bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How do current tobacco warnings compare to the WHO FCTC guidelines: a content analysis of combustible tobacco warnings worldwide
Authors: Ranney Leah M , Clark Sonia A , Jarman Kristen L , Lazard Allison J , Kowitt Sarah D , Cornacchione Ross Jennifer , Baler Guido , Thrasher James F , Goldstein Adam O 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveMany countries have adopted warning labels for combustible tobacco products, yet little research exists describing tobacco warning characteristics globally and to what extent they meet the WHO Framework Convention for Tobacco Control (FCTC) Guidelines. This study evaluates characteristics of combustible tobacco warnings.DesignWe conducted a content analysis to describe the overall landscape of warnings using descriptive statistics and compared to the WHO FCTC Guidelines.SettingWe searched existing warning databases for combustible tobacco warnings from English-speaking countries. We compiled warnings meeting inclusion criteria and coded for message and image characteristics using a pre-defined codebook.Primary and secondary outcomes measuresCharacteristics of combustible tobacco warning text statements and warning images were the primary study outcomes. There were no secondary study outcomes.ResultsWe identified a total of 316 warnings from 26 countries or jurisdictions worldwide. Of these warnings, 94% included warning text and an image. Warning text statements most often described health effects to the respiratory (26%), circulatory (19%) and reproductive systems (19%). Cancer was the most frequently mentioned health topic (28%). Fewer than half of warnings included a Quitline resource (41%). Few warnings included messages about secondhand smoke (11%), addiction (6%) or cost (1%). Of warnings with images, most were in colour and showed people (88%), mostly adults (40%). More than 1 in 5 warnings with images included a smoking cue (ie, cigarette).ConclusionsWhile most tobacco warnings followed WHO FCTC guidance on effective tobacco warnings, such as communicating health risks and inclusion of images, many did not include local Quitline or cessation resources. A sizeable minority include smoking cues that could inhibit effectiveness. Full alignment with WHO FCTC guidelines will improve warnings and better achieve the WHO FCTC objectives.
A Systematic review protocol on workplace equality and inclusion practices in the healthcare sector
Authors: Ni Luasa Siobhan , Ryan Nuala , Lynch Raymond 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionWhile equality and inclusion practices in healthcare have been advanced from a service user perspective, little is known about the application of workplace equality and inclusion practices in healthcare on upper-middle-income and high-income countries. In the developed world, the composition of the healthcare workforce is changing, with nationals and non-nationals working ‘side-by-side’ suggesting that healthcare organisations must have robust and meaningful workplace equality and inclusion practices. Healthcare organisations who welcome and value all their employees are more creative and productive, which can lead to better quality of care. Additionally, staff retention is maximised, and workforce integration will succeed. In view of this, this study aims to identify and synthesise current best evidence relating to workplace equality and inclusion practices in the healthcare sector in middle-income and high-income economies.Methods and analysisUsing the Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcome (PICO) framework, a search of the following databases will be made—MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, SCOPUS, PsycInfo, Business Source Complete and Google Scholar—using Boolean terms to identify peer-reviewed literatures concerning workplace equality and inclusion in healthcare from January 2010 to 2022. A thematic approach will be employed to appraise and analyse the extracted data with the view to assessing what is workplace equality and inclusion; why it is important to promote workplace equality and inclusion in healthcare; how can workplace equality and inclusion practices be measured in healthcare; and how can workplace equality and inclusion be advanced in health systems.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required. Both a protocol and a systematic review paper are to be published concerning workplace equality and inclusion practices in the healthcare sector.
