bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring and Validating Exoplanet Atmospheric Retrievals with Solar System Analog Observations
Authors: Robinson Tyler D. , Salvador Arnaud 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Solar system observations that serve as analogs for exoplanet remote sensing data can provide important opportunities to validate ideas and models related to exoplanet environments. Critically, and unlike true exoplanet observations, solar system analog data benefit from available high-quality ground- or orbiter-derived “truth” constraints that enable strong validations of exoplanet data interpretation tools. In this work, we first present a versatile atmospheric retrieval suite, capable of application to reflected light, thermal emission, and transmission observations spanning a broad range of wavelengths and thermochemical conditions. The tool—dubbed rfast—is designed, in part, to enable exoplanet mission concept feasibility studies. Following model validation, the retrieval tool is applied to a range of solar system analog observations for exoplanet environments. Retrieval studies using Earth reflected light observations from NASA’s EPOXI mission provide a key proof of concept for exo-Earth direct imaging concept missions under development. Inverse modeling applied to an infrared spectrum of Earth from the Mars Global Surveyor Thermal Emission Spectrometer achieves good constraints on atmospheric gases, including many biosignature gases. Finally, retrieval analysis applied to a transit spectrum of Titan derived from the Cassini Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer provides a proof of concept for interpreting more feature-rich transiting exoplanet observations from NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope. In the future, solar system analog observations for exoplanets could be used to verify exoplanet models and parameterizations, and future exoplanet analog observations of any solar system worlds from planetary science missions should be encouraged.
Les anciennes et les nouvelles manipulations génétiques de nos plantes et animaux domestiques
Authors: Neuhaus Jean-Marc 
Published: January 2023

Dès l’invention de l’agriculture les humains ont manipulé génétiquement d’autres organismes en modifiant l’évolution par une sélection artificielle. Des méthodes de sélection plus strictes et une meilleure compréhension de la génétique et de l’évolution ont intensifié ces manipulations génétiques dès la fin du xix e siècle. Durant le xx e siècle des méthodes de mutagénèse chimiques et physiques ont augmenté la base génétique de la sélection. Les techniques de transgénèse permettent d’introduire des traits nouveaux dans des variétés cultivées et des animaux domestiques. Les nouvelles techniques du xxi e siècle sont plus ciblées et précises, sont bien mieux comprises et leurs effets peuvent être bien mieux vérifiés.
L’ordonnance du 14 septembre 1822 : une influence des comptabilités commerciales sur la comptabilité de l’État ?
Authors: Labardin Pierre 
Published: January 2023

Une littérature historique, juridique ou gestionnaire a interrogé l’introduction de la partie double par l’ordonnance du 14 septembre 1822 en y voyant une influence des comptabilités marchandes d’Ancien Régime. Ce texte propose de préciser une telle influence en discutant les modes de circulation et propose de comparer l’ordonnance de 1822 au code de commerce de 1807. Ce travail permet de conclure à une hybridation plus complexe entre comptabilité marchande et de l’État qu’il n’y paraît initialement.
Acetyl-L-carnitine for the prevention of taxane-induced neuropathy in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Momenzadeh Mahnaz , Aria Amir , Ghadimi Keyvan , Moghaddas Azadeh 
Published: January 2023

Background and purpose:
Peripheral neuropathy is one of the most prevalent and undesirable side effects of taxane-containing chemotherapy regimens. This study aimed to investigate the effect of acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) on the prevention of taxane-induced neuropathy (TIN).

Experimental approach:
MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and Google scholar were systemically applied as electronic databases from 2010 to 2019. The current systematic review was carried out based on the main considerations of PRISMA preferential reporting items for systematic review and meta-analyses. Since there was no significant discrepancy, the random-effect model was used for 12-24 weeks’ analysis (I2 = 0%, P = 0.999).

