bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cambrian cephalopods
Authors: Flower Rousseau H. 
Published: March 2023

The description and classification of new material from the Upper Cambrian of the Llano uplift in Texas has provided the basis for a review of the whole problem of the oldest cephalopods. In the light of these discoveries it is possible to evaluate more critically the Cambrian fossils that have formerly been assigned to the cephalopods. These fossils may be grouped as follows:The new genus and species Palaeoceras mutabile exhibits siphuncular bulbs, previously reported only in material from eastern Asia. From this new evidence, the bulbs are accepted as a feature of the family Plectronoceratidae, which is redefined accordingly. The other genera, Plectronoceras of the Cambrian and Multicameroceras and Sinoeremoceras of the early Ordovician, are briefly reviewed.Data concerning three Cambrian genera which are certainly cephalopods, but whose extant descriptions and illustrations are insufficient to determine their precise morphology and taxonomic position, are analyzed in detail. Shantungendoceras, which has been reviewed elsewhere, is probably Ordovician and not Cambrian in age. Angaroceras is regarded as a synonym of Ruthenoceras. What can be learned concerning the genera in this group is sufficient to determine that they may belong either to the Ellesmeroceratidae or Plectronoceratidae, but could not be members of any more advanced families.New material of Shelbyoceras shows clear septa, but no siphuncle, and an aperture with a sinus on the convex side. If a siphuncle is present, it is tiny and close to the same side. Either Shelbyoceras is an exogastric cephalopod without close relatives, or it is a septate shell without a siphuncle, and therefore not a cephalopod. The second interpretation is regarded as probably the correct one.Some Cambrian shells formerly assigned to the cephalopods have proved to be aseptate. One such form is described as Kygmaeoceras perplexum. Such fossils, which include the Hyolithidae and Tentaculitidae, are of uncertain position, because the shell offers no good evidence of the nature of the animal of which it was once a part.A stratigraphic survey shows that as cephalopods are traced from the Chazyan to older strata, the uniformity of form and structure increases. It is evident that a general structural pattern, based upon the combined features of the oldest families, the Ellesmeroceratidae, and Plectronoceratidae, can be accepted as archaic. Within this general pattern it is possible to select more specific features as reasonable primitive ones. The siphuncular bulbs of the Plectronoceratidae are regarded as truly archaic cephalopod features.In the light of this summary, it is evident that the cephalopods converge in the lower Canadian and Upper Cambrian to a reasonable uniform structural pattern. This pattern is so remote from that of the Lower Cambrian genera Volborthella and Salterella, that it is quite evident that these tiny shells have no close relationship with the oldest fossils which can be called cephalopods with certainty. They well may be included with the invertebrates of uncertain position.
Le numérique, la lecture et l’analyse de textes philosophiques
Authors: Meunier Jean-Guy 
Published: March 2023

L’ordinateur est introduit dans toutes les sciences. La philosophie n’y échappe pas. On voit naître de nouvelles pratiques philosophiques : philosophie de l’ordinateur, philosophie computationnelle, expérimentale, numérique, etc. Quelle relation peut-il exister entre deux pratiques épistémiques aussi différentes que celle de la philosophie et celle de l’informatique ?
La philosophie contemporaine des sciences invite à voir cette situation sous l’angle de la construction de modélisations. Pour des projets de recherche qui incluent l’informatique, un de ces modèles sera de type conceptuel. Il permettra à la philosophie de jouer un rôle fécond par rapport aux modèles formels, computationnels et technologiques. Cette hypothèse est explorée dans des projets de lecture et d’analyse de textes assistées par ordinateur (LATAO) qui sont appliqués à des textes de haut niveau théorique, comme le sont les textes philosophiques.
Wittgenstein, les règles et les accords1
Authors: Ianni Segatto Antonio 
Published: March 2023

