bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of a human‐aware robot navigation module for cooperative soft‐fruit harvesting operations
Authors: Guevara Leonardo , Hanheide Marc , Parsons Simon 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn the last decades, robotic solutions have been introduced in agriculture to improve the efficiency of tasks such as spraying, plowing, and seeding. However, for a more complex task like soft‐fruit harvesting, the efficiency of experienced human pickers has not been surpassed yet by robotic solutions. Thus, in the immediate future, human labor will probably be still necessary for picking tasks while robotic platforms could be used as collaborators, supporting the pickers in the transportation of the harvested fruit. This cooperative harvesting strategy creates a human–robot interaction (HRI) that requires significant further development in human‐aware safe navigation and effective bidirectional communication of intent. In fact, although agricultural robots are considered small/medium size machinery, they still represent a risk of causing injuries to human collaborators, especially if people are not trained to work with robots or robot operations are not intuitive. Avoiding such injury is the aim of this work which contributes to the development, implementation, and evaluation of a human‐aware navigation (HAN) module that can be integrated into the autonomous navigation system of commercial agricultural robots. The proposed module is responsible for the detection and monitoring of humans working around the robot and uses this information to activate safety actions depending on whether the human presence is considered at risk or not. Apart from ensuring a physically safe HRI, the proposed module deals with the comfort level and psychological safety of human coworkers. The latter is possible by using an explicit human–robot communication strategy that lets both know of the other's intentions, increasing the level of trust and reducing inefficient pauses triggered by unnecessary safety actions. The proposed HAN solution was integrated into a commercial agricultural robot and tested in several situations that are expected to happen during cooperative harvesting operations. The results of an usability assessment illustrated the benefits of the proposal in terms of safety, efficiency, and ergonomics.
Teacher‐perceived science inquiry‐based instructional practice on student achievement and motivational beliefs in classroom contexts
Authors: Liou Pey‐Yan , Myoung Eunjung 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA hotly debated topic is the effectiveness of inquiry‐based instructional practice in science classrooms on student achievement and motivation. Numerous studies based on multinational large‐scale education data show such student‐centered instructional practice positively led to students' motivational beliefs but was negatively associated with science achievement. Current literature, however, drew such a conclusion based on the measures of instructional practice from students' perceptions, not teachers, despite teachers being the subject matter experts and actual implementers of classroom activities. Thus, this study examined the relationships between teacher‐perceived instructional practice, science motivational beliefs, and science achievement. Specifically, this study investigated the predictive effects of instructional practices on aggregated student motivational beliefs (i.e., self‐concept, utility value, and intrinsic value) and science achievement in the classroom context. Moreover, the study explored the contextual effects of student motivational beliefs on science achievement. We examined 3861 eighth graders' data nested within 168 science classrooms in the Korean portion of the latest Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study using multilevel structural equation modeling. The results showed that the inquiry‐based instructional approach did not predict science achievement or motivational beliefs at the classroom level. On the other hand, student self‐concept and utility value positively predicted individual achievement, while classroom‐level utility value statistically predicted average classroom achievement. In other words, the significant effect of classroom‐level utility value on achievement was beyond the effect of individual utility value. The unique contributions of the study lie in advancing the science education literature with a fresh reflection on such relationships by using a less examined data source (i.e., teacher perceptions), focusing on the classroom context (i.e., classroom‐level science motivational beliefs and achievement), and situating in an underrepresented country (i.e., Korea) in the literature. The results shed light on the discrepancies in the effectiveness of instructional practice perceived by teachers versus students on desired educational outcomes in a learning context. This study also discusses the practical and methodological implications for instructional and motivational research.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Isothiocyanates from Amines Mediated by Carbon Tetrabromide
Authors: Techapanalai Saharat , Annuur Rose Malina , Sukwattanasinitt Mongkol , Wacharasindhu Sumrit 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this work, we successfully prepared isothiocyanates in one‐pot manner from the corresponding amines using carbon tetrabromide as a desulfurizing agent. The in situ formation of dithiocarbamate salts from amines followed by desulfurization using carbon disulfide provided various isothiocyanates in good to excellent yields. Moreover, our method can be extended to prepare unsymmetrical thioureas in one‐pot process. Both methods are applicable to large scale synthesis. The benefits of this reaction include one‐pot synthesis, mild condition, simple operation, and metal‐free process.
