bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiparty Coalition Governments, Portfolio Allocation and Ministerial Turnover in Morocco and Algeria
Authors: Resta Valeria , Daadaoui Mohamed 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The article analyzes multiparty coalition governments under authoritarian tutelage in Morocco and Algeria. While in Morocco multiparty coalition governments are just a means for the King to dress their windows, in Algeria they represent a new arena of power bargaining. In both cases, portfolio allocation follows the Gamson’s law but cases of advantage for the formateur are also given. Nonetheless, the parties included in multiparty coalition governments are almost always regime-controlled ones, as is the case in Algeria, or encounter reserved domains constitutionally defined, as is the case in Morocco. Moreover, in both cases the democratic potential intrinsic to multiparty coalition governments is defused by preventing grassroots parties to access top-weighted ministerial portfolios and by envisaging a relevant role for non-party ministries. This renders cabinet positions hardly contestable and adds up to the durability of multiparty coalition governments while making them barely apt at channeling grassroots demands for political change.
The Window of Opportunity
Authors: Markou Helena 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This article explores UK bookselling in terms of the retail buying functions, promotional activity, merchandising, and stock management processes commonly adopted. The business structures and mechanisms that dictate organizational book buying in the UK market are also explored in terms of the time allowed for titles to succeed or fail. These very practical and logistical aspects of retailing are brought to life by the qualitative data obtained through seven semi-structured interviews in 2018–2019. The sample represented actors across the UK publishing industry supply chain but focused predominantly on the book buyer function. This research finds that the sale-or-return purchasing model, prevalent in the UK book trade, plays a crucial role in dictating the window of opportunity for books to succeed or fail; the book-buyer gatekeeper function is pivotal and highly sensitive to local demand; and that local demand is fulfilled through the curation of predictable or proven products in combination with novel or speculative products – the level of purchasing risk is dependent on retail location and footfall. These findings are aligned with organizational buyer behaviour, retail location theory, and buyer behaviour theory.
Engendered Perceptions
Authors: Zhang Amanda 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This article considers how Chinese Communist Party (CCP) officials understood, perceived, and experienced enemy female tewu (special agent) activities and “honey traps” during the early People’s Republic of China. Drawing upon internally circulated party reports and newsletters, speeches of officials, newspapers, films, literature, and dramas, it finds that officials saw enemy female tewu as real threats that had tangible impact on both civilians and men affiliated with the party through honey traps and gendered manipulations. It further argues that narratives of female tewu in official instructions, newspaper reports, and popular cultural works played a larger role in the CCP’s broader efforts to combat and resist enemy espionage than previously understood. This article contextualises existing arguments about CCP counterespionage propaganda. It counterbalances perspectives that suggest the utilisation of these narratives was largely based on irrational wartime sentiments, with the primary aim of increasing the party’s societal control.
From ChatGPT to China’ Sci-Tech: Implications for Chinese Higher Education
Authors: Zhang Xiyuan , Li Dong , Wang Cunchi , Jiang Zhujun , Ngao Ayubu Ismail , Liu Dan , Peters Michael A. , Tian Hongjun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The advent of transformative technologies, such as OpenAI’s ChatGPT, a natural language processing tool, significantly impacts the future of education, society, and the economy. Drawing on the theory of knowledge socialism and public goods, this paper critically examines the potential impact of ChatGPT in the context of China’s high-tech development and higher education. We believe these technologies resonate with the principles of knowledge socialism by promoting decentralization, openness, and collective intelligence and are poised to reshape the education sector and beyond.
The non-competitive and non-exclusive nature of ChatGPT makes it a public good with significant social benefits. In the educational domain, it has the potential to revolutionize teaching and learning by providing students with convenient, personalized learning experiences, real-time feedback, and multilingual support. However, despite its benefits, educators, and users must work to overcome its limitations, such as limited expertise, language understanding, reasoning skills, and potential risks associated with privacy, security, and misinformation.
This article discusses the need to prepare students for a future heavily impacted by ai, which requires a reassessment of digital literacy and competencies. Doing so would require leveraging ai tools and promoting human-centered approaches, developing higher-order thinking skills, emphasizing emotional education, and teaching academic ethics. In addition, introducing ai tools like ChatGPT in higher education requires regulation to prevent plagiarism and improve independent problem-solving.
This paper further explores the impact of ChatGPT on China’s technological development. The global attention attracted by ChatGPT has stimulated the growth of the ai industry and prompted the emergence of domestic products and applications in countries such as China. It is critical to harmonize the enforcement of competition laws and capitalize on the contributions of sizable enterprises in the realm of technological innovation and research.
Examining the Challenges and Strategies of Student Learning Burden Reduction Policy Implementation
Authors: Li Jian , Li Kun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The student learning burden reduction policy implementation has encountered a lot of invisible resistance, the effect is far from the expected, showing the implementation of the burden reduction policy surface, local, enlargement, alienation, stagnation form, so that the “burden reduction” cannot be effectively implemented, but the burden of students has become more and more major trend. We found that the problems faced by Chinese students’ burden reduction policy implementation include lack of in-depth interpretation of policy content and improper implementation, weak social foundation, and lack of synergy for policy implementation, and the weak policy management and supervision system. We suggested to ease conflicts of interest and build a community of values, coordinate various elements of education, and establish a rational communication mechanism and strengthen the system construction related to the policy of reducing the burden.
Revealing the Effect of Spinopelvic Alignment on Hip Disorders
Authors: Soydan Zafer , Bayramoglu Emru , Altas Okyar , Şen Cengiz 
Published: September 2023

