bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient and Thermally Stable Wide Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells by Dual‐Source Vacuum Deposition
Authors: Gil‐Escrig Lidón , Susic Isidora , Doğan İlker , Zardetto Valerio , Najafi Mehrdad , Zhang Dong , Veenstra Sjoerd , Sedani Salar , Arikan Bulent , Yerci Selcuk , Bolink Henk J. , Sessolo Michele 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWide bandgap perovskites are being widely studied in view of their potential applications in tandem devices and other semitransparent photovoltaics. Vacuum deposition of perovskite thin films is advantageous as it allows the fabrication of multilayer devices, fine control over thickness and purity, and it can be upscaled to meet production needs. However, the vacuum processing of multicomponent perovskites (typically used to achieve wide bandgaps) is not straightforward, because one needs to simultaneously control several thermal sources during the deposition. Here a simplified dual‐source vacuum deposition method to obtain wide bandgap perovskite films is shown. The solar cells obtained with these materials have similar or even larger efficiency as those including multiple A‐cations, but are much more thermally stable, up to 3500 h at 85 °C for a perovskite with a bandgap of 1.64 eV. With optimized thickness, record efficiency of >19% and semitransparent devices with stabilized power output in excess of 17% are achieved.
The Synergistic Effect of Pemirolast Potassium on Carrier Management and Strain Release for High‐Performance Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Li Jun , Xie Lisha , Pu Zhenwei , Liu Chang , Yang Mengjin , Meng Yuanyuan , Han Bin , Bu Shixiao , Wang Yaohua , Zhang Xiaoli , Wang Tao , Ge Ziyi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe quality of the perovskite absorption layer is critical for the high efficiency and long‐term stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The inhomogeneity due to local lattice mismatch causes severe residual strain in low‐quality perovskite films, which greatly limits the availability of high‐performance PSCs. In this study, a multi‐active‐site potassium salt, pemirolast potassium (PP), is added to perovskite films to improve carrier dynamics and release residual stress. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) measurements suggest that the proposed multifunctional additive bonds with uncoordinated Pb2+ through the carbonyl group/tetrazole N and passivated I atom defects. Moreover, the residual stress release is effective from the surface to the entire perovskite layer, and carrier extraction/transport is promoted in PP‐modified perovskite films. As a result, a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.06% with an ultra‐high fill factor (FF) of 84.36% is achieved in the PP‐modified device, which ranks among the best in formamidinium‐cesium (FACs) PSCs. In addition, the PP‐modified device exhibits excellent thermal stability due to the inhibited phase separation. This work provides a reliable way to improve the efficiency and stability of PSCs by releasing residual stress in perovskite films through additive engineering.
Platelet Membrane‐Fused Circulating Extracellular Vesicles Protect the Heart from Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Jiang Jizong , Ni Lingyan , Zhang Xinxin , Wang Hongyun , Liu Li , Wei Meng , Li Guoping , Bei Yihua 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMyocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/RI) may potentiate cardiac remodeling and heart failure, while effective therapies for I/RI remain lacking. Circulating human plasma‐derived extracellular vesicles (hEV) have great potential to protect against I/RI. However, the effective delivery of hEV in vivo remains a limiting factor for clinical application. The present study constructs a biomimetic delivery system of platelet membrane‐fused hEV (P‐hEV), utilizing the natural affinity of platelets for hEV delivery to the injured vascular and myocardial sites. The results show that platelet membrane and hEV membrane fusion can be achieved through repeated extrusion. Compared to non‐modified hEV, P‐hEV uptake is greatly enhanced in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) stressed by oxygen‐glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R). Functionally, P‐hEV inhibits HUVEC and neonatal rat cardiomyocyte (NRCM) apoptosis and promotes HUVECs migration and tube formation under OGD/R stress in vitro. Intravenous delivery of P‐hEV more effectively targets and accumulates at injury sites in the heart. Furthermore, P‐hEV significantly enhances protection against acute I/RI and attenuates cardiac remodeling at three weeks post‐I/RI. In conclusion, the platelet membrane‐fused hEV delivery system enhances the target delivery of EV to protect against myocardial I/RI, presenting a novel drug delivery system for ischemic heart diseases.
