bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intersecting capitals: Economically and racially minoritized Black and Latino/a students navigating independent high schools and selective postsecondary institutions
Authors: Weis Lois , Cipollone Kristin , Dominguez Rachel 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe explore how Black and Latino/a students from economically marginalized communities drew upon dominant capitals accrued by virtue of attendance at elite secondary schools in conjunction with non‐dominant family and community capitals to chart their postsecondary lives through college and beyond. In so doing, we point to affordances offered by the authors’ longitudinal qualitative research investigation, as we work to understand individual and collective class and race positioning practices and outcomes post high school.
Complexity analysis from EEG data in congestive heart failure: A study via approximate entropy
Authors: Cacciotti Alessia , Pappalettera Chiara , Miraglia Francesca , Valeriani Lavinia , Judica Elda , Rossini Paolo Maria , Vecchio Fabrizio 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimCongestive heart failure (CHF) is a very complex clinical syndrome that may lead to ischemic cerebral hypoxia condition. The aim of the present study is to analyze the effects of CHF on brain activity through electroencephalographic (EEG) complexity measures, like approximate entropy (ApEn).MethodsTwenty patients with CHF and 18 healthy elderly people were recruited. ApEn values were evaluated in the total spectrum (0.2–47 Hz) and main EEG frequency bands: delta (2–4 Hz), theta (4–8 Hz), alpha 1 (8–11 Hz), alpha 2 (11–13 Hz), beta 1 (13–20 Hz), beta 2 (20–30 Hz), and gamma (30–45 Hz) to identify differences between CHF group and control. Moreover, a correlation analysis was performed between ApEn parameters and clinical data (i.e., B‐type natriuretic peptides (BNP), New York Heart Association (NYHA), and systolic blood pressure (SBP)) within the CHF group.ResultsStatistical topographic maps showed statistically significant differences between the two groups in the total spectrum and theta frequency band. Within the CHF group, significant negative correlations were found between total ApEn and BNP in O2 channel and between theta ApEn and NYHA scores in Fp1, Fp2, and Fz channels; instead, a significant positive correlation was found between theta ApEn and SBP in C3 channel and a nearly significant positive correlation was obtained between theta ApEn and SBP in F4 channel.ConclusionEEG abnormalities in CHF are very similar to those observed in cognitive‐impaired patients, suggesting analogies between the effects of neurodegeneration and brain chronic hypovolaemia due to heart disorder and underlying high brain sensitivity to CHF.
Alone but together: Cloud‐based commensality benefits physical and mental health
Authors: Wang Chujun , Wan Xiaoang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCloud‐based commensality refers to an eating scenario in which people are eating and videoconferencing with remote co‐diners. We report two experiments designed to investigate whether cloud‐based commensality can exert a positive effect on individuals' physical and mental health. In Experiment 1, the participants were asked to rate their expectations concerning their feelings when eating in the context of cloud‐based commensality or solitary eating and to make food choices in each eating scenario. In Experiment 2, romantic couples were recruited to have meals in different eating scenarios in the laboratory and were asked to rate their emotions and close relationships. The results of the two experiments revealed that when engaging in cloud‐based commensality, participants reduced their intake of meat dishes but did not increase their choices of meat dishes compared to solitary eating. Moreover, the results suggest that cloud‐based commensality can alleviate negative feelings and promote positive emotions during periods of quarantine or non‐quarantine and enhance close relationships for romantic couples. These findings demonstrate that cloud‐based commensality is beneficial for individuals' physical and mental health and provide practical implications for utilizing social eating to promote healthy eating.
Egg morphology and mating behaviour of Dryops rufipes (Krynicki, 1832) (Coleoptera: Dryopidae) newly recorded from the Central Anatolian Region of Turkey
Authors: Özdamar Hakan , Özyurt Koçakoğlu Nurcan , Candan Selami 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA group of aquatic Coleoptera specimens was collected from Güvenç Village in the Kahramankazan region of Ankara. Among these specimens was Dryops rufipes (Krynicki, 1832) (Coleoptera: Dryopidae), which is recorded from the Middle Anatolian Region of Turkey for the first time. The egg morphology of D. rufipes is described based on light and scanning electron microscope micrographs. Copulation and oviposition are described.
