bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of policy and management interventions to improve health and care workforce capacity to address the COVID-19 pandemic response: a systematic review
Authors: de Oliveira Ana Paula Cavalcante , Galante Mariana Lopes , Maia Leila Senna , Craveiro Isabel , Silva Alessandra Pereira da , Fronteira Inês , Chança Raphael , Cometto Giorgio , Ferrinho Paulo , Poz Mario Roberto Dal 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted pre-existing weaknesses in health and care systems and services and shortages of health and care workers (HCWs). As a result, policymakers needed to adopt measures to improve the health and care workforce (HCWF) capacity. This review aims to identify countries’ range of policies and management interventions implemented to improve HCWs’ capacity to address the COVID-19 pandemic response, synthesize their evidence on effectiveness, and identify gaps in the evidence.
METHODS
The literature was searched in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, LILACS-BVS, WHO’s COVID-19 Research Database and the ILO, OECD and HSRM websites for literature and documents published between January 2020 and March 2022. Eligibility criteria were HCWs as participants and policy and management interventions aiming to improve HCWF capacity to address the COVID-19 pandemic response. Risk of bias was assessed with Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools (CAT) and certainty of the evidence in presented outcomes with GRADE.
RESULTS
The searches retrieved 3378 documents. A total of 69 were included, but only 8 presented outcomes of interventions implemented. Most of the selected documents described at least one intervention implemented by countries at the organizational environment level to increase the flexibility and capacity of the HCWF to respond to the pandemic, followed by interventions to attract and retain HCWs in safe and decent working environments. There was a lack of studies addressing social protection, human resources for health information systems, and regarding the role of community health workers and other community-based providers. Regarding the risk of bias, most of documents were rated as medium or high quality (JBI’s CAT), while the evidence presented for the outcomes of interventions was classified as mostly low-certainty evidence (GRADE).
CONCLUSION
Countries have implemented various interventions, some innovative, in response to the pandemic, and others had their processes started earlier and accelerated by the pandemic. The evidence regarding the impact and efficacy of the strategies used by countries during the pandemic still requires further research.
Deep-Learning-Based Natural-Language-Processing Models to Identify Cardiovascular Disease Hospitalisations of Diabetic Patients from Routine Visits’ Text
Authors: Guazzo Alessandro , Longato Enrico , Fadini Gian Paolo , Morieri Mario Luca , Sparacino Giovanni , Camillo Barbara Di 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Writing notes is the most widespread method to report clinical events. Therefore, most of the information about the disease history of a patient remains locked behind free-form text. Natural language processing (NLP) provides a solution to automatically transform free-form text into structured data. In the present work, electronic healthcare records data of diabetic patients were used to develop deep-learning based NLP models to automatically identify, within free-form text describing routine visits, the occurrence of hospitalisations related to cardiovascular disease (CVDs), an outcome of diabetes. Four possible time windows of increasing level of expected difficulty were considered: infinite, 24 months, 12 months, and 6 months. Model performance was evaluated by means of the area under the precision recall curve, as well as precision, recall, and F1-score after thresholding. Results showed that the proposed NLP approach was successful for both the infinite and 24-month windows, while, as expected, performance deteriorated with shorter time windows. Possible clinical applications of tools based on the proposed NLP approach include the retrospective filling of medical records with respect to a patient’s CVD history for epidemiological and research purposes as well as for clinical decision making.
Identification and verification of genes associated with hypoxia microenvironment in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Yuan Mingyang , Feng Yanjin , Zhao Mingri , Xu Ting , Li Liuhong , Guo Ke , Hou Deren 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
As the incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) increases year by year, more people begin to study this disease. In recent years, many studies on reactive oxygen species (ROS), neuroinflammation, autophagy, and other fields have confirmed that hypoxia is closely related to AD. However, no researchers have used bioinformatics methods to study the relationship between AD and hypoxia. Therefore, our study aimed to screen the role of hypoxia-related genes in AD and clarify their diagnostic significance. A total of 7681 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in GSE33000 by differential expression analysis and cluster analysis. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to detect 9 modules and 205 hub genes with high correlation coefficients. Next, machine learning algorithms were applied to 205 hub genes and four key genes were selected. Through the verification of external dataset and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), the AD diagnostic model was established by ANTXR2, BDNF and NFKBIA. The bioinformatics analysis results suggest that hypoxia-related genes may increase the risk of AD., However, more in-depth studies are still needed to investigate their association, This article would guide the insights and directions for further research.
Comparison of methods in the serologic diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis
Authors: Erganis Sidre , Sarzhanov Fakhriddin , Al Funda Dogruman , Caglar Kayhan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is caused by the larval form of Echinococcus granulosus. Clinical, radiologic, pathologic, and serologic findings should be evaluated together for the diagnosis of CE. The sensitivity and specificity of serologic tests may vary depending on the method used. In this study, we aimed to detect IgG antibodies specific to E. granulosus using indirect hemagglutination (IHA), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), indirect fluorescent antibodies (IFA) and western blot (WB) tests.
