bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robust nonlinear decision mapping approach for online bus speed control under uncertainty
Authors: Zheng Liang , Liu Pengjie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe degradation of bus system attractiveness is primarily caused by low‐level service quality and reliability. As an essential technology for bus operation management, online bus speed control has proven to be a flexible and effective solution to mitigate bus bunching and enhance the service level of bus operation systems. In this study, we propose a robust nonlinear decision mapping (RNDM) approach that uses real‐time key bus system states to control bus speeds and accounts for uncertainties associated with passenger demands at stations and traffic speeds of interstation links. We develop this approach through a design process that involves learning the input–output mapping relation of a nonlinear programming simulation‐based optimization (NLPSO) method using regression tree with AdaBoost. Critical parameters of the fitted regression tree with AdaBoost are then optimized offline using a distributionally robust simulation‐based optimization (DRSO) model that is solved by a simulation‐based optimization (SO) algorithm. The resulting RNDM method effectively handles two types of uncertainties, expressed by two ambiguity sets of probability distributions, and ensures good bus operation performance even under worst‐case uncertainty levels. Numerical experiments reveal that the RNDM, NLPSO, and integer programming SO (IPSO) methods successfully mitigate bus bunching and improve service efficiency and robustness, compared to the no‐control scenario. Furthermore, the RNDM method outperforms NLPSO and IPSO in terms of comprehensive performance under uncertainties and demonstrates practical operability. In conclusion, this study presents an innovative general framework that uses a nonlinear decision mapping optimized offline by an SO approach to address online simulation‐based optimal decision‐making problems under uncertainties, which can be applied to solve similar problems.
Competitive interactions with Aedes albopictus alter the nutrient content of Aedes aegypti
Authors: Deerman Hunter , Yee Donald A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCompetition is often cited as a central force that affects the distribution and performance of organisms. Ecological stoichiometry is the balance of elements within animal bodies that can be affected by resource acquisition and processing, as well as by intra‐ or interspecific interactions. Though relatively underexplored for mosquitoes, stoichiometry may provide a wealth of information linking ecological interactions to body nutrient content, and potentially on to pathogen transmission. Detritus, which often varies in nutrient content, forms the base of the food web within the small aquatic habitats occupied by larval mosquitoes, and detrital nutrient content can alter mosquito growth, survival, and population growth. The invasive mosquitoes Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) and Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) interact as larvae in aquatic systems, often altering their adult populations. Herein, we investigated how different detritus combinations as well as how intra‐ and interspecific densities of Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti would affect coexistence; we also measured how nutrient composition (carbon and nitrogen) and stoichiometry (C:N) of adults would vary with those interactions. Ae. albopictus survival, population growth, and stoichiometry were not affected by intra‐ or interspecific competition; nutrient values did vary with detritus ratios. However, Ae. aegypti nutrient content and stoichiometry and survival were negatively affected within the lowest nutrient environments in the presence of Ae. albopictus, but in the highest nutrient environments, both species showed high survival rates and population growth. This is the first study to show that adult mosquito body nutrients can be altered by interspecific interactions, and as nutrient content in adults has been linked to pathogen transmission, it provides a novel role of competition in affecting disease dynamics.
Neonatal organ donation: Retrospective audit into potential donation in a single neonatal unit
Authors: Ali Faizah , Chant Kathy , Scales Angie , Sellwood Mark , Gallagher Katie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundResearch has shown that many babies who die in neonatal units could have been potential tissue and/or organ donors. Despite the existence of guidelines supporting its implementation, the incidence of neonatal donation remains rare in the United Kingdom.AimThe aim of this audit was to retrospectively determine potential eligibility for neonatal tissue and/or organ donation referral in infants who died in a single UK tertiary‐level neonatal unit between 2012 and 2021. Cause of death and documentation of any discussions held regarding referral for donation were also explored.Study designAn audit was undertaken to identify all neonatal deaths at a single tertiary‐level NICU in London from 2012‐2021. Infants who retrospectively could have been referred as potential tissue and/or organ donors were identified using current NHS Blood and Transplant inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results and conclusionA significant missed potential for neonatal tissue and/or organ donation referrals was identified, which is likely not just limited to the unit audited. Causes of death were as expected for a tertiary level neonatal unit and centre for therapeutic cooling of babies born with hypoxic perinatal brain injuries. Only one documented conversation was found regarding neonatal donation.Relevance to clinical practiceTo enable conversations regarding neonatal donation to become a routine part of end‐of‐life care discussions with families as appropriate, good links between neonatal healthcare professionals and Specialist Nurses in Organ Donation need to be established. This will facilitate the referral of all suitable neonates as potential donors and ensure that neonatal staff feel supported to care for babies identified as potential donors.
