bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Сучасні виклики щодо координації захисних заходів у разі виникнення транскордонної ядерної або радіаційної аварії
Authors: Chupryna S. , Kyrylenko Yu. , Nikolaiev Ye. 
Published: March 2023

Підхід до координації захисних дій на ранній фазі транскордонної ядерної або радіаційної аварії було сформовано та запропоновано Асоціацією керівників європейських компетентних органів з питань радіаційного захисту (HERCA) і Західноєвропейською асоціацією органів регулювання ядерної та радіаційної безпеки (WENRA) у 2014 році й отримав назву «підхід HERCA-WENRA». З того часу чимало країн успішно впроваджують цей підхід для гармонізації своїх дій у відповідь на спільну загрозу.
У статті містяться основні принципи підходу HERCA-WENRA, наведено загальну концепцію, механізми та заходи, що реалізуються на різних етапах підготовки та реагування на ядерну або радіаційну аварію, описано стан імплементації підходу HERCA-WENRA в Україні, а також зазначені основні фактори невизначеності щодо оцінки та прогнозування радіаційних наслідків аварій на об’єктах І категорії радіаційної небезпеки.
Окрему увагу приділено ситуації, що склалася на території України з початком повномасштабного вторгнення російської федерації, в контексті аварійної готовності та реагування, зокрема захопленню окупантами одного з найбільших ядерних об’єктів Європи.
Artificial Intelligence for a Reduction of False Denials in Refugee Claims
Authors: Evans Cameron Hilary , Goldfarb Avi , Morris Leah 
Published: March 2023

<p>Deciding refugee claims is a paradigm case of an inherently uncertain judgment and prediction exercise. Yet refugee status decision-makers may underestimate the uncertainty inherent in their decisions. A feature of recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) is the ability to make uncertainty visible. By making clear to refugee status decision-makers how uncertain their predictions are, AI and related statistical tools could help to reduce their confidence in their conclusions. Currently, this would only hurt claimants, since many countries around the world have designed their refugee status determination systems using inductive inference which distorts risk assessment. Increasing uncertainty would therefore contribute to mistaken rejections. If, however, international refugee law was to recognize an obligation under the UN Convention to resolve decision-making doubt in the claimant’s favour and use abductive inference, as Evans Cameron has advocated, then by making uncertainty visible, AI could help reduce the number of wrong denied claims. </p>
Pelatihan Senam Pinguin bagi Guru PAUD di Kecamatan Kuningan
Authors: Cahyati Nika , Charisma Islami Chitra 
Published: March 2023

Tujuan Pelaksanaan program pengabdian masyarakat berupa pelatihan senam pinguin adalah untuk meningkatkan kompetensi guru dalam bidang motorik kasar, agar dapat menciptakan, mengembangkan dan mengimplementasikan senam pinguin. Pelatihan ini dilaksanakan pada guru di HIMPAUDI Kecamatan Kuningan. Persoalan ini dikarenakan kegiatan senam yang menarik minat anak masih jarang digunakan di lembaga PAUD . Solusi dari permasalahan tersebut adalah dilaksanakannya pelatihan senam pinguin. Kegiatan ini terdiri dari tahapan observasi, koordinasi dengan HIMPAUDI, pelaksanaan pelatihan dan evaluasi kegiatan.
Age at Orchidopexy for Undescended Testes: How Far Beyond Are We From Guidelines?
Authors: Chowdhury Tanvir Kabir , Sarwar Md Khurshid Alam , Khastagir Rajib , Sajid Md Minhajuddin , Farhad Tanzil , Sadia Ayesha , Farooq Md Abdullah Al 
Published: March 2023

Background : Recommendations for age at orchidopexy for Undescended Testis (UDT) have changed from time to time in accordance with change of knowledge regarding its pathology and prognostic features. In most developed countries, recommendation for ideal time of orchidopexy is between six months to one year. This study investigates the age of patients who underwent orchidopexy for undescended testis in this institute to assess the current trend of age at orchidopexy in this region.
Materials and methods : This is a retrospective study carried out in the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Chittagong Medical College Hospital from January 2017 to December 2019. Patients of UDT who visited the outpatient department, admitted in this ward or underwent orchidopexy in this department were retrospectively evaluated from hospital records, operating theatre register, patient files and admission profile and departmental audits. Number of patients, side of involvement and age distribution were calculated.
