bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socioeconomic inequalities in young adulthood disrupt the immune transcriptomic landscape via upstream regulators
Authors: Ravi Sudharshan , Shanahan Michael J. , Levitt Brandt , Harris Kathleen Mullan , Cole Steven W. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Disparities in socio-economic status (SES) predict many immune system-related diseases, and previous research documents relationships between SES and the immune cell transcriptome. Drawing on a bioinformatically-informed network approach, we situate these findings in a broader molecular framework by examining the upstream regulators of SES-associated transcriptional alterations. Data come from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), a nationally representative sample of 4,543 adults in the United States. Results reveal a network—of differentially-expressed genes, transcription factors, and protein neighbors of transcription factors— that shows widespread SES-related dysregulation of the immune system. Mediational models suggest that body mass index plays a key role in accounting for many of these associations. Overall, the results reveal the central role of upstream regulators in socioeconomic differences in the molecular basis of immunity, which propagate to increase risk of chronic health conditions in later-life.
The Effectiveness of Very Low-Frequency Electromagnetics (VLF-EM) Method in Detecting Buried Targets at a Controlled Site
Authors: Alao Joseph Omeiza , Muyideen Lawal , Dewu Bala Bello Muhammad , Jimoh Raimi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The ever-increasing anthropogenic activities that pose a significant threat to environmental security and sustainability have spurred Geophysicists to enhance geophysical techniques for shallow geophysical investigations, especially in identifying illegal buried materials. This article applied very low-frequency electromagnetic (VLF-EM) at a controlled geophysical site (CGS) where several targets were buried to examine the geophysical response for environmental and engineering simulation. The VLF-EM data obtained on the natural ground (without buried targets) and buried ground along the same profiles demonstrate the nature of the anomalies and the characteristic signals generated by the site's natural ground and after various buried targets are installed. There are clear and significant anomalies source-bodied between the natural and buried ground. The result shows no major high equivalent current density (conductive media) or low equivalent current density (non-conductive media) across the natural ground. Several minors and major conductive and non-conductive zones were encountered after the installations of the buried targets corresponding to conductive and non-conductive buried targets. Some anomalies become stronger over the large conductivity and non-conductive buried targets. A reasonable position of the buried targets was determined by the VLF-EM method with positive matches and few significant mismatches in the actual depths of buried targets. However, there are some unexpected emergencies, where some non-conductive buried target generates high equivalent current density values indicating conductive media, while some conductive buried target produces low equivalent current density values indicating non-conductive body, especially for large spacing. Major and minor characteristic VLF-EM anomalies were obtained across all the survey profiles. The VLF-EM method is more consistent at small spacing and it can be very useful for identifying underground metallic and non-metallic targets.
The Importance of Prenatal Diagnosis for the Early Detection of Fetal Abnormalities in Rural Area
Authors: Wenang Supriyatiningsih , Febrianti Lidia , Nahdiyati Diyah , Bahlmann Franz 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background Prenatal diagnosis in rural area is a global challenges. The detection rate of congenital abnormalities is still increasing in rural areas due to delays of early detection during pregnancy. Therefore, community service was conducted through webinars to provide insight into the importance of prenatal diagnosis for pregnant women in rural area.Methods This is a pre-experimental study with 200 webinar participants of community service. Participants who were willing to fill out the questionnaire in google form were 100 people. The participants consisted of patients and non-patients of the PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Hospital Yogyakarta, Indonesia. They come from rural areas in the Regency of Kulon Progo and Sleman. The Pearson correlation analysis was used to correlate the 3 indicators with knowledge of the importance of prenatal diagnosis of the fetus in the womb.Results The importance of knowledge in early detection for fetal abnormalities and children's growth development, have a significance value of 0.000 each (p-value < 0.05). While the hospital services expectation has a significance value of 0.243 (p-value > 0.05).Conclusion Prenatal diagnosis in rural area is considered as an effort to increase early detection of fetal abnormalities and child development. The building of awareness of prenatal diagnosis begins with a positive expectations of the services at the hospital.
