bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk prediction models for cardiovascular events in hemodialysis patients: A systematic review
Authors: Gan Tiantian , Guan Hua , Li Pengli , Huang Xinping , Li Yue , Zhang Rui , Li Tingxin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo perform a systematic review of risk prediction models for cardiovascular (CV) events in hemodialysis (HD) patients, and provide a reference for the application and optimization of related prediction models.MethodsPubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase databases were searched from inception to 1 February 2023. Two authors independently conducted the literature search, selection, and screening. The Prediction model Risk Of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST) was applied to evaluate the risk of bias and applicability of the included literature.ResultsA total of nine studies containing 12 models were included, with performance measured by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) lying between 0.70 and 0.88. Age, diabetes mellitus (DM), C‐reactive protein (CRP), and albumin (ALB) were the most commonly identified predictors of CV events in HD patients. While the included models demonstrated good applicability, there were still certain risks of bias, primarily related to inadequate handling of missing data and transformation of continuous variables, as well as a lack of model performance validation.ConclusionThe included models showed good overall predictive performance and can assist healthcare professionals in the early identification of high‐risk individuals for CV events in HD patients. In the future, the modeling methods should be improved, or the existing models should undergo external validation to provide better guidance for clinical practice.
Rising concentration and wage inequality
Authors: Cortes Guido Matias , Tschopp Jeanne 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWage inequality has risen in many countries over recent decades. At the same time, production has become increasingly concentrated in a small number of firms. In this paper, we show that these two phenomena are linked. Theoretically, we show that an increase in consumer price sensitivity will lead to an increase in the sectoral concentration of revenues and employment, as well as an increase in wage dispersion between firms within industries. Empirically, we use industry‐level data from 14 European countries over the period 1999–2016 and show robust evidence of a positive and statistically significant correlation between concentration and between‐firm wage inequality. We show that this is driven by higher market shares and higher wages in high‐productivity firms within more concentrated sectors.
Fluoroquinolone prophylaxis in patients with neutropenia at high risk of serious infections: Exploring pros and cons
Authors: Singh Nikhil , Thursky Karin , Maron Gabriela , Wolf Joshua 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe use of fluoroquinolones to prevent infections in neutropenic patients with cancer or undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a controversial issue, with international guidelines providing conflicting recommendations. Although potential benefits are clear, concerns revolve around efficacy, potential harms, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) implications.DiscussionFluoroquinolone prophylaxis reduces neutropenic fever (NF) bloodstream infections and other serious bacterial infections, based on evidence from systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, and observational studies in adults and children. Fluoroquinolone prophylaxis may also reduce infection‐related morbidity and healthcare costs; however, evidence is conflicting. Adverse effects of fluoroquinolones are well recognized in the general population; however, studies in the cancer cohort where it is used for a defined period of neutropenia have not reflected this. The largest concern for routine use of fluoroquinolone prophylaxis remains AMR, as many, but not all, observational studies have found that fluoroquinolone prophylaxis might increase the risk of AMR, and some studies have suggested negative impacts on patient outcomes as a result.ConclusionsThe debate surrounding fluoroquinolone prophylaxis calls for individualized risk assessment based on patient characteristics and local AMR patterns, and prophylaxis should be restricted to patients at the highest risk of serious infection during the highest risk periods to ensure that the risk‐benefit analysis is in favor of individual and community benefit. More research is needed to address important unanswered questions about fluoroquinolone prophylaxis in neutropenic patients with cancer or receiving HSCT.
In vitro evaluation of the effect of tris‐EDTA and 0.0005% chlorhexidine solution on the strength of two absorbable sutures
Authors: Brandly Jerrianne E. , Levine David G. , Stefanovski Darko , Aitken Maia R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the effect of 0.0005% chlorhexidine and tris‐EDTA solution on the strength of three commonly used suture types for closure of equine ventral midline celiotomy.Study designControlled laboratory study.Sample populationKnotted loops (n = 10/group, 150 knot constructs total).MethodsStrands of 2 polyglactin 910, 3 polyglactin 910, and 2 polydioxanone were tied to form knotted loops. All knotted loops were mounted on a tabletop force measurement machine system and loaded at 100 mm/min until the breaking force (N) was determined. The breaking force (N) of knotted loops using dry suture was recorded at study start, then of knotted loops soaked in either 0.0005% chlorhexidine and tris‐EDTA for 20 min followed by incubation in equine serum (treatment) or serum alone (control) for 14 and 21 days. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) compared the breaking force between the treatment and control groups at each time point.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the breaking force of 2 USP polyglactin 910 (p = .35, confidence interval [CI] = −0.21–0.59), 3 USP polyglactin 910 (p = .61, CI = −0.41–0.24), or 2 USP polydioxanone (p = .76, CI = −0.63–0.46) soaked in 0.0005% chlorhexidine and tris‐EDTA solution followed by equine serum when compared to each respective suture soaked in equine serum only.Conclusion/clinical significanceSince 0.0005% chlorhexidine and tris‐EDTA solution did not exhibit a significant effect on the breaking force of the absorbable sutures studied, the solution may be used for incisional lavage in the clinical setting.
