bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In‐silico selection employing rigid docking and molecular dynamic simulation in selecting DNA aptamers against androgen receptor
Authors: Thevendran Ramesh , Tang Thean‐Hock , Citartan Marimuthu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAptamers are a class of single‐stranded (ss) nucleic acid molecules generated through Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX) that involves iterations of time‐consuming and tedious selection, amplification, and enrichment steps. To compensate for the drawbacks of conventional SELEX, we have devised an in‐silico methodology that facilitates a cost‐effective and facile manner of aptamer selection. Here, we report the isolation of DNA aptamers against androgen receptors (ARs) using androgen response elements (ARE) that possess natural affinity toward AR. A virtual library of ARE sequences was prepared and subjected to a stringent selection criterion to generate a sequence pool having stable hairpin conformations and high GC content. The 3D‐structures of the selected ss AREs were modeled and screened through rigid docking and molecular dynamic (MD) simulation to examine their potency as potential AR binders. The predicted sequences were further validated using direct enzyme‐linked aptasorbent assay (ELASA), which includes the measurement of their binding affinity, specificity, and target discrimination properties under complex biological enviroments. A short, 15 nucleotides (nts), ssDNA aptamer, termed ARapt1 with the estimated Kd value of 5.5 ± 3 nm, was chosen as the most prominent aptamer against AR based on the coherence of both the in‐silico and in‐vitro evaluation results. The high target‐binding affinity and selectivity of ARapt1 signify its potential use as a versatile tool in diagnostic applications relevant to prostate cancer and related diseases.
Separation and identification of degradation impurities of esomeprazole sodium
Authors: Xiao Chuan , Yuan Yingying , Li Jianwang , Han Yehua , Shi Jiamin , Zeng Wei , Zu Xiaolong , Jin Huijie , Jiang Ru , Ni Shouhai 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDrug impurities are important factors that affect drug safety and efficacy. The aim of this study is to separate and confirm the structure of two degradation impurities of esomeprazole sodium, designated X and Y. The impurities X and Y were successfully isolated using preparative HPLC by developing separation methods with the help of ACD/Labs AutoChrom software. There was a steady increase in X and Y impurities in forced esomeprazole sodium degradation. Impurity X was confirmed as 6‐methoxy‐1h‐benzo[d]imidazole‐2‐yl‐4‐amino‐3,5‐dimethylpyridinecarboxylate and impurity Y as 6‐methoxy‐1h‐benzo[d]imidazole‐2‐yl‐4‐hydroxy‐3,5‐dimethylpyridinecarboxylate using nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, and high‐resolution mass spectrometry. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the impurity profile of esomeprazole sodium because these impurities are reported for the first time. Based on our results, active pharmaceutical ingredient manufacturers can further control process parameters to reduce impurity generation, and drug production manufacturers can optimize the packaging and storage conditions of esomeprazole sodium.
