bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A retrospective clinical study of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Li Yinghui , Wang Shaojia , Yang Linlin , Yin Chunmei , Yang Hongying 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the clinical efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and the prognostic factors for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).MethodsWe enrolled 241 patients with stage III and IV EOC who were diagnosed at the Yunnan Cancer Hospital between October 2006 and December 2015. The observation (NACT-IDS) group (n= 119) received 1-3 courses of platinum-based NACT, followed by interval debulking surgery (IDS) and 6-8 courses of postoperative chemotherapy. The control group underwent primary debulking surgery (PDS) (n= 122) followed by 6-8 courses of postoperative chemotherapy. We analyzed the general conditions of the operations and the survival of both groups.ResultsOperating time, intraoperative blood loss and postoperative hospitalization were significantly lower in the NACT-IDS group (P< 0.05). The rate of optimal cytoreductive surgery was significantly higher in the NACT-IDS group (P< 0.05). A visible residual lesion was observed in 49 (41.18%) and 48 (40%) cases in the NACT-IDS and PDS groups, respectively, which were not significantly different (P> 0.05). The percentage of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IV tumors and the recurrence rates were significantly higher in the NACT-IDS group (P< 0.05). The mortality rates were 45.19% (47/104) and 35.19% (38/108) in the NACT-IDS and PDS groups, respectively (P> 0.05). Progression-free survival was 23.75 ± 9.98 and 23.57 ± 12.25 months in the NACT-IDS and PDS groups, respectively (P> 0.05). Overall survival (OS) was 31.11 ± 15.66 and 29.63 ± 18.00 months in the NACT-IDS and PDS groups, respectively (P> 0.05). Optimal cytoreductive surgery with or without residual lesion was an independent influencing factor for advanced EOC in multivariate analysis. OS of patients treated with ≥8 courses of chemotherapy was significantly longer than those treated with < 8 courses.ConclusionNACT could improve the intra- and postoperative conditions in advanced EOC patients. Although the percentage of FIGO stage IV cancer was significantly higher in the NACT-IDS group, the prognosis was similar in both the NACT-IDS and PDS groups, suggesting that NACT improves the clinical outcome of advanced EOC. Optimal cytoreductive surgery with no residual lesion is a long-term protective factor in advanced EOC. At least 8 courses of chemotherapy overall or ≥ 6 courses postoperatively improves the OS.
Gastric adenocarcinoma with hepatoid adenocarcinoma: A case report and literature review
Authors: Han Yao , Zhen Lin , Liu Baiying , Zhan Xiaozhen , Li Wenbin , Zhang Taotao , Zhang Xiangwen , Zu Guo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveHepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach is exceedingly rare. Only a few cases have been reported worldwide. In this report, we describe our pathological findings along with a review of the literature to improve our understanding of the disease and prevent misdiagnosis, as well as to provide evidence for its treatment and prognosis.MethodsA 68-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital (Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China) complaining of upper abdominal pain. Physical examination and regular laboratory blood tests showed no obvious abnormalities. A contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan displayed a 3.0 cm × 3.0 cm mass in the gastric antrum, but no metastasis was found in the adjacent organs.ResultsA radical gastrectomy was performed and postoperative histopathology showed a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma with partial hepatoid adenocarcinoma.ConclusionHepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach is a rare malignant neoplasm. The diagnostic criteria for hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach depends mainly on the clinical, radiographic, and histopathological findings. Pathomorphology and immunohistochemical staining can be utilized to confirm the diagnosis.
Expression and clinical significance of MCM5 and P16 in hyperplastic disease of the cervix
Authors: Chen Wei , Tu Liang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the study was to study the expression and clinical significance of MCM5 and P16 in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer.MethodsThe immunohistochemistry S-P method was used to detect the expression of MCM5 and P16 in 100 cases of cervical CIN and cancer.ResultsThe positive expression rates of MCM5 and P16 in normal cervical epithelium, CIN I, CIN II, CIN III, and cervical invasive cancer were 6.7%, 35.0%, 40.0%, 70.0%, and 97.5%, and 6.7%, 30.0%, 45.0%, 75.0%, and 100%, respectively. The positive expression rates of MCM5 and P16 significantly differed between CIN and infiltrating carcinoma (P< 0.05). The expression levels of MCM5 and P16 positively correlated in cervical cancer (P< 0.01). The positive expression of MCM5 and P16 closely correlated with the clinical stage and pathological grade of cervical cancer (P< 0.05).ConclusionMCM5 and P16 might be used as markers for aggressive biological behavior in cervical cancer and might be useful for distinguishing CIN and cervical cancer.
