bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using Principles of Motor Control to Analyze Performance of Human Machine Interfaces
Authors: Patwardhan Shriniwas , Gladhill Keri Anne , Joiner Wilsaan M. , Schofield Jonathon S. , Sikdar Siddhartha 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
There have been significant advances in biosignal extraction techniques to drive external biomechatronic devices or to use as inputs to sophisticated human machine interfaces. The control signals are typically derived from biological signals such as myoelectric measurements made either from the surface of the skin or subcutaneously. Other biosignal sensing modalities are emerging. With improvements in sensing modalities and control algorithms, it is becoming possible to robustly control the target position of a end effector. It remains largely unknown to what extent these improvements can lead to naturalistic human-like movement. In this paper, we sought to answer this question. We utilized a sensing paradigm called sonomyography based on continuous ultrasound imaging of forearm muscles. Unlike myoelectric control strategies which measure electrical activation and use the extracted signals to determine the velocity of an end-effector; sonomyography measures muscle deformation directly with ultrasound and uses the extracted signals to proportionally control the position of an end-effector. Previously, we showed that users were able to accurately and precisely perform a virtual target acquisition task using sonomyography. In this work, we investigate the time course of the control trajectories derived from sonomyography. We show that the time course of the sonomyography-derived trajectories that users take to reach virtual targets reflect the trajectories shown to be typical for kinematic characteristics observed in biological limbs. Specifically, during a target acquisition task, the velocity profiles followed a minimum jerk trajectory shown for point-to-point arm reaching movements, with similar time to target. In addition, the trajectories based on ultrasound imaging result in a systematic delay and scaling of peak movement velocity as the movement distance increased. We believe this is the first evaluation of similarities in control policies in coordinated movements in jointed limbs, and those based on position control signals extracted at the individual muscle level. These results have strong implications for the future development of control paradigms for assistive technologies.
Phosphorus occurrence and release potential at the sediment-water interface in lakes in cold-arid regions
Authors: Fei Qi , Li Wei , Wang Shuhang , Zhou Zhanqi , Wang Wenwen , Li Mengze 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In recent years, climate change has led to frequent eutrophication of lakes in cold-arid regions. To explore the potential release of P in sediments in cold-arid regions and its impact on eutrophication, we investigated P in Hulun Lake and Ulanor Wetland, lakes typical of cold-arid regions of China. Using continuous extraction of P and gradient diffusion film technology (DGT), the characteristics of P in the overlying water and sediments of Hulun Lake and Ulanor Wetland were analyzed. Bioavailability and the potential for release of P in sediments were evaluated. Mean concentrations of total P (TP) in the overlying water of Hulun Lake and Ulanor Wetland were 0.21 and 0.27 mg/L, respectively, mainly in particulate form. These concentrations fall into Class V for surface water, indicating inferior quality. The sediments of Hulun Lake and Ulanor Wetland mainly contain calcium-bound P and residual P, which together accounted for 68.7% and 67.0% of total P, respectively. The mean concentrations of bioavailable P (CDGT-P) in the sediments of Hulun Lake and Ulanor Lake were 0.04 and 0.01 mg/L, respectively, lower than those of Taihu Lake and Dianchi Lake, indicating low bioavailability of P in sediments. The concentration of inorganic P in the interstitial water of the surface sediments in Hulun Lake and Ulanor Wetland was higher than that in overlying water, indicating that there was a risk of P release from sediments. However, the recharge capacity of P from sediments was limited.
