bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unraveling the potential of bacterial phytases for sustainable management of phosphorous
Authors: Vashishth Amit , Tehri Nimisha , Tehri Piyush , Sharma Avinash , Sharma Anil Kumar , Kumar Vineet 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPhosphorous actively participates in numerous metabolic and regulatory activities of almost all living organisms including animals and humans. Therefore, it is considered as an essential macronutrient required supporting their proper growth. On contrary, phytic acid (PA), an antinutritional substance, is widely known for its strong affinity to chelate essential mineral ions including PO43−, Ca2+, Fe2+, Mg2+, and Zn2+. Being one the major reservoir of PO43− ions, PA has great potential to bind PO43− ions in diverse range of foods. Once combined with P, PA transforms into an undigested and insoluble complex namely phytate. Produced phytate leads to a notable reduction in the bioavailability of P due to negligible activity of phytases in monogastric animals and humans. This highlights the importance and consequent need of enhancement of phytase level in these life forms. Interestingly, phytases, catalyzing the breakdown of phytate complex and recycling the phosphate into ecosystem to its available form, have naturally been reported in a variety of plants and microorganisms over past few decades. In pursuit of a reliable solution, the focus of this review is to explore the keynote potential of bacterial phytases for sustainable management of phosphorous via efficient utilization of soil phytate. The core of the review covers detailed discussion on bacterial phytases along with their widely reported applications viz. biofertilizers, phosphorus acquisition, and plant growth promotion. Moreover, meticulous description on fermentation‐based strategies and future trends on bacterial phytases have also been included.
Effect of risperidone on morphine‐induced conditioned place preference and dopamine receptor D2 gene expression in male rat hippocampus
Authors: Arani Zahra Mansouri , Heidariyeh Nasrin , Ghavipanjeh Gholamreza , Lotfinia Majid , Banafshe Hamid Reza 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies suggest the possible effect of risperidone on brain reward system and D1 and D2 dopamine receptors’ involvement in morphine‐induced conditioned place preference (CPP).AimsThe present study was designed to investigate the effect of risperidone as an atypical antipsychotic drug on morphine‐induced CPP and D2‐like dopamine receptor gene expression in rat.Materials and MethodsAn unbiased CPP paradigm was used to study the effect of risperidone. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of risperidone (1, 2, and 4 mg/kg) was performed 30 min before the morphine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) injection and just after the rat was placed in the CPP box. The open field test was used to assay the locomotor activity of animal. The gene expression of D2 dopamine receptor in hippocampus was measured by real‐time PCR technique. The hippocampi of rats were also used for histology evaluation.ResultsMorphine‐produced (10 mg/kg) CPP and morphine‐induced CPP were reversed only by the administration of a low dose of risperidone (1 mg/kg). Low dose of risperidone (1 mg/kg) showed no effect on locomotor activity but a higher dose of risperidone (2 and 4 mg/kg) decreased locomotor activity. Real‐time PCR data analysis revealed that the gene expression of D2 dopamine receptor had significant difference between morphine and a 1 mg/kg dose of risperidone. Moreover, in histological evaluation, apoptosis was observed in the morphine group, whereas there was no evidence of apoptosis in the risperidone‐treated groups.ConclusionOur results suggest that risperidone (1 mg/kg) reverses the morphine‐induced CPP and may reduce the rewarding properties of morphine. It is also demonstrated that risperidone decreases the expression of D2 receptor in rat hippocampus. Therefore, risperidone can be considered potential adjunct therapy in morphine dependence.
Structure‐Activity Relationship of Methyl 4‐Aminobenzoate Derivatives as Being Drug Candidate Targeting Glutathione Related Enzymes: in Vitro and in Silico Approaches
Authors: Korkmaz Işıl Nihan , Güller Uğur , Kalın Ramazan , Özdemir Hasan , Küfrevioğlu Ömer İrfan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA thiol compound, glutathione, is essential for healthy cell defence against xenobiotics and oxidative stress. Glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S‐transferase (GST) are two glutathione‐related enzymes that function in the antioxidant and the detoxification systems. In this study, potential inhibitory effects of methyl 4‐aminobenzoate derivatives on GR and GST were examined in vitro. GR and GST were isolated from human erythrocytes with 7.63 EU/mg protein and 5.66 EU/mg protein specific activity, respectively. It was found that compound 1 (methyl 4‐amino‐3‐bromo‐5‐fluorobenzoate with Ki value of 0.325±0.012 μM) and compound 5 (methyl 4‐amino‐2‐nitrobenzoate with Ki value of 92.41±22.26 μM) inhibited GR and GST stronger than other derivatives. Furthermore, a computer‐aided method was used to predict the binding affinities of derivatives, ADME characteristics, and toxicities. Derivatives 4 (methyl 4‐amino‐2‐bromobenzoate) and 6 (methyl 4‐amino‐2‐chlorobenzoate) were estimated to have the lowest binding energies into GR and GST receptors, respectively according to results of in silico studies.
