bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Importance of Benchmarking the Gas‐Phase Pyrolysis Reaction in the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane
Authors: Nadjafi Manouchehr , Cui Yifan , Bachl Marlon , Oing Alexander , Donat Felix , Luongo Giancarlo , Abdala Paula M. , Fedorov Alexey , Müller Christoph R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe oxidative dehydrogenation of propane (ODP) proceeds catalytically on a gas‐solid interface (heterogeneous reaction) and/or in the gas phase (homogeneous reaction) via a radical chain process. ODP may therefore combine interrelated contributions from the heterogeneous dehydrogenation and gas‐phase reactions, which can be initiated by a catalyst. This study demonstrates that relatively high propene and ethene selectivities (ca. 80 % and 10 %) and propane conversions (viz., 10 % at 500 °C) can be achieved with an empty quartz reactor, which is comparable to the performances of state‐of‐the‐art ODP catalysts (boron‐based or supported VOx). Optimization of the post‐catalytic volume of a h‐BN catalyst bed tested at 490 °C allows to increase the conversion of propane from 9 % to 15 % at a propene selectivity of 77 %, highlighting this parameter as an important variable for improving catalytic ODP performances.
Asymmetric catalysis by flavin‐dependent halogenases
Authors: Jiang Yuhua , Lewis Jared C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn nature, flavin‐dependent halogenases (FDHs) catalyze site‐selective chlorination and bromination of aromatic natural products. This ability has led to extensive efforts to engineer FDHs for selective chlorination, bromination, and iodination of electron rich aromatic compounds. On the other hand, FDHs are unique among halogenases and haloperoxidases that exhibit catalyst‐controlled site selectivity in that no examples of enantioselective FDH catalysis in natural product biosynthesis have been characterized. Over the past several years, our group has established that FDHs can catalyze enantioselective reactions involving desymmetrization, atroposelective halogenation, and halocyclization. Achieving high activity and selectivity for these reactions has required extensive mutagenesis and mitigation of problems resulting from hypohalous acid generated during FDH catalysis. The single‐component flavin reductase/FDH AetF is unique among the wild type enzyme we have studied in that it provides high activity and selectivity toward several asymmetric transformations. These results highlight the ability of FDH active sites to tolerate different substrate topologies and suggest that they could be useful for a broad range of oxidative halogenations.
A Novel Class of Greenish‐Yellow Emitting Carbon Dots Stimulate Collective Cell Migration and 3D Uptake In Vivo**
Authors: Singh Udisha , Shah Krupa , Kansara Krupa , Kumar Ashutosh , Bhatia Dhiraj 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe present a new class of nitrogen‐doped greenish‐yellow fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) synthesized using a one‐step hydrothermal method. These bright fluorescent nanoparticles have excitation and emission spectra near the red region of the visible light spectrum which is quite useful for bioimaging applications. Using organic molecules like ortho‐phenylenediamine (OPDA), L‐ascorbic acid and urea, yellow fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) were synthesized. We obtained a scalable number of greenish‐yellow CDs having an average size of 3 nm. The CDs show significant emission spectra in the yellow fluorescence region (λem=557 nm). The CDs show remarkable stability in their fluorescence in different pH conditions, ionic stability, photostability as well as thermal stability. These CDs are efficiently uptaken by mammalian cells through the clathrin‐mediated pathway. Apart from in vitro studies, we have also used zebrafish larvae as a 3D in vivo model and showed that CDs were uptaken efficiently by larvae showing maximum accumulation and fluorescence in the yolk sac region and the notochord region. The CDs also offer enhancement in cell proliferation, hence showing the application in wound healing. The fluorescence of CDs is quite robust and is not affected by most external stimuli; therefore can be explored as a promising bioimaging tool for targeted bioimaging and biomedical applications.
