bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Composition‐Controlled Laser‐Induced Alloying of Colloidal Au–Cu Hetero Nanoparticles
Authors: Kranz Daniel , Bessel Patrick , Rosebrock Marina , Niemeyer Max , Dorfs Dirk 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDue to their optical properties (localized surface plasmon resonance, LSPR), colloidally dispersed metal nanoparticles are well suited for selective heating by high‐energy laser radiation above their melting point without being limited by the boiling point of the solvent, which represents an excellent complement to wet‐chemical nanoparticle synthesis. By combining wet‐chemical synthesis and postsynthesis laser treatment, the advantages of both methods can be used to specifically control the properties of nanoparticles. Especially in the colloidal synthesis of nanoalloys consisting of two or more metals with different redox potentials, wet‐chemical synthesis quickly reaches its limits in terms of composition control and homogeneity. For this reason, the direct synthesis path is divided into two parts to take the strengths of both methods. After preparing Au–Cu hetero nanoparticles by wet‐chemical synthesis, nanoalloys with previous adjusted composition can be formed by postsynthesis laser treatment. The formation of these nanoalloys can be followed by different characterization methods, such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), where the fusion of both metal domains and the formation of spherical and homogeneous Au–Cu nanoparticles can be observed. Moreover, the alloy formation can be followed by different shifts of X‐ray diffraction (XRD) reflections and LSPR maxima depending on the composition.
Statistical inference for multi stress–strength reliability based on progressive first failure with lifetime inverse Lomax distribution and analysis of transformer insulation data
Authors: Ramadan Dina A. , Almetwally Ehab M. , Tolba Ahlam H. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis research aims to develop a multireliability inference method for stress–strength variables based on progressive first failure and an inverse Lomax distribution. This research examines the difficulties associated with estimating the stress–strength reliability function, R, when X, Y, and Z are drawn from three different Inverse Lomax distributions. On the basis of progressive first‐failure censored samples, reliability estimators for multi‐stress–strength Inverse Lomax distributions are estimated using the maximum likelihood, maximum product of spacing, and Bayesian estimation methods. The Bayes estimate of R is obtained using the MCMC method for a symmetric loss function. Monte Carlo simulations and real‐data applications are used to assess and compare the performance of the various suggested estimators.
Direct Visualization of the Dynamic Process of Epsilon Toxin on Hemolysis
Authors: Ji Bin , Huang Jianxiang , Zou Kexuan , Liu Meijun , Pei Yufeng , Huang Jing , Wang Yong , Wang Jinglin , Zhou Ruhong , Xin Wenwen , Song Jie 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHemolysis is the process of rupturing erythrocytes (red blood cells) by forming nanopores on their membranes using hemolysins, which then impede membrane permeability. However, the self‐assembly process before the state of transmembrane pores and underlying mechanisms of conformational change are not fully understood. In this work, theoretical and experimental evidence of the pre‐pore morphology of Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin (ETX), a typical hemolysin, is provided using in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) complemented by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to detect the conformational distribution of different states in Mica. The AFM suggests that the ETX pore is formed in two stages: ETX monomers first attach to the membrane and form a pre‐pore in no special conditions required, which then undergo a conformational change to form a transmembrane pore at temperatures above the critical point in the presence of receptors. The authors’ MD simulations reveal that initial nucleation occurs when specific amino acids adsorb to negatively charged mica cavities. This work fills the knowledge gap in understanding the early stage of hemolysis and the oligomerization of hemolysins. Moreover, the newly identified pre‐pore of ETX holds promise as a candidate for nanopore applications.
The Edmonton Classification System for Cancer Pain in Patients with Bone Metastasis: a descriptive cohort study
Authors: Sulistio Merlina , Ling Natalie , Finkelstein Tara , Tee Hoong Jiun , Gorelik Alexandra , Kissane David , Michael Natasha 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
We describe the prevalence of the Edmonton Classification System for Cancer Pain (ECS-CP) features in patients with bone metastasis and cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) and the relationship between ECS-CP features, pain intensity, and opioid consumption.