Ring‐Closure on the Rocks in a Prebiotic Environment
Authors: Ter‐Ovanessian Louis M. P. , Maurel Marie‐Christine , Lambert Jean‐François 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRing‐closure is a key step in current pyrimidine anabolism and one may wonder whether cyclisation reactions could be promoted in the geochemical context at the origins of life, i. e. with the help of minerals. Various prebiotic minerals were tested in this work, including silica, carbonates, microporous minerals. In particular, the role of zinc ions supported on minerals was investigated in view of its presence in the catalytic site of cyclic amidohydrolase enzymes. Based on in situ (TGA: ThermoGravimetric Analysis, ATR‐IR: Attenuated Total Reflectance‐InfraRed) and ex situ (1H NMR‐ Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) characterisations, we identified the products of thermal activation of NCA (N‐carbamoyl‐aspartic acid) in wetting‐and‐drying scenarios on the surface of minerals. NCA can cyclize extensively only on some surfaces, with the predominant product being 5‐carboxymethylhydantoin (Hy) rather than dihydroorotate (DHO), while there is a competition with hydrolysis on others. Replacing the enzymes with heterogeneous catalysts also works with other reactions catalysed by enzymes of the cyclic amidohydrolases family. The role of the hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of minerals as well as the regioselectivity of the cyclisation (5‐carboxymethylhydantoin versus dihydroorotate) are examined.
Toward “E‐Ring‐Free” Lamellarin Analogues: Synthesis and Preliminary Biological Evaluation
Authors: Rusanov Daniil A. , Mutasim Alfadul Samah , Portnyagina Ekaterina Yu. , Silyanova Eugenia A. , Kuznetsov Nikita A. , Podpovetny Kirill E. , Samet Alexander V. , Semenov Victor V. , Babak Maria V. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSince the discovery of anticancer properties of a naturally occurring hexacyclic marine alkaloid Lamellarin D, the attempts have been made to prepare its synthetic analogues and elucidate the effects of each structural component on their activity profile. While F‐ring‐free, A‐ring‐free and B‐ring‐open lamellarins are known, E‐ring‐free analogues have never been investigated. In this work, we developed a facile and straightforward synthetic method toward E‐ring‐free lamellarin analogues based on the [3+2]‐cycloaddition. For the first time, we prepared several pentacyclic lamellarin analogues without E‐ring in their structure and assessed their cytotoxicity in a panel of cancer cell lines in comparison with several hexacyclic lamellarins. E‐ring‐free lamellarins were devoid of cytotoxicity due to their poor solubility in cellular environment.
Pushing the Boundaries of Structural Heterogeneity with the Lipid A of Marine Bacteria Cellulophaga
Authors: Cirella Roberta , Pagliuca Chiara , Pither Molly Dorothy , Scaglione Elena , Nedashkovskaya Olga I. , Chernikov Oleg V. , Hua Kuo‐Feng , Colicchio Roberta , Vitiello Mariateresa , Kokoulin Maxim S. , Silipo Alba , Salvatore Paola , Molinaro Antonio , Di Lorenzo Flaviana 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMarine bacteria, which are often described as chemical gold, are considered an exceptional source of new therapeutics. Considerable research interest has been given to lipopolysaccharides (LPSs), the main components of the Gram‐negative outer membrane. LPS and its lipid A portion from marine bacteria are known to exhibit a tricky chemistry that has been often associated with intriguing properties such as behaving as immune adjuvants or anti‐sepsis molecules. In this scenario, we report the structural determination of the lipid A from three marine bacteria within the Cellulophaga genus, which showed to produce an extremely heterogenous blend of tetra‐ to hexa‐acylated lipid A species, mostly carrying one phosphate and one D‐mannose on the glucosamine disaccharide backbone. The ability of the three LPSs in activating TLR4 signaling revealed a weaker immunopotential by C. baltica NNO 15840T and C. tyrosinoxydans EM41T, while C. algicola ACAM 630T behaved as a more potent TLR4 activator.
