bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Family functioning and insomnia in secondary vocational school students: the chain-mediated role of paranoia and anxiety
Authors: Wang Xinyue , Ma Zi-long , Duan Xiang , Wu Taimin , Yang Bing Xiang , Xie Yaofei , Liu Lianzhong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the current state of insomnia among secondary vocational school students, identify its influencing factors, and explore potential mechanisms of action.
Methods: The study population consisted of 2150 students (968 male and 1182 female) enrolled in a secondary vocational school in Wuhan, China. A cross-sectional research design was employed to analyze the data using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, structural equation modeling, and bootstrapping.
Results: Adolescents with poorer family functioning, higher levels of paranoid personality traits, and higher levels of anxiety are more likely to experience insomnia. There was a significant direct association between family functioning and insomnia (β = −0.153, p < 0.001). Paranoid personality traits and anxiety were not only significant independent mediators in the relationship between family functioning and insomnia (paranoid personality traits: β = 0.021, 95% CI: [−0.035, −0.008]; anxiety: β= 0.173, 95% CI: [−0.204, −0.114]) but also chain mediators (β = 0.059, 95% CI: [−0.073, −0.048]).
Conclusions: Managing insomnia in secondary vocational school students requires familial and individual strategies, including reducing family conflict, improving family functioning, and addressing cognitive biases and anxiety.
Causal Associations of Smoking, Alcohol, Obesity, Sedentary Behavior, Hypertension, and Hyperglycemia With Retinal Vein Occlusion: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Li Danyi , Liu Dong , Li Yang , Lai Zhongyan , Cao Wenjie 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Retinal Vein Occlusion (RVO) is a common and main cause of blindness.
Causal, possible risk variables must be identified to develop preventative strategies for RVO.. Thus,
we decided to evaluate whether smoking, alcohol, obesity, sedentary behaviour, hypertension, and
hyperglycemia are associated with increased risk of RVO.

Methods:
The data sources of Mendelian Randomization (MR) study included FinnGen consortium
and the original GWAS article. A total of 130,604 cases with RVO from FinnGen consortium and
12,136 cases with RVO from the original GWAS article. The exposures of this MR study included
smoking, alcoholic consumption, obesity, sedentariness, hypertension, and hyperglycemia. The outcome
of this MR study was RVO.

Results:
Genetic predispositions to alcohol consumption (OR (odds ratio), 1.124; 95%CI, 1.007-
1.254; P=0.037) and hyperglycemia (OR, 1.108; 95%CI, 1.023-1.200; P=0.012) were associated
with increased risks of RVO in FinnGen. There were no significant associations of genetically predicted
consumption of smoking (OR, 1.037; 95%CI, 0.341-3.155; P=0.949), obesity (OR, 1.045;
95%CI, 0.975-1.119; P=0.213), sedentariness (OR, 1.022; 95%CI, 0.753-1.38-; P=0.888), or hypertension
(OR, 0.944; 95%CI, 0.848-1.051; P=0.290) with RVO.

Conclusion:
This MR analysis provides genetic evidence that increased alcohol consumption and
hyperglycemia may be causal risk factors for RVO. In addition, no genetic evidence in this MR
analysis supported that there were causal associations between smoking, sedentariness, obesity and
hypertension with RVO.
Using the AP1 Transcription Factor FOSL1 to Assess the Exacerbation of Psoriasis
Authors: Sobolev Vladimir , Soboleva Anna , Katkova Ksenia , Denisova Elena , Zhukova Olga , Potekaev Nikolay , Sakanyia Luiza , Korsunskaya Irina , Mezentsev Alexandre 
Published: January 2025

Background:
The transcription factor AP1 plays a crucial role in the
proliferation, apoptosis, and terminal differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes.

Objective:
This study aimed to clarify whether the subunit of AP1, FOSL1 protein, can
be used to assess the exacerbation of psoriasis by evaluating its changes in protein
and mRNA levels in cultured epidermal keratinocytes and skin specimens of the
patients prescribed with bathwater PUVA (Psoralen and UVA) therapy.
This study aimed to investigate FOSL1, a subunit of the transcription factor AP-1, as a
potential biomarker for psoriasis by examining its protein and mRNA expression in skin
specimens from patients undergoing bathwater PUVA (Psoralen and UVA) therapy
and cultured epidermal keratinocytes.