Origin of endemic species in a moderately isolated ancient lake: The case of a snakehead in Inle Lake, Myanmar
Authors: Fuke Yusuke , Musikasinthorn Prachya , Kano Yuichi , Tabata Ryoichi , Matsui Shoko , Tun Sein , Yun L. K. C. , Touch Bunthang , Thach Phanara , Watanabe Katsutoshi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractInle Lake is an ancient lake in Myanmar, which is an important area with unique and diverse fauna. Its ichthyofauna is believed to have formed non‐radiatively, but the historical processes are poorly understood. To elucidate the mechanisms that shape species diversity in this moderately isolated biogeographical ‘island’, this study focused on a typical endemic fish of Inle Lake, Channa harcourtbutleri (Channidae, Anabantiformes), with its widely distributed sister species, C. limbata, and estimated the historical distribution and diversification processes of the endemic fish based on genome‐wide polymorphism (MIG‐seq) and mitochondrial DNA data. Channa harcourtbutleri contained two genetically and morphologically distinct groups inhabiting Inle Lake and the surrounding rivers respectively. These two groups were genetically the closest to each other; however, the riverine group showed some similarity to the closely related species, C. limbata from Southeast Asia. The mtDNA haplotypes of the endemic species were not monophyletic; most of the riverine group had haplotypes identical or close to those of C. limbata from the upper Irrawaddy and Salween rivers. The time tree suggested that C. harcourtbutleri diverged from C. limbata in the early Pleistocene and then experienced secondary contact with C. limbata in the late Pleistocene. Genetic and morphological differentiation within C. harcourtbutleri suggests that local adaptation to different environments has played an important role for the coexistence of its two forms with some reproductive isolation. Further, the results highlight the importance of multiple colonization and allopatric speciation in shaping biodiversity in the long‐term, moderately isolated environments.
Gaussian kernels on nonsimply connected closed Riemannian manifolds are never positive definite
Authors: Li Siran 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe show that the Gaussian kernel on any nonsimply connected closed Riemannian manifold , where is the geodesic distance, is not positive definite for any , combining analyses in the recent preprint by Da Costa–Mostajeran–Ortega and classical comparison theorems in Riemannian geometry.
Wearable technology use in long-term care facilities for older adults: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Bassi Erika , Santomauro Isabella , Basso Ines , Busca Erica , Maoret Roberta , Dal Molin Alberto 
Published: September 2023

Objective:
The objective of this scoping review is to explore how wearable technology is being used to care for older adults in long-term care facilities.

Introduction:
The use of digital health technologies to support care delivery in long-term care facilities for older adults has grown significantly in recent years, especially since the COVID-19 pandemic. Wearable technology refers to devices worn or attached to the body that can track a variety of health-related data, such as vital signs, falls, and sleep patterns. Despite the evidence that wearable devices are playing an increasing role in older adults’ care, no review has been conducted on how wearable technology is being used in long-term care facilities.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will consider studies that include people aged over 65, with any health condition or level of disability, who live in long-term care facilities. Primary and secondary studies using quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods study designs will be included. Dissertations and policy documents will also be considered.

Methods:
Data sources will include comprehensive searches of electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Scopus), gray literature, and reference scanning of relevant studies. Two independent reviewers will screen titles, abstracts, and full texts of the selected studies. Data extraction will be performed using a tool developed by the researchers. Data will be mapped and analyzed. Descriptive frequencies and content analysis will be included, along with the tabulated results, which will be used to present the findings with regard to the review objectives.

