bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Bromelain on Chronic Unpredictable Stress-induced Behavioral,
Biochemical, and Monoamine Changes in Wistar Albino Rat Model of
Depression
Authors: Parasuraman Rajeshwari , Jayamurali Dheepthi , Manoharan Nivedita , Govindarajulu Sathya Narayanan 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Bromelain is a complex mixture of protease enzyme extract from the fruit or
stem of the pineapple plant and it has a history of folk medicine use. It is known to have a wide range
of biological actions and it is most commonly used as an anti-inflammatory agent, though scientists
have also discovered its potential as an anticancer and antimicrobial agent, it has been reported to have
positive effects on the respiratory, digestive, circulatory systems and potentially on the immune
system.

Objective:
This study was designed to investigate the antidepressant potential of Bromelain in the
chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) model of depression.

Methods:
We studied the antioxidant activity, and neuroprotective effect of Bromelain by analyzing
the fear and anxiety behavior, antioxidants, and neurotransmitter levels, and also by analyzing the
histopathological changes. Adult male Wistar albino rats were divided into 5 groups, Control;
Bromelain; CUS; CUS + Bromelain, CUS + fluoxetine. Animals of the CUS group, CUS + Bromelain
group, and CUS + Fluoxetine group were exposed to CUS for 30 days. Animals of the Bromelain
group and CUS + Bromelain group were treated orally with 40 mg/kg Bromelain throughout the
period of CUS whereas, the positive control group was treated with fluoxetine.

Results:
Results showed a significant decrease in oxidative stress marker (lipid peroxidation), and the
stress hormone cortisol, in Bromelain-treated CUS-induced depression. Bromelain treatment in CUS
has also resulted in a significant increase in neurotransmitter levels, which indicates the efficacy of
Bromelain to counteract the monamine neurotransmitter changes in depression by increasing their
synthesis and reducing their metabolism. In addition, the antioxidant activity of Bromelain prevented
oxidative stress in depressed rats. Also, hematoxylin and eosin staining of hippocampus sections has
revealed that Bromelain treatment has protected the degeneration of nerve cells by chronic
unpredictable stress exposure.

Conclusion:
This data provides evidence for the antidepressant-like action of Bromelain by preventing
neurobehavioral, biochemical, and monoamine alterations.
Association of MicroRNA-652 Expression with Radiation Response of
Colorectal Cancer: A Study from Rectal Cancer Patients in a Swedish
Trial of Preoperative Radiotherapy
Authors: Pathak Surajit , Meng Wen-Jian , Sriramulu Sushmitha , Jothimani Ganesan , Jangamreddy Jaganmohan Reddy , Banerjee Antara , Ganesan Alagu Theivanai , Adell Gunnar , Zhang Xueli , Sun-Zhang Alexander , Zhang Hong , Sun Xiao-Feng 
Published: April 2023

Background::
Radiotherapy is a standard adjuvant therapy in patients with progressive rectal
cancer, but many patients are resistant to radiotherapy, leading to poor prognosis. Our study identified
microRNA-652 (miR-652) value on radiotherapy response and outcome in rectal cancer patients.

Methods:
miR-652 expression was determined by qPCR in primary rectal cancer from 48 patients with
and 53 patients without radiotherapy. The association of miR-652 with biological factors and the
prognosis was examined. The biological function of miR-652 was identified through TCGA and GEPIA
database searches. Two human colon cancer cell lines (HCT116 p53+/+ and p53-/-) were used for
in vitro study. The molecular interactions of miR-652 and tumor suppressor genes were studied
through a computational approach.

Results:
In RT patients, miR-652 expression was significantly decreased in cancers when compared to
non-radiotherapy cases (P=0.002). High miR-652 expression in non-RT patients was with increased
apoptosis marker (P=0.036), ATM (P=0.010), and DNp73 expression (P=0.009). High miR-652 expression
was related to worse disease-free survival of non-radiotherapy patients, independent of gender,
age, tumor stage, and differentiation (P=0.028; HR=7.398, 95% CI 0.217-3.786). The biological
functional analysis further identified the prognostic value and potential relationship of miR-652 with
apoptosis in rectal cancer. miR-652 expression in cancers was negatively related to WRAP53 expression
(P=0.022). After miR-652 inhibition, the estimation of reactive oxygen species, caspase activity,
and apoptosis in HCT116 p53+/+ cells was significantly increased compared with HCT116 p53-/-
cells after radiation. The results of the molecular docking analysis show that the miR652-CTNNBL1
and miR652-TP53 were highly stable.

