bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reprogramming of glucose metabolism via PFKFB4 is critical in FGF16-driven invasion of breast cancer cells
Authors: Kar Swarnali , Maji Nilanjana , Sen Kamalika , Roy Stuti , Maity Atanu , Ghosh Dastidar Shubhra , Nath Somsubhra , Basu Gautam , Basu Moitri 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are expressed in both developing and adult tissues and play important roles in embryogenesis, tissue homeostasis, angiogenesis, and neoplastic transformation. Here, we report the elevated expression of FGF16 in human breast tumor and investigate its potential involvement in breast cancer progression. The onset of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), a prerequisite for cancer metastasis, was observed in human mammary epithelial cell-line MCF10A by FGF16. Further study unveiled that FGF16 alters mRNA expression of a set of extracellular matrix genes to promote cellular invasion. Cancer cells undergoing EMT often show metabolic alteration to sustain their continuous proliferation and energy-intensive migration. Similarly, FGF16 induced a significant metabolic shift toward aerobic glycolysis. At the molecular level, FGF16 enhanced GLUT3 expression to facilitate glucose transport into cells, which through aerobic glycolysis generates lactate. The bi-functional protein, 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2, 6-bisphosphatase 4 (PFKFB4) was found to be a mediator in FGF16-driven glycolysis and subsequent invasion. Furthermore, PFKFB4 was found to play a critical role in promoting lactate-induced cell invasion since silencing PFKFB4 decreased lactate level and rendered the cells less invasive. These findings support potential clinical intervention of any of the members of FGF16-GLUT3-PFKFB4 axis to control the invasion of breast cancer cells.
An advanced discrete‐time RNN for handling discrete time‐varying matrix inversion: Form model design to disturbance‐suppression analysis
Authors: Shi Yang , Shi Qiaowen , Cao Xinwei , Li Bin , Sun Xiaobing , Gerontitis Dimitrios K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTime‐varying matrix inversion is an important field of matrix research, and lots of research achievements have been obtained. In the process of solving time‐varying matrix inversion, disturbances inevitably exist, thus, a model that can suppress disturbance while solving the problem is required. In this paper, an advanced continuous‐time recurrent neural network (RNN) model based on a double integral RNN design formula is proposed for solving continuous time‐varying matrix inversion, which has incomparable disturbance‐suppression property. For digital hardware applications, the corresponding advanced discrete‐time RNN model is proposed based on the discretisation formulas. As a result of theoretical analysis, it is demonstrated that the advanced continuous‐time RNN model and the corresponding advanced discrete‐time RNN model have global and exponential convergence performance, and they are excellent for suppressing different disturbances. Finally, inspiring experiments, including two numerical experiments and a practical experiment, are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the advanced discrete‐time RNN model for solving discrete time‐varying matrix inversion with disturbance‐suppression.
Fast estimation of direction of arrival based on sparse Bayesian learning for towed array sonar during manoeuvring
Authors: Pan Xiang , Zhang Zican , Li Yuxiao , Xu Weize 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFor improving performance of the towed array sonar during the manoeuvring period, a processing framework is proposed based on joint estimation of direction of arrival (DOA) and the array shape. The sparse Bayesian learning (SBL) algorithm is utilised to accurately estimate the DOAs of interesting targets. Meanwhile, the towed array shape is modelled as a parabola array, and the array element positions are estimated using the bow of the parabola. Then, an approximate posterior covariance is implemented to the SBL for a fast converging speed required by practical applications. Besides, the co‐prime array structure is considered for the uniform linear array to further reduce the computational load. The numerical simulations have verified the effectiveness of the fast converging SBL method. MAPEX2000 experimental data processing results have shown that the proposed framework performs well in detection of weak targets during slow turns.
