bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional Structure of Intertidal Ciliate Assemblages Along Salinity Gradient in Two Contrasting Estuaries Testing Paradigms in Estuarine Ecology
Authors: Azovsky Andrey , SARAVANAKUMAR Ayyappan , GARLITSKA Lesya , MAZEI Yuri A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The abundance, diversity, taxonomic composition and functional structure of benthic ciliate assemblages were studied in the intertidal zone of two estuaries with contrasting conditions. The Chernaya (CH) is a small (2-km long) sub-Arctic estuary in the White Sea; the Vellar (VE) is a large (20-km long) tropical estuary in the Bay of Bengal. At both sites, the average abundance and biomass of ciliates were similar and quite typical of other marine interstitial habitats. The diversity was high (114 species in CH; 39 taxa, mainly identified to the genus or putative species level, in VE). Spatial distribution patterns in abundance, biomass and taxonomy-based diversity indices differed between the estuaries. In contrast, most functional traits followed similar trends in both estuaries. In particular, from the riverine part seaward, the ratio of raptorial algivorous ciliates to bacterio- and detritovore fine filter feeders increased, as well as the ratio of crawling or gliding ciliates to free-swimmers. Mean body size and oblongness also increased seaward. No clearly defined diversity minima were found in the mid-estuary oligohaline zones. The results are discussed in the context of some general concepts in estuarine ecology.
Differences in antibody responses of intradermal and intramuscular injections of botulinum toxin type A
Authors: Srinoulpras Yuttana , Sirisuthivoranunt Surachet , Sripatumt Chattip , Tansit Tunsuda , Yan Chadakan , Apinuntham Chalermkwan , Techapichetvanich Thanya , Eimpunth Sasima , Manuskiatti Woraphong , Wanitphakdeedecha Rungsima 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) has been used for medical purposes for decades. Approximately 3% of long-term patients do not respond to treatment, which might result from antibody formation. This study aimed to compare the antibody levels in patients receiving intradermal and intramuscular toxin injections of several types of BoNT/A. One hundred twenty subjects were divided into groups receiving either intradermal or intramuscular injections. Each group was equally divided into 6 subgroups receiving one of the 6 types of BoNT/A (incobotulinumtoxinA, onabotulinumtoxinA, abobotulinumtoxinA, letibotulinumtoxinA1, letibotulinumtoxinA2, and prabotulinumtoxinA). Blood was drawn from each subject, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were used to detect total human immunoglobulin G (hIgG) specific to the whole molecule of BoNT/A, hIgG against active sites and complexing proteins of BoNT/A. Intradermal injection induced higher levels of BoNT/A specific hIgG than the intramuscular injection did for every type of BoNT/A except for letibotulinumtoxinA. The level of hIgG against active sites of BoNT/A increased after the injections and peaked at day 30 before gradually decreasing. The levels of hIgG specific to complexing proteins did not change significantly over the course of the study. However, the levels of hIgG specific to either active sites or complexing proteins were lower than cut-off points in BoNT/A treatment responders. In summary, our finding suggested that intramuscular BoNT/A injections could be preferable for facial treatment, with retreatment after 90 days of treatment to minimize antibody production.
Multi-omics and Multi-VOIs to Predict Esophageal Fistula in Esophageal Cancer Patients Treated with Radiotherapy
Authors: Guo Wei , Li Bing , Xu Wencai , Cheng Chen , Qiu Chengyu , Sam Sai-kit , Zhang Jiang , Teng Xinzhi , Meng Lingguang , Zheng Xiaoli , Wang Yuan , Lou Zhaoyang , Mao Ronghu , Lei Hongchang , Zhang Yuanpeng , Zhou Ta , Cai Jing , Ge Hong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to develop a prediction model for esophageal fistula (EF) in esophageal cancer (EC) patients treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), by integrating multi-omics features from multiple volumes-of-interest (VOIs).
