bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Marxism and Homosexual Liberation
Authors: Gaido Daniel 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The decriminalisation of homosexuality was a measure originally adopted by the bourgeois revolutions, which was abandoned by the bourgeois parties as the rise of the labour movement led the bourgeoisie to seek a compromise with landlords, clergy and monarchy in different countries. The demand to decriminalise homosexuality was therefore taken over by the Marxist workers’ parties, such as the Social-Democratic Party of Germany before the First World War and the Bolshevik Party in Russia after the Revolution of October 1917. This article outlines the cooperation between the Scientific-Humanitarian Committee led by Magnus Hirschfeld and Social Democracy to decriminalise homosexuality by removing Paragraph 175 of the German Penal Code before the First World War. It also describes the decriminalisation of homosexuality in Russia under Lenin, with the adoption of the first Soviet Penal Code in June 1922, and Magnus Hirschfeld’s relations with prominent figures of the early Soviet government such as N.A. Semashko, the first People’s Commissar of Public Health, and Anatoly Lunacharsky, the first People’s Commissar for Education. Those ties ceased with the Nazis’ rise to power in January 1933, which resulted in the destruction of the institutions created by Hirschfeld, such as the Institute for Sexual Science and the World League for Sexual Reform, while in the Soviet Union itself Stalin recriminalised homosexuality in March 1934, shortly before Hirschfeld’s death, linking homosexuality and fascism.
On the Path to Universalism? The Role of External Instruments in the European Court of Human Rights Jurisprudence
Authors: Nilsson Isak 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In the multi-layered system of international human rights law, the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) uses not only its own case-law but also external instruments (ei s) when interpreting the European Convention on Human Rights (echr). This article explores the horizontal judicial borrowing practice of the Court until 2020. The landscape includes a wide range of different sources, but with a clear preference for Council of Europe instruments and secondly United Nations sources. Bridging what ei s are cited with how they are used, a case-study is performed investigating the functions that the ei s serve under Article 3 echr. Although it is uncommon, explicitly relying on ei s suggests that the Court views it to be legitimate. Yet, it is not uncontroversial. The Court’s motivations in citing ei s can be understood as justified from a universal human rights perspective, and susceptible to criticism from the perspective that it could undermine State sovereignty.
The US at the Margins of Business and Human Rights
Authors: Palombo Dalia 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The US often portrays human rights to be Western values America cherishes. But what happens when American corporations abuse human rights transnationally? While a decade ago, the US could be considered to be one of the most advanced jurisdictions in terms of business and human rights litigation, now it is no longer the case. The US Judicial, Legislative and Executive branches all appear to be behind a number of other countries in terms of ensuring that domestic corporations respect human rights and the environment transnationally. In the past decade, US courts have substantially limited the possibility of suing corporations for transnational torts; US lawmakers have failed to adopt a mandatory due diligence law of general application requiring US multinationals to oversee and prevent human rights and environmental abuses in their supply chains; and the US Government, under three separate administrations (the Obama, Trump and Biden) have consistently opposed a UN treaty initiative for the Elaboration of an international legally binding instrument on transnational corporations and other business enterprises with respect to human rights. Is this negative trend reversible?
Holding Corporations Liable for Breaches of Indigenous Peoples’ Right to a Healthy Environment in Colombia: Chimera or Reality?
Authors: Martini Pauline , López Velásquez María Paula 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The article examines whether corporations can be held liable for breaches of Indigenous peoples’ right to a healthy environment in Colombia. After exposing the scope of the right in the international, regional and Colombian legal orders, it tackles Colombia’s obligation to protect it against infringements committed by third parties, and to provide judicial remedies in the event of breaches. Then, it discusses how the absence of a binding international and national legal frameworks imposing obligations on corporations in environmental matters affect available judicial remedies for Indigenous peoples. It argues that the Colombian Constitutional Court and the Special Jurisdiction for Peace have attempted to fill the void left by the legislator. Whilst the first has acknowledged the existence of obligations on corporations in environmental matters, the second has recognized Indigenous territories as subjects of rights in order to further protect Indigenous rights and overall environment. It concludes by a few recommendations.
A Piece of Qing History
Authors: Sárközi Ildikó Gyöngyvér 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The roots of the genealogy writing tradition of the Chinese Sibe go back to the Qing Dynasty. This tradition has played a crucial role to create a genealogical community of the Sibe: genealogies were the material carriers of knowledge preserved about their ancestors and their past. However, many of the genealogies were lost during the turbulent time of the twentieth century, and although numerous Sibe clans embark on reproducing their own family trees, it is only the memory of the elderly they can most often draw on. This study is intended to present and highlight the significance a specific collection of genealogies compiled by a self-taught Sibe historian, offering valuable sources for conduct research on the history of the Qing-dynasty and the Sibe.
Reconstructing Giovanni Vacca’s Collection in the Vatican Library
Authors: Bréard Andrea 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This article reconstructs an important but specific portion of Giovanni Vacca’s personal library: his books related to mathematics in Chinese language. Collected during his stay in China from 1907 to 1908, they were donated to the Vatican Library after his death. The article combines detailed archival and bibliographic research with an analysis of handwritten annotations in mathematical books in the Library’s collection R. G. Oriente in order to identify which books were previously owned by Vacca. This not only allows us to contextualize his sojourn in China and understand better his intellectual interests in Chinese science and the way he read and translated Chinese mathematical texts, but it also contributes to a more detailed picture of the Chinese book market in the early twentieth century.
Automatic Detection of Rainfall at Hourly Time Scales from Mooring Near-Surface Salinity in the Eastern Tropical Pacific
Authors: Chkrebtii Oksana A. , Bingham Frederick M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We explore the use of ocean near-surface salinity (NSS), that is, salinity at 1-m depth, as a rainfall occurrence detector for hourly precipitation using data from the Salinity Processes in the Upper-Ocean Regional Studies–2 (SPURS-2) mooring at 10°N, 125°W. Our proposed unsupervised learning algorithm consists of two stages. First, an empirical quantile-based identification of dips in NSS enables us to capture most events with hourly averaged rainfall rate of >5 mm h−1. Overestimation of precipitation duration is then corrected locally by fitting a parametric model based on the salinity balance equation. We propose a local precipitation model composed of a small number of calibration parameters representing individual rainfall events and their location in time. We show that unsupervised rainfall detection can be formulated as a statistical problem of predicting these variables from NSS data. We present our results and provide a validation technique based on data collected at the SPURS-2 mooring.

