bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of molecular interactions by nonequilibrium capillary electrophoresis of equilibrium mixtures: Originations, developments, and applications
Authors: Deng Li , Fu Qifeng , Zhang Yujie , Shui Fan , Tang Jia , Wu Jianming , Zeng Jing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMolecular interactions play a vital role in regulating various physiological and biochemical processes in vivo. Kinetic capillary electrophoresis (KCE) is an analytical platform that offers significant advantages in studying the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of molecular interactions. It enables the simultaneous analysis of these parameters within an interaction pattern and facilitates the screening of binding ligands with predetermined kinetic parameters. Nonequilibrium capillary electrophoresis of equilibrium mixtures (NECEEM) was the first proposed KCE method, and it has found widespread use in studying molecular interactions involving proteins/aptamers, proteins/small molecules, and peptides/small molecules. The successful applications of NECEEM have demonstrated its promising potential for further development and broader application. However, there has been a dearth of recent reviews on NECEEM. To address this gap, our study provides a comprehensive description of NECEEM, encompassing its origins, development, and applications from 2015 to 2022. The primary focus of the applications section is on aptamer selection and screening of small‐molecule ligands. Furthermore, we discuss important considerations in NECEEM experimental design, such as buffer suitability, detector selection, and protein adsorption. By offering this thorough review, we aim to contribute to the understanding, advancement, and wider utilization of NECEEM as a valuable tool for studying molecular interactions and facilitating the identification of potential ligands and targets.
Dependence evaluation of factors influencing coal spontaneous ignition
Authors: Wu Kuan , Yao Qi , Chen Yong , Zhao Pengtao , Xi Chaozhuang , Zhao Yun , Wang Qiao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCoal spontaneous combustion is determined by a variety of factors. Testing can describe the changes incoal spontaneous combustion with various factors, however, the dependence of spontaneous combustion on various factors is unclear. Therefore, reliability theory was used to deduce the functional relationship of the dependence of coal spontaneous combustion on various factors, and construct a model algorithm for predicting the probability of occurrence of coal spontaneous combustion, which is adopted to evaluate and rank the degree of influence of various factors on coal spontaneous combustion. Effective prevention methods are proposed by strengthening the role of the most important factors. The results show that, by taking the duration of coal heating to 150°C as the measurement standard of coal spontaneous combustion, the duration of the initial stage of coal heating increases linearly with the increase of specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity, and moisture content of coal. With the increase of oxygen concentration, oxidation rate, and initial temperature of the coal, the duration of the initial stage of coal heating decreases exponentially. With the increase of gas flow seepage velocity in the coal body, the duration of the initial heating stage changes in a parabolic manner. At the same time, the probability of spontaneous combustion decreases exponentially with the increase of specific heat capacity and moisture content of the coal. The probability of coal spontaneous combustion increases linearly with the increase of coal thermal conductivity, oxygen concentration, gas seepage velocity, and rate of oxidation. The dependence of coal spontaneous combustion probability on different factors can be expressed as follows: coal temperature > gas seepage velocity > specific heat capacity > oxidation rate > oxygen concentration > moisture content > thermal conductivity.
A system dynamic model for natural gas safety supply and demand balance mechanism
Authors: Hong Zhong , Sha He , Qian Sun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe security of natural gas supply and demand has always been an important topic, and as a result, analyzing and predicting the supply and demand of natural gas has received considerable attention from researchers. Numerous studies have extensively researched the supply and demand of natural gas. The main purpose of this study is to explore the supply‐demand balance mechanism for natural gas security. A system dynamics model is constructed to assess the supply and demand of natural gas in Sichuan Province, China. A new system dynamics model based on domestic gas, production gas, ecological environment and natural gas supply is proposed. The study considers four scenarios: natural development, economic priority development, environmental priority development and coordinated development. The results show that the rapid economic development has led to an excessive environmental carrying capacity, a larger gap between natural gas supply and demand, a decline in the quality of life of residents, and even affected the energy security of Sichuan Province and China. The findings also show that people's overprotection of the environment can lead to slow economic development, which prevents it from achieving its desired goals. The coordinated development scenario in this paper not only ensures the production of natural gas and the quality of life of residents, but also is an optimal scheme with low energy consumption and pollution. According to the research conclusions, considering the overall situation of China's energy security and the situation in Sichuan Province, the author proposes reforms from the supply and demand sides of natural gas.