Methods
We assessed ECS-CP features and recoded pain mechanisms and opioid use in adult patients with bone metastasis. Validated measures were used to assess pain intensity, incident pain, psychological distress, addictive behavior, and cognition.

Results
Among 147 eligible patients, 95.2% completed the assessment. Mean participant age was 73.2 years, the majority female (52.1%) with breast cancer occurring most commonly (25.7%). One or more ECS-CP features were present in 96.4% and CIBP in 75.7% of patients. The median average and worst pain scores were 3 and 6, respectively. Neuropathic pain was the most prevalent pain mechanism (45.0%) and was associated with breakthrough pain frequency (p=0.014). Three-quarters had incident pain, which was strongly associated with a higher average and worst pain scores (3.5 and 7, p<0.001 for both), background oral morphine equivalent daily dose (26.7mg, p=0.005), and frequency of daily breakthrough analgesia (1.7 doses/day, p=0.007). Psychological distress (n=90, 64.3%) was associated with a significantly higher average pain score (4, p=0.009) and a slightly higher worst pain score (7, p=0.054). Addictive behaviour and cognitive dysfunction were relatively uncommon (18.6% and 12.9%, respectively).

Conclusion
There is a need to promote standardized assessment and classification of pain syndromes such as CIBP. The ECS-CP may allow us to consider CIBP in a systematic manner and develop personalized pain interventions appropriate to the pain profile.

Trial registration
Retrospectively registered in ANZCTR ACTRN12622000853741 (16/06/2022)
Same film, different audio descriptions: describing foreign films from a functional perspective
Authors: Mazur Iwona 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe article discusses a functional approach to audio describing foreign films. First, a functional model of audio description (AD) is outlined, aimed at identifying functional priorities in audio-visual content with a view to determining AD macro- and micro-strategies. Second, the skopos theory is discussed and its principles adapted for AD purposes, by proposing four rules that stand in a hierarchical order: the Skopos rule (i.e. the fact that AD should be determined by its purpose), the cohesion rule (i.e. that the AD should be internally coherent as a text), the coherence rule (i.e. that the AD should be coherent for the target audience given their presupposed background knowledge and socio-cultural circumstances), and the correspondence rule (i.e. that there should be intersemiotic coherence between the source text and the AD). Then, the article presents a case study in which it is demonstrated how the functional aspects may have an impact on the audio describer’s choices both in terms of content and form of AD, and how one film may have different ADs depending on its target audiences and the intended purposes. All in all, it is argued that functionalism in general and the skopos theory in particular as applied to AD provide a theoretical conceptualisation of AD, but more importantly, may serve as a practical tool for effective audio description as well as translation of AD scripts.
Stresses between die and slug in blanking and their significance for slug pulling
Authors: Welm Markus , Kindsmüller Alexander , Tröber Philipp , Dröse Lukas , Volk Wolfram 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe primary goal when manufacturing components in a blanking process is a high output to achieve good cost efficiency. Therefore, availability needs to be as high as possible. However, several process disturbances like slug pulling increase downtime and thus counteract this aim. Slug pulling is influenced by different forces that trigger the slug being pulled and those that hamper this effect. The predominating hampering force is friction between the slug and the die. Consequently, the influencing factors for this force have to be understood to reliably prevent slug pulling. In this publication, the influence of the die channel geometry on the occurring frictional forces and the part quality when blanking the non-alloy quality steel 1.0338 are investigated. Therefore, experiments with a variation of die channel geometry and punch diameter combined with force measurement are performed. Furthermore, a numeric simulation model based on the experimental results is used to investigate various die channels. The results enhance the knowledge about correlations between process parameters, slug properties, like slug deflection, and frictional forces and help to reliably prevent slug pulling.
Differentiated Papillary NUT Carcinoma: An Unexpected, Deceptively Bland Presentation of a Sinonasal Carcinoma
Authors: Wartenberg Martin , Hool Sara-Lynn , Marrazzini Andrea , Giger Roland , Rupp Niels J. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
In recent years, the list of tumor entities in the sinonasal tract has significantly expanded, requiring advanced diagnostic testing. We report the case of a 32-year-old patient with an unusual NUT carcinoma originating in the maxillary sinus, which showed extensive well-differentiated, papillary squamous morphology, similar to the spectrum of the recently described DEK::AFF2 fusion-associated carcinoma.

