bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bearing fault diagnosis method using the joint feature extraction of Transformer and ResNet
Authors: Hou Shixi , Lian Ao , Chu Yundi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The failure of rotating machinery can be prevented and eliminated by a regular diagnosis of bearings. In deep learning (DL) models of bearing fault diagnosis driven by big data, problems, such as data acquisition difficulties, data distribution imbalance, and high noise, often exist in the samples. This study proposes a novel bearing fault diagnosis method using the joint feature extraction of Transformer and residual neural network (ResNet) coupled with transfer learning (TL) strategy to overcome the aforementioned issues. First, the data are transmitted to the Transformer encoder and ResNet architecture, respectively, where the input obtained by the encoder must separate features and word embedding via a one-dimensional convolutional layer. Next, the feature sequences mined using encoder and ResNet are connected and classified. Moreover, the TL strategy with model fine-tuning is exploited to reduce the training difficulty of the proposed method in new tasks. Experiments on two bearing fault datasets demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively combine the characteristics of both architectures. Moreover, the prediction accuracy outperforms traditional DL networks in high-noise environments.
Bioinspired bistable dielectric elastomer actuator based on low-melting-point alloy phase change regulation
Authors: Fan Qinyang , Niu Chenguang , Tang Jian , Xiong Xiaoyan , Guo Jibao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Soft bistable actuators that exhibit flexibility, fast response, and low energy consumption are key components for applications such as fast grippers, shape reconfiguration actuators, and deployable soft robots. Inspired by the structure of rhododendron leaves, we designed a bistable dielectric elastomer actuator (BDEA) by integrating a dielectric elastomer with a low-melting-point alloy. The developed BDEA can operate reversibly between two stable states through the synergistic application and control of high voltage and Joule heating. The transition process between the two stable states of the actuator was elucidated using finite element analysis. The bending angles of the actuator in the two deformation directions were measured, and grasping experiments were performed. The experimental results show that the direction and magnitude of deformation of the bistable actuator can be tuned to conform to the shape of the target object. The developed BDEA has enhanced shape adaptability and higher bearing capacity compared to conventional soft actuators.
Tunable reflection and broadband absorption of flexural waves by adaptive elastic metasurface with piezoelectric shunting circuits
Authors: Liu Feng , Shi Pengtao , Chen Zhaolin , Shen Yizhou , Xu Yanlong , Yang Zhichun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Elastic metasurfaces have attracted lots of attention due to their extraordinary ability in manipulating elastic waves. Among various elastic metasurfaces, the adaptive elastic metasurface (AEM) has more flexibility because of the tunability in function and working frequency band without changing the geometrical configuration. In this paper, we propose an AEM composed of sandwiched plates with mass blocks at their free ends to realize tunable reflection and high-efficiency absorption of flexural waves in broadband. The upper and lower parts of the sandwiched plate are piezoelectric patches individually shunted with a hybrid circuit in series of a resistance and negative capacitance. We solve the reflection coefficient/phase shift of the subunit and the full reflected wave field of the AEM by using the transfer matrix method and coupled-mode theory, respectively. The modulation mechanisms of the phase shift and reflection coefficient are revealed. Especially, the influence of negative effective rigidity on the phase shift is investigated. The moment of inertia generated by the mass block plays a key role in reducing the sensitivity of the phase shift to negative capacitance. Based on the theoretical analyses, the AEMs are designed to realize tunable reflection, switchable asymmetric reflection and high-efficiency absorption. The results obtained from analytical solutions and finite element simulations are consistent with each other. The proposed AEM may have potential applications in vibration control and noise reduction.
The design of YBCO binary current leads and its electromagnetic-thermal coupling analysis based on PEEC and finite volume method
Authors: Zheng Hengkang , Liu Mengyu , Song Yunxing , Li Liang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A superconducting magnet system is developed for the application of high-frequency gyrotrons at Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, China. The operating cost for the magnet is dominated by refrigeration power. To reduce the heat load for cryogenic systems, a pair of YBCO binary current leads is designed by consideration of the industrial concentration of type II high-temperature superconducting YBCO material. In this paper, a simulation model is proposed to perform the electromagnetic-thermal coupling analysis of these YBCO binary leads under different operating conditions by combining a partial element equivalent circuit method and finite volume method. The simulation code can improve computational efficiency and enable high-accuracy coupling between the electromagnetic field and heat transfer process. In the steady state, the heat leakage at the 4.2 K cold end of the YBCO binary leads depends mainly on the geometric parameters of the YBCO tape, especially the cross-sectional area of the copper layer in the YBCO tape. The cooling mode and liquid helium level also have a significant impact on the heat leakage level. The optimal outer diameter of the normal copper section is identified, and the optimum value is largely influenced by the effective cooling power imposed on the cold end of the normal copper section. In the transient state, simulations for the charging process and the loss of cooling accident are performed, along with a detailed analysis of the electromagnetic-thermal response features of the leads under these conditions. The results indicate that the YBCO binary current leads possess high thermal stability and an ample time margin for the magnet system to be demagnetized.
