bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Women’s Experiences of Infant Feeding Practices While Living With HIV in Malaysia: A Community-Based Qualitative Study
Authors: Z. Sulaiman , S. Sukeri , N. A. Hamid , S. A. Ibrahim 
Published: September 2023

Background: With the advancement of antiretroviral therapy scale-up, it is possible for women living with HIV to breastfeed safely. However, this practice has not been adopted in Malaysia. Instead, infants are provided with subsidized human milk substitutes for their first 2 years of life. Research Aim: This study describes the infant feeding experiences of women living with HIV in Malaysia. Methods: From August to October 2021, a nationwide, community-based qualitative study was conducted among women living with HIV and who received care from the Malaysian Ministry of Health. Using purposive sampling, participants who met the inclusion criteria were recruited. Interview and focus group transcripts were coded based on a secondary thematic analysis. Results: Six in-depth interviews and five focus group discussions were conducted among 32 participants. Study participants were mostly Malay secondary school graduates in their 30s and 40s. Due to the fear of vertical transmission, which was explained by healthcare providers to the participants, none of the women breastfed their infants. The three primary themes that emerged from analyzing the women’s infant feeding experiences were (1) a human milk substitute was the only option and was encouraged; (2) feeding infants with a human milk substitute made the women feel incomplete as mothers; and (3) the women encountered difficulties in obtaining the subsidized human milk substitute. Conclusion: Women living with HIV in Malaysia have been advised to provide human milk substitutes to their infants in fear of HIV transmission.
Multicentre registry analysis of incremental peritoneal dialysis incidence and associations with patient outcomes
Authors: Cheetham Melissa S , Cho Yeoungjee , Krishnasamy Rathika , Milanzi Elasma , Chow Josephine , Hawley Carmel , Moodie Jo-Anne , Jose Matthew D , MacGinley Robert , Nguyen Thu , Palmer Suetonia C , Walker Rachael , Wong Jeffrey , Jain Arsh K , Boudville Neil , Johnson David W , Huang Louis L 
Published: September 2023

Background: Incremental peritoneal dialysis (PD) is increasingly advocated to reduce treatment burden and costs, with potential to better preserve residual kidney function. Global prevalence of incremental PD use is unknown and use in Australia and New Zealand has not been reported. Methods: Binational registry analysis including incident adult PD patients in Australia and New Zealand (2007–2017), examining incidence of and outcomes associated with incremental PD (first recorded PD exchange volume <42 L/week (incremental) vs. ≥42 L/week (standard)). Results: Incremental PD use significantly increased from 2.7% of all incident PD in 2007 to 11.1% in 2017 (mean increase 0.84%/year). Duration of incremental PD use was 1 year or less in 67% of cases. Male sex, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (ATSI) or Māori ethnicities, age 45–59 years, medical comorbidities or treatment at a centre with low use of automated PD or icodextrin was associated with lower incidence of incremental PD use. Low body mass index and higher estimated glomerular filtration rate was associated with higher incidence. After accounting for patient and centre variables, commencing PD with an incremental prescription was associated with reduced peritonitis risk (adjusted hazard ratio 0.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.61–0.86).When kidney transplantation and death were considered as competing risks, the association between incremental PD and peritonitis was not significant (sub-hazard ratio [SHR] 0.91, 95%CI 0.71–1.17, p = 0.5), however cumulative incidence of 30-day transfer to haemodialysis was lower in those receiving incremental PD (SHR 0.73, 95%CI 0.56–0.94, p = 0.01). There was no association between incremental PD and death. Conclusions: Incremental PD use is increasing in Australia and New Zealand and is not associated with patient harm.
‘Let me tell you, I see echolalia as being a part of my son’s identity’: Exploring echolalia as an expression of neurodiversity from a parental perspective
Authors: Cohn Eli G , Harrison Matthew J , McVilly Keith R 
Published: September 2023