Antiseizure medication use during pregnancy and neonatal growth outcomes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Lavu Alekhya , Vaccaro Christine , Zusman Enav , Aboulatta Laila , Aloud Basma , Alessi‐Severini Silvia , Haidar Lara , Peymani Payam , Ng Marcus C. , Ruth Chelsea , Falk Jamison , Desrochers Brianne , Valencia Eunice , Shouman Walid , Rabbani Rasheda , Eltonsy Sherif 
Published: April 2023

AimsWe aimed to systematically synthesize the current published literature on neonatal growth outcomes associated with antiseizure medication (ASM) use during pregnancy.MethodsWe searched seven databases, from inception to 23 March 2022. We investigated small for gestational age (SGA) and low birth weight (LBW) as primary outcomes and birth weight, birth height, cephalization index and head circumference as secondary outcomes. The primary analysis included pregnant people exposed to any ASM compared with unexposed pregnant people. Subgroup analysis included ASM class analysis, within epilepsy group analysis and polytherapy compared to monotherapy.ResultsWe screened 15 720 citations and included 65 studies in the review. Exposed pregnant people had a significantly increased risk of SGA relative risk (RR) 1.33 (95% CI 1.18 to 1.50, I2 74%), LBW RR 1.54 (95% CI 1.33 to 1.77, I2 67%), and decreased birth weight with a mean difference (MD) of −118.87 (95% CI −161.03 to −76.71, I2 42%) g. A non‐significant risk change in birth height and head circumference was observed. In subgroup analysis, ASM polytherapy, within epilepsy and ASM class analysis were also associated with an increased risk of SGA and LBW.ConclusionsThis meta‐analysis demonstrates that pregnant people exposed to ASMs have a significantly increased risk of adverse fetal growth outcomes including SGA and LBW and decreased birth weight compared to unexposed pregnant people. Polytherapy was associated with higher risks compared to monotherapy. Additional studies are warranted on specific ASM risks.
Predictors of older patients' willingness to have medications deprescribed: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Pereira Anabela , Ribeiro Oscar , Veríssimo Manuel 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundDeprescribing is a complex process requiring a patient‐centred approach. One frequently expressed deprescribing barrier is patients' attitudes and beliefs towards deprescribing. This study aimed to identify the predictors of patients' willingness to have medications deprescribed.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted with community‐dwelling patients aged ≥65 who are taking at least one regular medication. Data collection included patients' demographic and clinical characteristics and the Portuguese revised Patients' Attitudes Towards Deprescribing (rPATD) questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to present the patients' characteristics. Multiple binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the predictors of the patients' willingness to have medications deprescribed.ResultsOne hundred ninety‐two participants (median age 72 years; 65.6% female) were included. Most (83.33%) were willing to have medications deprescribed, and the predictors were age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.136; 95% CI 1.026, 1.258), female sex (aOR = 3.036; 95% CI 1.059, 8.708) and the rPATD concerns about stopping factor (aOR = 0.391; 95% CI 0.203, 0.754).ConclusionsMost patients were willing to have their medications deprescribed if it is recommended by their doctors. Older age and female sex increased the odds of willingness to deprescribe; higher concerns about stopping medications decreased the odds. These findings suggest that addressing patients' concerns about stopping their medicines may contribute to deprescribing success.
Generalized trust and military attitudes in Russia: The role of national and global human identification
Authors: Gulevich Olga A. , Osin Evgeny N. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGeneralized trust is an optimistic view of human nature that influences people's attitudes and behaviour. Most studies focus on the positive effects of generalized trust. However, there is evidence suggesting that generalized trust may be associated with both positive and negative outcomes. In the present study, we focus on the ambivalent associations of generalized trust with the Russians' attitudes towards the Russian invasion in Ukraine. We used cross‐sectional design in three online samples of Russian residents (N = 799, 745 and 742) collected in March, May and July 2022. The participants were anonymous volunteers who completed measures of generalized trust, national identity, global human identity and military attitudes. The study has shown that generalized trust was a positive predictor of both national identity and global human identity. National identity, however, predicted positive attitudes towards the invasion and the use of nuclear weapons, whereas global human identity was a negative predictor of those outcomes. Mediation analysis revealed that the indirect effects of generalized trust mediated by the two types of identification had an inverse direction. We interpret the results with reference to the differences in the content of national identity and global human identity.
