bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geological and energy potential analysis of Küplüce-Gökçesu basin rich in coal and other potential energy resources
Authors: Şentürk Murat 
Published: July 2023

The Küplüce-Gökçesu Basin, located in northwestern Anatolia, is an Eocene-aged shallow marine basin known for its rich carbonaceous sediments. The basin is underlined by Paleozoic metamorphic rocks, granites from the Sakarya Massif, and Jurassic-Upper Cretaceous turbiditic and carbonate rocks. The sedimentary deposits in the basin consist of two main lithological units, namely, the Tokmaklar and Sazlar Formations. The Tokmaklar Formation comprises marl, bituminous marl, clayey bituminous limestone, Nummulite limestone, and marl-clay-sandstone successions. Economic coal formations are found at the base of the Tokmaklar Formation, along with bituminous limestone and marl. The Sazlar Formation is composed of thick layered sandy limestones and marls, deposited in reefal conditions. Previous studies conducted in the 1980 s estimated the coal reserves in the Küplüce-Gökçesu Basin to be around 40 million tons. However, this study reveals the discovery of a new coal seam that was not previously identified, with a potential thickness of approximately 11 m. This discovery suggests that the coal reserves in the region could be significantly larger than previously known, potentially 5-6 times greater. The quality of the Küplüce-Gökçesu coals is classified as semi-bituminous hard coal of the lower bituminous coal group, based on chemical analysis results. This study contributes to the understanding of the geology and coal potential of Eocene basins in Anatolia and provides valuable information for future exploration and exploitation activities.
Indoor CO2 monitoring in a surgical intensive care unit under visitation restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Chou Ying-An , Wang Zheng-Yao , Chang Hsiang-Ching , Liu Yi-Chia , Su Pei-Fang , Huang Yen Ta , Yang Chao-Tung , Lai Chao-Han 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundIndoor CO2 concentration is an important metric of indoor air quality (IAQ). The dynamic temporal pattern of CO2 levels in intensive care units (ICUs), where healthcare providers experience high cognitive load and occupant numbers are frequently changing, has not been comprehensively characterized.ObjectiveWe attempted to describe the dynamic change in CO2 levels in the ICU using an Internet of Things-based (IoT-based) monitoring system. Specifically, given that the COVID-19 pandemic makes hospital visitation restrictions necessary worldwide, this study aimed to appraise the impact of visitation restrictions on CO2 levels in the ICU.MethodsSince February 2020, an IoT-based intelligent indoor environment monitoring system has been implemented in a 24-bed university hospital ICU, which is symmetrically divided into areas A and B. One sensor was placed at the workstation of each area for continuous monitoring. The data of CO2 and other pollutants (e.g., PM2.5) measured under standard and restricted visitation policies during the COVID-19 pandemic were retrieved for analysis. Additionally, the CO2 levels were compared between workdays and non-working days and between areas A and B.ResultsThe median CO2 level (interquartile range [IQR]) was 616 (524–682) ppm, and only 979 (0.34%) data points obtained in area A during standard visitation were ≥ 1,000 ppm. The CO2 concentrations were significantly lower during restricted visitation (median [IQR]: 576 [556–596] ppm) than during standard visitation (628 [602–663] ppm; p &lt; 0.001). The PM2.5 concentrations were significantly lower during restricted visitation (median [IQR]: 1 [0–1] μg/m3) than during standard visitation (2 [1–3] μg/m3; p &lt; 0.001). The daily CO2 and PM2.5 levels were relatively low at night and elevated as the occupant number increased during clinical handover and visitation. The CO2 concentrations were significantly higher in area A (median [IQR]: 681 [653–712] ppm) than in area B (524 [504–547] ppm; p &lt; 0.001). The CO2 concentrations were significantly lower on non-working days (median [IQR]: 606 [587–671] ppm) than on workdays (583 [573–600] ppm; p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionOur study suggests that visitation restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic may affect CO2 levels in the ICU. Implantation of the IoT-based IAQ sensing network system may facilitate the monitoring of indoor CO2 levels.
