bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of High Body Mass Index on Survivorship After Lateral Meniscal Allograft Transplantation: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
Authors: Lee Jongjin , Bin Seong-Il , Kim Jong-Min , Lee Bum-Sik , Jeon Taehyeon , Bae Kinam , Kim Donghyok 
Published: May 2023

Background: Preoperative body mass index (BMI) is one of the correctable factors before surgery. Few studies have investigated the effect of BMI on the survivorship of lateral meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT). Hypothesis: Patients with a high BMI have inferior survivorship after lateral MAT when compared with those with a normal BMI. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Overall, 306 consecutive patients who underwent lateral MAT were retrospectively reviewed. According to the classification criteria of the World Health Organization, patients were split into 2 groups: normal weight (BMI <25.0) and overweight (BMI ≥25.0). There were 104 patients (34.0%) allocated into the overweight group. Given the demographic heterogeneity between the groups, propensity score matching was performed. Before and after propensity score matching, the anatomic and clinical survival rates of the 2 groups were compared by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Anatomic failure was defined as a tear covering >50% of the allograft or unstable peripheral rim on follow-up magnetic resonance imaging and second-look arthroscopy. Clinical failure was defined as a Lysholm score <65 or need for additional surgery, such as revision MAT. Results: For all patients, the mean ± SD follow-up period was 6.9 ± 4.2 years. The mean BMI of the overweight and normal weight groups was 27.8 ± 2.6 and 22.0 ± 1.9, respectively. The mean Lysholm scores at the last follow-up were not significantly different between the groups. However, the anatomic survival rate in the overweight group (77.9%) was significantly lower than that in the normal weight group (90.1%) ( P < .001). The clinical survival rate (82.7%) in the overweight group was significantly lower than that in the normal weight group (95.0%) ( P < .001). After propensity score matching for patient characteristics, which left 87 patients per group, the anatomic and clinical survival rates were significantly lower in the overweight group. Conclusion: Preoperative high BMI was associated with inferior anatomic and clinical survival rates. The results of the current study suggest that weight loss before lateral MAT may be required in overweight patients for the improvement of anatomic and clinical survival rates.
Developmental deficits in male rat pups caused by maternal and dietary administration of chlorpyriphos and cypermethrin: Melatonin’s mitigating effect
Authors: Shittu Muftau , Ambali Suleiman Folorunsho , Ayo Joseph Olusegun , Kawu Mohammed Umaru , Akande Motunrayo Ganiyat , Abdulmalik Zainab 
Published: May 2023

The ability of melatonin to reduce growth inadequacy induced by parental and nutritional combination administration to chlorpyriphos (Ch) and cypermethrin (Cy) was examined in male albino rats. Oral alimentation was given to gravid dams divided into six groups ( n = 10; age: 12 weeks) from the first day of pregnancy to the 21st postnatal day. Distilled water (DW), Soya oil (SYO), and melatonin (MeL) groups were exposed to 2 mL/kg, 2 mL/kg, and 0.5 mg/kg, respectively; the Ch+Cy group was co-exposed to Ch (1.9 mg/kg of LD50) and Cy (7.5 mg/kg of LD50); the MChCy group was preconditioned with MeL (0.5 mg/kg), followed by co-exposure to Ch and Cy; and the ChCyM group was exposed to Ch and Cy and post treated with MeL. Male offspring rats were tested for ontogeny criteria at various points after accouchement. MeL pre- and post-administration reduced the variation in litter size and weight, number of live/dead pups, anogenital distance , crown-rump length, the timing of eye and ear openings, and testicular descent caused by fetal and nutritional co-administration to Ch+Cy in offspring male albino rats. MeL demonstrated preventive promise as a result of its apparent antioxidative capability.
Risk Factors for Delayed Diagnosis of Positional Plagiocephaly: A Review of 25,322 Patients
Authors: Munabi Naikhoba C.O. , Nelson Michael S. , Francis Stacey H. 
Published: May 2023