Programmed ageing: decline of stem cell renewal, immunosenescence, and Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Lathe Richard , St. Clair David 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTThe characteristic maximum lifespan varies enormously across animal species from a few hours to hundreds of years. This argues that maximum lifespan, and the ageing process that itself dictates lifespan, are to a large extent genetically determined. Although controversial, this is supported by firm evidence that semelparous species display evolutionarily programmed ageing in response to reproductive and environmental cues. Parabiosis experiments reveal that ageing is orchestrated systemically through the circulation, accompanied by programmed changes in hormone levels across a lifetime. This implies that, like the circadian and circannual clocks, there is a master ‘clock of age’ (circavital clock) located in the limbic brain of mammals that modulates systemic changes in growth factor and hormone secretion over the lifespan, as well as systemic alterations in gene expression as revealed by genomic methylation analysis. Studies on accelerated ageing in mice, as well as human longevity genes, converge on evolutionarily conserved fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and their receptors, including KLOTHO, as well as insulin‐like growth factors (IGFs) and steroid hormones, as key players mediating the systemic effects of ageing. Age‐related changes in these and multiple other factors are inferred to cause a progressive decline in tissue maintenance through failure of stem cell replenishment. This most severely affects the immune system, which requires constant renewal from bone marrow stem cells. Age‐related immune decline increases risk of infection whereas lifespan can be extended in germfree animals. This and other evidence suggests that infection is the major cause of death in higher organisms. Immune decline is also associated with age‐related diseases. Taking the example of Alzheimer's disease (AD), we assess the evidence that AD is caused by immunosenescence and infection. The signature protein of AD brain, Aβ, is now known to be an antimicrobial peptide, and Aβ deposits in AD brain may be a response to infection rather than a cause of disease. Because some cognitively normal elderly individuals show extensive neuropathology, we argue that the location of the pathology is crucial – specifically, lesions to limbic brain are likely to accentuate immunosenescence, and could thus underlie a vicious cycle of accelerated immune decline and microbial proliferation that culminates in AD. This general model may extend to other age‐related diseases, and we propose a general paradigm of organismal senescence in which declining stem cell proliferation leads to programmed immunosenescence and mortality.
The histone demethylase Utx controls CD8+ T‐cell‐dependent antitumor immunity via epigenetic regulation of the effector function
Authors: Noda Haruna , Suzuki Junpei , Matsuoka Yuko , Matsumoto Akira , Kuwahara Makoto , Kamei Yoshiaki , Takada Yasutsugu , Yamashita Masakatsu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCD8+ T cells play a central role in antitumor immune responses. Epigenetic gene regulation is essential to acquire the effector function of CD8+ T cells. However, the role of Utx, a demethylase of histone H3K27, in antitumor immunity remains unclear. In this study, we examined the roles of Utx in effector CD8+ T‐cell differentiation and the antitumor immune response. In a murine tumor‐bearing model, an increased tumor size and decreased survival rate were observed in T‐cell‐specific Utx KO (Utx KO) mice compared with wild‐type (WT) mice. The number of CD8+ T cells in tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) was significantly decreased in Utx KO mice. We found that the acquisition of effector function was delayed and attenuated in Utx KO CD8+ T cells. RNA sequencing revealed that the expression of effector signature genes was decreased in Utx KO effector CD8+ T cells, while the expression of naïve or memory signature genes was increased. Furthermore, the expression of Cxcr3, which is required for the migration of effector CD8+ T cells to tumor sites, was substantially decreased in Utx KO CD8+ T cells. These findings suggest that Utx promotes CD8+ T‐cell‐dependent antitumor immune responses partially through epigenetic regulation of the effector function.
