bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Small and in‐country herbaria are vital for accurate plant threat assessments: A case study from Peru
Authors: Delves Jay , Albán‐Castillo Joaquina , Cano Asunción , Fernández Aviles Carmen , Gagnon Edeline , Gonzáles Paúl , Knapp Sandra , León Blanca , Marcelo‐Peña Jose Luis , Reynel Carlos , Rojas Gonzáles Rocío del Pilar , Rodríguez Rodríguez Eric F. , Särkinen Tiina , Vásquez Martínez Rodolfo , Moonlight Peter W. 
Published: September 2023

Societal Impact StatementHerbaria can be considered plant libraries, each holding collections of dried specimens documenting plant diversity in space and time. For many plant species, these are our only evidence of their existence and the only means of assessing their conservation status. Specimens in all herbaria, especially those in small and often under‐resourced herbaria in megadiverse countries, are key to achieving accurate estimates of the conservation status of the world's plant species. They are also part of a country's shared heritage and critical contributions to knowledge of the world's diversity.Summary

Internationally agreed targets to assess the conservation status of all plant species rely largely on digitised distribution data from specimens held in herbaria.
Using taxonomically curated databases of herbarium specimen data for the mega‐diverse genera Begonia (Begoniaceae) and Solanum (Solanaceae) occurring in Peru, we test the value added from including data from local herbaria and herbaria of different sizes on estimations of threat status using International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List criteria.
We find that the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) has little data from Peruvian herbaria and adding these data influences the estimated threat status of these species, reducing the numbers of Critically Endangered and Vulnerable species in both genera. Similarly, adding data from small‐ and medium‐sized herbaria, whether in‐country or not, also improves the accuracy of threat assessments. [Correction added on 08 September 2023, after first online publication: In the preceding sentence, “litter” has been corrected to “little” in this version.]
A renewed focus on resourcing and recognising the contribution of small and in‐country herbaria is required if we are to meet internationally agreed targets for plant conservation. We discuss our case study in the broader context of democratising and increasing participation in global botanical science.
Evaluation of postprandial total triglycerides within the TIGG model for characterizing postprandial response of glucose, insulin, and GLP‐1
Authors: Leohr Jennifer , Kjellsson Maria C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe TIGG model is the first model to integrate glucose and insulin regulation, incretin effect, and triglyceride (TG) response in the lipoprotein subclasses of chylomicrons and VLDL‐V6. This model described the response following a high‐fat meal in individuals who are lean, obese, and very obese and provided insights into the possible regulation of glucose homeostasis in the extended period following a meal. Often, total TGs are analyzed within clinical studies, instead of lipoprotein subclasses. We extended the existing TIGG model to capture the observed total TGs and determined if this model could be used to predict the postprandial TG response of chylomicron and VLDL‐V6 when only total TGs are available. To assess if the lipoprotein distinction was important for the model, a second model (tTIGG) was developed using only the postprandial response in total TGs, instead of postprandial TG response in chylomicrons and VLDL‐V6. The two models were compared on their predictability to characterize the postprandial response of glucose, insulin, and active GLP‐1. Both models were able to characterize the postprandial TG response in individuals who are lean, obese, or very obese following a high‐fat meal. The extended TIGG model resulted in a better model fit of the glucose data compared to the tTIGG model, indicating that chylomicron and VLDL‐V6 provided additional information compared to total TGs. Furthermore, the expanded TIGG model was able to predict the postprandial TG response of chylomicrons and VLDL‐V6 using the total TGs and could therefore be used in studies where only total TGs were collected.
Flexible instrument with contact‐aided structure and force feedback for endoscopic surgery
Authors: Zhang Chi , Ping Zhongyuan , Zuo Siyang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundRobot‐assisted surgery can effectively reduce the difficulty and improve the success rate of the surgeries. However, currently available flexible instruments have several limitations, such as large size, few degrees of freedom, and lack of contact force perception.MethodsThis study proposes a master‐slave flexible instrument capable of force feedback. The instrument has a maximum outer diameter of 3 mm and an overall length of 1200 mm. With the internal working channel unoccupied, a three‐dimensional force sensing unit is designed based on the neural network. The corresponding master‐slave control method with proportional force feedback was also designed to effectively control the instrument.ResultsTo verify the effectiveness of the system, in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted. The corresponding tasks were successfully completed.ConclusionsThe animal trial conducted in the digestive tract of a live swine proved that the system has the potential for clinical use.
