bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A computerized recognition system to assess breast asymmetry after augmentation mammaplasty
Authors: Xu Boyang , Chen Lin , Liu Chunjun , Luan Jie 
Published: March 2023

Background
Breast augmentation patients are often unaware of their preexisted breast asymmetry before the surgery but discover it afterward, which leads to postoperative dissatisfaction and increases the reoperation rate. However, elaboration on how patients subjectively analyze breast asymmetry and the recognition thresholds was limited.

Methods
Two hundred female participants, including 100 six-months postoperative patients for primary augmentation mammaplasty, and 100 preoperative ones, were recruited as two study groups. Self-assessments of breast asymmetry and objective measurements were taken. A computerized recognition experiment was constructed based on standardized 3D models with different NAC and IMF asymmetry combinations. One hundred and twenty-one 3D models were generated and shown in random sequence. Participants responded whether they discovered breast asymmetry in each model. The recognition rate and 50% recognition thresholds of the asymmetry in NAC, IMF, lower pole length, volume and their interrelations were calculated.

Results
Self-assessment of the post-augmentation group showed a more precise distinguishment of NAC, IMF, and lower pole distance asymmetry than the pre-augmentation group. The 50% recognition thresholds of NAC and IMF level discrepancies were approximately 0.75cm, with the IMF asymmetry identified with higher accuracy. When the NAC level discrepancy ranged from 0.0cm to 1.25cm, adjusting the IMF level discrepancy from 0.0cm to 0.5cm in the same direction lowered participants' recognition rates of breast asymmetry.

Conclusion
Patients recognize their breast asymmetry issue more accurately after augmentation surgeries, despite improved parameters. In addition, adjusting the new IMF level aligning with NAC discrepancy within 0.5cm when treating mild NAC asymmetry improved symmetrical outcomes.
The dangerous of listen it but not understand it: The effect of interoceptive awareness as the underlying mechanism between anxiety and NSSI behaviors
Authors: Qu Diyang , Feng Yi , Chen Runsen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe underlying mechanism between anxiety and NSSI behaviors remains unclear. Interoceptive awareness has been suggested as a strong transdiagnostic risk factors for emotional disorders. Following the body-mind approach, we thus aimed to examine the potential indirect effect of three important dimensions of interoceptive awareness. The effect of study variables on the lifetime NSSI behaviors was first tested on 5281 Chinese participants, then the indirect effects were further clarified among individual with NSSI behaviors. We found that Emotional awareness and Body listening plays an indirect effect between anxiety symptoms and NSSI frequent, but in a opposite way. Future preventive intervention program in strength individual’s abilities of connection body and emotion has been strongly highlighted.
Dengue clinical features and predictors of severity in the diabetic patient: a retrospective cohort study on Reunion island, 2019
Authors: Issop Azizah , Bertolotti Antoine , Diarra Yves-Marie , Maïza Jean-christophe , Jarlet Éric , Cogne Muriel , Doussiet Éric , Magny Éric , Maillard Olivier ,   Epidengue Cohort Investigation Team, Nobécourt Estelle , Gérardin Patrick 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTAim: Diabetes mellitus is associated with both the risks of severe dengue and dengue-related deaths, however the factors characterizing dengue in the diabetic patient are ill-recognized. The objective of this hospital-based cohort study was to identify the factors characterizing dengue and those able to predict dengue severity in the diabetic patient.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed demographic, clinical and biological parameters at admission in the cohort of patients who consulted at the university hospital between January and June 2019 with confirmed dengue. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted.ResultsOf 936 patients, 184 patients (20%) were diabetic. One hundred and eighty-eight patients (20%) developed severe dengue according to the WHO 2009 definition. Diabetic patients were older and had more comorbidities than non-diabetics. In an age-adjusted logistic regression model, loss of appetite, altered mental status, high neutrophil to platelet ratios (>14.7), low haematocrit (≤ 38%), upper-range serum creatinine (>100 µmol/l) and high urea to creatinine ratio (>50) were indicative of dengue in the diabetic patient. In a modified Poisson regression model, four key independent variables were predictive of severe dengue in the diabetic patient: presence of diabetes complications, non-severe bleeding, altered mental status and cough. Among diabetes complications, diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy, but not diabetic nephropathy nor diabetic foot, were predictive of severe dengue.ConclusionAt hospital first presentation, dengue in the diabetic patient is characterized by deteriorations in appetite, mental and renal functioning, while severe dengue can be predicted by presence of diabetes complications, dengue-related non-severe haemorrhages, cough, and dengue-related encephalopathy.