Urologie 2030: Die dringende Notwendigkeit die Digitalisierung in der Urologie schon jetzt voranzutreiben um die medizinische Versorgung aufrecht erhalten zu können – ein Expertenkonsens
Authors: Huber Johannes , Borgmann Hendrik , Miller Kurt , Merseburger Axel S. , Krege Susanne , Gratzke Christian 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDas deutsche Gesundheitswesen wird aufgrund des demografischen Wandels und damit
einhergehender steigender Patientenzahlen bei einem aber schon jetzt bestehenden Mangel an
medizinischem Fachpersonal eine große Herausforderung in der Patientenversorgung erleben. Um
diese auf hohem Niveau quantitativ und qualitativ halten zu können, sollte die Digitalisierung
der Urologie zeitnah und mit Nachdruck vorangetrieben werden, denn digitale Anwendungen, wie
Online-Terminvereinbarungen, Videosprechstunden, digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen (DiGAs), und
andere, könnten die Behandlungseffizienz deutlich verbessern. Die schon lange geplante
Einführung der elektronischen Patientenakte (ePA) wird diesen Prozess hoffentlich
beschleunigen und auch medizinische Online-Plattformen könnten mit fragebogenbasierter
Telemedizin zu einem festen Bestandteil neuer Behandlungsarten werden, die aus dem dringend
benötigten Strukturwandel – hin zu mehr digitaler Medizin – hervorgehen könnten. Dieser
Wandel, den das Gesundheitssystem schon jetzt dringend benötigt, muss vonseiten der
Leistungserbringer, aber unbedingt auch von Politik und Administration gefordert und gefördert
werden um die positive Entwicklung der Digitalisierung in der (urologischen) Medizin zu
erreichen.
Preclinical Cartilage Changes of the Knee Joint in Adolescent Competitive Volleyball Players: A Prospective T2 Mapping Study
Authors: Roth Christian , Hirsch Franz Wolfgang , Sorge Ina , Kiess Wieland , Jurkutat Anne , Witt Maren , Böker Eva , Gräfe Daniel 
Published: May 2023

Purpose To investigate the potential effects of volleyball as a competitive sport in adolescence on the cartilage of knee joints using T2 mapping in MRI and identification of preclinical cartilage changes. Volleyball as an impact sport often leads to damage of the knee joint cartilage in adulthood. As T2 mapping is widely available and highly capable of detecting cartilage changes prior to conventional MRI sequences, such a detection may allow adolescent volleyball players to change their training regime before structural damage can occur to the cartilage and pose the risk of osteoarthritis.
Materials and Methods Comparative study of the patellar, femoral, and tibial cartilage of 60 knee joints using T2 mapping on 3 T MRI. In each case, both knees of 15 adolescent competitive volleyball athletes were compared with 15 controls.
Results In the group of competitive athletes, more focal cartilage changes were detected in the medial facet of the patellofemoral cartilage and in the medial femoral condyle of the knee joint cartilage (p = .01 and p <.05, respectively). Furthermore, the latter showed a diffused increase in maximal T2 mapping values (p <.04 right and p = .05 left). The distribution of changes seems to further depend on the player’s position.
Conclusion In adolescent volleyball players in competitive sports, T2 mapping demonstrates early cartilage changes in both the patellofemoral and medial femoral cartilages. The distribution of lesions depends on the player’s position. Since the cascade from T2 relaxation time increase to conspicuous cartilage damage is well established, early counter-regulation (e. g., adapted training profile, targeted physiotherapy, and appropriate muscle building training) has the potential to prevent later damage.
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Modern preoperative imaging and functional mapping in patients with intracranial glioma
Authors: Sollmann Nico , Zhang Haosu , Kloth Christopher , Zimmer Claus , Wiestler Benedikt , Rosskopf Johannes , Kreiser Kornelia , Schmitz Bernd , Beer Meinrad , Krieg Sandro M. 
Published: May 2023

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in therapy-naïve intracranial glioma is paramount for neuro-oncological diagnostics, and it provides images that are helpful for surgery planning and intraoperative guidance during tumor resection, including assessment of the involvement of functionally eloquent brain structures. This study reviews emerging MRI techniques to depict structural information, diffusion characteristics, perfusion alterations, and metabolism changes for advanced neuro-oncological imaging. In addition, it reflects current methods to map brain function close to a tumor, including functional MRI and navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation with derived function-based tractography of subcortical white matter pathways. We conclude that modern preoperative MRI in neuro-oncology offers a multitude of possibilities tailored to clinical needs, and advancements in scanner technology (e. g., parallel imaging for acceleration of acquisitions) make multi-sequence protocols increasingly feasible. Specifically, advanced MRI using a multi-sequence protocol enables noninvasive, image-based tumor grading and phenotyping in patients with glioma. Furthermore, the add-on use of preoperatively acquired MRI data in combination with functional mapping and tractography facilitates risk stratification and helps to avoid perioperative functional decline by providing individual information about the spatial location of functionally eloquent tissue in relation to the tumor mass.
