bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Remark on Galois cohomology
Authors: Nikolaev Igor 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We recast the Galois cohomology of the variety V over a number field k in terms of the K-theory of a C*-algebra A_V connected to V. It is proved that V is isomorphic to V' over k (algebraic closure of k, resp.) if and only if A_V is isomorphic (Morita equivalent, resp.) to A_V' In particular, the Morita equivalent C*-algebras A_V parametrize twists of the variety V. The case of rational elliptic curves is considered in detail.
Identifying Sensors-based Parameters Associated with Fall Risk in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: An Investigation and Interpretation of Discriminatory Parameters
Authors: Wang Xuan , Cao Junjie , Zhao Qizheng , Chen Manting , Luo Jiajia , Wang Hailiang , Yu Lisha , Tsui Kwok-Leung , Zhao Yang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Falls pose a severe threat to the health of older adults worldwide. Determining gait and kinematic parameters that are related to an increased risk of falls is essential for developing effective intervention and fall prevention strategies. This study aimed to investigate the discriminatory parameter, which lay an important basis for developing effective clinical screening tools for identifying high-fall-risk older adults.Methods Forty-one individuals aged 65 years and above living in the community participated in this study. The older adults were classified as high-fall-risk and low-fall-risk individuals based on their BBS scores. The participants wore an inertial measurement unit (IMU) while conducting the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. Simultaneously, a depth camera acquired images of the participants' movements during the experiment. After segmenting the data according to subtasks, 142 parameters were extracted from the sensor-based data. A t-test or Mann-Whitney U test was performed on the parameters for distinguishing older adults at high risk of falling. Multiple logistic regression was used to further quantify the role of different parameters in identifying high-fall-risk individuals.Results Fifteen participants were defined as high-fall-risk individuals, while twenty-six were defined as low-fall-risk individuals. 17 parameters were tested for significance with p-values less than 0.05. Multiple logistic regressions were constructed for the parameters with the p-values less than 0.005, including the coefficient of variation of the angular velocity in pitch (CV-Ang-Pitch) during the turn, usage of walking assistance, and the max and coefficient of variation of the angular velocity in yaw (Max-Ang-Yaw, CV-Ang-Yaw) during turn-to-sit. The results showed that the CV-Ang-Pitch during the turn was the parameter with the greatest effect on identifying high-fall-risk individuals.Conclusions High-fall-risk individuals typically exhibited a cautious gait, such as larger step width and shorter step length during walking. Besides, we identified some abnormal gait patterns of high-fall-risk individuals compared to low-fall-risk individuals, such as greater knee angle and a tendency to tilt the pelvis forward during turning. These findings provide insight into the mechanisms underlying the activities of high-fall-risk individuals compared to normal individuals and illustrate the role of sensors in identifying high-fall-risk individuals among community-dwelling older adults. (350 words)
Breast Cancer Original article
Axillary reverse mapping after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in clinically node-positive breast cancer patients
Authors: Noguchi Masakuni , Inokuchi Masafumi , Yokoi-Noguchi Miki , Morioka Emi , Haba Yusuke , Takahashi Tomoko , Shioya Akihiro , Yamada Sousuke 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Axillary reverse mapping (ARM) nodes are involved in a significant proportion of clinically node-positive (cN+) breast cancer patients. However, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is effective at decreasing the incidence of nodal metastases in cN + patients.Patients and methods: One hundred forty-five cN + patients with confirmed nodal involvement on ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology were enrolled in this study: one group underwent axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) without NAC (upfront surgery group) and the other group underwent ALND following NAC (NAC group). The patients underwent 18F-FDG-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG-PET/CT) before surgery, as well as ARM procedure during ALNDResults Involvement of ARM nodes was significantly decreased in the NAC group compared to the upfront surgery group. Notably, involvement was significantly decreased after NAC in non-luminal type tumors as compared to the luminal type. However, there was no significant difference in ARM node involvement after NAC between patients with or without axillary uptake of 18F-FDG, in either type of tumor.Conclusions NAC was significantly associated with a low risk of ARM node metastases in cN + patients with non-luminal type tumors, but 18F-FDG-PET/CT was not suitable to detect residual metastatic disease of the axilla after NAC.
Quantification of harmonic pollution using non-fundamental apparent power
Authors: G Anu , Fernandez Francis M 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

This paper proposes a method to determine harmonic pollution of consumers connected to single-phase low voltage distribution system. Today, the power quality of the system is greatly affected due to the penetration of non-linear loads. As per the IEEE standard 519-2014, both utility and consumers are responsible for reducing the harmonic pollution. This necessitates the quantification of harmonic contribution of individual consumers. The proposed method defines harmonic distortion indices for current and voltage separating consumer harmonic contribution at the point of common coupling (PCC). These indices are used to determine non-fundamental apparent power associated with each consumer connected to the PCC. Simulation results point to the effectiveness of this method in separating the harmonic contribution of consumer and utility. Experimental investigations are also carried out with several linear and non-linear loads comparing the performance of the method with the power definitions mentioned in IEEE standard 1459-2010.
