bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aortoesophageal fistula complicated by mycotic aneurysm secondary to endoscopic procedures: A case report
Authors: Hafezeftekhari Shokrollah , Khoroushi Farzaneh , Bozorgi Hossein 
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical MessageAortoesophageal fistula (AEF) is a rare cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding that often receives little attention in the emergency department. The classic presentation includes the Chiari triad of central chest pain, sentinel arterial bleeding, and subsequent evacuation after an asymptomatic period. For patients suspected of having AEF, a CT scan with IV contrast is the preferred diagnostic modality. In our patient, the presence of an aortic wall outpouching, ectopic gas, periaortic fat stranding, and leukocytosis, even in the absence of fever and positive blood culture, suggested mycotic aneurysm with AEF. The unique aspect of this case report is the occurrence of AEF as a rare complication of endoscopic procedures, which should be considered. Treatment options for AEF include surgery and thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR). TEVAR is a good option for stabilizing the patient's condition and reducing mortality in the short term. Once the patient's condition is suitable for AEF repair surgery, surgical intervention can be performed.
Influence of nitrogen rate on yield and profitability of rye grain production
Authors: Szuleta Elżbieta , Shockley Jordan M. , Knott Carrie , Phillips Timothy , Van Sanford David A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRye (Secale cereale L.) grain production in Kentucky is insufficient to meet the needs of distillers and bakers, in part because there is a knowledge gap about rye management that discourages farmers from choosing this crop. We conducted an economic study to develop recommendations for profitable rye grain production. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of two different nitrogen (N) rates (35 lb N acre−1 and 70 lb N acre−1) on yield and profitability of winter rye grain production. Experiments were conducted in 2020–2021 season at three Kentucky locations: Lexington, Princeton, and Adairville. Twenty‐four rye entries were planted in a split plot design experiment and the two N rates (35 lb N acre−1 and 70 lb N acre−1) were assigned to main plots. There was no significant difference in mean yield between 35 and 70 lb N acre−1. This indicates that less investment in N fertilizer will not adversely affect grain yield level, will enhance profitability of production, and will benefit distillers due to the higher alcohol yield associated with higher starch and lower protein levels.
A hybrid ensemble machine learning model for detecting APT attacks based on network behavior anomaly detection
Authors: Saini Neeraj , Bhat Kasaragod Vivekananda , Prakasha Krishna , Das Ashok Kumar 
Published: July 2023

SummaryA persistent, targeted cyber attack is called an advanced persistent threat (APT) attack. The attack is mainly launched to gain sensitive information, take over the system, and for financial gain, which creates nowadays more hurdles and challenges for the organization in preventing, detecting, and recovering from such attacks. Due to the nature of APT attacks, it is difficult to detect them quickly. Therefore machine learning techniques come into these research areas. This study uses deep and machine learning models such as random forest, decision tree, convolutional neural network, multilayer perceptron and so forth to categorize and effectively detect APT attacks by utilizing publicly accessible datasets. The datasets used in this study are CSE‐CIC‐IDS2018, CIC‐IDS2017, NSL‐KDD, and UNSW‐NB15. This study proposes the hybrid ensemble machine learning model, a mixed approach of random forest and XGBoost classifiers. It has obtained the maximum prediction accuracy of 98.92%, 99.91%, 99.24%, and 97.11% for datasets CSE‐CIC‐IDS2018, CIC‐IDS2017, NSL‐KDD, and UNSW‐NB15, with a false positive rate of 0.52%, 0.12%, 0.62%, and 5.29% respectively. These results are compared to other closely related recent studies in the literature. Our experiment's findings show that our model has performed significantly better for all datasets.
