bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Russian Church and Ukrainian War
Authors: Hovorun Cyril 
Published: January 2023

The war in Ukraine that began in February 2014 with the annexation of Crimea and escalated in February 2022 to the extent unseen in Europe since the World War II, cannot be adequately comprehended without taking into consideration its religious dimension. This dimension was correctly identified by the patriarch of Moscow and all Russia Kirill as “metaphysical.” This paper explores some aspects of the metaphysics of the Russo-Ukrainian war. It also tries to explain how and why the Russian Orthodox Church has contributed to it.
Dimensions and proportions of the rock-cut tombs at the Eastern Field of the Giza Necropolis
Authors: Vetokhov Sergey V. 
Published: January 2023

The dimensional and proportional analysis of rock-cut tombs on a wide range of material has been done before, but has remained unanswered as to the possible causes of their size and proportions.
This study based on 79 rock-cut tombs on the Eastern field of the Giza necropolis has attempted to identify the reasons for the proportions and sizes of tomb chapels, and possible ways of their plan preparation during construction.
The analysis showed that there was no single universal scheme – the size and proportions of each chapel were set depending on their filling – the presence or absence of a pictorial decoration and the number of burial shafts. Thus, analysis has shown a marked difference between the tombs built first on rocky areas from about the middle of V dynasty with a broad pictorial program, and the tombs that appeared later, containing almost no decorations. The former have a chapel width of 5–6 royal cubits and proportions in the range 1/1.1–2.7, while the width of the latter are mostly between 3–5 royal cubits and have a markedly more elongated chapel length – with proportions 1/2.1–3.5. For tombs, in which only a false door was originally planned from the decoration, the proportions were set according to the intended number of burials. Whereas tombs with decoration require space in front of the walls, and therefore a different width and proportions of the chapel.
The possible use in the plan preparation during construction of a number of chapels of not only the best known Egyptian rectangular triangle 3:4:5, but also a triangle 5:12:13.
Terms of Personal Prayer in the Qurʼān: a Contextual and Emotional Analysis
Authors: Rozov Vladimir A. 
Published: January 2023

This article is dedicated to the terms for personal prayer (duʻāʼ and other derivative forms) in the Qurʼān. Occurrence of these terms in the text is analyzed quantitatively with regard to the chronology of the Qurʼānic text. They appear mainly in the sūras of the II and III Meccan periods, and more rarely in the Medinan period, contrary to the term for communal prayer ṣalāt which is frequent in the Medinan sūras. The study shows that they are used in a close number of interrelated contexts. These contexts could be described as follows: people’s ingratitude towards the Almighty God and their inclination towards pagan deities; their appeal to God in the time of danger; Allāh’s mercy to the righteous calling Him, including His response to them and helping a righteous man, like Zakarīyā and Ibrāhīm, to have a child. Emotional aspect of these fragments was analyzed as well. The Qurʼānic fragments, containing terms for the personal prayer, are emotionally intense and their modality varies from positive to negative, often containing both of these contrast evaluations. These traits and the variety of related topics and their emotional modality could be explained by diverse circumstances of Muḥammad’s prophetic mission, as his social role evolved from an outcast preacher to a head of the theocratic state. The variety of topics and their emotional modality could be a consequence of the different character of audiences during the different stages of monotheistic preach delivered by Prophet Muhammad.
“If no one goes, then who will pass”: the problem of interpretation of the fifth article of the russian-chinese beijing treaty of 1860
Authors: Kulikov Andrey 
Published: January 2023

