bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of low luminance on face recognition in adults with central and peripheral vision loss
Authors: Venugopal Dinesh , Wood Joanne M. , Black Alex A. , Bentley Sharon A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the effect of low luminance on face recognition, specifically facial identity discrimination (FID) and facial expression recognition (FER), in adults with central vision loss (CVL) and peripheral vision loss (PVL) and to explore the association between clinical vision measures and low luminance FID and FER.MethodsParticipants included 33 adults with CVL, 17 with PVL and 20 controls. FID and FER were assessed under photopic and low luminance conditions. For the FID task, 12 sets of three faces with neutral expressions were presented and participants asked to indicate the odd‐face‐out. For FER, 12 single faces were presented and participants asked to name the expression (neutral, happy or angry). Photopic and low luminance visual acuity (VA) and contrast sensitivity (CS) were recorded for all participants and for the PVL group, Humphrey Field Analyzer (HFA) 24‐2 mean deviation (MD).ResultsFID accuracy in CVL, and to a lesser extent PVL, was reduced under low compared with photopic luminance (mean reduction 20% and 8% respectively; p < 0.001). FER accuracy was reduced only in CVL (mean reduction 25%; p < 0.001). For both CVL and PVL, low luminance and photopic VA and CS were moderately to strongly correlated with low luminance FID (ρ = 0.61–0.77, p < 0.05). For PVL, better eye HFA 24‐2 MD was moderately correlated with low luminance FID (ρ = 0.54, p = 0.02). Results were similar for low luminance FER. Together, photopic VA and CS explained 75% of the variance in low luminance FID, and photopic VA explained 61% of the variance in low luminance FER. Low luminance vision measures explained little additional variance.ConclusionLow luminance significantly reduced face recognition, particularly for adults with CVL. Worse VA and CS were associated with reduced face recognition. Clinically, photopic VA is a good predictor of face recognition under low luminance conditions.
A prospective comparison of invasive and non‐invasive blood pressure in children undergoing cardiac catheterization
Authors: Beringer Richard , Keith Alastair , Jones Elin , Murphy Tim , White Paul 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundBlood pressure measurement is a standard of monitoring during general anesthesia. Invasive measurement is considered the gold standard but is less commonly used than non‐invasive. Automated oscillometric blood pressure devices measure the mean arterial pressure (MAP) and use an algorithm to determine the systolic and diastolic pressures. Few devices have been validated in children, particularly during anesthesia. Few studies have assessed the agreement between invasive and non‐invasive blood pressure measurements in children.MethodsThis was a multi‐center prospective observational study of children under 16 years undergoing cardiac catheterization with general anesthesia. Paired invasive and non‐invasive blood pressure measurements were recorded for each patient during stable periods of the procedure. Correlation within and between sites was assessed with Pearson's correlation coefficient, and agreement was examined using Bland–Altman methodology to determine bias. Agreement during episodes of hypotension and for age and weight was also determined. Bias greater than 5 mmHg and standard deviation greater than 8 mmHg was considered clinically significant. The primary end point was agreement of MAP measurements.ResultsA total of 683 paired blood pressure values were collected from 254 children in three pediatric hospitals. Median [IQR] age and weight were 3 [1–7] years and 13.9 [8–23] Kg. The overall bias (SD) for mean arterial pressure values was 7.2 (11.4) mmHg. During hypotension (190 readings), the bias (SD) was 15 (11.0) mmHg. The non‐invasive MAP was frequently higher than invasive MAP during infancy, and lower in older children.ConclusionAutomated oscillometric blood pressure measurement is unreliable in anesthetized children during cardiac catheterization. Invasive pressure measurement should be considered for high‐risk cases.
