bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Non-Performing Assets on Profitability: A Panel Regression Analysis of Commercial Banks in Nepal
Authors: Dahal Pramod 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the impact of non-performing assets (NPA) on the profitability of Nepalese commercial banks using a panel data approach. This study employs panel data from 21 currently functioning commercial banks from 2017/18 to 2021/22, which totals 105 years of observations, to examine the impact of non-performing assets (NPA) on the profitability of Nepalese commercial banks. To investigate the explanatory power of non-performing assets on banks' profitability, the commercial banks' Return on Equity (ROE) is used as the dependent variable, and non-performing assets (NPA), the Laon loss provision to loan and advances (LLP), loan and advances in relation to total deposits (LTDR), return on investment (ROI), and capital adequacy ratio (CAR) are used as the controlled variables. Results from panel regression, correlation analysis, data stationary, and descriptive statistics are also reported. As suggested by the Hausman test, the fixed effect (FE) regression model has been selected as the suitable model. The findings show a significant negative link between non-performing assets and bank profitability. Operational and policy considerations are significantly affected by this conclusion. In order to lessen the negative effects of an increase in non-performing loans and increases in the profitability of commercial banks in Nepal, it emphasises the use of thorough creditworthiness assessments, ongoing credit monitoring, and the establishment of appropriate loan policies in compliance with regulatory requirements.
Three-dimensional vortices generated by cluster explosion in ultrasound
Authors: Wang Hui 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Vortices are a type of fluid movement characterized by a distinct spiral pattern. This pattern is observed in a variety of environments, from weather patterns to astronomical bodies. The precise geometry of the spiral pattern is essential to our understanding of vortices as it provides valuable insights into their formation and behavior. Logarithmic spirals have been proposed to identify spirals in vortices1-12. However, the full geometry of the spiral pattern remains unknown1-30. Here we present a quantitative analysis of the geometry of two-dimensional and three-dimensional vortices in water, which were created by exposing micro clusters to ultrasound. Some clusters unexpectedly exploded, creating a previously unknown three-dimensional gyroscope-shaped vortex that ejects a sequence of nodes along the vortex’s central axis. Surprisingly, nodes are spaced with their reciprocal distances arranged in arithmetic progression. Other clusters formed two-dimensional vortices that conformed perfectly to the spiral equation rφ=1. The unique yet interrelated geometries of these three- and two-dimensional vortices suggest that the more commonly seen two-dimensional vortex may only represent a subset of the complete representation of three-dimensional vortices. Our research provides an initial framework for understanding the emergence and dynamics of vortices across diverse scientific disciplines.
Effect of Solute Carrier Family 30 A8 Zinc Transporter (SLC30A8) Gene Polymorphism on Serum Zinc Transporter 8 and Zinc Transporter 8 Autoantibodies Levels in Iraqi Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Alrikabi Rihab , Hussain Da’ad A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
A previously undescribed scene-selective site is the key to encoding ego-motion in natural environments
Authors: Kennedy Bryan , Malladi Sarala N. , Tootell Roger BH , Nasr Shahin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Current models of scene processing in human brain include three scene-selective areas: the Parahippocampal Place Area (or the temporal place areas; PPA/TPA), the restrosplenial cortex (or the medial place area; RSC/MPA) and the transverse occipital sulcus (or the occipital place area; TOS/OPA). Here, we challenged this simplistic model by showing that another scene-selective site can also be detected within the posterior intraparietal gyrus. Despite the smaller size of this site compared to the other scene-selective areas, the posterior intraparietal gyrus scene-selective (PIGS) site was detected consistently in a large pool of subjects (n = 59; 33 females). The reproducibility of this finding was tested based on multiple criteria, including comparing the results across sessions, utilizing different scanners (3T and 7T) and stimulus sets. Furthermore, we found that this site (but not the other three scene-selective areas) is significantly sensitive to ego-motion in scenes, thus distinguishing the role of PIGS in scene perception relative to other scene-selective areas. These results highlight the importance of including finer scale scene-selective sites in models of scene processing – a crucial step toward a more comprehensive understanding of how scenes are encoded under dynamic conditions.
Compound Odontoma in Canine Region and its Radiological Evidence: Case Reports
Authors: Yordanova-Kostova Greta Roussanova , Gurgurova Gergana Diyanova 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Compound odontoma (CpOD) develops tooth germ-like structures but often lacks complete differentiation. Some authors recognize the compound odontoma as supernumerary teeth.

Objective:
This study aimed to present the analysis of orthodontic problems and radiological findings in three clinical cases of patients with complex odontoma.

