bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospective study on magnetic resonance imaging in cochlear implant patients
Authors: Helbig Silke , Thiemann Neele , Hattingen Elke , Loth Andreas , Stöver Timo , Leinung Martin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Monocentric, prospective study to investigate whether concomitant support of cochlear implant (CI) patients by CI-trained otolaryngologists and application of a standardized head bandage can minimize potential complications during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods
Thirty-seven patients with 46 CIs underwent MRI with a prophylactic head bandage. All participants and the otolaryngologist at the CI center completed pre- and post-MRI questionnaires documenting body region scanned, duration of MRI and bandage wear, field strength during the scan, and any complications. If pain was experienced, it was assessed using a visual analog scale (1–10).

Results
MRI was performed without adverse events in 37.8% of cases. Magnet dislocation requiring surgical revision occurred in 2% of cases. Pain was reported in 86% of cases, often due to the tightness of the dressing. Patients with rotating, MRI-compatible magnets reported significantly less pain than participants with older-generation implants. In 11% of cases, the MRI was discontinued.

Conclusion
Serious complications during MRI in cochlear implant patients are rare. Pain is the most common adverse event, probably mainly due to the tight bandage required by most implant types. With newer generations of magnets, these patients experience less pain, no dislocation of the magnets, and no need for bandaging. Although magnet dislocation cannot be completely prevented in older generations of implants, it appears to be reduced by good patient management, which recommends examination under the guidance of physicians trained in the use of hearing implants.
Distinct patterns of biomarker expression for atypical intraductal proliferations in prostate cancer
Authors: Martini Carmela , Logan Jessica M. , Sorvina Alexandra , Prabhakaran Sarita , Ung Benjamin S Y. , Johnson Ian R. D. , Hickey Shane M. , Brooks Robert D. ,   kConFab Consortium, Caruso Maria C. , Klebe Sonja , Karageorgos Litsa , O’Leary John J. , Delahunt Brett , Samaratunga Hemamali , Brooks Douglas A 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHigh-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) is a well-characterised precursor lesion in prostate cancer. The term atypical intraductal proliferations (AIP) describes lesions with features that are far too atypical to be considered HGPIN, yet insufficient to be diagnosed as intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDCP). Here, a panel of biomarkers was assessed to provide insights into the biological relationship between IDCP, HGPIN, and AIP and their relevance to current clinicopathological recommendations. Tissue samples from 86 patients with prostate cancer were assessed by routine haematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC) with a biomarker panel (Appl1/Sortilin/Syndecan-1) and a PIN4 cocktail (34βE12+P63/P504S). Appl1 strongly labelled atypical secretory cells, effectively visualising intraductal lesions. Sortilin labelling was moderate-to-strong in > 70% of cases, while Syndecan-1 was moderate-to-strong in micropapillary HGPIN/AIP lesions (83% cases) versus flat/tufting HGPIN (≤ 20% cases). Distinct biomarker labelling patterns for atypical intraductal lesions of the prostate were observed, including early atypical changes (flat/tufting HGPIN) and more advanced atypical changes (micropapillary HGPIN/AIP). Furthermore, the biomarker panel may be used as a tool to overcome the diagnostic uncertainty surrounding AIP by supporting a definitive diagnosis of IDCP for such lesions displaying the same biomarker pattern as cribriform IDCP.