Methods:
The distribution of FOSL1 in patients’ skin was explored by
immunohistochemistry. Changes in gene and protein expression were quantitatively
assessed by qPCR and ELISA, respectively.

Results:
Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that FOSL1 accumulated in lesional
skin. The expression of FOSL1 significantly increased during disease flare-ups but
decreased following the treatment with bathwater PUVA therapy. Furthermore,
silencing FOSL1 led to a marked reduction in the expression of ten FOSL1 target
genes associated with the disease.

Conclusion:
Our study suggests that FOSL1 shows potential as a biomarker for
psoriasis. This is supported by two key findings: first, the expression of FOSL1
correlates with disease activity, and second, its expression is linked to changes in the
expression of genes previously implicated in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, namely
MMP1, MMP9, IVL, CCNA2, CCL2, HMOX1, PLAU, PLAUR, and THBD.
Design and Modeling of 4-Anilinoquinazoline Derivatives as Small Molecule Inhibitors of T790M/C797S EGFR Mutations to Abandon the Phenomenon of Tumor Angiogenesis
Authors: Shah Altaf Ahmad , Khan Mohammad Kalim Ahmad , Akhtar Salman 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
In most types of cancers, specifically, lung cancer, glioblastoma, and breast cancer, the EGFR tyrosine kinase mostly remains in an overactivation state due to the developed mutations in a few specific residues of the kinase domain of protein EGFR.

Methods:
The overexpression of EGFR results in the activation of signaling pathways responsible for the proliferation, growth, metastasis, and neo-angiogenesis in different types of cancers. The different mutations found in cancers expressing the EGFR include L858R, T790, and C797S and other uncommon mutations like S786R, C761X, and L861Q mutations. In the treatment with first-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors like erlotinib and gefitinib, cancers have developed secondary resistance due to the development of secondary mutations like T790M.

Results:
It was first proposed that T790M mutations do not block the binding of the inhibitors, but later on, it was found that T790M mutations restore the ATP binding affinity of the kinase domain of EGFR monomers. Therefore, the first-generation inhibitors are not able to bind to T790M mutated EGFR. The second-generation 4-anilino quinazoline-based EGFR inhibitors like dacomitinib and afatinib have shown excellent binding potency with EGFR (T790M) but suffer serious side effects, which urges us to search for new small molecules, which may have the potential to inhibit the tumor angiogenic signals associated with over-activated EGFR.

