bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beyond balance: the impact of adult sex ratios on reproduction and longevity in Zophobas morio rearing
Authors: Soulioti P. , Adamaki-Sotiraki C. , Rumbos C. I. , Athanassiou C. G. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Over the years, the study of adult sex ratio is a topic that has gained attention for its impact on reproductive outcomes and aging across various insect species. However, there is still limited research focused on insects reared for food and feed production. To address this gap, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of different adult sex ratios on the reproductive dynamics and longevity of the superworm, Zophobas morio (F.) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), a species with interesting potential as a nutrient source. In this study, we assessed three adult sex ratios, i.e., 5:5, 6:4 and 8:2 (female:male) with mesh used to each setup. An additional 5:5 sex ratio without mesh served as control. On a weekly basis, adult survival, egg production, and egg hatching rates were recorded. Our results revealed statistically significant differences in egg production across the different sex ratios tested, but no statistically significant differences in hatching rates and adult survival. These findings suggest that both balanced and female-biased sex ratios are suitable for Z. morio and that it is important to consider this factor when enhancing efficiency in large-scale insect production.

Graphical abstract
Liver T1 mapping in Fontan patients and patients with biventricular congenital heart disease – insights into the effects of venous congestions on diffuse liver disease
Authors: Ide Yujiro , Gabbert Dominik Daniel , Hansen Jan Hinnerk , Uebing Anselm , Voges Inga 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
T1 relaxation time quantification on parametric maps is routinely used in cardiac imaging and may serve as a non-invasive biomarker for diffuse liver disease. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between liver T1 values and cardiac function in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) and compared patients with a biventricular circulation (BVC) to those with a Fontan circulation (FC). Magnetic resonance images from patients with CHD, obtained between June and December 2023 on a 1.5 T machine, were retrospectively reviewed. The examinations included cardiac cine sequences to assess ventricular mass and volumes, along with liver T1 mapping. T1 values were measured in eight liver segments and were compared with ventricular mass and volumes in patients with BVC and FC. In total, 104 patients (75 with BVC and 29 with FC) were included. T1 values varied significantly among the eight liver segments in both patient groups. In an age-matched comparison, patients with FC had significantly higher T1 values in all liver segments. In patients with BVC and right ventricular (RV) enlargement, a positive correlation between RV volume and T1 values in the right liver lobe was found (R > 0.504, p < 0.033). In patients with FC, the T1 values did not differ between patients with an extracardiac conduit or a lateral tunnel. Liver T1 mapping suggests more severe liver affection in patients with FC compared to those with BVC. It seems a valuable addition to cardiovascular magnetic resonance for patients who are at risk of systemic venous congestion.
The transcription factor FOXQ1 in cancer
Authors: Koch Stefan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFOXQ1 is a member of the large forkhead box (FOX) family of transcription factors that is involved in all aspects of mammalian development, physiology, and pathobiology. FOXQ1 has emerged as a major regulator of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and tumour metastasis in cancers, especially carcinomas of the digestive tract. Accordingly, FOXQ1 induction is recognised as an independent prognostic factor for worse overall survival in several types of cancer, including gastric and colorectal cancer. In this review article, I summarise new evidence on the role of FOXQ1 in cancer, with a focus on molecular mechanisms that control FOXQ1 levels and the regulation of FOXQ1 target genes. Unravelling the functions of FOXQ1 has the potential to facilitate the development of targeted treatments for metastatic cancers.
Understanding Autism as a Condition in Mental Health Clinical Practice: Clinical Perspectives from a Youth Early Psychosis Service
Authors: Porter Caillin , Whitehead Richard , Hopkins Liza 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAutism is a rapidly growing phenomenon, with rates of diagnosed autism in the community rising every decade. Autism and traits of autism are also regularly part of presentation at youth mental health services, including early psychosis services. In early psychosis services young people’s symptoms tend to be formulated through a psychosis lens, rather than a neurodevelopmental lens which can lead to unnecessary medicalised treatment, and treatment plans that do not consider the possible impact of neurodiversity. The following paper explores autism and traits of autism in relation to youth early psychosis, examining the complexity in accurate formulation, and the possible impacts for young people. Future directions for how services can address this issue and more effectively tailor treatment to young people are also discussed.
Thermodynamics as a framework for understanding gravitational dynamics and quantum gravity
Authors: Alonso-Serrano Ana , Liška Marek 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We present a review of concepts of thermodynamic of spacetime that allows for an understanding of the gravitational dynamics encoding in it, discussing also the recovery of Weyl transverse gravity instead of General Relativity. We also discuss how these tools can provide some hints in the search of quantum gravity phenomenology, by introducing a formalism to analyze low-energy quantum gravity modifications in a completely general framework based on the thermodynamics of spacetime. For that purpose, we consider quantum gravity effects via a parametrized modification of entropy by an extra logarithmic term in the area, predicted in most of the different approaches to quantum gravity. These results provide a general expression for quantum phenomenological equations of gravitational dynamics.
Effects of the anti-inflammatory pentoxifylline on psychiatric and neuropsychiatric conditions: exploring various off-label utilities with meta-analyses
Authors: Ramzi Ahmed , Maya Subhia , Balousha Nadeen , Amin Mufreh , Powell Robert Charles , Shiha Mostafa Ramzi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Chronic inflammation has been linked to many psychiatric disorders, and therefore, pertinent anti-inflammatory therapies have been empirically evaluated for management. An enduring example of long-term safety, attainability, and versatility has been pentoxifylline (PTX). PTX is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor that modulates inflammatory mediators and affects most blood components and the blood vessels.

