bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF MELINJO SEED EXTRACT ON URIC ACID LEVELS OF HYPERURICEMIC MALE WISTAR RATS
Authors: Rayhan Al Ghiffari Muhammad , Maharani Nani , Mahati Endang , Nindita Yora 
Published: April 2023

Background : Uric acid is the end product of purine catabolism carried out in the liver. Increased level of uric acid in blood is called hyperuricemia, which might cause gout if it is not treated properly. Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.) plant is a native plant of Indonesia that contains flavonoids and stilbenoid potential as antihyperuricemia. Aim : This paper aimed to study the effect of melinjo seed extract on uric acid levels. Methods : Thirty-six male wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, consists of healthy control group, hyperuricemic control, Allopurinol control, and treatment groups (3 groups). Hyperuricemia was induced by the administration of block broth and potassium oxonate for 4 weeks. Melinjo seed extract doses of 250, 500, and 2000 mg/kg BW, and allopurinol 90 mg/kg BW was given orally for 2 weeks. Statistical analysis was conducted to evaluate differences among groups before and after the intervention. Results : Three doses could significantly reduce uric acid levels (p<0.05) from 5.61±0.95 to 2.45±1.21; 5.86±1.84 to 2.04±1.11; and 5.95±0.91 to 3.59±1.58, respectively. However, there is no significant difference between the three doses. The effectiveness of melinjo seed extract at a dose of 500 mg/kg BW reduced uric acid levels by 65%, a dose of 250 mg/kg BW by 56%, and allopurinol 90 mg/kg BW by 10%. Conlusion : Melinjo seed extract can reduce uric acid levels even though there is no effect of graded dose.
Comparison of Caffeine Intake and Brain Training Effect on Performance Intelligence
Authors: Pamungkas Gianina Dinda , Hardian Hardian , Sumekar Tanjung Ayu , Gumay Ainun Rahmasari , Jusup Innawati 
Published: April 2023

Background: Intelligence is the ability to comprehend complex ideas and reasoning. Caffeine is a psychoactive substance that is known to possess an effect on improving cognitive function, memory, and attention. Brain training is a digital training process which holds the purpose of enhancing cognitive function.Objective: This study aimed to compare the effect of caffeine and brain training on performance intelligence.Methods: This research is an experimental study with two groups pre test and post test design. The research sample was the college students of Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro (n=42) aged between 18-22 years old, which then categorized into: the caffeine group (n=21) which received 50 ml once daily of caffeinated beverage for two weeks, and brain training group (n=21) which received 30-minute-session of NeuroNationTM brain training every day for two weeks. Performance intelligence was measured before and after treatment by using The Raven Progressive Matrices test. The statistical analysis used was The Mann-Whitney test and The Wilcoxon test.Results: The average score of performance intelligence on the group caffeine treatment increased from 48,81±9,30 to 55,90±2,95 (p<0,001). In brain training group, increased from 54,95±1,91 to 57,29±1,68 (p<0,001). The two groups were tested for Mann-Whitney Test and it was found that the caffeine group's performance intelligence score was significantly higher than brain training (p = 0.005).Conclusion: There was a significantly higher increase performance intelligence score shown in the caffeine group rather than in the brain training group.Keywords: brain training, caffeine, NeuroNationTM, performance intelligence, Raven Progressive Matrices test
The Protective effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa on Lung Damage in Rats due to Cigarette Smoke Exposure
Authors: Fulyani Faizah , Yudhistira Muhammad , Istiadi Hermawan , Dewi Puspita Kusuma , Prihatningtias Riski , Wijayahadi Noor , Armalina Desy 
Published: April 2023

