bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Upper limb cranking asymmetry during a Wingate anaerobic test in wheelchair basketball players
Authors: Brassart Florian , Faupin Arnaud , Hays Arnaud , Bakatchina Sadate , Alberca Ilona , Watelain Eric , Weissland Thierry 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionInterlimb asymmetry of strength and/or motor coordination could limit the performance of wheelchair athletes or increase their risk of injury. Studies of interlimb asymmetry in the lower limbs have shown high between‐subject variability that does not depend on the side of dominance and that does not change with fatigue. Upper limb asymmetry is particularly large in manual wheelchair athletes with a lower degree of impairment. The aim of this study was to evaluate interlimb asymmetry of forces developed during an upper limb Wingate anaerobic test, the effects of fatigue on force, and differences between high‐ and low‐point players.MethodTwenty‐five wheelchair basketball players (13 females and 12 males) of male and female national French teams performed a 30s anaerobic Wingate test on an arm ergometer. Participants were classified into two functional categories, high‐point (classed from 3 to 4.5) and low‐point (classed from 1 to 2.5), according to the International Wheelchair Basketball Federation classification. Left and right arm forces were measured during the pushing and pulling phases at peak power, 10s, and the end of the 30s test.ResultsUpper limb asymmetry changed with fatigue during each phase. Force asymmetry differed between peak power, 10s and 30s, with no consistent increase or decrease. Asymmetry did not differ significantly between low‐ and high‐point players but tended to be greater in high‐point players. Asymmetry tended to be greater in the females, with significant differences between the males and females in the push phase.ConclusionInter‐subject variability was high, but forces were asymmetric for most participants, especially females. The Wingate anaerobic test could highlight problematic asymmetries that might impact daily life or sports performance.
Preschool‐aged children's responses to unfairness and subsequent sharing behavior in dyadic contexts
Authors: Kim Emily , LoBue Vanessa , Van de Walle Gretchen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRecent research implicates the importance of social and contextual factors in children's fair behavior. Here, we explored the social and emotional influences that might contribute to fair behavior in young children. We examined 79 pairs of 3‐ to 5‐year‐old children (N = 158; 85 female; M = 4.3 years; Range = 3.03–5.54) in a naturalistic sharing interaction to measure their verbal, emotional, and behavioral responses to an unfair distribution of rewards, as well as their subsequent sharing behavior. Children who received fewer rewards responded verbally, behaviorally, and emotionally as predicted, protesting the unfair distribution. However, children who received more rewards either failed to notice their partner's responses, or they failed to consider these responses when given the chance to behave prosocially and correct the unfair distribution. The only cue that predicted prosociality was a negative affective response from the disadvantaged peer.
High lysyl oxidase expression is an indicator of poor prognosis in dogs with cutaneous mast cell tumours
Authors: Joselevitch Julia Antongiovanni , Vargas Thiago Henrique Moroni , Pulz Lidia Hildebrand , Cadrobbi Karine Germano , Huete Greice Cestari , Nishiya Adriana Tomoko , Kleeb Silvia Regina , Xavier José Guilherme , Strefezzi Ricardo De Francisco 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMast cell tumour (MCT) is one of the most frequent skin tumours in dogs. Due to their unpredictable biological behaviour, MCTs often cause several therapeutic frustrations, leading to investigation regarding prognostic markers. Lysyl oxidase (LOX) is an enzyme that promotes extracellular matrix stability and contributes to cell migration, angiogenesis and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition. Its expression positively correlates with poor prognoses in several human and canine mammary cancers. The aim of this study was to characterise the immunohistochemical expression of LOX in MCT samples and compare it with histological grading and post‐surgical survival. Twenty‐six tumours were submitted to immunohistochemistry for LOX expression evaluation. All samples were positive for LOX, with variable percentages of cytoplasmic and nuclear positivity. Cytoplasmic positivity was significantly higher in high‐grade MCTs (P = .0297). Our results indicate that high expression of cytoplasmic LOX in neoplastic mast cells is an indicator of poor prognosis for canine cutaneous MCTs.
Adopting Instructional Models in Physical Education: The Influence of Occupational Socialization
Authors: Malinowski Paul R. , Kern Ben D. , Wallhead Tristan 
Published: April 2023