High‐Efficiency Antibacterial Hemostatic AgNP@Zeolite/Chitin/Bamboo Composite Sponge for Wound Healing without Heat Injury
Authors: Zheng Lu , Li Xiaoyun , Xu Changliang , Xu Yidi , Zeng Yukai , Tam Manseng , Zhang Huan‐Tian , Wang Xiaoying 
Published: April 2023

AbstractChitin is a popular hemostatic material, but there are still many deficiencies in its ability to effectively stop bleeding, prevent infection, and fit wounds. Herein, AgNP@zeolite/chitin/bamboo (AgZ‐CB) composite sponges with shape recovery are prepared to minimize blood loss, kill bacteria, and promote wound healing. Notably, the bamboo powder is used for the first time to remarkably enhance the softness of the composite sponge (volumetric expansion ratio >5). The fabricated AgZ‐CB sponge exhibits an excellent killing effect (≈100% bactericidal rate) against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and activates internal and external coagulation pathways to accelerate hemostasis without causing thermal damage (≈5 °C temperature difference). Moreover, the AgZ‐CB sponge shows less blood loss (26 mg) and a shorter time to hemostasis (42 s) than the commercial polyvinyl formal sponge (84 mg and 76 s) in the full‐thickness liver injury model. The in vivo wound healing and biodegradation experiment indicate that AgZ‐CB with excellent biocompatibility can close wounds efficiently. Overall, the AgZ‐CB sponge has great potential in combating a series of obstacles in wound healing.
Gate‐Controlled Magnetotransport and Electrostatic Modulation of Magnetism in 2D Magnetic Semiconductor CrPS4
Authors: Wu Fan , Gibertini Marco , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Gutiérrez‐Lezama Ignacio , Ubrig Nicolas , Morpurgo Alberto F. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractUsing field‐effect transistors (FETs) to explore atomically thin magnetic semiconductors with transport measurements is difficult, because the very narrow bands of most 2D magnetic semiconductors cause carrier localization, preventing transistor operation. Here, it is shown that exfoliated layers of CrPS4—a 2D layered antiferromagnetic semiconductor whose bandwidth approaches 1 eV—allow the realization of FETs that operate properly down to cryogenic temperature. Using these devices, conductance measurements as a function of temperature and magnetic field are performed to determine the full magnetic phase diagram, which includes a spin‐flop and a spin‐flip phase. The magnetoconductance, which depends strongly on gate voltage, is determined. reaching values as high as 5000% near the threshold for electron conduction. The gate voltage also allows the magnetic states to be tuned, despite the relatively large thickness of the CrPS4 multilayers employed in the study. The results show the need to employ 2D magnetic semiconductors with sufficiently large bandwidth to realize properly functioning transistors, and identify a candidate material to realize a fully gate‐tunable half‐metallic conductor.
Hydrogels and Bioprinting in Bone Tissue Engineering: Creating Artificial Stem‐Cell Niches for In Vitro Models
Authors: Lewns Francesca K. , Tsigkou Olga , Cox Liam R. , Wildman Ricky D. , Grover Liam M. , Poologasundarampillai Gowsihan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAdvances in bioprinting have enabled the fabrication of complex tissue constructs with high speed and resolution. However, there remains significant structural and biological complexity within tissues that bioprinting is unable to recapitulate. Bone, for example, has a hierarchical organization ranging from the molecular to whole organ level. Current bioprinting techniques and the materials employed have imposed limits on the scale, speed, and resolution that can be achieved, rendering the technique unable to reproduce the structural hierarchies and cell–matrix interactions that are observed in bone. The shift toward biomimetic approaches in bone tissue engineering, where hydrogels provide biophysical and biochemical cues to encapsulated cells, is a promising approach to enhancing the biological function and development of tissues for in vitro modeling. A major focus in bioprinting of bone tissue for in vitro modeling is creating dynamic microenvironmental niches to support, stimulate, and direct the cellular processes for bone formation and remodeling. Hydrogels are ideal materials for imitating the extracellular matrix since they can be engineered to present various cues whilst allowing bioprinting. Here, recent advances in hydrogels and 3D bioprinting toward creating a microenvironmental niche that is conducive to tissue engineering of in vitro models of bone are reviewed.
Multifunctional Metal‐Organic Frameworks Capsules Modulate Reactivity of Lead Iodide toward Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells with UV Resistance
Authors: Sheng Wangping , He Jiacheng , Yang Jia , Cai Qianqian , Xiao Shuqin , Zhong Yang , Tan Licheng , Chen Yiwang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe two‐step sequential deposition process is demonstrated as a reliable technology for the fabrication of efficient perovskite solar cells (PVSCs). However, the complete conversion of dense PbI2 to perovskite in planar PVSCs is tough without mesoporous titanium dioxide as support. Herein, multifunctional capsules consisting of zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8) encapsulant and formamidinium iodide (FAI) are introduced between tin oxide (SnO2) and lead iodide (PbI2) layer. Intriguingly, the capsule dopant interlayer benefits the formation of porous PbI2 film due to the porous nanostructure of ZIF‐8 that is favorable for the subsequent intercalation reaction. Furthermore, the constituent of the perovskite precursor in ZIF‐8 pores can convert into the crystal nuclei of perovskite by reacting with PbI2 first, thereby promoting further perovskite crystallization. Significantly, the incorporation of ZIF‐8 can enhance the resistance of perovskite against UV illumination due to down‐conversion effect. Consequently, the modified device achieves a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.08% and displays enhanced UV stability, which can sustain 83% of its original PCE under 365 nm UV illumination for 300 h. Moreover, the unencapsulated device maintains 90% of initial PCE after 1500 h storage in dark ambient conditions with a relative humidity range of 50%–70%.
