bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primitive C4 ${C}_{4}$‐decompositions of Kn−I ${K}_{n}-I$
Authors: Schroeder Michael W. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA decomposition of a graph is primitive if no proper, nontrivial subset of is a decomposition of an induced subgraph of . An unresolved question posed by Asplund et al. in a recent publication involves the existence of primitive decompositions of cocktail party graphs into cycles of length 4, which is resolved by this paper.
Mean value splines and their use for climatological time series
Authors: Steinacker Reinhold 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA new approach of splines to examine climatological time series is introduced and different applications are shown. Instead of the classical spline‐procedure to find polynomials which fit given values at certain points (knots), a variational formulation is used here, where a cost function is minimized to obtain smooth interpolated values at arbitrary points. The innovation of the method consists in the selection of the constraint, namely the conservation of mean values within certain smoothing intervals. The methodology allows a sound derivation of the past and present climate conditions in times of climate change. It allows a refined computation of extreme values and of the probability of certain temperature thresholds. The methodology furthermore allows to detect break points in climatological time series. Finally the method leads to a consistent interpolation of time series, which are only given by mean values. Several applications of the method, using climatological time series of Vienna are shown and discussed.
PAI‐1 mediates TGF‐β1‐induced myofibroblast activation in tenocytes via mTOR signaling
Authors: Alenchery Rahul G. , Ajalik Raquel E. , Jerreld Kyle , Midekksa Firaol , Zhong Sylvia , Alkatib Bashar , Awad Hani A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTransforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β1) induces plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI‐1) to effect fibrotic pathologies in several organs including tendon. Recent data implicated PAI‐1 with inhibition of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) suggesting that PAI‐1‐induced adhesions involves phosphoinositide 3‐kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling. Ergo, we investigated effects of TGF‐β1, PAI‐1, and mTOR signaling crosstalk on myofibroblast activation, senescence, and proliferation in primary flexor tenocytes from wild‐type (WT) and PAI‐1 knockout (KO) mice. PAI‐1 deletion blunted TGF‐β1‐induced myofibroblast activation in murine flexor tenocytes and increased the gene expression of Mmp‐2 to confer protective effects against fibrosis. While TGF‐β1 significantly reduced phosphorylation of PTEN in WT cells, PAI‐1 deletion rescued the activation of PTEN. Despite that, there were no differences in TGF‐β1‐induced activation of mTOR signaling (AKT, 4EBP1, and P70S6K) in WT or KO tenocytes. Phenotypic changes in distinct populations of WT or KO tenocytes exhibiting high or low mTOR activity were then examined. TGF‐β1 increased alpha‐smooth muscle actin abundance in WT cells exhibiting high mTOR activity, but this increase was blunted in KO cells exhibiting high 4EBP1 activity but not in cells exhibiting high S6 activity. DNA damage (γH2AX) was increased with TGF‐β1 treatment in WT tenocytes but was blunted in KO cells exhibiting high mTOR activity. Increased mTOR activity enhanced proliferation (Ki67) in both WT and KO tenocytes. These findings point to a complex nexus of TGF‐β1, PAI‐1, and mTOR signaling in regulating proliferation, myofibroblast differentiation, and senescence in tenocytes, which could define therapeutic targets for chronic tendon adhesions and other fibrotic pathologies.
Load analysis of hands and feet while using different types of crutches with various leg's weight bearing
Authors: Stievano Simona , Roesch Friederike , Prommersberger Karl‐Josef , Fuhrmann Renee , Mühldorfer‐Fodor Marion 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe study aimed to define the load on hands using various commonly used types of crutches while walking with a full load on both legs (FL), with 20 kg partial load (PL), or with the left leg wholly unloaded (UL). Twenty‐six healthy subjects used crutches with ergonomic handles, with anatomic handles (wider and softer bearing surface), and arthritis crutches (horizontal supporting area for the forearm). Sensor mats between hand and handles continuously measured the load transmitted, while sensor soles in the shoes recorded the ground reaction forces simultaneously. The load on the palm and separately the radial and ulnar halves of the palm were analyzed. With arthritis crutches, significantly lower load was transferred to the hands compared to forearm crutches (FL 3% vs. 25% of body weight, PL 8% vs. 87%, UL 12% vs. 103%). The load on hands increased significantly from FL to PL and UL for both types of crutches. The ipsilateral left hand had to bear significantly more load than the right hand. However, the feet's time‐ground reaction curves showed more irregularities, and PL on the left leg was significantly higher with arthritis crutches. Anatomic handles reduced the load on the ulnar half of the palm (FL 3% vs. 5%, PL 13% vs. 18%, UL 17% vs. 23%); the radial half of the palm had a similar load to bear with both types of handles (11/11%, 31/32%, 34/35%). Arthritis crutches allow unburdening hands at the expense of gait stability. Anatomic handles reduce the load on the Guyon's canal.
