bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Composite stimulation technology for improving fracture length and conductivity of unconventional reservoirs
Authors: Wang Yang , Lv Zefei 
Published: May 2023

Unconventional reservoirs have strong heterogeneity, with significant differences in the distribution of porosity and permeability. Fracturing is an important technology for increasing natural gas production in unconventional oil and gas reservoirs. For unconventional reservoirs with high temperature and low permeability, the rapid increase in acid rock reaction rate leads to a significant decrease in the effective distance of acidic fluids and fracture conductivity, especially the inability to obtain effective support at the fracture tip, which restricts the increase in production of high-temperature unconventional oil and gas reservoirs. To address the above issues, a composite fracturing method is proposed, which first uses a proppant to support the crack tip, and then uses gelled acid to corrode the middle and rear parts of the crack. According to the fracture conductivity achievement test experiment and proppant migration experiment, when 40/70 mesh ceramsite and 100 mesh ceramsite are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:4, the fracture conductivity can reach 21.8 μm·cm2 under the effective closing pressure of 60 MPa, which is 123% higher than the fracture conductivity of cementitious acid corrosion. The gel is used to carry 40/70 mesh and 100 mesh ceramsite, and the Equilibrium level of the sand embankment can reach 38 cm. At the same time, the sand dike formed by different particle sizes of ceramic particles is smoother than the sand vein formed by a single particle size of proppant, and the migration ability of ceramic particles to the fracture tip is better. The composite stimulation technology has been applied to 9 wells in carbonate and shale oil and gas reservoirs. After fracturing, the production of oil and gas wells is 210% higher than that of gelled acid fracturing, and the composite stimulation technology has achieved good stimulation effects.
Assessment of interprofessional obstetric and midwifery care from the midwives’ perspective using the Interprofessional Collaboration Scale (ICS)
Authors: Schulz Anja Alexandra , Wirtz Markus Antonius 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionInterprofessional collaboration of physicians and midwives is essential for appropriate and safe care of pregnant and parturient women as well as their newborns. The complexity of woman-centered care settings requires the continuous exchange of information and the coordinated implementation of multi-and interprofessional care concepts. To analyze the midwives’ perspective on the multi-and interprofessional care process during pregnancy, birth and postpartum period, we aimed to adapt and psychometrically evaluate the Interprofessional Collaboration Scale (ICS).MethodsThe ICS (13 items) was answered by 299 midwives for (i) prenatal and postpartum care as well as (ii) perinatal care. Three items on equitable communication (EC) identified in qualitative interviews with N = 6 midwives were added as further aspects of quality in collaborative midwifery care. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test competing theoretically hypothesized factorial model structures, including both care settings simultaneously, i.e., birth and prenatal/postpartum.ResultsA two-dimensional structure assuming the 13 original ICS items and the 3 items on EC as psychometric distinct item groups accounts for the data best. After deleting 5 ICS items with insufficient indicator reliability, a very good-fitting model structure was obtained for both prenatal/postpartum as well as perinatal care: χ2df = 192 = 226.35, p = 0.045, CFI = 0.991, RMSEA = 0.025 (90%CI: [0.004; 0.037]). Both the reduced ICS-R and the EC scale (standardized response mean = 0.579/1.401) indicate significantly higher interprofessional collaboration in the birth setting. Responsibility in consulting, attitudes toward obstetric care and frequency of collaboration with other professional groups proved to be associated with the ICS-R and EC scale as expected.DiscussionFor the adapted ICS-R and the EC scale a good construct validity could be confirmed. Thus, the scales can be recommended as a promising assessment for recording the collaboration of midwives with physicians working in obstetric care from the perspective of midwives. The instrument provides a validated assessment basis in midwifery and obstetric care to identify potentially divergent perspectives within interprofessional care teams in woman’s centered care.
Factors that influence a patient’s decision to engage in genetic research
Authors: Almutairi Amal , Alqubaishi Fatimah Abdulrahman , Alsolm Ebtehal A. , Binowayn Albandari , Almohammad Rania , Wani Tariq , Ababtain Aljohara , Alkadi Udai , Alrashed May M. , Althagafi Malak , Abu-Safieh Leen 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionThe most challenging step in clinical research studies is patient recruitment. Many research studies do not reach their targets because of participant rejection. The purpose of this study was to assess patient as well as the community knowledge, motivation, and barriers to participate in genetic research.MethodsA cross-section study was conducted between September 2018 and February 2020 using face-to-face interviews with candidate patients from outpatient clinics at King Fahad Medical City (KFMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Additionally, an online survey was conducted to assess the community’s knowledge, motivation and barriers to participate in genetic research studies.ResultsIn total, 470 patients were interviewed for this study, with 341 being successfully recruited for the face to face interview, and the other patients being refused owing to time constraints. The majority percentage of the respondents were females. The respondents’ mean age was 30, and 52.6% reported having a college degree. The survey results from 388 participants illustrated that around 90% of the participants, participated voluntarily due to a good understanding of genetics studies. The majority held positive attitudes toward being part of genetic research, which exceeded the reported motivation score of &gt;75%. The survey indicated that &gt;90% of individuals were willing to participate to acquire therapeutic benefits or to receive continued aftercare. However, 54.6% of survey participants were worried about the side effects and the risks involved in genetic testing. A higher proportion (71.4%) of respondents reported that lack of knowledge about genetic research was one of the barriers to rejecting participation.ConclusionRespondents reported relatively high motivation and knowledge for participation in genetic research. However, study participants reported “do not know enough about genetic research” and “lack of time during clinic visit” as a barrier for participation in genetic research.
Sex differences in pharmacological interventions and their effects on lifespan and healthspan outcomes: a systematic review
Authors: Knufinke Marie , MacArthur Michael R. , Ewald Collin Y. , Mitchell Sarah J. 
Published: May 2023

