bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional dentition and edentulism associated with mortality: A cohort study of older adults in Southern Brazil
Authors: Araujo Cinthia Fonseca , Schuch Helena Silveira , Cademartori Mariana Gonzalez , Bielemann Renata Moraes , Bertoldi Andréa Dâmaso , Tomasi Elaine , Gonzalez Maria Cristina , Demarco Flávio Fernando 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the lack of a functional dentition and edentulism with mortality in a cohort of older adults in a Southern Brazilian city.Materials and MethodsThis is a longitudinal study carried out with community‐dwelling older adults (≥60 years old) from Pelotas, Brazil, using data from the baseline (2014) and the first follow‐up (2017). Main exposures were functional dentition (20+ teeth present) and edentulism (absence of all teeth), derived from self‐reported number of teeth. All‐causes mortality was evaluated according to the city's Epidemiological Surveillance Department. Potential confounders were age, sex, socioeconomic position, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and body mass index (BMI). To test the association between functional dentition and edentulism with mortality, Poisson regression models with robust variance were used, to estimate Relative Risks and 95% confidence intervals.ResultsA total of 1289 older adults had information on all variables of interest and comprise the analytical sample (from 1451 at baseline). When analysing the presence of functional dentition, only 222 individuals (17.2%) had 20 or more teeth in their mouth, while 490 older adults were edentulous (38.0%). Crude analysis showed an association between tooth loss indicators and mortality. Models adjusted for sociodemographic variables and health conditions and behaviours revelled no association between the exposures and mortality.ConclusionsWith the findings of this study, we did not identify an association between edentulism and functional dentition with mortality, after considering important shared risk factors.
Performance of indirect technique in peri‐implant soft tissue contour duplication in the anterior maxilla: A clinical pilot study
Authors: Ling Zhaoting , Jin Jiali , Wang Siyuan , Shen Xiaoting , He Fuming 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the performance of the indirect technique in peri‐implant soft tissue contour duplication after the delivery procedure in the anterior maxilla.Materials and MethodsPatients with single implant‐supported fixed restorations in the anterior maxilla were recruited. For the impression procedure, an intraoral scan was acquired by both the direct and the indirect techniques. For the delivery procedure, implants were randomly allocated into one of the two groups according to the approaches of digital impression preceding definite crown fabrication (A—direct technique; B—indirect technique) and were scanned again after the definite crown delivery. The stereolithography files were superimposed to analyze changes in peri‐implant soft tissue contour after the delivery procedure. The main outcomes were dimensional deviations of peri‐implant mucosa, and the secondary outcome was differences in the pink esthetic score (PES).ResultsA total of 20 implants that underwent the complete workflow were included. After the delivery procedure, significant deviations in palatal tissue thickness between the provisional and definite crowns were observed in Group A but these were absent in Group B. Additionally, deviations in labial thickness (0.27 ± 0.12 mm vs. 0.08 ± 0.09 mm) and palatal thickness (0.17 ± 0.15 mm vs. 0.03 ± 0.08 mm), and labial volume of soft tissue (1.87 ± 0.94 mm3 vs. 0.75 ± 0.74 mm3) in Group A were significantly higher than those in Group B. No significant differences in PES were found.ConclusionThe indirect technique of scanning the provisional crown can more accurately duplicate the peri‐implant soft tissue contour than the direct technique, resulting in a smaller deviation of the soft tissue in the delivery procedure.
