bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antitumor activity of a whey peptide‐based enteral diet in C26 colon tumor‐bearing mice
Authors: Liu Enuo , Yang Mingjun , Li Qilin , Cheng Qianqian , Wang Yuzhu , Ye Luyi , Tian Fang , Ding Hao , Ling Yiqun , Xia Minjie , Ji Zai‐Si , Li Weihua 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe antitumor effects of a whey peptide‐based enteral diet, whose main components are whey peptides and yogurt fermented by Lactobacillus delbureckii subsp. bulgaricus 2038 and Streptococcus thermophilus 1131, were investigated in mice. Our results indicated that the tumor weight in C26 carcinoma‐transplanted mice was significantly smaller at day 16 post‐implantation in the whey peptide‐based enteral diet group (1.36 ± 0.54 g) than in the control group (1.83 ± 0.89 g) (p < 0.05). The whey peptide‐based enteral diet group exhibited higher tumor cell apoptosis, lower cell proliferation, and inactive angiogenesis indicating by higher degree of TUNEL, lower positive rates of Ki‐67, VEGF, and CD34 than control group. It also attenuated inflammatory cell infiltration of spleen and liver as indicated by the decreased spleen index (10.89 ± 2.06 vs. 12.85 ± 2.92, p < 0.05) and increased liver index (58.09 ± 11.37 vs. 53.19 ± 6.67, p < 0.05) in the whey peptide‐based enteral diet group than the control diet group. These results proved the inhibitory effect of the whey peptide‐based enteral diet on tumor growth, which might be attributed to the whey peptides component.Practical ApplicationA whey peptide‐based enteral diet (MEIN®), containing cheese whey and multiple nutrients, was selected to verify the anti‐tumor effect by animal experiments. The tumor weight growth, tumor cell proliferation, inflammatory cell infiltration of spleen and liver in tumor model mice was significantly attenuated by the whey peptide‐based enteral diet, that might be attributed to its whey peptides component. These results provided an additive direction for cancer therapy and need a further study including clinical trials.
Exploratory analysis to predict pneumonitis during durvalumab consolidation therapy for patients with locally advanced non‐small cell lung cancer from proteomic profiling of circulating extracellular vesicles
Authors: Torasawa Masahiro , Horinouchi Hidehito , Yagishita Shigehiro , Utsumi Hirofumi , Okuda Keitaro , Takekoshi Daisuke , Ito Saburo , Wakui Hiroshi , Murata Saori , Kaku Sawako , Okuma Kae , Matsumoto Yuji , Shinno Yuki , Okuma Yusuke , Yoshida Tatsuya , Goto Yasushi , Yamamoto Noboru , Araya Jun , Ohe Yuichiro , Fujita Yu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundRisk factors for predicting pneumonitis during durvalumab consolidation after chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in locally advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (LA‐NSCLC) are still lacking. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role in intercellular communication and are potential diagnostic tools for various diseases.MethodsWe retrospectively collected predurvalumab treatment serum samples from patients treated with durvalumab for LA‐NSCLC, isolated EVs using anti‐CD9 and anti‐CD63 antibodies, and performed proteomic analyses. We examined EV proteins that could predict the development of symptomatic pneumonitis (SP) during durvalumab treatment. Potential EV‐protein biomarkers were validated in an independent cohort.ResultsIn the discovery cohort, 73 patients were included, 49 with asymptomatic pneumonitis (AP) and 24 with SP. Of the 5797 proteins detected in circulating EVs, 33 were significantly elevated (fold change [FC] > 1.5, p < 0.05) in the SP group, indicating enrichment of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) pathway. Patients with high levels of EV‐RELA, an NF‐κB subunit, had a higher incidence of SP than those with low levels of EV‐RELA (53.8% vs. 13.4%, p = 0.0017). In the receiver operating characteristic analysis, EV‐RELA demonstrated a higher area under the curve (AUC) than lung V20 (0.76 vs. 0.62) and was identified as an independent risk factor in the multivariate logistic regression analysis (p = 0.008, odds ratio 7.72). Moreover, high EV‐RELA was also a predictor of SP in the validation cohort comprising 43 patients (AUC of 0.80).ConclusionsCirculating EV‐RELA may be a predictive marker for symptomatic pneumonitis in patients with LA‐NSCLC treated with durvalumab.
