bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Experience of Organizing Blood Donation Camp through Student Initiative
Authors: Sharma Akanksha , Harish Jagga Sankalp , Kumar Dinesh , Thaman Richa Ghay 
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
A blood donation camp was organized in the institute which was a student initiative and a street play on blood donation awareness was carried out at different parts of the institute. For this reason, the study aimed at assessing the knowledge, attitude, and practises among the voluntary donors was carried out to bring out further awareness programs.

Materials and Methods:
The study is a Cross-sectional analysis to know about the knowledge, attitude, and practises among the donors as well as collect information regarding the rare blood groups. The idea to conduct a blood donation camp at a tertiary care hospital in Amritsar was initiated by the students of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th professional year and was implemented on February 8, 2018. On this day, two awareness street plays were carried out, first at the outpatient department area and then near the college entrance to spread the message about the benefits and necessity of blood donation. The activity of blood donation was executed by a group of 15 team members and the staff posted in the blood bank of the institute. Each donor was taken care of by looking after any postdonation weakness or nausea plus were also provided with refreshments. At the end, feedback forms were handed over and 50 such filled forms were collected.

Results:
Out of the 50 donors, there were 21 male (42%) and 29 females (58%), with a mean age of 21.45 ± 1.35 years. It was recognized that, among 50 donors, 52% of the donors have not donated in the last 2 years while 58% of the donors would voluntarily like to donate blood again. It was seen that 52% of the donors had fear of needles acting as a hindrance for the blood donation.

Conclusion:
My experience during the whole journey of the initiative was quite enlightening. Looking at the enthusiasm of the donors and the organizing team, it also encouraged the patients' relatives and professors to come forward for the donation. The success of the event has further encouraged me to carry out such more awareness projects in the future.
Evaluation of Long-term Stability of Secondary Alveolar Bone Grafts in Cleft Palate Patients Using Multislice Computed Tomography and Three-Dimensional Printed Models
Authors: Palankar Venkatesh , Sattur Atul , Palankar Aditi , Rajeswari S. Raja , Thakur Srinath , Desai Anil Kumar 
Published: February 2023

Aim:
Three-dimensional (3D) printed models are contemporary volumetric bone graft assessment technique for secondary alveolar bone grafting (SABG) in cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients. The study aimed at evaluation of long-term stability of iliac autograft in SABG using multislice computed tomography (CT) and 3D-printed model-based volumetric analysis.

Materials and Methods:
Twenty-eight patients were included in this prospective clinical study. CT image (T1) was taken after orthodontic maxillary expansion, correlating with the presurgical image. Furthermore, 3D-printed model was prepared, and volumetric assessment of graft needed was ascertained with water displacement technique. SABG was carried on with the anterior iliac crest autografting procedure. After 1-year follow-up, postoperative CT analysis (T2) was followed upon.

Results:
The stability of bone graft at the 1-year postoperative was found to be 43.74% with mean bone loss of 56.26% (95% confidence interval; P < 0.005). The moderate scale of CLP cases has shown statistically significant bone stability compared to that of severe and mild cases. Furthermore, the 3D-printed model has shown a significant difference to that of T1 CT imaging (P < 0.005).

Conclusion:
Within the limitations of the study, it seems appropriate to conclude that 3D-printed models serves as better reference than CT imaging in the context of planning and execution of precise bone grafting in SABG.
Efficiency of Laser versus Bur in Impacted Mandibular Third Molar Surgery
Authors: Maiti Niladri , Sharma Piyush , Jadon Samiksha Singh , Qadri Fida , Pamidi V R Chandra Babu , Ganvir Sagar Ramesh , Tiwari Rahul V. C. 
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
In oral and maxillofacial surgery, their clinical application has largely been restricted to soft tissue. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of erbium-yttrium aluminum garnet (Er: YAG) laser in bone cutting for removal of impacted lower third molar teeth and to compare its outcomes with that of surgical bur.

