bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting anxiety and depression over 12 months of the COVID‐19 pandemic: A machine learning study
Authors: Bailey Brooklynn , Strunk Daniel R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic was associated with substantial increases in anxiety and depressive symptoms. To understand individual risk, we examined a large set of potential risk factors for anxiety and depression in the pandemic context.MethodsAdults in the United States (N = 1200) completed eight online self‐report assessments over 12 months of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Area under the curve scores summarized cumulative experiences of anxiety and depression over the assessment period. A machine learning approach to elastic net regularized regression was used to select predictors of cumulative anxiety and depression severity from a set of 68 sociodemographic, psychological, and pandemic‐related baseline variables.ResultsCumulative anxiety severity was most strongly explained by stress and depression‐related variables (such as perceived stress) and select sociodemographic characteristics. Cumulative depression severity was predicted by psychological variables, including generalized anxiety and depressive symptom reactivity. Being immunocompromised or having a medical condition were also important.ConclusionsBy considering many predictors, findings provide a more complete view than previous studies focused on specific predictors. Important predictors included psychological variables suggested by prior research and variables more specific to the pandemic context. We discuss how such findings can be used in understanding risk and planning interventions.
Continuous evolution and emerging lineage of seasonal human coronaviruses: A multicenter surveillance study
Authors: Ye Run‐Ze , Gong Cheng , Cui Xiao‐Ming , Liu Jin‐Yue , Fan Hang , Xie Hui , Wang Qian , Ren Zhen‐Yong , Zhang Ya‐Wei , Xia Luo‐Yuan , Zhang Ming‐Zhu , Li Yu‐Yu , Li Ze‐Hui , Du Li‐Feng , Zhang Jie , Cheng Nuo , Shi Wenqiang , Li Mao‐Zhong , Zhao Lin , Jiang Jia‐Fu , Jia Na , Huang Fang , Cao Wu‐Chun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe seasonal human coronaviruses (HCoVs) have zoonotic origins, repeated infections, and global transmission. The objectives of this study are to elaborate the epidemiological and evolutionary characteristics of HCoVs from patients with acute respiratory illness. We conducted a multicenter surveillance at 36 sentinel hospitals of Beijing Metropolis, China, during 2016–2019. Patients with influenza‐like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) were included, and submitted respiratory samples for screening HCoVs by multiplex real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction assays. All the positive samples were used for metatranscriptomic sequencing to get whole genomes of HCoVs for genetical and evolutionary analyses. Totally, 321 of 15 677 patients with ILI or SARI were found to be positive for HCoVs, with an infection rate of 2.0% (95% confidence interval, 1.8%–2.3%). HCoV‐229E, HCoV‐NL63, HCoV‐OC43, and HCoV‐HKU1 infections accounted for 18.7%, 38.3%, 40.5%, and 2.5%, respectively. In comparison to ILI cases, SARI cases were significantly older, more likely caused by HCoV‐229E and HCoV‐OC43, and more often co‐infected with other respiratory pathogens. A total of 179 full genome sequences of HCoVs were obtained from 321 positive patients. The phylogenetical analyses revealed that HCoV‐229E, HCoV‐NL63 and HCoV‐OC43 continuously yielded novel lineages, respectively. The nonsynonymous to synonymous ratio of all key genes in each HCoV was less than one, indicating that all four HCoVs were under negative selection pressure. Multiple substitution modes were observed in spike glycoprotein among the four HCoVs. Our findings highlight the importance of enhancing surveillance on HCoVs, and imply that more variants might occur in the future.
