bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
بناء القصيدة الأندلسية في المجموعة النبهانية... نماذج مختارة
Authors: جمعة كريمة 
Published: January 2023

سعى هذا البحث الموسوم بـ (بناء القصيدة الأندلسية في المجموعة النبهانية... نماذج مختارة) للإجابة على تساؤل مفاده... ما الكيفية التي ابتنى بها شعراء الأندلس في المجموعة قصائدهم المدحية؟
وقد تمّت الإجابة عن هذا التساؤل عبر دراسة بعض البنى التي تقرب شكل القصيدة الأندلسية في المجموعة إلى ذهن الملتقي، وذلك عبر دراسة بنية العنونة، والبنية الفنية، والبنية التركيبية، والتي سجلت حضورًا لافتًا للقصيدة الأندلسية في المجموعة.
El Sur Distorsionado como un cambio paradigmático para el metal y su estudio
Authors: Varas Díaz Nelson 
Published: January 2023

Este escrito recoge lo que fuera la ponencia magistral[1] de apertura de la 5ta Conferencia Bienal de Investigación del International Society for Metal Music Studies, celebrada en el mes de junio de 2022, en Ciudad de México, México. En esta exposición propongo la idea del Sur Distorsionado como un espacio, tanto geográfico como simbólico, donde las personas oprimidas del mundo e impactadas por el proyecto moderno/colonial, utilizan la música metal para reflexionar críticamente sobre sus experiencias. Informando así a otras sobre las dificultades que viven, construir (internamente/externamente) comunidades críticas, y actuar sobre esas vivencias a través de prácticas liberadoras. Asimismo, utilizo ejemplos específicos para mostrar las formas en que el Sur Distorsionado representa un cambio paradigmático en torno a cómo crear, conceptualizar e investigar la música metal en comparación con las prácticas del Norte Global. En el proceso de definir el Sur Distorsionado, expongo sus dimensiones ontológicas, epistemológicas, metodológicas y éticas. A la luz de dicho cambio paradigmático en el metal y su proceso de estudio, esbozo algunas tensiones entre el Norte Global y el Sur Distorsionado, y culmino con recomendaciones para los estudios del metal en el futuro inmediato.

[1] Se reproduce aquí el texto de la ponencia magistral con alteraciones menores y sin la totalidad de imágenes que le acompañaron para facilitar su lectura en este número especial de la Revista Lenguas Radicales.
Recent advances in sea cucumber peptide: Production, bioactive properties, and prospects
Authors: Man Jiacong , Abd El‐Aty A. M. , Wang Zuzhe , Tan Mingqian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSea cucumber is a precious and nutritious food with abundant protein and other bioactive compounds, among which sea cucumber peptide (SCP) exhibits many beneficial functions. Although research on the development of SCP is attracting more attention, the ability to translate these new findings into industrial practice and new products remains immature. This review summarizes the production and characterization of SCP and emphasizes recent advances in its bioactive properties, including antioxidative, angiotensin‐I converting enzyme‐inhibitory, immunomodulatory, anticancer, antifatigue, and neuroprotective effects. Meanwhile, the challenges and prospects of SCP development have been discussed in both scientific research and commercialization. SCP shows great potential in health promotion, yet several challenges need to be solved: the validation of health claims, clarification of its mechanisms, innovations to boost its bioavailability, and improvement of industrial production and sensory properties of end‐products. Hopefully, this information will provide a comprehensive perspective on developing SCP nutraceuticals and functional foods.