Based on materials from the Archive of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire (Moscow), the article analyzes the events of 1861 associated with the first departure of a Russian trade caravan from Kyakhta to Beijing after a hundred-year break. The named caravan was sent at the initiative of the Kyakhta mayor Despot-Zenovich. The fifth article of the recently concluded Russian-Chinese Beijing Treaty of 1860 served as the legal basis for sending. According to the plan of Despot-Zenovich, the caravan was to follow the route Kyakhta – Urga – Dushikou outpost – Beijing. However, as subsequent events showed, the Chinese side interpreted the fifth article of the treaty in such a way that the open caravan trade in Beijing remained inaccessible to the Russians. Contradictions in the interpretation of the fifth article resulted in a series of negotiations in Beijing between dignitaries from the Zongli Yamen and the head of the XIV Russian Ecclesiastical Mission, Archimandrite Gurius (Karpov). At one of these meetings with Gurius, Chinese dignitaries expressed the opinion that in connection with the struggle of court cliques under the Manchu emperor, the Chinese side could not grant direct permission for trade to the Russians and bargaining was possible only unofficially. As a result, a compromise solution was the sending of a Russian caravan from Zhangjiakou to Tianjin. The article cites reports from Archimandrite Gury (Karpov) to the director of the Asiatic Department, Egor Petrovich Kovalevsky. A number of materials are cited for the first time.
New Finding of an Imported Helmet in a Sarmatian Burial on the Right Bank of the Kuban
Authors: Glebov Vyacheslav P. 
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to the publication of an iron segmented helmet found in mound 2 of the Beysuzhek 36 burial ground in the Kuban steppe region. Ciscaucasian Sarmatian burials with helmets belong to the culture of nomads of the 2nd – 1st centuries BC, identified with the Siraces of Strabo. It is obvious that the helmet from the Beysuzhek 36 burial ground is imported. It was made by a professional armourer and certainly does not belong to Greek, Celtic or Roman traditions of armour production. Middle Eastern helmets of the first millennium BC are represented by single finds. The lack of archaeological finds is partly compensated by images of similar helmets on the Bosporan tombstones, reliefs of Trajan’s column and Nile mosaic of Palestrina. The burial inventory is dated back to the late 2nd – 1st centuries BC. According to literary sources, the Sarmatians fought against the commanders of Mithridates VI Eupator, and later, as a part of the army of Mithridates, against the Romans in Asia Minor. The Sarmatians also made up a significant part of the army of the Bosporus of Cimmeria King Pharnaces II during his attempt to recapture the Pontic Kingdom. Thus, the appearance of the helmet in question in the North Caucasus region could be associated both with the participation of the Sarmatians in the Mithridatic wars, and with the events of 48–47 BC, when King Pharnaces II tried to take back the territories that had previously belonged to his father. During these wars, a Sarmatian soldier somehow received the rare Middle Eastern helmet.
On the Dogs-Prostitutes in the Old Testament
Authors: Makkaveev Nikolai A. 
Published: January 2023

Despite the widespread ideas, there were no cult male prostitutes in Ancient Israel. Therefore, we must reject the popular hypothesis according to which the “dogs” in Deuteronomy (23:19) meant “male prostitutes”. The interpretation of female qedešot and male qedešim as cult harlots and fornicators dates back at least to the Vulgate (late 4th century) (while the translators of the Septuagint did not understand these words and interpreted them according to context). However, such an understanding contains a huge number of logical stretches and internal contradictions. We agree with Phyllis Ann Bird’s hypothesis about its origin. The interpretation of Mesopotamian temple singers and dancers assinnu as cult homosexual prostitutes analogous to the “dogs” looks unconvincing. Qedešot were minor servants at local sanctuaries, who supposedly disappeared as a result of the reform of the Jewish religion under Josiah (7th century BC) and were analogous to the Mesopotamian qadištu priestesses. both groups had no sexual functions. Hosea (8th century BC) compared qedešot to prostitutes (4:15) following the biblical prophets’ manner of calling “fornication” all that they considered a betrayal of the YHWH cult. In the story about Judah and Tamar, qedeša is used as an euphemism for the harlot (Gen. 38:21). The qedešim were invented by the compiler of the Deuteronomy (23:19), who did not know who the qedešot were, but duplicated them in the masculine gender, to give the prohibition an absolute character. The remaining references to qedešim are either revoicings and reinterpretations of the consonantal text under the influence of Deuteronomy (2 Kings 23:7; Job 36:14), or later insertions to explain the origin of the qedešim in Israel (1 Kings 14:23; 15:11; 22:47).
Capital Structure Determinants: New Evidence from the MENA Region Countries
Authors: Ben Hamouda Raja Zekri , Hamzaoui Nessrine , Jilani Faouzi 
Published: January 2023