Preoperative accuracy of diagnostic evaluation of urachal carcinoma
Authors: Ke Chunjin , Hu Zhiquan , Yang Chunguang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe analyzed the clinical data of patients with urachal carcinoma (UrC) in order to strengthen urologists' understanding of UrC and improve preoperative diagnosis.MethodsThe clinical data of 37 patients with UrC admitted to our hospital from October 2005 to April 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, and 40 patients with urothelial carcinoma (UCa) of bladder were enrolled as the control group. We compared and analyzed the imaging, cystoscopy and immunohistochemistry, serum tumor markers, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of UrC and bladder UCa for early diagnosis and evaluation of diagnostic accuracy.ResultsA total of 37 patients with UrC were enrolled in this study, including 30 males and seven females, with a median age of 52.00 (44.50–63.50) years. Imaging and cystoscopy suggest that UrC grows primarily outside the bladder cavity and is found in the middle line of the dome or anterior wall of the bladder. There was a significant difference in tumor location between the UrC group and the UCa group (10.13 mm vs. −7.06 mm, p < 0.001). Immunohistochemistry revealed that CK20 and CDX‐2 were both diffusely and strongly positive. β‐catenin was strongly positive in cytoplasm and membrane, but negative in nuclear staining. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 72‐4 (CA724) expression levels were significantly higher in the UrC group than in the UCa group (p < 0.05). In the diagnosis of UrC, the area under the curve (AUC) of CEA combined with CA724 was the greatest. FISH's sensitivity in diagnosing UrC (5/7, 71.43%) was not significantly different from that of UCa (71.43% vs. 77.50%, p = 0.659). Imaging examination has the highest sensitivity and specificity among the accuracy evaluation of different diagnostic methods.ConclusionsImaging and cystoscopy are the powerful diagnostic methods for UrC. Serum tumor markers may assist in diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring. Positive urine FISH can easily misdiagnose UrC as UCa
An Overview on Phytotoxic Perspective of Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solvents: The Role of Chemical Structure in the Phytotoxicity
Authors: Khan Amir Sada , Sakina  , Nasrullah Asma , Ullah Saadat , Ullah Zahoor , Khan Zahid , Khan Naveed Ahmed , Khan Shahan Zeb , Din Israf Ud 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIonic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are designable solvents having widespread applications. They have gained tremendous attention in the last few decades due to their inherent physicochemical properties, making them distinctive solvents from technological point of view. There are a large number of research articles published on physicochemical properties and applications of ILs and DESs, however, limited research work is available on the phytotoxic effect of ILs and DESs. They are considered as environmentally friendly greener solvents, however, during experimental work, it has been found that they are not always as green as desired. It has been reported that ILs and DESs have phytotoxic properties and effect both aquatic and terrestrial plants. Here the phototoxic problems of ILs and DESs are reviewed. Similar to the traditional solvents, the aforementioned solvents are not safe, and it is important to determine their phytotoxicity prior to highlighting their potential applications. This review will help researchers to design new eco‐friendly ILs and DESs, which can fulfil the twelve principles of green chemistry.
Definition of Pore Size in 3D‐Printed Porous Implants: A Review
Authors: Liu Hao , Liu Lu‐Lu , Tan Jing‐Hua , Yan Yi‐Guo , Xue Jing‐Bo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract3D‐printed porous implants have been attracting increased attention. Although pore size is thought to be an important factor affecting the biocompatibility of implants, there is still no accurate conclusion about the optimal pore size of implants. In searching the relevant literature, it was found, that the pore size of implants is not clearly defined in many studies. Additionally, the definition methods are different in a few studies, that have clearly defined the apertures. In the current review, the definitions of pore size in different experiments are summarized and the factors affecting the definitions are analyzed, to provide an important framework for future research and design.
Frosted branch angiitis as an immune recovery response in newly diagnosed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and systemic cytomegalovirus infection
Authors: Huynh Elisa , Chronopoulos Argyrios , Schutz James Scott , Claus Bernd , Erwemi Marwa , Krastel Hermann , Hattenbach Lars‐Olof 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFrosted branch angiitis (FBA) is an uncommon form of severe retinal perivasculitis associated with systemic inflammatory/infectious diseases. In this report, we describe a case of FBA and macular edema as a result of immune recovery response in a patient newly diagnosed with HIV infection and cytomegalovirus viremia.
Spatiotemporal Isolation BasedSuper‐ResolutionMicroscopy†
Authors: Lu Yuxian , Zhao Pinlong , Feng Jiandong 
Published: February 2023

Comprehensive SummarySuper‐resolution microscopy (SRM) is a powerful imaging technique that overcomes the diffraction limit and allows imaging of the object structure in the nanoscale. However, SRM suffers from a tradeoff between spatial and temporal resolution, which prevents further exploration in scientific discoveries. In this review, we mainly focus on the development of improving spatiotemporal resolution of SRM, including 1) SRM based on physical and computational principles, 2) physical and computational factors affecting SRM, from which we conclude some strategies for developing new types of SRM, 3) the summary of the various types of SRM based on physical and computational principles, as well as, the analysis of the ordinary and developing SRM. Both SRMs based on physical principles and computational principles can be realized with spatial isolation and temporal isolation methods. We expect this review will offer some new ideas to improve the spatial and temporal resolution simultaneously, which may lead to more new discoveries in biology, chemistry, and materials science.
