bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics and impact of interventions to support healthcare providers’ compliance with guideline recommendations for breast cancer: a systematic literature review
Authors: Ricci-Cabello Ignacio , Carvallo-Castañeda Darla , Vásquez-Mejía Adrián , Alonso-Coello Pablo , Saz-Parkinson Zuleika , Parmelli Elena , Morgano Gian Paolo , Rigau David , Solà Ivan , Neamtiu Luciana , Niño-de-Guzmán Ena 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) offer evidence-based recommendations to improve quality of healthcare for patients. Suboptimal compliance with breast cancer guideline recommendations remains frequent, and has been associated with a decreased survival. The aim of this systematic review was to characterize and determine the impact of available interventions to support healthcare providers’ compliance with CPGs recommendations in breast cancer healthcare.

Methods
We searched for systematic reviews and primary studies in PubMed and Embase (from inception to May 2021). We included experimental and observational studies reporting on the use of interventions to support compliance with breast cancer CPGs. Eligibility assessment, data extraction and critical appraisal was conducted by one reviewer, and cross-checked by a second reviewer. Using the same approach, we synthesized the characteristics and the effects of the interventions by type of intervention (according to the EPOC taxonomy), and applied the GRADE framework to assess the certainty of evidence.

Results
We identified 35 primary studies reporting on 24 different interventions. Most frequently described interventions consisted in computerized decision support systems (12 studies); educational interventions (seven), audit and feedback (two), and multifaceted interventions (nine). There is low quality evidence that educational interventions targeted to healthcare professionals may improve compliance with recommendations concerning breast cancer screening, diagnosis and treatment. There is moderate quality evidence that reminder systems for healthcare professionals improve compliance with recommendations concerning breast cancer screening. There is low quality evidence that multifaceted interventions may improve compliance with recommendations concerning breast cancer screening. The effectiveness of the remaining types of interventions identified have not been evaluated with appropriate study designs for such purpose. There is very limited data on the costs of implementing these interventions.

Conclusions
Different types of interventions to support compliance with breast cancer CPGs recommendations are available, and most of them show positive effects. More robust trials are needed to strengthen the available evidence base concerning their efficacy. Gathering data on the costs of implementing the proposed interventions is needed to inform decisions about their widespread implementation.

Trial registration
CRD42018092884 (PROSPERO)
Cancer cachexia: molecular mechanisms and treatment strategies
Authors: Setiawan Tania , Sari Ita Novita , Wijaya Yoseph Toni , Julianto Nadya Marcelina , Muhammad Jabir Aliyu , Lee Hyeok , Chae Ji Heon , Kwon Hyog Young 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMuscle wasting is a consequence of physiological changes or a pathology characterized by increased catabolic activity that leads to progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength. Numerous diseases, including cancer, organ failure, infection, and aging-associated diseases, are associated with muscle wasting. Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome characterized by loss of skeletal muscle mass, with or without the loss of fat mass, resulting in functional impairment and reduced quality of life. It is caused by the upregulation of systemic inflammation and catabolic stimuli, leading to inhibition of protein synthesis and enhancement of muscle catabolism. Here, we summarize the complex molecular networks that regulate muscle mass and function. Moreover, we describe complex multi-organ roles in cancer cachexia. Although cachexia is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths, there are still no approved drugs for cancer cachexia. Thus, we compiled recent ongoing pre-clinical and clinical trials and further discussed potential therapeutic approaches for cancer cachexia.
The applications of CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing in genetic hearing loss
Authors: Wu Junhao , Tao Yong , Deng Di , Meng Zhaoli , Zhao Yu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHearing loss (HL) can be caused by a number of different genetic factors. Non-syndromic HL refers that HL occurs as an isolated symptom in an individual, whereas syndromic HL refers that HL is associated with other symptoms or abnormalities. To date, more than 140 genes have been identified as being associated with non-syndromic HL, and approximately 400 genetic syndromes can include HL as one of the clinical symptoms. However, no gene therapeutic approaches are currently available to restore or improve hearing. Therefore, there is an urgent necessity to elucidate the possible pathogenesis of specific mutations in HL-associated genes and to investigate the promising therapeutic strategies for genetic HL. The development of the CRISPR/Cas system has revolutionized the field of genome engineering, which has become an efficacious and cost-effective tool to foster genetic HL research. Moreover, several in vivo studies have demonstrated the therapeutic efficacy of the CRISPR/Cas-mediated treatments for specific genetic HL. In this review, we briefly introduce the progress in CRISPR/Cas technique as well as the understanding of genetic HL, and then we detail the recent achievements of CRISPR/Cas technique in disease modeling and therapeutic strategies for genetic HL. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges for the application of CRISPR/Cas technique in future clinical treatments.
Fear of progression among postoperative patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer: a cross-sectional survey in China
Authors: Chen Ruiyun , Yang Hui , Zhang Hongmei , Chen Jingru , Liu Saisai , Wei Li 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
More lung cancer cases are becoming diagnosed earlier in recent years. The diagnosis is often accompanied by fear of progression (FoP). There is a clear research gap in the existing literature on FoP and the most frequent concerns in newly diagnosed lung cancer patients.

