bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
miR‐124‐3p improves mitochondrial function of renal tubular epithelial cells in db/db mice
Authors: Liang Luqun , Wo Chunxin , Yuan Yao , Cao Hongjuan , Tan Wanlin , Zhou Xingcheng , Wang Dan , Chen Rongyu , Shi Mingjun , Zhang Fan , Xiao Ying , Liu Lingling , Zhou Yuxia , Zhang Tian , Wang Yuanyuan , Guo Bing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDiabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most serious complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) and the main cause of end‐stage renal failure. However, the pathogenesis of DKD is complicated. In this study, we found that miR‐124‐3p plays a key role in regulating renal mitochondrial function and explored its possible mechanism in DKD progression by performing a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments. Decreased expression of miR‐124‐3p was found in db/db mice compared to db/m mice. Moreover, miR‐124‐3p down‐regulated FOXQ1 by targeting FOXQ1 mRNA 3′‐UTR in NRK‐52E cells. Also, an increase in FOXQ1 and down‐regulation of Sirt4 were found in db/db mouse kidney and renal tubular epithelial cells cultured with high glucose and high lipid. Overexpression of FOXQ1 could further down‐regulate the expression of Sirt4 and aggravate the damage of mitochondria. Conversely, the knockdown of the FOXQ1 gene induced Sirt4 expression and partially restored mitochondrial function. To verify the effects of miR‐124‐3p on Sirt4 and mitochondria, we found that miR‐124‐3p mimics could up‐regulate Sirt4 and inhibit ROS production and MitoSOX, thus restoring the number and morphology of mitochondria. These results showed that under high‐glucose and high‐lipid conditions, the down‐regulation of miR‐124‐3p induces FOXQ1 in renal tubular epithelial cells, which in turn suppresses Sirt4 and leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, promoting the development of DKD.
MetBil as a novel molecular regulator in ischemia‐induced cardiac fibrosis via METTL3‐mediated m6A modification
Authors: Zhuang Yuting , Li Tingting , Hu Xiaoxi , Xie Yilin , Pei Xinyu , Wang Chaoqun , Li Yuyang , Liu Junwu , Tian Zhongrui , Zhang Xiaowen , Peng Lili , Meng Bo , Wu Hao , Yuan Wei , Pan Zhenwei , Lu Yanjie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCardiac fibrosis is a common pathological manifestation in multiple cardiovascular diseases and often results in myocardial stiffness and cardiac dysfunctions. LncRNA (long noncoding RNA) participates in a number of pathophysiological processes. However, its role in cardiac fibrosis remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role and molecular mechanism of MetBil in regulating cardiac fibrosis. Our data showed that METTL3 binding lncRNA (MetBil) was significantly increased both in fibrotic tissue following myocardial infarction (MI) in mice and in cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) exposed to TGF‐β1 (20 ng/mL) or 20% FBS. Overexpression of MetBil augmented collagen deposition, CF proliferation and activation while silencing MetBil exhibited the opposite effects. Importantly, heterozygous knockout of MetBil alleviated cardiac fibrosis and improved cardiac function after MI. RNA pull‐down and RNA‐binding protein immunoprecipitation assay showed that METTL3 is a direct downstream target of MetBil; consistently, MetBil and METTL3 were co‐localized in both the nucleus and cytoplasm of CFs. Interestingly, MetBil regulated METTL3 expression at protein level, but not mRNA level, in ubiquitin–proteasome pathway. Enforced expression of METTL3 canceled the antifibrotic effects of silencing MetBil reflected by increased collagen production, CF proliferation and activation. Most notably, the m6A‐modified fibrosis‐regulated genes mediated by METTL3 are profoundly involved in the regulation of MetBil in the cardiac fibrosis following MI. Our study reveals that MetBil as a novel regulator of fibrosis promotes cardiac fibrosis via interacting with METTL3 and regulating the expression of the methylated fibrosis‐associated genes, providing a new intervening target for fibrosis‐associated cardiac diseases.
CE: Tumor Lysis Syndrome: An Oncologic Emergency
Authors: Rivera-Gamma Stephanie , Davis Mary Elizabeth 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT:
Tumor lysis syndrome is an oncologic emergency caused by the release of intracellular material, such as potassium, phosphate, and nucleic acids, into the bloodstream from the disintegration (lysis) of tumor cells. This condition, which is characterized by electrolyte imbalances, can be life-threatening, causing arrhythmias, seizures, acute kidney injury, and multiple organ failure. The prevention and treatment of tumor lysis syndrome requires immediate recognition of patients at risk for its development. With this knowledge, nurses can better manage and monitor treatments, thereby preventing complications and achieving better patient outcomes.
Novel occupational causes of hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Authors: Walters Gareth I. , Huntley Christopher C. 
Published: February 2023

