bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceptions of inclusive language in the Spanish of the Southeast
Authors: Michnowicz Jim , Ronquest Rebecca , Armbrister Bailey , Chisholm Nick , Green Rebecca , Bull Lindsey , Elkins Anne 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study examines the perceptions of inclusive language among first- and second-generation Spanish speakers residing in North Carolina, USA, based on survey data collected from 337 speakers by undergraduates. The survey examines familiarity with innovative inclusive language forms (including -@, -x, and -e), as well as opinions about different forms (including standard morphology forms such as masculine default and noun doubling – i.e., chicos y chicas), and reported use of inclusive forms. A majority of participants expressed negative opinions of innovative forms, and very few reported actually using them in their speech. Acceptance varied based not only on participant social characteristics, but also on the morphology and the context in which the form is used. Exceptions to these trends, as well as the possible future development of inclusive language forms, receive additional attention. Research methodologies with undergraduates are also discussed.
The impact of traditional and interactive post-editing on Machine Translation User Experience, quality, and productivity
Authors: Briva-Iglesias Vicent , O’Brien Sharon , Cowan Benjamin R. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a user study with 15 professional translators in the English-Spanish combination. We present the concept of Machine Translation User Experience (MTUX) and compare the effects of traditional post-editing (TPE) and interactive post-editing (IPE) on MTUX, translation quality and productivity. Results suggest that translators prefer IPE to TPE because they are in control of the interaction in this new form of translator-computer interaction and feel more empowered in their interaction with Machine Translation. Productivity results also suggest that IPE may be an interesting alternative to TPE, given the fact that translators worked faster in IPE even though they had no experience in this new machine translation post-editing modality, but were already used to TPE.
Analysis of the virtual cathode and floating potential of a thermionic emissive probe operating in the space-charge-limited regime
Authors: Morales Crespo R , Muñoz-Serrano E , Tejero-del-Caz A 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper analyses by this and characterizes a thermionic emissive probe operating in both the temperature-limited current regime (T-region) and the space-charge-limited current regime (S-region) characterized by the formation of a virtual cathode. For this last case, we obtain the potential profile, the emitted current that overcomes the virtual cathode, as well as the thickness and depth of the potential well in front of the probe for different probe temperatures, plasma electron temperatures and neutral gas pressures. From these results, we obtain the I–V curves and the floating potential. Depending on the probe radius, when the floating potential is reached in the S-region, its value saturates, becoming almost independent of the probe temperature and the electron temperature.
Analytical modeling and doping optimization for enhanced analog performance in a Ge/Si interfaced nanowire MOSFET
Authors: Das Amit , Rewari Sonam , Kanaujia Binod Kumar , Deswal S S , Gupta R S 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper critically investigates the effect of doping on different device characteristics of a Ge/Si interfaced nanowire MOSFET (GSI-NWM) for analog performance enhancement. The doping of source, channel, and drain has a prominent effect on important device characteristics, which has been investigated through DC and AC analysis performed on the SILVACO TCAD simulator. A numerical computational-based simulation study has been used to investigate the modulation of various device characteristics, such as threshold voltage, cut-off frequency, subthreshold swing, MTPG, current ratio, channel resistance, and transconductance. The investigation revealed a strong dependence of most of these characteristics on the source, channel, and drain doping levels, providing valuable insights into device performance. Proper optimization in doping can significantly improve the performance of the device. A compact physics-based analytical model has been mathematically evaluated and proposed in this work, showing an excellent in-line agreement with the simulated results. This is a novel approach for improving the analog performance parameters of a nanowire MOSFET through doping optimization, which incorporates gate oxide stacking and germanium as a source material. In this work, the biosensing capability of the GSI-NWM has also been discussed and evaluated.
Sol-Gel growth of zinc oxide particles on graphene sheets for mode-locking in Thulium/Holmium-doped fiber laser
Authors: Ahmad Harith , Loganathan Kirubhashni , Yusoff Norazriena 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This work used Graphene/Zinc Oxide (G/ZnO) nanocomposite to generate mode-locked pulses in Thulium/Holmium-doped fiber (THDF). The sol-gel method was used to synthesize the ZnO particles decorated graphene sheets. The G/ZnO nanocomposite solution was deposited onto the arc-shaped fiber that had been fabricated to act as the saturable absorber (SA) device. The nonlinear optical response of G/ZnO-based SA was investigated via the twin detection approach, in which it exhibits a modulation depth of 14.11% and a saturation intensity of 4.23 MW cm−2. After incorporating the fabricated SA into the THDF laser cavity, mode-locked pulses were produced at a threshold pump power of 274.3 mW with a center wavelength of 1895.11 nm, fundamental frequency of 11.82 MHz, and a pulse duration of 1.7 ps. The maximum average output power and single pulse energy were determined to be 1.39 mW and 117 pJ, respectively. The mode-locked pulses generated were exceptionally stable, giving a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 58.2 dB. According to the findings of the current research, it is anticipated that the G/ZnO-arc-shaped fiber-based SA has the potential to produce stable mode-locked lasers in the 2.0 μm region.
Few-body model approach to the lowest bound S-state of non-symmetric exotic atoms and ions
Authors: Khan Md Abdul , Hasan Mahamadun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Lowest bound S-state energy of Coulombic three-body systems (N