Targeted therapy of gastric cancer: current and prospective strategies*
Authors: Huang Tingting , Qiu Hong , Yuan Xianglin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Surgery is currently the only curative treatment strategy. Chemotherapy has shown limited efficacy in advanced gastric cancer patients with a median overall survival of less than one year. Thus, new treatments are urgently needed. Trastuzumab and Ramucirumab are the only targeted therapies approved currently. Most Phase III clinical trials evaluating targeted drugs in gastric cancer have failed. This review will evaluate relevant clinical trials with targeted therapies performed in gastric cancer patients, discuss the possible reasons for the failure, and indicate new possibilities to enhance gastric cancer treatment.
Small cell carcinoma of the gastric remnant: a case report
Authors: Zhan Xiaozhen , Liu Baiying , Li Wenbin , Zhang Taotao , Zhang Xiangwen , Zu Guo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
Small cell carcinoma (SCC) is mostly found in the lungs. It is extremely rare in the gastric remnant. Here, we report a case and review the literature in order to improve the diagnosis and treatment of SCC of the gastric remnant.

Methods
We report a case of SCC of the gastric remnant in a 71-year-old male Chinese patient who presented with epigastric pain, acid regurgitation, and belching and who underwent Billroth II gastrectomy more than 38 years ago.

Results
Physical examination showed no obvious abnormalities. Laboratory data were within normal limits, except for anemia. Pathology of the mass showed a protruded tumor measuring 5.0 × 5.0 × 2.5 cm at the anastomotic edge of the gastric remnant that infiltrated through the full wall of the stomach; this was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining for cytokeratin [CK (-)], leukocyte common antigen (LCA) (+), synaptophysin (+), CD56 (+), and Ki-67 (+ > 50%).

Conclusion
SCC of the gastric remnant is extremely rare, although the pathology, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of SCC are similar to those of gastric SCC. Although the standard treatment of SCC of the gastric remnant remains unclear, effective surgical resection and subsequent multiagent chemotherapy should be performed for long-term survival. Our case shows the efficacy of tegafurgimeracil-oteracil-potassium capsule chemotherapy. Examination of a large series is required to determine the optimal treatment strategy for SCC of the gastric remnant.
Recurrent ascites due to spontaneous intraperitoneal bladder rupture after pelvic radiation therapy for cervical cancer
Authors: Shen Qian , Yin Yuping , Zhang Lihong , Liu Dongbo , Yu Shiying , Xiong Huihua , Yuan Xianglin , Jiang Yongsheng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Radiation cystitis is one of the major complications following radiotherapy for cervical cancer. However, spontaneous intraperitoneal bladder rupture as a result of radiation cystitis following radiotherapy for cervical cancer is extremely rare. Case presentation: We report a 52-year-old patient who received radiation therapy for cervical cancer 15 years prior to presentation. Eight years prior to presentation, she developed recurrent abdominal distension, oliguria, and ascites. Following ascites drainage and supportive treatment, all symptoms were relieved. However, all symptoms subsequently recurred every few months. The patient underwent exploratory laparotomy twice. The first exploratory laparotomy in July 2015 found no specific abnormalities. The second exploratory laparotomy in November 2016 found an intraperitoneal bladder rupture, and the patient underwent surgical repair. The ascites subsequently resolved. Conclusion: The occurrence of spontaneous intraperitoneal bladder rupture after radiation therapy for cervical cancer is rare. The prognosis is good when diagnosis and treatment are prompt.
