bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of emission and service constraint for an imperfect production system under two level Hamiltonian
Authors: Das Subhajit , Ali Hachen , Shaikh Ali Akbar , Bhunia Asoke Kumar 
Published: May 2023

AbstractConsidering the impact of emission on environment, over the last few decades, reduction of emission during production process (or emission free production process) appears to be one of the most growing preferences for every manufacturing firm. Again, manufacturing companies of different products are bounded to offer various facilities to their consumers in order to survive in the current highly competitive market situation. Primarily considering these two factors taken in to account, this study addresses an imperfect manufacturing inventory model in which customers' demand increases linearly w. r. to emission reduction level, service level from the manufacturer and decreases nonlinearly w. r. to price of the items. The analytical expressions of production rates, emission levels and service levels are derived by solving a number of optimum control problems using Hamiltonian maximum principle with a values for the business period and selling price. The basic goal is to maximize the average profit of the system. In addition, a number of numerical examples are considered to elaborate four distinct instances involved in the proposed model and these are solved numerically using teaching learning based optimization algorithm. Finally, sensitivity experiment is performed to investigate the influence of various system factors on the best‐found policies. The sensitivity analysis indicates that service rate provided by the manufacturer and selling price of the items impose a huge impact on the average profit of the system. Further, the carbon reduction affects the revenue of the system less significantly.
Genetic Underpinnings and Audiological Characteristics in Children With Unilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Lee Chen‐Yu , Lin Pei‐Hsuan , Chiang Yu‐Ting , Tsai Cheng‐Yu , Yang Shu‐Yu , Chen You‐Mei , Li Chao‐Hsuan , Lu Chun‐Yi , Liu Tien‐Chen , Hsu Chuan‐Jen , Chen Pei‐Lung , Hsu Jacob Shujui , Wu Chen‐Chi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveUnilateral sensorineural hearing loss (USNHL) is a condition commonly encountered in otolaryngology clinics. However, its molecular pathogenesis remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the genetic underpinnings of childhood USNHL and analyze the associated audiological features.Study DesignRetrospective analysis of a prospectively recruited cohort.SettingTertiary referral center.MethodsWe enrolled 38 children with USNHL between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2021, and performed physical, audiological, imaging, and congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) examinations as well as genetic testing using next‐generation sequencing (NGS) targeting 30 deafness genes. The audiological results were compared across different etiologies.ResultsCausative genetic variants were identified in 8 (21.1%) patients, including 5 with GJB2 variants, 2 with PAX3 variants, and 1 with the EDNRB variant. GJB2 variants were found to be associated with mild‐to‐moderate USNHL in various audiogram configurations, whereas PAX3 and EDNRB variants were associated with profound USNHL in flat audiogram configurations. In addition, whole‐genome sequencing and extended NGS targeting 213 deafness genes were performed in 2 multiplex families compatible with autosomal recessive inheritance; yet no definite causative variants were identified. Cochlear nerve deficiency and cCMV infection were observed in 9 and 2, respectively, patients without definite genetic diagnoses.ConclusionGenetic underpinnings can contribute to approximately 20% of childhood USNHL, and different genotypes are associated with various audiological features. These findings highlight the utility of genetic examinations in guiding the diagnosis, counseling, and treatment of USNHL in children.
Auditory and Vestibular Symptom Improvement With Surgery for Superior Canal Dehiscence Syndrome
Authors: Suresh Krish , Garcia Alejandro , Bartholomew Ryan A. , Song Yohan , Lee Daniel J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjective(1) To measure the change in auditory and vestibular symptoms following superior canal dehiscence (SCD) surgery, and (2) to determine differences in clinical features and surgical outcomes between superior canal dehiscence syndrome (SCDS) patients with primarily auditory or vestibular complaints.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingSingle surgeon series at the tertiary academic medical center from 2002 to 2021.MethodsRetrospective review of SCDS patients who underwent surgical repair. (1) Patients were administered a standardized symptom questionnaire at preoperative and follow‐up visits, and results were compared with paired statistical testing. (2) Patients were divided into 2 cohorts based on either auditory or vestibular chief complaint and differences in demographic, clinical, and outcome variables were examined.ResultsOur study included 113 patients with 118 operated ears. Twenty‐seven patients (24%) had radiographic bilateral dehiscence. 10/11 auditory symptoms (91%) and 5/8 vestibular symptoms (63%) solicited on the questionnaire improved significantly with surgery, except for nonpulsatile tinnitus, sense of imbalance, positional dizziness, and oscillopsia. Analyses stratified by chief complaint (auditory vs vestibular) revealed overall similar characteristics and surgical outcomes. Patients with chief vestibular complaints underwent surgery at an earlier age (45.5 vs 53.9 years, p < 0.05).ConclusionSCD surgery alleviates a wide range of auditory and vestibular symptoms. Overall, we did not find significant differences between patients with chief auditory versus vestibular complaints, and both groups benefited from surgery. Symptoms are not directly linked to third‐window physiology and certain vestibular symptoms may be more likely to persist. Bilateral dehiscence may play an important role in persistent symptoms as well.