Development of a Natural Product Optimization Strategy for inhibitors against the cell wall synthesis enzyme MraY, a promising antibacterial target
Authors: Yamamoto Kazuki , Sato Toyotaka , Hao Aili , Asao Kenta , Kaguchi Rintaro , Kusaka Shintaro , Raju Ruddarraju , Kazamori Daichi , Seo Kiki , Takahashi Satoshi , Horiuchi Motohiro , Yokota Shin-ichi , Lee Seok-Yong , ichikawa Satoshi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Optimization of natural products is often required to improve their drug-like properties for therapeutic use. However, chemical modifications of natural products are painstaking tasks due to complex synthetic processes, which is a bottleneck in advancing natural products to clinic. Here, we developed a strategy for a comprehensive in situ evaluation of the build-up library, which enables us to streamline the preparation of the analogue library and directly assess its biological activities. We applied this approach to a series of natural product inhibitors for MraY, an important target for the antibacterial development. Through construction and evaluation of the 686-compound library, we identified promising analogues that exhibit potent and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against highly drug-resistant strains in vitro as well as in vivo in an acute thigh infection model Structures of the MraY-analogue complexes reveal distinct interaction patterns, suggesting that these analogues represent new types of MraY inhibitors with unique pharmacological profiles.
Assay of procalcitonin in umbilical cord blood: a way of reducing exposure of extremely premature newborns to antibiotic therapy
Authors: Hue-Bigé Amandine , François Bérengère , Casagrande Florence , Oertel Julie , Mathilde Mayerus , Trolli Sergio Eleni Dit 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective The diagnosis of early-onset neonatal sepsis (EOS) remains difficult. The early administration of antibiotic therapy though not without risk is still the most common practice. The main aim was to study the effect of a new algorithm for EOS, which includes the level of procalcitonin (PCT) in umbilical cord blood, on the exposure to antibiotic therapy of premature neonates of gestational age below 33 weeks of gestation who show signs of a risk of EOS.Materials and methods This is a monocentric, observational and retrospective study “before and after” of the evaluation of daily professional practices. The study was performed over two periods from the 1st of May to the 30th of November 2015, for the group of neonates not receiving PCT “no PCT” and from the 1st of November 2016 to the 30th of May 2017 for the group of neonates receiving PCT “PCT”. The duration and dose of antibiotic therapy provided as well as the morbidity and mortality were compared.Results Sixty neonates were included in the “no PCT” group and 54 in the “PCT” group. Antibiotic therapy was stopped after 24 hours for 18 neonates in the “PCT” group and 4 in the “no PCT” group (p = 0.001), and after 48 hours for 26 neonates in the “PCT” group and 10 in “no PCT” group (p = 0.0009). The average number of days of antibiotics was 3 for the “no PCT” group and one for the “PCT” group.Conclusion The implementation of a new decision making algorithm including PCT in the umbilical cord blood of preterm neonates at less than 33 weeks of gestation significantly reduced exposure to antibiotics without modifying mortality or morbidity.
Research on fault diagnosis of rolling bearings with variable working conditions based on improved residual neural network
Authors: Hu Chunsheng , Wei Xin , Cheng Fangjuan , Zhao Yong , Ma Teng , Tang Jiaze 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In response to the problem that the complex conditions of rolling bearing vibration signal and serious noise interference lead to poor fault diagnosis, an improved residual neural network fault diagnosis method is proposed. Firstly, the continuous wavelet transform is used to transform the collected rolling bearing time-domain signal into time-frequency mapping to improve the data quality; secondly, for the characteristics of the strong time-variability of rolling bearing time-domain signal, three 3×3 small convolutional layers and the addition of residual connections are used to improve the data pooling layer, which aims to effectively extract the fault feature information in the vibration signal and reduce the parameters in the residual neural network. Then, the residual neural network is improved by using swelling convolution to expand the perceptual field of the convolution kernel and to solve the problem of grid effect caused by the use of swelling convolution. The results show that the accuracy of the proposed method in variable noise experiments and variable load experiments is above 99%, which is higher than the comparison methods. The proposed method can effectively improve the accuracy of bearing fault diagnosis under variable working conditions, with strong noise immunity and generalization ability.
