bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The histologic reaction and permanence of hyaluronic acid gel, calcium hydroxylapatite microspheres, and extracellular matrix bio gel
Authors: Hu Yuling , Lu Haibin , Yuan Xihang , Yang Zhenyu , Gao Qiuni , Qi Zuoliang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe filling materials on the beauty market can be classified into three types: natural biological materials, synthetic polymer materials, and composites containing bioactive substances. However, comparative experimental data is lacking to compare their biological responses and permanence.AimsThe main object of this study was to evaluate the biological response of these three types of fillers to provide a theoretical basis for clinical application.MethodsSix‐week‐old female mice were injected subcutaneously with hyaluronic acid (HA) gel, calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA) microspheres, and extracellular matrix (ECM) bio gel to observe the body reaction and permanence. At 1, 4, 8, and 16 weeks, the test sites were excised and analyzed by histopathology and proteomics.ResultsExtracellular matrix had a minimal foreign body response. HA had a good volume effect at the early stage but the volume retention rate was lower than CaHA in the long term. CaHA could stimulate neo‐collagen formation.ConclusionThis study has proven the effectiveness and safety of these fillers and could provide clinical guidance for the plastic surgeon.
Retrospective real‐world study of Definisse threads for jaw line reshaping in Indian patients (REDEFINE JAW study)
Authors: Singh Sukhbir , Ballani Indu , Patil Chetan Y. , Kaushik Isha 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThread lifting is a minimally invasive aesthetic procedure that lifts and realigns sagging tissue. Definisse double‐needle threads are the latest fourth generation absorbable, monofilament, suspension barbed threads of synthetic origin with convergent bidirectional barbs. Definisse thread produces dual action; mechanical action gives a lifting effect and over a period, it promotes histological revitalizing action.ObjectivesTo evaluate the real‐world efficacy and safety of Definisse double‐needle threads for lower facial lifting for jaw line reshaping in Indian patients.MethodsThis is an observational, retrospective study involving patients who underwent treatment for lower‐face reshaping using Definisse double‐needle 12 cm threads.ResultsFifty patients with a mean age of 47.44 years were included in the study with an average follow‐up of 5.14 months. All the patients have undergone Jawline Reshaping (JR) procedure, while 70% of patients also underwent Malar Reshaping (MR) technique simultaneously. Mean of Physician and Subject Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (PGAIS and SGAIS) showed improvement immediately after the procedure (mean scores 2.82 and 2.7, respectively) and showed further improvement at the follow‐up (3.72 and 3.58, respectively). Moreover, most of the patients immediately after the procedure rated the improvement in PGAIS and SGAIS as “much improved” compared to pre‐procedure appearance (78% and 66%, respectively), while, at follow‐up, 76% and 66% of the patients, respectively, rated “improved very much” compared to pre‐procedure appearance.ConclusionCurrent study has demonstrated the effectiveness of the latest Definisse threads in Indian patients in performing tissue repositioning to provide a noticeable lifting effect. Procedure was also well tolerated and none of the patients developed serious complications.
Evaluating the effect of tranexamic acid as mesotherapy on persistent post‐acne erythema: A before and after study
Authors: Bazargan Afsaneh Sadeghzadeh , Ziaeifar Elham , Abouie Abolfazl , Mirahmadi Sadegh , Taheri Amirmasoud , Gheisari Mehdi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundAcne vulgaris is a common skin disease that is more common in young population and it can be associated with some sequels after resolving the lesions. Post‐inflammatory erythema is one of these complications that can be disturbing for patients and does not have any definite treatment. This study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid (TA) as mesotherapy in treatment of post‐acne erythema (PAE) treatment.MethodThis clinical trial study was performed in the dermatology clinic on 17 patients with persistent PAE (3 months after acne recovery). Two sessions of treatment were performed by a physician with 2‐week intervals; TA was injected as mesotherapy into the right side of each patient's face as the case group, while the opposite side was used as the control group. A Visioface device was used to compare before and after treatment photographs of each side of the face in color mode with quantitative measures such as lesions count, area, and area percent.ResultsFinally, 15 patients completed treatment sessions. There were statistically significant differences in right side lesions before and after treatment withp‐values of 0.047, 0.002, and 0.035 for count, area, and area percent, respectively. There was no significant difference before and after treatment in terms of count, area. and area‐percent on the left side.ConclusionAccording to the results of this study, TA injection as mesotherapy for resolving PAE can be effective. However, due to small sample size, further studies are needed.
