bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fragment library screening by X-ray crystallography and hit optimization against thioredoxin glutathione reductase of Schistosoma mansoni
Authors: Neto Lauro Ribeiro Souza , Montoya Bogar Omar , Moreira-Filho José Teófilo , Brandão-Neto José , Verma Anil , Bowyer Sebastian , Dantas Rafael Ferreira , Neves Bruno Junior , Delft Frank , Owens Raymond J. , Furnham Nicholas , Andrade Carolina Horta , Silva Floriano Paes 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Schistosomiasis is caused by parasites of the genus Schistosoma, which infect more than 200 million people. While praziquantel (PZQ) has been the main drug for controlling schistosomiasis for over four decades, PZQ drug resistant strains have already been reported, highlighting the need to search for new schistosomicidal drugs. S. mansoni survival relies on the redox enzyme thioredoxin glutathione reductase (SmTGR), a validated target for the development of new anti-schistosomal drugs. Here we report a fragment screening campaign of 768 compounds against SmTGR using X-ray crystallography and our efforts to optimize the hits found into potent inhibitors. We observed 49 binding events involving 35 distinct molecular fragments which were found to be distributed across 16 binding sites. Most sites are described for the first time within SmTGR, a noteworthy exception being the “door stop pocket” near the NADPH binding site. Fragments binding to the latter were prioritized to undergo a “SAR by catalog” strategy for optimization into potential inhibitors. A search for compounds containing any of the prioritized fragments as a substructure was made in commercial databases. The ability of these compounds to inhibit SmTGR was predicted based on a binary ML classification model, followed by an analysis of the putative binding mode by molecular docking. The 38 best ranked compounds were purchased and experimentally evaluated for SmTGR inhibition. Compound 14 inhibited 63.6% of enzyme activity at 100 µM and presented an estimated IC50 of 33 µM against SmTGR.
Visual Memory and Spatial Navigation as Preclinical Indicators of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Nevers Jennifer 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: There is an absence of standardized measures for spatial navigation (SN) deficits related to possible visual memory (VM) decline in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This work sought to identify VM changes over time in the cognitively normal (CN) years of those later diagnosed with AD (pre-AD) compared to those who remained CN (non-AD).
METHODS: Mixed-effects analysis was performed on the Benson Complex Figure Test (BCTF) delayed recall scores for VM on longitudinal (1-6 years) of pre-AD and non-AD samples from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center. Analysis for sex differences was included.
RESULTS: All pre-AD groups demonstrated a significant (P < .001) decrease in VM over time compared to non-AD groups with a Cohen’s d range of .853 to 1.076 across time points.
DISCUSSION: The BCTF may serve as an AD screening instrument in CN persons and support inquiry to identify potential SN deficits secondary to VM decline.
The Multifunctionality of Vestial Vocabulary in the Artistic Portrait of V.A. Gilyarovsky (based on the Autobiographical Novels "My Wanderings" and "People of the Theater")
Authors: Letapurs T. V. , Malykhina T. M. 
Published: August 2023

