bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utility of percentage signal recovery derived from dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion magnetic resonance imaging for differentiating glioblastoma, lymphoma, metastasis and meningioma: An observational prospective study
Authors: Shankar Abhay , Brar Rahat , Dwivedi Ankur , Rathore Deepander Singh , Prasad Abhishek , Rana Shaleen , Goudihalli Sachin Ranganatha , Budhiraja Manish , Singh Paramdeep , Saha Soma , Thakur Pragyat , Sancheti Sankalp 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background:
Pre-operative differentiation of brain neoplasm (gliomas, metastasis, lymphoma and meningiomas) is important for staging, intra-operative management and post-operative treatment. Dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC)-enhanced perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based on microvasculature assessment can aid in differentiating these intracranial mass lesions.

Methods:
Thirty three patients referred to the radiology department for MRI with a presumptive diagnosis of primary intracranial tumour were included in the study. DSC imaging was performed by using a gradient-recalled T2*-weighted echo-planar imaging sequence. These data were used to calculate mean and maximum relative cerebral blood volume (rCBVmean and rCBVmax) and also percentage signal recovery (PSR) and relative PSR (rPSR) values.

Results:
The final histopathology was glioblastoma multiforme (GBM, n = 10, 30.3%), followed by metastasis in 9 (27.3%), lymphoma in 8 (24.2%) and meningioma in 6 cases (18.2%). All PSR parameters (maximum PSR, mean PSR, minimum PSR [minPSR] and rPSR) and rCBVmean were observed to be helpful (P < 0.05) in differentiating GBM (glioblastoma) from lymphoma; of these, the rCBVmean and rPSR (P = 0.0001) were most useful. Only rCBVmean could differentiate GBM from metastasis (P < 0.05); rCBVmean (P < 0.05) and minPSR (P <0.05) could differentiate GBM from meningioma.

Conclusions:
DSC-enhanced perfusion MRI based on microvasculature assessment can aid in differentiating intracranial mass lesions.
Clinico-mycological profile of suspected pulmonary aspergillosis cases
Authors: Kaur Bavleen , Gupta Veenu , Kashyap Anil Kumar , Chaudhary Jyoti 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction:

Aspergillus is one of the most ubiquitous airborne saprophytic fungi. Humans constantly inhale numerous conidia of this fungus. The conidia are normally eliminated in the immunocompetent host by innate immune mechanisms. With increase in the number of immunocompromised patients, there has been a dramatic increase in severe and fatal invasive aspergillosis (IA). The present study was aimed to know the clinico-mycological profile of suspected pulmonary aspergillosis cases.

Methods:
The present study was a prospective study conducted over a period of 1 year in the department of microbiology in admitted cases with clinical suspicion of pulmonary aspergillosis. Samples such as sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage, endotracheal secretions, fine-needle aspiration or biopsy and blood (for serological analysis) were collected and processed as per standard protocol.

Results:
Over a period of 1 year, 89 cases were included in the study. Their mean age was 58.7 years. Majority were male (60.6%). The most common presentation was cough (89.9%), followed by chest pain (57.3%) and fever (56.2% most common chest X-ray finding was homogeneous haziness (40.4%). Fungal smear was positive in 55.1% and 61.8% showed fungal growth. Galactomannan (GM) and (1-3)-β-D glucan positivity were 56% and 83.3%, respectively. The mortality was observed in 21.4% of patients.

Conclusions:
The study demonstrated that GM assay and (1-3)-β-D glucan assay are useful diagnostic modalities with a high sensitivity and specificity for the detection of pulmonary aspergillosis in high-risk patients along with positive fungal culture. Thus, these tests are early markers for IA.
Assessment of Bone Loss Around Dental Implant in Smokers
Authors: Singh Arundhati , Bhoi Shreedevi , Parmar Pravin M , Deepak TS , Almutairi Abdullah Khalid , Parihar Anuj Singh , Ramaiah Vardharajula Venkata 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
This research was done to assess how much bone is lost around dental implants in smokers.

Material and Method:
There were 80 participants total in the study, 40 of whom were smokers (Group I) and 40 of who were non-smokers (Group II). By evaluating the patients’ clinical and radiographic data, the marginal bone-level measurements were determined. The acquired information underwent statistical analysis.

