bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eine bio‐inspirierte aerob‐hydrophobe Janus‐Schnittstelle auf teilweise karbonisierten Eisenheterostrukturen fördert die bifunktionale Stickstofffixierung
Authors: Zong Wei , Gao Haiqi , Ouyang Yue , Chu Kaibin , Guo Hele , Zhang Leiqian , Zhang Wei , Chen Ruwei , Dai Yuhang , Guo Fei , Zhu Jiexin , Zhang Zhenfang , Ye Chumei , Miao Yue‐E. , Hofkens Johan , Lai Feili , Liu Tianxi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDie überwältigende Konkurrenz durch Wasserstoff/Sauerstoff‐Entwicklungsreaktionen und die geringe Löslichkeit von N2 in wässrigen Systemen beeinträchtigen die Selektivität und Aktivität bei der Stickstofffixierungsreaktion. Hier entwerfen wir eine aerob‐hydrophobe Janus‐Struktur, indem wir eine fluorierte Modifikation auf porösen Kohlenstoff‐Nanofasern einführen, die in teilweise karbonisierte Eisen‐Heterokontakte (Fe3C/Fe@PCNF‐F) eingebettet sind. Die Simulationen zeigen, dass die Janus‐Struktur die interne Fe3C/Fe@PCNF‐F vor Wassereindringung schützen und einen N2‐Molekül‐konzentrierenden Effekt verleihen kann. Dadurch werden konkurrierende Reaktionen unterdrückt und die Massentransferbeschränkungen überwunden, um einen robusten “quasi‐fest‐gasförmigen” Mikrobereich um die Katalysatoroberfläche herum zu bilden. In diesem Proof‐of‐Concept‐System zeigt Fe3C/Fe@PCNF‐F eine hervorragende elektrokatalytische Leistung für die Stickstofffixierung (NH3‐Ausbeute von bis zu 29.2 μg h−1 mg−1Kat. und faradayscher Wirkungsgrad (FE) von bis zu 27.8 % im NRR; NO3− Ausbeute bis zu 15.7 μg h−1 mg−1Kat. und FE bis zu 3.4 % in NOR).
Chemical Communication and Protocell‐Matrix Dynamics in Segregated Colloidosome Micro‐Colonies
Authors: Taylor Hannah , Gao Ning , Mann Stephen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDespite an emerging catalogue of collective behaviours in communities of homogeneously distributed cell‐like objects, microscale protocell colonies with spatially segregated populations have received minimal attention. Here, we use microfluidics to fabricate Janus‐like calcium alginate hydrogel microspheres with spatially partitioned populations of enzyme‐containing inorganic colloidosomes and investigate their potential as integrated platforms for domain‐mediated chemical communication and programmable protocell‐matrix dynamics. Diffusive chemical signalling within the segregated communities gives rise to increased initial enzyme kinetics compared with a homogeneous distribution of protocells. We employ competing enzyme‐mediated hydrogel crosslinking and decrosslinking reactions in different domains of the partitioned colonies to undertake selective expulsion of a specific protocell population from the community. Our results offer new possibilities for the design and construction of spatially organized cytomimetic consortia capable of endogenous chemical processing and protocell‐environment interactivity.
Antioxidant and Prooxidant Nanozymes: From Cellular Redox Regulation to Next‐Generation Therapeutics
Authors: Singh Namrata , Sherin G. R. , Mugesh Govindasamy 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNanozymes, nanomaterials with enzyme‐mimicking activity, have attracted tremendous interest in recent years owing to their ability to replace natural enzymes in various biomedical applications, such as biosensing, therapeutics, drug delivery, and bioimaging. In particular, the nanozymes capable of regulating the cellular redox status by mimicking the antioxidant enzymes in mammalian cells are of great therapeutic significance in oxidative‐stress‐mediated disorders. As the distinction of physiological oxidative stress (oxidative eustress) and pathological oxidative stress (oxidative distress) occurs at a fine borderline, it is a great challenge to design nanozymes that can differentially sense the two extremes in cells, tissues and organs and mediate appropriate redox chemical reactions. In this Review, we summarize the advances in the development of redox‐active nanozymes and their biomedical applications. We primarily highlight the therapeutic significance of the antioxidant and prooxidant nanozymes in various disease model systems, such as cancer, neurodegeneration, and cardiovascular diseases. The future perspectives of this emerging area of research and the challenges associated with the biomedical applications of nanozymes are described.