The journalistic legacy of V.A. Gilyarovsky has been studied in sufficient detail, to a lesser extent, the attention of scientists was riveted to his autobiographical prose - the stories "My Wanderings" and "People of the Theater", the author's manner, the expression of an individual vision of the world and man. The article deals with the linguistic and stylistic features of the portrait of V.A. Gilyarovsky and reveals the originality of the vestial vocabulary, its function in describing the appearance of heroes of different social strata.The purpose of the study is to study the themes and problems of autobiographical prose, to carry out a linguistic analysis of portrait descriptions in the stories "My Wanderings" and to identify the specifics and functions of the vestial vocabulary. In the study, the emphasis was placed on understanding the features of the writer's style, the specifics of his portraits, the ethnolinguistic and etymological aspect of the clothing vocabulary.As a result of the analysis, it was revealed that in the autobiographical prose of V.A. Gilyarovsky, the main type of portrait is socio-historical, descriptive and everyday. Based on artistic tasks, the writer does not strive to comprehend the psychology of the characters or their rare individuality. There is no author's commentary in the portrait. The principles of the external image become fundamental. The "masculine" vision of the surrounding people leads to a lack of positive or negative expression, exaltation of feelings or sentimentality.Civil uniform, frock coat, tailcoat, livery in portraits have not only a descriptive function, "visualizing" the hero, but also reveal the position of the hero, determine his personal attitude to his own position in society. Uniform, overcoat, caps, boots represent uniforms, where the definitions emphasize the material, insignia, style and details of clothing; awards. This vocabulary is also of a historical and archaic nature, allowing the reader to imagine the features of the costume of the 19th century, to immerse themselves in an interesting, unknown, sometimes patriarchal world, which contributes to understanding the environment, its hierarchy and, at the same time, picturesque diversity.Female portraits with vestial vocabulary are rare; they perform a descriptive function, a function of social characterization. The legal requirement to wear official and particular dress is observed by officials who serve as heroes.The change in fashion, associated not only with the aesthetic, but also with the ideological and political views of the revolutionary youth, their desire to democratize their appearance, is shown by the portrait of the exiles, where the vocabulary of folk clothes, in particular, the appearance of urban workers, prevails. At the same time, accessories emphasize the "subculture" of nihilists.
Ways to Neutralize Gender Attribution of Phraseological Units (Based on Media Texts)
Authors: Bespalova E. A. 
Published: August 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of cases of neutralization of gender attribution of phraseological units in their live use in modern media speech. Russian Russian phraseology The aim of the work is to study the dynamics of ideas about the masculine and feminine gender in Russian phraseology based on the identification of forms of neutralization of gender attribution, their classification and analysis of the noted transformations when using stable combinations in newspaper texts of the National Corpus of the Russian language. The following research methods are used in the work: continuous sampling method, observation of language material, lexicographic, lexico-semantic and contextual analysis, classification, analysis, generalization. Three ways of neutralization of gender attribution of phraseological units are considered: neutralization of gender at the level of dictionary definitions (indication of kinship with a person as a whole, without gender differentiation: Ivan, who does not remember kinship), neutralization at the grammatical level (compatibility with the object of the opposite grammatical gender: sleeping beauty), the use of phraseological turnover in relation to the person of the opposite pola (free Cossack). It is shown that, despite the strength of gender stereotypes in the linguistic consciousness, they are not frozen: gender representations change in the process of social development, which is expressed in the transformation of semantics and the compatibility of gender-marked phraseological units, rethinking their one-line connection with masculinity / femininity.The identification of ways to neutralize the gender attribution of phraseological units contributes to the study of gender manifestations in phraseology. The description of modern phraseological usage is important from the point of view of ascertaining the constancy in the linguistic consciousness of established gender stereotypes and shifts in their perception, as well as the accumulation of data on the mechanisms of functioning of idiomatics and the development of phraseological meaning.
Prostaglandin E2, Osmoregulation, and Disease Progression in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
Authors: Geurts Frank , Xue Laixi , Kramers Bart J. , Zietse Robert , Gansevoort Ron T. , Fenton Robert A. , Meijer Esther , Salih Mahdi , Hoorn Ewout J. ,   on behalf of the DIPAK Consortium
Published: August 2023

Background
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) plays a physiological role in osmoregulation, a process that is affected early in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). PGE2 has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of ADPKD in preclinical models, but human data are limited. Here, we hypothesized that urinary PGE2 excretion is associated with impaired osmoregulation, disease severity, and disease progression in human ADPKD.

Methods
Urinary excretions of PGE2 and its metabolite (PGEM) were measured in a prospective cohort of patients with ADPKD. The associations between urinary PGE2 and PGEM excretions, markers of osmoregulation, eGFR and height-adjusted total kidney volume were assessed using linear regression models. Cox regression and linear mixed models were used for the longitudinal analysis of the associations between urinary PGE2 and PGEM excretions and disease progression defined as 40% eGFR loss or kidney failure, and change in eGFR over time. In two intervention studies, we quantified the effect of starting tolvaptan and adding hydrochlorothiazide to tolvaptan on urinary PGE2 and PGEM excretions.

