bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perfectly contractile graphs and quadratic toric rings
Authors: Ohsugi Hidefumi , Shibata Kazuki , Tsuchiya Akiyoshi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPerfect graphs form one of the distinguished classes of finite simple graphs. In 2006, Chudnovsky, Robertson, Seymour, and Thomas proved that a graph is perfect if and only if it has no odd holes and no odd antiholes as induced subgraphs, which was conjectured by Berge. We consider the class of graphs that have no odd holes, no antiholes, and no odd stretchers as induced subgraphs. In particular, every graph belonging to is perfect. Everett and Reed conjectured that a graph belongs to if and only if it is perfectly contractile. In the present paper, we discuss graphs belonging to from a viewpoint of commutative algebra. In fact, we conjecture that a perfect graph belongs to if and only if the toric ideal of the stable set polytope of is generated by quadratic binomials. Especially, we show that this conjecture is true for Meyniel graphs, perfectly orderable graphs, and clique separable graphs, which are perfectly contractile graphs.
Properties and Activity of Peptide Derivatives of ACE2 Cellular Receptor and Their Interaction with SARS-CoV-2 S Protein Receptor-Binding Domain
Authors: Sidorova M. V. , Bibilashvili R. S. , Avdeev D. V. , Kozhokar U. S. , Palkeeva M. E. , Ovchinnikov M. V. , Molokoedov A. S. , Shirokov D. A. , Semyonova A. V. , Uvarova V. I. , Kulyaev P. O. , Khvatov E. V. , Ignatova A. A. , Feofanov A. V. , Osolodkin D. I. , Porozov Yu. B. , Kozlovskaya L. I. , Ishmukhametov A. A. , Parfyonova Ye. V. , Egorov A. M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe aim of this work was to design and characterize peptides based on the α-helices h1 and h2 of the ACE2 receptor, forming the interaction interface between the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 S protein and the cellular ACE2 receptor. Monomeric and heterodimeric peptides connected by disulfide bonds at different positions were synthesized. Solubility, RBD-binding affinity, and peptide helicity were experimentally measured, and molecular dynamics simulation was performed in various solvents. It was established that the preservation of the helical conformation is a necessary condition for the binding of peptides to RBD. The peptides have a low degree of helicity and low affinity for RBD in water. Dimeric peptides have a higher degree of helicity than monomeric ones, probably due to the mutual influence of helices. The degree of helicity of the peptides in trifluoroethanol is the highest; however, for in vitro studies, the most suitable solvent is a water-ethanol mixture.
On the Mystery of One Bead
Authors: Tereschenko E. Yu. , Kuzina I. N. , Mandrykina A. V. , Kondratev O. A. , Kulikova E. S. , Svetogorov R. D. , Gureva P. V. , Kovalenko E. S. , Murashev M. M. , Vaschenkova E. S. , Ismagulov A. M. , Retivov V. M. , Yatsishina E. B. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe results of studying a biconical glass bead (14th century) found during excavations by the Institute of Archaeology, Russian Academy of Sciences, at the settlement of Rostislavl (urban district of Kolomna, Moscow oblast) in 2018 are presented. The studied bead specimen differs significantly from all beads traditionally found during excavations in this region. A combination of a complex of imaging methods (X-ray and neutron tomography), large-scale X-ray fluorescence mapping of the distribution of elements, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis, and phase analysis allow us to determine that the bead decoration was formed by several layers of materials of different composition. Quantitative information about the base composition and trace components is obtained by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. It is revealed that the bead was made by combining separate layers of the base and decorating material from glasses of two classes, lead silicate and potash lead. Both established glass classes bring it closer to the medieval glasses of Central Europe. In this case, such a combination of the composition and manufacturing technique of similar objects was first found on the territory of Old Russia.