The antioxidant and anticancer properties of chickpea water and chickpea polyphenol extracts in vitro
Authors: Bochenek Heidi , Francis Nidhish , Santhakumar Abishek B. , Blanchard Christopher L. , Chinkwo Kenneth A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveChickpea is an essential legume, a staple food in many cultures, and contains nutrients with potential health benefits. The chickpea water/aquafaba (CPW) leached out after cooking is usually discarded, which may potentially have significant anticancer and other health‐beneficial properties. This study compared the in vitro bioactivity of CPW with chickpea polyphenol extract (CPPE) to evaluate its impact on pathways of colorectal cancer progression and development.FindingsMorphological observation by APOPercentage, cell viability detection using a cytotoxic assay, and cell migration‐scratch assay points to measure rate of metastasis were employed. Overall antioxidant activity of CPW and CPPE were measured using ABTS and DPPH free‐radical assays. At 50 µg/mL concentration and above, both CPW and CPPE extracts significantly reduce cell viability in HT‐29 colon cancer cell lines (p < .05). Moreover, a quantitative analysis of the extent of apoptosis demonstrated that at 250 and 500 μg/mL concentrations, both extracts induced significant apoptosis compared to the untreated control. Meanwhile, the cell migration scratch area decreases by 34.42% and 15.27% when treated with CPW and CPPE, respectively.ConclusionCPW demonstrated comparable in vitro anticancer properties and antioxidant activity in colorectal cancer cells to CPPE. Further, in vivo studies are warranted to evaluate the physiological bioactivity of CPW and CPPE in targeting pathways of cancer development and progression.Significance and NoveltyOur results showed the water used for cooking chickpeas should not be discarded as it contains beneficial bioactive compounds.
Conservative management of dentigerous cyst in children: Report of two clinical cases
Authors: Khalifa Chaima , Garma Maroua , Mabrouk Rihab , Slim Afef , Bouguezzi Adel , Selmi Jamil 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe dentigerous cyst is the second most common odontogenic. The prevalence rates ranging from 0.8% to 3.6% in the general population. It affects people especially at the second and third decade of life with a male predilection. It presents a preference for the mandibular region particularly for the second lower premolar. Surgical marsupialization or decompression are the most conservative treatment modalities as it prevents the risks of cyst removal as nerve injuries and preserves the unerupted tooth. Two clinical cases of two young patients presenting a dentigerous cyst involving impacted teeth, which were successfully treated by decompression will be reported in order to highlight the benefits and limits of cyst decompression as well as detailing its operating protocol and its instructions.
Placental chorioangioma separation in third trimester after fetoscopic laser therapy: Report of a rare case
Authors: Wang Ying , Wei Yuan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA primigravida received fetoscopic laser photocoagulation treatment at 25+1 weeks gestation as a chorioangioma enlarged to 61 × 46 × 52 mm. However, a cesarean section was performed due to the chorioangioma separated from the placenta at 32+2 weeks gestation. As the chorioangioma's blood supply were blocked, it was possible to provide expectant treatment.
New Developments of Chiral Palladium‐Aqua Complexes as Cooperative Brønsted Acid‐Base Catalysts in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Gärtner Cornelius V. , Schneider Christoph 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBased upon their exceptional reactivity as cooperative Brønsted acid‐base catalysts chiral diphosphane Pd‐aqua complexes have successfully been utilized in a broad range of asymmetric transformations. Originally discovered by Sodeoka 25 years ago, they readily form reactive chiral Pd enolates upon deprotonation of β‐dicarbonyl compounds and simultaneously, a Brønsted acid liberated from the catalyst activates the electrophile. After the initial report and some ensuing papers had been published in the early 2000s, the field lay dormant for more than a decade. In recent years, however, new developments towards the enantioselective synthesis of various heterocycles and other useful compounds have evolved which take advantage of the unique properties of chiral Pd‐aqua complexes.