Factors associated with undertriage and overtriage in telephone triage in Danish out-of-hours primary care: a natural quasi-experimental cross-sectional study of randomly selected and high-risk calls
Authors: Graversen Dennis Schou , Pedersen Anette Fischer , Christensen Morten Bondo , Folke Fredrik , Huibers L 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesWe aim to explore undertriage and overtriage in a high-risk patient population and explore patient characteristics and call characteristics associated with undertriage and overtriage in both randomly selected and in high-risk telephone calls to out-of-hours primary care (OOH-PC).DesignNatural quasi-experimental cross-sectional study.SettingTwo Danish OOH-PC services using different telephone triage models: a general practitioner cooperative with GP-led triage and the medical helpline 1813 with computerised decision support system-guided nurse-led triage.ParticipantsWe included audio-recorded telephone triage calls from 2016: 806 random calls and 405 high-risk calls (defined as patients ≥30 years calling with abdominal pain).Main outcome measuresTwenty-four experienced physicians used a validated assessment tool to assess the accuracy of triage. We calculated the relative risk (RR) forclinically relevantundertriage and overtriage for a range of patient characteristics and call characteristics.ResultsWe included 806 randomly selected calls (44clinically relevantundertriaged and 54clinically relevantovertriaged) and 405 high-risk calls (32 undertriaged and 24 overtriaged). In high-risk calls, nurse-led triage was associated with significantly less undertriage (RR: 0.47, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.97) and more overtriage (RR: 3.93, 95% CI 1.50 to 10.33) compared with GP-led triage. In high-risk calls, the risk of undertriage was significantly higher for calls during nighttime (RR: 2.1, 95% CI 1.05 to 4.07). Undertriage tended to be more likely for calls concerning patients ≥60 years compared with 30–59 years (11.3% vs 6.3%) in high-risk calls. However, this result was not significant.ConclusionNurse-led triage was associated with less undertriage and more overtriage compared with GP-led triage in high-risk calls. This study may suggest that to minimise undertriage, the triage professionals should pay extra attention when a call occurs during nighttime or concerns elderly. However, this needs confirmation in future studies.
Social ecological factors and medication treatment for opioid use disorder among justice-involved rural and urban persons: theGeographic variation inAddictionTreatmentExperiences (GATE) longitudinal cohort study protocol
Authors: Oser Carrie B , Batty Evan , Booty Marisa , Eddens Kate , Knudsen Hannah K , Perry Brea , Rockett Maria , Staton Michele 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionThree medications are Food and Drug Administration approved for the treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD); however, these medications are underused within prisons, which elevates the risk of relapse and overdose when persons with opioid use disorder (POUD) are released. Research is scant regarding the multilevel factors associated with POUDs’ willingness to initiate medication treatment for opioid use disorder (MOUD) while in prison and their continued engagement in treatment after release. Furthermore, rural and urban populations have not been compared. TheGeographic variation inAddictionTreatmentExperiences (GATE) study seeks to identify multilevel factors (ie, individual, personal network, and structural factors) influencing prison-based extended-release injectable naltrexone (XR-NTX) and buprenorphine initiation and will examine predictors of postrelease MOUD use and adverse outcomes (ie, relapse, overdose, recidivism) among both rural and urban POUDs.Methods and analysisThis mixed methods study employs a social ecological framework. A prospective observational longitudinal cohort study is being conducted with 450 POUDs using survey and social network data collected in prison, immediately postrelease, 6 months postrelease and 12 months postrelease to identify multilevel rural-urban variation in key outcomes. In-depth qualitative interviews are being conducted with POUDs, prison-based treatment staff and social service clinicians. To maximise rigour and reproducibility, we employ a concurrent triangulation strategy, whereby qualitative and quantitative data contribute equally to the analysis and are used for cross-validation when examining scientific aims.Ethics and disseminationThe GATE study was reviewed and approved by the University of Kentucky’s Institutional Review Board prior to implementation. Findings will be disseminated through presentations at scientific and professional association conferences, peer-reviewed journal publications and a summary aggregate report submitted to the Kentucky Department of Corrections.
