bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peripheral nervous system involvement accompanies central nervous system involvement in anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) antibody-related disease
Authors: Theuriet Julian , Cluse Florent , Gravier-Dumonceau Alice , Picard Géraldine , Closs Sterenn , Rogemond Véronique , Timestit Noémie , Bouhour Françoise , Petiot Philippe , Davy Vincent , Chanson Eve , Arzalluz-Luque Joaquín , Marignier Romain , Honnorat Jerome , Pegat Antoine 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundGlial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is expressed by astrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS), but also by immature and regenerative Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). GFAP antibodies (GFAP-Abs) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have been mainly described in patients with meningoencephalomyelitis. We aimed to study PNS symptoms in patients with CSF GFAP-Abs.MethodsWe retrospectively included all patients tested positive for GFAP-Abs in the CSF by immunohistochemistry and confirmed by cell-based assay expressing human GFAPα since 2017, from two French reference centers.ResultsIn a cohort of 103 CSF GFAP-Abs patients, 25 (24%) presented with PNS involvement. Among them, the median age at onset was 48 years and 14/25 (56%) were female. Abnormal electroneuromyography was observed in 11/25 patients (44%), including eight isolated radiculopathies, one radiculopathy associated with polyneuropathy, one radiculopathy associated with sensory neuronopathy, and one demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. Cranial nerve involvement was observed in 18/25 patients (72%). All patients except one had an associated CNS involvement. The first manifestation of the disease concerned the PNS in three patients. First-line immunotherapy was administered to 18/24 patients (75%). The last follow-up modified Rankin Scale was ≤ 2 in 19/23 patients (83%). Patients with PNS involvement had significantly more bladder dysfunction than patients with isolated CNS involvement (68 vs 40.3%,p = 0.031).ConclusionsPNS involvement in GFAP-Abs autoimmunity is heterogeneous but not rare and is mostly represented by acute or subacute cranial nerve injury and/or lower limb radiculopathy. Rarely, PNS involvement can be the first manifestation revealing the disease.
Daytime sleepiness and sleep quality in Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease
Authors: Bellofatto Marta , Gentile Luca , Bertini Alessandro , Tramacere Irene , Manganelli Fiore , Fabrizi Gian Maria , Schenone Angelo , Santoro Lucio , Cavallaro Tiziana , Grandis Marina , Previtali Stefano C. , Scarlato Marina , Allegri Isabella , Padua Luca , Pazzaglia Costanza , Villani Flavio , Cavalca Eleonora , Saveri Paola , Quattrone Aldo , Valentino Paola , Tozza Stefano , Russo Massimo , Mazzeo Anna , Vita Giuseppe , Piacentini Sylvie , Didato Giuseppe , Pisciotta Chiara , Pareyson Davide ,   for the Italian C. M. T. Network, Schirinzi Giulia , Montesano Maria , Nuzzo Sara , Oggiano Francesca , Calabrese Daniela , Gemelli Chiara , Falzone Yuri , Spina Emanuele , Longo Maria , Occhipinti Giuseppe , Iabichella Giacomo , Barone Stefania 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Sleep abnormalities have been reported in Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease (CMT), but data are scanty. We investigated their presence and correlation in a large CMT patients’ series.

Methods
Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were administered to CMT patients of the Italian registry and controls. ESS score > 10 indicated abnormal daytime somnolence, PSQI score > 5 bad sleep quality. We analyzed correlation with disease severity and characteristics, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS), Body Mass Index, drug use.

Results
ESS and PSQI questionnaires were filled by 257 and 253 CMT patients, respectively, and 58 controls. Median PSQI score was higher in CMT patients than controls (6 vs 4, p = 0.006), with no difference for ESS score. Abnormal somnolence and poor sleep quality occurred in 23% and 56% of patients; such patients had more frequently anxiety/depression, abnormal fatigue, and positive sensory symptoms than those with normal ESS/PSQI. Moreover, patients with PSQI score > 5 had more severe disease (median CMT Examination Score, CMTES, 8 vs 6, p = 0.006) and more frequent use of anxiolytic/antidepressant drugs (29% vs 7%, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Bad sleep quality and daytime sleepiness are frequent in CMT and correlated with anxiety, depression and fatigue, confirming that different components affect sleep. Sleep disorders, such as sleep apnea and restless leg syndrome, not specifically investigated here, are other factors known to impact on sleep quality and somnolence. CMT patients’ management must include sleep behavior assessment and evaluation of its correlated factors, including general distress and fatigue.
Can AI-based body composition assessment outperform body surface area in predicting dose-limiting toxicities for colonic cancer patients on chemotherapy?
Authors: Cao Ke , Yeung Josephine , Arafat Yasser , Choi CheukShan , Wei Matthew Y. K. , Chan Steven , Lee Margaret , Baird Paul N. , Yeung Justin M. C. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Gold standard chemotherapy dosage is based on body surface area (BSA); however many patients experience dose-limiting toxicities (DLT). We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of BSA, two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) body composition (BC) measurements derived from Lumbar 3 vertebra (L3) computed tomography (CT) slices, in predicting DLT in colon cancer patients.