Absolution of a Causal Decision Theorist
Authors: Fusco Melissa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractI respond to a dilemma for Causal Decision Theory (CDT) under determinism, posed in Adam Elga's paper “Confessions of a Causal Decision Theorist”. The treatment I present highlights (i) the status of laws as predictors, and (ii) the consequences of decision dependence, which arises natively out of Jeffrey Conditioning and CDT's characteristic equation.My argument leverages decision dependence to work around a key assumption of Elga's proof: to wit, that in the two problems he presents, the CDTer must employ subjunctive‐suppositional (rather than evidential) transformations of a shared prior.
Marine heatwave and reduced light scenarios cause species‐specific metabolomic changes in seagrasses under ocean warming
Authors: Jung E. Maria U. , Abdul Majeed N. Adibah B. , Booth Mitchell W. , Austin Rachel , Sinclair Elizabeth A. , Fraser Matthew W. , Martin Belinda C. , Oppermann Larissa M. F. , Bollen Maike , Kendrick Gary A. 
Published: June 2023

Summary

Climate change and extreme climatic events, such as marine heatwaves (MHWs), are threatening seagrass ecosystems. Metabolomics can be used to gain insight into early stress responses in seagrasses and help to develop targeted management and conservation measures.

We used metabolomics to understand the temporal and mechanistic response of leaf metabolism in seagrasses to climate change. Two species, temperate Posidonia australis and tropical Halodule uninervis, were exposed to a combination of future warming, simulated MHW with subsequent recovery period, and light deprivation in a mesocosm experiment.

The leaf metabolome of P. australis was altered under MHW exposure at ambient light while H. uninervis was unaffected. Light deprivation impacted both seagrasses, with combined effects of heat and low light causing greater alterations in leaf metabolism. There was no MHW recovery in P. australis. Conversely, the heat‐resistant leaf metabolome of H. uninervis showed recovery of sugars and intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle under combined heat and low light exposure, suggesting adaptive strategies to long‐term light deprivation.

Overall, this research highlights how metabolomics can be used to study the metabolic pathways of seagrasses, identifies early indicators of environmental stress and analyses the effects of environmental factors on plant metabolism and health.
Levels of presence in the drama text: Between close and distant reading1
Authors: Kallenbach Ulla , Lawaetz Anna 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDigital studies of drama have tended to emphasise the written text and network analyses. As theatre scholars, we have approached the field from a different perspective by focusing on levels of presence. This includes the embodied presence of not only the speaking characters, but also the non‐speaking characters and the imagined characters mentioned by characters present on stage. This in turn includes another embodied presence, namely that of the audience, which actively engages with the text in performance and gives presence to these imagined characters. We also emphasise the implicit performance, the spatiality of the play and the maintenance of the temporal dramaturgical structure. The study is based on the 37 plays of the Danish‐Norwegian playwright Ludvig Holberg (1684–1754), published during the period 1723–1754. Holberg's comedies were heavily influenced by Italian commedia dell'arte and stock characters, or masks, were central to his plays. In this article, we discuss the question of how we can analyse levels of presence in drama texts via digital drama analysis, both from a historical and dramaturgical point of view. Our article points to a number of potentials as well as shortcomings of digital drama analysis and to the necessary synergy of close and distant reading.
