bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Government emergency aid and perceived financial security in COVID-19: evidence from a sample of vulnerable women in Brazil
Authors: Rabelo Dutra Vanessa , Mendonça Flores Silvia Amélia , Mendes Vieira Kelmara , Bunde Altacir 
Published: May 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine if public policy satisfaction is related with perceived financial security. The public policy examined is an emergency income policy in Brazil.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used a questionnaire to interview a random sample of 235 single-parent women who received Emergency Aid (EA) resources in Brazil during the pandemic. The questionnaire included measures of financial security, financial anxiety, financial resilience and profile aspects. The authors applied a multiple regression approach to identify the determinants of financial security during the pandemic.FindingsOur findings show that factors such as satisfaction with the emerging income policy and financial resilience are positively related to perceived financial security. Financial anxiety, financial fragility and job loss in the pandemic are negatively related with perceived financial security.Research limitations/implicationsWhile our results correspond to a random probabilistic sample of women residing in southern Brazil, they may not be generalizable to Brazil as a whole.Practical implicationsThis study provides evidence of the financial situation in the pandemic for the lives of economically vulnerable women. The research encourages government and financial institutions to understand the unique challenges faced by vulnerable populations during the pandemic and analyzes the direct results of EA. The study contributes to the establishment of policies to support vulnerable populations, encouraging security and financial resilience.Originality/valueThis research is innovative in its analysis of women’s financial situations during the pandemic, taking into consideration both behavioral aspects and profiles. Our focus on a specific case of emergency income policy adds to the understanding of the relation of such policies on vulnerable populations.
Social enablers of Industry 4.0 technology adoption: transformational leadership and emotional intelligence
Authors: van Dun Desirée H. , Kumar Maneesh 
Published: May 2023

PurposeMany manufacturers are exploring adopting smart technologies in their operations, also referred to as the shift towards “Industry 4.0”. Employees' contribution to high-tech initiatives is key to successful Industry 4.0 technology adoption, but few studies have examined the determinants of employee acceptance. This study, therefore, aims to explore how managers affect employees' acceptance of Industry 4.0 technology, and, in turn, Industry 4.0 technology adoption.Design/methodology/approachRooted in the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology model and social exchange theory, this inductive research follows an in-depth comparative case study approach. The two studied Dutch manufacturing firms engaged in the adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies in their primary processes, including cyber-physical systems and augmented reality. A mix of qualitative methods was used, consisting of field visits and 14 semi-structured interviews with managers and frontline employees engaged in Industry 4.0 technology adoption.FindingsThe cross-case comparison introduces the manager's need to adopt a transformational leadership style for employees to accept Industry 4.0 technology adoption as an organisational-level factor that extends existing Industry 4.0 technology user acceptance theorising. Secondly, manager's and employee's recognition and serving of their own and others' emotions through emotional intelligence are proposed as an additional individual-level factor impacting employees' acceptance and use of Industry 4.0 technologies.Originality/valueSynthesising these insights with those from the domain of Organisational Behaviour, propositions were derived from theorising the social aspects of effective Industry 4.0 technology adoption.
Prevalence and characteristics of mental and physical disorders among female prisoners: a mixed-methods systematic review
Authors: Friestad Christine , Haukvik Unn Kristin , Johnsen Berit , Vatnar Solveig Karin 
Published: May 2023

Purpose
This study aims to provide an overview and quality appraisal of the current scientific evidence concerning the prevalence and characteristics of mental and physical disorders among sentenced female prisoners.

Design/methodology/approach
A mixed-methods systematic literature review.

Findings
A total of 4 reviews and 39 single studies met the inclusion criteria for the review. Mental disorders were the main area of investigation in the majority of single studies, with substance abuse, particularly drug abuse, as the most consistently gender biased disorder, with higher prevalence among women than men in prison. The review identified a lack of updated systematic evidence on the presence of multi-morbidity.

Originality/value
This study provides an up-to-date overview and quality appraisal of the current scientific evidence concerning the prevalence and characteristics of mental and physical disorders among female prisoners.
A learning trajectory planning for vibration suppression of industrial robot
Authors: Zou Yanbiao , Liu Tao , Zhang Tie , Chu Hubo 
Published: May 2023

Purpose
This paper aims to propose a learning exponential jerk trajectory planning to suppress the residual vibrations of industrial robots.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on finite impulse response filter technology, a step signal with a proper amplitude first passes through two linear filters and then performs exponential filter shaping to obtain an exponential jerk trajectory and cancel oscillation modal. An iterative learning strategy designed by gradient descent principle is used to adjust the parameters of exponential filter online and achieve the maximum vibration suppression effect.

