bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amazonian dark earths enhance the establishment of tree species in forest ecological restoration
Authors: Freitas Anderson Santos de , Zagatto Luís Felipe Guandalin , Rocha Gabriel Silvestre , Muchalak Franciele , Silva Solange dos Santos , Muniz Aleksander Westphal , Hanada Rogério Eiji , Tsai Siu Mui 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionDeforestation of areas for agriculture and cattle breeding is the leading cause of ecological degradation and loss of biodiversity. The solution to mitigate these damages relies on techniques that improve soil health and the microbial quality of these degraded areas. Here, we demonstrate that the high nutrient and microbiological contents of Amazonian Dark Earths (ADE) can promote the development of trees used in ecological restoration projects.MethodsWe used degraded soil from crops as control and ADE from the Central Amazon to conduct the experiment, using 20% of ADE as inoculum in degraded agricultural soil. Our goal was to assess whether a small amount of ADE could promote changes that improve plant development similar to its growth under a 100%ADE. We simulated conversion from pasture to forest restoration area by plantingU. brizanthain all pots. After 60 days, we removed it and plantedCecropia pachystachya,Peltophorum dubium, andCedrela fissilis.ResultsOur results demonstrated that both 20%ADE and 100%ADE treatments increased pasture productivity and, consequently, soil carbon stock. Also, in these treatments,P. dubiumandC. fissilishad better growth and development, with 20%ADE plants showing a performance similar to those planted in 100%ADE. Both 20%ADE and 100%ADE showed similar numbers of taxa, being significantly higher than in the control soil.DiscussionThe 20%ADE was sufficient to increase significantly the microbial richness in the soil, providing several beneficial microorganisms to all tree species such asPedomicrobium,Candidatus Nitrososphaera, and members of Paenebacillaceae. Nevertheless,C. pachystachya, a common pioneer tree in the Amazonian Forest showed a small response even to 100%ADE with a corresponding lower taxa number than the other two species. In conclusion, we point out that microbial structure remains very similar among plants but dissimilar among treatments, highlighting the role of ADE as an enhancer of plant development and beneficial microbiota enrichment in the rhizosphere. The use of 20%ADE was sufficient to alter the microbial community. Therefore, we believe our data could contribute to speeding up forest restoration programs by adopting new biotechnological approaches for forest restoration ecology.
Endometrioid adenocarcinoma arising from adenomyosis: two case reports and a literature review
Authors: Yang Jiaying , Wang Qiuying , Han Xiuchen , Liu Qian 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundEndometrioid adenocarcinoma is usually diagnosed by endometrial curettage with a positive rate of 94%, while a hysteroscopic examination can increase the positive rate. Differently, endometrioid adenocarcinoma arising from adenomyosis (EAAFA) is always misdiagnosed, even after endometrial curettage or hysteroscopy. EAAFA is rarely reported.Case descriptionWe reported two cases of EAAFA with long-term follow-ups of 9–10 years. The two cases were misdiagnosed even if endometrial curettage or hysteroscopy was performed. One case complained of postmenopausal vaginal bleeding with elevated CA199, and she was diagnosed by fast-frozen pathology during hysterectomy, followed by bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy. In another case, a premenopausal woman with acquired progressive dysmenorrhea was diagnosed as EAAFA by the histopathological result after a transvaginal hysterectomy and had to undergo reoperation. The FIGO stage was IB in both cases. Chemotherapy or radiotherapy was performed after the operation. Patients were followed up for 9–10 years, with no metastasis or recurrence being observed.ConclusionThe diagnosis of EAAFA is always delayed because of tumor-free eutopic endometrium and negative results of the endometrial curettage or hysteroscopy examination. Fast-frozen pathology of the whole uterus helps diagnose EAAFA precisely and avoids reoperation. Adenocarcinoma foci of EAAFA usually involve the myometrium deeply. A better prognosis of EAAFA should be expected due to good differentiation and negative lymphovascular space invasion.
