bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experiencing multiple concurrent functional gastrointestinal disorders is associated with greater symptom severity and worse quality of life in chronic constipation and defecation disorders
Authors: Kaplan Adam I. , Mazor Yoav , Prott Gillian M. , Sequeira Carol , Jones Michael P. , Malcolm Allison 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundRecent community‐based studies have demonstrated that experiencing multiple concurrent functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) is associated with increased somatization, worse quality of life (QoL), and greater health care utilization. However, the presence of multiple overlapping FGIDs is unstudied specifically in chronic constipation and functional defecation disorders (FDD). We investigated the prevalence and impact of additional nonconstipation FGIDs on constipation severity, anorectal physiology, anxiety and depression, and QoL, in patients with chronic constipation and FDD.MethodsOne‐hundred and forty‐six consecutive patients with functional constipation or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS‐C/IBS‐M) presenting to a tertiary referral Neurogastroenterology Clinic were studied. In addition, 90/146 (62%) qualified for FDD due to abnormal defecatory physiology. Patients underwent comprehensive baseline assessment comprising anorectal physiology, Bristol Stool Chart, Rome questionnaire, Knowles‐Eccersley‐Scott‐Symptom (KESS) constipation score, Hospital Anxiety, and Depression Scale, and modified 36‐Item Short Form Health Survey (SF‐36) for QoL. Additional FGIDs were diagnosed using Rome III criteria.Key ResultsAdditional nonconstipation FGIDs occurred in 85% of patients, with a mean of 2.1 (SD 1.6) additional FGIDs. Patients with four or more additional FGIDs experienced greater constipation severity compared to those with no additional FGIDs (p = 0.004). Comorbid FGIDs were associated with worse SF‐36 scores for physical functioning (p < 0.001), role‐physical (p = 0.005), bodily pain (p < 0.001), vitality (p = 0.008), social functioning (p = 0.004), and mental health index (p = 0.031).Conclusions and InferencesFunctional gastrointestinal disorders comorbidity is highly prevalent in chronic constipation and defecatory disorders, and this is associated with greater symptom severity and worse QoL. Multimodal treatments targeting comorbid FGIDs may lead to superior outcomes.
The Boltzmann Brains Puzzle
Authors: Avni Ron 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLeading cosmological theories engender a controversial puzzle which has prompted philosophers to propose competing epistemological solutions and physicists to propose methodological changes to cosmology. The puzzle arises from the prediction that every brain on Earth will eventually be vastly outnumbered by physical duplicates formed by random collisions of particles in outer space. Supposing that this prediction is correct, shouldn't you believe that your brain is probably one of these vastly more typical extraterrestrial brains, since you cannot infer your brain's origin from your experiential state? But supposing that your brain is one of these extraterrestrial brains, why be confident in the cosmological theories, since you never actually received testimony supporting these theories? Proposals in the literature either deny the rationality of believing theories that make the prediction or deny the typicality of your brain among its duplicates. This paper argues that these proposals are not entirely satisfactory. Instead, one should be confident in theories making the prediction on the supposition that your brain is one of the extraterrestrial brains. The upshots include that it may be rational to believe that your brain is probably an extraterrestrial brain and that cosmologists should not alter their methodology in response to the puzzle.