Understanding Refractive Index Changes in Homologous Series of Unbranched Organic Compounds Based on Beer's Law
Authors: Mayerhöfer Thomas G. , Spange Stefan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractChanges of the refractive index for homologous series of hydrocarbons are usually plotted versus the density. While there is a clear linear dependence for alkanes and alkenes, the linearity deteriorates for homologous series with functional groups involving heteroatoms. The slope can even become negative, e. g., for carboxylic acids. For gaining a deeper understanding and to establish a more general correlation, we reinvestigate the corresponding theories starting with the Newton‐Laplace, Gladstone‐Dale and the Lorentz‐Lorenz rules. We revisit the concept of molar refractivity pioneered by Landolt and Brühl and show that it is closely connected with a twin of Beer's law. We conclude that the refractive index of homologues series should better be plotted versus the molar concentration of the main UV‐chromophore, the C−H bond, which actually causes the refractive index changes. This new approach is not limited to alkanes and alkenes but holds for homologous series with functional groups including heteroatoms.
HSF4/COIL complex‐dependent R‐loop mediates ultraviolet‐induced inflammatory skin injury
Authors: Feng Yi‐qian , Zhang Heng , Han Jing‐xia , Cui Bi‐jia , Qin Lu‐ning , Zhang Lei , Li Qing‐qing , Wu Xin‐ying , Xiao Nan‐nan , Zhang Yan , Lin Ting‐ting , Liu Hui‐juan , Sun Tao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntense ultraviolet (UV) exposure can cause phototoxic reactions, such as skin inflammation, resulting in injury. UV is a direct cause of DNA damage, but the mechanisms underlying transcriptional regulation within cells after DNA damage are unclear. The bioinformatics analysis of transcriptome sequencing data from UV‐irradiated and non‐UV‐irradiated skin showed that transcription‐related proteins, such as HSF4 and COIL, mediate cellular response to UV irradiation. HSF4 and COIL can form a complex under UV irradiation, and the preference for binding target genes changed because of the presence of a large number of R‐loops in cells under UV irradiation and the ability of COIL to recognize R‐loops. The regulation of target genes was altered by the HSF4–COIL complex, and the expression of inflammation and ageing‐related genes, such as Atg7, Tfpi, and Lims1, was enhanced. A drug screen was performed for the recognition sites of COIL and R‐loop. N6‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐adenosine can competitively bind COIL and inhibit the binding of COIL to the R‐loop. Thus, the activation of downstream inflammation‐related genes and inflammatory skin injury was inhibited.
Considerations on effort, precision and accuracy for long‐term monitoring of African lions (Panthera leo), when using Bayesian spatial explicit capture–recapture models, in fenced protected areas
Authors: Ball Isabella A. , Marneweck David G. , Elliot Nicholas B. , Gopalaswamy Arjun M. , Fritz Herve , Venter Jan A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntensive management is frequently required in fenced wildlife areas to reduce deleterious effects of isolation. Decisions on how best to manage such wildlife are ideally informed by regular and reliable estimates of spatiotemporal fluctuations in population size and structure. However, even in small, fenced areas, it is difficult and costly to regularly monitor key species using advanced methods. This is particularly the case for large carnivores, which typically occur at low density and are elusive yet are central to management decision‐making due to their top–down effects in ecosystems and attracting tourism. In this study, we aimed to provide robust estimates of population parameters for African lions (Panthera leo) and use the data to inform a resource‐efficient long‐term monitoring programme. To achieve this, we used unstructured spatial sampling to collect data on lions in Pilanesberg National Park, a small (~550 km2) fenced protected area in South Africa. We used Bayesian spatial capture–recapture models to estimate density, abundance, sex ratio and home range size of lions over the age of 1 year. Finally, to provide guidance on resource requirements for regular monitoring, we rarefied our empirical data set incrementally and analysed the subsets. Lion density was estimated to be 8.8 per 100 km2 (posterior SD = 0.6), which was lower than anticipated by park management. Sex ratio was estimated close to parity (0.9♀:1♂), consistent with emerging evidence in fenced lion populations, yet discordant with unfenced populations, which are usually ~2♀:1♂ in healthy, source populations. Our rarefied data suggest that a minimum of 4000 km search effort needs to be invested in future monitoring to obtain accurate and precise estimates, while assuming similar detection rates. This study demonstrates an important utility of Bayesian spatial explicit capture–recapture methods for obtaining robust estimates of lion densities and other important parameters in fence‐protected areas to inform decision‐making.