Conclusions:
Our findings suggest the potential value of miR-652 expression as a marker for the prediction
of radiation response and clinical outcome in rectal cancer patients.
Association of Human Endogenous Retrovirus-W (HERV-W)
Copies with Pemphigus Vulgaris
Authors: Semsari Hanieh , Babaei Esmaeil , Ranjkesh Mohammadreza , Esmaili Nafiseh , Mallet François , Karimi Abbas 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Pemphigus is classified as a group of chronic, recurrent, and
potentially fatal bullous autoimmune diseases that leads to blisters and skin lesions
resulting from IgG antibodies and the loss of cellular connections in the epidermis.
Human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) sequences and their products (RNA, cytosolic
DNA, and proteins) can modulate the immune system and contribute to autoimmunity.
The extent to which, HERV-W env copies may be involved in the pathogenesis of
pemphigus remains to be elucidated.

Aim:
This study aimed to comparatively evaluate the relative levels of HERV-W env
DNA copy numbers in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of pemphigus
vulgaris patients and healthy controls.

Methods:
Thirty-one pemphigus patients and the corresponding age- and sex-matched
healthy controls were included in the study. The relative levels of HERV-W env DNA
copy numbers were then evaluated by qPCR using specific primers, in the PBMCs of the
patients and controls.

Results:
Our results indicated that relative levels of HERV-W env DNA copy numbers in
the patients were significantly higher than that in the controls (1.67±0.86 vs. 1.17±0.75;
p = 0.02). There was also a significant difference between the HERV-W env copies of
male and female patients (p = 0.001). Furthermore, there was no relationship between
the HERV-W env copy number and disease onset (p = 0.19). According to the obtained
data, we could not find any relationship between the HERV-W env copy number and
serum Dsg1(p=0.86) and Dsg3 (p=0.76) levels.

Conclusion:
Our results indicated a positive link between the HERV-W env copies and
pathogenesis of pemphigus. The association between clinical severity score and HERVW
env copies in the PBMCs as a biomarker for pemphigus needs further studies.
Current State of Platelet-rich Plasma in the Treatment of Rheumatic
Disease: A Retrospective Review of the Literature
Authors: Jacobs Adam , Elghawy Omar , Lugo Baruqui Diego , Aly Elghawy Ahmed 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
Rheumatic diseases are a spectrum of autoimmune or inflammatory diseases that cause damage to the musculoskeletal system as well as vital organs, such as the heart, lungs, kidneys, and central nervous system.

Methods:
The study of rheumatic disease has made great pro-gress in the understanding and management of these conditions in the last few decades using dis-ease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and synthesized biological immunomodulating therapies. How-ever, one potential treatment that has not been well investigated in rheumatic disease is platelet-rich plasma (PRP). PRP is proposed to facilitate the healing of injured tendons and ligaments through a variety of mechanisms, including mitogenesis, angiogenesis and macrophage activation via cyto-kine release, although its exact mechanism is unclear.

Result::
There has been a great deal of work in determining the exact preparation method and composition of PRP for regenerative purposes in or-thopedic surgery, sports medicine, dentistry, cardiac surgery, pediatric surgery, gynecology, urolo-gy, plastic surgery, ophthalmology, and dermatology. Despite this, there is a paucity of research on the impact of PRP on rheumatic disease

Conclusion::
This study aims to summarize and evaluate the current research concerning the use of PRP in rheumatic disease.
Current Status of Pharmacokinetic Research of Clinical Trial Records in
the Female Population in India: A Systematic Review
Authors: Velmurugan Hemasri , Thangaraju Pugazhenthan 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Pharmacological treatment influence men and women in distinct ways. Over
the last decade, pharmacological research has significantly enhanced our understanding of many elements determining medicine prescription. The objective of this study is to carefully assess the clinical
pharmacokinetic studies involved female subjects in India.