KDM4D enhances osteo/dentinogenic differentiation and migration of SCAPs via binding to RPS5
Authors: Liang Hanbing , Li Qian , Wang Ning , Wang Chunxiong , Shi Shaojing , Yang Haoqing , Cao Yangyang , Shi Ruitang , Jin Luyuan , Zhang Chen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectivesStem cells of the apical papilla (SCAPs) provide promising candidates for dental pulp regeneration. Despite great advances in the transcriptional controls of the SCAPs fate, little is known about the regulation of SCAP differentiation.Materials and MethodsShort hairpin RNAs and full‐length RNA were used to deplete or overexpress lysine demethylase 4D (KDM4D) gene expression. Western blotting, real‐time RT‐PCR, alizarin red staining, and scratch migration assays were used to study the role of KDM4D and the ribosomal protein encoded by RPS5 in SCAPs. RNA microarray, chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), and co‐immunoprecipitation (Co‐IP) assays were performed to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms.ResultsKDM4D enhanced the osteo/dentinogenic differentiation, migration, and chemotaxis of SCAPs. The microarray results revealed that 88 mRNAs were differentially expressed in KDM4D‐overexpressed SCAPs. ChIP results showed knock‐down of KDM4D increased the level of H3K9me2 and H3K9me3 in CNR1 promoter region. There were 37 possible binding partners of KDM4D. KDM4D was found to combine with RPS5, which also promoted the osteo/dentinogenic differentiation, migration, and chemotaxis of SCAPs.ConclusionsKDM4D promoted the osteo/dentinogenic differentiation and migration potential of SCAPs in combination with RPS5, which provides a therapeutic clue for improving SCAPs‐based dental tissue regeneration.
The alcohol harm paradox and tooth loss among Brazilian older adults
Authors: Oliveira Leandro Machado , Pelissari Thayná Regina , Moreira Carlos Heitor Cunha , Ardenghi Thiago Machado , Demarco Flávio Fernando , Zanatta Fabrício Batistin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate whether the association between alcohol consumption and tooth loss is modified across socioeconomic positions (SEPs) in Brazilian older adults.MethodsWe conducted a secondary analysis using data of The Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSI‐Brazil 2015–2016). Effect Measure Modification (EMM) analyses using multivariable Poisson regression models tested whether the association between heavy drinking and lack of functional dentition (FD) varies in magnitude and direction according to levels of Household Wealth index (HWI) and educational attainment, assessed by the Relative Excess Risk due to Interaction (RERI). Sensitivity analyses using lifetime exposure to alcohol were performed.ResultsThe analytical sample comprised 8078 participants. Heavy drinkers living in low‐wealth households and with lower education presented 7% (95% CI: 1.01–1.14) and 36% (95% CI: 1.28–1.44) higher prevalence of lack of FD, respectively, than their counterparts, and super‐additive associations were detected [RERI for HWI: 0.12 (95% CI: 0.02–0.21); RERI for educational attainment: 0.20 (95% CI: 0.09–0.30)]. The associations were also super‐additive in the sensitivity analyses when controlling for abstainer reference group bias.ConclusionWe suggest that alcohol consumption disproportionately impacts the prevalence of tooth loss in Brazilian older adults from lower SEP groups.
Language patterns in Japanese patients with Alzheimer disease: A machine learning approach
Authors: Momota Yuki , Liang Kuo‐ching , Horigome Toshiro , Kitazawa Momoko , Eguchi Yoko , Takamiya Akihiro , Goto Akiko , Mimura Masaru , Kishimoto Taishiro 
Published: December 2022

AimThe authors applied natural language processing and machine learning to explore the disease‐related language patterns that warrant objective measures for assessing language ability in Japanese patients with Alzheimer disease (AD), while most previous studies have used large publicly available data sets in Euro‐American languages.MethodsThe authors obtained 276 speech samples from 42 patients with AD and 52 healthy controls, aged 50 years or older. A natural language processing library for Python was used, spaCy, with an add‐on library, GiNZA, which is a Japanese parser based on Universal Dependencies designed to facilitate multilingual parser development. The authors used eXtreme Gradient Boosting for our classification algorithm. Each unit of part‐of‐speech and dependency was tagged and counted to create features such as tag‐frequency and tag‐to‐tag transition‐frequency. Each feature's importance was computed during the 100‐fold repeated random subsampling validation and averaged.ResultsThe model resulted in an accuracy of 0.84 (SD = 0.06), and an area under the curve of 0.90 (SD = 0.03). Among the features that were important for such predictions, seven of the top 10 features were related to part‐of‐speech, while the remaining three were related to dependency. A box plot analysis demonstrated that the appearance rates of content words–related features were lower among the patients, whereas those with stagnation‐related features were higher.ConclusionThe current study demonstrated a promising level of accuracy for predicting AD and found the language patterns corresponding to the type of lexical‐semantic decline known as ‘empty speech’, which is regarded as a characteristic of AD.
