bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 pandemic and adrenals: deep insights and implications in patients with glucocorticoid disorders
Authors: Cozzolino Alessia , Hasenmajer Valeria , Newell-Price John , Isidori Andrea M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has spread throughout the world. It was initially defined as a potentially severe syndrome affecting the respiratory tract, but it has since been shown to be a systemic disease with relevant extrapulmonary manifestations that increase mortality. The endocrine system has been found to be vulnerable to COVID-19 infection. The current review aims to evaluate the available data on the impact of COVID-19 infection and treatment, as well as COVID-19 vaccines, on adrenal gland function, particularly in patients with GC disorders.

Methods
A thorough search of published peer-reviewed studies in PubMed was performed using proper keywords.

Results
Adrenal viral tropism and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) replication in the adrenal glands have been demonstrated, and adrenal insufficiency (AI) is a rare, but potentially severe complication in COVID-19 disease, whose recognition can be difficult if only for the empirical treatments administered in the early stages. Glucocorticoid (GC) treatment have had a pivotal role in preventing clinical deterioration in patients with COVID-19, but long-term GC use may increase COVID-19-related mortality and the development of iatrogenic AI. Patients with GC disorders, especially AI and Cushing’s syndrome, have been identified as being at high risk of COVID-19 infection and complications. Published evidence suggests that AI patient awareness and proper education may help adjust GC replacement therapy appropriately when necessary, thereby reducing COVID-19 severity. The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on AI management, particularly in terms of adherence to patients’ care plans and self-perceived challenges. On the other hand, published evidence suggests that the clinical course of COVID-19 may be affected by the severity of hypercortisolism in patients with CS. Therefore, to ameliorate the risk profile in these patients, cortisol levels should be adequately controlled, along with careful monitoring of metabolic and cardiovascular comorbidities. To date, the COVID-19 vaccine remains the only available tool to face SARS-CoV-2, and it should not be treated differently in patients with AI and CS.

