bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel compact highly sensitive non-invasive microwave antenna sensor for blood glucose monitoring
Authors: Aldhaheri Rabah W. , Kamili Jagadeesh Babu , Nella Anveshkumar , Sobahi Nebras M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In the present work, a novel compact and highly sensitive microwave antenna sensor at 2.45 GHz is proposed for evaluating glucose concentration in blood. The antenna is printed on an FR-4 substrate of compact dimensions 35 mm × 13.5 mm × 1.6 mm. A human finger phantom model is constructed in the EM simulation high frequency structure simulator environment consisting of skin, blood, fat, and bone layers. In the study, finger models with various shapes like rectangular, cylindrical, and ellipsoid are considered, and the results are compared. The glucose concentration is changed from 0 to 500 mg/dL, and the corresponding shift is evaluated by keeping the finger phantom at different locations near the antenna. The frequency shifts obtained in the designed experiment are used to evaluate glucose concentration in blood samples. In this work, a minimum and a maximum frequency shift of around 1.25 and 5 MHz, respectively, are observed when the finger phantom is placed at the top of the radiating element. Simulated antenna results are found to be in good agreement with the measured results. The developed method is validated with a two-antenna model by calculating time delay and isolation for different glucose concentrations. An experiment of placing a real human finger around a fabricated antenna presents good correspondence with the simulation results.
The emergence of post-narrativity in the era of artificial intelligence: a non-anthropocentric perspective on the new ecology of narrative agency
Authors: Lee Jin Young , Kim Sung Do 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn the age of artificial intelligence, writing machines or robot authors have already begun to produce narrative texts in a variety of genres, including short stories and poetry, as well as journalistic articles. This article is based on the prospect that the narrative ecosystem is in a transitional period of decisive disconnection as it enters the era of artificial intelligence. The primary force driving this transition is the formidable execution of artificial intelligence algorithms, which fully automate narrative communication and narrative works. This article attempts to lay the groundwork for building a new paradigm of post-narrativity through a critical examination of several detailed themes in narrative semiotics and non-anthropocentric narratology. The process of narrative creation based on artificial intelligence algorithms is a key condition that constitutes post-narrativity. This presupposes a non-anthropocentric view. In the landscape of post-narrativity, human writers, paper books, computer screens, and invisible narrative algorithms are all agents with equal influence. Automated narrative production by algorithms accelerates the repositioning of other existing media and actors, and changes the narrative ecosystem by incorporating new elements into activities such as production, distribution, and reception of narratives.
Erfüllt die nukleare Abschreckung der NATO ihren Zweck?
Authors: Roberts Brad 
Published: September 2023

Kurzfassung
Nach den nuklearen Drohungen des russischen Präsidenten Putin im Zuge des Ukraine-Kriegs halten viele NATO-Mitgliedstaaten es für notwendig, die Wirksamkeit des Systems der nuklearen Abschreckung zu überprüfen und einen Reformprozess einzuleiten. Dafür wären Natur, Aufgaben und Reformbedarf der erweiterten nuklearen Abschreckung zu untersuchen. Da das gegenwärtige Dispositiv der NATO den Bedrohungsstand der 90er- und frühen 2000er-Jahre reflektiert, muss man zunächst die heutigen Aufgaben erweiterter nuklearer Abschreckung durch die USA in Europa benennen und Kriterien definieren, um beurteilen zu können, ob eine Abschreckungswirkung erreicht wird. Die bestehenden, im Rahmen der nuklearen Teilhabe in Europa stationierten Fähigkeiten erfüllen generell den Zweck der Abschreckung, allerdings nur im Verbund mit den strategischen Kapazitäten der USA, Frankreichs und Großbritanniens. Es gilt, ihre Verwundbarkeit für Präemptivschläge zu verringern und das Spektrum an Nuklearwaffen und Trägermitteln zu verbreitern. So wichtig neben der Hardware die Software der erweiterten Abschreckung ist, so sinnvoll wäre eine höhere Anzahl von NATO-Mitgliedstaaten, die auf die eine oder andere Weise an der nuklearen Teilhabe mitwirken. Auch sollte die NATO vehementer ihre deklaratorische Politik akzentuieren. Ein großes Hindernis für eine angemessene Reform ist indes die Weigerung vieler europäischer Regierungen, sich einer innenpolitischen Debatte über Notwendigkeit und Voraussetzungen nuklearer Abschreckung zu stellen.
Die Rolle von begrenzten Nuklearoptionen für die erweiterte Abschreckung in Europa
Authors: Wachs Lydia 
Published: September 2023

