bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continental-wide population genetics and post-Pleistocene range expansion in field maple (Acer campestre L.), a subdominant temperate broadleaved tree species
Authors: Wahlsteen Eric , Avramidou Evangelia V. , Bozic Gregor , Mediouni Rida Mohammed , Schuldt Bernhard , Sobolewska Halina 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAcer campestre L. is a rarely silviculturally managed and poorly investigated European tree species which forms seminatural populations and can thus be considered as a model tree for studying post glacial colonisation and phylogeography. Herein, we studied the genetic structure of Acer campestre L. in order to investigate population and genetic diversity clines over the distribution range and for synthesizing the results into a post-Pleistocene range expansion hypothesis. We characterised the genetic diversity and population structure of 61 Acer campestre populations using 12 microsatellite markers. The three detected gene pools are structured geographically creating a longitudinal pattern corresponding with their proposed refugial origin. The results indicated a longitudinal population cline with three strong but highly admixed gene pools. Based on the possible signal from the structure results, a number of phylogeographic dispersal hypotheses were tested using approximate Bayesian computation, and this analysis supported the three refugia scenario with a simultaneous divergence prior to the last glacial maximum. Acer campestre shows a typical decrease in population diversity with northern and western distribution and signatures of surfing alleles in the western expansion axis in 2% of the included alleles. Acer campestre exhibits a high degree of admixture among populations and typical signatures of isolation by distance with no naturally delimited subpopulations. The population structure is rather impacted by geographically, than climatologically means with surfing alleles and alleles strongly limited to geographical areas. Our data also suggest that the population structure still today harbours signatures of post glacial migrations from Mediterranean as well as northern glacial refugia.
Identifiability of Hidden Markov Models for Learning Trajectories in Cognitive Diagnosis
Authors: Liu Ying , Culpepper Steven Andrew , Chen Yuguo 
Published: February 2023

