bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Level of satisfaction with the learning environment and transition to employment among health professions graduates at a Ugandan medical school
Authors: Ngonzi Joseph , Kintu Timothy Mwanje , Muganzi David Jolly , Kyagambiddwa Tonny , Atimango Lorna , Kihumuro Raymond Bernard , Bajunirwe Francis 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: To ensure training quality, medical training institutions must provide adequate learning environment and prepare trainees for work but there is research paucity on the subject. We determined the level of satisfaction with the learning environment and transition to employment among graduates of a Ugandan medical school.
Methods: We conducted an online cross-sectional survey among graduates of Mbarara University of Science and Technology medical school in Uganda, graduating between 1995 and 2020 between March - November 2022. We used Likert scales to measure satisfaction with the learning environment and assessed relevance of the training in transition to the job market. Participants were reached by snowballing and data was analyzed using R-Studio.
Results: A total of 361 graduates responded to the survey. Majority were male (72%) and reported having formal employment (94%). Most (57.4%) of the graduates were satisfied with the quality of teaching at medical school. In contrast, fewer graduates (31.2%) were satisfied with the state of the infrastructure at the university and the opportunities available to influence medical school policy. Majority (85%) utilized the knowledge and skills acquired at university in their current job and 75% were satisfied with their ability to perform well under pressure. However, only 37% and 25.4% reported that the medical school supported them in internship and employment search.
Conclusion: Students were satisfied with the teaching quality at the University and ability to perform well at their jobs but gaps exist in infrastructure and preparation for transition to jobs. Hence a need to improve infrastructure.
Boldness suppresses foraging behavior in food hoarding season and reduces over-wintering survival in a social rodent
Authors: Gan Lin , Tian Shuangjie , Wang Dehua , Liu Wei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The "pace-of-life" syndrome (POLS) framework can encompass multiple personality axes that drive important functional behaviors (e.g., foraging behavior) and that co-vary with multiple metabolic and/or life history traits. However, the empirical evidence for the relationships between animal personality and foraging strategies remains unclear, including their fitness consequences in the POLS framework. Therefore, the POLS hypothesis might be limited, and the environmental context could influence this linkage. In this study, the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus), a social rodent, was used as a model system to investigate how boldness or shyness is associated with foraging strategies in the food hoarding season and over-wintering survival or reproduction at individual and group levels.
Results
Our results showed that bold and shy gerbils had different foraging strategies and over-wintering adaptations. Compared with shy gerbils, bold gerbils had a lower effort foraging strategy, including higher latency, less frequency, and shorter duration when foraging during the food hoarding season, and exhibited lower over-wintering survival, but bold-shy personality differences had no effect on over-wintering reproduction.
Conclusion
These findings suggest that animal personality is a key factor that affects the foraging strategy during the food hoarding season in Mongolian gerbils. Personality may be related to energy states or the reaction to environmental change (e.g., predation risk, food availability) in bold or shy social animals. These results reflect animal life history trade-offs between "current versus future reproduction" and "reproduction versus self-maintenance", thereby helping Mongolian gerbils adapt to seasonal fluctuations in their living environment.
Medication persistence among persons with multiple sclerosis in Slovenia treated with dimethyl fumarate: a retrospective observational cohort study
Authors: Jozef Maj , Locatelli Igor , Jakob Gregor Brecl , Kos Mitja , Rot Uroš 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

