bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐assembly Promoted Crystallization of Diblock Copolypeptoids in Solution†
Authors: Li Rongye , Zhao Yue , Lin Min , Sun Jing 
Published: May 2023

Comprehensive SummaryGreat efforts have been lately devoted to fabricating well‐defined nanostructures using crystallization‐driven self‐assembly (CDSA) strategy. The influence of self‐assembly on crystallization is also of great interest. Here, a series of amphiphilic diblock copolypeptoids poly(N‐allylglycine)‐b‐poly(N‐octylglycine) modified with cysteamine hydrochloride ((PNAG‐g‐NH2)‐b‐PNOG) were synthesized by ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) and post‐polymerization functionalization. The diblock copolypeptoid is comprised of one hydrophobic crystalline PNOG block and one hydrophilic amorphous block, which can aggregate into nanostructured assemblies with soluble PNAG‐g‐NH2 as the corona layer and PNOG as the inner core in aqueous solution. With a systematic study by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (WAXS), we demonstrated that the self‐assembly of the block copolymers strengthens the crystallization of the PNOG block.
Scanning electron microscopic analysis of adherent bacterial biofilms associated with peri‐implantitis
Authors: Chang Jae W. , Bi Jiarui , Owen Gethin , Shen Ya , Haapasalo Markus , Wiebe Colin , Tarzemany Rana , Larjava Hannu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesPeri‐implantitis (PI) is caused by bacteria in the peri‐implant space but the consensus on microbial profile is still lacking. Current microbial sampling of PI lesions has largely focused on analyzing bacterial species that have been shed from the implant surface and captured in the pocket fluid. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the morphotypes of bacteria in biofilm covering the implant threads and explore whether certain morphotypes were associated with PI.MethodsFourteen failed implants were removed and instantly processed for scanning electron microscope analysis. The implants were imaged at three equally divided sub‐crestal levels of the exposed area. Bacterial morphotypes were identified and quantified by three examiners. Mobility and years in function were correlated to the presence of different morphotypes.ResultsThe implants demonstrated the presence of variable bacterial morphotypes that did not correlate to disease progression in our study. Some implants were dominated by filaments and others showed the presence of combinations of cocci/rods or spirilles/spirochetes. In general, all implants showed variable morphologic biofilm composition. However, individual implants tended to have similar composition throughout the entire implant. Rods and filaments were dominant morphotypes throughout the surfaces and cocci showed increased presence toward the apical third. There were some differences in the biofilm morphology with mobility and time in function.ConclusionsThe profiles of bacterial biofilm morphotypes in failing implants with similar clinical presentations were highly variable. While there were significant differences between implants, similar morphotypes in individual implants were often found throughout the entire surface.
To mitigate primary user emulation attack trajectory using cognitive single carrier frequency division multiple access approaches: Towards next generation green IoT
Authors: Mazumdar Hirak , Kaushik Ajeet , Gohel Hardik A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe growing cognizance of spectrum scarcity has become a more significant concern in wireless radio communications. Due to the exponential growth of data transmission in intelligent wireless sensor networks, energy spectrum detection has become a promising solution for resolving spectrum shortages. Primary user emulation attack (PUEA) has been identified as a significant attack vector in the cognitive radio (CR) domain's physical layer. In comparison, the CR is a promising method to increase spectrum efficiency by allowing unlicensed secondary users (SUs) to access licensed frequency bands without interfering with approved primary users (PUs). The study's primary findings are the methodology for preventing PUEA using authentication tags, which are unique sequences. This research blends SC‐FDMA with CR to protect CR networks from PUEA attacks, a Latin square (LS) matrix tag generation system is proposed to mitigate the PUEA effect. The technology is meant to provide effective authentication and protection against malicious users. In a secured environment, the LS tag technique is utilized to track and estimate the PU. For example, the BER of both techniques is virtually identical between 0 and 4 dB, while the BER performance of the suggested LS tag generation improves with increasing signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR). As a result, the suggested LS tag generation is less susceptible to PUEA. To diminish the influence of PUEA in CR networks, an efficient enlightening approach for making the future Green Cognitive Radio Wireless networks structure is proposed. The simulation results also demonstrate the resilience of the proposed CR spectrum sensing techniques for energy‐efficient knowledge at varying degrees to reduce the adverse effects of environmental technologies.
