bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction models of bioaerosols inside office buildings: A field study investigation
Authors: Jiang Dong , Gong Xiaoqiang , Xu Zhengsong , Yuan Kai , Bu Zengwen 
Published: July 2023

Bioaerosols formed by microorganisms in the air directly affect people’s health. The air quality in an office building in Shenzhen, China, is investigated and pollutant levels measured on 36 occasions; six times for each of six indoor spaces. A relationship between indoor bioaerosols and environmental factors was determined using both linear regression analysis and Poisson regression analysis. Our results and analysis indicate that linear regression is a poor predictor for the concentration of bioaerosols based on a single indicator. In contrast, Poisson regression can better predict the concentration of bioaerosols, and PM10 may be the indicator with the greatest impact on bioaerosols. As a result, a simple, fast, and low-cost online monitoring method for monitoring indoor bioaerosols is developed and reported. Our paper provides first-hand basic data to predict the indoor bioaerosol concentration and helps to formulate appropriate monitoring guidelines. The proposed method offers more practical values compared to existing studies as our prediction model facilitates estimation of the concentration of bioaerosols at low cost. Additionally, due to the current maturity and low cost of indoor environmental sensors, the proposed method is suitable for large-scale deployment for most buildings. Practical application Based on measurement data from a real office building, our investigation explores the relationship between indoor microorganisms and building environmental indicators through a combination of probability analysis and actual measurement. We establish a novel indoor microbial prediction model using the Poisson regression model. Our work presents an effective, low-cost, method for estimating the concentration of bioaerosols and discusses the possibility for large-scale deployment of microbial monitoring equipment inside buildings which may then support real-time monitoring of indoor microbial concentration to provide healthy indoor environments for personnel.
Atezolizumab as the First Systemic Therapy Approved for Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma
Authors: Bergsma Emilie J. , Elgawly Mariam , Mancuso David , Orr Roger , Vuskovich Theresa , Seligson Nathan D. 
Published: July 2023

Objective The objective was to review the pharmacology, efficacy, and safety of atezolizumab (Tecentriq) for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients aged 2 years and older with unresectable or metastatic alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS). Data Sources A literature search was conducted using PubMed and MEDLINE databases, published abstracts, and ongoing studies from ClinicalTrials.gov between January 1, 1981, and May 31, 2023. Keywords included atezolizumab, Tecentriq, MPDL3280, immunotherapy, PD-L1, PD-1, pediatrics, sarcoma, and ASPS. Study selection and data extraction All English-language studies involving atezolizumab for ASPS were included and discussed. Data synthesis Atezolizumab is an anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) monoclonal antibody designed to block the interaction between PD-L1 and the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) receptor. Atezolizumab was granted approval by the FDA specifically for ASPS based on a phase II clinical trial in adult and pediatric patients (n = 49), which reported an overall response rate of 24% and a durable response rate at 6 and 12 months of 67% and 42%, respectively. Common grade 3/4 adverse reactions include musculoskeletal pain (8%), followed by hypertension (6%), weight gain (6%), headache (4%), and dizziness (4%). Relevance to patient care and clinical practice in comparison with existing drugs Advanced ASPS is a high-risk disease with limited treatment options. Atezolizumab appears to be a viable treatment option in ASPS demonstrating clinical efficacy and a manageable toxicity profile. Conclusions With no other treatments that are FDA approved specifically for ASPS, and few demonstrating efficacy in the advanced setting, the approval of atezolizumab, including the first approval for pediatric patients, represents a landmark improvement to the therapeutic arsenal against this rare disease.
Novel Technique for Intentional Occlusion of Directional Branches During Complex Endovascular Aortic Repair Using Microvascular Plugs
Authors: Xodo Andrea , Taglialavoro Jacopo , Lepidi Sandro , Pilon Fabio , Calvagna Cristiano , Griselli Filippo , Milite Domenico , Badalamenti Giovanni , Ruaro Barbara , D’Oria Mario 
Published: July 2023

