bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of early clinical progression of cerebral venous thrombosis: A multicenter retrospective clinical study
Authors: Li Haiyan , Wu Haotian , Zhang Lei , Zhou Li , Deng Chengsong , Ye Fei , Yang Weijie , Lu Zhengqi , Wang Qiujing 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Anti-coagulation is the mainstay treatment for cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). A subset of patients might deteriorate despite anti-coagulation. Studies exploring the predictive performance of major risk factors associated with clinical progression (CP) are insufficient in CVT. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of cerebrospinal fluid/serum albumin ratio (CAR) and other clinical parameters for CP and to guide endovascular therapy in the future for CVT patients.
Methods: A retrospective review was performed from four medical centers between October 2012 and April 2021. The primary outcome was CP. The multiple logistic regression modeling, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were applied to determine the predictive value for deterioration.
Results: We enrolled 123 patients with CVT. 108 (87.8%) were treated with anti-coagulation treatment, 31(25.20%) of whom underwent endovascular treatment. 36(29.27%) were found to have deterioration. The CAR was related to CVT severity, occurrence of progression and modified Rankin Scale score at discharge. The most important risk factors of deterioration in univariate analysis, included decreased level of consciousness, papilledema, epileptic seizure, infection, location score (number of sinuses involved) , D-dimer, and CAR. The multivariate logistic regression analysis included decreased level of consciousness, papilledema, location score (number of sinuses involved), D-dimer, and CAR. This model had a predictive ability to identify deterioration of 91.7%(AUC), with a sensitivity of 79.1% and a specificity of 62.4% in the ROC curve analysis. which was the largest of all predictive value. Patients with a CVT score of ≥6 have at least 80% chance of deterioration.
Conclusions: Decreased level of consciousness, papilledema, number of involved sinuses, D-dimer, as well as CAR are important influence factors in predicting deterioration after CVT. CVT patients with the above clinical features may benefit from early endovascular therapy.
Primary adenosquamous carcinoma of the duodenum: a rare case report with review of literature
Authors: Zhang He-wei , Song Hong-liang , Yu Hai-bo , Ma Zhong-wu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Adenosquamous carcinoma of the duodenum is a malignant tumor consisting of adenocarcinoma and components of squamous cell carcinoma, which is extremely rare. There are very few available case reports, and its clinicopathological features and treatment strategies remain difficult to elucidate. We describe a patient diagnosed with adenosquamous carcinoma of the duodenum and perform a literature review of reported cases. A 55-year-old male patient presented with a history of jaundice and fever with pruritus and clay-colored stools. Preoperative investigations suggested an elevation of transaminase, bilirubin, and tumor markers. Enhanced MRI of the abdomen suggested a mass in the descending portion of duodenum and a mass was visible in the pancreatic region, with no distant metastases. Endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract revealed an infiltrative growth mass invading the duodenal papilla in the descending part of the duodenum. The patient underwent Whipple procedure. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examination confirmed adenosquamous carcinoma of the duodenum. Although R0 resection was performed, the cancer developed hepatic metastases 2 months after surgery and the patient died 4 months after surgery.
Monitoring Spatiotemporal Changes of Urban Surface Water Based on Satellite Imagery and Google Earth Engine Platform in Dhaka City From 1990-2021
Authors: Hossain Md. Jakir , Mahmud Md. Munir , Islam Sheikh Tawhidul 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
This research focuses on monitoring the spatiotemporal changes of urban surface water in Dhaka City from 1990 to 2021, utilizing satellite imagery and the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform. Surface water is essential for urban, environmental, and agricultural ecosystems, and its dynamics have significant implications for water resource planning and environmental management.
Objectives
The main objectives of this study are to assess the extent of urban surface water coverage over the last three decades and identify trends of water loss or gain in the study area.
