bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Survey on the Management of Anomalous Aortic Origins of the Coronary Arteries Anomalous
Authors: Rauf Hareem , Zhang Xiao , Hokanson John S. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: The management of patients with an anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery (AAOCA) remains controversial despite the publication of the 2017 American Association for Thoracic Surgery (AATS) expert guidelines.
Methods: We surveyed the American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery and the Pediheart.net online community regarding their care of patients with anomalous origins of the right or left coronary from the opposite cusp with inter-arterial courses and compared them to the AATS guidelines
Results: We received 111 complete responses. Four notable variations from the AATS recommendations were identified. Respondents were more likely to use ECG exercise testing than the stress imaging recommended in the AATS guidelines.
For a 16-year-old with AAOCA, recommendations for surgery generally followed the AATS guidelines. However, for asymptomatic left AAOCA without signs of ischemia on stress imaging, only 69.4% felt surgery was appropriate or somewhat appropriate.
In the setting of a 16-year-old with right AAOCA free from signs or symptoms of ischemia, respondents were more likely to recommend surgery if the patient was a competitive athlete, a topic not directly addressed in the AATS guidelines.
After surgical treatment of AAOCA, only 24% of respondents recommended lifelong antiplatelet therapy despite recommendations for this in the AATS guidelines.
Conclusion: Respondents recommendations were generally consistent with the 2017 AATS guidelines but with important variations in the use of stress imaging, indications for surgery in asymptomatic left AAOCA, the impact of identification as a competitive athlete and duration of postoperative antiplatelet therapy.
CRISPR/Cas9 screening reveals that ASB2 inhibits p53-dependent ferroptosis to mediates Lenvatinib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Sun Guoqiang , Chen Zhiqiang , Wang Yuliang , Cao Hengsong , Huang Tian , Liu Chuan , Rong Dawei , Dai Mingrui , Liu Hanyuan , Li Xiao , Sun Guangshun , Kong Jie , Xia Yongxiang , Feng Tingting , Tang Weiwei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground Lenvatinib is in a first-line therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its resistance is one of the main obstacles to treatment failure. The molecular mechanism of Lenvatinib resistance has not been well explored. Methods Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screening system was developed and bioinformatic analysis was used to identify key genes associated with Lenvatinib resistance in HCC. Whole transcriptome sequencing including coding and non-coding RNAs has also been performed in Lenvatinib resistance and sensitive HCC cells. Co-immunoprecipitation, confocal localization, western blot, immunofluorescence and other experiments were employed to assess the role of ASB2 in Lenvatinib resistance. Results ASB2 was found to be significantly increased at the mRNA and protein levels in Lenvatinib resistant HCC cells. ASB2 knockdown inhibited HCC Lenvatinib resistance cell proliferation, invasion and migration. Mechanistically, ASB2 activated NF-κB pathway by promoting IκBα ubiquitination and inhibited ferroptosis by promoting P53 ubiquitination and then mediated Lenvatinib resistance in HCC. Interestingly, NOTCH1 was shown to transcriptionly promote ASB2 expression and regulate NF-κB as well as ferroptosis pathways to induce Lenvatinib resistance in HCC. In further clinical translation, we found that Venetoclax could bind to ASB2 through a virtual screen of protein potential binding small molecules, and confirmed that Venetoclax and Lenvatinib combined significantly inhibited the progression of HCC, and the efficacy was better than Lenvatinib alone in vitro and vivo. Conclusion This study reveals that ASB2 which was transcriptionly promoted by NOTCH1, activated NF-κB pathway by promoting IκBα ubiquitination and inhibited ferroptosis by promoting P53 ubiquitination and mediated HCC Lenvatinib-resistance based on CRISPR/Cas9 screening. Venetoclax can potentially inhibit the function of ASB2 and the combination of Venetoclax and Lenvatinib can significantly inhibit the progression of HCC, which provides new targets and specific strategies for the treatment of HCC Lenvatinib-resistance, bringing new hope and benefits to HCC patients.
Transcriptome analysis reveals flower development and the role of hormones in three flower types of grapevine
Authors: Han Kai , Ji Wei , Luo Yaoxing , Zhang Xiaoping , Kana Nami , Ma Xiaohe 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The molecular mechanism of flower development and sexual differentiation, which is an intricate process, still unclear in Vitisplants. In this study, we performed the transcriptome analysis by high-throughput sequencing to measure gene expression at three stages in male, female and hermaphrodite grape flowers, and in combination with the fluctuation of hormones (ABA, IAA, BR, GA3, and JA) to understand the gene function and molecular basis of developmental processes in Vitis flowers. The results showed that more than 581 million clean reads were generated from all samples and average 83% reads were mapped on the Vitis vinifera genome. More, quite a large number of genes were differentially expressed between different stages within and across cultivars and various transcription factor families involved were identified in flower development. The genes belonging to MYB, bHLH, ERF, NAC and WRKY have more numbers than other TF families. Further, we analyzed the correlation of those hormones with 165 DEGs (including 36 TF genes). The results suggested that those genes might play important roles in sex differentiation during flower development and a unique opportunity to increase the efficiency of crossbreeding in Vitis plant.
