bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with higher quality of clinical practice guidelines and their recommendations for the pharmacological treatment of depression: a systematic review
Authors: Gabriel Franciele Cordeiro , de Melo Daniela Oliveira , Stein Airton Tetelbom , Fontes-Mota Géssica Caroline Henrique , dos Santos Itamires Benício , Rodrigues Camila da Silva , Rodrigues Mônica Cristiane , Ribeiro Tatiane Bomfim , Fráguas Renério , Florez Ivan D , Telles-Correia Diogo , Ribeiro Eliane 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to assess the quality of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for the pharmacological treatment of depression along with their recommendations and factors associated with higher quality.DesignWe conducted a systematic review that included CPGs for the pharmacological treatment of depression in adults.Data sourcesWe searched for publications from 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2021, in MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Embase, PsycINFO, BVS and 12 other databases and guideline repositories.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesWe included CPGs containing recommendations for the pharmacological treatment of depression in adults at outpatient care setting, regardless of whether it met the U.S. National Academy of Medicine criteria, or not. If a CPG included recommendations for both children and adults, they were considered. No language restriction was applied.Data extraction and synthesisData extraction was also conducted independently and in duplicate, a process that was validated in a previous project. The quality of the CPGs and their recommendations were assessed by three independent reviewers using Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE II) and Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation-Recommendations Excellence (AGREE-REX). A CPG was considered to be of high quality if AGREE II Domain 3 was ≥60%; while their recommendations were considered high if AGREE-REX Domain 1 was ≥60%.ResultsSeventeen out of 63 (27%) CPGs were classified as high quality, while 7 (11.1%) had high-quality recommendations. The factors associated with higher-scoring CPGs and recommendations in the multiple linear regression analyses were ‘Handling of conflicts of interest’, ‘Multiprofessional team’ and ‘Type of institution’. ‘Inclusion of patient representative in the team’ was also associated with higher-quality recommendations.ConclusionsThe involvement of professionals from diverse backgrounds, the handling of conflicts of interest, and the inclusion of patients’ perspectives should be prioritised by developers aiming for high-quality CPGs for the treatment of depression.
Temporal validation of a multivariable surgical mortality prediction model (NZRisk): a New Zealand national cohort study
Authors: Boyle Luke , Seretny Marta , Lumley Thomas , Campbell Doug 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesClinical risk calculators (CRCs), such as NZRisk, are used daily by clinicians to guide clinical decisions and explain individual risk to patients. The utility and robustness of these tools depends on the methods used to create the underlying mathematical model, as well as the stability of that model in relation to changing clinical practice and patient populations over time. The later should be checked by temporal validation using external data. Few if any of the clinical prediction models in current clinical use have published temporal validation. Here, we use a large external dataset to temporally validate NZRisk; a perioperative risk prediction model used in the New Zealand population.MethodsA sample of 1 976 362 adult non-cardiac surgical procedures collected over 15 years from the New Zealand Ministry of Health National Minimum Dataset, was used to temporally validate NZRisk. We divided the dataset into 15 single year cohorts and compared 13 of these to our NZRisk model (2 years used for the model building were excluded). We compared the area under the curve (AUC) value, calibration slope and intercept for each single year cohort, to the same values produced by the data used to create NZRisk, by fitting a random effects meta-regression with each year cohort acting as a separate study point. In addition, we used two-sided t-tests to compare each measure across the cohorts.ResultsThe AUC values for the 30-day NZRisk model applied to our single year cohorts ranged from 0.918 to 0.940 (NZRisk AUC was 0.921). There were eight statistically different AUC values for the following years 2007–2009, 2016 and 2018–2021. The intercept values ranged from −0.004 to 0.007 and 7 years had statistically significant different intercepts during leave-one-out t-tests; 2007–2010, 2012, 2018 and 2021. The slope values ranged from 0.72 to 1.12 and 7 years had statistically significant different slopes during leave-one-out t-tests; 2010, 2011, 2017, 2018 and 2019–2021. The random effects meta-regression upheld our results related to AUC (0.54 (95% CI 0.40 to 0.99), I267.57 (95% CI 40.67 to 88.50), Cochran’s Q<0.001) and slope (τ 0.14 (95% CI 0.01 to 0.23), I298.61 (95% CI 97.31 to 99.50), Cochran’s Q<0.001) between year difference.ConclusionThe NZRisk model shows differences in AUC and slope but not intercept values over time. The biggest differences were in the calibration slope. The models maintained excellent discrimination over time as shown by the AUC values. These findings suggest we update our model in the next 5 years. To our knowledge, this is the first temporal validation of a CRC in current use.
Anticancer activity of sinapic acid by inducing apoptosis in HT-29 human colon cancer cell line
Authors: Taştemur Şeyma , Hacısüleyman Levent , Karataş Özhan , Yulak Fatih , Ataseven Hilmi 
Published: March 2023

