bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exosomal miR‐222‐3p contributes to castration‐resistant prostate cancer by activating mTOR signaling
Authors: Wang Weixi , Kong Piaoping , Feng Kangle , Liu Chunhua , Gong Xubo , Sun Tao , Duan Xiuzhi , Sang Yiwen , Jiang Yu , Li Xiang , Zhang Lingyu , Tao Zhihua , Liu Weiwei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDespite the clinical benefits of androgen deprivation therapy, most patients with advanced androgen‐dependent prostate cancer (ADPC) eventually relapse and progress to lethal androgen‐independent prostate cancer (AIPC), also termed castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). MiRNAs can be packaged into exosomes (Exos) and shuttled between cells. However, the roles and mechanisms of exosomal miRNAs involved in CRPC progression have not yet been fully elucidated. Here, we find that miR‐222‐3p is elevated in AIPC cells, which results in remarkable enhancement of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion ability. Furthermore, Exos released by AIPC cells can be uptaken by ADPC cells, thus acclimating ADPC cells to progressing to more aggressive cell types in vitro and in vivo through exosomal transfer of miR‐222‐3p. Mechanistically, Exos‐miR‐222‐3p promoted ADPC cells transformed to AIPC‐like cells, at least in part, by activating mTOR signaling through targeting MIDN. Our results show that AIPC cells secrete Exos containing miRNA cargo. These cargos can be transferred to ADPC cells through paracrine mechanisms that have a strong impact on cellular functional remodeling. The current work underscores the great therapeutic potential of targeting Exo miRNAs, either as a single agent or combined with androgen receptor pathway inhibitors for CRPC treatment.
Histopathologic findings in ointment pseudo‐cheilitis: An alert to dermatopathologists
Authors: Nico Marcello Menta Simonsen , Ollague Sierra Jose , Moya Fernanda Gonçalves , Lourenço Silvia Vanessa 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOintment pseudo‐cheilitis is a recently recognized distinctive type of self‐induced cheilitis. Lesions consist of a variable amount of crusts adhered to the vermilion. These crusts consist of dried saliva and dead cells mixed with applied medications attached to the lip surface. Patients are typically severely anxious or depressed; the condition impacts quality of life. Ointment pseudo‐cheilitis is frequently misdiagnosed as exfoliative cheilitis or cheilitis glandularis. Biopsy reports are often non‐revealing because there are no established histopathological criteria for this disease, and clinicians usually do not formulate the correct diagnostic hypothesis. Here, we present the histopathological findings of four cases of ointment pseudo‐cheilitis. The most consistent finding was the presence of laminated parakeratotic material detached from the epithelium in biopsies that are devoid of other significant diagnostic changes. This material at the lip surface possibly represents physiologic labial desquamation mixed with dried saliva and applied medication. With this report, we intend to alert dermatopathologists to the diagnosis of ointment pseudo‐cheilitis if they receive biopsies from patients who present clinically exuberant labial lesions that show only minimal histopathological changes.
The effects of canagliflozin in type 2 diabetes in subgroups defined by population‐specific body mass index: Insights from the CANVAS Program and CREDENCE trial
Authors: Yu Jie , Sweeting Arianne N. , Gianacas Chris , Houston Lauren , Lee Vivian , Fletcher Robert A. , Perkovic Vlado , Li Qiang , Neuen Brendon L. , Berwanger Otavio , Heerspink Hiddo J. L. , de Zeeuw Dick , Arnott Clare 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimTo assess the effects of canagliflozin on clinical outcomes and intermediate markers across population‐specific body mass index (BMI) categories in the CANVAS Program and CREDENCE trial.MethodsIndividual participant data were pooled and analysed in subgroups according to population‐specific BMI. The main outcomes of interest were: major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE, a composite of nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke or cardiovascular death); composite renal outcome; and changes in systolic blood pressure (SBP), body weight, albuminuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) slope. Cox proportional hazards models and mixed‐effect models were used.ResultsA total of 14 520 participants were included, of whom 9378 (65%) had obesity. Overall, canagliflozin reduced the risk of MACE (hazard ratio [HR] 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.75 to 0.93) with no heterogeneity of treatment effect across BMI subgroups (Pheterogeneity = 0.76). Similarly, canagliflozin reduced composite renal outcomes (HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.66 to 0.84) with no heterogeneity across subgroups observed (Pheterogeneity = 0.72). The effects of canagliflozin on body weight and SBP differed across BMI subgroups (Pheterogeneity <0.01 and 0.04, respectively) but were consistent for albuminuria (Pheterogeneity = 0.60). Chronic eGFR slope with canagliflozin treatment was consistent across subgroups (Pheterogeneity >0.95).ConclusionsThe cardiovascular and renal benefits of canagliflozin and its safety profile were consistent across population‐specific BMI subgroups for adults in the CANVAS Program and CREDENCE trial.