A high‐efficiency gene silencing in plants using two‐hit asymmetrical artificial MicroRNAs
Authors: Teotia Sachin , Wang Xiaoran , Zhou Na , Wang Mengmeng , Liu Haiping , Qin Jun , Han Dianwei , Li Chingwen , Li Christine E. , Pan Shangjin , Tang Haifeng , Kang Wenjun , Zhang Zhanhui , Tang Xiaoqing , Peng Ting , Tang Guiliang 
Published: July 2023

SummaryMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non‐coding RNA molecules that play a crucial role in gene regulation. They are produced through an enzyme‐guided process called dicing and have an asymmetrical structure with two nucleotide overhangs at the 3′ ends. Artificial microRNAs (amiRNAs or amiRs) are designed to mimic the structure of miRNAs and can be used to silence specific genes of interest. Traditionally, amiRNAs are designed based on an endogenous miRNA precursor with certain mismatches at specific positions to increase their efficiency. In this study, the authors modified the highly expressed miR168a in Arabidopsis thaliana by replacing the single miR168 stem‐loop/duplex with tandem asymmetrical amiRNA duplexes that follow the statistical rules of miRNA secondary structures. These tandem amiRNA duplexes, called “two‐hit” amiRNAs, were shown to have a higher efficiency in silencing GFP and endogenous PDS reporter genes compared to traditional “one‐hit” amiRNAs. The authors also demonstrated the effectiveness of “two‐hit” amiRNAs in silencing genes involved in miRNA, tasiRNA, and hormone signalling pathways, individually or in families. Importantly, “two‐hit” amiRNAs were also able to over‐express endogenous miRNAs for their functions. The authors compare “two‐hit” amiRNA technology with CRISPR/Cas9 and provide a web‐based amiRNA designer for easy design and wide application in plants and even animals.
Association of CXCR1 gene polymorphism with clinical mastitis, reproductive disorders and performance traits in Hardhenu (Bos taurus × Bos indicus) cattle
Authors:   Pushpa, Magotra Ankit , Bangar Y. C. , Patil C. S. ,   Kamaldeep, Sindhu Vikas , Malik Deepak , Chaudhary Pradeep , Garg Asha Rani , Kumar Sandeep 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe present study investigated the presence of CXCR1 gene polymorphisms and their association with clinical mastitis, reproductive disorders and performance traits in Hardhenu cattle. Genotyping of the targeted SNP rs211042414 (C>T) at the g.106216468 loci of the CXCR1 gene was performed through PCR amplification and Bsa1 restriction enzyme digestion. The genotypic frequencies revealed three genotypes: CC, CT and TT, with the C allele being the most prevalent. Significant associations were found between the targeted SNP and clinical mastitis occurrence using chi‐square and logistic regression analyses. The CC genotype showed higher susceptibility to clinical mastitis with a higher odds ratio of 3.47 compared to TT (1.00) and CT (2.90) genotypes (p < .05). Furthermore, least squares analysis revealed significant associations between genotypes and performance traits such as total milk yield, 305‐day milk yield and peak yield (p < .05). The CC genotype exhibited higher milk yields than CT and TT genotypes, indicating a positive association between the C allele and increased milk production. These findings have practical implications for the genetic improvement of Hardhenu cattle. Incorporating the identified CXCR1 gene polymorphisms into existing selection criteria can help enhance disease resistance and milk production traits. However, further validation with a larger sample size is necessary to strengthen the observed associations and ensure their practical applicability.
Victor Pelevin and the Aesthetics of Neoreaction
Authors: Vinokour Maya 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article investigates the connections between Victor Pelevin’s recent work and neoreactionary (NRx) discourse, especially the writings of accelerationist philosopher Nick Land and right‐wing “neocameralist” blogger Mencius Moldbug (aka Curtis Yarvin). Though the linguistic and cultural spaces they occupy are seemingly disjoint, the Russian postmodernist and Anglo‐American NRx in fact share intellectual and aesthetic positions. Pelevin's engagement with NRx thought is at once extremely serious—in the sense of being well researched and relatively faithful to the movement's terminology and conceptual apparatus—and apparently parodic. A longtime expert in trolling the reader even before the practice was “radicalized online,” as it were, Pelevin has updated his technique to lambaste common far‐right bugaboos like “political correctness” and “feminism.” As was the case with late‐Soviet stiob, whose mantle he inherits and adapts to the digital era, Pelevin’s mockery manages to eviscerate his targets while allowing room for reasonable doubt as to their precise identity. His possibly mocking, possibly genuine appropriation of far‐right ideology is the latest manifestation of a years‐long critique of discursive and political power that began with the skewering of Soviet authority and spoofs of post‐Soviet neoliberal virtuality, and now continues with attacks on the “blue‐pilled” doyens of Western‐style cultural norms.