Dans cet article, je veux montrer quel est le malentendu commun aux lectures opposées des remarques wittgensteiniennes sur « suivre une règle », notamment la lecture sceptique de Kripke et la lecture de Baker et Hacker. Je crois que caractériser correctement le malentendu de ces dernières nous permet de voir la bonne façon de lire ces remarques, dans la mesure où ces lectures sont toujours soumises à une confusion philosophique que Wittgenstein veut dissoudre. Ensuite, je présente un commentaire des §§239-242 des Recherches philosophiques inspiré de la lecture dite résolue, en attirant l’attention sur un des aspects souvent négligés par les commentateurs, en particulier la dimension temporelle du langage. L’examen de la relation entre celle-ci et l’activité de suivre des règles entend présenter de nouveaux arguments en faveur d’une lecture résolue.
Quand le prophète revient dans la cité pour ramener la paix : le « retour du religieux » à l’épreuve d’un terrain africain. Le cas de l’Église tokoïste en Angola
Authors: Carducci Federico 
Published: March 2023

Mobilisé souvent à partir du paradigme de la sécularisation et imprégné de sa vision normative, le concept de « retour du religieux » n’a jamais fait l’objet d’une mise à l’épreuve par le bas, qui en vérifie l’opérationnalité. À partir du cas d’une Église prophétique en Angola, l’Église tokoïste, et du retour de son prophète sur la scène politique nationale de l’après-guerre, ce travail propose de déconstruire les biais ethnocentriques et méthodologiques et de faire du concept de retour du religieux une notion opératoire. Pour ce faire, il met en avant une perspective qui rejette toute relation de causalité entre religion et modernité, et qui se focalise sur l’historicité du religieux, sur les formes hétérogènes d’autorité spirituelle et institutionnelle et sur les pratiques quotidiennes. Enfin, l’imbrication entre retour du religieux et fin de la guerre permet de comprendre la reconfiguration des rapports de pouvoir en Angola.
Vous avez dit « relation » ?
Authors: Vautier Claude 
Published: March 2023

La sociologie contemporaine est le siège de discussions nourries autour du terme « relation ». Ces discussions ne datent pas d’aujourd’hui et, déjà, voici plus d’un siècle, on en trouve les traces (quoiqu’à bas bruit, la querelle n’étant pas identifiée comme telle) chez des auteurs comme Georg Simmel ou ceux des Écoles de Chicago, vers 1890. La querelle a rebondi depuis que l’individualisme méthodologique s’est quelque peu retiré du devant de la scène après le décès de Raymond Boudon, en 2013. Cette querelle oppose ceux pour qui la sociologie relationnelle est essentiellement un interactionnisme qui se ramène le plus souvent à une posture individualiste et actionniste et ceux pour qui cette approche ne peut être vraiment conçue comme relationnelle et considèrent qu’il faut « partir de la relation » et non se ramener à l’individu. Cet article veut apporter quelques précisions sur cette dispute et proposer une voie de résolution de celle-ci.
Ligamentum teres reconstruction using autogenous semitendinosus tendon with toggle technique in rabbits
Authors: Abibe Rebeca Bastos , Rahal Sheila Canevese , Reis Mesquita Luciane dos , Doiche Danuta , da Silva Jeana Pereira , Mamprim Maria Jaqueline , Pinho Renata Haddad , Battazza Alexandre , Alves Carlos Eduardo Fonseca , Saunders W. Brian 
Published: March 2023

Background
Ligamentum teres (LT) has traditionally been considered a vestigial or redundant structure in humans; however, based on new studies and the evolution of hip arthroscopy, the LT injury has been viewed as a source of hip pain. Therefore, LT reconstruction can be beneficial in some cases. Rabbits have been frequently used as a model for cranial cruciate ligament reconstruction but few studies are available for ligamentum teres reconstruction.

Objective
To evaluate the semitendinosus tendon to replace ligamentum teres with the toggle technique, using rabbits as an experimental model.

Methods
Twenty-six female Norfolk rabbits with approximately 3 months of age were divided into two equal groups after excision of ligamentum teres (LT) from the right hip joint: G1—no reconstruction of LT and capsulorrhaphy; G2—double—bundle reconstruction of the LT using semitendinosus tendon autograft. In both groups, the LT was removed from the right hip joint. In G2 the autograft was harvested from the left hind limb of the same rabbit. The rabbits were evaluated clinically at different time intervals; before surgery (M1), 48 h (M2), 15 days (M3), 30 days (M4) and 90 days (M5) after surgery.

