bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proprioception‐related gene mutations in relation to the aetiopathogenesis of idiopathic scoliosis: A scoping review
Authors: Lau Kenney K. L. , Law Karlen K. P. , Kwan Kenny Y. H. , Cheung Jason P. Y. , Cheung Kenneth M. C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSince idiopathic scoliosis is a multifactorial disorder, the proprioceptive defect is considered one of its etiological factors. Genetic studies have separately revealed this relationship, yet it remains indeterminate which specific genes that related to proprioception contributed to the initiation, progression, pathology, and treatment outcomes of the curvature. A systematic search was conducted on four online databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Academic search complete. Studies were included if they involved human or animal subjects with idiopathic scoliosis and evaluated with proprioceptive genes. The search period was the inception of the database to February 21, 2023. Four genes (i.e., Ladybird homeobox 1 [LBX1], Piezo type mechanosensitive ion channel component 2 [PIEZO2], Runx family transcription factor 3 [RUNX3], and neurotrophin 3 [NTF3]) investigated in 19 studies were included. LBX1 has confirmed the correlation with the development of idiopathic scoliosis in 10 ethnicities, whereas PIEZO2 has shown a connection with clinical proprioceptive tests in subjects with idiopathic scoliosis. However, curve severity was less likely to be related to the proprioceptive genes. The potential pathology took place at the proprioceptive neurons. Evidence of proprioception‐related gene mutations in association with idiopathic scoliosis was established. Nevertheless, the causation between the initiation, progression, and treatment outcomes with proprioceptive defect requires further investigation.
Toxicity of allyl isothiocyanate applied in systems with or without recirculation for controllingSitophilus zeamais, Rhyzopertha dominica, andTribolium castaneumin corn grains
Authors: Cerón Daniel Andrés Castro , de Alencar Ernandes Rodrigues , Faroni Lêda Rita D'Antonino , Silva Marcus Vinicius De Assis , Salvador Davi Vittorazzi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe application of allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) has been proposed as an alternative to control stored‐grain insects. However, AITC is a compound with a low diffusion coefficient, making its distribution throughout the grain mass difficult. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of AITC applied in systems with or without recirculation for controlling Sitophilus zeamais (Mots. 1855) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabr.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae), and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) infesting a corn grain mass. The assays used a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) prototype, dimensioned 1.60 m in length, 0.30 m in diameter, and a static capacity of 60 kg of grains. AITC toxicity to insects was evaluated at the base, 0.5 m from the base, and top of the grain column (1.0 m). Different concentrations of AITC were tested for an exposure period of 48 h.RESULTSIn the system without AITC recirculation, insect mortality was verified only at the base of the grain column. However, insect mortality was considered uniform at the different positions of the column when the AITC recirculation system was adopted. In this system, there was also a marked reduction in the instantaneous population growth rate of S. zeamais, T. castaneum, and R. dominica, and a decrease in the dry matter loss of the grains, when the AITC concentrations were increased.CONCLUSIONAITC recirculation proved to be a viable strategy for protecting grains against the species S. zeamais, R. dominica, and T. castaneum. AITC fumigation ultimately did not cause changes in grain quality. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Interaction mechanism of egg derived peptides RVPSL and QIGLF with dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine membrane: microcalorimetric and molecular dynamics simulation studies