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed pretreatment planning computed tomographic (CT) images, three-dimensional dose distributions, and clinical factors of 287 EC patients. Nine groups of features from different combination of omics [Radiomics (R), Dosiomics (D), and RD (the combination of R and D)], and VOIs [esophagus (ESO), gross tumor volume (GTV), and EG (the combination of ESO and GTV)] were extracted and separately selected by unsupervised and supervised approaches. The final model performance was evaluated using five metrics: average area under the receiver-operator-characteristics curve (AUC), accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score.
Results: For multi-omics using RD features, the model performance in EG model shows：AUC, 0.817±0.031; 95% CI: 0.805, 0.825; p＜0.001, which is better than single VOI (ESO or GTV).
Conclusion: Integrating multi-omics features from multi-VOIs enables better prediction of EF in EC patients treated with IMRT. The incorporation of dosiomics features can enhance the model performance of the prediction.
Wireless Capsule Endoscopy Multiclass Classification Using 3D Deep CNN Model
Authors: Bordbar Mehrdokht , Helfroush Mohammad Sadegh , Danyali Habibollah , Ejtehadi Fardad 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) is a patient-friendly and non-invasive technology that scans the whole of the gastrointestinal tract, including difficult-to-access regions like the small bowel. The major drawback of this technology is that the visual inspection of a large number of video frames produced during each examination makes the physician diagnosis process tedious and prone to error. Several computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems, such as deep network models, have been developed for the automatic recognition of abnormalities in WCE frames. Nevertheless, most of these studies have only focused on spatial information within individual WCE frames, missing the crucial temporal data within consecutive frames. In this article an automatic multiclass classification system based on a 3D deep convolutional neural network (3D-CNN) is proposed, which utilizes the spatiotemporal information to facilitate the WCE diagnosis process. 3D-CNN model is fed with a series of sequential WCE frames in contrast to the 2D model, which exploits frames as independent ones. Moreover, the proposed 3D deep model is compared with some pre-trained networks. The proposed models are trained and evaluated with 29 subject WCE videos (14691 frames before augmentation). The performance advantages of 3D-CNN over 2D-CNN and pre-trained networks are verified in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. 3D-CNN outperforms the 2D technique in all evaluation metrics (Sensitivity: 98.92 vs. 98.05, Specificity: 99.50 vs. 86.94, Accuracy: 99.20 vs. 92.60). In conclusion, a novel 3D-CNN model for lesion detection in WCE frames is proposed in this study. The results indicate the performance of 3D-CNN over 2D-CNN and some well-known pre-trained classifier networks. The proposed 3D-CNN model uses the rich temporal information in adjacent frames as well as spatial data to develop an accurate and efficient model.
Comparison of thin-walled introducer needle and catheter-over-needle technique in ultrasound-guided venous access port implantation for pediatric patients
Authors: Yu Ping , Yang Xiaosong , Xie Xing , Leng Fengmei , Wang Jian , Guo Jin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of thin-walled introducer needle and catheter-over-needle techniques for ultrasound (US)-guided venous access port implantation for pediatric patients.
Methods
Retrospectively, a cohort of 185 pediatric individuals who underwent venous access port implantation at our institution between January 2021 and August 2022 were included. All patients received the same standardized anesthesia scheme. During the implantation of venous access ports guided by US, the needle group (n = 92) utilized the technique of thin-walled introducer needles, whereas the catheter group (n = 93) used the technique of catheter-over-needle. Recorded were the rates of successful venous puncture and insertion of the guide wire, along with the occurrence of early complications.
Results
The catheter group had a significantly higher success rate of guide wire insertion on the first attempt compared to the needle group (92.5% vs. 81.5%, P = 0.027).There were 9 patients developed venous thrombosis in the catheter group far less than those (20 patients) in the needle group significantly (9.7% vs. 21.7%; P = 0.024). One patient in the needle group was found to have a venous hematoma.
Conclusion
Compared with the thin-walled introducer needle technique, the catheter-over-needle technique showed advantages.
