bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamique des forêts communautaires dans la région du Centre-Ouest du Burkina Faso : cas de la commune rurale de Siglé
Authors: Tiamiyu Kasimou , Yaméogo Joseph , Sanou Korotimi , Yanogo Pawendkisgou Isidore 
Published: May 2023

Au Burkina Faso, les riverains initient des actions pour entretenir les espaces de conservation. La présente étude visait à évaluer les actions des populations de la commune de Siglé en matière de conservation des forêts communautaires à travers la dynamique de ces dernières. À cet effet, la méthode mixte a été adoptée pour la collecte des données. La base de données sur l'occupation des terres (BDOT),1992, 2002, 2012 et une image satellite sentinelle 2020 ont été utilisées pour étudier la dynamique du couvert végétal des forêts. Un total de 250 ménages a été interrogés via des questionnaires pour apprécier la perception des communautés locales de cette dynamique. Quatre entretiens ont aussi été réalisés avec les autorités locales et deux focus groups avec les comités de gestion forestière. Le traitement des données collectées révèle une augmentation du couvert végétal des forêts de Dassissé (+0,28%) et de Nafourgo (+40,03%). Toutefois, dans la forêt de Siglé, le couvert végétal est en régression. Cette dynamique est le résultat de la gestion différenciée des acteurs qui composent les comités de gestion desdites forêts. Ainsi, les autorités communales doivent encourager le comité de gestion de la forêt de Siglé à s’impliquer davantage dans la conservation de sa forêt au regard de son état de dégradation.

English title: Dynamics of community forests in the center-west region of Burkina Faso : case of the rural commune of Sigle
In Burkina Faso, local residents initiate actions to maintain conservation areas. This study aims to evaluate the actions of the populations of the municipality of Siglé in the conservation of community forests through the dynamics of the latter. To this end, the mixed method was adopted for data collection. The Land Cover Database (BDOT), 1992, 2002, 2012 and a 2020 Sentinel satellite image were used to study the dynamics of forest land cover. A total of 250 households were interviewed via questionnaires. Four interviews were also conducted with local authorities and two focus groups with forest management committees. The processing of the data collected reveals an increase in the vegetation cover of the forests of Dassissé (+0.28%) and Nafourgo (+40.03%). However, in the forest of Siglé, the vegetation cover is in decline. This dynamic is the result of the differentiated management dynamic of the actors who make up the management committees of the said forests. Thus, the municipal authorities must encourage the Siglé forest management committee to become more involved in the conservation of its forest in view of its state of degradation.
A Scoping Review of Epidural Spinal Cord Stimulation for Improving Motor and Voiding Function Following Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: D’hondt Nina , Marcial Karmi Margaret , Mittal Nimish , Costanzi Matteo , Hoydonckx Yasmine , Kumar Pranab , Englesakis Marina F. , Burns Anthony , Bhatia Anuj 
Published: May 2023

Objectives
To identify and synthesize the existing evidence on the effectiveness and safety of epidural spinal cord stimulation (SCS) for improving motor and voiding function and reducing spasticity following spinal cord injury (SCI).

Methods
This scoping review was performed according to the framework of Arksey and O’Malley. Comprehensive serial searches in multiple databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, LILACS, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus) were performed to identify relevant publications that focused on epidural SCS for improving motor function, including spasticity, and voiding deficits in individuals with SCI.

Results
Data from 13 case series including 88 individuals with complete or incomplete SCI (American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale [AIS] grade A to D) were included. In 12 studies of individuals with SCI, the majority (83 out of 88) demonstrated a variable degree of improvement in volitional motor function with epidural SCS. Two studies, incorporating 27 participants, demonstrated a significant reduction in spasticity with SCS. Two small studies consisting of five and two participants, respectively, demonstrated improved supraspinal control of volitional micturition with SCS.