The objective of this paper is to investigate empirically the determinants of capital structure for a sample of 1101 firms from 11 MENA region countries over the period 2003-2017. Using a comparative approach, we find that firm-specific determinants explain better differences in capital structure choices than other country-specific determinants. Comparisons between countries, sub-regions (GGC and non-GCC countries) and legal origin (Common and Civil law countries) show furthermore that there are differences in terms of significance and importance of capital structure determinants. The most important determinant in the MENA region is profitability. The firm’s capital structure is positively impacted by size, tangibility of assets and private credit and it is negatively impacted by profitability, growth opportunities, GDP growth rate and stock market capitalization as a proportion of GDP. Moreover, we find that total leverage ratio, expressed in market values, give better results than leverage ratio expressed in book values and long-term leverage ratios expressed in book and/or market values. Finally, there is some evidence that the “Jasmine Revolution” has had an impact on firms’ capital structure determinants. Specific-level determinants play a much more prominent role after the revolution than in the past.
EFEKTIFITAS PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF BIDANG STUDI PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Ishak Ishak , Walid Abdul 
Published: January 2023

Tujuan utamanya yang ingin dicapai dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektifitas model pembelajaran kooperatif bidang Studi Pendidikan Agama Islam, untuk mengetahui bentuk peningkatan hasil belajar peserta didik dan untuk mendapatkan data dan informasi mengenai efektivitas model pembelajaran kooperatif pada pembelajaran pendidikan agama Islam dalam menigkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik di SDN 116 Pinrang. Penelitian ini apabila ditinjau dari tingkat eksplanasinya, maka tergolong kategori penelitian assosiatif; yaitu penelitian yang menghubungkan antara dua variabel seperti variabel efektivitas model pembelajaran kooperatif pada bidang studi pendidikan agama Islam dan peningkatan hasil belajar peserta didik. Teknik pengujian datanya dilakukan dengan uji deskriptif kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji korelasi sederhana.Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah guru dan siswa. Data hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran PAI dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran koopertif adalah 96,86. Niai yang dicapai siswa dari nilai terndah 75 dan nilai tertinggi adalah 95 dengan rentang nilai 3,33 dari nilai ideal. Setelah dilakukan tes akhir hasil belajar siswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif siswa mencapai tuntas dalam pembelajaran dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif pada siswa. Karena thitung = 3,250 ≥ ttabel = 2,704 maka dapat disimpulakan Ho ditolak jadi efektifitas pembelajaran PAI dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran koopertif efektif dan secara signifikan dapat menigkatkan hasil belajar peraserta didik.
LOCAL WISDOM DALAM TRADISI BUKA ROKOK ADAT PERKAWINAN : TELAAH SOSIOLOGI HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Arisman Arisman , Thohir Syahrir Ramdani , Jera Almi 
Published: January 2023

Tradisi Buka Rokok menandai seorang laki-laki akan menjadi bagian dari Desa Sigaruntang. Jika laki-laki tersebut tidak melaksanakan tradisi Buka Rokok, perkawinan belum boleh dilaksanakan dan wanita yang akan dinikahinya tidak diperbolehkan tinggal dengan suaminya di desa tersebut. Secara tidak langsung mereka mereka menganggap tradisi Buka Rokok syarat wajib menikah di Desa Sigaruntang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjawab rumusan masalah yang meliputi bagaimana proses pelaksanaan Buka Rokok dalam perkawinan di Desa Sigaruntang, bagaimana pandangan masyarakat terhadap tradisi Buka Rokok di Desa Sigaruntang dan bagaimana tinjauan hukum islam terhadap tradisi Buka Rokok dalam adat perkawinan di Desa Sigaruntang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan (Field Reseach) yang bertempat di Desa Sigaruntang Kecamatan Inuman Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi. Sampel dalam penelitian ini, yaitu 1 orang kepala desa, 1 orang tokoh adat, 1 orang tokoh agama, 1 orang tokoh pemuda, dan 10 orang yang telah menikah dengan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Keseluruhan data dalam penelitian ini dianalisia menggunakan analisis kritis. Hasil penelitian yang dapat disimpulkan penulis bahwa tradisi Buka Rokok ini ada yang sesuai dengan syariat Islam, yaitu maksud dan tujuan diadakannya tradisi Buka Rokok, yaitu untuk menjalin silaturahim dan ada juga yang tidak sesuai dengan syariat Islam, yaitu dari segi proses pelaksanaannya karena menggunakan rokok yang kontroversi di kalangan para ulama dan adanya unsur pemaksaan.
PENETAPAN USIA KEDEWASAAN DALAM SISTEM HUKUM DI INDONESIA
Authors: Ruzaipah Ruzaipah , Manan Abdul , A’yun Qurrota A’yun 
Published: January 2023