With an increasing aging population, the burden of age-related diseases magnifies. To alleviate this burden, geroprotection has been an area of intense research focus with the development of pharmacological interventions that target lifespan and/or healthspan. However, there are often sex differences, with compounds mostly tested in male animals. Given the importance of considering both sexes in preclinical research, this neglects potential benefits for the female population, as interventions tested in both sexes often show clear sexual dimorphisms in their biological responses. To further understand the prevalence of sex differences in pharmacological geroprotective intervention studies, we performed a systematic review of the literature according to the PRISMA guidelines. Seventy-two studies met our inclusion criteria and were classified into one of five subclasses: FDA-repurposed drugs, novel small molecules, probiotics, traditional Chinese medicine, and antioxidants, vitamins, or other dietary supplements. Interventions were analyzed for their effects on median and maximal lifespan and healthspan markers, including frailty, muscle function and coordination, cognitive function and learning, metabolism, and cancer. With our systematic review, we found that twenty-two out of sixty-four compounds tested were able to prolong both lifespan and healthspan measures. Focusing on the use of female and male mice, and on comparing their outcomes, we found that 40% of studies only used male mice or did not clarify the sex. Notably, of the 36% of pharmacologic interventions that did use both male and female mice, 73% of these studies showed sex-specific outcomes on healthspan and/or lifespan. These data highlight the importance of studying both sexes in the search for geroprotectors, as the biology of aging is not the same in male and female mice.Systematic Review Registration: [website], identifier [registration number].
Maternal Infection and Preterm Birth: From Molecular Basis to Clinical Implications
Authors: Daskalakis George , Psarris Alexandros , Koutras Antonios , Fasoulakis Zacharias , Prokopakis Ioannis , Varthaliti Antonia , Karasmani Christina , Ntounis Thomas , Domali Ekaterini , Theodora Marianna , Antsaklis Panos , Pappa Kalliopi I. , Papapanagiotou Angeliki 
Published: May 2023