Results: A total of 218 patients of UDT attended OPD (1.91% of total OPD) 96 patients were admitted (1.33 % of all admissions) and 82 patients underwent orchidopexy (1.48 % of total surgeries) during the study period. Age at orchidopexy ranged from 8 months to 12 years with a median age of 5 year 11 months. Only 5 patients (6.10 %) underwent orchidopexy at the recommended time of between 6 months to one year.
Conclusion: Many patients attended OPD after the recommended age and many underwent surgery at a later age which increases their risk of malignancy and testicular atrophy.
JCMCTA 2019 ; 30 (2) : 47-51
Comparison of the efficacy and safety of picosecond Nd:YAG laser (1,064 nm), picosecond alexandrite laser (755 nm) and 2% hydroquinone cream in the treatment of melasma: A randomized, controlled, assessor-blinded trial
Authors: Liang Surong , Shang Shuai , Zhang Wensi , Tan Ansheng , Zhou Boyang , Mei Xueling , Li Linfeng 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundIncreasing numbers of studies demonstrated that picosecond lasers (Picos) were effective and safe for melasma. However, A limited number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding Picos contribute to a modest level of evidence. Topical hydroquinone (HQ) remains to be the first-line therapy.ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy and safety of non-fractional picosecond Nd:YAG laser (PSNYL), non-fractional picosecond alexandrite laser (PSAL), and 2% HQ cream in the treatment of melasma.MethodSixty melasma patients with Fitzpatrick skin types (FST) III-IV were randomly assigned to the PSNY, PSAL, and HQ groups at a 1:1:1 ratio. Patients in PSNYL and PSAL groups received 3 laser sessions at 4-week intervals. The 2% HQ cream was applied twice daily for 12 weeks in patients of the HQ group. The primary outcome, the melasma area and severity index (MASI) score, was evaluated at weeks 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24. The patient assessment score by quartile rating scale was rated at weeks 12, 16, 20, and 24.ResultsFifty-nine (98.3%) subjects were included in the analysis. Each group showed significant change from baseline in MASI scores from week 4 to week 24. The MASI score in the PSNYL group showed the greatest reduction compared to the PSAL group (p = 0.016) and HQ group (p = 0.018). The PSAL group demonstrated comparable MASI improvement as the HQ group (p = 0.998). The PSNYL group had the highest patient assessment score, followed by the PSAL group and then the HQ group, although only the differences between PSNYL and HQ groups at weeks 12 and 16 were significant. Four patients (6.8%) experienced recurrence. Other unanticipated events were transient and subsided after 1 week to 6 months.ConclusionThe efficacy of non-fractional PSNYL was superior to that of non-fractional PSAL, which was not inferior to 2% HQ, thus non-fractional Picos providing an alternative for melasma patients with FSTs III-IV. The safety profiles of PSNYL, PSAL, and 2% HQ cream were similar.Clinical Trial Registrationhttps://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=130994, ChiCTR2100050089.
The mediating role of early maladaptive schemas on the relationship between illness perception and pain coping strategies among adolescents diagnosed with migraine
Authors: Kayar Ozan , Altinoğlu Dikmeer İlkiz , Güler Aksu Gülen , Toros Fevziye , Özge Aynur 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the mediating role of early maladaptive schemas on the relationship between illness-related perceptions and pain coping strategies among adolescents diagnosed with migraine.Material and methodsA total of 134 adolescents (aged 12–18 years) diagnosed with migraine with and without aura participated in the study. The Illness Perception Questionnaire, the Pain Coping Questionnaire, and the Early Maladaptive Schema Questionnaires Set for Children and Adolescents were used.ResultsThe intensity of using desperate ways of coping with pain was higher among adolescents who perceive migraine as a chronic disease (β = 0.199, p &lt; 0.05) even if they have episodic attacks and who have higher levels of coherency in understanding the illness (β = 0.256, p &lt; 0.01). First, full mediations of over-vigilance/inhibition and impaired autonomy/performance schema domains on these relations were observed. Second, the increases in negative cognitive (β = 0.199, p &lt; 0.05) and emotional (β = 0.280, p &lt; 0.01) representations related to the consequences of the illness lead to an increase in the uncontrolled and frequent use of analgesic drugs where the partial mediating role of over-vigilance/inhibition schema domain on this correlation is observed. The perceptions about the negative as well as serious consequences of migraine are related to both the self-active behaviors (β = 0.181, p &lt; 0.05) and the conscious cognitive attempts (β = 0.207, p &lt; 0.05) as effective coping strategies, which is an unexpected finding. The disconnection/rejection schema domain had a full mediation role on both relations.ConclusionThe results suggest that early maladaptive schemas are essential factors that affect the migraine coping processes of adolescents.