Life stress and adiposity in mothers: A 14‐year follow‐up in the general population
Authors: Hoepel Sanne J. W. , Schuurmans Isabel K. , Cecil Charlotte A. M. , Jaddoe Vincent W. V. , Luik Annemarie I. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractExposure to specific stressors has been found to associate with higher adiposity in adulthood. However, the potential overlapping effects of stress domains have been overlooked, as well as the role of parenting‐related stressors that mothers are widely exposed to in mid‐adulthood. Therefore, we assessed the association of overlapping effects of stress domains, including parenting‐related stress, with subsequent adiposity in mothers. In 3957 mothers from the population‐based Generation R Study, life stress was assessed during the first 10 years of child‐rearing and measured as a reflective latent variable of stress domains. Structural equation modelling was used to assess the association of life stress and its individual domains with body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference after 14 years of follow‐up. Greater life stress over the course of 10 years was associated with a higher BMI (standardized adjusted difference: 0.57 kg/m2 [95% CI: 0.41–0.72]) and a larger waist circumference (1.15 cm [0.72–1.57]). When examining individual stress domains, we found that life events was independently associated with a higher BMI (0.16 kg/m2) and contextual stress was independently associated with a higher BMI (0.43 kg/m2) and larger waist circumference (1.04 cm). Parenting stress and interpersonal stress were not independently associated with adiposity at follow‐up. The overlap of multiple domains of stress in mothers is associated with a higher risk of adiposity. This effect was stronger than for individual life stress domains, reiterating the need to consider overlapping effects of different life stress domains.
Recent Advances in Co‐Based Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Wang Bin , Yang Fulin , Feng Ligang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWater splitting is a promising technique in the sustainable “green hydrogen” generation to meet energy demands of modern society. Its industrial application is heavily dependent on the development of novel catalysts with high performance and low cost for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). As a typical non‐precious metal, cobalt‐based catalysts have gained tremendous attention in recent years and shown a great prospect of commercialization. However, the complexity of the composition and structure of newly‐developed Co‐based catalysts make it urgent to comprehensively retrospect and summarize their advance and design strategies. Hence, in this review, the reaction mechanism of HER is first introduced and the possible role of the Co component during electrocatalysis is discussed. Then, various design strategies that could effectively enhance the intrinsic activity are summarized, including surface vacancy engineering, heteroatom doping, phase engineering, facet regulation, heterostructure construction, and the support effect. The recent progress of the advanced Co‐based HER electrocatalysts is discussed, emphasizing that the application of the above design strategies can significantly improve performance by regulating the electronic structure and optimizing the binding energy to the crucial intermediates. At last, the prospects and challenges of Co‐based catalysts are shown according to the viewpoint from fundamental explorations to industrial applications.