Medical image encryption based on RNG with an autonomous piecewise damping Josephson junction jerk oscillator embedded in FPGA
Authors: Ramadoss Janarthanan , Kamdoum Tamba Victor , Ainamon Cyrille , Rajagopal Karthikeyan , Kingni Sifeu Takougang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper explore the dynamics, Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) validation of an autonomous piecewise damping Josephson junction jerk oscillator (APDJJJO) and uses it to protect medical images based on random number generator (RNG). APDJJJO is derived from a piecewise damping Josephson junction (JJ) model and has either no equilibrium points or two unstable equilibrium points. One-scroll chaotic hidden attractor, one-scroll sovereign complex attractor, periodic and one-scroll complex self-driven attractors coexisting, and bistable limit cycles are found in APDJJJO during the investigation based on numerical simulations. Additionally, the FPGA validation of the APDJJJO shows similar complex characteristics to those obtained during the investigation via numerical simulations. Lastly, the chaotic characteristics depicted by the APDJJJO are used to design a RNG for the encryption of medical images. The generated random bits are validated successfully by standard statistical tool set by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST-800-22). Encryption algorithm is developed to secure a medical image by exploring the unpredicted bits generated. The safety and performances analysis are done to prove the robustness and efficiency of the image encryption algorithm.
Two-photon correlations in detuned resonance fluorescence
Authors: Zubizarreta Casalengua Eduardo , del Valle Elena , Laussy Fabrice P 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We discuss two-photon correlations from the side peaks that are formed when a two-level system emitter is driven coherently, with a detuning between the driving source and the emitter (quasi-resonance fluorescence). We do so in the context of the theories of frequency-resolved photon correlations and homodyning, showing that their combination leads to a neat picture compatible with perturbative two-photon scattering that was popular in the early days of quantum electrodynamics. This should help to control, enhance and open new regimes of multiphoton emission. We also highlight a way to evidence the quantum coherent nature of the process from photoluminescence only, through the observation of a collapse of the symmetry of the lineshape accompanied by a surge of its intensity of emission. We discuss several of our results in the light of recent experimental works.
Parametric excitation of plane waves and traveling nonlinear surface charge structures by an oscillating electric field at the plasma boundary
Authors: Gradov O M 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWith the help of a single equation, to which it was possible to reduce the original system of equations, it turned out to be possible to describe the excitation of parametric instability on plane surface waves in an alternating electric field, its saturation due to the nonlinearity of the surface charge and the generation of nonlinear structures of this charge propagating along the boundary and depending on the parameters of external influence. The amplitude of saturation of the increasing plane waves was found as a result of stabilization of parametric instability by the nonlinear effect of the surface charge. An example of a nonlinear wave structure propagating along the surface of the boundary as a result of the interaction of an external electric field with a nonlinear surface charge is presented.
No-go theorem for scalar-trispectrum-induced gravitational waves
Authors: Garcia-Saenz Sebastian , Pinol Lucas , Renaux-Petel Sébastien , Werth Denis 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We show that the contribution of the primordial trispectrum to the energy density of the
scalar-induced stochastic gravitational wave background cannot exceed the one from the scalar
power spectrum in conventional inflationary scenarios. Specifically, we prove in the context of
scale-invariant theories that neither regular trispectrum shapes peaking in so-called equilateral
configurations, nor local trispectrum shapes diverging in soft momentum limits, can contribute
significantly. Indeed, those contributions are always bound to be smaller than an order-one (or
smaller) number multiplying the relative one-loop correction to the scalar power spectrum,
necessarily much smaller than unity in order for the theory to be under perturbative control.
Since a no-go theorem is only worth its assumptions, we also briefly discuss a toy model for a
scale-dependent scalar spectrum, which confirms the robustness of our no-go result.
Physics-regularized neural network of the ideal-MHD solution operator in Wendelstein 7-X configurations
