bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Healthcare System Responsiveness in Covid-19: An Experience from Capital City of I.R of Iran
Authors: Forouzan Ameneh Setareh , Mirabzadeh Arash , Falahat Katayoun , Banazadeh Zahra , Eftekhari Monir Baradaran 
Published: March 2023

Background:
As a public health emergency, coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is a threat to our future; therefore, appropriate health system responsiveness (HSR), as an important criterion, is of crucial importance. This study aimed to evaluate the different dimensions of responsiveness of healthcare centers, both public and private, providing COVID-19 services in Tehran.

Methods:
Following a cross-sectional design, this study was conducted in Tehran (the capital city of I.R. Iran) from May to November 2020. Data were collected using the World Health Organization (WHO) questionnaire on responsiveness. Two hundred questionnaires were filled out through face-to-face or phone call interviews in two public and private hospitals (100 in each) providing Covid-19 services. Participants were selected using the convenience sampling technique among all those who received Covid-19 services during the past six months in the city of Tehran.

Results:
The mean age of participants was 45.9 ± 15.9 and 51.5% were female. On an average, 52.6% of the respondents evaluated at least one dimension of responsiveness as appropriate and/or strongly appropriate. Communication obtained the highest score (58.2%), followed by confidentiality (56.5%), dignity (56%), and prompt attention (52%). Meanwhile, autonomy and choice were evaluated as poor (moderate, weak, and strongly weak) by 63.5 and 52.5% of respondents. There was no significant association between the type of healthcare center (i.e., public or private) and responsiveness (p-value = 0.896). However, there was a significant difference between gender (p-value = 0.036) and education level (p-value = 0.014) with responsiveness. According to the respondents, prompt attention and choice were the most and least important dimensions, respectively.

Conclusions:
Evaluation of HSR in the era of COVID-19 not only provides a tool for qualitative assessment of services but also plays an important role in providing feedback to policymakers to adopt effective policies.
Design and Evaluating Psychometric Properties of the Eye Care Behaviors Assessment Instrument
Authors: Chatripour Rahmat , Feizi Awat , Zamani-Alavijeh Fereshteh , Beni Afsaneh Naderi , Mazaheri Maryam Amidi 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Eye health is essential for quality-of-life. The present study aimed to design an eye care behaviors assessment instrument for the student community and evaluate its psychometric properties.

Methods:
The present mixed-method cross-sectional study was conducted in two sections using Creswell and Plano Clark methods for instrument development. The study was conducted in Isfahan, Iran, in 2021. The first section (textual analysis and qualitative research) explained and developed the instrument's fundamental items. This section included in-depth, semistructured interviews with 21 students and eight experts. The second section measured the psychometric properties of the instrument. Twenty students assessed the instrument's qualitative and quantitative face validity in this section. The instrument's content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) were evaluated. In addition, exploratory factor analysis (performed by 251 students) was used to establish construct validity. Internal and test–retest reliability was determined using Cronbach's alpha and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), respectively.

Results:
During face and content validity assessment, a 37-item questionnaire was finalized. Exploratory factor analysis led to the identification of three factors, including “examinations and glasses-related behaviors,” “symptom-related behaviors,” and “screen-related behaviors.” The three extracted factors accounted for 37.9% of the variance. Cronbach's alpha was equal to 0.874 when evaluating internal consistency, and the ICC value for the total score of the questionnaire was 0.885 (0.810–0.941), indicating excellent test–retest reliability.

Conclusions:
These results demonstrate the questionnaire's validity and reliability. This instrument assesses the prevalence of university students' most significant eye health risk behaviors. Consequently, it helps prevent eye problems.
Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor and macular perfusion in type 2 diabetes mellitus using optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: Gamal El-Deen Asmaa Mohammed , Abd El-Hamid Samar Mohammed , Farrag Enas Ahmed 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

PURPOSE:
To investigate the relationship between serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and changes in macular perfusion in different stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The study was conducted on 72 eyes of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). They were divided into five groups based on their DR stage: no DR (nDR), mild and moderate nonproliferative DR, severe nonproliferative DR, active proliferative DR (aPDR), and stable PDR. The presence or absence of diabetic maculopathy was also used to categorize the cases. All patients underwent a complete history, ophthalmological examination, OCTA imaging, and evaluation of BDNF and glycated hemoglobin A1c levels.

