bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐read direct RNA sequencing of the mitochondrial transcriptome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveals condition‐dependent intron abundance
Authors: Koster Charlotte C. , Kleefeldt Askar A. , van den Broek Marcel , Luttik Marijke , Daran Jean‐Marc , Daran‐Lapujade Pascale 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMitochondria fulfil many essential roles and have their own genome, which is expressed as polycistronic transcripts that undergo co‐ or posttranscriptional processing and splicing. Due to the inherent complexity and limited technical accessibility of the mitochondrial transcriptome, fundamental questions regarding mitochondrial gene expression and splicing remain unresolved, even in the model eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Long‐read sequencing could address these fundamental questions. Therefore, a method for the enrichment of mitochondrial RNA and sequencing using Nanopore technology was developed, enabling the resolution of splicing of polycistronic genes and the quantification of spliced RNA. This method successfully captured the full mitochondrial transcriptome and resolved RNA splicing patterns with single‐base resolution and was applied to explore the transcriptome of S. cerevisiae grown with glucose or ethanol as the sole carbon source, revealing the impact of growth conditions on mitochondrial RNA expression and splicing. This study uncovered a remarkable difference in the turnover of Group II introns between yeast grown in either mostly fermentative or fully respiratory conditions. Whether this accumulation of introns in glucose medium has an impact on mitochondrial functions remains to be explored. Combined with the high tractability of the model yeast S. cerevisiae, the developed method enables to monitor mitochondrial transcriptome responses in a broad range of relevant contexts, including oxidative stress, apoptosis and mitochondrial diseases.
Learning to Give Useful Hints: Assistance Action Evaluation and Policy Improvements
Authors: Schmucker Robin , Pachapurkar Nimish , Bala Shanmuga , Shah Miral , Mitchell Tom 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe describe a fielded online tutoring system that learns which of several candidate assistance actions (e.g., one of multiple hints) to provide to students when they answer a practice question incorrectly. The system learns, from large-scale data of prior students, which assistance action to give for each of thousands of questions, to maximize measures of student learning outcomes. Using data from over 190,000 students in an online Biology course, we quantify the impact of different assistance actions for each question on a variety of outcomes (e.g., response correctness, practice completion), framing the machine learning task as a multi-armed bandit problem. We study relationships among different measures of learning outcomes, leading us to design an algorithm that for each question decides on the most suitable assistance policy training objective to optimize central target measures. We evaluate the trained policy for providing assistance actions, comparing it to a randomized assistance policy in live use with over 20,000 students, showing significant improvements resulting from the system’s ability to learn to teach better based on data from earlier students in the course. We discuss our design process and challenges we faced when fielding data-driven technology, providing insights to designers of future learning systems.
A Student-Centered Learning Analytics Dashboard Towards Course Goal Achievement in STEM Education
Authors: Buvari Sebastian , Viberg Olga , Iop Alessandro , Romero Mario 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOnline learning has become an everyday form of learning for many students across different disciplines, including STEM subjects in the setting of higher education. Studying in these settings requires students to self-regulate their learning to a higher degree as compared to campus-based education. A vital aspect of self-regulated learning is the application of goal-setting strategies. Universities act to support students’ goal-setting through the achievement of course learning outcomes, which work both as a promise and metric of academic achievement. However, a lack of clear integration between course activities and course learning outcomes leaves a dissonance between students’ study efforts and the course progress. This demo study presents a student-centered learning analytics dashboard aimed at assisting students in their achievement of course learning goals in the setting of STEM higher education. The dashboard was designed using a design science methodological approach. Thirty-seven students have contributed to its development and evaluation during different stages of the design process, including the conceptual iterative design and prototyping. The preliminary results show that students found the tool to be easy to use and useful for the achievement of the course goals.
Zwischen Wandel und sozialer Gerechtigkeit: Herausforderungen des Gesundheits- und Sozialwesens
Authors: Kehl Konstantin 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungSoziale Gerechtigkeit ist eine Chiffre, um die sich viele sozial- und gesundheitspolitische Diskurse ranken. Das teils essayistische Abschlusskapitel stellt die Grundideen des Liberalismus und Republikanismus vor, die bis heute unsere Vorstellungen von sozialer (Un-)Gerechtigkeit prägen, und setzt sich mit den theoretischen Weiterentwicklungen von John Rawls und Michael Walzer auseinander. Auf dieser Basis vertiefen wir das Thema in Bezug auf die Schweiz sowie aktuelle Diskurse und Herausforderungen im Gesundheits- und Sozialwesen.
Post-Quantum Cryptographic Schemes for Security Enhancement in 5G and B5G (Beyond 5G) Cellular Networks
Authors: Bhatt Saurabh , Bhushan Bharat , Srivastava Tanya , Anoop V. S. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract5G is the fifth generation of broadband cellular network and beyond 5G can be the 6G, which will be the sixth generation of broadband cellular network. Even though studies about 5G are still evolving, 6G has become a hot topic for cellular researchers these days. The expansion in the field of 5G and 6G is still in infancy stage as many problems still need to be solved. Out of these, security of data transmission is a premier concern. Therefore, cybersecurity is becoming increasingly important for these cellular networks. This paper is focused upon providing the in-depth overview of 5G and B5G networks. The paper aims to evaluate the insights of the security services of 6G networks and outlines various data security techniques used by 5G networks. The paper also provides introduction to quantum computing for cryptography and evaluates various post-quantum cryptography techniques. Finally, some novel research trends and directions in correlation of security of 5G and beyond 5G networks are listed to guide further research in the area.
Network Architectures and Protocols for Efficient Exploitation of Spectrum Resources in 5G
