bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A scoping review of older patients' health‐related quality of life, recovery and well‐being after intensive care
Authors: Israelsson‐Skogsberg Åsa , Eriksson Thomas , Lindberg Elisabeth 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimsIn the present study, we aimed to determine how Health‐Related Quality of Life (HRQoL), recovery (function and capacity in daily life) and well‐being are followed up and characterised in persons ≥65 years of age who were being cared for in an intensive care unit (ICU).DesignA scoping review.MethodsCINAHL, MEDLINE (Ovid) and PsycINFO databases were searched in October 2021. 20 studies met the inclusion criteria. The scoping review followed the principles outlined by Arksey and O'Malley, and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐analyses (PRISMA) checklist and Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) framework were used.ResultsResults are presented under five subheadings: Study characteristics, Type of studies, Methods for follow‐up, health‐related quality of life, and Recovery. Time seems to be an important factor regarding HRQoL among older patients being cared for in an ICU, with most elderly survivors perceiving their HRQoL as acceptable after 1 year. Nevertheless, several studies showed patients' willingness to be readmitted to the ICU if necessary, indicating that life is worth fighting for.Patient or Public ContributionDue to the design of the study, this study involves no patient or public contribution.
Emotional and behavioral problems of pediatric cancer survivors and their siblings: Concordance of child self‐report and parent proxy‐report
Authors: Paul Verena , Inhestern Laura , Winzig Jana , Nasse Mona L. , Krauth Konstantin A. , Rutkowski Stefan , Escherich Gabriele , Bergelt Corinna 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveChildhood cancer confronts families with major challenges. The study aimed at developing an empirical and multi‐perspective understanding of emotional and behavioral problems of cancer survivors diagnosed with leukemia and brain tumors and their siblings. Further, the concordance between child self‐report and parent proxy‐report was examined.Methods140 children (72 survivors, 68 siblings) and 309 parents were included in the analysis (respond rate: 34%). Patients, diagnosed with leukemia or brain tumors, and their families were surveyed on average 7.2 months after the end of intensive therapy. Outcomes were assessed using the German SDQ. Results were compared with normative samples. Data were analyzed descriptively, and group differences between survivors, siblings, and a norm sample were determined using one‐factor ANOVA followed by pairwise comparisons. The concordance between the parents and children was determined by calculating Cohen's kappa coefficient.ResultsNo differences in the self‐report of survivors and their siblings were identified. Both groups reported significantly more emotional problems and more prosocial behavior than the normative sample. Although the interrater reliability between parents and children was mostly significant, low concordances were found for emotional problems, prosocial behavior (survivor/parents), and peer relationship problems (siblings/parents).ConclusionThe findings point out the importance of psychosocial services in regular aftercare. These should not only focus on survivors, but additionally address the siblings' needs. The low concordance between the parents' and the children's perspectives on emotional problems, prosocial behavior, and peer relationship problems suggests the inclusion of both perspectives to allow needs‐based support.
New prediction categories in CASP15
Authors: Kryshtafovych Andriy , Antczak Maciej , Szachniuk Marta , Zok Tomasz , Kretsch Rachael C. , Rangan Ramya , Pham Phillip , Das Rhiju , Robin Xavier , Studer Gabriel , Durairaj Janani , Eberhardt Jerome , Sweeney Aaron , Topf Maya , Schwede Torsten , Fidelis Krzysztof , Moult John 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPrediction categories in the Critical Assessment of Structure Prediction (CASP) experiments change with the need to address specific problems in structure modeling. In CASP15, four new prediction categories were introduced: RNA structure, ligand‐protein complexes, accuracy of oligomeric structures and their interfaces, and ensembles of alternative conformations. This paper lists technical specifications for these categories and describes their integration in the CASP data management system.
Understanding the depressurization system design