Root‐released organic compounds in aquaponics and their potential effects on system performance
Authors: Senff Paula , Baßmann Björn , Kaiser Frederik , Harbach Harvey , Robin Christophe , Fontaine Pascal 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOptimizing production in aquaponics requires in‐depth knowledge of the plant, fish and microbial compartments. This opinion paper is focused on root‐released organic compounds and their implication in aquaponics, an area that has received little to no direct research to date. Key scientific literature from two distinct fields of study—phytochemicals in aquaculture science and root exudates in plant science—reveals possible pathways and effects. Root exudates, passively or actively released by plants as a stress response, protection or signalling, have the potential to influence the systems microbiome and the cultured fish, as similar phytochemicals have been found to affect bacterial abundance and diversity and fish health and behaviour. These are key aspects to run aquaponics successfully, which shows the need for further investigation to better understand sources and mechanisms of such molecules and possible ways to harness beneficial effects that can guide new research directions as the role of aquaponics grows in recirculating aquaculture.
Potential of innovative marine aquaculture techniques to close nutrient cycles
Authors: Lothmann Ricarda , Sewilam Hani 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAquaculture is an established technique for producing marine species. However, it creates large amounts of nutrient‐rich waste. Therefore, it is worth examining the methods available to use these nutrients and close the nutrient cycle. This review covers research activities of different saline water methods for food production. These are Integrated Multi‐Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA), Biofloc Technology (BFT) and marine aquaponics. IMTA combines on‐ and offshore aquaculture with macroalgae and filter feeder production. Commercial implementations have been achieved but are not widely used. Especially shrimp are suitable for cultivation in saline BFT systems. Few commercial deployments exist. There is a well‐established market for the products of IMTA and BFT systems. Marine aquaponics is increasingly being tested as part of an expansion of Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS) and BFT systems, but commercial implementations are not known. Moreover, there is no established market for the resulting salt‐tolerant plants (halophytes). Market prices and popularity were evaluated to assess the economic potential of the different plant and aquaculture species farmed with IMTA, BFT and marine aquaponics. There are established markets for well‐known products, but therefore the competition is greater. Niche products are offered occasionally, but often achieve top prices. Closing nutrient cycles and increasing saline water usage for food production as well as high product diversity are necessary to mitigate the increasing pressure on freshwater resources and to be able to feed the growing world population. Therefore, IMTA, BFT and marine aquaponics are promising techniques for reducing pressure on freshwater resources and improving food supply.
Internet usage and the income gap between self‐employed individuals and employees: Evidence from China
Authors: Ma Xinxin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUsing longitudinal data from the China Family Panel Studies, we investigate the impact of Internet usage on the income gap between self‐employed individuals and employees in China, considering the sample selection bias and individual heterogeneity issues. We divided employment statuses into three types―small entrepreneur, own‐account worker, and employee. The findings reveal the following: First, the returns from Internet usage differ by employment type, which is lower for self‐employed individuals than that for employees. Second, the difference in Internet usage contributes to widening the income gap, whereas the difference in the returns from Internet usage to income contributes to narrowing it. Finally, Internet usage exerts a greater impact on the income gap between employees and small entrepreneurs than that between employees and own‐account workers. These empirical results suggest that the division of Internet access may exacerbate the segmentation of the formal and informal sectors in China.
