bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ginsenoside RG3 Synergizes With STING Agonist to Reverse Cisplatin Resistance in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Lu Zhongqi , Fu Yihang , Fu Qiang , Chang Ying , Zhang Meihua , Jin Tiefeng 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the synergistic inhibitory effects of combining the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist cyclic diadenylate monophosphate (c‐di‐AMP) and ginsenoside RG3 on cisplatin (DDP)‐resistant gastric cancer (GC) cells. The objective is to identify novel therapeutic targets and offers insights for the clinical management of DDP resistance. Various techniques were employed, including western blot, MTT assay, colony formation assay, scratch assay, transwell assay, tubule formation assay, flow cytometry, Hoechst 33342 fluorescence staining, and in vivo experiments, to investigate the potential mechanisms and effects of the combined application of the STING agonist and ginsenoside RG3 in reversing cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer. The combination markedly suppressed key malignant behaviors, including proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis of SGC‐7901/DDP cells. Additionally, this treatment inhibited the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) process and stem cell‐like characteristics of SGC‐7901/DDP cells, while downregulating the expression of resistance‐related proteins. The STING agonist effectively suppresses the growth and proliferation of gastric cancer cells. Ginsenoside RG3, well‐documented for its multifaceted properties, including antioxidant, anti‐aging, and anti‐cancer effects, is widely used in cancer treatment and in managing chemotherapy‐related side effects. Furthermore, RG3 enhances anti‐tumor immunity by regulating signal transduction. This study comprehensively evaluated the efficacy of the STING agonist and RG3 combination through in vitro and in vivo experiments, demonstrating significant inhibition of malignant progression and reversal of drug resistance in gastric cancer. These findings offer a robust theoretical foundation for clinical applications and highlight new therapeutic targets for future research.
Chemical Composition of Cynanchum auriculatum Royle Ex Wight and Its Potential Role in Ameliorating Colitis
Authors: Li Sichen , Sun Yuning , Peng Huihui , You Ruiqiang , Bai Fuqing , Chen Dan , Abdin Mohamed , Peng Chuanyi , Li Xiang , Cai Huimei , Chen Guijie 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight, commonly known as “Baishouwu,” has been traditionally used in China for its medicinal and dietary benefits. Despite its long history of use, the potential therapeutic effects of C. auriculatum in the treatment of colitis have not been fully investigated. This study aims to evaluate the effects of the water extract of C. auriculatum root on colitis and elucidate its potential mechanisms of action. The water extract of C. auriculatum root (CW) was prepared and characterized using UPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS, identifying thirty‐two distinct compounds, including saponins, organic acids, fatty acid derivatives, and alkaloids. The therapeutic efficacy of CW was assessed in a colitis mouse model. CW significantly alleviated colitis symptoms, evidenced by increased colon length, reduced disease activity indices, and decreased colon tissue damage. CW reduced colonic inflammatory cytokine production and enhanced the expression of tight junction proteins, including claudin‐1, occludin, and ZO‐1, thereby strengthening intestinal barrier integrity. Additionally, CW modulated the gut microbiota by increasing microbial diversity, promoting beneficial Lactobacillus growth, reducing pathogenic Pseudomonas levels, and enhancing short‐chain fatty acid production. The results suggest that CW exhibits significant therapeutic potential in the management of colitis by attenuating inflammation, restoring gut barrier function, and modulating the gut microbiota. These findings provide a basis for further exploration of C. auriculatum as a functional food for prevention and treatment of colitis.
