bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of water's surface elevation in compound channels with converging and diverging floodplains using soft computing techniques
Authors: Bijanvand Sajad , Mohammadi Mirali , Parsaie Abbas 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this research, water's surface elevation in compound channels with converging and diverging floodplains using soft computing models including the Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Network (MLPNN), Group Method of Data Handling (GMDH), Neuro-Fuzzy Group Method of Data Handling (NF-GMDH) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) was modeled and predicted. For this purpose, laboratory data published in this field were used. Parameters including convergence angle (with a positive sign) and divergence angle (with a negative sign), relative depth, and relative distance were used as input variables. The results showed that all the used models have appropriate performance. However, the best performance was related to the SVM model with statistical indicators R2 = 0.998 and RMSE = 0.008 in the testing stage. The use of the adaptive fuzzy approach in developing the GMDH model led to a remarkable increase in accuracy so that its statistical indicators in the testing stage reached R2 = 0.985 and RMSE = 0.203. It was found that the best performance of the activation and kernel functions in the development of the MLPNN model and the SVM is related to the sigmoid and radial tangent functions.
An n-valued neutrosophic set method for the assessment of an offshore oil spill risk
Authors: Han Minglei , Fan Changxing , Huang Shan , Hu Keli , Fan En 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
With the development of maritime transportation, oil spill accidents occur frequently. In this paper, a scientific and reasonable assessment of ship oil spills, offshore oil platform oil spills, and subsea pipeline oil spills is carried out, and a risk assessment method of an offshore oil spill based on an n-value neutrosophic set is proposed. First, the oil spill risk evaluation index systems of these three risk sources are constructed, respectively, and the entropy weight method is used to calculate the weight. Second, we establish a risk assessment model under the n-value neutrosophic environment. Furthermore, we use the n-value neutrosophic-weighted arithmetic average (NVNWAA) to calculate the risk levels of the following three risk sources: ship oil spills, offshore oil platform spills, and submarine pipeline spills. Finally, according to the results of the risk assessment, the countermeasures to strengthen the preventive measures of oil spill accidents are put forward.
The Effect of Retroconversion Metabolism of N-oxide Metabolites by Intestinal Microflora
on Piperaquine Elimination in Mice, as well as in Humans Predicted Using a
PBPK Model
Authors: Xing Jie , Zhou Hongchang , Zhang Liyuan , Ji Jianbo , Xie Yuewu 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Piperaquine (PQ) and its pharmacologically active metabolite PQ N-oxide (PM1) can be
metabolically interconverted via hepatic cytochrome P450 and FMO enzymes.

Objectives:
The reductive metabolism of PM1 and its further N-oxidation metabolite (PM2) by intestinal microflora
was evaluated, and its role in PQ elimination was also investigated.

Methods:
The hepatic and microbial reduction metabolism of PM1 and PM2 was studied in vitro. The reaction phenotyping
experiments were performed using correlation analysis, selective chemical inhibition, and human recombinant
CYP/FMO enzymes. The role of microbial reduction metabolism in PQ elimination was evaluated in mice pretreated
with antibiotics. The effect of the reduction metabolism on PQ exposures in humans was predicted using a
physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model.

Results:
Both hepatic P450/FMOs enzymes and microbial nitroreductases (NTRs) contributed to the reduction metabolism
of two PQ N-oxide metabolites. In vitro physiologic and enzyme kinetic studies of both N-oxides showed a
comparable intrinsic clearance by the liver and intestinal microflora. Pretreatment with antibiotics did not lead to a
significant (P > 0.05) change in PQ pharmacokinetics in mice after an oral dose. The predicted pharmacokinetic
profiles of PQ in humans did not show an effect of metabolic recycling.

Conclusions:
Microbial NTRs and hepatic P450/FMO enzymes contributed to the reduction metabolism of PQ Noxide
metabolites. The reduction metabolism by intestinal microflora did not affect PQ clearance, and the medical
warning in patients with NTRs-related disease (e.g., hyperlipidemia) will not be clinically meaningful.
Design, Synthesis and Anticancer Evaluation of New 1-allyl-4-oxo-6-(3,4,5-
trimethoxyphenyl)-1,4-dihydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile Bearing Pyrazole
Moieties
Authors: Osman Nermine A. , EL-Sayed Nermine S. , Abdel Fattah Hanan A. , Almalki Ahmad J. , Kammoun Ahmed K. , Ibrahim Tarek S. , Alharbi Abdulrahman S. , AL-Mahmoudy Amany M. 
Published: March 2023

Aim:
pyrimidine and pyrazole have various biological and pharmaceutical applications
such as antibacterial, antifungal, antileishmanial, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and anti-cancer.

