bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment and Mapping of Land Cover/Use Aided by Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques in Elnour Natural Forest, Blue Nile State, Sudan
Authors: Hamed Abass Mohamed Elhag , Abdelwahab Motasim Hyder , Ibrahim Mohammed Ahmed , Osman El Mamoun Haroun 
Published: December 2022

The main aim of this study was to assess and mapping of land cover (LC) / land use (LU), using Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS) techniques in Elnor natural forest reserve, Blue Nile state, Sudan. The study also attempted to update some information in the study area such as LC and contour map by using different methods of data transformation and analysis such as Normalized Different Vegetation Index (NDVI), interpolation and supervised classification. Thematic Mapper (TM), Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+) and Landsat8 images were used in LCLU changes and supported by field observation. The study area was affected by cutting the mother trees and overgrazing. Closed forests during 2000, 2010 and 2019 decreased from 36.9%, 28.5% and 18.7% respectively. Moreover, the total area of bare soil increased by about 14.4%, 47.2% and 39.7% in 2000, 2010 and 2019 respectively. The open forest (grassland) decreased from 48.7% in (2000) to 41.7% in (2019). A Digital land cover map was produced using LCCS software; depending on the fieldwork data, they were found in four Classes. Mixed Woodland Single Layer, Semi-Deciduous Shrub land with Open Herbaceous, Open Grassland, Single XII Layer and Hardpans. The study revealed that there are some indicators of land degradation during the last 20 years (2000, 2010 and 2019) and is expected to continue increasing unless serious measures are carried out to reduce it.
Systematic analysis of the dominant types of entomophages in fruit orchards
Authors: Rаkhmanova М.К. , Khamdamov К.Q. , U.Rasulova  , G.Turdiyeva  , G.Rahmonova  , R.Saliyeva  
Published: December 2022

Abstract: The formation of entomophauna in orchards and their development has a great importance, and it greatly influences to the number of phitofags. During our observations of entomophages orchard in agrobiocenosis indentified 24 dominant types which belong to seven families. Moveover, researches of entomophages show 24 dominant types which belong to 7 families. Besides that we have analysed the share of entomophage varieties concerning the entomophages.
The Improvement of Trade Convergence by Beta and Euclidean Techniques: Evidence from a three stage convergence procedure
Authors: Anastasiou Athanasios , Aridas Christos K. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

