bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ExPeCT: a randomised trial examining the impact of exercise on quality of life in men with metastatic prostate cancer
Authors: Sheill Gráinne , Brady Lauren , Hayes Brian , Baird Anne-Marie , Guinan Emer , Vishwakarma Rishabh , Brophy Caroline , Vlajnic Tatjana , Casey Orla , Murphy Verena , Greene John , Allott Emma , Hussey Juliette , Cahill Fidelma , Van Hemelrijck Mieke , Peat Nicola , Mucci Lorelei , Cunningham Moya , Grogan Liam , Lynch Thomas , Manecksha Rustom P. , McCaffrey John , O’Donnell Dearbhaile , Sheils Orla , O’Leary John , Rudman Sarah , McDermott Ray , Finn Stephen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Purpose
All patients living with cancer, including those with metastatic cancer, are encouraged to be physically active. This paper examines the secondary endpoints of an aerobic exercise intervention for men with metastatic prostate cancer.

Methods
ExPeCT (Exercise, Prostate Cancer and Circulating Tumour Cells), was a multi-centre randomised control trial with a 6-month aerobic exercise intervention arm or a standard care control arm. Exercise adherence data was collected via heart rate monitors. Quality of life (FACT-P) and physical activity (self-administered questionnaire) assessments were completed at baseline, at 3 months and at 6 months.

Results
A total of 61 patients were included (69.4 ± 7.3 yr, body mass index 29.2 ± 5.8 kg/m2). The median time since diagnosis was 34 months (IQR 7–54). A total of 35 (55%) of participants had > 1 region affected by metastatic disease. No adverse events were reported by participants. There was no effect of exercise on quality of life (Cohen’s d =  − 0.082). Overall adherence to the supervised sessions was 83% (329 out of 396 possible sessions attended by participants). Overall adherence to the non-supervised home exercise sessions was 72% (months 1–3) and 67% (months 3–6). Modelling results for overall physical activity scores showed no significant main effect for the group (p-value = 0.25) or for time (p-value = 0.24).

Conclusion
In a group of patients with a high burden of metastatic prostate cancer, a 6-month aerobic exercise intervention did not lead to change in quality of life. Further exercise studies examining the role of exercise for people living with metastatic prostate cancer are needed.

