bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A simple and efficient in planta transformation method based on the active regeneration capacity of plants
Authors: Mei Guoguo , Chen Ao , Wang Yaru , Li Shuquan , Wu Minyi , Liu Xu , Hou Xingliang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Plant genetic transformation strategies serve as essential tools for the genetic engineering and advanced molecular breeding of plants. However, the complicated operational protocol and low efficiency of the current transformation strategies restrict the genetic modification of most plant species. This paper describes the development of a Regenerative Activity-dependent in Planta Injection Delivery (RAPID) method based on the active regeneration capacity of plants. In this method, Agrobacterium tumefaciens was delivered to plant meristems via injection for inducing transfected renascent tissues. Stable transgenic plants were obtained by subsequent vegetative propagation of the positive renascent tissues. The method was successfully applied for the transformation of plants with strong regeneration capacity, including different genotypes of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), potato (Solanum tuberosum), and bayhops (I. pes-caprae). Compared to the traditional transformation methods, RAPID has a markedly high transformation efficiency (up to 40%), shorter duration (less than 4 weeks), and does not require tissue culture procedures. The RAPID method therefore overcomes the limitations of traditional methods for achieving rapid in planta transformation, and can be potentially applied to a wide range of plant species that are capable of active regeneration.
Hair embedding after transperineal prostate biopsy: a case report and in vitro experiment
Authors: Ni Jiaxuan , Ni Ying , Zhang Tielong , Wang Gang , Ding Xuefei , Zhou Guangchen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective: To reduce the risks of transperineal prostate biopsy complications and to identify the causes of hair embedding in prostate tissue.
Methods: Hair embedded in the puncture canal was observed in two cases of transurethral resection of the prostate following transperineal puncture biopsy with a Bard MC1820 disposable biopsy needle. In vitro experiments were used to analyze and reconstruct the process of hair embedding in prostate tissue.
Results: The simulation experiment confirmed that the hair was clamped between the needle core and the coaxial needle sheath. In addition, the puncture needle broke the skin and entered the tissue. After activating the trigger, the hair outside the coaxial needle sheath was pushed into the puncture passage and remained there.
Conclusion: Hair embedding caused by perineal prostate biopsy is a consumable-related adverse event, and skin preparation prior to transperineal prostate biopsy is recommended.
Polyphenol regulates metabolic and physiological properties of microalgae to accumulate biocompounds
Authors: Zou Li-Gong , Zheng Dan-Lin , Yao Yi-Tong , Wen Fu-Fang , Wang Xiang , Li Da-Wei , Yang Yu-Feng , Yang Wei-Dong , Balamurugan Srinivasan , Kwok Hang Fai , Li Hong-Ye Y. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The development of affordable strategy to concurrently enhance microalgal biomass and biocomponents is warranted for commercial applications. Here, we investigated the efficacy of a cheap and natural polyphenol, tannic acid, on regulating metabolic and physiological properties of oleaginous microalga Phaeodactylum tricornutum to overproduce biocompounds.
Result
Tannic acid provision regulated the key metabolic pathways to enhance algal biomass and lipids in a dose-dependent manner without direct impact on photosynthesis. It reduced oxidative stress and reallocated carbon precursors towards lipogenesis. Lipidomic analyses showed that tannic acid provision unprecedentedly regulated the key lipogenic pathways, enhanced glyco- and neutral-lipids by 1.29- and 1.54-fold, respectively, whereas phospholipids were significantly altered. Tannic acid facilitated polyunsaturated fatty acid overproduction with a specific increment of EPA and DHA by 1.18- and 2.25-fold, respectively. Transcriptomic analysis demonstrated that tannic acid upregulated the expression of multiple genes involved in lipogenesis.
Conclusion
Here, we dissected the potential of tannic acid, a natural and cheaper polyphenol, on concurrently enhancing lipids and PUFAs without impairing physiological properties in P. tricornutum. The findings provide novel insights into the mechanistic roles of polyphenol as a potential chemical modulator.