Gain margin and Lyapunov analysis of discrete‐time network synchronization via Riccati design
Authors: Zhang Liangyin , Chen Michael Z. Q. , Zou Yun , Chen Guanrong 
Published: September 2023

SummaryThis paper deals with solution analysis and gain margin analysis of a modified algebraic Riccati matrix equation, and the Lyapunov analysis for discrete‐time network synchronization with directed graph topologies. First, the structure of the solution to the Riccati equation associated with a single‐input controllable system is analyzed. The solution matrix entries are represented using unknown closed‐loop pole variables that are solved via a system of scalar quadratic equations. Then, the gain margin is studied for the modified Riccati equation for both multi‐input and single‐input systems. A disc gain margin in the complex plane is obtained using the solution matrix. Finally, the feasibility of the Riccati design for the discrete‐time network synchronization with general directed graphs is solved via the Lyapunov analysis approach and the gain margin approach, respectively. In the design, a network Lyapunov function is constructed using the Kronecker product of two positive definite matrices: one is the graph positive definite matrix solved from a graph Lyapunov matrix inequality involving the graph Laplacian matrix; the other is the dynamical positive definite matrix solved from the modified Riccati equation. The synchronizing conditions are obtained for the two Riccati design approaches, respectively.
Selective Deposition of N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Monolayers on Designated Au Microelectrodes within an Electrode Array
Authors: Amit Einav , Berg Iris , Zhang Wenhao , Mondal Rajarshi , Shema Hadar , Gutkin Vitaly , Kravchuk Tatyana , Toste F. Dean , Nairoukh Zackaria , Gross Elad 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe incorporation of organic self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) in microelectronic devices requires precise spatial control over the self‐assembly process. In this work, selective deposition of N‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) on specific electrodes within a two‐microelectrode array is achieved by using pulsed electrodeposition. Spectroscopic analysis of the NHC‐coated electrode arrays reveals that each electrode is selectively coated with a designated NHC. The impact of NHC monolayers on the electrodes’ work function is quantified using Kelvin probe force microscopy. These measurements demonstrate that the work function values of each electrode can be independently tuned by the adsorption of a specific NHC. The presented deposition method enables to selectively coat designated microelectrodes in an electrode array with chosen NHC monolayers for tuning their chemical and electronic functionality.
Surface Segregation Methods toward Molecular Separation Membranes
Authors: Liu Yanan , Zhang Zhao , Li Zongmei , Wei Xiaocui , Zhao Fu , Fan Chunyang , Jiang Zhongyi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAs a highly promising approach to solving the issues of energy and environment, membrane technology has gained increasing attention in various fields including water treatment, liquid separations, and gas separations, owing to its high energy efficiency and eco‐friendliness. Surface segregation, a phenomenon widely found in nature, exhibits irreplaceable advantages in membrane fabrication since it is an in situ method for synchronous modification of membrane and pore surfaces during the membrane forming process. Meanwhile, combined with the development of synthesis chemistry and nanomaterial, the group has developed surface segregation as a versatile membrane fabrication method using diverse surface segregation agents. In this review, the recent breakthroughs in surface segregation methods and their applications in membrane fabrication are first briefly introduced. Then, the surface segregation phenomena and the classification of surface segregation agents are discussed. As the major part of this review, the authors focus on surface segregation methods including free surface segregation, forced surface segregation, synergistic surface segregation, and reaction‐enhanced surface segregation. The strategies for regulating the physical and chemical microenvironments of membrane and pore surfaces through the surface segregation method are emphasized. The representative applications of surface segregation membranes are presented. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives are highlighted.
