bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of The Utilitarian Need For the High Water Tanks Towers to Sustain Life in the City
Authors: Albadry Amjad Mahmoud a. 
Published: July 2023

The service system has become a necessity of life in modern cities to be the most basic necessities of modern humans, they constitute a major base, which is based on the sustainability of life in the city and a standard measured through the degree of well-being and progress of civilized peoples and their interaction with the surrounding environment, making the services sector as a need not be an option, whenever the cities widened in population and space whenever provision of services and upgrading the quality and quantity more pressing, which made the subject of the services takes the biggest area of the trends and thinking of urban planners and those who in charge of drawing the cities policies. Considering that the processing and transfer of the water system with all its components (stations – water tanks -transmission and distribution pipelines), it is one of the most important parts of the services systems in the city. It has become a key element of the arteries of the establishment of life, but for several considerations of most important ( like storage of water and supplied withconstant pressure that balanced without wobbling at the peak daytime hours with the necessary provision of water to fight fires , as well as secured it to the sectors of city n the maintenance time of the parts of the water system or the occurrence of a failure, with the need to confirm the save and generate energy factor in renewable way). For this in whole and others, the elevated water towers cornerstone of the pillars of the water system was made that can be indispensable in providing outsourcing and distribution network , and on the grounds that the case study concerning our capital Baghdad and its suffering of the water distribution and pressure intermittent problems, this research aims to clarify the idea of the elevated water tanks have become an important actor and is a part of the process and transport of the water in the city's system, and that its presence in a thoughtful siting and storage capacities and sufficient numbers will reduce the cost of the service system and its problems and provides continuously a constant pressure is to rescue the city from the overtaking problems on the network, while avoiding the problems experienced by interruptions in the water supply process, especially in the summer, which will make the water tanksas a necessary structures and essential elements of attractions for recreational activities and benchmarks functions within the city.
Effects of Magnetized Water on the Accumulated Depth of Infiltration
Authors: Al Zubaidy Riyadh Zuhair , Hamza Jinan Namaa , Hindal Amna Sahib 
Published: July 2023

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of magnetized water on accumulated infiltration depth. A test rig was designed and constructed for this purpose was installed at the water tests laboratory of the Department of Water Resources Engineering at the University of aghdad. The investigation was carried out by using two types of soil, different flow velocities throughout magnetizing device and different configuration of magnets over and under the water passage of the magnetizing device. The soils that were used in the experiments are clayey and sandy soils. Six different flow velocities throughout magnetizing device ranged between 0.29 to 1.19 cm/s and ten configurations of arranging the magnets over and under the water passage of the magnetizing device were used. The magnates are sintered neodymium-iron-boron type. Tests results obtained with magnetized water were compared with those of untreated water. Results showed that magnetizing water increases the accumulated infiltration depth for the two types of soil. The highest increase in the accumulated infiltration depth is achieved under low flow velocity throughout the magnetizing device and with ten magnets. This highest increase for the clayey and sandy soils was 98.2% and 34.2%, respectively.
Estimation of Lifting Capacity for Selected Wells in Rumaila Field
Authors: Abbas Rafid Kadhim 
Published: July 2023

This paper deals with studying the effect of hole inclination angle on computing slip velocity and consequently its effect on lifting capacity. The study concentrates on selected vertical wells in Rumaila field, Southern Iraq. Different methods were used to calculate lifting capacity. Lifting capacity is the most important factor for successful drilling and which reflex on preventing hole problems and reduces drilling costs. Many factors affect computing lifting capacity, so hence the effect of hole inclination angle on lifting capacity will be shown in this study. A statistical approach was used to study the lifting capacity values which deal with the effect of hole inclination angle and those values that do not put the effect of hole inclination angle under consideration. Results illustrated that low hole inclination angles had a slight effect on lifting capacity values , but this study could be used on high inclination angles like directional wells or horizontal wells , hence high hole inclinations angle will yields high effect on lifting capacity values.
Rotating Ceramic Water Filter Discs System for Water Filtration
Authors: Al Zubaidy Riyadh Z. , Al-Khafaji Mahmoud , Al-Saadi Riyadh J. M. 
Published: July 2023

