bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethnic differences in prevalence and behaviors of smoking and its association with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among the elderly in rural southwest China：a cross-sectional study
Authors: LI Guo-hui , LIU Lan , ZHAO Yi , WU Xia , GOLDEN Allison RABKIN , CAI Le 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
This study examines how prevalence and behaviors of smoking differ by ethnicity and the association of smoking with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among the elderly Han and ethnic minority (Bai, Ha Ni, and Dai) population in rural southwest China.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted including 5,642 adults aged ≥ 60 years in rural regions of Yunnan Province, China. Information about participants’ demographic characteristics as well as smoking habits was obtained using a standard questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements, including height and weight, and post-bronchodilator spirometry tests were recorded for each participant.
Results
In all four studied ethnicities, males had significantly higher prevalence of both current smokers (48.8% vs. 0.8%) and COPD (12.7% vs. 4.5%) than females (P༜0.01). Filtered cigarettes were the most popular form of tobacco used, comprising 76.6% of tobacco consumed among all four studied ethnicities. Bai ethnic minority participants had the highest prevalence of current smoking and COPD as well as the highest number of cigarettes smoked per day compared to the other three studied ethnicities (P < 0.01). Ha Ni ethnic minority participants had the lowest rate of smoking cessation (8.7%) and the highest rate of smoking in public places (66.8%) (P < 0.01). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that current smokers had a greater probability of suffering from COPD across all four studied ethnicities (P < 0.05), with the strongest association of current smoking with COPD observed in the Bai ethnic population (OR = 3.32, P < 0.01).
Conclusions
Prevalence and behaviors of smoking among the elderly in rural southwest China differ significantly by ethnicity. Future tobacco cessation interventions should be tailored to address ethnicity, and reducing prevalence of smoking may reduce prevalence of COPD.
Mid-term Outcome of Catheter Ablation of Idiopathic Non-Outflow Tract Ventricular Arrhythmias
Authors: Cheng Dian , Yu Jinbo , Chen Kanghui , Li Xiaorong , Zhang Fengxiang , Ju Weizhu , Chen Hongwu , Yang Gang , Li Mingfang , Gu Kai , Wang Xuecheng , Xie Xin , Wu Yizhang , Zhou Jian , Zhou Xiaoqian , Kojodjojo Pipin , Yang Bing , Chen Minglong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Catheter ablation is recommended in patients with frequent and symptomatic ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) in an otherwise normal heart. Right or left outflow tract (OT) are the most common origins, and catheter ablation is highly effective with low complication rates. However, outcome of catheter ablation of VAs other than the OT (non-OTVAs) is limited. The aim of this single-center study was to assess the safety and mid-term outcome of catheter ablation for non-OTVAs.
Method and Results: From 2013 to 2018, 251 patients who underwent catheter ablation for idiopathic non-OTVAs were enrolled and grouped according to the origins (HPS, n=108; PM/MB, n=47; TA, n=70; MA, n=26), 244 (97.2%) had acute elimination of VAs. The time of VAs recurrence of the single procedure was 1.69 (0.12,9.72) months, with 66% occurring within the first 3 months. The recurrence rate was significantly higher in the PM/MB group than in the TA (p=0.025) and MA groups (p=0.023). The single procedure success rate in all patients was 70.1%, in which 66.7%, 59.6%, 80%, and 76.9% were achieved in the HPS, PM/MB, TA, and MA groups, respectively (p=0.284). After multiple procedures, the total success rate was 76.5% at the follow-up of 4.38±2.42 years. The rate was significantly lower in the PM/MB group than in the TA group (p=0.035). In subgroup analysis, no significant difference was observed in the recurrence rate of single procedure in patients with different VA origins within the PM/MB (log-rank test, p=0.546).
Conclusion: Despite a certain percentage of recurrences observed in the mid-term follow-up, catheter ablation remained feasible and effective for idiopathic non-OTVAs.
