bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute and Short-term changes in binocular Vision with Spectacles &amp; Spherical Equivalent Soft Contact Lens Wear in Low Myopic Astigmatism
Authors: Sapkota Arjun , Baral Nabin , Koirala Bipin , Mahat Manoj 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Binocular vision is a complex process that involves the coordination of the two eyes to produce a single image. Spectacles and soft contact lenses are common refractive correction options for low myopic astigmatism. However, the effect of these correction methods on binocular vision has not been extensively studied in clinical practice. This study aims to investigate the acute and short-term changes in binocular vision between spectacles and spherical equivalent soft contact lens wear in low myopic astigmatism.
Purpose
To investigate the acute and short-term changes in binocular vision with spectacles & spherical equivalent soft contact lens wear in low myopic astigmatism.
Method
All the subjects underwent a thorough optometric examination and a complete binocular vision evaluation was performed with spectacles and contact lenses on the same day in a group of 36 participants. The accommodative amplitude and accommodative facility, stereo acuity, cover test, horizontal phoria, near the point of convergence (NPC), negative relative accommodation (NRA), positive relative accommodation (PRA), positive fusional reserve, and negative fusional reserve were compared with myopic spectacles and spherical equivalent corrected contact lenses in these subjects.
Results
Statistically significant differences were found with the use of soft contact lens in comparison to the spectacle: a higher value of NPC (MD; -0.36±0.76, p=0.007), lag of accommodation (MD; -0.11± 0.31, p=0.03) and PRA (MD; 0.35± 0.16, p=0.035).
Conclusion
The NPC, lag of accommodation, and PRA were changed while wearing contact lenses although other parameters did not show statistical significance. These findings imply that; the spherical equivalent corrected soft contact lens could not be prescribed even in a patient with low myopic astigmatism before screening all the binocular vision parameters.
Elucidating pharmacists’ perception towards utilisation of Pharmacy Research Priorities when conducting research in Malaysia: findings from focus group discussions
Authors: Muhsin Nor I A , Ho See Wan , Nordin Noraini , Chan Pui Lim , Yahaya Abdul H M 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background The Pharmacy Research Priorities in Malaysia (PRPM) was published by the Pharmaceutical Services Programme (PSP), Ministry of Health Malaysia (MOH) in 2018. This study was aimed to explore the perceptions of MOH pharmacists in utilising this document while conducting their respective research.Methods Two online focus group discussion (FGD) sessions were conducted among pharmacists who represented various disciplines in MOH and with different level of research experience. Thematic analysis was performed on the verbatim transcriptions of the FGDs and relevant themes and sub-themes were derived.Results Five thematic categories emerged, which were (1) awareness of the MOH pharmacists towards the document; (2) perception and perceived functions of the PRPM document; (3) utilisation practice and motivation to refer to the document; (4) barriers in utilising the document; and (5) recommendations to improve the uptake of the PRPM document. Overall, the document was perceived to be useful among MOH pharmacists to guide them while conducting their research activities but their utilisation practice was low. The document was used as categorisation tool instead and most of the pharmacists did not refer to the PRPM document when planning their research. There were several barriers including exhaustive length of the document as well as partial understanding of its function and how to make use of it by the MOH pharmacists. Minimal promotional activities for the document had been identified as potential contributing factor to the low utilisation of the document.Conclusions Overall, the PRPM document was perceived to be beneficial but the response received from the FGDs showed low uptake of the PRPM document among the pharmacists when planning research activities. Further study should be conducted to further assess the uptake of this document by pharmacy researchers as a whole and various initiatives need to be taken to improve the PRPM utilisation.
Patterns and characteristics of mismatch repair deficiency colorectal cancer from central China
Authors: Luo Yuhang , Fang Min , Wu Xiaofeng , Xu Yunhua , Li Shuxiang , Yuan Jinyi , Zhou Chenghui , Huang Qiulin , Fu Kai , Xiao Shuai 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Up to 30% colorectal carcinoma (CRC) are inherited tendency. Lynch syndrome (LS) which is caused by mismatch repair (MMR) genes germline mutation, is the most prevalent form of hereditary CRC. Ethnical and regional differences would lead to diverse characteristics of LS. However, Studies of LS from China are few and with relatively small sample sizes.