Conclusion
SARS-CoV-2 infection has been linked to adrenal damage and AI is a rare complication in COVID-19 disease, requiring prompt recognition. Educational efforts and patient awareness may reduce COVID-19 severity in patients with AI. Control of cortisol levels and monitoring of complications may improve the clinical course of COVID-19 in patients with CS.
Under-reporting of forensic findings: craniocervical emergency imaging in cases of survived hanging
Authors: Heimer J. , Arneberg L. , Blunier S. , Klukowska-Rötzler J. , Gonzenbach A. G. , Exadaktylos A. , Ruder T. , Wagner F. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
To determine the diagnostic bias between clinical and forensic radiology in cases of nonfatal hanging and determine and describe typical underreported imaging findings. In a retrospective, single-center study, all patients admitted for attempted suicide with near-hanging or fatal hanging between January 2008 and December 2020 who received CT or MRI of head and neck were reviewed and missed findings in the original report were documented. A binary regression with disagreement as dependent variable was fitted for the imaging modality, fatality, age, and sex. A total of 123 hanging incidents were retrospectively analyzed. The vast majority (n = 108; 87.8%) had attempted suicide with a nonfatal outcome. Fatal outcome occurred in 15 (12.0%). The extra- and intracranial injuries documented on CT and MRI scans were laryngeal (n = 8; 6.5%), soft tissue (n = 42; 34.1%), and vascular injuries (n = 1; 0.8%). Intracranial pathology was evident on 18 (14.6%) scans. Disagreement occurred in 36 (29.3%) cases and represented 52 (69.2%) of all cases with a radiological finding. Disagreement was strongly associated with fatality (OR: 2.7–44.9.4, p = 0.0012). In most cases, nonfatal hangings cause no or only minor injuries. Fatal cases are associated with a greater probability of missed minor imaging findings. This suggests that findings deemed clinically irrelevant are probably not reported in such severe emergency cases. This association indicates that minor abnormalities are underreported when major pathologies are evident on imaging in victims of strangulation.
Implications of energy poverty and climate change in Italian regions
Authors: Berti Krizia , Bienvenido-Huertas David , Bellicoso Alessandra , Rubio-Bellido Carlos 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Energy poverty is one of the main challenges that governments must address. This aspect acquires great relevance if it is combined with the expected climatic evolution trends. These climatic changes can have a major impact in countries with a significant variety of climates, such as Italy. For this reason, in this study, an analysis of the risk of energy poverty disaggregated by the regions of Italy with different climate change scenarios was carried out. For this, statistical data available from the different regions were used, and the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) climate change scenarios were considered. The analysis found that the Lombardy region could be one of the regions most affected by energy poverty. This aspect is due to the combination of factors such as the old building stock, energy demand, and the remarkable presence of vulnerable families, which causes a higher risk in the region compared to other Italian regions. On the other side, the study revealed an important risk of energy poverty in the Southern regions, which are characterized by the lowest incomes of the country and are particularly affected by the change in cooling degree days in future scenarios.
Progress in Processes and Catalysts for Dehydrogenation of Cyclohexanol to Cyclohexanone
Authors: Gong Jing , Hou Shixin , Wang Yue , Ma Xinbin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone is a crucial industrial process in the production of caprolactam and adipic acid, both of which serve as important precursors in nylon textiles. This endothermic reaction is constrained by thermodynamic equilibrium and involves a complex reaction network, leading to a heightened focus on catalysts and process design. Copper-based catalysts have been extensively studied and exhibit exceptional low-temperature catalytic performance in cyclohexanol dehydrogenation, with some being commercially used in the industry. This paper specifically concentrates on research advancement concerning active species, reaction mechanisms, factors influencing product selectivity, and the deactivation behaviors of copper-based catalysts. Moreover, a brief introduction to the new processes that break thermodynamic equilibrium via reaction coupling and their corresponding catalysts is summarized here as well. These reviews may offer guidance and potential avenues for further investigations into catalysts and processes for cyclohexanol dehydrogenation.
Effectieve suïcidepreventie-interventies en de betekenis voor het Nederlandse werkveld en de Landelijke Agenda Suïcidepreventie
Authors: Van der Feltz-Cornelis Christina M. , de Jong Jacobus J. , Bakker Marjan , Van Nieuwenhuizen Chijs 
Published: June 2023

SamenvattingDit artikel geeft een overzicht van effectieve suïcidepreventie-interventies en hun betekenis voor het Nederlandse werkveld en de Landelijke Agenda Suïcidepreventie. We bespreken een in 2020 gepubliceerde systematische review die het effect van preventieve interventies op suïcides en suïcidepogingen evalueerde, en geven een update van de ontwikkelingen daarna. Zestien onderzoeken met 252.932 participanten lieten zien dat er effectieve suïcidepreventie-interventies bestaan, zowel voor het voorkómen van suïcides, als van suïcidepogingen. Multi-level-interventies hebben grotere effecten dan uni-level-interventies. Vooral keteninterventies die nadrukkelijk de verbinding tussen identificatie van mensen met suïciderisico op populatieniveau en toegang tot specialistische zorg leggen, verdienen landelijke prioriteit. Een digitaal beslissingsondersteunend instrument voor hulpverleners en ketenpartners van alle niveaus kan uitkomst bieden. Dit instrument werd ontwikkeld binnen SUPREMOCOL, een onderzoek naar de effectiviteit van een systeeminterventie voor suïcidepreventie, uitgevoerd in de provincie Noord-Brabant, dat significante resultaten had in het voorkómen van suïcide. Het is het enige wetenschappelijk onderzoek in Nederland dat expliciet suïcide en suïcidepogingen als uitkomsten van een suïcidepreventie-interventie evalueert. In Nederland is dat nodig in het kader van de Landelijke Agenda Suïcidepreventie.
De registratie van niet-fatale suïcidepogingen in Nederland
Authors: Schweren Lizanne J. S. , van Zwieten Noa , Gilissen Renske 
Published: June 2023

