bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The ecosystem wilting point defines drought response and recovery of a Quercus‐Carya forest
Authors: Wood Jeffrey D. , Gu Lianhong , Hanson Paul J. , Frankenberg Christian , Sack Lawren 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSoil and atmospheric droughts increasingly threaten plant survival and productivity around the world. Yet, conceptual gaps constrain our ability to predict ecosystem‐scale drought impacts under climate change. Here, we introduce the ecosystem wilting point (ΨEWP), a property that integrates the drought response of an ecosystem's plant community across the soil–plant–atmosphere continuum. Specifically, ΨEWP defines a threshold below which the capacity of the root system to extract soil water and the ability of the leaves to maintain stomatal function are strongly diminished. We combined ecosystem flux and leaf water potential measurements to derive the ΨEWP of a Quercus‐Carya forest from an “ecosystem pressure–volume (PV) curve,” which is analogous to the tissue‐level technique. When community predawn leaf water potential (Ψpd) was above ΨEWP (=−2.0 MPa), the forest was highly responsive to environmental dynamics. When Ψpd fell below ΨEWP, the forest became insensitive to environmental variation and was a net source of carbon dioxide for nearly 2 months. Thus, ΨEWP is a threshold defining marked shifts in ecosystem functional state. Though there was rainfall‐induced recovery of ecosystem gas exchange following soaking rains, a legacy of structural and physiological damage inhibited canopy photosynthetic capacity. Although over 16 growing seasons, only 10% of Ψpd observations fell below ΨEWP, the forest is commonly only 2–4 weeks of intense drought away from reaching ΨEWP, and thus highly reliant on frequent rainfall to replenish the soil water supply. We propose, based on a bottom‐up analysis of root density profiles and soil moisture characteristic curves, that soil water acquisition capacity is the major determinant of ΨEWP, and species in an ecosystem require compatible leaf‐level traits such as turgor loss point so that leaf wilting is coordinated with the inability to extract further water from the soil.
Phase Ib, open‐label, fixed‐sequence, drug–drug interaction, safety, and tolerability study between atogepant and ubrogepant in participants with a history of migraine
Authors: Blumenfeld Andrew M. , Boinpally Ramesh , De Abreu Ferreira Rosa , Trugman Joel M. , Dabruzzo Brett , Ailani Jessica , Lipton Richard B. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate potential drug–drug interactions of ubrogepant and atogepant.BackgroundUbrogepant and atogepant, calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonists, are recently approved drugs for acute and preventive treatment of migraine, respectively. For patients with migraine who are prescribed atogepant for the preventive treatment of migraine, health care providers could prescribe ubrogepant for the acute treatment of breakthrough migraine attacks.MethodsA phase Ib, multi‐center, open‐label, fixed‐sequence study was conducted in participants diagnosed with migraine for at least 1 year. To assess the primary objective of pharmacokinetic interactions in this phase I trial, the highest United States Food and Drug Administration‐approved individual dose strengths of atogepant (60 mg once daily) and ubrogepant (100 mg) were utilized, with ubrogepant being administered on a fixed‐dose schedule every 3 days, regardless of whether a participant was experiencing a migraine attack. Secondary endpoints included safety and tolerability. Clinical safety measurements were monitored throughout the study.ResultsOf the 31 participants enrolled, 26 completed the study. A single dose of ubrogepant had no statistically significant effect on atogepant pharmacokinetics. Co‐administration of ubrogepant with atogepant resulted in a 19% increase (geometric mean ratio 118.80, 90% confidence interval [CI] 108.69–129.84) in the ubrogepant area under the plasma concentration‐time curve and a 26% increase (geometric mean ratio 125.63, 90% CI 105.58–149.48) in the ubrogepant maximum plasma concentration. These statistically significant changes in ubrogepant exposure were not clinically meaningful, and no new safety concerns were identified for the combination.ConclusionThe combination use of atogepant and ubrogepant was safe and well tolerated in adult participants with a history of migraine enrolled in the study. Pharmacokinetic changes during co‐administration were not clinically meaningful.
