bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stress, Sleep, and Resilience Among Rural BSN Students in a New Nursing Program
Authors: Shapiro April L. , Coddington Heather , Beckman-Sirk Kasey , Raschella Rachel 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Nursing students experience stress that may impact their sleep and resilience, especially those attending rural campuses that may have potentially limited access to resources.

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to examine relationships among perceived stress, sleep quality, resilience, and demographics and predictors of resilience among senior BSN students.

Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, perceived stress, sleep quality, resilience, and demographic data were collected from a senior student cohort attending a new baccalaureate nursing program on a rural Appalachian campus (N = 16). Data were analyzed using descriptive, bivariate, and multiple regression analyses.

Results:
Perceived stress significantly associated with sleep quality, resilience, and gender. Perceived stress, sleep quality, and gender significantly explained 61% of the variance in resilience, with perceived stress as the strongest predictor.

Conclusions:
Early collaborative assessment and intervention focused on mitigating stress may promote improved sleep and resilience. Availability of resources for students attending small rural campuses is essential.
Use of Simulated Telenursing With Standardized Patients to Enhance Prelicensure Nursing Education
Authors: Thomas Rebecca Maeve , Moore Lori Prewitt , Urquhart Brady Baker , Harris Shannon , Davis Sara , Farmer Joseph , Thornton Rebecca , Hawley Nanako 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Telenursing is a growing field in health care but remains underutilized as a clinical learning opportunity in the prelicensure nursing curriculum.

Problem:
Prelicensure nursing students need exposure to telenursing as an educational modality, which can serve as an alternative opportunity for clinical hours where facilities and resources are limited.

Approach:
Using standardized patients and a web-based videoconferencing platform, faculty developed an innovative, simulated telenursing encounter to expose nursing students to virtual patient care scenarios. The effectiveness of this learning experience was evaluated through student-teacher satisfaction debriefing and student performance on content-related examinations.

Outcomes:
Students scored higher on targeted examination questions than students from the same cohort who did not participate in the telenursing encounter. In addition, students voiced increased comfort and confidence with conducting patient interviews, providing patient education, and debriefing.

Conclusion:
Using a simulated telenursing encounter is useful in prelicensure nursing education by exposing students to patient interaction outside of traditional clinical settings and reinforcing essential nursing concepts.
Electrodiagnostic findings in COVID-19 patients of an underserved population with neuromuscular complaints: case series
Authors: Chiou-Tan Faye Y. , Mirabi Batool , Forrest Elizabeth 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
Persistent neuromuscular symptoms have occurred in some patients after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection requiring hospitalization.

Objective:
This is a retrospective chart review of an underserved patient population referred to our electrodiagnostic [electromyography (EMG)] laboratory with persistent neuromuscular symptoms after COVID-19 infection hospitalization and recovery.

Methods:
A retrospective review of EMG charts from March 2020 to May 2022 was conducted in an underserved county hospital of a major urban city. History of COVID-19 infection with neuromuscular symptoms that began during hospitalization was included in the study. Demographic, neuromuscular symptoms, EMG data, and diagnosis are reported in this study.

Results:
Fifteen cases are included in this series. All the patients were hospitalized with COVID-19, most required intubation in the intensive care unit. Overall, 86.7% were Hispanic, 6.7% African American, and 6.7% Asian. This compares to 57% Hispanic in this county’s hospital population in general. EMG results diagnoses include sciatic neuropathies, brachial plexopathy, radiculopathy/polyradiculopathy, amyotrophy, and multiple proximal mononeuropathies.

