bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
JAK1 inhibitor abrocitinib for the treatment of steroid-induced rosacea: case series
Authors: Xu Bingyang , Xu Zining , Ye Shuhong , Sun Hong , Zhao Bin , Wu Na , Wu Jiawen 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundSteroid-induced rosacea is a severe withdrawal reaction which can occur after the frequent and excessive topical use of steroids on the face. The Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducers and activators of transcription signaling pathway is involved in many biological processes and may play a role in the development of steroid-induced rosacea.ObjectiveTo observe the efficacy and safety of the JAK1 inhibitor abrocitinib in the treatment of steroid-induced rosacea.MethodsFour Chinese female patients were treated with orally-administered abrocitinib, a selective JAK1 inhibitor with a good safety profile, for steroid-induced rosacea.ResultsAbrocitinib treatment resulted in improved skin condition and lowered Dermatology Life Quality Index scores in each of the four patients. No discomfort was reported and no adverse effects were observed.ConclusionThe JAK1 inhibitor abrocitinib is a promising potential treatment for steroid-induced rosacea.
Prognostic significance of lactate dehydrogenase and its impact on the outcomes of gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Jinjin , Zou Xiaoyue 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundThe prognostic significance of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and its impact on the outcomes of gastric cancer (GC) is still unclear. We assessed the link between the levels of LDH and the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in GC patients.MethodsA comprehensive search (both electronic and manual) was carried out in PubMed via MEDLINE, Web of Science (WoS), Experta Medical Database (Embase), and CENTRAL (Cochrane Library) databases for citations that evaluated the strength of association between LDH cut-off levels and OS and/or DFS in GC. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model, and heterogeneity was assessed.ResultsEighteen studies with 5328 patients were included in our review. The overall pooled HR for OS was 1.48 (95% CI: 1.22-1.80) with high heterogeneity (I2 = 86%). Subgroup analyses showed that the link between LDH and OS was more prominent in Caucasian (HR 1.50 95% CI [0.80, 2.81], p=0.21) than in Asian cohorts (HR, 1.51 95% CI [1.21, 1.87], p=0.002). No significant overall association between LDH and OS (HR = 1.12, 95% CI: 0.76-1.65, p = 0.58) was found. Similar subgroup analyses results were reported for the association between LDH and DFS.ConclusionIn patients with GC, elevated LDH levels may correlate with worse OS and DFS, but the association is not significant. LDH is a significant predictor of OS but not of DFS. Further studies with larger sample sizes and more standardized criteria for defining elevated LDH levels are needed to confirm our findings.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, identifier CRD42023412449.
Effects of acupuncture on gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in patients with functional constipation: a randomized placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Yan Xiang-Yun , Yao Jun-Peng , Li Yan-Qiu , Xiao Xian-Jun , Yang Wan-Qing , Chen Si-Jue , Tang Tai-Chun , Yang Yu-Qing , Qu Liu , Hou Yu-Jun , Chen Min , Li Ying 
Published: September 2023

Objective: To comprehensively evaluate the effect of acupuncture on gut microbiota, identify specific microbes closely related to the clinical efficacy of acupuncture, and explored the role of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs).Methods: A randomized placebo-controlled trial was conducted with 80 FC patients and 28 healthy controls (HCs). FC patients randomly received 16 acupuncture (n = 40) or sham acupuncture (n = 40) sessions over 4 weeks; HCs received no treatment. The change in the proportion of patients with mean weekly complete spontaneous bowel movements (CSBMs) was considered as the primary outcome measure. Moreover, the composition and the predictive metabolic function of the gut microbiota from feceal samples were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, while feceal SCFAs