Review registration:
Open Science Framework https://osf.io/r9qtd
Fluorescent biosensor imaging meets deterministic mathematical modelling: quantitative investigation of signalling compartmentalization
Authors: Posner Clara , Mehta Sohum , Zhang Jin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCells execute specific responses to diverse environmental cues by encoding information in distinctly compartmentalized biochemical signalling reactions. Genetically encoded fluorescent biosensors enable the spatial and temporal monitoring of signalling events in live cells. Temporal and spatiotemporal computational models can be used to interpret biosensor experiments in complex biochemical networks and to explore hypotheses that are difficult to test experimentally. In this review, we first provide brief discussions of the experimental toolkit of fluorescent biosensors as well as computational basics with a focus on temporal and spatiotemporal deterministic models. We then describe how we used this combined approach to identify and investigate a protein kinase A (PKA) – cAMP – Ca2+ oscillatory circuit in MIN6 β cells, a mouse pancreatic β cell system. We describe the application of this combined approach to interrogate how this oscillatory circuit is differentially regulated in a nano‐compartment formed at the plasma membrane by the scaffolding protein A kinase anchoring protein 79/150. We leveraged both temporal and spatiotemporal deterministic models to identify the key regulators of this oscillatory circuit, which we confirmed with further experiments. The powerful approach of combining live‐cell biosensor imaging with quantitative modelling, as discussed here, should find widespread use in the investigation of spatiotemporal regulation of cell signalling.
image
Study on the Standby Characteristics of a Packed Bed Thermal Energy Storage: Experimental Results and Model Based Parameter Optimization
Authors: Schwarzmayr Paul , Birkelbach Felix , Walter Heimo , Hofmann René 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In the present study the standby characteristics of a packed bed thermal energy storage are investigated experimentally and numerically. The results collected from the experiments are used for the development of a thermal model of the storage that will act as the virtual entity in a digital twin platform. A packed bed thermal energy storage is a sensible type of thermal energy storage that is capable of storing excess heat for several hours and even days. In this study experimental data from a lab-scale test rig is used to make statements on the thermal characteristics of the storage during standby periods. In addition, the experimental data and a finite volume model of the test rig are used for model-based parameter optimization. The developed model is able to predict the thermal behaviour of the storage in standby and can be utilized as the virtual entity in a digital twin platform. The evaluation of the measured data is done with first and second law analysis and nonlinear optimization. The results are contributing to the further development and deployment of packed bed thermal energy storage systems for waste heat recovery in industrial processes and to increasing flexibility of renewable power generating technologies.
Design and Performance Evaluation of an Industrial Combined Heat and Power Plant Integrated With Molten Salt Heat Storage System
Authors: Tang Haiyu , Liu Ming , Zhang Shunqi , Wang Chaoyang , Yan Junjie 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
For facilitating the penetration of renewable energy, combined heat and power (CHP) plants should provide peak shaving services for the power grid, which will inevitably influence the heat supply. The integration of a thermal heat storage system is an effective way to enhance the operational flexibility of the industrial CHP unit that supply industrial steam to process steam users. In this study, off-design models of a reference 350 MW CHP unit are developed and validated. Then, the molten salt heat storage system is integrated within the reference CHP unit, and different heat sources of molten salt heat storage systems are analyzed. The heat sources to heat molten salt are outlet of turbine stage group 5 and hot-reheat steam pipe in case 1 and case 2. The exergy efficiencies are 71.25% and 65.12% for case 1 and case 2, respectively. The influences of parameters, including molten salt temperature and the CHP power load, on exergy efficiency are also analyzed, and the operation flexibility enhancement of CHP unit is evaluated. Results show that when the maximum mass flow rate of steam supplied by molten salt heat storage system is 30 kg s−1, the decrements of minimum power load for case 1 and case 2 are 239.69 MW and 48.89 MW, respectively, and the increment of maximum power load for case 1 and case 2 are 21.61 MW and 30.65 MW, respectively. The study may provide guidance for enhancing flexibility of thermal power plant by molten salt heat storage system.
A Novel Approach to Integrating Photovoltaic Technology With Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs)
Authors: Al Nawafah Hamza , Amano Ryoichi S. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The efficiency of solar photovoltaic (PV) modules has significantly grown over the past several years. As a result, these modules are getting cheaper. Not all solar PV modules have, but some have achieved laboratory efficiencies above 40%. Furthermore, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are regarded as major energy consumers, accounting for approximately 3 to 4% of total energy consumption in the United States. The reason is that the aeration tanks in WWTPs are the parts of the plant that use the most energy, accounting for 45% to 75% of the energy footprint. This paper presents a novel approach to integrating PV technology with WWTPs infrastructure. In this research, a model simulation and validation of the integration of the PV system with WWTP using real data. Toward improving system efficiency and reducing operating costs. The study methodology includes DIgSILENT power software to evaluate the impact of the PV system on the power system level at the WWTP. The proposed model will be simulated in DIgSILENT to check if it maintains synchronism at different load demands in WWTP. However, the proposed model will simulate and analyze various scenarios, such as sudden loss of generation and frequency mismatch. Simulating sudden loss of generation in two grid load cases (peak and low load) of a high-PV system integration condition is used to test system synchronism. The results showed that the WWTPs system efficiency improved after integrating the PV system.