Trial Registration
The trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02453139) on May 25th 2015.
Thermal eye injuries from dermatologic laser treatments—an experimental study
Authors: Nguyen Lynhda , Seeber Nikolaus , Schneider Stefan W. , Herberger Katharina 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn recent years, severe ocular complications
after dermatological laser therapies have been reported. One hypothesis is thermal damage due to heating of the metal eye shields. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the safety of ocular metal eye shields during laser therapy of the periocular region. For the experimental study, porcine eyelids were exposed to continuously increasing laser energy and multiple pulses using a number of dermatologic laser systems. Temperature differences of the convex and concave surface of metal eye shields were constantly measured using a thermocouple. Maximum increase of the convex surface of shields was + 8.9 °C (± 0.1 °C) provided by the long-pulsed alexandrite laser (20–25-J/cm2 energy, 15-mm spot size, 20-ms pulse duration, 1 Hz). Present data indicate that metal eye shields provide sufficient thermal protection when clinically used laser parameters are applied. Other safety precautions continue to be essential to protect both the patient and the laser operator. These include the use of nonreflective metal eye shields, precise knowledge of laser physics, and a clear understanding of how they interact with ocular and periocular anatomy.
Invasives EEG bei nichtläsioneller Epilepsie
Authors: Stefanits H. , Hengsberger A. , Gruber A. , Aichholzer M. 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungDie invasive prächirurgische Abklärung von therapieresistenten Epilepsien kann mit epi- oder subduralen Platten- oder Streifenelektroden oder mit Tiefenelektroden, also der Stereoelektroenzephalographie (SEEG), durchgeführt werden. Beide Methoden haben die Eingrenzung der epileptogenen Zone, die Darstellung der Nahebeziehung zu eloquenten Hirnarealen und die Lateralisation zum Ziel. Vor allem bei nichtläsionellen, also MR-negativen Epilepsien können diese Techniken zu einer höheren Rate an chirurgisch therapierbaren Fällen führen. In den letzten Jahren wird zunehmend das SEEG eingesetzt, da es bei deutlich geringerer Morbidität und höherem Patientenkomfort eine zumindest gleichwertige Aussagekraft wie die anderen Techniken bietet. Etwa 4–15 % aller prächirurgisch evaluierten Patienten sind nichtläsionell, und etwa 10–20 % werden mittels invasiven EEGs abgeleitet. Bis zu 67 % der invasiv abgeleiteten Patienten werden einem resektiven Eingriff zugeführt, wobei bis zu 50 % Chance auf Anfallsfreiheit besteht. Für die Temporallappenepilepsien spielt die Abklärung mittels invasiver EEG-Ableitung (iEEG) eine eher untergeordnete Rolle, obwohl sie v. a. für die Unterscheidung eines bilateralen Anfallsursprungs oder schneller Propagation eingesetzt wird. Bei den Frontallappenepilepsien dient das iEEG aufgrund der Größe des Lappens sowie der mannigfaltigen Verbindungen zur Lokalisationsdiagnostik, zum Ausschluss von schneller Propagation, zur Abgrenzung von eloquenten Arealen und zur Ableitung tiefer Strukturen (orbitofrontal). Im Bereich der Insel zeigt das SEEG seine große Überlegenheit, da diese erst durch den Einsatz von Tiefenelektroden explorierbar geworden ist. Sowohl subdurale Elektroden als auch das SEEG sind morbiditätsarme Methoden für die invasive prächirurgische Epilepsiediagnostik, wobei SEEG aufgrund der geringeren Komplikationsraten zunehmend häufiger eingesetzt wird. Es lässt Rückschlüsse auf Lage, Ausdehnung und Nahebeziehung der epileptogenen Zone zu und kann durch die dreidimensionale Abdeckung auch schnelle Propagation gut detektieren. Ihr Vorteil liegt in der Explorierbarkeit tiefer anatomischer Strukturen bei geringerer flächiger Abdeckung von oberflächlichem Kortex.
The Dialectical Principle of Charity: A Procedure for a Critical Discussion
Authors: Pruś Jakub , Sikora Piotr 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper aims to discuss a well-known concept from argumentation theory, namely the principle of charity. It will show that this principle, especially in its contemporary version as formulated by Donald Davidson, meets with some serious problems. Since we need the principle of charity in any kind of critical discussion, we propose the way of modifying it according to the presupponendum—the rule written in the sixteenth century by Ignatius Loyola. While also corresponding with pragma-dialectical rules, it also provides additional content. This will be termed the dialectical principle of charity, and it offers a few steps to be performed during an argument in order to make sure that the participants understand each other well and are not deceived by any cognitive bias. The meaning of these results could be of great significance for argumentation theory, pragma-dialectics and the practice of public discourse as it enhances the principle of charity and makes it easier to apply in argumentation.
The Overlooked Part of Flexible Assertive Community Treatment—A Retrospective Study on Factors Related to Discharge from FACT for Clients with a Psychotic Disorder
Authors: de Bruijn Eva , Jochems Eline C. , Wierdsma André I. , Voskes Yolande 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFlexible assertive community treatment (FACT) is a recovery-based treatment and its manual describes discharge criteria for clients who are recovered. Yet research on discharge is lacking. In this retrospective and observational study, between 2009 and 2019, we explored how sociodemographic, clinical, and treatment factors are associated with planned discharge or no discharge. We included 1734 clients with a psychotic disorder of which 38.5% were discharged after a mutual decision that FACT was no longer necessary. Logistic regression analysis was used to create a discharge profile which was more favorable for discharged clients. They were older at the start of FACT, had lower HoNOS scores, were diagnosed with another psychotic disorder, and had fewer contacts with non-FACT members. Discharge is a part of FACT and is more common than anticipated. While this study provides preliminary answers, further research is necessary to better understand discharge and its associated factors.
Morphological variation of African snakehead (Parachanna obscura) populations along climate and habitat gradients in Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa
Authors: Amoutchi Amien Isaac , Ugbor Ogechi Nnabuchi , Kouamelan Essetchi Paul , Mehner Thomas 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntraspecific morphological variation may reflect phenotypic plasticity or adaptive divergence. While adaptive shape divergence may occur more likely among isolated populations with reduced gene flow, phenotypic plasticity may reflect morphological responses to heterogeneous environments, even in spatially connected populations. We evaluated both processes while examining morphological variations among seven wild populations of snakehead fish (Parachanna obscura) along climate and habitat gradients in Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa. Morphological variations were studied by multivariate canonical variate analysis (CVA) as based on geometric morphometrics of 15 fish body landmarks. Correlations between shape variations among populations and climate and habitat characteristics and between morphological and geographic distances were calculated. We found significant morphological variations among the seven populations. The variations in fish shape were concentrated on landmarks related to swimming and feeding, suggesting a contribution of environmental variation to morphological differentiation. However, we did not detect significant effects of climate and habitat variables on fish shape. The trend between geographical and morphological distances was likewise not significant. Therefore, a mechanistic understanding of the factors causing shape variation amongP. obscurapopulations in West Africa could not yet be achieved.
Speed of Sound in Gaseous 1,1-Difluoroethene (R1132a) at Temperatures Between 193 K and 383 K at Pressures up to 3 MPa
Authors: Demirdesen Defne , Wedler Carsten , Low Robert E. , Trusler J. P. Martin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe speed of sound in gaseous 1,1-difluoroethene (refrigerant R1132a) was measured at temperatures between 193 K and 383 K at pressures up to the lesser of approximately 85 % of the vapour pressure and 3 MPa. The measurements were carried out using a bespoke cylindrical acoustic resonator. The acoustic path length of the resonator was calibrated as a function of temperature by measuring resonance frequencies of the cavity filled with nitrogen gas. The measurements on nitrogen also served to validate the measurement system. The expanded relative uncertainty of the speed of sound in 1,1-difluoroethene at 95% probability was estimated to be 0.021 %. Comparing the results with a preliminary equation of state for 1,1-difluoroethene shows deviations within ± 0.3 %.
Group-Covariant Stochastic Products and Phase-Space Convolution Algebras
Authors: Aniello Paolo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA quantum stochastic product is defined as a binary operation on the convex set of quantum states that preserves the convex structure. We discuss a class of group-covariant, associative stochastic products, the twirled products, having remarkable connections with quantum measurement theory and with the theory of open quantum systems. By extending this binary operation from the density operators to the full Banach space of trace class operators, one obtains a Banach algebra. In the case where the covariance group is the group of phase-space translations, one has a quantum convolution algebra. The expression of the quantum convolution in terms of Wigner distributions and of the associated characteristic functions is analyzed.
Leveraging Digital Technologies in Logistics 4.0: Insights on Affordances from Intralogistics Processes
Authors: Albrecht Tobias , Baier Marie-Sophie , Gimpel Henner , Meierhöfer Simon , Röglinger Maximilian , Schlüchtermann Jörg , Will Lisanne 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEmerging digital technologies are transforming logistics processes on a large scale. Despite a growing body of knowledge on individual use cases ranging from collaborative robots to platform-based planning systems in the frontline industrial development of Logistics 4.0, organizations lack a systematic understanding of the opportunities digital technologies afford for logistics processes. To foster such understanding, this study takes an intra-organizational perspective as a central starting point for digitalization initiatives toward Logistics 4.0. It synthesizes current academic research and industrial insights from a systematic literature review and an expert interview study through an affordance lens. The result is a catalog and conceptual framework of ten digital technology affordances in intralogistics (DTAILs) and 46 practical manifestations. Thereby, this study contributes to understanding and leveraging the opportunities digital technologies afford in a leading-edge information systems application domain. It serves as a foundation for further theorizing on Logistics 4.0 and for structuring strategic discussions among organizational stakeholders.
TargIDe: a machine-learning workflow for target identification of molecules with antibiofilm activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Carneiro João , Magalhães Rita P. , de la Oliva Roque Victor M. , Simões Manuel , Pratas Diogo , Sousa Sérgio F. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBacterial biofilms are a source of infectious human diseases and are heavily linked to antibiotic resistance. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a multidrug-resistant bacterium widely present and implicated in several hospital-acquired infections. Over the last years, the development of new drugs able to inhibit Pseudomonas aeruginosa by interfering with its ability to form biofilms has become a promising strategy in drug discovery. Identifying molecules able to interfere with biofilm formation is difficult, but further developing these molecules by rationally improving their activity is particularly challenging, as it requires knowledge of the specific protein target that is inhibited. This work describes the development of a machine learning multitechnique consensus workflow to predict the protein targets of molecules with confirmed inhibitory activity against biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It uses a specialized database containing all the known targets implicated in biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The experimentally confirmed inhibitors available on ChEMBL, together with chemical descriptors, were used as the input features for a combination of nine different classification models, yielding a consensus method to predict the most likely target of a ligand. The implemented algorithm is freely available at https://github.com/BioSIM-Research-Group/TargIDe under licence GNU General Public Licence (GPL) version 3 and can easily be improved as more data become available.
Migrant Status and the Wellbeing Gap: The Case of an Ethnically Diverse, High-Conflict Area in Indonesia