Mosaic evolution of grasping and genitalic traits in two sympatric scorpion species with reproductive interference
Authors: Oviedo-Diego Mariela , Mattoni Camilo , Bollatti Fedra , Soto Eduardo M. , Peretti Alfredo V. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Reproductive interference (RI) can occur when two related species coexist in sympatry, involving sexual attraction, mating, and even hybridization between heterospecifics. Consequently, reproductive key characters of these species may suffer morphological shifts in sympatry to avoid the success of heterospecific sexual interactions, a phenomenon known as reproductive character displacement (RCD). RCD can be promoted by natural selection, although sexual selection pressures can act synergistically or agonistically so that phenotypic variation can respond in different directions and magnitudes to these forces. In turn, the size and shape of characters may respond differentially (mosaic evolution) to these pressures, so the analysis of multiple dimensions in traits is essential to understand the complexity of their phenotypic variability. To date, there are no studies evaluating this topic in scorpions, and two species (Urophonius brachycentrus and U. achalensis) sympatric and synchronous with RI represent an ideal model to evaluate the phenotypic variation and occurrence of RCD. In addition, the populations of these species are found in an altitudinal cline, so environmental factors may also be responsible for explaining their morphological variation. We compared the intra-specific variation, the size and shape of multiple characters involved in courtship, and sperm transfer in individuals from sympatric and allopatric populations using geometric morphometrics. We found asymmetric RCD of several sexual characters for courtship success (grasping structures) and sperm transfer (genital characters). This would evidence the action of natural selection pressures and the existence of a possible mechanism to avoid heterospecific mating success. In addition, we found a pattern of asymmetric morphological variation where one species in the sympatric zone suffered an increase in size in several characters due to environmental factors (pattern of morphological convergence). The convergence of characters combined with RI and a scramble competition mating system could intensify sexual selection pressures on specific characters, which was reflected in their high coefficients of variation. Our results suggest that in this sympatric zone, several selective regimes act differentially on various dimensions of the characters evaluated, which would support a possible mosaic evolution. This comprehensive study illuminates the complexity inherent in the evolution of multi-functional traits in a previously unexplored model, providing novel insights for evaluating traits under multiple selective pressures in animal systems experimenting RI.
Analgesic effect of perineural injection of BoNT/A on neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve in rats
Authors: He Juanjuan , Wei Xiaomei , Wu Mengli , Song Zubiao , Jiang Li , Zhang Wei-xi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the analgesic effect of perineural injection of BoNT/A on neuropathic pain induced by sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury (CCI) and possible mechanisms. SD rats were randomly divided into Sham group, CCI group and BoNT/A group. Paw mechanical withdrawal threshold (pMWT) and paw thermal withdrawal latency (pTWL) of each group were detected at different time points after surgery. The expression of myelin markers, autophagy markers and NLRP3 inflammasome-related molecules in injured sciatic nerves were examined at 12 days after surgery. Moreover, C-fiber evoked potential in spinal dorsal horn was recorded. The expression of SNAP-25, neuroinflammation and synaptic plasticity in spinal dorsal horn of each group was examined. Then rats treated with BoNT/A were randomly divided into DMSO group and Wnt agonist group to further explore the regulatory effect of BoNT/A on Wnt pathway. We found that pMWT and pTWL of ipsilateral paw were significantly decreased in CCI group compared with Sham group, which could be improved by perineural injection of BoNT/A at days 7, 9 and 12 after surgery. The peripheral mechanisms of perineural injection of BoNT/A may be related to the protective effect on myelin sheath by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome and promoting autophagy flow, while the central mechanisms may be associated with inhibition of neuroinflammation and synaptic plasticity in spinal dorsal horn due to its ability to inhibit SNAP-25 and Wnt pathway. As a new route of administration, perineural injection of BoNT/A can relieve CCI induced neuropathic pain probably via both peripheral and central mechanisms.
Piloting a discrete choice experiment-style task to elicit treatment preferences in Geographic Atrophy
Authors: Enoch Jamie , Ghulakhszian Arevik , Sekhon Mandeep , Crabb David P. , Taylor Deanna J. , Dinah Christiana 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective: Geographic Atrophy (GA) is the advanced form of the non-neovascular (‘dry’) type of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and responsible for one-quarter of legal blindness in the UK. While no approved treatment for GA currently exists, new therapies delivered by intravitreal injection are in late-stage development. These therapies slow down, but do not stop or reverse, progression of GA, but may also increase the risk of developing the neovascular (‘wet’) type of AMD.
