bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of radon concentration measurements in water using the radon degassing method
Authors: Matsumoto Maho , Yasuoka Yumi , Takakaze Yui , Hosoda Masahiro , Tokonami Shinji , Iwaoka Kazuki , Mukai Takahiro 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study was the first to determine the effectiveness of radon concentration measurement in water using the degassing method as a screening method based on the liquid scintillation counter method. The degassing method used two radon monitors (AlphaGUARD and RAD7) and two monitor-attached degassing devices (AquaKIT and RAD H2O). These were effective screening methods based on the WHO guideline value of 100 Bq L−1. The screening values confirmed that a combination of the AlphaGUARD and AquaKIT was preferred. The results are useful for radon measurement for exposure control in drinking water and environmental in-situ field measurement.
Case analysis on the characteristics of the landcreep area: focusing on Seo-myeon in Suncheon, South Korea
Authors: Park Jae-Hyeon , Kim Hyun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study was conducted to prevent landcreep damages by examining various features such as geology, topography, and physical characteristics. The first landcreep occurred in Seo-myeon in Suncheon, South Korea, in 2000. The second occurred in 2020, the damaged surface area of the second event was approximately 21.7 times that of the first, and it was discovered that landcreep in Sunchoen was contributed to forest road construction. The study area was a typical landcreep area caused by weathered rocks, and this area belonged to a type of convex terrain ground form. As a result of analyzing the landslide hazard grade, the landcreep is found to be different from general landslides because it includes most areas of landslide hazard grade 3–5 and out of the grade. Results show that the landcreep has proceeded in the directions of S15°E, S20°E, S25°E, and S30°E, which is consistent with the direction following the flow direction of groundwater determined using the electrical resistivity survey method.
Diode performance of silica nanoparticles extracted from Pleurosira laevis diatom frustules
Authors: Ashery Adel , El-Fatah Hesham M. Abd , Ali Dina M. , El-Din Rawheya A. Salah , El-Sayed Afaf 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this work, we measured the I-V characteristics of silica nanoparticles (SNPs) extracted from the Pleurosira laevis diatom and deposited on top of a p-type Si(111) wafer. The electric response of the SNPs-based diode is found to be more sensitive to thermal and optical power than the fresh frustules-based diode by about 3 and 5 times, respectively. Moreover, the chemically processed SNPs exhibit better diode parameters, i.e. for them the ideality factor is closer to 1, the series resistance is 3 times lower, and the shunt resistance is 4 times higher than those of the fresh frustules silica. It is stimulating to use the extracted SNPs in innovative electronic and optoelectronic applications as an abundant, cheap, and easy-to-process material.
Phase sensitivity by fast light propagation using compton scattering and Kerr non-linearity
Authors: Akbar Jehan , Bin Xu , Hou Lianping , Marsh John H. , Liu Xuefeng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe theoretically investigated the sub-luminal and super-luminal light propagation by introducing compton scattering and Kerr non-linear effects to a four level atomic system. Slow light propagation is observed at a group index of 3918 in the transparency region. The slow light propagation is tuned to fast light propagation at group index 0.2, using compton scattering angle of $$\varphi =\pi /6$$

φ
=
π
/
6

. The surperluminality is further enhanced with compton scattering angle at the resonance frequency. Under the Kerr nonlinearity, the slow light propagation at a group index of 3918 is enhanced to fast light propagation at group index of $$2\times 10^6$$

2
×

10
6

at the resonance frequency. The group index is reduced to $$6.56281\times 10^{-5}$$

6.56281
×

10

-
5

in the presence of both Kerr non-linearity and compton scattering. In the presence of compton scattering, the Phase shift at $$\pi /2$$

