bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alcohols as inhibitors of ammonia oxidizing archaea and bacteria
Authors: Oudova-Rivera Barbora , Crombie Andrew T , Murrell J Colin , Lehtovirta-Morley Laura E 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Ammonia oxidizers are key players in the global nitrogen cycle and are responsible for the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite, which is further oxidized to nitrate by other microorganisms. Their activity can lead to adverse effects on some human-impacted environments, including water pollution through leaching of nitrate and emissions of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O). Ammonia monooxygenase (AMO) is the key enzyme in microbial ammonia oxidation and shared by all groups of aerobic ammonia oxidizers. The AMO has not been purified in an active form, and much of what is known about its potential structure and function comes from studies on its interactions with inhibitors. The archaeal AMO is less well studied as ammonia oxidizing archaea were discovered much more recently than their bacterial counterparts. The inhibition of ammonia oxidation by aliphatic alcohols (C1-C8) using the model terrestrial ammonia oxidizing archaeon ‘Candidatus Nitrosocosmicus franklandus’ C13 and the ammonia oxidizing bacterium Nitrosomonas europaea was examined in order to expand knowledge about the range of inhibitors of ammonia oxidizers. Methanol was the most potent specific inhibitor of the AMO in both ammonia oxidizers, with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 0.19 and 0.31 mM, respectively. The inhibition was AMO-specific in ‘Ca. N. franklandus’ C13 in the presence of C1-C2 alcohols, and in N. europaea in the presence of C1-C3 alcohols. Higher chain-length alcohols caused non-specific inhibition and also inhibited hydroxylamine oxidation. Ethanol was tolerated by ‘Ca. N. franklandus’ C13 at a higher threshold concentration than other chain-length alcohols, with 80 mM ethanol being required for complete inhibition of ammonia oxidation.
Origin and Evolution of Plant Long Terminal Repeat Retrotransposons with Additional Ribonuclease H
Authors: Biryukov Mikhail , Ustyantsev Kirill 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Retroviruses originated from long terminal repeat retrotransposons (LTR-RTs) through several structural adaptations. One such modification was the arrangement of an additional ribonuclease H (aRH) domain next to native RH, followed by degradation and subfunctionalization of the latter. We previously showed that this retrovirus-like structure independently evolved in Tat LTR-RTs in flowering plants, proposing its origin from sequential rearrangements of ancestral Tat structures identified in lycophytes and conifers. However, most nonflowering plant genome assemblies were not available at that time, therefore masking the history of aRH acquisition by Tat and challenging our hypothesis. Here, we revisited Tat's evolution scenario upon the aRH acquisition by covering most of the extant plant phyla. We show that Tat evolved and obtained aRH in an ancestor of land plants. Importantly, we found the retrovirus-like structure in clubmosses, hornworts, ferns, and gymnosperms, suggesting its ancient origin, broad propagation, and yet-to-be-understood benefit for the LTR-RTs’ adaptation.
Willingness to Live Under Impairment: Factors Associated With Desired Longevity
Authors: de Paula Couto M Clara P , Rupprecht Fiona S , Nikitin Jana , Rothermund Klaus 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Longevity is a societal achievement. However, people might not wish to live long lives under all conditions. When deciding about their longevity desires, some individuals may focus on present-oriented, concrete aspects of their lives, like their current state of health, whereas others may weigh up more future-oriented, abstract aspects, such as how important it is to be healthy. We investigated what factors are associated with individuals’ willingness to live with impairment.

Research Design and Methods
Factors associated with willingness to live with impairment were examined in a sample of N = 790 German participants aged 39–90 years (Mage = 63.38, SD = 14.30, 51% female). To examine age-specific factors related to desired longevity under impairment conditions, chronological age was added as a moderator in the analyses.

Results
Findings indicated that for middle-aged adults, fear of becoming a burden and higher importance of health were associated with lower willingness to live with impairment. For older adults, lower willingness to live with impairment was associated with higher levels of instrumental preparation for the end of life.