Results
The rabbits supported their limbs on the ground in both the groups. As complications of the procedure, four hip joints showed subluxations in the radiographic evaluation of G1; three at M4 and one at M5. In G2; two luxations of hip joints at M3 and one subluxation at M4 were seen. On ultrasound, irregular articular surface was seen in 30.8% of the rabbits that had subluxation of hip joints. Gross evaluation identified tendon graft integrity in 76.92% of the rabbits. Histological analysis revealed graft adhesion to the bone in the early phase comprised of sharpey-like collagen fibers.

Conclusion
The double-bundle reconstruction of the LT using autologous semitendinosus tendon associated with the toggle rod shows an early phase of tendon graft ligamentization at 90 days post-operatively in young rabbits, but biomechanical bias suffered by the tendon during gait must be considered.
Intersexual and body size-related variation in chemical constituents from feces and cloacal products involved in intraspecific communication of a fossorial amphisbaenian
Authors: Martín José , Rodríguez-Ruiz Gonzalo , Cuervo José Javier , López Pilar 
Published: March 2023

Background
Many animals rely on chemical cues for intraspecific communication. This is especially important in fossorial animals because visual restrictions of the underground environment limit the opportunities for visual communication. Previous experiments showed the ability of the amphisbaenian Trogonophis wiegmanni to discriminate between several categories of conspecifics based on chemical cues alone. However, in contrast with many other reptile species, T. wiegmanni does not have external secretory glands, but uses uncharacterized secretions from the cloaca in intraspecific chemosensory communication.

Methods
Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), we analyzed the lipophilic compounds from feces and cloacal products freshly extracted from the cloaca of male and female T. wiegmanni. We identified and estimated relative proportions of the compounds found, and tested for intersexual and body-size related differences.

Results
We found a total of 103 compounds, being some steroids (mainly cholesterol and cholestanol), some alkanes and squalene the most abundant and frequent. Further, we found intersexual differences, with males, especially larger ones, having higher proportions of several alkanes between C13 and C24 and of squalene than females, which had higher proportions of several steroids and also of nonacosane and methylnonacosane than males. We compared these findings with secretions of other animals and discuss the potential role of these compounds and their variations in intraspecific communication of amphisbaenians.
Concordance and Discrepancies Among 5 Creatinine-Based Equations for Assessing Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate in Older Adults
Authors: Beridze Giorgi , Vetrano Davide L. , Marengoni Alessandra , Dai Lu , Carrero Juan-Jesús , Calderón-Larrañaga Amaia 
Published: March 2023

