bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of True Hybrids in Pearl Millet Cross Combinations by Employing SSR Molecular Markers
Authors: Patel Vinod , Tripathi M. K. , Shrivastava Rakesh K. , Tiwari Sushma , Chauhan Shailja , Tripathi Niraj , Pandya R. K. , Parihar Prerana , Khandelwal Vikas , Satyavathi C. Tara 
Published: September 2023

Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L. R. Br.), a crucial staple food and significant cereal crop, is gaining prominence due to its versatile applications as feed, food, and fodder. Heterosis of this crop has been extensively harnessed to increase productivity. Hybrid variants exhibit superior grain and stover yields compared to open-pollinated varieties.Top of Form The primary aim of this investigation was to evaluate and confirm authentic hybrids within three resultant F1 progenies. The assessment of parents and F1 hybrids was carried out during the Kharif 2021for the purpose of accurate discrimination and rapid verification of true hybrids by employing 20 SSR molecular markers. The experimental materials consisted of three distinct cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines including ICMA 843-22, ICMA 04999, and ICMA 02333, used as female parents along with three fertility restorers, viz., ICMR 01004, ICMR 20233, and ICMR 20342, were utilized as male parents. The analysis of SSR profiles was based on distinctive banding patterns, resulting in unique profiles for the hybrids. The amplified fragment sizes ranged between 90 to 300 base pairs (bp), effectively enabling the differentiation of authentic hybrids. Within the specific crosses, the percentage of polymorphism was determined 75% for the cross ICMA 843-22 × ICMR 01004, 80% for the cross combination ICMA 04999 × ICMR 20233, and 75% for the cross ICMA 02333 × ICMR 20342. The true hybrids were calculated using hybrid purity percentage formula using heterozygous banding patten among total plants evaluated. Among a total of 100 F1 plants, 85, 86, and 88 plants were accurately identified as true hybrids in the respective crosses i.e., ICMA 843-22 × ICMR 01004, ICMA 04999 × ICMR 20233, and ICMA 02333 × ICMR 20342. The identified markers hold significant potential for applications such as hybridity test, genetic purity assessments, diverse germplasm identification, and DNA fingerprinting endeavors in future.
Antidepressant Use and Mortality Among Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Huang Kuan-Lun , Chen Yi-Lung , Stewart Robert , Chen Vincent Chin-Hung 
Published: September 2023

ImportanceLiver cancer, primarily hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Although some studies have proposed that antidepressants may have apoptotic effects on cancer, no study has examined the association between antidepressant use and HCC prognosis.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between antidepressant use and mortality risk in patients with HCC.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis population-based cohort study analyzed Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database, which covers 99% of Taiwan’s population and includes comprehensive medical information. Patients with a new diagnosis of HCC between 1999 and 2017 were identified. Analysis took place in June 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresAll patients with HCC were followed up until 2018 to measure overall and cancer-specific mortality. To examine whether the timing of antidepressant use influenced the association with mortality, antidepressant use was examined before and after HCC diagnosis. Cox proportional hazards regression was performed to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and the 95% CIs for the association between antidepressant use and overall mortality and cancer-specific mortality.ResultsThe study cohort comprised 308 938 participants, primarily consisting of older individuals (131 991 [42.7%] were aged ≥65 years) with a higher proportion of male individuals (202 589 [65.6%]). Antidepressant use before the diagnosis of HCC was not associated with lower risks of overall mortality (adjusted HR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.08-1.12) and cancer-specific mortality (adjusted HR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.96-1.17). However, antidepressant use after a diagnosis of HCC was associated with a lower risk of overall mortality (adjusted HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.68-0.70) and cancer-specific mortality (adjusted HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.59-0.68). The observed associations were consistent across subgroups with different antidepressant classes and comorbidities, including hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus infection, liver cirrhosis, and alcohol use disorders.Conclusions and RelevanceBased on this nationwide cohort study, postdiagnosis antidepressant use may be associated with lower mortality in patients with HCC. Further randomized clinical trial evaluation should be considered.
Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy After Interval Cytoreductive Surgery for Patients With Advanced-Stage Ovarian Cancer Who Had Received Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Lee Jung-Yun , Lee Yong Jae , Son Joo-Hyuk , Kim Sunghoon , Choi Min Chul , Suh Dong Hoon , Song Jae-Yun , Hong Dae Gy , Kim Mi Kyung , Kim Jae-Hoon , Chang Suk-Joon 
Published: September 2023

ImportanceHyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) followed by interval cytoreductive surgery (ICS) has shown survival benefits for patients with advanced-stage ovarian cancer. However, there is still a lack of consensus regarding the integration of HIPEC into clinical practice.ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and effectiveness of ICS with HIPEC compared with ICS alone in clinical practice for patients with advanced-stage ovarian cancer.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prospective, multicenter, comparative effectiveness cohort study enrolled 205 patients with stage III or IV ovarian cancer who had received at least 3 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by ICS with HIPEC or ICS without HIPEC at 7 Korean Gynecologic Oncology Group institutions between September 1, 2017, and April 22, 2022. Nine patients were excluded because they did not meet the inclusion criteria.ExposuresNeoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by ICS with HIPEC or ICS without HIPEC.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS). Overall survival (OS) and the safety profile were the key secondary end points.ResultsThis study included 196 patients (median age, 58.0 years [range, 38-82 years]), of whom 109 underwent ICS with HIPEC and 87 underwent ICS without HIPEC. The median duration of follow-up was 28.2 months (range, 3.5-58.6 months). Disease recurrence occurred in 128 patients (65.3%), and 30 patients (15.3%) died. Interval cytoreductive surgery with HIPEC was associated with a significant improvement in median PFS compared with ICS without HIPEC (22.9 months [95% CI, 3.5-58.6 months] vs 14.2 months [95% CI, 4.0-56.2 months]; P = .005) and median OS (not reached [95% CI, 3.5 months to not reached] vs 53.0 [95% CI, 4.6-56.2 months]; P = .002). The frequency of grade 3 or 4 postoperative complications was similar in both groups (ICS with HIPEC, 3 of 109 [2.8%] vs ICS without HIPEC, 3 of 87 [3.4%]; P &amp;gt; .99). Among patients with recurrence, the frequency of peritoneal recurrence was lower in the ICS with HIPEC group than in the ICS without HIPEC group (21 of 64 [32.8%] vs 41 of 64 [64.1%]; P = .001).Conclusions and RelevanceThis study suggests that ICS in conjunction with HIPEC was associated with longer PFS and OS than ICS without HIPEC for patients with advanced-stage ovarian cancer and was not associated with higher rates of postoperative complications. The lower rate of peritoneal recurrence after HIPEC may be associated with improved OS.
The developmental characteristics of proactive and reactive aggression in late childhood: The effect of parental control
Authors: Guo Zhaoming , Hu Qian , Chen Jing , Hong Defan , Huang Yingying , Lv Jing , Xu Yuan , Zhang Ruiping , Jiang Suo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPrevious research has confirmed that parental control is related to children's aggressive behavior. However, few studies have focused on proactive and reactive aggression to distinguish the different effects of parental psychological and behavioral control. Moreover, additional longitudinal evidence is needed to understand these links. In the current paper, a three‐wave longitudinal study was conducted to examine the developmental characteristics of proactive and reactive aggression and the role of parental control in China. A total of 484 4th‐ and 7th‐grade students participated at wave 1 (51.65% in 4th‐grade, Mage = 11.66 ± 1.52 years), 465 students (52.04% in 4th‐grade) at wave 2, and 447 children (51.90% in 4th‐grade) at wave 3. The results showed that: (1) Proactive aggression in late childhood remained stable overall, while reactive aggression displayed a clear upward trend. (2) In proactive aggression, boys and girls had a consistent developmental trend. The initial level of boys was higher than that of girls. In reactive aggression, the growth rate was inversely associated with their initial level and the initial level of boys in 7th‐grade was significantly higher than that of girls. (3) Both parental psychological and behavioral control positively predicted students’ reactive aggression in 4th‐ and 7th‐grade, whereas only parental behavioral control positively predicted proactive aggression in 7th‐grade students, with no gender differences.
