bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Nephrotic Syndrome: Our Experience and Literature Review
Authors: Nissar Syed M. , Kuchay Abid A. , Mir Tajamul H. , Goud L. Naresh , Latief Muzamil 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is one of the common presentations of kidney diseases both in children and adults. NS patients, particularly those with membranous nephropathy, have increased risk of thromboembolic events. Heparin and vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) continue to be commonly used as prophylactic and therapeutic agents, given the experience of use of these agents in NS and nonrenal indications of anticoagulation. The use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in NS is reported in some case series, conference abstracts, and a few small studies. We report our experience of using DOACs in 11 patients of NS with severe hypoalbuminemia. Out of 11, one patient required change of anticoagulation from DOACs to VKA and the rest of them did well with DOACs. There were no bleeding episodes in our study. We suggest larger studies to be carried out to better understand the use of these agents in NS.
Evaluation of patient adherence with oral anticancer agents
Authors: Kazaz Seher Nazlı , Yıldırım Atila 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
The aim of the study was to measure the adherence to oral anticancer treatments in cancer patients using the Modified Morisky Scale (Modified Medication Adherence Scale 6) which has been shown to be valid and reliable in Turkish.

Methods:
This study was an observational, single-center study involving 300 cancer patients receiving various oral anticancer agents admitted to our outpatient clinic. Motivation and knowledge scores were calculated as per the Modified Medication Adherence Scale 6.

Results:
The motivation and knowledge levels of the population aged less than 65 years were found to be significantly higher than the geriatric population (≥65 years old) (P < .003 and P< .001, respectively). It was observed that the patients with higher education levels had significantly higher motivation and knowledge levels (P < .0001 for both). There was no correlation between the motivation and knowledge levels of the patients with gender, marital status, living status, and stage of the disease (P > .05). In addition, the duration of drug use >12 months and the cyclical use of drugs were also found to be significantly associated with increased motivation and knowledge levels.

Conclusion:
Identifying adherence and related factors, informing patients in detail about the efficacy and toxicity of treatments are the simplest and most basic methods. Particular attention should be paid to patients aged > 65 years, patients with a low level of education, and patients in the earlier stages of their treatments.
Frequency of EGFR mutations in lung adenocarcinoma patients – A study from tertiary cancer center of South India
Authors: Nayanar Sangeetha K. , Mohan Anju , Shenoy Praveen , Saravanan M , Gopinath Vipin , Deepak Roshan V. G 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTS

Background and Objectives:
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation analysis has become an important part of the initial workup of non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NS-NSCLC) patients. This study is attempted as South Indians population is comprised of ethnic groups with diverse genetic makeup and only very limited data on EGFR mutation is available from south India. A detailed understanding of EGFR mutation profile will help in better planning of treatment strategies and resource allocation.

Methods:
A retrospective analysis of EGFR mutation frequency in 350 patients diagnosed with adenocarcinoma of lung and its association with pathological characteristics was done.

Results:
Out of 350 cases of pulmonary adenocarcinoma, within an age group ranging from 30 to 86 years. EGFR mutations were identified in 34.8% (n = 122) cases, out of which 35.24% (n = 43) were in non-smoker females (P = 0.001). Of the 14 cases with resistant type of EGFR mutations, nine were in smoker males and the remaining five in non-smoker females.

Interpretation and Conclusion:
Overall EGFR mutation frequency observed in our study was similar to other Indian studies. However, in our study, we observed that mutation in exon 21 was less frequent compared to other studies. A similar slightly increased frequency of rare mutations and double mutations were observed in our study. A detailed study of the molecular epidemiology of lung cancer and its association with different geographical zones of India is needed. This understanding will help in better planning of treatment strategies and resource allocation.
Influence of the parent rock nature on the mineralogical and geochemical composition of ferralsols used for sedentary agriculture in the Paleoproterozoic Franceville sub-basin (Gabon)
Authors: Zue Abaga Norbert Ondo , Nfoumou Victory , M’voubou Makaya 
Published: September 2023