Purpose To demonstrate the feasibility and outcomes of using the microvascular plug (MVP) for intentional occlusion of directional branches (DB) during complex endovascular aortic procedures. Case Report Two patients were treated with the off-the-shelf four-branched Zenith t-Branch thoracoabdominal stent-graft (Cook Medical, Bloomington, Ind). In both cases, the renal arteries (on one side in patient #1 and on both sides in patient #2, respectively) were occluded at time of index intervention. Preoperative planning included the intentional occlusion of each DB with one 7Q-MVP. Technical success was achieved in all cases and maintained at mid-term follow-up (12 months and 36 months, respectively). Conclusions Use of the MVP appears to be feasible and effective for intentional occlusion of DB during complex endovascular aortic repair. This novel and simple technique may present some unique technical advantages, allowing precise placement of the device while avoiding extension using a bridging stent and DB cannulation with larger sheaths.
Surpass embolization of intracranial aneurysms: Perspective from a 2-year longitudinal follow-up study across high volume comprehensive stroke centers
Authors: Gupta Gaurav , Sreenivasan Sanjeev , Kane Ian , Salguiero Lauren , Saifuddin Ali , Sundararajan Srihari , Khandelwal Priyank , Nourallah-Zadeh Emad , Sun Hai , Sonig Ashish , Singla Amit , Nanda Anil , Roychowdhury Sudipta 
Published: July 2023

