bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel unbinned model-independent method to measure the CKM angle γ in B± → DK± decays with optimised precision
Authors: Lane Jake , Gersabeck Evelina , Rademacker Jonas 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We present a novel unbinned method to combine B± → DK± and charm threshold data for the amplitude-model unbiased measurement of the CKM angle γ in cases where the D meson decays to a three-body final state. The new unbinned approach avoids any kind of integration over the D Dalitz plot, to make optimal use the available information. We verify the method with simulated signal data where the D decays to KSπ+π−. Using realistic sample sizes, we find that the new method reaches the statistical precision on γ of an unbinned model-dependent fit, i.e. as good as possible and better than the widely used model-independent binned approach, without suffering from biases induced by a mis-modeled D decay amplitude.
Magnetite trace element characteristics and their use as a proximity indicator to the Avoca Tank Cu-Au prospect, Girilambone copper province, New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Simpson Brenainn , Fitzherbert Joel , Moltzen Jake , Baillie Ian , Cox Brad , Huang Huiqing 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe Avoca Tank orebody is one of a series of copper-rich orebodies occurring within the Girilambone Cu province of central New South Wales. Mineralisation at Avoca Tank is hosted within several narrow, chloritic, greenschist-facies shear zones which developed ~430 Ma (U-Pb titanite) within metasedimentary rocks around the margins of an Ordovician (ca. 470 Ma) mafic sill complex. Mineralisation at Avoca Tank preserves an early oxide phase (sulfide barren) as magnetite-rich shears that are overprinted by a pyrite-chalcopyrite-rich sulfide phase. The mineralogical and chemical footprint surrounding sulfide mineralisation is narrow (<50 m) offering limited ore vectoring using mineralogical and chemical change. However, magnetite-rich shears occur external to and within sulfide mineralised intervals, and magnetite within these shears displays distinctive trace element variation depending on proximity to Cu mineralisation. Changing magnetite trace element chemistry with increasing Cu abundance at Avoca Tank is best represented by two ternary systems. A ternary plot of Ni-V-Ti effectively separates magnetite from unmineralised zones via Ni abundance, while the ratio of Ti to V effectively separates magnetite from low-, moderate- and high-grade Cu zones. A ternary plot of Sn (100*Sn)-Zn-Ni effectively discriminates between unmineralised, low-grade and combined moderate- to high-grade zones. The greatest control here is the ratio of Zn to Sn, but the inclusion of Ni abundance provides a greater separation between low- versus combined high- and moderate-grade ore. Many of the trace element trends recorded in magnetite are mirrored in the overprinting sulfides. We propose a two-phase mineralising system, with initial development of chemically uniform, sulfide barren magnetite-chlorite-rich shear zones in proximity to the margins of older mafic sills. A subsequent, and potentially hotter (+60 °C), fluid harvested the early oxide for Fe, with the partial replacement, recrystallisation and re-equilibration magnetite within a sulfide-rich hydrothermal fluid under greenschist facies metamorphic conditions. As many known orebodies in the Girilambone Cu province are associated with magnetite-rich gangue, magnetic surveys are an effective exploration technique. Based on this pilot study, mapping trace element variation in magnetite within these bodies is an additional ore-vectoring technique in the search for economic Cu mineralisation in this province.
High-pitch CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) with ultra-low contrast medium volume for the detection of pulmonary embolism: a comparison with standard CTPA
Authors: Schönfeld Tobias , Seitz Patrick , Krieghoff Christian , Ponorac Slavica , Wötzel Alexander , Olthoff Stefan , Schaudt Sebastian , Steglich Jonas , Gutberlet Matthias , Gohmann Robin F. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the feasibility and image quality of high-pitch CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) with reduced iodine volume in normal weight patients.