Hikikomori: A perspective from bibliometric analysis
Authors: Cai Hong , Sha Sha , Zhang Qinge , Si Tong Leong , Liu Yu‐Fei , Zheng Wan‐Ying , Su Zhaohui , Cheung Teris , Ungvari Gabor S. , Teo Alan R. , Kato Takahiro A. , Ng Chee H. , Xiang Yu‐Tao 
Published: June 2023

AimsHikikomori is a common phenomenon reported in Japan and many other countries. However, the broad trends of the research publications on hikikomori are unclear. Therefore, this study examined the patterns of research on hikikomori using bibliometric analysis.MethodsRelevant publications were searched in Web of Science. Bibliometric analyses were performed with CiteSpace, R and VOSviewer.ResultsIn total, 297 publications on hikikomori met the eligibility criteria. The International Journal of Social Psychiatry (IF = 10.461) published the most papers (K = 17, or 5.7%) on hikikomori. Takahiro A. Kato from Kyushu University (41; 13.8%; H‐index = 18) was the most influential author, while Takahiro A. Kato (total link strength [TLS]: 235), Alan R. Teo (TLS: 157), and Masaru Tateno (TLS: 153) separately had the strongest research collaboration with other researchers. Of all countries that published on hikikomori, Japan had the highest number of publications (K = 91). The keywords “United States” and “psychiatric diagnosis” received the most attention between 2013 and 2015, whereas “health” and “autism spectrum disorder” received the most attention in 2021 and 2022.ConclusionsPeer‐reviewed research publications on hikikomori are growing rapidly and the research trends in this field are also changing.
Limbic self‐neuromodulation as a novel treatment option for emotional dysregulation in premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD); a proof‐of‐concept study
Authors: Tene Oren , Bleich Cohen Maya , Helpman Liat , Fine Naomi , Halevy Anat , Goldway Noam , Perry Daniella , Bary Plia , Aisenberg Romano Gabi , Ben‐Zion Ziv , Hendler Talma , Bloch Miki 
Published: June 2023

AimTo assess the efficacy of a novel neurofeedback (NF) method, targeting limbic activity, to treat emotional dysregulation related to premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD).MethodsWe applied a NF probe targeting limbic activity using a functional magnetic resonance imaging‐inspired electroencephalogram model (termed Amyg‐EFP‐NF) in a double‐blind randomized controlled trial. A frontal alpha asymmetry probe (AAS‐NF), served as active control. Twenty‐seven participants diagnosed with PMDD (mean age = 33.57 years, SD = 5.67) were randomly assigned to Amyg‐EFP‐NF or AAS‐NF interventions with a 2:1 ratio, respectively. The treatment protocol consisted of 11 NF sessions through three menstrual cycles, and a follow‐up assessment 3 months thereafter. The primary outcome measure was improvement in the Revised Observer Version of the Premenstrual Tension Syndrome Rating Scale (PMTS‐OR).ResultsA significant group by time effect was observed for the core symptom subscale of the PMTS‐OR, with significant improvement observed at follow‐up for the Amyg‐EFP group compared with the AAS group [F(1, 15)=4.968, P = 0.042]. This finding was specifically robust for reduction in anger [F(1, 15) = 22.254, P < 0.001]. A significant correlation was found between learning scores and overall improvement in core symptoms (r = 0.514, P = 0.042) suggesting an association between mechanism of change and clinical improvement.ConclusionOur preliminary findings suggest that Amyg‐EFP‐NF may serve as an affordable and accessible non‐invasive treatment option for emotional dysregulation in women suffering from PMDD. Our main limitations were the relatively small number of participants and the lack of a sham‐NF placebo arm.
