bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of mazes over time in Spanish heritage speakers in the US
Authors: Martinez-Nieto Lourdes , Moen Theresa , Pierce Melissa , Restrepo Maria Adelaida 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionMazes are linguistic disfluencies such as filled pauses, repetitions, or revisions of grammatical, phonological, or lexical aspects of words that do not contribute to the meaning of a sentence. Bilingual children are believed to increase the numbers of mazes in their native or heritage language, the minority language, as they become more proficient in the second language, the societal language. Mazes may increase over time in bilingual Spanish-speaking children as they become more proficient in English, the societal language in the United States. However, current studies have not been conducted longitudinally. Higher rates of mazes in the heritage language over time may be due to changes in language proficiency and differences in processing demands in the children as they use more complex language. Moreover, children with developmental language disorder (DLD) can also present higher rates of mazes than children with typical language. Heritage speakers, therefore, are at risk of being misdiagnosed with DLD due to high rates of mazes. Currently, we do not understand what the typical rates of mazes are as heritage speakers get older and become more proficient in the societal language. The current study examined the type and frequency of Spanish mazes longitudinally in a group of 22 Spanish heritage speakers with and without DLD and determined the changes over time.MethodsA total of 11 children with typical language development (TLD) and 11 with DLD participated in this 5-year longitudinal study. Using a wordless picture book, children completed a retelling task in Spanish during the spring of each academic year (PK to 3rd grade) as part of a 5-h testing battery. Narratives were transcribed and coded for types of mazes (filled pauses, repetitions, grammatical revisions, phonological revisions, and lexical revisions).Results and conclusionThe results of the study indicate that TLD children increased their overall percentage of mazed words and utterances. The opposite pattern was observed in the DLD group, which decreased their percentage of mazed words and utterances. In contrast, both groups demonstrated a decrease in repetitions in first grade and an increase in third grade. Additionally, the TLD and DLD children decreased in the percentage of fillers in first grade and then increased in the third grade. Results suggest that maze use is quite variable in heritage speakers and does not necessarily differentiate groups. Clinicians should not rely solely on mazes to determine ability status. In fact, high use of mazes can reflect typical language development.
Involving hard-to-reach populations is pivotal for the tailoring and implementation of an epidemiological study in cross-border communities of French Guiana and Suriname
Authors: Schaub Roxane , Ottevanger M. Sigrid Mac Donald , Harkisoen Soeradj , Pesna Béatrice , Duijves Celine , Heemskerk Marieke , Polime Thomas , Tuaillon Edouard , Vreden Stephen , Nacher Mathieu 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundHard-to-reach, vulnerable and cross-border populations are often disproportionately affected by communicable diseases. Epidemiological data on viral hepatitis in French Guiana and Suriname are available for urban areas, but not for remote communities. The Maroni River, which separates FG and Suriname, is home to Tribal and Indigenous communities. Reaching these populations is challenging due to logistical constraints, cultural and language barriers, and mistrust of outsiders.ObjectivesWe aimed to conduct an epidemiological study of viral hepatitis [Maroni Hepatites Virales (MaHeVi)] in this remote and complex area. Here, we describe the operational hurdles and solutions required to achieve this.MethodsWe undertook a preliminary assessment of the area with local community leaders and health workers to gain approval of MaHeVi, acceptance of blood sampling, and suggestions for adapting the study to cultural and logistical constraints. Anthropological assessments were conducted through focus groups and interviews with key individuals to assess knowledge, beliefs and risk factors for VH.ResultsMaHeVi was well received by the local communities. The approval of the community leaders was crucial for the implementation and acceptance of the study. The main adaptations were hiring community health mediators to overcome cultural and language differences, using blotting paper instead of venipuncture for logistical and acceptability reasons, and adapting communication materials.ConclusionCareful preparation and tailoring of the communication materials and research protocol have enabled the successful implementation of the study. This process could be replicated in this area and transferred to other complex contexts combining borders, logistical hurdles and populations requiring cultural adaptations.
