bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Awake Aneurysm Clipping: Challenges Conquered
Authors: Kaur Kirandeep , Thappa Priya , Luthra Ankur , Chauhan Rajeev , Panda Nidhi , Sahoo Sushanta K. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMicrosurgical aneurysm clipping under general anesthesia is considered a definitive procedure for the obliteration of unruptured and ruptured aneurysms. Aneurysm clipping can present with postoperative neurological complications, which can be missed under general anesthesia even with intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring. Real-time monitoring with awake patients can help prevent and treat these complications very early. The anesthesiologist has a vital role in awake aneurysm surgery from providing adequate surgical conditions to patient satisfaction and managing intraoperative complications. We report the first-hand experience as a neuroanesthesiology team managing awake craniotomy and aneurysm clipping.
Clinicoradiological and Biochemical Predictors of Mortality in Hospitalized Patients of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Wankhade Bhagyashri B. , Kumar Ashok , Mudassir Sanaullah , Ranjan Abhay 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a cerebrovascular insult leading to bleeding within the brain parenchyma. It is associated with high rate of mortality and morbidity. The main objective of our study was to study in-hospital predictors of mortality in patients with spontaneous ICH managed medically.
Methods This was a single-center prospective study and patients of ICH meeting the inclusion criteria were recruited from March 2019 to December 2020. Demographic data were collected and brain imaging was done. Each patient was observed for outcome with either discharge or death.
Results Total 202 patients of ICH were included in the study. Mean age of the patients was 58.46 ± 11.6 years (26–95 years), which included 75.25% males. Most common location of ICH was gangliocapsular (42.08%) followed by thalamus (37.13%). Overall mortality was 35.60% (n = 72). On univariate analysis, predictors of mortality were higher age, low Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score, intraventricular extension, volume of hematoma, raised ICH score, leucocytosis, raised creatinine, hypernatremia, and ventilatory support. Need for ventilatory support, raised serum creatinine, and low GCS was found to be independent predictor of mortality on multivariate analysis.
Conclusion Our study showed that about one-third of ICH patient died during in-hospital management. Mechanical ventilation requirement, low GCS, and raised creatinine were found to be independent predictors of mortality in our study.
Role of Conventional Cytogenetics and FISH in the Laboratory Work Up of Plasma Cell Dyscrasias
Authors: Dhabe Aaishwarya , Das Samipa , Parihar Mayur 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPlasma cell dyscrasias are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms characterized by abnormal proliferation of plasma cells with or without over production of monoclonal immunoglobulins. Chromosomal abnormalities are acquired either early in the course of the disease or during disease progression. Plasma cell dyscrasias are categorized into multiple cytogenetic subtypes that form an integral component of risk-stratified treatment protocols. The primary genetic events are IgH gene translocations and non-random gains of chromosomes 3/5/7/9/11/15/19 and or 21. The secondary genetic events consist of chromosome 1 abnormalities (1p deletion and 1q gain or amplification), deletion 17p/TP53, deletion 13q, and MYC gene rearrangements. Plasma cells being at the end of differentiation spectrum of B cells, have low proliferative potential precluding the use of karyotyping in identification of chromosomal abnormalities. Analysis of enriched plasma cells using interphase fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) is the technique of choice for identifying these abnormalities. It is essential to enrich plasma cells before the FISH analysis, and numerous plasma cell enrichment techniques have been described. In the paper, we review the cytogenetic approach to identify clinically significant genetic aberrations including the effective use of FISH panels and plasma cell enrichment techniques.
Intraoperative Central Diabetes Insipidus during Aneurysmal Clipping Surgery: An Unusual Phenomenon
Authors: Kutum Chayanika , Khurana Priyanka , Singh Karandeep , Ganjoo Pragati , Singh Daljit 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCentral diabetes insipidus (DI) is a known complication associated with pituitary surgeries occurring in postoperative period. However, development of DI following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is rarely reported. We describe here a case of intraoperative DI in a patient undergoing aneurysmal clipping surgery that posed a challenge for both diagnosis and management. Intraoperative development of central DI was attributed to the evolving ischemic injury to the hypothalamus at the time of rebleeding that was not apparent in the preoperative scan. DI resolved postoperatively after 18 hours of medical management. A careful observation of preoperative scans and vigilant monitoring may help in early diagnosis and management of such complication in the perioperative period.