Correlation between nurses' attitude and practice toward communication with patients of decreased level of consciousness and its relationship with ethical care in ICU: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Pooyanfard Fatemeh , Razban Farideh , Asadi Neda , Haji‐Maghsoudi Saiedeh 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsCommunication between intensive care unit (ICU) nurses and patients with decreased Level of Consciousness (DLOC) is now regarded as a difficult task. Proper communication is regarded as a crucial component of care and stems from the attitude and practice of nurses. Intensive care nurses are responsible for providing care to patients with DLOC in accordance with ethical principles because care and ethics cannot be separated. To better understand ICU nurses' attitudes and practice toward communicating with patients who have decreased levels of consciousness and how this affects the provision of ethical care, the current study was conducted.MethodsThis is a cross‐sectional study. Two hundred ICU nurses from southeast Iran took part in this study. Three questioners, including attitude and practice toward communicating with patients who decreased Levels of consciousness, and ethical Care were used as data collection tools.ResultsThe mean score for ICU nurses' attitude, practice, and ethical care towards communicating with patients with DLOC were, respectively, 4.02 ± 0.45,2.91 ± 0.49. The findings demonstrated a very weak correlation between the ICU nurses' attitude score and communication practice for DLOC patients (p = 0.04; r = 0.14).ConclusionNurses who had a more positive attitude toward communicating with DLOC patients performed better in this area. It is suggested that nurses employed in ICUs should be monitored and judged based on how well they communicate with DLOC patients through workshops and conferences. By doing this, they would become more cognizant of the necessity for and effective methods of communication with these patients as well as the repercussions of their poor communication practice.
Ramifications of groundwater model in WRF/Noah‐MP coupled system: Effects on soil‐moisture and regional climate simulation
Authors: Huggannavar Vinayak , Indu J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSoil moisture is a key variable that contributes for flux partitioning into sensible and latent heat components. There is a pressing need to study the impacts of shallow groundwater table dynamics on antecedent soil moisture and corresponding feedbacks to atmosphere. In this study, we evaluate WRF‐NoahMP simulated soil moisture using two experimental configurations: one with the default, free drainage approach (CTL) and with Miguez‐Macho groundwater scheme (GW). Results are presented for the study conducted over Ganga River basin, India between the years 2008 and 2014 for all the three seasons (pre‐monsoon, monsoon, post‐monsoon). It was observed that the GW model runs, improve soil moisture in topmost and bottom‐most layers. We discovered that the simulations improved temporal negative bias of seasonal accumulation during monsoon by around 91 mm. In addition, the average negative bias in latent heat flux improved by around 28 W/m2. Compared to CTL, GW was found to contribute additional atmospheric moisture content ranging between 3% and 5%. Comparison with in‐situ ground water showed that model overestimates the ground water table depth. This can be attributed to the ability of the model to only simulate natural occurring variabilities and lack of inclusion of anthropogenic factors such as ground water pumping in the model. The groundwater trend in Ganga is declining at alarming rate. In addition, if over exploitation of groundwater is not monitored properly, water and food scarcity is an imminent threat to the country's economy. To the best of authors knowledge, this is the first study of its kind to be implemented over Ganga basin, which evaluates the role of shallow ground water table on regional climate using coupled atmosphere‐land surface‐groundwater model. In summary, we highlight that the groundwater component along with WRF‐NoahMP coupled model improves soil moisture and precipitation representation over the Ganga basin.