Thirty-year follow-up of the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (SECCYD): the challenges and triumphs of conducting in-person research at a distance
Authors: Bleil Maria E , Roisman Glenn I , Gregorich Steven E , Appelhans Bradley M , Hiatt Robert A , Pianta Robert C , Marsland Anna L , Slavich George M , Thomas Alexis S , Yeung Winnie S , Booth-LaForce Cathryn 
Published: March 2023

PurposeThe purpose of the current study, The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Study of Health in Early and Adult Life (SHINE), was to build on the landmark Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (SECCYD), a longitudinal birth cohort initiated in 1991, by conducting a health-focused follow-up of the now adult participants. This effort has produced an invaluable resource for the pursuit of life course research examining links between early life risk and resilience factors and adulthood health and disease risk.ParticipantsOf the 927 NICHD SECCYD participants available for recruitment in the current study, 705 (76.1%) participated in the study. Participants were between 26 and 31 years and living in diverse geographic locations throughout the USA.Findings to dateIn descriptive analyses, the sample exhibited risk on health status indicators, especially related to obesity, hypertension and diabetes. Of particular concern, the prevalence of hypertension (29.4%) and diabetes (25.8%) exceeded national estimates in similar-age individuals. Health behaviour indicators generally tracked with the parameters of poor health status, showing a pattern of poor diet, low activity and disrupted sleep. The juxtaposition of the sample’s relatively young age (mean=28.6 years) and high educational status (55.6% college educated or greater) with its poor health status is noteworthy, suggesting a dissociation between health and factors that are typically health protective. This is consistent with observed population health trends, which show a worsening of cardiometabolic health status in younger generations of Americans.Future plansThe current study, SHINE, lays the groundwork for future analyses in which the uniquely robust measures collected as a part of the original NICHD SECCYD will be leveraged to pinpoint specific early life risk and resilience factors as well as the correlates and potential mechanisms accounting for variability in health and disease risk indicators in young adulthood.
Effectiveness and feasibility of online fertility preservation decision aids for young female patients with cancer: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Qin Ning , Wan Ziyu , Kang Yue , Luo Yating , Duan Yinglong , Xie Jianfei , Cheng Andy SK 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionCancer diagnosis and treatment can impair fertility, and younger female patients with cancer have a particularly strong need for fertility preservation. Fertility preservation decision aids are thought to help patients make proactive and informed treatment decisions. This systematic review aims to assess the effectiveness and feasibility of online fertility preservation decision aids for young female patients with cancer.Methods and analysisPubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, Embase, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PsycINFO and CHINAL, along with three grey literature sources (Google Scholar, ClinicalTrials.gov and WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform), will be searched from each database’s establishment to 30 November 2022. Two trained reviewers will independently screen the articles, and the data extraction and methodological quality of eligible randomised controlled trials and quasiexperimental studies will be assessed. A meta-analysis will be performed using Review Manager V.5.4 (Cochrane Collaboration) software, and heterogeneity will be assessed using I² statistics. If a meta-analysis is not possible, a narrative synthesis will be done.Ethics and disseminationSince this systematic review is based on published data, no ethical approval is required. The study’s findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022363287.
Cross-cultural adaptation and its impact on research in emergency care
Authors: Roberts Tom , Carlton Edward , Booker Matthew , Voss Sarah , Vaillancourt Samuel , Jafar Anisa Jabeen Nasir , Benger Jonathan 
Published: March 2023

The perspective of patients is increasingly recognised as important to care improvement and innovation. Patient questionnaires such as patient-reported outcome measures may often require cross-cultural adaptation (CCA) to gather their intended information most effectively when used in cultures and languages different to those in which they were developed. The use of CCA could be seen as a practical step in addressing the known problems of inclusion, diversity and access in medical research.An example of the recent adaptation of a patient-reported outcome measure for use with ED patients is used to explore some key features of CCA, introduce the importance of CCA to emergency care practitioners and highlight the limitations of CCA.
