bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of AgInS2-ZnS quantum dot/TiO2 nanocomposites as efficient photocatalysts for methylene blue degradation
Authors: Lushaba Nomfundo Ruth , Parani Sundararajan , Maluleke Rodney , Mbaz Gracia It Mwad , Oluwafemi Oluwatobi Samuel 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Photocatalytic degradation has been demonstrated to be an efficient and eco-friendly method for the removal of dye pollutants. Herein, we report the synergetic effect of glutathione (GSH)-capped AgInS2-ZnS (AIS-ZnS) core–shell quantum dots (QDs) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) as a novel nanocomposite for the efficient photocatalytic treatment of methylene blue (MB). The AIS-ZnS core–shell QDs and the corresponding QD/TiO2 nanocomposites were synthesized directly in an aqueous medium followed by annealing. The optical properties of the AIS-ZnS core–shell QDs showed strong yellow photoluminescence, which decreased gradually with the addition of TiO2. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the GSH capping on the QDs and nanocomposites. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy revealed the nanocrystalline nature and shape of the as-synthesized materials and showed the integration of the QDs (3.9 nm) on the TiO2 particles after annealing. These materials were then investigated as a photocatalyst for MB degradation using visible light irradiation. The effect of TiO2 content in the catalyst, calcination, photoirradiation period, catalyst dose, and initial MB concentration on photodegradation of MB was studied. The results indicated that the AIS-ZnS QD/TiO2 nanocomposite exhibited better photodegradation performance compared to AIS-ZnS QDs and TiO2. The increasing TiO2 concentration in the nanocomposite also enhanced MB degradation efficiency (up to 99%). The kinetics of MB degradation follows a pseudo-first-order process. The prepared AIS-ZnS QD/TiO2 nanocomposite would serve as an effective and eco-friendly photocatalyst for MB degradation.
Reinforcing critical links for robust network logistics: A centrality measure for substitutability
Authors: Ezaki Takahiro , Imura Naoto , Nishinari Katsuhiro 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Logistics networks are becoming more complex and interconnected. Guaranteeing the performance of the entire system when a part of the network is disrupted (e.g. due to excessive demands and extreme weather conditions) is one of the important issues. However, how much transportation resources should be allocated to which part of the network while maintaining efficiency is an open question. In this paper, we propose a novel metric, the substitutability centrality, which quantifies how much each transport link in the network contributes to the robustness of the system against disruptions. This metric is compelling in the following aspects: (1) it is intuitively interpretable; (2) it does not require simulation or optimization calculations; and (3) it takes into account changes in transportation routes of delivery due to disruptions. Furthermore, as a proof of concept, we demonstrate a simple case study, in which capacity allocation based on the proposed metric can maintain high performance of the system against various types of disruptions. We also found that this approach might not be effective for further increasing the robustness of networks that have many bypass routes.
SWEET: a single-sample network inference method for deciphering individual features in disease
Authors: Chen Hsin-Hua , Hsueh Chun-Wei , Lee Chia-Hwa , Hao Ting-Yi , Tu Tzu-Ying , Chang Lan-Yun , Lee Jih-Chin , Lin Chun-Yu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRecently, extracting inherent biological system information (e.g. cellular networks) from genome-wide expression profiles for developing personalized diagnostic and therapeutic strategies has become increasingly important. However, accurately constructing single-sample networks (SINs) to capture individual characteristics and heterogeneity in disease remains challenging. Here, we propose a sample-specific-weighted correlation network (SWEET) method to model SINs by integrating the genome-wide sample-to-sample correlation (i.e. sample weights) with the differential network between perturbed and aggregate networks. For a group of samples, the genome-wide sample weights can be assessed without prior knowledge of intrinsic subpopulations to address the network edge number bias caused by sample size differences. Compared with the state-of-the-art SIN inference methods, the SWEET SINs in 16 cancers more likely fit the scale-free property, display higher overlap with the human interactomes and perform better in identifying three types of cancer-related genes. Moreover, integrating SWEET SINs with a network proximity measure facilitates characterizing individual features and therapy in diseases, such as somatic mutation, mut-driver and essential genes. Biological experiments further validated two candidate repurposable drugs, albendazole for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and encorafenib for HNSCC. By applying SWEET, we also identified two possible LUAD subtypes that exhibit distinct clinical features and molecular mechanisms. Overall, the SWEET method complements current SIN inference and analysis methods and presents a view of biological systems at the network level to offer numerous clues for further investigation and clinical translation in network medicine and precision medicine.
