bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictability of success for combined iStent inject trabecular bypass implantation with phacoemulsification in the subsequent eye
Authors: Kiessling David , Rennings Corinna , Hild Matthias , Lappas Alexandra , Dietlein Thomas S. , Roessler Gernot F. , Widder Randolf A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate in combined iStent inject implantation with phacoemulsification carried out bilaterally, whether intraocular pressure (IOP)‐lowering effectiveness in the first eye has a predictive potential for the outcome of the second eye in primary open‐angle glaucoma (POAG).MethodsThis retrospective study included 72 eyes from 36 participants, who underwent trabecular bypass implantation in combination with cataract surgery at two study centres (Düsseldorf, Cologne). Surgery was classified as either ‘success’ or ‘failure’ based on three scores: IOP at follow‐up <21 mmHg (Score A) or IOP < 18 mmHg (Score B), with an IOP reduction >20% respectively, without re‐surgery and IOP ≤ 15 mmHg with an IOP reduction ≥40%, without re‐surgery (Score C).ResultsThe IOP lowering outcomes of first and second eyes did not differ significantly. There was a significantly higher chance of success in the second eye after effective surgery in the first eye compared with cases after a preceding failure. Within our cohort, a 76% probability of success for the subsequent eye was determined following prior success for Score A. This probability was reduced to 13% if surgery in the first eye failed. The respective probabilities were 75% and 13% for Score B and 40% and 7% for Score C.ConclusionsIn bilateral trabecular bypass implantation combined with cataract surgery, there is a high predictive potential for subsequent eyes based on the extent of IOP‐lowering in the initial eye, which should be considered by the surgeon for second eye surgeries.
Circular RNA as biomarkers for acute ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Wan Mengyao , Min Xiaoli , Chu Guanglei , Luo Yumin , Han Ziping , Li Wei , Xu Ran , Luo Jichang , Li Wenjing , Yang Yutong , Ma Yan , Jiao Liqun , Wang Tao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundRapid diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients is still challenging, and reliable biomarkers are needed. Noncoding RNAs are important for many physiological activities, among which circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been proven to be more tissue‐specific and conservative. Many recent studies found the potential of circRNAs as biomarkers for many diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and ischemic stroke. This systemic review and meta‐analysis aimed to identify circRNAs as potential biomarkers for AIS.MethodsThis study has been prospectively registered in PROSPERO (Registration No. 11 CRD42021288033). Published literature comparing circRNA expression profiles between AIS and non‐AIS in human and animal models were retrieved from the articles published by January 2023 in major databases. We descriptively summarized the included studies, conducted meta‐analysis under a random effects model, and did bioinformatics analysis including Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis.ResultsTotally 23 studies were included, reporting 18 distinctive upregulated and 20 distinctive downregulated circRNAs. Diagnostic meta‐analysis indicated discriminative ability of the circRNAs. Furthermore, circRNA HECTD1, circRNA DLGAP4, circRNA CDC14A, circRNA SCMH1, and circRNA TLK1 were reported with the same regulation trend in more than one study (animal studies included). GO and KEGG enrichment analyses indicated that the target genes of these five circRNAs were enriched in regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that circRNAs (circRNA HECTD1, circRNA DLGAP4, circRNA CDC14A, circRNA SCMH1, and circRNA TLK1) generally are promising as potential biomarkers for AIS. However, due to the limited number of studies, diagnostic value of individual circRNA could not be validated. More in vitro and in vivo functional studies are needed.
