bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemic trends of dyslipidemia in young adults: a real-world study including more than 20,000 samples
Authors: Liu Liang-Yu , Aimaiti Xiyidan , Zheng Ying-Ying , Zhi Xiao-Yu , Wang Zhi-Long , Yin Xin , Pan Ying , Wu Ting-Ting , Xie Xiang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
There is an urgent need to learn more about the epidemiological features of dyslipidemia in youth to address the high burden of cardiovascular disease.

Methods
This experiment was an observational, cross-sectional study. The samples were collected from 22,379 college students at Xinjiang Medical University.

Result
The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia was 13.17%, which was significantly higher in men (23%) than in women (7.2%), p < 0.01. Similarly, the prevalence rate of obesity in men (11.4%) was significantly higher than that in women (3.4%). The composition of blood lipids, such as triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), began to increase gradually from the age of 22 and showed a sharp increase after the age of 30; however, a reverse trend was present in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). In terms of the proportion of dyslipidemia in both men and women, low HDL-C accounted for the largest proportion (74%), followed by elevated TGs (14.5%). The overall distribution of rates of dyslipidemia and excess weight showed a U-shaped trend with increasing age, with the lowest rates seen in the 20–24 age group.

Conclusion
Our study sheds light on the epidemiological features of dyslipidemia in young adults and enriches the limited data available on dyslipidemia, providing a reference for the close monitoring and control of risk factors to reduce the occurrence and progression of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events.
Identifying barriers and facilitators to COVID-19 vaccination uptake among People Who Use Drugs in Canada: a National Qualitative Study
Authors: Ali Farihah , Kaura Ashima , Russell Cayley , Bonn Matthew , Bruneau Julie , Dasgupta Nabarun , Imtiaz Sameer , Martel-Laferrière Valérie , Rehm Jürgen , Shahin Rita , Elton-Marshall Tara 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
People Who Use Drugs (PWUD) have lower vaccination uptake than the general population, and disproportionately experience the burden of harms from vaccine-preventable diseases. We conducted a national qualitative study to: (1) identify the barriers and facilitators to receiving COVID-19 vaccinations among PWUD; and (2) identify interventions to support PWUD in their decision-making.

Methods
Between March and October 2022, semi-structured interviews with PWUD across Canada were conducted. Fully vaccinated (2 or more doses) and partially or unvaccinated (1 dose or less) participants were recruited from a convenience sample to participate in telephone interviews to discuss facilitators, barriers, and concerns about receiving COVID-19 vaccines and subsequent boosters, and ways to address concerns. A total of 78 PWUD participated in the study, with 50 participants being fully vaccinated and 28 participants partially or unvaccinated. Using thematic analysis, interviews were coded based on the capability, opportunity, and motivation-behavior (COM-B) framework.

Results
Many partially or unvaccinated participants reported lacking knowledge about the COVID-19 vaccine, particularly in terms of its usefulness and benefits. Some participants reported lacking knowledge around potential long-term side effects of the vaccine, and the differences of the various vaccine brands. Distrust toward government and healthcare agencies, the unprecedented rapidity of vaccine development and skepticism of vaccine effectiveness were also noted as barriers. Facilitators for vaccination included a desire to protect oneself or others and compliance with government mandates which required individuals to get vaccinated in order to access services, attend work or travel. To improve vaccination uptake, the most trusted and appropriate avenues for vaccination information sharing were identified by participants to be people with lived and living experience with drug use (PWLLE), harm reduction workers, or healthcare providers working within settings commonly visited by PWUD.

