bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenotypes of Symptom, Function, and Medication Burden in Older Adults with Nondialysis Advanced Kidney Disease
Authors: Ma Jessica E. , Berkowitz Theodore S.Z. , Olsen Maren K. , Smith Battista , Lorenz Karl A. , Bowling C. Barrett 
Published: September 2023

Key Points

There are three distinct classes of symptoms, functional impairment, and medication burden among older adults with advanced kidney disease.One class with Complex Needs with pain and psychological symptoms, functional difficulties, and polypharmacy may benefit from tailored multidisciplinary care.

Background
Older adults with advanced CKD (stages 4 and 5) have significant symptoms, polypharmacy, and functional difficulties, and previous studies evaluated these burdens separately. Identifying subgroups with similar patterns of burdens could help clinicians optimize care for these individuals.

Methods
We conducted a secondary analysis of 377 older participants (70 years and older) with stage 4 and 5 CKD at high risk of hospitalization enrolled in a national Veterans Affairs prospective cohort study. Adults on dialysis or with prior kidney transplant were excluded. We used latent class analysis to identify participants with similar patterns across symptoms, medication burden, and function. Sixteen variables were included: symptoms (anxiety, depression, appetite, pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, dizziness, leg weakness, constipation, and stiffness using the Symptom Burden Score), polypharmacy (≥10 medications and potentially inappropriate medications), and function (activities of daily living [ADLs], physical and cognitive instrumental ADLs [IADLs], and falls in the past year). We also compared 12-month hospitalization and mortality rates between the three classes.

Results
Three classes of participants with similar functional impairment, medication burden, and symptom phenotypes were identified. The largest participant class (N=208) primarily had difficulties with physical IADLs and polypharmacy. The second participant class (N=99) had shortness of breath, constipation, and dizziness. The third participant class (N=70) had complex needs with daily pain, psychological symptoms (anxiety and depression), functional limitations (ADLs and physical and cognitive IADLs), and polypharmacy. The three classes had significantly different levels of comorbidities, financial stress, and social support. There were no significant differences in mortality and hospitalization among the three classes.

Conclusion
There are distinct classes of older adults with advanced CKD who have physical and psychological symptoms, functional impairment, and medication burden. Tailoring care for this population should include a multidisciplinary team to address these overlapping symptoms, medication, and functional needs.
ANALISIS STRUKTUR GEDUNG DENGAN MODIFIKASI PELAT LANTAI DAN DINDING DENGAN METODE PENERAPAN REKAYASA NILAI (VALUE ENGINEERING)
Authors: Fikri Pratama Boni Syahrul , Kurnia Fadli 
Published: September 2023

