bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tissue Eosinophilia is Superior to an Analysis by Polyp Status for the Chronic Rhinosinusitis Transcriptome: An RNA Study
Authors: Brar Tripti , McCabe Chantal , Miglani Amar , Marino Michael , Lal Devyani 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveRNA sequencing (transcriptomics) is used to study biological pathways. However, the yield of data depends on comparing well‐characterized cohorts. We compared tissue eosinophilia versus nasal polyp (NP) status as the metric to characterize transcriptomic mechanisms at play in eosinophilic and non‐eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) versus controls.MethodsRNA sequencing was conducted on sinonasal tissue samples of CRS and controls. Analyses were conducted based on polyp status [with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and without nasal polyps (CRSsNP)] as well as tissue eosinophil levels per high power field (eos/hpf)[non‐eosinophilic (<10 eos/hpf, neCRS) or eosinophilic (≥10 eos/hpf, eCRS)]. The yield of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and biological pathways through Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) were compared.ResultsCRS tissue differed from controls by 736 statistically significant DEGs. Both NP status and tissue eosinophilia were effective in differentiating CRS from controls and into two distinct subgroups. Statistically significant DEGs identified when comparing CRS by NP status were 60, whereas 110 DEGs were identified using eosinophil cutoff ≥10 and <10 eos/hpf. Additionally, heatmaps showed greater homogeneity within each CRS subgroup when analyzed by tissue eosinophilia versus NP status. On IPA, the IL‐17 signaling pathway was significantly different only by tissue eosinophilia status, not NP status, being higher in CRS <10 eos/hpf.ConclusionTissue eosinophilia is superior to an analysis by NP status for the study of CRS transcriptome by RNA sequencing in identifying DEGs. Classification of CRS samples by eosinophil counts agnostic of NP status may offer advantageous insights into CRS pathogenetic mechanisms.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 133:2480–2489, 2023
Effects of vegetation restoration types on soil erosion reduction of a shallow karst fissure soil system in the degraded karst areas of Southwestern China
Authors: Yan Youjin , Dai Quanhou , Yang Yuqiong , Lan Xue 
Published: January 2023

AbstractShallow karst fissures are the main hydrological paths, underground loss channels, and one of the most critical root habitats in fragile karst rocky desertification areas. Revegetation may alter the type of vegetation cover in fissures, resulting in changes to soil properties and erosion reduction. In this study, we evaluate the influence of revegetation on the soil erosion reduction of fissure‐soil–plant systems (FSPS) for three vegetation types (herbs, shrubs, and trees) in FSPS and use bare FSPS without vegetation as a control in a karst rocky desertification area. The results show that the soil physicochemical properties of FSFS degraded first and then improved after abandonment, resulting in the order of soil erosion reduction of FSPS with vegetation succession being: shrub < herb < bare < tree. Vegetation restoration can significantly improve the soil erosion resistance of the 10–20 cm soil layer in the fissure zone, making it stronger than that in the non‐fissure zone, thus reducing the risk of underground leakage on the slope. The results obtained in this study deepen our knowledge of the impact of vegetation restoration type on soil erosion reduction and has significant implications for guiding vegetation restoration and preventing underground leakage in karst areas.
Starch‐Based Ion‐Conductive Organo‐Hydrogels with Self‐Healing, Anti‐Freezing, and High Mechanical Properties toward Strain Sensors
Authors: Huang Bing , Zhu Lei , Wei Shicheng , Li Yuan , Nie Yongjia , Zhao Wenpeng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFully bio‐based ion‐conductive organo‐hydrogels with multi‐functionalities such as high mechanical properties, self‐healing, anti‐freezing, and non‐drying capabilities are still extremely rare so far, and achieving it remains a great challenge. In this work, a starch/natural rubber composite hydrogel is first obtained by a simple one‐pot method, and then an ion‐conductive organo‐hydrogel composed of starch, natural rubber, lithium chloride, and glycerol with adjustable mechanical properties (ultimate tensile stress of 0.15–2.33 MPa with a failure strain of 675–1367%, elastic modulus of 0.087–15.2 MPa) is fabricated by a solvent replacement strategy. The organo‐hydrogels exhibit excellent fatigue resistance, elasticity, and good self‐healing, anti‐freezing, non‐drying properties (with no obvious change after 10 days at ambient environment). The obtained hydrogels are successfully applied to monitor human movement with high durability (over 1000 cycles) and low hysteresis. In addition, the sensors exhibit high stability in a wide temperature range from −20 °C to 100 °C that endows it with a wide range of potential applications in flexible sensing and wearable devices.
