bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of laser acupuncture on monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis in adolescent females: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Botla Afaf M. , Mustafa Jehan H. , Abd‐elmonem Amira M. , Sayed Mohamed D. , Shehata Mai M. A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground and aimNocturnal enuresis (NE) is prevalent in children and adolescents and affects their social life later. Therefore, the objective of this study was to ascertain laser acupuncture (LA) therapy's effect on NE in adolescent females.MethodsSixty adolescent females diagnosed with chronic monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE) were randomly divided into two equal groups: The intervention group (received LA and desmopressin) and the control group (received desmopressin only) (n = 30 each). Treatment was delivered and LA was used three times a week for 12 successive weeks. Abdominal ultrasonography and voiding calendar were used to assess bladder capacity and maximum voiding volume (MVV), respectively. The frequency of bed wetness was assessed throughout the trial period in a diary.ResultsStatistically significant differences were reported in the intervention group. Bladder capacity significantly increased in the intervention group (LA and desmopressin) than in the control group.ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest the beneficial influences of LA on MNE, despite the very poor quality of the literature's available evidence.
Acteoside ameliorates learning and memory impairment in APP/PS1 transgenic mice by increasing Aβ degradation and inhibiting tau hyperphosphorylation
Authors: Gao Li , Wang Dongqing , Ren Jia , Tan Xue , Chen Jiayuan , Kong Zheng , Nie Yunan , Yan Ming 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease. Senile plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles are pathological hallmarks of AD. Recent studies have described the improved cognitive and neuroprotective functions of acteoside (AS). This study aimed to investigate whether the improved cognition of AS was mediated by Aβ degradation and tau phosphorylation in APP/PS1 mice. The open field, Y maze, and novel object recognition tests were used to assess cognitive behavioral changes. We evaluated the levels of Aβ40 and Aβ42 in serum, cortex, and hippocampus, and Aβ‐related scavenging enzymes, phosphorylated GSK3β and hyperphosphorylated tau in the cortex and hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice by western blotting. Our results revealed that AS treatment ameliorated anxious behaviors, spatial learning, and memory impairment in APP/PS1 mice and significantly reduced Aβ deposition in their serum, cortex, and hippocampus. AS significantly increased Aβ degradation, inhibited the hyperphosphorylation of tau, and significantly decreased the activity of GSK3β, which is involved in tau phosphorylation. Altogether, these findings indicated that the beneficial effects of AS on AD‐associated anxious behaviors and cognitive impairments could be attributed to promoting Aβ degradation and inhibiting tau hyperphosphorylation, which might be partly mediated by GSK3β.
The role of in situ ocean data assimilation in ECMWF subseasonal forecasts of sea‐surface temperature and mixed‐layer depth over the tropical Pacific ocean
Authors: Wei Ho‐Hsuan , Subramanian Aneesh C. , Karnauskas Kristopher B. , Du Danni , Balmaseda Magdalena A. , Sarojini Beena B. , Vitart Frederic , DeMott Charlotte A. , Mazloff Matthew R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe tropical Pacific plays an important role in modulating the global climate through its prevailing sea‐surface temperature spatial structure and dominant climate modes like El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO), and their teleconnections. These modes of variability, including their oceanic anomalies, are considered to provide sources of prediction skill on subseasonal timescales in the Tropics. Therefore, this study aims to examine how assimilating in situ ocean observations influences the initial ocean sea‐surface temperature (SST) and mixed‐layer depth (MLD) and their subseasonal forecasts. We analyze two subseasonal forecast systems generated with the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Integrated Forecast System (IFS), where the ocean states were initialized using two Observing‐System Experiment (OSE) reanalyses. We find that the SST differences between forecasts with and without ocean data assimilation grow with time, resulting in a reduced cold‐tongue bias when assimilating ocean observations. Two mechanisms related to air–sea coupling are considered to contribute to this growth of SST differences. One is a positive feedback between the zonal SST gradient, pressure gradient, and surface wind. The other is the difference in Ekman suction and mixing at the Equator due to surface wind‐speed differences. While the initial mixed‐layer depth (MLD) can be improved through ocean data assimilation, this improvement is not maintained in the forecasts. Instead, the MLD in both experiments shoals rapidly at the beginning of the forecast. These results emphasize how initialization and model biases influence air–sea interaction and the accuracy of subseasonal forecasts in the tropical Pacific.