Effect of alkali treated groundnut shell powder in the basalt fiber reinforced polyethylene hybrid composites: A sustainable approach towards green composites
Authors: Kumar Piyush , Maiti Tushar Kanti , Maurya Atul Kumar , Adwani Priyank 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWith the widespread use of natural polymers in composites, advances in mechanical, thermal, and thermomechanical characteristics have become necessary. This study explores, the hybridizing effect of alkali‐treated groundnut shell powder (T‐GSP) to the basalt fiber (BF) reinforced linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE) composites in different weight fractions. Twin screw extrusion machines were used to mix fresh LLDPE matrix with various weight fractions of T‐GSP particles (0, 5, 10, and 15 wt%) and 20 wt% of fresh BF. It has been found to be that adding up to 15 wt% of T‐GSP with 20 wt% of fresh basalt fibers in the LLDPE matrix produced better results in the mechanical, thermal, and thermomechanical properties of the hybrid composites. FE‐SEM analysis was performed on the tensile fracture surfaces of the hybrid composites to determine the effect of the T‐GSP particles on the wettability and interfacial adhesion of the fiber and the LLDPE matrix. Likewise, mechanical properties of 15 wt% of T‐GSP with 20 wt% of BF hybrid composite reported an increment of 76.39% and 397.05% in tensile strength and modulus, 230.88% and 324.70% in flexural strength and modulus. Also, a decrement of 14.32% in impact strength of the hybrid composites was reported compared to fresh LLDPE polymer. Shore D hardness testing recorded a 27% increment in hardness, while TGA and DSC reported a reduction in degradation temperature and an increment in crystallization and melting temperature of the fabricated composites. dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) shows an increment in the glass transition temperature of all the composites.
Daily loneliness and social media use: The role of fear of missing out
Authors: Li Chengjin , Wang Moran , Li Yongjuan , Xu Yaoshan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study explored the effect of daily loneliness on social media use and the mediating role of fear of missing out (FoMO). A total of 106 college students participated in a 2‐week experience sampling study, yielding 1194 data points. The results showed that daily loneliness predicted social media use via FoMO.
Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry adduct formation by mobile phase additives: A case study using nitrile functional groups containing selective androgen receptor modulators
Authors: Karatt Tajudheen Kunhamu , Muhammed Ajeebsanu Meleparappil , Karakka Kal Abdul Khader , Subhahar Michael Benedict , Sathiq Mohamedkhani Anwar , Laya Saraswathy 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRationaleThe formation of mass adducts is common during electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS). However, the mechanism that leads to adduct formation is poorly understood and difficult to control. Multiplication of mass adducts at once will adversely impact the sensitivity of mass analysis and cause misinterpretation of the level of detection. Prior studies on selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) revealed an immense mass adduct formation in both positive and negative ESI modes.MethodsIn this study, additives in the mobile phases are investigated as a potential means of controlling mass adduct formation in various SARMs.ResultsThe first evidence of chloride adduct formation when SARMs are detected via ESI‐MS has been reported in this research. A series of mobile phase combinations were tested to achieve the optimal condition for HPLC–MS. A comparison was also made between adduct formation on various grades of water used for preparing the mobile phase. A validation study using equine urine and plasma was also conducted to assess the suitability of the developed method.ConclusionThe results of this study will allow for a more accurate identification of SARMs, which will make it easier to investigate their illicit use in horse racing.
Matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging sample preparation using wet‐interface matrix deposition for lipid analysis
Authors: Mielczarek Przemysław , Suder Piotr , Kret Paulina , Słowik Tymoteusz , Gibuła‐Tarłowska Ewa , Kotlińska Jolanta Helena , Kotsan Igor , Bodzon‐Kulakowska Anna 
Published: May 2023

RationaleSample preparation is one of the most crucial steps for matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI‐MSI). Scientists beginning their study with this technique may be overwhelmed by the variety of matrices, solvents, and concentrations; the methods of their applications; and the lack of widely available knowledge of the effect of these parameters on the results. Here we present in depth the aspects of matrix deposition, which will be helpful for the scientific community.MethodsIn this study, we tested several MALDI matrices, such as 2,5‐dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB), norharmane, N‐(1‐naphthyl)ethylenediamine dihydrochloride (NEDC), and 9‐aminoacridine (9AA), using the SunCollect system: wet‐interface matrix deposition in the context of lipid analysis. We optimized the number of matrix layers and nozzle settings in terms of spectral intensity and the overall quality of the obtained ion maps.ResultsOur research presents the effect of the number of matrix layers and nozzle settings on the results and allows for choosing the optimal parameters for the analyses. In positive ionization mode, DHB matrix could be chosen first. In the negative ionization mode, 1,5‐diaminonaphthalene matrix produces a higher peak intensity in a lower mass range and seems to provide more information than 9AA. We recommend NEDC for particular processes such as glucose analysis. Compared to the remaining matrices, norharmane shows significant changes in the obtained ion maps.ConclusionsSuch a large amount of data allow us to observe an interesting conclusion: the obtained ion image for a particular ion could differ dramatically with a change in the matrix, the solvent composition, or even the number of matrix layers. This must be considered when interpreting the result, impelling us to compare the results obtained with different matrices with caution.
Ecogeomorphic interactions of Russian olives (Elaeagnus angustifolia) and point‐bar morphology along Powder River, Montana, USA
Authors: Moody John A. , Schook Derek M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPoint bars are crucial alluvial features that help sustain meandering river ecosystems. They are influenced by interactions among physical processes and biological components, such as riparian vegetation. Understanding the mechanisms underlying these interactions can inform management decisions. The meandering Powder River in southeastern Montana, USA, provides a valuable study system for fluvial interactions because it has no major human alterations. Riparian stands of non‐native Russian olive trees (Elaeagnus angustifolia) became noticeable after ~50‐year flood in 1978. Fortuitously, 20 channel cross‐sections had been established in 1975 and 1977 and have been surveyed periodically ever since. This temporally extensive dataset was coupled with a spatially extensive dataset of 85 point‐bar cross‐sections derived from high‐resolution LiDAR that enabled evaluation of interactions between Russian olives and point‐bar morphology through time and space. Based on published literature and field observations, we hypothesised that an increase in the width of Russian olive stands would result in (1) a decrease in the overall point‐bar slope, (2) an increase in point‐bar heights and (3) in point‐bar toe‐slopes. The results indicated that point‐bar slopes did decrease with an increase in stand width, supporting the first hypothesis (R2 = 0.87). However, point‐bar heights decreased with an increase in stand width (R2 = 0.63), contradicting the second hypothesis and there was no relation between point‐bar toe‐slopes and stand width (R2 < 0.1). The reverse hypothesis that point‐bar morphology controls Russian olive stand widths makes more biophysical sense. Thus, Russian olive stand width increases as the point‐bar slope and height decrease (R2 = 0.79 and 0.50), which provide a greater area of inundation for colonisation. This study demonstrates that geomorphology is controlling non‐native vegetation colonisation along Powder River, but that the subsequent stabilisation associated with Russian oliveexpansion may in turn upset the critical geomorphic balance between bank erosion and point‐bar aggradation necessary for a stable meandering system.
