bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technology moral sense: Development, reliability, and validity of the TMS scale in Chinese version
Authors: Wu Wen , Huang Xiuqing , Li Xinyu 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThe aggregation of intelligent technologies such as big data, algorithms, and biometrics poses new moral risks to humanity and has raised awareness of technology ethics. Based on the research on moral issues in the fields of ethics and psychology, we built the concept of technology moral sense (TMS) by investigating three dimensions—technology moral consensus, cognition, and emotion.MethodsWe focused on the field of intelligent surveillance technology, adopted a scale, and conducted a questionnaire survey with more than 1,000 respondents. We used exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis to test two different samples.ResultsFirst, by combining item analysis and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, we established that all three dimensions are reliable. Our results indicated a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.944, 0.891 and 0.938 for technology moral consensus, emotion, and cognition. Second, exploratory factor analysis verified that there were three factors, the eigenvalues were all greater than one, and the cumulative variance explanation rate was 74.953%, and the factor loading coefficient of the 18 items are greater than 0.5. Finally, we used confirmatory factor analysis to test the fit of the model. The test shows that RMSEA = 0.078, CFI and TLI are greater than 0.9, which indicating the fit was suitable and the construct validity was good.DiscussionOur findings demonstrated that the new scale is a reliable tool for assessing the technology moral sense in China. The results support the reliability and validity of the Technology Moral Sense (TMS) scale, and explain the existence of the concept of technology moral sense through three dimensions.
Influence of empathy on work alienation among Chinese nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: The mediating effect of ego depletion
Authors: Cui Yi , Yang Tianqi , Zhang Man , Liu Na , Liu Qin , Zhang Lanfang , Zhang Lihua , Yang Haoshuang , Zhang Yinling 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundNurses’ work alienation has become increasingly serious due to the increase in workload and risk during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, no studies have investigated the link between empathy, ego depletion, and work alienation among Chinese nurses. The present study aimed to evaluate Chinese nurses’ empathy, ego depletion, and work alienation and to examine whether nurses’ ego depletion mediates the relationship between empathy and work alienation.MethodsThis was a descriptive, cross-sectional study involving 353 nurses from Shaanxi. The Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Health Professionals, Self-Regulating Fatigue Scale and Work Alienation Questionnaire were used to collect data through an online survey. Structural equation modeling was conducted to analyze the mediating model.ResultsWork alienation was negatively correlated with empathy (r = −0.305, p &lt; 0.01) and positively correlated with ego depletion (r = 0.652, p &lt; 0.01). Empathy was negatively correlated with ego depletion (r = −0.325, p &lt; 0.01). Empathy can directly predict work alienation (β = −0.263, p &lt; 0.01), while ego depletion has a mediating effect between empathy and work alienation (β = −0.309, p &lt; 0.01), and the mediating effect accounts for 54.02% of the total effect.ConclusionNurses’ work alienation was at a moderate-to-high level. Improving empathy can reduce work alienation through less ego depletion. Nursing managers should discover nurses’ work alienation as soon as possible. Interventions to improve empathy can help replenish nurses’ psychological resources, thereby reducing ego depletion and work alienation.
Patience and its relationship to stress tolerance in relation to demographic factors of the medical system in Bethlehem Governorate during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Al-Arja Nahida Saba 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveThe present study aims to identify the relationship between patience and stress tolerance in the medical system in Bethlehem Governorate during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to identify the impact of several demographic variables on it.MethodsA random sample of 160 members/workers of the medical staff completed the Patience Scale and Coping Processes Scale questionnaire.ResultsIt showed there is a significant positive effect for patience on stress tolerance and there were statistically significant differences in the level of patience in favor of males and single workers. It was also found that there is no difference in the specific duties of a health care worker and no variance of statistical evidence was found in the level of patience due to work with COVID patients but there were differences in stress tolerance in favor of those who do not work with COVID patients. It was also found that there is a significance in the level of stress tolerance in favor of the National Center in regard to bearing pressure. The study findings indicate there was a negative correlation with statistical significance between stress tolerance and age. The nature of stress changes with age, from episodic to chronic, which in turn affects appraisal and coping processes.ConclusionThis study, which was conducted on a sample of Palestinian medical workers in the Bethlehem area, showed that at the beginning of the pandemic, the medical system in Palestine was not ready to handle COVID-19, and had no precautions to prevent the disease. In spite of that, the doctors and nurses who were undergoing psychological pressure were able to stand at the front line and face the outbreak of the coronavirus.