Authors: Karre Avinashkumar V. , Cai Tianxing , Jena Akash , Jaiswal Avanindra , Jaiswal Abhishek 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA pressure relief valve (PSV) cannot depressurize a vessel or system; it can only limit its maximum pressure during upset or emergency conditions. A blowdown system is usually specified to accomplish the removal of the pressurized, volatile, hazardous, and flammable compounds such as hydrocarbon or ammonia vapor in vessels or systems. The pressure is removed from the vessel using a blowdown system; however, some hydrocarbon liquid will remain in the vessel. This paper explains different criteria for designing a blowdown system. Examples are presented to show how the blowdown time is affected by several factors. The Joule–Thomson effect and its effect on the vessel's inner wall temperature are illustrated using charts and tables. Several applications of the blowdown system are provided that relate to actual offshore and refining operations. Different mechanisms by which the blowdown system is activated are discussed, and a simplified design procedure to design a blowdown system is also provided.
SVAE‐GRU‐based degradation generation and prediction for small samples
Authors: Shangguan Anqi , Feng Nan , Mu Lingxia , Fei Rong , Hei Xinhong , Xie Guo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe degradation process analysis is the basis of the system reliability assessment. Too few degradation samples will affect the accuracy of the reliability analysis. So, it is necessary to expand the degradation data and construct the degradation prediction model. This paper proposes an SVAE‐GRU‐based degradation generation and prediction model to handle the issues. New degradation data are generated by combining the Stacked Variational Autoencoder (SVAE) and Gated Recurrent Units (GRU) in each time step, which can improve the learning effectiveness of the degradation features. The GRU and the Multi‐layer perceptron calculate the mean and the variance of the degradation distribution for each timestamp, the deeply heterogeneity and temporal feature of the original degraded samples are learned. Then the degradation amount of different samples are predicted. The optimal hyper‐parameters of the SVAE‐GRU are obtained by the grid search method. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, three datasets and four methods are used for experiment comparison in this paper. The actual example indicate that the SVAE‐GRU method has the best effect on the degradation generation and prediction.
Nitrogen doping induced by intrinsic defects of recycled polyethylene terephthalate‐derived carbon nanotubes
Authors: Li Chuanping , Tong Lijuan , Wang Shuling , Liu Qian , Wang Yaxin , Li Xuan , Wang Manxi , Li Manxian , Chen Xiaochuan , Wu Junxiong , Chen Qinghua , Mai Yiu‐Wing , Fan Weiwei , Chen Yuming , Li Xiaoyan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe indiscriminate utilization of nondegradable polyethylene terephthalate (PET)‐based products has triggered serious environmental pollution that has to be resolved vigorously. A simple synthesis of N‐doped carbon nanotubes from recycled PET (NCNTsr‐PET) was developed by a nitric acid‐assisted hydrothermal method. Experimental results and theoretical calculations show that the intrinsic defects in CNTsr‐PET would induce N‐doping by NH3 generated from nitric acid during the hydrothermal process, thus producing the NCNTsr‐PET. The life cycle assessment proves that the developed method for N‐doped CNTs using r‐PET as the carbon source is more environmentally friendly than the conventional chemical vapor deposition using acetylene as the carbon source. As a typical application, the NCNTsr‐PET delivered an impressive sodium storage capacity with an ultralong lifespan. This work not only provides a new route to upcycling waste plastics into valuable carbonaceous materials in an ecofriendly manner, but also reveals a basic understanding of the N‐doping mechanism in carbonaceous materials.
A “greenhouse gas balance” for aviation in line with the Paris Agreement
Authors: Fuglestvedt Jan , Lund Marianne T. , Kallbekken Steffen , Samset Bjørn Hallvard , Lee David S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe effects of aviation on climate pose unique policy challenges. A large fraction of the CO2 emissions (65%) is international and not (explicitly) included in the Paris Agreement. The interpretation of Article 4.1 on achieving a “balance between anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases” is ambiguous in the context of aviation because of the substantial non‐CO2 effects associated with the sector. For the achievement of the temperature goal in Article 2, both CO2 and non‐CO2 effects are important. The non‐CO2 effects contribute 66% of the sectoral total climate effect (in terms of Effective Radiative Forcing; ERF) at present, with significant uncertainties. The largest of these non‐CO2 effects, contrail‐cirrus and the net‐effect of NOx, are not caused by direct greenhouse gas emissions, representing another ambiguity as to whether they should be included in the balance concept. We discuss the role of aviation in the context of the Paris Agreement, and present illustrative calculations of a hypothetical aviation “greenhouse gas balance.” Several questions are addressed: Which components should be included? If an aggregate of components is adopted for the “balance,” which metric should be used? How can the large differences in timescales as well as the large intrinsic underlying ERF uncertainties be handled? We demonstrate that these choices result in very different requirements for CO2‐removal from the atmosphere and different temperature outcomes over time. The article provides policymakers with an overview of issues and choices that are important regarding which approach is most appropriate for defining and achieving a greenhouse gas balance for aviation in the context of the Paris Agreement.This article is categorized under:
Policy and Governance > International Policy Framework
Climate and Development > Knowledge and Action in Development
Paleoclimates and Current Trends > Climate Forcing
The Embodied City: A Method for Multisensory Mapping
Authors: Misharina Anna , Betts Eleanor 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis chapter presents a methodology for recording sensory data in an urban landscape and looks forward to how this might be adapted to enable multisensory mapping of ancient spaces more broadly. The premise is that it is impossible to make a single map of a city without overlapping temporal, monumental, social, and sensory spaces, a premise situated in Henri Lefebvre’s philosophy of social space. The focus of the authors’ methodology is lived space. Lived space is constructed from the relations between people and their habitation of the physical environment. Recognition of, and attachment to, places is constructed through personal experience and memories. Sight, sound, smell, taste, kinaesthesia, and touch all contribute to the creation of the experience and affectiveness of place. Sensation is complex, and the sensory experience of place is more so. In any discipline, taking a multisensory approach means embracing this complexity, while recognising the myriad variables and finding methods and approaches by which to record them. In order to draw attention to the embodied city, the authors invited a group of workshop participants to work with a map of the Canterbury city centre (Kent, UK) as a critical tool with which to analyse concrete space. Participants were encouraged to map the impressions engendered by their physical environment in the specific moment in which they encountered it. The objective of this exercise was to capture the qualitative experience of sensory space by recording individual perceptions of sensory stimuli. The results were then digitised and are presented in the final section of this chapter.
Kinesthetic Archaeologies: Digital Methods and the Reconstruction of Movement
Authors: Dunn Stuart 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDigitization, defined as the capture of data into computable 1 and 0 s, is a freeze-frame process: a digital image, a piece of text, a video or audio file are a fixed set of data that is only rendered dynamic when it is read or played, or otherwise executed. What, therefore, are the implications of digitising movement? Digital technologies and methods employed for such digitization take a variety of forms, but broadly, they can be divided into two categories: those which capture and record motion directly (such as motion capture), and those which reconstruct it (such as GIS cost pathways). This chapter will consider and compare these two classes of approach. By considering them in the context of their “digital epistemology,” it will seek to situate these two highly complementary methods between performance studies and the digital humanities. By combining historical perspectives from both areas, the chapter will offer an evaluation of how the digital capture and recording of movement can contribute to our understandings of past environments and processes.
Combining 3D Visibility Analysis and Virtual Acoustics Analysis for the Architectural Study of Ancient Theatres
Authors: Manzetti Maria Cristina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe research presented in this chapter demonstrates the fruitful combination of interdisciplinary and multisensory approaches in the field of archaeology. Several disciplines, such as architecture, archaeology, computer science, acoustics and geophysics, cooperated to obtain new data and to elaborate new hypotheses about the original structure of the Roman theatres in Crete. All the information available about these monuments (such as ancient drawings, descriptions of travellers, plans, archaeological reports, aerial pictures and geophysical anomalies) were the basis to hypothesise their original architecture, together with the support of comparisons with well-preserved Roman theatres and with Vitruvius’ proportions. These reconstructive hypotheses were visualised by 3D models and their accuracy was verified through a new methodology that sees the application of 3D visibility analysis and virtual acoustics analysis. The 3D visibility analysis was useful to verify the level of visibility of the stage by the spectators in the seating area. The virtual acoustics analysis was used to obtain quantitative values of acoustic parameters helpful to judge the acoustic quality of the 3D reconstructions. The auralisation was also carried out to attain a subjective parameter about acoustic perception. In particular, by 3D visibility analysis and virtual acoustics analysis, it is possible to verify the reliability and the accuracy of hypothetical reconstructions, assuming that every spectator was able to watch the stage and able to listen and to comprehend any performance. The case study presented here is the theatre at the acropolis of Gortyna. Two different 3D reconstructions were tested and it has resulted that the 3D model of the theatre which maintains some Greek characteristics is the most reliable one. This approach made it possible to obtain data that could not be obtained otherwise, as well as raising new questions and opening up new perspectives.
