bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genotypic resistance determined by whole genome sequencing versus phenotypic resistance in 234 Escherichia coli isolates
Authors: Vanstokstraeten R. , Piérard D. , Crombé F. , De Geyter D. , Wybo I. , Muyldermans A. , Seyler L. , Caljon B. , Janssen T. , Demuyser T. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWhole genome sequencing (WGS) enables detailed characterization of bacteria at single nucleotide resolution. It provides data about acquired resistance genes and mutations leading to resistance. Although WGS is becoming an essential tool to predict resistance patterns accurately, comparing genotype to phenotype with WGS is still in its infancy. Additional data and validation are needed. In this retrospective study, we analysed 234 E. coli isolates from positive blood cultures using WGS as well as microdilution for 11 clinically relevant antibiotics, to compare the two techniques. We performed whole genome sequencing analyses on 234 blood culture isolates (genotype) to detect acquired antibiotic resistance. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for E. coli were performed for amoxicillin, cefepime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, meropenem, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, piperacillin/tazobactam, amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, and ciprofloxacin, using the ISO 20776-1 standard broth microdilution method as recommended by EUCAST (phenotype). We then compared the two methods for statistical ‘agreement’. A perfect (100%) categorical agreement between genotype and phenotype was observed for gentamicin and meropenem. However, no resistance to meropenem was observed. A high categorical agreement (> 95%) was observed for amoxicillin, cefepime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, amikacin, and tobramycin. A categorical agreement lower than 95% was observed for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, piperacillin/tazobactam, and ciprofloxacin. Most discrepancies occurred in isolates with MICs within ± 1 doubling dilution of the breakpoint and 22.73% of the major errors were samples that tested phenotypically susceptible at higher antibiotic exposure and were therefore considered as ‘not resistant’. This study shows that WGS can be used as a valuable tool to predict phenotypic resistance against most of the clinically relevant antibiotics used for the treatment of E. coli bloodstream infections.
Mechanisms associated with t(7;12) acute myeloid leukaemia: from genetics to potential treatment targets
Authors: Ragusa Denise , Dijkhuis Liza , Pina Cristina , Tosi Sabrina 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), typically a disease of elderly adults, affects 8 children per million each year, with the highest paediatric incidence in infants aged 0–2 of 18 per million. Recurrent cytogenetic abnormalities contribute to leukaemia pathogenesis and are an important determinant of leukaemia classification. The t(7;12)(q36;p13) translocation is a high-risk AML subtype exclusively associated with infants and represents the second most common abnormality in this age group. Mechanisms of t(7;12) leukaemogenesis remain poorly understood. The translocation relocates the entire MNX1 gene within the ETV6 locus, but a fusion transcript is present in only half of the patients and its significance is unclear. Instead, research has focused on ectopic MNX1 expression, a defining feature of t(7;12) leukaemia, which has nevertheless failed to produce transformation in conventional disease models. Recently, advances in genome editing technologies have made it possible to recreate the t(7;12) rearrangement at the chromosomal level. Together with recent studies of MNX1 involvement using murine in vivo, in vitro, and organoid-based leukaemia models, specific investigation on the biology of t(7;12) can provide new insights into this AML subtype. In this review, we provide a comprehensive up-to-date analysis of the biological features of t(7;12), and discuss recent advances in mechanistic understanding of the disease which may deliver much-needed therapeutic opportunities to a leukaemia of notoriously poor prognosis.
Dual inhibition of HSF1 and DYRK2 impedes cancer progression
Authors: Tandon Vasudha , Moreno Rita , Allmeroth Kira , Quinn Jean , Wiley Sandra E. , Nicely Lynden G. , Denzel Martin S. , Edwards Joanne , de la Vega Laureano , Banerjee Sourav 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Preserving proteostasis is a major survival mechanism for cancer. Dual specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 2 (DYRK2) is a key oncogenic kinase that directly activates the transcription factor heat-shock factor 1 (HSF1) and the 26S proteasome. Targeting DYRK2 has proven to be a tractable strategy to target cancers sensitive to proteotoxic stress; however, the development of HSF1 inhibitors remains in its infancy. Importantly, multiple other kinases have been shown to redundantly activate HSF1 that promoted ideas to directly target HSF1. The eventual development of direct HSF1 inhibitor KRIBB11 suggests that the transcription factor is indeed a druggable target. The current study establishes that concurrent targeting of HSF1 and DYRK2 can indeed impede cancer by inducing apoptosis faster than individual targetting. Furthermore, targeting the DYRK2-HSF1 axis induces death in proteasome inhibitor-resistant cells and reduces triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) burden in ectopic and orthotopic xenograft models. Together the data indicate that cotargeting of kinase DYRK2 and its substrate HSF1 could prove to be a beneficial strategy in perturbing neoplastic malignancies.
Tutorial: Using Visual–Acoustic Biofeedback for Speech Sound Training
Authors: Hitchcock Elaine R. , Ochs Laura C. , Swartz Michelle T. , Leece Megan C. , Preston Jonathan L. , McAllister Tara 
Published: January 2023

