bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nomogram for predicting the preoperative lymph nodes metastasis in resectable pancreatic cancer
Authors: Cheng Hao , Xu Jin-Hong , Kang Xiao-Hong , Liu Xiao-Mei , Wang Hai-Feng , Wang Zhi-Xia , Pan Hao-Qi , Zhang Qing-Qin , Xu Xue-Lian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is a critical prognostic factor in resectable pancreatic cancer (PC) patients, determining treatment strategies. This study aimed to develop a clinical model to adequately and accurately predict the risk of LNM in PC patients. Methods 13200 resectable PC patients were enrolled from the SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results) database, and randomly divided into a training group and an internal validation group at a ratio of 7:3. An independent group (n = 62) obtained from The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University was enrolled as the external validation group. The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to screen independent risk factors for LNM. The minimum Akaike’s information criterion (AIC) was performed to select the optimal model parameters and construct a nomogram for assessing the risk of LNM. The performance of the nomogram was assessed by the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve, calibration plot, and decision curve analysis (DCA). In addition, an online web calculator was designed to assess the risk of LNM. Result A total of six risk predictors (including age at diagnosis, race, primary site, grade, histology, and T-stage) were identified and included in the nomogram. The areas under the curves (AUCs) [95% confidential interval (CI)] were 0.711 (95%CI: 0.700-0.722), 0.700 (95%CI: 0.683–0.717), and 0.845 (95%CI: 0.749–0.942) in the training, internal validation and external validation groups, respectively. The calibration curves showed satisfied consistency between nomogram-predicted LNM and actual observed LNM. The concordance indexes (C-indexes) in the training, internal, and external validation sets were 0.689, 0.686, and 0.752, respectively. The DCA curves of the nomogram demonstrated good clinical utility. Conclusion We constructed a nomogram model for predicting LNM in pancreatic cancer patients, which may help oncologists and surgeons to choose more individualized clinical treatment strategies and make better clinical decisions.
The Role of Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention: A Review with Emphasis
on Baicalein, Fisetin, and Biochanin A
Authors: Rais Juhi , Khan Habiba , Arshad Mohd. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Cancer is a disease in which repeated rounds of mutations cause uncontrolled growth of cells, which prospers at the expense of their neighbor cells and then eventually leads to the destruc-tion of the whole cellular community. Chemopreventive drugs either prevent DNA damage, which results in malignancy, or they stop or reverse the division of premalignant cells with DNA damage, which inhibits the growth of cancer. There is an obvious need for an alternate strategy given the on-going rise in cancer incidence, the ineffectiveness of traditional chemotherapies to control cancer, and the excessive toxicity of chemotherapies. From antiquity to date, the saga of the usage of plants as medicine has been the mainstay among people worldwide. In recent years, extensive studies have been conducted on medicinal plants, spices, and nutraceuticals, as these have gained much populari-ty in reducing the risk of several cancer types in humans. Extensive studies on cell culture systems and animal models have demonstrated that various medicinal plants and nutraceuticals from various natural resources and their products, such as major polyphenolic constituents, flavones, flavonoids, antioxidants, etc, provide considerable protection against many cancer types. As shown in the litera-tures, the major aim of studies conducted is to develop preventive/therapeutic agents which can in-duce apoptosis in cancer cells without affecting normal cells. Projects are going on worldwide to find better ways to eradicate the disease. The study of phytomedicines has shed new light on this topic as research to date has proven that they have antiproliferative and apoptotic capabilities that will aid in the development of novel cancer prevention options. Dietary substances, such as Bai-calein, Fisetin, and Biochanin A have shown that they have an inhibitory effect on cancer cells, suggesting that they may work as chemopreventive agents. This review discusses the chemopreven-tive and anticancer mechanisms of such reported natural compounds.
