bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Network-theoretic modeling of fluid-structure interactions
Authors: Nair Aditya G. , Douglass Samuel 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The coupling interactions between deformable structures and unsteady fluid flows occur across a wide range of spatial and temporal scales in many engineering applications. These fluid-structure interactions (FSI) make it challenging to predict flow physics accurately. In the present work, two multi-layer network approaches are proposed that characterize the interactions between the fluid and structural layers for an incompressible laminar flow over a two-dimensional compliant flat plate at a 35-degrees angle of attack. In one approach, the wake vortices and bound vortexlets form the nodes of the network with the edges defined by induced velocity. In the other approach, coherent structures (fluid modes) contributing to the kinetic energy of the flow and structural modes contributing to the kinetic energy of the compliant structure constitute the network nodes. The energy transfers between the modes are extracted using a perturbation approach. The network structure of the FSI system is further simplified using the community detection algorithm in the vortical approach and by selecting dominant modes in the modal approach. Network measures are used to reveal the temporal behavior of the individual nodes within the simplified FSI system. Predictive models are then built using both data-driven and physics-based methods. We conclude by investigating the controllability of the modal interaction network. This work sets the foundation for network-theoretic reduced-order modeling of fluid-structure interactions, generalizable to other multi-physics systems.
Microscopic feature of lymph node anthracosilicosis adherent with pulmonary artery: A case report
Authors: Murakami Junichi , Tanaka Toshiki , Hoshii Yoshinobu , Hamano Kimikazu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background; Although thoracic surgeons occasionally encounter a dense adhesion of interlobar lymph node anthoracosilicosis with the pulmonary artery. Most thoracic surgeons know forced adhesiolysis is challenging based on their experience, but the macroscopic features of such an adherent lesion remain limited.
Case presentation; During the right upper lobectomy under thoracoscopic surgery for the patient with stage IA3 primary lung adenocarcinoma, several interlobar lymph nodes were too adherent to a posterior ascending branch of the pulmonary artery to the right upper lobe. After an unplanned conversion to thoracotomy to avoid massive bleeding, the pulmonary artery branch was divided safely. Microscopic examination revealed anthracosilicosis in lymph nodes in extensive proximity to the peripheral pulmonary artery wall accompanying granulomatous inflammation. The adventitial stroma of the pulmonary artery developed into dense and borderless fibrous tissue with dust-laden macrophages.
Conclusions; Our pathological findings on lymph node anthoracosilicosis provide substantial evidence that a boundary between the lymph nodes and pulmonary artery wall developed into dense and borderless fibrous tissue, which supports that forced adhesiolysis against the boundary could cause pulmonary artery injury for thoracic surgeons.
High Glucose Mediated Apoptosis of Pericytes in the Cochlea Stria Vascularis through Mitochondrial ROS pathway
Authors: Shi Tian-feng , Zhou Zan , Jiang Wen-jun , Huang Tian-lan , Yu Miao , Yu Meng , Si Jun-qiang , Li Li 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Diabetes is closely related to hearing loss, but its specific pathogenesis is not clear. Cochlear stria vascularis and pericytes play an important role in hearing. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether high glucose induces apoptosis in the cochlear stria vascularis and pericytes through oxidative stress, thus affecting hearing loss. The model of type Ⅱ diabetes was established in C57BL/6J mice. Compared with the control group, the hearing threshold of diabetic mice decreased continuously, the density of vascular stria decreased, the oxidative stress and apoptosis of various organs increased, and the level of antioxidation decreased. At the same time, after the pericytes were extracted from the stria vascularis and given in high glucose environment, the apoptosis level of pericytes increased, the content of ROS in pericytes increased, and the mitochondrial membrane potential decreased. AIF and cytochrome C in pericyte mitochondria were gradually released to the cytoplasm. On the basis of the intervention of high glucose, the release of mitochondrial AIF and cytochrome C from pericytes was alleviated and the level of pericyte apoptosis decreased by adding oxidative scavengers. It is clear that high glucose can pass through oxidative stress to induce mitochondrial apoptosis in cochlear vascular striated pericytes.