Methods:
We conducted a systematic review to assess clinical trial records' pharmacokinetic data in
the female population of all age groups. The keywords 'pharmacokinetics’ or 'pharmacokinetic parameters’ or ‘bioavailability’ was used in the clinicaltrials.gov website and clinical trial registry of India
[CTRI] website to find eligible clinical trials or records carried out between January 1, 2000 and June
30, 2022. Interventional studies, pharmacokinetics, pharmacokinetic parameters, bioavailability, female participants, India were all included in an advanced search filter on the two websites.

Results:
In a total of 714 records, 17 (2.4%) records of interventional clinical trials with pharmacokinetic data involving the female population were assessed. All 17 trials were conducted in 15 research
settings, with 27.3% of studies conducted in Maharashtra, followed by Karnataka (12.7%) and New
Delhi (9.1%). A total of 30 pharmacokinetic parameters were studied in trials with peak concentration
(C max) and area under the curve (AUC) of plasma or tissue concentration, accounting for 23.3% of
the trials. The majority of drug trials focused on treating neoplasms accounted for 14 trials (76.4%).

Conclusions:
This review provides an overview of the current status and gaps in pharmacokinetic research in female populations. More studies should be conducted to properly examine the often limited
data available on pharmacokinetic studies to guide trial design to make future clinical trials feasible
and economical
Evaluation of the Adsorptive Performance of Rambutan-shaped γ-Al2O3
Micro-nanostructure against Wastewater Containing the Azo Dye: Methyl
Orange
Authors: Ju Zheng , Xu Jing , Zhang Jingui , Kong Jing , Shen Ming 
Published: April 2023

Aim:
The aim of this study is to explore and evaluate the possibility of rambutan-shaped
micro-nanostructured γ-Al2O3 material’s usage as an adsorbent in industrial wastewater processing.

Background:
Every year, more than 7 million tons of dyestuff-containing wastewater are produced
in the industry. Although there are many adsorbents like fly ash and clays, the shortages limit their
actual applications. It is still necessary to find a new cheaper adsorbent.

Objective:
The paper aimed to investigate the adsorption capacity and decolorization ability of rambutan-
shaped γ-Al2O3 material synthesized via a composite soft template method.

Methods:
The rambutan-shaped γ-Al2O3 material was prepared and characterized via XRD, TEM,
FE-SEM, and FT-IR (See our group’s published article in “Ming Shen*, et al., Acta Phys.-Chim.
Sin. 2013, 29 (10), 2286-2294”). The methyl orange aqueous solution was selected as the model of
industrial wastewater. The methyl orange solution (15.0 mg·L-1) with different pH (2~9) was exposed
to a series of amounts of γ-Al2O3 powder ranging from 10.0 to 70.0 mg. Different concentrations
of methyl orange solution, ranging from 5.0 to 200.0 mg·L-1 were also tested with the same
amount of γ-Al2O3 powder (50.0 mg). The adsorption-calcination cycle analysis was performed
with methyl orange solution (50.0 mg·L-1) and 500.0 mg of γ-Al2O3 powder at pH=3.

Results:
The γ-Al2O3 material exhibits excellent adsorption capacity (114.10 mg·g-1) towards acidic
methyl orange aqueous solution. At the same time, the decolorization rate of the γ-Al2O3 material
reaches about 88%. This material still keeps a 50% decolorization rate after 6 repeats of the adsorption-
calcination cycle. Moreover, the excellent self-sedimentation ability of this material also provides
an easy separation for future industrial applications.