Methods
The study employs Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS imagery, integrating GEE with machine learning coding and WRI techniques to extract and analyze surface water data efficiently. Traditional remote sensing methods for dynamic monitoring are time-consuming and cumbersome, but GEE offers a user-friendly and accurate approach, providing easy access to satellite data and cloud-based processing.
Results
The results reveal a concerning trend in urban surface water coverage, indicating a significant reduction from 36.23 km² in 1990 to 5.83 km² in 2021, representing a loss of approximately 20 square kilometers or 45 percent of surface water over the last three decades.
Conclusions
The decline is attributed to factors such as unplanned urban expansion, rapid real estate development, and increased industrial and economic activities in the study area. The developed algorithms utilizing GEE offer valuable insights into the maximum and minimum extent of surface water, enabling effective surface water planning and management. These findings contribute to sustainable water resource management and environmental preservation in Dhaka City.
Volumetric measurement of cerebral white matter hyperintensities on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) magnetic resonance images using artificial intelligence
Authors: Kuwabara Masashi , Ikawa Fusao , Nakazawa Shinji , Koshino Saori , Ishii Daizo , Kondo Hiroshi , Hara Takeshi , Maeda Yuyo , Sato Ryo , Kaneko Taiki , Maeyama Shiyuki , Shimahara Yuki , Horie Nobutaka 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to develop a new artificial intelligence software that can automatically extract and measure the volume of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) in head magnetic resonance (MR) images using only non-thin slice fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences. We enrolled 1,092 subjects in Japan comprising this non-thin slice Private Dataset. Based on 207 randomly selected subjects, neuroradiologists annotated WMHs using predefined guidelines. The annotated subjects were divided into training (n = 138) and test (n = 69) datasets. The WMH segmentation model, consisting of a U-Net ensemble, was trained using the Private Dataset. For validation, two other models were trained using either both thin and non-thin slice MRI datasets or only the thin slice dataset. The voxel-wise Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) was used as the evaluation metric. The model trained using only non-thin slice MRI showed a DSC of 0.820 for the test dataset, which is comparable to the accuracy of human readers. The model trained using additionally the thin-slice dataset showed an only slightly improved DSC of 0.822. This automatic WMH segmentation model consisting of a U-Net ensemble trained on a non-thin slice FLAIR MRI dataset is a promising new method. Despite some limitations, this model may be applicable in clinical practice.
Introducing a Novel Method for Computing High-Compression Pressure of Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Srivast Abhay P , Pandey Brijesh K. , Gupta A. K. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Research has thoroughly examined how individual carbon nanotubes and bundles behave when compressed, using various equations of state such as Murnaghan, Kholiya, and Usual-Tait. A new equation based on the third-order inverse exponential potential function was also utilized. Results showed that the Kholiya equation did not accurately explain the compression behavior of the nanotubes, while the Murnaghan and Usual-Tait equations provided better results. However, the newly developed equation of state agreed with the experimental data. These findings suggest that using more precise approximations for compression can lead to more accurate results for equations of shape at higher compression levels.
How does Inner Perfume affect women's quality of life?
Authors: Son Younsun , Kwon Ki Han 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Inner Perfume is related to preference, purchase propensity, and reason for use in improving women's quality of life. The purpose of this study is to determine how inner perfumes affect women's quality of life.
Methods
A total of 507 women in their 20s to 40s who agreed with the purpose of this study and voluntarily expressed their intention to participate were analyzed at a 5% significance level using SPSS Win v25.0 through an online survey. To test the validity and reliability of awareness, purchase propensity, and preference, exploratory factor analysis was conducted and Cronbach's ⍺ was calculated.
Results
The reason why women use inner perfume was found to be after recognizing the smell of the Y zone before and after menstruation to hide unpleasant smells, and it was generally positive that the average of inner perfume and preference among respondents was 3.65 (± 0.72) and 3.55 (± 0.65). The important factors considered when purchasing Inner Perfume were high in the order of quality, brand, price, and advertisement.