The Journey to Carbon Neutrality: A Case Study Through China and the United States
Authors: Barrett Jasmine , Gyselinck Alexis , Singh Gopal 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
There is no doubt that the world is in the midst of an energy crisis. The volatile political landscape and globally increasing CO2 emissions demand that every country consolidate its resources in search of clean and reliable energy. China is no stranger to this crisis as the country has pledged to be carbon neutral by 2060. Leading the world in CO2 emissions, energy demand, coal consumption, and fossil fuel imports, China’s reliance on coal and other polluting energy sources seems to be the backbone of its very society. Moving away from these established practices will take time, investment, and focus. Despite promising to peak carbon emissions in the next 20 years, their emissions and energy use patterns continue to trend upwards. The country is already responsible for a quarter of the world’s CO2 emissions, yet it continues to build new coal-based power plants at a greater pace than the combined rest of the world. As the world’s leading manufacturer of solar panels and electric vehicles, its development of the renewable energy sector is indeed substantial. However, it must be considered whether this progress will impact the country on a large enough scale to combat their current energy trends. So the question remains: how will China combat its CO2 emissions and take the necessary steps toward clean energy in order to fulfill its ambitious promises? This paper will introduce the physical, social, and economic environment of China and discuss its current uses of energy. Second, it will compare and contrast the energy profiles of China and the United States. Lastly, the paper will discuss the progress of China in recent years and introduce several recommendations for actions that can be taken to combat carbon emissions on its journey toward clean energy and carbon neutrality.
Identifying physiological tissue niches that support the HIV reservoir in T cells
Authors: Ikeogu Nnamdi , Ajibola Oluwaseun , Zayats Romaniya , Murooka Thomas T. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Successful antiretroviral therapy (ART) can efficiently suppress Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1) replication to undetectable levels, but rare populations of infected memory CD4
+
T cells continue to persist, complicating viral eradication efforts. Memory T cells utilize distinct homing and adhesion molecules to enter, exit, or establish residence at diverse tissue sites, integrating cellular and environmental cues that maintain homeostasis and life-long protection against pathogens. Critical roles for T cell receptor and cytokine signals driving clonal expansion and memory generation during immunity generation are well established, but whether HIV-infected T cells can utilize similar mechanisms for their own long-term survival is unclear. How infected, but transcriptionally silent T cells maintain their recirculation potential through blood and peripheral tissues, or whether they acquire new capabilities to establish unique peripheral tissue niches, is also not well understood. In this review, we will discuss the cellular and molecular cues that are important for memory T cell homeostasis and highlight opportunities for HIV to hijack normal immunological processes to establish long-term viral persistence.
Gut and flesh microbiome sequencing of the Bangladesh national fish hilsa (
Tenualosa ilisha
)
Authors: Islam Tofazzal , Hoque M. Nazmul 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

The gut and flesh microbiome of the national fish of Bangladesh,
Tenualosa ilisha
, were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Our findings revealed a significant microbial disparity between sample categories and the habitat of hilsa fish, which will serve as a valuable foundation for further comprehensive studies on the hilsa microbiome.
Phylogenetic analysis of swine influenza A (H1N2) viruses isolated in Jinju City, Republic of Korea
Authors: Kim Min-Ji , Kwon MiJung , Kim Min Ji , Lim Eui Hyeon , Hyun Bang-hun , Lee Yoon-Hee , Lim Seong-In 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Genomic sequences of the swine influenza A (H1N2) viruses “A/Swine/South Korea/GN-1/2018” and “A/Swine/South Korea/GNJJ/2020” sampled from Jinju City, Republic of Korea, are reported here. The sequences of these viruses were 99% similar. These included eight genes from each of the H3N2pM, A(H1N1)2009pdm, and North American swine lineages.
mSphere of Influence: Virology in the noise—how cell-to-cell variability impacts viral infection outcomes
Authors: Drayman Nir 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Nir Drayman works at the intersection of virology and single-cell biology, studying how cellular heterogeneity shapes the outcome of viral infections (and specifically that of HSV-1). In this mSphere of Influence article, he reflects on how two papers, “Remote activation of host cell DNA synthesis in uninfected cells signaled by infected cells in advance of virus transmission” (N. Schmidt, T. Hennig, R. A. Serwa, M. Marchetti, and P. O’Hare, J Virol 89:11107–11115, 2015,
https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01950-15
) and “Extreme heterogeneity of influenza virus infection in single cells” (A. B. Russell, C. Trapnell, and J. D. Bloom, Elife 7:e32303, 2018,
https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.32303
), impacted his research by trail blazing the analysis of viral infections in single cells, as well as by illuminating what is yet left to discover.