Authors: Archana Kande , Kamakshi Prasad V. , Ashok M. , Anantha Raman G. R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWith the emergence of 5G technology with its enhanced architecture, there are unprecedented possibilities in terms of Quality of Service (QoS), data rate, latency, and capacity. This chapter throws light on different aspects of 5G technology and associated technological innovations. It has support for user diversity, devise diversity, and other dimensions. It focuses on the architecture of 5G technology, its underlying mechanisms, support for Device-to-Device (D2D) communication, Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) enhancements, advanced interference management, enhanced utility of ultra-dense networks, spectrum sharing, and cloud technologies associated with 5G networks. It also proposes a methodology with spectrum broker with underlying components with delay-aware and energy-efficient approach to leverage 5G base stations leading to the reduction of energy consumption. The concept of queueing delays is considered while proposing the scheme for delay-sensitive communications with energy efficiency. The spectrum broker has mechanisms to achieve this. Simulation study with the proposed scheme shows the energy efficiency of the proposed scheme when compared with the state of the art. This chapter not only provides the required know-how on different technologies but also provides the simulation study that may trigger further investigation into the resource management in 5G networks.
Security Services for Wireless 5G Internet of Things (IoT) Systems
Authors: Malik Ayasha , Parihar Veena , Bhushan Bharat , Chaganti Rajasekhar , Bhatia Surbhi , Astya Parma Nand 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging field that has evolved in recent past years and tends to have a major effect on our lives in the coming future. The development of communication techniques is very rapid and tends to achieve many innovative results. With the invention of 5th Generation mobile networks, i.e., 5G, it is becoming an exciting and challenging topic of interest in the field of wireless communication. 5G networks have the ability to connect millions or billions of nodes without affecting the quality of throughput and latency. The 5G technology can develop a truly digital society in which every device may be connected through the Internet. IoT is an emerging technology in which everything can be connected and communicated via the Internet, the term everything may include computing devices, humans, software, platforms, and solutions. The development of this technology leads to the advent of a number of solutions that are helpful for humankind, for example, smart retailing creation of smart cities, smart farming, intelligent transport systems, smart eco-systems, etc. While IoT is a revolutionary technology in the progression of the Internet, it still has some significant challenges for implementation like ensuring security, performance issues, quality of support and saving of energy, etc. Furthermore, the paper elaborates on the motivation of combining two technology together named IoT and 5G for better communication. Additionally, the paper illustrates the basic architecture of IoT enabling 5G and discussed various solutions to provide communication. Moreover, the paper also discussed the various challenges and research gaps of 5G-IoT technology.
Reduction to master integrals via intersection numbers and polynomial expansions
Authors: Fontana Gaia , Peraro Tiziano 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Intersection numbers are rational scalar products among functions that admit suitable integral representations, such as Feynman integrals. Using these scalar products, the decomposition of Feynman integrals into a basis of linearly independent master integrals is reduced to a projection. We present a new method for computing intersection numbers that only uses rational operations and does not require any integral transformation or change of basis. We achieve this by systematically employing the polynomial series expansion, namely the expansion of functions in powers of a polynomial. We also introduce a new prescription for choosing dual integrals, de facto removing the explicit dependence on additional analytic regulators in the computation of intersection numbers. We describe a proof-of-concept implementation of the algorithm over finite fields and its application to the decomposition of Feynman integrals at one and two loops.
Flows of rotating extremal attractor black holes
Authors: Iizuka Norihiro , Ishibashi Akihiro , Maeda Kengo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We investigate the attractor mechanism of five-dimensional extremal rotating black holes in Einstein gravity minimally coupled with a multiplet complex scalar. By imposing regularity on the horizon, we show that the only possible attractor value of the scalar field is zero in our setup and that the local geometry is determined by the Myers-Perry black hole solution. We numerically obtain the extremal AdS black hole solutions interpolating the near horizon geometry to the asymptotic AdS spacetime under the existence of a bare potential of the scalar field. The black hole energy and the angular momenta are discretized for the usual Dirichlet boundary condition. Under the general boundary condition, we also find hairy extremal AdS black holes in which the energy is smaller than that of the extremal Myers-Perry AdS black hole solution for the same angular momentum.
Fermionic CFTs at large charge and large N
Authors: Dondi Nicola , Hellerman Simeon , Kalogerakis Ioannis , Moser Rafael , Orlando Domenico , Reffert Susanne 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We study the large-charge sector of large-N fermionic cfts in three dimensions. Depending on the model and the nature of the fixed charge, we find two types of descriptions: in terms of a superfluid or a Fermi sphere. We explicitly compute the conformal dimensions of the lowest operator of fixed charge and in the superfluid case verify the eft predictions for the phonon spectrum.
Quantum oscillons may be long-lived
Authors: Evslin Jarah , Romańczukiewicz Tomasz , Wereszczyński Andrzej 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Hertzberg has constructed a quantum oscillon that decays into pairs of relativistic mesons with a power much greater than the radiation from classical oscillon decay. This result is often construed as a proof that quantum oscillons decay quickly, and so are inconsequential. We apply a construction similar to Hertzberg’s to the quantum kink. Again it leads to a rapid decay via the emission of relativistic mesons. However, we find that this is the decay of a squeezed kink state to a stable kink state, and so it does not imply that the quantum kink is unstable. We then consider a time-dependent solution, which may be an oscillon, and we see that the argument proceeds identically.
Higgs phases at non-zero density from holography
Authors: Henriksson Oscar , Hippeläinen Antti , Hoyos Carlos , Jokela Niko , Piispa Aleksi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We show how Higgs phases at non-zero density can be described using a simple analytic method for gauge theories possessing a holographic dual. We introduce co-dimension one branes in a bottom-up gravity dual that are sources of form flux, such that the effective curvature radius is changed when the brane is crossed. This mimics the expected flow produced by color branes nucleating in a top-down model.
Assessment of the quality of different commercial providers using artificial intelligence for automated cephalometric analysis compared to human orthodontic experts
Authors: Kunz Felix , Stellzig-Eisenhauer Angelika , Widmaier Lisa Marie , Zeman Florian , Boldt Julian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the accuracy of various skeletal and dental cephalometric parameters as produced by different commercial providers that make use of artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted automated cephalometric analysis and to compare their quality to a gold standard established by orthodontic experts.