Parents' understanding and experiences of blood component transfusion in the neonatal intensive care unit: A qualitative study
Authors: Moore Carmel Maria , O'Sullivan Sara , Curley Anna E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimBlood component transfusion is a common intervention in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Parents consent on their babies' behalf. This study aimed to explore parents' understandings and experiences of consenting and the subsequent blood transfusion.MethodsA “low inference” qualitative descriptive semi‐structured interview approach was utilised. Grounded theory was employed. Parents described their memories of babies' transfusions, their responses to the consent process and assessed the written information they were given.ResultsA purposive sample of 17 parents whose babies required blood transfusion in the NICU participated. Parents talked about their initial fears of transfusion, later replaced by confidence in the process and results of transfusion and trust in the healthcare professional team. The main themes elicited by the interviews were parents' expectations and outcomes of transfusion, parents' prior and current opinions of transfusion, parents trust in healthcare professionals and how parents would like to receive information about transfusions in the NICU.ConclusionParents in our study trust information from the healthcare professionals caring for their baby and would like more specific information about how blood transfusion will impact their baby, in a variety of means. Parents felt that blood transfusions were beneficial for their babies.
CFO pay convexity, risk taking and corporate hedging
Authors: Barbi Massimiliano , Febo Valentina , Massimiliani Irene 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe study how a CFO's risk‐taking incentives affect corporate hedging by utilising hand‐collected data from 2009 to 2019 on corporate hedging and managerial compensation for a sample of US oil and gas firms. The relative convexity of CFO equity compensation negatively affects the likelihood and extent of hedging. When the CFO and CEO have diverging risk‐taking incentives, the relative convexity of the CFO's equity payoff prevails over that of the CEO. This evidence underscores the primary role of the CFO in steering a firm's hedging strategy.
A review of prevention and management of castration complications
Authors: Baldwin Christopher M. 
Published: August 2023

SummaryDespite castration being one of the most frequently performed elective equine surgical procedures, complication rates are high and range from severe life‐threatening conditions to mild complications that are of no consequence to the horse. This article will briefly review strategies to prevent complications and surgical castration techniques before reviewing, in‐depth, the following complications: excessive scrotal swelling and seroma formation, scrotal infection, septic funiculitis, septic peritonitis, haemorrhage, evisceration, omental prolapse, pyrexia, tetanus, penile trauma, hydrocele, signs of colic and continued stallion‐like behaviour. Whilst this list of complications can be daunting, an understanding of male anatomy, castration techniques and an awareness of possible complications can reduce both the incidence and mortality of complications, should they occur. This article will consider castrations performed in both a hospital and field setting and will review complication prevention, surgical techniques of castration and the management of intraoperative and postoperative complications.
Vulvar‐vaginal‐gingival‐otic syndrome
Authors: Shao Yakun , Sun Kailv , Yang Min , Chang Jianmin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn order to retrospectively analyse the multi‐site involvement pattern of erosive lichen planus patients, we retrospectively reported the clinical and medical data of three patients with erosive lichen planus which involving their vulva, vagina, gingiva, and ear canal. We confirmed the existence of otic lichen planus, and found that it is more common in patients with vulvovaginal‐gingival syndrome of erosive lichen planus. Therefore, we propose ‘vulvovaginal‐gingival‐otic syndrome’ to further describe this rare compound pattern of lichen planus.
