bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infective Endocarditis Due to Group B Streptococcus in a Neonate: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Camilleri Amitie , Pulido Hannah , Restrepo Miguel , Vijayan Vini 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Bacterial endocarditis is a highly uncommon but life-threatening complication of group B streptococcus in neonates.

Methods:
We describe a case of endocarditis due to group B streptococcus in a premature infant. In addition, we performed a literature review and identified 8 case reports of infants with group B streptococcus endocarditis over 49 years. These cases were analyzed together with our patients.

Results:
Eighty-nine percent (8/9) of the infants were born at term, and 67% (6/9) were male. The median age at presentation was 27 days. Eighty-nine percent (8/9) presented with late-onset disease. Twenty-two percent (2/9) of infants had recurrent group B streptococcus disease, 44% (4/9) had meningitis, 1 infant had septic arthritis and 22% (2/9) had congestive heart failure. All patients were treated with parenteral antibiotics, and these were administered for a mean of 40.8 days (median, 42 days; range 35–42 days). Congenital heart defects were noted in 33% (3/9) of the neonates. The mitral valve was affected in 67% (6/9). Forty-four percent (4/9) of cases who had valvular involvement underwent cardiac surgery. All 4 infants who underwent cardiac surgery survived. Mortality was 22% (2/9).

Conclusions:
Group B streptococcus endocarditis often runs a fulminant course and can be associated with devastating consequences such as valvular destruction, systemic embolization and mycotic aneurysms. Physicians should have a high index of suspicion for endocarditis when evaluating neonates with invasive Group B streptococcus disease, particularly meningitis. Early recognition can allow prompt treatment, including a thorough evaluation to determine whether surgical interventions are warranted, given that combined medical and surgical approaches are associated with better outcomes.
Outcomes of pediatric candidates for liver retransplantation in the modern era: Strategies are needed to avoid waitlist mortality in the United States
Authors: Valentino Pamela L. , Blondet Niviann M. , Perkins James D. , Hsu Evelyn K. , Saarela Katelyn M. , Wendel Danielle , Dick André A.S. , Healey Patrick J. , Reyes Jorge D. , Sturdevant Mark L. , Kwon Yong K. 
Published: January 2025

Pediatric liver retransplantation (rLT) has historically shown poorer outcomes compared to primary liver transplantation (pLT). Comprehensive studies assessing outcomes for pediatric candidates for rLT under the modern allocation policy are lacking. Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network data from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2022, were obtained; exclusion criteria included candidates ≥18 years of age and those listed or transplanted for multiple organs. A total of 7645 children met the inclusion criteria, including 7162 candidates for pLT and 483 candidates for rLT. The candidates for rLT, despite a shorter median waitlist time to transplant (6.5 vs. 54 d for pLT), had significantly higher waitlist dropout rates and worse posttransplant outcomes. Vascular complications were the most common reason for primary graft failure. The small size of the recipient was a significant risk factor. Among those retransplanted, the timing of relisting was significantly associated with outcomes, with those relisted within 30 days from the pLT demonstrating considerably worse outcomes. Our findings emphasize the importance of a center’s surgical expertise in performing transplants on small recipients to minimize postoperative complications leading to primary graft failure. Once relisted, the timing of suitable organ availability was vital. The opportunity for technical variant grafts is crucial to capture every potential transplant opportunity that could ultimately decide between life and death.
Precision in Stroke Care: A Novel Model for Predicting Functional Independence in Urgent Carotid Intervention Patients
Authors: Bazan Hernan A , Fort Daniel , Snyder Larry , Opelka Frank G , Money Samuel R , Sternbergh WC , Burton Jeffrey 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Stroke requires timely intervention, with carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and carotid artery stenting (CAS) increasingly used in select acute carotid-related stroke patients. We aimed to build a model to predict neurologic functional independence (modified Rankin scale, mRS ≤ 2) in this high-risk group.

