bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and Characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa 16S rRNA Gene Isolated from Contaminated Soil With Oil Residues
Authors: Hussein Zainab T. , Mukhlif Suaad S. , Taha Mohammed , Ali Suha Abduhakeem 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPseudomonas aeruginosawas isolated from fifty soil samples were collected from different sites of contaminated soil with oil residues in Ministry of science& technology. Morphological, biochemical tests and16S rRNAgenes sequencing was performed for bacterial isolates identification. Thirty (30) isolates ofP. aeruginosabacteria were confirmed according to morphological, biochemical tests. For molecular analysis, all isolates that tested positive for P. aeruginosa underwent amplification of the 16S rRNA gene using previously described primers that amplified a particular DNA fragment of 956 bp. PCR product was delivered to Macrogen Corporation - Korea for Sanger sequencing utilizing an automated DNA sequencer called the ABI3730XL. The results were emailed to us, and we used geneious software to analyze them. The investigation of phylogenetic relationships between different strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa has frequently been conducted on the sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene region, which is a viable technique for species identification. To determine the degree of genetic similarity between the organisms, a distance tree was built. Consequently, gene sequencing of the 16S rRNA region was an appropriate method for isolating isolates at the molecular level. The a novel local strain ofPs. aeruginosawhich isolated from contaminated soil with oil residues samples (MSZ. IRQ20) and we will registration of isolate in GenBank under accession number of MT832126.1. Distance Tree Using Blast Tool in the Geneious software.
Environmental Toxicological Effect of Random Using of Acetamiprid Pesticide on Common Carp Fish in Tigris River
Authors: Sarhan Sarhan Rashid 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Agricultural production of high yielding varieties requires the freely use of pesticides and fertilizers, in order to protect crops from pests. Thus, it helps in improving the quality and quantity of crops. The aquatic environment is polluted through the use of pesticides, which poses serious health risks to the aquatic ecosystem as well as to humans. This exposure can directly affect the biological regulation, including primary producers, microorganisms, invertebrates or fish. Two hundred samples of carp fish found on the Tigris River have been collected for this study. The study included three sites on the river (Al-Suwaira - Al-Battar - Al-Kut dam) with the help of a local fisherman. Therefore, the goal of the study was to ascertain how the acetamiprid affected the blood images of common carp fish exposed to it in the affected aquatic environment, particularly red blood cells and hemoglobin. In addition to the effect of acetamiprid on antioxidant (CAT, SOD, GPX) enzymes. The collected fish were divided into two groups 150 fish exposed to the pesticide and 50 those are not exposed. The results showed a significant decreasing in hemoglobin concentration and RBC account. Pesticide-exposed fish showed lower enzyme levels than fish that weren’t exposed to them. We come to the conclusion that the pesticides employed by farmers are harmful to the aquatic environment, have a negative impact on several important biological systems as well as the organ functions in the fish’s body.
Combined Efficacy of Lawsonia inermis and Myrtus communis Extract as a Potential Factor in Bacterial Treatment to Hospital Wastewater, Iraq
Authors: Edan Dhay J. , Muhammad-Ali Munther Abduljaleel , Jaafar Raghad Shubbar 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The current study aimed to use biological treatment using plant extracts; extracted from some locally available plants: Lawsonia inermis (Henna), and Myrtus communis (Yass), against pathogenic bacteria isolated from heavy water in hospitals that do not have treatment plants. The two studied plants were extracted using two different solvents (water and alcohol). Diagnosis of these extracted using Gas chromatography (GC-MS) showed that the alcoholic extraction led to a higher percentage of effective phenolic compounds than the aqueous extract. Sewage water was used to isolate bacteria and according to the morphological, and biochemical, confirmed by using the vitke II instrument; six types of pathogenic bacteria were identified (Staphylococcus lentus, Staphylococcus xylosus Sphingomonas paucimobilis, Escherichia coli, klebsiella oxytoca, Serratia ficaria). The two Alcoholic plant extracted showed excellent antibacterial activity against all pathogenic bacteria than the water extracted as revealed by the diameter of the inhibition zone.
