bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of intraocular lens power calculation formulas with and without total keratometry and ray tracing in patients with previous myopic SMILE
Authors: Meziane Elotmani Anouar , Messerschmidt-Roth Anke , Nehme Alexandra , Müller Hans-Helge , Sekundo Walter 
Published: January 2023

Purpose:
To evaluate the prediction error (PE) variance and absolute median PE of different intraocular lens (IOL) calculation formulas including last-generation formulas such as Barrett True-K with K, Okulix and total keratometry (TK)-based calculations with Haigis, and Barrett True-K in a simulation model in post–small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) eyes.

Settings:
Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany.

Design:
Prospective study.

Methods:
Preoperative measurements included IOL power calculation before and after SMILE surgery. The target refraction was set to be the lowest myopic refractive error in pre-SMILE eyes. The IOL power targeting at the lowest myopic refractive error in pre-SMILE eyes was selected for the post-SMILE IOL calculation of the same eye. The difference between the predicted refraction of pre- and post-SMILE eyes with the same IOL power was defined as IOL difference. The refractive change induced by SMILE was defined as the difference between preoperative and postoperative manifest refraction.

Results:
98 eyes from 49 patients underwent bilateral myopic SMILE. The PE variance of Okulix was not significantly different compared with Barrett True-K with TK (P = .471). The SDs of the mean PEs were ±0.413 D (Haigis-TK), ±0.453 D (Okulix), ±0.471 D (Barrett True-K with TK), ±0.556 D (Haigis-L), and ±0.576 D (Barrett True-K with K). The mean absolute PE was 0.340 D, 0.353 D, 0.404 D, 0.511 D, and 0.715 D for Haigis-TK, Okulix, Barrett True-K with TK, Barrett True-K with K, and Haigis-L, respectively. The highest percentage of eyes within ±0.50 D was achieved by Okulix, followed by Haigis-TK, Barrett True-K with TK, Barrett True-K with K, and Haigis-L.

Conclusions:
Results suggest that Haigis in combination with TK, Okulix, and Barrett True-K with and without TK offer good options for accurate IOL power calculation after SMILE. Haigis-L showed a tendency for myopic shift in eyes after previous SMILE.
Comparison of visual performance and quality of life with a new nondiffractive EDOF intraocular lens and a trifocal intraocular lens
Authors: Asena Leyla , Kırcı Dogan İrem , Oto Sibel , Dursun Altınors Dilek 
Published: January 2023

Purpose:
To compare visual performance and quality of life (QoL) following bilateral implantation of a new nondiffractive extended depth-of-focus (EDOF) intraocular lens (IOL) and a trifocal IOL.

Setting:
Department of Ophthalmology, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

Design:
Prospective comparative interventional case series.

Methods:
104 eyes of 52 patients with cataract, bilaterally implanted with a nondiffractive EDOF IOL or a trifocal IOL, were included. Outcome measures were uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), distance corrected intermediate visual acuity and distance corrected near visual acuity, defocus curves, QoL (Visual Function Index 14), quality of vision (Quality of Vision [QoV] index), contrast sensitivity (Pelli-Robson chart), and binocular reading speed.

Results:
Twenty-six patients were included in each group. The UDVA and CDVA were better in the EDOF group (0.05 ± 0.04 and 0.01 ± 0.04) than the trifocal group (0.13 ± 0.06 and 0.11 ± 0.07) (P = .02 and .01). Defocus curves showed that visual acuity was better with the EDOF IOL for vergences at 0.00, −0.50, and −1.00 and better with the trifocal IOL for vergences at −2.50, −3.00, −3.50, and −4.00. Contrast sensitivity scores were similar with both IOLs (P = .12). The overall mean QoL scores were lower in the EDOF group, indicating a better QoL (P = .04). The QoV was better in the EDOF group with significantly less glare, halos, and blurry vision (P < .01).