Effects of Hillside Grass Distribution Patterns on Soil Erosion and the Particle Size Distribution of Sediments Under Different Rainfall Intensities
Authors: Zhang Tianyao , Cen Youdong , Zhou Kaixi , Zhong Lu , Zhou Yerong , Ma Guangwen 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe distribution patterns of grass cover on arid and semi‐arid slopes significantly influence runoff and erosion processes. However, the mechanisms by which these patterns affect hydrological and erosion processes, and the subsequent selective transport of sediment particles, remain poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, this study conducted rainfall experiments of varying intensities (60, 90 and 120 mm h−1) across different grass distribution patterns—random (RP), checkerboard (CP), vertical strips (VP), step strips (SP), banded (BP) and bare slope (BS)—to investigate their effects on runoff, erosion and sediment particle size distribution (PSD). The results show that the BP pattern was most effective in reducing runoff and erosion rates, with reductions of 47.6%–76.5% and 75.4%–84.9%, respectively, compared to BS; SP follows, whereas VP demonstrates the least effectiveness. No significant differences were observed in runoff and erosion rates between the RP and CP treatments. Regarding sediment PSD, the sediments from BS, RP, CP and VP plots predominantly consist of clay and fine silt, accounting for 53.1%–62.8%, whereas sediments from the SP and BP plots are primarily composed of coarse silt (66.9%) and sand (79.2%), respectively. The enrichment of sediment particle size was influenced by the grass distribution patterns. At 60 mm h−1 rainfall, clay and fine silt from BS plots are preferentially enriched as aggregates, while sandy particles are enriched in VP, SP and BP plots; the sediment distributions in RP and CP plots closely resemble that of the original soil. These findings elucidate the impacts of different grass distribution patterns on sediment PSD and provide insights for the development of grass‐planting strategies.
Increased serum NfL and GFAP levels indicate different subtypes of neurologic immune‐related adverse events during treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors
Authors: Schmitt Christina , Müller Katharina J. , Tiedt Steffen , Kramer Nora , Manger Isabel , Knauss Samuel , Müller‐Jensen Leonie , Huehnchen Petra , Boehmerle Wolfgang , Schöberl Florian , Heinzerling Lucie , von Baumgarten Louisa 
Published: January 2025

AbstractNeurologic immune‐related adverse events (nirAEs) represent rare, yet severe side effects associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. Given the absence of established diagnostic biomarkers for nirAEs, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of serum Neurofilament Light Chain (NfL) and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP). Fifty‐three patients were included at three comprehensive cancer centers, of these 20 patients with manifest nirAEs and 11 patients with irHypophysitis. Controls included patients without any irAE (n = 8) and other irAEs (n = 14). Using a single‐molecule enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (Simoa), serum levels were measured prior to, during and after the manifestation of (n)irAEs in 80 samples. Symptom severity of the (n)irAEs was graded according to the Common Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5.0. Serum NfL levels were significantly higher in the nirAE group (n = 20) compared to irHypophysitis (n = 11; p = .0025) and controls (n = 22; p = .0384). Subgroup analysis demonstrated a significant elevation of NfL in nirAEs of the peripheral nerves (PNirAE) in contrast to neuromuscular syndromes (NMirAE) (p = .0260). GFAP levels were highest in patients with nirAE affecting the central nervous system (CNSirAE) compared to PNirAE and NMirAE (p = .0064). Symptom severity of nirAEs was associated with increased levels of NfL and GFAP (p = .0069, .0092). Individuals with elevated NfL levels exhibited less favorable outcomes of the (n)irAEs (p = .0199). Measurement of NfL and GFAP may be helpful for the differentiation of the broad spectrum of nirAEs and may serve as an indicator of symptom severity. Further investigation is needed to evaluate their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
Interplay between extracellular vesicles and allergic diseases: Current insights and future perspectives
Authors: Wu Jia , Wang Yan , Wang Yuqing , Ribaudo Jiawei , Li Shu , Hu Shunyan , Tang Maolin , Chen Yongliang , Long Yan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe field of extracellular vesicle (EV) research has rapidly evolved, revealing their significant roles in various biological processes and clinical applications. Allergic diseases are prevalent immunological disorders characterized by exaggerated hypersensitivity reactions to allergens, leading to diverse clinical manifestations that can severely impact quality of life. Recently, studies have underscored the pivotal role of EVs in allergic conditions, including asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of recent advances in the separation and characterization of EVs, their roles in allergic diseases, and their diagnostic value as biomarkers. Additionally, we explore the therapeutic potential of EVs for the treatment and prevention of allergic conditions. Overall, the emerging insights into EVs present promising opportunities for enhancing the diagnosis, treatment, and management of allergic diseases.
