bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Awareness and approach in a sample of Community Pharmacists’ towards Patient Counseling in Thi-Qar/ Iraq and providing the appropriate solutions for the development of counseling
Authors: Nadem Suha 
Published: June 2023

The main activity of community pharmacies throughout the world is directed with regard todispensing medication and patient care rather than compounding. Patients counseling has improved health-related outcomes in many acute and chronic conditions. The aim of this study is Assess the knowledge of community pharmacits about the counseling practice of patients in a sample of pharmacists in Thi-Qar/Iraq and Providing the appropriate means for developing the counseling and continuating education programs for community pharmacist. A cross-sectional study plan employing questionnaires was arranged based on previous studies and accomplished on a good specimen sample of sixty-one community pharmacists from Thi-Qar from separated areas of Thi-Qar participated in this survey. There were about (33%) of males and (67%) of females of respondents. The generality of pharmacists were giving advising to the patients and 65% of them drained 1-5 minutes for the purposes of deal with a prescription and provide counseling. Pharmacist concentrated on side effect, indication, duration, frequency and the dose of the drug during counseling in different proportions. Most pharmacists reported that patient response to counseling was mostly positive. One of the main strategies that was highlighted in overcoming the obstacles in patient counseling was providing special area in the pharmacy for counseling. Another important strategy was preparation of continuous pharmacist education programs that can assist in ameliorate the counseling practice furthermore.
The Prevalence of blaCTX-M, blaTEM Genes in Bacteria Isolated From Bladder Cancer Patients with UTI
Authors: Jassim Huda , Yahya A. Abbas Alkhafaji  , Hazim R.Alkafaji  
Published: June 2023

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most prevalent infections in cancer patients . Two hundred urine samples were taken from patients with bladder cancer between the dates of 1 April 2021 and 15 October 2021 while they were enrolled in third floor Ghazi Al- Hariri Hospital, Medical City, Baghdad Province, and private clinics in Nasiriyah Province (100 from patients treated with MMC and 100 from patients treated with BCG). Forty urine samples were taken from patients with UTI without Bladder Ca (control). The most commonly pathogens were Escherichia coli , followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae , Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphyllococcus aureus and other genera of UTI bacterium. The total ESBLs Producers in the current study from 40 isolates was (27)72.5%.The highest ESBLs Producer in all Groups was E.coli followed by K.pneumoniae and P.aeruginosae . According to PCR out of 38 Clinical specimen from all groups , results of the bla CTX-M gene indicated its presence in 21 isolate(55.2%),while the presence of bla TEM gene was 26(68.4%) of total isolates.
Detection of mecA and ermC genes in S. epidermidis isolates among acne patients
Authors: Muter Baydaa shaheed 
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the recent study was to profile of two resistance genes (mecA and ermC) in S.epidermidis which isolated from acne patients. In the study, 150 samples of acne from acne sufferers were collected between August and September 2022 in a private clinical place in the Thi-Qar province of Iraq. The S. epidermidis was only found in (40%) isolates. Microscopical examination, morphological characterization , diverse biochemical testes, and accurate identification with Viteks-system were used to recognize S. epidermidis isolates.. The PCR technique results recorded that (90%) of S. epidermidis isolates had mecA genes and low percentage of ermC (10%).
Стан та перспективи випробувань системи герметичного огородження реакторної установки з ВВЕР-1000 на герметичність
Authors: Kravchenko V. , Vlasov А. , Golovchenko А. , Mazurenko А. , Dubkovskyi V. , Chulkin O. 
Published: June 2023

