bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vitamin D status in non-pregnant women of reproductive age: a study in Southern Thailand
Authors: Jaruratanasirikul Somchit , Boonrusmee Sasivara , Kasemsripitak Staporn , Saengkaew Tansit , Chimrung Kanjana , Sriplung Hutcha 
Published: September 2023

AbstractVitamin D inadequacy is a global problem in all age groups. Although there are various studies of vitamin D status in pregnant women in Southeast Asia, to date there are few studies from Southeast Asia examining vitamin D status in non-pregnant women of reproductive age. To examine the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency (VDI) in healthy non-pregnant women of reproductive age in Southern Thailand, 120 healthy non-pregnant women aged 18–42 years were enrolled. Demographic and lifestyle data relevant to vitamin D assessment (sunlight exposure, nutritional intake, type of dress, sunscreen use) and biochemical studies (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D or 25OHD, parathyroid hormone, calcium, phosphate) were obtained. VDI was classified as serum 25OHD < 20 ng/mL. The average serum 25OHD level was 23.1 ± 6.0 ng/mL. The overall prevalence of VDI was 34.1%. The average dietary intake of calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D and the average duration of sunlight exposure per week were not significantly different between the VDI women and the vitamin D sufficient (VDS) women. Logistic regression analysis found that the significant risk factors for VDI were greater body mass index and higher family income (p-values 0.01 and 0.02, respectively). The prevalence of VDI in non-pregnant women was high at 34%. As the dietary sources of vitamin D are limited and cutaneous vitamin D synthesis is limited by avoidance of sunlight exposure, vitamin D fortification in common daily foods would be an alternative option to reach the recommended vitamin D intake generally of at least 800 IU/day.
Factors associated with 1-year outcomes and transient intraocular pressure elevation in minimally invasive glaucoma surgery using Kahook Dual Blades
Authors: Sakamoto Tomoaki , Nisiwaki Hirokazu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this retrospective case–control study, we aimed to investigate the mid- to long-term outcomes and factors involved in minimally invasive glaucoma surgery using the Kahook Dual Blade. Of the 229 cases since 2018 in which the dual blades were used for glaucoma surgery at the Tenri Hospital, 133 eyes of 98 patients who followed up for more than 3 months were included. Intraocular pressure (IOP), number of drops score, and need for reoperation were evaluated on day 1 and at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months postoperatively. Intraocular pressure spikes occurred in 25 patients postoperatively (18.8%), occurring at approximately 4.5 days (1–10.25). The preoperative number of eye drops used and ocular axial length were found to be associated with the occurrence of spikes (OR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.02–2.06; P = 0.025 and OR = 1.41, 95% CI 0.98–1.25; P = 0.072, respectively). At the 12-month mark, no significant relationship was found between the presence of spikes or incisional extent scores and the amount of change in IOP and number of drops scores. Patients with severe visual field impairment, high preoperative IOP and drop scores, and long ocular axial length may require more frequent follow-ups after surgery to check for spikes.
A translational perspective towards clinical AI fairness
Authors: Liu Mingxuan , Ning Yilin , Teixayavong Salinelat , Mertens Mayli , Xu Jie , Ting Daniel Shu Wei , Cheng Lionel Tim-Ee , Ong Jasmine Chiat Ling , Teo Zhen Ling , Tan Ting Fang , RaviChandran Narrendar , Wang Fei , Celi Leo Anthony , Ong Marcus Eng Hock , Liu Nan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) has demonstrated the ability to extract insights from data, but the fairness of such data-driven insights remains a concern in high-stakes fields. Despite extensive developments, issues of AI fairness in clinical contexts have not been adequately addressed. A fair model is normally expected to perform equally across subgroups defined by sensitive variables (e.g., age, gender/sex, race/ethnicity, socio-economic status, etc.). Various fairness measurements have been developed to detect differences between subgroups as evidence of bias, and bias mitigation methods are designed to reduce the differences detected. This perspective of fairness, however, is misaligned with some key considerations in clinical contexts. The set