bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subclavian Vein Collapsibility as a Predictor of Fluid Responsiveness in
Spontaneously Breathing Hypotensive Patients
Authors: Mahendran Manjit , Kumar Arvind , Hari Smriti , Usman Mohd , Ahmad Khan Maroof , Ranjan Piyush , Soneja Manish , Vikram Naval K. , Biswas Ashutosh , Aggarwal Praveen , Wig Naveet 
Published: April 2023

Background and Objective:
Volume replacement remains the cornerstone of resuscitation in critically ill patients. This study explored the ability of the subclavian vein collapsibility index to predict fluid responsiveness.

Methods:
In this prospective observational study conducted in the Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, sonographic evaluation of inferior vena cava and the right subclavian vein was carried out at three time points for hypotensive patients admitted to the emergency department. The study population was divided into two groups: responders and non-responders, based on a ≥ 15 % increase in stroke volume following fluid bolus.

Results:
Among 45 recruited patients, 33 patients were responders. The area under the ROC curve for SCV CI at baseline to predict fluid responsiveness was 0.745 (95% confidence interval: 0.549 – 0.941; p = 0.014). An SCV-CI of 46 % predicted fluid responsiveness in a hypotensive patient in terms of change in stroke volume by 15% following fluid bolus with a sensitivity of 87.88 % (95 % confidence interval: 71.80% to 96.60%) and specificity of 66.67 % (95 % confidence interval: 34.89% to 90.08%). Spearman’s correlation coefficient between IVC CI and SCV CI was 0.59 (p < 0.001, n = 135).

Conclusion:
The results of the study demonstrated that right subclavian vein respiratory variation has the ability to predict fluid responsiveness in a spontaneously breathing patient in circulatory shock and correlates with the inferior vena cava collapsibility index. The subclavian vein can be an alternative to the inferior vena cava in predicting fluid responsiveness in spontaneously breathing patients.
Evaluation of Doxorubicin-loaded Echogenic Macroemulsion for Targeted
Drug Delivery
Authors: Park Jong-Ryul , Kim Gayoung , Won Jongho , Kim Chul-Woo , Park Donghee 
Published: April 2023

Background:
The latest technology trend in targeted drug delivery highlights stimuliresponsive
particles that can release an anticancer drug in a solid tumor by responding to external
stimuli.

Objective:
This study aims to design, fabricate, and evaluate an ultrasound-responsive drug delivery
vehicle for an ultrasound-mediated drug delivery system.

Methods:
The drug-containing echogenic macroemulsion (eME) was fabricated by an emulsification
method using the three phases (aqueous lipid solution as a shell, doxorubicin (DOX) contained oil, and
perfluorohexane (PFH) as an ultrasound-responsive agent). The morphological structure of eMEs was
investigated using fluorescence microscopy, and the size distribution was analyzed by using DLS. The
echogenicity of eME was measured using a contrast-enhanced ultrasound device. The cytotoxicity was
evaluated using a breast cancer cell (MDA-MB-231) via an in vitro cell experiment.

Results:
The obtained eME showed an ideal morphological structure that contained both DOX and PFH
in a single particle and indicated a suitable size for enhancing ultrasound response and avoiding complications
in the blood vessel. The echogenicity of eME was demonstrated via an in vitro experiment,
with results showcasing the potential for targeted drug delivery. Compared to free DOX, enhanced cytotoxicity
and improved drug delivery efficiency in a cancer cell were proven by using DOX-loaded
eMEs and ultrasound.

Conclusion:
This study established a platform technology to fabricate the ultrasound-responsive vehicle.
The designed drug-loaded eME could be a promising platform with ultrasound technology for targeted
drug delivery.
Application of Deep Learning in the Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s
Disease: A Review
Authors: Suganya Asokan , Aarthy Seshadri Lakshminarayanan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
Most neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's are life-threatening, critical, and incurable affecting mainly the elderly
population. Early diagnosis is challenging as disease phenotype is very crucial for predicting, preventing the progression, and effective drug
discovery. In the last few years, Deep learning (DL) based neural networks are the state-of-the-art models deployed in industries and academics
across different areas like natural language processing, image analysis, speech recognition, audio classification, and many more It has been slowly
realized that they have a high potential in medical image analysis and diagnostics and medical management in general. As this field is vast and
expanding rapidly, we have put focused on existing DL-based models to detect Alzheimer’s and Parkinson's in particular. This study gives a
summary of related medical examinations for these diseases. Frameworks and applications of many deep learning models have been discussed. We
have given precise notes on pre-processing techniques used by various studies for MRI image analysis. An overview of the application of DLbased
models in different stages of medical image analysis has been conferred. It has been realized from the review that more studies are focused
on Alzheimer's compared to Parkinson's disease Additionally, we have tabulated the various public datasets available for these diseases. We have
highlighted the potential use of a novel biomarker for the early diagnosis of these disorders. Also, some challenges and issues in implementing
deep learning techniques for the detection of these diseases have been addressed. Finally, We concluded with some future research directions
regarding deep learning techniques for diagnosis of the above diseases.
A Detailed Review of Molecular Pathways and Mechanisms Responsible for the
Development and Aggravation of Neuropathy and Nephropathy in Diabetes
Authors: Saraswat Nikita , Chandra Phool , Sachan Neetu , Vyawahare Niraj 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Diabetic mellitus is responsible for triggering many conditions, such as neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy. Hyperglycemia leads to the development of oxidative stress conditions, activation of pathways, and generation of metabolites, leading to complications like neuropathy and nephropathy.