Quantitative nanohistology of aging dermal collagen
Authors: Huang Sophia , Strange Adam , Maeva Anna , Siddiqui Samera , Bastien Phillipe , Aguayo Sebastian , Vaez Mina , Montagu-Pollock Hubert , Ghibaudo Marion , Potter Anne , Pageon Herve , Bozec Laurent 
Published: May 2023

The skin is the largest organ in the body and is essential for protecting us from environmental stressors such as UV radiation, pollution, and pathogens. As we age, our skin undergoes complex changes that can affect its function, appearance, and health. These changes result from intrinsic (chronological) and extrinsic (environmental) factors that can cause damage to the skin’s cells and extracellular matrix. As higher-resolution microscopical techniques, such as Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), are being deployed to support histology, it is possible to explore the biophysical properties of the dermal scaffold’s constituents, such as the collagen network. In this study, we demonstrate the use of our AFM-based quantitative nanohistology, performed directly on unfixed cryosections of 30 donors (female, Caucasian), to differentiate between dermal collagen from different age groups and anatomical sites. The initial 420 (10 × 10 μm2) Atomic Force Microscopy images were segmented into 42,000 (1 × 1 μm2) images before being classified according to four pre-defined empirical collagen structural biomarkers to quantify the structural heterogeneity of the dermal collagen. These markers include interfibrillar gap formation, undefined collagen structure, and registered or unregistered dense collagen fibrillar network with evident D-banding. The structural analysis was also complemented by extensive nanoindentation (∼1,000 curves) performed on individual fibrils from each section, yielding 30,000 indentation curves for this study. Principal Component Analysis was used to reduce the complexity of high-dimensional datasets. The % prevalence of the empirical collagen structural biomarkers between the papillary and reticular dermis for each section proves determinant in differentiating between the donors as a function of their age or the anatomical site (cheek or breast). A case of abnormal biological aging validated our markers and nanohistology approach. This case also highlighted the difference between chronological and biological aging regarding dermal collagen phenotyping. However, quantifying the impact of chronic and pathological conditions on the structure and function of collagen at the sub-micron level remains challenging and lengthy. By employing tools such as the Atomic Force Microscope as presented here, it is possible to start evaluating the complexity of the dermal matrix at the nanoscale and start identifying relevant collagen morphology which could be used toward histopathology standards.
Vestibular rehabilitation improves spontaneous nystagmus normalization in patients with acute unilateral vestibulopathy
Authors: Lacour Michel , Lopez Christophe , Thiry Alain , Tardivet Laurent 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionSpontaneous nystagmus (SN) can be observed after acute unilateral vestibulopathy (AUVP). The slow phase eye velocity of the SN progressively decreases in darkness as the result of rebalanced neurophysiological activity between both vestibular nuclei, a process that can take several months. Although this compensatory process can occur spontaneously, there is poor evidence that vestibular rehabilitation (VR) can facilitate the process.MethodsWe documented the natural time course of SN reduction in patients with AUVP, as well as the effects of VR by means of a unilateral rotation paradigm. In a retrospective study (Study 1: n = 126 AUVP patients), we compared the time course of the SN reduction in patients with VR (n = 33) and without VR (n = 93). In a prospective study (Study 2: n = 42 AUVP patients), we compared the effects of early VR (n = 22; initiated within the first two weeks of symptoms onset) or late VR (n = 20; initiated after the second week of symptoms onset) on the time course of the SN reduction.ResultsStudy 1 showed shorter median time of SN normalization in patients with VR compared to patients without VR (14 days and 90 days, respectively). Study 2 showed that AUVP patients with early and late VR had a similar median time of SN normalization. The SN slow phase eye velocity was significantly decreased as early as the end of the first VR session in both groups, and kept decreasing at each subsequent VR session. In the early VR group, 38% of the patients had slow phase eye velocity below 2°/s after the first VR session, 100% after the fifth session. Similar findings were observed in the late VR group.DiscussionTaken together, these results indicate that VR with a unidirectional rotation paradigm speeds up the normalization of SN. This effect seems independent of the time between symptoms onset and commencement of VR, but early intervention is recommended to speed up the SN reduction.