Methods
Twelve experienced orthodontic examiners pinpointed 15 radiographic landmarks on a total of 50 cephalometric X‑rays. The landmarks were used to generate 9 parameters for orthodontic treatment planning. The “humans’ gold standard” was defined by calculating the median value of all 12 human assessments for each parameter, which in turn served as reference values for comparisons with results given by four different commercial providers of automated cephalometric analyses (DentaliQ.ortho [CellmatiQ GmbH, Hamburg, Germany], WebCeph [AssembleCircle Corp, Seongnam-si, Korea], AudaxCeph [Audax d.o.o., Ljubljana, Slovenia], CephX [Orca Dental AI, Herzliya, Israel]). Repeated measures analysis of variances (ANOVAs) were calculated and Bland–Altman plots were generated for comparisons.

Results
The results of the repeated measures ANOVAs indicated significant differences between the commercial providers’ predictions and the humans’ gold standard for all nine investigated parameters. However, the pairwise comparisons also demonstrate that there were major differences among the four commercial providers. While there were no significant mean differences between the values of DentaliQ.ortho and the humans’ gold standard, the predictions of AudaxCeph showed significant deviations in seven out of nine parameters. Also, the Bland–Altman plots demonstrate that a reduced precision of AI predictions must be expected especially for values attributed to the inclination of the incisors.