Comparison of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for the detection of mandibular condylar osteochondroma*
Authors: Shen Molun , Zhu Ling , Yu Hongbo , Zhang Lei , Wang Xudong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this study was to compare computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the detection of mandibular condylar osteochondroma.

Methods
Preoperative CT and MRI of 33 patients with unilateral condylar osteochondroma were reviewed. The morphology, location, continuity with the parent bone, cartilage cap, perichondrium of tumors, and changes in soft and hard tissues adjacent to the lesions were investigated by two reviewers. Data were analyzed using McNemar test. A P value < 0.05 was considered significant.

Results
Among the 33 condylar osteochondromas, 11 were of the diffuse type, 10 were of the sessile type, and 12 were of the pedunculated type. Continuity with the cortex and marrow of the host condyle was observed on both CT and MRI. Both modalities had identical detection rates of surface reconstruction of the temporal bone joint, condylar dislocation, and pseudarthrosis formation. However, MRI showed significantly higher detection rates of the cartilage cap and perichondrium than CT (P < 0.05). Furthermore, MRI showed ipsilateral and contralateral temporo-mandibular joint (TMJ) disc displacement in 4 cases and 6 cases, respectively, and ipsilateral and contralateral TMJ effusion in 20 cases and 14 cases, respectively.

Conclusion
CT can intuitively display the morphology and spatial location of condylar osteochondromas through three-dimensional reconstruction. MRI may be superior to CT in the detection of cartilage cap, perichondrium of the condylar osteochondroma, and changes in the TMJ and adjacent soft tissues.
Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with cancer cachexia
Authors: Zhou Ting , Yu Shiying 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Cachexia is a common complication with an incidence rate of 50%-80% in cancer patients. It is also responsible for 20% of mortality among these patients. Cachexia can significantly reduce the efficacy of antitumor therapies and increase treatment-related toxicity and adverse effects in cancer patients. This increases the symptom burden in patients, affects their quality of life, and ultimately shortens their survival time. The mechanism underlying the development of cachexia is complex and diverse and involves various factors and pathways, each playing an important role. Treatment approaches for cachexia are multimodal, including nutrition support therapy, appetite stimulants, and therapeutic drugs that specifically target the mechanism behind the disease. In recent years, we have gradually gained a better understanding of cachexia, and significant progress has been made in delineating molecular mechanisms, staging and diagnosis, and therapeutic drug treatment of cancer cachexia. This article reviews the research progress of cancer cachexia based on these contexts.
Treatment and survival status of patients with EGFR mutation-positive stage IV lung adenocarcinoma: five-year follow-up results in the Ordos Area of Inner Mongolia, China*
Authors: Jin Gaowa , Wang Wenjuan , Deng Shuqin , Jiang Caihong , Bai Xiaojun , Zhao Jun , Chen Feng , Hou Jixiang , Zhao Lanzhen , Li Hui , Lu Ziyu , Da Lenggaowa , Wu Yungaowa , Ma Xiaoyun , Wu Yahan , Gao Jiali , Li Quanfu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to determine the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status and treatment survival of patients with stage IV lung adenocarcinoma living in the Ordos area of Inner Mongolia, China.MethodsEGFRtesting and first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment rates of patients with stage IV lung adenocarcinoma were analyzed from June 2012 to June 2016. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were constructed to compare patients who received different treatment strategies and those harboring differentEGFRmutation statuses.ResultsEGFRtesting and mutation rates were 65.60% and 52.90%, respectively, and improved continuously from June 2012 to June 2016. Among patients withEGFRmutations, 38.9% hadEGFR19 del, 48.2% had L858R, 4.2% had co-existing mutations in exons 19 and 21, and 8.4% had uncommon mutations. The median overall survival (OS) was 29.5, 26.5, and 16.0 months for patients receiving both TKI and chemotherapy, TKI alone, and chemotherapy alone, respectively (P= 0.047). The OS was 26.5 and 30.0 months for patients harboringEGFR19 del and L858R mutations, respectively (P= 0.096).ConclusionThe high OS rates of stage IV lung adenocarcinoma patients living in the Ordos area may be attributed to continuous improvements inEGFRtesting and first-line TKI treatment rates. In the era of TKIs, chemotherapy for increasing OS times should be emphasized.