Findings
By building a SCARA robot experiment platform, a series of contrast experiments are conducted. The results show that the proposed method can effectively suppress residual vibration compared to zero vibration shaper and zero vibration and derivative shaper.

Originality/value
The idea of the adopted iterative leaning strategy is simple and reduces the computing power of the controller. A cheap acceleration sensor is available because it just needs to measure vibration energy to feedback. Therefore, the proposed method can be applied to production practice.
Financial development, growth and productivity
Authors: Magazzino Cosimo , Santeramo Fabio Gaetano 
Published: May 2023

Purpose In this paper, the heterogeneity of the linkages among financial development, productivity and growth across income groups is emphasized.Design/methodology/approach An empirical analysis is conducted with an illustrative sample of 130 economies over the period 1991–2019 and classified into four subsamples: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), developing, least developed and net food importing developing countries. Forecast error variance decompositions and panel vector auto-regressive estimations are computed, with insightful findings.Findings Higher levels of output stimulate the economic development in the agricultural sector, mainly via the productivity channel and, in the most developed economies, also through access to credit. Differently, in developing and least developed economies, the role of access to credit is marginal. The findings have practical implications for stakeholders involved in the planning of long-run investments. In less developed economies, priorities should be given to investments in technology and innovation, whereas financial markets are more suited to boost the development of the agricultural sector of developed economies.Originality/value The authors conclude on the credit–output–productivity nexus and contribute to the literature in (at least) three ways. First, they assess how credit access, agricultural output and agricultural productivity are jointly determined. Second, they use a novel approach, which departs from most of the case studies based on single-country data. Third, they conclude on potential causality links to conclude on policy implications.
How resistance to change impairs innovation
Authors: Nowak Radoslaw M. 
Published: May 2023

PurposeThe study identifies the gap in the understanding of how employee resistance to change (RTC) could impact different stages of the process of innovation. To address this research gap, the paper introduces a new model, which theorizes three moderating effects of RTC on the different elements of absorptive capacity (ACAP).Design/methodology/approach This study empirically tests the proposed model, using survey data collected from healthcare organizations in the United States of America.FindingsFirst, the study reveals that RTC could damage the critical “connectedness” between potential absorptive capacity (PACAP) and realized absorptive capacity (RACAP), thus limiting the organization's ability to exploit new knowledge. Second, the findings also reveal that RTC can reduce the positive effect of acquisition (ACQ) on assimilation – the function responsible for decoding the meaning and for assimilating new valuable information incoming from the market.Research limitations/implicationsResearch limitations of this study are discussed further.Practical implicationsThe paper presents specific practical implications for managers.Social implicationstext.Originality/valueThis paper advances past research and practice by revealing two new mechanisms. When employees resist new changes initiated in the organizations, the resistance of employees will hinder the process of innovation in the following ways. (1) At the beginning of the process, employees can oppose and reject new valuable ideas incoming from the market. (2) At the stage of the implementation, such employees can engage in behavior that will weaken the organization's ability to successfully implement new process improvements that could otherwise increase organizational effectiveness.
Native palms and trees mediate drought impacts on dry neotropical pastures
Authors: Hernández‐Salmerón Ivan Raniero , Delconte Valentina , van Hoeflaken Jannes , Solorio‐Sánchez Francisco Javier , Holmgren Milena 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Dry forests are the most threatened biome across the global tropics. Despite their massive conversion into agricultural landscapes, local farmers often retain disperse trees and palms within grazing pastures. Understanding how on‐farm tree cover in the dry neotropics impacts the environmental and productive functions of pastures is key for biodiversity conservation and the development of climate‐resilient production systems.

We studied tree composition of 23 dry cattle pastures in Yucatan, Mexico. We assessed the effects of palms, N2−fixing trees and non‐N2‐fixing trees on microsite environmental conditions, bare soil cover and the performance of grasses and woody plants in their understory during the dry and wet seasons of 2018 and 2019.

We found that 45% of the total pool of tree species of the native dry forest is conserved in the pastures of Yucatan. Palms were the most abundant overstory functional group with a relative abundance of 45%, followed by N2‐fixing trees and non‐N2‐fixing trees with 33% and 22%.

Palms and trees ameliorated the impact of seasonal drought on grasses but slowed down their recovery during the wet season. Palms had overall higher positive effects on grass greenness and height than N2‐fixing trees and non‐N2‐fixing trees and these effects were higher during the driest season. Palms decreased bare soil less than trees. Shrubs and tree seedlings tended to increase in the understory of all functional groups as the canopies of palms and trees became denser.

