bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term Trajectories of Depressive Symptoms in Deployed Military Personnel: A 10-year prospective study
Authors: Plas Xandra , Bruinsma Bastiaan , van Lissa Caspar J. , Vermetten Eric , van Lutterveld Remko , Geuze Elbert 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundMilitary missions are associated with an increased risk of depression. Understanding the long-term development of depressive symptoms after deployment is important to improve decision-making regarding deployment and mental health policies in the military. Therefore, this study aims to investigate trajectories of depressive symptoms from pre- to post-deployment and assess the role of specific factors, such as demographics, early life trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and deployment stressors, in the Dutch army.MethodsThe study includes a cohort of 1032 military men and women deployed to Afghanistan between 2005 and 2008. From pre-to 10 years post-deployment (across 6 distinct time points), depressive and PTSD symptoms were assessed using the Symptom CheckList-90 (SCL-90) and the Self-Rating Inventory for PTSD (SRIP) respectively. Demographics, early trauma, and deployment experiences were collected at baseline and after deployment, respectively. Latent Class Growth Analysis was used to explore heterogeneity in developmental trajectories of depressive symptoms over time.ResultsThe study identified four trajectories for depressive symptoms: resilient (65%), intermediate-stable (20%), symptomatic-chronic (9%), and late-onset-increasing (6%). The late-onset-increasing group had the highest proportion of individuals younger than 21 years. In addition, the resilient group was less likely to have experienced deployment stressors and the symptomatic-chronic group reported more early life traumas compared to the other groups. For individuals classified in trajectories with higher levels of depressive symptoms, PTSD symptoms were higher at all time points.ConclusionsMultiple trajectories for depressive symptoms were identified in a military sample up to 10 years after deployment. These trajectories were associated with age, early trauma, deployment stressors and PTSD symptoms. The majority of the sample fell within the resilient trajectory, supporting the notion that deployed military personnel possess a high level of resilience. Overall, these findings provide valuable insights and a foundation for further research in this area.
Post-recovery health domain scores among outpatients by SARS-CoV-2 testing status during the pre-Delta period
Authors: King Jennifer P. , Chung Jessie R. , Donahue James G. , Martin Emily T. , Leis Aleda M. , Monto Arnold S. , Gaglani Manjusha , Dunnigan Kayan , Raiyani Chandni , Saydah Sharon , Flannery Brendan , Belongia Edward A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundSymptoms of COVID-19 including fatigue and dyspnea, may persist for weeks to months after SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study compared self-reported disability among SARS-CoV-2-positive and negative persons with mild to moderate COVID-19-like illness who presented for outpatient care before widespread COVID-19 vaccination.MethodsUnvaccinated adults with COVID-19-like illness enrolled within 10 days of illness onset at three US Flu Vaccine Effectiveness Network sites were tested for SARS-CoV-2 by molecular assay. Enrollees completed an enrollment questionnaire and two follow-up surveys (7–24 days and 2–7 months after illness onset) online or by phone to assess illness characteristics and health status. The second follow-up survey included questions measuring global health, physical function, fatigue, and dyspnea. Scores in the four domains were compared by participants’ SARS-CoV-2 test results in univariate analysis and multivariable Gamma regression.ResultsDuring September 22, 2020 – February 13, 2021, 2,712 eligible adults were enrolled, 1,541 completed the first follow-up survey, and 650 completed the second follow-up survey. SARS-CoV-2-positive participants were more likely to report fever at acute illness but were otherwise comparable to SARS-CoV-2-negative participants. At first follow-up, SARS-CoV-2-positive participants were less likely to have reported fully or mostly recovered from their illness compared to SARS-CoV-2-negative participants. At second follow-up, no differences by SARS-CoV-2 test results were detected in the four domains in the multivariable model.ConclusionSelf-reported disability was similar among outpatient SARS-CoV-2-positive and -negative adults 2–7 months after illness onset.