Conclusion
PWLLE should be supported to design tailored information to reduce barriers and address mistrust. Resources addressing knowledge gaps should be disseminated in areas and through organizations where PWUD frequently access, such as harm reduction services and social media platforms.
Predictors of fear control related to COVID-19 among older population: an investigation on COVID-19 risk perception and health related quality of life during the pandemic
Authors: Avazzadeh Saeedeh , Gilani Neda , Jahangiry Leila 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to examine the role of demographic characteristics, general health and health related quality of life on the fear control. Also, the aim of study was to explore how older people percept the COVID-19 pandemic by using the component of the expanded parallel process model (EPPM), and how the possible perception may contribute to probable behavior responses to prevention and control of COVID-19.MethodsThe present study is a cross-sectional study that was conducted in Tabriz, a city in north of Iran from February to April 2021, the period that correspond with the fourth wave of COVID-19. To collect information, the Covid-19 risk perception questionnaire (based on EPPM model including efficacy, defensive responses, and perceived threat) and health related quality of life (HQOL) Short Form-36 questionnaire were used. Discriminate value was calculated to estimate fear control and danger control. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression were calculated to examine the effect of demographic characteristics, general health and health-related quality of life on the fear control.ResultsThe mean age of the 350 participants was 67.9 (6.4) years. A total of 83.1% of participants were engaged in danger control processes and 16.9% in fear control processes. According to the multivariable results, significant predictors for fear control were: gender 1.57 (95% CI 1.05–2.34, 0.025), education 7.38 (1.42–38.35,p = 0.017), economic status 1.31 (0.4–0.63,p = 0.029), and significant protective factors for fear control were: body pain 0.97 (0.94–0.99,p = 0.041), general health 0.96 (0.93–0.98,p = 0.032), physical health 0.94 (0.90–0.98) and total quality of life 0.024 (0.89–0.98).ConclusionsStrong associations of fear control were found with being female, being illiterate, and having a good economic status and also body pain, general health, physical health and total HQOL were significantly associated with danger control. Since, most of elderly populations have adequately higher perceptions of efficacy to counteract their threat perceptions to continue motivating these older people to engage in COVID-19 self-protective behaviors, it is necessary to emphasis on the susceptibility of target population and the severity of the COVID-19 threats.
TRIM58 functions as a tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer by promoting RECQL4 ubiquitination to inhibit the AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Sun Naizhi , Shen Jiacheng , Shi Yuhua , Liu Biao , Gao Shengguo , Chen Yichuan , Sun Jinwei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms of TRIM58 in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). CRC is one of the most common cancers of the digestive tract worldwide. The ubiquitin–proteasome system regulates many oncogenic or tumor-suppressive proteins. TRIM58, an E3 ubiquitin ligase and a member of the tripartite motif protein family, is a potential prognostic marker that indicates poor prognosis in cancer. Currently, the precise molecular mechanisms for the TRIM58-mediated CRC progression remain unclear.

Methods
To examine the effects of TRIM58 on cell viability, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis in CRC, Cell Counting Kit-8 and flow cytometry assays were employed. The AKT inhibitor LY294002 was used to examine the effects of AKT signaling on TRIM58-mediated cell viability, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis in CRC. Additionally, Co-IP and ubiquitination assays were used to examine the correlation between TRIM58 and RECQL4.

Results
TRIM58 overexpression inhibited CRC cell viability and promoted cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, in which the TRIM58 knockdown demonstrated inversed effects via the AKT signaling pathway. TRIM58 inhibited RECQL4 protein levels through its ubiquitin ligase activity, and RECQL4 overexpression inhibited TRIM58 overexpression-mediated CRC cell viability, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis. The downregulation of TRIM58 and upregulation of RECOL4 were observed in human CRC tissue, and TRIM58 demonstrated antitumor effects in CRC-induced tumor growth in a mouse model.