Purpose: To examine the contextual and personal factors that influence teachers’ reported adoption of one or more instructional models (IMs). Methods: Participants (n = 25) were interviewed that reported adopting Sport Education; Teaching Games for Understanding; Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility; and/or Sports, Play, and Active Recreation for Kids in their K-12 curriculum. Results: Viewed through the lens of occupational socialization theory and utilizing constant comparison methodology, the interview data were analyzed and three major themes, each with related subthemes, were developed: (a) IM adoption depends on context and socialization, (b) socializing agents influence IM adherence, and (c) IM implementation is selective. Discussion/Conclusions: Teachers vary in their rationale for adopting one or more IMs, and adherence is frequently a result of principal and student encouragement. Future efforts to disseminate IMs should consider pathways to adoption identified in this study, including teaching conventions, department supervisors, and teaching colleagues.
High-harmonic generation from a subwavelength dielectric resonator
Authors: Zalogina Anastasiia , Carletti Luca , Rudenko Anton , Moloney Jerome V. , Tripathi Aditya , Lee Hoo-Cheol , Shadrivov Ilya , Park Hong-Gyu , Kivshar Yuri , Kruk Sergey S. 
Published: April 2023

Higher-order optical harmonics entered the realm of nanostructured solids being observed recently in optical gratings and metasurfaces with a subwavelength thickness. Structuring materials at the subwavelength scale allows us toresonantly enhance the efficiency of nonlinear processes and reduce the size of high-harmonic sources. We report the observation of up to a seventh harmonic generated from a single subwavelength resonator made of AlGaAs material. This process is enabled by careful engineering of the resonator geometry for supporting an optical mode associated with a quasi-bound state in the continuum in the mid-infrared spectral range at around λ = 3.7 μm pump wavelength. The resonator volume measures ~0.1 λ
3
. The resonant modes are excited with an azimuthally polarized tightly focused beam. We evaluate the contributions of perturbative and nonperturbative nonlinearities to the harmonic generation process. Our work proves the possibility to miniaturize solid-state sources of high harmonics to the subwavelength volumes.
Whole-Genome Sequencing and Annotation of Pediococcus ethanolidurans and Pediococcus pentosaceus Isolates from Commercial Cucumber Fermentation
Authors: Page Clinton A. , Pérez-Díaz Ilenys M. 
Published: April 2023

