bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-ideal program-time conservation in charge trap flash for deep learning
Authors: Shrivastava Shalini , Saraswat Vivek , Dash Gayatri , Chakrabarty Samyak , Ganguly Udayan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Training deep neural networks (DNNs) is computationally intensive, but arrays of non-volatile memories such as charge trap flash (CTF) can accelerate DNN operations using in-memory computing. Specifically, the resistive processing unit (RPU) architecture uses a voltage-threshold program with stochastic encoded pulse trains and analog memory features to accelerate vector-vector outer product and weight update for gradient descent algorithms. Although CTF, offering high precision, has been regarded as an excellent choice for implementing RPU, the accumulation of charge due to the applied stochastic pulse trains is ultimately of critical significance in determining the final weight update. In this paper, we report on the non-ideal program-time conservation in CTF through pulsing input measurements. We experimentally measure the effect of pulse width and pulse gap, keeping the total ON-time of the input pulse train constant, and report three non-idealities: (1) the cumulative

V

T

shift reduces when total ON-time is fragmented into a larger number of shorter pulses, (2) the cumulative

V

T

shift drops abruptly for pulse widths <2

μ

s, (3) the cumulative

V

T

shift depends on the gap between consecutive pulses and the

V

T

shift reduction recovers for smaller gaps. We present an explanation based on a transient tunneling field enhancement due to blocking oxide trap-charge dynamics to explain these non-idealities. Identifying and modeling the responsible mechanisms and predicting their system-level effects during learning is critical. This non-ideal accumulation is expected to affect algorithms and architectures relying on devices for implementing mathematically equivalent functions for in-memory computing-based acceleration.
Experimental study and modeling of rubber joints for railway vehicles using magnetorheological shear stiffening elastomers
Authors: Gong Liping , Gong Ning , Wang Bochao , Yang Jian , Du Haiping , Sun Shuaishuai , Zhang Shiwu , Li Weihua 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
With the rapid development of transportation industry, advanced rail vehicle technology receives more attention than ever. The stiffness of the train’s rubber joint at the primary suspension system has a crucial influence on the operation stability and curve-passing performance. When the train is running on straight track at high speed, a high primary longitudinal stiffness in bogie design is required, whereas running on the curve track calls for a soft primary longitudinal stiffness. To solve this critical problem, a new rubber joint based on magnetorheological shear stiffening elastomer (MSSE) was proposed. Its stiffness can be adjusted by not only external magnetic field but also its inherent frequency-dependent property, ensuring the functionality of the rubber joint even when the controller fails. The prototype of the MSSE joint was fabricated and assembled. Stiffness controllability of the MSSE joint was evaluated using an material testing system (MTS) machine, with MTS testing performed under varying displacement amplitude at fixed frequency to investigate the influence of the varying displacement amplitude on the effective stiffness. The results revealed that the stiffness of this MSSE joint can be controlled effectively credited to the rate-dependent SSE and adjustable electromagnetics, exhibiting exceptional fail-safe characteristics. Lastly, a dynamic model was established to describe the dynamic performance of the rubber joint. All the above studies demonstrate the feasibility of the joint to satisfy the conflicting stiffness requirements to achieve high speed stability and curve trafficability simultaneously.
Dynamic magnetic properties of magnetosomes
Authors: Camp Philip J 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Magnetosomes are found in magnetotactic bacteria, and consist of linear chains of tens of single-domain magnetic nanoparticles of

F
e

3

O

4

(magnetite) or

F
e

3

S

4

(greigite), enclosed in a lipid bilayer membrane. The particles are typically in the size range 30–

120

n
m

, and are practically monodisperse. Harnessing the power of biomineralisation could lead to efficient strategies for synthesising semiflexible dipolar filaments, and the development of optimum materials for applications, including in biomedicine. Brownian dynamics simulations of noninteracting magnetosomes, containing

1
⩽
N
⩽
64

ferromagnetic nanoparticles, have been used to determine static properties, and the dynamical response to a weak AC magnetic field. Results are presented for the radius of gyration