Cranial osteomyelitis caused by a nematode parasite
Authors: Zingariello Edoardo , Fews Debra , Jones Rebecca , Tremaine W.H. 
Published: September 2023

SummaryA 6‐year‐old horse was presented to a referral hospital in England for assessment of a rapidly expanding, hard swelling of the incisive region. Clinical and ancillary examinations revealed that the disease had spread beyond the incisive region, and advanced diagnostic imaging including computed tomography (CT) was recommended. Histopathology of biopsy samples taken from the lesions led to a diagnosis of a parasitic osteomyelitis caused byHalicephlobus gingivalis. The disease continued to progress rapidly, with neurological signs appearing soon after discharge from the hospital, and the horse was humanely destroyed. This report describes the computed tomographic changes associated with the lesions, treatment and clinical progression of this rare disease, which was ultimately fatal. Given the rapid progression in this case, it remains unclear if the prognosis is better if it is diagnosed early in the pathogenesis and medical and surgical treatments started earlier. CT revealed distinctive, very unusual changes that contributed to the ultimate histopathological diagnosis.
Bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum CV. Inia Sepé) responses to defoliation intensities
Authors: Giorello Leites Diego German , Sbrissia André Fisher , Da Silva Sila Carneiro 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDefoliation management is determinant of forage production and plant persistence. The objective of this study was to identify grazing suitability and stability of herbage production of INIA Sepé subjected to four intensities of defoliation (represented for sward canopies of 3, 10, 17 and 24 cm maintained constant through weekly cuts) and two rates of nitrogen fertilization (100 and 300 kg ha−1). The response variables studied were: botanical/morphological composition of the herbage mass, herbage accumulation, nutritive value, tiller population density (TPD), tiller weight (TW), leaf area index (LAI) and nitrogen nutrition index (NNI) and calculations performed relative to the tiller size × density compensation mechanism (SDC). Taller swards had smaller population of large tillers, with greater individual leaf area, showing a tiller × size density compensation response. Calculations indicated that the regression coefficient for the linear regression between TW and TPD in a log scale was close to −2.5, in agreement with the −5/2 self‐thinning rule, with variable LAI and R (ratio between tiller leaf area and volume). The exception was during year 1 for the 100 kg N ha−1, when the regression coefficient was close to −1.5. During year 2 only one replication of the 3 cm and 100 kg N ha−1 did not follow the SDC line. LAI and herbage accumulation were positively correlated with the distance between points of log(TW) × log(TPD) and an hypothetical −3/2 SDC line (p < .0001). Paspalum notatum cv. INIA Sepé shows stability of herbage accumulation and ability to adjust tiller size and population density.
Modification of the Public Attitude Towards Vaccination Scale for use in adult vaccines
Authors: Kocoglu‐Tanyer Deniz , Dengiz Kubra Sultan , Sacikara Zeynep 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundVaccination is a crucial protective intervention to prevent adult mortality and morbidity. Personal perceptions and resources have an important place in the vaccination decision.AimThis study aimed to modify the Public Attitude Towards Vaccination–Health Belief Model scale for adult vaccines and evaluate its psychometric properties.MethodsOverall, 626 people participated in this methodological study. Content validity index, confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency and item‐total score correlation were used for validity and reliability. The independent samples t test, logistic regression analysis and ROC analysis were used for criterion and concurrent validity.ResultsIn confirmatory factor analysis, values of fit indices were excellent or acceptable. The Cronbach alpha value was between 0.83 and 0.92. According to criterion validity, the susceptibility, severity, benefit, and health motivation scores of those with the vaccine were higher than those without, whereas their barrier score was lower. The barrier subscale was a risk factor, whereas the benefit score was a protective factor that increased the likelihood of vaccination. The concurrent validity of the scale was tested with the COVID‐19 vaccine. While the barrier subscale's ability to distinguish between vaccinated (specificity) and unvaccinated (sensitivity) individuals is excellent, it is acceptable for the other subscales.ConclusionModified PAVS‐HBM is valid and reliable for adult vaccines. This scale was associated with vaccination behaviour and distinguished between vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals.