Efficacy of daikenchuto after laparoscopic surgery for perforated appendicitis
Authors: Higashio Atsushi , Sato Masahito , Endo Kosuke , Saga Kenichi , Miyauchi Yuya , Hattori Kengo , Suzuki Kumiko , Morotomi Yoshiki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground: Although many recent studies have scientifically verified the efficacy of the traditional herbal medicine daikenchuto (DKT) for postoperative gastrointestinal function, its efficacy has not been established in children. We retrospectively evaluated the effect of DKT in pediatric patients with panperitonitis associated with perforated appendicitis (PaPA) who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy.Methods: Among 34 children with PaPA who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy from May 2012 to May 2021, 19 received DKT (group D) and 12 did not (group C). We compared postoperative gastrointestinal function, complications, and improvement in the inflammatory response between the two groups.Results: Of the evaluation parameters for postoperative gastrointestinal function, the mean ± standard deviation time to first flatus was significantly shorter in group D than in group C (1.21 ± 0.42 and 2.17 ± 0.94 days respectively; p = 0.0005). The time to ingestion of half a meal was also significantly shorter in group D than in group C (8.42 ± 3.69 and 12.50 ± 4.96 meal occasions respectively; p = 0.01). There was no significant difference in complication rates between the two groups.Conclusion: Daikenchuto rapidly and safely improved postoperative gastrointestinal symptoms in children with PaPA. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the effect of DKT on postoperative symptoms in laparoscopic appendectomy and in children.
A qualitative analysis of gaslighting in romantic relationships
Authors: Klein Willis , Li Sherry , Wood Suzanne 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGaslighting is an understudied form of abuse wherein a sane and rational survivor is convinced of their own epistemic incompetence on false pretenses by a perpetrator. The current study aimed to characterize the features of gaslighting as well as test and verify common claims about gaslighting. We recruited participants (N = 65) who self‐identified as having experienced gaslighting in romantic relationships to fill out a qualitative survey wherein they described instances of gaslighting, features of their relationships, and the consequences of gaslighting on their mental health. The age of participants in this study ranged from 18 to 69 (M = 29), most participants identified as female (48), and heterosexual (43). Gaslighting occurs within relationships that are typified by a combination of affectionate and abusive behaviors extended over the course of a relationship. Gaslighting victimization was associated with a diminished sense of self, mistrust of others, and on occasion, post‐traumatic growth. Those who recovered from gaslighting often emphasized the importance of separation from the perpetrator, prioritization of healthier relationships, and engaging in meaningful and re‐embodying activities. This study provides a basis for further research into gaslighting and recovery from gaslighting, which will contribute to the prevention and treatment for this type of abuse.
Full‐length transcriptome analysis provides insights into flavonoid biosynthesis in Ranunculus japonicus
Authors: Xu Jingyao , Shan Tingyu , Zhang Jingjing , Zhong Xinxin , Tao Yijia , Wu Jiawen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRanunculus japonicus Thunb. is a traditional Chinese herb. Plants in the genus Ranunculus are generally rich in flavonoids, which have antibacterial, anti‐infective, and other pharmacological effects. However, owing to the lack of reference genomes, little is known about the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway in R. japonicus. In this study, PacBio isoform sequencing (PacBio iso‐seq) and DNA nanoball sequencing (DNB‐seq) were combined to build a full‐length transcriptome database for three different tissues of R. japonicus. A total of 395,402 full‐length transcripts were obtained, of which 308,474 were successfully annotated. A Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis identified 29 differentially expressed genes encoding nine key enzymes for flavonoid biosynthesis. Correlation analysis indicated that flavanone 3‐hydroxylase and flavonol synthase genes might have key roles in the accumulation of flavonoid substances in the different tissues of R. japonicus. The structures of chalcone synthase and chalcone isomerase enzymes were spatially modeled. Reverse‐transcription quantitative PCR was used to verify gene expression levels of key enzymes associated with flavonoid biosynthesis. In addition, 22 MYB transcription factors involved in flavonoid biosynthesis and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis were discovered. The reliable transcriptomic data from this study provide genetic information about R. japonicus as well as insights into the molecular mechanism of flavonoid biosynthesis. The results also provide a basis for developing the medicinal value R. japonicus.