Purpose of review
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) remains a challenging diagnosis, and a cause is not established in up to 50% of cases. This paper aims to update clinicians on traditional and novel occupational causes of HP, and clinical tools for identifying of causative exposures and antigens.

Recent findings
Metalworking fluid has become the most frequently cited occupational cause of HP, though geographical variations in exposures exist. Occupational HP is usually associated with work-related symptoms. Systematically derived questionnaires and compendia for HP have been developed for use in cryptogenic disease, though have previously lacked validation; these may help identify inciting antigens or relevant occupational exposures.

Summary
Clinicians should enquire about job roles and work-relatedness of symptoms when considering a diagnosis of HP. Outbreaks of metalworking fluid associated HP from around the world are well described, so clinicians should remain vigilant. The usual classification for causative antigen includes animal and plant proteins, fungi, bacteria, low-molecular weight chemicals and metals; however novel occupational exposures and work processes are frequently reported.
Association Between Preexisting Mental Health Disorders and Adverse Outcomes in Adult Intensive Care Patients: A Data Linkage Study
Authors: Pilowsky Julia K. , Elliott Rosalind , Roche Michael A. 
Published: February 2023

OBJECTIVES:
Mental illness is known to adversely affect the physical health of patients in primary and acute care settings; however, its impact on critically ill patients is less well studied. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, characteristics, and outcomes of patients admitted to the ICU with a preexisting mental health disorder.

DESIGN:
A multicenter, retrospective cohort study using linked data from electronic ICU clinical progress notes and the Australia and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Adult Patient Database.

SETTING/PATIENTS:
All patients admitted to eight Australian adult ICUs in the calendar year 2019. Readmissions within the same hospitalization were excluded.

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Natural language processing techniques were used to classify preexisting mental health disorders in participants based on clinician documentation in electronic ICU clinical progress notes. Sixteen thousand two hundred twenty-eight patients (58% male) were included in the study, of which 5,044 (31.1%) had a documented preexisting mental health disorder. Affective disorders were the most common subtype occurring in 2,633 patients (16.2%), followed by anxiety disorders, occurring in 1,611 patients (9.9%). Mixed-effects regression modeling found patients with a preexisting mental health disorder stayed in ICU 13% longer than other patients (β-coefficient, 0.12; 95% CI, 0.10–0.15) and were more likely to experience invasive ventilation (odds ratio, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.30–1.56). Severity of illness and ICU mortality rates were similar in both groups.

CONCLUSIONS:
Patients with preexisting mental health disorders form a significant subgroup within the ICU. The presence of a preexisting mental health disorder is associated with greater ICU length of stay and higher rates of invasive ventilation, suggesting these patients may have a different clinical trajectory to patients with no mental health history. Further research is needed to better understand the reasons for these adverse outcomes and to develop interventions to better support these patients during and after ICU admission.
Effectiveness and safety of Shexiang Baoxin Pill (MUSKARDIA) in patients with stable coronary artery disease and concomitant diabetes mellitus: a subgroup analysis of a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Zhou Jingmin , Shi Haiming , Ji Fusui , Wu Yang , Zhao Yulan , Qian Jun , Ge Junbo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background:
Preliminary studies have indicated that Shexiang Baoxin Pill (MUSKARDIA) has a coronary artery dilation effect and increases the coronary blood flow, relieving the symptoms of angina. To evaluate the benefit of MUSKARDIA on patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) and diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods:
This was a subgroup analysis of a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled phase IV trial. CAD patients with a medical history of DM or baseline fasting blood glucose (FBG) ≥7.0 mmol/L were grouped according to the treatment (standard therapy plus MUSKARDIA or placebo). The primary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), which was the composite outcome of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and non-fatal stroke. The secondary outcome was the composite outcome of all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina or heart failure, and coronary angioplasty.

