bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of economic stationary variables on the growth in per capita income in Iraq for the period (1990 - 2021) by using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model
Authors: Yas Khudair Russell                                                                                                            Russell , Sabir Mohammed Saad 
Published: December 2022

This research is work to measure the effect of the economic stability variables represented by unemployment, inflation, economic growth and the Iraqi balance of payments on the growth of individual income by using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model after conducting a series of tests to ensure that the model is free from standard problems and to ensure the stability of the series Such as unit root tests based on Philip-Perron test and tests of homogeneity, serial correlation and normal distribution of data (Jarque-Bera), and the study concluded that there is a long-term logical equilibrium relationship depending on the impact test of Bounds Test, and there is a correction relationship from the short to the long term At a speed of 22.6%, that is, complete equilibrium will occur within a period of approximately four and a half years, as the study showed that both inflation and the unemployment rate have a negative impact on the individual income rate and that the magic square of the role in the Iraqi economy is completely far from the ideal that I assumed as the role, especially in what The unemployment indicator.
Histodevelopmental study of Heart development in Local Domestic Rabbit (Oryctolagus Cuniculus): prenatal study
Authors: Abdul Khaliq Zegyer Esraa , Mahdi Al-Badri Ahmed , Abdullah Jassim Bassim 
Published: December 2022

The study designed to investigate the histological modification of heart tube during the development stage in local domestic rabbits embryo. The experimental animals were distributed into four groups each group consist of one male Rabbit and three female Rabbits. The pregnant female in all groups were sacrificed at the end of each period. The result showed the early stage of heart development at (4, 6, 8 and 10) days of gestation period, the first embryonic evidence of embryo was the neural tube formation belong the longitudinal axes of embryo. The result noted the primary divisions of neural tube in cephalic region of embryo. The result noted at six day of development time showed prominent cardiogenic plate located in limited region called intra embryonic cavity. The micrograph at eight day of heart development showed the heart tube have prominent wide ends, while at ten day noted establishment of primitive heart regions which included the truncus areriosus, bulbo cordis, atrium, ventricle and sinus venosus .
Cryptocurrency in India and its impacts on Legislation
Authors: Lohiya Sunil 
Published: December 2022

Due to the rapid development of information and communication technologies, many activities in our daily life have been done online and have become more effective. Due to the huge growth in the number of online users, the concept of virtual payment has become active and a new concept has emerged recently. Which is cryptocurrency. Which facilitates the process of financial activities like buying and selling. The use of virtual currency to make various payments has become widespread in recent years. Virtual money in which cryptocurrency has a prominent place. But it is not fully regulated so most of the countries have not accepted this currency in their economic activities. The current legality of this cryptocurrency as well as its impact on this currency is a subject of study. It has responded in terms of rules and laws to develop a clear picture of its impact on various laws in India to regulate crypto currencies. Taking this matter into consideration, the present research paper has been presented.
Abstract in Gujarati Language:
માહિતી અને સંચાર તકનીકોના ઝડપી વિકાસને કારણે, આપણા રોજિંદા જીવનમાં ઘણી પ્રવૃત્તિઓ ઓનલાઈન કરવામાં આવી છે અને તે વધુ અસરકારક બની છે. ઓનલાઈન વપરાશકર્તાઓની સંખ્યામાં ભારે વૃદ્ધિ થવાથી વર્ચ્યુઅલ ચુક્વણીનો કોન્સેપ્ટ સક્રિય બન્યો છે અને એક નવો જ કોન્સેપ્ટ હાલ મા જોવા મળ્યો છે. જે ક્રિપ્ટોકરન્સી છે. જે નાણાકીય પ્રવૃત્તિઓ જેમ કે ખરીદી અને વેચાણ ની પ્રક્રિયાને સરળ બનાવે છે. તાજેતરના વર્ષોમાં વિવિધ ચુક્વણી કરવા માટે વર્ચ્યુઅલ ચલણનો ઉપયોગ વ્યાપક બન્યો છે. વર્ચ્યુઅલ મની કે જેમા ક્રિપ્ટોકરન્સી નુ આગવું સ્થાન છે. પરંતુ તે સંપૂર્ણપણે નિયંત્રિત નથી તેથી મોટાભાગના દેશોએ તેમની આર્થિક પ્રવૃત્તિઓમાં આ ચલણને સ્વીકાર્યું નથી. આ ક્રિપ્ટોકરન્સીની વર્તમાન કાયદેસરતા તેમજ આ કરન્સી પર તેની અસર કેવી રહેસે તે અભ્યાસ નો વિષય છે. ક્રિપ્ટો કરન્સીને નિયંત્રિત કરવા માટે ભારતમાં વિવિધ કાયદાઓ પર તેની અસરનું સ્પષ્ટ ચિત્ર વિકસાવવા માટે નિયમો અને કાયદાઓના સંદર્ભમાં પ્રતિભાવ આપ્યો છે. એ બાબતને ધ્યાને લઈ પ્રસ્તુત સંસોધન પત્ર રજૂ કરેલ છે.
Keywords: ક્રિપ્ટોકરન્સી, બિટકોઈન, ડિજીટલ કરન્સી, વર્ચ્યુઅલ કરન્સી
Impacts of unemployment on mental and physical health and health risk behavior of working and educated unemployed youth in Moradabad district
Authors: Pratiksha  , Rani Seema 
Published: December 2022