Miniaturized methane detection system based on photoacoustic spectroscopy
Authors: Ye Weilin , He Linfeng , Xia Zikun , Liu Weihao , Huang Yifei , Lin Yiwen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAs an important means of trace gas detection, photoacoustic spectroscopy mainly detects gas concentration indirectly through the thermal effect of light. Methane detection system based on photoacoustic spectrum has great application prospect in environmental pollution detection and industrial production. As a container for loading methane, the shape and quality of the photoacoustic cell will have a huge impact on the final detection results. To improve the operability of the photoacoustic spectrum technology in practical application, this system improves the traditional photoacoustic cell. The integrated micro photoacoustic cell designed with 3D printing technology has a volume of 9 cm3 and a theoretical resonance frequency of 11 000 Hz. Based on LabVIEW platform, a frequency sweep program and a concentration acquisition program were set up in the experiment. The frequency sweep experiment was carried out in an environment filled with methane in the photoacoustic cell. Based on the theoretical knowledge of photoacoustic spectroscopy, it can be known that the sound pressure detected by microphones is proportional to the concentration of methane in the photoacoustic cell. Methane with gradient concentration is passed into the photoacoustic cell for concentration calibration experiment, and the second harmonic peak detected at different concentrations is linearly fitted, and the line R2 = 0.99919. By calculating Allan variance, it can be obtained that the minimum detection of the system can reach 6.89 ppm when the integration time is 49 s.
Psychometrics of the kiddie schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia present and lifetime version for DSM‐5 in Japanese outpatients
Authors: Makino Takuya , Suzuki Futoshi , Nishiyama Takeshi , Ishibashi Saeko , Nakamichi Hidetaka , Iida Tomoko , Shimada Shoko , Tomari Shinji , Imanari Eiji , Higashi Takuma , Fukumoto Shintaro , Kurata Sawa , Mizuno Yoshifumi , Kimura Takuma , Kuru Yukiko , Morimoto Takeshi , Kosaka Hirotaka 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School‐Age Children‐Present and Lifetime version (K‐SADS‐PL) is a widely used semi‐structured diagnostic interview in child and adolescent psychiatry. However, the psychometric properties of its updated version, the K‐SADS‐PL for DSM‐5, have scarcely been examined, especially for criterion validity. This study was designed to examine the inter‐rater reliability, criterion validity and construct validity of the K‐SADS‐PL for DSM‐5 in 137 Japanese outpatients.MethodsTwo of 12 experienced clinicians independently performed the K‐SADS interview for each patient in a conjoint session, and the resulting consensus diagnosis was compared with a “best‐estimate” diagnosis made by two of eight experienced clinicians using all available information for the patient.ResultsThe inter‐rater reliability was excellent, as shown by κ > 0.75 for all disorders, with the exception of current separation anxiety disorder. The criterion validity was fair to good, as shown by κ > 0.40 for all disorders, with the exception of current and lifetime agoraphobia. The construct validity was also good, as shown by theoretically expected associations between the K‐SADS‐PL diagnoses and subscales of the child behavior checklist.ConclusionThe K‐SADS‐PL for DSM‐5, now available in Japanese, generates valid diagnoses in child and adolescent psychiatry.
Single‐spoke binning: Reducing motion artifacts in abdominal radial stack‐of‐stars imaging
Authors: Maatman Ivo T. , Ypma Sjoerd , Kachelrieß Marc , Berker Yannick , van der Bijl Erik , Block Kai Tobias , Hermans John J. , Maas Marnix C. , Scheenen Tom W. J. 
