bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Orthostatic Hypotension in the Development of Dementia in People With and Without Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Xia Xin , Qiu Chengxuan , Rizzuto Debora , Fratiglioni Laura , Dai Lu , Laukka Erika J. , Grande Giulia , Vetrano Davide Liborio 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Orthostatic hypotension (OH) has been associated with elevated risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and dementia risk. To better understand the OH-dementia association, we assessed the associations of OH with CVD and subsequent dementia in older adults and considered the temporality of CVD and dementia onset.

Methods:
This 15-year population-based cohort study included, at baseline, 2703 dementia-free participants (mean age, 73.7 years) who were divided into a CVD-free cohort (n=1986) and a CVD cohort (n=717). OH was defined as a systolic/diastolic blood pressure decline of ≥20/10 mm Hg after standing up from a supine position. CVDs and dementia were ascertained by physicians or identified from registers. Multistate Cox regressions were applied to assess the associations of OH with CVD and subsequent dementia in the CVD-free and dementia-free cohort. The OH-dementia association in the CVD cohort was examined with Cox regressions.

Results:
OH was present in 434 (21.9%) individuals in the CVD-free cohort and 180 (25.1%) individuals in the CVD cohort. OH was associated with a hazard ratio of 1.33 (95% CI, 1.12–1.59) for CVD. OH was not significantly associated with incident dementia in the absence of CVD occurring before dementia diagnosis (hazard ratio, 1.22 [95% CI, 0.83–1.81]). In the CVD cohort, individuals with OH had a higher dementia risk than those without OH (hazard ratio, 1.54 [95% CI, 1.06–2.23]).

Conclusions:
The association between OH and dementia may partly be explained by the intermediate development of CVD. In addition, in people with CVD, those with OH may have a poorer cognitive prognosis.
The 2021 Hazardous Weather Testbed Experimental Warning Program Radar Convective Applications Experiment: A Forecaster Evaluation of the Tornado Probability Algorithm and the New Mesocyclone Detection Algorithm
Authors: Sandmæl Thea N. , Smith Brandon R. , Madden Jonathan G. , Monroe Justin W. , Hyland Patrick T. , Schenkel Benjamin A. , Meyer Tiffany C. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Developed as part of a larger effort by the National Weather Service (NWS) Radar Operations Center to modernize their suite of single-radar severe weather algorithms for the WSR-88D network, the Tornado Probability Algorithm (TORP) and the New Mesocyclone Detection Algorithm (NMDA) were evaluated by operational forecasters during the 2021 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Hazardous Weather Testbed (HWT) Experimental Warning Program Radar Convective Applications experiment. Both TORP and NMDA leverage new products and advances in radar technology to create rotation-based objects that interrogate single-radar data, providing important summary and trend information that aids forecasters in issuing time-critical and potentially life-saving weather products. Utilizing virtual resources like Google Workspace and cloud instances on Amazon Web Services, 18 forecasters from the NOAA/NWS and the U.S. Air Force participated remotely over three weeks during the spring of 2021, providing valuable feedback on the efficacy of the algorithms and their display in an operational warning environment, serving as a critical step in the research-to-operations process for the development of TORP and NMDA. This article will discuss the details of the virtual HWT experiment and the results of each algorithm’s evaluation during the testbed.

Significance Statement
Before transitioning newly developed radar-based severe weather applications to forecasting operations, an experiment simulating the use of these tools by end users issuing severe weather warnings is helpful to identify both how they are best utilized and address any needed improvements to increase their operational readiness. Conducted in 2021, this study describes the forecaster evaluation of the single-radar Tornado Probability Algorithm (TORP) and the New Mesocyclone Detection Algorithm (NMDA) in one of the first completely virtual Hazardous Weather Testbed (HWT) experiments. Participants stated both TORP and NMDA offered marked improvement over the currently available algorithms by helping the operational forecaster build their confidence when issuing severe weather warnings and increasing their overall situational awareness of storms within their domain.
Blood protection of autologous platelet-rich plasma in long-time aortic root reconstruction: A retrospective study
Authors: Zhou Xiaoyu , Xu Lingfeng , Chang Xin , Sun Lin , Guo Zhen 
Published: May 2023

