bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insufficienza surrenalica da sospensione di glucocorticoidi esogeni
Authors: Vincenzi Ludovica , Sbardella Emilia , Isidori Andrea M. 
Published: August 2023

SommarioI glucocorticoidi sintetici sono ampiamente utilizzati per le loro azioni antinfiammatorie e immunosoppressive. Un possibile effetto indesiderato è la soppressione dell’asse ipotalamo-ipofisi-surrene mediante somministrazione cronica di alte dosi di glucocorticoidi, rappresentando la causa più comune di insufficienza surrenalica terziaria. I fattori che influenzano tale rischio comprendono la durata della terapia, la modalità di somministrazione, la dose e la potenza dei glucocorticoidi, farmaci concomitanti interferenti con il metabolismo e la suscettibilità individuale. Più del 70% delle diagnosi di insufficienza surrenalica da glucocorticoidi avviene durante il ricovero ospedaliero. Risulta quindi di cruciale importanza un’adeguata consulenza al paziente e un approccio attento alla riduzione graduale dei glucocorticoidi fino al raggiungimento del recupero della funzione surrenale. Di conseguenza, è necessario lo sviluppo di nuove linee guida che incrementino la consapevolezza e forniscano raccomandazioni chiare su tale condizione clinica, applicabili in ambito interdisciplinare.
A non-linear model of public debt with bonds and money finance
Authors: Bacchiocchi Andrea , Bellocchi Alessandro , Bischi Gian Italo , Travaglini Giuseppe 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study the dynamic relationship between the public debt ratio and the inflation rate. Using a non-linear macroeconomic model of difference equations, we analyze the role of monetary and fiscal policy in influencing the stability of the debt ratio and inflation. We get three main results. First, we find that, in a low inflation scenario, money finance can be helpful in stabilizing the debt ratio. Second, we show that in a dynamic setting, standard Taylor rules may not be sufficient to control inflation. The Central Bank’s credibility in driving inflation expectations is indeed crucial to control price developments and to achieve macroeconomic stability. Finally, an active budget adjustment rule has a stabilizing effect on the debt ratio, even if it may not be enough to avoid explosive patterns. Notably, the stability of the steady state depends on the fine-tuning of the policy mix. One of the novelties of our analysis is the presence of a threshold level for the debt ratio and inflation, beyond which the debt ratio becomes unsustainable following an explosive path. The distance between this threshold and the steady state can be considered a proxy of the robustness of the economy to exogenous shocks.
A Virtual Sensing Active Noise Control System Based on a Functional Link Neural Network for an Aircraft Seat Headrest
Authors: Mylonas Dimitrios , Erspamer Alberto , Yiakopoulos Christos , Antoniadis Ioannis 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The goal of this work is to propose a local Active Noise Control system for an aircraft seat’s headrest. This system should be able to extend the quiet zone beyond the physical microphones that can be placed behind the passenger’s head due to space constraints. Furthermore, the control algorithm should perform efficiently when non-linear phenomena exist during the sound propagation.

Methods
A functional link neural network and a computationally efficient Multiple Input Multiple Output approach are used for the system’s implementation. The quiet zone is extended by linearly estimating the acoustic pressure in front of the headrest surface. The main novelty of this paper is the combination of these methods in an attempt to improve acoustic pressure attenuation performance, while keeping computational complexity low.

Results
The proposed control algorithm has been evaluated through numerical simulations, including Finite Element Method and experimental tests at an aircraft cabin mock-up. The results show that for a real-world acoustic disturbance, a 10 dB reduction in sound pressure level was achieved 10 cm away from the headrest surface. In addition, the attenuation of some harmonics can reach 20 dB and in most cases is bigger than the linear FxLMS algorithm.

Conclusions
To summarize, it has been demonstrated that a multichannel functional link neural network using a simple virtual sensing technique can efficiently attenuate synthesized and real world acoustic disturbances captured in a tilt-rotor aircraft’s cabin. Finally, it can create an adequate quiet zone for gentle head movement while maintaining its stability.