Published: January 2023

PurposeTo increase the effectiveness of respiratory gating in radial stack‐of‐stars MRI, particularly when imaging at high spatial resolutions or with multiple echoes.MethodsFree induction decay (FID) navigators were integrated into a three‐dimensional gradient echo radial stack‐of‐stars pulse sequence. These navigators provided a motion signal with a high temporal resolution, which allowed single‐spoke binning (SSB): each spoke at each phase encode step was sorted individually to the corresponding motion state of the respiratory signal. SSB was compared with spoke‐angle binning (SAB), in which all phase encode steps of one projection angle were sorted without the use of additional navigator data. To illustrate the benefit of SSB over SAB, images of a motion phantom and of six free‐breathing volunteers were reconstructed after motion‐gating using either method. Image sharpness was quantitatively compared using image gradient entropies.ResultsThe proposed method resulted in sharper images of the motion phantom and free‐breathing volunteers. Differences in gradient entropy were statistically significant (p = 0.03) in favor of SSB. The increased accuracy of motion‐gating led to a decrease of streaking artifacts in motion‐gated four‐dimensional reconstructions. To consistently estimate respiratory signals from the FID‐navigator data, specific types of gradient spoiler waveforms were required.ConclusionSSB allowed high‐resolution motion‐corrected MR imaging, even when acquiring multiple gradient echo signals or large acquisition matrices, without sacrificing accuracy of motion‐gating. SSB thus relieves restrictions on the choice of pulse sequence parameters, enabling the use of motion‐gated radial stack‐of‐stars MRI in a broader domain of clinical applications.
QR algorithm with two‐sided Rayleigh quotient shifts
Authors: Chen Xiao Shan , Xu Hongguo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe introduce the two‐sided Rayleigh quotient shift to the QR algorithm for non‐Hermitian matrices to achieve a cubic local convergence rate. For the singly shifted case, the two‐sided Rayleigh quotient iteration is incorporated into the QR iteration. A modified version of the method and its truncated version are developed to improve the efficiency. Based on the observation that the Francis double‐shift QR iteration is related to a 2D Grassmann–Rayleigh quotient iteration, A doubly shifted QR algorithm with the two‐sided 2D Grassmann–Rayleigh quotient double‐shift is proposed. A modified version of the method and its truncated version are also developed. Numerical examples are presented to show the convergence behavior of the proposed algorithms. Numerical examples also show that the truncated versions of the modified methods outperform their counterparts including the standard Rayleigh quotient single‐shift and the Francis double‐shift.
Non‐linear space‐time elasticity
Authors: Schuß S. , Glas S. , Hesch C. 
Published: January 2023

SummaryIn this contribution we introduce a novel space‐time formulation for non‐linear elasticity, able to calculate large deformations and displacements with high efficiency using structured and unstructured meshes in the space‐time cylinder without changing the required regularity and thus, enabling the use of Lagrangian shape functions including tetrahedron and hypertetrahedron or tesseract elements. The common and indiscriminate treatment of spatial and temporal directions allows us to remove one of the major bottlenecks in parallel computations: The design of time‐stepping schemes, which can neither been parallelized efficiently in time nor allow for local refinements as no information transfer backwards in time is possible. Moreover, stability of time‐stepping schemes depend on the accumulation of local approximation errors in each time‐step, in contrast to space‐time formulation, characterized by enhanced stability and robustness. Eventually, we will demonstrate superiority in the convergence against classical time‐stepping schemes using various examples including highly sensitive systems in the context of non‐linear elasticity.
Action research on promoting hand hygiene practices in an intensive care unit
Authors: Terho Kirsi , Rintala Esa , Engblom Janne , Salanterä Sanna 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimEvaluate the intensive care acquired infections incidence and the change over time in infection practices in one intensive care unit.DesignWe used an action research approach with cyclical activities.MethodsOur study included two cycles with hand hygiene observation based on the WHO's five‐moments observation tool, observing hand hygiene practices, analysing the observations, and giving feedback on observations, intensive care acquired infection rates, and alcohol‐based hand rub consumption. The Revised Standards for Quality Improvement Reporting Excellence is the basis for this research report describing research aimed at improving patient safety and quality of care.ResultsDuring the study, annual alcohol‐based hand rub consumption increased by 6.7 litres per 1000 patient days and observed hand hygiene compliance improved. In the first cycle of the study, there was a decrease in critical care acquired infection rates, but the improvement was not sustainable.