破裂性腹部大動脈瘤に対するdamage control surgeryの必要性が示唆された1例(Case of resuscitation from ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm: necessity of damage control surgery)
Authors: 和弘 米田 , 明彬 丸本 , 功士 福岡 , 健史 田中 , 日出樹 大澤 , 義人 井出 , 克清 北林 
Published: January 2023

要旨症例は87歳の男性。背部痛を主訴に前医へ救急搬送され，腹部大動脈瘤破裂の診断となった。当院への転院搬送中に心停止となったが，心肺蘇生を行い自己心拍再開して当院に到着した。直接手術室へ入室し，手術を開始した。入室時に再度心停止となったが，ステント拡張用のバルーンカテーテルで遮断を試みながら心肺蘇生を継続することで自己心拍再開した。前医で撮影された造影CT解析の結果，ステントグラフト内挿術の解剖学的条件を満たさず，開腹手術の方針とした。人工血管置換術は完遂したが，大量出血および低体温を原因とした凝固能破綻による静脈出血がコントロールできず，damage control surgery（DCS）に準じて早期の手術終了を図る方針としてガーゼパッキング後に閉腹した。術後2日目にガーゼ除去および閉腹術に臨んだが，開腹するとS状結腸から直腸にかけての壊死を認めたため，壊死腸管切除および横行結腸人工肛門造設術を施行した。その後の全身管理には難渋したが，術後294日で退院となった。近年，外傷外科領域ではDCSの考え方が重要視されているが，腹部大動脈瘤破裂を扱う心臓血管外科領域においてはその考え方が浸透しているとは言い難い。腹部大動脈瘤破裂を扱う心臓血管外科医もDCSを念頭においた計画を立てて手術を始めることが，救命率向上のためには重要である。
Influence of Annealing Process Combined with Enzymatic Modification with Transglucosidase on Black Rice Starch
Authors: Almeida Raphael Lucas Jacinto , Santos Newton Carlos , Feitoza João Vítor Fonseca , Muniz Cecilia Elisa Sousa , Eduardo Raphael da Silva , Cavalcante Josilene de Assis , Silva Rebeca de Almeida , Silva Virgínia Mirtes de Alcântara , Ribeiro Victor Herbert de Alcântara , da Costa Gilsandro Alves 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study is to investigate the effects of isolated and/or combined enzymatic and annealing treatments on the technological properties of black rice starch. The modification is carried out through an annealing process at 50 °C for 24 h, followed by the process of enzymatic modification by the action of transglucosidase (25 kU mL−1). Enzymatic hydrolysis with transglucosidase is improved as a result of the annealing action, which resulted in 7.6%. The size and shape of the starch granules are not modified by the thermoenzymatic treatments, only agglomeration of the granules in native starch modified with transglucosidase. The annealing treatment promotes a 20.60% reduction in crystallinity and a change in the type of lens from type A to Vh. Modified starch shows higher thermal and mechanical resistance when compared to native starch. The results contribute to a better understanding of the combination of annealing in enzymatic modification with transglucosidase for black rice starch.
‘The Honour of Giving My Opinion’: General Average, Insurance and the Compilation of the Ordonnance de la marine of 1681
Authors: Wade Lewis 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Ordonnance de la marine of 1681 marked—at least in theory—a pivotal step forward in enshrining the unfettered maritime authority of the French state. Spearheaded by Jean-Baptiste Colbert, Louis XIV’s famous minister, the wide-reaching Ordonnance assimilated a rich genealogy of customary maritime law into a single proclamation of positive law. Yet very little has been said by historians about how the Ordonnance was compiled. This essay sheds light on this process through studying the Chambre générale des assurances et grosses aventures (1668–1686), a little-known Parisian insurance institution established under the auspices of Colbert. The crown consulted the Chambre on maritime affairs before the Ordonnance was issued. Yet, as an insurance institution, the Chambre was not an impartial source of counsel. This essay analyses the advice given by the Chambre on which entities should contribute to General Average costs in instances of ship redemptions, which bore clear evidence of self-interest. This forced the crown to reinterpret its advice within a broader logic that catered to the interests of other maritime stakeholders at the expense of insurers. This case study invites us to evaluate our understanding of how the Ordonnance was compiled and to reflect more broadly on the interests of the French state in insurance practices across France.