A Responsive Nanorobot Modulates Intracellular Zinc Homeostasis to Amplify Mitochondria‐Targeted Phototherapy
Authors: Zhou Xinyuan , Zhou Anwei , Tian Zihan , Chen Weiwei , Xu Yurui , Ning Xinghai , Chen Kerong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractZinc has been proven to interweave with many critical cell death pathways, and not only exhibits potent anticancer activity solely, but sensitizes cancer cells to anticancer treatment, making zinc supplementation ideal for boosting odds against malignancy. Herein, a smart nanorobot (termed as Zinger) is developed, composed of iRGD‐functionalized liposome encapsulating black phosphorus nanosheet (BPNs) doped zeolite imidazole framework‐8 (BPN@ZIF‐8), for advancing zinc‐promoted photodynamic therapy (PDT). Zinger exhibits photo‐triggered sequential mitochondria‐targeting ability, and can induce zinc overload‐mediated mitochondrial stress, which consequently sensitized tumor to PDT through synergistically modulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and p53 pathway. It is identified that Zinger selectively triggered intracellular zinc overload and photodynamic effect in cancer cells, which together enhanced PDT treatment outcomes. Importantly, Zinger shows high efficacy in overcoming various treatment barriers, allowing for effectively killing cancer cells in the complex circumstances. Particularly, Zinger exhibits good tumor accumulation, penetration, and even cell uptake, and can respond to light stimulation to eliminate tumors while avoiding normal tissues, thereby prolonging survival of tumor‐bearing mice. Therefore, the study provides a novel insight in the development of novel zinc‐associated therapy for advancing cancer treatment approaches.
Biomineralized RuO2 Nanozyme with Multi‐Enzyme Activity for Ultrasound‐Triggered Peroxynitrite‐Boosted Ferroptosis
Authors: Liu Shikai , Li Wenting , Ding He , Tian Boshi , Fang Linyang , Zhao Xudong , Zhao Ruoxi , An Baichao , Ding Lianfei , Zhong Lei , Yang Piaoping 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFerroptosis, as a non‐apoptotic cell death pathway, has attracted increasing attention for cancer therapy. However, the clinical application of ferroptosis‐participated modalities is severely limited by the low efficiency owing to the intrinsic intracellular regulation pathways. Herein, chlorin e6 (Ce6) and N‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine‐conjugated bovine serum albumin‐ruthenium dioxide is elaborately designed and constructed for ultrasound‐triggered peroxynitrite‐mediated ferroptosis. Upon ultrasound stimulation, the sonosensitizers of Ce6 and RuO2 exhibit highly efficient singlet oxygen (1O2) generation capacity, which is sequentially amplified by superoxide dismutase and catalase‐mimicking activity of RuO2 with hypoxia relief. Meanwhile, the S‐nitrosothiol group in BCNR breaks off to release nitric oxide (NO) on‐demand, which then reacts with 1O2 forming highly cytotoxic peroxynitrite (ONOO−) spontaneously. Importantly, BCNR nanozyme with glutathione peroxidase‐mimicking activity can consume glutathione (GSH), along with the generated ONOO− downregulates glutathione reductase, avoiding GSH regeneration. The two‐parallel approach ensures complete depletion of GSH within the tumor, resulting in the boosted ferroptosis sensitization of cancer cells. Thus, this work presents a superior paradigm for designing peroxynitrite‐boosted ferroptosis sensitization cancer therapeutic.
Highly Efficient Electrochemical Hydrogen Evolution with Ultra‐Low Loading of Strongly Adhered Pt Nanoparticles on Carbon
Authors: Chakraborty Soumita , Servottam Swaraj , Samal Pankaj Kumar , Kalita Daizy , Rao Ankit , Bagchi Debabrata , Peter Sebastian C , Eswaramoorthy Muthusamy 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe development of robust electrocatalysts with low platinum content for acidic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is paramount for large scale commercialization of proton exchange membrane electrolyzers. Herein, a simple strategy is reported to synthesize a well anchored, low Pt containing Vulcan carbon catalyst using ZnO as a sacrificial template. Pt containing ZnO (PZ) is prepared by a simultaneous borohydride reduction. PZ is then loaded onto Vulcan carbon to produce a very low Pt content electrocatalyst, PZ@VC. PZ@VC with 2 wt.% Pt shows excellent performance for acidic HER in comparison to the commercial Pt/C (20 wt.%) catalyst. PZ@VC with a very low Pt loading shows significantly low η10 and η100 values (15 and 46 mV, respectively). PZ@VC on coating with Nafion (PZ@VC‐N) shows further improvement in its performance (η10 of 7 mV, η100 of 28 mV) with ≈300 h of stability (≈10 mA cm−2) with only 4 µgPt cm−2. PZ@VC‐N shows a record high mass activity of 71 A mgPt−1 (32 times larger than Pt/C (20 wt.%) at 50 mV of overpotential. Post reaction characterizations reveal Pt nanoparticles are embedded onto VC with no traces of zinc, suggestive of a strong metal‐support interaction leading to this high stability at low Pt loading.
