bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An aerobic exercise intervention to improve metabolic health among people living with HIV with at-risk alcohol use: the ALIVE-Ex research study protocol
Authors: Simon Liz , Primeaux Stefany D. , Levitt Danielle E. , Bourgeois Brianna , Johannsen Neil M. , Peters Adrianna , Ahmed Jameel , Marshall Richard H. , Fairchild Alexandra H. , Ferguson Tekeda F. , Molina Patricia E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundEffective antiretroviral therapy (ART) in people living with HIV (PLWH) has improved life expectancy and increased risk of age-associated cardiometabolic comorbidities. At-risk alcohol use is more frequent among PLWH and increases the risk of health challenges. PLWH with at-risk alcohol use are more likely to meet criteria for prediabetes/diabetes and this is associated with impaired whole-body glucose-insulin dynamics.MethodsThe Alcohol & Metabolic Comorbidities in PLWH: Evidence Driven Interventions Study (ALIVE-Ex Study, NCT03299205) is a longitudinal, prospective, interventional study to determine the effects of an aerobic exercise protocol on improving dysglycemia among PLWH with at-risk alcohol use. The intervention is a moderate intensity aerobic exercise protocol implemented 3 days per week for 10 weeks at the Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans. Participants who have a fasting blood glucose level between 94 and 125 mg/dl will be enrolled in the study. Oral glucose tolerance tests, fitness assessments, and skeletal muscle biopsies will be performed pre- and post-exercise intervention. The primary outcome is to determine whether the exercise protocol improves measures of whole-body glucose-insulin dynamics, cardiorespiratory fitness, and skeletal muscle metabolic and bioenergetic function. Secondary outcomes are to determine whether the exercise intervention improves cognitive function and overall quality of life. Results generated will demonstrate the effect of exercise on glycemic measures in PLWH with subclinical dysglycemia and at-risk alcohol use.ConclusionsThe proposed intervention will also have the potential to be scalable to promote lifestyle changes among PLWH, particularly in underserved communities.
Acupuncture combined with moxibustion mitigates spinal cord injury-induced motor dysfunction in mice by NLRP3-IL-18 signaling pathway inhibition
Authors: Zheng Ji-Hui , Yuan Na , Zhang Peng , Liu De-Feng , Lin Wei , Miao Jun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Spinal cord injury (SCI), which reportedly induces severe motor dysfunction, imposes a significant social and financial burden on affected individuals, families, communities, and nations. Acupuncture combined with moxibustion (AM) therapy has been widely used for motor dysfunction treatment, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In this work, we aimed to determine whether AM therapy could alleviate motor impairment post-SCI and, if so, the potential mechanism.

Methods
A SCI model was established in mice through impact methods. AM treatment was performed in SCI model mice at Dazhui (GV14) and Jiaji points (T7-T12), Mingmen (GV4), Zusanli (ST36), and Ciliao (BL32) on both sides for 30 min once per day for 28 days. The Basso–Beattie–Bresnahan score was used to assess motor function in mice. A series of experiments including astrocytes activation detected by immunofluorescence, the roles of NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3)–IL-18 signaling pathway with the application of astrocyte-specific NLRP3 knockout mice, and western blot were performed to explore the specific mechanism of AM treatment in SCI.

Results
Our data indicated that mice with SCI exposure exhibited motor dysfunction, a significant decrease of neuronal cells, a remarkable activation of astrocytes and microglia, an increase of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-18 expression, and an elevation of IL-18 colocalized with astrocytes, while astrocytes-specific NLRP3 knockout heavily reversed these changes. Besides, AM treatment simulated the neuroprotective effects of astrocyte-specific NLRP3 knockout, whereas an activator of NLRP3 nigericin partially reversed the AM neuroprotective effects.