Novel SARS‐CoV‐2 entry inhibitors, 2‐anilinoquinazolin‐4(3H)‐one derivatives, show potency as SARS‐CoV‐2 antivirals in a human ACE2 transgenic mouse model
Authors: Ko Meehyun , Lee Jun Young , Shin Young Sup , Jeon Sangeun , Myung Subeen , Cho Jung‐Eun , Jang Min Seong , Song Jong Hwan , Kim Hyoung Rae , Park Hyeung‐geun , Park Chul Min , Kim Seungtaek 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe ongoing COVID‐19 has not only caused millions of deaths worldwide, but it has also led to economic recession and the collapse of public health systems. The vaccines and antivirals developed in response to the pandemic have improved the situation markedly; however, the pandemic is still not under control with recurring surges. Thus, it is still necessary to develop therapeutic agents. In our previous studies, we designed and synthesized a series of novel 2‐anilinoquinazolin‐4(3H)‐one derivatives, and demonstrated inhibitory activity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and MERS‐CoV in vitro. We then conducted in vivo studies using modified compounds that are suitable for oral administration. These compounds demonstrated no toxicity in rats and inhibited viral entry. Here, we investigated the in vivo efficacy of these drug candidates against SARS‐CoV‐2. Three candidate drugs, 7‐chloro‐2‐((3,5‐dichlorophenyl)amino)quinazolin‐4(3H)‐one (1), N‐(7‐chloro‐4‐oxo‐3,4‐dihydroquinazolin‐2‐yl)‐N‐(3,5‐dichlorophenyl)acetamide (2), and N‐(7‐chloro‐4‐oxo‐3,4‐dihydroquinazolin‐2‐yl)‐N‐(3,5‐difluorophenyl)acetamide (3) were administered orally to hACE2 transgenic mice at a dose of 100 mg/kg. All three drugs improved survival rate and reduced the viral load in the lungs. These results show that the derivatives possess in vivo antiviral efficacy similar to that of molnupiravir, which is currently being used to treat COVID‐19. Overall, our data suggest that 2‐anilinoquinazolin‐4(3H)‐one derivatives are promising as potential oral antiviral drug candidates against SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.
Improved almost blank subframe technology with cooperative interference suppression
Authors: Chen Cong , Long Zixuan , Nan Fang , Xiao Luyao , Zhu Dijie , Li Xiang , Liu Ying , Shao Shihai 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlmost blank subframe (ABS) is a classic and efficient technology to cancel interference in cellular networks and could be applied in future networks such as ultra‐density network. However, the existence of ABS will result in the deterioration of the communication capacity of the macro base station (BS), particularly for applications with large number of edge users. To solve this problem, an improved ABS technology with an interference cancelation scheme is proposed. For the considered scenario, the macro BS and the micro BS work in a cooperative manner, where the signal transmitted by the macro BS interferes with the communication between the micro BS and its edge terminals. At the terminal side, both the nonlinearity of the macro BS transmitter and the propagation model between the edge user and the macro BS are estimated using neural networks (NNs), which are then sent to the micro BS for interference elimination through the ABS. At the micro BS side, firstly, the nonlinearity and channel parameters from the ABS frame are used to generate a cancelation signal. Secondly, the cancelation signal is sent from the micro BS to the edge user to eliminate the disturbance from the macro BS. This enhanced technology can alleviate the disturbance for the edge user. Meanwhile, since it massively decreases the occupancy of ABS in the macro BS, the capacity of the macro cell can be improved.
Evaluation of Fetal Cardiac Functions in Preeclampsia: Does the Severity or Proteinuria Affect Fetal Cardiac Functions?
Authors: Hendem Derya Uyan , Oluklu Deniz , Beser Dilek Menekse , Yildirim Muradiye , Turgut Ezgi , Tanacan Atakan , Sahin Dilek 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveTo compare the fetal cardiac functions in preeclampsia and control group, and determine whether the severity or amount of proteinuria affects fetal cardiac functions.MethodsThis prospective case–control study involves 48 pregnant women with preeclampsia and 48 healthy women. Pulsed wave Doppler, M‐mode, and tissue Doppler imaging were used to measure the cardiac function between the 32 and 34 gestational weeks in each group. All Doppler indices and cardiac function parameters were also compared in subgroups with mild and severe preeclampsia and between subgroups with proteinuria >3 g/24 hours and <3 g/24 hours.ResultsDecreased diastolic function (decreased E, A, E′, and A′ values in mitral/tricuspid valves and increased isovolumetric relaxation time) and decreased systolic functions (decreased mitral and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion and S′ value in mitral/tricuspid valves) were detected in the preeclampsia group. Decreased tricuspid E value in severe preeclampsia compared with mild preeclampsia was shown in the present study.ConclusionPreeclampsia may cause changes in systolic and diastolic functions in the fetal heart. Subclinical functional changes of these fetuses can be detected earlier and more sensitively with the help of tissue Doppler imaging. Biventricular diastolic functional changes are more prominent in preeclamptic cases with proteinuria >3 g/24 hours.