Authors: Yu Zhipeng , Ma Wenhao , Ji Huizhuo , Fan Yue , Zhao Wenzhu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDEgg‐derived peptides are becoming increasingly popular due to their biological activity and non‐toxic effects. The egg‐derived peptides Arg‐Val‐Pro‐Ser‐Leu (RVPSL) and Gln‐Ile‐Gly‐Leu‐Phe (QIGLF) display strong angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitory activity and they can be taken up by intestinal epithelial cells. The interaction of the egg‐derived peptides RVPSL and QIGLF with the membrane remains unclear.RESULTSThe position and structure of the peptides in the membrane were calculated. The maximum density values of RVPSL and QIGLF were 2.27 and 1.22 nm from the center of the 1,2‐dipalmitoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) membrane, respectively, indicating that peptides penetrated the membrane‐water interface and were embedded in the membrane. The interaction of RVPSL and QIGLF with the DPPC membrane did not affect the average area per lipid or the lipid sequence parameters. The thermodynamic parameters ΔH, ΔG, and ΔS of the interaction between the peptide RVPSL with the DPPC membrane were 17.91 kJ mol−1, −17.63 kJ mol−1, 187.5 J mol−1·k−1, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters ΔH, ΔG, and ΔS of the interaction between peptide QIGLF with DPPC membrane were 17.10 kJ mol−1, −17.12 kJ mol−1, 114.8 J mol−1·k−1, respectively.CONCLUSIONThe results indicated that the binding of peptides RVPSL and QIGLF to DPPC is an endothermic, spontaneous, and entropy‐driven reaction. The results of the study are relevant to the problem of the low bioavailability of bioactive peptides (BP). © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Spatial and temporal variability in summertime dissolved carbon dioxide and methane in temperate ponds and shallow lakes
Authors: Ray Nicholas E. , Holgerson Meredith A. , Andersen Mikkel Rene , Bikše Jānis , Bortolotti Lauren E. , Futter Martyn , Kokorīte Ilga , Law Alan , McDonald Cory , Mesman Jorrit P. , Peacock Mike , Richardson David C. , Arsenault Julien , Bansal Sheel , Cawley Kaelin , Kuhn McKenzie , Shahabinia Amir Reza , Smufer Facundo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSmall waterbodies have potentially high greenhouse gas emissions relative to their small footprint on the landscape, although there is high uncertainty in model estimates. Scaling their carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) exchange with the atmosphere remains challenging due to an incomplete understanding and characterization of spatial and temporal variability in CO2 and CH4. Here, we measured partial pressures of CO2 (pCO2) and CH4 (pCH4) across 30 ponds and shallow lakes during summer in temperate regions of Europe and North America. We sampled each waterbody in three locations at three times during the growing season, and tested which physical, chemical, and biological characteristics related to the means and variability of pCO2 and pCH4 in space and time. Summer means of pCO2 and pCH4 were inversely related to waterbody size and positively related to floating vegetative cover; pCO2 was also positively related to dissolved phosphorus. Temporal variability in partial pressure in both gases weas greater than spatial variability. Although sampling on a single date was likely to misestimate mean seasonal pCO2 by up to 26%, mean seasonal pCH4 could be misestimated by up to 64.5%. Shallower systems displayed the most temporal variability in pCH4 and waterbodies with more vegetation cover had lower temporal variability. Inland waters remain one of the most uncertain components of the global carbon budget; understanding spatial and temporal variability will ultimately help us to constrain our estimates and inform research priorities.
Mid‐summer fish behavior in a high‐latitude twilight zone
Authors: Kaartvedt Stein , Christiansen Svenja , Titelman Josefin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe behavior of the mesopelagic fish Benthosema glaciale was studied at 60°N in mid‐summer. We hypothesized that diel vertical migration (DVM) is constrained by short and dusk nights (surface illumination > 10−2 μmol m−2 s−1) and that individuals are active at depth during the long summer days. Submerged echosounders provided high‐resolution data throughout the water column. During the day, a part of the population ascended toward the increasing daylight. Short vertical relocations were followed by minutes of vertical inactivity. Swimming included horizontal turns and loops associated with the vertical steps. Normal DVM was initiated ~ 4 h before sunset and reflected independent individual decisions. The fish initially ascended stepwise but switched to mostly straight upwards swimming attaining 3–4 cm s−1. Their vertical speed was faster than the slow ascent of isolumes and even the deepest living fish potentially could reach upper layers shortly after sunset. However, many individuals aborted their ascent and returned to depth before the darkest time of the night, while others returned downward closer to sunrise. The daytime swimming and individual variability in diel migration behavior have implications for encounters with prey and predators in the twilight zone and the biological carbon pump. A principal conclusion is that mesopelagic fishes can modify their behavior and migration patterns to suit a wide range of changing conditions.