Autophagy in the pathogenesis and therapeutic potential of post-traumatic osteoarthritis
Authors: Gong Yunquan , Li Song , Wu Jinghui , Zhang Tongyi , Fang Shunzheng , Feng Daibo , Luo Xiaoqing , Yuan Jing , Wu Yaran , Yan Xiaojing , Zhang Yan , Zhu Jun , Wu Jiangyi , Lian Jiqin , Xiang Wei , Ni Zhenhong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Autophagy, as a fundamental mechanism for cellular homeostasis, is generally involved in the occurrence and progression of various diseases. Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common musculoskeletal disease that often leads to pain, disability and economic loss in patients. Post-traumatic OA (PTOA) is a subtype of OA, accounting for &gt;12% of the overall burden of OA. PTOA is often caused by joint injuries including anterior cruciate ligament rupture, meniscus tear and intra-articular fracture. Although a variety of methods have been developed to treat acute joint injury, the current measures have limited success in effectively reducing the incidence and delaying the progression of PTOA. Therefore, the pathogenesis and intervention strategy of PTOA need further study. In the past decade, the roles and mechanisms of autophagy in PTOA have aroused great interest in the field. It was revealed that autophagy could maintain the homeostasis of chondrocytes, reduce joint inflammatory level, prevent chondrocyte death and matrix degradation, which accordingly improved joint symptoms and delayed the progression of PTOA. Moreover, many strategies that target PTOA have been revealed to promote autophagy. In this review, we summarize the roles and mechanisms of autophagy in PTOA and the current strategies for PTOA treatment that depend on autophagy regulation, which may be beneficial for PTOA patients in the future.
Structural analysis of water networks
Authors: Benzi Michele , Daidone Isabella , Faccio Chiara , Zanetti-Polzi Laura 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLiquid water, besides being fundamental for life on Earth, has long fascinated scientists due to several anomalies. Different hypotheses have been put forward to explain these peculiarities. The most accredited one foresees the presence in the supercooled region of two phases at different densities: the low-density liquid phase and the high-density liquid phase. In our previous work [Faccio et al. (2022), J. Mol. Liq., 355, 118922], we showed that it is possible to identify these two forms in water networks through a computational approach based on molecular dynamics simulation and on the calculation of the total communicability of the associated graph, in which the nodes correspond to water molecules and the edges represent the connections (interactions) between molecules. In this article, we present a more in-depth investigation of the application of graph-theory based approaches to the analysis of the structure of water networks. In particular, we investigate different connectivity and centrality measures and we report on the use of a variety of global metrics aimed at giving a topological and geometrical characterization of liquid water.
Strain-minimizing hyperbolic network embeddings with landmarks
Authors: Keller-Ressel Martin , Nargang Stephanie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe introduce L-hydra (landmarked hyperbolic distance recovery and approximation), a method for embedding network- or distance-based data into hyperbolic space, which requires only the distance measurements to a few ‘landmark nodes’. This landmark heuristic makes L-hydra applicable to large-scale graphs and improves upon previously introduced methods. As a mathematical justification, we show that a point configuration in $d$-dimensional hyperbolic space can be perfectly recovered (up to isometry) from distance measurements to just $d+1$ landmarks. We also show that L-hydra solves a two-stage strain-minimization problem, similar to our previous (unlandmarked) method ‘hydra’. Testing on real network data, we show that L-hydra is an order of magnitude faster than the existing hyperbolic embedding methods and scales linearly in the number of nodes. While the embedding error of L-hydra is higher than the error of the existing methods, we introduce an extension, L-hydra+, which outperforms the existing methods in both runtime and embedding quality.
