bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Denervation during mandibular distraction osteogenesis results in impaired bone formation
Authors: Tevlin Ruth , Griffin Michelle , Chen Kellen , Januszyk Michael , Guardino Nick , Spielman Amanda , Walters Shannon , Gold Garry Evan , Chan Charles K. F. , Gurtner Geoffrey C. , Wan Derrick C. , Longaker Michael T. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMandibular distraction osteogenesis (DO) is mediated by skeletal stem cells (SSCs) in mice, which enact bone regeneration via neural crest re-activation. As peripheral nerves are essential to progenitor function during development and in response to injury, we questioned if denervation impairs mandibular DO. C57Bl6 mice were divided into two groups: DO with a segmental defect in the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) at the time of mandibular osteotomy (“DO Den”) and DO with IAN intact (“DO Inn”). DO Den demonstrated significantly reduced histological and radiological osteogenesis relative to DO Inn. Denervation preceding DO results in reduced SSC amplification and osteogenic potential in mice. Single cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed that there was a predominance of innervated SSCs in clusters dominated by pathways related to bone formation. A rare human patient specimen was also analyzed and suggested that histological, radiological, and transcriptional alterations seen in mouse DO may be conserved in the setting of denervated human mandible distraction. Fibromodulin (FMOD) transcriptional and protein expression were reduced in denervated relative to innervated mouse and human mandible regenerate. Finally, when exogenous FMOD was added to DO-Den and DO-Inn SSCs undergoing in vitro osteogenic differentiation, the osteogenic potential of DO-Den SSCs was increased in comparison to control untreated DO-Den SSCs, modeling the superior osteogenic potential of DO-Inn SSCs.
Quantum error mitigation by Pauli check sandwiching
Authors: Gonzales Alvin , Shaydulin Ruslan , Saleem Zain H. , Suchara Martin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe describe and analyze an error mitigation technique that uses multiple pairs of parity checks to detect the presence of errors. Each pair of checks uses one ancilla qubit to detect a component of the error operator and represents one layer of the technique. We build on the results on extended flag gadgets and put it on a firm theoretical foundation. We prove that this technique can recover the noiseless state under the assumption of noise not affecting the checks. The method does not incur any encoding overhead and instead chooses the checks based on the input circuit. We provide an algorithm for obtaining such checks for an arbitrary target circuit. Since the method applies to any circuit and input state, it can be easily combined with other error mitigation techniques. We evaluate the performance of the proposed methods using extensive numerical simulations on 1850 random input circuits composed of Clifford gates and non-Clifford single-qubit rotations, a class of circuits encompassing most commonly considered variational algorithm circuits. We observe average improvements in fidelity of 34 percentage points with six layers of checks.
Dual RNA sequencing of group B Streptococcus-infected human monocytes reveals new insights into host–pathogen interactions and bacterial evasion of phagocytosis
Authors: Sullivan Matthew J. , Prince Darren , Goh Kelvin G. K. , Katupitiya Lahiru , Gosling Dean , Crowley Michael R. , Crossman David K. , Ulett Glen C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractStreptococcus agalactiae, also known as Group BStreptococcus(GBS) is a frequent cause of infections, including bacteraemia and other acute diseases in adults and immunocompromised individuals. We developed a novel system to study GBS within human monocytes to define the co-transcriptome of intracellular GBS (iGBS) and host cells simultaneously using dual RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) to better define how this pathogen responds to host cells. Using human U937 monocytes and genome-sequenced GBS reference strain 874,391 in antibiotic protection assays we validated a system for dual-RNA seq based on measures of GBS and monocyte viability to ensure that the bacterial and host cell co-transcriptome reflected mainly intracellular (iGBS) rather than extracellular GBS. Elucidation of the co-transcriptome revealed 1119 dysregulated transcripts iniGBSwith most genes, including several that encode virulence factors (e.g., scpB,hvgA, ribD,pil2b) exhibiting activation by upregulated expression. Infection withiGBSresulted in significant remodelling of the monocyte transcriptome, with 7587 transcripts differentially expressed including 7040 up-regulated and 547 down-regulated. qPCR confirmed that the most strongly activated genes includedsht, encoding Streptococcal Histidine Triad Protein. An isogenic GBS mutant strain deficient inshtrevealed a significant effect of this gene on phagocytosis of GBS and survival of the bacteria during systemic infection in mice. Identification of a novel contribution ofshtto GBS virulence shows the co-transcriptome responses elucidated in GBS-infected monocytes help to shape the host–pathogen interaction and establish a role forshtin the response of the bacteria to phagocytic uptake. This study provides comprehension of concurrent transcriptional responses that occur in GBS and human monocytes that shape the host–pathogen interaction.
