bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spring barley malt quality in eastern Washington and northern Idaho
Authors: Craine Evan B. , Choi Halle , Schroeder Kurtis L. , Brueggeman Robert , Esser Aaron , Murphy Kevin M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMalted barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a foundational ingredient for the brewing industry, providing functionality and flavor. Increasing demand for locally produced barley, supported by the craft brewing and malting industries, necessitates identifying environments and varieties to meet this demand. Therefore, we analyzed malt quality and quantified quality scores for adjunct (AQS) and all‐malt (AMQS) brewing for 12 barley genotypes grown at 11 locations in eastern Washington and Northern Idaho in 2017 and 2018. Genotype‐by‐environment interactions were identified for six out of nine of the malt quality traits. These included kernel plumpness, malt extract, diastatic power, α‐amylase, β‐glucan, and free amino nitrogen. Stability indices, including Eberhart and Russell's deviation from regression, simultaneous selection index, and mean of the relative performance of genotypic values were quantified. We identified genotypes that had high stability and high AQS (LCS Genie, LCS Odyssey, 12WA 120.14, 12WA 120.23, and GemCraft) or AMQS (LCS Odyssey, LCS Genie, Palmer, 11WA 107.36, 11WA 107.58). Significant correlations between rainfall and barley protein (r = −0.22, p < 0.001), and between barley protein and seven out of eight of the other malt quality traits, reveal important relationships that may influence malt quality. This study may aid producers in variety selection, and provides a detailed malt quality analysis, evidence of G×E interactions, and stability measures for barley genotypes within a production region that has the potential to meet malting barley demand.
Phlegmonous duodenitis in an immunocompromised patient
Authors: Miyagishima Daisuke , Fujita Naoto , Suzuki Hiromasa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPhlegmonous duodenitis is an extremely rare condition, and only a few cases have been previously reported. Here, we report a case of phlegmonous duodenitis caused by Streptococcus parasanguinis and Escherichia coli in a 78‐year‐old immunocompromised patient with diabetes mellitus and immunosuppressive drugs. Abdominal computed tomography showed diffuse thickening of the duodenum and gastric antrum, and esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed some erosions with purulent discharge and reddish and edematous mucosa in the duodenal bulb. A bacteriological culture test detected the two abovementioned bacteria and established the diagnosis of phlegmonous duodenitis. Following the initiation of antibiotic treatment, his condition rapidly improved. Endoscopists should be aware of this rare entity and pay attention to the endoscopic duodenal findings similar to those of phlegmonous gastritis, particularly in immunocompromised patients who develop abdominal symptoms with severe inflammation.
Contralateral foot temperature monitoring during Charcot immobilisation: A systematic review
Authors: Jones Petra J. , Davies Melanie J. , Webb David , Berrington Rachel , Frykberg Robert G. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimsContralateral temperature difference (CTD) is a frequently used marker of healing in Charcot neuro‐osteoarthropathy (CN). We aimed to determine whether there is a consistent approach to CTD measurement during healing and the decision‐making process around cessation of immobilisation.Materials and MethodsMedline, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched until February 2022 for peer‐reviewed studies using keywords, including ((‘arthropathy’ OR ‘osteoarthropathy’ OR ‘osteopathy’ OR ‘neuroarthropathy’) AND ‘Charcot’ AND (‘temperature’)), which returned 789 results excluding duplicates. Included studies monitored CTD in those with active CN to (i) assess the healing process and (ii) assist in determining the transition from immobilisation.ResultsThirty four studies in total (n = 677 participants) were shortlisted and 19 were included after full paper review. Average CTD at presentation varied from 1.6 to 8.0°C with insufficient data to determine if CTD was proportional to severity of Charcot. Evidence of a relationship between CTD and radiographic or scintigraphy‐based markers of healing varied depending on the methodology employed. Threshold CTD for the cessation of immobilisation ranged from <1°C to <2°C. Most frequently it was <2°C sustained for 2–3 visits. Temperature was monitored typically every 2–6 weeks using handheld thermometry at CN site(s) after resting the feet for 15 min. Device type, accuracy/reliability, and ambient temperature were rarely reported.ConclusionsFurther research on CTD and radiographic and radiotracer markers is needed involving larger cohorts. Standardisation in reporting of thermometry device type, accuracy and reliability, foot resting times, and ambient temperature controls is essential to facilitate the comparison of studies, meta‐analysis, and evaluation of different immobilisation interventions.
