bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EpCAM tumor specificity and proteoform patterns in urothelial cancer
Authors: Dressler Franz F. , Hinrichs Sofie , Roesch Marie C. , Perner Sven 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe role of the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) in cancer is still unclear. EpCAM cleavage through regulated intramembrane proteolysis results in fragments which interact with both oncogenic and tumor suppressive pathways. Additionally, the EpCAM molecule itself is used as a descriptive therapeutic target in urothelial cancer (UC), while data on its actual tumor specificity remain limited.MethodsSamples from diagnostic formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) UC tissue and fresh-frozen UC cells were immunoblotted and used for qualitative characterization of five different EpCAM fragments. These expression patterns were quantified across a cohort of 76 samples with 52 UC and 24 normal urothelial samples. Cell viability effects of the extracellular EpEX fragment were assessed in the UC cell lines T24 and HT1376.ResultsThe proteolytic EpCAM fragments could be identified in clinical FFPE tissue specimens too. Neither overall nor fragment-specific EpCAM expression showed relevant tumor specificity. EpEX and its deglycosylated variant showed an inverse relationship across healthy and tumor tissue with a decrease of deglycosylated EpEX in tumors. However, extracellular EpEX did not show a relevant effect in vitro.ConclusionsEpCAM should not be regarded as tumor-specific in UC without patient-specific predictive testing. EpCAM fragment patterns indicate cancer-specific changes and could be involved in its complex tumor-biological role.
Multilingual text categorization and sentiment analysis: a comparative analysis of the utilization of multilingual approaches for classifying twitter data
Authors: Manias George , Mavrogiorgou Argyro , Kiourtis Athanasios , Symvoulidis Chrysostomos , Kyriazis Dimosthenis 
Published: May 2023

AbstractText categorization and sentiment analysis are two of the most typical natural language processing tasks with various emerging applications implemented and utilized in different domains, such as health care and policy making. At the same time, the tremendous growth in the popularity and usage of social media, such as Twitter, has resulted on an immense increase in user-generated data, as mainly represented by the corresponding texts in users’ posts. However, the analysis of these specific data and the extraction of actionable knowledge and added value out of them is a challenging task due to the domain diversity and the high multilingualism that characterizes these data. The latter highlights the emerging need for the implementation and utilization of domain-agnostic and multilingual solutions. To investigate a portion of these challenges this research work performs a comparative analysis of multilingual approaches for classifying both the sentiment and the text of an examined multilingual corpus. In this context, four multilingual BERT-based classifiers and a zero-shot classification approach are utilized and compared in terms of their accuracy and applicability in the classification of multilingual data. Their comparison has unveiled insightful outcomes and has a twofold interpretation. Multilingual BERT-based classifiers achieve high performances and transfer inference when trained and fine-tuned on multilingual data. While also the zero-shot approach presents a novel technique for creating multilingual solutions in a faster, more efficient, and scalable way. It can easily be fitted to new languages and new tasks while achieving relatively good results across many languages. However, when efficiency and scalability are less important than accuracy, it seems that this model, and zero-shot models in general, can not be compared to fine-tuned and trained multilingual BERT-based classifiers.
Nutzung von KI-Methoden für die Kupplungsentwicklung in automobilen Antriebssträngen
Authors: Altenburg S. , Schuchter F. , Bause K. , Albers A. 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungIm Spannungsfeld steigender Erwartungen an Fahrkomfort und Energieeffizienz stoßen aktuelle Entwicklungsmethoden der Modellbildung und Optimierung für Fahrzeugkupplungen an ihre Grenzen. In diesem Beitrag wird der Einsatz von KI-Methoden für die Kupplungsentwicklung untersucht und ein Überblick anhand verschiedener Anwendungsbeispiele in aktuellen Forschungsprojekten der Mercedes-Benz AG gegeben. Mittels überwachten Lernens und tiefen neuronalen Netzen werden ein Reibungszahlmodell sowie ein Temperaturmodell einer Kupplung mit hoher Abbildungsgüte entwickelt. Verstärkendes Lernen mit tiefen neuronalen Netzen wird zur Synthese von Regelungen für verschiedene Gangwechsel eingesetzt. Fahrzeugmessdaten werden mit Cluster-Algorithmen analysiert, um Handlungsempfehlungen für die Applikation des Motorwiederstarts eines hybriden Antriebsstrangs abzuleiten. Mit den gezeigten Methoden steigt das Automatisierungspotential in der Entwicklung und der Aufwand für die Übernahme komplexer Entwicklungsprozesse auf neue Getriebevarianten sinkt.
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 in the COVID-19 era
Authors: Ilic Zivojinovic Jelena , Djurdjevic Katarina , Bozovic Ivo , Meola Giovanni , Peric Marina , Azanjac Arsic Ana , Basta Ivana , Rakocevic-Stojanovic Vidosava , Peric Stojan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is the most prevalent muscular dystrophy in adults. People with DM1 might represent a high-risk population for respiratory infections, including COVID-19. Our aim was to evaluate the characteristics of COVID-19 infection and vaccination rate in DM1 patients.