Forensic experts' view of forensic‐ready software systems: A qualitative study
Authors: Daubner Lukas , Buhnova Barbora , Pitner Tomas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSoftware engineers widely acknowledge the inclusion of security requirements in the early stages of the development process. However, the need to prepare the software for the failure of the implemented security controls and subsequent investigation of the incident is often not discussed. Forensic‐ready software systems represent an evolution of secure systems being designed for the eventual digital forensic investigation. However, their exact properties remain largely unexplored, beyond preliminary high‐level conceptualizations of requirements and capabilities. Further obstacles hindering the adoption of forensic‐ready software systems are the different priorities and goals of involved parties and a gap in the digital forensics expertise of software engineers. In this paper, we conduct an empirical qualitative study identifying the problems and needs of forensic readiness while framing the notion of an ideal forensic‐ready software system and how it should treat potential evidence. To this end, we conducted semisupervised interviews with digital forensics experts on their idea, experience, and suggestions. The results provide insights into the needs of the experts to facilitate the definition of correct requirements towards forensic‐ready software systems to support the anticipated investigations properly.
Recent Progress in Azobenzene‐Based Supramolecular Materials and Applications
Authors: Younis Muhammad , Ahmad Sadia , Atiq Atia , Amjad Farooq Muhammad , Huang Mu‐Hua , Abbas Manzar 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAzobenzene‐containing small molecules and polymers are functional photoswitchable molecules to form supramolecular nanomaterials for various applications. Recently, supramolecular nanomaterials have received enormous attention in material science because of their simple bottom‐up synthesis approach, understandable mechanisms and structural features, and batch‐to‐batch reproducibility. Azobenzene is a light‐responsive functional moiety in the molecular design of small molecules and polymers and is used to switch the photophysical properties of supramolecular nanomaterials. Herein, we review the latest literature on supramolecular nano‐ and micro‐materials formed from azobenzene‐containing small molecules and polymers through the combinatorial effect of weak molecular interactions. Different classes including complex coacervates, host‐guest systems, co‐assembled, and self‐assembled supramolecular materials, where azobenzene is an essential moiety in small molecules, and photophysical properties are discussed. Afterward, azobenzene‐containing polymers‐based supramolecular photoresponsive materials formed through the host‐guest approach, polymerization‐induced self‐assembly, and post‐polymerization assembly techniques are highlighted. In addition to this, the applications of photoswitchable supramolecular materials in pH sensing, and CO2 capture are presented. In the end, the conclusion and future perspective of azobenzene‐based supramolecular materials for molecular assembly design, and applications are given.
Chemistry Aspects and Designing Strategies of Flexible Materials for High‐Performance Flexible Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Khurram Tufail Muhammad , Ahmed Adeel , Rafiq Muhammad , Asif Nawaz Muhammad , Shoaib Ahmad Shah Syed , Sohail Manzar , Sufyan Javed Muhammad , Najam Tayyaba , Althomali Raed H. , Rahman Mohammed M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn recent years, flexible and wearable electronics such as smart cards, smart fabrics, bio‐sensors, soft robotics, and internet‐linked electronics have impacted our lives. In order to meet the requirements of more flexible and adaptable paradigm shifts, wearable products may need to be seamlessly integrated. A great deal of effort has been made in the last two decades to develop flexible lithium‐ion batteries (FLIBs). The selection of suitable flexible materials is important for the development of flexible electrolytes self‐supported and supported electrodes. This review is focused on the critical discussion of the factors that evaluate the flexibility of the materials and their potential path toward achieving the FLIBs. Following this analysis, we present how to evaluate the flexibility of the battery materials and FLIBs. We describe the chemistry of carbon‐based materials, covalent‐organic frameworks (COFs), metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs), and MXene‐based materials and their flexible cell design that represented excellent electrochemical performances during bending. Furthermore, the application of state‐of‐the‐art solid polymer and solid electrolytes to accelerate the development of FLIBs is introduced. Analyzing the contributions and developments of different countries has also been highlighted in the past decade. In addition, the prospects and potential of flexible materials and their engineering are also discussed, providing the roadmap for further developments in this fast‐evolving field of FLIB research.