Case Presentation:
The present three clinical cases of patients (two females and a male), aged from 14 to 25 years, had compound odontoma, which was confirmed through their radiological findings. Patients did not report symptoms associated with pain and discomfort in the area or genetic predisposition in the family. Orthodontists examined each clinical case with its individual problems and solutions. The findings were localized in the canine region, in 2 of the cases in the upper jaw and one in the lower. Only one patient with localization of the problem in the lower jaw had no disturbance in the eruption of the teeth in the affected dental arch, while in two patients with localization of the problem in the upper jaw, retention of permanent canines was found. In all three cases of the odontoma, there was one tooth with the reverse direction of the crown root. In one case, a supernumerary tooth near the odontoma was also observed. In all of the presented cases involving compound odontoma, there was one main well-formed and developed tooth, around which the other tooth-like structures were located, usually with a conical shape.

Conclusion:
CBCT contributes to establishing an accurate and detailed morphological characterization of the fundamental structures (teeth) in the odontoma.
The Importance of the Frailty Effect In Survival Models: For Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis Data
Authors: Mbona Sizwe Vincent , Mwambi Henry , Ramroop Shaun 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Frailty models have been proposed to analyse survival data, considering unobserved covariates (frailty effects). In a shared frailty model, frailties are common (or shared) amongst groups of individuals and are randomly distributed across groups.

Objective:
In this paper, the authors compared the semi-parametric model to shared frailty models by studying the time-to-death of patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB).

Methods:
Secondary data from 1 542 multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients were used in this study. STATA software was used to analyse frailty models via the streg command.

Results:
Of 1 542 patients diagnosed with MDR-TB, 245 (15.9%) died during the study period; 77 (5.0%) had treatment failure; 334 (21.7%) defaulted; 213 (13.8%) completed treatment; 651 (42.2%) were cured of MRD-TB; and 22 (1.4%) were transferred out. The results showed that 797 (51.7%) were females, and the majority were aged 18 – 30 and 31 – 40 years (35.5% and 35.7% respectively). Most of the patients (71.3%) were HIV-positive. The results also showed that most patients (95.7%) had no previous MDR-TB episodes, and 792 (51.4%) had no co-morbidities. The estimate of the variance for the frailty term in the Weibull gamma shared frailty model was 2.83, which is relatively large and therefore suggests the existence of heterogeneity.

Conclusion:
The Laplace transform of the frailty distribution plays a central role in relating the hazards, conditional on the frailty, to the hazards and survival functions observed in a population.
Effects of Serious Games for Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Huang Houqiang , Huang Min , Chen Qi , Hayter Mark , Watson Roger 
Published: September 2023

Background
The use of serious games for rehabilitation has been an emerging intervention in health care fields, referred to as an entertaining and positive activity. Although related studies have been conducted on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a more comprehensive study that summarizes and evaluates its effects in this area is needed.

Objective
This review aimed to systematically evaluate the effects of serious games in promoting rehabilitation and related outcome measures of serious game–based engagement in patients with COPD.

Methods
This review adhered to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement. Searches were performed in the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Embase (via Ovid), CINAHL, Science Direct, and China Biology Medicine disc. Only quantitative studies were included in this review, and the methodological quality and bias of the included studies were evaluated using related tools. Several outcomes, including clinical outcomes and serious game–based engagement outcomes, were ultimately collected in this review. The results were summarized and evaluated using descriptive methods due to significant heterogeneity.

Results
In total, 11 studies were included. Serious games played a potentially positive effect on pulmonary function and exercise capacity. However, no consistent findings were reported on dyspnea and psychological status. Additionally, serious game engagement showed favorable findings on adherence, enjoyment, and acceptability. Furthermore, no serious adverse effects were identified in all included studies.

Conclusions
This review preliminarily indicated the potential benefits of serious games in promoting rehabilitation for patients with COPD, despite the limited quality of the included studies. More studies with high methodological quality are needed to further explore the effects of serious games in this field.
Effect of additional types of different probiotics on feed on the consumption rate, feed conversion ratio, protein, and fat retention Cyprinus carpio
Authors: Linda Puspitasari  , Satyantini Woro Hastuti , Fasya Arif Habib 
Published: September 2023

Cyprinus carpio is a freshwater fish that is in great demand by the public because of several advantages, including its high protein content and affordable price. Carp (C. carpio) cultivation requires artificial feed as nutrients to support its growth. One aspect of stunted growth is low feed utilization, this is related to feed protein digestibility that is not optimal. One way to increase the digestibility of feed is by adding probiotics. The purpose of this study was to examine the addition of probiotics to artificial feed on the level of feed consumption, the value of the feed conversion ratio, the retention of protein in meat and retention of fat in the fish of Cyprinus carpio.
This research was conducted in May-June 2022 at the Laboratory of the School of Health and Natural Sciences. The results found that the addition of different types of probiotics to the feed can affect the level of consumption, feed conversion ratio, protein retention and fat retention of Cyprinus carpio fish. This study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 4 replications. Observations on each treatment showed different results. The results showed that probiotics had an effect (p<0.05) on TKP, RKP, RP, and RL. The best use of probiotics is found in P4 with the content of probiotic bacteria, namely Lactobacillus sp. Acetobacter sp. and yeast. The results obtained in the P4 treatment with a total value of 105.93 grams of feed consumption, 1.40 feed conversion ratio value, 65.68% meat protein retention value, and 187.59% meat fat retention value
EXAMINING THE EMOTIONAL LABOR BEHAVIORS OF TRAINERS: THE CASE OF ERZURUM PROVINCE
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Kübra , MURATHAN Talha 
Published: September 2023