Conventional or reverse magnitude effect for negative outcomes: A matter of framing
Authors: Breuer Wolfgang , Soypak Can K. , Steininger Bertram I. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe present and expand existing theories about why individuals may assess positive outcomes differently from negative outcomes in intertemporal choices. All of our theories—based on utility or cost considerations – predict a conventional magnitude effect for positive outcomes, that is, a negative relation between outcome size and subjective discount rates. For negative outcomes, however, implications are different for utility‐ and cost‐based approaches. We argue that the relevance of utility‐based aspects is strengthened in a money frame, leading to a conventional magnitude effect even for negative outcomes, whereas cost‐based considerations gain in importance in an interest rate frame, implying, in contrast, a “reverse” magnitude effect, that is, higher discount rates for (absolutely) higher outcome size. A web‐based experiment with 676 participants confirms our theoretical findings: the conventional magnitude effect prevails for positive outcomes in the money and the interest rate frame and negative outcomes in the money frame. However, there is a reverse magnitude effect for negative outcomes in the interest rate frame. Our results might help to better understand prevailing magnitude effects in practical applications and might also be apt to derive suggestions for better designing of intertemporal decision problems.
Positioning for optimal distinctiveness: How firms manage competitive and institutional pressures under dynamic and complex environment
Authors: Su Jingqin , Gao Xin , Tan Justin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractResearch SummaryHow firms strategically balance legitimacy and distinctiveness has garnered significant attention but reflects inconsistent perspectives. This inconsistency may stem from the inherent complexity of optimal distinctiveness (OD), which are sensitive to both the context and temporality. This article explores dynamic changes in institutional and competitive pressures and how they co‐evolve with different OD strategies. Through an exploratory, multi‐case study, we propose a pressure‐response model to uncover how firms dynamically pursue OD in response to different combinations of pressures. Furthermore, our findings reveal the mechanisms that drive the dynamic interactions between distinctiveness and legitimacy across different OD strategies. In essence, this study contributes to the OD research agenda by providing insights into the evolution of OD strategies, addressing the how and why behind their development.Managerial SummaryCan enterprises effectively balance their needs for legitimacy and distinctiveness by achieving an optimal level of similarity and differentiation from their competitors? This article demonstrates that, in the face of multiple pressures with varying intensities, enterprises continuously adapt their strategic choices to achieve optimal distinctiveness (OD). As institutional and competitive pressures gradually intensify, an enterprise's OD strategies may transition from isomorphic and balancing approaches toward deviation. However, when accumulated inertia hinders the enterprise's ability to respond to emerging pressures, adjustments to the OD strategy may become necessary. Therefore, this study offers entrepreneurs a practical guide on how to dynamically maintain their enterprise's OD by selecting appropriate strategies based on the specific circumstances at hand.
Controllable and Reversible Assembly of Nanofiber from Natural Macromolecules via Protonation and Deprotonation
Authors: Zheng Hongzhi , Tong Xing , Zhang Yuping , Yin Panchao , Yi Jiwang , Chen Zehong , Lai Haihong , zhou Wei , Zhong Linxin , Zhuo Hao , Peng Xinwen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNanofiber is the critical building block for many biological systems to perform various functions. Artificial assembly of molecules into nanofibers in a controllable and reversible manner will create “smart” functions to mimic those of their natural analogues and fabricate new functional materials, but remains an open challenge especially for nature macromolecules. Herein, the controllable and reversible assembly of nanofiber (CSNF) from natural macromolecules with oppositely charged groups are successfully realized by protonation and deprotonation of charged groups. By controlling the electrostatic interaction via protonation and deprotonation, the size and morphology of the assembled nanostructures can be precisely controlled. A strong electrostatic interaction contributes to large nanofiber with high strength, while poor electrostatic interaction produces finer nanofiber or nanoparticle. And especially, the assembly, disassembly, and reassembly of the nanofiber occurs reversibly through protonation and deprotonation, thereby paving a new way for precisely controlling the assembly process and structure of nanofiber. The reversible assembly allows the nanostructure to dynamically reorganize in response to subtle perturbation of environment. The as‐prepared CSNF is mechanical strong and can be used as a nano building block to fabricate high‐strength film, wire, and straw. This study offers many opportunities for the biomimetic synthesis of new functional materials.
