bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role Spillover: Roles’ Impacts across Contexts and the EU’s Struggle for Arctic Council Observer Status
Authors: Busch Aslak Veierud 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe way an international actor acts in one context impacts its ability to play a role in other contexts. Expanding on role theoretical insights, I develop a concept of role spillover to account for the ways in which roles interact across contexts. Acting in accordance with expectations in one context might not benefit an actor in another context; it can either support or impede an actor’s ability to play its preferred role elsewhere. I demonstrate this through a case study of the European Union (EU)’s bid for observer status at the Arctic Council, which has been left in limbo despite observing the Council’s work de facto for over 15 years. The EU’s issues with achieving permanent observer status can be explained by spillover from the EU’s role in animal welfare debates and its role as a strategic competitor to Russia. In both cases, the EU’s ability to take on its preferred role in the Arctic was hindered by role play elsewhere.
Hawks versus Doves: Who Leads American Foreign Policy in the US Congress?
Authors: Bendix William , Jeong Gyung-Ho 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe combination of partisan polarization and controversial military engagements has produced contentious debates over US foreign policy in Congress. Who has been winning these debates and exerting greater influence over the development of security and defense bills, hawkish or dovish legislators? The literature offers competing answers—on the one hand, arguing that hawks enjoy policy advantages because of Congress’s commitment to US hegemony and, on the other, claiming that doves gain policy openings because of shifting partisan and security conditions. To determine the influence of hawkish versus dovish legislators, we examine congressional actions on all defense spending bills from 1971 to 2016. Specifically, we track roll call votes to see which legislators enjoy the greatest support for their measures. We find that hawks have disproportionate influence over the content of defense bills, whether Republicans or Democrats are in control, and whether the United States is at war or enjoying relative peace.
The Mitochondrial Genome of the Holoparasitic PlantThonningia sanguineaProvides Insights into the Evolution of the Multichromosomal Structure
Authors: Zhou Shuaixi , Wei Neng , Jost Matthias , Wanke Stefan , Rees Mathew , Liu Ying , Zhou Renchao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMultichromosomal mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) structures have repeatedly evolved in many lineages of angiosperms. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The mitogenomes of three genera of Balanophoraceae, namely Lophophytum, Ombrophytum, and Rhopalocnemis, have already been sequenced and assembled, all showing a highly multichromosomal structure, albeit with different genome and chromosome sizes. It is expected that characterization of additional lineages of this family may expand the knowledge of mitogenome diversity and provide insights into the evolution of the plant mitogenome structure and size. Here, we assembled and characterized the mitogenome of Thonningia sanguinea, which, together with Balanophora, forms a clade sister to the clade comprising Lophophytum, Ombrophytum, and Rhopalocnemis. The mitogenome of T. sanguinea possesses a multichromosomal structure of 18 circular chromosomes of 8.7–19.2 kb, with a total size of 246,247 bp. There are very limited shared regions and poor chromosomal correspondence between T. sanguinea and other Balanophoraceae species, suggesting frequent rearrangements and rapid sequence turnover. Numerous medium- and small-sized repeats were identified in the T. sanguinea mitogenome; however, no repeat-mediated recombination was detected, which was verified by Illumina reads mapping and PCR experiments. Intraspecific mitogenome variations in T. sanguinea are mostly insertions and deletions, some of which can lead to degradation of perfect repeats in one or two accessions. Based on the mitogenome features of T. sanguinea, we propose a mechanism to explain the evolution of a multichromosomal mitogenome from a master circle, which involves mutation in organellar DNA replication, recombination and repair genes, decrease of recombination, and repeat degradation.
The Communicating Needs and Features of IBD Experiences (CONFIDE) Study: US and European Patient and Health Care Professional Perceptions of the Experience and Impact of Symptoms of Moderate-to-Severe Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Travis Simon , Potts Bleakman Alison , Dubinsky Marla C , Schreiber Stefan , Panaccione Remo , Hibi Toshifumi , Hunter Gibble Theresa , Kayhan Cem , Atkinson Christian , Sapin Christophe , Flynn Eoin J , Rubin David T 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
The Communicating Needs and Features of IBD Experiences (CONFIDE) study aimed to evaluate the experience and impact of ulcerative colitis (UC) symptoms on patients’ lives and elucidate gaps in communication between patients and health care professionals (HCPs).