Hidden Markov models (HMMs) have been applied in various domains, which makes the identifiability issue of HMMs popular among researchers. Classical identifiability conditions shown in previous studies are too strong for practical analysis. In this paper, we propose generic identifiability conditions for discrete time HMMs with finite state space. Also, recent studies about cognitive diagnosis models (CDMs) applied first-order HMMs to track changes in attributes related to learning. However, the application of CDMs requires a known Q\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$\varvec{Q}$$\end{document} matrix to infer the underlying structure between latent attributes and items, and the identifiability constraints of the model parameters should also be specified. We propose generic identifiability constraints for our restricted HMM and then estimate the model parameters, including the Q\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$\varvec{Q}$$\end{document} matrix, through a Bayesian framework. We present Monte Carlo simulation results to support our conclusion and apply the developed model to a real dataset.
Towards a Richer Understanding of Language and Identity in the MNC: Constructing Cosmopolitan Identities Through “English”
Authors: Karhunen Päivi , Kankaanranta Anne , Räisänen Tiina 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBringing in insights from sociolinguistics, this conceptual paper advances the theorizing on language and identity in the MNC, viewed as socially constructed by individuals in interaction when they cross fluid linguistic and geographical boundaries. We posit that the identities of global business professionals in the MNC are not intrinsically tied to nationality and native language, they are rather cosmopolitan and constructed in interactions in English as the working language (BELF: English as a Business Lingua Franca). We further conceptualize the multilingual MNC as a social constellation – providing the context for processes of identity construction but also shaped by them. We outline three propositions that capture the ways in which BELF contributes to the construction of a cosmopolitan identity on three dimensions (individual, interactional and contextual) in multilingual professional MNC settings. The first one concerns the identification of individuals as participants in BELF interactions drawing from their different linguistic resources, national origins and professions, and previous experiences. The focus in the second one is on BELF interactions that manifest an orientation to both sharedness and difference in skills, knowledge and social relations. The third proposition concerns the MNC context in terms of enabling BELF interactions and being (re)constructed as a social constellation with fluid linguistic and geographical boundaries. We further elaborate on the methodological implications of sociolinguistic and cosmopolitan approaches to IM research on identity in general, and how our propositions could guide future research on language and identity in the MNC in particular.
Post-thoracotomy intercostal artery pseudoaneurysm manifesting as a chest wall metastasis
Authors: Kostopanagiotou Konstantinos , Wojtyś Małgorzata Edyta , Kiełbowski Kajetan , Papagiannopoulos Konstantinos 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntercostal artery pseudoaneurysm (IAP) represents an extremely rare vascular abnormality developing after an insult to the vascular wall with blood collection within the vascular wall layers and subsequent dilatation. Treatment options, apart from observation, include embolization, endovascular stenting, and surgical correction. We describe the case of a 73-year-old male patient with colonic adenocarcinoma pulmonary metastasis. Repetitive wedge resections and a right lower lobectomy were performed to remove multiple metastatic lesions. At follow-up assessment, the patient reported localized thoracotomy site pain progressing with time and unresponsive to oral analgesics. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed a pseudoaneurysm of 4-cm diameter of the right 5th intercostal artery. The patient underwent embolization of the lumen and was discharged from the hospital after 24 h. Successive CT re-assessment checks were unremarkable.
Conjunctive and additive group work reduce academic procrastination: insights from a vignette study
Authors: Koppenborg Markus , Klingsieck Katrin B. , Hüffmeier Joachim 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGroup work can increase individual effort, performance, and positive affect, if group members perceive their own contribution as indispensable for the group product. A vignette methodology was applied to investigate whether group work may also reduce procrastination. The vignettes described a typical academic assignment, while varying the task structure (individual work vs. conjunctive group work vs. additive group work) and group member ability (high vs. low). For each vignette, student participants (N = 443) provided ratings on their perceived indispensability, procrastination of the assignment, and affect. When group member ability was high, procrastination was lower in additive group work as compared to individual work. When group member ability was low, procrastination was lower in conjunctive group work as compared to both individual work and additive group work. As predicted, perceived indispensability mediated the difference in procrastination between conjunctive and additive group work. Moderation analyses further revealed that the effects were more pronounced for high trait procrastinators. Further, both types of group work led to increases in task-related positive affect as compared to individual work. By demonstrating the relevance of group work as a social factor, the results should be useful for the extension of existing programs targeting procrastination, and may inspire measures for preventing procrastination by changes in the study environment.
Sodium-Glukose-Transporter 2-Hemmer bei Herzinsuffizienz mit erhaltener Auswurffraktion
Authors: Böhm Michael , Bauersachs Johann 
Published: February 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Nachdem Sodium-Glukose-Transporter 2(SGLT2)-Hemmstoffe klinische Endpunkte (kardiovaskulärer Tod und Herzinsuffizienzhospitalisierungen) bei der Behandlung der Herzinsuffizienz mit reduzierter Ejektionsfraktion reduziert haben, wurde untersucht, ob sie auch bei Herzinsuffizienz mit erhaltener sowie mäßiggradig reduzierter Ejektionsfraktion (HFpEF bzw. HFmrEF) positive Wirkungen erzielen.

Ziel der Arbeit
Es erfolgt eine Zusammenfassung der neuen Daten zu SGLT2-Hemmern bei Patienten mit HFpEF und HFmrEF.

Material und Methoden
Es wurde eine selektive Literaturrecherche vorgenommen.