Kurzfassung
Wie kann eine glaubwürdige erweiterte Abschreckung in Europa gewährleistet werden? Diese Frage beschäftigt die Sicherheitspolitik der USA und die Planungen der NATO bereits seit Jahrzehnten. In den kommenden Jahren dürfte sie eine erneute Renaissance erleben. Als Folge der im Ukraine-Krieg erkennbar gewordenen Schwächen Russlands im Bereich der konventionellen Waffen sowie der strategischen Neuaufstellung der NATO wird der Stellenwert von nicht-strategischen Nuklearwaffen in Russlands Sicherheitsstrategie in den kommenden Jahren vermutlich zunehmen. Dies könnte die Krisenstabilität in Europa schwächen. Dieser Artikel analysiert, wie eine wirksame erweiterte Abschreckung der USA angesichts dieser Entwicklungen im europäischen Sicherheitsumfeld aufrechterhalten werden kann. Der Fokus liegt auf der Rolle relativ begrenzter Nuklearoptionen. Eine glaubwürdige begrenzte nukleare Option wird unerlässlich für den zukünftigen Fortbestand einer soliden erweiterten Abschreckung sein. In diesem Kontext kommt der Nuklearpolitik der Biden-Administration besondere Bedeutung zu. Vor allem die Entscheidung der Regierung Biden für ein Beibehalten der unter Präsident Trump eingeführten seegestützten ballistischen Raketen mit Nukleargefechtsköpfen relativ geringer Sprengkraft kann dazu beitragen, sowohl Russlands Risikokalkulation zu beeinträchtigen als auch die Rückversicherung von Verbündeten zu stärken. In Zukunft ist allerdings auch von den europäischen NATO-Staaten mehr Engagement und Initiative mit Blick auf die europäische Abschreckung und Verteidigung gefragt.
TPVB and general anesthesia affects postoperative functional recovery in elderly patients with thoracoscopic pulmonary resections based on ERAS pathway
Authors: An Na , Dong Wenzhe , Pang Guangdong , Zhang Yiwei , Liu Chunling 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective
Thoracic surgery is easy to cause various perioperative complications, especially in elderly patients, due to their physical weakness and physiological function degeneration. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is a common complication in elderly patients undergoing thoracic surgery. This study focuses on exploring the effects of thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) combined with general anesthesia on postoperative functional recovery in elderly patients undergoing thoracoscopic radical resection for lung cancer based on enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathway.

Methods
A total of 104 patients aged 60 years or older undergoing thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer were randomized into the combination group (n = 52) and the control group (n = 52). Patients in the control group were given general anesthesia alone, while patients in the combination group were given TPVB combined with general anesthesia. All patients applied the ERAS model for the perioperative intervention. Hemodynamic indices (heart rate [HR] and mean arterial pressure [MAP]) before anesthesia (T0), 5 min after thoracoscopic trocar placement (T1), at extubation (T2), 30 min after extubation (T3), and 6 h after the surgery (T4), postoperative analgesia, preoperative and postoperative serum pain stress factors (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT], prostaglandin E2 [PGE2], cortisol [Cor], substance P [SP], and norepinephrine [NE]), tumor markers (CYFRA21-1, CEA, and CA50), inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, and c-reactive protein (CRP)), lung function indicators (forced vital capacity [FVC] and forced expiratory volume in the first second [FEV1]), 6 min walking distance (6MWD), clinical recovery indicators, hospitalization status, and postoperative complications in patients between both groups were compared.