Incidence and outcomes of intrapartum-related neonatal encephalopathy in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kukka Antti Juhani , Waheddoost Sara , Brown Nick , Litorp Helena , Wrammert Johan , KC Ashish 
Published: December 2022

AimTo examine the incidence of intrapartum-related neonatal encephalopathy, and neonatal mortality and neurodevelopmental outcomes associated with it in low-income and middle-income countries.MethodsReports were included when neonatal encephalopathy diagnosed clinically within 24 hours of birth in term or near-term infants born after intrapartum hypoxia-ischaemia defined as any of the following: (1) pH≤7.1 or base excess ≤−12 or lactate ≥6, (2) Apgar score ≤5 at 5 or 10 min, (3) continuing resuscitation at 5 or 10 min or (4) no cry from baby at 5 or 10 min. Peer-reviewed articles were searched from Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane, Web of Science and WHO Global Index Medicus with date limits 1 November 2009 to 17 November 2021. Risk of bias was assessed using modified Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Inverse variance of heterogenicity was used for meta-analyses.ResultsThere were 53 reports from 51 studies presenting data on 4181 children with intrapartum-related neonatal encephalopathy included in the review. Only five studies had data on incidence, which ranged from 1.5 to 20.3 per 1000 live births. Neonatal mortality was examined in 45 studies and in total 636 of the 3307 (19.2%) infants died. Combined outcome of death or moderate to severe neurodevelopmental disability was reported in 19 studies and occurred in 712 out of 1595 children (44.6%) with follow-up 1 to 3.5 years.ConclusionThough there has been progress in some regions, incidence, case mortality and morbidity in intrapartum-related neonatal encephalopathy has been static in the last 10 years.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020177928.
Expert consensus on core topics of sustainable development online learning module for family physicians: a Delphi study
Authors: Suvarnabhumi Krishna , Jorajit Sujitra , Dechpichai Wan , Ativitthayaporn Jarus 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesMedical institutions must provide learning experiences that enhance the knowledge and perspectives of sustainable development (SD) to prepare trainees of family medicine to become competent global citizens. The aim of this study was to develop an SD online learning module for trainees of family medicine.DesignThis mixed-methods study was conducted from January 2020 to May 2021, beginning with a literature review concerning Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and Education for Sustainable Development in medicine. In-depth interviews were held to assess the relevant needs of family medicine training, followed by a two-round Delphi survey with experienced educators (N=21) in family medicine to refine and achieve consensus on the appropriate SDG topics for family physicians.SettingAll residency training programmes in Thailand.ParticipantsMembers of the Residency Training Committee, Royal College of Family Physicians of Thailand.ResultsThe literature review and in-depth interviews identified 12 topics of SD that were required for family physicians. The first round of the Delphi survey was concluded by identifying seven core topics with additional suggestions. In the second round, a consensus was obtained among the experienced educators regarding seven core topics as (1) a definition of SD, (2) principles of SD, (3) SDG, (4) a new concept of SD, (5) SD in the context of Thailand, (6) SD and principles of family medicine and (7) SD and family practice. These core topics were grouped within three main objectives and three submodules.ConclusionsAn online learning module of SD for family physicians was developed using modiﬁed Delphi method. This included three submodules as (1) concept and principles of SD, (2) SDG and (3) SD and its integration with family practice. This online learning module will provide additional resources for trainees of family medicine and Thai family physicians to expand their knowledge and perspectives of SD.
Measuring emotional well-being through subjective report: a scoping review of reviews
Authors: Koslouski Jessica B , Wilson-Mendenhall Christine D , Parsafar Parisa , Goldberg Simon , Martin Michelle Y , Chafouleas Sandra M 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveThis scoping review of reviews aims to describe the current landscape of measures of emotional well-being (EWB).MethodsFollowing established practices for scoping reviews, we searched the PsycInfo, ERIC, Scopus and PubMed databases in June and July 2021 for reviews of measures of EWB that described their review methods and psychometric properties of included measures. From each eligible article, two coders independently extracted the authors’ (1) definition of EWB, (2) purpose for the review, (3) methods (eg, search terms, inclusion and exclusion criteria), (4) identified measures (including any noted adaptations) and (5) the scope of psychometric information presented. Descriptive and content analyses were used to examine data.ResultsForty-nine reviews were included in this scoping review. Reviews included anywhere between 1 and 34 measures of EWB and 135 unique EWB measures were captured across all reviews. We found that there was no consistent definition of EWB, identified measures varied widely and reviews were published in a range of disciplines. Psychometric evidence varied as did authors’ purposes for conducting the reviews.ConclusionsOverall, these reviews suggest that literature on EWB measurement is disjointed and diffuse. Conceptual integration and harmonisation of measures is needed to advance knowledge of EWB and its measurement.Trial registration numbers10.17605/OSF.IO/BQDS7 and 10.17605/OSF.IO/WV8PF.