A family of total Lagrangian Petrov–Galerkin Cosserat rod finite element formulations
Authors: Eugster Simon R. , Harsch Jonas 
Published: May 2023

SummaryThe standard in rod finite element formulations is the Bubnov–Galerkin projection method, where the test functions arise from a consistent variation of the ansatz functions. This approach becomes increasingly complex when highly nonlinear ansatz functions are chosen to approximate the rod's centerline and cross‐section orientations. Using a Petrov–Galerkin projection method, we propose a whole family of rod finite element formulations where the nodal generalized virtual displacements and generalized velocities are interpolated instead of using the consistent variations and time derivatives of the ansatz functions. This approach leads to a significant simplification of the expressions in the discrete virtual work functionals. In addition, independent strategies can be chosen for interpolating the nodal centerline points and cross‐section orientations. We discuss three objective interpolation strategies and give an in‐depth analysis concerning locking and convergence behavior for the whole family of rod finite element formulations.
The effects of a theory‐informed intervention on physical activity behaviour, motivation and well‐being of frontline aged care workers: A pilot study with 6‐month follow‐up
Authors: Lock Merilyn , Post Dannielle , Dollman James , Parfitt Gaynor 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIssue addressedDue to the nature of their jobs, frontline aged care workers may be a population at risk of poor health and lifestyle habits. Support of their well‐being through the workplace is likely to be complex. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a need‐supportive program for changing physical activity and psychological well‐being via the motivational processes of behavioural regulations and perceived need satisfaction.MethodsFrontline aged care workers (n = 25) participated in a single cohort, pre–post pilot trial. The program included a Motivational Interviewing style appointment, education on goal setting and self‐management, the use of affect, exertion and self‐pacing for regulating physical activity intensity and practical support activities. Outcomes (7‐day accelerometery, 6‐min walk, K10 and AQoL‐8D), and motivational processes (BREQ‐3 and PNSE) were measured at baseline, 3 and 9 months, and analysed using linear mixed models for repeated measures.ResultsThere were significant increases in perceived autonomy at 3 months (Δ .43 ± SE: .20; p = .03) and 6‐min walk distance at 9 months (Δ 29.11 m ± SE: 13.75; p = .04), which appeared to be driven by the relative autonomy index (behavioural regulations in exercise questionnaire [BREQ‐3]). Amotivation increased at 3 months (Δ .23 ± SE:.12; p = .05); which may have been due to low scores at baseline. No other changes were demonstrated at any timepoint.So what?Participants demonstrated positive changes in motivational processes and physical function, however, due to the low levels of participation in the program, the program had a negligible impact at the organisational level. Future researchers and aged care organisations should aim to address factors impacting participation in well‐being initiatives.
Relating economic openness and export diversification to eco‐efficiency: Is green innovation critical?
Authors: Ahmad Munir , Jabeen Gul 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA critical debate on whether macro economies would achieve sustainability targets via green innovations could reach some informed consensus, given it is explicit how those innovations, directly and indirectly, interact with both economic and ecological systems through international economic activities. To unriddle this puzzle, this work is the initial attempt to examine how green innovation moderates the influence of economic openness and export diversification on eco‐efficiency in selected 13 European Union (EU) economies from 1995 to 2014. We employ advanced second‐generation econometric approaches robust to cross‐section dependence, slope heterogeneity, and the omitted variable bias concerns in panel data. The main results are firstly, economic openness and export diversification tend to deteriorate eco‐efficiency in the absence of a green innovation moderator. Secondly, in green innovation moderation models, both economic openness and export diversification are likely to improve eco‐efficiency. Thirdly, green innovation not only directly promotes eco‐efficiency but also positively moderates the influence of economic openness and export diversification on eco‐efficiency. Fourthly, a one‐way causality exists from green innovation moderators to eco‐efficiency, while economic openness, export diversification, green innovation, and other control variables establish a two‐way causal relationship with eco‐efficiency. Finally, for green innovation in place, the policy shocks of economic openness and export diversification are predicted to achieve the eco‐efficiency effects in more than 1 year in the EU members, while green innovation catalyses this convergence speed. Besides, economic openness and export diversification policies should be integrated with the green innovation framework to achieve eco‐efficiency for sustainable development
shinyCircos‐V2.0: Leveraging the creation of Circos plot with enhanced usability and advanced features
Authors: Wang Yazhou , Jia Lihua , Tian Ge , Dong Yihan , Zhang Xiao , Zhou Zhengfu , Luo Xiang , Li Yang , Yao Wen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe previously developed shinyCircos, an interactive web application for creating Circos diagrams, which has been widely recognized for its graphical user interface and ease of use. Here, we introduce shinyCircos‐V2.0, an upgraded version of shinyCircos that includes a new user interface with enhanced usability and many new features for creating advanced Circos plots. To help users get started with shinyCircos‐V2.0, we provide detailed tutorials and example input data sets. The application is available online at https://venyao.xyz/shinyCircos/ and https://asiawang.shinyapps.io/shinyCircos/, or can be installed locally using the source code deposited in GitHub (https://github.com/YaoLab-Bioinfo/shinyCircos-V2.0).