An Electrochemical Strategy to Synthesize Disilanes and Oligosilanes from Chlorosilanes**
Authors: Guan Weiyang , Lu Lingxiang , Jiang Qifeng , Gittens Alexandra F. , Wang Yi , Novaes Luiz F. T. , Klausen Rebekka S. , Lin Song 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSilanes are important compounds in industrial and synthetic chemistry. Here, we develop a general approach for the synthesis of disilanes as well as linear and cyclic oligosilanes via the reductive activation of readily available chlorosilanes. The efficient and selective generation of silyl anion intermediates, which are arduous to achieve by other means, allows for the synthesis of various novel oligosilanes by heterocoupling. In particular, this work presents a modular synthesis for a variety of functionalized cyclosilanes, which may give rise to materials with distinct properties from linear silanes but remain challenging synthetic targets. In comparison to the traditional Wurtz coupling, our method features milder conditions and improved chemoselectivity, broadening the functional groups that are compatible in oligosilane preparation. Computational studies support a mechanism whereby differential activation of sterically and electronically distinct chlorosilanes are achieved in an electrochemically driven radical‐polar crossover mechanism.
Multimodal Self‐sustainable Autonomous Locomotions of Light‐driven Seifert Ribbon Actuators based on Liquid Crystal Elastomers
Authors: Nie Zhen‐Zhou , Wang Meng , Huang Shuai , Liu Zhi‐Yang , Yang Hong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMultimodal self‐sustainable autonomous locomotions integrated into one individual system, are high‐level intelligent behavioral characteristics of living organisms and are the scientific hotspot of bionic soft actuators. Here, we report a light‐fueled soft actuator with multimodal self‐sustainable movements based on a Seifert ribbon bounded by a Hopf link. The Seifert ribbon actuator can self‐sense the illumination area adjustment, and the actuation component becomes either a discontinuous strip‐like structure or a continuous toroidal structure, which can realize adaptive switches between self‐sustained oscillatory and rotary motions. The two motion modes are applied to the self‐oscillatory piezoelectric generation and self‐rotational work multiplication of cargo transport, respectively. The unique smartness of Seifert surface topology advances the level of actuation intelligence with broad implications for the adaptability, multifunctionality, and autonomy of soft robots.
Lithium Ferrocyanide Catholyte for High‐Energy and Low‐cost Aqueous Redox Flow Batteries**
Authors: Li Xiaotong , Yao Yuan , Liu Chenxi , Jia Xin , Jian Jiahuang , Guo Bao , Lu Songtao , Qin Wei , Wang Qing , Wu Xiaohong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAqueous redox flow batteries (ARFBs) are a promising technology for grid‐scale energy storage, however, their commercial success relies on redox‐active materials (RAM) with high electron storage capacity and cost competitiveness. Herein, a redox‐active material lithium ferrocyanide (Li4[Fe(CN)6]) is designed. Li+ions not only greatly boost the solubility of [Fe(CN)6]4−to 2.32 M at room temperature due to weak intermolecular interactions, but also improves the electrochemical performance of [Fe(CN)6]4−/3−. By coupling with Zn, ZIRFBs were built, and the capacity of the batteries was as high as 61.64 Ah L−1(pH‐neutral) and 56.28 Ah L−1(alkaline) at a [Fe(CN)6]4−concentration of 2.30 M and 2.10 M. These represent unprecedentedly high [Fe(CN)6]4−concentrations and battery energy densities reported to date. Moreover, benefiting from the low cost of Li4[Fe(CN)6], the overall chemical cost of alkaline ZIRFB is as low as $11 per kWh, which is one‐twentieth that of the state‐of‐the‐art VFB ($211.54 per kWh). This work breaks through the limitations of traditional electrolyte composition optimization and will strongly promote the development of economical [Fe(CN)6]4−/3−‐based RFBs in the future.
Direct Access to Functionalized Azulenes and Pseudoazulenes via Unconventional Alkyne Cyclization Reactions
Authors: Wang Sunewang R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOwing to the unique chemical structure and photophysical properties of azulene, azulene derivatives show great promise for a wide range of prospective technical applications, such as molecular switching, sensors, solar cells, and biological activities. In addition to functionalization of the existed azulene cores, direct construction of azulenes via condensation with odd‐membered carbocycles such as tropolone, 2‐oxazulanone, cyclopentadiene, and 6‐aminofulvene is another classical method for obtaining azulene derivatives. Although alkynes are widely explored for construction of benzene rings, several unconventional cyclization reactions with alkynes produce azulene, pseudoazulene, or azulenone skeletons. This minireview summarizes these interesting and practical cyclization with a classification based on the function of alkyne in the azulene formation process, aiming at capturing the attention of the scientific community to make efforts in the development of such nonalternant cyclization reactions of alkynes.