Re-evaluation of a microbiological acceptable daily intake for tylosin based on its impact on human intestinal microflora
Authors: Kim Min Ji , Kim Ji Young , Choi Jang Duck , Moon Guiim 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAs veterinary drugs available for fish is very restricted, there is growing trials for repurposing livestock drugs as aquatic animal drugs. Tylosin is one of the most effective antibiotics to treat bacterial infections approved for livestock, and would be used in fish. Hence, we investigated the toxicological and microbiological aspects of tylosin to establish health-based guidance value (HBGV) and maximum residue limit (MRL) in fishes, and reevaluated the microbiological acceptable daily intake (mADI) based on updated relevant data and international guildeline. Lastly, exposure assessment was performed to confirm the appropriateness of MRL. By investigating available microbiologcial studies on tylosin, the microbiological point of departure was determined as 0.308 μg/mL, which was mean 50% minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC50), obtained from the Food Safety Committee of Japan (FSCJ) evaluation report. Furthermore, as a factor for the derivation of mADI, the volume of colon content was recently changed to 500 mL in compliance with the International Cooperation on Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Registration of Veterinary Medicinal Products (VICH) guidelines. This was previously defined as the mass of colon content (220 g). We applied correction factor 0.224 to the mean MIC50 for tylosin in the equation of mADI, since the drug is transformed to metabolites with reduced activity prior to entering the colon and bound to fecal materials within the colon of human. The mADI was evaluated as 0.01 mg/kg bw/day. Finally, the hazard index, calculated by dividing the estimated chronic dietary exposure by mADI, did not exceed 100%, suggesting that chronic dietary exposure to tylosin residues from veterinary use was unlikely to be a public health concern. Overall, this study contributes significantly in updating HBGV by application of the concept of mADI for the first time in Korea based on the revised microbiological risk assessment guidelines and in providing scientific rationale for the risk management of veterinary drug residues in food.
Overview of intelligent video coding: from model-based to learning-based approaches
Authors: Ma Siwei , Gao Junlong , Wang Ruofan , Chang Jianhui , Mao Qi , Huang Zhimeng , Jia Chuanmin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntelligent video coding (IVC), which dates back to the late 1980s with the concept of encoding videos with knowledge and semantics, includes visual content compact representation models and methods enabling structural, detailed descriptions of visual information at different granularity levels (i.e., block, mesh, region, and object) and in different areas. It aims to support and facilitate a wide range of applications, such as visual media coding, content broadcasting, and ubiquitous multimedia computing. We present a high-level overview of the IVC technology from model-based coding (MBC) to learning-based coding (LBC). MBC mainly adopts a manually designed coding scheme to explicitly decompose videos to be coded into blocks or semantic components. Thanks to emerging deep learning technologies such as neural networks and generative models, LBC has become a rising topic in the coding area. In this paper, we first review the classical MBC approaches, followed by the LBC approaches for image and video data. We also discuss and overview our recent attempts at neural coding approaches, which are inspiring for both academic research and industrial implementation. Some critical yet less studied issues are discussed at the end of this paper.
Indolent presentation of a right-sided spontaneous diaphragmatic hernia: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Warn Michael J. , Swisher Austin R. , Pitco Alexandra , Ghyaz Zahan , Vitek Ross , Khurana Neharika 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Introduction and Importance
Diaphragmatic hernias are the herniation of abdominal contents through the diaphragm into the thorax and are categorized as congenital or acquired. Most commonly, acquired diaphragmatic hernia is preceded by blunt or penetrating trauma to the abdomen with the former occurring more frequently. In less than 1% of cases, acquired diaphragmatic hernias can occur spontaneously, which can be recognized incidentally on imaging or by patients presenting with non-specific symptoms. Without prompt diagnosis, patients are at risk for incarceration and strangulation of the herniated contents, resulting in bowel necrosis.