Campus Sewage Water Surveillance based dynamics and infection trends of SARS-CoV-2 variants during third wave of COVID-19 in Pune, India
Authors: Malik Vinita , Rajput Vinay , Pramanik Rinka , Samson Rachel , Yadav Rakesh kumar , Kadam Pradnya , Shah Nikita , Sawant Rutuja , Bhalerao Unnati , Tupekar Manisha , Khan Soumen , Shah Priyanki , Shashidhara LS , Kamble Sanjay , Dastager Syed , Karmodiya Krishanpal , Dharne Mahesh 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) of SARS-CoV-2 is a quick and cost-effective method of tracking virus transmission. However, few studies reported on campus or in academic or residential settings worldwide. In this study, we demonstrated the WBE approach to detect, monitor, and evaluate genomic variants of SARS-CoV-2 fragments in a sewage treatment plant (STP) located on the campus of CSIR National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India. Herein we describe the early warning capability of WBE, with viral load rise in campus sewage water up to 14 days before its clinical detection. This was supported further by a significant correlation between SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentration and clinically reported COVID-19 cases on campus. Additionally, we comprehended the probable targets missed by the quantitative qRT-PCR using amplicon-based sequencing due to low viral load. The analysis revealed the presence of signature mutations of the Omicron (S:N679K, S:N764K, S:D796Y, N:P13L, ORF1a:T3255I, ORF1a:K856R, ORF1a:P3395H, and N:S413R) before the lineage was first detected globally. Further, we used Lineage decomposition (LCS) tool to detect the Variant of Concern (VOC)/Variant of Interest (VOI) signals upto a month earlier in sewage water samples. The analysis also indicated the transition of lineage from Delta to Omicron in late Decemeber,2021. This is the first study in India highlighting the use of on-campus STP to evaluate the local spread of SARS-CoV-2, which could aid in preventing COVID-19 in academic institutes/universities. This study proves the usefulness of WBE as an early warning system for detecting, tracking and tracing VOCs using the sequencing approach. The current study could aid in taking critical decisions to tackle the pandemic scenario on campus.HighlightsThe first study on campus sewage water for SARS-CoV-2 surveillance in IndiaEarly detection of Omicron VOC signals during early November 2021Sequencing revealed the presence of Omicron VOC fragments prior to clinical cases reported on campusGenomic analysis indicated transition of Delta to Omicron lineage in late December 2021 and potentially led to the third waveCombining qRT-PCR and sequencing could be useful for on-campus tracking of variants using wastewater surveillance
Artificial Intelligence Neural Network Consistently Interprets Lung Ultrasound Artifacts in Hospitalized Patients: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Fox Thomas H. , Gare Gautam R. , Hutchins Laura E. , Perez Victor S. , Rodriguez Ricardo , Smith David L. , Brito-Encarnacion Francisco X. , Danrad Raman , Tran Hai V. , Lowery Peter B. , Montgomery David J. , Zamorra Kevin A. , Krishnan Amita , Galeotti John M. , deBoisblanc Bennett P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundInterpretation of lung ultrasound artifacts by clinicians can be inconsistent. Artificial intelligence (AI) may perform this task more consistently.Research QuestionCan AI characterize lung ultrasound artifacts similarly to humans, and can AI interpretation be corroborated by clinical data?Study Design and MethodsLung sonograms (n=665) from a convenience sample of 172 subjects were prospectively obtained using a pre-specified protocol and matched to clinical and radiographic data. Three investigators scored sonograms for