Sulfonated Litchi Exocarp Carbon as Solid Acid Catalyst to Produce Dihydropyrimidinones via Biginelli Reaction
Authors: Hu Qiang , Wu Shang , Zhang Penghui , Fu Shuaishuai , Wang Jiajia , Liu Chaoyang , Zhang Hong , Sun Yuzhi , Yang Quanlu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The sulfonation of a partly carbonized litchi shell with concentrated H2SO4 afforded a carbon solid acid catalyst. Various physicochemical techniques, such as XRD, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and N2 physisorption measurements were used to study the structural properties of the prepared materials. It was an amorphous carbon material composed of aromatic carbon in random orientations. The catalytic behavior of the material was examined in the di-carbonyl compounds and urea with aromatic aldehydes for 3,4-dihydropyridine-2 (1H)-ones (DHPMs) production. Sulfonic acid groups were present on the surface at a density of 0.82 mmol/g, which led to a high DHPMs conversion efficiency of 95 % at SO3H-CL at 80◦C after 3.5 h. More importantly, SO3H-CL has satisfying recyclable features and could maintain an 83 % yield of its initial catalytic activity in the 6th catalytic run.
Alterations in the health literacy of nursing students throughout the nursing education: A 4-year prospective longitudinal study
Authors: Alkaya Sultan Ayaz , Terzi Handan , Çelik Bülent 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Understanding the health literacy level of nursing students at the beginning of the education program, and how it improves throughout the period is important. The aim of the study was to explore alterations in the health literacy and identify the associated factors, of nursing students throughout the nursing education. A prospective-longitudinal study with a four-year follow-up. Overall, 191 nursing students were included in the final analysis. The first follow-up was performed between September-December, 2015. The other three follow-ups were applied 12 months after each participant’s start-date, every year from September to December. Repeated Measures ANOVA, and Linear Mixed Model were used to present the data. There was a significant difference between the health literacy mean scores over time. Health literacy level decreased in the rural area residents, and increased in the students without vision problems and the internet users. This study puts forwards that the health literacy level of the students increased during the education period. Internet use, place of residence, and having a visual problem affected the alterations in health literacy level over time. Appropriate strategies could be developed to increase the level of health literacy during undergraduate nursing education.
Financial vulnerability and financial literacy in Paraguay: the need of a transversal approach of public policy
Authors: Roa María José , Villegas Alejandra 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This paper aimed at studying the main determinants of financial inclusion and financial vulnerability of Paraguayan households. Using a Financial Capabilities Survey in Paraguay we performed a synthetic instrumental variables methodology that indicates that financial literacy is an important determinant of financial inclusion and financial resilience in this country. The results enhance the development of financial education programs that consider personality traits and economic preferences of individuals. The individual characteristics that explain financial inclusion and financial vulnerability in this country are also related to socioeconomic vulnerabilities. Our main conclusion is that the most successful interventions to alleviate financial vulnerability are those that integrate transversally financial inclusion and financial education programs with social programs aimed at reducing labor, education, and economic vulnerabilities in this country.
JEL Classification: G50, G51, G53, G41, J16.
Atherogenicindex of plasma (AIP)as a Novel Biomarker to Predict Retinal Vein Occlusion
Authors: Çelik Ayşenur , Gökce Sabite Emine 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is a relatively new index used to predict the risk of cardiovascular diseases in the general population. Our aim was to investigate association between the development of retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and AIP.Methods A total of 24 patients with RVO and 24 age-sex matched healthy individuals were included in this retrospective study. The demographic characteristics and laboratory findings of the patients and control subjects were obtained from the electronic medical records. AIP was calculated as the logarithmical ratio of molar concentrations of triglycerides (TG) to high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) as [log (TG/HDL-C)]. The association among AIP, lipid metabolism parameters, and RVO was analyzed.Results The median age was 69.5 (range, 48–86 ) in the RVO group and71.5 (range, 50–84) in the control group (p = 812). Although there were no significant differences in terms of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol between two groups (P = 0.458, 0.88), AIP was significantly higher in the RVO group (P < 0.05).Conclusion Elevated AIP values might aid clinicians raise suspicion against a possible RVO attack and take precautions accordingly to prevent complications related to RVO.