This work aimed to design, construct and operate a new laboratory scale water filtration system. This system was used to examine the efficiency of two ceramic filter discs as a medium for water filtration. These filters were made from two different ceramic mixtures of local red clay, sawdust, and water. The filtration system was designed with two rotating interfered modules of these filters. Rotating these modules generates shear force between water and the surfaces of filter discs of the filtration modules that works to reduce thickness of layer of rejected materials on the filters surfaces. Each module consists of seven filtration units and each unit consists of two ceramic filter discs. The average measured hydraulic conductivity of the first module was 13.7mm/day and that for the second module was 50mm/day. Results showed that the water filtration system can be operated continuously with a constant flow rate and the filtration process was controlled by a skin thin layer of rejected materials. The ceramic water filters of both filtration modules have high removal efficiency of total suspended solids up to 100% and of turbidity up to 99.94%.
Evaluation the Mechanical Properties of Shot Peened TIG Welded Aluminum Sheets
Authors: Al-Abideen Ahmed Ameed Zain , Mohmmed Jabbar Hussein , Mahmood Najmuldeen Yousif 
Published: July 2023

A tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding is one of the most popular kinds of welding used to join metals mainly for aluminum alloys. However, many challenges may be met with this kind of joining process; these challenges arise from decay of mechanical properties of welded materials. In the present study, an attempt was made to enhancing the mechanical properties of TIG weld joint of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy by hardening the surfaces using shoot peening technique. To optimize the shoot peening process three times of exposure (5, 10, and 15) min. was used. All peened and unpeened, and welded and unwelded samples were characterized by metallographic test to indicate the phase transformation and modification in microstructure occurring during welding process. Tensile test and Vickers micro-hardness measurements were performed for all samples to investigate the effect of shoot peening on mechanical properties of welded aluminum.The results indicated a significant improvement in properties for peened welded and unwelded samples compared with those unpeened one. Also, the results showed that the tensile and microhardness properties were increased with increasing the time of exposure to 15 min. due to generation of compressive residual stresses at surface.
Evaluation of Urban Planning Projects Criteria Using Fuzzy AHP Technique
Authors: Kamas Walid Mustafa , Naji Hafeth I. , Hasan Aya A. 
Published: July 2023

In this research, Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process technique is applied (Fuzzy AHP) which is one of multi-criteria decision making techniques to evaluate the criteria for urban planning projects, the project of developing master plan of Al-Muqdadiyah city to 2035 has been chosen as a case study. The researcher prepared a list of criteria in addition to the authorized departments criteria and previous researches in order to choose optimized master plan according to these criteria. This research aims at employing the foundations of (Fuzzy AHP) technique in evaluating urban planning criteria precisely and flexible. The results of the data analysis to the individuals of the sample who are specialists, in this aspect. The land use criteria are more important than the rest of the criteria in these projects, where it received the relative importance with percentile (42.1 %).
Influence of Internal Sulfate Attack on Some Properties of Self Compacted Concrete
Authors: Al-Obaidy Hadeel Khalid Awad 
Published: July 2023

Self-compacted concrete (SCC) is a highly flowable concrete, with no segregation which can be spread into place by filling the structures framework and permeate the reinforcement without any compaction or mechanical consolidation ACI 237R-14. One of the most important problems faced by concrete industry in Iraq and Gulf Arab land is deterioration due to internal sulfate attack (ISA) that causes damage of concrete and consequently reduces its compressive strength, increases expansion and may lead to its cracking and destruction. The experimental program was focused to study two ordinary Portland cements with different chemical composition with (5, 10 and 15) % percentage of high reactivity metakaoline (HRM) as a cement replacement and with W/Cm ratio 0.35. The SCC mixes with AL Shemalia OPC cement that produced in Saudi Arabia (C3 A=7.02%) shows higher resistance to ISA than mixes with Tasluja OPC cement that is produced in Iraq (C3 A=4.13%). The results indicate that the SCC mixes containing 15% HRM shows higher opposition to ISA. A good correlation was obtained between concrete splitting tensile strength and compressive strength from the results of this study.
Biotreatment of Slaughterhouse Wastewater Accompanied with Electrcity Generation and Nutrients Recovery in Microbial Fuel Cell
Authors: Ismail Zainab Ziad , Mohammed Ali Jassim 
Published: July 2023