SamenvattingHet aantal niet-fatale suïcidepogingen dat jaarlijks in Nederland plaatsvindt is niet bekend, en ook over de samenstelling van de groep mensen die een suïcidepoging overleeft weten we weinig. Binnen het project ‘Registratie van niet-fatale suïcidepogingen’ worden bestaande data uit uiteenlopende bronnen (bijvoorbeeld spoedeisendehulpposten, Nationale Politie) bijeengebracht om te komen tot een landelijk beeld van niet-fatale suïcidepogingen in Nederland. Accuraat inzicht in het vóórkomen van suïcidepogingen in Nederland bevordert wetenschappelijk onderzoek, faciliteert de tijdige detectie van trends in de samenleving, kan richting geven aan (gezondheids)beleid en stimuleert de verbetering van de kwaliteit van zorg voor mensen die een suïcidepoging overleven.
Mechanisms and the problem of abstract models
Authors: Carrillo Natalia , Knuuttila Tarja 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNew mechanical philosophy posits that explanations in the life sciences involve the decomposition of a system into its entities and their respective activities and organization that are responsible for the explanandum phenomenon. This mechanistic account of explanation has proven problematic in its application to mathematical models, leading the mechanists to suggest different ways of aligning abstract models with the mechanist program. Initially, the discussion centered on whether the Hodgkin-Huxley model is explanatory. Network models provided another complication, as they apply to a wide number of materially diverse systems. In this article, we examine the various attempts to integrate abstract models within the mechanist program, also presenting a further challenge: the Heimburg-Jackson model, which was introduced as an alternative to the Hodgkin-Huxley model. We argue that although the notion of abstraction as the omission of irrelevant mechanistic details appears to give a mechanistic solution for accommodating abstract models, this notion does not suit models whose epistemic strategy is not decompositional. As a result, the mechanist has to choose whether to dilute the mechanistic approach nearly beyond recognition or to claim that many, if not most, abstract theoretical models do not deliver mechanistic explanations, or qualify as explanatory at all.
Investigation of the Wabe River water’s suitability for drinking purposes and aquatic life and detection of pollution sources
Authors: Kasa Tilahun , Reddythota Daniel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWabe River is a vital source of drinking water, irrigation for agriculture, and income for the local residents. However, the river's declining quality has led to an increase in waterborne infections and made it appear muddier. The study's objective was to evaluate the Wabe river water quality using 23 different water quality parameters to calculate the Weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index (WAWQI), Metal Index (MI), Pollution Index (PI), and Potential Ecological Risk Index (PERI). The origins and hydro-chemical makeup of the river water were also ascertained using Piper diagrams and Gibb's plots. During the wet season, the WAWQI results revealed that the River water is unfit for drinking, which range from 205.4 to 487.8 (> 100) at all sampling stations. During the dry season, the water quality ranged from good to unsuitable (48.7–101.4). Similarly, the results of the Metal Index were greater than 1(MI > 1) indicates ‘Threshold of warning’ for drinking and aquatic life in both seasons. Pollution index results showed ‘seriously’ effect on aquatic life. However, the risk level posed by those metals according to PERI was in the range of 436.9 (Strong) to 1714.1 (Very high) and 288.5 (Moderate) to 704.3 (Very high) during the wet and dry seasons, respectively. The sources of contamination were confirmed by Gibb's plots as rock weathering, evaporation, and anthropogenic activities, and the water type was classified as calcium-magnesium-chloride by the piper diagram. Controlling the sources of pollution is necessary for preserving the Wabe River's sustainability.
Multidrug-resistant isolates from Ukrainian patients in a German health facility: a genomic surveillance study focusing on antimicrobial resistance and bacterial relatedness
Authors: Stein Claudia , Zechel Maria , Spott Riccardo , Pletz Mathias W. , Kipp Frank 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Antimicrobial resistance is a pressing issue in Ukraine, with healthcare-associated infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms being a major concern. A recent prospective multicenter study revealed a staggering rate of 48.4% antimicrobial resistance to carbapenems among Enterobacterales causing a healthcare-associated infection. We conducted a systematic survey to investigate the incidence rate and incidence density of carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria (CPGN) among refugees and war-wounded Ukrainians in connection with the German health system.