Conclusion
AM treatment mitigates SCI-induced motor dysfunction in mice; this protective mechanism may be related to the NLRP3–IL18 signaling pathway inhibition in astrocytes.
“I literally had no support”: barriers and facilitators to supporting the psychosocial wellbeing of young people with mental illness in Tasmania, Australia
Authors: Savaglio Melissa , Yap Marie B. H. , Smith Toni , Vincent Ash , Skouteris Helen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere has been limited focus on understanding the barriers and facilitators to meeting the broader psychosocial needs of young people with mental illness from the perspectives of young people. This is required to advance the local evidence base and inform service design and development. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore young people’s (10–25 years) and carers’ experiences of mental health services, focusing on barriers and facilitators to services supporting young people’s psychosocial functioning.MethodsThis study was conducted throughout 2022 in Tasmania, Australia. Young people with lived experience of mental illness were involved in all stages of this research. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 32 young people aged 10–25 years with experience of mental illness, and 29 carers (n = 12 parent–child dyads). Qualitative analysis was guided by the Social-Ecological Framework to identify barriers and facilitators at the individual (young person/carer level), interpersonal, and service/systemic level.ResultsYoung people and carers identified eight barriers and six facilitators across the various levels of the Social-Ecological Framework. Barriers included, at the individual level: (1) the complexity of young people’s psychosocial needs and (2) lack of awareness/knowledge of services available; at the interpersonal level: (3) negative experiences with adults and (4) fragmented communication between services and family; and at the systemic level: (5) lack of services; (6) long waiting periods; (7) limited service accessibility; and (8) the missing middle. Facilitators included, at the individual level: (1) education for carers; at the interpersonal level: (2) positive therapeutic relationships and (3) carer advocacy/support; and at the systemic level: (4) flexible or responsive services, (5) services that address the psychosocial factors; and (6) safe service environments.ConclusionsThis study identified key barriers and facilitators to accessing and utilising mental health services that may inform service design, development, policy and practice. To enhance their psychosocial functioning, young people and carers want lived-experience workers to provide practical wrap-around support, and mental health services that integrate health and social care, and are flexible, responsive and safe. These findings will inform the co-design of a community-based psychosocial service to support young people experiencing severe mental illness.
Regulation of dendritic spine length in corticopontine layer V pyramidal neurons by autism risk gene β3 integrin
Authors: Celora Lucia , Jaudon Fanny , Vitale Carmela , Cingolani Lorenzo A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe relationship between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and dendritic spine abnormalities is well known, but it is unclear whether the deficits relate to specific neuron types and brain regions most relevant to ASD. Recent genetic studies have identified a convergence of ASD risk genes in deep layer pyramidal neurons of the prefrontal cortex. Here, we use retrograde recombinant adeno-associated viruses to label specifically two major layer V pyramidal neuron types of the medial prefrontal cortex: the commissural neurons, which put the two cerebral hemispheres in direct communication, and the corticopontine neurons, which transmit information outside the cortex. We compare the basal dendritic spines on commissural and corticopontine neurons in WT and KO mice for the ASD risk gene Itgb3, which encodes for the cell adhesion molecule β3 integrin selectively enriched in layer V pyramidal neurons. Regardless of the genotype, corticopontine neurons had a higher ratio of stubby to mushroom spines than commissural neurons. β3 integrin affected selectively spine length in corticopontine neurons. Ablation of β3 integrin resulted in corticopontine neurons lacking long (> 2 μm) thin dendritic spines. These findings suggest that a deficiency in β3 integrin expression compromises specifically immature spines on corticopontine neurons, thereby reducing the cortical territory they can sample. Because corticopontine neurons receive extensive local and long-range excitatory inputs before relaying information outside the cortex, specific alterations in dendritic spines of corticopontine neurons may compromise the computational output of the full cortex, thereby contributing to ASD pathophysiology.
Noninvasive prediction of axillary lymph node breast cancer metastasis using morphometric analysis of nodal tumor microvessels in a contrast-free ultrasound approach
Authors: Ferroni Giulia , Sabeti Soroosh , Abdus-Shakur Tasneem , Scalise Lorenzo , Carter Jodi M. , Fazzio Robert T. , Larson Nicholas B. , Fatemi Mostafa , Alizad Azra 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Changes in microcirculation of axillary lymph nodes (ALNs) may indicate metastasis. Reliable noninvasive imaging technique to quantify such variations is lacking. We aim to develop and investigate a contrast-free ultrasound quantitative microvasculature imaging technique for detection of metastatic ALN in vivo.