A person's age limit is said to be regulated in statutory regulations. But in the case of determining the age limit of maturity is still very diverse and has not yet reached a common ground on the certainty at what age a person can be said to be an adult, the age limit for adults between the rules of one another still does not show similarity, giving rise to ambiguity in the determination of a person's age of maturity, which ultimately will result in the validity of someone in carrying out the action or legal action taken. Departing from these problems, this paper aims to look at how a person's age is determined by Islamic law and the legal system in force in Indonesia.
Islamic law limits the maturity of a person characterized by wet dreams in men and menstruation in women, while Positive law is 18 years or has been married. The legality of legal actions of persons who are not yet mature in Islamic law is legal, whereas in positive law in civil law it is also considered legitimate as long as there is no claim.
DEEP LEARNING FOR FACES ON ORPHANAGE CHILDREN FACE DETECTION
Authors: Pernando Yonky , Febrianti Eka Lia , Syafrinal Ilwan , Roza Yuni , Afifah Ummul Fitri 
Published: January 2023

Abstract: l -The field of computer vision is research in development technology to obtain information from images and replicate or imitate human visual processes, so that they can understand the objects around them. Deep learning is a term used to describe a new era in learning that supports computer learning from big data machines. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) algorithms have made significant progress in the fields of object detection, image classification, and semantic segmentation. ;Object detection is a technique used to identify the type of object in a given image and the location of the object in the image. The field of computer vision is research in development technology to obtain information from images and replicate or imitate human visual processes, so that computers can know objects around them. Deep learning is the buzzword as a new era in machine learning that trains computers to find patterns from large amounts of data. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) algorithms have made significant progress in the fields of object detection, image classification, and semantic segmentation. Object detection is a technique used to identify the type of object in a particular image as well as the location of the object in the image. Keywords: CNN, Computer Vision, Deep Learning, Face Detection; Abstrak: 1 Bidang computer vision merupakan penelitian dalam teknologi pembangunan untuk memperoleh informasi dari citra dan mereplikasi atau meniru proses visual manusia, sehingga dapat memahami objek - objek disekelilingnya. Pembelajaran mendalam adalah istilah yang digunakan untuk menggambarkan era baru dalam pembelajaran mesin yang memungkinkan komputer belajar dari sejumlah besar data. [Algoritma Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) telah membuat kemajuan yang signifikan di bidang deteksi objek, klasifikasi gambar, dan segmentasi semantik. Deteksi objek adalah teknik yang digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis objek dalam citra yang diberikan serta lokasi objek di dalam citra. Bidang computer vision merupakan penelitian dalam teknologi pembangunan untuk memperoleh informasi dari citra dan mereplikasi atau meniru proses visual manusia, sehingga komputer dapat mengetahui objek - objek disekelilingnya. Deep learning adalah kata kunci sebagai era baru dalam machine learning yang melatih komputer dalam menemukan pola dari jumlah besar data. Algoritma Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) telah membuat kemajuan yang signifikan di bidang deteksi objek, klasifikasi gambar, dan segmentasi semantik. /Deteksi objek adalah teknik yang digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis objek dalam citra tertentu serta lokasi objek di dalam citra. Kata kunci: CNN, Computer Vision, Deep Learning, Deteksi Wajah
La vulneración del derecho de no re-victimización en la víctima del delito de violación sexual en el Ecuador
Authors: Guaman-Correa Julio 
Published: January 2023

El presente trabajo de investigación describe la problemática que existe en torno al proceso penal en el Ecuador, específicamente en lo referente a las víctimas del delito de violación sexual, lo cual ha producido una discusión constante sobre las formas y las diligencias en las que pueda existir revictimización en la víctima. La Constitución de la República del Ecuador y el Código Orgánico Integral Penal, sin duda alguna, son normas que pretenden proteger a la víctima dentro de este proceso. Pero en la práctica podrían existir diligencias que puedan generar revictimización, y esto provoca la vulneración de las garantías básicas del debido proceso, seguridad jurídica y tutela judicial efectiva, de la parte más débil del proceso penal, como es la víctima del delito de violación sexual. Para recopilar información sobre este tema se realizó un análisis de la palabra revictimización y su sentido específico en el ámbito institucional y también se realizó entrevistas a diferentes Fiscales de las Unidades de Violencia de Género en la ciudad de Quito, quienes explicaron el procedimiento y las diligencias que se realizan dentro de la investigación del prenombrado delito. Ellos indicaron que es favorable e ideal la unificación de todas las diligencias que se realiza con la víctima, donde efectivamente al realizarlas por separado se revictimiza a la víctima. Es por ello, que se ha tomado este tema como un referente para realizar la investigación que tiene carácter protector de la víctima de violación sexual.