This paper explores the improvement of convergence dynamics regarding exports and imports by considering a three-stage convergence methodology based on beta and Euclidean distance techniques. We use annual date for 33 European countries covering the period 2010–2019. We managed to decrease the aforementioned asymmetries by intelligently eliminating the country that prevents the trade convergence. Our results provide evidence of convergence pattern regarding exports and imports after excluding Luxembourg from the sample.
JEL: C33; E62; H20.
Modelling the effect of aerosol and greenhouse gas forcing on the South &amp; East Asian monsoons with an intermediate complexity climate model
Authors: Recchia Lucy G. , Lucarini Valerio 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The South and East Asian summer monsoons are globally significant meteorological features, creating a strongly seasonal pattern of precipitation. The stability of such a strongly seasonal hydrological cycle is of extreme importance for a vast range of ecosystems and for the livelihoods of a large share of the world's population.
Simulations are performed with an intermediate complexity climate model, PLASIM, to assess the future response of the monsoons to changing concentrations of aerosols and greenhouse gases. The aerosol loading consists of a mid-tropospheric warming and a surface cooling, which is applied to India, Southeast Asia and East China, both concurrently and independently. The primary effect of increased aerosol loading is a decrease in summer precipitation in the vicinity of the applied forcing, although the regional response varies significantly. The decrease in precipitation is only partially ascribable to a decrease in the precipitable water, and instead derives from a reduction of the precipitation efficiency, due to changes in the stratification of the atmosphere.
When the aerosol loading is added in all regions simultaneously, precipitation in East China is most strongly affected, with a quite distinct transition to a low precipitation regime as the radiative forcing increases beyond 60 W/m2. The response is less abrupt as we move westward, with precipitation in South India being least affected. This lower sensitivity in South India is attributed to aerosol forcing over East China. Additionally, the effect on precipitation is approximately linear with the forcing.
The impact of doubling carbon dioxide levels is to increase precipitation over the regions and weaken the circulation. When the carbon dioxide and aerosol forcings are applied at the same time, the carbon dioxide forcing partially offsets the surface cooling and reduction in precipitation associated with the aerosol response.
Association between anorexia and hypoalbuminemia in the patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis
Authors: Yang Zhen , Qi Xiaoting , Huang Yanlin , Zou Baolin , Li Gaopeng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Hypoalbuminemia is commonly observed in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients and can serve as an important predictor of death in MHD patients. Anorexia is one of the important factors leading to hypoalbuminemia in MHD patients, so the purpose of this study was to examine the possible association between hypoalbuminemia and anorexia in MHD patients.
Methods: Patients from three blood purification centers in Nanning, Guangxi, China, who met the inclusion criteria were selected. Anorexia was assessed by appetite assessment questionnaire. The presence of hypoalbuminemia was determined based on the level of serum albumin. Thereafter, an association between hypoalbuminemia and anorexia was analyzed using multiple logistics regression.
Results: A total of 319 participants, age 54.80±15.41 (62.7% male), were included in the study. In this study,the prevalence of hypoalbuminemia was 22.3% (71) and the prevalence of anorexia was 34.2% (109). According to multiple logistics regression analysis, hypoalbuminemia and anorexia were independently correlated in Crude Model 1(OR:4.235 95%CI: 2.436 to 7.362 P＜0.001) and Adjust Model (OR:3.447 95%CI:1.654 to 7.185 P=0.001). In addition, age and symptom score were established as important risk factors for hypoalbuminemia(P＜0.001); Body Mass Index (BMI), weekly dialysis frequency and serum total calcium (TCa) were identified as protective factors for hypoalbuminemia(P＜0.001).
Conclusions: Anorexia is an independent risk factor for the occurrence of hypoalbuminemia. In MHD patients, the incidence of anorexia and hypoalbuminemia can increase significantly with increasing age, and can lead to a significant decline in the quality of life. In the future, further studies are needed to further verify the relevant mechanisms between them, to provide reference for clinical intervention in MHD patients.