Conclusions:
This case series reports EMG findings in patients post-COVID-19 infection in an underserved county hospital population. Interestingly, many neuropathies were not in the conventional compression sites seen with prolonged immobility in intensive care settings.
Controversies in the Management of Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Authors: Porta Sabrina V. , de Andrade Danieli Castro Oliveira , Erkan Doruk , Gómez-Puerta José A. , Jara Luis J. , Alba Moreyra Paula , Pons-Estel Guillermo J. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Strategies to prevent thrombosis in antiphospholipid antibody (aPL)–positive patients are of the utmost importance. The risk of thrombosis in patients with aPLs varies, depending on additional venous thrombosis and cardiovascular risk factors, as well as associated comorbidities. Recurrent thrombosis despite treatment with vitamin K antagonists is relatively common in daily practice. In this context, the effectiveness of the new direct oral anticoagulants in antiphospholipid syndrome is debated, as well as that of low-dose aspirin for primary thromboprophylaxis. There is an urgent unmet need to recognize the subgroup of patients that may benefit from low-dose aspirin use. Here we also discuss different points of view on primary and secondary thrombosis preventions in aPL-positive patients, which were presented as a debate during the 2021 PANLAR Congress (Pan-American League of the Association of Rheumatology) and that was organized by GESAF (Argentine Society of Rheumatology APS Study Group). It is the intention of this article to provide a useful discussion to aid treatment decision-making in daily clinical practice.
The eEF2 kinase coordinates the DNA damage response to cisplatin by supporting p53 activation
Authors: Lim Jonathan KM , Samiei Arash , Carnie Christopher J , Brinkman Vanessa , Radiloff Daniel , Cran Jordan , Leprivier Gabriel , Sorensen Poul H 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTEukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2) kinase (eEF2K) is a stress-responsive hub that inhibits the translation elongation factor eEF2, and consequently mRNA translation elongation, in response to hypoxia and nutrient deprivation. EEF2K is also involved in the response to DNA damage but its role in response to DNA crosslinks, as induced by cisplatin, is not known. Here we found that eEF2K is critical to mediate the cellular response to cisplatin. We uncovered that eEF2K deficient cells are more resistant to cisplatin treatment. Mechanistically, eEF2K deficiency blunts the activation of the DNA damage response associated ATM and ATR pathways, in turn preventing p53 activation and therefore compromising induction of cisplatin-induced apoptosis. We also report that loss of eEF2K delays the resolution of DNA damage triggered by cisplatin, suggesting that eEF2K contributes to DNA damage repair in response to cisplatin. In support of this, our data shows that eEF2K promotes the expression of the DNA repair protein ERCC1, critical for the repair of cisplatin-caused DNA damage. Finally, usingCaenorhabditis elegansas an in vivo model, we find that deletion ofefk-1, the wormeEF2Kortholog, mitigates the induction of germ cell death in response to cisplatin. Together, our data highlight that eEF2K represents an evolutionary conserved mediator of the DNA damage response to cisplatin which promotes p53 activation to induce cell death, or alternatively facilitates DNA repair, depending on the extent of DNA damage.
Automated airway quantification associates with mortality in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Cheung Wing Keung , Pakzad Ashkan , Mogulkoc Nesrin , Needleman Sarah , Rangelov Bojidar , Gudmundsson Eyjolfur , Zhao An , Abbas Mariam , McLaverty Davina , Asimakopoulos Dimitrios , Chapman Robert , Savas Recep , Janes Sam M , Hu Yipeng , Alexander Daniel C. , Hurst John R , Jacob Joseph 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe study was to examine whether the airway metrics associate with mortality in IPF patients.MethodsWe performed an observational cohort study (n=90) of IPF patients identified from Ege University Hospital. An airway analysis tool AirQuant calculated median airway segmental intertapering and segmental tortuosity across 2ndto 6thgenerations of IPF airways. Intertapering measures the difference in median diameter between adjacent airway segments. Tortuosity evaluates the ratio of measured segmental length against direct end- to-end segmental length. Univariable linear regression analyses examined relationships between AirQuant variables, clinical variables and lung function tests. Univariable and Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models estimated mortality risk with the latter adjusted for patient age, gender, smoking status, antifibrotic