The Effect of the Treated Wastewater on the Pollution of the Diyala River
Authors: Al-Mayahi Elham Abdel-Malik Hassoun , Al-Abadi Lami Abd Al-Ilah Soukban , Al-Hadithi Azzam Hammoudi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe project aimed to prepare study comprised to investigate for assessing Diyala River water pollution in the (bottom basin) and to showing chemical effect of the discharged of the water plant. The physical properties included hydrogen number (pH), total dissolved solids (TDS) and electrical conductivity (EC), but in term of chemical properties, samples were chemically analyzed for cat ions and anions (Ca+2, Mg+2, Na+1, K+1, Cl-1, HCO3-1, SO4-2NO3-1). The results of physical properties had been shown that the pH is within acceptable limits according to the WHO, 2006 guideline and Iraqi guideline 417, 2009 for drinking water, while the TDS, EC values were higher than the acceptable limits of the mentioned guidelines. The average concentrations of the following cat ions and anions: ( Ca+2, a+1, Cl-1, SO4-2) are higher than acceptable limits, but the average concentrations of anions (Mg+2, K+1, HCO3-, NO3-1) are within acceptable limits of WHO, 2006 guideline and Iraqi guideline, 2009 for drinking water. The dominated cautions of Diyala River water are Na+1, Ca+2as well as the dominated anions are Cl-1, SO4-2here as the evaporation process is dominating in the river. the results showed that the river water is very hard and most of the physical and chemical properties are higher than acceptable limits, so it is unsuitable for drinking. From calculating sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) of river water was suitable for irrigation and it is appear to be classified as S1 Level, which is no harmful regarding sodium. Result indicated effect of tracers, the influences of Treatment of treated wastewater and human activities, all these factors contributed for worsen the quality of Diyala river water.
Biodiversity of Mollusca in Dalmaj Marsh, Southern Marshland, Al-Diwaniya City, Iraq
Authors: Al-Jasimee Aahmed Sabah , Hussein Haider Mashkoor 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
One of nature’s most valuable resources, biodiversity plays a critical role in meeting many of human requirements and protecting from environmental extremism conditions. Mollusca benthic invertebrates are important biota in aquatic ecosystems and need further investigation. The current study highlights some species recorded in Al-Delmage Marsh in Iraq. The current study points out six species of Mollusca. These species are Melanoides tuberculate, Physa acuta, Viviparus bengalensis, Lymnaea radix, Corbicula fluminalis and Corbicula fluminea. Ecological indices reveal decrease in the values of Shannon (H’), Evenness (E), Margalef (R). This result reflects the ecological disturbance that the world faces over time and Iraq is the fifth country in this regard.
Evaluation of the Performance of the Makhmuor Villages Water Filtration Plant in Nineveh Governorate / Iraq
Authors: Sabawi Salman K. A. , Kannah Abdulmoneim M. A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The current study was conducted to evaluate the performance of the Makhmuor villages water filtration plant and to ensure the validity of the water produced and delivered to the consumer. The physical, chemical and biological properties of the Tigris River water at the intake of the plant and at different stages of the plant and the water reaching the residential areas benefiting from the plant were studied. The studied samples were collected for a period of five months, monthly from July to November 2022. Temperature, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, total alkalinity, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, chloride, sulfates, phosphates, nitrates, pH, residual chlorine, and the total number of bacteria. And the total number of coli bacteria and the number of plankton. The results of the study showed that many samples conformed to the Iraqi and international specifications for drinking water, except for turbidity, as it exceeded the permissible limit in most samples, which is less than 5 (Nephelometric Turbidity Unit) NTU, and dissolved oxygen reached 4.4 and 4.8 mg / liter in the Tigris River for the month of August and water Liquefaction in the villages for the months of July and September, respectively, as well as 4.4 mg/L in the automated sedimentation and filtration ponds and the village 2 for the month of November. The biological requirement for oxygen in seven samples in different locations for the months of October, August and November was 0.1 mg/L and the highest value was 6.4 mg/L in basin 2 in October. And nitrates were in low concentrations. As for residual chlorine, all tests were free of any percentage of it, except for the month of November, when it was in the plant tank 2 mg / liter and in the two villages 0.3 mg / liter. Thus, the number of bacteria increased and appeared in all samples throughout the study period.