Marine Mammal Acoustics
Authors: Reckendorf Anja , Seidelin Lars , Wahlberg Magnus 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBioacoustics combines the fields of biology and acoustics to answer questions about hearing, sound production and sound communication in animals. Marine mammals have specialised hearing abilities and use sounds in different ways underwater. How do whales and seals use sound for communication and to find prey? How are they affected by human-made sounds from ships, oil exploration and windfarms? To answer such questions, you need to study marine mammals, be well-trained in natural sciences and know about animal anatomy, physiology and behaviour. You also need a thorough understanding of the fundamentals of acoustics, maths and physics. Bioacoustics is a truly interdisciplinary research field involving biologists, physicists and engineers trying to understand the world of biological sound, how sounds are produced and used by animals. Additionally, underwater acoustic recordings can reveal which areas animals use during different seasons. Bioacoustics can also be used to improve wildlife protection by regulating damaging sound sources in marine mammal habitats. Using the exercises at the end of this chapter, students learn about frequencies, decibels and their own hearing abilities, as well as how to build their own underwater microphone.
Artificial Intelligence in Africa: Emerging Challenges
Authors: Ade-Ibijola Abejide , Okonkwo Chinedu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn the current African society, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming more popular and seeking to cover all facets of human activity. The adoption and use of these modern technologies in the African context are currently low due to some emerging challenges. Consequently, these difficulties may have a direct influence on African economic development. In this paper, we highlight the challenges facing the adoption of AI technologies in Africa which include skills acquisition, lack of structured data ecosystem, ethics, government policies, insufficient infrastructure and network connectivity, uncertainty, and user attitude. Finally, various solutions to enhance AI adoption in Africa were then proposed.
Capturing, Modeling, Overseeing, and Making Credible: The Functions of Vision and Visual Material at the Accademia del Cimento
Authors: Giannini Giulia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Accademia del Cimento (Florence) is the first European academy to be supported by a public power and to put experimentation at the core of scientific activity. During its activity (1657–1667), the Cimento carried out hundreds of experiments. A minor part of them is collected in the only printed work produced by the Accademia, the Saggi di Naturali Esperienze (1667). Almost one hundred illustrations accompany the twelve groups of experiments presented in the Saggi. They are mainly drawings of instruments and experimental apparatus. In spite of the sumptuousness of the edition, these drawings are characterized by a functional simplicity. Tables, diagrams and illustrations also punctuate diaries, handwritten notes and correspondence. A study of the unpublished documents shows the role of visual images in experimental design and allows to explore the wider problem of the relationship between thought and vision. This contribution analyses the epistemic function of vision in the Cimento’s experiments and debates around the issue of natural freezing and the properties of heat and cold. Discussions on the topic include geometrical demonstrations and mathematical representations, punctually excluded from the Saggi but occasionally resumed by individual members in later works.
Literature Review
Authors: Hasanov Fakhri J. , Joutz Frederick L. , Mikayilov Jeyhun I. , Javid Muhammad 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe history of macroeconometric model-building is comprehensively documented in Fair (1984, 1994), Bodkin et al. (1991), Hendry and Mizon (2000), Favero (2001), Pagan (2003a, b), Bårdsen et al. (2004, 2005), Valadkhani (2004), Hendry and Muellbauer (2018), Jelić and Ravnik (2021) inter alia. Also, history and macroeconometric modeling activities over the world and their classification are documented in Welfe (2013).
KGEMM Methodology
Authors: Hasanov Fakhri J. , Joutz Frederick L. , Mikayilov Jeyhun I. , Javid Muhammad 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis chapter briefly describes the methodological framework KGEMM uses. KGEMM is a hybrid model, i.e., it brings together theoretical and empirical coherences at some degree. Put differently, KGEMM nests “theory-driven” and “data-driven” approaches as suggested by Hendry (2018), among others, and employed by modelers in building semi-structural macroeconometric models (e.g., see Jelić and Ravnik 2021; Gervais and Gosselin 2014; Bulligan et al. 2017). For this purpose, it uses an equilibrium correction modeling (ECM) framework, in which the long-run relationships follow economic theories, and the short-run relationships are mainly data-driven (see Pagan 2003a, b inter alia). Hara et al. (2009) and Yoshida (1990), among others, note that ECM-based MEMs provide realistic results as their equilibrium correction mechanisms help stabilize long-term projections and capture short-term fluctuations more than other models while Engle et al. (1989) find the forecast performance of ECM more accurate.