Система герметичного огородження є четвертим бар’єром безпеки на шляху виходу радіоактивних елементів та іонізуючого випромінювання в навколишнє середовище у разі аварії. Її надійності приділяється велика увага: після кожного планово-попереджувального ремонту або після кожного позаштатного розущільнення засобів локалізації аварії здійснюються випробування системи герметичного огородження на герметичність. Під час цих випробувань на АЕС України використовується метод «абсолютного тиску». За цим методом за результатами вимірювання тиску, температури та вологості повітря визначається маса наявного в системі герметичного огородження повітря за рівнянням Менделєєва-Клапейрона. Тобто виток визначається непрямим методом: розрахунком маси наявного повітря в об’ємі протягом деякого часу. Зараз на АЕС України досягнуто доволі високі показники герметичності, тобто інтегральний витік достатньо малий, тому методичні основи випробувань мають удосконалюватися. Складність та велика тривалість випробувань за методом «абсолютного тиску» (більш ніж доба) є стимулом для скорочення часу випробувань. У статті запропоновано замість методу «абсолютного тиску» для визначення інтегрального витоку, як критерію герметичності системи герметичного огородження, використовувати перспективний компенсаційний метод. Останній дозволяє визначати інтегральний витік із системи герметичного огородження прямим вимірюванням значно швидше і точніше. Наведено схему та принцип використання компенсаційного методу за допомогою контрольної ємності. Описано методику проведення вказаного вище вимірювання. Зазначається, що компенсаційний метод потребує використання приладу вимірювання малої витрати повітря, що спричиняє певні труднощі. Зазначається, що до верифікації нового методу мають використовуватися два методи одночасно. Проаналізовано всі п’ять етапів проведення випробувань. Показано, що через відсутність етапу вакуумування (можливість чого має підтверджуватися запланованим графіком нагнітання повітря до щільної системи герметичного огородження), використання ежектора (для скорочення часу нагнітання), компенсаційного методу вимірювань та зменшення етапу стабілізації температури тривалість випробувань може бути зменшена на 56 %.
Захист об’єктів критичної інфраструктури України від прямих влучань ракет за допомогою підземного розташування
Authors: Kotsiuruba V. , Bilyk А. , Bzot V. , Dzeverin I. 
Published: June 2023

У статті аналізуються основні загрози ураження вітчизняної критичної інфраструктури крилатими та аеробалістичними ракетами рф. Зібрано відомі характеристики основних ракет противника, а також проведено наближені обчислення їх специфічних параметрів.
Наведено методику розрахунку захисних товщ підземних укриттів об’єктів критичної інфраструктури, а також їх компонувальні схеми за повного і часткового заглиблення та у разі поверхневого укриття.
На підставі аналізу розрахункових даних показано доцільність заглибленого розташування головних елементів об’єктів критичної інфраструктури в енергетиці, зокрема розподільчих підстанцій тощо.
Наведено геометричні розміри укриттів залежно від параметрів ґрунтового середовища.
Стаття входить до циклу публікацій авторів щодо розробленої ними концепції «Країна-фортеця», реалізація якої спрямована на забезпечення інтегрального захисту території України, об’єктів, громадян та систем.
Postmodern Social Work: Reflective Practice and Education
Authors: Moffatt Ken 
Published: June 2023

<p>How should social workers adapt to a time of widespread instability and uncertainty? How can social work practice account for the ever-increasing infiltration of technology and media images into our daily lives and mental states? In this book, Ken Moffatt turns to postmodern philosophy’s grappling with late capitalism and the omnipresence of technology in order to develop a new approach to reflective social work practice and critical pedagogy.</p>
<p><em>Postmodern Social Work</em> attempts to reconcile postmodern thinkers with the realities of teaching social work to diverse student populations in a precarious era. Moffatt advocates an ideal of reflective practice that allows social workers to combine direct experience, social welfare, and social justice. Through a series of interlocking essays focused on the theoretical underpinnings of reflective practice in the context of social work education, he explores the implications of postmodern theory for social work practice. Drawing on thinkers such as Michel Foucault, Judith Butler, Julia Kristeva, Gilles Deleuze, and Félix Guattari, Moffatt lays out a path forward for reflective social work, providing new ways of thinking that collapse old categories and integrate direct practice with community engagement and social analysis. <em>Postmodern Social Work</em> offers an approach to practice and teaching that considers the shifting landscape of social change while remaining true to social work’s primary concerns of inclusion and justice. </p>
Design and Fabrication of an Agricultural Spraying Machine Using a Knapsack Sprayer
Authors: Rakibuzzaman Md , Islam Aminul , Amin Md Al , Khan Md Mahfujur Rahman , Rahman Mohammad Saidur 
Published: June 2023

