bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical simulation of an electromechanical brake concerning associated difficulties
Authors: Poznić A , Stojić B 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The biggest challenge in developing any type of brake (or any other actuator) is overcoming its inherent disadvantages. Brakes that use materials whose rheological properties change under the influence of an external magnetic field are called magnetorheological brakes. In addition to the mechanical issues, magnetorheological brakes are troubled with cooling, sealing, settling, fluids' gap size, etc. Furthermore, there are issues with brake’s magnetic field density distribution and propagation. The poor distribution of the magnetic field density through the body of the magnetorheological brake is one of these inherent disadvantages. Magnetorheological’s brake magnetic circuit modeling forms the basis for further development. This paper is part of ongoing research into the feasibility of using magnetorheological brakes in automotive applications. Certain points of the numerical simulation process are addressed. The research uses part of the results from previous numerical simulations, carried out using commercial finite element method software - COMSOL Multiphysics, AC/DC module, and results from the previous experiments.
Vehicle Suspension System with Integrated Inerter - Extended Analysis
Authors: Nešić Nikola , Simonović Julijana , Blagojević Milan , Milojević Saša , Jović Srđan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Inerter devices are used in Formula 1 vehicles for a decade to reduce vertical and rolling displacement at the corner of the sharp racing curves and provide higher tire grip on racing challenges. To improve dynamics Formula SAE Car, several topological designs for suspension system are already proposed and published [1]. Based on our passive suspension system for quarter-car model, we carried out analysis for different parameters and under the impact from the road disturbance and demonstrated when integrated inerter device can increase ride comfort and decrease vertical displacement. Proposed solution system with integrated inerter mechanism can improve vehicle suspension systems development and have effects on dynamics and stability of a vehicle.
Effects of pyrocarbon interphase on microstructure and properties of C/SiBCN composites
Authors: Jia Yan , Cheng Haifeng , Chen Si’an 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
C/SiBCN composites are expected to be widely used in aerospace applications because of their excellent high-temperature stability. However, the interfacial reactions have significantly limited their practical application. A pyrocarbon (PyC) interphase can improve the interfacial reactions of C/SiBCN composites. In this study, PyC interphases of different thicknesses (0.1 μm, 0.25 μm, and 0.5 μm) were introduced via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. The interface bonding of C/SiBCN composites with 0.1 μm and 0.25 μm thick interphases was relatively weak and the composites with 0.5 μm interphase exhibited strong interface bonding. After heat treatment at 1600 °C, the mechanical properties of the C/SiBCN composites with the 0.5 μm thick interphase was maintained at 131 MPa, and it was maintained at 105 MPa even after heat treatment at 1900 °C, indicating their excellent high-temperature mechanical properties. In short, 0.5 μm thick PyC interphase can effectively improve the interfacial reaction of the C/SiBCN composites, facilitating their application in high-temperature environments.
Meaningful local signalling in sinoatrial node identified by random matrix theory and PCA
Authors: Norris Chloe F , Maltsev Anna V 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The sinoatrial node (SAN) is the pacemaker of the heart. Recently calcium signals, believed to be crucially important in rhythm generation, have been imaged in intact SAN and shown to be heterogeneous in various regions of the SAN with a lot of analysis relying on visual inspection rather than mathematical tools. Here we apply methods of random matrix theory (RMT) developed for financial data and various biological data sets including β-cell collectives and electroencephalograms (EEG) to analyse correlations in SAN calcium signals using eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the correlation matrix. We use principal component analysis to locate signalling modules corresponding to localization properties the eigenvectors corresponding to high eigenvalues. We find that the top eigenvector captures the global behaviour of the SAN i.e. action potential (AP) induced calcium transient. In some cases, the eigenvector corresponding to the second highest eigenvalue yields a pacemaker region whose calcium signals predict the AP. Furthermore, using new analytic methods, we study the relationship between covariance coefficients and distance, and find that even inside the central zone, there are non-trivial long range correlations, indicating intercellular interactions in most cases. Lastly, we perform an analysis of nearest-neighbour eigenvalue distances and find that it coincides with universal Wigner surmise under all available experimental conditions, while the number variance, which captures eigenvalue correlations, is sensitive to experimental conditions. Thus RMT application to SAN allows to remove noise and the global effects of the AP-induced calcium transient and thereby isolate the local and meaningful correlations in calcium signalling.
PTMint database of experimentally verified PTM regulation on protein–protein interaction
Authors: Hong Xiaokun , Li Ningshan , Lv Jiyang , Zhang Yan , Li Jing , Zhang Jian , Chen Hai-Feng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Motivation
Post-translational modification (PTM) is an important biochemical process. which includes six most well-studied types: phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation, sumoylation, ubiquitylation and glycosylation. PTM is involved in various cell signaling pathways and biological processes. Abnormal PTM status is closely associated with severe diseases (such as cancer and neurologic diseases) by regulating protein functions, such as protein–protein interactions (PPIs). A set of databases was constructed separately for PTM sites and PPI; however, the resource of regulation for PTM on PPI is still unsolved.

