bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Magnetic Bead Size on the Isolation Efficiency of Lung Cancer Cells in a Serpentine Microchannel with Added Cavities
Authors: Su Tzu-Cheng , Vu-Dinh Hien , Lin Shu-Hui , Quang Loc Do , Duc Trinh Chu , Jen Chun-Ping 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
An investigation was conducted to examine the effect of magnetic bead (MB) size on the effectiveness of isolating lung cancer cells using the immunomagnetic separation (IMS) method in a serpentine microchannel with added cavities (SMAC) structure. Carboxylated-magnetic beads were specifically attached to cells through a modification process using aptamers. Cells immobilized with different sizes (in micrometers) of MBs were captured and isolated in the proposed device for comparison and analysis. A computational model was performed to clarify the working principles of the device. To accurately evaluate the impact of MB sizes on capture efficiency, we have included the issue of MB-cell accumulation at the interface between the vertical inlet and the microfluidic channel, despite it being overlooked in many previous studies. A detailed examination of both the accumulation rate and the capture efficiency was conducted. Our findings demonstrated an increasing trend in binding efficiency as the size of MBs decreased, evidenced by coverage values of 50.5%, 60.1%, and 73.4% for MB sizes of 1.36 μm, 3.00 μm, and 4.50 μm, respectively. Furthermore, the overall capture efficiency (without considering the inlet accumulation) was higher for smaller MBs. However, when accounting for the actual number of cells entering the channel (i.e., the effective capture), larger MBs showed higher capture efficiency. The highest effective capture achieved was 88.4% for the size of 4.50 μm. This research provides a comprehensive insight into the impact of MB size on the performance of IMS-based devices and holds promise for the efficient separation of circulating cancer cells in practical applications.
Early Selection of Drought Tolerant Maize Genotypes Using Physio- Morphological Traits
Authors: Naeem Muhammad , Ali Muhammad Haider , Ahmed Hafiz Ghulam Muhu-Din , Saeed Amjad , Ali Muhammad , Shah Adnan Noor , Ali Amjed , Yang Seung Hwan , Gaafar Abdel-Rhman Z. , Hodhod Mohamed S. , Lamlom Sobhi F. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Maize (Zea mays) is a broadly cultivated for its seed, a cereal grain and it is a global staple food. However, water shortage pose a serious threat to its production globally. Drought stress negatively affects the growth and development of maize leading to, less germination, diminished grain yield and quality. The experiment was performed in a wire house of the department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, at The Islamia University of Bahawalpur. Eighteen maize genotypes were screened for drought at various levels during the seedling stage using complete randomized design (CRD). The major traits chlorophyll content, shoot length, root length, fresh shoot weight, dry root weight, fresh root weight and dry root weight traits were studied. The genotypes MERAJ-2019, SILVER-2019, SAR-SUBZ-2019, Sarhad white performed when water stress was imposed and considered as drought-tolerant keeping in view these performances, we can increase the yield by using this breeding material from above screening genotypes of maize under drought stress and overcome the challenges of drought in Agriculture sector of Pakistan.
A mid-high spatial frequency error suppression method based on the pseudo-random path with spatial MABF mapping for complex surface
Authors: Wang Wei , Ji Shijun , Zhao Ji , Li Xiaoya 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Optical lenses, mirrors and other precision optical components will inevitably produce mid-high spatial frequency errors in polishing, which will cause light scattering in different degrees, and seriously affect the imaging performance of the optical system such as contrast and reflectivity. The pseudo-random path has high direction randomness, effectively suppressing the machined surface's periodic polishing marks. In this study, a mesh surface pseudo-random path planning method based on the Matrix Angle Based Flattening (MABF) algorithm is proposed to suppress the mid-high spatial frequency errors generated in the polishing process of free-form surface, and it extended the application scope of the pseudo-random path planning method from the plane to the complex surface. Firstly, to improve the computational efficiency and reduce the deformation of the mesh in the parameterization process, an improved Angle-based Flattening (ABF) algorithm called the MABF algorithm is proposed. Then, a pseudo-random path planning method for complex surfaces is proposed based on spatial mapping. This method mainly includes pseudo-random path planning in the parameterized plane, path inverse mapping and NURBS smoothing processing. The pseudo-random path obtained by this method has the advantages of smooth and uniform distribution. Simulation results show that the MABF algorithm is superior to the ABF algorithm in computing efficiency and error control. Simulations and experiments are conducted to verify the feasibility of the proposed path planning method in complex surface polishing and the effectiveness of suppressing mid-high spatial frequency errors.