Built Environment Professionals’ Perception of the Importance of Facility Management Professionals at the Design Stage
Authors: Oluwunmi Adedamola Olufunke 
Published: December 2022

There is a misconception that facility management (FM) professionals are needed only after a building has been completed, in order to manage maintenance and operating expenses. Hence, they are hardly considered an essential part of the design team. To query this notion, this study investigated the perception of built environment professionals on the importance of FM professionals at the design stage. Quantitative research using a questionnaire survey was adopted. Three hundred and forty questionnaires were administered to four categories of built environment professionals (engineers - civil, electrical and mechanical; architects; quantity surveyors, and builders) in Lagos, Nigeria and 266 (78%) of the questionnaires were found useful for analysis. The data was analysed using percentages, mean, relative importance index (RII) and Kruskal-Wallis test. The outcome of the analysis showed that respondents agree that FM professionals are important at the design stage in order to review design from a maintenance, operation, and serviceability perspective. The study also revealed that architects and quantity surveyors are fully convinced that FM professionals are crucial at the design stage, while builders and engineers are not. It was suggested that the governing body of FM professionals, the International Facility Management Association (IFMA), should organize forums where other built environment professionals can be educated on the importance of involving FM professionals at the design stage. Moreover, IFMA should leverage its membership base to secure meetings with owners of facilities with high running costs and demonstrate to them the savings accruable had they engaged FM professionals at the design stage. This is with a view to encouraging such owners to engage IFMA members from the onset of their subsequent projects. Doing so will ensure the delivery of cost-efficient facilities.
How Much Can VR Improve Spatial Experience? - A Case Study with a Commercial Building Project
Authors: Juan Yi-Kai , Chi Hao-Yun , Zhang Yang 
Published: December 2022

With the development of Industry 4.0 and the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic, the global construction industry has undergone a rapid digital transformation, pushing the development of building information modeling (BIM), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR) and mixed reality (MR) technologies towards greater maturity. However, from the perspective of building developers and end users, does VR technology have any benefit for complex building projects? What are users' acceptance and evaluation on VR emerging technology? After constructing a VR simulation navigation system for an actual commercial building project, this study investigated and compared the differences between using the VR system and the traditional navigation system in the four dimensions of the technology acceptance model. The results showed that the subjects generally believed that the VR system has significant benefits in terms of usefulness, users’ attitude, and users’ intention, however, there is still room for improvement in the perceived ease of use. Moreover, feedback from developers supported the benefits of the VR technology validated the system effectiveness. Hence, VR and BIM technologies are recommended to be effectively integrated, in order to enhance the integrity of industrial applications and establish a new design communication and collaboration model for the architecture, engineering, construction, and facility management industry.
Perspective and Practices of Social Sustainability across Construction Project Lifecycle
Authors: Kordi Nurul Elma , Belayutham Sheila , Che Ibrahim Che Khairil Izam 
Published: December 2022

Previous research has suggested incorporating social sustainability into the construction project lifecycle. However, the understanding and means of incorporating social sustainability practices throughout the project lifecycle remain unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to fill a knowledge gap by investigating the “real experiences” and “perspectives” of industry practitioners on social sustainability practices throughout the construction project lifecycle. The study began with a literature review to identify social sustainability attributes, which were then confirmed through structured interviews with 15 practitioners, and the data were then analysed thematically. The practitioners unanimously agreed that the social sustainability attributes could be divided into nine (9) main attributes along with the 20 sub-attributes, namely: 1) safety and health; 2) impact assessment; 3) employment; 4) stakeholder involvement; 5) satisfaction; 6) quality education; 7) social procurement; 8) protection design/belonging; and 9) human right. The practitioners have positioned the nine main social sustainability attributes into the different phases of the construction project lifecycle, based on actual practices in their projects and their professional opinion on the subject matter. Stakeholder Involvement shows the largest gap for improvement (31.7%), followed by the attributes of Worker Health and Safety (23.3%), Protection of Cultural Heritage (21.7%), and Social Procurement (21.7%). Findings from this study would benefit the industry stakeholders in incorporating social sustainability at different phases of the construction project lifecycle. The framework gives a comprehensive understanding of social sustainability that can be utilized to enhance construction project planning and sustainable development. The novelty also lies in the consolidation of social sustainability attributes for practitioners in construction that could act as a reference for any future developments related to social sustainability in construction.
