bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mach and Reynolds number effects on transonic buffet on the XRF-1 transport aircraft wing at flight Reynolds number
Authors: Waldmann Andreas , Ehrle Maximilian C. , Kleinert Johannes , Yorita Daisuke , Lutz Thorsten 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis work provides an overview of aerodynamic data acquired in the European Transonic Windtunnel using an XRF-1 transport aircraft configuration both at cruise conditions and at the edges of the flight envelope. The goals and design of the wind tunnel test were described, highlighting the use of the cryogenic wind tunnel’s capability to isolate the effects of $$M_{\infty }$$

M
∞

, $${\text{Re}}_{\infty }$$

Re
∞

and the dynamic pressure q/E. The resulting dataset includes an aerodynamic baseline characterization of the full span model with vertical and horizontal tailplanes and without engine nacelles. The effects of different inflow conditions were studied using data from continuous polars, evaluating the changes in aeroelastic deformation which are proportional to q/E and the influence of $$M_{\infty }$$

M
∞

and $${\text{Re}}_{\infty }$$

Re
∞

on the shock position. Off-design data was analyzed at the lowest and highest measured Mach numbers of 0.84 and 0.90, respectively. Wing lower surface flow and underside shock motion was analyzed at negative angles of attack using $${{c}_{\text{p}}}$$

c
p

distribution and unsteady pressure transducer fluctuation data, identifying significant upstream displacement of the shock close to the leading edge. Wing upper-side flow and the shock motion near buffet onset and beyond was analyzed using unsteady pressure data from point transducers and unsteady pressure-sensitive paint (PSP) measurements. Buffet occurs at lower angles of attack at high Mach number, and without clearly defined lift break. Spectral contents at the acquired data points in the buffet range suggest broadband fluctuations at Strouhal numbers between 0.2 and 0.6, which is consistent with recent literature. The spanwise shock propagation velocities were determined independently via analysis of unsteady PSP and pressure transducers to be in the range between $$u_{\text{s}} / u_{\infty } = 0.24$$

u
s

/

u
∞

=
0.24

and 0.32, which is similarly in line with published datasets using other swept wing aircraft models.
Manipulation of moves in sequential contests
Authors: Protopappas Konstantinos 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn two-player Tullock contests with endogenous timing of moves, the weak player moves early and the strong player follows. This order of moves is the third-best outcome for a contest organiser as it leads to a contest with lower aggregate effort compared to a contest where the players move in reverse order (first best) or simultaneously (second best). We propose that if the contest organiser—who does not knowex antewhich player is the strong and which is the weak one—offers a lower price (effort cost) to the player(s) who choose(s) to exert effort early, she can achieve a greater payoff by affecting the contestants’ sequence of moves. We show that there exists no price that generates the first-best outcome. However, there is a price (or a range of prices) that induces both players to move early and receive it, leading to the second-best outcome. We also discuss the case where both players move early but only one receives the low price, e.g., lobbying or Instagram “giveaway” contests.
E-ReMI: Extended Maximal Interaction Two-mode Clustering
Authors: Ahmed Zaheer , Cassese Alberto , van Breukelen Gerard , Schepers Jan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we present E-ReMI, a new method for studying two-way interaction in row by column (i.e., two-mode) data. E-ReMI is based on a probabilistic two-mode clustering model that yields a two-mode partition of the data with maximal interaction between row and column clusters. The proposed model extends REMAXINT by allowing for unequal cluster sizes for the row clusters, thus introducing more flexibility in the model. In the manuscript, we use a conditional classification likelihood approach to derive the maximum likelihood estimates of the model parameters. We further introduce a test statistic for testing the null hypothesis of no interaction, discuss its properties and propose an algorithm to obtain its distribution under this null hypothesis. Free software to apply the methods described in this paper is developed in the R language. We assess the performance of the new method and compare it with competing methodologies through a simulation study. Finally, we present an application of the methodology using data from a study of person by situation interaction.
Paediatric subarachnoid haemorrhage and severe vasospasm secondary to traumatic pseudoaneurysm of a fenestrated vertebral artery: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Kameda-Smith Michelle , James Greg , Seunarine Kiran , Rennie Adam , Robertson Fergus , Silva Adikarige Haritha Dulanka 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPaediatric intracranial aneurysms are rare entities accounting for less than 5% of all age intracranial aneurysms. Traumatic aneurysms are more common in children and have an association with anatomical variations such as arterial fenestrations. Here, we present a case of a child initially presenting with traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage who returned to baseline and was discharged home only to return within 2 weeks with diffuse subarachnoid and intraventricular re-haemorrhage. A dissecting aneurysm of a duplicated (fenestrated) V4 vertebral artery segment was identified as a rare cause of rebleeding. We describe a course complicated by severe vasospasm delaying aneurysm detection and treatment. Dissecting aneurysms in children should be considered in all cases of delayed post-traumatic cranial rebleeding, particularly where there is anomalous arterial anatomy.
Large diameter hemicraniectomy does not improve long-term outcome in malignant infarction
Authors: Lehrieder Dominik , Müller Hans-Peter , Kassubek Jan , Hecht Nils , Thomalla Götz , Michalski Dominik , Gattringer Thomas , Wartenberg Katja E. , Schultze-Amberger Jörg , Huttner Hagen , Kuramatsu Joji B. , Wunderlich Silke , Steiner Hans-Herbert , Weissenborn Karin , Heck Suzette , Günther Albrecht , Schneider Hauke , Poli Sven , Dohmen Christian , Woitzik Johannes , Jüttler Eric , Neugebauer Hermann ,   on behalf of the DESTINY-R (DEcompressive Surgery for the Treatment of malignant INfarction of the middle cerebral arterY - Registry) Study Group and IGNITE (Initiative of German NeuroIntensive Trial Engagement) Study Group
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction
In malignant cerebral infarction decompressive hemicraniectomy has demonstrated beneficial effects, but the optimum size of hemicraniectomy is still a matter of debate. Some surgeons prefer a large-sized hemicraniectomy with a diameter of more than 14 cm (HC > 14). We investigated whether this approach is associated with reduced mortality and an improved long-term functional outcome compared to a standard hemicraniectomy with a diameter of less than 14 cm (HC ≤ 14).

