bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are sex differences in blood cell count and hemoglobin moderated by the 2D:4D ratio? A cross‐sectional study in a Ghanaian population
Authors: Banyeh Moses , Kangkpi Thea , Bani Simon B. , Zogli Kervin Edinam , Tanko Muniru Mohammed , Atuahene Peter Eugene , Iddrisu Aisha Yaaba , Ekor Christine , Akoto Emmanuel Osei , Amidu Nafiu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsThere are sex differences in blood cell count and hemoglobin (HGB) in adulthood due to differences in the levels of circulating sex hormones. The second‐to‐fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) is the putative marker of prenatal hormone exposure. The 2D:4D or the right‐left difference (Dr‐l) are sexually dimorphic and are correlates of sex hormones in adulthood. The study sought to determine whether sex differences in adult blood cell count and HGB can be partly explained by the 2D:4D or Dr‐l.MethodsThe study was cross‐sectional between June and December 2021 at the University for Development Studies. The study involved 207 healthy participants (females = 113) aged from 18 to 32 years. The right‐hand (2D:4DR), and the left‐hand (2D:4DL) digit ratio and their difference (Dr‐l) were measured using Computer‐assisted analysis. Blood cell count, HGB, testosterone, and estradiol were measured from venous blood samples using an automated HGB analyzer and ELIZA technique.ResultsThe platelet count was inversely related to the 2D:4DR in the total sample with the 2D:4DR accounting for about 0.2% (adjR2 = 0.002) of the variability in platelet count. However, there was a sex difference as indicated by the significant interaction between sex and the 2D:4DR on platelet count (p = 0.03). The relationship between platelet count and the 2D:4DR was negative in females but positive in males. Also, there was a positive relationship between HGB concentration and the Dr‐l in the total study sample, where the Dr‐l accounted for about 0.6% (adjR2 = 0.006) of the variability in HGB concentration. Sex interacted significantly with the Dr‐l on HGB concentration (p = 0.01) such that the relationship between HGB and the Dr‐l was positive in females but negative in males.ConclusionPrenatal hormone exposure, as indexed by the 2D:4D ratio, may partly account for the observed sex differences in platelet count and HGB levels in adulthood.
Combination of robot‐assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty for lower moiety ureteropelvic junction obstruction in a partial duplex system and percutaneous endoscopic surgery for renal calculi reusing the port for robotic pyeloplasty
Authors: Nishio Hidenori , Mizuno Kentaro , Matsumoto Daisuke , Tozawa Keiichi , Yasui Takahiro , Hayashi Yutaro 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionUreteropelvic junction obstruction is often associated with renal calculus formation. However, there is no report of using robot‐assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty combined with percutaneous endoscopic surgery for ureteropelvic junction obstruction and renal calculi in a partial duplex system.Case presentationA 19‐year‐old female patient with lower moiety ureteropelvic junction obstruction and renal calculi in a partial duplex system was referred to our hospital because of left lumbar pain, left acute pyelonephritis, and an increase in left renal calculi during follow‐up at the referral hospital. To prevent the complication of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy following pyeloplasty, robot‐assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty combined with percutaneous endoscopic surgery was performed. Two years after surgery, the patient reported no left lumbar pain.ConclusionThe combination of robot‐assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty and percutaneous endoscopic surgery can be proposed as a safe and less‐invasive treatment option for ureteropelvic junction obstruction and renal calculi in a partial duplex system.
Front Cover
Authors: Chaki Chironjeet , De Taboada Luis , Tse Kwong Ming 
Published: September 2023

In order to deliver safe and effective transdermal deep tissue light therapy (tDTLT), the study simulates laser light propagation in an anatomical human knee model to assess the light transmittance and absorption‐driven thermal changes for various commonly used near‐infrared wavelengths (600‐1200nm) at multiple skin‐applied irradiances. A robust methodology and guidance for investigating high‐power laser therapy dosing prior to clinical research are provided, ensuring the safe and effective delivery of tDTLT.For further details please visit the article by Chironjeet Chaki, Luis De Taboada, and Kwong Ming Tse (e202200283).image
The first reported use of red blood cell exchange to treat hemoglobin Evans with secondary methemoglobinemia
Authors: Williams Lance A. , Adamski Jill , Kinard Theresa N. , Ertz‐Archambault Natalie M. , Lu Qun , Gray Kristin , Herrick Jennifer L. , Su Leon , Padrnos Leslie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis manuscript describes a novel approach for treating patients with long‐term sequelae from hemoglobin Evans (Hb Evans). After instituting conservative therapies for approximately 2 years, our patient's symptoms continually worsened. Therefore, we performed red blood cell exchange (RBCx) to reduce his Hb Evans percentage and his co‐existing elevation of methemoglobin. Our assumptions of clinical benefit were based on our collective experience performing RBCx for patients with sickle cell disease. After the first exchange, pre‐ and post‐laboratory results supported our approach and the patient experienced marked improvement in his clinical signs and symptoms. This report provides preliminary proof of principle for the use of RBCx to treat Hb Evans and other non‐Hb S hemoglobinopathies.