Multi‐stakeholder approach to implementing water stewardship: The case of the Ghod River basin
Authors: Binoy Karuthedathe , Yadav Akhilesh Kumar , Vardhan V. Vijay 
Published: May 2023

AbstractITC Limited, an Indian conglomerate company under the Water Stewardship Programme, works to achieve water security for all the stakeholders in its manufacturing unit and agriculture value chain catchments. Under the programme, ITC has developed a methodology for implementation: (1) assessment and creation of an annual water balance in basins and aquifers; (2) develop a plan for making water balance positive throughout the year for today and tomorrow; (3) collaborative action by engaging with the community and other stakeholders for achieving a positive water status. Accordingly, ITC works with government in public private partnership (PPP) mode to merge resources and expertise for enhanced outreach. The Ghod River is a tributary of the Krishna River which flows in Maharashtra, a prominent agricultural state in India. The upper ridges of the basin receive 3000 mm while lower areas receive 450–500 mm rainfall annually. The basin has a total storage potential of 1280 MCM (million cubic metres) in reservoirs in the upper ridges. The Ghod River basin has a positive water balance on an annual basis, but in the post‐monsoon season it has a deficit of 61.9 MCM. To manage the water deficit in the post‐monsoon season, there is a need to: (i) restore upstream reservoirs to their original storage capacity by reducing silt load; (ii) increase subsurface flows into reservoirs throughout the year through managed aquifer recharge; (iii) reduce demand for water primarily from agriculture. ITC has initiated work on those lines based on scientifically rigorous and socially inclusive approaches.
Adolescent experiences of sexting: A systematic review of the qualitative literature, and recommendations for practice
Authors: Dully Jessica , Walsh Kevin , Doyle Caoimhe , O'Reilly Gary 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionSexting among adolescents continues to garner interest across disciplines due to its prevalence in the lives of young people and the potential for extremely negative outcomes associated with the behavior. The present review aimed to integrate the existing qualitative research on adolescent sexting experiences, to provide empirically‐supported recommendations for professionals working with adolescents.MethodsA search of four databases relating to adolescent experiences of sexting was conducted, resulting in the inclusion of 28 studies in the review. Quality appraisal of these studies was completed in line with the Critical Appraisal Skills Profile qualitative checklist.ResultsMajor themes in the qualitative studies were synthesized to generate recommendations for professionals. These recommendations are categorized as (a) “proactive” (enhancing positive and contextualized education and attempting to mitigate the likelihood of young people having negative experiences with sexting), (b) “responsive” (management of disclosures of distressing experiences with sexting, including image‐based sexual abuse [IBSA]), and (iii) “clinical” (increasing awareness among clinicians of pertinent issues concerning intervention with young people who are engaging in sexting, or who have been victimized by IBSA).ConclusionsThe qualitative literature was found to provide rich insight into adolescent experiences of sexting, thus allowing for the generation of evidence‐based recommendations which are consistent with young peoples' own interests and preferences. Limitations in the existing literature base were discussed (e.g., lack of specificity in methodological reporting), and suggestions were given for future research (including the need to explore sexting experiences of LGBTQ + adolescents in more depth).
Desing, synthesis, and characterization of some 5,6‐dichloro benzimidazole derivatives with investigation of their antioxidant and elastase inhibitory activities
Authors: Albay Canan , Tekbaş Gülhan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStarting from the 5,6‐dichloro‐2‐phenyl‐1H‐benzimidazole, new benzimidazole derivatives having schiff base, carbothioamide, thiadiazole, and triazole moiety were synthesized and characterized. Synthesized compounds were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy and elemental analyses techniques. Antioxidant and elastase inhibitory activities of compounds were also investigated. The inhibitory effects on elastase activity of the synthesized molecules were analyzed spectrophotometrically. The antioxidant activities of molecules were investigated by both methods as DPPH (1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging activity and iron reducing power capacities. All synthesized compounds showed good antioxidant and elastase inhibitory activity. Compound 2 showed the highest elastase inhibition. Compound 3 and compound 2 showed the highest antioxidant activity by DPPH method, and iron reducing power method, respectively.