Method: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) testing for MMR deficiency (dMMR) is advocated to preliminarily screen LS in recent guidelines. This single center retrospective study from central China performed IHC to prescreen dMMR and analyze the patterns and characteristics of dMMR CRCs.
Results: 12.0% (180/1505) CRCs had dMMR status in this study, they had the universal features such as younger diagnostic age, more proximal colon location, more poorly differentiated with an excess of mucinous type, advanced pT stage and lower pN stage (all P ＜ 0.05), but had larger tumor size and less perineural invasion (all P ＜ 0.05) compared with proficiency MMR CRCs, which were not reported before. Moreover, PMS2 deficiency (8.7%) was common in this study which was different from studies in Western. MLH1/PMS2, isolated PMS2, MSH2/MSH6 and isolated MSH6 were the most common deficiency patterns, and the MSH2/MSH6 subtype had the most often family history.
Conclusion: This study demonstrated dMMR CRCs from central China had the similar general characteristics as reported studies, but had larger tumor size and less perineural invasion which were not reported before. What’s more, PMS2 deficiency (8.7%) was common in this study which was different from studies in Western.
Importance of Differential Diagnosis of Palate Pleomorphic Adenoma; Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Acaban M. Baver 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The most common location of pleomorphic adenomas within the minor salivary glands is the palate. These are rigid, immobile, slow-growing benign masses. In the presence of a slowly growing mass in which the mucosa is intact, it is one of the first masses to be considered. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy is not recommended due to disruption of the capsule structure and invasive metastasis. Information about the cranial bone invasion of the mass with computed tomography and the characteristic of the mass with magnetic resonance imaging can be obtained. Definitive diagnosis is established by histological evaluation. In our literature review, it was determined that some patients had their teeth extracted due to misdiagnosis.
Macronutrients and Lung carcinoma: a Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Yang Longtao , Chen Zhe , Wang Xuanye , Li Cong , He Shaqi , Liu Jun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe relationships of lung cancer with macronutrients are in an increasing number of research nowadays. However, the causal effects between them are still unclear.MethodsThe macronutrients summary statistics from the greatest genome-wide meta-analysis produced by DietGen and other cohorts, and the largest genome-wide association studies (GWAS) meta-summary analysis in lung cancer were used in this two-sample bidirectional mendelian randomization (MR) investigation. The causal relationships between macronutrients and lung cancer were investigated by using inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger regression, weighted median, weighted model, and simple mode methods.ResultsIVW estimates suggested that fat and protein had casual associations with lung cancer. As for lung cancer, the IVW estimate of the fat [OR:0.44, 95% CI: 0.38–0.51, PIVW=1.50×10− 24]; As for lung adenocarcinoma, the IVW estimate of the fat [OR:0.25, 95% CI: 0.12–0.53, PIVW=2.40×10− 4], protein [OR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.22–0.73, PIVW=3.10×10− 3]; As for lung cancer in never smokers, the IVW estimate of the fat [OR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.13–0.86, PIVW=2.30×10− 2], protein [OR: 0.09, 95% CI: 0.03–0.32, PIVW=1.90×10− 4]; As for lung cancer in ever smokers, the IVW estimate of the fat [OR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.29–0.96, PIVW=3.60×10− 2].ConclusionsThis MR investigation discovered that fat and protein were served as protective factors and causally linked to lung cancer. To fully understand how fat and protein affect lung cancer, more research is required.