Association between olfactory dysfunction and mood disturbances with objective and subjective cognitive deficits in long-COVID
Authors: Llana Tania , Mendez Marta , Garces-Arilla Sara , Hidalgo Vanesa , Mendez-Lopez Magdalena , Juan M.-Carmen 
Published: February 2023

Background and purposeThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been associated with olfactory dysfunction. The persistent symptoms of anosmia or hyposmia were associated in previous studies with the development of memory impairment and mood disturbances. We aimed to investigate the association between the chronicity of reported olfactory dysfunction and subjective and objective cognitive performance in long-COVID patients and to explore whether their emotional symptoms are related to their cognition.MethodsOne hundred twenty-eight long-COVID participants were recruited. Reported symptomatology, subjective memory complaints, anxiety and depression symptomatology, and trait-anxiety were assessed. Subjective memory complaints and mood disturbances were compared among groups of participants with olfactory dysfunction as an acute (AOD), persistent (POD), or nonexistent (NOD) symptom. Seventy-six of the volunteers also participated in a face-to-face session to assess their objective performance on tests of general cognitive function and verbal declarative memory. Objective cognitive performance and mood disturbances were compared among the AOD, POD, and NOD groups.ResultsThe subjective memory complaints and the anxiety and depression symptoms were similar among the groups, but the score in general cognitive function was lower in the participants with symptoms of acute olfactory dysfunction than in those with no olfactory symptoms at any time. Participants’ memory complaints were positively related to their emotional symptoms. The relationship between depressive symptomatology and memory complaints interacted with the olfactory dysfunction, as it only occurred in the participants without symptoms of olfactory dysfunction. Depressive symptomatology and acute olfactory symptoms were negatively associated with general cognitive function and delayed memory performance. The months elapsed from diagnosis to assessment also predicted delayed memory performance. Anxious symptomatology was negatively associated with the immediate ability to recall verbal information in participants who did not present olfactory dysfunction in the acute phase of the infection.ConclusionOlfactory dysfunction in the acute phase of the infection by COVID-19 is related to cognitive deficits in objective tests, and mood disturbances are associated with self-reported and objective memory. These findings may contribute to further understanding the neuropsychological and emotional aspects of long-COVID.
Exploring the comorbidity between personality and musculoskeletal disorders among adults: A scoping review
Authors: Quirk Shae E. , Koivumaa-Honkanen Heli , Kavanagh Bianca E. , Honkanen Risto J. , Heikkinen Jeremi , Williams Lana J. 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThere is growing awareness of the comorbidity between mental and musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and their associated burden. We aimed to explore what is known regarding the existing epidemiological clinical–and population– based literature on the comorbidity between personality disorders (PDs) and MSDs specifically. In addition, we aimed to investigate their associated burden by examining a range of outcomes including morbidity/mortality, patient- and clinical-reported outcomes, work-related outcomes, hospital admissions, and financial costs. Finally, we sought to identify gaps in the literature and provide recommendations for further research.MethodsStudies with participants 15 years of age were eligible. Categorical PDs/features (DSM-III/IV/5 or ICD 9/10), identified by a health care professional, medical records, diagnostic interviews, or self-administered questionnaires. The definitions/groupings of MSDs were guided by the ICD-10 including conditions of the back, joints, and soft tissue, and disorders of bone density and structure. Published peer-reviewed and gray literature were considered. Eligible study designs were cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies, and existing reviews of observational studies. Identification and selection of articles, data extraction and the presentation of the results was conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute methodological guidance and the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews.ResultsIn total, 57 articles were eligible including 10 reviews and 47 individual studies. Across clinical and population settings, we detected evidence of comorbidity between PDs and chronic back/neck/spine conditions, arthritis, and fibromyalgia, and emerging evidence of associations between PDs and reduced bone mineral density. In terms of knowledge gaps, the burden associated with PDs and MSDs is poorly understood, as is their underlying mechanisms.DiscussionThis scoping review might prompt further research into PDs and MSDs as separate groups of disorders, along with their comorbidity and the mechanisms that may link them.Systematic review registrationhttps://osf.io/mxbr2/registrations.