Results
Compared with the control group, patients in the combination group had lower HR and MAP at T1–T4 time points, less intraoperative doses of remifentanil and propofol, less patient-controlled interscalene analgesia compression number 24 h after the surgery, lower visual analogue scale scores 24 h after the surgery, shorter hospitalization time, postoperative off-bed time, postoperative chest tube removal time, postoperative first feeding time and gastrointestinal function recovery time, reduced postoperative serum levels of 5-HT, PGE2, Cor, SP, NE, CYFRA21-1, CEA, CA50, IL-6, TNF-α, and CRP, decreased complications, and higher FVC, FEV1, and 6MWD.

Conclusion
Based on the ERAS pathway, TPVB combined with general anesthesia in thoracoscopic surgery for lung cancer in elderly patients can effectively reduce the patients’ hemodynamic fluctuations, alleviate postoperative pain, accelerate the recovery process, and reduce complications.
Crystal structure of the quaternary lithogallate Sr2LiGaO4
Authors: Volpini Johannes G. , Hoerder Gregor J. , Seibald Markus , Baumann Dominik , Huppertz Hubert 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The new quaternary lithogallate Sr2LiGaO4 was prepared by conventional solid-state synthesis in a welded tantalum ampoule at T = 850 °C. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was used to elucidate the crystal structure of the compound, which crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pnma (no. 62) with the lattice parameters a = 11.2434(4), b = 5.6879(2), and c = 6.6983(2) Å. The phase composition of the powder sample was determined by Rietveld refinement based on X-ray diffraction data. The crystal structure is composed of layers of corner-sharing LiO4 and GaO4 tetrahedra with alternating orientation parallel to the crystallographic bc plane. The eightfold coordinated strontium atoms are arranged in a zigzag manner between the layers forming two types of double-capped trigonal prismatic SrO8 units with common faces. The crystal structure of Sr2LiGaO4 is isotypic to that of the lithoaluminate derivate Sr1.85Ba0.15LiAlO4.
Neue Wege zu sozialen Rechten?Digitale Märkte für Rechtsdienstleistungen in Deutschland
Authors: Rehder Britta , Apitzsch Birgit , Schillen Philip 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Artikel untersucht die Bedeutung der sogenannten Legal Technologies für die Sozialpolitik und das Sozialrecht in Deutschland. Auf der Basis einer empirischen Untersuchung entwickelt er eine Typologie von Anbietern digitaler Rechtsdienstleistungen und diskutiert ihre Bedeutung sowie die Implikationen für das Politikfeld. Die Hauptthese des Textes lautet, dass neue Geschäftsmodelle für digitale Rechtsdienstleistungen Konzentrationsprozesse befördern, die auch auf anderen Online-Märkten zu beobachten sind. Sie fordern die bisherigen anwaltlichen Strategien der Positionierung und Kooperation heraus und können Zugänge zum Recht so verändern, dass Rückwirkungen auf das Feld der Sozialpolitik zu erwarten sind.
Customizable Open-Source Rotating Rod (Rotarod) Enables Robust Low-Cost Assessment of Motor Performance in Mice
Authors: Widjaja Josephine H. , Sloan Douglas C. , Hauger Joseph A. , Muntean Brian S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractReliable measurements of motor learning and coordination in mice are fundamental aspects of neuroscience research. Despite the advent of deep-learning approaches for motor assessment, performance testing on a rotating rod (rotarod) has remained a staple in the neuroscientist’s toolbox. Surprisingly, commercially available rotarod instruments offer limited experimental flexibility at a relatively high cost. In order to address these concerns, we engineered a highly-customizable, low-budget rotarod device with increased functionality. Here, we present a detailed guide to assemble this rotarod using simple materials. Our apparatus incorporates a variation of interchangeable rod sizes and designs which provides for adjustable testing sensitivity. Moreover, our rotarod is driven by open-source software enabling bespoke acceleration ramps and sequences. Finally, we report the strengths and weaknesses of each rod design following multiday testing on cohorts of C57BL/6 mice. We expect explorations in deviant rod types to provide a foundation for the development of increasingly sensitive models for motor performance testing along with low-budget alternatives for the research community.
Effects of Aging on Successful Object Encoding: Enhanced Semantic Representations Compensate for Impaired Visual Representations
Authors: Naspi Loris , Stensholt Charlotte , Karlsson Anna E. , Monge Zachary A. , Cabeza Roberto 
Published: September 2023