Amphiregulin blockade decreases the levodopa‐induced dyskinesia in a 6‐hydroxydopamine Parkinson's disease mouse model
Authors: Kambey Piniel Alphayo , Liu Wen Ya , Wu Jiao , Tang Chuanxi , Buberwa Wokuheleza , Saro Adonira , Nyalali Alphonce M. K. , Gao Dianshuai 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundLevodopa (L‐DOPA) is considered the most reliable drug for treating Parkinson's disease (PD) clinical symptoms. Regrettably, long‐term L‐DOPA therapy results in the emergence of drug‐induced abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) in most PD patients. The mechanisms underlying motor fluctuations and dyskinesia induced by L‐DOPA (LID) are still perplexing.MethodsHere, we first performed the analysis on the microarray data set (GSE55096) from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) repository and identified the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using linear models for microarray analysis (Limma) R packages from the Bioconductor project. 12 genes (Nr4a2, Areg, Tinf2, Ptgs2, Pdlim1, Tes, Irf6, Tgfb1, Serpinb2, Lipg, Creb3l1, Lypd1) were found to be upregulated. Six genes were validated on quantitative polymerase chain reaction and subsequently, Amphiregulin (Areg) was selected (based on log2 fold change) for further experiments to unravel its involvement in LID. Areg LV_shRNA was used to knock down Areg to explore its therapeutic role in the LID model.ResultsWestern blotting and immunofluorescence results show that AREG is significantly expressed in the LID group relative to the control. Dyskinetic movements in LID mice were alleviated by Areg knockdown, and the protein expression of delta FOSB, the commonly attributable protein in LID, was decreased. Moreover, Areg knockdown reduced the protein expression of P‐ERK. In order to ascertain whether the inhibition of the ERK pathway (a common pathway known to mediate levodopa‐induced dyskinesia) could also impede Areg, the animals were injected with an ERK inhibitor (PD98059). Afterward, the AIMs, AREG, and ERK protein expression were measured relative to the control group. A group treated with ERK inhibitor had a significant decrease of AREG and phosphorylated ERK protein expression relative to the control group.ConclusionTaken together, our results indicate unequivocal involvement of Areg in levodopa‐induced dyskinesia, thus a target for therapy development.
The neurotrophic activities of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor are potentiated by binding with apigenin, a common flavone in vegetables, in stimulating the receptor signaling
Authors: Gao Alex Xiong , Xia Tracy Chen‐Xi , Lin Lish Sheng‐Ying , Dong Tina Ting‐Xia , Tsim Karl Wah‐Keung 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimsWe aimed to identify the neurotrophic activities of apigenin (4′,5,7‐trihydroxyflavone) via its coordination with brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BNDF) and an elevated signaling of tyrosine kinase receptor B (Trk B receptor).MethodsThe direct binding of apigenin to BDNF was validated by ultrafiltration and biacore assay. Neurogenesis, triggered by apigenin and/or BDNF, was determined in cultured SH‐SY5Y cells and rat cortical neurons. The amyloid‐beta (Aβ)25‐35‐induced cellular stress was revealed by propidium iodide staining, mitochondrial membrane potential, bioenergetic analysis, and formation of reactive oxygen species levels. Activation of Trk B signaling was tested by western blotting.ResultsApigenin and BDNF synergistically maintained the cell viability and promoted neurite outgrowth of cultured neurons. In addition, the BDNF‐induced neurogenesis of cultured neurons was markedly potentiated by applied apigenin, including the induced expressions of neurofilaments, PSD‐95 and synaptotagmin. Moreover, the synergy of apigenin and BDNF alleviated the (Aβ)25‐35‐induced cytotoxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction. The synergy could be accounted by phosphorylation of Trk B receptor, and which was fully blocked by a Trk inhibitor K252a.ConclusionApigenin potentiates the neurotrophic activities of BDNF through direct binding, which may serve as a possible treatment for its curative efficiency in neurodegenerative diseases and depression.
Gut microecological regulation on bronchiolitis and asthma in children: A review
Authors: Xue Sichen , Abdullahi Rukkaiya , Wu Naisheng , Zheng Jishan , Su Miaoshang , Xu Manhuan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionAsthma and bronchiolitis in children are considered common clinical problems associated with gut microbiota. However, the exact relationship between gut microbiota and the above‐mentioned diseases remains unclear. Here, we discussed recent advances in understanding the potential mechanism underlying immune regulation of gut microbiota on asthma and bronchiolitis in children as well as the role of the gut–lung axis.MethodsWe retrieved and assessed all relevant original articles related to gut microbiota, airway inflammation‐induced wheezing in children, and gut–lung axis studies from databases that have been published so far, including PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and the Wanfang Database.ResultsThe infant period is critical for the development of gut microbiota, which can be influenced by gestational age, delivery mode, antibiotic exposure and feeding mode. The gut microbiota in children with asthma and bronchiolitis is significantly distinct from those in healthy subjects. Gut microbiota dysbiosis is implicated in asthma and bronchiolitis in children. The presence of intestinal disturbances in lung diseases highlights the importance of the gut–lung axis.ConclusionGut microbiota dysbiosis potentially increases the risk of asthma and bronchiolitis in children. Moreover, a deeper understanding of the gut–lung axis with regard to the gut microbiota of children with respiratory diseases could contribute to clinical practice for pulmonary diseases.