High expression of centromere protein N as novel biomarkers for gastric adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Xiaojie , Zhang Keyuan , Fu Cun , Wu Fei , Zhang Junjie , Han Bin , Pan Hai , Luan Lan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe role and mechanism of centromeric protein N (CENP‐N), which has been associated with the development of various cancer types, are yet unclear in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD).MethodsData from the Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype‐Tissue Expression were used to determine whether CENP‐N expression was altered in STAD tumors compared to normal tissues. Xiantao was used to perform Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) enrichment analysis on CENP‐N. The relationship between CENP‐N expression and immune cell infiltration was assessed using TCGA database. The expression of CENP‐N in STAD and surrounding tissues was confirmed using immunohistochemical staining and the correlation between CENP‐N expression and clinicopathological characteristics was examined. The effects of CENP‐N knockdown by siRNA on proliferation were measured by CCK‐8 and EdU assays in AGS cells. Following siRNA transfection, flow cytometry was performed to evaluate cell cycle and apoptotic alterations in AGS cells. The effect of CENP‐N knockdown on the expression level of related proteins was detected by Westren blot.ResultsCENP‐N was highly expressed in STAD tissues, which was confirmed by our immunohistochemistry results. The degree of invasion, TNM stage, and lymph node metastases were all strongly associated with CENP‐N expression. CENP‐N was essential for the cell cycle, DNA replication, chromosomal segregation, and nuclear division; there was a positive correlation between CENP‐N expression and infiltrating Th2 and NK CD56dim cells and a negative correlation between CENP‐N expression and mast, pDC, NK, and B cell infiltration. When CENP‐N expression in AGS cells was knocked down, cell proliferation dramatically reduced (p < .05) and the percentage of cells in the S and G2‐M phases decreased significantly (p < .05). Silencing CENP‐N significantly promoted the apoptosis of AGS cells (p < .05). Mechanistic investigations showed that silencing CENP‐N expression may inhibit STAD proliferation through the Cyclin E1 and promote STAD apoptosis through the Bcl‐2/Bax.ConclusionAccording to our data, CENP‐N acts as an oncogene in STAD and may be a viable therapeutic target.
Toward a Hydrogen‐Free Reductive Catalytic Fractionation of Wheat Straw Biomass**
Authors: Brienza Filippo , Van Aelst Korneel , Devred François , Magnin Delphine , Sels Bert F. , Gerin Patrick , Cybulska Iwona , Debecker Damien P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe reductive catalytic fractionation (RCF) of lignocellulosic biomass is an attractive method for the conversion of lignin toward valuable low‐molecular weight aromatics. A limitation to the upscaling of such technology is represented by the use ofpressurized hydrogen gas. Here, the role of hydrogen gas within the RCF of wheat straw biomass is investigated. The use of H2 is shown to enhance lignin depolymerization, by virtue of an improved hydrogenolysis and hydrogenation of lignin fragments, with a yield of phenolic monomers that increased from ca. 12 wt % of acid‐insoluble lignin in the initial biomass under inert atmosphere to up to ca. 25 wt % under H2 (in methanol, at 250 °C, with Ru/C). The adoption of methanol, ethanol or isopropanol as hydrogen‐donor solvents was also investigated in the absence of H2. Ethanol was found to give the highest yield of monophenolic compounds (up to ≈20 wt %) owing to a better balance between solvolysis, hydrogenolysis, and hydrogenation of lignin. Nevertheless, a substantial loss of the carbohydrate fraction was observed. The use of a lower temperature (200 °C) in combination with H3PO4 resulted in an improved recovery of cellulose in the pulp and in the solubilization of hemicellulose and lignin, with the formation of monosaccharides (≈14 wt % of polysaccharides in the initial biomass) and phenolic monomers (up to 18 wt %, in the absence of H2). Overall, a tradeoff exists between the removal of H2 from the process and the production of low‐molecular weight phenolics during RCF.