Microhabitat conditions remedy heat stress effects on insect activity
Authors: Terlau Jördis F. , Brose Ulrich , Eisenhauer Nico , Amyntas Angelos , Boy Thomas , Dyer Alexander , Gebler Alban , Hof Christian , Liu Tao , Scherber Christoph , Schlägel Ulrike E. , Schmidt Anja , Hirt Myriam R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAnthropogenic global warming has major implications for mobile terrestrial insects, including long‐term effects from constant warming, for example, on species distribution patterns, and short‐term effects from heat extremes that induce immediate physiological responses. To cope with heat extremes, they either have to reduce their activity or move to preferable microhabitats. The availability of favorable microhabitat conditions is strongly promoted by the spatial heterogeneity of habitats, which is often reduced by anthropogenic land transformation. Thus, it is decisive to understand the combined effects of these global change drivers on insect activity. Here, we assessed the movement activity of six insect species (from three orders) in response to heat stress using a unique tracking approach via radio frequency identification. We tracked 465 individuals at the iDiv Ecotron across a temperature gradient up to 38.7°C. In addition, we varied microhabitat conditions by adding leaf litter from four different tree species to the experimental units, either spatially separated or well mixed. Our results show opposing effects of heat extremes on insect activity depending on the microhabitat conditions. The insect community significantly decreased its activity in the mixed litter scenario, while we found a strong positive effect on activity in the separated litter scenario. We hypothesize that the simultaneous availability of thermal refugia as well as resources provided by the mixed litter scenario allows animals to reduce their activity and save energy in response to heat stress. Contrary, the spatial separation of beneficial microclimatic conditions and resources forces animals to increase their activity to fulfill their energetic needs. Thus, our study highlights the importance of habitat heterogeneity on smaller scales, because it may buffer the consequences of extreme temperatures of insect performance and survival under global change.
Associations between appetite, physical activity and sedentary behaviour from hip‐ and wrist‐worn accelerometers in community‐dwelling older adults
Authors: Tsai Li‐Tang , Boyle Eleanor , Buhl Sussi F , Kock Gry , Brønd Jan C , Visser Marjolein , Mendonça Nuno , Shiroma Eric J , Caserotti Paolo 
Published: April 2023

AimThe objective of the current study was to examine whether physical activity and sedentary behavior were associated with appetite among community‐dwelling older adults.MethodsCross‐sectional analysis was performed on three cohort studies: the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA); the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study (HABC Study) and the I'm Still Standing Study (ISS Study); (n = 1173, n = 162, n = 125; age range: 57–99, 85–95, 80–100 years; women: 51%, 56%, 61%, respectively). Physical activity and sedentary behavior were measured using hip‐worn (LASA and HABC) and wrist‐worn (ISS) accelerometers. Appetite was self‐reported. Logistic regression models were fitted by accelerometer placement to explore the association between good appetite and various physical activity metrics (total activity, sedentary behavior, and time spent in different intensities of physical activity).ResultsAmong cohorts using hip‐worn accelerometers, those having total activity within the highest tertile had more than double the odds of having good appetite compared with those within the lowest tertile (odds ratio [OR] 2.16 (1.15–4.06)). Each additional percent of daily sedentary behavior decreased the odds for having good appetite by 3% (OR 0.97 (0.95–0.996)), while each additional percent of daily light‐intensity physical activity increased the odds for having good appetite by 4% (OR 1.02 (1.01–1.06)). No association was found between either physical activity or sedentary behavior and appetite for measurements with the wrist‐worn accelerometers.ConclusionsAmong community‐dwelling older adults, the associations between appetite, accelerometer‐assessed physical activity and sedentary behavior differ by accelerometer placement location. This study highlights the importance of careful interpretation of accelerometer data from different body locations and concurrent health outcomes. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 411–417.