BackgroundMultiple sclerosis is a chronic, demyelinating inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. Medication persistence is an interval between initiation and last dose of a medication, followed by discontinuation of the applied medication.AimThe aim of this observational study was to evaluate Medication persistence and discontinuation reasons in Slovenian persons with multiple sclerosis treated with dimethyl fumarate.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, we evaluated persons with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis treated with dimethyl fumarate as an initial monotherapy or switched from injectable disease modifying therapy medication during 2014 and 2021. Medication dispenses were extracted from Slovenian National Institute of Public Health Outpatient Medication Database. Medication persistence criterion was based on treatment gap. Patients exceeding a 60-day gap were considered nonpersistent. The mean time to discontinuation was assessed using survival analyses. Considering discontinuation reasons, patients were further divided into safety and inefficacy group. The impact of confounders was evaluated by Cox regression.ResultsA total of 259 patients were included (176 women, mean age 37 years). During the 7-year follow-up period, 118 patients discontinued treatment. The mean time to discontinuation was 5.6 years. After 1 and 2 years of treatment, 85% and 77% of patients were found to be persistent, respectively. Age 30 and above was significantly related to higher medication persistence (P = 0.006).ConclusionThe results of our study proved high persistence rate among our patients. The most frequent discontinuation reason was gastrointestinal adverse effects. Medication persistence requires interventions in younger patients with unstable disease course.
A Selective Hybrid Parallel Double Self-Attention Net: Lane Mark Detection Model for Autonomous Driving
Authors: Fan Shengli , Zhang Yuzhi , Lu Shengrong , Bi Xiaohui 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
At the moment, research is focusing on autonomous driving. Researchers are focusing on it more and more. In several autonomous tasks, such as lane keep assistant, lane follow, highway helper, and so on, lane mark detection is crucial. The planner and controller, in addition to those, are also heavily dependent on it. Therefore, there are high criteria for not only its detection accuracy but also its detection speed. But it has a lot of difficult issues. For instance, lane markings come in a variety of colors, line kinds, and patterns. In addition, there will be an impact on lane mark detection from bright light, shadow, erosion, and traffic. Our research proposes a novel lane mark detection net as a solution to these problems. To increase the receptive field while preventing the gridding effect, it employs hybrid dilated convolution. We also suggest simultaneous twofold attention to obtain global and contextual information from spatial and neighboring channels. In some difficult situations, it can overcome obstacles. We use the Tusimple and the CULane datasets as our benchmarks for verification. The accuracy in the Tusimple dataset is the greatest among [15,49,51-53,62-64,66] at 96.04%. In the CULane dataset, our suggested model gets 73.39% in F1, which is the highest result, particularly in difficult scenarios. In the Tusimple and CULane datasets, our suggested approach obtains the best performance possible in terms of accuracy.
Ontology-driven machine learning applications for public policy analysis from social media data: A systematic literature review
Authors: Kero ADMAS ABTEW , Demissie Dait , Kekeba Kula 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
With the widespread use of social media platforms for various purposes, including political discussions, public opinion on policy issues can be inferred from social media data. Ontology-driven machine learning techniques have been applied to extract relevant information from such data for public policy analysis. In this systematic literature review (SLR), we aim to identify the current state-of-the-art in ontology-driven machine learning applications for public policy analysis from social media data. We conducted a comprehensive search for relevant studies published in peer-reviewed journals and conference proceedings up to May 2023. After screening and selection, we included 35 studies in the final review. Our review revealed that ontology-based approaches are commonly used for information extraction and entity recognition, while machine learning algorithms are employed for sentiment analysis, topic modeling, and policy issue identification. The review also highlighted the importance of domain-specific ontologies and labeled training datasets in achieving higher accuracy in policy analysis. Furthermore, we identified research gaps in the application of ontology-driven machine learning techniques for public policy analysis in non-English languages and for policy evaluation. Overall, this SLR provides insights into the current research trends, challenges, and opportunities in ontology-driven machine learning applications for public policy analysis from social media data.
A biomarker panel of C-reactive protein, procalcitonin and serum amyloid A is a predictor of sepsis in severe trauma patients: a case control study
Authors: Li Mei , Qin Yan-jun , Zhang Xin-liang , Zhang Chun-hua , Ci Rui-juan , Hu De-zheng , Dong Shi-min 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background Severe trauma could induce sepsis due to the loss of control of the infection, which may eventually lead to death. Accurate and timely diagnosis of sepsis with severe trauma remains challenging both for clinician and laboratory. Combinations of markers, as opposed to single ones, may improve diagnosis. We therefore compared the diagnostic characteristics of routinely used biomarkers of sepsis alone and in combination, trying to define a biomarker panel to predict sepsis in severe patients. Methods This prospective observational study included patients with severe trauma(ISS 16 or more) in the EICU at a university hospital. Blood samples were collected at 8 a.m. every day after admission to the EICU, until the day included patients were transferred out of EICU. Plasma levels of PCT, CRP, IL-6 and SAA were measured using commercial ELISA kits. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the ability of the biomarkers to identify the possibility of sepsis in the enrolled patients. Logistic regression models were used to identify independent risk factors for sepsis. Results A total of 100 patients were eligible for analysis. Of these, 52 were diagnosed with sepsis. CRP yielded the highest discriminative value with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.82 (82% confidence interval [CI], 0.73–0.91; P<0.001), followed by PCT (AUC 0.77 [0.68–0.86]; P<0.001). Whereas, in multiple logistic regression, SAA, CRP, and PCT were found to be independent predictors of sepsis. Bioscore which was composed of SAA, CRP, and PCT, with AUC=0.89(95%CI, 0.82-0.95), cut-off=0.28, sensitivity=0.77, specificity=0.9, P<0.001, was shown to be far superior to that of each individual biomarker taken individually. Conclusions Compared with single markers, the biomarker panel of PCT, CRP, and SAA was more predictive of sepsis in severe polytrauma patients.
Treatment of tequila vinasse mixed with domestic wastewater in two types of constructed wetlands
Authors: Montoya Arturo , Tejeda Allan , Sulbarán-Rangel Belkis , Zurita Florentina 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Tequila vinasse (TV) is a high-strength effluent generated during the production of tequila, with a chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration of up to 74 g/L. In this study, the treatment of TV was evaluated in a 27-week study in two types of constructed wetlands (CWs), namely horizontal subsurface flow wetlands (HSSFWs) and vertical upflow wetlands (VUFWs). The pre-settled and neutralized TV was diluted at 10, 20, 30, and 40% with domestic wastewater (DWW). Volcanic rock (tezontle) was used as the substrate and Arundo donax and Iris sibirica as emergent vegetation. The two systems showed similar high removal efficiencies for COD, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), true colour (TC), electrical conductivity (EC), and total nitrogen (TN). The highest average percentages of removal were obtained at 40% of dilution: 95.4 and 95.8% for COD, 98.1 and 98.2% for turbidity, 91.8 and 95.9% for TSS, and 86.5 and 86.4% for TC in the HSSFWs and the VUFWs, respectively. This study demonstrates the potential of CWs for TV treatment as a major step in a treatment system.
Penatalaksanaan Fisioterapi Post Operative Anterior Cruciate Ligament: Studi Kasus
Authors: Herman M. , Komalasari Dwi Rosella 
Published: June 2023