Introduction
Authors: Freebody Jane 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis comparative study of patient work and occupation throws new light on a topic that has only recently attracted scholarly attention. Patient work emerged in the context of moral treatment in the early nineteenth century in both France and England and was used similarly in both asylum systems until World War I. After the war, the approach to patient work and occupation diverged, as Freebody demonstrates using three institutional case studies from each country. An overview of the historiography, not only of patient work and occupational therapy but also of the history of work and working practices, welfare, the emergence of the asylum system, psychiatry, mental nursing and the patient experience, puts Freebody’s analysis in context. Criticism of the use of patient labour in 1918 by asylum medical officer Montagu Lomax provides a benchmark for developments during the interwar period.
The Supervision of Patient Occupation
Authors: Freebody Jane 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMental nurses and attendants spent more time with patients than any other members of mental hospital staff. The professionalism, experience and skills of the mental nurses influenced the type of occupation that could be prescribed by psychiatrists and how patients responded to it. Through an analysis of the skill sets of those supervising patient occupation, Freebody highlights the disparity in levels of training and professionalisation between English and French mental nurses during the interwar period. Training schemes and opportunities to gain qualifications were more widely available in England than in France. French psychiatrists complained that their nurses were uneducated, lacked commitment to the role and were incapable of supervising occupation at more than a rudimentary level. In England, nurses were more likely to hold a nursing qualification and their efforts to supervise occupation were supplemented by a new group of professionals, the occupational therapists. Others involved in supervising the occupation of patients included the workshop managers, whose skills in dealing with the mentally disordered were questioned by some doctors.
Optimising Emotion: Introducing the Civic Body
Authors: Bakir Vian , McStay Andrew 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEmotion plays an important role in modern societies, especially given circulation of knowingly and unwittingly spread false information. Opening Part I of this book that deconstructs core features of contemporary false information online, this chapter makes the case that false information is prevalent online, causing real-world civic harms; that emotion is fundamental to civic life; and that profiling and optimisation of emotions using automated systems are escalating features of daily life. Given mounting evidence that emotion profiling incubates false information online, causing significant harms worldwide, this chapter frames these developments in terms of acivic bodyincreasingly affected by processes ofoptimised emotion. In advancing the notion of thecivic body, this chapter captures the various ways by which datafied emotion is collected, processed and optimised, especially as it relates to information, between individuals and collectives. The chapter introduces how current emotional profiling (on dominant global digital platforms) fuels the spread of false information and also considers the implications of emergent emotion profiling (via biometrics). Finally, the chapter discusses the book’s aims and approach.
China-US Strategic Competition: Impact on Small and Middle Powers in Europe and Asia
Authors: Grano Simona A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The present introductory chapter shall set the stage for the edited volume by broadly sketching the contours of the intense strategic competition between China and the United States and its potential to reshape Asia–Pacific and the world order. Briefly, this chapter will also allude to the future probable fallouts of the Russian invasion of Ukraine and its potential for redrawing geopolitical coordinates and allegiances, for the countries that are in the focus of the present volume.
Diversification for Enhanced Food Systems Resilience
Authors: Hertel Thomas , Elouafi Ismahane , Tanticharoen Morakot , Ewert Frank 
Published: January 2023

AbstractResilience at the individual, community, government and global food system levels must be built in such a way that the economic, social and environmental bases to generate food security and nutrition for current and future generations are not compromised anywhere in the world. We present opportunities for diversification of production, diversification at the household level, and diversification through the global, regional and local trading systems for resilient food systems. There are a number of trade-offs which must be navigated as we strive to achieve greater food system resilience. These include the need to deliver short-term humanitarian aid without jeopardizing long run development, mitigation of rising global temperatures even as the food system adapts to the inevitable changes in the earth’s climate, taking advantage of the benefits of globalization while avoiding the downsides, and encouraging agricultural production and boosting rural incomes while also protecting the environment. Much will be gained for resilience building by highlighting successful solutions and facilitating the exchange of tools, data, information and knowledge and capacity.
