bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La collaboration dans le travail en groupe en contexte d’examen collaboratif à l’université
Authors: Leduc Diane , Cambron-Goulet Mathilde , Aubin André-Sébastien , Raynault Audrey 
Published: December 2022

Le développement d’habiletés de collaboration est devenu un aspect important de l'enseignement universitaire et une exigence non négligeable pour l’employabilité. Il n’est pas rare que des enseignants utilisent la collaboration en classe, grâce à des travaux d’équipe, pour moduler leur enseignement et susciter la participation. Pourtant, le travail en équipe génère son lot de difficultés dont celle, courante, de se diviser les tâches à faire sans réelle vue d’ensemble et, conséquemment, sans vraiment collaborer. Ce constat est à la source de notre question de recherche : comment la collaboration se manifeste-t-elle dans le travail en groupe pendant un examen à l’université?Pour y répondre, nous avons mobilisé des travaux portant sur le travail en équipe et la collaboration qui fournissent plusieurs cadres conceptuels. Le modèle de Landry (2010) nous a interpelé parce qu’il synthétise l’ensemble des processus à l’œuvre dans tout groupe restreint. Son postulat est qu'il existe trois zones dynamiques - le travail, l'affection et le pouvoir - et que l'évolution du groupe se joue dans leurs interdépendances et dans leurs interactions.Dans notre étude, nous avons placé en équipe de quatre ou cinq des étudiants d’un cours en fondements de l’éducation devant réaliser un examen collaboratif visant à évaluer les acquis pour faire émerger les dimensions de la collaboration et de la zone du travail. Nos résultats indiquent que les groupes ont peu clarifié la visée commune, que la structuration de leur travail était adéquate, que leurs prises de décisions se sont faites de façon collaborative et qu’ils ont appliqué implicitement plusieurs normes concernant le respect, les attitudes à adopter et les interactions. L'étude fait aussi ressortir l'importance de mieux préparer et de former autant les enseignants que les étudiants à la collaboration.
Anatomic Pattern and Variations of the Ilioinguinal Nerve as It Travels Throughout the Anterior Abdominal Wall
Authors: Alshammari Ahmed Onayzan , Alrashid Fauwaz Fahad , Fathuldeen Anas Abdulqader , Khalifah Eyad Mohammed , Elamin Abdalla Ahmed , Elhaj Abubaker El. , Idris Saadeldin Ahmed 
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
Ilioinguinal nerve (IIN) is repeatedly damaged during surgeries as well as through the application of local anaesthesia to the lower abdominal wall. This study aimed to identify the variations of the IIN during its course in the anterior abdominal wall.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study on formalin-preserved cadavers was carried out after approval by the ethical committee, Alzaeim Alazhari University (January 2018–May 2020). Cadavers satisfied the inclusion criteria were dissected bilaterally to expose and map the IINs from their lateral emergence on the anterior abdominal wall to their termination in the midline in reference to the internal and external inguinal rings as well as the fixed bony landmarks. The collected data were compared on both sides using SPSS version 21.0.

Results:
Fifty-four IINs were identified (77 cadavers). Double nerve was observed in 8.44%. IINs derived from L1, L1-3 and L3 in 98.1%, 1.3% and 0.6%, respectively. On the right side, in 3 corpses, the nerves aberrantly ascend from L3 or L1-3, whereas this deviant was not seen on the left side. The mean distance from the umbilicus was 9.2 cm ± 1.1 cm (equal on both sides). The mean distance from the deep ring was 1.5 cm ± 0.4 cm, it was closed on the right compared to the left (P = 0.87). It emerges 0.9 cm–6 cm from the anterior superior iliac spine, this was closed on the right than the left (P = 0.9). It was not attached to the external oblique muscle on the right side, whereas it did in 3.2% on the left (P = 0.03). The mean distance from the superficial ring was 1.9 cm ± 0.8 cm, almost the same on both sides. The mean distance from the inguinal ligament was 2.4 cm ± 0.5 cm, it was closed on the right than on the left (P = 0.98). Its mean thickness was 1.97 mm ± 0.44 mm and 1.88 mm ± 0.43 mm on the right and left sides, respectively.