Plant protection equipment is essential in the agricultural field for increasing crop productivity and minimizing the losses caused. Specialized machinery for mechanically applying chemicals is crucial for maximizing crop yields in farming. Farmers use a wide range of pesticides to counteract the effects of insects, diseases, and fungi on their crops. The backpack sprayers do the spraying with staffing, which requires more human effort, covers a small area, is time-consuming, and has a low storage capacity. The market introduced many products to address these limitations, but they cannot work simultaneously. Solar, electrical, and chemical energy is now being used to spray pesticides, but these methods are expensive and require a trained operator. To address the issues above, a product designed with adaptable spraying equipment is proposed to benefit medium-and small-scale farmers. This study aims to look at the problem of manual backpack sprayers and reduce backpack and foot spraying, eliminate human efforts, and decrease labor costs by advancing the spraying method and a constant flow of droplets. Finally, we have investigated the effects of urging gardeners and farmers to spray their plants with liquids such as pesticides, herbicides, and water. The proposed design can help gardeners in terms of comfort during spraying, reducing energy used to pump tanks, and effectively utilizing spraying time.
IUBAT Review—A Multidisciplinary Academic Journal, 6 (1): 88-99
Identification of biomarkers related to sepsis diagnosis based on bioinformatics and machine learning and experimental verification
Authors: Wang Qianfei , Wang Chenxi , Zhang Weichao , Tao Yulei , Guo Junli , Liu Yuan , Liu Zhiliang , Liu Dong , Mei Jianqiang , Chen Fenqiao 
Published: June 2023

Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by bacteria and other pathogenic microorganisms. Every year, approximately 31.5 million patients are diagnosed with sepsis, and approximately 5.3 million patients succumb to the disease. In this study, we identified biomarkers for diagnosing sepsis analyzed the relationships between genes and Immune cells that were differentially expressed in specimens from patients with sepsis compared to normal controls. Finally, We verified its effectiveness through animal experiments. Specifically, we analyzed datasets from four microarrays(GSE11755、GSE12624、GSE28750、GSE48080) that included 106 blood specimens from patients with sepsis and 69 normal human blood samples. SVM-RFE analysis and LASSO regression model were carried out to screen possible markers. The composition of 22 immune cell components in patients with sepsis were also determined using CIBERSORT. The expression level of the biomarkers in Sepsis was examined by the use of qRT-PCR and Western Blot (WB). We identified 50 differentially expressed genes between the cohorts, including 2 significantly upregulated and 48 significantly downregulated genes, and KEGG pathway analysis identified Salmonella infection, human T cell leukemia virus 1 infection, Epstein−Barr virus infection, hepatitis B, lysosome and other pathways that were significantly enriched in blood from patients with sepsis. Ultimately, we identified COMMD9, CSF3R, and NUB1 as genes that could potentially be used as biomarkers to predict sepsis, which we confirmed by ROC analysis. Further, we identified a correlation between the expression of these three genes and immune infiltrate composition. Immune cell infiltration analysis revealed that COMMD9 was correlated with T cells regulatory (Tregs), T cells follicular helper, T cells CD8, et al. CSF3R was correlated with T cells regulatory (Tregs), T cells follicular helper, T cells CD8, et al. NUB1 was correlated with T cells regulatory (Tregs), T cells gamma delta, T cells follicular helper, et al. Taken together, our findings identify potential new diagnostic markers for sepsis that shed light on novel mechanisms of disease pathogenesis and, therefore, may offer opportunities for therapeutic intervention.
Durability and extent of protection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among patients with COVID-19 in Metro Manila, Philippines
Authors: Gonzales Ma. Liza Antoinette M. , Dans Leonila F. , Tan-Lim Carol Stephanie C. , Uy Elenore , Cutiongco-dela Paz Eva , Sulit Maria Vanessa V. , Alejandria Marissa M. , Lansang Mary Ann D. , Dans Antonio L. , Dator Melissa A. , Cordero Cynthia P. , Pardilla Gina F. 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionInformation on the magnitude and durability of humoral immunity against COVID-19 among specific populations can guide policies on vaccination, return from isolation and physical distancing measures. The study determined the durability of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies after an initial infection among Filipinos in Metro Manila, Philippines, and the extent of protection SARS-CoV-2 antibodies confer against reinfection.MethodsWe conducted a cohort study to monitor the antibody levels of patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific antibodies were measured at Days 21, 90, 180, 270 and 360. Antibody levels were reported as geometric mean titers (GMT) with geometric standard deviation (GSD). Differences in GMT were tested using Friedman test and Kruskal Wallis test, with Bonferroni multiple comparisons procedure. Adjusted hazard ratios on the development of probable reinfection were estimated using Cox proportional models.ResultsThere were 307 study participants included in the study, with 13 dropouts. Study participants received SARS-CoV-2 vaccines at varying times, with 278 participants (90.5%) fully vaccinated by the end of study. The GMT of the study cohort increased over time, from 19.7 U/mL (GSD 11) at Day 21; to 284.5 U/mL (GSD 9.6) at Day 90; 1,061 U/mL (GSD 5.3) at Day 180; 2,003 U/mL (GSD 6.7) at Day 270; and 8,403 U/mL (GSD 3.1) at Day 360. The increase was statistically significant from Day 21 to Day 90 (p&lt;0.0001), Day 90 to Day 180 (p=0.0005), and Day 270 to Day 360 (p&lt;0.0001). Participants with more severe initial infection demonstrated significantly higher antibody levels compared to those with milder infection at Day 21. Sixty-four patients had probable COVID-19 reinfection (incidence of 20.8%, 95% CI 16.4, 25.8%). The GMT of these 64 patients was 411.8 U/mL (GSD 6.9) prior to the occurrence of the probable reinfection. Majority (87.5%) were fully vaccinated. Antibody titers significantly affected the risk of developing reinfection, with adjusted hazard ratio of 0.994, 95% CI 0.992-0.996, p&lt;0.001.ConclusionAntibody levels against SARS-CoV-2 increased over a one-year follow-up. Higher antibody levels were observed among those with more severe initial infection and those vaccinated. Higher antibody levels are associated with a lower risk of probable reinfection.
A meaningful exploration of ofatumumab in refractory NMOSD: a case report
Authors: Zhan Yibo , Zhao Min , Li Xiaojun , Ouyang Huiying , Du Chenghao , Chen Guixian , Lou Zhenzhen , Chen Haoxuan , Zhao Yuanqi , Xu Haoyou 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveTo report the case of a patient with refractory neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), who, despite showing poor response or intolerance to multiple immunosuppressants, was successfully treated with Ofatumumab.Case presentationA 42-year-old female was diagnosed with NMOSD in the first episode of the disease. Despite treatment with intravenous methylprednisolone, immunoglobulin, rituximab and immunoadsorption, together with oral steroids, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil and tacrolimus, she underwent various adverse events, such as abnormal liver function, repeated infections, fever, rashes, hemorrhagic shock, etc., and experienced five relapses over the ensuing four years. Finally, clinicians decided to initiate Ofatumumab to control the disease. The patient received 9 doses of Ofatumumab over the next 10 months at customized intervals. Her symptoms were stable and there was no recurrence or any adverse events.ConclusionOfatumumab might serve as an effective and safe alternative for NMOSD patients who are resistant to other current immunotherapies.
Baricitinib retention rate: ‘real-life’ data from a mono-centric cohort of patients affected by rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Baldi Caterina , Berlengiero Virginia , Falsetti Paolo , Cartocci Alessandra , Conticini Edoardo , D’Alessandro Roberto , D’Ignazio Emilio , Bardelli Marco , Fabbroni Marta , Cantarini Luca , Frediani Bruno , Gentileschi Stefano 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesThe aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate baricitinib retention rate in patients affected by rheumatoid arthritis. Secondary aims were to compare the impact on treatment persistence of monotherapy and other variables such as systemic corticosteroid use, line of treatment, disease duration, sex, biomarkers positivity, and Herpes Zoster virus infection.Materials and methodsPatients with Rheumatoid Arthritis undergoing baricitinib were consecutively enrolled. Rheumatoid Arthritis diagnosis was performed with 2010 ACR/EULAR classification criteria. The cohort’s demographic, clinical and therapeutical data were retrospectively collected. The whole follow-up duration was 104 weeks.ResultsNinety-five patients affected by rheumatoid arthritis and treated with baricitinib were consecutively enrolled. At the end of follow-up, the overall retention rate was 69.3%. No statistically significant difference in retention rate was observed between patients treated with baricitinib in monotherapy or in combination with methotrexate (p = 0.638) while patients undergoing a steroidal treatment showed a significantly reduced treatment retention (p = 0.028). Contrarily, patients treated with baricitinib as a first-line b/tsDMARD showed higher drug retention (p = 0.002) compared to further treatment lines. Steroid employment, steroid dosage and previous treatment with bDMARDs correlated with risk of treatment discontinuation and at univariate analysis (p = 0.028, p &lt; 0.001, and p = 0.002 respectively). Multivariate analysis confirmed significance for higher steroid dosage and previous treatment with bDMARDs (p = 0.002 and p = 0.046). No adverse events such as deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism or tubercular infection/reactivation were reported during the study observation.ConclusionOur data show a good baricitinib retention rate after 12 and 24 months of observation (75.1 and 69.3%, respectively). In our cohort, concomitant treatment with methotrexate did not influence treatment persistence while retention was reduced in patients undergoing a steroidal treatment and/or in multi-failure subjects.
Antibody production and tolerance to the α-gal epitope as models for understanding and preventing the immune response to incompatible ABO carbohydrate antigens and for α-gal therapies
Authors: Galili Uri 
Published: June 2023