Water‐Based Conductive Ink Formulations for Enzyme‐Based Wearable Biosensors
Authors: Tricase Angelo , Imbriano Anna , Valentino Marlene , Ditaranto Nicoletta , Macchia Eleonora , Franco Cinzia Di , Kidayaveettil Reshma , Leech Dónal , Piscitelli Matteo , Scamarcio Gaetano , Perchiazzi Gaetano , Torsi Luisa , Bollella Paolo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHerein, this work reports the first example of second‐generation wearable biosensor arrays based on a printed electrode technology involving a water‐based graphite ink, for the simultaneous detection of l‐lactate and d‐glucose. The water‐based graphite ink is deposited onto a flexible polyethylene terephthalate sheet, namely stencil‐printed graphite (SPG) electrodes, and further modified with [Os(bpy)2(Cl)(PVI)10] as an osmium redox polymer to shuttle the electrons from the redox center of lactate oxidase from Aerococcus viridans (LOx) and gluocose oxidase from Aspergillus niger (GOx). The proposed biosensor array exhibits a limit of detection as low as (9.0 ± 1.0) × 10−6 m for LOx/SPG‐[Os(bpy)2(Cl)(PVI)10] and (3.0 ± 0.5) × 10−6 m for GOx/SPG‐[Os(bpy)2(Cl)(PVI)10], a sensitivity as high as 1.32 μA mm−1 for LOx/SPG‐[Os(bpy)2(Cl)(PVI)10] and 28.4 μA mm−1 for GOx/SPG‐[Os(bpy)2(Cl)(PVI)10]. The technology is also selective when tested in buffer and artificial sweat and is endowed with an operational/storage stability of ≈80% of the initial signal retained after 20 days. Finally, the proposed array is integrated in a wristband and successfully tested for the continuous monitoring of l‐lactate and d‐glucose in a healthy volunteer during daily activity. This is foreseen as a real‐time wearable device for sport‐medicine and healthcare applications.
Kirigami–Origami‐Inspired Lead‐Free Piezoelectric Ceramics
Authors: Wang Zehuan , Ma Denghao , Wang Yunhan , Xie Yan , Yu Zhonghui , Cheng Jin , Li Li , Sun Liang , Dong Shuxiang , Wang Hong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractKirigami‐ and oirigami‐inspired techniques have emerged as effective strategies for material structure design; however, the use of these techniques is usually limited to soft and deformable materials. Piezoelectric ceramics, which are typical functional ceramics, are widely used in electronic and energy devices; however, the processing options for piezoelectric ceramics are limited by their brittleness and feedstock viscosity. Here, a design strategy is proposed for the preparation of lead‐free piezoelectric ceramics inspired by kirigami/origami. This strategy involves direct writing printing and control over the external gravity during the calcination process for the preparation of curved and porous piezoelectric ceramics with specific shapes. The sintered BaTiO3 ceramics with curved geometries produced using this strategy exhibit a high piezoelectric constant (d33 = 275 pC N−1), which is 45% higher than that of conventionally sintered sheet ceramics. The curved structure of the ceramics is well‐suited for use in the human body and it was determined that these curved ceramics can detect pulse signals. This strategy can be applied in the large‐scale and low‐cost production of other piezoelectric ceramics with various curved shapes and provides a new approach for the preparation of complex‐shaped ceramics.
