bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of telemental versus in‐person mental health consults in the emergency department on 30‐day utilization and processes of care
Authors: Han Jin H. , Koch Erica , Jeffery Alvin D. , Reese Thomas J. , Dorn Chad , Pugh Shannon , Rubenstein Melissa , Wilson Jo Ellen , Campbell Corey , Ward Michael J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesWe sought to characterize how telemental health (TMH) versus in‐person mental health consults affected 30‐day postevaluation utilization outcomes and processes of care in Veterans presenting to the emergency department (ED) and urgent care clinic (UCC) with acute psychiatric complaints.MethodsThis exploratory retrospective cohort study was conducted in an ED and UCC located in a single Veterans Affairs system. A mental health provider administered TMH via iPad. The primary outcome was a composite of return ED/UCC visits, rehospitalizations, or death within 30 days. The following processes of care were collected during the index visit: changes to home psychiatric medications, admission, involuntary psychiatric hold placement, parenteral benzodiazepine or antipsychotic medication use, and physical restraints or seclusion. Data were abstracted from the Veterans Affairs electronic health record and the Clinical Data Warehouse. Multivariable logistic regression was performed. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were reported.ResultsOf the 496 Veterans in this analysis, 346 (69.8%) received TMH, and 150 (30.2%) received an in‐person mental health evaluation. There was no significant difference in the primary outcome of 30‐day return ED/UCC, rehospitalization, or death (aOR 1.47, 95% CI 0.87–2.49) between the TMH and in‐person groups. TMH was significantly associated with increased ED/UCC length of stay (aOR 1.46, 95% CI 1.03–2.06) and decreased use of involuntary psychiatric holds (aOR 0.42, 95% CI 0.23–0.75). There were no associations between TMH and the other processes‐of‐care outcomes.ConclusionsTMH was not significantly associated with the 30‐day composite outcome of return ED/UCC visits, rehospitalizations, and death compared with traditional in‐person mental health evaluations. TMH was significantly associated with increased ED/UCC length of stay and decreased odds of placing an involuntary psychiatric hold. Future studies are required to confirm these findings and, if confirmed, explore the potential mechanisms for these associations.
Comparing the effectiveness of video and stereoscopic 360° virtual reality‐supported instruction in high school biology courses
Authors: Christopoulos Athanasios , Pellas Nikolaos , Bin Qushem Umar , Laakso Mikko‐Jussi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe promise of using immersive technologies in learning has increasingly been attracting researchers' and practitioners' attention. However, relevant empirical works are usually conducted in fully controlled Virtual Reality (VR) laboratories, as opposed to conventional settings. This quasi‐experimental study compares the effectiveness of video learning resources to that of stereoscopic 360° VR, as supplements to the traditional instructional approach. The potential of such methods was examined in high school settings, in the context of the ‘Life and Evolution’ module, with participants (n = 70) divided equally into control and experimental groups. As a point of reference (control condition), we considered the adoption of Video Learning Resources, as students are more acquainted with this instructional method. In the intervention approach (experimental condition), students adopted the use of low‐end mobile‐VR (VeeR Mini VR Goggles). The key findings indicate differences in the learning motivation, confidence and satisfaction, but no statistically significant difference was identified regarding the factual or conceptual knowledge gains. The study offers insights on the potential of the investigated technologies in the subject of secondary school Biology and further provides implications for theory and practice.
Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic
Researchers' interest over the potential of Virtual Reality on different STEM disciplines is increasing consistently.
An increasing number of efforts can be identified discussing the integration of multimedia learning resources in the secondary school context.
Empirical studies on the subject of Biology are focusing on students' academic performance and achievement but not on learning motivation and satisfaction.

What this paper adds
This quasi‐experimental study comparatively examines academic performance, with the focus being on learning motivation and satisfaction, across different modalities (stereoscopic 360° Virtual Reality applications‐VR, Video Learning Recourses‐VLR).
The findings demonstrate that both instructional methods are sufficient in enhancing students' knowledge acquisition and academic performance.
The adoption of stereoscopic 360° VR influences students' learning motivation and impacts long‐term memory retention.

Implications for practice and policy
Educators are advised to consider the systematic adoption of “immersive” multimedia tools to enhance the subject of Biology as they can greatly encourage scientific inquiry.
Instructional designers are advised to adopt open educational resources aligned to the curriculum of the local context.
Educational researchers are advised to integrate stereoscopic 360°‐VR solutions in the conventional classroom settings.