Case presentation
Here, we present the case of a 36-year-old male who presented with worsening 3-month history of dyspnea and palpitations. Initial clinical exam was notable for tachypnea and accessory muscle recruitment. Auscultation revealed bowel sounds in the right lung fields. Semi-upright chest radiograph uncovered a large right-sided pneumothorax containing portions of the stomach, liver, and numerous loops of bowel, with significant cardiomediastinal left shift. Surgical intervention for diaphragmatic hernia repair was promptly planned.

Clinical discussion
Spontaneous diaphragmatic hernia occurring secondary to a defect on the right side of the diaphragm without any history of trauma or surgery is an extraordinarily infrequent pathology. This subacute clinical presentation despite extensive anatomic involvement highlights the importance of thorough physical examination, with auscultation of bowel sounds in the thorax serving as a near pathognomonic finding for a spontaneous diaphragmatic hernia, including patients without a known history of acute trauma or previous surgery.

Conclusion
Surgical management of such rare hernias via abdominal, thoracic, or a combined approach coupled with pulmonary monitoring proves to be an effective treatment, and awareness of this case will aid in its identification and the ability to provide prompt intervention.

Highlights
Roadmap to engagement: Bringing patient partners into cancer research and beyond
Authors: Kimminau Kim S. , Jernigan Cheryl , Krebill Hope , Douglas Sara , Peltzer Jill , Hamilton-Reeves Jill , Chen Ronald C. , Jensen Roy 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The University of Kansas Cancer Center (KU Cancer Center) initiated an engagement program to leverage the lived experience of individuals and families with cancer. KU Cancer Center faculty, staff, and patient partners built an infrastructure to achieve a patient-designed, patient-led, and research-informed engagement program called Patient and Investigator Voices Organizing Together (PIVOT). This special communication offers an engagement roadmap that can be replicated, scaled, and adopted at other cancer centers and academic health systems. PIVOT demonstrates that collaboration among academic leaders, investigators, and people with a lived experience yields a patient-centered, vibrant environment that enriches the research enterprise.
Comparison of clinical outcomes over time of inpatients with healthcare-associated or community-acquired coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A multicenter, prospective cohort study
Authors: Grant Rebecca L. , Sauser Julien , Atkinson Andrew , D’Incau Stéphanie , Buetti Niccolò , Zanella Marie-Céline , Harbarth Stephan , Marschall Jonas , Catho Gaud ,   for the CH-SUR Collaborative Network
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjective:To compare clinical outcomes over time of inpatients with healthcare-associated coronavirus disease 2019 (HA-COVID-19) versus community-acquired COVID-19 (CA-COVID-19).Design:We conducted a multicenter, prospective observational cohort study of inpatients with COVID-19.Setting:The study was conducted across 16 acute-care hospitals in Switzerland.Participants and methods:We compared HA-COVID-19 cases, defined as patients with a positive severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) test > 5 days after hospital admission, with hospitalized CA-COVID-19 cases, defined as those who tested positive within 5 days of admission. The composite primary outcome was patient transfer to an intensive care unit (ICU) or an intermediate care unit (IMCU) and/or all-cause in-hospital mortality. We used cause-specific Cox regression and Fine-Gray regression to model the time to the composite clinical outcome, adjusting for confounders and accounting for the competing event of discharge from hospital. We compared our results to those from a conventional approach using an adjusted logistic regression model where time-varying effects and competitive risk were ignored.Results:Between February 19, 2020, and December 31, 2020, we included 1,337 HA-COVID-19 cases and 9,068 CA-COVID-19 cases. HA-COVID-19 patients were significantly older: median, 80 (interquartile range [IQR], 71–87) versus median 70 (IQR, 57–80) (P < .001). A greater proportion of HA-COVID-19 patients had a Charlson comorbidity index ≥ 5 (79% vs 55%; P < .001) than did CA-COVID-19 patients. In time-varying analyses, between day 0 and 8, HA-COVID-19 cases had a decreased risk of death or ICU or IMCU transfer compared to CA-COVID-19 cases (cause-specific hazard ratio [csHR], 0.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.33–0.56). In contrast, from day 8 to 30, HA-COVID-19 cases had an increased risk of death or ICU or IMCU transfer (csHR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.20–1.85), with no significant effect on the rate of discharge (csHR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.61–1.14). In the conventional logistic regression model, HA-COVID-19 was protective against transfer to an ICU or IMCU and/or all-cause in-hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.79, 95% CI, 0.67–0.93).Conclusions:The risk of adverse clinical outcomes for HA-COVID-19 cases increased substantially over time in hospital and exceeded that for CA-COVID-19. Using approaches that do not account for time-varying effects or competing events may not fully capture the true risk of HA-COVID-19 compared to CA-COVID-19.