Copper‐Zinc Bimetallic Single‐Atom Catalysts with Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance‐Enhanced Photothermal Effect and Catalytic Activity for Melanoma Treatment and Wound‐Healing
Authors: Liu Lidan , Zhang Haifeng , Xing Shun , Zhang Yu , Shangguan Li , Wei Chao , Peng Feng , Liu Xuanyong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNanomaterials with photothermal combined chemodynamic therapy (PTT‐CDT) have attracted the attention of researchers owing to their excellent synergistic therapeutic effects on tumors. Thus, the preparation of multifunctional materials with higher photothermal conversion efficiency and catalytic activity can achieve better synergistic therapeutic effects for melanoma. In this study, a Cu–Zn bimetallic single‐atom (Cu/PMCS) is constructed with augmented photothermal effect and catalytic activity due to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect. Density functional theory calculations confirmed that the enhanced photothermal effect of Cu/PMCS is due to the appearance of a new d‐orbital transition with strong spin‐orbit coupling and the induced LSPR. Additionally, Cu/PMCS exhibited increased catalytic activity in the Fenton‐like reaction and glutathione depletion capacity, further enhanced by increased temperature and LSPR. Consequently, Cu/PMCS induced better synergistic anti‐melanoma effects via PTT‐CDT than PMCS in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, compared with PMCS, Cu/PMCS killed bacteria more quickly and effectively, thus facilitating wound healing owing to the enhanced photothermal effect and slow release of Cu2+. Cu/PMCS promoted cell migration and angiogenesis and upregulated the expression of related genes to accelerate wound healing. Cu/PMCS has potential applications in treating melanoma and repairing wounds with its antitumor, antibacterial, and wound‐healing properties.
Multiple Electronic Phases Coexisting under Inhomogeneous Strains in the Correlated Insulator
Authors: Hou Baofei , Zhang Yu , Zhang Teng , Wu Jizheng , Zhang Quanzhen , Han Xu , Huang Zeping , Chen Yaoyao , Ji Hongyan , Wang Tingting , Liu Liwei , Si Chen , Gao Hong‐Jun , Wang Yeliang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMonolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) can host exotic phenomena such as correlated insulating and charge‐density‐wave (CDW) phases. Such properties are strongly dependent on the precise atomic arrangements. Strain, as an effective tuning parameter in atomic arrangements, has been widely used for tailoring material's structures and related properties, yet to date, a convincing demonstration of strain‐induced dedicate phase transition at nanometer scale in monolayer TMDs has been lacking. Here, a strain engineering technique is developed to controllably introduce out‐of‐plane atomic deformations in monolayer CDW material 1T‐NbSe2. The scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM and STS) measurements, accompanied by first‐principles calculations, demonstrate that the CDW phase of 1T‐NbSe2 can survive under both tensile and compressive strains even up to 5%. Moreover, significant strain‐induced phase transitions are observed, i.e., tensile (compressive) strains can drive 1T‐NbSe2 from an intrinsic‐correlated insulator into a band insulator (metal). Furthermore, experimental evidence of the multiple electronic phase coexistence at the nanoscale is provided. The results shed new lights on the strain engineering of correlated insulator and useful for design and development of strain‐related nanodevices.
Robust Anode‐Free Sodium Metal Batteries Enabled by Artificial Sodium Formate Interface
Authors: Wang Chaozhi , Zheng Ying , Chen Zhe‐Ning , Zhang Rongrong , He Wei , Li Kaixuan , Yan Sen , Cui Jingqin , Fang Xiaoliang , Yan Jiawei , Xu Gang , Peng Dongliang , Ren Bin , Zheng Nanfeng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSodium metal batteries (NMBs) have attracted increasing attention as next‐generation rechargeable batteries. How to improve their cycling stability and safety under limited sodium excess conditions, ideally zero sodium excess (i.e., anode‐free architecture), is highly desired yet remains challenging. Herein, it is demonstrated that sodium formate (HCOONa), one component of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) naturally formed on sodium metal anode, is a promising candidate for designing high‐performance artificial SEI layers, which can suppress the sodium dendrite formation and reduce the side reactions between sodium and the electrolyte. Profiting from the HCOONa interface, the Na|Na3V2(PO4)3 battery with a high mass loading of Na3V2(PO4)3 (10 mg cm−2) exhibits a superior cycling stability with an ultralow decay rate of 0.004% per cycle over 800 cycles. More impressively, a single molecular layer of HCOONa in situ formed on commercial copper current collector helps to extend the lifespan of the anode‐free Cu|Na3V2(PO4)3 battery to 400 cycles with 88.2% capacity relation, representing the longest cycle lifetime reported in anode‐free NMBs.