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Increases Cardiovascular Risk in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Authors: Kablawi Dana , Aljohani Faisal , Palumbo Chiara Saroli , Restellini Sophie , Bitton Alain , Wild Gary , Afif Waqqas , Lakatos Peter L , Bessissow Talat , Sebastiani Giada 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is strongly associated with cardiovascular disease in the general population. Both conditions seem more frequent in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to assess the effect of NAFLD and liver fibrosis on intermediate–high cardiovascular risk in IBD.MethodsWe prospectively included IBD patients undergoing a routine screening program for NAFLD by transient elastography (TE) with associated controlled attenuation parameter (CAP). NAFLD and significant liver fibrosis were defined as CAP ≥275 dB m−1 and liver stiffness measurement by TE ≥8 kPa, respectively. Cardiovascular risk was assessed with the atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk estimator and categorized as low if &lt;5%, borderline if 5%–7.4%, intermediate if 7.5%–19.9%, and high if ≥20% or if previous cardiovascular event. Predictors of intermediate–high cardiovascular risk were investigated by multivariable logistic regression analysis.ResultsOf 405 patients with IBD included, 278 (68.6%), 23 (5.7%), 47 (11.6%), and 57 (14.1%) were categorized as at low, borderline, intermediate, and high ASCVD risk, respectively. NAFLD and significant liver fibrosis were found in 129 (31.9%) and 35 (8.6%) patients, respectively. After adjusting for disease activity, significant liver fibrosis and body mass index, predictors of intermediate–high ASCVD risk were NAFLD (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.97, 95% CI, 1.56–5.68), IBD duration (aOR 1.55 per 10 years, 95% CI, 1.22–1.97), and ulcerative colitis (aOR 2.32, 95% CI, 1.35–3.98).ConclusionsAssessment of cardiovascular risk should be targeted in IBD patients with NAFLD, particularly if they have longer IBD duration and ulcerative colitis.
A test of the species confidence hypothesis in dusky damselfish
Authors: Overs Elle , Stump Sydney , Severino Isabel , Blumstein Daniel T 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Visual cues are important in both interspecific and intraspecific communication. The species confidence hypothesis proposes that animals are more attracted to conspecific colors and repelled by colors, not on their bodies. Studies on terrestrial lizards and birds have tested the species confidence hypothesis and shown that conspecific colors elicit reduced antipredator behavior. To date, the species confidence hypothesis has not been tested in the marine environment, specifically on coral reefs where color communication is of vital importance. We addressed this knowledge gap by measuring flight initiation distance (the distance an individual moves away from an approaching threat) in dusky damselfish (Stegastes nigricans) in response to an approaching disc of 1 of 4 different color treatments: conspecific, blue, yellow, and black. If the species confidence hypothesis explained variation in damselfish flight initiation distance, then we expected individuals to tolerate closer approaches when approached by a conspecific color. In addition, we calculated the color difference between each stimulus and its corresponding background as a potential alternative explanation for flight responses. Damselfish tolerated the closest approach from the conspecific color stimulus; there were no significant differences between other colors and there was no support for the alternative color difference hypothesis. As with similar terrestrial studies, these results are relevant to ecotourists’ choice of swimsuit and wetsuit colors because color choice may modify natural antipredator behavior.
The year 2021 in the European Heart Journal: Cardiovascular Imaging Part II
Authors: Cosyns Bernard , Sade Leyla Elif , Gerber Bernhard L , Gimelli Alessia , Muraru Denisa , Maurer Gerald , Edvardsen Thor 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe European Heart Journal—Cardiovascular Imaging was launched in 2012 and has during these years become one of the leading multimodality cardiovascular imaging journals. The journal is currently ranked as Number 19 among all cardiovascular journals. It has an impressive impact factor of 9.130. The most important studies published in our Journal from 2021 will be highlighted in two reports. Part II will focus on valvular heart disease, heart failure, cardiomyopathies, and congenital heart disease, while Part I of the review has focused on studies about myocardial function and risk prediction, myocardial ischaemia, and emerging techniques in cardiovascular imaging.