Objective This study aimed to investigate the blood protective effect of autologous platelet-rich plasma in aortic root reconstruction under longtime cardiopulmonary bypass. Method Patients who underwent aortic root reconstruction between August 2018 and August 2022 were included and divided into experimental and control groups according to whether autologous platelet-rich plasmapheresis was used or not. The experimental group included 112 patients (90 males aged 39.00 [28.75–49.00] years), and the control group included 112 patients (90 males aged 37.00 [27.00–46.25] years). The clinical data for example EuroSCORE II cardiovascular surgery risk score, blood routine and other indicators were collected from the two groups. Results The transfusion volume of allogeneic red blood cells in the experimental group (52 cases without blood transfusion, 23 cases with 1–2 units, 15 cases with 3–4 units, and 22 cases with 5 units and above) was significantly lower than that in the control group (32 cases without transfusion, 34 cases with 1–2 units, 22 cases with 3–4 units, and 24 cases with 5 units or more) (Z = −2.06, p < 0.05). Resternotomy/thoracotomy occurred in 11 cases (9.8%) in the experimental group and 23 cases (20.5%) in the control group (RR = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.1–5.14, p < 0.05). The number of bleeding events in the experimental group (18 cases, 16.1%) was significantly less than that in the control group (33 cases, 29.5%) (RR = 2.18, 95% CI: 1.14–4.17, p < 0.05). Conclusions The application of autologous platelet-rich plasma in a long-time cardiopulmonary bypass aortic root reconstruction can reduce the amount of allogeneic blood transfusion and the occurrence of bleeding events, which is beneficial for blood protection.
Lung iodine mapping images of acute postpartum dyspnea without pulmonary thromboembolism using dual-energy CT
Authors: Okada Munemasa , Nomura Takafumi , Kunihiro Yoshie , Takegami Kazuki , Uehara Takuya , Tokurei Shogo 
Published: May 2023

Background Postpartum dyspnea is commonly observed, but its cause is often unknown. Purpose To investigate postpartum dyspnea, we compared lung iodine mapping (LIM) using dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) between postpartum women and women suspected of having pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). Material and Methods In this retrospective study, 109 women of reproductive age (50 postpartum women, 59 women unrelated to pregnancy) underwent DECT between March 2009 and August 2020. Among the postpartum women, 23 patients were excluded due to late-onset dyspnea (n=20: >48 h after delivery) or the presence of PTE (n=3). A total of 86 patients were divided into three groups (27 postpartum women [postpartum group], 19 women with PTE [PTE group], and 40 women without PTE [non-PTE group]). Quantitation was applied to a decreased LIM value (LIM5; defined as <5 HU) and the relative value of LIM5 to whole LIM volume (%LIM5). LIM defects were classified into five patterns (0 = none, 1 = wedge-shaped, 2 = reticular/liner, 3 = diffuse granular/patchy, 4 = massive defects) based on a consensus between two readers. Results There were significant differences in the LIM5 and %LIM5 values among the three groups. The LIM5 and %LIM5 were largest in the PTE group, and postpartum women showed intermediate values between the non-PTE and PTE groups. Wedge-shaped defects were prominent in the PTE group, and diffuse granular/patchy defect was a typical feature in the postpartum group. Conclusion Postpartum women with dyspnea showed granular/patchy defects on DECT with a median quantitative value between the PTE and non-PTE groups.
Preserving the Semitendinosus Distal Attachment Is Associated With Improved Graft Remodeling After ACL Reconstruction
Authors: Vari Nicolas , Marot Vincent , Ripoll Thomas , Vieira Thais Dutra , Martinel Vincent , Bérard Emilie , Cavaignac Etienne 
Published: May 2023