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of parent rock nature on the mineralogical and geochemical properties of ferralsols used by sedentary subsistence farmers in the Proterozoic Franceville subbasin of Gabon. Thus, soils developed from cherts, black shales and sandstones were investigated for their mineralogical composition and their heavy metal contamination of topsoil using the X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results show that the dominant mineralogical assemblage is made of quartz, illite, kaolinite and smectite, and this is reflected in the major-element chemistry which include essentially SiO2 (46.4 - 89.2%), Al2O3 (4.3 - 19.8%) followed by Fe2O3 (0.7 - 15.3%), with highest amounts of SiO2 and lowest amounts of Al2O3 and Fe2O3 found in soils developed from sandstone. The geochemical data revealed some doleritic intrusions through the chert formations with highest values of Fe2O3 and TiO2 in the overlying soils. Results indicated serious health concern associated with a geogenic source of As, Ba, Cd, Cu, La, Pb, Rb, Th and U in soils developed from cherts and black shales. Consequently, only the uncontaminated soils developed from sandstone could be appropriate for smallholder farming communities.
Effect of ginkgo leaf tablets combined with compound carbidopa on patients with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Huang Yan , Du Bo , Zhu Shiguang , Mu Yingfeng , Geng Deqin 
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To determine the effect of a combination of ginkgo leaf tablets with compound carbidopa tablets on cognitive function, serum homocysteine (Hcy), malondialdehyde (MDA) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods: A total of eighty (80) PD patients admitted to The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China between December 2020 and December 2022 were randomly divided into two groups: Western medicine group (n = 40, using compound carbidopa tablets alone) and combination group (n = 40, using ginkgo leaf tablets combined with compound carbidopa tablets), and orally treated for 3 months. Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were used to assess cognitive function before and after treatment. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine serum Hcy levels, while enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to evaluate serum MDA and NSE levels. Adverse reactions were also recorded during treatment.Results: Total response rate following treatment in combination group was significantly higher than in Western medicine group (95.00 vs 80.00 %, p < 0.05). After treatment, MMSE and MoCA scores in combination group were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those in Western medicine group, while serum Hcy, MDA and NSE levels in combination group were significantly lower than those in Western medicine group (p < 0.05). During treatment, there was no significant difference in incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (p > 0.05).Conclusion: Ginkgo leaf tablets in combination with carbidopa significantly improve cognitive functions associated with PD with high safety, when compared to carbidopa tablets alone. However, further clinical trials are commended to validate these findings.
Spin-Off Uyarlama Dizilerde Kişilik Bozukluğu ve Gotik Karakter İnşası :Wednesday Örneği
Authors: AYDEMİR Mustafa 
Published: September 2023