of sensitive variables used in healthcare applications must be carefully examined for relevance and justified by clear clinical motivations. In addition, clinical AI fairness should closely investigate the ethical implications of fairness measurements (e.g., potential conflicts between group- and individual-level fairness) to select suitable and objective metrics. Generally defining AI fairness as “equality” is not necessarily reasonable in clinical settings, as differences may have clinical justifications and do not indicate biases. Instead, “equity” would be an appropriate objective of clinical AI fairness. Moreover, clinical feedback is essential to developing fair and well-performing AI models, and efforts should be made to actively involve clinicians in the process. The adaptation of AI fairness towards healthcare is not self-evident due to misalignments between technical developments and clinical considerations. Multidisciplinary collaboration between AI researchers, clinicians, and ethicists is necessary to bridge the gap and translate AI fairness into real-life benefits.
A randomized trial of a mobile health intervention to augment cardiac rehabilitation
Authors: Golbus Jessica R. , Gupta Kashvi , Stevens Rachel , Jeganathan V.Swetha E. , Luff Evan , Shi Jieru , Dempsey Walter , Boyden Thomas , Mukherjee Bhramar , Kohnstamm Sarah , Taralunga Vlad , Kheterpal Vik , Murphy Susan , Klasnja Predrag , Kheterpal Sachin , Nallamothu Brahmajee K. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMobile health (mHealth) interventions may enhance positive health behaviors, but randomized trials evaluating their efficacy are uncommon. Our goal was to determine if a mHealth intervention augmented and extended benefits of center-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) for physical activity levels at 6-months. We delivered a randomized clinical trial to low and moderate risk patients with a compatible smartphone enrolled in CR at two health systems. All participants received a compatible smartwatch and usual CR care. Intervention participants received a mHealth intervention that included a just-in-time-adaptive intervention (JITAI) as text messages. The primary outcome was change in remote 6-minute walk distance at 6-months stratified by device type. Here we report the results for 220 participants enrolled in the study (mean [SD]: age 59.6 [10.6] years; 67 [30.5%] women). For our primary outcome at 6 months, there is no significant difference in the change in 6 min walk distance across smartwatch types (Intervention versus control: +31.1 meters Apple Watch, −7.4 meters Fitbit; p = 0.28). Secondary outcomes show no difference in mean step counts between the first and final weeks of the study, but a change in 6 min walk distance at 3 months for Fitbit users. Amongst patients enrolled in center-based CR, a mHealth intervention did not improve 6-month outcomes but suggested differences at 3 months in some users.
The effects of maternal care on the developmental transcriptome and metatranscriptome of a wild bee
Authors: Chau Katherine D. , Shamekh Mariam , Huisken Jesse , Rehan Sandra M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMaternal care acts as a strong environmental stimulus that can induce phenotypic plasticity in animals and may also alter their microbial communities through development. Here, we characterize the developmental metatranscriptome of the small carpenter bee,Ceratina calcarata, across developmental stages and in the presence or absence of mothers. Maternal care had the most influence during early development, with the greatest number and magnitude of differentially expressed genes between maternal care treatments, and enrichment for transcription factors regulating immune response in motherless early larvae. Metatranscriptomic data revealed fungi to be the most abundant group in the microbiome, withAspergillusthe most abundant in early larvae raised without mothers. Finally, integrative analysis between host transcriptome and metatranscriptome highlights several fungi correlating with developmental and immunity genes. Our results provide characterizations of the influence of maternal care on gene expression and the microbiome through development in a wild bee.
Speg interactions that regulate the stability of excitation-contraction coupling protein complexes in triads and dyads
