bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent progress in two-dimensional polymer materials: interfacial synthesis and applications
Authors: Ma Lili , Hou Wenbo , Li Anbai , Peng Hui , Xie Xuan , Ma Guofu , Xu Yuxi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
As a new two-dimensional polymer (2DP) synthetic material, 2DPs not only have the advantages of high specific surface area and high transparency of 2D materials, but also have the advantages of high mechanical strength and easy processing of polymer materials. Therefore, 2DPs are widely used and have become one of the indispensable materials today. However, there are still challenges in preparing 2DPs using traditional methods. Among the various synthesis strategies, the interfacial synthesis methods with the advantages of simple operation and high crystallinity have become typical method for preparing 2DPs. In this review, we first summarize the types of interface synthesis methods and the latest research progress. Secondly, the 2DPs applications in optoelectronic devices, membrane separation, sensor, electrical device and batteries, etc. are introduced. Finally, we summarize and prospect the existing challenges and future research directions based on the current research status of 2DPs.
Continuous-variable quantum key distribution with noisy squeezed states
Authors: Oruganti Akash nag , Derkach Ivan , Filip Radim , Usenko Vladyslav C 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We address the crucial role of noisy squeezing in security and performance of continuous-variable (CV) quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols. Squeezing has long been recognized for its numerous advantages in CV QKD, such as enhanced robustness against channel noise and loss, and improved secret key rates. However, the excess noise of the squeezed states, that unavoidably originates already from optical loss as well as other imperfections in the source, raises concerns about its potential exploitation by an eavesdropper. For the widely adopted trust assumption on the excess noise in the signal states, we confirm the stability of the protocol against the noisy squeezing in both purely attenuating as well as noisy channels in the asymptotic limit, which implies perfect parameter estimation. In the finite-size regime we show that this stability largely holds at up to 107 data points using optimal biased homodyne detection for key distribution and parameter estimation. Untrusted assumption on the noisy squeezing, on the other hand, introduces additional security bounds on the squeezing excess noise already in the asymptotic regime, which is further enforced by the finite-size effects. Additionally, we show the critical negative role of noisy squeezing in the case of atmospheric free-space channels, already in the trusted-noise and asymptotic assumptions, which emphasizes the importance of squeezing purity in the free-space quantum channels. Our results pave the way towards practical realization of squeezed-state CV QKD protocols in both fibre and free-space channels.
Analysis of noise characteristics of ceramic bearings rotor system in a wide temperature range
Authors: An Wenjie , Gu Yanling , Chen Changzheng , Zheng Hao , Tian Miao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The loosening effect of ceramic bearings in steel seats becomes increasingly pronounced over a wide temperature range as the temperature rises. This leads to more complex bearing movements and more intense contact with the inner walls of the steel seats, significantly impacting the system’s noise characteristics. In the noise model of the ceramic bearing rotor system, the shaft was discretized into elements, and the variable clearance between the bearing and the steel seat due to temperature changes was used as the geometric boundary condition for the outer ring motion. The influence of temperature and clearance on the noise characteristics of ceramic bearings was investigated experimentally. The results indicate that the clearance, by altering the interaction between the bearing and the steel housing, affects the system’s sound radiation. Sound pressure level was positively correlated with temperature increase, and the directionality of the noise also varied with temperature. Following manufacturing requirements, connecting ceramic bearings to the steel housing through an interference fit can effectively mitigate the noise from ceramic bearings. These research findings provide theoretical guidance for the installation and noise suppression of ceramic-bearing rotor systems across a wide temperature range.