Conclusions
TRIM58 acts as a tumor suppressor in CRC through the promotion of RECQL4 ubiquitination and inhibition of the AKT signaling pathway and may be investigated for the successful treatment of CRC.
Ferroptosis in tumors and its relationship to other programmed cell death: role of non-coding RNAs
Authors: Zhang Qi , Fan Xinfeng , Zhang Xinyu , Ju Shaoqing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractProgrammed cell death (PCD) plays an important role in many aspects of individual development, maintenance of body homeostasis and pathological processes. Ferroptosis is a novel form of PCD characterized by the accumulation of iron-dependent lipid peroxides resulting in lethal cell damage. It contributes to tumor progression in an apoptosis-independent manner. In recent years, an increasing number of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been demonstrated to mediate the biological process of ferroptosis, hence impacting carcinogenesis, progression, drug resistance, and prognosis. However, the clear regulatory mechanism for this phenomenon remains poorly understood. Moreover, ferroptosis does not usually exist independently. Its interaction with PCD, like apoptosis, necroptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, and cuproptosis, to destroy cells appears to exist. Furthermore, ncRNA seems to be involved. Here, we review the mechanisms by which ferroptosis occurs, dissect its relationship with other forms of death, summarize the key regulatory roles played by ncRNAs, raise relevant questions and predict possible barriers to its application in the clinic, offering new ideas for targeted tumour therapy.
Desmoplastic small round cell tumor of the liver: diagnosing a rare case on liver biopsy
Authors: Feng Xiao , Tao Jing , Zhou Qiang , Qiao Yi-Dan , He Le-Jian , Zhang Nan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDesmoplastic small round-cell tumors (DSRCT) frequently develop in the retroperitoneum, pelvis, omentum, and mesentery. Here, we present an unusual case of primary DSRCT in the liver. The patient was an 11-year-old boy with multiple solid masses in the liver parenchyma. The tumor in the needle biopsy had a histology revealing a small round cell morphology and desmoplasia. It shows the immunohistochemical features of DSRCT and documentation of EWSR1-WT1 fusion.A potential diagnostic pitfall is exerted when evaluating liver biopsy, in which DSRCT is a great mimicker and may be easily confused with more common liver malignancies of childhood, such as hepatoblastoma, calcifying nested stromal-epithelial tumor, undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma, and other small round cell tumors, as well as the fibrolamellar variant of hepatocellular carcinoma. This distinction is critical because an accurate therapeutic approach requires a correct diagnosis.
Atmospheric correction of vegetation reflectance with simulation-trained deep learning for ground-based hyperspectral remote sensing
Authors: Qamar Farid , Dobler Gregory 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundVegetation spectral reflectance obtained with hyperspectral imaging (HSI) offer non-invasive means for the non-destructive study of their physiological status. The light intensity at visible and near-infrared wavelengths (VNIR, 0.4–1.0µm) captured by the sensor are composed of mixtures of spectral components that include the vegetation reflectance, atmospheric attenuation, top-of-atmosphere solar irradiance, and sensor artifacts. Common methods for the extraction of spectral reflectance from the at-sensor spectral radiance offer a trade-off between explicit knowledge of atmospheric conditions and concentrations, computational efficiency, and prediction accuracy, and are generally geared towards nadir pointing platforms. Therefore, a method is needed for the accurate extraction of vegetation reflectance from spectral radiance captured by ground-based remote sensors with a side-facing orientation towards the target, and a lack of knowledge of the atmospheric parameters.ResultsWe propose a framework for obtaining the vegetation spectral reflectance from at-sensor spectral radiance, which relies on a time-dependent Encoder-Decoder Convolutional Neural Network trained and tested using simulated spectra generated from radiative transfer modeling. Simulated at-sensor spectral radiance are produced from combining 1440 unique simulated solar angles and atmospheric absorption profiles, and 1000 different spectral reflectance curves of vegetation with various health indicator values, together with sensor artifacts. Creating an ensemble of 10 models, each trained and tested on a separate 10% of the dataset, results in the prediction of the vegetation spectral reflectance with a testing r2of 98.1% (±0.4). This method produces consistently high performance with accuracies >90% for spectra with resolutions as low as 40 channels in VNIR each with 40 nm full width at half maximum (FWHM) and greater, and remains viable with accuracies >80% down to a resolution of 10 channels with 60 nm FWHM. When applied to real sensor obtained spectral radiance data, the predicted spectral reflectance curves showed general agreement and consistency with those corrected by the Compound Ratio method.ConclusionsWe propose a method that allows for the accurate estimation of the vegetation spectral reflectance from ground-based HSI platforms with sufficient spectral resolution. It is capable of extracting the vegetation spectral reflectance at high accuracy in the absence of knowledge of the exact atmospheric compositions and conditions at time of capture, and the lack of available sensor-measured spectral radiance and their true ground-truth spectral reflectance profiles.
Risk factors analysis and risk prediction model construction of non-specific low back pain: an ambidirectional cohort study
Authors: Lu Wenjie , Shen Zecheng , Chen Yunlin , Hu Xudong , Ruan Chaoyue , Ma Weihu , Jiang Weiyu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Non-specific low back pain (NLBP) is a common clinical condition that affects approximately 60–80% of adults worldwide. However, there is currently a lack of scientific prediction and evaluation systems in clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors of NLBP and construct a risk prediction model.