Although episodic memory and visual processing decline substantially with healthy aging, semantic knowledge is generally spared. There is evidence that older adults' spared semantic knowledge can support episodic memory. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) combined with representational similarity analyses (RSAs) to examine how novel visual and preexisting semantic representations at encoding predict subjective memory vividness at retrieval. Eighteen young and seventeen older adults (female and male participants) encoded images of objects during fMRI scanning and recalled these images while rating the vividness of their memories. After scanning, participants discriminated between studied images and similar lures. RSA based on a deep convolutional neural network and normative concept feature data were used to link patterns of neural activity during encoding to visual and semantic representations. Relative to young adults, the specificity of activation patterns for visual features was reduced in older adults, consistent with dedifferentiation. However, the specificity of activation patterns for semantic features was enhanced in older adults, consistent with hyperdifferentiation. Despite dedifferentiation, visual representations in early visual cortex (EVC) predicted high memory vividness in both age groups. In contrast, semantic representations in lingual gyrus (LG) and fusiform gyrus (FG) were associated with high memory vividness only in the older adults. Intriguingly, data suggests that older adults with lower specificity of visual representations in combination with higher specificity of semantic representations tended to rate their memories as more vivid. Our findings suggest that memory vividness in aging relies more on semantic representations over anterior regions, potentially compensating for age-related dedifferentiation of visual information in posterior regions.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNormal aging is associated with impaired memory for events while semantic knowledge might even improve. We investigated the effects of aging on the specificity of visual and semantic information in the brain when viewing common objects and how this information enables subsequent memory vividness for these objects. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) combined with modeling of the stimuli we found that visual information was represented with less specificity in older than young adults while still supporting memory vividness. In contrast semantic information supported memory vividness only in older adults and especially in those individuals that had the lowest specificity of visual information. These findings provide evidence for a spared semantic memory system increasingly recruited to compensate for degraded visual representations in older age.
ПІДГОТОВКА МАЙБУТНІХ ЛІКАРІВ ДО МІЖКУЛЬТУРНОЇ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ У ПРОФЕСІЙНІЙ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ
Authors: ХАЛЛО ОЛЕКСАНДРА 
Published: September 2023

Стаття присвячена визначенню поняття «міжкультурне середовище майбутніх лікарів» й окресленню шляхів формування означеного конструкту в освітньому процесі закладів вищої медичної освіти. Зазначено, що проблема формування готовності майбутніх лікарів до міжкультурної взаємодії у професійній діяльності не була предметом окремого дослідження та потребує практичної розробленості. Методами дослідження є аналіз наукової літератури, анкетування студентів з метою виявлення їхнього ставлення до міжкультурного середовища, у якому вони навчаються.
Розглянуто підходи науковців до визначення сутності понять «підготовка», «професійна підготовка», «фахова підготовка». Зазначено, що професійна підготовка є визначеною логічно структурованою єдністю організаційних і психолого-педагогічних заходів, які забезпечують формування у студентів професійних знань, умінь і навичок, особистісних і професійних компетентностей, що в сукупності утворюють їх особистісно професійну готовність. Визначено, що міжкультурне середовище майбутніх лікарів є процесом розкриття професійного й особистісного потенціалу завдяки засвоєнню вітчизняними й іноземними студентами досвіду співпраці та партнерства в медичній сфері, обмін інформацією, передовими ідеями та технологіями. Установлено, що важливим аспектом професійної діяльності майбутніх лікарів є їх готовність до ефективної взаємодії з представниками інших культур у подальшій професійній діяльності, формування в них здатності до обміну професійним досвідом у галузі медицини з вітчизняними та зарубіжними партнерами. Доведено, що професійна підготовка майбутніх лікарів зумовлює необхідність формування міжкультурної комунікації під час навчання в закладах вищої медичної освіти.
Psychometric Properties of Family-Supportive Supervisor Behavior: Lithuanian Version
Authors: Vadvilavičius Tadas , Burčikaitė Donata 
Published: September 2023