Methods: In our study, the serum samples of 79 patients sent to our laboratory with suspicion of CE were studied using two different commercial IHA tests, ELISA, IFA and WB test. The test results were evaluated with pathology and radyology reports as the gold standard.
Results: Of all the patients, 56 (71%) were female and 23 (29%) were male. There was a statistically significant difference in females (χ2=4.67, p=0.03). Out of 79 patients Siemens IHA, Fumouze IHA, ELISA, IFA and WB test were positive as 35 (44.3%), 39 (49.4%), 46 (58.2%), 45 (57%) and 43 (54.4%), respectively The sensitivity and specificity of Siemens and Fumouze commercial IHAs, ELISA, IFA and WB test were 67.3-96.3%, 78.9-96.3% 86.6-92.6%, 84.62-92.59% and 75-96.3%, respectively.
Conclusion: There were statistically significant differences in all five methods (p<0,001). While the tests with the highest specificity were IHAs and WB, the test with the highest sensitivity was the ELISA test. It was concluded that IHA and ELISA tests were more practical in practice because of their greater applicability.
Statistical Thermodynamics and Data ad Infinitum: Conjugate Variables as Entropic Forces, and their Statistical Variations
Authors: Yang Ying-Jen , Qian Hong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Maximum Entropy principle identifies notions of forces conjugated to observables and the relations between them, independent upon their underlying mechanistic details. For data about state distributions or transition rates, the principle can be derived purely from limit theorems of the idealized infinite data sampling. This derivation from data reveals the empirical origin of the principle and clarify the meaning of applying it to finite but large data. The identified forces lead to symmetry breaking for each particular system that produces the data, e.g. the emergence of time correlation and time irreversibility. We show that the leading-order statistical variations of the observables and the inferred forces satisfy an asymptotic thermodynamic uncertainty principle.
Tree equations and climatic variables effect in the growth of planted forest of Calophyllum brasiliense in Brazil
Authors: Ferreira Wesley Costa , Hakamada Rodrigo Eiji , Berger Rute , Santos Lorena Paulina , Lima Maria Clara Bezerra , Silva Jonatas Carlos , Marçal Igor Gomes , Ferreira Maria Beatriz 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Understanding the effect of climatic variations in tree growth is fundamental in the scenario of climate change. The objectives of this work were to adjust allometric equations to estimate volume and aboveground biomass in a planted forest of Guanandi (Calophyllum brasiliense), a species that has a large potential to be planted in tropical regions because of its potential high growth and its wood quality and to evaluate the influence of meteorological monthly seasonality on its growth. Volumetric was well adjusted with Schumacher-Hall model, with good fit indicators (R²adj = 0.89 and Syx% = 9.74) and both for estimating the aboveground biomass and the plant compartments (leaves, branches and stem) the best fit model was Meyer's. The total wood volume obtained was 100 m3 ha− 1 and an average annual increment for the stand of 10.3 m3 ha− 1 year− 1 at 9.8 years of age. It was observed that the growth of C. brasiliense trees was influenced by meteorological seasonality, and the variation in its growth was better correlated with the subset of the variables maximum and minimum temperature, potential evapotranspiration, actual evapotranspiration and water deficit. From a practical point of view, the study shows that ongoing climate change is going to affect wood growth in this tropical region of Brazil, reducing the potencial of this tropical specie in Carbon sequestration.
A Novel SIGGW Dual Post Band-Pass Filter for 5G Millimeter-Wave Band Applications with a Transmission Zero
Authors: Salehian Kamran , Tayarani Majid 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Integration of planar circuits been considered a credible technique for low-cost mass production of microwave and millimeter-wave circuits and systems. For the first time, in this research a dual-post band-pass filter is designed and simulated in a three-layer substrate integrated gap groove waveguide (SIGGW) for 5G millimeter-wave frequency band applications. The filter includes 12 posts (6 × 2). Also, the structure facilitates to use resonant posts and so we can design the posts to add a transmission zero in lower rejection band. The design theory algorithm and its limitations are investigated based on the circuit model of filter. The results shows that FBW of 5% and a lower band transmission zero for the proposed 12 posts filter. Also, the results are verified by simulation using CST. According to the results, the proposed filter is a good option for Ka-band applications and can be used as the building block for suppressing the LO leakage that is commonly used for up-converting the 5G signal to Ka band.