The profession of coaching is an important task as they are always together and guiding individuals who do sports at amateur and professional level. A coach is a person who requires expertise and follows the developments in his field. Emotional labor is; It expresses the feelings and thoughts that an individual feels at work. The aim of this research is to examine the emotional labor of the trainers working in the Provincial Directorate of Youth and Sports in terms of various variables and to determine whether there are significant differences between them.
The sample of this research, in which descriptive scanning model was used, consisted of trainers working in Erzurum Provincial Directorate of Youth and Sports. "Personal Information Form" created by the researcher and Emotional Labor Scale (DES) developed by Basım and Bengibaş (2012) were used to collect data in the research. SPSS 21.0 package program was used in the analysis of the data, and the significance value was accepted as 0.05. In the evaluation of the data, number, percentage, mean and standard deviation were applied as descriptive statistical methods. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the data were not normally distributed and Mann Whitney U-test was used for pairwise comparisons and Kruskal Wallis H-test was used for more than two comparisons. According to the findings of our research, although there is no statistically significant difference in the comparison made according to some demographic variables, it can be said that men spend more emotional labor than women. Likewise, although there is no statistically significant difference between single participants and married people, it can be said that single participants spend more emotional labor.
Options Trading and Earnings Management
Authors: Dai Xin , Qiao Zheng , Xia Chongwu 
Published: September 2023

SYNOPSIS
This study examines how options trading plays a unique role in curbing firms’ earnings management. We find that options trading volume deters managers’ earnings manipulations, and the effect can be explained by unique characteristics of the options markets. Our results remain unchanged when using both an instrumental variable approach and difference-in-differences analyses to mitigate endogeneity concerns, and after controlling for investors’ short-selling activities. This study adds to the literature by documenting a real impact of options trading on financial reporting. Our results suggest that the options markets promote price efficiency not only by incorporating private information from informed traders, but also by incentivizing managers to disseminate less manipulated information.
Data Availability: The data that support the findings of this study are available from the second author upon request.
JEL Classifications: E44; G3; M41.
Impact of Type 2 Diabetes on the Outcomes of Solid Organ Transplantations in the U.S.: Data From a National Registry
Authors: Stepanova Maria , Kumar Ameeta , Brandt Pamela , Gundurao Nagashree , Cusi Kenneth , Al Qahtani Saleh , Younossi Zobair M. 
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVE
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major driver of chronic diseases around the globe. The aim was to assess the impact of T2D on the outcomes of solid organ transplantations.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We used the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients from 2006 to 2021 to collect data for all patients age ≥18 years who received a lung, heart, liver, or kidney transplant in the U.S.

RESULTS
We included 462,692 solid organ transplant recipients: 31,503 lung, 38,004 heart, 106,639 liver, and 286,440 kidney transplantations. The prevalence of pretransplantation T2D was 15% in lung, 26% in heart, 25% in liver, and 30% in kidney transplant recipients, increasing over time. Posttransplantation mortality was significantly higher among transplant recipients with T2D versus those without T2D (lung 32.1% vs. 29.3% [3 years], 46.4% vs. 42.6% [5 years]; P &lt; 0.01; heart 11.2% vs. 9.1% [1 year], 24.4% vs. 20.6% [5 years]; P &lt; 0.0001; liver 10.6% vs. 8.9% [1 year], 26.2% vs. 22.0% [5 years]; P &lt; 0.0001; kidney 5.3% vs. 2.5% [1 year], 20.8% vs. 10.1% [5 years]; P &lt; 0.0001). Independent association of pretransplantation T2D with higher posttransplantation mortality was significant after adjustment for clinicodemographic confounders (adjusted hazard ratio in lung transplant recipients 1.08 [95% CI 1.03–1.13]; heart 1.26 [1.20–1.32]; liver 1.25 [1.21–1.28]; kidney 1.65 [1.62–1.68]; P &lt; 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of T2D in solid organ transplantation candidates is increasing. In all solid organ transplantations, pretransplantation T2D was independently associated with higher posttransplantation mortality, most profoundly in kidney transplantations.
capsuled approach to analysis of the profitability of digitalization of business processes of telecommunications companies in Ukraine
Authors: Klymenko Olena , Lehominova Svitlana , Goloborodko Alona 
Published: September 2023