Background: Hip osteoarthritis (HOA) is a growing burden and one of the leading causes of hip pain. The relationship between the HOA and the alignment of the spinopelvic region has been intensively studied, however the issue remains controversial. Spinopelvic imbalance, HOA, and dysplasia were investigated in relation to sagittal spinopelvic parameters in this study. Methods: We collected computerized tomography (CT) topograms of the pelvis or abdomen from 380 patients. In antero-posterior (AP) topograms, Tonnis grading, center-edge angle (CEA) and Sharp’s acetabular angle (AA) measurements were performed on each patient. Lateral topograms were used to evaluate the following spinopelvic parameters for each patient: pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT), sacral slope (SS), sacral table angle (STA), lumbar lordosis (LL), proximal lumbar lordosis (PLL), distal lumbar lordosis (DLL), and PI-LL difference. Initially, the cohort was divided into two subgroups based on whether or not they had HOA. Then, they were divided into two subgroups based on whether or not they had dysplasia. Ultimately, it was divided in half based on the PI-LL imbalance. Statistical analyses were conducted to determine the likely correlations between the spinopelvic parameters of these subgroups. In addition, the correlations between spinopelvic parameters were investigated. Results: There were 380 patients evaluated. We found no association between HOA or dysplasia and spinopelvic parameters. In addition, there was no association between PI-LL imbalance and HOA or dysplasia. Conclusion: There was no difference in constant PI and STA angle, besides other variable parameters, between groups having HOA and dysplasia or not. PI-LL imbalance has no effect on HOA and dysplasia.
Lidocaine as a potential therapeutic option for super-refractory status epilepticus: A case report
Authors: Sugata Mayu , Kataoka Hiroshi , Uchihara Yuto , Shimada Daisuke , Atagi Kazuaki , Nakamura Michitaka , Hara Makoto , Kawahara Makoto , Sugie Kazuma 
Published: September 2023