The potential advantages and workflow challenges of long axial field of viewPET/CT
Authors: Chen Wei‐Ting J. , Rae William I. D. , Kench Peter L. , Meikle Steven R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRecently developed Long (≥100 cm) axial field of view (AFOV) PET/CT scanners are capable of producing images with higher signal‐to‐noise ratio, or performing faster whole‐body acquisitions, or scanning with lower radiation dose to the patient, compared with conventional PET/CT scanners. These benefits, which arise due to their substantially higher, by more than an order of magnitude, geometric efficiency, have been well described in the recent literature. The introduction of Long AFOV PET/CT technology into the clinic also has important implications for the design and workflow of PET/CT facilities and their effects on radiation exposure to staff and patients. Maximising the considerable benefits of this technology requires a thorough understanding of the relationships between these factors to optimise workflows while appropriately managing radiation exposure. This article reviews current knowledge on PET/CT facility design, workflows and their effects on radiation exposure, identifies gaps in the literature and discusses the challenges that need to be considered with the introduction of Long AFOV PET/CT into the clinic.
Targeting p53 for neuroinflammation: New therapeutic strategies in ischemic stroke
Authors: Gao Juan , Liu Jifei , Li Yonghong , Liu Junxi , Wang He , Chai Miao , Dong Ying , Zhang Zhenchang , Su Gang , Wang Manxia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIschemic stroke (IS) is characterized by high incidence, high recurrence, and high mortality and places a heavy burden on society and families. The pathological mechanisms of IS are complex, among which secondary neurological impairment mediated by neuroinflammation is considered to be the main factor in cerebral ischemic injury. At present, there is still a lack of specific therapies to treat neuroinflammation. The tumor suppressor protein p53 has long been regarded as a key substance in the regulation of the cell cycle and apoptosis in the past. Recently, studies have found that p53 also plays an important role in neuroinflammatory diseases, such as IS. Therefore, p53 may be a crucial target for the regulation of the neuroinflammatory response. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the potential of targeting p53 in the treatment of neuroinflammation after IS. We describe the function of p53, the major immune cells involved in neuroinflammation, and the role of p53 in inflammatory responses mediated by these cells. Finally, we summarize the therapeutic strategies of targeting p53 in regulating the neuroinflammatory response after IS to provide new directions and ideas for the treatment of ischemic brain injury.
Weakened western Pacific teleconnection pattern caused a decrease in spring persistent rainfall in north of 26°N over Southeast China
Authors: Chen Yao , Wang Chongqing , Zhou Feifei , Jiang Shixiong , Li Xi , Weng Sunxian , Wan Xinyuan , Xiao Rongyang , Liu Qiang , Fang Keyan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe spring persistent rainfall (SPR) is a unique synoptic and climatic phenomenon before the onset of the Asian summer monsoon over Southeast China (SEC). The warming climate has caused notable interdecadal changes of various climate systems, such as the Asian summer monsoon. However, it is still unclear whether there is a regime shift within the SPR band. To fill this knowledge gap, the boreal spring (March–May) rainfall data across SEC from the Climate Research Unit TS 4.05 are used herein to reveal its spatio‐temporal variations for 1951–2019 with the empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis. The EOF1 pattern exhibits a spatial monotonic variability of the SPR over SEC, which is jointly impacted by the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation and the Arctic Oscillation. The EOF2 pattern, a south–north dipole pattern, highlights a marked decrease (increase) of the SPR approximately to north (south) of the 26°N. We find that the decrease in the northern SPR band is closely modulated by western Pacific teleconnection pattern (WPP). Recent weakening WPP is coincident with a decline of the East Asian subtropical jet over this area, causing anomalous descending motions and thus accounts for persistent decline of the SPR over north of 26°N.
Utilization of El Niño–Southern Oscillation projected by climate models in improvement of seasonal precipitation predictability
Authors: AlMutairi Bandar S. , Small Mitchell J. , Grossmann Iris 
Published: May 2023

AbstractImproved seasonal precipitation forecasts can enable more effective water resource management decisions in a number of sectors, including municipal supply, agriculture, hydropower generation, and tourism. This study develops an effective straightforward statistical approach to enhance the quality of seasonal precipitation forecasts through the utilization of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) information projected by Coupled General Climate Models (CGCMs). A stochastic weather generation (WG) model is developed to predict seasonal precipitation condition on ENSO condition. The WG model links a nonhomogeneous Markov Chain representing ENSO occurrence model to a bivariate normal distribution for seasonal precipitation conditioned on ENSO phase. Two verification metrics are suggested to measure the degree of predictability of raw, calibrated and climatological seasonal precipitation forecasts over northwest Costa Rica as a case study. Results indicate the potential to narrow the uncertainty of seasonal precipitation forecasts by incorporating CGCMs ENSO cycle information. Precipitation during the late part of the wet season (LS) has more predictability than precipitation in the early part of the wet season (ES). In addition, the degree of predictability decreases with an increase in lead time for a given forecast. A lead time of 1 year maintains a moderate level of predictability likely to support tangible benefits to various decision‐making processes.