Methods
Major databases were systematically searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on PTX in psychiatric and neuropsychiatric disorders until September 25, 2024.

Results
21 RCTs were included. Five studies evaluated clinical depression: four on major depressive disorder (MDD) and one on bipolar patients experiencing treatment-resistant depression. PTX significantly reduced depressive symptoms in MDD in the four double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials, with the three studies combining PTX and SSRIs showing statistically significant improvements in response rates. Ten RCTs on cognitive impairment reported beneficial effects, particularly in vascular dementia. Meta-analyses support its efficacy in reducing depressive symptoms, cognitive decline, asthenia, and inflammatory markers.

Conclusion
Exploring the effects of PTX on psychiatric and neuropsychiatric conditions has provided considerable support for its utility across various disorders, most notably in moderate to severe major depressive disorder (as adjunctive therapy with SSRIs) and cognitive impairment in vascular dementia (as monotherapy). Relevantly, the potential of PTX across a wide range of conditions might prove beneficial in cases of co-occurrence.
“Do My Friends Only Like the School Me or the True Me?”: School Belonging, Camouflaging, and Anxiety in Autistic Students
Authors: Atkinson Elizabeth , Wright Sarah , Wood-Downie Henry 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe prevalence of autistic students in schools is continuously increasing. Typically, the social and sensory differences associated with autism can make the school environment difficult to manage. Autistic students are more likely to experience mental health difficulties than their non-autistic peers. It is therefore important to listen to autistic people about their educational experiences and explore ways that the environment could be changed to reduce anxiety. Purpose. The current research explores whether the relationship between school belonging and anxiety in secondary-aged autistic students is mediated by camouflaging. Methods. An anonymous online survey was completed by 72 autistic students attending mainstream schools in the UK and Ireland. The survey included questionnaires about school belonging (simple sense of belonging scale), anxiety (ASC-ASD) and camouflaging traits (CAT-Q). Further, the survey included open-ended questions about environmental factors related to school belonging and camouflaging. Qualitative content analysis was used to interpret answers to open ended questions. Results. The results found that, as predicted, camouflaging did mediate the relationship between school belonging and anxiety. Categories were created for each question, for example, ‘the school environment’ and ‘acceptance and understanding’. Conclusion. Social relationships; individual factors; the environment and adaptations, and acceptance and understanding, influence students’ sense of belonging.
The Relationship Between Religious Health Fatalism and Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors of Earthquake Victims: The Example of Türkiye
Authors: Tanrıkulu Fatma , Demir Rümeysa , Demir Mustafa 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEarthquakes are natural disasters that cause physical, psychological, social, and environmental damage. Due to the intense psychological impact, victims of earthquakes may associate a fatalistic approach with religion as a mechanism for seeking protection. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between religious health fatalism and healthy lifestyle behaviors among earthquake victims. A comparative analysis was conducted based on sociodemographic factors to compare average scores. A total of 175 individuals who were affected by the earthquakes that occurred in Türkiye in 2023 participated in this descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational study. The total Religious Health Fatalism Questionnaire score of the earthquake victims was 54.89 ± 14.68 and Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Scale-II score was 130.14 ± 19.68. Significant correlations were found between religious health fatalism and healthy lifestyling behaviors of the participating individuals (p < 0.05). It was determined that the independent variables explained 35.7% of the RHFQ score (R2 = 0.357) and 16% of the HLBS-II scale score (R2 = 0.160). Earthquake victims were found to have higher than average levels of religious health fatalism.