A broadband waveguide-to-50 Ω-microstriptransition with low-loss
Authors: Cubillos Diana , Saldaña Camilo , Monasterio David , Pizarro José , Bronfman Leonardo , Finger Ricardo , Mena F. Patricio 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

The increment in the demand for high-frequency monolithic integrated circuits has driven the development of waveguide-to-microstrip transition that allow their characterization and integration with waveguide components. Unfortunately, some of these transitions currently feature a rather narrow bandwidth, especially when the substrate is inserted transversal to the propagation direction of the waveguide. Here we present a new design that overcomes this problem. The transisition was originally designed for a bandwidth of 33.5–60 GHz (extended V-Band) with the simulation results showing reflections below −19.5 dB in a fractional bandwidth of 55% and, moreover, can be scaled to other frequencies keeping good electrical characteristics. To validate the design we show the scaling, construction, and measurement in an extended Q-band (27–50 GHz) with the additional advantage of having a standard impedance of 50 Ω. The most novel feature is a staggered air cavity for the microstrip and planar probe, which generates return losses better than 20 dB in a fractional bandwidth of 53%.
Two Distinct Subpopulations of Marginal Zone B Cells Exhibit Differential Antibody-Producing Capacity and Radioresistance
Authors: Kim Tae Jin , Im Se Jin , Lee Sujin , Ko Yeunjung , Lee Hyun Woo , Oh Won Joon , Hong Hun Gi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Marginal zone (MZ) B cells are innate-like B cells that not only rapidly secrete antibodies (Abs) against blood-borne pathogens but also serve Ab-independent functions such as antigen presentation and immune regulation, which may reflect their heterogeneity. Here, we discovered a subpopulation of MZ B cells that expressed higher levels of CD80, but not CD86, in naïve mice. CD80high MZ B cells revealed higher Ab-producing, proliferative, and IL-10-secreting capacities than CD80low MZ B cells. Notably, the CD80high MZ B cells survived 2 Gy whole-body irradiation, whereas CD80low MZ B cells were preferentially depleted by the irradiation and repleted in a month after the irradiation. The CD80high MZ B cells expressed higher levels of genes involved in proliferation, plasma cell differentiation, antioxidant response, and immune regulation. The CD80high MZ B cells contained autoreactive BCRs reactive to double-stranded DNA or type II collagen. Next-generation sequencing revealed more immunoglobulin heavy chains with a shorter complementarity-determining region 3 and no N-nucleotides in the CD80high MZ B cells than in CD80low MZ B cells. In summary, MZ B cells can be divided into two populations differing in CD80 expression, Ab-productive capacity, radioresistance, and B cell receptor repertoire, which may have different homeostatic functions.
A simultaneous wet-spinning strategy for high-strength antimicrobial cellulose fibers embedded with silver nanoparticles
Authors: Moon Joon Yeon , Lee Joshua , Park Chan Hee , Kim Cheol Sang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Developing a strategy to fabricate nanoparticle-embedded microfibers a single step has industrial and academic impact for a variety of functionally demanding textile applications. Here, we report a straightforward strategy for decorating the fiber surface with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) while simultaneously carrying out the deacetylation of cellulose acetate (CA) into cellulose (CE) microfibers using sodium hydroxide (NaOH). We obtained antibacterial regenerated cellulose microfibers by successfully embedding silver nanoparticles and achieving a high level of tensile strength improvement at the same time. The physicochemical properties of regenerated cellulose microfibers embedded with AgNPs were compared with pure CA microfibers using various characterization techniques. Fiber thickness (270 vs 300 µm), mechanical properties (>5 vs <1 MPa Young's modulus), and antibacterial ability (50 vs 0 mm2 zone of inhibition) of the fibers were also measured. The proposed method has been confirmed as a strategy that can greatly simplify the manufacturing process of CE@AgNPs microfibers with high strength and antibacterial properties, promising high applicability in fields requiring functional, antibacterial fibers.
Diphenyl ditelluride assisted synthesis of noble metal-based Silver-Telluride 2D organometallic Nanofibers with enhanced aggregation-induced emission (AIE) using oleylamine.