Effect of modified clivoaxial angle on surgical decision making and treatment outcomes in patients with Chiari malformation type 1
Authors: Akyuz Mehmet Emin , Karadag Mehmet Kürşat , Sahin Mehmet Hakan 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionChiari malformation type 1 (CM1), a complex pathological developmental disorder of the craniovertebral junction, is typically characterized by herniation of the cerebellar tonsils from the foramen magnum. Treatment using posterior fossa decompression alone without taking the ventral cervico-medullary compression into consideration may lead to unsatisfactory treatment outcomes. The current study evaluated the utility of the modified clivoaxial angle (MCAA) in assessing ventral compression and also examined its effect on treatment outcomes.MethodThis retrospective study included 215 adult patients who underwent surgical treatment for CM1 at one medical center over a 10-year period. The following surgical techniques were used to decompress the posterior fossa: (a) PFD: bone removal only; (b) PFDwD: bone removal with duraplasty; and (c) CTR: cerebellar tonsil resection. The morphometric measurements of the craniovertebral junction (including MCAA) were recorded using preoperative images, and the postoperative clinical status was evaluated using the Chicago Chiari outcome scale (CCOS).ResultsMCAA was positively correlated with the CCOS score and also independently predicted treatment outcome. To enable Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of CCOS scores, the patients were divided into three groups based on the MCAA cut-off values, as follows: (a) severe (n = 43): MCAA ≤ 126; (b) moderate (n = 86): 126 &lt; MCAA ≤ 138; and (c) mild (n = 86): MCAA &gt; 138. Group a exhibited severe ventral cervico-medullary compression (VCMC), and their CCOS scores for the PFD, PFDwD, and CTR groups were 11.01 ± 1.2, 11.24 ± 1.3, and 13.01 ± 1.2, respectively (p &lt; 0.05). The CCOS scores increased with widening of the MCAA angle in all surgical groups (p &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, patients with mild MCAA (&gt;138°) exhibited 78% regression of syringomyelia, and this was significantly greater than that observed in the other groups.DiscussionMCAA can be used in the selection of appropriate surgical techniques and prediction of treatment outcomes, highlighting the importance of preoperative evaluation of ventral clivoaxial compression in patients with CM1.
Case report: Laparoscopic treatment of gastro-omental hemangioma with hemorrhage: two cases reports and review of literature
Authors: Yin Long-Kuan , Liu Jian-Jun , Feng Yi-Guo , Yuan Hua-Yan , Wang Wei , Bai Xiang-Yu , Wang Pan 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundSpontaneous hemorrhage of gastro-omental hemangioma is a rare disease. The treatment strategy for this disease changes as it develops. In the acute stage, surgery is the first priority, among which laparoscopic treatment should be the most frequently considered option in large general hospitals. Due to the rarity of this disease, such cases have rarely been reported.Case descriptionWe present the first report of two eldely cases with gastro-omental hemangioma with hemorrhage by laparoscopic treatment. Both cases were initially admitted with upper abdominal pain, and abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan revealed masses alongside the greater curvature of the stomach. Laparoscopic surgery was conducted immediately in both patients. The two cases recovered well after surgery, and no obvious abnormalities were observed in the follow-up period.ConclusionGastro-omental hemangioma rupture remains an uncommon cause of intraperitoneal hemorrhage. Timely diagnosis and surgery are paramount for treatment. Medical institutions with the correct technology and equipment should perform laparoscopic treatment to minimize surgical trauma and promote rapid recovery of patients with abdominal apoplexy.
Structural renovation of the Secondary standard of the electric power unit for the industrial frequency range
Authors: Shevkun Serhii , Dobroliubova Maryna , Statsenko Oleksii 
Published: May 2023

The article reveals ways for structural renovation of the composition of the Secondary standard of the electrical power unit for the industrial frequency range with the aim of restoring the technical resource of its constituent parts, improving metrological characteristics in terms of increasing output power, as well as increasing productivity and reducing the cost of work due to their automation.
Based on the results of the metrological characteristics’ analysis of electrical energy and power measuring equipment modern nomenclature and the existing standard base, it is proposed to make a structural renovation of the standard by including additional equipment to its composition, namely: the precision three-phase standard electricity meter compatible with the high-precision three-phase power source. The structural scheme of the renovation standard has been developed.
The renovation of the standard allows turning the standard into a single hardware and software complex that provides calibration and testing of wide nomenclature of electric power and electric energy meters in the full range of values in high-performance automated mode.
