bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review on recent developments and advances in environmental gas sensors to monitor toxic gas pollutants
Authors: Saxena Pooja , Shukla Prashant 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAir pollutants originating from various sources like vehicular emission, power stations, factories, refineries, industrial emissions, and burning of garbage in open and laboratories, include many toxic gases and pollutants like hydrogen chloride (HCl), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) like benzene, toluene, xylene, and so on, ammonia (NH3), carbon‐monoxide (CO), carbon‐dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), and so on, that are constantly released into the atmosphere and continuously deteriorating our natural environment and surroundings. These pollutants create harmful effects on the ecosystem and affect human health. Though there are many devices available for monitoring these pollutants and toxic gases, they are very expensive and time‐consuming. Since the safety of the life of human health, plants, animals, and their surrounding area on topmost priority, thus there is a significant need to develop user‐friendly and environmentally friendly sensing devices for real‐time monitoring of air pollutant emissions, which are extremely hazardous to the environment, breathable air, and human health. Extensive research has been made by researchers to develop an ideal sensor suitable for the environment and which can be within the reach of the masses. This review article presents different types of gas sensors and the technologies on which they work upon. We have also discussed the different gas sensors with their principle of operation. The working, advantages, and disadvantages of each type of sensor have also been discussed and compared with each other. Despite extensive research over several years to develop a highly sensitive, selective, and quick response sensor for the detection of flammable and toxic gases, the future scope and perspective for scientists are also proposed at the end of this article.
Energy efficiency and cost assessment of a residential site with a combined heat and power system optimized with cryptocurrency mining
Authors: Tat Mustafa Ertunc , Bestas Enes Hakan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCombined heat and power (CHP) systems, an effective way of meeting high energy demand with high efficiency, were adapted to existing large service buildings in most studies. Because of the large daily and seasonal fluctuations in energy and electricity demands of the buildings, optimization problems have come into view and have been studied. This study propounds a holistic design solution for the CHP systems' inadequacy to meet varying consumer energy demands in residential and the excessive electricity demand created by cryptocurrency mining. In addition, the study defines the possible high efficiency and sustainability for residentials producing and consuming heat and electricity by themselves.An energy‐conservative three‐block residential and a CHP system were projected together by a holistic view balancing the residencies' peak thermal demand to the thermal output capacity of the CHP system. The investment return rate of the CHP system was maximized by optimizing the thermodynamic efficiencies and maximizing the electric generation for cryptocurrency mining. The energetic efficiency increased from 40% to an energy utilization factor of 83%, and exergetic efficiency increased from 39% to 42%. The waste‐exergy ratio decreased from 61% to 58%. The engine's environmental effect factor was 1.56 and reduced to 1.38 with the CHP system. The exergetic sustainability index was improved from 0.64 to 0.72. The benefit–cost ratio was estimated as 1.6, with an internal return rate of 79%. Holistic designs considering common values should be considered to improve sustainability.
Effects of ultra‐high‐temperature processes on metabolite changes in milk
Authors: Bai Ge , Cheng Long , Peng Liying , Wu Bin , Zhen Yuguo , Qin Guixin , Zhang Xuefeng , Aschalew Natnael D. , Sun Zhe , Wang Tao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractProcessing can affect milk properties and alter the composition of milk metabolites, which has corresponding effects on milk flavor and quality. It is quite important to study the safe quality control of milk processing. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify metabolites at different steps of ultra‐high‐temperature‐sterilized (UHT) milk processing using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). These steps included raw milk, pasteurized milk (80°C for 15 s), semi‐finished milk (after pasteurizing, it was homogenized at 75°C with pressure of 250 bar), UHT milk (at 140°C for 10 s), and finished milk (homogenized UHT milk). A total of 66 metabolites were identified across all samples, including 30 metabolites in the chloroform layers of the milk samples and 41 metabolites in the water layers; 5 metabolites were found in both layers. The metabolites were primarily fatty acids, amino acids, sugars, and organic acids. For example, pasteurized and ultra‐high‐temperature‐sterilized kinds of milk had lactose contents similar to those of raw milk, with increases in saturated fatty acids such as hexadecanoic acid and octadecanoic acid. Additionally, these findings indicated that these methods of processing can affect the contents of some components of milk. Therefore, from the perspective of milk's nutritional value and consumer health, the excessive heating of dairy products should be avoided and the milk heat treatment process should be standardized from the source.