Methods
In total, 81 normal weight patients undergoing CTPA for suspected pulmonary arterial embolism were retrospectively included: 41 in high-pitch mode with 20 mL of contrast medium (CM); and 40 with normal pitch and 50 mL of CM. Subjective image quality was assessed and rated on a 3-point scale. For objective image quality, attenuation and noise values were measured in all pulmonary arteries from the trunk to segmental level. Contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) was calculated. Radiation dose estimations were recorded.

Results
There were no statistically significant differences in patient and scan demographics between high-pitch and standard CTPA. Subjective image quality was rated good to excellent in over 90% of all exams with no significant group differences (p = 0.32). Median contrast opacification was lower in high-pitch CTPA (283.18 [216.06–368.67] HU, 386.81 [320.57–526.12] HU; p = 0.0001). CNR reached a minimum of eight in all segmented arteries, but was lower in high-pitch CTPA (8.79 [5.82–12.42], 11.01 [9.19–17.90]; p = 0.005). Median effective dose of high-pitch CTPA was lower (1.04 [0.72–1.27] mSv/mGy·cm; 1.49 [1.07–2.05] mSv/mGy·cm; p < 0.0001).

Conclusion
High-pitch CTPA using ultra-low contrast volume (20 mL) rendered diagnostic images for the detection of pulmonary arterial embolism in most instances. Compared to standard CTPA, the high-pitch CTPA exams with drastically reduced contrast medium volume had also concomitantly reduced radiation exposure. However, objective image quality of high-pitch CTPA was worse, though likely still within acceptable limits for confident diagnosis.

Clinical relevance
This study provides valuable insights on the performance of a high-pitch dual-source CTPA protocol, offering potential benefits in reducing contrast medium and radiation dose while maintaining sufficient image quality for accurate diagnosis in patients suspected of pulmonary embolism.

Key Points
• High-pitch CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) with ultra-low volume of contrast medium and reduced radiation dose renders diagnostic examinations with comparable subjective image quality to standard CTPA in most patients.
• Objective image quality of high-pitch CTPA is reduced compared to standard CTPA, but contrast opacification and contrast-to-noise ratio remain above diagnostic thresholds.
• Challenges of high-pitch CTPA may potentially be encountered in patients with severe heart failure or when performing a Valsalva maneuver during the examination.
Myeloperoxidase is a critical mediator of anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy
Authors: Nettersheim Felix Sebastian , Schlüter Johannes David , Kreuzberg Wiebke , Mehrkens Dennis , Grimm Simon , Nemade Harshal , Braumann Simon , Hof Alexander , Guthoff Henning , Peters Vera , Hoyer Friedrich Felix , Kargapolova Yulia , Lackmann Jan-Wilm , Müller Stefan , Pallasch Christian P. , Hallek Michael , Sachinidis Agapios , Adam Matti , Winkels Holger , Baldus Stephan , Geißen Simon , Mollenhauer Martin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCardiotoxicity is a major complication of anthracycline therapy that negatively impacts prognosis. Effective pharmacotherapies for prevention of anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy (AICM) are currently lacking. Increased plasma levels of the neutrophil-derived enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) predict occurrence of AICM in humans. We hypothesized that MPO release causally contributes to AICM. Mice intravenously injected with the anthracycline doxorubicin (DOX) exhibited higher neutrophil counts and MPO levels in the circulation and cardiac tissue compared to saline (NaCl)-treated controls. Neutrophil-like HL-60 cells exhibited increased MPO release upon exposition to DOX. DOX induced extensive nitrosative stress in cardiac tissue alongside with increased carbonylation of sarcomeric proteins in wildtype but not in Mpo−/− mice. Accordingly, co-treatment of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) with DOX and MPO aggravated loss of hiPSC-CM-contractility compared to DOX treatment alone. DOX-treated animals exhibited pronounced cardiac apoptosis and inflammation, which was attenuated in MPO-deficient animals. Finally, genetic MPO deficiency and pharmacological MPO inhibition protected mice from the development of AICM. The anticancer efficacy of DOX was unaffected by MPO deficiency. Herein we identify MPO as a critical mediator of AICM. We demonstrate that DOX induces cardiac neutrophil infiltration and release of MPO, which directly impairs cardiac contractility through promoting oxidation of sarcomeric proteins, cardiac inflammation and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. MPO thus emerges as a promising pharmacological target for prevention of AICM.
Prevalence and severity of pediatric emergencies in a German helicopter emergency service: implications for training and service configuration
Authors: Mockler Stefan , Metelmann Camilla , Metelmann Bibiana , Thies Karl Christian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study primarily aims to determine the frequency of life-threatening conditions among pediatric patients served by the DRF, a German helicopter emergency service (HEMS) provider. It also seeks to explore the necessity of invasive procedures in this population, discussing the implications for HEMS crew training and service configuration based on current literature. We analyzed the mission registry from 31 DRF helicopter bases in Germany, focusing on 7954 children aged 10 or younger over a 5-year period (2014–2018). Out of 7954 identified children (6.2% of all primary missions), 2081 (26.2%) had critical conditions. Endotracheal intubation was needed in 6.5% of cases, while alternative airway management methods were rare (n = 14). Half of the children required intravenous access, and 3.6% needed intraosseous access. Thoracostomy thoracentesis and sonography were only performed in isolated cases. Conclusions: Critically ill or injured children are infrequent in German HEMS operations. Our findings suggest that the likelihood of HEMS teams encountering such cases is remarkably low. Besides endotracheal intubation, life-saving invasive procedures are seldom necessary. Consequently, we conclude that on-the-job training and mission experience alone are insufficient for acquiring and maintaining the competencies needed to care for critically ill or injured children.