Atypical anorexia nervosa after bariatric surgery and the DSM‐5 diagnostic criteria: Commentary on Walsh et al. (2023)
Authors: Conceição Eva , Hilbert Anja 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe applicability of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM‐5) criteria for anorexia nervosa (AN) and atypical AN to individuals having undergone bariatric surgery poses several challenges due to the atypical presentation of AN‐like symptoms in this population. We describe these challenges, propose modifications to the corresponding diagnostic criteria, and delineate areas of research to inform possible adaptations of atypical AN criteria with applicability to postbariatric surgery populations. We discuss the utility of a strict definition of “significantly low weight” and “significant weight loss” as part of DSM‐5 Criterion A for AN and atypical AN, highlighting the importance of clinical judgment. We also question the clinical distinction between AN and atypical AN based solely on weight and argue that the hallmark feature of both diagnoses in postbariatric surgery populations should be persistent energy intake restriction coupled with persistent weight‐control behaviors. Finally, criteria B and C need to allow the distinction between common concerns of bariatric surgery patients regarding weight and eating, and clinically relevant symptoms of atypical AN and AN. Knowing the rates, the specificities, and the impact of atypical AN on postsurgical weight loss has important implications for the clinical attention of these often‐overlooked patients.
Comparison of the mitochondrial genomes of three geographical strains of Apis laboriosa indicates high genetic diversity in the black giant honeybee (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Authors: Tang Xiang‐You , Yao Yu‐Xin , Li Yao‐Hui , Song Hua‐Li , Luo Rui , Shi Peng , Zhou Ze‐Yang , Xu Jin‐Shan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractApis laboriosa is the largest honeybee that lives mainly on cliff faces, with strong migratory ability. In this study, we firstly sequenced and assembled two complete mitochondrial genomes of A. laboriosa isolated from two distant locations in China (Chongqing and Shangri‐La regions). Combined with the published mitochondrial genome of A. laboriosa from Nepal, comparative genomic analyses were conducted to gain insight into the genetic diversity of giant honeybees from different geographical distributions. The mitochondrial genomes of A. laboriosa from Chongqing and Shangri‐La regions were 15,579 and 15,683 bp in length, respectively, both larger than that from Nepal with the length of 15,510 bp. Three mitochondrial genomes all harbor 37 common genes and present the same AT bias and the frequency of codon usage. However, the fragments including COX1, SSUrRNA, LSUrRNA, and the AT‐rich region of the mitochondrial genome from Shangri‐La region demonstrate distinctive insertions and deletions compared to those from Chongqing and Nepal regions. Phylogenetic trees of mitochondrial genomes show that A. laboriosa from Chongqing is most closely related to that from Nepal, rather than to Shangri‐La. Genetic distance between Shangri‐La and Chongqing or Nepal was even larger than that between the various subspecies of Apis mellifera. Overall, these results unmark that A. laboriosa in different geographical distributions can exhibit high genetic diversity at the mitochondrial genomic level, and therein, A. laboriosa from Shangri‐La may be the subspecies. All these studies will contribute to our understanding of the geographical distribution and genetic differentiation of black giant honeybee in Asian region.