“Connection, community and convenience”: A case study of a Facebook group for fathers navigating parenthood
Authors: Mancini Vincent O. , Takeda Ryan , Nagar Anjali , Robison Bruce W. S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIssues addressedFathers remain less likely to participate in parenting interventions which can limit their ability to receive support and build their parenting capacity. The advent of social media has engendered novel opportunities for fathers to connect with, and support, one another in the form of online peer support. Growth of these online communities exemplifies the demand from fathers to relate to other fathers who are navigating parenthood. However, the benefits of membership to these communities remain unclear. This study evaluated the perceived benefits of members of an online father‐to‐father, community‐created and moderated Facebook group designed for Australian fathers in both rural and metropolitan regions.MethodsOne‐hundred and forty‐five Australian fathers (aged 23–72 years) who were members of the same online fathering community completed an online survey where they qualitatively described their experiences as members of this community.ResultsContent analysis of open‐ended survey questions revealed that fathers identified a series of unique and important personal and familial benefits, which were largely attributed to their ability to connect with fellow fathers. Specifically, the opportunity to have convenient access to a safe space for fathers to connect was highly valued, providing fathers with opportunities to support, discuss and normalise parenting experiences.ConclusionsOnline father‐to‐father connection is a highly valued resource for fathers who are navigating parenthood.So what?Online, community‐led groups for fathers contribute to perceptions of genuineness and ownership by its members and provide a unique opportunity to connect and seek support for parenting.
The effect of problematic smartphone use on school engagement and disengagement among middle school students: The mediating role of academic procrastination and sleep quality
Authors: Li Boyang , Gu Yue , Yang Yuchuan , Zhao Minxiang , Dong Yan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionAlthough a few research have tried to explore the relationship between problematic smartphone use (PSU) and school engagement, most of them are limited to relatively simple correlation, and the mechanism needs to be further explored. This research focused on the relationship between PSU and school engagement/disengagement, and intended to verify two mediation paths.MethodsWe conducted two studies in 2019 at a middle school in China. 289 students (44.6% girls), aged 11–18 (Mage = 13.25, standard deviation [SD] = 1.73), participated in Study 1, a longitudinal cross‐lag analysis intend to verify the relationship between PSU and school engagement/disengagement. Using a separate sample, Study 2 explored the mediating roles of academic procrastination and sleep quality. Four hundred thirty‐two students aged 11–19 (42.1% girls, Mage = 16.11, SD = 1.56) participated in this cross‐sectional study. In both studies, all participants completed self‐report measures in classrooms during regular school hours.ResultsIn Study 1, the results showed that PSU (T1) could significantly predict school engagement/disengagement (T2), but school engagement/disengagement (T1) could not predict PSU (T2). In Study 2, we found that academic procrastination could mediate the effect of PSU on school engagement, and sleep quality could mediate the effect of PSU on both school engagement and disengagement.ConclusionsResults highlighted that the school engagement/disengagement of adolescents can be influenced by PSU through several different ways, through which we can protect adolescents from the negative effects of PSU.
A Cultural‐Based approach to address substance use among urban Native American young adults
Authors: Kelley Melessa , Lowe John , Greywolf Cynthia , Wimbish‐Tompkins Rose , Menon Usha 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNative American young adults residing in urban communities are particularly vulnerable to substance use. After leaving high school, the pressures and stress of continuing education, finding employment, and the responsibilities related to family and tribal community obligations predispose these young adults to substance use. This study used a pre/post test design to evaluate a cultural‐based Talking Circle intervention for the prevention of substance use among urban Native American young adults, ages 18–24. Three measures were used that included the Native‐Reliance Questionnaire, the Indigenous‐Global Assessment of Individual Needs (I‐GAIN) Substance Use Scale, and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ‐9) measure for severity of depression. Findings revealed that participants demonstrated a higher sense of Native‐Reliance, decrease in substance use, and a decrease in the PHQ‐9 depressions scores from baseline to 6‐month postintervention. These findings validate the importance of cultural‐based interventions for the prevention of substance use among urban Native American young adults.