Is Arterial Spin Labeling necessarily low perfusion for cavernous sinus venous malformation? A case of hyperperfusion cavernous sinus venous malformation: a case report.
Authors: Luo Dan , Xiao Xin Lan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Generally, due to the influence of the skull base bone and gas, it is difficult to differentiate the imaging manifestations of extracerebral cavernous malformation and meningiomas in the cavernous sinus area. Cavernous sinus venous malformation is characterized by increased capillary masses without a direct arterial supply, typically leading to low perfusion. On the other hand, meningiomas receive arterial blood supply to the tumor and often exhibit high perfusion.Therefore, Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL) can be helpful in distinguishing between the two tumor types. However, in our specific case of a cavernous sinus venous malformation, ASL imaging showed hyperperfusion. Further analysis revealed that this hyperperfusion on ASL can occur when cavernous sinus venous malformation is associated with arteriovenous fistula malformation.
Endoscopic transaqueductal stent placement for tumors-related aqueductal compression in pediatric patients. Surgical consideration, technique, and results
Authors: Prajsnar-Borak Anna , Schroeder Henry W.S. , Oertel Joachim 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose:
Endoscopic transaqueductal stenting has become a well-accepted treatment option for a selected small subset of aqueductal stenosis-related obstructive hydrocephalus. However, transaqueductal stenting poses unique challenges and risks which requires critical consideration. This report discusses the clinical experiences with tranaqueductal stenting for periaqueductal tumor-related aqueductal stenosis focusing on pediatric patients.
Methods:
A retrospective analysis of all patients undergoing endoscopic TAS from 01/1993–01/2022 in the author’s departments was performed. Demographic, clinical, radiological, and intraoperative endoscopic data were evaluated. All patients with AS-related occlusive hydrocephalus that was treated with TAS were analyzed and prospectively followed. Special attention has been given to providing insights into indications, surgical technique, and limitations.
Results:
Out of 28 endoscopic transaqueductal endoscopis stenting procedures, five procedures were performed on periaqueductal tumor-related obstructive hydrocephalus, two children and three adult patients. CSF pathway was obstructed by tumor located in the aqueduct in 2, by tumor in the thalamus/mesencephalon in 1, by a tumor within the third ventricle in 1 and by a tumor of the lamina tecti in 1. Simultaneously with transaqueductal stenting, 2 endoscopic third ventriculostomies (ETV), 3 tumor biopsies, 1 tumor resection were performed. Postoperative complications included; CSF fistula (1 case), and asymptomatic fornix contusion (1 case). A working aqueductal stent was achieved in all cases based on clinical follow up evaluation. Postoperatively, all patients showed improvement or resolution of their symptoms. The mean follow-up period was 25,2 months (range, 1–108 months). One patient died due to tumor progression during early follow up. No stent migration was seen.
Conclusion:
Endoscopic third ventriculostomy remains the gold standard for treatment of CSF circulation obstrctions with lesions in the posterior third ventricle and aqueduct. Transaqueductal stenting for periaqueductal tumors-related aqueductal compression is technically feasible. However, because of the potential high risks and subtle advantages compared with ETV transaqueductal stenting might be indicated in a small subset of well-selected patients if alternative treatment options are not at hand.