Purpose:
This tutorial summarizes current practices using visual–acoustic biofeedback (VAB) treatment to improve speech outcomes for individuals with speech sound difficulties. Clinical strategies will focus on residual distortions of /ɹ/.

Method:
Summary evidence related to the characteristics of VAB and the populations that may benefit from this treatment are reviewed. Guidelines are provided for clinicians on how to use VAB with clients to identify and modify their productions to match an acoustic representation. The clinical application of a linear predictive coding spectrum is emphasized.

Results:
Successful use of VAB requires several key factors including clinician and client comprehension of the acoustic representation, appropriate acoustic target and template selection, as well as appropriate selection of articulatory strategies, practice schedules, and feedback models to scaffold acquisition of new speech sounds.

Conclusion:
Integrating a VAB component in clinical practice offers additional intervention options for individuals with speech sound difficulties and often facilitates improved speech sound acquisition and generalization outcomes.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21817722
Motor Speech Interventions for Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Korkalainen Johanna , McCabe Patricia , Smidt Andy , Morgan Catherine 
Published: January 2023

Purpose:
Dysarthria is common among children with cerebral palsy (CP) and results in poor speech intelligibility and subsequently low communicative participation. Neuroplasticity evidence suggests that adherence to principles of motor learning (PML) improves motor speech intervention outcomes. Motor speech interventions aim to improve speech intelligibility and ultimately facilitate participation, but the effectiveness of these interventions and their inclusion of PML are not clear. Aims are as follows: (a) evaluate the effectiveness motor speech interventions in improving speech intelligibility; (b) summarize the aims, outcome measures, and outcomes relating to the International Classification of Functioning and Disability Child and Youth; and (c) summarize the principles of motor learning used in the intervention.

Method:
Eight databases were searched, complemented by a hand search. Studies of any level of evidence were included if they used a motor speech intervention and measured speech in children with CP aged 0–18 years. Studies before 2000 or not in English were excluded. The review was conducted and reported according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Study quality was rated using the Single Case Experimental Design Scale and Physiotherapy Evidence Database-P rating scales. The strength of evidence was evaluated with Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation.

Results:
Of 1,036 initial articles, 21 were included. Eight interventions were identified including 131 participants aged 3–18 years. All studies aimed to improve speech intelligibility or articulation and reported improvement at sound, word, or sentence level. One study reported improvements in communicative participation. The strength of evidence ranged from very low to moderate for one intervention. Adherence to PML was inconsistent.

Conclusions:
The quality of evidence is very low to moderate. More research on motor speech interventions that adhere to PML is required.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21817959
Gesundheitsökonomische Bewertung einer internistischen Intermediate Care (IMC)-Station mit gastroenterologischem Schwerpunkt an einem universitären Klinikum der
medizinischen Maximalversorgung – Wertung der Rentabilität einer Intermediate Care (IMC)-Station für die moderne universitäre Gastroenterologie
Authors: Katsounas Antonios , Lütkes Peter , Canbay Ali , Gerken Guido 
Published: January 2023