Diagnostic utility of fine‐needle aspiration cytology in syphilitic lymphadenitis: A case report
Authors: Yorita Kenji , Ohara Masahiko , Tahara Kazuhiko , Fujioka Ai , Miyazaki Katsushi , Takeda Takashi , Mizuno Keiko , Yasuoka Kaori , Wada Yukari , Tsutsui Hiroyuki 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSyphilis is a sexually transmitted infection that causes serious health problems without treatment. Detection of syphilis is necessary to stop the spread of the infection. Cytological screeners and pathologists may experience fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) for syphilitic lymphadenitis; however, its characteristic cytological features are rarely reported. We present FNAC cytological features of syphilitic lymphadenitis in a case of a 21‐year‐old man. He presented with a sore throat and painful neck lymphadenopathy. His swollen and painful neck persisted even with antibiotic treatment. Necrotizing lymphadenitis and lymphoma were clinically suspected. FNAC was taken from the swollen lymph node. Cytologic findings of the specimen showed various inflammatory cells with small‐sized vessels arranged in a branching/arborizing fashion. The vessels were surrounded by inflammatory cells, including plasma cells, neutrophils, and macrophages. Perivascular plasma cell cuffing was focally seen along with inconspicuous granulomas. Neutrophils appeared to involve the vascular wall. The cytological findings suggested syphilitic lymphadenitis, and clinical findings and serological tests confirmed primary syphilis with concomitant human immunodeficiency virus infection. Branching/arborizing vessels associated with many plasma cells, vascular involvement of neutrophils, and granulomas may suggest syphilitic infection if the specimen is obtained via FNAC. (189 words).
Experimental study on the irreversible displacement evolution and energy dissipation characteristics of disturbance instability of regular joints
Authors: Yang Jianan , Fan Pengxian , Wang Mingyang , Li Jie , Dong Lu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTo investigate the disturbance‐induced shear instability mechanism of structural catastrophe in the deep rock mass, MTS 815 material testing machine was used to carry out quasi‐static loading tests and disturbance shear tests on symmetrical regular dentate joints of two materials at three undulation angles under specific initial static stress, disturbance frequency, and peak value. The test results indicate that: (i) the total ultimate instability displacement is only related to the intrinsic properties of the joints but not to the initial static stress and disturbance parameters; (ii) the cumulative irreversible displacement required for the disturbance instability conforms to the logistic inverse function relationship with the number of disturbances, displaying the variation trend of “rapid increase in the front, stable in the middle, and sudden increase in the rear”; (iii) the accumulation of plastic deformation energy is consistent with the evolution law of irreversible displacement of joints and the overall proportion of hysteretic energy is not large; (iv) the dissipated energy required for the instability of each group of joints is basically the same under various disturbance conditions, and this energy is mainly controlled by the initial shear stress and has no connection with the disturbance parameters. The stability of the total disturbance deformation and the disturbance energy law of the joints revealed in the tests provide data support for reasonably determining the disturbance instability criterion of joints.
Effect of Tocopherol/Sesamol on the Physical Stability and Bioactivity of Oil‐in‐Water Emulsions of Different Oil Types
Authors: Guo Xin , Shi Longkai , Heng Joseph , Sun Xiaotian , Liang Li , Liu Ruijie , Chang Ming , Wang Xingguo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLipid‐based delivery systems are widely used to incorporate chemicals with poor solubility. The influence of tocopherol and sesamol on emulsion delivery systems, including their bioactivity, is not well‐known. Herein, the overall aim of this study is to understand the effect of tocopherol and sesamol on the physical stability and bioactivity of various emulsions comprised of oil (medium chain triglyceride, coconut oil, palm oil) with different carbon chain lengths using theC. elegansmodel. All emulsions show good physical stability; droplet size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and microstructure are relatively constant over the incubation time. Tocopherol and sesamol show the greatest bioactivity (greater lipid‐lowering effect and in vivo antioxidant activity) in emulsions fabricated with palm oil. Knowledge on emulsion stability and bioactivity is important for delivery systems in the food industry involving tocopherol, sesamol, and other related bioactive compounds.
Microdroplet anodic stripping voltammetry at the in situ preparing antimony‐modified rotating disk electrode for determination of Cd(II) and Pb(II)
Authors: Huo Ranran , Liu Lin , Chanthasa Chanika , Okazaki Takuya , Sazawa Kazuto , Sugawara Kazuharu , Kuramitz Hideki 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA simple electroanalytical method for Cd(II) and Pb(II) detection based on differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPSV) with in situ prepared antimony‐modified glassy carbon rotating disk electrode (in situ Sb‐GC‐RDE) was developed. The electrochemical detection was performed in a microdroplet (50 μL) of 0.01 M hydrochloric acid that is placed between the electrode surface (top) and a Parafilm®‐covered glass slide to maintain a hydrophobic surface (bottom). This method includes a preconcentration process using a membrane filter (MF). The target metal ions were complexed with 1‐(2‐pyridylazo)‐2‐naphthol (PAN) as a chelating agent, which was accumulated on the MF via filtration. The RDE microdroplet anodic stripping voltammetry was suitable for the elution and determination of metal ions accumulated on the MF. The in situ preparation of antimony‐modified electrode allows the use of common GC electrode with high performance. The detection limits for Cd(II) and Pb(II) were 1.4 and 1.1 μg/L, respectively. The proposed method was successfully used in natural water samples for the simultaneous determination of Cd(II) and Pb(II).
