bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neural processing of pain-related distress to neck-specific movements in people with chronic whiplash-associated disorders
Authors: Murillo Carlos , Coppieters Iris , Cagnie Barbara , Bernaers Lisa , Bontinck Jente , Meeus Mira , Timmers Inge 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPain-related distress contributes to long-term disability in chronic whiplash-associated disorders. Recently, neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural responses to viewing pictures of movements associated with back pain in key regions for threat and affective processing. In this study, we examined neural correlates of imagining neck-specific movements designed to elicit pain-related distress in individuals with whiplash-associated disorders (n = 63) when compared with that in sex-matched pain-free controls (n = 32). In the scanner, participants were presented with neck-specific movement-related pictures divided into 3 categories (high fear, moderate-fear, and neutral control pictures) and asked to imagine how they would feel if they were performing the movement. Whole-brain analyses revealed greater differential activation (high-fear vs neutral) in individuals with whiplash-associated disorders when compared with that in pain-free controls in 6 clusters including right and left postcentral gyri, left parietal operculum, dorsal precuneus, left superior frontal gyrus/anterior cingulate cortex, and posterior cingulate cortex/ventral precuneus. For the contrast moderate-fear vs neutral, patients showed greater differential activation than controls in the right and left posterolateral cerebellum. Activation patterns in the precuneus and posterior cingulate cortex were negatively associated with pain-related fear, but no other correlations were observed. Together, the findings suggest that when conceptualizing neck-specific movements associated with pain, people with chronic whiplash-associated disorders may predict—and potentially amplify—their sensory and affective consequences and therewith trigger dysfunctional affective and/or behavioral responses. Herewith, we provide new insights into the neural mechanisms underlying chronic pain in people with whiplash-associated disorders, pointing towards a complex interplay between cognitive/affective and sensorimotor circuitry.
NMR foodomics in the assessment of diet and effects beyond nutrients
Authors: Bertram Hanne Christine 
Published: March 2023

Purpose of reviewThis review provides an overview of most recent research studies employing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics in the assessment of effects of diet and food ingestion.Recent findingsNMR metabolomics is a useful tool in the elucidation of specific diets, for example, the Mediterranean diet, the New Nordic diet types, and also for comparing vegan, vegetarian and omnivore diets where specific diet-linked metabolite perturbations have been identified. Another core area where NMR metabolomics is employed involves research focused on examining specific food components or ingredients, including dietary fibers and other functional components. In several cases, NMR metabolomics has aided to document how specific food components exert effects on the metabolic activity of the gut microbiota. Research has also demonstrated the potential use of NMR metabolomics in assessing diet quality and interactions between specific food components such as meat and diet quality. The implications of these findings are important as they address that background diet can be decisive for if food items turn out to exert either harmful or health-promoting effects.SummaryNMR metabolomics can provide important mechanistic insight and aid to biomarker discovery with implications for compliance and food registration purposes.
Nonceliac gluten sensitivity
Authors: Catassi Carlo , Catassi Giulia , Naspi Loris 
Published: March 2023

Purpose of review
To describe recent advances on nonceliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), a recently described disorder characterized by variable symptoms and frequent irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-like manifestations.

Recent findings
The recent description of disease-triggering wheat components other than gluten, such as fructans and amylase-trypsin inhibitors (ATIs), definitely suggests that nonceliac wheat sensitivity (NCWS) is a better ‘umbrella‘ terminology than NCGS. Self-reported NCWS is very common worldwide, particularly in patients seen at the gastroenterology clinic, but many of these diagnoses are not confirmed by standard clinical criteria. A biomarker of NCWS is still lacking, however, subtle histological features at the small intestinal biopsy may facilitate diagnosis. Treatment of NCWS is based on the gluten-free diet (GFD). The GFD has proven to be an effective treatment of a significant proportion of NCWS-related IBS patients. Dietary therapies for IBS, including the GFD, should be offered by dietitians who first assess dietary triggers and then tailor the intervention according to patient choice. Pioneer studies are under way to test the therapeutic efficacy of supplemental gluten-digesting enzyme preparations in patients with NCWS.

Summary
Recent studies highlight interesting pathophysiological and clinical features of NCWS. Many questions remain, however, unanswered, such as the epidemiology, a biomarker(s), and the natural history of this clinical entity.
Bempedoic acid for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: evidence and mechanisms of action
Authors: Roglans Núria , Laguna Juan Carlos , Alegret Marta 
Published: March 2023

Purpose of review
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a highly prevalent progressive condition that lacks a specific pharmacological treatment. ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY) is one of the emergent targets for the treatment of NAFLD. This review aims to summarize the role of ACLY in NAFLD, provide evidence of the beneficial effects of the ACLY inhibitor bempedoic acid (BemA) in NAFLD and discuss the mechanisms involved.