π
/
2

without Kerr nonlinearity is $$7\times 10^{-8}$$

7
×

10

-
8

radian and with Kerr nonlinearity its value is $$1.7\times 10^{-9}$$

1.7
×

10

-
9

radian at resonance frequency. This demonstrate that introducing Kerr effect and compton scattering lead to significant modifications in the phase shift.
Calculation of the steady states in dynamic semiconductor laser models
Authors: Radziunas Mindaugas 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe discuss numerical challenges in calculating stable and unstable steady states of widely used dynamic semiconductor laser models. Knowledge of these states is valuable when analyzing laser dynamics and different properties of the lasing states. The example simulations and analysis mainly rely on 1(time)+1(space)-dimensional traveling-wave models, where the steady state defining conditions are formulated as a system of nonlinear algebraic equations. The performed steady state calculations reveal limitations of the Lang-Kobayashi model, explain nontrivial bias threshold relations in lasers with several electrical contacts, or predict and explain transient dynamics when simulating such lasers.
Active and passive chlorophyll fluorescence measurements at canopy level on potato crops. Evidence of similitude of diurnal cycles of apparent fluorescence yields
Authors: Loayza Hildo , Moya Ismael , Quiroz Roberto , Ounis A. , Goulas Yves 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe performed active and passive measurements of diurnal cycles of chlorophyll fluorescence on potato crops at canopy level in outdoors conditions for 26 days. Active measurements of the stationary fluorescence yield (Fs) were performed using Ledflex, a fluorescence micro-LIDAR described in Moya et al. (Photosynth Res 142:1–15, 2019), capable of remote measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence under full sun-light in the wavelength range from 650 to 800 nm. Passive measurements of solar-induced fluorescence (SIF) fluxes were performed with Spectroflex, an instrument based on the method of filling-in in the O2A and O2B absorption bands at 760 nm (F760) and 687 nm (F687), respectively.Diurnal cycles of Fs showed significant variations throughout the day, directly attributed to changes in photosystem II yield. Contrasting patterns were observed according to illumination conditions. Under cloudy sky, Fs varied in parallel with photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). By contrast, during clear sky days, the diurnal cycle of Fs showed a “M” shape pattern with a minimum around noon.F687 and F760 showed different patterns, according to illumination conditions. Under low irradiance associated with cloudy conditions, F687 and F760 followed similar diurnal patterns, in parallel with PAR. Under high irradiance associated with clear sky we observed an increase of the F760/F687 ratio, which we attributed to the contributions in the 760 nm emission of photosystem I fluorescence from deeper layers of the leaves, on one end, and by the decrease of 687 nm emission as a result of red fluorescence re-absorption, on the other end.We defined an approach to derive a proxy of fluorescence yield (FYSIF) from SIF measurements as a linear combination of F687 and F760 normalized by vegetation radiance, where the coefficients of the linear combination were derived from the spectral transmittance of Ledflex. We demonstrated a close relationship between diurnal cycles of FYSIF and Fs, which outperformed other approaches based on normalization by incident light.
“It Gives Me, as her Caregiver, a Sense of Security.” Young People with Intellectual Disability and Their Experiences with Sexuality, Menstruation, Gynecological Treatment and Contraception: A Follow-up Analysis of Parents’ and Caregivers’ Perspectives
Authors: Retznik Laura , Wienholz Sabine , Höltermann Annelen , Conrad Ines , Riedel-Heller Steffi G. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundResearch shows that caregivers support but also impede people with intellectual disabilities from developing intimate relationships. People with intellectual disability experience coital sex later and less often compared to adolescents without disabilities. Caregivers often request hormonal contraception from gynecologists on their behalf. Their main motives are pregnancy avoidance (either as a result of consensual sex or sexual abuse) and menstrual suppression.MethodThe sample included 42 primary caregivers of young people with intellectual disability aged 14 to 25. Interviews were evaluated with qualitative content analysis.ResultsNine of the main caregivers assumed that sexual intercourse had taken place. Half of the carers evaluated the importance of sexuality for the young people with intellectual disability as high. The main reason for seeing a gynecologist was the prescription of hormonal contraceptives; the outcome of which was arbitrary and dependent on the individual gynecologist. The majority of young women took general hormonal contraceptives as a preventive measure or due to heavy bleeding, regardless of sexual activity. One-fifth took hormone depots as a form of long-term contraception.DiscussionA trusting relationship with the gynecologist favored the compliance and well-being of the young women. The administration of hormonal contraceptives seems to be controlled by third parties. Caregivers used hormonal contraceptives to simplify the regulation of menstruation and felt relieved by it. Carers view the sexual activities of the young women more critically because they fear a pregnancy and the responsibility for a potential grandchild. The use of hormonal contraceptives made carers clearly more tolerant of sexual activity.