Defensive and Ion Conductive Surface Layer Enables High Rate and Durable O3‐type NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2 Sodium‐Ion Battery Cathode
Authors: Dai Liling , Guo Ziyin , Wang Zhao , Xu Shunjie , Wang Shuilong , Li Wenlu , Zhang Guodong , Cheng Ya‐Jun , Xia Yonggao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNa‐based layered transition metal oxides with an O3‐type structure are considered promising cathodes for sodium‐ion batteries. However, rapid capacity fading, and poor rate performance caused by serious structural changes and interfacial degradation hamper their use. In this study, a NaPO3 surface modified O3‐type layered NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode is synthesized, with improved high‐voltage stability through protecting layer against acid attack, which is achieved by a solid‐gas reaction between the cathode particles and gaseous P2O5. The NaPO3 nanolayer on the surface effectively stabilizes the crystal structure by inhibiting surface parasitic reactions and increasing the observed average voltage. Superior cyclic stability is exhibited by the surface‐modified cathode (80.1% vs 63.6%) after 150 cycles at 1 C in the wide voltage range of 2.0 V–4.2 V (vs Na+/Na). Moreover, benefiting from the inherent ionic conduction of NaPO3, the surface‐modified cathode presents excellent rate capability (103 mAh g−1 vs 60 mAh g−1) at 10 C. The outcome of this study demonstrates a practically relevant approach to develop high rate and durable sodium‐ion battery technology.
Coregulation of Li/Li+ Spatial Distribution by Electric Field Gradient with Homogenized Li‐Ion Flux for Dendrite‐Free Li Metal Anodes
Authors: Liao Cenjing , Zou Rujia , Zhu Jinqi , Cui Zhe , Gao Mengluan , Zhang Lingjian , Wang Wenqing , Chen Huifang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLithium (Li) metal batteries are highly sought after for their exceptional energy density. However, their practical implementation is impeded by the formation of dendrites and significant volume fluctuations in Li, which stem from the uneven distribution of Li‐ions and uncontrolled deposition of Li on the current collector. Here, an amino‐functionalized reduced graphene oxide covered with polyacrylonitrile (PrGN) film with an electric field gradient structure is prepared to deal with such difficulties. This novel current collector serves to stabilize Li‐metal anodes by regulating Li‐ion flux through vertically aligned channels formed by porous polyacrylonitrile (PAN). Moreover, the amino‐functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGN) acts as a three‐dimensional (3D) host, reducing nucleation overpotential and accommodating volume expansion during cycling. The combination of the insulating PAN and conducting rGN creates an electric field gradient that promotes a bottom‐up mode of Li electrodeposition and safeguards the anode from interfacial parasitic reactions. Consequently, the electrodes exhibit exceptional cycle life with stable voltage profiles and minimal hysteresis under high current densities and large areal capacities.
“Visualization” Gas—Gas Sensors Based on High Performance Novel MXenes Materials
Authors: Wang Yitong , Wang Yuhua , Kuai Yanbing , Jian Min 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe detection of toxic, harmful, explosive, and volatile gases cannot be separated from gas sensors, and gas sensors are also used to monitor the greenhouse effect and air pollution. However, existing gas sensors remain with many drawbacks, such as lower sensitivity, lower selectivity, and unstable room temperature detection. Thus, there is an imperative need to find more suitable sensing materials. The emergence of a new 2D layered material MXenes has brought dawn to solve this problem. The multiple advantages of MXenes, namely high specific surface area, enriched terminal functionality groups, hydrophilicity, and good electrical conductivity, make them among the most prolific gas‐sensing materials. Therefore, this review paper describes the current main synthesis methods of MXenes materials, and focuses on summarizing and organizing the latest research results of MXenes in gas sensing applications. It also introduces the possible gas sensing mechanisms of MXenes materials on NH3, NO2, CH3, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In conclusion, it provides insight into the problems and upcoming challenges of MXenes materials for gas sensing.