CD39 identifies a specific CD8+T cell population in EGFR- driven lung adenocarcinoma related metastatic pleural effusion
Authors: Lv Leilei , Wang Hong , Zhang Yao-xin , Zhai Jia-wei , Shen Yu , Qu Qiu-Xia , Chen Cheng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is common in lung cancer, which was a complex microenvironment containing a plethora of immune and tumor signals. Gene alterations such as driver gene mutations were considered to affect the components in the TIME of non-small-cell lung cancer （NSCLC）. Here, we demonstrated that pleural CD39+CD8+T cells were selectively elevated in firstly-diagnosed lung adenocarcinoma with wild-type epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRwt) compared to that in mutant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRmu), while abnormally more represented in MPE with epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor acquired resistance (AR-EGFR-TKI). Analysis showed that pleural CD39+CD8+T cells display exhausted phenotype and potential cytolytic function, together with skewed usages of T cell receptor (TCR)-Vβ repertoire in comparison with CD39-CD8+T cells, which constituted common feature of lung adenocarcinoma related MPE. Further study revealed TCR-Vβ diversity tended to be more enhanced in pleural CD39+CD8+T cell from MPE coupled with AR-EGFR-TKI. Taken together, we have identified a subset of CD8+T cells expressing CD39 in MPE, whom proposed as the potential tumor-reactive CD8+T cells, and further provided a new understanding of dynamic immune composition of EGFR-mutant tumor microenvironment.
A Comparative Analysis of the Efficacy and Safety of Mini-Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Performed in the Supine and Prone Positions for the Treatment of Pediatric Kidney Stones: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Bitkin Alper , Özlü Deniz Noyan , Ekşi Mithat , Kargı Taner , Fakir Ali Emre , Ayten Ali , Polat Hakan , Taşçı Ali İhsan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Aim
Mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL), which has a smaller tract size (14-20 Fr) than conventional percutaneous nephrolithotomy, has been shown to be safe and effective in pediatric patients with large and complex upper urinary tract stones. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of MPCNL between the supine and prone positions in a pediatric population.
Method
The data of pediatric patients who underwent MPCNL at our center between January 2010 and March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the surgical position, the patients were divided into the prone (Group P) and supine (Group S) groups. In both groups, dilatation was performed using 14-18Fr metallic dilators. The two groups were compared in terms of perioperative data, postoperative stone-free rates (SFRs), and complications.
Results
There were 36 (59%) patients in Group P and 25 (41%) patients in Group S. Stones were mostly located in the pelvis (49.2%) and second most frequently in the lower pole (27.9%). Fluoroscopy time was shorter in Group S but did not statistically significantly differ compared to Group P (p = 0.181). However, operation time was statistically significantly shorter in Group S (73.8 ± 35 vs. 99.8 ± 37.4 min, p = 0.008). Although there was no significant difference, relatively higher SFR were detected in Group S (88% vs. 83%, p = 0.725). Endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery (ECIRS) was performed on six (24%) patients in Group S, and the SFR was 100% among these patients. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the presence of complications (16.7% vs. 16%, p = 0.945).
Conclusion
Both supine and prone MPCNL appear to be safe and effective in the pediatric age group, with similar stone-free and complication rates. In the supine procedure, the operation time is shortened compared to the prone. In addition, simultaneous retrograde access has the potential to increase the overall success rate of surgery.
Uptake of assisted partner notification among HIV-positive adults with severe mental illness at a national referral hospital in Uganda: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Nante Rachel Wangi , Kiweewa John M. , Muyinda Herbert , Ndagire Regina , Ssendikwanawa Emmanuel , Ojiambo Kevin Ouma , Nangendo Joanita , Nakku Juliet , Semitala Fred C. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: HIV more negatively affects people with severe mental illnesses (SMIs) than the general population. In 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) introduced assisted partner notification (APN) as a strategy to increase HIV testing. Although research has demonstrated the effectiveness of APN in the general population, its use among people living with HIV (PLHIV) who have SMI is not well understood. This study sought to determine the uptake of the APN strategy among PLHIV who had a diagnosis of SMI.
Methods:This was a cross-sectional study to determine APN uptake among PLHIV with a documented diagnosis of SMI. We enrolled participants with a diagnosis of both HIV and SMI from August 2018 to January 2022, attending the HIV clinic at Butabika Hospital. We used pretested questionnaires to extract participants’ demographic and clinical data from their existing clinical charts, antiretroviral therapy (ART) registers and APN registers. We defined uptake of APN as the number of HIV clients with SMI diagnosis who agreed to provide information about their sexual partners. We used modified Poisson regression analysis to assess the factors associated with the uptake of APN.