Routing Algorithm for Efficient packet transmission in MANET using T –Test Procedure
Authors: s Hemalatha , Pallathadka Harikumar , hewadi Prof Rajesh P Chin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
One of the laborious communication tasks in a mobile ad hoc network is packet transmission. Due to the MANET node's power backup, many routing paths may experience unsuccessful packet delivery. The routing algorithm chooses the path that packets take as they travel from the source node to the destination nodes, but it makes no guarantees regarding packet delivery. In order to determine the most effective path between nodes, this paper proposed a new routing algorithm with the use of the T-test process. This suggested technique determines the best path between nodes for communication in a recursive manner, ensuring that each node participating in the route discovery has enough energy for transmission. The criteria for evaluating the nodes that are chosen and rejected throughout the route discovery process are defined and supported by the T-Test procedure. This technique, together with T-Test, supports effective packet transmission in MANET packet flow. It is also built with the help of network simulation and compared to the current routing protocol, demonstrating that it performs better overall.
Bronze smelting activities during the Zhou dynasty: Analysis of slags from the Xincun and Baidian foundry sites in Central China
Authors: Wang Cong , Gao Zhenlong , Wang Quanyu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

The highly developed metallurgy in Central China during the Zhou dynasty represents an important stage in the development of mining and metallurgical civilisation. The Xincun and Baidian foundry sites are important sites found in Central China, with the main remains of the Wei and Jin states, respectively. Elemental analyses and microstructural examinations of slags from both the sites were conducted in this paper, aiming to reconstruct the technological landscape of bronze alloys and smelting processes at both the sites, and to further explore the differences or/and similarities between the bronze processing activities at the two sites in different historical contexts. The results showed that the co-smelting of tin ore with metallic copper was still used in the alloying process at both the Xincun and Baidian foundry sites. Also, the smelting temperatures at both the sites were relatively high with the addition of calcareous fluxes to the process. In comparison, the Baidian foundry site was found to have a more diverse type of alloying technologies and more advanced metallurgical process than the Xincun foundry site, indicating a more advanced metallurgy in the Jin state than in the Wei state. These findings provide valuable insights into metallurgy in these areas and have important implications for future research in this field.
Chronotype is associated with eating behaviors, physical activity and overweight in school-aged children
Authors: Yang Yong , Li Si-Xuan , Zhang Yan , Wang Fei , Jiang Dan-Jie , Wang Si-Jia , Cao Peng , Gong Qing-Hai 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Chronotype may play an important role in diverse aspects of an individual’s life. Little is known about the association between chronotype, eating habits, physical activity and obesity. Thus, this study aimed to explore the relationships between chronotype, eating behaviors, physical activity, and overweight in Chinese school-aged children.
Methods Data from this study was based on 952 schoolchildren (10-12 y) from six primary schools that participated in China. Anthropometric measurements of height and body weight were performed. Information about sleeping habits, dietary behaviors, and other lifestyle behaviors was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Multiple linear regression analysis or multivariable logistic regression model was performed to assess the associations between chronotype, eating behaviors, physical activity, and overweight.
Results Nearly 70% (69.9%) of the participants had a self-reported morning chronotype. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed chronotype score was positively associated with physical activities (all Pvalues ﹤ 0.001) and sleep duration (all P values ﹤ 0.001) and negatively associated with BMI, meal time, eating jetlag and social jetlag (all P values ﹤ 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that compared to morning types, non-morning types individuals were more likely to be overweight (OR= 1.65, P values ﹤ 0.05), and had more frequent consumption of fast food (OR= 1.63, Pvalues ﹤ 0.05), sugary drinks (OR= 1.32, P values=0.057, marginally significance) and less frequent consumption of milk (OR= 0.73, P values ﹤ 0.05).
Conclusions This study indicates that early chronotype children are more active, have healthier dietary habits, get more sleep, have shorter social jet lag, and are less likely to be overweight than non-early chronotype.
Nonstandard approach to fixed point of dual orbits asymptotic contraction
Authors: Shi Jie 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the dual orbits asymptotic contraction is given. The local iterative fixed point problem of the new dual orbits asymptotic contraction is considered by nonstandard analysis methods. We have conducted further research based on the relevant achievements of some scholars. We obtained the results of the corresponding iterative sequence converging to the local iterative fixed point of the asymptotic contraction T without the continuity.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010). Primary 47H10,54H25; Secondary 03H05,54J05.