Parent‐reported compared with researcher‐measured child height and weight: impact on body mass index classification in Australian pre‐school aged children
Authors: Jackson Jacklyn Kay , Grady Alice , Lecathelinais Christophe , Fielding Alison , Yoong Sze Lin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIssue AddressedParent‐reported data may provide a practical and cheap way for estimating young children's weight status. This study aims to compare the validity and reliability of parent‐reported height and weight to researcher‐measured data for pre‐school aged children (aged 2‐6 years).MethodsThis was a nested study within a cluster randomised controlled trial (October 2016‐April 2017), conducted within 32 Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) services across New South Wales, Australia. Parents of children reported on demographics and child height and weight via a survey. For the same child, height and weight data were objectively collected by trained research staff at the service. We calculated mean differences, intra‐class correlations, Bland‐Altman plots, percentage agreement and Cohen's kappa coefficient (>0.8 = “excellent”; 0.61‐0.8 = “good”; 0.41‐0.60 = “moderate”; 0.21 and 0.4 = “fair [weak]”; <0.2 = “poor”).ResultsOverall, 89 children were included (mean age: 4.7 years; 59.5% female). The mean difference between parent‐reported and researcher‐measured data were small (BMI z‐score: mean difference −0.01 [95% CI: −0.45 to 0.44]). There was “fair/weak” agreement between parent‐categorised child BMI compared with researcher‐measured data (Cohen's Kappa 0.24 [95% CI: 0.06 to 0.42]). Agreement was poor (Cohen's kappa <0.2) for female children, when reported by fathers or by parents with a BMI > 25 kg/m2.ConclusionThere was “fair/weak” agreement between parent‐reported and measured estimates of child weight status.So What?Parent's report of weight and height may be a weak indicator of adiposity at the level of individuals however it may be useful for aggregate estimates.
Frequency and survival of Covid associated mucormycosis patients at tertiary care hospitals in Pakistan: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Irfan Ayesha , Kamran Afshan Hussain , Ammar Muhammad , Rahman Saeed ur 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundMucormycosis is a serious fungal infection associated with uncontrolled diabetes and immunocompromised patients. This angioinvasive infection emerged as a post‐covid complication worldwide especially in developing countries. Due to the common socio‐demographic status of South Asian countries, we expected a surge in mucormycosis cases in Pakistan. This study aims to observe the frequency and survival of Covid associated mucormycosis patients at tertiary care hospitals in Pakistan during the third wave of Covid‐19 in 2021.Materials and MethodsIn this retrospective study, we collected the data of clinically and histopathologically confirmed cases of rhino‐occipito‐cerebral mucormycosis from three tertiary care hospitals of Lahore. These cases were analysed for history of Covid‐19 and other associated comorbidities using SPSS28. History of steroid medication was also taken. Data were retrieved from May to July 2021 after the approval from the ethical review board.ResultsOut of the total 43 reported patients of mucormycosis in the set time frame only 22 cases had a history of Covid‐19. The mean age was 50 ± 13.27 years with slight male predilection (60%). Diabetes mellitus was the most common comorbidity (88.4%) and all the patients with covid associated mucormycosis (CAM) had taken corticosteroid regimen for covid management (p < 0.0001). The survival of the patient was not significantly different between CAM and non‐CAM patients of Mucormycosis (p = 0.747).ConclusionCovid‐19 and mucormycosis make a lethal duo against the weakened health system of Pakistan. This problem can be prevented by avoiding nonjudicial use of corticosteroids and proper diabetes control program following Covid‐19 infection. Furthermore, large‐scale epidemiological studies should be carried out to evaluate the true burden of Mucormycosis in the population.