Having cake and eating too: The benefits of an intermediate larval form in a brittle star Amphiodia sp. opaque (Ophiuroidea)
Authors: Nakata Nicole N. , Emlet Richard B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMost marine invertebrate larvae either obligately feed or depend on maternally provided reserves during planktonic development. A small number of species have the capacity to do both, in a mode of development known as facultative planktotrophy. We describe facultative feeding in a larva from the Oregon coast, and identify it as being an undescribed species in the genus Amphiodia, which we refer to as Amphiodia sp. opaque. We quantified the effects of food on larval and juvenile quality by culturing larvae, collected as embryos, with and without microalgal food at 15°C. The resulting juveniles were monitored under conditions of starvation. A cohort of juveniles of larvae caught as plankton was subjected to the same starvation treatment for comparison with our laboratory‐reared larvae. We observed benefits to offspring that received food: larvae provided with microalgae developed more quickly and metamorphosed at higher rates. Furthermore, juveniles resulting from fed larvae were larger and were able to avoid starvation for longer after metamorphosis. Our results varied across two experimental years, suggesting that provisions provided by parents vary between populations and years. Juveniles from planktonic larvae exhibited sizes not statistically different from larvae cultured in the absence of food, but died from starvation more quickly.
A wolf in sheep's clothing: The perils of exploitative leadership
Authors: Majeed Mehwish , Fatima Tasneem , Irshad Muhammad 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDespite extensive scholarly inquiry into destructive leadership, research on leaders’ self‐serving and exploitative behaviour is in its initial stages. This multi‐study investigation contributes to this body of literature. Study 1 was conducted to test the serial mediation of state suspicion (SS) and supervisor‐based cynicism between exploitative leadership and employee procrastination. It involved collecting single‐source time‐lagged data from textile industry employees in Pakistan. Study 2 replicated the findings of study 1 in the information technology (IT) industry by using multi‐source time‐lagged data. It extended the suggested model by proposing negative workplace gossip about supervisors as an outcome of exploitative leadership and employee procrastination. The results of study 1 (N = 279) and study 2 (N = 244) supported the serial mediation of SS and supervisor‐based cynicism between exploitative leadership and employee outcomes.
Cause analysis and suppression method of the vortex at the impeller outlet of the multiblade centrifugal fan
Authors: Lei Jian , Jia Cheng , Cui Qin , Cheng Weiguo , Qin Guoliang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIndoor air conditioning systems play a crucial role in regulating the environmental conditions of enclosed spaces. The noise generated by such systems can significantly impact human comfort. The multiblade centrifugal fan, as a crucial component of indoor air conditioners, has a significant impact on the performance of the air conditioner. The vortex, which is the primary noise source inside the fan, hinders the aerodynamic noise reduction of the indoor unit. During experimental research and numerical simulation of the indoor unit, the researchers identified the presence of a vortex flow at the outlet of the multiblade centrifugal fan. By analyzing the velocity vector of different cross‐sections in the fan, the researchers determined the formation mechanism and influencing factors of the vortex at the fan's outlet. The addition of fairing sheet plates on the volute wall was explored as a vortex suppression method, which proved effective in weakening and suppressing the vortex. The test results showed that under the same air volume, the noise reduction amplitude of the fan equipped with fairing sheet blades was 1.2 dB at an outlet static pressure of 30 Pa and 0.7 dB at an outlet static pressure of 100 Pa. The research findings suggest that the addition of the fairing sheet can effectively reduce the vortex's intensity, improve the performance of the multiblade centrifugal fan, and reduce the noise.