Within a larger study exploring the acceptability of these new treatments to people living with GA, we developed a discrete choice experiment (DCE)-style exercise to evaluate how participants weigh up benefits and drawbacks of different treatment regimens. This research note reports quantitative and qualitative findings from this exercise.
Results: Twenty-eight participants took part in this DCE-style exercise. The exercise demonstrated that participants were generally, although not unanimously, in favour of less frequent treatment for GA that was slightly less efficacious in terms of preserving visual function but presented a lower risk of developing wet AMD.
Even among a small sample, the exercise demonstrated the highly personal and idiosyncratic decision-making processes influencing participants’ choices of preferred hypothetical GA treatment.
Assessment the predictability in the price dynamics for top ten cryptocurrencies: The impacts of Russia-Ukraine war
Authors: de Araujo Fernando Henrique Antunes , Fernandes Leonardo H. S. , Silva José W. L. , Sobrinho Kleber E. S. , Tabak Benjamin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This paper has investigated the predictability of the top ten cryptocurrencies’ price dynamics, ranked by their daily market capitalization and trade volume, via the information theory quantifiers. Our analysis considers the Complexity-entropy causality plane to study the temporal evolution of the price of these cryptocurrencies and their respective locations along this 2D map, bearing in mind after and during the Russia-Ukraine war. Moreover, we apply the permutation entropy and the Jensen-Shannon statistical complexity measure to rank these cryptocurrencies similarly to a complexity hierarchy. Our findings reflect that the Russian-Ukraine war affects the informational efficiency of cryptocurrency dynamics. Specifically, the cryptocurrencies notably showed a decrease in informational inefficiency (USD-coin, Binance-USD, BNB, Dogecoin, and XRP). At the same time, the cryptocurrencies with more expressiveness for the financial market, considering the volume traded and the capitalized market, were strongly impacted, presenting an increase in informational inefficiency (Tether, Cardano, Ethereum, and Bitcoin). It clarifies the potential of cryptocurrencies to mitigate exogenous shocks and their capability to use with portfolio selection, risk diversification and herding behaviour.
Eco Friendly Conversion of Food Waste to Biogas Through Anaerobic Process
Authors: Ali Akbar , Akbar Haroon , Sartaj Zeeshan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We will create biogas energy. When we breakdown organics things in scientific way and oxygen eliminate them this method work with us under the principle of renewable energy. The way we create energy from other natural resources, for example, the way we generate energy from the sun, wind and water. So like in this way we will also get energy from the food waste. But waste that biodegradable. It is including many types of waste, such as animal waste, plant waste and human waste. When we pass the waste from the scientific procedure (anaerobic process). So they give us biogas. The biogas include other as such as methane (CH4) carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen sulphate (H2S) include small amount siloxanes and moisture. Biogas we can use in different forms for example, fuel, heat and electricity etc. but mostly use for heating purpose So, the food waste is a critical subject for the administration of Pakistan. In this regard, existing waste management companies tried their best to solve the existing problem due to many reasons. So we trying to collect the data 5 UCs of the Mardan city with the help of our municipal department. This study of food waste convert into Biogas. So we trying to collect data from maximum 5 UCS per (kg/C/day). Percentage of various waste components in order to percentage of recyclables. Particularly for predicting potential of revenue generation.
Prevalence and Determinants of Hypothyroidism in Patients on Routine Hemodialysis in Somalia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Adani Abdulkamil Abdullahi , Siyad Mohamed Osman , Adan Abdisamad Mohamed , Jeele Mohamed Osman Omar 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroduction:In recent decades, the relationship between thyroid and renal disease has drawn considerable attention. We aim to assess the prevalence and risk factors of hypothyroidism in hemodialysis patients in Somalia.Materials and Methods:This is a cross-sectional study which was conducted in the hemodialysis unit of Mogadishu Somalia Turkish Training and Research Hospital, between June 1 and July, 31 2022. 301 patients who are routinely going to hemodialysis were included in the study. Demographic data including age, gender, and data regarding hemodialysis were extracted from hospital information system (HIS). All participants had their thyroid function test measured before hemodialysis sessions.Results:A total of 301 patients, their ages ranged from 40 to 66 years, with the median age being 54 (IQR= 40-66). Males were 167 (55.5%) compared to females 134 (44.5%). Hypertension was the most common comorbidity among the patients with 137 (45.5%). Diabetic nephropathy was the most common cause of renal failure in 138 patients (45.84%) followed by hypertensive nephropathy 100 (33.22%). The prevalence rate of hypothyroidism in hemodialysis patients in our study was 28%. In hypothyroidism patients 57.8% had subclinical hypothyroidism and 42.2% had overt hypothyroidism. 70.8% of our patients were in euthyroid status. Subclinical hypothyroidism was commonly seen in patients with diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease. We found that increasing age, decreased albumin level were related to higher risk of subclinical hypothyroidism. We also found that increasing creatinine levels were associated with lower risk of overt hypothyroidism.Conclusion:Increased age and low albumin level was associated with the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in hemodialysis patients. Also low creatinine level was observed in overt hypothyroidism patients.