‘It is still coming from the centre and coming out’: The material conditions adding to over‐bureaucratised patient and public involvement for commissioning health and care in England
Authors: Hatfield Debbie , Aranda Kay , Ferns Gordon , Flaherty Breda , Hart Angie 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo understand how materiality affects patient and public involvement (PPI) for commissioning and leading health and care services in the English National Health Service (NHS) context.ContextFrom April 2013 groups of general practitioners (GPs) became members of NHS clinical commissioning groups (CCGs) to assess needs and procure core health services for and with local communities. Since July 2022, integrated care systems (ICSs) have subsumed this responsibility. NHS reorganisations have been driven by the promise of more effective and efficient health care and have led to a long history of PPI on economic, political, and moral grounds. Few studies researching PPI in clinical commissioning exist and fewer still have explored a more agentic understanding of materiality and its impact on PPI.Study DesignA focused ethnography was used to examine PPI for clinical commissioning within two CCG case study sites in England. Three CCG Governing Body lay representatives, nine GP commissioners and seven service user representatives took part in focus groups and/or were interviewed. Fifteen nonparticipant observations were also carried out at CCG meetings and the associated materiality was examined.FindingsThe materiality of activities involved in clinical commissioning influences and shapes the nature of PPI. These forms of materiality may dilute and subvert meaningful engagement and involvement that relies on trust, leadership, learning, and partnership working.ConclusionSystem leaders in ICSs should consider the significance of materiality in centrally driven processes involved in PPI commissioning to reduce barriers and ensure meaningful partnerships within local communities.Patient and Public ContributionThe study design ensured PPI throughout the research process in keeping with contemporary research practice guidance. The project steering committee included service users with current or recent PPI clinical commissioning experience outside of the study sites. There was PPI involvement in the original study proposal and its development including the bid for doctoral funds on which this study is based. All were involved in assessing the rigour of the data collection, interpretation of the findings and ensuring the project remained true to the aims of the study. Two members have also participated in presentation of the study findings.
Alternative proteins as fish meal substitution in diets for largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides): a mini review
Authors: Cheng Yan , Wu You Jun , Zhu Chen Bin , Zhou Xian Ke , Yang Shun , Fei Hui 
Published: April 2023

SummaryAquaculture has been challenged to explore alternative proteins to develop efficient feed formulations that foster a sustainable future growth. Largemouth bass (LMB) are economically important cultured fish with a high demand for protein. One of the traditional ingredients used to develop protein diets is fish meal (FM). With the aquaculture industry expanding, the FM price climbs with broadening the imbalance between the supply and requirement. Hence, there is a requisite to explore novel alternative proteins sources. In this review, we summarised recent knowledge about the alternative sources of proteins with potential to partially or fully substitute FM in LMB feed and the shortcomings of present alternative proteins. We also highlight the challenges faced for LMB feed in the substitution of FM with alternative proteins, which need more in‐depth investigations in the future.
Influence of rare sugar syrup on quality attributes and acceptability of bread
Authors: Sawettanun Saranta , Inukai Ryusei , Yoshihara Akihide , Ogawa Masahiro 
Published: April 2023

SummaryRare sugar syrup (RSS) prepared by alkaline isomerisation of high‐fructose corn syrup (HFCS) contains rare sugars as well as D‐glucose (Glc) and D‐fructose (Fru) and has antiobesity and antidiabetic effects. RSS was used in making bread, and the quality of the final bread product was compared with bread with added sucrose (Suc). 20°Bx RSS‐ and 20°Bx HFCS‐added breads had lower loaf height and volume, moisture content and water activity compared with 20°Bx Suc‐added bread and had higher hardness and gumminess of bread crumb. In contrast, adding 2°Bx RSS did not affect the physical and texture characteristics of the bread. GC–MS analysis of the RSS‐added bread showed that acetol, 3,5‐dihydroxy‐6‐methyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐4H‐pyran‐4‐one, 5‐methylfurfural and acetic acid were the main volatiles, and the amounts were higher than in the Suc‐ and HFCS‐added breads. The addition of 20°Bx RSS resulted in the lowest liking scores for the bread texture, hardness and elasticity. The RSS‐added bread, with a lower evaluation than the 20°Bx Suc‐added bread, was acceptable in overall preference as the 20°Bx HFCS‐added bread. Moreover, after processing, the 20°Bx RSS‐bread retained 86% of the rare sugar D‐allulose with its health functions, so it could be beneficial to consumer health compared with HFCS and Suc.