Food word processing in Chinese reading: A study of restrained eaters
Authors: Luo Changlin , Zhu Mengyan , Zhuang Xiangling , Ma Guojie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFood‐related attentional bias refers that individuals typically prioritize rewarding food‐related cues (e.g. food words and food images) compared with non‐food stimuli; however, the findings are inconsistent for restrained eaters. Traditional paradigms used to test food‐related attentional bias, such as visual probe tasks and visual search tasks, may not directly and accurately enough to reflect individuals' food‐word processing at different cognitive stages. In this study, we introduced the boundary paradigm to investigate food‐word attentional bias for both restrained and unrestrained eaters. Eye movements were recorded when they performed a naturalistic sentence‐reading task. The results of later‐stage analyses showed that food words were fixated on for less time than non‐food words, which indicated a superiority of foveal food‐word processing for both restrained and unrestrained eaters. The results of early‐stage analyses showed that restrained eaters spent more time on pre‐target regions in the food‐word valid preview conditions, which indicated a parafoveal food‐word processing superiority for restrained eaters (i.e. the parafoveal‐on‐foveal effect). The superiority of foveal food‐word processing provides new insights into explaining food‐related attentional bias in general groups. Additionally, the enhanced food‐word attentional bias in parafoveal processing for restrained eaters illustrates the importance of individual characteristics in studying word recognition.
Updated protocol for genetic testing, screening and clinical management of individuals at risk of NF2‐related schwannomatosis
Authors: Halliday Dorothy , Emmanouil Beatrice , Evans D. Gareth R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGenetic testing and management of individuals at risk for NF2‐related schwannomatosis is complicated by the high rate of mosaicism resulting in a milder, later onset, more asymmetrical disease and the phenotypic overlap with the related schwannomatosis conditions. This updated protocol has been devised for the English NF2‐related schwannomatosis service. It provides those affected with mosaic NF2‐related schwannomatosis estimated risks of having an affected child; and management guidelines both for individuals at risk of NF2‐related schwannomatosis, or with potential disease, due to having features that fall short of consensus diagnostic criteria. Risks of mosaicism and inferred transmission risks were derived from genetic testing of over 1000 individuals through the Manchester NF2 genetic testing service. This updated protocol, reflects the lower transmission risks now inferred in mosaic NF2‐related schwannomatosis, informed by the greater sensitivity of Next Generation Sequencing in detecting low levels of mosaicism in blood, along with improved ability to analyse tumour DNA. Screening for features of NF2‐related schwannomatosis is proposed until the risk of having the condition falls below a pragmatic threshold of 1%. Using these revised transmission figures, this threshold can now be reached at a younger age in many of those at risk, with earlier reassurance and discharge.
Vertical soft tissue augmentation to treat implant esthetic complications: A prospective clinical and volumetric case series
Authors: Tavelli Lorenzo , Zucchelli Giovanni , Stefanini Martina , Rasperini Giulio , Wang Hom‐Lay , Barootchi Shayan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionChallenging implant esthetic complications are often characterized by implant malpositioning and interproximal attachment loss of the adjacent teeth. However, limited evidence is available on the treatment of these conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical, volumetric, and patient‐reported outcome following treatment of peri‐implant soft tissue dehiscences (PSTDs) exhibiting interproximal attachment loss on adjacent teeth, performed through vertical soft tissue augmentation with implant submersion.MethodsTen subjects with isolated PSTD in the anterior maxilla characterized by adjacent dentition exhibiting interproximal attachment loss were consecutively enrolled and treated with horizontal and vertical soft tissue augmentation, involving crown and abutment removal, two connective tissue grafts, and submerge healing. Clinical outcomes of interest included mean PSTD coverage, mean PSTD reduction, clinical attachment level (CAL) gain at the implant and adjacent sites and soft tissue phenotype modifications at 1 year. Optical scanning was used for assessing volumetric changes. Professional assessment of esthetic outcomes was performed using the Implant Dehiscence coverage Esthetic Score (IDES), while patient‐reported esthetic assessment involved a 0–10 visual analogue scale.ResultsThe mean PSTD depth reduction and mean PSTD coverage at 1 year were 2.25 mm, and 85.14%, respectively. A mean keratinized tissue width (KTW) gain of 1.15 mm was observed, while the mean gain in mucosal thickness (MT) was 1.58 mm. A mean CAL gain of 1.45 mm was obtained at the interproximal aspect of the adjacent dentition at 1 year. Greater linear dimensional (LD) changes were observed at the midfacial aspect of the implant compared to the interproximal sites. The mean final IDES was 6.90 points, while patient‐reported esthetic evaluation was 8.83 points.ConclusionsThe present study demonstrated that vertical soft tissue augmentation with a submerged healing is an effective treatment approach for the treatment of challenging PSTDs with adjacent dentition exhibiting interproximal attachment loss. This technique can be effective in resolution of esthetic complications in most cases, providing a substantial gain in interproximal attachment levels at the adjacent dentition.