Comparative Structural Characterization of Jujube Polysaccharides by Different Levels of Purification
Authors: Guo Xudan , Shen Haoran , Gao Fan , Wang Xueting , Deng Xinyuan , Zhai Jiahui , Zhang Jing , Ji Xiaolong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe objective of this paper is to analyze and contrast the features of the structure of jujube polysaccharides extracted and purified using various techniques, four fractions, namely hot water extraction and 0.3 M NaCl‐PBS purification (PZMP3‐1 and PZMP3‐2), alkaline extraction and 0.3 M NaCl purification (SAZMP4), alkaline extraction and 0.3 M‐PBS NaCl purification (PZJRP), are obtained by column chromatography (Sephacryl S‐300) and Fast Flow (DEAE‐Sepharose). Chemical testing, gas chromatography, scanning electron microscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, methylation analysis, high‐performance gel permeation chromatography, and atomic force microscopy are used to examine and evaluate their properties. Different purification methods have certain effects on the structural characteristics of a series of jujube polysaccharides. The results can provide fundamental knowledge to select desirable extraction and purification technologies for the preparation of pure jujube polysaccharides.
Dihydroazolopyrimidines: Past, Present and Perspectives in Synthesis, Green Chemistry and Drug Discovery
Authors: Desenko Serhiy M. , Gorobets Mykola Yu. , Lipson Victoria V. , Sakhno Yana I. , Chebanov Valentyn A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDihydroazolopyrimidines are an important class of heterocycles that are isosteric to natural purines and are therefore of great interest primarily as drug‐like molecules. In contrast to the heteroaromatic analogs, synthetic approaches to these compounds were developed much later, and their chemical properties and biological activity have not been studied in detail until recently. In the review, different ways to build dihydroazolopyrimidine systems from different building blocks are described – via the initial formation of a partially hydrogenated pyrimidine ring or an azole ring, as well as a one‐pot assembly of azole and azine fragments. Special attention is given to modern approaches: multicomponent reactions, green chemistry, and the use of non‐classical activation methods. Information on the chemical properties of dihydroazolopyrimidines and the prospects for their use in the design of drugs of various profiles are also summarized in this review.
Boost productivity, decrease stress by engaging in authentic conversations
Authors: McCarthy Claudine 
Published: September 2023

Remote work, Zoom meetings, emails, texts, and social media can help you stay connected to career and family while limiting your exposure to the COVID‐19 virus, but they won't protect you from catching the loneliness bug triggered by limiting your exposure to chit‐chat. Even before the shutdown brought on by the COVID‐19 pandemic, “the world was already experiencing a loneliness epidemic,” according to Celeste Headlee, an award‐winning journalist, professional speaker, and author of Heard Mentality and We Need to Talk: How to Have Conversations That Matter. She spoke during a webinar hosted by NASPA: Student Affairs Administrators in Higher Education. “The human voice is healing,” she explained, and authentic interactions boost the immune systems of those involved.
Prevalence of intestinal parasites in street dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) with highlights on zoonosis in Lalitpur, Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Roshan Babu , Dhakal Madhuri Adhikari , Ghimire Tirth Raj 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe presence of intestinal parasites influences the growth and well‐being of canids. Additionally, infected dogs and their faeces with considerably higher eggs/oocysts released per gram (epg/opg) of zoonotic parasites contribute to parasitic spillover to humans, domestic animals and sympatric wildlife.ObjectivesThe current study aimed to reveal the prevalence of intestinal parasites (protozoa and helminths) and to list the zoonotically significant parasites in free‐roaming street dogs in Lalitpur Metropolitan City, Nepal.MethodsFresh faecal samples (n = 332) were collected from feral dogs of varying ages and sexes and transported to the research laboratory. The copro microscopic examination was carried out via direct wet mount, formalin ethyl acetate sedimentation, saturated salt flotation, acid‐fast staining and sporulation techniques.ResultsCoproscopy revealed an overall 95.7% (318/332) prevalence rate with 23 diverse species of intestinal parasites (10 protozoa and 13 helminths). Among them, 5 protozoa and 11 helminths possessed zoonotic potential, and their overall prevalence was 92.5%. Helminth's overall prevalence was double that of the protozoa (87.7% vs. 43%). Polyparasitism was dominant over mono parasitism (79.5% vs. 16.3%), and co‐infection of up to seven species of parasites at a time was recorded.ConclusionsUrban street dogs harboured a higher prevalence of intestinal parasites that varied with age and sex. Since most of the reported parasites are zoonotic, dog density and parasitic richness indicate a greater spillover risk to humans and domestic animals. Furthermore, this study also provides appropriate ‘baseline’ data for assessing effective control measures against parasitic infestations among street dogs and controlling their transmission to humans.