Healthcare utilisation and mortality in people with osteoarthritis in the UK: findings from a national primary care database
Authors: Swain Subhashisa , Coupland Carol , Sarmanova Aliya , Kuo Chang Fu , Mallen Christian , Doherty Michael , Zhang Weiya 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThe burden of osteoarthritis (OA) in UK primary care has not been investigated thoroughly.AimTo estimate healthcare use and mortality in people with OA (overall and joint specific).Design and settingA matched cohort study of adults with an incident diagnosis of OA in primary care were selected for the study using UK national Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) electronic records.MethodHealthcare utilisation was measured as the annual average number of primary care consultations and admissions to hospital after the index date for any cause and all-cause mortality data in 221 807 people with OA and an equal number of controls (with no OA diagnosis) who were matched to the case patients by age (standard deviation 2 years), sex, practice, and year of registration. The associations between OA and healthcare utilisation and all-cause mortality were estimated using multinomial logistic regression and Cox regression, respectively, adjusting for covariates.ResultsThe mean age of the study population was 61 years and 58% were female. In the OA group, the median number of primary care consultations per year after the index date was 10.91 compared with 9.43 in the non-OA control group (P= 0.001) OA was associated with an increased risk of GP consultation and admission to hospital. The adjusted hazard ratio for all-cause mortality was 1.89 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.85 to 1.93) for any OA, 2.09 (95% CI = 2.01 to 2.19) for knee OA, 2.08 (95% CI = 1.95 to 2.21) for hip OA, and 1.80 (95% CI = 1.58 to 2.06) for wrist/hand OA, compared with the respective non-OA control group.ConclusionPeople with OA had increased rates of GP consultations, admissions to hospital, and all-cause mortality that varied across joint sites.
Progression of stroke risk in patients aged <65 years diagnosed with atrial fibrillation: a cohort study in general practice
Authors: Mendonça Silvia C , Edwards Duncan A , Lund Jenny , Saunders Catherine L , Mant Jonathan 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundAs a result of new technologies, atrial fibrillation (AF) is more likely to be diagnosed in people aged <65 years.AimTo investigate the risk of someone diagnosed with AF aged <65 years developing an indication for anticoagulation before they reach 65 years.Design and settingPopulation-based cohort study of patients from English practices using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, a primary care database of electronic medical records.MethodThe study included patients aged <65 years newly diagnosed with AF. The CHA2DS2-VASc score was derived at time of diagnosis based on patients’ medical records. Patients not eligible for anticoagulation were followed up until they became eligible or turned 65 years old. The primary outcome of interest was development of a risk factor for stroke in AF.ResultsAmong 18 178 patients aged <65 years diagnosed with AF, 9188 (50.5%) were eligible for anticoagulation at the time of diagnosis. Among the 8990 patients not eligible for anticoagulation, 1688 (18.8%) developed a risk factor during follow-up before reaching 65 years of age or leaving the cohort for other reasons, at a rate of 6.1 per 100 patient-years. Hypertension and heart failure were the most common risk factors to occur, with rates of 2.65 (95% CI = 2.47 to 2.84) and 1.58 (95% CI = 1.45 to 1.72) per 100 patient-years, respectively. The rate of new diabetes was 0.95 (95% CI = 0.85 to 1.06) per 100 patient-years.ConclusionPeople aged <65 years with AF are at higher risk of developing hypertension, heart failure, and diabetes than the general population, so may warrant regular review to identify new occurrence of such risk factors.
Management of asthma in primary care in the changing context of the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative longitudinal study with patients
Authors: Santillo Marta , Tonkin-Crine Sarah , Wang Kay , Butler Christopher C , Wanat Marta 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic dramatically affected asthma monitoring in primary care, but exploration of patients’ views and their experiences of managing their asthma and seeking help from primary care during the pandemic has been limited.AimTo investigate patients’ experiences of asthma management in the community during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design and settingA qualitative longitudinal study using semi-structured interviews with patients from four GP practices across diverse regions including Thames Valley, Greater Manchester, Yorkshire, and North West Coast.MethodInterviews were undertaken with patients with asthma, who were usually managed in primary care. The interviews were audiorecorded, transcribed, and analysed using inductive temporal thematic analysis and a trajectory approach.ResultsForty-six interviews were conducted with 18 patients over an 8-month period that covered contrasting stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients felt less vulnerable as the pandemic subsided, but the process of making sense of risk was dynamic and influenced by multiple factors. Patients relied on self-management strategies, but felt that routine asthma reviews should still have been conducted during the pandemic and highlighted that they had limited opportunities to discuss their asthma with health professionals. Patients with well-controlled symptoms felt that remote reviews were largely satisfactory, but still thought face-to-face reviews were necessary for certain aspects, such as physical examination and patient-led discussions of sensitive or broader issues associated with asthma, including mental health.ConclusionThe dynamic nature of patients’ perception of risk throughout the pandemic highlighted the need for greater clarity regarding personal risk. Having an opportunity to discuss their asthma is important to patients, even when access to face-to-face consultations in primary care is more restricted than usual.