Results:
MACEs occurred in 2.6% (9/340) and 4.8% (18/376) of patients in the MUSKARDIA and placebo groups, respectively (P = 0.192). Secondary composite outcome was significantly less frequent with MUSKARDIA than with placebo (15.3% [52/340] vs. 22.6% [85/376], P = 0.017). Risk of MACE (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.69, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.31–1.57) was comparable between two groups. In patients with uncontrolled DM (≥4 measurements of FBG ≥7 mmol/L in five times of follow-up), the risk of secondary outcome was significantly lower with MUSKARDIA (5/83, 6.0%) than with placebo (15/91, 16.5%) (HR = 0.35, 95%CI: 0.13–0.95).

Conclusion:
As an add-on to standard therapy, MUSKARDIA shows a trend of reduced MACEs in patients with stable CAD and DM. Furthermore, MUSKARDIA may reduce the frequency of all-cause death, hospitalization, and coronary angioplasty in this population, especially in those with uncontrolled DM.

Trial Registration:
ChiCTR.org.cn, ChiCTR-TRC-12003513
Growth Trajectories in Stimulant-Treated Children Ages 6 to 12: An Electronic Medical Record Analysis
Authors: Biederman Joseph , DiSalvo Maura , Green Allison , Hutt Vater Chloe , Driscoll Haley , Faraone Stephen V. 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT:

Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate growth trajectories in stimulant-exposed and stimulant-unexposed children using electronic medical record data from a large health care organization attending to moderating effects of the magnitude of exposure to stimulants, sex, and race.

Methods:
Weight, height, body mass index (BMI), prescription, and sociodemographic information were extracted from the electronic medical records of a large health care organization. Included were children who were 6 to 12 years at the time they were receiving stimulants with a concurrent growth assessment (index assessment) plus 1 to 4 years of additional growth assessments thereafter. Non–attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children who were unexposed to stimulants were age and sex matched to those exposed. Stimulant exposure was examined as the total number of months with stimulant prescriptions, percentage of follow-up time exposed to stimulants, and cumulative stimulant dose.

Results:
Our sample consisted of 323 children exposed to stimulants with available growth data and 1615 unexposed children. Small but significant decreases in height trajectories were found over time in exposed children compared with those unexposed. Weight and BMI trajectories decreased in the first year of follow-up with stabilization and increased thereafter. Growth trajectory effects were largest in girls (height, weight, and BMI), White children (weight), and children with more total stimulant exposure (weight).

Conclusion:
This comprehensive analysis of an ecologically informative sample attending to key covariates of the magnitude of exposure to stimulants, sex, and race extends previous findings, showing that effects on growth trajectories are small and do not appear to pose a significant clinical concern for most children with ADHD treated with stimulants from childhood onto adolescent years.
Population Pharmacokinetics of Vancomycin in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis in a Malian and a French Center and Simulation of the Optimal Loading Dose
Authors: Coulibaly Balla , Maire Pascal , Guitton Jêrome , Pelletier Solenne , Tangara Moustapha , Aulagner Gilles , Goutelle Sylvain 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
Vancomycin dosing remains challenging in patients receiving intermittent hemodialysis, especially in developing countries, where access to therapeutic drug monitoring and model-based dose adjustment services is limited. The objectives of this study were to describe vancomycin population PK in patients receiving hemodialysis in a Malian and French center and examine the optimal loading dose of vancomycin in this setting.

Methods:
Population pharmacokinetic analysis was conducted using Pmetrics in 31 Malian and 27 French hemodialysis patients, having a total of 309 vancomycin plasma concentrations. Structural and covariate analyses were based on goodness-of-fit criteria. The final model was used to perform simulations of the vancomycin loading dose, targeting a daily area under the concentration–time curve (AUC) of 400–600 mg.h/L or trough concentration of 15–20 mg/L at 48 hours.

Results:
After 48 hours of therapy, 68% of Malian and 63% of French patients exhibited a daily AUC of <400. The final model was a 2-compartment model, with hemodialysis influencing vancomycin elimination and age influencing the vancomycin volume distribution. Younger Malian patients exhibited a lower distribution volume than French patients. Dosing simulation suggested that loading doses of 1500, 2000, and 2500 mg would be required to minimize underexposure in patients aged 30, 50, and 70 years, respectively.