Objective:
This paper aims to discuss the mechanism of actions, pathways, and metabolites triggered due to the development of neuropathy and nephropathy post-long-haul diabetes in patients. The therapeutic targets are also highlighted, proving to be a potential cure for such conditions.

Methods:
Research works were searched from international and national databases with keywords like “diabetes,” “diabetic nephropathy,” “NADPH,” “oxidative stress,” “PKC,” “Molecular mechanisms,” “ cellular mechanisms,” “complications of diabetes,” and “factors.” The databases searched were PubMed, Scopus, Directory of open access journals, Semantic Scholar, Core, Europe PMC, EMBASE, Nutrition, FSTA- Food Science and Technology, Merck Index, Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Open, MedlinePlus, Indian citation index, World Wide Science, and Shodhganga.

Results:
Pathways causing protein kinase C (PKC) activation, free radical injury, oxidative stress, and aggravating the conditions of neuropathy and
nephropathy were discussed. In diabetic neuropathy and nephropathy, neurons and nephrons are affected to the extent that their normal physiology
is disturbed, thus leading to further complications and conditions of loss of nerve sensation in diabetic neuropathy and kidney failure in diabetic
nephropathy.

:
Current treatment options available for the management of diabetic neuropathy are anticonvulsants, antidepressants, and topical medications,
including capsaicin. According to AAN guidelines, pregabalin is recommended as the first line of therapy, whereas other drugs currently used for
treatment are gabapentin, venlafaxine, opioids, amitriptyline, and valproate.

:
Drug targets for treating diabetic neuropathy must suppress the activated polyol pathways, kinase C, hexosamine, and other pathways, which
amplify neuroinflammation. Targeted therapy must focus on the reduction of oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines and suppression of
neuroinflammation, NF-κB, AP-1, etc.

Conclusion:
Potential drug targets must be considered for new research on the treatment of neuropathy and nephropathy conditions.
Evolution of a Project to Improve Inpatient-to-Outpatient Dermatology Care Transitions: Mixed Methods Evaluation
Authors: Kling Samantha M R , Aleshin Maria A , Saliba-Gustafsson Erika A , Garvert Donn W , Brown-Johnson Cati G , Amano Alexis , Kwong Bernice Y , Calugar Ana , Shaw Jonathan G , Ko Justin M , Winget Marcy 
Published: April 2023

Background
In-hospital dermatological care has shifted from dedicated dermatology wards to consultation services, and some consulted patients may require postdischarge follow-up in outpatient dermatology. Safe and timely care transitions from inpatient-to-outpatient specialty care are critical for patient health, but communication around these transitions can be disjointed, and workflows can be complex.

Objective
In this 3-phase quality improvement effort, we developed and evaluated an intervention that leveraged an electronic health record (EHR) feature, known as SmartPhrase, to enable a new workflow to improve transitions from inpatient care to outpatient dermatology.

Methods
Phase 1 (February-March 2021) included interviews with patients and process mapping with key stakeholders to identify gaps and inform an intervention: a SmartPhrase table and associated workflow to promote collection of patient information needed for scheduling follow-up and closed-loop communication between dermatology and scheduling teams. In phase 2 (April-May 2021), semistructured interviews—with dermatologists (n=5), dermatology residents (n=5), and schedulers (n=6)—identified pain points and refinements. In phase 3, the intervention was evaluated by triangulating data from these interviews with measured changes in scheduling efficiency, visit completion, and messaging volume preimplementation (January-February 2021) and postimplementation (April-May 2021).