Introduction:
In this search, the goal is to prepare pyrimidine-pyrazoles and study their anticancer
activity.

Methods:
1-allyl-4-oxo-6-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-1,4-dihydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile bearing pyrazoles (4,6-8) have been synthesized. Firstly, the reaction of 1-allyl-2-(methylthio)-4-oxo-6-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-1,4-dihydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile (1) with chalcones 2a-b produced the intermediates 3a-b. The latter was reacted with hydrazine hydrate to give the targets 4a-b. On the other hand, hydrazinolysis of compound 1 yielded the hydrazino derivative 5 which upon reac-tion with chalcones 2c-i or 1,3-bicarbonyl compounds afforded the compounds 6-8. Finally, the new compounds were characterized by spectral data (IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR) and elemental analysis. Moreover, they were evaluated for Panc-1, MCF-7, HT-29, A-549, and HPDE cell lines as anti-cancer activity.

Results:
All the tested compounds 3,4,6-8 showed IC50 values > 50 μg/mL against the HPDE cell line. Compounds 6a and 6e exhibited potent anticancer activity where the IC50 values in the range of 1.7-1.9, 1.4-182, 1.75-1.8, and 1.5-1.9 μg/mL against Panc-1, MCF-7, HT-29, and A-549 cell lines.

Conclusion:
New pyrimidine-pyrazole derivatives were simply synthesized, in addition, some of them showed potential anticancer activity.
Early Triage of Critically Ill Adult Patients With Mushroom Poisoning: Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Liu Yuxuan , Lyu Xiaoguang , Yang Bo , Fang Zhixiang , Hu Dejun , Shi Lei , Wu Bisheng , Tian Yong , Zhang Enli , Yang YuanChao 
Published: March 2023

Background
Early triage of patients with mushroom poisoning is essential for administering precise treatment and reducing mortality. To our knowledge, there has been no established method to triage patients with mushroom poisoning based on clinical data.

Objective
The purpose of this work was to construct a triage system to identify patients with mushroom poisoning based on clinical indicators using several machine learning approaches and to assess the prediction accuracy of these strategies.

Methods
In all, 567 patients were collected from 5 primary care hospitals and facilities in Enshi, Hubei Province, China, and divided into 2 groups; 322 patients from 2 hospitals were used as the training cohort, and 245 patients from 3 hospitals were used as the test cohort. Four machine learning algorithms were used to construct the triage model for patients with mushroom poisoning. Performance was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), decision curve, sensitivity, specificity, and other representative statistics. Feature contributions were evaluated using Shapley additive explanations.

Results
Among several machine learning algorithms, extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) showed the best discriminative ability in 5-fold cross-validation (AUC=0.83, 95% CI 0.77-0.90) and the test set (AUC=0.90, 95% CI 0.83-0.96). In the test set, the XGBoost model had a sensitivity of 0.93 (95% CI 0.81-0.99) and a specificity of 0.79 (95% CI 0.73-0.85), whereas the physicians’ assessment had a sensitivity of 0.86 (95% CI 0.72-0.95) and a specificity of 0.66 (95% CI 0.59-0.73).

Conclusions
The 14-factor XGBoost model for the early triage of mushroom poisoning can rapidly and accurately identify critically ill patients and will possibly serve as an important basis for the selection of treatment options and referral of patients, potentially reducing patient mortality and improving clinical outcomes.
The spine and carina as a surrogate for target registration in cone-beam CT imaging verification in locally advanced lung cancer radiotherapy
Authors: But-Hadzic Jasna , Strljic Karmen , Zager Marcius Valerija 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
The aim of the study was to evaluate the accuracy of volumetric lung image guidance using the spine or carina as a surrogate to target for image registration, as the best approach is not established.

