bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paving the way towards future‐proofing our crops
Authors: Baekelandt Alexandra , Saltenis Vandasue L. R. , Nacry Philippe , Malyska Aleksandra , Cornelissen Marc , Nanda Amrit Kaur , Nair Abhishek , Rogowsky Peter , Pauwels Laurens , Muller Bertrand , Collén Jonas , Blomme Jonas , Pribil Mathias , Scharff Lars B. , Davies Jessica , Wilhelm Ralf , Rolland Norbert , Harbinson Jeremy , Boerjan Wout , Murchie Erik H. , Burgess Alexandra J. , Cohan Jean‐Pierre , Debaeke Philippe , Thomine Sébastien , Inzé Dirk , Lankhorst René Klein , Parry Martin A. J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTo meet the increasing global demand for food, feed, fibre and other plant‐derived products, a steep increase in crop productivity is a scientifically and technically challenging imperative. The CropBooster‐P project, a response to the H2020 call ‘Future proofing our plants’, is developing a roadmap for plant research to improve crops critical for the future of European agriculture by increasing crop yield, nutritional quality, value for non‐food applications and sustainability. However, if we want to efficiently improve crop production in Europe and prioritize methods for crop trait improvement in the coming years, we need to take into account future socio‐economic, technological and global developments, including numerous policy and socio‐economic challenges and constraints. Based on a wide range of possible global trends and key uncertainties, we developed four extreme future learning scenarios that depict complementary future developments. Here, we elaborate on how the scenarios could inform and direct future plant research, and we aim to highlight the crop improvement approaches that could be the most promising or appropriate within each of these four future world scenarios. Moreover, we discuss some key plant technology options that would need to be developed further to meet the needs of multiple future learning scenarios, such as improving methods for breeding and genetic engineering. In addition, other diverse platforms of food production may offer unrealized potential, such as underutilized terrestrial and aquatic species as alternative sources of nutrition and biomass production. We demonstrate that although several methods or traits could facilitate a more efficient crop production system in some of the scenarios, others may offer great potential in all four of the future learning scenarios. Altogether, this indicates that depending on which future we are heading toward, distinct plant research fields should be given priority if we are to meet our food, feed and non‐food biomass production needs in the coming decades.
Gryllus bimaculatus‐containing diets protect against dexamethasone‐induced muscle atrophy, but not high‐fat diet‐induced obesity
Authors: Kim Min Hee , Kim Su‐Jeong , Kim Si‐Hyun , Park Woo‐Jae , Han Jung‐Soon 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSarcopenia and obesity are emerging as major social problems. In this study, we examined whether Gryllus bimaculatus (GB), an edible insect, prevents dexamethasone‐induced muscle atrophy (sarcopenia) or high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced obesity in mice. We generated a standard chow diet (SCD) + GB (85% SCD and 15% GB powder) and HFD + GB (85% HFD and 15% GB powder). SCD + GB feeding increased gains in body weight and white adipose tissue (WAT). Despite no difference in weight change between HFD + GB‐ and HFD‐fed mice, HFD + GB feeding aggravated insulin resistance compared with HFD feeding. SCD + GB or HFD + GB feeding did not change most gene expressions in the liver and WAT but did increase MyHC1 expression in the muscle, meaning that GB increased muscle generation. Therefore, we fed SCD + GB with dexamethasone, which induces muscle degeneration. As a result, muscle fiber size increased, as did grip strength compared with dexamethasone‐injected mice. In addition, SCD + GB reduced the expression of muscle degradation factors, such as atrogin1 and muscle RING‐finger protein 1 (MuRF1). Furthermore, SCD + GB feeding increased Akt, mTOR, and p70S6K phosphorylation and MyHC1 expression, meaning that it may have increased protein synthesis. In conclusion, GB has great potential for inhibiting dexamethasone‐induced muscle mass loss by increasing muscle protein synthesis and inhibiting muscle protein degradation.