Results
Here, we firstly constructed a public accessible database of PTMint (PTMs that are associated with PPIs) (https://ptmint.sjtu.edu.cn/) that contains manually curated complete experimental evidence of the PTM regulation on PPIs in multiple organisms, including Homo sapiens, Arabidopsis thaliana, Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Currently, the first version of PTMint encompassed 2477 non-redundant PTM sites in 1169 proteins affecting 2371 protein–protein pairs involving 357 diseases. Various annotations were systematically integrated, such as protein sequence, structure properties and protein complex analysis. PTMint database can help to insight into disease mechanism, disease diagnosis and drug discovery associated with PTM and PPI.

Availability and implementation
PTMint is freely available at: https://ptmint.sjtu.edu.cn/.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Therapeutic effect of Shaoyao-Gancao Decoction on TLR9-mediated NETosis in MRL/lpr mice
Authors: Qian Suhai , Jin Yibo , Xiang Shate , Wang Yao , Ding Zhishan , Ding Xinghong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, devastating autoimmune disorder associated with severe organ damage. The roles of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) and NETosis in SLE have been described, suggesting the involvement of NETosis signaling in the development of SLE. Shaoyao-Gancao Decoction (SGT) is a potential medication for the treatment of SLE; however, its potential therapeutic mechanism remains unexplored. To determine the function of SGT in SLE, we treated MRL/lpr female mice with SGT, the main components of which were paeoniflorin (56.949 μg·mL−1) and glycyrrhizin (459.393 μg·mL−1). We found that SGT treatment relieved lymphadenectasis and splenomegaly, reduced urine protein and anti-dsDNA antibody concentrations, and relieved kidney pathology in MRL/lpr mice. SGT could also effectively regulate the oxidation/antioxidant balance, significantly reduce malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) contents and significantly increase superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in MRL/lpr mice. The neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) content of MRL/lpr mice also decreased to a certain extent after SGT treatment. All these results suggested that SGT might improve the inflammatory damage to tissues caused by oxygen free radicals, thereby regulating the NETosis process mediated by TLR9 and exerting a good therapeutic effect on SLE.
Fractional flow reserve versus angiography-guided strategy in acute myocardial infarction with multivessel disease: a randomized trial
Authors: Lee Joo Myung , Kim Hyun Kuk , Park Keun Ho , Choo Eun Ho , Kim Chan Joon , Lee Seung Hun , Kim Min Chul , Hong Young Joon , Ahn Sung Gyun , Doh Joon-Hyung , Lee Sang Yeub , Park Sang Don , Lee Hyun-Jong , Kang Min Gyu , Koh Jin-Sin , Cho Yun-Kyeong , Nam Chang-Wook , Koo Bon-Kwon , Lee Bong-Ki , Yun Kyeong Ho , Hong David , Joh Hyun Sung , Choi Ki Hong , Park Taek Kyu , Yang Jeong Hoon , Song Young Bin , Choi Seung-Hyuk , Gwon Hyeon-Cheol , Hahn Joo-Yong ,   The FRAME-AMI Investigators
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Aims
In patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) and multivessel coronary artery disease, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of non-infarct-related artery reduces death or MI. However, whether selective PCI guided by fractional flow reserve (FFR) is superior to routine PCI guided by angiography alone is unclear. The current trial sought to compare FFR-guided PCI with angiography-guided PCI for non-infarct-related artery lesions among patients with acute MI and multivessel disease.