Experimental design
The proposed ultrasound-based technique, high-definition microvasculature imaging (HDMI) provides superb images of tumor microvasculature at sub-millimeter size scales and enables quantitative analysis of microvessels structures. We evaluated the new HDMI technique on 68 breast cancer patients with ultrasound-identified suspicious ipsilateral axillary lymph nodes recommended for fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). HDMI was conducted before the FNAB and vessel morphological features were extracted, analyzed, and the results were correlated with the histopathology.

Results
Out of 15 evaluated quantitative HDMI biomarkers, 11 were significantly different in metastatic and reactive ALNs (10 with P << 0.01 and one with 0.01 < P < 0.05). We further showed that through analysis of these biomarkers, a predictive model trained on HDMI biomarkers combined with clinical information (i.e., age, node size, cortical thickness, and BI-RADS score) could identify metastatic lymph nodes with an area under the curve of 0.9 (95% CI [0.82,0.98]), sensitivity of 90%, and specificity of 88%.

Conclusions
The promising results of our morphometric analysis of HDMI on ALNs offer a new means of detecting lymph node metastasis when used as a complementary imaging tool to conventional ultrasound. The fact that it does not require injection of contrast agents simplifies its use in routine clinical practice.
Evaluating glucose variability through OGTT in early pregnancy and its association with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in non-diabetic pregnancies: a large-scale multi-center retrospective study
Authors: Tano Sho , Kotani Tomomi , Ushida Takafumi , Yoshihara Masato , Imai Kenji , Nakamura Noriyuki , Iitani Yukako , Moriyama Yoshinori , Emoto Ryo , Kato Sawako , Yoshida Shigeru , Yamashita Mamoru , Kishigami Yasuyuki , Oguchi Hidenori , Matsui Shigeyuki , Kajiyama Hiroaki 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Recent evidence suggests increased glucose variability (GV) causes endothelial dysfunction, a central pathology of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). We aimed to investigate the association between GV in early pregnancy and subsequent HDP development among non-diabetes mellitus (DM) pregnancies.

Methods
This multicenter retrospective study used data from singleton pregnancies between 2009 and 2019. Among individuals who had 75 g-OGTT before 20 weeks of gestation, we evaluated GV by 75 g-OGTT parameters and examined its relationship with HDP development, defining an initial-increase from fasting-plasma glucose (PG) to 1-h-PG and subsequent-decrease from 1-h-PG to 2-h-PG.

Results
Approximately 3.0% pregnancies (802/26,995) had 75 g-OGTT before 20 weeks of gestation, and they had a higher prevalence of HDP (14.3% vs. 7.5%). The initial-increase was significantly associated with overall HDP (aOR 1.20, 95% CI 1.02–1.42), and the subsequent-decrease was associated with decreased and increased development of early-onset (EoHDP: aOR 0.56, 95% CI 0.38–0.82) and late-onset HDP (LoHDP: aOR 1.38, 95% CI 1.11–1.73), respectively.