Authors: Merlo Andrea , Böckenhoff Daniel , Schilling Jonathan , Lazerson Samuel Aaron , Pedersen Thomas Sunn 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The computational cost of constructing 3D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equilibria is one of the limiting factors in stellarator research and design. Although data-driven approaches have been proposed to provide fast 3D MHD equilibria, the accuracy with which equilibrium properties are reconstructed is unknown. In this work, we describe an artificial neural network (NN) that quickly approximates the ideal-MHD solution operator in Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) configurations. This model fulfils equilibrium symmetries by construction. The MHD force residual regularizes the solution of the NN to satisfy the ideal-MHD equations. The model predicts the equilibrium solution with high accuracy, and it faithfully reconstructs global equilibrium quantities and proxy functions used in stellarator optimization. We also optimize W7-X magnetic configurations, where desirable configurations can be found in terms of fast particle confinement. This work demonstrates with which accuracy NN models can approximate the 3D ideal-MHD solution operator and reconstruct equilibrium properties of interest, and it suggests how they might be used to optimize stellarator magnetic configurations.
A tumor microenvironment-stimuli responsive nano-prodrug for overcoming gemcitabine chemoresistance by co-delivered miRNA-21 modulator
Authors: Zhang Fu , Yao Zhuo , Jin Piaopiao , Xu Mengqiu , Hu Qida , Chen Yuxuan , Que Risheng , Liang Tingbo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Gemcitabine (Gem) has been recommended as a first-line clinical chemotherapeutics for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) treatment. Gem treatment could generate chemoresistance associated with abnormal expressions of multiple miRNAs. In the PDAC setting, miRNA-21 (miR-21) overexpression is an important contributing factor of inducing Gem chemoresistance. Inhibition of miR-21 can significantly increase Gem chemosensitivity, which requires an efficient delivery platform to conduct combinational Gem and miR-21 siRNA (miR-21i) therapy. Herein, we synthesized a tumor microenvironment (TME) stimuli-responsive poly(beta-amino ester)s (PBAE)-based polymer nano-prodrug (miR-21i@HA-Gem-SS-P12) that could co-deliver miR-21 siRNA and Gem. The disulfide linkages conjugating GEM onto PBAE can be triggered by elevated reduction stimulus in TME to release the cargo Gem. The hyaluronic acid (HA) fabrication further improved the drug accumulation at the tumor site. Benefiting from the multiple functional improvements and synergism between Gem and miR-21i, the miR-21i@HA-Gem-SS-P12 nano-prodrugs displayed superior tumor inhibition in PDAC in vitro and in vivo. This study established an effective stimuli-responsive nano-prodrug strategy for cooperative treatment with small molecule agents and nucleotide modulators in PDAC.
Increasing interannual climate variability during crop flowering in Europe
Authors: Bathiany Sebastian , Belleflamme Alexandre , Zohbi Juliane El , Ney Patrizia , Goergen Klaus , Rechid Diana 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Climate change has increasingly adverse effects on global crop yields through the occurrence of heat waves, water stress, and other weather-related extremes. Besides losses of average yields, a decrease in yield stability—i.e. an increase in variability of yields from year to year—poses economic risks and threatens food security. Here we investigate a number of climate indices related to adverse weather events during the flowering of wheat, maize and rapeseed, in the current cultivation areas as well as the main European producer countries. In 52 projections from regional climate models, we identify robust increases in the interannual variability of temperature, precipitation and soil moisture by ∼+20% in standard deviation in the model median. We find that winter wheat is most exposed to variability increases, whereas rapeseed flowering escapes the largest increases due to the early flowering time and the northern locations of cultivation areas, while the opposite (escape due to southern locations and late flowering) is true for maize to some extent. Considering the timing of crop development stages, we also find a robust increase in the variability of the temporal occurrence of flowering, which suggests a decreased reliability in the timing of crop stages, hampering management steps like fertilization, irrigation or harvesting. Our study raises concerns for European crop yield stability in a warmer climate and highlights the need for risk diversification strategies in agricultural adaptation.
Bayesian learning of parameterised quantum circuits
Authors: Duffield Samuel , Benedetti Marcello , Rosenkranz Matthias 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Currently available quantum computers suffer from constraints including hardware noise and a limited number of qubits. As such, variational quantum algorithms that utilise a classical optimiser in order to train a parameterised quantum circuit have drawn significant attention for near-term practical applications of quantum technology. In this work, we take a probabilistic point of view and reformulate the classical optimisation as an approximation of a Bayesian posterior. The posterior is induced by combining the cost function to be minimised with a prior distribution over the parameters of the quantum circuit. We describe a dimension reduction strategy based on a maximum a posteriori point estimate with a Laplace prior. Experiments on the Quantinuum H1-2 computer show that the resulting circuits are faster to execute and less noisy than the circuits trained without the dimension reduction strategy. We subsequently describe a posterior sampling strategy based on stochastic gradient Langevin dynamics. Numerical simulations on three different problems show that the strategy is capable of generating samples from the full posterior and avoiding local optima.
On Galois representations with large image
Authors: Maire Christian 
Published: March 2023