Surgical phenotype of patients with peritoneal mesothelioma and a germline mutation
Authors: Berger Yaniv , Gadiraju Meghana , Dhiman Ankit , Gilliam Katie , Opalecky Buerkley , Chen Heather , Helgeson Maria , Eng Oliver S. , Husain Aliya N. , Drazer Michael W. , Kindler Hedy L. , Churpek Jane E. , Turaga Kiran K. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to investigate if peritoneal mesothelioma (PM) patients with germline mutations (GM) have distinct surgical characteristics when compared to those without GM.MethodsPM patients were selected from an ongoing prospective study that conducts germline testing of 82 susceptibility genes. Germline status was correlated with surgical data obtained from a prospectively collected database using univariate, multivariate, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses.ResultsOut of 88 PM patients enrolled between 2009 and 2019, 18 GMs (20.5%) were identified in BRCA1‐associated protein 1 (BAP1) (n = 11, 12.5% of all patients), SDHA (n = 2) and WT1, CDKN2A, CHEK2, ATM, and BRCA2 (n = 1 patient each). Surgical procedures were performed in 71 patients, the most common of which were cytoreductive surgeries with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (n = 61). Patients with GM presented with a higher prevalence of other prior cancers (61.1% vs. 31.4%, p = .02) and lower platelet count (251 [160–413] vs. 367 [196–780] K/µL, p = .005) compared to those without GM (n = 70). Survival outcomes did not differ significantly between the groups. Patients with BAP1 GMs were more likely to develop bicavitary disease and to present with lower platelet count and mitotic count score, and higher peritoneal cancer index (PCI, all p ≤ .04) compared with those without GM. On ROC analysis, the combination of PCI, platelet count and mitotic score yielded an area under the curve of 0.96 (95% CI, 0.91–1.0) for BAP1 GM detection among operated PM patients.ConclusionHigher intraoperative tumor burden and lower platelet count and mitotic score are suggestive of BAP1 GMs in surgical PM patients and should prompt germline testing.
Phase 1/1b study of azacitidine and hedgehog pathway inhibitor sonidegib in patients with myeloid neoplasms
Authors: Tibes Raoul , Kosiorek Heidi E. , Dueck Amylou C. , Palmer Jeanne , Sproat Lisa , Bogenberger James , Hashmi Shahrukh , Mesa Ruben , Hogan William , Litzow Mark R. , Al‐Kali Aref 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundMyeloid neoplasms (myelodysplastic syndrome [MDS], myelofibrosis, and chronic myelomonocytic [CMML]) are aggressive hematological malignancies for which, despite recent approvals, novel therapies are needed to improve clinical outcomes. The hedgehog (HH) pathway is one of the main pathways for cancer stem cells survival and several HH inhibitors (HHi) are approved in clinical practice.MethodsSonidegib (SON), an oral HHi, was tested in this phase 1/1b trial in combination with azacitidine (AZA, 75 mg/m2 days ×7) in patients with newly diagnosed and relapsed/refractory (r/r) chronic MN or acute myeloid leukemia (AML).ResultsSixty‐two patients (28 [45%] newly diagnosed) were treated in this study, including 10 patients in the dose‐finding component and 52 patients in phase 1b. SON 200 mg oral daily on days 1–28 each cycle was deemed the recommended dose for phase 1b. Out of 21 rrAML patients, two achieved response (one complete response/one morphologic leukemia‐free state) with no responses seen in seven r/r MDS/CMML patients. In newly diagnosed AML/MDS, response was seen in six (three had complete remission, two had morphological leukemia‐free status) of 27 patients. Median overall survival was 26.4 and 4.7 months for newly diagnosed MDS and AML, respectively. Safety was satisfactory with common (>20%) side effects including fatigue, constipation, nausea, cough, insomnia, and diarrhea. Only 7% of patients died in the study, and none of the deaths were deemed related to treatment.ConclusionsOur study shows that AZA + SON are a safe combination in a patient with MN. Similar to other hedgehog inhibitors, this combination yielded limited response rate in patients with myeloid neoplasms.
