bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The activation of SIRT1 ameliorates BPDE‐induced inflammatory damage in BEAS‐2B cells via HMGB1/TLR4/NF‐κB pathway
Authors: Lei Yanting , Zhu Yonghang , Mallah Manthar Ali , Lu Ping , Yang Liu , He Xi , Shang Pingping , Chen Yusong , Zhou Xiaolei , Feng Feifei , Zhang Qiao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBenzo(a)pyrene‐7,8‐dihydrodiol‐9,10‐epoxide (BPDE), the metabolite of environmental pollutant benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) could induce pulmonary toxicity and inflammation. SIRT1, an NAD+ ‐dependent histone deacetylase, is known to regulate inflammation in the occurrence and development of various diseases, but its effects on BPDE‐induced acute lung injury are still unknown. The present study aimed to explore the role of SIRT1 in BPDE‐induced acute lung injury. Here, human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells (BEAS‐2B) cells were stimulated with BPDE at different concentrations (0.50, 0.75, and 1.00 μmol/L) for 24 h, we found that the levels of cytokines in the supernatant were increased and the expression of SIRT1 in cells was down‐regulated, at the same time, BPDE stimulation up‐regulated the protein expression of HMGB1, TLR4, and p‐NF‐κBp65 in BEAS‐2B cells. Then the activator and inhibitor of SIRT1 were used before BPDE exposure, it was shown that the activation of SIRT1 significantly attenuated the levels of inflammatory cytokines and HMGB1, and reduced the expression of HMGB1, AC‐HMGB1, TLR4, and p‐NF‐κBp65 protein; while these results were reversed by the inhibition of SIRT1. This study revealed that the SIRT1 activation may protect against BPDE‐induced inflammatory damage in BEAS‐2B cells by regulating the HMGB1/TLR4/NF‐κB pathway.
The additive value of CA19.9 monitoring in a pancreatic cyst surveillance program
Authors: Levink Iris J. M. , Jaarsma Sanne C. , Koopmann Brechtje D. M. , van Riet Priscilla A. , Overbeek Kasper A. , Meziani Jihane , Sprij Marloes L. J. A. , Casadei Riccardo , Ingaldi Carlo , Polkowski Marcin , Engels Megan M. L. , van der Waaij Laurens A. , Carrara Silvia , Pando Elizabeth , Vornhülz Marlies , Honkoop Pieter , Schoon Erik J. , Laukkarinen Johanna , Bergmann Jilling F. , Rossi Gemma , van Vilsteren Frederike G. I. , van Berkel Anne‐Marie , Tabone Trevor , Schwartz Matthijs P. , Tan Adriaan C. I. T. L. , van Hooft Jeanin E. , Quispel Rutger , van Soest Ellert , Czacko Laszlo , Bruno Marco J. , Cahen Djuna L. ,   the PACYFIC‐registry work group
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundSurveillance of pancreatic cysts focuses on the detection of (mostly morphologic) features warranting surgery. European guidelines consider elevated CA19.9 as a relative indication for surgery. We aimed to evaluate the role of CA19.9 monitoring for early detection and management in a cyst surveillance population.MethodsThe PACYFIC‐registry is a prospective collaboration that investigates the yield of pancreatic cyst surveillance performed at the discretion of the treating physician. We included participants for whom at least one serum CA19.9 value was determined by a minimum follow‐up of 12 months.ResultsOf 1865 PACYFIC participants, 685 met the inclusion criteria for this study (mean age 67 years, SD 10; 61% female). During a median follow‐up of 25 months (IQR 24, 1966 visits), 29 participants developed high‐grade dysplasia (HGD) or pancreatic cancer. At baseline, CA19.9 ranged from 1 to 591 kU/L (median 10 kU/L [IQR 14]), and was elevated (≥37 kU/L) in 64 participants (9%). During 191 of 1966 visits (10%), an elevated CA19.9 was detected, and these visits more often led to an intensified follow‐up (42%) than those without an elevated CA19.9 (27%; p < 0.001). An