RESULTS:
The mean blood BDNF levels in the aPDR group were considerably lower than those in the nDR group (P = 0.023). In comparison to eyes without maculopathy, eyes with maculopathy had considerably decreased mean blood BDNF levels (P = 0.0004). Comparing NPDR and PDR groups to nDR as well as NPDR and PDR, a substantial decrease in average and parafoveal vessel density (VD) of the retina and choriocapillaries was seen (P = 0.02). The Foveal Avascular Zone (FAZ) acircularity index and VD were found to be significantly impacted by deteriorating DR (P = 0.001 and 0.017, respectively). It was discovered that there is a positive correlation between BDNF and the FAZ fractal dimension (P = 0.03). In diabetic eyes, there was a statistically favorable correlation between BDNF levels and best corrected visual acuity (P = 0.002). Furthermore, there was a negative relationship between DM duration and BDNF (P = 0.021).

CONCLUSION:
Serum BDNF levels decreased with the progression of DR and in patients with maculopathy. BDNF was found to be related to macular perfusion, particularly in the fovea.
Weakly meet $s_{Z}$-continuity and $\delta_{Z}$-continuity
Authors: Hou Huijun , Li Qingguo 
Published: March 2023

Based on the concept of weakly meet $s_{Z}$-continuouity put forward by Xu and Luo in \cite{qzm}, we further prove that if the subset system $Z$ satisfies certain conditions, a poset is $s_{Z}$-continuous if and only if it is weakly meet $s_{Z}$-continuous and $s_{Z}$-quasicontinuous, which improves a related result given by Ruan and Xu in \cite{sz}. Meanwhile, we provide a characterization for the poset to be weakly meet $s_{Z}$-continuous, that is, a poset with a lower hereditary $Z$-Scott topology is weakly meet $s_{Z}$-continuous if and only if it is locally weakly meet $s_{Z}$-continuous. In addition, we introduce a monad on the new category $\mathbf{POSET_{\delta}}$ and characterize its $Eilenberg$-$Moore$ algebras concretely.Comment: 11 pages
The sheaf representation of residuated lattices
Authors: Zhang Huarong , Zhao Dongsheng 
Published: March 2023

The residuated lattices form one of the most important algebras of fuzzy logics and have been heavily studied by people from various different points of view. Sheaf presentations provide a topological approach to many algebraic structures. In this paper, we study the topological properties of prime spectrum of residuated lattices, and then construct a sheaf space to obtain a sheaf representation for each residuated lattice.Comment: This is a paper presented at ISDT9
Representations of Domains via CF-approximation Spaces
Authors: Wu Guojun , Xu Luoshan 
Published: March 2023

Representations of domains mean in a general way representing a domain as a suitable family endowed with set-inclusion order of some mathematical structures. In this paper, representations of domains via CF-approximation spaces are considered. Concepts of CF-approximation spaces and CF-closed sets are introduced. It is proved that the family of CF-closed sets in a CF-approximation space endowed with set-inclusion order is a continuous domain and that every continuous domain is isomorphic to the family of CF-closed sets of some CF-approximation space endowed with set-inclusion order. The concept of CF-approximable relations is introduced using a categorical approach, which later facilitates the proof that the category of CF-approximation spaces and CF-approximable relations is equivalent to that of continuous domains and Scott continuous maps.Comment: 13pages, an interaction of Mathematics and information science
Efek Blok Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) terhadap Intensitas Nyeri dan Kadar Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) Pasca Seksio Sesarea
Authors: Muhtadir Ahmad , Ahmad Muh. Ramli , Muhadi Ratnawati , Husni Tanra Andi , Ambo Ala Husain Lamsyah , Damayanthie Datu Madonna 
Published: March 2023

