bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In situ resin‐injection approach for repairing barely visible impact damaged carbon‐fiber reinforced epoxy laminates: Optimizing the repair parameters using Taguchi method
Authors: Lai W. L. , Saeedipour H. , Wong W. L. E. , Goh K. L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA new portable resin injection device has been developed to repair barely visible impact damage (BVID) in carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates. Repair was conducted on damaged 16‐ and 24‐ply laminates at two different ambient pressures, that is, atmospheric pressure and vacuum, using three different adhesive types, that is, neat epoxy, epoxy blended with respective halloysite nanotubes (E1HNT) and carbon nanotubes (NF100). The repair effectiveness was assessed by infrared thermography and in‐plane compression testing. All damaged laminates suffered significant degradation in fracture properties as compared to pristine laminates. According to Taguchi method, the main factor affecting the repair efficiency is the laminate ply number. The findings revealed that the optimal repair parameters corresponds to using neat epoxy or E1HNT in vacuum could restore the elastic properties and using E1HNT adhesive at atmospheric pressure could restore the fracture properties of damaged 16‐ply laminate after repair. Regardless of repair parameters, the repair efficiency for the mechanical properties of 24‐ply laminates revealed minimal restoration to the laminate pristine conditions after repairing the damaged laminates due to the complexity of BVID for allowing the adhesive to infiltrate and filled the crack structures. The choice of repair parameters was discussed based on the effectiveness of restoring elastic and fracture properties.
Quasi‐static compression behavior and crashworthiness of GLARE laminate conical frustum with progressive circular and square cut‐outs
Authors: Logesh K. , Hariharasakthisudhan P. , Bright Renjin J. , Kannan Sathish , Khalkar V. , Sundaraiah N. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe design of structures using advanced composite materials such as fiber metal laminate requires an in‐depth understanding of their deformation behavior and response to the discontinuities in the structures. In the present study, a GLARE kind of fiber metal laminate in 2/1 configuration was fabricated in the form of conical frustum. Three cut‐outs of two different shapes such as circular and square were intentionally made at the center of the frustum at an angular distance of 120°. The quasi‐static compression test was conducted to determine the crashworthiness characteristics of laminate frustums with cut‐out and the results were compared with perfect frustum. The study showed that the laminate with cut‐out undergone for inward buckling near the discontinuities. Apart from that, the delamination and outward buckling were noted in the edges of the cut‐outs. The energy absorption of laminate frustum with circular cut‐outs was observed to be better than square cut‐outs. The performance of laminate frustums with cut‐outs was ranked using Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution technique. A finite element analysis was carried out to simulate the deformation behavior of laminate frustum with cut‐outs and the numerical results of deformation mode closely represented the experimental results.
Review: Syntheses of poly(lactic acid)s and their block copolymers for drug delivery applications
Authors: Oktavia Linda W. , Bégué Didier , Campana Patricia Targon , Hiorns Roger C. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSince the advent of supporting matrices for biological applications, many types of drugs have been administered via various forms of conventional drug delivery preparations, such as pills, solutions, creams, suppositories, injected gels and so on. Key parameters to all these systems for effective drug delivery are controlled release for sustained periods, targeted delivery, and enhancements of drug stability and efficacy, all of which can be manipulated by using polymers. Given the important impact of the structures of the polymers on these parameters, this mini‐review gives a simple introduction to the requirements of drug delivery systems and surveys the synthetic pathways to a key polymer in this field, namely poly(lactic acid). We also review the preparation of block copolymers that incorporate poly(lactic acid), to expand and further develop its properties for drug delivery systems. It is hoped that this short teacherly and introductory review will provide a basic stepping‐stone to more in‐depth reviews and papers and enable an easy access to this fast growing field. © 2023 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Physical fitness trajectories from childhood to adolescence in extremely preterm children: A longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Praprotnik Marina , Stucin Gantar Irena , Krivec Uros , Lucovnik Miha , Rodman Berlot Jasna , Starc Gregor 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveCohort studies on physical fitness (PF) in former extremely preterm children are scarce and yield conflicting results. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effect of extremely preterm birth on PF in school‐age with a focus on bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).MethodsEighty school‐aged children were enrolled in the longitudinal cohort study. Fifty were born extremely preterm (<completed 28 weeks of gestation): 19 had BPD, and 31 did not; 30 term‐born healthy children were included as controls. They were monitored annually throughout primary school (ages 7–14 years) with eight annual fitness testings within the Slovenian national surveillance system of children's somatic and motor development (SLOfit). The physical fitness index (PFI), calculated as the mean of percentiles of eight fitness tests, was used as an indicator of overall PF. Generalised estimating equations were used to compare changes in PFI between ages 7 and 14 in the three cohort groups: preterm children with BPD, preterm children without BPD and term controls.ResultsPreterm children with BPD had significantly and persistently lower PFI than preterm children without BPD and term‐born children throughout primary school age. Their PFI was less than half that of national median values (15.1st–19.7th percentile). Preterm children without BPD experienced progressive improvement in PFI during their school age (from 32.6th to 44.7th percentile of national median PFI values), while the ones with BPD did not.ConclusionExtreme prematurity per se is not a risk factor for lower PF at school age. However, if complicated by BPD, PF is significantly and sustainably reduced.
