bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applicability of VGGish embedding in bee colony monitoring: comparison with MFCC in colony sound classification
Authors: Di Nayan , Sharif Muhammad Zahid , Hu Zongwen , Xue Renjie , Yu Baizhong 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundBee colony sound is a continuous, low-frequency buzzing sound that varies with the environment or the colony’s behavior and is considered meaningful. Bees use sounds to communicate within the hive, and bee colony sounds investigation can reveal helpful information about the circumstances in the colony. Therefore, one crucial step in analyzing bee colony sounds is to extract appropriate acoustic feature.MethodsThis article uses VGGish (a visual geometry group—like audio classification model) embedding and Mel-frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC) generated from three bee colony sound datasets, to train four machine learning algorithms to determine which acoustic feature performs better in bee colony sound recognition.ResultsThe results showed that VGGish embedding performs better than or on par with MFCC in all three datasets.
Study on the mutual relation between uses and room areas in the conversion of closed schools
Authors: Yamaoka Yasuhiro , Komatsu Hisashi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to analyze the relationship between the combination of uses and the distribution of room areas in the conversion of closed public schools in Japan. Four combinations of uses and three distributions of room spaces were extracted from 109 cases of closed schools nationwide. Based on the above categorizations, 11 cases were analyzed in detail. Additionally, an analysis of the zoning and renovation methods clarified that ground floors were zoned for multiple uses, whereas upper floors were zoned and renovated according to their respective uses.
Phase Change Materials for Life Science Applications
Authors: Zare Mina , Mikkonen Kirsi S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPhase change materials (PCMs) are a class of thermo‐responsive materials that can be utilized to trigger a phase transition which gives them thermal energy storage capacity. Any material with a high heat of fusion is referred to as a PCM that is able to provide cutting‐edge thermal storage. PCMs are commercially used in many applications like textile industry, coating, and cold storage typically for heat control. These intriguing substances have recently been rediscovered and employed in a broad range of life science applications, including biological, human body, biomedical, pharmaceutical, food, and agricultural applications. Benefiting from the changes in physicochemical properties during the phase transition makes PCMs also functional for barcoding, detection, and storage. Paraffin wax and polyethylene glycol are the most commonly studied PCMs due to their low toxicity, biocompatibility, high thermal stability, high latent enthalpy, relatively wide transition temperature range, and ease of chemical modification. Current challenges in employing PCMs for life science applications include biosafety and/or engineering difficulties. The focus of this review article is on the life science applications, evaluation, and safety aspects of PCMs. Herein, the advances and the potential of employing PCMs as a versatile platform for various types of life science applications are highlighted.
Boosting Hydrogen Evolution in Neutral Medium by Accelerating Water Dissociation with Ru Clusters Loaded on Mo2CTx MXene
Authors: Wu Yanze , Wang Lin , Bo Tao , Chai Zhifang , Gibson John K. , Shi Weiqun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractElectrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in mild neutral medium is a compelling goal for environmentally sustainable energy conversion, but its development is greatly limited by slow kinetics. Platinum group noble metals exhibit ultra‐high HER activities, but their scarcity and performance instability restrict wide application. Herein, taking advantage of excellent catalyst carrier properties of 2D‐layered transition metal carbides (MXenes), highly dispersed of Ru clusters anchored on Mo2CTx MXene are demonstrated as a superior HER electrocatalyst, which is prepared by a facile in situ reduction strategy. The as‐prepared Ru/Mo2CTx catalyst exhibits a very low overpotential of 73 mV to achieve a current density of −10 mA cm−2 and Tafel slope of 57 mV dec−1 in neutral medium, surpassing performance of most previously reported MXene‐based catalysts. In addition, Ru/Mo2CTx catalyst also presents superior stability compared to commercial Pt/C. Experimental results and theoretical calculations indicate that the interaction between Ru clusters modulates the electronic structure of active sites and promotes H2O dissociation and hydrogen desorption.