Microfluidic droplet encapsulation‐guided organoid growth promotes parental tumor phenotype recapitulation
Authors: Zhang Weijie , Jin He , Lou Shitong , Yang Haowei , Dai Xiaoyong , Ma Shaohua 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPatient‐derived organoids are gaining incremental popularity in both basic sciences and translational applications toward precision medicine and revolutionized drug discovery. However, for tumor organoids, challenges remain in low rates of organoid growth and tumor cell purity, that is, recapitulation of tumor phenotypes in constructed organoids. Here, we report a method of microfluidic droplet encapsulation that provides structural guidance for tumor cell growth and organization, where they develop into tumor organoids with high purity and high rates of modeling success, as compared to the classical organoid modeling method, that is, non‐engineered organoids. The modeling efficacy and organoid quality are examined in patient‐derived samples, covering esophagus, lung and colorectal cancer tissues, all proving significance in droplet‐engineered organoids, as demonstrated by histological examinations.
US partisan polarization and households' portfolio decisions
Authors: Apergis Nicholas 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper uses a panel survey (micro‐level) dataset to explore the impact of US partisan polarization on households' portfolio decisions. The results document that households significantly reduce their market investments in risky assets due to stronger partisan polarization conditions. The findings survive certain robustness checks, while they clearly illustrate the rising effect of political uncertainty on such decisions. Such results could carry substantial implications since they suggest that partisan polarization uncertainty acts as a negative externality in this type of portfolio choice decisions.
Analysis and suggestions on the complications in 2000 cases of transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery: Can it be a conventional surgery?
Authors: Hou Qiannan , Li Xin , Li Yan , Zhang Qiang , Liu Tianjiao , Huang Lu , Gong Zhaolin , Feng Dan , Gu Dingqian , Lin Yonghong , He Li 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo reflect on the complications of transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (vNOTES), identify the corresponding risk factors, and provide caution to surgeons when performing this novel surgery.MethodsA retrospective study was carried out among 2000 patients in our hospital who underwent vNOTES between May 2019 and May 2022. Perioperative complications were stratified in chronological order and divided into those developed while establishing the vNOTES approach, during surgery, postoperatively, and 1 month after discharge. The complications were classified based on the Modified Clavien‐Dindo classifications. The causes of each type III/IV complication were analyzed.ResultsOf the 2000 patients, 88 (4.4%) experienced complications, which is not higher than that reported in laparoendoscopic surgery in previous studies. Grade I, II, III, IV, and V complications developed in 19 (0.95%), 57 (2.85%), 11 (0.55%), 1 (0.05%), and 0 (0%) patients, respectively. Complications were developed while establishing the approach platform, during the surgery, postoperatively, and within 1 month after discharge in 5 (0.25%), 30 (1.50%), 50 (2.50%), and 3 (0.15%) patients, respectively. Eight patients (0.4%) underwent conversion, including five cases of rectal injury repair.ConclusionThe summarized suggestions were divided into three levels. Considering the security and effectiveness of vNOTES, it can be routinely used in various gynecologic operations. However, surgeons should focus on preoperative evaluation, strictly conduct preoperative disinfection, conform to prompt conversion during surgery, call for the presence of experienced doctors, and have routine use of antibiotics to prevent postoperative infections.Trial RegistrationChiCTR2100053483.
Partial penectomy for severe penile ulceration caused by cholesterol crystal embolization
Authors: Matsushima Toshiki , Mitsunari Kensuke , Maekawa Nobuhide , Yamada Shota , Ito Hidenori , Kurata Hiroki , Nakamura Yuichiro , Matsuo Tomohiro , Ohba Kojiro , Imamura Ryoichi 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionCholesterol crystal embolism is a rare microembolic disease caused by cholesterol crystals that can present with various symptoms after vascular surgery, catheterization, or anticoagulation therapy. We report a case of penile ulceration caused by cholesterol crystal embolism.Case presentationA 72‐year‐old man undergoing maintenance dialysis for end‐stage renal failure presented with penile pain and a black glans ulcer. Despite low‐density lipoprotein apheresis, he was referred to our hospital because of lack of improvement. Based on his medical history and clinical presentation, including artificial vascular replacement and right toe amputation, cholesterol crystal embolism was suspected and partial penectomy was performed, thus confirming the diagnosis. Penile pain resolved after surgery, and he was discharged on Day 10. Unfortunately, he died after small bowel perforation developed 2 months after surgery.ConclusionPenile ulcers caused by cholesterol crystal embolism may indicate the severity and progression of disease and typically require surgical intervention.