What is Known:• Pediatric emergencies are relatively rare in the prehospital setting, but their incidence is higher in helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) compared to ground-based emergency services.

What is New:• On average, HEMS doctors in Germany encounter a critically ill or injured child approximately every 1.5 years in their practice, establish an IV or IO access in infants or toddlers every 2 years, and intubate an infant every 46 years.• This low frequency highlights the insufficiency of on-the-job training alone to develop and maintain pediatric skills among HEMS crews. Specific interdisciplinary training for HEMS crews is needed to ensure effective care for critically unwell pediatric patients.
Incidence, survival, and prognostic factors for patients with gastrointestinal mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms: a SEER population-based study
Authors: Xu Boqi , Zhang Fan , Wu Runda , Peng Yao , Mao Zhongqi , Tong Shan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs) are a group of rare tumors with limited research currently available. This study aimed to analyze the incidence, survival, and prognostic factors of gastrointestinal MiNENs.

Methods
We included data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 2000 and 2019. We compared the clinicopathologic characteristics and survival rates between MiNENs and neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), and calculated the incidence of MiNENs. We utilized univariate and multivariate Cox analysis to assess independent factors of prognosis and established a nomogram to predict 1-, 2-, and 3-year cancer-specific survival (CSS). Calibration and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to validate the accuracy and reliability of the model. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to assess the clinical utility of the model.

Results
Patients with gastrointestinal MiNENs had a poorer prognosis than those with NETs. The overall incidence of gastrointestinal MiNENs has been increasing annually. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that tumor size, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and surgery were independent risk factors for CSS in MiNENs patients. Based on these risk factors, the 1-, 2-, and 3-year CSS nomogram model for MiNENs patients was established. Calibration, ROC, and DCA curves of the training and validation sets demonstrated that this model had good accuracy and clinical utility.

Conclusion
Gastrointestinal MiNENs are rare tumors with an increasing incidence rate. The nomogram model is expected to be an effective tool for personalized prognosis prediction in MiNENs patients, which may benefit clinical decision-making.
Wood anatomical spectrum of co-occurring species in early and late-successional tropical dry forest communities
Authors: Romero Eunice , Terrazas Teresa , González Edgar J. , Meave Jorge A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Key message
Analysis of wood anatomical traits revealed that drought tolerance predominates in early-successional communities, and vessel variability is relevant for species’ ecological success in seasonally dry tropical environments.