Diagnostic value of multimodal ultrasound strategies in the differentiation of non‐mass‐like breast lesions
Authors: Wang Fuxia , Wang Wen , Sun Nan , Ma Liqiong , Zhang Qian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPurposeThe study aims to assess the diagnostic performance of convention ultrasound (US), Angio PLUS microvascular US imaging (AP), and shear‐wave elastography (SWE) in differentiating malignant and benign non‐mass‐like (NML) breast lesions.MethodsSixty patients aged 21–70 years with 60 NML lesions were recruited. All patients were examined by conventional US, AP, and SWE. According to the pathological results, the performances of the multimodal US strategies were analyzed, while the diagnostic efficiency of AP and SWE in serial and parallel was also explored.ResultsAge, together with posterior features, microcalcification, and architectural distortion were considered significant in evaluating NML lesions. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy of AP combined SWE in serial were 72.7, 96.3, 96.0, 74.3, and 83.3%, while those in parallel were 90.9, 63.0, 75.0, 85.0, and 78.3%, respectively. The two in serial indicated the highest specificity, PPV, accuracy, and AUC value, which could increase the true positive rate and reduce the chance of misdiagnosis, while the two in parallel exhibited the best sensitivity and NPV, which might serve as an effective tool to avoid excessive or nonessential biopsy.ConclusionThe multimodal US strategies could provide precise and reliable diagnostic results for NML breast lesions.
Functional gastrointestinal disorders among healthcare professionals at a tertiary Australian hospital
Authors: Nagarethinam Meena , Webster Hannah , Lee Shok Yin , Con Danny , Shen Emily 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and AimThe aim of this study was to determine the frequency, characteristics, and associations of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) among healthcare professionals.MethodsA qualitative survey was conducted among the staff at a tertiary Australian hospital between January 2017 and June 2018. Rome III criteria (excluding endoscopic) were used to define FGID. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore associations.ResultsOf the 274 respondents (17% doctors, 66% nurses, 17% others; 77% female), 54% had experienced GI symptoms ≥3 times per week and 23% were diagnosed with FGIDs (2% IBS, 19% FD, 2% both). GI symptoms were more common in females (58% vs. 38%), Caucasians versus Asians (59% vs. 35%), respondents who were easily (67% vs. 40%) or often stressed (58% vs. 37%), and had irregular working hours (62% vs. 46%, each P < 0.05). Independent predictors of GI symptoms included being easily stressed (OR 2.7) and female sex (OR 2.4), while Asian ethnicity was protective (OR 0.42, each P < 0.05). FGIDs were more prevalent in respondents who often felt stressed (27% vs. 10%), felt easily stressed (29% vs. 17%), and in nurses compared to others (27% vs. 16%; each P < 0.05). The only independent predictor of FGID was being often stressed (OR 4.1, P = 0.011).ConclusionsFGIDs and GI symptoms are prevalent among hospital workers. Stress, female sex, irregular working hours, and non‐Asian ethnicity appeared to be associated with GI symptoms and FGIDs.