Frequency of superscan on bone scintigraphy: A systematic review
Authors: Kovacsne Adrienn , Kozon Isabella , Bentestuen Morten , Zacho Helle D. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionBone scintigraphy (BS) is an important tool for detecting bone metastasis. BS with diffuse increased skeletal radioisotope uptake with absent or faint urinary tract and soft tissue activity is defined as a superscan. In this review, we investigate the different etiologies causing superscan and the reported frequency of superscan among different disease entities.Materials and MethodsThe search terms were ‘bone’ AND ‘superscan’ OR ‘superscan’ in the PubMed database from 1980 to November 2020. Eligibility criteria included the following: Peer‐reviewed studies containing original data using 99mTc‐phosphate‐analogue BS reporting a superscan pattern. Unretrievable papers, imaging modalities other than BS or with insufficient information to assess the aetiology were excluded. The abstracts of every paper and full texts of potentially eligible papers were assessed independently by three observers.ResultsSixty‐seven papers were included (48 case reports and 19 cohort studies). Studies conducted in patients with osteomalacia or skeletal fluorosis revealed superscan in all patients. Other benign causes of superscan were hyperparathyroidism and kidney disease. Among papers with malignant cause, prostate cancer was the most common cause, followed by gastric cancer. The frequency of superscans ranged from 1.3% in a cohort of mixed cancer types up to 2.6% in patients with gastric cancer and up to 23% in a cohort of prostate cancer patients.ConclusionSuperscan is most frequently seen in prostate cancer, but numerous other cancers and metabolic bone diseases can cause superscan, which should be kept in mind when encountering an unexpected superscan on BS.
Autoimmune bullous dermatoses
Authors: Holtsche Maike M. , Boch Katharina , Schmidt Enno 
Published: April 2023

SummaryAutoimmune bullous dermatoses (AIBD) are a heterogeneous group of about a dozen diseases characterized clinically by erosions and blisters and immunopathologically by autoantibodies against structural proteins of the skin or transglutaminase 2/3. The diagnosis of AIBD has made tremendous progress in the last decade due to the availability of standardized serological assays that, knowing the clinical picture, allow the diagnosis in the vast majority of patients. The development of various in vitro and in vivo models of the most common AIBD, namely, bullous pemphigoid, pemphigus vulgaris, mucous membrane pemphigoid, and the rare epidermolysis bullosa acquisita, allows identification of key molecules and inflammatory pathways as well as preclinical evaluation of the effect of new anti‐inflammatory agents. The approval of rituximab for moderate and severe pemphigus vulgaris and the development of national and international guidelines for the most common AIBD have considerably advanced the care of these patients. Nevertheless, the limited therapeutic armamentarium is the main challenge for the management of AIBD. Several phase II and III randomized controlled clinical trials provide hope for new, effective, and safe therapeutic options in the coming years. This review summarizes the epidemiology, clinic, diagnosis, pathophysiology, and therapy of AIBD and gives an outlook on both current diagnostic and therapeutic needs as well as future developments.
Melanom
Authors: Ugurel Selma , Gutzmer Ralf 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Melanom ist ein hoch aggressiver Hauttumor mit dem Beinamen „schwarzer Hautkrebs“, da er von den pigmentbildenden Zellen (Melanozyten) ausgeht. Die Tumoren neigen zu invasivem Wachstum und früher lymphogener und hämatogener Metastasierung. Bekannte Risikofaktoren sind UV‐Strahlung, ein heller Hauttyp, das Vorhandensein multipler atypischer Nävi sowie eine positive Familienanamnese. Entscheidend für den Krankheitsverlauf sind eine leitliniengerechte Diagnostik und Therapie. Neben der vollständigen Exzision des Primärtumors mit adäquatem Sicherheitsabstand stehen verschiedene Systemtherapien zur Verfügung. Dies sind insbesondere die gegen BRAF zielgerichtete Therapie sowie die PD‐1‐basierte Immuncheckpoint‐Therapie. Das vorliegende Mini‐Review erhebt keinen Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit, sondern soll vorrangig diejenigen Aspekte der Erkrankung berücksichtigen, die derzeit im klinischen und wissenschaftlichen Fokus stehen und zu denen es neue Entwicklungen zu berichten gibt. Insbesondere gibt es neue Therapieschemata bei inoperablen Melanomen und Studien zu adjuvanten Behandlungen, aber auch Entwicklungen zur Diagnostik.