Imagery of Social Structure and Social Change
Authors: Kortesoja Matti 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGiven that most social scientists and cultural analysts study society and social change in one way or another, how conscious are we of the conceptual metaphors that inform the foundations of our work? This chapter directs the analytical gaze to the conceptual metaphors that social scientists and cultural analysts apply—in a largely unconscious manner—when discussing social and cultural phenomena in terms of social structure and social change. The methodological exploration begins from a conceptual-historical perspective, with Skinner’s work as a historian of political science. He found the meaning of a concept to reside in its usage. I compare the Skinnerian method of contextual analysis, which factors in the history of concepts, with the metaphorical method employed by historians of sociological thought such as Richard Harvey Brown. The discussion below addresses the fundamental shift in the imagery of social structure and social change in analysis that brings out the political aspect of conceptual metaphors with reference to how they form and take shape in academic debate, in both theory and practice. Such contextual understanding furnishes tools for a critical examination of the conceptual metaphors in their intellectual, political, and material contexts.
Spätverfolgung von NS-Unrecht – Reflexionen der Nebenklagevertretung
Authors: Rückel Christoph 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungIn den Strafverfahren der letzten Jahre wegen NS-Unrecht hat der Anwalt als Nebenkläger Vertreter für HolocaustÜberlebende de facto eine besondere Aufgabe zu übernehmen. Diese Anwaltsaufgabe hat dabei allein wegen des hohen Alters der Mandanten eine besondere Bedeutung gerade in der Betreuung und Information bekommen. Hinzu kommt die historische Veränderung der Nebenklägerrolle seit dem Eichmann Verfahren aus dem Jahre 1961. Der Anwalt als Nebenkläger Vertreter wirkt jetzt aktiv neben der Staatsanwaltschaft im gesamten Verfahren mit. In den NS Verfahren der Neuzeit wirkt der Anwalt intensiv mit an der Kommunikation, der Aufklärung und der gesamten Verfahrensgestaltung.
Ablation of specific long PDE4D isoforms increases neurite elongation and conveys protection against amyloid-β pathology
Authors: Paes Dean , Schepers Melissa , Willems Emily , Rombaut Ben , Tiane Assia , Solomina Yevgeniya , Tibbo Amy , Blair Connor , Kyurkchieva Elka , Baillie George S. , Ricciarelli Roberta , Brullo Chiara , Fedele Ernesto , Bruno Olga , van den Hove Daniel , Vanmierlo Tim , Prickaerts Jos 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInhibition of phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) enzymes has been investigated as therapeutic strategy to treat memory problems in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Although PDE4D inhibitors are effective in enhancing memory processes in rodents and humans, severe side effects may hamper their clinical use. PDE4D enzymes comprise different isoforms, which, when targeted specifically, can increase treatment efficacy and safety. The function of PDE4D isoforms in AD and in molecular memory processes per se has remained unresolved. Here, we report the upregulation of specific PDE4D isoforms in transgenic AD mice and hippocampal neurons exposed to amyloid-β. Furthermore, by means of pharmacological inhibition and CRISPR-Cas9 knockdown, we show that the long-form PDE4D3, -D5, -D7, and -D9 isoforms regulate neuronal plasticity and convey resilience against amyloid-β in vitro. These results indicate that isoform-specific, next to non-selective, PDE4D inhibition is efficient in promoting neuroplasticity in an AD context. Therapeutic effects of non-selective PDE4D inhibitors are likely achieved through actions on long isoforms. Future research should identify which long PDE4D isoforms should be specifically targeted in vivo to both improve treatment efficacy and reduce side effects.
Relaxed and logarithmic modules of $$\widehat{{{\mathfrak {s}}}{{\mathfrak {l}}}_3}$$
Authors: Adamović Dražen , Creutzig Thomas , Genra Naoki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn Adamović (Commun Math Phys 366:1025–1067, 2019), the affine vertex algebra $$L_k({{\mathfrak {s}}}{{\mathfrak {l}}}_2)$$