Effect of Life Review Therapy for Holocaust Survivors: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Forstmeier Simon , Zimmermann Sarah , van der Hal Elisheva , Auerbach Martin , Kleinke Kristian , Maercker Andreas , Brom Danny 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDespite the therapeutic needs of aging Holocaust survivors, no randomized controlled trial (RCT) of psychotherapy exists for this population, with very few on older adults in general. This RCT aimed to compare the efficacy of Life Review Therapy for Holocaust survivors (LRT‐HS) relative to a supportive control group. Holocaust survivors with a probable diagnosis of full or subsyndromal posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or depressive disorder were included. Exclusion criteria were probable dementia, acute psychotic disorder, and acute suicidality. The predefined primary endpoint was the course of PTSD symptom scores. In total, 49 of 79 consecutive individuals assessed for eligibility were randomized and included in the intent‐to‐treat analyses (LRT‐HS: n = 24, control: n = 25; Mage = 81.5 years, SD = 4.81, 77.6% female). Linear mixed models revealed no statistically significant superiority of LRT‐HS for PTSD symptoms at posttreatment, with moderate effect sizes, Time x Condition interaction: t(75) = 1.46, p = .148, dwithin = 0.70, dbetween = 0.41, but analyses were significant at follow‐up, with large effect sizes, t(79) = 2.89, p = .005, dwithin = 1.20, dbetween = 1.00. LRT‐HS superiority for depression was observed at posttreatment, t(73) = 2.58, p = .012, but not follow‐up, t(76) = 1.08, p = .282, with moderate effect sizes, dwithin = 0.46–0.60, dbetween = 0.53–0.70. The findings show that even in older age, PTSD and depression following exposure to multiple traumatic childhood events can be treated efficaciously using an age‐appropriate treatment that includes structured life review and narrative exposure.
Atopic eczema patients and healthcare professionals join forces in Malta
Authors: Stalder Jean‐François , Aubert Hélène , Barbarot Sebastien , Chavigny Jean‐Marc , Deleuran Mette , Eichenfield Lawrence F. , El Hachem May , Lio Peter , Marcoux Danielle , Roxburgh Christine , Saint Aroman Markéta , Sentenac Fanny , Taieb Alain , Thormann Kathrin , Vestergaard Christian , Wiener‐Hemme Gabriele , Wollenberg Andreas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAtopic patients, multi‐disciplinary specialists, caregivers, and experts from all over the world participated in the International Meeting of the Eczema Foundation in Malta (IMEF). During this 4‐day conference, attendants addressed the challenges pertaining to the management of atopic dermatitis by sharing their experience in the form of presentations, discussion sessions, workshops, and a plenary session. This article aims to report on what we consider to be a successful attempt to unite patients and caregivers in the quest for improved treatment of atopic dermatitis through the implementation of therapeutic patient education.
