bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consistency of two versions of hearing handicap inventory for elderly (HHIE and HHIE-S) with degree of hearing loss (HL)
Authors: Faraji-Khiavi Farzad , Bayat Arash , Dashti Rezvan , Dindamal Behnaz , Ghorbani Kalkhajeh Sasan 
Published: January 2023

Objective
Using self-assessment methods to assess hearing handicap in the elderly can play an important role in understanding their disease status and taking action to improve it. Thus, the present study was performed to determine the consistency of two versions hearing handicap inventory for elderly, namely HHIE and HHIE-S, with the degree of hearing loss(HL).

Methods
This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 110 elderly aged 60 years and above who referred to hearing clinics in province Khuzestan, Iran in 2019. In order to collect data, HHIE (including 25 questions) and HHIE-S (including 10 questions) were used. Data analysis was done using SPSS ver. 24. Independent sample t-test was used to compare HHIE and HHIE-S scores in terms of the degree of HL.

Results
The prevalence of mild, moderate and severe degrees of HL was 21.82%, 48.18% and 30.0%, respectively. The majority of the patients suffered from sensorineural hearing loss (77.28%). Comparison of HHIE/HHIE-S total score among patients with different degrees of HL showed statistically significant differences, and patients with a higher degree of hearing loss reported higher hearing handicaps. HHIE and HHIE-S total scores showed a positive large significant correlation (r = 0.815, p < 0.001).Our findings revealed a significant large positive association of the PTA with the total score of HHIE (r = 0.69, p < 0.001) and HHIE-S (r = 0.76, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
The large correlation between HHIE and HHIE-S measures observed in the current data supports that these two scales can be used interchangeably. These patient reported outcome inventories are congruent with hearing loss level, so they can be used as proper criteria for referring patients to audiologists in health system.
Assessment of temporal auditory processing in individuals with misophonia
Authors: Ila Kadri , Soylemez Emre , Yilmaz Nihat , Ertugrul Suha , Turudu Soner , Karaboya Engin , Adıgul Çaglayan 
Published: January 2023

Objective:
Misophonia is characterised by abnormal reactions to certain sounds such as sounds of eating, breathing, nose sniffing. Misophonia can be seen in individuals with normal hearing or hearing loss. The aim of this study to evaluate central auditory processing in misophonia patients with temporal processing tests, such as the Frequency Pattern Test (FPT), Duration Pattern Test (DPT), and Gaps-in-Noise Test (GIN).

Methods:
Thirty patients with misophonia and 30 healthy control subjects were included in this study. The pure tone audiometry test, tympanometry test, and acoustic reflex test were administered to all participants. The DPT, FPT, and GIN tests were conducted with all participants.

Results:
There was no significant difference in the DPT scores between the two groups for both ears (p > .05). There was no significant difference in the FPT scores between the two groups for both ears (p > .05), and there was no significant difference in the GIN scores and GIN threshold (p > .05).