Severe cutaneous scleromyxedema treated by lenalidomide
Authors: Brochet Théo , Dadban Ali , Beauvillain Quentin , Boucher Clemence , Dessirier Fanny , Attencourt Christophe , Lok Catherine , Morel Pierre , Halle Aurélie , Chaby Guillaume 
Published: June 2023

AbstractScleromyxedema is a rare clinical variant of primary cutaneous mucinosis. It is defined by a generalized papular and sclerodermoid eruption associated with monoclonal gammopathy. No specific definitive treatment is known and those tried have inconsistent results. The first‐line treatment is intravenous immunoglobulin infusions with variable response and frequent relapse. We describe, here, a patient with scleromyxedema with lambda monoclonal gammopathy treated effectively with low‐dose lenalidomide and dexamethasone. There was no clinical or biological relapse after 3 years of follow‐up. In our opinion, agents targeting the abnormal plasma cell clone like lenalidomide are the most promising in the treatment of scleromyxedema.
Red deer in the Pyrenees: a risky secondary contact zone for conservation genetics
Authors: Pérez‐González Javier , Gort‐Esteve Araceli , Ruiz‐Olmo Jordi , Anaya Gabriel , Broggini Camilla , Millán Marina F. , Vedel Giovanni , de la Peña Eva , Membrillo Alberto , Seoane José M. , Azorit Concepción , Carranza Juan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNatural events over time, and human interventions, influence the genetic structure of species. The red deer (Cervus elaphus) is widely distributed in Europe, with a large‐scale genetic structure largely determined by Pleistocene climatic oscillations. The Iberian Peninsula acted as one of the main glacial refuges for many species; a particular red deer lineage remains on the peninsula and is subjected to special conservation policies. The mountain range of the Pyrenees might be a contact zone where Iberian red deer (Cervus elaphus hispanicus) could hybridize with other central European genetic lineages. In the late twentieth century, the natural distribution areas of red deer on both sides of the Pyrenees became closer because of restocking from central Iberia to areas south of the Pyrenees and from French populations to areas north of the Pyrenees. We analyzed the genetic structure of red deer populations in the Pyrenees to investigate the underlying processes of population contact and hybridization. The analysis of microsatellite genotypes showed 2 genetic clusters. One of these clusters associated with Iberian red deer, whereas the other presented European non‐Iberian genetic composition. Migration and hybridization events occurred between both genetic clusters, mostly in the eastern part of the sampling area. The Pyrenees is currently a secondary contact zone caused by anthropogenic translocations, and a risky hybrid belt for red deer genetic conservation.
Mathematical simulation and optimization of xylene isomerization reactor to enhance p‐xylene production
Authors: Hafizi Ali , Farsi Mohammad , Esfandyari Morteza 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study investigated mathematical modeling and optimization of the xylene isomerization reaction in a commercial adiabatic reactor. The proposed model, consisting of a set of algebraic and ordinary differential equations, is based on a heterogeneous one‐dimensional steady‐state formulation. To verify the proposed model, the simulation results have been compared to available data from an industrial reactor. A good agreement has been found between the simulation and plant data. The genetic algorithm (GA) method is applied to optimize the reactor operating conditions considering the para‐xylene (p‐xylene) mole fraction in reactor outlet as the main objective function. According to the simulation results, there is an optimum initial temperature for maximizing the objective function. In the optimization process, the p‐xylene mole fraction was enhanced by 3.0% at an optimized feed temperature of 678.04K.