Mucormycosis mimicking portal hypertensive haemorrhage as a complication of alcoholic liver cirrhosis: A case report
Authors: Ji Ran 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Mucor is a rare cause of gastrointestinal ulcers. This case describes a case of mucormycosis, which was related to immunosuppression because of liver cirrhosis. During the treatment of traumatic splenic rupture, the patient developed upper gastrointestinal bleeding(UGIB)and was diagnosed to be related to mucormycosis-related gastric ulcer. The case emphasizes the importance of excluding fungal-induced ulcer haemorrhage before making a diagnosis of Portal hypertensive-induced variceal haemorrhage in patients with liver cirrhosis.
High-temperature superconductivity (TC = 42 K) of Fe1.2[Fe(tepa)]0.8(β-Fe3Se4)4
Authors: Li Da , Kuang Qifeng , Men Xiaoling , Zhang Bo , Shang Xiaolei , Yang Bing , Yang Teng , Li Zhiwei , Zhang Zhidong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Discovering new superconducting (SC) system, in particular with a high SC transition temperature (TC), helps for a better understanding of mechanism of high TC superconductors. Here we report a solution synthesis of a mixed valent hybrid superconductor, Fe1.2[Fe(tepa)]0.8(β-Fe3Se4)4 (tepa = tetraethylenepentamine), which exhibits superconductivity at TC ~42 K. This superconductor shows a √2×√2 superstructure the same as that of β-Fe3Se4. Besides ordered Fe vacancies, other iron sites in this structure are fully occupied by divalent and ferric irons as determined by X-ray absorption and Mössbauer spectra. The structure of Fe1.2[Fe(tepa)]0.8(β-Fe3Se4)4 is distinguished from the structures of previously reported FeSe-based superconductors with all Fe in the +2 oxidation state that was critical parameter in the promotion of superconductivity. We found that the SC order of this superconductor originates from a suppression of the long-range ferrimagnetic (FIM) order of the parent phase, [Fe(tepa)](β-Fe2Se3)4, through simultaneously tuning the host and the spacer layers.
Solid-phase extraction of estrogen hormones from environmental water samples onto chemically modified carbon cryogel
Authors: Prokić Danijela , Vukčević Marija , Maletić Marina , Kalijadis Ana , Pejić Jovanka , Babić Biljana , Đurkić Tatjana 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this study, pristine and chemically treated carbon cryogel (CC) was employed as a solid-phase extraction (SPE) adsorbent for the isolation and enrichment of estrogens from water samples. A novel, sensitive, selective, and cost-effective analytical method for the determination of estrone, 17β-estradiol, and 17α-ethinylestradiol, based on solid-phase extraction coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), was developed and validated. The SPE procedure was optimized by selecting the appropriate adsorbent mass, the sample volume, the sample pH, and the type and volume of elution solvent. The influence of the chemical treatment of carbon cryogel on extraction efficiency was also studied, and it was shown that HNO3 treatment led to a slight increase in recovery values over untreated CC. High recovery values (82–95%) obtained by the optimized extraction method were comparable with the recoveries obtained by commercial cartridges. Finally, the optimized method was successfully applied to the analysis of selected hormones in groundwater, surface water, and wastewater samples. The matrix effect of all tested water types was negligible, indicating the high adsorbent selectivity of examined materials toward observed hormones.
Correlation between lumbar facet joint tropism and lumbar disc herniation
Authors: Han Ye , Sun Shaosong , Li Shuang , Li Yilun , Wang Jianzhong , Wang Xiaodong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background The relationship between lumbar facet tropism and lumbar disc herniation is not clear. Previous studies used axial plane to evaluate the relationship between lumbar facet tropism and lumbar disc herniation. However, facet joint tropism occurs in three-dimensional structures, so the evaluation of sagittal plane is also very important. In this study, the relationship between lumbar facet tropism and lumbar disc herniation is analyzed from axial and sagittal planes by MRI. Methods Patients with lumbar disc herniation who were recruited in our hospital from 01 Jan 2020 to 01 Apr 2020. As a control, normal subjects at the same time period were selected. Their MRI data were evaluated by two experienced spinal surgeons. There were 122 patients with lumbar disc herniation and 102 normal people. The axial and sagittal angles of lumbar facet joints were measured. The 10 ° difference was defined as lumbar facet tropism, and the relationship between lumbar disc herniation and facet tropism was analyzed by SPSS. Results In the axial plane, there were 154 segments of lumbar disc herniation, of which 95 segments were asymmetrical and 59 segments were symmetrical. The normal segments were 306, of which 48 segments were asymmetrical and 258 segments of lumbar facet joints were symmetrical, and the difference was significant. In the sagittal plane, there were 154 segments of lumbar disc herniation, including 61 segments of lumbar facet tropism, 93 segments of lumbar facet symmetry. The normal segments were 306, of which 48 segments were asymmetrical. 