Coastal wetlands of Indus River Delta are under risk due to reclamation: A spatiotemporal analysis during the past 50 years from 1972 to 2022
Authors: Laghari Yaseen , Bai Shibiao , Leghari Shah Jahan , Wei Wenjing , Laghari Abdul Hafeez 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Coastal wetlands are the most productive and biologically diverse ecosystems, benefiting both human populations and the total environment. However, they are continuously threatened by anthropogenic activities. The Indus River Delta, the 6th largest in the world, has been adversely affected due to reclamation. We examined the spatiotemporal dynamics of coastal wetlands and reclamation in the Indus River Delta from 1972 to 2022. Wetlands conversion to reclamation was extracted from 6-Landsat images. Land cover transfer matrix was used to analyze land use land cover (LULC) changes in different time intervals. Area-weight centroid was constructed to determine the migration trend of reclamation and coastal wetlands. Spatial accurateness was assessed using Producer's Accuracy (PA), User Accuracy (UA), and KAPPA coefficient (KC). Our results reveled that from the 1972 to 2022, the net area of natural wetlands declined by 1.9% (26.1 km2), while reclamation (settlement and cultivated land) increased by 14.7% (200.1 km2), and 27.5% (373.5 km2), respectively. The fastest areal change rate for coastal wetlands was − 1.1 km2/yr from 2012 to 2022, whereas the fastest areal change rate for settlement and cultivated land were 7.6 km2/yr from 1992 to 2002 and 28.6 km2/yr from 2012 to 2022. Centroids of wetlands moved slowly eastwards from Kharo Chan taluka to Keti Bandar in the first and third decades, then southwards in the second decade, later on, westwards in the fourth decade, and finally back southwards from Keti Bandar taluka to the Kharo Chan in the fifth decade with fastest movement. Centroids of settlement expanded slowly in all directions over five decades. Centroids of cultivated land migrated westwards in the first, third, and fourth decades, northwards in the second decade, and southwards in the fifth decade from Keti Bandar to Kharo Chan. The findings of this study would provide a scientific basis for sustainable land development.
DPSIR modeling to evaluate and analyze Iran's energy security
Authors: Esmaeili Hanif , Almassi Morteza , Ghahderijani Mohammad 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Energy security has become an increasing concern for many countries, policymakers, and decision-makers. Beyond the environmental challenges of fossil energy sources, energy security remains a prominent concern for economic development. Therefore, evaluating energy security can be a valuable tool for policy formulation. This article models the energy security of Iran using the DPSIR framework. The period under study is from 2012 to 2021. The dimensions of this framework include five aspects: driving forces, pressures, status, impacts, and responses. The TOPSIS model with entropy weighting is used to calculate the weights of indices and ultimately determine the final energy security. The research findings indicate that throughout the examined period, there have been fluctuations in the trend. However, Iran's energy security has been bullish and has reached 0.61 in 2021 from 0.38 in 2012. The indicators of driving forces and impacts have enhanced energy security threats. International sanctions, population growth, urbanization, reliance on fossil fuel consumption, and the emission of environmental pollutants were the most influential factors contributing to decreased energy security. Iran requires the implementation of suitable strategies for long-term control of these factors.
Serum Vitamin D concentration and anthropometric indicators of adiposity in Iranian adults: A cross- sectional study
Authors: Ashraf Haleh , Maghbouli Nastaran , Abolhasani Maryam , Zandi Nadia , Nematizadeh Mehran , Omidi Negar , Davoodi Gholamreza , Boroumand Mohammad Ali , Ali Jemal Haidar 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background:This study sought to determine the accuracy of several anthropometric parameters in association with serum vitamin D (Vit. D) Concentrations and to compare the novel indices with the ancient ones.
Methods: A total of 947 patients referred to the cardiology clinic were evaluated through a cross-sectional study. Data on demographic information, anthropometric indices, and biochemical measurements were gathered using a checklist. Both the multivariable regression modeling and area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) were employed for the analysis.
Results:Considering novel indices, BRI (Body Roundness Index) showed the most powerful correlation with serum Vit. D levels among both genders. Among ancient indices, WC (Waist Circumference) had the strongest association in both men and women groups. Based on the confounding factors-adjusted model, the highest odds ratio (OR) for the presence of Vit. D deficiency belonged to WHtR (Waist to Height Ratio) in women (OR, 0.347 (0.171-0.704) , P=0.003) while none of the indices predicted Vit. D deficiency significantly among men. A Vit. D concentration of 4.55 ng/ml was found as a cutoff based on the metabolic syndrome status.
Conclusion: The most powerful association with serum Vit. D levels was detected for BRI in both genders among newly developed indices. In addition, only WHtR predicted Vit. D deficiency independent of confounding factors among women.