Methods
Online, quantitative, cross-sectional surveys of patients with moderate-to-severe UC and HCPs responsible for making prescribing decisions were conducted in the United States (US) and Europe. UC disease severity was defined by treatment, steroid use, and/or hospitalization history.

Results
Surveys were completed by 200 US and 556 European patients and 200 US and 503 European HCPs. The most common UC symptoms experienced in the preceding month were diarrhea, bowel urgency, and increased stool frequency. Many patients (45.0% of US patients, 37.0% of European patients) reported wearing diapers/pads/protection at least once a week in the past 3 months due to fear/anticipation of fecal urge incontinence. The top reasons for declining participation in social events, work/school, and sports/exercise were due to bowel urgency and fear of fecal urge incontinence. HCPs ranked diarrhea, blood in stool, and increased stool frequency as the most common symptoms. While over half HCPs ranked bowel urgency as a top symptom affecting patients’ lives, less than a quarter ranked it in the top 3 most impactful on treatment decisions.

Conclusions
Similar disparities exist between patient and HCP perceptions in the United States and Europe on the experience and impact of UC symptoms. Bowel urgency has a substantial and similar impact on US and European patients, is underappreciated by HCPs, and should be addressed during routine appointments.
Economic analysis of retired batteries of electric vehicles applied to grid energy storage
Authors: Li Jialu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Electric vehicles (EVs) are widely used around the world because they are environmentally friendly and not dependent on oil. However, as the battery cycles increase, it becomes unsuitable for EV use and needs to retire when its maximum available capacity decays to 80%. The retirement of a large number of EV power batteries poses a great challenge to the environment and low-carbon living, and the secondary use of batteries is now a very promising solution. The contribution of this paper is the practical analysis of lithium-ion batteries retired from EVs of about 261.3 kWh; detailed analysis of the cost of acquisition, disassembly, reassembly and secondary use; and finally the analysis based on the actual operating conditions of photovoltaic (PV)-load grid. We calculate that the cost of secondary use batteries can be recovered in about 2.5 years because of its very low cost, about 300yuan/kWh, but its performance is not worse than new batteries, compared with the three times cost difference. The secondary use battery applied to renewable energy, such as PV and wind energy storage, is very economical and has very good application prospects.
Cucurbitacin B Exerts Significant Antidepressant-Like Effects in a Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress Model of Depression: Involvement of the Hippocampal BDNF-TrkB System
Authors: Ge Jian-Bin , Jiang Bo , Shi Tian-Shun , Li Wei-Yu , Chen Wei-Jia , Zhu Bao-Lun , Qin Zheng-Hong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Although depression has been a serious neuropsychiatric disorder worldwide, current antidepressants used in clinical practice have various weaknesses, including delayed onset and low rates of efficacy. Recently, the development of new antidepressants from natural herbal medicine has become one of the important research hotspots. Cucurbitacin B is a natural compound widely distributed in the Cucurbitaceae and Cruciferae families and has many pharmacological activities. The present study aimed to investigate whether cucurbitacin B possess antidepressant-like effects in mice.

Methods
The antidepressant-like effects of cucurbitacin B on mice behaviors were explored using the forced swim test, tail suspension test, open field test, sucrose preference test, and a chronic unpredictable mild stress model of depression together. Then, western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to examine the effects of cucurbitacin B on the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) signaling cascade and neurogenesis in the hippocampus of mice. Furthermore, BDNF-short hairpin RNA, K252a, and p-chlorophenylalanine methyl ester were adopted together to determine the antidepressant mechanism of cucurbitacin B.

Results
It was found that administration of cucurbitacin B indeed produced notable antidepressant-like effects in mice, which were accompanied with significant promotion in both the hippocampal BDNF-TrkB pathway and neurogenesis. The antidepressant mechanism of cucurbitacin B involves the hippocampal BDNF-TrkB system but not the serotonin system.