Results:
Smokers were found to have worse overall clinical parameters than non-smokers (P 0.05). Smokers experience more marginal bone loss around implants than non-smokers do.

Conclusion:
Smoking has a negative impact on the outcome rate of dental implants.
Clinical Assessment of SDF Effect in Arresting Dental Caries in Deciduous Teeth
Authors: Joshi Keyur H , Basheer Shameer Muhammad , Ehsan Aliya , Singh Satpreet , Kaur Rajandeep , Suman Sudha , Babaji Prashant 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
Current research was done to evaluate the effectiveness of 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) on carious lesions in deciduous teeth.

Materials and Method:
The study included kids who had at least one carious lesion in accordance to the International Caries Detection and Assessment System II. A 38% SDF (FAgamin, Tedequim Company, Córdoba, Argentina) solution was applied directly to the lesion on the deciduous teeth as per the manufacturer’s instructions. A follow-up evaluation was performed after one, three, and six months. Clinical results were used to assess the efficacy of SDF. The obtained data were statistically evaluated.

Result:
When it came to halting dental caries in primary teeth, 38% SDF was 92% effective.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, 38% SDF can be used to effectively stop caries in primary teeth.
Assessment of Aloe Vera and Tulsi’s Effectiveness in Treating Oral Submucous Fibrosis
Authors: Dalai Radha P. , Abdulcader Riyaz SS Mohamed , Awinashe Minal , Almutairy Mohammed , Sidhu Ruhi , Amlutairi Faris J. , Ramaiah Vardarajula V. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
Aloe vera and tulsi were compared in this study to see how well they treated oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF).

Materials and Method:
The study involved thirty healthy volunteers aged from 20 to 55 without any systemic complications. The patients were given medications that needed to be applied two to three times daily. For four months, patients were followed up with monthly follow-up visits. The differences in the mouth opening and changes to the burning sensation on the visual analog scale (VAS) were statistically analyzed.

Results:
Both the burning sensation and mouth opening showed a statistically significant improvement.

Conclusion:
Tulsi and aloe vera provide a secure and effective method for treating OSMF symptoms.
Assessment of Static and Dynamic Load Tolerance of the Implant Mounts on its Particular Implant
Authors: Bijjargi Supriya P , Awinashe Vaibhav , Kashyap Rucha , Archana  , Qattan Ahmed Abdulmohsen , Choudhury Gopal Krishna , Jerry Jeethu John , Ramaiah Vardarajula Venkata 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
We compared the loads at which the implant holders from Astra Tech (AST) (AstraOsseoSpeed) and Osseotite Certain failed under static compression after experiencing fatigue, as well as the gap that resulted from dynamic loading between the implant-holder complexes.

Materials and Method:
The ISO 14801 recommendation served as the foundation for the test protocol. Each brand’s five implant-implant holder assemblies underwent dynamic loading. A load of 200 N was applied at a stress frequency of 12 Hz and a cycle rate of 5105. (Eden Prairie, MN, USA). Using scanning electron microscopy (S3700N, HITACHI, Japan), the gap (m) at the interface was measured post-fatigue. Static loading was then used to determine the highest load (N) after the point of failure. Controls included definitive abutment-implant complexes. Statistics were used to analyze the data.

Result:
The Osseotite Certain group showed a slight trend toward greater resistance, but there was no diversity among the two implant holder groups (P 0.05). AST (AstraOsseoSpeed) implants had a larger interface gap, but the difference was not statistically significant.

Conclusion:
With respect to greatest compression load or the interface gap following dynamic loading, there were no discernible differences between the two experimental groups.
Compressive Strength Evaluation of Three Distinct Implant Design Approaches
Authors: Sahoo Pradyumna K. , Priyadarshini Smita R. , Das Abhaya C. , Panda Saurav , Choudhury Purobi , Swain Pragyan 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
The study was done to assess the implant–abutment interface static compressive. strength of three design types and implant–abutment connection failure style.

Materials and Methods:
The implants at 306 with respect to the y-axis were aligned using a stainless steel holding device. Twenty specimens from each system totaled 60 total. A unidirectional vertical piston in a computer-controlled universal testing machine (MTS 810) generated static compression loading until failure. Specimens were macroscopically examined for fracture of the screw and implant, abutment looseness, and longitudinal displacement. Analysis of variance was used to analyze the data (ANOVA).