Echolalia has been described as the repetition of words, phrases, songs or other more elaborate dialogues uttered by another person, which may be immediate or delayed (International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed.). Some classify echolalia as a communication impairment reflective of delay, while others consider it a restricted, repetitive pattern of behaviours, without meaningful communicative function. Little attention is given to the experiences of non-clinicians, such as parents or teachers who may hold valuable insights to further our understanding of this phenomenon. This study forms part of a larger programme of inquiry which interviewed parents ( N = 133) about their experiences of their sons’ and daughters’ echolalia. Using hermeneutic phenomenological analysis in an abductive framework, we present a perspective of echolalia that has largely remained silent in literature: echolalia as an expression of neurodiversity. Participants push back against the status quo of intervention, reclaiming echolalia as being a part of their child’s identity. Participants want their children to not only enjoy their echolalia but to fully embrace it as being a part of their individual identity. We propose alternatives to a purely clinical perspective of echolalia; alternatives that may place the neurodiversity-affirmative perspectives of our participants in a co-existing tension with clinicians. Lay abstract Echolalia is a commonly found speech and language condition in autistic children. Children with echolalia repeat words and phrases they previously hear in place of proving a non-repetitive response. In research and when visiting speech and language services, one of the common goals is to modify these repetitions so that these children may, more socially, engage with their surrounding environment. In our research, we identified that not all parents want their children’s echolalia to be modified. Some parents want their child to be able to enjoy echolalia and others don’t want anyone to intervene because they see it as something that makes their child unique and being unique is something to be celebrated. We believe that there might be a way for speech and language services who want to modify echolalia and the parents in our study who do not want their child’s echolalia to be modified, to be able to exist side-by-side.
Clinical Outcomes of Drug-Coated Balloon Angioplasty in Peripheral Artery Disease Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease
Authors: Wang Sheng-Xing , Xiong Qi-Qiu , Ren Hua-Liang , Zheng Kai , Sun Ming-Sheng , Zhang Wangde , Li Chun-Min 
Published: September 2023

Purpose: The objective was to determine the effectiveness and safety of paclitaxel-coated balloon angioplasty in hemodialysis patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN). Materials and Methods: The outcomes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) and treated with drug-coated balloon (DCB) angioplasty were retrospectively evaluated. The effectiveness outcomes were clinical improvement of the Rutherford classification and target lesion revascularization (TLR). Safety outcomes were all-cause mortality and amputation. Results: Ninety-seven patients were treated with DCB angioplasty between December 2018 and December 2020. 87 (63.8±10.1 years) achieved technical success. Most patients had a Rutherford classification of at least grade 4. The mean lesion length was 169.8±73.8 mm, almost all had arterial calcification, and 31.0% had annular calcification. Wounds were present in 73.6% of the target limbs. The mean follow-up in this cohort was 13.4±7.4 months. The wound healing rate was 61.5% at the 12-month follow-up. All-cause mortality during 12 months of follow-up was 35.6%, amputation-free survival was 58.6%, and TLR was observed in 13 (15.3%) patients. At 3 and 12 months of follow-up, the Rutherford grade significantly improved (p<0.001). The Cox proportional hazards model revealed that wounds (hazard ratio [HR]=1.404, p=0.023) and annular calcification (HR=2.076, p=0.031) were independent predictors of amputation-free survival. Conclusions: Drug-coated balloon angioplasty in ESRD patients was effective and safe over the medium term. Wounds and annular calcification were independent predictors of amputation-free survival. Clinical Impact The effectiveness of DCB angioplasty in ESRD patients and the factors affecting major outcome prognosis in this population remain limited. This study contributes valuable insights into the effectiveness and safety of paclitaxel-coated balloon angioplasty for PAD in hemodialysis patients. Medical professionals can now regard DCB angioplasty as a viable treatment. Identifying wound presence and annular calcification as predictors of amputation-free survival equips medical practitioners with a more tailored approach to patient management, potentially resulting in enhanced outcomes and more precise treatment strategies.
Impact of Hospital Volume on Long-Term Outcomes After Endovascular Therapy for Peripheral Artery Disease
Authors: Setogawa Nao , Ohbe Hiroyuki , Matsui Hiroki , Yasunaga Hideo 
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To investigate the association between annual hospital volume of endovascular therapy (EVT) and long-term outcomes in patients with lower-extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD). Materials and Methods: We identified patients who underwent percutaneous endovascular transluminal angioplasty and thrombectomy of the extremities or percutaneous endovascular removal in the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination inpatient database from April 2014 to March 2020 linked to the Survey of Medical Institutions data. A generalized linear model analysis was performed to assess 12-month amputation, all-cause death, composite outcome (amputation and death), and readmission. We also analyzed length of hospital stay and total health care costs during the first hospitalization. Results: Among 127 486 eligible patients, 31 579, 31 913, 31 999, and 31 995 were in the first (1–27 cases/year), second (28–44 cases), third (45–67 cases), and fourth (68–289 cases) quartiles, respectively. There were no significant differences in 12-month amputation among the second (odds ratio [OR], 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.90–1.04), third (OR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.93–1.07), and fourth (OR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.93–1.07) quartile volumes compared with the first quartile. Significant differences were observed in 12-month death (OR for fourth quartile with reference to the first quartile, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.65–0.76), composite outcome (OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.80–0.89), and readmission (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02–1.09). Conclusions: We found that the annual hospital volume of EVT was not associated with decreased 12-month amputation in patients with lower-extremity PAD. In contrast, all-cause death and composite outcome were significantly decreased in hospitals with the highest volume. Clinical Impact The association between hospital volume of endovascular therapy and long-term adverse clinical outcomes remains unclear. The present analyses showed no significant differences in 12-month amputation rates among the hospital volumes, whereas higher-volume quartiles were significantly associated with decreased 12-month all-cause death rates and composite outcome. There was also a positive association in the length of stay between the first quartile volume and the others, while no significant difference in total health care costs among the quartiles was observed. Further investigations are needed, including insights into operator volume and procedural characteristics, to clarify the relationship between hospital volume and long-term adverse outcomes.
Early results of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty using a patient-specific baseplate to address severe glenoid deficiency
Authors: Moran Thomas E , Sumpter Anna E , Berry Carter J , Brockmeier Stephen F , Werner Brian C 
Published: September 2023