Background: The semitendinosus (ST) tendon can be used by itself as a graft for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. An increasing number of these procedures are being done while preserving the ST's tibial attachment, but there are no data on the remodeling of an attached ST (aST) graft. Purpose: To compare graft remodeling on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans at 1 year after ACL reconstruction between standard free ST graft and aST graft. Study design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: This prospective study enrolled 180 patients who were undergoing ACL reconstruction: 90 with the ST graft and 90 with the aST graft. The analysis was performed 1 year after the surgery. The main endpoint was the signal-to-noise quotient (SNQ) on MRI scans (T1-weighted sequence). The secondary endpoints were tibial tunnel widening (TTW), graft maturation (Howell classification), retear rate, new surgery rate, Simple Knee Value, Lysholm score, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, postoperative Tegner score, difference between pre- and postoperative Tegner scores, ACL–Return to Sport after Injury (ACL-RSI), return-to-sports rate, and time to return to sports. Results: The mean adjusted SNQ was 1.18 (95% CI, 0.72-1.65) in the aST group and 3.88 (95% CI, 3.42-4.34) in the ST group ( P < .001). The new surgery rate was 2.2% in the aST group and 10% in the ST group ( P = .029). The median Lysholm score was significantly higher in the aST group (99; interquartile range [IQR], 95-100) than in the ST group (95; IQR, 91-99) ( P = .004). The mean time to return to sports was significantly shorter in the aST group (248.73 ± 141.62 days) than the ST group (317.23 ± 144.69 days) ( P = .002). No statistically significant difference was found between groups in the TTW ( P = .503), Howell graft maturity grade ( P = .149), retear rate ( P > .999), Simple Knee Value ( P = .061), postoperative Tegner score ( P = .320), pre- to postoperative difference in Tegner score ( P = .317), ACL-RSI ( P = .097), IKDC score ( P = .621), and return-to-sports rate ( P > .999). Conclusion: At 1 year postoperatively, remodeling of an ST graft assessed using MRI is better when its distal attachment is left intact.
An Observational Study on the Intraoperative Awareness Following General Anesthetic Drugs
Authors: Priyadharsini K. Soundarya , Haldar Nikita , Prasad T. Krishna , Ramanna Mali Kalpana , Annamalai Maduram 
Published: May 2023

Objective To determine intraoperative awareness and estimate the factors associated with intraoperative awareness. Methods An observational cross-sectional study was carried out after approval from the institutional ethical committee. The duration of the study is 2 months. After completion of the surgical procedure, anesthesia was reversed, and there was an adequate return of consciousness. The patients were interviewed about their surgery using the modified form of the Brice questionnaire. After the questionnaire was completed, it was analyzed, and patients were categorized into either having definite awareness, possible awareness, or no awareness. Results It was observed that out of 90 patients operated on under general anesthesia, eight reported having remembered something under general anesthesia. Out of eight patients, two were found to have definite awareness, and the occurrence of definite awareness was calculated to be 2.22%. Six patients were categorized under possible awareness, and the occurrence of possible awareness was estimated to be 6.6% in our study. Conclusion The occurrence of intraoperative awareness was estimated to be 8.8%, including definite and possible awareness under general anesthesia. Finally, we conclude that intraoperative awareness might be due to the inadequate depth of general anesthesia given to the patients. The dose of general anesthetic drugs was not maintained based on its minimum alveolar concentration (MAC).
Stem Cell-Based Tissue Engineering for Cleft Defects: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Natsir Kalla Diandra S. , Alkaabi Salem A. , Hendra Faqi N. , Nasrun Nisrina E. , Ruslin Muhammad , Forouzanfar Tymour , Helder Marco N. 
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of stem cell-based tissue engineering for the treatment of alveolar cleft (AC) and cleft palate (CP) defects in animal models. Systematic review and meta-analysis. Preclinical studies on alveolar cleft repair in maxillofacial practice. Electronic search was performed using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Pre-clinical studies, where stem cell-based tissue engineering was used in the reconstruction of AC and CP in animal models were included. Quality of the selected articles was evaluated using SYRCLE (SYstematic Review Centre for Laboratory animal Experimentation). Review of alveolar cleft bone augmentation interventions in preclinical models. Outcome parameters registered were new bone formation (NBF) and/or bone mineral density (BMD). Thirteen large and twelve small animal studies on AC (21) and CP (4) reconstructions were included. Studies had an unclear-to-high risk of bias. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were the most widely used cell source. Meta-analyses for AC indicated non-significant benefits in favor of: (1) scaffold + cells over scaffold-only (NBF P = .13); and (2) scaffold + cells over empty control (NBF P = .66; BMD P = .31). Interestingly, dog studies using regenerative grafts showed similar to superior bone formation compared to autografts. Meta analysis for the CP group was not possible. AC and CP reconstructions are enhanced by addition of osteogenic cells to biomaterials. Directions and estimates of treatment effect are useful to predict therapeutic efficacy and guide future clinical trials of bone tissue engineering.
Self-Transcendence as a Mediator of the Relationship Between Reminiscence Functions and Death Anxiety: Implications for Psychiatric Nurses
Authors: Abu Khait Abdallah , Menger Austin , Al-Modallal Hanan , Abdalrahim Asem , Moldovan Theodora , Hamaideh Shaher H. 
Published: May 2023

