bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CircDiaph3 influences PASMC apoptosis by regulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway through IGF1R
Authors: Liu Ge , Zhang Shengqiang , Yang Shaofeng , Shen Chongwen , Shi Chao , Diao Wenjie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension has not been elucidated. We investigated the role of a circular ribonucleic acid, circDiaph3, in the proliferation and migration of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells during pulmonary hypertension. CircDiaph3 overexpression in blood samples of patients with pulmonary hypertension was analyzed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Subsequently, a rat model of pulmonary arterial hypertension was established under hypoxic conditions. Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells were harvested from the rat model for subsequent experiments with small interfering ribonucleic acid-mediated knockdown of circDiaph3. In cell model, we found that PI3K, AKT, mTOR and insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling pathway (IGF1R) and smooth muscle cell marker genes (α-SMA, Vcam1) were significantly downregulated. The overexpression of Igf1r in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells rescued the downregulated smooth muscle cell genes, IGF1R signaling pathway proteins, increased smooth muscle cell proliferation, and reduced apoptosis. CircDiaph3 regulates the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway via IGF1R to inhibit apoptosis and promote proliferation of smooth muscle cells. Additionally, adenovirus-mediated in vivo inhibition of circDiaph3 was carried out in rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension, followed by harvesting of their pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells for subsequent experiments. Excessive proliferation of smooth muscle cells in the pulmonary artery has narrowed the pulmonary artery lumen, thereby causing pulmonary hypertension, and our results suggest that circDiaph3 has important value in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension.
Three new amide derivatives from the fungus Alternaria brassicicola
Authors: Li Fengli , Gu Saisai , Zhang Sitian , Mo Shuyuan , Guo Jieru , Hu Zhengxi , Zhang Yonghui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThree new amide derivatives (alteralkaloids A–C, 1–3) and three known alkaloids (4–6) were afforded after phytochemical investigation of fungus Alternaria brassicicola. The structures of these compounds were confirmed by NMR spectroscopic and HRESIMS data. Furthermore, the absolute configuration of 1 was determined using the single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Compounds 1–3 belong to a class of amide derivatives that have not been found in nature before, sharing the same characteristic signals of the butyl moiety and amide group. These isolated compounds mentioned above were tested for the cytotoxic activity.
Graphical Abstract
Current Status on New Technique and Protocol in Urinary Stone Disease
Authors: Montatore Manuela , Muscatella Gianmichele , Eusebi Laura , Masino Federica , Gifuni Rossella , Giannubilo Willy , Sortino Giuseppe , Guglielmi Giuseppe 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose of the Review
This review article aims to show the actual role of Imaging, especially DECT (Dual Energy CT), in recognition of renal calculi.

Recent Findings
CT and in particular DECT have some implications in renal stone disease; CT is considered the gold-standard in the diagnosis in case of acute flank pain caused by nephrolithiasis, better than ultrasound, that represent the first approach, in some specific cases. DECT instead in these days, has increase a very particular role.

Summary
About 12% of the world’s population will experience urinary stones, and 50% of affected people experience a recurrence within 10 years after their first diagnosis. There are many different types of calculi, that could form and stay or could form and then goes to localize in different anatomical site in the urinary system: kidney, ureters, bladder, and urethra. Calculi, especially with high dimensions, cause the typical flank pain, also known as renal colic. The precise cause of their formation is still unknown, it is frequently believed that mineral deposition on a nidus of the mucoprotein matrix is what causes them to form. The preferred Imaging method for detecting urinary stones is ultrasonography (used like the first approach), and Computed Tomography (gold standard), more rapid if “low-dose CT”. In these days, Dual Energy Computed Tomography is useful to determine the composition of the calculation. In fact, it is more effective than single-energy CT; it creates a better separation of stones from iodine; and it allows better measures of stone composition with better differentiation of urate stones from others (even at low doses).