A clinical analysis of Candida tropicalis bloodstream infections associated with hematological diseases, and antifungal susceptibility: a retrospective survey
Authors: Yang Beibei , Wei Zhenbin , Wu Meiqing , Lai Yongrong , Zhao Weihua 
Published: July 2023

Summary objectiveTo assess the clinical features and outcomes of hematological disease patients with Candida tropicalis bloodstream infections and determine the antifungal susceptibility of C. tropicalis.MethodsThis is a retrospective, single-center, observational study conducted in the Department of Hematology at The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January 2013 to December 2021. A total of 26 hematological disease patients with C. tropicalis bloodstream infections were enrolled, and their clinical features, treatment plans, and prognoses were assessed. Univariate analysis was performed by Kaplan–Meier analysis and multivariate analysis was conducted using a Cox regression model. The antifungal susceptibility of C. tropicalis was determined from patient blood cultures.ResultsThe patients had a mean age of 35 years (range: 10–65 years), 50% were male (13/26) and 88.5% had hematologic malignancies (23/26) while the remaining three patients included two cases of severe aplastic anemia and one case of β-thalassemia. All patients had neutropenia. Seven patients were initially given azole alone (26.9%), five of whom failed treatment and died (71.4%). Fifteen patients were treated with echinocandin (57.7%), three of whom failed treatment and died (20.0%), and eight patients were treated with amphotericin B (30.8%), two of whom failed treatment and died (25.0%). The total and attributable mortality rates were 42.3 and 34.6%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that there are six risk factors for attributable deaths among hematological disease patients with C. tropicalis blood infections. These risk factors included septic shock, Pitt bacteremia scores ≥4, procalcitonin levels ≥10 ng/mL, positive plasma (1,3)- β-D glucan assay, serum albumin levels &lt;30.0 g/L, time from fever to antifungal treatment initiation ≥5 days and time between neutropenia and antifungal treatment ≥10 days. Moreover, skin and mucosal infections and a treatment schedule that included amphotericin B and drug combinations are protective factors for attributable deaths. Multivariate analysis showed that septic shock (p = 0.006) was an independent risk factor for attributable death. All isolates were sensitive to flucytosine and amphotericin B. The intermediate or resistance of C. tropicalis to fluconazole, itraconazole and voriconazole were 41.7, 50, and 41.7%, respectively.ConclusionHematological disease patients with C. tropicalis bloodstream infections had a high mortality rate, and early antifungal therapy significantly reduced mortality. Candida tropicalis was highly resistant to azole drugs and sensitive to flucytosine and amphotericin B. According to our study, the preferred agent is amphotericin B and drug combinations should be considered for severe infections.
Myokines as mediators of exercise-induced cognitive changes in older adults: protocol for a comprehensive living systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Vints Wouter A. J. , Gökçe Evrim , Langeard Antoine , Pavlova Iuliia , Çevik Özge Selin , Ziaaldini Mohammad Mosaferi , Todri Jasemin , Lena Orges , Sakkas Giorgos K. , Jak Suzanne , Zorba (Zormpa) Ioanna , Karatzaferi Christina , Levin Oron , Masiulis Nerijus , Netz Yael 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundThe world’s population is aging, but life expectancy has risen more than healthy life expectancy (HALE). With respect to brain and cognition, the prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders increases with age, affecting health and quality of life, and imposing significant healthcare costs. Although the effects of physical exercise on cognition in advanced age have been widely explored, in-depth fundamental knowledge of the underlying mechanisms of the exercise-induced cognitive improvements is lacking. Recent research suggests that myokines, factors released into the blood circulation by contracting skeletal muscle, may play a role in mediating the beneficial effect of exercise on cognition. Our goal in this ongoing (living) review is to continuously map the rapidly accumulating knowledge on pathways between acute or chronic exercise-induced myokines and cognitive domains enhanced by exercise.MethodRandomized controlled studies will be systematically collected at baseline and every 6 months for at least 5 years. Literature search will be performed online in PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, SportDiscus, LILACS, IBECS, CINAHL, SCOPUS, ICTRP, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Risk of bias will be assessed using the Revised Cochrane Risk of Bias tool (ROB 2). A random effects meta-analysis with mediation analysis using meta-analytic structural equation modeling (MASEM) will be performed. The primary research question is to what extent exercise-induced myokines serve as mediators of cognitive function. Secondarily, the pooled effect size of specific exercise characteristics (e.g., mode of exercise) or specific older adults’ populations (e.g., cognitively impaired) on the relationship between exercise, myokines, and cognition will be assessed. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023416996).DiscussionUnderstanding the triad relationship between exercise, myokines and cognition will expand the knowledge on multiple integrated network systems communicating between skeletal muscles and other organs such as the brain, thus mediating the beneficial effects of exercise on health and performance. It may also have practical implications, e.g., if a certain myokine is found to be a mediator between exercise and cognition, the optimal exercise characteristics for inducing this myokine can be prescribed. The living review is expected to improve our state of knowledge and refine exercise regimes for enhancing cognitive functioning in diverse older adults’ populations.RegistrationSystematic review and meta-analysis protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) on the 24th of April 2023 (registration number CRD42023416996).
