bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Coherence of Buddhism: Relativism, Ethics, and Psychology
Authors: Gold Jonathan C. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTThis essay defends a Buddhist answer to the question of how a skeptical tradition might account for its moral position. Two domains in Buddhist thought and practice are often considered to be dissimilar, perhaps contradictory. On the one hand, there is an aspiration to nirvana and a philosophy that describes everything as “emptiness” and rejects, with apparent universality, “attachment to views.” On the other hand, Buddhist traditions of practice recommend actions based in compassion and loving kindness, and the cultivation of contentment, introspective awareness, and peace of mind. It is argued that these arenas are not in conflict, but are linked through Buddhist psychology, wherein the proven limitations of concepts are quite explicitly leveraged to show that beings hampered by such limits ought to think and act with epistemic humility. The result is not nihilism, but a method for improving our perspectives on ourselves and our society—a method that may serve as a model for humanistic research.
Ranking task versus intensity scales, what is the best method to evaluate odor‐induced taste enhancement?
Authors: Aveline Christopher , Thomas‐Danguin Thierry , Sinding Charlotte 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOdorants in food or beverages might enhance the taste. This phenomenon is called Odor‐Induced Taste Enhancement (OITE). OITE has been shown using taste‐intensity visual analog scales (VAS). VAS is often criticized because it is prone to halo‐dumping effects. We compared VAS and ranking methods to evaluate OITE in people living with normal‐weight or obesity. Sweet apple juice and salty green‐pea soup were spiked with either vanillin or bacon odorants to produce OITE. In the VAS experiment, saltiness, sweetness, sourness, bitterness and the global aroma intensities were evaluated for each base with and without the odorants. The ranking task consisted in ranking from the lowest to the highest sweetness/saltiness intensities, three references with increasing tastant concentration and a target solution with the lowest tastant concentration and the odorant. VAS highlighted OITE neither in the apple juice nor in the green‐pea soup, in no group. The ranking method revealed an OITE in the green‐pea soup in both groups, and only the group with obesity experienced OITE in the apple juice.Practical ApplicationsThe ranking task appears as an optimal method to highlight OITE and is sufficiently sensitive to demonstrate subtle differences related to participants' weight status. The ranking task is easy to perform, does not require training and does not imply a high number of participants to be statistically powered. Odor‐Induced Taste Enhancement is a strategy that might be employed to significantly reduce salt, and sugar, while maintaining an acceptable taste intensity, at home as well as in food formulation by the industry.
Restless sleep disorder in children with epileptic and non‐epileptic nocturnal attacks
Authors: Benbir Senel Gulcin , Tunali Aysun , Karadeniz Derya , DelRosso Lourdes M. 
Published: June 2023

SummaryRestless sleep disorder (RSD) is an important sleep disorder characterised by the presence of frequent large muscle movements (LMM) during sleep, which may be comorbid to other conditions/diseases. In this study, we investigated the frequency and the characteristics of RSD among children who were evaluated by polysomnography (PSG) due to epileptic and non‐epileptic nocturnal attacks. We analysed consecutively children younger than 18 years who were referred for PSG recording due to abnormal motor activities during sleep. The diagnosis of nocturnal events as sleep‐related epilepsy was made based on the current consensus. Patients who were referred with suspicion of sleep‐related epilepsy, but who were diagnosed to have non‐epileptic nocturnal events and children with a definitive diagnosis of NREM sleep parasomnias were also enrolled. Sixty‐two children were analysed in this study (17 children with sleep‐related epilepsy, 20 children with NREM parasomnia, and 25 children with nocturnal events not otherwise classified [neNOS]). The mean number of LMM, LMM index, LMM‐associated with arousal and its index were all significantly higher in children with sleep‐related epilepsy. Restless sleep disorder was present in 47.1% of patients with epilepsy, 25% of patients with parasomnia, and in 20% of patients with neNOS. The mean A3 duration and the A3 index were higher in children with sleep‐related epilepsy and RSD compared with those with parasomnia and restless sleep disorder. Patients with RSD had lower ferritin levels than those without RSD in all subgroups. Our study demonstrates a high prevalence of restless sleep disorder in children with sleep‐related epilepsy, associated with an increased cyclic alternating pattern.
Meaning in derogatory social practices
Authors: Mühlebach Deborah 
Published: June 2023