Z+
μ
−
e
−) consisting of a positively charged nucleus of charge number Z (N

Z+), a negatively charged muon (μ
−) and an electron (e
−), is investigated in the framework of few-body (i.e., two- and three-body) cluster model approach. For the three-body cluster model, we adopted the hyperspherical harmonics expansion (HHE) method. An approximated two-body model calculation is also performed for all the three-body systems considered here. A Yukawa-type screened Coulomb potential with an arbitrary screening parameter (λ) is chosen for the two-body subsystems of the three-body system. In the resulting Schrödinger equation (SE), the three-body relative wave function is expanded in the complete set of hyperspherical harmonics (HH). The use of the orthonormality of HH in the SE leads to a set of coupled differential equations (CDEs) which are solved numerically for a manageable basis size to get the energy (E). The pattern of convergence in energy relative to increasing basis size is also investigated. Results are compared with some of those found in the literature.
Strange quark mass (m

s
) dependent model of anisotropic strange quark star*
Authors: Hakim A. , Goswami K.B. , Chattopadhyay P.K. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This article presents the configuration of strange quark stars in hydrostatic equilibrium considering the Vaidya-Tikekar metric ansatz. The interior of such stars comprises strange quark matter (henceforth SQM), whose equation of state (

) is described by the MIT EoS

, where B is the difference between perturbative and non-perturbative vacuum. We have included the mass of the strange quark

into the EoS and studied its effect on the overall properties of the strange quark star in this work. It is observed that the maximum mass reaches its highest value when

. We have evaluated the range of the maximum mass of the strange quark star by solving the TOV equation for

necessary for stable strange quark matter at a zero external pressure condition with respect to neutrons. Maximum mass lies within the range of