Palabras Claves
VÍCTIMA / REVICTIMIZACIÓN / VIOLACIÓN SEXUAL / UNIFICACIÓN
Impactos da pandemia para o desenvolvimento infantil: Uma revisão bibliográfica
Authors: Maldonado Andréa Kelly da Silva , Granja Eliane Rabelo de Sousa , Pfeilsticker Francis Jardim , Amâncio Natália de Fátima Gonçalves 
Published: January 2023

Objetivos: Analisar como a pandemia da COVID-19 afetou a saúde mental das crianças, assim como das alterações comportamentais no desenvolvimento infantil. Métodos: Consiste de um estudo de revisão bibliográfica, em que foi realizada uma busca nos bancos de dados: SCIELO, PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde (BVS), EbscoHost no período de 3 anos, entre 2020 e 2022, em línguas portuguesa e inglesa. Foram captados 48 artigos, dos quais 28 foram excluídos por não cumprirem os critérios de inclusão propostos, de modo que 20 estudos foram analisados. Resultados: Observou-se que durante o período de isolamento e distanciamento social, as crianças ficaram mais propensas a desenvolver alterações psíquicas e físicas, como aumento no uso de telas, irritabilidade, queda do desempenho escolar e cognitivo, estresse crônico e agudo, ansiedade, depressão, distúrbios do sono e do apetite, aumento de peso, sedentarismo, irritabilidade, medo, insegurança e prejuízo nas interações sociais. Conclusão: Foi constatada pela revisão literária a incidência de prejuízos à saúde mental assim como desordens no comportamento infantil ocasionadas durante o período pandêmico. Desse modo, destaca-se os possíveis impactos para o desenvolvimento infantil e a importância do cuidado das demandas infantis acentuadas pela pandemia.
Uso sustentable de los recursos naturales de la reserva ecológica del Tentzo en el municipio de San Juan Atzompa, Puebla
Authors: Ayon Donaldo Barrales , Torres Fidel García , Olmos Claudia Domínguez , Roldán y Tovar Edgardo , Regules Behetzaida Martínez , Ramos Rosalina Lezama Ramos 
Published: January 2023

El municipio de San Juan Atzompa se encuentra ubicado dentro de la zona de la reserva estatal Sierra del Tentzo la cual fue declarada área natural protegida, con 57 mil 815 hectáreas en 13 municipios del estado de Puebla, dicha reserva alberga un gran número de especies animales y vegetales, endémicas y de importancia económica para sus habitantes; de ahí la importancia del aprovechamiento de los recursos naturales de manera sustentable mediante la propuesta de un servicio de ecoturismo el cual sea proporcionado por los habitantes del municipio de San Juan Atzompa y sirva de apoyo en la preservación del valor biológico, social, cultural y económico de la zona.
Programa piloto de intervención psicoeducativa para la prevención del abuso sexual infantil
Authors: Jiménez Quincha Graciela Verónica 
Published: January 2023

Este programa fue desarrollado para instituciones educativas de la sierra ecuatoriana, con la intervención psicoeducativa práctico y teórico para la prevención del abuso sexual infantil, contó con 264 docentes escogidos de acuerdo a la afinidad con el programa, la necesidad del conocimiento y los requisitos mínimos para su desarrollo. Para optar por la formación debieron encontrarse trabajando en un colegio de la localidad, tener un título de tercer nivel en pedagogía o a fines y contar con un nombramiento definitivo. El proyecto trabajó los siguientes conocimientos: perspectiva histórica, cultural y evolutiva del abuso sexual infantil a nivel nacional, definiciones psicosociales, legales y delitos sexuales, incidencia y prevalencia a nivel nacional e internacional, explicaciones causales y consecuencias del caso sexual en algún infante, marco explicativo del abuso sexual infantil, diseño de estrategias para la prevención del abuso sexual en niños/as, consecuencias psicológicas iniciales del abuso sexual infantil: problemas emocionales, prevención del abuso sexual contra los niños en instituciones educativas, identificación de signos de alarma tempranos y tardíos en menores que sufren abuso sexual. Como parte de los resultados se obtuvo el desarrollo de herramientas para el trabajo docente, la construcción del perfil de un abusador infantil y una lista de screenning de alerta para el reconocimiento de niño/as vulnerados.