The Soviet Home Front during the Great Patriotic War: Modern Historiography about the Nature and Evolution of the Mobilization System
Authors: Khlevniuk O. V. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This review examines the latest historiography of the Soviet home front during the Great Patriotic War. The focus is on investigations into various aspects of the problem of the limit state of the Soviet mobilization system. Aimed at the super-intensive use of the country’s resources in the interests of the front, the maximum mobilization gave rise to numerous contradictions that required prompt resolution. For this reason, its integral feature was a complex of adjustments of a private and fundamental nature, to which the system was subjected consciously (from above) or spontaneously (from below). It was in this altered state, which enhanced its effectiveness, that it ensured victory in the war and had a significant impact on the subsequent evolution of the Soviet Union.
Biomarkers of tumor-reactive CD4+and CD8+TILs associate with improved prognosis in endometrial cancer.
Authors: Palomero Jara , Panisello Carla , Lozano-Rabella Maria , Tirtakasuma Ricky , Díaz-Gómez Judit , Grases Daniela , Pasamar Helena , Arregui Laura , Dorca Duch Eduard , Guerra Fernández Esther , Vivancos Ana , de Andrea Carlos E , Melero Ignacio , Ponce Jordi , Vidal August , Piulats Josep Maria , Matias-Guiu Xavier , Gros Alena 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundDespite the growing interest in immunotherapeutic interventions for endometrial cancer (EC), the prevalence, phenotype, specificity and prognostic value of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in this tumor type remains unclear.MethodsTo better understand the role of TILs in EC, we analyzed the phenotypic traits of CD8+and CD4+EC-resident T cells from 47 primary tumors by high-dimensional flow cytometry. In addition, CD8+and CD4+TIL subpopulations were isolated based on the differential expression of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) (negative, dim and high) and CD39 (positive or negative) by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS), expanded in vitro, and screened for autologous tumor recognition. We further investigated whether phenotypic markers preferentially expressed on CD8+and CD4+tumor-reactive TIL subsets were associated with the four distinct molecular subtypes of EC, tumor mutational burden and patient survival.ResultsWe found that CD8+TILs expressing high levels of PD-1 (PD-1hi) co-expressed CD39, TIM-3, HLA-DR and CXCL13, as compared with TILs lacking or displaying intermediate levels of PD-1 expression (PD-1−and PD-1dim, respectively). Autologous tumor reactivity of sorted and in vitro expanded CD8+ TILs demonstrated that the CD8+PD-1dimCD39+and PD-1hiCD39+T cell subsets both contained tumor-reactive TILs and that a higher level of PD-1 expression was associated with increased CD39 and a superior frequency of tumor reactivity. With respect to CD4+T conventional (Tconv) TILs, co-expression of inhibitory and activation markers was more apparent on PD-1hicompared with PD-1−or PD-1dimT cells, and in fact, it was the CD4+PD-1hisubpopulation that accumulated the antitumor T cells irrespective of CD39 expression. Most importantly, detection of CD8+PD-1hiCD39+ and CD4+PD-1hitumor-reactive T-cell subsets, but also markers specifically expressed by these subpopulations of TILs, that is, PD-1hi, CD39, CXCL13 and CD103 by CD8+TILs and PD-1hiand CXCL13 by CD4+Tconv TILs, correlated with prolonged survival of patients with EC.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that EC are frequently infiltrated by tumor-reactive TILs, and that expression of PD-1hiand CD39 or PD-1hican be used to select and expand CD8+and CD4+tumor-reactive TILs, respectively. In addition, biomarkers preferentially expressed on tumor-reactive TILs, rather than the frequency of CD3+, CD8+and CD4+lymphocytes, hold prognostic value suggesting their protective role in antitumor immunity.