Results
In 562 patients with ADPKD (61% female, eGFR 63±28 ml/min per 1.73 m2), higher urinary PGE2 or PGEM excretions were independently associated with higher plasma copeptin, lower urine osmolality, lower eGFR, and greater total kidney volume. Participants with higher baseline urinary PGE2 and PGEM excretions had a higher risk of 40% eGFR loss or kidney failure (hazard ratio, 1.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13 to 1.46 and hazard ratio, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.26 to 1.80 per two-fold higher urinary PGE2 or PGEM excretions) and a faster change in eGFR over time (−0.39 [95% CI, −0.59 to −0.20] and −0.53 [95% CI, −0.75 to −0.31] ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year). In the intervention studies, urinary PGEM excretion was higher after starting tolvaptan, while urinary PGE2 excretion was higher after adding hydrochlorothiazide to tolvaptan.

Conclusions
Higher urinary PGE2 and PGEM excretions in patients with ADPKD are associated with impaired osmoregulation, disease severity, and progression.
Comparison of Short-Term Outcomes in Kidney Transplant Recipients from SARS-CoV-2–Infected versus Noninfected Deceased Donors
Authors: Yamauchi Junji , Azhar Ambreen , Hall Isaac E. , Bhalla Anshul , Potluri Vishnu S. , Tanriover Bekir , Gupta Gaurav , Imlay Hannah , Truax Crystal , Balaraman Vasanthi , Raghavan Divya , Zimmerman Michael , Campsen Jeffrey , Rofaiel George , Baker Talia , Molnar Miklos Z. 
Published: August 2023

Background
Acceptable post-transplant outcomes were reported in kidney transplant recipients from donors with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); however, there are no comparative studies with well-matched controls.

Methods
This multicenter, prospective observational study, which included three transplant centers in the United States, enrolled 61 kidney recipients from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)–infected deceased donors. Using optimal matching methods, we matched every recipient to three comparators receiving kidneys from SARS-CoV-2–negative deceased donors with otherwise highly similar characteristics in the same transplant centers to compare 6-month eGFR.

Results
Among recipients of SARS-CoV-2–infected donor kidneys, one recipient died with a functional graft within 6 months. Mean 6-month eGFR was not significantly different between SARS-CoV-2–infected and noninfected donor groups (55±21 and 57±25 ml/min per 1.73 m2, respectively; P = 0.61). Six-month eGFR in recipients from SARS-CoV-2–infected donors who died of reasons other than COVID-19 was not significantly different from those from SARS-CoV-2–negative donors (58±22 and 56±25 ml/min per 1.73 m2, respectively; P = 0.51). However, recipients from donors who died of COVID-19 had significantly lower 6-month eGFR than those from SARS-CoV-2–negative donors (46±17 and 58±27 ml/min per 1.73 m2, respectively; P = 0.03). No donor-to-recipient SARS-CoV-2 transmission was observed.

Conclusions
Six-month eGFR was not significantly different between recipients of kidneys from SARS-CoV-2–infected and noninfected donors. However, those receiving kidneys from donors who died of COVID-19 had significantly lower 6-month eGFR. Donor-to-recipient SARS-CoV-2 transmission was not observed.
Medidas gubernamentales adoptadas como factor determinante en la productividad empresarial en tiempos de pandemia en américa latina y el caribe.
Authors: Gómez - Mejía Norberto , Lopesierra - Orozco Jaider Jesús , Redondo - Silvera Pedro Antonio 
Published: August 2023