The reversed umbrella: displacement of a Contour device into an MCA aneurysm 18 months after treatment
Authors: Bellanger Guillaume , Darcourt Jean , Januel Anne-Christine , Cognard Christophe 
Published: March 2023

SummaryThe Contour is a promising new device designed to treat large-neck intra-cranial aneurysms. We describe a first case of Contour device displacement 18 months after initial treatment.A patient with a 10 mm unruptured right middle cerebral artery bifurcation aneurysm was treated with a 9 mm Contour. The device was correctly positioned at the neck during treatment and at the 6 month angiography follow-up. At 18 months follow-up we noticed a full displacement of the device into the aneurysm dome. The Contour had a reversed shape and the aneurysm was still fully opacified. No neurological event occurred during the whole follow-up. Contour may be a promising tool but needs to be assessed over a long-term period.
Predictors of persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) and similar forms of chronic dizziness precipitated by peripheral vestibular disorders: a systematic review
Authors: Trinidade Aaron , Cabreira Verónica , Goebel Joel A , Staab Jeffrey P , Kaski Diego , Stone Jon 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundThe literature on predictors of persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) following peripheral vestibular insults has not been systematically reviewed.MethodsWe systematically reviewed studies on predictors of PPPD and its four predecessors (phobic postural vertigo, space-motion discomfort, chronic subjective dizziness and visual vertigo). Investigations focused on new onset chronic dizziness following peripheral vestibular insults, with a minimum follow-up of 3 months. Precipitating events, promoting factors, initial symptoms, physical and psychological comorbidities and results of vestibular testing and neuroimaging were extracted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.ResultsWe identified 13 studies examining predictors of PPPD or PPPD-like chronic dizziness. Anxiety following vestibular injury, dependent personality traits, autonomic arousal and increased body vigilance following precipitating events and visual dependence, but not the severity of initial or subsequent structural vestibular deficits or compensation status, were the most important predictors of chronic dizziness. Disease-related abnormalities of the otolithic organs and semi-circular canals and age-related brain changes seem to be important only in a minority of patients. Data on pre-existing anxiety were mixed.ConclusionsAfter acute vestibular events, psychological and behavioural responses and brain maladaptation are the most likely predictors of PPPD, rather than the severity of changes on vestibular testing. Age-related brain changes appear to have a smaller role and require further study. Premorbid psychiatric comorbidities, other than dependent personality traits, are not relevant for the development of PPPD.
Genome-Wide Splicing Quantitative Expression Locus Analysis Identifies Causal Risk Variants for Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Jin Meng , Liu Bo , Chen Can , Huang Yongbiao , Zhang Huixian , Chen Bingliang , Song Guoda , Zhao Dong , Duan Limin , Liu Wei , Yang Haizhen , Yue Fang , Liu Peijun , Yuan Xianglin , Chu Qian , Tian Jianbo , Hu Ke 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Alternative RNA splicing is an essential mechanism linking genetic variation to human diseases. While the signals from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been linked to expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) in previous studies, further work is needed to better elucidate the relationship to other genetic regulatory mechanisms, such as splicing QTLs (sQTL). Here, we performed a genome-wide sQTL analysis to identify variants that might affect RNA splicing in 1,010 non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas. The identified sQTLs were largely independent of eQTLs and were predominantly enriched in exonic regions, genetic regulatory elements, RNA-binding protein (RBP) binding sites, and known NSCLC risk loci. In addition, target genes affected by sQTLs (sGenes) were involved in multiple processes in cancer, including cell growth, apoptosis, metabolism, immune infiltration, and drug responses, and sGenes were frequently altered genetically in NSCLC. Systematic screening of sQTLs associated with NSCLC risk using GWAS data from 15,474 cases and 12,375 controls identified an sQTL variant rs156697-G allele that was significantly associated with an increased risk of NSCLC. The association between the rs156697-G variant and NSCLC risk was further validated in two additional large population cohorts. The risk variant promoted inclusion of GSTO2 alternative exon 5 and led to higher expression of the GSTO2 full-length isoform (GSTO2-V1) and lower expression of the truncated GSTO2 isoform (GSTO2-V2), which was induced by RBP quaking (QKI). Mechanistically, compared with GSTO2-V1, GSTO2-V2 inhibited NSCLC cells proliferation by increasing S-glutathionylation of AKT1 and thereby functionally blocking AKT1 phosphorylation and activation. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive view of splicing variants linked to NSCLC risk and provides a set of genetic targets with therapeutic potential.