Authors: Lee Chang Seok , Jung Sung Yun , Yee Rachel Sue Zhen , Agha Nadia H. , Hong Jin , Chang Ting , Babcock Lyle W. , Fleischman Jorie D. , Clayton Benjamin , Hanna Amy D. , Ward Christopher S. , Lanza Denise , Hurley Ayrea E. , Zhang Pumin , Wehrens Xander H. T. , Lagor William R. , Rodney George G. , Hamilton Susan L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHere we show that striated muscle preferentially expressed protein kinase α (Spegα) maintains cardiac function in hearts with Spegβ deficiency. Speg is required for stability of excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) complexes and interacts with esterase D (Esd), Cardiomyopathy-Associated Protein 5 (Cmya5), and Fibronectin Type III and SPRY Domain Containing 2 (Fsd2) in cardiac and skeletal muscle. Mice with a sequence encoding a V5/HA tag inserted into the first exon of the Speg gene (HA-Speg mice) display a >90% decrease in Spegβ but Spegα is expressed at ~50% of normal levels. Mice deficient in both Spegα and Speg β (Speg KO mice) develop a severe dilated cardiomyopathy and muscle weakness and atrophy, but HA-Speg mice display mild muscle weakness with no cardiac involvement. Spegα in HA-Speg mice suppresses Ca2+ leak, proteolytic cleavage of Jph2, and disruption of transverse tubules. Despite it’s low levels, HA-Spegβ immunoprecipitation identified Esd, Cmya5 and Fsd2 as Spegβ binding partners that localize to triads and dyads to stabilize ECC complexes. This study suggests that Spegα and Spegβ display functional redundancy, identifies Esd, Cmya5 and Fsd2 as components of both cardiac dyads and skeletal muscle triads and lays the groundwork for the identification of new therapeutic targets for centronuclear myopathy.
Time-domain photonic image processor based on speckle projection and reservoir computing
Authors: Yamaguchi Tomoya , Arai Kohei , Niiyama Tomoaki , Uchida Atsushi , Sunada Satoshi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHigh-speed image processing is essential for many real-time applications. On-chip photonic neural network processors have the potential to speed up image processing, but their scalability is limited in terms of the number of input/output channels because high-density integration is challenging. Here, we propose a photonic time-domain image processing approach, where real-world visual information is compressively acquired through a single input channel. Thus, large-scale processing is enabled even when using a small photonic processor with limited input/output channels. The drawback of the time-domain serial operation can be mitigated using ultrahigh-speed data acquisition based on gigahertz-rate speckle projection. We combine it with a photonic reservoir computer and demonstrate that this approach is capable of dynamic image recognition at gigahertz rates. Furthermore, we demonstrate that this approach can also be used for high-speed learning-based imaging. The proposed approach can be extended to diverse applications, including target tracking, flow cytometry, and imaging of sub-nanosecond phenomena.
Deception is associated with reduced social connection
Authors: Sprigings Samantha , Brown Cameo J. V. , ten Brinke Leanne 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLies can have major consequences if undetected. Research to date has focused primarily on the consequences of deception for receivers once lies are discovered. We advance deception research and relationship science by studying the social consequences of deception for the sender—even if their lies remain undetected. In a correlational study of video conversations (Study 1; N = 776), an experimental study of text conversations (Study 2; N = 416), and a survey of dispositional tendencies (Study 3; N = 399), we find consistent evidence that people who lie tend to assume that others are lying too, and this impedes their ability to form social connections. The findings provide insight into how (dis)honesty and loneliness may go together, and suggest that lies—even when undetected—harm our relationships.
Fulvestrant plus vandetanib versus placebo for the treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer resistant to aromatase inhibitor therapy (FURVA): a multicentre, Phase 2, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Beresford Mark , Casbard Angela , Hudson Zoe , Carucci Margherita , Ingarfield Kate , Gee Julia , Smith Joanna , Kitson Terri , Alchami Fouad , Madden Tracie-Ann , Hayward Larrie , Hwang David , Spensley Saiqa , Waters Simon , Wheatley Duncan , Jones Robert H. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
FURVA, a randomised, double-blind Phase II trial, investigated whether the addition of vandetanib to fulvestrant improved progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with an aromatase inhibitor(AI)-resistant advanced breast cancer.