Materials and Methods:
The study comprised forty subjects requiring removal of impacted mandibular third molar, randomly categorized into two equal groups of 20 each, who had their impacted third molar removed either using Er: YAG laser or surgical bur as per their group, using standard methodology of extraction of impacted teeth. Clinical parameters such as pain, bleeding, time taken for bone cutting, postoperative swelling, trismus, wound healing, and complications were compared for both groups.

Results:
Clinical parameters such as pain, bleeding, and swelling were lower in laser group than bur group, although the difference was statistically not significant. However, postoperative swelling showed a significant difference in the two groups. Laser group required almost double the time taken for bone cutting with bur. Trismus persisted for a longer period in laser group. Wound healing and complications were assessed clinically and there was no significant difference in both the groups.

Conclusion:
Based on the results of our study, the possibility of bone cutting using lasers is pursued, the osteotomy is easily performed, and the technique is better suited to minimally invasive surgical procedures. The use of Er: YAG laser may be considered an alternative tool to surgical bur, especially in anxious patients.
Assessment of Postoperative Pain after Single-Visit Root Canal Treatment using Wave One® and One Shape® Single File System
Authors: Jain Pooja , Sanjyot Mulay , Bhosale Swapnil 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Wave One® (WO) and One Shape® (OS) are among the common endodontic file systems having rotary and reciprocating movement of instrument, respectively. The study evaluated the postoperative pain after single-visit root canal treatment using single file rotary and reciprocating system.

Materials and Methods:
The present study was conducted in the department of conservative dentistry and endodontics on 68 teeth of patients aged between 20 and 45 years. Sixty-eight teeth were divided into two study groups. In Group A, instrumentation with OS file systems (n = 34) was done with subgroup A1 having patients without periapical lesion (n = 17) and subgroup A2 having patients with periapical lesion (n = 17). In Group B, instrumentation with WO file systems (n = 34) was done with subgroup B1 having patients without periapical lesion (n = 17) and subgroup B2 having patients with periapical lesion (n = 17). The root canal shaping procedures were performed according to the manufacturer's instructions for each instrument system. Presence of postobturation pain was accessed by visual analog scale (VAS) scale (0–10), where 0 showed no pain, 1–3 mild pain, 4–6 moderate pain, 7–9 severe pain, and 10 worst possible pain.

Results:
The intensity of pain was measured with VAS score in patients without periapical lesions and with periapical lesions using WO and OS file system on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 7th day. VAS score was found to be nonsignificant on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 7th day in both groups (P > 0.05). Intergroup comparison of VAS score was found to be nonsignificant (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
Both systems were found to have similar effect with respect to postoperative pain. However, WO single file system presented less pain as compared to OS system in cases with periapical lesion. Large sample studies are required to substantiate the result obtained in this study.
Root Caries Experience and its Association with Risk Indicators among Middle-Aged Adults
Authors: Reddy Lingaladinne Swetha , Lakshmi Satti Venkata , Lakshmi Yenugandula Vijaya , Lakshmi K Priya Deepa , Sravanthi Yadlapalli , Kaur Manupreet 
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
With an increasing number of retained teeth, there is an enhanced susceptibility to periodontal problems with gingival recession, which led root surface exposure to the oral environment and develops the root caries later stages among adults.

Aim:
Evaluate the root caries experience and its association with risk indicators among middle-aged South Indian adult dental patients using root caries index (RCI; Katz RV - 1979).

Materials and Methods:
The study was conducted among middle-aged (35 to 44 year) adults in the Outpatient Department of Private Dental Institute. Root caries experience was evaluated using the Katz RCI on a full mouth basis. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS software.

Results:
The prevalence of root caries among study population was 8.9% with a mean RCI score of 1.04 ± 5.10. As age increased mean number of teeth with gingival recession (45.25 ± 27.09), decayed root surfaces (0.34 ± 1.11), filled root surfaces (0.39 ± 2.99), mean number of teeth missing (3.78 ± 6.42), and RCI (1.68 ± 6.93) also increased.