Women's experiences of breastfeeding after a cesarean section: A meta‐synthesis
Authors: Ulfa Yunefit , Maruyama Naoko , Igarashi Yumiko , Horiuchi Shigeko 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimThe World Health Organization and United Nations Children's Fund recommend the early initiation of breastfeeding within the first hour postpartum for successful exclusive breastfeeding. However, cesarean section is a risk factor for unsuccessful early initiation of breastfeeding. Herein, we aim to explore women's experiences of breastfeeding after a cesarean section.MethodsWe used the Joanna Briggs Institute framework in this meta‐synthesis. We searched articles published from 1990 to 2022 on PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane library, PsycInfo, and EMBASE to identify qualitative studies on women's experiences of breastfeeding after a cesarean section. We used the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist for qualitative studies to assess the quality of the included studies.ResultsSeven qualitative studies from five countries met the inclusion criteria, representing the views of 194 women who underwent cesarean sections. Six new categories were integrated into the women's experiences of breastfeeding after a cesarean section as follows: (i) Perceived values of breastfeeding, (ii) Emotional vulnerability in breastfeeding, (iii) Physical difficulties in breastfeeding, (iv) Inconvenient conditions in breastfeeding, (v) Inadequate resources for breastfeeding, and (vi) Support systems to enable breastfeeding.ConclusionsWe provide evidence showing that knowledge of the specific breastfeeding mechanism and provision of the most appropriate postsurgical care by healthcare providers just after a cesarean section can reduce the barriers to post‐cesarean breastfeeding. Moreover, effective hospital policies and family support can result in the initiation of positive breastfeeding outcomes. Future studies that consider the cultural aspects of breastfeeding practice may generate additional insights into providing optimal postpartum care.
Hypercholesterolemia induced by spontaneous oligogenic mutations in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)
Authors: Takenaka Akiko , Suzuki Juri , Tanaka Hiroyuki , Hibino Kumiko , Kamanaka Yoshiro , Nakamura Shin , Mitsunaga Fusako , Kawamoto Yoshi , Morimoto Mayumi , Aisu Seitaro , Natsume Takayoshi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundA rhesus macaque with the fourth highest plasma cholesterol (CH) levels of 501 breeding macaques was identified 22 years ago. Seven offspring with gene mutations causing hypercholesterolemia were obtained.MethodsActivity of low‐density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), plasma CH levels and mRNA expression levels of LDLR were measured after administration of 0.1% (0.27 mg/kcal) or 0.3% CH.ResultsActivity of p. (Cys82Tyr) of LDLR was 71% and 42% in the heterozygotes and a homozygote, respectively. The mRNA expression level of LDLR in the p. (Val241Ile) of membrane‐bound transcription factor protease, site 2 (MBTPS2, S2P protein) was 0.83 times lower than normal levels. LDLR mRNA levels were increased for up to 4 weeks by administration of 0.3% CH before suddenly decreasing to 80% of the baseline levels after 6 weeks.ConclusionOligogenic mutations of p. (Cys82Tyr) in LDLR and p. (Val241Ile) in MBTPS2 (S2P) caused hypercholesterolemia exceeding cardiovascular risk levels under a 0.1% CH diet.
Family's experience of memory making in adult intensive care and its use in early bereavement: A descriptive qualitative study
Authors: Riegel Melissa , Buckley Thomas , Randall Sue 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAim and objectivesTo explore the family's experience being offered memory making during end‐of‐life care in the adult intensive care unit and its use in early bereavement.BackgroundFamily members of individuals who develop a critical illness requiring emergency hospitalisation are unlikely to be prepared for a possible death. This places them at increased risk of poorer bereavement experiences. One potential intervention is memory making, which is an act that provides tangible objects such as a handprint, footprint, lock of hair, or teddy bear, that allows connections with and provides meaningful memories about a person. Families in the adult acute population reportedly have positive reactions regarding the objects, but it is unknown the object’s effects on early bereavement experiences.DesignDescriptive qualitative study utilising inductive reflexive thematic analysis. Reporting adheres to the COREQ checklist.MethodsBetween May 2019‐December 2020, a purposeful, convenience sample of 21 participants from a tertiary referral, adult intensive care unit in Australia were recruited to explore their experiences being offered memory making during end‐of‐life care and the objects use in early bereavement. Interviews were conducted using a semi‐structured format and occurred at the participants' location of choice.ResultsData analysis generated three themes: guidance during end of life by healthcare professionals that recognises the autonomy of the family; object used as a trigger to access memories; and storage and preservation of the object as an indication of its sentimental value and use in early bereavementConclusionMemory making objects such as handprints, locks of hair, or teddy bears received in the adult intensive care unit were valued and utilised during early bereavement by most recipients.Relevance to clinical practiceFindings inform practice evidence gaps regarding the family's experiences of memory making received as a bereavement intervention in the adult acute population.Patient or public contributionParticipants contributed through sharing their first‐hand experiences of receiving memory making in the adult intensive care unit.