Methods
We performed immunohistochemical and molecular studies including EBV- and HPV-testing, as well as DNA/RNA next generation sequencing.

Results
The tumor showed predominantly exophytic papillary growth with mature squamous differentiation. An additional component harbored atypical, less differentiated basaloid tumor cells with infiltration of the adjacent stroma. Conspicuous inflammation was evident. There was no evidence of HPV DNA or EBV RNA. Next-generation sequencing revealed a NUT::NSD3 gene fusion corresponding to (“speckled-type”) immunopositivity of NUT in the tumor cells.

Conclusions
We describe a NUT::NSD3 gene fusion-associated NUT carcinoma of the sinonasal tract with a deceptively well-differentiated papillary growth pattern, thus expanding the morphological spectrum of this typically poorly differentiated neoplasm.
Lessons learned in adjuvant colorectal cancer
Authors: Schmalfuss Theresa , Taghizadeh Hossein 
Published: April 2023

SummaryColorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequent malignancies. While adjuvant fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy has been established as standard of care for patients with stage III disease, its value and role are still uncertain for stage II disease. This review discusses the usefulness of adjuvant therapy in both stages and highlights the use of liquid biopsy via circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) for the assessment of minimal residual disease which will shape the therapy decision for adjuvant treatment in future.
An increase in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes after treatment is significantly associated with a poor response to neoadjuvant endocrine therapy for estrogen receptor-positive/HER2-negative breast cancers
Authors: Fukui Reiko , Watanabe Takahiro , Morimoto Koji , Fujimoto Yukie , Nagahashi Masayuki , Ishikawa Eri , Hirota Seiichi , Miyoshi Yasuo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The reason for the poor prognosis of estrogen receptor (ER) + /human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)− breast cancer patients with high levels of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is poorly understood. The association between TILs and response to neoadjuvant endocrine therapy (NET) was examined.

Methods
We recruited 170 patients with ER + /HER2− breast cancer who were treated with preoperative endocrine monotherapy. TILs were evaluated before and after NET, and their changes were noted. Furthermore, T cell subtypes were examined using CD8 and FOXP3 immunohistochemical analyses. Neutrophil and lymphocyte counts in the peripheral blood were analyzed with reference to TIL levels or changes. Responders were defined as Ki67 expression levels ≤ 2.7% after treatment.

Results
Post-treatment (p = 0.016), but not pre-treatment (p = 0.464), TIL levels were significantly associated with the response to NET. TIL levels increased significantly after treatment among non-responders (p = 0.001). FOXP3 + T cell counts increased significantly after treatment in patients with increased TILs (p = 0.035), but not in those without increased TILs (p = 0.281). Neutrophil counts decreased significantly after treatment in patients without increased TILs (p = 0.026), but not in patients with increased TILs (p = 0.312).

Conclusion
An increase in TILs after NET was significantly associated with a poor response to NET. Given that FOXP3 + T-cell counts increased, and neutrophil counts did not decrease in patients with increased TILs after NET, the induction of an immunosuppressive microenvironment was speculated to play a role in the inferior efficacy. These data might partially indicate the involvement of the immune response in the efficacy of endocrine therapy.
The Relationships between the Hope Dimensions of Agency Thinking and Pathways Thinking With Depression and Anxiety: a Meta-Analysis
Authors: Corrigan Jordan A. , Schutte Nicola S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLack of hope may be important in the development and progression of depression and anxiety. Hope theory holds that hope has two cognitive components, agency thinking and pathways thinking. The aim of this meta-analytic study was to consolidate the results of studies investigating the relationships between agency thinking and pathways thinking with depression and anxiety Results showed that across studies both higher levels of agency and pathways thinking were associated with less depression and less anxiety. The weighted effect sizes for agency thinking were r = -.391 for depression and r = -.259 for anxiety. The weighted effect sizes for pathways thinking were r = -.328 for depression and r = -.206 for anxiety. The effect size for the association of agency thinking with depression was substantially larger than the effect size for the association of pathways thinking for depression. Agency thinking and pathways thinking were both more strongly associated with depression than anxiety. The agency thinking association with depression and anxiety increased in strength with age, while pathways thinking did not. The findings suggest that even though both pathways thinking and agency thinking as aspects of hope play important roles in relation to depression and anxiety, agency thinking may be especially pivotal. Future research can build on these results with experimental designs to generate causal findings and investigate ways to enhance agency thinking and pathways thinking as a means to reduce depression and anxiety.
Sources of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) exposure among healthcare personnel (HCP) in a large tertiary-care medical center
Authors: Shaw Jana , Suits Paul , Steigerwald Heidi , Thomas Stephen J. , Formica Margaret K. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objectives:
To describe the burden and sources of severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection among healthcare personnel (HCP), such as occupational role, work setting, vaccination status, and patient contact between March 2020 through May 2022.

