bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blood cell traits and risk of glaucoma: A two-sample mendelian randomization study
Authors: Song De-Juan , Fan Bin , Li Guang-Yu 
Published: April 2023

Importance: Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness in the world. The causal direction and magnitude of the association between blood cell traits and glaucoma is uncertain because of the susceptibility of observational studies to confounding and reverse causation.Objective: To explore whether there is a causal relationship of blood cell traits including white blood cell (WBC) count (WBCC) and its subtypes [basophil cell count (BASO), monocyte cell count (MONO), lymphocyte cell count (LYMPH), eosinophil cell count (EOS), neutrophil cell count (NEUT)], red blood cell (RBC) count (RBCC), red blood distribution width (RDW), platelet count (PLT), and plateletcrit (PCT) on glaucoma risk.Methods: A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted. Genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from published genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on human blood cell traits were utilized as exposure instruments and the dataset for outcome was from the GWAS summary data of glaucoma. In the univariable MR analysis, we examined the association between genetic evidence of blood cell traits and glaucoma. To further investigate the potential causal mechanisms underlying the observed association, we performed multivariable MR analysis with three models, taking into account the mediator effect of inflammation and oxidative stress. According to Bonferroni-corrected for the 10 exposures in 3 methods, the MR study yielded a statistically significant p-value of 0.0017.Results: Genetically BASO, PCT, LYMPH, and PLT were potentially positively associated with glaucoma in the European ancestry [BASO: Odds ratio (OR) = 1.00122, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.00003–1.00242, p = 0.045; PCT: OR = 1.00078, 95% CI, 1.00012–1.00143, p = 0.019; LYMPH: OR = 1.00076, 95% CI, 1.00002–1.00151, p = 0.045; PLT: OR = 1.00065, 95% CI, 1.00006–1.00123, p = 0.030], There was insufficient evidence to support a causal association of MONO, NEUT, EOS, WBCC, RBCC and RDW (MONO: OR = 1.00050, p = 0.098; NEUT: OR = 1.00028, p = 0.524; EOS: OR = 1.00020, p = 0.562; WBCC: OR = 1.00008, p = 0.830; RBCC: OR = 0.99996, p = 0.920; RDW: OR = 0.99987, p = 0.734) with glaucoma. The multivariable MR with model 1, 2, and 3 demonstrated that BASO, PCT, LYMPH, and PLT were still potentially genetically associated with the risk of glaucoma.Conclusion: Our study reveals a genetic predisposition to higher LYMPH, BASO, PLT, and PCT are associated with a higher risk of glaucoma, whereas WBCC, MONO, EOS, NEUT, RBCC, and RDW are not associated with the occurrence of glaucoma. This finding also supports previous observational studies associating immune components with glaucoma, thus provide guidance on the predication and prevention for glaucoma.
Immunization with nanovaccines containing mutated K-Ras peptides and imiquimod aggravates heterotopic pancreatic cancer induced in mice
Authors: Martínez-Pérez Amparo , Diego-González Lara , Vilanova Manuel , Correia Alexandra , Simón-Vázquez Rosana , González-Fernández África 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThe growing incidence and lethality of pancreatic cancer urges the development of new therapeutic approaches. Anti-tumoral vaccines can potentiate the immune response against the tumor, targeting specific antigens expressed only on tumor cells. In this work, we designed new vaccines for pancreatic cancer, composed by chitosan nanocapsules (CS NCs) containing imiquimod (IMQ) as adjuvant, and targeting the K-Ras mutation G12V.Experimental designWe tested the immunogenicity of our vaccines in mice, carrying different combinations of K-Ras mutated peptides. Then, we analyzed their prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy in mice bearing heterotopic pancreatic cancer.ResultsUnexpectedly, although good results were observed at short time points, the different combinations of our CS NCs vaccines seemed to potentiate tumor growth and reduce survival rate. We propose that this effect could be due to an inadequate immune response, partially because of the induction of a regulatory tolerogenic response.ConclusionOur results call for caution in the use of some NCs containing IMQ in the immunotherapy against pancreatic cancer.