Discussion and Implications
The obtained age differences can be understood as reflecting a shift in time perspective and personal experiences. Among middle-aged adults, willingness to live with impairment is more strongly influenced by distant events that pertain to the future (e.g., fear of becoming a burden). Older adults, however, place more importance on their current life situation (e.g., instrumental preparation), and their willingness to live with impairment seems to be more conditional on practical aspects in the present.
Ultrahigh-resolution 9C seismic survey in a landslide prone area in southwest of Sweden
Authors: Pertuz Tatiana , Malehmir Alireza 
Published: September 2023

SUMMARY
We studied the benefits of a nine-component (9C) seismic survey over a landslide-prone area in southwest of Sweden to retrieve ultrahigh-resolution shear wave reflection images of the subsurface as well as crucial information on physical properties of the sediments. A complete, 1 m shot and receiver spacing, multicomponent 2-D seismic profile was acquired using three-component microelectromechanical-system-based landstreamer receivers, and a 5-kg sledgehammer strike in vertical and horizontal orientations as three-component seismic source. Given the rich number of shear wave reflections observed on all the 9C data, the processing work focused on their retrievals. It revealed three distinct reflections, two of which associated with coarse-grained materials and one with an extremely undulating bedrock surface. Given the extremely slow shear wave velocities on the order of 60–100 m s−1, we obtained ultrahigh-resolution shear wave sections avoiding temporal and spatial aliasing. Imaging results suggest vertical-source and horizontal-radial receiver (V–HR), and horizontal-transverse source–receiver orientations (HT–HT) provided the most optimum images of the subsurface. A non-hyperbolic algorithm was applied to the normal-moveout corrections justified by the traveltime differences of the bedrock reflection in different shear wave sections. The improved images by incorporating the anisotropy term suggest that the data set reveals moderate shear wave anisotropy along some portions of the profile. The Vp/Vs ratio obtained by using bedrock reflection in P- and S-wave sections suggests values ranging 10–16, which implies high water content. Areas with lower Vp/Vs coincides with greater anisotropic parameters and this can indicate disturbed clays or presence of sensitive clays.
A commercial finite element approach to modelling Glacial Isostatic Adjustment on spherical self-gravitating compressible earth models
Authors: Huang Pingping , Steffen Rebekka , Steffen Holger , Klemann Volker , Wu Patrick , van der Wal Wouter , Martinec Zdeněk , Tanaka Yoshiyuki 
Published: September 2023

SUMMARYThis paper presents a method that modifies commercial engineering-oriented finite element packages for the modelling of Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) on a self-gravitating, compressible and spherical Earth with 3-D structures. The approach, called the iterative finite element body and surface force (FEMIBSF) approach, solves the equilibrium equation for deformation using the ABAQUS finite element package and calculates potential perturbation consistently with finite element theory, avoiding the use of spherical harmonics. The key to this approach lies in computing the mean external body forces for each finite element within the Earth and pressure on Earth's surface and core–mantle boundary (CMB). These quantities, which drive the deformation and stress perturbation of GIA but are not included in the equation of motion of commercial finite element packages, are implemented therein. The method also demonstrates how to calculate degree-1 deformation directly in the spatial domain and Earth-load system for GIA models. To validate the FEMIBSF method, loading Love numbers (LLNs) for homogeneous and layered earth models are calculated and compared with three independent GIA methodologies: the normal-mode method, the iterative body force method and the spectral-finite element method. Results show that the FEMIBSF method can accurately reproduce the unstable modes for the homogeneous compressible model and agree reasonably well with the Love number results from other methods. It is found that the accuracy of the FEMIBSF method increases with higher resolution, but a non-conformal mesh should be avoided due to creating the so-called hanging nodes. The role of a potential force at the CMB is also studied and found to only affect the long-wavelength surface potential perturbation and deformation in the viscous time regime. In conclusion, the FEMIBSF method is ready for use in realistic GIA studies, with modelled vertical and horizontal displacement rates in a disc load case showing agreement with other two GIA methods within the uncertainty level of GNSS measurements.
Studying inner core and lower mantle structure with a combination of PKP and converted SKP and PKS waves
Authors: Hosseini Samira , Thomas Christine , Garnero Edward J , Abreu Rafael 
Published: September 2023