Methods
Patients from the DESTINY (DEcompressive Surgery for the Treatment of malignant INfarction of the middle cerebral arterY) registry who received hemicraniectomy were dichotomized according to the hemicraniectomy diameter (HC ≤ 14 cm vs. HC > 14 cm). The primary outcome was modified Rankin scale (mRS) score ≤ 4 after 12 months. Secondary outcomes were in-hospital mortality, mRS ≤ 3 and mortality after 12 months, and the rate of hemicraniectomy-related complications. The diameter of the hemicraniectomy was examined as an independent predictor of functional outcome in multivariable analyses.

Results
Among 130 patients (32.3% female, mean (SD) age 55 (11) years), the mean hemicraniectomy diameter was 13.6 cm. 42 patients (32.3%) had HC > 14. There were no significant differences in the primary outcome and mortality by size of hemicraniectomy. Rate of complications did not differ (HC ≤ 14 27.6% vs. HC > 14 36.6%, p = 0.302). Age and infarct volume but not hemicraniectomy diameter were associated with outcome in multivariable analyses.

Conclusion
In this post-hoc analysis, large hemicraniectomy was not associated with an improved outcome or lower mortality in unselected patients with malignant middle cerebral artery infarction. Randomized trials should further examine whether individual patients could benefit from a large-sized hemicraniectomy.