Alaska pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) proteins and hydrolysed polypeptides: a systematic review of their potential bioactivities
Authors: Negara Bertoka Fajar Surya Perwira , Bashir Khawaja Muhammad Imran , Park Yongjoon , Shim Kil Bo , Kim Jin‐Soo , Park Shin Young , Lee Jung‐Suck , Sohn Jae‐Hak , Choi Jae‐Suk 
Published: January 2023

SummaryAlaska pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) is a marine fish that lives in the North Pacific Ocean. G. chalcogrammus contains high nutritional value, especially protein. Alaska pollock proteins (APP) and its peptides have been reported to have biological activities. However, the biological activities of APP have not been reviewed so far. The aim of this study was to review the published research on APP and its peptides, as well as their potential biological activities, using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We used ScienceDirect, PubMed and Web of Science to identify the relevant references. In total, 43 studies were obtained and reviewed after the filtering process. Most of the research has focused on APP's prospective biological activities. The current study revealed that APP possesses biological activities, including skeletal muscle hypertrophy, anti‐obesity, anti‐cholesterol, blood glucose‐lowering and anti‐non‐alcoholic fatty liver effects. Peptides that are hydrolysed from APP possess biological activities, such as ACE inhibition, antioxidant effects, immunomodulation, anti‐diabetic, mineral chelation and wound healing activities. Only a few clinical studies were available on either APP or the respective peptides. Therefore, further study is needed to completely understand the potential of APP and the associated peptides as novel nutraceutical and functional food, as well as to evaluate their effects in humans.
Industrial productivity dilemma in management and economics: Retrospect and prospect
Authors: Zheng Fei , Li Yuhua , Jian Ze , Lu Ren 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIndustrial productivity dilemma refers to a situation in which modifying and refining existing technologies helps maximize an industry's productivity but constrains productivity from leaping forward. As substantial research exists on this topic in both management and economics, we seek to clarify the concept and its utility. We synthesize relevant studies in various disciplines by reviewing 731 pieces of literature. We summarize various mechanisms that explain why, as the industry develops, the proportion of disruptive innovation declines and the ratio of productivity research and development increases. Our results suggest that industrial productivity dilemma occurs because under a given technological paradigm, there are economic and natural limits to technological development. Only through disruptive innovation can industries improve their long‐term adaptability to the environment and promote industrial upgrading or forming new industries. Although with modern technology developments, industrial productivity dilemma may be resolved, because some giant firms can balance the exploration–exploitation conflict well; moreover, structural problems occur as productivity is unbalanced among firms. The productivity dilemma (and its by‐product, the structural problem) will always exist. We develop a conceptual framework based on the environment, industry, firm, and policy dimensions to guide future research.
Mandatory social label system as a super‐nudge to reduce intention‐behaviour gap and increase responsible consumption
Authors: Bosco Luigi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this paper I discuss the proposal of a mandatory and internationally recognised system of social labelling as an attempt to at least partially reconcile free trade and democracy, modifying the Rodrik trilemma. A mandatory social labelling system can be seen as a super‐nudge in the sense of Thaler and Sunstein. I argue that only a mandatory social labelling system can do the job. The current voluntary system is structurally unable to increase socially responsible consumption and to power up an endogenous race to the top in labour standards. I analyse the difference between a voluntary and a mandatory labelling system and discuss the advantages of the latter. It emerges that there are reasons to claim that a mandatory system could sharply reduce the intention‐behaviour gap and increase socially responsible consumption, reducing the negative effect of the Rodrick trilemma. A mandatory social labelling system can therefore determine a race to the top in labour regulation, instead of the race to the bottom witnessed in recent decades, with some useful by‐products in terms of within‐country income distribution and fostering the democratic process in emerging economies.