ÖZ
Yeni medyanın uygulama sahası olan dijital platformlar, dizi film yapımları için önemli bir içerik mecrası olarak kabul edilmektedir. Dizi filmlerinin geniş ölçekte kabul edilmesi konusunda son yıllarda sanal kullanıcılara yönelik içeriklere ağırlık verildiği görülmektedir. Bu konuda ücretli erişim hizmetleriyle üyelik sistemine göre oluşturulan ağ platformlarının özellikle genç kesime yönelik bir beğeni kültürü oluşturmaya çalıştığı anlaşılmaktadır. Z kuşağının izleyici kitlesini oluşturduğu bu platformlarda ağ toplumu, niteliksel olarak marjinal özelliklere sahip kişilik çatışması yaşayan ana ve yardımcı karakterler üzerinden şekillendirilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Netflix yapımı Wednesday adlı dizi, dünyada en fazla izlenen 10 yapım içerisinde yer almaktadır. Wednesday dizisinde, postmodern pastiş betimlemeye sahip olup karakterle patolojik açıdan ironik bir ilişki kurulması ön plana çıkmaktadır. Sosyal psikoloji tanımlamalarındaki kimlik ilişkisi ile ruhsal değişkenlik yapıları dizinin ilk sezonunda yer alan sekiz bölümü içerisinde çeşitli temsiller, kahramanlık yapıları ve cinsiyetçi rolleri ile iletişim biçimleri ifadeler düzeyinde incelenerek adet ve yüzdelikler cinsinden içerik analizi yöntemiyle ele alınmaktadır. Wednesday dizisinin ilk sezonunu temsil eden sekiz bölümünde ilk aşamada ana karakter Wednesday Addams üzerinden sözel ifadeleri tipolojik olarak sınıflandıran üçlü niteleme grubu oluşturulmuştur. Dizinin ilk sezonunda söylem olarak 250 adet niteleme ve imgelem saptanmış olup, aile ve çevre nitelemesi 79 adet ve %31,60 oran, özeleştiri özelliği taşıyan nitelemeler 53 adet ve %21,20 oran, diğer kişilere yapılan nitelemeler 107 adet ve %42,80 şeklinde belirlenmiş olup, görüntünün bir yansıması olan imgelem sayısı 11 olup genel oran içerisinde %4,40 düzeyindedir.
Japanese War Brides in America
Authors: Crawford Mlki Ward , Hayashi Katie Kaori , Suenaga Shizuko 
Published: September 2023

Following the end of World War II, Congress passed the War Brides Act of 1945, which allowed foreign wives of U.S. military personnel to immigrate to the United States. However, with the ban of Asian immigration after World War II, the sudden influx of thousands of women created social tension while opening up one of the country’s largest cross-cultural integrations. This book reveals the stories of nineteen Japanese war brides whose assimilation into American culture forever influenced future generations, depicting love, strength, and perseverance in the face of incredible odds. With an estimated 50,000 women who migrated from Japan to the U.S. during 1946-1965, they all hold a unique place in American history and have been called ambassadors to the U.S. For the first time in English these women share their triumphs, sorrows, successes, and identity in a time when their own future was tainted by social segregation.
This oral history focuses mainly on women’s lives during World War II and the occupation of Japan. It illuminates the cultural expectations, the situations brought about by the war, and effects of the occupation, and also includes quotes from various war brides regarding this time. Chapter interviews are set up in chronological fashion and laid out in the following format: introduction of the war bride, how she met her husband, her initial travels to America, and life thereafter. Where needed, explanations, translations, and background history with references are provided.
Diagnostic utility of serum anti-Mullerian hormone levels in south Indian women with polycystic ovarian syndrome
Authors: Narayanaswamy Naveetha Lakshmi , Ramanathan Freethi , Thiyagarajan Manjuladevi Moonishaa 
Published: September 2023

Introduction and Aim: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrinopathy among women of reproductive age group, conventionally diagnosed using multiple clinical and biochemical tests. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels in PCOS.

Materials and Methods: The case control study involved 60 women of 18-40 years age, further grouped using Rotterdam criteria as cases with PCOS (n = 30) and controls without PCOS (n = 30). Study variables were compared between the groups using independent t-test. Correlation analyses were performed to predict the relationship of AMH with other PCOS determinants. Simple logistic regression and ROC analyses were used to determine the diagnostic utility of AMH.

Results: PCOS cases had increased levels of serum LH, testosterone, AMH, BMI, total antral follicular count (AFC), ovarian volume (OV) (p < 0.05*) than controls. Of all, serum AMH had the strongest association with PCOS (OR > 1, p < 0.05*) and showed considerable positive correlations with LH:FSH ratio, testosterone, AFC (r = 0.7768, p < 0.05*), OV (r = 0.7981, p < 0.05*). ROC analysis of AMH was significant (AUC = 0.966, p < 0.05*) with high sensitivity, specificity for cut points between 5.595 ng/mL and 5.90 ng/mL.