New Strategies in the Chemical Control of Fusarium oxysporum Using
Synthetic Bioisosteres of Secondary Metabolites: A Review of the Synthetic
Methods for Novel Compounds with Potential Antifungal Activity
Authors: Borrego-Muñoz Paola , Coy-Barrera Ericsson , Quiroga Diego 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
One of the main problems affecting the world is food scarcity which is occasioned by different
causes, including difficult climatic conditions, economic and technical limitations, infrastructure
and transportation, food safety and insecurity, and diseases caused by microorganisms (phytopathogens)
such as Fusarium oxysporum whose damage triggers a series of irreversible effects on
several crops, causing economic losses worldwide. Given the complexity that the chemical control of
phytopathogens represents, various investigations have been refocused on exploring new biomimetic
actions that lead to synthesizing new compounds with potential antifungal activity. In addition, computational
chemistry and chemoinformatics tools (molecular docking and molecular dynamics) make
it possible to understand and often predict these compounds' mechanisms of action, thereby formulating
Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) models. These strategies have established an
important advance in designing new molecules capable of inhibiting pathogens from a rational development
of antifungal compounds. This article reviewed the novel synthetic bioisosteres of secondary
metabolites biologically active against Fusarium oxysporum, their synthetic protocols, and the strategies
implemented for its control. The most innovative examples of this class of active organic compounds
are presented, such as N,S-dialkyl dithiocarbamates, Schiff bases, N-alkyl substituted amides,
and several heterocyclic systems with potential antifungal activity. Likewise, the use of computational
tools is discussed, showing how these results can conduce to the design of new antifungal agents.
Antidiabetic Effects of Genistein: Mechanism of Action
Authors: Abbasi Ebrahim , Khodadadi Iraj 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease recognized by abnormal glucose level due to defects
in insulin action, insulin secretion, or both. Administration of soybean and isoflavones are accompanied
by a lower risk of diabetes. The present review analyzed the previous published papers related to genistein.
This isoflavone, which has been used for the prevention of some chronic diseases can inhibit hepatic
glucose production, increase β-cell proliferation, reduce β-cell apoptosis, and show potential antioxidant
and anti-diabetic effects. Therefore, genistein may be useful in the management of diabetes. The beneficial
effects of this isoflavone on metabolic syndrome, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and cancer
have been reported in animal and human studies. Moreover, genistein reduces hepatic glucose production,
normalizes hyperglycemia, and gut microbiota and exhibits potential anti-oxidative, anti-apoptotic,
and hypolipidemic effects. However, studies on the underlying mechanisms of the action of genistein are
very limited. Therefore, the present study reviews multifaceted aspects of genistein to reveal a possible
anti-diabetic mechanism of this agent. Genistein by regulating several signaling pathways can be used for
the prevention and management of diabetes.
Pumpkin Seeds (Cucurbita spp.) as a Nutraceutical Used In Various Lifestyle
Disorders
Authors: Wal Ankita , Singh Manju Rawat , Gupta Arpit , Rathore Shruti , Rout Rupali Rupasmita , Wal Pranay 
Published: May 2023