Background: Jordan’s population of older adults is growing due to improved health care and lifestyle, but the country has limited mental health care resources, causing challenges for the health care system. Reminiscence is a point of nursing intervention and a way for psychiatric nurses to help people improve their mental health by expanding their personal boundaries (self-transcendence). Aims: The study aimed to examine the mediating effects of self-transcendence on the relationship between reminiscence functions and death anxiety in a sample of Jordanian older adults. Psychiatric nurses can refine reminiscence therapy by targeting aspects of self-transcendence to reduce death anxiety. Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was employed to collect the data. A total of 319 older adults participated in the study. The sample was recruited using convenience and snowball sampling strategies through social media and personal contacts. Results: The reminiscence function of “Bitterness Revival,” gender, the presence of a life-threatening disease, a history of psychiatric disorder, and the work sector were statistically significant predictors of death anxiety. This model accounts for 24% of the death anxiety score ( F = 7.789, p < .001). Reminiscence functions 1, 2, and 5 predicted self-transcendence. This model explained 25% of the variance in the self-transcendence score ( F = 6.548, p < .001). Self-transcendence exerts a positive, partial mediating effect between “Bitterness Revival” and death anxiety, controlling for other covariates in the death anxiety model ( p = .016). Conclusions: The study is informative for understanding the role of self-transcendence in buffering death anxiety, notwithstanding “Bitterness Revival” reminiscences. This knowledge reveals practical implications for psychiatric nurses about the importance of developing reminiscence interventions to promote self-transcendence and ease death anxiety.
Phillyrin Ameliorates Oxidative Stress in D-Galactose-Induced Senescence in the Brain of Mice by Regulating the Nrf2/ HO-1 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Li Xuemin , Wang Ling , Li Chenyang , Tian Ruotao , Bai Yongfei , Zhang Xiaohong , Li Shuqin 
Published: May 2023