Differences between students in various programs in a biochemistry course in lecture attendance, engagement, and academic outcomes
Authors: Doggrell Sheila Anne 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe positive relationship between lecture attendance and academic outcomes may be changing in the era of lecturing recordings. The objective of the study was to test this and to determine whether it varied between student cohorts. Consenting students in biochemistry from pharmacy, biomedical science, medical laboratory science, and nutrition programs, which had access to lecture recordings, signed in when attending lectures. Attendance was related to academic outcomes by regression analysis. Average attendance was low (≤19%) and declined significantly between years for most weeks. The students who attended ≥50% of lectures (≤17%) had higher marks than those that attended <50%. Overall regression analysis showed there were positive associations between most academic outcomes and lecture attendance or engagement (attendance and lecture recording access). However, these associations were weak or moderate for students in the pharmacy and biomedical science programs and were not apparent for students in the medical laboratory science and nutrition programs. In a separate survey, the most common reason for attending lectures was “I think I learn more by attending” and for not attending, was “Work commitments made it difficult to get to lectures.” The main conclusion is that students of biochemistry should be encouraged to attend lectures, as the limited evidence suggests that attendance may still be associated with better academic outcomes and that some students find them beneficial.
Ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry‐based metabolomics unveils the metabolic alterations in colon cancer mice during CT‐guided radiofrequency ablation
Authors: Cai Jin , Zhao Linfang , Li Lingdi , Lou Jun , Tang Rongjun , Zhang Ke , Yu Qingqing , Mo Weixing 
Published: April 2023

AbstractColon cancer (CC) is a malignancy of the digestive tract, and computed tomography (CT)‐guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has been extensively adopted in cancer treatment. We aimed to explore the changes in fecal metabolism after CT‐guided RFA in CC mice. The orthotopic CC mice received CT‐guided RFA upon modeling. Subsequently, we quantified tumor volumes and weights to assess treatment efficacy. Next, because metabolomics is useful for evaluating therapeutic validity, feces were collected for metabolomics analysis. CT‐guided RFA inhibited tumor growth effectively. Additionally, metabolomics results showed that the contents of bile acids and fatty acids were downregulated in CC mouse feces. Moreover, the levels of amino acids and carbohydrates were decreased while the levels of fatty acids, organic acids, phenols, pyridines and short‐chain fatty acids were elevated in feces after CC mice received CT‐guided RFA. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed that those differential metabolites were closely related to fatty acids degradation and synthesis. CT‐guided RFA possesses a strong ability to suppress CC development in mice, accompanied by a significant increase of fatty acid content in feces. This study proposes a novel approach and target for CC treatment, which provides hope for CC patients and establishes a solid basis for future in‐depth studies.
Dissipation and dietary exposure risk assessment of spinosad, thiocyclam, and its metabolite nereistoxin in cucumber and groundwater for different population groups
Authors: Lin Hongfang , Wen Wanting , Li Zhixia , Liu Siyu , Yang Yuanping , Liu Lei , Shao Hui , Guo Yongze , Zhang Yuting 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) technique using ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry for the analysis of spinosad (spinosyn A + spinosyn D), thiocyclam, and nereistoxin in cucumber was developed with mean recoveries of 93−104%, relative standard deviations of ≤9%, and limits of quantification of 0.01 mg/kg. Field trials of spinosad and thiocyclam were performed in 12 representative cultivating areas in China. Field trial results indicate that spinosyn A and spinosyn D easily dissipated in cucumber with half‐lives of 2.48–6.24 and <3 days, respectively. Nereistoxin was produced after thiocyclam application and was more persistent than its parent. The terminal residues of spinosad were all below the maximum residue limits (0.2 mg/kg) in China, whereas the terminal concentration of nereistoxin (calculated as the stoichiometric equivalent of thiocyclam), which was much higher than that of thiocyclam, was far beyond the maximum residue limits of thiocyclam in cucumber (0.01 mg/kg) established by the European Union. The predicted no‐effect concentrations of spinosyn A, spinosyn D, thiocyclam, and nereistoxin leaching into groundwater were estimated using China‐PEARL (Pesticide Emission Assessment at Regional and Local scales) models after application. However, the dietary (food and water) exposure risk quotient for different populations was below 1 with a preharvest interval set at 5 days after the last application, indicating that the application of spinosad and thiocyclam in cucumber was unlikely to pose unacceptable risk for human health. This study provides data for the safe use of spinosad and thiocyclam in cucumber ecosystem.