Conclusions
Cucurbitacin B has the potential to be a novel antidepressant candidate.
Application of Cervical Epidural Anesthesia and Analgesia to the Patient With 90% Burnt Surface Area
Authors: Acil Fatma , Dedeoğlu Andaç , Andıç Okan , Kaya Sedat , Kaçar Cem Kıvılcım 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Patients with an extremely large, burnt surface area have a high mortality rate. The follow-up, treatment, and intraoperative anesthesia practices of these patients in the ICU pose serious challenges. In this case, the experience of anesthesia and analgesia using cervical epidural anesthesia, which is not frequently used in anesthesia routine, applied to a patient with a 90% burnt surface area is shared. It was aimed to evaluate the contribution of effective non-opioid analgesia, early mobilization, and nutrition applied to the patient’s recovery.
Lung Protection After Severe Thermal Burns With Adenosine, Lidocaine, and Magnesium (ALM) Resuscitation and Importance of Shams in a Rat Model
Authors: Davenport Lisa M , Letson Hayley L , Dobson Geoffrey P 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe management of severe burns remains a complex challenge. Adenosine, lidocaine, and magnesium (ALM) resuscitation therapy has been shown to protect against hemorrhagic shock and traumatic injury. The aim of the present study was to investigate the early protective effects of small-volume ALM fluid resuscitation in a rat model of 30% total body surface area (TBSA) thermal injury. Male Sprague–Dawley rats (320–340 g; n = 25) were randomly assigned to: 1) Sham (surgical instrumentation and saline infusion, without burn, n = 5), 2) Saline resuscitation group (n = 10), or 3) ALM resuscitation group (n = 10). Treatments were initiated 15-min after burn trauma, including 0.7 mL/kg 3% NaCl ± ALM bolus and 0.25–0.5 mL/kg/h 0.9% NaCl ± ALM drip, with animals monitored to 8.25-hr post-burn. Hemodynamics, cardiac function, blood chemistry, hematology, endothelial injury markers and histopathology were assessed. Survival was 100% for Shams and 90% for both ALM and Saline groups. Shams underwent significant physiological, immune and hematological changes over time as a result of surgical traums. ALM significantly reduced malondialdehyde levels in the lungs compared to Saline (P = .023), and showed minimal alveolar destruction and inflammatory cell infiltration (P &lt; .001). ALM also improved cardiac function and oxygen delivery (21%, P = .418 vs Saline), reduced gut injury (P &lt; .001 vs Saline), and increased plasma adiponectin (P &lt; .001 vs baseline). Circulating levels of the acute phase protein alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) increased 1.6-times (P &lt; .001), which may have impacted ALM's therapeutic efficacy. We conclude that small-volume ALM therapy significantly reduced lung oxidative stress and preserved alveolar integrity following severe burn trauma. Further studies are required to assess higher ALM doses with longer monitoring periods.
Creating the Bowes Museum
Authors: Spier Simon 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This article examines the role of French antique dealers and the auction sales that took place at the Hôtel Drouot in Paris in the 1860s and 1870s in forming the sizeable collection of fine and decorative art of John and Joséphine Bowes, founders of the Bowes Museum in County Durham. Using primary sources published here for the first time, and presenting an extensive online Appendix of auction sales that appear in the archive at the Bowes Museum, it will demonstrate that the Bowes participated in a collecting network that was the product of a rapidly expanding art market in the second half of the nineteenth century. This argues against previous studies of the Bowes’ collecting, which have viewed them as singular and idiosyncratic collectors, and instead places them in the context of emerging private collections such as the Wallace Collection and public institutions such as the South Kensington Museum. However, rather than suggesting that the Bowes emulated private and institutional collectors such as Sir Richard Wallace and Sir John Charles Robinson, it is shown that the sophistication of the art market at this point allowed for diversity in collecting, allowing less wealthy and lower-status collectors to form collections of note.