Conclusion:
Age, gender and higher number of retained teeth were concluded as a significant risk indicators for root caries.
A Comprehensive Assessment of Bone Losses in the Postoperative Phase of Single Implant Placed in Mandibular First Molar Regions
Authors: Dev Shruti Vishal , Perti Sonali , Sahoo Kalinga Keshari , Mohanty Arun , Pati Sourav Kumar , Sri A. Nivya 
Published: February 2023

Background and Aim:
Bone loss surrounding dental implant is an unavoidable phenomenon that occasionally leads to implant failure. Implant-related bone loss exhibits different patterns and rate as per oral milieu and hygiene habits. This study was aimed to clinically assess the crestal bone losses in the postoperative phase of single implant placed in mandibular first molar regions.

Materials and Methods:
The present in vivo study was planned and completed on the patients selected from the Department of Prosthodontics of the institute. A total of twenty patients were selected randomly in which right mandibular first molar was rehabilitated by dental implants. All radiographic analysis was attempted by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). All twenty implants were placed by standard clinical protocols. CBCT analysis was attempted to measure existing bone levels on all four surfaces of implant. These measurements were completed at three different postoperative phases. Informed consent was obtained from all participating patients.

Statistical Analysis and Results:
Statistical analysis was completed by statistical software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. P <0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Among all 20 patients, males were 14 and females were 6 in the age range of 25–45 years. Mean bone losses were in the range of 0.226–0.737 for Group I. Intergroup comparison by two-sample t-test showed a significant difference (0.01) for mesial surfaces. All mean values were maximum for mesial surfaces and minimum for lingual surfaces.

Conclusion:
The mean crestal bone loss at four implant surfaces evaluated at different postoperative phases was nonsignificant. However, there were significant differences in mean crestal bone loss at four surfaces of all studied implants in a particular group.
Assessment of Effect of Menopause on Saliva and Oral Health Status
Authors: Mishra Richa , Haider Khushtar , Rizwan Ramsha , Monga Shamim , Pritam Amrita , Singh Padam 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Women at menopausal period may frequently develop several oral mucosal disorders. Xerostomia is also a common finding among postmenopausal women. The present study was conducted to assess effect of menopause on saliva and dental health.

Materials and Methods:
Forty postmenopausal women (Group I) and 40 control (Group II) underwent Oral Hygiene Index Simplified (OHIS), Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT index), Community periodontal index (CPI), and Loss of attachment (LOA), salivary pH and flow measurement.

Results:
Oral symptoms were normal in 22 and 40, xerostomia in 18 and 0 in Group I and II respectively, salivary pH was normal in 20 and 40, below acidic in 20 and 0, salivary flow was normal in 21 and 40, hyposalivation in 19 and 0 in group I and II, respectively. The difference was significant (P < 0.05). OHI-S was good in 4 and 25, fair in 6 and 10, poor in 30 and 5, DMFT index was decayed was 1.42 and 0.65, missing was 2.84 and 0.26 and filled was 1.06 and 0.52 seen in Group I and II respectively. CPI index mean value was 3.26 in Group I and 1.02 in Group II and mean LOA was 1.42 and 0.46 in Group I and II respectively. The difference was significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
There was decrease in the salivary pH and flow rate in postmenopausal women which in turn leads to increased OHI-S, DMFT, CPI, and LOA.
Assessment of Cases of Complete Denture Fracture
Authors: Kumari Ranjna , Bala Suman 
Published: February 2023

Background:
There are many causes and reasons associated with fractures of complete dentures. The present study assessed case of complete denture fracture.

Materials and Methods:
One hundred and fifty complete denture wearers reported to the department of prosthodontics for correction of complete denture fracture were examined carefully. The factors such as retention, stability, and occlusal errors were recorded. Cause of denture fracture was recorded too.

Results:
Out of 150 patients, males were 80 and females were 70. The site of fracture was incisor area in 25, canine area in 30, midline in 50, molar area in 10, and maxillary tuberosity/retromolar pad area in 35 cases. The etiology of denture fracture was accidental fall in 42, poor fit in 28, poor occlusion in 40, material breakage in 25, and acrylic base defect in 15 cases. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Most common cause of denture fracture was accidental fall, poor fit, poor occlusion, and material breakage.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Awareness of Orthognathic Surgery among Orthodontic Patient-Prospective Study
Authors: Mani Bhuvaneswari , Mani Muralimani , Ramar Selvakumar , Srinidhi S. , Bharathi S. R. , Sengodan Tamilselvi 
Published: February 2023

Aim:
The aim of the current survey was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude, and awareness regarding orthognathic surgery among orthodontic patients.

