bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2D approach to reconstruct the evolutionary history of clevelandellids (Ciliophora, Armophorea) inhabiting the hindgut of the Panesthiinae cockroaches
Authors: Pecina Lukáš , Vďačný Peter 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe ciliate order Clevelandellida unites endosymbionts of the digestive tract of a variety of invertebrates and vertebrates. In the present study, the primary and secondary structures of nuclear and hydrogenosomal rRNA molecules were employed to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships and to estimate the divergence times of clevelandellids inhabiting the hindgut of the Panesthiinae cockroaches. The secondary structure information was incorporated in phylogenetic analyses using two different strategies, viz., indirectly through 2D‐guided alignments and directly through so‐called pseudo‐protein data. Nuclear and hydrogenosomal markers carried a consistent phylogenetic signal and robustly supported the monophyletic origin of the family Clevelandellidae as well as of its four genera. According to Bayesian relaxed molecular clock analyses, the last common ancestor (LCA) of the family Clevelandellidae very likely emerged during the Late Cretaceous in the Oriental region. Its descendants most likely expanded to Australia in concert with the Neogene colonization and radiation of their host Panesthiinae cockroaches. Taking into account the time‐calibrated phylogenies and the fact that early branching members of the order Clevelandellida inhabit the digestive tracts of amphibians, it is tempting to speculate that the LCA of the Clevelandellida evolved in ectothermic vertebrates. Amphibians could have brought clevelandellids to the land, where they may have been transmitted to the cockroach digestive tract upon feeding on amphibian faeces.
Exploring the definition and methodology of “best practice” in the health care literature: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Fauci Alice Josephine , D’Angelo Daniela , Coclite Daniela , Napoletano Antonello , Gianola Silvia , Ferrara Carla , Di Nitto Marco , Gensini Gianfranco 
Published: July 2023

Objective:
This review will map and define the terminology used in the literature for “best practice” as well as its underpinning framework/methodology.

Introduction:
Numerous international organizations and institutions have sought to develop models or frameworks to guide health care providers to integrate the best evidence into clinical practice. However, different concepts related to best practice have been used, both in the biomedical literature and by public institutions, leading to a lack of consistency in definitions of the term. This poses a potential difficulty for clinical professionals in applying evidence effectively to achieve desired patient outcomes.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will adopt the following inclusion criteria: (i) the study must contain a definition of the term “best practice” or its related concepts; (ii) the concept of best practice must refer to clinical activities and not have organizational features; and (iii) any study design can be included. Studies will be excluded if they describe a definition of best practice that is not directly related to clinical practice (eg, business).

Methods:
The review will follow the JBI methodology for scoping reviews. An initial search of MEDLINE identified keywords and MeSH terms. Then, MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), and Google Scholar will be searched from 2001 until the present, the year in which the first definition of best practice appeared in the literature. Four pairs of reviewers will independently select studies and perform data extraction and data synthesis. Data will be presented in figures or tables, accompanied by a narrative summary. Searches will be limited to articles in English, Italian, German, French, and Spanish.