Bedside nurses' antimicrobial stewardship practice scope and competencies in acute hospital settings: A scoping review
Authors: Zhao Wenting , Guo Wei , Sun Pei , Yang Yuanhui , Ning Yan , Liu Ru , Xu Yufei , Li Shuhua , Shang Linping 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimTo identify and map bedside nurses' practice scope and competencies regarding antimicrobial stewardship in acute hospital settings, and develop a competency framework for them.BackgroundAntimicrobial stewardship requires multidisciplinary engagement including nursing. However, bedside nurses' antimicrobial stewardship practice scope and competencies in acute hospital settings remain unclear.DesignScoping review.MethodsUsing a five‐stage framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley and following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines.ResultsA total of 1422 records were retrieved, and 41 studies were included. In addition to the six practices recommended, this review summarized bedside nurses' contributions to five additional fields as well. Correspondingly, the competencies required by bedside nurses were summarized into eight domains: specialized knowledge, safety medication administration, leadership, education, diagnostic stewardship, infection prevention and control, professional development and professional quality.ConclusionNurses' practice scope overlaps greatly with routine nursing practice in antimicrobial stewardship, confirming the evidence that nurses are ideal partners in antimicrobial stewardship. This review developed a competency framework at both basic and advanced levels. Among them, professional knowledge is the foundation, while professional quality motivates nurses to participate. In addition to competency assessment, it can also be used for training and human resource deployment based on seniority or professional level. This could bridge the knowledge gap and improve the engagement of nurses in heavy workload situations.Relevance to clinical practiceThis practice scope will provide opportunities for nurses to engage in antimicrobial stewardship. Moreover, nursing competencies identified in this field could facilitate the development of competency‐based education interventions, talent assessments, training and recruitment programs.Data resourcesPubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINHAL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, ProQuest and Scopus were searched from inception to November 2022, with an updated search in March 2023.ImpactThis scoping review provides evidence for best nursing practice scope and competency in antimicrobial stewardship in hospitals. However, it is also in line with the commitment of all nurses in the global community to combat antimicrobial resistance, which has become a global threat. An antimicrobial stewardship competency framework for bedside nurses was developed at both the basic and advanced levels. It would facilitate talent assessment, training, recruitment and human resource management by guiding the development of competency‐based education interventions.Patient or Public ContributionNo Patient or Public Contribution.
The Role of Executive Functions in Fluent Reading: Lessons from Reading Acquisition and Remediation
Authors: Horowitz‐Kraus Tzipi 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTThis review paper aims to define the involvement of Executive Functions (EF) in reading fluency in typically developing children and those with reading difficulties (RD)/dyslexia using neuroimaging and cognitive measurements. The data presented in this review demonstrate how training reading fluency with EF principles improved reading fluency and associated neural circuits. The possible mechanism for this fluency improvement points to the utilization of EF during reading remediation and its relation to the synchronization between the auditory and visual modalities in RD. Overall, the studies reviewed in the current paper suggest that reading fluency is achieved through a better synchronization of EF‐brain regions with sensory networks, which are linked to decreased neural noise. These results support embedding EF principles in reading training and point to the need to include the fluency component in the Simple View of Reading model and open up possible opportunities to improve reading in children.