Objective
To identify the status and factors related to FoP in newly diagnosed Chinese lung cancer patients undergoing thoracoscopic lung cancer resection.

Methods
A cross-sectional design with convenience sampling was used in this study. Participants (N = 188) with newly diagnosed lung cancer (≤ 6 months) at one hospital in Zhengzhou were recruited. A demographic questionnaire, Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form, Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, and Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire were used to assess characteristics, FoP, social support, coping style, and patient illness perceptions. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with FoP.

Results
The mean score of FoP was 35.39 ± 8.03. There are 56.4% of the patients (scores ≥ 34) have a clinically dysfunctional level of FoP. FoP was higher in young (18–39 years) than middle-aged patients (40–59 years) and elderly patients (≧60 years) (P = 0.004). Patients aged 40–59 years showed significantly higher fear of family-related concerns (P < 0.001), a fear of potential harm from medications (P = 0.001); Patients aged 18–39 years and 40–59 years showed significantly higher fears of work-related concerns (P = 0.012). Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that patients’ age, the time from surgery and SSRS score were found to be independently associated with higher FoP.

Conclusions
High FoP is a frequently reported problem among newly diagnosed lung cancer patients, especially those less than 60 years old. Professional psychoeducation, psychological interventions, and personalized support are needed for patients with a high FoP.
Impact of nutritional and educational support on home enteral nutrition
Authors: Madrid-Paredes Adela , Leyva-Martínez Socorro , Ávila-Rubio Verónica , Molina-Soria Juan Bautista , Sorribes-Carrera Patricia , Yeste-Doblas Carmen , López-Medina José Antonio , Luna-López Victoria Eugenia , Fernández-Soto María Luisa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundHome Enteral Nutrition (HEN) is used to prevent or correct malnutrition in outpatients. Due to the complexity of this process, the indication, follow-up, and results of an educational program of HEN patients was evaluated.MethodsA prospective, observational, real-life, multicenter study was performed in 21 Spanish Hospital. Patients receiving HEN by nasogastric tube or ostomy were included. The following variables were collected: age, gender, HEN indication, type of formula, nutritional requirements, laboratory variables, complications, and quality standards of the educational program. To calculate the energy and protein requirements, the FAO/WHO/UNU formula was used considering the adjusted weight of the patients. All data were analyzed using SPSS.24.Results414 patients were included. Most conditions diagnosed were neurodegenerative diseases (64.8%). 100 (25.3%) were diabetic. The mean weight was 59.3 ± 10.4 kg and BMI 22.6 ± 3.2. Moderate protein-calorie malnutrition was predominant at baseline (46.4%). Improvement in nutritional status at six months was recorded in more than 75% of patients (p < 0.05). Tolerance problems, diarrhea and abdominal distension fell between the 3- and 6-month visits (p < 0.05). Patients who received intermittent EN had fewer tolerance-related effects (OR 0.042; 95% CI 0.006–0.279) and less diarrhoea (OR 0.042; 95% CI 0.006–0.279). At the baseline and 6-month visits, compliance with the educational measures proposed by the prescriber was ≥ 99%.ConclusionThe nutritional assessment to prescribe individualized HEN to each patient, together with educational measures and training in the proper use of this treatment for both patients and trainers, improves nutritional status and reduces the onset of adverse events.
An evaluation of the governance structure of marine services in South Africa’s ports system