Result:
The screw-vent system had a mean compressive strength of 335.6 22.7 psi for the Unipost system, 384.3 37.1 psi for the screw-vent system, and 245.3 25.4 psi for the ITI-1 piece abutment connection.

Conclusion:
The connection between the Unipost implant and abutment showed a statistically significant variation.
Comparison of Mechanical Properties, Physical Properties, and Biocompatibility of Four Different Denture Base Resins: An In vitro Study
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Mishra Amit Kumar , Rani Varsha , Priyadarshi Siddharth , Sharma Vishakha , Kharat Swati 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Four new dental replacement base tars were evaluated in vitro to determine their mechanical qualities, authentic properties, and biocompatibility.

Materials and Methods:
In this experiment, we employed SR Triplet HOT (a fiber-developed heat fix tar), Sunflex (a multipurpose force fix sap), Trevalon-Hello (a high-impact heat fix tar), DPI (a digital pigment imaging system), and a variety of other pigments and inks (normal power fix tar). For these models, the ISO specification 1567 for dental substitute base gums called for testing of flexural strength, hardness, impact strength, water sorption and dissolvability, and cytotoxicity.

Results:
All the strength and mechanical properties tested had a statistically significant difference when intergroup analysis was performed.

Conclusion:
The exceptional physical and mechanical capabilities of the Sunflex denture base resin, together with its biocompatibility with oral tissues, make it a good candidate for use as a denture base material in routine clinical practice.
A Comparative Evaluation of Micro-Leakage in Fiber Post Luted and Core Buildup Performed with Two Different Resin Cements: An In vitro Study
Authors: Kadam Vijay S. , Huddar Dayanand , Badadare Mokshada , Jadhav Priyanka , Aher Sakshi , Botadra Ayushi 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To compare the micro-leakages of fiber post luted and core buildup performed with ParaCore (Coltene) and LuxaCore (DMG) resin cement.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty-six single-rooted teeth were selected and treated with root canal treatment and fiber post cementation with two types of resin cement (LuxaCore and ParaCore). Samples were exposed to 500 cycles of thermocycling, immersed in 2% methylene dye and centrifuged and sectioned longitudinally, and checked under a stereomicroscope.

Results:
LuxaCore and ParaCore showed a mean of 0.39250 mm and 0.47500 mm micro-leakage, respectively.

Conclusion:
There was a statistically non-significant difference seen with group 3 (LuxaCore) versus group 4 (ParaCore) (P > 0.05).
Evaluation of Influence of Incisal Guidance on the Force Exerted at the Maximum Possible Intercuspal Position and in Protrusion – An In vivo Study
Authors: Lulla Samdisha S. , Adaki Raghavendra , Samant Aditi , Adaki Shridevi , Surwase Swateja , Pardesi Shruti 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:
Incisal guidance (IG) varies with maxillary and mandibular teeth wear. It in turn governs the forces on adhesive restorations. The present study evaluates the variation in forces because of changes in IG.

Materials and Methods:
IG was recorded on 46 subjects along with the distance from centric contact to incisal edge. Biteforce was recorded in the maximum possible intercuspal position (MIP) and in protrusion in the anterior region. Data analysis was performed using SPSS Version 21 at a confidence level ≤0.05. Pearson correlation test was applied to determine r value.

Results:
The association between forces on anterior teeth in MIP and forces on teeth in contact in protrusion is statistically significant (P value 0.001). There is definitive correlation between forces exerted in MIP and the distance travelled from centric contact to incisal edge (r = 0.059). There is a weak correlation between forces on anterior teeth in MIP and protrusive IG (r value 0.172).

Conclusion:
The force on anterior teeth in MIP with steeper IG is higher. Hence, the restoration margin should be kept away from the centric contact point.
Evaluation of the Characteristics of Nano Hybrid Composite Resin Modified with Graphene after Thermomechanical Loading Cycle
Authors: Basheer Shameer Muhammad , Ismail Prabu Mahin Syed , Patil Dipak Baliram , Kavitha G , Manjooran S Thomas , Vasudevan Hemjith , Mohammed Azhar 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

To evaluate the characteristics of a thermomechanically loaded composite resin enhanced with graphene nanoparticles. A total of 60 specimens were manufactured with Test group TG1 (20), TG2 (20), and control group CG (20). All samples were subjected to surface roughness using a three-dimensional (3D) Optical profilometer and flexural strength. All specimens were subjected to thermomechanical cyclic loading. Microhardness measurement was performed with a microhardness tester. The average microhardness and flexural strength were higher in test groups TG1 and TG2 and lowest in control group CG. There was an improvement in surface roughness, flexural strength, and microhardness in the test group after the addition of graphene nanoparticles compared to the control group.