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Learning Sensory Nerve Coaptation in Free Flap Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Smeele Hansje P. , Beugels Jop , Kuijk Sander M. J. van , Hulst René R. W. J. van der , Tuinder Stefania M. H. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background The aims of this study were to assess whether sensory nerve coaptation in free flap breast reconstruction is subject to learning, and to elucidate challenges of this technique.
Methods In this single-center retrospective cohort study, we reviewed consecutive free flap breast reconstructions performed between March 2015 and August 2018. Data were extracted from medical records, and missing values were imputed. We assessed learning by exploring associations between case number and probability of successful nerve coaptation using a multivariable mixed-effects model. Sensitivity analysis was performed in a subgroup of cases with evidence of attempted coaptation. Recorded reasons for failed coaptation attempts were grouped into thematic categories. Multivariable mixed-effects models were used to examine associations between case number and postoperative mechanical detection threshold.
Results Nerve coaptation was completed in 250 of 564 (44%) included breast reconstructions. Success rates varied considerably between surgeons (range 21–78%). In the total sample, the adjusted odds of successful nerve coaptation increased 1.03-fold for every unit increase in case number (95% confidence interval 1.01–1.05, p < 0.05), but sensitivity analysis refuted this apparent learning effect (adjusted odds ratio 1.00, 95% confidence interval 1.00–1.01, p = 0.34). The most frequently recorded reasons for failed nerve coaptation attempts were inability to locate a donor or recipient nerve. Postoperative mechanical detection thresholds showed a negligible, positive association with case number (estimate 0.00, 95% confidence interval 0.00–0.01, p < 0.05).
Conclusion This study does not provide evidence in support of a learning process for nerve coaptation in free flap breast reconstruction. Nevertheless, the identified technical challenges suggest that surgeons may benefit from training visual search skills, familiarizing with relevant anatomy, and practicing techniques for achieving tensionless coaptation. This study complements prior studies exploring therapeutic benefit of nerve coaptation by addressing technical feasibility.
Potential for a Virtual Care Model in the Perioperative Management of Anticoagulant Therapy: A 5-Year Retrospective Clinic Review
Authors: Douketis James Luke , Schulman Sam 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background With a trend toward greater virtual care in selected clinical settings, perioperative anticoagulant management appears well suited for this care delivery model. We explored the potential for virtual care among patients who are receiving anticoagulant therapy and require perioperative management around the time of an elective surgery/procedure.
Methods We undertook a retrospective review of patients who were receiving anticoagulant therapy, either a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) or warfarin, assessed in a perioperative anticoagulation-bridging clinic over a 5-year period from 2016 to 2020. Using prespecified criteria, we determined the proportion of patients who likely would be suitable for virtual care (receiving a DOAC or warfarin and having a minimal- or low-/moderate-bleed-risk surgery/procedure), those who likely would be suitable for in-person care (receiving warfarin and requiring heparin bridging for a mechanical heart valve), and patients who would be suitable for either care delivery model (receiving a DOAC or warfarin, but not with a mechanical heart valve, and requiring a high-bleed-risk surgery/procedure).
Results During the 5-year study period, there were 4,609 patients assessed for perioperative anticoagulant management in whom the most widely used anticoagulants were warfarin (37%), apixaban (30%), and rivaroxaban (24%). Within each year assessed, 4 to 20% of all patients were undergoing a minimal-bleed-risk procedure, 76 to 82% were undergoing a low-/moderate-bleed-risk surgery/procedure, and 10 to 39% were undergoing a high-bleed-risk surgery/procedure. The proportion of patients considered suitable for virtual, in-person, or either virtual or in-person management was 79.6, 7.1, and 13.3%, respectively.