to

when B ranges from

to

and

. It is noted that the maximum mass decreases with an increase in

. Our model is found suitable for describing the mass of pulsars such as PSR J1614-2230 and Vela X-1 and the secondary objects in the GW170817 event. The model is also useful in predicting the radius of the recently observed pulsars PSR J0030+0451, PSR J0740+6620, and PSR J0952-0607 and the secondary objects in the GW170817 and GW190814 events. Our model is found to be stable with respect to all stability criteria of the stellar configurations and is also stable with respect to small perturbations.
Effect of urbanization on gust wind speed in summer over an urban area in Eastern China
Authors: Liu Gang , Wang Xueyuan , Wu Qigang , Fang Dexian , Wu Zheng , Liu Hongnian , Lyu Mengyao 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Previous studies have extensively examined effects of urbanization on mean wind speed, but few studies were aimed at gust wind speed, while large wind gust could cause safety and economic hazard to a variety of activities. In this study, the effect of urbanization on the gust wind speed in Nanjing, China is assessed using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model with a parameterization of the gust wind speed. The WRF simulations are run for the summer period of 2013 with the underlying surface before and after the urbanization. The results indicate that although the mean wind speed is reduced, the gust wind speed in the urban areas is increased significantly due to the enhanced friction velocity and less atmospheric stability induced by the urbanization, while the contribution of deep convection is relatively small. The gust wind speed increases more in the nighttime (0.6–0.9 m s−1) than in the daytime (less than 0.3 m s−1), since the turbulence is enhanced more in the nighttime than in the daytime after the urbanization. The probability distribution shows that the increase of gust wind speed is mainly between 0.0–0.5 m s−1 in the urban areas. In different urban land categories, the increase of the gust wind speed is larger in the commercial or industrial areas than in high-intensity and low-intensity residential urban areas. Averagely, the gust wind speed in the entire city after the urbanization increases by 0.02, 0.36 and 0.19 m s−1 for the daytime, nighttime and daily mean, respectively.
All-laser route for anti-fouling superhydrophobic albronze fabrication and non-contact microbial detection
Authors: Fan Lisha , Zhao Tianzhen , Qian Qiangqiang , Zhu Yuying , Wu Guolong , Wu Huaping , Guo Lianbo , Yao Jianhua 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Biofouling leading to clog is one of the severe issues underwater valve components are facing today. Establishing a superhydrophobic barrier against microorganisms for underwater albronze components is hence of great significance. We demonstrate an all-laser route for superhydrophobic albronze surface fabrication and non-contact microbial diagnostics. Laser-textured albronze surfaces with well-defined periodic valleys and crests exhibit excellent superhydrophobicity with a contact angle up to 151 ± 1° and a contact angle hysteresis of 0.9 ± 0.1°, more than twice that of an original albronze surface (66 ± 2°). The theoretical wettability diagram of water droplets on laser-textured albronze surfaces shows that the surface wettability transits from hydrophilicity towards hydrophobicity as the surface undulation level elevated, matching well with the experimental observation. According to surface chemistry analysis, carbonyl groups on the albronze surfaces are extensively eliminated by laser texturing and vacuum heating treatment, which contributes to the wettability transformation. The anti-fouling performance of the laser-textured albronze surfaces was comparatively studied in chalk ash aqueous solution, starch solution, and microbial suspension, respectively. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy was applied for non-contact microbial diagnostics. Greatly enhanced resistance to biofouling on laser-textured albronze surfaces was confirmed. An all-laser route for anti-fouling superhydrophobic albronze surface fabrication and non-contact microbial diagnostics show great promise for next-generation underwater equipment upgrade and on-site monitoring.
Effect of environmental screening and strain on optoelectronic properties of two-dimensional quantum defects
Authors: Zhang Shimin , Li Kejun , Guo Chunhao , Ping Yuan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Point defects in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) are promising candidates as single-photon emitters (SPEs) in nanophotonics and quantum information applications. The precise control of SPEs requires in-depth understanding of their optoelectronic properties. However, how the surrounding environment of host materials, including the number of layers, substrates, and strain, influences SPEs has not been fully understood. In this work, we study the dielectric screening effect due to the number of layers and substrates, and the strain effect on the optical properties of carbon dimer and nitrogen vacancy defects in hBN from first-principles many-body perturbation theory. We report that environmental screening causes a lowering of the quasiparticle gap and exciton binding energy, leading to nearly constant optical excitation energy and exciton radiative lifetime. We explain the results with an analytical model starting from the Bethe–Salpeter equation Hamiltonian with Wannier basis. We also show that optical properties of quantum defects are largely tunable by strain with highly anisotropic response, in good agreement with experimental measurements. Our work clarifies the effect of environmental screening and strain on optoelectronic properties of quantum defects in two-dimensional insulators, facilitating future applications of SPEs and spin qubits in low-dimensional systems.
Room-temperature degradation of o-xylene in simulated air using an online-regenerable plasma-catalysis reactor with low amounts of nanosized noble metals on Co3O4
Authors: DI Shucheng , XU Jiacheng , YAO Shuiliang , LI Jing , WU Zuliang , GAO Erhao , ZHU Jiali , DAI Lianxin , LIU Weihua , ZHANG Buhe , ZHANG Junwei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The plasma catalytic degradation of o-xylene in simulated air was improved by loading low amounts of Pt, Pd, or Au onto Co3O4. At room temperature, o-xylene conversion and CO
x
selectivity using a 0.1 wt% Pt/Co3O4 catalyst reached 98.9% and 80%, and the energy efficiency was at the top level in comparison with values in the literature. A stable o-xylene degradation performance could be obtained by online regenerating the heat-insulated reactor with a high energy density. After characterization, it was found that the loading of nanosized Pt not only increased the Co3+/Co2+ ratio, where the Co3+ benefitted the formation of reactive oxygen species, but also conduced Pt0 to oxygen activation, resulting in effective promotion of complete o-xylene oxidation. Operando plasma diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy demonstrated the complete o-xylene oxidation and proved that Pt played a key role in the complete oxidation of o-xylene.