We report the whole-genome sequences, along with annotations, of five
Pediococcus ethanolidurans
and three
Pediococcus pentosaceus
isolates from commercial cucumber fermentations performed in North Carolina (
n
= 3) and Minnesota (
n
= 5), USA.
Prevalence of HIV in mental health service users: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Heslin Margaret , Jewell Amelia , Croxford Sara , Chau Cuong , Smith Shubulade , Pittrof Rudiger , Covshoff Elana , Sullivan Ann , Delpech Valerie , Brown Alison , King Helena P , Kakaiya Mina , Campbell Lucy , Hughes Elizabeth , Stewart Robert 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveTo examine the prevalence of HIV in a cohort of people who have used secondary mental health services in the UK.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingRoutinely collected clinical data from secondary mental health services in South London, UK available for research through the Clinical Record Interactive Search tool at the National Institute for Health and Care Research Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre were matched with pseudonymised national HIV surveillance data held by the UK Health Security Agency using a deterministic matching algorithm.ParticipantsAll adults aged 16+ who presented for the first time to mental health services in the South London and Maudsley (SLaM) National Health Service Trust between 1 January 2007 and 31 December 2018 were included.Primary outcomePoint prevalence of HIV.ResultsThere were 181 177 people who had contact with mental health services for the first time between 2007 and 2018 in SLaM. Overall, 2.47% (n=4481) of those had a recorded HIV diagnosis in national HIV surveillance data at any time (before, during or after contact with mental health services), 24.73 people per 1000. HIV point prevalence was highest in people with a diagnosed substance use disorder at 3.77% (n=784). A substantial percentage of the sample did not have a formal mental health diagnosis (27%), but even with those excluded, the point prevalence remained high at 2.31%. Around two-thirds of people had their diagnosis of HIV before contact with mental health services (67%; n=1495).ConclusionsThe prevalence of HIV in people who have had contact with mental health services was approximately 2.5 times higher than the general population in the same geographical area. Future work should investigate risk factors and disparities in HIV outcomes between those with and without mental health service contact.
Screening for psychosocial risk in caregivers of children with medical complexity during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Pitch Natalie , Verma Rahul , Davidson Laura , Robertson Taylor , Anagnostopoulos Gregory , Sunkonkit Kanokkarn , Qazi Adam , Ambreen Munazzah , Mekhuri Samantha , Miller Michael R , Orkin Julia , Amin Reshma 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveThe primary objective was to quantify psychosocial risk in family caregivers (FCs) of children with medical complexity (CMC) during the COVID-19 pandemic using the Psychosocial Assessment Tool (PAT). The secondary objectives were to compare this finding with the average PAT score of this population before the COVID-19 pandemic and to examine potential clinical predictors of psychosocial risk in FCs of CMC.DesignCross-sectional study.ParticipantsFCs of CMC were recruited from the Long-Term Ventilation Clinic at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. A total of 91 completed the demographic and PAT questionnaires online from 10 June 2021 through 13 December 2021.Main outcome measuresMean PAT scores in FCs were categorised as ‘Universal’ low risk, ‘Targeted’ intermediate risk or ‘Clinical’ high risk. The effect of sociodemographic and clinical variables on overall PAT scores was assessed using multiple linear regression analysis. Comparisons with a previous study were made using Mann-Whitney tests and χ2analysis.ResultsMean (SD) PAT score was 1.34 (0.69). Thirty-one (34%) caregivers were classified as Universal, 43 (47%) as Targeted and 17 (19%) as Clinical. The mean PAT score (1.34) was significantly higher compared with the mean PAT score (1.17) found prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated an overall significant model, with the number of hospital admissions since the onset of COVID-19 being the only variable associated with the overall PAT score.ConclusionFCs of CMC are experiencing significant psychosocial stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Timely and effective interventions are warranted to ensure these individuals receive the appropriate support.
Theoretical study on effect of substituent on aromaticity of tetrazole ring
Authors: Yang Chunhai , Li Xue , Zhou Ning , Chen Bing , Dong Huilong , Jin Junxun , Hu Xiuli , Huang Tao , Shen Lei , Yi Jun , Wang Quan , Ouyang Dihua 
Published: April 2023

Tetrazole compounds are a category of energetic materials with great potential. Their stability is inherently related to their aromatics. On the basis of research in DFT at b3lyp/6–311** level on three compounds interested, viz. 5-amino-1 H-tetrazole, 5-carboxyl-1 H-tetrazole, and 2-methyl-5-carboxyl-tetrazole, their aromatic characters are extensively analyzed by virtue of different estimation method. Analyses show that these methods, Nucleus-independent Chemical Shift, iso-chemical shielding surface, adaptive natural density partitioning, π-electrons density, and localized orbital locator of π-electron density are efficient for substituted-tetrazole ring aromaticity estimation. Conclusion denotes that both substituent and substituted position can significantly affect the aromaticity of tetrazole ring of tetrazole compound. Among these given substituents, electro-withdrawing group -COOH significantly increases the aromaticity of the tetrazole rings due to the withdrawing to π-electrons thereof but electro-donating group -NH2 weakens the one of the tetrazole rings due to the donating to π-electrons thereof. But for 2-methyl-5-carboxyl-tetrazole, the aromaticity increasing of -COOH imposed on π-electrons of tetrazole ring thereof is partially balanced by the existence of the electron-donating group -CH3 at asymmetric meta-position of tetrazole ring. Consequently, the aromaticity order is 5-Carboxyl-1 H-tetrazole > 2-methyl-5-Carboxyl-tetrazole > 5-amino-1 H-tetrazole.
From Minkowski to de Sitter vacua with various geometries
Authors: Pallis Constantinos 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNew no-scale supergravity models with F-term SUSY breaking are introduced, adopting Kähler potentials parameterizing flat or curved (compact or non-compact) Kähler manifolds. We systematically derive the form of the superpotentials leading to Minkowski vacua. Combining two types of these superpotentials we can also determine de Sitter or anti-de Sitter vacua. The construction can be easily extended to multi-modular settings of mixed geometry. The corresponding soft SUSY-breaking parameters are also derived.
Practice Variation in Proximal Phalangeal Fracture Management
Authors: SIVAKUMAR Brahman , ROSS Mark , GRAHAM David J. 
Published: April 2023