Conclusions:
There was no difference between the healthy individuals and the misophonia patients when the temporal process of central auditory processing was evaluated.
Geometrizing the Klein–Gordon and Dirac equations in doubly special relativity
Authors: Franchino-Viñas S A , Relancio J J 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this work we discuss the deformed relativistic wave equations, namely the Klein–Gordon and Dirac equations in a doubly special relativity scenario. We employ what we call a geometric approach, based on the geometry of a curved momentum space, which should be seen as complementary to the more spread algebraic one. In this frame we are able to rederive well-known algebraic expressions, as well as to treat yet unresolved issues, to wit, the explicit relation between both equations, the discrete symmetries for Dirac particles, the fate of covariance, and the formal definition of a Hilbert space for the Klein–Gordon case.
An ionic liquid-based ultra-broadband absorber with temperature stability, polarization insensitivity, and wide incident angle
Authors: Zhang Chenyang , Yang Fulong , Zhang Aihua , Zhu Xiaoqing , Xu Huan , Wang Dayu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this paper, an ultra-broadband absorber based on ionic liquids is proposed. It is an absorber that is a fully enclosed resin container, and the container is filled with an ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide ([EMIM][N(CN)2]) with a circular cross-section. Simulation results show that the single-ring absorber can achieve more than 90% absorption in the microwave range of 12.25–50 GHz, and the relative bandwidth reaches 121.29%. Based on the theories of equivalent medium and impedance matching, the mechanism of broadband absorption is explored by analyzing the electromagnetic field distribution and power loss density of the absorber. In addition, the absorber exhibits good thermal stability in the range of 20 °C–100 °C, and has the characteristics of polarization insensitivity and wide incident angle. The proposed metamaterial absorber can be fabricated at a low cost, is environment-friendly, and may find potential applications in the fields of electromagnetic energy harvesting and stealth technology.
Mass spectroscopy, decays and mixing parameters of open flavour bottom and bottom strange mesons using instanton induced potential with additional confinement
Authors: Pandya Bhoomika , Shah Manan N , Vinodkumar P C 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The mass spectra for the heavy-light

(
b

q

¯

)

; q = u or d and s bottom and bottom strange mesons are computed based on the instanton induced interactions inspired potential along with additional confinement term. Spectroscopic predictions for ground, radial and orbital states are provided. The low-lying states 1S and 1P are found to be in an excellent agreement with the PDG reported values. The predicted mass spectra strongly support the newly observed B

J
(5840) and B

J
(5970) by LHCb collaboration as 21
S
0 and 13
D
3 states respectively. Apart from the mass spectra, the other observables like radiative transitions, decay constant for 1S state, the di-leptonic rare decays and the Cabibbo allowed two body hadronic decays are also predicted. The predicted value of branching ratio of rare decay

B

s

0

→

μ

+

μ

−

as 3.65 ×10−9 is in excellent agreement with the recent measurement of LHCb of

(

3.09

−
0.43

+
0.46

)
×

10

−
9

. The branching ratios of color favoured decays

B

(
s
)

→

D

(
s
)

(
*
)
−

π

+

and

B

(
s
)

→

D

(
s
)

(
*
)
−

ρ

+

are found to be exceeding by factor of two as compared to the PDG listed values. The mixing parameters of

B

q

0

−

B

q

0

¯

, ΔM

q
, x

q
and χ

q
are obtained as 0.512, 0.755 and 0.1877 respectively which are very close to the PDG listed values of 0.5065 ± 0.0019, 0.769 ± 0.004 and 0.1858 ± 0.0011 respectively.
Polaron states of the full-configuration defects in metal halide perovskites
Authors: Liu Yi-Yan , Cui Yu , Cai Chun-Yu , Deng Jia-Pei , Li Zhi-Qing , Wang Zi-Wu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The systematical analysis for varieties of defects with different depths and lattice relaxation strengths in metal halide perovskites (MHPs) is a challenging task. Here, we study the energy shifts of the full-configuration defects due to the polaron effect based on the all-coupling variational method in MHPs, where these polaron states are formed stemming from different defect species coupling with the longitudinal optical phonon modes via Fr