Por medio del presente artículo se busca generar reflexión sobre las acciones gubernamentales adoptadas como factor determinante en la productividad empresarial en tiempos de pandemia en América Latina y el Caribe. Dados los daños devastadores generados por el Covid – 19 en la economía de las naciones de América Latina y el caribe, los gobiernos se vieron en la necesidad de adoptar medidas tendientes a mitigar en cierta forma el desplome de la productividad empresarial, comercial y de servicios, como consecuencias de las medidas sanitarias implementadas, con la finalidad de evitar la propagación del virus, lo que desencadeno una turbulencia para poder acceder a los productos o servicios a causa de la restricción y el confinamiento de la población. Lo que condujo a una disminución en la productividad empresarial a niveles mínimos. Lo que propicio una crisis global causadas por las medias restrictivas adoptadas para contener la propagación del coronavirus (Covid-19), es así como los gobiernos de los diferentes países y en aras de poder atenuar la disminución de las capacidades productivas empresariales, adopta políticas públicas encaminadas a proveer liquidez financiera a las empresas y la apropiación de subsidios con la finalidad de resguardar el empleo, así como la creación de auxilios financieros y ayudas directas al sector empresarial. Es decir que la crisis económica, social y de salud pública generada por la pandemia del coronavirus, dejó al descubierto una serie de debilidades por parte de los estados en cuanto a tener planes de contingencias que permitan mitigar y atender de la mejor manera cualquier evento o imprevisto que atente contra la sociedad y su estructura administrativa, económica y de producción.
Strategi Layanan Perpustakaan Masjid Gedhe Kauman Yogyakarta di Era Covid-19
Authors: Putri Monica , Sari Khoirunnisa Etika 
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine the service strategy used by the Gedhe Kauman Yogyakarta Mosque Library in the era of the Covid-19. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Collecting data in this study using interviews, observation, and documentation. Test the validity of this research data using triangulation techniques sources and methods, as well as member check. The data analysis technique used is the theory of Miles Huberman, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions and verification. The results of this study reveal that the offline service strategy at the Gedhe Kauman Mosque Library is in the form of circulation services by implementing health protocols, and children's services or Kids Corner. Meanwhile, for online library services, there are book pick-up and book consultation services. Based on the results of the analysis, the obstacles to implementing the service strategy during the pandemic are the lack of awareness of the administrators to comply with library service opening times as well as the existence of offline lecture trials from campus which resulted in the administrators not being able to attend according to the picket schedule, and the lack of a collection of books that could be used as reference for college assignments. The solution from the management to overcome problems in carrying out the service strategy regarding Human Resources (HR) is to adjust the picket schedule, while for the lack of book collections, additional collections are proposed through the head of the library.
PENGELOLAAN ARSIP DI PERPUSTAKAAN PUSAT GRAHA KANDAGA UNIVERSITAS PADJADJARAN
Authors: Farikasari Nurul 
Published: August 2023

Penulisan ini ditulis berdasarkan bagaimana kegiatan pengarsipan yang dilakukan di Perpustakaan Pusat Kandaga Universitas Padjadjaran beserta permasalahan dan juga kendala apa saja yang dialami dalam melakukan kegiatan preservasi di dalamnya. Penulisan ini ditulis dengan metode penelitian deskripsi kualitatif serta dengan menggunakan metode studi literatur, yang mana dengan penggunaan metode ini diharapkan dapat menjabarankan kejadian yang terjadi di lapangan dengan metitik beratkan kepada bagaimana analisis yang dijelaskan serta bagaimana penjabaran fakta akan kejadian atau fenomena yang dijumpai secara realita di lapangan secara realitas dengan mengkomparisasi hasil penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya agar dapat menginformasikan kegiatan pengarsipan yang dilakukan di Perpustakaan Pusat Kandaga Universitas Padjadjaran beserta permasalahan dan juga kendala apa saja yang dialami dalam melakukan kegiatan preservasi yang berlangsung di dalamnya. Hasil penulisan ini memiliki tujuan agar kedepannya Perpustakaan Pusat Kandaga Universitas Padjadjaran dapat menghadirkan dan melakukan kegiatan pengarsipan yang lebih lengkap guna melestarikan dokumen-dokumen yang dipunyainya agar tak lekang oleh waktu.
Revue systématique et synthèse des articles de presse : création d’un ensemble de données sur les initiatives émergentes et les interventions locales concernant l’offre de toilettes publiques au Canada durant la pandémie de COVID-19
Authors: Leroux Janette , McCullogh Emily 
Published: August 2023

