bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydration effects of insoluble soybean fiber (ISF) on rheological properties and freeze–thaw stability of ISF concentrated emulsions
Authors: Cai Yongjian , Huang Lihua , Zhao Qiangzhong , Zhao Dongrui , Zhao Mouming , Van der Meeren Paul 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDConcentrated emulsions have been formulated in many foods. The insoluble soybean fiber (ISF) can be utilized as a particle to stabilize concentrated emulsions. However, the approach to control the rheological properties and stability of the ISF concentrated emulsions is still worth investigating.RESULTSIn this study, alkali‐extracted ISF was hydrated by adding sodium chloride or heating and the prepared concentrated emulsions were subjected to freeze–thawing. Compared with the original hydration method, salinization reduced the absolute ζ‐potential of the ISF dispersions to 6 mV, resulting in a lower absolute ζ‐potential of the concentrated emulsions, which led to a decreased electrostatic repulsion and the largest droplet size, but to the lowest apparent viscosity, viscoelastic modulus, and stability. By contrast, hydration by heating promoted the interparticle interactions, and then a decreased droplet size (54.5 μm) but with a more densely distributed droplets was observed, together with enhanced viscosity and viscoelasticity properties. The fortified network structure improved the stability of the concentrated emulsions both against high‐speed centrifugation and long‐term storage. Additionally, secondary emulsification after freeze–thaw further improved the performance of the concentrated emulsions.CONCLUSIONThe results suggest that the formation and stability of the concentrated emulsion could be regulated by different hydration methods of particles, which could be adjusted according to the practical applications. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Is transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy safe for total thyroidectomy compared to open thyroidectomy? A propensity‐score matched cohort study with papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Li Yujun , Liu Zhaodi , Wang Yong , Yu Xing , Wang Tiantian , Xiang Cheng , Wang Ping 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundTransoral endoscopic thyroidectomy via vestibular approach (TOETVA) has become increasingly popular in the treatment of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). This study aimed to describe the safety and feasibility of total thyroidectomy between the TOETVA and open thyroidectomy (OT) approaches for the treatment of patients with PTC.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 780 consecutive patients suffering from PTC that had undergone total thyroidectomy using TOETVA (n = 107) and OT (n = 673) between April 2016 and December 2021 at our institute. Afterward, a total of 101 matched patients' surgical outcomes were compared using propensity score matching (PSM) analysis.ResultsBefore PSM, the patients in the TOETVA group were younger (p < 0.001), had a lower body mass index (p < 0.001) and a greater female population (p < 0.001). After PSM, the TOETVA group was associated with significantly longer operative time (p < 0.001), greater blood loss (p < 0.001), total drainage amount (p < 0.001), higher C‐reaction protein level (p < 0.001), better cosmetic satisfaction (p < 0.001) and quality of life (p < 0.001) and lower scar self‐consciousness (p < 0.001). There was no statistical difference between the groups in the rate of parathyroid autotransplantation and bilateral lymph node dissection, the positivity of lymph node metastasis, number of dissected lymph nodes and positive lymph nodes, multifocality, postoperative level of blood calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH), rate of PTH < 15 ng/mL, visual analog scale score, duration of hospital stay, complications, mean thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)‐stimulated Tg level before radioactive iodine, mean Tg level without TSH stimulation, and the proportion of serum Tg level of <1.ConclusionTOETVA is a safe and feasible technique for better cosmetic effects and similar surgical outcomes compared to conventional open surgery for the studied patients that required total thyroidectomy.