Objective This study identifies risk factors for late positional plagiocephaly (PP) diagnosis and impact on helmet therapy. Design We conducted a retrospective review of all patients diagnosed with PP over 10 years at five Southern California hospitals. Setting Patients diagnosed with PP at an included hospital. Patients 25,332 patients were diagnosed with PP over 10 years. Interventions Patients diagnosed with PP early (< = 6 months) and late (>6 months) were compared. Main Outcome Measures Cohorts were evaluated for demographics, gestational history, associated conditions, and hospitalizations through direct comparison, logistic regression, and correlation analyses. Rates of referrals and helmet orders were compared. Results Of patients reviewed, 4.8% (n  =  1216) were diagnosed late. On multivariate analysis, late diagnoses were more likely Hispanic or Black/African-American. Early gestational age, hydrocephalus, and VP shunt were more frequent in late diagnoses. Patients diagnosed late had longer NICU and overall hospital stays. Earlier gestational age, longer NICU or overall hospital stay correlated with later age at PP diagnosis. 8.9% of patients were referred for helmet therapy evaluation. Patients diagnosed late were 2.63 and 1.64 times as likely to be referred and require helmet therapy, respectively. Conclusions Patients who are Hispanic or Black/African-American, premature, have hydrocephalus, or VP shunt have higher rates of delayed PP diagnosis. Shorter gestational age or longer NICU or hospital stay correlates with later diagnosis, which increases helmet therapy requirements. Additional interventions are needed for at risk patients to routinely evaluate for and minimize the risk of developing PP.
Anatomy of the Ductus Arteriosus in Fetal Autopsies: Correlations With Placental Pathology and Cause of Death
Authors: Ernst Linda M. , Freedman Alexa , Price Erica , Franklin Andrew 
Published: May 2023

Background: Differences in the shape of the ductus arteriosus (DA), an important vascular shunt between the pulmonary artery and aorta, may reflect fetoplacental blood flow. Our aim was to examine tapering of the DA in a fetal autopsy population and correlate it with placental pathology and cause of death (COD). Methods: This autopsy case control study of stillborn fetuses selected cases (tapered DA) and consecutive age-matched controls (no DA tapering) between January 2017 and January 2022. We abstracted demographic and clinical data from pathology reports. Autopsy data included COD and histologic evidence of fetal hypoxia. Placental pathology included umbilical cord abnormalities, acute and chronic inflammation, fetal vascular malperfusion (FVM), and maternal vascular malperfusion (MVM). Results: We identified 50 cases and 50 controls. Gestational age ranged from 18 to 38 weeks. Maternal and fetal demographic characteristics did not differ significantly between cases and controls. COD related to an umbilical cord accident/FVM was significantly more prevalent in cases vs controls (46% vs 26%, P = .037), and FVM in the placenta, regardless of COD, trended higher in cases than controls. Conclusion: Tapering of the DA is present in stillborn fetuses and associated with COD related to fetal vascular blood flow obstruction.
Immunologic profiles in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia undergoing endovascular revascularization
Authors: Li Jun , Arora Shilpkumar , Wheat Heather , Dash Siddhartha , Kimura Stephen , Smith Justin , Castro-Dominguez Yulanka , Oommen Clint , Hammad Tarek A , Shishehbor Mehdi H , Al-Kindi Sadeer , Zidar David A 
Published: May 2023

Background: Inflammation and immune dysregulation have been associated with adverse outcomes in cardiovascular disease. There is limited understanding of the association of different profiles of white blood cell (WBC) subsets and red cell distribution width (RDW) in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI). Methods: Patients with CLTI undergoing endovascular revascularization in our single-center, tertiary care hospital from 2017 to 2019, who had a preceding complete blood count (CBC) with WBC differentials ( n =213), were included in the analysis. Patient characteristics, laboratory values, and clinical outcomes were collected. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess for associations between all-cause mortality and leukocyte subset; multivariate analysis was used to account for confounders. Kaplan–Meier curves were generated to depict survival censored at 1 year postrevascularization using baseline CBC indices. Results: Adjusting for confounders, elevated RDW was associated with increased mortality (continuous per % increase, adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.33, p < 0.001). Baseline lymphopenia was associated with mortality in univariate analysis. Other leukocyte subtypes were not associated with mortality outcomes in our population. Exploratory analysis showed negative deflections in ∆WBC from pre- to postprocedure day 1 were affiliated with increased mortality when adjusted for age, sex, race, chronic kidney disease, and baseline hemoglobin (∆WBC HR 1.16, p = 0.004). Further exploratory analysis showed an association between RDW and all-comers readmission. Conclusions: The utilization of a periprocedural WBC subset differential can be a useful adjunct to risk-stratify patients with CLTI undergoing endovascular revascularization. Further studies are needed to understand potential ways to modulate immune dysregulation so as to improve mortality outcomes.
Patterns of physical activity over 34 years in a large sample of adults: The HUNT study, Norway
Authors: Vie Tina L. , Hufthammer Karl O. , Rangul Vegar , Andersen Jon R. , Meland Eivind , Breidablik Hans J. 
Published: May 2023