In silico and in vitro anti-inflammatory study of phenolic compounds isolated from Eucalyptus maculata resin
Authors: Ali Dalia E. , Gedaily Rania A. El , Ezzat Shahira M. , Sawy Maged A. El , Meselhy Meselhy R. , Abdel-Sattar Essam 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPlant resins are rich in bioactive compounds with high medicinal values. However, the chemistry and anti-inflammatory activity of the resins produced by trees of the genus Eucalyptus were scarcely investigated. The inflammatory targets cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), COX-2, TNF-, NF-B, and NO were significantly inhibited by the methanolic extract of Eucalyptus maculata kino resin (EME) and its CH2Cl2 soluble fraction (MCF). Sakuranetin (C1), (E)-cinnamic acid (C2), kaempferol 7- methyl ether (C3), 7-O-methyl aromadendrin (C4), and 1,6- dicinnamoyl-O-α-D-glucopyranoside (C5) were isolated from MCF. Three compounds (C1, C2, and C4) showed potent in vitro COX-1 inhibition, while C5 inhibited COX-2, TNF-α, NF-κB, and NO significantly. An in-silico study revealed that C5 had the highest binding affinity to the active site in COX-2 with binding energy score (S) of -14.85 kcal/mol, better than celecoxib (COX-2 inhibitor). In conclusion, 1,6-dicinnamoyl-O-α-D-glucopyranoside (C5) could be investigated further in the search for anti-inflammatory agents.
Association between pazopanib exposure and safety in Japanese patients with renal cell carcinoma or soft tissue sarcoma
Authors: Aoyama Takeshi , Nakano Kenji , Yuasa Takeshi , Sugiyama Erika , Okawa Takako , Ito Kazuyuki , Azuma Keiichi , Hashimoto Koki , Furutani Ryota , Hiraide Makoto , Kobayashi Kazuo , Suzuki Kenichi , Tomomatsu Jyunnichi , Tajima Masataka , Sato Hitoshi , Hama Toshihiro , Takahashi Shunji 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe safety and effectiveness of pazopanib are related to plasma trough concentrations in renal cell carcinoma (RCC); however, data on pazopanib plasma trough concentrations with soft tissue sarcoma (STS) are limited. This study investigated the relationship between plasma trough concentrations and pazopanib safety in 45 Japanese patients with RCC or STS. Among the 33 patients included, the median pazopanib trough concentration was 37.5 (range, 12.1–67.6) µg/mL, which was not significantly different between Japanese RCC and STS patients. The plasma trough concentrations showed significant and positive correlations with aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase values in blood samples taken for pharmacokinetic measurements after the administration. The incidence of pazopanib treatment discontinuation were significantly higher in RCC patients (p = 0.027). The primary reason for treatment discontinuation was hepatic dysfunction (5/6, 83.3%). Furthermore, this study revealed that pazopanib trough concentration was affected significantly by proton pump inhibitors but not by histamine 2-receptor blockers. In conclusion, the observed pazopanib trough levels and their safety in the Japanese RCC and STS populations in this study were similar to those of the global population. This is the first study to correlate the hepatotoxicity and pharmacokinetic property of pazopanib plasma trough levels by comparing Japanese patients with RCC or STS.