Findings/Results:
Twelve related titles and abstracts were found during the search, 6 of them were excluded in the first phase. In the second phase, the full text of the remaining 6 articles was comprehensively evaluated and 3 papers were rejected. Finally, 3 articles complied with the inclusion criteria and pooled analyses. The meta-analysis showed a risk ratio of 0.796 (95% CI between 0.486 and 1.303), so, the effects model was used for 12-24 weeks’ analysis (I2 = 0%, P = 0.999) since no significant discrepancies were observed. There was no evidence of ALC’s positive effect on the prevention of TIN during 12 weeks, and it was revealed that ALC significantly increased TIN in 24 weeks.

Conclusion and implications:
According to our findings, the hypothesis that ALC had a positive effect on preventing TIN in 12 weeks has not been proved; however, ALC led to an increase in the TIN in 24 weeks.
Enhanced in vivo anti-tumor efficacy of whole tumor lysate in combination with whole tumor cell-specific polyclonal antibody
Authors: Rahimmanesh Ilnaz , Esmaili Yasaman , Ghafouri Elham , Hejazi Seyed Hossein , Khanahmad Hossein 
Published: January 2023

Background and purpose:
Despite the widespread utilization of cancer vaccines with specified antigens, the use of whole tumor cell lysates in tumor immunotherapy would be a very promising approach that can overcome several significant obstacles in vaccine production. Whole tumor cells provide a broad source of tumor-associated antigens and can activate cytotoxic T lymphocytes and CD4+ T helper cells concurrently. On the other hand, as an effective immunotherapy strategy, recent investigations have shown that the multi-targeting of tumor cells with polyclonal antibodies, which are also more effective than monoclonal antibodies at mediating effector functions for target elimination, might minimize the escape variants.

Experimental approach:
We prepared polyclonal antibodies by immunizing rabbits with the highly invasive 4T1 breast cancer cell line.

Findings/Results:

In vitro investigation indicated that the immunized rabbit serum inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in target tumor cells. Moreover, in vivo analysis showed enhanced anti-tumor efficacy of whole tumor cell lysate in combination with tumor cell-immunized serum. This combination therapy proved beneficial in significant inhibition of the tumor growth and the established tumor was entirely eradicated in treated mice.

Conclusion and implications:
Serial intravenous injections of tumor cell immunized rabbit serum significantly inhibited tumor cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo in combination with whole tumor lysate. This platform could be a promising method for developing clinical-grade vaccines and open up the possibility of addressing the effectiveness and safety of cancer vaccines.
N-Acetylcysteine attenuated pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin via immunomodulation responses
Authors: Maghsadi Zahra , Azadmehr Abbas , Moghadamnia Ali Akbar , Feizi Farideh , Hamidi Negar 
Published: January 2023

Background and purpose:Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic and life-threatening interstitial lung disease. N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) is an antioxidant pharmaceutically available to reduce endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and fibrosis, however, the therapeutic effect of NAC on PF has not been clearly identified. This research aimed to investigate the possible therapeutic impact of NAC on PF induced by bleomycin in the rat model.Experimental approach:Rats received intraperitoneal injections of NAC at 150, 300, and 600 mg/kg for 28 days before bleomycin, while the positive and negative control groups were treated with bleomycin alone and normal saline, respectively. Then, rats’ lung tissues were isolated and leukocyte infiltration and also collagen deposition were evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin and Mallory trichrome stainings, respectively. In addition, the levels of IL-17, and TGF-β cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and hydroxyproline in homogenized lung tissues were assayed using the ELISA method.Findings/Results:Histological findings indicated that NAC decreased leukocyte infiltration, collagen deposition, and fibrosis score in the bleomycin-induced PF tissue. Moreover, NAC significantly reduced TGF-β and hydroxyproline levels at 300-600 mg/kg, as well as IL-17 cytokine at 600 mg/kg.Conclusion and implications:NAC showed a potential anti-fibrotic effect by reducing hydroxyproline and TGF-β as well as an anti-inflammatory effect by decreasing IL-17 cytokine. So, it may be administered as a prophylactic or therapeutic candidate agent to attenuate PFviaimmunomodulatory effects. Although, future studies are suggested.
Cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analysis of type-2 diabetes screening in pharmacies in Iran
Authors: Amirsadri Mohammadreza , Torkpour Elahe 
Published: January 2023