Methods
This cross-sectional cohort study included 89 patients from the Serbian registry for myotonic dystrophies. Mean age at testing was 48.4 ± 10.4 years with 41 (46.1%) male patients. Mean duration of the disease was 24.0 ± 10.3 years.

Results
COVID-19 infection was reported by 36 (40.4%) DM1 patients. Around 14% of patients had a more severe form of COVID-19 requiring hospitalization. The severity of COVID-19 was in accordance with the duration of DM1. A severe form of COVID-19 was reported in 20.8% of patients who were not vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 and in none of the vaccinated ones. The majority of 89 tested patients (66.3%) were vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. About half of them (54.2%) received three doses and 35.6% two doses of vaccine. Mild adverse events after vaccination were recorded in 20.3% of patients.

Conclusions
The percentage of DM1 patients who suffered from COVID-19 was like in general population, but with more severe forms in DM1, especially in patients with longer DM1 duration. The study indicated an overall favorable safety profile of COVID-19 vaccines among individuals with DM1 and its ability to protect them from severe COVID-19.
Modelling climate analogue regions for a central European city
Authors: Reuter Lynn , Graf Alexander , Goergen Klaus , Döscher Niels , Leuchner Michael 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this study, we describe a methodology to derive climate analogue cities for spatially highly resolved future climate scenarios. For the computation, a reduced and in hindsight bias-adjusted EURO-CORDEX EUR-11 dataset is used based on two climate scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). A total of 389 European cities are processed by the algorithm, which uses five statistical climate variables (2-m air temperature average and amplitude, precipitation sum and amplitude, correlation between 2-m air temperature average and precipitation sum). Additionally, extreme weather events (hot days, summer days, tropical nights, extreme precipitation events) are calculated for further comparison and validation. Finding an appropriate analogue permits a more accurate derivation and depiction of necessary climate adaptation efforts and therefore assist decision-making in city planning. As an example of our method, we searched for plausible climate twins for the mid-sized city of Aachen (Germany) at the end of the twenty-first century. Our results show that the French city of Dijon is highly likely to become Aachen’s climate twin by the end of the century for RCP4.5. As for the scenario RCP8.5, no clear European analogue city could be determined, indicating that the city might enter a novel climate. The nearest match suggests the cities of Florence and Prato in Tuscany. However, considering climate indices, the encompassing region of the French–Spanish city triangle Bordeaux–Toulouse–Bilbao is a better fit. The developed algorithm can be applied to any of the cities included in the dataset.
Exploring the metaphoric nature of programming teachers’ reflections on action - a case study with teaching in mind