Abstract
Successional tropical dry forests harbor a diverse array of species subjected to a strong seasonal precipitation regime. Considering that wood encompasses diverse functional properties related to stem hydraulics and mechanical support, in this study, we asked which quantitative anatomical traits are exhibited by co-occurring species in early (EC)- and late (LC)-successional communities. We used generalized linear mixed-effects models to estimate and compare means and standard deviations of wood traits (vessel area, vessel density, vessel grouping, and fiber dimensions) between eight EC and between 13 LC co-occurring species. Wood traits were highly heterogeneous. High vessel redundancy, a property associated with water safety involved in the prevention of hydraulic failure, prevails among species coexisting in EC but is maintained through succession by the same species in LC. Highly variable fiber dimensions indicate that species coexisting in LC possess different characteristics associated with mechanical resistance. Low wood density species typical of LC, which are absent from EC, displayed wood anatomical features associated with drought-evasion mechanisms. This result implies that deforestation not only reduces taxonomic but also functional diversity. Future research should adopt a standard deviation analysis approach, as this will allow confirming the high variability in vessel diameter, even in diffuse porous species, as a key feature for the ecological success of plants facing succession-driven changes in seasonally dry environments.
A techno-economic study on the co-production of syngas and activated carbon from waste tyre gasification process
Authors: Fajimi L. I. , Oboirien B. O. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWaste tyre gasification offers a variety of benefits amongst which include the production of syngas—an alternate source of energy generation and activated carbon (AC)—a very good adsorbent used in industrial purification processes. In this study, a conceptual design of an industrial production plant design process and economic analysis of waste tyre gasification process for the co-production of syngas and AC were evaluated. Three reactor configurations namely: fluidized bed, fixed bed, and rotary kiln gasifiers were investigated in the design process. The design process put into consideration the total plant cost (TPC), total capital investment (TCI), the cost of raw materials, waste disposal cost, amongst other vital economic parameters. The fixed bed reactor has the highest syngas and AC production with 10,130 kg/h and 214.61 kg/h, respectively when compared to the other gasifiers. The minimum selling price (MSP) of syngas was set as 1$/kg and AC was set at $2/kg. The result obtained shows that the fixed bed production route was the most economical amongst the three reactor configurations considered. The fixed bed route has a net present value (NPV) of 435 M$, return on investment (ROI) of 56%, internal rate of return (IRR) of 54%, and a payback period (PBP) of 4.86 years. Finally, a sensitivity analysis considering a $$\pm $$
±
20% variation in key economic parameters such as the syngas MSP, inflation rate, interest rate, tax rate, operating expenditure (OPEX), and capital expenditure (CAPEX) amongst others was investigated. The analysis shows that the syngas MSP, OPEX, inflation rate, and CAPEX have the most effect on the NPV of the waste tyre gasification process.
Vibration control of fluid-conveying pipes: a state-of-the-art review
Authors: Ding Hu , Ji J. C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFluid-conveying pipes are widely used to transfer bulk fluids from one point to another in many engineering applications. They are subject to various excitations from the conveying fluids, the supporting structures, and the working environment, and thus are prone to vibrations such as flow-induced vibrations and acoustic-induced vibrations. Vibrations can generate variable dynamic stress and large deformation on fluid-conveying pipes, leading to vibration-induced fatigue and damage on the pipes, or even leading to failure of the entire piping system and catastrophic accidents. Therefore, the vibration control of fluid-conveying pipes is essential to ensure the integrity and safety of pipeline systems, and has attracted considerable attention from both researchers and engineers. The present paper aims to provide an extensive review of the state-of-the-art research on the vibration control of fluid-conveying pipes. The vibration analysis of fluid-conveying pipes is briefly discussed to show some key issues involved in the vibration analysis. Then, the research progress on the vibration control of fluid-conveying pipes is reviewed from four aspects in terms of passive control, active vibration control, semi-active vibration control, and structural optimization design for vibration reduction. Furthermore, the main results of existing research on the vibration control of fluid-conveying pipes are summarized, and future promising research directions are recommended to address the current research gaps. This paper contributes to the understanding of vibration control of fluid-conveying pipes, and will help the research work on the vibration control of fluid-conveying pipes attract more attention.