Materials and Methods:
This is cross-sectional web-based questionnaire survey conducted among orthodontic patients in Tamil Nadu. The self-administered questions related to awareness of orthognathic surgery were collected from 500 subjects. The statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (V 22.0). The frequency distribution was computed.

Results:
This survey revealed that 466 (93.2%) respondents had awareness about the role of orthognathic surgery. 332 (66.4%) had given the correct responses related to differentiating skeletal and dental malocclusion, 454 (90.6%) had the awareness of risk factors associated with orthognathic surgery and 40 (7.0%) were experienced regarding the procedure.

Conclusion:
The result of the current study showed that it clearly implies that the population was aware of orthognathic surgery as a treatment modality for correcting skeletal deformities.
Assessment of Correlation of Serum High-Sensitive C-Reactive Protein, Urinary Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio, and Lipid Profile in Diabetics
Authors: Kumari Shweta , Singh Beena 
Published: February 2023

Background:
This study aimed to measure the level of serum high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs CRP), urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR), lipid profile, and their association in diabetics.

Methodology:
One hundred and fifty diabetic patients were classified into three groups of 50 each. Group I were newly diagnosed with <5 years of diabetes, Group II were those having 5–10 years of diabetes, and Group III were diabetics with more than 10 years of diabetes. Lipid profile, hs-CRP level, and ACR were measured.

Results:
There was a correlation between hS CRP and ACR and triglyceride in Group I, hS CRP with ACR and triglyceride in Group I. In group II hS CRP showed significant correlation with ACR whereas in Group III significant correlation was observed with ACR, low density lipoprotein (LDL) and cholesterol.

Conclusion:
The level of hS CRP and ACR was found to be higher in patients with a longer duration of diabetes.
Evaluation of the Effect of Preoperative Amoxicillin on Bacteremia Associated with Exodontia in Periodontal and Periapical Pathology
Authors: Edsor Effie , Priyadarshini G Agnes Golda , Shankar P. Gowri , Srinivasan V. Ramesh , Vigneswaran T. , Raja S. Pradheep 
Published: February 2023

Aim:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of preoperative prophylactic antibiotics of 2 g of oral amoxicillin on bacteremia following extraction of teeth with periodontal and periapical pathology.

Materials and Methods:
This study was carried out on 160 patients. The patients were divided into four groups of forty patients each: two antibiotic groups, with periodontal and periapical pathology, receiving 2 g of oral amoxicillin preoperatively and two control groups, with periodontal and periapical pathology, receiving no amoxicillin preoperatively. Blood samples were collected before the start of the procedure, intraoperatively, and immediately following extraction of teeth. The collected blood samples were cultured and studied for bacterial growth.

Results:
In the control group patients with periodontal pathology, 17 out of 40 blood samples showed growth of Streptococcus viridans along with Staphylococcus epidermidis. In the control group patients with periapical pathology, 14 out of 40 blood samples showed growth of S. viridans and Staphylococcus aureus. No growth was observed in both the groups on prophylactic antibiotics with 2 g of oral amoxicillin.

Conclusion:
Bacteremia was found in 40% of the control group patients, while there was no bacteremia present in patients with preoperative administration of 2 g of oral amoxicillin.
Clinical Profile and Comorbidities Associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients in Sudair, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alanazi Fehaid 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, debilitating condition that has a significant effect on the lives of patients, their families, and society at large.

Aims:
The aim is to determine the clinical profile and any comorbidities associated with RA patients in the Sudair region of Saudi Arabia.

Subjects and Methods:
Sixty patients were included in this cross-sectional observational study, both newly or already diagnosed with RA, fulfilling the 2010 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism Classification Criteria for RA. They were followed up in the rheumatology clinic in King Khalid Majmaah Hospital in the Majmaah province from January 2017 to December 2020.