Ultrasonography and CT examination of ovarian follicular development in ‘Testudo graeca’ during 1 year in captivity
Authors: Amiri Banafsheh Shateri , Soroori Sarang , Rostami Amir , Molazem Mohammad , Bahonar Alireza 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe Greek or Mediterranean tortoise (Testudo graeca), commonly known as the spur‐thighed tortoise, is a species of tortoise in the family Testudinidae that is found in North Africa, Western Asia and Europe. Several species of this genus are under threat in the wild, mainly from habitat destruction therefore, accurate information about the sexual cycle and the exact time of follicular development can be effective in successful reproduction planning and preventing species extinction.ObjectiveThe experimental part of this study is focused on the evaluation of the reproductive apparatus of tortoises and development of follicles in ovaries during 1 year by ultrasonography and computed tomography.MethodsUltrasonography and CT scanning was carried out on 10 female ‘T. Graeca’ tortoises which were maintained at Tehran Eram Zoo from November 2021 to November 2022 (1 year). Ultrasonography and CT exams were performed on all animals.ResultsIn the first study, on 28 November 2021, the ovarian cycle was characterized by the presence of previtellogenic follicles and atretic follicles. The numbers of follicles were best demonstrated on CT examination. Ultrasonography and CT scan in the second study showed no change in type of follicles from previous study. In the third study, atretic follicles were more than previtellogenic follicles, whereas in the fourth one, the numbers of previtellogenic follicles were more than atretic follicles. In following, at 6 and 29 June 2022, the absence of atretic follicles and just presence of previtellogenic follicles were observed. On 20 July 2022, the presence of a few number of atretic follicles and more previtellogenic follicles were noticed. On 30 July 2022, the absence of atretic follicles and presence of previtellogenic follicles and, for the first time, preovulatory follicles were obvious. In four following studies the absence of atretic follicles and the presence of previtellogenic follicles were diagnosed. In the last study, the absence of atretic follicles and the presence of preovulatory and previtellogenic follicles were observed.ConclusionIn current study, the reproductive cycle of female T. Graeca is evaluated during 1 year in captivity with ultrasonography and CT scan. It can be concluded that in captivity, the reproductive cycle does not result in the formation of eggs or calcareous shells and atretic follicles in the study year continued as before; so this should be highly considered in captivity breeding programmes. This study also revealed that among imaging modalities, CT scan is the best modality for detecting the shape, size, type and numbers of the follicles for further evaluation of location and shape of the follicles.