ZusammenfassungIntermediate Care (IMC)-Stationen erfüllen die komplexen Behandlungserfordernisse von
Patienten mit speziellen Erkrankungen und/oder einem hohen Pflegebedarf und können dazu
beitragen, die Belegung von Intensivbetten effizient/er zu gestalten. Trotz Ausgliederung der
Pflegepersonalkosten von dem Diagnosis-Related-Groups (DRG; Deutsch: diagnosebezogene
Fallgruppen)-Vergütungssystem können längere Phasen unterdurchschnittlicher Monatserlöse
durch ausbleibende Abrechnung komplexer DRGs und/oder Fehlbelegung/Sperrung von IMC-Betten zu
einem Fixkosten-Refinanzierungsproblem führen; das stellt die Frage nach der Rentabilität
einer IMC-Einheit erneut in den Vordergrund. Somit ist Ziel dieser Arbeit gewesen, die
Rentabilität einer gastroenterologischen IMC, als Teil einer interdisziplinären Medizinischen
IMC (MIMC) am Universitätsklinikum Essen, für den Zeitraum 01.01.2014–31.12.2016 zu bewerten.
Retrospektiv wurden 1015 Fälle der Station MIMC der Klinik für Gastroenterologie und
Hepatologie (Med.G./MIMC; 12 IMC-Betten) hinsichtlich Verweildauer (VWD),
Aufnahme-/Hauptdiagnose, erbrachten Prozeduren sowie Nebendiagnosen, Erlös, Alter und
Geschlecht untersucht (medianes Patientenalter 57 Jahre; ♂ 61%, ♀ 39%). Insgesamt kommen 85%
der DRG-Erlöse durch Behandlungsfälle innerhalb der Top-20-Basis-DRGs
zustande; diese verdeutlichen den hepatologischen Schwerpunkt der Med.G./MIMC. Der Case-Mix
(CM) beträgt im monatlichen Durchschnitt 65; der CM-Index (CMI), der (analog zum CM) eine
erhebliche jahreszeitliche Schwankung aufweist, beträgt im monatlichen Durchschnitt 10,891
(2014–2016). Die durchschnittliche VWD auf der Med.G./MIMC liegt mit 12,3 Tagen deutlich über
der Durchschnitt-VWD in deutschen Krankenhäusern (7,2 Tage). In der konkreten wirtschaftlichen
Beurteilung der Med.G./MIMC ergibt sich, dass die zugeordneten stationären Erlöse von 2,90
Mio. € auf 3,72 Mio. € ansteigen. Damit ist eine positive Entwicklung der Primärerlöse von 2,98
Mio. € (2014) über 3,56 Mio. € (2015) auf 3,81 Mio. € (2016) bei weitestgehend konstantem
Aufwand im Bereich der Primärkosten und der bezogenen Sekundärleistungen zu verzeichnen. Aus
der Erfahrung ist dies – unter Berücksichtigung der potenziellen interdisziplinären
Synergieeffekte – als außerordentlich gute wirtschaftliche Situation zu bezeichnen.
Comparison of age- and sex-dependent reference limits derived from distinct sources for metabolic measurands in basic liver diagnostics
Authors: Broecker-Preuss Martina , Arzideh Farhad , Best Jan , Canbay Ali , Özçürümez Mustafa , Manka Paul 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background Reference intervals for basic liver laboratory diagnostic rely on manufacturers’ information, remaining unchanged for more than 20 years. This ignores known age and sex dependencies.
Methods We performed a retrospective cross-sectional study to compare the age-dependent distribution of flagged and non-flagged laboratory findings between reference limits from 3 distinct sources: manufacturer, published reference study, and the truncated maximum likelihood method applied on a cohort of inpatients aged 18–100 years. Discordance rates adjusted for the permissible analytical uncertainty are reported for serum levels of albumin (n= 150,550), alkaline phosphatase (n= 433,721), gamma-GT (n=580,012), AST (n= 510,620), and ALT (n= 704,546).
Results The number of flagged findings differed notably between reference intervals compared, except for alkaline phosphatase. AST and alkaline phosphatase increased with age in women. Overall discordance for AP, AST, and ALT remained below 10%, respectively, in both sexes. Albumin decreased with age which led to discordant flags in up to 22% in patients ≥70 years. GGT and ALT peaked in 50–59-year-old men with up to 23.5% and 22.8% discordant flags, respectively.
Conclusion We assessed the impact of different reference limits on liver related laboratory results and found up to 25 % discordant flags. We suggest to further analyse the diagnostic and economic effects of reference limits adapted to the population of interest even for well-established basic liver diagnostics.
Minimally Invasive Destructive, Ablative, and Disconnective Epilepsy Surgery
Authors: Treiber Jeffrey M. , Bayley James C. , Curry Daniel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractConventional epilepsy surgery performed by microsurgical dissection typically requires large cranial working windows created with high-speed drills and lengthy incisions. In the past few decades, minimally invasive techniques have been developed with smaller incisions, comparable efficacy, shorter hospitalizations, and better safety profiles. These minimally invasive alternatives utilize stereotactic, ultrasonic, radiotherapeutic, and endoscopic techniques. Although not able to completely replace conventional surgery for all etiologies of epilepsy, these minimally invasive techniques have revolutionized modern epilepsy surgery and have been an invaluable asset to the neurosurgeon's repertoire. The endoscope has allowed for surgeons to have adequate visualization during resective and disconnective epilepsy surgeries using keyhole or miniature craniotomies. Modern stereotactic techniques such as laser interstitial thermal therapy and radiofrequency ablation can be used as viable alternatives for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy and can destroy lesional tissue deep areas without the approach-related morbidity of microsurgery such as with hypothalamic hamartomas. These stereotactic techniques do not preclude future surgery in the settings of treatment failure and have been used successfully after failed conventional surgery. Multiple ablation corridors can be performed in a single procedure that can be used for lesioning of large targets or to simplify treating multifocal epilepsies. These stereotactic techniques have even been used successfully to perform disconnective procedures such as hemispherotomies and corpus callosotomies. In patients unable to tolerate surgery, stereotactic radiosurgery is a minimally invasive option that can result in improved seizure control with minimal procedural risks. Advances in minimally invasive neurosurgery provide viable treatment options for drug-resistant epilepsy with quicker recovery, less injury to functional brain, and for patients that may otherwise not choose conventional surgery.
Recommendations for maternal mental health policy in India
Authors: Priyadarshini Urvashi , Rao Arathi P. , Dash Sambit 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMental illnesses are a serious concern in India where every seventh person suffers from mental health problems—with women more affected than men. While the burden of perinatal mental illnesses grows, India lacks exclusive policies to address it. The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on routine antenatal care and institutional deliveries and has also affected the mental health of pregnant women and mothers. We evaluated existing policies. Policy options were evaluated against criteria like cost–benefit analysis, administrative feasibility, human resources, and equity along with the intended and unintended consequences. We propose three policy options: (1) strengthening and focused implementation of the existing national mental health program (NMHP), (2) integrating mental health in the ongoing Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health Program, and (3) including a ‘maternal’ component in NMHP. We offered policy recommendations to fill the gap in addressing the maternal mental health challenge in India.
Uncovering social and environmental factors that increase the burden of climate-sensitive diarrheal infections on children
Authors: Dimitrova Anna , Gershunov Alexander , Levy Morgan C. , Benmarhnia Tarik 
Published: January 2023