In the presented paper, an attempt has been made to analyze the prevalence of unemployment on mental and physical health and health risk behavior of working and educated unemployed youth of Moradabad district. On a comparative study of the facts, it is clear that the problem of feeling constant pressure was common in both unemployed and employed youths. It can also be said here that the social and family environment is responsible for the situation of this pressure in the unemployed youth, whereas in the working youth, this pressure arises due to various adverse conditions in their workplace.
Abstract in Hindi Language:
प्रस्तुत शोधपत्र में मुरादाबाद जनपद के कार्यरत् एवं शिक्षित बेरोजगार युवकों के मानसिक तथा शारीरिक स्वास्थ्य एवं स्वास्थ्य जोख़्मि व्यवहार पर बेरोजगारी के प्रभाव की व्यापकता का विश्लेषण करने का प्रसाय किया गया है। तथ्यों का तुलनात्मक अध्ययन करने पर यह स्पष्ट होता है कि लगातार दबाव महसूस करने जैसी समस्या बेरोजगार एवं कार्यरत् युवकों दोनों में सामान्य रूप से पायी गयी। यहाँ पर यह भी कहा जा सकता है कि बेरोजगार युवकों में इस दबाव की स्थिति के लिए सामाजिक एवं पारिवारिक परिवेश उत्तरदायी है जबकि कार्यरत् युवकों में यह दबाव उनके कार्यक्षेत्र की विभिन्न प्रतिकूल परिस्थितियों के कारण उत्तपन्न होता है।
Keywords: बेरोजगारी, मानसिक स्वास्थ्य, शारीरिक स्वास्थ्य, स्वास्थ्य जोख़िम व्यवहार।
Occurrence of Quinolone-Resistance Genes in Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Salmonella Enterica Serotype Typhi Isolated form Blood Sample of Patients with Typhoid Fever
Authors: S. Hassan Jabbar , Al-Tamimi Bushra J. , Ghazi Hassan Fuad 
Published: December 2022