Optimising a driving mechanism mechanical design of EXOTIC exoskeleton—a review on upper limb exoskeletons driving systems and a case study
Authors: Falkowski Piotr , Mohammadi Mostafa , Andreasen Struijk Lotte N. S. , Rzymkowski Cezary , Pilat Zbigniew 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWhile designing rehabilitation exoskeletons is often realised based on experience and intuition, many processes can be computer-aided. This gives the opportunity to design lighter and more compact constructions. Hence, the devices can be fully wearable and have a wider range of motion. So far, mainly topology optimisation and parametric dimensional optimisations have been used for that. The presented study addresses the problem of automatic selection of the driving systems for exoskeletons. It consists of the literature review of the components used to actuate the joints of such constructions, optimisation algorithm development, and a case study on the EXOTIC exoskeleton. The method includes building a database of motors and gearboxes, computing inverse kinematics of a system to obtain angular trajectories from the task-oriented paths, iteration computing inverse dynamics to compute required torque and the search for the optimal solution according to the defined goal function. This approach enables single joint and multijoint optimisation, with the custom goal function minimising optionally masses, diameters or widths of the selected driving systems. The investigation consists of the 28 simulation trials for EXOTIC exoskeleton to compare results obtained for different aims. Moreover, to visualise the effect, the 1st DOF driving mechanism is redesigned to obtain its minimum width based on the optimisation results. The optimal choice reduced the actuation mechanism mass by 15.3%, while its total dimensions by 17.5%, 8.5% and 26.2%, respectively. The presented approach is easily transferable to any other active exoskeleton and can contribute to designing compact and lightweight constructions. This is particularly important in assistive rehabilitation and can also be used in industrial assistance processes.
Identification, classification, and documentation of drug related problems in community pharmacy practice in Europe: a scoping review
Authors: Hochhold Danielle , Nørgaard Lotte Stig , Stewart Derek , Weidmann Anita Elaine 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Drug-related problems (DRPs) are significant issues in healthcare contributing to adverse health outcomes and increased healthcare costs. While community pharmacists play a pivotal role in identifying, classifying, and documenting DRPs, there is a need to map approaches undertaken.

Aim
The aim of this scoping review was to examine the approaches to identifying, classifying, and documenting DRPs in community pharmacies in Europe, and their associated barriers and facilitators.

Method
The scoping review was conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines and reported according to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The search was conducted across 11 databases from inception until March 2023. Studies of all designs reporting DRPs in European community pharmacies were included. Titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened independently by two researchers, followed by data extraction and synthesis.