As the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, preterm birth is recognized as a major public health concern around the world. The purpose of this review is to analyze the connection between infections and premature birth. Spontaneous preterm birth is commonly associated with intrauterine infection/inflammation. The overproduction of prostaglandins caused by the inflammation associated with an infection could lead to uterine contractions, contributing to preterm delivery. Many pathogens, particularly Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis, Gardnerella vaginalis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis, Actinomyces, Candida spp., and Streptococcus spp. have been related with premature delivery, chorioamnionitis, and sepsis of the neonate. Further research regarding the prevention of preterm delivery is required in order to develop effective preventive methods with the aim of reducing neonatal morbidity.
Mechanical and Physical Properties of an Experimental Chemically and Green-Nano Improved Dental Alginate after Proven Antimicrobial Potentials
Authors: Singer Lamia , Bourauel Christoph 
Published: May 2023

Objectives: Impression materials could be a source of cross-contamination due to the presence of microorganisms from blood and saliva inside the oral cavity. Nevertheless, routinely performed post-setting disinfection could compromise the dimensional accuracy and other mechanical properties of alginates. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate detail reproduction, dimensional accuracy, tear strength, and elastic recovery of new experimentally prepared self-disinfecting dental alginates. Methods: Two antimicrobial-modified dental alginate groups were prepared by mixing alginate powder with 0.2% silver nitrate (AgNO3 group) and a 0.2% chlorohexidine solution (CHX group) instead of pure water. Moreover, a third modified group was examined by the extraction of Boswellia sacra (BS) oleoresin using water. The extract was used to reduce silver nitrate to form silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), and the mixture was used as well in dental alginate preparation (BS + AgNP group). Dimensional accuracy and detail reproduction were examined as per the ISO 1563 standard guidelines. Specimens were prepared using a metallic mold engraved with three parallel vertical lines 20, 50, and 75 µm wide. Detail reproduction was evaluated by checking the reproducibility of the 50 µm line using a light microscope. Dimensional accuracy was assessed by measuring the change in length between defined reference points. Elastic recovery was measured according to ISO 1563:1990, in which specimens were gradually loaded and then the load was released to allow for recovery from the deformation. Tear strength was evaluated using a material testing machine until failure at a crosshead speed of 500 mm/min. Results: The recorded dimensional changes between all tested groups were insignificantly different and within the reported acceptable values (between 0.037–0.067 mm). For tear strength, there were statistically significant differences between all tested groups. Groups modified with CHX (1.17 ± 0.26 N/mm) and BS + AgNPs (1.11 ± 0.24 N/mm) showed higher tear strength values compared to the control (0.86 ± 0.23 N/mm) but were insignificant from AgNO3 (0.94 ± 0.17 N/mm). All tested groups showed elastic recovery values that met both the ISO standard and ADA specifications for elastic impression materials and tear strength values within the acceptable documented ranges. Discussion: The CHX, silver nitrate, and green-synthesized silver nanoparticles could be promising, inexpensive alternatives for the preparation of a self-disinfecting alginate impression material without affecting its performance. Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles could be a very safe, efficient, and nontoxic method, with the advantage of having a synergistic effect between metal ions and active chemical constituents of plant extracts.
Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope Imaging of Custom-Made Multi-Cylinder Phantoms: Theory and Experiment
Authors: Hevisov David , Glöckler Felix , Ott Felix , Kienle Alwin 
Published: May 2023