Aims: To examine physical activity patterns over 34 years in a representative adult population in Norway. Methods: Longitudinal data were obtained from the Helseundersøkelsen i Trøndelag (HUNT) study, performed in 1984–1986 (HUNT1), 2006–2008 (HUNT3) and 2017–2019 (HUNT4). There were a total 123,005 participants across all four studies. Physical activity patterns over time are described, in relation to age, gender and body mass index (BMI). Multiple imputation was used to handle missing data. Results: The proportion of adults estimated (using a proxy measure) as being physically active 1 h or more per week increased from 32% in 1984–1986 (HUNT1) to 64% in 2017–2019 (HUNT4). The most frequent pattern was being inactive at HUNT1, becoming active at HUNT3 and staying active (until HUNT4). From HUNT3 to HUNT4, the most frequent pattern was being active at both time points. The adults >50 years old had a similar physical activity pattern from HUNT3 to HUNT4 and were more active than those >50 years. During the period, men were more active than woman, but difference was reduced over time. Both for persons being underweight (BMI ⩽ 18.5) or obese (BMI > 30), the proportion being active at multiple time points was lower than for persons at normal weight. Conclusions: The data indicate a noticeable increase in being physically active for 1 h or more per week during the 34-year study period. Relatively stable patterns of physical activity were identified, with some variations according to age, gender and BMI.
Managing Ulnar Nerve Subluxation With a Medial Intermuscular Septum Sling
Authors: Larson Brandon M. , Shikhman Alex , Brown Meghan S. , Tran Mike Q. , Dietrich John W. 
Published: May 2023

Background: Cubital tunnel syndrome (CuTS) is a lifestyle-altering peripheral neuropathy lacking a consensus for optimal surgical management. We describe creation of a fascial “V-sling” without ulnar nerve transposition, which is associated with increased surgical morbidity compared with decompression. The purpose of this study is to evaluate a novel technique with effective ulnar nerve decompression and subluxation prevention by creating a fascial sling in patients with CuTS and ulnar nerve subluxation. Methods: We reviewed records of 39 elbows in 35 patients who underwent in situ ulnar nerve decompression and creation of a fascial sling in a “V” configuration to stabilize the nerve in its native position. We examined patient demographics, Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) scores, Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QuickDASH) scores, and patient outcomes. Chi-square and student’s t test were used for all analysis. Results: A total of 37 extremities in 33 patients undergoing nerve decompression had nerve subluxation confirmed intraoperatively. There was a statistically significant change in preoperative and postoperative SANE scores of 64.5 and 82.3, respectively. Mean QuickDASH scores decreased significantly from 49.3 preoperative to 10.8 postoperative. The long-term QuickDASH scores obtained at mean of 564 days were maintained at 10.76. Conclusions: This study describes a novel technique for treating CuTS by achieving in situ nerve decompression and addressing ulnar nerve subluxation with creation of an intermuscular septal sling. The technique improved functional outcomes and provided symptomatic relief, while avoiding risks commonly associated with nerve transposition.
Functioning of whole bone marrow cell population in a model of L-arginine-induced pancreatitis
Authors: Stojanović Nikola M , Mitić Katarina V , Stojnev Slavica , Sokolović Dušan , Vukelić Nikolić Marija , Tričković-Vukić Dragana , Randjelović Pavle J , Krstić Miljan , Radulović Niko S 
Published: May 2023

Objective The present study aimed to investigate the metabolic activity and adherence capacity of the whole bone marrow cell (wBMC) population and changes in bone marrow (BM) architecture after acute pancreatitis (AP) induction. Methods The disease was induced by injecting L-arginine (350 mg/100 g; i.p.). The control animals, animals injected with L-arginine, and animals pre-treated with allopurinol were included in this study. Serum and routine pathohistological analysis were conducted to confirm the induction of AP. The metabolic activity and adherence capacity of wBMC were evaluated in the MTT assay and methylene-blue test, respectively, and the alterations in pancreatic tissue and BM were examined on histological sections. In addition, immunohistochemical expression of β-catenin was assessed in the pancreatic tissue. Results The wBMC adherence capacity and their total number significantly increased after AP induction. The adherence capability of wBMC was reduced in rats pre-treated with allopurinol. There were no statistically significant changes in the metabolic activity of wBMCs. In the BM isolated from AP and allopurinol pre-treated animals, a discrete left shift in granulocytopoiesis was found, with a slight increase in the myeloid-to-erythroid ratio. Conclusions After AP induction, it was shown that wBMCs expressed increased adherence capacity and unchanged metabolic activity, while the alterations in BM may reflect the general activation of myelopoiesis, which would agree with the increased mobilization of mesenchymal stem cells. Also, a significant decrease in β-catenin expression in the pancreatic tissue was noticed.
A qualitative study with Italian patients exploring the spiritual dimension during a chronic disease
Authors: Tanzi Silvia , Artioli Giovanna , De Panfilis Ludovica , Ghirotto Luca , Rabitti Elisa , Sacchi Simona 
Published: May 2023