Thieno[3,2-b]thiophene and triphenylamine-based hole transport materials for perovskite solar cells
Authors: Isci Recep , Unal Melis , Yesil Tamer , Ekici Alper , Sütay Berkay , Zafer Ceylan , Ozturk Turan 
Published: April 2023

Heterocyclic compounds have played significant roles in achieving high performance as hole transport materials (HTMs) for perovskite solar cell (PSC) applications. Various studies have focused on the development of fused heterocyclic conjugated structures for hole transport materials. In this report, three novel π-extended conjugated materials (M1-M3), based on thieno[3,2-b]thiophene (TT) and 4,4′-dimethoxytriphenylamine [TPA(OMe)2], were designed and successfully synthesized via Palladium (0) catalyzed Suzuki coupling reaction. Their optical, electrochemical, and thermal properties were investigated by UV-Vis, fluorescence, cyclic voltammetry, and thermal analysis. The materials were utilized as hole transport materials in p-i-n architecture perovskite solar cells, which displayed performances of open-circuit voltage (Voc) as high as 1,050 mV, a maximum short-circuit current (Jsc) of 16,9 mA/cm2, a maximum fill factor (FF) of 29.3%, and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.20%. This work demonstrated that thieno[3,2-b]thiophene and TPA(OMe)2-based structures are promising cores for high-performance hole transport materials in perovskite solar cell architecture.
Polycladia myrica-based delivery of selenium nanoparticles in combination with radiotherapy induces potent in vitro antiviral and in vivo anticancer activities against Ehrlich ascites tumor
Authors: Abo-Neima Sahar E. , Ahmed Abdelhamid A. , El-Sheekh Mostafa , Makhlof Mofida E. M. 
Published: April 2023

Background: Over the last few decades, nanotechnology has entered daily life through various applications, therefore, there has been a trend toward developing new approaches to green-mediated nanotechnology that encourage nanomaterial formation through biological methods such as plants or microorganisms. Algae have gained increasing attention from nanotechnology scientists and have paved the way for the emergence of “algae nanotechnology” as a promising field.Methods: Via using the aqueous extract of the brown alga Polycladia myrica, selenium nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized by using seven instruments: SEM, TEM, UV spectra, Zeta potential, EDX, X-ray diffraction, and FTIR. P. myrica selenium nanoparticles (PoSeNPs) were then examined for their antiviral activity against HSV-1 (Herpes simplex I) and anticancer against human colon cancer cell line (HCT-116) in vitro and in vivo alone and in combination with laser therapy of power 2 mW against Ehrlich carcinoma (EAC).Results: PoSeNPs ranging between 17.48 nm and 23.01 nm in size, and EDX revealed the selenium mass and its atoms as 0.46% ± 0.07% and 0.08% ± 0.01% respectively. Their anticancer potentiality in vitro was with maximum inhibitions of 80.57% and 73% and IC50 = 14.86 μg/mL and 50 mg/mL against HCT-116 and EAC cell lines respectively, while their in vivo alone and in combination with laser therapy of power 2 mW showed a potent therapy effect against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC).Conclusion: This study concluded that PoSeNPs do not have a toxic effect; they exhibit high effectiveness as a photothermal agent for cancer therapy, with promising applications in future biomedical fields. The combined therapy showed a significant decrease in tumor volume, massive tumor cell necrosis, shrinking, and disappearance. It also showed improvement in liver TEM, histology, kidney function: urea and creatinine, and liver enzymes: ALT, and AST.
