bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tailoring energy barriers of Bloch-point-mediated transitions between topological spin textures
Authors: Li Yu , Zang Yuzhe , Chen Runze , Moutafis Christoforos 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Magnetic skyrmions are nanoscale spin textures that their thermal stability originates from the nontrivial topology in nature. Recently, a plethora of topological spin textures have been theoretically predicted or experimentally observed, enriching the diversity of the skyrmionic family. In this work, we theoretically demonstrate the stabilities of various topological spin textures against homochiral states in chiral magnets, including chiral bobbers, dipole strings, and skyrmion tubes. They can be effectively classified by the associated topological Hall signals. Multiple transition paths are found among these textures, mediated by Bloch-point singularities, and the topological protection property here can be manifested by a finite energy barrier with the saddle point corresponding to the Bloch-point creation/destruction. By carefully modulating the local property of a surface, such as interfacial DMI induced by breaking the structural symmetry, the energy landscape of a magnetic system can be tailored decisively. Significantly, the proposed scenario also enables the manipulation of stabilities and transition barriers of these textures, even accompanied by the discovery of ground-state chiral bobbers. This study may raise great expectations on the coexistence of topological spin textures as spintronics-based information carriers for future applications.
Research on Great Wall Section Protection and User VR Experience Innovation Based on GIS Data Visualization
Authors: Yanzhen Wang , Xiaofen Wang , Lihua Han 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
VR technology can enable users to be in a realistic virtual environment, thus bringing them an immersive experience. It has great charm and can effectively display scenes that are difficult to reproduce in real life. It can also be used in education and other fields. It has a wide range of applications and can bring great convenience. Under this background, this paper introduces GIS data visualization technology to complete the expansion of VR technology and apply it to the Great Wall section protection research project. This paper has improved a kind of VR system, which can meet the needs of human-computer interaction and create virtual avatars to achieve two-way communication between human and VR experience environment. This system design has the advantages of simple use and powerful functions, and is also the design goal of VR experience technology itself. The ease of use of the system is reflected in the visual clarity of interface interaction and system response speed. The practicality is reflected in the stability of system operation and the time required for users to complete feature functions. The security is reflected in the degree of protection of private data. The simulation results show that the system can effectively reduce the magnitude of data after processing and compressing the data set, thus reducing the processing time. Compared with the original processing method, it can be seen that the system improves significantly. By traversing the original dataset, the array can be effectively drawn, which greatly reduces the system processing time and improves the efficiency. In this paper, GIS data visualization technology and VR technology are integrated to complete the research of the Great Wall section protection project.
Prevention Strategy of Intra-articular Screw Penetration During Internal Fixation of Femoral Neck Fracture
Authors: Xu Xiaopei , Gong Maoqi , Liu Yang , Wang Dong , Diao Shuo , Wang Hanzhou , Gao Yuling , Lu Tianchao , Zhou Junlin , Lv Xin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective: This study obtains a specific fluoroscopic view by using geometric methods, which can detect whether there is unrecognized joint penetration (UJP) during the operation.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted including 52 patients with femoral neck fractures who underwent internal fixation with cannulated screw at the Department of Orthopedics of the xxx from January 2021 to June 2021. The specific fluoroscopic view that can detect the UJP is obtained by using the geometric method and correction formula. The accuracy and effectiveness of this special fluoroscopic view acquisition method were verified by preparing four femoral models of UJP.
Results: There were 21 patients (40.38%) with unrecognized screw penetration, and 5 patients (9.62%) occurred UJP. Among them, 3 patients occurred in the anterosuperior (AS) area (5.77%), 1 patient in the posterosuperior (PS) area, and 1 patient in the posteroinferior (PI) area (1.92%). In the research and verification of special fluoroscopic views, the lateral view was set as 0°, and the specific fluoroscopic view θ= arctan (M1O ′/M2O ′), if the screw is located in the anteroinferior (AI) and PS regions of the femoral head, it is a - θ °rollunder lateral view; If the screw is located in the area of AS and PI femoral head, it is a θ °rollover lateral view. In the validation experiment, using the above method, the UJP model of the four regions can find screw penetration in the specific fluoroscopic view.
Conclusion: In this study, a special fluoroscopy view can detect whether there is screw penetration during internal fixation of femoral neck fracture and effectively reduce the incidence of UJP.