Conclusion In patients who were assessed in a perioperative anticoagulation clinic, there was a high proportion of patients in whom a virtual care model might be suitable.
Conservative Treatment of Stage IA1 Cervical Carcinoma Without Lymphovascular Space Invasion: A 20-year Retrospective Study in Brazil
Authors: Alberton Daniele Lima , Salcedo Mila Pontremoli , Zen Raquel Potrich , Ferreira Charles Francisco , Schmeler Kathleen , Pessini Suzana Arenhart 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate recurrence rates and risk factors among women with stage IA1 cervical cancer without lymph vascular space invasion managed conservatively.
Methods: retrospective review of women with stage IA1 squamous cervical cancer who underwent cold knife cone or loop electrosurgical excision procedure, between 1994 and 2015, at a gynecologic oncology center in Southern Brazil. Age at diagnosis, pre-conization findings, conization method, margin status, residual disease, recurrence and survival rates were collected and analyzed.
Results: 26 women diagnosed with stage IA1 squamous cervical cancer without lymphovascular space invasion underwent conservative management and had at least 12 months follow-up. The mean follow-up was 44.6 months. The mean age at diagnosis was 40.9 years. Median first intercourse occurred at age 16 years, 11.5% were nulliparous and 30.8% were current or past tobacco smokers. There was one Human immunodeficiency virus positive patient diagnosed with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 at 30 months after surgery. However, there were no patients diagnosed with recurrent invasive cervical cancer and there were no deaths due to cervical cancer or other causes in the cohort.
Conclusion: Excellent outcomes were noted in women with stage IA1 cervical cancer without lymphovascular space invasion and with negative margins who were managed conservatively, even in a developing country.
Current and Future Needs for Interventional Radiologists in Saudi Arabia: Position Statement by the Saudi Interventional Radiology Society
Authors: AlSafran Zakariya A. , Arabi Mohammad , Alsafran Fahad S. , Ashour Majed A. , Justaniah Almamoon I. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSaudi Arabia has gone through a huge expansion in the medical services, which increased the demand for interventional radiologist (IR) services. However, the current number of IRs is considerably less than the needed number, which poses a challenge to provide a 24/7 IR service coverage. The shortage may improve in the future, but it will continue through 2030 despite the successful local fellowship training program.
Near-field spectroscopy of Dirac plasmons in Bi2Se3 ribbon arrays
Authors: Hale Lucy L. , Wang Zhengtianye , Harris C. Thomas , Brener Igal , Law Stephanie , Mitrofanov Oleg 
Published: May 2023

Plasmons supported in the massless electron surface states of topological insulators (TIs), known as Dirac plasmons, have great potential in next generation optoelectronics. However, their inherent confinement to the surface makes the investigation of Dirac plasmons challenging. Near-field techniques provide the ideal platform to directly probe Dirac plasmons due to the sensitivity to evanescent fields at the surface. Here, we demonstrate the use of aperture near-field spectroscopy for the investigation of localized terahertz (THz) Dirac plasmon resonances in Bi2Se3 ribbon arrays with widths ranging from 10 to 40 µm. Unlike scattering THz near-field techniques, the aperture method is most sensitive to plasmons with the relevant lower-momenta corresponding to plasmon wavelengths on the scale of ∼20 µm. The combination of THz time-domain spectroscopy and aperture near-field microscopy enables sampling of localized Dirac plasmons in the near-field zone in the 0.5–2.5 THz range. We map the plasmon dispersion, which reveals a coupled plasmon–phonon polariton interaction. The near-field spectra show a higher contrast of the upper polariton branch in comparison with far-field observations. The information revealed by aperture near-field spectroscopy could deepen our understanding of the behavior of Dirac plasmons, leading to the potential development of real-world TI devices.
The kinetics of the ice–water interface from ab initio machine learning simulations
Authors: Montero de Hijes P. , Romano S. , Gorfer A. , Dellago C. 