Conclusions
It was found that quality was considered the most among purchase propensity of inner perfume. Awareness was found to have the most impact on brand among the four factors of purchasing propensity, and preference was found to be affected by quality and advertisement. Most of the respondents use inner perfume to hide the clean feeling and unpleasant smell of Y-zone, and the inner perfume has a positive effect on women's quality of life.
Sampling designs for bark stripping caused by red deer (Cervus elaphus L.): Simulation studies based on nine fully censused stands
Authors: Hahn Christoph , Vospernik Sonja 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Precise assessment of bark stripping damage is of high economic importance, since bark stripping makes wood unusable for saw timber and it is the basis for compensation payments for game damage. Bark stripping is clustered and more frequently observed on small trees, so that standard forest inventories optimized for volume or volume increment are unlikely to be optimal.
In this study we analysed different sampling designs (random sampling, systematic sampling), sampling intensities, tree selection methods (fixed radius plot, angle count sampling) and number of plots and plot sizes (plot radius: 2-20 m; basal area factor: 1-6m²/ha) for bark stripping assessment. The analysis is based on simulation studies in 9 fully censused stands (9026 trees). Simulations were done for actually assessed damage and randomly distributed damage and each scenario was repeated100 times with different random points or different random grid locations.
Systematic sampling was considerably more precise than random sampling. Sampling intensities to attain a standard error of 10 % ranged between 12 and 18 % dependent on the plot size. For a given sampling intensity, precision increases with decreasing plot size or increasing basal area factor. This implies, however, that numerous plots need to be measured, which is unlikely to be the cheapest alternative, when travel costs are high. Differences between tree selection by fixed radius plots or angle count sampling were minor. For sampling bark stripping we recommend fixed radius plots with a radius of 4-6 m and a sampling intensity of 10-15 %.
On Generalized Class of Appell-Type ChangheePolynomials
Authors:   Khaled Aldwoah1, Muhyi Abdulghani , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

In this article, we aim to present a new interesting generalization of the Changhee polynomials, namely, the 2-variable generalized Appell-type λ-Changhee polynomials. The generating function and some significant results for these polynomials are established. Certain related properties and identities are also investigated. Further, we use Mathematica to discuss the zero distributions of certain members of the 2-variable generalized Appell-type λ-Changhee family.
AMS Subject Classification: Primary 05A10; 05A15; 33C47secondary 11B83
A New Circuit‑Level Leakage Power Reduction Technique of Static Logic Gates for Analog to Digital Converter in CMOS Technology using Virtuoso
Authors: Banu Sufia , Gupta Shweta 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The total power in a device is composed of three basic components, having dynamic power due to switching activity, static power while the device in sleep mode and short circuit power while a short amount of current flows from power supply rail (VDD) to ground terminal (GND). The dynamic power component in a CMOS circuit is dominating at lower technology nodes. With scaling, having lesser than 65nm regime the leakage power increases than dynamic power that becomes challenging for the VLSI design engineers. This paper describes a new circuit level leakage power reduction technique called as Input Leakage Controlled Stack Transistor-ILCST for CMOS circuits at circuit level that is been used in 4-bit flash Analog to Digital Converter applicable for deep brain neurostimulator. Analog to Digital Converters (ADC) are crucial for transforming analogue signals from the real world into digital data in the form of 0 and 1. Flash is the most popular ADC owing to its fast speed nature. In this study, a 4-bit flash ADC with a, sample and hold (S/H), comparators and a priority encoder are designed and simulated. To perform sampling process, the sample and hold circuit is utilized. An encoder is a necessary component of a Flash ADC. It converts the comparator output-generated thermometer code (TC) into binary code (BC). The speed, area, and power must all be taken into account while designing the flash analogue to digital converter. Work is implemented using 45nm technology node and carried the simulations in Cadence Virtuoso tool. The static power is reduced significantly using the proposed technique.
