bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autophagy and its role in osteosarcoma
Authors: Ning Biao , Liu Yixin , Huang Tianhe , Wei Yongchang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOsteosarcoma (OS) is the most common bone malignancy and preferably occurs in children and adolescents. Despite significant advances in surgery and chemotherapy for OS over the past few years, overall survival rates of OS have reached a bottleneck. Thus, extensive researches aimed at developing new therapeutic targets for OS are urgently needed. Autophagy, a conserved process which allows cells to recycle altered or unused organelles and cellular components, has been proven to play a critical role in multiple biological processes in OS. In this article, we summarized the association between autophagy and proliferation, metastasis, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy of OS, revealing that autophagy‐related genes and pathways could serve as potential targets for OS therapy.
Effectiveness and safety of lenvatinib plus anti‐programmed death‐1 antibodies in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: A real‐world cohort study
Authors: Xu Ming‐Hao , Huang Cheng , Li Mei‐Ling , Zhu Xiao‐Dong , Tan Chang‐Jun , Zhou Jian , Fan Jia , Sun Hui‐Chuan , Shen Ying‐Hao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveLenvatinib plus anti‐programmed death‐1 (anti‐PD‐1) antibody combinations have shown potent anti‐tumor effect in phase I/II trials in advanced or unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but real‐world data are limited.MethodsTo investigate the effectiveness and safety of lenvatinib plus anti‐PD‐1 antibodies in a real‐world cohort, we retrospectively evaluated 210 patients with unresectable or advanced HCC treated with these regimens between October 2018 and February 2022.ResultsThe objective response rate and disease control rate per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) v1.1 were 28.1% and 75.2%. Median overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) in the overall cohort were 17.2 and 8.4 months, respectively. Median OS and PFS of patients receiving first‐line treatment reached 18.9 and 9.6 months. Median OS was significantly longer in patients with Child‐Pugh class A versus B (18.8 vs. 5.9 months, respectively), as was median PFS (9.1 vs. 4.4 months). Patients with albumin–bilirubin (ALBI) grade 1 versus grade 2/3 also had significantly greater median OS (23.5 vs. 13.4 months). Treatment‐related adverse events (AEs) occurred in 79.5% of patients. Patients with ALBI grade 2/3 had a higher rate of grade 3/4 AEs than patients with ALBI grade 1 (57.5% vs. 38.5%).ConclusionLenvatinib combined with anti‐PD‐1 antibody therapy was effective in patients with sufficient liver function reserve. Further study is needed to improve therapeutic efficacy and AE management in patients with Child‐Pugh class B or ALBI grade 2/3.
TPX2 promotes ovarian tumorigenesis by interacting with Lamin A/C and affecting its stability
Authors: Meng Xin , Cao Jiazhen , Zheng Hui , Ma Xiaolu , Wang Yanchun , Tong Ying , Xie Suhong , Lu Renquan , Guo Lin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveOvarian cancer (OC) is one of the fatal gynecologic malignancies. However, there are no effective prognostic or therapeutic indicators for OC. Herein, we aim to reveal the potential function of targeting protein for Xklp2 (TPX2) in OC progression.MethodsImmunohistochemical and bioinformatic analyses were used to evaluate the level of TPX2 in OC samples. Effects of TPX2 on cell proliferation, cell apoptosis and ROS production were evaluated in vivo and in vitro. Mass spectrometry, Co‐IP and immunofluorescence assays were performed to identify and verify protein‐protein interactions.ResultsOur data showed that pathological overexpression (OE) of the TPX2 in OC could manifest a poor prognosis. Functional studies demonstrated that TPX2 silencing led to the suppression of cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo through an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and apoptosis, while TPX2 OE exhibited the opposite effect. Furthermore, by mass spectrometric analysis, we identified a novel interacting partner, Lamin A/C, for TPX2. Mechanistically, TPX2 regulated Lamin A/C's stability by modulating the level of phospho‐Lamin A/C (Ser 22).ConclusionOur findings thus suggest that TPX2 may be a promising therapeutic target for OC.
