bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mindfulness or meditation therapy for Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Lin Ho‐Wei , Tam Ka‐Wai , Kuan Yi‐Chun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundParkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder worldwide. Mindfulness and meditation therapies have been demonstrated as effective alternative treatments for patients with neurological disorders. However, the effects of mindfulness and meditation therapies on PD remain unclear. This meta‐analysis investigated the effects of mindfulness and meditation therapies in PD patients.MethodsA literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov for randomized controlled trials comparing mindfulness and meditation therapies with control treatments in patients with PD.ResultsNine articles involving eight trials were included, with a total of 337 patients. Our meta‐analysis revealed that mindfulness and meditation therapies significantly improved Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale‐Part III score (mean difference [MD] = −6.31, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = −8.57 to −4.05) and cognitive function (standard mean difference [SMD] = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.23 to 1.02). However, no significant differences were discovered between mindfulness therapies and control in gait velocity (MD = 0.05, 95% CI = −0.23 to 0.34), Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire‐39 Summary Index (MD = 0.51, 95% CI = −1.12 to 2.14), activities of daily living (SMD = −1.65, 95% CI = −3.74 to 0.45), depression (SMD = −0.43, 95% CI = −0.97 to 0.11), anxiety (SMD = −0.80, 95% CI = −1.78 to 0.19), pain (SMD = 0.79, 95% CI = −1.06 to 2.63), or sleep disturbance (SMD = −0.67, 95% CI = −1.58 to 0.24).ConclusionMindfulness and meditation therapies may serve as complementary and alternative treatments for PD patients.
Age‐dependent retinal neuroaxonal degeneration in children and adolescents with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy under idebenone therapy
Authors: Schworm Benedikt , Siedlecki Jakob , Catarino Claudia , von Livonius Bettina , Muth Daniel R. , Rudolph Guenther , Havla Joachim , Klopstock Thomas , Priglinger Claudia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the neuroretinal structure of young patients with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON).MethodsFor this retrospective cross‐sectional analysis, the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness and the macular retinal layer volumes were measured by optical coherence tomography. Patients aged 12 years or younger at disease onset were assigned to the childhood‐onset (ChO) group and those aged 13–16 years to the early teenage‐onset (eTO) group. All patients received treatment with idebenone. The same measurements were repeated in age‐matched control groups with healthy subjects.ResultsThe ChO group included 11 patients (21 eyes) and the eTO group 14 patients (27 eyes). Mean age at onset was 8.6 ± 2.7 years in the ChO group and 14.8 ± 1.0 years in the eTO group. Mean best‐corrected visual acuity was 0.65 ± 0.52 logMAR in the ChO group and 1.60 ± 0. 51 logMAR in the eTO group (p < 0.001). Reduced pRNFL was evident in the eTO group compared to the ChO group (46.0 ± 12.7 μm vs. 56.0 ± 14.5 μm, p = 0.015). Additionally, a significantly lower combined ganglion cell and inner plexiform layer volume was found in the eTO compared to the ChO group (0.266 ± 0.0027 mm3 vs. 0.294 ± 0.033 mm3, p = 0.003). No difference in these parameters was evident between the age‐matched control groups.ConclusionLess neuroaxonal tissue degeneration was observed in ChO LHON than in eTO LHON, a finding that may explain the better functional outcome of ChO LHON.