Vigilance decrement and mind-wandering in sustained attention tasks: Two sides of the same coin?
Authors: Martínez-Pérez Víctor , Andreu Almudena , Sandoval-Lentisco Alejandro , Tortajada Miriam , Palmero Lucía B. , Castillo Alejandro , Campoy Guillermo , Fuentes Luis J. 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundDecrements in performance and the propensity for increased mind-wandering (i.e., task-unrelated thoughts) across time-on-task are two pervasive phenomena observed when people perform vigilance tasks. In the present study, we asked whether processes that lead to vigilance decrement and processes that foster the propensity for mind-wandering (MW) can be dissociated or whether they share a common mechanism. In one experiment, we introduced two critical manipulations: increasing task demands and applying anodal high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.MethodSeventy-eight participants were randomly assigned to one of four groups resulting from the factorial combination of task demand (low, high) and stimulation (anodal, sham). Participants completed the sustained attention to response task (SART), which included thought probes on intentional and unintentional MW. In addition, we investigated the crucial role of alpha oscillations in a novel approach. By assessing pre-post resting EEG, we explored whether participants’ variability in baseline alpha power predicted performance in MW and vigilance decrement related to tDCS or task demands, respectively, and whether such variability was a stable characteristic of participants.ResultsOur results showed a double dissociation, such that task demands exclusively affected vigilance decrement, while anodal tDCS exclusively affected the rate of MW. Furthermore, the slope of the vigilance decrement function and MW rate (overall, intentional and unintentional) did not correlate. Critically, resting state alpha-band activity predicted tDCS-related gains in unintentional MW alone, but not in vigilance decrement, and remained stable after participants completed the task.ConclusionThese results show that when a sustained attention task involving executive vigilance, such as the SART, is designed to elicit both vigilance decrement effects and MW, the processes leading to vigilance decrement should be differentiated from those responsible for MW, a claim that is supported by the double dissociation observed here and the lack of correlation between the measures chosen to assess both phenomena. Furthermore, the results provide the first evidence of how individual differences in alpha power at baseline may be of crucial importance in predicting the effects of tDCS on MW propensity.
Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex dysfunction caused by a go/no-go task in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study
Authors: Wu Ting , Liu Xiaoli , Cheng Fang , Wang Shuai , Li Chang , Zhou Dongsheng , Zhang Wenwu 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundChildren with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) exhibit executive function deficits, which can be attributed to a dysfunction in the prefrontal region of the brain. Our study aims to evaluate the alteration of brain activity in children with ADHD during the administration of a go/no-go task using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in comparison to a control group containing typically developing (TD) children.Methods32 children with ADHD and 31 of their TD peers were recruited and asked to perform a go/no-go task while undergoing measurements, with the aim of detecting changes in average oxygenated hemoglobin signaling (Δavg oxy-Hb) via fNIRS in the prefrontal lobe.ResultsfNIRS data showed significant differences between the left and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortices, with a lower Δavg oxy-Hb change in the ADHD group compared to the TD group.ConclusionOur results indicate that brain dysfunction in children with ADHD is related to functional impairments in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The go/no-go task paired with fNIRS represents a useful measurement tool to assess prefrontal brain dysfunction in children struggling with ADHD.