Evaluation of computed tomography metal artifact and CyberKnife fiducial recognition for novel size fiducial markers
Authors: Nemoto Hikaru , Saito Masahide , Suzuki Toshihiro , Suzuki Hidekazu , Sano Naoki , Mochizuki Zennosuke , Mochizuki Koji , Ueda Koji , Komiyama Takafumi , Marino Kan , Aoki Shinichi , Oguri Mitsuhiko , Takahashi Hiroshi , Onishi Hiroshi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to compare fiducial markers used in CyberKnife treatment in terms of metal artifact intensity observed in CT images and fiducial recognition in the CyberKnife system affected by patient body thickness and type of marker.MethodsFive markers, ACCULOC 0.9 mm × 3 mm, Ball type Gold Anchor (GA) 0.28 mm × 10 mm, 0.28 mm × 20 mm, and novel size GA 0.4 mm × 10 mm, 0.4 mm × 20 mm were evaluated. To evaluate metal artifacts of CT images, two types of CT images of water‐equivalent gels with each marker were acquired using Aquilion LB CT scanner, one applied SEMAR (SEMAR‐on) and the other did not apply this technique (SEMAR‐off). The evaluation metric of artifact intensity (MSD) which represents a variation of CT values were compared for each marker. Next, 5, 15, and 20 cm thickness of Tough Water (TW) was placed on the gel under the condition of overlapping the vertebral phantom in the Target Locating System, and the live image of each marker was acquired to compare fiducial recognition.ResultsThe mean MSD of SEMAR‐off was 78.80, 74.50, 97.25, 83.29, and 149.64 HU for ACCULOC, GA0.28 mm × 10 mm, 20 mm, and 0.40 mm × 10 mm, 20 mm, respectively. In the same manner, that of SEMAR‐on was 23.52, 20.26, 26.76, 24.89, and 33.96 HU, respectively. Fiducial recognition decreased in the order of 5, 15, and 20 cm thickness, and GA 0.4 × 20 mm showed the best recognition at thickness of 20 cm TW.ConclusionsWe demonstrated the potential to reduce metal artifacts in the CT image to the same level for all the markers we evaluated by applying SEMAR. Additionally, the fiducial recognition of each marker may vary depending on the thickness of the patient's body. Particularly, we showed that GA 0.40 × 20 mm may have more optimal recognition for CyberKnife treatment in cases of high bodily thickness in comparison to the other markers.
Shallow kinetics induced by a metronome (SKIM): A novel contactless respiratory motion management
Authors: Sohn James , Polizzi Mitchell , McDonagh Philip Reed , Guy Christopher , Datsang Rabten , Weiss Elisabeth , Kim Siyong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesAs an alternative to conventional compression amidst the COVID‐19 pandemic, we developed a contactless motion management strategy. By increasing the patient's breathing rate to induce shallow breathing with the aid of a metronome, our hypothesis is that the motion magnitude of the target may be minimized without physical contact or compression.MethodsFourteen lung stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) patients treated under fast shallow‐breathing (FSB) were selected for inclusion in this retrospective study. Our proposed method is called shallow kinetics induced by a metronome (SKIM). We induce FSB by setting the beats‐per‐minute (BPM) high (typically in the range of 50–60). This corresponded to a patient breathing rate of 25–30 (breathing) cycles per minute. The magnitude of target motion in 3D under SKIM was evaluated using 4DCT datasets. Comparison with free breathing (FB) 4DCT was also made for a subset for which FB data available.ResultsThe overall effectiveness of SKIM was evaluated with 18 targets (14 patients). Direct comparison with FB was performed with 12 targets (10 patients). The vector norm mean ± SD value of motion magnitude under SKIM for 18 targets was 8.2 ± 4.1 mm. The mean ± SD metronome BPM was 54.9 ± 4.0 in this group. The vector norm means ± SD values of target motion for FB and SKIM in the 12 target sub‐group were 14.6 ± 8.5 mm and 9.3 ± 3.7 mm, respectively. The mean ± SD metronome BPM for this sub‐group was 56.3 ± 2.5.ConclusionCompared with FB, SKIM can significantly reduce respiratory motion magnitude of thoracic targets. The difference in maximum motion reduction in the overall vector norm, S‐I, and A‐P directions was significant (p = 0.033, 0.042, 0.011). Our proposed method can be an excellent practical alternative to conventional compression due to its flexibility and ease of implementation.