In recent years and decades, there is a great need for developing new alternative energy sources or renewable sustainable energy. On the other hand, new technology approaches are growing . towards benefits from the valuable nutrients in wastewater which are unrecoverable by traditional wastewater treatment processes. In the current study, a novel integrated system of microbial fuel cell and anoxic bioreactor (MFC-ANB) was designed and constructed to investigate its potential for slaughterhouses wastewater treatment, nitrogen recovery, and power generation. The system consisted of a double-chamber tubular type MFC with biocathode inoculated with freshly collected activated sludge. The MFC-ANB system was continuously fed with real-field slaughterhouse wastewater, with initial concentrations of COD and ammonium were 990 mg/L and 200 mg-N/L, respectively. The MFC-ANB system was operated for a total period of 43 days. Maximum removal efficiencies of COD, ammonium, nitrate, nitrogen recovery, Columbic efficiency, and power generation were 99%, 99.3%, 100%, 100%, 13.37% and 162.22 mW/m2 , respectively.
Study the effect of microbial factor on the qualities and characteristics of Novolak composite material, reinforced glass fibers / Asbestos fibers.
Authors: Abbas Rola Abdul Khader , ALSaleh Saleh Abdol Reza , Agil Asirae atiya 
Published: July 2023

The study was reflection of the impact of the widespread use of polymer Novolak composite reinforced Glass fiber and Asbestos fiber once again with weight fraction 60% on the physical properties, which included (Hardness, Compressive deformation, compressive modulus of elasticity, Flexural modulus of elasticity, Resilience modulus, the maximum of Flexural strength, Flexural strain energy and Shear strength inner layers); it is known how much important the media as a source of bacterial contamination, which contributes directly or indirectly in the process of aging of these materials. These Novolak composite reinforced, prepared by weight fraction of (10%) and (14%) of the Hexamethylene-tetraamine (HMTA) hardener material. It showed the results of the comparison, the composite prepared to offer bacterial media, negatively effect on Hardness, Compressive strengths, Flexural strength and Flexural strain stored energy The research also concluded clear results, which is that there is the possibility to delay the aging process of the presence of bacterial circles, using glass fibers in the polymer Novolak composite reinforced, more than it is the use of asbestos fiber. And increase the weight fraction of hardener material to be 14%, coefficient of resilience reversal less than it is in the rest of the models, which leads to raise the value of the work done at the end of proportionality.
Mismanagement Reasons of the Projects Execution Phase
Authors: Al-Agele Hatem Khaleefah , Ali Abdulmajeed Jafar 
Published: July 2023

The execution phase of the project is most dangerous and the most drain on the resources during project life cycle, therefore, its need to monitor and control by specialists to exceeded obstructions and achieve the project goals. The study aims to detect the actual reasons behind mismanagement of the execution phase. The study begins with theoretical part, where it deals with the concepts of project, project selection, project management, and project processes. Field part consists of three techniques: 1- brainstorming, 2- open interviews with experts and 3- designed questionnaire (with 49 reason. These reasons result from brainstorming and interviewing with experts.), in order to find the real reasons behind mismanagement of the execution phase. The most important reasons which are negatively impact on management of the execution phase that proven by the study were (Inability of company to meet project requirements because it's specialized and / or large project, Multiple sources of decision and overlap in powers, Inadequate planning, Inaccurate estimation of cost, Delayed cash flows by owners, Poor performance of project manager, inefficient decision making process, and the Negative impact of people in the project area). Finally, submitting a set of recommendations which will contribute to overcome the obstructions of successful management of the execution phase.
Comparison the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Composite Materials (Al /SiC and Al/ B4C) Produced by Powder Technology
Authors: Salman Khansaa Dawood 
Published: July 2023