Results: A total of 125 participants were enrolled, of whom 83 (66.4%) were female. The median age (interquartile range (IQR)) was 30 (25-34), and 41 (33%) of them accepted APN (95% CI: 25.05 - 41.61). Receipt of at least three counseling sessions before enrollment in APN (aPR=1.8, 95% CI: 1.72 - 1.98) was the most significant factor associated with increased uptake of APN. Poor adherence to ART (aPR=0.62, 95% CI: 0.54 - 0.80), being escorted to hospital by a distant relative (aPR=0.55, 95% CI: 0.39-0.80), being married/cohabiting (aPR=0.65, 95% CI: 0.60 - 0.81), and being a Seventh Day Adventist (SDA) (aPR=0.53, 95% CI: 0.45-0.71) or Pentecostal (aPR=0.44, 95% CI: 0.22-0.98) by faithwere associated with reduced uptake of APN.
Conclusion. Uptake of APN is low among PLHIV with a diagnosis of SMI. More structured counseling would facilitate earlier identification of undiagnosed HIV-positive partners.
Terminal Synergetic Control for Biological Control of Sugarcane Borer
Authors: Boonyaprapasorn Arsit , Simatrang Sorn , Kuntanapreeda Suwat , Sethaput Thunyaseth 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Sugarcane is an important agricultural commodity in economics that has been harmed by the invasion of sugarcane borer. Establishing a biological pest control strategy for sugarcane using their natural enemies can both protect agricultural products from pest invasion and the environment from chemical toxicity. In this regard, feedback control emerges as a practical and feasible approach to effectively implement the biological control strategy for managing the sugarcane borer. In this work, the terminal synergetic controller was designed to develop the control strategy containing multiple inputs. The controller design was conducted based on the pest-parasitoid model. In the design procedure, the auxiliary system was employed to compensate for the input saturation effects. The control ecosystem stability was conducted through the Lyapunov stability theorem. To confirm the capability and performance of the proposed strategy, the simulation results show that the proposed strategy has the capability to regulate pest population densities at the desired level, akin to the conventional sliding mode control strategy. However, what sets it apart is that the terminal synergetic controller provides the preferable characteristics for controlling the sugarcane borer population which are the finite-time convergence of the control system, and the absence of chattering phenomena in the control inputs.
Fault tolerant aware energy-efficient VM integration in Cloud Computing
Authors: Dixit Manoj Kumar , Kumar Dilip 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Cloud computing has turned the IT industry by providing a service-oriented approach to computing. Users can access cloud computing services through a simple portal, even if they are not familiar with the underlying systems. Cloud computing systems perform many complex and challenging operations in addition to managing a large infrastructure of requests. These complex processes pose a number of challenges for service providers including reliability, security, sustainability, energy consumption, and management of the concern resources. This paper focuses on two of the most important challenges facing cloud computing providers: reliable resource provisioning and energy efficiency. These two challenges are often contradictory, as reliable resources often consume more energy. This paper proposes a new resource management policy that aims to deploy the most reliable and energy-efficient resources and allocate them to the appropriate virtual machines. The paper also proposes a mathematical framework for modelling the relationship between energy consumption and reliability. The proposed resource management policy significantly reduces service disruption or downtime, compared to environments that assume independent failure events. The policy also improves the reliability-to-power consumption ratio by 14%, according to the mathematical model.
Performance evaluation and experimental study of a 0.34 THz folded waveguide sheet beam BWO
Authors: Latif Jibran , Gong Huarong , Wang Zhanliang , Jameel Atif , Wang Shaomeng , Feng Jinjun , Gong Yubin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Terahertz (THz) backward wave oscillators (BWOs) hold immense potential for a wide range of military and industrial applications. This study presents a comparative analysis of 0.34 THz sheet beam (SB) and circular beam (CB) folded waveguide (FWG) BWOs. We examined the design, simulation(CST MWS and PS, HFSS), and performance, revealing that sheet beam BWO outperforms circular beam BWO in terms of interaction impedance, power, efficiency, and bandwidth. Under 20 kV beam voltage and 10 mA beamcurrent conditions, sheet beam BWO achieves 0.43 Ω (0.34 THz) interactionimpedance, 1.3 W output power, and a bandwidth of approximately 12 GHz,surpassing the 0.16 Ω, 0.45 W and 8.5 GHz values of circular beam BWO, respectively.Furthermore, this study encompasses the fabrication and thoroughcharacterization of the sheet beam BWO’s slow wave structure. Experimentalvalidation confirms its effectiveness, with measured S11 demonstrating reflectionbelow -10 dB and S21 exhibiting transmission above -2 dB.