Egg white peptides administration in enhancing pathological immune response and regulating intestinal bacteria abundance: A new strategy for relieving young mice colitis
Authors: Ge Huifang , Li Ting , Yang Qi , Tang Yuanhu , Liu Jingbo , Yu Yiding , Zhang Ting 
Published: February 2023

AbstractUlcerative colitis (UC) threatens teenagers’ health as it can damage the immune system and intestinal flora. The impact of egg white peptides (EWPs) on dextran sulfate sodium‐induced young colitis mice models was investigated. Findings suggested that EWPs improved colitis symptoms and modulated inflammatory factors in mice. EWPs treatment could enhance the abundance ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes, the relative abundances of Lactobacillus, and the concentrations of short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs). According to Pearson correlation analysis, Bacteroides was favorably connected with IL‐6 and negatively correlated with acetic acid and total SCFAs. In conclusion, EWPs relieved young mice's UC symptoms by inhibiting the progression of colitis, regulating the inflammation response, and improving the imbalance of intestinal flora. The current study also supports using EWPs as a practical dietary resource for ameliorating UC.
Exploration of meaning, motivation, and preparedness to care amongst the one‐child policy generation in China
Authors: Bifarin Oladayo , Quinn Catherine , Breen Liz , Yu Liu , Oyebode Jan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesIn China there is a cultural expectation (Xiao, 孝‐filial piety) that offspring should provide care for their parents. However, the sustainability of this is threatened by the impact of the One‐Child Policy (OCP) (1979–2015), which has resulted in a diminution in numbers of children available to care, rapid urbanisation and increase in the number of women in employment. In this context, the objective was to explore the motivations, meaning, and preparedness for future caregiving of offspring affected by the OCP.Design and MethodsWe adopted a constructivist position using a hermeneutic phenomenology approach and interviewed eight current and prospective caregivers aged 20–35 years about future caregiving responsibilities. Data were obtained through in‐depth interviews, analysed using reflective Thematic Analysis.Results and conclusion(s)Three prominent themes: (i) Caregiving beliefs, (ii) Caregiving conditions and (iii) Contextual factors were identified under an overarching theme “Competing pressures‐meanings, motivation and preparedness”. Despite the inherent stress, participants envisaged providing or organising care in the future to fulfil Xiao, and most viewed long‐term care settings as unviable. Ultimately, the findings suggested that the actual performance of caregiving would not always measure up to ideal expectations, resulting in ‘filial discrepancy’ that is, a gap between societal expectations for caregiving to older relatives and actual caregiving performance. This could adversely impact the caregivers and quality of care provided. The findings highlighted the urgent need to develop culturally attuned services, including education and training for family caregivers, health and social care professionals.
Movies, stigma and choice: Evidence from the pharmaceutical industry
Authors: Aggarwal Mayank , Chakrabarti Anindya S. , Chatterjee Chirantan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDo movies reduce stigma, increasing healthcare product choices offered by firms? We provide causal evidence on this question in the context of Indian pharmaceutical markets. For unpacking these effects, we use an exogenous shock to the market due to the release of a Bollywood blockbuster movie ‐ My Name is Khan (MNIK) where the protagonist, superstar Shahrukh Khan, suffers from Asperger's Syndrome (AS). Using a difference‐in‐differences design, we find a positive and statistically significant effect of MNIK (between 14% and 22% increase in variety sold and prescribed) on product differentiation and choices in the market for antipsychotic medicines used to clinically treat AS. Results are consistent using alternative controls, a placebo treatment‐based test and with a variety of other robustness checks. Our findings document likely for the first‐time, supply side responses to edutainment and suggests potential associated welfare effects in healthcare markets characterized by sticky demand. Implications for global health and public policy given worldwide concerns around a mental wellness epidemic with Covid‐19 are discussed.
Advances in Biohybridized Planar Polymer Membranes and Membrane‐Like Matrices
Authors: Eggenberger Olivia M. , Jaśko Piotr , Tarvirdipour Shabnam , Schoenenberger Cora‐Ann , Palivan Cornelia G. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe past few decades have seen increasing growth in the field of biomimetic membranes and thus also a rapid expansion of their biomedical and technological applications. Versatility, stability and scalability have moved biohybrid polymer membranes into the limelight. This review focuses on planar, soft polymer membranes and polymer‐based matrices and their role as a host for different types of biomolecules. Because biomimetic polymer platforms present an extensive, ever‐growing field, we limit ourselves mostly to the discussion of producing planar polymer membranes on solid supports that lend themselves to functionalization by biomolecules. We present an overview of the major highlights and challenges associated with the biohybridization of such polymer platforms. In particular, we elaborate on procedures developed to maintain optimal peptide and membrane protein performance in a customized polymer membrane or membrane‐like environment. Finally, we discuss a number of applications of such biohybridized polymer platforms and contemplate future developments to further exploit their potential.
