bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
De Ritis ratio and long‐term major cardiovascular adverse events in patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Ndrepepa Gjin , Holdenrieder Stefan , Kastrati Adnan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe association of aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase ratio (De Ritis ratio) with clinical outcomes in patients with chronic coronary syndromes (CCS) remains unclear. This study aims to assess the association of De Ritis ratio with adverse cardiovascular events in patients with CCS.Materials and MethodsThe study included 5020 patients with CCS undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Patients were categorized into groups according to tertiles of the De Ritis ratio: tertile 1 (De Ritis ratio: <.75; n = 1688 patients), tertile 2 (De Ritis ratio: .75–1.08; n = 1666 patients) and tertile 3 (De Ritis ratio: >1.08; n = 1666 patients). The primary endpoint was 3‐year mortality.ResultsAt 3 years, there were 384 deaths, 176 myocardial infarctions and 61 strokes. In groups with De Ritis in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd tertiles, deaths occurred in 5.0%, 7.5% and 14.5% of the patients, respectively (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.09, 95% confidence interval [1.06–1.12], p < .001); myocardial infarctions occurred in 2.6%, 3.5% and 5.1% of the patients, respectively (p < .001); strokes occurred in 1.0%, 1.2% and 1.9% of the patients, respectively (p = .030); bleeding at 30 days (n = 112) occurred in 1.4%, 1.6% and 3.7% of the patients, respectively (p < .001). The C‐statistic of the Cox proportional hazards model for all‐cause mortality with baseline data without the De Ritis ratio was .815 [.794–.836] and .818 [.797–.838] after the inclusion of the De Ritis ratio (delta C‐statistic = .003; p = .005).ConclusionsIn patients with CCS undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, an elevated De Ritis ratio was associated with long‐term major adverse cardiovascular events.
RETRACTED: ELSTM: An improved long short‐term memory network language model for sequence learning
Authors: Li Zhi , Wang Qing , Wang Jia‐Qiang , Qu Han‐Bing , Dong Jichang , Dong Zhi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe gated structure of the long short‐term memory (LSTM) alleviates the defects of gradient disappearance and explosion in the recurrent neural network (RNN). It has received widespread attention in sequence learning such as text analysis. Although LSTM has good performance in handling remote dependencies, information loss often occurs in long‐distance transmission. We propose a new model called ELSTM based on the computational complexity and gradient dispersion in the traditional LSTM model. This model simplifies the input gate of LSTM, reduces some time complexity by reducing some components, and improves the output gate. By introducing the exponential linear unit activation layer, the problem of gradient dispersion is alleviated. Comparing the new model with multiple existing models, when predicting language sequences, the time used by the model has been greatly reduced, and the language confusion has been reduced, showing good performance.
New approaches for a reliable fatigue life prediction of powder metallurgy components using machine learning
Authors: Leininger Dominik Sebastian , Reissner Felix‐Christian , Baumgartner Jörg 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUp to now, no consistent fatigue assessment approach of powder metallurgy (PM) components is available. For some materials and for some parameters, such as the density, a relationship to the fatigue strength is known; however, for other materials, such relationships are unknown. Based on an extensive data set with 828 test series, the present work addresses this problem by conceiving and applying five machine learning (ML)‐based approaches to increase the accuracy of the prediction of the fatigue life as well as to predict the scatter of unknown data as precisely as possible. With the elaborated procedure, on the one hand, a scatter range of can be achieved on completely unknown data. On the other hand, by using a newly defined loss function, the standard deviation of unknown data can be predicted very accurately. The findings provide the basis for further research on cost and efficiency optimized design of PM components through better estimation of fatigue life.