o

¨

hlich mechanism. We find that the polaron effect results in defect levels varying from tens to several hundreds of meV, which are very close to the correction of defect levels due to the defect-polaron effect, especially for these defects migration proved in the recent experiments in MHPs. These results provide the significant enlightenment not only for analyzing the radiation and non-radiation processes of carriers mediated by defects, but also for optimizing defect effect in the photovoltaic and photoelectric devices based on MHPs materials.
Self-organization and dewetting kinetics in sub-10 nm diblock copolymer line/space lithography
Authors: Chevalier Xavier , Pound-Lana Gwenaelle , Gomes Correia Cindy , Cavalaglio Sébastien , Cabannes-Boué Benjamin , Restagno Frédéric , Miquelard-Garnier Guillaume , Roland Sébastien , Navarro Christophe , Fleury Guillaume , Zelsmann Marc 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this work, we investigated the self-assembly of a lamellar block copolymer (BCP) under different wetting conditions. We explored the influence of the chemical composition of under-layers and top-coats on the thin film stability, self-assembly kinetics and BCP domain orientation. Three different chemistries were chosen for these surface affinity modifiers and their composition was tuned in order to provide either neutral wetting (i.e. an out-of-plane lamellar structure), or affine wetting conditions (i.e. an in-plane lamellar structure) with respect to a sub-10 nm PS-b-PDMSB lamellar system. Using such controlled wetting configurations, the competition between the dewetting of the BCP layer and the self-organization kinetics was explored. We also evaluated the spreading parameter of the BCP films with respect to the configurations of surface-energy modifiers and demonstrated that BCP layers are intrinsically unstable to dewetting in a neutral configuration. Finally, the dewetting mechanisms were evaluated with respect to the different wetting configurations and we clearly observed that the rigidity of the top-coat is a key factor to delay BCP film instability.
Monte Carlo modeling of Halcyon and Ethos radiotherapy beam using CAD geometry: validation and IAEA-compliant phase space
Authors: Laakkonen Linda , Lehtomäki Jouko , Cahill Alexander , Constantin Magdalena , Kulmala Antti , Harju Ari 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective. A Monte Carlo (MC) model of a Halcyon and Ethos (Varian Medical Systems, a Siemens Healthineers Company) radiotherapy beam was validated and field-independent phase space (PHSP) files were recorded above the dual-layer multileaf collimators (MLC). Approach. The treatment head geometry was modeled according to engineering drawings and the dual-layer MLC was imported from CAD (computer-aided design) files. The information for the incident electron beam was achieved from an iterative electromagnetic solver. The validation of the model was performed by comparing the dose delivered by the square MLC fields as well as complex field measurements. Main results. An electron phase space was generated from linac simulations and achieved improved MC results. The output factors for square fields were within 1% and the largest differences of 5% were found in the build-up region of PDDs and the penumbra region of profiles. With the more complicated MLC-shaped field (Fishbone), the largest differences of up to 8% were found in the MLC leaf tip region due to the uncertainty of the MLC positioning and the mechanical leaf gap value. The impact of the collimator rotation on the PHSP solution has been assessed with both small and large fields, confirming negligible effects on in-field and out-of-field dose distributions. Significance. A computational model of the Halcyon and Ethos radiotherapy beam with a high accuracy implementation of the MLC was shown to be able to reproduce the radiation beam characteristics with square fields and more complex MLC-shaped fields. The field-independent PHSP files that were produced can be used as an accurate treatment head model above the MLC, and reduce the time to simulate particle transport through treatment head components.
Radial artery pulse wave velocity: a new characterization technique and the instabilities associated with the respiratory phase and breath-holding