Design:
Active prospective surveillance.

Setting:
Large tertiary-care teaching institution with inpatient and ambulatory care services.

Results:
We identified 4,430 cases among HCPs between March 1, 2020, through May 31, 2022. The median age of this cohort was 37 years (range, 18–89); 2,840 (64.1%) were female; and 2,907 (65.6%) were white. Most of the infected HCP were in the general medicine department, followed by ancillary departments and support staff. Less than 10% of HCP SARS-CoV-2–positive cases worked on a COVID-19 unit. Of the reported SARS-CoV-2 exposures, 2,571 (58.0%) were from an unknown source, 1,185 (26.8%) were from a household source, 458 (10.3%) were from a community source, and 211 (4.8%) were healthcare exposures. A higher proportion of cases with reported healthcare exposures was vaccinated with only 1 or 2 doses, whereas a higher proportion of cases with reported household exposure was vaccinated and boosted, and a higher proportion of community cases with reported and unknown exposures were unvaccinated (P < .0001). HCP exposure to SARS-CoV-2 correlated with community-level transmission regardless of type of reported exposure.

Conclusions:
The healthcare setting was not an important source of perceived COVID-19 exposure among our HCPs. Most HCPs were not able to definitively identify the source of their COVID-19, followed by suspected household and community exposures. HCP with community or unknown exposure were more likely to be unvaccinated.
Healthcare personnel interactive pathogen exposure response system
Authors: Smith Leigh L. , Fallon Susan A. , Virk Zunaira Q. , Salinas Alejandra B. , Curless Melanie S. , Cosgrove Sara E. , Maragakis Lisa L. , Rock Clare , Klein Eili Y. ,   for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Prevention Epicenters Program
Published: April 2023