Study Design:
We analyzed data from 302 stroke patients undergoing urgent CEA or CAS between 2015 and 2023 at a tertiary Comprehensive Stroke Center. Predictors included: (1) stroke severity (NIH Stroke Scale, NIHSS), (2) time to intervention (≤48 hours), (3) thrombolysis use, and (4) frailty risk score. Two-way interactions were included to enhance generalizability without overfitting. Multiple models were constructed and selected based on the area under the ROC curve (AUC). The primary endpoint was discharge neurological functional independence (mRS ≤2).

Results:
Presenting clinical factors and neurological outcomes data from 302 patients undergoing urgent CEA and CAS during the index hospitalization from 2015 to 2023 at a tertiary Comprehensive Stroke Center formed the model’s foundation. Most patients (72.8%, 220/302) were discharged functionally independent (mRS ≤ 2). The combined 30-day rate of stroke, death, and MI was 8.3% (25/302); 6.5% (14/214) for CEA alone, and 12.5% (11/88) for CAS. The model, incorporating thrombolysis, time to intervention, stroke severity (NIHSS), and frailty risk, correctly predicted 93% of functional independence outcomes (AUC 0.808).

Conclusion:
We present a novel model using four clinical factors—stroke severity, time to intervention, thrombolysis use, and frailty risk—to predict functional neurologic independence with 93% accuracy in patients undergoing urgent carotid interventions for acute stroke. This high predictive capability can enhance clinical decision-making and improve patient outcomes by identifying those most likely to benefit from timely carotid revascularization.
Predator-Induced Tail Coloration Toward Diverse Dragonfly Nymphs in Tadpoles of the Japanese Tree Frog (Dryophytes japonicus)
Authors: Noda Akihiro , Watanabe Katsutoshi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAnuran larvae can change their coloration and morphology to avoid predation. Particularly, some tadpoles in the genusDryophytesin the Americas develop deep tail fins and bright orange tail coloration in response to predators such as dragonfly nymphs. These conspicuous tails are hypothesized to attract predator attacks, protecting vital body parts from fatal injuries. However, it remains unclear whether the extent of the induced phenotypic changes differs between various predators with distinct feeding patterns and habitats. To explore this, we reared tadpoles of the Japanese tree frog,Dryophytes japonicus, with four dragonfly species, water bug, water scorpion, or newt, and measured phenotypic changes, especially focusing on tail coloration. We found that the aeshnidAnax nigrofasciatus, a sit- and-wait predator that climbs on aquatic vegetation, induced bright orange and broad tails of tadpoles. Other odonate species that forage in and on the substrate also elicited tail coloration or deeper larval tails, but it took more time to induce the tadpoles’ response compared toA. nigrofasciatus. In contrast, non-odonate predators did not induce color and morphological changes. This study provides the first evidence of predator-induced tail coloration in an Asian species ofDryophytes, which appears to be a defensive response specifically to dragonfly nymphs, as visually adept predators. Moreover, the differences in the extent and timing of the phenotypic changes among odonate species suggest that anti-predator phenotypes are modulated based on relative predation risks, considering the predators’ foraging patterns and visual capabilities, thereby allowing tadpoles to minimize physiological costs and unintended risks associated with the induced traits.
Rhizosphere-colonizing bacteria persist in the protist microbiome
Authors: Taerum Stephen. J , Patel Ravikumar R. , Alamo Justin E. , Gage Daniel , Steven Blaire , Triplett Lindsay R. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSoils contain diverse predatory protists that affect the abundance and behavior of rhizosphere bacteria, including bacteria that may benefit plant health. Protists also harbor their own bacterial microbiomes, including transient and extracellular associates, but it is not known whether the protist microbiome affects the plant rhizosphere. To address this question, we profiled the bacterial microbiomes of eight evolutionarily diverse rhizosphere protist isolates after two years of continuous laboratory culture. We then compared the protist culture microbiomes to maize rhizosphere communities six weeks after protist inoculation. Introduction of protists enriched 13 protist-associated bacterial amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) in the rhizosphere, which comprised ∼10% of the rhizosphere bacterial community. Additional bacterial ASVs ranked highly in abundance in both rhizosphere and protist microbiomes; together, a median 47% of the protist microbiome was enriched or abundant in the rhizosphere. Inoculation with some of the protist cultures positively affected root biomass traits, but a protist mixture had no effect, indicating that the impact of protist holobionts on plant growth is context-dependent. Isolates of protist-associated bacteria had both positive and negative effects on protist growth in culture, suggesting that the bacteria use multiple strategies to survive in proximity to predators. This study demonstrates that even after prolonged laboratory culture, evolutionarily diverse rhizosphere protists host bacterial microbiomes dominated by plant-colonizing bacteria that impact the rhizosphere microbiome after inoculation. The findings suggest that protists may contribute to the rhizosphere as part of the soil microbial seedbank, and identify bacterial groups that may be important to the plant-protist interaction.ImportanceUnderstanding the impact of predatory protists on the plant microbiome will be essential to deploy protists in sustainable agriculture. This study shows that eight rhizosphere protist isolates hosted diverse and distinct bacterial communities, and that a large proportion of these bacteria could be found colonizing the maize root environment long after protists were introduced. This study demonstrates that maize rhizosphere bacteria can persist for years in the protist microbiome, indicating that extremely diverse eukaryotes could help select and maintain rhizosphere bacteria in the absence of the plant.
A configuration maintenance and cooperative navigation method for UAV swarms under intermittent GNSS conditions
Authors: Lin Siying , Yu Feng , Zhou Zijun 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
In response to the challenges of maintaining the configuration and navigation stability of low-cost unmanned aerial vehicle swarms under intermittent global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signal conditions, this study aims to introduce a fast network topology generation algorithm and a hybrid covariance filter.