For every prime number

p
≥
3

p\geq 3

and every integer

m
≥
1

m\geq 1

, we prove the existence of a continuous Galois representation

ρ
:

G

Q

→
G

l
m

(

Z

p

)

\rho : G_\mathbb {Q} \rightarrow Gl_m(\mathbb {Z}_p)

which has open image and is unramified outside

{
p
,
∞
}

\{p,\infty \}

if

p
≡
3

p\equiv 3

mod

4
4

and is unramified outside

{
2
,
p
,
∞
}

\{2,p,\infty \}

if

p
≡
1

p \equiv 1

mod

4
4

. We also revisit the question of the lifting of residual Galois representations in terms of embedding problems; that allows us to produce Galois representations with open image in the group of upper triangular matrices with diagonal entries equal to

1
1

, unramified outside

{
p
,
∞
}

\{p,\infty \}

, for

m
m

“small” comparing to

p
p

.
A review of genotrichoses and hair pathology associated with inherited skin diseases
Authors: Doolan Brent J , Rayinda Tuntas , Chiu Frank P , McGrath John A , Onoufriadis Alexandros  
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Genetic hair disorders, also known as genotrichoses, are characterized by abnormalities of hair structure, growth or differentiation, giving rise to a spectrum of phenotypes such as hypertrichosis, hypotrichosis and atrichia. These disorders may present as isolated phenotypes or be part of more complex phenotypes including abnormalities in skin or other organs. Genetic discoveries for hair disorders have been recently augmented with the advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies. We reviewed the literature and summarized disease–gene associations for inherited hair disorders, as well as genodermatoses presenting with hair abnormalities discovered by NGS technologies. We identified 28 nonsyndromic hair disorders, involving 25 individual genes and four unidentified genes. We have also discovered that approximately 30% of all the genodermatoses that were identified by NGS approaches demonstrated hair abnormalities as part of their phenotype. This review underscores the huge impact of NGS technologies in disclosing the genetics of hair disorders and the potential these discoveries provide for future translational research and new therapies.
Supportive Relationships with Trusted Adults for Children and Young People Who Have Experienced Adversities: Implications for Social Work Service Provision
Authors: Frederick John , Spratt Trevor , Devaney John 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Adverse childhood experiences encompass both direct harm, such as abuse and neglect, and indirect harm via family issues, including parental substance abuse and mental illness. They create significant risks for problems in later life, including mental health problems, substance abuse, interpersonal violence and self-harm. Due to these enduring and damaging consequences, interventions are essential to prevent or mitigate impact. One form of support is the role played by trusted adults in the lives of vulnerable children and young people. Employing a scoping study methodology, this article examines the role of the trusted adult and explores implications for social work agencies and practitioners. Whilst the idea of a supportive relationship may reflect the social work value base, there can be legal, procedural and bureaucratic barriers to directly providing such relationships in the child and family social work workforce. However, other adults associated with formal services such as teachers and youth workers, as well as extended family and community members may potentially be able to do so. Social workers can assist by becoming recruiters and facilitators of supportive adults for children and young people from their wider family or community and by partnering with organisations to stimulate provision of such services.
Beyond alpha power: EEG spatial and spectral gradients robustly stratify disorders of consciousness
Authors: Colombo Michele Angelo , Comanducci Angela , Casarotto Silvia , Derchi Chiara-Camilla , Annen Jitka , Viganò Alessandro , Mazza Alice , Trimarchi Pietro Davide , Boly Melanie , Fecchio Matteo , Bodart Olivier , Navarro Jorge , Laureys Steven , Gosseries Olivia , Massimini Marcello , Sarasso Simone , Rosanova Mario 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Neurophysiological markers can overcome the limitations of behavioural assessments of Disorders of Consciousness (DoC). EEG alpha power emerged as a promising marker for DoC, although long-standing literature reported alpha power being sustained during anesthetic-induced unconsciousness, and reduced during dreaming and hallucinations. We hypothesized that EEG power suppression caused by severe anoxia could explain this conflict. Accordingly, we split DoC patients (n = 87) in postanoxic and non-postanoxic cohorts. Alpha power was suppressed only in severe postanoxia but failed to discriminate un/consciousness in other aetiologies. Furthermore, it did not generalize to an independent reference dataset (n = 65) of neurotypical, neurological, and anesthesia conditions. We then investigated EEG spatio-spectral gradients, reflecting anteriorization and slowing, as alternative markers. In non-postanoxic DoC, these features, combined in a bivariate model, reliably stratified patients and indexed consciousness, even in unresponsive patients identified as conscious by an independent neural marker (the Perturbational Complexity Index). Crucially, this model optimally generalized to the reference dataset. Overall, alpha power does not index consciousness; rather, its suppression entails diffuse cortical damage, in postanoxic patients. As an alternative, EEG spatio-spectral gradients, reflecting distinct pathophysiological mechanisms, jointly provide a robust, parsimonious, and generalizable marker of consciousness, whose clinical application may guide rehabilitation efforts.