Conclusion:
IIN demarcates variants not generally quoted in anatomical manuals.
Challenges for Primary Caregivers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Accessing Health Care of Children with Chronic Diseases under Periodic Follow-up at a Tertiary Care Hospital in South India
Authors: Rajamanickam Ramya , Jayanandan Rajesh , Jayaraman Aparna , Sivathanu Shobhana 
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
Challenges faced by the primary caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic help to identify their needs and health seeking behavior during pandemic. Objectives: (1) To describe the factors associated with periodic follow-up at the hospital which posed as difficulties to their primary caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic. (2) To identify the measures adopted by these primary caregivers to overcome those difficulties.

Materials and Methods:
This hospital-based cross-sectional observational study was conducted from May to August 2021 among 57 primary caregivers of children with chronic diseases registered before March 1, 2020, who were under periodic follow-up in our pediatrics department. Data were collected by direct or telephonic interview using a predesigned semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics like mean, standard deviation, proportions and paired "t"-test using Epi info and IBM SPSS trial version 28.0.

Results:
Frequency of hospital visits of 14 (24.6%) subjects were reduced during the COVID pandemic compared to the prepandemic period. During the COVID pandemic, 42 (73.7%) subjects had faced transportation difficulties, 23 (40.3%) had faced financial difficulties, 22 (38.6%) had skipped their scheduled follow-up visits and around 31.6% of them have feared of contracting COVID. None had availed telemedicine consultation for their children either before or during the pandemic.

Conclusions:
Difficulties faced in transportation, fear of contracting COVID, financial difficulties, and lack of awareness of teleconsultation services were identified as their major obstacles.
Guided Imagery Intervention for the Treatment of Tension-type Headache Associated with State-Trait Anxiety
Authors: Kehksha  
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
Guided imagery (GI) is a mind–body intervention, in which individuals generate mental images of pleasant objects or events in their minds. These mental images produce positivity and alter the perception of headaches and other pain disorders. A review of literature suggests that GI is an effective psychological treatment for tension-type headache (TTH) and state-trait anxiety. Hence, the present study aimed to assess the efficacy of GI on TTH associated with state-trait anxiety and to compare its efficacy with treatment as usual (TAU).

Materials and Methods:
Forty treatment-naïve patients diagnosed with TTH were selected from the psychiatry outpatient department through purposive sampling method. The Henry Ford Hospital Headache Disability Inventory and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Adults were administered on all the patients for baseline data. Experimental group (n = 20) were given eight sessions of GI along with TAU for 2 months, whereas waitlist group (n = 20) were given only TAU.

Results:
A Significant positive association was obtained between emotional and functional disability of headache and state-trait anxiety at baseline. Postassessment findings demonstrated a significant reduction in severity and frequency of TTH, emotional and functional disability, and state-trait anxiety in the experimental group receiving GI as compared to the waitlist group.

Conclusion:
Patients living with TTH more commonly suffer from state-trait anxiety. Those patients who were given GI along with TAU for 2 months improved on severity and frequency of TTH, emotional and functional disability of TTH, and state-trait anxiety more effectively than those patients receiving only TAU. Consequently, it can be said that GI is an effective treatment for TTH and state-trait anxiety as compared to TAU.
Comparative Evaluation of Platelet-Rich Fibrin versus Connective Tissue Grafting in Treatment of Gingival Recession Using Pouch and Tunnel Technique
Authors: Chandra Vatsala , Bains Vivek Kumar , Jhingran Rajesh , Srivastava Ruchi , Madan Rohit 
Published: December 2022

Aims:
The aim of the study was to compare the clinical efficacy of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and connective tissue grafting in the treatment of gingival recession (GR) using pouch and tunnel (P and T) technique.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 40 Class I or Class II GR defects in 17 patients were randomized treated with P and T with PRF (Group I, n = 20) and P and T with CTG (Group II, n = 20). The parameters measured were plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), horizontal gingival recession (HGR), vertical gingival recession (VGR), width of attached gingiva (WAG), width of keratinised gingiva (WKG), gingival thickness-mid buccal (GTMB), and gingival thickness interdental papilla (GTIP). Postsurgical discomfort level (PSDL), hypersensitivity score (HS), and patient esthetic score (PES) were recorded using visual analog scale (VAS). The PI, GI, PPD, CAL, HGR, VGR, WAG, WKG, GTMB, and GTIP were assessed at pretreatment (baseline) and 1-, 3-, and 6-month posttreatment. The PSDL, HS, and PES were assessed at baseline, day 10, 1, 3, and 6-month posttreatment.