Is sustainable certification's ability to combat greenwashing trustworthy?
Authors: Nygaard Arne 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionCertifications are widely recognized as important tools in addressing climate change, safeguarding human rights, and promoting environmentally sustainable practices. However, this critical review article draws attention to potential negative impacts associated with certifications. The purpose of this review is to highlight the risks and challenges associated with certifications despite their intended benefits.MethodsThe review draws on existing literature on certifications and their impacts, as well as empirical studies on the effectiveness of certifications in addressing climate change, safeguarding human rights, and promoting environmentally sustainable practices.ResultsThe review finds that certifications can increase the perceived value of eco-friendly brands and consumer willingness to pay. However, the review also highlights the risks of greenwashing and free riding, which can undermine the intended benefits of certifications. Additionally, the institutional organization of certification systems may exhibit structural inertia, which may impede the integration of disruptive green technologies and market transitions.DiscussionThe potential negative impacts of certifications on addressing climate change, safeguarding human rights, and promoting environmentally sustainable practices should not be overlooked. It is essential to implement measures to mitigate the risks of eco-opportunism and to effectively combat greenwashing. The review suggests that certification systems should be designed to promote innovation and the adoption of new technologies, rather than being a barrier to change.ConclusionCertifications are important tools for addressing climate change, safeguarding human rights, and promoting environmentally sustainable practices. However, their potential negative impacts should be acknowledged and addressed. The review recommends implementing measures to mitigate the risks of eco-opportunism and to effectively combat greenwashing, while promoting innovation and the adoption of new technologies.
Comparison of CT-guided thoracic sympathetic nerve block and radiofrequency in the treatment of primary palmar hyperhidrosis
Authors: Zhang Li , Xu Shuang-shuang , Liu Xiao-lan , Zhao Wei , Ma Ying , Huang Bing 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundPrimary palmar hyperhidrosis (PPH) is a condition marked by an overactive secretion of the hand's exocrine glands and is frequently hereditary. The profuse sweating associated with this condition can significantly impair the patient's daily activities and quality of life.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to compared the benefits and drawbacks of thoracic sympathetic block and thoracic sympathetic radiofrequency in the treatment of PPH.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 69 patients. They were divided into groups A and B according to their treatment. Group A (34 cases) received CT-guided percutaneous thoracic sympathetic nerve chain anhydrous alcohol chemical damage block, and group B (35 cases) received CT-guided percutaneous thoracic sympathetic nerve chain radiofrequency thermocoagulation.ResultsPalmar sweating disappeared immediately after the operation. The recurrence rates at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months were 5.88% vs. 2.86% (P &gt; 0.05), 20.59% vs. 5.71% (P &gt; 0.05), 32.35% vs. 11.43% (P &lt; 0.05),32.35% vs. 11.43% (P &lt; 0.05), 25% vs. 14.71% (P &lt; 0.05), and 68.75% vs. 20.59% (P &lt; 0.05), respectively. The incidence of intercostal neuralgia and compensatory hyperhidrosis was higher in group A compared with of group B (52.94% vs. 22.86%, P &lt; 0.05; 55.88% vs. 22.86%, P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionBoth methods were found to be effective in treating PPH, but thoracic sympathetic radiofrequency had a longer-term effect, a lower recurrence rate, and a lower incidence of intercostal neuralgia and compensatory hyperhidrosis than a thoracic sympathetic block.