Endocytic pathways of pathogenic protein aggregates in neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Hivare Pravin , Mujmer Kratika , Swarup Gitanjali , Gupta Sharad , Bhatia Dhiraj 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEndocytosis is the fundamental uptake process through which cells internalize extracellular materials and species. Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are characterized by a progressive accumulation of intrinsically disordered protein species, leading to neuronal death. Misfolding in many proteins leads to various NDs such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and other disorders. Despite the significance of disordered protein species in neurodegeneration, their spread between cells and the cellular uptake of extracellular species is not entirely understood. This review discusses the major internalization mechanisms of the different conformer species of these proteins and their endocytic mechanisms. We briefly introduce the broad types of endocytic mechanisms found in cells and then summarize what is known about the endocytosis of monomeric, oligomeric and aggregated conformations of tau, Aβ, α‐Syn, Huntingtin, Prions, SOD1, TDP‐43 and other proteins associated with neurodegeneration. We also highlight the key players involved in internalizing these disordered proteins and the several techniques and approaches to identify their endocytic mechanisms. Finally, we discuss the obstacles involved in studying the endocytosis of these protein species and the need to develop better techniques to elucidate the uptake mechanisms of a particular disordered protein species.
An unusual identification ofRickettsia parkeriin synanthropic rodents and domiciliated dogs of a rural community from Yucatán, Mexico
Authors: Arroyo‐Ramírez Abigail , Lugo‐Caballero César , Panti‐May J. Alonso , Reyes‐Novelo Enrique , Rodríguez‐Vivas Roger I. , Noh‐Pech Henry , Suárez‐Galaz Alejandro , Osorio‐Primo Tana , Puerto Fernando I. , Dzul‐Rosado Karla , Torres‐Castro Marco 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRickettsia parkeribelongs to the spotted fever group (SFG) of theRickettsiagenus. This bacterium causes mild rickettsiosis in humans and is mainly transmitted byAmblyommaticks. Its medical importance is emerging in the Americas, including Mexico. Synanthropic rodents and domiciled dogs participate as accidental hosts in epidemiological cycles ofRickettsiaof the SFG. The aim is to report the presence ofR. parkeriin synanthropic rodents and domiciled dogs from a rural community of Yucatán, Mexico. Rodents were captured, and plasma samples were taken from dogs in 48 households from Ucú, Yucatán, Mexico. A spleen sample (rodents) and plasma (dogs) were used in the propagation ofRickettsia on Vero cells. These infected cells were used in the extraction of genomic DNA.RickettsiaDNA was identified using a semi‐nested PCR (snPCR); some products were sent for sequencing. The recovered sequences were analysed with bioinformatics programs, and a phylogenetic tree was built to determine theRickettsiaspecies. One hundred animals were sampled: 36 synanthropic rodents and 64 dogs. The snPCR evidenced the presence ofRickettsiaDNA in 10 rodents (10/36, 27.8%) and 18 dogs (18/64, 28.1%), which represents a global frequency of 28% (28/100) in this study. The bioinformatics analysis yielded homology toR. parkeriand was demonstrated in the phylogenetic tree. The first evidence of the presence ofR. parkeriin synanthropic rodents (Mus musculus) from Mexico is presented; likewise, the participation of domestic dogs in the transmission cycle of this bacterium with potential importance in public health is confirmed.