Review registration number:
OSF: https://osf.io/52vxe/
Enabling Insights by Long-Term Evaluation of Social Impact Indicators of Engineered Products for Global Development Using In Situ Sensors and Deep Learning
Authors: Stringham Bryan J. , Mattson Christopher A. , Jenkins Porter , Dahlin Eric , Okware Immaculate Irot 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Remotely measuring social impact indicators of products in developing countries can enable researchers and practitioners to make informed decisions relative to the design of products, improvement of products, or social interventions that can help improve the lives of individuals. Collecting data for determining social impact indicators for long-term periods through manual methods can be cost prohibitive and preclude collection of data that could provide valuable insights. Using in situ sensors remotely deployed and paired with deep learning can enable practitioners to collect long-term data that provide insights that can be as beneficial as data collected through manual observation but with the cost and continuity made possible by sensor devices. Postulates related to successfully developing and deploying this approach have been identified and their usefulness demonstrated through an example application related to a water hand pump in Uganda in which sensor data were collected over a five-month span. Following these postulates can help researchers and practitioners avoid potential issues that could be encountered without them.
N-Gonal Multilayer Symmetric Revolute Linkage Deployed From Bundle to Surface of Revolution
Authors: Watada Ryo , Ohsaki Makoto 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Deployable structures composed of hinge joints (revolute joints) with inclined axis have a potential to realize a rich variety of deformation with a small number of members, which enables it to be lightweight with low risk of failure. In this article, a systematic method is proposed to obtain new hinge-jointed structures that have N-dihedral symmetry and can be folded into a straightly bundled shape. The proposed structure, which we call N-gonal multilayer symmetric revolute linkage (N-MLSRL), is composed of some layers. Each layer is an assemblage of 2N bars and 2N inclined hinges, which can be deformed from a regular 2N-gonal frame into an entirely straight rod shape, which is a generalization of a 4-bar Bennett linkage. For the case N is less than or equal to 3, the N-MLSRL has a single degree-of-freedom. For an application to design of deployable structures, a method is introduced to generate the structure expanded to a predefined target surface of revolution. For designing the realistic detail considering the finite sizes of the joints, a technique called hinge offsets is used. The proposed method is applied to a horn-shaped structure, a ball-shaped structure, and a dome-shaped structure as its numerical examples. The validity of the proposed method is confirmed by a physical model of a dome-shaped structure including hinge offsets.
An Evenly Partition Approach to the Modeling and Constraint-Following Control for the Spatial Cooperative Dual-Robot-System
Authors: Dong Fangfang , Yu Bin , Zhao Xiaomin , Chen Shan , Liu Haijun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Due to the breadth and complexity of spatial motion, and the nonlinear coupling caused by multiple degree-of-freedom, the control difficulties of spatial cooperative multirobot system are two mainly aspects, the modeling method and the dispose of uncertainty. For modeling, the process of directly using ordinary methods such as Lagrange mechanics are very complex. For control, the external disturbances and imperceptible errors will lead to the instability of dynamic system, these factors are collectively referred to as uncertainty. In this paper, a universal modeling method based on spatial cooperative multirobot system was proposed, and an adaptive robust controller was designed to solve the control problems. Simplify the connection link into a load and divide the system into two symmetrical subsystems by disconnecting the load center. The inherent physical position and given trajectories were unified as constraints. The constraints applied on system are creatively converted into consistent standard form through the Udwadia–Kalaba (U–K) method, and the corresponding constraints can be generated easily from the Udwadia–Kalaba basic equations. In addition, a nominal term to stable the system and an adaptive term was added to the controller. The adaptive term works through an adaptive parameter, the parameter estimates the uncertainty bound, thus, only the boundedness of uncertainty should be known, and more accurate control input can be gained. Eventually, the correctness of the model and controller has been confirmed through numerical simulation.
Tesserae: Surface differences across Venus’s “continents”
Authors: Whitten J.L. , Campbell B.A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The heavily deformed upland tesserae are some of the most ancient geologic units on Venus and, as such, record the longest history of surface evolution. Our geologic understanding of these landforms is based largely on radar images from the Magellan mission, in which gross morphology and small-scale properties can be difficult to deconvolve. Here we use Magellan radar backscatter data for ridge slope surfaces in 22 highland areas to understand whether the tesserae can be subdivided in ways that differentiate surface property variations. Significant variations occur in the mean backscatter of ridge slopes, and we divide the tesserae into two groups with echoes lower (n = 15) or higher (n = 7) than an average tessera radar scattering behavior. While both few-kilometers-scale slopes and centimeter-scale roughness can modulate the radar returns, at least seven out of 15 tesserae with lower echoes are correlated with fine-grained impact crater ejecta deposits that smooth the surface. We propose that distal ejecta deposition plays a major role in creating the observed range of tessera radar properties and obscuring aspects of their original formation and in situ weathering. Our twofold classification system provides a new way of assessing the physical characteristics of tesserae from the Magellan data. Upcoming missions must consider both their original morphology and post-emplacement processes if we are to unlock the geologic record preserved in tesserae.
Field calibration of 40Ar/39Ar K-feldspar multiple diffusion domain (MDD) thermal histories at the Grayback normal fault block, Arizona, USA
Authors: Wong Martin S. , Gans Phillip B. , Roesler Damian 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Numerous studies suggest that 40Ar/39Ar K-feldspar analyses record continuous thermal histories from ~300 °C to 150 °C due to the presence of multiple diffusion domains (MDDs). Such continuous thermal histories can provide significant advantages over thermochronometers that only record cooling through a single closure temperature. However, some studies have questioned the reliability of 40Ar/39Ar K-feldspar MDD models. This study tested whether MDD modeling produces accurate thermal histories that are calibrated to other thermochronometers. MDD models of samples from the Grayback fault block, Arizona, USA, which has a well-known thermal history and structure, and has accurately reproduced the expected thermal evolution, including the inception, rate, and magnitude of rapid cooling produced by tectonic exhumation. Absolute temperatures of the models also matched well with the known pre-extensional thermal structure of the block. These new data provide strong confirmation that MDD K-feldspar models can provide geologically meaningful and accurate continuous thermal histories.
Heavy metals in ENDS: a comparison of open versus closed systems purchased from the USA, England, Canada and Australia
Authors: Block Ashleigh C , Schneller Liane M , Leigh Noel J , Heo Jinseok , Goniewicz Maciej L , O'Connor Richard J 
Published: July 2023