Enhancing urban runoff modelling using water stable isotopes and ages in complex catchments
Authors: Smith Aaron , Tetzlaff Doerthe , Marx Christian , Soulsby Chris 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIncreased urbanization, coupled with the projected impacts of climatic change, mandates further evaluation of the impact of urban development on water flow paths to guide sustainable land‐use planning. Though the general urbanization impacts of increased storm runoff peaks and reduced baseflows are well known; how the complex, non‐stationary interaction of the dominant water fluxes within dynamic urban water stores sustain streamflow regimes over longer periods of time is less well quantified. In particular, there is a challenge in how hydrological modelling should integrate the juxtaposition of rapid and slower flow pathways of the urban ‘karst’ landscape and different approaches need evaluation. In this context, we utilized hydrological and water stable isotope datasets within a modelling framework that combined the commonly used Hydrologic Engineering Center Hydrological Modelling System (HEC‐HMS) urban runoff model along with a simple hydrological tracer module and transit time modelling to evaluate the spatial and temporal variation of water flow paths and ages within a heavily urbanized 217 km2 catchment in Berlin, Germany. Deeper groundwater was the primary flow component in the upper reaches of the catchment within fewer urbanized regions, while the addition of wastewater effluent in the mid‐reaches of the catchment was the dominant water supply to sustain baseflow in the lower main stem stream, with additional direct storm runoff and shallow subsurface contributions in the more urbanized lower reaches. Water ages from each modelling approach mirrored flow contributions and water age mixing potential in subsurface storage; with older average water and lower young water contributions in less urbanized sub‐catchments and younger average water and higher young water contributions in more urbanized regions. The results from the first step towards more integrated tracer‐aided hydrologic modelling tools for similar peri‐urban catchments, given the potential limitations of simpler model frameworks. The results have broader implications for assessing the uncertainty in evaluating urban impacts on hydrological function under environmental change.
Effect of vapour transport on soil evaporation under different soil textures and water table depths in an arid area of Northwest China
Authors: Liu Xiuqiang , Chen Xi , Wang Lichun , Zhang Yangyang , Cheng Qinbo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn arid area, the liquid water and water vapour states in soil profiles and fluxes at the upper and bottom interfaces are extremely complex due to heterogeneity of soil textures and the driving forces of heat and matrix potential. In this study, we used Hydrus‐1D to simultaneously simulate liquid water, water vapour, and heat transport based on the observed datasets of atmosphere, soil and groundwater at three soil profiles in an arid area of northwest China. Based on the comparison of the observed and simulated results at the three soil profiles, we show that there are diurnal vapour entry and outlet fluxes at the dry surface layer of 30 cm in the summer season. The vapour entry and re‐evaporation account for about 14% of annual precipitation for the heterogeneity soil profile with a mean groundwater depth of 210 cm. Because of limited soil moisture in this arid area, vapour induced re‐evaporation occurs shortly in the early daytime. Moreover, the extent of vapour entry, condensation and re‐evaporation are strongly dependent on soil properties and water table depth. The deeper water table produces the drier soil surface, allowing more vapour entry, condensation and re‐evaporation. Whereas the finer grained soil layers benefit the vapour fixation to produce zero fluxes that substantially inhibit the upward liquid water and vapour fluxes, and thereby reduces soil actual evaporation (AE). The reduced AE correspondingly decreases the capillary effect on phreatic evaporation, given that AE decreases slowly with decline of water table and the large extinct depth of phreatic evaporation for the finer grained soil profiles. The estimated extinct depths are 180 and 200 cm for the soil profiles consisting of silt loam and loamy sand, respectively, much larger than 100 cm of the typical sandy soil profile. Additionally, as water table is comparably higher and lower than the extinct depth, the models neglecting the vapour – heat function could, respectively, overestimate and underestimate soil evaporation.