Methods
From the onset of the war until November 2022, seven Ukrainian patients were admitted to our hospital. Upon admission, screening samples and samples from the focus of suspected infection were taken from all seven patients. The incidence rate and the incidence density of CPGN were calculated as a result of the microbiological findings. We sequenced all CPGN using Illumina technology.

Results
The incidence rate of CPGN at our hospital was 0.06 for 2021 and 0.18 for 2022. All seven Ukrainian patients were infected or colonized with at least one CPGN, including K. pneumoniae (14/25), P. aeruginosa (6/25), A. baumannii (1/25), Providencia stutartii (1/25), C. freundii (1/25), and E. coli (2/25). Genomic surveillance revealed that (i) most frequently detected carbapenemases among all sequenced isolates were blaNDM (17/25) and blaOXA-48 (6/25), (ii) most commonly observed plasmid replicons among the K. pneumoniae isolates recovered from Ukrainian patients were Col(pHAD28) (12/14), IncHI1B(pNDM-MAR) (9/14), IncFIB(pNDM-Mar) (12/14), and (iii) clonal relation between the pathogens of the Ukrainian isolates, but not for the isolates from our hospital surveillance system.

Conclusion
The rising prevalence of community-acquired colonization and infection with CPGN is having a direct effect on the infection prevention measures, such as higher number of isolations, reprocessing of patient rooms, additional microbiological testing and overall organization within hospitals.
The effectiveness of digital gaming on the functioning and activity of older people living in long-term care facilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kukkohovi Saara , Siira Heidi , Arolaakso Sari , Miettunen Jouko , Elo Satu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The population is aging globally. Older people living in long-term care facilities have many functional impairments, such as mobility problems and depression. Digital games and so-called exergames can offer a motivating and entertaining way to maintain older people’s physical activity and thus their ability to function. However, previous studies have reported conflicting results about the effects of digital gaming and have focused on community-dwelling older people.

Objective
To identify, critically appraise, and synthesize evidence about the effectiveness of digital games on older people’s physical, psychological, and social functioning and physical and social activity in long-term care facilities.

Methods
Five databases were systematically searched, and relevant studies were screened. Fifteen randomized-controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies (total N = 674) were included in meta-analysis.

Results
All digital games used in interventions were exergames. Meta-analysis showed that exergame interventions have a statistically significant large effect on physical functioning [number of studies (N) = 6, standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.97, p = 0.001] measured by Timed Up and Go or Short Physical Performance Battery and self-assessed physical activity (N = 3, SMD = 1.20, p < 0.001) and medium effect on social functioning (N = 5, SMD = 0.74, p = 0.016) compared to alternative intervention or no intervention. Social activity was not measured in any study.