Authors: Mthembu Sphiwe Eugene , Chasomeris Mihalis 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPort governance structures are a vital factor impacting port investments, efficiencies, effectiveness and productivity. An important determining factor is the port management and whether it is centralized under the national government as a State-Owned Enterprise (SOE), decentralized to the municipal level, or alternatively privatized. Reforms in port management indicate that ports either subscribe to a public service port, tool port, landlord port or private port approach. Several inefficiencies exist in the governance, pricing and performance of marine services in South Africa. This study aims to evaluate the governance structure of marine services in South Africa’s ports. The research methodology included observations, a focus group with six participants and semi-structured interviews with twenty participants that included port managers, harbour masters, port experts, port agents, terminal operators, and cargo owners. The main findings confirmed the need for the participation of private service providers in the provision of marine services in South Africa’s ports and additional regulations on marine services to advance investment, performance and protection of port users. Although there is a need for private sector participation in the provision of marine services in South Africa’s ports, participation should enhance the country’s economic and developmental agenda, including job creation, investment in infrastructure, improved service provision and transforming the ports system.
Potential of parasitoids to control Diaspis echinocacti (Bouché) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) on Opuntia spp. cactus pear
Authors: El Aalaoui Mohamed , Sbaghi Mohamed 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Diaspis echinocacti (Bouché) is a major pest of cactus pear species worldwide. Over the past three years, this scale insect has seen increasing interest regarding its spread and importance, as well as the efficacy of its primary parasitoids Aphytis debachi Azim, and Plagiomerus diaspidis Crawford, as biocontrol agents. Infestation of cactus pear plants by D. echinocacti and parasitism rates of its two parasitoids were evaluated in fields in Zemamra-Morocco, for three years (2020–2022). Infested cladodes were collected and incubated in the laboratory (27 ± 1 °C) for parasitism study.

Results
Infestation of cactus pear plants by the cochineal increased continuously during the study period to reach 66% in 2022. Parasitism rates were lowest in 2020 and increased thereafter to 74.10 and 38.38% in 2022 for P. diaspidis, and A. debachi, respectively. The most abundant parasitoid was P. diaspidis. The functional response and mutual interference of P. diaspidis and A. debachi attacking D. echinocacti second instar nymphs were studied in the laboratory. Logistic regression for both parasitoids tested had a negative linear parameter indicating a type II functional response. Attack rates were 0.73 and 0.60 and handling times were 0.09 and 0.06 h for P. diaspidis and A. debachi, respectively, were estimated using Holling's disk equation. Search efficiency decreased significantly from 0.060 to 0.002 for P. diaspidis and from 0.067 to 0.003 for A. debachi when the parasitoids density increased from 1 to 8.

Conclusions
Parasitism potential, functional response and mutual interference of P. diaspidis and A. debachi attacking D. echinocacti were reported. The results of this investigation suggest that both P. diaspidis and A. debachi had the potential to effectively control infestations of D. echinocacti on cactus pear plantations.
Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease in a post-COVID-19 patient: did SARS-CoV-2 accelerate the neurodegeneration?
Authors: Alloush Taha K. , Alloush Adel T. , Abdelazeem Yaser , Shokri Hossam M. , Abdulghani Khaled O. , Elzoghby Ahmed 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare, fatal neurodegenerative disorder, with few months as a usual duration from onset to death.

Case presentation
In this case report, a patient of Sporadic CJD (sCJD) who presented one month after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The diagnosis of this case was established after confirming findings from clinical, neurophysiology, radiological, and laboratory features of this disease.