Widely Tunable Femtosecond Sources with Continuously Tailorable Bandwidth Enabled by Self‐Phase Modulation
Authors: Chou Lu‐Ting , Hung Hao‐Hsuan , Liu Ai‐Yin , Wu Shao‐Hsuan , Jang Je‐Chi , Zhong Dong‐Lin , Hsiao Hui‐Hsin , Chia Shih‐Hsuan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGenerating ultrafast pulses with better spectrotemporal control is crucial for optimizing and characterizing nonlinear light–matter responses, yet it is limited by the gain bandwidth of laser media or the phase‐matching geometry of nonlinear processes. This work proposes a simple approach to independently manage a femtosecond source's spectral location and bandwidth. Self‐phase‐modulation‐enabled spectral broadening is first analyzed, which is potentially energy‐scalable using hollow‐core capillaries or multipass cells. It is demonstrated that the outmost lobes in the broadened spectrum show different dependencies on the initial pulse energy and duration. A simple yet effective toy model is introduced that successfully predicts broadband spectral tuning, and the impact of other nonlinear effects, dispersion, and input pulse asymmetry on the experimental scenario is also discussed. Thus a fiber‐based versatile source is demonstrated, which is compressible down to its transform‐limit duration, as short as 12.2 fs centered at 920 nm. In addition, bandwidth‐dependent third‐harmonic generation spectroscopy is performed from a dielectric metasurface with an optimized nonlinear response, and the dependency of laser bandwidth and pulse duration is investigated on the signal‐to‐background ratio of two‐photon images. It is believed that this demonstration will advance the investigation of bandwidth‐dependent nonlinear spectroscopy and microscopy.
Statistical approaches applicable in managing OMICS data: Urinary proteomics as exemplary case
Authors: An De‐Wei , Yu Yu‐Ling , Martens Dries S. , Latosinska Agnieszka , Zhang Zhen‐Yu , Mischak Harald , Nawrot Tim S. , Staessen Jan A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWith urinary proteomics profiling (UPP) as exemplary omics technology, this review describes a workflow for the analysis of omics data in large study populations. The proposed workflow includes: (i) planning omics studies and sample size considerations; (ii) preparing the data for analysis; (iii) preprocessing the UPP data; (iv) the basic statistical steps required for data curation; (v) the selection of covariables; (vi) relating continuously distributed or categorical outcomes to a series of single markers (e.g., sequenced urinary peptide fragments identifying the parental proteins); (vii) showing the added diagnostic or prognostic value of the UPP markers over and beyond classical risk factors, and (viii) pathway analysis to identify targets for personalized intervention in disease prevention or treatment. Additionally, two short sections respectively address multiomics studies and machine learning. In conclusion, the analysis of adverse health outcomes in relation to omics biomarkers rests on the same statistical principle as any other data collected in large population or patient cohorts. The large number of biomarkers, which have to be considered simultaneously requires planning ahead how the study database will be structured and curated, imported in statistical software packages, analysis results will be triaged for clinical relevance, and presented.
Histone deacetylase inhibitor belinostat regulates metabolic reprogramming in killing KRAS‐mutant human lung cancer cells
Authors: Peter Rebecca M. , Sarwar Md. Shahid , Mostafa Sarah Z. , Wang Yujue , Su Xiaoyang , Kong Ah‐Ng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractKirsten rat sarcoma virus (KRAS) oncogene, found in 20%–25% of lung cancer patients, potentially regulates metabolic reprogramming and redox status during tumorigenesis. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have been investigated for treating KRAS‐mutant lung cancer. In the current study, we investigate the effect of HDAC inhibitor (HDACi) belinostat at clinically relevant concentration on nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (NRF2) and mitochondrial metabolism for the treatment of KRAS‐mutant human lung cancer. LC‐MS metabolomic study of belinostat on mitochondrial metabolism was performed in G12C KRAS‐mutant H358 non‐small cell lung cancer cells. Furthermore, l‐methionine (methyl‐13C) isotope tracer was used to explore the effect of belinostat on one‐carbon metabolism. Bioinformatic analyses of metabolomic data were performed to identify the pattern of significantly regulated metabolites. To study the effect of belinostat on redox signaling ARE‐NRF2 pathway, luciferase reporter activity assay was done in stably transfected HepG2‐C8 cells (containing pARE‐TI‐luciferase construct), followed by qPCR analysis of NRF2 and its target gene in H358 cells, which was further confirmed in G12S KRAS‐mutant A549 cells. Metabolomic study reveals significantly altered metabolites related to redox homeostasis, including tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle metabolites (citrate, aconitate, fumarate, malate, and α‐ketoglutarate); urea cycle metabolites (Arginine, ornithine, argino‐succinate, aspartate, and fumarate); and antioxidative glutathione metabolism pathway (GSH/GSSG and NAD/NADH ratio) after belinostat treatment. 13C stable isotope labeling data indicates potential role of belinostat in creatine biosynthesis via methylation of guanidinoacetate. Moreover, belinostat downregulated the expression of NRF2 and its target gene NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), indicating anticancer effect of belinostat is mediated, potentially via Nrf2‐regulated glutathione pathway. Another HDACi panobinostat also showed potential anticancer effect in both H358 and A549 cells via Nrf2 pathway. In summary, belinostat is effective in killing KRAS‐mutant human lung cancer cells by regulating mitochondrial metabolism which could be used as biomarkers for preclinical and clinical studies.