Modeling levels of eco‐conscious awareness
Authors: Drosinou Marianna , Palomäki Jussi , Kunnari Anton , Koverola Mika , Jokela Markus , Laakasuo Michael 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe evaluate whether the feeling that all life is interconnected is associated with moral awareness of protecting the environment. We present a model in which different levels of awareness—awareness of self, other, and nature—are associated with environmental measures and moral awareness of environmental protection. Using path analysis (N = 634), we first evaluate how each level of awareness predicts the environmental measures. We then show that these associations are mediated by moral awareness of environmental protection and that moral awareness has an additional unique contribution as a predictor. Our results highlight the importance of different levels of awareness on attitudes and predispositions towards environmental protection. This research provides valuable insights into the relationship between interconnectedness, moral awareness, and environmentalism, offering a foundation for developing interventions and strategies aimed at fostering a more ecologically conscious society.
Concordance of in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy and horizontal‐sectioning histology in skin tumours
Authors: Perino F. , Suarez R. , Perez‐Anker J. , Carrera C. , Rezze G. G. , Primiero C. A. , Alos L. L. , Díaz A. , Barreiro A. , Puig S. , Peris K. , Malvehy J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) enables the study of architectural and cytological aspects in horizontal sections, which closely correlate with histologic features. However, traditional histopathological vertical sections cannot totally reproduce the image of the in vivo RCM horizontal section.ObjectiveTo evaluate the concordance between in vivo RCM and histopathologic transverse sections for melanocytic lesions, basal cell carcinoma and seborrheic keratoses.MethodsProspectively collected benign melanocytic and non‐melanocytic tumours diagnosed by dermoscopy were evaluated for common RCM features and compared to histopathology in horizontal sections with haematoxylin and eosin staining.ResultsA total of 44 skin tumours including 19 melanocytic lesions (nine compound, five junctional and five intradermal nevi), 12 basal cell carcinomas and 13 seborrheic keratoses were collected in the Department of Dermatology of Hospital Clinic of Barcelona. The RCM features that had statistically significant agreement with the histopathological horizontal sections were the preserved and visible honeycomb pattern, well defined DEJ, small bright particles, dermal nests, tumour islands and dark silhouettes, clefting, collagen bundles, thickened collagen bundles and cytologic atypia.ConclusionsHistopathology evaluation of horizontal sections of skin tumours can be correlated with main RCM findings. The results of this study have improved the understanding and interpretation of RCM features in relation to skin tumours, thus reinforcing the utility of RCM as a diagnostic tool.
