bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dobbs, the Intrusive State, and the Future of Solidarity
Authors: Coughlin Christine Nero , King Nancy M. P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe intrusive state has long viewed women as fetal containers. TheDobbsdecision goes further, essentially causing women to vanish when fetuses are abstracted from their relationships to pregnant persons. The ways in which women are first controlled and then made invisible are clearly connected with the move from obedience to omission that has historically affected black Americans. When personal decisionmaking and participation in democracy are regarded as threats, those threatened restrict decisional freedom and political power, deepening structural injustices relating to sex, race, and poverty. Fear ofDobbshas health effects on conditions unrelated to pregnancy and connects with erasures of human value that are not health-related. We reaffirm solidarity as a countering influence. Taking account of the richly relational context in which issues like abortion and political representation arise should lead to better, more meaningful policies, making so many people impossible to unsee.
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a predictive and prognostic marker in children with dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Ahmed Mai , El Amrousy Doaa , Hodeib Hossam , Elnemr Shimaa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectives:We aimed to evaluate neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in children with acute heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy, to assess the predictive and prognostic values of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and to correlate its levels with brain natriuretic peptide and other various data in these patients.Method:We included 50 children with acute heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy as the patient group. Fifty healthy children of matched age and sex served as the control group. Patients were evaluated clinically and by echocardiography. A complete blood count with differentiation to evaluate neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was done, and the serum level of brain natriuretic peptide was also measured. All patients were followed up for death or readmission for a period of one year.Results:Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was significantly higher in patient group as compared to the control group. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was significantly increased in patients with higher severity of heart failure. There was a significant increase in neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with bad prognoses compared to those with good prognoses. There was a significant positive correlation between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and both brain natriuretic peptide and clinical stage of heart failure while there was a significant negative correlation between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and left ventricular systolic function. The best cut-off of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio to predict adverse outcomes in children with dilated cardiomyopathy was >3.6 with 87% sensitivity and 79% specificity. The cut-off of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio to predict patients who will not respond to conventional treatment was ≥3.85 with 85% sensitivity and 100% specificity.Conclusion:Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is a cheap good predictive and prognostic biomarker in children with dilated cardiomyopathy.
UK household-sector money demand and Divisia monetary aggregates in the new millennium
Authors: Fleissig Adrian R. , Jones Barry E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe estimate elasticities of substitution between components of the Bank of England’s household-sector UK Divisia monetary aggregate using quarterly data from 1999 to 2019, encompassing the period surrounding the global financial crisis. The demand system includes interest-bearing sight and time deposits at monetary financial institutions as components, since deposit data for banks (excluding mutuals) and for mutuals are no longer published separately. We find that the elasticities of substitution that relate to changes in the user cost of noninterest-bearing monetary assets imply inelastic substitution over all or almost all of the sample and, consequently, a conventional monetary aggregate would be a highly misleading economic indicator relative to a Divisia monetary aggregate.
MULTIPLICATION TABLES AND WORD-HYPERBOLICITY IN FREE PRODUCTS OF SEMIGROUPS, MONOIDS AND GROUPS
Authors: NYBERG-BRODDA CARL-FREDRIK 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article studies the properties of word-hyperbolic semigroups and monoids, that is, those having context-free multiplication tables with respect to a regular combing, as defined by Duncan and Gilman [‘Word hyperbolic semigroups’,Math. Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc.136(3) (2004), 513–524]. In particular, the preservation of word-hyperbolicity under taking free products is considered. Under mild conditions on the semigroups involved, satisfied, for example, by monoids or regular semigroups, we prove that the semigroup free product of two word-hyperbolic semigroups is again word-hyperbolic. Analogously, with a mild condition on the uniqueness of representation for the identity element, satisfied, for example, by groups, we prove that the monoid free product of two word-hyperbolic monoids is word-hyperbolic. The methods are language-theoretically general, and apply equally well to semigroups, monoids or groups with a$\mathbf {C}$-multiplication table, where$\mathbf {C}$is any reversal-closed super-$\operatorname {\mathrm {AFL}}$. In particular, we deduce that the free product of two groups with$\mathbf {ET0L}$with respect to indexed multiplication tables again has an$\mathbf {ET0L}$with respect to an indexed multiplication table.