Pulmonary embolism risk in critically ill patients with COVID-19: an instrumental variable analysis using differential application of thromboprophylaxis guidelines
Authors: Nab Linda , Visser Chantal , Bussel van Bas , Beishuizen Albertus , Bemelmans Remy , Cate Hugo ten , Croles F. , Guldener van Coen , Jager de C. , Huisman Menno , Nijziel Marten , Kamphuisen Pieter , Klok Frederikus , Koster Stephanie , Kuşadasi Nuray , Meijer Karina , Uil Corstiaan , Schutgens Roger , Stam Frank , Vlaar Alexander , Vlot Eline , Linschoten Marijke , Asselbergs Folkert , Kruip Marieke , Cessie le Saskia , Cannegieter Suzanne 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Thrombotic complications are common in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, with pulmonary embolism (PE) being the most frequent. Randomised trials have provided inconclusive results on the optimal dosage of thromboprophylaxis in critically ill COVID-19 patients. We utilized data from the multicentre CAPACITY-COVID patient registry to assess the effect of differential application of Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH) dose protocols on PE and in-hospital mortality risk in critically ill COVID-19 patients. An instrumental variable analysis was performed to estimate the intention-to-treat effect, utilizing differences in thromboprophylaxis prescribing behaviour between hospitals. We included 939 patients with PCR confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection from 34 hospitals. Two-hundred-and-one patients (21%) developed a PE. The adjusted cause-specific HR of PE was 0.92 (95% CI: 0.73–1.16) per doubling of LMWH dose. The adjusted cause-specific HR for in-hospital mortality was 0.82 (95% CI: 0.65–1.02) per doubling of LMWH dose. This dose-response relationship was shown to be non-linear. To conclude, this study did not find evidence for an effect of LMWH dose on the risk of PE, but suggested a non-linear decreased risk of in-hospital mortality for higher doses of LMWH. However, uncertainty remains, and the dose-response relationship between LMWH dose and in-hospital mortality needs further investigation in well-designed studies.
CXCL2 promoted lymphatic metastasis in endometrial cancer by regulating STMN1 related ferroptosis
Authors: Mao Yiwen , Liu Guangtao , Fu Haonan , Li Jiaxin , Tang Qionglan , Jiang Xuefeng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
CAFs infiltration increased and ferroptosis decreased in metastatic tissues and lymph nodes compared with non-metastatic endometrial cancer tissues and negative lymph nodes. The ferroptosis-related gene STMN1 was identified by bioinformatics analysis and was closely related to CAFs infiltration. Three STMN1 knockdown endometrial cancer cell lines were constructed to verify the attenuated malignant phenotype and increased ferroptosis. Supernatants of CAFs derived from non-metastatic tissues and metastatic lymphoid tissues were collected for cytokine chip detection. CXCL2 was identified to be closely related to the ferroptosis process of endometrial cancer. Detection of CXCL2 levels in clinical samples showed that CXCL2 levels were increased in tissues, serum and lymphoid tissues of patients with metastatic endometrial cancer. CXCL2 can partially rescue cancer cells from ferroptosis caused by STMN1 knockdown, restore the malignant phenotype, and enhance the tube formation ability of HLEC cells. In vivo experiments showed that CXCL2 promoted cancer cell tumorigenesis and metastasis, while knockdown of STMN1 attenuated this property. In summary, we demonstrated that CXCL2 secreted by CAFs from metastatic tissues regulated STMN1 to inhibit ferroptosis in cancer cells and promote tube formation in HLEC cells. These two synergetic effects promote lymphatic metastasis in endometrial cancer.