Eradication rates of Helicobacter pylori in treatment‐naive patients following 14‐day vonoprazan‐amoxicillin dual therapy: A multicenter randomized controlled trial in China
Authors: Hu Jie , Mei Hao , Su Na‐yun , Sun Wen‐jing , Zhang De‐kui , Fan Li‐lin , He Ping , Pan Jie , Wang Xing‐wei , Zou Pei‐ying , Liu Yu‐xiang , Guo Yan , Lan Chun‐Hui 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundPotassium‐competitive acid blockers (P‐CAB) are recommended for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infections, but dual therapy of P‐CAB with amoxicillin has been poorly studied. The current study compared the efficacy, adverse reactions, compliance, and effects on gut microbiota of 14‐day vonoprazan‐amoxicillin (VA) dual therapy with esomeprazole, bismuth potassium citrate, amoxicillin, and metronidazole (EBAM) quadruple therapy in treatment‐naive patients with H. pylori.Materials and MethodsThis was a multicenter, open‐label, randomized, and controlled, non‐inferiority study. Patients (n = 194) enrolled from six centers were randomly divided into either the VA or EBAM group. H. pylori eradication was determined using 13C urea breath tests (UBT) 4–6 weeks post‐treatment. Fecal samples were collected, and gut microbial populations were analyzed by 16S rDNA and metagenomic sequencing technology.ResultsEradication rates of H. pylori in the VA and EBAM groups were 88.7% and 91.8%, respectively, according to intention‐to‐treat (ITT) analysis; 95.6% and 96.7% with per‐protocol (PP) analysis; and 94.5% and 96.7% with modified ITT (mITT) analysis (all p > 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the VA group was significantly lower compared to the EBAM group, and compliance within both groups was good. There was no difference in α‐diversity or microbial composition in the VA and EBAM groups at one‐month post‐treatment compared to baseline, except for a markedly reduced abundance of Bacteroides in the EBAM group.ConclusionVA therapy achieved excellent eradication rates with low adverse reactions, good compliance, and little impact on gut microbiota. VA therapy should be recommended as a first‐line treatment against H. pylori.
Chronological and geochemical characteristics of metavolcanic rocks in the Nanping‐Ninghua tectonic belt: Constraints on the formation of the Cathaysia block
Authors: Wen Huicheng , Zhao Xilin , Wang Guocan , Liu Huan , Xu Mincheng , Jiang Yang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe tectonic properties of the Nanping‐Ninghua tectonic belt (NNTB) play a crucial role in understanding the tectonic evolution of the Wuyi orogenic belt, which is related to the Neoproterozoic‐Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the Cathaysian Block. In this study, We present comprehensive petrological, geochronological, and geochemical data on the metavolcanic rocks from the Louqian Formation in Changting, Fujian Province. Our results show that volcanism in Changting occurred between 740.4 and 723.5 Ma, based on zircon U–Pb data for the metavolcanic rocks. The metavolcanic rocks have SiO2 contents ranging from 68.22 to 71.56 wt %, high Al2O3 and Na2O + K2O contents (13.30–15.19 wt % and 7.56–8.25 wt %, respectively), and low CaO, MgO, and FeOT contents (0.09–1.25 wt %, 0.72–0.96 wt %, and 1.57–3.16 wt %, respectively). These samples are enriched in large‐ion lithophile elements (LILEs) such as Ba and Rb, and depleted in high‐field‐strength elements (HFSEs) including Nb, Ta, and Ti, with significant negative Eu anomalies, indicating an affinity for arc igneous rocks. Based on previous geological studies, we suggest that the NNTB formed in an active continental margin environment during the Nanhua Period. The subduction of oceanic crust led to the formation of the volcanic belt along the Nanping‐Ninghua continental margin, which was active until 696 Ma. During the Neoproterozoic, the North and South Wuyi terranes did not merge to form a single Wuyi terrane, and the Cathaysia Block was composed of several terranes.
Prostaglandin E2 mediates chorion formation of the Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, at late oogenesis
Authors: Choi Du‐Yeol , Kim Yonggyun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractChorion—i.e., the eggshell—is formed during the late stage of oogenesis by follicular epithelium in the ovary. Although the endocrine signal(s) driving choriogenesis remain unclear in mosquitoes, this process in other insects has been suspected to involve the mediation of prostaglandins (PGs). This study tested the role of PG in the choriogenesis of the Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, and its influence on controlling the expressions of genes associated with chorion formation by a transcriptome analysis. An immunofluorescence assay showed that PGE2 is localised in follicular epithelium. With the treatment of aspirin, an inhibitor of PG biosynthesis, at mid oogenesis, the PGE2 signal disappeared in the follicular epithelium led to significantly inhibited chorion formation along with a malformed eggshell. Ovary transcriptomes were assessed by RNASeq at the mid and late ovarian developmental stages. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) exhibiting more than twofold changes in expression levels included 297 genes at mid stage and 500 genes at late stage. These DEGs at these two developmental stages commonly included genes associated with egg and chorion proteins of Ae. albopictus. Most chorion‐associated genes were clustered in the 168 Mb region on a chromosome and exhibited significantly induced expressions at both ovarian developmental stages. The inhibition of PG biosynthesis significantly suppressed the expression of the chorion‐associated genes while the addition of PGE2 rescued the gene expressions and led to recovery of choriogenesis. These results suggest that PGE2 mediates the choriogenesis of Ae. albopictus.
