bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initiator‐Activation Strategy‐Enabled Organocatalyzed Reversible‐Deactivation Radical Polymerization Driven by Light
Authors: Zhou Huyan , Zhang Lu , Wen Peng , Zhou Yang , Zhao Yucheng , Zhao Qiaoqiao , Gu Yu , Bai Ruopeng , Chen Mao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOrganocatalyzed reversible‐deactivation radical polymerizations (RDRPs) are attractive for many applications. Here, we developed photoredox‐mediated RDRP by activating (hetero)aryl sulfonyl chloride (ArSO2Cl) initiators with pyridines and designing a novel bis(phenothiazine)arene catalyst. The in situ formed sulfonyl pyridinium intermediates effectively promote controlled chain‐growth from ArSO2Cl, enabling access to various well‐defined polymers with high initiation efficiencies and controlled dispersities under mild conditions. This versatile method allows “ON/OFF” temporal control, chain‐extension, facile synthesis of different polymer brushes via organocatalyzed grafting reactions from linear chains. Time‐resolved fluorescence decay studies and calculations support the reaction mechanism. This work provides a transition‐metal‐free RDRP to tailor polymers with readily available aromatic initiators, and will promote the design of polymerization leveraged from photoredox catalysis.
A Wearable Biosensor for Sweat Lactate as a Proxy for Sport Performance Monitoring
Authors: Xuan Xing , Chen Chen , Pérez‐Ràfols Clara , Swarén Mikael , Wedholm Lars , Cuartero Maria , Crespo Gaston A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInvited for this month′s cover are the collaborating groups of Prof. Cuartero and Prof. Crespo at KTH and UCAM universities with the participation of Dalarna University. The cover picture shows a wearable biosensor for the digitalization of lactate in sweat during sport activity. The biosensor is integrated into a microfluidic system for continue lactate monitoring, producing reliable real‐time profiles. It was found out that real‐time sweat lactate assessment is a potential proxy of personalized training strategies in sports such as cycling.“ More information can be found in the Research Article by Maria Cuartero, Gaston A. Crespo, and co‐workers.
Incentive‐Stacking to Increase Water Use Efficiency
Authors: Tilkian Gary 
Published: May 2023

Key TakeawaysIn 2012, the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California combined its commercial and residential water conservation rebate programs into SoCal Water$mart, still in use today.Member agencies and their retail agency customers can add funding to Metropolitan's base‐level incentives for what are referred to as “stacked incentives.”Metropolitan has processes in place to allow for co‐funding flexibility, ensure rebate accuracy, and maintain agency and consumer satisfaction.
Establishing Levels of Service as the Foundation of Utility Asset Management
Authors: Buchanan Barry , Roth Frank , Sanchez Erin McLachlan , Sánchez Dinorah , Vause Kurt , Yang Andy , Omundsen Craig Paul , Jones Martin , Campanella Kevin V. , Hyer Celine , Himmelberger Heather 
Published: May 2023

Key TakeawaysLevels of service (LoS) are a crucial component of a successful, comprehensive asset management approach.This article sets out a framework for developing LoS, including descriptions of elements, definitions of terms, and the where and why to employ different types of metrics.Stages of asset management centered on developing and supporting LoS are ranked in a maturity scale; the stages help water utilities assess their current levels and next steps.
Predicting Pipe Breaks: Desktop Scoring, Advanced Statistics (LEYP), and Machine Learning
Authors: Raven Annie Vanrenterghem , Campanella Kevin V. 
Published: May 2023

Key TakeawaysUsing desktop scoring to determine the likelihood of failure of water pipes should be phased out and replaced with advanced analytics, particularly machine learning.More accurate break predictions will lead to better estimates of how much to spend on pipe replacement and which pipes to replace.Utilities should integrate information about abandoned pipes and breaks into failure forecasting, including machine learning models.Some data issues can be cost‐efficiently rectified using machine learning and automated algorithms.