Methods and results
Patients with acute MI and multivessel coronary artery disease who had undergone successful PCI of the infarct-related artery were randomly assigned to either FFR-guided PCI (FFR ≤0.80) or angiography-guided PCI (diameter stenosis of &gt;50%) for non-infarct-related artery lesions. The primary end point was a composite of time to death, MI, or repeat revascularization. A total of 562 patients underwent randomization. Among them, 60.0% underwent immediate PCI for non-infarct-related artery lesions and 40.0% were treated by a staged procedure during the same hospitalization. PCI was performed for non-infarct-related artery in 64.1% in the FFR-guided PCI group and 97.1% in the angiography-guided PCI group, and resulted in significantly fewer stent used in the FFR-guided PCI group (2.2 ± 1.1 vs. 2.5 ± 0.9, P &lt; 0.001). At a median follow-up of 3.5 years (interquartile range: 2.7–4.1 years), the primary end point occurred in 18 patients of 284 patients in the FFR-guided PCI group and in 40 of 278 patients in the angiography-guided PCI group (7.4% vs. 19.7%; hazard ratio, 0.43; 95% confidence interval, 0.25–0.75; P = 0.003). The death occurred in five patients (2.1%) in the FFR-guided PCI group and in 16 patients (8.5%) in the angiography-guided PCI group; MI in seven (2.5%) and 21 (8.9%), respectively; and unplanned revascularization in 10 (4.3%) and 16 (9.0%), respectively.

Conclusion
In patients with acute MI and multivessel coronary artery disease, a strategy of selective PCI using FFR-guided decision-making was superior to a strategy of routine PCI based on angiographic diameter stenosis for treatment of non-infarct-related artery lesions regarding the risk of death, MI, or repeat revascularization.
Probabilistic inversion of circular phase spectra: application to two-station phase-velocity dispersion estimation in western Canada
Authors: Gosselin Jeremy M , Audet Pascal , Estève Clément , Schaeffer Andrew J 
Published: December 2022

SUMMARY
Periodic directional and temporal measurements are common in seismology, and necessitate specific statistical analyses that are appropriate for circular quantities. In this work, we explore the use of a von Mises distribution as a representation of errors on circular seismological observations. Specifically, we automate the estimation of surface-wave phase-velocity dispersion for the teleseismic two-station method, which generally suffers from a 2π phase ambiguity. The use of Bayesian inverse techniques, which aim to rigorously quantify model parameter uncertainty, have become widespread throughout seismology over the last decade. Here, we apply Bayesian inversion to measurements of surface-wave phase spectra in order to estimate 1-D, path-averaged Earth structure between station pairs. The dispersion curve and associated uncertainties are additional results of the inversion, which can then be used as input for subsequent analyses (e.g. tomography). We demonstrate this technique through application to surface-wave recordings from long-running seismic stations throughout western Canada. Our results for over 10 000 station pairs reveal first-order tectonic features consistent with previous studies, which provides confidence in our approach as well as an initial step towards resolving a full 3-D seismic velocity model for the region. This work also presents a foundation for the inversion of surface-wave phase spectra to estimate 3-D Earth structure directly. Finally, the ideas presented in this work are not limited to the inversion of surface-wave phase spectra, but can also be considered for Bayesian geophysical inversion of any circular quantities.
Semilocal Milnor K-Theory
Authors: Garkusha Grigory 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this paper, semilocal Milnor $K$-theory of fields is introduced and studied. A strongly convergent spectral sequence relating semilocal Milnor $K$-theory to semilocal motivic cohomology is constructed. In weight 2, the motivic cohomology groups $H^p_{{\operatorname {Zar}}}(k,\mathbb Z(2))$, $p\leqslant 1$, are computed as semilocal Milnor $K$-theory groups $\widehat {K}^M_{2,3-p}(k)$. The following applications are given: (i) several criteria for the Beilinson–Soulé Vanishing Conjecture; (ii) computation of $K_4$ of a field; (iii) the Beilinson conjecture for rational $K$-theory of fields of prime characteristic is shown to be equivalent to vanishing of rational semilocal Milnor $K$-theory.
Influenza A and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Trigger a Cellular Response That Blocks Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Virus 2 Infection in the Respiratory Tract
Authors: Dee Kieran , Schultz Verena , Haney Joanne , Bissett Laura A , Magill Callum , Murcia Pablo R 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Multiple viruses cocirculate and contribute to the burden of respiratory disease. Virus-virus interactions can decrease susceptibility to infection and this interference can have an epidemiological impact. As humans are normally exposed to a community of cocirculating respiratory viruses, experimental coinfection studies are necessary to understand the disease mechanisms of multipathogen systems. We aimed to characterize interactions within the respiratory tract between severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and 2 major respiratory viruses: influenza A virus (IAV), and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).