Risk Factors for Antibiotic Resistance and Survival Analysis of Severe Pneumonia Patients Infected with MDR and XDR Pathogens: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Singh Gurmeet , Loho Tonny , Yulianti Mira , Aditianingsih Dita , Zakiyah Laila Fakhriyatuz , Masse Sudirman Fakhruddin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: One of the most important challenges to global public health is antimicrobial resistance. Prominent forms of antimicrobial-resistant infections include multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) pathogens. This study aimed to identify risk factors forantimicrobial resistance and conduct a survival analysis of patients with MDR and XDR pathogens among severe pneumonia patients.
Methods: This retrospective study collected data from severe pneumonia patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) from January 2016 to December 2022. Four hundred fifteen severe pneumonia patients were enrolled in our study. Respiratory specimens were collected via bronchial washing. Risk factors for antimicrobial resistance and 30-day mortality were analyzed. Bivariate analysis was performed to analyze the association of subject characteristics with antibiotic susceptibility using 2x2 table in chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests. Variables with p values<.25 were further analyzed with multivariate logistic regression. All p values <.05 were considered statistically significant. Kaplan‒Meier survival curves were generated with the log-rank test.
Results: Three hundred thirty-three subjects with multidrug-resistant pathogens were analyzed. Klebsiella pneumoniae (29%), Acinetobacter baumannii (24%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12%) were the most frequently isolated pathogens. The majority of patients with underlying cerebrovascular disease, sepsis and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) had aminoglycoside, carbapenem and quinolone resistance (p <.05). There was no significant difference in survival between the MDR and XDR groups (p = 0,634).
Conclusions : Our study showed a high incidence rate of gram-negative pathogens isolated from severe pneumonia patients in the ICU setting. Awareness of risk factors for antimicrobial resistance may contribute to the management of severe pneumonia patients and antibiotic stewardship. Further prospective studies are needed to establish a causal relationship of antimicrobial resistance with carbapenems, quinolones and aminoglycosides. Additionally, analyzing drug resistance genes is essential to improve the identification of MDR and XDR pathogens.
Analysis of the clinical effect of intertrochanteric fracture in the treatment of patients with minor trochanteric fracture
Authors: Wang Jian-guang , Wu Jun-xian , Xu You-yin , Han Xiao-bin , Li Yu-min 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy in the treatment of intertrochanteric fracture in conjunction with trochanter minor fracture through intramedullary nail fixation.
Methods A retrospective study was conducted in the Civil Aviation General Hospital from the records of 94 patients with intertrochanteric femur fracture from February 2017 to September 2020.According to different treatment plans, patients were divided into a study group, control group, and observation group.The 14 patients in the study group displayed intertrochanteric femur fracture with displaced fracture of the lesser trochanter that underwent intramedullary nail fixation, and fixation and reduction of the lesser trochanter. The 40 patients in the control group displayed intertrochanteric femur fracture with displaced fracture of the lesser trochanter that only underwent intramedullary nail fixation. The 40 patients in the observation group displayed intertrochanteric femur fracture without displaced fracture of the lesser trochanter that underwent intramedullary nail fixation. The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, fracture healing time, and postoperative hip joint function (Harris Hip Score, HHS) were compared in each group.
Results The operative time of the study group was longer than the control group; the amount of intraoperative blood loss in the study group was more than the control group; the fracture healing time in the study group was shorter than the control group; the HHS of postoperative hip joint function in the study group was better than the control group; the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The operative time of the study group was longer than the observation group; the amount of intraoperative blood loss in the study group was more than the observation group; the fracture healing time in the study group was shorter than the observation group; the HHS of postoperative hip joint function in the study group was better than the observation group; the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).
Conclusion In the treatment of intertrochanteric fracture in combination with trochanter minor fractures, with or without displacement of the lesser trochanter, reduction and fixation of the lesser trochanter are recommended to promote fracture healing and functional recovery and should be applied and promoted in clinical practices.