In this work, the image formation in a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) is investigated for custom-made multi-cylinder phantoms. The cylinder structures were fabricated using 3D direct laser writing and consist of parallel cylinders with radii of 5 and 10 μm for the respective multi-cylinder phantom, with overall dimensions of about 200×200×200 μm3. Measurements were performed for different refractive index differences and by varying other parameters of the measurement system, such as pinhole size or numerical aperture (NA). For theoretical comparison, the confocal setup was implemented in an in-house developed tetrahedron-based and GPU-accelerated Monte Carlo (MC) software. The simulation results for a cylindrical single scatterer were first compared with the analytical solution of Maxwell’s equations in two dimensions for prior validation. Subsequently, the more complex multi-cylinder structures were simulated using the MC software and compared with the experimental results. For the largest refractive index difference, i.e., air as the surrounding medium, the simulated and measured data show a high degree of agreement, with all the key features of the CLSM image being reproduced by the simulation. Even with a significant reduction in the refractive index difference by the use of immersion oil to values as low as 0.005, a good agreement between simulation and measurement was observed, particularly with respect to the increase in penetration depth.
Evaluation of the Effects of Different Phosphorus Sources on Microcystis aeruginosa Growth and Microcystin Production via Transcriptomic Surveys
Authors: Li Zihao , An Lili , Yan Feng , Shen Wendi , Du Wenjun , Dai Ruihua 
Published: May 2023

Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) is a dominant species among frequent cyanobacterial blooms and is well known for its toxin-producing ability. Phosphorus (P) is a typical growth-limiting element for M. aeruginosa. Although alterations in physiological reactions have been documented in response to various P sources, the underlying molecular processes and transcriptional patterns remain poorly understood. This study evaluated the physiological and molecular responses of M. aeruginosa to different P sources. The growth of M. aeruginosa was promoted by both dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) and dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) at a concentration of 0.4 mg/L with an initial cell density of 1.50 (±0.05) × 106 cells/mL. The cell density reached 1.38 (±0.05) × 107 cells/mL in the DIP group on day 14, a value which was higher than that in the DOP group. Most photosynthesis genes had higher levels of upregulated expression in the DIP group. For instance, gene psbA was upregulated by 0.45 Log2Fold Change (Log2FC). In the DOP group, it is interesting that the Pi (PO4-P) concentration increased to 0.09 mg/L on day 14. Meanwhile, the expression of the gene encoding alkaline phosphatase-like protein was significantly upregulated, with a value of 1.56 Log2FC, and the alkaline phosphatase concentration increased in the DOP group. The intracellular microcystin (IMC) concentration decreased with time in both groups. However, the concentration of extracellular microcystins (EMCs) increased with incubation time in both groups. Phosphorus participates in the regulation of microcystin synthesis, mainly by regulating ATP synthesis. Based on the physiological and molecular investigations in this study, the results provide crucial insights into the physiological adaptations and the role of P in modulating harmful algal bloom formation, microcystin synthesis, and potential molecular responses of M. aeruginosa.
Non-pharmacological interventions for the management of perinatal anxiety in primary care: a meta-review of systematic reviews
Authors: Silverwood Victoria , Bullock Laurna , Jordan Joanne , Turner Katrina , Chew-Graham Carolyn A , Kingstone Tom , Dawson Shoba 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundPerinatal anxiety (PNA), anxiety that occurs during pregnancy and/or up to 12 months postpartum, is estimated to affect up to 21% of women, and may impact negatively on mothers, children, and their families. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) has called for further research around non-pharmacological interventions in primary care for PNA.AimTo summarise the available international evidence on non-pharmacological interventions for women with PNA in a primary care population.Design & settingA meta-review of systematic reviews (SRs) with narrative synthesis was performed following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidance.MethodSystematic literature searches were conducted in 11 health-related databases up to June 2022. Titles, abstracts, and full-text articles were dual-screened against pre-defined eligibility criteria. A variety of study designs were included. Data were extracted about study participants, intervention design, and context. Quality appraisal was performed using the AMSTAR 2 tool (A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews). A patient and public involvement group informed and contributed towards this meta-review.ResultsTwenty-four SRs were included in the meta-review. Interventions were grouped into the following six categories for analysis purposes: psychological therapies; mind–body activities; emotional support from healthcare professionals (HCPs); peer support; educational activities; and alternative or complementary therapies.ConclusionIn addition to pharmacological and psychological therapies, this meta-review has demonstrated that there are many more options available for women to choose from that might be effective to manage their PNA. Evidence gaps are present in several intervention categories. Primary care clinicians and commissioners should endeavour to provide patients with a choice of these management options, promoting individual choice and patient-centred care.
Predicting Long-term Outcomes in Deceased Donor Kidney Transplant Recipients Using Three Short-term Graft Characteristics
Authors: Sandal Shaifali , Cantarovich Marcelo , Cardinal Heloise , Ramankumar Agnihotram V. , Senecal Lynne , Collette Suzon , Saw Chee Long , Paraskevas Steven , Tchervenkov Jean 
Published: May 2023