Photopatternable High‐kPolysilsesquioxane Dielectrics for Organic Integrated Devices: Effects of UV Curing on Chemical and Electrical Properties
Authors: Ye Heqing , Park Eunji , Shin Su Cheol , Murali G. , Kim Daehyun , Lee Jihoon , Kim In Ho , Kim Sung‐Jin , Kim Se Hyun , Jeong Yong Jin , In Insik 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPolysilsesquioxanes (PSQs) have generated great interest as solution‐processable inorganic polymers for obtaining high‐dielectric‐constant (k) dielectrics. Engineering the side chains in PSQs can enhance the polarization characteristics and provide different functionalities, such as photopatternability and ferroelectric performance. In this study, two types of UV curable high‐kPSQs are prepared by introducing epoxy‐containing side chains to the PSQs: 1) glycidyl epoxy‐containing linear groups and 2) bulky cycloaliphatic epoxy‐containing groups. The physical, chemical, and electrical properties of these two materials after UV curing are investigated. Both PSQ films show high dielectric strength and are successfully patterned after exposure to UV light. The structure of the side chains influences the UV curing behavior and capacitance characteristics of the PSQ dielectrics. These differences determine the driving behavior of the fabricated organic thin‐film transistors, which exhibits either stable or ferroelectric operation. Finally, logic gates and memory cells exhibiting low‐voltage and non‐destructive operations are successfully integrated using UV cured PSQs. This approach for engineering PSQs with the purpose of achieving desirable photopatternability and high dielectric or ferroelectric performance can be used to realize simple and inexpensive solution‐processing techniques for next generation integrated electronics.
Nanocatalyzed PtNi Alloy Intact @3D Graphite Felt as an Effective Electrode for Super Power Redox Flow Battery
Authors: Mariyappan Karuppusamy , Mahalakshmi Thiyagarajan , Roshni Thangampillai Senthilkumar , Ragupathy Pitchai , Ulaganathan Mani 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA zinc‐bromine redox flow battery (RFB) is highly suitable for high‐energy storage due to its decoupled energy and power generation. However, the poor kinetics and poor reversible behavior of Br2/Br− redox activity are some of the significant barriers, and as a result, the flow system delivers low power density. To increase the efficiency of the flow cell, in the present work, bimetallic catalysts are deposited on 3D graphite felt network and are used in the positive electrode for enhancing the kinetics of the Br2/Br− redox reaction. The platinum–nickel (PtNi) bimetallic composition is optimized, and the highly improved performances are investigated using half‐cell and flow‐cell assembly. The redox kinetics parameters are improved due to the high electro‐catalytic nature of the heat‐treated Ni‐rich PtNi coating on the graphite felt (GF) and the flow cell is operated up to 140 mA cm−2. The flow cell with Pt0.5Ni1@GF delivers an impressive ever‐best power density of around 1550 mW cm−2. The cycle life shows excellent stability up to 300 cycles with coulombic, voltage, and energy efficiency of 97%, 86%, and 83%, respectively. Thus, the present work offers a promising approach to developing effective electrode materials for obtaining a superpower RFB system.
Understanding Substrate Mechanics and Chemo‐Mechanical Behavior of Columnar Silicon Films to Enable Deformation Free Anodes for High‐Energy Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Cangaz Sahin , Lohrberg Oliver , Abendroth Thomas , Heubner Christian , Schmidt Florian , Althues Holger , Dörfler Susanne , Michaelis Alexander , Kaskel Stefan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractColumnar silicon (col‐Si) is a great candidate as anode material to achieve volumetric energy density, outperforming state‐of‐the‐art lithium‐ion batteries. The utilization of col‐Si in industrial scale is mainly restricted by poor cyclic life originating from immense volumetric expansion of Si, resulting in mechanical failure of the electrode. Understanding the mechanic and breathing behavior of col‐Si films coupled with copper current collectors (Cu‐CC) is therefore crucial to mitigate the above‐mentioned issues. In this study, structure‐mechanical changes of col‐Si anodes, which are induced by stress evolution upon (de‐)lithiation of Si, are investigated via operando electrochemical dilatometry and in situ thickness monitoring on material and stack level depending on Cu‐CC thickness (10 and 18 µm) and state‐of‐charge/balancing factor (SoC / N/P ratio). Employing moderately thick Cu‐CC (18 µm) prohibits electrode deformation significantly, achieving energy densities of 1101 and 873 Wh L−1 in multilayered‐pouch cells for N/P ratios of 1.1 and 2.0, respectively. The volume uptake that takes place after the first cycle can strongly be reduced from ∆Vcell stack: 55% to 25% by adapting N/P: 2.0 instead of 1.1. Even after volumetric growth (lithiated state), energy densities around 700 Wh L−1 are still achievable, confirming the feasibility of the col‐Si approach.