Published: May 2023

Molecular simulations employing empirical force fields have provided valuable knowledge about the ice growth process in the past decade. The development of novel computational techniques allows us to study this process, which requires long simulations of relatively large systems, with ab initio accuracy. In this work, we use a neural-network potential for water trained on the revised Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof functional to describe the kinetics of the ice–water interface. We study both ice melting and growth processes. Our results for the ice growth rate are in reasonable agreement with previous experiments and simulations. We find that the kinetics of ice melting presents a different behavior (monotonic) than that of ice growth (non-monotonic). In particular, a maximum ice growth rate of 6.5 Å/ns is found at 14 K of supercooling. The effect of the surface structure is explored by investigating the basal and primary and secondary prismatic facets. We use the Wilson–Frenkel relation to explain these results in terms of the mobility of molecules and the thermodynamic driving force. Moreover, we study the effect of pressure by complementing the standard isobar with simulations at a negative pressure (−1000 bar) and at a high pressure (2000 bar). We find that prismatic facets grow faster than the basal one and that pressure does not play an important role when the speed of the interface is considered as a function of the difference between the melting temperature and the actual one, i.e., to the degree of either supercooling or overheating.
Dielectric spectrum of a ferrofluid layer exposed to a gradient magnetic field
Authors: Rajňák Michal , Dolník Bystrík , Paulovičová Katarína , Cimbala Roman , Kopčanský Peter , Timko Milan , Parekh Kinnari , Upadhyay R. V. 
Published: May 2023

A low-frequency dielectric response of a ferrofluid based on transformer oil and MnZn ferrite nanoparticles is investigated in a gradient magnetic field. Four ferrofluid samples of various nanoparticle concentrations were introduced into planar micro-capacitors located over a magnetized tip. The dielectric spectra were measured in the frequency range from 0.1 Hz to 200 kHz and in the local magnetic field up to 100 mT. The spectra exhibit a dielectric relaxation ascribed to nanoparticle interfacial polarization. The low-frequency spectrum of each ferrofluid decreases upon application of the magnetic field up to 20 mT. The decrease in dielectric permittivity is caused by a magnetic force acting on larger nanoparticles in the gradient magnetic field. It is assumed that the interfaces of the concentrated nanoparticles in the gradient field do not contribute to the effective dielectric response. This reduces the effective relaxation time and shifts the relaxation toward higher frequencies. The dielectric spectra are well described by a relaxation fit function consisting of one Havriliak–Negami and a conductivity term. The fitting confirms that the only effect of the gradient magnetic field on the dielectric spectra is the shift of the dielectric relaxation and the decrease of the amplitude in the imaginary permittivity. This behavior is evident from a master plot, where all dielectric relaxations are superimposed on a single line. The knowledge of the presented behavior of the ferrofluid may be valuable when applying a ferrofluid to sharply magnetized parts of various electrical equipment (wires, tips, screws, nails, edges) as a liquid dielectric medium.
Benefits of Using a Transdisciplinary Approach for the Design and Operationalization of a Surveillance System
Authors: Falzon Laura C. , Ogola Joseph , Fèvre Eric M. , Berezowski John 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
During the preparatory phase of a surveillance project in Western Kenya, it was noted that several animal health activities, including meat inspection, were recorded using paper-based forms. Through discussions with the meat inspectors and other slaughterhouse actors, an electronic meat inspection form was developed, tested, and used in two slaughterhouses in Bungoma County. The meat inspectors completed and submitted a form for every animal slaughtered at their facility over a 2.75-year period. In a feedback meeting with the meat inspectors and other stakeholders, areas for improvement were highlighted, such as the timely provision of feedback to the data providers, and the inclusion of data fields that allow for more detailed animal movement information. The meat inspectors remarked that the form made them feel appreciated and added value to their work as the data could be used to educate farmers on prevailing livestock conditions and provide economic incentives for disease control interventions. The data submitted via the electronic forms were of sufficient quality to be summarized and identify trends in the animal slaughterhouse throughput, as well as frequent reasons for meat condemnation and associated costs. These data could therefore set the foundation for a syndromic surveillance system based on slaughterhouse data. Other non-traditional data sources, such as livestock and meat transport certificates, could also be leveraged to create a post-farm animal health information system.

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