Response Catharanthus roseus to Plant Growth Regulators in vitro
Authors: Al-Qaseer Zahraa Fahem , Al-Rekaby Layth Sareea 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This experiment was conducted in the tissue culture laboratory for postgraduate studies of the Department of Life Sciences in the College of Science, Al-Qadisiyah University to obtain a study of the response of Catharanthus roseus to the external growth stimuli, which include plant growth regulators, auxins (IAA, NAA, IBA) and cytokines (Kin, BA), under the influence of light conditions. On the characteristics of explants and callus growth that incubated in the growth room, 16 hours of light and 8 hours of darkness or continuous darkness. A high rate dilution of sterilization was prepared for plant growth, and all experiments showed that the medium (MS) at a concentration of 4.44 gm with sucrose at a concentration of 30 gm and the agar at a concentration of 7 gm with growth regulators that resulted in a group of growths, which was represented by the vegetative growth of the plant as a result of its development on a medium in which the best combination was (NAA and Kin) At a concentration of 1 mg each of auxin with cytokines. Where the highest levels of interaction between auxin and cytokinin in illumination for the growing apex were (96.6%) and for single nodules it was (83.3%). As for the incubation period in the continuous darkness, the highest rates of bilateral overlap for the developing peaks and for the single nodes were (85.7%) and (42.8%), respectively.
The Effect of Depth of the Smart Artificial Subsurface Irrigation Pipes and the Distance on the Efficiency of the System Performance and Yield of Sunflower
Authors: Mizhar Bassam A. , Jassim Abdulrazzaq A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of pipes depth and the distance between them in the smart artificial subsurface irrigation system on the efficiency of the system performance and the yield of sunflower (Helianths annuus L.), in one of the fields of Al-Raed Research Station/Ministry of Water Resources located 25 km west Baghdad for the growing season 2022. Two factors were used in the experiment, the first factor included the depths of the subsurface irrigation pipes at three levels 10, 15, and 20 cm. The second factor included the between subsurface irrigation pipes at three levels 50, 60, and 70 cm. The characters studied were soil moisture content %., irrigation water amount, cm3 h-1. depth of irrigation water added cm, plant height cm, and sunflower grain yield ton ha-1. Nested system was used according to the randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. The pipes depth was allocated to the main plot and the distance in the sub-plots. Least significant difference was used under the probability (LSD 0.05) to compare the averages of treatments. The results showed that the highest and lowest values of moisture content were 23.21 and 16.69 % for treatment depth 20 and distance 60 cm and treatment depth 10 and distance 70 cm, respectively. The highest and lowest values for irrigation water depth were 7.99 and 5.31 cm for the treatment depth 15 and distance 50 cm, and treatment depth 10 and distance 60 cm, respectively. The highest and lowest values for the amount of water consumed were 234.59 and 96.7 cm3 h-1 for treatments depth 10 and distance 50 cm, and treatment depth 20 and distance 60 cm, respectively. The highest and lowest values for plant height were 150.6 and 117.0 cm for the treatment depth 20 and distance 50 cm and treatment depth 10 and distance 70 cm, respectively. The highest and lowest values of grain yield were 4.97- and 2.62-ton ha-1 for treatments depth 20 and distance 50 cm and treatment depth 10 and distance 70 cm, respectively.