Conclusion
Fully automated cephalometric analyses are promising in terms of timesaving and avoidance of individual human errors. At present, however, they should only be used under supervision of experienced clinicians.
Überproportional angestiegene Inzidenz proximaler Femurfrakturen in einem Level-One-Traumazentrum
Authors: Schippers Philipp , Gercek Erol , Wunderlich Felix , Wollstädter Jochen , Afghanyar Yama , Arand Charlotte , Drees Philipp , Eckhard Lukas 
Published: August 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Proximale Femurfrakturen stellen mit mehr als 20 % die häufigste Frakturentität in Deutschland dar. Gleichzeitig müssen proximale Femurfrakturen aufgrund eines Beschlusses des Gemeinsamen Bundesausschusses (G-BA) von 2019 innerhalb von 24 h operiert werden. Um einen subjektiv wahrgenommen Anstieg des Arbeitspensums in der Unfallchirurgie an einem überregionalen Traumazentrum (ÜTZ) zu quantifizieren, wurde die Anzahl der proximalen Femurfrakturen von 2016 bis 2022 analysiert. Proximale Femurfrakturen wurden hierfür aufgrund ihrer Häufigkeit und der Homogenität in der Behandlung ausgewählt.

Methode
Anhand der ICD-10-Diagnosen wurden alle operierten proximalen Femurfrakturen der Jahre 2016–2022 mitsamt der Postleitzahl an einem ÜTZ ausgewertet.

Ergebnis
Die Anzahl der operativ versorgten proximalen Femurfrakturen ist von 2016 bis 2022 um 100 % gestiegen. Der größte Anstieg wurde mit 60 % von 2020 bis 2022 verzeichnet. Gleichzeitig kam es zu einer deutlichen Vergrößerung des Einzugsradius der versorgten Patienten.

Schlussfolgerung
Am untersuchten ÜTZ kam es im (inter-)nationalen Vergleich zu einem überproportionalen Anstieg der versorgten proximalen Femurfrakturen. Der Anstieg des Einzugsradius und die Zunahme der versorgten Patienten im Stadtgebiet zeigen, dass immer weniger Krankenhäuser an der Notfallversorgung teilnehmen. Mögliche Erklärungen sind ein Ressourcenmangel, verstärkt durch die COVID-19-Pandemie und den Fachkräftemangel, Schnittstellenproblematiken an Bundesländergrenzen oder strenge Vorgaben des G‑BA in der Versorgung der proximalen Femurfrakturen. Es ist bei gleich gebliebener Infrastruktur im untersuchten ÜTZ von einem deutlich erhöhten Arbeitsaufkommen für alle beteiligten Professionen auszugehen.