Do You Like Your Voice? A Population‐Based Survey of Voice Satisfaction and Voice Enhancement
Authors: Naunheim Matthew R. , Puka Elefteria , Huston Molly N. 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesVoice enhancement for patients without obvious vocal pathology or loss of function is rarely discussed clinically or in academic research. Our objectives were to: (1) determine voice satisfaction on a population level, and (2) assess willingness to consider interventions to change one's voice.MethodsA standardized questionnaire was created to assess current and past voice disorders. Questions assessed demographics, health status, prevalence of voice disorders, and questions regarding satisfaction with voice. Iterative survey testing and piloting were performed. A cohort with age, gender, and geographic distribution of the general adult population was then queried in an online survey. Qualitative analysis and both descriptive and multivariate statistics were performed.ResultsA total of 1522 respondents were included, with an age, gender, and regional distribution reflective of the US population. A minority (38.8%) of respondents reported that they did not like the sound of their own voice in normal conversation; when asked about listening to a recording of their own voice, a majority (57.5%) reported dissatisfaction with voice. Discontent with one's voice was associated with being middle age (p = 0.005), female gender (p < 0.0001), and white race (p < 0.0001). Approximately 50.6% of respondents without a history of dysphonia would consider interventions to change their voice. Of those who indicated they may elect to change their voice, qualities regarding clarity and pitch were paramount.ConclusionDissatisfaction with one's speaking voice is common. A considerable percentage of the general population without a voice disorder would consider interventions to change their voice.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 133:3455–3461, 2023
Using a settlement connectivity‐based framework to map the farmland abandonment risk: A case study on the World Heritage of Honghe Hani Rice Terraces
Authors: Jiao Yuanmei , Liu Zhilin , Ding Yinping , Xu Qiue , Yang Yuliang , Liu Chengjing , Liao Huijuan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFarmland abandonment is a gradual, complex, and fragmented process that varied with time and space. How to identify the abandonment‐risk of farmland with a spatial explicit way is a challenge and a key step toward the efficient management and sustainability of regional agriculture. This paper introduced the quantification method of connectivity from landscape ecology, took the rural settlements as the source patches that farmers moved out with materials and energies into the sink patches of farmlands, and during the moving process the least‐cost path among settlements means the highest connectivity and the lowest risk of farmland abandonment. Then the new integrated framework for spatially quantifying the abandonment‐risk of farmland based on settlement connectivity combined with the least‐cost model (namely the FARBSC framework) was put forward and validated at the Honghe Hani Rice Terraces (HHRT) in Southwestern China. The verification and accuracy comparison of the FARBSC framework to the composite indicators and the buffer zone analysis of settlement were all indicated the efficiency of the new method. For the HHRT region, according to the FARBSC framework, the risky, weakly stable, stable, and highly stable zone is occupied 13.5%, 43.3%, 36.7%, and 6.5% of the land, respectively. The FARBSC framework had provided a quick and convenient way to mapping the risk area of farmland abandonment, especially for data‐lack remote rural mountainous areas, such rice terrace heritage sites in mountainous Asia. More detailed spatial data can be used to improve its accuracy in future studies.
Comparative study between natural and artificial weathering of acrylic‐coated steel, aluminum, and galvanized steel
Authors: Cristoforetti Andrea , Rossi Stefano , Deflorian Flavio , Fedel Michele 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSince testing organic coatings under natural conditions is a time‐consuming process, accelerated methods are needed to produce results in less time. A simulated environment cannot fully reproduce actual operating conditions, so it is important to investigate the correlation between accelerated and natural aging test results. In this article, the natural aging of painted steel, aluminum, and hot‐dip galvanized steel is studied for 1 year under continental climate conditions. The environmental parameters responsible for the change of the protective system in a continental urban environment were monitored: time of wetness, ultraviolet radiation, and temperature. The extent of deterioration is compared with similar samples weathered by accelerated testing using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and gloss measurements. Neutral salt spray chamber, prohesion test, immersion in a quiescent salt solution, and ultraviolet B‐rays (UVB) exposure test are considered. The results of the accelerated cabinet tests are discussed, and the effect is evaluated for the various coated metals. This study highlights the major problems encountered in building a model to predict durability in such a critical area as the durability of organic coatings for metal structures.