COVID statt Kita
Authors: Holler Alicia , Maldei-Gohring Tobias , Reiß Franziska , Opdensteinen Kim D. , Kaman Anne , Ravens-Sieberer Ulrike , Hechler Tanja 
Published: March 2023

Zusammenfassung: Theoretischer Hintergrund: Die COVID-19 Pandemie führte im Frühjahr 2020 bei Vorschulkindern in Deutschland zu einer Zunahme von Verhaltensauffälligkeiten. Fragestellung: Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist es, die anhaltenden Auswirkungen der Pandemie auf die psychische Gesundheit von Vorschulkindern zu untersuchen und potentielle Einflussfaktoren zu identifizieren. Methode: In zwei unabhängigen Online-Erhebungen im März und November 2021 befragten wir die Eltern von N = 331 Vorschulkindern in Rheinland-Pfalz hinsichtlich der Verhaltensauffälligkeiten ihrer Kinder. Die Ergebnisse verglichen wir mit Daten einer bevölkerungsbezogenen Stichprobe aus der Zeit vor der Pandemie. Mithilfe von logistischen Regressionen untersuchten wir potenzielle Einflussfaktoren auf die psychische Gesundheit. Ergebnis: Im Verlauf der Pandemie zeigte sich ein erhöhtes Ausmaß an Verhaltensauffälligkeiten bei Vorschulkindern. Als potenzielle Einflussfaktoren identifizierten wir die psychische Belastung und emotionale Kompetenz der Eltern, sowie die Emotionsregulation der Kinder als möglichen Schutzfaktor. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Befunde verdeutlichen die Notwendigkeit von Präventionsprogrammen mit Fokus auf die sozio-emotionale Kompetenzen von Vorschulkindern und ihren Eltern.
Bei Risiken und Nebenwirkungen fragen Sie Ihre… Patientinnen und Patienten
Authors: Büchele Natascha , Mier Daniela , Rockstroh Brigitte , Viehl Kathrin , Schiller Sabine , Haupt Magdalena , Weitbrecht Maja , Gegenfurtner Carolin , Volkland Katharina , Odenwald Michael 
Published: March 2023

Zusammenfassung: Theoretischer Hintergrund: Das Verständnis der Antipsychotika-Adhärenz ist lückenhaft, obwohl sie ein Grundpfeiler der Schizophrenie-Behandlung darstellt. Die spezifische Erfassung der Wahrnehmung von Risiken bei Einnahme sowie Absetzen von Antipsychotika könnte zur Erklärung der Adhärenz beitragen. Fragestellung: Explorative Studie zur Entwicklung und ersten Evaluierung des Fragebogens zur Risikowahrnehmung von Antipsychotika (FRA). Methode: Basierend auf theoretischen Überlegungen wurde ein Itempool für die Risikowahrnehmung des Absetzens und Einnehmens von Antipsychotika generiert. Eingeschlossen wurden ambulante und stationäre F2-Patient_innen. Stichprobe 1 ( N = 120) diente zur Itemselektion und explorativen Faktorenanalyse (faktorielle Validität). Anhand Online-Stichprobe 2 ( N = 39) wurde die diskriminante und konvergente Validität analysiert. Ergebnisse: Die explorative Faktorenanalyse ergab die theoretisch erwartete zweifaktorielle Struktur. Die Korrelationen des FRA zu Adhärenzmaßen und spezifischen Medikamentenfragebögen unterstützten die konvergente und diskriminante Validität. Schlussfolgerungen: Der FRA als Erhebungsinstrument der Wahrnehmung von Antipsychotika-Risiken könnte das Verständnis von Antipsychotika-Adhärenz und von Behandlungsansätzen verbessern. Prospektive konfirmatorische Studien müssen durchgeführt werden.