Food System Concepts and Definitions for Science and Political Action
Authors: von Braun Joachim , Afsana Kaosar , Fresco Louise O. , Hassan Mohamed Hag Ali , Torero Maximo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe United Nations with its Food Systems Summit 2021 and member countries seek to alter food systems to be healthier, safer, more sustainable, efficient and equitable. This chapter informs about concepts and definitions of food systems and the determinants of their change. To foster a clear understanding of food systems, especially regarding the UN Food Systems Summit and potential follow up to it, we first present a general food systems concept. We then introduce a concept based on science that provides a definition that the UN Food Systems Summit could use with the five goal-oriented Action Tracks (serving SDG2) and their interlinkages. We suggest a food system definition that encompasses food systems thinking and the broad set of actors and drivers, embedding the concept of sustainability within it.
Healthy Diet: A Definition for the United Nations Food Systems Summit 2021
Authors: Neufeld Lynnette M. , Hendriks Sheryl , Hugas Marta 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe aim of this chapter is to propose a definition of “healthy diets”and provide related evidence, thus permitting the alignment of terminology for the Food Systems Summit and beyond.Dietsare combinations offoods and beverages(referred to as foods hereafter, for simplicity) consumed by individuals. However, the specific combination of foods that make up healthy diets is context-specific and depends on many cultural, economic, and other factors. We provide a definition and overview of approaches that have been used to translate this into food-based recommendations. We also provide a brief review highlighting evidence, gaps and controversies related to defining healthy diets. The evidence for potential solutions to making healthy diets more available, affordable, and their production environmentally sustainable is the subject of much literature (Herforth 2020; Chaudhary et al. 2018; Smetana et al. 2019; Badiane and Makombe 2020; Program of Accompanying Research for Agricultural Innovation 2020), and is not discussed here in detail.
Safeguarding and Using Fruit and Vegetable Biodiversity
Authors: van Zonneveld Maarten , Volk Gayle M. , Dulloo M. Ehsan , Kindt Roeland , Mayes Sean , Quintero Marcela , Choudhury Dhrupad , Achigan-Dako Enoch G. , Guarino Luigi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFruit and vegetable species and varieties, their wild relatives, and pollinators and other associated organisms underpin diverse food production systems and contribute to worldwide health and nutrition. This biodiversity, however, is threatened, remains poorly conserved, and is largely undocumented. Its loss leads to a narrowing of new food options, reduced variation for breeding, and yield gaps due to pollinator decline. This constrains the supply of climate-resilient and nutritious foods to the global human population and limits long-term progress towards the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals and any future goals set thereafter. It will require that awareness be raised globally to safeguard and sustainably use fruit and vegetable biodiversity and that a global rescue plan for reducing and reversing the decline in this biodiversity be devised. Success will depend on a global partnership of custodians and users of fruit and vegetable biodiversity and requires an investment of at least 250 million USD over ten years.
Machine Learning Techniques in Reactive Atomistic Simulations
Authors: Aktulga H. , Ravindra V. , Grama A. , Pandit S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis chapter describes recent advances in the use of machine learning techniques in reactive atomistic simulations. In particular, it provides an overview of techniques used in training force fields with closed form potentials, developing machine-learning-based potentials, use of machine learning in accelerating the simulation process, and analytics techniques for drawing insights from simulation results. The chapter covers basic machine learning techniques, training procedures and loss functions, issues of off-line and in-lined training, and associated numerical and algorithmic issues. The chapter highlights key outstanding challenges, promising approaches, and potential future developments. While the chapter relies on reactive atomistic simulations to motivate models and methods, these are more generally applicable to other modeling paradigms for reactive flows.
Discussion
Authors: Bramwell Donna , Checkland Kath , Shields Jolanta , Allen Pauline 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this final chapter of the book, we return to our original research questions and draw together our findings, looking across the eras to illustrate how the policy changes of the past have defined the services of today and the future. We show how, over time, there has been a consistent pattern in policy by which community nursing services are rarely the focus of policy. Rather, changes have occurred in policy which have had a knock-on effect on Community Health Services (CHS), and these effects have often been to their detriment. In the conclusion, we offer observations on the incoming policy changes in 2022 (H&CA, 2022) and suggestions for future research. Proposals for the development of Integrated Care Systems (ICS) offer both opportunities and threats to the provision of community nursing/health services—the former from more investment or the latter from being dominated by larger acute services. Our main concern is there is a danger that the voice and needs of CHS will yet again remain unheard and un-regarded.