The key point of transsphenoidal surgery for infradiaphragmatic craniopharyngioma：Better saddle diaphragm resection
Authors: Liu Qi , Chen Xiaokun , Bao Xinjie , Yao Yong , Deng Kan , Feng Ming , Lian Wei , Xing Bing , Wang Renzhi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background Craniopharyngiomas have a high recurrence rate and a poor prognosis, and the key methods for reducing recurrences are unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the key points of microscopic or endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery used to treat infradiaphragmatic craniopharyngiomas.
Methods We reviewed the medical records of patients with infradiaphragmatic craniopharyngiomas who were admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital between 2015 and 2018.
Results The main symptoms of patients with infradiaphragmatic craniopharyngiomas included headache, endocrine disorders, decreased vision, or visual field defects. In terms of tumor location, nine patients were completely intrasellar and the remaining 11 patients were intrasuprasellar. Of the 20 patients, 16 patients underwent resection under the microscope and the remaining four patients underwent transsphenoidal endoscopic surgery. Gross total tumor resection was achieved in 12 patients. Six patients underwent saddle diaphragm resection, while the remaining 14 patients were not. Cerebrospinal fluid leaks occurred during surgery in six patients (6/6 saddle diaphragm resection group). Eleven patients with high PRL levels preoperatively all had decreased levels to varying degrees postoperatively and levels returned to normal in eight of these patients. Two patients with diabetes insipidus achieved resolution postoperative. Visual acuity improved in one patient. After an average follow-up of 26.4 months, eight patients experienced tumor recurrence. Recurrence did not occur in any of the six patients who underwent saddle diaphragm resection (0% vs 57.1%, P=0.0419).
Conclusion The resection of the saddle diaphragm is pivotal in craniopharyngioma removal surgery and is related to tumor recurrence. In comparison to the saddle diaphragm protection group, the resection group is able to achieve a reduced recurrence rate while maintaining acceptable complications.
SMAD2 inhibites pyroptosis of fibroblast-like synoviocytes and secretion of inflammatory factors via TGF-β pathway in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Mao xingxing , Wu Weijie , Nan Yunyi , Sun Weiwei , Wang Youhua 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, progressive autoimmune disease. Over activation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes is responsible for the hyperplasia of synovium and destruction of cartilage and bone and pyroptosis of FLS plays a key role in those pathological processes during RA. This study investigated the detail mechanisms that SMAD2 regulate the pyroptosis of FLS and secrtion of inflammatory factors in rheumatoid arthritis.
Methods
We collected synovial tissues of RA patients and FLS-RA and cultured FLS for detection of expression of SMAD2. ASC, NLRP3, cleaved-caspase-1 and GSDMD-N were detected by western-blot after over expression of SMAD2. Besides, Flow cytometry, electron microscope, Elisa, HE-staining and Safranin O stainingwere performed to further demonstrated that SMAD2 can affected the pyroptosis of FLS-RA.
Results
The expression of SMAD2 was down-regulated in synovial tissues of RA patients and FLS-RA. Over expression of SMAD2 can inhibited expression of ASC, NLRP3, cleaved-caspase-1 and GSDMD-N. Flow cytometry and electron microscope further demonstrated that SMAD2 attenuated pyroptosis of FLS-RA. In addition, overexpression of SMAD2 also inhibited inflammatory factors such as IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6 and IL-8 secretion and release of LDH. Besides, overexpression of SMAD2 can reversed the decrease of p-SMAD2 and TGF-TGF-β induced by nigericin. In vivo experiments on CIA rats further demonstrated that overexpression of SMAD2 by local intra-articular injection of LV-SMAD2 can effectively alleviated joint redness, swelling, destruction of cartilage and bones.
Conclusion
SMAD2 inhibited FLS-RA pyroptosis by down-regulating of NLRP3 inflammasomes (NLRP3, ASC and caspase-1 complex) and eased the secretion of inflammatory factors via TGF-β signaling pathway, thereby improve the symptom of RA. We hope that this study may provide a new research idea for RA and a potential target for treatment of RA.