Tree species identity, canopy structure and prey availability differentially affect canopy spider diversity and trophic composition
Authors: Wildermuth Benjamin , Dönges Clemens , Matevski Dragan , Penanhoat Alice , Seifert Carlo L. , Seidel Dominik , Scheu Stefan , Schuldt Andreas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractForest canopies maintain a high proportion of arthropod diversity. The drivers that structure these communities, however, are poorly understood. Therefore, integrative research connecting tree species identity and environmental stand properties with taxonomic and functional community composition of canopy arthropods is required. In this study, we investigated how the taxonomic, functional and trophic composition of arboreal spider communities is affected by tree species composition and associated differences in canopy structure and prey availability in temperate forests. We sampled canopy spiders as well as their potential prey using insecticidal fogging in monospecific and mixed stands of native European beech, native Norway spruce and non-native Douglas fir. Trophic metrics were obtained from stable isotope analysis and structural canopy properties were assessed with mobile laser scanning. Monospecific native spruce stands promoted local canopy spider abundance and diversity, but native beech and beech–conifer mixtures had the highest diversity at landscape scale. Spider community composition differed between monospecific stands, with broadleaf–conifer mixtures mitigating these differences. Irrespective of tree species identity, spider abundance, taxonomic diversity, functional richness and isotopic richness increased in structurally heterogeneous canopies with high prey abundances, but functional evenness and trophic divergence decreased. Our study shows that canopy spiders are differentially affected by tree species identity, canopy structure and prey availability. Broadleaf–conifer mixtures mitigated negative effects of (non-native) conifers, but positive mixture effects were only evident at the landscape scale. Structurally heterogeneous canopies promoted the dominance of only specific trait clusters. This indicates that intermediate heterogeneity might result in high stability of ecological communities.
Schmerzbedingte Stigmatisierung bei Patienten mit Brust‑, Darm‑, Prostata- oder Lungenkrebs
Authors: Roicke A. , Esser P. , Hornemann B. , Ernst J. 
Published: September 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Untersuchungen von Krebspatienten zeigen eine moderate bis hohe Relevanz der wahrgenommenen Stigmatisierung. Bislang gibt es keine Studien, in denen Stigmatisierung in Abhängigkeit von Schmerzen bei Krebspatienten betrachtet wird. Wir analysieren den Zusammenhang von Schmerzen und Stigmatisierung bei vier häufigen Tumorentitäten.

Methoden
Im Rahmen einer registerbasierten bizentrischen Studie wurden quantitative Daten von 858 Patienten (45,6 % Frauen; Altersdurchschnitt 60,7 Jahre) mit Brust‑, Darm‑, Lungen- oder Prostatakrebs ausgewertet. Die wahrgenommene Stigmatisierung wurde mit der Social Impact Scale (SIS-D) erhoben, das Instrument umfasst neben dem Gesamtscore vier Subskalen. Schmerz ist mit dem Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) erfasst worden. Die Daten wurden mittels Korrelation und multipler Regression mit soziodemografischen und medizinischen Prädiktoren analysiert.

Ergebnisse
Von den 858 Krebspatienten gaben jene mit Lungen- und Brustkrebs die stärksten Schmerzen an. Die Schmerzstärke zeigt sich als Prädiktor für die Stigmatisierung bei Patienten mit Brust- und Darmkrebs. Zusätzlich kann ein jüngeres Lebensalter als Prädiktor für die Stigmatisierung festgestellt werden. Protektiv zeigt sich eine gute Lebensqualität. Die finalen Modelle weisen eine hohe Anpassungsgüte auf (korr. R2 > 0,35), mit Ausnahme des Regressionsmodells für Lungenkrebspatienten.

Diskussion und Schlussfolgerung
Die Befunde unterstützen die Annahme eines Einflusses des Schmerzerlebens auf die wahrgenommene Stigmatisierung von Krebspatienten. Ein Zusammenhang zeigt sich zwischen der Stigmatisierung und der Depressivität. Diese Personengruppe sollte in der klinischen Praxis daher besondere psychoonkologische Aufmerksamkeit erfahren. Weitere Forschungen zu Verlauf und Mechanismen der schmerzbezogenen Stigmatisierung sind zusätzlich notwendig.