Comparison of treatment strategies for resectable locally advanced primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the lung
Authors: Gu Yu , Zhu Hongcheng , Deng Jiaying , Zhang Junhua , Chen Tianxiang , Lai Songtao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrimary pure mucinous adenocarcinoma (PMA) is a rare type of lung cancer with unique clinical and prognostic features. Previous studies have shown that PMA have more early‐stage cancer compared with other adenocarcinoma (ADC) subtypes. The clinicopathological features and optimal treatment strategies of resectable locally advanced mucinous adenocarcinoma lack evidence and require further study.MethodsIn this study, we collected information from patients with stage III‐N2 PMA who underwent radical surgery between 2004 and 2016 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The clinicopathological parameters, treatments, overall survival (OS), and cancer‐specific survival (CSS) were evaluated.ResultsOf 242,699 eligible lung adenocarcinoma patients, 124 with PMA and 3405 with other ADCs of stage III‐N2 received radical surgery were identified. Compared with other ADCs, PMA tended to appear more in the lower lobes, with higher degree of differentiation, less early T stage, and more positive lymph nodes numbers. Patients with PMA had significantly worse survival than other ADCs (OS = 45.0 vs. 57.1 months, p = 0.005, CSS = 51.8 vs. 65.5 months, p = 0.017). We explored the benefit population of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) and found that the population with ≤7 positive lymph nodes could benefit from PORT, and OS was significantly improved (41.2 vs. 69.3 months, p = 0.034). For patients with >7 positive lymph nodes, PORT did not provide a survival benefit, while chemotherapy improved OS (10.9 vs. 23.3 months, p = 0.041). Multivariate analysis showed that race, tumor location, number of positive lymph nodes, and PORT were independent prognostic factors in patients with postoperative III‐N2 lung PMA.ConclusionThe prognosis of patients with resectable III‐N2 primary lung PMA was significantly worse than that of other ADCs, and PORT was an independent prognostic factor. Patients with ≤7 positive lymph nodes could benefit from PORT and those with >7 positive lymph nodes could benefit from chemotherapy.
HIV biomedical approaches among sexual minority men with childhood sexual abuse histories: A systematic review
Authors: Emetu Roberta E. , Hernandez Patricia , Dawodu Jessica , Saunders‐Russell Carmen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMen who have sex with men (MSM) report childhood sexual abuse (CSA) at higher rates than heterosexual men. The literature has established a clear association between CSA and sexual risk taking. Biomedical HIV preventative approaches are effective tools for reducing HIV acquisition. Since many studies are conducted on MSM broadly, the objective of this review was to examine outcomes of studies on MSM with CSA histories and HIV biomedical approaches. The PRISMA checklist was used to extract data from the included studies. Of 124 studies retrieved, seven articles (n = 7) met the inclusion criteria. Studies included in the review were predominately correlational. Four themes were identified which were sexual behaviour, mental health, drug use/polydrug abuse and intimate partner violence. All identified variables impacted biomedical adherence either directly or indirectly. However, negative childhood experiences were not the dominant priority in the studies reviewed. In addition, there were confusion over how some variables were operationalized. This systematic review highlights the need for further research and intervention development based on past experiences and trauma, especially among MSM of colour. Approaches that incorporate past trauma should be the future focus of HIV prevention and management.
Establishment of Male and Female Eucommia Fingerprints by UPLC Combined with OPLS‐DA Model and Its Application
Authors: You Jinling , Li Huaqiang , Wang Qi , Xu Fanjun , Lin Shangwei , Wang Xinrui , Huang Shen , Sheng Yunjie , Zhu Bo , Zhang Qiaoyan , Meng Xiongyu , Qin Luping 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEucommia ulmoides Oliver is a dioecious plant, which plays an important role in traditional Chinese medicine. However, there has not yet been any research on male and female E. ulmoides. The UPLC fingerprints and OPLS‐DA approach were able to quickly and easily identify and quantify E. ulmoides and differentiate between the male and female fingerprints. In this study, we optimized the UPLC conditions and analyzed them to investigate fingerprints of twenty‐four extracts of Eucommiae Cortex (EC) and twenty‐four extracts of Eucommiae Folium (EF) under optimal conditions. It was demonstrated that thirteen and twelve substances were possible chemical markers for EC and EF male and female discrimination and that the level of these markers – chlorogenic acid and protocatechuic acid – was many times higher in male than in female. This approach offered a reference for quality control and precise treatment of male and female E. ulmoides in the clinic.