New insights into RAGE/Diaph1 interaction as a modulator of actin cytoskeleton dynamics in peripheral nervous system in long‐term hyperglycaemia
Authors: Zglejc‐Waszak Kamila , Pomianowski Andrzej , Wojtkiewicz Joanna , Banach Marta , Juranek Judyta K. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis review focuses on receptor for advanced glycation endproducts/diaphonous related formin 1 (RAGE/Diaph1) interaction as a modulator of actin cytoskeleton dynamics in peripheral nervous system (PNS) in diabetes. Deciphering the complex molecular interactions between RAGE and Diaph1 is crucial in expanding our understanding of diabetic length dependent neuropathy (DLDN). DLDN is a common neurological disorder in patients with diabetes. It is well known that actin cytoskeletal homeostasis is disturbed during DLDN. Thus, we review the current status of knowledge about RAGE/Diaph1 impact on actin cytoskeletal malfunctions in PNS and DLDN progression in diabetes. We also survey studies about small molecules that may block RAGE/Diaph1 axis and thus inhibit the progression of DLDN. Finally, we explore examples of cytoskeletal long‐non coding RNAs (lncRNAs) currently unrelated to DLDN, to discuss their potential role in this disease. Most recent studies indicated that lncRNAs have a great potential in many research areas, including RAGE/Diaph1 axis as well as DLDN. Altogether, this review is aimed at giving us an insight into the involvement of cytoskeletal lncRNAs in DLDN.
Trends in Chinook salmon spawner abundance and total run size highlight linkages between life history, geography and decline
Authors: Atlas William I. , Sloat Matthew R. , Satterthwaite William H. , Buehrens Thomas W. , Parken Charles K. , Moore Jonathan W. , Mantua Nathan J. , Hart Jon , Potapova Anna 
Published: April 2023

AbstractChinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, Salmonidae) are foundational to social‐ecological systems of the Northeast Pacific Rim and exhibit a rich diversity of life histories including in their adult migration timing, age at critical life‐history transitions and marine feeding distributions. In recent decades Chinook have experienced declines across much of their native range; however, changes in productivity and abundance have rarely been evaluated in relation to life‐history variation. To understand trends in Chinook salmon production, and how they are related to life history, we compiled time series data from the Fraser River to the Sacramento River on total run size (pre‐fishery abundance) and escapement (post‐fishery spawner abundance) and fit time series models to estimate trends across this bioregion. Our analysis revealed that most Chinook populations are declining, with negative trends in escapement (57 of 79) and total run (16 of 23) size. Trends were most acutely negative for interior spring Chinook in the Fraser, Columbia and Snake Rivers and most populations in California. Summer and fall Chinook had mixed trends, with several summer and fall upriver bright populations in the interior Columbia and Fraser exhibiting increases in abundance from the 1990s to 2019. Our research reveals widespread declines of this important species, but local complexity in trends that are mediated by population‐level life history, migratory behaviours and watershed‐scale restoration actions. Understanding linkages between life histories and resilience should inform rebuilding efforts for Chinook salmon and highlight the need to conserve intraspecific biodiversity.
Middle childhood attachment‐based family therapy: Theory and model description
Authors: Van Vlierberghe Leen , Diamond Guy , Bosmans Guy 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn middle childhood, the first manifestations of mental health problems can emerge and become a precursor of mental health issues in adolescence. Given that weak parent–child attachment can contribute to this distress, it is possible that strengthening the attachment bond could reduce risk trajectory. Unfortunately, evidence‐based attachment‐focused interventions are lacking at this age. Attachment‐based family therapy (ABFT) is a well‐studied intervention for troubled adolescents and has the potential to be extended downward to children. However, ABFT for adolescents focuses on mentalization and trauma conversation strategies that may be developmentally advanced for children's capacities. Therefore, we modified the intervention strategies to be more developmentally sensitive to childhood. Middle childhood ABFT (MCABFT) builds on the theory that insecure attachment develops through a learning process that can be interrupted and reorganized to promote secure attachment development. MCABFT uses less conversation and more play and puts parents more at the center of the therapy compared with ABFT for adolescents. In this article, we describe MCABFT's theoretical and clinical model.