Fair allocation algorithms for indivisible items under structured conflict constraints
Authors: Chiarelli Nina , Krnc Matjaž , Milanič Martin , Pferschy Ulrich , Schauer Joachim 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe consider the fair allocation of indivisible items to several agents with additional conflict constraints. These are represented by a conflict graph where each item corresponds to a vertex of the graph and edges in the graph represent incompatible pairs of items which should not be allocated to the same agent. This setting combines the issues of Partition and Independent Set and can be seen as a partial coloring of the conflict graph. In the resulting optimization problem, each agent has its own valuation function for the profits of the items. We aim at maximizing the lowest total profit obtained by any of the agents. In a previous paper, this problem was shown to be strongly -hard for several well-known graph classes, e.g., bipartite graphs and their line graphs. On the other hand, it was shown that pseudo-polynomial time algorithms exist for the classes of chordal graphs, cocomparability graphs, biconvex bipartite graphs, and graphs of bounded treewidth. In this contribution, we extend this line of research by developing pseudo-polynomial time algorithms that solve the problem for the class of convex bipartite conflict graphs, graphs of bounded clique-width, and graphs of bounded tree-independence number. The algorithms are based on dynamic programming and also permit fully polynomial-time approximation schemes (FPTAS).
Dual-Doped Nickel Sulfide for Electro-Upgrading Polyethylene Terephthalate into Valuable Chemicals and Hydrogen Fuel
Authors: Chen Zhijie , Zheng Renji , Bao Teng , Ma Tianyi , Wei Wei , Shen Yansong , Ni Bing-Jie 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Electro-upcycling of plastic waste into value-added chemicals/fuels is an attractive and sustainable way for plastic waste management. Recently, electrocatalytically converting polyethylene terephthalate (PET) into formate and hydrogen has aroused great interest, while developing low-cost catalysts with high efficiency and selectivity for the central ethylene glycol (PET monomer) oxidation reaction (EGOR) remains a challenge. Herein, a high-performance nickel sulfide catalyst for plastic waste electro-upcycling is designed by a cobalt and chloride co-doping strategy. Benefiting from the interconnected ultrathin nanosheet architecture, dual dopants induced up-shifting d band centre and facilitated in situ structural reconstruction, the Co and Cl co-doped Ni3S2 (Co, Cl-NiS) outperforms the single-doped and undoped analogues for EGOR. The self-evolved sulfide@oxyhydroxide heterostructure catalyzes EG-to-formate conversion with high Faradic efficiency (> 92%) and selectivity (> 91%) at high current densities (> 400 mA cm−2). Besides producing formate, the bifunctional Co, Cl-NiS-assisted PET hydrolysate electrolyzer can achieve a high hydrogen production rate of 50.26 mmol h−1 in 2 M KOH, at 1.7 V. This study not only demonstrates a dual-doping strategy to engineer cost-effective bifunctional catalysts for electrochemical conversion processes, but also provides a green and sustainable way for plastic waste upcycling and simultaneous energy-saving hydrogen production.
Optimization of Heterogeneous Passenger Subway Transfer Timetable Considering Social Equity
Authors: Zhou Yuyang , He Shanshan , Wang Xutao , Wang Peiyu , Chen Yanyan , Luo Ming 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWith the accelerated operation of subway networks, the increasing number of subway transfer stations results in inefficient passenger travel. The target of this paper is to solve the research question of how to reduce transfer waiting time (TWTT) for heterogeneous passengers. The key problem is to determine the optimal concerted train timetable considering the transfer walking time (TWKT) of the passengers. On the basis of field survey data, the regression method was used to establish a TWKT prediction model for general passengers (G) and vulnerable passengers (V), including the elderly, passengers traveling with children, and those carrying large luggage. Afterward, a two-objective integer programming model was formulated to minimize the subway operating costs and TWTT for each group, in which V is given the priority weight to ensure social equity. The headway, loading capacity, and TWKT of heterogeneous passengers were set as optimization model constraints. A genetic algorithm (GA) was designed to find the optimal solution. A case study in which the Beijing Jianguomen Station was selected as the key transfer station was conducted to verify the performance of the proposed model. Key results show that the total TWTT for V and G can be reduced by 18.6% and 27.2%, respectively, with one train saved. Results of the parameter sensitivity analysis reveal the interconnection between the operating cost, heterogeneous passenger proportion, and transfer time. The proposed model can be used for improving transfer efficiency for passengers while considering the enterprise operating costs.