Impacts of technology implementation on nurses' work motivation, engagement, satisfaction and well‐being: A realist review
Authors: Jedwab Rebecca M. , Manias Elizabeth , Redley Bernice , Dobroff Naomi , Hutchinson Alison M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimTo examine current literature for causal explanations on how, why and under what circumstances, implementation of a new hospital electronic medical record system or similar technology impacts nurses' work motivation, engagement, satisfaction or well‐being.BackgroundImplementation of new technology, such as electronic medical record systems, affects nurses and their work, workflows and inter‐personal interactions in healthcare settings. Multiple individual and organisational‐level factors can affect technology adoption by nurses and may have negative consequences for nurses and patient safety.DesignFive‐step realist review method and Realist And Meta‐narrative Evidence Syntheses: Evolving Standards checklist was used to guide this review. Eight initial theories (programme theories) were used as the basis to explore, examine and refine literature from a range of sources.Data SourcesLiterature from five databases (APA PsycInfo, CINAHL, Embase, IEEE Xplore and MEDLINE Complete) and grey literature (from 1 January 2000 to 31 October 2021) were systematically searched and retrieved on 4 November 2021.ResultsIn all, 8980 records were screened at the title and abstract level, of which 1027 full texts were screened and 10 were included in the review. Seven studies assessed concepts in both pre‐ and post‐technology implementation. Most common contexts related to knowledge, rationale and skills to use new technology. Mechanisms that impacted nurses or nursing care delivery included: nurses' involvement in technology implementation processes; nurses' perceptions, understanding and limitations of technology impact(s) on patient care delivery; social supports; skills; implementation attitude and hardware. Work satisfaction was the most frequently examined outcome. An analysis led to nine final programme theories (including two original, six revised and one new programme theory).ConclusionNurses must be informed about the rationale for new technology and have the knowledge and skills for its use. Understanding nurses' work motivation and attitudes related to technology adoption in the workplace can support work engagement, satisfaction and well‐being.Implications for the ProfessionComplex contexts and mechanisms play a role in nurses' work motivation, engagement, satisfaction and well‐being with the implementation of new technology into healthcare settings.Relevance to Clinical PracticeNurses, their work and workflows are all influenced by the implementation of new technologies (such as electronic medical records), which in turn has consequences for patient safety and quality of care.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.Prospero Registration NumberCRD42020131875 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=131875).
Risk factors associated with outcome in goats with encephalitic listeriosis: A retrospective study of 36 cases from 2008 to 2021
Authors: Kennedy Shari , Passler Thomas , Stockler Jenna , Bayne Jenna 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere exists a scarcity of information on risk factors associated with case outcomes in goats diagnosed with encephalitic listeriosis.ObjectiveEvaluate risk factors associated with outcomes in 36 cases of suspected encephalitic listeriosis in goats presented to a referral hospital.AnimalsThirty‐six goats (26 does, 7 bucks, and 3 wethers) were presented to Auburn University Large Animal Teaching Hospital between 2008 and 2021 for treatment of neurologic disease diagnosed as encephalitic listeriosis based on any combination of clinical signs, cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) analysis, or postmortem examination.MethodsRetrospective study. Data were analyzed as binary and under a proportional odds model. The medical records were searched for presumptive encephalitic listeriosis in goats between 2008 and 2021. Data collected included signalment (sex, age, and breed), history, clinical signs, temperature, and ability to stand at presentation. Final diagnosis, CSF results, all treatments, outcomes, and results of necropsy were also collected for analysis.ResultsMale goats were 14 (95% CI: 1.98‐166.0) times more likely to be a non‐survivor compared to females despite being presented with similar history, clinical signs, and treatments. Animals presented with circling or a history of circling were 6.24 (95% CI: 1.40‐23.21) times more likely to be a survivor than a non‐survivor. Other risk factors evaluated were not significantly associated with outcomes.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceFew risk factors were associated with outcomes. Duration of clinical signs, antimicrobial or anti‐inflammatory choices, or CSF results were not associated with outcome. Only sex and history or presence of circling were associated with case outcomes.