use, CT usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern and either forced vital capacity (FVC) or diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide (DLco) if obtained within 3 months of the CT.ResultsNo significant collinearity existed between AirQuant variables and clinical or functional variables. On univariable Cox regression analyses, male gender, smoking history, no antifibrotic use, reduced DLco, reduced segmental intertapering and increased segmental tortuosity associated with increased risk of death. On multivariable Cox regression analyses (adjusted using FVC), segmental intertapering (Hazard Ratio (HR)=0.75, 95% CI=0.66-0.85, p<0.001) and segmental tortuosity (HR=1.74, 95% CI=1.22-2.47, p=0.002) independently associated with mortality. Results were maintained with adjustment using DLco.ConclusionsAirQuant generated measures of segmental intertapering and tortuosity independently associate with mortality in IPF patients. Abnormalities in proximal airway generations, which are not typically considered to be abnormal in IPF, have prognostic value.Key PointsAirQuant generates measures of segmental intertapering and tortuosity.Automated airway quantification associates with mortality in IPF independent of established measures of disease severity.Automated airway analysis could be used to refine patient selection for therapeutic trials in IPF.
Clinical Outcomes of Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion Versus Switch of Direct Oral Anti-coagulant in Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Ng Andrew Kei-Yan , Ng Pauline Yeung , Ip April , Fung Raymond Chi-Yan , Chui Shing-Fung , Siu Chung-Wah , Yan Bryan P 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundLeft atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) has emerged as an alternative to oral anti-coagulation therapy for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (AF), but data comparing LAAO with direct oral anti-coagulant (DOAC) is sparse.MethodThis cohort study compared LAAO (with or without prior anti-coagulation) with a switch of one DOAC to another DOAC. The primary outcome was a composite of all-cause mortality, ischemic stroke and major bleeding.ResultsA total of 2,350 patients (874 in the LAAO group and 1,476 in the DOAC switch group) were generated by 1:2 propensity score matching. After a mean follow up of 1052 ± 694 days, the primary outcome developed in 215 (24.6%) patients in the LAAO group and in 335 (22.7%) patients in the DOAC switch group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80 to 1.12; P=0.516). The LAAO group had a lower all-cause mortality (HR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.39 to 0.60; P<0.001) and cardiovascular mortality (HR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.32 to 0.73; P<0.001), but similar risk of ischemic stroke (HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.63 to 1.10; P=0.194). The major bleeding risk was similar overall (HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.94 to 1.48, P=0.150), but was lower in the LAAO group after 6 months (HR 0.71; 95% CI 0.51 to 0.97; P=0.032).ConclusionsLAAO conferred a similar risk of composite outcome of all-cause mortality, ischemic stroke and major bleeding, as compared with DOAC switch. The risks of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality were lower with LAAO.CLINICAL PERSPECTIVE1)What Is New?Data comparing left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) with direct oral anti-coagulant (DOAC) in patient with atrial fibrillation (AF) was sparse.LAAO conferred a similar risk of composite outcome of all-cause mortality, ischemic stroke and major bleeding, as compared with switch of DOAC in patients with AF and intolerant to at least one anti-coagulant.The risks of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality were halved with LAAO.2)What Are the Clinical Implications?This study highlights the potential role of LAAO as a superior alternative to trying another DOAC for patients with AF and intolerant to at least one DOAC.Bleeding events after 6 months post LAAO were significantly reduced by 30% in the LAAO group as compared with the DOAC switch group, coinciding with the de-escalation in anti-thrombotic therapy.Reduction in bleeding during the first 6 months post LAAO represents a potential opportunity to further improve outcomes after LAAO.
Novel glycoside hydrolase family enzymes fromEscherichia coliare associated with osmo-regulated periplasmic glucan synthesis