R

g

, the static magnetic susceptibility

χ
(
0
)

, the dynamic magnetic susceptibility

χ
(
ω
)

, and the effective Brownian rotation time

τ

r
o
t

, all as functions of N. The results are compared to theoretical predictions of the flexibility, susceptibility, and rotational dynamics of such magnetic filaments.
Designing CuInSe2 quantum dot-based high-performance Schottky photodetector: a numerical study
Authors: Çadırcı Musa , Yıldız Murat 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Sensing in the near-infrared and visible wavelengths is critically essential for a broad range of potential applications. Colloidal quantum dot(CQD) based photodetectors provide key advantages, such as spectral tuneability, straight integration with electronic parts, high sensitivity and low cost. Here, a Schottky photodiode architecture based on CuInSe2 (CISe) CQDs structure was designed and its photoresponse characteristics were simulated at various absorber layer thicknesses, at different back contact materials, varying light intensities, several defect densities, and different temperatures. A maximum responsivity of about 0.37 A W−1 was recorded from the proposed device. This work demonstrates that CISe CQDs are potential candidate materials for high-performance Schottky photodetectors operating in the near-infrared and visible electromagnetic spectrum.
Fractional Vieta-Fibonacci wavelets: application for systems of fractionaldelay differential equations
Authors: Azin H , Heydari M H , Baghani O , Mohammadi F 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this study, the fractional Vieta-Fibonacci wavelets are introduced. These wavelets are applied to construct a numerical method to solve a class of fractional delay systems of differential equations. To this end, some relationships regarding fractional integration and derivative of these wavelets are extracted at the first. Then, all of the unknown functions in the system under consideration are approximated by these wavelets. Next, by substituting these approximations into the system and applying the collocation method, a system of algebraic equations is obtained. Finally, by solving the extracted system and can determine the unknown coefficients, a solution is obtained for the main system. Moreover, the upper bound of error for approximation with the fractional Vieta-Fibonacci wavelets and the convergence analysis of presented approach is derived. The proposed method is evaluated with solving several examples.
Fusion dynamics of 9Be + 197Au reaction at near and above barrier energies
Authors: Gautam Manjeet Singh , Chahal Rajiv 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The fusion dynamics of

B

9

e
+

A

197

u

reaction has been investigated theoretically by using classical dynamical model and the energy dependent Woods-Saxon potential (EDWSP) model. Calculations of complete fusion (CF) and total fusion (TF) cross-sections within classical dynamical model are done by using code PLATYPUS and such outputs fairly described CF, ICF and TF yields at above barrier area. However, same calculations failed to reproduce CF and TF cross-sections data at near and below barrier area. In contrast, the EDWSP calculations for CF process at above barrier area are turned out to be suppressed when referenced with CF data while data at sub-barrier energies for complete fusion are reasonably addressed by the model calculations. The EDWSP based suppression has been turned out to be smaller than reported values and with an appropriate scale factor (only at above barrier energies), EDWSP outcomes properly explain CF data in complete range of energy. Further, TF data are adequately addressed by the EDWSP based calculations, thereby, reflects the breakup of weakly bound projectile in the force field of the target isotope. Thus, the weakly bound projectile shows break up effects and partially absorbed by the target, which subsequently gives suppression of the CF yields in above barrier area.
Orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm based on weighted cosine similarity for sound source localization
Authors: Xiao Yue , Wang Junyu , Yuan Lei 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Compressive sensing overcomes the limitations of the Nyquist criteria and is one of the most widely used compressive sensing reconstruction algorithms. Orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) algorithm is simple, in terms of hardware implementation, and has high computational efficiency. However, the OMP algorithm exhibits poor identification performance for low-frequency sound sources and results in large localization deviations when the mesh spacing of the focus plane is small. In this study, a novel atom selection criterion based on weighted cosine similarity was proposed to improve the OMP algorithm for sound source localization and characterization. This method replaces the original inner product criterion to measure the correlation between the column vectors of the sensing matrix and the residuals, which addresses the atom selection error caused by the high correlation between atoms. Numerical simulations and experimental results show that the proposed method has a stronger anti-noise interference capability and higher accuracy for sound source identification with fewer sampling points, particularly in low-frequency and low signal-to-noise ratio environments. Compared to other OMP algorithms, the proposed method improves the performance of the OMP algorithm in sound source localization and widens the sound frequency range. This study is valuable for achieving highly accurate sound source localization and reducing measurement costs in practical applications.
Fermions dynamic equation with Lorentz invariance violation and the corrected Hawking temperature in arbitrarily accelerating black hole*
Authors: Tan Xia , Zhang Jie , Li Ran , Yang Shu-Zheng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Containing Lorentz invariance violation (LIV), a new form of the fermions dynamic equation under the background of the curved space-time of the arbitrarily accelerating black hole, is studied. Firstly, we consider the new form of the fermions dynamic equation with arbitrary spin containing LIV in curved space-time, and research the fermions dynamic equation with spin