Conclusion
Putting in mind all the updated data on the pathogenesis of CJD and the immune responses to SARS-CoV-2, we can suggest that COVID-19 can lead to accelerated pathogenesis and exaggerated manifestations of this fatal neurodegenerative disease.
Neurosurgical sports injury (an established unit)
Authors: Abouhashem Safwat 
Published: May 2023

AbstractManagement of Sports-related injuries have long been recognized and reported to improve medical care for sports-related injuries as well as improve athletes’ health, fitness, safety, and well-being. Various anatomical regions are affected by sports activities involving the head and spine, which account for 9.4% and 8–15% of total sports injuries, respectively. Furthermore, sports-related brain injuries have been associated with a 3% mortality rate following hospitalization. Neurosurgery is the medical discipline with the greatest experience in dealing with brain and spinal damage, as all patients who report to the emergency room with head injuries are treated by neurosurgeons. There are also numerous cases of acute and chronic spinal abnormalities that are common in athletes of all ages and ability levels. The frequency of sports-related spinal and brain injuries is expected to rise as the number of individuals participating in sports activities, whether professionally or recreationally, grows. As a result, the neurosurgeon's role is projected to grow over time, covering not only hospital treatment and management of sports-related head, spine, and peripheral nerve injuries but also on-field assessment and sideline medical team, as well as participation in sports injury research. Sport neurosurgeons have more to contribute in both clinical care and research to the field of sports medicine. This role could include not only hospital care and management of sports-related head, spine, and peripheral nerve injuries, but also on-field assessment and sideline care of athletes, as well as a significant role in sports injury research. The purpose of this literature is to provide an overview of sport-specific neurosurgical injuries and treatment, and outcomes and to identify who is a sports neurosurgeons and why do they exist? Traumatic brain injuries, spinal injuries, peripheral nerve injuries, and neurological diseases that are more likely to get worse during sports seem to be examples of sports-related neurosurgical injuries. Neurosurgeons and the neurosurgical community should be concerned about the growing knowledge and evolution in the field of sports medicine, and they should embrace significant advances in our understanding of sports-related neurological syndromes, as well as sports neurosurgery should be considered as an individualized aspect of neurological surgery.
Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI and Apparent diffusion coefficient mapping in the characterization of Palpable breast lesions: A prospective observational study
Authors: Boruah Deb K. , Konwar Nitashree , Gogoi Bidyut B. , Hazarika Karuna , Ahmed Halimuddin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Breast MRI is the imaging modality of choice in patients with palpable breast lesions unequivocal on mammography and ultrasonography. This study aims to evaluate the role of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) and apparent diffusion coefficient mapping in the characterization and differentiation of various palpable breast lesions. This prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital between July 2019 and June 2021. Sixty-six patients with palpable breast lesions were undergone MRI scans of the breasts. The various palpable breast lesions were categorized according to the 5th edition BI-RADS lexicon. The sensitivity of ADC mapping and DCE-MRI was determined for differentiation of various palpable breast lesions according to the BI-RADS category and gold standard histopathological findings.

Results
Of 66 patients with palpable breast lesions, 36 patients (54.5%) were benign and 30 patients (45.5%) were malignant lesions. Malignant palpable breast lesions had a mean ADC value of 0.939 ± 0.166[SD] × 10−3 mm2/s, and benign lesions had 1.891 ± 0.524[SD] × 10−3 mm2/s where unpaired Student t-test showed statistically significant difference of P value 0.0005. BI-RADS 2 lesions had a mean ADC value of 2.056 ± 0.471[SD] × 10−3 mm2/s, BI-RADS 3 had 1.314 ± 0.151[SD] × 10−3 mm2/s, BI-RADS 4 had 0.935 ± 0.119[SD] × 10−3 mm2/s, and BI-RADS 5 had 0.930 ± 0.943[SD] × 10−3 mm2/s. BI-RADS 2 category showed optimal cutoff mean ADC of 1.508 × 10−3 mm2/s with a sensitivity of 85.7% and specificity of 94.7%, BI-RADS 3 lesions had 1.208 × 10−3 mm2/s with a sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 55.2%, BI-RADS 4 lesions had 1.064 × 10−3 mm2/s with a sensitivity 80% and specificity of 67.9%, and BI-RADS 5 lesions had 1.013 × 10−3 mm2/s with a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 82.6%.