Recent Progress in Regenerated Cellulose Fibers by Wet Spinning
Authors: Shen Hao , Sun Tingyu , Zhou Jinping 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCellulose is the most abundant and “green” biomass resource on earth and gains tremendous attention. It is expected to become an alternative for traditional chemical and petroleum resources. This review describes the traditional solvents used for industrial processes, the non‐derivative organic solvents, and the aqueous solution systems, along with their dissolution mechanisms and development of fiber‐spinning processes. The problems associated with the industrial production of viscose fibers and cuprammonium fibers are also discussed. This paper focuses on the research status of regenerated cellulose fibers (RCFs) prepared with green and no‐pollution aqueous solutions and provides some effective strategies and methods for improving the mechanical strength of RCFs and promoting the implementation of industrial production. Lastly, the current developments of RCFs are summarized and prospected and it would serve as a guide for the developmental trend and research direction of RCFs in the future.
Antiparkinsonian Medication Reconciliation as a Strategy to Improve Safety by Preventing Medication Errors
Authors: Viudez‐Martínez Adrián , Ramírez‐López Ana , López‐Nieto Javier , Climent‐Grana Eduardo , Riera Gerónima 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundAbout 70% of neurologists report that PD patients do not get their medication properly when hospitalized, and 33% are prescribed contraindicated drugs.ObjectivesTo execute medication reconciliation (MedRec) focused on antiparkinsonian drugs to identify, characterize and, eventually, prevent medication errors, thus promoting therapeutic quality and safety in daily practice.MethodsAn interventional, single‐center, 1 year, prospective study. All the patients who were hospitalized and had, at least, one active prescription containing an antiparkinsonian drug at hospital admission were included. MedRec was performed by following a three‐phased check: inpatient electronic prescription validation after assessing the outpatient medication schedule, review of the latest clinical report emitted by the Neurology Department/General Practitioner, and pharmacist‐driven interview of the patient and/or caregiver to confirm the information regarding medication gathered.ResultsA total of 171 admission episodes from 132 patients were registered (February 1, 2021, and January 31, 2022). Of 224 prescription lines involving antiparkinsonian drugs, 179 contained, at least, one medication error (59.8%). Commission errors (91.62%) were more frequent than omitted drugs (8.38%). The most common medication errors were related to timing (41.90%), frequency (21.23%), and dosing (19.55%). The implementation of this program prevented the erroneous administration of 2716 antiparkinsonian doses, 60% of the total number of doses prescribed. Interestingly, a significant relationship between the number of medication errors and having levodopa prescribed was evidenced (P < 0.05). A contraindicated drug was prescribed in almost one‐third of the episodes (29.82%).ConclusionsClinical pharmacists' implementation of an antiparkinsonians reconciliation program sharply reduced medication errors and prescription of contraindicated drugs.
Genetic analysis and outcomes of Omani children with steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Al Riyami Mohamed S. , Al Alawi Intisar , Al Gaithi Badria , Al Maskari Anisa , Al Kalbani Naifain , Al Hashmi Nadia , Al Balushi Aisha , Al Shahi Maryam , Al Saidi Suliman , Al Bimani Muna , Al Hatali Fahad , Mabillard Holly , Sayer John A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundNephrotic syndrome (NS) is one of the most common kidney disorders seen by pediatric nephrologists and is defined by the presence of heavy proteinuria (>3.5 g/24 h), hypoalbuminemia (<3.5 g/dL), edema, and hyperlipidemia. Most children with NS are steroid‐responsive and have a good prognosis following treatment with prednisolone. However, 10%–20% of them have steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) and fail to respond to treatment. A significant proportion of these children progress to kidney failure.MethodsThis retrospective study aimed to determine the underlying genetic causes of SRNS among Omani children below 13 years old, over a 15‐year period and included 77 children from 50 different families. We used targeted Sanger sequencing combined with next‐generation sequencing approaches to perform molecular diagnostics.ResultsWe found a high rate of underlying genetic causes of SRNS in 61 (79.2%) children with pathogenic variants in the associated genes. Most of these genetically solved SRNS patients were born to consanguineous parents and variants were in the homozygous state. Pathogenic variants in NPHS2 were the most common cause of SRNS in our study seen in 37 (48.05%) cases. Pathogenic variants in NPHS1 were also seen in 16 cases, especially in infants with congenital nephrotic syndrome (CNS). Other genetic causes identified included pathogenic variants in LAMB2, PLCE1, MYO1E, and NUP93.ConclusionNPHS2 and NPHS1 genetic variants were the most common inherited causes of SRNS in Omani children. However, patients with variants in several other SRNS causative genes were also identified. We recommend screening for all genes responsible for SRNS in all children who present with this phenotype, which will assist in clinical management decisions and genetic counseling for the affected families.