L
k

(
s

l
2

)

is realized as a subalgebra of the vertex algebra $$Vir_c \otimes \Pi (0)$$

V
i

r
c

⊗
Π

(
0
)

, where $$Vir_c $$

V
i

r
c

is a simple Virasoro vertex algebra and $$\Pi (0)$$

Π
(
0
)

is a half-lattice vertex algebra. Moreover, all $$L_k({{\mathfrak {s}}}{{\mathfrak {l}}}_2)$$

L
k

(
s

l
2

)

-modules (including, modules in the category $$KL_k$$

K

L
k

, relaxed highest weight modules and logarithmic modules) are realized as $$Vir_c \otimes \Pi (0)$$

V
i

r
c

⊗
Π

(
0
)

-modules. A natural question is the generalization of this construction in higher rank. In the current paper, we study the case $${\mathfrak {g}}= {{\mathfrak {s}}}{{\mathfrak {l}}}_3$$

g
=
s

l
3

and present realization of the VOA $$L_k({\mathfrak {g}})$$

L
k

(
g
)

for $$k \notin {\mathbb {Z}}_{\ge 0}$$

k
∉

Z

≥
0

as a vertex subalgebra of $${\mathcal {W}}_ k \otimes {\mathcal {S}} \otimes \Pi (0)$$

W
k

⊗
S
⊗
Π

(
0
)

, where $${\mathcal {W}}_ k $$

W
k

is a simple Bershadsky–Polyakov vertex algebra and $${\mathcal {S}}$$
S
is the $$\beta \gamma $$

β
γ

vertex algebra. We use this realization to study ordinary modules, relaxed highest weight modules and logarithmic modules. We prove the irreducibility of all our relaxed highest weight modules having finite-dimensional weight spaces (whose top components are Gelfand–Tsetlin modules). The irreducibility of relaxed highest weight modules with infinite-dimensional weight spaces is proved up to a conjecture on the irreducibility of certain $${\mathfrak {g}}$$
g
-modules which are not Gelfand–Tsetlin modules. The next problem that we consider is the realization of logarithmic modules. We first analyse the free-field realization of $${\mathcal {W}}_ k $$

W
k

from Adamović et al. (Lett Math Phys 111(2), Paper No. 38, arXiv:2007.00396 [math.QA], 2021) and obtain a realization of logarithmic modules for $${\mathcal {W}}_ k $$

W
k

of nilpotent rank two at most admissible levels. Beyond admissible levels, we get realization of logarithmic modules up to a existence of certain $${\mathcal {W}}_k({{\mathfrak {s}}}{{\mathfrak {l}}}_3, f_{pr})$$

W
k

(
s

l
3

,

f

pr

)

-modules. Using logarithmic modules for the $$\beta \gamma $$

β
γ

VOA, we are able to construct logarithmic $$L_k({\mathfrak {g}})$$

L
k

(
g
)

-modules of rank three.
Emergence of sense of body ownership but not agency during virtual tool-use training is associated with an altered body schema
Authors: Najafabadi Amir Jahanian , Küster Dennis , Putze Felix , Godde Ben 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this study we examined if training with a virtual tool in augmented reality (AR) affects the emergence of ownership and agency over the tool and whether this relates to changes in body schema (BS). 34 young adults learned controlling a virtual gripper to grasp a virtual object. In the visuo-tactile (VT) but not the vision-only (V) condition, vibro-tactile feedback was applied to the palm, thumb and index fingers through a CyberTouch II glove when the tool touched the object. Changes in the forearm BS were assessed with a tactile distance judgement task (TDJ) where participants judged distances between two tactile stimuli applied to their right forearm either in proximodistal or mediolateral orientation. Participants further rated their perceived ownership and agency after training. TDJ estimation errors were reduced after training for proximodistal orientations, suggesting that stimuli oriented along the arm axis were perceived as closer together. Higher ratings for ownership were associated with increasing performance level and more BS plasticity, i.e., stronger reduction in TDJ estimation error, and after training in the VT as compared to the V feedback condition, respectively. Agency over the tool was achieved independent of BS plasticity. We conclude that the emergence of a sense of ownership but not agency depends on performance level and the integration of the virtual tool into the arm representation.