Climate-sensitive infectious diseases are an issue of growing concern due to global warming and the related increase in the incidence of extreme weather and climate events. Diarrhea, which is strongly associated with climatic factors, remains among the leading causes of child death globally, disproportionately affecting populations in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We use survey data for 51 LMICs between 2000 and 2019 in combination with gridded climate data to estimate the association between precipitation shocks and reported symptoms of diarrheal illness in young children. We account for differences in exposure risk by climate type and explore the modifying role of various social factors. We find that droughts are positively associated with diarrhea in the tropical savanna regions, particularly during the dry season and dry-to-wet and wet-to-dry transition seasons. In the humid subtropical regions, we find that heavy precipitation events are associated with increased risk of diarrhea during the dry season and the transition from dry-to-wet season. Our analysis of effect modifiers highlights certain social vulnerabilities that exacerbate these associations in the two climate zones and present opportunities for public health intervention. For example, we show that stool disposal practices, child feeding practices, and immunizing against the rotavirus modify the association between drought and diarrhea in the tropical savanna regions. In the humid subtropical regions, household’s source of water and water disinfection practices modify the association between heavy precipitation and diarrhea. The evidence of effect modification varies depending on the type and duration of the precipitation shock.
When loanwords are not lone words
Authors: Trye David , Calude Andreea S. , Keegan Te Taka , Falconer Julia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNetworks are being used to model an increasingly diverse range of real-world phenomena. This paper introduces an exploratory approach to studying loanwords in relation to one another, using networks of co-occurrence. While traditional studies treat individual loanwords as discrete items, we show that insights can be gained by focusing on the various loanwords that co-occur within each text in a corpus, especially when leveraging the notion of a hypergraph. Our research involves a case-study of New Zealand English (NZE), which borrows Indigenous Māori words on a large scale. We use a topic-constrained corpus to show that: (i) Māori loanword types tend not to occur by themselves in a text; (ii) infrequent loanwords are nearly always accompanied by frequent loanwords; and (iii) it is not uncommon for texts to contain a mixture of listed and unlisted loanwords, suggesting that NZE is still riding a wave of borrowing importation from Māori.
Dry sliding wear behaviour of hot-rolled air-cooled medium manganese martensitic steel
Authors: Han Ruyang , Yang Gengwei , Xu Deming , Zhao Gang , Zhu Xiaoxiang , Li Shucheng 
Published: January 2023