The effect of adding curcumin to sodium valproate in treatment of patients with bipolar disorder in the acute phase of mania: A randomized double-blind clinical trial
Authors: Akbarzadeh Farzad , Niksun Nabahat , Behravan Ghazal , Behdani Fatemeh , Mohammadpour Amir Hooshang , Jaafari Mahmoudreza , Hosseini Tayebeh , Rajai Zahra , Ebrahimi Alireza , Eslamzadeh Mahboubeh 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundInflammatory processes play a role in the etiopathogenesis of bipolar disorder type 1. Full therapeutic responses are seldom seen and the ongoing inflammatory processes in the brain could lead to neuronal loss. Curcumin, a relatively safe herbal compound, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects. The present randomized double-blind clinical trial study aimed to investigate the effect of adding curcumin to the treatment regimen of BID.Materials and methodsThis randomized double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 78 patients diagnosed with BID according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM 5) criteria. The sample were divided into two groups. Patients in both groups received sodium valproate starting at a dose of 600 milligrams per day and administered up to 20 milligrams per kilogram per day or the highest dosage of the patient’s tolerance. Patients in the intervention group also received curcumin as nanomicelle in soft gelatin capsules 40 milligrams per day. The control group received placebo tablets with the same characteristics as the curcumin tablets. They were assessed by a psychiatrist using the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Clinical Global Impression (CGI), and a medication side effect questionnaire at the beginning of the study, as well as in the first, second, and fourth weeks of the study.ResultsAmong the 78 patients chosen to participate in the project, 54 people completed the trial. No specific side effect was observed in the two groups. Both groups showed an increase in their MMSE scores compared to the beginning of the study (value of p &lt; 0.001). Although this increase was not statistically different between the two groups (value of p = 0.68). The YMRS score of both groups decreased significantly by the end of the study (value of p &lt; 0.001); however, this decrease was not significantly different between the two groups (value of p = 0.64). In addition, the two groups experienced a significant increase in their CGI scores throughout the study (value of p &lt; 0.001), this increase however was not statistically different between the two groups (value of p = 0.88).ConclusionThe present study suggested that curcumin may not be a useful adjuvant agent in the management of patients with BID receiving sodium valproate as treatment.Clinical trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT), identifier IRCT2016102530504N1.
How do people with MND and caregivers experience a digital mental health intervention? A qualitative study
Authors: Pinto Cathryn , Geraghty Adam W. A. , Pagnini Francesco , Yardley Lucy , Dennison Laura 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveWe urgently need to develop and evaluate more psychological interventions to support people with Motor Neurone Disease (MND) and caregivers. We used the person-based approach to develop a digital mental health intervention and conducted two studies to explore people’s experiences of using it.MethodsIn Study 1, we conducted think-aloud interviews with 9 people with MND and 8 caregivers, and used findings to refine the intervention. In Study 2, 18 people with MND and 9 caregivers used the intervention for 6 weeks after which in-depth interviews were conducted. Data from both studies were combined and analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsWe developed 3 main themes around intervention acceptability, engagement, and usefulness. Participants highlighted the importance of accessibility and realistic presentation of information and support. Tailoring and timing intervention use to suit own needs, preferences, and disease stage was also important. Participants used the strategies presented to develop a positive outlook and regain some control. They also faced some challenges using these strategies in the context of dealing with progressive loss.ConclusionPeople with MND and caregivers can find digital mental health interventions useful. Intervention accessibility and flexibility are important for developing acceptable and engaging interventions for MND.
Co-prescription of aripiprazole on prolactin levels in long-term hospitalized chronic schizophrenic patients with co-morbid type 2 diabetes: A retrospective clinical study
Authors: Liu Xuebing , Sun Xianzhi , Li Lu , Zeng Kuan , Li Yi , Gao Yujun , Ma Jun 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundOne of the most frequent side effects of atypical antipsychotics is hyperprolactinemia (HPRL), and metformin or aripiprazole co-prescription is regarded as an effective therapy option for reducing prolactin (PRL) levels. However, whether either of the two drugs can reduce PRL levels in patients with long-term hospitalized chronic schizophrenia with co-morbid type 2 diabetes (T2DM) has not been adequately reported.MethodsIn our study, long-term hospitalized chronic schizophrenia patients with co-T2DM who were prescribed olanzapine or risperidone as the primary antipsychotic medication were enrolled. A total of 197 of these cases with co-prescribed aripiprazole were set up as the study group (co-Ari group), and the other 204 cases without co-prescribed aripiprazole were set up as the control group (non-Ari group). The two groups’ variations in each target parameter were compared, and the variables affecting PRL levels were examined.ResultsCompared to the non-Ari group, fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood uric acid (UA), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were significantly higher in the co-Ari group, but there was no difference in PRL levels. Co-prescribing aripiprazole had no impact on PRL levels in all patients with co-T2DM, and aripiprazole dose had no impact on PRL levels in the clinical subgroup of the co-Ari group.ConclusionAripiprazole not only worsened the severity of index disturbances associated to metabolism in long-term hospitalized chronic schizophrenia patients with co-T2DM on metformin-based hypoglycemic medications but also failed to lower PRL levels.