Enhancing the performance of consolidated voltage–frequency control of multi‐area hybrid interconnected power systems using electric vehicles
Authors: Dekaraja Biswanath , Saikia Lalit Chandra 
Published: July 2023

AbstractElectricity consumers desire a reliable and uninterrupted power supply for their equipment. Frequency and voltage are fluctuated due to the increase in intermittent renewable sources in the power systems. To mitigate these problems, a novel multi‐term fractional‐order PID (MFOPID) controller is proposed for improving the combined voltage‐frequency control of a three‐area hydrothermal system (THS) that incorporates a realistic dish‐Stirling solar thermal system (RDSTS). Suitable nonlinearity constraints are considered in both thermal‐hydro units. The proposed controller parameters are optimized using the artificial flora algorithm. Electric vehicle (EV) fleets have been introduced for the first time into the system under consideration. The MFOPID controller outperforms the PID with filter coefficient (PIDN) controller, according to a comparative assessment of the system dynamic responses under various investigations. Investigations exhibit that the system dynamic performance marginally degrades after the incorporation of the RDSTS into all control area of the three‐area THS. The analysis reveals that the assimilation of EVs into the considered system provides better system damping and reduces oscillations and peak deviations. The efficiency of electric vehicles is influenced by battery state‐of‐charge (SOC). The system performance deteriorates when the SOC of the EVs is more than 80% charging and less than 50% discharging at the time of disturbance. Moreover, the MFOPID controller provides a faster injection of EV power into the system during perturbation compared to the PIDN controller. Sensitivity analysis validated the MFOPID controller's sturdiness against numerous physical system conditions.
Development and demonstration of a data visualization platform of short-term guidelines for ambient air levels of benzene during disaster response in Houston, Texas
Authors: Danforth Cloelle G. , Portier Christopher , Ensor Kathy B. , Hopkins Loren , Evans Bryan , Quist Arbor J. L. , McGraw Katlyn E. , Craft Elena 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Industrial disasters have caused hazardous air pollution and public health impacts. Response officials have developed limited exposure guidelines to direct them during the event; often, guidelines are outdated and may not represent relevant elevated-exposure periods. The 2019 Intercontinental Terminals Company (ITC) fire in Houston, Texas led to large-scale releases of benzene and presented a public health threat. This incident highlights the need for effective response and nimble, rapid public health communication. We developed a data-driven visualization tool to store, display, and interpret ambient benzene concentrations to assist health officials during environmental emergencies. Guidance values to interpret risk from acute exposure to benzene were updated using recent literature that also considers exposure periodicity. The visualization platform can process data from different sampling instruments and air monitors automatically, and displays information publicly in real time, along with the associated risk information and action recommendations. The protocol was validated by applying it retrospectively to the ITC event. The new guidance values are 6–30 times lower than those derived by the Texas regulatory agency. Fixed-site monitoring data, assessed using the protocol and revised thresholds, indicated that eight shelter-in-place and 17 air-quality alerts may have been considered. At least one of these shelter-in-place alerts corresponded to prolonged, elevated benzene concentrations (~1000 ppb). This new tool addresses essential gaps in the timely communication of air pollution measurements, provides context to understand potential health risks from exposure to benzene, and provides a clear protocol for local officials in responding to industrial air releases of benzene. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:533–546. © 2023 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
Visual Lean planning tools in the construction industry: A Norwegian case study
Authors: Witte Caroline Saatvedt , Kokkula Satyanarayana , Muller Gerrit 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDespite being the world's most significant contributor to the global Gross Domestic Product, the construction industry has untapped potential in its productivity, with frequent project delays and conflicts. Thus, a growing number of contractors implement visual Lean tools, such as the Last Planner® System (LPS). The paper explores the essential visual Lean planning elements to increase the cohesion between planning and production in construction projects through a project case study and lessons learned in the industry. The research indicates that look‐ahead plans, soundness checks, early phase planning, BIM models, and applying visual Lean planning in both the design and production phases are critical success factors when using the LPS.