Neurological Considerations with COVID-19 Vaccinations
Authors: Boruah Abhilasha P. , Heydari Kimia , Wapniarski Anne E. , Caldwell Marissa , Thakur Kiran T. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe benefits of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination significantly outweigh its risks on a public health scale, and vaccination has been crucial in controlling the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Nonetheless, several reports of adverse events following vaccination have been published.To summarize reports to date and assess the extent and quality of evidence regarding possible serious adverse neurological events following COVID-19 vaccination, focusing on Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved vaccines in the United States (BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, and Ad26.COV2.S).A review of literature from five major electronic databases (PubMed, Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar) was conducted between December 1, 2020 and June 5, 2022. Articles included in the review were systematic reviews and meta-analysis, cohort studies, retrospective studies, case–control studies, case series, and reports. Editorials, letters, and animal studies were excluded, since these studies did not include quantitative data regarding adverse side effects of vaccination in human subjects.Of 149 total articles and 97 (65%) were case reports or case series. Three phase 3 trials initially conducted for BNT162b2, MRNA-1273, and Ad26.COV2.S were included in the analysis.The amount and quality of evidence for possible neurological adverse events in the context of FDA-approved COVID-19 vaccinations is overall low tier. The current body of evidence continues to suggest that COVID-19 vaccinations have a high neurological safety profile; however, the risks and benefits of vaccination must continue to be closely monitored.
Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy of India Consensus Guidelines on Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Biliary Drainage: Part II (Technical Aspects)
Authors: Samanta Jayanta , Udawat Priyanka , Chowdhary Sudipta Dhar , Gunjan Deepak , Rai Praveer , Bhatia Vikram , Singla Vikas , Mukewar Saurabh , Mehta Nilay , Achanta Chalapathi Rao , Dalal Ankit , Sahu Manoj Kumar , Balekuduru Avinash , Bale Abhijit , Basha Jahangir , Philip Mathew , Rana Surinder , Puri Rajesh , Lakhtakia Sundeep , Dhir Vinay ,   India EUS Club
Published: April 2023

AbstractEndoscopic management of bile duct obstruction is a key aspect in gastroenterology practice and has evolved since the first description of biliary cannulation by McCune et al in 1968. Over many decades, the techniques and accessories have been refined, and currently, the first-line management for extrahepatic biliary obstruction is endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). However, even in expert hands, the success rate of ERCP reaches up to 95%. In almost 4 to 16% cases, failure to cannulate the bile duct may necessitate other alternatives such as surgical bypass or, more commonly, percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD). While surgery is associated with high morbidity and mortality, PTBD has a very high reintervention and complication rate (∼80%) and poor quality of life. Almost parallelly, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has come a long way from a mere diagnostic tool to a substantial therapeutic option in various pancreaticobiliary diseases. Biliary drainage using EUS-guidance (EUS-BD) has gained momentum since the first report published by Giovannini et al in 2001. The concept of accessing the bile duct through a different route than the papilla, circumventing the shortcomings of PTBD, and sometimes bypassing the actual obstruction have enthused a lot of interest in this novel strategy. The three key methods of EUS-BD entail transluminal, antegrade, and rendezvous approach. Over the past decade, with growing experience, EUS-BD has been found to be equivalent to ERCP or PTBD for malignant obstruction with better success rates. EUS-BD, however, is not devoid of adverse events and can carry fatal adverse events. However, neither the technique of EUS-BD nor the accessories and stents for EUS-BD have been standardized. Additionally, different countries and regions have different availability of the accessories, making generalizability a difficult task. Thus, technical aspects of this evolving therapy need to be outlined. For these reasons, Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy of India (SGEI) deemed it appropriate to develop technical consensus statements for performing safe and successful EUS-BD.
The Effects of Dietary Nutrient Intake on Cervical Cancer: A Brief Review
Authors: Nath Suchismita , Nasrin Sultana S. , Samanta Amrita , Nuzhad Anzum , Ghosh Pritha , Manna Atanu , Pradhan Satyasundar , Maity Suresh , Pal Srikanta , Mohapatra P.K. Das , Jana Subhas Chandra 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCervical cancer (CC) results from a subsequent process, starting from the infection of normal cervical epithelium with oncogenic human papillomavirus and gradually progressing to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), before finally developing into invasive cervical cancer (ICC). Over recent decades, dietary micronutrients have gained much attention due to their pivotal role in cancer prevention. We reviewed several relevant literature studies to investigate the protective roles of dietary nutrient intake in CC. Dietary intake of vitamin C, green–yellow vegetables, and provitamin A carotenoids that are rich sources of antioxidants may widely inhibit the process of CC development, whereas vitamins A and D might be more helpful in preventing the early events in the disease development. Vitamin E, lycopene, and folate are more effective for the treatment of high-grade CIN. Fruits exert their protective effects in the late stages of the cancer process, thus playing a vital role in ICC prevention. Polyphenols, flavonoids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids are more often used in cases of CC in combination with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Thus, as a primary prevention strategy, the health benefits of various nutrients in CC must be clarified by vitro and in vivo approaches rather than epidemiological studies.