Time‐resolved microscopy made easy
Authors: Loidolt‐Krüger Maria 
Published: January 2023

AbstractQuantitative single molecule and time‐resolved fluorescence techniques offer new insights into many samples in life and materials sciences. So far, their adoption has been slow because expert knowledge was required for correct data acquisition and analysis. Now, PicoQuant have developed a new confocal microscope called Luminosa. It combines state‐of‐the‐art hardware with cutting‐edge software to deliver high‐quality data while simplifying daily operation. The software includes context‐based workflows for each technique. This article shows how it streamlines single‐molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (smFRET) experiments.
Measure and monitor fine surface irregularities
Authors: Izumi Suzue 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSurface treatment is applied to the film used in food packaging, industrial materials, and medical applications to add various surface functions, such as transparency, gloss, waterproofing, antifouling, and non‐adhesiveness. This article provides examples to demonstrate how laser microscopes can be used to check the quality of various film surface properties.
Impact of solute carrier transporter gene polymorphisms on serum creatinine concentrations in healthy volunteers
Authors: Yokoyama Satoshi , Nakagawa Junichi , Kudo Masakiyo , Aiuchi Naoya , Seito Tatsuya , Isida Mizuri , Mikami Tatsuya , Ihara Kazushige , Nakaji Shigeyuki , Niioka Takenori 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms in solute carrier (SLC) transporters, that is, SLC22A7 c.1586 + 206A > G, SLC22A2 c.808G > T, SLC22A3 c.1233G > A, SLC47A1 c.922‐158G > A, and SLC47A2 c.‐130G > A, on serum creatinine (SCr) concentrations. This cross‐sectional study included residents who participated as volunteers in a health promotion study. Lifestyle data, blood chemical analysis data, and SLC gene polymorphism information were collected from each participant. Univariate analyses were carried out to determine differences between groups and correlations in SCr. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to confirm the independence of factors that were significantly different in the univariate analyses. In multiple regression analyses, muscle mass, serum cystatin C concentrations, body fat percentage, serum albumin concentrations, and SLC47A2 c.‐130G/G had the highest contribution to SCr concentrations, in that order (standardized regression coefficients = .505, .332, −.234, .123, and .084, respectively). The final model explained 72.2% of the variability in SCr concentrations. The SLC47A2 c.‐130G > A polymorphism may affect creatinine dynamics in the proximal tubules. Further studies are needed to determine the effects of SLC transporter gene polymorphisms on SCr concentrations in patients with various diseases in real‐world clinical settings.
A multi‐source information fusion model for safety assessment of bamboo‐integrated products
Authors: Ding Yiyuan , Li He , Kong Mário Say Ming , Neto Maria João Pereira , Quyen Tuong , Li Zhenyu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA multi‐source information fusion model is proposed to assess the safety and reliability of bamboo‐integrated products, which, unlike metal materials, hold different properties in longitudinal and transverse surfaces/directions. First, a weight factor is proposed to estimate the importance of each data source. Subsequently, a multi‐source information fusion model is proposed to compute the weight factors of the bamboo‐based materials in longitudinal and transverse directions. The reliability and failure probability of a bamboo‐integrated product, in longitudinal and transverse directions, are computed according to the multi‐source information fusion model‐based safety assessment approach with the assistance of the Stress and Strength interface model. Finally, a comparison between the proposed safety assessment method and the conventional Stress and Strength interface model is finalized, and the results indicate that the proposed method computes more reliable results than that of the conventional method. Overall, the proposed method provides a framework for safety and reliability assessment under multiple data sources and contributes to the comprehensive application of diverse data.