Synthesis and applications. Climate warming and the alteration of precipitation regimes are expected to compromise pasture and cattle productivity worldwide. Our results show that fostering the maintenance of a diversity of native palms and trees has positive effects on the functioning of cattle pastures, especially during dry periods. A larger appreciation and understanding of the facilitative effects of remnant palms and trees on pastures during seasonal droughts may help developing more climate‐resilient livestock systems that maintain productivity during dry conditions while contributing also to tree biodiversity conservation.
Ballistic impact of hollow‐point ammunition on porcine bone
Authors: Watson Kayla E. , Henwood Bailey J. , Hewins Katherine , Roberts Andrew , Hazael Rachael 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIdentifying failure mechanisms in skeletal tissue allows a deeper understanding of the effects of specific projectile impacts on bone. While ballistic trauma in flat bones is largely researched, knowledge of how long bones react to gunshot impacts is limited in the literature. The impacts of deforming ammunition appear to produce higher levels of fragmentation; however, these have not been studied in depth. This study compares the damage to femora bone by HP 0.357 and 9 mm projectiles constructed with both full and semi‐metal jackets. Impact experiments were undertaken on a single‐stage light gas gun involving the use of a high‐speed video camera and full reconstruction of the bones to ascertain fracture patterns occurring in the femora. Higher degrees of fragmentation are likened to the presence of semi‐jacketed HP projectiles than jacketed HP projectiles. The observations of external facing beveled edges are believed to be associated with the increased separation of the jacket and lead core of projectiles. Additionally, experimentation has shown that the amount of kinetic energy lost postimpact is likely related to the presence or the absence of a metal jacket on an HP projectile. The observed data, therefore, suggest that the composition, rather than the configuration, of a projectile affects the type and extent of the damage.
Financial globalisation in ASEAN+3: Navigating the financial trilemma
Authors: Gopalan Sasidaran , Gupta Bhavya , Rajan Ramkishen S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper offers a critical narrative of the ASEAN+3 economies' tryst with financial globalisation over the last two decades, with a specific focus on the evolution of the region's internationalisation of the financial sector. By applying the ‘Financial Trilemma’ framework, we posit how the recent emergence of foreign fintech players, digital banks, and Big Techs in finance are promoting further de facto financial integration in the region whilst also simultaneously exacerbating financial stability concerns alongside posing other non‐financial risks to market integrity, consumer privacy, and data protection. The regulation of fintechs and Big Tech in finance introduces a different type of policy trilemma for regulators across three discrete policy objectives/outcomes, viz. financial stability/market integrity; market efficiency/competition; data privacy/consumer protection. We argue that this necessitates greater regional financial cooperation by the ASEAN+3 economies which inevitably requires regional financial regulators to be prepared to forsake a degree of sovereign autonomy over respective national financial policies and to stave off systemic risks arising from the interconnected nature of transnational digital banking conglomerates.
Too cold is better than too hot: Preferred temperatures and basking behaviour in a tropical freshwater turtle
Authors: Kidman Rosie A. , McKnight Donald T. , Schwarzkopf Lin , Nordberg Eric J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThermoregulation is critical to the survival of animals. Tropical environments can be particularly thermally challenging as they reach very high, even lethal, temperatures. The thermoregulatory responses of tropical freshwater turtles to these challenges are poorly known. One common thermoregulatory behaviour is diurnal basking, which, for many species, facilitates heat gain. Recently, however, a north‐eastern Australian population of Krefft's river turtles (Emydura macquarii krefftii) has been observed basking nocturnally, possibly to allow cooling. To test this, we determined the thermal preference (central 50% of temperatures selected) of E. m. krefftii in an aquatic thermal gradient in the laboratory. We then conducted a manipulative experiment to test the effects of water temperatures, both lower and higher than preferred temperature, on diurnal and nocturnal basking. The preferred temperature range fell between 25.3°C (±SD: 1.5) and 27.6°C (±1.4) during the day, and 25.3°C (±2.4) and 26.8°C (±2.5) at night. Based on this, we exposed turtles to three 24 h water temperature treatments (‘cool’ [23°C], ‘preferred’ [26°C] and ‘warm’ [29°C]) while air temperature remained constant at 26°C. Turtles basked more frequently and for longer periods during both the day and night when water temperatures were above their preferred range (the ‘warm’ treatment). This population frequently encounters aquatic temperatures above the preferred thermal range, and our results support the hypothesis that nocturnal basking is a mechanism for escaping unfavourably warm water. Targeted field studies would be a valuable next step in understanding the seasonal scope of this behaviour in a natural environment.
Invasion strategies ofCynodon dactylon: Competitive ability under low‐nutrient conditions
Authors: García Silvina , Guido Anaclara , Pezzani Fabiana , Lattanzi Fernando Alfredo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCynodon dactylonis one of the five most important invasive alien species worldwide. It is the invasive alien species with the broadest distribution range in Uruguay, and its expansion is frequently associated with disturbances. Since natural grasslands are facing processes of productive intensification,C. dactylonrepresents a threat as it could displace native species. However, the mechanisms that explain its invasion success remain unclear. The objective of this study was to analyse interspecific interactions under low nutrient conditions betweenC. dactylonand two species that are native to theCampograsslands in Uruguay. Specifically, we assessed differences in the components of competitive ability effects and responses (or tolerance) as possible mechanisms involved inC. dactyloninvasiveness. We performed a greenhouse experiment in pots with low‐nutrient substrate assessing pair‐wise interactions betweenC. dactylon,Mnesithea selloanaandPaspalum notatumplus control pots consisting of single individual of each species. The invasive species showed greater competitive ability than both native grasses, as it reduced their below and above‐biomass. Conversely, the size ofC. dactylonplants interacting with native species was similar to that of singleC. dactylonplants growing alone (controls). This reveals that the greater competitive ability of the invasive species was due to a greater tolerance to grow with neighbouring plants. The reason underlying this tolerance was a marked increase in biomass allocation towards stolons and leaves, at the expense of roots. Conversely, native species barely changed their shoot‐root allocation pattern when interacting with neighbours. Furthermore,C. dactyloninduced reproductive development solely when interacting with neighbours. Along with the fact that the potential growth rate of the invasive and native species was quite similar, these results suggest that sensitive and rapidly triggered shade avoidance responses could be one mechanism involved in the invasion success ofC. dactylon.
Claudin‐2 in hyperproliferative migrating keratinocytes and migration inhibition via siRNA knockdown
Authors: Telgenhoff Dale 
Published: May 2023