Quantifying the Safe Operating Space for Land‐System SDG Achievement via Machine Learning and Scenario Discovery
Authors: Khan Md Shakil , Moallemi Enayat A. , Nazari Asef , Thiruvady Dhananjay , Bryan Brett A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe developed a machine learning based surrogate model to identify sustainability pathways through rapid scenario generation and defined the safe operating space for achieving them via scenario discovery. We trained a surrogate model to replicate the Land‐Use Trade‐Offs integrated model of the Australian land system. Latin hypercube sampling was used to create many scenarios exploring the impact of uncertainties in key drivers including future socio‐economic development, climate change mitigation, and agricultural productivity at a granular level. Economic and environmental impacts were evaluated against nationally downscaled SDG targets. Scenario discovery revealed new pathways to achieving five SDG targets for 2050 which required crop yield increases above 1.78 times, a carbon price above 100 AU$ tCO2−1, a >9% biodiversity levy on carbon plantings, and carefully regulated land‐use policy. Machine learning based surrogate modeling teamed with scenario discovery revealed the policy and scenario settings required for a more sustainable future for the Australian land sector.
Variability in Projected North American Mean and Extreme Temperature and Precipitation Trends for the 21st Century: Model‐To‐Model Differences Versus Internal Variability
Authors: Kelleher Mitchell K. , Grise Kevin M. , Schmidt Daniel F. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWhile climate change is expected to alter mean and extreme temperature and precipitation over the 21st century, regional changes in these fields remain difficult to project. For a given future emissions scenario, the uncertainty in future projections can be attributed to either model‐to‐model differences, which can presumably be reduced if models are improved, or internal variability, which cannot be constrained to a single outcome but can be used to quantify a range of plausible outcomes. This study examines the range of possible trends in North American mean and extreme temperature and precipitation across phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project models under the SSP3‐7.0 emissions scenario. While model‐to‐model differences primarily govern the spread in mean and extreme temperature trends across these model simulations, the spread in mean and extreme precipitation trends is dominated by internal variability in many regions. A storylines approach—a type of regression‐based analysis—is used to identify key dynamical drivers that explain the variance in future trends across model simulations. The dynamical drivers considered include trends in global mean surface temperature (GMST) and four common modes of climate variability. Combinations of these drivers can reinforce each other to create high‐impact storylines. For example, model simulations with large positive GMST and El Niño‐Southern Oscillation trends are associated with a large reduction in the annual maximum number of consecutive dry days in the American Southwest. However, limiting these storylines to only models with climate sensitivities consistent with observational constraints reduces the likelihood of a large reduction of consecutive dry days in this region.
Projecting the Changes in Multifaceted Characteristics of Heatwave Events Across China
Authors: Wei Jia , Wang Weiguang , Wang Guoqing , Cao Mingzhu , Yang Liyan , Zhang Shulin , Fu Jianyu , Xing Wanqiu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUnderstanding future variations and trends of heatwave events has critical implications for the ecosystem and human health. However, the diverse metrics of heatwave affect the comparable assessment of heatwave evolution at regional scales. The inadequate consideration of the enhanced warming trend and local antecedent heat conditions at different climate zones undermines the comprehensive understanding of future heatwave changes. Here, we systematically assess variations and trends in duration, frequency, and intensity of heatwave events in China from 1961 to 2100, using historical observations and climate model simulations from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6. The increased rates and trends in the duration and frequency are more evident than those in intensity and severe heatwave days. Regionally, the northern and western regions are projected to suffer longer and more frequent consecutive heatwaves, while southern regions are likely at greater risk of severe heatwave days. A comparison among four scenarios shows that the future heatwave characteristics projected by the high forcing Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP5‐8.5) exhibit substantial intensification than those in other three experiments, imposing intractable dangers to numerous organisms and ecosystems. Under the SSP1‐2.6, the acceleration of all heatwave characteristics is projected to slow down in all regions after 2040. In addition to maximum temperature, temperature advections are projected to contribute to heatwave intensification in western regions. Our results provide a comprehensive assessment of future variations and trends in heatwave events. The comparable future changes across unevenly developed regions are necessary for improving regional adaptive capacity to extreme heat risk.
