bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associated factors for benign prostatic hyperplasia in patients with bladder calculi
Authors: Lu Junjie , Gao Wanting , Fei Chunyang , Liao Wenqiang , Hou Gaoming , Lin Yuxue , Rao Wenwang , Yang Qingtao , Sui Xuxia 
Published: February 2025

Purpose: A retrospective study was performed to identify potential metabolic abnormalities and inflammatory abnormalities associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) secondary to bladder calculi. Materials and Methods: This study enrolled 646 patients with bladder calculi between 2008 and 2022, including 314 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 332 without BPH. Demographic characteristics, serum biochemical parameters, prostate volume, maximum bladder calculus diameter, and randomized urinary metabolic profiles were compared between the two groups. Results: BPH was associated with increased aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase (mean 1.2 vs 1.1, P < 0.05), lower cholinesterase (mean 7240.5 vs 7778.4, P < 0.01), increased systolic pressure (mean 137.2 vs 133.4, P < 0.01). Patients with BPH were significantly older and had higher systolic blood pressure compared to non-BPH patients. BPH group exhibited significantly lower levels of albumin/globulin ratio, cholinesterase, phosphorus, triglycerides, platelet count, neutrophil count, and white blood cell count, while demonstrating higher aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase ratio, mean corpuscular volume, monocyte ratio, and urinary red blood cell count. Prostate volume was proportional to body weight and crystal count. Lower phosphorus (OR = 0.207; 95%CI = 0.068, 0.635; P < 0.01) and higher age (OR = 1.065; 95%CI = 1.041, 1.090; P < 0.001) were associated with BPH. Conclusions: Advanced age was identified as a significant risk factor for prostate hyperplasia in patients with bladder calculi, whereas elevated phosphorus levels emerged as a protective factor. The pathogenesis of BPH secondary to bladder calculi appears to be multifactorial, primarily influenced by metabolic abnormalities and inflammatory processes. These findings provide valuable insights for the clinical assessment and management of BPH secondary to bladder calculi.
Unlocking efficiency: Imidazole-nitrile based catalyst as latent thermal curative for improved epoxy resin curing and exploring mechanical behavior
Authors: Mohamed Mydeen K , Krishnasamy Balaji , Ramachandran Sasikumar , Muthukaruppan Alagar 
Published: February 2025

The imidazole core-based cyano-derivative (TDMN) was successfully synthesized through the reaction of terephthaldehyde and diaminomaleonitrile in absence of any catalysts with 86% yield. The product resulted was characterized for its molecular structure and cure behavior. TDMN was used for the curing of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A epoxy resin (E) with different amine curatives, including 4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane (ddm), 4,4′-diaminodiphenylether (dde), 4,4′-diaminodiphenylsulfone (dds), dicyandiamide (dicy) and melamine (M). With a notable storage stability of 90 days, E-amines with TDMN proved strong and efficient. The curing temperatures were found to be 75°C, 120°C, 150°C, 150°C and 180°C for ddm, dde, dds, dicy and m based one-pack latent E-amines with TDMN, respectively. The activation energy (Ea) of E-M + TDMN has calculated using Kissinger and Ozawa methods and found that 80.14 kJ mol−1 and 79.74 kJ mol−1 respectively. Tensile specimens and bio-carbon briquettes fabricated using E-amines with TDMN catalyst exhibited enhanced tensile and compressive strength compared to neat E-amine systems. This study represents a pioneering development in latent thermal initiator technology for epoxy curing, with promising applications in composite fabrication and energy efficiency.
Preparation and properties of soluble thermoplastic polyimides with phenol side-groups for flexible copper clad laminates
Authors: He Juan , Niu Xiang , Chen Wenqiu , Chen Wei , Yu Yang , Fan Hepin 
Published: February 2025