Treatment Outcome of Burkitt's Lymphoma in Adolescents and Adults: A Retrospective Study
Authors: MT Sugeeth , Narayanan Geetha , TM Anoop , Nair Sreejith G , NP Prakash , KM Jagathnath Krishna , Nair Rekha A 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Introduction Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) is a highly aggressive B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) having three distinct subtypes: endemic, sporadic, and immunodeficiency-associated BL. Sporadic BL accounts for only 1 to 2% of adult NHL.
Objectives The objective of this article was to study the clinical profile and treatment outcome of patients with BL.
Materials and Methods This was a retrospective study of 60 patients with BL conducted in the department of medical oncology at a tertiary cancer center in India during a 10-year period. Patients with BL/leukemia above 14 years of age diagnosed during the study period were included and their clinical presentation, treatment details, and outcome were studied.
Results Among 60 cases with BL, there were 41 males and 19 females. The median age at presentation was 42 years (range: 14–81 years). The main symptoms were lymphadenopathy, abdominal pain, and abdominal distension. Two patients each had paraparesis, breast lump, and jaw swelling and one patient had involvement of the cervix. Thirteen patients had features of tumor lysis at presentation. The Ann Arbor stage was I in 17, II in 16, III in 5, and IV in 22. Fifty-five patients received combination chemotherapy that included hyper-cyclophosphamide, vincristine, adriamycin, dexamethasone ± rituximab (hyper-CVAD ± R; 35), cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine, prednisolone/ cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisolone ± rituximab CHOP ± R (13), Berlin-Frankfurt-Munich protocol (4), and others (3). Thirty-four patients attained remission, 13 patients had progressive disease, and 8 patients died during chemotherapy. At a median follow-up of 113 months, 58% patients were alive.
Conclusions BL accounts for 1.57% of NHL above the age of 14 years with male preponderance. Intensive, short-duration chemotherapy is the standard treatment. Treatment with hyper-CVAD ± R gives 8-year progression-free survival and overall survival (OS) of 60%. Treatment with CHOP ± R is an alternative option in elderly frail patients with an 8-year OS of 46%.
Prevalence and risk factors for alcohol use disorders, substance use disorders, and depression anxiety and stress among users of sexual health services in Singapore: a cross-sectional survey study
Authors: Ng Wen Zhi , Ariffin Khairul , Tay Peter Kay Chai , Prasad Mukul , Tan Calvin , Kwok Chronos , Tan Rayner Kay Jin 
Published: April 2023

Syndemics of poor mental health also drive poorer sexual health outcomes. This study used three scales, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), the Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST-10), and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) among beneficiaries of sexual health services in Singapore (n = 975), respectively. We found that a prevalence of 20.4% and 18.6% of hazardous and moderate-severe alcohol use disorders and substance use risks, respectively. About 13.7%, 18.1% and 10.5% of participants reported severe to extremely severe symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, respectively. Further investigation and integrated interventions for mental health in sexual health settings are warranted.
Propagation characteristics of a high-power beam in weakly relativistic-ponderomotive thermal quantum plasma
Authors: Walia Keshav 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The present work explores the propagation characteristics of high-power beams in weakly relativistic-ponderomotive thermal quantum plasma. A q-Gaussian laser beam is taken in the present investigation. The quasi-optics equation obtained in the present study is solved through a well-established Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin approximation and paraxial theory approach for obtaining the second-order differential equation describing the behavior of beam width of the laser beam. Further, a numerical simulation of this second-order differential equation is carried out for determining the behavior of the beam width with dimensionless distance for established laser–plasma parameters. The comparison of the present study is made with ordinary quantum plasma and classical relativistic plasma cases.
Development of fused metrology methods for the analysis of hip implant tribology
Authors: Pashley Joe , Blunt Liam , Bills Paul , Racasan Radu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In order to advance the study of wear phenomena involved in total hip implants a fused metrology system has been designed and constructed. The novel fixture system has been designed and built to facilitate large area surface measurement for hip implant bearing wear. The system allows coordinate measurement machine (CMM) wear map data to be used for precise positional targeting of areal surface metrology using high spatial resolution optical interferometry. The complete measurement process allows Coordinate Measuring Machine measurement and surface metrology datasets to be ‘fused’ thus facilitating carefully positioned wear scar analysis. The fixture utilises two digital rotary stages, in a gimble configuration, to precisely position the bearing component during CMM measurement and surface metrology. To test the effectiveness of the fixture system a cohort of explanted large metal-on-metal (MoM) femoral heads were assessed. Application of the fixture system allowed a set of grouped surface measurements were taken within the wear area, the wear area boundary region, and at unworn locations across the femoral heads. Additionally, a series of stitched surface measurements are taken through the entire wear area and combined into a single surface measurement. The ‘fusion’ method, allowed areas of roughening (or smoothing) to be estimated and overlayed on the corresponding CMM wear map. The developed fixture system allows for better understanding of hip implant performance. Combined with areal surface metrology parameters such as areal average surface roughness Sa, developed surface area ration Sdr and areal surface skewness, Ssk the system could be utilised understand the wear mechanisms for both explanted, in-vitro and in-vivo wear testing and also detailed quality inspection of newly manufactured components. The significance of the system deployment is that wear location and detailed mechanism can be studied simultaneously, thus delivering understanding of typical wear mechanisms and hence the fixture becomes a tool for developing increased implant life through understanding surface interactions.