Conclusion: Elevated serum AMH levels were strongly associated with PCOS and correlated with its routine clinical determinants. Serum AMH estimation with cut-off between 5.595 ng/mL to 5.90 ng/mL, is proposed as a useful index for PCOS diagnosis.
A study of efficacy between interlaminar vs transforaminal approaches in symptomatic intervertebral disc herniations when treated with triamcinolone acetate
Authors: V. Kumar Dheeraj , Shetty Mithun , Bhandary Bhaskar , S. Manjunath 
Published: September 2023

Introduction and Aim: With lumbar disc herniations occurring in the population at a rate of 2-3%, low back pain is one of the most common chronic pain syndromes. Since 1952, patients with failed medical and conservative therapy for lumbar radiculopathy in presence or absence of discogenic back pain have been treated using epidural corticosteroid injections. Triamcinolone acetate, a local steroid, limits the inflammatory response. Interlaminar, transforaminal and caudal routes are various approaches for steroid injections. This study compared the effectiveness of triamcinolone acetate injections administered via an interlaminar vs. transforaminal method. The aim was to contrast the transforaminal technique and interlaminar approach to triamcinolone acetate's effectiveness in relieving pain.

Materials and Methods: In this study, 60 patients with low back pain are divided into two groups of 30 patients each and randomly allocated to receive care. Triamcinolone acetate solution, 40 mg, is used in each group. Interlaminar approach was chosen to inject the drug into the epidural space blindly, whereas through the transforaminal approach, the drug was delivered using dye with the help of fluoroscopic guidance. The outcome comprises evaluating pain reduction at the second and fourth weeks following the injection using a numerical scale and a verbal evaluation scale. Data was gathered after 15 minutes, at the 2nd and 4th week post injection.

Results: Patients who received triamcinolone acetate via transforaminal route experienced greater pain reduction in terms of NRS and VAS at the second week.

Conclusion: When comparing the NRS and VAS scores for pain alleviation, transforaminal is preferable to interlaminar because it delivers triamcinolone acetate to specific targets and is more successful than ILESI.
Utility of baseline D-dimer and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in predicting the severity among COVID-19 patients in an Indian cohort during the first wave of the pandemic
Authors: K. Reshma , H. B. Sridevi , Victor Dsouza Nikhil , K. Sudha , K. Vasavi , B. Unnikrishnan , Mithra Prasanna , Sudharkar Kotian Sannidhi , N. Khadilkar Urmila 
Published: September 2023

Introduction and Aim: COVID-19 outbreak was declared as pandemic by WHO Director-General on 11th March 2020 in his opening remarks at the media briefing. The global population infected by Corona virus appeared to be responding at different levels in the first wave which warranted WHO to categorise the disease as mild, moderate, and severe. Haematological, biochemical, and radiological parameters played a crucial role in critically triaging and following-up disease progression. Amongst various laboratory parameters, this work aimed to identify the most specific marker in predicting disease severity.

Materials and Methods: Blood samples from study population of 510 laboratory confirmed COVID-19 cases admitted in our hospital were selected. The patients who were classified as having mild, moderate, and severe disease were analysed for biochemical and haematological inflammatory markers. Results were analysed by ANOVA and post-hoc tests. ROC curves were derived to determine the cut-off values between severe and non-severe groups. Correlation between D-dimer and NLR was done by Pearson’s correlation.

Results: Patients with co-morbidities were likely to develop severe complications which could lead to poor outcome. From ROC curves, we determine that NLR, with highest area under curve, is the best marker of disease severity. A significant positive correlation was found between D-dimer and NLR (p=0.000) across groups. Baseline cut-off values for D-dimer and NLR based to differentiate between severe and non-severe cases were 0.5 and 4.875 respectively.