Conclusion
Epidural SCS can enhance central pattern generator activity and lower motor neuron excitability in individuals with SCI. The observed effects of epidural SCS following SCI suggest that the preservation of supraspinal transmission is sufficient for the recovery of volitional motor and voiding function, even in patients with complete SCI. Further research is warranted to evaluate and optimize the parameters for epidural SCS and their impact on individuals with differing degrees of severity of SCI.
Determinants of Labor Demand in Somalia
Authors: Awale Abdirahim Abdullahi 
Published: May 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the determinants of labor demand in Somalia.
Methodology: The ordinary least square method (regression analysis) was utilized in the analysis of the data. Regression analysis is a tool commonly utilized in the determining of the existence of a relationship between variables; using historical data. The simple regression function employed consisted of one dependent variable and three independent variables. The dependent variable was employment, and the independent variables were gross domestic product, export and investment. In addition, descriptive statistics were utilized in the analysis of the data. Graphs were also used in the study to represent the data. The study used secondary data from the World Bank, IMF, and SESRIC in the rage of 45 years from 1970 to 2015. The study used the efficiency wage model to develop the determinants of labor demand.
Findings: The study found that there is a positive relationship between gross domestic product and employment of Somalia. That means, if gross domestic product increase employment will also increase. The study also found that there was a positive and statically significant between investment and employment in Somalia, and that there was a positive and statically insignificant between export and and employment in Somalia.
Recommendation: This study recommends that the policy should make policies that attract foreigners and Somali people living in other countries to invest Somalia, because investment plays an important role in determining the level of employment. To achieve these policies, first, the government should focus on the ensuring the security of the country because the main challenge affecting foreigners is insecurity.
Penerapan Unified Modelling Language Untuk Pemodelan Sistem Custommer Relationship Management
Authors: Wijiyanto Wijiyanto , Nurohman Nurohman 
Published: May 2023

Pemodelan adalah bagian tahapan yang sangat diperlukan untuk membangun sebuah sistem informasi. Pemodelan ini mengambarkan rencangan awal terhadap sebuah sistem informasi yang akan dibangun. Salah satunya adalah untuk membuat pemodelan sistem Customer Relationship Management (CRM) yang dapat dimanfaatkan oleh pelaku Usaha Kecil Menengah (UKM) yang memiliki persaingan yang sangat ketat saat ini dalam rangka untuk menjaga pelangganya agar tetap bertransaksi dan puas dengan UKM-nya. Dalam pemodelan sistem CRM ini digunakan Unified Modelling Language (UML) yang sesuai dengan pengembangan sistem berbasis objek saat ini. Hasil dari pemodelan sistem ini dimulai dari penentuan orang atau bagian yang terlibat dalam sistem (aktor), diagram use case untuk menggambarkan sistem yang dapat diakses oleh user, diagram activity yang menjelaskan setiap kegiatan dalam sistem serta diagram class untuk menjelaskan struktur dari sistem yang mulai dikembangkan
Interdisciplinary Trends in the Reintegration of Organisms with Perceptron Units
Authors: Deng Yuxuan , Li Zhangyue , Chen Junpeng 
Published: May 2023

Various artificial algorithms have emerged from imitating the behavior of primitive cells. Despite their independent development, these algorithms still have the potential to integrate with the intelligence of the primitive biological cells and control their behavior. Research on biologically inspired intelligence emerged earlier, with the goal of combining algorithms with the inherent intelligence of living organisms. When microbial behavior meets the requirements of the algorithm, such microorganisms can be used as a carrier for computation. This review analyzes the shortcomings of this approach and points out potential directions for development, including using existing structures inside cells to simulate control systems such as circuits, in order to construct cells that fully satisfy the needs of the algorithm. However, when using classical control systems to achieve the goal, it is necessary to construct a fairly complex internal cell structure, and this review analyzes the shortcomings of this approach. Subsequently, by analyzing recent research, this review points out the latest novel research direction, in which some scholars attempt to construct artificial cell structures to directly achieve the function of the algorithm by building low-implementation-difficulty internal control systems in cells. However, there are still some problems to be solved, and this review summarizes the relevant research and briefly discusses the current theoretical challenges.