Differentiation between cerebral alveolar echinococcosis and brain metastases with radiomics combined machine learning approach
Authors: Yimit Yasen , Yasin Parhat , Tuerxun Abuduresuli , Abulizi Abudoukeyoumujiang , Jia Wenxiao , Wang Yunling , Nijiati Maydil 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Cerebral alveolar echinococcosis (CAE) and brain metastases (BM) are similar in locations and imaging appearance. While, CAE is usually treated with chemotherapy and surgical treatment, BM is often treated with radiotherapy and targeted primary malignancy treatment. Accurate diagnosis is critical due to the vastly different treatment approaches for these conditions.
Purpose
This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of radiomics and machine learning approaches on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in distinguishing CAE and BM.
Methods
We have retrospectively analyzed MRI images of 130 patients (30 CAE, 100 BM, training set = 91, testing set = 39) who confirmed CAE or BM in Xinjiang medical university's first affiliated hospital from January 2014 to December 2022. Three dimensional tumors were segmented by radiologists from contrast-enhanced T1WI images on open resources software 3D Slicer. Features were extracted on Pyradiomics, further feature reduction was carried out using univariate analysis, correlation analysis, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). Finally, we built five machine learning models, support vector machine, logistic regression, linear discrimination analysis, KNeighbors classifier, and Gaussian NB and evaluated their performance via several metrics including sensitivity (recall), specificity, positive predictive value (precision), negative predictive value, accuracy and the area under the curve (AUC).
Results
The area under curve (AUC) of SVC, LR, LDA, KNN, and NB algorithms in training (testing) sets are 0.99 (0.94), 1.00 (0.87), 0.98 (0.92), 0.97 (0.97), and 0.98 (0.93) respectively. Nested cross-validation demonstrated the robustness and generalizability of the models. Additionally, the calibration plot and decision curve analysis demonstrated the practical usefulness of these models in clinical practice, with lower bias toward different subgroups during decision-making.
Conclusion
The combination of radiomics and machine learning approach on contrast enhanced T1WI images could well distinguish CAE and BM. This approach holds promise in assisting doctors with accurate diagnosis and clinical decision-making
Using scent to enhance captive welfare and breeding in a zoo-housed endangered lemur species.
Authors: Fontani Sara , Glendewar Gale , Callagan Georgia , Costantini Anna Beatrice , Marliani Giovanna , Palframan Matthew , Vaglio Stefano 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe Alaotran gentle lemur is one of the most endangered primates in the world and shows a low success rate in captive breeding programmes. We tested a novel scent enrichment, made up of a synthesized mixture potentially conveying information about female fertility, on four unsuccessful breeding pairs (n = 8) hosted at Jersey, Birmingham, London (UK) and Mulhouse (France) zoos. We evaluated the effects of the scent enrichment combining behavioural observations (n = 515 hours) with faecal endocrinology (cortisol and testosterone measurements) (n = 180 samples). We did not find any significant change in affiliative behaviours, while aggressive and abnormal behaviours were rarely observed. However, we found a significant increase of both male and female olfactory behaviours during the enrichment condition, with females performing these behaviours significantly less than males. We also found that sexual behaviours significantly increased over the enrichment period. Conversely, we did not find any significant change related to enrichment in cortisol and testosterone levels. Our findings show little effectiveness by our scent enrichment, which is likely due to shortfalls with regards to fertile odour sampling. However, our results also highlight that biologically relevant odour signals may trigger natural species-specific behaviours, with potential implications for management and conservation breeding of zoo-based endangered species.
Modulation of E-cadherin and Histone Deacetylase via miR-34c in Epidermoid Carcinoma and Tongue Cancer
Authors: Omar Shaimaa , Abdel-Ghany Shaimaa , -Latif Ghada A Abd , Gamil Yasmine , Mohamed Radwa , Refaat Marwa , El-hamid Jomana Abd , Sabit Hussein 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a type of cancer that starts in the squamous cells that line the mouth. It is the most common type of head and neck cancer and accounts for about 90% of all head and neck cancers. MiR-34c is reported as a member of the p53 pathway that may function to disrupt the cell cycle as a result of DNA damage. Thus, understanding the role of this microRNA in the progression of OSCC becomes mandatory.