Trend in extreme climates across southwestern Ghana and the implications for natural resources development
Authors: Tannor Salamatu J. , Tischbein Bernhard , Greve Klaus , Borgemeister Christian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe use of reanalysis data as pseudo observational data to analyze extreme climate events is cautioned for inconsistencies for which complimenting climate hazard analysis using observed data is imperative especially in rural West Africa where the impact is severe. Beside the effects of changing climate, is the impacts of resource extractivism that dominate rural landscapes of countries within the Mossi-Baule domain. Using available observational hydroclimatic data, the study examines the spatio-temporal trend in climate extremes and the implications for natural resources managers within southwestern Ghana. The results confirm decreasing trend in number of near normal wet years compared to extreme wet and dry years as well as significant changes in extreme rainfall and temperature across the forest zones of Ghana. Stations located in miningscapes such as Sefwi (Moist semideciduous forest) and Axim (Evergreen forest) had the highest number of dry rainfall years, and the lowest number of wet rainfall years. Similarly, extreme events such as percentage warm nights and days are significantly increasing whereas cool days and cool nights are significantly decreasing across the entire southwestern Ghana. The implications for sustainable mining can be severe including operational aspects such as infrastructural and production systems, sustainability best practices coupled with regulatory consequences. Rural livelihood resources and biodiversity are double burden by the effects of changing climate and extractive activities just as the hydrologic regime of transboundary river basins within southwestern Ghana. Emphasis for watershed approach to climate change adaptation within miningscapes is vital as illustrated in the study.
OGD-pretreated astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles attenuates intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)-induced BBB disruption through miR-27a-3p /ARHGAP25 /Wnt/β- catenin axis
Authors: Hou Ying , Xie Ye , Liu Xiaoxuan , Chen Yushan , Zhou Fangfang , Yang Binbin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Breakdown of blood brain barrier (BBB) is one of the key mechanisms of brain injury following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Astrocytes interact with endothelial and contribute to the regulation of neurovascular coupling via paracrine signaling factors. Increasing number of studies now point to astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles (ADEVs) as an important way of intercellular information communication. However, the role of ADEVs in the regulation of the BBB integrity after ICH remains unclear.
Methods
EVs were obtained from astrocytes with or without oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) pre-stimulation and the role of ADEVs in ICH was investigated ICH rat model and ICH cell model. The potential regulatory effect of ADEVs on endothelial barrier integrity was identified by TEER, western blot and immunofluorescence in vitro. In vivo, functional evaluation, Evans-blue leakage and tight junction proteins (TJPs) expression were analyzed. MiRNA sequencing revealed that microRNA-27a-3p (miR-27a-3p) was differentially expressed miRNA in the extracellular vesicles (EVs) from OGD-pretreated astrocytes, compared with normal control. The regulatory mechanism of miR-27a-3p was assessed using Luciferase assay, RT-PCR, western blot and immunofluorescence.
Results
OGD-activated astrocytes reduced hemin-induced endothelial hyper-permeability through secreting EVs. OGD-activated ADEVs alleviated BBB dysfunction after ICH in vivo and in vitro. MicroRNA microarray analysis indicated that miR-27a-3p is a major component that was highly expressed miRNA in OGD pretreated-ADEVs. OGD-ADEVs mitigated BBB injury through transferring miR-27a-3p into bEnd.3 cells and regulating ARHGAP25/Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
Conclusion
Taken together, these findings firstly reveal that EVs from OGD pre-stimulated astrocytes improve functional recovery through counteracting BBB injury by regulating endothelial ARHGAP25/Wnt/β-catenin axis after ICH. EVs released from hypoxia astrocytes might be a novel strategy for the targeting treatment of ICH.