Growth‐related changes in the influence of obesity on signs suggesting sleep‐disordered breathing and sleepiness in young individuals with Down syndrome
Authors: Sawatari H. , Chishaki A. , Rahmawati A. , Ando S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundSleep‐disordered breathing (SDB) is highly prevalent in individuals with Down syndrome (DS), who cease growing earlier than individuals without DS. These characteristics may be associated with increased obesity and subsequent SDB signs, such as snoring and apnoea or excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). Thus, we assessed the influence of growth on the association between obesity and SDB signs or EDS; we used questionnaires sent to young individuals with DS and their caregivers, in a cross‐sectional study.MethodsWe sent out 2000 questionnaires to individuals with DS and their caregivers. The surveys included questions about SDB signs (witnessed snoring or apnoea), subjective sleeping time including witnessed midnight arousal, the Epworth sleepiness scale and witnessed napping as well as sex, age, body weight and body height.ResultsOf the 1222 questionnaires we received, 660 were from young individuals and were included in the analysis. SDB signs were highly prevalent (77.1%), and frequency of SDB signs increased with growth (P‐trend: P = 0.02) in individuals with DS. Multivariate analyses showed that EDS (Epworth sleepiness scale > 10 points) was associated with body mass index Z‐score (Z‐BMI) in the 6–9 years age group (odds ratio [OR] 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.69 [1.09–2.62], P = 0.02). Conversely, SDB signs were associated with Z‐BMI in the 13–15 (OR [95% CI]: 1.99 [1.06–3.72], P = 0.03) and 16–18 years age groups (OR [95% CI]: 3.04 [1.22–7.59], P = 0.02). For the 19–21 years age group, SDB signs were associated with only male sex (OR [95% CI]: 7.28 [1.22–43.38], P = 0.03).ConclusionsThis study showed that the association between Z‐BMI and SDB or EDS was age dependent. In early school‐age children with DS, high Z‐BMI could not accurately predict the presence of SDB, but it was associated with EDS. In the pubescent period (i.e. 13–18 years), high Z‐BMI was associated with SDB signs but not with EDS. Overall, obesity affected SDB signs and EDS differently based on age in young individuals with DS.
Nitric oxide synthase contributes to the maintenance of LTP in the oxytocin–mRFP1 neuron of the rat hypothalamus
Authors: Matsuura Takanori , Kawasaki Makoto , Suzuki Hitoshi , Fujitani Teruaki , Baba Kazuhiko , Nishimura Haruki , Ikeda Naofumi , Yamanaka Yoshiaki , Tsukamoto Manabu , Yoshimi Youhei , Ohnishi Hideo , Ueta Yoichi , Sakai Akinori 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOxytocin (OXT) is a neuropeptide hormone that plays a critical role in nociception. Long‐term potentiation (LTP) is a major form of synaptic plasticity in the central nervous system. Recently, LTP has been reported in the hypothalamus; however, data on LTP in hypothalamic OXT‐ergic neurons are unclear. Furthermore, the signaling pathways for hypothalamic OXT‐ergic neuronal LTP and its physiological significance remain unknown. Herein, we aimed to investigate the induction of hypothalamic OXT‐ergic neuronal LTP and its synaptic mechanism using OXT‐monomeric red fluorescent protein 1 transgenic rats to visualize and record from OXT‐ergic neurons. The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) OXT‐ergic neuronal LTP induced by the pairing protocol was dependent on N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor (NMDAR). Furthermore, nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is required to maintain the LTP regardless of the NMDARs. In addition, hypothalamic OXT‐ergic neuronal LTP was not induced in the adjuvant arthritis rat model but increased excitatory postsynaptic currents were detected. LTP in hypothalamic OXT‐ergic neurons in the PVN in the presence of NOS may be involved in neuronal changes during OXT synthesis in chronic inflammation.
Geographic relocation in response to parents' health shocks: Who moves and how close?
Authors: Reyes Adriana M. , Shang Yongxin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis article examines how parent–child geographic proximity changes around the onset of parental health shocks in the United States. Differences in the likelihood of moving closer across social groups are also investigated.BackgroundAdult children often care for older parents with health problems, but this requires relatively close proximity. As families are becoming smaller and many adult children live away from their parents, it is unclear how responsive families will be to older adults' health problems.MethodWe estimate a series of fixed effects and event study models on data from the Health and Retirement Study (2004–2018) to assess changes in parent–child proximity after parents' first onset of cognitive impairment and functional limitations.ResultsWe find robust evidence that parents and children tend to stay close or move closer to each other in response to parent's health declines. Moves occur immediately and in subsequent waves after the onset of health shocks. Reductions in parent–child distance are consistently larger among mother‐daughter dyads, dyads without spouses or multiple children, and non‐Hispanic white families.ConclusionThe geographic availability of adult children to provide care is responsive to parents' needs. After the onset of a serious health condition, most older adults have a spouse or child living close enough to provide care. Parents' and children's lives are dynamically linked, and either or both may relocate to facilitate care.