Ergebnisse und Diskussion
Für Dapagliflozin (DELIVER) und Empagliflozin (EMPEROR-Preserved) wurden kontrollierte randomisierte Endpunktstudien bei HFpEF und HFmrEF bei Diabetikern und Nichtdiabetikern vorgelegt. Sie zeigen gegenüber Placebo eine Verbesserung des primären kombinierten Endpunktes von kardiovaskulär bedingten Todesfällen oder Hospitalisierungen wegen Verschlechterung der Herzinsuffizienz (für Dapagliflozin war auch eine dringliche Vorstellung wegen einer Verschlechterung der Herzinsuffizienz Teil des Endpunkts). Für Dapagliflozin wurde der primäre Endpunkt relativ zu Placebo auf 16,4 % gegenüber 19,5 % für Placebo reduziert (Hazard Ratio 0,82, 95 %-Konfidenzintervall 0,73–0,92, p < 0,001). Ähnliche Ergebnisse zeigten sich für Empagliflozin (13,8 % vs. 17,1 %; Hazard Ratio 0,79, 95 %-Konfidenzintervall 0,69–0,90, p < 0,001). Auch die meisten präspezifizierten sekundären Endpunkte wurden in beiden Studien durch die SGLT2-Hemmer reduziert.

Schlussfolgerung
SGLT2-Hemmer zeigen als erste Substanzklasse eine signifikante Senkung klinischer Endpunkte bei HFpEF und HFmrEF. Somit besteht über das gesamte Spektrum der linksventrikulären Ejektionsfraktionen bei Patienten mit Herzinsuffizienz eine protektive Wirkung der SGLT2-Hemmung.
The long-run effects of government expenditure on private investments: a panel CS-ARDL approach
Authors: Carvelli Gianni 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe re-explore the link between government expenditure and private investments within a modern econometric framework. Performing a dynamic analysis on a panel of 28 OECD countries over 1990–2019, we account for nonstationarity, country-heterogeneity, and cross-sectional dependence. By estimating an ECM version of the novel CS-ARDL model, we find robust evidence of both short-run and long-run adverse effects of aggregate government expenditure on private investments. Increases in productive expenditure have no significant effect on the long-run dynamics of private investments, whereas reallocating public resources towards productive expenditure enhances them. By contrast, both level increases and shifts of resources towards unproductive expenditure discourage capital formation in the private sector. Using the government budget constraint (GBC) system, we observe that the effects of government expenditure depend on how it is financed. In most cases, the short-run fall in private investments is mainly associated with tax-financed expenditure, while debt-financed expenditure appears to be the most detrimental in the long-run.
Urinary Marker Profiles in Heart Failure with Reduced Versus Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Streng Koen W. , Hillege Hans L. , ter Maaten Jozine M. , van Veldhuisen Dirk J. , Dickstein Kenneth , Samani Nilesh J. , Ng Leong L. , Metra Marco , Filippatos Gerasimos S. , Ponikowski Piotr , Zannad Faiez , Anker Stefan D. , van der Meer Peter , Lang Chim C. , Voors Adriaan A. , Damman Kevin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Recent data suggest different causes of renal dysfunction between heart failure with reduced (HFrEF) versus preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). We therefore studied a wide range of urinary markers reflecting different nephron segments in heart failure patients.

Methods
In 2070, in chronic heart failure patients, we measured several established and upcoming urinary markers reflecting different nephron segments.

Results
Mean age was 70 ± 12 years, 74% was male and 81% (n = 1677) had HFrEF. Mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was lower in patients with HFpEF (56 ± 23 versus 63 ± 23 ml/min/1.73 m2, P = 0.001). Patients with HFpEF had significantly higher values of NGAL (58.1 [24.0–124.8] versus 28.1 [14.6–66.9] μg/gCr, P < 0.001) and KIM-1 (2.28 [1.49–4.37] versus 1.79 [0.85–3.49] μg/gCr, P = 0.001). These differences were more pronounced in patients with an eGFR > 60 ml/min/1.73m2.