Nurse shrubs influence plant biodiversity across environmental gradients in rocky outcrops and surrounding rangelands
Authors: Rafiee Fahime , Bashirzadeh Maral , Zare Habib , Ejtehadi Hamid , Farzam Mohammad 
Published: April 2023

AbstractQuestionRocky outcrops generally restrict recruitment and survival of plant species due to their environmental conditions including low soil moisture, nutrient shortages and microclimate harshness. Under such severe conditions, nurse plants may play critical roles in preserving plant biodiversity. Although the nurses' effects on plant biodiversity are fully understood in different major biomes, the relative effects of abiotic factors and nurse plants as important factors have rarely been studied in rocky outcrops, and compared to those in the surrounding rangelands. Therefore, we sought to assess the effects of two dominant shrub species (Artemisia aucheri and Prunus pseudoprostrata) on all biodiversity components including taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity across some environmental gradients such as precipitation and soil gradients in rocky outcrops and their surrounding rangelands.LocationThe study was conducted on six sites located in rocky outcrops and their surrounding rangelands across a precipitation gradient (160–910 mm) and under different soil fertility levels in northern Iran.MethodsWe established 80 1‐m2 (1 m × 1 m) plots in each site with respect to the presence of nurse shrubs, and measured biodiversity components within the plots using Rao Q entropies (q0, q1 and q2) and mean pairwise distance (MPD) indices. The relative interaction index (RII) was also calculated to quantify the interaction type and intensity. Finally, variation partitioning analysis was performed to determine the relative importance of biotic interactions and abiotic factors such as precipitation, electrical conductivity (EC) and phosphorus on structuring biodiversity components.ResultsPlant–plant interactions and abiotic factors consistently influenced different components of biodiversity in rocky outcrops and their surrounding rangelands. However, nurse shrubs showed stronger effects on plant biodiversity than abiotic factors by providing suitable microenvironments to harbor less‐tolerant plant species under the severe conditions of outcrops. In addition, microhabitats beneath nurse shrubs significantly responded to soil EC and precipitation gradients, with a decrease in competition intensity under intermediate levels of the gradients. In contrast, nurse shrubs negatively affected different components of biodiversity, with a decrease in biodiversity under intermediate levels of environmental gradients in surrounding rangelands.ConclusionsOur findings show critical roles of nurse shrubs for maintaining plant biodiversity in rocky outcrops depending on their growth form and the biodiversity component considered. In this case, nurse shrubs could reduce double environmental filtering, consistent with establishing a functional paradox trade‐off to support a wide range of plant species with functionally divergent relatedness.
Bilevel optimization of a housing allocation and traffic emission problem in a predictive dynamic continuum transportation system
Authors: Yang Liangze , Wong S. C. , Ho H. W. , Shu Chi‐Wang , Zhang Mengping 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn recent decades, the effects of vehicle emissions on urban environments have raised increasing concerns, and it has been recognized that vehicle emissions affect peoples’ choice of housing location. Additionally, housing allocation patterns determine people's travel behavior and thus affect vehicle emissions. This study considers the housing allocation problem by incorporating vehicle emissions in a city with a single central business district (CBD) into a bilevel optimization model. In the lower level subprogram, under a fixed housing allocation, a predictive dynamic continuum user‐optimal (PDUO‐C) model with a combined departure time and route choice is used to study the city's traffic flow. In the upper level subprogram, the health cost is defined and minimized to identify the optimal allocation of additional housing units to update the housing allocation. A simulated annealing algorithm is used to solve the housing allocation problem. The results show that the distribution of additional housing locations is dependent on the distance and direction from the CBD. Sensitivity analyses demonstrate the influences of various factors (e.g., budget and cost of housing supply) on the optimized health cost and travel demand pattern.