Digital progress fundamentally transforms social reality, changing not only the key principles of social life but also all social institutions and spheres in which social interaction takes place, without neglecting the fundamental basis of the world's existence – the economy. Therefore, the problem of digitalization of the enterprise's business processes in the conditions of the digital economy becomes extremely urgent, given the need for high-quality management of the development of private capital.
The purpose of the article is a multi-aspect system modeling of the encapsulated approach of the enterprise's business processes to find adequate justified management of flow processes in the conditions of digitalization of the economy. Research methodology – methods of digital analytics, based on the analysis of financial statements of enterprises and mathematical modeling of investment flows, including comparative analysis of indicators of comprehensive diagnostics of the effectiveness of digitalization of telecommunications enterprises. Findings - the key flows of business processes of enterprises are defined: material, innovative-intellectual, information-marketing, financial, the effectiveness of which management consists in the synchronization of flows with the possible assumption of temporary variations in the investment of one or another flow. Modeling made it possible to recognize the dominant flows – financial and innovative-intellectual, which allowed the authors to scientifically substantiate the need for systematic balanced management of the enterprise's business processes depending on the changing external environment, which is forced to transform intensively under the influence of the realities of the digital society. The theoretical constructs applied by the authors using the general and innovative theory of systems, the process approach of managing the quality of flows in combination with an interdisciplinary approach and analytical methodology made it possible to highlight the peculiarities of business processes in the conditions of digitalization as a general complex system that can be effectively managed using modern digital technologies.
The study of key indicators and analysis of flow management is proposed to be carried out with the help of an encapsulated approach, which provides scientists with the basis for analytical analysis of the effectiveness of business processes at a modern enterprise in the conditions of a digital society. Research limitations – obtaining the analytical dependence of the key flows of the enterprise's business processes is a platform for making management decisions but requires the use of a more modern methodology using digital tools.
PENGARUH PEMBERSIHAN DEPOSIT KARBON DI RUANG BAKAR TERHADAP DAYA DAN TORSI MESIN 1300 cc
Authors: Wahyu Mujahid 
Published: September 2023

Abstrak Deposit karbon hasil pembakaran yang tertinggal di ruang bakar diduga telah berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap daya dan torsi mesin. Tujuan dari artikel ilmiah ini untuk mengungkap pengaruh pembersihan deposit karbon di ruang bakar terhadap daya dan torsi mesin 1300cc. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen murni dengan variabel bebas berupa pembersihan deposit karbon dari ruang bakar mesin 1300 cc dengan cairan asam. Variabel terikat berupa nilai daya dan torsi yang diukur dengan alat uji chassis dyno test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setelah dilakukan proses pembersihan deposit karbon, daya maksimal mesin 1300 cc meningkat dari 53 hp menjadi rerata 57 hp pada pengujian di gigi percepatan 4. Torsi maksimal juga meningkat dari 84 Nm menjadi 90 Nm pada gigi percepatan 3 dan meningkat dari 83 Nm menjadi 87 Nm pada gigi percepatan 4. AbstractThe carbon deposit from combustion left in the combustion chamber are thought to have simultaneously effected on the engine’s power and torque. The purpose of this paper to investigate the effect of cleaning carbon deposit in the combustion chamber on the power and torque of the 1300cc. This research used pure experimental method with an independent variable in the form of cleaning carbon deposit from combustion chamber of a 1300 cc engine with acid. The dependent variable were the value of power and torque as measured measuring by the chassis dynotest tool. The results showed that after the carbon deposit cleaning process was carried out, the maximum power of the 1300 cc engine increased from 53 hp to 57 hp in the test in 4th acceleration gear. The maximum torque also increased from 84 Nm to 90 Nm in 3rd acceleration gear and increased from 83 Nm to 87 Nm in 4th gear.
The reform of Japanese language teaching and the cultivation of intercultural communication skills in colleges and universities in the context of the Internet
Authors: Liu Qingzhe 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The impact of changing Japanese language instruction in higher education institutions on students’ intercultural communication skills is examined in this paper using gray correlation. To create the gray correlation value matrix of the ideal response, a comparison study of the geometric relationships between the system data series and the geometry of the curves is done. The set of signals for the ideal response and the negative one is established by examining the specific steps of the ideal response approach. The multiplicative synthesis method was used to assign weights to the combinations of decision indicators, and the assignment formula was calculated. The results showed that 42% of the students wanted to learn everyday Japanese in Japanese language teaching, only 21% wanted to learn professional Japanese and industrial Japanese, and most of the learners preferred to improve their communicative ability through Japanese language teaching courses. The most desirable communicative ability of students should be 43% of expression and imagination.