bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementing a resilience coach program to support first year housestaff during the COVID-19 pandemic: early pilot results and comparison with non-housestaff sessions
Authors: Stewart Rebecca E. , Wislocki Katherine , Wolk Courtney B. , Bellini Lisa , Livesey Cecilia , Kugler Kelley , Kwon Nayoung , Cardamone Nicholas C. , Becker-Haimes Emily M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we launched the Penn Medicine Coping First Aid program to provide psychosocial supports to our health system community. Our approach leveraged lay health worker volunteers trained in principles of Psychological First Aid to deliver coaching services through a centralized virtual platform.

Methods
We emailed all (n = 408) first year housestaff (i.e., residents and fellows) with an invitation to schedule a session with a resilience coach. We compared the mental health concerns, symptoms, and Psychological First Aid techniques recorded in (n = 67) first year housestaff sessions with (n = 91) sessions of other employees in the health system.

Results
Between June and November 2020, forty-six first year housestaff attended at least one resilience coaching session. First year housestaff most commonly presented with feelings of anxiety and sadness and shared concerns related to the availability of social support. Resilience coaches most frequently provided practical assistance and ensured safety and comfort to first year housestaff. First year housestaff reported fewer physical or mental health symptoms and held shorter sessions with resilience coaches than non-housestaff.

Conclusions
This work offers insights on how to address psychosocial functioning through low-intensity interventions delivered by lay personnel. More research is needed to understand the efficacy of this program and how best to engage housestaff in wellness and resilience programs throughout training, both during and beyond COVID-19.
Dexmedetomidine alleviates pulmonary fibrosis through the ADORA2B-Mediated MAPK signaling pathway
Authors: Lai Xiaofan , Lin Yingying , Huang Shaojie , Pu Lvya , Zeng Qihao , Wang Zhongxing , Huang Wenqi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronically progressive fibrotic pulmonary disease characterized by an uncertain etiology, a poor prognosis, and a paucity of efficacious treatment options. Dexmedetomidine (Dex), an anesthetic-sparing alpha-2 adrenoceptor (α2AR) agonist, plays a crucial role in organ injury and fibrosis. However, the underlying mechanisms of IPF remain unknown.

Methods
In our study, the role of Dex in murine pulmonary fibrosis models was determined by Dex injection intraperitoneally in vivo. Fibroblast activation and myofibroblast differentiation were assessed after Dex treatment in vitro. The activation of MAPK pathway and the expression of Adenosine A2B receptor (ADORA2B) were examined in lung myofibroblasts. Moreover, the role of ADORA2B in Dex suppressing myofibroblast differentiation and pulmonary fibrosis was determined using the ADORA2B agonist BAY60-6583.