Conclusions
HFpEF patients showed more evidence of tubular damage and/or dysfunction compared with HFrEF patients, in particular when glomerular function was preserved.
Reflections of Graduating Medical Students: A Photo-Elicitation Study
Authors: Wilson Robert , Varshney Karan , Petrera Matteo , Hoff Nathan , Thiel Vanessa , Frasso Rosemary 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Medical school is associated with increased mental health morbidity that can result in professional burnout. To explore the sources of stress and means of coping for medical students, the photo-elicitation method was utilized, with interviews being conducted. The commonly discussed stressors included the presence of academic stress, difficulty relating to peers outside of medicine, frustration, feelings of helplessness and under-preparedness, imposter syndrome, and competition. Coping themes included camaraderie, interpersonal relationships, and wellness activities such as diet and exercise. Medical students are exposed to unique stressors, and as a result, students develop coping strategies throughout their studies. Further research is needed to identify how to better support students.
Experiment and DEM simulation study on mechanical behaviors of shale under triaxial cyclic loading and unloading conditions
Authors: Yin Peng-Fei , Yang Sheng-Qi , Gao Feng , Tian Wen-Ling 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDuring shale gas exploration, natural fractures in shale reservoirs may be induced by cyclic loads frequently encountered in different geological processes, including tectonic movements, seismic actions, and artificial construction interference (vertical and horizontal wells drilling and cyclic hydraulic fracturing). In this paper, experiments and PFC2D simulations are conducted to investigate the mechanical response and mechanism of shale specimens under cyclic loading and unloading. Using the experimental and simulation results, the strength and deformation characteristics and strain energy and damage evolutions during the cyclic loading-unloading process are quantified and analyzed. The damage variable characterized by plastic deformation, deformation modulus, and dissipated energy is thoroughly analyzed. Based on the PFC2D simulation, the micro-crack distribution and evolution are further studied, and the results can reflect the experiments well and reveal the damage mechanism under cyclic loading. Furthermore, the experiments and simulations indicate that the degree of fatigue damage is closely related to the number of cycles the specimens undergo, and a small number of cycles may not have a distinct effect on the strength.
Design of Customized Garments Towards Sustainable Fashion Using 3D Digital Simulation and Machine Learning-Supported Human–Product Interactions
Authors: Wang Zhujun , Tao Xuyuan , Zeng Xianyi , Xing Yingmei , Xu Zhenzhen , Bruniaux Pascal 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper put forward a new interactive design approach for customized garments towards sustainable fashion using machine learning techniques, including radial basis function artificial neural network (RBF ANN), genetic algorithms (GA), probabilistic neural network (PNN), and support vector regression (SVR). First, RBF ANNs were employed to estimate the detailed human body dimensions to fulfill consumers’ ergonomics requirements. Next, the GA-based models were developed to generate the formalized design solutions following the consumer profiles (demands). Afterwards, the evaluation model was established to quantitatively characterize the relations between consumer profiles and garment profiles from the generated design solutions. The design solutions would be digitally demonstrated and recommended to the consumer following the evaluation results in descending order. Meanwhile, the PNN-based models were created to predict garment fitness based on virtual try-on. Moreover, the SVR-based self-adjustment mechanism was built to estimate and control garment design parameters according to the consumer’s feedback. Based on these mathematical models, the approach enhances the interactions among digital garment demonstration, the designer’s professional knowledge and the user’s perception to find out the most relevant design solution. The effectiveness of the new approach was verified by a real application case of leisure pants customization. The results show that the proposed method can powerfully support the designers’ quality personalized design solutions for consumers more accurately, fast, intelligently, and sustainably, compared with the existing approaches. More importantly, it also establishes an effective and reliable communication channel and mechanism among consumers, fashion designers, pattern designer, and garment producer.
Multi-Omics of Circular RNAs and Their Responses to Hormones in Moso Bamboo (Phyllostachys Edulis)
Authors: Wang Yongsheng , Wang Huihui , Wang Huiyuan , Zhou Ruifan , Wu Ji , Zhang Zekun , Jin Yandong , Li Tao , Kohnen Markus V. , Liu Xuqing , Wei Wentao , Chen Kai , Gao Yubang , Ding Jiazhi , Zhang Hangxiao , Liu Bo , Lin Chentao , Gu Lianfeng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenous non-coding RNAs with covalently closed structures, which have important functions in plants. However, their biogenesis, degradation, and function upon treatment with gibberellins (GAs) and auxins (1-naphthaleneacetic acid, NAA) remain unknown. Here, we systematically identified and characterized the expression patterns, evolutionary conservation, genomic features, and internal structures of circRNAs using RNase R-treated libraries from moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) seedlings. Moreover, we investigated the biogenesis of circRNAs dependent on both cis- and trans-regulation. We explored the function of circRNAs, including their roles in regulating microRNA (miRNA)-related genes and modulating the alternative splicing of their linear counterparts. Importantly, we developed a customized degradome sequencing approach to detect miRNA-mediated cleavage of circRNAs. Finally, we presented a comprehensive view of the participation of circRNAs in the regulation of hormone metabolism upon treatment of bamboo seedlings with GA and NAA. Collectively, our study provides insights into the biogenesis, function, and miRNA-mediated degradation of circRNAs in moso bamboo.
Optimizing clinical guidelines to address antimicrobial-resistant infections: A conceptual framework reflecting stakeholder perspectives
Authors: Powell Rhea E. , Felt-Lisk Sue , Chen Arnold , Sullivan Casey 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objectives:
Clinical guidelines or guidance is an important tool for preventing and treating antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) infections. We sought to understand and support the effective use of guidelines and guidance for AMR infections.