Colletotrichum siamense leaf blight/spot: Characterization of a newly identified disease on Cinnamomum tamala
Authors: Momotaz Rumana , Alam Khondoker M. , Arifunnahar Most , Islam Md N. , Alam Md M. , Hossain Md. M. , Siddique Shaikh S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCinnamomum tamala (bay leaf) is widely used for culinary and medicinal purposes in South Asia. A leaf blight/spot disease was first discovered on nearly 90% of C. tamala plants with a mean severity of 48% to 74.4% in Gazipur and Bogura, Bangladesh, in 2019. The present study identified and characterized the causal organism and formulated the optimum growth conditions and effective fungicides for the chemical control of the pathogen. The characteristic symptoms on the infected leaves appeared circular to oval reddish‐brown spots with raised margins and often developed in tear‐stain patterns. Severe infection of C. tamala sapling resulted in dieback symptoms with leaf defoliation. A fungus with floccose, dense, white colonies with well‐differentiated acervuli was isolated from the infected leaves. Combined cultural, morphological, and molecular characteristics identified the pathogen as Colletotrichum siamense. Inculcating healthy leaves and 1‐year‐old saplings of C. tamala with a conidial suspension of the fungus reproduced the same symptoms observed in the bay leaf orchard. The highest mycelial growth was recorded on V‐8 Juice Agar media, while the maximum radial mycelial growth and level of sporulation of the fungus were significantly higher in incubation temperature 30°C. Fungicide trials showed that carbendazim 50 WP, azoxystrobin, mancozeb, and trifloxystrobin, either singly or in combination, successfully reduced fungal mycelial growth in vitro. Therefore, disease management strategies should be opted to halt the further spread of this issue. To our knowledge, this is the first study to document the incidence of Colletotrichum leaf blight on C. tamala in Bangladesh and even in the world.
A case of metallosis mimicking cutaneous malignant melanoma following total elbow arthroplasty
Authors: Arima Mio , Matsuzawa Takamitsu , Hashimoto Eiko , Ochiai Nobuyasu , Matsusaka Keisuke , Inozume Takashi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMetallosis manifests as an abnormal dark macroscopic staining of periprosthetic tissues by metallic particles from the prosthesis. This complication is uncommon in non‐weight‐bearing joints such as the elbow. We describe a rare case of metallosis mimicking cutaneous malignant melanoma following total elbow arthroplasty (TEA). A 77‐year‐old Japanese woman presented to our clinic with a black nodule within a blue‐greyish pigmentation on the left elbow. She had undergone a left TEA 8 years before presentation. X‐ray showed an amorphous increased density shadow accompanied by high‐density substances in the periprosthetic tissues, consistent with the features of metallosis. Surgical debridement and prosthetic removal were performed. Histopathological examination of the pigmented skin around the nodule revealed a dense infiltration of histiocytes with brownish to blackish granular particles in the dermis. The black‐stained periprosthetic tissues exhibited many multinucleated giant cells and histiocytes with similar particles. Additionally, analysis of the paraffin sections containing particles and the scanning electron microscope‐energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (SEM‐EDX) revealed that the metal was composed of titanium and aluminium, which were components of the prosthesis. At the patient's first visit to our clinic, cutaneous malignant melanoma was considered as a possible differential diagnosis based on the clinical appearance. To the best of our knowledge, previous cases of metallosis with this clinical presentation have not been reported.
Time‐dependent effects of ecological rehabilitation on soil phosphorus fractions on cut slopes in the mountains of Southwest China
Authors: Ai Xiaoyan , Tian Xiaosu , Yang Siqian , Ai Shenghao , Jiang Xue , Sheng Meihua , Ai Yingwei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWhen a cut slope is excavated, the ecological environment in the footprint is destroyed. Soil spray seeding technique is used for the ecological rehabilitation of cut slopes in the mountain areas of Southwest China. However, there have been few studies of the temporal variation in soil phosphorus (P) fractions during the rehabilitation of the cut slopes. In this study, time‐dependent changes in soil inorganic P (Pi) and organic P (Po) fractions of the cut slopes were assessed at selected post‐rehabilitation ages (i.e., 1 year, 1a; 3 years, 3a; 5 years, 5a; and 11 years, 11a). The results showed that the amounts of Pi and Po fractions in soils on rehabilitated cut slopes varied with time. The reduction in the total Po (TPo) content was mainly caused by the change in high concentration hydrochloric acid‐soluble Po (HHCl‐Po) in the soil. The reason for the highest TP content in 3a was the addition of inorganic fertilizer and straw in the artificial soil. The analyses of Pearson correlation and multiple stepwise linear regression showed that TPo and N:P were the main factors affecting the availability of soil P. With the increase in the post‐rehabilitation age, the limitation of soil P gradually weakened, but nitrogen became one of the limiting factors for plant growth. Overall, soil nutrient monitoring is very important for vegetation restoration of the cut slopes. Applying organic fertilizer after 5 years of ecological rehabilitation is conducive to long‐term supply of nutrients required for plant growth.