Results
The results revealed that Dex could inhibit Bleo-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. In vitro studies revealed that Dex suppressed TGF-β-mediated MAPK pathway activation and myofibroblast differentiation. Furthermore, Dex inhibits myofibroblast differentiation and pulmonary fibrosis via downregulating ADORA2B expression.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest Dex as a potential therapeutic agent for pulmonary fibrosis. Dex may alleviate lung fibrosis and myofibroblast differentiation through the ADORA2B-mediated MAPK signaling pathway.
A multifunctional integrated biomimetic spore nanoplatform for successively overcoming oral biological barriers
Authors: Song Qingling , Yang Junfei , Wu Xiaocui , Li Yao , Zhao Hongjuan , Feng Qianhua , Zhang Zhenzhong , Zhang Yun , Wang Lei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe biological barriers have seriously restricted the efficacious responses of oral delivery system in diseases treatment. Utilizing a carrier based on the single construction means is hard to overcome these obstacles simultaneously because the complex gastrointestinal tract environment requires carrier to have different or even contradictory properties. Interestingly, spore capsid (SC) integrates many unique biological characteristics, such as high resistance, good stability etc. This fact offers a boundless source of inspiration for the construction of multi-functional oral nanoplatform based on SC without further modification. Herein, we develop a type of biomimetic spore nanoplatform (SC@DS NPs) to successively overcome oral biological barriers. Firstly, doxorubicin (DOX) and sorafenib (SOR) are self-assembled to form carrier-free nanoparticles (DS NPs). Subsequently, SC is effectively separated from probiotic spores and served as a functional vehicle for delivering DS NPs. As expect, SC@DS NPs can efficaciously pass through the rugged stomach environment after oral administration and further be transported to the intestine. Surprisingly, we find that SC@DS NPs exhibit a significant improvement in the aspects of mucus penetration and transepithelial transport, which is related to the protein species of SC. This study demonstrates that SC@DS NPs can efficiently overcome multiple biological barriers and improve the therapeutic effect.
“A peer support worker can really be there supporting the youth throughout the whole process”: a qualitative study exploring the role of peer support in providing substance use services to youth
Authors: Turuba Roxanne , Toddington Ciara , Tymoschuk Miranda , Amarasekera Anurada , Howard Amanda Madeleine , Brockmann Violet , Tallon Corinne , Irving Sarah , Mathias Steve , Henderson J. L. , Barbic Skye 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Youth (ages 12–24) rarely access services and supports to address substance use concerns. Peer support can facilitate service engagement and has been associated with positive substance use recovery outcomes in adults, yet few studies have examined this role among youth specifically. As such, this qualitative study explored the role of peer support in providing substance use services to youth in British Columbia and how best to support them in their role.

Methods
Participatory action research methods were used by partnering with youth who had lived/living experience of substance use, including peer support workers, to co-design the research protocol and materials. An initial focus group and subsequent interviews were held with 18 peer support workers who provide services to youth (ages 12–24) based on their own lived experience with mental health and/or substance use. The discussions were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed thematically using an inductive approach.

Results
Peer support workers' core experiences providing substance use services to youth centred around supporting youth throughout the whole process. This was accomplished by meeting youth where they are at, providing individualized care, and bridging the gap between other services and supports. However, participants experienced multiple organizational barriers hindering their ability to support youth and stressed the importance of having an employer who understands the work you are doing. This involved having someone advocating for the peer support role to promote collaboration, empowering peers to set boundaries and define their own role, and providing adequate training and mentorship. Finally, peer support workers described how their lived experience bridges connection and de-stigmatization at the individual, organizational, and community level, which was unique to their role.

Conclusions
Peer support plays a unique role in youths’ substance use journeys, given their own lived experience and flexibility within their role. However, their position is often misunderstood by employers and other service providers, leaving peers with inadequate support, training, and mentorship to do their job. The findings from this study call for improved integration of peer support into service environments, as well as standardized training that is in-depth and continuous.
Preliminary study on miRNA in prostate cancer
Authors: Abudoubari Saimaitikari , Bu Ke , Mei Yujie , Maimaitiyiming Abudukeyoumu , An Hengqing , Tao Ning 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
To screen for miRNAs differentially expressed in prostate cancer and prostate hyperplasia tissues and to validate their association with prostate cancer.

Methods
Patients diagnosed by pathology in the Department of Urology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from October 2021 to June 2022 were selected, and their general clinical information, blood samples, and prostate tissue samples were collected. miRNA microarray technology was performed to obtain differentially expressed miRNAs in prostate cancer and hyperplasia tissues, and miRNAs to be studied were screened by microarray results and review of relevant literature. The detection of miRNA expression in the patients’ blood and prostate tissue samples was measured. The miRNA-222-mimics were transfected into PC3 cells, and cell biology experiments such as CCK8, scratch, Transwell, and flow cytometry were performed to detect the effects of overexpressed miRNA-222 on the growth and proliferation, invasive ability, apoptotic ability, and metastatic ability of prostate cancer cells.