Laminin–Dynamic Bonds Enable Multifunctionality in a Biological 2D Network
Authors: Bhuvanesh Thanga , Nie Yan , Machatschek Rainhard , Ma Nan , Lendlein Andreas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA layer of laminins, assembled on a thin sheet of collagen type IV (Col‐IV) forms the backbone of the basal lamina, which controls biological processes such as embryogenesis, tissue homeostasis, and development. Here, the dynamic functions of laminin‐111 (Lam‐111) in ultrathin films at the air–water interface are investigated. It is shown that the 2D confinement induces polymerization and that expansion via adlayer formation occurs only with extended growth time. The highly robust self‐assembly enables the functionalization of surfaces with cross‐linked 2D Lam‐111 networks of defined thickness using little more than a beaker. The 2D laminin material also displays two dynamic functions required for the maintenance of tissues – the capability for self‐renewal and self‐healing. By assembling Lam‐111 2D networks at the surface of Col‐IV sheets, freestanding bilayers closely mimicking the basal lamina can be produced in vitro. There is a marked difference in miPSC spreading and adhesion force between Lam‐111 sheets assembled in the presence or absence of Col‐IV. These fundamental studies highlight the importance of dynamic functions, encoded into the molecular structure of the building blocks, for the assembly, maintenance, and functioning of the complex material systems found in natural tissues and can provide cues for the molecular design of resilient technical systems.
Hyperelastic, Robust, Fire‐Safe Multifunctional MXene Aerogels with Unprecedented Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Efficiency
Authors: Wang Hengrui , Jiang Yue , Ma Zhewen , Shi Yongqian , Zhu Yanjun , Huang Ruizhe , Feng Yuezhan , Wang Zubin , Hong Min , Gao Jiefeng , Tang Long‐Cheng , Song Pingan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMXene aerogels have shown great potential for many important functional applications, in particular electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. However, it has been a grand challenge to create mechanically hyperelastic, air‐stable, and durable MXene aerogels for enabling effective EMI protection at low concentrations due to the difficulties in achieving tailorable porous structures, excellent mechanical elasticity, and desired antioxidation capabilities of MXene in air. Here, a facile strategy for fabricating MXene composite aerogels by co‐assembling MXene and cellulose nanofibers during freeze‐drying followed by surface encapsulation with fire‐retardant thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is reported. Because of the maximum utilization of pore structures of MXene, and conductive loss enhanced by multiple internal reflections, as‐prepared aerogel with 3.14 wt% of MXene exhibits an exceptionally high EMI shielding effectiveness of 93.5 dB, and an ultra‐high MXene utilization efficiency of 2977.71 dB g g−1, tripling the values in previous works. Owing to the presence of multiple hydrogen bonding and the TPU elastomer, the aerogel exhibits a hyperelastic feature with additional strength, excellent stability, superior durability, and high fire safety. This study provides a facile strategy for creating multifunctional aerogels with great potential for applications in EMI protection, wearable devices, thermal management, pressure sensing, and intelligent fire monitoring.
A Stable and Self‐Healing Thermochromic Polymer Coating for All Weather Thermal Regulation
Authors: Liu Yuncong , Zhang Yucheng , Chen Tao , Jin Zhekai , Feng Wenwen , Li Mengxue , Chen Lili , Wang Chao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEnergy‐free thermal regulation is in great demand nowadays. Thermochromic materials are widely explored and used in smart windows. However, most thermochromic materials have fixed transition temperature and still suffer from poor stability. To overcome this challenge, a thermochromic polymer coating based on ion–dipole interaction with switchable transition temperature, high stability toward several harsh environments, self‐healing, and radiative cooling property is developed. It can continuously tune from transparent to opaque according to the temperature change. The lower critical transition temperature can be tuned from 33 to 43 °C by simply adjusting the composition of ionic liquids. Owing to the fluorine polymer backbone and dynamic ion–dipole interactions, it can also keep stable in aquatic, −20 °C, and 70 °C environments and self‐heal upon damage thus prolonging its working life for real applications.