Indication-driven order entry decreases stewardship and pharmacist interventions
Authors: Nishiguchi Jacey L. , Bio Laura L. , Cornell Sean T. , Schwenk Hayden T. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIndication-driven order entry (IDOE) was implemented at our pediatric institution for cefazolin, piperacillin-tazobactam, and meropenem; the 3 most intervened upon antibiotics during prospective audit and feedback (PAF) by the antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP). IDOE was associated with a significant reduction in both ASP PAF recommendations and clinical pharmacist interventions.
Efficacy of 23 commonly used liquid disinfectants against Candida auris isolates from the 4 major clades
Authors: Haq Muhammed F. , Pearlmutter Basya S. , Cadnum Jennifer L. , Donskey Curtis J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe tested the effectiveness of 23 disinfectants used in healthcare facilities against isolates from the 4 major clades of Candida auris. Sporicidal disinfectants were consistently effective, whereas quaternary-ammonium disinfectants had limited activity. Quaternary-ammonium–alcohol and hydrogen-peroxide–based disinfectants varied in effectiveness against C. auris.
When to give weight to weighty religious disagreement
Authors: Jensen Jennifer 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWhen we encounter a disagreeing interlocutor in the weighty domains of religion, philosophy, and politics, what is the rational response to the disagreement? I argue that the rational response is to proportion the degree to which you give weight to the opinion of a disagreeing interlocutor to the degree to which you and your interlocutor share relevant beliefs. I begin with Richard Fumerton's three conditions under which we can rationally give no weight to the opinions of a disagreeing peer. I argue that his conditions are incomplete; I propose a fourth condition that maintains that disagreeing interlocutors (whether they are peers or not) need not give weight to each other's opinions when the interlocutors do not share rationally held relevant beliefs. By contrast, when rationally held relevant beliefs are shared, rationality demands that we re-evaluate and even moderate or change beliefs in the face of disagreement. I then defend my condition against two objections. First, I argue that the condition does not entail a coherence theory of justification. Second, I consider the charge that my condition recommends operating within an epistemic bubble.
Biobehavioral mechanisms underlying testosterone and mood relationships in peripubertal female adolescents
Authors: Andersen Elizabeth , Prim Julianna , Campbell Alana , Schiller Crystal , Baresich Kayla , Girdler Susan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe pubertal transition is characterized by pronounced sex hormone fluctuation, refinement of affective neural circuitry, and an increased risk of depression in female adolescents. Sex hormones, including testosterone, exert modulatory effects on frontal-limbic brain networks and are associated with emotion dysregulation and depressive symptoms. Weekly changes in hormones predict affective symptoms in peripubertal female adolescents, particularly in the context of stress; however, the biobehavioral mechanisms underlying hormone change and mood relationships during the pubertal transition have yet to be determined and was the objective of the present study. Forty-three peripubertal female adolescents (ages 11–14) collected 8-weekly salivary hormone (estrone, testosterone) samples and mood assessments to evaluate hormone-mood relationships, followed by a biobehavioral testing session with psychosocial stress and EEG. Within-person correlations between weekly hormone changes and corresponding mood were performed to determine individual differences in mood sensitivity to weekly hormone change. Increased frontal theta activity indexing emotion reactivity, reduced cortisol reactivity, and reduced vagal efficiency predicted the strength of the relationship between testosterone and mood. Further, testosterone-sensitivity strength was associated with the enhancement of negative affect following stress testing. Results identify divergent frontal theta and stress responses as potential biobehavioral mechanisms underlying mood sensitivity to peripubertal testosterone fluctuation.