Results
The results of the miRNA microarray showed that there were many differentially expressed miRNAs in prostate cancer and hyperplasia tissues, and four miRNAs, miRNA-144, miRNA-222, miRNA-1248, and miRNA-3651 were finally selected as the subjects by reviewing relevant literature. The results showed that the expression of miRNA-222 in prostate cancer tissues was lower than that in prostate hyperplasia tissues (P < 0.05). The expression of miRNA-222, miRNA-1248, and miRNA-3651 in blood samples of prostate cancer patients was lower than that in prostate hyperplasia patients (P < 0.05). The analysis results indicated that the f/t ratio and the relative expression of miRNA-222 and miRNA-1248 were independent influences of prostate cancer (P < 0.05), in which overexpression of miRNA-222 decreased the proliferative, invasive, and metastatic abilities of PC3 cells and enhanced the level of apoptosis of cancer cells.

Conclusions
Although there was no significant change in the overall incidence of prostate cancer in this study, significant changes occurred in the incidence of prostate cancer with different characteristics. In addition, the nomogram prediction model of prostate cancer-specific survival rate constructed based on four factors has a high reference value, which helps physicians to correctly assess the patient-specific survival rate and provides a reference basis for patient diagnosis and prognosis evaluation.
Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern potentially expand host range to chickens: insights from AXL, NRP1 and ACE2 receptors
Authors: Lei Mengyue , Ma Ying , Chen Hongli , Huang Pu , Sun Jing , Wang Xu , Sun Qiangming , Hu Yunzhang , Shi Jiandong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The possibilities of cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) between humans and poultry species are unknown. The analysis of the structure of receptor was used to investigate the potential of emerging SARS-CoV-2 VOCs to expand species tropism to chickens based on the interaction between Spike (S) protein and tyrosine kinase receptor UFO (AXL), angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), and neuropilin 1 (NRP1) with substantial public health importance.

Methods
The structural and genetic alignment and surface potential analysis of the amino acid (aa) in ACE2, AXL, and NRP1 in human, hamster, mouse, mink, ferret, rhesus monkey and chickens were performed by Swiss-Model and pymol software. The critical aa sites that determined the susceptibility of the SARS-CoV-2 to the host were screened by aligning the residues interfacing with the N-terminal domain (NTD) or receptor-binding domain (RBD) of Spike protein.

Results
The binding modes of chickens AXL and ACE2 to S protein are similar to that of the ferret. The spatial structure and electrostatic surface potential of NRP1 showed that SARS-CoV-2 VOCs could not invade chickens through NRP1 easily.

Conclusion
These results suggested that emerging SARS-CoV-2 VOCs potentially expand the host range to chickens mainly through ACE2 and AXL receptors, while NRP1 receptor may rarely participate in the future epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 in chickens.
Isolation and pathogenicity of porcine circovirus type 2 in mice from Guangxi province, China
Authors: Jiao Qiulin , Yang Liuyue , Liu Xiangzu , Wen Yanwen , Tian Linxing , Qian Ping , Chen Huanchun , Li Xiangmin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), a member of the genus Circovirus and family Circoviridae, is a closed, small, circular, and single-stranded DNA virus, and it is a crucial swine pathogen of porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVADs). PCV2 was first detected in PK-15(ATCC-CCL) cells in 1974, which has caused significant economic loss to the swine industry throughout the world. And the first case of PCV2 was reported in China in 2000. At present, PCV2d is the main genotype circulating widely in China.

Methods
Lymph samples were obtained from piglets with emaciation and respiratory disease in Guangxi province, China. The main pathogens were detected via PCR from lymph samples, and then PCV2-single positive samples were used to inoculate with PK-15 cells. After successive generations, the isolate was subsequently identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), immunofluorescence assay (IFA), Western blot (WB), and transmission electron microscopic (TEM). The full-length genome and genetic characterization of isolates were analyzed by Sanger sequencing. The TCID50 of the PCV2-GX-6 was determined by IFA, and the pathogenicity of PCV2 in BALB/c mice was analyzed via the mouse model.