Results
The search yielded 67 relevant studies. Forty-eight studies described approaches to DRP identification as predominantly relying on professional knowledge and computer software. The classification methods, described in 41 studies, varied with reports of predefined systems and computer-generated classifications. Documentation approaches were described in 53 studies and were primarily computer-based. Facilitators included electronic support systems, pharmacist experience, while barriers encompassed the complexity of classification as well as variations in training, IT solutions, operational structures, and implementation.

Conclusion
There is a lack of a standardized approach to identifying, classifying, and documenting DRPs in European community pharmacies. A framework for pharmacist education and a time-saving approach to documenting DRPs consistently could serve to overcome the barriers to their identification and documentation. Furthermore, the implementation of a standardised approach to classifying DRPs could facilitate comparison of the management of DRPs across Europe.
Meditations on Ortega y Gasset’s Opaque Dogs: Hunting with Dogs as Inter-Species Affective Scaffolding
Authors: du Toit Jean , Swer Gregory Morgan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis paper interprets Ortega y Gasset’s Meditations on Hunting (1972) through the concept of cognitive scaffolding in order to analyse the relationship between hunter and hunting dog as a form of inter-species distributed cognitive system. In recreational hunting, the hunter and the dog engage in a reciprocal process of mutual cognitive scaffolding that transforms both their capacities. It is further argued that this scaffolding also serves as a means of affective regulation, and that it is the affective rather than the cognitive features of the system that point to the function of the scaffolding. Namely, the production of an affective state in the hunter. We detail the ways in which the cognitive and affective features of the scaffold operate and interrelate. We then explore the role of the game-animal in the affective functioning of the scaffold and consider that the hunter-dog system might represent a harmful form of scaffolding.
Evaluation of Pulmonary Function in Long-Term Follow-Up After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy
Authors: Şahin Hatice , Şahin Murat , Bülbüloğlu Ertan , Kuş Celal , Akkök Burcu , Atilla Nurhan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Obesity is one of the most important health problems in the world. It affects all systems, especially the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is an effective method in the treatment of obesity and can improve respiratory functions. We aimed to evaluate the effects of surgery on pulmonary function in patients with obesity.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on a group of patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy. This study assessed pre-operative and long-term pulmonary function in patients who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy between 2009 and 2015, with a minimum follow-up of 10 years. Patients were stratified based on smoking status and presence of comorbidities.

Results
The study included 51 patients (82.4% female) with a mean age of 51.90 ± 11.57 years. Significant weight loss and reductions in BMI were observed postoperatively. Mean pre-operative BMI was 47.53 ± 6.95 and significantly decreased to 37.75 ± 6.02 post-operatively, BMI reduction rate was %22 (p < 0.001). Pulmonary function tests demonstrated significant improvements in FEV1 (2.65 ± 0.69 to 2.76 ± 0.67, p = 0.044), FEV1% (92.07 ± 15.31 to 97.98 ± 14.45, p = 0.001), PEF (74.01 ± 18.12 to 91.53 ± 24.16, p < 0.001), and MEF25-75 (77.17 ± 22.07 to 108.57 ± 28.11 p < 0.001) after surgery. These improvements were consistent across different subgroups, including smokers, non-smokers, and patients with and without comorbidities. Non-smokers exhibited a greater percentage increase in FEV1 compared to smokers. While there was an increase in FEV1 among patients with comorbidities, this difference was not statistically significant. Conversely, patients without comorbidities demonstrated a significant improvement in FEV1.