The crossroads: divergent roles of virus‐specific CD4+ T lymphocytes in determining the outcome for human papillomavirus infection
Authors: van Bockel David , Kelleher Anthony 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDespite the widespread availability of effective prophylactic vaccines to prevent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, HPV remains a major health burden. For health care systems in countries with the capacity for vaccine roll out, incomplete strategies result in citizens with naturally occurring infection, who are at an a posteriori risk of HPV‐driven disease. Genital HPV infection is the most common sexually transmitted virus globally. Those classified as high‐risk HPV strains are more likely to generate persistent disease. Within this group, HPV16 and 18 are the most prevalent and likely to induce persistent high‐grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia; neoplasia is a large step toward cancerous growth known as a squamous cell carcinoma which contribute to all cervical, 70% of oropharyngeal, 78% of vaginal and 88% of anal cancers. This review will illuminate the relevance of CD4+ T lymphocytes in determining the outcome of papillomavirus infection from the perspective of oropharyngeal and anogenital HPV‐driven disease in the immune competent and immunocompromised. The focus is on recent investigations for this “silent” pandemic among current global health crises that should not be forgotten. Informing effective strategies that control viral infection through naturally acquired or induced immunity will identify aspects of scientific and clinical practice that may improve outcome.
Toll‐like receptor expression profile of stem/progenitor cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth
Authors: Fawzy El‐Sayed Karim M. , Rudert Antonia , Geiken Antje , Tölle Johannes , Mekhemar Mohamed , Dörfer Christof E. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundStem/progenitor cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) show remarkable pluripotent, regenerative, and immunological capacities. During in vivo regenerative processes, there could be the presence of SHED in the surrounding inflammatory microenvironment, through toll‐like receptors (TLRs).AimThe aim of this paper was to present a characteristic TLR expression profile on SHED for the first time.DesignCells were harvested from extracted primary teeth (n = 10), anti‐STRO‐1 immunomagnetically sorted and cultivated, through colony‐forming units (CFUs). SHED were examined for mesenchymal stem/progenitor cell traits, including the expression of clusters of differentiation (CDs) 14, 34, 45, 73, 90, 105, and 146, and their multilineage differentiation aptitude. TLRs 1–10 expression was investigated for SHED in uninflamed and inflamed (25 ng/mL IL‐1β, 103 U/mL IFN‐γ, 50 ng/mL TNF‐α, and 3 × 103 U/mL IFN‐α; SHED‐i) microenvironmental conditions.ResultsSHED were negative for CDs 14, 34, and 45, but were positive for CDs 73, 90, 105, and 146, and demonstrated characteristic multilineage differentiation. In an uninflamed microenvironment, SHED expressed TLRs 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, and 10. The inflammatory microenvironment downregulated TLR7 significantly on gene level and upregulated TLR8 on gene and protein levels (p < .05; Wilcoxon signed‐rank test).ConclusionThere appears to be a unique TLR expression profile on SHED, which could modulate their immunological and regenerative abilities in oral tissue engineering approaches.
An 11‐year retrospective study on the epidemiology of paediatric burns in the north of Iran
Authors: Tolouei Mohammad , Bagheri Toolaroud Parissa , Letafatkar Negin , Feizkhah Alireza , Sadeghi Mahsa , Esmailzadeh Mojdeh , Daghighi Masooleh Mahzad , Mobayen Mohammadreza 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBurn injuries in children are distressing physical and emotional events with long‐term disability. However, there is little research on the epidemiology of paediatric burns. This information is essential for the development of prevention intervention and acute management. This study aimed to describe epidemiologic characteristics and clinical outcomes of paediatric burns in a burn center in the north of Iran. A retrospective, single‐center study was conducted of children (<18 years) admitted to the burns center between 2011 and 2021. The data were analysed by SPSS 24.0 software. The chi‐squared test and Fisher's exact test were used to assess categorical variables, and Student's t‐tests or One‐Way ANOVA was used to evaluate continuous variables. 2951 paediatric burns with mean age 5.30 ± 5.27 years, were admitted during the 11 years, with 1777 boys (60.2%) and 1174 girls (39.8%). By age groups, the majority of children (59.7%) were between 0 and 4 years old, followed by 5 to 8 years (15.7%), 13 to 18 years (14.6%), and 9 to 12 years (10.0%), respectively. The most cause of injury was Hot liquids & vapours (1604, 54.4%). The mean age for burns with fire & flames, hot liquids & vapours, contact, chemical, and electrical was 4.46 ± 4.84, 5.70 ± 5.39, 5.44 ± 5.42, 3.93 ± 3.86, and 3.53 ± 4.06 years, respectively. The total body surface area (TBSA) burned was 14.96 ± 11.94. The longest length of stay (LOS) related to fire and flame was 5.63 ± 7.57 days. The mortality rate was 1.56%. There were significant differences among aetiology groups for the cost per % TBSA (F = 15.784, P < 0.001), which correlated with the burn depth, TBSA, aetiology, LOS, and age. The Ministry of Health should establish strategies for burn prevention and incorporate data surveillance for burn injuries. Community education on kitchen and cooking safety could positively impact the prevalence and outcomes of paediatric burns.