Integration of prolapsing technique and one-stitch method of ileostomy during laparoscopic low anterior resection for rectal cancer: a retrospective study
Authors: Li Xiangmin , Tian Min , Chen Jingbo , Liu Yulin , Tian Hu 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundProlapsing technique is a type of natural orifice specimen extraction surgery that can overcome the difficulty of precise transection of the distal rectum and subsequent anastomosis in a narrow pelvic space. Currently, protective ileostomy is widely utilized in low anterior resection for low rectal cancer, which may reduce the severe consequences caused by anastomotic leakage. The study aimed to combine the prolapsing technique with a one-stitch method of ileostomy and evaluate the surgical outcomes.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with low rectal cancer who underwent protective loop ileostomy in laparoscopic low anterior resection between January 2019 and December 2022. The patients were divided into prolapsing technique combined with the one-stitch method of ileostomy (PO) group and traditional method (TM) group, and the intraoperative details and early postoperative outcomes of the two groups were measured.ResultsA total of 70 patients met the inclusion criteria, including 30 patients who underwent PO and 40 patients who underwent the traditional procedure. The PO group had a shorter total operative time than the TM group (197.8 ± 43.4 vs. 218.3 ± 40.6 min, P = 0.047). The time of intestine function recovery in the PO group was shorter than that in the TM group (24.6 ± 3.8 vs. 32.7 ± 5.4 h, P &lt; 0.001). Compared with the TM group, the average VAS score was significantly lower in the PO group (P &lt; 0.001). The incidence of anastomotic leakage in the PO group was significantly lower than that in the TM group (P = 0.034). The operative time of loop ileostomy was 2.0 ± 0.6 min in the PO group, which was significantly less than 15.1 ± 2.9 min in the TM group. Skin irritation was observed in 2 patients in the PO group and 10 patients in the TM group; therefore, there was a significant difference (P = 0.044).ConclusionThis method is safe and feasible, which reduces the technical difficulty and achieves rapid postoperative recovery with few complications.
Patterns of cytokine release and association with new onset of post-cardiac surgery atrial fibrillation
Authors: Kota Rahul , Gemelli Marco , Dimagli Arnaldo , Suleiman Saadeh , Moscarelli Marco , Dong Tim , Angelini Gianni D. , Fudulu Daniel P. 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionPostoperative Atrial Fibrillation (POAF) is a common complication of cardiac surgery, associated with increased mortality, stroke risk, cardiac failure and prolonged hospital stay. Our study aimed to assess the patterns of release of systemic cytokines in patients with and without POAF.MethodsA post-hoc analysis of the Remote Ischemic Preconditioning (RIPC) trial, including 121 patients (93 males and 28 females, mean age of 68 years old) who underwent isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and aortic valve replacement (AVR). Mixed-effect models were used to analyze patterns of release of cytokines in POAF and non-AF patients. A logistic regression model was used to assess the effect of peak cytokine concentration (6 h after the aortic cross-clamp release) alongside other clinical predictors on the development of POAF.ResultsWe found no significant difference in the patterns of release of IL-6 (p = 0.52), IL-10 (p = 0.39), IL-8 (p = 0.20) and TNF-α (p = 0.55) between POAF and non-AF patients. Also, we found no significant predictive value in peak concentrations of IL-6 (p = 0.2), IL-8 (p = &gt;0.9), IL-10 (p = &gt;0.9) and Tumour Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α)(p = 0.6), however age and aortic cross-clamp time were significant predictors of POAF development across all models.ConclusionsOur study suggests no significant association exists between cytokine release patterns and the development of POAF. Age and Aortic Cross-clamp time were found to be significant predictors of POAF.
Damage Identification of Concrete Arch Dams Based on Wavelet Packets and Neural Networks
Authors: Si Zhihao , Pan Jianwu , Yang Xi 
Published: May 2023

A dam may be damaged by occasional extreme loads such as major earthquakes or terrorist attacks during its service. According to the needs of emergency assessment, this paper studies a rapid damage identification method for damage location and damage degree in concrete arch dams which is based on the dynamic characteristics of concrete arch dam data, using wavelet transform, wavelet packet decomposition, a BP neural network and D-S evidence theory for damage identification and related experimental verification. The results show that the relative difference of the curvature mode (δφk), the wavelet coefficient (Wfk) and the relative difference of the wavelet packet energy (δKk) can effectively identify the damage position of the arch dam, and δφk in the first four modalities has the best overall recognition effect; Wfk requires a high number of measurement points, which should be at least 64 or as close as possible; δKk has a better damage recognition effect than the first two at the same number of measurement points. D-S evidence theory significantly improves the damage identification effect and reduces the misjudgment of the single-damage method. The trained neural network can effectively identify the damage degree based on the data of one measuring point when there is a single damage instance, and the number of measuring points should be no fewer than two when there is double damage. The test results verify the feasibility of the method in this paper, which can provide a theoretical basis for a post-disaster emergency assessment information system of concrete arch dams.