Valid and reliable research methods are needed to assess the family-suportive supervisor behavior in Lithuania. A cross-sectional study was conducted to test the psychometric properties of the Lithuanian version of Hammer et al. (2009) family-supportive supervisor behavior scale (internal consistency, discriminant, convergent and structural validity) in employess sample (N = 180). Results revealed that the Lithuanian version of the family-supportive supervisor behavior had high internal consistency. Adequate convergent validity was confirmed by finding statistically significant positive relationships with social support, and discriminant validity was confirmed by finding statistically significant negative relationships with work–family conflict. Finally, structural validity was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis, which revealed that the four-factor structure of the questionnaire had the best fit. The results of the research show that the Lithuanian version of the scale of family-suportive supervisor behavior is a suitable measurement instrument, but further studies on the evaluation of the scale are still needed.
JET+PCB strategy in the treatment of superficial femoral artery occlusion: a case report
Authors: Shukurov F. B. , Rudenko B. A. , Feshchenko D. A. , Vasiliev D. K. , Kuzub A. A. , Taliuridze M. T. 
Published: September 2023

Сritical limb ischemia (CLI) is becoming more and more common among patients worldwide. This is a comorbid condition, which is accompanied by chronic pain, sometimes trophic ulcers and gangrene, as well as a decrease in the quality of life. Despite the chronic nature of ischemia, the absence of treatment is accompanied by a high incidence of limb amputation and death. Patients with lower limb atherosclerosis had the higher risk of cardiovascular events and death. This publication proposes to consider minimally invasive interventional arterial revascularization in a 63-year-old patient with intermittent claudication, stage III critical limb ischemia, with a history of bilateral superficial femoral artery (SFA) stenting. Control lower limb angiography showed bilateral SFA occlusion and thrombosis. Taking into account the restenosis of the previously implanted stent, JET+PCB strategy was considered: first stage — rotational atherectomy followed by SFA angioplasty with a drug-eluting balloon catheter. The correct choice of minimally invasive surgery method in combination with non-pharmacological (smoking cessation, training walking) and pharmacological methods made it possible to restore viability and preserve the lower limb without negative consequences for the patient's health.
C-reactive protein: perioperative changes and prognostic significance in assessing the risk of atrial fibrillation in patients after coronary bypass surgery
Authors: Mingalimova A. R. , Chashchin M. G. , Arutyunyan A. G. , Litinskaya O. A. , Sagirov M. A. , Dzhioeva O. N. , Drapkina O. M. 
Published: September 2023

Aim. To study the level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) before coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) and on days 7-10, as well as to assess the association of perioperative changes in hsCRP with the risk of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF).Material and methods. The study included 80 patients (71 (88,75%) men) who underwent an elective CABG in Cardiac Surgery Department of Sklifosovsky Research Institute of Emergency Medicine. The first episode of POAF was considered an episode of arrhythmia, registered by electrocardiography (ECG), Holter monitoring (HM) or bedside cardiac monitor in the intensive care unit. Depending on the development of atrial fibrillation in the postoperative period, patients were divided into 2 following groups: patients with POAF (n=20), patients without POAF (n=60). The serum level of hsCRP was studied twice: before surgery and 7-10 after CABG in patients of both groups.Results. Both groups did not differ significantly in the initial concentration of hsCRP (p=0,802). In the postoperative period, patients in both groups showed a significant increase in hsCRP compared with the initial concentration — up to 39,1 [19,6; 64,0] mg/l in the POAF group (p<0,001) and up to 29,3 [19,7; 45,6] mg/l in the group without POAF (p=0,001), but the difference between the groups was not significant (p=0,338). Serum hsCRP concentration at 7-10 days after CABG in patients of both groups was significantly higher than the baseline (p<0,001). However, no association between POAF risk and hsCRP concentration was found (p>0,05).Conclusion. In patients after CABG, on days 7-10, there is a significantly higher level of hsCRP compared with the initial concentration. There were no significant differences in the level of hsCRP between patients with and without POAF. The POAF of is not associated with an initially elevated level of hsCRP and hsCRP level on days 7-10 after CABG.