were identified via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).Results: Compared to sham acupuncture, acupuncture significantly increased the proportion of CSBM responders, and improved spontaneous bowel movements (SBMs), straining, stool consistency, and quality of life. Moreover, Sequencing of 16S rRNA genes revealed that acupuncture improved β-diversity and restored the composition of gut microbiota. Specifically, the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as g_Lactobacillus increased while that of pathogenic bacteria such as g_Pseudomonas decreased after acupuncture, which were significantly correlated with alleviated symptoms. Moreover, ten microbes including g_Coprobacter, g_Lactobacillus, and g_Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group might be considered acupuncture-specific microbes, and formed a stable interaction network. Additionally, GC-MS analysis indicated that acupuncture increased the content of butyrate acid in the gut, which was positively correlated with an increase in defecation frequency and a decrease in acupuncture-related pathogens. Finally, acupuncture specific-microbes including g_Coprobacter, g_Lactobacillus, g_Pseudomonas, g_Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group, g_Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG.003, g_Prevotellaceae_UCG.001, and g_Rolstonia could accurately predict the clinical efficacy of acupuncture (AUC = 0.918).Conclusion: Acupuncture could effectively improve clinical symptoms in FC patients, and was associated with gut microbiota reshaping and increased butyrate acid levels. Moreover, key microbial genera such as g_Coprobacter and g_Lactobacillus was predictive of acupuncture efficacy in treating FC. Future studies are required to validate the causal relationship between key microbial genera and acupuncture clinical efficacy, and should explore further metabolic pathways for designing personalized treatment strategies.Clinical Trial Registration:http://www.chictr.org.cn, Identifier: ChiCTR2100048831.
Comparative effect of antihypertensive drugs in improving arterial stiffness in adults with hypertension (RIGIPREV study). A network meta-analysis
Authors: Cavero-Redondo Iván , Saz-Lara Alicia , Lugones-Sánchez Cristina , Pozuelo-Carrascosa Diana P. , Gómez-Sánchez Leticia , López-Gil José Francisco , García-Ortiz Luis , Bruno Rosa Maria , Gómez-Marcos Manuel Ángel 
Published: September 2023

Aims: To synthesize and evaluate the available scientific evidence on the efficacy of antihypertensive drugs on arterial stiffness in patients with hypertension by using a network meta-analysis approach.Methods: A systematic search of the MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, and Web of Science databases was conducted to identify experimental studies addressing the effect of different antihypertensive drugs on arterial stiffness parameters (pulse wave velocity [PWV] and augmentation index [AIx]) in adults with hypertension. Comparative evaluation of the effect of antihypertensive drugs was performed by conducting a standard pairwise meta-analysis and a network meta-analysis for direct and indirect comparisons between antihypertensive drugs and placebo/other antihypertensive drugs. Analyses were performed including studies of any duration and only studies longer than 6 months length.Results: Seventy-six studies were included in the main analysis and considering only studies longer than 6 months length, thiazide diuretics, ACEIs, ARBs, the ACEI/ARB combination, the ACEI/CCB combination, and the ARB/CCB combination showed a higher effect on reducing PWV, and ACEIs and ARBs on reducing AIx.Conclusion: Our research provides evidence that antihypertensive medications are an effective way to treat arterial stiffness in adults with hypertension. Based on our findings, patients with hypertension who have greater levels of arterial stiffness may benefit from using thiazide diuretics, ACEIs, ARBs, the ACEI/ARB combination, the ACEI/CCB combination, and the ARB/CCB combination.Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42021276360).
Volatile profiling as a potential biochemical marker for validation of gamma irradiation derived putative mutants in polyembryonic genotypes of mango (Mangifera indica L.)