elevated CA19.9 was the sole reason for surgery in five participants with benign disease (10%). The baseline CA19.9 value was (as continuous or dichotomous variable at the 37 kU/L threshold) not independently associated with HGD or pancreatic cancer development, whilst a CA19.9 of ≥ 133 kU/L was (HR 3.8, 95% CI 1.1–13, p = 0.03).ConclusionsIn this pancreatic cyst surveillance cohort, CA19.9 monitoring caused substantial harm by shortening surveillance intervals (and performance of unnecessary surgery). The current CA19.9 cutoff was not predictive of HGD and pancreatic cancer, whereas a higher cutoff may decrease false‐positive values. The role of CA19.9 monitoring should be critically appraised prior to implementation in surveillance programs and guidelines.
Enhancing heat transfer with 50%–50% water‐ethylene glycol hybrid nanofluid flow over a nonlinear stretching sheet
Authors: Sulochana Chalavadi , Kumar Tiruamala Prasanna 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this article thermophysical properties of nanoparticles with water‐ethylene glycol mixture and its impact in augmenting of heat transport is presented. Boundary layer flow over a stretching surface with simultaneous effects of viscous dissipation, radiation, electric and magnetic field are taken into account. Self‐similarity transformation is utilized to modify the flow governing equations into system of differential equations and solved by shooting method. Program code is validated with existing results in literature and results shows good agreement. Influence of various physical parameters are visualized and Nusselt number, skin friction quantities are computed. We have observed that application of electric field increases Nusselt number. Eckert number decreases the Nusselt number for both nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid.
Excursus: The Thorndyke Novels and the Language of Science
Authors: Link Sarah J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis brief excursus focuses on Austin Freeman’s detective Dr. Thorndyke and on the means by which lists construct knowledge that then awards the detective authority. In contrast to the texts discussed in previous chapters, the Thorndyke novels have their readers share the story world position of Thorndyke’s assistant, who is constantly amazed by Thorndyke’s deductive powers and, through him, by the explanatory power of science. Thorndyke incessantly emphasizes the importance of facts and data, but it is usually his lists of hypotheses (rather than any particular piece of evidence) that move the case forward. Thorndyke’s lists afford objectivity and mastery. The list form’s close entanglement with scientific practices helps to endow Thorndyke’s statements with authority and a veneer of scientificity.
Prospektive Vergleichsanalyse von CI-Patienten mit einseitiger Taubheit und asymmetrischem Hörverlust hinsichtlich der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität, Tinnitusbelastung und psychischen Komorbiditäten
Authors: Bassiouni Mohamed , Häußler Sophia Marie , Ketterer Manuel Christoph , Szczepek Agnieszka J. , Vater Jana , Hildebrandt Lynn , Gröschel Moritz , Olze Heidi 
Published: July 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Patient:innen mit einseitiger Taubheit („single-sided deafness“, SSD) und asymmetrischem Hörverlust („asymmetric hearing loss“, AHL) werden zunehmend mit Cochleaimplantaten (CI) versorgt, da eine Verbesserung der auditiven Fähigkeiten und der Lebensqualität nachgewiesen wurde. Bisher gibt es nur wenige Veröffentlichungen, in denen die beiden Gruppen vergleichend untersucht werden. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es zu prüfen, worin sich diese beiden Gruppen, insbesondere präoperativ, unterscheiden.