Cephalad extraspinal spinal cord stimulator lead migration & salvage: A case report
Authors: Heros Robert D. , Anderson Jason G. , Cariello Christopher 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionSpinal cord stimulation is an important therapy option for the treatment of chronic neuropathic pain of spinal or peripheral etiology. As with any implantable device, complications may arise. These must be promptly identified and managed to maintain patients in successful therapy.Case ReportWe report an unusual case of cephalad and extraspinal lead migration requiring surgical intervention in order to salvage therapy.ConclusionLead migration is one of the most common complications of spinal cord stimulation, and left untreated can lead to loss of therapy and possible device explant. A strategy for correcting this issue is needed, and we present an unusual case to consider when faced with a loss of therapy from lead migration.
Transition readiness in adolescents and young adults with chronic genetic skin conditions
Authors: Ho Frances O. , Rustad Andrea M. , Ren Ziyou , Khabbaz Lydia R. , Knoll Justin M. , Rangel Stephanie M. , Paller Amy S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesHealthcare transition (HCT) refers to movement from pediatric to adult healthcare models. Lack of HCT preparation contributes to poor health outcomes. This study measures readiness to transition in individuals with genetic skin conditions.MethodsParticipants signed IRB‐approved consents/assents. Participants ages 14–22 years with genetic skin disorders were surveyed with measures of QoL (Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index/CDLQI or DLQI) and HCT readiness using the Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire (TRAQ) and adapted non‐validated measures of Skin Knowledge and Psychosocial Factors (5 = highest readiness). Mean TRAQ was compared with historical data on controls and other chronic conditions (t‐tests) and correlated (Pearson) with Skin Knowledge and Psychosocial. Multivariable regression compared demographics and QoL with transition readiness.ResultsA total of 45 participants were enrolled (mean age 17.8 years, 67% female, 71% White; disorders of cornification [n = 31], ectodermal dysplasias [n = 7], epidermolysis bullosa [n = 4], tuberous sclerosis [n = 3]). Mean TRAQ (3.3 ± 0.9) was lower than controls (3.9; p < .001) and some chronic disorders (sickle cell [3.7; p < .05], type 1 diabetes [3.7; p < .01]), but higher than with spina bifida (2.8; p < .001) and congenital heart disease (2.9; p < .01). Mean Skin Knowledge was 4.2 ± 1.0, and mean Psychosocial was 3.4 ± 0.8. TRAQ correlated strongly with Skin Knowledge (r = .61; p < .05), but not Psychosocial (r = .12; p = .6). Ages 14–17 years versus 18–22 years and public versus private insurance predicted lower TRAQ scores. Poor DLQI predicted higher TRAQ and Skin Knowledge, but poor DLQI and CDLQI predicted lower Psychosocial.ConclusionsAdolescents and young adults with genetic skin disorders demonstrated low transition readiness, especially among younger‐aged and lower socioeconomic groups. We recommend a HCT intervention to improve health outcomes.
The antiviral activity of currently used medicinal plants in aquaculture and structure–activity relationship of their active ingredients
Authors: Hu Yang , Zhang Xu , Shan Li‐peng , Liu Lei , Chen Jiong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAquaculture is an important source of high‐quality protein and plays a crucial role in ensuring global food security. However, viral diseases have caused significant damage to aquaculture production, making it necessary to develop effective measures to treat them. Although drugs are commonly used to treat viral diseases, recent studies have shown that crude extracts of medicinal plants and their active ingredients have potential applications in the treatment of aquatic viral diseases. Furthermore, natural small molecule compounds from herbs could be used as lead compounds to develop more potent anti‐aquatic virus derivatives. As such, there is an urgent need to develop and apply drugs for the treatment of viral disease outbreaks in aquaculture. In this review, we summarize previous studies on the efficacy of different agents used as antiviral drugs in aquaculture, with a focus on their protective effects. Additionally, we highlight the potential of active natural compounds isolated from medicinal plants, which could serve as lead compounds for developing aquatic‐specific drugs. However, the relationship between the structure of a compound and its antiviral activity in aquaculture has not been clearly elucidated, posing a challenge for further drug optimisation. Therefore, this study also analyses the structure–activity relationship of several reported lead compounds and their derivatives in aquaculture, providing a reference for subsequent drug development efforts.