A Multitool for Circular Economy: Fast Ring‐Opening Polymerization and Chemical Recycling of (Bio)polyesters Using a Single Aliphatic Guanidine Carboxy Zinc Catalyst
Authors: Fuchs Martin , Schäfer Pascal M. , Wagner Wolf , Krumm Ian , Walbeck Marcel , Dietrich Regina , Hoffmann Alexander , Herres‐Pawlis Sonja 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA new aliphatic hybrid guanidine N,O‐donor ligand (TMGeech) and its zinc chloride complex ([ZnCl2(TMGeech)]) are presented. This complex displays high catalytic activity for the ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of lactide in toluene, exceeding the toxic industry standard tin octanoate by a factor of 10. The high catalytic activity of [ZnCl2(TMGeech)] is further demonstrated under industrially preferred melt conditions, reaching high lactide conversions within seconds. To bridge the gap towards a sustainable circular (bio)economy, the catalytic activity of [ZnCl2(TMGeech)] for the chemical recycling of polylactide (PLA) by alcoholysis in THF is investigated. Fast production of different value‐added lactates at mild temperatures is demonstrated. Selective PLA degradation from mixtures with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and a polymer blend, catalyst recycling, and a detailed kinetic analysis are presented. For the first time, chemical recycling of post‐consumer PET producing different value‐added materials is demonstrated using a guanidine‐based zinc catalyst. Therefore, [ZnCl2(TMGeech)] is a promising, highly active multitool, not only to implement a circular (bio)plastics economy, but also to tackle today's ongoing plastics pollution.
Bidirectional half‐bridge LLC resonant converter with automatic current sharing characteristic
Authors: Zhu Xiaoquan , Liu Kang , Jin Ke , Zhang Bo 
Published: April 2023

SummaryA bidirectional half‐bridge (BHB) LLC resonant converter with automatic current sharing characteristics is proposed in this paper for high‐power bidirectional energy storage applications. With the help of magnetizing inductance of transformer, all MOSFETs on the primary and secondary sides can realize zero‐voltage switching. By grouping the secondary windings of the transformer, excellent current sharing can be achieved in both forward and backward operation modes even if there is a 10% error of the resonant parameters. Due to the half bridge structure in both primary and secondary sides, the number of switches is reduced. And the resonant capacitance is small, which is conducive to integrate into the isolation transformer. Thus, the power density and overall efficiency of the proposed converter can be improved. Whether the converter is in forward or backward operation mode, the PWM control strategy is consistent, and it is not required to control the power flow by regulating the phase shift angle of primary and secondary sides, which makes the control strategy of the proposed converter easier. Finally, an 850 W experimental prototype is established to verify the superiority of the proposed circuit. Under the full load condition, the measured peak efficiency is 98.11% and 97.11% in the forward and backward operating modes, respectively.
How to quantify factors degrading DNA in the environment and predict degradation for effective sampling design
Authors: Naef Thomas , Besnard Anne‐Laure , Lehnen Lisa , Petit Eric J. , van Schaik Jaap , Puechmaille Sebastien J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractExtra‐organismal DNA (eoDNA) from material left behind by organisms (noninvasive DNA, e.g., feces, hair) or from environmental samples (eDNA, e.g., water, soil) is a valuable source of genetic information. However, the relatively low quality and quantity of eoDNA, which can be further degraded by environmental factors, results in reduced amplification and sequencing success. This is often compensated for through cost‐ and time‐intensive replications of genotyping/sequencing procedures. Therefore, system‐ and site‐specific quantifications of environmental degradation are needed to maximize sampling efficiency (e.g., fewer replicates, shorter sampling durations), and to improve species detection and abundance estimates. Using 10 environmentally diverse bat roosts as a case study, we developed a robust modeling pipeline to quantify the environmental factors degrading eoDNA, predict eoDNA quality, and estimate sampling‐site‐specific ideal exposure duration. Maximum humidity was the strongest eoDNA‐degrading factor, followed by exposure duration and then maximum temperature. We also found a positive effect when hottest days occurred later. The strength of this effect fell between the strength of the effects of exposure duration and maximum temperature. With those predictors and information on sampling period (before or after offspring were born), we reliably predicted mean eoDNA quality per sampling visit at new sites with a mean squared error of 0.0349. Site‐specific simulations revealed that reducing exposure duration to 2–8 days could substantially improve eoDNA quality for future sampling. Our pipeline identified high humidity and temperature as strong drivers of eoDNA degradation even in the absence of rain and direct sunlight. Furthermore, we outline the pipeline's utility for other systems and study goals, such as estimating sample age, improving eDNA‐based species detection, and increasing the accuracy of abundance estimates.