Conclusions:
The EDOF IOL performed better at distance, and the trifocal IOL performed better at near. Overall QoL and quality of vision were better with the EDOF IOL.
Change in major ocular biometry parameters axial length and keratometry in adults over time
Authors: Kuriakose Robin K. , Gulati Reeti , Bains Harnaina , Ramaprasad Abhijit , Chan Nicholas K. , Basti Surendra 
Published: January 2023

Purpose:
To determine how much axial length (AL) and average keratometry (K) change over time in elderly patients and to assess clinical necessity of repeating biometry in instances where the second eye is operated on 6 months or more after the first.

Setting:
Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Illinois.

Design:
Retrospective study.

Methods:
Inclusion criteria were patients older than 35 years, with 2 biometry measurements over 6 months apart, measured with the IOL Master 700 from January 1, 2016, to September 15, 2020. Patients were excluded if they had any other intraocular surgery besides cataract. A linear mixed model and SPSS software was used to compare measurements among timepoints.

Results:
201 patients (402 eyes) were included (average age 73.3, 59.3% female). Average time between biometry measurements was 21.5 months (range 6 to 48 months). The mean change in AL was 0.04 mm (95% CI, 0.03 to 0.05, P = .10). The mean change in K was 0.01 diopters (95% CI, −0.10 to 0.30, P = .33). At the 6-month to 1-year interval (n = 73), mean change in AL was 0.04 mm. Mean change in AL did not significantly increase with greater time intervals. There was no correlation between time and ΔAL (P = .70), nor between time and ΔK (P = .98).

Conclusions:
In this cohort, biometric parameters did not change significantly over time. Repeating biometry at a 1- to 2-year interval for elderly patients receiving monofocal implants may offer limited benefit.
Optimized Acute Treatment of Migraine Is Associated With Greater Productivity in People With Migraine
Authors: Buse Dawn C. , Nahas Stephanie J. , Stewart Walter (Buzz) F. , Armand Cynthia E. , Reed Michael L. , Fanning Kristina M. , Manack Adams Aubrey , Lipton Richard B. 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to ascertain whether level of optimization of acute treatment of migraine is related to work productivity across the spectrum of migraine.MethodsData were from the Chronic Migraine Epidemiology and Outcomes (CaMEO) Study, an internet-based longitudinal survey. Respondents with migraine who reported full-time employment and use of ≥1 acute prescription medication for migraine were included. We determined relationships among lost productive time (LPT; measured with the Migraine Disability Assessment Scale), acute treatment optimization (Migraine Treatment Optimization Questionnaire- ), and monthly headache days (MHDs).ResultsThere was a direct relationship between LPT and MHD category. Greater acute treatment optimization was associated with lower total LPT, less absenteeism, and less presenteeism within each MHD category.ConclusionsOptimizing acute treatment for migraine may reduce LPT in people with migraine and reduce indirect costs.
Feasibility of Using Mobile Standing Desks to Address Sedentary Behavior in Flexible Work Environments
Authors: Wilkerson Amanda H. , Elliott Carolyn R. , McFadden Ny’Nika T. , Abutalib Nuha 
Published: January 2023

Objective
The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of using mobile standing desks to address work-related sedentary behavior for adults working in flexible positions.

Methods
University employees (N = 20) in flexible positions used a mobile standing desk for 8 weeks and completed one focus group. Paired t tests were used to determine differences in workplace behavior. Focus group transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results
Work-related sitting decreased (P = 0.010, −45.88 minutes) and standing increased (P = 0.016, +41.28 minutes). Advantages included mobility, enhanced attention to tasks, and ease of use. Disadvantages included the device’s design, built environment barriers, and impact of work/life circumstances.

Conclusions
The mobile standing desk resulted in a decrease in sitting consistent with traditional standing desk-based interventions. Future interventions should consider including goal setting, reminders, feedback, and incentives.
Student Physical Therapists’ Orientation to Postprofessional Education and Perceptions of Strain: Identification of 4 Subgroups of Students Based on Cluster Analysis
Authors: Osborne Raine , Bailey Chloe , Bourassa Allison , Bourassa Michael , Dinsmore Daniel 
Published: January 2023

Introduction:
Determining why physical therapists choose certain pathways to expertise is not well understood. Developing an understanding of these different choices is important for the physical therapy profession and the future of postprofessional education.