SUMMARYStructure of the inner core is often measured through traveltime differences between waves that enter the inner core (PKPdf) and waves that travel through the outer core only (PKPab and PKPbc). Here we extend the method to converted waves PKSdf and SKPdf and compare results to PKP wave measurements. PKSdf and SKPdf have a very similar path to PKPdf and if velocity variations are present in the inner core, all three wave types should experience them equally. Since traveltime deviations can be due to velocity changes (either isotropic or anisotropy) as well as wave path deviations born from heterogeneity, we simultaneously investigate wave path directions and traveltimes of PKP, SKP and PKS waves for several source-array combinations. One of the path geometries is the anomalous polar corridor from South Sandwich to Alaska, which has strong traveltimes anomalies for PKPdf relative to more normal equatorial path geometries. Here we use array methods and determine slowness, traveltime and backazimuth deviations and compare them to synthetic data. We find that path deviations from theoretical values are present in all wave types and paths, but also that large scatter exists. Although some of the path deviations can be explained by mislocation vectors and crustal variations, our measurements argue that mantle structure has to be considered when investigating inner core anisotropy. Our polar path data show similar traveltime residuals as previously published, but we also find slowness residuals for this path. Interestingly, SKPdf and PKSdf for the South Sandwich to Alaska path show traveltime residuals that are partly opposite to those for PKPdf, possibly due to an interaction with a localized ultra-low velocity zone where waves enter the core.
Near-field seismoacoustic wave scattering due to an irregular interface: a unified framework
Authors: Chen Shaolin , Shen Jirong , Zhang Jiao , Cheng Shulin , Sun Jie 
Published: September 2023

SUMMARY
Near-field seismoacoustic scattering must be considered across various domains, including marine seismic exploration, ocean acoustics and marine seismic engineering. This is a complex process due to the fluid–solid interaction between seawater and the seabed, particularly when the seabed is saturated with fluid. The interaction between sea fluid, saturated porous seabed and solid bedrock must also be considered. In this study, seawater and dry bedrock are treated as generalized saturated porous media with porosity of one and zero, respectively. The coupling between seawater, saturated seabed and dry bedrock can be analysed within a unified framework of generalized saturated porous media. Therefore, we proposed an efficient, unified method to address the challenges posed by near-field seismoacoustic scattering. This method comprises free field wave motion computation, which is used to provide input for scattering analysis. It also introduces a unified computational framework for modelling the wave propagation in the water-saturated seabed-bedrock system, and local transmitting boundary are used to account for the effect of an infinite domain. First, the differential equation of the generalized saturated porous media is discretized using lumped mass-based FEM, and the ordinary differential equation is integrated in time using an explicit scheme. Then, the equations for the motion of the nodes on the interface between two generalized saturated porous media with various porosity are derived. These equations are suitable for special cases such as fluid–solid interface, fluid-saturated porous media interface and saturated porous media-solid interface. To demonstrate the validity and feasibility of the proposed approach, a 1-D problem is considered, and the obtained response is verified using an analytical solution. Then, we compute the cases of a vertically incident plane P wave onto a 2-D basin-like fluid–solid structure, and compared the synthetic seismograms with results reported by other researchers. In this study, the findings of our proposed approach satisfy the continuity requirements at the interface and are consistent with those obtained using the reflection/transmission matrix method. Additionally, a 3-D site with basin-like terrain was analysed. The proposed approach treats the fluid, saturated porous media and solid in a unified framework, and has high efficiency due to lumped mass matrix-based explicit finite element and local transmitting artificial boundary. Furthermore, our approach can be easily implemented in parallel, making it suitable for solving large-scale seismoacoustic scattering problems.
Expression of Circulating let-7e and miR-126 May Predict Clinical Remission in Patients With Crohn’s Disease Treated With Anti-TNF-α Biologics
Authors: Guglielmi Giorgio , Crucitta Stefania , Bertani Lorenzo , Ruglioni Martina , Baiano Svizzero Giovanni , Ceccarelli Linda , Del Re Marzia , Danesi Romano , Costa Francesco , Fogli Stefano 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
The identification of new biomarkers predictive of response to antitumor necrosis factor alpha (anti-TNF-α) monoclonal antibodies remains an unmet medical need in Crohn’s disease (CD) because a high percentage of patients show no clinical improvement after treatment or can lose response over time. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can regulate inflammatory and immunological responses and were found to play a role in CD.