Stabilizing the Cathode Interphase of LNMO using an Ionic‐liquid based Electrolyte
Authors: Østli Elise R. , Mathew Alma , Tolchard Julian R. , Brandell Daniel , Svensson Ann Mari , Selbach Sverre M. , Wagner Nils P. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe ionic liquid (IL)‐based electrolyte comprising 1.2 M lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) in N‐propyl‐N‐methylpyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (PYR13FSI) (ILE) has been evaluated as a suitable system for the high‐voltage cathode material LiNi0.5−xMn1.5+xO4 (LNMO) when cycled vs. graphite anodes. The oxidative stability of the ILE was evaluated by linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and synthetic charge‐discharge profile voltammetry (SCPV) and was found to exceed that of state‐of‐the‐art 1 M LiPF6 in 1 : 1 ethylene carbonate (EC) : diethylcarbonate (DEC) (LP40). Improved cycling performance both at 20 °C and 45 °C was found for LNMO||graphite full cells with the IL electrolyte. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis showed that robust and predominantly inorganic surface layers were formed on the LNMO cathode using the ILE, which stabilized the electrode. Although the high viscosity of the ILE limits the rate performance at 20 °C, this ILE is a promising alternative electrolyte for use in lithium‐ion batteries (LiBs) with high‐voltage cathodes such as LNMO, especially for use at elevated temperatures.
Fraternity of old‐timers: How ubiquitin regulates miRNA functions
Authors: Ryazansky Sergei , Akulenko Natalia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractmiRNA‐mediated gene repression and ubiquitin‐dependent processes are among the oldest and most versatile mechanisms that control multiple molecular pathways, rather than just protein turnover. These systems were discovered decades ago and have become among the most studied. All systems within cells are interconnected, and these two are no exception: the plethora of studies have demonstrated that the activity of the miRNAs system depends on players of the ubiquitin‐centered universe of processes, and vice versa. This review focuses on recent progress that highlights that very similar mechanisms of regulation of miRNAs by ubiquitin‐related processes are likely to be found in distantly related species, including animals, plants, and viruses. Most of them occur through the ubiquitination of Argonaute proteins, but some of the other miRNA system factors are also regulated. This suggests that their regulatory relationships are either ancient evolutionary acquisitions or have arisen independently in different kingdoms.
The prediction model of nitrogen nutrition in cotton canopy leaves based on hyperspectral visible‐near infrared band feature fusion
Authors: Li Liang , Li Fei , Liu Aiyu , Wang Xiaoyu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHyperspectral remote sensing technology is becoming increasingly popular in various fields due to its ability to provide detailed information about crop growth and nutritional status. The use of hyperspectral technology to predict SPAD (Soil and Plant Analyzer Development) values during cotton growth and adopt precise fertilization management measures is crucial for achieving high yield and fertilizer efficiency. To detect the nitrogen nutrition in cotton canopy leaves quickly, a non‐destructive nitrogen nutrition retrieval model was proposed based on the spectral fusion features of the cotton canopy. The hyperspectral vegetation index and multifractal features were fused to predict the SPAD value and identify the amount of fertilizer applied at different levels. The random decision forest algorithm was used as the model predictor and classifier. A method was introduced which was widely used in the fields of finance and stocks (MF‐DFA) into the field of agriculture to extract fractal features of cotton spectral reflectance. Comparing the fusion feature with multi‐fractal feature and vegetation index, the results showed that the fusion feature parameters had higher accuracy and better stability than using a single feature or feature combination. The R2 was as high as 0.8363, and the RMSE was 1.8767%. Our intelligent model provides a new idea for detecting nitrogen nutrition in cotton canopy leaves rapidly.
Advanced near‐infrared light approaches for neuroimaging and neuromodulation
Authors: Yin Hongqiang , Jiang Wuqiao , Liu Yongyang , Zhang Dongyang , Wu Feng , Zhang Yejun , Li Chunyan , Chen Guangcun , Wang Qiangbin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAlmost all physiological processes of animals are controlled by the brain, including language, cognitive, memory, learning, emotion and so forth. Minor brain dysfunction usually leads to brain diseases and disorders. Therefore, it' is greatly meaningful and urgent for scientists to have a better understanding of brain structure and function. Optical approaches can provide powerful tools for imaging and modulating physiological processes of the brain. In particular, optical approaches in the near‐infrared (NIR) window (700–1700 nm) exhibit excellent prosperities of deep tissue penetration and low tissue scattering and absorption compared with those of visible windows (400–700 nm), which provides a promising approach for scientists to develop desired methods of neuroimaging and neuromodulation in deep brain tissues. In this review, variable types of NIR light approaches for imaging and modulating neural ions, membrane potential, neurotransmitters, and other critical molecules for brain functions and diseases are summarized. In particular, the latest breakthrough research of brain imaging and brain regulation in the NIR‐II window (1000–1700 nm) are highlighted. Finally, we conclude the challenges and prospects of NIR light‐based neuroimaging and neuromodulation for both basic brain research and further clinical translation.