Optical genome mapping identifies a novel pediatric embryonal tumor with a ZNF532::NUTM1 fusion
Authors: Bornhorst Miriam , Eze Augustine , Bhattacharya Surajit , Putnam Ethan , Almira‐Suarez M Isabel , Rossi Christopher , Kambhampati Madhuri , Almalvez Miguel , Barseghyan Mariam , Del Risco Nicole , Dotson David , Turner Joyce , Myseros John S , Vilain Eric , Packer Roger J , Nazarian Javad , Rood Brian , Barseghyan Hayk 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe molecular characteristics of pediatric brain tumors have not only allowed for tumor subgrouping but have led to the introduction of novel treatment options for patients with specific tumor alterations. Therefore, an accurate histologic and molecular diagnosis is critical for optimized management of all pediatric patients with brain tumors, including central nervous system embryonal tumors. We present a case where optical genome mapping identified a ZNF532::NUTM1 fusion in a patient with a unique tumor best characterized histologically as a central nervous system embryonal tumor with rhabdoid features. Additional analyses including immunohistochemistry for NUT protein, methylation array, whole genome, and RNA‐sequencing was done to confirm the presence of the fusion in the tumor. This is the first description of a pediatric patient with a ZNF532::NUTM1 fusion, yet the histology of this tumor is similar to that of adult cancers with ZNF::NUTM1 fusions reported in the literature. Although rare, the distinct pathology and underlying molecular characteristics of the ZNF532::NUTM1 tumor separates this from other embryonal tumors. Therefore, screening for this or similar NUTM1 rearrangements should be considered for all patients with unclassified central nervous system tumors with rhabdoid features to ensure accurate diagnosis. Ultimately, with additional cases, we may be able to better inform therapeutic management for these patients. © 2023 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Cooperative synergistic effects of multiple functional groups in amide‐containing polyimides with pyridine ring and pendent tert‐butyl
Authors: Cao Tianmin , Wang Xun , Zhang Rongbin , Chen Shichang , Qi Haixia , Yao Yuqing , Liu Feng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this work, pyridine ring and pendent tert‐butyl were introduced into the diamine NTPA in view of improving the processability and transparency of the PIs via inhibiting charge‐transfer complexes (CTCs). Meanwhile, the amide linkage was simultaneously introduced in order to boost the thermal and mechanical properties of the PIs by reasonably increasing the polymer stiffness via noncovalent amide H‐bonding. The dianhydride BPADA was employed in the copolymerization with the diamine comonomers of NTPA with ODA in different ratios. Due to the presence of tert‐butyl and pyridine ring, the synthesized co‐PIs showed good optical properties with T500 higher than 75% for all co‐PIs, reaching 83% for homopolymer BPADA‐NTPA, higher solubility in organic solvents, and better hydrophobicity with maximum hydrostatic contact angle as high as 91.9°. Meanwhile, the amide H‐bonding increased the mechanical properties of co‐PIs with the maximum tensile strength reaching 127 MPa. Furthermore, amide H‐bonding exceedingly offset the reducing effects of pendent bulky butyl groups on the thermal properties of PIs, and the Tg of the co‐PIs containing NTPA moiety ranged in 244–298°C, remarkably higher than 218°C for homopolymer BPADA‐ODA. This work proved cooperative synergistic effects of multiple functional groups in balancing the general properties of co‐PIs.
