old OR=5.42,95% CI: 2.99-9.81)], marital status (OR=1.90,95 % CI: 1.15-3.15), depression (OR=1.33,95% CI: 1.22-1.44), risk of malnutrition (OR=2.81,95% CI: 1.70-4.65) and malnutrition (OR=5.13,95%CI:2.51-10.50).
Conclusion:
The factors associated with the decreased ADL in older patients with CKD include age, being widowed, depression, and poor nutritional status. So, to strengthen nutritional status, reduce loneliness, maintain good psychological condition can reduce the decline of ADL for older adults with CKD.
Do Ridesourcing Platforms Need Socio-Economic Inequality to Thrive?
Authors: de Ruijter Arjan , Cats Oded , Lint Hans van 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Limited available market share data seems to suggest that ridesourcing platforms benefit from, even thrive on, socio-economic inequality. We suspect that this is associated with high levels of socio-economic inequality allowing for cheap labour as well as increasing the share of travellers with a considerably above-average willingness to pay for travel time savings and comfort. We test the relation between inequality and system performance by means of an agent-based simulation model representing within-day and day-to-day supply-demand interaction in the ridesourcing market. The model captures travellers' mode choice with a heterogeneous perception of relevant time components, as well as job seekers' participation choice with heterogeneous reservation wage. Our experiments cover scenarios for the entire spectrum ranging from perfect equality to extreme inequality. For several of such scenarios, we explore alternative platform pricing strategies. Our analysis shows a strong, positive relationship between socio-economic inequality and ridesourcing market share. This is the outcome of the combination of cheap labour and time-sensitive ridesourcing users, reinforced by network effects inherent to ridesourcing markets. We find that driver earnings are minimal in urban areas with large socio-economic inequality. In such contexts, drivers are likely to face a high platform commission, and yet, fierce competition for passengers.
Risk factors for postoperative delirium in elderly patients after major orthopedic surgery: a prediction model
Authors: Zhu Shaoxiong , Ma Zihan , Ge Yeying , Yuan Liyong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: This study mainly aims to assess risk factors of postoperative delirium (POD) in elderly patients after major orthopedic surgery, and construct and validate a simple delirium-predicting model.
Methods: The plan was to collect 700 elderly patients admitted to Ningbo No. 6 Hospital for major orthopedic surgery in the analysis cohort. Associated risk factors were first screened by univariate analysis, and then the independent risk factors were screened by binary logistic regression analysis and assigned according to the magnitude of the odds ratio (OR), to establish a risk prediction score model. A cohort of 300 patients admitted to our hospital was included as a prediction cohort. The risk score prediction score model was constructed and validated by assignment according to OR values, i.e..
Results: We developed and verified a practical POD risk prediction score model for elderly patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery, which consists of six independent risk factors: age ≥73 years, cardiac disease, diabetes mellitus, sleep disorders, cortisol ≥411 nmol/L, and CRP ≥14 mg/L. The analysis cohort's results were accurately predicted by this model (AUROC=0.863; 78.4% sensitivity, 78.9% specificity,78.8%accuracy) whereas the prediction cohort's results were also high (AUROC=0.941; 95.2% sensitivity, 89.5% specificity, 90.5% accuracy).
Conclusion: The risk prediction model for postoperative delirium, constructed in this study, is highly applicable, and age ≥73 years, cardiac disease, diabetes mellitus, sleep disorders, cortisol ≥411 nmol/L, and CRP ≥14 mg/L are the main risk factors in elderly patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery.
Trial registration:Prospectively registered at the China Clinical Trial Registry, registration number: ChiCTR2200056234, date of registration:02/02/2022.
Postoperative growth and development assessment for infants with congenital intestinal atresia
Authors: Lin Sheng , Liu Mingkun , Fang Yifan , Wu Dianming 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose: This study intended to assess the postoperative growth and development of infants with congenital intestinal atresia (IA) and to explore growth-associated factors.
Methods: The data of 131 infants with congenital IA who were cured, discharged, and followed up in the outpatient clinic from May 2011 to August 2021 in the Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital were acquired. The data included prenatal color Doppler results, gestational week, gender, birth weight, IA type, atresia distal/proximal intestine diameter ratio, IA location, with or without ileocecal junction resection, remaining small intestine length, with or without meconium peritonitis, etc. According to the World Health Organization Child Growth Standards (2006), the growth and development of IA infants were assessed using age-specific height and weight. Stunting was defined as age-specific height and (or) weight 2 standard deviations (SD) below the median of the standard, and the cases were divided into normal and growth-retarded groups for comparison and analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 21.0.
Results: There were 83 males and 48 females in the 131 IA infants. 4 cases had age-specific weight and height <-2 SD, 2 cases had age-specific weight <-2 SD, and 6 had age-specific height <-2 SD. Hence, the growth-retarded group (n=12) accounted for 9.2% of all cases, and the normal group (n=119) accounted for 90.8%. Further analysis of clinical data showed that infants in the growth-retarded group had smaller birth weights (P < 0.05). The two groups had significantly distinct atresia locations (P < 0.05), and infants with duodenal atresia and jejunal atresia within 30 cm of the ligament of Treitz had a significantly higher incidence of growth retardation than infants with jejunal atresia >30 cm beyond the ligament of Treitz (P < 0.016667). No significant difference was observed in other factors between the two groups.