Zaman berkembang sangat pesat sehingga banyak masyarakat mencari hunian mewah, aman dan nyaman. Untuk dapat menghemat dan mempercepat pembangunan dengan memunculkan inovasi baru untuk konstruksi gedung bertingkat yaitu penggunaan panel lantai. Panel lantai juga dikenal sebagai panel yang relatif ringan. Elemen ini terbuat dari bahan berkualitas tinggi, ringan dan lebih mudah dipasang. Dengan menggunakan pelat lantai, pembangunan vertikal, sehingga mempercepat proses renovasi. Pelat lantai merupakan alternatif, di mana pelat lantai tidak dicetak dengan cara tradisional, tetapi menggunakan metode yang lebih efisien, pemasangan langsung. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan Studi kasus pada Pembangunan Gedung Gedung Pusat Data Keanekaragaman Hayati (KEHATI) – Paket I. Berlokasi di Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km. 47, Cibinong, Bogor, Jawa Barat 16911, perencanaan ini untuk Mengetahui perbandingan penggunaan alternatif material yang paling optimal dalam membuat perencanaan pembangunan yang dipakai dalam pembangunan gedung. Rancangan ini didasarkan pada aturan perencanaan keselamatan gempa struktural dan non-struktural SNI 1726-2019. Dan juga untuk Mengetahui perbedaan perencanaan struktur pada tiap-tiap opsi yang direncanakan pada perencanaan gedung Dengan metode penelitian (Value Engineering). Untuk memecahkan masalah secara spesifik, dengan Mengganti pelat lantai dengan beton pracetak sebagai pengganti beton cor biasa, telah mencapai pengurangan berat yang signifikan sebesar ± 4.725 ton. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, alternatif yang digunakan adalah skenario 1 dan 2. Panel prefabrikasi direkomendasikan untuk pembuatan dinding eksterior. Lantai beton bertulang asli dapat didukung oleh pelat prefabrikasi, mengurangi manfaat struktural sebesar 36,55%.
Fabrication of polarity inverted LiNbO3/GaN channel waveguide by surface activated bonding for high-efficiency transverse quasi-phase-matched wavelength conversion
Authors: Noro Ryosuke , Adachi Mariko , Fujiwara Yasufumi , Uemukai Masahiro , Tanikawa Tomoyuki , Katayama Ryuji 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
GaN is an attractive material for integrating optical quantum devices. Adding a large optical nonlinearity of MgO doped congruent LiNbO3 (MgO:CLN) to GaN will improve the efficiency of quantum light sources. In this work, we proposed transverse quasi-phase-matched wavelength conversion devices with waveguide core materials of MgO:CLN and GaN. The waveguide core is formed by an adhesion-free surface activated bonding (SAB). A high thin film transfer yield was achieved with a high bonding strength of 4 MPa by optimizing the bonding conditions and reducing the surface roughness of the GaN film to be 0.5 nm in a 100 × 100 μm2 area using chemical mechanical polishing. The MgO:CLN/GaN waveguide structure was successfully fabricated by MgO:CLN thin film transfer, lift-off and dry etching processes. This MgO:CLN/GaN adhesion-free SAB technique is expected to be applied to various devices, such as optical devices and electronic devices, to enhance their functionality.
Evaluación de la actualización del manejo de paro cardiorrespiratorio en Bomberos Voluntarios
Authors: Castellanos Yumán Sandra Patricia 
Published: September 2023

PROBLEMA: El paro cardiorrespiratorio ocupa una de las principales muertes a nivel mundial; de acuerdo al Instituto Nacional de Estadística en el 2018 los problemas circulatorios representaban el 16% de muertes en la población guatemalteca; para el 2019 a nivel mundial representa el 16% de muertes, refiere la Organización Mundial de la Salud, posicionándose, como una de las 10 principales causas de muerte. OBJETIVO: Evaluar la actualización del manejo del paro cardiorrespiratorio de acuerdo a las guías de la American Heart Association 2020, en bomberos voluntarios de Zacapa, Chiquimula, y San Luis Jilotepeque, Jalapa, de la región Nororiente y Suroriente del país. MÉTODO: Se realizó una investigación acción donde 59 bomberos con más de 3 años de servicio de la fuerza activa, ingresaron para responder un test; de los cuales 37 aceptaron ser parte del estudio, previo consentimiento informado y 30 se presentaron a la capacitación en Finca Los Laureles Chiquimula, Ruta a Ipala. RESULTADOS: El 84% de bomberos no estaban actualizados; luego de la capacitación se logró la actualización del 51%. CONCLUSIÓN: La desactualización en el manejo del paciente con paro cardiorrespiratorio, se debe a los más de 10 años de servicio de la mayoría de bomberos, por desconocimiento de las guías de manejo actual.
Relationship of Transport Coefficients with Statistical Quantities of Charged Particles
Authors: Wang J. F. , Qin G. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In previous studies, a general spatial transport equation was derived from the Fokker–Planck equation. The latter equation contains an infinite number of spatial derivative terms T

n
= κ

nz
∂
n

F/∂z

n
with n = 1, 2, 3, ⋯ . Due to the complexity of the general equation, some simplified equations with finitely many spatial derivative terms have been used by astrophysical researches, e.g., the diffusion equation, the hyperdiffusion equation, subdiffusion transport equation, etc. In this paper, the simplified transport equations with the spatial derivative terms up to the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth order are listed, and their transport coefficient formulas are derived, respectively. We find that most of the transport coefficients are determined by the corresponding statistical quantities. In addition, we find that the well-known statistical quantities, the skewness



and the kurtosis



, are determined by some transport coefficients. The results can help one to use various transport coefficients determined by the statistical quantities, including many that are relatively newfound in this paper, to study charged particle parallel transport processes.
The Role of the OLS Program in the Development of echinopscis (an Extensible Notebook for Open Science on Specimens)
Authors: Nicolson Nicky , Lucas Eve 
Published: September 2023