Clinical trial registration information
German Clinical Trials Register (URL: https://www.drks.de; Unique Identifier: DRKS00000624).
Artificial intelligence in retinal disease: clinical application, challenges, and future directions
Authors: Daich Varela Malena , Sen Sagnik , De Guimaraes Thales Antonio Cabral , Kabiri Nathaniel , Pontikos Nikolas , Balaskas Konstantinos , Michaelides Michel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRetinal diseases are a leading cause of blindness in developed countries, accounting for the largest share of visually impaired children, working-age adults (inherited retinal disease), and elderly individuals (age-related macular degeneration). These conditions need specialised clinicians to interpret multimodal retinal imaging, with diagnosis and intervention potentially delayed. With an increasing and ageing population, this is becoming a global health priority. One solution is the development of artificial intelligence (AI) software to facilitate rapid data processing. Herein, we review research offering decision support for the diagnosis, classification, monitoring, and treatment of retinal disease using AI. We have prioritised diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, inherited retinal disease, and retinopathy of prematurity. There is cautious optimism that these algorithms will be integrated into routine clinical practice to facilitate access to vision-saving treatments, improve efficiency of healthcare systems, and assist clinicians in processing the ever-increasing volume of multimodal data, thereby also liberating time for doctor-patient interaction and co-development of personalised management plans.
Association of autoantibody levels with different stages of age-related macular degeneration (AMD): Results from the population-based Gutenberg Health Study (GHS)
Authors: Korb Christina A. , Lackner Karl J. , Wolters Dominik , Schuster Alexander K. , Nickels Stefan , Beutgen Vanessa M. , Münzel Thomas , Wild Philipp S. , Beutel Manfred E. , Schmidtmann Irene , Pfeiffer Norbert , Grus Franz H. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Anti-retinal autoantibodies are assumed to be associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). To our knowledge, this is the first evaluation of autoantibodies in human sera of participants with different stages of AMD in a large population-based, observational cohort study in Germany.

Methods
The Gutenberg Health Study (GHS) is a population-based, observational cohort study in Germany, including 15,010 participants aged between 35 and 74. Amongst others, non-mydriatic fundus photography (Visucam PRO NM™, Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Jena, Germany) was performed. Fundus images of the first 5000 participants were graded based on the Rotterdam Eye Study classification. Sera of participants with AMD (n=541) and sera of age-matched participants without AMD (n=490) were analyzed by antigen-microarrays. Besides descriptive statistics, autoantibody-levels were compared by Mann-Whitney-U test and the associations of level of autoantibodies with AMD were calculated by logistic regression analysis. Likewise, possible associations of the autoantibodies and both clinical and laboratory parameters on AMD subjects were analyzed.

Results
Autoantibodies against transferrin (p<0.001) were significantly downregulated in participants with early AMD and soft, distinct drusen (≥63 μm) or pigmentary abnormalities only compared to Controls. Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (p=0.041), glutathione peroxidase 4 (p=0.048), clusterin (p=0.045), lysozyme (p=0.19), protein kinase C substrate 80K-H (p=0.02), heat shock 70 kDa protein 1A (p=0.04) and insulin (p=0.018) show a trend between Control and participants with early AMD and soft, distinct drusen (≥63 μm) or pigmentary abnormalities only.

Conclusions
This study contributes to a growing knowledge of autoantibodies in association with different AMD stages compared to controls in the context of a large population-based study in Germany. Especially autoantibodies against inflammatory proteins were downregulated in participants with early AMD and soft, distinct drusen (≥63 μm) or pigmentary abnormalities only.
Incidence of shoulder disorders in a cohort of healthcare workers from 2009 to 2020
Authors: Iavernig Thomas , Zanette Marta , Miani Andrea , Ronchese Federico , Larese Filon Francesca 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To estimate the incidence of shoulder disorders in a cohort of Health Care Workers (HCWs).

Methods
4406 workers employed from 2009 to 2020, were included in the study. Occupational risk factors and jobs were assessed according to working history. Incident cases were defined in case of shoulder pain associated with functional limitations during the medical examination. The Cox regression model was used to calculate the Hazard Ratio (HR) for different work activities, adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, and previous musculoskeletal injuries, using clerks as the reference category.

Results
The incidence rates of shoulder musculoskeletal disorder for men and women were 13.1 for 1000 person-years (CI 95% 10.6–16.3) and 20.1 for 1000 person-years (CI 95% 17.8–22.6) respectively. The adjusted HR was significantly increased with age (1.06, CI 95% 1.05–1.07), outpatient health activities (2.82, CI 95% 1.89–4.219), and wards health activity (2.37, CI 95% 1.68–3.33).