Methods
We performed single infections and coinfections with SARS-CoV-2 combined with IAV or RSV in cultures of human bronchial epithelial cells. We combined microscopy with quantification of viral replication in the presence or absence of an innate immune inhibitor to determine changes in virus-induced pathology, virus spread, and virus replication.

Results
SARS-CoV-2 replication is inhibited by both IAV and RSV. This inhibition is dependent on a functional antiviral response and the level of inhibition is proportional to the timing of secondary viral infection.

Conclusions
Infections with other respiratory viruses might provide transient resistance to SARS-CoV-2. It would therefore be expected that the incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may decrease during periods of high circulation of IAV and RSV.
Indole-derived compound SIS3 targets a subset of activated Smad complexes
Authors: Itoh Yuka , Sawaguchi Tomoe , Fu Hao , Omata Chiho , Saitoh Masao , Miyazawa Keiji 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Smad2 and Smad3 are receptor-regulated Smad proteins that transmit signals from cytokines belonging to the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β family, which are vital for adult tissue homeostasis. The overactivation of such proteins often engenders the development of pathological conditions. Smad3 reportedly mediates TGF-β–induced fibrosis. Although various potential Smad3-specific inhibitors are being developed, their specificity and action mechanisms remain largely unknown. This study aimed to establish a biochemical platform to monitor Smad2- or Smad3-dependent TGF-β signaling using SMAD2, SMAD3 and SMAD2/3 knockout cell lines alongside TGF-β–dependent luciferase reporters and Smad mutant proteins. Using this platform, SIS3, an indole-derived compound widely used as a specific Smad3 inhibitor, was observed to preferentially suppress a subset of activated Smad complexes. However, its inhibition did not favor Smad3 signaling over Smad2 signaling. These findings indicate that SIS3 can be employed as a probe to examine the heterogeneous nature of Smad signaling that induces gene expression. However, its use as a Smad3-specific inhibitor should be avoided.
The use of a metaphyseal sleeve total knee replacement as primary treatment for Schaztker VI tibial plateau fracture
Authors: McSorley Matthew , Jabbal Monu , Walmsley Phil 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Traditional treatment of tibial plateau fractures is with open reduction and internal fixation, or external fixation in severely displaced and comminuted fractures. Total joint arthroplasty for unreconstructable hip fractures is a successful and widely accepted treatment; however, such surgery for tibial plateau fractures is not a common practice. We present two cases of highly comminuted schaztker VI tibial plateau fractures in patients over the age of 65. Both patients had a metaphyseal sleeve revision knee arthroplasty as delayed primary treatment. Both patients have had excellent clinical and radiographical results at 6 months and 5 years follow-up, respectively. We present the first description in the literature of this implants use for bone loss as a result of trauma. There is growing evidence that total joint arthroplasty is an effective treatment in tibial plateau fractures, in particular for elderly patients who may be at high risk of failure from internal fixation.
Investigating dynamical properties of globular clusters through a family of lowered isothermal models
Authors: Cheng Chia-Hsuan , Jiang Ing-Guey 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
To investigate the dynamical properties of globular clusters, surface brightness and kinematic data were collected and fitted to a family of lowered isothermal models called limepy models. For the 18 globular clusters studied, the amounts of concentration, truncation, and anisotropy were determined. In addition, the cluster mass, half-mass radius, distance, and mass-to-light ratio were also obtained. In general, limepy models can describe these clusters well. Among these 18 clusters, NGC 5139, 6388, and 7078 have been claimed to be candidates for hosting intermediate-mass black holes in the literature. The models could not appropriately fit the central proper-motion velocity dispersion of NGC 5139, nor the slope of the proper-motion velocity dispersion profile of NGC 6388. Thus, more dedicated models with intermediate-mass black holes or a group of stellar-mass black holes at cluster centres may need to be considered. Regarding NGC 7078, our model with some degree of anisotropy can fit the data. Finally, a strong concentration–truncation anticorrelation and a truncation–semimajor-axis correlation were revealed, which could be the observational imprint of the dynamical evolution of globular clusters.
Forming blue compact dwarf galaxy through mergers
Authors: Chhatkuli Daya Nidhi , Paudel Sanjaya , Bachchan Rajesh Kumar , Aryal Binil , Yoo Jaewon 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTIt has long been speculated that blue compact dwarf galaxies (BCDs) are formed through the interaction between low-mass gas-rich galaxies, but a few candidates of such systems have been studied in detail. We study a sample of compact star-forming dwarf galaxies that are selected from a merging dwarf galaxy catalog. We present a detailed study of their spectroscopic and structural properties. We find that these BCDs looking galaxies host extended stellar shells and thus are confirmed to be a dwarf--dwarf merger. Their stellar masses range between 8 × 107 M ⊙ and 2 × 109 M ⊙. Although the extended tail and shell are prominent in the deep optical images, the overall major axis light profile is well modeled with a two-component Sérsic function of inner compact and extended outer radii. We calculate the inner and outer component stellar-mass ratio using the two-component modeling. We find an average ratio of 4:1 (with a range of 10:1 to 2:1) for our sample, indicating that the central component dominates the stellar mass with an ongoing burst of star formation. From the measurement of Hα equivalent width, we derived the star-formation ages of these galaxies. The derived star-formation ages of these galaxies turn out to be in the order of a few 10 Myr, suggesting the recent ignition of star formation due to events of satellite interaction.
NS-HGlio: A generalizable and repeatable HGG segmentation and volumetric measurement AI algorithm for the longitudinal MRI assessment to inform RANO in trials and clinics
Authors: Abayazeed Aly H , Abbassy Ahmed , Müeller Michael , Hill Michael , Qayati Mohamed , Mohamed Shady , Mekhaimar Mahmoud , Raymond Catalina , Dubey Prachi , Nael Kambiz , Rohatgi Saurabh , Kapare Vaishali , Kulkarni Ashwini , Shiang Tina , Kumar Atul , Andratschke Nicolaus , Willmann Jonas , Brawanski Alexander , De Jesus Reordan , Tuna Ibrahim , Fung Steve H , Landolfi Joseph C , Ellingson Benjamin M , Reyes Mauricio 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Accurate and repeatable measurement of high-grade glioma (HGG) enhancing (Enh.) and T2/FLAIR hyperintensity/edema (Ed.) is required for monitoring treatment response. 3D measurements can be used to inform the modified Response Assessment in Neuro-oncology criteria. We aim to develop an HGG volumetric measurement and visualization AI algorithm that is generalizable and repeatable.