Isomerization of DASA Molecules in the Nanopores of Metal–Organic Frameworks: What Determines Its Reversibility?**
Authors: Chen Yongkui , Gao Shuaiqi , Cheng Yifei , Tian Xiaoxin , Xuan Xiaopeng , Wang Huiyong , Yao Wenhui , Li Zhiyong , Zhu Guangshan , Wang Jianji 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn recent years, light‐responsive molecules have been incorporated in metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) to fabricate light‐responsive intelligent devices, where reversible isomerization of the guest molecules in the nanopores is crucial. However, how to design a porous environment of MOFs to achieve a reversible isomerization remains unknown until now. In this work, donor–acceptor Stenhouse adducts (DASAs), a new kind of visible light responsive compound, were confined in the nanopores of different MOFs to study their isomerization upon visible‐light irradiation/mild heating. We found that the polarity of the pore environment is the key to control the reversibility of isomerization of such guest molecules. Under the guidance of this principle, MIL‐53(Al) was screened to investigate the proton conductivity and switching performance of the DASA‐confined MOF. The proton conductance was up to 0.013 S cm−1 at 80 °C and 98 % RH, and at least 30 switching cycles were achieved thanks to the Grotthuss‐type mechanism and the low polarity of MIL‐53(Al) pore environment.
L'interaction odeur‐goût et ses effets marketing sur la perception et la consommation des produits diététiques
Authors: Eleuch Amira , Koubaa Yamen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe interaction between smell and taste has been widely confirmed in the literature. Exposure to a congruent olfactory stimulus enhances taste, increases palatability and the desire to eat, and promotes food consumption. In this paper, we use laboratory experiments to show that, in addition to its role in taste enhancement, olfaction also plays a role in taste induction. Using the phenomena of cognitive sensory integration and mental imagery, we explain how exposure to a real odor congruent with the expected taste produces a taste sensation for which there is no real taste stimulus. For example, exposure to the smell of vanillin, which is a sugar‐congruent odor, creates a taste sensation of sweetness, increases palatability and food cravings, and increases consumption of sugar‐free biscuits. The lack of exposure to the actual taste stimulus of sugar does not prevent the taste‐congruent odor from creating a taste sensation of sweetness, an olfactory sweetness. Odors are able to induce a taste sensation for which there is no real taste stimulus. The results of this research have implications for the marketing of dietary foods. Tastefulness, which is reduced by the absence of flavor, can be increased by congruent olfactory stimuli in the environment and have a positive effect on the sales of this product category.
Strategies toward Highly Efficient Monolithic Perovskite/Organic Tandem Solar Cells
Authors: Jiang Shan , Xu Zhiyang , Wang Fuzhi , Tian Shilei , Wang Yang , Li Chenghao , Tan Zhan'ao 
Published: February 2023

Comprehensive SummaryConstructing monolithic tandem solar cells (TSCs) is an effective method to break the Shockley–Queisser (S–Q) radiative efficiency limit for single‐junction solar cells. Employing the wide bandgap perovskite materials and low bandgap organic materials as absorber layers for front and rear subcells, respectively, to construct perovskite/organic TSCs can complementarily absorb sunlight in ultraviolet‐visible (UV‐Vis) range by front perovskite and near‐infrared (NIR) range by rear organic molecules, thus reducing the thermalization energy losses. Besides the subcells, the interconnection layer (ICL), which physically and electrically connects the front and rear subcells, is also an important tunnel junction to recombine charges. In this review, we summarize the optimization strategies of wide bandgap perovskites for front subcell, narrow bandgap organic material for rear subcell, and the ICLs employed in monolithic perovskite/organic TSCs.