Adverse drug effects as a deterrent against willingness to use in the future among nightclub/festival attendees
Authors: Palamar Joseph J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionIt is largely unknown whether adverse effects experienced from recreational drug use affect willingness to use again. This study determined whether adverse effects from select party drugs affect reported willingness to use again in the next month among a high‐risk population—people who attend electronic dance music parties at nightclubs or dance festivals.MethodsAdults (age ≥ 18) entering nightclubs/festivals were surveyed in New York City in 2018–2022 (n = 2981). Participants were asked about past‐month use of common party drugs (cocaine, ecstasy, lysergic acid diethylamide [LSD] and ketamine), whether they had experienced a harmful or very unpleasant effect after use in the past 30 days, and whether they intend to use again in the next 30 days if offered by a friend. The relationship between having experienced an adverse outcome and willingness to use again was examined in a bivariable and multivariable manner.ResultsExperiencing an adverse effect after past‐month cocaine (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] = 0.58, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.35–0.95) or ecstasy use (aPR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.25–0.80) was associated with lower risk for willingness to use again. Adverse effects related to LSD use were related to lower risk of being willing to use again in the bivariable model, but in multivariable models, risk was not attenuated for willingness to use LSD or ketamine again.Discussion and ConclusionsPersonally experienced adverse effects can deter willingness to use certain party drugs again in this high‐risk population. Interventions targeting cessation of recreational party drug use can likely benefit from focusing on deleterious effects of use that have been experienced.
Effects of global change on bird and beetle populations in boreal forest landscape: An assemblage dissimilarity analysis
Authors: Bouderbala Ilhem , Labadie Guillemette , Béland Jean‐Michel , Boulanger Yan , Hébert Christian , Desrosiers Patrick , Allard Antoine , Fortin Daniel 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimDespite an increasing number of studies highlighting the impacts of climate change on boreal species, the main factors that will drive changes in species assemblages remain ambiguous. We study how species community composition would change following anthropogenic and natural disturbances. We determine the main drivers of assemblage dissimilarity for bird and beetle communities.LocationCôte‐Nord, Québec, Canada.MethodsWe quantify two climate‐induced pathways based on direct and indirect effects on species occurrence under different forest harvest management scenarios. The direct climate effects illustrate the impact of climate variables while the indirect effects are reflected through habitat‐based climate change. We develop empirical models to predict the distribution of 127 and 108 species under climate‐habitat and habitat‐only models, respectively, over the next century. We analyse the regional and the latitudinal species assemblage dissimilarity by decomposing it into balanced variation in species occupancy and occurrence and occupancy and occurrence gradient.ResultsBoth pathways increased dissimilarity in species assemblage. At the regional scale, both effects have an impact on decreasing the number of winning species. Yet, responses are much larger in magnitude under mixed climate effects. Regional assemblage dissimilarity reached 0.77 and 0.69 under mixed effects versus 0.09 and 0.10 under indirect effects for beetles and birds, respectively, between RCP8.5 and baseline climate scenarios when considering forest harvesting. Latitudinally, assemblage dissimilarity increased following the climate conditions pattern.Main conclusionsThe two pathways are complementary and alter biodiversity, mainly caused by species turnover. Yet, responses are much larger in magnitude under mixed climate effects. Therefore, inclusion of climatic variables considers aspects other than just those related to forest landscapes, such as life cycles of animal species. Moreover, we expect differences in occupancy between the two studied taxa. This could indicate the potential range of change in boreal species concerning novel environmental conditions.