Authors: Sollis Kate , Resosudarmo Budy P. , Witoelar Firman , Riswandi Riswandi , Mollet Julius A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCommunities with high levels of in-migration can experience substantial social, cultural, and economic change due to the upheaval in social dynamics and changes to the economy. Such upheaval can result in between-group inequalities amongst the native and migrant populations, with migrants tending to have lower levels of wellbeing compared to those who were born in the area. Through utilising a culturally adapted wellbeing measurement tool, the Indonesian Wellbeing Scale, this study examines the native-immigrant wellbeing gap in Papua, Indonesia. Papua has historically experienced high levels of conflict, and is highly ethnically diverse, making it a unique context to examine the native-immigrant wellbeing gap. Drawing on data collected in 2020, the results indicate that the immigrant population has significantly higher levels of wellbeing when controlling for a number of socio-demographic characteristics. This finding is driven by all wellbeing dimensions within the Indonesian Wellbeing Scale: spirituality, social relations, material needs, and self-acceptance. Possible explanations for this include the happy migrant hypothesis, levels of wellbeing pre-migration, and impacts of the migration process. These findings have important implications for migration within both Indonesia, and in similar contexts throughout the world, highlighting that care must be taken when implementing migration policies to ensure that receiving communities are not negatively affected. Furthermore, the study emphasises the value in using a multidimensional, culturally adapted wellbeing measurement tool that was developed in consultation with individuals in the community to ensure we are more closely measuring what matters to people.
The Serotonergic System and Bone Metabolism During Pregnancy and Lactation and the Implications of SSRI Use on the Maternal-Offspring Dyad
Authors: Fricke Hannah P , Hernandez Laura L 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLactation is a physiological adaptation of the class Mammalia and is a product of over 200 million years of evolution. During lactation, the mammary gland orchestrates bone metabolism via serotonin signaling in order to provide sufficient calcium for the offspring in milk. The role of serotonin in bone remodeling was first discovered over two decades ago, and the interplay between serotonin, lactation, and bone metabolism has been explored in the years following. It is estimated that postpartum depression affects 10–15% of the population, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are often used as the first-line treatment. Studies conducted in humans, nonhuman primates, sheep, and rodents have provided evidence that there are consequences on both parent and offspring when serotonin signaling is disrupted during the peripartal period; however, the long-term consequences of disruption of serotonin signaling via SSRIs during the peripartal period on the maternal and offspring skeleton are not fully known. This review will focus on the relationship between the mammary gland, serotonin, and bone remodeling during the peripartal period and the skeletal consequences of the dysregulation of the serotonergic system in both human and animal studies.
Fabrication of a porous SiO2 thin film with an ultralow refractive index for anti-reflective coatings
Authors: Suzuki Ryoko 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAnti-reflective (AR) coatings are used in various optical products, such as lenses, filters, and transparent conductive films. High-performance multilayer AR coatings can be achieved by reducing the refractive index of the top layer. Preventing light scattering by forming finely structured film is also important for a high-performance antireflection film. In this study, porous SiO2 thin films with ultralow refractive indices were prepared using a simple sol–gel method. A high-quality porous SiO2 thin film with an ultralow refractive index of 1.17 bearing a fine porous structure was fabricated by carefully selecting the solvent and base species. Observation and simulation of the film structure revealed the factors responsible for the low scattering of light and the ultralow refractive index exhibited by the film. Hydrophobic treatment of the film was conducted to reduce the fluctuation of optical performance caused by changes in the refractive index owing to the water adsorbed. Therefore, porous SiO2 thin films can be used in the lenses and filters of various optical instruments.
Graphical abstract
Contextualizing vulnerability of ecological systems to landscape alteration
Authors: Gholamialam Ashkan , Matisziw Timothy C. , Trauth Kathleen M. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Context
A variety of processes, such as urbanization and development projects, can degrade connectivity in habitat systems, presenting significant threats to species persistence. Effective mitigation of such threats depends in part on knowledge about where and when landscape changes may occur as well as how species may respond to changes in the landscape.

Objectives
A spatial decision support framework for informing planning efforts involving alterations to the landscape that may impact prospects for species’ inter-habitat connectivity is proposed.

Methods
As a variety of movement objectives are thought to influence species’ perception of habitat connectivity, efficient paths supporting movement among habitats in a planning period are identified by way of a multiobjective least-cost path model. This set of paths represent the best options for inter-habitat connectivity in a particular planning period. Provided this representation of inter-habitat connectivity, the worst-case scenario of landscape alteration on inter-habitat connectivity is then identified. This multi-level optimization process is repeated over a set of planning periods until inter-habitat connectivity has been completely eliminated.

Results
The results indicate that representing habitat connectivity with a limited set of paths reflecting a single objective for species movement could result in an overestimate of a habitat system’s resilience to landscape change over time. Representations of connectivity involving a more diverse set of paths reflecting tradeoffs among a set of objectives offer more robust representation of complex biological movements.

Conclusions
The application results indicate that landscape alterations occurring more proximate to habitat patches have the highest negative impact to connectivity. In addition, whereas alterations to the landscape may have no or little impact on inter-habitat connectivity in one planning period, when coupled with future alterations they can result in significant barriers to connectivity.