Construction and validation of a nomogram of risk factors for new-onset atrial fibrillation in advanced lung cancer patients after non-surgical therapy
Authors: Chen Jindong , Cao Shuhui , Jin Yu , Rong Wenwen , Wang Hao , Xi Siqi , Gan Tian , He Ben , Zhong Hua , Zhao Liang 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveRisk factors of new-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) in advanced lung cancer patients are not well defined. We aim to construct and validate a nomogram model between NOAF and advanced lung cancer.MethodsWe retrospectively enrolled 19484 patients with Stage III-IV lung cancer undergoing first-line antitumor therapy in Shanghai Chest Hospital between January 2016 and December 2020 (15837 in training set, and 3647 in testing set). Patients with pre-existing AF, valvular heart disease, cardiomyopathy were excluded. Logistic regression analysis and propensity score matching (PSM) were performed to identify predictors of NOAF, and nomogram model was constructed and validated.ResultsA total of 1089 patients were included in this study (807 in the training set, and 282 in the testing set). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, c-reactive protein, centric pulmonary carcinoma, and pericardial effusion were independent risk factors, the last two of which were important independent risk factors as confirmed by PSM analysis. Nomogram included independent risk factors of age, c-reactive protein, centric pulmonary carcinoma, and pericardial effusion. The AUC was 0.716 (95% CI 0.661–0.770) and further evaluation of this model showed that the C-index was 0.716, while the bias-corrected C-index after internal validation was 0.748 in the training set. The calibration curves presented good concordance between the predicted and actual outcomes.ConclusionCentric pulmonary carcinoma and pericardial effusion were important independent risk factors for NOAF besides common ones in advanced lung cancer patients. Furthermore, the new nomogram model contributed to the prediction of NOAF.
Diverging prognostic effects of CD155 and CD73 expressions in locally advanced triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Cabioglu Neslihan , Bayram Aysel , Emiroglu Selman , Onder Semen , Karatay Huseyin , Oner Gizem , Tukenmez Mustafa , Muslumanoglu Mahmut , Igci Abdullah , Aydiner Adnan , Saip Pinar , Yavuz Ekrem , Ozmen Vahit 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibition, combined with novel biomarkers, may provide alternative pathways for treating chemotherapy-resistant triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). This study investigates the expression of new immune checkpoint receptors, including CD155 and CD73, which play a role in T and natural killer (NK) cell activities, in patients with residual TNBC after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).MethodsThe expression of biomarkers was immunohistochemically examined by staining archival tissue from surgical specimens (n = 53) using specific monoclonal antibodies for PD-L1, CD155, and CD73.ResultsOf those, 59.2% (29/49) were found to be positive (&gt;1%) for PD-L1 on the tumour and tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), while CD155 (30/53, 56.6%) and CD73 (24/53, 45.3%) were detected on tumours. Tumour expressions of CD155 and CD73 significantly correlated with PD-L1 expression on the tumour (p = 0.004 for CD155, p = 0.001 for CD73). Patients with CD155 positivity ≥10% were more likely to have a poor chemotherapy response, as evidenced by higher MDACC Residual Cancer Burden Index scores and Class II/III than those without CD155 expression (100% vs 82.6%, p = 0.03). At a median follow-up time of 80 months (range, 24–239), patients with high CD73 expression showed improved 10-year disease-free survival (DFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) rates compared to those with low CD73 expression. In contrast, patients with CD155 (≥10%) expression exhibited a decreasing trend in 10-year DFS and DSS compared to cases with lower expression, although statistical significance was not reached. However, patients with coexpression of CD155 (≥10%) and low CD73 were significantly more likely to have decreased 10-year DFS and DSS rates compared to others (p = 0.005).ConclusionThese results demonstrate high expression of CD73 and CD155 in patients with residual tumours following NAC. CD155 expression was associated with a poor response to NAC and poor prognosis in this chemotherapy-resistant TNBC cohort, supporting the use of additional immune checkpoint receptor inhibitor therapy. Interestingly, the interaction between CD155 and CD73 at lower levels resulted in a worse outcome than either marker alone, which calls for further investigation in future studies.