AbstractVerbal derogation is not only a linguistic but also, and perhaps more importantly, a political phenomenon. In this paper, I argue that to do justice to the political relevance of derogatory terms, we must not neglect the social practices and structures in which the use of these terms is embedded. I aim to show that inferentialist semantics is especially helpful to account for this social embeddedness and, consequently, the political relevance of derogatory terms. I am concerned with specifying the linguistic and political aspects of terms that are at the core of derogatory language use. I explain them with the help of Brandomian inferentialism, which tends to be quickly dismissed or ignored in discussions about the meaning of derogatory terms. My inferentialist account is in line with Lynne Tirrell's broader inferentialist framework for understanding derogatory communicative practices. I provide the semantic details of her broader inferentialist view and thereby aim to show that inferentialist semantics is a promising theory which cannot be neglected in further discussion of meaning and politics in derogatory language use.
Equitable Response in Crisis: Methodology and Application for COVID-19
Authors: Trump Benjamin D. , Jin Andrew , Galaitsi Stephanie , Cummings Christopher , Jarman Holly , Greer Scott , Sharma Vidur , Linkov Igor 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Equitable allocation and distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine have proven to be a major policy challenge exacerbated by incomplete pandemic risk data. To rectify this shortcoming, a three-step data visualization methodology was developed to assess COVID-19 vaccination equity in the United States using state health department, U.S. Census, and CDC data. Part one establishes an equitable pathway deviation index to identify populations with limited vaccination. Part two measures perceived access and public intentions to vaccinate over time. Part three synthesizes these data with the social vulnerability index to identify areas and communities at particular risk. Results demonstrate significant equity differences at a census-tract level, and across demographic and socioeconomic population characteristics. Results were used by various federal agencies to improve coordinated pandemic risk response and implement a commitment to equity as defined by the Executive Order regarding COVID-19 vaccination and booster policy. This methodology can be utilized in other fields where addressing the difficulties of promoting health equity in public policy is essential.
A Case Study Investigation Into a Group Online Sport Psychology Support Intervention for Injured Athletes
Authors: Heaney Caroline , Kentzer Nichola 
Published: June 2023

Sport psychology support can have a positive impact on sport injury rehabilitation; however, there appear to be barriers to injured athletes accessing such support (e.g., financial and geographical constraints). Online delivery has been suggested as a method to address some of these barriers. This case study therefore sought to explore whether an online sport psychology support hub was an effective method of sport injury psychology support. Sixteen injured athletes (seven male and nine female) participated in a 6-week sport psychology intervention where they were given access to an online hub moderated by a sport psychologist, in which sport psychology support was provided through social support (online forum), written emotional disclosure (diary), and psychological skills development (education resources). The impact of the hub was measured through analysis of the forum posts, diary entries, and responses to an evaluation questionnaire. While engagement with the hub was not as high as anticipated, the athletes reported several positive benefits from using the hub and rated its overall impact highly, demonstrating the potential of online delivery.
Serving a Brief-Contact Cognitive Behavior Therapy Intervention in Youth Tennis Using a Single-Case Design
Authors: Moffat Zoe Louise , McCarthy Paul 
Published: June 2023

Brief cognitive behavior therapy is planned brief therapy designed to influence a specific target behavior (e.g., sport performance) with the lowest investment of cost and time. We report a brief cognitive behavior therapy intervention delivered to improve serve performance in county-level youth tennis players (three male and one female; Mage = 14.90 years). Following an assessment of athlete needs, we implemented a brief-contact intervention involving diaphragmatic breathing. The intervention was delivered across two “structured” sessions, with the athletes having access to the sport psychologist between sessions as required. To assess the effectiveness of the intervention, we implemented a single-case withdrawal design. Results indicated that the intervention had a positive effect on performance, with athletes’ first-serve percentage increasing significantly (3.91%, p < .05). Results also indicated that a minimum preperformance-routine time (routine > 2 s) might be required for effective performance outcomes. Finally, we offer reflections on the delivery and implementation of a single-case design, while navigating avenues of professional development.
Brand Management and Social Media
Authors: Cianfrone Beth A. 
Published: June 2023

Social media allows sport entities (organizations, athletes, coaches, fans, and partnering companies) to reach audiences across the world and create, extend, maintain, and improve their brand equity through constant communication. Brand management and the strategies employed by entities to create effective content that reinforces brand image and brand equity are a common goal among sport marketers. Over the last 20 years, scholars have investigated a wide range of topics in sport social media and branding, yet there is a need to continue to expand the social media brand management literature to address and reflect rapidly changing industry challenges. The purpose of this commentary is to provide a reflection of past academic literature, while critically examining areas in methodology and theory to guide future research. The recommendations of more sophisticated designs, along with a call for experimental designs, qualitative approaches, and critical communication inquiry, among others, are discussed.
An Insight Into the Use of Personality Assessment by U.K. Sport Psychology Consultants
Authors: Rowles Stephen , Holder Tim 
Published: June 2023