Macroeconomic fundamentals and cryptocurrency prices: A common trend approach
Authors: Jiang Xiaoquan , Rodríguez Iván M. , Zhang Qianying 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBased on asset pricing theory, we posit and find that equity markets and cryptocurrency markets share a common fundamental. Our cointegration tests show that the most important asset pricing primitive, consumption, can serve as the common fundamental. We further show that additional macroeconomic factors, as well as uncertainty and sentiment, all play a role in explaining the deviation from fundamentals. To understand the linkage between equity markets, cryptocurrency markets, and the macroeconomy, we suggest the following three channels: (i) portfolio allocation decisions, (ii) intermarket order flows, and (iii) technological adaption expectations.
Early modern parliamentary studies: Overview and new perspectives
Authors: Kewes Paulina , Gunn Steven , Pietrzyk‐Reeves Dorota , Seaward Paul , Sowerby Tracey , van der Meulen Jim 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this essay, we call for a new approach to representative assemblies of early modern Europe and beyond. While there are vast national historiographies on their legal constitutional structure, little effort has been made to reconstruct the cultural and transnational dimension of such bodies, a phenomenon we describe as ‘parliamentary culture’. We argue that there is much to be gained from an investigation of the culture surrounding these bodies‐ how they influenced and shaped political behaviour and were shaped by it, and how they were embedded into the thought of their time and period‐ and from seeing them as part of a set of common European traditions of political negotiation and consent. We suggest an interdisciplinary and collaborative agenda for that investigation that might lead beyond Europe too, into some of its colonies, where Europeans also encountered other traditions of negotiated discussion and agreement.
Silencing of RhoC induces macrophage M1 polarization to inhibit migration and invasion in colon cancer via regulating the PTEN/FOXO1 pathway
Authors: Yang Bin , Wang Lihua , Tian Zhiying 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRas homologue family member C (RhoC) is an oncogene in diverse types of human cancers, whereas its regulatory mechanisms involving macrophage polarization is rarely investigated. This study is designed to explore the regulatory role of RhoC in colon cancer and the underlying molecular mechanisms involving macrophage polarization. We detected RhoC expression by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and western blot, and analysed the biological function of RhoC knockdown in CC cells by the MTT, wound healing and transwell assay. Macrophage polarization‐associated markers, genes associated with migration, phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) and forkhead box O (FOXO) were determined by qRT‐PCR and western blot. The xenograft tumour mouse model was used to assess the role of RhoC in vivo. RhoC is highly expressed in CC cells. The cell viability, invasion and migration abilities of CC cells were reduced by knockdown of RhoC. RhoC knockdown promoted M1 polarization, inhibited M2 polarization and decreased levels of genes associated with migration (matrix metalloproteinase‐2 and matrix metalloproteinase‐9). Silencing of RhoC inhibited tumour growth and expression of genes associated with migration in the xenografted model. In addition, silencing of RhoC promoted PTEN/FOXO1 expression, and PTEN inhibitor (SF1670) reversed the inhibitory effects of RhoC silencing. We demonstrated that silencing of RhoC reduced CC cells invasion and migration, and tumour growth by suppressing M2 macrophage polarization via regulating the PTEN/FOXO1 pathway.
Synthesis of magnesium aluminate spinel—An overview
Authors: Baruah Biswajit , Bhattacharyya Sunipa , Sarkar Ritwik 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMagnesium aluminate spinel (MAS) is a remarkable ceramic material known for its unique combination of beneficial properties. But due to volume expansion associated with spinel formation, and the high cost of production, MAS was not commercially successful till last century. However, environmental friendliness and superior properties have helped MAS to substitute magnesia‐chrome refractories and are commercially acceptable with time. From an industrial perspective, solid‐oxide reaction route or conventional oxide mixing route is the most popular method used for the synthesis of MAS. Although there have been myriad other common routes‐coprecipitation, sol–gel, auto‐ignition, molten technique, and so forth to produce spinel, solid‐oxide reaction route is still the principal route from the industrial point of view owing to its ease of bulk production and low cost of production for refractory applications. This report attempts to accumulate the information on different synthesis techniques used for the synthesis of MAS for easy and ready reckoning.