A-lines and B-lines. AI was trained using 142 subjects and then tested on a separate dataset of 30 patients. Three radiologists scored similar anatomic regions of contemporary radiographs for interstitial and alveolar infiltrates to corroborate sonographic findings. The ratio of oxyhemoglobin saturation:fraction of inspired oxygen (S/F) was also used for comparison. The primary outcome was the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between the median investigator scoring of artifacts and AI interpretation.ResultsIn the test set, the correlation between the median investigator score and the AI score was moderate to good for A lines (ICC 0.73, 95% CI [0.53-0.89]), and moderate for B lines (ICC 0.66, 95% CI [0.55-0.75]). The degree of variability between the AI score and the median investigator score for each video was similar to the variability between each investigator’s score and the median score. The correlation among radiologists was moderate (ICC 0.59, 95% CI [0.52-0.82]) for interstitial infiltrates and poor for alveolar infiltrates (ICC 0.33, 95% CI [0.07-0.58]). There was a statistically significant correlation between AI scored B-lines and the degree of interstitial opacities for five of six lung zones. Neither AI nor human-scored artifacts were consistently associated with S/F.InterpretationUsing a limited dataset, we showed that AI can interpret lung ultrasound A-lines and B-lines in a fashion that could be clinically useful.
Mother’s childhood adversity is associated with accelerated epigenetic aging in pregnancy and in male newborns
Authors: Dye Christian K. , Wu Haotian , Monk Catherine , Belsky Daniel W. , Alschuler Daniel , Lee Seonjoo , O’Donnell Kieran , Scorza Pamela 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are correlated with accelerated epigenetic aging, but it is not clear whether altered epigenetic aging from childhood adversities persists into adulthood and can be transmitted to the next generation. Thus, we tested whether mothers’ childhood adversity is associated with accelerated epigenetic aging during pregnancy and in their newborn offspring.MethodsData were from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) sub-study, Accessible Resource for Integrated Epigenomic Studies (ARIES). Women provided retrospective self-reports during pregnancy of ACE exposure. DNA methylation was measured in mothers during pregnancy and cord blood at birth. Estimates of epigenetic age acceleration were calculated using Principal Components of Horvath, Hannum skin & blood, GrimAge, PhenoAge, and DunedinPACE epigenetic clocks for mothers; and the Knight and Bohlin cord blood clocks for newborns. Associations between a cumulative maternal ACE score and epigenetic age acceleration were estimated using linear regression models, adjusting for maternal age at pregnancy, smoking during pregnancy, education, and pre-pregnancy BMI. Models for offspring were stratified by sex and additionally adjusted for gestation age.ResultsMothers’ total ACE score was positively associated with accelerated maternal PhenoAge and GrimAge. In newborn offspring, mothers’ total ACE score was positively associated with accelerated epigenetic aging in males using the Bohlin clock, but not in females using either epigenetic clock. We found male offsprings’ epigenetic age was accelerated in those born to mothers exposed to neglect using the Knight clock; and parental substance abuse using the Bohlin clock.ConclusionOur results show that mothers’ ACE exposure is associated with DNAm age acceleration in male offspring, supporting the notion that DNAm age could be a marker of intergenerational biological embedding of mothers’ childhood adversity. This is consistent with findings on vulnerability of male fetuses to environmental insults.