RSA based consensus algorithm for resource‐constrained distributed devices
Authors: Gupta Nishant , Jain Ankit Kumar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWith the proliferation of resource‐constrained distributed devices, such as Internet of Things devices, there is a growing need for efficient consensus algorithms to enable secure and reliable communication among these devices. This paper proposes an RSA‐based consensus algorithm explicitly designed for resource‐constrained distributed devices. The algorithm leverages the RSA (Rivest‐Shamir‐Adleman) cryptography scheme to achieve secure communication and consensus among the devices. To evaluate the performance of the RSA‐based consensus algorithm, a simulation is conducted in the Python programming language. The simulation considers a network with a fixed number of participants and miner nodes. The average execution time of the algorithm is measured over multiple iterations to assess its efficiency. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm reduces latency in block validation, and the algorithm's low computational requirement reduces energy consumption for each transaction.
Specimen plane orientation determination for analysis based on scanning electron microscope: Comparing top‐down and side‐view approaches
Authors: Li Chunfei , Craig Joshua , Dubovi Josiah 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMany attachments to a scanning electron microscope (SEM), such as energy dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy, extend its function significantly. Typically, the application of such attachments requires that the specimen has a planar surface at a specific orientation. It is a challenge to make the plane of a microscale specimen satisfy the orientation requirement since they are visible only in an SEM. An in‐situ procedure is needed to adjust specimen orientation by using stage rotation and tilting functions, in the process of which the key is to determine the initial orientation. This study proposed and tested top‐down and side‐view approaches to determine the orientation of a planar surface inside an SEM. In the top‐down one, the projected area is monitored on SEM images as stage rotation and tilt angles are adjusted. When the surface normal is along the electron beam direction, the area has a maximum value. In the side‐view approach, the stage is adjusted so that the projection appears to be a straight horizontal line on the SEM image. Once the orientation of the specimen for top‐down or side‐view observation is determined, the original can be calculated, and a desired orientation can be realized by manipulating the stage. The procedures have been tested by analyzing planar surfaces of spherical particles in Al‐Cu‐Fe alloy in the form of facets. The measured angles between two surfaces are consistent with those expected from crystallographic consideration within 2.7° and 1.7° for the top‐down and side‐view approaches, respectively.Research Highlights
Top‐down and side‐view approaches have been proposed and tested for in‐situ determination of specimen planar surface orientation in a Scanning Electron Microscope.
The measured angles between two surfaces are consistent with those expected from crystallographic consideration within 2.7° and 1.7° for the top‐down and side‐view approaches, respectively.
The real‐world use and efficacy of pomalidomide for relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma in the era of CD38 antibodies
Authors: Szabo Agoston Gyula , Thorsen Jonathan , Iversen Katrine Fladeland , Levring Mette Bøegh , Helleberg Carsten , Hermansen Emil , Bønløkke Søren Thorgaard , Nielsen Katrine , Teodorescu Elena Manuela , Kurt Eva , Strandholdt Casper Nørgaard , Vangsted Annette Juul 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPomalidomide‐dexamethasone (Pd) has been a standard care treatment for relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma since 2013. However, the outcomes of Pd after exposure to CD38 antibodies are not known. Here we describe the real‐world use and efficacy of pomalidomide in a Danish, nationwide cohort of daratumumab‐exposed patients. We identified 328 patients that were treated with pomalidomide. Of these, 137 received Pd, 65 daratumumab‐pomalidomide‐dexamethasone (DPd), 43 pomalidomide‐cyclophosphamide‐dexamethasone (PCd), 19 carfilzomib‐pomalidomide‐dexamethasone (KPD), 11 pomalidomide‐bortezomib‐dexamethasone (PVd), and 52 pomalidomide in other combinations. Patients treated with Pd in this cohort had a partial response or better (≥ PR) rate of 35.8% and median time to next treatment (mTNT) of 4.9 months, almost identical to the results of previous prospective clinical trials. Although treatment with the various pomalidomide‐containing triplet regimens resulted in higher ≥ PR rates (PCd: 46.5%, PVd: 63.6%, DPd: 55.4%, KPd: 63.2%), the mTNT achieved was not significantly better than with Pd in most cases (PCD: 5.4, PVD: 5.3, DPD: 4.7 months). The exception to this was KPd (mTNT 7.4 months), but this regimen was mainly used earlier in the course of the disease (median time from diagnosis 2.3 years vs. 3.7–4.3 years). The most important predictor of outcomes was not the choice of index regimen (p = 0.72), but prior exposure (p = 0.0116). Compared to CD38 antibody‐naïve patients, triple‐class‐exposed patients achieved reduced ≥ PR rate (38.0% vs. 47.3%), shorter mTNT (4.0 vs. 5.9 months), and shorter median overall survival (12.4 vs. 24.2 months) with pomalidomide treatment.