Dynamic Neural Mechanisms Underlying Sustained Motor Training Post‐Stroke: An fNIRS Investigation Employing Time‐Varying ALFF and Functional Connectivity Analysis
Authors: Zhang Guanghu , Zhu Guangyue , Hu Fan , Jiang Yichen , Li Wenxi , Xu Dongsheng 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMotor dysfunction of the upper limbs following a stroke predominantly arises from abnormal motor patterning caused by the disrupted balance of inter‐cortical communication within motor‐associated cortical regions. Temporal analysis offers a more precise reflection of the cortical functional state in affected patients. This study employed fNIRS to capture hemodynamic responses among 20 stroke patients and 19 healthy controls in both resting and Baduanjin task state. Including computing the coefficient of variation of fractional amplitude of low‐frequency fluctuations (fALFF) for each channel, alongside extracting dynamic state metrics. Findings indicate that, during sustained motor tasks, stroke patients exhibit a diminished fALFF variability in targeted cortical regions; these individuals display a higher prevalence of low‐intensity states and a lower prevalence of high‐intensity states during task execution. These dynamic state attributes are significantly associated with scores on the upper limb motor function scale (FMA‐UE), thereby proposing a time‐domain perspective for investigating the underlying mechanisms of stroke‐induced motor dysfunction.
Prediction of Prostate Cancer From Routine Laboratory Markers With Automated Machine Learning
Authors: Satır Atilla , Üstündağ Yasemin , Yeşil Meryem Rümeysa , Huysal Kağan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn this study, we attempted to select the optimum cases for a prostate biopsy based on routine laboratory test results in addition to prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) blood test using H2O automated machine learning (AutoML) software, which includes many common machine learning algorithms.MethodsThe study included 737 patients (46–88 years old). Routine laboratory measurements were used to train machine learning models using H2O AutoML. We created a model that classifies prostate biopsy results as malignant or benign. The performance of the best model was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), log‐loss metric, F1 score, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), sensitivity, and specificity. The model's performance was evaluated through the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis feature‐based interpretation method applied to comprehend the machine learning model.ResultsThe gradient boosting machine model was the most successful. The best result was obtained in the model with 11 parameters, including PSA, free PSA, free PSA to PSA, hemoglobin, neutrophils, platelets, neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), glucose, platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocytes, and age. The AUC of this model was 0.72, the specificity was 0.84, the PPV was 0.65, the NPV was 0.69, and the accuracy was 0.68.ConclusionOur results suggest that adding only routine laboratory parameters to the PSA test and developing machine learning algorithms can help reduce the number of unnecessary prostate biopsies without overlooking the diagnosis of PCa.
Neighborhood Social Processes and Adolescents' Depressive Symptoms: The Intervening Role of Neighborhood Self‐Efficacy
Authors: Berg Kristen A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTVia observational data from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods collected between 1994 and 2001, this study examined the degree to which neighborhood disorder, collective efficacy, and youth‐centered institutional resources are directly associated with adolescents' depressive symptoms across time, and the mediating role of adolescents'neighborhood self‐efficacy. Latent variable structural equation models were estimated among an unweighted representative sample of 1448 adolescents (59% male, mean age 15.19), across 79 neighborhoods in Chicago, to examine the direct effects of neighborhood disorder, collective efficacy, and availability of youth‐centered resources at baseline (measured at timepoint 1; reported by an independent sample of Chicago adults) on adolescents' depressive symptoms (measured a timepoint 3), and the mediating effect of adolescents' neighborhood‐anchored self‐efficacy (measured at timepoint 2). Indirect effects were assessed using bootstrap testing. Adolescents' neighborhood self‐efficacy partially mediated the effects of greater social and physical neighborhood disorder (indirect β = 0.03, 95% CI [0.008, 0.075]) and less availability of neighborhood youth‐centered resources (indirect β = −0.01, 95% CI [−0.030, −0.001]) on depressive symptoms over time. Adolescents who perceived themselves to have greater neighborhood self‐efficacy reported lower levels of depressive symptoms across time (β = −0.13, 95% CI [−0.24, −0.03]), as did those in neighborhoods with greater availability of youth‐centered resources (β = −0.11, 95% CI [−0.19, −0.03]). Those living in neighborhoods with more disorder reported lower neighborhood self‐efficacy (β = −0.24, 95% CI [−0.36, −0.11]). Neighborhood‐anchored self‐efficacy may be one mechanism by which adolescents internalize their neighborhood environments in ways that, over time, affect depressive symptoms. Interventions aimed at fostering community environments that nurture opportunities for youth to build efficaciousness may be promising for mitigating adolescent depression.