Review of Literature:
Pathways to expertise as a physical therapist have evolved over the history of the profession, including the most recent emergence of residency education. Regardless of the path taken, physical therapists have a societal duty to be lifelong learners. The decision on which path to pursue is influenced by many factors, including financial stress, personal factors, and relational obligations. Developing an understanding of these different pathways and barriers for physical therapists is essential if the physical therapy profession is to advance with the evolving needs of society.

Subjects:
Participants were from a stratified purposive sample of Doctor of Physical Therapy Students (n = 124) across the eastern, central, and western regions of the United States.

Methods:
This study was a secondary analysis using hierarchical cluster analysis based on students’ orientation toward lifelong learning and future professional engagement, self-rated likelihood of pursuing various postprofessional education pathways, and perception of personal and interpersonal strains as a barrier to postprofessional education.

Results:
The cluster analysis resulted in a 4-cluster solution representing different student subtypes: clinically oriented average learners; resilient, clinically oriented lifelong learners; academically oriented lifelong learners; and strain-limited, clinically oriented lifelong learners.

Discussion and Conclusion:
Results from this study describe important differences in how student physical therapists view postprofessional education and the pathways they choose to pursue. Factors such as lack of awareness and the perception of personal or interpersonal strain may influence these decisions. Understanding postprofessional education decision making of student physical therapists is of particular interest to the physical therapy profession given the current debates related to student debt and the necessity of residency education. Further research is needed to understand how to increase awareness and diminish barriers to quality postprofessional education for physical therapists.
A lung squamous cell carcinoma-associated membranous nephropathy patient free of tumor and membranous nephropathy after the treatment of surgery and radiochemotherapy following pembrolizumab: A rare case report
Authors: Chen Feifei , Du Haiwei , Fang Surong 
Published: January 2023

Rationale:
Membranous nephropathy (MN) is an autoimmune disease, which is classified into primary and secondary MN. Malignancy-associated MN (M-MN) accounts for about 10% of secondary MN cases. Lung cancer is the most common type of malignancy among M-MN patients. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) or programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) have showed promising efficacy and good safety in many types of solid tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer. To date, whether ICIs could be a treatment option for M-MN patients with PD-L1 expression and or high tumor mutation burden (TMB) level has not been documented.

Patient concerns:
A 68-year-old male patient presented with edema of the lower limbs with increased urine foam in August 2018. Biopsy on the right kidney showed MN at stage I with subepithelially localized immune deposits.

Diagnosis:
Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC)-associated MN with PD-L1 expression (20%) and high TMB level (26.2 mutations/Mb).

Interventions:
The patient received immunosuppressive therapy targeting the initially diagnosed primary MN as first-line treatment plus surgery and radiochemotherapy following pembrolizumab targeting the definitively diagnosed lung cancer as second-line treatment.

Outcomes:
The patient benefited from radiochemotherapy following pembrolizumab (lasting more than 38 months) rather than immunosuppressive therapy.

Lessons:
Our work suggests that combined ICIs might be an effective treatment option for M-MN patients who harbor PD-L1 expression. Our work highlights that the presence of malignancy should not be neglected at the initial diagnosis of MN.
Occult colon cancer with liver abscess and pancreatitis as the first manifestations: A case report
Authors: Yang Shan , Zhao Jin , Liu Qi 
Published: January 2023