Background:
The pumpkin, a very well-edible plant that is a member of the Cucurbitaceae family, has long been utilised as a functional food and an herbal remedy. Pumpkins include a wealth of phytoestrogens, unsaturated fatty acids, and vitamin E in their seeds that may have medicinal, nutritional, and cosmetic benefits. In recent years, knowledge of the nutritional benefits and medicinal uses of pumpkin seeds has grown significantly. An abundant source of nutrients and a well-known multipurpose food, pumpkin has recently given scientists fresh insights. Primary and secondary metabolites, such as carbohydrates, proteins, monounsaturated fatty acids, poly saturated fatty acids, carotenoids, tocopherols, tryptophan, delta-7-sterols, & numerous other phytochemicals, are abundant in the pumpkin fruit, including the meat, seed, and peel.

Objective:
In this review, the nutraceutical importance of pumpkin's seed anti-diabetic, hypoglycemic, cardiovascular preventive and anti-cancer effects are explored along with the nutraceutical effects of anti-depressants, anti-helminthic and anti-oxidants effects are involved.

Methods:
A comprehensive analysis of the literature search was conducted. A number of databases have been searched using the common terms "pumpkin,", "pumpkin seeds", "cucurbita,", "functional food", "phenolic compounds", "minerals,", and "phytochemicals" using PubMed and Google Scholar as search engines. The content was based on information from publications like Bentham Science, Elsevier, Taylor & Francis, Nature, Plos One, etc. We have focused on the review and research papers published between 2000 and 2023.

Result:
Meanwhile, some research gaps on the biological activities of pumpkin seeds and their potential as a functional food element have been discovered in the current literature. The pharmacokinetics of Pumpkin seeds bioactives and the characterization and identification of functional molecules have received very little attention in the literature. It is necessary to conduct more studies to connect the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of Pumpkin seeds.

Conclusion:
The therapeutic benefits of pumpkin seeds & the potential disease-preventing mechanisms are updated in this review article, also on the chemical make-up, nutritional value, phytochemical research, pharmacological characteristics, bioavailability, food use, & industrial applications of pumpkin.
The Antimicrobial Activity of Cu/CuxO Composites Synthesized by Thermal Oxidation of Copper Tablets
Authors: Kayed Kamal , Mansour Ghaytha , Alsoki Esaaf 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
One of common bacteria is Staphylococcus aureus, which is a gram- positive, coagulasepositive,
golden color in culture. That causes a wide range of clinical infections, resistance to β-lactam antibiotics.

Objectives:
In this paper, we investigate the ability of copper nanoparticles in Cu/CuxO composites to inhibit
Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and the effect of oxidation temperature on the inhibition efficacy.

Methods:
Cu/CuxO composites were synthesized on the surfaces of copper samples by thermal oxidation of copper
pressed tablets at various temperatures. The optical reflectivity spectra of the Cu/CuxO composites were measured.
The edges of the plasma in these spectra were observed in the range 526-600 nm. In order to verify the antibacterial
behavior of these composites, inhibition zone tests were realized for Staphylococcus aureus.

Results:
The results showed that, the widest zone of inhibition was for the treated sample at temperature 100°C. In
addition, we found that the thermal oxidation reduces the ability of copper nanoparticles to inhibit bacteria.

Conclusions:
The results we obtained are summarized in the following points: 1) Thermal oxidation reduces the
reflectivity of copper samples. 2) The plasma edge increases with the increase in the oxidation temperature. 3) Increasing
the oxidation temperature leads to a decrease in bacterial inhibition rates
Development of historical immersive learning media to strengthening Pancasila Student Profiles in vocational high school
Authors: Nugroho Alifi Nur Prasetia 
Published: May 2023

This study aims to develop historical immersive learning media to improve the Pancasila student profiles in Vocational High Schools (SMK) in Indonesia. This research and development use ADDIE's research steps method (analyze, design, develop, implement, and evaluate). The results show that immersive learning media can enhance the understanding and appreciation of Pancasila values among SMK students. The media effectively stimulates students' interest in history and encourages them to apply Pancasila values daily. The study concludes that immersive learning media can potentially strengthen the Pancasila student profiles and promote the development of responsible, tolerant, and patriotic citizens in Indonesia. The result of media tests on vocational students obtained satisfactory results, with the average overall score reaching 4.25 or in the category of "Very Decent." The findings suggest that implementing immersive learning media in SMKs should be encouraged and supported by policymakers, educators, and other stakeholders in the education sector.
The Effects of Online Access to General Practice Medical Records Perceived by Patients: Longitudinal Survey Study
Authors: Thielmann Rosa R L C , Hoving Ciska , Cals Jochen W L , Crutzen Rik 
Published: May 2023

Background
Patient online access to medical records is assumed to facilitate patient empowerment and advance patient-centered health care. However, to date, the actual effects of online access to medical records perceived by patients and other outcomes are insufficiently empirically tested.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the effects of online access to medical records on patient empowerment, informed decision-making, and the patient-provider relationship perceived by patients.