In this investigation, metal matrix composites (MMCs) were manufactured by using powder technology. Aluminum 6061 is reinforced with two different ceramics particles (SiC and B4C) with different volume fractions as (3, 6, 9 and 12 wt. %). The most important applications of particulate reinforcement of aluminum matrix are: Pistons, Connecting rods etc. The specimens were prepared by using aluminum powder with 150 µm in particle size and SiC, B4C powder with 200 µm in particle size. The chosen powders were mixed by using planetary mixing setup at 250 rpm for 4hr.with zinc stearate as an activator material in steel ball milling. After mixing process the powders were compacted by hydraulic unidirectional press type (Leybold Harris No. 36110) at 250 Kg/cm2 according to (ASTM-D 618). Finally the green compacts were sintered at 500 for 3 hr. by using electrical furnace with argon atmosphere. There are many examinations and tests were done for the produced metal matrix composites (MMCS), (Al/ SiC and Al/B4C) such as examination of the microstructure, mechanical tests (hardness and compressive strength), physical tests (density test before and after sintering, also porosity test). The results of this investigation showed that improving the physical properties (theoretical density, experimental density, porosity) and mechanical properties (Rockwell hardness and compressive strength).
Impact of Preparing HMA with Modified Asphalt Cement on Moisture and Temperature Susceptibility
Authors: Hadi Sahar Safaa 
Published: July 2023

Many researchers tried to prevent or reduce moisture damage and its sensitivity to temperature to improving the performance of hot mix asphalt because it is decreasing the functional and structural life of fixable pavement due to the moisture damage had exposed to it.
The main objective of this study is to inspect the effect of (fly ash “3%, 6%, 12%”, hydrated lime”5%, 10%, 20%” and silica fumes”1%, 2%, 4%) referring to previous research by the net weight asphalt cement as a modified material on the moisture and temperature sensitivity of hot mix asphalt. This was done using asphalt from AL-Nasiria refinery with penetration grade 40-50, nominal maximum size (12.5) mm (surface course) of aggregate and one type of mineral fillers (limestone dust) with 7%.
To achieve the requirements of this study, the indirect tensile strength test according to (AASHTO T 283) criteria and compressive strength test were adopted to evaluate the index of retained strength according to (ASTM D 1075) to identify the moisture damage as well as indirect tensile strength test to evaluate sensitivity to temperature of the hot mix asphalt using modification and net asphalt.
These tests showed that there is a significant evolution in the resistance to moisture damage and decrease in the sensitivity to temperature of hot mix asphalt with modifying asphalt compared to the reference mixture.
Modelling and Optimization of Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel in Phosphoric Acid by Red Pomegranate Peels Aqueous Extract
Authors: Rashid Khalid Hamid , Shakor Zaidoon Muhsen , Ahmed Ayad Bahaddin 
Published: July 2023