Very low Omega‐3 Index in young healthy students from Palestine
Authors: Almasri Feras , Badrasawi Manal , Zahdeh Rana , Hahn Andreas , Schuchardt Jan Philipp , Greupner Theresa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOily fish is rich in long‐chain omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which have been associated with several health benefits. However, fish consumption is generally low in many countries, including the Middle East, resulting in low omega‐3 blood levels. In Palestine, no data on the omega‐3 blood status is available. The aim of this cross‐sectional study was to assess the omega‐3 status and related factors in young healthy subjects from Palestine. Omega‐3 status was assessed using the Omega‐3 Index—defined as the sum of EPA + DHA in relation to the total fatty acid content of erythrocytes. A total of 149 subjects, 50 males and 99 females (age range: 18–24 years), were included in the study. In addition to the Omega‐3 Index, data on anthropometrics, physical activity, smoking status, fish intake, dietary supplement intake, blood lipid profile, and whole erythrocyte fatty acid pattern were collected. The mean (SD) Omega‐3 Index was 2.56 (0.57)%, with 97.9% of subjects having an index below 4%. The majority of participants (91.8%) consumed less than two portions of fish per week, and only 4% reported taking omega‐3 supplements, mostly irregularly. Our findings show that young Palestinian students have an alarmingly low omega‐3 status. Further studies are needed to investigate whether the omega‐3 status is also low in the general Palestinian population.
Singularity formation to the 2D Cauchy problem of nonbarotropic magnetohydrodynamic equations without heat conductivity
Authors: Zhong Xin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe question of whether the two‐dimensional (2D) nonbarotropic compressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations with zero heat conduction can develop a finite‐time singularity from smooth initial data is a challenging open problem in fluid dynamics and mathematics. Such a problem is interesting in studying global well‐posedness of solutions. In this paper, we proved that, for the initial density allowing vacuum states, the strong solution exists globally if the density and the pressure are bounded from above. Our method relies on weighted energy estimates and a Hardy‐type inequality.
FTO promotes the progression of cervical cancer by regulating the N6‐methyladenosine modification of ZEB1 and Myc
Authors: Wang Aihong , Jin Canhui , Wang Ying , Yu Juanjuan , Wang Ruifang , Tian Xiaoyu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCervical cancer is a malignant tumor of the cervix in women. However, the pathogenesis of cervical cancer has not been fully understood. N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) is a kind of RNA modification that plays a critical role in cancer development. We aim to find out the possible m6A regulatory mechanism of the fat mass and obesity‐associated protein (FTO) on the development of cervical cancer. The proliferative capacity of cervical cancer cells was detected by 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)−2,5‐diphenyl‐2H‐tetrazolium bromide (MTT), colony formation and 5‐ethynyl‐20‐deoxyuridine (EdU) staining. The migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells were determined by transwell assay. The function of FTO on tumor growth was evaluated by a xenograft model. We found that FTO was highly expressed in cervical cancer tissues and cell lines. FTO silencing suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cervical cancer cells. Mechanistically, FTO modulated the m6A modification of Zinc finger E‐box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) and Myelocytomatosis oncogene (Myc). Furthermore, ZEB1 and Myc overexpression reverse the effect of FTO knockdown on the malignant behaviors of cervical cancer cells. FTO may be a novel therapeutic target for cervical cancer.
Confucianism and corporate environmental protection investment: Evidence from heavily polluting listed companies in China
Authors: Guo Qianghua , Wei Yidan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the influence of Confucianism on corporate environmental protection investment among heavily polluting companies in China from 2013 to 2020. We find that Confucianism is positively associated with corporate environmental protection investment. This correlation is mainly reflected in preventive environmental protection investment. Mechanism tests reveal that Confucianism promotes corporate environmental protection investment by increasing environmental legitimacy pressure. Additionally, in areas with a high environmental regulation level, Confucianism plays a stronger role in promoting corporate environmental protection investment. These findings illustrate the factors that influence corporate environmental protection investment and provide insights into the impact of Confucianism on corporate behavior.
A two‐step matrix splitting iteration paradigm based on one single splitting for solving systems of linear equations
Authors: Bai Zhong‐Zhi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFor solving large sparse systems of linear equations, we construct a paradigm of two‐step matrix splitting iteration methods and analyze its convergence property for the nonsingular and the positive‐definite matrix class. This two‐step matrix splitting iteration paradigm adopts only one single splitting of the coefficient matrix, together with several arbitrary iteration parameters. Hence, it can be constructed easily in actual applications, and can also recover a number of representatives of the existing two‐step matrix splitting iteration methods. This result provides systematic treatment for the two‐step matrix splitting iteration methods, establishes rigorous theory for their asymptotic convergence, and enriches algorithmic family of the linear iteration solvers, for the iterative solutions of large sparse linear systems.