Methodik
Es handelt sich um eine statistische Sekundäranalyse bereits veröffentlichter Rohdaten von 66 CI-Patient:innen (21 SSD/45 AHL), die prospektiv in die Studie eingeschlossen wurden. Neben dem Sprachverstehen wurden Tinnitusbelastung (Tinnitusfragebogen), krankheitsspezifische Lebensqualität (Nijmegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire, NCIQ), Stressbelastung (Perceived Stress Questionnaire, PSQ) und psychische Komorbiditäten (Allgemeine Depressionsskala, ADS‑L, und Generalized-Anxiety-Disorder-Fragebogen, GAD-7) bei SSD- und AHL-Patient:innen prä- und postoperativ verglichen.

Ergebnisse
Präoperativ zeigte die SSD-Gruppe im NCIQ in den Subdomänen elementare und erweiterte Schallwahrnehmung signifikant höhere Werte als die AHL-Gruppe. Die Stressbelastung (PSQ) und die Angstsymptomatik (GAD-7) waren bei SSD-Patienten signifikant höher als bei AHL-Patient:innen. Diese Unterschiede waren 6 Monate postoperativ stark verringert und teils sogar nicht mehr signifikant.

Schlussfolgerung
Präoperativ unterscheiden sich SSD- und AHL-Patient:innen signifikant im Hinblick auf die subjektive Höreinschätzung und psychosoziale Parameter. Bei SSD-Patient:innen können psychische Belastungsfaktoren einen stärkeren Einfluss auf die gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität haben als bei AHL-Patient:innen. Diese Aspekte sollten in der präoperativen Beratung sowie in der postoperativen CI-Rehabilitation berücksichtigt werden.
Gefährdung durch Alltagschemikalien
Authors: Fischer Florence , Zenclussen Ana C. , Meyer Nicole 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungOb Bisphenole aus Plastikprodukten, per- und polyfluorierte Alkylsubstanzen (PFAS) aus Regenschutzkleidung oder Parabene aus Kosmetikprodukten – diese und weitere Chemikalien gelangen in jeden Haushalt und stellen eine potenzielle Gefahr für die Gesundheit dar, insbesondere während der sensiblen Phase der Schwangerschaft. Eine von uns durchgeführte Studie bestätigt den großen Bedarf an und den Wunsch von Frauen nach Aufklärung über Auswirkungen von Umweltchemikalien im Rahmen der Schwangerschaftsvorsorge.
Neural networks for inline segmentation of image data in punching processes
Authors: Lorenz Maximilian , Martin Robert J. , Bruecklmayr Thomas , Donhauser Christian , Pinzer Bernd R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPunching is a process that is sensitive to a multitude of parameters. The estimation of part and punch quality is often based on expert knowledge and trial-and-error methods, mostly carried out as a separate offline process analysis. In a previous study, we developed an optical inline monitoring system with subsequent image processing which showed promising results in terms of capturing every manufactured part, but was limited by slow image processing. Here, we present a more efficient image processing technique based on neural networks. For our approach, we manually identify the burnish parts in images based on criteria established via an expert survey in order to generate a training dataset. We then employ a combination of region-based and boundary-based losses to optimize the neural network towards a segmentation of the burnish surface which allows for an accurate measurement of the burnish height. The hyperparameter optimization is based on custom evaluation metrics that reflect the requirements of the burnish surface identification problem as well. After comparing different neural network architectures, we focus on optimizing the backbone of the UNet++ structure for our task. The promising results demonstrate that neural networks are indeed capable of an inline segmentation that can be used for measuring the burnish surface of punching parts.
Impacts of the COVID lockdown on household incomes: evidence from Punjab, India
Authors: Sanyal Anirban , Singh Nirvikar , Kapoor Rolly 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn response to the beginnings of the COVID-19 pandemic, India’s government instituted a severe nationwide lockdown in late March 2020. In this paper, we analyze household survey data on income from an Indian state, Punjab. We analyze the impacts of the pandemic and lockdown on total household income, as well as its components, including wages, business income and transfers. This paper innovates in this area by using Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood estimation to deal with the skewed distributions of various income components, as well as quantile regressions to examine differential impacts across the income distribution. We examine the differences between rural and urban households, differential impacts on female-headed and laborer households, and the time pattern of impacts. We find that rural households experienced more persistent income declines than urban households, and their wages suffered relatively more. Households with daily laborers were most badly affected, and this was especially true at the bottom of the income distribution.
Allicin and Omega-3 fatty acids attenuates acetaminophen mediated renal toxicity and modulates oxidative stress, and cell apoptosis in rats
Authors: Elsafty Moamen , Abdeen Ahmed , Aboubakr Mohamed 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAcetaminophen (APAP), a widely used medication known for its pain-relieving and fever-reducing effects, can cause kidney failure if taken in excess. To investigate the potential protective effects of allicin (ALC) and/or omega-3 fatty acids (O3FA) against acetaminophen-induced kidney damage, a study was conducted using 49 rats divided into seven groups. The control group was given saline, while the other groups received ALC, O3FA, APAP, ALC + APAP, O3FA + APAP, or ALC + O3FA + APAP. After administering APAP, the rats showed decreased levels of total protein and albumin in their blood, along with increased levels of creatinine and urea. The concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH), as well as the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), decreased, while the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the renal tissues increased. The activation of caspase-3 and HSP70 also suggested an impact on kidney histopathology. Overall, the study found that ALC and/or O3FA may have a protective impact against acetaminophen-induced kidney damage through their anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and antioxidant defense systems.
The maximal subgroups of the exceptional groups $F_{4}(q)$, $E_{6}(q)$ and $^{2}\!E_{6}(q)$ and related almost simple groups
Authors: Craven David A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article produces a complete list of all maximal subgroups of the finite simple groups of type $F_{4}$