Omphalocele-Exstrophy-Imperforate Anus-Spinal Defect Syndrome in a monozygotic twin pregnancy: a case report and literature review
Authors: Hu Qing , Liao Hua , Zeng Zhaomin , Liu Hongyan , Yu Haiyan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The Omphalocele, Exstrophy, Imperforate Anus, and Spinal Defects Complex (OEIS complex) is a rare condition. The prevalence of this condition ranged from 1 in 200,000 to 400,000 pregnancies and 1 in 82,000 to 200,000 live births. There have been cases of female monozygotic twins with this condition, but the perinatal outcome of the co-twin has not received sufficient attention.
Case presentation
We present a spontaneously conceived monochorionic monoamniotic twin pregnancy with OEIS in one twin. At 12 + 4 weeks’ gestation, ultrasound suggested MCMA twin pregnancy and twin B with abdominal cystic mass 2.8*2.5*2.5cm. At 15 + 3 weeks’ gestation, the abdominal cystic mass in Twin B was detected enlargement as 5.76*3.13*5.4cm. Subsequent prenatal examinations confirmed the presence of OEIS in Twin B. At 20 + 4 weeks, the abdominal cystic mass measured 7.0*4.7*6.2 cm, and the mass suddenly decreased to 3.3 *2.5*2.0 cm at 22 weeks ,which suggested membrane rupture of the cystic mass. At 33 + 6 weeks, the OEIS fetus underwent selective feticide by intrafetal laser therapy after multidisciplinary consultation, and then the caesarean section was performed. The OEIS fetus was weighed 1769g, with no external genitalia and anus, and presented with a bulging of 3 x 4 cm at the umbilical location. The healthy female baby weighing 2020g was delivered, with Apgar scores of 8 and 9 at the first and fifth minute, respectively. The baby was followed up and now at one year and 6 months old is in good health.
Conclusion(s)
OEIS syndrome appears to be more commonly observed in monozygotic twins. The difference in prevalence of OEIS syndrome between males and females is not significant. In discordant twin pregnancies where only one fetus has OEIS, the co-twin has a higher chance of survival with no malformations, and feticide should be considered in such cases. In concordant twin pregnancies where both fetuses are affected by OEIS, the prognosis is poor.
Polygenic Liability for Antipsychotic Dosage and Polypharmacy - A Real-World Registry and Biobank Study
Authors: Koch Elise , Kämpe Anders , Alver Maris , Sigurðarson Sindri , Einarsson Guðmundur , Partanen Juulia , Smith Robert , Jaholkowski Piotr , Taipale Heidi , Lähteenvuo Markku , Steen Nils Eiel , Smeland Olav , Djurovic Srdjan , Molden Espen , Sigurdsson Engilbert , Stefánsson Hreinn , Stefansson Kari , Palotie Aarno , Milani Lili , O'Connell Kevin , Andreassen Ole 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Genomic prediction of antipsychotic dose and polypharmacy has been difficult, mainly due to limited access to large cohorts with genetic and drug prescription data. In this proof of principle study, we investigated if genetic liability for schizophrenia is associated with high dose requirements of antipsychotics and antipsychotic polypharmacy, using real-world registry and biobank data from five independent Nordic cohorts of a total of N = 20,805 individuals with psychotic disorders (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and other psychosis). Within linear regression models, a polygenic risk score (PRS) for schizophrenia was studied in relation to standardized antipsychotic dose as well as antipsychotic polypharmacy, defined based on longitudinal prescription registry data as well as health records and self-reported data. Meta-analyses across the five cohorts showed that PRS for schizophrenia was significantly positively associated with prescribed (standardized) antipsychotic dose (OR = 1.05, CI = 1.03–1.09, p = 0.0008) and antipsychotic polypharmacy defined as taking ≥ 3 antipsychotics (OR = 1.30, CI = 1.00-1.74, p = 0.048). The direction of effect was similar in all five independent cohorts. These findings indicate that genotypes may aid clinically relevant decisions on individual patients´ antipsychotic treatment. Further, the findings illustrate how real-world data have the potential to generate results needed for future precision medicine approaches in psychiatry.