Significance Statement
Continuous monitoring of precipitation in the ocean is challenging when a physical rain gauge is not available in the region of interest. Indirect detection of precipitation using available data, such as changes in ocean near-surface salinity (NSS) can be used to construct a virtual rainfall detector. We propose to combine data-based and model-based methods to detect rainfall without the use of a physical rain gauge. We use NSS and precipitation data from a mooring in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean to develop and test the method.
Vocational rehabilitation in persons with mental illness in India: A scoping review
Authors: Thekkumkara Sreekanth , Rawat Vikram Singh , Jagannathan Aarti , Muliyala Krishna Prasad 
Published: June 2023

Background: Employment has a therapeutic impact, enhances community integration and improves the quality of life of persons with mental illness (PwMI). Vocational rehabilitation (VR) models must be sensitive to existing needs and resources. Several VR models have been tested in high income countries. Mapping different VR models in India would help both practitioners and policymakers. Aim: The study aimed to comprehensively review VR models tested among PwMI in India. Methods: We adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews extension for Scoping Reviews. We included interventional studies, case studies and grey literature carried out for the VR of PwMI in India. The search was done in PubMed, PsychInfo, worldwide science and Web of Science. Google Scholar was used to supplement the search. A Boolean search using MeSH terms was carried out for the period January 2000 to December 2022. Results: A total of twelve studies (one feasibility study, four case studies, four institute-based intervention studies and two studies reporting NGOs’ role) were included in the final synthesis. The studies included in the review were either quasi-experimental studies or case based. Types of VR included supported employment or place and train or train and place models, case management and prevocational skills training. Conclusion: Limited studies exist on VR in PwMI from India. Most studies assessed a restricted set of outcomes. The experiences of NGOs should be published so that practical challenges can be understood. There is a need for public-private partnerships in designing and testing services and should involve all the stakeholders.
Religiosity & mental health seeking behaviors among U.S. adults
Authors: Boateng Augustine Cassis Obeng , Sebu Joshua , Lekwauwa Ruby , Britt Katherine C. , Oh Hayoung , Doolittle Benjamin 
Published: June 2023