Authors: Motouchi Sei , Kobayashi Kaito , Nakai Hiroyuki , Nakajima Masahiro 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMost Gram-negative bacteria synthesize osmo-regulated periplasmic glucans (OPG) in the periplasm or extracellular space. Many pathogens lose their pathogenicity by knocking outopgG, an OPG-related gene indispensable for OPG synthesis. However, the biochemical functions of OpgG and OpgD, a paralog of OpgG, have not been elucidated. In this report, structural and functional analyses of OpgG and OpgD fromEscherichia colirevealed that these proteins are β-1,2-glucanases with remarkably different activity, establishing a new glycoside hydrolase family. Furthermore, a reaction mechanism with an unprecedentedly long proton transfer pathway is proposed for OpgD. The conformation of the region that forms the reaction pathway differs noticeably between OpgG and OpgD, which explains the observed low activity of OpgG. The findings enhance our understanding of OPG biosynthesis and provide insights into functional diversity for this novel enzyme family.
Semiconducting carbon nanotubes decrease neuronal bursting in a network of rat hippocampal neuronsin vitrowhile increasing intrinsic excitability of single neurons
Authors: Kishore Abhinoy , Chakraborty Shagnik , Vasnik Sonali , Ghosh Shinjini , Raees Mohammed , Sikdar Sujit K. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTThe diverse electrical, chemical and structural properties of the functional derivatives of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have shown biomedical possibilities for neuroprosthesis or neural interfaces. However, the studies have been generally confined to metallic CNTs that affect cell viability unless chemically functionalized for biocompatibility. Here, we explored the effects of semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (ssw-CNT), on the active electrical properties of dissociated hippocampal neuronsin-vitrousing multielectrode array, calcium imaging and whole-cell patch clamp recordings. The findings show that ssw-CNT treatment regulates neural network excitability from burst to tonic firing by changing the calcium dynamics. However, at a single neuronal level, ssw-CNT increases neuronal excitability.
Comammoxand Unknown Candidate AOB Contribute to Nitrite Accumulation in an Integrated A-B stage process that Incorporates Side-stream EBPR (S2EBPR)
Authors: Yan Yuan , Lee Jangho , Han IL , Wang Zijian , Li Guangyu , McCullough Kester , Klaus Stephanie , Kang Da , Wang DongQi , Patel Anand , McQuarrie Jim , Stinson Beverley M. , deBarbadillo Christine , Dombrowski Paul , Bott Charles , Gu April Z. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA novel integrated pilot-scale A-stage high rate activated sludge, B-stage short-cut biological nitrogen removal and side-stream enhanced biological phosphorus removal (A/B-shortcut N- S2EBPR) process for treating municipal wastewater was demonstrated with the aim to achieve simultaneous and carbon- and energy-efficient N and P removal. In this studied period, an average of 7.62 ± 2.17 mg-N/L nitrite accumulation was achieved through atypical partial nitrification without canonical known NOB out-selection. Network analysis confirms the central hub of microbial community as Nitrospira, which was one to two orders of magnitude higher than canonical aerobic oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in a B-stage nitrification tank. The contribution of comammox Nitrospira as AOB was evidenced by the increased amoB/nxr ratio and higher ammonia oxidation activity. Furthermore, oligotyping analysis of Nitrospira revealed two dominant sub-clusters (microdiveristy) within the Nitrospira. The relative abundance of oligotype II, which is phylogenetically close to Nitrospira_midas_s_31566, exhibited a positive correlation with nitrite accumulation in the same operational period, suggesting its role as comammox Nitrospira. Additionally, the phylogenetic investigation suggested that heterotrophic organisms from the family Comamonadacea and the order Rhodocyclaceae embedding ammonia monooxygenase and hydroxylamine oxidase may function as heterotrophic nitrifiers. This is the first study that elucidated the impact of integrating the S2EBPR on nitrifying populations with implications on short-cut N removal. The unique conditions in the side-stream reactor, such as low ORP, favorable VFA concentrations and composition, seemed to exert different selective forces on nitrifying populations from those in conventional biological nutrient removal processes. The results provide new insights for integrating EBPR with short-cut N removal process for mainstream wastewater treatment.
Loss ofGrem1-articular cartilage progenitor cells causes osteoarthritis
Authors: Ng Jia Q. , Jafarov Toghrul H. , Little Christopher B. , Wang Tongtong , Ali Abdullah , Ma Yan , Radford Georgette A , Vrbanac Laura , Ichinose Mari , Whittle Samuel , Hunter David , Lannagan Tamsin RM , Suzuki Nobumi , Goyne Jarrad M. , Kobayashi Hiroki , Wang Timothy C. , Haynes David , Menicanin Danijela , Gronthos Stan , Worthley Daniel L. , Woods Susan L. , Mukherjee Siddhartha 
Published: March 2023