A prevention program for binge drinking among students based on mindfulness and implementation intention (ALCOMEDIIT): a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mange Jessica , Mauny Nicolas , Montcharmont Charlotte , Legrand Eve , Lemercier-Dugarin Maud , Mortier Arnaud , Duvivier Martin , Leveneur Johnny , Lacherez Cédric , Cabé Nicolas , Berre Anne-Pascale Le 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background. The emergence of new problematic alcohol consumption practices among young people requires new dynamics in prevention strategies. In this context, the ADUC project (Alcohol and Drugs at the University of Caen) aims to develop a better understanding of alcohol consumption, and in particular the practice of binge drinking (BD) in students, in order to develop relevant and adapted prevention tools. The ALCOMEDIIT study (IRESP funding; Agreement 20II31-00 - ADUC part 3) is a randomized controlled trial that focuses on the specific determinant of impulsivity. The main objective of this experiment is to validate a program for the prevention of BD practices based on motivational interviewing (MI) associated with implementation intention (II) and mindfulness meditation (MBM) in a student environment.
Methods. This study will include 170 healthy subjects who will be students at the university, alcohol users, with a BD score > 1 in the month preceding the inclusion but not presenting any specific disorder. The trial will be proposed by e-mail and students who meet the inclusion criteria will join either a control group which will benefit from a MI, or an experimental group which will additionally benefit from an initiation to MBM with II (initial visit T0). In order to measure the effectiveness of the prevention program in terms of BD decrease, a follow-up at 1 month (T1) as well as a follow-up at 6 months (T6; exploratory) will be proposed to all participants. The total duration of this research protocol is 18 months.
Discussion. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the interest of associating mindfulness meditation practices and implementation of self-regulation strategies to optimize their use, with a motivational interview in an innovative prevention program aiming at reducing alcohol use and BD practice in the student population.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05565989, September 30, 2022.
Protocol version 2.0 (September 2022)
N° ID-RCB : 2022-A00983-40
Risk for cardiovascular disease development in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Bedeković Dražen , Bošnjak Ivica , Bilić-Ćurčić Ines , Kirner Damir , Šarić Sandra , Novak Srđan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis have significant cardiovascular mortality and morbidity.
Objective
To investigate the effects of chronic inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis on cardiovascular morbidity association with cardiovascular risk factors risk factors. Mortality report is secondary just to show trends without sufficient statistical power as it is accidental endpoint.
Methods
A total of 201 individuals without previous cardiovascular disease, 124 with rheumatoid arthritis (investigation group) and 77 with osteoarthritis (control group), were included in the study and followed up for an average of 8 years to assess the development of fatal or non-fatal cardiovascular diseases. The incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors were also investigated.
Results
The total incidence of one or more fatal or nonfatal cardiovascular events was 43.9% in the investigation group and 37.5% in the control group. Of these patients, 31.7% and 30.9% survived cardiovascular events in the investigation and control groups, respectively. The most common cardiovascular disease among participants who completed the study and those who died during the study was chronic heart failure. The results of the subgroup analysis showed that strict inflammation control plays a central role in lowering cardiovascular risk..
Conclusion
A multidisciplinary approach to these patients is of paramount importance, especially with the cooperation of immunologists and cardiologists for early detection, prevention, and management of cardiovascular risks and diseases.
Exploring the perspectives of older adults who are pre-frail and frail to identify interventions to reduce sedentary behaviour and improve mobility: A thematic content analysis
Authors: Rodrigues Isabel B. , Ching Priscilla , Kobsar Dylan , Zheng Rong , Rabinovich Alexander , Adachi Jonathan D. , Leckie Carolyn , Bray Steven , Ioannidis George , Fang Qiyin , Papaioannou Alexandra 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Older adults who are frail are one of the most sedentary and the least physically active age group. Prolonged sedentary time is associated with increased risk of negative health outcomes. To help design effective and sustainable content and optimize the uptake of sedentary behaviour interventions, an in-depth understanding of older adults’ perceptions of sedentary behaviour is needed; however, most qualitative studies have been conducted in healthy older adults. The aim of this study was to explore perspectives of sedentary behaviour within the context of older adults who are pre-frail and frail after the winter and spring. We included participants if they: 1) spoke English or attended with a translator or caregiver, 2) were ≥ 60 years, and 3) were frail on the Morley Frail Scale. We utilized a qualitative description methodology including a semi-structured in-depth interview and thematic content analysis. Concepts from the COM-B (Capability Opportunity Motivation–Behaviour) model were used to guide the semi-structured interviews and analysis. To ensure credibility of the data, we used an audit trail and analyst triangulation. We recruited 21 older adults (72 ± 7.3 years, 13 females, 13 frail) from Southwestern Ontario, Canada. Two individuals were lost to follow-up due to medical mistrust and worse health. We transcribed 39 audio recordings. We identified three salient themes: 1) older adults rationalize their sedentary behaviours through cognitive dissonance, 2) urban cities in Southwestern Ontario may not be “age-friendly”, and 3) exercise is something people “have to do”, but hobbies are for enjoyment despite medical conditions. Perspectives of sedentary behaviour were different in the winter versus spring, with participants perceiving themselves to be less active in winter. Incorporating dissonance-based interventions may be an important component to disseminate educational material on the benefits and harms of certain types of sedentary behaviour. Future research should consider interdisciplinary collaborations with environmental gerontology to develop age-friendly communities that promote meaningful mobility to help older adults successfully age.