Extended endoscopic endonasal approach to the chiasmatic cistern: An anatomical study of the arachnoid
Authors: Jinsheng Qiao , Wenlong Tang , Wenchao Liu , Hui Xu , Changrui Su , Qingguo Liu , Long Wang 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTThis paper studied the arachnoid of the chiasmatic cistern (CC) and the methods for increasing the exposure of the CC from an endoscopic perspective. Eight anatomical specimens with vascular injection were used for endoscopic endonasal dissection. The anatomical characteristics of the CC were studied and documented, and anatomical measurements were collected. The CC is an unpaired five‐walled arachnoid cistern located between the optic nerve, optic chiasm, and the diaphragma sellae. The average exposed area of the CC before the anterior intercavernous sinus (AICS) was transected was 66.67 ± 33.76 mm2. After the AICS was transected and the pituitary gland (PG) was mobilized, the average exposed area of the CC was 95.90 ± 45.48 mm2. The CC has five walls and a complex neurovascular structure. It is located in a critical anatomical position. The transection of the AICS and mobilization of the PG or the selective sacrifice of the descending branch of the superior hypophyseal artery can improve the operative field.
A Ukrainian infant with giant coronary aneurysms: A case report and literature review
Authors: Klymyshyn Yuliia , Datsko Oleksii , Stepanovskyy Yuriy , Nagao Yoshiro , Nagayama Yugo , Ueno Satoshi , Sheremet Marta 
Published: May 2023

Key Clinical MessageCOVID may manifest multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS‐C) which mimics Kawasaki disease (KD). Differentiating KD and MIS‐C is difficult. Immunomodulatory treatment should be initiated promptly without accurate diagnosis.AbstractA febrile Ukrainian infant developed giant aneurysms in coronary arteries. Differentiating between Kawasaki disease and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children was difficult. In both illnesses, coronary aneurysm may develop unless treated promptly. Therefore, guidelines should synthesize these clinical entities so that treatment can be initiated before rigorous diagnosis.
Metal‐Free Carbonaceous Catalytic Materials: Biomass Feedstocks for a Greener Future
Authors: Polidoro Daniele , Perosa Alvise , Selva Maurizio , Rodríguez‐Padrón Daily 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMetal‐free catalytic systems (MFCS) have emerged as sustainable and cost‐efficient heterogeneous catalysts, particularly in the case of carbonaceous materials with oxygen, nitrogen, boron, sulfur or phosphorus functionalities. This contribution aims to provide a general overview of the recent advances on the design of such materials, with emphasis on those derived from biomass waste and on the relationship between their structure and their activity. The opportunities of using MFCS in different areas of catalysis, including thermo‐, electro‐, and photo‐catalysis, will be addressed for applications towards the upgrading of renewable feedstocks. This analysis will describe sustainable approaches not only with respect to the nature of catalyst but also for the employment of non‐toxic and sustainable precursors, and for the efficiency of the synthetic protocol and its carbon footprint.
Tandem Hydroformylation‐Aldol Condensation Reaction Enabled by Zn‐MOF‐74
Authors: Gäumann Patrick , Rohrbach Thomas , Artiglia Luca , Ongari Daniele , Smit Berend , van Bokhoven Jeroen A. , Ranocchiari Marco 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe tandem hydroformylation‐aldol condensation (tandem HF‐AC) reaction offers an efficient synthetic route to the synthesis of industrially relevant products. The addition of Zn‐MOF‐74 to the cobalt‐catalyzed hydroformylation of 1‐hexene enables tandem HF‐AC under milder pressure and temperature conditions than the aldox process, where zinc salts are added to cobalt‐catalyzed hydroformylation reactions to promote aldol condensation. The yield of the aldol condensation products increases by up to 17 times compared to that of the homogeneous reaction without MOF and up to 5 times compared to the aldox catalytic system. Both Co2(CO)8 and Zn‐MOF‐74 are required to significantly enhance the activity of the catalytic system. Density functional theory simulations and Fourier‐transform infrared experiments show that heptanal, the product of hydroformylation, adsorbs on the open metal site (OMS) of Zn‐MOF‐74, thereby increasing the electrophilic character of the carbonyl carbon atom and facilitating the condensation.
