bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Near‐infrared Fluorescent Probes with Long‐acting Cyclic Monitoring and Effectively Eliminating Peroxynitrite
Authors: Zhuo Jiezhen , Hui Jin , Chi Haijun , Guo Yuxin , Lu Gonghao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTwo through‐bond energy transfer fluorescent probes with a dihydroxyl naphthyl‐pyrenyl conjugated system were synthesized for long‐acting cyclic monitoring and eliminating peroxynitrite (ONOO−). The probes exhibit large Stokes shifts (230 or 280 nm) and the fluorescence at 620 or 652 nm rapidly change in response to continuously variable concentrations of ONOO− under physiological conditions. The probes show good reversibility and can rapidly monitor the concentration changes of ONOO− in real time. In addition, with the additions of the probes, the decomposition of ONOO− is greatly accelerated. Therefore, the probes can effectively eliminate the excess ONOO− as well as sensing it. The biological studies showed that the probes can effectively and reversibly eliminate both exogenous and endogenous ONOO− in‐situ as well as sensing its changes in cells, which can help to maintain the normal physiological concentration of ONOO− in organisms. This is the first system that a probe achieves multifunction including real‐time detection, long‐acting cyclic monitoring and in‐situ elimination, thereby maintaining a normal physiological balance for ONOO−.
Career adaptability and career choice satisfaction: Roles of career self‐efficacy and socioeconomic status
Authors: Li Mengting , Fan Weiqiao , Zhang Li‐fang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBased on career construction theory, this study examined the contribution of career adaptability to career choice satisfaction, with career decision‐making self‐efficacy as a mediator and socioeconomic status as a moderator. Nine hundred and fourteen Chinese final‐year undergraduates were recruited. The results revealed that career adaptability directly influenced career choice satisfaction and indirectly through career decision‐making self‐efficacy, with some specific differences based on socioeconomic status. Particularly, the cooperation dimension of career adaptability was found to be negatively related to career choice satisfaction only among undergraduates with higher socioeconomic status. The findings have implications for research on career construction theory as well as for career education and counseling practices in universities.
Electrocatalytic Performance of Interconnected Self‐Standing Tin Nanowire Network Produced by AAO Template Method for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction**
Authors: Er Dilan , Avcı Burçak , Ürgen Mustafa 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this study, we used a specially designed aluminum anodic oxide (AAO) template technique to produce interconnected self‐standing tin nanowire electrocatalysts having a high surface‐to‐volume ratio for CO2 reduction toward formate. These electrodes consisted of interconnected tin nanowires with 150 nm diameter and 7 μm length supported on 70–100 μm thick tin film. As prepared electrodes produced 6 times higher formate than the flat tin sheets, yet Faradaic efficiencies (FE%) were unsatisfactory. The main reason for low FE% is determined as the etching of native oxide on tin nanowires during hot alkali treatment to remove AAO and remnant aluminum. Porous anodic oxidation in 1 M NaOH solution was realized to recover tin oxides on the surface. Anodized tin nanowire electrocatalysts produced higher formate than anodized tin sheets, reaching FEformate% of ~87 at −1 V vs. RHE cathodic reduction potential. Moreover, while anodic oxide on flat tin flaked off the surface in 1 h, these electrodes preserved their integrity and formate production ability even after 12 h.
Performance‐based wind engineering assessment of a telecommunication mast
Authors: Kenéz Ágnes , Joó Attila László 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe study adopts the Performance‐Based Design concept to analyse the structural behaviour of a telecommunication steel lattice tower equipped with wind speed and strain sensors located in Central Hungary. Bayesian updating is utilised to combine the information from the relatively short measurement collected at the site with a longer dataset from a neighbouring measurement location. A finite element model is developed to analyse the performance of the tower in probabilistic terms using Monte Carlo simulation with Latin hypercube method. The probability of failure is assessed for both serviceability and ultimate limit state verifications. This study aims to demonstrate the potential of combining the performance‐based wind design framework and monitoring system.