Keeping an eye on cost: What can eye tracking tell us about attention to cost information in discrete choice experiments?
Authors: Genie Mesfin G. , Ryan Mandy , Krucien Nicolas 
Published: February 2023

AbstractConcern has been expressed about including a cost attribute within discrete choice experiments (DCEs) when individuals do not have to pay at the point of consumption. We use eye tracking to investigate attention to cost when valuing publicly financed health care. One‐hundred and four individuals completed a DCE concerned with preferences for UK general practitioner appointments: 51 responded to a DCE with cost included and 53 to the same DCE without cost. Eye‐movements were tracked whilst respondents completed the DCE. We assessed if respondents pay attention to cost. We then compare fixation time (FT) on attributes, eye movement patterns and mental effort across the experimental groups. Results are encouraging for the inclusion of cost in DCEs valuing publicly provided healthcare. Most respondents gave visual attention to the cost attribute most of the time. Average FT on multi‐attribute tasks increased by 44% in the cost DCE, with attention to non‐monetary attributes increasing by 22%. Including cost led to more structured decision‐making and did not increase mental effort. Acceptability of the cost attribute and difficulty of choice tasks were predictors of cost information processing, highlighting the importance of both motivating the cost attribute and considering difficulty of the tasks when developing DCEs.
The perception and utilization of community care services by older persons in the new urban areas of Beijing, China: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Cheng Yang , Guang Ruiqing , Phillips David , Rosenberg Mark 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsIn recent years, Beijing, similar to many other large cities in China, has experienced rapid urbanization in many new areas. These have often been locations of population aging but have not had concomitant development of required community care services for older persons. This study aims to understand the perception and utilization of newly developed community care services by the older persons living in this region for providing knowledge to improve the services.MethodsApplying Andersen's behavior model, this study used binary logistic regression of the factors influencing the perception and utilization of community care services and analyzed data collected by questionnaires to 301 older persons in the new urban areas of Beijing.ResultsEducation, income, activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living, mental health, and economic needs are statistically significant factors affecting older persons' perception of community care services. Age, perception of community care services, income, neighborhood relationships, mental health, and emotional needs are significant factors affecting older persons' utilization of community care services.ConclusionDemographic characteristics, health status, social support, and care needs were significant factors in the perception and utilization of community care services, after controlling for many variables. Improving older persons' perceptions of community care services is likely to promote their access to the services, which should help meet the challenges of rapid population aging in providing community care services to support aging in place in the new urban areas of Beijing, China.
A cross‐sectional study of university students' pocket money variance and its relationship with digital health literacy and subjective well‐being in Ghana
Authors: Quansah Frank , Ankomah Francis , Agormedah Edmond Kwesi , Ntumi Simon , Hagan John Elvis , Srem‐Sai Medina , Dadaczynski Kevin , Okan Orkan , Schack Thomas 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundMental health concerns of university students are gaining more attention since the emergence of the coronavirus disease. Consequently, scholars in education, health and psychology‐related fields have attributed the dwindling subjective well‐being (SWB) of students to their low levels of digital health literacy (DHL). However, little attention has been paid to an important variable like pocket money (PM) which might serve as a buffer against reduced levels of SWB. In this study, we explored the dynamics of PM and its linkage with DHL and SWB among university students in Ghana.MethodsWith a cross‐sectional design, a convenient sample of 1160 students was obtained from the University of Education, Winneba, Ghana. The COVID‐DHL and WHO‐5 Well‐being instruments were used for the data collection for a 2 months period (February–March, 2021). Chi‐square test, multivariate regression, simple linear regression, and PROCESS mediation analyses were performed with the use of SPSS software version 25.ResultsThe study found that while most of the students were financially supported by their parents (n = 715, 61.6%), a larger proportion of them reported that their PM was either less sufficient or not sufficient (n = 550; 76.9%). Findings revealed a positive relationship between PM and SWB (B = −36.419, p < 0.001; B = −13.146, p = 0.012; B = −10.930, p = 0.043), with this relationship mediated by DHL (B = −1.139, confidence interval [CI] [−2.073, −0.263] vs. −2.300, CI [−4.290, −0.532] vs. −8.366, CI [−14.863, −1.908]).ConclusionsStudents with little to insufficient PM were vulnerable to mental health problems, although this could be buffered by the high DHL levels. In practical terms, not only should the PM of university students be increased, but the sources of PM should be complemented since the sufficiency level of PM was associated with the source of finance. More importantly, parents should be empowered through job creation so that sufficient levels of PM can be provided to university students.