Objective To investigate the effects of phillyrin on D-galactose (D-gal)-induced aging in the brain of mice and mechanism. Methods Institute of Cancer Research mice were intraperitoneally injected with D-gal 150 mg/kg to induce the aging model, and the mice were treated with phillyrin 5, 15, and 45 mg/kg once a day for 8 weeks. Results The memory impairment induced by D-gal in brain aging was ameliorated by phillyrin treatment, and the oxidative stress in the aging brain and serum was inhibited, as evidenced by increased superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase enzyme activities, and decreased malondialdehyde levels. Additionally, the hippocampus damage has also been well improved by phillyrin. Moreover, the protein expressions of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) were markedly up-regulated and the expression of Keap-1 was down-regulated in the phillyrin group than that in the aging model group. Conclusion These findings suggest that phillyrin is effective in the prevention of age-related memory impairment, and the attenuation oxidative stress by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in the hippocampus may be one of the mechanisms.
Mid-term clinical and radiographic outcomes after primary total hip replacement with fully hydroxyapatite-coated stem: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Studers Pēteris , Jakovicka Dārta , Solska Jana , Bladiko Una , Radziņa Maija 
Published: May 2023

Background The number of total hip arthroplasties increases every year as the population ages. The purpose of the study was to evaluate mid-term clinical and radiological results for a minimum of two years and the survival rate at the 5-year follow-up period using a fully hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated stem. Methods A single-center retrospective observational study was conducted, in which 121 primary total hip arthroplasties (THA) were performed between 2013 and 2015 using a standard offset Corail fully HA-coated stem. The study included 108 patients, with a median age among all patients of 55.00 years (range 18.0–79.0 years). The median follow-up time was 4 years and 9 months. Results Stem survival for any reason was 98.4% at 5 years. The mean Harris Hip Score and Engh Grading Scale before surgery and at the follow-up visit show statistically significant improvement, accordingly (44.70 vs 98.13; p < 0.001) and (17.42 vs 19.68; p < 0.01). There is no statistically significant correlation between radiological and clinical results and no correlation between follow-up time and results. Conclusions A completely coated hydroxyapatite standard offset Corail stem shows an excellent survival rate for a 5-year follow-up. Although the radiological results are not perfect, the clinical evaluation shows that the patients are satisfied and are not limited in their daily activities as before the surgery.
Cross-cultural Validation of the Norwegian Version of the Banff Patellofemoral Instability Instrument 2.0
Authors: Hysing-Dahl Trine , Magnussen Liv Heide , Faleide Anne Gro Heyn , Kjellsen Asle Birkeland , Mo Ingunn Fleten , Waaler Per Arne Skarstein , Mundal Renate , Inderhaug Eivind 
Published: May 2023

Background: The Banff Patellofemoral Instability Instrument (BPII) 2.0 is a disease-specific quality of life questionnaire for patients with patellofemoral instability. While good psychometric properties have been demonstrated, the data lack cross-cultural validity, construct validity, and an established measurement error. Purpose: To (1) translate and cross-culturally adapt the BPII 2.0 to the Norwegian version (BPII 2.0–No) and (2) examine the psychometric properties of the Norwegian version. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3. Methods: The BPII 2.0 was translated according to international guidelines. A cohort of 100 patients surgically treated for recurrent patellofemoral instability completed the BPII 2.0–No, related outcome measures (Norwich Patellar Instability Score, International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form 2000, Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, and Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia), and functional tests (Y-Balance Test–Lower Quarter, single-leg hop tests, and knee extension strength) before and/or 6 months after surgery. We evaluated the face and content validity, internal consistency (Cronbach α), test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]), measurement error (SEM and smallest detectable change at the individual [SDCind] and group levels [SDCgroup]). Construct validity was assessed by testing 9 hypotheses on the correlation between the BPII 2.0–No and the outcome measures/functional tests (Pearson r). Results: The BPII 2.0–No had good face and content validity. Internal consistency was excellent (α = .95), and no floor or ceiling effects were found. Test-retest reliability was high (ICC2,1 = 0.87; 95% CI, 0.77-0.93), and measurement error was low (SEM = 7.1). The SDCind was 19.7 points and the SDCgroup was 2.8 points. Eight of the 9 hypotheses regarding construct validity were confirmed. Conclusion: The BPII 2.0–No was found to be valid and reliable. This study adds further knowledge on the measurement properties of the BPII 2.0 that can be used internationally.