F
4

, $E_{6}$

E
6

and twisted $E_{6}$

E
6

over all finite fields. Along the way, we determine the collection of Lie primitive almost simple subgroups of the corresponding algebraic groups. We give the stabilizers under the actions of outer automorphisms, from which one can obtain complete information about the maximal subgroups of all almost simple groups with socle one of these groups. We also provide a new maximal subgroup of $^{2}\!F_{4}(8)$

F
4

2

(
8
)
, correcting the maximal subgroups for that group from the list of Malle. This provides the first new exceptional groups of Lie type to have their maximal subgroups enumerated for three decades. The techniques are a mixture of algebraic groups, representation theory, computational algebra, and use of the trilinear form on the 27-dimensional minimal module for $E_{6}$

E
6

. We provide a collection of supplementary Magma files that prove the author’s computational claims, yielding existence and the number of conjugacy classes of all maximal subgroups mentioned in the text.
Impact of Unplanned Intra‐Operative Conversions on Outcomes in Minimally Invasive Pancreatoduodenectomy
Authors: Karunakaran Monish , Marshall‐Webb Matthew , Ullah Shahid , Barreto Savio George 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundMinimally‐invasive pancreatoduodenectomy (MIPD) is fraught with the risk of complication‐related deaths (LEOPARD‐2), a significant volume‐outcome relationship and a long learning curve. With rates of conversion for MIPD approaching 40%, the impact of these on overall patient outcomes, especially, when unplanned, are yet to be fully elucidated. This study aimed to compare peri‐operative outcomes of (unplanned) converted MIPD against both successfully completed MIPD and upfront open PD.MethodsA systematic review of major reference databases was undertaken. The primary outcome of interest was 30‐day mortality. Newcastle–Ottawa scale was used to judge the quality of the studies. Meta‐analysis was performed using pooled estimates, derived using random effects model.ResultsSix studies involving 20,267 patients were included in the review. Pooled analysis demonstrated (unplanned) converted MIPD were associated with an increased 30‐day (RR 2.83, CI 1.62‐ 4.93, p = 0.0002, I2 = 0%) and 90‐day (RR 1.81, CI 1.16‐ 2.82, p = 0.009, I2 = 28%) mortality and overall morbidity (RR 1.41, CI 1.09; 1.82, p = 0.0087, I2 = 82%) compared to successfully completed MIPD. Patients undergoing (unplanned) converted MIPD experienced significantly higher 30‐day mortality (RR 3.97, CI 2.07; 7.65, p < 0.0001,I2 = 0%), pancreatic fistula (RR 1.65, CI 1.22‐ 2.23, p = 0.001, I2 = 0%) and re‐exploration rates (RR 1.96, CI 1.17‐ 3.28,p = 0.01, I2 = 37%) compared upfront open PD.ConclusionsPatient outcomes are significantly compromised following unplanned intraoperative conversions of MIPD when compared to successfully completed MIPD and upfront open PD. These findings stress the need for objective evidence‐based guidelines for patient selection for MIPD.
Diverging trends and drivers of Arctic flower production in Greenland over space and time
Authors: Becker-Scarpitta Antoine , Antão Laura H. , Schmidt Niels Martin , Blanchet F. Guillaume , Kaarlejärvi Elina , Raundrup Katrine , Roslin Tomas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Arctic is warming at an alarming rate. While changes in plant community composition and phenology have been extensively reported, the effects of climate change on reproduction remain poorly understood. We quantified multidecadal changes in flower density for nine tundra plant species at a low- and a high-Arctic site in Greenland. We found substantial changes in flower density over time, but the temporal trends and drivers of flower density differed both between species and sites. Total flower density increased over time at the low-Arctic site, whereas the high-Arctic site showed no directional change. Within and between sites, the direction and rate of change differed among species, with varying effects of summer temperature, the temperature of the previous autumn and the timing of snowmelt. Finally, all species showed a strong trade-off in flower densities between successive years, suggesting an effective cost of reproduction. Overall, our results reveal region- and taxon-specific variation in the sensitivity and responses of co-occurring species to shared climatic drivers, and a clear cost of reproductive investment among Arctic plants. The ultimate effects of further changes in climate may thus be decoupled between species and across space, with critical knock-on effects on plant species dynamics, food web structure and overall ecosystem functioning.
Abdominal fat quantification using convolutional networks
Authors: Schneider Daniel , Eggebrecht Tobias , Linder Anna , Linder Nicolas , Schaudinn Alexander , Blüher Matthias , Denecke Timm , Busse Harald 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To present software for automated adipose tissue quantification of abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data using fully convolutional networks (FCN) and to evaluate its overall performance—accuracy, reliability, processing effort, and time—in comparison with an interactive reference method.