Authors: Perveen Nusrat , Dinesh M. R. , Sankaran M. , Shivashankara K. S. , Ravishankar K. V. , Venugopal R. , Mir Hidayatullah 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionPutative mutants were generated through gamma irradiation in the polyembryonic mango genotype Nekkare. The putative mutant progenies along with control seedlings and mother plants were evaluated by comparing the compositions and relative proportions of their major volatile compounds.MethodsVolatile profiling was done using headspace-solid phase micro-extraction (HS SPME) method coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS MS). Furthermore, characterisation of putative mutants and control seedlings was carried out using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to ascertain the genetic diversity present in the samples under study.ResultsMonoterpenes were the most abundant volatile compound in all the studied samples (ranging from 34.76% to 91.41%) out of which I-Phellandrene and cis-Ocimene formed the major fraction in mother plants (20.45%–21.86% and 16.17%–21.27%, respectively) and control seedlings (23.32%–24.95% and 18.95%–20.81%, respectively), while beta-Phellandrene was dominant in the selected putative mutant samples (2.34%–29.53%). Among sesquiterpenes, trans-Caryophyllene was detected only in the putative mutant samples (0.10%–30.18%). Grouping together of mother plants and control seedlings was seen in the cluster analysis, while the putative mutants grouped apart from them suggesting genetic diversity. Genetic distance between the mother plants and control seedlings ranged from 0.97 to 2.73, while between putative mutants, control seedlings, and mother plants, it ranged from 6.54 to 9.82. SSR-based characterisation of putative mutant seedlings showed that mutation caused variability in the treated population. This was evident from the high allelic richness ranging from 4 to 12 with a mean of 7 and a higher mean Shannon’s Information Index (1.50) of the putative mutant population.DiscussionThe study demonstrates that volatile profiling and molecular characterisation using SSR markers could be used as a tool to detect variation in a mutated population. In addition, volatile profiling can be used to validate putative mutants in polyembryonic mango genotypes where the seedlings of nucellar origin are similar to mother plants.
Sleep quality and sleep routines as mediators of stressors and life satisfaction in Czech university students: a structural equation model
Authors: Prokeš Michaela 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionSleep is especially important to overall well-being. Some aspects of sleep have been well documented, for example sleep quantity and its effect on well-being, but the value of a consistent sleep routine remains poorly studied. University students are a population group especially susceptible to stress, mental health problems and poor sleep quality and experience changing daily schedules. Investigating the protective power of sleep in this population group is therefore an important avenue of research.MethodsApplying a structural equation model, the current study surveyed a large sample of Czech university students during the COVID-19 pandemic in late spring, 2021, and observed the mediation effects of sleep on this group.Results and DiscussionThe study found that working, maintaining social contact and attending lectures in person had a strong effect on satisfaction with life. Increased personal study time indirectly supported consistent sleep routines and mediated perceptions of life satisfaction. As expected, the results indicated the importance of high-quality sleep. The results also verified partial mediation, directly and indirectly, through sleep quality, highlighting the significance of a consistent sleep routine in students on their self-reported satisfaction with life.
Analysis of past and future urban growth on a regional scale using remote sensing and machine learning
Authors: Fontana Andressa Garcia , Nascimento Victor Fernandez , Ometto Jean Pierre , do Amaral Francisco Hélter Fernandes 
Published: September 2023

This research investigates Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) changes in the Porto Alegre Metropolitan Region (RMPA). A 30-year historical analysis using Landsat satellite imagery was made and used to develop LULC scenarios for the next 20 years using a Multilayer Perceptrons (MLP) model through an Artificial Neural Network (ANN). These maps analyze the urban area’s expansion over the years and project their potential development in the future. This research considered several critical factors influencing urban growth, including shaded relief, slope, distances from main roadways, railway stations, urban centers, and the state capital, Porto Alegre. These spatial variables were incorporated into the model’s learning processes to generate future urbanization scenarios. The LULC historical maps precision showed excellent performance with a Kappa index greater than 88% for the studied years. The results indicate that the urbanization class witnessed an increase of 236.78 km2 between 1990 and 2020. Additionally, it was observed that the primary concentration of urbanized areas since 1990 has predominantly occurred around Porto Alegre and Canoas. Lastly, the future forecasts for LULC changes in 2030 and 2040 indicate that the urban area of the RMPA is projected to reach 1,137.48 km2 and 1,283.62 km2, respectively. In conclusion, based on the observed urban perimeter in 2020, future projections indicate that urban areas are expected to increase by more than 443.29 km2 by 2040. The combination of remote sensing data and Geographic Information System (GIS) enables the monitoring and modeling the metropolitan area expansion. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers to develop more informed and conscientious urban plans, as well as enhance management techniques for urban development.