Identification of Necroptosis-Related Gene TRAF5 as Potential Targets of Diagnosing Atherosclerosis and Assessing Its Stability
Authors: Peng Zhanli , Wang Kangjie , Wang Shenming , Wu Ridong , Yao Chen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in older patients and features progressive formation of plaques in vascular tissues. With the progression of atherosclerosis, plaque rupture may occur and cause stroke, myocardial infarction, etc. Different forms of cell death promote the formation of a necrotic core of the plaque, leading to rupture. Necroptosis is a type of programmed cell death that contributes to the development of cardiovascular disease. However, the role of necroptosis in AS has not yet been investigated.
Methods
The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was used to obtain gene expression profiles. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and necroptosis gene sets were used to identify necroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (NRDEGs). The NRDEGs were used to construct a diagnostic model and were further screened using least absolute shrinkage selection operator (LASSO) regression and random forest (RF) analysis. The discriminatory capacity of the NRDEGs was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Immune infiltration levels were estimated based on CIBERSORTx analysis. The GSE21545 dataset, containing survival information, was used to determine prognosis-associated genes. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses combined with survival analysis determined gene prognostic values. RNA and protein levels were detected by RT-qPCR and western blotting in arteriosclerosis obliterans(ASO) and normal vascular tissues. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were treated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) to develop cell models of advanced AS. The effects of protein knockdown on necroptosis were assessed by western blotting and flow cytometry. EdU and Cell Counting Kit-8 assays were used to examine cell proliferation.
Results
TNF Receptor Associated Factor 5 (TRAF5) was identified as a diagnostic marker for AS based on the AUC value in both the GSE20129 and GSE43292 datasets. According to differential expression analysis, LASSO regression analysis, RF analysis, univariate analysis, multivariate analysis, and gene-level survival analysis, TRAF5 was markedly associated with necroptosis in AS. Silencing TRAF5 promotes necroptosis and attenuates the proliferation of ox-LDL-induced cell models of advanced AS.
Conclusions
This study identified a diagnostic marker of necroptosis-related atherosclerosis, TRAF5, which can also be used to diagnose and assess atherosclerotic plaque stability. This novel finding has important implications in the diagnosis and assessment of plaque stability in atherosclerosis.
Promoting orderly access to health care: an empirical analysis based on the Chinese experience
Authors: Li Fei , Yang Yueran , Zhao Junjuan , Zhao Zerun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background and objective Creating an orderly medical treatment pattern is an important way to efficiently allocate and utilize medical resources to achieve health equity. China’s tiered health care delivery system is of great significance in promoting the formation of an orderly medical treatment pattern.
Methods This study constructs a theoretical framework from the three dimensions of service system level, policy orientation, and behavior utilization to explain the implementation path and service mode of a tiered health care delivery system. Based on this, we perform an empirical analysis to evaluate the actual flow of medical treatment of residents on whether the implementation of the tiered health care delivery system in China promotes the orderly medical treatment of residents.
Results China’s tiered health care delivery system has not yet created effective guidance for the orderly medical treatment of residents, and there is still a gap between the expected ideal and the existing.
Conclusion It is necessary to improve the quality of medical services based on the clear functional positioning of medical institutions, especially the capacity of grassroots services, and give play to the role of health departments and medical insurance departments to help promote tiered health care delivery system.
Comparison of rabbit corneal changes during different preservation techniques using Optisol-GS and airlift.
Authors: Tang DiYa , Uematsu Masafumi , Harada Kohei , Mohamed Yasser Helmy , Kusano Mao , Inoue Daisuke , Kitaoka Takashi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: A previous study has suggested that airlift condition is superior to Optisol-GS condition in preserving the limbal tissue of human cornea.
Purpose: To investigate a new preservation device that preserves the cornea while separating epithelial and endothelial areas. We compared the differences after preserving the corneal epithelium in different conditions. Methods: 24 corneas of New Zealand rabbits were divided into 4 groups in which the corneal epithelia submersed in Optisol-GS or under airlift conditions for 1 and 2 weeks, (4°C). Transparency, OCT, H&E staining and epithelial migration tests were used to assess the corneal status.
Results: The epithelial migration examination showed statistical difference indicating that the epithelium had larger migration ability after airlift conditions. Corneas in the 1-week Optisol-GS group were the most transparent, followed by the 1-week airlift group. OCT showed progressive increase of corneal thickness till the end of the study. H&E staining results showed that the epithelial cells retained intact cellular structure and morphology of the cells for both the 1-week preserved groups. However, there was disruption of the corneal epithelial cell structure for both 2-week preserved groups.
Conclusion: Corneal epithelium preserved under hypothermic airlift conditions was comparable to that found for Optisol-GS conditions.