Methods
We collected baseline data from 707 patients who met the inclusion criteria and were treated at the Sixth Hospital of Ningbo from December 2020 to December 2022. Logistic regression and LASSO regression were used to screen independent risk factors that influence the onset of NLBP and to construct a risk prediction model. The sensitivity and specificity of the model were evaluated by tenfold cross-validation, and internal validation was performed in the validation set.

Results
Age, gender, BMI, education level, marital status, exercise frequency, history of low back pain, labor intensity, working posture, exposure to vibration sources, and psychological status were found to be significantly associated with the onset of NLBP. Using these 11 predictive factors, a nomogram was constructed, and the area under the ROC curve of the training set was 0.835 (95% CI 0.756–0.914), with a sensitivity of 0.771 and a specificity of 0.800. The area under the ROC curve of the validation set was 0.762 (95% CI 0.665–0.858), with a sensitivity of 0.800 and a specificity of 0.600, indicating that the predictive value of the model for the diagnosis of NLBP was high. In addition, the calibration curve showed a high degree of consistency between the predicted and actual survival probabilities.

Conclusion
We have developed a preliminary predictive model for NLBP and constructed a nomogram to predict the onset of NLBP. The model demonstrated good performance and may be useful for the prevention and treatment of NLBP in clinical practice.
Total choline intake and working memory performance in adults with phenylketonuria
Authors: Schoen Meriah S. , Boland Kelly M. , Christ Shawn E. , Cui Xiangqin , Ramakrishnan Usha , Ziegler Thomas R. , Alvarez Jessica A. , Singh Rani H. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite early diagnosis and compliance with phenylalanine (Phe)-restricted diets, many individuals with phenylketonuria (PKU) still exhibit neurological changes and experience deficits in working memory and other executive functions. Suboptimal choline intake may contribute to these impairments, but this relationship has not been previously investigated in PKU. The objective of this study was to determine if choline intake is correlated with working memory performance, and if this relationship is modified by diagnosis and metabolic control.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study that included 40 adults with PKU and 40 demographically matched healthy adults. Web-based neurocognitive tests were used to assess working memory performance and 3-day dietary records were collected to evaluate nutrient intake. Recent and historical blood Phe concentrations were collected as measures of metabolic control.ResultsWorking memory performance was 0.32 z-scores (95% CI 0.06, 0.58) lower, on average, in participants with PKU compared to participants without PKU, and this difference was not modified by total choline intake (F[1,75] = 0.85,p = 0.36). However, in a subgroup with complete historical blood Phe data, increased total choline intake was related to improved working memory outcomes among participants with well controlled PKU (Phe = 360 µmol/L) after adjusting for intellectual ability and mid-childhood Phe concentrations (average change in working memory per 100 mg change in choline = 0.11; 95% CI 0.02, 0.20;p = 0.02). There also was a trend, albeit nonsignificant (p = 0.10), for this association to be attenuated with increased Phe concentrations.ConclusionsClinical monitoring of choline intake is essential for all individuals with PKU but may have important implications for working memory functioning among patients with good metabolic control. Results from this study should be confirmed in a larger controlled trial in people living with PKU.
Autoimmune adrenal insufficiency in children: a hint for polyglandular syndrome type 2?
Authors: Arrigoni Marta , Cavarzere Paolo , Nicolussi Principe Lara , Gaudino Rossella , Antoniazzi Franco 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) in childhood is a life-threatening disease most commonly due to impaired steroidogenesis. Differently from adulthood, autoimmune adrenalitis is a rare condition amongst PAI’s main aetiologies and could present as an isolated disorder or as a component of polyglandular syndromes, particularly type 2. As a matter of fact, autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS) type 2 consists of the association between autoimmune Addison’s disease, type 1 diabetes mellitus and/or Hashimoto’s disease.