Received: 3 April 2023 | Revised: 17 May 2023 | Accepted: 25 May 2023

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.
Perceived risk and demographic factors on consumers’ choice in times of crisis
Authors: Wu Ming-Yi 
Published: May 2023

A fim de desenvolver estratégias de comunicação eficazes durante as crises, este estudo explora como fatores psicológicos (por exemplo, risco percebido) e variáveis demográficas afetam a escolha dos canais de consumo dos consumidores durante o período de reabertura de negócios em meio à pandemia de COVID-19, analisando dados de pesquisa coletados de 1.033 Adultos dos EUA com análise preditiva. Há uma série de descobertas importantes. Em primeiro lugar, os resultados da análise de cluster sugeriram que os consumidores dos EUA podem ser categorizados em dois grupos, alto risco percebido e grupo de alta preocupação, e baixo risco percebido e grupo de baixa preocupação. A associação ao cluster está associada a gênero, etnia e renda familiar. Em segundo lugar, os resultados da análise da árvore de decisão mostraram que o risco percebido para entrega e retirada de comida é o fator mais importante que prediz os comportamentos dos consumidores em relação aos pedidos de entrega e de retirada de comida. Em terceiro lugar, os resultados da análise da árvore de decisão sugeriram que o risco percebido para as atividades de consumo dentro da loja é o preditor mais importante para prever as atividades de consumo na loja, como visitar uma loja de varejo que não seja mercearia e sair para comer. Os resultados deste estudo suportam a teoria demográfica do consumidor e a teoria do risco percebido pelo consumidor. São fornecidas sugestões práticas sobre como minimizar os riscos percebidos com estratégias eficazes de comunicação de crise.
SOCIAL MEDIA AS A THREAT TO NATIONAL SECURITY: A CASE STUDY OF TWITTER IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Abd Saad Al 
Published: May 2023

Social media has evolved significantly over the years while providing strategic platforms for voices to reach billions of people within no time. Accordingly, it has advantages and disadvantages (threats). The nature of threats emanating from social media, especially Twitter, in the context of Pakistan, are mainly in the form of radicalization, glorification of terrorist groups, propagation of violent sub-nationalism and hybrid warfare. Though Pakistan has been relatively active after 2020 in responding to social media challenges, implementing social media regulations remains an issue, especially when most social media platforms are foreign in origin. This paper evaluates the interlinkage of social media and national security in the context of Pakistan while exploring how agents of insecurity and instability exploit social media and what response mechanism the state has placed to mitigate these threats. The paper is a qualitative inquiry using primary and secondary sources to answer these questions. The research findings suggest marginal securitization of social media, albeit without significant implementation.

Bibliography Entry
Al Abd, Saad. 2022. "Social Media as a Threat to National Security: A Case Study of Twitter in Pakistan." Margalla Papers 26 (2): 96-107.
LITERATURE REVIEW WET CUPPING TECHNIQUE ON URIC ACID LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERURICEMIA
Authors: Firdaus Firdaus , Hasina Hasina , Hilmi Arif 
Published: May 2023

Uric acid is an acid that is formed as a result of purine metabolism in the body. Higher levels of uric acid in the blood will cause an inflammatory reaction or inflammation that causes swelling, redness, and pain. The prevalence of suffering from uric acid (gout) in Dharmas Raya is 754 elderly Indonesians. The purpose of the literature review is to review the effect of cupping on gout. The literature review is carried out based on issues. In the literature review, this journal uses an average of 5 research journals using pre-experimental with pre-test - post-test design. The literature review strategy according to the PICO and the journals used for the literature review was obtained through data from national and international journal providers through Google Scientist.: Based on 5 studies it was found that one of the results was obtained. The statistical analysis used in this study is statistical analysis. paired t-test. Uric acid levels before and after cupping therapy were 4.91 and 4.33, respectively. Based on the t-test of differences in blood uric acid levels before and after cupping therapy, the value of t = 2.46 (p = 0.02) p-value is smaller than (a = 0.05) this indicates that there is a difference in blood acid levels before and after cupping therapy significantly.
From these 5 journal studies, it can be said that wet cupping therapy can reduce uric acid levels.
EVALUATING THE PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF LOVASTATIN AGAINST DOXORUBICIN INDUCED CARDIOTOXICITY IN balb-c MICE
Authors: Sikandar Abeera , Khalida Ajmal  , Ayesha Afzal  , Saima Rafique  , Ayman Zafar  , Tahira Tehseen  
Published: May 2023