Maßnahmen zur urbanen Überflutungsprävention: Wirksamkeit von dezentraler Niederschlagswasserbewirtschaftung im Vergleich zu konventionellen Maßnahmen
Authors: Reinstaller Stefan , Funke Fabian , Kleidorfer Manfred , Muschalla Dirk 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungMit der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden drei technische Maßnahmen hinsichtlich ihrer Wirksamkeit bezüglich urbaner Überflutungen auf das urbane Entwässerungssystem eines fiktiven Einzugsgebiets verglichen. Es konnte eine geeignete Methodik entwickelt werden, wie ein solcher Vergleich auch in anderen Einzugsgebieten durchgeführt werden kann. Insgesamt wurden drei technische Maßnahmen in ein modifiziertes 1D-2D-Überflutungsmodell implementiert und ein reales Starkregenereignis simuliert: i) Regenrückhaltebecken; ii) Notwasserwege in Kombination mit einer Retentionsmulde; iii) Kombination aus dezentralen Anlagen der Niederschlagswasserbewirtschaftung: extensives Gründach, durchlässige Parkflächen, Versickerungsmulden und Retentionsschächte. Die Wirksamkeit wurde im Anschluss an insgesamt vier Zielgrößen – Wasserstand an einem Hotspot, Abfluss in der Kanalisation, Mischwasserüberlaufvolumen, Überflutungsflächen – basierend auf der relativen Abweichung zum Referenzzustand quantifiziert und ausgewertet. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass die dezentralen Maßnahmen genauso wie die Notwasserwege den Wasserstand als auch die Überflutungsflächen reduzieren können. Für die Bewertung des gesamten urbanen Entwässerungssystems ist ein kombinierter Ansatz hinsichtlich der Wirksamkeit anzustreben und mit realen Einzugsgebieten und realen Überflutungsereignissen zu analysieren.
Genetic engineering of low-temperature polyhydroxyalkanoate production by Acidovorax sp. A1169, a psychrophile isolated from a subglacial outflow
Authors: Grzesiak Jakub , Gawor Jan , Rogala Małgorzata Marta , Kouřilová Xenie , Obruča Stanislav 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn recent years, extremophilic microorganisms have been employed as producers of the microbial bioplastics polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), which are of great biotechnological value. Nevertheless, cold-loving or psychrophilic (cryophilic) bacteria have been neglected in this regard. Here, we present an investigation of the Arctic glacier-derived PHA producerAcidovoraxsp. A1169. Biolog GEN III Microplates were used as a screening tool to identify the most suitable carbon substrate concerning PHA synthesis. The strain produced homopolymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) most efficiently (2 g/L) at a temperature of 15 °C when supplied with fructose or mannitol as carbon sources with a substantial decrease of PHB biosynthesis at 17.5 °C. The PHB yield did not increase considerably or even decreased when carbon source concentration exceeded 10 g/L hinting that the strain is oligotrophic in nature. The strain was also capable of introducing 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV) into the polymer structure, which is known to improve PHA thermoplastic properties. This is the first investigation providing insight into a PHA biosynthesis process by means of a true psychrophile, offering guidelines on polar-region bacteria cultivation, production of PHA and also on the methodology for genetic engineering of psychrophiles.
Closed Range Integral Operators on Fock Spaces
Authors: Fekadiea Zenaw Asnake , Mengestie Tesfa , Takele Mollalgn Haile 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe study the closed range problem for generalized Volterra-type integral operators on Fock spaces. We first answer the problem using the notions of sampling sets, reverse Fock–Carleson measures, Berezin type integral transforms, and essential boundedness from below of some functions of the symbols of the operators. The answer is further analyzed to show that the operators have closed ranges only when the derivative of the composition symbol belongs to the unit circle. It turns out that there exists no nontrivial closed range integral operator acting between two different Fock spaces. The main results equivalently describe when the operators are bounded below. Explicit expressions for the range of the operators are also provided, namely that the closed ranges contain only elements of the space which vanish at the origin. We further describe conditions under which the operators admit order bounded structures.
Evaluation of heavy metal contamination using cokriging geostatistical method (case study of Abteymour oilfield in southern Iran)
Authors: Khodoli Zangeneh Danial , Amanipoor Hakimeh , Battaleb-Looie Sedigheh 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOne of the most significant sources of soil contamination is the industries involved in the discovery, extraction, and use of petroleum and gas resources. One of the largest oil fields in Iran is the Abteymour oilfield, which is situated in the agricultural areas and Karun river flood plain. This study was carried out to analyze and monitor soil contamination by heavy metals and to create a map of the spread of contamination in the vicinity of the Abteymour oilfield, taking into account the significance of soil pollution in such a region. Thirty-three samples from the local surface soils were used in this study, and in addition to testing the ICP-MASS device's ability to detect the presence of heavy metals and other key elements, some of the soil's physical and chemical characteristics were also determined. After drawing the variograms and determining the appropriate fitting model, the cokriging method was used to study the spatial distribution of Al, Ti, Sr, Cr, Ni, V, Cu, Li, and Pb heavy metals and Na and S elements. The results of the heavy metals distribution in the studied area showed that the distribution of the studied elements is affected by geological conditions and human activities, including the petroleum industry and agriculture activities.