−

1

2

containing LIV. On this basis, according to the semi-classical theory and black hole quantum tunneling radiation theory, the quantum tunneling radiation of the arbitrarily accelerating Kinnersly black hole is modified correctly, and the corrected physical quantities such as black hole temperature and quantum tunneling rate are deeply discussed. The fermions dynamic equation with arbitrary spin in the arbitrarily accelerating black hole space-time and its solution are explained in detail. In order to further obtain the correction effect of the Planck scale, this article considers beyond the semi-classical theory and further obtains new expressions of the black hole temperature and tunneling radiation rate.
Temperature relaxation and generalized Coulomb logarithm in two-temperature dense plasmas relevant to inertial confinement fusion implosions
Authors: Lin Chengliang , He Bin , Wu Yong , Zou Shiyang , Wang Jianguo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Detailed knowledge of energy exchange between electrons and ions is of fundamental importance for the description of temperature relaxation and also other nonequilibrium physics in Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF). We present a theoretical model for the temperature relaxation rate and the related generalized Coulomb logarithm based on the Quantum Lenard–Balescu (QLB) kinetic equation, where no special cutoffs are needed to be introduced. To describe the collective modes characterizing the ionic acoustic waves, a single-pole approximation is introduced for the ionic dielectric response. The proposed model for the generalized Coulomb logarithm is examined over a wide range of plasma conditions for electron temperatures between 102 and 105 eV and electron densities between 1022 and