Utilization of Algae Extracts as Natural Antibacterial and Antioxidants for Controlling Foodborne Bacteria in Meat Products
Authors: Hamad Gamal M. , Samy Haneen , Mehany Taha , Korma Sameh A. , Eskander Michael , Tawfik Rasha G. , EL-Rokh Gamal E. A. , Mansour Alaa M. , Saleh Samaa M. , EL Sharkawy Amany , Abdelfttah Hesham E. A. , Khalifa Eman 
Published: September 2023

Padina pavonica, Hormophysa cuneiformis, and Corallina officinalis are three types of algae that are assumed to be used as antibacterial agents. Our study’s goal was to look into algal extracts’ potential to be used as food preservative agents and to evaluate their ability to inhibit pathogenic bacteria in several meat products (pastirma, beef burger, luncheon, minced meat, and kofta) from the local markets in Alexandria, Egypt. By testing their antibacterial activity, results demonstrated that Padina pavonica showed the highest antibacterial activity towards Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pyogenes, Salmonella spp., and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Padina pavonica extract also possesses most phenolic and flavonoid content overall. It has 24 mg gallic acid equivalent/g and 7.04 mg catechol equivalent/g, respectively. Moreover, the algae extracts were tested for their antioxidant activity, and the findings were measured using ascorbic acid as a benchmark. The IC50 of ascorbic acid was found to be 25.09 μg/mL, while Padina pavonica exhibited an IC50 value of 267.49 μg/mL, Corallina officinalis 305.01 μg/mL, and Hormophysa cuneiformis 325.23 μg/mL. In this study, Padina pavonica extract was utilized in three different concentrations (Treatment 1 g/100 g, Treatment 2 g/100 g, and Treatment 3 g/100 g) on beef burger as a model. The results showed that as the concentration of the extract increased, the bacterial inhibition increased over time. Bacillus cereus was found to be the most susceptible to the extract, while Streptococcus pyogenes was the least. In addition, Padina pavonica was confirmed to be a safe compound through cytotoxicity testing. After conducting a sensory evaluation test, it was confirmed that Padina pavonica in meat products proved to be a satisfactory product.
Pre-diagnostic prescription patterns in bladder and renal cancer: a longitudinal linked data study
Authors: Funston Garth , Moullet Marie , Mounce Luke , Lyratzopoulos Georgios , Walter Fiona M , Zhou Yin 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundUnderstanding pre-diagnostic prescribing activity could reveal windows during which more timely cancer investigation and detection may occur.AimTo examine prescription patterns for common urological clinical features prior to renal and bladder cancer diagnoses.Design and settingA retrospective cohort study was performed using electronic primary care and cancer registry data on patients with bladder and renal cancer, who received their diagnosis between April 2012 and December 2015 in England.MethodPrimary care prescriptions up to 2 years pre- diagnosis were analysed for five groups of clinical features (irritative urological symptoms, obstructive symptoms, urinary tract infections [UTIs], genital infections, and atrophic vaginitis). Poisson regressions estimating the inflection point from which the rate of prescriptions increased from baseline were used to identify the start of diagnostic windows during which cancer could be detected.ResultsA total of 48 094 prescriptions for 5322 patients were analysed. Inflection points for an increase in UTI prescriptions were identified 9 months pre- diagnosis for renal (95% confidence interval [CI] = 5.3 to 12.7) and bladder (95% CI = 7.4 to 10.6) cancers. For bladder cancer, the change in UTI antibiotic prescription rates occurred 4 months earlier in females (11 months pre- diagnosis, 95% CI = 9.7 to 12.3) than in males (7 months pre-diagnosis, 95% CI = 5.4 to 8.6). For other clinical features, no inflection points were identified and, as such, no diagnostic windows could be defined.ConclusionPrescription rates for UTIs increased 9 months before bladder and renal cancer diagnoses, indicating that there is potential to expedite diagnosis of these cancers in patients presenting with features of UTI. The greatest opportunity for more timely diagnosis may be in females with bladder cancer, who experienced the earliest increase in UTI prescription rate.