In Situ All‐Weather Humidity Visualization by Using a Hydrophilic Sponge
Authors: Xue Cheng , Zhang Shu‐Xin , Zeng Feng‐Lian , Dong Hui , Ma Shu‐Hua , Luo Yang‐Hui 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHumidity visualization is of significant importance across both the living systems and the industrial processes, which remains a huge challenge. Herein, for the first time, a hydrophilic sponge, which is composed of rigid gel and super hygroscopic material, has been demonstrated capable of all‐weather humidity visualization in a portable, convenient, economical, and in situ manner. This promising aspect is attributed to the effective all‐weather humidity capture and various color display as a response to the humidity capture capacity, of the super hygroscopic material; as well as the rapid humidity transport and excellent humidity storage ability provided by the porous rigid gel. As a consequence, combined with a smartphone, the invisible information on the environment's relative humidity levels, on the one hand, can be correlated qualitatively with the specific color display of the sponge; on the other hand, it can be correlated quantitatively with the specific color intensity, providing a pretty good smart model for humidity visualization in various complex environments. The present humidity visualization technology may open up a new avenue for the development of novel humidity sensors with a wide range of practical applications.
Liquid Metal‐Carbon Fiber Thermocouple Array for Detection of Human Thermal Parameters
Authors: Wang Dawei , Wang Yushu , Chang Hao , Dou Mengjia , Rao Wei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractContinuous and accurate measurement of human thermophysical properties has become a vital research field in non‐invasive physiological diagnosis. However, traditional electronic devices have been greatly restricted due to the disadvantages of large volume, heavy weight, and mechanical rigidity. In this work, a kind of fiber‐structured LMs thermocouples composed of LMs fibers and nickel‐coated carbon fibers to solve the dilemma of good thermoelectric performance and sufficient flexibility is synthesized. With high thermoelectric properties as well as flexibility and knittability, the fiber‐structured LMs thermocouples can be assembled into a thermocouple array for multipoint temperature measurement in living organisms. While the nickel‐coated carbon fiber as the electric heating component further endowed the heating function for the fiber‐structured LMs thermocouples array, thus a linear heat source‐pulse heating method is successfully developed for qualitative/quantitative thermophysical parameters measurement (including thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, and blood perfusion rate). Collectively, the fiber‐structured LMs thermocouple array has shown promising prospects in human physiological measurement and thermophysical properties measurement.
Pulse Electrochemically Driven Multilayer Assembly of Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotube/Polypyrrole/Tellurium Composite Films for Ultra‐High‐Performance Flexible Thermoelectric Applications
Authors: Li Yang , Gao Cai‐Yan , Fan Xin‐Heng , Li Hui‐Ping , Yang Lian‐Ming 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAlthough several efforts were made to develop high‐performance thermoelectric (TE) composites by a combination of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with a high conductivity and tellurium (Te) with a large Seebeck coefficient, only a very limited advance has been achieved because of their intrinsic interfacial incompatibility. In this work, a range of SWCNT/polypyrrole (PPy)/Te flexible composite films are prepared through sequentially pulse electrodepositing PPy and Te over the prefabricated SWCNT membrane electrode, where both the introduction of the PPy sandwich layer and the adoption of two pulse electrodepositions play a vital role in ameliorating the TE performance of the composites via the synergic optimization of an interfacial engineering. Consequently, the best power factor for the optimal SWCNT/PPy/Te composite film reaches up to 1602.4 ± 87.6 µW m−1 K−2 at 300 K, which hits the record for the p‐type PPy‐based TE composites. Moreover, the five‐leg flexible thermoelectric generators assembled with the optimal film harvest an output power of 1512.5 nW at the applied temperature difference of 22.4 K. This work suggests that the multilayer assembly technology driven by pulse electrochemistry is a feasible and effective tactic for architecting high‐performance flexible TE films.
