bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Achieving success in English medium instruction using computer‐mediated terminology pretraining under the problem‐based learning pedagogy
Authors: Lee Yuan‐Hsuan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundImplementing English medium instruction (EMI) has become a proliferating measure in higher education to embrace globalization. Nevertheless, university students reported various challenges in taking EMI courses.ObjectivesThis study investigated the effect of the computer‐mediated terminology pretraining on university students' EMI success, regarding their efficacy in taking EMI courses, self‐directed learning (SDL), and EMI performance.MethodsParticipants were 86 university students enrolled in two EMI educational psychology courses. Students in the experimental group were assigned computer‐mediated terminology pretraining tasks for 13 consecutive weeks, while those in the control group did not receive the pretraining assignment. Both groups were taught using the problem‐based learning (PBL) pedagogy with a computer‐mediated structured whiteboard.Results and ConclusionThe study findings showed that the computer‐mediated terminology pretraining enhanced learners' response efficacy. Both groups increased their SDL under the PBL pedagogy. Besides, multigroup comparison results demonstrated that efficacy in EMI positively predicted SDL, which was related to better EMI performance in the experimental group but not in the control group. Notably, students conducting computer‐mediated terminology pretraining remitted the influence of English ability on their EMI performance.Major Takeaways from the StudyImplications for instruction were made to use the combined strategy of the computer‐mediated terminology pretraining and PBL in EMI courses to facilitate university students' efficacy in taking EMI courses, self‐directed learning behaviours, and EMI performance.
Network meta‐analysis and systematic review comparing efficacy and safety between very high power short duration, high power short duration, and conventional radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Tokavanich Nithi , Prasitlumkum Narut , Kewcharoen Jakrin , Chokesuwattanaskul Ronpichai , Phannajit Jeerath , Cheungpasitporn Wisit , Akoum Nazem , Ranjan Ravi , Bunch T. Jared , Navaravong Leenhapong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundHigh‐power short‐duration (HPSD) atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation with a power of 40–50 W was proved to be safe and effective. Very high‐power short‐duration (vHPSD) AF ablation is a novel method using >50 W to obtain more durable AF ablation. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vHPSD ablation compared with HPSD ablation and conventional power ablation.MethodsA literature search for studies that reported AF ablation outcomes, including short‐term freedom from atrial arrhythmia, first‐pass isolation (FPI) rate, procedure time, and major complications, was conducted utilizing MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases. All relevant studies were included in this analysis. A random‐effects model of network meta‐analysis and surface under cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) were used to rank the treatment for all outcomes.ResultsA total of 29 studies with 9721 patients were included in the analysis. According to the SUCRA analysis, HPSD ablation had the highest probability of maintaining sinus rhythm. Point estimation showed an odds ratio of 1.5 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2–1.9) between HPSD ablation and conventional power ablation and an odds ratio of 1.3 (95% CI: 0.78–2.2) between vHPSD ablation and conventional power ablation. While the odds ratio of FPI between HPSD ablation and conventional power ablation was 3.6 (95% CI: 1.5–8.9), the odds ratio between vHPSD ablation and conventional power ablation was 2.2 (95% CI: 0.61–8.6). The procedure times of vHPSD and HPSD ablations were comparable and, therefore, shorter than that of conventional power ablation. Major complications were low in all techniques.ConclusionvHPSD ablation did not yield higher efficacy than HPSD ablation and conventional power ablation. With the safety concern, vHPSD ablation outcomes were comparable with those of other techniques.