Latar Belakang: Nyeri pascabedah seksio caesarea merupakan permasalahan sangat penting yang dihadapi pada pasien pascabedah. Blok TAP sebagai bagian dari multimodal analgesia memberikan analgesia yang aman dan efektif pada pasien yang menjalani prosedur seksio caesarea (SC) dapat menurunkan penggunaan opioid, mempercepat waktu mobilisasi dan mengurangi lama perawatan.
Tujuan: mengetahui efek blok TAP terhadap intensitas nyeri dan kadar NGF pascabedah seksio caesarea.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan uji klinis acak tersamar tunggal. Sampel terdiri atas 2 kelompok yakni T1 (kelompok yang tidak mendapatkan blok TAP) dan T2 kelompok yang mendapatkan blok TAP dengan Bupivacain isobarik 0.25% 20 cc setiap sisi pada kedua sisi perut) dengan jumlah sampel masing-masing 20 orang. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik Mann-Whitney U test dan Wilcoxon Z test dengan tingkat kemaknaan α=0,05.
Hasil Penelitian: terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara NRS diam dan gerak pada jam ke 2, jam ke 4, jam ke 6 dan jam ke 12 pascabedah SC antara kelompok T1 dan T2 (p< 0,05). Ditemukan perbedaan bermana kadar NGF pada kelompok kontrol dan intervensi pada 6 jam pascabedah SC (p< 0,05).
Simpulan: Blok TAP menurunkan derajat nyeri dan kadar NGF pascabedah seksio caesarea
Kata kunci: nyeri pascabedah, nerve growth factor, Blok TAP
Rate of Consanguineous Marriages in Afghan Society and Its Effects on Health
Authors: Pameer Aamir Khan 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: This study exposes the rate of consanguineous marriages in afghan population and its effects on the health of their children.
Methodology: A questionnaire was designed to collect the data. A total of 2300 respondents were asked about their socio-demographic and attitude towards consanguineous marriages in which 2201 responded according to criteria. The paper describes the quantitative and qualitative types of surveys, which include field observations and doctor interviews for various positions in private and public health organizations. The target population was the Afghan Community as a whole in Afghanistan.
Findings: By stratified sampling, the respondents highlighted that 69% married people have Paternal and maternal relationship with their partners, among which 47.4% and 33.9% have Paternal and maternal relations respectively. The data analysis exhibits that 20.1% of consanguineous couples mention that their Children have different types of congenital health defects like mental retardation, limb anomalies, stillbirth, recurrent abortion, thalassemia, albinism, cardiovascular, metabolic disorder, dental anomalies, and physical and mental disabilities. Consanguineous marriage was preferred by 66% of Afghans, while 33% of Afghans were not interested in consanguineous marriage. Big families' trend is commonly a sign of pride and honor in the Afghan community. Therefore, consanguineous marriages are widely practiced in afghan population.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practices: Genetics studies have recognized "consanguinity" as one of the major causes of hereditary diseases. The occurrence of congenital abnormalities, mental retardations, and physical disabilities was noted in the offspring of consanguineous couples; thus, it will be helpful to understand consanguinity as a risky practice in Afghan society.
Mechanistic Insight into Al-Zn, Mg, and Al-Mg-Rich Primer Design for Enhanced Cathodic Prevention on Sensitized Al-Mg Alloys
Authors: McMahon M.E. , Korjenic A. , Burns J.T. , Scully J.R. 
Published: March 2023