Gene therapy for pediatric genetic kidney diseases
Authors: Lu Yi , Song Yandong , Sun Shaokai , Zhang Lirong , Chen Yupeng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGenetic kidney disease is the main cause of chronic kidney disease in children. While the pathogenic genes associated with most genetic kidney diseases have been identified, the underlying mechanisms of disease initiation remain ambiguous, and effective treatment modalities are limited. Gene therapy has emerged as a promising approach for treating genetic diseases. Several gene therapy drugs have been successfully launched to treat genetic diseases affecting the eyes and muscles. However, the development of gene therapy agents for kidney diseases lags behind that of other genetic disorders. In this review, we first comprehensively summarize the main gene therapy strategies. Next, we provide an overview of current treatment options as well as the latest research on gene therapy approaches for pediatric genetic kidney diseases with a particular emphasis on Alport syndrome and polycystic kidney disease. Finally, we discuss the challenges and potential solutions for gene therapy of pediatric genetic kidney diseases.
Immunogenicity of coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines in children: A review with ChatGPT
Authors: Leung Daniel , Rosa Duque Jaime , Tu Wenwei , Lau Yu Lung 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSARS‐CoV‐2 causes millions of infection cases and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19)‐related deaths worldwide. In addition to acute illnesses, children and adolescents suffer from post‐infectious complications. Vaccination is a promising preventative treatment that can confer protection from these devastating outcomes. Utilizing ChatGPT, this review discusses the immunogenicity of mRNA and inactivated COVID‐19 vaccines in children and adolescents. Rapid vaccine discovery during the COVID‐19 pandemic led to the approval of the mRNA vaccines that stimulate potent antibody responses in pediatric population, and the younger age groups develop higher neutralizing and non‐neutralizing antibody responses than those who are older. Natural infection induces weaker antibody responses than vaccination. Vaccine‐induced humoral immunity decreases over time, as antibodies decline six months after the second dose. However, antibody avidity increases, which partly maintains neutralization and Fc‐effector functions that provide more durable protection. Inactivated COVID‐19 vaccines generate strong antibody responses in children and adolescents. They induce T cell responses against multiple structural protein antigens, although their neutralizing antibody responses appear weaker and wane more quickly than mRNA vaccines. Full‐dose intradermal administration and heterologous prime‐boost may improve the immunogenicity of inactivated vaccines. In children and adolescents, immune protection from the pre‐Omicron variants of concern (VOCs) is maintained. Vaccination induces less antibody neutralization against the Omicron variant, but non‐neutralizing antibodies and T cell responses persist. Hybrid immunity provides stronger immunogenicity against SARS‐CoV‐2 in the pediatric population. Future research must focus on long‐term immunity, interaction with breakthrough reinfections, cross‐reactivity against new VOCs, T cell immunogenicity and immunogenicity in young children.
Influence of external electric field on structure, spectra and various properties of 3‐Chlorothieno[2,3‐b]pyridine‐2‐carbonitrile using density functional theory
Authors: Yaping Tao , Mingzhu Su , Renyong Xu , Jinfan Ai , Weiying Zhang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThiophene and pyridine compounds are widely used in medicine, pesticides, and material fields, and study of their physical and chemical changes under an external electric field (EEF) will improve a deep understanding of their properties. In this work, we selected 3‐Chlorothieno[2,3‐b]pyridine‐2‐carbonitrile (CPC) as the representative and explored the structure, total energy, dipole moment, Hirshfeld charge, molecular electrostatic potential, infrared, Raman, and UV‐Vis spectra of CPC under EEF through density functional theory (DFT). The calculations indicated that the bond length, the bond angle, total energy, dipole moment, and energy gap of CPC are strongly affected by EEF. Infrared, Raman, and UV‐Vis spectra showed stark vibration effects with increasing EFF. Our results provide a basis for further applications of CPC with and without EEF.