Objectives The association between religiosity and secular mental health utilization is unclear. Evidence suggests that religious and spiritual leaders (R/S leaders) may be more trusted than secular mental health therapists (SMHTs) and are often the first point of contact for individuals with mental health problems who identify as religious. Methods Generalized equation estimate (GEE) analyses were used to examine the association between religiosity and mental health seeking behaviours in 2,107 participants using t Midlife in the United States Study (MIDUS) data collected between 1995 and 2014. Results The final model indicated that after adjusting for covariates, higher levels of baseline religious identification and baseline spirituality (assessed in 1995) predicted an increase in visits to R/S leaders from 1995 to 2014 by a factor of 1.08 (95% CI=1.01–1.16) and 1.89 (95% CI=1.56–2.28), respectively. Higher levels of baseline religious identification reduced SMHTs visits by a factor of 0.94 (95% CI=0.90–0.98), whereas higher levels of baseline spirituality increased SMHTs visits by a factor of 1.13 (95% CI=1.00–1.27) during the same timeframe. Conclusion Higher levels of spirituality and religious identification increased the frequency over time of seeking mental health support from R/S leaders relative to SMHTs. Individuals with mental illness may seek support from religious resources, mental health professionals, or both, underscoring the importance of collaboration between R/S leaders and SMHTs. Mental health training for R/S leaders and collaboration with SMHTs may help alleviate mental health burden, especially among those who highly value their religious and spiritual beliefs.
In-hospital stroke and mortality trends after left ventricular assist device implantation in the United States from 2017 to 2019
Authors: Lopez Jose , Mark Justin , Wahood Waseem , Lamaa Nader , Danckers Mauricio 
Published: June 2023

Background: The newer Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD), the HeartMate 3 (HM3), was initially approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2017. We aimed to describe the temporal trends of in-hospital stroke and mortality among patients who underwent LVAD placement between 2017 and 2019. Methods: The National Inpatient Sample was queried from 2017 to 2019 to identify all adults with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) who underwent LVAD implantation using the International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision codes. The Cochran-Armitage test was conducted to assess the linear trend of in-hospital stroke and mortality. In addition, multivariable regression analysis was conducted to assess the association of LVAD placement with in-hospital stroke and death. Results: A total of 5,087,280 patients met the selection criteria. Of those, 11,750 (0.2%) underwent LVAD implantation. There was a downtrend in in-hospital mortality per year (trend: −1.8%, p = 0.03), but not in the trend of both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke per year. LVAD placement was associated with greater odds of stroke of any type (OR = 1.96, 95% CI 1.68–2.29, p < 0.001) and in-hospital mortality (OR = 1.37, 95% CI 1.16–1.61, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Our study found a significant downtrend in the in-hospital mortality rates among patients with LVAD without substantial changes in stroke rate trends over the study timeframe. As stroke rates remained steady, we hypothesize that improved management along with better control of blood pressure, could have played an important role in survival benefit over the study time frame.
Management of Fall Risk Among Older Adults in Diverse Primary Care Settings
Authors: Shear Kristen , Rice Hannah , Garabedian Pamela M. , Bjarnadottir Ragnhildur , Lathum Nancy , Horgas Ann L. , Harle Christopher A. , Dykes Patricia C. , Lucero Robert 
Published: June 2023

Objectives Falls are persistent among community-dwelling older adults despite existing prevention guidelines. We described how urban and rural primary care staff and older adults manage fall risk and factors important to integration of computerized clinical decision support (CCDS). Methods Interviews, contextual inquiries, and workflow observations were analyzed using content analysis and synthesized into a journey map. Sociotechnical and PRISM domains were applied to identify workflow factors important to sustainable CCDS integration. Results Participants valued fall prevention and described similar approaches. Available resources differed between rural and urban locations. Participants wanted evidence-based guidance integrated into workflows to bridge skills gaps. Discussion Sites described similar clinical approaches with differences in resource availability. This implies that a single intervention would need to be flexible to environments with differing resources. Electronic Health Record’s inherent ability to provide tailored CCDS is limited. However, CCDS middleware could integrate into different settings and increase evidence use.
Adsorption characteristics of bovine serum albumin on the surface of 316L stainless steel coated with diethoxydimethylsilane/chitosan composite films
Authors: Chang Shih-Hang , Kuan Yen-Ting 
Published: June 2023

In this study, diethoxydimethylsilane (DEDMS) was blended with chitosan (CS) to fabricate DEDMS/CS composite films, which were deposited on the surface of 316L stainless steel to assess their anticoagulant properties. A neat CS film exhibits a high concentration of bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein adhesion of 458.3 ± 6.2 μg/L in a bicinchoninic acid protein assay because the carbonyl and amide functional groups on the CS surface easily form hydrogen bonds with the carboxylic acid functional groups of the BSA protein. The DEDMS/CS composite films exhibited lower BSA adhesion concentration than neat CS films because some of the carbonyl and amide functional groups on the surface of CS were replaced by the –Si-O-Si and –Si-(CH3)2 functional groups. Increasing the DEDMS content in the DEDMS/CS composite films led to a higher concentration of –Si-O-Si and –Si-(CH3)2 functional groups on the surface and lower BSA adhesion concentration. Blending excess amounts of DEDMS caused an undesirable rougher surface morphology because of the hydrolysis and self-condensation reactions of DEDMS; this deteriorated the anticoagulant properties of the composite films. The study confirmed that a DEDMS/CS composite film with an appropriate DEDMS/CS content ratio of 8/92 mL/mL possesses hydrophobic characteristics and the lowest BSA protein adhesion of 155.5 ± 1.0 μg/L and has potential for biomedical coating applications.
Study design of National Surveillance of the Work Environment of Employees in Denmark (NASWEED): Prospective cohort with register follow-up
Authors: Andersen Lars Louis , Bay Hans , Rugulies Reiner 
Published: June 2023