Structural response of hybrid timber ‐ cold formed steel floors
Authors: Bompa Dan V. , Dance George , Chira Alexandru , Walker Martin G. , Nagy Zsolt 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe paper examines the composite performance of hybrid steel‐timber lightweight floor assemblies incorporating cold‐formed steel (CFS) profiles and plywood (PW) flooring panels with varying degrees of shear connection achieved by means of self‐drilling screws. Material, push‐out, and three‐point short‐span floor tests with or without web openings were carried out. The results and observations from the tests provide a detailed insight into the inelastic properties and ultimate response of such floor systems. Push‐out tests indicate that denser connector arrangements increase connection stiffness, while push‐out and short beam tests suggest an optimum connector spacing equal to the beam depth for a balance between structural performance and constructability. The experimental observations indicate that the ultimate condition of the short composite beams was characterized by CFS web crippling under the load application point, followed by a pull‐through of the self‐drilling screws. Web openings reduced the strength of the floor elements compared to the members with full webs. Complementary numerical studies are undertaken using nonlinear finite element procedures which were validated against the beam tests, offering a detailed insight into the stress levels in the timber, steel, and connectors. Codified procedures for determining the capacity of composite CFS sections are compared with the test results, and guidance for the practical design and construction of such systems is given.
Rotating bending fatigue behaviour and quasi‐static tensile properties of Wire Arc Additively Manufactured 308L stainless steel
Authors: Leonetti Davide , de Munnik Max , Kassing Luuk , Khan Danish , Moulin Jean‐Francois , Snijder Bert 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) is a direct energy deposition method used to manufacture steel components by using an electric arc as a heat source to melt a metal wire and deposit it layer by layer. In this study, monotonic tensile tests, standardized Charpy impact tests, and rotating bending fatigue tests are executed to characterize the mechanical properties of WAAM 308L stainless steel using specimens extracted from additively manufactured plates. In particular, monotonic tensile properties are investigated in three directions: that is 0, 90, and 45 degrees with respect to the plane of deposition, whereas the fatigue strength is quantified for one direction only, i.e. 90 degrees since this is deemed to be the weakest.The mechanical characterization highlights that WAAM 308L SS shows an anisotropic behaviour, an enhanced strain‐rate sensitivity, and an overall reduced yield strength as compared to the base material 308L. The anisotropic material behaviour is explained by the microstructure morphology since the austenite grains form anisotropic columnar zones due to an uneven heat profile during production. During the fatigue tests, the relatively high strain rate sensitivity causes susceptibility to self‐heating at relatively low loading frequencies, i.e. below 100Hz.
Axial behaviour of steel tubes infilled with rubberised alkali‐activated concrete
Authors: Elzeadani Mohamed , Bompa Dan , Elghazouli Ahmed 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the axial compressive behaviour of concrete filled steel tubes with rubberised alkali‐activated concrete as infill. A high‐strength slag‐based alkali‐activated concrete mix is chosen as a reference and rubber contents of 0, 30 and 60% replacements by volume of natural aggregates are considered. Steel tubes with circular and square cross‐sections having length‐to‐diameter/width ratios of 2 and 4 are investigated. The maximum axial capacity and the axial load‐shortening response are observed. The results show a reduction in the axial capacity and elastic stiffness of the confined specimens with higher rubber content. The circular tube sections provide greater confinement to the concrete core, evidenced from the higher ultimate stress, in comparison with the square tube sections. Circular confined specimens also exhibit a softer post‐peak axial load‐shortening response when compared to the square confined specimens. The axial capacity and overall behaviour of the confined specimens with the same cross‐section is generally similar for specimens with length‐to‐diameter/width ratios of 2 and 4, with a slight reduction in the axial stiffness for the taller specimens. Eurocode 4 axial strength design expressions for concrete filled steel tubes are shown to be applicable for the specimens tested in this study.