Uroflowmetry is a viable surrogate for urethroscopy in evaluation of anatomical success following urethroplasty
Authors: Yanagi Toeki , Kanematsu Akihiro , Shimatani Kimihiro , Yamamoto Shingo 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the utility of uroflowmetry in predicting anatomical success following urethroplasty based on real‐world clinical data.MethodsData from 100 male patients who underwent urethroplasty for urethral strictures at our institute were analyzed. Postoperative anatomical success was determined as the passage of a 16.2 Fr flexible endoscope after approximately 4 months following the procedure. Sensitivity and specificity of the maximal flow rate (Qmax), average flow rate (Qave), and Qmax − Qave for anatomical success were determined, along with receiver operating characteristic analysis. The optimal cutoff was set using Youden's index.ResultsAnatomical success was observed in 67%. Voided volumes in the success and failure groups were equivalent: 252 ± 121 versus 242 ± 91 ml, respectively. In 18 cases, voided volumes were <150 ml. Parameters of uroflowmetry were all significantly higher in the anatomical success group when compared to those in the failure group: the mean value of Qmax was 26.1 versus 15.0 ml/s; Qave, 14.2 versus 9.1 ml/s; and Qmax − Qave, 11.9 versus 5.9 ml/s, respectively (p < 0.0001 for each parameter). The area under the curve was 0.8082 for Qmax, 0.7727 for Qave, and 0.8186 for Qmax − Qave. Optimal cutoff values for Qmax and Qmax − Qave were 20 and 6 ml/s, which predicted anatomical success with 86% and 87% positive predictive value, respectively.ConclusionThis analysis presents statistically valid cutoffs by which uroflowmetry can be used as a viable surrogate of anatomical success following urethroplasty in clinical practice.
Barriers to tourism participation: A case of first‐generation local community service providers
Authors: Yaja Millo , Kumar Anuj , Swamy G. Anjaneya 
Published: December 2022

AbstractParticipation in tourism businesses for the local community often comes with various challenges. A better understanding of barriers to tourism development can help manage and smoothen community participation in tourism. Over the past two decades, an effort has been made to understand the barriers to tourism, but the perspective of first‐generation community participation is not explored in the existing literature. The current study measures barriers to tourism participation through four parameters, i.e., sociocultural, infrastructural, operational, and personal barriers. The study examined the barriers of first‐generation service providers from the rural tribal belt of Arunachal Pradesh, India. Data were collected using the purposive sampling technique from various tourism and allied services owned and managed by the local tribal community. The findings indicate that barriers related to the infrastructural support system are the dominant form of barriers. In contrast, the sociocultural factors do not act as a strong barrier among service providers. However, this report defers to other studies on tribal communities that indicate specific sociocultural barriers to participating in the tourism business. The study shows that willingness and conducive sociocultural aspects alone are not sufficient to lead a profitable tourism business. Furthermore, the study also recounts the importance of external intervention for macro‐level planning in tourism infrastructure.