Distinct early transcriptional regulations by turgor and osmotic potential in the roots of Arabidopsis
Authors: Crabos Amandine , Huang Yunji , Boursat Thomas , Maurel Christophe , Ruffel Sandrine , Krouk Gabriel , Boursiac Yann 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In a context of climate change, deciphering signaling pathways driving plant adaptation to drought, changes in water availability, and salt is key. A crossing point of these plant stresses is their impact on plant water potential (Ψ), a composite physico-chemical variable reflecting the availability of water for biological processes such as plant growth and stomatal aperture. The Ψ of plant cells is mainly driven by their turgor and osmotic pressures. Here we investigated the effect of a variety of osmotic treatments on the roots of Arabidopsis plants grown in hydroponics. We used, among others, a permeating solute as a way to differentiate variations on turgor from variations in osmotic pressure. Measurement of cortical cell turgor pressure with a cell pressure probe allowed us to monitor the intensity of the treatments and thereby preserve the cortex from plasmolysis. Transcriptome analyses at an early time point (15 min) showed specific and quantitative transcriptomic responses to both osmotic and turgor pressure variations. Our results highlight how water-related biophysical parameters can shape the transcriptome of roots under stress and provide putative candidates to explore further the early perception of water stress in plants.
Sub-m s−1 upper limits from a deep HARPS-N radial-velocity search for planets orbiting HD 166620 and HD 144579
Authors: Anna John A , Collier Cameron A , Faria J P , Mortier A , Wilson T G , Malavolta L , Buchhave L A , Dumusque X , López-Morales M , Haywood R D , Rice K , Sozzetti A , Latham D W , Udry S , Pepe F , Pinamonti M , Vanderburg A , Ghedina A , Cosentino R , Stalport M , Nicholson B A , Fiorenzano A , Poretti E 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Minimizing the impact of stellar variability in radial velocity (RV) measurements is a critical challenge in achieving the 10 cm s−1 precision needed to hunt for Earth twins. Since 2012, a dedicated programme has been underway with HARPS-N, to conduct a blind RV rocky planets search (RPS) around bright stars in the Northern hemisphere. Here we describe the results of a comprehensive search for planetary systems in two RPS targets, HD 166620 and HD 144579. Using wavelength-domain line-profile decorrelation vectors to mitigate the stellar activity and performing a deep search for planetary reflex motions using a trans-dimensional nested sampler, we found no significant planetary signals in the data sets of either of the stars. We validated the results via data-splitting and injection recovery tests. Additionally, we obtained the 95th percentile detection limits on the HARPS-N RVs. We found that the likelihood of finding a low-mass planet increases noticeably across a wide period range when the inherent stellar variability is corrected for using scalpelsU-vectors. We are able to detect planet signals with Msin i ≤ 1 M⊕ for orbital periods shorter than 10 d. We demonstrate that with our decorrelation technique, we are able to detect signals as low as 54 cm s−1, which brings us closer to the calibration limit of 50 cm s−1 demonstrated by HARPS-N. Therefore, we show that we can push down towards the RV precision required to find Earth analogues using high-precision radial velocity data with novel data-analysis techniques.
Multidisciplinary Teams for the Management of Infective Endocarditis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Roy Anne-Sophie , Hagh-Doust Hamila , Abdul Azim Ahmed , Caceres Juan , Denholm Justin T , Dong Mei Qin (Denise) , King Madeline , Yen Christina F , Lee Todd C , McDonald Emily G 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
The management of infective endocarditis (IE) is complex owing to a high burden of morbidity and mortality. Recent guidelines recommend dedicated multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) for the management of IE. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate and summarize the effect of MDT management on patient outcomes.