Polyimide (PI), which is derived from bisphenol A-type diether dianhydride (BPADA) and 4,4-diamino-diphenyl ether (ODA), and known as the typical commercial UltemTM thermoplastic PI, is widely used a heat-resistant engineering plastic. However, its film material still has some practical problems such as insufficient adhesion and poor high temperature resistance when it is used as the supporting film or bonding layer of FCCL. A novel diamine monomer 4-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2,6-bis(p-aminophenyl) pyridine ( p,p-HAPP) containing pyridine heterocyclic structure and bulky phenol side-group at its para position was firstly synthesized, and subsequently employed as the second diamine monomer to prepare a series of PI resins by co-polycondensation with ODA and BPADA via the conventional two-step method. Then, the corresponding PI film was prepared by casting the purified PI solution on glass plate, and finally used to prepare flexible copper clad laminate (FCCL) by hot pressing. The chemical structure, composition and purity of p, p-HAPP, as well as the chemical and phase structures of the resulting PIs are confirmed by relevant means. It is found from the following tests that by introducing a certain amount of p, p-HAPP as a second diamine monomer for ternary copolycondensation, it not only ensures that the resulting PIs (PI-1 ∼ PI-3) have good solubilities and relatively low dielectric properties, but also improves their heat resistance, thermal stabilities, thermal dimensional stabilities, mechanical properties and hydrophobicities. In addition, from the tests of FCCL resulted by the preferred PI films (PI-0 ∼ PI-3), which have good comprehensive performance, it is also found that the average peel strength (PS) value of the FCCL, prepared by PI-1 with a 25% molar content of p, p-HAPP in mixed diamines, is up to 1.23 N mm−1, and the solder float resistance tests at 288°C and 310°C are all passed. Therefore, PI-1 is a good candidate material for interlayer dielectric application of FCCL without requiring any alloplastic adhesion promoter in this study, which provides an effective strategy for the preparation of thermoplastic PI film with excellent comprehensive properties such as excellent solubility, good mechanical property, low water absorption rate ( WAR), high adhesion and heat resistance.
Dynamic response and damage collapse of bridge subjected to debris flow impacts using coupled Eulerian Lagrangian method
Authors: Fan Jian , Wu Zhifeng , Gao Chunyang , Lu Yang , Li Yuan 
Published: February 2025

The coupled Eulerian Lagrangian (CEL) fluid–structure interaction method was employed to study the bridge’s dynamic behaviour under debris flow. The accuracy of the numerical simulations using the CEL method was confirmed by comparing them with small-scale experimental results for debris flow impacting bridge piers. For a real continuous girder bridge susceptible to debris-flow disasters, a detailed finite-element model of the bridge was established, with an emphasis on the precise modelling of hollow thin-walled variable-section piers. Utilising the CEL method, the study explored the effects of debris flow with varying burst frequencies on the bridge. The process of debris flow impacting bridge pier can be summarized into four stages: ‘contact’, ‘flow around’, ‘closure’, and ‘stabilisation’. Prior to reaching the stabilisation stage, the stress near the flow-passing surface at the bottom of the pier gradually increases. The erosion effect of debris flow on the pier was further taken into consideration, distinguishing it from the simplified method of direct impact, as recommended in the standard. The CEL method provides a more precise representation of local damage and structural response in bridges under debris flow impact compared to the simplified method. During the impact under once-in-100-year debris-flow, the lower part of the pier experienced concrete damage and exposed steel bars, yet still maintained normal functionality. The study not only elucidated the effects of debris flow on the flow field distribution, stress, impact, displacement, and overall damage to the bridge but also highlighted vulnerable points within the bridge. The bridge appeared to meet operational requirements for a design lifespan of 100 years, but it may potentially collapse during once-in-200-year debris-flow. Under the once-in-200-year working condition, the weak point at the bottom of the pier, that is, the hollow solid conversion place, is first damaged, and further expands under the impact and erosion of the debris flow, resulting in the complete failure of the foundation support of the pier and the collapse of the bridge.
Long-term Clinical Outcomes and Predictors of Type-III Endoleak in a Large Cohort of Patients Treated With Anatomically Fixed Stent Grafts Over 20 Years
Authors: Leone Nicola , Andreoli Francesco , Baresi Giovanni Francesco , Ferri Andrea , Bartolotti Luigi Alberto Maria , Saitta Giuseppe Marcello , Silingardi Roberto , Gennai Stefano 
Published: February 2025