Results:
The subjects' mean age was 47.87 ± 11.55 years, 52 female and 8 male (female-to-male ratio 6.5:1). About 23.3% of patients with RA had positive family history. The main comorbidities and associated diseases were hypertension (18.3%) and hypothyroidism (15%). The most frequently involved joints were the wrist, metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal, elbow, and knee joints. Subjects were positive in 66.7% for rheumatoid factor and 78.3% for anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide. Both markers were positive in 60% of the patients.

Conclusion:
Approximately one-quarter of the studied group had a family history of RA. Hypertension followed by hypothyroidism was the most common comorbidities reported in our study.
A Cross-sectional Study to Assess Factors that Determine Tobacco Habit Initialization and Cessation and Oral Cancer Awareness among General Population of Vikarabad District, Telangana
Authors: Gone Hariprasad , Abdul Nishath Sayed , Pisarla Manish , Kumar Karuparty Pavan , Kulkarni Ganesh , Audurthi Rithesh Kumar 
Published: February 2023

Aims:
The aim of the study was to assess factors that determine tobacco habit initialization and cessation and oral cancer awareness among the general population of Vikarabad district, Telangana.

Materials and Methods:
The current study was a cross-sectional study conducted among the general population of the Vikarabad district. All tobacco users satisfying inclusion criteria of age 18–40 years and at least 1 year of tobacco usage were included in the study. Multistage random sampling was followed to select tobacco users and structured, pretested questionnaires were distributed. The populations mean age was 30 years with majority being rural residents and men contributing the majority of the study population.

Results:
The mean age at which a person begins to smoke was 20.4 ± 5.7 years among the general population. Peer influence (77%) was reported as one of the major reasons, and habit formation was found to be the major factor (55.6%) for continuing tobacco and also work stress (17%) and relaxation (17%). The primary reason for quitting was fear or awareness of the adverse effects of tobacco. Self-abstinence was reported as a predominant method that they followed to quit tobacco habit during the past year, while 16.3% reported that they did not give it a try. About 58.6% of participants were advised by a health-care provider to quit tobacco, respectively. A major proportion of tobacco users (71%) knew that tobacco causes oral cancer. Half of the study population is unaware of oral cancer's early symptoms, noncontagious progression, lifestyle modification, and early treatment have a good prognosis.

Conclusion:
Findings of the study highlight the factors to be considered in framing effective antitobacco policies applicable to the rural population.
Comparison of Marginal Fit and Internal Adaptation of Copings Fabricated with Polyetheretherketone and Zirconia – An In vitro Study
Authors: Amalorpavam V. , Sreelal T. , Chandramohan Giri , Jithin G N. , Ponjayanthi  , Kamalashankar  
Published: February 2023

Context:
Purpose: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the Marginal fit and Internal adaptation of copings fabricated with polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and Zirconia luted with resin cements.

Materials and Methods:
Maxillary first premolar was prepared to receive all ceramic restoration. It was duplicated using addition silicon impression material for fabricating Cobalt–Chromium metal die, which is used as a master die. Using the master die, 30 heat cure acrylic samples were fabricated for the heat cure acrylic tooth models on which 15 PEEK and 15 zirconia copings were made. Self-adhesive resin cement is used for luting and 30 copings were luted. After 24 h, luted copings were having a disc of thickness 0.01 mm cutting at high speed using a Tooth cutting lathe for all the 30 samples. Field Scanning Electron Microscopic study analysis for evaluating marginal fit and internal adaptation of two groups were observed. The values were then analyzed using one-way ANOVA (post hoc) followed by Dunnet t-test.

Results:
Among those two groups, PEEK copings group materials showed the lowest mean value of (30.3 ± 5.1) for marginal gap, (29.1 ± 5.8) for internal gap whereas the zirconia copings group showed a mean value of (50.26 ± 16.02) and (32.8 ± 5.2) respectively.

Conclusion:
Among these two groups, comparatively less marginal fit and internal adaptation is seen in zirconia copings when compared to the PEEK copings. While the marginal fit and internal adaptation of both PEEK and zirconia copings were in the acceptable clinical range.