Methods
203 patients (60.87 ± 12.42 years; 97 males, 47.8%) receiving adjuvant chemotherapy (Oxaliplatin and/or 5-Fluorouracil) were retrospectively evaluated. An artificial intelligence segmentation model was used to extract 2D and 3D body composition measurements from each patients' single mid-L3 CT slice as well as multiple-L3 CT scans to produce a 3D BC report. DLT was defined as any incidence of dose reduction or discontinuation due to chemotherapy toxicities. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed on BSA and individual body composition measurements to demonstrate their predictive performance.

Results
A total of 120 (59.1%) patients experienced DLT. Age and BSA did not vary significantly between DLT and non-DLT group. Females were significantly more likely to experience DLT (p = 4.9 × 10–3). In all patients, the predictive effectiveness of 2D body composition measurements (females: AUC = 0.50–0.54; males: AUC = 0.50–0.61) was equivalent to that of BSA (females: AUC = 0.49; males: AUC = 0.58). The L3 3D skeletal muscle volume was the most predictive indicator of DLT (AUC of 0.66 in females and 0.64 in males).

Conclusion
Compared to BSA and 2D body composition measurements, 3D L3 body composition measurements had greater potential to predict DLT in CRC patients receiving chemotherapy and this was sex dependent.
Lumped model eddy current analysis of influence factors on PM segmentation effectiveness
Authors: Königs Mike , Löhlein Bernd 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis is the second of a series of papers on new methods for the calculation of eddy current losses in permanent magnets (PMs) and the shortcomings of previous analyses. Our first paper extended Ruoho’s work on harmonic field distributions to the reaction field of eddy currents within permanent magnets. The approach was based on the methods of the harmonic complex AC calculation. In this paper, the models presented in our previous paper are further extended to allow a harmonic calculation of eddy current losses in permanent magnets for homogeneous fields, including the effects of eddy current losses in an adjacent ferromagnetic material, leakage flux factors, and non-constant inductance.
Water-Weakening and Time-Dependent Deformation of Organic-Rich Chalks
Authors: Kibikas William M. , Choens R. Charles , Bauer Stephen J. , Shalev Eyal , Lyakhovsky Vladimir 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Ghareb Formation is a shallowly buried porous chalk in southern Israel that is being considered as a host rock for a geologic nuclear waste repository. Setup and operation of a repository will induce significant mechanical, hydrological and chemical perturbations in the Ghareb. Developing a secure repository requires careful characterization of the rock behavior to different loads. To characterize hydromechanical behavior of the Ghareb, several short- and long-term deformation experiments were conducted. Hydrostatic loading tests were conducted both dry and water-saturated, using different setups to measure elastic properties, time-dependent behavior, and permeability. A set of triaxial tests were conducted to measure the elastic properties and rock strength under differential loading at dry and water-saturated conditions. The hydrostatic tests showed the Ghareb began to deform inelastically around 12–15 MPa, a relatively low effective pressure. Long-term permeability measurements demonstrated that permeability declined with increasing effective pressure and was permanently reduced by ~ 1 order of magnitude after unloading pressure. Triaxial tests showed that water saturation significantly degrades the rock properties of the Ghareb, indicating water-weakening is a significant risk during repository operation. Time-dependent deformation is observed during hold periods of both the hydrostatic and triaxial tests, with deformation being primarily visco-plastic. The rate of deformation and permeability loss is strongly controlled by the effective pressure as well. Additionally, during holds of both hydrostatic and triaxial tests, it is observed that when water-saturated, radial strain surpassed axial strain when above effective pressures of 13–20 MPa. Thus, deformation anisotropy may occur in situ during operations even if the stress conditions are hydrostatic when above this pressure range.
Sustainability accounting for greenhouse gas emissions measurement using the GREET LCA model: practical review of automotive ESG reporting
Authors: Molnár Péter , Suta Alex , Tóth Árpád 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe production and personal use of passenger vehicles contribute significantly to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, making personal transport a major contributor. In response to increasing pressure from regulators and consumers to lower emissions, original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) have introduced alternative powertrains, such as battery electric vehicles (BEVs). To assess the economic and environmental feasibility of BEVs, OEMs conduct various life cycle assessment (LCA) approaches as part of their internal management practices. However, the public presentation of their results is often ambiguous and of unverifiable quality. This study conducts a review of sustainability impact reporting using the GREET model, which is based on the total vehicle life cycle. The paper provides a summary of the input data requirements for validating emissions from both the fuel and vehicle cycles as part of the proposed model. The availability of the model components was tested against actual public corporate environmental, social and governance reporting disclosures of the largest global automotive OEMs, indicating a deficit in the public presentation of essential sustainability information. The implications of the research suggest that LCA models could benefit sustainability accounting by incorporating proper tagging during accounting practices and taking advantage of digital accounting and reporting practices such as the extensible business reporting language (XBRL). By further developing the model, sustainability reporting can benefit from its structure and workflow, thus ensuring improved information validity for stakeholders.
Graphical abstract
Day and night heart rate variability using 24-h ECG recordings: a systematic review with meta-analysis using a gender lens
Authors: De Maria Beatrice , Parati Monica , Dalla Vecchia Laura Adelaide , La Rovere Maria Teresa 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Increasing evidence demonstrates that gender-related factors, and not only biological sex, are relevant in the physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms of the cardiovascular system, including the cardiac autonomic regulation. Sex and gender may also affect daytime and night-time cardiac autonomic control. This meta-analysis aimed to provide a comparison between healthy women and men on heart rate variability using 24-h ECG recordings pointing out sex- and gender-related factors.