Role of temperature fluctuations and shocks during refrigeration on pork and salmon quality
Authors: Cui Haoxin , Karim Naymul , Jiang Feng , Hu Haimei , Chen Wei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRefrigeration is considered a prime technology for preserving meat products. Temperature alterations are commonly ignored by industry during refrigeration, which have impacts on product quality. Thus, we conducted research on pork loin and salmon fillets that were preserved for 0, 5, 9, 12, and 15 d, where different temperature fluctuations and shocks were established on 4 °C. Data revealed that several meat parameters such as total volatile basic nitrogen, total viable count, and lipid oxidation were significantly changed in the ±2 °C fluctuations group compared with the constant temperature group. Additionally, both the temperature fluctuations and shocks groups had accelerated myofibril protein degradation, while desmin expression and species richness/diversity of bacteria were significantly reduced in the ±2 °C fluctuations group compared with the constant temperature group. Briefly, temperature fluctuations and shocks accelerated the destruction of muscle structural integrity. Furthermore, both conditions accelerated meat spoilage by progressively expanding the water-loss channels, which can reduce meat edibility. This study provides a new theoretical basis for the proper use of refrigerated temperatures for storing meat products.
Isolation by distance in populations with power-law dispersal
Authors: Smith Tyler B , Weissman Daniel B 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Limited dispersal of individuals between generations results in isolation by distance, in which individuals further apart in space tend to be less related. Classic models of isolation by distance assume that dispersal distances are drawn from a thin-tailed distribution and predict that the proportion of the genome that is identical by descent between a pair of individuals should decrease exponentially with the spatial separation between them. However, in many natural populations, individuals occasionally disperse over very long distances. In this work, we use mathematical analysis and coalescent simulations to study the effect of long-range (power-law) dispersal on patterns of isolation by distance. We find that it leads to power-law decay of identity-by-descent at large distances with the same exponent as dispersal. We also find that broad power-law dispersal produces another, shallow power-law decay of identity-by-descent at short distances. These results suggest that the distribution of long-range dispersal events could be estimated from sequencing large population samples taken from a wide range of spatial scales.
Highly Dynamic Gene Family Evolution Suggests Changing Roles forPONGenes Within Metazoa
Authors: Lucas Sarah A M , Graham Allie M , Presnell Jason S , Clark Nathan L 
Published: January 2023

AbstractChange in gene family size has been shown to facilitate adaptation to different selective pressures. This includes gene duplication to increase dosage or diversification of enzymatic substrates and gene deletion due to relaxed selection. We recently found that the PON1 gene, an enzyme with arylesterase and lactonase activity, was lost repeatedly in different aquatic mammalian lineages, suggesting that the PON gene family is responsive to environmental change. We further investigated if these fluctuations in gene family size were restricted to mammals and approximately when this gene family was expanded within mammals. Using 112 metazoan protein models, we explored the evolutionary history of the PON family to characterize the dynamic evolution of this gene family. We found that there have been multiple, independent expansion events in tardigrades, cephalochordates, and echinoderms. In addition, there have been partial gene loss events in monotremes and sea cucumbers and what appears to be complete loss in arthropods, urochordates, platyhelminths, ctenophores, and placozoans. In addition, we show the mammalian expansion to three PON paralogs occurred in the ancestor of all mammals after the divergence of sauropsida but before the divergence of monotremes from therians. We also provide evidence of a novel PON expansion within the brushtail possum. In the face of repeated expansions and deletions in the context of changing environments, we suggest a range of selective pressures, including pathogen infection and mitigation of oxidative damage, are likely influencing the diversification of this dynamic gene family across metazoa.