Introduction
Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) are known to contain heavy metals such as lead (Pb), nickel (Ni) and chromium (Cr). The presence of heavy metals in ENDS may be due to contamination of e-liquids or leaching from elements of the ENDS device. This study investigates differences in ENDS metal concentrations between product type, year of purchase, country of purchase and e-liquid flavour.

Methods
Various open-system (refill e-liquids; n=116) and closed-system (prefilled with e-liquid; n=120) products were purchased in 2017 and 2018 from the USA, England, Canada and Australia. Electrothermal atomic absorption spectroscopy was used to analyse each product for Pb, Ni and Cr. Multiple linear regression and Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric statistical tests were conducted using GraphPad.

Results
Linear regression showed system type, year of purchase (not supported by Kruskal-Wallis), country of purchase and flavour type each had significant impacts on heavy metal concentrations. Open-system e-liquid samples showed no quantifiable levels of heavy metals. Closed-system samples contained concerningly high concentrations of Pb, Ni and Cr. Closed-system samples from the USA commonly displayed higher average heavy metal concentrations than those from England. Some fruit and mint-flavoured closed-system products showed higher heavy metal concentrations than tobacco-flavoured products.

Conclusion
The presence of heavy metals only in closed-system products suggests that metals may be leaching from ENDS device parts. Highly variable heavy metal concentrations between ENDS products demonstrate that various product characteristics may affect the degree of leaching and that there is a need for further regulation of these products.
The unpolarized TMD valence quark distributions of light mesons in the statistical covariant parton model approach
Authors: Abolhadi P. , Yazdanpanah M. M. , Nematollahi H. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe investigate the unpolarized transverse momentum dependent (TMD) structure of light mesons at low $$Q^2$$

Q
2

scales in nonperturbative region of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). To this end, we calculate the unpolarized TMD valence quark distribution functions of pion and kaon based on the covariant parton model in which the flavour dependent covariant momentum distribution of quarks is needed. We apply the statistical model for this momentum distribution, for the first time, and also consider the quarks to be massive. The results of TMD valence distributions of light mesons show convenient general properties. We also obtain the integrated valence quark distributions of pion and kaon and compare our results with those of other models.
Patterns of Evidence-Based Care for the Diagnosis, Staging, and First-line Treatment of Breast Cancer by Race–Ethnicity: A SEER-Medicare Study
Authors: Herbach Emma L. , Nash Sarah H. , Lizarraga Ingrid M. , Carnahan Ryan M. , Wang Kai , Ogilvie Amy C. , Curran Michaela , Charlton Mary E. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background:
Racial and ethnic disparities in guideline-recommended breast cancer treatment are well documented, however studies including diagnostic and staging procedures necessary to determine treatment indications are lacking. The purpose of this study was to characterize patterns in delivery of evidence-based services for the diagnosis, clinical workup, and first-line treatment of breast cancer by race–ethnicity.