Inequality persists in a large citizen science programme despite increased participation through ICT innovations
Authors: Jönsson Mari , Kasperowski Dick , Coulson Stephen James , Nilsson Johan , Bína Pavel , Kullenberg Christopher , Hagen Niclas , van der Wal René , Peterson Jesse 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBiological recording is a prominent and widely practised form of citizen science, but few studies explore long-term demographic trends in participation and knowledge production. We studied long-term demographic trends of age and gender of participants reporting to a large online citizen science multi-taxon biodiversity platform (www.artportalen.se). Adoption by user communities and continually developing Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) greatly increased the number of participants reporting data, but profound long-term imbalances in gender contribution across species groups persisted over time. Reporters identifying as male dominated in numbers, spent more days in the field reporting and reported more species on each field day. Moreover, an age imbalance towards older participants amplified over time. As the first long-term study of citizen participation by age and gender, our results show that it is important for citizen science project developers to account for cultural and social developments that might exclude participants, and to engage with underrepresented and younger participants. This could facilitate the breadth of engagement and learning across a larger societal landscape, ensure project longevity and biodiversity data representation (e.g. mitigate gender bias influence on the number of reports of different species groups).
Experimental and numerical investigation on failure characteristics and mechanism of coal with different water contents
Authors: Liu Xuewei , Chen Haixiao , Liu Bin , Wang Sai , Liu Quansheng , Luo Yong , Luo Jin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWater injection, as a widely used technique to prevent coal burst, can restrain the fractured coal seam and released the energy storage. In this study, laboratory tests were firstly carried out on standard coal specimens with five different water contents (i.e., 0%, 0.6%, 1.08%, 1.5%, 2.0%, and 2.3%). The failure mode, fragment size, and energy distribution characteristics of coal specimens were investigated. Experimental results show that strength, elastic strain energy, dissipated energy, brittleness index, as well as impact energy index decrease with increasing water content. Besides, the failure mode transitions gradually from splitting ejection to tensile-shear mixed failure mode as water content increases, and average fragment size shows positively related to water content. Moreover, scanning electron microscope tests results indicate that water in coal sample mainly causes the mineral softening and defects increase. Furthermore, a numerical model containing roadway excavation was established considering the water on coal burst prevention. Modelling results revealed that water injection can reduce degree of coal burst and ejection velocity of coal blocks, while it will raise up the depth of crack zone and surface displacement of roadway. Combined with laboratory tests and numerical results, the micro mechanism, energy mechanism, and engineering significance of water injection on coal burst prevention were finally analyzed.
Adsorption Site Regulations of [W–O]-Doped CoP Boosting the Hydrazine Oxidation-Coupled Hydrogen Evolution at Elevated Current Density
Authors: Meng Ge , Chang Ziwei , Zhu Libo , Chen Chang , Chen Yafeng , Tian Han , Luo Wenshu , Sun Wenping , Cui Xiangzhi , Shi Jianlin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR) assisted hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) offers a feasible path for low power consumption to hydrogen production. Unfortunately however, the total electrooxidation of hydrazine in anode and the dissociation kinetics of water in cathode are critically depend on the interaction between the reaction intermediates and surface of catalysts, which are still challenging due to the totally different catalytic mechanisms. Herein, the [W–O] group with strong adsorption capacity is introduced into CoP nanoflakes to fabricate bifunctional catalyst, which possesses excellent catalytic performances towards both HER (185.60 mV at 1000 mA cm−2) and HzOR (78.99 mV at 10,00 mA cm−2) with the overall electrolyzer potential of 1.634 V lower than that of the water splitting system at 100 mA cm−2. The introduction of [W–O] groups, working as the adsorption sites for H2O dissociation and N2H4 dehydrogenation, leads to the formation of porous structure on CoP nanoflakes and regulates the electronic structure of Co through the linked O in [W–O] group as well, resultantly boosting the hydrogen production and HzOR. Moreover, a proof-of-concept direct hydrazine fuel cell-powered H2 production system has been assembled, realizing H2 evolution at a rate of 3.53 mmol cm−2 h−1 at room temperature without external electricity supply.