Ginseng intake and Alzheimer disease-specific cognition in older adults according to apolipoprotein ε4 allele status
Authors: Lee Boung Chul , Choe Young Min , Suh Guk-Hee , Choi Ihn-Geun , Kim Hyun Soo , Hwang Jaeuk , Yi Dahyun , Jhoo Jin Hyeong , Kim Jee Wook 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundThe probable association among ginseng intake, Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-specific cognition, and apolipoprotein ε4 (APOE4) remains poorly investigated. Hence, we examined the association between ginseng intake and AD-specific cognition in older adults under the moderating effect of APOE4 status.MethodsThis study enrolled 160 adults aged 65–90 years without dementia. All participants underwent comprehensive dietary and clinical assessments including ginseng intake, AD-related cognition (i.e., delayed episodic memory, as the earliest cognitive change in AD), and non-memory cognition for comparative purposes.ResultsGinseng intake was associated with higher delayed episodic memory, but not non-memory cognition, compared to no ginseng intake. The interaction between ginseng intake and APOE4 status had a significant effect on delayed episodic memory. Subgroup analyses showed that ginseng intake was associated with higher delayed episodic memory in the APOE4-negative but not the APOE4-positive subgroup. The benefits of ginseng intake on delayed episodic memory were prominent in the high duration (≥5 years) and midlife onset (&lt;65 years) groups.ConclusionOur study of older adults with no dementia suggests that ginseng intake (with high duration and midlife onset) had a beneficial effect on AD-specific cognitive decline, i.e., the delayed episodic memory. In addition, APOE4 status moderates the association between ginseng intake status and AD-specific cognitive decline.
The longitudinal progression of autonomic dysfunction in Parkinson's disease: A 7-year study
Authors: Stewart Charlotte B. , Ledingham David , Foster Victoria K. , Anderson Kirstie N. , Sathyanarayana Sahana , Galley Debra , Pavese Nicola , Pasquini Jacopo 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundAutonomic dysfunction, including gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and urinary dysfunction, is often present in early Parkinson's Disease (PD). However, the knowledge of the longitudinal progression of these symptoms, and the connection between different autonomic domains, is limited. Furthermore, the relationship between the presence of autonomic symptoms in early-stage PD and olfactory dysfunction, a possible marker of central nervous system involvement, has not been fully investigated.ObjectivesWe aimed to investigate the occurrence and progression of autonomic dysfunction in recently diagnosed (&lt; 2 years) untreated PD patients and determine any coexistence of symptoms in individual patients. We also investigated the relationship between autonomic symptoms, olfactory dysfunction, and motor impairment.MethodsData were obtained from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) database. Autonomic dysfunction was measured using the Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson's Disease (SCOPA-AUT). Symptom frequency and mean scores over 7 years were determined. The simultaneous occurrence of different autonomic symptoms was also examined. Finally, the relationships between SCOPA-AUT scores, olfactory dysfunction, and motor impairment were investigated using the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) and the Movement Disorder Society—Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS), respectively.ResultsFollow-up data were available for 7 years for 171 PD patients and for 5 years for 136 HCs. Mean SCOPA-AUT score increased significantly from baseline to the 7-year follow-up for each autonomic domain, except for female sexual dysfunction. Most patients reported three or more autonomic symptoms. Common clusters of symptoms were composed of combinations of gastrointestinal, urinary, thermoregulatory, and sexual dysfunction. At baseline, greater SCOPA-AUT total score was associated with lower UPSIT scores (r = −0.209, p = 0.006) and with greater total MDS-UDPRS III score (r = 0.218, p = 0.004).ConclusionsAutonomic dysfunction, often with coexistence of autonomic manifestations, is common in early PD and progressively worsens over the first 7 years of disease, suggesting that these symptoms should be addressed with appropriate treatments early in the disease. The association between greater autonomic dysfunction and greater olfactory impairment, coupled with the association with more severe motor scores at baseline, indicates that patients who show more severe autonomic dysfunction could also have more severe involvement of the central nervous system at the time of diagnosis.