Temperature sensitivity of bat antibodies links metabolic state with antigen-recognition diversity
Authors: Toshkova Nia , Zhelyzkova Violeta , Reyes-Ruiz Alejandra , Haerens Eline , de Castro Deus Marina , Lacombe Robin V. , Lecerf Maxime , Gonzalez Gaelle , Jouvenet Nolwenn , Planchais Cyril , Dimitrov Jordan D. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBat immune system features multiple unique properties such as dampened inflammatory responses and increased tissue protection, explaining their long lifespan and tolerance to viral infections. Here, we demonstrated that body temperature fluctuations corresponding to different physiological states in bats exert a dramatic impact on their antibody repertoires. At elevated temperatures typical for flight, IgG fromMyotis myotisandNyctalus noctulashowed elevated antigen binding strength and diversity, recognizing both pathogen-derived antigens and autoantigens. The opposite was observed at temperatures reflecting inactive physiological states. This behavior was not observed for IgG antibodies of human and other mammals, or antibodies of birds. Importantly, diversification of bat antibody specificities resulted in preferential recognition of damaged endothelial and epithelial cells, indicating an anti-inflammatory function. The temperature-sensitivity of bat antibodies was mediated by the variable regions of immunoglobulin molecules. Additionally, we revealed specific molecular features of bat IgG such as low thermodynamic stability and implication of hydrophobic interactions in antigen binding as well as high prevalence of polyreactivity. Overall, our results extend the understanding of bat tolerance to disease and inflammation and highlight the link between metabolism and immunity. This might have important repercussions for human health in the future.
Scanpro: robust proportion analysis for single cell resolution data
Authors: Alayoubi Yousef , Bentsen Mette , Looso Mario 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn higher organisms, individual cells respond to signals and perturbations by epigenetic regulation such as adjustment of gene expression. However, in addition to shifting their transcriptional profile, the adaptive response of cells can also lead to shifts in the proportions of different cell types. Recent methods such as scRNA-seq allow for the interrogation of expression on the single cell level, and can quantify individual cell type clusters within complex tissue samples. In order to identify clusters showing differential composition between different biological conditions, differential proportion analysis has recently been introduced. However, bioinformatics tools for robust proportion analysis of both replicated and unreplicated single cell datasets are critically missing. In this manuscript, we present Scanpro, a modular tool for proportion analysis, seamlessly integrating into widely accepted frameworks in the Python environment. Scanpro is fast, accurate, supports datasets without replicates, and is intended to be used by bioinformatics experts and beginners alike.
A Weights-based variant ranking pipeline for familial complex disorders
Authors: Ralli Sneha , Vira Tariq , Robles-Espinoza Carla Daniela , Adams David J. , Brooks-Wilson Angela R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIdentifying genetic susceptibility factors for complex disorders remains a challenging task. We have developed a weights-based pipeline to prioritize variants and genes in collections of small and large pedigrees where genetic heterogeneity is likely, but biological commonalities are plausible. TheWeights-based vAriantRanking inPedigrees (WARP) pipeline prioritizes variants using 5 weights: disease incidence rate, number of cases in a family, genome fraction shared amongst cases in a family, allele frequency and variant deleteriousness. Weights, except for the population allele frequency weight, are normalized between 0 to 1. Weights are combined multiplicatively to produce family-specific-variant weights that are then averaged across all families in which the variant is observed to generate a multifamily weight. Sorting multifamily weights in descending order creates a ranked list of variants and genes for further investigation. WARP was validated using familial melanoma sequence data from the European Genome-phenome Archive. The pipeline identified variation in known germline melanoma genesPOT1, MITFandBAP1in 4 out of 13 families (31%). Analysis of the other 9 families identified several interesting genes, some of which might have a role in melanoma. WARP provides an approach to identify disease predisposing genes in studies with small and large pedigrees.