Materials and methods
Single-center data of patients with obesity were analyzed retrospectively with institutional review board approval. Ground truth for subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) segmentation was provided by semiautomated region-of-interest (ROI) histogram thresholding of 331 full abdominal image series. Automated analyses were implemented using UNet-based FCN architectures and data augmentation techniques. Cross-validation was performed on hold-out data using standard similarity and error measures.

Results
The FCN models reached Dice coefficients of up to 0.954 for SAT and 0.889 for VAT segmentation during cross-validation. Volumetric SAT (VAT) assessment resulted in a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.999 (0.997), relative bias of 0.7% (0.8%), and standard deviation of 1.2% (3.1%). Intraclass correlation (coefficient of variation) within the same cohort was 0.999 (1.4%) for SAT and 0.996 (3.1%) for VAT.

Conclusion
The presented methods for automated adipose-tissue quantification showed substantial improvements over common semiautomated approaches (no reader dependence, less effort) and thus provide a promising option for adipose tissue quantification.

Clinical relevance statement
Deep learning techniques will likely enable image-based body composition analyses on a routine basis. The presented fully convolutional network models are well suited for full abdominopelvic adipose tissue quantification in patients with obesity.

Key Points
• This work compared the performance of different deep-learning approaches for adipose tissue quantification in patients with obesity.
• Supervised deep learning–based methods using fully convolutional networks were suited best.
• Measures of accuracy were equal to or better than the operator-driven approach.
Focused view CT angiography for selective visualization of stroke related arteries: technical feasibility
Authors: Roest Christian , Kloet Reina W. , Lamers Maria J. , Yakar Derya , Kwee Thomas C. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objectives

This study investigated the technical feasibility of focused view CTA for the selective visualization of stroke related arteries.

Methods
A total of 141 CTA examinations for acute ischemic stroke evaluation were divided into a set of 100 cases to train a deep learning algorithm (dubbed “focused view CTA”) that selectively extracts brain (including intracranial arteries) and extracranial arteries, and a test set of 41 cases. The visibility of anatomic structures at focused view and unmodified CTA was assessed using the following scoring system: 5 = completely visible, diagnostically sufficient; 4 = nearly completely visible, diagnostically sufficient; 3 = incompletely visible, barely diagnostically sufficient; 2 = hardly visible, diagnostically insufficient; 1 = not visible, diagnostically insufficient.

Results
At focused view CTA, median scores for the aortic arch, subclavian arteries, common carotid arteries, C1, C6, and C7 segments of the internal carotid arteries, V4 segment of the vertebral arteries, basilar artery, cerebellum including cerebellar arteries, cerebrum including cerebral arteries, and dural venous sinuses, were all 4. Median scores for the C2 to C5 segments of the internal carotid arteries, and V1 to V3 segments of the vertebral arteries ranged between 3 and 2. At unmodified CTA, median score for all above-mentioned anatomic structures was 5, which was significantly higher (p < 0.0001) than that at focused view CTA.

Conclusion
Focused view CTA shows promise for the selective visualization of stroke-related arteries. Further improvements should focus on more accurately visualizing the smaller and tortuous internal carotid and vertebral artery segments close to bone.

Clinical relevance
Focused view CTA may speed up image interpretation time for LVO detection and may potentially be used as a tool to study the clinical relevance of incidental findings in future prospective long-term follow-up studies.

Key Points
• A deep learning–based algorithm (“focused view CTA”) was developed to selectively visualize relevant structures for acute ischemic stroke evaluation at CTA.
• The elimination of unrequested anatomic background information was complete in all cases.
• Focused view CTA may be used to study the clinical relevance of incidental findings.
Asymptotic Behavior of the Dirichlet Energy on Poisson Point Clouds
Authors: Braides Andrea , Caroccia Marco 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe prove that quadratic pair interactions for functions defined on planar Poisson clouds and taking into account pairs of sites of distance up to a certain (large-enough) threshold can be almost surely approximated by the multiple of the Dirichlet energy by a deterministic constant. This is achieved by scaling the Poisson cloud and the corresponding energies and computing a compact discrete-to-continuum limit. In order to avoid the effect of exceptional regions of the Poisson cloud, with an accumulation of sites or with ‘disconnected’ sites, a suitable ‘coarse-grained’ notion of convergence of functions defined on scaled Poisson clouds must be given.