Polymerization Induced Microphase Separation of ABC Triblock Copolymers for 3D Printing Nanostructured Materials
Authors: Shi Xiaobing , Yao Yin , Zhang Jin , Corrigan Nathaniel , Boyer Cyrille 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPolymerization‐induced microphase separation (PIMS) is a versatile technique for producing nanostructured materials. In previous PIMS studies, the predominant approach involved employing homopolymers as macromolecular chain transfer agents (macroCTAs) to mediate the formation of nanostructured materials. In this article, the use of AB diblock copolymers as macroCTAs to design PIMS systems for 3D printing of nanostructured materials is investigated. Specifically, the influence of diblock copolymer composition and block sequence on the resulting nanostructures, and their subsequent impact on bulk properties is systematically investigated. Through careful manipulation of the A/B block ratios, the morphology and size of the nanodomains are successfully controlled. Remarkably, the sequence of A and B blocks significantly affects the microphase separation process, resulting in distinct morphologies. The effect can be attributed to changes in the interaction parameters (χAB, χBC, χAC) between the different block segments. Furthermore, the block sequence and composition exert profound influence on the thermomechanical, tensile, and swelling properties of 3D printed nanostructured materials. By leveraging this knowledge, it becomes possible to design advanced 3D printable materials with tailored properties, opening new avenues for material engineering.
The Developed Wave Cancellation Theory Contributing to Understand Wave Absorption Mechanism of ZIF Derivatives with Controllable Electromagnetic Parameters
Authors: Zhou Yukang , He Peng , Ma Wenjun , Zuo Peiyuan , Xu Jian , Tang Chuanhao , Zhuang Qixin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHow to better understand the influence of electromagnetic parameters on the absorbing properties of electromagnetic wave absorbers (EMAs) is an essential prerequisite for further synthesis and development of high‐performance EMAs. In this work, an improved wave cancellation theory is used as a guiding principle to prepare N‐doped carbon‐coated cobalt nanoparticles (Co@NC) using ZIF‐8@ZIF‐67 as the precursor, thus enabling controllable electromagnetic parameters by regulating the conduction loss and dipole polarization ability. The Co@NC generated by pyrolysis at 700 °C under H2 atmosphere presents an optimized absorption performance. Benefiting from developed wave cancellation theory, the thickness of the film can be accurately adjusted so that the difference between the amplitude of the reflected and transmitted electromagnetic waves is only 0.001 and the phase difference is 180.05°, thus achieving a minimum reflection loss (RLmin(dB)) of −64.0 dB. Meanwhile, a maximum effective absorption bandwidth of 5.4 GHz is achieved simultaneously attributing to its most suitable electromagnetic parameters. Accordingly, the current research based on wave cancellation theory significantly contributes to understand the relationships between electromagnetic parameters and wave absorption properties, therefore providing a theoretical insight into the further development of high‐performance EMAs.
3D Carbon Microspheres with a Maze‐Like Structure and Large Mesopore Tunnels Built From Rapid Aerosol‐Confined Coherent Salt/Surfactant Templating
Authors: Li Cancan , Hu Zeyu , Jiang Guanyun , Zhang Yali , Wu Zhangxiong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHierarchically porous carbons with tailor‐made properties are essential for applications wherein rich active sites and fast mass transfer are required. Herein, a rapid aerosol‐confined salt/surfactant templating approach is proposed for synthesizing hierarchically porous carbon microspheres (HPCMs) with a maze‐like structure and large mesopore tunnels for high‐performance tri‐phase catalytic ozonation. The confined assembly in drying microdroplets is crucial for coherent salt (NaCl) and surfactant (F127) dual templating without macroscopic phase separation. The HPCMs possess tunable sizes, a maze‐like structure with highly open macropores (0.3–30 µm) templated from NaCl crystal arrays, large intrawall mesopore tunnels (10–45 nm) templated from F127, and rich micropores (surface area >1000 m2 g−1) and oxygen heteroatoms originated from NaCl‐confined carbonization of phenolic resin. The structure formation mechanism of the HPCMs and several influencing factors on properties are elaborated. The HPCMs exhibit superior performance in gas–liquid–solid tri‐phase catalytic ozonation for oxalate degradation, owing to their hierarchical pore structure for fast mass transfer and rich defects and oxygen‐containing groups (especially carbonyl) for efficient O3 activation. The reactive oxygen species responsible for oxalate degradation and the influences of several structure parameters on performance are discussed. This work may provide a platform for producing hierarchically porous materials for various applications.