White and green rust chimneys accumulate RNA in a ferruginous chemical garden
Authors: Helmbrecht Vanessa , Weingart Maximilian , Klein Frieder , Braun Dieter , Orsi William D. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMechanisms of nucleic acid accumulation were likely critical to life's emergence in the ferruginous oceans of the early Earth. How exactly prebiotic geological settings accumulated nucleic acids from dilute aqueous solutions, is poorly understood. As a possible solution to this concentration problem, we simulated the conditions of prebiotic low‐temperature alkaline hydrothermal vents in co‐precipitation experiments to investigate the potential of ferruginous chemical gardens to accumulate nucleic acids via sorption. The injection of an alkaline solution into an artificial ferruginous solution under anoxic conditions (O2 < 0.01% of present atmospheric levels) and at ambient temperatures, caused the precipitation of amakinite (“white rust”), which quickly converted to chloride‐containing fougerite (“green rust”). RNA was only extractable from the ferruginous solution in the presence of a phosphate buffer, suggesting RNA in solution was bound to Fe2+ ions. During chimney formation, this iron‐bound RNA rapidly accumulated in the white and green rust chimney structure from the surrounding ferruginous solution at the fastest rates in the initial white rust phase and correspondingly slower rates in the following green rust phase. This represents a new mechanism for nucleic acid accumulation in the ferruginous oceans of the early Earth, in addition to wet‐dry cycles and may have helped to concentrate RNA in a dilute prebiotic ocean.
The spread of satellite DNAs in euchromatin and insights into the multiple sex chromosome evolution in Hemiptera revealed by repeatome analysis of the bug Oxycarenus hyalinipennis
Authors: Cabral‐de‐Mello Diogo C. , Mora Pablo , Rico‐Porras José M. , Ferretti Ana B. S. M. , Palomeque Teresa , Lorite Pedro 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSatellite DNAs (satDNAs) are highly repeated tandem sequences primarily located in heterochromatin, although their occurrence in euchromatin has been reported. Here, our aim was to advance the understanding of satDNA and multiple sex chromosome evolution in heteropterans. We combined cytogenetic and genomic approaches to study, for the first time, the satDNA composition of the genome in an Oxycarenidae bug, Oxycarenus hyalinipennis. The species exhibits a male karyotype of 2n = 19 (14A + 2 m + X1X2Y), with a highly differentiated Y chromosome, as demonstrated by C‐banding and comparative genomic hybridization, revealing an enrichment of repeats from the male genome. Additionally, comparative analysis between males and females revealed that the 26 identified satDNA families are significantly biased towards male genome, accumulating in discrete regions in the Y chromosome. Exceptionally, the OhyaSat04‐125 family was found to be distributed virtually throughout the entire extension of the Y chromosome. This suggests an important role of satDNA in Y chromosome differentiation, in comparison of other repeats, which collectively shows similar abundance between sexes, about 50%. Furthermore, chromosomal mapping of all satDNA families revealed an unexpected high spread in euchromatic regions, covering the entire extension, irrespective of their abundance. Only discrete regions of heterochromatin on the Y chromosome and of the m‐chromosomes (peculiar chromosomes commonly observed in heteropterans) were enriched with satDNAs. The putative causes of the intense enrichment of satDNAs in euchromatin are discussed, including the possible existence of burst cycles similar to transposable elements and as a result of holocentricity. These data challenge the classical notion that euchromatin is not enriched with satDNAs.
Left ventricular assist devices for treatment of refractory advanced heart failure: the Western Australian experience
Authors: Silbert Benjamin , Shah Amit , Dembo Lawrence , Hayes Helen , Larbalestier Robert , Baumwol Jay 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundLeft ventricular (LV) assist devices (LVADs) can prolong survival and improve quality of life in end‐stage heart failure.AimsReview outcomes of the Western Australian LVAD programme.MethodsRetrospective database and medical record review.ResultsOne hundred forty‐seven LVADs have been implanted in 23 years, of which 95 were newer‐generation devices (HeartWare HVAD [HW], HeartMate II and HeartMate 3). Presented data refer to these devices only. Most patients (94%) were classed as bridge‐to‐transplant or ‐candidacy/decision, with the remainder classed as ‘destination therapy’ (DT). Mean LV ejection fraction was 20%, and 36% had severe right ventricular dysfunction. Sixty‐two percent of patients had a nonischaemic cardiomyopathy. Following LVAD implant, the median length of stay in intensive care was 2 days, and in the hospital overall was 23 days. Ninety‐six percent of patients survived to hospital discharge, and, following discharge, 98% of days with LVAD were spent as an outpatient. The median number of hospital readmissions was 1.5 per patient per year. LVAD‐associated infection requiring admission or intravenous antibiotics at any time after implant occurred in 36%, significant gastrointestinal bleeding in 19% and stroke in 11%. The percentage of patients alive with LVAD still in situ at 1, 2 and 5 years was 94%, 88% and 62% respectively, which exceeds current international registry outcomes. All DT patients survived at least 4 years, spending 97% of days with LVAD as an outpatient. The two longest‐surviving HW DT patients worldwide (11.3 and 10.5 years) are among this cohort.ConclusionsExcellent outcomes can be achieved with LVADs in appropriately selected patients.