Impact of Intermolecular Interactions between Halogenated Volatile Solid Additives and the Nonfullerene Acceptor in Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Zhao Jingjing , Chung Sein , Li Hongxiang , Zhao Zhenmin , Zhu Chaofeng , Yin Jun , Cho Kilwon , Kan Zhipeng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe halogenated volatile solid additives can delicately optimize the active layer morphology of organic solar cells, improving the devices' performance, stability, and reproducibility. However, what type of intermolecular interaction occurs between the solid additives and the active layer and whether the interaction truly impacts the donor or acceptor remains debatable. Herein, the focus is on halogenated volatile solid additives with conjugated benzene rings and their influence on the morphology of the active layer composed of PM6:Y6 as they evaporated. The absorbance spectra exhibit apparent red‐shift features in Y6 absorption regions, while the donor part is unaffected. The theoretical calculation results reveal that the additives can stay between two Y6 molecules and form halogen bonds, affecting the π–π aggregation properties of Y6. As a result, the crystalline features of the active layer are altered, leading to increased charge carrier mobilities, extended charge carrier diffusion lengths, reduced bimolecular charge recombination, and thus the device performance. Especially when 1,3,5‐tri bromobenzene is used, a champion power conversion efficiency of 17.9% is attained, among the best‐performed organic solar cells comprising PM6:Y6. The findings shed light on theoretical and experimental guidelines for designing and developing volatile solid additives for highly efficient nonfullerene organic solar cells.
Intercalation Pseudocapacitance in 2D VS2/Ti3C2Tx MXene Hybrids for All‐Climate and Long‐Cycle Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhao Zhenyun , Wu Yang , Hu Rui , Lu Jianguo , Chen Dongliang , Li Tongtong , Guo Yunna , Zhang Liqiang , Chen Hongwen , Ye Zhizhen , Zhang Chuanfang (John) 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLayered transition metal dichalcogenides have great potential as anodes of sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) due to their high theoretical specific capacity. However, the restacking severely limits their accessible sites, leading to undesirable specific capacity, cycle stability, and working temperature range. Herein, a hierarchical 2D VS2/Ti3C2Tx MXene hybrid is designed via a simple liquid‐mixing method, where VS2 is confined in the conductive Ti3C2Tx matrix with chemical connections built between them. The in situ transmission electron microscopy analyses reveal that the hybrid depends on a very fast and reversible intercalation/de‐intercalation process between VS2 and NaxVS2 (where x = 1) to store sodium. Theoretical calculations disclose that the Ti3C2Tx matrix remarkably enhances the charge transfer and alleviates the volume expansion of VS2 especially after Na+ is inserted. Consequently, such a rational design exhibits an intercalation pseudocapacitance‐dominant mechanism, with excellent specific capacity (522 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1), rate capability (342 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1), cycle life (116% after 3000 cycles), and also all‐climate workability (with high specific capacity and long‐term cycle stability even at 70 and −40 °C). This study may open up a new vision to design fast‐charging, long‐cycle, and all‐climate SIBs anodes based on the intercalation pseudocapacitance.
Tailoring the Functionality of Additives for Enhancing the Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Yalan , Park Nam‐Gyu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn a two‐step procedure for fabricating perovskite films, the PbI2 layer formed on the substrate is converted to perovskite by reacting PbI2 with organic iodide. Excess PbI2 left after forming perovskite composition, however, might have an ill effect on device stability and current–voltage hysteresis, although it positively affects efficiency improvement. Additive engineering is reported here on to control the residual PbI2 in a two‐step procedure. A series of organic multi‐ammonium chloride derivatives are introduced into the PbI2 precursor solution for the first‐step coating, which results in an increase in the perovskite grain size. In addition, carrier lifetime is elongated due to the reduced trap density and the energetics are adjusted to facilitate the extraction of photogenerated carriers. The aminoguanidinium‐containing precursor leads to an improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) as compared to the bare PbI2 precursor mainly due to the significantly enhanced open‐circuit voltage and fill factor. Consequently, a PCE of 23.46% is achieved from the hysteresis‐less photovoltaic parameters and 93% of the initial PCE is maintained after aging for 1000 h in ambient conditions.