Results
The isolates were successfully isolated from clinical samples. The complete genome of PCV2-GX-4, PCV2-GX-6, PCV2-GX-7, PCV2-GX-11 and PCV2-GX-16 have been amplified, sequenced, and deposited in GenBank (accession no.: OR133747, OQ803314, OR133748, OR133749, OR133750). Homology and phylogenetic analysis with reference strains showed that the isolates belonged to the PCV2d genotype. The PCV2-GX-6 could be stably passaged more than 30 times in PK-15 cells. PCV2-GX-6 was identified by PCR, IFA, WB and TEM. The results of homology showed that PCV2-GX-6 was closely related to the reference strains PCV2-JS17-8 (GenBank accession no.: MH211363). Pathogenicity studies in mice have shown that PCV2-GX-6 can lead to growth inhibition of mice. Meanwhile PCV2-GX-6 caused the typical lesions of spleen, lung and kidney. The results of qPCR showed that PCV2 can effectively proliferate in the liver, spleen, lung, and kidney.

Conclusion
PCV2-GX-6 can successfully infect BLAB/c mice, effectively proliferate in major organs, and possessed high pathogenicity. In conclusion, combined with the genotype and pathogenicity of PCV2d currently prevalent, PCV2-GX-6 can be used as a candidate vaccine strain.
Exploring electronic cigarette portrayals: a content and thematic analysis of African online news coverage
Authors: Ngoma Chimwemwe , Adebisi Yusuff Adebayo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Electronic cigarette use has surged internationally in recent years, with numerous countries noting an uptick in users. Despite this, the portrayal of e-cigarette usage in African news remains unclear.

Methods
This research investigates the subject, employing a mixed-methodology approach. The study units were news articles on electronic cigarette use retrieved from AllAfrica, an online African news archive. A total of 38 online news and opinion articles published between June 2017 and June 2022 qualified the exclusion and inclusion criteria. A content analysis revealed prevalent codes and themes, while a thematic analysis explored the association between news sources and framing.

Results
The results indicate that articles and arguments presenting e-cigarettes positively outnumber those with a negative slant. The health impacts of electronic cigarettes emerged as the most discussed topic, with health authorities frequently cited as news sources. However, these health authorities often lacked a unified stance on e-cigarette safety.

Conclusion
The lack of consensus among health officials could have public health consequences, possibly resulting in the formulation of uninformed policies.
Effect of diabetes mellitus on the outcomes of total ankle arthroplasty: is controlled diabetes mellitus a risk factor?
Authors: Lee Gun-Woo , Jung Dong-Min , Jung Woo-Chul , Lee Keun-Bae 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
It is still uncertain whether diabetes mellitus (DM) is a risk factor for poor outcomes and increased complications after total ankle arthroplasty (TAA). The objective of this study was to compare clinical outcomes and complication rates of TAA in patients with and without DM.

Methods
This study enrolled patients with symptomatic end-stage ankle osteoarthritis with a minimum follow-up period of 24 months after TAA. A total of 252 patients (266 ankles) were classified into two groups according to the presence of DM: (1) DM group (59 patients, 67 ankles) and (2) non-DM group (193 patients, 199 ankles). We defined controlled diabetes as (1) HbA1c level < 7.0%, or (2) fasting glucose level < 130 mg/dL with HbA1c level ≥ 7.0% for hospitalization period. Clinical outcomes data (Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale, American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot score, Short Form-36 Physical Component Summary score, and visual analog scale for pain) were compared preoperatively and at the final follow-up between the two groups. Complications following TAA were also compared between the two groups.

Results
All clinical variables had improved in both groups by the final follow-up (mean follow-up = 77.8 months). There was no significant difference in any clinical variable between the two groups at the final follow-up (P > 0.05). Of the 266 ankles, 73 ankles (19 in the DM group, 54 in the non-DM group) developed periprosthetic osteolysis. Although the DM group showed a higher prevalence of aseptic loosening or subsidence, the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P = 0.236).