Effect of the secretome of mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing BMP‐9 on osteoblast differentiation and bone repair
Authors: Calixto Robson Diego , Freitas Gileade Pereira , Souza Paola Gomes , Ramos Jaqueline Isadora Reis , Santos Isabela Cristine , de Oliveira Fabiola Singaretti , Almeida Adriana Luisa Gonçalves , Rosa Adalberto Luiz , Beloti Marcio Mateus 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe secretome present in the conditioned medium (CM) of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a promising tool to be used in therapies to promote bone regeneration. Considering the high osteogenic potential of the bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP‐9), we hypothesized that the secretome of MSCs overexpressing BMP‐9 (MSCsBMP‐9) enhances the osteoblast differentiation of MSCs and the bone formation in calvarial defects. CM of either MSCsBMP‐9 (CM‐MSCsBMP‐9) or MSCs without BMP‐9 overexpression (CM‐MSCsVPR) were obtained at different periods. As the CM‐MSCsBMP‐9 generated after 1 h presented the highest BMP‐9 concentration, CM‐MSCsBMP‐9 and CM‐MSCsVPR were collected at this time point and used to culture MSCs and to be injected into mouse calvarial defects. The CM‐MSCsBMP‐9 enhanced the osteoblast differentiation of MSC by upregulating RUNX2, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteopontin protein expression, and ALP activity, compared with CM‐MSCsVPR. The CM‐MSCsBMP‐9 also enhanced the bone repair of mouse calvarial defects, increasing bone volume, bone volume/total volume, bone surface, and trabecular number compared with untreated defects and defects treated with CM‐MSCsVPR or even with MSCsBMP‐9 themselves. In conclusion, the potential of the MSCBMP‐9‐secretome to induce osteoblast differentiation and bone formation shed lights on novel cell‐free‐based therapies to promote bone regeneration of challenging defects.
Tetrabutylammonium bromide/triethanolamine deep eutectic solvents with double hydrogen bond as efficient catalysts for fixation of CO2 in cyclic carbonates under mild conditions
Authors: Yang Hansen , Wang Zhimiao , Yang Qiusheng , Li Fang , Xue Wei , Zhao Xinqiang , Wang Yanji 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDCarbon dioxide is not only a major greenhouse gas but also an important carbon resource, which is abundant, renewable, low cost and non‐toxic. The coupling reaction of CO2 with epoxides has shown great potential in the field of chemical carbon fixation due to its 100% atomic utilization efficiency. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) based on tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) were evaluated for cycloaddition reaction of CO2 with propylene oxide (PO) to propylene carbonate (PC). Density functional theory (DFT) was used to calculate the catalytic performance of DES in CO2 cycloaddition reaction.RESULTSThe utilization of DES containing triethanolamine (TEA) as hydrogen bond donor significantly shortened the reaction time. Under optimal reaction conditions (30 mmol PO, 5 mol% TBAB/TEA (1:1) DES, 1.0 MPa CO2, 90 °C, 2 h), high PC yield (98%) was obtained. DFT calculations revealed that TBAB/TEA (1:1) DES was used as the catalyst for the coupling reaction between PO and CO2, with the ring‐opening process serving as the rate‐determining step and energy barrier of 17.9 kcal mol−1. TBAB/TEA (1:1) DES exhibited excellent recyclability and could be reused more than five times.CONCLUSIONTBAB/TEA (1:1) DES is a highly efficient homogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates through the cycloaddition reaction of CO2 and epoxides. The synergistic catalytic effect of the double hydrogen bonds between DES and Br anions is the reason for its high efficiency. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Muscle power production during intermittent swimming in bluegill sunfish
Authors: Coughlin David J. , Santarcangelo Krista , Wilcock Emma , Tum Suden Daniel J. , Ellerby David J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLocomotion is essential for the survival and fitness of animals. Fishes have evolved a variety of mechanisms to minimize the cost of transport. For instance, bluegill sunfish have recently been shown to employ intermittent swimming in nature and in laboratory conditions. We focused on the functional properties of the power‐producing muscles that generate propulsive forces in bluegill to understand the implications of intermittent activity. We used in vivo aerobic or red muscle activity parameters (e.g., oscillation frequency and onset time and duration of activation) in muscle physiology experiments to examine muscle power output during intermittent versus steady swimming in these fish. Intermittent propulsion involves swimming at relatively slow speeds with short propulsive bursts alternating with gliding episodes. The propulsive bursts are at higher oscillation frequencies than would be predicted for a given average swimming speed with constant propulsion. The work‐loop muscle physiology experiments with red muscle demonstrated that intermittent activity allows muscle to produce sufficient power for swimming compared with imposed steady swimming conditions. Further, the intermittent muscle activity in vitro reduces fatigue relative to steady or continuous activity. This work supports the fixed‐gear hypothesis that suggests that there are preferred oscillation frequencies that optimize efficiency in muscle use and minimize cost of transport.