Methods
Baseline serum samples from 37 CD patients previously treated with infliximab or adalimumab, as per clinical practice, were obtained from the serum library at the Gastroenterology Unit of the University Hospital of Pisa, Italy. Patients were categorized as responders or nonresponders based on the following treatment outcomes: clinical remission at weeks 14 and 54 and endoscopic remission at week 54. The expression levels of a panel of selected miRNAs were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Comparisons of miRNA expression between responders and nonresponders and statistical analyses were performed by MedCalc and GraphPad Prism software. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were calculated to evaluate the predictive performance of potential biomarkers.

Results
Patients in clinical remission at week 14 had a lower let-7e expression, whereas those in clinical remission at week 54 had lower levels of circulating miR-126 than nonresponders. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis identified optimal cutoff values with assay sensitivity and specificity of 92.9% and 61.1%, for let-7e, and 62.5% and 83.3%, for miR-126, respectively.

Conclusion
These results provide evidence that expression levels of circulating let-7e and miR-126 at baseline may predict clinical remission in CD patients treated with anti-TNF-α biologics.
An Explanation for Reports of Increased Prevalence of Olfactory Dysfunction With Omicron: Asymptomatic Infections
Authors: von Bartheld Christopher S , Wang Lingchen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The prevalence of olfactory dysfunction (OD) in people infected with the Omicron variant is substantially reduced compared with previous variants. However, 4 recent studies reported a greatly increased prevalence of OD with Omicron. We provide a likely explanation for these outlier studies and reveal a major methodological flaw. When the proportion of asymptomatic infections is large, studies on the prevalence of OD will examine and report predominantly on nonrepresentative cohorts, those with symptomatic subjects, thereby artificially inflating the prevalence of OD by up to 10-fold. Estimation of the true OD prevalence requires representative cohorts that include relevant fractions of asymptomatic cases.
Hello World: Digital Media and the Search for Interplanetary Life on Religion’s Final Frontier
Authors: Furiasse Amanda 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNASA’s 2021 Perseverance Rover races toward the farthest reaches of our known world to search for signs of life. Although promising to discover life on the surface of Mars, the rover’s digital images of Mars’s barren and scorched wasteland paradoxically reinforce the fear that death is inevitable. Why search for life on the barren wasteland of Mars? This article explores this question from the perspective of scholarly examinations of Spiritualism and argues that the search for extraterrestrial life on Mars’s surface constitutes a growing religious community, one that reframes religious practice around digital media’s interface and endows digital technologies with the potentiality to transform the burden of our impending extinction into an opportunity to extend humanity’s perceived temporal and spatial finitude.
The influence of dietary patterns on skin bacterial diversity, composition, and co-occurrence relationships at forearm and neck sites of healthy Korean adults
Authors: Lee Ju-Young , Kim Seayonn , Kim Dongkyu , Cho Yunhi , Kim Kun-Pyo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Aims
Diet and nutrition are important aspects of skin physiology and health. However, the influence of diet on the bacterial flora of different skin sites is not well understood. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between dietary patterns (DPs) and skin bacterial flora on the forearm (a dry site) and the neck (a sebaceous site) of healthy Korean adults.