Results
Preintervention pain points included unclear workflow for care transitions, limited patient input in follow-up planning, multiple messaging channels (eg, EHR based, email, and phone messages), and time-inefficient patient tracking. The intervention addressed most pain points; interviewees reported the intervention was easy to adopt and improved scheduling efficiency, workload, and patient involvement. More visits were completed within the desired timeframe of 14 days after discharge during the postimplementation period (21/47, 45%) than the preimplementation period (28/41, 68%; P=.03). The messaging workload also decreased from 88 scheduling-related messages sent for 25 patients before implementation to 30 messages for 8 patients after implementation.

Conclusions
Inpatient-to-outpatient specialty care transitions are complex and involve multiple stakeholders, thus requiring multifaceted solutions. With deliberate evaluation, broad stakeholder input, and iteration, we designed and implemented a successful solution using a standard EHR feature, SmartPhrase, integrated into a standardized workflow to improve the timeliness of posthospital specialty care and reduce workload.
ANALISIS PEMASARAN PRODUK KOPI PADA IKM TO KULAWI DI KECAMATAN KULAWI SELATAN KABUPATEN SIGI
Authors: Astian Skander , S. Hamzens Wildani Pingkan , A. Laihi Moh Alfit 
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Bentuk saluran pemasaran. besaran margin pemasaran, besarnya bagian harga yang diterima oleh produsen, dan tingkat efisiensi yang telah dicapai dalam pemasaran produk kopi pada IKM To Kulawi Di Kecamatan Kulawi Selatan Kabupaten Sigi. Penentuan responden dilakukan secara sengaja (purposive) yang terdiri dari satu pimpinan, dua karyawan, satu pedagang pengecer dan satu orang konsumen. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis margin pemasaran, efisiensi pemasaran dan bagian harga. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September 2022. Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan ada dua Bentuk saluran pemasaran produk kopi pada IKM To Kulawi: Saluran pertama: Produsen – Konsumen, Saluran kedua: Produsen – Pedagang pengecer – konsumen. Besar margin pemasaranpada saluran pertama dari produsen kekonsumen tidak memiliki margin pemasaran, disebabkan karena tidak ada pedagang perantara yang terlibat dalam pemasaran, konsumen datang langsung kepada produsen untuk membeli produk kopi to kulawi, pada saluran kedua dari produsen ke pedagang pengecer memiliki margin sebesar Rp 5.000. Bagian harga yang diterima Pada saluran Pertama sebesar Rp 10.000 dengan
presentase 100 %, besar bagian harga pada saluran kedua adalah sebesar Rp 15.000 dengan presentase 66,67 %. Tingkat efisiensi yang dicapai oleh produsen pada saluran pertama sebesar 17,5%, dan tingkat efisiensi pada saluran kedua sebesar 20%.
EVALUASI KELAYAKAN FINANSIAL USAHA PENGOLAHAN IKAN TERI KERING (Studi Kasus: Bapak Alwi Di Kelurahan Mamboro Kecamatan Palu Utara KOTA PALU)
Authors: Virgianto Seeti , Laapo Alimuddin , Safitri Dian 
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan finansial pada usaha pengolahan ikan teri kering di Kelurahan Mamboro Kecamatan Palu Utara Kota Palu. Hasil Analisis Kelayakan Usaha Pengolahan Ikan Teri Kering di Kelurahan Mamboro diperoleh hasil Net Present Value (NPV) sebesar Rp. 53.476. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa NPV positif (NPV > 0), sehingga usaha pengolahan ikan teri kering di Kelurahan Mamboro dinyatakan layak untuk dijalankan. Hasil Profitability Index (PI) yang di peroleh sebesar 1,01 > 1 yang artinya PI lebih besar dari 1 sehinga usaha pengolahan ikan teri kering di Kelurahan Mamboro layak untuk dijalankan. Hasil Internal Rate of Return (IRR) yang diperoleh adalah 16,34% yang artinya usaha pengolahan ikan teri kering di Kelurahan Mamboro layak untuk dijalankan karena tingkat pengembalian suku bunga lebih besar dari pada suku bunga yang berlaku yaitu i = 10%. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan Payback Period (PP) yang diperoleh memiliki masa pengembalian investasi selama 3 tahun 11 bulan yang artinya jangkawan waktu tersebut biaya investasi yang
dikeluarkan dapat kembali, jadi semakin cepat jangka waktu pengembalian investasi maka, usaha yang dijalankan semakin lancar.
PENENTUAN KOMODITAS BASIS SUBSEKTOR HORTIKULTURA BUAH-BUAHAN DI KABUPATEN PARIGI MOUTONG
Authors: Tri Aldy Komang Agus , S. Hamzens Wildani Pingkan , Wibawa I Gede Laksana 
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komoditas basis dari subsektor Hortikultura yang ada pada Kabupaten Parigi Moutong. Subsektor Hortikultura merupakan salah satu subsektor pertanian yang memiliki potensi dalam membangun pertanian di Kabupaten Parigi Moutong, namun besarnya kontribusi
sektor pertanian pada Kabupaten Parigi Moutong, berbanding terbalik dengan laju pertumbuhan yang terjadi di Kabupaten Parigi Moutong artinya pembangunan pada sektor pertanian tidak dimanfaatkan secara optimal dengan kontribusi yang diberikan. Dengan menganalisis persentase Komoditas Basis
Subsektor Hortikultura di Kabupaten Parigi Moutong dengan menggunakan metode Persentase dan Analisis LQ (Location Quotient) yang dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Parigi Moutong, dapat meningkatkan Sektor Pertanian di Kabupaten Parigi Moutong sebsgai salah satu penyumbang terbesar dalam sektor
pertanian khususnya pada subsektor hortikultura dan pendapatan Masyarakat yang ada di Kabupaten Parigi Moutong.
HOW TEACHERS IN AN INFORMAL ENGLISH TRAINING INSTITUTION TREAT YOUNG LEARNERS’ ORAL ERRORS
Authors: Faris Ihsan Nur Iman , Budiarti Dian 
Published: April 2023