Crustal Lg Attenuation Beneath the Iranian Plateau: Implications for Cenozoic Magmatism Related to Slab Subduction, Slab Break‐Off, and Mantle Flow
Authors: Yang Geng , Chen Ling , Zhao Lian‐Feng , Xie Xiao‐Bi , Yao Zhen‐Xing 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCenozoic magmatism is present across the Iranian Plateau but, despite playing an important role in the geodynamic evolution of the young plateau, remains poorly understood. In this study, the crustal thermal structure beneath the Iranian Plateau is investigated by high‐resolution Lg‐wave attenuation tomography using a newly compiled data set, which consists of records from three recent temporary seismic arrays (for a total of 197 stations) and previous regional networks. Strong Lg attenuation is mainly observed beneath the Zagros orogenic belt, Urumieh‐Dokhtar magmatic arc (UDMA), Makran magmatic arc, Lut magmatic zone, and Alborz reararc magmatic belt, which covers not only tectonic boundary belts but also the active internal zones of the Iranian Plateau. Combining deep seismological observations and geochemical data, the strong crustal attenuation characteristics beneath the northwestern and southeastern UDMA suggest that Miocene–Quaternary magmatism was activated by slab detachment‐induced upwelling after the cessation of oceanic subduction. Western Makran is characterized by strong Lg attenuation with a NE trend. The age of the Paleogene–Quaternary Makran volcanism decreases toward the NE and is likely related to the change in subduction dip. Diffuse magmatism and strong crustal attenuation are present in the northern Lut Block rather than the entire Lut–Afghan collision zone, which is likely associated with the accumulation of mantle magmas driven by the potential northward asthenospheric flow. In northern Iran, a strong attenuation anomaly spans the entire E‒W Alborz magma belt, suggesting that partial crustal melting and mantle thermal sources may exist in this region.
Convective Impact on the Global Lower Stratospheric Water Vapor Budget
Authors: Ueyama Rei , Schoeberl Mark , Jensen Eric , Pfister Leonhard , Park Mijeong , Ryoo Ju‐Mee 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWater vapor in the stratosphere is primarily controlled by temperatures in the tropical upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. However, the direct impact of deep convection on the global lower stratospheric water vapor budget is still an actively debated issue. Two complementary modeling approaches are used to investigate the convective impact in boreal winter and summer. Convective influence is diagnosed by tracing trajectories through convective cloud top altitude fields derived from global rainfall and brightness temperature data. Backward trajectory model simulations coupled with a detailed treatment of cloud microphysical processes indicate that convection moistens the global lower stratosphere by approximately 0.3 ppmv in boreal winter and summer 2010. The diurnal peak in convection is responsible for about half of the total convective moistening during winter and nearly all of the convective moistening during summer. Deep convective clouds overshooting the tropopause have relatively minor effect on global lower stratospheric water vapor. A forward trajectory model coupled with a simplified cloud module is used to estimate the relative magnitude of the interannual variability of the convective impact. Combining the results from the two models, we find that the convective impact on the global lower stratospheric water vapor during 2006–2016 is approximately 0.3 ppmv with year‐to‐year variations of up to 0.1 ppmv. An important mechanism of convective hydration of the lower stratosphere is via the detrainment of saturated air and ice into the tropical uppermost troposphere and the subsequent upward transport of some of these moist air parcels across relatively warm and subsaturated tropopause.
The Contribution of Local and Remote Transpiration, Ground Evaporation, and Canopy Evaporation to Precipitation Across North America
Authors: Harrington Tyler S. , Nusbaumer Jesse , Skinner Christopher B. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLand surface evapotranspiration (ET) is a major source of moisture for the global hydrologic cycle. Though the influence of the land surface is well documented, moisture tracking analyses aimed at quantifying the contribution of the land surface to precipitation have often relied on offline tracking approaches that require simplifying assumptions and can bias results. Additionally, the contribution of the ET components (transpiration (T), canopy evaporation (C), and ground evaporation (E)) individually to precipitation is not well understood, inhibiting our understanding of moisture teleconnections in both the current and future climate. Here, we use the Community Earth System Model version 1.2 with online numerical water tracers to examine the contribution of local and remote land surface ET, including the contribution from each individual ET component, to precipitation across North America. Much of northern and northeastern North America receives up to 80% of summertime precipitation from land surface ET, and over 50% of that moisture originates from transpiration alone. Local moisture recycling constitutes an essential source of precipitation across much of the southern and western regions of North America, suggesting precipitation across the region is sensitive to local land surface conditions, including soil moisture and vegetation state. The reliance on locally recycled moisture is far less pronounced across northern and eastern North America, where remotely sourced moisture, particularly from transpiration, dominates precipitation contributions. The results highlight regions that are especially sensitive to land cover and hydrologic changes in local and upwind areas, providing key insights for drought prediction and water resource management.