Target identification and acaricidal activity difference of amitraz and its metabolite DPMF in Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval)
Authors: Cai Ping , Zhang Yuanyuan , Yang Mu , Zhang Chenghao , Li Mingxia , Xiao Wei , Xu Zhifeng , Zhang Yongqiang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDAmitraz is a broad‐spectrum formamidine acaricide proven to be effective against mites in all development stages. Under acidic conditions, amitraz is hydrolyzed to N2‐(2,4‐dimethylphenyl)‐N1‐methyformamidine (DPMF), an active metabolite for mite control. Octopamine and tyramine receptors are well known targets of amitraz. Until now, no research has been conducted about the amitraz target in Tetranychus cinnabarinus. This study aimed to identify the target genes of amitraz in T. cinnabarinus and reveal the mechanisms behind the differential acaricidal activities of amitraz and DPMF.RESULTSAnalysis of the toxicity, stress expression, target sensitivity and binding site of amitraz against T. cinnabarinus showed that TcOctβ2R was the main target gene of amitraz. DPMF had more potent acaricidal activity against T. cinnabarinus and was more effective at activating TcOctβ2R than amitraz. Furthermore, the three synergists had no significant effect on amitraz and DPMF, indicating that the detoxification metabolism was not related to the difference in acaricidal activity.CONCLUSIONIn this study, TcOctβ2R was identified as the main target gene of amitraz against T. cinnabarinus. The divergence of target binding was responsible for the difference in acaricidal activity between amitraz and DPMF. The results also revealed the physiological and pharmacological functions of octopamine receptors (OARs) in T. cinnabarinus and could provide a basis for the design of new acaricides, with OARs as a special target. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Cognitive protection of sinomenine in type 2 diabetes mellitus through regulating the EGF/Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling, the microbiota‐gut‐brain axis, and hippocampal neuron ferroptosis
Authors: Chen Ji , Guo Peng , Han Mingming , Chen Kemin , Qin Jie , Yang Fengrui 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRecent years have witnessed a growing research interest in traditional Chinese medicine as a neuroprotective nutrient in the management of diabetic cognitive dysfunction. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of sinomenine in mediating ferroptosis of hippocampal neurons have been poorly understood. This study sought to decipher the potential effect and molecular mechanism of sinomenine in the cognitive dysfunction following type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Multi‐omics analysis was conducted to identify the microbiota‐gut‐brain axis in T2DM patient samples obtained from the publicly available database. In HT‐22 cells, erastin was utilized to create a ferroptosis model, and streptozotocin was injected intraperitoneally to create a rat model of DM. It was noted that intestinal flora imbalance occurred in patients with T2DM‐associated cognitive dysfunction. Sinomenine could reduce Erastin‐induced hippocampus neuronal ferroptosis by increasing EGF expression. EGF protected hippocampal neurons against ferroptosis by activating the Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling pathway. Furthermore, in vivo results confirmed that sinomenine blocked ferroptosis of hippocampal neurons and alleviated cognitive dysfunction in T2DM rats. Collectively, these results suggest that sinomenine confers neuroprotective effects by curtailing hippocampal neuron ferroptosis via the EGF/Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling and microbiota‐gut‐brain axis. It may be a candidate for the treatment of diabetic cognitive dysfunction.