10

26

c
m

−
3

. The values of the generalized Coulomb logarithm are demonstrated to be in excellent agreement with the ones evaluated using the original QLB kinetic approach but with much less computational cost. Comparisons with molecular dynamics simulations and other theoretical approaches are presented. For further applications of our model, we present results for the recently measured experimental Coulomb logarithm. Compared to other widely applied models such as the Landau–Spitzer Coulomb logarithm, our model provides more consistent descriptions for the results of molecular dynamics simulations and also for the experimental outcomes. Our model for the generalized Coulomb logarithm is easy to calculate and can benefit efficient and reliable simulations for the ICF implosions.
Performances of Multi-Configuration Piezoelectric Connection with AC-DC Converter in Low Frequency Energy Harvesting System
Authors: Abidin Nik Ahmad Kamil Zainal , Nayan Norkharziana Mohd , Azizan M M , Jamel Nursabirah , Ali Azuwa , Azli N. A. , Nordin N. M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Harvesting energy by capturing vibration from low frequency energy have been explored extensively. In essence, a single piezoelectric transducer or an array of piezoelectric connections are used to convert kinetic energy into electrical energy in order to produce low frequency energy. In this paper, multi-configuration array piezoelectric connections are used to investigate the performances of different converter circuit types in low energy harvesting applications. This research utilized three pieces of circular piezoelectric sensor to test the combinations of array connection. There are four options for the piezoelectric sensor configuration: parallel (P), series (S), parallel-series (PS), and series-parallel (SP) while the full wave bridge rectifier (FWBR), parallel voltage multiplier (PVM), and parallel Synchronized Switch Harvesting on Inductor (P-SSHI) converter circuit are chosen AC-DC converter circuits. The system is assessed using a variety of load configurations, including 10 kΩ and 1 MΩ with a 3 Hz input frequency. In order to produce the highest possible output of collected power, the observation focuses on identifying the ideal combination of array piezoelectric connections with AC-DC converter. The result shows that 3-Parallel (3P) piezoelectric connection obtained a higher power output among the other types of array piezoelectric which was 5.97μW. The FWBR circuit generated the highest output power with 2.42μW for a combination of piezoelectric sensors array of 3P connection with the AC-DC converter.
Design A Giant Battery Energy Storage for Port Application
Authors: Osman IS , Ahamad N.B , Mat Suboh S. , Isa NM , Othman M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Most of the seaports are toward green technology with a focus on renewable energy and energy storage to reduce emissions that will affect the environment and health of people living near the place. This is due to the main port’s activity as a hub for connecting to other places and also trade. However, the load consumption at the seaport is high at an average of around 1,581 kW per day depending on the application. This paper presents the method to design a giant battery for energy storage to reduce diesel and grid supply used. Therefore, to purpose this the mathematical model was developed by using the generic battery of lithium-ion type based on the Shepherd model. Generic battery models are available in MATLAB/Simulink library. In particular, this study investigates how voltage and state of charge can be determined with sufficient accuracy for a given load profile. Thus, the giant battery simulation model was developed based on the mathematical model. Finally, the giant battery model is included in MATLAB/Simulink simulation, and the procedure of determining the model parameters is discussed in detail. The results show that the model can accurately represent the dynamic behavior of the battery and is assumed to operate at a maximum SOC of 80%, with a total capacity is 126500 Ah. 20% to 80% of SOC is the safe limit for the battery to operate. Besides that, the return on investment (ROI) cost also considers in this paper.
Assessment of wind power potential in the North region of Malaysia, Chuping Perlis
Authors: Thiraphorn B L , Leow W Z , Safwati I , Irwan Y M , Irwanto M , Tan X.J. , Ananda-Rao K 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The wind turbines is a main device that convert the kinetic energy from blades to electrical energy. Before installing wind turbines, the Weibull probability distribution must be calculated to determine the certain wind speed probability. Many problems will come if there no analysis the characteristics of wind in selected location, such as wind speed that not suitable for building wind farm to supply the population in that area. Shape and scale factors, which be controlled in a variety of ways, influence the Weibull distribution. Many studies have looked into which of the various Weibull parameter estimation methods is the most dependable. However, because the results of these investigations were inconsistent, research into more trustworthy Weibull parameter estimation methods is still ongoing. An analysis of data collected Chuping, Perlis for two years was conducted in this study (from 2018 to 2019). By using statistical analysis to evaluate the Weibull distribution method, this study used three methods to compared the Weibull parameters and identified the most reliable and effective method to obtain the Weibull probability distribution by using a three approach that compares the variances of RMSE, MSE and R2, which provides comprehensive insight into level error and volatility. Modified maximum likelihood method, graphical method, and power density method are the three methods used in this study. Therefore, the graphical method has the best accuracy in the wind speed distribution prediction, several methods such as the modified maximum likelihood method, and the power density method have the worst prediction of the wind speed distribution based on all the statistical method variances for this region.