Impact of omega‐3 supplementation on children and adolescents patients with cystic fibrosis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized‐controlled trials
Authors: Sohouli Mohammad Hassan , Magalhães Elma Izze da Silva , Ghahramani Sara , Nasresfahani Maryam , Ezoddin Neda , Sharifi Parastoo , Rohani Pejman 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveClinical trial research have provided evidence that omega‐3 may have larger potential benefits for treating cystic fibrosis (CF). This study's objective was to assess the impact of three supplementation on pediatric CF patients.MethodsScopus, PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Embase databases were searched from commencement until July 20, 2022 using standard keywords to identify all randomized controlled studies (RCTs) examining the effects of omega‐3 supplementation on young patients with CF. The eligible studies were subjected to a random‐effects model meta‐analysis.ResultsA meta‐analysis of 12 the eligible studies was performed. Findings of the study showed that omega‐3 supplementation significantly increased the levels of docosahexaenoic acid (weighted mean [WMD]: 2.06%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29, 2.82, p < 0.001) and eicosapentaenoic acid (WMD: 0.32%, 95% CI: 0.15, 0.48, p < 0.001) as well as decreased arachidonic acid (WMD: −0.78%, 95% CI: −1.50, −0.05, p = 0.035) and C‐receptive protein (CRP) (WMD: −3.76 mg/L, 95% CI: −7.42, −0.10, p = 0.044) especially when used in higher doses and for a longer period of time compared to the control group. However, no significant effect was observed on other factors including forced expiratory volume 1, forced vital capacity as well as anthropometric parameters. In addition, high heterogeneity was reported for all fatty acids, but heterogeneity was low and nonsignificant for other variables.ConclusionThe finding showed that in pediatric patients with CF, omega‐3 supplementation showed benefits only in plasma fatty acid profile and serum CRP.
Survey analysis and discussion on cultivating scientific research quality among undergraduates in medical colleges
Authors: Liu Ling , Luan Jing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTo explore rational measures to improve medical undergraduates' scientific research quality by investigating and analyzing their scientific research situation. A questionnaire survey was conducted in March 2022 among medical college/university undergraduates across four grades and five majors. Five hundred and ninety‐four questionnaires were distributed, and 553 valid copies were returned, with a 93.1% return rate. The results showed that 61.5% of the students had an intense interest in research experiments, and 46.8% thought it was important for undergraduates to participate in research experiments, but only 17.5% often participated in them. Among the students, 85.0% thought that the main factors preventing them from participating in research experiments were academic stress and insufficient time, and 82.6% hoped that mentors would focus on practical skills training; only 13.0% read literature at least once per week, and 93.5% were not proficient at organizing and using literature. Among the participating undergraduates, more than half were strongly interested in scientific research, but academic stress, unclear participation modes, and insufficient literature retrieval skills limited undergraduate scientific research practice and improvement of scientific quality. Therefore, it is essential to cultivate undergraduates' interest in scientific research, ensure that they have spare time to engage in scientific research, improve the undergraduate scientific research mentorship system, and enhance relevant scientific research abilities to cultivate more innovative talent in scientific research.
Quantum Neural Networks for a Supply Chain Logistics Application
Authors: Correll Randall , Weinberg Sean J. , Sanches Fabio , Ide Takanori , Suzuki Takafumi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractProblem instances of a size suitable for practical applications are not likely to be addressed during the noisy intermediate‐scale quantum (NISQ) period with (almost) pure quantum algorithms. Hybrid classical‐quantum algorithms have potential, however, to achieve good performance on much larger problem instances. One such hybrid algorithm on a problem of substantial importance: vehicle routing for supply chain logistics with multiple trucks and complex demand structure is investigated. Reinforcement learning with neural networks with embedded quantum circuits is used. In such neural networks, projecting high‐dimensional feature vectors down to smaller vectors is necessary to accommodate restrictions on the number of qubits of NISQ hardware. However, a multi‐head attention mechanism is used where, even in classical machine learning, such projections are natural and desirable. Data from the truck routing logistics of a company in the automotive sector is considered, and the methodology is applied by decomposing into small teams of trucks and results are found comparable to human truck assignment.