Methods
A nationwide, 2-wave, longitudinal survey study was conducted among Dutch adults (N=2402). Linear regression analyses were performed. In model 1, the perceived effects of online access to medical records (measured at T1 [first measurement; July 2021]) on 16 outcomes (measured at T2 [second measurement; January 2022]), which were associated with the use of online access to general practice medical records in previous research, were investigated. Model 2 included sociodemographic factors and patient characteristics as confounders.

Results
Users indicated more strongly than nonusers that online access to medical records would increase their participation in health care, improve the relationship with their general practitioner, and support informed decision-making. These results were robust when adjusted for the influence of confounders. Effect sizes were very small, with unstandardized regression coefficients (B) ranging between −0.39 and 0.28. Higher digital and health literacy were associated with higher ratings of almost all effects.

Conclusions
Online access to medical records has the potential to empower patients and foster informed decision-making among patients. The effects in this study were small but might grow over time. Other factors, such as the attitude of general practitioners toward online access to medical records, might moderate these effects. The results indicate that the potential benefits of online access to medical records might be unevenly distributed. We suggest future exploration of the conditions under which online access to medical records can improve health care system functioning and efficiency without increasing health inequality.
Dam Break Analysis of Sermo Dam
Authors: Sumira Maria , Anggraheni Evi , Prastica Rian Mantasa Salve 
Published: May 2023

Sermo Dam is located in the Special Region of Yogyakarta and serves multiple purposes including providing drinking water, supplementing irrigation systems in the Kalibawang area, and flood control. According to data published by the World Commission, 60% of mitigation measures taken to overcome the impact of dam structure failures are unsuccessful. The simulation of dam failure serves as a crucial aspect of flood mitigation plans and strategies because it is more destructive than natural flood waves. This research used HEC-RAS 5.0.7 to examine the flood inundation mapping and simulate dam failure in two dimensions. However, Dam Break Analysis was adopted to provide a Dam Emergency Action Plan Guide to guide managers and the community. The overtopping scenario was adapted to model the failure of the Sermo Dam based on the frequent occurrence of heavy and extreme precipitation in the affected area. Data were analyzed using unsteady flow and PMF discharge with peak inflow discharge of 1276.6 m³/s, which result in an inundation area of 9394 hectares and a maximum flood height of 17 m. Dam failure-induced floods tend to potentially affect eight sub-districts including Kokap, Pengasih, Sentolo, Wates, Panjatan, Galur, Lendah, and Temon. The piping scenario is also considered based on the potential damage that tends to occur. In the piping scenario, the biggest flooding area was 5112 hectares with a maximum flood height of 13 m. About six sub-districts are potentially affected by dam failure-induced floods with Kokap and Sentolo being excluded from the list. Therefore, it is crucial to establish early warning systems and infrastructure to mitigate disaster risks. The results of this research can also inform evacuation planning, damage estimation, and post-flood rehabilitation efforts in the affected areas.
Investigation of the frequency and risk factors of pulmonary complications following cardiac surgery in the hospital
Authors: Salajegheh Shirin , Sharifzadeh Kermani Mahdieh , Naeimi Bafghi Naeimeh , Naeimi Bafghi Neda , Salehi Jafar , Nakhaei Zadeh Reza , Javid Mohammad Javad 
Published: May 2023