Recent findings
BemA is effective in reducing hepatic steatosis in several animal models that recapitulate different stages of the disease. Thus, in a dietary model of simple hepatic steatosis in female rats, BemA abrogates the accumulation of liver fat. Apart from ACLY inhibition, BemA has several functions in the liver that contribute to the antisteatotic effect: inhibition of ketohexokinase, induction of patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 and increases in both fatty acid β-oxidation activity and hepatic H2S production. In models of the advanced phases of NAFLD, BemA reduces not only steatosis, but also ballooning, lobular inflammation and hepatic fibrosis, by mechanisms involving both hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells.

Summary
BemA, an ACLY inhibitor currently approved for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia, may be a useful drug to treat NAFLD through its antisteatotic, anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects.
A Scoping Review of Compassion Fatigue Among Oncology Nurses Caring for Adult Patients
Authors: Banks Janneka , Lopez Violeta , Sahay Ashlyn , Cleary Michelle 
Published: March 2023

Background
Oncology nurses have frequent contact with oncology patients during their cancer journey. This long-term, recurrent contact can impact the health and well-being of the nurse through the development of compassion fatigue (CF).

Objectives
To identify what contributes to CF and what individual, interpersonal, and organizational factors mitigate CF among oncology nurses caring for adult patients.

Methods
A scoping review framework by Arksey and O’Malley guided this review. Electronic databases were searched for relevant studies. A blinded screening process was undertaken by the authors using the following inclusion criteria: English language published from January 2011 to December 2021, primary research peer-reviewed studies, and focusing on CF within oncology nurses caring for adult patients in any practice setting.

Results
Nineteen studies (21 articles) were identified. The review found nurses’ personal beliefs around nursing care being provided, and personality traits of psychological inflexibility, neuroticism, passive coping, and avoidance contributed to CF. Workplace conflict and lack of a healthy work-life balance also contributed to CF. However, nurses’ personal resilience, ability to positively reflect upon their work, a supportive team environment, and continuing education were found to mitigate CF.

Conclusions
Levels of CF vary among oncology nurses caring for adult patients. Oncology nurses may benefit from personal and organizational resources aimed at improving oncology nurses’ professional quality of life while decreasing CF.

Implications for Practice
Consideration and future research of effective interventions are needed to sustain a future health workforce and mitigate CF among oncology nurses.
High Prevalence of Rectal Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Among Men Who Have Sex With Men Who Do Not Engage in Receptive Anal Sex
Authors: Khosropour Christine M. , Coomes David M. , LeClair Angela , Saechao Farchung , Vorn Seila , Soge Olusegun O. , Barbee Lindley A. 
Published: March 2023

Background
In the United States, annual screening for rectal gonorrhea and chlamydia is only recommended for men who report receptive anal sex (RAS), but other behaviors (e.g., rimming) may lead to rectal Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae acquisition.

Methods
We enrolled individuals assigned male sex at birth who reported sex with men and denied RAS in the past 2 years or reported RAS 1 to 2 years ago but were tested and treated since last RAS. Participants enrolled in-person at the Sexual Health Clinic in Seattle, Washington (December 2019–July 2022), or online (July 2021–March 2022). Participants completed a survey that asked about 13 non-RAS behaviors and self-collected a rectal swab for gonorrhea/chlamydia nucleic acid amplification testing. We used log binomial regression to estimate the prevalence of rectal gonorrhea/chlamydia (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR]) by behavior, adjusting for all other behaviors.

Results
We enrolled 292 participants (247 in-person and 45 online); 277 (95%) had nucleic acid amplification testing results. Rectal gonorrhea/chlamydia test positivity was 14.1% overall: 10.5% for rectal chlamydia and 4.3% for rectal gonorrhea. Most participants (70%) reported ≥1 behavior that involved direct contact with their anus. We observed a higher risk of rectal chlamydia for those who did versus did not report perianal play at 12 months (aPR, 2.39; 95% confidence interval, 1.10–5.22) and 2 months (aPR, 2.21; 95% confidence interval, 1.02–4.79). This was the only behavior significantly associated with testing positive.

Conclusions
Rectal C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae prevalence was high among men who deny RAS, suggesting other possible routes of acquisition. Rectal screening for those who deny RAS should be made with careful consideration of individual- and population-level effects.
Embedding a Dedicated Sexual Health Clinic in a University's Health Services Expands Sexually Transmitted Infection Screening Options
Authors: Camino Andres F. , Whitfield Meghan , Pridgen Kathleen , Van Der Pol Barbara , Van Wagoner Nicholas 
Published: March 2023

Background
The primary objectives of this study were to assess utilization of sexual health services at a university's student health and wellness center and to determine whether the presence of a dedicated sexual health clinic (SHC) was associated with different utilization patterns for sexual health services when compared with primary care clinics.