Effect of different process conditions on the physicochemical and antimicrobial properties of plasma-activated water
Authors: CAI Zhicheng , WANG Jiamei , WANG Yuanyuan , SANG Xiaohan , ZENG Lixian , DENG Wentao , ZHANG Jianhao 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The physicochemical properties of plasma-activated water (PAW) generated under different process conditions were investigated, and their changes under different storage conditions were also studied. The results showed that increasing the processing time and power, and decreasing generated water volume, could cause an increase in the redox potential, conductivity, and temperature of PAW, and a decrease in its pH. A slower dissipation of the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in PAW was found on storage at 4 °C in a sealed conical flask than on storage at room temperature. The inactivation ability of plasma-activated lactic acid (LA) to Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) was higher than that of PAW or LA alone under the same experimental conditions. The results of this study may provide theoretical information for the application of PAW as a potential antimicrobial agent in the future.
A new global coupled atmosphere-ocean wavenumber-4 pattern in Southern mid–latitudes during austral summer and its climate linkage
Authors: Yu Lejiang , Zhong Shiyuan , Sui Cuijuan , Sun Bo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A new pattern referred to as the coupled ocean-atmosphere wavenumber-4 (COAW4) pattern has been identified in the Southern mid-latitudes during austral summer. This pattern consists of a wavenumber-4 pattern in the anomalous 200-hPa meridional wind and a wavenumber-4 pattern of the anomalous sea surface temperature (SST). The SST component of the COAW4 pattern, which includes the Indian Ocean Subtropical Dipole (IOSD), the South Atlantic Subtropical Dipole (SASD) and the South Pacific Subtropical Dipole (SPSD), develops through air-sea interactions involving surface turbulent heat flux, surface wind, and ocean mixed-layer depth. The atmospheric component displays a barotropic structure. The sources for COAW4 pattern include not only the wavenumber-4 pattern of the anomalous SST over Southern oceans, but also the anomalous convective activities over Southern land areas. The COAW4 pattern is associated with increased precipitation over land in southern mid-latitudes, particularly in central Australia. Furthermore, the COAW4 pattern is linked to Antarctic sea ice cover in the Weddell, Amundsen, and northern Ross Seas. Plain language summary In the southern mid-latitudes, there exists a wavenumber 4 pattern in the anomalous 200-hPa meridional wind and a wavenumber-4 pattern of the anomalous sea surface temperature (SST). Previous studies have examined the two wavenumber-4 patterns separately, but their potential linkage remains largely unknown. Through statistical analyses of SST and atmospheric global data, we demonstrated that the two wavenumber 4 patterns could be integrated into a coupled ocean-atmosphere wavenumber-4 (COAW4) pattern in Southern mid-latitudes in austral summer. Additionally, we have investigated the sources of this pattern as well as its effect on precipitation over southern lands and on Antarctic sea ice.
Advances in 3D printing scaffolds for peripheral nerve and spinal cord injury repair
Authors: Song Juqing , Lv Baiheng , Chen Wencong , Ding Peng , He Yong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBecause of the complex nerve anatomy and limited regeneration ability of natural tissue, the current treatment effect for long-distance peripheral nerve regeneration and spinal cord injury (SCI) repair is not satisfactory. As an alternative method, tissue engineering is a promising method to regenerate peripheral nerve and spinal cord, and can provide structures and functions similar to natural tissues through scaffold materials and seed cells. Recently, the rapid development of 3D printing technology enables researchers to create novel 3D constructs with sophisticated structures and diverse functions to achieve high bionics of structures and functions. In this review, we first outlined the anatomy of peripheral nerve and spinal cord, as well as the current treatment strategies for the peripheral nerve injury and SCI in clinical. After that, the design considerations of peripheral nerve and spinal cord tissue engineering were discussed, and various 3D printing technologies applicable to neural tissue engineering were elaborated, including inkjet, extrusion-based, stereolithography, projection-based, and emerging printing technologies. Finally, we focused on the application of 3D printing technology in peripheral nerve regeneration and spinal cord repair, as well as the challenges and prospects in this research field.
Unilingualism and Unibilingualism in Colombia
Authors: Roux Guillaume , Soler Millán Germana Carolina 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In its language policy and planning (LPP), Colombia offers ethnoeducation for ethnic groups, with Spanish as a second language, and for the protection/revitalization of native languages. However, these LPP measures are insufficiently implemented. Meanwhile, with regard to foreign languages, LPP have specifically advocated a Spanish-English bilingualism emphasized since the early 2000s. What then favours English to the detriment of native languages? The objective of this research is to reveal what is hidden behind this LPP through a Critical Discourse Analysis of official documents. The elements brought to light show unilingualism and unibilingualism ideologies that discriminate against native languages, and value the linguistic imperialism of English.
The Effects of CLIL and Sources of Individual Differences on Receptive and Productive EFL Skills at the Onset of Primary School
Authors: Soto-Corominas Adriana , Roquet Helena , Segura Marta 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Research on the implementation of CLIL at the onset of primary school is limited and has largely overlooked the role of other sources of individual differences. This study investigated the effects of the CLIL approach to English learning, together with the effects of out-of-school exposure to the language through media and other sources of individual differences, in a sample of Grade 1 students in Catalonia (Spain) using a longitudinal design. Participants (N = 176) from 14 different schools completed a test battery at the beginning and end of Grade 1 that assessed receptive and productive English skills. Results revealed that abilities at the onset of Grade 1 were the best predictor of abilities at the end of the year, and that CLIL was not associated with additional advantages in the students that followed the approach. In addition, certain characteristics of the linguistic and family background of participants predicted additional gains during the academic year: participants who engaged in more English extracurricular activities and participants with more educated mothers performed better at the end of Grade 1.