ImportanceThere is uncertainty as to which estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) equation should be used among older adults.ObjectiveTo compare the 5 most commonly used creatinine-based eGFR equations in older adults, quantifying the concordance among the equations, comparing their discriminative capacity in regards to 15-year mortality, and identifying sources of potential discrepancies.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study used data from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K), a longitudinal study of adults aged 60 years or older in Sweden. Participants were recruited between 2001 and 2004 and followed up for mortality until December 2016. Participants missing creatinine values were excluded. Data were originally analyzed March through July 2022, and were rerun in January 2023.ExposuresFive creatinine-based equations were considered: Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD), 2009 Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiological Collaboration (CKD-EPI), Revised Lund-Malmö (RLM), Berlin Initiative Study (BIS), and European Kidney Function Consortium (EKFC).Main Outcomes and MeasuresConcordance between equations was quantified using Cohen κ. Discriminative capacity for mortality was quantified using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and the Harrel C statistic. Calf circumference, body mass index (BMI), and age were explored as correlates of discrepancies.ResultsThe study sample consisted of 3094 older adults (1972 [63.7%] female; median [IQR] age, 72 [66-81] years). Cohen κ between dyads of equations ranged from 0.42 to 0.91, with poorest concordance between MDRD and BIS, and best between RLM and EKFC. MDRD and CKD-EPI provided higher estimates of GFR compared with the other equations. The best mix of AUC and Harrel C statistic was observed for BIS (0.80 and 0.73, respectively); however, the prognostic accuracy for death decreased among those aged over 78 years and those with low calf circumference. Differences between equations were inconsistent across levels of calf circumference, BMI, and age.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, we found that eGFR equations were not interchangeable when assessing kidney function. BIS outperformed other equations in predicting mortality; however, its discriminative capacity was reduced in subgroup analyses. Clinicians should consider these discrepancies when monitoring kidney function in old age.
Localization of Lesion Cells and Targeted Mitochondria Via Embedded Hydrogel Microsphere using Heat Transfer Microneedles
Authors: Lin Feng , Zhuang Yaping , Xiang Lei , Ye Tingjun , Wang Zhen , Wu Longxi , Liu Yupu , Deng Lianfu , Cui Wenguo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe localization of lesion cells and targeted regulation of organelle function can promote the lesion repair. However, conventional regulation is difficult to reach deep lesions and target mitochondria. In this study, dynamic spiral Mosaic technology is ued to construct heat transfer microneedles with spiral Mosaic micro/nano hydrogel microspheres (ST‐needle), using molecular chain motion in response to heat stimulation to regulate the adhesion of non‐oriented triblock polymer, as a dual delivery system for heat energy and biological factors. The ST‐needle system use its physical property to accurately reach the deep lesions and transfer heat to the lesion cells. Heat activates the dynamic spiral Mosaic mechanism of the ST‐needle system, removing the Mosaic state of hydrogel microspheres and realizing the arrival of heat and hydrogel microspheres into lesion together. Through the rapid inhibition of mitochondrial apoptosis by heat, and long‐term induce mitophagy by hydrogel microspheres releasing biological factors, finally complete the synergistic targeted regulation of mitochondrial function. In vitro/vivo experiments show that ST‐needle system can inhibit chondrocyte apoptosis more effectively (64.41% lower than conventional regulation). Based on dynamic spiral Mosaic technique and the synergistic regulation of heat and biological factors, the ST‐needle system is a promising method for lesion repair.
N‐Butyl Pyridinium Diiodido Argentate(I): A One‐Dimensional Ag‐I Network with Superior Solid‐State Ionic Conductivity at Room Temperature
Authors: Bhattacharyya Biswajit , Balischewski Christian , Sperlich Eric , Günter Christina , Mies Stefan , Kelling Alexandra , Taubert Andreas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA new solid‐state material, N‐butyl pyridinium diiodido argentate(I), is synthesized using a simple and effective one‐pot approach. In the solid state, the compound exhibits 1D ([AgI2]−)n chains that are stabilized by the N‐butyl pyridinium cation. The 1D structure is further manifested by the formation of long, needle‐like crystals, as revealed from electron microscopy. As the general composition is derived from metal halide‐based ionic liquids, the compound has a low melting point of  100–101 °C, as confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry. Most importantly, the compound has a conductivity of 10−6 S cm−1 at room temperature. At higher temperatures the conductivity increases and reaches to 10−4 S cm−1 at 70 °C. In contrast to AgI, however, the current material has a highly anisotropic 1D arrangement of the ionic domains. This provides direct and tuneable access to fast and anisotropic ionic conduction. The material is thus a significant step forward beyond current ion conductors and a highly promising prototype for the rational design of highly conductive ionic solid‐state conductors for battery or solar cell applications.
Shape Memory Alloy Thin Film Auxetic Structures
Authors: Dengiz Duygu , Goldbeck Hauke , Curtis Sabrina M. , Bumke Lars , Jetter Justin , Quandt Eckhard 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAuxetic structures provide an interesting approach to solving engineering problems due to their negative Poisson's ratio, which allows for elongation perpendicular to applied stresses, opposite to a conventional structure's necking behavior. Thus, they can function well in applications requiring compacting the device into a small volume during the deployment (e.g., implants inserted with catheters) or stretchability with area coverage (e.g., stretchable electronics). Fabricating them with shape memory alloys (SMAs) expands the possibilities. The high strains experienced by auxetic structures may become reversible compared to ordinary metals due to superelastic or shape memory effect. This work studies four different auxetic microstructures using thin film SMAs that are capable of surviving strains up to 57.4%. Since these structures are fabricated by layer deposition and lithography, other components, such as microelectronics, can be seamlessly integrated into the fabrication process. These auxetic thin films are investigated for their mechanical behavior under tension for their stretchability and stability. Under tension, thin films are known to show wrinkling instabilities. In two of four designs, the large auxetic behavior leads to wrinkling, while the other two display stable, non‐wrinkling behavior. These designs can be candidates for stretchable electronics, wearable medical devices (e.g., biosensors), or implants (e.g., stents).
Gallium Phosphide Nanoparticles for Low‐Loss Nanoantennas in Visible Range
Authors: Shima Daisuke , Sugimoto Hiroshi , Assadillayev Artyom , Raza Søren , Fujii Minoru 
Published: March 2023