The assessment of geriatric malnutrition, geriatric depression and associated co-morbidities among forcibly displaced Myanmar nationals in Bangladesh
Authors: Alam Mohammad Morshad , Das Rajib , Clara Afrin Ahmed , Mohsin Faroque Md , Rumi Md Anwar Hossain , Wahab Abrar , Hasan Md Abeed , Hawlader Mohammad Delwer Hossain 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjective:To assess the nutritional status and depression of the elderly forcibly displaced Myanmar nationals (FDMN) in Bangladesh and determine the associated factors of geriatric depression (GD).Design:This was a community-based, cross-sectional study among elderly FDMN. The Mini Nutritional Assessment Short-Form (MNA@-SF) and Geriatric Depression Scale Short-Form (GDS-15 SF) were used to determine malnutrition and GD, respectively.Setting:The study was conducted between November 2021 and March 2022 in Kutupalong Refugee Camp, Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh.Participants:The study participants were elderly FDMN aged ≥ 60 years (n 430).Results:The mean age and BMI were 71·7(±7·8) years and 21·94(±2·6) kg/m2, respectively. There was a high prevalence of self-reported diabetes mellitus (32·1 %), hypertension (26·7 %), hypotension (20 %), skin diseases (28·4 %) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (16·5 %). The prevalence of malnutrition was 25·3 %, and another 29·1 % were at risk. The prevalence of GD was 57·9 %, and co-occurrences of GD and malnutrition were seen in 17·5 % of participants. GD was significantly higher among elderly people with malnutrition (adjusted OR, AOR = 1·71, 95 % CI: 1·01, 2·89). FDMN aged ≥ 80 years were at higher risk of GD (AOR = 1·84, 95 % CI: 1·01, 3·37), and having fewer than five members in the household was an independent predictor of GD. Diabetes mellitus (AOR = 1·95, 95 % CI: 1·24, 3·08) and hypotension (AOR = 2·17, 95 % CI: 1·25, 2·78) were also significantly associated with an increased risk of GD.Conclusion:A high prevalence of GD and malnutrition was observed among elderly FDMN in Bangladesh. The agencies working in Cox’s Bazar should focus on geriatric malnutrition and GD for the improvement of the health situation of FDMN in Bangladesh.
Evidence that ectoparasites influence the hematological parameters of the host: a systematic review
Authors: Nogueira Bárbara Cristina Félix , da Silva Soares Elaine , Mauricio Ortega Orozco Andrés , Abreu da Fonseca Leandro , Kanadani Campos Artur 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEctoparasites are important to the one health concept because their parasitism can result in the transmission of pathogens, allergic reactions, the release of toxins, morbidity, and even death of the host. Ectoparasites can affect host physiology, as reflected in immune defenses and body condition as well as hematological and biochemical parameters. Thus, evidence that ectoparasites influence host hematological parameters was systematically reviewed, and the methodological quality of these studies was analyzed. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines were followed, and the studies included were limited to those that evaluated changes in hematological tests in ectoparasite-infested and non-infested animals, and bias and methodological quality were evaluated using the Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments guideline. Thirty-four studies were selected and information about the host, ectoparasite infestation, blood collection, and analysis was collected and compared whenever possible. In this review, the presence of ectoparasites influenced both the red series and the white series of hematological parameters. Among the main parameters analyzed, hematocrit, red blood cells, hemoglobin, and lymphocytes showed reductions, probably due to ectoparasite blood-feeding, while including eosinophils, neutrophils, and basophils increased in infested animals due to the host immune response. However, methodologic improvements are needed to reduce the risk of bias, enhance the reproducibility of such studies, and ensure results aligned with the mechanisms that act in the ectoparasite-host relationship.