Preference and performance of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, on six cereal crop species
Authors: Lu Junjiao , Zhang Biao , Zhuang Mengmeng , Ren Meifeng , Li Daqi , Yan Haiwang , Long Jiamin , Jiang Xiaoling 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a major migratory invasive pest that poses a severe threat to agricultural production and food security in China. In this study, we estimated the effects of six cereal crops on the development, survival, and fecundity of FAW using the age‐stage, two‐sex life table: maize (Zea mays L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], oats (Avena sativa L.), millet (species, authority) (all Poaceae), and quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) (Amaranthaceae). In a six‐choice test using detached leaf material, FAW larvae preferentially occurred on maize, followed by sorghum, within 6–24 h, and occurred the least on millet and quinoa. After 24 h, they had consumed the most leaf material from sorghum and maize, and the least from quinoa. In no‐choice tests using detached leaf material, they performed best on maize in terms of development (e.g., short development time), survival (e.g., high larval survival and pupation rate), and fecundity (e.g., high number of oviposition days and number of eggs laid per female), resulting in the highest predicted population growth (e.g., high intrinsic rate of increase and net reproductive rate). Although maize was found to be the most appropriate host plant, FAW was able to complete its life cycle on all six tested cereals. Our findings can help in predicting population dynamics and deepening our understanding of the potential damage incurred by FAW infestation, especially in regions under maize cultivation.
Bibliometric analysis of Helicobacter pylori resistance—from 2002 to 2022
Authors: Li Meng , Gao Ning , Wang Shaoli , Guo Yufeng , Liu Zhen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundDrug resistance in Helicobacter pylori severely affects the efficacy of eradication therapy, and a number of studies have been conducted on this issue. The aim of this study was to assess the progress in this field using a bibliometric approach.Materials and MethodsPublications related to H. pylori resistance from 2002 to 2022 were retrieved from the Web of Science database. Relevant information including titles, authors, countries, and keywords was extracted, and the data were processed using Excel, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace software for co‐authorship, co‐citation, and co‐occurrence analysis.ResultsFrom 2002 to 2022 (as of 09/24/2022), the field of H. pylori–resistance research produced a total of 2677 publications with a total of 75217 citations, with an overall upward trend in the annual number of articles published, reaching a peak of 204 in 2019. Articles were mainly published in Q1 or Q2 journals, with Helicobacter (TP = 261) publishing the most literature, Baylor College of Medicine (TP = 68) and Deng‐chyang wu (TP = 38) being the most prolific institutions and authors, respectively. China and the United States were the locations of most of the articles, accounting for 35.08% of the global publication volume. Keyword co‐occurrence analysis divided H. pylori‐resistance research into four clusters: “Therapeutic Strategies,” “Diseases,” “Mechanism Research and Epidemiology,” and “Drug Research.” “Drug research” and burst detection indicate that the current research hotspot involves the selection and analysis of treatment strategies.ConclusionsH. pylori–resistance research has become a popular research field, and although there are significant contributions from Europe, the United States, and East Asia, there are significant imbalances between regions that cannot be ignored. In addition, the exploration of treatment strategies remains a key issue for research at the current stage.
Effect of hollow spheres on the properties of lightweight periclase‐magnesium aluminate spinel refractories
Authors: Liu Zhenying , Zhang Hanxin , Wang Kai , Cui Kai , Xie Nan , Huang Shouwu , Xue Changguo , Zhu Hongzheng , Liu Yin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study presents new lightweight periclase‐magnesium alumina spinel refractories for the working lining of cement rotary kilns in which magnesium alumina spinel hollow spheres are used to replace conventional dense fused magnesia‐aluminate spinel aggregates. The effects of adding spinel hollow spheres on the physical properties, mechanical strength, thermal conductivity, and slag resistance of the samples were explored. The results showed that compared with the sample prepared with dense aggregates, the sample prepared with hollow spheres had a 10.3% higher cold compressive strength, 44.1% higher modulus of rupture (MOR), and lower bulk density. Additionally, with increasing hollow spheres content, the thermal conductivity decreased from 3.79 W/(m·K) to 2.53 W/(m·K), and the high‐temperature MOR increased from 2.82 to 4.09 MPa. The highest residual strength ratio was 90.73% (15 wt.% hollow spheres), which is 1.17 times that of the sample prepared without hollow spheres. Moreover, microstructure and energy dispersive spectroscopy of crucible specimens after corrosion by cement clinker showed that specimens with 15 wt.% hollow sphere additions had a better slag resistance. Introducing hollow spheres reduced the thermal conductivity of the refractories, providing a new strategy for improving the heat insulation performance of kiln linings.
