bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Women’s Satisfaction with Comprehensive Abortion Care and Associated Factors in Public Health Facilities of Mojo Town, East Ethiopia
Authors: Oda Tola , Sento Midekso , Negera Atoma 
Published: May 2023

Background: Client satisfaction is an important and commonly used indicator for measuring the quality of health care as it affects clinical outcomes, patient retention, and medical malpractice claims. To limit unintended pregnancies and avoid repeated abortions promoting comprehensive abortion care services is crucial. In Ethiopia problems related to abortion were neglected and access to quality abortion care was very limited. Similarly, information related to comprehensive abortion service, particularly clients’ satisfaction, and associated factors are limited in the study area that the study will be going to fill. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study design was employed on 255 women who come for abortion service in public health facilities of Mojo town were included consecutively. The data was coded and entered into Epi info version 7 software and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression models were applied to identify the associated factors. Model fitness and multicollinearity were checked by using the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test and the Variance Inflation Factor (VIF). Adjusted Odds Ratios and their 95% Confidence were reported. Results: A total of 255 study subjects were included in this study with a 100% response rate. The study depicted that 56.5% (95% CI: 51.3, 61.7) of the clients were satisfied with comprehensive abortion care. Having college and above educational level (AOR: 0.27; 95% CI: (0.14, 0.95)), Employee occupation (AOR: 1.86; 95% CI: (1.41, 2.93)), medical abortion as a type of uterine evacuation (AOR: 3.93; 95% CI: (1.75, 8.83)) and natural method of family planning users (AOR: 0.36; 95% CI: (0.08, 0.60)) were factors associated with women’s satisfaction. Conclusion: The overall satisfaction toward comprehensive abortion care was considerably lower. Waiting time, cleanness of rooms, lack of laboratory service, and availability of service providers are mentioned factors for client dissatisfaction.
Response format changes the reading the mind in the eyes test performance of autistic and non-autistic adults
Authors: Lim Alliyza , Brewer Neil , Aistrope Denise , Young Robyn L 
Published: May 2023

The Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET) is a purported theory of mind measure and one that reliably differentiates autistic and non-autistic individuals. However, concerns have been raised about the validity of the measure, with some researchers suggesting that the multiple-choice format of the RMET makes it susceptible to the undue influence of compensatory strategies and verbal ability. We compared the performance of autistic ( N = 70) and non-autistic ( N = 71) adults on the 10-item multiple-choice RMET to that of a free-report version of the RMET. Both the autistic and non-autistic groups performed much better on the multiple-choice than the free-report RMET, suggesting that the multiple-choice format enables the use of additional strategies. Although verbal IQ was correlated with both multiple-choice and free-report RMET performance, controlling for verbal IQ did not undermine the ability of either version to discriminate autistic and non-autistic participants. Both RMET formats also demonstrated convergent validity with a well-validated adult measure of theory of mind. The multiple-choice RMET is, however, much simpler to administer and score. Lay abstract Recognizing and understanding the perspectives of others—also called theory of mind—is important for effective communication. Studies have found that some autistic individuals have greater difficulty with theory of mind compared to non-autistic individuals. One purported theory of mind measure is the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET). This test presents participants with photographs of pairs of eyes and asks them to identify the emotion displayed by each pair of eyes from four choices. Some researchers have argued that the multiple-choice format of the RMET may not be an accurate measure of theory of mind, as participants could simply be guessing or using a process of elimination to select the correct answer. Participants may also be disadvantaged if they are not familiar with the specific emotion words used in the multiple-choice answers. We examined whether a free-report (open-ended) format RMET would be a more valid measure of theory of mind than the multiple-choice RMET. Autistic and non-autistic adults performed better on the multiple-choice RMET than the free-report RMET. However, both versions successfully differentiated autistic and non-autistic adults, irrespective of their level of verbal ability. Performance on both versions was also correlated with another well-validated adult measure of theory of mind. Thus, the RMET’s multiple-choice format does not, of itself, appear to underpin its ability to differentiate autistic and non-autistic adults.
Trends in adolescent mental health problems 2004–2020: Do sex and socioeconomic status play any role?
Authors: Buli Benti Geleta , Larm Peter , Nilsson Kent , Giannotta Fabrizia 
Published: May 2023