Résumé

Les articles de presse sont une source sous‑utilisée de renseignements locaux sur des questions de santé publique complexes et structurelles qui ne sont pas abordées dans les politiques ou prises en compte dans la collecte de données courantes. Nous avons appliqué des méthodes de revue systématique aux articles de presse en ligne et créé un ensemble de données sur les interventions et les initiatives des municipalités face aux problèmes de toilettes publiques durant la première année de la pandémie de COVID-19. L’utilisation de modèles fondés sur la consommation pour l’usage de toilettes a fait la manchette durant les périodes de fermeture et de confinement. Nos résultats ont montré que de nombreuses municipalités se sont attaquées à ces problèmes, mais largement en usant de mesures temporaires relatives à la pandémie, ne tenant pas compte des besoins des groupes marginalisés.
The Educational Video "Dental Trauma to Primary Teeth” Increases the Awareness of Early Childhood Education School Teachers : An Experimental Study
Authors: Fauziah Eva , Kusumaningrum Astri , Khairani Annisa , Widyagarini Amrita 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: Dental trauma of the primary teeth is more common in boys than in girls, and it frequently affects the maxillary anterior primary teeth. Approximately 25% of schoolchildren worldwide have had dental trauma, although its prevalence varies among different countries.Group education through public lectures, television, community posters, leaflets, or videos can be selected as an educational method. The ineffective management of trauma to primary teeth is related to a lack of awareness among parents, schoolteachers, and health workers. Dental trauma mostly happens when children are at school; therefore, the study was conducted on Early Childhood Education (ECE) teachers' awareness before and after watching the educational video "Dental Trauma to Primary Teeth". The aim of this study is to determine the influence of the video "Dental Trauma to Primary Teeth” on ECE teachers’ awareness. Methods: This study used an experimental study approach by involving 64 ECE school teachers in Jakarta. They watched the educational movie "Dental Trauma to Primary Teeth" for two minutes before spending ten minutes answering questions to evaluate their understanding of dental trauma in children before and after viewing the film. The questionnaire was divided into 2 parts: the first part consisted of questions about sex, age, and education, and the second part consisted of nine questions about dental trauma to primary teeth. The data were analyzed by comparing understanding before and after watching the educational video. Result: There was an increasing percentage (1.5%-15.6%) after giving the video. The difference between the teacher's degree of awareness before and after watching the educational video "Dental Trauma to Primary Teeth" was statistically significant (p≤0.05) Conclusion: Providing children with educational media in the form of a video titled “Dental Trauma to Primary Teeth” is effective and can increase ECE teachers’ awareness of trauma to primary teeth.Keywords: dental trauma to primary teeth, awareness, educational video
Differences in enamel surface hardness between soaking carbonated drinks and application of duck eggshell paste remineralization material
Authors: Mona Deli , Hamidah Izzati , Kurnia Puji , Abdullah Khatijah Lim 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTIntroduction: The surface hardness of enamel is affected by demineralization and remineralization of enamel. Demineralization can cause the enamel surface hardness to decrease. Carbonated drinks are acidic drinks which can lower the pH of the oral cavity and cause damage to the enamel. Lost tooth minerals can be restored with remineralizing materials, one of which contains calcium. Natural materials that can help remineralization are calcium carbonate (CaCO3) which can be found in several animal shells such as marine materials, pearl snails and eggshells. Duck eggshell is one of the household wastes which is high in calcium which consists of 94% calcium carbonate. The purpose of this study is to analyze differences in enamel surface hardness between soaking carbonated drinks and application of duck eggshell paste remineralization material. Methods: This type of research is a true experimental laboratory with a pretest-posttest research design with control group design. The study sample was 8 post-extraction premolars that matched the inclusion criteria. The samples were divided into two groups which were previously soaked in carbonated drinks for 15 minutes. Group I: duck eggshell paste and group II: pasta without duck eggshell which was applied for 3 minutes 2 times a day for 14 days. Hardness measurement using Vickers hardness tester. Results: based on data analysis using paired t-test. Enamel surface hardness after immersion in carbonated drinks (mean=327.50 SD=23.33). The enamel surface hardness increased after application of duck eggshell paste (mean=467.50, SD=14.15) p=0.001. The control group also increased after the application of pasta without duck eggshell (mean=429.40 SD=29.01) p=0.002. Conclusion: There is a difference in the hardness of the enamel surface after being soaked in carbonated drinks and after the application of duck egg shell paste. KEYWORDSdemineralization, enamel surface hardness, carbonated drinks, duck egg shell paste, remineralization.