Herbicide MCPA regulates photosynthesis by repressing gene expression in a cyanobacterium Nostoc muscorum MEG 1: A molecular interaction study
Authors: Sachu Meguovilie , Ganguly Rik , Bhathacharjee Atanu , Syiem Mayashree B. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

The goal of this study was to determine how the herbicide MCPA interacts/binds to two vital proteins of the electron transport system of PS II and photosynthesis in the cyanobacterium Nostoc muscorum Meg 1, as well as how the MCPA affects and regulates the photosynthetic activity of the organism at the molecular level by examining the gene expression of some key proteins involved in the electron transport chain and carbohydrate production in the Calvin cycle. A molecular docking study revealed that MCPA forms hydrogen bonding with amino acid residues in both the proteins (RuBisCO and D1 protein). TEM study revealed that at 20 ppm MCPA exposure, no significant changes in cellular structure were observed. However, increasing concentrations of MCPA (40 and 80 ppm) caused damage to the cyanobacterium's ultrastructure. Seven days’ exposure to herbicide MCPA (20, 40, and 80 ppm) affects the photo-pigment contents, though at 20 and 40 ppm there was a slight increase in the concentration of carotenoid. It also negatively affects the water-splitting activity, PSII, RuBisCO content, and carbohydrate concentration, resulting in decreased organism biomass. The RT-PCR analysis of D1 protein and RuBisCO mRNA levels revealed a significant decrease in content due to herbicide MCPA exposure. Our finding indicates that up to 20 ppm exposure, the herbicide MCPA does not affect the organism dilapidated in all the parameters studied. However, above that dose (40 and 80 ppm), all the parameters studied experienced a substantial negative effect which may lead to the membrane distortion, cellular deterioration, and apoptosis of the cells as seen under the TEM.
Managing forests for resilience under increasing aridity: the case of Iberian dry-edge pine forests
Authors: Zavala Miguel A. , Angulo Oscar , Parra Rafael Bravo de la , Moreno-Fernández Daniel , Madrigal-González Jaime 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Context. Mediterranean dry-edge pine forests maintain key ecosystem functions and supply services but are jeopardized by climate change. In the past, forest management has successfully balanced these demands but resilience under increasing aridity remains uncertain. Objectives. To assess landscape forest resilience under increasing aridity and three policy-management scenarios implying tradeoffs in ecosystem services supply: i) “business as usual”, based on the current harvesting regime; ii) "conservation", aiming to preserve forest stock; and iii) "productivity" oriented to yield maintenance. Methods. The study site is part of a large-homogeneous pine-covered landscape covering sandy flatlands in Central Spain. We parameterized and tested an analytical size-structured forest dynamics model with last century historical management records. Results. Management regimes shaped forest landscape structure: conservation-oriented management resulted in more developed forests with larger trees and a heterogeneous landscape structure, while yield-oriented management resulted in smaller, structurally more homogeneous forests. Under “business as usual scenario", both forest stock and yield decreased with aridity, indicating that current management is not sustainable in the long term. Forest stock preservation required an increase in tree harvestable size and a reduction of wood extraction. Yield maintenance required a drastic decrease of tree harvestable size and an increase in harvest rates, but it was unsustainable at high aridity levels. Conclusions. Forest and landscape structure play a key role in reducing dry-edge forest vulnerability in response to increasing aridity. Adaptive management can play a key role in preventing the forests from crossing a tipping point over a degraded alternate state and ensuring long-term ecosystem service supply.
The absence of mammillary body lesions for early differentiation of biotin-thiamine-responsive basal ganglia disease from Wernicke’s encephalopathy
Authors: Alsini Hanin , Hommady Raid , Alsafh Rawan , Asmat Zeeshan , Hakami Wejdan , Alfadhel Majid , Tabarki Brahim 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose Primary and secondary conditions that cause thiamine deficiency can result in similar symptoms in children, including acute episodes of encephalopathy and bilateral symmetrical brain lesions. In this study, we investigated the role of mammillary body (MB) involvement in SLC19A3-BTBGD patients and the differentiation between BTBGD and Wernicke's encephalopathy based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings.Methods We conducted a retrospective study of 90 patients with genetically confirmed BTBGD. Two certified neuroradiologists independently reviewed the brain MRI scans, focusing on the involvement or sparing of specific regions such as the mesencephalon, cerebellum, caudate nuclei, globus pallidi, putamina, thalami, cortical and subcortical regions, MBs, and deep white matter.Results Clinically, all patients developed acute/subacute encephalopathy triggered by nonspecific febrile illnesses or mild trauma. MRI scans showed bilateral caudate lesions, putamen lesions, cortical-subcortical areas of the cerebral hemispheres, ventromedial region of the thalamus, cerebellar lesions, brainstem lesions, periaqueductal region, spinal cord lesions, and lesions in the globus pallidus. However, none of the patients had any mammillary lesions.Conclusion We found no MB involvement in 90 patients with BTBGD caused by the same homozygous variant of SLC19A3. Differentiating between BTBGD and Wernicke's encephalopathy based on MRI findings is critical for clinical decisions about treatment, prognosis, and genetic counselling. This study provides a crucial point in ruling out Wernicke's encephalopathy, especially in adults, and favouring BTBGD before the results of genetic testing are available. MRI is of utmost importance in the diagnosis and differentiation of these conditions.