Investigating the potential of casein as a sustainable material in inhibiting the corrosion of aluminum in hydrochloric acid
Authors: Rabizadeh Taher , Matin Javid Amin , Kazemi Marjaneh , Vahedian Khezerlou Nima , Ghanbari Hosna 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this study, the efficiency of casein in inhibiting the corrosion of aluminum in 0.1 M HCl was evaluated. Based on the weight loss data, increasing the amount of casein in the electrolyte from 50 to 500 ppm at 298 K decreased the corrosion rate of aluminum, for instance, from 2.53 to 0.58 g m−2 h−1. It was also demonstrated that with casein, the activation energy of the corrosion phenomenon increased (e.g., from 6.52 kJ/mol without casein to 27.54 kJ/mol with 500 ppm casein). The electrochemical polarization studies illustrated that in the presence of 500 ppm casein, the corrosion current density remarkably decreased from 63.09 to 6.1 µA/cm2. This was compatible with the increase in the charge transfer resistance recorded by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Furthermore, the X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy techniques confirmed the adsorption of casein on the working electrodes, which caused an enhancement in the surface quality of the specimens.
Enhanced corrosion performance of low‐cost titanium alloys in a simulated diabetic environment
Authors: Rundora Nicola R. , Van der Merwe Josias W. , Klenam Desmond E. P. , Bodunrin Michael O. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDue to their excellent biocompatibility, titanium alloys are the preferred materials for manufacturing bioimplants. Low‐cost titanium alloys have been developed as cheaper and less toxic alternatives for Ti–6Al–4V in the biomedical industry, but their suitability for diabetes patients is yet to be evaluated. With the growing number of diabetes patients globally, this research investigated the corrosion performance of low‐cost Ti–3Fe, Ti–4.5Al–1V–3Fe, and Ti–6Al–1V–3Fe alloys in 0.9 wt.% sodium chloride solution and glucose‐containing Hanks balanced salt solution (HBSS) compared with Ti–6Al–4V. Glucose was added to simulate the body fluids of patients with prediabetic and diabetic conditions. Open circuit potential and potentiodynamic polarization tests were performed. The results reveal that Ti–4.5Al–1V–3Fe and Ti–6Al–1V–3Fe alloys show superior corrosion resistance compared with the other alloys in the glucose‐containing solutions, as they had the lowest corrosion rate and higher corrosion potential. Consequently, these alloys hold promise as effective implants, particularly for people living with diabetes.
Protective Effect of Glucocorticoids against Symptomatic Disease in CSF1R Variant Carriers
Authors: Dulski Jarosław , Heckman Michael G. , Nowak Julia M. , Wszolek Zbigniew K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere is an unmet need for the treatment of colony‐stimulating factor‐1 receptor (CSF1R)‐related leukoencephalopathy.ObjectivesTo evaluate the association of glucocorticoids (GCs) with disease onset and progression in CSF1R variant carriers.MethodsRetrospective cohort study on CSF1R variants carriers (n = 41) whose medical records were collected at Mayo Clinic Florida from 2003 to 2023. We retrieved information on sex, ethnicity, family history, medications, disease onset, course and duration, neuroimaging features, and activities of daily living (ADL).ResultsRisk of developing symptoms was significantly lower for individuals who used GCs (n = 8) compared to individuals who did not (n = 33) (12.5% vs. 81.8%, hazard ratio [HR] = 0.10, P = 0.036). The risk of becoming dependent in ADL was markedly lower for the GCs group (0.0% vs. 43.8%, P = 0.006). White matter lesions and corpus callosum involvement were less common in the GCs group (62.5% vs. 96.6%, P = 0.026; 37.5% vs. 84.6%, P = 0.017; respectively).ConclusionsWe found a protective association of GCs in CSF1R variant carriers against developing CSF1R‐related leukoencephalopathy. We call for further studies to validate our findings and investigate the potential application of GCs in CSF1R‐related leukoencephalopathy. © 2023 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.