Materia and Methods: The present study investigated the expression profile of miR-34c in patients with well-differentiated OSCC compared to tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC25) and human epidermoid carcinoma (A253) cells. A total of 25 cases of tissue samples (10 normal oral mucosal tissue and 15 well-differentiated OSCC) were studied for miR-34c expression by qPCR. SCC25 and A253 cells were transfected with miR34c-5p expressing plasmid. Post transfection, cells were tested for DNA content, apoptosis, and E-cadherin expression.
Results: The expression profile of miR-34c was significantly lower in patients with well-differentiated OSCC compared to normal oral mucosal tissues (P = 0.000). Transfection of SCC25 cells and A253 cells with miR-34c induced cell cycle arrest, and resulted in a significant elevation in apoptosis (P= 0.000). Additionally, the expression of E-cadherin was enhanced in OSCC compared to the control, with a significant decrease in the expression of all tested HDACs. Transfection of miR-34c-5p enhanced by ultrasound significantly forced cell cycle arrest and increased the apoptosis levels, indicating the role of miR-34c-5p in controlling the malignant behavior of OSCC.
Conclusion: miR-34c could be an important tumor suppressor in oral malignancy, and miRNA34c mimics might be a reliable approach to combat OSCC.
Clinical relevance:Understanding the molecular functions of different types of miRNAs gives a deeper insight into understanding, and hence combating cancers such as OSCC. This might help minimize the invasive interventional treatments.
Research Landscape of Energy Transition and Green Finance: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Xu Jiahui , Liu Qian , Wider Walton , An Zhida 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study utilizes bibliometric analysis to examine historical and present research patterns in the realms of energy transition and green finance and to forecast potential future domains. Using the bibliometric method, 328 scholarly articles from the Web of Science database were evaluated. This paper identifies influential publications, maps the research landscape, and forecasts emerging tendencies through co-citation and co-word analyses. Co-citation analysis found three main clusters, whilst co-word scrutiny revealed four main clusters. Despite the growing significance of research on energy transition and green finance research, further in-depth investigation is necessary to offer a thorough depiction of the research domain. This research represents a pioneering endeavour in the utilization of bibliometric analysis to investigate the interrelationship between two items. It offers valuable insights into the rapidly expanding field of energy transition and green finance, effectively highlighting its contours and indicating potential future developments.
Regulation mechanism of δ15N in alpine meadow plants and soil of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau under nitrogen addition
Authors: xiang xuemei , DE KEJIA , lin weishan , Tingxu FENG , Fei Li , Xijie WEI , Wei WANG 
Published: September 2023

Abstractδ15N values in plants and soils can effectively help understand nitrogen cycling in ecosystems, however the driving factors and mechanisms of nitrogen cycling in alpine meadow ecosystems of the Three-River Source region are largely unknown, especially under different nitrogen form additions. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a15N tracer field micro-plot experiment from June 2020 to September 2022 at an alpine meadow site in Qinghai Province, China, with three nitrogen forms added ((15NH4)2SO4, Ca(15NO3)2, and CO(15NH2)2) to calculate corresponding δ15Nplant and δ15Nsoil values. The results showed that (1) under different nitrogen form additions, δ15Nplant, δ15Nsoil, soil and vegetation properties all exhibited significant differences, with CO(15NH2)2addition resulting in markedly higher δ15Nplant, δ15Nsoil, total soil N, plant total N, and plant biomass compared to (15NH4)2SO4and Ca(15NO3)2treatments, while Shannon-Wiener diversity and Margalef richness indices reached maximum values under Ca(15NO3)2addition. (2) The most influential variables for δ15Nplant and δ15Nsoil were Shannon-Wiener index and mean annual temperature under (15NH4)2SO4addition, plant biomass and plant total N under Ca(15NO3)2addition, and plant total N and mean annual temperature under CO(15NH2)2addition. Overall, this study highlights the complexity of climate, soil and plant factors influencing δ15Nplant and δ15Nsoil under different nitrogen form additions, providing a theoretical basis for the mechanisms of δ15Nplant and δ15Nsoil variation in alpine meadow ecosystems of the Three-River Source region.