Taguchi experimental design (TED) is applied to find the optimum effectiveness of aqueous Red Pomegranate Peel (RPP) extract as a green inhibitor for the corrosion of mild steel in 2M H3PO4 solution. The Taguchi methodology has been used to study the effects of changing, temperature, RPP concentration and contact period, at three levels. Weight-loss measurements were designed by construction a L9 orthogonal arrangement of experiments. Results of the efficiencies of inhibition were embraced for the signal to noise proportion & investigation of variance (ANOVA). The results were further processed with a MINITAB-17 software package to find the optimal conditions for inhibitor usage. Second order polynomial model was used for experimental data fitting. Optimum conditions for achieving the maximum corrosion inhibition efficiency are obtained from optimizing the above model and are found as follow: 39.66 °C temperature of acidic media, 38.29 ml/L inhibitor concentration and 2.95 h contact period. Results demonstrated that rate of corrosion was increased with temperature increasing & decreasing inhibitor concentration. It was concluded that the Taguchi design was adequately useful in the optimization of operating parameters and that RPP sufficiently inhibited the corrosion of steel at the range of variables studied.
Fear of Missing Out dan Kasus Seks Bebas Pada Remaja di Wilayah Hukum Polres Batubara
Authors: Muchlis Sri , Mailin  , Azhar  , Teuku Faisal  , Batubara Ahmad Fauzi 
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak Fear of Missing Out (FoMo) terhadap perilaku seks bebas pada remaja di wilayah hukum Polres Batubara. FoMo adalah ketakutan dari seseorang untuk ketinggalan informasi apapun di media sosial. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian analisis deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui observasi dan wawancara, serta kajian pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa penggunaan media sosial secara berlebihan akan menciptakan FoMo. Dampak FoMo bukan hanya diartikan sebagai menatap layar ponsel dalam waktu yang lama. Lebih dari itu, FoMo atau kecanduan dalam bermedia sosial membuat kita lupa akan batasan-batasan yang harus dijaga, sehingga terpengaruh hal negatif. Salah satunya menjadi pemicu perilaku seks bebas pada remaja. Menurut data Unit Perlindungan Anak dan Perempuan (PPA) Polres Batubara, Pada tahun 2019 silam, terjadi 93 kasus, di tahun 2020 terjadi 126 kasus, dan sejak awal Januari hingga Juni 2021 telah terjadi 62 kasus. Penyebab seluruh kasus yang mereka tangani tidak lain adalah FoMo
Strategi Komunikasi Taruna Siaga Bencana Dalam Mensosialisasikan Urgensi Mitigasi Bencana di Kota Medan
Authors: Tanjung Rachma Sari , Sikumbang Ahmad Tamrin , Winda Kustiawan  
Published: July 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui strategi komunikasi Tagana, efektivitasnya, dan kendala yang dihadapi dalam penanggulangan bencana di Kota Medan. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan Observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan pengolahan dan analisis data diawali dengan reduksi data yang terkumpul dilapangan, kemudian menyajikan data dan menarik kesimpulan. Informan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Kepala Dinas Sosial Kota Medan, Sekretaris Dinas Sosial Kota Medan, Koordinator Jabatan Fungsional Perlindungan Sosial Korban Bencana Alam, Koordinator Jabatan Fungsional Perlindungan Sosial Korban Bencana Sosial, dan Koordinator Tagana Kota Medan, Strategi komunikasi Tagana Pertama, serta perencanaan yang dilakukan meliputi persiapan, penilaian kerentanan bencana, membangun komunikasi dengan instansi terkait, dan menyiapkan bantuan yang mampu dalam hal penanggulangan bencana. Temuan penelitian meliputi strategi komunikasi. melakukan geladi bersih, simulasi bencana, dan pelatihan. Kedua, efisiensi strategi komunikasi Tagana yang mendorong masyarakat untuk selalu siap menghadapi bencana dan mengedukasi masyarakat tentang pentingnya penanaman pohon dan kebersihan lingkungan. Selain itu, Tagana telah mengajarkan masyarakat setempat untuk mengadakan diskusi kota siaga bencana di setiap sub-wilayah, mengajar siswa melalui program Tagana go to school, siap untuk merencanakan kerjasama dalam pemerintahan dan para stakeholder. Ketiga, mereka menghadapi perbedaan teknis, semantik, manusia dan individu sebagai hambatan komunikasi
Forms of Ocular Larval Toxocariasis in Childhood. A Review
Authors: Krásný Jan , Šach Josef 
Published: July 2023

The aim of this paper is to present an outline of forms of ocular manifestations of visceral larva migrans in children, as illustrated by the extensive photographic documentation. Ocular larval toxocariasis (OLT) has various clinical manifestations even in childhood age, in which age representation has an influence. The most common is presence of peripheral granuloma of the eye, frequently with a tractional vitreal streak leading from the retinal periphery to the optic nerve papilla. This is followed by granuloma of the posterior pole of the eye, usually reaching from the macular landscape to the central retinal periphery, always with vitritis. In children OLT may be manifested also in affliction of the optic nerve (cystic granuloma of the head of the optic nerve or neuropathy with vitreal reaction), fulminant endophthalmitis and in rare cases also diffuse chorioretinitis. The diagnosis rests upon a clinical ophthalmological finding, as well as laboratory examination of the levels of antibodies with potential eosinophilia. Histological examination may demonstrate spherical polypoid ossification in the choroid at the posterior pole of the eye as a consequence of fibrotisation and calcification, proceeding from the surrounding area of the absorbed larva. General combined treatment with antihelminthics and corticosteroids is arduous and does not always produce the desired effect in the sense of a satisfactory improvement of visual acuity. In differential diagnostics, manifestations of OLT in small children are still associated with retinoblastoma and a clinical picture of other intraocular diseases.