A new generalised component method for predicting the full range behaviour of bolted bearing type joints
Authors: Zhou Jingsheng , Yan Shen , Zhang Hao , Rasmussen Kim J. R. , Deierlein Gregory G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper develops a new generalized component method (GCM) model for bolted bearing type connections to capture the full‐range response and all relevant limit states, including the bolt shear, bearing, shear‐out, net section fracture, and block shear limit states. The proposed model divides a bolted bearing type joint into components that significantly contribute to its deformation and/or strength limit states. For each component, the force‐deformation curve is derived including the post‐ultimate behavior. The new component model is developed in the context of the generalized component method to predict the full‐range joint moment‐rotation response. The proposed GCM can consider the interaction of adjacent bolts in modelling multi‐bolt connections. The new GCM is validated through experimental tests and fully nonlinear finite element analyses, and compared with predictions by the Eurocode 3 component method.
A pyrolysis model for steel‐insulation sandwich building façade systems under fire
Authors: Xu Qingfeng , Hofmeyer Hèrm , Maljaars Johan , van Herpen Ruud A.P. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSandwich panels consist of two thin‐walled steel faces plus an insulation core. For this core, materials are selected that provide high (shear) stiffness and high thermal resistance. When the panels are subject to fire, the (a) temperature‐dependent behaviour of the steel faces and (b) the possible chemical reactions of the insulation core should both be considered, to accurately predict the structural behaviour. Provisions in Eurocode EN 1993‐1‐2 can be used for (a). Regarding (b), this paper adds a verified pyrolysis model to Heat Transfer (HT) analyses, and obtained results are transferred to a Structural Response (SR) analysis. Then, the HT and SR analyses are demonstrated in so‐called One‐Way Coupled (OWC) and Two‐Way Coupled (TWC) fire‐structure simulations, the latter including the effects of structural failure on the fire behaviour. For the cases studied, structural behaviour for OWC and TWC simulations is very similar, which indicates that the structural (failure) behaviour does not significantly influence the fire behaviour. Differently, the difference in failure time between simulations with and without pyrolysis is more than 15%, due to endothermic effects. As such, for the cases studied, modelling of pyrolysis is more important than the effect of structural failures, and this modelling can be included as demonstrated in this paper.
Novel Paradigm for Steel Joints in Gridshell Structures: from Structural Optimization to Advanced Construction
Authors: Chen Man‐Tai , Zuo Wenkang , Huang Yuner , Cheng Bin , Zhao Jincheng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNovel integrated computer‐aided paradigm/workflow for the topology optimization (TO) and additive manufacturing (AM) of steel joints in gridshell structures is proposed. The architecture scheme of gridshell structure was first established and numerically analyzed through Grasshopper parametric platform. Based on the extracted joint geometric parameters and the corresponding loading conditions, the initial joint structures were parametrically modelled using the subdivision surface method. Further parametric TO design was accomplished by the bi‐directional evolutionary structural optimization (BESO) method on the basis of cloud computing server. A series of mesh smoothing and reverse modelling algorithms were applied to the optimized joint to obtain a closed smooth surface in the NURBS form, which was then output as STL file for additive manufacturing. One typical optimized joint was additively manufactured using selective laser melting. The proposed workflow can be extended to a much wider range of spatial structures with various joint types.
Experimental Behaviour of Cold‐Formed Stainless Steel Cruciform Section Columns
Authors: Dobrić Jelena , Fric Nenad , Naraidoo Elenor , Rossi Barbara 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper describes experiments addressing the buckling and collapse behaviour of cold‐formed stainless steel cruciform section columns. To build doubly symmetrical flanged cruciform section columns, six individual press‐braked plain channels made of austenitic grade EN 1.4307 were assembled back‐to‐back. Two channel geometries were used – with cross‐section height 200 mm and 100 mm. They were connected using bolts M8 of class 8.8, with equidistant spacings along the column length. Six columns with three different lengths – namely, short (600 mm), intermediate (1200 mm) and long (2400 mm) – were tested under pure axial compression load and under end semi‐rigid support conditions. Two tests were included for each length. It was observed that the buckling patterns in the built‐up cruciform section specimens were affected by their global slenderness and by the spacing between the fasteners. However, in the cases of long specimens, where global torsional buckling was critical, the fastener spacing had a minor influence on the ultimate capacity of the columns.