Case presentation
We report the case of an 8-year-old girl who presented Addison’s disease and autoimmune thyroiditis at an early stage of life. The initial course of the disease was characterized by numerous crises of adrenal insufficiency, subsequently the treatment was adjusted in a tertiary hospital with improvement of disease control.

Conclusions
APS type 2 is a rare condition during childhood, probably because it may remain latent for long periods before resulting in the overt disease. We recommend an early detection of APS type 2 and an adequate treatment of adrenal insufficiency in a tertiary hospital. Moreover, we underline the importance of a regular follow-up in patients with autoimmune diseases, since unrevealed and incomplete forms are frequent, especially in childhood.
Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial of in-home decluttering augmentation of group cognitive-behavioral therapy for hoarding disorder: the Joining Forces Trial
Authors: Jägholm Sofia , Lindstedt Sara , Andersson Erik , Mataix-Cols David , Fernández de la Cruz Lorena , Rück Christian , Ivanov Volen Z. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a moderately efficacious treatment for hoarding disorder (HD), with most individuals remaining symptomatic after treatment. The Joining Forces Trial will evaluate whether 10 weeks of in-home decluttering can significantly augment the outcomes of group CBT.

Methods
A randomized controlled trial of in-home decluttering augmentation of group CBT for HD. Adult participants with HD (N = 90) will receive 12 weeks of protocol-based group CBT for HD. After group CBT, participants will be randomized to either 10 weeks of in-home decluttering led by a social services team or a waitlist. The primary endpoint is 10 weeks post-randomization. The primary outcome measures are the self-reported Saving Inventory-Revised and the blind assessor-rated Clutter Image Rating. Participants on the waitlist will cross over to receive the in-home decluttering intervention after the primary endpoint. Data will be analyzed according to intention-to-treat principles. We will also evaluate the cost-effectiveness of this intervention from both healthcare and societal perspectives.

Discussion
HD is challenging to treat with conventional psychological treatments. We hypothesize that in-home decluttering sessions carried out by personnel in social services will be an efficacious and cost-effective augmentation strategy of group CBT for HD. Recruitment started in January 2021, and the final participant is expected to reach the primary endpoint in December 2024.

Trail registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04712474. Registered on 15 January 2021
Efficacy of beetroot juice on reducing blood pressure in hypertensive adults with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (BEET-PKD): study protocol for a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Sagar Priyanka S. , Munt Alexandra , Saravanabavan Sayanthooran , Vahedi Farnoosh Asghar , Elhindi James , Nguyen Beatrice , Chau Katrina , Harris David C. , Lee Vincent , Sud Kamal , Wong Nikki , Rangan Gopala K. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
In autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) impaired nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, in part, contributes to early-onset hypertension. Beetroot juice (BRJ) reduces blood pressure (BP) by increasing NO-mediated vasodilation. The aim of this double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study is to test the hypothesis that BRJ reduces systolic and diastolic clinic BP in hypertensive adults with ADPKD.

Methods
Participants with ADPKD and treated hypertension (n = 60) will be randomly allocated (1:1) to receive a daily dose of either nitrate-replete (400 mg nitrate/day) or nitrate-deplete BRJ for 4 weeks. The co-primary outcomes are change in mean systolic and diastolic clinic BP before and after 4 weeks of treatment with daily BRJ. Secondary outcomes are changes in daily home BP, urinary albumin to creatinine ratio, serum and salivary nitrate/nitrite levels and serum asymmetric dimethylarginine levels before and after 4 weeks of BRJ.

Discussion
The effect of BRJ in ADPKD has not been previously tested. BRJ is an accessible, natural dietary supplement that, if effective, will provide a novel adjunctive approach for treating hypertension in ADPKD.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05401409. Retrospectively registered on 27th May 2022.