ReducedPIN1gene expression in neocortical and limbic brain regions in female Alzheimer’s patients correlates with cognitive and neuropathological phenotypes
Authors: de Ávila Camila , Suazo Crystal , Nolz Jennifer , Cochran J. Nicholas , Wang Qi , Velazquez Ramon , Dammer Eric , Readhead Benjamin , Mastroeni Diego 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTWomen have a higher incidence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), even after adjusting for increased longevity. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify the molecular networks that underpin the sex-associated risk of AD. Recent efforts have identifiedPIN1as a key regulator of tau phosphorylation signaling pathway. Pin1is the only gene, to date, that when deleted can cause both tau and Aβ-related pathologies in an age-dependent manner. We analyzed multiple brain transcriptomic datasets focusing on sex differences inPIN1mRNA levels, in an aging and AD cohort, which revealed reducedPIN1levels driven by females. Then, we validated this observation in an independent dataset (ROS/MAP) which also revealed thatPIN1is negatively correlated with multiregional neurofibrillary tangle density and global cognitive function, in females only. Additional analysis revealed a decrease inPIN1in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) compared with aged individuals, again, driven predominantly by female subjects. Our results show that while both male and female AD patients show decreasedPIN1expression, changes occur before the onset of clinical symptoms of AD in females and correlate to early events associated with AD risk (e.g., synaptic dysfunction). These changes are specific to neurons, and may be a potential prognostic marker to assess AD risk in the aging population and even more so in AD females with increased risk of AD.Graphical abstract
Ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke lesion environments differentially alter the glia repair potential of neural progenitor cell and immature astrocyte grafts
Authors: Adewumi Honour O , Berniac Gabriela I , McCarthy Emily A , O’Shea Timothy M 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUsing cell grafting to direct glia-based repair mechanisms in adult CNS injuries represents a potential therapeutic strategy for supporting functional neural parenchymal repair. However, glia repair directed by neural progenitor cell (NPC) grafts is dramatically altered by increasing lesion size, severity, and mode of injury. To address this, we studied the interplay between astrocyte differentiation and cell proliferation of NPCin vitroto generate proliferating immature astrocytes (ImA) using hysteretic conditioning. ImA maintain proliferation rates at comparable levels to NPC but showed robust immature astrocyte marker expression including Gfap and Vimentin. ImA demonstrated enhanced resistance to myofibroblast-like phenotypic transformations upon exposure to serum enriched environmentsin vitrocompared to NPC and were more effective at scratch wound closurein vitrocompared to quiescent astrocytes. Glia repair directed by ImA at acute ischemic striatal stroke lesions was equivalent to NPC but better than quiescent astrocyte grafts. While ischemic injury environments supported enhanced survival of grafts compared to healthy striatum, hemorrhagic lesions were hostile towards both NPC and ImA grafts leading to poor survival and ineffective modulation of natural wound repair processes. Our findings demonstrate that lesion environments, rather than transcriptional pre-graft states, determine the survival, cell-fate, and glia repair competency of cell grafts applied to acute CNS injuries.
Respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospital admissions by deprivation levels among children and adults in Scotland
Authors: Osei-Yeboah Richard , Zhu Fuyu , Wang Xin , Nair Harish , Campbell Harry 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundSocioeconomic deprivation may predispose individuals to respiratory tract infections (RTI). We aimed to estimate the number and rate of RSV-associated hospitalisations by socioeconomic status using the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD).MethodsUsing national routine healthcare records and virological surveillance from 2010-2016, we used a time-series linear regression model and a direct measurement based on ICD-10 coded diagnoses to estimate RSV-associated hospitalisations by SIMD level and age and compared to influenza-associated hospitalisations.ResultsUsing the model-based approach, we estimated an annual average rate per 1000 of 0.76 (95%CI: 0.43-0.90) for individuals of all ages in the least deprived group (5thquintile of SIMD) to 1.51 (1.03-1.79) for the most deprived group (1stquintile). Compared with the least deprived group, we estimated that the rate ratio (RR) was 1.96 (95%CI: 1.23-3.25), 1.60 (1.0- 2.66), 1.35 (0.85-2.25), and 1.12 (0.7-1.85) in the 1stto 4thquintile. The pattern of RSV- associated RTI hospitalisation rates variation with SIMD was most pronounced in children aged 2 years and below. The ICD-10 direct measurement approach provided much lower rates than the model-based approach but yielded similar RR estimates between SIMD groups.ConclusionHigher RSV hospitalisation rates are seen in the Scottish population of higher deprived levels. The differences between deprivation levels are most pronounced in infants and young children.