Comprehensive collection of COVID-19 related prosthetic valve failure: a systematic review
Authors: Trieu Theresa K. , Birkeland Kade , Kimchi Asher , Kedan Ilan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSince the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic, correlation of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and COVID-19 infection has been well established. Increased inflammatory response in the setting of COVID-19 infection is associated with VTE and hypercoagulability. Venous and arterial thrombotic events in COVID-19 infection have been well documented; however, few cases have been reported involving cardiac valve prostheses. In this review, we present a total of eight cases involving COVID-19-related prosthetic valve thrombosis (PVT), as identified in a systematic review. These eight cases describe valve position (mitral versus aortic) and prosthesis type (bioprosthetic versus mechanical), and all cases demonstrate incidents of PVT associated with simultaneous or recent COVID-19 infection. None of these eight cases display obvious non-adherence to anticoagulation; five of the cases occurred greater than three years after the most recent valve replacement. Our review offers insights into PVT in COVID-19 infected patients including an indication for increased monitoring in the peri-infectious period. We explore valve thrombosis as a mechanism for prosthetic valve failure. We describe potential differences in antithrombotic strategies that may offer added antithrombotic protection during COVID-19 infection. With the growing population of valve replacement patients and recurring COVID-19 infection surges, it is imperative to explore relationships between COVID-19 and PVT.
Liver alterations and detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and proteins in COVID-19 autopsies
Authors: Pesti Adrián , Danics Krisztina , Glasz Tibor , Várkonyi Tibor , Barbai Tamás , Reszegi Andrea , Kovalszky Ilona , Vályi-Nagy István , Dobi Deján , Lotz Gábor , Schaff Zsuzsa , Kiss András 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The most severe alterations in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are seen in the lung. However, other organs also are affected. Here, we report histopathologic findings in the liver and detection of viral proteins and RNA in COVID-19 autopsies performed at the Semmelweis University (Budapest, Hungary). Between March 2020 through March 2022, 150 autopsies on patients who died of COVID-19 were analyzed. Cause-of-death categories were formed based on the association with SARS-CoV-2 as strong, contributive, or weak. Samples for histopathologic study were obtained from all organs, fixed in formalin, and embedded in paraffin (FFPE). Immunohistochemical study (IHC) to detect SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and nucleocapsid protein (NP), CD31, claudin-5, factor VIII, macrosialin (CD68), and cytokeratin 7, with reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and in situ hybridization (ISH, RNAscope®) for SARS-CoV-2 RNA were conducted using FFPE samples of livers taken from 20 autopsies performed ≤ 2 days postmortem. All glass slides were scanned; the digital images were evaluated by semiquantitative scoring and scores were analyzed statistically. Steatosis, single-cell and focal/zonal hepatocyte necrosis, portal fibrosis, and chronic inflammation were found in varying percentages. Sinusoidal ectasia, endothelial cell disruption, and fibrin-filled sinusoids were seen in all cases; these were assessed semiquantitatively for severity (SEF scored). SEF scores did not correlate with cause-of-death categories (p = 0.92) or with severity of lung alterations (p = 0.96). SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in 13/20 cases by PCR and in 9/20 by ISH, with IHC demonstration of spike protein in 4/20 cases and NP in 15/20. Viral RNA and proteins were located in endothelial and Kupffer cells, and in portal macrophages, but not in hepatocytes and cholangiocytes. In conclusion, endothelial damage (SEF scores) was the most common alteration in the liver and was a characteristic, but not specific alteration in COVID-19, suggesting an important role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19-associated liver disease. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and viral proteins in liver non-parenchymal cells suggests that while the most extended primary viral cytotoxic effect occurs in the lung, viral components are present in other organs too, as in the liver. The necrosis/apoptosis and endothelial damage associated with viral infection in COVID-19 suggest that those patients who survive more severe COVID-19 may face prolonged liver repair and accordingly should be followed regularly in the post-COVID period.