Effects of remote facilitation on ankle joint movement: Focusing on occlusal strength and balance
Authors: Yamada Yuki , Hirabayashi Ryo , Okada Yoshiyuki , Yokota Hirotake , Sekine Chie , Edama Mutsuaki 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundRemote facilitation refers to teeth occlusion‐activated spinal cord activity resulting in increased trunk and limb muscle strength. Facilitation depends on dentition‐related pressure during occlusion and masticatory muscle contraction strength.AimsThis study aimed to clarify the neurophysiological phenomenon and mechanisms by which occlusal strength and balance affect leg muscle activity and smooth joint movement execution.Materials & MethodsTo examine occlusal strength, three conditions were set: no contact between teeth and Moderate‐ and Maximum‐strength occlusion (No‐bite, Moderate, and Max conditions, respectively). To assess occlusal balance, we measured occlusal forces and calculated the left‐right force ratio. We designated the sides with higher and lower occlusal pressure as hypertonic and hypotonic, respectively. We assessed ankle dorsiflexion movements with joint movement and isometric tasks.ResultsThe rate of joint development and peak ankle dorsiflexion torque were significantly higher under occlusion (moderate and max compared to No‐bite conditions), and the joint movement performance time was significantly shorter under Moderate compared to No‐bite conditions. The joint movement execution time change rate from No‐bite to Moderate condition was significantly lower on the Hypertonic side. Joint movement function was most improved under Moderate conditions.DiscussionWhile remote facilitation improves with higher occlusal strength, leading to increased muscle strength, there is optimal occlusion intensity in joint movement. Moreover, an occlusal balance‐dependent imbalance exists in remote facilitation between the Hyper‐ and Hypotonic sides.ConclusionThus, low‐intensity occlusion is optimal for smooth joint movement, and unbalanced occlusion results in asymmetrical motor function facilitation.
Influence of the 2021 Brood X cicada emergence on near surface hydrology in forested and urban landscapes
Authors: Ficklin Darren L. , Kelleher Christa , Bergan Ellen V. , Myers Daniel T. , Adelsperger Seth , Hardman Erin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe 2021 emergence of the 17‐year Brood X cicadas (Magicicada septendecim,M. cassinii, andM. septendecula) saw billions of cicadas emerge from the soil throughout the midwestern and eastern United States. The emergence left connected burrows visible at the surface, which are hypothesized to affect near surface hydrologic processes. To investigate these processes, we used single‐ring, dual head infiltrometers to measure field saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kfs,n = 70) across patterns of emergence and land use in south‐central Indiana, USA. Our experimental design included locations with and without cicada burrows in forested (undisturbed) and urbanized (disturbed) areas. Across undisturbed sites, we found a significant 80.8% increase inKfsbetween soils with (median = 14.1 cm/h;n = 20) and without (median = 7.8 cm/h;n = 20) cicada burrows. At disturbed sites, we found no significant difference inKfsbetween sites with (median = 4.2 cm/h;n = 18) and without (median = 4.4 cm/h;n = 12) cicada burrows. We found a significant correlation between the number of burrows present at the surface andKfsrates for undisturbed sites ( = 0.42;p = 0.008), while no correlation was found for the disturbed sites ( = −0.09;p = 0.62). Our measurements suggest that the effect of burrows onKfsis minimized in urbanized areas, potentially due to compaction and other impacts from human disturbance that mitigate the presence of macropores left by cicadas. In contrast, surface‐connected macroporosity from Brood X cicada burrows in undisturbed areas act as a conduit for precipitation into the soil profile and bypass flow into deeper horizons and the shallow groundwater table, with implications for runoff dynamics, soil and groundwater recharge and quality, and nutrient cycling.