Background and purpose:
Several studies have shown the effectiveness of screening programs in decreasing the costs and disutility of type-2 diabetes and related complications. As there is a growth in the incidence of type-2 diabetes amongst the Iranian population, the cost-effectiveness of performing type-2 diabetes screening tests in community pharmacies of Iran was evaluated in this study from the payer’s perspective. The target population consisted of two hypothetical cohorts of 1000 people 40 years of age without a prior diagnosis of diabetes, for the intervention (screening test) and no-screening groups.

Experimental approach:
A Markov model was developed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of a type-2 diabetes screening test in community pharmacies in Iran. A 30-year time horizon was considered in the model. Three screening programs with 5-year intervals were considered for the intervention group. The evaluated outcomes were quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) for cost-utility-analysis and life-years-gained (LYG) for cost-effectiveness-analysis. To examine the robustness of the results, one-way and probabilistic-sensitivity analyses were applied to the model.

Findings/Results:
The screening test represented both more effects and higher costs. The incremental effects in the base-case scenario (no-discounting) were estimated to be 0.017 and 0.0004 (approximately 0) for QALYs and LYG, respectively. The incremental cost was estimated to be 2.87 USD/patient. The estimated incremental-cost-effectiveness ratio was 164.77 USD/QALY.

Conclusion and implications:
This study indicated that screening for type-2 diabetes in community pharmacies of Iran could be considered highly cost-effective, as it meets the WHO criteria of the annual GDP per capita ($2757 in 2020).
Effects of oleic acid and/or exercise on diet-induced thermogenesis and obesity in rats
Authors: Salama Abeer , Amin Mohamed M. , Hassan Azza 
Published: January 2023

Background and purpose:
Obesity is a public health problem and the existence of beige adipocytes has got interested as a potential therapeutic involvement for obesity and obesity-associated diseases. Adipose tissue M1 macrophage inhibition, also, has a vital role in obesity via down-regulating adipose tissue inflammation and the use of natural compounds such as oleic acid with exercise has been proposed. The present study aimed to evaluate the possible effects of oleic acid and exercise on diet-induced thermogenesis and obesity in rats.

Experimental approach:
Wister albino rats were categorized into six groups. Group I: normal control, group II: oleic acid group (9.8 mg/kg; orally), group III: high-fat diet (HFD), group IV: HFD plus oleic acid, group V: HFD plus exercise training, group VI: HFD plus exercise training and oleic acid.

Findings/Results:
Oleic acid administration and/or exercise significantly decreased body weight, TG, and cholesterol, as well as elevated HDL levels. Furthermore, oleic acid administration and/or exercise reduced serum MDA, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels, elevated the levels of GSH and irisin, increased the expression of UCP1, CD137, and CD206, and reduced CD11c expression.

Conclusion and implications:
Oleic acid supplementation and/or exercise could be used as therapeutic agents for treating obesity via its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, stimulation of beige adipocyte differentiation, and macrophage M1 inhibition.
Are there Neuropsychological Predictors for Response and Nonresponse in First-Episode Drug Naïve Patients with OCD? A 12 Weeks Interventional Study
Authors: Brar Jasmine , Sidana Ajeet , Chauhan Nidhi , Bajaj Manoj Kumar , Jaswal Sumeesha 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background:
Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common, chronic debilitating disorder. A detailed neuropsychological assessment at baseline might help us to identify the various neuropsychological predictors for response and nonresponse.

Aim:
The identification of neuropsychological predictors for response and nonresponse in patients with OCD.

Materials and Methods:
Patients with a diagnosis of OCD (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual 5th edition), first episode, and treatment naïve were evaluated for neuropsychological functioning with the National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences Neuropsychological Battery-2004, and the severity of OCD on the Yale-Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale (YBOCS). After baseline assessment, patients received either sertraline or fluvoxamine at a maximum tolerable therapeutic dose and were reassessed after 12 weeks for a response.