Background Surpass Streamline (SS; Stryker©) is an over-the-wire first-generation flow diverter (FD). There is a scarcity of data on real-world outcomes and complications of this FD. Methods A retrospective review of consecutive cases between January 2019 and July 2021 at two high-volume comprehensive stroke centers, involving SS was conducted. Results Fifty-five patients harbored 69 treated aneurysms, of which 96% were in the internal carotid petrous to terminus segments and 88% were <10 mm in size, and 12% measuring 10–24 mm. Raymond Roy Grade 1 occlusion was noted in 55 aneurysms (79.7%) at 1 year. Median follow-up duration was 26 months (mean = 26.06). Major complications were seen in eight patients (14.5%; 95% CI 6.5–26.7) and mortality attributable to SS stenting complications occurred in two (4.3%) patients. Four (7.2%) had ophthalmologic thromboembolic complications and two had (3.6%) ischemic complications. Procedural complications occurred in 10 patients (18.18%; 95% CI 9.1–30.9). Technical complications during procedure (n = 3, 5.3%) were: “confirmed” distal middle cerebral artery (MCA) guidewire perforation; “suspected” distal MCA guidewire perforation causing post-procedural subarachnoid hemorrhage and internal carotid artery dissection causing ischemic stroke. Seizures were seen in 5 (9.09%) and carotid-cavernous fistula in 1 (1.8%). Multivariate regression analysis showed technical challenges significantly predicted occurrence of major complications (p = 0.001; R2 = 0.39, F(13,43) = 2.15, p = 0.029). Univariate analysis showed technical challenges significantly predicted ophthalmological complications ( R2 = 0.06, F(1,55) = 4.04, p = 0.049) and major complications ( R2 = 0.21, F(1,55) = 15.11, p = 0.0002). Conclusion Large-scale future registry should focus on national data regarding SS safety, technical challenges, and procedural complications. We present one of the longest follow-ups for SS in literature.
Infections following bispecific antibodies in myeloma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Reynolds Gemma , Cliff Edward R. Scheffer , Mohyuddin Ghulam Rehman , Popat Rakesh , Midha Shonali , Liet Hing Melissa Ng , Harrison Simon J. , Kesselheim Aaron S. , Teh Benjamin W. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBispecific antibodies, a novel immunotherapy with promising efficacy against multiple myeloma, form immune synapses between T-cell surface marker CD3 and malignant cell markers, including B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), FcRH5, and G protein–coupled receptor GPRC5D. These bispecific antibodies so effectively deplete plasma cells (and to some extent T-cells) that patients are at increased risk of developing infections. A systematic review and meta-analysis of infections in published studies of patients with myeloma treated with bispecific antibodies was conducted to better characterize the infection risks. A literature search used MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane to identify relevant studies between inception and February 10, 2023, including major conference presentations. Phase 1b-3 clinical trials and observational studies were included. Sixteen clinical trials comprising 1666 patients were included. Median follow-up was 7.6 months and 38% of the cohort had penta-drug refractory disease. Pooled prevalence of all-grade infections was 56%, whereas the prevalence of grade ≥3 infections was 24%. Patients who were treated with BCMA-targeted bispecifics had significantly higher rates of grade ≥3 infections than non-BCMA bispecifics (25% vs 20%). Similarly, patients treated with bispecifics in combination with other agents had significantly higher rate of all-grade infection than those receiving monotherapy (71% vs 52%). In observational studies (n = 293), excluded from the primary analysis to ensure no overlap with patients in clinical trials, several infections classically associated with T-cell depletion were identified. This systematic review identifies BCMA-targeted bispecifics and bispecific combination therapy as having higher infection risk, requiring vigilant infection screening and prophylaxis strategies.
Improved outcomes of UM171–expanded cord blood transplantation compared with other graft sources: real-world evidence
Authors: Cohen Sandra , Bambace Nadia , Ahmad Imran , Roy Jean , Tang Xiaoying , Zhang Mei-Jie , Burns Linda , Barabé Frédéric , Bernard Léa , Delisle Jean-Sébastien , Kiss Thomas , Lachance Silvy , Roy Denis-Claude , Veilleux Olivier , Sauvageau Guy 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Cord blood (CB) transplantation is hampered by low cell dose and high nonrelapse mortality (NRM). A phase 1-2 trial of UM171-expanded CB transplants demonstrated safety and favorable preliminary efficacy. The aim of the current analysis was to retrospectively compare results of the phase 1-2 trial with those after unmanipulated CB and matched-unrelated donor (MUD) transplants. Data from recipients of CB and MUD transplants were obtained from the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR) database. Patients were directly matched for the number of previous allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplants (alloHCT), disease and refined Disease Risk Index. Patients were further matched by propensity score for age, comorbidity index, and performance status. Primary end points included NRM, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)-free relapse-free survival (GRFS) at 1 and 2 years after alloHCT. Overall, 137 patients from CIBMTR (67 CB, 70 MUD) and 22 with UM171-expanded CB were included. NRM at 1 and 2 years was lower, PFS and GRFS at 2 years and OS at 1 year were improved for UM171-expanded CBs compared with CB controls. Compared with MUD controls, UM171 recipients had lower 1- and 2-year NRM, higher 2-year PFS, and higher 1- and 2-year GRFS. Furthermore, UM171-expanded CB recipients experienced less grades 3-4 acute GVHD and chronic GVHD compared with MUD graft recipients. Compared with real-world evidence with CB and MUD alloHCT, this study suggests that UM171-expanded CB recipients may benefit from lower NRM and higher GRFS. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02668315.
Use of unsupervised machine learning to characterise HIV predictors in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Mutai Charles K. , McSharry Patrick E. , Ngaruye Innocent , Musabanganji Edouard 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Significant regional variations in the HIV epidemic hurt effective common interventions in sub-Saharan Africa. It is crucial to analyze HIV positivity distributions within clusters and assess the homogeneity of countries. We aim at identifying clusters of countries based on socio-behavioural predictors of HIV for screening.

Method
We used an agglomerative hierarchical, unsupervised machine learning, approach for clustering to analyse data for 146,733 male and 155,622 female respondents from 13 sub-Saharan African countries with 20 and 26 features, respectively, using Population-based HIV Impact Assessment (PHIA) data from the survey years 2015–2019. We employed agglomerative hierarchical clustering and optimal silhouette index criterion to identify clusters of countries based on the similarity of socio-behavioural characteristics. We analyse the distribution of HIV positivity with socio-behavioural predictors of HIV within each cluster.