Severe heart failure due to peripartum cardiomyopathy
Authors: Michimata Haruhiko , Sumi Toshiyuki , Nagayama Daiki , Koshino Yuta , Watanabe Hiroki , Yamada Yuichi , Chiba Hirofumi 
Published: April 2023

Key messagePerinatal cardiomyopathy presents similarly to dilated cardiomyopathy and should be suspected in perinatal women presenting with dyspnoea, even with no previous history of heart disease.
Enhanced Interfacial Magnetization is Responsible for the Negative Capacity Fading of Cobalt Ditelluride Anodes for Lithium Storage
Authors: Fan Huilin , Zhou Guangyu , Li Jinliang , Zhao Yanyan , Bai Lu , Chang Huaiqiu , Zheng Runguo , Wang Zhiyuan , Liu Yanguo , Sun Hongyu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), the stabilized capacities of transition metal compound anodes usually exhibit higher values than their theoretical values due to the interfacial charge storage, the formation of reversible electrolyte‐derived surface layer, or interfacial magnetization. But the effectively utilizing the mechanisms to achieve novel anodes is rarely explored. Herein, a novel nanosized cobalt ditelluride (CoTe2) anodes with ultra‐high capacity and long term stability is reported. Electrochemical tests show that the lithium storage capacity of the best sample reaches 1194.7 mA h g−1 after 150 cycles at 0.12 A g−1, which increases by 57.8% compared to that after 20 cycles. In addition, the sample offers capacities of 546.6 and 492.1 mA h g−1 at 0.6 and 1.8 A g−1, respectively. During cycles, CoTe2 particles (average size 20 nm) are gradually pulverized into the smaller nanoparticles (<3 nm), making the magnetization more fully due to the larger contact area of Co/Li2Te interface, yielding an increased capacity. The negative capacity fading is observed, and verified by ex situ structural characterizations and in situ electrochemical measurements. The proposed strategy can be further extended to obtain other high‐performance ferromagnetic metal based electrodes for energy storage applications.
Analysis of the flexural response of hybrid reinforced concrete beams with localized reinforcement corrosion
Authors: Berrocal Carlos G. , Chen E , Löfgren Ingemar , Lundgren Karin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a modeling approach to analyze the flexural response of hybrid reinforced concrete beams with localized corrosion. A new mechanical model based on extensive uniaxial testing is proposed to describe the stress–strain relationship of corroded bars with a single pit. The proposed mechanical model is then incorporated into a sectional analysis to determine the moment curvature relationship of hybrid reinforced concrete sections with pitting corrosion. The actual crack pattern is used to divide a beam into discrete hinge elements which are then combined to compute the load–deflection response of statically determinate beams. The modeling approach is evaluated with available experimental data showing good predictive capabilities. A parametric study revealed the importance of the interaction between the tensile reinforcement ratio and the concrete postcracking residual stress. Furthermore, the deformation capacity of reinforcement bars with pitting corrosion levels beyond 0.25 was shown to have a dominant effect on the ultimate deflection of hybrid reinforced concrete beams.
Technical debt in systems engineering—A systematic literature review
Authors: Kleinwaks Howard , Batchelor Ann , Bradley Thomas H. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe metaphor of “technical debt” is used in software engineering to describe technical solutions that may be pragmatic in the near‐term but may have a negative long‐term impact. Similar decisions and similar dynamics are present in the field of systems engineering. This work investigates the current body of knowledge to identify if, and how, the technical debt metaphor is used within the systems engineering field and which systems engineering lifecycle stages are most susceptible to technical debt. A systematic literature review was conducted on 354 papers in February 2022, of which 18 were deemed relevant for inclusion in the study. The results of the systematic literature review show that the technical debt metaphor is not prevalent within systems engineering research and that existing research is limited to specific fields and theoretical discussions. This paper concludes with recommendations for future work to establish a research agenda on the identification and management of technical debt within systems engineering.