Symmetry dependent optical properties of zeolites: A quantum mechanical study
Authors: Muhammed Mufasila Mumthaz , Sibai Fadi , Chamkha Ali J. , Mokkath Junais Habeeb 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe outstanding structural and chemical characteristics of zeolites (porous crystal forms of aluminosilicate oxides) are well known, but little is known about their optical properties. In this work, we examine the impact of symmetry on the optical characteristics of zeolites utilizing quantum simulations via time‐dependent density functional theory. We demonstrate that zeolites with high symmetry (cubic ACO zeolite) absorb light in the visible spectrum, whereas zeolites with low symmetry (trigonal AFY zeolite) absorb light in the UV–vis region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Additionally, we reveal the nature of optical excitations by our analysis of the electron–hole distribution using transition density matrices. The zeolites also displayed significant variations in their electronic circular dichroism spectra, suggesting symmetry‐driven modulations. This theoretical work offers crucial information about the optical properties of zeolites.
Serum and urine metabolomics analyses reveal metabolic pathways and biomarkers in relation to nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Liao Zhaohui , Zhao Li , Zhong Fangyan , Zhou Yumeng , Lu Tianzhu , Liu Lijuan , Gong Xiaochang , Li Jingao , Rao Jun 
Published: January 2023

RationaleNasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor that is endemic in Southeast Asia, North Africa, and southern China. There is an urgent need for effective early diagnosis and treatment of this disease since NPC is currently often detected at advanced stages.MethodsTo reveal the underlying metabolic mechanisms and discover potential diagnostic biomarkers of NPC, we employed ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS) and UHPLC‐Q‐Exactive Orbitrap MS, respectively, to analyze 54 serum samples and 54 urine samples from 27 patients with NPC and 27 healthy control individuals.ResultsA total of 1230 metabolites were determined in serum samples, and 181 of the 1230 metabolites were significantly changed in NPC patients. The 181 metabolites were enriched in 16 pathways, including biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, cholesterol metabolism, and ferroptosis. A total of 2509 metabolites were detected in the urine samples. Among them, 179 metabolites were significantly altered in NPC patients, and these metabolites were enriched in eight pathways, including the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and caffeine metabolism. Seven metabolites, including creatinine and paraxanthine, were found to be significantly changed in both NPC serum and urine samples. Based on them, further biomarker analysis revealed that the panel of three serum metabolites, octanoylcarnitine, creatinine, and decanoyl‐l‐carnitine, displayed a perfect diagnostic performance (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.973) to distinguish NPC patients from controls, while the other three‐metabolite biomarker panel, consisting of stachydrine, decanoyl‐l‐carnitine, and paraxanthine, had an AUC = 0.809 to distinguish NPC and control in urine samples.ConclusionThis work highlights the key metabolites and metabolic pathways disturbed in NPC and presents potential biomarkers for effective diagnosis of this disease.
A benchmark analysis of data‐driven and geometric approaches for robot ego‐motion estimation
Authors: Legittimo Marco , Felicioni Simone , Bagni Fabio , Tagliavini Andrea , Dionigi Alberto , Gatti Francesco , Verucchi Micaela , Costante Gabriele , Bertogna Marko 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn the last decades, ego‐motion estimation or visual odometry (VO) has received a considerable amount of attention from the robotic research community, mainly due to its central importance in achieving robust localization and, as a consequence, autonomy. Different solutions have been explored, leading to a wide variety of approaches, mostly grounded on geometric methodologies and, more recently, on data‐driven paradigms. To guide researchers and practitioners in choosing the best VO method, different benchmark studies have been published. However, the majority of them compare only a small subset of the most popular approaches and, usually, on specific data sets or configurations. In contrast, in this work, we aim to provide a complete and thorough study of the most popular and best‐performing geometric and data‐driven solutions for VO. In our investigation, we considered several scenarios and environments, comparing the estimation accuracies and the role of the hyper‐parameters of the approaches selected, and analyzing the computational resources they require. Experiments and tests are performed on different data sets (both publicly available and self‐collected) and two different computational boards. The experimental results show pros and cons of the tested approaches under different perspectives. The geometric simultaneous localization and mapping methods are confirmed to be the best performing, while data‐driven approaches show robustness with respect to nonideal conditions present in more challenging scenarios.