Background: Cigarette smoke consists of many free radicals that can reduce antioxidants in the body and further trigger oxidative stress. The state of oxidative stress can be minimized through antioxidant supplementation. Hibiscus sabdariffa (Rosella) is a herbal plant reported to be rich in antioxidants.Objective: To investigate the protective effect of Rosella extract on the microstructure of the lung and plasma Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels of rats exposed to cigarette smoke.Methods: This research is an experimental study with a post-test-only group design. A total of 36 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups[L1] . Group K was given standard food and free access to water. Group K1, K2, P1, P2, and P3 were exposed to 4 cigarettes/day for 30 consecutive days. Before cigarette smoke exposure, each group received treatment with 1 mL saline (K1), vitamin E 0.2 g/kg b.w. (K2), and infused Rosella 0.25 g/kg b.w. (P1), 0.5 g/kg b.w. (P2), and 1 g/kg b.w. (P3). Plasma MDA levels were measured by the TBARS method. Statistical analysis was performed with one way ANOVA test and continued with a post hoc test.Results: Circulated MDA levels of groups K, K1, K2, P1, P2, and P3 were 1.84 ± 0.18 nmol/mL, 9.57 ± 0.27 nmol/mL, 2.24 ± 0.10 nmol/mL, 4.93 ± 0.31 nmol/mL 3.85 ± 0.55 nmol/mL, and 2.62 ± 0.37 nmol/mL respectively. Cigarette smoke exposure in group K showed significantly higher MDA levels (K versus K1; p < 0.001). The administration of rosella infusion (P1, P2, P3) and or vitamin E supplementation (K2) can significantly suppress the plasma MDA levels due to cigarette smoke exposure ( p < 0.05). The administration of Rosella flower infusion 1 g/kg b.w. has an antioxidant effect similar to vitamin E supplementation 0.2 g/kg b.w. (p = 0.268).Conclusion: The administration of Rosella flower infusion could prevent lung damage from oxidative stress induced by cigarette smoke exposure. Keywords: Cigarette, Hibiscus sabdariffa,MDA, Oxidative stress.
Prostatitis as initial manifestation of Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia diagnosed by metagenome next-generation sequencing: A case report
Authors: Li Mengjie , Wang Biao , Liu Peng , Wang Huan , Zhu Jian 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Chlamydia psittaci (C. psittaci) pneumonia is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by C. psittaci, which is often underdiagnosed. The application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) provides an unbiased method for the detection of unknown pathogens. A 46-year-old man received empirical treatment with piperacillin-tazobactam and moxifloxacin after an initial diagnosis of prostatitis and pneumonia. However, he experienced recurrent symptoms and a cough, and a chest computed tomography (CT) showed aggravated pulmonary inflammation. Upon further questioning, the patient recalled a history of contact with pigeons, and a bronchoscope alveolar lavage fluid analysis with mNGS suggested C. psittaci infection. Following treatment with doxycycline, the patient’s symptoms were rapidly alleviated, and chest CT showed pulmonary lesions absorption. The patient was followed up for 1 month without any discomfort. This case highlights that initial manifestations of C. psittaci pneumonia may present with atypical symptoms such as prostatitis. Furthermore, mNGS can be a useful tool for the detection of rare or unknown pathogens such as C. psittaci.
Performance analyses of detonation engine cogeneration cycles
Authors: Keven Arzu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAircraft engines such as gas turbines and detonation engines have very important attention by the researchers in the last decades. However, using detonation engines for producing electrical and heat power was not researched efficiently. In this study, gas turbine and pulse detonation engines cogeneration systems were analyzed and compared by using first and second laws of thermodynamics and exergy analysis method. Three different cycles, namely, basic gas turbine, Zeldovich–von Neumann–Döring (ZND) detonation engine and steam injected regenerative ZND detonation engine cogeneration systems were investigated. The performance analyses and the advantage of these three cycles were obtained and discussed. The performance analyses were done for different compression ratios (r), and the combustion outlet temperatures and pressures, exergy efficiencies, specific fuel consumption, electrical efficiency, exergy fuel consumption, electrical heat rates and other performance parameters of the three cycles were obtained and discussed. It is found that gas turbine cogeneration systems have some advantages and disadvantages in some conditions than ZND cycle. The steam injected regenerative ZND detonation engine cogeneration systems can compete with the Brayton cycle cogeneration systems.
A century of radiology in osteopathic healthcare
Authors: Rosenbaum Robert R. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This commemorative note, in recognition of the 100th anniversary of radiology in osteopathic healthcare, reviews the development of the specialty from the initial availability of primitive equipment to its present status as an important component of patient care and a significant element in the consideration of socioeconomic issues affecting patient welfare. The osteopathic medical profession was quick to grasp the potential of the new modality, and its history is an exciting aspect of osteopathic medicine’s progress.
Smoking in women
Authors: Mueller Loretta , Ciervo Carman A. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Smoking has numerous increased health risks for women, including the risks for cancer, cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, gastric and duodenal ulcers, reduced fertility, ovulatory dysfunction, ectopic pregnancy, spontaneous abortion, sudden infant death, and earlier menopause. Such health risks, smoking cessation therapy, and unique obstacles to smoking cessation in women are the focus of this article.
GM1 gangliosidosis: patients with different phenotypic features and novel mutations
Authors: Emecen Sanli Merve , Dogan Mustafa 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objectives
GM1-gangliosidosis is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by beta-galactosidase deficiency encoded by GLB1. It is mainly characterized by progressive neurodegeneration due to accumulation of glycosphingolipids in central nervous system and classified into 3 forms according to the age of onset and severity of symptoms.