Significance:
Analysis of sQTL reveals the role of genetically driven mRNA splicing alterations in NSCLC risk and elucidates that rs156697 variant impacts risk by altering GSTO2 splicing.
MEN1 Degradation Induced by Neddylation and the CUL4B–DCAF7 Axis Promotes Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Progression
Authors: Xu Junfeng , Ye Zeng , Zhuo Qifeng , Gao Heli , Qin Yi , Lou Xin , Zhang Wuhu , Wang Fei , Wang Yan , Jing Desheng , Fan Guixiong , Zhang Yue , Chen Xuemin , Chen Jie , Xu Xiaowu , Yu Xianjun , Ji Shunrong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNET) are a group of rare sporadic malignant tumors in the pancreas. MEN1 is the most frequently mutated gene in PanNETs. The MEN1-encoded protein is a typical tumor suppressor that forms a complex with epigenetic and transcription factors and is an attractive target for therapeutic interventions for patients with PanNET. A better understanding of the regulation of MEN1 protein expression in PanNETs could identify strategies for targeting MEN1. Here, we found that the neddylation pathway and DCAF7-mediated ubiquitination regulated MEN1 protein expression. Increased expression of members of the neddylation pathway and DCAF7 was found in PanNET tissues compared with paired-adjacent tissues and was associated with poor prognosis in patients with PanNET. Suppression of neddylation using the neddylation inhibitor MLN4924 or RNA interference significantly induced MEN1 accumulation and repressed cancer-related malignant phenotypes. CUL4B and DCAF7 promoted MEN1 degradation by binding and catalyzing its ubiquitination. In PanNET cells resistant to everolimus, a pharmacologic mTOR inhibitor widely used for advanced PanNET patient treatment, the downregulation of DCAF7 expression overcame resistance and synergized with everolimus to suppress mTOR activation and to inhibit cancer cell growth. The effects of DCAF7 loss could be counteracted by the simultaneous knockdown of MEN1 both in vitro and in vivo. The inverse correlation between DCAF7 and MEN1 was further validated in clinical specimens. This study revealed that the posttranslational control of MEN1 expression in PanNET is mediated by neddylation and the CUL4B–DCAF7 axis and identifies potential therapeutic targets in patients with MEN1-associated PanNET.

Significance:
Identification of neddylation and ubiquitination pathways that regulate MEN1 protein stability provides an opportunity for therapeutic interventions for treating patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.
Accessible Data Collections for Improved Decision Making in Neuro-Oncology Clinical Trials
Authors: Rahman Rifaquat , Ventz Steffen , Redd Robert , Cloughesy Timothy , Alexander Brian M. , Wen Patrick Y. , Trippa Lorenzo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Drug development can be associated with slow timelines, particularly for rare or difficult-to-treat solid tumors such as glioblastoma. The use of external data in the design and analysis of trials has attracted significant interest because it has the potential to improve the efficiency and precision of drug development. A recurring challenge in the use of external data for clinical trials, however, is the difficulty in accessing high-quality patient-level data. Academic research groups generally do not have access to suitable datasets to effectively leverage external data for planning and analyses of new clinical trials. Given the need for resources to enable investigators to benefit from existing data assets, we have developed the Glioblastoma External (GBM-X) Data Platform which will allow investigators in neuro-oncology to leverage our data collection and obtain analyses. GBM-X strives to provide an uncomplicated process to use external data, contextualize single-arm trials, and improve inference on treatment effects early in drug development. The platform is designed to welcome interested collaborators and integrate new data into the platform, with the expectation that the data collection can continue to grow and remain updated. With such features, GBM-X is designed to help to accelerate evaluation of therapies, to grow with collaborations, and to serve as a model to improve drug discovery for rare and difficult-to-treat tumors in oncology.