Conclusions
A pattern of marked initial-increase and minor subsequent-decrease (i.e., sustained hyperglycemia) was associated with EoHDP. Contrarily, the pattern of marked initial-increase and subsequent-decrease (i.e., increased GV) was associated with LoHDP. This provides a new perspective for future study strategies.
ATHENA: an independently validated autophagy-related epigenetic prognostic prediction model of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Xu Ziang , Chen Xinlei , Song Xiaomeng , Kong Xinxin , Chen Jiajin , Song Yunjie , Xue Maojie , Qiu Lin , Geng Mingzhu , Xue Changyue , Zhang Wei , Zhang Ruyang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe majority of these existing prognostic models of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) have unsatisfactory prediction accuracy since they solely utilize demographic and clinical information. Leveraged by autophagy-related epigenetic biomarkers, we aim to develop a better prognostic prediction model of HNSCC incorporating CpG probes with either main effects or gene–gene interactions. Based on DNA methylation data from three independent cohorts, we applied a 3-D analysis strategy to develop An independently validated auTophagy-related epigenetic prognostic prediction model of HEad and Neck squamous cell carcinomA (ATHENA). Compared to prediction models with only demographic and clinical information, ATHENA has substantially improved discriminative ability, prediction accuracy and more clinical net benefits, and shows robustness in different subpopulations, as well as external populations. Besides, epigenetic score of ATHENA is significantly associated with tumor immune microenvironment, tumor-infiltrating immune cell abundances, immune checkpoints, somatic mutation and immunity-related drugs. Taken together these results, ATHENA has the demonstrated feasibility and utility of predicting HNSCC survival (http://bigdata.njmu.edu.cn/ATHENA/).
Matrix completion via modified schatten 2/3-norm
Authors: Ha Jincai , Li Chuan , Luo Xiaohu , Wang Zhi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLow-rank matrix completion is a hot topic in the field of machine learning. It is widely used in image processing, recommendation systems and subspace clustering. However, the traditional method uses the nuclear norm to approximate the rank function, which leads to only the suboptimal solution. Inspired by the closed-form formulation of $$L_{2/3}$$

L

2
/
3

regularization, we propose a new truncated schatten 2/3-norm to approximate the rank function. Our proposed regularizer takes full account of the prior rank information and achieves a more accurate approximation of the rank function. Based on this regularizer, we propose a new low-rank matrix completion model. Meanwhile, a fast and efficient algorithm are designed to solve the proposed model. In addition, a rigorous mathematical analysis of the convergence of the proposed algorithm is provided. Finally, the superiority of our proposed model and method is investigated on synthetic data and recommender system datasets. All results show that our proposed algorithm is able to achieve comparable recovery performance while being faster and more efficient than state-of-the-art methods.
The relationship between fear of surgery and affecting factors in surgical patients
Authors: Akutay Seda , Ceyhan Özlem 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to explain the fear of surgery in surgical patients, the affecting factors, and their relationship.

Methods
This study was conducted as a descriptive and cross-sectional study. The study population consists of 300 patients undergoing surgical intervention. Data were collected using the “patient information form” and “Surgical Fear Questionnaire.” Parametric and nonparametric tests were used to evaluate the data. The relationship between the fear questionnaire and age, number of previous surgeries, and pre-operative pain was evaluated using Spearman correlation analysis. The relationship with emotional stress was evaluated with multiple linear regression analysis.

Results
In this study, it was determined that the predictors of the surgical fear level of the patients were age, gender, anesthesia type, and pre-operative pain experience. There was a negative correlation between the age of the patients and the fear of surgery score and a positive correlation between the pre-operative pain severity and the fear of surgery score. It was determined that the factors most associated with pre-operative fear levels were the patients’ pre-operative sense of inadequacy (p < 0.001), feeling anxious and unhappy, and confusion about the surgery decision (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
According to the results of this study, it has been determined that the emotional states and fears of the patients before the surgery have significant effects on the fear of surgery. For this, it is recommended to determine the emotional states and fears of the patients before the surgery and to make appropriate interventions, as it will facilitate compliance with the surgical process.
Neighborhood collective efficacy and environmental exposure to firearm homicide among a national sample of adolescents
Authors: Aubel Amanda J. , Bruns Angela , Zhang Xiaoya , Buggs Shani , Kravitz-Wirtz Nicole 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Living near an incident of firearm violence can negatively impact youth, regardless of whether the violence is experienced firsthand. Inequities in household and neighborhood resources may affect the prevalence and consequences of exposure across racial/ethnic groups.

Findings
Using data from the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study and the Gun Violence Archive, we estimate that approximately 1 in 4 adolescents in large US cities lived within 800 m (0.5 miles) of a past-year firearm homicide during 2014–17. Exposure risk decreased as household income and neighborhood collective efficacy increased, though stark racial/ethnic inequities remained. Across racial/ethnic groups, adolescents in poor households in moderate or high collective efficacy neighborhoods had a similar risk of past-year firearm homicide exposure as middle-to-high income adolescents in low collective efficacy neighborhoods.