Investigation of the Effects of Important Factors in Suburban Rail Route Determination with MCDM
Authors: Öztürk Onur , Bozkurtoğlu Erkan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThorough evaluation of suburban rail route alternatives is essential for determining the appropriate route. Suburban lines provide transportation services to suburban areas; that is, they provide transportation services to distant points of the city where demand is high. In this study, five alternative suburban rail routes in the commuter rail standard, starting from the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge’s European exit and ending at Istanbul Airport, were determined as a sample corridor in the province of Istanbul. High-standard suburban rail routes and their infrastructure construction costs were determined, and route options were delineated according to their construction costs. Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods were examined, including the application of the decision matrix method (DMM) and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to rank the routes in terms of the factors examined in the study. These routes were ranked according to the construction costs and according to the DMM and AHP methods, and the results were compared. In the decision matrix application, geomorphological-geological, geotechnical, infrastructural, and environmental factors were considered in the evaluation and determination process. A solution was developed in which all aspects were weighted to indicate their relevance, and these factors contributed to the determination of the results. The AHP method was also applied, in which five criteria were included in the evaluation: geology (including geomorphology and soil properties), engineering structures, construction costs, population values addressed by the routes, and railroad length. In addition, the distances to the active faults were examined according to the Turkey Earthquake Hazard Map specified in the Turkish Building Earthquake Code (TBDY) 2018. Depending on the factors studied, the ordering of the routes was the same for all three methods.
Assessment, Prediction, and Mitigation of Metro-Induced Vibrations for an Opera Theatre Adjacent to a Station: A Case Study
Authors: Wang Qihao , Cai Xiaopei , Zhang Qian , Wang Yuqi , Tang Xueyang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRapid urban expansion and the development of urban rail transit networks have led to a deteriorating vibration environment along metro lines. These long-term vibrations pose significant challenges to adjacent buildings, such as opera theatres, and to the well-being of nearby residents. Consequently, there is a critical need for vibration evaluation and the implementation of mitigation solutions. This work provides a numerical investigation into the dynamics of vibrations observed in an opera theatre located above a metro station. A unified coupling method, known as the train-track-station-solum-opera model, is proposed and validated with field experiments. By employing contact theory, deformation coordination criteria, and spring elements, various components are meticulously modeled and coupled. Using this unified coupled approach, metro-induced vibrations at the opera theatre are predicted and evaluated. Additionally, vibration control measures are employed from the perspectives of transfer paths and vibration receivers to mitigate and isolate excessive theatre vibrations. The results, based on a case where the distance between the metro line and the opera theatre is 42 m, demonstrate that metro operations can lead to vibrations exceeding acceptable limits at the opera theatre near the metro station. Therefore, it is imperative that vibrations are assessed before constructing vibration-sensitive buildings along metro lines and that mitigation measures are implemented to meet specifications. In this work, the application of extruded polystyrene (XPS) plates and optimization of building structures effectively reduced excessive theatre vibrations by 1–2.5 dB, offering viable attenuation options without requiring modifications to the existing metro system.