Aim: The aim is to report the design and baseline data of the ‘National Surveillance of the Work Environment of Employees in Denmark’ study (NASWEED). Methods: NASWEED consist of (a) bi-annual cross-sectional samples, based on probability samples of wage earners of the general working population in Denmark from 2021 onwards (surveillance), (b) a prospective cohort of all previous respondents every two years (epidemiology, questionnaire follow-up) and (c) longitudinal follow-up in Danish registers about work and health (epidemiology, register follow-up). Between February and May 2021, a stratified (38 occupational industries) probability sample of 63,391 Danish residents aged 15–69 years who were employed for at least 34 hours per month received an invitation to participate, of whom 30,099 (47.5%) completed the questionnaire, 897 (1.4%) partially completed the questionnaire and 32,395 (51.1%) did not respond. Baseline was completed in June 2021. NASWEED covers various topics about the work environment (psychosocial, ergonomic, chemical, biological, safety, accidents, working from home, etc), health behaviours and somatic and mental health-related conditions. Statistical analyses will mainly build on survey procedures with model-assisted weights to ensure that the sample will yield representative estimates of the general working population. Discussion: NASWEED will monitor the development of the work environment and health in Denmark until 2030. The survey data will be included in epidemiological studies with repeated measurement of the work environment, health variables and covariates, and follow-ups in national registers to investigate the prospective association in the years and decades to come between the work environment and workers’ health and labour market participation.
Development of textile printing ink using expanded polystyrene waste as a binder
Authors: Obele Chizoba M , Ugwu Shadrack C , Chukwuneke Jeremiah L 
Published: June 2023

This research produced textile pigment printing paste using expanded polystyrene (EPS) as a binder, sodium alginate as a thickener, and ultramarine pigment. The printing paste production was optimized through response surface methodology, using central composite design (CCD). The dynamic viscosity of the produced printing paste samples ranges from 5200 to 5550.50 cP (Centi Poise). The Fourier infrared transform (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed the functional groups present in the printing paste. The result of the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) conducted shows a first step decomposition of 94.14% that occurred at the range of 30.96°C–127.75°C. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed an endothermic transition at 119.44°C due to the absorption of energy during the breaking of printing paste bonds. Textile characterization such as wash fastness, croak fastness, and light fastness was carried out to determine the suitability of the print paste on cotton and polyester fabrics. The results of the fastness tests range from 4 to 5 for wash fastness, 3 to 4/5 for croak fastness, and 4 to 6 for light fastness. The optimum values of the model variables are thickener (50%), binder (40%), and pigment (5%). The performance of the printing paste as revealed from the results is moderate and comparable with textile printing paste suitable for commercial application.
Phytic acid regulates proliferation of colorectal cancer cells by downregulating NF-kB and β-catenin signalling
Authors: Feng Jianyu , Liu Yandong , Zhang Chunnan , Ji Menglin , Li Cuiyun 
Published: June 2023

Objectives Phytic acid (PYT) also known as inositol hexakisphosphate or inositol polyphosphate has shown a broad range of biological effects including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer effects in several preclinical studies. This study aimed to investigate the effects of PYT in vitro on HCT116 and HT-29 cell lines and to analyse the intricate mechanism of NF-κB-β-catenin signalling pathways. Material and methods Both cell lines were treated with PYT, and analysed for cell viability, apoptosis, progression of cell cycle, and DNA fragmentation. Gene and protein expression analysis was performed to assess the molecular mechanism. Results PYT suppressed the proliferation of colorectal cancer cell lines in a dose- and time-dependent manner with an estimated IC50 value of 2.96 and 3.35 mm, respectively. PYT caused cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase in both CRC cell lines and induced mitochondrial intrinsic apoptosis via activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 cascade. PYT suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory markers especially COX-2 and iNOS, and IL-lβ, IL-6, and IL-10. Analysing the mechanism behind the effects of PYT showed that it suppressed the levels of NF-κB and β-catenin and inhibited the levels of cyclin Dl and c-Myc (its downstream targets) and COX-2. Conclusion The results collectively indicate the potent anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects of PYT in CRC cell lines that were mediated by downregulating the β-catenin and NF-κB signalling pathways. Results advocate that natural supplementation of PYT can be an effective preventive approach in controlling cancer of colorectal region.