The multiple factors of suboptimal early feeding practices among infants aged 0–5 months in Indonesia
Authors: Titaley Christiana Rialine , Wijayanti Ratna U. , Mu'asyaroh Anifatun , Ariawan Iwan 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundOptimal early infant feeding practices are critical to ensure adequate nutrition for infants’ growth and development. This study aimed to examine the determinants of suboptimal early feeding practices (i.e., delayed initiation of breastfeeding, prelacteal feeding, and non-exclusive breastfeeding) among infants aged 0–5 months in Indonesia.MethodsWe used data collected in the 2012 and 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Surveys. Analyses were conducted using information from 3,198 live-born singleton infants aged 0–5 months. The primary outcomes used were: (1) delayed initiation of breastfeeding in the first hour after birth, (2) prelacteal feeding in the first 3 days, and (3) non-exclusive breastfeeding in the last 24 h preceding the survey. Potential predictors analyzed were categorized into the environmental, household, maternal, pregnancy, delivery, and child characteristics. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors significantly associated with each outcome.ResultsApproximately 78,6% of infants aged 0–5 months in Indonesia had at least one of the three suboptimal early infant feeding practices. We found a strong association between the three outcome indicators analyzed. The determinants of delayed initiation of breastfeeding included infants from Sumatera region (adjusted odds ratios (aOR) = 2.02, p &lt; 0.001), infants delivered by Cesarean section (aOR = 2.78, p &lt; 0.001), and in non-health facilities (aOR = 1.53, p = 0.003). The determinants of prelacteal feeding in the first 3 days included infants living in urban areas (aOR = 1.32, p = 0.035), the first birth-ranked infants (aOR = 1.32, p = 0.019), and infants who had delayed initiation of breastfeeding in the first hour of life (aOR = 3.90, p &lt; 0.001). The determinants of non-exclusive breastfeeding in the last 24 h included infants whose mothers worked in non-agricultural fields (aOR = 1.52, p &lt; 0.001), infants delivered by Cesarean section (aOR = 1.33, p = 0.044), and the first birth-ranked infants (aOR = 1.28, p = 0.039).ConclusionThere was a high percentage of infants aged 0–5 months who had suboptimal feeding practices in Indonesia. As we found multiple factors associated with suboptimal early feeding practices among infants, integrated approaches, including health promotion and supportive public policy, are required to ensure infants receive adequate nutrition in the early stages of life.
Fish waste to sustainable additives: Fish protein hydrolysates alleviate intestinal dysbiosis and muscle atrophy induced by poultry by-product meal in Lates calcarifer juvenile
Authors: Chaklader Md Reaz , Howieson Janet , Foysal Md Javed , Hanif Md Abu , Abdel-Latif Hany M.R. , Fotedar Ravi 
Published: March 2023

Valorising waste from the processing of fishery and aquaculture products into functional additives, and subsequent use in aquafeed as supplements could be a novel approach to promoting sustainability in the aquaculture industry. The present study supplemented 10% of various fish protein hydrolysates (FPHs), obtained from the hydrolysis of kingfish (KH), carp (CH) and tuna (TH) waste, with 90% of poultry by-product meal (PBM) protein to replace fishmeal (FM) completely from the barramundi diet. At the end of the trial, intestinal mucosal barriers damage, quantified by villus area (VA), lamina propria area (LPA), LPA ratio, villus length (VL), villus width (VW), and neutral mucin (NM) in barramundi fed a PBM-based diet was repaired when PBM was supplemented with various FPHs (p &lt; 0.05, 0.01, and 0.001). PBM-TH diet further improved these barrier functions in the intestine of fish (p &lt; 0.05 and 0.001). Similarly, FPHs supplementation suppressed PBM-induced intestinal inflammation by controlling the expression of inflammatory cytokines (tnf-α and il-10; p &lt; 0.05 and 0.001) and a mucin-relevant production gene (i-mucin c; p &lt; 0.001). The 16S rRNA data showed that a PBM-based diet resulted in dysbiosis of intestinal bacteria, supported by a lower abundance of microbial diversity (p &lt; 0.001) aligned with a prevalence of Photobacterium. PBM-FPHs restored intestine homeostasis by enhancing microbial diversity compared to those fed a PBM diet (p &lt; 0.001). PBM-TH improved the diversity (p &lt; 0.001) further by elevating the Firmicutes phylum and the Ruminococcus, Faecalibacterium, and Bacteroides genera. Muscle atrophy, evaluated by fiber density, hyperplasia and hypertrophy and associated genes (igf-1, myf5, and myog), occurred in barramundi fed PBM diet but was repaired after supplementation of FPHs with the PBM (p &lt; 0.05, 0.01, and 0.001). Similarly, creatine kinase, calcium, phosphorous, and haptoglobin were impacted by PBM-based diet (p &lt; 0.05) but were restored in barramundi fed FPHs supplemented diets (p &lt; 0.05 and 0.01). Hence, using circular economy principles, functional FPHs could be recovered from the fish waste applied in aquafeed formulations and could prevent PBM-induced intestinal dysbiosis and muscular atrophy.GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