Colorectal cancer is the third most lethal and fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide. Sinapic acid, a derivative of hydroxycinnamic acid, is a promising phytochemical exhibiting numerous pharmacological activities in various systems. It is a substantial chain-breaking antioxidant that operates as a radical scavenger. The aim of this research was to investigate the antiproliferative effect of sinapic acid on the HT-29 cell line besides the mechanisms underlying this activity. The effect of sinapic acid on the viability of HT-29 cell line was investigated using XTT assay. The levels of BCL-2, cleaved caspase 3, BAX, cleaved PARP, and 8-oxo-dG were measured using ELISA. Gamma-H2AX and cytochrome c expressions were assessed semiquantitatively using immunofluorescence staining. Sinapic acid at 200 µm and higher doses produced a significant antiproliferative effect on HT-29 cells. The IC50 value was found to be 317.5 µm for 24 h. Sinapic acid (317.5 µm) significantly elevated cleaved caspase 3, BAX, cleaved PARP, and 8-oxo-dG levels. The levels of gamma-H2AX foci are significantly higher, while the levels of cytochrome c are lower in sinapic acid-treated HT-29 cells. These results indicate that sinapic acid has antiproliferative, apoptotic, and genotoxic effects on colon cancer cells.
On ϕ-(weak) global dimension
Authors: El Haddaoui Younes , Mahdou Najib 
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we will introduce and study the homological dimensions defined in the context of commutative rings with prime nilradical. So all rings considered in this paper are commutative with identity and with prime nilradical. We will introduce a new class of modules which are called [Formula: see text]-u-projective which generalizes the projectivity in the classical case and which is different from those introduced by the authors of [Y. Pu, M. Wang and W. Zhao, On nonnil-commutative diagrams and nonnil-projective modules, Commun. Algebra, doi:10.1080/00927872.2021.2021223; W. Zhao, On [Formula: see text]-exact sequence and [Formula: see text]-projective module, J. Korean Math. 58(6) (2021) 1513–1528]. Using the notion of [Formula: see text]-flatness introduced and studied by the authors of [G. H. Tang, F. G. Wang and W. Zhao, On [Formula: see text]-Von Neumann regular rings, J. Korean Math. Soc. 50(1) (2013) 219–229] and the nonnil-injectivity studied by the authors of [W. Qi and X. L. Zhang, Some Remarks on [Formula: see text]-Dedekind rings and [Formula: see text]-Prüfer rings, preprint (2022), arXiv:2103.08278v2 [math.AC]; X. Y. Yang, Generalized Noetherian Property of Rings and Modules (Northwest Normal University Library, Lanzhou, 2006); X. L. Zhang, Strongly [Formula: see text]-flat modules, strongly nonnil-injective modules and their homological dimensions, preprint (2022), https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.14681; X. L. Zhang and W. Zhao, On Nonnil-injective modules, J. Sichuan Normal Univ. 42(6) (2009) 808–815; W. Zhao, Homological theory over NP-rings and its applications (Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 2013)], we will introduce the [Formula: see text]-injective dimension, [Formula: see text]-projective dimension and [Formula: see text]-flat dimension for modules, and also the [Formula: see text]-(weak) global dimension of rings. Then, using these dimensions, we characterize several [Formula: see text]-rings ([Formula: see text]-Prüfer, [Formula: see text]-chained, [Formula: see text]-von Neumann, etc). Finally, we study the [Formula: see text]-(weak) global dimension of the trivial ring extensions defined by some conditions.
The 2023 Pazarcık (Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye) earthquake (M
w
7.7): implications for surface rupture dynamics along the East Anatolian Fault Zone
Authors: Karabacak Volkan , Özkaymak Çağlar , Sözbilir Hasan , Tatar Orhan , Aktuğ Bahadır , Özdağ Özkan Cevdet , Çakir Recep , Aksoy Ercan , Koçbulut Fikret , Softa Mustafa , Akgün Elif , Demir Ahmet , Arslan Gökhan 
Published: March 2023