New-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) is a rare and devastating condition and the prognosis is often poor, with half to two-thirds of survivors experiencing drug-resistant epilepsy, residual cognitive impairment, or functional disability, and the mortality rate is 16% to 27% for adults. We describe a patient with cryptogenic NORSE and favorable recovery from drug-resistant super-refractory SE after the use of intravenous lidocaine. The patient experienced fever and presented with refractory generalized tonic-clonic seizures. The cause was not found by performing extensive examinations, including cell surface autoantibodies and rat brain immunohistochemistry evaluations. The refractory SE with unresponsiveness to multiple anti-epileptic and prolonged sedative medications, which are necessary for prolonged mechanical ventilation, were ameliorated by additive treatment with intravenous lidocaine initiating at 1 mg/kg/h and maintaining at 2 mg/kg/h for 40 days, which led to freedom from intravenous sedative medication and mechanical ventilation. The patient was able to return to school. Lidocaine may be an optional treatment for cryptogenic NORSE.
Health and social home services among community-dwelling older people during COVID-19: Results from the cross-sectional LOST in Lombardia project
Authors: Bertuccio Paola , Vigezzi Giacomo Pietro , Amerio Andrea , Cavalieri D’oro Luca , Iacoviello Licia , Stuckler David , Signorelli Carlo , Zucchi Alberto , Gallus Silvano , Odone Anna ,   *†The Lost in Lombardia Project Investigators
Published: September 2023

Background: Few studies have focused on changes in health and social services access due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to describe changes in the use of selected health and social home services due to the pandemic and to investigate potential associated factors, including socio-demographic characteristics, number of chronic diseases and mental health indicators, among older Italian individuals. Methods: We analysed data from the LOST in Lombardia cross-sectional study conducted in November 2020 on a large representative sample of 4400 individuals aged ⩾65 years. To identify potential factors associated with the increased use of three selected health and social home services, we estimated odds ratios (OR) and confidence intervals (CI) using multivariable logistic regression models. Results: Compared to the year before, 5.0% of older adults increased help from domestic workers (vs. 6.9% reducing) during the pandemic, 4.4% increased help from non-familiar caregivers (vs. 1.3% decreasing) and 4.7% increased medical home visits (vs. 1.0% decreasing). An increase in the use of these services was more frequent among participants with co-morbidities ( p for trend <0.001), especially with diabetes (for caregivers: OR=12.2, 95% CI 6.0–24.8), and worse mental health (for caregivers and for those with a GAD-2 score ⩾3 vs. <3: OR=10.6, 95% CI 5.8–19.4). Conversely, people living in more crowded households less frequently increased health and social services use during the pandemic. Conclusions: Our results should inform targeted interventions for the identified vulnerable groups to close the gap in health and social inequities.
Ulnar dimelia – a review of 24 cases
Authors: Winge Mona I. , Guéro Stéphane , Zavarukhin Vladimir , Paavilainen Pasi , Baldrighi Carla , Kjørup Anders , Hülsemann Wiebke 
Published: September 2023

Ulnar dimelia is a very rare unilateral congenital upper limb anomaly (CULA) affecting the whole extremity. Treatment remains difficult because of the complexity and multi-level involvement. Twenty-four cases with duplicated ulna, absent radius and polydactyly from seven European centres were reviewed according to a structured list of parameters. At first consultation, median age 8 months (1–178), the shoulder movement was good in 17 patients or poor in six, and the median passive elbow range of motion was 20° (0°–90°). The resting wrist position was flexed in 22/24 patients. Following stretching and splinting, elbow surgery included resection of the lateral proximal ulna in 11 patients and muscle transfers in six to improve passive movement and increase active elbow motion, respectively. Tendon transfers were performed in eight wrists and a pollicization or pseudo-pollicization in 23 patients. Overall, patients demonstrate acceptable function postoperatively. Guidelines for treatment of this severe CULA are presented. Level of evidence: IV
The theoretical and practical difficulties of evaluating a community-based ‘whole systems’ obesity prevention intervention: a research team’s critical reflection
Authors: Gadsby EW , Hotham S , Merritt R 
Published: September 2023