Results
Two principal components were obtained, with the first describing 62.3% and 70.1% and the second explaining 18.3% and 20.6% variance of the total socio-behavioural variation in females and males, respectively. Two clusters per sex were identified, and the most predictor features in both sexes were: relationship with family head, enrolled in school, circumcision status for males, delayed pregnancy, work for payment in last 12 months, Urban area indicator, known HIV status and delayed pregnancy. The HIV positivity distribution with these variables was significant within each cluster.

Conclusions /findings
The findings provide a potential use of unsupervised machine learning approaches for substantially identifying clustered countries based on the underlying socio-behavioural characteristics.
The predictive role of psychotic-like experiences in suicidal ideation among technical secondary school and college students during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sun Meng , Wang Dongfang , Jing Ling , Zhou Liang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Previous research has shown the strong association between psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) and suicide. However, the predictive role of PLEs in suicidal ideation (SI) during the COVID-19 pandemic remains unclear.

Aims
This study aimed to explore the association between PLEs before the pandemic and SI during the pandemic among late adolescents.

Methods
A total of 938 technical secondary school and college students completed both waves of the online survey before and during the pandemic. PLEs were assessed through the 15-item Positive Subscale of the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences. SI was evaluated by the frequency of SI during the pandemic.

Results
In early stage of the pandemic, most students had low frequent SI, and only 3.3% students showed high frequent SI. Compared to the low frequent group, the high frequent group exhibited significantly higher levels of PLEs (p < 0.001) and scored lower in resilience (p = .001) and perceived social support (p = .008) across the two timepoints. PLEs were significantly associated with higher risk of high frequent SI (OR = 2.56, 95%: 1.07–6.13), while better resilience (OR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.88–0.99) and stronger perceived social support (OR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.93–0.99) appeared to be protective factors. No interactions were found among PLEs and other psychosocial and psychological factors.

Conclusions
PLEs may increase the risk of SI in early stage of the pandemic, while good resilience and adequate social support can help weaken the risk.
Subjective evaluation of facial asymmetry with three-dimensional simulated images among the orthodontists and laypersons: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhang Mingjin , Lyu Liang , Li Jing , Yan Huichun , Zhu Yujia , Yu Tingting , Wang Yong , Zhao Yijiao , Zhou Yanheng , Liu Dawei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objectives
We used three-dimensional (3D) virtual images to undertake a subjective evaluation of how different factors affect the perception of facial asymmetry among orthodontists and laypersons with the aim of providing a quantitative reference for clinics.

Materials and methods
A 3D virtual symmetrical facial image was acquired using FaceGen Modeller software. The left chin, mandible, lip and cheek of the virtual face were simulated in the horizontal (interior/exterior), vertical (up/down), or sagittal (forward or backward) direction in 3, 5, and 7 mm respectively with Maya software to increase asymmetry for the further subjective evaluation. A pilot study was performed among ten volunteers and 30 subjects of each group were expected to be included based on 80% sensitivity in this study. The sample size was increased by 60% to exclude incomplete and unqualified questionnaires. Eventually, a total of 48 orthodontists and 40 laypersons evaluated these images with a 10-point visual analog scale (VAS). The images were presented in random order. Each image would stop for 30 s for observers with a two-second interval between images. Asymmetry ratings and recognition accuracy for asymmetric virtual faces were analyzed to explore how different factors affect the subjective evaluation of facial asymmetry. Multivariate linear regression and multivariate logistic regression models were used for statistical data analysis.