Partial decellularization eliminates immunogenicity in tracheal allografts
Authors: Tan Zheng Hong , Liu Lumei , Dharmadhikari Sayali , Shontz Kimberly M. , Kreber Lily , Sperber Sarah , Yu Jane , Byun Woo Yul , Nyirjesy Sarah C. , Manning Amy , Reynolds Susan D. , Chiang Tendy 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThere is currently no suitable autologous tissue to bridge large tracheal defects. As a result, no standard of care exists for long‐segment tracheal reconstruction. Tissue engineering has the potential to create a scaffold from allografts or xenografts that can support neotissue regeneration identical to the native trachea. Recent advances in tissue engineering have led to the idea of partial decellularization that allows for the creation of tracheal scaffolds that supports tracheal epithelial formation while preserving mechanical properties. However, the ability of partial decellularization to eliminate graft immunogenicity remains unknown, and understanding the immunogenic properties of partially decellularized tracheal grafts (PDTG) is a critical step toward clinical translation. Here, we determined that tracheal allograft immunogenicity results in epithelial cell sloughing and replacement with dysplastic columnar epithelium and that partial decellularization creates grafts that are able to support an epithelium without histologic signs of rejection. Moreover, allograft implantation elicits CD8+ T‐cell infiltration, a mediator of rejection, while PDTG did not. Hence, we establish that partial decellularization eliminates allograft immunogenicity while creating a scaffold for implantation that can support spatially appropriate airway regeneration.
Evaluation of the efficacy of systemic therapy for advanced uterine leiomyosarcoma: A systematic review, meta‐analysis, and meta‐regression analysis
Authors: Ijaz Iqra , Shahzad Muhammad Naveed , Hosseinifard Hossein , Liu Shuya , Sefidan Masoud Ostadi , Kahloon Lubna Ejaz , Imani Saber , Hua Zhong , Zhang Yu Qin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractUterine leiomyosarcoma (uLMS) is an aggressive mesenchymal neoplasm associated with a poor prognosis. Systemic chemotherapy is the standard therapy for patients with uLMS. However, it is unclear which treatment regimen results in the most favorable clinical outcome. We performed a meta‐analysis and meta‐regression analysis to assess the efficiency of different treatments received by patients with advanced, metastatic, and relapsing uLMS by evaluating the objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) as primary endpoints. The frequentist random effects meta‐analysis model was used to compare the outcomes of different treatment regimens for advanced uLMS. A meta‐regression analysis was performed to estimate the association between the study‐specific hazard ratios and specific demographic variables. A meta‐analysis of 51 reports including 1664 patients was conducted. Among patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy (916 patients; 55%), gemcitabine and docetaxel were the most frequently used drugs. First‐line monotherapy with alkylating agents (pooled ORR = 0.48; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.44–0.52) and second‐line monotherapy with protein kinase inhibitors (pooled ORR = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.39–0.52) resulted in favorable prognoses. The combinations of anthracycline plus alkylating therapy (pooled DCR = 0.74; 95% CI: 0.67–0.79) and of gemcitabine plus docetaxel (pooled DCR = 0.70; 95% CI: 0.63–0.75) showed the greatest benefits when used as first‐line and second‐line chemotherapies, respectively. Subgroup meta‐analysis results revealed that dual‐regimen therapies comprising anthracycline plus alkylating therapy and gemcitabine plus docetaxel are practical therapeutic choices for International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stages III–IVb with distant metastases when assessed by computed tomography (p = 0.001). Furthermore, neoadjuvant chemotherapy and local radiotherapy resulted in favorable outcomes for patients with earlier stages of distant relapsed uLMS (p < 0.001). Our findings provide a basis for designing new therapeutic strategies and can potentially guide clinical practice toward better prognoses for uLMS patients with advanced, metastatic, and relapsing disease.