Personality has a long, if somewhat checkered history in the sport psychology literature, but insight into its use in contemporary applied practice is more limited. This study investigated contemporary sport psychology consultants’ perceptions of using personality assessment. Ten participants (four female and six male; mean 14 years’ applied experience), all Health and Care Professions Council–registered and accredited by either the British Psychological Society or British Association of Sport and Exercise Sciences, were purposefully sampled and interviewed. An inductive thematic analysis was then performed. Five themes were identified: effective practice, perceived impact, societal movements, organizational experience, and innovation. Findings deliver an original insight into the perceptions of practitioners around personality assessment in sport, illustrating a movement from prediction to development in the field and providing novel examples of bespoke, individualized tool application. Broad training and career experiences will help practitioners fully appreciate these potential opportunities.
The interplay between innate lymphoid cells and microbiota
Authors: Wang Rui , Cui Wenwen , Yang Huan 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are mainly resident in mucosal tissues such as gastrointestinal tract and respiratory tract, so they are closely linked to the microbiota. ILCs can protect commensals to maintain homeostasis and increase resistance to pathogens. Moreover, ILCs also play an early role in defense against a variety of pathogenic microorganisms including pathogenic bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites, before the intervention of adaptive immune system. Due to the lack of adaptive antigen receptors expressed on T cells and B cells, ILCs need to use other means to sense the signals of microbiota and play a role in corresponding regulation. In this review, we focus on and summarize three major mechanisms used in the interaction between ILCs and microbiota: the mediation of accessory cells represented by dendritic cells; the metabolic pathways of microbiota or diet; the participation of adaptive immune cells.
Functional expression of foreign magnetosome genes in the alphaproteobacterium
Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense
Authors: Awal Ram Prasad , Lefevre Christopher T. , Schüler Dirk 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Magnetosomes of magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) consist of structurally perfect, nano-sized magnetic crystals enclosed within vesicles of a proteo-lipid membrane. In species of
Magnetospirillum,
biosynthesis of their cubo-octahedral-shaped magnetosomes was recently demonstrated to be a complex process, governed by about 30 specific genes that are comprised within compact magnetosome gene clusters (MGCs). Similar, yet distinct gene clusters were also identified in diverse MTB that biomineralize magnetosome crystals with different, genetically encoded morphologies. However, since most representatives of these groups are inaccessible by genetic and biochemical approaches, their analysis will require the functional expression of magnetosome genes in foreign hosts. Here, we studied whether conserved essential magnetosome genes from closely and remotely related MTB can be functionally expressed by rescue of their respective mutants in the tractable model
Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense
of the
Alphaproteobacteria
. Upon chromosomal integration, single orthologues from other magnetotactic
Alphaproteobacteria
restored magnetosome biosynthesis to different degrees, while orthologues from distantly related
Magnetococcia
and
Deltaproteobacteria
were found to be expressed but failed to re-induce magnetosome biosynthesis, possibly due to poor interaction with their cognate partners within multiprotein magnetosome organelle of the host. Indeed, co-expression of the known interactors MamB and MamM from the alphaproteobacterium
Magnetovibrio blakemorei
increased functional complementation. Furthermore, a compact and portable version of the entire MGCs of
M. magneticum
was assembled by transformation-associated recombination cloning, and it restored the ability to biomineralize magnetite both in deletion mutants of the native donor and
M. gryphiswaldense
, while co-expression of gene clusters from both
M. gryphiswaldense
and
M. magneticum
resulted in overproduction of magnetosomes.

IMPORTANCE

We provide proof of principle that
Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense
is a suitable surrogate host for the functional expression of foreign magnetosome genes and extended the transformation-associated recombination cloning platform for the assembly of entire large magnetosome gene cluster, which could then be transplanted to different magnetotactic bacteria. The reconstruction, transfer, and analysis of gene sets or entire magnetosome clusters will be also promising for engineering the biomineralization of magnetite crystals with different morphologies that would be valuable for biotechnical applications.
Acinetobacter radioresistensandMicrobacterium paraoxydansendocarditis in patient with indwelling catheter and metastatic carcinoma
Authors: Pinchman Elizabeth , Hoenig Benjamin , Solorzano Gabriel , Martin Charles 
Published: June 2023