Sub epidermal moisture measurement and targeted SSKIN bundle interventions, a winning combination for the treatment of early pressure ulcer development
Authors: Byrne Sorcha , Patton Declan , Avsar Pinar , Strapp Helen , Budri Aglecia , O'Connor Tom , Nugent Linda , Moore Zena 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the impact of sub epidermal moisture (SEM) measurement and targeted pressure ulcer (PU) prevention, versus visual skin assessment and usual care, on mean SEM delta scores and early pressure ulcer development in acute hospital patients. A quantitative quasi‐experimental observational approach was used. A total of 149 at risk acute hospital patients took part, 78 treatment, and 71 control. SEM deltas were recorded daily for a maximum of 5 days using the SEM Scanner (Bruin Biometrics LLC, Los Angeles, California), on three sites: the sacrum, the right heel, and the left heel, with enhanced and targeted PU prevention interventions occurring in those with an elevated SEM delta scores in the treatment group. Intention to treat analysis was used to guide the final composition of results. SEM PU represents PU development as identified by 2 days of sustained abnormal SEM delta scores, ≥0.5, after day one. The mean number of days completed by participants was just under 4 days, participants had many different comorbidities, with the most common being: hypertension, cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Results showed that following the introduction of SEM guided targeted treatments, participants in the treatment group yielded a statistically significant reduction in mean SEM delta scores (MD: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.59, 0.39; P < .0001), and in the odds of developing a SEM PU (OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.24 to 1.00; P = .05). In the treatment group, none of the participants developed a visual PU, whereas, in the control group, 1.41% (n = 1/71) developed a visual PU. Based on all the results, the following is concluded, (1). There was a greater reduction in mean SEM delta scores among those cared for using SEM measurement and targeted PU prevention, versus those cared for using visual skin assessment and usual care, and (2). the mean SEM delta scores was statistically significantly lower at the study end for those who received targeted treatments based on abnormal SEM scores. More research is now needed in other and larger at‐risk groups to further validate what was found in this study.
Development and psychometric evaluation of the Emotional Intelligence Test (EMI‐T) for social care and healthcare student selection
Authors: Pienimaa Anne , Talman Kirsi , Vierula Jonna , Laakkonen Eero , Haavisto Elina 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimTo develop an emotional intelligence (EI) test and evaluate its psychometrics for social and healthcare student selection.DesignA cross‐sectional methodological design.MethodsThe test was developed based on a systematic review and focus group interviews. Content validity was evaluated with expert panels, and preliminary psychometrics with two pilot studies. Descriptive statistics, correlations and item response theory were used.Data SourcesSearch was conducted in six databases 2018. Focus group interviews were conducted with educators and professionals in 2019. Expert panels with doctoral students, researchers and educators were conducted in 2020. Pilot tests with students were conducted 2020–2021. The developed test was administered to 4808 applicants 2021.ResultsThe test included four subscales. Correlations support the test's theoretical structure. The items were mainly easy.ConclusionThe test assesses EI objectively and comprehensively. The item‐level distractor analysis can be used for further test development.ImpactsSocial care and healthcare students engage in clinical practice early in their studies, and these environments can be emotionally challenging. Assessing EI in student selection with adequate test can help the institutions of higher education to select the students with required abilities to succeed in the studies. The assessment of EI during student selection also provides information higher education institutions could use to develop and provide support interventions. The results may also encourage practice placements to include EI elements as learning objective. The results of this study and especially the use of IRT and detailed distractor analysis to evaluate the psychometric properties of EMI‐T can benefit researchers and educators that develop or evaluate objective assessment tools with multiple choice questions.Implications for the profession and/or patient careEmotional intelligence is important for students to enable professional interaction.
Geographic and climatic constraints on bioregionalization of European ants
Authors: Wang Runxi , Kass Jamie M. , Galkowski Christophe , Garcia Federico , Hamer Matthew T. , Radchenko Alexander , Salata Sebastian D. , Schifani Enrico , Yusupov Zalimkhan M. , Economo Evan P. , Guénard Benoit 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimBiogeographical regionalization is scant for most insect groups due to shortfalls in distribution and phylogenetic information, namely the Wallacean and Darwinian shortfalls respectively. Here, we focused on the European ants and compared new techniques to classical analyses based on regional lists and taxonomic methods. We asked the following: (1) Can grid‐based regionalizations using novel distribution data improve biogeographical transitions? and (2) Can phylogenetic approaches reveal new insights regarding ant evolutionary history?LocationEurope and Anatolia.TaxonAnts (Formicidae).MethodsFirst, we developed a refined database integrating the occurrences of 747 ant species across 207 regions of Europe and Anatolia, based on newly expert‐validated records derived from the existing Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics database. Using range estimates for these species derived from polygons and species distribution modelling, we produced species assemblages in 50 × 50 km grid cells. We calculated taxonomic and phylogenetic turnover of ant assemblages, then performed a hierarchical clustering procedure to delineate biogeographical structure.ResultsAt both the regional list and grid assemblage levels, the Mediterranean has higher turnover and more biogeographical regions than northern Europe, both taxonomically and phylogenetically. Delineations based on grid assemblages detected more detailed biogeographical transitions, while those based on regional lists showed stronger insularity in biogeographical structure. The phylogenetic regionalization suggested a very similar spatial structure but varied affinities between assemblages in comparison to the taxonomic approach.Main ConclusionsHere, we integrated expert‐validated regional lists, species distribution modelling and a recent phylogeny to tackle Wallacean and Darwinian shortfalls for an important insect group by developing a next‐generation map of biogeographical regionalization for European ants. The results of this study suggest strong constraints from geographical barriers and potential effects of climatic history on ant distributions and evolutionary history, and also provide baseline spatial information for future investigations of regional insect distributions.