Background The purpose of this study was to describe outcomes of patients undergoing reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) using a patient-specific, custom glenoid component to address severe glenoid deficiency. Methods Retrospective chart review identified patients at a single institution undergoing rTSA using the glenoid vault reconstruction system (VRS) between 2017 and 2022. Radiographic evaluation, range of motion and patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures, complications, and re-operations were assessed. Results Fourteen shoulders were included. There was 100% implant survivorship of the glenoid baseplate at mean follow-up of 26.6 months. Mean range of motion improved in forward elevation (62–106 degrees), abduction (41–100 degrees), and external rotation (11–36 degrees). In 7 of 13 patients available for PRO collection, the mean final Visual Analog Pain Scale (VAS) score was 1.29, Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) score was 72.14, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standardized Shoulder Assessment Form (ASES) score was 77.14, and Penn Shoulder score was 72.26. Conclusions Use of this custom glenoid resulted in encouraging clinical and radiographic outcomes, with no failures in implant survivorship seen at early follow-up. Larger prospective studies with longer-term follow-up should be undertaken in order to better determine the efficacy and longevity of this implant. Study Design Retrospective case series; Level of evidence, 4.
Knowledge and attitude regarding the COVID-19 pandemic among undergraduate health science students of Nepal: An online survey
Authors: Anand Ayush , Gupta Ashwini , Singh Sweta , Pyakurel Sulav , Karkee Rajendra , Pyakurel Prajjwal 
Published: September 2023

Objectives: This study aims to assess health science students’ knowledge and attitude about COVID-19 epidemiology, management, and prevention; and the association of knowledge and attitude with various sociodemographic characteristics. Methods: An online survey was done among 524 undergraduate health science students using a pre-tested questionnaire across 19 health science institutions in Nepal from 30 June to 11 August 2021. All subjects were enrolled in the study after informed consent. Outcomes were Knowledge level, attitude level, and predictors of knowledge level and attitude level. Bivariate analysis was done to determine the association between variables. Results: Of 524 students, 42.9% were male, and 57.1% were female. More than half (54.6%) and the majority (85.1%) participants had good knowledge and attitude, respectively. Approximately three-fifths (59.4%) of the participants were from the B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS). Students in BPKIHS (odds ratio = 1.774; 95% confidence interval = 1.243–2.533), junior years (odds ratio = 8.892; 95% confidence interval = 5.814–13.599), age less than 23 years (odds ratio = 2.985; 95% confidence interval = 2.089–4.266) were more likely to have good knowledge. Students under 23 years (odds ratio = 24.160; 95% confidence interval: 9.570–60.992) and those in junior years (odds ratio = 4.460; 95% confidence interval = 3.753–5.300) were likely to have a good attitude level. Students in BPKIHS (odds ratio = 0.443; 95% confidence interval = 0.272–0.722) were less likely to have a good attitude. Conclusions: Overall, health science students had adequate knowledge and a good attitude regarding COVID-19. However, students lacked knowledge regarding infectiousness, transmission, post-vaccination observation period, remdesivir use, convalescent plasma therapy, and awake-prone positioning. Knowledge and attitude scores were associated with age, stream, and study institution.
Augmented Web-based applicant experiences for anesthesiology away audition rotations: A systematic review of the current literature
Authors: Zhitny Vladislav Pavlovich , Kawana Eric , Vachirakorntong Benjamin , Djesevic Enes , DiCaro Michael V. , Mendelson Brian J. 
Published: September 2023