Thermal conductivity of yttria‐stabilized zirconia thin films grown by plasma‐enhanced atomic layer deposition
Authors: Park Sung Il , Yang Byung Chan , Kim Jihyun , Ko Jaeyoon , Choi Gyung‐Min , An Jihwan , Cho Jungwan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractZirconia doped with yttrium, widely known as yttria‐stabilized zirconia (YSZ), has found recent applications in advanced electronic and energy devices, particularly when deposited in thin film form by atomic layer deposition (ALD). Although ample studies reported the thermal conductivity of YSZ films and coatings, these data were typically limited to Y2O3 concentrations around 8 mol% and thicknesses greater than 1 μm, which were primarily targeted for thermal barrier coating applications. Here, we present the first experimental report of the thermal conductivity of YSZ thin films (∼50 nm), deposited by plasma‐enhanced ALD (PEALD), with variable Y2O3 content (0–36.9 mol%). Time‐domain thermoreflectance measures the effective thermal conductivity of the film and its interfaces, independently confirmed with frequency‐domain thermoreflectance. The effective thermal conductivity decreases from 1.85 to 1.22 W m−1 K−1 with increasing Y2O3 doping concentration from 0 to 7.7 mol%, predominantly due to increased phonon scattering by oxygen vacancies, and exhibits relatively weak concentration dependence above 7.7 mol%. The effective thermal conductivities of our PEALD YSZ films are higher by ∼15%–128% than those reported previously for thermal ALD YSZ films with similar composition. We attribute this to the relatively larger grain sizes (∼23–27 nm) of our films.
Achieving large piezoelectric response and ultrahigh electrostriction in [001] textured BiScO3‐PbTiO3 high‐temperature piezoelectric ceramics
Authors: Ren Xiaodan , Wang Yike , Tang Mingyang , Liu Xin , Xu Zhuo , Yan Yongke 
Published: May 2023

Abstract[001] textured 0.40BiScO3‐0.60PbTiO3‐0.125 mol%Nb5+ (BS‐60PT‐0.125Nb) high‐temperature piezoelectric ceramics were synthesized using templated grain growth process. A high texture degree F001 of 99% was obtained using 2 vol% BaTiO3 (BT) templates. The piezoelectric charge constant d33 and the unipolar strain under 40 kV cm−1 at room temperature for the textured ceramics are 646 pC N−1 and 0.36%, respectively, which is over two times as those for untextured ceramics (∼243 pC N−1 and 0.17%). The electrostriction Q33 value of the textured sample remarkably increased from 0.034 m4 C−2 to 0.068 m4 C−2 under 30 kV cm−1, showing a twice higher than untextured. Compared with random ceramics, the improvement piezoelectric response of the textured ceramics is primarily attributed to the increase of the dielectric constant εr and electrostriction coefficient Q33 along [001] orientation, which is originating from the anisotropy of piezoelectricity. The BS‐60PT‐0.125Nb textured ceramics have large piezoelectric response and ultrahigh electrostriction with high temperature stability (high depolarization temperature Td of ∼360°C and high Curie temperature Tc of 421°C), showing great potential for the piezoelectric applications at high temperatures.