Salmonella is approved as a common foodborne pathogen, causing major health problems throughout the world particularly in low‐ and middle‐income countries. Low-level fluoroquinolone resistance is conferred by both chromosomal and plasmid-encoded resistance, this research was carried out look into the occurrence rate of qnrA,qnrB and qnrS genes in Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi Cipr ofloxacin-resistant insulate from blood samples of patients with typhoid fever. Fifteen Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi isolated previously from patients with typhoid fever were included in this study. All bacterial isolates were confirmed to have ciprofloxacin resistant by VITEK 2 microbial identification system; after plasmid DNA extraction; multiplex-PCR was done with primer sequences intended to plasmid-mediated quinolone-resistance genes which is qnrA, qnrB, and qnrS. In this study; it was 21 qur genes amongst 15 isolates. The qnrS gene was the commonest (10/21, 47.6%) followed by qnrA (6/21, 28.5%), whereas only 4 isolates were positive for qnrB (5/21, 23.8%). Some isolates had more than one qnr genes. So, Ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella typhi can have more than one gene at the same time; and the most occurrence rate in regards to qnr gene in this study was qnrS compared to qnrA and qnrB
A Study of the inhibitory effect of Terpinen-4-ol on Amastigote Forms of Leishmania tropica within Macrophages of Mouse in vitro
Authors: Hami Abdulazim Mohammed 
Published: December 2022

It was recorded that Terpinen-4-ol has an anti-parasitic properties, so it will be noteworthy to intensify the studies about this compound.
This study aims to test the effectiveness of terpinen-4-ol on amastigote forms of Leishmania parasite in macrophages.
This effect was studied by adding increasing concentrations of Terpinen-4-ol to culture wells containing mouse macrophages that were previously incubated with the promastigote forms of the parasites for 24 hours .Then, they were incubated for another 24 hours with increasing concentrations of Terpinen-4-ol. After, Parasites were enumerated into macrophages in wells either treated with Terpinen-4-ol or in control wells.
Treatment with Terpinen-4-ol at concentrations (0.01%, 0.02%, 0.05%, 0.1%) (v/v) decreased the viability of the amastigote forms inside macrophages (24.02%, 32.74%, 66.72%, 100%) respectively, compared to control wells (water only).
This study demonstrated an activity of Terpinen-4-ol against amastigote forms of Leishmania tropica in vitro with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC50) value was 0.0416% (v/v).
Isolation of Catchin and Epigallocatchin From Iraqi Rhus coriaria By Preparative High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (PHPLC)
Authors: Ibrahem Nabaa Mohammed , Khadum Enas Jawad , Mutlag Shihab Hattab 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Two compounds were isolated from the fruit part of Rhus coriaria that grow wildly or cultivated in the north of Iraq. The compounds were separated by preparative high-Performance Liquid Chromatography and their structures were established based on detailed spectroscopic techniques like FTIR and LC-MS/MS.
Keywords: Rhus coriaria, Preparative HPLC, LC-MSMS, FTIR
Synthesis, Molecular Docking Study and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of some Quinazolinone Derivatives as Nonclassical Antifolates and Potential Cytotoxic Agents
Authors: Oleiwi Mohammed Abdulameer , Zalzala Munaf H. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A series of new 4(3H)-quinazolinone derivatives (S1-S4) were synthesized and characterized by FTIR,1HNMR and 13CNMR .Their cytotoxic activity against a set of human cancer cell lines MCF-7 (breast) and A549 (lung) was evaluated using MTT assay. To detect their selectivity toward cancer cells, the compounds were also tested against epithelial cells derived from normal human fibroblast (NHF). Methotrexate (MTX) was used as a reference for comparison . All the tested compounds exhibited toxicity against the normal cells lower than cancer cells. All the tested compounds displayed higher cytotoxicity against lung cancer cell line (A549) than MTX with the most potent one is compound S2 (IC50: 5.73 µM). Among the tested compounds, compound S1 exhibited the highest antitumor activity against MCF-7cell line (IC50: 3.38 µM) compared to MTX (IC50: 27.32 µM). The binding modes of the synthesized compounds with the target proteins (DHFR and TS) were investigated by molecular docking studies using GOLD software.
Квантово-холістичний характер породження та сприйняття мовлення (гіпотетичне обґрунтування)
Authors: Kholod Oleksandr 
Published: December 2022