Probing the DCAF12 interactions with MAGEA3 and CCT5 C-terminal degrons
Authors: Righetto Germanna Lima , Yin Yanting , Vu Victoria , Duda David , Szewczyk Magdalena , Zeng Hong , Li Yanjun , Loppnau Peter , Mei Tony , Li Yen-Yen , Seitova Alma , Brazeau Jean-Francois , Barsyte-Lovejoy Dalia , Santhakumar Vijayaratnam , Chaudhry Charu , Halabelian Levon 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTDCAF12 is the substrate recognition component of the CRL4 E3 ligase complex that can recognize C-terminal double-glutamic acid degrons to promote degradation of its cognate substrates via the ubiquitin proteasome system. MAGEA3 and CCT5 proteins were reported to be cellular targets of DCAF12. To further characterize the DCAF12 interactions with both MAGEA3 and CCT5, we developed a suite of biophysical and a proximity-based cellular NanoBRET assays showing that both MAGEA3 and CCT5 C-terminal degron peptides interact with DCAF12 in nanomolar affinityin vitro andin cells. Furthermore, we report here the 3.17 Å cryo-EM structure of DCAF12-DDB1-MAGEA3 complex revealing the key DCAF12 residues involved in C-terminal degron recognition and binding. Our study provides new tools and resources to enable the discovery of small molecule handles targeting the WDR domain of DCAF12 for future PROTAC design and development.
Non-monotonic Relationship between Mutation Rate and Speed of adaptation under Antibiotic Exposure inEscherichia coli
Authors: Shibai Atsushi , Izutsu Minako , Kotani Hazuki , Furusawa Chikara 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe mutation is a fundamental source of biological evolution that create genetic variation in populations. Mutations can create new advantageous traits, but also potentially interfere with pre-existing organismal functions. Therefore, organisms may have evolved their mutation rates to appropriate levels to maintain or improve their fitness. In this study, we aimed to experimentally quantify the relationship between mutation rate and the speed of antibiotic resistance evolution. We conducted experimental evolution using twelveEscherichia colimutator strains with increased mutation rates and five antibiotics. Our results showed that the highest mutation rate did not necessarily lead to the highest speed of adaptation, indicating a non-monotonic relationship between the speed of drug resistance evolution and mutation rate as expected. Moreover, this relationship was observed to differ among drugs, with significant differences in peak size observed between bacteriostatic and bactericidal antibiotics. We also successfully reproduced the mutation-rate dependence of the speed of adaptation using numerical simulation of a population dynamics model. These findings offer significant insights into the mutation rate’s evolution concomitant with the development of antibiotic resistance.
Risk of urban Mayaro virus (Alphavirus: Togaviridae) transmission: isAedes aegyptia competent vector?