Patients and methods
Cone beam computed tomography images from the 1st, 10th, 15th, and 20th fraction in 40 lung cancer patients treated with radical radiotherapy were retrospectively registered to planning CT, using three approaches. The spine and carina alignment set-up deviations from a reference (tumour/lymph nodes) registration in the lateral (LAT), longitudinal (LONG) and vertical (VRT) directions were analysed and compared. Tumour location and nodal stage influence on registration accuracy were explored.

Results
The spine and carina mean set-up deviation from reference were largest in the LONG, with the best match in the VRT and LAT, respectively. Both strategies were more accurate in central tumours, with the carina being more precise in 50% LAT and 66% LONG mean deviations. For all measurements in all patients a carina vs. spine registration comparison showed improved carina accuracy in LAT and LONG. In comparative subgroup analysis the carina was superior compared to spine in LAT and LONG in centrally located tumours, N2 and N3. Both strategies were comparable for peripheral tumours and N0.

Conclusions
Carina registration shows greater accuracy compared to spine in the LAT and LONG directions and is superior in central tumours, N2 and N3. The spine and carina surrogates are equally accurate for peripheral tumours and N0. We propose the carina as a surrogate to target for CBCT image registration in locally advanced lung cancer.
Temporal variation in the peregrine falcons (Falco peregrinus) diet after the extinction of the original population and the emergence of a new population in Slovakia
Authors: Obuch Ján , Chavko Jozef 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We made an analysis of the osteological remains of prey that had been captured by the peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) and was collected from eyries perched high in rocky cliffs of Slovakia. Birds dominated the 7,233 vertebrates identified (class Aves, with minimum of 98 species and 97.2% of the total). Bones from mammals (class Mammalia, 24 species, 2.5%) were rarely found, and sporadic remains from lower vertebrate species (classes Amphibia, Reptilia, Pisces, 0.3%) were also noted. The collected specimens were divided over three distinct periods. Before domestic pigeons became a major component in the juvenile peregrine falcon diet (Period A), wild pigeons and doves were the most common prey; specifically stock doves (Columba oenas) caught at lower elevations, and wood pigeons (Columba palumbus) in mountainous areas. The Eurasian woodcock (Scolopax rusticola) was a frequent prey . The diversity of peregrine falcon diet reached its maximum between the 1930s and the 1950s (Period B), with the domestic pigeon (Columba livia domestica) present in the diet at a similar abundance (16.1%) to wild pigeons and doves. The peregrine falcon population tailed off in the 1960s as pesticides became more commonly used in agriculture. A new population started expanding from Western Europe during the 1990s and has stabilised at around 150 breeding pairs in recent years. Since the turn of the millennium (Period C), domestic pigeons have become the dominant prey (51.1%) along with smaller songbirds such as hawfinches (Coccothraustes coccothraustes) and common starlings (Sturnus vulgaris), at 15.5% and 14.6% of total osteological remains collected, respectively.
The effectiveness of fermented rapeseed cake on the milk yield of cows
Authors: Медведев И.К. , Буряков Н.П. , Менберг И.В. , Жевнеров А.В. 
Published: March 2023