Bioequivalence Study of Two Formulations of Mifepristone Tablets in Healthy Chinese Subjects Under Fasting Conditions
Authors: Li Mupeng , Yi Xinchu , Fan Lianlian , Yang Luoxi , Xie Shan , Shentu Jianzhong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA single‐dose, open‐label, randomized, two‐period crossover‐design study was conducted to evaluate the bioequivalence of the reference and test formulations of mifepristone tablets. Each subject was randomized at the beginning to receive a 25‐mg tablet of the test or the reference mifepristone under fasting conditions during the first period, then received the alternate formulation during the second period following a 2‐week washout period. A validated high performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC‐MS/MS) method was used to determine the plasma concentrations of mifepristone and its two metabolites (RU42633 and RU42698). Fifty‐two healthy subjects were enrolled in this trial, 50 of whom completed the study. The 90% confidence intervals for the log‐transformed Cmax, AUC0‐t, and AUC0‐∞ fell within the accepted 80%–125% range. Throughout the study period, a total of 58 treatment‐emergent adverse events were reported. No serious adverse event was observed. In conclusion, the test and reference mifepristone were bioequivalent and well tolerated under fasting conditions.
Size Evolution of Photoabsorption Spectra of Small Clusters: A Computational Study
Authors: Ćosić Rajko , Vítek Aleš , Ćosićová Martina , Kalus René 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPhotoabsorption spectra of
clusters, N=5–9, have been calculated using a diatomics‐in‐molecules like electronic structure model and a path‐integral Monte Carlo sampling method. A qualitative change in the calculated spectra has been observed at N=9, which has been interpreted in terms of a structural transformation in the clusters consisting in a transition from trimer‐like ionic cores observed for N≤7 to dimer‐like ionic cores prevailing in
through an intermediate state (comparable abundances of both types of ionic cores) observed in
. The calculated spectra have been thoroughly compared with an earlier calculation on
,
, and
reported from our group and data available for the same cluster sizes from an experiment.
The parents aren't alright, either: Commentary on Wilksch (2023)
Authors: Goldschmidt Andrea B. , Tortolani Christina C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEating disorders (EDs) present high costs to the individual and society, and need for services far surpasses their availability. Caregivers are often on the “front lines” of managing their child's illness yet may have very little support to sustain them in this role. It is well‐established that caregiver burden related to EDs is high, although most research has focused on caregivers of adult patients. Wilksch describes the need for additional attention to caregivers of children and adolescents with EDs, given the elevated psychological, interpersonal, and financial burden incurred on this segment of the population. In this commentary, we describe three major gaps in service delivery and research that may exacerbate caregiver stress: (1) limited exploration of “nontraditional” delivery modalities that could enhance access to care; (2) lack of research into viability of caregiver peer coaching/support models including respite resources; and (3) scarcity of accessible ED training for healthcare providers (particularly physicians) which increases length to receipt of competent care as families search for well‐trained providers and/or languish on waitlists. We propose prioritizing additional research in these areas to help alleviate caregiver burden associated with pediatric EDs, and facilitate delivery of prompt, comprehensive, and competent care to support optimal prognosis.