Authors: Lodeiro Carlos , Djafari Jamila , Duarte Frederico , Fernández-Lodeiro Javier , Fernández-Lodeiro Adrián , Santos Hugo , Bladt Eva , Bals Sara , Savvidou Aikaterini Flessa , Balicas Luis , Rodriguez-González Benito , Santos Alcindo Dos , Capelo-Martínez José Luis 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Silver-Telluride 2D organometallic nanofibers using diphenyl ditelluride (DPDT) as a precursor were synthesized. The synthesis was carried out by reacting DPDT with AgNO3 in acetonitrile at room temperature (RT) under an inert atmosphere. The resulting material was fully characterized using various techniques, including UV-VIS-NIR spectroscopy, steady-state and excited-state fluorescent spectroscopy, IR-FTIR-ATR spectroscopy, HR ESI MS spectrometry, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), BF-STEM or HAADF-STEM, and confocal fluorescence microscopy images and conductivity measurements. Initially, the nanofibers were almost non-emissive. However, a remarkable modification was observed after treating the nanofibers with oleylamine under ultrasound treatment. This methodology induced an aggregation emission effect (AIE) in the solution and in the solid state, resulting in the formation of a highly red emissive fluorescent nanomaterial. This research provides valuable insights for developing new fluorescent materials with potential applications in various optical fields. Initially, the nanofibers were almost non-emissive. However, we observed a remarkable modification after treating the nanofibers with oleylamine under ultrasound treatment. This treatment induced an aggregation emissive effect (AIE) in the solution and solid state, resulting in the formation of a highly red emissive fluorescent material. Overall, our findings demonstrate the successful synthesis of 2D Silver-Telluride 2D organometallic nanofibers and the induction of AIE in the resulting material through oleylamine treatment. This research provides valuable insights for developing new fluorescent materials with potential applications in various fields.
Advantage of patient-controlled epidural analgesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for pancreatic cancer: evidence from a retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Xiang , Pan Congxia , Xu Qianyun , Zhang Jun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) has been recognized to provide better postoperative analgesia than patient-controlled intravascular analgesia (PCIA) for patients undergoing many types of surgery. However, there is no comparison of the two analgesic methods in patients undergoing pancreatic cancer resection, especially laparoscopic radical resection of pancreatic cancer (LARP). In this study, the effectiveness and side effects of PCEA and PCIA after LARP were compared.
Methods:Patients (n=296) who underwent laparoscopic surgery for pancreatic cancer from September 2021 to June 2022 at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Centre (FUSCC) were included. The patients were divided into PCEA group and PCIA group according to the analgesia protocols after surgery. Propensity score matching was used to minimize bias. The efficacy of analgesia, side effects after surgery, inflammatory levels in perioperative period, and postoperative satisfaction of patients were compared between two groups.
Results: Two hundred eighty-five patients were screened by propensity score matching and 66 patients in each group were included in final analysis. The patients in PCEA group had lower pain scores at rest on the first postoperative day (P=0.025). Compared to PCIA group, the time to first passage of flatus after surgery was shorter in the PCEA group (P<0.001). The length of hospital stay had no significant differences between two groups. In term of the complications after surgery, we found that PCEA group had the higher incidence of itching and hypotension (P=0.029 and P=0.016, respectively). Additionally, PCEA group had the lower-level inflammation after surgery and less opioid consumption. Patients in PCEA group were more satisfied with our anesthesia process (P=0.042).
Conclusion: PCEA showed better postoperative analgesia, lower inflammatory response and higher patient satisfaction than PCIA after LARP, which supports thtat PCEA is the more suitable analgesic method than PICA.