Conclusion
HCWs with high biomechanical risk such as nurses and healthcare assistants had a higher incidence of shoulder disorders. Actions are needed for better prevention in health care assistance.
Effects of COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric tuberculosis: decrease in notification rates and increase in clinical severity
Authors: Lo Vecchio Andrea , Scarano Sara Maria , Amato Chiara , Spagnuolo Maria Immacolata , Bruzzese Eugenia , Guarino Alfredo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe outbreak of COVID-19 resulted in a decrease in tuberculosis notification rates globally. We compared tuberculosis incidence rates and disease severity in children seen in our centre prior and during COVID-19 pandemic.We performed a cohort study enrolling children aged under 18 years who received a diagnosis of tuberculosis (January 1st, 2010-December 31st, 2021) at our Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit. Disease severity was evaluated based on: the classification proposed by Wiseman et al., smear positivity, presence of symptoms at presentation, lung cavitation, extrapulmonary disease, respiratory failure and need for intensive care support. Overall, 168 children (50.6% female, median age 69 months, IQR 95.4) received a diagnosis of tuberculosis, 156 (92.8%) between 2010–2019, before COVID-19 outbreak, and 12 (7.2%) between 2020–2021, during the pandemic. The annual tuberculosis notification rate dropped by 73% in 2021 (0.38/100000, 95%CI 0.1–0.96) compared with 2019 (1.46/100000, 95%CI 0.84–2.37). Compared to the pre-pandemic period, the proportion of children classified as severe was higher in 2020–2021 (5, 41.6% vs 23, 15.7%, p = 0.006) with a higher rate of respiratory failure (2, 16.7%, vs 4, 2.6%, p = 0.01) and an increased need for intensive care support (1, 8.3% vs 1, 0.6%, p = 0.01). Conclusion: During COVID-19 pandemic we observed a reduction in tuberculosis notification rate in pediatric population and a significant increase in disease severity. This scenario may be the consequence of a delay in diagnosis and an underreporting of cases, rather than the effect of a reduced transmission of tuberculosis. Children reached health-care services only in the need of urgent medical attention.

What is Known:• COVID-19 pandemic had a huge impact on national health care systems, resulting in a reduction of access to medical care.

What is New:• In Campania Region, Italy, a low tuberculosis incidence country, we witnessed a 75% reduction in tuberculosis notification rate during pandemic. In parallel we demonstrated a significant increase in disease severity, suggesting that the reduction in notification rate may be attributed to an underreporting of cases and consequential diagnostic delay, rather than a reduced transmission of infection.
Psychosocial distress in cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy: a prospective national cohort of 1042 patients in Germany
Authors: Fabian Alexander , Rühle Alexander , Domschikowski Justus , Trommer Maike , Wegen Simone , Becker Jan-Niklas , Wurschi Georg , Boeke Simon , Sonnhoff Mathias , Fink Christoph A. , Käsmann Lukas , Schneider Melanie , Bockelmann Elodie , Treppner Martin , Mehnert-Theuerkauf Anja , Krug David , Nicolay Nils H. ,   Young DEGRO Group
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Psychosocial distress is common among cancer patients in general, but those undergoing radiotherapy may face specific challenges. Therefore, we investigated the prevalence and risk factors for distress in a large national cohort.

Methods
We performed a secondary analysis of a multicenter prospective cross-sectional study which surveyed cancer patients at the end of a course of radiotherapy using a patient-reported questionnaire. Distress was measured with the distress thermometer (DT), using a cut-off of ≥ 5 points for clinically significant distress. Univariate analyses and multivariate multiple regression were used to assess associations of distress with patient characteristics. A two-sided p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
Out of 2341 potentially eligible patients, 1075 participated in the study, of which 1042 completed the DT. The median age was 65 years and 49% (511/1042) of patients were female. The mean DT score was 5.2 (SD = 2.6). Clinically significant distress was reported by 63% (766/1042) of patients. Of the patient characteristics that were significantly associated with distress in the univariate analysis, a lower level of education, a higher degree of income loss, lower global quality of life, and a longer duration of radiotherapy in days remained significantly associated with higher distress in the multivariate analysis. Yet effect sizes of these associations were small.

Conclusion
Nearly two in three cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy reported clinically significant distress in a large multicenter cohort. While screening and interventions to reduce distress should be maintained and promoted, the identified risk factors may help to raise awareness in clinical practice.