258 segments were symmetrical. Except for L4-5 segments, the rate of lumbar facet joint tropism had significant different between patients with lumbar disc herniation and normal people . Conclusion in the segment of lumbar disc herniation, the proportion of lumbar facet joint tropism is higher, and there is a significant correlation between lumbar facet joint tropism and lumbar disc herniation.
A child with FactorⅤdeficiency misdiagnosed as a left iliac fossa abscess having novel F5 gene mutation: a case report
Authors: Zhang Yifan , Liu Lu , Guo Qin , Li Yiyuan , Luo Shuanghong , Wan Chaomin , Zhu Yu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background:Congenital FⅤdeficiency is identified as a rare bleeding disorder (RBD) that is expressed in an autosomal recessive manner and generally occurs in one part per million of the population.This disorder is accompanied by a variety of clinical manifestations. The factorⅤgene variant c.2439delC (p.I814Lfs*23 ) in exon 13 was first reported in this case.
Case presentation：A 13-year-old male patient was admitted with a left iliac fossa mass. He was previously diagnosed and managed as having a left iliac fossa abscess in local hospital,which underwent antibiotics and surgical excision.However, his left iliac fossa mass reappeared.The platelet count and function were normal, and both prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were prolonged. The patient is then considered having congenital factorⅤdeficiency by measuring coagulation factor activity and the diagnosis is confirmed by genetic testing. The patient got the treatment of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) infusion and recovered.
Conclusions:This case report presents a rare occurrence of congenital FⅤdeficiency ,due to a left iliac fossa hematoma mistaken for an abscess,resulting in unnecessary therapy of antibiotics and surgery.It emphasizes that coagulation factor deficiency should be highly suspected for mass of joint combined with coagulation dysfunction.
Experimental study on the change laws of water repellency and shear strength of water repellent core materials modified by octadecylamine
Authors: Junhua Wu , Jingnan Xu , Yuxin Liu , Fangyuan Fu , Liu Xiaolong , Jianqi Li , Weijie Zhang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The quality of the core-wall is the key to the normal operation of earth-rock dams. In this paper, the water repellent core materials were produced by standard sands combined with water repellent laterite modified by octadecylamine. The water-repellent degree and shear strength tests were carried out to obtain the change laws of water content, soil-rock ratio and octadecylamine content of shear strength of the specimens. It is shown that: (1) when the content of octadecylamine is 0.6%, the water drop penetration time (WDPT) of the specimens decreased gradually with the increase of soil-rock ratio in dry condition. The maximum WDPT is 2966s and the minimum WDPT is 2182s, which are severely water repellent. With the increase of water content, the change laws of WDPT increased firstly and then decreased, and the WDPT reached the peak value when the water content was from 10–15%, which are extremely water repellent. (2) With the increase of water content, the shear strength of the specimens increased continuously, in which the effect on soil cohesion is more than the effect on internal friction angle. (3) With the increase of soil-rock ratio, the shear strength of the specimens increased gradually and the maximum increasing range was 92.36% when the soil-rock ratio was less than 5%. (4) With the increase of octadecylamine content, the shear strength of specimens decreased gradually, and the maximum decreasing range was 12.44%. The soil-rock ratio and water content has a greater effect on shear strength, while the octadecylamine content has a less effect on shear strength.
Diagnostic Utility of the Prolactin Decrease Rate in the Diagnosis of Mild Hyperprolactinemia
Authors: güneş mutlu , GÜNEŞ Elif , Altuntaş Seher Çetinkaya 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background and aims