Nanocrystal‐Enabled Perovskite Heterojunctions in Photovoltaic Applications and Beyond
Authors: Wieliczka Brian M. , Habisreutinger Severin N. , Schutt Kelly , Blackburn Jeffrey L. , Luther Joseph M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHeterojunctions are used to tailor the properties of semiconductors in optoelectronic devices, yet for emerging devices composed of metal halide perovskites, fabricating perovskite/perovskite heterojunctions has proved challenging due to solvent incompatibilities and rapid homogenization due to ion migration. Recent studies have demonstrated various strategies for using perovskite nanocrystals as a component to fabricate perovskite/perovskite heterojunctions, either with a perovskite thin film or a second nanocrystal layer. Heterojunctions such as these can impart many advantages of both bulk and nanocrystalline perovskite morphologies. This perspective focuses on recent developments of solution‐processed perovskite heterojunctions for solar cells and novel optoelectronic devices, in particular, highlighting the demonstrated and potential advantages of nanocrystal‐enabled fabrication strategies. A central tenet of this perspective is that the synthesis and dispersion of perovskite nanocrystals in non‐polar organic solvents offers a key processing advantage over traditional perovskite precursor solutions in polar solvents since the former allows for layer‐by‐layer deposition without dissolving an underlying perovskite film or crystal. This processing advantage, coupled with nanocrystal size control and ligand chemistry, enables perovskite heterojunctions with highly tunable optical and electrical properties. Such heterojunctions may enable disruptive technological advances in broad classes of devices such as solar cells, photodetectors, sensors, and (in)coherent photon sources with tunable polarization.
Pd Sulfidation‐Induced 1T‐Phase Tuning in Monolayer MoS2 for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Mai Hien Duy , Jeong Sangmin , Bae Gi‐Nam , Tran Ngoc Minh , Youn Jong‐Sang , Park Cheol‐Min , Jeon Ki‐Joon 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFor single‐atom‐layer hydrogen evolution reaction catalysts, enrichment of the 1T‐phase in monolayer molybdenum disulfide is important to achieve ideal metal utilization efficiency and exposure of active surface atoms. Herein, it is discovered that the 1T‐phase degree in monolayer MoS2 can be enhanced through sulfidation of the Pd species deposited on MoS2 (PdxSy/1T‐MoS2). Raman and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveal that the sulfidation‐assisted phase transition results in considerably greater proportions of 1T‐phase fraction (up to 86%) without using alkali‐metal‐based approaches. Observations of S‐atom displacement/translation at the atomic level contribute to the understanding of the phase transformation of MoS2. The maximized surface atom activation and metal utilization efficiency in PdxSy/1T‐MoS2 lead to unprecedentedly high mass activity (−3444 A mgPd−1) and turnover frequency (1892 s−1), three orders of magnitude higher than those of commercial Pt/C 10 wt% (3.6 A mgPt−1 and 3.6 s−1). The sulfidation‐assisted 1T‐phase enrichment has major implications for the designs of efficient electrocatalysts through MoS2 phase engineering.
Triggering Mixed Cationic‐Anionic Redox in Cu2‐xSe Cathodes via Tailored Charge‐Carrier for High Energy Density Aqueous Zn Batteries
Authors: Yao Zeying , Yang Junwei , Ren Zhiguo , Ren Xiaochuan , Sun Yuanhe , Zhao Yuanxin , Si Jingying , Lei Qi , Zhang Wei , Li Zhao , Yin Yaru , Chen Jige , Wen Wen , Zhu Daming , Li Xiaolong , Tai Renzhong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe further application of promising transition‐metal chalcogenides (TMCs) cathodes in dilute neutral aqueous Zn batteries (AZBs) is mainly plagued by unsatisfactory working voltages (usually <1 V vs Zn2+/Zn) and their conventional cationic redox centers reaching theoretical capacity limit. Hence, to break the confinement, a novel Zn‐Cu2‐xSe battery is developed in dilute neutral‐aqueous electrolyte by introducing a tailored charge‐carrier, which not only alters the intercalation potential of ions embedded into Cu2‐xSe (vs Zn2+/Zn, working voltage from ≈0.4 to ≈1.2 V) but also activates the anionic redox centers of Cu2‐xSe (capacity release from 143.4 to 323.2 mAh g−1 at 0.4 A g−1). In situ synchrotron X‐ray diffraction (SXRD) and substantial ex situ characterizations reveal the multi‐step phase conversion undergone by cathode and triggered additional Se‐based anionic (Sen2−/Se2−) reversible redox reaction. A multi‐electron synergistic transfer process established on the cationic‐anionic redox centers circumvents the slow relaxation of single‐ion charge compensation achieving high‐capacity and enhanced ion diffusion kinetics. As a result, an extraordinary energy density of up to 406.2 Wh kg−1 at 240 W kg−1 is implemented (calculated based on the mass of Cu2‐xSe cathode), which is ≈8.4 times higher than that of conventional Zn‐Cu2‐xSe batteries, representing an advanced development toward energetic AZBs.