Activation of healing and reduction of pain by single‐use automated microcurrent electrical stimulation therapy in patients with hard‐to‐heal wounds
Authors: Kurz Peter , Danner Gabriele , Lembelembe Jean‐Paul , Nair HariKrishna K. R. , Martin Robin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEvidence shows that Electrical Stimulation Therapy (EST) accelerates healing and reduces pain, but EST has yet to become widely used. One reason is the historical use of complex, clinic‐based EST devices. This evaluation assessed the early response of different hard‐to‐heal wounds to a simple, wearable, single‐use, automated microcurrent EST device (Accel‐Heal, Accel‐Heal Technologies Limited ‐ Hever, UK). Forty wounds (39 patients: 18 female ‐ 21 male), mean age 68.9 ± 14.0 years comprised of: seven post‐surgical, three trauma, 12 diabetic foot (DFU), 10 venous (VLU), four pressure injuries (PI), four mixed venous or arterial ulcers (VLU/arterial) received automated microcurrent EST for 12 days. Early clinical responses were scored on a 0–5 scale (5‐excellent—0‐no response). Pain was assessed at 48 h, seven days, and 14 days on a 0–10 visual analogue scale (VAS). Overall, 78% of wounds showed a marked positive clinical response (scores of 5 and 4). Sixty eight percent of wounds were painful with a mean VAS score of 5.5. Almost every patient (96%) with pain experienced reduction within 48 h. All patients with painful wounds experienced pain reduction after seven days: 2.50 VAS (45% reduction) and further pain reduction after 14 days: 1.83 VAS (33%).
An organizational design perspective on the monthly self‐scheduling process in nursing homes: A multiple case study
Authors: Wynendaele Herlinde , Gemmel Paul , Peeters Ellen , Myny Dries , Trybou Jeroen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimsTo describe the monthly self‐scheduling process in nursing homes (NH), to determine how specific organizational design characteristics (including interpersonal relationships and leadership style) influence this process, and to examine the effect on individual, team, and organization‐related outcomes.DesignA multiple case study using an organizational design perspective as the overarching theoretical and explanatory framework.MethodsData collection was performed in four Belgian NH during Spring 2019 using semi‐structured interviews (n = 39), documents, and observations. Open, axial, and selective coding was used for the data reduction process, and a within‐case and cross‐case analysis was performed. The COREQ checklist was used for reporting the findings.ResultsOne group (two NH) used self‐scheduling because it corresponds with their decentralized organizational design. Together with a motivating head nurse and additional resources during the core phase of the process, this led to positive outcomes. In contrast, another group used self‐scheduling under the assumption that it would solve the mismatch between their organizational design and other organizational problems, which resulted in less positive work attitudes.ConclusionSelf‐scheduling should match the organizational structure and culture. Additional resources and an adaptive leadership style can help mobilize and support employees. Future research may use quantitative methods to confirm positive outcomes.ImpactThis study contributes to the rare literature on self‐scheduling in NHs by focusing on the monthly self‐scheduling process and by including an organizational design perspective. NH management can become informed of different self‐scheduling methodologies and the impact of specific organizational characteristics on this process. Head nurses can become aware that they need to adapt their leadership style to obtain improved outcomes.Patient or Public ContributionThree members of the study team met with several caregivers during field visits to conduct interviews and to observe the monthly self‐scheduling process.
Managerial litigation risk and corporate investment efficiency: Evidence from universal demand laws
Authors: Li Leonard Leye , Monroe Gary S. , Coulton Jeff 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe examine the effect of managerial litigation risk on corporate investment efficiency. Exploiting the staggered adoption of universal demand (UD) laws in the United States and employing a stacked regression approach, we find that the exogenous reduction in litigation risk induced by UD laws leads to lower investment efficiency. Our results are robust to the use of alternative partitioning variables and variations in sample composition. We also find that the decrease in investment sensitivity and excessive risk‐taking are channels through which the reduced litigation rights lead to less efficient investments. Our results support the notion that weakened shareholder litigation rights lead to more severe agency conflicts and thus less efficient investment decisions.