Evaluating the performance of doubled haploid derived from synthetic hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under juvenile heat stress condition
Authors: Singh Tavisha , Bedi Seema , Sharma Achla , Kaur Satinder 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Global food security faces two major challenges, the exponentially increasing population and the constantly shifting environmental conditions which necessitate the development of way outs to improve crop productivity. One of the approaches involve the exploration and evaluation of genetic resources, especially wild relatives of crop, to enhance their ability to tolerate environment stress. Thus, an experiment was conducted to screen the doubled haploid derived from two synthetic wheats and two hexaploid wheats i.e., SHW14102 x BWL4444, SHW14102 x BWL3531 and SHW3761 x BWL4444 along with five check cultivars sown for two distinct sowing dates for the years 2020–21 and 2021–2022. In this study, augmented design was employed. The doubled haploids were assessed for phenological, physiological and yield traits. Genetic variability analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering were shown to be valuable methods in determining the best lines for juvenile heat stress. Based on the results of genetic variability analysis, 100 double haploids (DH) out of 390 population were selected for further multivariate analysis. According to the, PCA and cluster analysis the (100) were screened for yield traits and differentiated into three clusters. Cluster 1 had maximum value for grain yield, biomass and thousand grain weight thus, suggesting those as a potential germplasm.
Anopheles arabiensis continues to be the primary vector of Plasmodium falciparum after decades of malaria control in southwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Eligo Nigatu , Wegayehu Teklu , Pareyn Myrthe , Tamiru Girum , Lindtjørn Bernt , Massebo Fekadu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Investigating the species distribution and their role in malaria transmission is important as it varies from place to place and is highly needed to design interventions appropriate to the site. The current study aimed to investigate the Anopheles mosquito species distribution and their infection rate in southwestern Ethiopia.
Methods: This study was conducted in 14 malaria-endemic villages, which were situated in eight different malaria-endemic districts and four zones in southwestern Ethiopia. Ten per cent of households in each village were visited to collect adult mosquitoes using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) light traps. The larval and pupal collection was done from breeding sites within the villages, and collected specimens were reared to adults. Female mosquitoes were morphologically identified. The head and thorax of adult Anopheles mosquitoes were tested for circum-sporozoite proteins (CSPs) using ELISA. At the same time, legs, wings, and abdomen were used to identify sibling species using PCR targeting the rDNA intergenic spacers region and the internal transcribed spacer 2 region genes for species typing of the An. funestus and An. gambiae complex, respectively.
Results: A total of 1445 Anopheles mosquitoes comprising eight species were collected. Of 813 An. gambiae complex tested by PCR, 785 (97%) were An. arabiensis, and the remaining 28 (3%) were not amplified. There were 133 An. funestus complex captured and tested for speciation, of which 117 (88%) were positive for An. parensis, and 15 (11%) were not amplified. A single specimen (1%) showed a band with a different base pair length from the known An. funestuscomplex species. Sequencing revealed this was An. sergentii. Among 1399 Anopheles tested for CSPs by ELISA, 5 (0.4%) An. arabiensis were positive for Plasmodium falciparum and a single (0.07%) was positive for P. vivax.
Conclusions: Anopheles arabiensis continues to play the principal role in malaria transmission despite implementing indoor-based interventions for decades. Sequencing results suggest that An. sergentiibelongs to the An. funestus complex.