Acinetobacter radioresistensis a rare cause of nosocomial infection and is believed to confer antibiotic resistance to aggressive bacterial species. We present the first reported case of polymicrobial endocarditis caused byA. radioresistensandMicrobacterium paraoxydansco-infection, a case of a woman in her late 60s with bacteraemia and ultimate finding of endometrial carcinoma. Bacteraemia with either agent in a previously healthy patient should prompt providers to search for underlying malignancy or immunological problem.We support the use of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry for identifying these organisms in cultures, as well as the development of faster isolation techniques through PCR. Furthermore, we advocate for providers to order early antibiotic susceptibility testing, since our patient’sMicrobacteriumsp was not susceptible to meropenem unlike mostMicrobacteriumreported in literature.
Physical activity promotion in daycare centres in Germany: study protocol for a cross-sectional survey within the BeweKi study
Authors: Hermann Sophie , Krug Susanne , Domanska Olga Maria , Wurm Juliane , Romefort Johanna , Kuger Susanne , Loss Julika , Jordan Susanne 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionIn Germany, a total of 92.2% of children between the age of 3 and school entry age attend daycare centres. Therefore, daycare centres are a suitable setting to promote physical activity among children. Yet, there is a lack of knowledge on the promotion of physical activity in daycare centres with regards to different structures and concepts, culture/policies/practices and the characteristics of directors and pedagogical staff of daycare centres in Germany. The aim of this study is to investigate (a) the status quo, as well as (b) the fostering and hindering conditions (barriers and facilitators) of physical activity promotion in daycare centres in Germany.Methods and analysisThe cross-sectional study will collect data from November 2022 to February 2023. For the sample, about 5500 daycare centres will be drawn from an address database available through the German Youth Institute (DJI) and invited to the survey. From each daycare centre a director and a pedagogical staff member will be asked to fill in a standardised self-administered questionnaire. The survey explores characteristics of the daycare centre and the implementation of physical activity promotion, for example, the extent and form of physical activity promotion, the use and size of indoor and outdoor area, structural conditions such as personal and financial resources, personal attitudes towards physical activity promotion, demographic characteristics of pedagogical staff, structural daycare centre’s characteristics such as proportion of children from socioeconomic disadvantaged groups. In addition, micro-geographical data on socioeconomic and infrastructural environment of the daycare centres will be included in the data set.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been received and approved by the Commissioner for Data Protection of the Robert Koch Institute and by the Ethics Committee of Alice Salomon Hochschule Berlin, University of Applied Sciences. Results will be disseminated through publications and presentations to scientific community and stakeholders.
Perceptions of Brazilian women at a public obstetric outpatient clinic regarding domestic violence: a qualitative study
Authors: Sánchez Odette del Risco , Zambrano Erika , Dantas-Silva Amanda , Surita Fernanda G 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveThe aim was to explore women’s perceptions of violence, its causes, manifestations, consequences and responses to prevent and confront domestic violence against women in Brazilian society.DesignWe conducted a qualitative study with individual, semistructured interviews. We used thematic analysis and discussed the data considering the ecological framework.SettingThe study was conducted in an antenatal and postnatal care service in the Brazilian National Health System. Data collection was conducted in October 2022.ParticipantsThe sample selection was intentional and sampling was conducted according to the data saturation criterion. Twelve women who attended an antenatal and postnatal care service were interviewed. The participants reported different experiences of domestic and family violence throughout their lives.ResultsBased on the analysis, four themes were identified: (1) between the public and the private spheres: violence against women and its manifestations, causes and particularities; (2) factors that increase vulnerability; (3) protection system and support network: strengths and weaknesses; and (4) alternatives for the prevention and elimination of violence.ConclusionsThe perceptions of Brazilian women during pregnancy and the postpartum period regarding domestic violence included a multifaceted view of violence. The women’s discourse demonstrated the difficulties that they faced in interrupting the cycle of violence and accessing support networks.
Prevalence and clinical characteristics of non-malignant CT detected incidental findings in the SUMMIT lung cancer screening cohort
Authors: Tisi Sophie , Creamer Andrew W , Dickson Jennifer , Horst Carolyn , Quaife Samantha , Hall Helen , Verghese Priyam , Gyertson Kylie , Bowyer Vicky , Levermore Claire , Hacker Anne-Marie , Teague Jonathon , Farrelly Laura , Nair Arjun , Devaraj Anand , Hackshaw Allan , Hurst John R ,   The SUMMIT Consortium, Janes Samuel 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundPulmonary and extrapulmonary incidental findings are frequently identified on CT scans performed for lung cancer screening. Uncertainty regarding their clinical significance and how and when such findings should be reported back to clinicians and participants persists. We examined the prevalence of non-malignant incidental findings within a lung cancer screening cohort and investigated the morbidity and relevant risk factors associated with incidental findings. We quantified the primary and secondary care referrals generated by our protocol.MethodsThe SUMMIT study (NCT03934866) is a prospective observational cohort study to examine the performance of delivering a low-dose CT (LDCT) screening service to a high-risk population. Spirometry, blood pressure, height/weight and respiratory history were assessed as part of a Lung Health Check. Individuals at high risk of lung cancer were offered an LDCT and returned for two further annual visits. This analysis is a prospective evaluation of the standardised reporting and management protocol for incidental findings developed for the study on the baseline LDCT.ResultsIn 11 115 participants included in this analysis, the most common incidental findings were coronary artery calcification (64.2%) and emphysema (33.4%). From our protocolised management approach, the number of participants requiring review for clinically relevant findings in primary care was 1 in 20, and the number potentially requiring review in secondary care was 1 in 25.ConclusionsIncidental findings are common in lung cancer screening and can be associated with reported symptoms and comorbidities. A standardised reporting protocol allows systematic assessment and standardises onward management.