Time-scale synchronisation of oscillatory responses can lead to non-monotonous R-tipping
Authors: Swierczek-Jereczek Jan , Robinson Alexander , Blasco Javier , Alvarez-Solas Jorge , Montoya Marisa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRate-induced tipping (R-tipping) describes the fact that, for multistable dynamic systems, an abrupt transition can take place not only because of the forcing magnitude, but also because of the forcing rate. In the present work, we demonstrate through the case study of a piecewise-linear oscillator (PLO), that increasing the rate of forcing can make the system tip in some cases but might also prevent it from tipping in others. This counterintuitive effect is further called non-monotonous R-tipping (NMRT) and has already been observed in recent studies. We show that, in the present case, the reason for NMRT is the peak synchronisation of oscillatory responses operating on different time scales. We further illustrate that NMRT can be observed even in the presence of additive white noise of intermediate amplitude. Finally, NMRT is also observed on a van-der-Pol oscillator with an unstable limit cycle, suggesting that this effect is not limited to systems with a discontinuous right-hand side such as the PLO. This insight might be highly valuable, as the current research on tipping elements is shifting from an equilibrium to a dynamic perspective while using models of increasing complexity, in which NMRT might be observed but hard to understand.
Feature-enhanced text-inception model for Chinese long text classification
Authors: Yang Guo , Jiayu Yan , Dongdong Xu , Zelin Guo , Hai Huan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTo solve the problem regarding unbalanced distribution of multi-category Chinese long texts and improve the classification accuracy thereof, a data enhancement method was proposed. Combined with this method, a feature-enhanced text-inception model for Chinese long text classification was proposed. First, the model used a novel text-inception module to extract important shallow features of the text. Meanwhile, the bidirectional gated recurrent unit (Bi-GRU) and the capsule neural network were employed to form a deep feature extraction module to understand the semantic information in the text; K-MaxPooling was then used to reduce the dimension of its shallow and deep features and enhance the overall features. Finally, the Softmax function was used for classification. By comparing the classification effects with a variety of models, the results show that the model can significantly improve the accuracy of long Chinese text classification and has a strong ability to recognize long Chinese text features. The accuracy of the model is 93.97% when applied to an experimental dataset.
A methodological tool for sustainability and feasibility assessment of indoor vertical farming with artificial lighting in Africa
Authors: Paucek Ivan , Durante Emanuele , Pennisi Giuseppina , Quaini Stefania , Gianquinto Giorgio , Orsini Francesco 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAfrican agriculture is bound to face challenges for its future food systems development and economic transformation. Indoor vertical farms with artificial lighting represent an opportunity that has been gaining relevance worldwide, thanks to their potential to enable high productivity rates, food quality and safety, year-round production, and more sustainable use of water and mineral nutrients. The present study assesses the potential for vertical farming technology integration within the African continent, targeting the countries where a more sustainable approach could be achieved. A deep analysis of each territory’s major opportunities and challenges was built through an updated database of 147 development indicators from 54 African states. Countries such as South Africa, Seychelles, Egypt, Mauritius, Morocco, Tunisia, Algeria, Cape Verde, and Nigeria showed the best prospective for indoor vertical farming implementation. Moreover, Seychelles, South Africa, and Egypt resulted to be the countries where vertical indoor farming could be more sustainable.