Introduction:Klebsiella pneumoniae-induced liver abscess (KP-PLA) is a common type of pyogenic liver abscess, severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) has high mortality, and poor prognosis in advanced colon cancer. There have been no report of SAP complicated with colon cancer after KP-PLA as so far. In this study, we reported a case of SAP secondary to KP-PLA with colon cancer for the first time, so as to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of these diseases.Patient concerns and diagnosis:A 64-year-old woman with a history of diabetes visited our hospital with abdominal pain for 5 + days. He was diagnosed with KP-PLA a month ago, which had not healed when he was admitted. He was diagnosed with SAP, and histological examination of colonic biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma.Interventions and outcomes:He was treated with intravenous antibiotics and underwent modified endoscopic mucosal resection under colonoscopy. We conducted a 2-month follow-up, and there was no recurrence of liver abscess and pancreatitis.Conclusion:Screening for intestinal tumors is necessary in patients with cryptogenic liver abscess, especially KP-PLA with diabetes.
Pericardial Fat, Socioeconomic Status, and Biological Responses to Acute Mental Stress
Authors: Miller Natalie Ella , Steptoe Andrew 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective
Central adiposity is associated with impaired biological responses to mental stress, and socioeconomic status (SES) might moderate this relationship. However, evidence for associations between pericardial fat, a fat depot implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD), with cardiovascular and inflammatory responses to mental stress is lacking, and moderation by SES is unknown.

Methods
The sample was 473 healthy men and women (mean age = 62.8 years) from the Whitehall II study. Cardiovascular and inflammatory responses to laboratory-induced mental stress, consisting of a 5-minute Stroop task and 5-minute mirror tracing task, were assessed. Pericardial fat volume was measured using electron bean computed tomography and adjusted for body surface area. SES was defined by grade of employment within the British civil service (higher/intermediate/lower).

Results
Pericardial fat was associated with lower heart rate variability, raised heart rate, plasma interleukin-6, fibrinogen, and C-reactive protein at baseline. Furthermore, greater pericardial fat was associated with lower systolic blood pressure reactivity to mental stress, independent of sociodemographics, smoking status, waist-to-hip ratio, and baseline systolic blood pressure. There were no interactions between pericardial fat and SES for any outcome.

Conclusions
Greater pericardial fat was associated with numerous cardiovascular and inflammatory factors implicated in CVD. It was also related to reduced systolic blood pressure reactivity to acute mental stress, independent of central adiposity and baseline systolic blood pressure. This association did not vary by SES. Reduced systolic blood pressure reactivity to mental stress might contribute to the association between greater pericardial fat and CVD.
Low-cost prosthetic feet for underserved populations: A comparison of gait analysis and mechanical stiffness
Authors: Banks Brevin P. , Frei Joshua S. , Spencer Alyssa , Renninger Kaleigh D. , Grover Jordan K. , Abbott Kaitlin , Carlson Benjamin J. , Bruening Dustin A. 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Lower-limb loss is an ongoing cause of disability throughout the world. Despite advancements in prosthetic technologies, there are numerous underserved populations in need of effective low-cost prosthetic foot options.

Objective:
To evaluate the biomechanical performance of several low-cost prosthetic feet, using a combination of instrumented gait analysis and mechanical stiffness testing.

Study design:
Randomized crossover with additional case study.

Methods:
We compared the solid-ankle-cushioned-heel (SACH), Jaipur, and Niagara feet with carbon fiber feet. Mechanical stiffness was evaluated using a cantilever-style bending test at 2 angles that was designed to mimic late stance gait loading. Eight below-knee amputees participated in the gait analysis, which focused on foot and ankle motion and energetics.

Results:
Metric analysis showed significant differences among feet in ankle motion and power as well as distal-to-shank power, with SACH showing reduced ankle motion and positive work compared with the other feet. Waveform analysis additionally revealed a compensatory knee flexion moment in SACH and a knee extension moment in Niagara and Jaipur during midstance. In mechanical stiffness testing, SACH had the highest stiffness, with Niagara and carbon fiber roughly similar, and Jaipur the most compliant with the greatest hysteresis.