Proposed residual stress model for hot‐rolled wide flange steel cross sections
Authors: Skiadopoulos Andronikos , de Castro e Sousa Albano , Lignos Dimitrios G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractResidual stresses in hot‐rolled wide flange steel cross sections may lead to premature yielding, accelerated corrosion and brittle fracture of steel members. The above phenomena lead to a loss of a steel member's stiffness and resistance under mechanical loading. Available residual stress models are mostly based on residual stress measurements that date back to 1950s. Some of the drawbacks of these models relate to the lack of consistency in the considered parameters that affect the residual stress development within a steel cross section. Motivated by this, this paper proposes a new residual stress model for hot‐rolled wide flange steel cross sections. The proposed residual stress model relies on a dataset of 80 experiments that are complemented by additional measurements done as part of the present study. A parabolic residual stress distribution, which is deduced from a constraint optimization problem, is fitted to the assembled data. The proposed residual stress distributions are generalized with the aid of rigorous statistical analyses. The results suggest that the residual stress model is highly dependent on the cross‐sectional area and the depth‐to‐width ratio of a hot‐rolled wide flange steel cross section. The proposed residual stress model reduces the error, on average, by 60‐70% compared to available residual stress models (e.g., European Convention for Constructional Steelwork model), regardless of the cross‐sectional geometry of the hot‐rolled cross section.
Experimental and numerical assessment of the topological optimisation of additively manufactured T‐joints
Authors: Monteiro Kaike , Zhu Carlos , Tankova Trayana , Santos Ana Francisca , da Silva Luís Simões 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM) is rapidly expanding to all research areas due to its multiple advantages, such as the freedom and flexibility in achieving any geometry. By using AM as a fabrication technique, the design process has almost no limitations, blending considerably well with the irregular geometries that may result from topology optimization, which can produce optimal material configuration. Therefore, Topology Optimization can combine greatly with Additive manufacturing. A suitable AM method concerning geometry, speed and shape is Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM). In this paper, a hollow square t‐joint is modelled and evaluated by the application of two optimization methods with various parameters to find an optimal geometry; numerical analysis (FEM) on non‐optimized and optimized models; and experimental assessments on non‐optimized and optimized printed t‐joints to validate the entire process.
Live Load Structural Index study on Small and Medium Span Steel‐Concrete Composite Bridges
Authors: Xiong Zhihua , Pan Zhenhua , Mou Xulin , Liu Xuyao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSteel plate and truss composite bridges are evaluated by Live Load Structural Index (LLSI) aiming on the balance between structural integrity and cost. In the span range of 20‐60m, four‐girder steel plate scheme and five‐girder steel plate scheme's LLSI are obtained based on probabilistic theory. The stress ratio of service to design status decreases in a power exponential law with the ascendance of LLSI. In terms of the steel truss concrete bridge, an optimized algorithm has been applied to analyze the composite truss bridge's LLSI, which suggests 160‐200 m · KN‐1 as appropriate values for the engineering practice.
Erzeugung von Wasserstoff durch Elektrolyse
Authors: Bockelmann Marina , Becker Maik , Stypka Sebastian , Bauer Stina , Minke Christine , Turek Thomas 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Übersichtsbeitrag berichten wir über die Grundlagen und den erreichten technischen Stand der Herstellung von grünem Wasserstoff durch Wasserelektrolyse. Für diese nachhaltige Produktion von Wasserstoff wird lediglich gereinigtes Wasser und erneuerbare elektrische Energie benötigt. Wegen der großen Stabilität des Wassermoleküls ist der Energiebedarf der Elektrolyse allerdings sehr hoch. Wir zeigen, dass es bereits drei technisch verfügbare Technologien (alkalische, PEM‐ und Hochtemperatur‐Elektrolyse) mit jeweils spezifischen Vor‐ und Nachteilen gibt. Zukünftige Entwicklungen konzentrieren sich auf die Senkung der Investitionen für Elektrolyseanlagen sowie auf die Verringerung der Verluste bei der Wasserspaltung, beispielsweise durch alkalische Membranelektrolyse mit einer eleganten Kombination der Eigenschaften von alkalischer und PEM‐Elektrolyse.