Effect of additive and subtractive hybrid manufacturing process on the surface quality of 18Ni300 maraging steel
Authors: Guo Qixian , Wang Yanshuang , Lin Jianghai 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The effect of process parameters on the surface quality of 18Ni300 maraging steel formed by selective laser melting (SLM) was investigated. Surface modification of SLM specimens was performed using milling as a subtraction method to investigate the effect of milling process parameters on the surface quality of SLM specimens. Comparing and analyzing the surface quality after additive and subtractive processes, the results show that the increase of laser power during SLM can improve the surface morphology, but there is always a balling effect. The surface quality deteriorates when the scanning speed increases. When the laser power increases or the scanning speed decreases, the microhardness increases and the error decreases. The residual stress does not vary linearly with the change of laser power or scanning speed, and the scanning speed has a greater effect on the residual stress than the laser power. The best surface quality was achieved with a laser power of 180 W and a scanning speed of 300 mm s−1. The laser power and scanning speed did not significantly affect the microstructure of the SLM-formed specimens. In the milling process, an increase in the feed rate will make the surface quality worse, and an increase in the cutting speed will make the surface quality better. The best surface quality was obtained with a cutting speed of 10 m min−1 and a feed rate of 36 mm min−1. The grain refinement effect is weakened when the feed rate is increased, and the grain refinement effect is enhanced when the cutting speed is increased. The surface quality of SLM-formed maraging steel specimens improved somewhat after milling.
Anatomical traits related to leaf and branch hydraulic functioning on Amazonian savanna plants
Authors: Simioni Priscila F , Emilio Thaise , Giles André L , Viana de Freitas Gustavo , Silva Oliveira Rafael , Setime Lara , Pierre Vitoria Angela , Pireda Saulo , Vieira da Silva Ivone , Da Cunha Maura 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Amazonian savannas are isolated patches of open habitats found within the extensive matrix of Amazonian tropical forests. There remains limited evidence on how Amazonian plants from savannas differ in the traits related to drought resistance and water loss control. Previous studies have reported several xeromorphic characteristics of Amazonian savanna plants at the leaf and branch levels that are linked to soil, solar radiation, rainfall and seasonality. How anatomical features relate to plant hydraulic functioning in this ecosystem is less known and instrumental if we want to accurately model transitions in trait states between alternative vegetation in Amazonia. In this context, we combined studies of anatomical and hydraulic traits to understand the structure–function relationships of leaf and wood xylem in plants of Amazonian savannas. We measured 22 leaf, wood and hydraulic traits, including embolism resistance (as P50), Hydraulic Safety Margin (HSM) and isotope-based water use efficiency (WUE), for the seven woody species that account for 75% of the biomass of a typical Amazonian savanna on rocky outcrops in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Few anatomical traits are related to hydraulic traits. Our findings showed wide variation exists among the seven species studied here in resistance to embolism, water use efficiency and structural anatomy, suggesting no unique dominant functional plant strategy to occupy an Amazonian savanna. We found wide variation in resistance to embolism (−1.6 ± 0.1 MPa and −5.0 ± 0.5 MPa) with species that are less efficient in water use (e.g. Kielmeyera rubriflora, Macairea radula, Simarouba versicolor, Parkia cachimboensis and Maprounea guianensis) showing higher stomatal conductance potential, supporting xylem functioning with leaf succulence and/or safer wood anatomical structures and that species that are more efficient in water use (e.g. Norantea guianensis and Alchornea discolor) can exhibit riskier hydraulic strategies. Our results provide a deeper understanding of how branch and leaf structural traits combine to allow for different hydraulic strategies among coexisting plants. In Amazonian savannas, this may mean investing in buffering water loss (e.g. succulence) at leaf level or safer structures (e.g. thicker pit membranes) and architectures (e.g. vessel grouping) in their branch xylem.