Cidera anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) merupakan rusaknya pada cruciate ligament yang merupakan jaringan yang menghubungkan tulang femur dan tulang tibia. Cidera ACL sering terjadi pada saat berolahraga atau bahkan saat melakukan kegiatan sehari-hari. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus untuk mengetahui efektifitas penatalaksanaan fisioterapi pada kasus ACL. Problematika pasien yaitu mengalami nyeri gerak dan tekan, keterbatasan Range of motion (ROM) lutut dan penurunan kekuatan otot. Penatalaksaan fisioterapi yang diberikan yaitu electrical stimulation, active mobilization, active resisted exercise. Setelah dilakukan program fisioterapi sebanyak 3 kali pertemuan diperoleh hasil adanya penurunan nyeri, peningkatan ROM pada lutut. Pemberian electrical stimulation, active mobilization, active resisted exercise dapat membantu menurunkan permasalahan pada post operative anterior cruciate ligament (ACL).
Hubungan antara Aktivitas Fisik dengan Indeks Massa Tubuh pada Remaja
Authors: Meila Alya Sukma Bakti , Bachtiar Farahdina , Condrowati Condrowati , Nazhira Fidyatul 
Published: June 2023

Aktivitas fisik diartikan sebagai gerakan tubuh yang dihasilkan oleh otot rangka manusia yang membutuhkan pengeluaran energi. Di era digital seperti saat ini, remaja cenderung kurang melakukan aktivitas fisik atau berolahraga. Kurangnya aktivitas fisik yang dilakukan oleh remaja dapat meningkatkan indeks massa tubuh. Semakin rendah aktivitas fisik seseorang, maka kemungkinan akan semakin besar pula peningkatan indeks massa tubuhnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dengan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) pada remaja. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian korelasional dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah remaja yang merupakan siswa di SMK Kesehatan Bhakti Insani Depok dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 93 orang. Parameter yang digunakan untuk mengukur aktivitas fisik menggunakan kuisioner IPAQ (International Physical Activity Questionnaire). Analisis data menggunakan SPSS 23. Hasil correlation coefficient antara aktivitas fisik dengan IMT sebesar 0,192 dengan nilai signifikansi 0,065 (p > 0,05). Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dengan IMT pada remaja.
ABILITY OF THE TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA NEGERI 5 MODEL PALU IN WRITING DESCRIPTIVE TEXT
Authors: Windari Ni Komang Ayu , Usman Sriati , Budi Budi 
Published: June 2023

This research aims to find out the ability of the tenth-grade students of SMA Negeri 5 Model Palu in writing descriptive text. This research used a quantitative research design. By using a random sampling technique, the sample was 30 students of class X MIPA4 and X MIPA6. Data were collected through a writing test. The data were analyzed by using Sudijono’s formula to get the mean scores of the students' ability in writing descriptive text. The result shows that the students' ability in writing descriptive text is in average level with the mean score 63. The mean score of each aspect of writing is different. The highest mean score is on content (84). The other mean scores of the writing aspects are organizing ideas (61), grammar (55), and mechanic (52). Based on these findings, it is suggested to the teachers to give more exercises to the students in order to increase their writing ability, particularly on writing system (grammar and mechanics).
USING HOMOPHONE GAMES TO IMPROVE PRONUNCIATION FOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT
Authors: Harsin Harsin , Rifiqoh Rifiqoh , Mashuri Mashuri 
Published: June 2023