A review on client selection models in federated learning
Authors: Panigrahi Monalisa , Bharti Sourabh , Sharma Arun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFederated learning (FL) is a decentralized machine learning (ML) technique that enables multiple clients to collaboratively train a common ML model without them having to share their raw data with each other. A typical FL process involves (1) FL client(s) selection, (2) global model distribution, (3) local training, and (4) aggregation. As such FL clients are heterogeneous edge devices (i.e., mobile phones) that differ in terms of computational resources, training data quality, and distribution. Therefore, FL client(s) selection has a significant influence on the execution of the remaining steps of an FL process. There have been a variety of FL client(s) selection models proposed in the literature, however, their critical review and/or comparative analysis is much less discussed. This paper brings the scattered FL client(s) selection models onto a single platform by first categorizing them into five categories, followed by providing a detailed analysis of the benefits/shortcomings and the applicability of these models for different FL scenarios. Such understanding can help researchers in academia and industry to develop improved FL client(s) selection models to address the requirement challenges and shortcomings of the current models. Finally, future research directions in the area of FL client(s) selection are also discussed.This article is categorized under:
Technologies > Machine Learning
Technologies > Artificial Intelligence
Kapitel 15. Globalisierung: Globale Warenketten und Arbeitsteilung
Authors: Fischer Karin 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungUm Österreichs Rolle in der Klimakrise zu verstehen, braucht es eine Analyse seiner Einbettung in globale Wirtschaftsstrukturen. Wie es auch für andere Hocheinkommensländer der Fall ist, werden für die österreichischen Importe an Waren und Dienstleistungen an anderen Orten – und zwar in zumeist ärmeren Volkswirtschaften – Treibhausgase emittiert und Umweltschäden verursacht. Das Kapitel beschreibt, auf welche Weise Österreich hinsichtlich Produktion und Endkonsum in globale Warenketten involviert ist und trifft, soweit es Forschung und Datenlage zulassen, eine Abschätzung der dadurch bedingten Umweltfolgen. Daran anschließend werden bestehende Regulierungen und Gestaltungsoptionen diskutiert, die Warenketten ökologischer machen sollen. Diese betreffen mehrere Ebenen (UNO, EU, Österreich) und reichen von ressourcenleichten Lebensstilen über Emissionshandel und Lieferkettengesetze bis zu kreislauforientierten Umbauplänen. Die Bestandsaufnahme zeigt, dass viel mehr Forschung nötig ist, um Informationen über die Auswirkungen bestehender Maßnahmen zu erhalten und künftige, sektorübergreifende Strategien zur ökologischen und sozial gerechten Umgestaltung von globalen Warenketten zu entwerfen.
Axial-vector transition form factors and e+e− → f1π+π−
Authors: Hoferichter Martin , Kubis Bastian , Zanke Marvin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We study the transition form factors (TFFs) of axial-vector mesons in the context of currently available experimental data, including new constraints from e+e− → f1(1285)π+π− that imply stringent limits on the high-energy behavior and, for the first time, allow us to provide an unambiguous determination of the couplings corresponding to the two antisymmetric TFFs. We discuss how these constraints can be implemented in a vector-meson-dominance picture, and, in combination with contributions from the light-cone expansion, construct TFFs as input for the evaluation of axial-vector contributions to hadronic light-by-light scattering in the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon.
Leptin-mediated meta-inflammation may provide survival benefit in patients receiving maintenance immunotherapy for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC)
Authors: Vita Emanuele , Stefani Alessio , Piro Geny , Mastrantoni Luca , Cintoni Marco , Cicchetti Giuseppe , Sparagna Ileana , Monaca Federico , Horn Guido , Russo Jacopo , Barone Diletta , Di Salvatore Mariantonietta , Trisolini Rocco , Lococo Filippo , Mazzarella Ciro , Cancellieri Alessandra , Carbone Carmine , Larici Anna Rita , Mele Maria Cristina , Pilotto Sara , Milella Michele , Tortora Giampaolo , Bria Emilio 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Only few ES-SCLC patients experience long-term survival benefit by maintenance IT. Adipokines-induced metabolic meta-inflammation has been related to enhanced responsiveness to IT in obese patients; however, their prognostic role in SCLC is currently controversial.

Methods
Pre-treatment CT scan was used for determining distribution of abdominal adiposity, and blood samples were collected at fasting for measuring glycemia, insulin, ghrelin, leptin and adipokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6 and MCP-1). Patients with known history of DM type II or metabolic syndrome with HOMA index > 2.5 were considered insulin resistant (IR).

Results
In ES-SCLC pts receiving maintenance IT, increased leptin concentration and higher leptin/visceral adipose tissue (VAT) ratio were significantly associated with prolonged PFS. By applying a hierarchical clustering algorithm, we identified a cluster of patients characterized by higher leptin values and lower pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-6) who experienced longer PFS (13.2 vs 8.05 months; HR: 0.42 [0.18–0.93] p = 0.02) and OS (18.04 vs 12.09 mo; HR: 0.53 [0.25–1.29] p = 0.07).

Conclusions
Adipokines can play a crucial role to determining effectiveness of anti-cancer immunotherapy. The role of metabolic immune dysfunctions needs further pre-clinical validation and is currently investigated in the larger prospective cohort.