Вступ. У статті автор висуває гіпотезу про те, що процеси породження та сприйняття мовлення майбутніх журналістів мають квантово-холістичні характеристики. Дослідження здійснене завдяки теоретичним і праксеологічним методам. Практична частина дослідження присвячена спробі довести гіпотезу про те, що процеси породження та сприйняття мовлення майбутніх журналістів мають квантово-холістичні характеристики.
Методика практичної частини має декілька дослідницьких процедур, які здійснювалися в три етапи. На першому етапі досліджувані (N=43) за 180 секунд записували 10 слів, які їм спадали на думку; на другому етапі під час виконання досліджуваними (N=27) завдання з написання за 180 секунд п’яти речень, що спадали на думку, експериментатор читав шість разів текст молитви «Отче наш» українською мовою. Досліджувані не чули читання молитви. На третьому етапі виміврювався вплив мисленнєвого навіювання експериментатора, який знаходився на відстані 450–600 км від досліджуваних (N=24), на їхні асоціативні вербальні реакції під час опису уявлених досліджуваними образів. Усі отримані реакції інтерпретувалися в таблицях і діаграмах, що зафіксовано в міжнародних репозитаріях: 1) Social Science Research Network (SSRN) on February 12, 2022 (http://ssrn.com/abstract=4034175) and 2) Mendeley Data Search on February 18, 2022 (Kholod, Alexandr (2022), “For_article_Kholod_A_Quantum-holistic_2022”). Date, V1, doi: 10.17632 / gzsk33ykxv.1). Вік досліджуваних був у діапазоні від 18(19) років до 19(20) років у двох групах студентів, які навчалися за спеціальністю «журналістика».
Висновки. Встановлено, що з позицій холістичної концепції, асоціативні вербальні реакції досліджуваних мають притаманні їм квантові вербальні центри (QVC) та вербальні периферії (VP).
Усі процедури, проведені під час досліджень за участю людей, відповідали етичним стандартам Комітету з етики при Міжнародній радакційній раді наукового журналу «Соціальні комунікації: теорія і практика» (протокол № 2 від 28.02.2022).
Second Language Testing: Assessing the Psychometric Properties Causes of Second Language Writing Anxiety Scale (SLCWAS) Using Rasch Model Analysis
Authors: Alzahrani Mohammed R. 
Published: December 2022

Purpose. The aim was to develop and validate (SLCWAS)so as to provide support for its application among primary school students. It was postulated the following: (1) the (SLCWAS) was developed for application to primary school students in a Saudi Arabian cultural context; and (2) the (SLCWAS) has appropriate psychometric properties.
Methods and Procedure. 190 primary school students were included in this study. CFA was conducted for testing item-factor structure of the scale. The fit indices were found to be Chi square = 32.16 (p < .001), degree of freedom = 190 (χ2 = 32.16; df = 190, χ2/df = 3.24), root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = .07 (p < .05) standardized root mean- square residual (SRMR) = .05, comparative fit index (CFI) = .93, non-normed fit index (NNFI) = .96, goodness of fit index (GFI) = .96, and adjusted goodness of fit index (AGFI) = .95. These outcomes prove that SLCWAS is a valid and reliable measure.
Results. Findings indicate that the empirical ICC curves fit well with the expected ICC curves for all the items. the levels of SLCWAS in primary school students are widely distributed. Higher Logits scores indicated that students have higher levels of SLCWAS. Males and females had the same location in answering SLCWAS items and that there was no DIF for the SLCWAS items with respect to gender.
Conclusions: SLCWAS was validated in the Rasch analysis with a sample of primary school students. The preliminary reliability investigation revealed a very high internal consistency for the scale.
Асоціативно-вербальна кваліфікація сенсорних етностереотипів сучасними носіями української мови
Authors: Semashko Tetiana , Shvets Olexandr 
Published: December 2022