Recent advances in electrooxidative radical transformations of alkynes
Authors: Zhang Yan , Cai Zhenzhi , Warratz Svenja , Ma Chanchan , Ackermann Lutz 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDuring the past few years, electrochemical oxidative reactions through radical intermediates have emerged as an environmentally-benign, powerful platform for the facile formation of C–E (E = C, N, S, Se, O and Hal) bonds through single-electron-transfer (SET) processes at the electrodes. Functionalized unsaturated molecules and unusual structural motifs can, for instance, be directly constructed under exceedingly mild reaction conditions through initial radical attack onto alkynes. This minireview highlights the recent advances in electrooxidation in radical reactions until June 2022, with a particular focus on radical additions onto alkynes.
Industry-specific specialization in venture capitalists’ internationalization decisions
Authors: Nörthemann Antonia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study considers the impact of venture capitalists’ industry specialization on cross-border investment decisions. The article argues that specialized venture capitalists’ liability of foreignness is lower in specific international markets as assessments of the market and the behaviour of market participants are facilitated through industry-specific learning effects. Specialization leads to lower risk in cross-border investments from a venture capitalist’s point of view. With increasing deal-specificity, the support and value enhancement of a foreign portfolio company are ensured in international markets due to the investor’s specialization. A multilevel investigation of 46,525 worldwide venture capital deals from 2001 to 2019 in 69 countries shows a positive relationship between venture capitalists’ industry specialization and internationality. The results show that the likelihood of a cross-border deal increases with higher levels of industry specialization. Furthermore, this effect is moderated by determinants at the institutional and portfolio company levels, reflecting the degree of information asymmetry between the venture capital firm and the portfolio company.
Understanding the governance of sustainability pathways: hydraulic megaprojects, social–ecological traps, and power in networks of action situations
Authors: Méndez Pablo F. , Clement Floriane , Palau-Salvador Guillermo , Diaz-Delgado Ricardo , Villamayor-Tomas Sergio 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo enable sustainability pathways, we need to understand how social–ecological systems (SES) respond to different governance configurations, considering their historical, institutional, political, and power conditions. We advance a robust methodological approach for the integrated analysis of those conditions in SES traps. Our advancement consists of a novel combination of the networks of action situations approach with an agency-based polycentric power typology and the concept of discursive power. We test the approach by building on previous research on the Doñana estuary–delta SES (Guadalquivir estuary), which is characterized by a rigidity trap in the context of ecosystem and water governance. Specifically, we focus on a recent hydraulic megaproject involving deep dredging in the Guadalquivir estuary, finally canceled due to its broad negative socioeconomic and environmental repercussions. According to our analysis, certain governance, institutional, and informational mechanisms currently prevent further SES degradation in Doñana. However, key governance actors are caught in a lasting coordination failure prone to mutual defection strategies owing to power dynamics and discursive-institutional inertia. Although seemingly stable due to counteractive mechanisms among actors, this situation is at continuous risk of being unbalanced by powerful actors promoting large SES interventions such as deep dredging. Such interventions bear the systemic risk of strong suppression of SES functions, and a regime shift to a lock-in trap. This overall undesirable situation might be escaped through transformative policy designs that take into account meso-level mechanisms, such as discursive power and its role in non-decision-making, pragmatic inaction, and inefficient investment and infrastructure.
Effectiveness of Kinesio taping and conventional physical therapy in the management of knee osteoarthritis: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Mohamed Shahul Hameed Pakkir , Alatawi Salem F. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common kind of arthritis that occurs due to degeneration of the joint articular cartilage, producing pain, stiffness, and impaired movement. The objective of the study was to evaluate the short-term effectiveness of Kinesio taping (KT) plus conventional physical therapy (CPT) and CPT alone in subjects with knee OA.