Dual‐Wave Acoustofluidic Centrifuge for Ultrafast Concentration of Nanoparticles and Extracellular Vesicles
Authors: Dumčius Povilas , Mikhaylov Roman , Zhang Xiaoyan , Bareford Matthew , Stringer Mercedes , Errington Rachel , Sun Chao , Gonzalez Esperanza , Krukovski Tomaš , Falcon‐Perez Juan M , Liang Dongfang , Fu Yong‐Qing , Clayton Aled , Yang Xin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted nanostructures that play various roles in critical cancer processes. They operate as an intercellular communication system, transferring complex sets of biomolecules from cell to cell. The concentration of EVs is difficult to decipher, and there is an unmet technological need for improved (faster, simpler, and gentler) approaches to isolate EVs from complex matrices. Herein, an acoustofluidic concentration of extracellular vesicles (ACEV) is presented, based on a thin‐film printed circuit board with interdigital electrodes mounted on a piezoelectric substrate. An angle of 120° is identified between the electrodes and the reference flat of the piezoelectric substrate for simultaneous generation of Rayleigh and shear horizontal waves. The dual waves create a complex acoustic field in a droplet, resulting in effective concentration of nanoparticles and EVs. The ACEV is able to concentrate 20 nm nanospheres within 105 s and four EV dilutions derived from the human prostate cancer (Du145) cell line in approximately 30 s. Cryo‐electron microscopy confirmed the preservation of EV integrity. The ACEV device holds great potential to revolutionize investigations of EVs. Its faster, simpler, and gentler approach to EV isolation and concentration can save time and effort in phenotypic and functional studies of EVs.
An Overview of Nanoparticle Protein Corona Literature
Authors: Hajipour Mohammad J. , Safavi‐Sohi Reihaneh , Sharifi Shahriar , Mahmoud Nouf , Ashkarran Ali Akbar , Voke Elizabeth , Serpooshan Vahid , Ramezankhani Milad , Milani Abbas S. , Landry Markita P. , Mahmoudi Morteza 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe protein corona forms spontaneously on nanoparticle surfaces when nanomaterials are introduced into any biological system/fluid. Reliable characterization of the protein corona is, therefore, a vital step in the development of safe and efficient diagnostic and therapeutic nanomedicine products. 2134 published manuscripts on the protein corona are reviewed and a down‐selection of 470 papers spanning 2000–2021, comprising 1702 nanoparticle (NP) systems is analyzed. This analysis reveals: i) most corona studies have been conducted on metal and metal oxide nanoparticles; ii) despite their overwhelming presence in clinical practice, lipid‐based NPs are underrepresented in protein corona research, iii) studies use new methods to improve reliability and reproducibility in protein corona research; iv) studies use more specific protein sources toward personalized medicine; and v) careful characterization of nanoparticles after corona formation is imperative to minimize the role of aggregation and protein contamination on corona outcomes. As nanoparticles used in biomedicine become increasingly prevalent and biochemically complex, the field of protein corona research will need to focus on developing analytical approaches and characterization techniques appropriate for each unique nanoparticle formulation. Achieving such characterization of the nano‐bio interface of nanobiotechnologies will enable more seamless development and safe implementation of nanoparticles in medicine.
Late‐life onset psychotic symptoms and incident cognitive impairment in people without dementia: Modification by genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Creese Byron , Arathimos Ryan , Aarsland Dag , Ballard Clive , Brooker Helen , Hampshire Adam , Corbett Anne , Ismail Zahinoor 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionLate‐life onset psychosis is associated with faster progression to dementia in cognitively normal people, but little is known about its relationship with cognitive impairment in advance of dementia.MethodsClinical and genetic data from 2750 people ≥50 years of age without dementia were analyzed. Incident cognitive impairment was operationalized using the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE) and psychosis was rated using the Mild Behavioral Impairment Checklist (henceforth MBI‐psychosis). The whole sample was analyzed before stratification on apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 status.ResultsIn Cox proportional hazards models, MBI‐psychosis had a higher hazard for cognitive impairment relative to the No Psychosis group (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.6, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.2–6, p < 0.0001). The hazard for MBI‐psychosis was higher in APOE ε4 carriers and there was an interaction between the two (HR for interaction: 3.4, 95% CI: 1.2–9.8, p = 0.02).DiscussionPsychosis assessment in the MBI framework is associated with incident cognitive impairment in advance of dementia. These symptoms may be particularly important in the context of APOE genotype.