Analysis of the Quality of Incoming AlSi9Mn Alloy Ingots
Authors: Gyarmati Gábor , Kéri Zoltán , Mende Tamás , Molnár Dániel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPrevious research revealed that the quality of the ingots produced by different primary or secondary alloy suppliers can differ remarkably. In this way, the quality of the liquid metal and the castings produced from it can be affected by the impurity content of the ingots used as charge material. In this work, a modified reduced pressure test (RPT) technique, which is based on the remelting of samples extracted from ingots, was applied to investigate the quality of primary AlSi9Mn ingots made by horizontal direct-chill (HDC) casting and gravity casting techniques. For the evaluation of metal quality, image analysis of the cross sections was applied. Pore area fraction, number density, normalized bifilm index, and normalized total pore perimeter were determined, and the relationships between the different metrics were analyzed. The results were compared with the melt quality assessment of the as-melted batches made from the ingots. Solidification simulations, thermal analysis, and microstructural investigations were conducted to investigate the solidification conditions of traditional and remelted RPT samples. Based on the results, the HDC cast ingots possess lower oxide and gas concentrations, which can be traced back to the differences in the melt preparation and casting technologies of the ingots. The comparison of the parameters evaluated by image analysis revealed that there is a strong linear relationship between normalized bifilm index and normalized total pore perimeter. The possible sources of error in ingot quality evaluation are highlighted.
Climate of Syria Based on Cordex Simulations: Present and Future
Authors: Naaouf Nour , Torma Csaba Zsolt 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRegional climate models are widely used to assess current and future impacts of climate change. In this study, we evaluate the performance of regional climate models from the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment programme integrated over the following three CORDEX domains: AFR, MNA and WAS. Four meteorological variables (temperature, precipitation, solar radiation and cloud cover) were evaluated over Syria at a grid spacing of 0.44°. The performance of five models in simulating the present climate characteristics (1989–2008) is evaluated with respect to the observations: CRU, ERA5 reanalysis and SARA and CLARA satellite data. We find that the mini-ensemble captures well the general spatial patterns and annual cycles of the selected variables. Anotheraim of this study was to assess the expected change of the mentioned four climate variables over Syria under the moderate emission scenario (RCP4.5) and the high emission scenario (RCP8.5) in the near future (2031–2050) and in the far future (2080–2099) with respect to the present climate (1989–2008). The simulations show a decreasing trend in cloud cover (between 6% and 10%) and precipitation (up to 9%) by mid and late century, regardless of the forcing scenarios. The simulations show a pronounced warming over Syria, which is expected to reach 6 °C by the end of the twenty-first century following the high greenhouse gas concentration scenario (RCP8.5). Furthermore, such an increase, combined with a decrease in precipitation, will shift Syria’s climate towards a more arid one.
Absence of anti–rabphilin-3A antibodies in children and young adults with idiopathic central diabetes insipidus: a potential clue to elucidating a tumor etiology
Authors: Fujisawa Haruki , Takeuchi Takako , Ishii Akira , Muto Jun , Kamasaki Hotaka , Suzuki Atsushi , Sugimura Yoshihisa 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) is a rare condition caused by various underlying diseases, including neoplasms, autoimmune diseases, and infiltrative diseases. Differentiating between CDI etiologies is difficult. What has initially been classified as “idiopathic” central diabetes insipidus might in fact underlie various pathogenic mechanisms that are less understood to date and/or are not obvious at initial presentation. Therefore, even if idiopathic CDI is diagnosed at the time of onset, it is common for tumors such as germinoma to develop during surveillance. Crucially, a delayed diagnosis of germinoma may be associated with a worse prognosis. Recently, the presence of anti–rabphilin-3A antibodies has been found to be a highly sensitive and specific marker of lymphocytic infundibuloneurohypophysitis, an autoimmune-mediated CDI.

Case presentation
We herein present two cases, namely, a 13-year-old boy (patient 1) and a 19-year-old young man (patient 2) who were diagnosed with idiopathic CDI. In both patients, panhypopituitarism developed. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed pituitary stalk thickening and pituitary swelling approximately 1 1/2 years after the onset of CDI. Western blotting did not reveal the presence of anti-rabphilin-3A antibodies in serum in either patient, suggesting that autoimmune mechanisms might not be involved. Both patients were subsequently diagnosed with germinoma on pathological examination. They received chemotherapy, followed by radiation therapy. Notably, testosterone and insulin-like growth factor-1 levels normalized, and libido and beard growth recovered after chemoradiotherapy in patient 2.