Conclusion
Bariatric surgery is associated with significant improvements in pulmonary function in obese patients, regardless of smoking status or comorbidities.
Protecting coastal habitats: is a 24-meter isobath ban on purse seines adequate for coastal areas and endangered species?
Authors: Akçay Emre Oğuzhan , Cömert Nurdan , Yıldız Taner 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe Sea of Marmara (SoM) holds significant importance for both local and regional fisheries due to its characteristic as a semi-enclosed sea on the migratory route of small and medium pelagic fish. While this area sees active fishing with numerous small-scale vessels and approximately 150 purse seiners, there has been a noticeable absence of research on the spatial and temporal distribution of intense fishing pressure in this relatively small sea. Concerns regarding the sustainability of purse seining in the region, specifically in relation to its potential interaction with the seafloor, have emerged over time. This study aimed to assess the spatial and temporal distribution of purse seine fishing effort in the Sea of Marmara (SoM) from 2012 to 2022. The objectives were to identify the locations of concentrated purse seine fishing effort, determine if these clusters were statistically significant hotspots, and uncover any spatio-temporal variations in fishing activity. To address these issues, this study assessed the apparent fishing effort of purse seiners from 2012 to 2022 using data from Global Fishing Watch. Various statistical tools of geographic information systems (ArcGIS and QGIS) were applied to achieve the following. identify the locations where apparent clusters of purse seine fishing effort were concentrated in the SoM; determine if these identified clusters were statistically significant hotspots; and uncover any spatio-temporal variations in fishing activity. The analyses revealed persistent and intensifying purse seine fishing efforts concentrated in the eastern sector of the SoM. This area includes ecologically sensitive habitats and serves as a habitat for vulnerable species, such as Posidonia meadows, Pinna nobilis, and Octocorals. Additionally, it was found that 50% of the fishing effort occurred in areas shallower than 50 m, raising public concerns about the protection of these specific zones. The findings indicate significant and increasing fishing pressure in the eastern sector of the SoM, posing potential risks to sensitive marine habitats and vulnerable species. These results underscore the need for targeted management strategies to ensure the sustainability of purse seine fishing and the protection of critical habitats in the SoM.
Was macht Familie aus?
Authors: Schierbaum Anja , Franzheld Tobias 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung
Ausgehend von der Überlegung, dass Familie das Aufwachsen von Kindern und Jugendlichen maßgeblich organisiert, und pädagogische Institutionen ohne einen Familienbezug nicht denkbar sind, wird im Beitrag das Verhältnis von Familie und (sozial)pädagogischen Institutionen eingehender diskutiert. Zunehmend durchdringen sich Familien und Institutionen im Hinblick auf Bedarfs- und Lebenslagen oder beim Zusammenwirken von Bildungs- und Erziehungsaufgaben – ausgerichtet auf die Zielstellung die gesellschaftliche Funktionsfähigkeit von Familie zu stärken oder ihre Bildungsbedeutsamkeit zu unterstützen.
Associations of Perceived School and Year Group Climate with Mental Health Among Children Aged 7-to-11 Years
Authors: Donaldson Caitlyn , Morgan Kelly , Ouerghi Safia , Lewis James J. , Moore Graham 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSchools are an important setting for interventions to improve mental health. There is growing evidence that school climate – sometimes expressed as the perceptions that children have about the relationships, safety, values, and beliefs within their school – can impact child mental health. Poor child mental health is associated with feelings of distress as well deficits in functioning. However, while most studies have focused on school climate, climate at lower levels of nesting, including year group, may be important. Cross-sectional data on emotional and behavioural difficulties from 32,606 children in primary schools in Wales (ages 7–11, year groups 3–6) were collected via a school survey, delivered online and within the classroom environment to all children who consented, and analysed using multilevel modelling. Models were then extended to consider how aggregated measures of year group and school climate are associated with mental health outcomes. The unadjusted variance partition coefficients (VPCs) indicated that 2.8% of the variance in emotional difficulties and 3.2% in behavioural difficulties were attributable to differences in the year group, while school-level differences represented 2.4% and 3.5%, respectively. More positive year group and school climate were associated with more positive mental health outcomes. School and year group climate are independently associated with primary school children’s mental health. Interventions to support mental health should aim to optimise the whole school climate, as well as climate within year group clusters.