Authors: Larsson Andreas , Stolpe Karin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn recent years, subject content such as programming and digital literacy has become an integral part of technology education. However, research shows that many programming teachers lack sufficient formal education to teach programming and show disparate educational and professional experiences. This study investigates how three teachers’ knowledge and beliefs about their teaching practices are enacted in their classroom practice. The data for the study consist of videoed classroom observations and subsequent episodic narrative interviews with the teachers. Metaphor analysis have been used to uncover central relations between the teachers’ knowledge and beliefs about their practice and their classroom actions. The result of the study reveals that the teachers describe their roles as teachers differently. Despite the differences, the teachers still share the idea that programming is an activity where small pieces of code is intertwined so that they can achieve a purpose. However, none of the teachers speak about code as being essential for learning programming. The teachers all seem to view themselves as assets for the students’ achievements, nevertheless, they do not share the idea of why. Altogether, the result of the study suggests that even though the curriculum is the same, teachers’ knowledge and beliefs about their teaching plays a big role in students’ education. Also, the study show, that it is reasonable to suggest that conceptual metaphors affect not only our language, but also our actions in the classroom.
Molybdenum oxide reinforced polyvinyl alcohol composite as high-performance dielectric material for flexible electronics
Authors: Parangusan Kiruthika , Subramaniam Venkat , Ganesan Anandha babu , Venkatesh P. Sundara , Ponnamma Deepalekshmi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPolymer dielectrics are highlighted as capable energy storing materials due to their better dielectric strength and supreme versatility compared to inorganic ceramic dielectrics in sophisticated electronics and pulsed power systems. The capacity of pristine polymers to store energy, on the other hand, has hardly been constrained by relatively poor internal dielectric properties. This study demonstrates a viable solution-casting method for creating a MoO3 (0%, 1%, 3%, and 5%) doped PVA-based composites for notable dielectric characteristics. The structural variations and morphological properties in the presence of MoO3 nanoparticles within the polymer, connected through intra/intermolecular hydrogen bonding are investigated using XRD and FTIR. The influence of MoO3 content on the complex dielectric properties, conductivities, electric modulus, and impedance parameters of PVA is further investigated. According to the MoO3 proportion in the host matrix, the dielectric properties and relaxation factors associated with polymer cooperative chain segmental migration alter considerably. The improved electrical and dielectric properties of MoO3 doped PVA composite demonstrate its potential in creating compact polymer electrolyte systems.
Regression models for censored time-to-event data using infinitesimal jack-knife pseudo-observations, with applications to left-truncation
Authors: Parner Erik T. , Andersen Per K. , Overgaard Morten 
Published: May 2023