Pharmacokinetics of AXA1665, a Novel Composition of Amino Acids, in Comparison With Protein Supplement: A Single‐Dose, Open‐Label, Randomized Study in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Vaidya Soniya , McLinden Joshua , Hinderliter Paul , Tatsuta Noriaki , Steinberg Alexandra , Rebello Sam 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe evaluated the safety and tolerability of AXA1665, a novel investigational fixed‐ratio amino acid (AA) composition, the pharmacokinetics (PK) of the constituent AAs within AXA1665, and their relative bioavailability versus standard protein supplement. This study was conducted in 2 phases; in the initial phase, healthy subjects (N = 16) were randomly assigned to 4 treatment sequences (AXA1665 4.9, 9.8, and 19.6 g or 35 g protein supplement) in an open‐label, single‐dose, 4‐way crossover study, while in the extension phase, they received single AXA1665 doses of 29.4 and 39.2 g in a sequential crossover manner. The net area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) and observed time to reach maximum plasma concentration were estimated. A dose‐dependent increase in plasma AUC from time 0 to the last measurable concentration (AUClast) and maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) was observed for all AXA1665‐dosed AAs (4.9–39.2 g) except aspartic acid. AXA1665 19.6 g resulted in 1.5‐ to 9.5‐fold higher systemic exposure to all AXA1665‐dosed AAs except for aspartic acid and lysine and lower exposure to all nondosed AAs except for glutamine and alanine versus protein supplement. AXA1665 doses, up to 39.2 g, can deliver AXA1665‐dosed AAs in the systemic circulation in the linear AUC range.
Height and crown allometries and their relationship with functional traits: An example from a subtropical wet forest
Authors: Yang Jie , Swenson Nathan G. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractForest tree communities are largely structured by interactions between phenotypes and their environments. Functional traits have been popularized as providing key insights into plant functional tradeoffs. Similarly, tree crown—stem diameter and tree height—stem diameter allometric relationships are likely to be strongly coordinated with functional trait tradeoff axes. Specifically, species with functional traits indicative of conservative strategies (i.e., dense wood, heavy seeds) should be related to tree architectures that have lower heights and wider crowns for a given stem diameter. For example, shade‐tolerant species in tropical forests are typically characterized as having dense wood, large seeds, and relatively broad crowns at early ontogenetic stages. Here, we focus on 14 dominant dicot tree species in a tropical forest. We utilized hierarchical Bayesian models to characterize species‐specific height and crown size allometric parameters. We sampled from the posterior distributions for these parameters and correlated them with six functional traits. We also characterize the expected height and crown size for a series of reference stem diameters to quantify the relationship between traits and tree architecture across size classes. We find little interspecific variation in allometric slopes, but clear variation in allometric intercepts. Allometeric height intercepts were negatively correlated with wood density and crown size intercepts were positively related to wood density and seed mass and negatively related to leaf percent phosphorus. Thus, interspecific variation in tree architecture is generated by interspecific variation in allometric intercepts and not slopes. These intercepts could be predicted using a handful of functional traits where conservative traits were indicative of trees that are relatively short and have larger crown sizes. This demonstrates a coordination of tropical tree life histories that can be characterized simultaneously with functional traits and tree allometries.
Sexual dimorphism as a facilitator of worker caste evolution in ants
Authors: Smith Chris R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAnt societies are primarily composed of females, whereby labor is divided into reproductive, or queen, and non‐reproductive, or worker, castes. Workers and reproductive queens can differ greatly in behavior, longevity, physiology, and morphology, but queen–worker differences are usually modest relative to the differences in males. Males are short‐lived, typically do not provide the colony with labor, often look like a different species, and only occur seasonally. It is these differences that have historically led to their neglect in social insect research, but also why they may facilitate novel phenotypic variation – by increasing the phenotypic variability that is available for selection. In this study, worker variation in multivariate size–shape space paralleled male–queen variation. As worker variation increased within species, so did sexual variation. Across species in two independent genera, using head width as a proxy for body size, sexual size dimorphism correlated with worker polymorphism regardless of whether the ancestral condition was large or small worker/sexual dimorphism. Mounting molecular data support the hypothesis that queen–worker caste determination has co‐opted many genes/pathways from sex determination. The molecular evidence, coupled with the observations from this study, leads to the hypothesis that sexual selection and selection on colony‐level traits are non‐independent, and that sexual dimorphism may even have facilitated the evolution of the distinct worker caste.