Novel observations of “freeze resistance” and dynamic blue and green dorsal coloration in frozen and thawing Dryophytes chrysoscelis
Authors: Yokum Elizabeth E. , Goldstein David L. , Krane Carissa M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFreeze tolerant animals survive the winter by tolerating the freezing and thawing of up to 70% of body water and the respective cessation and resumption of essential functions including circulation and respiration during each freeze‐thaw cycle. Cope's gray treefrog Dryophytes chrysoscelis is a freeze tolerant anuran that uses a system of cryoprotectants to prevent intracellular freezing and mitigate osmotic stress during freezing and thawing episodes. Morphological features were documented in D. chrysoscelis using a repeated freeze‐thaw protocol. Dorsal skin in frozen frogs was distinctly blue and green before reverting to brown during thawing. The dorsal color change in frozen frogs does not function similarly to other known color change events in amphibians. The return to brown skin color in thawing animals coincides with recovery of vital functions in freeze tolerant frogs, suggesting that dorsal color change is an indicator of postfreeze recovery in D. chrysoscelis. We also provide evidence of “freeze resistance” in D. chrysoscelis. Two individuals did not freeze following three successive bouts of ice inoculation at −2.5°C and maintained brown dorsal color despite ice crystallization on the dorsum and contact with frozen substrate. Both frogs had similar plasma osmolality, circulating cryoprotectants, and incidence of cryoinjury compared to frogs that were frozen and thawed once or three times. Freeze resistance may be explained by physical changes in the skin including lipid accumulation and dehydration. This integrative study presents novel attributes of organismal freeze tolerance in D. chrysoscelis.
フィブリノゲン濃縮製剤を併用したダメージコントロール戦略により良好な転帰が得られた四肢多発切創による心停止の1例(A damage control strategy, including fibrinogen concentrate, in a patient who suffered cardiac arrest after multiple incision wounds: case report)
Authors: 正留 進 , 雄史 八木 , 靖卓 古賀 , 浩太郎 金田 , 基 藤田 , 良介 鶴田 
Published: September 2023

要旨　症例は37歳の男性。包丁を用いた自傷行為で四肢頸部を切りつけ受傷した。左上腕動脈断裂，正中神経断裂を含めた複数か所の四肢切創に伴う出血性ショックの状態で搬送された。来院後まもなく心停止となったが，心肺蘇生（low flow time 35分）により心拍再開した。心拍再開時点では動脈血のpH 6.557，フィブリノゲン値55mg/dL，深部体温30.2℃と死の三徴が揃っており循環動態も不安定であった。新鮮凍結血漿による凝固因子の補充を行ったが，新鮮凍結血漿投与下でも進行する凝固障害を認めており，フィブリノゲン濃縮製剤併用でのdamage control resuscitation（DCR）を行ったところ，フィブリノゲン濃縮製剤投与後より循環動態は安定し，死の三徴からの離脱が可能となった。来院約6.5時間後から左上肢の血行再建術を施行し，その後に集中治療管理を行った。心停止に伴う脳機能への影響が考えられたが，適切な全身管理により良好な神経学的転帰が得られた。左上肢についても上腕動脈断裂，正中神経断裂，上腕二頭筋断裂などの損傷を認めていたが，複数回の手術の結果，最終的に軽度の運動障害，感覚障害を残す程度まで改善した。本症例ではDCRにおける凝固障害改善にフィブリノゲン濃縮製剤が非常に有用であり，適切なダメージコントロール戦略により，救命のみならず社会復帰もできたので報告する。
COVID–19に関連したサイトメガロウイルス再活性化による空腸潰瘍出血の1例(Jejunal ulcer hemorrhage due to COVID–19–related cytomegalovirus reactivation: a case report)
Authors: 知久 十倉 , 明秀 今 , 功佑 大向 , 啓太 箕輪 , 有矢 吉村 , 達也 野田頭 
Published: September 2023

要旨　症例は基礎疾患のない66歳の男性。前医で新型コロナウイルス感染症（COVID–19）と診断されて当センター紹介となった。SPO295%（室内気），CT検査で肺炎像は認めなかったが，CRP著明高値，高度腎機能障害，総リンパ球数減少を認めた。ステロイドは使用せず経過をみていたが，下血を繰り返し第28病日に多量の下血，出血性ショックとなったため造影CT検査を施行したところ，近位空腸に造影剤の血管外漏出像を認め，緊急手術で小腸部分切除術を施行した。病理組織学的にサイトメガロウイルス（cytomegalovirus: CMV）感染細胞が証明されたためCMV腸炎の確定診断となり，CMV–IgG抗体を保有していたことからCMV再活性化と考えられた。COVID–19によってサイトカインストームが引き起こされることにより後天的な免疫不全状態になることが報告されており，画像所見では説明のつかないCRP上昇や腎機能低下，総リンパ球数減少を認めた場合はCMV再活性化の可能性がある。COVID–19を診療する医師は，CMV再活性化を認知することが非常に重要である。