Estimating the spatial coverage of wastewater treatment in Chinese river catchments, for the purpose of water quality modelling
Authors: Jackson Benjamin William , Sweetman Andrew James 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Models with a focus on the release of substances from domestic wastewater in China require data on the number of people served by a sewage treatment works (STW), but also the proportion of wastewater that is not treated by a STW, both of which are difficult to determine. It is also important to be able to reassess the coverage of wastewater networks periodically when evaluating long-term risk, as China’s wastewater network has expanding rapidly in recent decades. A methodology is described which can be used to determine the number of people releasing both treated and untreated wastewater within a Chinese river catchment using readily available data. This is applied to the East River catchment in South East China for 2010, 2015, and 2020. We determined that the wastewater network expanded significantly during this period, but there remain large areas of the catchment with no apparent wastewater treatment facilities.
On nonlinear greedy randomized Kaczmarz methods for solving large-scale systems of nonlinear equations
Authors: Tan Long-Ze , Guo Xue-Ping 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The greedy randomized Kaczmarz (GRK) method is an efficient method for solving large-scale systems of linear equations. Based on this basic idea, we propose a nonlinear greedy randomized Kacz-marz (NGRK) method for solving large-scale systems of nonlinear equations and prove its convergence. Then, to improve the computational efficiency of the NGRK method, we design the multi-step NGRK (MNGRK) method and the accelerated NGK (ANGK) method, respectively. Theoretical results show that the convergence speed of the MNGRK and ANGK methods is faster than that of the NGRK method. Finally, inspired by the max-distance coordinate descent (MDCD) method, we also establish the nonlinear max-distance Kaczmarz (NMDK) method and its accelerated version.
Silica nanoparticles induce pulmonary damage in rats via VEGFC/D–VEGFR3 signaling-mediated lymphangiogenesis and remodeling
Authors: Yu Yanan , Pan Yujie , Chang Bing , Zhao Xiaoxu , Qu Kunlong , Song Yuguo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) are widely used as drug carriers for improving drug delivery and retention. The lungs are highly sensitive to toxicity of SiNPs entering the respiratory tract. Furthermore, pulmonary lymphangiogenesis, which is the growth of lymphatic vessels observed during multiple pulmonary diseases, plays a vital role in promoting the lymphatic transport of silica in the lungs. However, more research is required on the effects of SiNPs on pulmonary lymphangiogenesis. We investigated the effect of SiNPs-induced pulmonary toxicity on lymphatic vessel formation in rats and evaluated the toxicity and possible molecular mechanisms of 20-nm SiNPs. Female Wistar rats were instilled intratracheally with saline containing 3.0, 6.0, and 12.0 mg/kg of SiNPs once a day for 5 days, then sacrificed on day 7. Lung histopathology, pulmonary permeability, pulmonary lymphatic vessel density changes, and the ultrastructure of the lymph trunk were investigated using light microscopy, spectrophotometry, immunofluorescence, and transmission electron microscopy. CD45 expression in lung tissues was determined using immunohistochemical staining, and protein expression in the lung and lymph trunk was quantified using western blotting.
Results
We observed increased pulmonary inflammation and permeability, lymphatic endothelial cell damage, pulmonary lymphangiogenesis, and remodeling with increasing SiNPs concentration. Moreover, SiNPs activated the VEGFC/D–VEGFR3 signaling pathway in the lung and lymphatic vessel tissues.
Conclusions
SiNPs result in inflammation-associated lymphangiogenesis and remodeling, further pulmonary damage, and increased permeability by activating VEGFC/D–VEGFR3 signaling. Our findings provide evidence for SiNPs-induced pulmonary damage and a new perspective for the prevention and treatment of occupational exposure to SiNPs.
Non-hyalinizing trabecular thyroid adenoma: A novel thyroid tumor with diagnostic pitfalls of hyalinizing trabecular adenoma and medullary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Hirokawa Mitsuyoshi , Matsuse Michiko , Mitsutake Norisato , Suzuki Ayana , Higuchi Miyoko , Hayashi Toshitetsu , Kamma Hiroshi , Miyauchi Akira , Akamizu Takashi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background

Only one thyroid follicular cell-derived tumor with a purely trabecular growth pattern has previously been described. This report aims to describe the histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular findings of our second case, propose a novel thyroid tumor, and discuss its diagnostic pitfalls.