Conclusion:
The γ-Al2O3 material with rambutan-like micro-nanostructure presents excellent adsorption
capacity/decolorization ability and self-sedimentation ability. It can be used as a new type
of adsorbent for wastewater processing. The rambutan-shaped micro-nanostructure plays an important
role in maintaining the adsorption ability of the γ-Al2O3 material.
Co-delivery of Siape1 and Melatonin by 125I-loaded PSMA-targeted Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Liu Ying , Hao Lin , Dong Yang , Dong Bing-Zheng , Wang Xin-Lei , Liu Xing , Hu Zheng-Xiang , Fang Gao-Chuan , Wang Guang-Yue , Qin Jia-Xin , Shi Zhen-Duo , Pang Kun 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Both apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1 (APE1) inhibition
and melatonin suppress prostate cancer (PCa) growth.

Objective:
This study evaluated the therapeutic efficiency of self-assembled and prostate-specific
membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted nanocarrier loading 125I radioactive particles and encapsulating
siRNA targeting APE1 (siAPE1) and melatonin for PCa.

Methods:
The linear polyarginine R12 polypeptide was prepared using Fmoc-Arg-Pbf-OH. The
PSMA-targeted polymer was synthesized by conjugating azide-modified R12 peptide to PSMA
monoclonal antibody (mAb). Before experiments, the PSMA-R12 nanocarrier was installed with
melatonin and siAPE1, which were subsequently labeled by 125I radioactive particles. In vitro biocompatibility
and cytotoxicity of nanocomposites were examined in LNCaP cells and in vivo biodistribution
and pharmacokinetics were determined using PCa tumor-bearing mice.

Results:
PSMA-R12 nanocarrier was ~120 nm in size and was increased to ~150 nm by melatonin
encapsulation. PSMA-R12 nanoparticles had efficient loading capacities of siAPE1, melatonin,
and 125I particles. The co-delivery of melatonin and siAPE1 by PSMA-R12-125I showed synergistic
effects on suppressing LNCaP cell proliferation and Bcl-2 expression and promoting cell apoptosis
and caspase-3 expression. Pharmacokinetics analysis showed that Mel@PSMA-R12-125I particles
had high uptake activity in the liver, spleen, kidney, intestine, and tumor, and were accumulated
in the tumor sites within the first 8 h p.i., but was rapidly cleared from all the tested organs at
24 h p.i. Administration of nanoparticles to PCa tumors in vivo showed that Mel@PSMA-R12-
125I/siAPE1 had high efficiency in suppressing PCa tumor growth.

Conclusion:
The PSMA-targeted nanocarrier encapsulating siAPE1 and melatonin is a promising
therapeutic strategy for PCa and can provide a theoretical basis for patent applications.
Survival Prediction of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Based on the
Prognostic Index and Sparrow Search Algorithm-Support Vector Machine
Authors: Wang Yanfeng , Zhang Wenhao , Yang Yuli , Sun Junwei , Wang Lidong 
Published: April 2023

Aim:
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the highest incidence and mortality
cancers in the world, and recent studies show that the incidence of ESCC is on the rise, and the
mortality rate remains high. An effective survival prediction model can assist physicians in treatment
decisions and improve the quality of patient survival.

Introduction:
In this study, ESCC prognostic index and survival prediction model based on blood indicators
and TNM staging information are developed, and their effectiveness is analyzed.

Methods:
Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and COX regression analysis are used to find influencing factors
that are significantly associated with patient survival. The binary logistic regression method is utilized
to construct a prognostic index (PI) for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Based on
the sparrow search algorithm (SSA) and support vector machine (SVM), a survival prediction model for
patients with ESCC is established.

Results:
Eight factors significantly associated with patient survival are selected by Kaplan-Meier survival
analysis and COX regression analysis. PI is divided into four stages, and the stages can reasonably
reflect the survival condition of diverse patients. Compared with the other four existing models, the
sparrow search algorithm-support vector machine (SSA-SVM) proposed in this paper has higher prediction
accuracy.

Conclusion:
In order to accurately and effectively predict the five-year survival rate of patients with
ESCC, a survival prediction model based on Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, COX regression analysis,
binary logistic regression and support vector machine is proposed in this paper. The results show that
the method proposed in this paper can accurately predict the five-year survival rate of ESCC patients.
Microbiological Quality of Feed
Authors: Zadravec Manuela , Mikuš Tomislav , Pradervand Nicolas , Vrhovnik Igor Ujčič 
Published: April 2023

Background:
In most countries, the microbiological quality of complete feed mixtures, grains, silages and hay is sadly a much-underrated aspect of official feed control. Monitoring the microbiological quality of feeds downgrades any of the poor quality feeds and stimulates feed mills to produce better quality feeds, therefore, enforcing the prominence of high-quality feeds on the market.