Accounting for intensity variation in image analysis of large‐scale multiplexed clinical trial datasets
Authors: Frei Anja L , McGuigan Anthony , Sinha Ritik RAK , Glaire Mark A , Jabbar Faiz , Gneo Luciana , Tomasevic Tijana , Harkin Andrea , Iveson Tim J , Saunders Mark , Oein Karin , Maka Noori , Pezella Francesco , Campo Leticia , Hay Jennifer , Edwards Joanne , Sansom Owen J , Kelly Caroline , Tomlinson Ian , Kildal Wanja , Kerr Rachel S , Kerr David J , Danielsen Håvard E , Domingo Enric ,   TransSCOT Consortium, Church David N , Koelzer Viktor H 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMultiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) imaging can provide comprehensive quantitative and spatial information for multiple immune markers for tumour immunoprofiling. However, application at scale to clinical trial samples sourced from multiple institutions is challenging due to pre‐analytical heterogeneity. This study reports an analytical approach to the largest multi‐parameter immunoprofiling study of clinical trial samples to date. We analysed 12,592 tissue microarray (TMA) spots from 3,545 colorectal cancers sourced from more than 240 institutions in two clinical trials (QUASAR 2 and SCOT) stained for CD4, CD8, CD20, CD68, FoxP3, pan‐cytokeratin, and DAPI by mIF. TMA slides were multi‐spectrally imaged and analysed by cell‐based and pixel‐based marker analysis. We developed an adaptive thresholding method to account for inter‐ and intra‐slide intensity variation in TMA analysis. Applying this method effectively ameliorated inter‐ and intra‐slide intensity variation improving the image analysis results compared with methods using a single global threshold. Correlation of CD8 data derived by our mIF analysis approach with single‐plex chromogenic immunohistochemistry CD8 data derived from subsequent sections indicates the validity of our method (Spearman's rank correlation coefficients ρ between 0.63 and 0.66, p ≪ 0.01) as compared with the current gold standard analysis approach. Evaluation of correlation between cell‐based and pixel‐based analysis results confirms equivalency (ρ > 0.8, p ≪ 0.01, except for CD20 in the epithelial region) of both analytical approaches. These data suggest that our adaptive thresholding approach can enable analysis of mIF‐stained clinical trial TMA datasets by digital pathology at scale for precision immunoprofiling.
“Fifth‐day fits” revisited: A literature review of benign idiopathic neonatal seizures and comparison with KCNQ2‐ and KCNQ3‐associated benign familial epilepsy syndromes
Authors: Kannan Varun , Pareek Aishwarya V. , Das Abhijit R. , Gay Charles T. , Riviello James J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBenign idiopathic neonatal seizures (BINS), colloquially referred to as the “fifth‐day fits,” is a clinical neonatal epilepsy syndrome associated with early, spontaneous resolution of seizures and favorable developmental outcome. Although this disease entity was first described over four decades ago, the etiopathogenesis remains unknown, and it is unclear if the syndrome represents a single, cohesive disorder or a common manifestation of various unrelated neonatal neurological disturbances. As such, there are no standardized approaches to diagnostic workup and management. Benign familial neonatal seizures (BFNS) is a well‐characterized genetic syndrome associated with KCNQ2 and KCNQ3 pathogenic variants, which also manifests clinically with self‐resolving seizures in the neonatal period. While it remains unclear if there is any shared pathogenesis between these two disorders, the exceedingly similar phenotypic presentations and natural history raise the question of whether consensus management approaches used in genetic BFNS can also be applied to BINS. Here, we present a topical and historical review of BINS and BFNS literature and propose specific treatment recommendations based on extrapolation of limited existing clinical data.