Results:
P and T with PRF and CTG resulted in root coverage of 73.75% ± 7.80% and 70.83% ±8.26%, respectively. Patient response and acceptance for the surgical treatment modality showed less discomfort and better esthetics in Group I as compared to Group II.

Conclusions:
PRF treated sites were comparable to the gold standard CTG with better patient acceptance and a lesser invasive approach in terms of graft procurement.
Clinical Evaluation of Efficacy of Triamcinolone Acetonide with Tacrolimus in the Management of Oral Lichen Planus
Authors: Walia Cheshta , Rallan Neelakshi Singh , Premkumar Anu , Roy Sudip 
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
Lichen planus (LP) is a relatively common chronic, mucocutaneous disease of autoimmune origin, involves oral mucosa, skin, scalp, nails, and genital mucosa. The prevalence of oral LP (OLP) varies worldwide, commonly seen in middle-aged and elderly people. It usually presents as symmetrical and bilateral or multiple lesions with burning sensation (BS) sometimes accompanied by pain. Corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors have shown promising results in the treatment of OLP, but its chronic course and unpredictable exacerbations/remission continues to result in a high degree of morbidity. The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of intralesional triamcinolone acetonide (injection TA) combined with topical application of TA orabase and Tacrolimus (TAC) ointment for symptomatic cases of OLP.

Materials and Methods:
The prospective study included 52 symptomatic OLP patients to receive (0.5 ml) intralesional injection of TA once a week for the first 4 weeks followed by one injection in the 6th week along with TA mucosal paste (0.1%.) and TAC ointment (0.03%) in tapering dose till 8th week. The subjective symptoms including BS and pain were assessed on a 10 cm visual analog scale (VAS) and objective signs like size and site of the lesion were scored according to criterion scale modified by Thongprasom et al. Differences were compared after 8 weeks treatment course and follow-up observations were performed at 20th week to record any recurrent lesion.

Results:
41 patients (78.8%) had complete remission of disease and 11 (21%) had shown partial improvement. The VAS scores for BS and pain improved significantly. Improvement was also noted with decrease in the average size of active lesions and the number of sites with treatment. The relapse was seen in 17 patients (41%) in the 20th week.

Conclusion:
TA combined with TAC is a valuable therapeutic option for the treatment of symptomatic OLP. Our findings suggest that patients have shown statistically significant improvement.
Safety and ease of awake fiberoptic intubation with use of oxygen insufflation versus suction to clear secretions during procedure
Authors: Rajan Sunil , Tosh Pulak , Babu Sruthi C. , Kumar Lakshmi 
Published: December 2022

Background and Aims:
During awake fiberoptic intubation (AFOI), clearing secretions is usually done by suctioning. The study objectives were to assess the safety of AFOI with the use of oxygen insufflation versus suction to clear secretions from the field of vision during the procedure as assessed by incidence of desaturation <95%, ease of intubation, and time taken to secure the airway.

Material and methods:
This prospective randomized study was conducted in 40 adult patients with difficult airways requiring AFOI. All patients received dexmedetomidine 0.5mcg/kg intravenously, and the airway was topicalized. In Group-S suction and in Group-O oxygen was connected to the suction port of the bronchoscope to clear the secretions by activating the suction knob during bronchoscopy. Ease of intubation was scored as easy, moderate, and hard.