Aims: This article critically discusses the purpose, pragmatics and politics of conducting commissioned evaluations on behalf of public sector organisations by drawing on the experience of evaluating a community-based ‘whole systems’ obesity prevention intervention for an English local council. Methods: The study presented in this article incorporated two approaches: an evaluability assessment that interrogated the theoretical and practical difficulties of evaluating the intervention in a non-political way, and a retrospective analysis using Soft Systems Methodology that interrogated the more political difficulties of conducting such an evaluation in the ‘real world’. The information and insights that enabled these reflections came from over 3 years of working closely with the programme team, attending and participating in stakeholder events and meetings, presenting to the Council’s Scrutiny Committee meetings, four interviews with the programme manager, and multiple face-to-face group meetings, email exchanges and telephone conversations. Results: The study reveals and analyses three key inter-related challenges that arose during the evaluation of the ‘whole systems’ obesity prevention intervention: the programme’s evaluability, the evaluation purpose, and the nature, role and quality of evidence. Conclusions: The evaluability assessment was important for defining the programme’s theoretical and practical evaluability, and the retrospective analysis using Soft Systems Methodology enabled a greater understanding of the political tensions that existed. Key learning points related to the challenges that arose during this evaluation have broad applicability.
Long-term outcomes in a retrospective cohort of patients with rectal cancer with complete response after total neoadjuvant therapy: a propensity-score weighted analysis
Authors: Wang Jingwen , Zhang Lijie , Wang Minghe , Zhang Jing , Wang Yaqi , Wan Juefeng , Li Guichao , Zhang Hui , Wang Yan , Wu Ruiyan , Zhang Zhiyuan , Li Xinxiang , Xu Ye , Zhu Ji , Shen Lijun , Xia Fan , Zhang Zhen 
Published: September 2023

Background: The watch-and-wait (W&W) strategy is a novel treatment option for patients with rectal cancer who have a strong desire for organ preservation. The study aimed to explore the long-term outcomes of the W&W strategy in a large cohort of rectal cancer patients who achieved a clinical complete response (cCR) after consolidation total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT), and to compare with patients who achieved a pathological complete response (pCR) after radical surgery. Methods: The W&W group comprised patients who were assessed as having a cCR after consolidation TNT and adopted the W&W strategy. Patients who underwent standard resection and achieved a pCR were compared as a reference. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW)-adjusted Kaplan–Meier analysis with log-rank test was used to compare survival outcomes. Results: We included 89 and 171 patients in the W&W and pCR groups, respectively. The median follow-up period was 45 and 58 months for the W&W and pCR groups, respectively. After IPTW adjustment, the 2-year local regrowth/recurrence rate for the W&W and pCR groups were 9.9% and 2.0%, respectively ( p < 0.001). The W&W and pCR groups had similar 5-year outcomes, including overall survival, disease-free survival, and distant metastasis-free survival (all p > 0.05). No significant difference was observed in the rates of distant metastasis between patients in the W&W group with local regrowth and those without local regrowth (25% versus 6.2%, p = 0.119). Conclusion: Patients who were managed with a W&W strategy after consolidation TNT had favorable survival outcomes, which were similar to those of patients with a pCR. The rate of local regrowth in W&W patients was lower in our study than in other studies as a result of the implementation of consolidation TNT.
Performance-Enhancing Drugs in Healthy Athletes: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses
Authors: Warrier Alec A. , Azua Eric N. , Kasson Luke B. , Allahabadi Sachin , Khan Zeeshan A. , Mameri Enzo S. , Swindell Hasani W. , Tokish John M. , Chahla Jorge 
Published: September 2023