Implementation and impact of a social prescribing intervention: an ethnographic exploration
Authors: Pollard Tessa , Gibson Kate , Griffith Bethan , Jeffries Jayne , Moffatt Suzanne 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundSocial prescribing involves referral of patients from primary care to link workers, who work with them to access appropriate local voluntary and community sector services.AimTo explore how a social prescribing intervention was delivered by link workers and the experiences of those referred to the intervention.Design and settingThe study used ethnographic methods to conduct a process evaluation of a social prescribing intervention delivered to support those living with long-term conditions in an economically deprived urban area of the North of England.MethodParticipant observation, shadowing, interviews, and focus groups were used to examine the experiences and practices of 20 link workers and 19 clients over a period of 19 months.ResultsSocial prescribing provided significant help for some people living with long-term health conditions. However, link workers experienced challenges in embedding social prescribing in an established primary care and voluntary sector landscape. The organisations providing social prescribing drew on broader social discourses emphasising personal responsibility for health, which encouraged a drift towards an approach that emphasised empowerment for lifestyle change more than intensive support. Pressures to complete assessments, required for funding, also encouraged a drift to this lighter-touch approach. A focus on individual responsibility was helpful for some clients but had limited capacity to improve the circumstances or health of those living in the most disadvantaged circumstances.ConclusionCareful consideration of how social prescribing is implemented within primary care is required if it is to provide the support needed by those living in disadvantaged circumstances.
Maximising Social Media Platforms to Enhance Sexuality Education in Rural Schools
Authors: Adekola Ayobami Precious 
Published: May 2023

Sexuality education is central to the South African government's strategy to promote adolescents' sexual and reproductive health, reduce student pregnancy, and prevent sexually transmitted infections, including HIV. The school-based sexuality education program aims to reduce young people’s vulnerability, enhance their decision-making skills, and improve their self-efficacy. The rising incidence of sexually transmitted infections and student pregnancy in some rural schools in King Cetshwayo district may indicate that their sexuality education programs are ineffective as a result of multiple contextual factors. In light of this, the author conducted a study that explored students' lived experiences with the sexuality education programs available in their schools. This phenomenological study was conducted in 2020. Nine schools were chosen, and 84 purposively sampled secondary school students participated in focus group interviews. The collected data were analysed using an interpretative phenomenological analysis framework. Study findings revealed that social media platforms could be utilised to improve the effectiveness of school-based sexuality education in the research setting. The study identified untapped opportunities to spread sexuality education messages to all stakeholders, including students, teachers, parents, and various community actors. Furthermore, the findings showed that using social media platforms could increase the spread and accessibility of sexuality education messages outside of the four walls of classrooms. In addition, it emerged that social media could be used to create platforms for confidential, private, and non-judgemental engagements on sensitive aspects of sexuality education. Based on the findings of the study, the author recommends that policymakers initiate and implement policies that will integrate the use of multiple social media platforms to advance the messages of sexuality education to all stakeholders. In addition, such platforms could be used for capacity building and support for both teachers and students, as well as a medium for multi-stakeholder engagement.
Literary communities in social media: the influence of motivations on engagement and purchase intention in women
Authors: Santos Sara , Fernandes Ana , Espírito Santo Pedro 
Published: May 2023

A decreasing trend in young people's recreational reading habits has been observed worldwide. On the other hand, young people's daily use of social media has increased dramatically in recent years. With this evolution, different literary communities and influencers also emerged on social media.
It is necessary to understand the motivations that lead users to engage in social media to maintain an active and involved community. Researchers have already discussed a core set of motivations to participate in online communities. However, most studies focus on brand communities, and few analyze literary communities' specific cases.
There are various motivations for participating in communities. However, we highlight the social motivations (meeting people, being part of the community, sharing information, listening to other opinions) and hedonic ones (because participating in them is a pleasant, fun, enjoyable activity).
Engagement in social media can be measured through a passive attitude of lurkers who only see published content or an active attitude when users comment and publish content on social media, generating discussion and interaction in the community.
On the other hand, some studies in other areas show that intention and propensity to purchase can be affected by many factors, such as social and hedonic motivations. Could also these motivations influence intention to purchase books?
This study aims to study the influence of hedonic and social motivations to participate in literary communities on social media engagement and book purchase intention. A quantitative methodology was used, with a sample of N= 272 female participants in literary communities on social media. The data was analyzed through the modeling of structural equations by the AMOS software. Results show that social motivations are positively related to the level of engagement in literary communities on social media. Additionally, this study revealed that hedonic motivations influence book purchase intention.