Objective: To assess the incidence, outcomes, and predictors of type III endoleaks (TIIIELs) in patients treated with different generations of Endologix unibody devices for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Methods: Patients treated with unibody endografts between 1999 and 2020 in a single unit were prospectively enrolled, retrospectively analyzed, and stratified according to device generation. The primary outcome was the incidence of TIIIEL in patients treated with unibody devices. Secondary outcomes included: (1) TIIIEL incidence among the different device generations; (2) comparison of type IIIa (TIIIaELs) and type IIIb endoleaks (TIIIbELs) incidence, treatment, and complications; (3) risk factor analysis for TIIIEL; (4) overall survival and survival free from TIIIEL. Results: A total of 872 patients who underwent endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) were analyzed. The cumulative incidence of TIIIEL was 4.8% (42/872). The incidence among different generations was 2.4% (10/414), 21.7% (15/69), and 4.6% (16/341), and 2.1% (1/48) for Powerlink, AFXs, AFXd, and AFX2. Freedom from TIIIEL by device generation was significantly lower in the AFXs group (p<0.001). Type III endoleaks was higher in urgent EVAR (p=0.011), large AAA (p<0.001), angulated and calcified necks (p=0.002), and when more than one modular component or non-proprietary extension was used (p<0.001). AFXs was found as independent risk factor for TIIIEL (hazard ratio [HR]=3.1, p=0.003), while the use of a single component decreased the risk (HR=0.3, p=0.005). Finally, every 10-mm increase in AAA diameter resulted in a 2-fold increase in TIIIEL risk (HR=2.0, p<0.001). Conclusion: The first generation of AFX endograft was associated with an increase in TIIIEL risk by 3.1 times, claiming a strict and careful follow-up in patients implanted with this device. Clinical Impact The old-generation of unibody endograft AFXs was associated with an increase in TIIIEL risk by 3.1 times. Angulated and calcified neck, large aneurysms and the use of nonproprietary graft extension were found as independent risk factors for TIIIEL. Patients implanted with these devices and with these anatomical features should be intensively monitored during follow-up.
Comparison of inflammatory markers before and after nanoliposomal irinotecan and fluorouracil with folic acid in patients with pancreatic cancer: results from the NAPOLEON-2 study (NN-2302)
Authors: Araki Tomonori , Hayashi Kohei , Shimokawa Mototsugu , Otsuka Taiga , Sonoda Yuki , Honda Takuya , Shibuki Taro , Nakazawa Junichi , Arima Shiho , Miwa Keisuke , Koga Futa , Ueda Yujiro , Kubotsu Yoshihito , Shimokawa Hozumi , Takeshita Shigeyuki , Nishikawa Kazuo , Komori Azusa , Otsu Satoshi , Hosokawa Ayumu , Sakai Tatsunori , Oda Hisanobu , Kawahira Machiko , Arita Shuji , Taguchi Hiroki , Tsuneyoshi Kengo , Fujita Toshihiro , Sakae Takahiro , Kawaguchi Yasunori , Shirakawa Tsuyoshi , Mizuta Toshihiko , Mitsugi Kenji 
Published: February 2025

Background: Relationships between cancer onset, progression, and inflammation have been reported; yet, the significance of inflammatory markers before and after treatment with nanoliposomal irinotecan and fluorouracil with folic acid (NFF) is unclear. Objectives: We aimed to (1) investigate whether worsening inflammation is associated with disease progression and whether it can be used as a biomarker by comparing inflammatory markers before and after treatment with NFF and (2) verify which is a superior biomarker. Design: This was a preplanned analysis of a retrospective cohort of the NAPOLEON-2 study, a multicenter observational study. Patients from 20 institutions were enrolled. Those with unresectable pancreatic cancer who received NFF as a second-line or later-line treatment between June 1, 2020, and May 31, 2021, were included. Methods: The primary endpoint was overall survival, and the main secondary endpoint was progression-free survival. The following inflammatory markers were assessed: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, Prognostic Nutrition Index (PNI), C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR), Glasgow prognostic score (GPS), Prognostic Index (PI), and Komori score. Results: A total of 161 patients were enrolled. The CAR, NLR, GPS (1 vs 2), PI (1 vs 2), PNI, and Komori score were useful pre-NFF biomarkers (hazard ratios (HRs): 2.59, 2.28, 2.76/3.35, 2.16/18.89, 2.13, and 3.39, respectively). The CAR, NLR, GPS (compared with a score of 1/2), and PI (compared with a score of 1/2) were useful post-NFF biomarkers (HRs: 2.63, 1.88, 2.54/3.09, 2.30/5.39, respectively). In terms of the receiver operating characteristic curve and Akaike information criterion, the CAR, GPS, and PI showed favorable trends, and overall, CAR was a useful biomarker. Conclusion: Inflammatory markers can be used as biomarkers both before and after NFF treatment, and CAR may be useful. We hope these findings will contribute to the selection of appropriate treatment options.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Continuous Glucose Monitors on Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Receiving Institutional Financial Assistance
Authors: Cheng Kevin K. , Vera Cruz Maxine F. , Tylee Tracy S. , Kelly Mary S. 
Published: February 2025