Bivalent GAD autoantibody ELISA improves clinical utility and risk prediction for adult autoimmune diabetes
Authors: Kawasaki Eiji , Shimada Akira , Imagawa Akihisa , Abiru Norio , Awata Takuya , Oikawa Yoichi , Osawa Haruhiko , Kawabata Yumiko , Kozawa Junji , Kobayashi Tetsuro , Takahashi Kazuma , Chujo Daisuke , Fukui Tomoyasu , Miura Junnosuke , Yasuda Kazuki , Yasuda Hisafumi , Kajio Hiroshi , Hanafusa Toshiaki , Ikegami Hiroshi ,   the Committee of type 1 diabetes, Japan Diabetes Society
Published: January 2023

AbstractAim/IntroductionTo investigate the differences in the clinical significance and glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody (GADA) affinity between RIA (RIA‐GADA) and ELISA (ELISA‐GADA) in patients with type 1 diabetes.MethodsA total of 415 patients with type 1 diabetes were enrolled, including 199 acute‐onset type 1 diabetes, 168 slowly progressive type 1 diabetes (SPIDDM), and 48 fulminant type 1 diabetes. GADA affinity was measured by a competitive binding experiment using unlabeled recombinant human GAD65 protein, and the diagnostic performance of both assays and the relationship between GADA affinity and the decline of fasting C‐peptide (F‐CPR) were examined.ResultsWhile the ELISA‐GADA displayed a higher sensitivity than the RIA method in diagnosing type 1 diabetes in acute‐onset patients, about 40% of SPIDDM patients with low‐titer RIA‐GADA were determined as negative by the ELISA method. Patients with type 1 diabetes with RIA‐GADA alone had an older age of onset, less diabetic ketoacidosis, a higher BMI, and a higher F‐CPR compared with patients positive for both RIA‐GADA and ELISA‐GADA. Additionally, 36% of RIA‐GADA‐positive patients had low‐affinity GADA (<1010 L/mol), which was significantly higher than in the ELISA‐GADA‐positive patients (4%, P < 0.0001). Furthermore, over a 3 year monitoring period, F‐CPR levels decreased in ELISA‐GADA‐positive SPIDDM, whereas it was maintained in patients with RIA‐GADA alone, regardless of GADA affinity.ConclusionsThese results suggest that bivalent ELISA for GADA is superior to the RIA method in diagnosing type 1 diabetes. Moreover, the diagnostic superiority of the ELISA‐GADA made possible the concurrent identification of SPIDDM patients at high‐risk of early progression, and allowed for more accurate clinical diagnosis and management.
Relationship between occlusal force and psychological frailty in Japanese community‐dwelling older adults: The Septuagenarians, Octogenarians, Nonagenarians Investigation with Centenarians study
Authors: Akema Suzuna , Mameno Tomoaki , Nakagawa Takeshi , Inagaki Hiroki , Fukutake Motoyoshi , Hatta Kodai , Murotani Yuki , Tsujioka Yoshitaka , Hagino Hiromasa , Higashi Kotaro , Takahashi Toshihito , Wada Masahiro , Maeda Yoshinobu , Gondo Yasuyuki , Kamide Kei , Kabayama Mai , Ishizaki Tatsuro , Masui Yukie , Ogata Soshiro , Ikebe Kazunori 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundFrailty increases the risk of negative health‐related events, such as falls, disability, hospitalizations, and death. Although the association between oral health and physical frailty is well established, the relationship between oral health and psychological frailty has not yet been investigated. Therefore, we conducted a cross‐sectional study to examine the association between maximal occlusal force and psychological frailty in Japanese community‐dwelling older adults.MethodsPsychological frailty was defined as a World Health Organization‐5 scale (WHO‐5) score of <13, cognitive and functional status was defined as a Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA‐J) score of <23, and psychological robustness was defined as a WHO‐5 score of ≥13 and a MoCA‐J score of ≥23. We used a cross‐sectional study design to measure maximal occlusal force in 1810 participants, and examined the following factors relevant to psychological frailty: educational level, financial status, living situation, history of chronic diseases, handgrip strength, and instrumental activities of daily living. We used propensity score matching to match the psychological frailty and psychological robustness groups according to demographic and confounding factors. This process, resulted in 344 participants, of whom 172 were in the psychological frailty group and 172 were in the psychological robustness group. In the matched cohort, differences between groups with and without psychological frailty were compared using generalized estimating equations for maximal occlusal force after adjusting for the number of teeth.ResultsAfter controlling for potential confounding factors of frailty, the psychological frailty group showed lower maximal occlusal force compared with the psychological robustness group (unstandardized regression coefficients = −72.7, 95% confidence interval: −126.3 to −19.1).ConclusionsMaximal occlusal force was associated with a reduced prevalence of psychological frailty among Japanese community‐dwelling older adults participating in our study.