Conclusion:
The addition of graphene nanoparticles to composite resin significantly improved flexural strength and microhardness. The physical and chemical properties of the composite showed marked improvement.
A study to assess meibomian gland morphology using meibography in posterior blepharitis patients and normal population: A hospital-based observational study
Authors: Nair R.V. Reshmi , Jacob Shamin , Praveena K.K. , Latha N.V. , Vishnupriya M. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Noncontact infrared meibography (NIM) is a technique for quantitative assessment of meibomian gland (MG) dysfunction by providing images of the morphology of MGs.

Aim:
The aim of this study is to assess MG morphology using NIM (with meiboscore values) in posterior blepharitis patients and the normal population and to assess the lid margin abnormality score (LMAS), lid margin expression score, tear breakup time (TBUT), and Schirmer test values in posterior blepharitis.

Methods:
This was a hospital-based study on 100 consecutive patients attending the outpatient department of ophthalmology of the study institute, from June 2019 to May 2020 after getting ethical clearance. The study included 75 patients with symptoms and signs of posterior blepharitis and 25 normal patients with no evidence of posterior blepharitis. All patients were examined using slit lamp biomicroscopy for signs of posterior blepharitis and TBUT, superficial punctate keratopathy, Schirmer 1 test, and LMAS. NIM was performed for both upper and lower eyelids and was documented using the meiboscore system.

Results:
The meibography gland dropout was significantly higher in posterior blepharitis patients (P < 0.01) compared to normal patients. The normal patients had normal meibography in 32% and total meiboscore of Grade 1 in 56%. The LMAS was significantly higher in posterior blepharitis patients. Superficial punctate keratitis was not significantly higher in posterior blepharitis patients. The lid margin expression score was significantly higher in posterior blepharitis (P < 0.01). TBUT was significantly shorter in posterior blepharitis people (P < 0.01). The Schirmer test showed an adequate tear secretion in both groups of patients.

Conclusion:
NIM system can be performed easily, quickly, noninvasively and was a patient-friendly method to obtain information about the MG morphology. In our study, the majority of patients with posterior blepharitis showed significant gland dropout as viewed on NIM, compared to the normal cases studied.
An unusual presentation of aneurysmal bone cyst of the maxillary sinus in a child: A rare case report
Authors: Mishra Suchismita , Das Alok , Navyasree Chinthala 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Aneurysmal bone cyst(ABC) is a rare vascular tumor arising usually from long bone and vertebrae,very rarely involves the skull and facial bone. Here, we present a case of a 9-year-old child presented with progressive proptosis and strabismus of the left eye associated with nasal obstruction and epistaxis. Computed tomography was done which gave us an insight into the possibilities of ABC, giant cell tumor, adenomatoid odontogenic tumor, etc., Biopsy was taken for histopathological confirmation. Usually, ABC of the maxillary sinus presents with pain, cheek swelling, and nasal obstruction. Our patient presented with ocular findings which are rare among maxillary bone ABCs.
Awareness in parents of preterm babies screened and counselled for retinopathy of prematurity – A study from rural India
Authors: Bappal Anupama , Jain Rashmi , Shambhu Rashmi , Peralaya Keerthan , Hegde Vidya , Singh Chaithanya Blevender 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is one of the causes for preventable blindness in preterm babies. An important reason for delay in treatment and, hence, blindness is delayed follow-up, attributed to the lack of cognizance regarding ROP among parents.

Methodology:
This cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted from September 2018 to January 2020 with an aim to assess knowledge, attitude, and practices about ROP among parents of preterm babies. They all had been counselled during previous screening sessions and the questionnaire was administered during the last follow-up for ROP screening. The questionnaire included basic demographic data and questions to assess knowledge, attitude, and practices about ROP. Association between follow-up pattern with knowledge, attitude, economic status, and educational level were analysed.