Organosilicon‐Based Carbon Dots and Their Versatile Applications
Authors: Hu Huajiang , Wu Yongzhong , Gong Xiao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCarbon dots (CDs) are a newly discovered type of fluorescent material that has gained significant attention due to their exceptional optical properties, biocompatibility, and other remarkable characteristics. However, single CDs have some drawbacks such as self‐quenching, low quantum yield (QY), and poor stability. To address these issues, researchers have turned to organosilicon, which is known for its green, economical, and abundant properties. Organosilicon is widely used in various fields including optics, electronics, and biology. By utilizing organosilicon as a synthetic precursor, the biocompatibility, QY, and resistance to self‐quenching of CDs can be improved. Meanwhile, the combination of organosilicon with CDs enables the functionalization of CDs, which significantly expands their original application scenarios. This paper comprehensively analyzes organosilicon in two main categories: precursors for CD synthesis and matrix materials for compounding with CDs. The role of organosilicon in these categories is thoroughly reviewed. In addition, the paper presents various applications of organosilicon compounded CDs, including detection and sensing, anti‐counterfeiting, optoelectronic applications, and biological applications. Finally, the paper briefly discusses current development challenges and future directions in the field.
NORA: Scalable OWL reasoner based on NoSQL databases and Apache Spark
Authors: Benítez‐Hidalgo Antonio , Navas‐Delgado Ismael , Roldán‐García María del Mar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractReasoning is the process of inferring new knowledge and identifying inconsistencies within ontologies. Traditional techniques often prove inadequate when reasoning over large Knowledge Bases containing millions or billions of facts. This article introduces NORA, a persistent and scalable OWL reasoner built on top of Apache Spark, designed to address the challenges of reasoning over extensive and complex ontologies. NORA exploits the scalability of NoSQL databases to effectively apply inference rules to Big Data ontologies with large ABoxes. To facilitate scalable reasoning, OWL data, including class and property hierarchies and instances, are materialized in the Apache Cassandra database. Spark programs are then evaluated iteratively, uncovering new implicit knowledge from the dataset and leading to enhanced performance and more efficient reasoning over large‐scale ontologies. NORA has undergone a thorough evaluation with different benchmarking ontologies of varying sizes to assess the scalability of the developed solution.
A description of the palate and mandible of Youngina capensis (Sauropsida, Diapsida) based on synchrotron tomography, and the phylogenetic implications
Authors: Hunt Annabel K. , Ford David P. , Fernandez Vincent , Choiniere Jonah N. , Benson Roger B. J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe late Permian reptile Youngina capensis (c. 254 Ma) is a non‐saurian neodiapsid whose anatomy has been used to represent the reptilian condition prior to the divergence of Sauria (crown‐group reptiles). However, despite being first described over 100 years ago, the anatomy of Youngina remains incompletely documented. Here we use synchrotron x‐ray micro‐computed tomography to document new features of the palate, braincase and mandible of Youngina. New observations include an anteriorly bifurcating vomer, dentition on the ventral surface of the parasphenoid body and cultriform process, and a strongly convex coronoid eminence. Our anatomical observations suggest that Youngina may represent a more stemward lineage among non‐saurian neodiapsids and this is supported by our phylogenetic analysis, which places Youngina as an early diverging neodiapsid. Our research will benefit future studies on saurian origins by providing improved constraints on neodiapsid anatomy prior to the divergence of the reptilian crown group.