Turbulence in the mixed layer over an urban area: a New York City case study
Authors: Rios Gabriel , Ramamurthy Prathap 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study examines the turbulence characteristics of the boundary layer over New York City. Understanding the urban boundary layer characteristics is key to forecasting weather in cities, where most people live. Although extensive research into urban boundary layer (UBL) processes have been carried out in the past decades, majority of these studies focussed on the urban surface layer; our understanding of urban mixed layer characteristics is still incomplete. Here we use Doppler lidar observations from multiple sites in New York City to study turbulent properties in the UBL and their relationship to the heterogeneous urban surface. All three sites were influenced by different levels of urbanization. Our analysis shows vertical stratification in momentum transport during non-neutral stability periods. The analysis over multiple sites reveal a degree of homogeneity in mixed layer characteristics, especially during extreme heat episodes. The spectral analysis show high variability in normalized energy density at different heights.
Perioperative fasting and feeding in adults, obstetric, pediatric and bariatric population
Authors: Alhariri Durrah , Rakmani Najwa 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction:

Clinical practice guidelines provide recommendations for discontinuation of solid food and liquids prior to elective diagnostic or surgical procedures which performed under deep hypnosis or anesthesia (regional or general) and resumption of oral feeding in the post-operative period. To reduce the incidence and severity of aspiration pneumonia and other complications (such as hypotension during induction of anesthesia), to prevent delays or cancellations of surgical procedures and also to obtain better patient outcomes.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted on medical students in the sixth year in private and public Syrian universities through the use of a questionnaire that asked about the students' knowledge of the American Association guidelines for fasting periods for solids and liquids in adults and children patients before surgery and their knowledge of the importance of fasting before surgery and their knowledge of the protocol for enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS). Some statistical tests were performed and p values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results:

Of the 215 students studied, 184 are studying in private universities and 26 in public universities, 106 (50.2%) had a good level of knowledge about the importance of fasting and the American Association's guidelines for fasting periods. As for the enhanced recovery after surgery protocol, 111 (51.6%) had good knowledge. Subjects with good knowledge of the enhanced recovery after surgery protocol had good knowledge of the importance and duration of preoperative fasting periods 1.7 times more than subjects with poor knowledge of the enhanced recovery after surgery protocol.

Conclusion:

This research focuses on the knowledge of sixth year medical students, who will start the field of practice, about the periods of fasting before surgery and its importance and the protocol of the enhanced recovery after surgery because of its importance in managing patients surgically, especially for surgeons, anesthesiologists and internal medicine specialists.
Modeling the convective component of the heat flow from a spill fire at railway accidence
Authors: Abramov Yuriy , Basmanov Oleksii , Oliinik Volodymyr , Khmyrov Ihor , Khmyrova Anastasiia 
Published: January 2023

A significant number of emergencies that occur in the chemical, processing and transport industries begin with an accidental spill and ignition of a flammable liquid. In this case, the spread of fire to neighboring objects is of particular danger. When developing fire protection measures in areas where flammable liquids are stored, as a rule, heat transfer from a fire only by radiation is taken into account. But in some cases, the convection component of the heat flow can make a significant contribution to the overall heat transfer. Ignoring it can lead to an erroneous assessment of the safety of an industrial facility. In the paper, a model of the distribution of velocity and temperature in the upward flow, rising above the spill of a burning liquid, is constructed. The model is based on the system of Navier-Stokes equations, which, by means of simplifications, is reduced to a non-linear second-order differential equation of the parabolic type. The properties of the combustion site determine the boundary conditions of the first kind. In this case, the spill of a flammable liquid can have any shape. The presence of wind is taken into account by introducing a stable horizontal component of the flow velocity.
For the numerical solution of the equation, the method of completed differences is used. The dependence of the kinematic viscosity on the flow temperature is taken into account. An empirical formula is used as the relationship between temperature and speed. It is shown that the presence of wind leads to an inclination of the ascending flow. The angle of inclination is not constant and increases with distance from the combustion source due to a decrease in speed and cooling of the flow. An estimate of the coefficient of convection heat transfer convection of the tank wall with ascending flows over the combustion source is constructed. It is shown that the coefficient of convection heat transfer increases with increasing wind speed