Previous studies have yielded conflicting findings on the routine use of serial prolactin (PRL) measurement in patients with inconsistent signs or symptoms of mild hyperprolactinemia (HP). Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of serial PRL measurement and previously undefined parameter which is the PRL decrease rate (PDR) method in the diagnosis of mild HP and prolactinoma.

Materials and methods

The data obtained from the files of patients in the sample population included serial PRL values at 0 minute (min), 30 min and 60 min as well as macroprolactin (mPRL) levels. PDR was defined as the ratio of the difference between the PRL levels at 0 min and 60 min to the PRL level at 0 min.

Results

Of the 165 patients in the serial PRL measurement group, HP was detected in 76 (46.1%), and stress-related PRL elevation was found in 24 (14.5%). Of the 101 patients in the single PRL measurement group, HP was detected in 72 (69.9%; p < 0.001). Regarding the routine use of mPRL and the serial measurement method, HP was excluded in 80.0% of the serial measurement group and 47.0% of the single measurement group (p < 0.001). Moreover, a PDR score of 38.1 had 99% specificity and 26% sensitivity in HP exclusion, and a PDR score of 20.6% had 100% specificity and 30% sensitivity in prolactinoma exclusion.

Conclusion

In cases where clinical findings are insufficient, serial PRL measurement and novel parameter PDR may be useful in the diagnosis of mild HP and prolactinoma.
Who’s a pretty bird? Predicting the abundance of bird species in Australian online pet trade
Authors: Hill Katherine GW , Delean Steven , Stringham Oliver C , Moncayo Stephanie , Toomes Adam , Tyler Jonathan J , Cassey Phillip 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The exotic pet trade has largely shifted from traditional brick-and-mortar shops to online commerce. Understanding the dynamics of online pet trade, including relationships between species characteristics and a species’ relative popularity, can assist in informing trade regulation for conservation and biosecurity. Here, we identified the leading correlates behind the abundance in the Australian trade of parrot (Psittaciformes) and songbird (Passeriformes) species. We examined 14,000 online sales of parrots and songbirds collected from a popular online Australian marketplace in 2019 (representing 235 species) using an automated data collection method. We identified the characteristics that correlated with online species abundance (i.e., popularity); including (i) breeding and handling requirements; (ii) trade and availability; and (iii) appearance and behaviour. We found 55% of parrot species and 64% of songbird species traded online were non-native to Australia (i.e., alien species), most of which (81% and 85% respectively) have an extreme risk of establishing invasive populations. Species abundance of both orders was influenced by cheaper prices, which is associated with a higher invasion risk. Trade in parrots was also correlated with attractive birdsongs, being easy to care for, and a preference for native Australian species. Songbird abundance was correlated with attractive plumage colour and, to a lesser extent, the availability of colour mutations and smaller range sizes. These results, combined with an understanding of consumer behaviour and international trends, may help predict which species will become popular in domestic trade in the future, and identify current and future invasion risks to assist in environmental biosecurity efforts.
Disentangling causality: assumptions in causal discovery and inference
Authors: Vonk Maarten Cornelis , Malekovic Ninoslav , Bäck Thomas , Kononova Anna 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Causality has been a burgeoning field of research leading to the point where the literature abounds with different components addressing distinct parts of causality. For researchers, it has been increasingly difficult to discern the assumptions they have to abide by in order to glean sound conclusions from causal concepts or methods. This paper aims to disambiguate the different causal concepts that have emerged in causal inference and causal discovery from observational data by attributing them to different levels of Pearl's Causal Hierarchy. We will provide the reader with a comprehensive arrangement of assumptions necessary to engage in causal reasoning at the desired level of the hierarchy. Therefore, the assumptions underlying each of these causal concepts will be emphasized and their concomitant graphical components will be examined. We show which assumptions are necessary to bridge the gaps between causal discovery, causal identification and causal inference from a parametric and a non-parametric perspective. Finally, this paper points to further research areas related to the strong assumptions that researchers have glibly adopted to take part in causal discovery, causal identification and causal inference.
A Built-In Self-Test Method for Digital-to-Analog Converter
Authors: Cheng Mengzhang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A new BIST (Built-In Self-Test) method to test static parameters of a DAC (Digital to Analog Converter) is proposed in this paper. The BIST method employs a ramp generator and two voltage references to test static parameters of a DAC: offset error, gain error, INL (Integral Non-Linearity) and DNL (Differential Non-Linearity). The optimization of calculating static parameters and the components sharing can reduce the BIST circuitry. The simulation result shows that the method is able to detect the static errors with the simple BIST structure..
Delineation of the groundwater potential zone in Kantli River Basin, Jhunjhunu District, Rajasthan: A Geospatial Approach
Authors: CHATTERJEE TANMOY , BEHERA DURYADHAN , PATRA PRASANT KUMAR , GOSWAMI SHREERUP 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Remote sensing and GIS are advanced techniques and tools that have been used for various researches including groundwater geology. The Landsat and the IRS satellite datasets have been utilized to extract information on the hydrogeomorphic and groundwater related features of a semi-arid Precambrian hard rock terrain in the Kantli River Basin of Jhunjhunu District, Rajasthan, India. It is the upper part of the Shekhawati River. The study area is covering about 2313.2013 km2 in the Jhunjhunu District, Rajasthan. In the present study, the groundwater potential zone is identified by the GIS overlay techniques using the spatial analyst tool in ArcGIS 10.2. The developed methodology is demonstrated in the Kantli River Basin of Rajasthan, western India. Originally, nine thematic layers, viz. topographic elevation, land slope, geomorphology, geology, soil, pre and post-monsoon groundwater depths, annual net recharge, annual rainfall and proximity to surface water bodies were considered in this study. Therefore, five groundwater potential zones were identified and distinguished in the study area, viz. 'very good’, ‘good’, ‘moderate’, ‘poor’ and ‘very poor’ based on groundwater potential index values, which will enable the local bodies for the future planning and management of the groundwater resource. Severe groundwater contamination has been found occasionally in the study area. Every year during the summer, the region is facing a lot of problems with portable groundwater. As the study area is semi-desert, the influences of salinity have been increasing day by day in the groundwater.