A novel inflammation-related prognostic model for predicting the overall survival of primary central nervous system lymphoma: A real-world data analysis
Authors: Wu Zhentian , Wang Chenyi , Lyu Yao , Lin Zheshen , Lu Ming , Wang Shixiong , Wang Bingxuan , Yang Na , Li Yeye , Wang Jianhong , Duan Xiaohui , Zhang Na , Gao Jing , Zhang Yuan , Hao Miaowang , Wang Zhe , Gao Guangxun , Liang Rong 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundPrimary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a type of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Although there are widely used prognostic scores, their accuracy and practicality are insufficient. Thus, a novel prognostic prediction model was developed for risk stratification of PCNSL patients in our research.MethodsWe retrospectively collected 122 patients with PCNSL from two medical centers in China from January 2010 to June 2022. Among them, 72 patients were used as the development cohort to construct a new model, and 50 patients were used for the validation. Then, by using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analsis and Lasso analysis, the Xijing model was developed and composed of four variables, including lesion number, β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) and Karnofsky performance status (KPS). Finally, we evaluated the Xijing model through internal and external validation.ResultsCompared with the original prognostic scores, the Xijing model has an overall improvement in predicting the prognosis of PCNSL according to the time-dependent area under the curve (AUC), Harrell’s concordance index (C-index), decision curve analysis (DCA), integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) and continuous net reclassification index (NRI). For overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), the Xijing model can divide PCNSL patients into three groups, and shows more accurate stratification ability. In addition, the Xijing model can still stratify and predict prognosis similarly better in the elderly with PCNSL and subgroups received high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) or Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKi). Finally, external validation confirmed the above results.ConclusionsIntegrating four prognostic factors, including imaging findings, tumor burden, systemic inflammation response index, and comprehensive physical condition, we provided a novel prognostic model for PCNSL based on real-world data and evaluated its predictive capacity.
Case report: Surgical treatment of a primary giant epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the spine with total en-bloc spondylectomy
Authors: Ge Wanbao , Qu Yuan , Hou Tingting , Zhang Jiayin , Li Qiuju , Yang Lili , Cao Lanqing , Li Jindong , Zhang Shanyong 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundEpithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is an extremely uncommon malignant neoplasm that originates from vascular endothelial or pre-endothelial cells. In this report, we present the case of patient who was diagnosed with a primary giant EHE of the spine and underwent treatment with total en-bloc spondylectomy (TES).Case presentationA 43-year-old male patient with a history of he presented to our hospital with chronic and progressive back pain. Physical examination revealed weakened sensation of acupuncture and touch on the left costal arch, while relatively normal neurological functions were preserved. Radiological examinations identified a giant destructive soft tissue lesion occupying the T8 vertebral region, with moderate destruction of the pedicle and lamina, as well as the 7th left rib. A preoperative biopsy of the 8th vertebra resulted in a diagnosis of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma(EHE). Postoperative immunohistochemical and pathological reports confirmed the presence of EHE in the left ribs and T8 ribs. The patient underwent resection of the 7th left rib and posterior pedicle screw fixation with 8 pairs of screws and a titanium mesh cage. Subsequently, thoracic en bloc spondylectomy was performed on the T8 vertebra. The patient did not receive radiation or chemotherapy following surgery. Over a period of 3 years, the patient remained free of disease and relapse.ConclusionThe use of transarterial embolization with spherical embolic agents (TES) has been demonstrated to be a safe, effective, and reliable treatment option for hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE). Nevertheless, it is crucial to conduct long-term follow-up of this patient in order to assess their clinical outcome.