Lessons, narratives, and research directions for a sustainable circular economy
Authors: Leipold Sina , Petit‐Boix Anna , Luo Anran , Helander Hanna , Simoens Machteld , Ashton Weslynne S. , Babbitt Callie W. , Bala Alba , Bening Catharina R. , Birkved Morten , Blomsma Fenna , Boks Casper , Boldrin Alessio , Deutz Pauline , Domenech Teresa , Ferronato Navarro , Gallego‐Schmid Alejandro , Giurco Damien , Hobson Kersty , Husgafvel Roope , Isenhour Cynthia , Kriipsalu Mait , Masi Donato , Mendoza Joan Manuel F. , Milios Leonidas , Niero Monia , Pant Deepak , Parajuly Keshav , Pauliuk Stefan , Pieroni Marina P. P. , Richter Jessika Luth , Saidani Michael , Smol Marzena , Peiró Laura Talens , van Ewijk Stijn , Vermeulen Walter J. V. , Wiedenhofer Dominik , Xue Bing 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe current enthusiasm for the circular economy (CE) offers a unique opportunity to advance the impact of research on sustainability transitions. Diverse interpretations of CE by scholars, however, produce partly opposing assessments of its potential benefits, which can hinder progress. Here, we synthesize policy‐relevant lessons and research directions for a sustainable CE and identify three narratives—optimist, reformist, and skeptical—that underpin the ambiguity in CE assessments. Based on 54 key CE scholars’ insights, we identify three research needs: the articulation and discussion of ontologically distinct CE narratives; bridging of technical, managerial, socio‐economic, environmental, and political CE perspectives; and critical assessment of opportunities and limits of CE science–policy interactions. Our findings offer practical guidance for scholars to engage reflexively with the rapid expansion of CE knowledge, identify and pursue high‐impact research directions, and communicate more effectively with practitioners and policymakers.
Compulsory technology adoption and adaptation in education: A looming student privacy problem
Authors: Walker Kristen L. , Bodendorf Kiya , Kiesler Tina , de Mattos Georgie , Rostom Mark , Elkordy Amr 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEducational settings worldwide have a significant impact on the early use of digital devices and online media by children. Therefore, schools' educational technology (EdTech) adoption decisions may lead to long‐term repercussions for students and society. The authors explore how schools make technology decisions on behalf of their students, focusing on the ways that privacy and data security are considered in technology adoption decisions and use. Adaptation‐level theory helps to illustrate the growing dependence on technology in compulsory educational settings, the convenience of adopting digital tools, and the risks to children that result as they use andadaptto technology. Analysis of in‐depth interviews and text analysis of public state reports indicate that confusion between information technology and EdTech consequentially leads to a “privacy‐security chasm.” Findings highlight privacy‐security challenges in K‐12 school districts and the growing need to understand student privacy protection as part of children's digital well‐being.