Исследования по использованию кормовой добавки на основе ферментированного рапсового шрота проводили на предприятии ООО «Дельта Ф» в Московской области. Цель эксперимента заключалась в оценке влияния разного уровня ввода ферментированного рапсового шрота на показатели молочной продуктивности и биохимические показатели крови. Для проведения эксперимента были сформированы три группы коров второго периода сухостоя по методу пар-аналогов по 15 голов в каждой. Опыт начинали за 14 суток до отёла. В течение 4 недель коров опытных групп приучали к потреблению рационов с ферментированным рапсовым шротом с постепенным увеличением его уровня в рационе до 1,25 кг (1-я опытная группа) и до 2,5 кг (2-я опытная группа) на голову в сутки к 14-му дню лактации. В качестве инструмента управления количеством протеина в рационе и достижения оптимального соотношения сырого, переваримого, расщепляемого и нерасщепляемого протеина применяли полипептидный комплекс «КаноЛак»®, полученный методом твёрдофазной ферментации. Данный продукт относится к добавкам на основе ферментированного рапсового шрота. В ходе эксперимента было установлено, что частичная замена рапсового на ферментированный рапсовый шрот способствовала улучшению протеиновой питательности рациона, а также положительно влияла на показатели молочной продуктивности. Животные 1-й опытной группы имели более высокие показатели удоя, массовой доли жира и белка в молоке, что способствовало увеличению валового выхода молочного белка и жира. Анализ биохимических показателей крови подтвердил тот факт, что рациональное введение ферментированного рапсового шрота в рацион лактирующих коров положительно влияет на обмен веществ и здоровье животных
A feed additive based on a fermented rapeseed cake was tested at the OOO “Delta F” in the Moscow region. The aim was to find the correlations among different concentrations of the fermented rapeseed cake, cow milk productivity and blood biochemistry. Three analogue groups of cows were formed consisted of 15 heads each of the second dry period. The experiment began 14 days before calving. For 4 weeks cows consumed the fermented rapeseed cake under the gradual increase of its concentration up to 1.25 kg (1st group) and 2.5 kg (2nd group) per head daily by the 14th day of lactation. The “KanoLak”® polypeptide complex produced via solid fermentation was used to control protein concentration and balance the proportions of crude, digestible and non-digestible proteins in the diet. This product belonged to the additives based on the fermented rapeseed cake. Partial substitution of the rapeseed cake by the fermented one improved the protein availability in the diet and positively affected milk production. Cows of the 1st group had higher milk productivity, milk fat mass fraction and protein content increasing the gross yields of milk protein and fat. Blood biochemistry indicated the positive impact of the rational introduction of the fermented rapeseed cake into the diet of the lactating cows on their metabolism and health.
MON CERVEAU MAIS NOS SOUVENIRS?
Authors: Gfeller Selina 
Published: March 2023

This Cortica journal club has mini-reviewed the engram theory and systems consolidation hypothesis, which are both contributing to an understanding of how memories are made on a neuropsychological level. Yet, to answer the question what individual memories contain, it is essential to take into account the social context. Various studies have shown that social networks are a driving force in determining the content of memories. Certain researchers even argue that individual as well as collective memories are entirely socially constructed. Contemplating this claim is not easy. Even though every human being has their own brain, their own biological and chemical machine, generating and storing memories, it might be that there is very little “my own” in the content we remember. In sum, memory is the bridge between the present and islands of the past. It selectively keeps parts of the past alive, which shape human beings as individuals but also as collectives. This essay reviews and connects neuropsychological and societal mechanisms and influences in the process of learning and memory.
Essay on the classification of individual projects in modern composition
Authors: Амрахова А.А. 
Published: March 2023

Цель настоящей статьи — показать, как когнитивные структуры влияют на формообразование в творчестве современных композиторов. В качестве методологической основы выступает процедурная замена следующего рода: это не поиск аналогии между произведением и типологическим образцом, а нахождение в тексте смысловых «отсветов» той или иной разновидности когнитивной модели, ментальной схемы, лежащей в основе композиции. Дальнейший путь интерпретации пролегает от когнитивной структуры к характеристике не текста, а дискурса. Эта процедура может дать дополнительные параметры в характеристике стиля того или иного автора, потому что ментальные структуры, такие как пропозиции, фреймы и образ-схемы, влияют на выбор композиционной модели; вернее, те или иные формы имеют привязку к определенным моделям. Ментальные схемы в сочинениях Губайдулиной, Шаррино, Лахенмана будут проанализированы как своего рода интерфейс между смыслом и формой.
The aim of this paper is to show how cognitive structures influence the process of form-buildingin the work of contemporary composers. The proposed methodological basis consists in a procedural substitution of the following sort: it is the finding of sensual “reflections” of various cognitive models, mental schemes underlying the composition, in the text rather than the search for analogies between an artwork and its typological sample. A further path of the interpretation runs from the cognitive structure to the characteristic of the discourse rather than that of the text. Such a procedure may provide additional parameters in characterizing a particular author’s style, because such mental structures as propositions, frames and image schemes influence the choice of a compositional model; or rather, certain formal structures tend to be attached to certain models. Mental schemes in artworks of Sofia Gubaidulina, Salvatore Sciarrino, Helmut Lachenmann will be analyzed as a kind of interface between their sensual and formal structures.
Blaise Cendrars et Yvan Goll anthologues
Authors: Denogent Jehanne 
Published: March 2023