A proteomic study indicating susceptibility to excitotoxicity induced by the N-methyl-D- aspartate receptor hyperfunction as a potential mechanism underlying differences in cognitive function between males and females in a Thai healthy population
Authors: Chen Chen , Khanthiyong Bupachad , Thaweetee-Sukjai Benjamard , Charoenlappanit Sawanya , Roytrakul Sittiruk , Thanoi Samur , Reynolds Gavin P , Nudmamud-Thanoi Sutisa 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Intact cognitive function is dependent on the precise exchange of information between neurons. Sex differences in cognitive function exist, but they are not stable, undergoing dynamic change during the lifespan. However, our understanding of how sex-related neural information transmission evolves with age is still in its infancy. This study was designed to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying age-related sex differences in cognitive function in a Thai healthy population, as well as to determine the sex-dependent protein complexes for predicting cognitive aging. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) was performed to assess cognitive function in 199 Thai healthy subjects (aged 20–70 years). The results showed that males outperformed females in two of the five WCST sub-scores: %Corrects and %Errors, with a higher percentage of total corrects and a lower total errors rate. Sex differences in these scores were related to aging, and it became noticeable in those over 60. Moreover, the label-free proteomics method and bioinformatic analysis were also used to investigate the age-related alternations in the expression profiles of sex-specific neurotransmission-related proteins. According to the findings, differently expressed individual proteins and protein complexes between Thai healthy men and women were related to the potential excitotoxicity induced by N-methyl-D-aspartate type glutamate receptor (NMDAR) hyperfunction, with females might be more susceptible to such neurotoxicity, as indicated by their cognitive performance. The NMDAR complex was enriched exclusively in elderly female samples, implying that later in life, higher than optimal levels of NMDARs function and loss of estrogen neuroprotective, resulted in a loss of brain environment homeostasis and impaired cognitive function in elderly female subjects. This could explain why the sex differences in %Corrects and %Errors were only significant in the elderly group, and NMDAR protein complex enrichment in serum could be suggested as a potential indication for predicting cognitive aging in Thai healthy females.
Shotgun metagenomic analysis of the microbial communities and associated network of nitrogen metabolism genes in the Ryukyu limestone aquifer
Authors: Maruyama Rio , Yasumoto Ko , Mizusawa Nanami , Iijima Mariko , Yasumoto-Hirose Mina , Iguchi Akira , Hermawan Oktanius Richard , Hosono Takahiro , Takada Ryogo , Song Ke-Han , Shinjo Ryuichi , Watabe Shugo , Yasumoto Jun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
While microbial biogeochemical activities such as those involving denitrification and sulfate reduction have been considered to play important roles in material cycling in various aquatic ecosystems, our current understanding of the microbial community in groundwater ecosystems is remarkably insufficient. To assess the groundwater from three locations in the Ryukyu limestone aquifer of Okinawa Island, which is located in the southernmost region of Japan, we performed shotgun metagenomic analysis on the microbial communities at the three sites and screened for functional genes associated with nitrogen metabolism. Shotgun analysis showed that bacteria accounted for 90–98% of the microbial communities, which included archaea, eukaryotes and viruses, at all three sampling sites. The bacterial communities associated with nitrogen metabolism shifted by month at each site, indicating that this metabolism was accomplished not via specific bacteria but rather by the bacterial community as a whole. Interestingly, site 3 contained much higher levels of the denitrification genes narG/narH/nxrB, narG/narZ/nxrA, napA, nirK, norB and nosZ than the other two sites. This site was thought to have undergone denitrification that was driven by high quantities of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). In contrast, site 2 was characterized by a high nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) content and a low amount of DOC, and this site yielded a moderate amount of denitrification genes. Site 1 showed markedly low amounts of all nitrogen metabolism genes. Overall, nitrogen metabolism in the Ryukyu limestone aquifer was found to change based on environmental factors.
Intraesophageal Pressure in Patients Receiving Proximal Gastrectomy with Hinged Double Flap Method for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Saeki Y. , Tanabe Kazuaki , Chikuie E. , Ota H. , Ide R. , Takemoto Y. , Karakuchi N. , Miura O. , Toyama E. , Ohdan Hideki 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground Objective functional assessment of esophagogastric anastomosis in patients who underwent proximal gastrectomy with the hinged double flap method for gastric cancer has not been well investigated. This study aimed to perform a functional analysis of reconstruction using high-resolution impedance manometry (HRIM). Methods The subjects comprised 25 patients receiving proximal gastrectomy for gastric cancer between May 2015 and April 2020. Eligible questionnaires (Postgastrectomy Syndrome Assessment Scale − 37 [PGSAS-37]) were retrieved from 16 patients. The data of this study were compared with the values of the Japanese standard data from the PGSAS study. Results The quality of ingestion subscale had a significant influence on patients’ weight loss and weight loss rate one year after surgery (r = -0.874, p = 0.0048, r = -0.876, p = 0.0044, respectively). The amplitudes of distal esophageal peristaltic waves, contractile front velocity, and distal latency assessed by HRIM were almost normal after surgery. Most patients showed lower esophageal sphincter (LES) resting pressure within normal limits, whereas all patients showed abnormal LES residual pressure during swallowing-induced relaxation. However, high LES residual pressure during swallowing-induced relaxation did not attribute to deterioration the patients’ quality of life; the results of the PGSAS-37 score in this study were comparable to the values of patients who underwent proximal gastrectomy in Japan. Conclusions Proximal gastrectomy impaired swallowing-induced relaxation of LES. On the other hand, LES resting pressure created by the hinged double flap was maintained after surgery, and the postoperative outcome was good.