Conclusion:
In this study, new 4-anilino quinazoline inhibitors as small molecule inhibitors were discovered to target T790M/C797S mutations in EGFR using structure-based virtual screening, docking, and metabolic reactivity studies against the phenomenon of tumor angiogenesis.
Evaulation of varicocelectomy efficacy in primary and secondary infertile men
Authors: Akilov F. A. , Muxtarov Sh. T. , Shomarufov A. B. , Abbosov Sh. A. , Giyasov Sh. I. , Mirkhamidov D. H. , Gulomov Sh. X. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Varicocele is one of the main causes of subfertility in men with primary and secondary infertility. Objective. In this study, we compared the initial semen parameters and the effectiveness of varicocelectomy in men with primary and secondary infertility. Materials & methods. 100 men suffering from primary infertility (PI) and secondary infertility (SI) and having varicocelectomy were recruited. Patients were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 included 58 men with PI and the group 2 42 men with SI. Preoperative clinical characteristics and semen parameters before and after varicocelectomy were analyzed and compared between groups. Results. Analysis revealed that the mean age of patients of the group 1 was significantly lower (p < 0,001) and duration of infertility was accurately shorter (p < 0,01) than those of group 2. Main semen parameters increased significantly in group I (e. g., sperm concentration increased by 50 %, from 62,2 ± 8,7 to 93,5 ± 10,0 M/ml and total motile sperm count increased by 113 %, from 76,7 ± 17,1 to 163,4 ± 27,8 M p < 0,05), while in group 2 only % of progressive motile sperm increased significantly (by 107 %, from 13,5 ± 2,6 to 28,0 ± 5,2 % p < 0,05). We identified significant difference in varicocelectomy efficacy between group 1 and group 2 in change of total motile sperm count (by 113 % vs. 74 % respectively, p < 0,01). We also revealed discrepancy between groups in correlation ratio (r) between initial and post-surgical percentage of progressive motile sperm. Conclusions. Patients with SI were older and had longer infertility period. Varicocelectomy resulted in significant semen parameters improvement in patients with PI. In patients with SI only a percent of progressively motile sperm improved significantly. It shows that male age and infertility duration may negatively affect varicocelectomy outcomes in male subfertility treatment.
Bladder ultrasound in the differential diagnosis of variably-aetiologic chronic recurrent cystitis
Authors: Ibishev Kh. S. , Paleny A. I. , Mezhidova A. D. , Mamedov V. K. , Goncharov I. D. , Ilyash A. V. , Sizyakin D. V. , Kogan M. I. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction. In recent years, there has been a shift in the perspective on the pathogenic basis of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the lower urinary tract. This change is due to the paradigm of non-sterility of urine and the urinary tract. As a result, the long-held view of the etiological structure, pathogenesis, and methods of diagnosis and treatment is being revised. Objective. To study ultrasound changes in the bladder wall of patients with chronic recurrent cystitis (CRC) depending on the etiologic factor. Materials & Methods. The prospective study involved 177 sexually active women aged 20 – 45 years who had previously been diagnosed with CRC during an exacerbation. Depending on the etiologic factor, they were divided into three groups: Group 1 (n = 96) — papillomavirus CRC (PV-CRC), Group 2 (n = 70) — bacterial CRC (B-CRC), and Group 3 (n = 11) — candidal CRC (C-CRC). To perform a bladder ultrasound, scanner «Philips En Visor» CHD was used using in the B-mode. Results. The study data analysis on the bladder volume in patients of groups 1 and 2 showed significant differences from the results of group 3. When assessing the ultrasound data for residual urine, no clinically significant deviations were found in any of the groups. Regarding the bladder wall thickening, there are reliable differences between the studied groups: in most patients from group 1 and almost all patients in group 3, the bladder wall thickness exceeded standard values. Conclusion. CRC is a multi-causal disease, and the etiological factor determines its pathogenetic basis. Ultrasound examination of the bladder can serve as a screening method for CRC, providing clues about the nature of infectious and inflammatory processes in the bladder.
Doppler-controlled microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy: a single centre experience
Authors: Ryzhkov A. I. , Sokolova S. Yu. , Shormanov I. S. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Injury to the testicular artery during microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy (MSV) results in testicular atrophy in 20 – 40% of cases. The use of techniques that improve visualization of the testicular artery could increase the efficacy and safety of MSV. Objective. To evaluate the effect of intraoperative Doppler control (IDC) on the outcomes of microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy. Materials & methods. Retrospective cohort study. The study included 101 patients with clinical left-sided varicocele who underwent surgical treatment at the «Mother and Child Yaroslavl» clinic between January 2022 and November 2023. Fifty-two patients underwent standard microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy (MSV group), while 49 patients had MSV with intraoperative Doppler control (MSV + IDC group). The intraoperative Doppler control was performed using the Minimax-Doppler-K 20 MHz («SP Minimax», St. Petersburg, Russia). Intraoperatively, the number of preserved arterial and ligated venous stems was counted. Three months after the surgery, the presence of postoperative complications and changes in pain syndrome were assessed. Results. The average surgery time was 79.5 ± 11.3 minutes in the MSV group and 75.4 ± 12.1 minutes in the MSV + IDC group (p = 0.083). Multiple branches of the testicular artery were observed in 77.6 % of patients in the MSV + IDC group compared to 36.5 % in the MSV group (p < 0.001). The mean number of ligated veins was 16.7 ± 2.9 in the MSV + IDC group versus 15.0 ± 3.8 in the MSV group (p = 0.014). No differences were found in the number of preserved lymphatic vessels between the groups. Three months after surgery, no complications such as varicocele recurrence, hydrocele, or testicular atrophy were reported. Pain relief three months post-surgery was noted in 66.7% and 91.7 % of patients with preoperative pain syndrome in the MSV and MSV + IDC groups, respectively (p = 0.047). Conclusion. The utilisation of intraoperative Doppler control during microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy permits the preservation of a greater number of branches of the internal testicular artery, the ligation of a larger number of veins, and the attainment of superior outcomes with respect of post-operative pain relief.
Efficiacy of Prostatex Plus in the prevention of prostate biopsy complications