Methods
Postmenopausal women with oestrogen receptor-positive (ER+ve)/HER2-negative advanced breast cancer, who experienced disease progression on an AI, were randomised (1:1) to fulvestrant 500 mg (Q28) with vandetanib 300 mg od (f + v) or placebo (f + p) until disease progression or discontinuation. The primary endpoint was PFS; secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS) and the influence of REarranged during Transfection (RET) signalling on outcomes.

Results
In total, 165 participants were randomised to f + v (n = 80) or f + p (n = 85). Median PFS was 5.5 months (m) for f + v compared to 5.5 m for f + p (hazard ratio (HR) 0.88; 95% CI: 0.62–1.23; P = 0.22). Unexpectedly, high total RET expression was associated with a PFS advantage of 8.87 m vs 3.94 with low RET (HR 0.493: 95% CI 0.32–0.77; P = 0.002) independent of the treatment arm, supported by an OS advantage 21.95 m vs 18.04 (HR 0.584; 95% CI 0.34–1.00; P = 0.051) in the high-RET group.

Conclusion
The addition of vandetanib to fulvestrant does not improve PFS. However, high total RET expression was associated with improved PFS, suggesting RET may have a prognostic role in patients treated with fulvestrant.

Clinical trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02530411.
Drumhead surface states promoted hydrogen evolution reactions in type-II nodal-line topological catalyst Mg3Bi2
Authors: Zhao Min , Meng Weizhen , Wang Lirong , He Zeqing , Jin Lei , Liu Ying , Dai Xuefang , Zhang Xiaoming , Li Hongshi , Liu Guodong 
Published: September 2023

The drumhead surface states formed by nodal loops in Mg3Bi2 have an important effect on the hydrogen evolution reaction.
Electrocatalytic oxidative C–H cycloamination towards tricyclic [1,2,4]triazolo-[3,4-i]purine nucleosides mediated by bromide ions
Authors: Yang Qi-Liang , Li Wan-Wan , Zhang Zhong-Xu , Zhang Han-Meng , Li Xian-Jia , Guo Hai-Ming 
Published: September 2023

A green and sustainable electrochemical alternative strategy for the synthesis of biologically important [1,2,4]-triazolo-[3,4-i]-purine derivatives via intramolecular oxidative C–N bond coupling has been established.
Speech-Language Pathologists' Preparation, Practices, and Perspectives on Serving Indigenous Families and Children
Authors: Guiberson Mark , Ferris Kyliah 
Published: September 2023

Purpose:
With the documented educational inequities that Indigenous children experience evidenced by disproportionate representation in special education and lower graduation rates, there is a need to better understand the backgrounds, training, professional perspectives, and clinical practices of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) serving this population. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to conduct a survey with SLPs from the Mountain West and High Plains region of the United States who serve Indigenous children to understand current patterns and to inform practices that SLPs can apply in addressing educational inequities.

Method:
SLPs from the Mountain West and High Plains completed an online survey that gathered information about background, training, professional perspectives, and clinical practices.

Results:
Three hundred thirty-three SLPs completed the survey. Results revealed that respondents, for the most part, understood educational disparities that Indigenous children experience, and they valued Indigenous dialects of English and Indigenous languages. Patterns in practice revealed strong reliance on standardized measures for assessment and a small percentage of respondents using bidialectal or narrative-based strategies.

Conclusions:
Very few respondents had training on serving Indigenous children and families, yet they had overall awareness of educational disparities experienced by this group. Respondents reported challenges with developing relationships and overcoming access barriers. Their clinical practices were not as tailored to the language and learning needs of Indigenous children, especially when compared to practices recommended in two recent scoping reviews. The Indigenous Connectedness Framework, the abundance model, and Indigenous pedagogies are presented as ways to initiate change and meaningful engagement with Indigenous families and communities.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24100863
Ventilation Technique for CPB Patients Less Than 10 Kilograms Employing a 1.6 m2 Hollow Fiber Membrane
Authors: Justison G.A. , Wagner G.P. , Riley J.B. 
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to document the
performance of a 1.6 m2 hollow fiber membrane blood oxygenator (HFMO) in a specific ventilation technique for a patient population averaging 6 kilograms and .34m2 BSA.
Continuous monitoring was utilized to maintain actual Pa02 about 200 mmHg and Pv02 above 35 mmHg. HFMO expired gas pC02 was monitored to select the optimal 0 2/room air sweep rate to maintain actual PaC02 between 35 and 40 mmHg. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) blood flow was initiated at 160 ml/min/kg and decreased to 100 ml/min/kg at 20°C. During warming, blood flow was increased to 175 ml/min/kg at 38°C. The hematocrit averaged 18% during cooling, low blood flow and/or exsanguination. Transfusion raised the average hematocrit to 29% at 38°C. HFMO average control parameters were:

VO2
FiO2
VCO2
Sweep Ratio
Temperature

Cooling
97.
62
44.
35.
34°C

19.
33
4.
.10
20°C

Warming
65.
48
300.
1.2
20°C

170.
75
105.
.63
38°C

ml/min/M2
%
ml/min/M2
Gas: Blood Flow

The Terumo HFMO integral heat exchanger cooled these patients at an average rate of .16°C/min/kg, warming with a safe gradient yielded an average rate of .09°C/min/kg.
The 1.6 m2 HFMO provides more than adequate heat, oxygen and carbon dioxide transfer for this patient population.
Differences in Cerebral Blood Flow with Pulsatile and Nonpulsatile Flow in Normal and Ischemic Brain
Authors: Tornabene Susan P. , Tyndal Charles M. , Keller Carol , Gross Cordell E. , Tranmer Bruce I. 
Published: September 2023

The effect of pulsatile versus non pulsatile perfusion on regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) was tested in a canine model with and without focal ischemia. Nine dogs were placed on total cardiopulmonary bypass with a flow rate of 100 cc/kg/min. at normothermia. Control cerebral blood flow measurements were made in both cerebral hemispheres using the hydrogen clearance technique during pulsatile and nonpulsatile perfusion. The cerebral blood flow measurements were repeated after lateralized ischemia was induced by occluding one middle cerebral artery and the ipsilateral carotid artery. Ischemia was confirmed by cerebral blood flow measurements and electroencephalograph changes in these anesthetized animals.
In non-ischemic brain, pulsatile perfusion increased cerebral blood flow 19% over that measured during nonpulsatile perfusion. The reduced flow seen with nonpulsatile perfusion never fell into ischemic ranges (i.e., below 25 cc/100 g/min.) in normal brain tissue. However, in brain rendered ischemic by occlusion of conductance vessels, pulsatile perfusion increased cerebral blood flow 55% over nonpulsatile perfusion, presumably by recruiting collaterals more effectively.
This study suggests important physiologic benefits from pulsatile perfusion, especially to patients on cardiopulmonary bypass with cerebrovascular insufficiency.
Brexit and ‘Global Britain’: role adaptation and contestation in trade policy
Authors: Egan Michelle , Webber Mark 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBrexit has led to major changes in UK trade policy after decades of collective trade agreements and regulatory alignment with the European Union. Following the 2016 UK referendum on EU membership, the idea of ‘Global Britain’ was touted as the central goal in securing policy autonomy and regulatory independence with respect to trade, rooted in a strong sense of liberalization unencumbered by the perceived constraints of European membership. This article suggests that the UK’s role conception as a global trading (and finance) state has been revived by Brexit. Yet the performance of this role has been mixed. Role adaptation is far from complete, and evidence from the postreferendum period suggests that the post-Brexit economy has failed to fulfil the optimistic expectations of the those who favoured Brexit. In trade, the UK has been buffeted by the post-Brexit relationship with the EU and the changing demands of the global political economy.
The effect of official intervention on reducing the use of potentially discriminatory language during the COVID-19 pandemic in China
Authors: Jiang Yiwei , Wu Hsin-Che , Zuo Yihang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study used the Baidu Index to analyze searches using discriminatory language toward the source of the outbreak during the initial stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study found a strong correlation between official intervention and a reduction in searches using discriminatory language. Following the official naming of the virus bt the government, the general public understood that searches using discriminatory language should be avoided, and search behavior dramatically changed. Meanwhile, this study also found that official intervention also overcame the effects of local socioeconomic factors. Regions with higher levels of socioeconomic development and higher population density had a stronger discriminatory language in internet searches, while the opposite was the case for regions with lower CPI and unemployment rates. However, after the official intervention, these factors no longer had a significant effect. It is recommended that officials worldwide provide early official media guidance during infectious disease outbreaks to reduce the use of discriminatory language and ensure the delivery of transparent and effective information to the public.