Case presentation

A 68-year-old female presented with an encapsulated thyroid tumor composed of thin and long trabeculae. No papillary, follicular, solid, or insular patterns are observed. The tumor cells were elongated or fusiform and arranged perpendicular to the trabecular axis. No nuclear findings of papillary thyroid carcinoma and increased basement membrane material were found. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for paired-box gene 8, thyroid transcription factor-1, and negative for thyroglobulin, calcitonin, and chromogranin A. Inter- and intra-trabecular accumulation of type IV collagen-positive materials was not demonstrated. No PAX8/GLIS1, PAX8/GLIS3, BRAF, HRAS, KRAS, NRAS, TERT, CTNB1, PTEN, or RET were detected.

Conclusions

We report our case as a novel disease entity called non-hyalinizing trabecular thyroid adenoma, which has the diagnostic pitfalls of hyalinizing trabecular tumor and medullary thyroid carcinoma.
Rapid detection and diagnosis of herpetic keratitis using quantitative microfluidic polymerase chain reaction system for herpes simplex and varicella-zoster virus DNA: A case series
Authors: Hirota Akira , Shoji Jun , Inada Noriko , Adachi Rumi , Tonozuka Yukiko , Yamagami Satoru 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
A microfluidic real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) system can rapidly detect the viral DNA in specimens. Detection of herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) DNA in tears is a useful diagnostic tool for herpes simplex virus keratitis (HSK) and herpes zoster ophthalmics (HZO).
Methods
In total, 20 patients were included in this cross-sectional study. Among them, 8 patients with infectious epithelial HSK and 12 patients with HZO were included in HSK and HZO groups, respectively. In addition, 8 patients with non-herpetic keratitis and 4 healthy individuals without keratitis were included in the control group. Numbers of HSV and VZV DNA copies in tears of all patients and individuals were evaluated using a microfluidic real-time PCR system. Regarding HSV/VZV DNA test, tear specimens were collected by filter paper method using Schirmer’s test paper, and subsequently, DNA was extracted from the filter paper using an automated nucleic acid extractor. Afterward, quantitative PCR was performed using a microfluidic real-time PCR system.
Results
From tear collection to real-time PCR result determination, the HSV/VZV DNA test took approximately 40 minutes. In the HSK group, the sensitivity and specificity of the HSV DNA tests were 100% each. The median value (range) of number of HSV DNA copies for affected eyes was 3.4×105 copies/µL (under a lower detection limit of 7.6). In the HZO group, the sensitivity and specificity of the VZV DNA tests were 100% each. The median value (range) of number of VZV DNA copies for affected eyes was 5.3×105 copies/µL (under a lower detection limit of 5.6×10–2).
Conclusion
In conclusion, quantitative PCR for HSV and VZV DNA in tears using a microfluidic real-time PCR system is useful for diagnosing and monitoring HSK and HZO.
Study on diffractive optical characteristics and elimination methods of diamond fly-cutting optical plane
Authors: Guo Yawen , Yin Ziqiang , Chen Pengyu , Xia Senbin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Cube concer retro-reflector is an optical element with high reflectivity, widely used to improve safety in low light level environments. High-precision and surface finish die cores are used to mass produce high-quality retro-reflectors. There are periodic micro-morphologies on the die core surface machined by diamond fly-cutting, which weaken the reflection characteristics of optical elements. The finite element method theoretically revealed the relationship between optical defects and surface topography, and the fly-cutting experiment was carried out to verify the analysis. At the same time, an efficient machining method to eliminate the diffraction phenomenon is proposed. According to the machining results, the error source of this method is analyzed and calibrated. This research provides a new idea for obtaining the optical plane of retro-reflector with high efficiency and accuracy.
Numerical Solution For The Slowly Rotating Polytropic Fluid Sphere
Authors: Elias Priya Anthina , Thomas Sanish 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We propose an efficient numerical method for solving a non-linear ordinary differential equation describing the stellar structure of the slowly rotating polytropic fluid sphere. The Ramanujan’s method i.e. an iterative method has been used to determine the roots of the obtained series through special function as it gives the accurate numerical results to the series solution as any other computational methods. Therefore, it can be used as an application to astrophysics and astronomy. The numerical results are presented for values of the polytropic index n= 0.0(0.1) to 2.0.