Methods
A single 3D-Convoluted Neural Network, NS-HGlio, to analyze HGG on MRIs using 5-fold cross validation was developed using retrospective (557 MRIs), multicentre (38 sites) and multivendor (32 scanners) dataset divided into training (70%), validation (20%), and testing (10%). Six neuroradiologists created the ground truth (GT). Additional Internal validation (IV, three institutions) using 70 MRIs, and External validation (EV, single institution) using 40 MRIs through measuring the Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) of Enh., Ed. ,and Enh. + Ed. (WholeLesion/WL) tumor tissue and repeatability testing on 14 subjects from the TCIA MGH-QIN-GBM dataset using volume correlations between timepoints were performed.

Results
IV Preoperative median DSC Enh. 0.89 (SD 0.11), Ed. 0.88 (0.28), WL 0.88 (0.11). EV Preoperative median DSC Enh. 0.82 (0.09), Ed. 0.83 (0.11), WL 0.86 (0.06). IV Postoperative median DSC Enh. 0.77 (SD 0.20), Ed 0.78. (SD 0.09), WL 0.78 (SD 0.11). EV Postoperative median DSC Enh. 0.75 (0.21), Ed 0.74 (0.12), WL 0.79 (0.07). Repeatability testing; Intraclass Correlation Coefficient of 0.95 Enh. and 0.92 Ed.

Conclusion
NS-HGlio is accurate, repeatable, and generalizable. The output can be used for visualization, documentation, treatment response monitoring, radiation planning, intra-operative targeting, and estimation of Residual Tumor Volume among others.