Results:
Questionnaire study was conducted on 30 parents of preterm babies. About 83.3% parents were aware that “ROP” is a blinding disease of preterm babies. Twenty-one parents (70%) did not bring their babies for follow-up as per the schedule mentioned in “ROP follow-up card.” Delay in follow-up ranged from 7 to 160 days (median 30 days). Better economic status had statistically significant influence on prompt follow-up.

Conclusion:
In spite of counselling, sharing educational pamphlets, and having knowledge about blinding complication of ROP, 70% parents did not bring the babies for follow-up on time. Hence, there is a need to strengthen the ROP counselling program.
Clinical outcome of first hundred consecutive therapeutic penetrating keratoplasties done at a tertiary eye care centre in Eastern India
Authors: Mohan Nilesh , Singh Mamta , Sinha Bibhuti Prassan , Kusumesh Rakhi 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:
To analyze the clinical outcome of first 100 consecutive cases of therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty (TPK) done at a tertiary eye care centre in Eastern India.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective analytical observational study of first 100 consecutive patients of TPK was done at RIO, IGIMS, Patna, Bihar for nonhealing keratitis with or without perforation with a minimum 1 year follow up examination. Patients with vitreous exudates were excluded from the study.

Results:
Organisms were isolated in 60% of cases of which 65% were fungi (Aspergillus), 20% were bacteria, (Staphylococcus aureus) and 15% had mixed infection. 17 cases required lens removal during surgery. Repeat graft infection was noticed in 23 cases of which 9 had fungi, 2 had bacterial isolate and rest was inconclusive preoperatively. A repeat TPK was performed in 7 patients out of the reinfected cases. Anatomical restoration could be achieved in 96% of cases. Graft clarity allowing clear view of anterior chamber could be seen in 26 cases. 4 cases of graft infection with posterior segment involvement finally required evisceration. 47 out of 100 TPK cases had raised intraocular pressure (IOP) of which 10 underwent glaucoma surgery for uncontrolled IOP despite medications.

Conclusion:
TPK is a challenging surgery still having definite role in management of nonresponding progressive keratitis. Maintaining graft clarity postoperatively is a difficult task in these cases therefore success should be measured in terms of infection eradication and anatomical restoration.
Wolf in sheep’s clothing: Cough syrup-induced synergistic idiosyncratic mydriatic reaction precipitating a bilateral acute angle-closure attack in a predisposed hypermetropic patient
Authors: Ramesh Prasanna Venkatesh , Ramesh Shruthy Vaishali , Ray Prajnya , Rajasekaran Ramesh , Ramesh Meena Kumari 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
An uncommon ophthalmic emergency condition, bilateral acute angle-closure glaucoma (AACG), is a potentially sight-threatening adverse effect of several local and systemic drugs in high-risk individuals. The majority of cases with drug-induced pupillary block closed-angle glaucoma are preventable, if high-risk patients are recognized and treated prophylactically. We report one such case that highlights the risk factors and rare pathophysiological mechanism of developing bilateral AACG attack after consumption of an antitussive drug orally.
Missed feeder vessel induced recurrent and refractory arteriovenous vascular malformation in the upper eye lid
Authors: Ramesh Shruthy Vaishali , Ramesh Prasanna Venkatesh , Kumar J. Ganesh , Rajasekaran Ramesh , Ramesh Meena Kumari 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
A 25-year-old male presented with recurrent swelling in the left upper eyelid despite multiple surgeries in the past 6 years. He was initially misdiagnosed as capillary hemangioma elsewhere, for which multiple surgical excision procedures were done. In 2020, he presented to us for a second opinion regarding the same painless swelling which recurred at the same site. Clinical examination and Doppler ultrasound shifted the diagnosis in favor of arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Computed tomography of the brain and cerebral angiogram (three-dimensional reconstructed) images confirmed the AVM in the left upper eyelid with an arterial feeder from the left ophthalmic artery branch. The patient had multiple recurrences due to the inadvertent misdiagnosis and missed management of the feeder vessel from the ophthalmic artery. We highlight this case, to bring to light the deceptive diagnosis and management of recurrent and refractory AVM due to a feeder vessel from the ophthalmic artery.