Pure and mixed clear cell carcinoma of the endometrium: A molecular and immunohistochemical analysis study
Authors: Reijnen Casper , Vrede Stéphanie W. , Eijkelenboom Astrid , Draak Ruud , Sweegers Sanne , Snijders Marc P. L. M. , van Gestel Puck , Pijnenborg Johanna M. A. , Bulten Johan , Küsters‐Vandevelde Heidi V. N. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundUterine clear cell carcinoma (CCC) consists of either pure clear cell histology but can also display other histological components (mixed uterine CCCs). In this study, the molecular and immunohistochemical background of pure and mixed uterine CCC was compared. Secondly, it was evaluated whether histological classification and molecular background affected clinical outcome.MethodsA retrospective multicenter study was performed comparing pure uterine CCCs (n = 22) and mixed uterine CCCs (n = 21). Targeted next‐generation sequencing using a 12‐gene targeted panel classified cases as polymerase‐ε (POLE) mutated, microsatellite instable (MSI), TP53 wildtype or TP53 mutated. Immunohistochemistry was performed for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, L1 cell adhesion molecule, MSH6, and PMS2.ResultsThe following molecular subgroups were identified for pure and mixed uterine CCCs, respectively: POLE mutated 0% (0/18) and 6% (1/18); MSI in 6% (1/18) and 50% (9/18); TP53 wildtype in 56% (10/18) and 22% (4/18); TP53 mutated in 39% (7/18) and 22% (4/18) (p = 0.013). Patients with mixed CCCs had improved outcome compared to patients with pure CCCs. Frequent TP53 mutations were found in pure CCCs and frequent MSI in mixed CCCs, associated with clinical outcome.ConclusionPure and mixed uterine CCCs are two entities with different clinical outcomes, which could be explained by different molecular backgrounds. These results underline the relevance of both morphological and molecular evaluation, and may assist in tailoring treatment.
Ginsenoside Rh2 attenuates the progression of non‐small cell lung cancer by sponging miR‐28‐5p/STK4 axis and inactivating Wnt/β‐catenin signaling
Authors: Ma Jun , Zhao Di , Yu Dahai , Song Wei , Yang Xiaofang , Yin Haitao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundGinsenoside Rh2 (G‐Rh2) exerts anti‐tumor activity in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) play pivotal roles in NSCLC. We aimed to investigate whether G‐Rh2 inhibited NSCLC progression by targeting miRNA.MethodsCell viability, apoptosis and cycle were determined by Cell Counting Kit‐8, 6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole (DAPI) staining and flow cytometry. The potential target miRNAs of G‐Rh2 were screened by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR). The difference in miR‐28‐5p expression between lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tissues and normal tissues or lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) tissues and normal tissues was retrieved from TCGA‐LUAD and TCGA‐LUSC, respectively. Kaplan–Meier Plotter was conducted to analyze the survival rate for different serine/threonine‐protein kinase 4 (STK4) expressions with different prognostic risks. immunohistochemistry of STK4 expression in non‐tumor and tumor tissues was analyzed from the HPA database. RT‐qPCR and Western blot were adopted for detecting mRNA and protein expression. TargetScan V7.2, miRanda and PITA were adopted for predicting targets of miR‐28‐5p, overlapped genes were subjected to GO analysis. The interactions of miR‐28‐5p‐Wnt and miR‐28‐5p‐STK4 were detected by TOP/FOP luciferase reporter assay and dual luciferase reporter assay, respectively.ResultsCurrent study observed that G‐Rh2 reduced miR‐28‐5p expression in NSCLC cells dose‐dependently. miR‐28‐5p was upregulated in NSCLC tissues and cells. The target genes of miR‐28‐5p were enriched in negative regulation of Wnt signaling. miR‐28‐5p inhibitor inactivated Wnt signaling, inhibited cell viability and cell cycle, while enhanced cell apoptosis of NSCLC cells by targeting STK4. G‐Rh2 exerted the similar effects with miR‐28‐5p inhibitor by reducing miR‐28‐5p. G‐Rh2 and miR‐28‐5p inhibitor exerted a synergistic effect on inhibiting NSCLC tumor growth.ConclusionIn conclusion, G‐Rh2 attenuates NSCLC development by affecting miR‐28‐5p/STK4 axis and inactivating Wnt signaling. Taken together, we project out a novel therapeutic target for NSCLC.