The modulating effect of musical expertise on lexical‐semantic prediction in speech‐in‐noise comprehension: Evidence from an EEG study
Authors: Zheng Yuanyi , Gao Panke , Li Xiaoqing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMusical expertise has been proposed to facilitate speech perception and comprehension in noisy environments. This study further examined the open question of whether musical expertise modulates high‐level lexical‐semantic prediction to aid online speech comprehension in noisy backgrounds. Musicians and nonmusicians listened to semantically strongly/weakly constraining sentences during EEG recording. At verbs prior to target nouns, both groups showed a positivity‐ERP effect (Strong vs. Weak) associated with the predictability of incoming nouns; this correlation effect was stronger in musicians than in nonmusicians. After the target nouns appeared, both groups showed an N400 reduction effect (Strong vs. Weak) associated with noun predictability, but musicians exhibited an earlier onset latency and stronger effect size of this correlation effect than nonmusicians. To determine whether musical expertise enhances anticipatory semantic processing in general, the same group of participants participated in a control reading comprehension experiment. The results showed that, compared with nonmusicians, musicians demonstrated more delayed ERP correlation effects of noun predictability at words preceding the target nouns; musicians also exhibited more delayed and reduced N400 decrease effects correlated with noun predictability at the target nouns. Taken together, these results suggest that musical expertise enhances lexical‐semantic predictive processing in speech‐in‐noise comprehension. This musical‐expertise effect may be related to the strengthened hierarchical speech processing in particular.
The impact of physical exercise on the consolidation of fear extinction memories
Authors: Jentsch Valerie L. , Wolf Oliver T. , Otto Tobias , Merz Christian J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBased on the mechanisms of fear extinction, exposure therapy is the most common treatment for anxiety disorders. However, extinguished fear responses can reemerge even after successful treatment. Novel interventions enhancing exposure therapy efficacy are therefore critically needed. Physical exercise improves learning and memory and was also shown to enhance extinction processes. This study tested whether physical exercise following fear extinction training improves the consolidation of extinction memories. Sixty healthy men underwent a differential fearconditioning paradigm with fear acquisition training on day 1 and fear extinction training followed by an exercise or resting control intervention on day 2. On day 3, retrieval and reinstatement were tested including two additional but perceptually similar stimuli to explore the generalization of exercise effects. Exercise significantly increased heart rate, salivary alpha amylase, and cortisol, indicating successful exercise manipulation. Contrary to our expectations, exercise did not enhance but rather impaired extinction memory retrieval on the next day, evidenced by significantly stronger differential skin conductance responses (SCRs) and pupil dilation (PD). Importantly, although conditioned fear responses were successfully acquired, they did not fully extinguish, explaining why exercise might have boosted the consolidation of the original fear memory trace instead. Additionally, stronger differential SCRs and PD toward the novel stimuli suggest that the memory enhancing effects of exercise also generalized to perceptually similar stimuli. Together, these findings indicate that physical exercise can facilitate both the long‐term retrievability and generalization of extinction memories, but presumably only when extinction was successful in the first place.
Imprinting and contested practices: The impact of public directors' private‐sector experience on temporary employment in Dutch public organizations
Authors: Wiersma Sofie , Lippényi Zoltán , Wittek Rafael 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper studies how organizational leaders' early private‐sector leadership experiences impact adopting a contested organizational practice, temporary employment, in public organizations. We employed unique organization/year‐level register panel data on the executive careers of the directors of Dutch public organizations and the prevalence of temporary employment in organizations they lead. Fixed‐effect regression analyses of 29,031 organization/year observations between 2006 and 2019 show greater use of temporary employment in public organizations when directors have early private‐sector executive experience. We found a similar impact of leaders' imprinted experiences in “fully” public and “hybrid” organizations that combine public and private sector elements. We discuss implications and suggestions for future studies on organizational leaders' role in contested practice adoption in the public sector.