Partial preservation of the normal thyroid gland based on tumor diameter may be possible in small medullary thyroid carcinoma: a two-center 15-year retrospective study
Authors: Fu Guiming , Li Xiaoyi , Guo Fengli , Ruan Xianhui , Zhang Wei , Zhang Weijing , Zhang Yaping , Chen Yibo , Li Chunhua , Chen Jin , Zheng Xiangqian , Wang Zhaohui , Gao Ming 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundAt present, there are some controversies in the formulation of surgical protocol for small medullary thyroid carcinoma(s-MTC). We wanted to explore the feasibility of normal thyroid gland retention in small medullary thyroid carcinoma based on different tumor diameters and its prognostic impact on the tumor.MethodsThe data of patients with stage T1 MTC treated at Tianjin Cancer Hospital and Sichuan Cancer Hospital from 2006 to 2021 were analyzed. The tumor diameters of 0.5 cm and 1.0 cm were used as dividing points. The outcomes were tumor recurrence, metastasis, or patient death. Survival was estimated by the Kapan–Meier curve.ResultsA total of 121 T1 s-MTC patients were included, including 55 with total thyroidectomy (TT) and 66 with subthyroidectomy (Sub-TT). There were eleven cases of tumor recurrence and metastasis, and four patients died. When the tumor diameter was 1.0 cm as the cut-off point, tumor diameter (p = 0.010), TT (p = 0.028), unilateral and bilateral type (p = 0.009), and TNM staging (p = 0.007) had significant effects on progression-free survival (PFS). The tumor diameter, unilateral and bilateral type, and TT were risk factors for the prognosis of T1 MTC (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe tumor diameter of 1.0 cm can be used as a cut-off point for stage T1 MTC. Alt-hough there was no significant difference in overall survival (OS) between T1a and T1b in patients, tumor diameter significantly influenced PFS. TT is not necessary for patients with sporadic MTC with T1a.
Development of a novel humanized mouse model to study bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Authors: Birkett Rob , Newar Janu , Sharma Abhineet M. , Lin Erika , Blank Lillian , Swaminathan Suchitra , Misharin Alexander , Mestan Karen K. 
Published: July 2023

RationaleThe role of circulating fetal monocytes in bronchopulmonary dysplasia is not known. We utilized a humanized mouse model that supports human progenitor cell engraftment (MISTRG) to test the hypothesis that prenatal monocyte programming alters early lung development and response to hyperoxia.MethodsCord blood-derived monocytes from 10 human infants were adoptively transferred into newborn MISTRG mice at p0 (1 × 106 cells/mouse, intrahepatic injection) followed by normoxia versus hyperoxia (85% oxygen × 14 days). Lungs were harvested at p14 for alveolar histology (alveolar count, perimeter and area) and vascular parameters (vWF staining for microvessel density, Fulton's index). Human CD45 staining was conducted to compare presence of hematopoietic cells. Murine lung parameters were compared among placebo and monocyte-injected groups. The individual profiles of the 10 patients were further considered, including gestational age (GA; n = 2 term, n = 3 moderate/late preterm, and n = 5 very preterm infants) and preeclampsia (n = 4 patients). To explore the monocyte microenvironment of these patients, 30 cytokines/chemokines were measured in corresponding human plasma by multiplex immunoassay.ResultsAcross the majority of patients and corresponding mice, MISTRG alveolarization was simplified and microvessel density was decreased following hyperoxia. Hyperoxia-induced changes were seen in both placebo (PBS) and monocyte-injected mice. Under normoxic conditions, alveolar development was altered modestly by monocytes as compared with placebo (P &lt; 0.05). Monocyte injection was associated with increased microvessel density at P14 as compared with placebo (26.7 ± 0.73 vs. 18.8 ± 1.7 vessels per lung field; P &lt; 0.001). Pooled analysis of patients revealed that injection of monocytes from births complicated by lower GA and preeclampsia was associated with changes in alveolarization and vascularization under normoxic conditions. These differences were modified by hyperoxia. CD45+ cell count was positively correlated with plasma monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (P &lt; 0.001) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1β (P &lt; 0.01). Immunohistochemical staining for human CD206 and mouse F4/80 confirmed absence of macrophages in MISTRG lungs at P14.ConclusionsDespite the inherent absence of macrophages in early stages of lung development, immunodeficient MISTRG mice revealed changes in alveolar and microvascular development induced by human monocytes. MISTRG mice exposed to neonatal hyperoxia may serve as a novel model to study isolated effects of human monocytes on alveolar and pulmonary vascular development.