Using Health Education to Address Student Physical Activity and Nutrition: Evidence and Implications to Advance Practice*
Authors: Lee Sarah M. , Szucs Leigh E. , Young Emily , Fahrenbruch Melissa 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDSchool‐based health education can provide students with learning experiences that improve knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions (KAP) and behaviors regarding physical activity and nutrition.METHODSWe conducted a 2‐phase systematic review. Phase 1 was a review of reviews (ie, systematic reviews or meta‐analyses) that were published 2010‐2018. Phase 2 was a search for individual articles published 2010‐2020 addressing topics relevant to our review; we searched for articles that had not been part of a sufficiently relevant or recent review or that had been part of a review that concluded that too few articles were available to assert sufficient evidence.RESULTSForty‐three studies were assessed: 20 randomized controlled trials and 23 quasi‐experimental designs. Collectively, interventions had a favorable impact on students' PA and nutrition KAP, but behavioral and secondary outcome results (eg, body mass index) were mixed.CONCLUSIONSUsing the evidence‐based health education strategies identified in this review can help contribute to improvements in students' KAP and behaviors.
Morphology, molecular phylogeny and biogeography revealed two new Pseudo‐nitzschia (Bacillariophyceae) species in Chinese waters
Authors: Niu Biao‐Biao , Zheng Qi‐Xiang , Liu Yang , Lundholm Nina , Teng Sing Tung , Lu Xu‐Dan , Ran Rui‐Wei , Zhang Li , Li Yang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPseudo‐nitzschia is a group of widely distributed planktonic diatoms. Some species produce the neurotoxin domoic acid. Herein, two new Pseudo‐nitzschia species were described from Chinese coastal waters and the South China Sea after combining morphological and molecular data, together with biogeographical traits. Pseudo‐nitzschia punctionis sp. nov. was similar to Pseudo‐nitzschia bipertita morphologically, but differed in poroid structure, which was undivided in P. punctionis but divided in two sectors in P. bipertita. This difference corresponded to the presence of two hemicompensatory base changes (HCBCs) in the secondary structure of internal transcribed spacer 2. Pseudo‐nitzschia polymorpha sp. nov. was sister to Pseudo‐nitzschia limii phylogenetically, but distinct by the various shapes of perforations on the valve and copula, which was supported by four HCBCs. In a metabarcoding analysis, multiple new ribotypes were identified within the two new species, and intraspecific genetic divergences were analyzed. Metabarcoding data revealed that P. punctionis had a broader temperature range (12.9–30.5°C) than P. polymorpha (22.3–30.5°C). Within the two new species, different traits were found among the amplicon sequence variants regarding temperature and biogeography, representing different microevolutionary directions under environmental selection. The two new species had different biogeographical traits when compared to their closely related species. Domoic acid was detected in strains of P. punctionis at a concentration of 13.5–17.7 fg/cell, but the toxin was not found in strains of P. polymorpha. A combination of characters based on laboratory strains and field metabarcoding data provided more data for delimiting Pseudo‐nitzschia species and gave new insights into their diversity and biogeography.
Effectiveness of a nurse‐led personalized patient engagement program to promote type 2 diabetes self‐management: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Cengiz Dilara , Korkmaz Fatoş 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPHEinAction® is a theory‐based nurse‐led patient engagement intervention developed among an Italian older adult population with various chronic diseases to facilitate cognitive, emotional, and behavioral processes in promoting individuals' active roles. This study aims to adapt and evaluate the effectiveness of PHEinAction® on diabetes self‐management (DSM) among Turkish type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. First, the generic content of the intervention was customized for diabetes management and adapted for the Turkish population, including back‐forward translation and expert panel evaluation; then, a randomized controlled trial was conducted with 51 adult diabetes patients randomly assigned to intervention or the control group receiving the usual care. The intervention consisted of two in‐person sessions of 4‐week intervals, a telephone consultation, and home‐based written exercises, which involved personalized care activities addressing individuals' engagement levels and covering the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral aspects. The scores for treatment adherence, self‐efficacy, and patient engagement had significantly improved with a large size effect in the intervention group at the fourth‐week follow‐up compared with the control group. Findings suggest that the nurse‐led personalized patient engagement program could effectively promote DSM.