TXNL4B regulates radioresistance by controlling the PRP3‐mediated alternative splicing of FANCI
Authors: Ju Zhao , Xiang Jing , Xiao Liang , He Yan , Zhang Le , Wang Yin , Lei Ridan , Nie Yunfeng , Yang Long , Miszczyk Justyna , Zhou Pingkun , Huang Ruixue 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIonizing radiation (IR) has been extensively used for cancer therapy, but the radioresistance hinders and undermines the radiotherapy efficacy in clinics greatly. Here, we reported that the spliceosomal protein thioredoxin‐like 4B (TXNL4B) is highly expressed in lung tissues from lung cancer patients with radiotherapy. Lung cancer cells with TXNL4B knockdown illustrate increased sensitivity to IR. Mechanistically, TXNL4B interacts with RNA processing factor 3 (PRP3) and co‐localizes in the nucleus post‐IR. Nuclear localization of PRP3 promotes the alternative splicing of the Fanconi anemia group I protein (FANCI) transcript variants, FANCI‐12 and FANCI‐13. PRP3 regulates alternative splicing of FANCI toward the two variants, FANCI‐12 and FANCI‐13. Radioresistance was greatly enhanced through the combination of PRP31 and PRP8, the critical components of core spliceosome promoted by PRP3. Notably, the inhibition of PRP3 to suppress the production of FANCI‐12 would deprive PRP31 and PRP8 of such interaction. As a result, cell cycle G2/M arrest was induced, DNA damage repair was delayed, and radiosensitivity was improved. Collectively, our study highlights potential novel underlying mechanisms of the involvement of TXNL4B and alternative splicing in radioresistance. The results would benefit potential cancer radiotherapy.
The downside of artificial intelligence (AI) in green choices: How AI recommender systems decrease green consumption
Authors: Wang Kai , Lu Lin , Fang Junyi , Xing Yiwei , Tong Zelin , Wang Lei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractExtant research shows that marketers are increasingly utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) recommender systems to aid consumers in purchasing decisions across various products, but little research has examined the potential negative impact of AI recommenders on consumers' green consumption intentions compared with human recommender. To address this gap, three studies reveal that AI (vs. human) recommenders reduce consumers' motivation for impression management in green consumption contexts, resulting in decreased intention to purchase green products. This negative effect of AI recommenders on green consumption can be mitigated by priming consumer's environmental identity. This research contributes to the literature of green consumption and AI usage, while also providing practical implications for marketers to manage consumer's reduced green consumption intentions resulting from AI recommenders.
Optimal contract design for live streaming platforms under dual asymmetric information considering corporate social responsibility
Authors: Zhang Wenqian , Wang Haiyan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWhen live streamers sell products to consumers on live streaming platforms, their abilities and service efforts are private, and thus, the issues of identifying their true abilities, motivating them to use appropriate service efforts, and providing a mechanism to allocate profits remain to be resolved for live streaming platforms. Adopting a principal–agent model, we investigate the optimal contract design between a live streaming platform and live streamers. In addition, we study the impacts of the price and service competition between live streamers and the platform's corporate social responsibility on the optimal contract design. The results show that high commission rates and low signing bonuses are not always beneficial to platforms, and the optimal contract design to identify the types of live streamers can make it more profitable. In addition, the utility‐maximizing platform always sets lower commission rates and signing bonuses compared with the profit‐maximizing platform. Regardless of the platform's goal, total profits and commission rates are higher under competition compared with no competition. For the government, policies and subsidies should be provided, such as regulating commission rates by setting a limited range and increasing subsidies for the marginal costs of live streaming platforms, which can effectively motivate live streaming platforms to enhance corporate social responsibility.