Case presentations
In this study, we described the demographic, clinical, molecular, biochemical characteristics of 4 patients from 3 unrelated families diagnosed with GM1-gangliosidosis. The ages of the patients included in the study were between 5 months and 10 years old and all were male. All families had third degree consanguinity. Two of the patients were diagnosed as infantile type and the other two siblings were diagnosed as juvenile type. Infantile type patients had coarse facial appearance, developmental delay and early neurodegeneration. Juvenile type patients had mild motor and cognitive developmental delays at the beginning, but they did not have coarse facial features. Cherry-red macula and cardiac involvement were detected in only one infantile patient, while hepatomegaly was present in both infantile type patients. Beta galactosidase enzyme levels were extremely low in all patients and two novel variants were identified in GLB1.

Conclusions
In this study, we identified four patients with different phenotypic features and two new mutations. GM1 gangliosidosis shows clinical heterogeneity according to age of onset. In some patients, developmental delay can be seen before the loss of gained functions. Therefore, this disorder should be kept in mind in patients with developmental delay who have not yet started neurodegeneration. There is no curative treatment for the disease yet, but ongoing gene therapy studies are promising for curing the disease in the future.
Unique clinical presentations and follow-up outcomes from experience with congenital disorders of glycosylation: PMM2-PGM1-DPAGT1-MPI-POMT2-B3GALNT2-DPM1-SRD5A3-CDG
Authors: Yoldas Celik Merve , Yazici Havva , Erdem Fehime , Yuksel Yanbolu Ayse , Aykut Ayca , Durmaz Asude , Zeybek Selcan , Canda Ebru , Kalkan Ucar Sema , Coker Mahmut 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Congenital Glycosylation Disorders (CDG) are a large group of inherited metabolic diseases with multi-organ involvement. Herein, we aimed to expand the clinical characteristics of patients with CDG based on our experience with diagnoses and follow-up of CDG patients from different subtypes.

Methods
The clinical and laboratory findings from the last 15 years were reviewed retrospectively in Ege University Child Metabolism and Nutrition Department.

Results
There were 8 (57.2 %) females and 6 (42.8 %) males. Diagnoses of the patients were PMM2-CDG (n=4), PGM1-CDG (n=2), DPAGT1-CDG (n=2), SRD5A3-CDG (n=2), MPI-CDG (n=1), POMT2-CDG (n=1), B3GALNT2-CDG (n=1), DPM1-CDG (n=1). The clinical findings of the patients were dysmorphia (85.7 %), developmental delay (85.7 %), intellectual disability (85.7 %), ocular abnormalities (64.2 %), skeletal malformations (64.2 %), failure to thrive (57.1 %), microcephaly (57.1 %), hepatomegaly (35.7 %), hearing loss (35.7 %), seizures (28.5 %), gastrointestinal symptoms (21.4 %), endocrine abnormalities (21.4 %), and cardiac abnormalities (7.1 %). Laboratory findings were abnormal TIEF (92.8 %), abnormal liver enzymes (64.2 %), decreased protein C (64.2 %), decreased antithrombin III (64.2 %), decreased protein S (42.8 %), hypogammaglobulinemia (35.7 %), cerebellar hypoplasia (28.5 %), CK elevation (7.1 %), and hypoglycemia (7.1 %).