Infant placement and language exposure in daily life
Authors: Malachowski Lauren G. , Salo Virginia C. , Needham Amy Work , Humphreys Kathryn L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractChildren's daily contexts shape their experiences. In this study, we assessed whether variations in infant placement (e.g., held, bouncy seat) are associated with infants' exposure to adult speech. Using repeated survey sampling of mothers and continuous audio recordings, we tested whether the use of independence‐supporting placements was associated with adult speech exposure in a Southeastern U.S. sample of 60 4‐ to 6‐month‐old infants (38% male, predominately White, not Hispanic/Latinx, from higher socioeconomic status households). Within‐subject analyses indicated that independence‐supporting placements were associated with exposure to fewer adult words in the moment. Between‐subjects analyses indicated that infants more frequently reported to be in independence‐supporting placements that also provided posture support (i.e., an exersaucer) were exposed to relatively fewer adult words and less consistent adult speech across the day. These findings indicate that infants' opportunities for exposure to adult speech ‘in the wild’ may vary based on immediate physical context.
Research Advances Through Activity‐Based Lipid Hydrolase Profiling
Authors: Honeder Sophie Elisabeth , Tomin Tamara , Schinagl Maximilian , Pfleger Raphael , Hoehlschen Julia , Darnhofer Barbara , Schittmayer Matthias , Birner‐Gruenberger Ruth 
Published: February 2023

AbstractActivity‐based proteomic profiling (ABPP) enables the functional study of enzymes by employing small molecule probes that bind covalently to the active site of an enzyme. Activity‐based probes can penetrate cells and tissues and thereby allow enzymes to be targeted/labelled in their native state. Probes can be designed to target individual enzymes or whole enzyme groups, which makes ABPP a versatile protein profiling technique. In this review, we give an overview of research advances through ABPP in the context of lipid hydrolase research. We report of lipid hydrolases that were discovered and characterized through ABPP, and aim to give an overview of commonly used probes as well as inhibitors that were discovered and characterized by competitive ABPP. Lastly, this review aims to raise caveats and current limitations of this protein profiling technique.
Combining PropSeg and a convolutional neural network for automatic spinal cord segmentation in pediatric populations and patients with spinal cord injury
Authors: Blanc Colline , Shahrampour Shiva , Mohamed Feroze B. , de Leener Benjamin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSegmentation of the spinal cord is an essential process for the accurate delineation of spinal cord structures but can be a tedious task for experts when using manual or semi‐automated tools. On the other hand, existing automatic segmentation algorithms have not been developed with the pediatric or injured spinal cord in mind. This study presents a novel automated segmentation method that combines the flexibility of deterministic approaches and the powerfulness of neural networks, applied to pediatric and injured spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. The method first applies the PropSeg algorithm several times on small patches of the spinal cord MRI with various initialization parameters. Then, a convolutional neural network concatenates all these small segmentations with the original MR images to compute a final segmentation. Our results demonstrate good performances on the whole spinal cord (Dice score = 0.88 vs. 0.9) while outperforming existing methods on spinal cord injury regions (0.8 vs. 0.63).