Addressing multiscale microbial challenges using the Mesolens
Authors: Rooney Liam M. , Bottura Beatrice , Baxter Katherine , Amos William B. , Hoskisson Paul A. , McConnell Gail 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe provide a brief review of the development and application of the Mesolens and its impact on microbiology. Microbial specimens such as infected tissue samples, colonies surfaces, and biofilms are routinely collected at the mesoscale. This means that they are relatively large multimillimetre‐sized samples which contain microscopic detail that must be observed to answer important questions across various sectors. The Mesolens presents the ideal imaging method to study these specimens as no other optical microscope can thanks to its unique combination of low magnification and high numerical aperture providing large field‐of‐view, high‐resolution imaging. We demonstrate the current applications of the Mesolens to microbial imaging and go on to outline the huge potential of the Mesolens to impact other key areas of microbiology.
Dental topographic proxies for ecological characteristics in carnivoran mammals
Authors: Waldman Emily , Gonzalez Yoly , Flynn John J. , Tseng Z. Jack 
Published: January 2023

AbstractForm‐function relationships in mammalian feeding systems are active topics of research in evolutionary biology. This is due principally to their fundamental importance for understanding dietary adaptations in extinct taxa and macro‐evolutionary patterns of morphological transformations through changing environments. We hypothesize that three‐dimensional dental topographic metrics represent stronger predictors for dietary and other ecological variables than do linear measurements. To test this hypothesis, we measured three dental topographic metrics: Relief Index (RFI), Dirichlet Normal Energy (DNE), and Orientation Patch Count Rotated (OPCR) in 57 extant carnivoran species. Premolar and molar dental topographic indices were regressed against activity, diet breadth, habitat breadth, terrestriality, and trophic level variables within a phylogenetic framework. The results of this study showed significant correlations between RFI and the ecological variables diet breadth and trophic level. Weaker correlations are documented between OPCR and activity and between DNE and trophic level. Our results suggest that cusp height is strongly reflective of dietary ecology in carnivorans as a whole, and represents a proxy mainly for different degrees of hypercarnivory observed within this group of predatory mammals.
Masticatory performance in oral function assessment: Alternative methods
Authors: Imamura Yoshiki , Chebib Najla , Ohta Midori , Mojon Philippe , Schulte‐Eickhoff Regina Maria , Schimmel Martin , Graf Christophe , Sato Yuji , Müller Frauke 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundMasticatory function declines with age or disease, implicating a poor chewing efficiency and an often‐unconscious change for a less healthy, yet easy to chew diet. Timely screening of masticatory function may foster an early‐onset diagnosis and potential treatment. The aim of this study was to compare alternative diagnostic tools for masticatory function to a Jelly‐scan test.Materials and MethodsPatients aged 70 years and older who were hospitalised for rehabilitation were recruited for this study. A total of four different tests for masticatory function were administered. The Japanese Society of Gerodontology glucose extraction test (Jelly‐scan) was used as reference to compare a colour‐changing gum test (Gum1‐colour) as well as a mixing ability test with a visual (Gum2‐visual) and opto‐electronical (Gum2‐digital) analyses. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to establish the discriminative value, kappa‐values were used to estimate individual agreements and correlations were verified using Spearman's tests.ResultsSixty‐one patients (Menn = 23, Womenn = 38) aged 82.4 ± 6.8 years participated in the experiments. The average number of natural teeth was 16.5 ± 10.5, 34.4% of the participants wore removable dentures. For all tests, the sum of sensitivity and specificity was >150%. All test correlated with Jelly‐scan (absolute Rho >0.5). With Jelly‐scan 51 participants (83.6%) were diagnosed with “masticatory hypofunction”. After reducing the cut‐off value of the test from 100 mg/dL to 65 mg/dL, only 33 participants (54%) fulfilled the diagnosis. This post‐hoc analysis increased the sensitivity of the Gum2‐tests and the agreement to kappa >0.5 for all three tests.ConclusionAll three tests can be considered useful screening alternatives. In its original version, Jelly‐scan may tend to over‐diagnose masticatory hypofunction, hence a novel cut‐off with better agreement between tests is suggested.