Effect of intraoral scanner and fixed partial denture situation on the scan accuracy of multiple implants: An in vitro study
Authors: Donmez Mustafa Borga , Mathey Ayse , Gäumann Fabio , Mathey Amber , Yilmaz Burak , Abou‐Ayash Samir 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundAccuracy of intraoral implant scans may be affected by the region of the implant and the type of the intraoral scanner (IOSs). However, there is limited knowledge on the scan accuracy of multiple implants placed for an implant‐supported fixed partial denture (FPD) in different partially edentulous situations when digitized by using different IOSs.PurposeTo investigate the effect of IOS and FPD situation on the scan accuracy of two implants when partial‐arch scans were performed.Materials and MethodsTissue level implants were placed in 3 maxillary models with implant spaces either at right first premolar and right first molar sites (Model 1, 3‐unit FPD), at right canine and right first molar sites (Model 2, 4‐unit FPD), or at lateral incisor sites (Model 3, 4‐unit FPD). Reference standard tessellation language (STL) files of the models were generated by using an optical scanner (ATOS Capsule 200MV120). Two IOSs (CEREC Primescan [CP] and TRIOS 3 [TR]) were used to perform partial‐arch scans (test‐scans) of each model (n = 14), which were exported in STL format. A metrology‐grade analysis software (GOM Inspect 2018) was used to superimpose test‐scan STLs over the reference STL to calculate 3D distance, inter‐implant distance, and angular (mesiodistal and buccopalatal) deviations. Trueness and precision analyses were performed by using bootstrap analysis of variance followed by Welch tests with Holm correction (α = 0.05).ResultsTrueness of the scans was affected by IOS and FPD situation when 3D distance deviations were considered, while inter‐implant distance, mesiodistal angular, and buccopalatal angular deviations were only affected by the FPD situation (p < 0.001). Scan precision was affected by the interaction between the IOSs and the FPD situation when 3D distance and buccopalatal angular deviations were concerned, while IOSs and FPD situation were effective when all deviations were concerned (p≤ 0.001). When 3D distance deviations were considered, CP scans had higher accuracy TR scans in Models 1 and 3 (p ≤ 0.002), and the Model 1 scans had the highest accuracy (p < 0.001). When inter‐implant distance deviations were considered, Model 1 scans had the highest accuracy with CP and higher accuracy than Model 2 when TR was used (p ≤ 0.030). When mesiodistal angular deviations were considered, Model 1 scans had the highest accuracy (p ≤ 0.040). When buccopalatal angular deviations were considered, Model 1 scans had the highest accuracy among models when CP was used (p ≤ 0.020).ConclusionsPosterior 3‐unit fixed partial denture implant scans, CP scans, and combination of these two factors had accuracy either similar to or better than their tested counterparts.
Systematic review of the diagnosis and management of necrotising otitis externa: Highlighting the need for high‐quality research
Authors: Takata Junko , Hopkins Michael , Alexander Victoria , Bannister Oliver , Dalton Lucy , Harrison Laura , Groves Emily , Kanona Hala , Jones Gwennan Llwyd , Mohammed Hassan , Andersson Monique I. , Hodgson Susanne H. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo present a systematic review and critical analysis of clinical studies for necrotising otitis externa (NOE), with the aim of informing best practice for diagnosis and management.DesignMedline, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science were searched from database inception until 30 April 2021 for all clinical articles on NOE. The review was registered on PROSPERO (ID: CRD42020128957) and conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.ResultsSeventy articles, including 2274 patients were included in the final synthesis. Seventy‐three percent were retrospective case series; the remainder were of low methodological quality. Case definitions varied widely. Median patient age was 69.2 years; 68% were male, 84% had diabetes and 10% had no reported immunosuppressive risk factor. Otalgia was almost universal (96%), with granulation (69%) and oedema (76%) the commonest signs reported. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated in 62%, but a range of bacterial and fungal pathogens were reported and 14% grew no organism. Optimal imaging modality for diagnosis or follow‐up was unclear. Median antimicrobial therapy duration was 7.2 weeks, with no definitive evidence for optimal regimens. Twenty‐one percent had surgery with widely variable timing, indication, or procedure. One‐year disease‐specific mortality was 2%; treatment failure and relapse rates were 22% and 7%, respectively.ConclusionThere is a lack of robust, high‐quality data to support best practice for diagnosis and management for this neglected condition. A minimum set of reporting requirements is proposed for future studies. A consensus case definition is urgently needed to facilitate high‐quality research.