Authors: Beranek Mauricio Daniel , Giayetto Octavio , Fischer Sylvia , Diaz Adrián Luis 
Published: August 2023

SummaryMayaro virus (MAYV) is an emerging pathogen endemic in Latin America and is the causative agent of fever and polyarthritis. Urban transmission depends on its ability to be transmitted byAedes aegyptiand to be amplified by humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility to infection and transmission and the presence of barriers to infection in different populations ofAe. aegyptifor MAYV.Ae. aegyptieggs were collected from Córdoba, Buenos Aires and Rosario Cities (Argentina). Females were infected with five viral loads of MAYV strain (1 to 6 log10PFU/ml) and maintained for 8 days. The presence of infectious viral particles in body, legs, and saliva was detected by plaquing assay in Vero cell monolayers. Through a bibliographic search,Ae. aegyptipopulation data from Perú were incorporated and tested with different viral doses of MAYV. We build dose-response curves forAe. aegyptipopulations to estimate infection (IR), dissemination (DR) and transmission (TR) based on MAYV viral loads detected in humans to estimate transmission risk occurring in an urban environment. The overall IR and DR were significantly associated with the viral doses and were not significantly affected by population origin. We found IR ranging for 3 to 84% (ID50% were higher than 5.5 log10PFU/ml) and a DR reached 78% (DD50% higher than 6.0 log10PFU/ml). The percentage of dissemination based on the infected mosquitoes ranged from 60 to 86% while the percentage of transmission based on disseminated mosquitoes ranged from 11 to 60%. Our results indicate thatAe. aegyptipopulations are not competent vectors for MAYV because they need higher viral doses than those developed by humans (3.9 – 4.5 log10PFU/ml) to become infected. Only a very low proportion of infected mosquitoes with high 5 log10PFU/ml are capable of transmitting it.
Conserved and tissue-specific immune responses to biologic scaffold implantation
Authors: DeStefano Sabrina , Josyula Aditya , Faust Mondreakest , Fertil Daphna , Lokwani Ravi , Ngo Tran B. , Sadtler Kaitlyn 
Published: August 2023

1.ABSTRACTUpon implantation into a patient, any biomaterial induces a cascade of immune responses that influences the outcome of that device. This cascade depends upon several factors, including the composition of the material itself and the location in which the material is implanted. There is still significant uncertainty around the role of different tissue microenvironments in the immune response to biomaterials and how that may alter downstream scaffold remodeling and integration. In this study, we present a study evaluating the immune response to decellularized extracellular matrix materials within the intraperitoneal cavity, the subcutaneous space, and in a traumatic skeletal muscle injury microenvironment. All different locations induced robust cellular recruitment, specifically of macrophages and eosinophils. The latter was most prominent in the subcutaneous space. Intraperitoneal implants uniquely recruited B cells that may alter downstream reactivity as adaptive immunity has been strongly implicated in the outcome of scaffold remodeling. These data suggest that the location of tissue implants should be taken together with the composition of the material itself when designing devices for downline therapeutics.
Identifying signals of memory from observations of animal movements
Authors: Kim Dongmin , Thompson Peter R , Wolfson David , Merkle Jerod , Oliveira-Santos L. G. R. , Forester James D. , Avgar Tal , Lewis Mark A. , Fieberg John 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIncorporating memory (i.e., some notion of familiarity or experience with the landscape) into models of animal movement is a rising challenge in the field of movement ecology. The recent proliferation of new methods offers new opportunities to understand how memory influences movement. However, there are no clear guidelines for practitioners wishing to parameterize the effects of memory on moving animals. We review approaches for incorporating memory into Step-Selection Analyses (SSAs), a frequently used movement modeling framework. Memory-informed SSAs can be constructed by including spatial-temporal covariates (or maps) that define some aspect of familiarity (e.g., whether, how often, or how long ago the animal visited different spatial locations) derived from long-term telemetry data. We demonstrate how various familiarity covariates can be included in SSAs using a series of coded examples in which we fit models to wildlife tracking data from a wide range of taxa. We discuss how these different approaches can be used to address questions related to whether and how animals use information from past experiences to inform their future movements. We also highlight challenges and decisions that the user must make when applying these methods to their tracking data. By reviewing different approaches and providing code templates for their implementation, we hope to inspire practitioners to investigate further the importance of memory in animal movements using wildlife tracking data.