Assessment of Wastewater Characteristics of Treatment Units in some Hospitals in the City of Basra
Authors: Alsingery Ban R. , Alabbawy Dunya A. , Almahmood Hassan Khaleel 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper presents the results of the flowing water characteristics from the sanitation system studied in targeted hospitals in the city of Basra, Iraq, in four sites from the 1st of December 2021 to the 1 st of March 2022, including two major sites for government hospitals and two main sites for private hospitals. Statistical analysis of a set of physicochemical water quality parameters of flowing water collected directly from hospitals and water flowing before mixing with public sewage was conducted to investigate the efficiency of a hospital wastewater treatment plant in Basra, Iraq. The study concluded that the operational capacity in the selected treatment stations is commensurate with the hospital’s absorptive capacity and that all stations from different global origins operate as efficiently. The efficiency of removing Al–Saadi Hospital is 44.7% higher than other hospitals (Al–sader teaching, Al Mawanee, and Al–Mawadda) the efficiency of removing was (43.06%, 41.35%, 37.73%) respectively that have been studied. It is necessary to provide government and private hospitals with biological treatment stations to achieve the water environment in a city that suffers from severe pollution of water resources.
Antibacterial Efficacy and Molecular Docking of Leaf Extract of Laurus nobilis L Against some Isolated Pathogenic UTI Bacteria
Authors: Al-Abdullah Amani Abd Al-Ridha , Jasim Ekhlas Qanber , Muhammad-Ali Munther Abduljaleel 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The objective of the current study was to analyze the chemical compositions and antibacterial properties of Laurus nobilis. The bacterial strain was isolated from urine sample of female patients have urinary tract infection in Al-Basrah Teaching Hospital. Two solvents (hot and cold aqueous and ethanol) were used to extract the dried leaves of L. nobilis. While there were differences in the inhibition zones that solvent extracts demonstrated against bacterial pathogens, all of them significantly inhibited pathogens. The diameters of the inhibition zones on Staphylococcus aureus where the alcoholic extract was in the range of 17-29 mm, 22-28 mm for hot water and 12-14 mm for cold aqueous extract. The diameters of the inhibition zones on Klebsiella pneumoniae for alcoholic extract were 18-20 mm, 19-21.5 mm for hot aqueous extract and 12-17 mm for cold water extract. The GC-MS analysis demonstrated the presence of different phytochemical compounds in the extract of Laurus nobilis. A total of 60 compounds were identified, for ethanolic extract, tris (2-methylenecyclopropyl)methanol, (3aS,6aR,9aR,9bS)-3,6,9-trimethylenedecahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-2(3H)-one and (3aS,6aR,9aR,9bS)-6-methyl-3,9-dimethylene-3a,4,6a,7,8,9,9a,9b-octahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-2(3H)-one were the major compounds with percentage values 9.64%, 8.86% and 7.43%, respectively. For hot water extract, the major three compounds were 5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2-carbaldehyde 11.64%, 2-methyl-5-nitro-2H-1,2,3-triazol-4-amine 8.39% and tris(2-methylenecyclopropyl)methanol 6.81%. Whereas, for cold water extract, the major compounds were n-Hexadecanoic acid 26.05%, Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 22.94% and Octadecanoic acid 8.25%. Molecular docking showed that these nine major compounds had an excellent binding affinity -4.25 to -8.56 kcal/mol against S. aureus using protein 1JIJ. The binding affinity of these compounds against K. pneumoniae (protein 6PIB) were in the range - 4.03 to -8.22 kcal/mol.