Exact solutions of flow and pressure variation inside a horizontalfilter chamber using Lie symmetry analysis
Authors: Itumeleng Thabo Joseph , Magalakwe Gabriel , Motsepa Tanki , Moleleki Letlhogonolo Daddy 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Physical model exact solutions improve crucial industrial production processes by giving operatorsand designers a greater grasp of how systems operate in practice. The current casestudy aims to find exact momentum and pressure variation solutions during the unsteadystatefiltration process to advance fluid purification. Lie symmetry analysis is used to transforma system of PDEs representing the flow and pressure variation into solvable ODEswithout changing the dynamics of the case study. The velocity (momentum) and pressuresolutions are then determined by integrating the obtained solvable ODEs. The effects ofphysical parameters resulting from the process dynamics are examined using the exact solutionsacquired to identify the parameter combination that results in the maximum permeatesoutflow. Graphical representations of the flow velocity and pressure are presented and analysedas well as the skin friction tabular. The results indicate that as time evolves, permeateoutflow decreases because internal momentum, work done, and pressure diminish over timedue to the clustering of particles. In addition, low wave speed, small porosity, more chamberspace, high injection rate, and stronger magnetic effects are ideal for minimising the effectsof no-slip condition at the bottom wall during operation.
Analysis of recovery cases of COVID19 of densely affected countries using LSTM deep learning model
Authors: HAQUE MD ERSHADUL , Hoque Samiul , Paul Manoranjan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The present world is badly affected by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19). Using medical kits to identify coronavirus-affected persons is very slow. What happens in the next, nobody knows. The world is facing an erratic problem and doesn't know what will happen in near future. This paper is trying to make a prognosis of the coronavirus recovery cases using LSTM(Long Short Term Memory). This work exploited data from 258 regions, their latitude and longitude, and the number of death in 403 days ranging from 22-01-2020 to 27-02-2021. Specifically, advanced deep learning-based algorithms known as the LSTM, play a great effect in extracting highly essential features for time series data (TSD) analysis. There are lots of methods which already use to analyze propagation prediction. The main task of this paper culminates in analyzing the spreading of Coronavirus across worldwide recovery cases using LSTM deep learning-based architectures.
Image classification method of underground coal destruction type based on texture feature fusion
Authors: Lv Fu , Han Xiaotian , Feng Yongan , Guo Zhihao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A coal image dataset that can reflect the destruction type and a classification method that focuses on the texture features of the tectonic coal are needed for the study of coal destruction type image classification based on deep learning. Coal photographs of various sorts of destruction are taken downhole using high-definition explosion-proof cameras, and a destruction coal image dataset is created. By combining the texture elements of the destruction coal, a deep learning classification model of the destruction type that is tailored to the downhole coal photos is created. This model is based on an upgraded bilinear neural network model. First, the destruction coal's texture feature images are built using the inter-class variations in image textures; next, an improved bilinear neural network is built using ResNet with its average pooling layer; finally, the original image and the resulting texture feature maps are learned separately on the improved bilinear neural network for features; The average pooling layers of the original and texture map bilinear networks are then connected on the proposed adaptive classification module based on decision fusion, channel weights are extracted, and weights are applied to the feature outputs of the two parallel bilinear networks to achieve the best fusion classification results. The algorithm obtains classification accuracy of 99.98%, 99.95%, and 99.99% on the texture-related public datasets KTH-TIPS, KTH-TIPS-2b, and UIUC, respectively, and 99.52% on the tectonic coal destruction type image dataset.
Opioid crisis in rural and urban counties from 2010 to 2018: in light of the index of relative rurality
Authors: Sun Feinuo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Previous studies have documented the rural-urban disparities of the opioid crisis, but rarely consider the heterogeneities within rural and urban areas, nor the changing dynamics of the rural-urban boundaries. Taking advantage of a continuous measure of rurality, this study separates counties into “becoming-more-rural” and “becoming-more-urban” groups according to the change of rurality between 2000 and 2010, and compares the determinants of the development of prescription opioid-, heroin-, and synthetic opioid-related opioid mortality in the two groups of counties. The analysis uses longitudinal data of 2010–2018 from a variety of national datasets such as the confidential Multiple-Cause of Death data, the U.S. Opioid Dispensing Rate Maps, and the American Community Survey. The results show that while increasing rurality does not predict increasing prescription opioid- and synthetic opioid-involved mortality, the growth of heroin-involved mortality could be a severe issue for becoming-more-rural counties that have already observed heroin overdose deaths. The demographic groups that have higher risk of opioid overdoses may be different in different areas, for example increasing males and people engaged in manual labor occupations are associated with increasing prescription opioid-involved mortality for becoming-more-rural counties but in becoming-more-urban areas, heroin-involved mortality correlates to a higher percentage of Hispanics. Concentrations of socioeconomically disadvantaged populations like veterans and people in poverty increase opioid overdose deaths particularly for becoming-more-urban counties, while healthcare services shown more beneficial to becoming-more-rural areas. The findings suggest that the programs and regulations to reduce opioid-involved mortality should consider the changing nature of counties in the degree of rurality.