Background: Practice variation may indicate a lack of evidence to guide management. This study investigated the preferences of operative management of proximal phalangeal fractures in Australian hand surgeons, as well as factors that may account for variations. Methods: An electronic survey of all members of the Australian Hand Surgery Society was performed. Surgeon demographic factors and surgical preferences were investigated. Three common proximal phalangeal fracture configurations were presented as cases. Potential predictors of management were explored. Results: A total of 51.9% of active hand surgeons responded. Orthopaedic surgeons were more comfortable with lateral plating and intramedullary screw fixation, while plastic surgeons preferred Kirschner wire (K-wire) fixation. Junior surgeons were more likely to believe that intramedullary screw fixation produced superior results. 53.0% of surgeons in a tertiary environment believed that adequate hand therapy was key (compared to 17.0% of clinicians in a secondary hospital). Conclusions: There is significant practice variation and a lack of standards in the management of a common clinical problem, as well as a lack of consensus on the evidence underpinning common fixation methods. Further research is needed. Level of Evidence: Level IV (Therapeutic)
Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Arthrodesis of the Hand Utilising a Rigid Intramedullary Device
Authors: TAYLOR Fraser , JOHNS Nicholas , MANOHORAN Varuguna , GRAHAM David 
Published: April 2023

The proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) is critical for proper finger and hand function. Arthritis of this joint can lead to significant pain and functional impairment. The APEX IP® Extremity Medical fusion device (Extremity Medical, Parsippany, New Jersey, USA) is an interlocking intramedullary screw device that provides a reliable method of hand PIPJ arthrodesis with good patient outcomes. We describe an easily reproducible surgical technique guide for using this device. Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
Endoscopic-assisted Infraclavicular Approach for First-Rib Resection in Neurologic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: A Report of Two Cases
Authors: SUZUKI Taku , KIMURA Hiroo , MATSUMURA Noboru , IWAMOTO Takuji 
Published: April 2023

Various reported surgical approaches for the treatment of thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) exist and no firm evidence exists for any approach. A 16-year-old and a 29-year-old male presented with numbness in the upper limb. Neurologic TOS was diagnosed, and surgery was planned for the resection of the first rib and scalene muscles. Through an infraclavicular incision, open resection of the anterior scalene muscle and the anterior aspect of the first rib was performed. With the assistance of endoscopy, the middle scalene muscles and the posterior aspect of the first rib were resected. Preoperative symptoms improved after surgery without any complications. The endoscopic-assisted infraclavicular approach enabled resection of the first rib and scalene muscles, leading to satisfactory outcomes. Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
Survival of Middle Eastern and North African Individuals Diagnosed with Colorectal Cancer: A Population-Based Study in California
Authors: Zaki Timothy A. , Ziogas Argyrios , Chang Jenny , Murphy Caitlin C. , Anton-Culver Hoda 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background:
Literature on colorectal cancer outcomes in individuals of Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) descent is limited. To address this gap, we estimated five-year colorectal cancer–specific survival by race and ethnicity, including MENA individuals, in a diverse, population-based sample in California.

Methods:
We identified adults (ages 18–79 years) diagnosed with a first or only colorectal cancer in 2004 to 2017 using the California Cancer Registry (CCR), including non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic Asian, Hispanic, and MENA individuals. For each racial/ethnic group, we calculated five-year colorectal cancer–specific survival and used Cox proportional hazards regression models to examine the association of race/ethnicity and survival, adjusting for clinical and socio demographic factors.

Results:
Of 110,192 persons diagnosed with colorectal cancer, five-year colorectal cancer–specific survival was lowest in Black (61.0%) and highest in MENA (73.2%) individuals. Asian (72.2%) individuals had higher survival than White (70.0%) and Hispanic (68.2%) individuals. In adjusted analysis, MENA [adjusted HR (aHR), 0.82; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.76–0.89], Asian (aHR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.83–0.90), and Hispanic (aHR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.91–0.97) race/ethnicity were associated with higher, and Black (aHR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.09–1.18) race/ethnicity was associated with lower survival compared with non-Hispanic White race/ethnicity.