Conclusions:
In this study, a low AUC was frequently observed in hemodialysis patients in Mali and France after a standard vancomycin loading dose. A larger dose is necessary to achieve the currently recommended AUC target. However, the proposed dosing algorithm requires further clinical evaluation.
Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Validation of a Cardiac Knowledge Questionnaire for Chinese Immigrants
Authors: Shi Wendan , Zhang Ling , Fethney Judith , Ghisi Gabriela L.M. , Gallagher Robyn 
Published: February 2023

Background
Disease-related knowledge deficits are common in Chinese immigrants living in Western countries, putting them at risk of disease progression and mortality, particularly those with a coronary heart disease (CHD) diagnosis. However, no measurement instrument is available to assess CHD-related knowledge in this population.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to culturally adapt and examine the psychometric properties of the short version of Coronary Artery Disease Education Questionnaire (CADE-Q SV) (simplified Chinese version) in Chinese immigrants with CHD.

Methods
Mandarin-speaking people recruited from medical centers and cardiology clinics across metropolitan Sydney completed the 20-item CADE-Q SV (5 domains; potential scores: 0–20). Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach α. A subgroup (n = 40) repeated the survey 2 weeks later for test-retest reliability by intraclass correlation coefficient. Factor structure (confirmatory factor analysis) and discriminant (known-groups) validation using education and English proficiency (univariate general linear model) were also undertaken.

Results
Participants (n = 202) had a mean (SD) age of 66.08 (10.93) years, 45.1% were male, and the mean (SD) total CADE-Q SV score was 13.07 (4.57). Reliability and consistency were good (intraclass correlation coefficient > 0.70; Cronbach α coefficients > 0.70, for total and per domain, respectively). The 5-domain structure was validated by confirmatory factor analysis. The scale demonstrated discriminant validity, with low education (P < .001) and low English proficiency (P = .017) associated with lower knowledge scores.

Conclusion
The CADE-Q SV (simplified Chinese version) can be used as a valid and reliable instrument, either paper based or digital, to evaluate the CHD-related knowledge of Chinese immigrants. This scale can be adapted to other migrant populations in the future.
Organ-preserving surgery and classic surgery for pancreatic solid pseudopapillary neoplasms: a multicenter analysis from Central and Western China
Authors: Tan Chunlu , Yang Zhiqing , Li Jiang , Ji Fengming , Gou Shanmiao 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Pancreatic solid pseudopapillary neoplasms (SPNs) are low-grade malignant tumors of the pancreas. Organ-preserving surgery is being increasingly performed for these tumors, although there is little evidence to support its use. This retrospective multicenter study aimed to determine the clinicopathologic characteristics of pancreatic SPNs in Central and Western China and to determine the efficacy of organ-preserving surgery.

Methods:
The clinicopathologic, treatment and follow-up data of 227 pancreatic SPN patients treated between July 2003 and December 2016 at 5 tertiary care centers were retrospectively reviewed.

Results:
Among the 227 patients (38 males, 189 females; mean age 33.30 ± 12.70 years), only 72 (31.7%) had symptoms. The mean tumor size was 55.08 ± 29.56 mm. Adjacent organ/lymphovascular invasion was present in 16 (7.1%) patients and distant metastasis in 3 (1.3%) patients; no patient had spread to distant lymph nodes. Surgery included organ-preserving surgery in 108 (47.6%) patients, classic surgery in 115 (50.7%) patients, and palliative surgery in 4 (1.8%) patients. Tumor recurrence was seen in 8 (3.6%) patients. Cox regression analysis showed positive surgical margin (P < .01) and metastasis (P = .03) to be independent predictors of recurrence. Tumor characteristics were comparable between patients receiving organ-preserving surgery and classic surgery. The risk of recurrence was also similar in both groups (P = .72).