Starting in early 2022, biodiversity informatics researchers at Kew have been developing echinopscis: an "extensible notebook for open science on specimens". This aims to build on the early experiments that our community conducted with "e-taxonomy": the development of tools and techniques to enable taxonomic research to be conducted online. Early e-taxonomic tools (e.g., Scratchpads Smith et al. 2011) had to perform a wide range of functions, but in the past decade or so the move towards open science has built better support for generic functionality, such as reference management (Zotero) and document production (pandoc), skills development in automation and revision control to support reproducible science, as documented by the Turing Way (The Turing Way Community 2022), and an awareness of the importance of community building. We have developed echinopscis at Kew via a cross-departmental collaboration between researchers in biodiversity informatics and accelerated taxonomy. We have also benefitted from valuable input and advice from our many colleagues in associated projects and organisations around the world.
OLS (originally Open Life Sciences) is a training and mentoring program for Open Science leaders with a focus on community building. The name was recently (2023) made more generic—"Open Seeds"—whilst retaining their well-known acronym "OLS"*1. OLS is a 16-week cohort-based mentoring program. Participants apply to join a cohort with a project that is developed through the 16 weeks. Each week of the syllabus alternates between time with a dedicated Open Science mentor and cohort calls, which are used to develop skills in project design, community building, open development & licencing, and inclusivity. Over 500 practitioners, experts and learners have participated across the seven completed cohorts of OLS' Open Seeds training and mentoring. Through this programme, over 300 researchers and open leaders from across six continents have designed, lauched and supported 200 projects from different disciplines worldwide. The next cohort will run between September 2023 and January 2024, and will be the eighth iteration of the program.
This talk will briefly outline the work that we have done to setup and experiment with echinopscis, but will focus on the impact that the OLS program has had in its development. We will also include the use of techniques learned through OLS in other biodiversity informatics projects. OLS acknowledges that their program receives relatively few applications from project leads in biodiversity and we hope that this talk will be informative for Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG) participants and can be used to build productive links between these communities.
Quand l’idéal démocratique ne résiste pas : ethnographie d’un conflit insurmontable en milieu militant
Authors: De Pietro Célia 
Published: September 2023

Cet article explore les difficultés de maintenir un idéal démocratique lors de désaccords profonds sur des questions telles que l’inclusivité en partant d’un conflit interne au sein du groupe militant lausannois (CH) d’Extinction Rebellion (XR). Ce conflit a figé le mouvement, limitant les débats et les possibilités de résolution collective des problèmes en résultant. À partir d’observations ethnographiques, cet article revient sur les obstacles rencontrés par XR Lausanne empêchant ses activistes de s’engager dans un débat fertile. Malgré de nombreux efforts, c’est le groupe tout entier qui se retrouve piégé entre deux camps irréconciliables. Dans ces conditions, est-il possible de continuer à résister ensemble ?
Peut-on comprendre le sceptique ?
Authors: Thébert Angélique 
Published: September 2023

Supposons un sceptique qui doute qu’il ait deux mains. Je montre tout d’abord que si on le compare au fou, cela coupe court à toute tentative de le comprendre. La raison en est non pas qu’il ne partage pas les mêmes croyances-charnières que nous, mais qu’il n’effectue aucun partage entre des croyances-charnières et des croyances susceptibles d’être révisées. Puis je propose un autre modèle à partir duquel le discours d’un sceptique peut apparaître comme intelligible : le modèle de la compréhension interculturelle. Dans ce cadre, un sceptique n’est intelligible que s’il adhère à un système partagé de distribution entre des croyances-charnières et des croyances révisables, quand bien même il n’a pas les mêmes croyances-charnières que nous.
Les représentations sociales du repas gastronomique
Authors: Cardinale Bruno 
Published: September 2023