Methods
A systematic search was conducted to include studies focusing on both sex and gender differences related to heart rate variability indices in the time and frequency domains. Descriptive data were extracted by two independent reviewers. For each index, standardized mean differences with 95% confidence intervals were computed and a pooled estimate using a fixed- or random-effects model was applied.

Results
Twenty-seven studies were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that only seven studies reported some information about gender-related factors. Concerning sex-related differences, women had a shorter mean RR interval and lower variability of the time domain indices than men.
Sex-related differences concerning frequency domain indices were more evident during night-time compared to daytime.

Conclusion
The characterization of gender-related factors in the study of heart rate variability using 24-h ECG recordings is still sporadic and underexplored. The meta-analysis results could not conclusively support a significant increase of high frequency power in women, although women showed a reduced total power and low frequency to high frequency ratio. There is a strong need for considering heart rate variability in relation to gender-related variables.
Is cancer an intelligent species?
Authors: Nicolazzo Chiara , Francescangeli Federica , Magri Valentina , Giuliani Alessandro , Zeuner Ann , Gazzaniga Paola 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSome relevant emerging properties of intelligent systems are “adaptation to a changing environment,” “reaction to unexpected situations,” “capacity of problem solving,” and “ability to communicate.” Single cells have remarkable abilities to adapt, make adequate context-dependent decision, take constructive actions, and communicate, thus theoretically meeting all the above-mentioned requirements. From a biological point of view, cancer can be viewed as an invasive species, composed of cells that move from primary to distant sites, being continuously exposed to changes in the environmental conditions. Blood represents the first hostile habitat that a cancer cell encounters once detached from the primary site, so that cancer cells must rapidly carry out multiple adaptation strategies to survive. The aim of this review was to deepen the adaptation mechanisms of cancer cells in the blood microenvironment, particularly referring to four adaptation strategies typical of animal species (phenotypic adaptation, metabolic adaptation, niche adaptation, and collective adaptation), which together define the broad concept of biological intelligence. We provided evidence that the required adaptations (either structural, metabolic, and related to metastatic niche formation) and “social” behavior are useful principles allowing putting into a coherent frame many features of circulating cancer cells. This interpretative frame is described by the comparison with analog behavioral traits typical of various animal models.
Factors Affecting the Outcome and Intensity of Intergroup Encounters in Crested Macaques (Macaca nigra)
Authors: Martínez-Íñigo Laura , Rismayanti  , Engelhardt Antje , Agil Muhammad , Pilot Malgorzata , Majolo Bonaventura 
Published: August 2023