Methods:
SEER-Medicare data were used to identify women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer between 2000 and 2017 at age 66 or older (n = 2,15,605). Evidence-based services included diagnostic procedures (diagnostic mammography and breast biopsy), clinical workup (stage and grade determination, lymph node biopsy, and HR and HER2 status determination), and treatment initiation (surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and HER2-targeted therapy). Poisson regression was used to estimate rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for each service.

Results:
Black and American Indian/Alaska Native (AIAN) women had significantly lower rates of evidence-based care across the continuum from diagnostics through first-line treatment compared to non-Hispanic White (NHW) women. AIAN women had the lowest rates of HER2-targeted therapy and hormone therapy initiation. While Black women also had lower initiation of HER2-targeted therapy than NHW, differences in hormone therapy were not observed.

Conclusions:
Our findings suggest patterns along the continuum of care from diagnostic procedures to treatment initiation may differ across race–ethnicity groups.

Impact:
Efforts to improve delivery of guideline-concordant treatment and mitigate racial–ethnic disparities in healthcare and survival should include procedures performed as part of the diagnosis, clinical workup, and staging processes.
Circulating Tumor DNA to Drive Treatment in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Patelli Giorgio , Mauri Gianluca , Tosi Federica , Amatu Alessio , Bencardino Katia , Bonazzina Erica , Pizzutilo Elio Gregory , Villa Federica , Calvanese Gabriele , Agostara Alberto Giuseppe , Stabile Stefano , Ghezzi Silvia , Crisafulli Giovanni , Di Nicolantonio Federica , Marsoni Silvia , Bardelli Alberto , Siena Salvatore , Sartore-Bianchi Andrea 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn the evolving molecular treatment landscape of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), the identification of druggable alterations is pivotal to achieve the best therapeutic opportunity for each patient. Because the number of actionable targets is expanding, there is the need to timely detect their presence or emergence to guide the choice of different available treatment options. Liquid biopsy, through the analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), has proven safe and effective as a complementary method to address cancer evolution while overcoming the limitations of tissue biopsy. Even though data are accumulating regarding the potential for ctDNA-guided treatments applied to targeted agents, still major gaps in knowledge exist as for their application to different areas of the continuum of care. In this review, we recapitulate how ctDNA information could be exploited to drive different targeted treatment strategies in mCRC patients, by refining molecular selection before treatment by addressing tumor heterogeneity beyond tumor tissue biopsy; longitudinally monitoring early-tumor response and resistance mechanisms to targeted agents, potentially leading to tailored, molecular-driven, therapeutic options; guiding the molecular triage towards rechallenge strategies with anti-EGFR agents, suggesting the best time for retreatment; and providing opportunities for an “enhanced rechallenge” through additional treatments or combos aimed at overcoming acquired resistance. Besides, we discuss future perspectives concerning the potential role of ctDNA to fine-tune investigational strategies such as immuno-oncology.
A Phase Ib Trial of AVID200, a TGFβ 1/3 Trap, in Patients with Myelofibrosis
Authors: Mascarenhas John , Migliaccio Anna Rita , Kosiorek Heidi , Bhave Rupali , Palmer Jeanne , Kuykendall Andrew , Mesa Ruben , Rampal Raajit K. , Gerds Aaron T. , Yacoub Abdulraheem , Pettit Kristen , Talpaz Moshe , Komrokji Rami , Kremyanskaya Marina , Gonzalez Agapito , Fabris Frank , Johnson Kathryn , Dougherty Mikaela , McGovern Erin , Arango Ossa Juan , Domenico Dylan , Farnoud Noushin , Weinberg Rona Singer , Kong Amy , Najfeld Vesna , Vannucchi Alessandro Maria , Arciprete Francesca , Zingariello Maria , Falchi Mario , Salama Mohamed E. , Mead-Harvey Carolyn , Dueck Amylou , Varricchio Lilian , Hoffman Ronald 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
Myelofibrosis (MF) is a clonal myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by systemic symptoms, cytopenias, organomegaly, and bone marrow fibrosis. JAK2 inhibitors afford symptom and spleen burden reduction but do not alter the disease course and frequently lead to thrombocytopenia. TGFβ, a pleiotropic cytokine elaborated by the MF clone, negatively regulates normal hematopoiesis, downregulates antitumor immunity, and promotes bone marrow fibrosis. Our group previously showed that AVID200, a potent and selective TGFβ 1/3 trap, reduced TGFβ1-induced proliferation of human mesenchymal stromal cells, phosphorylation of SMAD2, and collagen expression. Moreover, treatment of MF mononuclear cells with AVID200 led to increased numbers of progenitor cells (PC) with wild-type JAK2 rather than JAK2V617F.