Results:
Incidence of desaturation to <95% and the need for oxygen supplementation were significantly high in Group S compared to Group O (60% vs. 10%). Incidence of easy intubation (80% vs. 75%) and time taken to intubate (50.1 ± 16.6 vs. 53.8 ± 21.0 s) were comparable. The number of times (median) suctioning was done in Group S was significantly high compared to the number of oxygen insufflations required in Group O [3 (1–6) vs. 2 (0–5), P 0.033]. Desaturation to <95% was significantly low in Group O compared to Group S during bronchoscopy (10% vs. 60%, P 0.002).

Conclusion:
The use of oxygen insufflation to clear secretions from the field of vision during AFOI is a safer alternative to suctioning as this technique reduces the chance of desaturation during the procedure without affecting ease of intubation, number of attempts, time taken for it, or patient comfort.
Segmental thoracic spinal anesthesia versus general anesthesia for breast cancer surgery: A prospective randomized-controlled open-label trial
Authors: Paliwal Naveen , Maurya Neetu , Suthar Om Prakash , Janweja Sarita 
Published: December 2022

Background and Aims:
Breast surgery is associated with moderate-to-severe postoperative pain, nausea, and vomiting. For this, neuraxial anesthesia might be a better alternative to general anesthesia (GA), providing superior analgesia, with higher patient satisfaction and lesser incidence of nausea vomiting. This randomized-controlled open-label trial was done to compare segmental spinal and GA for breast cancer surgery.

Material and Methods:
The present study enrolled 56 female patients scheduled to undergo breast cancer surgery. They were randomly divided into two groups, group G (received standard GA) and group TS (received segmental thoracic spinal anesthesia with 0.5% isobaric levobupi vacaine at T5–T6 inter spaces). The primary objective of this study was patient satisfaction with the anesthetic technique, while secondary objectives were hemodynamic changes, perioperative complications, time of first rescue analgesic, total opioid consumption in first 24 h, and surgeon satisfaction score. Data were expressed as mean (SD) or number (%) as indicated and were compared using Chi-square, Fisher’s exact, or Student’s ttest as appropriate.

Results:
Patient in group TS had significantly higher satisfaction score median 5 (IQR 1) compared to patients in group G median 4 (IQR 3.5) (P = 0.0001). Nausea and vomiting were significantly higher in group G compared to group TS (P = 0.01). Mean time to rescue analgesia was 33.21 ± 7.48 min in group G as compared to 338.57 ± 40.70 in group TS and opioid consumption was also significantly lower in group TS (70.00 ± 27.38) as compared to group G (366.07 ± 59.40). There was no significant difference in hemodynamic parameters (except significantly lower heart rate at 15 min in group TS (P = 0.001) and surgeon satisfaction score between groups. Quality of postoperative analgesia was better in group TS.

Conclusion:
Segmental thoracic spinal anesthesia technique provides better satisfaction with superior postoperative analgesia and fewer complications in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery compared to GA.
Effect of pregabalin on postoperative pain and instrumentation-induced dysuria in patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy: A prospective randomized, double-blinded placebo-controlled study
Authors: Choppa Shivakrishna , Gurajala Indira , Kar Prachi , Jayaram Kavitha , Durga Padmaja , Devraj Rahul , Chilumula Ramreddy 
Published: December 2022

Background and Aims:
The manipulation of urinary tract, the mandatory requirement of ureteral stenting, and bladder catheterization in patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) produces significant pain and dysuria postoperatively. The present study compared the efficacy of pregabalin with placebo in attenuation of these symptoms in patients undergoing PCNL.

Material and Methods:
This randomized controlled study was conducted in 110 patients of either sex, aged 18–65 years undergoing elective PCNL requiring nephrostomy tube under general anesthesia. Group G (n: 53) received pregabalin 150 mg and Group P received placebo (n: 49) orally 1 h before the anesthetic induction. All the patients received standard anesthetic protocol. Pain at the site of nephrostomy, instrumentation-induced dysuria (IID), anxiety, and sedation scores were recorded at 0 min, 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, 12 h, 24 h postoperatively. Hemodynamics, total requirement of rescue analgesia, and incidence of any adverse effects were also noted.