Role of vanadium ions substitution on spinel MnCo2O4 towards enhanced electrocatalytic activity for hydrogen generation
Authors: Mohamed M. J. S. , Slimani Y. , Gondal M. A. , Almessiere M. A. , Baykal A. , Hassan M. , Khan A. Z. , Roy Anurag 
Published: February 2023

AbstractImproving efficient electrocatalysts (ECs) for hydrogen generation through water splitting is of significant interest in tackling the upcoming energy crisis. Sustainable hydrogen generation is the primary prerequisite to realizing the future hydrogen economy. This work examines the electrocatalytic activity of hydrothermally prepared vanadium doped MnCo spinel oxide microspheres (MC), MnVxCo2−xO4 (Vx-MnCo MC, where x ≤ 0.4) in the HER (hydrogen evolution reaction) process. Magnetization measurements demonstrated a paramagnetic (at high temperatures) to a ferrimagnetic (at low temperatures) transition below the Curie temperature (Tc) in all the samples. The magnetization is found to intensify with the rising vanadium content of MCs. The optimized catalyst Vx-MnCo MCs (x = 0.3) outperformed other prepared ECs with a Tafel slope of 84 mV/dec, a low onset potential of 78.9 mV, and a low overpotential of 85.9 mV at a current density of 10 mA/cm2, respectively. The significantly improved HER performance of hydrothermally synthesized Vx-MnCo MCs (x = 0.3) is principally attributable to many exposed active sites, accelerated electron transport at the EC/electrolyte interface, and remarkable electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ECSA) value was found ~ 11.4 cm2. Moreover, the Vx-MnCo MCs (x = 0.3) electrode exhibited outstanding electrocatalytic stability after exposure to 1000 cyclic voltametric cycles and 36 h of chronoamperometric testing. Our results suggest a feasible route for developing earth-abundant transition metal oxide-based EC as a superior electrode for future water electrolysis applications.
Engineered mineralogical interfaces as radionuclide repositories
Authors: Douglas G. B. , Reddy S. M. , Saxey D. W. , MacRae C. M. , Webster N. A. S. , Beeching L. J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEffective capture of fugitive actinides and daughter radionuclides constitutes a major remediation challenge at legacy or nuclear accident sites globally. The ability of double-layered, anionic clay minerals known as hydrotalcites (HTC) to contemporaneously sequester a range of contaminants from solution offers a unique remedy. However, HTC do not provide a robust repository for actinide isolation over the long term. In this study, we formed HTC by in-situ precipitation in a barren lixiviant from a uranium mine and thermally transformed the resulting radionuclide-laden, nanoscale HTC. Atomic-scale forensic examination of the amorphized/recrystallised product reveals segregation of U to nanometre-wide mineral interfaces and the local formation of interface-hosted mineral grains. This U-phase is enriched in rare earth elements, a geochemical analogue of actinides such as Np and Pu, and represents a previously unreported radionuclide interfacial segregation. U-rich phases associated with the mineral interfaces record a U concentration factor of ~ 50,000 relative to the original solute demonstrating high extraction and concentration efficiencies. In addition, the co-existing host mineral suite of periclase, spinel-, and olivine-group minerals that equate to a lower mantle, high P–T mineral assemblage have geochemical and geotechnical properties suitable for disposal in a nuclear waste repository. Our results record the efficient sequestering of radionuclides from contaminated water and this novel, broad-spectrum, nanoscale HTC capture and concentration process constitutes a rapid solute decontamination pathway and solids containment option in perpetuity.
Node-based generalized friendship paradox fails
Authors: Evtushenko Anna , Kleinberg Jon 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Friendship Paradox—the principle that “your friends have more friends than you do”—is a combinatorial fact about degrees in a graph; but given that many web-based social activities are correlated with a user’s degree, this fact has been taken more broadly to suggest the empirical principle that “your friends are also more active than you are.” This Generalized Friendship Paradox, the notion that any attribute positively correlated with degree obeys the Friendship Paradox, has been established mathematically in a network-level version that essentially aggregates uniformly over all the edges of a network. Here we show, however, that the natural node-based version of the Generalized Friendship Paradox—which aggregates over nodes, not edges—may fail, even for degree-attribute correlations approaching 1. Whether this version holds depends not only on degree-attribute correlations, but also on the underlying network structure and thus can’t be said to be a universal phenomenon. We establish both positive and negative results for this node-based version of the Generalized Friendship Paradox and consider its implications for social-network data.