Results:
A total of 50 patients (25 in sertraline and 25 in the fluvoxamine group) were included in the 12 weeks study. The majority of the patients had adequate baseline neuropsychological functioning except for inadequacy in the category and verbal fluency, and the mean baseline total Y-BOCS score was 23.48 (standard deviation = 6.29). Out of 50 patients, 36 (72%) patients showed a response to the treatment. The correlation analysis showed that except for the N-1 hits variable, in the Verbal N Back test for working memory, which correlated significantly with a reduction in YBOCS score across 12 weeks, none of the other neuropsychological domain scores were correlated with the outcome.

Conclusion:
The index study concludes that working memory is significantly correlated with the response at 12 weeks. However, there are no other neuropsychological predictors for response and nonresponse in patients with OCD.
Recent advances in critical care: Part II
Authors: Gopal Palepu B. , Sivapurapu Vijayalakshmi , Nag Deb Sanjay , Bhatia Nidhi , Tandon Ruchi , Bhavar Tushar 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
With the increasing number of critically ill patients being admitted to intensive care units (ICUs), newer techniques and treatment modalities continue to evolve for their adequate management. Thus, it has become imperative to understand existing tools and resources, and utilise or repurpose them to achieve better results that can decrease morbidity and mortality. In this writeup, we chose five areas of interest, including analgosedation, role of colloids, recent advancements in the management of respiratory failure, the role of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and newer antimicrobials. The role of analgosedation in the critically ill has gained importance with focus on post-ICU syndromes, and albumin has re-entered the fray as a possible repairer of the injured glycocalyx. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic forced us to relook at various ventilator strategies and mechanical support for the failing circulation has now become more common with clear end-points. Rising microbial antibiotic resistance has opened up the research on newer antibiotics.
Recent advances in perioperative blood management
Authors: Krishna Handattu M. , Prasad Mukesh Kumar , Mitragotri Milon V. , Bipin G. I , Gupta Divya , Sharma Ridhima 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
Transfusion of blood and blood products has many adverse effects and should be done only if patient benefits outweigh the associated risks. Current understanding of blood transfusion has improved dramatically, revolutionising the care of surgical, trauma, obstetric and critically ill patients. Most guidelines advise a restrictive approach for stable patients with non-haemorrhagic anaemia for red blood cell transfusion. The rationale for red blood cell transfusion has historically been to improve oxygen transport capacity and consumption-related parameters in anaemic patients. Current understanding casts serious doubts about the true potential of red blood cell transfusions to improve these factors. There may not be any benefit from blood transfusion beyond a haemoglobin threshold of 7 g/dL. In fact, liberal transfusion may be associated with higher complications. Guideline-based transfusion policy should be adopted for the administration of all blood products including fresh frozen plasma, platelet concentrates and cryoprecipitate etc. This should be integrated with clinical judgement.
Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Hypertensive Disorders during Pregnancy
Authors: Kole Uma , Raddi Sudha , Dalal Anita 
Published: January 2023

Context:
Pregnancy is a physiological phenomenon, and each pregnancy is unique and valuable in its own way. Hypertensive diseases during pregnancy begin throughout pregnancy and disappear entirely after birth. Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP), including pregnancy-induced hypertension (HTN), chronic HTN (CHTN), (superimposed) preeclampsia, and eclampsia, are responsible for increased perinatal morbidity and mortality.
Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and perinatal effects in women with hypertensive disease during pregnancy.
Setting and Design: Hospital based cross section study was conducted on pregnant women.

Methods and Materials: A
hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out from September 2019 to August 2021 on women whose pregnancies were complicated by HTN disorders. Mothers of the baby suffering from systemic diseases were excluded from the study.
Statistical analysis used: Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was conducted.