Cancer survival in the Faroe Islands over the last 50 years compared to the other Nordic countries
Authors: Kristiansen Marnar Fríðheim , Mikkelsen Ronja Midjord , Kristiansdóttir Tordis , Andórsdóttir Guðrið , Hansen Sæunn Ólavsdóttir , á Steig Bjarni , Nielsen Kári Rubek , Skaalum Petersen Maria , Strøm Marin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAs sustained development in cancer treatment protocols have led to improved survival in most areas of the world, surveillance is needed to ensure that small populations follow suit. Our study reports age‐standardized relative cancer survival in the Faroe Islands compared to the other Nordic countries. We present 1‐ and 5‐year survival estimates and corresponding 95% confidence intervals for the Faroe Islands and compare them with estimates for the Nordic countries. The data for this article has been obtained through the NORDCAN collaboration (2019 data). Age‐standardized relative survival was estimated using shared R codes on individual‐level data within each country. Ten‐year calendar inclusion periods were used in addition to the usual 5‐year calendar periods to include cancer sites with few cases, which is especially beneficial to the smaller populations. The primary findings were that 1‐ and 5‐year survival were consistently lower in the Faroes for the summary group all sites but non‐melanoma skin cancer for both women and men. Further, 5‐year survival was lower for women with ovarian cancer and men with lung cancer than in other Nordic countries. Previously, breast cancer survival was low in the Faroes but has improved to a comparable level over the last few years. Colorectal cancer survival was relatively high for both sexes. The reported estimates in this article call for further research to investigate the cancers with lower survival and should call for actions to improve the survival of Faroese cancer patients.
Prediction of placenta accreta spectrum with nomogram combining radiomic and clinical factors: A novel developed and validated integrative model
Authors: Hu Yumin , Chen Weiyue , Kong Chunli , Lin Guihan , Li Xia , Zhou Zhangwei , Shen Shaobo , Chen Ling , Zhou Jiahui , Zhao Hongyan , Yu Zhuo , Wang Zufei , Lu Chenying , Ji Jiansong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo develop and validate a clinicoradiomic nomogram based on sagittal T2WI images to predict placenta accreta spectrum (PAS).MethodsBetween October 2016 and April 2022, women suspected of PAS by ultrasound were enrolled. After taking into account exclusion criteria, 132 women were retrospectively included in the study. The variance threshold SelectKBest and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator were applied to select radiomic features, which was further used to calculate the Rad‐score. Multivariable logistic regression was used to screen clinical factor.ResultsBased on 13 radiomic features, five radiomic models were constructed. A clinical factor of intraplacental T2‐hypointense bands was obtained by multivariate logistic regression. The area under the curve (AUC) value of the stochastic gradient descent (SGD) radiomic model was 0.82 in the training cohort and 0.78 in the test cohort. After adding clinical factors to the SGD radiomic model, the AUC value of the clinicoradiomic model was significantly increased from 0.82 and 0.78 to 0.84 in both the training and test cohorts. The nomogram of the clinicoradiomic model was constructed, which had good performance verified by calibration and a decision curve.ConclusionThe presented nomogram could be useful for predicting PAS.
Hedging role of stablecoins
Authors: Kakinuma Yosuke 
Published: February 2023

SummaryWild price fluctuations of cryptocurrencies make it difficult for investors to maintain stable asset values. This study investigates the hedging properties of US dollar (USD)‐pegged stablecoins against bitcoin returns. We analyzed the hedging abilities of the three largest stablecoins—namely, Tether, USD Coin, and Binance USD—using the dynamic conditional correlation–generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity, dummy variable regression, vector autoregression, and impulse response functions. We found that stablecoins are generally negatively correlated with bitcoin returns, indicating that they can be effective hedging instruments against high‐volatility crypto assets. Among the stablecoins, Binance USD offers the largest risk reduction, and Tether was a weak safe haven during the COVID‐19 crisis period. Crypto investors can diversify their portfolios by holding stablecoins.