Analisis Model Pembelajaran Snowball Throwing pada Mata Pelajaran IPS Siswa Kelas I di SDN Ngujung 2
Authors: Marsini Marsini 
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to analyze how the snowball throwing learning model was applied to social studies subjects of grade IV students at SDN ngujung 2. The approach used is a qualitative approach with a descriptive type. The data collection technique uses observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The results showed that the application of the Snowball Throwing learning model was able to increase student learning activity in social science subjects. In social science subjects, students have a fairly good activeness in the process of teaching and learning activities. Students are involved physically and mentally in the learning process such as asking questions, asking opinions, doing assignments, and discussing. Increasing student learning activity is in accordance with student learning activity indicators, namely participating in carrying out learning tasks, being involved in solving a problem, asking friends or teachers for example there is material that is not understood, trying to find information as problem solving, carrying out group discussions, measuring the abilities and results that have been obtained, practicing in solving a problem, applying the learning results obtained in solving Problems Faced. The obstacles faced are such as the duration of learning time is lacking, classrooms that are less strategic, and interference from ignorant friends.
Penerapan Empty Chair Therapy pada Individu Dewasa dengan Diagnosa Episode Depresif Ringan
Authors: Erika Prima Yola  , Pranungsari Dessy 
Published: September 2023

Depression has a serious impact that includes emotional, motivational, behavioral, physical and cognitive domains. One of the vulnerability factors for depression is the presence of stressful life events. According to the Humanistic view, a person can experience depression when they cannot fill their existence with meaning. Gestalt counseling is a counseling method that is often used in the humanistic approach because it has the main goal of achieving awareness centered on "here" and "now". One of the intervention methods in gestalt counseling is the empty chair technique. In this technique two chairs are placed in the middle of the room and the client sits while playing the role of top dog and under dog alternately. The subject in this study was a 44-year-old woman who experienced mild depressive episode disorder. Data collection methods used are observation, interviews and psychological tests consisting of cognitive tests (WAIS), personality (Graphic), SSCT (Sack's Sentence Completion Test) and Back Depression Inventory (BDI). This research uses a quantitative approach with an experimental method using a single case pre test and post test design. Researchers used the empty chair technique to reduce depression in the subject. The intervention results show that the empty chair technique can be used as an intervention for patients with mild depressive episode disorder. This is evidenced by a positive change related to depressive symptoms in the subject. Meanwhile, based on the calculation of the BDI score, there was a decrease in the score from the original pre-test of 40 (severe depressive) down to 19 (Mild) in the post-test.
Why Burundi intervenes in the DRC: Self-interest to Pan-Africanist considerations?
Authors: Wielenga Cori , Hajayandi Patrick , Igba Samuel 
Published: September 2023

Questions have abounded as to what Burundi’s motives and interests have been in sending troops, and spearheading the intervention in the eastern DRC. With reference to the case of Burundi’s intervention within the East African Community’s (EAC) response to the growing conflict in the eastern DRC, this article considers a broad range of what Burundi’s motives and interests might be. This includes security and stability, both nationally and regionally, regional political dynamics and the position of Burundi within this, and trade and business opportunities.
This article discusses that in terms of intervention, while the realist perspective can help us to understand Burundi’s intervention in DRC to a large extent, an additional layer of complexity is the multifaceted relationships that African neighbouring states have with one another, and to the continent as a whole. Manifestations of this can be seen in the emphasis by the African Union and individual African states on ‘African Solutions to African Problems’, the principle of subsidiarity, and the Responsibility to Protect. These considerations not only place people at the centre of intervention as opposed to placing the state at the centre, but they also speak to issues of African agency, African resistance to external ‘interference’, Pan-Africanist interests and the decolonial concern of addressing the ongoing colonial legacy.