Aims: This study aims to investigate trends in four types of adolescent mental health problems; that is, psychosomatic symptoms, depressive symptoms, suicidal ideations, and suicide attempts 2004–2020. A second aim is to investigate the moderating roles of socioeconomic status and sex in these trends. Methods: The analysis is based on repeated cross-sectional data 2004–2020 among grade 9 students in secondary schools in a Swedish county. In total, data from 19,873 students were included in the analysis. We fitted linear and logistic regression equations and used survey-years’ coefficients to estimate the trends. We also estimated the moderating effects of socioeconomic status and sex using interactions between survey year and socioeconomic status and sex, respectively. Results: The trends in all mental health problems declined over time. Through its interaction with survey year, socioeconomic status moderated the trends; psychosomatic symptoms (B = −0.115, P<0.001), depressive symptoms (B = −0.084, P<0.001) and suicidal ideations (odds ratio 0.953, confidence interval 0.924–0.983) significantly declined over time among those with high socioeconomic status. However, socioeconomic status did not have an association with the trend in suicide attempts. Interaction between sex and year of survey was associated with significant decreasing trends in depressive symptoms and suicidal ideations only among girls. Conclusions: Adolescent mental health problems have decreased over time, but only for adolescents with high socioeconomic status, or only in depressive symptoms and suicidal ideations for girls. The results shed light on the growing inequalities in health outcomes across levels of socioeconomic status.
Management of traumatic fracture–dislocation of the shoulder in children: A systematic review of published case reports
Authors: Ikram Mohammad Arshad , Burud Ismail , Akbar Zainab , Fadhlina Binti Hisham Sharifah 
Published: May 2023

Purpose Proximal humerus fracture occurring simultaneously with shoulder dislocation in children is extremely rare, with only a few reports of such cases having been reported. A systematic review of case reports was conducted to document outcomes after different treatment methods. Methods A systematic search of literature from 1980 to 2021 was performed from the PubMed/Medline, ScienceDirect, and SCOPUS databases. All case reports on traumatic fracture dislocation of the shoulder in children were included. Results A total of 18 studies were included with a mean follow-up of 1.5 years. There were 7 boys and 11 girls with an age range from 11 months to 16 years with a median of 6 years. These cases were grouped into two, based on the involvement of the epiphysis with fracture–dislocations. In group A, there were 11 cases (61%) of shoulder dislocation involving the epiphysis. While in group B, there were seven (38%) cases with fracture metaphysis but not involving the epiphysis. Both groups were treated by closed or open reduction with or without internal fixation. All fractures healed in a mean of 7 weeks while the full function was achieved in an average of 21.58 weeks. Conclusion This systemic review supports the treatment of patients in group A by open reduction with K-wire fixation. While in group B, closed reduction with intramedullary fixation is a better option as it provides satisfactory clinical and radiological results in a short time.
Effect of maxillary anterior supernumerary tooth extraction on the underlying malocclusion
Authors: Cholakova Radka , Georgiev Konstantin 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Orthodontic discrepancies are a common finding in patients with supernumerary teeth (ST). The presence of a ST can cause a number of orthodontic discrepancies, including delayed eruption or retention of adjacent teeth, crowding, spacing, and abnormal root formation. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of extraction of an anterior supernumerary tooth on the underlying orthodontic discrepancies without additional treatment for a 6-month period. Methods: This was a prospective, longitudinal, observational, study. It included 40 participants with orthodontic malocclusions due to maxillary anterior supernumeraries. We examined the changes in the crowding and excessive space in the anterior and posterior segments on cast models. Results: In the group that presented with crowding, a statistically significant decrease of 0.95 ± 0.17 mm ( P < 0.001) was found between T0 and T1. Of the participants, three exhibited full self-correction. The excessive space at T0 (3.06 mm) decreased by 1.78 ± 0.19 mm to T1 (1.28 mm) in the anterior segment. Seven participants showed full self-correction of the diastemas after the 6-month observation period. Conclusion: The results imply that orthodontic treatment can be postponed for at least 6 months after the extraction of the supernumerary tooth as potential self-correction can be expected. This natural alleviation of the malocclusions may make the orthodontic treatment simpler, shorten the treatment time and decrease overall appliance wear time.
A single-centre protocol using low-dose urokinase for catheter-directed thrombolysis in the treatment of acute lower limb ischaemia
Authors: Shi Tao , Zhang Yongbao , Shen Chenyang , Fang Jie 
Published: May 2023