Causality-driven feature selection and domain adaptation for enhancing chemical foundation models in downstream tasks
Authors: Soares Eduardo , Shirasuna Victor Yukio , Brazil Emilio Vital , Aquino Gutierrez Karen Fiorella , Cerqueira Renato , Zubarev Dmitry , Schmidt Kristin , Sanders Daniel P 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Recent advancements in large foundation models have revealed impressive capabilities in mastering complex chemical language representations. These models undergo a task-agnostic learning phase, characterized by pre-training on extensive unlabeled corpora followed by fine-tuning on specific downstream tasks. This methodology reduces reliance on labeled data, facilitating data acquisition and broadening the scope of chemical language representation. However, real-world scenarios often pose challenges due to domain shift, a phenomenon where the data distribution in downstream tasks differs from that of the pre-training phase, potentially degrading model performance. To address this, we present a novel causal-based framework for feature selection and domain adaptation to enhance the performance of chemical foundation models on downstream tasks. Our approach employs a multi-stage feature selection method that identifies physico-chemical features based on their direct causal-effect over specific downstream properties. By employing Mordred descriptors and Markov blanket causal graphs, our approach provides insight into the causal relationships between features and target properties for prediction tasks. We evaluate our approach on various foundation model architectures and datasets, demonstrating performance improvements, which showcases the robustness and the agnostic nature of our approach.
Co-occurring climate events and environmental justice in California, 2018–2019
Authors: Shea Brittany , Meltzer Gabriella Y , Steiger Benjamin B , Parks Robbie M , Do Vivian , McBrien Heather , Flores Nina , Gordon Milo , Blake Elizabeth M , Casey Joan A 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Climate change will increase the frequency of extreme weather events. This means climate-driven events like wildfires and power outages will likely co-occur more often, potentially magnifying their health risks. We characterized three types of climate-driven events—anomalously warm temperatures, wildfire burn zone disasters, and long power outages—in 58 California counties during 2018–2019. We defined county-day anomalously warm temperatures when daily average temperatures exceeded 24 °C and the 85th percentile of the long-term county average. We defined county-day wildfire burn zone disasters when an active wildfire burn zone intersected a county, burned 1+ structures, killed a civilian, or received a Federal Emergency Management Agency Fire Management Declaration, and overlapped with a community. For a subset of the 38 counties (66%), long power outage county days were identified using PowerOutage.us data when an outage affected >0.5% of county customers for 8+ h. Co-occurring events were when 2+ of these events occurred on the same county day. Using the CDC/ATSDR Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), we determined whether co-occurring events disproportionately affected vulnerable populations. Nearly every county (97%) experienced at least one day of anomalously warm temperatures, 57% had at least one wildfire burn zone disaster day, and 63% (24/38 counties with available data) had at least one long power outage day. The most common co-occurring events (anomalously warm temperatures and wildfire burn zone disasters) impacted 24 (41%) counties for 144 total county-days. We did not find a clear connection between co-occurring events and social vulnerability. We observed an inverse correlation between co-occurring wildfire burn zone disasters and long power outage days with SVI, and a positive correlation between co-occurring anomalously warm and long power outage days with SVI. This analysis can inform regional resource allocation and other state-wide planning and policy objectives to reduce the adverse effects of climate-driven events.
To bob or not to bob: context-dependence of an antipredator response in neotropical harvestmen
Authors: Calhoun Austin C , Tobin Kerrigan B , Poorboy Dylan M , Bowden Rachel M , Sadd Ben M 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Inducible defence strategies evolve in response to temporally and spatially variable predation risk. Selection should favor the expression of these strategies when risk crosses a threshold, but expression may also depend on how effective a strategy is across contexts. For neotropical harvestmen, aggregation behavior is a group-level defence strategy but can be supplemented by additional behavior to enhance antipredator defence. A secondary behavioral strategy termed “bobbing,” in which individuals rapidly move their bodies up and down, has been proposed to confuse or deter predation as the group moves en masse. While this behavior may be performed in isolation, we propose that its net pay-off may depend on the presence of conspecifics and group size. Therefore, due to the benefits of plasticity in a behavior with such an apparent context dependent pay-off, we hypothesize that the aggregation size of neotropical harvestmen affects the propensity of individuals to engage in the antipredator bobbing defence. We predicted that individuals would be more likely to perform bobbing in aggregations as opposed to in isolation. We collected harvestmen (Prionostemma sp.) at La Selva Biological Research Station, Costa Rica, and exposed them to a simulated predator cue when housed within experimental chambers. Individuals were more likely to engage in bobbing when in a group than alone. Moreover, we performed field observations that found bobbing to be a more frequent response as group size increased. Our results show social context-dependence of an inducible antipredator defence behavior that aligns with proposed costs and benefits of its expression.