Biochemical overview of the recent findings on the correlation between viral hepatitis and its related hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Lou Shuchang , Sun Weili , Wu Yuan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
As one of the most common primary liver cancers, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) usually occurs in the presence of inflammation. Compared to other risk factors such as alcohol abuse, aflatoxin, and obesity, virus-induced hepatitis can be effectively prevented by vaccines. For the past several decades, HCC has been believed to be closely related to viral infections although no comprehensive mechanism was established regarding the contribution of viral hepatitis toward HCC. Recent studies have shown that viral infection plays multiple roles in the process of carcinogenesis by causing an increase in genomic instability, cancer-promoting genetic mutations, signal pathway interruption, and tumor suppressor gene inhibition. Sorafenib has become a novel option for HCC patients, especially those who are in advanced disease stage for which conventional treatment methods are not recommended. Future studies should focus more on novel targeted drugs which can be adopted as alternatives to sorafenib or as second-line drugs after the failure of sorafenib
Significant association between IL-18 and OCT4 gene polymorphisms in susceptibility and clinical characteristics of prostate cancer*
Authors: Nong Shaojun , Guan Yangbo , Wang Zhiwei , Wei Zhongqing , Zhang Yueping , Ni Jian , He Chongsheng , Ma Limin , Zhou Shujun , Li Wenguang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveRecent studies have shown abnormal expression of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) to be related to cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms by which the IL-18 and OCT4 gene polymorphisms are associated with prostate cancer remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to determine whether the presence of IL-18 and OCT4 polymorphisms were associated with size, grade, tumor, nodes and metastasis (TNM) stage, or survival in patients with prostate cancer.MethodsPolymorphisms in OCT4 and IL-18 genes were evaluated to determine susceptibility to prostate cancer in 120 patients. A control group consisted of 125 Chinese participants. Genotyping was performed using TaqMan allelic discrimination assays, and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS.ResultsNo association was found between OCT4 and IL-18 gene polymorphisms and prostate cancer susceptibility. For OCT4 AA and IL-18-607 CC genotypes, there was a significant association with higher tumor grade (P= 0.03 andP= 0.025) and stage (P= 0.04 andP= 0.001). The OCT4 and IL-18-137 GG genotype was correlated with higher tumor grade (P= 0.028) and stage (P= 0.008). Furthermore, OCT4 AA was significantly more frequent in patients with lymph node metastasis (P= 0.02) and distant metastasis (P= 0.01). The Cox proportional hazard model showed that tumor grade and stage grouping were independent prognostic factors but IL-18 and OCT4 polymorphisms were not.ConclusionThe OCT4 gene may have a profound effect on prostate cancer risk. Polymorphism variants in the IL-18 (IL-18-607 and IL-18-137) and OCT4 genes may be associated with poor prognoses for individuals with prostate cancer.
Cisplatin selects for CD133+ cells in lung cancer cells
Authors: Li Jiaheng , Jiang Mei , Zhao Xiaoting , Wang Ziyu , Gu Meng , Li Weiying 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivePlatinum-based chemotherapy is the first-line treatment for non-small cell lung cancer, but the chemoresistance of tumor cells continues to be a considerable challenge in the management of NSCLCs, leading to recurrence of most patients. CD133 (prominin-1) is a five-transmembrane glycoprotein, and recent evidence suggests that CD133+ cells are the cause of drug resistance and tumor recurrence. In this study, the correlation between cisplatin and CD133+ cells was investigated systematically.MethodsFour lung cancer cell lines, including A549, H460, 801D and H1299, were treated with different concentrations of cisplatin. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Sphere-forming assay was performed to detect the capability of sphere-forming. CD133+ cells was detected by BD FACScaliber flow cytometer.ResultsThe results showed that cisplatin could increase the number of CD133+ cells in both time- and dose-dependent manner. The enrichment would weaken but the proportion of CD133+ cells was still higher than the basic level as incubation time extended after cisplatin was withdrawn. Compared with adherent culture, the proportion of CD133+ cells was higher when the cells were maintained suspension culture. The proportion of CD133+ cells significantly increased when cisplatin was provided in suspension culture.ConclusionThese results revealed that cisplatin induces the enrichment of CD133+ cells and CD133 is a new therapeutic target. Our data partially explained drug resistance to second-line chemotherapy in cisplatin-treated patients with NSCLCs.