Direct Current Corona Characteristics of Innovative Portable High Voltage dc to dc Booster Device in Corona Charging Setup
Authors: Nath Rameshwar , Tiwari Badri Vishal , Tiwari Anil , Ghodke Nand Kishor 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In the present work an experimental investigation has been carried out to study the corona characteristics of a portable high voltage dc to dc booster device proposed and used by us for the first time as an innovation in corona charging of electrets. The experiments were conducted in a point-to-plane system to measure the corona current I as a function of applied corona voltage V and inter-electrode separation. Obtained results have been analyzed and discussed successfully in the light of cited works and show that both positive and negative corona produced by this device is consistent with the Townsend Relation adapted for point-to-plane geometry. This device is suitable and effective in applications where the local corona is required.
Reverse Sensing Kinetics investigation with STM of Deep-UV triggered TiO2/WO3 NCs for Isoprene detection
Authors: Akshaya M V , Suja K J , Basu Palash Kumar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Traditional diagnostic technologies in the health sector are either bulky or expensive and invasive; hence, the breath analyzer era emerged, wherein it can be a single sensor for a single illness diagnosis or a multi-sensor array to diagnose a single disease with numerous biomarkers. Isoprene, commonly known as a biomarker for various diseases, mainly for oxidative stress/cholesterol abnormalities, is targeted in this study. A drop-casted layer of microwave-treated Titanium dioxide/Tungsten oxide (TiO
2/WO
3) nanocomposites (NCs) optically activated in the deep UV (λ-300nm) range is employed for the detection of Isoprene. An optimised moderately doped TiO
2/WO
3 NCs calibrated under 20 to 80 ppb of isoprene is considered from our previous work and thoroughly investigated for its sensing pattern discrepancy under optical activation. Our study aims to comprehend the reverse sensing pattern observed during optical activation of the sensing layer utilizing a precision scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) integrated with a deep-UV LED of λ-300nm. STM experiments confirm that the observed reverse sensing pattern, which contradicts the normal mode, is driven by an excess photogenerated surface n-type carrier concentration of 8.785 × 1015
cm
−3.
Design and Analysis of Sphere Yagi antenna at 915 MHz Band for LoRaWAN Application
Authors: Haque Ashraful , Azman Zakariya M , Mohamad Hisham , Khir M. H. Md , Rahman Afzalur , Saha Dipon , Aiman Muazzam M , Hussin Eryana Eiyda , Nor M Faizairi M , Beddelee Aizat Akmal Bin A. mohamad 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Using a frequency of 915 MHz as an operating point, this project has analyzed and refined the design of a Sphere Yagi antenna. In CST, we have begun the research phase and created a preliminary design for an antenna. The simulation results have been analyzed, and then fabrication, testing, and measurement have been carried out. To begin the manufacturing process, a single-sided copper board is cut into sphere shapes, with the length of each plate varying depending on the size of the sphere. Drilling machines are then used to create a hole in each of the plates. As a result, everything is coming together nicely. In addition, both indoor and outdoor settings have been used for testing and experiments. Therefore, the antenna design works well in 915 MHz frequency, but the signal weakens when it travels more than 100 meters away. An improved antenna transmitter’s power output can fix this. This project can be extended to cover the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequencies. So, the antenna layout can be employed to improve the wireless connection of communication devices that need extensive range.
DSP based Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) Simulation for GCPV-based DSTATCOM using Frequency Domain Controller
Authors: Sobri N F A , Baharudin N H , Mansur T M N T , Syahril M , Ali R , Ananda-Rao K , Suboh S M , Abdullah A M 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study presents a comprehensive simulation of digital control applications for a grid-connected photovoltaic (GCPV) system using a Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) simulation approach that incorporates a Digital Signal Processor (DSP). The simulation is carried out using the MATLAB Simulink block set and employs a frequency domain controller as the control algorithm. The simulation inputs, which consist of voltage and current sensor readings, are processed by an ADC idealizer block that produces output based on a real-time DSP-based HIL system. The output is then utilized to generate a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal, which drives the voltage source inverter (VSI). The simulation’s primary objective is to demonstrate the simplicity and efficacy of the proposed frequency domain controller design for the GCPV-based DSTATCOM system. The simulation results validate the performance of the controller under various operating conditions, including steady-state, unbalanced loads, variable solar insolation, and day-to-night transitions.