Collagen turnover during cervical remodeling involves both intracellular and extracellular collagen degradation pathways
Authors: Colon-Caraballo Mariano , Russell Serena R , Myers Kristin M , Mahendroo Mala 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Reproductive success requires accurately timed remodeling of the cervix to orchestrate the maintenance of pregnancy, the process of labor, and birth. Prior work in mice established that a combination of continuous turnover of fibrillar collagen and reduced formation of collagen cross-links allows for the gradual increase in tissue compliance and delivery of the fetus during labor. However, the mechanism for continuous collagen degradation to ensure turnover during cervical remodeling is still unknown. This study demonstrates the functional role of extracellular and intracellular collagen degradative pathways in two different settings of cervical remodeling: physiological term remodeling and inflammation-mediated premature remodeling. Extracellular collagen degradation is achieved by the activity of fibroblast-derived matrix metalloproteases MMP14, MMP2, and fibroblast activation protein (FAP). In parallel, we demonstrate the function of an intracellular collagen degradative pathway in fibroblast cells mediated by the collagen endocytic mannose receptor type-2 (MRC2). These pathways appear to be functionally redundant as loss of MRC2 does not obstruct collagen turnover or cervical function in pregnancy. While both extracellular and intracellular pathways are also utilized in inflammation-mediated premature cervical remodeling, the extracellular collagen degradation pathway uniquely employs fibroblast and immune-cell-derived proteases. In sum, these findings identify the dual utilization of two distinct degradative pathways as a failsafe mechanism to achieve continuous collagen turnover in the cervix, thereby allowing dynamic shifts in cervical tissue mechanics and function.
Phylogenomics and intergenomic conflict in a challenging orchid clade (Calypsoinae): monophyly of Corallorhiza, paraphyly of Oreorchis, and resurrection of Kitigorchis
Authors: Barrett Craig F , Freudenstein John V , Skibicki Samuel V , Sinn Brandon T , Chung Shih-Wen , Hsu Tian-Chuan , Liao Wenbo , Lee Shiou Yih , Luo Yi-Bo , Yukawa Tomohisa , Suetsugu Kenji 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Heterotrophic plants are among the most recalcitrant from a systematics perspective because of reduced morphological and genomic features, and often extreme substitution rate heterogeneity. The orchid subtribe Calypsoinae exemplifies this, containing several lineages that have lost leaves and photosynthesis. In particular, relationships of the leafy Asian Oreorchis and the leafless American Corallorhiza have been contentious. Here we used nuclear sequence capture to resolve relationships within Calypsoinae and addressed the monophyly of Corallorhiza and Oreorchis, for which previous studies have highlighted conflicting patterns of monophyly or paraphyly, depending on the data analysed. Nuclear analyses provided strong support for a monophyletic Corallorhiza and paraphyletic Oreorchis, the latter with two strongly supported clades. As in previous studies, plastid analyses recovered strongly supported paraphyletic assemblages for both genera. Topology tests using plastid and nuclear relationships and data rejected the constrained topologies, further revealing strong cytonuclear conflict. Network-based analyses revealed a lack of evidence for hybridization, suggesting incomplete lineage sorting associated with biological and historical factors have driven intergenomic conflict. Additionally, we found that loci identified as putatively lost in holomycotrophic Corallorhiza species are functionally enriched for organellar functions. The study provides a strong case for the resurrection of Kitigorchis as the sister of Corallorhiza, with two species, Kitigorchis erythrochrysea and Kitigorchis indica, and highlights the challenges associated with phylogenetics of lineages containing mycoheterotrophs.