Southern Türkiye faced widespread catastrophic destruction by two devastating earthquakes on the same day. As the earthquakes occurred at 04:17 (M
w
= 7.7, Pazarcık, Kahramanmaraş) and 12:30 (M
w
= 7.6, Elbistan, Kahramanmaraş) on 6 February 2023, neighbouring active fault systems were broken in succession between the Hatay and Malatya provinces in the region. The first earthquake, one of the largest earthquakes in this region during the last century, caused major fatalities and widespread damage to infrastructure and buildings, and produced large-scale seismo-gravitational surface deformation such as landslides, lateral spreading, liquefaction and extensional cracks. Here, we present the surface rupture geometry and coseismic displacement characteristics of the fault systems, determined by field observations immediately after the 6 February 2023 Pazarcık (Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye) earthquake (M
w
= 7.7). Preliminary results show that the total rupture length (
L
max
) is 270 ± 10 km on the Karasu, Pazarcık and Erkenek segments of the East Anatolian Fault Zone. Left-lateral strike-slip faulting developed with a maximum horizontal displacement (
D
max
) of 7.30 m and an average displacement (
D
avg
) of 3.00 m. Although the surface rupture generally exhibits a narrow deformation zone width of 2–5 m, this expands to 50 m in some sections of the faults. The implications for rupture dynamics suggest that fracture development started on a secondary fault (Narlı Fault), transferred to the main fault and triggered the breaking of asperities on the Pazarcık segment, which exhibits a long period of accumulation of stress, to initiate the major rupturing.

Supplementary material:
Figures S1–S12 with details on coseismic displacement are available at
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.6487245
Evolution of the neoarchean Kola alkaline granites, northeastern Fennoscandian Shield: insights from SHRIMP-II titanite and zircon U–Pb isotope and rare earth elements data
Authors: Arzamastsev Andrei A. , Belyatsky Boris V. , Rodionov Nickolay V. , Antonov Anton V. , Lepekhina Elena N. , Sergeev Sergei A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

An U–Pb isotopic investigation combined with rare earth element data for titanites, zircons and coexisting accessories has been undertaken to gain insight into the formation of the Archean peralkaline granites of the northeastern Fennoscandian Shield and to test the stability of titanite during metamorphic and hydrothermal processes. The obtained set of isotope data shows that whereas more stable zircon retains a memory of the major episodes of granite evolution, the coexisting titanite provides additional information on crystallization, subsequent growth, cooling and alteration of the plutonic complexes. In addition to titanites formed at the magmatic stages of
c.
2710 and
c.
2650 Ma, the peralkaline granites contain titanite populations which have undergone major resetting at
c.
1870 Ma during the burial metamorphism related to the Svecofennian orogeny and the 1760 Ma hydrothermal alteration near contemporaneous with regional metamorphism of
c.
1780 Ma. The peralkaline granites which contain
c.
2710 Ma titanites also include inherited titanite grains of an age of 2795 Ma. These data support the concept that the titanite can remain a closed system to Pb diffusion at temperatures of peralkaline granite melt (<800°C) as long as the crystals escape magmatic or metamorphic recrystallization.
Growth and evolution of the lava dome and coulée during the 2020–21 eruption of La Soufrière, St Vincent
Authors: Stinton Adam J. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