Inherited Corporate Control and Inequality: Evidence from the COVID Crisis
Authors: Bordeerath Bordin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper examines wealth inequality during the COVID crisis. Measuring inequality by comparing billionaires’ wealth with equity markets, I find that the COVID crisis causes inequality to grow more rapidly by 23.6 ppt and even more in low-income countries where heir billionaires’ wealth surges faster than founder billionaires’ wealth by 18.0 ppt. Moreover, such increase in inequality from heir billionaires is higher in countries with weaker financial institutions. If heir billionaires are more adept at rent seeking than founder billionaires because family connections can be inherited more reliably than entrepreneurial talent, this paper raises the plausibility that crises give rise to rent seekers in countries with weak financial institutions.
JEL classification: G20, G30, O10
Early versus Delayed CT-guided Celiac Plexus Neurolysis for Palliative Pain Management in Patients with Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: a Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Lu Fan , Tian Jie , Li XueHan , Yin Lin , Wang RuRong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Abdominal and back pain is the most frequent symptom in patients with pancreatic cancer, with pain management being extremely challenging. This study aimed to evaluate pain control, opioid consumption, pain-interfered quality of life, and survival after early and delayed computed tomography (CT)-guided celiac plexus neurolysis (CPN).
Methods: A retrospective analysis of pancreatic cancer patients receiving CPN for pain (n = 56) between June 2018 and June 2021 was done. The patients were grouped as early group (n = 22) and delayed group (n = 34) on the basis of the presence of persistent refractory pain according to Expert Consensus on Refractory Cancer Pain.
Results: Both groups were comparable in demographic characteristics and baseline pain conditions measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (5.77 ± 1.23 vs. 6.27 ± 1.21; p = 0.141). The pain scores were significantly reduced in both groups; early CPN resulted in significantly lower scores from 3 to 5 months. The opioid consumption gradually decreased to a minimum at 2 weeks but increased at 1 month (35.56 ± 30.14 mg and 50.48 ± 47.90 mg, respectively); significantly larger consumption from 2 to 4 months was seen in the delayed group. The total pain interference was lower than baseline in all patients, with significant improvement after early CPN in sleep, appetite, enjoyment of life, and mood. The average survival time of the two groups was comparable.
Conclusions: Early application of CT-guided CPN for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer may help reduce pain exacerbation and opioids consumption, without influencing the survival.
Effect of hepatitis B virus on semen quality: a systematic review and meta- analysis
Authors: Xu Yuting , Gan Kai , Hou Liqing , Wang Huawei , Mo Hui , Liu Liu , Wen Wen , Rao Meng , Tang Li 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Some studies have suggested that hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection adversely affects semen quality, but the conclusions have been inconsistent. The purpose of our study was to systematically assess the effect of HBV infection on semen parameters.
Methods
We searched electronic databases for studies published from January 1980 to November 2022. Eleven studies were included in the analysis. Primary outcomes were semen volume, sperm concentration, sperm morphology, sperm motility and sperm progressive motility. We also conducted a subgroup analysis between China and other countries.
Result
Compared with the semen quality of HBV-negative men, HBV infection had an adverse effect on semen volume (MD: −0.20 mL, 95%CI: −0.32 to − 0.09, P = 0.0004), sperm concentration (MD: −4.46×106/mL, 95%CI: −7.09 to − 1.84, P = 0.0009), sperm morphology (MD: −2.49%, 95%CI: −4.35 to − 0.64, P = 0.008), sperm motility (MD: −6.85%, 95%CI: −11.53 to − 2.18, P = 0.004), and sperm progressive motility (MD: −6.63%, 95%CI: −10.24 to − 3.02, P = 0.0003). However, HBV infection did not significantly affect total sperm count (MD: −31.50×106, 95%CI: −74.11 to 11.10, P = 0.15). The effects of HBV on semen quality were inconsistent between the subgroups.
Conclusion
HBV infection adversely affected sperm concentration, motility, morphology, and semen volume. However, the effects on total sperm count remain unclear. Due to the significant heterogeneity among studies on some semen parameters, further researches are needed to clarify the effect of HBV infection on semen quality and male fertility.