Vaccinia virus induces EMT‐like transformation and RhoA‐mediated mesenchymal migration
Authors: Liu Wei , Lu Jia‐Yin , Wang Ya‐Jun , Xu Xin‐Xin , Chen Yu‐Chen , Yu Sai‐Xi , Xiang Xiao‐Wei , Chen Xue‐Zhu , Jiu Yaming , Gao Hai , Sheng Mengyao , Chen Zheng‐Jun , Hu Xinyao , Li Dong , Maiuri Paolo , Huang Xinxin , Ying Tianlei , Xu Guo‐Liang , Pang Dai‐Wen , Zhang Zhi‐Ling , Liu Baohong , Liu Yan‐Jun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe emerging outbreak of monkeypox is closely associated with the viral infection and spreading, threatening global public health. Virus‐induced cell migration facilitates viral transmission. However, the mechanism underlying this type of cell migration remains unclear. Here we investigate the motility of cells infected by vaccinia virus (VACV), a close relative of monkeypox, through combining multi‐omics analyses and high‐resolution live‐cell imaging. We find that, upon VACV infection, the epithelial cells undergo epithelial–mesenchymal transition‐like transformation, during which they lose intercellular junctions and acquire the migratory capacity to promote viral spreading. After transformation, VACV‐hijacked RhoA signaling significantly alters cellular morphology and rearranges the actin cytoskeleton involving the depolymerization of robust actin stress fibers, leading‐edge protrusion formation, and the rear‐edge recontraction, which coordinates VACV‐induced cell migration. Our study reveals how poxviruses alter the epithelial phenotype and regulate RhoA signaling to induce fast migration, providing a unique perspective to understand the pathogenesis of poxviruses.
Single‐layer thin‐film transistor analysis and design
Authors: Wager John F. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA set of direct current (DC) analytical equations is formulated for the analysis and design of a single‐layer thin‐film transistor (TFT). For a specified TFT structure, drain current is calculated as a function of drain and gate voltage (taking the source as ground) according to the Enz, Krummenacher, Vittoz (EKV) compact model. One model parameter function is required to implement this EKV‐based equation, that is, drift mobility as a function of gate voltage. Drift mobility is evaluated as a consequence of accumulation layer electrostatics assessment of the TFT structure specified. In order to implement the model, three semiconductor properties (low‐frequency (static) relative dielectric constant, free electron concentration, and maximum (no trapping) mobility), two structure properties (insulator capacitance density and TFT width‐to‐length ratio), and one physical operating parameter (temperature) must be specified. Optimal TFT mobility performance is achieved when the thickness of the semiconductor channel layer is constrained to be less than 2.22 times the channel layer Debye length such that “short‐base” TFT operation obtains. Additionally, higher mobility TFT performance is obtained by selecting a channel layer with a small electron effective mass, reducing channel layer trap density, reducing channel layer thickness, reducing the free electron concentration, and/or increasing gate capacitance density.