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of pulmonary complications after heart surgery and to assess the pre-operative, intra-operative and post-operative risk factors.
Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical study that was conducted on 244 patients who underwent various cardiac surgeries from December 2021 to May 2022 in Shefa Kerman Hospital. This descriptive/analytical study on patients undergoing heart surgery at Shafa Hospital, Kerman, Iran, from December 2021 to May 2022. Pulmonary complications included atelectasis pneumonia, pleural effusion, long-term mechanical ventilation, and respiratory failure. The pre-operative, intra-operative and post-operative risk factors were investigated in the present study. SPSS software was used to analyze the data. Logistic regression analysis was employed to determine the relationship between risk factors and the incidence of lung complications.
Results: In the present study, 55 patients (22.5%) had pulmonary complications, followed by prolonged mechanical ventilation (13.1%), pneumonia (11.5%), respiratory failure (4.1%), pleural effusion (11.1%) and atelectasis (6.1%). Pulmonary complications after heart surgery were associated with days of ICU stay, post-operative stroke, post-operative acute kidney injury, emergency surgery, FFP injection, high drainage rate, and mitral valve replacement surgery (all p <0.001). 4% of patients died after surgery, which was statistically related to pulmonary complications (P<0.0001). The results of multivariable logistic regression test showed that FFP injection, type of heart surgery, hypertension, ICU stay days are capable of predicting pulmonary complications after heart surgery.
Conclusion: Mortality was found to be higher in patients with pulmonary complications. Based on the results of the regression analysis, FFP injection, type of surgery, history of hypertension and length of ICU stay were independent risk factors of pulmonary complications.
Evaluation the effect of formulation made of Talh honey, whey protein and collagen on acute excisional skin wound healing in Wistar male rat
Authors: Yamani Hanaa Abbas , Fakiha Khloud 
Published: May 2023

Objectives: This study evaluated the ability of using formulation contains Talh honey, whey protein and collagen on wound healing using animal model.
Methods: 24 Wistar male rats were divided into four groups of 6 rats each as follow; G1 (not treated), G2 (treated with Manuka honey), G3 (treated with Povidone iodine ointment 5%), and G4 (treated with tested formulation). Excisional wound was induced in rat’s dorsal skin. The duration of the study was 18 days. Morphological and histological examination was performed for all groups.
Results: The tested formula showed reduction in the duration of the inflammatory phase of wound healing when compared to other groups.
Conclusion: Results from this study indicated the therapeutic potential of the tested formula, which contains natural component, in wound healing as using other therapeutic products. The tested formula is affordable for wide range of patients. Further studies are required to investigate the different mechanisms behind the therapeutic properties of each treatment.
The impact of blood group phenotypes on COVID-19 severity and mortality in Duhok province: a prospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Rasho Fatima Jaafar , Aghali Merza Muayad 
Published: May 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the frequency of blood group types among COVID-19 patients and to investigate its potential association with disease severity and patient outcomes.
Methods: this prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from February to July 2022 in three different healthcare facilities in the Duhok region. All confirmed PCR confirmed COVID-19 patients were classified into: mild, moderate, severe, and critical cases. Information on demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics were collected using a standardized questionnaire. All patients were subjected to ABO blood grouping. The statistical calculations were performed by JMP Pro 14.3.0. A p value of < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: the study comprised of 404 patients. The age range of the patients varied from 16 to 100 years with a male predominance (204, 50.5%). Out of the total patients, 250 (61.88%) had mild-moderate course, while 154 (38.12%) had severe-critical course. The most frequent blood group was O (164, 41.58%), followed by blood group A (121, 29.95%). There was no significant difference in the distribution of the Rh factor among the studied subjects (p=0.426). There was a significant increase in disease severity and worse outcome with increasing age (p=<0.0001). Considering blood group types, there were no significant differences between blood group types with COVID-19 severity and patients’ outcome.
Conclusions: individuals with blood group O may have a higher risk of contracting COVID-19. Advanced age is a crucial predictor of disease severity and poor outcomes. There were no significant association between blood group types with COVID-19 severity and patients’ outcome. However, further research is needed to confirm these findings and determine the underlying mechanisms behind any potential association between blood groups and COVID-19 susceptibility, severity, and outcome.