SUMMARYOsteoarthritis (OA), which carries an enormous disease burden across the world, is characterised by irreversible degeneration of articular cartilage (AC), and subsequently bone. The cellular cause of OA is unknown. Here, using lineage tracing in mice, we show that the BMP-antagonistGremlin 1(Grem1) marks a novel chondrogenic progenitor (CP) cell population in the articular surface that generates joint cartilage and subchondral bone during development and adulthood. Notably, this CP population is depleted in injury-induced OA, and with age. OA is also induced by toxin-mediated ablation ofGrem1CP cells in young mice. Transcriptomic analysis and functional modelling in mice revealed articular surfaceGrem1-lineage cells are dependent onFoxo1; ablation ofFoxo1inGrem1-lineage cells led to early OA. This analysis identified FGFR3 signalling as a therapeutic target, and injection of its activator, FGF18, caused proliferation ofGrem1-lineage CP cells, increased cartilage thickness, and reduced OA pathology. We propose that OA arises from the loss of CP cells at the articular surface secondary to an imbalance in progenitor cell homeostasis and present a new progenitor population as a locus for OA therapy.
Phenotypic drought stress prediction of European beech (Fagus sylvatica) by genomic prediction and remote sensing
Authors: Pfenninger Markus , Langan Liam , Feldmeyer Barbara , Fussi Barbara , Hoffmann Janik , Granado Renan , Hetzer Jessica , Šeho Muhidin , Mellert Karl-Heinz , Hickler Thomas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCurrent climate change species response models usually not include evolution. We integrated remote sensing with population genomics to improve phenotypic response prediction to drought stress in the key forest tree European beech (Fagus sylvaticaL.). We used whole-genome sequencing of pooled DNA from natural stands along an ecological gradient from humid-cold to warm-dry climate. We phenotyped stands for leaf area index (LAI) and moisture stress index (MSI) for the period 2016-2022. We predicted this data with matching meteorological data and a newly developed genomic population prediction score in a Generalised Linear Model. Model selection showed that addition of genomic prediction decisively increased the explanatory power. We then predicted the response of beech to future climate change under evolutionary adaptation scenarios. A moderate climate change scenario would allow persistence of adapted beech forests, but not worst-case scenarios. Our approach can thus guide mitigation measures, such as allowing natural selection or proactive evolutionary management.
Rheological behavior of Pluronic/Pluronic diacrylate hydrogels used for bacteria encapsulation
Authors: Bhusari Shardul , Hoffmann Maxi , Herbeck-Engel Petra , Sankaran Shrikrishnan , Wilhelm Manfred , del Campo Aránzazu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPluronic (Plu) hydrogels containing Pluronic diacrylate (PluDA) have become popular matrices to encapsulate bacteria in engineered living materials. For this purpose, 30 wt% Plu/PluDA hydrogels with variable fraction of covalently crosslinkable PluDA in the hydrogel composition are used. The degree of covalent crosslinking and the consequent different mechanical properties of the hydrogels have been shown to affect bacteria growth, but a systematic investigation of the mechanical response of the hydrogels is still missing. Here we study the rheological response of 30 wt.% Plu/PluDA hydrogels with increasing PluDA fraction between 0 and 1. We quantify the range of viscoelastic properties that can be covered in this system by varying in the PluDA fraction. We present stress relaxation and creep-recovery experiments, and analyze the variation of the critical yield strain/stress, relaxation and recovery parameters of Plu/PluDA hydrogels as function of the covalent crosslinking degree using the Burgers and Weilbull models. We expect this study to help users of Plu/PluDA hydrogels to estimate the mechanical properties of their systems, and eventually to correlate them with the behaviour of bacteria in future Plu/PluDA devices of similar composition.