Conclusions:
To our knowledge, this is the first study to report colorectal cancer survival in MENA individuals in the United States. We observed higher survival of MENA individuals compared with other racial/ethnic groups, adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical factors.

Impact:
Future studies are needed to identify factors contributing to cancer outcomes in this unique population.
Tobacco Smoke Is a Major Source of Aromatic Amine Exposure in U.S. Adults: 2013–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)
Authors: Seyler Tiffany , Mazumder Shrila , Ahamed Rayaj , Zhu Wanzhe , Blount Benjamin C. , Apelberg Benjamin J. , Wang Lanqing 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background:
Cigarette smoking increases the risk of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and premature death. Aromatic amines (AA) are found in cigarette smoke and are well-established human bladder carcinogens.

Methods:
We measured and compared total urinary levels of 1-aminonaphthalene (1AMN), 2-aminonaphthalene (2AMN), and 4-aminobiphenyl (4ABP) in adults who smoked cigarettes exclusively and in adult nonusers of tobacco products from a nationally representative sample of non-institutionalized U.S. population in the 2013–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Results:
Sample-weighted geometric mean concentrations of AAs in adults who smoked cigarettes exclusively compared with adult nonusers were 30 times higher for 1AMN and 4 to 6 times higher for 2AMN and 4ABP. We evaluated the association of tobacco-smoke exposure with urinary AAs using sample-weighted multiple linear regression models to control for age, sex, race/ethnicity, diet, and urinary creatinine. Secondhand smoke exposure status was categorized using serum cotinine (SCOT) among adult nonusers (SCOT ≤ 10 ng/mL). The exposure for adults who smoked cigarettes exclusively (SCOT &gt; 10 ng/mL) was categorized on the basis of the average number of self-reported cigarettes smoked per day (CPD) in the five days prior to urine collection. The regression models show AAs concentration increased with increasing CPD (P &lt; 0.001). Dietary-intake variables derived from the 24-hours recall questionnaire were not consistently significant predictors of urinary AAs.

Conclusions:
This is the first characterized total urinary AA concentrations of the U.S. adult non-institutionalized population. Our analyses show that smoking status is a major contributor to AA exposures.

Impact:
These data provide a crucial baseline for exposure to three AAs in U.S. non-institutionalized adults.
Japan’s Space Diplomacy in a World of Great Power Competition
Authors: Pekkanen Saadia M. 
Published: April 2023

Summary
This article probes Japan’s space diplomacy in a world returned to great power competition. Today, Japan’s space diplomacy manifests in a wide variety of contexts at the global, regional and bilateral levels. The principal argument is that the Japanese state is responding to gathering external threats through diplomacy that communicates, persuades and bargains in the country’s science, economic and military space interests. This proactive positioning allows Japan to situate its advanced technologies in the context of fierce economic competition, cultivate an image as a pacifist and responsible actor in the turbulent international order, and set pragmatic expectations about building peaceful prospects in outer space.
Agricultural Prices in Scotland 1826–1974: County Level Data
Authors: Sawkins John W. , Smith Eric P. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This article presents a dataset comprising Scottish agricultural prices for the period 1826–1974. The data are derived from an archived source in which prices set at meetings of courts held across each of Scotland’s 32 historic counties were recorded. The courts, convened by county sheriffs, met once a year to gather evidence relating to county-wide prices for crops grown within each locality. Once set, the prices were used, primarily, to determine the annual stipends of the clergy of the established Church of Scotland. Prices varied according to crop variety and quality, with some counties setting up to three prices in any one year for one type of grain. The most widely grown crop was oatmeal, with wheat, peas and barley also extensively farmed. The system operated without interruption until the abolition of the ‘fiars’ courts in 1974. The dataset opens two key areas of research. First it enables the further development of analyses of the integration and operation of Scottish regional grain markets in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Second it facilitates empirical analyses of the operation of the clerical labour market in Scotland for which long runs of stipend (wage) data collected on a consistent basis are required.