Efficacy and safety of bevacizumab in patients with malignant melanoma: a systematic review and PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and non-comparative clinical studies
Authors: Han Xiao , Ge Pu , Liu Siyu , Yang Dandan , Zhang Jinzi , Wang Xinpei , Liang Weiting 
Published: July 2023

Background: Malignant melanoma is a highly aggressive cancer that spreads and metastasizes quickly. In recent years, the antiangiogenic drug bevacizumab has been trialed to treat malignant melanoma. We conducted the first meta-analysis to examine the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab combined with other drugs in malignant melanoma.Methods: We searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-comparative clinical studies of bevacizumab combined with chemotherapy, targeted medicine, and interferon to treat malignant melanoma in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Meta-analysis of RCT was performed using Review Manager (version 5.4), and non-comparative meta-analysis was performed using R (version 4.0.3). The primary outcome was the objective response rate. Depending on the heterogeneity of the included studies, the pooled outcomes and 95% CI were calculated using either random-effects or fixed-effect models. Subgroup outcomes were calculated with possible relevant variables. Sensitivity analyses were carried out by excluding each study from the highly heterogeneous pooled results in turn. Funnel plot and Begg’s test were used to test the included studies' potential publication bias. The level of significance was set at p &lt; 0.05.Results: This meta-analysis included 20 trials: five RCTs and 15 non-comparative clinical studies with a total of 23 bevacizumab intervention arms. In 14 treatment arms, bevacizumab was combined with chemotherapy drugs such as fotemustine, dacarbazine, carboplatin/paclitaxel, and temozolomide. In six treatment arms, bevacizumab was combined with targeted medicines such as imatinib, everolimus, sorafenib, erlotinib, and temsirolimus. There were also six treatment arms that used bevacizumab in combination with interferon. The pooled objective response rate was 15.8% (95% CI, 11.4%–20.2%). Bevacizumab plus carboplatin/paclitaxel significantly increased the overall survival compared to carboplatin/paclitaxel (HR = 0.64, 95% CI, 0.49-0.85, p &lt; 0.01). Fatigue, nausea, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and neutropenia were the most common adverse events. The pooled incidence of hypertension of all bevacizumab arms in malignant melanoma was 32.4% (95% CI, 24.5%–40.3%).Conclusion: This study showed that bevacizumab combined with chemotherapy might be effective and well-tolerated in patients with stage III or IV unresectable malignant melanoma.Systematic Review Registration: [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=304625], identifier [CRD42022304625].
Effect of anlotinib combined with ticeorgio for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a case report
Authors: Mao Jiwei , Ye Wanli , Wu Dongping , Liu Jianjiang , Li Ting , Ma Weili , Zhou Yang 
Published: July 2023

For patients with locally unresectable recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma who relapsed after 2 years of radiotherapy, re-radiotherapy is also the preferred treatment. However, for patients relapsed within 2 years, the use of re-radiotherapy would be greatly limited by its adverse effects. Consequently, finding a new strategy to prolong the time of re-radiotherapy for locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma is very necessary to reduce the related side effects and improve the curative effect. Anlotinib is an orally available small molecule multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor that primarily inhibits VEGFR2/3, FGFR1–4, PDGFR α/β, c-Kit, and Ret. However, whether recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients can be treated with anlotinib combined with ticeorgio (also called S-1) remains unknown. Herein, we report a nasopharyngeal carcinoma patient with local recurrence after radical radiotherapy who benefited from combination treatment of anlotinib with ticeorgio.