Microbiological profile of peri‐implantitis: Analyses of microbiome within dental implants
Authors: Kensara Anmar , Saito Hanae , Mongodin Emmanuel F. , Masri Radi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPurposeTo characterize the microbiome composition within dental implants of peri‐implantitis subjects and healthy controls using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.Materials and methodsTwenty‐three subjects with healthy (n = 11 implants) and diseased (peri‐implantitis, n = 21) implants were included in this controlled clinical cross‐sectional study. Samples were obtained from internal surfaces of dental implants using sterile paper points for microbiological analysis. DNA was extracted, and the16S rRNA gene was amplified using universal primers targeting the V3–V4 regions. The resulting 16S polymerize chain reaction amplicons were sequenced on Illumina MiSeq, and the sequences were processed using DADA2 and the Human Oral Microbiome Database (HOMD) as references. Alpha and Beta diversity, as well as core microbiome and differential abundance analyses were then performed using the MicrobiomeAnalyst workflow.ResultsA significant increase in microbial diversity was observed in the internal implant surface of healthy implants compared with the internal surfaces of peri‐implantitis (Shannon p = 0.02). Bacterial community structure was significantly different among groups (p = 0.012). High levels of Gram‐positive bacteria were detected inside implants with peri‐implantitis compared to healthy implants, especially Enterococci.ConclusionsThere is a shift in bacterial diversity inside implants with peri‐implantitis from the healthy control. The microbial colonization within that space might contribute to the etiology of peri‐implant disease.
Effect of culture conditions at lab‐scale on metabolite composition and antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of Dunaliella tertiolecta
Authors: Iglesias María José , Soengas Raquel , López‐Ortiz Fernando , Biondi Natascia , Tredici Mario R. , Gutiérrez‐del‐Río Ignacio , López‐Ibáñez Sara , Villar Claudio J. , Lombó Felipe , López Yuly , Gabasa Yaiza , Soto Sara 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDunaliella tertiolecta RCC6 was cultivated indoors in glass bubble column photobioreactors operated under batch and semi‐continuous regimens and using two different conditions of light and temperature. Biomass was harvested by centrifugation, frozen, and then lyophilized. The soluble material was obtained by sequential extraction of the lyophilized biomass with solvents with a gradient of polarity (hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol) and its metabolic composition was investigated through nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The effect of light on chlorophyll biosynthesis was clearly shown through the relative intensities of the 1H NMR signals due to pheophytins. The highest signal intensity was observed for the biomasses obtained at lower light intensity, resulting in a lower light availability per cell. Under high temperature and light conditions, the 1H NMR spectra of the hexane extracts showed an incipient accumulation of triacylglycerols. In these conditions and under semi‐continuous regimen, an enhancement of β‐carotene and sterols production was observed. The antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of the extracts were also tested. Antibacterial activity was not detected, regardless of culture conditions. In contrast, the minimal biofilm inhibitory concentrations (MBICs) against Escherichia coli for the hexane extract obtained under semi‐continuous regimen using high temperature and irradiance conditions was promising.