Conclusion: We conclude that baseline NLR is a simple and most useful tool that would assist clinicians in designing treatment strategies for a COVID-19 infected patient.
Comparison of clinical effectiveness of propofol auto co-induction and midazolam propofol co-induction using the priming principle among patients undergoing surgeries
Authors: Chaparala Chethana , Subramanian Anand , Balasubramaniya Balamurugan 
Published: September 2023

Introduction and Aim: Anaesthesia is a balance between adequate usage of anaesthetic drugs and the state of arousal of the patient. Inadequate dose of anaesthesia leads to increased incidence of awareness, while administration of generous drugs leads to complications such as hemodynamic instability and delayed recovery. The objective of the present study was to investigate the clinical effectiveness of propofol auto co-induction (PP) and midazolam propofol co-induction (PM) using the priming principle among patients undergoing surgeries.

Materials and Methods: A prospective, randomized and comparative study, recruited 80 patients who were admitted for elective surgeries was carried out after the approval from institutional ethics committee approval and the trial was registered with the clinical trial registry-India (CTRI). Patients were randomly divided into 2 groups: PP group, where patients received 0.4mg/kg of propofol and PM group, where patients received 0.05mg/kg of midazolam. This was followed by propofol induction (2 mg/kg)-10mg every 15 seconds until a BIS value of 45 was attained in both groups. The collected data was assessed for the normality using the Shapiro-Wilk test. A p-value greater than 0.05 (>0.05) was considered to check the normality. The Student’s t-test and Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyse parametric data and non-parametric data before and after the intervention, respectively.

Results: The results depicted a significantly reduced requirement of propofol (induction dose) in the PM group.

Conclusion: Pre-dosing with Midazolam significantly decreases the induction dose (propofol) requirement without affecting hemodynamic stability.
Gene expression of Interleukin-10 and Foxp3 as critical biomarkers in rheumatoid arthritis patients
Authors: M. Kh Al-Jumaily Rakad , I. AL-Sheakli Iman , J. Muhammed Haidar , Abdullah Lafttah Al-Rubaii Bahaa 
Published: September 2023

Introduction and Aim: Forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) are the key regulators controlling the activity of Treg cells, which are crucial for maintaining immune tolerance and reducing autoimmune reactions. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential utility of elevated levels of FOXP3 and IL-10 gene expression as a diagnostic indicator in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Materials and Methods: The study used quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to examine the expression levels of FOXP3 and IL-10 transcripts in whole blood samples from Iraqi patients with rheumatoid arthritis. A group of healthy control subjects were also included in the study.

Results: In blood samples taken from Iraqi patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis, a statistically significant decrease (P 0.01) in the expression levels of the FOXP3 gene and a statistically significant elevation (P 0.01) of IL-10 expression were seen in contrast to the healthy control group.

Conclusion: Rheumatoid arthritis patients in Iraq may benefit from FOXP3 and IL-10 gene expression tests. IL-10 and FOXP3 overexpression promotes T cell and immune system immunoreactivity.
Theoretical aspects of the technological classification of minimally invasive surgery in emergency surgery
Authors: Chapyev Myktybek , Abdyrahmanov Shayatbek , Toktogaziev Bakyt , Zhortuchiev Ruslan , Aknazarov Karimjan , Tagaev Tugolbai 
Published: September 2023

Introduction and Aim: Since minimally invasive techniques are being used more and more, new information sources are popping up. This means that the features of the system of emergency abdominal minimally invasive surgery (MIS) need to be studied. The objective of this study is to conduct a detailed analysis of technological manipulations in minimally invasive techniques used in emergency MIS on the abdominal organs.

Materials and Methods: Using the classification approach, it is clear that the traditional paradigms of classical surgery have an effect on how modern information is used to describe how minimally invasive techniques are used in emergency abdominal MIS. A system's analysis, processing, and interpretation must be taken into account while evaluating it, including technological advances used in emergency abdominal surgery.

Results: We were able to discover that interventions during procedures can be made using one or more minimally invasive techniques, according to our classification analysis.

Conclusion: This leads us to the conclusion that it is wise to consider the mentioned part while developing new kinds of minimally invasive techniques. The proposed classification is sure to play a part in clinical practice by bringing up several minimally invasive techniques that are often used in emergency abdominal MIS.