Methods
A systematic review was performed and, where feasible, results were meta-analyzed; otherwise, results were summarized narratively. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed in duplicate. Restricted maximum likelihood random effects models were used to calculate unadjusted risk ratios and 95% CIs.

Results
Screening of 2343 studies based on title and abstract yielded 60 full-text reviews; 18 studies were summarized narratively, of which 15 were included in a meta-analysis of short-term mortality. Meta-analysis resulted in a risk ratio of 0.61 (95% CI, .47–.78; I2 = 62%) for mortality in favor of a dedicated MDT as compared with usual care. Length of stay was variable, with 55% (10/18) of studies reporting an increased length of stay. Most studies (16/18, 88.9%) reported a decreased time to surgery and an increased rate of surgery (13/18, 73%). No studies reported on patient-reported outcomes.

Conclusions
This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the impact of MDT management on IE. The sum of evidence demonstrated a significant association between MDTs and improved short-term mortality. Further research is needed to evaluate benefits of virtual MDT care, cost-effectiveness, and the impact on patient-reported outcomes and long-term mortality.
nℤ-abelian and nℤ-exact categories
Authors: Ebrahimi Ramin , Nasr-Isfahani Alireza 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce $n\mathbb{Z}$-abelian and $n\mathbb{Z}$-exact categories by axiomatizing properties of $n\mathbb{Z}$-cluster tilting subcategories. We study these categories and show that every $n\mathbb{Z}$-cluster tilting subcategory of an abelian (resp., exact) category has a natural structure of an $n\mathbb{Z}$-abelian (resp., $n\mathbb{Z}$-exact) category. Also, we show that every small $n\mathbb{Z}$-abelian category arises in this way, and discuss the problem for $n\mathbb{Z}$-exact categories.
Calprotectin: two sides of the same coin
Authors: Carnazzo Valeria , Redi Serena , Basile Valerio , Natali Patrizia , Gulli Francesca , Equitani Francesco , Marino Mariapaola , Basile Umberto 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Calprotectin (CLP) is a calcium-binding protein produced by neutrophils and monocytes in the course of inflammation. Today, the role of faecal CLP in chronic IBD is well known, but in recent years attention has shifted towards circulating CLP. In fact, this molecule can be measured in different biological fluids: blood, saliva and urine, using different analytic methods that are described in this review. Furthermore, different data confirm the relevant role of serum CLP in autoimmune diseases. In this review we will highlight the correlation between high levels of circulating CLP and specific autoantibodies of major autoimmune pathologies paving the way to the employment of CLP measurement as useful biomarker for monitoring outcome in different pathologies.
Peripheral nervous system is injured by neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) elicited by nonstructural (NS) protein‐1 from Zika virus
Authors: de Siqueira Santos Raphael , Rochael Natalia Cadaxo , Mattos Thayana Roberta F. , Fallett e Silva Matheus Felipe , Linhares‐Lacerda Leandra , de Oliveira Leandro Teixeira , Cunha Marcela Sabino , Mohana‐Borges Ronaldo , Gomes Tiago Araujo , Barbosa‐Silva Maria Carolina , Maron‐Gutierrez Tatiana , Foguel Debora , Saraiva Elvira Maria 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe involvement of innate immune mediators to the Zika virus (ZIKV)‐induced neuroinflammation is not yet well known. Here, we investigated whether neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which are scaffolds of DNA associated with proteins, have the potential to injure peripheral nervous. The tissue lesions were evaluated after adding NETs to dorsal root ganglia (DRG) explants and to DRG constituent cells or injecting them into mouse sciatic nerves. Identification of NET harmful components was achieved by pharmacological inhibition of NET constituents. We found that ZIKV inoculation into sciatic nerves recruited neutrophils and elicited the production of the cytokines CXCL1 and IL‐1β, classical NET inducers, but did not trigger NET formation. ZIKV blocked PMA‐ and CXCL8‐induced NET release, but, in contrast, the ZIKV nonstructural protein (NS)‐1 induced NET formation. NET‐enriched supernatants were toxic to DRG explants, decreasing neurite area, length, and arborization. NETs were toxic to DRG constituent cells and affected myelinating cells. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and histones were identified as the harmful component of NETs. NS1 injection into mouse sciatic nerves recruited neutrophils and triggered NET release and caspase‐3 activation, events that were also elicited by the injection of purified MPO. In summary, we found that ZIKV NS1 protein induces NET formation, which causes nervous tissue damages. Our findings reveal new mechanisms leading to neuroinflammation by ZIKV.