Results
Orthodontists were found to be more critical of asymmetry than laypersons. Our results showed that observers progressively decreased ratings by 1.219 on the VAS scale and increased recognition rates by 2.301-fold as the degree of asymmetry increased by 2 mm; asymmetry in the sagittal direction was the least noticeable compared with the horizontal and vertical directions; and chin asymmetry turned out to be the most sensitive part among the four parts we simulated. Mandible asymmetry was easily confused with cheek asymmetry in the horizontal direction.

Conclusions
The degree, types and parts of asymmetry can affect ratings for facial deformity as well as the accuracy rate of identifying the asymmetrical part. Although orthodontists have higher accuracy in diagnosing asymmetrical faces than laypersons, they fail to correctly distinguish some specific asymmetrical areas.
Aloe-emodin inhibits African swine fever virus replication by promoting apoptosis via regulating NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Luo Yizhuo , Yang Yunlong , Wang Wenru , Gao Qi , Gong Ting , Feng Yongzhi , Wu Dongdong , Zheng Xiaoyu , Zhang Guihong , Wang Heng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is an acute infectious haemorrhagic fever of pigs caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV). Aloe-emodin (Ae) is an active ingredient of Chinese herbs with antiviral, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory effects. We investigated the antiviral activity and mechanism of action of Ae against ASFV using Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), western blotting, and indirect immunofluorescence assays. Ae significantly inhibited ASFV replication. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis revealed that ASFV infection activated the NF-κB signaling pathway in the early stage and the apoptosis pathway in the late stage. Ae significantly downregulated the expression levels of MyD88, phosphor-NF-κB p65, and pIκB proteins as well as the mRNA levels of IL-1β and IL-8 in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) infected with ASFV, thereby inhibiting the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway induced by ASFV. Flow cytometry and western blot analysis revealed that Ae significantly increased the percentage of ASFV-induced apoptotic cells. Additionally, Ae promoted apoptosis by upregulating the expression levels of cleaved-caspase3 and Bax proteins and downregulating the expression levels of Bcl-2 proteins. This suggests that Ae promotes apoptosis by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway, resulting in inhibition of ASFV replication. These findings have further improved therapeutic reserves for the prevention and treatment of ASF.
Relationship between C2 slope with sagittal parameters and clinical function of degenerative cervical kyphosis
Authors: Chai Zihao , Yang Xiaolu , Lu Haitao , Zhai Yunlei , Zhang Wei , Yu Haiyang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To explore the relationship between C2 slope with sagittal parameters and clinical function of degenerative cervical kyphosis (DCK).

Methods
A retrospective analysis of 127 patients with degenerative cervical spondylosis treated in our spinal deformity center from January 2019 to June 2022. Patients were categorized into two groups and compared based on C2-7 angle (C2-7 ≥ 5° as kyphosis group, C2-7 < 5° as lordosis group). Pearson correlation or Spearman correlation was used to analyze the relationship between C2S and conventional radiological parameters and health -related quality-of-life (HRQOL) outcomes as measured by the EuroQol 5 dimension questionnaire (EQ5D), NRS, and the neck disability index (NDI). The cutoff value of C2S was determined by a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

Results
There were 127 patients who met inclusion criteria (79 men and 48 women). Average 56.00 ± 10.27 years old (range 31–81 years old). C2S of kyphosis group is higher than non-kyphosis group. Aggravating cervical kyphosis increases cSVA positively. For all patients, C2S demonstrated a significant correlation with the O-C2 angle, C2-7 angle, cSVA, and TS-CL (p < 0.05). NRS, NDI and EQ5D-VAS scores revealed a significant correlation with C2S and cSVA (p < 0.01). For the subgroup of patients presenting with DCK, ROC curves demonstrated the cutoff values of C2S as 26.3°, and 30.5°, according to a cSVA of 40 mm, and severe disability expressed by NDI, respectively.

Conclusion
On the basis of retaining the consistency of cranio-cervical and cervico-thoracic structure, C2S can better analyze the sagittal alignment of DCK patients than TS-CL and has good practicability in clinical application and HRQOL evaluation.