AbstractConspecific animal groups often compete for access to fitness-enhancing resources. The more valuable the resource at stake is, the greater the costs groups can afford to outcompete their neighbours, leading to between-group conflicts. We investigated what factors affected intergroup encounter outcome (win, loss, or draw) and intensity (level of aggression and duration) in wild, crested macaques (Macaca nigra). We collected data on 158 dyadic intergroup encounters among three groups of crested macaques in Tangoko Nature Reserve (Indonesia) between November 2015 and July 2016. Intergroup encounters were more likely to have a clear winner the larger the group size difference was between the opposing groups and when both groups rarely used the intergroup encounter location. Groups tended to win in specific parts of their home range, regardless of the numerical advantage, the frequency of use of the intergroup encounter location and its distance to the closest core area. Most encounters involved aggression, but contact aggression was rare. None of our candidate predictors helped to explain the differences in intergroup encounter escalation. Male intergroup aggression was more common than female intergroup aggression. The probability of female and male participation in intergroup aggression increased with the participation of the other sex. Males chased and attacked females in their group (i.e., herded them) in most encounters. Our study suggests that intragroup sexual conflict occurs during intergroup encounters in crested macaques. More detailed and longer studies on intergroup participation may help to understand the factors behind crested macaque intergroup encounter outcome and intensity.
Autism in Preschool-Aged Children: The Effects of COVID-19 Lockdown
Authors: Termine Cristiano , Galli Vera , Dui Linda Greta , Berlusconi Valentina , Lipari Rossella , Lunardini Francesca , Ferrante Simona 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 lockdown affected children, especially those with autism spectrum disorder, due to the disruption in rehabilitation and educational activities. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 315 preschool-aged children, 35 of which had autism, to investigate this impact. A questionnaire was administered to explore socio-demographic status, familiar/home environment, and COVID-19 exposure. The clinical features of autistic subjects were also examined. Seven variables were considered to describe the effect of pandemic: Remote learning, Behavior changes, Home activities, Sleep habits, Night awakenings, Physical activity, Information about the virus. The lockdown had a significant impact on Remote learning, Behavior changes, and Information about the virus in participants with autism. Moreover, we found a worsening in repetitive movements, echolalia, restricted interests, and aggressive behaviors.
FPGA Design of Transposed Convolutions for Deep Learning Using High-Level Synthesis
Authors: Sestito Cristian , Perri Stefania , Stewart Robert 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDeep Learning (DL) is pervasive across a wide variety of domains. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are often used for image processing DL applications. Modern CNN models are growing to meet the needs of more sophisticated tasks, e.g. using Transposed Convolutions (TCONVs) for image decompression and image generation. Such state-of-the-art DL models often target GPU-based high-performance architectures, due to the high computational and hardware resource needs of TCONV layers. To avoid prohibitive GPU energy costs, CNNs are increasingly deployed to decentralized embedded autonomous devices, such as Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). However, this poses challenges for designing efficient hardware implementations of TCONV layers. This paper presents a parameterized design and implementation of a new TCONV module, which is synthesizable onto FPGAs. It is implemented using the High-Level Synthesis (HLS), through a C++ template to parameterize its functional and non-functional properties. These parameters allow kernel sizes, image sizes, quantization and parallelism to be varied by users. With a systematic exploration in this design space, we find an optimal instance of this TCONV module that achieves 6.25 Giga Outputs per Second (Gout/s) using just 1.53 W of power. We then use our TCONV layer in two neural networks for image decompression and image generation. Image decompression achieves a speed throughput of more than 30K frames-per-second (fps) using only the 16% of resources on average, image generation achieves an energy efficiency of 324 fps/W and outperforms comparable state-of-the-art models by at least 7.3×.
A chemotaxis reaction–diffusion model for Multiple Sclerosis with Allee effect
Authors: Bisi Marzia , Groppi Maria , Martalò Giorgio , Soresina Cinzia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study a modification of the mathematical model describing inflammation and demyelination patterns in the brain caused by Multiple Sclerosis proposed in Lombardo et al. (J Math Biol 75:373–417, 2017). In particular, we hypothesize a minimal amount of macrophages to be able to start and sustain the inflammatory response. Thus, the model function for macrophage activation includes an Allee effect. We investigate the emergence of Turing patterns by combining linearised and weakly nonlinear analysis, bifurcation diagrams and numerical simulations, focusing on the comparison with the previous model.
Performance assessment in teacher education research—A scoping review of characteristics of assessment instruments in the DACH region
Authors: Albu Carina , Lindmeier Anke 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn recent years, a new branch of teacher competence research has emerged in which competence is measured close to teaching performance. Such so-called performance assessment approaches are gaining increasing attention, but the research field is still fragmented. A lack of overview and varying reporting practices interfere with its coherent development. This scoping literature review provides an overview of recent advances and the current state of performance assessment instruments in teacher education research in German-speaking countries. We examined assessment instruments that provide objective, standardised measurement procedures based on observable behaviour regarding teaching demands. Based on 20 assessment instruments, a category system with 14 categories was inductively developed, capturing their characteristics in terms of context, test methods, and alignment with criteria for performance assessment. Despite the considerable variation, three types of teacher performance assessment instruments could be identified through qualitative and exploratory statistical analyses. The results show continuity as well as development compared to previous reviews and provide suggestions on advancing the still-emerging research field. For example, they can be used to foster the coherence of the research field by providing information on typical instrument differences and similarities as well as essential reporting demands.