La découverte d’un pays passe par celle de sa gastronomie, faisant du repas un espace au sein duquel se décryptent les besoins physiologiques de l’Homme, mais aussi ses croyances, ses représentations, ses valeurs, et sa culture. Faisant l’éloge de la table au travers de ses célèbres aphorismes, Brillat-Savarin avançait déjà l’idée selon laquelle « les animaux se repaissent ; l’Homme mange ». Consciente des enjeux liés à la gastronomie Française, la Mission Française du Patrimoine et des Cultures Alimentaires porta le projet du classement du repas gastronomique des Français (RGF) sur la liste du patrimoine culturel immatériel de l’humanité. Le processus impliqua une définition du RGF qui ne fit pas l’objet d’un consensus. La question demeure : qu’est-ce qu’un repas gastronomique ? Nous avons interrogé 424 Français : dans cet article, nous étudions et classons leurs représentations du repas gastronomique pour mieux en préciser le concept et les orientations.
Female but Not Male Mice Deficient in Soluble IgM Are Susceptible to Chemically Induced Glomerular Injury
Authors: Whelan Russell , Feemster Andrew , Laskowski Jennifer , Renner Brandon , Kulik Liudmila , Poppelaars Felix , Lee Cameron , Holers V Michael , Thurman Joshua M 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
B cell–targeted therapies are effective for treating multiple different kidney diseases in humans and also protect mice from Adriamycin nephropathy. Because glomerular IgM is frequently seen in both humans and mice with “nonimmune” forms of glomerular disease, we hypothesized that natural IgM binds to epitopes displayed in the injured glomerulus, exacerbating injury. To test this hypothesis, we induced Adriamycin nephropathy in BALB/C mice that cannot secrete soluble IgM (sIgM−/− mice) and compared them with BALB/C controls. Contrary to our prediction, we found that female sIgM−/− mice developed higher mortality and more severe kidney injury after injection of Adriamycin. The absence of soluble IgM did not reduce glomerular complement activation, and IgG was seen deposited within the injured glomeruli. Furthermore, we discovered that female sIgM−/− mice have higher levels of anti-cardiolipin IgG, and that IgG from these mice binds to epitopes in the injured kidney. These findings indicate that natural IgM may prevent generation of autoreactive IgG. Circulating levels of anti-cardiolipin IgG decreased after induction of kidney injury in female mice, consistent with deposition of the Abs in injured tissues. Better understanding of the mechanisms by which the immune system modulates and amplifies kidney injury may enable the development of targeted therapies to slow kidney disease progression.
Prevalence, Patterns, and Predictors of Tobacco Consumption among Adolescents: An Observational Study from a Rural area of Rajasthan
Authors: Gupta Ajay , Grover Somya , Sakrawal Komal , Kumar Abhishek , Meena Sadhana , Rathore Monika , Kumawat Pragya 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background:
The prevalence of smoking cigarettes among adolescents in India is nearly one in 10, and almost half of them initiate tobacco use before turning 10 years old. Our study objective was to assess the prevalence of tobacco consumption and the sociodemographic factors associated with tobacco consumption among adolescents in a rural area of Rajasthan.

Materials and Methods:
This community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of 1 year from April 2021 to March 2022 in village Naila, Jaipur. All 1083 adolescents of village Naila were contacted; however, 1049 were included in the study. Multivariate logistic regression (forward likelihood model) was used to assess the strength of the association of risk factors for the consumption of tobacco.

Results:
A considerable proportion, that is, 22.4% (235/1049), of adolescents were tobacco consumers. Out of 235 consumers, 104 were smokers, 65 were consuming smokeless tobacco, and 66 were consuming both forms of tobacco. In multivariate analysis, age, sex, grade of participants, pocket money, family history of tobacco and alcohol consumption, maternal education, and per capita income were found to be significant predictors of tobacco consumption (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Tobacco consumption is highly common in Rajasthan’s rural adolescent population, and it begins at a very young age. Hence, corrective measures need to be initiated in an early stage of life. To reduce the impact of social norms, peer pressure, and family members who consume tobacco, the behavioral change communication activities must be strengthened.
A Community Trial in Coastal Karnataka using Life Style Modifications to Assess its Impact on Hypertension and Diabetes
Authors: Kundapur Rashmi , Modi Bhavesh , Rashmi Anusha , Mendagudli Roopa R. , Sunhitha V , Saxena Deepak 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
In the management of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, a systematic response like modifications in lifestyles is needed along with the medication. The study was conducted to determine the impact of comprehensive lifestyle modifications on hypertension and diabetes and to compare it with that of physical activity alone as a health education intervention.