AbstractExposure investigations are labor intensive and vulnerable to recall bias. We developed an algorithm to identify healthcare personnel (HCP) interactions from the electronic health record (EHR), and we evaluated its accuracy against conventional exposure investigations. The EHR algorithm identified every known transmission and used ranking to produce a manageable contact list.
Risk-factor analysis for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase–producing Enterobacterales colonization or infection: Evaluation of a novel approach to assess local prevalence as a risk factor
Authors: Cherian Jerald P. , Cosgrove Sara E. , Haghpanah Fardad , Klein Eili Y. ,   for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Prevention Epicenters Program and the Modeling Infectious Diseases in Healthcare Network
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjective:To explore an approach to identify the risk of local prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) on ESBL-E colonization or infection and to reassess known risk factors.Design:Case–control study.Setting:Johns Hopkins Health System emergency departments (EDs) in the Baltimore–Washington, DC, region.Patients:Patients aged ≥18 years with a culture growing Enterobacterales between April 2019 and December 2021. Cases had a culture growing an ESBL-E.Methods:Addresses were linked to Census Block Groups and placed into communities using a clustering algorithm. Prevalence in each community was estimated using the proportion of ESBL-E among Enterobacterales isolates. Logistic regression was used to determine risk factors for ESBL-E colonization or infection.Results:ESBL-E were detected in 1,167 of 11,224 patients (10.4%). Risk factors included a history of ESBL-E in the prior 6 months (aOR, 20.67; 95% CI, 13.71–31.18), exposure to a skilled nursing or long-term care facility (aOR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.37–1.96), exposure to a third-generation cephalosporin (aOR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.46–2.19), exposure to a carbapenem (aOR, 2.31; 95% CI, 1.68–3.18), or exposure to a trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (aOR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.06–2.25) within the prior 6 months. Patients were at lower risk if their community had a prevalence <25th percentile in the prior 3 months (aOR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.71–0.98), 6 months (aOR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.71–0.98), or 12 months (aOR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.68–0.95). There was no association between being in a community in the >75th percentile and the outcome.Conclusions:This method of defining the local prevalence of ESBL-E may partially capture differences in the likelihood of a patient having an ESBL-E.
Keeping you in the dark: the Bastille archives and police secrecy in eighteenth-century France
Authors: Bauer Nicole 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDuring the French Revolution, the Bastille prison had become synonymous with abuses of power and government secrecy. The Paris police had long exercised secrecy in its operations, but in the eighteenth century, they became a target of the revolutionaries as the most visible arm of a government that was seen as opaque but intrusive. Both the growing power of the modernising state and the rise of public opinion in this period contributed to changing attitudes towards government secrecy and to the valorisation of transparency in the political culture of the Revolution.
A compact and economical AMC backed antenna solution for wearable biomedical applications
Authors: Yadav Mohit , Ali Muquaddar , Yadav R. P. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA rectangular monopole antenna with an extended ground, excited by Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) and backed by a 6 × 6 array of fractal artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) unit cells, resonating at 5.8 GHz in Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band, is presented in this manuscript. To attain the objective of proposing a compact and economical antenna solution for employment in wearable biomedical domain, a novel approach of utilizing both surfaces of the same dielectric for engraving antenna element as well as AMC array is adopted. It results in the elimination of layers of expensive substrate (RO3003) and of thick separator (foam) between antenna and AMC array. During measurement in open space, the proposed antenna system exhibited an impedance bandwidth of 570 MHz with a gain of 7.9 dBi. While a total realized gain of 7.5 dBi, amounting to a gain enhancement of about 3 dB as compared to that of monopole alone, is observed when the integrated antenna system is placed just over a three-layer rectangular human body equivalent model. Specific absorption rate values, as calculated at 5.8 GHz and averaged over 1 and 10 g of human tissue, are 0.0117 and 0.00244 W/kg, respectively. Obtained results strongly advocate the use of the proposed antenna system in smart wearable healthcare devices.
The Moho Architecture and Its Role for Isostasy—Insights From the Lofoten‐Vesterålen Rifted Margin, Norway
Authors: Schiffer Christian , Rondenay Stéphane , Ottemöller Lars , Drottning Anne 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe crustal structure of the Nordland and Troms region, Norway, has received growing scientific attention because (a) the region is one of the most seismically active areas of mainland Norway, and (b) there are differing interpretations of the crustal structure but none of the proposed models simultaneously satisfy gravity, topography and crustal isostasy. At the core of the puzzle is the Lofoten‐Vesterålen archipelago, which exhibits considerable variations in crustal thickness, seemingly inconsistent with the topographic expression along this geomorphic structure. The prevalent view has been that the crust beneath the southern Lofoten is extremely thin (∼20 km). This has recently been disputed. Here, we address this debate by producing new lithospheric models in the region from joint inversion of receiver functions and P‐wave polarizations at 62 seismic stations. Our results are consistent with the regional trends from other models, including a shallow Moho in the southern Lofoten. Moreover, our results detect a low‐velocity layer in the uppermost mantle, which appears to be highly relevant to isostasy in the region. We conclude that the crustal structure in the region may not be as controversial as the recent debate suggested. What appears more urgent to understand is how the concept of isostasy is defined, and how it relates to the layered structure of the lithosphere. In particular, our findings emphasize the importance of conceptualizing the Moho as a transition zone with considerable thickness and internal structural variations, rather than a simple velocity discontinuity.