Circadian Modulation of Behavioral Stress Responses in Zebrafish Is Age‐Dependent
Authors: Pintos Santiago , Lucon‐Xiccato Tyrone , Vera Luisa María , Sánchez‐Vázquez Francisco Javier , Bertolucci Cristiano 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn the wild, stressors occur with varying likelihood throughout the day, leading animals to evolve plastic stress responses that exhibit circadian rhythmicity. In mammals, studies have revealed that the circadian plasticity of stress response may differ with age. However, such developmental effects have been largely overlooked in other vertebrate groups. In our research, we explored the presence of developmental variation in the daily pattern of behavioral stress response in a teleost fish model: the zebrafish (Danio rerio). We compared juvenile and adult individuals in two behavioral paradigms commonly used to analyze fish stress response, such as the open‐field test and the diving test. Our comparisons were conducted every 4 h during a 24‐h cycle to analyze daily variations. Significant daily rhythms were detected for almost all analyzed behaviors in both tests. In general, the analyses suggested a greater stress response in adults during the daytime and in juveniles during the night‐time, although not all indicators aligned in this direction. Moreover, we found average differences in zebrafish behavior, suggesting that juveniles were more sensitive to stress. Overall, these findings highlight the importance of considering developmental variation in the circadian pattern of stress response in non‐mammalian species like zebrafish.
Training for the future of the genetic counseling profession: Exploring the assessment and adaptation of graduate programs' didactic curriculum
Authors: Vercruyssen Anna K. , Yashar Beverly M. , Stalburg Caren M. , Marvin Monica 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSince the first genetic counseling program (GCP) was established in 1969, there has been a proliferation of growth and demand for genetic counselors. Advances in technology, affordable access to genetic testing, public genomic health initiatives, and diversifying clinical and non‐clinical roles comprise a dynamic environment that GCPs must respond to. While there is extensive literature regarding how other health professions adapt their curricula to changing environments, this has yet to be documented and explored for genetic counseling. This study aimed to understand how GCPs evolve their didactic curricula to keep up with the rapidly changing professional landscape. An online survey was used to recruit program leadership of fully accredited GCPs for semi‐structured interviews. These interviews explored four critical factors of didactic curricular change, including drivers, implementation, barriers, and mechanisms for evaluation after a change has been made. Interview transcripts were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis based on iterative discussions with prioritization of excerpts from the codes that had been most commonly applied across multiple transcripts. Multiple factors were identified that program leadership must appropriately weigh when making curricular change decisions. The factors that were considered major influences by all participants included national accreditation standards, program stakeholders, sponsoring institutions and local genetic counseling communities, and the genetic counseling profession as a whole. Our data also demonstrated the extensive role program leadership plays in the adaptation of didactic curricula. With GCP leadership constantly identifying, implementing, and evaluating complex didactic curricular change, there is a need for further exploration of this topic and development of genetic counseling specific resources and tools.
The Combination of α‐Fe2O3 NP and Trichoderma sp. Improves Antifungal Activity Against Fusarium Wilt
Authors: Sharma Sushma , Kumari Poonam , Shandilya Mamta , Thakur Sapna , Perveen Kahkashan , Sheikh Imran , Ahmed Zubair , Sayyed Riyaz , Mastinu Andrea 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSoil‐borne plant pathogens are the most damaging pathogens responsible for severe crop damage. A conventional chemotherapy approach to these pathogens has numerous environmental issues, while biological control agents (BCAs) are less promising under field conditions. There is an immediate need to develop an integrated strategy for utilizing nanoparticles and biocontrol to manage soil‐borne pathogens, such as Fusarium wilt, effectively. Simulation of BCA metabolites to nanoparticle biocontrol metabolites is considered the most effective biocontrol approach. Combining Fe2O3 nanoparticles and Trichoderma in nursery and field conditions manages pathogens and increases plant growth characteristics. The present study evaluated the commercial biocontrol strains and the use of NPFe in combination with Trichoderma harzianum to enhance the biocontrol potential of T. harzianum against soil‐borne pathogens. The effectiveness of (NPFe + T. harzianum) was evaluated under in vitro conditions where combination was found most effective upto (87.63%) mycelial growth inhibition of pathogen and under field conditions lowest pooled Fusarium wilt incidence (19.54%) was recorded. Nanocomposites are beneficial for agricultural sustainability and environmental safety by upregulating the expression of genes linked to these processes, Fe NPs can activate plant defense mechanisms and increase plant resistance to pathogenic invasions. Additionally, as iron is a necessary component for plant growth and development, Fe NPs promote better nutrient uptake.