Conclusions:
There may be an optimal stiffness range for future prosthesis designs that maximizes propulsive energy. This may be achieved by combining some characteristics of Jaipur and Niagara feet in new designs. Ultimately, optimizing stiffness and energetics for gait biomimicry while maintaining cost, availability, and versatility across cultures will alleviate the effects of limb loss among underserved populations.
Comparison of prosthetic mobility and balance in transfemoral amputees with bone-anchored prosthesis vs. socket prosthesis
Authors: Gailey Robert S. , Kristal Anat , Al Muderis Munjed , Lučarević Jennifer , Clemens Sheila , Applegate E. Brooks , Isaacson Brad M. , Pasquina Paul F. , Symsack Allison , Gaunaurd Ignacio A. 
Published: January 2023

Background:
The literature comparing bone-anchored prosthesis (BAP) with socket prosthesis (SP) consistently reports improvement in physical health and quality of life using primarily patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs).

Objective:
To determine the differences in mobility and balance using performance-based outcome measures and PROMs in people with transfemoral amputations (TFAs) fitted with BAP vs. SP.

Study design:
Causal comparative.

Methods:
Two groups of people with TFAs were recruited: one using a BAP (N = 11; mean age ± standard deviation, 44 ± 14.9 years; mean residual limb length as a percentage of the intact femur, 68% ± 15.9) and another group using a SP (N = 11; mean age ± standard deviation, 49.6 ± 16.0 years; mean residual limb length as a percentage of the intact femur, 81% ± 13.9), and completed the 10-meter walk test, component timed-up-and-go, Prosthetic Limb Users Survey of Mobility™ 12-item, and Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale.

Results:
There were no statistically significant differences between the BAP and SP groups in temporal spatial gait parameters and prosthetic mobility as measured by the 10-meter walk test and component timed-up-and-go, yet large effect sizes were found for several variables. In addition, Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale and Prosthetic Limb Users Survey of Mobility™ scores were not statistically different between the BAP and SP groups, yet a large effect sizes were found for both variables.

Conclusions:
This study found that people with TFA who use a BAP can demonstrate similar temporal spatial gait parameters and prosthetic mobility, as well as self-perceived balance confidence and prosthetic mobility as SP users. Therefore, suggesting that the osseointegration reconstruction surgical procedure provides an alternative option for a specific population with TFA who cannot wear nor have limitations with a SP. Future research with a larger sample and other performance-based outcome measures and PROMs of prosthetic mobility and balance would further determine the differences between the prosthetic options.
Foley Balloon Pull Test of Pelvic Floor Muscle Strength
Authors: Spector Sean , Mama Saifuddin , Andrews Michele , Lipetskaia Lioudmila 
Published: January 2023

Importance
Methods for pelvic floor muscle (PFM) strength testing are limited by their subjective nature, prohibitive cost, training burden, or lack of validation.

Objectives
The objectives of this study are to validate a new, inexpensive, and accessible method for PFM strength testing using a 30-mL Foley balloon inserted into the vagina, the Foley Balloon Pull Test (FPT), and to demonstrate external validity by comparing the subjective Oxford Muscle Grading Scale (OMGS) scores to measurements obtained with the FPT. Secondary objectives include demonstrating repeatability and internal validity of the FPT.

Study Design
Participants underwent PFM strength testing with the OMGS on a 0 to 5 scale. A gauge was attached to the Foley balloon to measure the force required to remove the balloon from the vagina. Three measures at rest and 3 measures during maximal muscle contraction were recorded. Cross-sectional data were analyzed.

Results
One hundred one participants were included; there were no adverse events. The ratio of contraction FPT measurements to at-rest measurements revealed moderate linear and rank order correlation with the OMGS (R
2 = 0.54, P < 0.001, and R
2 = 0.58, P < 0.001). The reliability of repeated measurements was highly correlated, with intraclass correlation coefficients >0.95. An FPT ratio of 1.75 discriminated between weak (0–2) and strong (3–5) OMGS scores with an area under the curve of 0.86.

Conclusion
The FPT is an internally reliable, simple, and externally valid method of PFM strength testing.