The microstructure, mechanical properties and dry sliding wear behaviour of hot-rolled air-cooled medium manganese martensitic steel at different finish rolling temperatures (FRT) were investigated. The fully martensitic structure with precipitation of acicular carbides in the matrix was obtained in the air-cooled process after hot rolling. With the decrease of FRT, the mechanical properties and sliding wear resistance of experimental steels were significantly improved. The worn surface morphology was mainly furrows, and the wear mechanism was micro-cutting. Both the width and depth of the furrows increased with the increasing hardness of the experimental steels. The mass loss rates of FRT-700, FRT-900 and Hardox450 samples were 4.53 × 10-4 g/m, 4.82 × 10-4 g/m and 5.14 × 10-4 g/m, respectively.
Improved magnetic properties in amorphous FeSiBCr soft magnetic composites with easy-plane anisotropy for high-frequency applications
Authors: Huang Yuandong , Zhang Hang , Shang Rongxian , Wang Ke , Wu Peng , Wang Ying , Li Fashen , Wang Tao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The miniaturization and high frequency of future electromagnetic devices require soft magnetic composites with high permeability, high working frequency, and low core loss. In this work, easy-plane amorphous FeSiBCr powders with a thickness of approximately 1–2 μm are obtained by planetary ball milling, and are successfully fabricated into an arranged soft magnetic composite by using a uniform magnetic field. The complex permeability spectrums of the composites are measured and analyzed. Due to the planar distribution of easy magnetization axes, the amorphous easy-plane FeSiBCr/Si-resin composite shows a permeability of 31 at 1 MHz. The core loss of the samples is measured from 100 KHz to 5 MHz and is discussed in detail. The loss-separated results illustrate that the eddy current loss and excess loss can be effectively reduced in the amorphous easy-plane FeSiBCr/Si-resin composite. These results indicate that, compared with an amorphous non-easy-plane FeSiBCr/Si-resin composite, the permeability of the amorphous easy-plane FeSiBCr/Si-resin composite is effectively improved and the core loss is reduced, making it promising for high-frequency applications.
Tuning interfacial thermal conductance of GaN/AlN heterostructure nanowires by constructing core/shell structure
Authors: Ren Xue , Wu Cheng-Wei , Li Shi-Yi , Xie Zhong-Xiang , Zhou Wu-Xing 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The ability to tune the interfacial thermal conductance of GaN/AlN heterojunction nanowires (NWs) with a core/shell structure is shown using molecular dynamics and non-equilibrium Green’s functions method. In particular, an increase in the shell thickness leads to a significant improvement of interfacial thermal conductance of GaN/AlN core/shell NWs. At room temperature (300 K), the interfacial thermal conductance of NWs with specific core/shell ratio can reach 0.608 nW K−1, which is about twice that of GaN/AlN heterojunction NWs due to the weak phonon scattering and phonon localization. Moreover, changing the core/shell type enables one to vary interfacial thermal conductance relative to that of GaN/AlN heterojunction NWs. The results of the study provide an important guidance for solving the thermal management problems of GaN-based devices.