Novel Insights into Somatic Comorbidities in Children and Adolescents Across Psychiatric Diagnoses: An Explorative Study
Authors: Muskens Jet B. , Ester Wietske A. , Klip Helen , Zinkstok Janneke , van Dongen-Boomsma Martine , Staal Wouter G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMany children with psychiatric disorders display somatic symptoms, although these are frequently overlooked. As somatic morbidity early in life negatively influences long-term outcomes, it is relevant to assess comorbidity. However, studies of simultaneous psychiatric and somatic assessment in children are lacking. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of somatic comorbidities in a clinical sample of children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders in a naturalistic design. Data were assessed from 276 children with various psychiatric disorders (neurodevelopmental disorders, affective disorders, eating disorders and psychosis) aged 6–18 years. These data were collected as part of routine clinical assessment, including physical examination and retrospectively analyzed. For a subsample (n = 97), blood testing on vitamin D3, lipid spectrum, glucose and prolactin was available. Results of this cross-sectional study revealed that food intake problems (43%) and insomnia (66%) were common. On physical examination, 20% of the children were overweight, 12% displayed obesity and 38% had minor physical anomalies. Blood testing (n = 97) highlighted vitamin D3 deficiency (< 50 nmol/L) in 73% of the children. None of the predefined variables (gender, age, medication and socioeconomic factors) contributed significantly to the prevalence of somatic comorbidities. The main somatic comorbidities in this broad child- and adolescent psychiatric population consisted of (1) problems associated with food intake, including obesity and vitamin D3 deficiency and (2) sleeping problems, mainly insomnia. Child and adolescent psychiatrists need to be aware of potential somatic comorbidities and may promote a healthy lifestyle.
Normal Approximation of Kabanov–Skorohod Integrals on Poisson Spaces
Authors: Last G. , Molchanov I. , Schulte M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe consider the normal approximation of Kabanov–Skorohod integrals on a general Poisson space. Our bounds are for the Wasserstein and the Kolmogorov distance and involve only difference operators of the integrand of the Kabanov–Skorohod integral. The proofs rely on the Malliavin–Stein method and, in particular, on multiple applications of integration by parts formulae. As examples, we study some linear statistics of point processes that can be constructed by Poisson embeddings and functionals related to Pareto optimal points of a Poisson process.
A Stochastic Model of an Early Warning System for Detecting Anomalous Incidence Values of COVID-19
Authors: Duarte Ana Filipa , Soares Amílcar , Pereira Maria João , Peralta-Santos André , Leite Pedro Pinto , Azevedo Leonardo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe ability to identify and predict outbreaks during epidemic and pandemic events is critical to the development and implementation of effective mitigation measures by the relevant health and political authorities. However, the spatiotemporal prediction of such diseases is not straightforward due to the highly non-linear behaviour of its evolution in both space and time. The methodology proposed herein is the basis of an early warning system to predict short-term anomalous values (i.e., high and low values) of the incidence of COVID-19 at the municipality level for mainland Portugal. The proposed modelling tool combines stochastic sequential simulation and machine learning, namely symbolic regression, to model the spatiotemporal evolution of the disease. The machine learning component is used to model the 14-day incidence rate curves of COVID-19, as provided by the Portuguese Directorate-General for Health, while the geostatistical simulation component models the spatial distribution of these predictions, for a simulation grid comprising the metropolitan area of Lisbon, following a pre-defined spatial continuity pattern. The method is illustrated for a period of 5 months during 2021, and considering the entire set of 19 municipalities belonging to the metropolitan area of Lisbon, Portugal. The results show the ability of the early warning system to predict and detect anomalous high and low incidence rate values for different periods of the pandemic event during this period.