Methods:
Key informant interviews and a stakeholder meeting on the development and use of guidelines and guidance for management of AMR infections; the interview findings and meeting discussion informed a conceptual framework for AMR infection clinical guidelines.

Participants:
Interview participants included experts with experience in guidelines development and physician and pharmacist hospital leaders and antibiotic stewardship program leaders. Stakeholder meeting participants included federal and nonfederal participants involved in research, policy, and practice related to prevention and management of AMR infections.

Results:
Participants described challenges related to timeliness of guidelines, methodologic limitations of the development process, and issues with usability across a range of clinical settings. These findings, and participants’ suggestions for mitigating the challenges identified, informed a conceptual framework for AMR infection clinical guidelines. The framework components include (1) science and evidence, (2) guideline and guidance development and dissemination, and (3) implementation and real-world practice. These components are supported by engaged stakeholders whose leadership and resources help to improve patient and population AMR infection prevention and management.

Conclusions:
Use of guidelines and guidance documents for management of AMR infections can be supported through (1) a robust body of scientific evidence to inform guidelines and guidance; (2) approaches and tools to support timely, transparent guidelines that are relevant and actionable for all clinical audiences; and (3) tools to implement guidelines and guidance effectively.
Integrating sine and cosine Maclaurin remainders
Authors: Gordon Russell A. 
Published: February 2023

In order to state our primary results, we must first establish some
notation. Let S-1 (x) = sin x and C-1 (x) = cos x, then for each non-negative integer n, let
these are the remainders of the Maclaurin series for sine and cosine, respectively. Note that for each and for each . It is known that
See [1] for several different proofs of the well-known fact that
the values of αn and βn for then follow rather easily using induction and integration by parts. (Details are provided in the Appendix.)
That Does Not Compute: David Lewis on Credence and Chance
Authors: Belot Gordon 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLike Lewis, many philosophers hold reductionist accounts of chance (on which claims about chance are to be understood as claims that certain patterns of events are instantiated) and maintain that rationality requires that credence should defer to chance (in the sense that under certain circumstances one’s credence in an event must coincide with the chance of that event). It is a shortcoming of an account of chance if it implies that this norm of rationality is unsatisfiable by computable agents. This shortcoming is more common than one might have hoped.
Excavation in the Sky: Historical Inference in Astronomy
Authors: Yao Siyu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe philosophy of historical sciences investigates their distinct objects of study, epistemic challenges, and methodological solutions. Rethinking astronomy in this light offers a contribution. First, the methodology of historical sciences adds to a more adequate description of how astronomers study and utilize token events. Second, astronomy faces a typical difficulty in identifying traces of some past events and has developed a delicate solution. This enriches the idea of trace and suggests a methodology that relies on iterations between data-driven approaches and theory-driven approaches, together with the cross-validation between multiple relevant historical events or datasets.