Endurance swimming performance and physiology of juvenile Green Sturgeon (Acipenser medirostris) at different temperatures
Authors: Hannan Kelly D , Steel Anna E , Debarros Mikayla R , Cocherell Dennis E , Baird Sarah E , Fangue Nann A 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Sturgeon are threatened by anthropogenic changes to river systems, including entrainment or impingement at water diversions (i.e. the unwanted passage of fish through a water intake or physical contact with a barrier screen, likely caused by high intake velocities). Though there are no universally accepted protocols to determine water diversion risk, previous studies on sturgeon suggest that laboratory evaluations of swimming performance are an effective way to describe susceptibility to entrainment or impingement. The swimming performance of juvenile Green Sturgeon (~5 cm fork length), Acipenser medirostris, was quantified for fish acclimated to 13 and 18°C for 2 weeks using fixed water velocity endurance tests. Water velocities ranged from 25 to 55 cm s−1, and time-to-fatigue was measured at 5 cm s−1 increments. Green Sturgeon were quicker to exhaust at the lower acclimation temperature (13°C) compared to fish acclimated to 18°C, for example at 40 cm s−1 13°C acclimated fish impinged ~7.7 times faster than 18°C acclimated fish and ~41.3 times quicker at water velocities of 45 cm s−1. Whole-body cortisol grouped by time-to-fatigue (i.e. sustained swimming: time-to-fatigue &gt;200 min, prolonged swimming: time-to-fatigue between 5 and 200 min, rapid swimming: time-to-fatigue &lt;5 min, and non-swimming: control fish) was highest following the swimming experiment for fish utilizing prolonged swimming strategies regardless of temperature exposure. Furthermore, whole body lactate was elevated in fish utilizing prolonged and rapid swimming strategies compared to sustained and control non-swimming fish. Taken together, when swimming to exhaustion, these results suggest that Green Sturgeon were upregulating stress markers and relying on anaerobic metabolism, although both the above trends were driven by 18°C acclimated fish. The time-to-fatigue data suggest that the risk of entrainment was reduced to zero at water speeds ≤ 29.4 cm s−1 for 18°C and ≤ 22.6 cm s−1 for 13°C acclimated fish.
Evaluation of the effects of carbamazepine-loaded chitosan-coated PLGA-Zein nanoparticles on pilocarpine-induced seizure model in zebrafish larvae: developmental toxicity and behavioral assays
Authors: Alak Gonca , Yıldırım Serkan , Ugur Kaplan Afife Busra , Köktürk Mine , Nazli Dilek , Gözegir Berrah , Ozhan Gunes , Cetin Meltem 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Epilepsy, the most common neurological disorder worldwide, is characterized by sudden paroxysmal brain activity, which can be generalized or focal. Extensive research has explored various treatment strategies for this condition. Our study used a pilocarpine (PL)-induced seizure model in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos and larvae to assess the effects of carbamazepine (CBZ)-loaded chitosan-coated PLGA-Zein nanoparticles (NPs) over 96 hr. We evaluated the developmental toxicity (mortality, malformation, and larval hatching), behavioral changes (sensorimotor reflexes), and histopathological and immunohistochemical alterations in brain tissue, focusing on 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4 (5HT4), and brain and muscle ARNT-like 1 (BMAL1) expressions. Our findings revealed high mortality and malformation rates in groups treated with pure CBZ (PL + CBZ 50 and PL + CBZ 100). These groups also exhibited delayed hatching and impaired sensorimotor reflexes. In contrast, the CBZ-NP-treated groups (PL + CBZ NP 50 and PL + CBZ NP 100) showed hatching rates comparable with the control group, with significantly lower mortality and malformation rates compared with pure CBZ-treated groups. Moreover, intense cytoplasmic expression of 5HT4 and BMAL1 was observed in neuropils of the PL + CBZ 100 group. This study highlights the potential of CBZ-loaded NPs in reducing developmental toxicity and adverse neurological effects associated with pure CBZ treatment in seizure models.