Effect of installing a screen filter in front of and behind a pump on filtering performance in a microirrigation system
Authors: Yuan Jiwang , Gao Sasa , Zhu Delan , Sun Shaobo , Zhuang Dongling , Liu Changxin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe installation location (prepump and postpump) of the filter influences both the head loss and the filtering effectiveness. To understand the difference in the influence, we take the screen filter as the research object, set up two filtration methods and five fertilizer concentrations and then use computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical simulations and experiments to compare and analyse the head loss, intercepted volume, particle size and gradation of intercepted impurities of the filter. We also develop calculation methods for the head loss. Our study shows that (1) when the water is clear, the flow velocity in the local upstream surface of the filter under prepump filtration (PRPF) is larger and changes more dramatically. The head loss under PRPF increases by 50%–88% compared to postpump filtration (POPF). (2) When the fertilized solution is applied, more fine particles pass through the filter under PRPF compared to POPF influenced by pump suction, the maximum head loss is reduced by 15%, and the interception volume is reduced by 55%. It follows that fewer fine particles are intercepted. (3) We develop fitting equations for the two filtration methods that reflect the relationship between the head loss and two factors, the relative effective water‐crossing area and the fertilizer concentrations, and R2 > 0.83. The study provides a reference for the installation and utilization of filters in microirrigation systems.
Comparing sexual orientation identity development in plurisexual versus monosexual latinx sexual minority youth
Authors: Hainsworth Sydney , Toomey Russell B. , Anhalt Karla 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionPlurisexual individuals represent 50% of sexual minority adolescent communities. However, most studies of sexual minority adolescents analyze this population as a homogeneous group rather than attending to plausible differences between plurisexual and monosexual sexual minority youth. This study examined whether plurisexual Latinx youth differed from monosexual youth on three facets of sexual orientation identity (SOI) development (exploration, resolution, and affirmation). Further, we examined whether plurisexual (vs. monosexual) identity moderated the relationship between SOI development and depressive symptoms and self‐esteem.MethodsThe sample included 365 Latinx sexual minority youth (14–24 years) living in the United States or US Territory. The majority of participants identified as monosexual (84.1%); 15.9% were plurisexual. The sample was 75.6% male, 19.5% female, and 2.0% transgender. Participants were asked to complete an online, cross‐sectional survey that asked questions pertaining to ethnicity and sexual orientation. This data was collected in the fall of 2014.ResultsLatinx plurisexual youth had higher levels of SOI affirmation, exploration, and resolution than monosexual youth. SOI affirmation and exploration and were positively associated with self‐esteem for all youth. SOI affirmation was significantly negatively associated with depressive symptoms for monosexual youth but not for plurisexual youth. SOI exploration and resolution were not significantly associated with depressive symptoms.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that there are significant differences between plurisexual and monosexual Latinx adolescent populations in reference to identity affirmation, exploration, and resolution, and that these sexual orientations should be treated distinctly in future research. In addition, all three aspects of identity development were significantly related to higher self‐esteem for all youth regardless of identity, providing evidence for the importance of developing these three factors.
Hydrothermal alkaline defluorination rate of perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs)
Authors: Endo Jun , Funazukuri Toshitaka 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDAlthough perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), including perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs), are used for various industrial and consumer products, they can cause serious damage to human health. Various defluorination/destruction methods have been investigated on the decomposition/removal of PFASs under low‐concentration conditions. These methods are not suitable for treating large amounts of contaminants or waste liquids with a high PFAS concentration. The hydrothermal alkaline defluorination (HAD) method has advantages, such as a relatively high reaction rate and a high recovery of halide ions in the aqueous phase. However, a few studies on the HAD method have been reported and they did not recover all the fluorine atoms/fluoride ions. Also, the reaction kinetics over a wide range of experimental conditions have not been studied.RESULTSPerfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and PFCAs having 4 to 12 carbon atoms to 12 were subjected to aqueous NaOH solution under hydrothermal conditions, and the defluorination rates were found to be expressed by the second‐order reaction kinetics with respect to each concentration of OH− and fluorinated compound. The defluorination rate constants of both 4 to 12 carbon atom PFCAs at 553 K and PFOA at 513–573 K fall along a straight line in logarithmic plot. This suggests that the mass transfer of PFCAs or PFOA between the vapor and liquid phases can strongly affect the defluorination reactions.CONCLUSIONThe HAD rates of PFCAs were determined and suggested to be significantly affected by mass transfer of PFCAs between vapor and liquid phases. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).