Conclusion
Our data suggest that the absence of anti-rabphilin-3A antibodies in young patients clinically diagnosed with idiopathic CDI may increase the probability of the development of non-lymphocytic lesions, including germinoma. We thus recommend a more attentive approach at the onset of these diseases.
Parents’ and caregivers’ perspectives on the benefits of a high-risk outdoor play space
Authors: Sturges Marion , Gray Tonia , Barnes Jaydene , Lloyd Amanda 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAdult values, attitudes, behaviours, and beliefs are factors that shape childhood exposure to risk-taking experiences. This study examined the role of adults in supporting children’s play and learning in a high-risk park environment. Considering this context, our research incorporated a two-phased mixed-methods approach to explore parent and caregiver perceptions of a bespoke Australian outdoor “nature play park” named Boongaree. Quantitative data collected from participants (n = 302) investigated playground visitation patterns, and qualitative data were collected around parents’ and caregivers’ insights around the benefits and challenges of the park. A noteworthy finding that emerged was the parents’ and caregivers’ strong support of children’s risky play at this park and how the park supported the children’s development. Nine emergent themes from the qualitative data showed that the adults supported their children’s engagement with this high-risk park as it offered opportunities to (1) engage with an innovative nature play park, (2) be challenged and solve problems, (3) connect to the outdoors, (4) have fun, (5) direct their own play, (6) be physically active, (7) be creative and curious, (8) demonstrate confidence and independence, and (9) build social capacity. Finally, our study concluded that the risk appetite or risk tolerance level of parents’ and caregivers’ is one of the primary factors underpinning their desire to engage (and re-engage) with risky nature play opportunities for their child.
Measuring responsible artificial intelligence (RAI) in banking: a valid and reliable instrument
Authors: Ratzan John , Rahman Noushi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Widespread use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in the US banking industry raises red flags with regulators and social groups due to potential risk of data-driven algorithmic bias in credit lending decisions. The absence of a valid and reliable measure of responsible AI (RAI) has stunted the growth of organizational research on RAI (i.e., the organizational balancing act to optimize efficiency and equity). To address this void, we develop a novel measurement instrument to assess RAI maturity in firms. A review of the nascent literature reveals that there is a wide distribution of RAI capabilities. The RAI instrument that we advance is based on the exhaustive review of this dispersed literature. Analyses of data from large US banks show strong evidence of validity and reliability of the RAI maturity instrument.
Smoothed Dirichlet Distribution
Authors: Wickramasinghe Lahiru , Leblanc Alexandre , Muthukumarana Saman 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWhen the cells are ordinal in the multinomial distribution, i.e., when cells have a natural ordering, guaranteeing that the borrowing information among neighboring cells makes sense conceptually. In this paper, we introduce a novel probability distribution for borrowing information among neighboring cells in order to provide reliable estimates for cell probabilities. The proposed smoothed Dirichlet distribution forces the probabilities of neighboring cells to be closer to each other than under the standard Dirichlet distribution. Basic properties of the proposed distribution, including normalizing constant, moments, and marginal distributions, are developed. Sample generation of smoothed Dirichlet distribution is discussed using the acceptance-rejection algorithm. We demonstrate the performance of the proposed smoothed Dirichlet distribution using 2018 Major League Baseball (MLB) batters data.
Fluid-Kinetic-hybrid simulation for ion thruster using polymorphic particles
Authors: Joshi Ninad , Heiliger Christian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA hybrid Fluid-Kinetic model based on a polymorphic Particle-in-Cell method is developed for the simulation of plasmas in ion thruster. The numerical scheme is suited for scenarios in which thermal ions or electrons undergo strong acceleration. The polymorphic PIC model is tested for the extraction region of an ion thruster. In this paper, we report the results achieved by implementing the scheme on a single extraction orifice and compare our results with the simulation from known IGUN software for ion extraction.