Antimicrobial activities and total phenolic contents of the sap of Pycnanthus angolensis and root of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta
Authors: Adu-Amankwaah Francis , Sam Hephzibah , Asare Chris Yaw , Mills-Robertson Felix Charles 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The death of many people in tropical countries can be attributed to microbial infection, probably, because synthetic antibiotics are failing in the treatment of these microbial infections, attributed to the ability of the microorganisms to mutate and adapt to harsh conditions. This study evaluated, in vitro, the antimicrobial activities, antioxidant potentials, and the total phenolic contents of aqueous and ethanol extracts of the root of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta (Lindl.) and the crude sap of Pycnanthus angolensis (Welw) using selected standard bacteria strains (S. aureus (ATCC 25923), S. saprophyticus (ATCC 15305), E. coli (ATCC 25922), S. typhi (ATCC 19430), P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), and P. mirabilis (ATCC 49565). The modified agar well diffusion method was used to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of the plant extracts. Chloramphenicol and tetracycline were used as positive controls. The extracts were also screened for specific phytochemicals and using the Folin Ciocalteu reagent test, their total phenolic contents were determined. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, and saponins in both Cryptolepis sanguinolenta and Pycnanthus angolensis. For the antimicrobial activities, all the test bacteria were susceptible to the crude sap of Pycnanthus angolensis except P. mirabilis. In the case of the Cryptolepis sanguinolenta, only S. aureus was susceptible to both aqueous and ethanol extracts. The total phenolic content, expressed in g/100g GAE, recorded values of 55.427 ± 4.248 for the crude sap of Pycnanthus angolensis, and 11.642 ± 4.248 and 26.888 ± 4.248 for the aqueous and ethanol extracts of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta, respectively. It was concluded that Cryptolepis sanguinolenta and Pycnanthus angolensis are excellent candidates for further development of antimicrobial agents in the fight against microbial infections given the pressing need for novel efficacious agents.
Efficiency measurement on teaching hospitals: an integrative review
Authors: Almeida Juliana Pascualote Lemos , Moreira Marina Figueiredo , Bermejo Paulo Henrique de Souza , Prata David Nadler 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The complexity of hospital management drives the improvement of scientific instruments available to measure their organizational efficiency. The incorporation of financial aspects as an agenda for the improvement of models for evaluating the efficiency of hospitals, and of the quality dimension have been indicated as gaps. Particularly, teaching hospitals are less profitable than other hospitals due to their teaching and research missions. Thus, this paper presents an integrative review of the literature about measuring the efficiency of teaching hospitals from 2011 to January 2023 to outline the main achievements, challenges, and recommendations in this research field.
Methods
We offer an integrative review across Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Inderscience, and Springer Link databases. The search in databases generated 384 records, after removing duplicates, and following the PRISMA guidelines, 30 studies were considered eligible for this study.
Results
The studies included in this review revealed the scarcity of evaluation models tailored to the reality of teaching hospitals. Data Envelopment Analysis is the most frequently used evaluation method. There is a greater occurrence of inputs related to personnel and the most frequent outputs were those related to the number of visits and surgeries. We did not identify quality-oriented inputs, but we observed outputs (service level, and medical service satisfaction). The economic-financial inputs are related to expenses and costs, and the outputs are related to revenue, profit, and Resource Intensity Weight.
Conclusions
This study contributed to the improvement of the research field by pointing a direction for the advance of the measurement models. It is recommendable a combination of economic-financial indicators and quality measures. Regarding the financial dimension, the recommendation is to analyze the Return on Investment, and in the scope of the quality dimension, to verify the staff inputs from the point of view of the quality of the workforce. Also, there is a broken path for future research to consider input-oriented to physical and technological structure to measure the efficiency of teaching hospitals. We recommend developing a specific model to measure the efficiency of teaching hospitals to target the limitations appointed in this study.