Putting on your “woods ears”: A lesson in listening
Authors: Hayes Daniel B. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA simple exercise of active listening to bird vocalizations in a natural setting was evaluated in an introductory class (FW101L) at Michigan State University. This class is geared toward first‐ or second‐year students and is intended to broaden their skills and knowledge as naturalists. This activity is shown to have a lasting impact on students evaluated in 2015 and 2016 via feedback in a reflective essay students submit covering the entire course. I posit that focusing student attention on bird songs and calls increases the saliency of these sounds, and a positive feedback loop is set up whereby these sounds are more readily detected in future outdoor experiences, which is the intended outcome. This exercise is an effective component of an outdoor experiential class, but more broadly emphasizes the role that saliency has on student learning.
The effect of epoxy vitrimer on the structure and properties of thermoplastic polyurethane/polycaprolactone polymer composites
Authors: Ye Gaoyuan , Zhang Jian , Bi Hongjie 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA vitrimer (ESO‐S) was prepared by direct curing of epoxy soybean oil (ESO). A series of polymer/ESO‐S blend composites were prepared by adding different content of ESO‐S, and the corresponding characteristics change of thermoplastic polymer composites was explored. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) test demonstrated that ESO‐S can achieve covalent bonding and intermolecular hydrogen bonding between ESO‐S and polymer matrix, thus the interfacial compatibility between composite components was improved. The tensile strength of composites was increased by adding the ESO‐S of suitable content. The tensile strength reached the maximum value (38.15 MPa) when the ESO‐S content was 0.8 wt%. In addition, the thermal stability and melting temperature of the composites were also improved.
Bootstrap confidence intervals of process capability indices Spmk, Spmkc and Cs for Frechet distribution
Authors: Kanwal Tahira , Abbas Kamran 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we considered the Bayesian estimators under reference and Jeffery's priors and maximum likelihood estimators to estimate the unknown parameters of the process capability indices Spmk, Spmkc, and Cs forFrechetdistribution. Further, we developed bootstrap confidence intervals for aforementioned process capability indices based on above‐mentioned estimators. Monte Carlo simulations are performed to investigate the performance of process capability indices through skewness, kurtosis, mean square error and widths of bootstrap confidence intervals for small, moderate, and large sample sizes. Simulations results indicate that the Bayesian estimator under reference prior outperforms even in small sample sizes, and all performed equally well for larger sample sizes. Moreover, the average width for bootstrap confidence interval for Cs is least in all. Finally, real data is analyzed for illustration purposes.
The optoelectronic application of CsSnI3 upon substitution with Pb: A DFT approach
Authors: Mubarak A. A. , Tariq Saad 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe efficiency of Pb substitution on the Sn site of CsSnI3 is studied theoretically utilizing DFT as employed by Wien2k code. The energetical, structural, and thermodynamic stability criteria have been fully explained for the studied compounds. Structural and mechanical properties have shown the thermodynamic stability of the studied compounds and their ability to be formed. From their electronic properties, the electronic band gap tuning is observed by systematically substituting Pb in CsSnI3. All these compounds (Pb/CsSnI3) have shown a direct band gap nature within the range 1.11–2.95 eV, a potential indication of their possible usage in fabricating solar cells. On further investigating of their optical properties, the most stable and optically active band gap for solar cell application is observed for CsSn0.75Pb0.25I3 and CsSn0.5Pb0.5I3. Furthermore, the measured minimum thermal conductivity of Pb/CsSnI3 is greatest along the [1 1 1] direction. While the direct proportion predicts that the crystal structure with Pb atoms is anharmonic. High melting temperature, thermal stability, a wide optically active region, and a low Debye temperature indicate plausible operable conditions of these compounds under wide ambient conditions. The optical properties, ductile nature, and the bond bending attributes illustrate that CsSnxPb1−xI3 has exciting potential to be used in flexible electronic devices, solar cells, and optical sensors.