The 2020–21 eruption of La Soufrière, St Vincent consisted of two distinct phases. The initial, effusive phase was characterized by the extrusion of a small lava dome inside the 1.5 km wide Summit Crater, and was followed by a violent explosive phase. Growth and evolution of the lava dome was monitored by visual observations and photogrammetry using imagery acquired from fixed-wing aircraft, helicopters and consumer-grade unmanned aerial vehicles. Additional monitoring was provided by satellite multispectral and radar imagery. Following the emergence of lava at the surface on 27 December 2020, volume and growth rate calculations showed the extrusion occurred at a steady rate of
c
. 1.8 m
3
s
−1
and
c
. 16–19 × 10
6
m
3
of lava was extruded. The initial near-perfect hemispherical dome transitioned into a dome with a more elliptical footprint, eventually, evolving into a coulée-like feature with two lobes. The dome was destroyed by the onset of explosive activity on 9 April 2021.
FN (Fibronectin)-Integrin α5 Signaling Promotes Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm in a Mouse Model of Marfan Syndrome
Authors: Chen Minghao , Cavinato Cristina , Hansen Jens , Tanaka Keiichiro , Ren Pengwei , Hassab Abdulrahman , Li David S. , Youshao Eric , Tellides George , Iyengar Ravi , Humphrey Jay D. , Schwartz Martin A. 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Marfan syndrome, caused by mutations in the gene for fibrillin-1, leads to thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs). Phenotypic modulation of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and ECM (extracellular matrix) remodeling are characteristic of both nonsyndromic and Marfan aneurysms. The ECM protein FN (fibronectin) is elevated in the tunica media of TAAs and amplifies inflammatory signaling in endothelial and SMCs through its main receptor, integrin α5β1. We investigated the role of integrin α5-specific signals in Marfan mice in which the cytoplasmic domain of integrin α5 was replaced with that of integrin α2 (denoted α5/2 chimera).

Methods:

We crossed α5/2 chimeric mice with

Fbn1
mgR/mgR

mice (mgR model of Marfan syndrome) to evaluate the survival rate and pathogenesis of TAAs among wild-type, α5/2, mgR, and α5/2 mgR mice. Further biochemical and microscopic analysis of porcine and mouse aortic SMCs investigated molecular mechanisms by which FN affects SMCs and subsequent development of TAAs.

Results:
FN was elevated in the thoracic aortas from Marfan patients, in nonsyndromic aneurysms, and in mgR mice. The α5/2 mutation greatly prolonged survival of Marfan mice, with improved elastic fiber integrity, mechanical properties, SMC density, and SMC contractile gene expression. Furthermore, plating of wild-type SMCs on FN decreased contractile gene expression and activated inflammatory pathways whereas α5/2 SMCs were resistant. These effects correlated with increased NF-kB activation in cultured SMCs and mgR aortas, which was alleviated by the α5/2 mutation or NF-kB inhibition.