Background: Doxorubicin is one of the most commonly used anti-cancer drugs that treat a large number of haematological and solid malignancies. Its usage in dose and duration is nevertheless restricted by dose related organ damage, particularly cardiotoxicity. Lovastatin is a commonly prescribed drug for hypercholesterolemia and possesses remarkable antioxidant potential. Our study was aimed at evaluating and comparing its cardioprotective effect in two pre-treatment schedules against doxorubicin-induced cardiac damage. Methods: In this lab-based randomized controlled experiment, 40 BALB/c mice were randomly grouped into five groups (n=8). Group 1 served as control whereas Group 2 was given doxorubicin intraperitoneally at a dose of 10mg/kg. Group 3 received 10mg/kg of oral lovastatin for five days. Groups 4 and 5 were administered lovastatin for five and ten consecutive days correspondingly and doxorubicin was given on 3rd and 8th experimental days of these groups. Results: Doxorubicin caused a significant rise in cardiac enzymes; Creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) (p-value ‰¤0.0001) whereas cardiac histological alterations were ranked as moderate. The damage was significantly attenuated by lovastatin in the ten-day study design with a p-value of ‰¤0.001 for both LDH and CK-MB whereas a slightly less efficient restoration was observed in the five-day design with p-value of ‰¤0.001 for LDH and 0.012 for CK-MB. Histological preservation in both pre-treatment schedules was in accordance with the biological markers. Conclusion: In doxorubicin-based regimens, pretreatment for at least seven days with an easily available and safe statin can effectively prevent its potentially life-threatening cardiotoxicity.
SNODGRASS HYPOSPADIAS REPAIR AT AYUB TEACHING HOSPITAL: AN AUDIT OF COMPLICATIONS AND OUTCOMES
Authors: Shawana Asad  , Fawad Ahmed Khan  , Sher Ali  , Khan Hafizullah , Hina Rafaqat  , Irfan Khattak  
Published: May 2023

Background: There are many reported techniques for the repair of hypospadias, and new ones are being reported, which suggests that none is perfect. This study reports the anatomical success rate when using Snodgrass Technique. Methods: In this descriptive case series, 296 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria, by being treated by Snodgrass urethroplasty, were enrolled. The study was conducted at the Department of Surgery, Unit-C, MTI, Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad between May 2008 and June 2021. Results: Mean age of the patients was 2.4±.8 years, 79.7% (n=236) had anterior (glanular, coronal, sub coronal) meatal location and 20.3 % (n=60) had middle urethral meatus (distal & mid-shaft). The mean operative time was 52 min. 5.1% of patients developed neo-meatal stenosis (n=15), 7.1% (n=21) patients develop a urethral-cutaneous fistula (compared to 5% in larger centers, 16% from smaller centers), 11.8% (n=35) developed wound infection, 2% (n=6) had complete disruption. Follow-up: The cosmetic appearance of the penis was excellent/good (shape of meatus was slit-like and vertically oriented) in 60.1% (n=178) patients, acceptable in 30.1% (n=89), and not acceptable in 9.8% (n=29). Conclusion: Snodgrass technique has a low complication rate, offers an acceptable cosmetic outcome and can be successfully applied to a wide range of defects from distal to mid-shaft hypospadias. Common complications include urethral-cutaneous fistula and meatal stenosis; both occur in a low and acceptable number of patients.
De geografische reikwijdte van een enkele voortdurende inbreuk
Authors: Oostenbrink Friso 
Published: May 2023

De geografische reikwijdte van een enkele voortdurende inbreuk
Met het vaststellen van een enkele voortdurende inbreuk (single continuous infringement) kunnen verschillende mededingingsbeperkende gedragingen die worden gekenmerkt door een gemeenschappelijk doel als één overtreding worden bestraft. De enkele voortdurende inbreuk is in de literatuur over het algemeen aangemerkt als een puur formele rechtsfiguur. Dit artikel betoogt echter dat het vaststellen van een enkele voortdurende inbreuk materiële implicaties heeft, hetgeen meebrengt dat ook gedragingen die geen (directe) impact hebben op de Europese markt toch onder het kartelverbod van artikel 101 VWEU en het daaruit voortvloeiende recht op vergoeding van schade vallen. Dat kan grote gevolgen hebben voor de privaatrechtelijke aansprakelijkheid van ondernemingen bij wereldwijde kartels.
Narratieve scenario-ontwikkeling ter ondersteuning van de witte keten tijdens de COVID-19-pandemie: een praktijkgericht stappenplan
Authors: Mellaard Arne , Bal Jos , de Jonge Ester 
Published: May 2023