Latent Class Analysis Identifies Four Distinct Patient Deprescribing Typologies Among Older Adults in Four Countries
Authors: Weir Kristie Rebecca , Marshall Vincent D , Vordenberg Sarah E 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Polypharmacy, the concurrent use of multiple medicines, is a growing concern among older adults and those with chronic conditions. Deprescribing through dose reduction or discontinuing selected medicines is a strategy for reducing medicine-related harm. The Patient Deprescribing Typology was developed using qualitative methods to describe the varying factors that are important to older adults when they consider deprescribing. The objective of this study was to use quantitative methods to define distinct classes of older adults via the Patient Deprescribing Typology.

Research Design and Methods
This study used a cross-sectional experimental design in which data was collected via an online survey from participants 65 years and older in Australia, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and the United States. A latent class analysis was performed using the 4-item Patient Deprescribing Typology that collected data about the beliefs about the importance of medicines, how older adults learn about medicines, medicine decision-making preferences, and attitudes towards stopping medicines.

Results
Older adults (n = 2,250) were a median of 70 years and 2-thirds reported that their highest level of education was an associate’s degree or trade school or less. We identified 4 distinct Patient Deprescribing Typology classes: Class 1 “Trusts their doctor” (41.6%), Class 2 “Makes own decisions” (30.2%), Class 3 “Avoids deprescribing” (15.5%), and Class 4 ‘Medicines not important’ (12.7%).

Discussion and Implications
Older adults report diverse perspectives about deprescribing, emphasizing the need for tailored communication strategies in clinical settings. Additional research is needed to examine older adults’ preferences in real-world contexts to refine and improve deprescribing interventions.

Clinical Trial Registration
NCT04676282
Shortened SARS-CoV-2 Viral RNA Shedding in Saliva During Early Omicron Compared to Wild-Type Pandemic Phase
Authors: Kozanli Eva , Winkel Angelique M A M , Han Alvin X , van den Brink Sharon , van den Brandt Annemarie , Haverkort Mildred E , Euser Sjoerd M , Russell Colin A , de Jong Menno D , van Houten Marlies A , van Lelyveld Steven F L , Eggink Dirk 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study compared the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding in saliva between wild-type virus–infected and Omicron-infected household cohorts. Preexisting immunity in participants likely shortens the viral RNA shedding duration and lowers viral load peaks. Frequent saliva sampling can be a convenient tool to study viral load dynamics.
Walking or hanging: the role of habitat use for body shape evolution in lacertid lizards
Authors: Vicent-Castelló Pablo , Herrel Anthony , Harris D James , Kaliontzopoulou Antigoni 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Differences in habitat use impose ecological constraints which in turn lead to functional and morphological differences through adaptation. In fact, a convergent evolutionary pattern is evident when species exhibit similar responses to similar environments. In this study, we examine how habitat use influences the evolution of body shape in lizards from the family Lacertidae. We divided our species into two categories: ground-dwellers and climbers, which encompasses the verticality and horizontality aspects of the habitat. We performed phylogenetic comparative analyses employing 186 species and seven linear morphological traits. Our results show contrasting patterns between head and limb shapes, which are considered distinct functional blocks. We observed differences in forelimb proportions, but not in hindlimb length, contrary to what was documented in other lizard groups, demonstrating a novel axis in the limb–locomotion–habitat relationship in this family. In addition, a clear effect of habitat use on head shape was detected. We observed that climbing species present on average flatter heads than ground-dwelling species, as well as different evolutionary trajectories. These findings suggest the complex interplay between habitat use and morphological evolution in lizards, highlighting how distinct selective pressures drive divergent adaptations in different functional traits.