Мета. Шляхом дослідження глибинних закοнοмірнοстей сенсοрних кοреляцій простору людськοї свідοмοсті сформувати узагальнений асоціативний етнічний портрет свідомості сучасного українця в цілому й мовної свідомості зокрема, що презентують етнолінгвокультурне співтовариство, водночас як і систему його мовних перцептивних стереотипів.
Методи. Основним інструментарієм обрано такі методи: метод семантико-диференціальних шкал, психοлінгвістичний метод спрямованого асοціативного експерименту, контекстуальний метод, методи спостереження, аналізу, систематизації, узагальнення та методу кількісних підрахунків. Застосовано комплексну методику на основі консолідації пошукового, експериментального, аналітичного, оцінного й узагальнювального підходів.
Результати. Змодельовано асоціативні ряди слів-стимулів, які визначають еталони вербалізаторів чуттєвого сприйняття; з’ясовано напрями, за якими відбувається формування перцептивних еталонів; окреслено фактори невідповідностей реакцій на стимул у респондентів західного та східного регіонів України; виявлено мовні стереотипи сенсорного рівня, які існують у мовній свідомості сучасних українців.
Висновки. Результати спрямованого асоціативного експерименту виправдали очікування: респонденти актуалізували передбачені мовною системою об’єктивації – іменні сутності, які, інтегруючи притаманний українському етносу чуттєвий досвід, визначають еталони зорового сприйняття та репрезентують узагальнений асоціативний етнічний портрет мовної свідомості українців XXI ст., водночас як і систему його культурних перцептивних стереотипів. Отримані результати, як підґрунтя для глибшого осягнення закономірностей і тенденцій розвитку української мови у проекції на людську свідомість, сприятимуть упорядкуванню результатів внутрішнього рефлексивного досвіду українців, що, зрештою, уможливить опис української лінгвокультури.
Foreign Language Processing of English Regular and Irregular Past Tense Verbs by Arabic-Speaking EFL Children
Authors: Altakhaineh Abdel Rahman , Alhloul Rozan , Zibin Aseel 
Published: December 2022

Purpose. This paper examines whether irregular past verbs are acquired earlier than regular past verbs by Arabic-speaking EFL children.
Methods and procedure. Ninety fifth graders were tested using pictures representing 20 regular and 20 irregular past tense verbs through a sentence completion task. An introspective session was conducted with 70 children following the administration of the tests in order to determine the areas of difficulty.
Results. The results mainly revealed that there is a statistically significant difference between regular and irregular verbs in favour of regular verbs. This suggests that the children learn regular forms prior to irregular ones contradicting the Natural Order Hypothesis and providing credence to the two Interlanguage strategies, namely, the L2 Overgeneralization of Alternative L2 Category Strategy and L1 Transfer Strategy. The children’s failure to produce the irregular form of the verb can be ascribed to the default system that they rely on, which is the computation system rather than the storage system. Thus, Arabic-speaking EFL children apply regular inflection of -ed whenever their memory fails to produce an irregular verb form.
Conclusions. This study has demonstrated that Arabic-speaking EFL children do not follow the same sequence of acquisition as that exhibited by first language learners in acquiring the regular and irregular simple past forms. These learners acquire the regular past tense forms prior to the irregular ones contradicting the Natural Order Hypothesis. Due to the lack of irregularities in their first language, these learners apply the regular inflection rule to novel or unfamiliar verbs without sometimes considering the possibility of an existent irregular form that needs to be retrieved from memory. This also provides credence to two Interlanguage strategies, namely, the L2 Overgeneralization of Alternative L2 Category Strategy and L1 Transfer Strategy. More studies that investigate the sequence of acquisition of other types of morphemes by Arabic-speaking EFL children are needed to explore the effect of L1 and other factors such as the learning situation on the acquisition of English morphemes.
ПРОЯВИ ОСОБИСТІСНИХ СМИСЛІВ У МОВЛЕННЄВІЙ КОМУНІКАЦІЇ ПІДЛІТКІВ
Authors: Kyrychenko Tetiana 
Published: December 2022