Objectives Catheter-directed thrombolysis is one of the main treatments for acute limb ischaemia. Urokinase is still a widely used thrombolytic drug in some regions. However, there needs to be a clear consensus on the protocol of continuous catheter-directed thrombolysis using urokinase for acute lower limb ischaemia. Methods A single-centre protocol of continuous catheter-directed thrombolysis with low-dose urokinase (20,000 IU/hour) lasting 48–72 h for acute lower limb ischaemia was proposed based on our previous experiences. A retrospective study from June 2016 to December 2020 was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this protocol. The target lesion revascularisation, amputation and death were also monitored during follow-up. The Kaplan–Meier estimator was used for the subgroup analysis, and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis was applied to identify risk factors for reinterventions and death. Results 90 lower limbs were involved, including 51 Rutherford Grade I, 35 Grade IIa and four Grade IIb. During a 60.8-h thrombolysis, 86 cases (95.5%) were considered effective according to the angiogram. No major bleeding complication occurred during thrombolysis, and one amputation occurred after. Freedom from target lesion revascularisation, amputation and death were 75.6%, 94.4% and 91.1% during a mean 27.5-month follow-up, respectively. According to the Kaplan–Meier estimator, aortoiliac lesions had lower reintervention rates than femoropopliteal lesions (Log-rank p = 0.010), and cases without narrowing atheromatous plaque had a lower reintervention rate (Log-rank p = 0.049). Age was an independent risk factor for death ( p = 0.038, hazard ratio 1.076, 95% confidence interval 1.004–1.153). Conclusions The single-centre protocol of catheter-directed thrombolysis we proposed for acute lower limb ischaemia was effective and safe. Strict blood pressure control during catheter-directed thrombolysis ensured safety. Aortoiliac lesions and cases without narrowing atheromatous plaque had lower reintervention rates during follow-up.
Rebound Hypoglycemia and Hyperglycemia in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Hansen Klavs W. , Bibby Bo M. 
Published: May 2023

Aims: The aim was to investigate rebound hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic events, and describe their relation to other glycemic metrics. Methods: Data from intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring were downloaded for 90 days for 159 persons with type 1 diabetes. A hypoglycemic event was defined as glucose <3.9 mmol/l for at least two 15-minute periods. Rebound hypoglycemia (Rhypo) was a hypoglycemic event preceded by glucose >10.0 mmol/l within 120 minutes and rebound hyperglycemia (Rhyper) was hypoglycemia followed by glucose >10.0 mmol/l within 120 minutes. Results: A total of 10 977 hypoglycemic events were identified of which 3232 (29%) were Rhypo and 3653 (33%) were Rhyper, corresponding to a median frequency of 10.1, 2.5, and 3.0 events per person/14 days. For 1267 (12%) of the cases, Rhypo and Rhyper coexisted. The mean peak glucose was 13.0 ± 1.6 mmol/l before Rhypo; 12.8 ± 1.1 mmol/l in Rhyper. The frequency of Rhyper was significantly ( P < .001) correlated with Rhypo (Spearman’s rho 0.84), glucose coefficient of variation (0.78), and time below range (0.69) but not with time above range (0.12, P = .13). Conclusions: The strong correlation between Rhyper and Rhypo suggests an individual behavioral characteristic toward intensive correction of glucose excursions.
Effectiveness of Injury Prevention Programs With Core Muscle Strengthening Exercises to Reduce the Incidence of Hamstring Injury Among Soccer Players: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Al Attar Wesam Saleh A. , Husain Mohamed A. 
Published: May 2023

Context: Muscles in the hamstring group are frequently injured in sporting activities. Injury prevention programs (IPPs), including eccentric training of the hamstrings, have proven to be of great value in decreasing the injury rate of hamstring muscles. Objective: To examine the effectiveness of IPPs that include core muscle strengthening exercises (CMSEs) in reducing hamstring injury rates. Data Sources: This systematic review with meta-analysis was based upon the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A systematic search was conducted for relevant studies published from 1985 to 2021 using the following databases: Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, AMED, PubMed, Web of Science, and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro). Study Selection: The initial electronic search found 2694 randomized controlled trials (RCTs). After removing duplicate entries, 1374 articles were screened by their titles and abstracts, and 53 full-text records were assessed, of which 43 were excluded. The remaining 10 articles were reviewed in detail, from which 5 studies met our inclusion criteria and were included in the current meta-analysis. Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs. Level of Evidence: Level 1a. Data Extraction: Two researchers independently completed the abstract review and performed full-text reviews. A third reviewer was consulted to reach a consensus if any discrepancies were noted. Details were recorded about the participants, methodological aspects, eligibility criteria, intervention data, and outcome measures, including age; number of subjects in the intervention/control group; number of injuries in each group; and the duration, frequency, and intensity of the training conducted in the intervention. Results: The pooled results of 4728 players and 379,102 exposure hours showed 47% hamstring injury reduction per 1000 h of exposure in the intervention group compared with the control group with an injury risk ratio of 0.53 (95% CI [0.28, 0.98], P = 0.04). Conclusion: The results indicate that CMSEs incorporated with IPPs reduce susceptibility and risk of hamstring injuries in soccer players.
Adverse drug reactions and associated factors in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: A retrospective review of patient medical records at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, Uganda
Authors: Kushemererwa Oliver , Nuwagira Edwin , Kiptoo Joshua , Yadesa Tadele Mekuriya 
Published: May 2023