Conclusions
Empowering communities to build and leverage social ties may be as impactful for reducing firearm violence exposure as income supports. Comprehensive violence prevention efforts should include systems-level strategies that jointly strengthen family and community resources.
Velocity structure above seismological bedrock estimated from earthquake recordings: an application of diffuse wave-field concept to strong motions in Iran
Authors: Ashayeri Iman , Ito Eri , Kawase Hiroshi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe present velocity structure inversion for three stations of Iranian Strong Motion Network (ISMN), and one KiK-net station that is used as a benchmark, for the application of diffuse wave-field concept in tectonic and geological setting of the west of Iran. This study compares the results of two existing computer codes for the velocity structure inversion at these sites. The computer codes use different search space parameterization, and error-minimization algorithms. Firstly, the available information on subsurface structure and surface geology from the strong motion stations is introduced. Then, ground motions of MW larger than 4, with PGA of all components less than 50 cm/s2 are used to calculate horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios of earthquakes (eHVSR) at each station. The observed eHVSR curves are inverted for the velocity structure of the stations, and the results are compared with each other and the information of previous studies. Finally, the eHVSR curves of the mainshock records of the recent MW 7.3 earthquake at two ISMN sites are investigated. The velocity inversion is repeated by considering the shear modulus degradation of several shallow layers. Empirical nonlinear site amplification functions are calculated based on the modified VS structure and the VS structure of the linear ground response for two ISMN stations.
Graphical Abstract
Refractive outcome and lens power calculation after intrascleral intraocular lens fixation: a comparison of three-piece and one-piece intrascleral fixation technique
Authors: Schranz Markus , Reumüller Adrian , Kostolna Klaudia , Novotny Caroline , Schartmüller Daniel , Abela-Formanek Claudette 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the refractive prediction error of common intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation formulae in patients who underwent intrascleral IOL fixation using two different techniques.

Methods
This is a prospective, randomized, longitudinal, single-site, single-surgeon study. Patients who underwent intrascleral IOL implantation using the Yamane or the Carlevale technique were followed up for a period of six months postoperatively. Refraction was measured using the best-corrected visual acuity at 4 m (EDTRS chart). Lens decentration, tilt and effective lens position (ELP) were assessed using an anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). The prediction error (PE) and the absolute error (AE) were evaluated for the SRK/T, Hollayday1 and Hoffer Q formula. Subsequently, correlations between the PE and axial length, keratometry, white to white and ELP were assessed.

Results
In total, 53 eyes of 53 patients were included in the study. Twenty-four eyes of 24 patients were in the Yamane group (YG) and 29 eyes of 29 patients were in the Carlevale group (CG). In the YG, the Holladay 1 and Hoffer Q formulae resulted in a hyperopic PE (0.02 ± 0.56 D, and 0.13 ± 0.64 D, respectively) while in the SRK/T formula the PE was slightly myopic (− 0.16 ± 0.56 D). In the CG, SRK/T and Holladay 1 formulae led to a myopic PE (− 0.1 ± 0.80 D and − 0.04 ± 0.74 D, respectively), Hoffer Q to a hyperopic PE (0.04 ± 0.75 D). There was no difference between the PE of the same formulae across both groups (P > 0.05).
In both groups the AE differed significantly from zero in each evaluated formula. The AE error was within ± 0.50 D in 45%–71% and was within ± 1.00 D in 72%–92% of eyes depending on the formula and surgical method used. No significant differences were found between formulae within and across groups (P > 0.05). Intraocular lens tilt was lower in the CG (6.45 ± 2.03°) compared to the YG (7.67 ± 3.70°) (P < 0.001). Lens decentration was higher in the YG (0.57 ± 0.37 mm) than in the CG (0.38 ± 0.21 mm), though the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.9996).

Conclusions
Refractive predictability was similar in both groups. IOL tilt was better in the CG, however this did not influence the refractive predictability. Though not significant, Holladay 1 formula seemed to be more probable than the SRK/T and Hoffer Q formulae. However, significant outliers were observed in all three different formulae and therefore remain a challenging task in secondary fixated IOLs.