Worker autonomy and performance: Evidence from a real‐effort experiment
Authors: Rattini Veronica 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWorker flexibility in effort allocation is a crucial factor for productivity and optimal job design. This paper runs a real‐effort experiment that manipulates both the degree and type of autonomy individuals have in scheduling their effort, and it examines the causal effects of these manipulations on final performance. The main findings come from comparing subjects with different levels of cognitive ability. Using individual data on scheduling decisions, I find significant baseline differences in performance and effort‐allocation strategies between high‐ and low‐cognitive ability subjects. Moreover, the experiment shows that high‐ability individuals reach higher performance when they have full scheduling flexibility while limiting any task‐ordering possibility increases the performance of low‐ability individuals. Overall, this paper provides new and robust evidence on the importance of cognitive ability in explaining effort‐allocation decisions, and it identifies job design interventions to increase the performance of high‐ and low‐ability workers.
Point‐of‐care access to clinical guidelines may improve management of incidental findings in the primary care setting
Authors: Annesi Chandler A. , Talutis Stephanie D. , Goldman Anna L. , Childs Ellen , Knapp Philip E. , McAneny David , Drake Frederick Thurston 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRationaleIncidental radiographic findings are common, and primary care providers (PCPs) are often charged with the conducting or initiating an appropriate evaluation. Clinical guidelines are available for management of common ‘incidentalomas’ including lung and adrenal nodules, but guidelines‐adherent evaluations are not always performed; for example, in the setting of incidental adrenal masses (IAMs), recent literature suggests that an evidence‐based evaluation occurs in <25% of patients for whom it is warranted—a quality and safety concern.Aims and ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to examine whether point‐of‐care access to concise clinical guidelines would promote appropriate evaluations of two common incidentalomas: IAMs and lung nodules.MethodThis study was a survey‐based, single‐blinded, randomized experiment of decision‐making within clinical vignettes. Respondents were PCPs in a variety of clinical practice settings, and half were randomly assigned to surveys that included concise clinical guidelines while the other half served as controls without access to guidelines. Scenarios involved patients with IAMs and lung nodules, and the scenarios included both higher‐risk and lower‐risk lesions. Our primary analysis examined safe versus inappropriate clinical decisions, while a secondary analysis compared guidelines‐concordant versus guidelines‐discordant responses.ResultsFor both the higher‐risk IAM and higher‐risk lung nodule scenarios, safe answer choices were selected at a similar rate by respondents regardless of whether they had access to guidelines or not. However, for the lower risk scenarios, inappropriate answer choices were chosen substantially more frequently by respondents without access to guidelines compared to those with the guidelines (lung: 29.3% vs. 4.5%, p = 0.003, adrenal: 31.6% vs. 7.0%, p = 0.01). There was less variation in the secondary analysis.ConclusionSurvey respondents were significantly more likely to make safe management decisions in lower‐risk clinical scenarios when clinical guidelines were available. Point‐of‐care access to clinical guidelines for incidentalomas is an intervention that may reduce management errors and improve patient safety.
DNA barcodes for the pipefish genus Corythoichthys (Actinopterygii: Syngnathiformes) from the Indian Ocean provide insights into cryptic diversity
Authors: Shalu Kannan , Thomas Liju , Ramvilas Ghosh , Shabeena Kadapurathillam S. , Philip Siby , Sureshkumar Sivanpillai , Raghavan Rajeev , Ranjeet Kutty 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe syngnathiform genus Corythoichthys comprises a group of taxonomically complex, tail‐brooding (Syngnathinae) pipefishes widely distributed in the Indo‐Pacific region. Due to the presence of overlapping interspecific morphological characters, reliable taxonomic information on Corythoichthys is still lacking. Using 52 CO1 sequences, including seven newly generated, a phylogenetic analysis was carried out to understand the genetic diversity, distribution and ‘species groups’ within the genus Corythoichthys. Species delimitation using Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD) analysis confirmed the presence of 13 species which include ‘species‐complexes’ previously considered as a single taxon. Our results revealed the presence of three species groups, ‘C. amplexus’, ‘C. conspicillatus’ and ‘C. haematopterus’ and four unidentified/undescribed species in the wider Indo‐Pacific realm. Interestingly, 60 sequences and a mitogenome identified as Corythoichthys in GenBank are misidentified at the genus level. Based on our findings, we suggest that the taxonomy and systematics of Corythoichthys need to be re‐examined and validated using integrative methods, and care should be taken while selecting specimens for genetic studies.