Flipped Classroom in Secondary School or High School Education: A Review of Its Advantages and Challenges
Authors: Md Desa Nurul Aini , Abd Halim Noor Dayana 
Published: July 2023

Advanced technology in education provides various facilities to enhance students’ learning. The evolution of technology has become an integral part of sustaining life, especially in education. The technology in education develops and continues its development with innovative learning approaches to sustain the needs of the 21st-century learning environment. The transformation in the educational field takes out the existence of a new strategy that is flipped classroom learning approach. A flipped classroom is a learning approach that is a type of blended learning that involves face-to-face and online learning instruction. The flipped classroom is a pedagogical approach in which learning activities that have traditionally taken place inside the classroom occur outside the classroom and vice versa. Flipped classroom provides an interactive learning environment where teachers guide students as they engage actively in the subject matter. Thus, this paper will review the recent literature regarding the potential of flipped classroom technology in education and explore its advantages and challenges. The review describes the potential of the flipped classroom in various fields of education, including Chemistry, Physics, Mathematics, Biology, and Civics at secondary school or high school level. Searching of the literature was obtained from several databases by using certain Boolean queries when searching the keywords. Ten papers were selected according to the specific criteria. This paper concludes the advantages and challenges during the implementation of FC. The advantages of flipped classsroom are increased students’ motivation during learning processes, providing active learning, increasing learning perception, increasing learning engagement, enhancing knowledge, increasing teacher-student interaction, increasing peer interaction, enhancing creativity and helping to improve students’ achievement and performance. The challenges of FC are the time-consuming for teachers to prepare the learning materials, lack of teachers’ technical skills to produce learning videos, lack of students’ motivation to watch the pre-class video, and the difficulty of students to understand the contents presented in the learning video. Based on these challenges, this paper provides the literature recommendations that can help to produce effective flipped classroom environments in the future.
Enhancing the Reliability of Series-Parallel Systems With Multiple Redundancies by Using System-Reliability Inequalities
Authors: Todinov Michael T. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The reverse engineering of a valid algebraic inequality often leads to a novel physical reality characterized by a distinct signature: the algebraic inequality itself. This paper uses reverse engineering of valid algebraic inequalities for generating new knowledge and substantially improving the reliability of common series-parallel systems. Our study emphasizes that in the case of series-parallel systems with interchangeable redundant components, the asymmetric arrangement of redundancies always leads to higher system reliability than a symmetric arrangement. This finding remains valid, irrespective of the particular reliabilities characterizing the components. Next, the paper also presents algebraic inequalities whose reverse engineering enabled significant enhancement of the reliability of series-parallel systems with asymmetric arrangements of redundant components, irrespective of the component reliabilities. Lastly, the paper presents a new technique for validating complex algebraic inequalities associated with reliability of series-parallel systems. This technique relies on a permutation of variable values and the method of segmentation.
Power Law Creep Behavior Model of Third Generation Lead-Free Alloys Considering Isothermal Aging
Authors: Belhadi Mohamed El Amine , Hamasha Sa'd , Alahmer Ali , Wei Xin , Alakayleh Abdallah 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In realistic applications, the solder joint is continually subjected to thermal-mechanical stress due to the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the printed circuit board substrate and the electronic packaging components. Creep and fatigue processes were the most common causes of failure in electronic assemblies. Under isothermal aging, creep deformation becomes more prominent. The aged microstructure was recognized by intermetallic coarsening and the appearance of intergranular fracture generated by dynamic recrystallization in the bulk solder joint. In this study, the influence of Bi content on the creep behaviors of solder joints was investigated under various aging conditions. Three lead-free solder alloys, including SAC305, SAC-3Bi, and SAC-6Bi, are tested at room temperature. For each alloy, preliminary micro-indentation tests were conducted to define three stress levels for distinct aging conditions. After each test, displacement versus time data was gathered. A novel approach based on an empirical model was developed to systematically examine the development of the steady-state creep rate. A power dependency prediction model was developed to investigate the relationship between creep strain rate and stress levels. The steady-state creep rate of SAC305 is significantly higher than that of SAC-Bi alloys owing to the presence of bismuth (Bi) in the solid solution at room temperature. The creep properties showed less variation after 100 h of aging. SAC-Bi alloys showed less coarsening of the intermetallic compounds precipitates after aging than SAC305. In the SAC-Bi solder alloys, combinations of precipitate and solid solution hardening mechanisms were observed, while Ag3Sn particles were the dominant strengthening mechanism in the SAC305 alloy system.