Scoparone inhibits the development of hepatocellular carcinoma by modulating the p38 MAPK/Akt/NF‐κB signaling in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease mice
Authors: Ye Miaoqing , Liu Chunyan , Liu Jiaojiao , Lu Fenping , Xue Jingdong , Li Fenping , Tang Yinghui 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and study aimThe mechanisms underlying the progression of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) into hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains confusing and the therapeutics approaches are also challenging. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of scoparone on the treatment of HCC stemmed from NAFLD and the underlying mechanisms.Materials and methodsA model of NAFLD‐HCC was created in mice, and these mice were treated with scoparone. Biochemical assays were conducted to assess the levels of biochemical markers. Tumors were evaluated through morphological examination. Histopathological analyses were performed using oil red O, Hematoxylin and Eosin, and Masson coloration assays. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and RT‐PCR were performed to analyze protein expression and measure mRNA expression levels, respectively.ResultsScoparone could ameliorate the pathological alterations observed in NAFLD‐HCC mouse model. IHC analysis indicated an upregulation of NF‐κB p65 expression in both NAFLD and NAFLD‐HCC models, which was subsequently reverted by scoparone administration. Furthermore, scoparone treatment resulted in a reversal of the increased mRNA expression levels of NF‐κB target genes, including TNF‐α, MCP‐1, iNOS, COX‐2, NF‐κB, and MMP‐9, which were originally elevated in the NAFLD‐HCC condition. Additionally, scoparone exhibited a capacity to counteract the activation of the MAPK/Akt signaling in the NAFLD‐HCC model.ConclusionThese findings suggest that scoparone holds promise as a potential therapeutic agent for NAFLD‐associated HCC, and its model of action may involve the regulation of inflammatory pathways governed by the MAPK/Akt/NF‐κB signaling cascade.
Catalpol ameliorates inflammation and oxidative stress via regulating Sirt1 and activating Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling against acute kidney injury
Authors: Zhang Manli , Qiang Yanjuan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundSeptic acute kidney injury (SAKI) is usually caused by sepsis. It has been shown that catalpol (Cat) impairs sepsis‐evoked organ dysfunction to a certain degree. The current work aims to evaluate the protective effects of Cat on SAKI and potential mechanisms in vivo and in vitro.MethodsSAKI cellular and murine model were set up using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro and in vivo. Cell apoptosis in cells was determined by TUNEL assay. Levels of inflammatory cytokines were detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The levels of the markers of oxidative injury were evaluated by corresponding commercial kits. Protein levels were assayed via western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining.ResultsThe results demonstrated that LPS upregulated TNF‐α, IL‐6, and malondialdehyde levels, and downregulated superoxide dismutase, whereas Cat treated cells have the opposite results. Functional assays displayed that Cat remarkably reversed the LPS‐challenged damage as the impairment of TNF‐α and IL‐6 levels, oxidative stress, and the apoptosis in HK‐2 cells. Moreover, knockdown of Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) counteracted the suppressive impact of Cat on LPS‐triggered inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and renal damage. Further, Cat elevated Sirt1 expression and activated the Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling in LPS‐engendered SAKI in vivo and in vitro.ConclusionOur study clearly proved that Cat protected against LPS‐induced SAKI via synergic antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory actions by regulating Sirt1 and Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling pathways.