Impact of Telehealth Implementation on Non-Consultant Hospital Doctors Training Experience
Authors: Piggott Laura , Piggott Simon , Kelly Maureen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Telehealth can be defined as the provision of health care services over a distance. Major health systems, including outpatient clinics and check-ups alike pivoted to telehealth and teleconsultation amid the COVID19 pandemic. There are many recognized advantages of telehealth and its increasing implementation, however, not much is known about the specific impact of remote consultation on quality of non-consultant hospital doctors (NCHD) training experiences. The aim of this study was to gain rich descriptive insights into the specific impact of remote consultation on quality of NCHD training experiences and their own perceptions, through purposeful sampling. Data was collected via semi structured zoom interviews of fifteen NCHD participants. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. The collective transcripts were analysed using NVIVO data software for common themes. The themes identified suggested that there were both advantages and disadvantages to telehealth and its impact on training across a spectrum of entities including; doctor-patient relationship, peer relationships, service provision, work morale, working hours, clinical skills experience and general feedback as a trainee. NCHD perspectives expressed were mixed across all themes. Further research is recommended to advance understanding of the potential impact of telehealth on current and prospective doctors in training. With greater understanding of general insights, future changes, including telehealth training programmes, could be implemented to build confidence and familiarity with telehealth utilization and potentiate it’s conceivable benefits.
Thermal Sensitivity Analysis of a liquid-cooled stator in a PM motor using CFD
Authors: Baile Sireesha 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Electric Vehicles (EVs) are the solution to the current problem of climatic change due to environmental pollution, thereby conserving the environment. The need for faster adoption of EVs has gained massive importance in the field of e-mobility, and intense research is going on to launch it on a large scale of applications. The thermal management of the motor in an EV is an essential aspect because the electrical insulation has a temperature limit, affecting its efficiency. As part of the motor development, Flow and Conjugate Heat Transfer (CHT) analysis of the liquid-cooled stator has been carried out using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). CFD bestows the advantage of visualizing the flows and temperature distributions in 3D. This paper deals with the thermal sensitivity analysis of the coolant flow path to study the various parameters affecting the flow in the stator. CHT studies are done by modelling all the fluid and solid domains. The effect of the mass flow rate of coolant, coolant inlet temperature, type of coolant, and heat loss on thermal parameters such as heat transfer coefficient (HTC), coolant temperatures, winding temperatures, and stator temperatures are discussed. The predicted flow and temperature results have been validated with the experimental test data, and the CFD results were within 3% of the experimental data.
Performance, meat quality and blood parameters in four strains of organic broilers differ according to range use
Authors: Bonnefous Claire , Collin Anne , Guilloteau Laurence A. , Germain Karine , Ravon Laure , Bordeau Thierry , Chartrin Pascal , Godet Estelle , Cailleau-Audouin Estelle , Couroussé Nathalie , Raynaud Emilie , Mignon-Grasteau Sandrine , Reverchon Maxime , Mattioli Simona , Castellini Cesare , Angelucci Elisa , Guesdon Vanessa , Calandreau Ludovic , Berri Cécile , Bihan-Duval Elisabeth Le 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Chicken meat production in organic systems involves free-range access where animals can express foraging and locomotor behaviours. These behaviours may promote outdoor feed intake, but at the same time induce a loss of energy in exploring. More generally, the relationship of range use with metabolism, welfare, health, growth performance and meat quality needs to be better understood. We studied four strains of intermediate (JA757) to slow-growing (S757N, White Bresse and a dual-purpose strain) meat-type chickens with outdoor access. We selected 25 males high- (HR) and low-rangers (LR) per strain. Only in JA757, HR exhibited lower body weight before range access, which may have predisposed them to use the range more. Carcass weight and/or carcass yield were significantly lower in HR compared to LR, showing a negative trade-off between range use and growth performance in all strains. Breast meat yellowness was higher in HR compared to LR in JA757 and the dual-purpose strain, probably due to carotenoids intake from the grass. No relationship between range use and welfare indicators at slaughter was reported whatever the strain. Chicken metabolism differed by range use as HR and LR diverged for blood biomarkers of oxidative and metabolic status, innate and inflammatory system response.
Relevance of snow cover in the implementation of plant conservation and restoration and restoration plans in high mountain peaks: Are we ready to lose the snow in the Mediterranean mountains?
Authors: Avila Jose Antonio Algarra , Cariñanos Paloma , Ramos-Lorente María del Mar 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This study aims to analyse the effects that snow cover may have on the survival of one-year-old seedlings from 15 different taxa in high Mediterranean mountains (Sierra Nevada National ParK, SE Spain) in order to have a clear criteria for the planning and management of restoration efforts in these environments. Additionally, the influence of variables that have been scarcely explored up to now is also revised.
Using the survival rates of the seedlings carried out in the ecological restoration trial as a reference value, the achieved success (survival) is analysed based on a series of variables to evaluate their
effects.