Design/methodology/approach
First, using spatially stable structures and the principle of three-sphere intersection, connectivity between nodes is rapidly generated, ultimately forming a network topology with tetrahedrons as the basic unit. This ensures the stability of the configuration. Subsequently, a problem arises from the improper distribution of internal confidence within the system when some nodes are connected to GNSS, whereas others rely solely on ranging. In response, a hybrid covariance method with independent relative and absolute covariance matrices is proposed, which can improve the overall navigation precision of the swarm.

Findings
Simulation results show that the approach achieves rapid convergence of relative positioning errors to less than 0.5 m for internode distances over 100 m. When one, two and three anchor nodes are accessed, the positioning accuracy of the proposed method is improved by 31.59 %, 64.53 % and 64.48 %, respectively, compared with the existing methods.

Originality/value
The proposed method can stabilize configurations and improve overall positioning accuracy, providing support for addressing distributed navigation issues in intermittent GNSS signals.
Effects of viewing digital environment images on college students’ positive emotions, nature relatedness, and environmental preference
Authors: Ning Ping , DeWitt Dorothy , Chin Hai Leng , Wang Han 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the impact of viewing different types of digital environment images on college students’ positive emotions, nature relatedness and environmental preference. This aimed to address the gap in empirical studies regarding the effects of digital environment images on these psychological constructs.

Design/methodology/approach
This study used a three-group experimental between-subjects design. Participants (48 undergraduate students) were divided into three groups, each viewing a different set of digital images (nature, city or object). Pre- and posttest measures assessed positive emotions and nature relatedness, whereas environmental preference was measured after image viewing. One-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey’s honestly significant difference (HSD) tests were used to analyze the data.

Findings
Viewing digital nature images elicited significantly higher positive emotions, nature relatedness and environmental preference compared to viewing city or object images. In addition, environmental preference for the digital object group was marginally higher than the city group.

Research limitations/implications
This study was limited by its relatively small sample size. Although further research is needed to investigate the underlying mechanisms behind the observed effects, this study provides valuable implications for education, economic dimensions and public policy initiatives, encouraging the development of pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors.