Adaptive control for stochastic nonlinear systems with time‐varying delays via multidimensional Taylor network
Authors: Yan Hong‐Sen , Wang Guo‐Biao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractControl of stochastic nonlinear systems turns out to be notoriously difficult when stochastic uncertainties and time‐varying delays occur simultaneously. This article presents a tractable adaptive control scheme for the stochastic nonlinear system with time‐varying delays. To mitigate the effects of stochastic uncertainties, an adaptive embedded cubature Kalman filter is developed to realize the robust estimation of the state. Unlike the conventional cubature Kalman filter with fixed construction, a semi‐definite programming is designed to adjust the weights of cubature points dynamically. Such programming guarantees the positive definiteness of the error covariance matrix, which enhances the reliability of the filtering procedure. Based on more accurate state estimations, the multidimensional Taylor network (MTN) is utilized to evaluate the dynamic performance under time‐varying delays and approximate the optimal policy in the deterministic policy gradient framework. Adaptive tracking control with high computational efficiency is achieved due to the concise topological structure of MTN. The exponential convergence of the state estimation error and the semi‐globally uniform ultimate boundness of the tracking error are verified theoretically. The effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed by a numerical simulation based on a practical electric industrial system.
Security control based on variable‐step predictive approach for networked control system with denial‐of‐service attacks
Authors: Li Hongchao , Gao Hongjie , Zuo Zhiqiang , Liu Jiao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the variable‐step predictive control problem for networked control system (NCS) with denial‐of‐service (DoS) attacks and model uncertainty. An event‐based variable‐step predictive scheme determined by accumulated error is firstly formulated to compensate the impact of DoS attacks. Based on the presence of DoS attacks and predictive control signals, NCS with DoS attacks is divided into three different operation modes and is described by switching system. With the above prediction scheme and system model, sufficient conditions are derived for ensuring the stability of the underlying system. Finally, an example is given to verify the validity of the theoretical results.
The coherence between resource investment and performance for sustainable development goals in Taiwan cities: A hybrid influence analysis
Authors: Chan Ya‐Ting , Wu Cou‐Chen , Wu Kuo‐Jui , Chiu Anthony S. F. , Tseng Ming‐Lang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study contributes to visualizing the complicated interrelationships among the sustainable development goals (SDGs) in Taiwanese cities' resource investment and performance under uncertainties. Taiwan faces bottlenecks and uncertainties in pursuing the SDGs due to the complex interrelationships among the SDGs. In particular, the lack of a comprehensive approach causes problems for governments in identifying whether resource investment and performance reach a coherent situation. To address this issue, this study proposes to use secondary data normalization, factor analysis and reliability testing for the validity and reliability of measures, performance‐resource analysis and the fuzzy synthetic method to translate qualitative information, as well as the decision‐making trial and evaluation laboratory to visualize the relationships. The study (1) establishes validation measures for resource investment and performance; (2) combines qualitative information and secondary data to understand the causal effects of the SDGs; and (3) provides directions for the government to improve the coherence of resource investment and performance. The findings show that SDG 3 has a strong effect on SDGs 11 and 9 and a moderate effect on SDG 8 to achieve the agenda. Guidelines are provided for resource‐poor counties/regions that could invest resources to achieve SDG 3. Many cities and counties are underperforming.
Magnetically Powered Immunogenic Macrophage Microrobots for Targeted Multimodal Cancer Therapy
Authors: Li Yangyang , Cong Zhaoqing , Xie Leiming , Tang Songsong , Ren Chunyu , Peng Xiqi , Tang Daitian , Wan Fangchen , Han Hong , Zhang Xueji , Gao Wei , Wu Song 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMotile microrobots open a new realm for disease treatment. However, the concerns of possible immune elimination, targeted capability and limited therapeutic avenue of microrobots constrain its practical biomedical applications. Herein, a biogenic macrophage‐based microrobot loaded with magnetic nanoparticles and bioengineered bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), capable of magnetic propulsion, tumor targeting, and multimodal cancer therapy is reported. Such cell robots preserve intrinsic properties of macrophages for tumor suppression and targeting, and bioengineered OMVs for antitumor immune regulation and fused anticancer peptides. Cell robots display efficient magnetic propulsion and directional migration in the confined space. In vivo tests show that cell robots can accumulate at the tumor site upon magnetic manipulation, coupling with tumor tropism of macrophages to greatly improve the efficacy of its multimodal therapy, including tumor inhibition of macrophages, immune stimulation, and antitumor peptides of OMVs. This technology offers an attractive avenue to design intelligent medical microrobots with remote manipulation and multifunctional therapy capabilities for practical precision treatment.