Conclusion: Some infants were stunted after IA surgery, and birth weight and atresia location were the two factors affecting their growth and development. Moreover, long-term follow-up and prompt nutritional instructions are required for those infants.
Risk of myocardial infarction and stroke after female breast cancer: analysis on a cohort of 1.3 million women
Authors: Ricceri Fulvio , Favaro Enrica , Gilcrease Gregory Winston , Calabrese Sara Claudia , Ferracin Elisa , Cuonzo Daniela Di , Macciotta Alessandra , Catalano Alberto , Dansero Lucia , d’Errico Angelo , Franco Pierfrancesco , Numico Gianmauro , Gnavi Roberto , Costa Giuseppe , Pagano Eva , Sacerdote Carlotta 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Breast Cancer (BC) is a leading public-health issue affecting women on a global scale, accounting for about 500,000 new cases every year in Europe. Thanks to the widespread implementation of screening programs and the improvement in therapies, women with BC live longer but they also are more likely to experience an increased risk of other diseases, including second primary cancer, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases. Reasons for this increased risk include genetics, shared risk factors, and adverse effects from BC treatment.
Methods
To analyse the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke in women with BC considering the potential side effects of treatments, we used data from the Piedmont Longitudinal Study, an administrative cohort based on the record-linkage among census data and several health-administrative databases to include than 4 million inhabitants of an Italian region.
Results
Among 1,342,333 women ranging from 30 to 75 years old 19,203 had a BC diagnosis in the follow-up period, of whom 206 experienced a subsequent MI and 203 a stroke. Women with BC showed an increased risk for MI (HR: 1.20; 95%CI: 1.05–1.38) and for stroke (HR: 1.58; 95%CI: 1.38–1.82). Chemotherapy seemed to be the major risk factor for MI in BC women, while no different risk by therapy was found for stroke.
Conclusion
The results of this study supported the hypothesis about the toxic effect of therapies, suggesting both clinicians to routinely and actively screen for these treatment-related toxicities in women with BC and researchers to prioritize personalized treatments in order to minimize potentially devastating side effects.
Vibration source analysis and structural optimization design of rotary table based on OTPA
Authors: XIE Miao , WANG He , LIU Zhixiang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Due to the influence of coal rock shape, hardness and working environment during the cutting process of the boom-type roadheader, the cutting head will produce irregular severe vibration. As a key force-bearing component, the dynamic reliability and life of the rotary table affect the cutting efficiency and cutting stability. In order to study the vibration characteristics of the rotary table, the spatial mechanical model of the rotary table of the roadheader is first established, and the variation law of the hinge point force between the cutting arm and the rotary table with the pitch angle and the horizontal angle is solved. The vibration data of cutting head, cantilever, lifting and rotating hydraulic cylinder under stable cutting condition are used as input and output signals. The transfer path analysis model of rotary table is established, and the synthetic vibration of rotary table is simulated. The vibration contribution and contribution degree of each excitation point to each hinge point of rotary table are analyzed. By building a cutting test bench, the vibration response of rotary table in cutting process is tested, and the correctness of the theoretical model is verified. The stress and strain characteristics of each point of the rotary table in the cutting process were simulated, and the service life of the rotary table was checked under symmetrical cyclic load. Finally, based on the response surface optimization analysis method, the multi-objective optimization design of the rotary table is carried out. After optimization, the maximum equivalent stress of the rotary table is reduced by 8.5%, and the maximum deformation is reduced by 6.7%. The optimization results improve the life of the rotary table and improve the high stress phenomenon at the hinge ear of the rotary table, which provides a theoretical reference for the design and manufacture of the roadheader rotary table.
The association between different physical activity levels and flexion-relaxation phenomenon in women: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Yangzheng , Pei Junjie , Li Changsheng , Wu Fangchao , Tao Yechao 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
To investigate whether the flexion-relaxation phenomenon differs in women with different physical activity levels.
Methods
Seventy-two subjects were recruited for this study. The electromyographic activity of the erector spinae and multifidus muscles was recorded during a flexion task using a surface electromyographic device. The flexion-relaxation and extension-relaxation ratios were calculated. Participants were classified into different physical activity level groups based on their responses to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. A Welch analysis of variance was conducted to compare the flexion-relaxation ratio and extension-relaxation ratio between groups.
Results
A significant difference in the flexion-relaxation and extension-relaxation ratio was observed in both the erector spinae and multifidus muscles between different levels of physical activity.
Conclusions
In this study, we observed that female participants with high levels of physical activity showed a more pronounced flexion-relaxation phenomenon compared to those with moderate and low levels of physical activity. No significant difference was found between moderate and low physical activity levels. The findings of our study highlight the impact of physical activity on the mechanics of the spinal stabilising muscles.