METTL13 promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression through regulating the ZEB1/TPT1 axis
Authors: Ni Haifeng , Liang Chengxian , Zhou Zhen , Jiang Bo , Li Yong , Shang Haiqiong , Yu Xiaoyu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundGlobally, nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a prevalent and deadly malignancy. Despite the role of methyltransferase like 13 (METTL13) having been highlighted in a majority of human cancers, its function and mechanism in NPC is indistinct.MethodsThe expression level of METTL13 in NPC cell lines and normal cells was detected using a quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Gain‐ and loss‐of function experiments were conducted. Cell counting kit‐8, 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine, wound‐healing, Transwell and tube formation assays, respectively, appraised the proliferative, migratory, invasive and angiogenic cellular responses. Corresponding protein expression was measured by western blotting. A chromatin immunoprecipitation assay was applied to verify the association between ZEB1 and the TPT1 promoter. Eventually, to substantiate the critical role of METTL13 in NPC, the establishment of an in vivo tumorigenesis model was accomplished.ResultsMETTL13 possessed fortified expression in NPC cells. METTL13 silencing markedly suppressed NPC cellular phenotypes in vitro, including proliferative, migratory, invasive and angiogenic events, as well as hindered tumorigenesis in vivo. Additionally, METTL13 positively regulated ZEB1, whereas ZEB1 could bind to TPT1 promoter and transcriptionally regulate TPT1. TPT1 was also found to be upregulated in NPC cells. TPT1 silencing suppressed NPC cellular phenotypes in vitro. TPT1 overexpression partly weakened the anti‐tumor effect of METTL13 in NPC.ConclusionsIn summary, METTL13 up‐regulated ZEB1, which facilitated the transcriptional activation of TPT1, ultimately promoting NPC growth and metastasis, providing a potential therapeutic strategy for NPC treatment.
Prevalence of actinic keratosis and skin cancer in a population of Dutch outdoor workers
Authors: Keurentjes Anne J. , Tokez Selin , Kezic Sanja , Hulshof Carel T. J. , Rustemeyer Thomas , Nijsten Tamar , van der Molen Henk F. , Pardo Luba M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundOutdoor work is associated with high and chronic exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation which might lead to an increased risk of developing skin (pre)malignancies. Prevalence of actinic keratosis (AK), basal cell carcinoma (BCC), cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) and cutaneous melanoma (cM) in Dutch outdoor workers (OW) has not previously been investigated.ObjectiveThis study compares the prevalence of premalignant lesions and skin tumours in OW and matched controls (non‐OW).MethodsIn a population‐based cohort study, prevalence of premalignant lesions and skin tumours was investigated in a group of OW (n = 841) and controls matched 1:1 by age, sex, skin colour and tendency for sunburn. Skin examinations were conducted by physicians and skin cancer history was derived from the nationwide Dutch Pathology Registry. Information on OW was obtained through interviews. Conditional logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between OW and BCC, cSCC, cM and (number of) AK.ResultsAK was found in 22.7% of OW and 22.9% of non‐OW, BCC in 14% of OW and 15.7% of non‐OW, cSCC in 4.9% of OW and 3.4% of non‐OW, and cM in 1.9% of OW and 2% of non‐OW. There was no significant association between OW and premalignant lesions and skin tumours, with exception for developing ≥4 AKs (OR 1.3 [95% CI 1.0–1.78]).ConclusionsThis study reveals high prevalence of premalignant lesions and skin tumours in a Dutch population. No association between OW and the occurrence of premalignant lesions and skin tumours was found, however, multiple AKs were more prevalent in OW.