Authors: Vainer Boris G 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is a key diagnostic parameter of the cardiovascular system’s state. However, approaches aimed at PWV characterization often suffer from inevitable drawbacks. Statistical results demonstrating how closely PWV in the radial artery (RA) and the respiration phase correlate, as well as RA PWV evolution during breath-holding (BH), have not yet been presented in the literature. The aims of this study are (a) to propose a simple robust technique for measuring RA PWV, (b) to reveal the phase relation between the RA PWV and spontaneous breathing, and (c) to disclose the influence of BH on the RA PWV. Approach. The high-resolution remote breathing monitoring method Sorption-Enhanced Infrared Thermography (SEIRT) and the new technique aimed at measuring RA PWV described in this paper were used synchronously, and their measurement data were processed simultaneously. Main results. Spontaneous breathing leaves a synchronous ‘trace’ on the RA PWV. The close linear correlation of the respiration phase and the phase of concomitant RA PWV changes is statistically confirmed in five tested people (Pearson’s r is of the order of 0.5–0.8, P < 0.05). The BH appreciably affects the RA PWV. A phenomenon showing that the RA PWV is not indifferent to hypoxia is observed for the first time. Significance. The proposed technique for RA PWV characterization has high prospects in biomedical diagnostics. The presented pilot study deserves attention in the context of the mutual interplay between respiratory and cardiovascular systems. It may also be useful in cases where peripheral pulse wave propagation helps assess respiratory function.
Novel SOLPS-ITER simulations of X-point target and snowflake divertors
Authors: Cowley C , Kuang A Q , Moulton D , Lore J D , Canik J , Umansky M , Wigram M , Ballinger S , Lipschultz B , Bonnin X 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The design and understanding of alternative divertor configurations may be crucial for achieving acceptable steady-state heat and particle material loads for magnetic confinement fusion reactors. Multiple X-point alternative divertor geometries such as snowflakes and X-point targets have great potential in reducing power loads, but have not yet been simulated widely in codes with kinetic neutrals. This paper discusses recent changes made to the SOLPS-ITER code to allow for the simulation of X-point target and low-field side snowflake divertor geometries. Snowflake simulations using this method are presented, in addition to the first SOLPS-ITER simulation of the X-point target. Analysis of these results show reasonable consistency with the simple modelling and theoretical predictions, supporting the validity of the methodology implemented.
Research on a percussion-based bolt looseness identification method based on phase feature and convolutional neural network
Authors: Liu Pengtao , Wang Xiaopeng , Chen Tianning , Wang Yongquan , Mao Feiran , Liu Wenhang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The percussion-based method has become a hot spot for bolt looseness monitoring due to its advantages of non-contact sensing, portability, and low cost. However, the features of bolt looseness in percussion methods lack phase information. In this paper, a percussion method based on the all-pole group delay function in the phase domain is proposed for the first time, and the bolt looseness is determined by a convolutional neural network. Under the four signal-to-noise ratio levels (0, 2, 4 and 6 dB), the accuracy of the proposed method is 90.25%, 92.75%, 93.5% and 94%. The experiment proves the percussion audio signal of the structural point away from the bolt can reflect the looseness of the bolt. The phase feature can represent the information of bolt looseness and has fast training speed and high recognition accuracy, which is suitable for detecting bolt looseness torque.
Device-independent self-testing of unsharp measurements
Authors: Roy Prabuddha , Pan A K 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Semi-device-independent certification of an unsharp instrument has recently been demonstrated (2019 New J. Phys.
21 083034) based on the sequential sharing of quantum advantages in a prepare-measure communication game by assuming the system to be qubit. In this work, we provide device-independent (DI) self-testing of the unsharp instrument through the quantum violation of two Bell inequalities where the devices are uncharacterized and the dimension of the system remains unspecified. We introduce an elegant sum-of-squares approach to derive the dimension-independent optimal quantum violation of Bell inequalities which plays a crucial role. Note that the standard Bell test cannot self-test the post-measurement states and consequently cannot self-test unsharp instrument. The sequential Bell test possess the potential to self-test an unsharp instrument. We demonstrate that there exists a trade-off between the maximum sequential quantum violations of the Clauser–Horne–Shimony–Holt inequality, and they form an optimal pair that enables the DI self-testing of the entangled state, the observables, and the unsharpness parameter. Further, we extend our study to the case of elegant Bell inequality and we argue that it has two classical bounds—the local bound and the non-trivial preparation non-contextual bound, lower than the local bound. Based on the sharing of preparation contextuality by three independent sequential observers, we demonstrate the DI self-testing of two unsharpness parameters. Since an actual experimental scenario involves losses and imperfection, we demonstrate robustness of our certification to noise.