Single-cell analysis reveals Cxcl14+ progenitor fibroblast accumulation in regenerating diabetic wound treated by hydrogel-delivering carbon monoxide
Authors: Li Ya , Lu Sun , Chen Ranxi , Liang Yuyun , Zhang Hexu , He Chaoyong , Shi Bi , Petropoulos Sophie , Zhao Cheng , SHI LIYANG 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Non-healing skin wound is a problematic complication associated with diabetes. Therapeutic gases delivered by biomaterials have demonstrated powerful wound healing capabilities, but the mechanisms by which they promote skin regeneration remain unclear. Here, we demonstrated the benefit of a carbon monoxide-releasing hyaluronan hydrogel (CO@HAG) in promoting diabetic wound healing and investigated the regeneration mechanism through single-cell transcriptomic analysis. The presented CO@HAG demonstrated wound microenvironment responsive gas releasing properties and significantly accelerated diabetic wound healing process. In CO@HAG-treated regenerating wound, a new cluster of Cxcl14+ fibroblast with progenitor properties was found to be accumulated and wound macrophages of pro-inflammatory feature decreased while their anti-inflammatory property increased. Moreover, TGF-β signal between pro-inflammatory (M1) macrophage and Cxcl14+ fibroblast was attenuated, which may result in Cxcl14+ fibroblast enrichment. Our study provides a novel hydrogel-mediated gas therapy method for diabetic wound and new insights into the underlying mechanisms by which gas-releasing biomaterials facilitate skin regeneration.
Recent expansion of Penelope-like retrotransposons in the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea
Authors: Carrasco-Valenzuela Tomas , Marins Luísa , Ramos Elisa K. S. , Suh Alexander , Mazzoni Camila J. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Transposable elements are known to induce variation in vertebrate genomes through their diversity and number, with related species usually presenting consistency in the proportion and abundance of TE families. Despite their ancient divergence times, sea turtles Chelonia mydas and Dermochelys coriacea show high levels of overall genomic synteny and gene collinearity, but there is still a lot to explore regarding their TE panorama. In light of this, we analysed high-quality reference genomes of these species, which represent the two different extant superfamilies of sea turtles - Dermochelyidae and Cheloniidae - to explore their mobilomes and compared them with the 13 available Testudines draft genomes. In line with previous genome-wide comparisons between the two distantly related sea turtle superfamilies, our analyses showcased that turtle genomes generally share similar mobilomes. Nonetheless, we identified that the main difference between these mobilomes is a much higher proportion of Penelope-like Elements (PLEs) and Long Interspersed Elements (LINEs) in D. coriacea. Finally, we identified a new PLE subfamily of Neptune-1 present in D. coriacea’s genome, with evidence for a substantial amount of recent insertions. These results show that despite the overall slow evolutionary pace of turtle genomes, at least D. coriacea exhibits an active mobilome.
Kidney involvement in children during SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant pandemic
Authors: Jung Jiwon , Lee Jina , Lee Joo Hoon 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background As the COVID-19 pandemic persists with the Omicron variants, infection rates in children have rapidly increased compared to previous years. We aimed to investigate the presentation of kidney involvement in children after COVID-19 Omicron variant infection.Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of pediatric patients who presented with kidney involvement between January and August 2022 with a temporal relationship with COVID-19 infection from a Korean single tertiary center.Results Fifteen children presented with kidney involvement after Omicron infection, with a median age of 10.6 (6.8–18.3) years. Aside from fever, cough, sore throat, and diarrhea, none of the patients had severe respiratory symptoms. The median time from infection to renal symptom onset was 3 (0–49) days. Among 10 patients with underlying kidney disease, 6 had previously been diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome (NS) that relapsed after COVID-19 infection, 2 with immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) showed transient gross hematuria (GHU) with or without acute kidney injury (AKI), and 2 with kidney transplantation presented with AKI. Of the 5 patients without underlying kidney disease, one patient had NS, and the other 4 patients had GHU and proteinuria (PU), of whom one was eventually diagnosed with Henoch-Shönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN). Seven NS patients (1 new-onset, 6 relapsed) showed uneventful remission with corticosteroids. Other than one patient with new-onset HSPN, patients with GHU and PU resolved spontaneously, and patients with AKI also resolved with supportive care.Conclusions Kidney involvement can occur in various, but mostly non-fatal manifestations in children after COVID-19 Omicron variant infection.