Near‐complete genome of SARS‐CoV‐2 Delta variant of concern identified in a symptomatic dog (Canis lupus familiaris) in Botswana
Authors: Choga Wonderful T. , Letsholo Samantha L. , Marobela‐Raborokgwe Chandapiwa , Gobe Irene , Mazwiduma Mbatshi , Maruapula Dorcas , Rukwava John , Binta Mary Gorettie , Zuze Boitumelo J. L , Koopile Legodile , Seru Kedumetse , Motshosi Patience , Bareng Ontlametse Thato , Radibe Botshelo , Smith‐Lawrence Pamela , Macheke Kutlo , Kuate‐Lere Lesego , Motswaledi Modisa S. , Mbulawa Mpaphi B. , Matshaba Mogomotsi , Masupu Kereng V. , Lockman Shahin , Shapiro Roger , Makhema Joseph , Mosepele Mosepele , Gaseitsiwe Simani , Moyo Sikhulile 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe sought to investigate whether SARS‐CoV‐2 was present, and to perform full‐length genomic sequencing, in a 5‐year‐old male crossbreed dog from Gaborone, Botswana that presented overt clinical signs (flu‐like symptoms, dry hacking cough and mild dyspnoea). It was only sampled a posteriori, because three adult owners were diagnosed with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.Next‐generation sequencing based on Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) was performed on amplicons that were generated using a reverse transcriptase real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) of confirmed positive SARS‐CoV‐2 nasopharyngeal and buccal swabs, as well as a bronchoalveolar lavage with mean real cycle threshold (qCt) value of 36 based on the Nucleocapsid (N) gene. Descriptive comparisons to known sequences in Botswana and internationally were made using mutation profiling analysis and phylogenetic inferences. Human samples were not available.A near‐full length SARS‐CoV‐2 genome (∼90% coverage) was successfully genotyped and classified under clade 20 O and Pango‐Lineage AY.43 (Pango v.4.0.6 PLEARN‐v1.3; 2022‐04‐21), which is a sublineage of the Delta variant of concern (VOC) (formerly called B.1.617.2, first detected in India). We did not identify novel mutations that may be used to distinguish SARS‐CoV‐2 isolates from the dog and humans. In addition to Spike (S) region mutation profiling, we performed phylogenetic analysis including 30 Delta sequences publicly available reference also isolated from dogs. In addition, we performed another exploratory analysis to investigate the phylogenetic relatedness of sequence isolated from dog with those from humans in Botswana (n = 1303) as of 31 March 2022 and of same sublineage. Expectedly, the sequence formed a cluster with Delta sublineages – AY.43, AY.116 and B.1.617.2 – circulating in same time frame.This is the first documented report of human‐associated SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in a dog in Botswana. Although the direction of transmission remains unknown, this study further affirms the need for monitoring pets during different COVID‐19 waves for possible clinically relevant SARS‐CoV‐2 transmissions between species.
We're making a list and we're checking it twice, gonna find out what makes digital forensic examiners suffice
Authors: Morris Sarah , Hadgkiss Melissa , David Anne , Guinness John , Frewin Charles 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDigital forensic examinations have grown in breadth and depth at a currently unsustainable rate. Digital Investigations now feature in around 90% of criminal cases, demonstrating that digital evidence is crucial to forensic investigations. Due to the high number of cases, most law enforcement units have significant backlogs of devices waiting for analysis. As the field of Digital Investigation has grown, it is no longer solely related to criminal investigations, with the techniques also supporting civil, private, and corporate activities. Given the evident challenges, it is logical that more digital forensic experts are needed to keep pace with the field's complexities and demands. Identifying what characteristics and skills make a digital forensic expert enables an evaluation to ensure that any new staff are fit for purpose. There is a growth in academic, civil, corporate, and intelligence‐based activity within the field. Each area defines their standards, field scope, and expertise level. Still, as any case has the potential to become a matter of criminal investigation, surely the focus needs to be on the standards required to ensure evidence is admissible for that purpose. As expertise levels can vary, it is also necessary to challenge the level at which an expert is defined and the implications of this decision. By identifying what makes an expert in this unique forensic science area, it is possible to explore the potential challenges the field faces in obtaining, retaining, and training staff.This article is categorized under:
Digital and Multimedia Science > Cybercrime Investigation