Methods and results
In metagenomics analysis, Shannon and Simpson indices were higher on the forearm than on the neck and were negatively correlated with the two dominant species, Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis, on two skin sites. In addition, the Simpson index of the forearm was positively associated with DP1 (characterized by a high intake of vegetables, mushrooms, meat, fish and shellfish, seaweed, and fat and oil), while that on the neck was negatively associated with DP2 (characterized by a high intake of fast food). A high intake of DP1 was associated with a lower abundance of dominant species, including C. acnes, and higher degrees of the co-occurrence network, whereas a high intake of DP2 was associated with the opposite pattern.

Conclusions
Specific diets may impact both skin bacterial diversity and composition, as well as the co-occurrence of bacteria, which may vary across different skin sites.
Efficacy of Massage Techniques for Hypertrophic Burn Scars – A Systematic Review of Literature
Authors: Barnes Sabrina Poppy , Ma Yangmyung , Patel Bijendra , Muthayya Preetha 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Despite advancements in burn care, evidence estimates that pathological scarring occurs in 32%–75% of cutaneous burns. Scar massage therapy is an under researched method of management for hypertrophic burn scars which has scope to be a low-cost treatment alternative.
The aim of this systematic review was to determine the efficacy of scar massage techniques for common hypertrophic burn scar symptoms such as contraction, pruritus, pain and visibility.
The keywords and corresponding MeSH terms were inputed into PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane database of Systematic Reviews, University Library of Hull, York and Queen Mary, University of London. Following the implementation of predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria, ten papers were included for data extraction. Quality assessment of all papers was performed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and ROBINS-I tool. Data pertaining to the nature of the participant demographics, scar massage treatment, and study outcomes was extracted.
Nine of the ten studies showed a significant improvement for scar massage treatment of hypertrophic burn scar symptoms despite using different massage techniques. Friction and oscillation massage was used in partnership to improve scar function, whereas effleurage and petrissage used in longer sessions was seen to improve scar visibility and pain. Scar pruritus was improved by each massage technique.
Scar massage has been shown to be effective at improving scar outcomes. This paper suggests massage techniques should be tailored to the patients’ symptoms. A large, randomized control trial is required to advance this area of research.
A high-resolution method of spectral fitting with horizon constraints and its application
Authors: Deng Haibo , Cheng Xiaoyan , Zeng Yongjian , Tianwei Du 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
When seismic waves propagate underground, subsurface media can absorb high-frequency components of the seismic waves, resulting in attenuation of the high-frequency portion of the seismic data. Therefore, the seismic resolution is low and it is difficult to provide the information needed for thin layer prediction. In this paper, a spectral fitting method with horizon constraints is proposed. This method fully takes into account the spectral characteristics and tectonic changes of the seismic data. It can effectively extend the seismic frequency bandwidth by spectral fitting and improve the seismic resolution. At the same time, the structural information is integrated into the high-resolution processing as the layer information is used to constrain the target equation, and more accurate spectral features of multi-channel data can be obtained. Then the spectral weighting coefficient can be calculated more accurately, resulting in more realistic and accurate seismic data. At the same time, the seismic phase is not destroyed by the processing, so the structural features become clearer, especially for small fractures and thin layers. This method is used for comparison with traditional robust deconvolution and statistical wavelet deconvolution. The spectral components are more faithful and the resolution is higher when processed with this method.
Hachette and controlled digital lending: the end of the line, or merely the story thus far?
Authors: Liptrap J S 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
On 24 March 2023, the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York issued its decision in Hachette Book Group, Inc. v Internet Archive. The Court held that the Internet Archive’s practice of scanning print copyrighted titles and lending digital copies to patrons online was not ‘fair use’ under section 107 of the US Copyright Act 1976. The present analysis addresses whether the case forecloses other kinds of libraries from engaging in controlled digital lending. The academic law library is used to illustrate that Hachette is not the end of the line.