Objective: The objective of this paper is to evaluate Augmented Web-based Applicant Experiences in the field of Anesthesiology. We hope to advocate for Augmented Web-based Applicant Experiences rotations and address their limitations in case in-person rotations become restricted again. Methods: A thorough search of articles from the years 1978 to 2023 was completed using the search phrases “Away Rotations Anesthesiology,” “Away Rotations Anesthesia,” “Audition Rotation Anesthesia” and “Audition Rotation Anesthesiology.” These search phrases were used on both the PubMed (Medline) and Excerpta medica database (EMBASE) databases, and the number of total articles that appeared was 73. These articles were then filtered to gather relevant articles for our study. Results: After the articles were filtered, there was one remaining article that was used for our study. To supplement this article, 29 additional sources were added using the worldwide web. However, these did not address rotations in Anesthesiology. Although these other sources did not involve Anesthesiology residencies, they still provide significant perspectives that can be applied to online rotations. A total of 30 sources were used for our manuscript. Conclusion: Although in-person rotations are preferred, Augmented Web-based Applicant Experiences rotations are valuable as they give residency programs an opportunity to evaluate students. Augmented Web-based Applicant Experiences rotations also provide students with learning opportunities and also help familiarize them with the residency programs. There are limitations that come with Augmented Web-based Applicant Experiences rotations. However, addressing these shortcomings can help Augmented Web-based Applicant Experiences rotations become a proper substitution for in-person rotations if they become restricted again.
Older Age, Poor Preoperative Quadriceps Muscle Strength, and Residual Pain as Risk Factors for Poor Quadriceps Muscle Strength Recovery at 1 Year After ACL Reconstruction: A TMDU MAKS Study of 402 Patients
Authors: Hasegawa Shoichi , Nakagawa Yusuke , Yoshihara Aritoshi , Nakamura Tomomasa , Katagiri Hiroki , Hayashi Masaya , Yoshimura Hideya , Nagase Tsuyoshi , Sekiya Ichiro , Koga Hideyuki 
Published: September 2023

Background: Poor postoperative quadriceps muscle strength recovery after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) leads to delayed return to sports and lower patient satisfaction. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to examine factors that affect quadriceps muscle strength 1 year after ACLR. It was hypothesized that older age, poor preoperative quadriceps muscle strength, and residual pain would be risk factors for poor quadriceps muscle strength recovery. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Included were patients from multiple institutions who underwent primary ACLR using autologous hamstring tendon grafts between August 1, 2013, and March 31, 2018, and who had at least 1 year of follow-up data. Patients with past ligamentous injuries in the affected knee, previous injuries or operations in the contralateral knee, accompanying ligament injuries of grade 2 or 3, or inflammatory or other types of osteoarthritis were excluded. Patients were categorized as having muscle strength ≥80% (good strength recovery) or <80% (poor strength recovery) compared with the contralateral leg at 1 year postoperatively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the factors influencing postoperative quadriceps muscle strength. In addition, a categorical analysis was conducted based on factors extracted by the multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 402 patients were included. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age at surgery ( P = .020), preoperative quadriceps muscle strength ( P = .006), and postoperative Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS)-Pain score ( P = .002) were significantly associated with quadriceps muscle strength at 1 year postoperatively. The odds of poor muscle strength recovery according to categorical analysis were 5.0-fold higher for patients aged >40 versus ≤20 years, 4.2-fold higher for those with preoperative quadriceps muscle index <60% versus ≥80%, and 7.7-fold higher for those with a postoperative KOOS-Pain score of <85 versus 100. Conclusion: Older age, poor preoperative quadriceps muscle strength, and low postoperative KOOS-Pain score were risk factors for poor quadriceps muscle strength 1 year after primary ACLR. Surgical indications, including age, preoperative active rehabilitation, and pain control, should be considered for optimization of postoperative quadriceps muscle strength recovery.
Isolated Large Glenoid Fracture and Acute Glenohumeral Dislocation in Elderly Patients: A Case Series Treated Surgically With Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty and Augmented Glenoid
Authors: Ippolito Giorgio , Zitiello Michele , De Marinis Giancarlo , Di Lucia Pierluca , Surace Michele F , Franceschetti Edoardo , Gregori Pietro , Papalia Rocco , Faoro Luca , Ferraro Sergio 
Published: September 2023

Background One of the most frequent complications in patients affected by traumatic anterior dislocations is bony Bankart lesion. This study evaluates the clinical and functional outcomes of 10 patients with isolated large glenoid fracture and acute glenohumeral dislocation treated with reverse shoulder arthroplasty. Methods Patients older than 69 years who underwent reverse shoulder arthroplasty after isolated large glenoid fracture and acute glenohumeral dislocation between 2016 and 2022 at the same institute were selected. Shoulder range of motion and pain level was assessed. The impact on quality of life has been evaluated through four measures: the constant scale, the simple shoulder test (SST), the OXFORD scale, and The University of California—Los Angeles (UCLA) shoulder scale. Results The mean Constant score was 77.1 (range 68–84), the mean SST score was 9.4 (range 8–10), the Oxford score was 44.3 (range 35–48), and the UCLA shoulder scale was 27.1 (range 24–30). No reoperation was performed on any patient in this series. Conclusion Reverse shoulder arthroplasty for elderly patients with bony Bankart lesion and acute glenohumeral dislocation represents a valuable option in terms of clinical results, patient satisfaction and early- to medium-term complications.