Three Al-Zn, Mg, and Mg/Al-rich primers (RPs) were evaluated for their ability to suppress intergranular corrosion (IGC) and intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IG-SCC) on highly sensitized aluminum alloy 5456-H116 by sacrificial anode-based cathodic prevention and chemical deposition effects. Tests were conducted in a 0.6 M NaCl solution under full immersion. These evaluations considered the ability of the primer to attain an intermediate open-circuit potential (OCP) such that the galvanic couple potential with bare 5456 resided outside a range of potentials where IGC prevention is observed. The ability of the primer to achieve OCP’s negative enough so that the 5456-H116 could be protected by sacrificial anode-based cathodic prevention and the ability to sustain this function over time were evaluated. The primers consisted of epoxy resins embedded with either (1) spherical Al-5 wt% Zn, (2) spherical Al-5 wt% Zn and spherical Mg, or (3) Mg flake pigments. A variety of electrochemical techniques evaluated the performance specified including OCP, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, diagnostic cycle testing, as well as zero resistance ammeter tests with simultaneous pH measurement. Electrochemical cycle testing demonstrated that Al-5%Zn did not activate or provide cathodic prevention. Mg-RP had a suitable OCP for cathodic protection of 5456 but the time to primer activation as well as the activated potential both decreased upon utilization of Mg flake content in the primer. The pure Mg-RP activated quickly but ceased to achieve protective potentials after 1 to 11 cycles of DC/AC/OCP cycle testing. Cross-sectional analysis demonstrated that some flakes dissolved while uniform surface oxidation occurred on the remaining Mg flakes, which in combination led to impaired activation. The composite Mg plus Al/Zn-RP mixed primer maintained a suitably negative OCP over time, remained activated, dispensed high anodic charge, and remained an anode in zero-resistance ammeter testing. Chemical stability modeling and zero-resistance ammeter testing suggest that Mg corrosion elevates the pH which activates the Al-5 wt% Zn pigments, thereby providing a secondary pathway for sacrificial anode-based cathodic protection which supports the long-lasting cathodic protection achieved by the Al-5 wt% Zn/Mg primer. These analyses set a baseline for the consideration of Al-Zn/Mg-based coatings to establish effective cathodic protection on highly sensitized 5456-H116 in an aggressive alternate immersion environment and illustrate the merit of using Al/Mg-RP.
HEXACO personality factors as predictors of physical activity, resting heart rate, body mass index, and healthy lifestyle behaviors
Authors: Anderson Jonathan , Bloom Myra , Broshous Wyatt , Chen Gladys , Jost Scarlet , Lang Andrew , Neto Luiz , Mankin Nancy , McMahan Ericka , Merheb Jonathan , Nelson Philip , Valderrama-Araya Enrique 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundPersonality traits are known factors that may influence levels of physical activity and other healthy lifestyle measures and behaviors that ultimately lead to health problems later in life.Participants and procedureThe aim of this study was to examine the association between personality traits (HEXACO) and levels of physical activity and resting heart rate (RHR) – measured using Fitbits, BMI, and a self-reported whole-person healthy lifestyle score for N = 2580 college students. Data were collected and analyzed for students enrolled in a University Success type course from August 2017 to May 2021. The relationships between HEXACO personality traits and various physical activity and healthy lifestyle behaviors were analyzed by building several multiple regression models using R version 4.0.2.ResultsIn general, students who are extraverted were more physically active and students who are more open to experience had a higher RHR, even when controlling for gender. Females and males however had different profiles as to how personality influenced physical activity and other health-related measures. Male extraverts with high negative emotionality scores tend to be more physically active, whereas females tend to be more physically active when they were high in extroversion and conscientiousness, and low in openness to experience. BMI values were higher for female participants with high honesty-humility and low agreeableness and conscientiousness scores. Females also had a lower RHR for high honesty-humility and emotionality and low conscientiousness scores.ConclusionsPersonality can influence levels of physical activity, RHR, and BMI. This is especially true of women. Being aware of one’s personality and the relationship of personality traits to levels of physical activity and other measures of leading a healthy lifestyle can be beneficial in determining strategies to improve long-term health outcomes.
Demographic factors, personality, and executive functions as predictors of procrastination
in Polish and Ukrainian youth