Conclusions:
Organ-preserving surgery appears to be an effective procedure for the treatment of pancreatic SPNs. Resection surgery should aim for negative surgical margins.
Pancreatic steatosis and its correlation with clinicopathological features in patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms
Authors: Li Yongzheng , Yang Jian , Fan Zhiyao , Dong Peng , Hu Jingjuan , Liu Shujie , Meng Yufan , Gao Changhao , Gao Xin , Pang Chaoyu , Zhan Hanxiang 
Published: February 2023

Background and objective:
The incidence of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs) has been increasing year by year, and pancreatic steatosis has been paid more and more attention to by clinicians. Our study aims to reveal the correlation between pancreatic steatosis, clinicopathological parameters, and the prognosis of patients with pNENs.

Methods:
The clinicopathological data of patients with pNENs who underwent surgical resections in our institution from January 2013 to May 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The mean computed tomography (CT) values of the pancreas and spleen were used to assess the severity of the pancreatic steatosis. Pearson Chi-square test, T test, Mann Whitney U test, Univariate Cox regression, and Multivariate Cox regression were used to explore the relationship between pancreatic steatosis and age, sex, body mass index, tumor type, tumor location, tumor stage, blood lipid, prognosis, and other factors.

Results:
A total of 122 patients were included in our study, and 19.67% have pancreatic steatosis. The incidence of pancreatic steatosis was significantly higher in patients with fatty liver than in patients without fatty liver (36.8% vs 16.5%, P = .04). In insulinoma, the incidence of pancreatic steatosis in elderly patients was significantly higher than in young and middle-aged patients (41.7% vs 9.3%, P = .025). There was no significant difference in lipid levels between the pancreatic steatosis group and the non-pancreatic steatosis group (P > .05). Kaplan-Meier curves show that the prognosis of stage III/IV patients was significantly worse than that of stage I/II patients (P < .001). However, there was no significant difference in prognosis between patients with and without pancreatic steatosis (P = .404).

Conclusion:
The incidence of pancreatic steatosis was significantly higher in those with fatty liver than those without fatty liver. There is a high incidence of pancreatic steatosis in elderly patients with insulinoma. American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage, but not pancreatic steatosis, significantly affected the prognosis of patients with pNENs.
A Delphi Method for Development of a Barrett’s Esophagus Question Prompt List as a Communication Tool for Optimal Patient-physician Communication
Authors: Kamal Afrin N. , Wang Chih-Hung Jason , Triadafilopoulos George , Diehl David L. , DuCoin Christopher , Dunst Christy M. , Falk Gary , Iyer Prasad G. , Katzka David A. , Konda Vani J.A. , Muthusamy Raman , Otaki Fouad , Pleskow Douglas , Rubenstein Joel H. , Shaheen Nicholas J. , Sharma Prateek , Smith Michael S. , Sujka Joseph , Swanstrom Lee L. , Tatum Roger P. , Trindade Arvind J. , Ujiki Michael , Wani Sachin , Clarke John O. 
Published: February 2023

Background Methods:
The question prompt list content was derived through a modified Delphi process consisting of 3 rounds. In round 1, experts provided 5 answers to the prompts “What general questions should patients ask when given a new diagnosis of Barrett’s esophagus” and “What questions do I not hear patients asking, but given my expertise, I believe they should be asking?” Questions were reviewed and categorized into themes. In round 2, experts rated questions on a 5-point Likert scale. In round 3, experts rerated questions modified or reduced after the previous rounds. Only questions rated as “essential” or “important” were included in Barrett’s esophagus question prompt list (BE-QPL). To improve usability, questions were reduced to minimize redundancy and simplified to use language at an eighth-grade level (Fig. 1).

Results:
Twenty-one esophageal medical and surgical experts participated in both rounds (91% males; median age 52 years). The expert panel comprised of 33% esophagologists, 24% foregut surgeons, and 24% advanced endoscopists, with a median of 15 years in clinical practice. Most (81%), worked in an academic tertiary referral hospital. In this 3-round Delphi technique, 220 questions were proposed in round 1, 122 (55.5%) were accepted into the BE-QPL and reduced down to 76 questions (round 2), and 67 questions (round 3). These 67 questions reached a Flesch Reading Ease of 68.8, interpreted as easily understood by 13 to 15 years olds.

Conclusions:
With multidisciplinary input, we have developed a physician-derived BE-QPL to optimize patient-physician communication. Future directions will seek patient feedback to distill the questions further to a smaller number and then assess their usability.