The objective of this research is to prove that the use of homophone games can improve pronunciation of the eleventh grade students at SMKN 1 Sojol. This research applied pre-experimental research design. The sample of this research was 21 eleventh grade students of ATPH 1 (Agribisnis Tanaman Pangan dan Horticultura) as known as Agriculture major, consisting of 21 students. The sample was selected by using a purposive sampling technique. The data were collected by administering a pronunciation test conducted before and after treatment, called pre-test and post-test. The result of pre-test and post-test shows that the mean score of pre-test is 34.44, and the mean score of post-test is 76.19. The result of data is analyzed statically by applying t-test formula. The result of data analysis shows that the value of the t-counted is(4.30) was higher than the t-table value (1.725) by applying 0.05 level of significance and 20 degree of freedom (df) 21-1 =20. The implication of this finding is to the betterment of teaching pronunciation is that the teacher needs to use Homophone Games to improve students’ pronunciation.
Implementation of the principle of people’s power: doctrinal principles
Authors: Bysaga Yu. , Haruta V. , Byelov D. 
Published: June 2023

The publication examines the doctrinal principles on the forms of direct democracy and the existing problems regarding the exercise of power by the people. Based on the historical perspective of the analysis of European legislation in this area, ways of improving the Basic Law of Ukraine are proposed.
It was established that, despite the insignificant and contradictory support of the thinkers of the ancient world and the Middle Ages regarding the need to recognize the right of the people to cancel the legislative acts of the representative bodies of the state, this idea received significant development precisely in the era of the New Age, when the proclamation of people’s rule was accompanied by the establishment of parliamentarism, the authority and trust of which is constantly fell among the common people. It has been proven that the essence of such judgments was that modern democracy is based on the idea of popular sovereignty, that is, on the need to create such a system of state-legal relations that would ensure the primacy of law in all spheres of social relations and enable the people to exercise their right to be the source and basis state power precisely because of various forms of political participation in the state management of the country, one of which is participation in the exercise of judicial power.
It has been determined that the views of thinkers in support of forms of people’s power boil down to the fact that the right to limit state power is recognized as an inalienable, natural human right that belongs to them from birth. Therefore, people’s power itself is one of the means related to the system of checks and balances, and therefore helps not only the normal functioning of state authorities by exercising control over the actions of their representatives, but also the direct exercise of power by the people, which thereby helps to ensure the principle of popular sovereignty.
It has been established that today the practice of applying forms of direct democracy is significantly ahead of theoretical developments in this area. This very issue is voluminous, and at the same time there are a large number of gaps and contradictions in the possibility of constitutional consolidation of new forms of people’s rule.
Certain aspects of the application of individual and general measures in the execution of ECtHR judgments against Ukraine in family cases
Authors: Belikova A. 
Published: June 2023

The article examines separate aspects of taking measures of an individual and general nature in the implementation of decisions of the European Court of Human Rights against Ukraine in family matters. Attention is paid to some features of the implementation of such decisions, in particular: the presence of the final decision of the Court as the status of an executive document; the introduction of a special procedure for the execution of the decision of the ECHR: application for execution by the state in the person of the representative body, payment of compensation to the debtor, adoption of additional measures of an individual and general nature, the obligation of the state to execute the decision of the Court in favor of the person (claimant) at the expense of the state budget; the existence of administrative, civil or criminal liability for non-implementation or improper implementation of the ECtHR decision; application of the supervisory mechanism of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe in case of failure to comply with the Court's decision. The Court's decision is subject to enforcement if it has the status of final in accordance with Part 2 of Art. 44 of the Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. The process of execution of the Court's decision, according to Art. 1 of the Law, provides for the taking of two types of measures: individual - payment to the debt collector of compensation for damage caused by the violation of the right guaranteed by the Convention, as well as restoration of the violated right, if possible (additional measures of an individual nature); of a general nature, aimed at eliminating violations of the Convention established by the Court's decision and deficiencies of a systemic nature.
The components of individual and general measures as the main mechanisms and the expediency of their adoption in the procedure for the execution of decisions of the European Court of Human Rights are analyzed. Fair satisfaction is singled out as a payment to the claimant of compensation, which includes material and moral damage and other monetary expenses. The legal grounds for taking general measures are given, the essence of which is to solve the systemic problem and its root causes, which led to the violation of the applicant's rights, and were recognized by the ECtHR as contrary to the provisions of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. The research was carried out taking into account the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights and the Grand Chamber of the Supreme Court, which confirm the expediency and effectiveness of adopting measures of an individual nature.