Conclusions
This study contributes to the literature by sharing our ultra-rare DPM1-CDG case with less than 20 cases in the literature and expanding the clinical and molecular characteristics of other CDG patients. Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, short stature, hypothyroidism, growth hormone deficiency, hypogammaglobulinemia, pericardial effusion, elevated CK, congenital myasthenia, and anorectal malformation were unique findings that were observed. Cerebello-ocular findings accompanying multi-organ involvement were an essential clue for a possible CDG.
Adsorption and kinetic studies of chromium (VI) removal using Ag2Cu2O3 nanoparticles
Authors: Ali Faisal , Saleem Aimon , Batool Nimra , Khan Hammad Ali , Rehman Roeya , Mehboob Rabia , Akhter Parveen , Hussain Murid 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This study reports the removal of chromium (VI) from waste aqueous medium using disilver-dicopper oxide nanoparticles (Ag2Cu2O3 NPs) as adsorbent, which were synthesized by adopting reduction route of chemical method and stabilized by emulsifier (sodium dodecyl sulfate [SDS]). Synthesized nanoparticles were further characterized using different analysis techniques such as UV–Vis for the detection of NPs via Λmax and their point-zero charge (pzc) determination also done. Whereas, FTIR and XRD were done to determine the functional groups, crystal plane (tetragonal) and crystallite size (15.19 nm) of Ag2Cu2O3 NPs respectively. SEM was used with EDX for morphology and elemental confirmation respectively. The synthesized nanoparticles were then employed for the adsorptive removal of chromium (VI) (Cr(VI)). Different parameters including pH, temperature, agitation time, adsorbate and adsorbent’s concentration were also studied. At optimized conditions, 0.5 g adsorbent, 40 ppm concentration of Cr(VI) solution along with 1 h agitation time were studied. Maximum observed adsorption and chromium removal efficiency was 96.66319 %. Four adsorption isotherms namely; Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin and Harkins-Jeura were employed from which Freundlich adsorption model gives best fitting on experimental results. The kinetic modelling had shown that adsorption process follows second order kinetics. The thermodynamic studies of the adsorptive removal of Cr(VI) also evaluated. The Ag2Cu2O3 NPs adsorbent’s reusability were also determined. The study had proven that Ag2Cu2O3 nanoparticles are efficient adsorbents for the removal of Cr(VI).
Effect of High Fat and Cholesterol Diet on Total Blood Cholesterol Levels in Pregnant Wistar Rats
Authors: Desmawati Desmawati , Mahdiyah Annisa Yuda , Kadri Husnil 
Published: April 2023

Hypercholesterolemia during pregnancy is a physiological condition resulting from increased insulin resistance, lipoprotein synthesis, and lipolysis in adipose tissue, which mobilizes lipids as an energetic substrate for fetal growth. Consumption of foods high in fat and cholesterol may lead to an increase in total blood cholesterol levels during pregnancy due to saturated fat and cholesterol contents that will increases the synthesis of lipoproteins in the blood. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of high fat and cholesterol diet on the total blood cholesterol levels in pregnant Wistar rats. This study was a true experimental research using a randomized post-test-only control group design conducted from November 2020 to October 2021on fourteen female Wistar rats that were divided into control and intervention groups. Cow brain was provided as the high fat and cholesterol diet and after the rats gave birth, blood was drawn from the heart. The total blood serum cholesterol levels were assessed using Micro Lab 300 with the CHOD-PAP method and the data were analyzed using an independent t-test. This study showed that the mean total blood cholesterol levels for the control and treatment groups were 80.43±18.512 mg/dL and 142.57±24.786 mg/dL, respectively, which reflected a significant differences in the mean total blood cholesterol level between the control and treatment groups (p-value <0.01). In conclusion, a high fat and cholesterol diet affects the total blood cholesterol level in pregnant Wistar rats.
Early Antibiotic Use and Neonatal Outcomes Among Preterm Infants Without Infections
Authors: Yu Weiyin , Zhang Lan , Li Shujuan , Yan Weili , Bai Ruimiao , Yang Zuming , Shi Jingyun , Yuan Jing , Yang Chuanzhong , Cai Wenhong , Wang Yang , Zhang Yi , Gu Xinyue , Cao Xincheng , Huang Yihuang , Hong Luyang , Zhou Qi , Yang Yi , Lee Shoo K. , Jiang Siyuan , Cao Yun ,   the Reduction of Infection in Neonatal Intensive Care Units Using the Evidence-based Practice for Improving Quality (REIN-EPIQ) Study Group
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVES
To determine whether use, duration, and types of early antibiotics were associated with neonatal outcomes and late antibiotic use in preterm infants without infection-related diseases.

METHODS
This cohort study enrolled infants admitted to 25 tertiary NICUs in China within 24 hours of birth during 2015–2018. Death, discharge, or infection-related morbidities within 7 days of birth; major congenital anomalies; and error data on antibiotic use were excluded. The composite outcome was death or adverse morbidities. Late antibiotic use indicated antibiotics used after 7 days of age. Late antibiotic use rate was total antibiotic use days divided by the days of hospital stay after the first 7 days of life.