Optimized rapid and reliable identification ofTuberspp. by matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Klein Mirjam , Kielhauser Romina , Dilger Thorsten 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntentional substitution of food ingredients and misleading or false declarations of food products can lead to large economic damage in the food sector. An example is the truffle, an edible mushroom, with different species having a similar morphology. This makes it difficult to distinguish, for example, the high‐quality black Périgord truffle from Europe and the lower quality black truffle from China. To detect and prevent potential food fraud and to be able to carry out quality assurance measures, the demand for suitable, fast and cost‐effective examination methods for individual foodstuffs is increasing. In this article we present a method based on matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF MS), which can differentiate and identify commercial truffles. For this purpose, highly specific mass spectrometric fingerprints of 73 truffle tubers from eight different species were generated. These were checked and compared under the criteria of a score evaluation, their protein spectra, and cluster formation. Standard laboratory equipment was used for this purpose, so that apart from the MALDI‐TOF no expensive equipment or reagents were required. The study shows that the MALDI‐TOF MS method can distinguish and identifyTuberspp. reliably, quickly and efficiently and can therefore be used for quality assurance and fraud control in the truffle market.
Matrix‐dependent a/x pair and overdegraded w/y/z ions generated by radical‐directed dissociation of peptide radical cations [M]+ in matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization in‐source decay
Authors: Miyazawa Kei , Takayama Mitsuo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFragmentation of peptide radical cations [M].+ has been examined using matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) in‐source decay (ISD) with hydrogen‐abstracting nitro‐substituted matrices. The ISD spectra of peptides containing an arginine (Arg) residue at carboxyl (C)‐termini showed preferential [w]+ ions when 4‐nitro‐1‐naphthol (4,1‐NNL) matrix was used, whereas the use of 3,5‐dinitrosalicylic acid (3,5‐DNSA) resulted in preferential [x]+ ions. Minor or some [d]+, [x]+, [y]+, and [z]+ ions were also observed. For peptides containing Arg residue at amino (N)‐termini, the ISD spectra showed preferential [a]+ ions independent of matrix used. The observed [a]+, [w]+, [x]+, [y]+, and [z]+ ions can be rationally explained by radical‐directed dissociation (RDD) of the peptide radical cations [M].+, although [d]+ ions may be formed via Norrish Type I cleavage and/or by RDD of [M].+ ions. The formation of overdegraded [d]+, [w]+, [y]+, and [z]+ ions is discussed from the standpoint of the internal energy of radical cations [M].+ and radical fragment ions [a + H].+ and [x + H].+ deposited via collisional interactions with excited matrix molecules in the MALDI plume. The radical site of the peptide cations [M].+ was presumed to be backbone amide nitrogen, from MALDI‐ISD data with three different deuterated amino acids.