AbstractColloidal nanoparticles of gallium phosphide (GaP) with moderately high refractive index (n > 3) and a small extinction coefficient in the visible range are developed using a combination of mechanical milling and a pulsed laser melting process in solution. The combined process yields GaP nanoparticles with an almost spherical shape and the smooth surface. The single particle scattering spectroscopy reveals that smoothening of the surface by the pulsed laser melting process is crucial for achieving distinctive Mie resonances of the dipolar and higher‐order modes in the visible range. The near‐field profile at the Mie resonances studied by electron energy loss spectroscopy in a scanning transmission electron microscope confirms the existence of the magnetic dipole mode. Finally, the Purcell enhancement of fluorescence of molecules on the surface due to the Mie resonances is demonstrated.
Electrochemical Dearomative Amination of Phenol Derivatives: Access to Spirooxazolidinones
Authors: Wan Jin‐Lin , Huang Jing‐Mei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAn electrochemical oxidative approach to spirooxazolidinones from phenol derivatives via intramolecular dearomative amination reactions is developed. This reaction proceeds without metal catalysts and external chemical oxidants, and shows broad substrate scope and diverse functional group compatibility. The synthetic utility of this strategy is further exhibited by the gram‐scale synthesis and late‐stage functionalization. By slightly tunning the reaction conditions, the alcohols (1°, 2° and 3°) can be afforded from phenol derivatives, which is a good strategy for the deprotection of para‐methoxyphenyl (PMP) group to recover the alcohol function.magnified image
Ultrathin Conformable Electronic Tattoo for Tactile Sensations
Authors: Mazzotta Arianna , Mattoli Virgilio 
Published: March 2023

AbstractConformable electronics has emerged in recent years as an innovative research field and the ability of conformable devices to monitor human physiological signals has been extensively explored. Therefore, in this study, the possibility of using conformable electronics as active devices capable of providing stimuli to the human body is investigated. In particular, a new approach is proposed to elicit tactile sensations on human skin using an operating principle based on the generation of localized heat in correspondence with a closed volume of air. This latter consequently expands causing the deformation of a thin membrane. The use of fast prototyping fabrication techniques, i.e., inkjet printing, and commercially available materials, i.e., transfer tattoo paper, allow the device to be produced quickly and easily transferred on the target substrate. Despite the ultrathin thickness (few micrometers), it is possible to observe forces and displacements thanks to localized heating at very low working powers (<300 mW). A pilot test on a voluntary subject demonstrates how it is possible to discriminate the tactile sensation elicited by the active tattoo device. While the working principle on a single taxel is demonstrated, these results show the potential of the new approach for developing wearable tactile displays.
Surface Regulation with Polymerized Small Molecular Acceptor Towards Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Li Dongyang , Huang Yulan , Ma Ruijie , Liu Heng , Liang Qiong , Han Yu , Ren Zhiwei , Liu Kuan , Fong Patrick Wai‐Keung , Zhang Zhuoqiong , Lian Qing , Lu Xinhui , Cheng Chun , Li Gang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOptimizing the interface between the perovskite and transport layers is an efficient approach to promote the photovoltaic performance of inverted perovskite solar cells (IPSCs). Given decades of advances in bulk materials optimization, the performance of IPSCs has been pushed to its limits by interface engineering with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) over 25% and excellent stability. Herein, an n‐type polymeric semiconducting material, PY‐IT, that has shown remarkable performance in organic photovoltaics, is introduced as an interface regulator between perovskite and ETL. Encouragingly, this polymerized small molecular acceptor (PSMA) exhibits significant effectiveness in both passivation defects and electron transfer facilitation properties with the merits of strong planarity and rotatable linkers, which significantly optimizes perovskite grain growth orientation and added charge transport channels. As a result, the PSMA‐treated IPSC devices obtain an optimal efficiency of 23.57% with a fill factor of 84%, among the highest efficiency among PSMA‐based IPSCs. Meanwhile, the photo‐stability of PSMA devices is eye‐catching, maintaining ≈80% of its initial PCE after 1000 h of simulated 1‐sun illumination under maximal power point tracking. This work combines the achievements of polymer science and IPSC device engineering to provide a new insight into interface regulation of efficient and stable devices.