Patients and Methods:
We conducted an investigator-initiated, multicenter, phase Ib trial of AVID200 monotherapy in 21 patients with advanced MF.

Results:
No dose-limiting toxicity was identified at the three dose levels tested, and grade 3/4 anemia and thrombocytopenia occurred in 28.6% and 19.0% of treated patients, respectively. After six cycles of therapy, two patients attained a clinical benefit by IWG-MRT criteria. Spleen and symptom benefits were observed across treatment cycles. Unlike other MF-directed therapies, increases in platelet counts were noted in 81% of treated patients with three patients achieving normalization. Treatment with AVID200 resulted in potent suppression of plasma TGFβ1 levels and pSMAD2 in MF cells.

Conclusions:
AVID200 is a well-tolerated, rational, therapeutic agent for the treatment of patients with MF and should be evaluated further in patients with thrombocytopenic MF in combination with agents that target aberrant MF intracellular signaling pathways.
Data from Simultaneous Targeting of DNA Polymerase Theta and PARP1 or RAD52 Triggers Dual Synthetic Lethality in Homologous Recombination–Deficient Leukemia Cells
Authors: Sullivan-Reed Katherine , Toma Monika M. , Drzewiecka Malgorzata , Nieborowska-Skorska Margaret , Nejati Reza , Karami Adam , Wasik Mariusz A. , Sliwinski Tomasz , Skorski Tomasz 
Published: July 2023

<div>Abstract<p>DNA polymerase theta (Polθ, encoded by <i>POLQ</i> gene) plays an essential role in Polθ-mediated end-joining (TMEJ) of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB). Inhibition of Polθ is synthetic lethal in homologous recombination (HR)-deficient tumor cells. However, DSBs can be also repaired by PARP1 and RAD52-mediated mechanisms. Because leukemia cells accumulate spontaneous DSBs, we tested if simultaneous targeting of Polθ and PARP1 or RAD52 enhance the synthetic lethal effect in HR-deficient leukemia cells. Transformation potential of the oncogenes inducing BRCA1/2-deficiency (BCR-ABL1 and AML1-ETO) was severely limited in <i>Polq<sup>−/−</sup>;Parp1<sup>−/−</sup></i> and <i>Polq<sup>−/−</sup>;Rad52<sup>−/−</sup></i> cells when compared with single knockouts, which was associated with accumulation of DSBs. Small-molecule inhibitor of Polθ (Polθi) when combined with PARP or RAD52 inhibitors (PARPi, RAD52i) caused accumulation of DSBs and exerted increased effect against HR-deficient leukemia and myeloproliferative neoplasm cells.</p>Implications:<p>In conclusion, we show that PARPi or RAD52i might improve therapeutic effect of Polθi against HR-deficient leukemias.</p></div>