Age, Resources, and Emotion Regulation Need in Daily-Life Emotional Contexts
Authors: Growney Claire M , Springstein Tabea , English Tammy 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The Strengths and Vulnerabilities Integration model (Charles, 2010) suggests older adults experience difficulty regulating emotions with high-arousal negative stimuli due to decreases in resources. We investigate relationships among age, physical and cognitive resources, emotional experience, and perceived emotion regulation (ER) needs.

Methods
Participants aged 25–85 (N = 290) completed assessments of cognitive ability and physical health. In an experience sampling procedure (6x per day for 10 days), participants reported their momentary emotion experience and perceived need to regulate their emotions.

Results
Regardless of arousal level, negative emotion was associated with higher ER need and positive emotion was associated with lower ER need. This pro-hedonic orientation was stronger among older adults and individuals with more cognitive resources. In contrast to predictions, older adults in poor physical health who experience high levels of high-arousal negative emotion on average reported lower ER need compared with younger adults in poor physical health. However, older adults with lower cognitive resources who experience high levels of high-arousal negative emotion on average reported higher ER need.

Discussion
Findings suggest that younger age and lower levels of cognitive ability are linked to less perceived need to regulate negative emotional states. Physical vulnerabilities also may dampen the perceived need for regulating high-arousal negative emotions, but only among older adults. Age-related shifts in resources and emotional goals may influence the likelihood that individuals are motivated to engage in ER, as well as the effectiveness of those efforts.
Evaluation of Microbiological Concordance of a Rapid Molecular Diagnostic Pneumonia Panel in a Real-World Population with Pneumonia
Authors: Larry Rachel C , Hoff Brian M , Bertram Christie M 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe Biofire® FilmArray® Pneumonia Panel (PN Panel) provides a more rapid and sensitive method of respiratory pathogen detection than standard culture. However, it is often unclear how to apply the results clinically, especially in the case of discordant culture results. We evaluated the concordance of bacterial organism and resistance gene identification between the PN Panel and standard culture methods in hospitalized patients with a clinical diagnosis of pneumonia.MethodsThis single-center retrospective observational study of 274 inpatients assessed the positive predictive value (PPV) and described the prevalence of individual bacterial organism and resistance marker targets on the PN Panel.ResultsThe overall PPV of the PN Panel in identifying bacteria was 70.1%, with individual organism PPV ranging from 50.0% to 90.9%. For resistance gene identification, the PN Panel’s PPV ranged from 46.2% for CTX-M to 68.4% for mecA/C and the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec element right extremity junction (MREJ), although resistance was uncommon. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common bacterial pathogen detected by the PN Panel (38.7%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22.3%), and Haemophilus influenzae (12.0%).ConclusionsThe PN Panel detected more bacteria and resistance gene targets than standard culture methods. To optimize the use of this technology for both patient care and antimicrobial stewardship, results should be coupled with clinical assessment and clinician education.
Desirable traits for a good biocontrol agent against fire blight disease
Authors: Abdallah Dorra Ben , Frikha Yosra , Triki Mohamed Ali , Tounsi Slim , Frikha-Gargouri Olfa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to improve the screening strategy for the selection of biocontrol agents with high biocontrol efficacy against fire blight disease.Methods and ResultsA two-step screening procedure consisting of in-vitro laboratory tests and an ex-vivo test system using detached pear leaves was applied to 43 Bacillus strains originated from the rhizosphere and the aerial parts of apple and pear plants. The grouping of the studied strains and the tested traits based on the principal component analysis and the two-way hierarchical cluster analysis showed that siderophore production and biofilm formation are the most desirable traits in a Bacillus biocontrol agent to control fire blight disease and that rhizospheric originating strains are the most effective.ConclusionsIn contrast to the previous screening strategies that are often insufficient to select the most suitable microorganisms, this study reported an improved strategy based on the microbial competition traits to select potential Bacillus biocontrol agents with high biocontrol efficacy against fire blight disease.