Background: Current guidelines suggest utilizing continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) to improve hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in patients with diabetes. Financial cost remains a barrier to implementation. Medicare coverage criteria include all patients with diabetes treated with at least one injection of insulin per day, while Washington Medicaid is more restrictive. There remains a paucity of literature examining effectiveness of CGMs on clinical outcomes among patients with type 2 diabetes with lower incomes. Methods: This is a single-center, retrospective, observational study including adults with type 2 diabetes receiving institutional financial assistance for CGMs. A cohort with no CGM use is included for comparison. The primary outcome is change in HbA1c approximately three months after CGM implementation from baseline. Secondary outcomes include mean differences in number of antidiabetic agents and changes in insulin dose prior to and after CGM implementation. Results: Among the CGM cohort, most patients were of Hispanic ethnicity (77%) and a majority had no insurance (77%). The average HbA1c prior to CGM implementation was 8.3% and three months post-CGM was 7.7%, with a mean difference of −0.6% ( P = .004). There were no statistically significant differences in the average number of antidiabetic agents, total daily dosages of insulin, or mean differences in the number of emergency room visits or hospitalizations prior to and post-implementation of a CGM. Conclusion: Overall, there is a statistical and clinical improvement in HbA1c before and after implementation of CGMs in patients with type 2 diabetes who meet Medicaid criteria for CGM coverage receiving financial assistance.
Piper hainanense Hemsl. and P. thomsonii (C.DC.) Hook.f.: Essential Oil Compositions, Antimicrobial and Mosquito Larvicidal Activities
Authors: Huong Le Thi , Dai Do Ngoc , Hung Nguyen Huy , Dinh Luyen Nguyen , Pham Ty Viet , Linh Nguyen Ngoc , Son Ninh The 
Published: February 2025

Background and Objectives The genus Piper (family Piperaceae) includes aromatic plants widely used as spices and in traditional medicine. Essential oils from Piper species are known for their antimicrobial and pesticidal properties. This study aims to characterize the chemical profiles of the stem bark and leaf essential oils from two Vietnamese Piper species, Piper hainanense and P. thomsonii, and evaluate their biological activities. Methods Essential oil components were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Antimicrobial activity was assessed using the broth microdilution method, while mosquito larvicidal activity was evaluated against fourth instar larvae of Aedes aegypti. Results The major constituents of P. hainanense essential oils were sabinene (14.4-15.9%), δ-selinene (6.7-14.6%), β-pinene (13.5-13.9%), β-selinene (5.9-12.4%), α-pinene (7.0-9.0%), and β-elemene (6.1-6.6%). In P. thomsonii stem bark essential oil, elemicin (23.8%), spathulenol (14.5%), and caryophyllene oxide (7.4%) predominated, while its leaf essential oil contained elemicin (23.0%), β-pinene (15.6%), and γ-elemene (13.6%). Antimicrobial assays revealed that P. thomsonii essential oils exhibited strong antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger (MIC = 32 µg/mL). P. hainanense essential oils demonstrated strong mosquito larvicidal activity, with 24-h LC50 values of 26.72–32.57 µg/mL and LC90 values of 34.15–43.48 µg/mL. Conclusion P. hainanense and P. thomsonii essential oils exhibit potential as natural agents for creating antimicrobial medications and mosquito-control strategies. These results serve as a foundation for additional investigation into the medicinal and insecticidal uses of essential oils from Piper.
A user-centred website to support advance care planning for people with dementia and their family caregivers: Development and usability study
Authors: Monnet Fanny , Dupont Charlèss , Pivodic Lara , Smets Tinne , De Vleminck Aline , Van Audenhove Chantal , Van den Block Lieve 
Published: February 2025