AbstractClaudin‐2 is a tight junction protein found in various tissues including the epidermis of the skin. Intracellular signalling via claudin‐2 may have an effect on cell proliferation and migration. While the role of claudin‐2 in the epidermis has not been established, here we show an increase in claudin‐2 expression in hyperproliferative archival skin samples. To further examine the role of claudin‐2 in cell migration we examined its expression in cultured keratinocytes and found it was increased in wound margins in an in vitro scratch test assay. We then used a claudin‐2 knockdown assay using small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) with a 77% transfection efficiency and decrease in claudin‐2 protein via Western blot analysis to examine cell migration, which was inhibited following claudin‐2 knockdown over a 5‐day period. Cells transfected with claudin‐2 siRNA also showed a decreased size compared to controls and a more diffuse staining pattern. Lastly we examined claudin‐2 expression in migrating keratinocytes by Western blot analysis and found a significant decrease in protein staining in scratch‐test assay cultures after 4 h, followed by a significant increase in claudin‐2 protein after 24 h. Taken together these results indicate a role for claudin‐2 signalling in proliferation and cell migration in the epidermis of the skin.
Time to acute general surgical review: a retrospective study in a tertiary referral centre
Authors: Chan Erick , Izwan Sara , Ng Justin , Swindon Daisy , Teng Roy , Wong Kok Sum (Chloe) , Cooper Michelle 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe Acute Surgical Unit (ASU) is a busy service receiving Emergency Department (ED) referrals for adult and paediatric general surgery care alongside trauma. The ASU model deviates from the traditional on‐call model and has been shown to improve efficiency and patient outcomes. The primary aim was to evaluate time to surgical review ED presentation and general surgical referral. Secondary aims were to assess referral numbers, pathology and demographics at our institution.MethodsA retrospective observational analysis was conducted on all referral times from the ED to the ASU between 1 April and 30 September 2022. Patient demographics, triage and referral times, and diagnoses were collected from the electronic medical record. Time between referral, review and surgical admission were calculated.ResultsA total of 2044 referrals were collected during the study period, and 1951 (95.45%) were included for analysis. Average time from ED presentation to surgical referral was 4 hours and 54 min with average time to surgical review from referral taking 40 min. On average, total time from ED presentation to surgical admission was 5 h and 34 min. Trauma Responds took 6 min to review. Colorectal pathology was the most commonly referred disease type.ConclusionThe ASU model is efficient and effective within our health service. Overall delays in surgical care may be external to the general surgery unit, or before the patient is made known to the surgical team. Analysis of time to surgical review is a key statistic in the delivery of acute surgical care.