Objectives:
To collect the results of the microbiological feed quality, done over a period of one year, all of which originate from Croatia, Slovenia, and Switzerland. Furthermore, identify the presence of feedingstuffs with poor microbiological quality in some parts of the European market and therefore have the most impact on animal health and welfare.

Methods:
Feed quality was assessed through a single Verband deutscher landwirtschaftlicher Untersuchungs - und Forschungsanstalten (VDLUFA) method based on a systematic approach, which categorizes feed into categories from 1 to 4 according to bacteria, moulds, and yeasts content, and their ecology and hazard significance.

Results:
Although the most analyzed samples of feed belong to the most desirable quality level 1, it should be emphasized that almost all feed types can be found samples of quality level 4, unacceptable for feed.

Conclusion:
The obtained results give an overview of the advantages of monitoring the microbiological quality of feeds for governmental authorities, producers, and consumers alike and potentially provide more information concerning the new aspects of the risk assessment of certain types of feeds or their raw materials.
Refractive Error Prevalence in South Indian Youngsters Studying Professional Courses
Authors: Masimania Vinothini , Ravindrana Yazhini , Raghavendran Srikanth , Selvaraj Stalin 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
The aim of this study is to find the prevalence of refractive error within the south Indian University student population and correlates it with their lifestyle and food habits.

Methods:
The student community was randomly selected in the university and asked various questions like age, gender, iris colour, food habit, and body mass index using a standard questionnaire using google forms. A total of 74 students were selected for the professional institute with the age group of 20 to 22. From our analysis, half of the female population (48.33%) and three fourth of the male population (69.56%) were found to have refractive error is the most prevalent refractive error in this population (100%). Female students (55.17%) showed less refractive error in contradiction,male individuals (75%) exhibited higher prevalence. Refractive error is equally distributed between black (55.55%) and brown (53.84%) eyed individuals. People with higher fast food uptake are at high risk of refractive error (57.57%).

Results:
Myopia was observed higher in the urban population in comparison to the rural population. The modified Plackett Burman method is used to predict the phenotypic characteristics among the different factors analysed.

Conclusion:
From the observations, we developed the mathematical model to validate the various parameters and finally we concluded that black eyeball colour and females have a significant influence on myopic incidence.
Untangling Intimate Care Experiences for Patients Admitted to Public Hospitals in South Africa
Authors: Shakwane Simangele 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Hospital admission can be a traumatic and humiliating experience for patients due to the institutionalised attire they must wear. Intimate care may trigger experiences of helplessness and disrespect due to exposure to their body parts and having to be touched by nurses.

Objective:
This research aimed to explore and describe patients’ perceptions of their bodies and their experiences of intimate care execution during their hospital stay.

Methods:
A qualitative explorative-descriptive design and Trauma-informed care framework were used to explore and describe the participants’ perceptions and experiences of intimate care execution during admission to the two sampled hospitals. Twenty participants admitted to medical and surgical units were purposively recruited. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews, and thematic analysis was used to give meaning to the data.

Results:
Three overarching themes emerged from the data: the sacredness of the human body; Patients want their dignity to be respected during intimate care and touch; and creating the nurse-patient intimate care relationship. Patients wish the nurses to maintain their dignity and privacy. Intimate care and touch should be initiated in a safe environment where patients can make informed decisions.

Implications for Nursing:
Declothing of personal attire during admission violates patients’ dignity and privacy and is dehumanising. During intimate care and touch, nurses should create a cultural, religious and gender safe environment, allowing inpatients to make informed decisions regarding the care provided to their bodies.

Conclusion:
Patients’ beliefs system should be incorporated into autonomy and informed decisions about the care to be provided to naked bodies. Hospitalisation should not reinforce physical and psychological trauma. Respect and dignity are paramount when caring for the patient’s body.