Background Spirituality is a vast dimension influenced by cultural and personal differences. Little is known about the spirituality of patients suffering from a chronic disease in Italy from palliative care hospital settings. Aim To investigate patients’ perspectives about their spirituality during their illness. Method The research question was: ‘How does living with chronic disease inform/shape the spiritual dimension of patients?’. To address it, we conducted a qualitative interview study with thematic analysis. Results We enrolled 21 participants among patients suffering from rheumatic, haematologic, neurodegenerative and respiratory chronic diseases. Participants generally had great difficulty answering the questions researchers posed and often could not define ‘spirituality’. We found different topics grouped under four main themes: definition of spirituality, internal dialogue, expression of spirituality in everyday life and take stock. Religion is not reported as an answer to spiritual suffering, even in a country that is felt religious-driven like Italy. Discussion Patients are generally not cognizant of this dimension even living with a chronic disease; consequently, they cannot express spiritual needs because they can’t recognise them. Health professionals should identify this dimension and its characteristics to recognise potential spiritual suffering.
Training for virtual care: What do the experts think?
Authors: Curran Vernon , Hollett Ann , Peddle Emily 
Published: May 2023

Introduction Virtual care has expanded during COVID-19 and enabled continued access to healthcare services. As with the introduction of any new technology in healthcare delivery, the preparation of healthcare providers for adopting and using such systems is imperative. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore experts’ ascribed opinions on healthcare providers’ continuing professional development (CPD) needs in virtual care. Methods Semistructured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of key informants representing Canadian provincial and national organizations with expertise in virtual care delivery. Results Three main areas of knowledge, skills, and abilities that would be most helpful for healthcare providers in preparing to adopt and use virtual care were identified. The use of technology necessitates knowledge of how to integrate technology and virtual care in the practice workflow. This includes knowing how to use the technology and the privacy and security of the technology. Providers need to be able to adapt their clinical skills to virtual care and build rapport through good communication with patients. Virtual care is not appropriate for all visits, therefore providers need to understand when an in-person visit is necessary with respect to the nature of the appointment, as well as contextual factors for individual patients. Finally, providers need to adapt their examination skills to virtual care. Discussion Beyond the COVID-19 pandemic, virtual care will have a continuing role in enhancing continuity of care through access that is more convenient. Key informants identified barriers and challenges in adopting and using virtual care effectively, fundamental knowledge, skills and/or abilities required, and important topics and/or educational experiences to guide CPD program development on virtual care for healthcare providers.
The shared genetic architecture of smoking behaviours and psychiatric disorders: evidence from a population-based longitudinal study in England
Authors: Ajnakina Olesya , Steptoe Andrew 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Considering the co-morbidity of major psychiatric disorders and intelligence with smoking, to increase our understanding of why some people take up smoking or continue to smoke, while others stop smoking without progressing to nicotine dependence, we investigated the genetic propensities to psychiatric disorders and intelligence as determinants of smoking initiation, heaviness of smoking and smoking cessation in older adults from the general population.

Results
Having utilised data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), our results showed that one standard deviation increase in MDD-PGS was associated with increased odds of being a moderate-heavy smoker (odds ratio [OR] = 1.11, SE = 0.04, 95%CI = 1.00-1.24, p = 0.028). There were no other significant associations between SZ-PGS, BD-PGS, or IQ-PGS and smoking initiation, heaviness of smoking and smoking cessation in older adults from the general population in the UK.

Conclusions
Smoking is a behaviour that does not appear to share common genetic ground with schizophrenia, bipolar disorders, and intelligence in older adults, which may suggest that it is more likely to be modifiable by smoking cessation interventions. Once started to smoke, older adults with a higher polygenic predisposition to major depressive disorders are more likely to be moderate to heavy smokers, implying that these adults may require targeted smoking cessation services.
Whole-genome and dispersed duplication, including transposed duplication, jointly advance the evolution of TLP genes in seven representative Poaceae lineages
Authors: Chen Huilong , Zhang Yingchao , Feng Shuyan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
In the evolutionary study of gene families, exploring the duplication mechanisms of gene families helps researchers understand their evolutionary history. The tubby-like protein (TLP) family is essential for growth and development in plants and animals. Much research has been done on its function; however, limited information is available with regard to the evolution of the TLP gene family. Herein, we systematically investigated the evolution of TLP genes in seven representative Poaceae lineages.

Results
Our research showed that the evolution of TLP genes was influenced not only by whole-genome duplication (WGD) and dispersed duplication (DSD) but also by transposed duplication (TRD), which has been neglected in previous research. For TLP family size, we found an evolutionary pattern of progressive shrinking in the grass family. Furthermore, the evolution of the TLP gene family was at least affected by evolutionary driving forces such as duplication, purifying selection, and base mutations.

Conclusions
This study presents the first comprehensive evolutionary analysis of the TLP gene family in grasses. We demonstrated that the TLP gene family is also influenced by a transposed duplication mechanism. Several new insights into the evolution of the TLP gene family are presented. This work provides a good reference for studying gene evolution and the origin of duplication.