Methods
This was a retrospective chart review of patients presenting to the University of Alabama at Birmingham's Student Health and Wellness Center for sexual health services between January 2015 and June 2019. Utilization of sexual health services, specifically sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing, was compared between the dedicated SHC and primary care clinics.

Results
A total of 3081 cases were included. There were statistically significant differences in the proportion of male individuals and populations more burdened by STI tested for STI in the SHC (i.e., persons who identify as Black and younger female individual). We also observed a higher percentage of positive gonorrhea and chlamydia test results and a greater likelihood of extragenital screening in men who have sex with men in the SHC.

Conclusions
The dedicated SHC within the University of Alabama at Birmingham's Student Health and Wellness Center was associated with an increase in STI screenings. There was a significant difference between the demographics of those presenting to the SHC versus primary care clinics, proportionally more diagnoses of gonorrhea and chlamydia, and, for men who have sex with men, more extragenital screenings performed in the SHC. These findings suggest that there may be a benefit of an embedded SHC in college and university health and wellness centers.
Bibliometric Analysis of Authorship of Publications about Sub-Saharan Africa Published in the Journal Sexually Transmitted Diseases, 2011-2020
Authors: Akudinobi Ezinne A. , Rietmeijer Cornelis A. , Ndowa Francis J. , Kilmarx Peter H. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
As a potential indicator of equity in research partnerships, we conducted a bibliometric analysis of author affiliations and author order in publications about sub-Saharan Africa published in the journal Sexually Transmitted Diseases.

Methods
We identified articles in the journal Sexually Transmitted Diseases that were about sub-Saharan Africa and published from 2011 to 2020. Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms in PubMed were used to identity articles about sub-Saharan Africa. Authors with at least one affiliation in sub-Saharan Africa were characterized as sub-Saharan Africa-affiliated authors.

Results
Of the 1,439 articles that were published in Sexually Transmitted Diseases from 2011 to 2020, 148 (10%) had a MeSH term for a sub-Saharan African country. Of the 604 authors of these 148 articles, 53 (36%) of the first authors, 493 (53%) of the middle authors, and 58 (40%) of the last authors had a sub-Saharan African affiliation; 13 (8.8%) of the articles had no authors with a sub-Saharan African affiliation. The proportions of sub-Saharan African-affiliated authors in first and last authorship positions did not change significantly from 2011-15 (77 articles) to 2016-20 (71 articles).

Conclusions
The underrepresentation of Africans in first and last authorship positions suggests power imbalances in global scientific partnerships. Funders, researchers, editors, publishers, and grant and manuscript reviewers each have roles in promoting equity in global health research. This study may serve as an example for journals to establish benchmarks and monitor progress toward a more equitable research environment.
Collateral Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic: The New York City Experience
Authors: Davies Emily G. , Gould L. Hannah , Le Karolyn , Helmy Hannah , Lall Ramona , Li Wenhui , Mathes Robert , Levanon Seligson Amber , Van Wye Gretchen , Chokshi Dave A. 
Published: March 2023

Objective:
To adapt an existing surveillance system to monitor the collateral impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on health outcomes in New York City across 6 domains: access to care, chronic disease, sexual/reproductive health, food/economic insecurity, mental/behavioral health, and environmental health.

Design:
Epidemiologic assessment. Public health surveillance system.

Setting:
New York City.

Participants:
New York City residents.

Main Outcome Measures:
We monitored approximately 30 indicators, compiling data from 2006 to 2022. Sources of data include clinic visits, surveillance surveys, vital statistics, emergency department visits, lead and diabetes registries, Medicaid claims, and public benefit enrollment.

Results:
We observed disruptions across most indicators including more than 50% decrease in emergency department usage early in the pandemic, which rebounded to prepandemic levels by late 2021, changes in reporting levels of probable anxiety and depression, and worsening birth outcomes for mothers who identified as Asian/Pacific Islander or Black. Data are processed in SAS and analyzed using the R Surveillance package to detect possible inflections. Data are updated monthly to an internal Tableau Dashboard and shared with agency leadership.

Conclusions:
As the COVID-19 pandemic continues into its third year, public health priorities are returning to addressing non–COVID-19-related diseases and conditions, their collateral impacts, and postpandemic recovery needs. Substantial work is needed to return even to a suboptimal baseline across multiple health topic areas. Our surveillance framework offers a valuable starting place to effectively allocate resources, develop interventions, and issue public communications.
Policy Opportunities and Legal Considerations to Reform SNAP-Authorized Food Retail Environments
Authors: Pomeranz Jennifer L. 
Published: March 2023

Context:
There is an invigorated national interest in nutrition security, with emphasis on the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) playing a key role.