Association between the degree of vertebrobasilar stenosis, location, infarction pattern, and QMRA flow state
Authors: Ballout Ahmad A. , Huang Brendan , Oh Seok Yoon , Black Karen , Sideras Panagiotis , Arora Rohan , Yaghi Shadi , Katz Jeffrey M. , Libman Richard B. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeWe aimed to investigate the relationship between the degree and location of vertebrobasilar stenosis and quantitative magnetic resonance angiography (QMRA) distal flow.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed patients who presented with acute ischemic stroke with ≥50% stenosis of the extracranial or intracranial vertebral or basilar arteries, and QMRA performed within 1 year of stroke. Standardized techniques were used to measure stenosis and to dichotomize vertebrobasilar distal flow status. Patients were grouped based on the involved artery and the severity of disease. All p‐values were calculated using chi‐squared analysis and Fisher exact test with statistical significance defined as p < .05.ResultsSixty‐nine patients met study inclusion, consisting of 31 with low distal flow and 38 with normal distal flow. The presence of severe stenosis or occlusion was 100% sensitive, but only 47% predictive and 26% specific of a low distal flow state. Bilateral vertebral disease was only 55% sensitive but was 71% predictive and 82% specific of a low‐flow state and was five times and nearly three times more likely to result in a low‐flow state compared to unilateral vertebral disease (14%) and isolated basilar disease (28%), respectively.ConclusionsSevere stenosis of ≥70% may mark the minimal threshold required to cause hemodynamic insufficiency in the posterior circulation, but nearly half of these patients may remain hemodynamically sufficient. Bilateral vertebral stenosis resulted in a fivefold increase in QMRA low distal flow status compared to unilateral vertebral disease. These results may have implications in the design of future treatment trials of intracranial atherosclerotic disease.
Sensory discrimination of single hop beers by using sorting combined with profiling and intensity rating
Authors: Garrido‐Bañuelos Gonzalo , Buica Astrid 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSensory methodologies are continuously being optimized based on industry needs. Sorting is a widely used sensory method; however, it provides limited information about the uniqueness of individual products. The present work was performed on nine single‐hop beers using a combination of sorting with profiling and intensity rating (SPIR) rating to highlight the intra‐group variability and individual characteristics. Results have shown that SPIR can effectively highlight the intra‐group differences. It has also shown that a higher frequency of citation did not always correspond to a higher attribute intensity. For the considered application, the results highlighted the role of hop varieties on the sensory profile of beers. Overall sensory similarities were found between Mosaic (MO), Citra (CI), and Celeia (CE) hops. However, the use of SPIR highlighted differences between CE and the other hops. Amarillo (AM) hops showed the most distinctive profile in all cases.Practical applicationsThe use of sorting in combination with profiling and intensity rating (SPIR) rating can be a valuable tool in new product development. It is not only important to understand the overall sensory similarities and differences between groups of samples, but also unique aspects compared to similar products. The present work has shown that adding intensity to sorting and profiling can highlight the inner characteristics of individual products in a group of samples with an overall similar sensory profile.
Tomographical, rheological, and structural effects of soy protein concentrate in a gluten‐free extruded noodle system
Authors: Yang Geunhyuk , Jeong Sungmin , Lee Suyong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGlobal interest in high‐protein foods has been rapidly increasing and the gluten‐free products are no exceptions. Gluten‐free extruded noodles made from rice flour were thus fortified with soy protein concentrate (SPC) (0%, 15%, 30%, and 45% by weight), and the physicochemical properties of the noodles were characterized in terms of tomographical, rheological, and structural features. SPC‐rice flour blends showed higher water absorption and swelling power at room temperature with increasing levels of SPC, which were reduced upon heating. The flour blends with high‐levels of SPC also had lower pasting viscosities. Thermal analysis showed lower enthalpy values and higher temperatures derived from starch gelatinization. When the SPC‐rice flour blends were applied to extruded gluten‐free rice noodles, the noodles tomographically showed a dense and compact structure, that could be favorably correlated with their textural changes (increased hardness and reduced extensibility). FTIR analysis presented the structural changes of the noodles containing different levels of SPC by showing higher intensity of protein‐related absorption peaks and lower starch peak intensity, which could be associated with the reduced cooking loss. Moreover, there existed two water components with different mobilities in the noodles whose spin–spin relaxation times had a tendency to increase with increasing SPC content. The results obtained from this study provided fundamental insights into the processing performance of protein‐rich ingredients in gluten‐free extruded noodles, probably promoting the development of a wider variety of protein‐fortified gluten‐free products.