RESULTS
Among 21 540 infants, 18 302 (85.0%) received early antibiotics. Early antibiotics was related to increased bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-1.56), late antibiotic use (aOR, 4.64; 95% CI, 4.19-5.14), and late antibiotic use rate (adjusted mean difference, 130 days/1000 patient-days; 95% CI, 112-147). Each additional day of early antibiotics was associated with increased BPD (aOR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.04-1.10) and late antibiotic use (aOR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.39-1.43). Broad-spectrum antibiotics showed larger effect size on neonatal outcomes than narrow-spectrum antibiotics. The correlation between early antibiotics and outcomes was significant among noncritical infants but disappeared for critical infants.

CONCLUSIONS
Among infants without infection, early antibiotic use was associated with increased risk of BPD and late antibiotic use. Judicious early antibiotic use, especially avoiding prolonged duration and broad-spectrum antibiotics among noncritical infants, may improve neonatal outcomes and overall antibiotic use in NICUs.
PRESUNÇÃO DE INOCÊNCIA: A INFLUÊNCIA DA MÍDIA NOS CASOS REITOR CANCELLIER E BOATE KISS
Authors: Cruz Jonathan Viegas Avila , Stein Ana Carolina Filippon 
Published: April 2023

O presente trabalho de conclusão de curso objetiva analisar como funcionam os veículos de comunicação em casos envolvendo processos criminais, e como seu discurso sensacionalista pode ser difundido culpabilizando o acusado antes mesmo da sentença do juiz, sob alegação de ser o livre exercício do direito à liberdade de imprensa. Por ser a liberdade de imprensa um direito constitucionalmente garantido, acaba gerando um conflito em relação a outro direito fundamental, à presunção de inocência. A busca pela justiça imediata feita pela população, acaba gerando aos veículos de informação papéis que não dizem respeito à sua real função, ultrapassando os limites necessários para um bom funcionamento do sistema penal, como é o caso de Luiz Carlos Cancellier de Olivo, ex-reitor da UFSC, acusado em processo criminal, e o caso do trágico incêndio da Boate Kiss, em que Elissandro Callegaro Spohr, ex-sócio da boate, Mauro Londero Hoffmann, também ex-sócio, Marcelo de Jesus dos Santos, vocalista da banda Gurizada Fandangueira, e Luciano Bonilha Leão, produtor musical, também foram acusados criminalmente. O trabalho foi dividido em quatro capítulos para melhor entendimento do assunto, onde primeiramente é abordado o propósito do Direito Penal, em segundo momento o Princípio da Presunção de Inocência, seguido do limite da liberdade de informação e, para finalizar, uma análise a respeito da influência da mídia nos dois casos criminais estudados.
Source characterization using simplified waveforms: Tests on earthquakes and nuclear explosions in Xinjiang, China
Authors: Zhang Jiajun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractComplete waveforms with periods longer than 30 sec recorded at teleseismic and regional distances are used to characterize the source of several earthquakes and underground nuclear explosions in the Lop Nor area, Xinjiang, China. Propagation effects of Earth's heterogeneities on data for several auxiliary events with well-constrained source mechanisms, in the vicinity of the primary event, are calibrated by frequency-domain division of each pair of observed and synthetic waveforms, with the synthetics being computed for a reference Earth model. The frequency-dependent deconvolution filters obtained for the auxiliary events are interpolated to construct a predicted deconvolution filter, which is convolved with observed waveforms for the primary event to remove the empirically determined propagation effects and to obtain simplified waveforms that are intrinsically well predicted by the reference Earth model. These waveforms are then inverted for the source mechanism and centroid time, location, and depth of the primary event. The inversion yields a centroid depth of 13 km for the 7 September 1994 earthquake (mb = 5.1), significantly shallower than the 33-km depth reported previously from routine determinations. The centroid depth of the 5 October 1993 nuclear explosion plus tectonic release is estimated at approximately 4 km, while the depth of the 21 May 1992 explosion plus tectonic release is less well resolved and may be deeper than 5 km, reflecting limited resolution of the passband used here. With extension to shorter-period energy, the method holds promise for reliable source inversion for small events in a calibrated region.
Size distributions for large and small earthquakes
Authors: Scholz Christopher H. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSmall and large earthquakes obey different scaling laws and inhabit distinct populations, both characterized by power laws with different exponents. When considering earthquakes on a single fault or fault segment, the one large earthquake that occurs during a seismic cycle is discontinuous with the population of small earthquakes. Here it is shown that these two observations, together with the scaling laws, are self-consistent when proper account is taken of the size distribution of faults.