Conclusions:
FN-integrin α5 signaling is a significant driver of TAA in the mgR mouse model. This pathway thus warrants further investigation as a therapeutic target.
New Evidence for Women’s Labor Participation and Occupational Structure in Northwest Spain, 1877–1930
Authors: Muñoz Abeledo Luisa , Verdugo Matés Rosa 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The traditional historical analysis of the occupational structure in Spain is flawed, based on incomplete and inaccurate census data; the consequence is an underestimation of women’s work. Census data can be corrected with interdisciplinary methodologies that make use of literature and art, as well as ethnographic, legal, and sociological studies. Applied to Galicia (an agrarian and fishing region in northwest Spain), these methods reveal a more accurate, and significantly higher, estimation of women’s participation in the primary industries (agriculture, retail trade, fishing, and seafood processing) between 1877 and 1930.
Breath of Light: Reclaiming Shared Breathing Through a Meditative Installation
Authors: Liu Pinyao , Desnoyers-Stewart John , Stepanova Ekaterina R. , Riecke Bernhard E. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Breath of Light is an immersive breath-responsive installation aiming to reclaim the connective act of sharing breath in public spaces. During the exhibition at the 13th Shanghai Biennale in March 2021, the lead author interviewed and observed participants to better understand their experience. A follow-up interview conducted in January 2023 illustrated the work’s long-term effect on participants. This technological mediation of breathing explores its transformative potential to revive connective connotations of shared breathing and cultivate interoceptive awareness, reflection, and interhuman connection during the pandemic and beyond with the use of breathing interaction, metaphors, symbols, and ambiguous instructions.
Noise-Canceling Technologies for Smartphone Cameras: Self-Image in the Age of Anxiety
Authors: Treccani Carloalberto 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Noise-canceling technologies for smartphone cameras allow individuals to control and customize their self-images. These technologies that are used to automatically eliminate unwanted visual noise, such as excessive grain or lighting issues, skin imperfections, and teeth stains, are now widely used on smartphones to transform a noisy photograph into a “clean” and “ideal” image. In this paper, the author conducts a critical analysis of (1) the increasing popularity of these technologies through their application in smartphone cameras; (2) their active involvement in the construction of users’ ideal self-images; and (3) their contribution to increased instances of visual phobias, obsessions, anxieties, and irritation.
From Rational to Metaphysical: R. Hayyim of Volozhin’s Torah Lishmah as a Radical Concept
Authors: Shuchat Raphael 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Many see the mithnagdim as total rationalists. Therefore it has been assumed that R. Hayyim of Volozhin’s approach to Torah study was the same. Although rationalism may be a correct characterization of the method he used in talmudic study, it does not capture how R. Hayyim understood the essence of Torah study. Some have described Nefesh ha-Hayyim as demystifying Kabbalah. I agree that R. Hayyim opposes ecstatic Kabbalah. However, already in 1972 Norman Lamm noticed that R. Hayyim saw Torah study as a form of clinging to God. In my article, I go further and demonstrate how torah lishmah for R. Hayyim is a radical idea that includes a legitimate path to unio mystica, and even a way to divine inspiration.
Statistical Downscaling in the Tropics and Midlatitudes: A Comparative Assessment over Two Representative Regions
Authors: Hernanz Alfonso , Correa Carlos , Domínguez Marta , Rodríguez-Guisado Esteban , Rodríguez-Camino Ernesto 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Statistical downscaling (SD) of climate change projections is a key piece for impact and adaptation studies due to its low computational expense compared to dynamical downscaling, which allows exploration of uncertainties through the generation of large ensembles. SD has been extensively evaluated and applied in the extratropics, but few examples exist in tropical regions. In this study, several state-of-the-art methods belonging to different families have been evaluated for maximum/minimum daily temperature and daily accumulated precipitation (both from the ERA5 at 0.25°) in two regions with very different climates: Spain (midlatitudes) and Central America (tropics). Some key assumptions of SD have been tested: the strength of the predictor–predictand links, the skill of different approaches, and the extrapolation capability of each method. It has been found that relevant predictors are different in both regions, as is the behavior of statistical methods. For temperature, most methods perform significantly better in Spain than in Central America, where transfer function (TF) methods present important extrapolation problems, probably due to the low variability of the training sample (present climate). In both regions, model output statistics (MOS) methods have achieved the best results for temperature. In Central America, TF methods have achieved better results than MOS methods in the evaluation in the present climate, but they do not preserve trends in the future. For precipitation, MOS methods and the extreme gradient boost machine learning method have achieved the best results in both regions. In addition, it has been found that, although the use of humidity indices as predictors improves results for the downscaling of precipitation, future trends given by statistical methods are very sensitive to the use of one or another index. Three indices have been compared: relative humidity, specific humidity, and dewpoint depression. The use of the specific humidity has been found to lead to trends given by the downscaled projections that deviate seriously from those given by raw global climate models in both regions.
Is the Outflow-Layer Inertial Stability Crucial to the Energy Cycle and Development of Tropical Cyclones?
Authors: Li Yuanlong , Wang Yuqing , Tan Zhe-Min 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This study revisits the issue of why tropical cyclones (TCs) develop more rapidly at lower latitudes, using ensemble axisymmetric numerical simulations and energy diagnostics based on the isentropic analysis, with the focus on the relative importance of the outflow-layer and boundary layer inertial stabilities to TC intensification and energy cycle. Results show that although lowering the outflow-layer Coriolis parameter and thus inertial stability can slightly strengthen the outflow, it does not affect the simulated TC development, whereas lowering the boundary layer Coriolis parameter largely enhances the secondary circulation and TC intensification as in the experiment with a reduced Coriolis parameter throughout the model atmosphere. This suggests that TC outflow is more likely a passive result of the convergent inflow in the boundary layer and convective updraft in the eyewall. The boundary layer inertial stability is found to control the convergent inflow in the boundary layer and depth of convection in the eyewall and thus the temperature of the energy sink in the TC heat engine, which determines the efficiency and overall mechanical output of the heat engine and thus TC intensification. It is also shown that the hypothesized isothermal and adiabatic compression legs at the downstream end of the outflow in the classical Carnot cycle are not supported in the thermodynamic cycle of the simulated TCs, implying that the hypothesized classical TC Carnot cycle is not closed. It is the theoretical maximum work of the heat engine, not the energy expenditure following the outflow downstream, that determines the mechanical work used to intensify a TC.