Materials and Method:
A risk factor-based community intervention trial was conducted for one year in 3 villages in coastal Karnataka. The sample of 305 was calculated depending on the expected change in blood pressure and an equal sample size was drawn from each of the villages using a systematic random sampling method. Baseline data on blood pressure level, random blood sugar, and HbA1c levels were recorded. After 1 year of intervention, all the parameters were further recorded along with the adherence to medication for these non-communicable diseases.

Results:
The mean difference between the groups suggested that participants with physical activity intervention reported a statistically significant reduction in systolic blood pressure. In the comprehensive lifestyle modification group, there was a significant reduction in both diastolic blood pressure and glycated hemoglobin levels (21 mmHg and 2.1%; p < 0.001).

Conclusion:
The study indicates that in the management of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, the impact of comprehensive lifestyle modifications was more significant compared to physical activity alone.
Enhancing Medical Diagnosis with AI: A Focus on Respiratory Disease Detection
Authors: Sharma Sachin , Pandey Siddhant , Shah Dharmesh 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background:
Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing medical diagnosis and healthcare, providing constant support to medical practitioners. Intelligent systems alleviate workload pressure while optimizing practitioner performance. AI and deep learning have also improved medical imaging and audio analysis.

Material and Methods:
This research focuses on predicting respiratory diseases using audio recordings from an electronic stethoscope. A convolutional neural network (CNN) was trained on a Respiratory Sound Database, augmented to generate 1,428 audio files. Techniques such as pitch shifting, time stretching, noise addition, time and frequency masking, dynamic range compression, and resampling were employed to increase the diversity and size of the training data.

Result:
Features were extracted from mono audio files, creating a four layer CNN with 90% accuracy. The software, developed using the CNN model and Streamlit python library, offers a new tool for early and accurate diagnosis, reducing the burden on medical practitioners and enhanci ng their performance. The study highlights AI’s potential in respiratory disease detection through audio analysis.

Conclusion:
The software, developed using the CNN model and Streamlit python library, offers a new tool for early and accurate diagnosis, reducing the burden on medical practitioners and enhancing their performance.
Protective Effects of Oxytocin and Progesterone on Paclitaxel-Induced Neuropathy in Rats
Authors: Ekici Mehmet , Balkaya1 Muharrem 
Published: September 2023

Objective:
Paclitaxel (Ptx), used to treat cancer, still causes neuropathic pain and peripheral neuropathy today. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of progesterone (Pg) and oxytocin (Oxy) on peripheral neuropathy rat model induced by Ptx.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 38 male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups, e.g., control (n = 6), Ptx (n = 8), Ptx + Oxy (n = 8), Ptx + Pg (n = 8), and Ptx + Oxy + Pg (n = 8). The rats were monitored daily for body weight change throughout the experiment. To evaluate peripheral neuropathy, electroneuromyography measurements (latency, amplitude, and motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV)) were recorded from the sciatic nerve innervating the gastrocnemius muscle. Sciatic nerve tissue samples were collected for histopathological evaluation.

Results:
Ptx led to significant reductions in body weight from day 6 (P < 0.05). There was no difference between groups in the distal latency and amplitudes (P > 0.05). Proximal latency was prolonged in Ptx group rats than in other groups (P < 0.05). Importantly, it was found that MNCV was higher in the Ptx + Pg group than Ptx, Ptx + Oxy, and Ptx + Oxy + Pg groups (P < 0.05). Furthermore, Pg-administered rats had the lowest nerve degeneration compared to rats administered Oxy and Oxy + Pg (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
The present findings suggest that Pg has a protective effect on peripheral neuropathy induced by Ptx in rat.
On some multiplicative properties of large difference sets
Authors: Shkredov Ilya D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn our paper, we study multiplicative properties of difference sets
$A-A$
for large sets
$A \subseteq {\mathbb {Z}}/q{\mathbb {Z}}$
in the case of composite q. We obtain a quantitative version of a result of A. Fish about the structure of the product sets
$(A-A)(A-A)$
. Also, we show that the multiplicative covering number of any difference set is always small.