Results:
Patients were demographically comparable between the two groups. There is no difference in nephrostomy site pain between the groups at different points of measurements. IID was less with pregabalin at 0 min, 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, and 2 h after extubation (P value < 0.05, 43% in Group G vs. 68% in group P). Severe urgency was seen in 4%, moderate in 31%, and mild in 33% of patients in placebo group. No patient in pregabalin had severe grade of instrumentation-induced dysuria score (P < 0.05). Patients in Group P required more rescue analgesic (P: 0.009). Anxiety scores, sedation scores, and hemodynamic parameters were comparable.

Conclusion:
A single dose of 150 mg pregabalin as oral premedication given 1 h before surgery reduced the incidence and intensity of IID compared to placebo in patients undergoing PCNL without significant adverse effects.
Correlation of Vitamin D Levels with Markers of Bone Metabolism in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Agrawal Alok Chandra , Behera Ajoy Kumar , Mohapatra Eli , Sakale Harshal Suhas , Shah Seema , Kar Bikram Keshari , Ojha Mukund Madhav , Nayak Buddhadeb , Garg Ankit Kumar 
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
Low serum Vitamin D levels are common in orthopedic patients in India. Low serum Vitamin D levels are implicated in COVID-19 worsening the illness. With this background, we assessed serum Vitamin D levels in COVID-19 patients presenting to us and correlated them with other markers of bone metabolism and systemic immune response.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional analytical study was done on 107 COVID-19 patients. The sample was taken for serum calcium, serum Vitamin D, serum phosphate, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum parathyroid hormone, creatine phosphokinase (CPK), CPK myocardial band (MB), serum protein, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and hemoglobin in these patients. The levels were correlated with each other to assess their relations in COVID-19 patients.

Results:
One hundred out of 107 patients had low serum Vitamin D levels. In these patients, serum lactate dehydrogenase and serum ALP levels were high, and creatine kinase MB levels were low. The illness was found more in diabetic/hypertensive and rheumatoid arthritis patients. The values and findings correlate with increased disease activity and osteopenia with no obvious muscular injury.

Conclusion:
Managing Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) has been taken up as a major step in COVID-19 affection. The markers of bone metabolism and their correlation with serum Vitamin D were equivocal in COVID-19-affected and not affected Indian populations. The risk of infection has been more in diabetic, hypertensive, and rheumatoid arthritis patients, all of whom were also suffering from VDD.
“To Compare the Relative Effectiveness of Intralesional Steroid Versus Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection among 80 Patients in Plantar Fasciitis
Authors: Arya Ashish Kumar , Chandan Kumar , Kumarverma Pankaj , Kumar Santosh 
Published: December 2022

Objective:
The objective of the study to compare the relative effectiveness of intralesional steroid versus platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection among 80 patients in plantar fasciitis.

Materials and Methods:
A total number of 80 patients with plantar fasciitis were divided into two groups. Group A with 30 patients received intralesional PRP and Group B received intralesional methylprednisolone acetate injection. Pre- and post-intervention visual analogue scale (VAS), the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) score, and Plantar Fascia (PF) thickness for the assessment of pain relief in two groups were recorded at 6 months.

Results:
The mean VAS scores for heel pain measured after 6 months of treatment were 1.460 ± 0.6911 in PRP group and 3.024 ± 0.9572 in steroid group. The decrease in mean VAS score in both the groups was statistically significant when compared with pretreatment values (8.38 ± 0.6820 in PRP group and 8.44 ± 0.6021 in steroid group). The mean FAAM score measured after 6 months of treatment increased in both the groups (83.43 ± 5.661 in PRP group and 69.12 ± 5.795 in steroid group) when compared with pretreatment value (29.97 ± 5.997 in PRP group and 31.68 ± 6.297 in steroid group), and it was statistically significant. There was 35.90% reduction in mean PF thickness in PRP group and 28.67% reduction in steroid group as compared to baseline values after 6 months of injection.

Conclusion:
Intralesional injections of both the PRP and steroid are effective and safe modalities of treatment for plantar fasciitis. A steroid is better for short-term treatment of plantar fasciitis, but in long-term follow-up, PRP therapy is better than steroid. Both the treatment methods have caused a significant reduction in PF thickness.