Conclusions
Breast MRI is superior to the other imaging modalities for the characterization and differentiation of various palpable breast lesions. The combined use of ADC mapping and DCE-MRI had more sensitivity than conventional MRI, ADC mapping or DCE-MRI alone.
OLD ENGLISH LEXEME ÆÐELING IN THE GLOSSARIES AND IN THE TEXT OF THE POEM BEOWULF
Authors: Krupina Ekaterina A. 
Published: May 2023

Background. The Old English poem Beowulf is one of the samples of the Anglo-Saxon poetic tradition and the culture. This work keeps secrets that attract attention of culture experts, historians, linguists, including lexicographers. The 19th century became a starting point for making dictionaries to this poem. Both dictionaries as the text can be a valuable source of information about semantic scope of lexical items.
Purpose. The article considers the semantic scope and the shades of the meaning of the Old English æðeling.
Materials and methods. The research material comprises the text of the Old English poem Beowulf, unindependent glossaries by J. Kemble 1837, B. Thorpe 1855, W.J. Sedgefield 1913, F. Klaeber 1950, A. Wyatt 1898, the glossaries to online projects Beowulf on Steorarume, Gutenberg. The continuous sampling, contextual analysis, dictionary criticism methods were used.
Results. The article considers the etymology of the Old English lexeme æðeling, and its etymological parallel lines. On the basis of the text examples the meaning of the noun and the shades of the meaning were determined. They are “king”, “noble man”, “warrior”, “descendants of noble and glorious”, “weak man”, “bold man”, “noble kinsman”. The analysis of the dictionary entries proves the wide semantic meaning and the shades of the meaning of the noun. The dynamics of the development of the definition in the dictionaries of the 19-21th centuries is also fixed.
Practical implications. The results of the research can be used in teaching students History of the English Language. Also, they can be used for replenishing the dictionaries to the Old English poem Beowulf.
A Semismooth Newton-Type Method for the Nearest Doubly Stochastic Matrix Problem
Authors: Hu Hao , Li Xinxin , Im Haesol , Wolkowicz Henry 
Published: May 2023

We study a semismooth Newton-type method for the nearest doubly stochastic matrix problem where the nonsingularity of the Jacobian can fail. The optimality conditions for this problem are formulated as a system of strongly semismooth functions. We show that the nonsingularity of the Jacobian does not hold for this system. By exploiting the problem structure, we construct a modified two step semismooth Newton method that guarantees a nonsingular Jacobian matrix at each iteration, and that converges to the nearest doubly stochastic matrix quadratically. Funding: This work was supported by Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology. The research of H. Hu, H. Im, and H. Wolkowocz was supported by The Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. The research of X. Li was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [No. 11601183] and Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientist of Jilin Province [No. 20180520212JH].
Disseminated necrotic suppurative ulcers as a manifestation of cocaine abuse
Authors: García Tellado Álex , Lasa Teja Carmen , Rodríguez Vidriales María , De la Fuente Vázquez Mercedes , Marín Oliván Patricia , Arnaiz Las Revillas Almajano Francisco 
Published: May 2023

Introduction/Aims/Background: Pyoderma gangrenosum is an immune-mediated illness that can be caused by several affections, such as inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and drug use. We present a rare case of pyoderma gangrenosum induced by levamisole-adulterated cocaine. There have been few cases of this disease reported in the world. Levamisole is an anthelmintic drug used to adulterate cocaine to boost its effect. It also has immune-modulating effects causing, among others, vasculitis and dermatological problems. Materials and Methods: Clinical case of a 46-year-old man admitted to the hospital University Marqués de Valdecilla in Santander, Spain, in August 2022. We diagnosed pyoderma gangrenosum based on clinical, analytical, and histological parameters. Results: We report a case of pyoderma gangrenosum induced by consumption of levamisole-adulterated cocaine. Discussion: This patient suffered from a rare and extensive immune-mediated affection with characteristic primary lesions in the form of suppurative ulcers that responded to immunosuppressive treatment. Behind pyoderma gangrenosum there may be underlying conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, or pyoderma gangrenosum may be secondary to identifiable causes such as cocaine use as in this patient.