Graphic abstract
Preclinical evaluation of EpCAM-binding designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPins) as targeting moieties for bimodal near-infrared fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging of cancer
Authors: Houvast Ruben D. , Badr Nada , March Taryn , de Muynck Lysanne D. A. N. , Sier Vincent Q. , Schomann Timo , Bhairosingh Shadhvi , Baart Victor M. , Peeters Judith A. H. M. , van Westen Gerard J. P. , Plückthun Andreas , Burggraaf Jacobus , Kuppen Peter J. K. , Vahrmeijer Alexander L. , Sier Cornelis F. M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) can play a key role in improving radical resection rates by assisting surgeons to gain adequate visualization of malignant tissue intraoperatively. Designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPins) possess optimal pharmacokinetic and other properties for in vivo imaging. This study aims to evaluate the preclinical potential of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM)-binding DARPins as targeting moieties for near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) and photoacoustic (PA) imaging of cancer.

Methods
EpCAM-binding DARPins Ac2, Ec4.1, and non-binding control DARPin Off7 were conjugated to IRDye 800CW and their binding efficacy was evaluated on EpCAM-positive HT-29 and EpCAM-negative COLO-320 human colon cancer cell lines. Thereafter, NIRF and PA imaging of all three conjugates were performed in HT-29_luc2 tumor-bearing mice. At 24 h post-injection, tumors and organs were resected and tracer biodistributions were analyzed.

Results
Ac2-800CW and Ec4.1-800CW specifically bound to HT-29 cells, but not to COLO-320 cells. Next, 6 nmol and 24 h were established as the optimal in vivo dose and imaging time point for both DARPin tracers. At 24 h post-injection, mean tumor-to-background ratios of 2.60 ± 0.3 and 3.1 ± 0.3 were observed for Ac2-800CW and Ec4.1-800CW, respectively, allowing clear tumor delineation using the clinical Artemis NIRF imager. Biodistribution analyses in non-neoplastic tissue solely showed high fluorescence signal in the liver and kidney, which reflects the clearance of the DARPin tracers.

Conclusion
Our encouraging results show that EpCAM-binding DARPins are a promising class of targeting moieties for pan-carcinoma targeting, providing clear tumor delineation at 24 h post-injection. The work described provides the preclinical foundation for DARPin-based bimodal NIRF/PA imaging of cancer.
Effects of hsa_circ_0074854 on colorectal cancer progression, construction of a circRNA–miRNA–mRNA network, and analysis of immune infiltration
Authors: Fang Guida , Xu Dalai , Zhang Tao , Qiu Lei , Gao Xuzhu , Wang Gang , Miao Yongchang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Circular RNAs have been demonstrated to be closely associated with the onset and metastasis of colorectal cancer. However, the roles and clinical diagnostic value of most circRNAs in colorectal cancer remain unclear.

Methods
We detected the differential expression of circRNAs in CRC tissues and cells and investigated their relationship in conjunction with clinical pathological features. Additionally, we performed cellular functional experiments in CRC cell lines to explore the functions of circRNAs. To further validate the potential ceRNA network, qPCR was performed to assess the expression of miRNA and mRNA in CRC cells after differential expression of circRNAs knockdown. Furthermore, database analysis was utilized to explore the relationship between the predicted mRNAs and immune infiltration in CRC.

Results
Our research findings indicate a positive correlation between hsa_circ_0074854 expression and advanced clinical pathological features, as well as an unfavorable prognosis. Knockdown of hsa_circ_0074854 was observed to inhibit proliferation and migration capabilities of colorectal cancer cells, affecting the cell cycle progression, and simultaneously promoting apoptosis. A competing endogenous RNA mechanism may exist among circRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs. Furthermore, the expression of target genes displayed correlations with the abundance of certain immune cells.

Conclusion
We propose a novel ceRNA network and evaluate the interplay between target genes and immune cells, providing novel insights for the diagnosis and targeted therapy of CRC.