Structural, morphological, and electrochemical studies of Mg2SiO4-Pr6O11 nanocomposite for energy storage applications
Authors: Karthikeyan B , Sakthiraj K , Sakthivel A 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Owing to not only the high demand in the development of new materials for the energy storage applications but also the high abundance of magnesium orthosilicate (Mg2SiO4) belonging to olivine group of minerals in Earth, magnesium orthosilicate (called as MOS) nanoparticle and magnesium orthosilicate–praseodymium oxide (Mg2SiO4–Pr6O11) (MOS-PO) nanocomposite have been chosen to explore mainly their electrochemical characteristics. The MOS nanoparticle and MOS-PO nanocomposite were synthesized using sol-gel method. The characterization techniques such as x-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, Zeta potential analyzer, and Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) were used to investigate the structural, morphological, and electrochemical properties of the prepared samples. Using Scherrer’s equation, phase identification was performed for the samples of MOS nanoparticle and MOS-PO nanocomposite with crystallite sizes 43 nm and 52 nm, respectively. The respective average particle sizes of 39 nm and 50 nm were observed for MOS nanoparticle and MOS-PO nanocomposite, using SEM images, and these values along with the images revealed the formation of spherical nanoparticles along with some agglomerates. The Zeta potential of the samples was calculated to analyze the stability of the nanoparticles. The electrochemical characterization was performed using the sample coated Mg foil as the working electrode and 0.5 M of KOH solution as the electrolyte, with the help of cyclic voltametric technique. The CV analysis was conducted ranging from 1.5 to −1.5 V at various scan rates of 25, 50, 100, 200, and 300 mVs−1. For MOS-PO nanocomposite, the maximum specific capacitance of 1812 Fg−1 was observed at a scan rate of 25 mVs−1. The results showed the possibility of the usage of MOS-PO nanocomposite material in the application of energy storage devices.
Analysis of transition path ensemble in the exactly solvable models via overdamped langevin equation
Authors: Li De-Zhang , Zeng Jia-Rui , Huang Wei-Jie , Yao Yao , Yang Xiao-Bao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Transition of a system between two states is an important but difficult problem in natural science. In this article we study the transition problem in the framework of transition path ensemble. Using the overdamped Langevin method, we introduce the path integral formulation of the transition probability and obtain the equation for the minimum action path in the transition path space. For the effective sampling in the transition path ensemble, we derive a conditional overdamped Langevin equation. In two exactly solvable models, the free particle system and the harmonic system, we present the expression of the conditional probability density and the explicit solutions for the conditional Langevin equation and the minimum action path. The analytic results demonstrate the consistence of the conditional Langevin equation with the desired probability distribution in the transition. It is confirmed that the conditional Langevin equation is an effective tool to sample the transition path ensemble, and the stationary action principle actually leads to the most probable path.
The study of oxygenation dynamics during experimental tumor growth using frequency-domain diffuse optical spectroscopy
Authors: Kalganova Tatiana , Maslennikova Anna , Orlova Anna , Golubiatnikov German , Ivanova Irina , Turchin Ilya 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The objective of this work was to study the dynamics and mechanisms of oxygenation changes of an experimental rat tumor Plyss lymphosarcoma in the process of its growth using diffuse optical spectroscopy (DOS). DOS in trans-illumination configuration utilizing high-frequency (140 MHz) modulation of light intensity is used to assess absorption and scattering coefficients averaged over tumor tissue at several wavelengths 684, 794, and 850 nm. Those values were used to assess concentrations of tissue oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin and oxygen saturation. During the observation period (from the 5th to the 15th day after transplantation) the tumor volume increased up to 25 times. In the process of tumor growth, a gradual increase in the content of deoxyhemoglobin, a decrease of oxyhemoglobin level, and a decrease of blood oxygen saturation without changes in the level of total tissue hemoglobin concentration were observed. Thus, the main mechanisms of oxygen saturation decrease in the process of tumor growth are associated with two effects: the increase of oxygen consumption rate (demonstrated by the increase of deoxyhemoglobin) and the decrease of oxygen supply (demonstrated by the decrease of oxyhemoglobin).