Illustrating Business Relevance of Systems Engineering via Storytelling
Authors: Siviy Jeannine , Stolzar Lauren , McKinney Dorothy , Sheard Sarah 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMany software‐centric organizations do not embrace Systems Engineering, whether lacking awareness or perceiving it too onerous for value delivered. While some embrace Digital Engineering, Design, and Innovation to advance their market position, some continue to experience sub‐optimal results and downstream consequences.These realities show Systems Engineering becoming inconsequential in today's business settings, to the detriment of success and customer value. Effective storytelling, showcasing situational implementation of the right elements of Systems Engineering, can address this.Stories engage, inspire, and create connection. When layered with multiple dimensions and meaning, they become timeless.This paper describes four vignettes about enhancing success in software‐intensive enterprises by leveraging Systems Engineering in context, flexibly and fit for use, and compatibly with other disciplines. The vignettes illustrate how Systems Engineering strengthens performance and positions for flexibility, adaptability, and resilience in a fast‐changing, complex world.The paper concludes with implications for Systems Engineering outreach, leadership, and influence.
An Introduction to Semantic Threat Analysis for Systems Security Engineering
Authors: Potember Richard S. , Balhana Carlos d'Aragona , Obrst Leo J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe objectives of this paper are (a) to motivate the adoption of semantic graphical models of threat relations and countermeasures in the design and operation of cyber‐physical systems (CPS), and (b) to raise awareness of the various benefits which systems security engineers (SSEs) stand to gain by adopting such practices. Specifically, we propose that a Semantic Threat Analysis (STA) can endow SSEs with a comprehensive, extensible, machine‐readable, and logically inferable model of system features. An STA shaped to the specific architecture and security requirements of a CPS environment can support the identification and visualization of system interdependencies and process flows among network, computing, mechanical, security, and access control components. The proposed STA process presupposes a team‐oriented systems engineering approach employing a combination of subject matter experts (SMEs) and ontologists who can bring their respective expertise together to bear on the task.
Practical Experience Applying Feature‐based Product Line Engineering in a DevOps Environment: Achieving the Best of Both Worlds
Authors: Pedone Chris , Hartley David , Darbin Rowland , Clements Paul 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSystems and Software Product Line Engineering (PLE) is an engineering discipline to produce and maintain a family of similar products in an efficient manner. It has long been known that managing a product portfolio as a single entity, as opposed to a multitude of separate products, can bring substantial improvements in schedule, cost, and quality. DevOps is an engineering discipline, practiced within an infrastructure of test and deployment automation, that seeks to minimize the time that a change to a product is made, and the product is built, validated, deployed, and made available to the end users. Many organizations find themselves willing to employ both disciplines – that is, to employ DevOps for products in a product line. This paper shows how that can be done, relates a case where it was done, and reports on the substantial benefits that were realized.
Empowering Engineers in a Digital Engineering Transition: Applying organizational psychology and systems thinking approaches to define the problem and to develop recommended actions
Authors: Dawson Sandra , Batchelor Ann 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAs an organization implements an enterprise organizational change: transition from Traditional Document‐based Systems Engineering (TDSE) to Digital Engineering (DE), engineers are critical in accepting and implementing the change. The DE transition impacts established engineering tools, processes, and practices in which the engineers have confidence and know well. Engineers have spent their careers developing a level of competence in TDSE. Uncertainty associated with this organizational change increases stress, decreases job satisfaction, and impacts commitment among engineers. The engineering culture reflects attitudes of resistance and uncertainty.This paper analyzes the DE transition from organizational psychology and systems thinking approaches. The combination of these two approaches enables the identification of an intervention and recommended actions to empower engineers in the DE transition. With consideration of the research findings in the organizational psychology literature search and applying systems thinking tools, three actions of the intervention are proposed focusing on knowledge transfer, training, and communication.
The ISO‐15288 technical processes, system maturity, and conceptual gaps
Authors: Collyer Keith , Wright Liz , Hill Alexander 
Published: July 2023

AbstractISO 15288 and the INCOSE Systems Engineering Handbook define technical (and other) processes but do not really explain why we need all of them. This paper formalizes the technical processes specifically in terms of the changes in maturity that each enacts and why these particular changes are necessary. This in turn clarifies the need for each process and places the processes on a sound philosophical footing.