Practical implications
The findings suggest that incorporating digital nature images into learning activities can promote positive emotions, nature relatedness and environmental preference among college students. This has implications for the design of digital learning environments, especially for those with limited access to natural environments.

Social implications
By promoting positive emotions and nature relatedness, digital nature experiences can contribute to emotional well-being and potentially foster pro-environmental behaviors. This can have implications for promoting sustainable lifestyles and environmental conservation efforts.

Originality/value
This study provides original empirical evidence on the impact of viewing digital environment images on several psychological constructs. It highlights the potential of digital nature experiences as a complement to direct nature exposure, particularly for those with limited access to natural environments. These findings contribute to the growing body of literature on the benefits of digital nature experiences and have implications for various fields, including education, environmental psychology and human–computer interaction.
Better Outcomes for Ovarian Cancer Associated With the Detection of Anti‐EBV TCR CDR3s: Potential Relevance to Diffuse Large B‐Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Goel Nandini , Baker Madeline C. , Aboujaoude Michael T. , Diaz Michael J. , Jain Rahul , Huda Taha I. , Chobrutskiy Andrea , Chobrutskiy Boris I. , Song Joanna J. , Vangala Veda Naga Priya , Blanck George 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesGiven the ongoing challenges regarding the specific roles of viral infections in cancer etiology, or as cancer co‐morbidities, this study assessed potential associations between anti‐viral, T‐cell receptor (TCR) complementarity domain region‐3 (CDR3s), and clinical outcomes for ovarian cancer.MethodsTCR CDR3s were isolated from ovarian cancer specimens for a determination of which patients had anti‐viral CDR3s and whether those patients had better or worse outcomes.ResultsAnalyses revealed that patients with exact matches of anti‐Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) CDR3 amino acid sequences exhibited better outcomes for both overall and disease‐specific survival. However, better outcomes were not observed when assessing anti‐viral CDR3s representing cytomegalovirus, influenza A, or Sars‐CoV‐2. Due to previous occurrences of the occasional misdiagnoses of lymphoma as ovarian cancer, the frequency of anti‐EBV CDR3s in lymphoma patients was determined. These frequencies were relatively high, particularly for diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma.ConclusionsThese findings (i) underscore the potential value of anti‐EBV immune responses in terms of patient outcomes; (ii) raise questions about the potential value of anti‐EBV immunotherapies; and (iii) support further inquiry into the relationship between EBV infection and previously reported cases of ovary‐resident lymphoma.
CAR T access and outcomes in large B‐cell lymphoma according to ethnicity and socioeconomic deprivation in the UK
Authors: Dragoi Diana , Cusworth Samuel , Oldham Laura , Sanderson Robin , Norman Jane , Chandan Joht Singh , Mathew Amrith , Kumar Emil , Paneesha Shankara , Tholouli Eleni , Moya Davila Andres , Bouziana Styliani , Patten Piers , Hardefeldt Prudence , Yallop Deborah , Chaganti Sridhar , Burns David , Kuhnl Andrea 
Published: January 2025