Predictors of Protein Losing Enteropathy after Fontan completion, a retrospective study from eight years’ experience in a growing high volume cardiac surgery center.
Authors: AbdelMassih Antoine Fakhry , Kiraly Laszlo , Badaoui Hazem El , Khan Mohammad , Hetharsi Balazs , Till Judit Noemi , Omelchenko Aleksandr , Salah Alaa Ziad , Jburi Farah Tarik Al , Alkhouli Laila , Taher Mina , Alhosani Najah , Youssef Omnia , Iqbal Sumaiya , Allami Zahraa , Jha Neerod Kumar , Hamad Eman Mahmoud , Omar Yasmin , AbdelRaouf Mohamed Mohamed , Khan Arshad , Azeez Zafar , Attia Michael , Mina Mariam , Ali Alyaa Al , Musleh Afnan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background:
Fontan procedure is the final stage of a three-stage palliation process in patients born with a univentricular heart as part of Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS) or other types of Univentricular Heart. As essential as this procedure has proven to be for such cases, the Fontan physiology diminishes the cardiac output and expands systemic venous pressure which leads to venous congestion that can be complicated by Protein Losing Enteropathy (PLE). The aim of this retrospective research was to study the predictors of such complications in all patients who underwent completion of Fontan in our center in the past eight years. It involved the examination of medical records of patients who underwent completion of Fontan repair in our center since the inauguration of its cardiac surgery program. Exclusion criteria included the absence of any of the required predictors in a medical report. Included patients were divided into two groups: those who developed PLE and those who did not. For each group, the following data were collected: The degree of AV valve regurge, the ventricular functions, the invasive SVC, and pulmonary pressures before Fontan completion and the original cardiac diagnosis.
Results:
48 patients were included: only 13 developed PLE, accounting for 25% of the total patients. A multivariate regression analysis of the best predictors of the occurrence of PLE was the degree of AV valve regurge (P = 0.008), SVC mean pressure (P value = 0.01), and Ventricular functions (P value = 0.02). A ROC analysis was performed for each of the best predictors and showed that SVC pressure > 11 was 100% sensitive, moderate and severe regurge were 69% sensitive, and moderate to severe impairment of ventricular functions was 53% sensitive in predicting subsequent PLE.
Conclusion:
The unleashed findings might be game-changing in the decision-making of whether to complete the Fontan pathway or not in our growing cardiac surgery center, which is one of the largest in its respective region. The presence of moderate to severe AV valve regurge, moderate to severe ventricular dysfunction, and a Superior Vena caval pressure above 11 before Fontan completion should be regarded as contraindications to completion of the procedure.
From leather wastes to leather: enhancement of low quality leather using collagen recovered from leather tanned wastes
Authors: Gargano Marika , Florio Claudia , Sannia Giovanni , Lettera Vincenzo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Leather industry produces huge amounts of solid wastes. In the last decade, several methods for the recovery and valorization of these wastes were developed, mainly focused on the extraction of collagen using chemical methods. The extracted collagen, due to its poor quality, is mostly used in agriculture as a nitrogen source ingredient of fertilizers. This study aims to apply collagen, extracted from leather tanned solid wastes using a recently reported new process based on enzymatic hydrolysis, as filling agent for low quality leather. Thanks to the enzymatic hydrolysis, collagen can be extracted without affecting its integrity and, therefore, its quality. In order to use the extracted collagen as filler for low quality leather, an enzymatic mediated cross-linking reaction between collagen and casein was developed. The enzymatic cross-linking reaction was added as an additional phase of the re-tanning process or as a replacement of one of the re-tanning steps. To evaluate the filling effect, thickness of the treated leather was measured and infrared and microscopy analyses were performed, comparing the new methods to the traditional standard one. The mechanical properties of the filled leather were tested and the sensorial features, such as fullness and touch feelings, were estimated through a panel test. Results suggest the high potential of extracted collagen to be employed back in leather processing both as additive and as substitutive filler.