Self-processing in coma, unresponsive wakefulness syndrome and minimally conscious state
Authors: Ferré Fabrice , Heine Lizette , Naboulsi Edouard , Gobert Florent , Beaudoin-Gobert Maude , Dailler Frédéric , Buffières William , Corneyllie Alexandra , Sarton Benjamine , Riu Béatrice , Luauté Jacques , Silva Stein , Perrin Fabien 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionBehavioral and cerebral dissociation has been now clearly established in some patients with acquired disorders of consciousness (DoC). Altogether, these studies mainly focused on the preservation of high-level cognitive markers in prolonged DoC, but did not specifically investigate lower but key-cognitive functions to consciousness emergence, such as the ability to take a first-person perspective, notably at the acute stage of coma. We made the hypothesis that the preservation of self-recognition (i) is independent of the behavioral impairment of consciousness, and (ii) can reflect the ability to recover consciousness.MethodsHence, using bedside Electroencephalography (EEG) recordings, we acquired, in a large cohort of 129 severely brain damaged patients, the brain response to the passive listening of the subject’s own name (SON) and unfamiliar other first names (OFN). One hundred and twelve of them (mean age ± SD = 46 ± 18.3 years, sex ratio M/F: 71/41) could be analyzed for the detection of an individual and significant discriminative P3 event-related brain response to the SON as compared to OFN (‘SON effect’, primary endpoint assessed by temporal clustering permutation tests).ResultsPatients were either coma (n = 38), unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS, n = 30) or minimally conscious state (MCS, n = 44), according to the revised version of the Coma Recovery Scale (CRS-R). Overall, 33 DoC patients (29%) evoked a ‘SON effect’. This electrophysiological index was similar between coma (29%), MCS (23%) and UWS (34%) patients (p = 0.61). MCS patients at the time of enrolment were more likely to emerged from MCS (EMCS) at 6 months than coma and UWS patients (p = 0.013 for comparison between groups). Among the 72 survivors’ patients with event-related responses recorded within 3 months after brain injury, 75% of the 16 patients with a SON effect were EMCS at 6 months, while 59% of the 56 patients without a SON effect evolved to this favorable behavioral outcome.DiscussionAbout 30% of severely brain-damaged patients suffering from DoC are capable to process salient self-referential auditory stimuli, even in case of absence of behavioral detection of self-conscious processing. We suggest that self-recognition covert brain ability could be an index of consciousness recovery, and thus could help to predict good outcome.
Association of heartbeat complexity with survival in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients
Authors: Wu Shuang , Li Guangqiao , Chen Man , Zhang Sai , Zhou Yufu , Shi Bo , Zhang Xiaochun 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundPrevious studies have shown that the predictive value of traditional linear (time domain and frequency domain) heart rate variability (HRV) for the survival of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is controversial. Nonlinear methods, based on the concept of complexity, have been used to evaluate HRV, providing a new means to reveal the physiological and pathological changes in HRV. This study aimed to assess the association between heartbeat complexity and overall survival in patients with advanced NSCLC.MethodsThis study included 78 patients with advanced NSCLC (mean age: 62.0 ± 9.3 years). A 5-min resting electrocardiogram of advanced NSCLC patients was collected to analyze the following HRV parameters: time domain indicators, i.e., standard deviation of the normal-normal intervals (SDNN) and root mean square of successive interval differences (RMSSD); frequency domain indicators, i.e., total power (TP), low frequency power (LF), high frequency power (HF), and the ratio of LF to HF (LF/HF); nonlinear HRV indicators characterizing heartbeat complexity, i.e., approximate entropy (ApEn), sample entropy (SampEn), and recurrence quantification analysis (RQA) indexes: mean diagonal line length (Lmean), maximal diagonal line length (Lmax), recurrence rate (REC), determinism (DET), and shannon entropy (ShanEn).ResultsUnivariate analysis revealed that the linear frequency domain parameter HF and nonlinear RQA parameters Lmax, REC, and DET were significantly correlated with the survival of advanced NSCLC patients (all p &lt; 0.05). After adjusting for confounders in the multivariate analysis, HF, REC, and DET were found to be independent prognostic factors for the survival of patients with advanced NSCLC (all p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThere was an independent association between heartbeat complexity and survival in advanced NSCLC patients. The nonlinear analysis method based on RQA may provide valuable additional information for the prognostic stratification of patients with advanced NSCLC and may supplement the traditional time domain and frequency domain analysis methods.