Three-dimensional evaluation of the maxillary sinus in patients with different skeletal classes and cranio-maxillary relationships assessed with cone beam computed tomography
Authors: Abate Andrea , Cavagnetto Davide , Lanteri Valentina , Maspero Cinzia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe objective was to evaluate the relationship between the dimensions of the maxillary sinuses (MSs) and various cephalometric parameters. MS volume (MSV), MS surface (MSS), linear maximum depth (LMD), linear maximum width (LMW), and linear maximum height (LMH) were calculated on CBCT scans of 99 adults. Two sets of two-way (ANOVA) assessed the influence respectively of ANB and SNA angles and of the gender on MS dimensions. Pearson’s correlation was calculated between MS dimensions and different cephalometric variables. Reliability and accuracy of the proposed method was tested with intra-operator and inter-operator intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Two-way ANOVA showed no statistically significant difference in MSV, MSS and LMH between ANB groups, whilst males were associated with bigger sinuses. LMW showed statistically significant difference in both ANB and gender groups. LMD showed no statistically significant difference. The second Two-way ANOVA showed significantly larger MSV, MSS and LMD in patients with increased or reduced SNA angle but not between genders. LMW and LMH also showed a significant difference between genders. All linear measurements showed a significant interaction of the two factors. The intra-observer and inter-observer ICC scored high for all the tested measurements. MSV and MSS showed a positive correlation with S-N, PNS-A, S-Go, N-Me, N-Ans and the distance between Mx points. LMW had a negative correlation with Ba-S-N angle and N-Me, LMH with Ba-S-N angle, S-Go and Mx r-Mx l and LMD with N-Me and N-ANS. LMW had a positive correlation with Mx r-Mx l, LMH with S-N, S-N^Ans-Pns, N-Me, N-Ans and LMD with S-N, Ba-S-N, PNS-A, S-Go and distance between Mx points. In conclusion, MSV and MSS did not differ between the three skeletal classes, males showed significantly larger MS than in females. Concerning the influence of the cranio-maxillary relationship (SNA) and gender on MS dimension, subjects with a retrusion (SNA < 80°) or protusion (SNA > 84°) of the maxillary alveolar bone had larger MSV, MSS, LMW, LMH and LMD than subjects with a normal cranio-maxillary relationship (SNA 82 ± 2°). A statistically significant high positive correlation was observed between S-N, Pns-A, S-Go, Mx-R/Mx-r and MS dimension. Further studies that evaluate similar outcomes in different races may be able to enrich our knowledge on this topic.
Hg(II) immobilization and detection using gel formation with tetra-(4-pyridylphenyl)ethylene and an aggregation-induced luminescence effect
Authors: Hu Bing , Wei Taibao , Cui Yanjun , Xu Xia , Li Qiao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTetra-(4-pyridylphenyl)ethylene (TPPE), featuring an aggregation-induced luminescence effect (AIE), has been synthesized and used for selective detection of Hg2+ in DMF/H2O (3:7, v/v) binary solutions. There was a color change from colorless to yellow in the detection of the Hg2+ ions, in addition to an increased fluorescence emission. This shows that TPPE will function as an excellent “turn-on” fluorescence probe in the detection Hg2+. Moreover, the interference of Al3+, Ba2+, Mn2+, Ca2+, Fe3+, Cu2+, Ag+, Cd2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Mg2+, Pb2+, Zn2+, and Cr3+ ions was found to be negligible under optimized solvent conditions. Cysteine and EDTA were also found to form TPPE-based fluorescent switches with the Hg2+ ions. The practical use of the TPPE sensor was also demonstrated by using a specific test kit. Characterization using FT-IR, NMR titration, UV titration, EDS, and HR-MS techniques showed that Hg2+ will form a 1:1 complex with TPPE. Also, the observation of a Tyndall effect, in addition to UV absorption and fluorescence spectra, did clearly demonstrate the presence of an AIE. More noteworthy, TPPE and Hg2+ were found to form a metal–organic gel (MOG) in the DMF solution. The SEM, TEM, ICP, and Zeta potential analyses confirmed that the fluorescent MOG could further adsorb an excess of Hg2+ ions. The BET analyses revealed that the MOG showed a type IV-H3 hysteresis loop according to the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry classification. The results of the XRD analysis and of the spectroscopic titrations show that a π–π stacking may be the auxiliary driving force for the gel formation, after that a coordination has taken place. These results indicate that further research on structurally simple metal ion fluorescent probes, which are based on the AIE, is promising for the achievement of a simultaneous fluorescent detection and adsorption of heavy metal pollutants.