ScaffoldGVAE: Scaffold Generation and Hopping of Drug Molecules via a Variational Autoencoder Based on Multi-View Graph Neural Networks
Authors: Hu Chao , Li Song , Yang Chenxing , Chen Jun , Xiong Yi , Fan Guisheng , Liu Hao , Hong Liang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In recent years, drug design has been revolutionized by the application of deep learning techniques, and molecule generation is a crucial aspect of this transformation. However, most of the current deep learning approaches do not explicitly consider and apply scaffold hopping strategy when performing molecular generation. In this work, we propose ScaffoldGVAE, a variational autoencoder based on multi-view graph neural networks, for scaffold generation and scaffold hopping of drug molecules. The model integrates several important components, such as node-central and edge-central message passing, side-chain embedding, and Gaussian mixture distribution of scaffolds. To assess the efficacy of our model, we conduct a comprehensive evaluation and comparison with baseline models based on seven general generative model evaluation metrics and four scaffold hopping generative model evaluation metrics. The results demonstrate that ScaffoldGVAE can explore the unseen chemical space and generate novel molecules distinct from known compounds. Especially, the scaffold hopped molecules generated by our model are validated by the evaluation of GraphDTA, LeDock, and MM/GBSA. The case study of generating inhibitors of LRRK2 for the treatment of PD further demonstrates the effectiveness of ScaffoldGVAE in generating novel compounds through scaffold hopping. This novel approach we developed can also be applied to other protein targets of various diseases, thereby contributing to the future development of new drugs. Source codes and data are available at https://github.com/ecust-hc/ScaffoldGVAE.
Impact of rs1805127 and rs55742440 Variants on Atrial Remodeling in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: A Romanian Cohort Study
Authors: Popa-Fotea Nicoleta-Monica , Oprescu Nicoleta , Scafa-Udriste Alexandru , Micheu Miruna-Mihaela 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Atrial fibrillation (AFib), the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmia globally, is characterized by a complex genetic component. In hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, the most commonly encountered genetic cardiac disease, atrial fibrillation is frequently reported in about 20 to 25%, its appearance being associated with poor long-term prognosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between variation in genes related to cardiac ion handling and AFib in a cohort of Romanian patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).
Methods
Forty-five unrelated probands with HCM were genotyped by targeted next generation sequencing (NGS) for 24 genes associated with cardiac ion channels and ion homeostasis. Subsequently, the study cohort was divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of AFib detected during ECG monitoring.
Results
We identified two polymorphisms (rs1805127, c.112A > G located in KCNE1 and rs55742440, c.629T > C located in SCN1B) linked to AFib susceptibility. In AFib group, rs1805127 was associated with increased indexed left atrial (LA) maximal volume (LAVmax = 58.42 ± 21 ml/m2 vs LAVmax = 32.54 ± 6.47 ml/m2, p < 0.001) and impaired LA strain reservoir (LASr = 13.3 ± 7.5% vs LASr = 24.4 ± 6.8%, p < 0.05) compared to those without respective variant. The rs55742440 allele was less frequent in patients with AFib (12 out of 25, 48%) compared to those without arrhythmia (15 out of 20, 75%, p = 0.05). Also, AFib + c.629T > C carriers had significantly lower LAVmax compared to those genotype-negative.
Conclusion
Among patients with HCM and AFib, rs1805127 variant was accompanied by pronounced LA remodeling, whereas rs55742440’s presence was related to a milder LA enlargement.
A Collaborative Ledger Storing Model for Lightweight Blockchains based on Chord Ring
Authors: Nie ZiXiang , Li Jin , Duan FengHui , Lu Yueming 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A Blockchain is one distributed ledger system, and keeps the high redundancy of ledger copies to make the assurance of network security. However, the continuously duplicated full copies also impose a tremendous amount of demand on some nodes for data storage. The development of blockchain technologies in the IoT(Internet of Things) application scenario is hampered by the restricted storage capacities of terminal devices used in the IoT edge computing scenario, which makes it difficult to load the full copy with infinite growth. Our paper suggests a collaborative ledger storing model based on Chord Ring to address the issues with lightweight blockchains in data storage. On-chain blocks are split by Chord Ring structure and stored in various node clusters in a decentralized manner, and off-chain blocks at various levels are provided with PoW(Proof of Work) consensus asynchronously and archived centrally to the cloud storage on a regular basis. The theoretical and experimental analysis indicates that this model can reduce the data storage redundancy of blockchains while ensuring the high availability of data and the high decentralization of the network.