Authors: Aboyan I. A. , Grachev S. V. , Pakus S. M. , Badyan K. I. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The most frequent complications after fine-needle biopsy of the prostate gland are infections and inflammations, which can occur in up to 17 % of cases. Currently, there is no standardised protocol for preventing infectious complications, including the choice of medication, duration, and timing of administration. Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of Prostatex Plus in combination therapy after prostate biopsy compared with the generally accepted approach to patient management. Materials and methods. A prospective study involved 62 men undergoing examination and treatment at the Regional Clinical and Diagnostic Centre «Zdorovie». Transrectal biopsy was performed using a Philips HD 11 ultrasound scanner with an endfire transrectal probe. All patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 — 30 people who received antibacterial therapy plus Prostatex Plus for 20 days. Patients completed standard urological questionnaires IPSS and NIH-CPSI preoperatively, on day 7 and 30. Results. Group 1 patients showed worsening of symptoms at 7 and 30 days after biopsy compared to preoperative values according to IPSS. Aggravation of symptoms severity according to the NIH-CPSI questionnaire was observed on the day 7, by the day 30 the worsening of symptoms levelled out. Similar results were obtained when analysing the indicators of group 2: both IPSS and NIH-CPSI questionnaire showed worsening of the patients' condition by the post-op day 7, and on the post-op day 30 it was statistically significantly higher in comparison with the primary indicators (p = 0,001). Patients with a history of abacterial prostatitis showed a difference in IPSS scores 30 days after biopsy (p = 0.020). A similar situation was observed regarding pain syndrome according to the NIH-CPSI. Conclusion. Patients with abacterial prostatitis who received Prostatex Plus showed statistically significant improvement in the symptomatology of urinary disorders and pain syndrome than patients who received antimicrobial therapy alone.
Robotic cystprostatectomy in a 13-year-old child with prostate rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Mosoyan M. S. , Kagantsov I. M. , Dinikina Yu. V. , Kashina E. A. , Gilev E. S. , Fedorov D. A. , Rutkovskiy R. V. , Komlichenko E. V. , Kopylov V. V. , Pervunina T. M. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction. R Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common type of sarcoma in children, which can affect the genitourinary system. Treatment protocols for patients with rhabdomyosarcomas of the prostate and bladder differ, particularly regarding the need, extent, and timing of surgical treatment. Currently, there are two main treatment protocols for rhabdomyosarcomas of the bladder and prostate: the European (SIOP), approved by the International Society of Pediatric Urology, and the North American one, supported by the Children's Oncology Group (COG). Both protocols share the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy after biopsy of the lesion to clarify the diagnosis. However, the North American protocol recommends further radiotherapy to prevent dysfunction of pelvic organs after surgery, while the European protocol advocates for surgical correction after chemotherapy. Moreover, there is no unified approach to selecting the surgical treatment method. Specialists use both organ-preserving and organ-sparing operations. Objective. To describe a clinical case of using robotic cystoprostatectomy as a radical treatment method for a patient with prostate rhabdomyosarcoma. Clinical case. The paper describes a clinical case of a 13-year-old boy with prostate rhabdomyosarcoma who received staged chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Since residual tumor tissue remained, the child underwent radical surgery, including robotic cystoprostatectomy with the creation of bilateral ureterostomy. Conclusion. In this case, it was decided to opt for a radical surgical treatment method — cystoprostatectomy with removal of the bilateral ureterostomy. This decision was based on the presence of residual tumor tissue according to MRI data, as well as after numerous blocks of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This approach allowed the patient to undergo an adjuvant course of chemotherapy without the risk of postoperative complications, such as infection of the intestinal reservoir in cases where it is created simultaneously with cystoprostatectomy.
Optimizing compliance and efficacy in intravesical BCG therapy for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: tailored strategies and clinical outcomes
Authors: Shubhankar G. , Mittal A. , Panwar V. K. , Ghorai R. P. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Bladder cancer ranks among the most prevalent malignancies worldwide, with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) constituting most cases. Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) therapy is a cornerstone in NMIBC management, reducing recurrence and progression rates. However, patient compliance remains a challenge due to adverse effects, discomfort, and the demanding treatment regimen. Objective. To evaluate the tolerability and complications associated with intravesical BCG therapy and to assess the efficacy of strategies implemented to enhance patient compliance and mitigate dropout rates. Materials & Methods. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 163 patients diagnosed with NMIBC who underwent intravesical BCG therapy at our institution from August 2018 to December 2022. Data included patient demographics, tumour stage, BCG dosage, therapy duration, and adverse effects. Compliance strategies involved dedicated outpatient clinics, exclusive resident and nursing staff, and proactive toxicity management. Dosage modulation to 80 mg was employed for patients unable to tolerate the standard 120 mg BCG dose. Results. Among the cohort, 86 % were male, with 63 % being chronic smokers. Recurrence occurred in 16 % of patients, with 4 progressing to muscle-invasive disease (T2). BCG-related toxicity (Grade 1) was observed in 50 % of patients, with conservative management proving effective. A dose reduction to 80 mg was necessary in 17 % of patients, improving tolerance in the majority. Key compliance strategies significantly reduced dropout rates, with 80 % of patients completing the full course of therapy. Conclusion. Strategic interventions such as dosage modulation, dedicated clinic days, and comprehensive patient counselling markedly improved adherence to intravesical BCG therapy, reducing adverse effects and dropout rates. These findings underscore the importance of tailored strategies to enhance compliance, ultimately improving NMIBC management and patient outcomes.
The Effect of Heat Treatment on Hardness and Microstructure of Al-Cu Squeeze Casting Product
Authors: Saifullah Ali , Reynaldi Ferdian , Aisyah Iis Siti , Heri Soegiharto Achmad Fauzan 
Published: January 2025