This review describes the significance of the α-gal epitope (Galα-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc-R) as the core of human blood-group A and B antigens (A and B antigens), determines in mouse models the principles underlying the immune response to these antigens, and suggests future strategies for the induction of immune tolerance to incompatible A and B antigens in human allografts. Carbohydrate antigens, such as ABO antigens and the α-gal epitope, differ from protein antigens in that they do not interact with T cells, but B cells interacting with them require T-cell help for their activation. The α-gal epitope is the core of both A and B antigens and is the ligand of the natural anti-Gal antibody, which is abundant in all humans. In A and O individuals, anti-Gal clones (called anti-Gal/B) comprise &gt;85% of the so-called anti-B activity and bind to the B antigen in facets that do not include fucose-linked α1–2 to the core α-gal. As many as 1% of B cells are anti-Gal B cells. Activation of quiescent anti-Gal B cells upon exposure to α-gal epitopes on xenografts and some protozoa can increase the titer of anti-Gal by 100-fold. α1,3-Galactosyltransferase knockout (GT-KO) mice lack α-gal epitopes and can produce anti-Gal. These mice simulate human recipients of ABO-incompatible human allografts. Exposure for 2–4 weeks of naïve and memory mouse anti-Gal B cells to α-gal epitopes in the heterotopically grafted wild-type (WT) mouse heart results in the elimination of these cells and immune tolerance to this epitope. Shorter exposures of 7 days of anti-Gal B cells to α-gal epitopes in the WT heart result in the production of accommodating anti-Gal antibodies that bind to α-gal epitopes but do not lyse cells or reject the graft. Tolerance to α-gal epitopes due to the elimination of naïve and memory anti-Gal B cells can be further induced by 2 weeks in vivo exposure to WT lymphocytes or autologous lymphocytes engineered to present α-gal epitopes by transduction of the α1,3-galactosyltransferase gene. These mouse studies suggest that autologous human lymphocytes similarly engineered to present the A or B antigen may induce corresponding tolerance in recipients of ABO-incompatible allografts. The review further summarizes experimental works demonstrating the efficacy of α-gal therapies in amplifying anti-viral and anti-tumor immune-protection and regeneration of injured tissues.
Referred pain: characteristics, possible mechanisms, and clinical management
Authors: Jin Qianjun , Chang Yuxin , Lu Chenmiao , Chen Lunhao , Wang Yue 
Published: June 2023

Purpose of this reviewReferred pain is a common but less understood symptom that originates from somatic tissues. A comprehensive recognition of referred pain is important for clinicians when dealing with it. The purpose of this study is to summarize the current understanding of referred pain, including its pathogenesis, characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment.Recent findingsReferred pain arises not only from pathologies primarily involving local tissue but also from lesions in distant structures. Central sensitization of convergent neurons and peripheral reflexes of dichotomizing afferent fibers are two theories proposed to explain the pathological mechanism of referred pain. Because syndromes related to referred pain of different origins overlap each other, it is challenging to define referred pain and identify its originating lesions. Although various approaches have been used in the diagnosis and treatment of referred pain, including conservative treatment, blockade, radiofrequency, and surgery, management of referred pain remains a clinical challenge.SummaryUnlike radicular pain and neuropathic pain, referred pain is a less studied area, despite being common in clinics. Referred pain can derive from various spinal structures, and blockage helps identify the primary pathology. Due to the heterogeneity of referred pain, treatment outcomes remain uncertain. Further studies are needed to improve our understanding of referred pain.