Improvements in diarrheal disease prevalence with point-of-use water filter implementation in the informal settlement of Kibera, Kenya
Authors: Tintle Nathan L. , Westra Jason , Van De Griend Kristin , Beard Virginia , Turner Benjamin N. , Huisman Natalie L.H. , Dawson Nicholas , Droscha Lillian , Ihle Clay , Moore Matthew , Orellana Marilyn , Schutter Luke , Snyder Lydia , White Devin , Wilson Makayla , Goszkowicz Grace K. , Krueger Brent P. , Best Aaron A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere is increasing evidence of the efficacy of point-of-use water filters on diarrhea prevalence in numerous global settings, in both observational studies and randomized experiments. Most studies, however, are focused on rural locations. Methods We use self-report household surveys to monitor a set of approximately 10,000 households receiving point-of-use water filters and WASH training in Kibera, Kenya. Twenty-five drinking water sources throughout the 7 neighborhoods were also selected for testing of E. coli, total coliform, bacterial 16S rRNA community sequencing and metals. Albendazole was provided to all households at distribution as part of the standard filter distribution protocol, with a subset of 2,642 households not receiving Albendazole at distribution, instead receiving it at the second follow-up (approximately 5 weeks after filter distribution).ResultsAfter data cleaning, a sample of 6,795 households were analyzed using mixed effects generalized linear models to account for repeated household measurements, geospatial and temporal effects, interviewer and other household covariates. Models predicted self-reported, 2-week prevalence of diarrhea. After accounting for confounding factors, self-reported diarrhea rates dropped from 52.7% to 2.2% after approximately 70 days of filter use. Field testing characterized most water sources (18 out of 25) as unsafe for Total coliforms, many for E. coli (6 out of 25), and one source above WHO health guidelines for arsenic. There was no evidence of a difference in self-reported diarrhea prevalence between households receiving Albendazole at distribution vs. those that didn’t (p>0.05).ConclusionsThe introduction of Sawyer filters to households in a densely populated informal settlement reduced diarrhea and other health related problems. Representative water quality testing indicates a high frequency of drinking water source contamination with E. coli and Total Coliforms but a very low frequency of dissolved metals present, above WHO guidelines for drinking water. Anti-parasitic medication distribution had little to no impact on the results. Future randomized controlled studies with objective health measures are needed to ensure cause-effect impact of the filters, and study of filter longevity in the field continues to be a critical need.
The biosynthesis, degradation, and function of cell wall β-xylosylated xyloglucan mirrors that of arabinoxyloglucan
Authors: Wilson L. F. L. , Neun S. , Yu L. , Tryfona T. , Stott K. , Hollfelder F. , Dupree P. 
Published: March 2023

SummaryXyloglucan is an abundant polysaccharide in many primary cell walls and in the human diet. Decoration of its α-xylosyl side chains with further sugars is critical for plant growth, even though the sugars themselves vary considerably between species. Plants in the Ericales order—prevalent in human diets—exhibit β1,2-linked xylosyl decorations. The biosynthetic enzymes responsible for adding these xylosyl decorations, as well as the hydrolases that remove them in the human gut, are unidentified.GT47 xyloglucan glycosyltransferase candidates were expressed in Arabidopsis andendo-xyloglucanase products from transgenic wall material were analysed by electrophoresis, mass spectrometry, and NMR. The activities of gut bacterial hydrolasesBoGH43A andBoGH43B on synthetic glycosides and xyloglucan oligosaccharides were measured by colorimetry and electrophoresis.CcXBT1 is a xyloglucan β-xylosyltransferase from coffee that can modify Arabidopsis xyloglucan and restore the growth of galactosyltransferase mutants. RelatedVmXST1 is a weakly active xyloglucan α-arabinofuranosyltransferase from cranberry.BoGH43A hydrolyses both α-arabinofuranosylated and β-xylosylated oligosaccharides.CcXBT1’s presence in coffee andBoGH43A’s promiscuity suggest that β-xylosylated xyloglucan is not only more widespread than thought, but might also nourish beneficial gut bacteria. The evolutionary instability of transferase specificity and lack of hydrolase specificity hint that, to enzymes, xylosides and arabinofuranosides are closely resemblant.