Results:
In the present study results the prevalence of gestational HTN at 8.49%, preeclampsia at 18.10%, severe preeclampsia at 8.75%, and CHTN was 2.28%. It was shown that the prevalence of hypertensive disease is 38%. A significant difference was found between the maternal age group of mothers suffering from HTN disorders during pregnancy with mean gestational age in weeks F = 124.6477, P = 0.0001 at a 5% level. Furthermore, a significant statistical difference was observed with different maternal age groups having different mean Apgar scores at 1 min with F = 81.0233, P = 0.0001.

Conclusion:
Prenatal HTN is one of the leading causes of maternal and neonatal death. Despite having all of the resources and several government programs in both urban and rural areas, many women suffer from HDP in both locations (rural and urban). Hence, management, as well as awareness among pregnant women regarding hypertensive diseases in pregnancy, is required.
Analysis of Ankle Strength and Its Correlation with Jump Performance
Authors: Singh Amrinder , Kaur Ishneet , Sharma Monika , Shenoy Shweta , Sandhu Jaspal Singh 
Published: January 2023

Context:
Improved ankle joint muscular strength decreases the risk of ankle injury; thus, ankle joint muscular strength plays an important role in the prevention of ankle injuries.

Aims:
To assess the relationship between the peak muscle strength of plantar flexors and dorsiflexors and power of single leg hop jump.

Settings and Design:
The study design was a cross-sectional observational study. Athletes of university, state, and national levels aged 18–25 years were recruited from Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab for this study with mean ± standard deviation of age (20.08 ± 1.94 years), body weight (63.43 ± 10.23 kg), and height (170.67 ± 9.25 cm).

Methods and Materials:
Isokinetic dynamometer (Biodex Medical System Inc., Shirley, NY, USA) was used to determine ankle concentric isokinetic strength. The isokinetic strength of plantarflexors and dorsiflexors at speeds of 30° and 120°/s was measured for both legs and afterward single-leg hop jump performance was measured on the Kinematic Measurement System.
Statistical analysis used: Pearson correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between isokinetic muscle strength and jump performance.

Results:
The results showed a high correlation (0.6< | r |<0.8) between the strength of plantarflexors and power of single-leg hop jump and a moderate correlation (0.4< | r |<0.6) between the strength of dorsiflexors and power of single-leg hop jump.

Conclusions:
The measurement of peak plantarflexors muscle strength and peak dorsiflexors muscle strength is useful in clinical practice to improve jump performance in athletes training for sports such as volleyball and basketball.
Effect of Abdominal Binder on Constipation in the Early Puerperium Period
Authors: Bulbuli Ashwini , Dawadi Megina 
Published: January 2023

Context:
Constipation being one of the most common and exasperating postpartum problems in Female population, i.e., defined as a large bowel problem leading to pain while defecating, hard and lumpy stools resulting in strain, and a sense of incomplete evacuating. It impacts the quality of life of every individual.

Aim:
To investigate the effect of abdominal binder on constipation in early puerperium period.

Setting and design:
The department of OBG physiotherapy at KLE Hospital in Belagavi. Karnataka India did a pilot study.

Methods and Materials:
17 women between 19 and 35 years of age within the early puerperium period having constipation. The women reporting any chronic history of constipation and laxatives induced after the delivery were not included in the study. They were administered with the Modified Constipation Assessment Scale (MCAS), which rated them into mild, moderate, and severe constipation, and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), to rate the abdominal discomfort due to constipation. The binder was prescribed for 2 days. Both pre-.and post-intervention data were collected and were statistically analyzed to know the effect.

Statistical analysis used:
Parametric Paired sample t-test was used to compare the results.

Results:
According to Paired sample t-test, the difference between the values of pre- and post-treatment with a P <5% significance level (i.e. 0.002 < 0.05) on MCAS can be observed. Similarly, on VAS, the significant and reliable statistical differences on the pre-.and post-treatment values with P <5% significance level (i.e., 0.001 < 0.05) can be observed. Therefore, this study justifies the improvements in health outcome post-intervention.

Conclusion:
The study concluded that the abdominal binder has an effect on constipation within the early puerperium period. The binder also helps to relieve the abdominal discomfort as a result of constipation.