A multinational survey of patient utilization of and value conveyed through virtual symptom triage and healthcare referral
Authors: Gellert George A. , Orzechowski Piotr M. , Price Tim , Kabat-Karabon Aleksandra , Jaszczak Jakub , Marcjasz Natalia , Mlodawska Agata , Kwiecien Aleksandra K. , Kurkiewicz Piotr 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveTo describe the use patterns, impact and derived patient-user value of a mobile web-based virtual triage/symptom checker.MethodsOnline survey of 2,113 web-based patient-users of a virtual triage/symptom checker was completed over an 8-week period. Questions focused on triage and care objectives, pre- and post-triage care intent, frequency of use, value derived and satisfaction with virtual triage. Responses were analyzed and stratified to characterize patient-user pre-triage and post-triage intent relative to triage engine output.ResultsSeventy-eight percent of virtual triage users were female, and 37% were 18–24 years old or younger, 28% were 25–44, 16% were 45–54, and 19% were 55 years or older; 41.2% completed the survey from the U.S., 12.5% from the U.K., 9.1% from Canada, 5.6% from India, 3.8% from South Africa. Motivations were to determine need to consult a physician (44.2%), to secure medical advice without visiting a physician (21.0%), and to confirm a diagnosis received (14.2%). Forty-three percent were first time users of virtual triage, 36.6% utilized a triage engine at least once every few months or more often. Pre-triage, 40.5% did not know what level of healthcare they were planning to utilize, 33.9% stated they intended to seek a physician consultation, 23.7% engage self-care and 1.8% seek emergency care. Virtual triage recommended 56.8% of patient-users consult a physician, 33.8% seek emergency care and 9.4% engage self-care. In three-fourths, virtual triage helped users decide level of care to pursue. Among 74.1%, triage recommended care different than pre-triage intentions. Post-triage, those who remained uncertain of their care path decreased by 25.4%. Patient-user experience and satisfaction with virtual triage was high, with 80.1% stating that they were highly likely or likely to use it again, and interest in and willingness to use telemedicine doubled.ConclusionVirtual triage successfully redirected patient-users who initially planned to seek an inappropriate level of care acuity, reduced patient uncertainty of care path, and doubled the percentage of patients amenable to telemedicine and virtual health engagement. Patient-users were highly satisfied with virtual triage and the virtual triage patient experience, and a large majority will use virtual triage recurrently in the future.
PM2.5 induce lifespan reduction, insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway disruption and lipid metabolism disorder in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Zhang Wenjing , Li Zinan , Li Guojun , Kong Ling , Jing Haiming , Zhang Nan , Ning Junyu , Gao Shan , Zhang Yong , Wang Xinyu , Tao Jing 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionExposure to fine particulate matter (PM), especially PM2.5, can induce various adverse health effects in populations, including diseases and premature death, but the mechanism of its toxicity is largely unknown.MethodsWater-soluble components of PM2.5 (WS-PM2.5) were collected in the north of China in winter, and combined in two groups with the final concentrations of 94 μg/mL (CL group, AQI ≤ 100) and 119 μg/mL (CH group, 100 &lt; AQI ≤ 200), respectively. The acute and long-term toxic effects of WS-PM2.5 samples were evaluated in several aspects such as development, lifespan, healthspan (locomotion behavior, heat stress tolerance, lipofucin). DAF mutants and genes were applied to verify the action of IIS pathway in WS-PM2.5 induced-effects. RNA-Sequencing was performed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms, as well as ROS production and Oil red O staining were also served as means of mechanism exploration.ResultsBody length and lifespan were shortened by exposure to WS-PM2.5. Healthspan of nematodes revealed adverse effects evaluated by head thrash, body bend, pharyngeal pump, as well as intestinal lipofuscin accumulation and survival time under heat stress. The abbreviated lifespan of daf-2(e1370) strain and reduced expression level of daf-16 and hsp-16.2 indicated that IIS pathway might be involved in the mechanism. Thirty-five abnormally expressed genes screened out by RNA-Sequencing techniques, were functionally enriched in lipid/lipid metabolism and transport, and may contribute substantially to the regulation of PM2.5 induced adverse effects in nematodes.ConclusionWS-PM2.5 exposure induce varying degrees of toxic effects, such as body development, shorten lifespan and healthspan. The IIS pathway and lipid metabolism/transport were disturbed by WS-PM2.5 during WS-PM2.5 exposure, suggesting their regulatory role in lifespan determination.