Reactive Magnetron Sputtering of Large‐Scale 3D Aluminum‐Based Plasmonic Nanostructure for Both Light‐Induced Thermal Imaging and Photo‐Thermoelectric Conversion
Authors: Cheng Pengfei , Döll Joachim , Romanus Henry , Wang Hongguang , van Aken Peter A. , Wang Dong , Schaaf Peter 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPlasmonic nanostructures have attracted tremendous interest due to their special capability to trap light, which is of great significance for many applications such as solar steam generation and desalination, electric power generation, photodetection, sensing, catalysis, cancer therapy, and photoacoustic imaging. However, the noble metal‐based (Au, Ag, Pd) plasmonic nanostructures with expensive costs and limitations to large‐scale fabrication restrict their practical applications. Here, a novel and noble‐metal‐free Al/AlN plasmonic nanostructure fabricated by a reactive magnetron sputtering at the elevated temperature of 200 °C is presented. The unique 3D Al/AlN plasmonic nanostructures show a highly efficient (96.8%) and broadband (full solar spectrum) absorption and a strong photothermal conversion effect on its surface, demonstrating the potential in applications in light‐induced thermal imaging and photo‐thermoelectric power generation. This simple fabrication method and the developed Al/AlN plasmonic nanostructure combine excellent light trapping performance, abundant and low‐cost Al and N elements, good heat localization effect, and scalable fabrication method, suggesting a promising alternative to noble‐metal plasmonic nanostructures for photonic applications.
Ionic Conduction in Polymer‐Based Solid Electrolytes
Authors: Li Zhuo , Fu Jialong , Zhou Xiaoyan , Gui Siwei , Wei Lu , Yang Hui , Li Hong , Guo Xin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGood safety, high interfacial compatibility, low cost, and facile processability make polymer‐based solid electrolytes promising materials for next‐generation batteries. Key issues related to polymer‐based solid electrolytes, such as synthesis methods, ionic conductivity, and battery architecture, are investigated in past decades. However, mechanistic understanding of the ionic conduction is still lacking, which impedes the design and optimization of polymer‐based solid electrolytes. In this review, the ionic conduction mechanisms and optimization strategies of polymer‐based solid electrolytes, including solvent‐free polymer electrolytes, composite polymer electrolytes, and quasi‐solid/gel polymer electrolytes, are summarized and evaluated. Challenges and strategies for enhancing the ionic conductivity are elaborated, while the ion‐pair dissociation, ion mobility, polymer relaxation, and interactions at polymer/filler interfaces are highlighted. This comprehensive review is especially pertinent for the targeted enhancement of the Li‐ion conductivity of polymer‐based solid electrolytes.
Heat‐Driven Iontronic Nanotransistors
Authors: Prete Domenic , Colosimo Alessia , Demontis Valeria , Medda Luca , Zannier Valentina , Bellucci Luca , Tozzini Valentina , Sorba Lucia , Beltram Fabio , Pisignano Dario , Rossella Francesco 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThermoelectric polyelectrolytes are emerging as ideal material platform for self‐powered bio‐compatible electronic devices and sensors. However, despite the nanoscale nature of the ionic thermodiffusion processes underlying thermoelectric efficiency boost in polyelectrolytes, to date no evidence for direct probing of ionic diffusion on its relevant length and time scale has been reported. This gap is bridged by developing heat‐driven hybrid nanotransistors based on InAs nanowires embedded in thermally biased Na+‐functionalized (poly)ethyleneoxide, where the semiconducting nanostructure acts as a nanoscale probe sensitive to the local arrangement of the ionic species. The impact of ionic thermoelectric gating on the nanodevice electrical response is addressed, investigating the effect of device architecture, bias configuration and frequency of the heat stimulus, and inferring optimal conditions for the heat‐driven nanotransistor operation. Microscopic quantities of the polyelectrolyte such as the ionic diffusion coefficient are extracted from the analysis of hysteretic behaviors rising in the nanodevices. The reported experimental platform enables simultaneously the ionic thermodiffusion and nanoscale resolution, providing a framework for direct estimation of polyelectrolytes microscopic parameters. This may open new routes for heat‐driven nanoelectronic applications and boost the rational design of next‐generation polymer‐based thermoelectric materials.