Screening and activity of potential gastrointestinal probiotic lactic acid bacteria against Yersinia ruckeri O1b
Authors: Amin Muhamad , Adams Mark B. , Burke Christopher M. , Bolch Christopher J. S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractYersiniosis of cultured Atlantic salmon is a recurrent fish health management challenge in many continents. The causative organism, Yersinia ruckeri, can reside latently in the gut and lead to acute infection and disease during hatchery and sea‐transfer stages. One potential prevention approach is the administration of probiotic bacteria to suppress gut colonization of Y. ruckeri. Our study aimed to isolate and identify anti‐Yersinia activity among lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of aquatic animals. Of the 186 aquatic GIT isolates examined, three strains showed diffusible antimicrobial activity towards Y. ruckeri O1b. Analysis of 16 s rRNA gene sequences indicated the three bacterial strains were Enterococci, related to Enterococcus sp. (99%), Enterococcus thailandicus (99%), and Enterococcus durans (99%). Anti‐Yersinia activity was maintained at neutral pH (~6.5–7.0), and in‐vitro environmental tolerance assays showed the three strains could withstand simulated salmonids gastrointestinal tract conditions of: low pH (3.4) and 3% bile salt content. All three Enterococci strains showed higher adhesion to the intestinal mucus of Atlantic salmon than Y. ruckeri O1b (E. durans 24%, E. enterococcus sp. 25% and E. thailandicus 98%, compared to Y. ruckeri O1b 5%). However, only Enterococcus sp. and E. thailandicus were able to grow in the salmon intestinal mucus broth while E. durans showed no growth. Anti‐Yersinia activity was completely inactivated by proteinase‐K treatment, suggesting that the active compound/s are proteinaceous and may be bacteriocin‐like inhibitory substances (BLIS). Our data indicate that Enterococcus sp. MA176 and E. thailandicus MA122 are potential probionts for the prevention of yersiniosis in salmonids. Further in‐vivo studies are required to determine whether these bacteria reduce the incidence of yersiniosis in Atlantic salmon.
Uncovering urban transportation infrastructure expansion and sustainability challenge in Bangkok: Insights from a material stock perspective
Authors: Khumvongsa Kronnaphat , Guo Jing , Theepharaksapan Suthida , Shirakawa Hiroaki , Tanikawa Hiroki 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDevelopment of transportation infrastructure that extends roads and railways in Bangkok has overlooked the negative environmental impact of construction material accumulation. To analyze the extent of this impact, we originally established road and railway's material intensity coefficients and investigated spatially explicit roadway and railway material stock (MS) for the years of 2004, 2009, 2014, 2019, and 2037, based upon the master plans’ target year. We further analyzed how MS evolution relates to the city's socio‐economic indicators and CO2 emission. Significant growth is found in transportation MS during 2004–2019, and roadways particularly increased from 122 to 164 million metric tons (Mt). The master plans would require 43 and 6.55 Mt construction materials for roadway and railway extension, respectively, by 2037. More material‐intensive roads (cross‐provincial highways and major local roads) built to the suburbs of the cities and underground/elevated structures of the mass rapid transit system in dense urban areas will require three times the annual cement and steel consumption of that in the 2004–2019 period. Furthermore, a 2–3 fold increase in the number of registered vehicles and associated CO2 emissions during the study period have brought questions to the transportation infrastructure MS efficiency. The findings of this study will enable informed decision‐making regarding the concern of resource consumption and for considering environmentally friendly approaches in urban transportation planning for Bangkok and other developing cities.