Attitude and Motivation of Medical Professors in the Use of Virtual Simulation Technology of Radiotherapy in Clinical Teaching Context in Chongqing Medical University
Authors: Chen Dan , Wu Shunlong , Yang Haiying , Liao Kui 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Virtual simulation technology of radiotherapy has completely changed the way we teach and learn. In the context of medical school education, the technology bridges the gap between abstract knowledge and ordinary life. Technology advances the possibilities available to mankind and are essential to medical professors in the teaching. However, educators are faced with the challenge of guiding students through this transition and ensuring they don’t lose valuable time using their devices. The rise of technology in learning has also carried some disadvantages with it, some of which might be overlooked. This study aimed to determine the attitude and motivation of medical professors to adopt virtual simulation technology of radiotherapy in clinical teaching context. Descriptive statistics, t-test analysis, one-way ANOVA, Pearson-r correlation, and chi-squared test were used in this study. It is recommended to upskill the technological and pedagogical knowledge and skills of faculty member, crucial especially in the context of a post-pandemic education.
Minimization of Cancer Cells with ATS Fuzzy Controller: An Application to Androgen Deprivation therapy
Authors: Dubey Priya , Kumar Surendra 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy, also known as hormone therapy, is a standard treatment for prostate cancer, but its 5-year survival rate is only 57 percent. Moreover, the prolonged therapy duration results in increased medication toxicity and drug resistance. A solution to this problem is adaptive therapy, which applies chemotherapy or immunotherapy after hormone therapy is withdrawn. In the proposed work, the idea of adaptive therapy is used by applying nonlinear control algorithms to the proposed ADT model and making the drug dosage based on the control laws that result from applying these algorithms. The overall objective is to reduce the cancer cells to zero in a minimum amount of time to reduce prolonged exposure to drugs. For this, a super-twisting sliding mode controller (STSMC) is applied to reduce the number of androgenindependent (AI) and androgen-dependent (AD) cells. Next, an active control algorithm (ATS)-based Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy controller is introduced and compared to the STSMC design. The ATS fuzzy controller has significantly reduced the therapy duration to two months and is also globally asymptotically stable. Using the Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) algorithm and the YALMIP toolbox, the controller has been built. Theoretical outcomes are validated using MATLAB and Simulink.
The Histopathological Assesments of Effecting Fe and Zn Heavy Metals in Cerebrum and Cerebellum Tissues of Rats
Authors: Şenol Nurgül , ŞAHİN Melda 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Heavy metals left intensively to the environment cause different healthy problems on people by entering the food chain heavy metals. Our aim is to provide determinig effect of in tissues especially in central nervous system as a result of consuming cause foods included heavy metals and water. Five groups were constituded by using 35 adult male Wistar-Albino sexual rats. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining was applied to determine the histological sides of the damages of heavy metals in cerebrum and cerebellum tissues and effects of given juglone (5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) for reducing these damages. Besides, immunohistochemical TUNNEL method was applied to determine DNA damages in cell. Density of damage in cerebrum of Fe and Fe + Juglone groups were higher than in the control group. Apoptotic cells number was decreased in the group consisting of juglone. There was little damage and less apoptotic cells in treated Zn group. In the cerebellum similar cerebrum results were obtained. There were much degeneration Fe and Fe + Juglone groups cerebellum. Apoptotic cells were increased Fe groups. Fe/600 ppm. doses heavy metals have created a toxic effect on the cerebrum and cerebellum tissues.
A novel geometry optimization approach for multi-recess hydrostatic bearing pad operating in static and low-speed conditions using CFD simulation
Authors: Michalec Michal , Ondra Martin , Svoboda Martin , Chmelík Jiří , Zeman Petr , Svoboda Petr , Jackson Robert 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study investigates a new two-parameter method for estimating optimal hydrostatic bearing pad proportions. The design of a hydrostatic bearing pad is limited to simple geometry using analytical equations or one-parameter optimization based on experimental data. In this study, 3D static CFD model results were verified using analytical results and experimental data on a hydrostatic bearing testing device. The obtained CFD results for load and pressure show a deviation within 5.2% compared to the experimentally obtained results and the literature. Using the proposed novel two-parameter optimisation, the energetic loss was reduced by 30% compared to the classical one-parameter approach. This methodology allows versatile and effective design of optimal hydrostatic bearings operating in low-speed conditions to achieve minimum energetic loss.
Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on general health and malaria control in Ghana: A qualitative study with mothers and health care professionals
Authors: Heuschen Anna-Katharina , Abdul-Mumin Alhassan , Abubakari Abdulai , Agbozo Faith , Lu Guangyu , Jahn Albrecht , Müller Olaf 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
COVID-19 has severely impacted health systems and the management of non-COVID-19 diseases, including malaria, globally. The pandemic has hit sub-Saharan Africa less than expected; even considering large underreporting, the direct COVID-19 burden was minor compared to the Global North. However, the indirect effects of the pandemic, for example, on socio-economic inequality and health care systems, may have been more disruptive. Following a quantitative analysis of routine surveillance data of 2020 compared to 2015 to 2019 from northern Ghana, which showed significant reductions in overall outpatient department visits and malaria cases, this qualitative study aims to provide further explanations to those quantitative findings.
Methods
In the Northern Region of Ghana, 72 participants, consisting of 18 health care professionals (HCP) and 54 mothers of children under the age of five, were recruited in urban and rural districts. Data were collected using focus group discussions with women that were pregnant during the first phase of the pandemic, women that had already under five children by then, and through key informant interviews with HCP.
Results
Three main themes occurred. The first theme - general effects of the pandemic - includes impacts on finances, food security, health service provision as well as education and hygiene. Many women lost their jobs, which increased their dependance on males, children had to drop out of school, and families had to develop strategies to cope with food shortages and considering migration. HCPs had problems to reach the communities, suffered stigmatization and were often barely protected against the virus. The second theme - effects of the pandemic on health seeking - includes fear of infection, lack of COVID-19 testing capacities, changed behavior of HCPs, and reduced access to clinics and treatment due to reduced opening hours as well as patients’ and HCPs’ fear of getting infected with COVID-19. The third theme – effects of the pandemic on malaria – includes disruptions of malaria preventive measures and reduced access to and acceptance of chemoprophylaxis as the side effects mimic COVID-19 symptoms. Clinical discrimination between malaria and COVID-19 symptoms was difficult and HCPs observed increases in severe malaria cases in health facilities due to late reporting.
Conclusion
The COVID-19 pandemic has had large collateral impacts on mothers, children and HCPs. In addition to overall negative effects on families and communities, access to and quality of health services was severely impaired, including serious implications for malaria prevention and treatment.
Tbx6/Ripply mechanism as dynamic-to-static converter in somite segmentation
Authors: Yabe Taijiro , Uriu Koichiro , Takada Shinji 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The metameric pattern of somites is created based on oscillatory expression of clock genes in presomitic mesoderm. However, the mechanism for converting the dynamic oscillation to a static pattern of somites is still unclear. Here, we provide evidence that Ripply/Tbx6 machinery is a key regulator of this conversion. Somite boundary determination by Ripply1/Ripply2-mediated removal of Tbx6 protein leads to cessation of clock gene expression in zebrafish embryos. On the other hand, activation of ripply1/ripply2 mRNA and protein expression is periodically regulated by clock oscillation in conjunction with an Erk signaling gradient. Whereas Ripply protein decreases rapidly in embryos, Ripply-triggered Tbx6 suppression persists long enough to complete somite boundary formation. Mathematical modeling shows that a molecular network based on results of this study can reproduce dynamic-to-static conversion in somitogenesis. Furthermore, simulations with this model suggest that sustained suppression of Tbx6 caused by Ripply is crucial in this conversion.
Covid 19: Impacto en la educación ecuatoriana
Authors: Vallejo López Alida , Peñafiel Pazmiño Magaly 
Published: January 2023

En la actualidad la pandemia de COVID 19 ha cambiado el mundo y todos los sistemas de la sociedad, trayendo nuevas exigencias en la educación y en la atención en entidades de servicio público y el trabajo de millones de personas en el mundo. Las nuevas tecnologías digitales, han permitido al mundo funcionar de alguna manera en este lapso de tiempo, en todos los ámbitos de la sociedad. En la educación se necesita una constante interacción, entre docentes y estudiantes, durante la enseñanza – aprendizaje. Sin embargo, existen factores que afectan este proceso, entre ellos la accesibilidad a internet, la alfabetización digital y la capacidad económica de las familias para adquirir un dispositivo electrónico. En este sentido el gobierno ecuatoriano debe de realizar acciones para garantizar que los estudiantes tengan acceso a las exigencias del siglo XXI. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar de qué manera se está adaptando la población al nuevo esquema educativo, para visualizar las necesidades urgentes y dar sugerencias para solucionarlas.