En 1921 et 1922, Blaise Cendrars et Yvan Goll publient chacun une anthologie, qui intègre des récits ou des chants d’origine africaine transcrits et traduits en français : l’Anthologie nègre et Les Cinq Continents. Anthologie mondiale de poésie contemporaine. Puisant dans des corpus des recueils ethnologiques, leur projet a toutefois une visée littéraire. Cette chronologie rapprochée invite à lire les deux volumes en dialogue et à voir dans cet intérêt littéraire de la part des avant-gardes francophones pour des textes africains un appel à une littérature mondiale et un événement inaugural pour la réception de la littérature africaine en France, à l’origine d’un « modèle nègre ». Cet article décrira d’abord le succès de la forme anthologique parmi les avant-gardes historiques, avant de porter son attention sur les anthologies publiées par Yvan Goll et Blaise Cendrars, afin d’en déplier les enjeux spécifiques.
nouvelle somme de poésie du monde noir : « Signe que la Négritude continue ? »
Authors: Heiniger Sebastien 
Published: March 2023

En 1966, à l’occasion du Festival mondial des arts nègres de Dakar, la revue Présence Africaine publie son 57e numéro qui rassemble 144 poètes et 393 poèmes. Ouvrage collectif, la Nouvelle somme de poésie du monde noir est une anthologie plurilingue, rassemblant des poèmes écrits dans cinq langues différentes (français, anglais, portugais, espagnol et néerlandais). L’auteur ressaisit les intentions des anthologistes (Léon-Gontran Damas, Lamine Diakhaté, Abiola Irele et Virgílio de Lemos) et leurs conceptions de la « poésie du monde noir » à partir de l’appareil d’accompagnement et de l’organisation de la Nouvelle somme. Se manifeste une volonté de donner corps tant à une littérature (« la poésie du monde noir »), qu’à une communauté imaginée (« le monde noir »). Il indique ensuite les enjeux sous-jacents au projet de rassembler la poésie d’une nouvelle génération d’écrivains à l’occasion du Festival mondial des arts nègres et la tentative menée par Damas d’affilier la nouvelle génération de poètes à la Négritude.
Growing Community Sustenance: The Social Economy as a Route to Indigenous Food Sovereignty
Authors: Sumner Jennifer , McMurtry JJ , Tarhan Derya 
Published: March 2023

While the social economy can achieve many positive outcomes, one recent benefit is that it can be a route to Indigenous food sovereignty—a restorative framework for feeding communities and engaging in decolonization. This article examines how some Indigenous groups in Canada use the social economy to build food sovereignty, beginning with an overview of cultural relationships with food, its place in an Indigenous worldview, and the effect of colonization on Indigenous foodways. After introducing food sovereignty, and in particular Indigenous food sovereignty, it focuses on how some Indigenous communities are using the social economy to build food sovereignty, using the example of the Northern Manitoba Food, Culture, and Community Collaborative. The article concludes with a discussion of the importance of community and food sovereignty, not only for Indigenous Peoples but also for the social economy itself.
HUBUNGAN KECUKUPAN GIZI TERHADAP TUMBUH KEMBANG ANAK USIA PRA SEKOLAH DI DESA BONEA TIMUR WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS BARUGAIA KECAMATAN BONTOMANAI KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN SELAYAR
Authors: St hasriani St hasriani , Pratiwi Wilda Rezki , Utami Idha 
Published: March 2023

Gizi merupakan faktor yang sangat penting bagi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan. Gizi yang seimbang perlu manjadi perhatian bagi setiap orang tua terutama ibu karena jika gizi yang masuk dalam tubuh anak tidak seimbang akan menyebabkan berbagai masalah kesehatan. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif asosiatif dengan menggunakan desain korelasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya hubungan antar variabel yang diteliti yaitu hubungan antara variabel kecukupan gizi anak terhadap tumbuh kembang anak pada usia prasekolah di Desa Bonea Timur, Kecamatan Bontomanai, Kabupaten Kepulauan Selayar kemudian di uji dengan menggunakan Uji Chi Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 30 responden anak usia 48-72 bulan didapatkan nilai X2 hitung = 26,16 ≥ X2 tabel 18,31 yang dapat diartikan bahwa ada hubungan antara kecukupan gizi dengan tumbuh kembang pada anak usia prasekolah di Desa Bonea Timur, Kecamatan Bontomanai.

Kata Kunci : Kecukupan Gizi, Tumbuh Kembang, Anak Usia Pra Sekolah