This research was conducted with the purpose of knowing the change mechanical properties of Al - Cu squeeze casting product which applied heat treatment and quenching. This study uses Al with the addition of 2% and 4% Cu,with the squeeze casting pressures applied are 100, 200, 300 and 400 bar. Heat treatment temperature constant at 520 ° C and 90 minute holding time. The heat treatment results were observed using Optical Microscopy with 800 times magnification and the hardness was measured using the Vickers hardness test method. . The highest result of hardness is on the pressure 400 bar with the addition of 4% Cu which is 120.53 VHN and the average percentage of the most Al2Cu compounds is 23.125%. Heat treatment followed by quenching process significantly increase the hardness, it is because of the more solid and smaller granular shape due to quenching
Thermal Design Optimization of No Phase Change Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger using Particle Swarm Algorithm
Authors: Fahriani Vera Pangni , Setiawan Reza , Hrdlička František , Darmanto Prihadi Setyo 
Published: January 2025

Shell-and-tube heat exchanger is designed to satisfy certain requirements such as heat transfer capability, allowable pressure drop and limitation of size. Beside such requirements, it is important to consider economical point of view to get lowest total cost. In this study, computational program and optimization for thermal design shell-and-tube heat exchanger were built for liquid to liquid with no phase change process in four variables design parameters using Bell-Delaware method. The design variables were tube size, tube length, baffle cut to shell inside diameter ratio and central baffle spacing to shell inside diameter ratio. Particle swarm algorithm was used as optimization method to get lower solution for economical point of view shell-and-tube heat exchanger. The results from two study cases show that particle swarm algorithm got lower total cost from the original design. The total cost decreased 28.84 % in first study case and 52.57 % in second study case from the original design.
Mechanistic Insights Into the Exercise-Induced Changes in Muscle Lipids and Insulin Sensitivity—Expanding on the “Athlete’s Paradox”: Revisiting a 2011 Diabetes Classic by Amati et al.
Authors: Horowitz Jeffrey F. , Goodpaster Bret H. 
Published: January 2025

Endurance exercise is widely recognized for its role in mitigating insulin resistance, yet the precise mechanisms remain unclear. In this Classics in Diabetes article, we revisit the article by Amati et al., “Skeletal Muscle Triglycerides, Diacylglycerols, and Ceramides in Insulin Resistance: Another Paradox in Endurance-Trained Athletes?” Published in the October 2011 issue of Diabetes, this article was among the first to highlight the nuanced roles of exercise-induced changes in bioactive lipids such as ceramide and diacylglycerol (DAG) in insulin signaling. The authors’ groundbreaking work challenged some existing paradigms, revealing a more complex relationship between DAGs and insulin resistance than previously thought. Their findings helped lay the foundation for further exploration to unravel the intricate biochemical pathways through which exercise influences insulin sensitivity and metabolic health.