Association of cytochrome P450 2D15 (CYP2D15) nonsynonymous polymorphisms and exon 3 deleted RNA splice variant with CYP2D15 protein content and enzyme function in dog liver microsomes
Authors: Jimenez Tania Perez , Zhu Zhaohui , Court Michael H. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCYP2D15 is a major drug metabolizing P450 in canine liver. Like the human orthologue (CYP2D6), this enzyme is highly polymorphic with at least five common nonsynonymous variants reported that result in amino acid changes, including p.Ile109Val, p.Leu115Phe, p.Gly186Ser, p.Ile250Phe and p.Ile307Val. Furthermore, a mRNA splice variant of CYP2D15 has been found in canine liver that lacks the exon 3 gene region resulting in an inactive enzyme. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether any of these amino acid variants or the exon 3 deletion mRNA variant (exon3‐delta) was associated with differences in CYP2D15‐selective activities or protein content in a bank of canine livers. Livers were obtained from 25 Beagles and 34 dogs of various other breeds. CYP2D15‐selective activities measured included dextromethorphan o‐demethylation and tramadol o‐demethylation. Reverse transcription PCR showed that 76% of livers (44/58) expressed both exon3‐delta and normally spliced CYP2D15 RNA, while the remaining 24% (14/58) expressed only normally spliced RNA. The presence of exon3‐delta was not correlated with CYP2D15 activities or protein content. Compared with wild‐type livers, Beagle dog livers heterozygous for the p.Ile109Val and p.Gly186Ser variants showed from 40 to 50% reductions in median enzyme activities, while heterozygous p.Gly186Ser livers were associated with a 41% reduction in median CYP2D15 protein content (p < .05; Dunn's test). In the entire liver bank, livers homozygous for p.Ile109Val were also associated with a 40% reduction in median dextromethorphan O‐demethylation activities versus wild‐type livers (p < .05). These results identify several nonsynonymous CYP2D15 gene variants associated with variable CYP2D15 metabolism in canine liver.
A prophage‐encoded effector from “Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus” targets ASCORBATE PEROXIDASE6 in citrus to facilitate bacterial infection
Authors: Du Jiao , Wang Qiying , Shi Hongwei , Zhou Changyong , He Jun , Wang Xuefeng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCitrus huanglongbing (HLB), associated with the unculturable phloem‐limited bacterium “Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus” (CLas), is the most devastating disease in the citrus industry worldwide. However, the pathogenicity of CLas remains poorly understood. In this study, we show that AGH17488, a secreted protein encoded by the prophage region of the CLas genome, suppresses plant immunity via targeting the host ASCORBATE PEROXIDASE6 (APX6) protein in Nicotiana benthamiana and Citrus sinensis. The transient expression of AGH17488 reduced the chloroplast localization of APX6 and its enzyme activity, inhibited the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (H2O2 and O2−) and the lipid oxidation endproduct malondialdehyde in plants, and promoted the proliferation of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 and Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri. This study reveals a novel mechanism underlying how CLas uses a prophage‐encoded effector, AGH17488, to target a reactive oxygen species accumulation‐related gene, APX6, in the host to facilitate its infection.
Faster surgery initiation in oral cancer patients during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Osaka, Japan
Authors: Koyama Shihoko , Morishima Toshitaka , Saito Mari Kajiwara , Ma Chaochen , Nishimura Nao , Aoki Kengo , Nishio Minako , Otsuka Tomoyuki , Tabuchi Takahiro , Ishibashi Miki , Miyashiro Isao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe investigated the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on oral cancer (OC), comparing diagnosis and number of pre‐operative days in the diagnosis of OC in 2019 (pre‐COVID‐19) and that in 2020 (during the COVID‐19 pandemic).MethodsUsing data from a cancer registry‐based study on the impact of COVID‐19 on cancer care in Osaka (CanReCO), we collected details of sex, age, residential area, cancer site, date of diagnosis, clinical stage at first treatment and number of pre‐operative days in OC patients.ResultsA total of 1470 OC cases were registered. Incidence of OC before and during COVID‐19 was 814 and 656 cases, respectively. During the first wave of the pandemic (March to May 2020), incidence was about half that in the same period in 2019 (2019; n = 271, 2020; n = 145). Number of pre‐operative days (median number of days between the first hospital visit and surgery date) was significantly shorter during the COVID‐19 year (24.5 days) than in the pre‐COVID‐19 year (28 days, p = 0.0015).ConclusionsIncidence of OC during the COVID‐19 pandemic was lower than in pre‐COVID‐19. Despite disruption in the healthcare system, the number of pre‐operative days for OC cases was shorter during the pandemic.