Corrective feedback needs to be used carefully to treat young learners’ oral errors as it should not inhibit learners from communicating. This study aims to investigate the use of corrective feedback strategies by informal English training center teachers in Bandung. Classroom observation and coding were used to collect and categorize data regarding errors committed by students and teachers’ use of corrective strategies. The study found that pronunciation errors (49%) were most frequently committed, followed by grammar (27%), vocabulary (20%), and the use of L1 (4%) errors. To treat those errors, the teachers apply corrective feedback strategies, which mostly were in the form of recast (46%) and elicitation (35%). Other corrective feedback strategies such as explicit correction (11%), metalinguistic feedback (6%), repetition (1%), and paralinguistic signal (1%) were found less frequently. This study suggests teachers consider several factors such as types of errors, learning factors, and learners’ factors when deciding the corrective feedback strategies.
Pengembangan Mikrosfer Asiklovir menggunakan Kitosan dan Natrium Tripolifosfat: Faktor Suhu Inlet
Authors: Muntu Cynthia Marisca , Sadono  , Melinda Natalia Suwito  
Published: April 2023

Abstract—Acyclovir is an antiviral used for the treatment of herpes simplex but it's a short half-life, thereby increasing the administration frequency. To overcome this problem, the acyclovir microsphere system was created with chitosan and sodium tripolyphosphate (NTPP). The formulation used a spray drying method which is influenced by the inlet temperature. Three variations of the inlet temperature are given, i.e. 170 oC (M1), 180 oC (M2), and 190 oC (M3). Physicochemical characterization obtained the same results on the three microspheres. They showed the occurrence of cross-linking between chitosan and NTPP. The average particle sizes of M1, M2, and M3 microspheres were 8.52 µm, 8.92 µm, and 9.83 µm respectively. All microspheres' morphology was spherical with a rough surface. The moisture content of M1, M2, M3 microspheres were 6.63%, 5.49%, 4.63%, respectively. The swelling index of M1, M2, and M3 microspheres obtained from 0.5-4 hours were 143.11-258.86%, 167.26-239.61%, and 152.49-259.60%. The recovery of M1, M2, and M3 microspheres was 33.93%, 47.26%, and 35.09% respectively. The acyclovir encapsulation efficiency of M1, M2, and M3 microspheres were 115.32%, 117.14%, and 111.16% respectively. Dissolution testing showed all three microspheres have the potential for controlled drug delivery systems. The inlet temperature affects the microsphere characteristics and the best inlet temperature was 180 oC.