Trend and Interannual Variations of Reactive Nitrogen Deposition in China During 2008–2017 and the Roles of Anthropogenic Emissions and Meteorological Conditions
Authors: Ma Mingrui , Zheng Bo , Xu Wen , Cao Jiachen , Zhou Kaiyue , Zhao Yu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAbundant emissions have made China as one of the hotpots of atmospheric reactive nitrogen (Nr) deposition over the world. Here we conducted multi‐year simulation and explored the trend and interannual variations (IAVs) of China's Nr deposition for different forms (wet and dry) and species (oxidized and reduced nitrogen, OXN and RDN) during 2008–2017. Sensitivity analysis scenarios were applied to evaluate the roles of anthropogenic emissions and meteorological conditions on the changing deposition. The annual mean Nr deposition was simulated at 15.7 ± 0.9 kg N ha−1 yr−1 for China. Attributed mainly to the changing OXN, the trend in Nr deposition over the 10‐year period showed an inverted “V” pattern, reflecting the benefit of nation actions on NOX emissions controls. The standard deviation ellipse analysis suggested a clear interannual shift of spatial distribution of Nr deposition to the southwest during 2013–2017. Based on the mean absolute deviation (MAD) and absolute percent departure from the mean obtained in different simulation scenarios, the IAVs of Nr deposition were found to be driven mainly by the changing meteorological conditions, and the correlation coefficient between MADs of Nr deposition and precipitation reached 0.47. Relative to meteorological factor, the changing emissions could explain 61%–83% of 10‐year trend of Nr deposition for the concerned regions, thus were identified as the main driver of the trend. The changing meteorological conditions played a more important role on shaping the IAVs of Nr deposition, with the relative contributions estimated at 60% for the concerned regions.
Quantifying an Overlooked Deciduous‐Needleleaf Carbon Sink at the Southern Margin of the Central‐Siberian Permafrost Zone
Authors: Liu Jialin , Cheng Fangyan , Commane Róisín , Zhu Yi , Ji Weiwen , Man Xiuling , Guan ChengHe , Munger J. William 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWith over 700 million km2 Siberia is the largest expanse of the northern boreal forest—deciduous‐needleleaf larch. Temperatures are increasing across this region, but the consequences to carbon balances are not well understood for larch forests. We present flux measurements from a larch forest near the southern edge of Central‐Siberia where permafrost degradation and ecosystem shifts are already observed. Results indicate net carbon exchanges are influenced by the seasonality of permafrost active layers, temperature and humidity, and soil water availability. During periods when surface soils are fully thawed, larch forest is a significant carbon sink. During the spring‐thaw and fall‐freeze transition, there is a weak signal of carbon uptake at mid‐day. Net carbon exchanges are near‐zero when the soil is fully frozen from the surface down to the permafrost. We fit an empirical ecosystem functional model to quantify the dependence of larch‐forest carbon balance on climatic drivers. The model provides a basis for ecosystem carbon budgets over time and space. Larch differs from boreal evergreens by having higher maximum productivity and lower respiration, leading to an increased carbon sink. Comparison to previous measurements from another northern larch site suggests climate change will result in an increased forest carbon sink if the southern larch subtype replaces the northern subtype. Observations of carbon fluxes in Siberian larch are still too sparse to adequately determine age dependence, inter‐annual variability, and spatial heterogeneity though they suggest that boreal larch accounts for a larger fraction of global carbon uptake than has been previously recognized.