AbstractJack-knife pseudo-observations have in recent decades gained popularity in regression analysis for various aspects of time-to-event data. A limitation of the jack-knife pseudo-observations is that their computation is time consuming, as the base estimate needs to be recalculated when leaving out each observation. We show that jack-knife pseudo-observations can be closely approximated using the idea of the infinitesimal jack-knife residuals. The infinitesimal jack-knife pseudo-observations are much faster to compute than jack-knife pseudo-observations. A key assumption of the unbiasedness of the jack-knife pseudo-observation approach is on the influence function of the base estimate. We reiterate why the condition on the influence function is needed for unbiased inference and show that the condition is not satisfied for the Kaplan–Meier base estimate in a left-truncated cohort. We present a modification of the infinitesimal jack-knife pseudo-observations that provide unbiased estimates in a left-truncated cohort. The computational speed and medium and large sample properties of the jack-knife pseudo-observations and infinitesimal jack-knife pseudo-observation are compared and we present an application of the modified infinitesimal jack-knife pseudo-observations in a left-truncated cohort of Danish patients with diabetes.
Consistency of the Bäcklund Transformation for the Spin Calogero–Moser System
Authors: Berntson Bjorn K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe prove the consistency of the Bäcklund transformation (BT) for the spin Calogero–Moser (sCM) system in the rational, trigonometric, and hyperbolic cases. The BT for the sCM system consists of an overdetermined system of ordinary differential equations; to establish our result, we construct and analyze certain functions that measure the departure of this overdetermined system from consistency. We show that these functions are identically zero and that this allows for a unique solution to the initial value problem for the overdetermined system.
LuGre or not LuGre
Authors: Rill G. , Schaeffer T. , Schuderer M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe LuGre model is widely used in the analysis and control of systems with friction. Recently, it has even been made available in the commercial multibody dynamics simulation software system Adams. However, the LuGre model exhibits well-known drawbacks like too low and force rate-dependent break-away forces, drift problems during sticking periods, and significant differences in non-stationary situations between the pre-defined friction law and the one produced by the LuGre model. In the present literature, these problems are supposed to come from the model dynamics or its nonlinear nature. However, most of these drawbacks are not simple side effects of a dynamic friction model but are caused in the LuGre approach, as shown here, by a too simple and inconsistent model of the bristle dynamics. Standard examples and a more practical application demonstrate that the LuGre model is not a “what you see is what you get” approach. A dynamic friction model with accurate bristle dynamics and consistent friction force is set up here. It provides insight into the physical basis of the LuGre model dynamics. However, it results in a nonlinear and implicit differential equation, whose solution will not be easy because of the ambiguity of the friction characteristics. The standard workaround, a static model based on simple regularized characteristics, produces reliable and generally satisfactory results but definitely cannot maintain a stick. The paper presents a second-order dynamic friction model, which may serve as an alternative. It can maintain a stick and produces realistic and reliable results.
Über die Einhegung von Race in Ethnizität. Eine feministische Intervention
Authors: Löw Martina 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungIn seinem Beitrag „Immer Ärger mit ,Race‘. Eine Agenda für den Umgang mit einer heiklen Kategorie“ schlägt Loïc Wacquant vor, Race als einen „paradoxen Subtyp von Ethnizität“ zu behandeln. Damit wirft er die wichtige Frage nach dem theoretischen Stellenwert dieser substanzlosen Kategorie sowie der Theoriearchitektur auf, in deren Rahmen sich Probleme von Rassismus thematisieren lassen. Dennoch folgt der Kommentar der Annahme, dass der Preis, den wir für die Einhegung von Race im Feld der Ethnizität zahlen, zu hoch ist: erstens, weil dabei Klasse und Geschlecht substanzialisiert werden, und zweitens, weil die Subsumierung von Race unter Ethnizität so reibungslos plausibel dann doch nicht ist. Dagegen wird vorgeschlagen, Race und Geschlecht als Konzepte zur Beobachtung (und zwar ausschließlich um doing race und doing Geschlecht zu verstehen) engzuführen, insofern beide Konstruktionen auf körperlichen Einschreibungen basieren und somit von dem Konstruktionsmodus der Klasse und der Ethnizität unterscheidbar sind.
Gradient Boosted Regression Trees for Modelling Onset of Austenite Decomposition During Cooling of Steels
Authors: Luukkonen Juho , Pohjonen Aarne , Louhenkilpi Seppo , Miettinen Jyrki , Sillanpää Mikko J. , Laitinen Erkki 
Published: May 2023