Computational Methods for Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine - a literature review
Authors: Bardini Roberta , Di Carlo Stefano 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTThis literature review rigorously examines the growing scientific interest in computational methods for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine biofabrication, a leading-edge area in biomedical innovation, emphasizing the need for accurate, multi-stage, and multi-component biofabrication process models. The paper presents a comprehensive bibliometric and contextual analysis, followed by a literature review, to shed light on the vast potential of computational methods in this domain. It reveals that most existing methods focus on single biofabrication process stages and components, and there is a significant gap in approaches that utilize accurate models encompassing both biological and technological aspects. This analysis underscores the indispensable role of these methods in under-standing and effectively manipulating complex biological systems and the necessity for developing computational methods that span multiple stages and components. The review concludes that such comprehensive computational methods are essential for developing innovative and efficient Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine biofabrication solutions, driving forward advancements in this dynamic and evolving field.Graphical Abstract
Differential increase of hippocampal subfield volume after socio-affective mental training relates to reductions in diurnal cortisol
Authors: Valk Sofie L. , Engert Veronika , Puhlman Lara , Linz Roman , Caldirou Benoit , Bernasconi Andrea , Bernasconi Neda , Bernhardt Boris C. , Singer Tania 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe hippocampus is a central modulator of the HPA-axis, impacting the regulation of stress on brain structure, function, and behavior. The current study assessed whether three different types of 3-months mental Training Modules geared towards nurturing a) attention-based mindfulness, b) socio-affective or c) socio-cognitive skills may impact hippocampal organization by reducing stress. We evaluated mental training-induced changes in hippocampal subfield volume and intrinsic functional connectivity, by combining longitudinal structural and resting-state fMRI connectivity analysis in 332 healthy adults. We related these changes to changes in diurnal and chronic cortisol levels. We observed increases in bilateral cornu ammonis volume (CA1-3) following the 3-months compassion-based module targeting socio-affective skills (Affectmodule), as compared to socio-cognitive skills (Perspectivemodule) or a waitlist cohort with no training intervention. Structural changes were paralleled by relative increases in functional connectivity of CA1-3 when fostering socio-affective as compared to socio-cognitive skills. Furthermore, training-induced changes in CA1-3 structure and function consistently correlated with reductions in cortisol output. Notably, using a multivariate approach, we found that other subfields that did not show group-level changes also contributed to changes in cortisol levels. Overall, we provide a link between a socio-emotional behavioural intervention, changes in hippocampal subfield structure and function, and reductions in cortisol in healthy adults.
Viral diversity and dynamics, and CRISPR-Cas mediated immunity in a robust alkaliphilic Cyanobacterial consortium
Authors: Khot Varada , Strous Marc , Dong Xiaoli , Kiesser Alyse K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn many industries, from food to biofuels, contamination of production systems with predators is a costly problem and requires the maintenance of sterile operating conditions. In this study, we look at the robustness of one such alkaliphilic consortium, comprised largely of a cyanobacteriumCandidatusPhormidium alkaliphilum, to viral predation. This consortium has existed without a community crash over several years in laboratory and pilot scale environments. We look at CRISPR-Cas systems and viral dynamics in this consortium at four conditions using metagenomic analyses. Results show that while there are active viral members in this community, viral predation of the cyanobacteria is low and does not affect the community dynamics. The multiple CRISPR arrays within the Phormidium were found to be static following initial lab establishment of consortium. Multiple cryptic CRISPR-Cas systems were detected with uncertain viral protection capacity. Our results suggest that dynamics of potential viruses and CRISPR-Cas mediated immunity likely play an important role in the initial establishment of consortia and may continue to support the functional robustness of engineered microbial communities throughout biotechnology applications.ImportanceBiotechnology applications utilizing the function of microbial communities have become increasingly important solutions as we strive for sustainable applications. Although viral infections are known to have significant impact on microbial turnover and nutrient cycling, viral dynamics have remained largely overlooked in these engineered communities. Predatory perturbations to the functional stability of these microbial biotechnology applications must be investigated in order to design more robust applications. In this study, we closely examine virus-microbe dynamics in a model microbial community used in a biotechnology application. Our findings suggest that viral dynamics change significantly with environmental conditions and that microbial immunity may play an important role in maintaining functional stability. We present this study as a comprehensive template for other researchers interested in exploring predatory dynamics in engineered microbial communities.