PETS AND ATOPIC DISORDERS IN INFANCY
Authors: Arshad S H 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYThis population‐based prospective study assessed the relationship between pets and atopic disorders in infancy. One or more pets were found in 61.4% of households. Pets were found in homes with a family member affected by asthma or rhinitis as often as in homes with no allergy in the family. The presence of pets was not shown to affect the development of atopic manifestations in the first 12 months of life. Infants exposed to cats developed skin prick test sensitivity to cat dander significantly more often (p=0.01) than those infants who had had no such exposure.
ARE MEASUREMENTS OF CHEST EXPANSION AND PEAK EXPIRATORY FLOW RATE WORTHWHILE IN ASSESSING CANDIDATES FOR LIFE ASSURANCE?
Authors: Pengelly C D R 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYMeasurements of chest expansion (CE) and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) were taken in 117 subjects for life assurance medical examinations in 1989. The results for both values were significantly greater in males than in females, but there was no significant correlation between them in either males or females. Seventy‐four per cent of the subjects were accepted as average assurance risks and 26% were below average. However, there was no significant difference between CE and PEFR in the two groups and smoking appeared to have no influence. The reasons for not accepting subjects as average risk are tabulated and it is concluded that CE and PEFR are not helpful in assessing candidates for life assurance.
ARE PATIENTS' ATTITUDES THE CAUSE OF LONG WAITING LISTS?
Authors: Turner A G , Cooke H 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYThis paper studies the rate of non‐attendance for both out‐patient clinics and in‐patient care. It relates this to the waiting times for both services.If all patients who did not attend clinics had informed us beforehand, thus enabling us to give their appointments to other patients, the out‐patient waiting time could have been reduced from six months to one week. If a similar approach was taken with the in‐patient waiting list, the waiting time could have been reduced from 15 months to nine months.
HISTAMINE‐INDUCED CORONARY ARTERY SPASM: THE CONCEPT OF ALLERGIC ANGINA
Authors: Kounis N G , Zavras G M 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYHistamine, the main amine released during allergic reactions, can provoke coronary arterial spasm manifested as angina pectoris. This has been shown during clinical and laboratory studies. The effects of histamine on cardiac function are mediated via H1‐ and H2‐ receptors situated on the four cardiac chambers and coronary arteries. Coronary arteries of cardiac patients are hyperactive and contain stores of histamine which can initiate coronary artery spasm.Clinical observations indicate that angina pectoris or acute myocardial infarction can be provoked by acute allergic reaction. The coincidental occurrence of chest pain and allergic reaction accompanied by clinical and laboratory findings of classical angina pectoris seems to constitute the syndrome of allergic angina. The clinical symptoms of allergic angina include chest discomfort, dyspnoea, faintness, nausea, pruritus and urticaria. They are accompanied by signs such as hypotension, diaphoresis, pallor and bradycardia. There are also electrocardiographic findings indicating myocardial ischaemia, arrhythmias and conduction defects.Thus, in patients undergoing acute allergic reaction, the development of chest pain could be explained by the mechanism of coronary arterial spasm provoked by the release of histamine, which constitutes the syndrome of allergic angina.
WILSON'S DISEASE, KAYSER AND FLEISCHER'S SIGN AND WALSHE'S TREATMENT
Authors: McIntyre Neil 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYWilson's disease is named after Kinnier Wilson (1878‐1937), a famous British neurologist. It is an inherited condition, due to an excess of copper in the liver and brain. The mechanism is unknown, but the gene has been mapped to chromosome 13. The worldwide prevalence is about 30 per million. Patients present with liver disease and/or neuropsychiatric manifestations. Early diagnosis is crucial because there is an effective treatment. This treatment, usually with penicillamine, must be continued for life and without interruption. Liver transplantation may be lifesaving in patients with fulminant hepatitis, or with severe liver disease which is unresponsive to treatment.