Advances of sulfide‐type solid‐state batteries with negative electrodes: Progress and perspectives
Authors: Jeong Seonghun , Li Yuankai , Sim Woo Hyeong , Mun Junyoung , Kim Jung Kyu , Jeong Hyung Mo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAll‐solid‐state battery (ASSB) technology is the focus of considerable interest owing to their safety and the fact that their high energy density meets the requirements of emerging battery applications, such as electric vehicles and energy storage systems (ESSs). In light of this, current research on high‐energy ASSBs harnesses the benefits of solid‐state battery systems by employing anode materials with high energy densities. Owing to the excellent physical safety of solid electrolytes, it is possible to build a battery with high energy density by using high‐energy negative electrode materials and decreasing the amount of electrolyte in the battery system. Sulfide‐based ASSBs with high ionic conductivity and low physical contact resistance is recently receiving considerable attention. This review provides a summary on various anode materials for ASSBs operating under electrochemically reducing conditions from the perspective of electrochemical and physical safety. The electrochemical and physical properties of sulfide electrolytes used for lithium (Li) metal and particle‐type anode materials are presented, as well as strategies for mitigating interfacial failures in solid‐state cells through interlayer and electrode design.image
Ictal blinking triggered by isolated spikes as the only manifestation of seizures
Authors: Katyal Roohi , Jamal‐Omidi Shirin , Kubota Takafumi , Garcia‐Losarcos Naiara , Luders Hans 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo describe blinking as the only manifestation of seizures from isolated focal and generalized cortical spikes and investigate the relationship between blinks and epileptic discharges.MethodsWe measured the latency from the onset of spikes to the onset of blinks in two patients using electroencephalogram (EEG) and an electrooculogram (EOG), and calculated the median latency in both cases. We analyzed the latency from spike onset to the onset of additional specific eye movements, seen only in the second case. To determine the frequency of spontaneous blinks (not triggered by spikes), we defined a “control point” at 45 s following a random spike for the first case. We tested for statistically significant associations between latencies of blinks (Case 1) as well as between latencies of blinks and specific eye movements (Case 2).ResultsA total of 174 generalized spike‐waves followed by a blink were analyzed in the first patient. Approximately 61% of the blinks occurred within 150–450 ms after the onset of the spike. Median latency for blinks following a spike was 294 ms compared to 541 ms for control blinks (p = .02). For the second patient, a total of 160 eye movements following a right occipito‐parietal spike were analyzed. The median spike‐blink latency in the second case was 497 milliseconds. Median latencies of spike onset to contralateral oblique eye movements with blink and left lateral eye movements were 648 and 655 milliseconds, respectively.ConclusionsOur study shows that isolated cortical spikes can induce epileptic seizures consisting exclusively of blinks. These findings emphasize the importance of careful EEG and EOG analysis to determine blinking as the only ictal phenomenon. We additionally describe a new technique to prove the temporal relationship between cortical discharges and a specific movement when, in addition to the movements triggered by a spike, the same movement is also spontaneously performed by the patient (in this case, blinking).