Objective:
To support healthy food purchasing, several strategies have emerged to modify the food retail environment. However, the legal feasibility of several such policy options has not been established.

Design:
Research was conducted using Lexis+ to evaluate statutes, regulations, and case law to determine the legal feasibility of requiring retail-based SNAP signage and nutrition disclosures, healthy endcaps and checkout aisles, and tying advertising restrictions to the licensing of SNAP retailers.

Setting:
US in-store and online food retail retailers.

Main Outcome Measure:
Legal feasibility.

Results:
Requiring retailers that designate certain foods or locations as SNAP-eligible to consistently do so in all SNAP-eligible pages/locations is likely feasible. If properly drafted to focus on the nutritional quality of food, healthy checkout and endcap restrictions are legally feasible. It is of unclear legal feasibility to require retailers (especially in-store) to disclose nutrition-related labeling, shelf tags, or nonfactual symbols indicating the relative healthfulness of products. Restricting or banning advertising is not legally feasible even if the government ties the restrictions to retail licensing requirements.

Conclusions:
Entities seeking to support healthy food retail should not seek to restrict advertising or compel retailers to convey messages against their interests. The government can license retailers and require them to abide by laws and other requirements that do not violate their constitutional rights. The government can also use its own speech through public service announcements, billboards, and transit advertising to encourage healthy food consumption for all shoppers including those who use SNAP. Additional research is warranted into online retail practices to evaluate variations in online checkout pages and to determine whether online retailers treat SNAP participants differently from non-SNAP participants.
Discrimination of Liver Metastases of Digestive System Neuroendocrine Tumors From Neuroendocrine Carcinoma by Computed Tomography–Based Radiomics Analysis
Authors: Gu Xiao-Lei , Cui Yong , Zhu Hai-Tao , Li Xiao-Ting , Pei Xiang , He Xiao-Xiao , Yang Li , Lu Ming , Li Zhong-Wu , Sun Ying-Shi 
Published: March 2023

Objective
The aim of the study is to investigate the value of computed tomography (CT) radiomics features to discriminate the liver metastases (LMs) of digestive system neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) from neuroendocrine carcinoma (NECs).

Methods
Ninety-nine patients with LMs of digestive system neuroendocrine neoplasms from 2 institutions were included. Radiomics features were extracted from the portal venous phase CT images by the Pyradiomics and then selected by using the t test, Pearson correlation analysis, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method. The radiomics score (Rad score) for each patient was constructed by linear combination of the selected radiomics features. The radiological model was constructed by radiological features using the multivariable logistic regression. Then, the combined model was constructed by combining Rad score and the radiological model into logistic regression. The performance of all models was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic curves with the area under curve (AUC).

Results
In the radiological model, only the enhancement degree (odds ratio, 8.299; 95% confidence interval, 2.070–32.703; P = 0.003) was an independent predictor for discriminating the LMs of digestive system NETs from those of NECs. The combined model constructed by the Rad score in combination with the enhancement degree showed good discrimination performance, with AUCs of 0.893, 0.841, and 0.740 in the training, testing, and external validation groups, respectively. In addition, it performed better than radiological model in the training and testing groups (AUC, 0.893 vs 0.726; AUC, 0.841 vs 0.621).

Conclusions
The CT radiomics might be useful for discrimination LMs of digestive system NECs from NETs.
RIGHT VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION IN SEPSIS: AN UPDATED NARRATIVE REVIEW
Authors: Bansal Mridul , Mehta Aryan , Machanahalli Balakrishna Akshay , Kalyan Sundaram Arvind , Kanwar Ardaas , Singh Mandeep , Vallabhajosyula Saraschandra 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Sepsis is a multisystem disease process, which constitutes a significant public health challenge and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Among other systems, sepsis is known to affect the cardiovascular system, which may manifest as myocardial injury, arrhythmias, refractory shock, and/or septic cardiomyopathy. Septic cardiomyopathy is defined as the reversible systolic and/or diastolic dysfunction of one or both ventricles. Left ventricle dysfunction has been extensively studied in the past, and its prognostic role in patients with sepsis is well documented. However, there is relatively scarce literature on right ventricle (RV) dysfunction and its role. Given the importance of timely detection of septic cardiomyopathy and its bearing on prognosis of patients, the role of RV dysfunction has come into renewed focus. Hence, through this review, we sought to describe the pathophysiology of RV dysfunction in sepsis and what have we learnt so far about its multifactorial nature. We also elucidate the roles of different biomarkers for its detection and prognosis, along with appropriate management of such patient population.