Context: Many clinicians, trainers, and athletes do not have a true understanding of the effects of commonly used performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs) on performance and health. Objective: To provide an evidence-based review of 7 commonly used pharmacological interventions for performance enhancement in athletes. Data Sources: PubMed and Scopus databases were searched on April 8, 2022. Study Selection: Systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs) assessing the performance-enhancing effects of the following interventions were included: androgenic anabolic steroids (AAS), growth hormone (GH), selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs), creatine, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitors, recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO), and cannabis. Study Design: Umbrella review of SRs and MAs. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Data Extraction: Primary outcomes collected were (1) body mass, (2) muscle strength, (3) performance, and (4) recovery. Adverse effects were also noted. Results: A total of 27 papers evaluating 5 pharmacological interventions met inclusion criteria. No studies evaluating SARMs or ACE-inhibitors were included. AAS lead to a 5% to 52% increase in strength and a 0.62 standard mean difference in lean body mass with subsequent lipid derangements. GH alters body composition, without providing a strength or performance benefit, but potential risks include soft tissue edema, fatigue, arthralgias, and carpel tunnel syndrome. Creatine use during resistance training can safely increase total and lean body mass, strength, and performance in high-intensity, short-duration, repetitive tasks. Limited evidence supports rHuEPO benefit on performance despite increases in both VO2max and maximal power output, and severe cardiovascular risks are documented. Cannabis provides no performance benefit and may even impair athletic performance. Conclusion: In young healthy persons and athletes, creatine can safely provide a performance-enhancing benefit when taken in controlled doses. AAS, GH, and rHuEPO are associated with severe adverse events and do not support a performance benefit, despite showing the ability to change bodily composition, strength, and/or physiologic measures. Cannabis may have an ergolytic, instead of ergogenic, effect.
The accessibility and safety of inserting proximal basilic and axillary veins central lines in neonates
Authors: Aly Hany , Mohamed Mohamed , Ejaz Sehar , Farghaly Mohsen A A , Malik Komail , Qattea Ibrahim 
Published: September 2023

Objectives: to evaluate the accessibility, success rate, and attributable complications and to describe the maneuver for central line insertion via proximal basilic or axillary veins in neonates. Methods: This retrospective study included all infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit and had an axillary central line inserted or attempted. Success rate, complications, and outcomes were reviewed. Results: Axillary central line was attempted in 85 infants and was successful in 78 infants with a success rate of 91.7%. The median postnatal age of patients was 8 days (2 days–92 days), and the median weight of patients at the procedure was 2600 g (590 g–3900 g). The median corrected gestational age of patients at the procedure was 36 weeks (23 weeks–46 weeks). No serious complication was observed in any of the 85 infants. Conclusion: This study demonstrated a high success rate for insertion of proximal basilic and axillary veins central lines in neonates with difficult vascular access. This procedure was feasible in very low birth and extremely low birth preterm infants, especially in those who failed previous central line attempts.
A community-based cross-sectional study of eye care service utilization among the adult population in southern Ethiopia
Authors: Merga Hailu , Amanuel Desalegn , Fekadu Lata , Dube Lamessa 
Published: September 2023

Background: Visual impairment, which is related to many eye diseases, is a major public health problem. If detected and treated early, it can be prevented; therefore, regular use of vision services is very important. Objective: This study aimed to assess the proportion of utilization of eye care services and associated factors among the rural community population in southern Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study design with a two-stage cluster random sampling technique was conducted to collect data from adults aged 40 years and above using interviewer-administered questionnaires. Kebeles were randomly selected by the lottery method, and systematic random sampling with proportional distribution was used to select the households. An adult individual was randomly selected from a household when there was more than one adult available. A binary logistic regression model was used to establish the association between eye care service utilization and the variables that might affect it. Results: Of the 551 study population, 510 responded to this study, and the response rate was 92.6%. The mean age of the respondents was 52.2 years. The rate of eye care service utilization was 29% (95% confidence interval (0.25, 0.33)). The study shows that older participants, aged 65 and above (adjusted odds ratio: 4.04; 95% confidence interval (2.20, 7.43)), having previous eye problems (adjusted odds ratio: 10.04; 95% confidence interval (5.81, 17.33)), the presence of systemic illness (adjusted odds ratio: 2.52; 95% confidence interval (1.21, 5.21)), and having awareness about regular checkups (adjusted odds ratio: 11.75; 95% confidence interval (6.62, 20.84)) were found to be the predictors of eye care service utilization. Conclusion: In this study, utilization of eye care services was low. Older age, previous eye problems, systemic illness, and awareness about checkups were found to be predictors of eye care service utilization. Hence, there is a need to increase the absorption of existing ophthalmic services and create awareness of the use of ophthalmology services to reduce preventive blindness.