The Creation of Complex Multi-Component Models of Mössbauer Spectra Based on the Example of a Study of Hyperfine Interactions in Quasi-Binary Alloys with the Laves Phase Structure
Authors: Matsnev M. E. , Rusakov V. S. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we describe a method for creating new custom models of partial Mössbauer spectra based on the existing ones built into the SpectrRelax program without changing the program itself by writing code fragments in the built-in Lua programming language. The extension of the capabilities of the SpectrRelax program is demonstrated using the example of studying hyperfine interactions of 57Fe nuclei in quasibinary Tb(Fe0.8Al0.2)2 and Ho(Fe0.8Mn0.2)2 alloys with the C15 Laves phase structure. A model for processing the spectra, which simultaneously takes the composite and magnetic nonequivalence of the positions of Fe atoms in these alloys, has been created and used, which makes it possible to obtain new data about the orientation of the axis of the easiest magnetization, the anisotropy of the hyperfine magnetic field, and the effect of substitution of Al and Mn atoms for Fe atoms on hyperfine parameters of Mössbauer spectra.
Using a Neural Network to Study the Effect of the Means of Synthesizing Exfoliated Graphite on Its Macropore Structure
Authors: Krautsou A. , Shornikova O. N. , Avdeev V. V. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Graphite intercalated compounds (GICs) with different stage numbers are prepared chemically from highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG), natural flaked graphite (FG) and nitric acid. Exfoliated graphite samples (EG-T) are synthesized from GICs via water treatment followed by thermal shock. The aim of this work is to investigate the dependence of the inner EG-T pore structure on the extent of oxidation and type of graphite by processing scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs of EG-T cross sections. A procedure is developed on the basis of a deep convolutional neural network that speeds up image processing with no appreciable loss of accuracy. A strong correlation is found between EG-T pore structure parameters, the depth of oxidation, and the type of graphite.
Acenaphto[1,2-k]fluoranthene: Role of the Carbon Framework Transformation for Tuning Electronic Properties
Authors: Brotsman V. A. , Lukonina N. S. , Rybalchenko A. V. , Kosaya M. P. , Ioffe I. N. , Lysenko K. A. , Sidorov L. N. , Pshenichnyuk S. A. , Asfandiarov N. L. , Goryunkov A. A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Acenaphtho[1,2-k]fluoranthene (1) is synthesized via tandem cyclization during the dehydrofluorination of 1,4-di(1-naphthyl)-2,5-difluorobenzene (2) on activated γ-Al2O3. Presence of residual hydroxyl groups in alumina reduce the yield of target product 1 because of the side hydrolysis of fluoroarenes with the formation a product of partial cyclization, 9-(1-naphthyl)fluoranthen-8-ol (1b). The formation of negative ions (NI) of compounds 1 and 2 in the gas phase is studied by means of dissociative electron attachment (DEA) spectroscopy. Long-lived molecular NIs 1 and 2 are registered at the thermal energies of electrons, and patterns of their fragmentation are established. The adiabatic electron affinities of compounds 1 and 2 are estimated in the Arrhenius approximation and equal 1.17 ± 0.12 and 0.71 ± 0.07 eV, respectively, which agree with data from quantum chemical modeling at the level of the density functional theory (DFT). Electronic transitions for compounds 1 and 2 are studied via optical absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. Fluorescence quantum yields are measured, and the resulting data are interpreted according to the time dependent DFT. The electrochemical properties of compounds 1, 1b, and 2 are studied via cyclic voltamperometry, and the levels of boundary molecular orbitals are estimated on the basis of their formal potentials of reduction and oxidation.
Cluster Variation for Spatially Distributed Heterogeneous Systems
Authors: Votyakov E. V. , Tovbin Yu. K. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Fundamentals of cluster variation (CV) are developed for locally heterogeneous spatially distributed systems. The theory is based on the principles of homogeneous CV in which all variants of the location of the basis cluster on a heterogeneous lattice are additionally considered when it is translated over the system. The structure of the statistical sum of homogeneous CV is shown to remain upon moving to a heterogeneous or homogeneous spatially distributed lattice. However, cofactors of the statistical sum, which previously corresponded to homogeneous clusters, must now consider all arrangements of heterogeneous sites inside each cluster. The general approach is to use a layered structure of the transitional region with variable density between vapor and fluid on a planar square lattice. Explicit expressions for a heterogeneous statistical sum of the transitional region are given on the basis of a 3 × 3 cluster. Using a 2 × 2 cluster, it is shown how an explicit equation for the equilibrium particle distribution in the transitional region can be obtained from the heterogeneous statistical sum. A gradual increase in the size of the m × n basis cluster in the transitional region converges to the exact solution.