Validation of a clinical model for predicting left versus right ventricular outflow tract origin of idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias
Authors: Bourquin Luc , Küffer Thomas , Asatryan Babken , Badertscher Patrick , Baldinger Samuel H. , Knecht Sven , Seiler Jens , Spies Florian , Servatius Helge , Kühne Michael , Noti Fabian , Osswald Stefan , Haeberlin Andreas , Tanner Hildegard , Roten Laurent , Reichlin Tobias , Sticherling Christian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrediction of the chamber of origin in patients with outflow tract ventricular arrhythmias (OTVA) remains challenging. A clinical risk score based on age, sex and presence of hypertension was associated with a left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) origin. We aimed to validate this clinical score to predict an LVOT origin in patients with OTVA.MethodsIn a two‐center observational cohort study, unselected patients undergoing catheter ablation (CA) for OTVA were enrolled. All procedures were performed using an electroanatomical mapping system. Successful ablation was defined as a ≥80% reduction of the initial overall PVC burden after 3 months of follow‐up. Patients with unsuccessful ablation were excluded from this analysis.ResultsWe included 187 consecutive patients with successful CA of idiopathic OTVA. Mean age was 52 ± 15 years, 102 patients (55%) were female, and 74 (40%) suffered from hypertension. A LVOT origin was found in 64 patients (34%). A score incorporating age, sex and presence of hypertension reached 73% sensitivity and 67% specificity for a low (0–1) and high (2–3) score, to predict an LVOT origin. The combination of one ECG algorithm (V2S/V3R‐index) with the clinical score resulted in a sensitivity and specificity of 81% and 70% for PVCs with R/S transition at V3.ConclusionThe published clinical score yielded a lower sensitivity and specificity in our cohort. However, for PVCs with R/S transition at V3, the combination with an existing ECG algorithm can improve the predictability of LVOT origin.
Smoke exposure and childhood atopic eczema and food allergy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Lau Hui Xing , Lee Jia Wei , Yap Qai Ven , Chan Yiong Huak , Samuel Miny , Loo Evelyn Xiu Ling 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere is no consensus on the effect of timing and type of smoke exposure on early allergy development. This study aimed to determine the relationship between early eczema or food allergy/hypersensitivity development in children by firstly investigating the effect of smoke exposure across critical development periods and secondly by analyzing effects of parental atcive or passive smoking.MethodsFour databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Embase) were searched in May 2022 and assessed by two independent reviewers. Case–control, cross‐sectional or cohort studies reporting on smoke exposure from preconception to postnatal periods and atopic eczema, food allergy and/or hypersensitivity outcomes by age 3 years were included. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale was used to assess study quality. Random effects model was used to estimate the pooled risk ratios.ResultsFrom 1689 identified records, 32 studies with nearly 190,000 subjects were included. Parental smoking during preconception, pregnancy and postnatal periods was generally not associated with the risk of eczema, food allergy and food sensitisation development by age 3 years. Maternal active smoking during pregnancy was negatively associated with self‐reported doctor diagnosis of eczema (RR = 0.87, 95% CI 0.77–0.98; I2 = 50.56) and maternal passive smoking during pregnancy was positively associated with clinician assessment of eczema in one study (RR = 1.38; 95% CI 1.06–1.79).ConclusionOur findings highlighted the importance of in utero programming in early‐life allergy development. Despite the weak evidence, our results suggest pregnant women should minimise their contact with second‐hand smoke to prevent offspring eczema development. There is a need for greater utilisation of objective allergy assessments in future studies.