Materials and methods
Forty male subjects were divided into two groups at random using a parallel assignment, double-blinded study design, viz., KT with CPT (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and exercise therapy), and CPT alone for the period of 6 weeks of treatment. At baseline, third, and sixth weeks, the following outcome measures were taken, such as pain intensity (NPRS), knee range of motion (goniometry), Western Ontario and McMaster Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and the Time Up and Go (TUG) test.

Statistical analysis
To reveal the patient’s demographic profile concerning the outcome parameters, a descriptive statistic was applied. Furthermore, two-way mixed ANOVA and Tukey HSD post hoc tests were used to analyze within and between-group comparisons in SPSS 20.0.

Results
In both groups, pain and knee flexion were significantly improved during the 6-week period of interventions (p < 0.05). WOMAC and TUG test scores improved only in the KT plus CPT group.

Conclusion
KT combined with CPT was found to be more effective than CPT alone in the third and sixth weeks of the treatment. In knee OA, this combination of treatments was found to reduce pain, enhance range of motion, and improve physical functioning.
Organizational citizenship behavior: understanding interaction effects of psychological ownership and agency systems
Authors: Wilhelm Ben , Simarasl Nastaran , Riar Frederik J. , Kellermanns Franz W. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOrganizational citizenship behavior is a highly sought-after outcome. We integrate insight from the psychological ownership perspective and agency theory to examine how the juxtaposition of informal psychological mechanisms (i.e., ownership feelings toward an organization) and formal and informal governance mechanisms (i.e., employee share ownership, agency monitoring, and peer monitoring) influences employees' organizational citizenship behaviors. Our empirical results show that psychological ownership has a positive effect on organizational citizenship behavior. Contrary to the common belief that informal and formal mechanisms complement each other, we find that the positive influence of psychological ownership on organizational citizenship behavior is more pronounced when employee share ownership and agency monitoring is low compared to high. Implications for theory and future research are discussed.
Muscarinic Receptors in Developmental Axonal Competition at the Neuromuscular Junction
Authors: Tomàs Josep , Lanuza Maria A. , Santafé Manel M. , Cilleros-Mañé Víctor , Just-Borràs Laia , Balanyà-Segura Marta , Polishchuk Aleksandra , Nadal Laura , Tomàs Marta , Garcia Neus 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn recent years, we have studied by immunohistochemistry, intracellular recording, and western blotting the role of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs; M1, M2, and M4 subtypes) in the mammalian neuromuscular junction (NMJ) during development and in the adult. Here, we evaluate our published data to emphasize the mAChRs’ relevance in developmental synaptic elimination and their crosstalk with other metabotropic receptors, downstream kinases, and voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs). The presence of mAChRs in the presynaptic membrane of motor nerve terminals allows an autocrine mechanism in which the secreted acetylcholine influences the cell itself in feedback. mAChR subtypes are coupled to different downstream pathways, so their feedback can move in a broad range between positive and negative. Moreover, mAChRs allow direct activity-dependent interaction through ACh release between the multiple competing axons during development. Additional regulation from pre- and postsynaptic sites (including neurotrophic retrograde control), the agonistic and antagonistic contributions of adenosine receptors (AR; A1 and A2A), and the tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor (TrkB) cooperate with mAChRs in the axonal competitive interactions which lead to supernumerary synapse elimination that achieves the optimized monoinnervation of musculoskeletal cells. The metabotropic receptor-driven balance between downstream PKA and PKC activities, coupled to developmentally regulated VGCC, explains much of how nerve terminals with different activities finally progress to their withdrawal or strengthening.