Conclusions
In the intermediate-term follow-up, TAA in patients with controlled DM showed clinical outcomes and complication rates comparable to patients without DM. Our results suggest that TAA can be done safely in diabetic patients if the DM is controlled in the perioperative period.
Level of evidence: Therapeutic Level III.
Pure uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery for treating thoracic tuberculous spondylitis: an initial case series of seven patients
Authors: Xiu Xin , Chen Yungang , Ding Yonghua , Zhang Qiang , Chen Deqiang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe development of thoracic surgical techniques has provided a new avenue for treating thoracic tuberculosis. Moreover, microscopic treatment of spinal tuberculosis has attracted increasing attention, as it affords good visual access and reduces trauma. Traditional thoracoscopic treatment of spinal tuberculosis usually requires 2–3 passages, accompanied by a corresponding number of incisions. With a large number of conventional thoracoscopic surgeries performed, improved resolution of the microscopic field of view, effective hemostasis of the peripheral vessels using the ultrasonic knife, and many reports in the literature, thoracic tuberculosis can now be treated microscopically by creating a single channel. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility and surgical technique for thoracic tuberculous spondylitis treatment via debridement and bone graft fusion surgery employing pure uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS), combined with posterior internal fixation.MethodsSeven patients with relatively complete documentation were included in this study. All patients underwent lesion removal and bone graft reconstruction via uniportal VATS with posterior internal fixation. The mean patient age was 39.6 years. Surgical duration, blood loss volume, postoperative recovery time, and thoracic kyphosis angle were recorded.ResultsThe surgeries were successful with no severe postoperative complications. All patients were followed-up, and no recurrence of tuberculosis was observed. Imaging data, including computed tomography scans, confirmed the complete removal of the lesions. Additionally, bone fusion at the graft site was successful, no loss of the thoracic kyphosis angle was noted postoperatively, and the thoracic kyphosis angle improved.ConclusionsPure uniportal VATS yields satisfactory results and inflicts less trauma than previous surgical techniques. This technique also offers a reference value for treating thoracic tuberculous spondylitis.
Overcoming challenges in rare disease registry integration using the semantic web - a clinical research perspective
Authors: Gisslander Karl , Mohammad Aladdin J , Vaglio Augusto , Little Mark A 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe growing number of disease-specific patient registries for rare diseases has highlighted the need for registry interoperability and data linkage, leading to large-scale rare disease data integration projects using Semantic Web based solutions. These technologies may be difficult to grasp for rare disease experts, leading to limited involvement by domain expertise in the data integration process. Here, we propose a data integration framework starting from the perspective of the clinical researcher, allowing for purposeful rare disease registry integration driven by clinical research questions.
Congenital disorders of glycosylation: narration of a story through its patents
Authors: Monticelli Maria , D’Onofrio Tania , Jaeken Jaak , Morava Eva , Andreotti Giuseppina , Cubellis Maria Vittoria 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCongenital disorders of glycosylation are a group of more than 160 rare genetic defects in protein and lipid glycosylation. Since the first clinical report in 1980 of PMM2-CDG, the most common CDG worldwide, research made great strides, but nearly all of them are still missing a cure. CDG diagnosis has been at a rapid pace since the introduction of whole-exome/whole-genome sequencing as a diagnostic tool. Here, we retrace the history of CDG by analyzing all the patents associated with the topic. To this end, we explored the Espacenet database, extracted a list of patents, and then divided them into three major groups: (1) Drugs/therapeutic approaches for CDG, (2) Drug delivery tools for CDG, (3) Diagnostic tools for CDG. Despite the enormous scientific progress experienced in the last 30 years, diagnostic tools, drugs, and biomarkers are still urgently needed.