Narrative scenario development in support of the white chain during the COVID-19 pandemic: a hands-on roadmap
The world has been in the grip of the COVID-19 crisis for a long time. As the course of the crisis was surrounded by uncertainties, the impact on the public health sector and acute and non-acute care organisations fluctuated as well. Crisis experts from the organisation for Medical Assistance at Accidents and Disasters (in Dutch: GHOR) are used to develop short-term scenarios with high levels of uncertainty. In contrast, health experts from Municipal Health Services (in Dutch: GGD’s) are used to develop long-term scenarios with lower levels of uncertainty. To use each other’s expertise, these organisations merged into a combined crisis organisation in the southern region of the South Holland province. Inspired by the theory of sensemaking, a roadmap was developed to describe both short-term and long-term scenarios.The primary aim of this scenario roadmap is to help healthcare professionals deal with uncertainties during a pandemic’s complex, continuously changing, and long-term situation. It helps to create order in the continuous flow of information and encourages action. The approach consists of six steps. At different time points, time- and context-specific themes are determined (step 1). Subsequently, associated uncertainties are identified for each theme (step 2). In collaboration with healthcare professionals, the GGD GHOR team attempts to make sense of social or political developments relevant to this theme in storylines (step 3). Storylines are jointly translated into action perspectives, such as ‘being prepared for the new wave’ (step 4). Lastly, action perspectives are translated into concrete actions (step 5). If necessary, decisions are made (step 6). The approach does not aim to predict an absolute truth but rather to construct an imaginable future that matches the perceptions of both GGD GHOR and healthcare professionals. The model approach is flexible, allows quantitative as well as qualitative input, and might result in acute actions and long-term plans.
METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS E TECNOLOGIA: EXPLORANDO A INTEGRAÇÃO NA EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Cabral Marcos Vinicius Afonso , De Lima Alexssander Gonçalves , De Souza Alcione Santos , Loureiro Valéria Jane Siqueira , Rodrigues Marcelo Costa , Macedo Péricles de Souza , Vale Ricardo Ferreira , Turra Michelle , De Queiroz Patrícia Pereira Novais 
Published: May 2023

Este artigo visa examinar a integração de metodologias ativas e tecnologia no contexto educacional. Inicialmente, são apresentados os conceitos de metodologias ativas e tecnologia, destacando suas potencialidades no processo ensino-aprendizagem. Em seguida, com base nas contribuições dos autores Soares e Alves (2020), Moran (2013) e Prezotto (2015) discutem-se as vantagens e os desafios de utilizar essas abordagens em conjunto, considerando a necessidade de promover uma educação mais engajadora e alinhada às demandas contemporâneas. São apresentados exemplos de práticas pedagógicas que integram metodologias ativas e tecnologia, e seus resultados positivos são evidenciados. Por fim, levantam-se reflexões sobre as perspectivas futuras dessa integração e a importância do investimento na formação docente para o uso efetivo dessas abordagens. Em síntese, este artigo destaca a importância da combinação de metodologias ativas e tecnologia para melhorar a qualidade da educação. O texto apresenta várias perspectivas sobre as vantagens e os desafios dessas duas abordagens combinadas. As metodologias ativas se concentram em envolver os alunos por meio de experiências práticas e aprendizagem colaborativa, enquanto a tecnologia oferece oportunidades para aprimorar o aprendizado por meio de recursos multimídia e digitais. O artigo fornece exemplos de como essas abordagens podem ser usadas efetivamente e uma visão geral das direções futuras da implementação dessa abordagem combinada. O artigo conclui que a integração efetiva de metodologias ativas e tecnologia requer investimentos em treinamento, recursos e infraestrutura adequados para professores e alunos.