According to the results of the study, it is pointed out that individual personality traits are manifested in the speech expression as a product of speech activity in the following characteristics: (1) proper linguistic (linguistic, speech and semantic); (2) psychological (motivational, cognitive, emotional, productive and resultative). The scientific and categorical analysis of the understanding the concept of personal meaning and the factors influencing its formation has been made. The article considers interpersonal speech communication of adolescents as a semantic interaction of its subjects, which involves the presence of such speech abilities as speaking and listening, the functional communicative unit of which is the statement (message) that is inextricably linked with the lexical-semantic and grammatical meanings.
КОНСТРУКТ «МОРАЛЬНІ СУДЖЕННЯ» У СТАНОВЛЕННІ САМОСВІДОМОСТІ ДОШКІЛЬНИКІВ: АНАЛІЗ ПЕРВИННИХ РЕЗУЛЬТАТІВ
Authors: Lokhvytska Liubov 
Published: December 2022

The analysis of primary results of realization by preschool age children of the moral norms presented in the verbal form – moral judgments is offered. Notion “moral judgments” is defined in the context of considering the cognitive component of moral consciousness. On the basis of the conducted methods «History», «Conversation» (modified by G. Uruntayeva and Y. Afonkina) the average indicators on the sample on all scales regarding children’s understanding of the essence of the following 12 moral qualities: «kindness», «anger», «lying», «honesty», «generosity», «greed», «rudeness», «politeness», «sensitivity», «cruelty», «boastfulness» and «modesty» are determined. The obtained results demonstrated that the majority of senior preschoolers, expressing moral and evaluative judgments, have a vocabulary that nominates moral concepts. According to the method «Story drawings» (modified by the same authors) the levels of children’s awareness of moral qualities and the ability to determine morality in specific life situations based on verbalization of the essence of moral events are determined.
ВПЛИВ СИТУАЦІЇ СПІЛЬНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ НА МОВЛЕННЄВУ КОМУНІКАЦІЮ ДІТЕЙ
Authors: Lutsenko Iryna 
Published: December 2022

The article highlights the results of research on the problem of children's speech communication, which occurs in the process of interpersonal interaction: role-playing, sports games, productive and creative activities. It is concluded that the success of practical interaction and communication depends on the child's ability to express their own intentions in speech and understand the intentions of the partner.
It was found that the initial and common element is the intentional aspect of the content of speech, the manifestation of the child's positive or negative intentional orientation. It is assumed that the study of the intentional structure of dialogues in the process of performing a common task will help to identify the intentional state of children, their current intentions, will reveal the interdependence of speech and practical actions of participants in joint activities.
ПСИХОЛІНГВОТЕХНОЛОГІЯ ФОРМУВАННЯ У ДІТЕЙ СТАРШОГО ДОШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ МОВЛЕННЄВИХ ДІЙ
Authors: Mysan Inna 
Published: December 2022

The article highlights the experience of forming children’s speech actions, which have consecutive phases in the process of their realization: (a) orientation and planning; (b) execution; (c) control. This algorithm of speech actions functioning is based on the provisions of A. Leontiev’s theory of speech activity.
ПСИХОЛІНГВІСТИЧНА СКЛАДОВА ФОРМУВАННЯ У ДІТЕЙ СТАРШОГО ДОШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ СТІЙКИХ УМІНЬ СТВОРЕННЯ РОЗПОВІДЕЙ ВСІХ ТИПІВ
Authors: Savchyn Oleksandr 
Published: December 2022

The experience gained by the author during the approbation / implementation of «Author’s motivational linguistic and pedagogical technology of forming stable skills in creating of different types stories by older preschool children» in PEI (preschool educational institutions), allows to state the real reason for ineffective mastery of different types storytelling in general and monological speech in particular, which lies in the lack of creating a psychologically favorable climate for inclusion of the each child into educational process, that has an extremely negative impact on its effectiveness in mastering and appropriate use of different types storytelling in everyday communication.
A separate problem for study and solution is the psycholinguistic component of stable skills formation in older preschool children for creating stories of all types in the implementation of the author’s motivational linguistic and pedagogical technology in general and acquisition by students of skills to perform internal speech operations with external speech sounding of thought in particular.