Effects of subtotal pancreatectomy and long‐term glucose and lipid overload on insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis in minipigs
Authors: Goutchtat Rébecca , Quenon Audrey , Clarisse Manon , Delalleau Nathalie , Coddeville Anaïs , Gobert Mathilde , Gmyr Valéry , Kerr‐Conte Julie , Pattou François , Hubert Thomas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionNowadays, there are no strong diabetic pig models, yet they are required for various types of diabetes research. Using cutting‐edge techniques, we attempted to develop a type 2 diabetic minipig model in this study by combining a partial pancreatectomy (Px) with an energetic overload administered either orally or parenterally.MethodsDifferent groups of minipigs, including Göttingen‐like (GL, n = 17) and Ossabaw (O, n = 4), were developed. Prior to and following each intervention, metabolic assessments were conducted. First, the metabolic responses of the Göttingen‐like (n = 3) and Ossabaw (n = 4) strains to a 2‐month High‐Fat, High‐Sucrose diet (HFHSD) were compared. Then, other groups of GL minipigs were established: with a single Px (n = 10), a Px combined with a 2‐month HFHSD (n = 6), and long‐term intraportal glucose and lipid infusions that were either preceded by a Px (n = 4) or not (n = 4).ResultsAfter the 2‐month HFHSD, there was no discernible change between the GL and O minipigs. The pancreatectomized group in GL minipigs showed a significantly lower Acute Insulin Response (AIR) (18.3 ± 10.0 IU/mL after Px vs. 34.9 ± 13.7 IU/mL before, p < .0005). In both long‐term intraportal infusion groups, an increase in the Insulinogenic (IGI) and Hepatic Insulin Resistance Indexes (HIRI) was found with a decrease in the AIR, especially in the pancreatectomized group (IGI: 4.2 ± 1.9 after vs. 1.5 ± 0.8 before, p < .05; HIRI (×10−5): 12.6 ± 7.9 after vs. 3.8 ± 4.3 before, p < .05; AIR: 24.4 ± 13.7 µIU/mL after vs. 43.9 ± 14.5 µIU/mL before, p < .005). Regardless of the group, there was no fasting hyperglycemia.ConclusionsIn this study, we used pancreatectomy followed by long‐term intraportal glucose and lipid infusions to develop an original minipig model with metabolic syndrome and early signs of glucose intolerance. We reaffirm the pig's usefulness as a preclinical model for the metabolic syndrome but without the fasting hyperglycemia that characterizes diabetes mellitus.
Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in the central nervous system and other nonlymphoid tissues
Authors: Korn Thomas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFoxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells are indispensable for the maintenance of immunologic self‐tolerance as well as for the confinement of autoimmune inflammation after the breach of self‐tolerance. In order to fulfill these tasks, Treg cells operate in secondary lymphoid tissues and nonlymphoid tissues. The conditions for Treg cell stability and for their modes of action are different according to their compartment of residence. In addition, Treg cells initiate residency programs to inhabit niches in nonlympoid tissues (NLT) in steady state and after re‐establishment of previously deflected homeostasis for extended periods of time. These NLT Treg cells are different from lymphoid tissue residing Treg cells and are functionally specialized to subserve not only immune functions but support intrinsic functions of their tissue of residence. This review will highlight current ideas about the functional specialization of NLT Treg cells in particular in the central nervous system (CNS) and discuss challenges that we are facing in an effort to exploit the power of NLT Treg cells for maintenance of tissue homeostasis and perhaps also tissue regeneration.
Determination of nine bioactive phenolic components usually found in apple juice by simultaneous UPLC‐MS/MS
Authors: Li Qiu‐lin , Chen Fu‐xin , Luo Zi‐teng , Wang Meng‐rang , Han Xiang , Zhu Jun‐feng , Li Juan E. , Liu Jing , Li Kan‐she , Gong Pin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe functional food ingredients of apple juice can significantly change during processing, transportation, and storage, thus affecting the quality of the product. A simple and derivation‐free analytical method based on ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS/MS) was developed and optimized for the simultaneous determination of functional food ingredients in apple juice bought in the market. Cleanup steps and chromatographic conditions were optimized to remove interference and decrease the matrix effect. The nine target analytes were separated on an Acquity UPLC system equipped with a BEH C18 column and detected by electrospray ionization source (ESI) operating in positive subsection acquisition mode under multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) conditions. The results showed that p‐hydroxybenzoic acid, protocatechuate, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, phloridzin, hyperoside, procyanidin B2, and rutin could be sufficiently separated for content determination within 6 min. In the concentration range of 20 μg/L–50 mg/L, nine standard samples exhibited a good linear fit with correlation coefficients above .985.