Trial Registry identifier
DRKS: German Clinical Trial Registry identifier: DRKS00028784.
An image-based meso-scale model for the hygro-mechanical time-dependent analysis of concrete
Authors: Zhang Sen , Hamed Ehab , Song Chongmin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA new computational framework is developed in this paper for investigating the time-dependent behaviour of concrete including creep, shrinkage and cracking. The developed model aims to explain certain aspects of the time-dependent cracking and creep of concrete that cannot be captured using homogeneous models. The model is based on the scaled boundary finite element method, and it is coupled with a quadtree decomposition algorithm which converts digital images of concrete meso-structures into meshes. Concrete is treated as a two-phase composite which consists of elastic aggregates and mortar that is subjected to time-dependent deformation. The basic creep behaviour is treated as viscoelastic, which is modelled based on a rate-type rheological model corresponding to a Kelvin chain. Drying creep is modelled using a viscous unit which depends on the stress level, and drying shrinkage is stress independent. Both drying creep and drying shrinkage are related to the internal humidity. The humidity distribution within concrete is determined using a diffusion analysis. The moisture movement within mortar is governed by a nonlinear diffusion equation, whereas the aggregates are assumed impermeable. The cracking of concrete is explicitly modelled on the meso-scale through coupling of the continuum damage model for cracking within the mortar phase, and the cohesive zone model for debonding between aggregates and mortar. The proposed model is verified by simulating well-documented experimental studies in the literature. The capability of the proposed model in simulating the time-dependent behaviour of concrete and capturing the crack patterns has also been demonstrated.
Circulating retinol and 25(OH)D contents and their association with symptoms in children with chronic tic disorders
Authors: Wang Cheng-Xin , Wang Bing , Sun Jian-Jian , Xiao Chun-Ying , Ma Huan , Jia Fei-Yong , Li Hong-Hua 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe present study measured serum levels of vitamin A (VA) and vitamin D (VD) in children with chronic tic disorders (CTD) and investigated their potential association with CTD and comorbidity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the association of their co-insufficiencies or deficiencies with CTD symptoms. A total of 176 children (131 boys and 45 girls, median age of 9 years) with CTD were recruited as the CTD group. During the same period, 154 healthy children were selected as the healthy control (HC) cohort. Circulating retinol and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels were measured for all participants using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and tandem mass spectrometry. The Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) was employed for the assessment of tic status and CTD impairment. The Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Rating Scale (SNAP-IV) and the Children’s Yale-Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) were used to evaluate comorbidity symptoms. CTD pediatric participants exhibited markedly diminished circulating retinol and 25(OH)D levels compared to HCs. Moreover, VA and VD deficiencies and their co-insufficiencies/deficiencies were more prevalent in CTD participants than HCs. Circulating 25(OH)D levels were inversely proportional to the YGTSS motor tic scores. YGTSS scores in CTD children with only VA or VD insufficiency or deficiency or with VA and VD co-insufficiency/deficiency did not differ from those in CTD children with normal VA and VD. CTD children with comorbid ADHD displayed reduced circulating retinol and 25(OH)D concentrations and elevated prevalence of VD deficiency compared to CTD participants without comorbid ADHD. Lower serum retinol content was intricately linked to the presence of elevated CTD and comorbid ADHD. VA and VD deficiencies and their co-insufficiencies/deficiencies were markedly enhanced in CTD pediatric participants compared to HCs. Lower VA concentration was linked to the presence of enhanced CTD and comorbid ADHD. Therefore, children with CTD, especially with comorbid ADHD, may be at a higher risk of VA or VD deficiency, which may prompt the clinicians to consider whether blood tests for VA and VD in CTD children would be helpful for clinical care.
MPF6D: masked pyramid fusion 6D pose estimation
Authors: Pereira Nuno , Alexandre Luís A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObject pose estimation has multiple important applications, such as robotic grasping and augmented reality. We present a new method to estimate the 6D pose of objects that improves upon the accuracy of current proposals and can still be used in real-time. Our method uses RGB-D data as input to segment objects and estimate their pose. It uses a neural network with multiple heads to identify the objects in the scene, generate the appropriate masks and estimate the values of the translation vectors and the quaternion that represents the objects’ rotation. These heads leverage a pyramid architecture used during feature extraction and feature fusion. We conduct an empirical evaluation using the two most common datasets in the area, and compare against state-of-the-art approaches, illustrating the capabilities of MPF6D. Our method can be used in real-time with its low inference time and high accuracy.