Effects of continuous variation in vertical and lateral herkogamy on reproductive success in Euphorbia fischeriana (Euphorbiaceae)
Authors: Zhao Xiang , Yang Guang , Hou Qinzheng , Min Wenrui , Wang Taihong , Bao Xiaoyan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractContinuous variation in herkogamy has been well reported, however, less attention has been paid to the phenomena that the consecutive expression of two types of herkogamy in the same flower. Euphorbia fischeriana, which have both vertical and lateral herkogamy, show vertical herkogamy during the female phase. However, their gynophores bend to one side with the male phase and show lateral herkogamy. In this study, we observed the effect of successive sexual organs movement on variation in herkogamy traits. By artificially manipulating the flower to present gynophore straightened in the floral center or bend to one side, we attempted to investigate whether herkogamy movement affects pollinator access efficiency, pollen removal and deposition, and seed set ratio. Furthermore, we conducted artificial pollination in the female phase to evaluate the effect of changes in pollination environment on the variations in herkogamy traits. The results showed that gynophore straightened in female phase favors pollen deposition, whereas gynophore bending in male phase was conducive to the removal of pollen. Visitation frequency, pollen deposition and removal, and seed set ratio decreased significantly when the gynophore movement was manipulated. Finally, the bending of gynophore was obviously promoted by pollination. Therefore, the continuous variation of herkogamy in the same flower of E. fischeriana caused by the bending of the gynophore could improve the accuracy of pollination and avoid the interference of the ovary with access efficiency. That may be an adaptive strategy when pollinators are scarce. Furthermore, our study also provides good support for the hypothesis that variations in herkogamy traits are strongly selected by differences in pollination environments.
Dissolved organic carbon load variability in the rainfall season dominated its interannual variability in the snowmelt driven basin: Evidence from 41 years data of headwater streams
Authors: Wu Jiefeng , Yao Huaxia , Wang Guoqing , Li Xuemei , Lin Bingqing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNumerous reports have observed variations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) under the changing environment. From the DOC load variability perspective, however, how much of the variability in DOC load occurred among different seasons, and which season was most synchronized with the interannual variability remains unknown. The weekly DOC concentration and daily discharge records from four headwater streams with long‐term (1978–2018) records in the snowmelt driven basin of Harp Lake, south‐central Ontario, Canada, were used to answer these issues. We also examined the contributions of variabilities in discharge and DOC concentration to the variability in DOC load. We found that the variability of DOC load in the rainfall season (autumn) instead of snowmelt season (spring) was most closely synchronized with its interannual variability, suggesting that if the DOC variability in the rainfall season stabilized, the interannual variability would be more stable. The interannual variabilities for discharge, DOC concentration and DOC load showed an insignificant decreasing trend in the monitored 41 years, and the respective contributions of the variability trend of discharge and DOC concentration to DOC load in rainfall season increased from 28.82% to 144.58% and decreased from 71.18% to −44.58% because the change trend of discharge variability was greater than that in DOC concentration. This study provides a case information in determining which factors contribute most to the variability of DOC load in the watershed, and which season may dominate its variability throughout the year.
Detection of catechins in tea beverages using a novel electrochemical sensor based on cyclodextrin nanosponges composite
Authors: Li Yuhong , Chen Xiaoling , Lin Yueli , Yang Yaqi , Zhang Li , Zhao Pengcheng , Wang Chenxi , Fei Junjie , Xie Yixi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCatechin (Cat) is one of the primary functional components of tea, and its accurate detection is significant for understanding the health benefits of tea. In this study, cyclodextrin nanosponges (CDNS) were prepared and employed to combine with graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and carboxylated multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs‐COOH) to form a CDNS/GQDs/MWCNTs‐COOH composite. Scanning electron microscope and X‐ray diffraction were used to characterize the composite which was used to build a new electrochemical Cat sensor. The abundance of cavities, intermolecular gaps, and surface active groups of CD molecules endowed CDNS with remarkable Cat enrichment capacity. Due to the outstanding biocompatibility of GQDs, the good electrocatalytic activity of MWCNTs‐COOH, and the enrichment capacity of CDNS, the composite modified glass carbon electrode (GCE) exhibited excellent electrochemical sensing performance. The CDNS/GQDs/MWCNTs‐COOH/GCE showed a sensitive peak current response to catechins in the linear range between 2 × 10−8 and 1.2 × 10−6 M, with a minimum limit of detection (S/N = 3) of 4.45 nM. The sensor has also been successfully applied for catechin detection in tea beverages.