The Role of Lymph Node Dissection for Non-Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Shi Xu , Feng Dechao , Li Dengxiong , Zhang Facai , Wei Wuran 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionTo compare the survival benefit of nephrectomy with or without lymph node dissection (LND) for non-metastatic, especially for high-risk renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients by investigating different survival evaluation indicators.Evidence AcquisitionEligible studies were identified until September 2021, through common databases including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) on RCC and LND without language restriction. Data analysis was performed through Stata software, version 16.0 (Stata Corp., College Station, TX, USA).Evidence Synthesis22 articles were included in this meta-analysis. For non-metastatic RCC, performing LND comitantly with nephrectomy did not change the overall survival (OS) of patients of all T stages [hazard ratio (HR)=1.10, 95%CI: 0.95-1.27] and also for T2+NxM0 patients (HR=0.88, 95%CI: 0.68-1.14) as well as for T3+NxM0 patients (HR=0.95, 95%CI: 0.61-1.50). At the same time, cumulative meta-analysis has shown that the survival benefit of LND has a significant declining trend since 1979. However, it is worth noting that the operation of LND presented as a risk factor for cancer specific survival (CSS) (HR=1.22, 95%CI: 1.05-1.43).ConclusionsLatest evidence indicated that LND might not be suitable for all non-metastatic RCC patients, especially in the current situation of various non-invasive examinations for judging lymph node metastasis and adjuvant treatments. On the contrary, excess LND could damage the survival of patients.Systematic Review RegistrationThis study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42021271124.
Correlation between gene mutation status and clinicopathologic features in early multiple primary lung cancer
Authors: Teng Fei , Xu Jian , Wang Jian , Yang Bo , Wu Yong-Zhong , Jiang Yue-Quan , Wang Zhi-Qiang 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveTo understand the characteristics of genetic mutation in multiple primary lung cancer so as to guide clinical decisions in targeted therapy.MethodsWe analyzed a total of 265 tumors from 111 patients who underwent surgery for multiple lung cancers. Individual tumors were subjected to histological evaluation and gene mutation analysis using ABI 7500 Fluorescence quantitative PCR.ResultsIn this study, we analyzed demographic and clinical parameters such as age, gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, pathological type, number of nodules, and other details of 111 patients with early multiple primary lung cancer. We also compared the clinicopathologic characteristics of different populations based on the gene mutation status of pulmonary nodules. Subsequently, we performed a clinicopathological analysis of all 265 pulmonary nodules from these patients. Results showed significant differences in clinicopathological features of pulmonary nodules in different genetic mutations.ConclusionThis study revealed the gene mutation characteristics and clinicopathological features in early multiple primary lung cancer. We found that the gene mutation status between different nodules in patients with early multiple primary lung cancer was inconsistent in most cases. Therefore, the use of targeted therapy based on the genetic sequencing of only one nodule, is unreliable. We hope this study can be helpful in guiding clinical treatment decisions.
Intraoperative and postoperative short-term outcomes of intracorporeal anastomosis versus extracorporeal anastomosis in laparoscopic right hemicolectomy
Authors: Zhou Yuhang , Zhou Yuchen , Wang Chuandong , Ye Rong , Lin Xiaojun , Tan Song , Chen Weijie , Mi Yulong , Yang Changshun , Lin Shengtao , Li Weihua 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundIntracorporeal anastomosis (IA) is a difficult but popular anastomotic approach for reconstruction of digestive tract after laparoscopic right hemicolectomy, which may reduce some limitations faced during extracorporeal anastomosis (EA).MethodsA retrospective review of 78 patients who underwent laparoscopic right hemicolectomy by a veteran surgeon in a high-volume public tertiary hospital, including 50 patients with IA and 28 patients with EA. The intraoperative-related factors and short-term results of the two anastomotic approaches were compared.ResultsThere was no significant difference in demographics and clinical characteristics between the two groups (P&gt;0.05). The intraoperative blood loss was less (P=0.010) and the incision length was shorter (P&lt;0.001) in the intracorporeal group. Postoperative farting time was faster (P=0.005) and postoperative pain score (VAS) was lower (P&lt;0.001) in IA group. Although the anastomotic time of IA was shorter (P&lt;0.001), the operative time of the two groups were similar. And number of lymph nodes harvested, NLR from POD1 to POD3, postoperative hospital stay and overall hospital stay between the two groups were comparable. Except for significant difference in abdominal infection rate, the Clavien-Dindo classification and the incidence of other postoperative complications were not statistically different. Moreover, the morbidity of abdominal infection decreased with time in the IA group (P=0.040).ConclusionIA is a reliable and feasible procedure, which has faster anastomotic time, earlier return of bowel function and superior postoperative comfort of patient, compared to EA. The postoperative complication rate of IA is similar to that of EA, and may be improved with the IA technical maturity of surgeons, which potentially contributes to the development of ERAS.