Investigations on hydrogen-assisted cold cracking of laser welded AHSS
Authors: Hopf Anton Sampiero , Jüttner Sven , Goth Klaus , Luttmer Michael 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the impact of various surface conditions prior to welding on the susceptibility of materials to cold cracking, including an analysis of fracture surfaces. Additionally, a novel method is introduced for quantifying the presence of diffusible hydrogen using thermal desorption mass spectroscopy (TDMS). This method allows for the determination of diffusible hydrogen concentration in thin sheet welded joints without use of welding consumables. Three different cold-rolled Advanced High-Strength Steel (AHSS) samples with different surface conditions, such as coatings, lubrication, or water, are examined to assess their susceptibility to cold cracking. In addition to measuring the diffusible hydrogen content in both the base material and the coating, the overall hydrogen content of the base material is also measured using the melt extraction (ME) method. The new method for quantifying diffusible hydrogen in weld metal is applied to investigate different welding variations, intentionally introducing hydrogen through coatings and hydrogenous fluids on the sheet surface. By combining the assessment of cracking susceptibility and hydrogen content, a better understanding of critical hydrogen levels leading to hydrogen-assisted cracking (HAC) is achieved. The results of this study demonstrate that the occurrence of cold cracking in specific AHSS samples increases when either lubrication or both coating and water or lubricant are added. Additionally, the presence of diffusible hydrogen in the welds of all materials is found to increase with the introduction of hydrogenous layers to the material. Although a critical hydrogen content is identified, no clear correlation between the amount of hydrogen and cracking susceptibility can be determined. These findings have significant implications for the welding of cold-formed AHSS, particularly in the automotive industry where safety and lightweight design are of paramount importance.
Molecular genetic diversity in relation to the quantitative and qualitative (fiber quality) traits in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
Authors: Chapara Rani , Reddy K. V. Siva , Rani M. Sudha , Sudhamani K. , Grace A. D.G. Diana , Lakshmi N. Venkata , Sreek B. , Lak B. Sree , Roja V. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

An attempt has been made to assess molecular genetic diversity at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Lam, Guntur using fifty-four tetraploid cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) genotypes with forty-four SSR markers related to various fibre quality traits. A total number of 24 alleles, with an average of 1.75 effective alleles per locus, were generated by these markers. The polymorphism information content (PIC) value ranged from 0.23 to 0.50 with a mean of 0.44 indicating lesser variation for various fibre quality traits within the investigated material. Using principal coordinate analysis (PCOORDA), cotton genotypes were separated by the first three principal coordinates (PC1, PC2, and PC3) accounting for 11.5, 8.6, and 7.2% of the total genetic variance, respectively. The SSR markers revealed a genetic similarity of 63.21 among the varieties studied.
A Distributionally Robust Bilevel Optimal for Low-Carbon Power System Considering Load Uncertainty
Authors: Zhang Chen , Lai ying , Liang Hai 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
With the depletion of fossil energy worldwide, new energy power generation represented by photovoltaic, wind power, etc. is being applied, which introduces a nonnegligible supply and demand balance difficulty to the power grid. Relying solely on the regulating capacity of traditional power plants is insufficient, it is urgent to awake demand-side resources and construct a multi objective optimization model that considers the interests of both supply and demand to achieve flexible interaction between power users. To address this problem, a multi objective distributionally robust bilevel optimization model based on KL divergence is proposed, which optimizes system operation cost, carbon emission and unit profit, while resolving the self-scheduling problem under load and price uncertainties. Additionally, the GARCH model is introduced and applied to the Value at Risk theory, which characterizes the fluctuation aggregation and heteroscedasticity of the daily load change of the load aggregator, so that people can grasp the risk more accurately. Subsequently, a novel approach for bilevel programs based on Wolfe duality is employed to transform the bilevel optimization problem into a single level optimization problem, and the nonlinear multi objective problem is directly solved by GUROBI. Finally, the simulation of the case shows that the equivalent DR model can realize efficient allocation and complementary optimization of flexible resources in the market environment and improve the operation economy and stability of the power system.
The Development of a framework for Clinical Education Programme of Undergraduate Nursing Students in Ghana
Authors: Nachinab Gilbert Ti-enkawol , Armstrong Susan Jennifer 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction: This article describes part of a larger study which culminated in the development of a framework for a clinical education programme for undergraduate nursing students in Ghana. It was developed to respond to the need to improve the quality of clinical nursing education which is crucial for the development of competent nurses.
Methods: A sequential multimethod design approach was used to conduct the study. A scoping review on the practices that facilitate clinical nursing education and situational analysis were first conducted. The lessons learnt from the scoping review and the situational analysis provided the data matrix that was triangulated to develop framework. The framework was developed using the model for clinical education developed by South African Nursing Education Stakeholders in consultation with experts in nursing education. An implementation plan was developed from the framework and evaluated using a Delphi technique.
Findings: The resulting framework indicates the need for effective communication and collaboration between nursing education institution and the service setting to ensure that there is a well-structured clinical placement, formal supervision system and effective clinical assessment of students. The framework also proposes that to ensure quality clinical nursing education there is the need for NEIs to implement innovative and cost-effective clinical teaching methods.
Conclusion: The framework spells out the functions of the various stakeholders in nursing education and how these can be integrated and implemented to enhance quality clinical nursing education. Effectiveness of the thematic areas of the framework will increase the quality of clinical nursing education.