A retrospective study of the Japanese Version of Stanford Integrated Psychosocial Assessment Tool (SIPAT-J) and the Onset of Adjustment Disorder One-Year after Ventricular Assisting Device Implantation as Bridge to Transplantation
Authors: Tsutsui Junko , Kobayashi Sayaka , Yamanaka Motoharu , Endo Natsumi , Akaho Rie , Ichihara Yuki , Nishimura Katsuji , Oshibuchi Hidehiro 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background Patients with ventricular assist devices (VADs) as bridge to transplantation are exposed to psychosocial stress due to uncertainty of the availability of heart transplantation. Therefore, it is important to identify individuals who are psychosocially vulnerable and at risk of developing psychosocial distress such as adjustment disorder.
Main body The aim of this retrospective study using medical records was to investigate associations between scores on the Japanese version of Stanford Integrated Psychosocial Assessment for Transplantation (SIPAT-J) administered before ventricular assist device implantation and the onset of adjustment disorder one year after the implantation. Medical records of 24 patients who had undergone VADs implantation from 1 August 2014 to 31 December 2019 were reviewed starting from the day of psychiatric evaluation until one year after VADs implantation. Twelve patients were diagnosed as having delirium and/or insomnia and five developed adjustment disorder after amelioration of delirium and/or insomnia. Patients’ readiness level domain scores on the SIPAT-J indicated a trend to associate with development of adjustment disorder, though this finding was not statistically significant. The stressors of AD were identified as changes created by the ventricular assist device.
Conclusions: The findings of this preliminary study highlighted the importance of assessing patients’ readiness levels, such as knowledge and adherence to treatment, as well as their prediction on life changes created by ventricular assist devices, with the aim of preventing development of adjustment disorder after ventricular assist device implantation.
A sterile, injectable, and robust sericin hydrogel prepared by degraded sericin
Authors: Zhang Yeshun , Wang Susu , Li Yurong , Zhang Jingya , Li Xiang , Du Zhanyan , Liu Siyu , Song Yushuo , Li Yanyan , Xi Meilin , Kang Guoping , Zhang Guozheng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Sericin hydrogels have been widely studied and applied in tissue engineering, drug delivery and clinical medicine due to their unique properties. However, their poor mechanical strength, fragility behavior and inconvenient sterilization are the key hurdles for applications. To address these challenges, a sericin hydrogel with excellent physical and chemical properties and cytocompatibility was prepared through crosslinking genipin with degraded sericin extracted from fibroin deficient silkworm cocoons by the high temperature and pressure method. Our reported sericin hydrogels possess good elasticity, injectability, and robust behaviors. The sericin hydrogel formed by sericin solution at concentration 8% (w/v) can be smoothly through 16 G needle. The 12% sericin hydrogel was unbroken until its compression ratio reached 70%, and accompanied with the compression strength of 674 kPa. The maximum stretch of 12% sericin hydrogel was 740%, and the breaking strength was 375 kPa in the tensile test. The tensile modulus of the 12% hydrogel is 477 kPa. Besides that, the hydrogel system has excellent cell-adhesive capability, effectively promoting cell attachment, proliferation. The swelling and degradation behaviors of the hydrogels are pH responsiveness. Sericin hydrogel releases drugs in a sustained manner. Furthermore, this study overcomes the problem that sericin hydrogels are difficult to be sterilized (sterilization will inevitably lead to the destruction of their structures). In addition, it breaks the previous idea that sericin extracted at high temperature and pressure is difficult to be directly cross-linked into a stable hydrogel. This hydrogel system developed in this study is promising to be a new multifunctional platform for extending the application area of sericin.