Abstrak—Asiklovir merupakan antivirus yang digunakan untuk terapi herpes simplex karena tingkat selektivitasnya tinggi tetapi waktu paruhnya cepat sehingga meningkatkan frekuensi pemberiannya. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini asiklovir dibuat sistem mikrosfer. Dalam penelitian ini kitosan digunakan sebagai polimer dan natrium tripolifosfat (NTPP) sebagai penyambung silang. Pembuatannya menggunakan metode spray drying yang dipengaruhi oleh suhu inlet, sehingga diberikan tiga variasi suhu inlet yaitu 170 oC (M1), 180 oC (M2), dan 190 oC (M3). Karakteristisasi fisikokimia meliputi identifikasi gugus fungsi, perubahan melting point, dan energi entalpi memperoleh hasil yang sama pada ketiga mikrosfer yaitu terjadinya ikatan sambung silang antara kitosan dengan NTPP. Ukuran partikel rata-rata mikrosfer M1, M2, M3 berturut-turut adalah 8,52 µm, 8,92 µm dan 9,83 µm. Morfologi bentuk ketiga mikrosfer adalah sferis dengan permukaan kasar. Kandungan lembap mikrosfer M1, M2, M3 berturut-turut adalah 6,63%, 5,49%, 4,63%. Indeks pembengkakan mikrosfer M1, M2, M3 yang diperoleh dari 0,5-4 jam berturut-turut adalah 143,11-258,86%, 167,26-239,61% dan 152,49-259,60%. Perolehan kembali mikrosfer M1, M2, M3 berturut-turut adalah 33,93%, 47,26% dan 35,09%. Efisiensi enkapsulasi asiklovir M1, M2, M3 berturut-turut adalah 115,32%, 117,14% dan 111,16%. Pengujian disolusi asiklovir menunjukkan ketiga mikrosfer berpotensi untuk sistem penghantaran obat terkendali. Suhu inlet berpengaruh terhadap karakteristik mikrosfer asiklovir dan suhu terbaik adalah 180 oC.
Different damaging effects of volatile anaesthetics alone or in combination with 1 and 2 Gy gamma-irradiation in vivo on mouse liver DNA: a preliminary study
Authors: Benković Vesna , Milić Mirta , Oršolić Nada , Knežević Anica Horvat , Brozović Gordana , Borojević Nikola 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
As the number of radiotherapy and radiology diagnostic procedures increases from year to year, so does the use of general volatile anaesthesia (VA). Although considered safe, VA exposure can cause different adverse effects and, in combination with ionising radiation (IR), can also cause synergistic effects. However, little is known about DNA damage incurred by this combination at doses applied in a single radiotherapy treatment. To learn more about it, we assessed DNA damage and repair response in the liver tissue of Swiss albino male mice following exposure to isoflurane (I), sevoflurane (S), or halothane (H) alone or in combination with 1 or 2 Gy irradiation using the comet assay. Samples were taken immediately (0 h) and 2, 6, and 24 h after exposure. Compared to control, the highest DNA damage was found in mice receiving halothane alone or in combination with 1 or 2 Gy IR treatments. Sevoflurane and isoflurane displayed protective effects against 1 Gy IR, while with 2 Gy IR the first adverse effects appeared at 24 h post-exposure. Although VA effects depend on liver metabolism, the detection of unrepaired DNA damage 24 h after combined exposure with 2 Gy IR indicates that we need to look further into the combined effects of VA and IR on genome stability and include a longer time frame than 24 h for single exposure as well as repeated exposure as a more realistic scenario in radiotherapy treatment.
Political Risk and Quality of Governance as Determinants of Foreign Direct Investments in the Transition Countries
Authors: Dašić Miloš 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This paper uses dynamic panel data methods to examine the political indicators and governance quality indicators as determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) into the Balkan and non-Balkan countries in transition. Our empirical model shows that the determinants, such as political terror scale and the control of corruption, have significant and plausible effects in the Balkan and non-Balkan countries in transition. In addition, analyzed factors such as government effectiveness and regulatory quality, which play important political roles in determining foreign direct investment flows into countries in transitions and help explain the differing attractiveness of individual countries to foreign investors in our empirical model, do not play a significant role in the inflow of foreign direct investment
Ecosystem of Social Enterprises - A Comparative Review of the Practice of European Countries and the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Talić Miljana , Stefanović Suzana 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Due to the influence of numerous factors that make it difficult to find the innovative solutions to social and environmental problems that social enterprises deal with, there is a need for a joint action of social enterprises, both with each other and with other actors operating in their environment. In order to overcome the challenges more easily, which they face in their business, social enterprises and social entrepreneurs should take advantage of networking. Business networks can bring many benefits to their members, and networks in the social sector are of particular importance. Recently, networking has taken place within the broader framework of so-called ecosystems. With this in mind, the aim of this paper is to shed more light on the specifics of networking of social enterprises, i.e. their connection to ecosystems. The Social Entrepreneurship Network (SEN) has played a key role in the development of this sector in European countries. Also in the Republic of Serbia, networking of social enterprises with civil society organizations has significantly contributed to the creation of public policies and the promotion of social enterprises.