Direct Observation of Contact Reaction Induced Ion Migration and its Effect on Non‐Ideal Charge Transport in Lead Triiodide Perovskite Field‐Effect Transistors
Authors: Zhang Youcheng , Ummadisingu Amita , Shivanna Ravichandran , Tjhe Dionisius Hardjo Lukito , Un Hio‐Ieng , Xiao Mingfei , Friend Richard H. , Senanayak Satyaprasad P. , Sirringhaus Henning 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe migration of ionic defects and electrochemical reactions with metal electrodes remains one of the most important research challenges for organometal halide perovskite optoelectronic devices. There is still a lack of understanding of how the formation of mobile ionic defects impact charge carrier transport and operational device stability, particularly in perovskite field‐effect transistors (FETs), which tend to exhibit anomalous device characteristics. Here, the evolution of the n‐type FET characteristics of one of the most widely studied materials, Cs0.05FA0.17MA0.78PbI3, is investigated during repeated measurement cycles as a function of different metal source–drain contacts and precursor stoichiometry. The channel current increases for high work function metals and decreases for low work function metals when multiple cycles of transfer characteristics are measured. The cycling behavior is also sensitive to the precursor stoichiometry. These metal/stoichiometry‐dependent device non‐idealities are correlated with the quenching of photoluminescence near the positively biased electrode. Based on elemental analysis using electron microscopy the observations can be understood by an n‐type doping effect of metallic ions that are created by an electrochemical interaction at the metal–semiconductor interface and migrate into the channel. The findings improve the understanding of ion migration, contact reactions, and the origin of non‐idealities in lead triiodide perovskite FETs.
A Newly Crosslinked‐double Network PEDOT:PSS@PEGDMA toward Highly‐Efficient and Stable Tin‐Lead Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Kong Tengfei , Song Jing , Zhang Yang , Lim Eng Liang , Liu Xufu , Tress Wolfgang , Bi Dongqin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUntil now, poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrensulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is widely used in Sn–Pb perovskite solar cells (PSCs) due to its many advantages, including high optical transparency, suitable conductivity, superior wettability, and so on. However, the acidic and hydroscopic properties of the PSS component, as well as the incongruous energy level of the hole transport layer (HTL), may lead to unsatisfying interface properties and decreased device performance. Herein, by adding polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) into PEDOT:PSS, a newly crosslinked‐double‐network obtain of PEDOT:PSS@PEGDMA film, which could not only optimize nucleation and crystallinity of Sn–Pb perovskite films, but also suppress defect density and optimize energy level alignment at the HTL/perovskite interface. As a result, the achieves highly efficient and stable mixed Sn–Pb PSCs with an encouraging power conversion efficiency of 20.9%. Additionally, the device can maintain good stability under N2 atmosphere.
3D Strain Measurement of Heterostructures Using the Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy Moiré Depth Sectioning Method
Authors: Wen Huihui , Zhang Hongye , Peng Runlai , Liu Chao , Liu Shuman , Liu Fengqi , Xie Huimin , Liu Zhanwei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe mechanical properties of micro‐ and nanoscale materials directly determine the reliability of heterostructures, microstructures, and microdevices. Therefore, an accurate evaluation of the 3D strain field at the nanoscale is important. In this study, a scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) moiré depth sectioning method is proposed. By optimizing the scanning parameters of electron probes at different depths of the material, the sequence STEM moiré fringes (STEM‐MFs) with a large field of view, which can be hundreds of nanometers obtained. Then, the 3D STEM moiré information constructed. To some extent, multi‐scale 3D strain field measurements from nanometer to the submicrometer scale actualized. The 3D strain field near the heterostructure interface and single dislocation accurately measured by the developed method.