More control–less agency slack? Principal control and the risk of agency slack in international organizations
Authors: Jankauskas Vytautas , Knill Christoph , Bayerlein Louisa 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPrincipal‐agent theorizing is based on the idea of a linear inverse relationship between principal control and agency slack: the higher the control over the agent, the less likely is the agent to slack. In this paper, we challenge this assumption by explicitly taking the varying nature of agents into account. While control may reduce the agent's room for maneuver, it does not explain the extent to which different agents are inclined to put efforts in circumventing these obstacles. Focusing on international organizations (IOs), we measure member states' as principals' control over IO administrations as their agents as well as the latter's intrinsic propensity to slack across eight major IOs. The analysis shows that low control by the principal is not necessarily associated with run‐away agents, whereas high control is not necessarily associated with servant‐like agents. The assumed control–slack relationship can thus be distorted and determining an ideal level of control is not possible without considering the agent's entrepreneurialism.
Evidence‐based analysis of multi‐pronged approaches for education and behavior management of autistic patients in a dental setting
Authors: Goyal Tavisha , Kalra Namita , Tyagi Rishi , Khatri Amit , Sabherwal Puja , Yangdol Padma 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundAutism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental condition which has posed a challenge to carers, pediatricians and dentists through the years. Over the last four decades, the disorder has been better understood and management techniques have evolved. In the field of dentistry, the autistic child presents difficulty in management, even for the simplest dental procedures. A comprehensive understanding of other psychoeducational and behavioral approaches to manage autism is very important. This article aims to introduce various important key techniques such as Applied Behavior Analysis, TEACCH, Sensory Adapted Dental Environment, Picture Exchange Communication System, and Animal Assisted Therapy and analyze their application in dentistry.MethodsA search of literature was carried out in Clinicaltrials.gov, Medline and Scopus with the search terms “Applied Behavior Analysis,” “TEACCH,” “Sensory Adapted Dental Environment,” “Picture Exchange Communication System,” and “Animal Assisted Therapy” along with “autism OR autistic,” “dental OR dentistry OR oral health.” After the screening for inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 eligible articles were included, in English, published within the last 10 years.ResultsLimited research was available regarding these lesser‐known behavioral approaches in dentistry. The few that were available showed encouraging results. The different techniques proved useful in increasing acceptance of dental treatment and reducing behavioral disturbances. The patients experienced reduced dental anxiety, lesser discomfort, improved communication, and knowledge.ConclusionPediatric and special care dentists are likely to benefit by incorporating the recommended comprehensive behavior management techniques in their practice. There is evidence that these techniques will reduce behavioral disturbances in autistic children thereby making primary dental care possible without the need for sedation or general anesthesia.
A Spinozist defense of trope theory
Authors: Costa Emanuele 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTrope theory and Spinoza's metaphysics apparently present two incompatible ontological landscapes. Spinoza assigns a strong metaphysical priority to a grounding substance and describes common objects as adjectival upon such substance. By contrast, several contemporary trope theories attempt to reduce all substances (both universal and particular) to bundles of individual properties. In this article, I motivate, defend, and develop a compatible reading of Spinozism and trope theories. This interpretation provides new reasons to take seriously some of the most controversial of Spinoza's claims, such as its monism and its commitment to universal necessity. Moreover, my interpretation undermines some classical objections against trope theories, such as their unwarranted multiplication of metaphysical objects, and their commitment to a description of objects based on necessary sets of their properties.