Novel approach to enhance sensitivity while retaining morphology in fragile tissue sections for mass spectrometry imaging
Authors: Goto‐Inoue Naoko , Morisasa Mizuki , Kimura Keisuke , Mori Tsukasa 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMatrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI‐MS) imaging is an effective tool for investigating the distribution of molecules. However, cryosections are made from non‐fixed tissues, causing difficulties in preparing sections from fragile, high‐water content tissues such as those from tadpoles. Here, we introduce a new method for preparing cryosections using an adhesive tape followed by transfer onto glass slides for MALDI‐MS imaging. Signals obtained from the transferred sections were higher than those from other sections, and the transferred sections had high optical quality. This novel approach could be an effective tool for MALDI‐MS imaging of aquatic animals.
Lipid nanoparticle‐mediated delivery of IL‐21‐encoding mRNA induces viral clearance in mouse models of hepatitis B virus persistence
Authors: Shen Zhongliang , Zhang Shenyan , Jiang Qirong , Liu Nannan , Li Fahong , Gao Zixiang , Pan Shaokun , Hao Weiju , Deng Qiang , Liu Jing , Zhang Jiming , Xie Youhua 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHepatitis B virus (HBV) covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), the transcription template for all viral mRNAs, is highly stable and current treatment options cannot effectively induce its clearance. Previously, we established an HBV persistence mouse model based on a clinical isolate (termed BPS) and identified interleukin‐21 (IL‐21) as a potent inducer of HBV clearance. Lipid nanoparticle (LNP) mediated delivery of mRNA has proven to be a highly safe and effective delivery platform. This work explored the applicability and effectiveness of the mRNA‐LNP platform in IL‐21‐based HBV therapies. First, LNP‐encapsulated murine IL‐21 mRNA (LNP‐IL‐21) was prepared, characterized, and demonstrated to engender IL‐21 expression in vitro and in vivo. Next, LNP‐IL‐21 was shown to induce clearance of both serum and intrahepatic HBV antigen and DNA in two HBV persistence mouse models based on BPS and recombinant cccDNA (rcccDNA), respectively, which was associated with HBV‐specific humoral and cellular immune responses. Furthermore, peripheral blood mononuclear cells from BPS persistence mice treated ex vivo with LNP‐IL‐21 and HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) could induce similar HBV clearance upon infusion into recipient mice. These findings indicated that IL‐21 combined with mRNA‐LNP platform represents a valid and promising strategy for developing novel therapeutics against chronic HBV infection.
Fluoroscopic image‐based behavior analysis can objectively explain subjective expert assessment of wire navigation skill
Authors: Mattioli Dominik D. , Thomas Geb W. , Long Steven , Rölfing Jan Duedal , Anderson Donald D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPsychomotor skill and decision‐making efficiency in surgical wire navigation can be objectively evaluated by analysis of intraoperative fluoroscopic image sequences. Prior work suggests that such image‐based behavior analysis of operating room (OR) performance can predict performer experience level (R2 = 0.62) and agree with expert opinion (the current standard) on the quality of a final implant construct (R2 = 0.59). However, it is unclear how objective image‐based evaluation compares with expert assessments for entire technical OR performances. This study examines the relationships between three key variables: (1) objective image‐based criteria, (2) expert opinions, and (3) performing surgeon experience level. A paired‐comparison survey of seven experts, based upon eight OR fluoroscopic wire navigation image sequences, shows that the experts' preferences are best explained by objective metrics that reflect psychomotor and decision‐making behaviors which are counter‐productive to successful implant placement, like image count (R2 = 0.83) and behavior tally (R2 = 0.74). One such behavior, adjustments away from goal, uniquely correlated well with all three key variables: a fluoroscopic image‐based analysis composite score (R2 = 0.40), expert consensus (R2 = 0.76), and performer experience (R2 = 0.41). These results confirm that experts view less efficient technical behavior as indicative of lesser technical proficiency. While expert assessments of technical skill were reliable and consistent, neither individual nor consensus expert opinion appears to correlate with performer experience (R2 = 0.11).