The Coexistent Temporalities: Multilayered Ethics in Birth Cohort Studies
Authors: Parhi Katariina 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe chapter analyzes how the ethical guidelines and prescriptions guiding cohort studies have changed from the mid-1960s to the present and asks how a cohort research community has adjusted to these changes. Birth cohort studies, due to their extensive use of human subjects and their usually extended length, are particularly well suited for investigating the issue. The case through which the issue is tackled is the Northern Finland Birth Cohorts 1966 and 1986 (NFBC). Launched in 1965, the NFBC initially comprised 12,231 children and their mothers. The second birth cohort was started in 1985. It consisted of 9,479 children and their mothers. The main finding of the chapter is that the NFBC scientists share a similar understanding of research ethics, an understanding that acknowledges past circumstances in epidemiological knowledge-production but also constantly seeks to adjust to changes in research ethics. Their understanding of ethical research is thus temporally multi-layered. The history of research ethics in birth cohort studies offers a way to examine how epidemiological knowledge-production has been governed and affected by temporality.
Probabilistic Tsunami Risk Assessment from Incomplete and Uncertain Historical Impact Records: Mediterranean and Connected Seas
Authors: Triantafyllou Ι. , Papadopoulos G. A. , Kijko A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTsunami risk is considered as the probability of a particular coastline being struck by a tsunami that may cause a certain level of impact (destructiveness). The impact metric of a tsunami is expressed in terms of tsunami intensity values, K, assigned on a 12-degree scale. To calculate tsunami risk we are based on the tsunami history of the region codified in tsunami catalogues. The probabilistic model adopted was used successfully for hazard assessment of earthquakes (Kijko et al. in Bull Seismol Soc Am 79:645–654, 2016) and of tsunamis (Smit et al. in Environmetrics 30:e2566, 2019) by considering seismic magnitude and tsunami height as metrics of the respective hazards. In this model, instead of hazard metrics we inserted risk metric, i.e. wave impact in terms of intensity values. The procedure allows utilization of the entire data set consisting not only from the complete (recent) part of tsunami catalogue but also from the highly incomplete and uncertain historical part of the catalogue. Risk is assessed in terms of probabilities of exceedance and return periods of certain intensity values in specific time frames. We applied the model using catalogues for the Mediterranean and connected seas. Sensitivity analysis showed that using complete data sets generally provided more realistic results than using entire data sets. Results indicated that the risk level depends on the seismicity level and not on the size of individual ocean basin. The highest tsunami risk level was found in the eastern Mediterranean (EM), with a significantly lower risk in the western Mediterranean (WM). In the Marmara Sea (MS), the tsunami risk was low, and the lowest was in the Black Sea (BS). The risk in the small Corinth Gulf (CG, Central Greece) was comparable to that of WM. The return period of damaging tsunamis (i.e. K ≥ 7) was 22 years in the entire Mediterranean basin and 31, 118, 135, 424, and 1660 years in the EM, WM, CG, MS, and BS basins, respectively.
Climate transition risk in determining credit risk: evidence from firms listed on the STOXX Europe 600 index
Authors: Ramos-García Daniel , López-Martín Carmen , Arguedas-Sanz Raquel 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper assesses whether a climate factor is relevant to measure default risk in a sample of main companies listed on the STOXX Europe 600 exchange from 2010 to 2020. The starting point is a factorial panel data model which is subsequently modified to capture the climate impact through different functional forms. We find that relevant differences in default risk exist before and after the Paris Agreement. Our analysis also indicates that this difference cannot be explained by means of traditional financial factors. Finally, we further show that a climate change risk and opportunities label is a significant factor in evaluating credit risk, both prior to and post-Paris agreement. These results are important to the extent that they suggest that companies' market performance itself allows to measure differences in credit risk between companies and to link them with climate risk factors. This approach may be useful as a complement or in combination with the traditional use of exogenous climate factors that have been widely used in the literature in this field.