Annual and decadal net morphological displacement of a small gravel‐bed channel
Authors: Wlodarczyk Kyle , Hassan Marwan A. , Church Michael 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe sediment supplied to a stream channel impacts the morphological trends experienced by that channel, and the long‐term trends are important to understand for many riverine applications. We introduce the term ‘net morphological displacement’ (NMD) to denote the net channel change revealed by the morphological method over multiple sediment transport events to make the concept more explicit for river management and use it to determine equilibrium or disequilibrium states. This study explores the morphological response of East Creek, a small threshold gravel‐bed channel in the Coast Mountains of British Columbia, Canada, to variations in flow and sediment supply at multiple spatial and temporal scales over 15 years. High‐resolution topographic data (HRTD) of the bed were combined with cross‐sectional surveys of the banks to determine the sediment supply that the channel responded to annually. The level of detection used to remove noise associated with HRTD was calibrated using an independent tracer stone dataset. The net effects from multiple floods caused distributions of bed elevation change to generally follow the log‐normal distribution, and mean depths of erosion and deposition were predominantly similar between morphological units. At the reach scale, the various reaches of East Creek responded differently to the same hydrological events due to the impacts from the varying supply conditions on the NMD. Shorter measurement periods would have resulted in inconclusive information that does not show the long‐term morphological trends of the channel. Determination of these trends can take years or decades, depending on the time and space scales of change, but there is generally a lack of long‐term channel monitoring programmes, notably after river restoration. More long‐term channel monitoring programmes are required to assess restoration projects and ensure their long‐term sustainability.
A privacy‐preserving model for blockchain‐based data sharing in the industrial internet
Authors: Xue Yudai , Wang Jinsong , Shi Kai , Zhang Hongwei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInformation technology is an important direction for the development of traditional industries. With the in‐depth study of the industrial internet and blockchain technology in recent years, data‐sharing based on blockchain has become an important means to achieve industrial internet interconnection and has played an important role in achieving production efficiency and product quality. However, the transparency of blockchain can raise privacy issues, and competitors may engage in malicious competition due to the exposure of blockchain transactions. Therefore, based on the general blockchain system, this article unifies the scale of value of data sharing by introducing a token exchange mechanism as a basis for privacy‐preserving mechanisms. Based on smart contracts, a token mixer anonymizes shared participants. By introducing a ring signature scheme with smart contracts, we provide group‐oriented authentication for anonymous identities participating in data sharing and ensure data flow within a controlled range. The abovementioned mechanism provides a feasible solution for the privacy‐preserving requirement of data sharing among industrial entities and could encourage industrial entities to participate in data sharing, supporting the goals of interconnection in the industrial internet.
Optimization of soaking conditions (temperature and time) on physicochemical properties of selected parboiled rice varieties grown in Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Ahmed Ziad , Forsido Sirawdink Fikreyesus , Kuyu Chala G. , Keyata Ebisa Olika 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to optimize soaking temperature and time for better physicochemical properties of parboiled rice varieties grown in Eastern Ethiopia. Two brown rice varieties (NERICA‐4 and NERICA‐6) were collected from the Somali Regional Agricultural and Pastoral Research Center in Gode. The experiment was designed to aid the design expert software using box–behnken experimental design of response surface methodology to optimize the effects of soaking temperature (60–70°C) and soaking time (4–6 h). Relevant physical and chemical composition properties of the parboiled rice varieties were investigated using standard methods. Numerical optimization of the responses was performed using design expert software. The results showed that soaking time and temperature significantly (p < .05) influenced the physicochemical quality of studied brown rice varieties. The optimal soaking temperature and time were 65°C and 6 h, respectively, for NERICA‐4. Under these conditions, the optimum response variables obtained were 375.37 N, 52 min, 12.3%, 1.24%, 13.86%, 2.17%, 3.2942%, 67.1171%, 343.5 kcal/100 g, 274.72 mg/100 g, 318.35 mg/100 g, and 268.31 mg/100 g for hardness, cooking time, moisture, ash, protein, fat, fiber, carbohydrate, energy, magnesium, and potassium and phosphorous content, respectively. However, 65°C and 5 h were optimum soaking temperatures and time for NERICA‐6, giving hardness, cooking time, moisture, ash, protein, fat, fiber, carbohydrate, energy content, magnesium, potassium, and phosphorous of 375.18 N, 52 min, 12.2%, 1.4%, 11.54%, 2.29%, 2.89%, 69.6%, 345.42 kcal/100 g, 156 mg/100 g, 105.9 mg/100 g and 136.9 mg/100 g, respectively. The findings showed that rice varieties, in particular NARICA 4, were processed under optimal parboiling conditions in the study setting for better physical properties, proximate composition, and mineral content.