AbstractContinuous cooling transformation (CCT) diagrams can be constructed by empirical methods, which is expensive and time consuming, or by fitting a model to available experimental data. Examples of data-driven models implemented so far include regression models, artificial neural networks, k-Nearest Neighbours and Random Forest. Gradient boosting machine (GBM) has been succesfully used in many machine learning applications, but has not been used before in modelling CCT-diagrams. This article presents a novel way of predicting ferrite start temperatures for low alloyed steels using gradient boosting. First, transformation onset temperatures are predicted over a grid of values with a trained GBM-model after which a physically-based model is fitted to the piecewise constant curve obtained as output from the model. Predictability of the GBM-model is tested with two sets of CCT-diagrams and compared to Random Forest and JMatPro software. GBM outperforms its competitors under all tested model performance metrics:e.g.R2for test data is 0.92, 0.87 and 0.70 for GBM, Random Forest and JMatPro respectively. Output from the GBM-model is used for fitting a physically based model, which enables the estimation of transformation start for any linear or nonlinear cooling path. This can be further converted to Time-Temperature-Transformation (TTT) diagram.
Fabrication and Mechanical Testing of Mesoscale Specimens
Authors: Lodh Arijit , Keller Clement , Castelluccio Gustavo M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe mechanical response of metallic materials results from a complex hierarchy of deformation mechanisms across length scales. The need to understand these mechanisms independently has driven the miniaturization of testing samples, including small scale samples and single crystal micropillars. However, difficulties in machining and testing small samples have hampered the evaluation of the mechanical response of mesoscale samples with dimensions between tens to hundreds of microns. This paper innovates with a simple approach for the manufacturing and test of dog-bone specimens with a minimum gauge width up to 50 μm. The results demonstrate a pronounced sample size effects on the mechanical response for the dimensions analysed and highlights the need to advance the characterization of mesoscale samples. We also demonstrated the capability of testing the tensile response of single crystals from engineering alloys.
A thematic analysis of alcohol use and culture amongst elite (intercounty) Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) players
Authors: Mac Gearailt Conall , Murphy Colm , McCaffrey Jack , Turk Matthew , Murray Kieran 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
There are limited studies examining alcohol consumption in Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) players. In a previous paper, we reported excess alcohol consumption, alcohol-related harms and binge drinking amongst elite GAA players. In that survey, the players were provided with an opportunity to provide comments on alcohol. This current study analyses these comments.

Aims
The aim of this study was to provide a qualitative analysis of elite GAA players opinions on alcohol consumption, harms, behaviours and culture.

Methods
An anonymous, web-based e-questionnaire was distributed to all registered adult elite (inter-county) GAA players. This analysed demographics, alcohol consumption, alcohol culture and alcohol-related harms. This paper is a thematic analysis of the players comments on alcohol in the GAA.

Results
Seven hundred seventy-three of 3592 (21%) players responded. One hundred fifty-two respondents (21%) commented in the free text section of the survey regarding alcohol. One hundred eleven comments (73%) were suitable for analysis. Relevant themes were a pattern of abstinence and bingeing (n = 44), excess alcohol consumption (n = 40) and drinking bans contributing to a binge drinking culture (n = 37). There was a mixed attitude to alcohol sponsorship.

Conclusion
These data show players recognise intermittent binge drinking with periods of abstinence and alcohol-related harms. Further initiatives regarding alcohol harm reduction merit consideration including prohibition of alcohol sponsorship, similar to the GAA’s ban on gambling.
Shared Decision-Making in Acute Pain Services
Authors: Bello Corina M. , Mackert Simone , Harnik Michael A. , Filipovic Mark G. , Urman Richard D. , Luedi Markus M. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
The implementation of shared decision-making (SDM) in acute pain services (APS) is still in its infancies especially when compared to other medical fields.

Recent Findings
Emerging evidence fosters the value of SDM in various acute care settings. We provide an overview of general SDM practices and possible advantages of incorporating such concepts in APS, point out barriers to SDM in this setting, present common patient decisions aids developed for APS and discuss opportunities for further development.

Summary
Especially in the APS setting, patient-centred care is a key component for optimal patient outcome. SDM could be included into everyday clinical practice by using structured approaches such as the “seek, help, assess, reach, evaluate” (SHARE) approach, the 3 “MAking Good decisions In Collaboration”(MAGIC) questions, the “Benefits, Risks, Alternatives and doing Nothing”(BRAN) tool or the “the multifocal approach to sharing in shared decision-making”(MAPPIN’SDM) as guidance for participatory decision-making. Such tools aid in the development of a patient–clinician relationship beyond discharge after immediate relief of acute pain has been accomplished. Research addressing patient decision aids and their impact on patient-reported outcomes regarding shared decision-making, organizational barriers and new developments such as remote shared decision-making is needed to advance participatory decision-making in acute pain services.