Free decay and excitation of the chandler wobble: self-consistent estimates of the period and quality factor
Authors: Chen Wei , Chen Yifei , Ray Jim , Luo Jiesi , Li Jian Cheng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe period TCW and quality factor QCW of the Chandler wobble (CW) as well as polar motion (PM) transfer functions are all determined by the Earth’s layered structure, mass distribution, elasticity, rheology and energy dissipation, via the Earth’s dynamic figure parameters and complex degree-2 Love numbers. However, most previous studies used geophysical excitations derived from real-valued PM transfer functions to invert for TCW and QCW, thus leading to results that are not self-consistent. By separating the observed PM into the freely decaying CW and the excited PM, a traverse-based method is proposed to search values of TCW and QCW that can fit both sides simultaneously, yielding the self-consistent estimates of TCW = 430.4 mean solar days and QCW = 130. This implies the degree-2 tidal Love number k = 0.35011 − 0.00226i and load Love number k' =  − 0.36090 + 0.00233i, and the PM transfer functions TNL = 1.80001 − 0.00692i (non-loading) and TL = 1.15040 − 0.00023i (loading) valid at the Chandler period.
DA_2DCHROM — a data alignment tool for applications on real GC × GC–TOF samples
Authors: Ladislavová Nikola , Pojmanová Petra , Urban Štěpán 
Published: April 2023

AbstractComprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC × GC–MS) has great potential for analyses of complicated mixtures and sample matrices, due to its separation power and possible high resolution. The second component of the measurement results, the mass spectra, is reproducible. However, the reproducibility of two-dimensional chromatography is affected by many factors and makes the evaluation of long-term experiments or cross-laboratory collaborations complicated. This paper presents a new open-source data alignment tool to tackle the problem of retention time shifts — with 5 different algorithms implemented: BiPACE 2D, DISCO, MSort, PAM, and TNT-DA, along with Pearson’s correlation and dot product as optional methods for mass spectra comparison. The implemented data alignment algorithms and their variations were tested on real samples to demonstrate the functionality of the presented tool. The suitability of each implemented algorithm for significantly/non-significantly shifted data was discussed on the basis of the results obtained. For the evaluation of the “goodness” of the alignment, Kolmogorov–Smirnov test values were calculated, and comparison graphs were generated. The DA_2DChrom is available online with its documentation, fully open-sourced, and the user can use the tool without the need of uploading their data to external third-party servers.
Graphical Abstract
Dynamic Programming Principle for Classical and Singular Stochastic Control with Discretionary Stopping
Authors: De Angelis Tiziano , Milazzo Alessandro 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe prove the dynamic programming principle (DPP) in a class of problems where an agent controls a d-dimensional diffusive dynamics via both classical and singular controls and, moreover, is able to terminate the optimisation at a time of her choosing, prior to a given maturity. The time-horizon of the problem is random and it is the smallest between a fixed terminal time and the first exit time of the state dynamics from a Borel set. We consider both the cases in which the total available fuel for the singular control is either bounded or unbounded. We build upon existing proofs of DPP and extend results available in the traditional literature on singular control (Haussmann and Suo in SIAM J Control Optim 33(3):916–936, 1995; SIAM J Control Optim 33(3):937–959, 1995) by relaxing some key assumptions and including the discretionary stopping feature. We also connect with more general versions of the DPP (e.g., Bouchard and Touzi in SIAM J Control Optim 49(3):948–962, 2011) by showing in detail how our class of problems meets the abstract requirements therein.
$$L_p$$–$$L_q$$-Theory for a Quasilinear Non-isothermal Westervelt Equation
Authors: Wilke Mathias 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe investigate a quasilinear system consisting of the Westervelt equation from nonlinear acoustics and Pennes bioheat equation, subject to Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions. The concept of maximal regularity of type $$L_p$$

L
p

–$$L_q$$

L
q

is applied to prove local and global well-posedness. Moreover, we show by a parameter trick that the solutions regularize instantaneously. Finally, we compute the equilibria of the system and investigate the long-time behaviour of solutions starting close to equilibria.