Epistemic decentering in education for responsibility: revisiting the theory and practice of educational integrity
Authors: Hagège Hélène 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThere is no consensus on definitions of educational or academic integrity, and their philosophical relationship with the notion of responsibility is complex. Here, we aim to i) disentangle these three notions. We lean on a philosophical framework of ethics and our method involves different kinds of reasoning and the modeling of complex thinking. We combine this frame with a three-level epistemic dimension to allow us ii) to model the psycho-epistemic (level 1), epistemological (level 2), and phenomenological (ground 0) ways in which subjects interact with their own norms and knowledge and with those of the surrounding institutions. Finally, iii) we also aim to propose concrete educational means by which to implement educational integrity. Our theoretical findings lead us i) to consider responsibility as a process that consists of establishing a dialogical relationship between one’s inner and outer worlds, which relies on an epistemic decentering. Based on this, we argue that education for responsibility founds a new, expanded definition of educational integrity. Moreover, ii) empirical evidence suggests that this model can be operationalized by psychological indicators such as critical and complex thinking, cognitive flexibility, contextual relativism, and decentering, all of which are skills that can be fostered in spite of simplifying thinking, dogmatism, naive epistemology (and dualism) and cognitive fusion, respectively. It points to iii) the benefits of an educational approach in which subjects are encouraged to practice different types of meditation and to feel free to break institutional rules. Therefore, promoting educational integrity may require methods that lie beyond the obvious choices. After discussing the scope and limitations of our results, we propose a new research agenda for educational integrity, which could ground a field of research broader than just academic integrity, but complementary to it.
Effects of Circumferential and Longitudinal Ribs and Grooves in Swirl Cooling on Characteristics of Pressure Drop and Heat Transfer
Authors: Elwekeel Fifi N. M. , Zheng Qun , Abdala Antar M. M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe impact of roughened swirl cooling chamber walls on heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics is explored in this study. This study compares ten roughened wall shapes against a smooth wall in a swirl cooling chamber. The roughened wall shapes are circumferential and longitudinal with and without cuts. The circumferential cases consist of four cases. The first case, designated as a circumferential groove (CG), contains eight grooves along the surface. The second case, designated as a circumferential groove cut (CGC), has eight cut grooves along the surface. The third case is called a circumferential rib (CR), and the fourth case is called a circumferential rib cut (CRC), and it has eight ribs without and with surface cuts. While the longitudinal cases consist of six cases. The first four cases, which have six longitudinal grooves and ribs with and without cuts, are longitudinal groove (LG), longitudinal groove cut (LGC), longitudinal rib (LR), and longitudinal rib cut (LRGC). The final two longitudinal cases, longitudinal rib groove (LRG) and Longitudinal rib and groove cut (LRGC), have hybrid grooves and ribs without and with surface cuts. Bulk temperature averaged circumferential heat transfer ratio, friction factor, global thermal performance factor, and turbulent kinetic energy are among the variables that were examined. Simulations are performed using CFD codes. These examined parameters are contrasted with results from previous studies. The findings demonstrate that heat transfer is boosted by roughly 2.7, 2.6, and 2.5 times higher in cases with LG, CG, and CGC, respectively, than in the smooth case. The use of rough walls in the swirl cooling chamber boosts the global thermal performance factor; the LG case has a 2.8 times higher global thermal performance factor than a smooth case. In comparison with alternative internal cooling technologies, a grooved wall, as shown in the LG case, has the best heat transfer characteristics.