Study of the Effect of Oil Extract of Dill (Anethumgraveolens L.) Plant on Oxidative Stress Parameters of Liver Enzymes in Male Rats
Authors: Salman Thanaa Abdel-SadaKhaddam , Ahmed Ahmed Tawfeeq , Oleiwi GhufranHasan , Al-Ibrahemi Nibras 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This the study carried out inextracting of Anethum graveolensL. (dill) volatile oils belong to umbelliferae family and determent percentage of the oils, phytochemical screen were performed A. graveolens volatile oils extract and displayed positive results for Saponin, Cumarins, Phenol, Glycoside, Alkaloid and Flavonoid while Tannins negative results. and determent their impact oxidative stress Malonaldehyde and Lipid peroxidation level, the animal were divide in to five groups, each of which include three animals, the first groups was control groups, the second groups was injection with A. graveolensL. oils extract at a concentration of 25%mg/kg body weight (B.W), the third groups was injected with concentration of 50 mg/kg (B.W), the fourth groups was injected with concentration of 100 mg/kg (B.W) and five groups was injected with concentration of 200 mg/kg (B.W), was injected 7 days and 14 days and blood bled 30 days, the criteria foe stress (MDA and LPO) were defined to establish the effective duration and concentration, indicate the results the groups (G2, G3, G4 and G5) of male rats displayed significantly decline in MDA level (1.96, 2.52, 1.34 and 1.00μmol/L) respectively in comparison with control 2.47μmol/L at the 7th day, G2, G3, G4, and G5 showed a considerable drop by day 14, however. (2.38, 1.93, 1.62 and 1.06μmol/L) respectively in comparison with control 2.46μmol/L. While resultsLPO levels declined significantly in male rat groups (G2, G3, G4, and G5) (17.14, 13.4, 11.53 and 9.35μmol/L) respectively in comparison with control 22.01μmol/L at the 7th day, while at the 14th day (G2,G3,G4 and G5) showed significantly decrease (25.05, 20.94, 18.73, 10.65 and 11.85μmol/L) respectively compared with control 25.05μmol/L. aim from this research is known protective role and antioxidant for dill volatile oil extract.
Evaluation of Combinations Between Menthe Extract, Zinc Nano Oxide and Phenol Compound on Antifungal
Authors: Mohan Khadijh S. , Omran Zena T. , Salman Thanaa Abdel-Sada Khaddam , Al-Masoodyb Itlal Hakim 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
From August 17 to January 1, 2023, this investigation was carried out in the postgraduate lab at the University of Kerbala. The Menthe spicata plant was removed from the city of Karbala on July 11, 2022, and phenol component was extracted from ethanol alcohol menthe extract. from the Nanomaterials, Practical size, and Zno nanoparticals (33-40nm) In order to assess the effectiveness of various concentrations of combinations of zinc nanoparticles, menthe extract, and phenol obtained from menthe extract, as well as the virulence of fungal isolates Candida albicans, Trichophyton rubrum, and Microsporum canis. The results demonstrate that menthe extract, zinc nanooxide, and phenol chemical combinations are more effective than menthe extract alone in enhancing the inhibition zone against fungus, and that nano zinc has a more significant impact than phenol and menthe extract in reducing the amount of antifungal required. The goal of this study was to diminish the pathogenic fungal growth suppression using a combination of nano zinc, phenol, and menthe extract antifungals (M. canis, T. mentagrophyte, and C. albican).
An Investigation of Bacterial Infections in the Urinary Tract of Babylon City Women in Iraq, a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ali Mariam Ahmed , Aljanaby Ahmed Abduljabbar Jaloob 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Urine infection, also known as a urinary tract infection (UTI), is an inflammation of the urinary system, while it is most common in women, UTI can occur in both men and women. A total of 719 urine samples were collected from women with UTI admitted to a general hospital in Babylon City, Iraq, between March 2022 and February 2023. Standard laboratory methods were used to culture urine and to diagnose all bacterial isolates that were grown on laboratory media. The Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was used to test antibiotic susceptibility. Out of a total of 719 urine samples, 646 urine samples with positive bacterial growth and 73 urine samples without bacterial growth. E.coli was the most predominant bacteria with 309 isolates, K.pneumoniae 112, S.saprophyticus 62, E.faecalis 48, P. aeruginosa 31, S.aureus 20, S.haemolyticus 19, St.agalatiae 16 and C. freundii 8 isolates. E.coli, K.pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa were highly resistance to amoxicillin 25 μg with percentages 81%, 82% and 90% respectively; S.saprophyticus had good resistance to penicillin 6 μg and ampicillin 10 μg with percentages 74%. The most effective antibiotic was imipenem 10μg, which inhibited all bacterial growth.