Authors: Markiewicz Katarzyna , Oryshchyn-Buzhdyhan Lidiya 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundProcrastination is an irrational and unproductive behavior that disrupts psychological well-being and the quality of interper-sonal relationships. The study aimed to determine the differences between Polish and Ukrainian youth in procrastinating and establish personality and executive functions as predictors of procrastination. Also, cultural differences were taken into account.Participants and procedureIt included 180 students (86 females and 94 males) aged 12 to 17; 84 lived in Lublin, Poland, while 96 lived in Lviv, Ukraine. The Pure Procrastination Scale, Ten Item Personality Inventory, and Comprehensive Executive Function Inventory were used.ResultsThere were no significant differences in the level of procrastination between the whole Polish and Ukrainian groups, but age was an important predictor of procrastination. Gender was not a differentiating factor within the Polish or Ukrainian group. The most stable negative set of predictors of procrastination appeared to be age, agreeableness, and inhibitory control. These traits can be helpful in dealing with procrastination tendencies.ConclusionsOur research shows that an ability to control procrastination depends more on predispositions related to personality traits than on executive function improvement linked to the maturation of the frontal lobes. Combining the demographic, person-ality, and executive variables showed that students in the older age groups were more resistant to procrastination.
Comparison of the effectiveness of electrolysis and microelectrolysis in the treatment of musculoskeletal pain: a systematic review
Authors: de la Barra Ortiz Hernán Andrés , Castillo Rodrigo Chandía , Zarraonandia Megan Denton , Cáceres Isadora Ruiz , Ramírez Vania Rojas 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionMusculoskeletal pain (MSP) is a frequent reason for consultation; its high prevalence is a concern. Recently, different electrolysis modalities have appeared to reduce MSP, although studies supporting their use and comparing them are limited. This study compared the effectiveness of electrolysis modalities in MSP treatment.MethodsThe PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and ScienceDirect electronic databases were searched for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) (last update: September 4, 2020). Three independent researchers reviewed titles and abstracts to determine article eligibility. Risk of bias and quality were assessed with the Cochrane risk of bias tool and the PEDro scale. Pain reduction was the main outcome and changes in range of motion or disability/functionality constituted secondary results.ResultsOverall, 15 RCTs were obtained after eliminating duplicates and applying the selection criteria. Musculoskeletal conditions treated with electrolysis or microelectrolysis included myofascial pain (<i>n</i> = 3), patellar tendinopathy (<i>n</i> = 2), plantar fasciitis (<i>n</i> = 2), pubalgia (<i>n</i> = 1), subacromial impingement (<i>n</i> = 3), epicondylitis (<i>n</i> = 1), calcaneal tendinopathy (<i>n</i> = 2), and whiplash syndrome (<i>n</i> = 1). The studies had a low risk of bias and an average PEDro score of 9. They revealed pain reduction for electrolysis and microelectrolysis at the end of treatment and follow-up evaluations (<i>p</i> < 0.005), and functionality improvement for all experimental groups (<i>p</i> < 0.005).ConclusionsElectrolysis and microelectrolysis treatments reduce pain and improve functionality in MSP conditions. Although both techniques are effective, comparative studies are suggested to determine therapeutic differences and user preferences.
The Effect of Conventional and Distal Radial Access Techniques on Radial Artery Structure and Vascular Functions
Authors: Özkan Can , Kızıltunç Emrullah , Çayhan Velihan , Yakıcı İlyas Emre , Çetin Mustafa , Korkmaz Ahmet , Doğanay Birsen , Örnek Ender 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: To compare radial artery (RA) diameters, intima-media thickness (IMT), and vascular functions before and after conventional and distal RA cannulation. It has been proposed that distal transradial (DTRA) cannulation can reduce RA complications. However, there has been no comparative study examining the effects of DTR and conventional transradial (CTRA) intervention on RA structure and function.
Patients and Methods: Radial artery diameter, IMT, flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) response were measured using conventional and Doppler RA ultrasonography before, and one day and one month after the procedure in patients who underwent CTRA or DTRA.
Results: While baseline and first-day IMT values were similar between the groups, first-month IMT values in the CTRA group were found to be significantly increased compared to those in the DTRA group (CTRA= 0.39 ± 0.10 mm, DTRA= 0.32 ± 0.07 mm, p= 0.016). While proximal RA occlusion developed in three patients who underwent CTRA, it did not develop in any of the patients undergoing DTRA (p= 0.072).
Conclusion: In patients who underwent CTRA, RA IMT increased significantly in the first month after the procedure, compared to patients who underwent DTRA. Proximal RAO was not observed in any of the patients who underwent DTRA.