Increasing Cluster Stability in VANET by Candidate Cluster Head Nomination Algorithm
Authors: Chiang Mao-Lun , Hsieh Hui-Ching , Tsai Wen-Chung , Lin Tzu-Ling , Lin Yi-Hsin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is an extended subtype of a mobile ad hoc network (MANET). VANET has applied the principles of MANET, such as intelligent transport systems (ITS) and road security. However, the vehicles in a VANET must transmit considerable information within a limited time while their mobility is rapid, which causes the instability of VANET. Using clustering methods proposed in many kinds of research can be used to improve routing efficiency and reliability in VANETs, as it enables the grouping of vehicles based on some predefined metrics such as density, velocity, and geographical locations of the vehicles, resulting in a distributed structure of hierarchical network structures. Most of the algorithms explore the selection index, cluster formation, and cluster maintenance of the Cluster Head (CH) in the process of clustering. Therefore, considering the parameter index between nodes and selecting the optimal cluster head to stabilize a VANET environment, improving the routing efficiency of this environment, and reducing message overhead are the key challenges for this research. To help vehicles receive and send road information more quickly and efficiently under the high-speed mobile environment, this study proposes a four-step candidate cluster head nomination algorithm (CCHNA) that enables the formation of fewer clusters and reduces the amount of data transmitted between clusters and among the members within a cluster. The basic idea is to group the vehicles according to some parameter, and then select a proper cluster head to help communicate with other groups. The algorithm also proposed The CH Pruning Stage to reduce the number of CH generated in The CH Nomination Stage by comparing the parameters. The results revealed that the proposed CCHNA can on average, it can reduce 1–3 cluster heads more than other algorithms. During the Cluster Maintenance stage, reducing the message overhead during cluster reorganization, and the number of message exchanges can be reduced by up to 6 times. Therefore, the CCHNA can obtain fewer clusters and considerably reduce communication costs among messages involved in cluster formation.
Comparison of the Gut Microbiome Composition Between Men with Peyronie’s Disease and A Matched Cohort: A Pilot Study
Authors: Osman Mohamad , Hammad Muhammed A. , Barham David , Toma Ryan , el-Khatib Farouk , Dianatnejad Sharmin , Nguyen Jeanie , Towe Maxwell , Choi Edward , Wu Qiaqia , Banavar Guruduth , Cai Ying , Moura Pedro , Shen Nan , Vuyisich Momchilo , Yafi Natalie , Yafi Faysal 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objective:To investigate the potential association of the gut microbiome with Peyronie’s disease, as there has been no research to date that has studied these topics together. The goal of our study is to better characterize any potential relationships and to discuss possible mechanisms in which they would be related.Methods:Stool samples were collected from 12 participants with Peyronie’s disease and 12 age-matched controls. Metatranscriptome sequencing was used to analyze the samples.Results:No significant differences were found in the gut microbiome characteristics, including Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes richness (p=0.541), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes diversity (p=0.134), species richness (p=0.933), and species diversity (p=0.597), between the Peyronie’s disease and control group.Conclusions:The results of this study do not support a significant change in the gut microbiome of men with Peyronie’s disease compared to age-matched controls. Further research is needed to fully understand the impact of the gut microbiome on Peyronie’s disease.Trial Registration Number:IRB 2017-3746
Prevalence and Types of Bacterial Contaminants in a Tertiary Hospital in Kenya
Authors: Chester Kolek , Okalebo Faith , Singa Benson , Briton Kavulavu , Masheti Mary , Omuom Ian , Odhoch Ochieng , Oduol Chris , Musyimi Robert , Tigoi Caroline , Tickell Kirkby D 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Hospitals pose a risk of bacterial infections to patients, the environment, and staff. To design Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) programs, facilities need to know the patterns and types of contaminants in various parts of a hospital. The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and types of contaminants on hospital surfaces, equipment and healthcare providers’ palms with the aim of informing development and implementation of IPC guidelines at the hospital level.
Method: This cross-sectional study was done in Migori County Referral Hospital. A total of 62 swabs were collected from selected surfaces, equipment, and health workers palms in April, 2020. They were cultured and bacterial contaminants were identified using standard microbiological procedures.
Results: Of the 62 swabs assessed, 61.3% yielded bacterial growth, from which 46 pathogenic bacteria were identified. The most prevalent isolates in all wards were Acinetobacter species at 41.3% (n=19 of 46 isolates) followed by Enterobacter at 13.0% (n=6/46) and Staphylococcus species at 13.0 %(n=6/46).
Conclusion: Contamination of surfaces, equipment, and staff’s hands was high, hence pointing to an elevated risk of Hospital-Acquired Infections (HAIs). Thus, there is a need to leverage IPC guidelines to limit contamination and curtail the spread of HAIs.