SummaryData on the impact of ethnic and socioeconomic factors on Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‐cell therapy (access and outcomes are limited, but key to understand whether results from the registration trials are generalizable to real‐world patient populations. Here, we analysed ethnicity, socioeconomic deprivation and referral patterns in a cohort of 314 large B‐cell lymphoma patients approved for third‐line CD19 CAR‐T across three large UK CAR‐T centres. Patients from deprived areas had a lower infusion rate compared to low deprivation areas (73% vs. 86%, p = 0.04). CAR‐T response rates, toxicities, progression‐free survival or non‐relapse mortality were similar with respect to ethnicity or deprivation. We did not find evidence of referral barriers according to ethnicity, but potential regional barriers for socioeconomically deprived patients in two of three centres. Intention‐to‐treat overall survival was significantly inferior in patients from deprived areas (1‐year OS 44.5% vs. 58% for high vs. low deprivation; p = 0.02), likely reflecting general health disparities and higher drop‐out rates in this group. Our data suggest similar outcomes of CD19 CAR‐T‐treated patients across a socioeconomically and ethnically heterogeneous real‐world population. Results demonstrate broad access to CAR‐T within the UK national delivery system, but the high drop‐out rate and potential regional referral barriers for deprived communities should be further investigated.
Anaerobic Adhesive Effect on the Counter‐Torque of Zirconia Implant Abutment Screws: In Vitro Study
Authors: Nascimento Lara Rúbia Marques , da Silva Resende Camila , Sá Ana Flor , Francescato Olívia , Dias Danilo Rocha , Lages Frederico Santos 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionImplantology has become a primary solution for tooth loss due to excellent osseointegration and high long‐term success rates. However, complications such as abutment screw loosening, especially in implant‐supported single crowns, compromise prosthesis longevity. Anaerobic adhesives (AAs) have shown promise in mechanical fields for preventing screw loosening, but their effectiveness in dental implants, particularly zirconia, remains uncertain. This study evaluates the effect of medium‐strength AA on the counter‐torque and screw stability of zirconia implant abutments.MethodsTwenty neodent Zi zirconia implants were divided into two groups: control (n = 10) without adhesive and experimental (n = 10) using medium‐strength AA (Loctite 242) on the prosthetic screw. Abutment screws were torqued to 32 Ncm and underwent mechanical cycling simulating mastication. Counter‐torque was measured post‐cycling. Structural damage and adhesive residues were inspected using a stereomicroscope. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics including means and standard deviations (SDs). The Shapiro–Wilk test was performed to assess data normality. The counter‐torque values after cycling were compared to the installation torque value using the one‐sample t‐test. Comparison between groups was performed using Student's t test. Statistical significance was established as p < 0.05.ResultsThe presence of AA was detected on all screws, without causing damage and was easily removable. Both groups showed significantly lower counter‐torque values than the installation torque, with no significant intergroup difference.ConclusionMedium‐strength AA did not significantly affect the counter‐torque values of zirconia implant abutment screws, although it was easily removable and caused no damage.
CYP2C19 Genotype‐Guided Antiplatelet Therapy and Clinical Outcomes in Patients Undergoing a Neurointerventional Procedure
Authors: Tunehag Kayla R. , Pearce Ashton F. , Fox Layna P. , Stouffer George A. , Solander Sten , Lee Craig R. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn neurovascular settings, including treatment and prevention of ischemic stroke and prevention of thromboembolic complications after percutaneous neurointerventional procedures, dual antiplatelet therapy with a P2Y12 inhibitor and aspirin is the standard of care. Clopidogrel remains the most commonly prescribed P2Y12 inhibitor for neurovascular indications. However, patients carrying CYP2C19 no‐function alleles have diminished capacity for inhibition of platelet reactivity due to reduced formation of clopidogrel's active metabolite. In patients with cardiovascular disease undergoing a percutaneous coronary intervention, CYP2C19 no‐function allele carriers treated with clopidogrel experience a higher risk of major adverse cardiovascular outcomes, and multiple large prospective outcomes studies have shown an improvement in clinical outcomes when antiplatelet therapy selection was guided by CYP2C19 genotype. Similarly, accumulating evidence has associated CYP2C19 no‐function alleles with poor clinical outcomes in clopidogrel‐treated patients in neurovascular settings. However, the utility of implementing a genotype‐guided antiplatelet therapy selection strategy in the setting of neurovascular disease and the clinical outcomes evidence in neurointerventional procedures remains unclear. In this review, we will (1) summarize existing evidence and guideline recommendations related to CYP2C19 genotype‐guided antiplatelet therapy in the setting of neurovascular disease, (2) evaluate and synthesize the existing evidence on the relationship of clinical outcomes to CYP2C19 genotype and clopidogrel treatment in patients undergoing a percutaneous neurointerventional procedure, and (3) identify knowledge gaps and discuss future research directions.