Objectives: The World Health Organization pragmatic guidelines recommend shorter duration drug regimens with newer, more efficacious agents for treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. However, adverse drug reactions associated with the use of newer, second-line agents may pose a major barrier to adequate management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. We therefore sought to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with adverse drug reactions among patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patient medical records at the tuberculosis treatment unit of Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, between January 2013 and December 2020. Medical records were included in the study, if the patients were aged ⩾18 years, tested sputum positive for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, with adequate pharmacovigilance data documented. We assessed all documented health-related patient complaints, deranged laboratory values, and clinician suspected adverse drug reactions for scientific/clinical plausibility. Adverse drug reactions were confirmed using published and manufacturer drug references materials. A multidisciplinary clinician team was involved to decide whether to exclude or include a suspected adverse drug reaction. Results: About 6 in 10 (67.4%; 120/178) patients experienced at least one adverse drug reactions during treatment, of which 18.3%, 14.6%, and 11.4% of adverse drug reactions affected the endocrine/metabolic, otic, and musculoskeletal body systems, respectively. Majority of the adverse drug reactions were probable and had a moderate severity. There was an upward trend in adverse drug reaction incidence between 2015 and 2019. Adverse drug reaction occurrence was associated with previous adverse drug reaction history (adjusted odds ratio = 2.85 (1.08, 7.53 at 95% confidence interval)); however, patients who were underweight (adjusted odds ratio = 0.34 (0.16, 0.69 at 95% confidence interval)) and those treated with bedaquiline-based drug regimens (adjusted odds ratio = 0.2 (0.07, 0.59 at 95% confidence interval)) were less likely to experience an adverse drug reaction. Conclusion: Majority of patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis experience at least adverse drug reaction during the course of treatment. The newer standard shorter duration drug regimens (9–12 months) may be associated with intolerable adverse drug reactions that hamper effective management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. There is need for more studies to assess the clinical adverse drug reaction burden associated with the implementation of shorter duration regimens.
A cross-sectional survey of English NHS Trusts on their uptake and provision of active bystander training including to address sexual harassment
Authors: Robertson Ava , Steele Sarah 
Published: May 2023

Objective Reports identify that sexual harassment is troublingly pervasive in the NHS. Active bystander training (ABT) has been promoted to address sexual harassment, alongside other forms of poor behaviour, discrimination, and harassment. We explore ABT across all English NHS Trusts and determine whether the programmes address sexual misconduct in the training content. Design Freedom of Information requests asking whether Trusts offer ABT, and if so, about the programme content and delivery, and to NHS England on centrally commissioned ABT. Setting 213 NHS Trusts in England, and NHS England. Participants Not applicable. Main Outcome Measure Provision of ABT, and presence of sexual harassment content in the training. Results 199 Trusts responded by August 2022. Of these, 35 Trusts provide ABT, the majority of which deliver content that is not specific to sexual misconduct, are in London, outsource training using private providers, and only provide workshops on an opt-in basis. One Trust offers a standalone ABT module on sexual harassment. Private providers prohibit Trusts from sharing training material, inhibiting content analysis and evaluation. Among the 163 Trusts without ABT programmes, only 23 (13%) have plans to implement training. Conclusions ABT is underutilised in the NHS, despite being identified as an effective intervention in other settings like the military, higher education, and government workplaces. Studies should explore whether wider NHS adoption is warranted. Robust monitoring and evaluation processes are critical to strengthening the available literature regarding the effectiveness of ABT in the healthcare context and engaging in global knowledge sharing across health systems.
The usability testing of the integrated electronic healthcare services for diabetes mellitus patients during the pandemic in Indonesia
Authors: Fitria Najmiatul , Idrus Lusiana , Putri Ayuthya Rizky , Sari Yelly Oktavia 
Published: May 2023

Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a degenerative disease that obliges patients to take continuous healthcare services. During a pandemic situation, all access to healthcare facilities becomes limited. A web-based integrated electronic-healthcare system (IeHS) study was used to overcome this problem. This study aimed to describe patients’ ability to access and understand this web-based application. Method An observational study using a web-based IeHS took place in Muara Tebo, Indonesia, in 2021. A total of 82 outpatients with diabetes mellitus participated in this study. These patients belonged to local community-based diabetes mellitus. Only adult patients accustomed to using smartphones were invited to participate in this study. All participants were taught to access the web-based application through video recordings. They were asked to fill out the form regarding their understanding of the web-based integrated e-healthcare application. This form was sent online. Results From the calculation of the usability scale, the results show that patients have not been able to take advantage of this application in life (the system usability scale (SUS) score 63.38). There is no significant difference between patients’ characteristics and the SUS score. Conclusion Participants’ condition in this study reflects the general state of outpatients. The ability of these participants to access an internet-based application was related to their education level. This condition becomes a challenge for policymakers to improve local human resources to increase their health literacy.