Conclusions
The results are encouraging that exergames effectively increase the functioning and activity of older adults living in long-term facilities. Successful implementation of such activities requires the competence of nursing staff and rehabilitation professionals in digitalization.
The determinants of board size in Italian State-owned enterprises operating in water industry
Authors: Cersosimo Cristina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study investigates what are the determinants of board size in Italian water State-owned enterprises. The analysis has been conducted on a sample of 105 Italian water State-owned enterprises. Furthermore, data for the year 2018 have been used to run an ordinary least squares statistical model. Most relevant findings suggest that the two ownership structure variables, expressed through the number of public owners and the degree of direct public ownership, are statistically and significantly related to board size. Specifically, the number of public owners is positively and significantly related to board size. Conversely, the degree of the direct public ownership is negatively and significantly related to board size. The investigation provides a contribution for academics and policy-makers. Given the essentiality of water resource for humanity and future generations, the study emphasizes the need to ensure the inclusion of citizens in Italian water SOEs’ ownership and boardroom as a pragmatic and functional reality.
CMIP6 models simulate heavier future rainfall over the Highlands than across other agricultural areas of Yemen
Authors: Gadain Hussein , Libanda Brigadier 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe climate of Yemen remains largely unstudied, leading to major uncertainties and a lack of understanding of future extreme rainfall events and how they are likely to affect agriculture. Here, we examine future heavy rainfall events for the period 2025–2100 using the latest state-of-the-art Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP 6). Based on differences in rainfall regimes, we divided the study area into two distinct parts: Highlands and the Red Sea Coast & Tihama Plain region. Analyzing annual total precipitation when daily precipitation exceeds the 95th percentile of wet day precipitation (R95p), we found that models predict 16–25% heavier future rainfall over the Highlands than across the Tihama Plain and other agricultural parts of Yemen. By mid-century, the Highlands will experience ~ 25% heavier rainfall than other agricultural areas under SSP2-4.5 and ~ 16% heavier under SSP5-8.5. In both cases, the risk of rejecting the null hypothesis (H0) when it is true is lower than 5%. These results suggest that whether the current status quo of emissions continues, or the radiative forcing level is stabilized at 4.5 W/m2, heavy rainfall events are projected to increase more over the Highlands than over other agricultural areas of Yemen. Considering the projected increase in heavy rainfall events, we argue that Yemen desperately needs investments and innovations that will foster readiness and overall climate disaster preparedness. Efforts and investments will need to be directed more toward bridging the gap between producers of climate information and end users. Ultimately, these efforts will contribute to shaping the future of farmer decision support across Yemen.
Hegel and China: Beyond Liberalism and Communitarianism
Authors: Jing Qi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In the aftermath of the publication of Alasdair MacIntyre's “After Virtue and Michael Sandel's Liberalism” and the “Limits of Justice in the early 1980s”, the debate between communitarians and liberals began to influence political philosophy in Anglo-American academia. The debate centers on the socio-political nature of the self, traditions, community values, and the role of context in shaping our moral and political reasoning. Communitarians emphasize the priority of community, while liberals prefer the significance of individual rights and freedoms. This paper argues that although both sides of the debate are partially correct, taken alone, their positions are incomplete. What is needed is a higher-order theory that can unite them and preserve their partial truths without repeating their errors. With proper readings, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel's political and social philosophy accomplishes that by providing a coherent systematic political theory that harmonises the claims of the individual and the community, freedom and context, part and whole, universal and particular, and subjectivity and objectivity. More importantly, this paper also demonstrates the capacity of Hegel’s political philosophy to provide insights for modern China.
Strongly aperiodic SFTs on generalized Baumslag–Solitar groups
Authors: AUBRUN NATHALIE , BITAR NICOLÁS , HURIOT-TATTEGRAIN SACHA 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe look at constructions of aperiodic subshifts of finite type (SFTs) on fundamental groups of graph of groups. In particular, we prove that all generalized Baumslag-Solitar groups (GBS) admit a strongly aperiodic SFT. Our proof is based on a structural theorem by Whyte and on two constructions of strongly aperiodic SFTs on
$\mathbb {F}_n\times \mathbb {Z}$
and
$BS(m,n)$
of our own. Our two constructions rely on a path-folding technique that lifts an SFT on
$\mathbb {Z}^2$
inside an SFT on
$\mathbb {F}_n\times \mathbb {Z}$
or an SFT on the hyperbolic plane inside an SFT on
$BS(m,n)$
. In the case of
$\mathbb {F}_n\times \mathbb {Z}$
, the path folding technique also preserves minimality, so that we get minimal strongly aperiodic SFTs on unimodular GBS groups.