Recanalize ureteral stents with focused ultrasound
Authors: Singh Rohit , Samaddar Abhirup , Duchene David , Waller Stephen , Yang Xinmai 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundMaintaining ureteral patency is imperative to preventing renal injury and systemic infection. Ureteral stents are small conduits connecting the kidney and the bladder. They have been widely used to treat ureteral obstructions and ureteral leaks. The most problematic and frequent stent‐associated complication is stent encrustation. This occurs when mineral crystals (e.g. calcium, oxalate, phosphorus, struvite) are deposited onto the surface and internal lumen of the stent. Encrustation can lead to the obstruction of a stent and increases risk of systemic infection. As a result, ureteral stents need to be replaced typically every 2–3 months.PurposeIn this study, we present a non‐invasive, high‐intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU)‐based technique to recanalize obstructed stents. By taking advantage of the mechanical force produced by a HIFU beam, including acoustic radiation force, acoustic streaming, and cavitation, HIFU can break up encrustations, clearing the stent of obstruction.MethodsThe ureteral stents for this study were obtained from patients undergoing ureteral stent removal. Under the guidance of ultrasound imaging, the encrustation in the stents were located, and then targeted by HIFU at frequencies of 0.25 and 1 MHz. The duty cycle of HIFU was 10%, and the HIFU burst repetition rate was 1 Hz, while the HIFU amplitude was varied to find the threshold pressure that would displace encrustations. The treatment duration was limited at 2 min (or 120 shots from HIFU). The treatments were carried out in two different orientations (parallel and perpendicular) of the ureteral stent with respect to the HIFU beam. For each setting, five treatments were conducted for a maximum duration of 2 min. During the entire treatment, an ultrasound imaging system was used to monitor the movement of encrustations inside the stent. The peak negative HIFU pressures needed to move the encrustations inside the stent was recorded for quantitative analysis.ResultsOur results demonstrated that at both 0.25 and 1 MHz ultrasound frequencies, obstructed stents could be recanalized. At 0.25 MHz, the needed average peak negative pressure was 0.52 MPa in parallel orientation and 0.42 MPa in perpendicular orientation. At 1 MHz, the needed average peak negative pressure was 1.10 MPa in parallel orientation and 1.15 MPa in perpendicular orientationConclusionsThis first in‐vitro study has demonstrated the feasibility of non‐invasive HIFU to recanalize ureteral stents. This technology has a potential to reduce the need for ureteral stent exchange.
Axon fiber orientation as the source of T1 relaxation anisotropy in white matter: A study on corpus callosum in vivo and ex vivo
Authors: Kauppinen Risto A. , Thothard Jeromy , Leskinen Henri P. P. , Pisharady Pramod K. , Manninen Eppu , Kettunen Mikko , Lenglet Christophe , Gröhn Olli H. J. , Garwood Michael , Nissi Mikko J. 
Published: May 2023

PurposeRecent studies indicate that T1 in white matter (WM) is influenced by fiber orientation in B0. The purpose of the study was to investigate the interrelationships between axon fiber orientation in corpus callosum (CC) and T1 relaxation time in humans in vivo as well as in rat brain ex vivo.MethodsVolunteers were scanned for relaxometric and diffusion MRI at 3 T and 7 T. Angular T1 plots from WM were computed using fractional anisotropy and fiber‐to‐field‐angle maps. T1 and fiber‐to‐field angle were measured in five sections of CC to estimate the effects of inherently varying fiber orientations on T1 within the same tracts in vivo. Ex vivo rat‐brain preparation encompassing posterior CC was rotated in B0 and T1, and diffusion MRI images acquired at 9.4 T. T1 angular plots were determined at several rotation angles in B0.ResultsAngular T1 plots from global WM provided reference for estimated fiber orientation–linked T1 changes within CC. In anterior midbody of CC in vivo, where small axons are dominantly present, a shift in axon orientation is accompanied by a change in T1, matching that estimated from WM T1 data. In CC, where large and giant axons are numerous, the measured T1 change is about 2‐fold greater than the estimated one. Ex vivo rotation of the same midsagittal CC region of interest produced angular T1 plots at 9.4 T, matching those observed at 7 T in vivo.ConclusionThese data causally link axon fiber orientation in B0 to the T1 relaxation anisotropy in WM.