Objective Advance care planning (ACP) is a dynamic communication process about future care preferences. We aimed to develop and test an ACP support website for people with dementia and their family caregivers. Methods We adopted a user-centred design process to develop and test the ACP support website. A content specification phase included needs assessment, evidence synthesis and translation into preliminary content. A creative design phase included storyboarding, iterative prototyping, and usability testing. People with dementia and family caregivers engaged in usability testing across four iterations, using System Usability Scale questionnaires, and think-aloud and semi-structured interviews. An advisory group with people with dementia, family caregivers, and diverse regional stakeholders was involved. Descriptive statistics and qualitative framework analysis were applied. Results Website goals were: providing ACP information and facilitating ACP conversations. A ‘what matters most’ approach (i.e. enabling users to reflect on ‘what matters most’ in the present and the future) and non-linear navigation were favoured. We tested the website with 17 people with dementia and 26 family caregivers. Feedback addressed design, navigation and content. Usability scores of 76.4 for family caregivers and 81.3 for people with dementia were achieved. Family caregivers and people with dementia highlighted the value of information and interactive ACP tools, the need for language simplification and harmonised layout. People with dementia experienced challenges in using interactive tools. Conclusion The user-centred development process, involving diverse stakeholders, led to the development of an ACP support website deemed usable and useful. Future evaluation should focus on acceptability, feasibility and effectiveness of the ACP support website.
A 5G network based conceptual framework for real-time malaria parasite detection from thick and thin blood smear slides using modified YOLOv5 model
Authors: Lipsa Swati , Kumar Dash Ranjan , Cengiz Korhan , Ivković Nikola , Akhunzada Adnan 
Published: February 2025

Objective This paper aims to address the need for real-time malaria disease detection that integrates a faster prediction model with a robust underlying network. The study first proposes a 5G network-based healthcare system and then develops an automated malaria detection model capable of providing an accurate diagnosis, particularly in areas with limited diagnostic resources. Methods The proposed system leverages a deep learning-based YOLOv5x algorithm to detect malaria parasites in thick and thin blood smear samples. The YOLOv5x network architecture was modified by introducing two squeeze-and-excitation network (SENet) layers just before the Upsample layers. The system is designed to operate over 5G networks efficiently, enabling remote and smart healthcare solutions. Results The modified YOLOv5x model demonstrated improved accuracy and precision in detecting malaria parasites on microscopic slides. The inclusion of SENet layers optimized the network’s performance, making it suitable for real-time disease detection over a 5G network. Conclusion Our model exemplifies how a generic one-stage object detection algorithm, such as YOLOv5x, can be repurposed to detect objects as small as malaria parasites from microscopic visuals in a cost-effective manner over the 5G network. By integrating the computational efficiency of deep learning with the connectivity of 5G networks, this system can significantly enhance remote diagnostic capabilities and contribute to smart healthcare solutions.
Delayed Initiation of the 2016 World Health Organization Antenatal Care Contact and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women at Public Health Facilities of Kamba Zuria District South Ethiopia
Authors: Misikir Dawit , Ezo Elias 
Published: February 2025

Introduction Antenatal care involves specialized expert care for pregnant women from the onset of pregnancy until delivery. Objective To examine delayed initiation of the 2016 WHO antenatal care contact and associated factors among pregnant women at public health facilities of Kamba Zuria district, south Ethiopia, 2023. Methods A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 380 systematically selected pregnant women from May 1 to May 30, 2023. Data were entered using Epi-Data 7.1 Version and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Binary logistic regression was performed and all variables with a p < .25 in bivariable analysis have been shifted in multivariable logistic regression evaluation. Statistical significance was declared at a p < .05 in adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval. Result The magnitude of delayed initiation of the 2016 WHO antenatal care contact was 43.4% [95% CI: 38.4–48.4%]. Being a rural residence [AOR: 2.12, 95% CI: 1.24–3.62], having a history of abortion [AOR: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.14–0.45], unplanned being pregnant [AOR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.50–4.35], having illness during present-day pregnancy [AOR: 0.20, 95% CI:0.09–0.39], now not being a member of women’s health development army [AOR: 2.73, 95% CI: 1.63–4.57], transportation get entry to hassle [AOR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.18–3.29] and own family length of 1–2 [AOR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.17–0.85], and 3–5 [AOR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.22–0.84] have been appreciably associated. Conclusion Two in five pregnant women are not on time receiving their first antenatal care services. Being a rural resident, having a record of abortion, unplanned pregnancy, infection at some stage in pregnancy, transportation troubles, being a member of the women's health development army, and circle of relatives length were substantially related. Therefore, providing health education during early antenatal contact, proper gynecological and obstetric care, and strengthening women's health development might enhance the initiation of antenatal care.