Efficacy and safety of anlotinib plus S-1 as thirdly-line or later-line treatment in advanced non-small cell lung cancer*
Authors: Cao Heng , Liang Kai , Liu Peng , Wang Jing , Ji Yuanyuan , Xu Lujuan , Wu Weilong , Guo Shengnan , Song Xuekun , Hong Yonggui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveAnlotinib, an oral vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) inhibitor, has confirmed antitumor activity in lung cancer in bothin vitroandin vivoassays, and has been recommended as third-line treatment agent in non-oncogene driven non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This prospective study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of anlotinib plus S-1 for third- or later-line treatment in patients with advanced NSCLC.MethodsPatients with histologically or cytologically confirmed NSCLC, and documented disease progression following second-line chemotherapy, and/or epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) treatment were enrolled in this study. The patients were treated anlotinib (8 mg daily d 1-14) and S-1 (60 mg/m2d 1-14) and the treatment was repeated every 3 weeks. Treatment was continued until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity occurred. The objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), and adverse events (AEs) were reviewed and evaluated.ResultsForty-one patients were enrolled in the study between June 2018 and December 2018. The total ORR and DCR were 26.8% and 80.5%, respectively. The median PFS was 5.2 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 3.9 to 6.6 months]. In the univariate analysis, there was a significant difference in the median PFS between patients with brain metastases and those without brain metastases (4.8 months vs 5.9 months, respectively;P= 0.039). The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (P= 0.002), lines of therapy (P= 0.015), and therapeutic evaluation (P= 0.014) were independent factors that influenced PFS. The most common AEs were hypertension, proteinuria, myelosuppression, gastrointestinal reactions, fatigue, and mucositis.ConclusionAnlotinib plus S-1 is an effective and safe regimen for advanced NSCLC as third- or later-line therapy.
The application of 3D printing in the development of RECIST standard for evaluating tumor efficacy*
Authors: Yang Xiaodan , Han Tao , Zhang Yue , Zhang Yanming , Li Gao , Liu Yongye , Liu Zhaozhe , Zheng Zhendong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, as a novel technical method, can convert conventional computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans to computer-aided design files and develop a 2D spatial structure into a 3D imaging structure. In recent years, the technology has been widely used in numerous areas, including head and neck surgery, orthopedics, and bio-medicinal research. This article uses examples of 3D printed tumor models to develop Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) standards to evaluate the changes in tumors. RECIST standard is currently recognized as the standard for assessment of chemotherapy. Under the RECIST standard, changes occurring in tumors before and after the surgery, are evaluated. The assessment depends upon a CT evaluation of the changes in the lesions with the largest diameters. In addition, the disease progression and stability of remission is also assessed. Three-dimensional printing technology is more intuitive in the evaluation of changes to human tumors following chemotherapy and targeted therapy. However, a few reports are available.
Adrenal endothelial cyst associated with adrenocortical adenoma: a case report and literature review
Authors: Hong Yuxiang , Yang Qingtao , Zheng Junhong , Hou Gaoming 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We present a case of a middle-aged male Chinese patient who was asymptomatic with a large (6 × 7 cm) right adrenal mass was found in this patient upon routine health examination. He underwent laparoscopic right adrenalectomy after comprehensive evaluation, and the mass was finally diagnosed as right adrenal endothelial (vasculature) cyst associated with adrenocortical adenoma according to pathological and immunohistochemical studies. The puzzling image resemblance of a variation of adrenal cyst to carcinoma necessitated histological examination for confirmative diagnosis. The development of endothelial cyst is extremely rare, and its association with other adrenal neoplasms is even rarer. Herein, we report a new case of adrenal endothelial cyst associated with adrenocortical adenoma, which was almost indistinguishable from adrenocortical carcinoma, and hope that it would be helpful in the diagnosis of other similar cases.