Increased drought resistance in state transition mutants is linked to modified plastoquinone pool redox state
Authors: Leverne Lucas , Roach Thomas , Perreau François , Maignan Fabienne , Krieger‐Liszkay Anja 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIdentifying traits that exhibit improved drought resistance is highly important to cope with the challenges of predicted climate change. We investigated the response of state transition mutants to drought. Compared with the wild type, state transition mutants were less affected by drought. Photosynthetic parameters in leaves probed by chlorophyll fluorescence confirmed that mutants possess a more reduced plastoquinone (PQ) pool, as expected due to the absence of state transitions. Seedlings of the mutants showed an enhanced growth of the primary root and more lateral root formation. The photosystem II inhibitor 3‐(3,4‐dichlorophenyl)−1,1‐dimethylurea, leading to an oxidised PQ pool, inhibited primary root growth in wild type and mutants, while the cytochrome b6f complex inhibitor 2,5‐dibromo‐3‐methyl‐6‐isopropylbenzoquinone, leading to a reduced PQ pool, stimulated root growth. A more reduced state of the PQ pool was associated with a slight but significant increase in singlet oxygen production. Singlet oxygen may trigger a, yet unknown, signalling cascade promoting root growth. We propose that photosynthetic mutants with a deregulated ratio of photosystem II to photosystem I activity can provide a novel path for improving crop drought resistance.
Genomic content of wheat has a higher influence than plant domestication status on the ability to interact with Pseudomonas plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria
Authors: Gruet Cécile , Alaoui Maroua , Gerin Florence , Prigent‐Combaret Claire , Börner Andreas , Muller Daniel , Moënne‐Loccoz Yvan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPlant evolutionary history has had profound effects on belowground traits, which is likely to have impacted the ability to interact with microorganisms, but consequences on root colonization and gene expression by plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) remain poorly understood. Here, we tested the hypothesis that wheat genomic content and domestication are key factors determining the capacity for PGPR interaction. Thus, 331 wheat representatives from eight Triticum or Aegilops species were inoculated under standardized conditions with the generalist PGPR Pseudomonas ogarae F113, using an autofluorescent reporter system for monitoring F113 colonization and expression of phl genes coding for the auxinic inducing signal 2,4‐diacetylphloroglucinol. The interaction with P. ogarae F113 was influenced by ploidy level, presence of genomes AA, BB, DD, and domestication. While root colonization was higher for hexaploid and tetraploid species, and phl expression level higher for hexaploid wheat, the diploid Ae. tauschii displayed higher phl induction rate (i.e., expression:colonisation ratio) on roots. However, a better potential of interaction with F113 (i.e., under non‐stress gnotobiotic conditions) did not translate, after seed inoculation, into better performance of wheat landraces in non‐sterile soil under drought. Overall, results showed that domestication and especially plant genomic content modulate the PGPR interaction potential of wheats.
When the adrenals alert us to a systemic fungal disease
Authors: Fernandes Daniel Alvarenga , Resende Mariângela Ribeiro , da Silva Acsa Caroline Mesquita , Schenka André Almeida , Barreto Icléia , Reis Fabiano 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe present a patient referred for investigation of adrenal insufficiency, confirmed due to disseminated paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), with abdominal and central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Establishing the pathogenesis and immunological processes involved in chronic or latent infections by PCM has been challenging. Medical doctors caring for patients with immunodeficiencies should learn about these fungal infections to properly guide travel planning and have this possibility in the diagnostic arsenal when the patient returns from endemic areas. After 13 months of treatment, the patient showed good clinical evolution, and we repeated imaging exams, showing partial improvement of the preview lesions. Diagnosis and treatment can prevent catastrophic events.