​Experimental investigations on characteristics of water-air two-phase flows during water fillings in undulation pipelines
Authors: Tang Xuelin , Liu Zongku , Zhang Ling , Li Xiaoqin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Visual and pressurized pipeline systems with single- and multi-undulation layouts were used to study experimentally and analyze theoretically the transient characteristics of water-air two-phase flow during water fillings in undulation pipelines based on the combination action analyses of both the communicating pipe and the gravity of the water-air two-phase flows in the descending pipe. For the single undulation pipeline, the complex two-phase flow-pattern evolutions including full pipe flow and stratified flow for low, medium, high water-filling velocity cases, respectively, lead to a great difference in transient pressure, flow-pattern and the water-filling duration. Especially for low and medium water-filling velocity cases, the hydraulic theories related to hydraulic drop and hydraulic jump were employed to investigate the entrapped air pocket evolutions in the descending pipe, and the mechanism of negative pressure at the top of the undulation pipes occurrence was analyzed. For the same multi undulating pipeline, due to the different elevations of the three undulating points along flow direction, namely three different types of pipeline layout, high-medium-low case (high elevation undulating point, medium one, and low one), low-medium-high and high-low-medium ones, their water-filling durations are significantly different, i.e. approximately 80.02 s, 227.34 s and 617.78 s. Meanwhile, there are significant differences in flow patterns in water filling, namely larger entrapped air pockets in three descending pipes for high-medium-low case, entrapped air pockets in the first two descending pipes and open channel stratified flow in the last one for low-medium-high case, some bubbles in three descending pipes for the high-low-medium case.
GENESIS CGDYN: large-scale coarse-grained MD simulation with dynamic load balancing for heterogeneous biomolecular systems
Authors: Sugita Yuji , Jung Jaewoon , Tan Cheng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Residue-level coarse-grained (CG) molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is widely used to investigate slow biological processes that involve multiple proteins, nucleic acids, and their complexes. Biomolecules in a large simulation system are distributed non-uniformly, limiting computational efficiency with conventional methods. Here, we develop a hierarchical domain decomposition scheme with dynamic load balancing for heterogeneous biomolecular systems to keep computational efficiency even after drastic changes in particle distribution. The new schemes are applied to intrinsically disordered protein (IDP) droplet fusions. The droplet shape changes correlate with mixing IDP chains from two droplets. We also simulate formations of large IDP droplets, whose sizes are almost equivalent to those observed in microscopy. The methods have been implemented in CGDYN of the GENESIS software, which provides a new tool for investigating mesoscopic biological phenomena using the residue-level CG models.
Coal Geochemistry and Potential Environmental Pollution: A Case Study of the Guaíba Coalfield in the Southern Paraná Basin, Brazil
Authors: Job Juliana Martellet , Menegat Rualdo , Vignol-Lelarge Maria Lídia , Dani Norberto 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Geochemical studies of coal mining projects in Environmental Impact Studies (EIS) are often limited to economic characterization of the mineral resource, resulting in a gap in the understanding and assessment of the potential environmental impact caused by coal exploration. A set of analytical techniques were carried out with the general objective of measuring the potential impact of the possible exploitation of coal from the Guaíba Coalfield located in the southernmost region of Brazil. The results indicate coal deposition in a lacustrine environment with a significant continental contribution from a fan delta and a little marine influence. Most of the analyzed chemical elements present higher contents in the samples than the world average. When associated with organic matter and clay minerals, these elements become more readily available to the environment than sulfides. Among the analyzed elements, arsenic (As), zinc (Zn), and fluoride (F) are the most critical due to their enrichment levels (> 10 times for As and Zn) and potential impact on human health.