Brazilian spice has anti-diabetic and cardiovascular risk-reducing effects in rats
Authors: Miranda Vinicius Carvalho , Pereira Yago Luis Gonçalves , Paz Allane Patrícia Santos da , Souza Keyla Rodrigues , Silva Márcia Cristina Freitas da , Muto Nilton Akio , Monteiro Patrick Romano , Santos Agenor Valadares , Hamoy Moises , Medeiros Maria das Graças Freire , Carmo Iolanda Souza , Silva Maria Eduarda Moraes , Neto José de Sousa Lima , Mello Vanessa Jóia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia and whose prevalence has been increasing over the years. Diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis appear to be connected. Natural herbal remedies have proven to be safe and effective alternatives in the treatment of this disease. In Northern Brazil, the species Lippia origanoides Kunth (Verbenaceae), used as a spice, is associated with therapeutic activities, however, its antidiabetic potential lacks studies. This work aimed to evaluate the hypoglycemic and cardiovascular risk-reducing effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of Lippia origanoides Kunth (ELo) in rats with alloxan-induced diabetes (120 mg/kg). The animals received ELo at doses of 75, 150, and 250 mg/kg p.o. for 28 days, and positive control was performed in comparison with Glibenclamide (5 mg/kg). Treatment with ELo at all studied doses showed hypoglycemic and cardiovascular risk-reducing effects. Flavonoids that are directly related to these pharmacological activities were identified in ELo by LC-MS, coupled to a liquid chromatography system. The extract obtained from this spice has a promising action on diabetes with cardioprotection establishing a basis for the development of toxicological studies to validate the plant in traditional medicine and further investigations in humans.
Up-regulation of NGEF by ERK/AP1 signaling pathway in BRAFV600E-mutant thyroid cancer promotes cancer metastasis
Authors: Fu Zhao , Wang Ye , Wang Congjun , Yu Zhu , Huang Weijia , Zheng Kaitian , Wang Shengyu , Yang Jian , Chen JunQiang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background The BRAFV600E mutation is the most frequent genetic mutation in thyroid tumors, and is therefore a key therapeutic target. However, intrinsic feedback mechanisms impact the clinical use of BRAFV600E-specific inhibitors. Further investigations into the specific roles and molecular mechanisms underlying BRAFV600E in thyroid cancer progression are required.Methods In the present study, Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets were used to identify NGEF (Neuronal Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor ) gene expression patterns and the corresponding clinical relevance. NGEF expression levels were determined in tissues and cells using reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q) PCR, western blotting and immunohistochemical analyses. Moreover, potential associations between the BRAFV600E mutation and NGEF were verified using bioinformatics, RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. In vitro experiments were conducted to investigate the cytological role of NGEF. Results of the present study demonstrated that the transcription factor AP-1 (c-fos/c-jun) was upstream of NGEF by the bioinformatics, qRT-PCR, WB, and dual luciferase reporter assays.Results NGEF mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly elevated in thyroid malignant specimens, compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues. In addition, increased NGEF expression was associated with TNM stage in patients with thyroid cancer. Results of the present study also demonstrated that NGEF expression was significantly enhanced in BRAFV600E-mutant thyroid cancer, and NGEF knockdown in BRAFV600E-mutant thyroid cancer cells inhibited migration and invasion, through impacting epithelial-mesenchymal transition. On the other hand, the reverse effects were observed following NGEF overexpression. Results of the present study further demonstrated that the BRAFV600E-mediated MAPK/ERK cascade upregulated NGEF expression, and NGEF was subsequently identified as a target of AP-1.Conclusions NGEF is expressed by the ERK/AP-1 pathway in BRAFV600E-mutant thyroid cancer, and is associated with tumor metastasis. These results indicated that NGEF may exhibit potential as a therapeutic target in BRAFV600E-mutant thyroid cancer.