Complete Biodegradation of Diclofenac by New Bacterial Strains: Postulated Pathways and Degrading Enzymes
Authors: Mohamed Mahmoud S. M. , Asair Ayan A. , Fetyan Nashwa A. H. , Elnagdy Sherif M. 
Published: May 2023

The accumulation of xenobiotic compounds in different environments interrupts the natural ecosystem and induces high toxicity in non-target organisms. Diclofenac is one of the commonly used pharmaceutical drugs that persist in the environment due to its low natural degradation rate and high toxicity. Therefore, this study aimed to isolate potential diclofenac-degrading bacteria, detect the intermediate metabolites formed, and determine the enzyme involved in the degradation process. Four bacterial isolates were selected based on their ability to utilize a high concentration of diclofenac (40 mg/L) as the sole carbon source. The growth conditions for diclofenac degradation were optimized, and bacteria were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa (S1), Alcaligenes aquatilis (S2), Achromobacter spanius (S11), and Achromobacter piechaudii (S18). The highest percentage of degradation was recorded (97.79 ± 0.84) after six days of incubation for A. spanius S11, as analyzed by HPLC. To detect and identify biodegradation metabolites, the GC-MS technique was conducted for the most efficient bacterial strains. In all tested isolates, the initial hydroxylation of diclofenac was detected. The cleavage step of the NH bridge between the aromatic rings and the subsequent cleavage of the ring adjacent to or in between the two hydroxyl groups of polyhydroxylated derivatives might be a key step that enables the complete biodegradation of diclofenac by A. piechaudii S18, as well as P. aeruginosa S1. Additionally, the laccase, peroxidase, and dioxygenase enzyme activities of the two Achromobacter strains, as well as P. aeruginosa S1, were tested in the presence and absence of diclofenac. The obtained results from this work are expected to be a useful reference for the development of effective detoxification bioprocesses utilizing bacterial cells as biocatalysts. The complete removal of pharmaceuticals from polluted water will stimulate water reuse, meeting the growing worldwide demand for clean and safe freshwater.
PENERAPAN CYBER CITY: TINGKAT KETERCAPAIAN DAN PENILAIAN MASYARAKAT DI KOTA CIMAHI
Authors: Saputra Isro , Munggaran Anugrah F.R. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRAK
Kota Cimahi memiliki permasalahan pada keterbatasan lahan untuk pengembangan kota, namun di sisi lain Kota Cimahi memiliki potensi sumber daya manusia (SDM) yang dapat mendorong Kota Cimahi untuk melakukan pengembangan dan penguasaan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi. Salah satu pengembangan yang dilakukan Kota Cimahi yaitu dengan menerapkan konsep cyber city, namun belum diketahui bentuk implementasi dan sosialisasinya terhadap masyarakat, serta belum diketahui bagaimana pencapaian dari konsep cyber city itu sendiri. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat ketercapaian dan penilaian masyarakat terhadap penerapan cyber city di Kota Cimahi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif, untuk mengetahui persepsi masyarakat (skala likert) dan hubungan (crosstab dan chi-square). Berdasarkan hasil analisis, diketahui bahwa konsep cyber city sudah tercapai dan persepsi masyarakat terhadap penerapan konsep cyber city saat ini sudah baik. Karakteristik masyarakat yang memiliki hubungan paling banyak dengan penilaian masyarakat tentang indikator dari variabel cyber city adalah komposisi tempat tinggal. Posisi tinggal masyarakat menentukan persepsi dan kecenderungan penilaian mereka terhadap indikator dan variabel cyber city.

Kata Kunci: Cyber City, Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi, Pelayanan Publik