Development, Shelf Stability, and In‐Vitro Evaluation of Liquid Bacterial Inoculant Acinetobacter lwoffii Strain PAU_31LN
Authors: Kaur Jagjot , Pandove Gulab , Kumar Vineet , Sabour Amal Abdullah A. , Alshiekheid Maha 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAcinetobacter has been recognized as a versatile plant growth promoting (PGP) rhizobacteria (PGPR) that produce multiple PGP traits. The present study was conducted to formulate an efficient and stable liquid bacterial inoculant (LBI) of Acinetobacter lwoffii strain PAU_31LN. In the current investigation, total 16 endophytic bacteria were isolated from cotton leaves and evaluated for plant growth‐promoting features such as production of phytohormones, mineral solubilization, siderophore production, hydrogen cyanide (HCN) production, and 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity. The leaf endophytic bacteria designated as 31LN was found promising for all the PGP traits and it was identified as A. lwoffii strain PAU_31LN by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. For the development of LBI of A. lwoffii strain PAU_31LN, 4.5 g/L yeast extract, 5 g/L NaCl, 5 g/L peptone, and 12.5 mM food‐grade trehalose was optimized as appropriate medium composition using response surface methodology (RSM) and Box–Behnken design. Further, the viability of A. lwoffii strain PAU_31LN in the optimized formulation was observed as 1.1 folds higher over the control after 180 days of storage at room temperature. Moreover, nonsignificant variation was recorded in the functional traits of 180 days old LBI of A. lwoffii strain PAU_31LN and freshly prepared LBI. The in‐vitro plant growth parameters such as length and seed vigor index of 7‐day‐old cotton seedlings were enhanced by the seed bio‐priming with LBI of A. lwoffii strain PAU_31LN over the control. The results of the present study signify the importance of endophytes and statistical methods to formulate prominent LBI.
Geomorphology and chronology of Late Quaternary terrace staircases of the Sakarya River, northwest Türkiye
Authors: Karakoca Ebubekir , Uncu Levent , Sarikaya Mehmet Akif , Şahiner Eren , Köse Oğuzhan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe Sakarya, one of the longest rivers in northwest Anatolia, has significant geomorphological units along its course including terrace systems that have potential to reveal the tectonic and geomorphological evolution of the region. The aim of this research was to identify the processes that have influenced the formation of terrace systems based on regional and local tectonic activities during the Late Quaternary and effects of global climatic changes on levels of the Black Sea. In particular along the İnhisar–Osmaneli section of the Sakarya River, the terrace systems, which are determined at four different levels, are crucial in terms of illuminating the geomorphological development of the region during the Late Quaternary. Our optically stimulated luminescence results revealed three different ages of deposition: 158.03 ± 12.93, 150.97 ± 8.49 and 55.07 ± 4.57 ka (Middle–Late Pleistocene). This permitted calculation of a mean regional uplift rate of 0.18 ± 0.03 mm a–1 since the Middle–Late Pleistocene. The younger terrace remnants correspond to Late Pleistocene Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3c (interstadial) and the older ones to Late Middle Pleistocene MIS 6b (interstadial). This implies that the Sakarya River accumulated floodplain sediments, now terraces, during relatively warm and humid periods. On the other hand, in cold and/or cold–warm transition periods, it created terraces by incision into the river bed. This interpretation implies that fluvial incision in the region was a response to regional uplift that has been continuing for at least the last 158 ka.