The results confirm that the permanence of snow is a favourable variable for plant survival, independently of the plant community. Contrastly, a specific substrate (stones and rocks) stands out for being clearly unfavourable, regardless of other variables. For altitude, a clear tendency to worsen the survival rate is observed as it increases. The species’ geographic ranges were all shown to be unfavourable for those taxa of boreo-alpine distribution. Solar radiation seems to be a more unfavourable variable as it increases. And finally, the plant community does not significantly impact results in any sense.
These results provide novel indications to improve the results of restoration work in Mediterranean high mountains. It is also valuable for the management and cataloguing of threatened flora, as well as they have direct applications in Recovery Plans and Protection Lists.
Positive Francisella tularensis meningitis outcome despite the delay of identification: a case report
Authors: Mäki-Koivisto Vesa , Korkala Marianne , Simola Lotta , Suutari-Kontio Sonja , Koivunen Sini , Puhto Teija , Junttila Ilkka S. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Francisella tularensis is a gram negative bacteria, that may cause a zoonotic disease, tularemia. We describe here a patient case, where previously healthy young woman in Northern Finland contacted primary/occupational health care as she had fever and headache. Due to the symptoms and lack of further diagnostic tools in the primary health care, the patient was transferred to University Hospital (UH). There she received empirically ampicillin and cetriaxone. In the UH the cerebrospinal fluid sample (CSF) was drawn and subsequently scarce growth of small gram negative bacteria was observed. Maldi-tof did not provide identification, but the bacteria was found to be sensitive to ciprofloxacin with disk diffusion method and subsequently the treatment was redirected to ciprofloxacin. During the time patient was infected, there were several positive tularemia samples found in the area. Therefore, in house tularemia nucleic acid method (PCR) was used on the growing bacteria. Additionally, 16S rDNA sequencing was performed and these methods identified the bacteria as F. tularensis spp. holarctica. Fortunately, the patient recovered completely with ciprofloxacin and was discharged without any further complications or permanent side effects. Our case underlines the need to fully understand the limits of specific diagnostic methods such as Maldi-tof used in clinical laboratory settings.
Evaluation of the surface characteristics and antibacterial properties of TiO2 nanotube and Methacryloyloxyethylphosphorylcholine (MPC) coated orthodontic brackets-A Comparative Invitro study
Authors: Rao Madhura , V Ashith M , Suman Ethel , Isloor Arun S , Shetty Neetha J , N Srikant 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objectives
White spot lesions is the most common iatrogenic effect observed post orthodontic treatment. This study aimed to compare the surface characteristics such as morphology, roughness, and antibacterial action of uncoated and coated orthodontic brackets. 1
Materials and Methods
Sixty commercially available stainless steel brackets were coated with TiO2 nanotubes and methacryloyloxyethylphosphorylcholine (MPC). The surface roughness was assessed with AFM and surface topography using SEM. Streptococcus mutans was selected to test the antibacterial ability of the orthodontic brackets. Measurement of total bacterial adhesion was performed using the optical density (OD) method. Bacterial viability was assessed by counting colony forming units (CFU). The brackets were subjected to SEM to detect the biofilm. 2
Results
The computed results indicate that surface roughness was the greatest in uncoated orthodontic brackets. TiO2NT-coated brackets exhibited the least surface roughness, followed by TiO2 NT + MPC- and MPC-coated brackets. The OD values were highest in uncoated orthodontic brackets with TiO2 NT + MPC having the lowest OD values. Comparison of colony counts showed the highest counts in uncoated orthodontic brackets and the lowest counts in the TiO2 NT + MPC group. A positive correlation between surface roughness and colony counts was obtained but was not statistically significant.
Conclusions
The coated orthodontic brackets exhibited less surface roughness than the uncoated orthodontic brackets. TiO2 NT+MPC-coated orthodontic brackets showed the best antibacterial properties.
Clinical Relevance:
Coated orthodontic brackets prevent adhesion of streptococcus mutans onto its surface and reduces plaque accumulation around the brackets thereby reducing the formation of white spot lesions post orthodontic treatment.
A Novel Transactive Energy Market Model for Residential Energy Hubs
Authors: Kidd Braden 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The rise of distributed energy generation and storage is creating new opportunities for energy consumers to actively engage with energy markets. Achieving these potential benefits will require the implementation of new business models to address limitations of existing market structures. One promising area of research involves the use of peer to peer trading systems via residential energy hubs. These local area trading systems can increase renewable energy generation through improved infrastructure utilisation and financial returns. However, facilitating these trading systems is challenging due to the constraints of physical laws and energy losses. The model presented in this paper addresses these challenges by demonstrating a transactive energy market structure for local energy trading that accounts for physical constraints and losses. It fairly allocates the gains of trade and incentivises agents to minimise distribution losses. This market structure can be implemented with existing metering data and approximate values of electrical distribution network properties.