Designing Hierarchical Soft Network Materials with Developable Lattice Nodes for High Stretchability
Authors: Liu Jianxing , Guo Haoyu , Liu Haiyang , Lu Tongqing 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSoft network materials (SNMs) represent one of the best candidates for the substrates and the encapsulation layers of stretchable inorganic electronics, because they are capable of precisely customizing the J‐shaped stress–strain curves of biological tissues. Although a variety of microstructures and topologies have been exploited to adjust the nonlinear stress–strain responses of SNMs, the stretchability of most SNMs is hard to exceed 100%. Designing novel high‐strength SNMs with much larger stretchability (e.g., >200%) than existing SNMs and conventional elastomers remains a challenge. This paper develops a class of hierarchical soft network materials (HSNMs) with developable lattice nodes, which can significantly improve the stretchability of SNMs without any loss of strength. The effects of geometric parameters, lattice topologies, and loading directions on the mechanical properties of HSNMs are systematically discussed by experiments and numerical simulations. The proposed node design strategy for SNMs is also proved to be widely applicable to different constituent materials, including polymers and metals.
Memory Effect of MgAl Layered Double Hydroxides Promotes LiNO3 Dissolution for Stable Lithium Metal Anode
Authors: Wang Fenglin , Wen Zuxin , Zheng Zhicheng , Fang Wenqiang , Chen Long , Chen Fashen , Zhang Ning , Liu Xiaohe , Ma Renzhi , Chen Gen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLiNO3 is an effective additive for improving the performance of Li metal anodes. However, the practical application of LiNO3 is limited due to its poor solubility. Here, a novel electrolyte additive of MgAl layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with open interlayered anionic vacancies is proposed. The electropositive MgAl LDHs promote the spontaneous coordination of NO3− into anionic vacancies of LDH interlayers via memory effect, rehydrating to original NO3−‐MgAl LDHs structure and accelerating LiNO3 dissolution. The reconstructed NO3−‐MgAl LDHs play a crucial role as sustainable nitrate resources, preventing partial NO3− from participating in the Li+ solvent sheath to reduce the solvation binding energy. Moreover, MgAl LDHs absorb the anions due to electrostatic attraction, accounting for more dissociated Li+ and active Li+ migration in carbonate electrolytes. NO3− stored in MgAl LDHs is also preferentially reduced to form Li3N‐rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), decreasing the activation energy barrier for Li+ transport and striving to form a uniform Li deposition. The cells assembled with MgAl LDHs and LiNO3 additives deliver high Coulombic efficiency, excellent rate capability, and high capacity retention. This strategy provides new insights into LiNO3‐promotor design and excavates the potential of LDHs materials for Li metal batteries.
Aerobic oxidation of 2‐tert‐butyl phenol within gas–liquid segmented flow: Mass transfer characteristics and scale‐up
Authors: Liu Ping , Zhang Jiawei , Liu Kefeng , Hu Xuesheng , Gao Fei , Du Le , Zhu Jiqin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractQuantifying the mass transfer of gas–liquid segmented flow in practical reactions is of significant for the scale‐up design. However, there is a lack of theoretical guidance to predict operational conditions to meet required the mass transfer in a selective dimension‐enlarged microreactor. Herein, the oxidation of 2‐tert‐butyl phenol (2‐TBP) was performed in a selective dimension‐enlarged capillary microreactor of 4.35 mm i.d. and optimal operation conditions were obtained. A high 2‐tert‐butyl‐1,4‐benzoquinone (2‐TBQ) yield of 73% was achieved within 6 min. Moreover, a quantitative method to assess the mass transfer of gas–liquid segmented flow in practical reaction was developed by introducing a circulation frequency, fcir, which could provide theoretical guidance to predict operating conditions for the scale‐up production. The 2‐TBQ productivity is significantly increased from 0.0061 to 0.5068 kg/h, that is, an increase of 83 times, by selective dimension enlarging from 2 mm to 4.35 mm with predicted operating conditions.