Key Points

Delayed graft function is not an ideal measure of graft function, yet is used to assess risk in kidney transplantation.We propose a model that combines it with two other measures of 90-day graft function to identify recipients at incremental risk of inferior long-term outcomes.

Background
Delayed graft function (DGF) in kidney transplant recipients is used to determine graft prognosis, make organ utilization decisions, and as an important end point in clinical trials. However, DGF is not an ideal measure of graft function. We aimed to develop and validate a model that provides incremental risk assessment for inferior patient and graft outcomes.

Methods
We included adult kidney-only deceased donor transplant recipients from 1996 to 2016. In addition to DGF, two short-term measures were used to assess risk: renal function recovery <100% (attaining half the donor's eGFR) and recipient's 90-day eGFR <30. Recipients were at no, low, moderate, or high risk if they met zero, one, two, or all criteria, respectively. Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the independent relationship between exposure and death-censored graft failure (DCGF) and mortality.

Results
Of the 792 eligible recipients, 24.5% experienced DGF, 40.5% had renal function recovery <100%, and 6.9% had eGFR <30. Over a median follow-up of 7.3 years, the rate of DCGF was 18.7% and mortality was 25.1%. When compared with recipients at no risk, those at low, moderate, and high risk were noted to have an increase in risk of DCGF (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03 to 2.27; aHR, 2.84; 95% CI, 1.68 to 4.79; aHR, 15.46; 95% CI, 8.04 to 29.71) and mortality (aHR, 1.16; 95% CI, 0.84 to 1.58; aHR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.13 to 3.07; aHR, 2.66; 95% CI, 1.19 to 5.97). When using a hierarchical approach, each additional exposure predicted the risk of DCGF better than DGF alone and 100 random bootstrap replications supported the internal validity of the risk model. In an external validation cohort deemed to be at lower risk of DCGF, similar nonsignificant trends were noted.

Conclusion
We propose a risk model that provides an incremental assessment of recipients at higher risk of adverse long-term outcomes than DGF alone. This can help advance the field of risk assessment in transplantation and inform therapeutic decision making in patients at the highest spectrum of inferior outcomes.
PERFORMANCE OF RABBIT URINE ON THE YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENT OF CUCUMBER
Authors: Okonji C. J. , Ajayi E. O , Obisesan O. I. , Osundare O. T. , Adetuyi A. O. 
Published: May 2023

Organic farming is known to be the production system where synthetic fertilizers and pesticides are largely or completely avoided, it has been observed recently the rapid growth of the system in the last decades. An experiment was conducted at the Vegetable Research Farm of National Horticultural Research Institute, Ibadan, Oyo state to determine the influence of rabbit urine as organic fertilizer on the growth and yield of two varieties of cucumber. The experiment was laid out in a factorial arrangement fitted into a randomized complete block design replicated 3 times. The trial comprised of two cucumber varieties (Marketer and Poinsett), urine application as soil and foliar application, NPK and the control. The results showed significant influence of the treatments on growth and yield of cucumber also significant interaction was observed between varieties and treatments used on yield attributes and yield of cucumber. The application of rabbit urine into the soil and by foliar on marketer cucumber significantly had the highest fruit yield in both years.