Predicting the outcome of liver transplantation in patients with non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis cirrhosis: The NASH LT risk‐benefit calculator
Authors: Karnam Ravikiran S. , Punchhi Gopika , Mitsakakis Nicholas , Chen Shiyi , Saracino Giovanna , Lilly Leslie , Asrani Sumeet K. , Bhat Mamatha 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundNon‐alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) cirrhosis is the second most common indication for liver transplantation (LT) in the US and often is associated with significant co‐morbidities. We validated a model and risk prediction score that reflects the benefit derived from LT for NASH cirrhosis by predicting 5‐year survival post‐LT.MethodsWe developed a prediction score utilizing 6515 NASH deceased donor LT (DDLT) recipients from 2002 to 2019 from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR) database to identify a parsimonious set of independent predictors of survival. Coefficients of relevant recipient factors were converted to weighted points to construct a risk scoring system that was then externally validated.ResultsThe final risk score includes the following independent recipient predictors and corresponding points: recipient age (5 points for age ≥70 years), functional status (3 points for total assistance), presence of TIPSS (2 points), hepatic encephalopathy (1 point), serum creatinine (5 points if >1.45 mg/dl), need for mechanical ventilation (3 points), and dialysis within 1 week prior to LT (7 points). Diabetes is a stratifying variable for baseline risk. Scores range from 0 to 20 with scores above 13 having an overall survival of <65% at 5 years post‐LT. Internal and external validation indicated good predictive ability.ConclusionOur practically useable and validated risk score helps to identify and stratify candidates who will derive the most long‐term benefit from LT for NASH cirrhosis.
Understanding the impact of main cell wall polysaccharides on the decomposition of ectomycorrhizal fungal necromass
Authors: Mancinelli R. , van Bodegom P. M. , Lankhorst J. A. , Soudsilovskaia N. A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe extramatrical mycelium of ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) is an important source of soil carbon and nitrogen. While the importance of recalcitrant compounds in the fungal cell wall has been explored earlier, the contribution of highly abundant but labile components, like glucans, and the role of their temporal dynamics during decomposition remains unknown. For the first time, we examined how the concentration of three main fungal cell wall components (chitin, melanin, glucans) in EMF necromass are related to necromass decomposition, over a period of 6 weeks. Although the initial concentrations of the three components were not good predictors of necromass loss, we found species–specific trends of chitin and glucans loss over time. The chitin concentration during decomposition was tightly linked to the weekly necromass degradation, with trends of chitin loss being dissimilar across fungal species. Chitin concentration was positively correlated with the mass loss in the first week, but in the remaining 5 weeks, it was found to be weakly negatively correlated with mass loss. The similarity in susceptibility to the decomposition of glucans and chitin likely compensates for the impacts of interspecific differences in their initial concentration, leading to overall similar decomposition patterns. Alternatively, other, non‐measured, components (e.g., glycoproteins, N content) may contribute to explaining similar decomposition patterns. Our results indicate that ectomycorrhizal necromass decomposition processes differ from those of plant litter decomposition with, unlike in plants, differences in initial concentrations of major structural carbohydrates (e.g., glucans) being unrelated to differences in decomposition rates. These findings indicate that the decomposition of fungal material cannot be inferred from assumptions based on data provided by studies of plant decomposition.Highlights
Necromass of different ectomycorrhizal species decomposes similarly
Main cell wall components show different decomposition patterns
The relationship between cell wall compounds and mass loss changes over time
Mycorrhizal necromass decomposition differs substantially from that of plant litter.
Machine learning for accelerating process‐based computation of land biogeochemical cycles
Authors: Sun Yan , Goll Daniel S. , Huang Yuanyuan , Ciais Philippe , Wang Ying‐Ping , Bastrikov Vladislav , Wang Yilong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGlobal change ecology nowadays embraces ever‐growing large observational datasets (big‐data) and complex mathematical models that track hundreds of ecological processes (big‐model). The rapid advancement of the big‐data‐big‐model has reached its bottleneck: high computational requirements prevent further development of models that need to be integrated over long time‐scales to simulate the distribution of ecosystems carbon and nutrient pools and fluxes. Here, we introduce a machine‐learning acceleration (MLA) tool to tackle this grand challenge. We focus on the most resource‐consuming step in terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs): the equilibration of biogeochemical cycles (spin‐up), a prerequisite that can take up to 98% of the computational time. Through three members of the ORCHIDEE TBM family part of the IPSL Earth System Model, including versions that describe the complex interactions between nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon that do not have any analytical solution for the spin‐up, we show that an unoptimized MLA reduced the computation demand by 77%–80% for global studies via interpolating the equilibrated state of biogeochemical variables for a subset of model pixels. Despite small biases in the MLA‐derived equilibrium, the resulting impact on the predicted regional carbon balance over recent decades is minor. We expect a one‐order of magnitude lower computation demand by optimizing the choices of machine learning algorithms, their settings, and balancing the trade‐off between quality of MLA predictions and need for TBM simulations for training data generation and bias reduction. Our tool is agnostic to gridded models (beyond TBMs), compatible with existing spin‐up acceleration procedures, and opens the door to a wide variety of future applications, with complex non‐linear models benefit most from the computational efficiency.