Mutation of FLNA attenuating the migration of abdominal muscles contributed to Melnick–Needles syndrome (MNS) in a family with recurrent miscarriage
Authors: Luo Xin , Yang Zailin , Zeng Jing , Chen Jing , Chen Ningxuan , Jiang Xiaoyan , Wei Qinlv , Yi Ping , Xu Jing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundFilamin A, encoded by the X‐linked gene FLNA, links the cell membrane with the cytoskeleton and acts as a regulator of the actin cytoskeleton. Mutations in FLNA cause a large spectrum of congenital malformations during embryonic development, including Melnick–Needles syndrome (MNS). However, reports of MNS, especially in males, are rare, and the pathogenesis molecular mechanisms are not well understood.MethodsWe found a family with two consecutive miscarriages of similar fetuses with multiple malformations. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and tissues, and whole exome sequencing was performed for genetic analysis. Then, we created a C57BL/6 mouse with a point mutation by CRISPR/Cas‐mediated genome engineering. The migration of primary abdominal muscle cell was detected by wound healing assay.ResultsThe first fetus showed congenital hygroma colli and omphalocele identified by ultrasound at 12 wks; the second fetus showed hygroma colli and thoraco abdominoschisis at 12 wks, with a new hemizygous mutation c.4420G>A in exon 26 of the FLNA gene, which is predicted to cause an amino acid substitution (p.Asp1474Asn). The mother and grandmother were both present in the c.4420G>A heterozygous state, and the mother's healthy brother had wild‐type FLNA. These FLNA‐mutated mice exhibited a broader central gap between the rectus abdominis than the wild type (WT), similar to the midline structure dysplasia of the abdominal wall in the two fetuses. Wound healing assays showed the attenuated migration capacity of abdominal muscle cells in mice with mutated FLNA. Finally, we summarized the cases of MNS with FLNA mutation from the accessible published literature thus far.ConclusionOur research revealed a mutation site of the FLNA for MNS and explored the mechanism of midline structure dysplasia in the abdominal wall of male patients, which could provide more evidence for the clinical diagnosis and genetic counseling of families with these disorders.
Relationship between filial obligation and caregiver depression among adult children: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Pan Yuqin , Chen Ruyi , Yang Dongliang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimTo explore the relationship between filial obligation and caregiver depression across cultures.DesignSystematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsTwelve databases were reviewed for dissertations and peer‐reviewed articles on filial obligation and caregiver depression among adult children, published before January 2020. In total, 476 titles and abstracts were retrieved. Final analysis included six studies; of these, four were included in the meta‐analysis.ResultsFixed‐effects model indicated that a stronger perception of filial obligation was associated with increased depressive symptoms among caregivers across cultures (β = 0.14, 95% CI [0.04, 0.24], p < 0.01, N = 394). However, a non‐significant effect size in the correlation between these two variables was found in samples predominated by Caucasian and mixed‐blood caregivers (r = 0.03, 95% CI [−0.03, 0.10], p > 0.05, N = 880). Therefore, caregivers' perceptions of filial obligation should be clinically assessed and normalised to reduce their depressive symptoms.
Numerical solutions of the time‐dependent Schrödinger equation with position‐dependent effective mass
Authors: Gao Yijin , Mayfield Jay , Luo Songting 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNumerical solution of the time‐dependent Schrödinger equation with a position‐dependent effective mass is challenging to compute due to the presence of the non‐constant effective mass. To tackle the problem we present operator splitting‐based numerical methods. The wavefunction will be propagated either by the Krylov subspace method‐based exponential integration or by an asymptotic Green's function‐based time propagator. For the former, the wavefunction is given by a matrix exponential whose associated matrix–vector product can be approximated by the Krylov subspace method; and for the latter, the wavefunction is propagated by an integral with retarded Green's function that is approximated asymptotically. The methods have complexity per step with appropriate algebraic manipulations and fast Fourier transform, where is the number of spatial points. Numerical experiments are presented to demonstrate the accuracy, efficiency, and stability of the methods.
Classification of the Vacua of the Dimensionally Reduced Low‐Energy Limit of the Heterotic String Over Nearly‐Kähler Manifolds
Authors: Manolakos G. , Patellis G. , Zoupanos G. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe examine the vacua of the scalar potential of the effective 4‐d action, obtained after the dimensional reduction of the 10‐d heterotic supergravity coupled to an Yang‐Mills sector. The (Coset Space) dimensional reduction takes place over the three 6‐d nearly‐Kähler manifolds, namely the homogeneous 6‐d non‐symmetric coset spaces, , and . The current work consists a complete catalogue of the kinds of vacua of theories obtained after the reduction of the heterotic string over the 6‐d non‐symmetric coset spaces and, moreover, a contribution to the dialogue of the possibility to result with non‐AdS vacua in the framework of string theories.