Descriptive epidemiology of gynaecological cancers in southern Ethiopia: retrospective cross-sectional review
Authors: Gebretsadik Achamyelesh , Bogale Netsanet , Dulla Dubale 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveTo determine the epidemiology of gynaecological cancer among patients treated at Hawassa University Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital (HUCSH) from 2013 to 2019.DesignA retrospective cross-sectional review.Setting, participants, and outcome measureA total of 3002 patients’ cards with a diagnosis of cancer at a tertiary hospital named HUCSH were reviewed between February and May 2020. HUCSH is the only oncological care centre in the southern region of Ethiopia. Of this all-gynaecological cancer charts were extracted and descriptive and trend analyses were done. The review was conducted between February and May 2020.ResultOut of all 3002 cancer cases, 522 (17.4%) cases of gynaecological cancers were identified in 7 years. Cervical cancer accounted for 385 (73.8%) of all gynaecological cancers in this study, the next most common gynaecological cancers were ovarian cancer 55(10.5%) and endometrial cancer 51(9.8%), respectively. The mean (SD) age was 44.84 (12.23). Trends of all identified gynaecological cancers showed continuous increments of caseload year to year. Since 2016 increment of cervical cancer is drastically vertical compared with others.ConclusionDespite the limited use of a registration and referral system in primary health institutions, the burden of gynaecological cancers has increased over time. Treatment steps should be taken as soon as possible after a cancer diagnosis to prevent the disease from progressing.
Implementing an exercise oncology model to reach rural and remote individuals living with and beyond cancer: a hybrid effectiveness-implementation protocol for project EXCEL (EXercise for Cancer to Enhance Living Well)
Authors: Culos-Reed Nicole , Wagoner Chad W , Dreger Julianna , McNeely Margaret L , Keats Melanie , Santa Mina Daniel , Cuthbert Colleen , Capozzi Lauren C , Francis George J , Chen Guanmin , Ester Manuel , McLaughlin Emma , Eisele Max , Sibley Daniel , Langley Jodi , Chiekwe Joy , Christensen Thomas 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionIndividuals living with and beyond cancer from rural and remote areas lack accessibility to supportive cancer care resources compared with those in urban areas. Exercise is an evidence-based intervention that is a safe and effective supportive cancer care resource, improving physical fitness and function, well-being and quality of life. Thus, it is imperative that exercise oncology programs are accessible for all individuals living with cancer, regardless of geographical location. To improve accessibility to exercise oncology programs, we have designed the EXercise for Cancer to Enhance Living Well (EXCEL) study.Methods and analysisEXCEL is a hybrid effectiveness-implementation study. Exercise-based oncology knowledge from clinical exercise physiologists supports healthcare professionals and community-based qualified exercise professionals, facilitating exercise oncology education, referrals and programming. Recruitment began in September 2020 and will continue for 5 years with the goal to enroll ~1500 individuals from rural and remote areas. All tumour groups are eligible, and participants must be 18 years or older. Participants take part in a 12-week multimodal progressive exercise intervention currently being delivered online. The reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance (RE-AIM) framework is used to determine the impact of EXCEL at participant and institutional levels. Physical activity, functional fitness and patient-reported outcomes are assessed at baseline and 12-week time points of the EXCEL exercise intervention.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the Health Research Ethics Board of Alberta. Our team will disseminate EXCEL information through quarterly newsletters to stakeholders, including participants, qualified exercise professionals, healthcare professionals and community networks. Ongoing outreach includes community presentations (eg, support groups, fitness companies) that provide study updates and exercise resources. Our team will publish manuscripts and present at conferences on EXCEL’s ongoing implementation efforts across the 5-year study.Trial registration numberNCT04478851.
Prevalence of human papillomavirus in Wenzhou, China: a cross-sectional study of 127 938 outpatient women
Authors: Zhang Mengqi , Chen Gang , Dai Xuchao , Wu Zhigang , Huang Hong , Zheng Yuanyuan 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesUnderstanding the prevalence and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) is critical for managing HPV vaccination programmes. Using a retrospective cross-sectional study, we examined long-term trends of HPV prevalence in Wenzhou, a coastal city in China.Setting and participantsCervical exfoliated cells were collected from 127 938 women who underwent cervical cancer screening at the gynaecology outpatient clinic of Wenzhou People’s Hospital from January 2011 to December 2020. HPV infections and genotypes were determined. The HPV genotypes were 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 6, 11, 42, 43, 44 and 81. From 2011 to 2014, we used PCR and inflow hybridisation for typing assays. In 2015–2020, HPV genotyping was performed on the collected specimens using PCR and flow fluorescence hybridisation.ResultsThe overall prevalence of HPV infection was 17.8%. Across age groups, the prevalence fluctuated between 15.9% and 37.4%, with two peaks in the ≤20 and ≥51 year groups. The annual prevalence varied between 12.2% and 28.8%, with a significant decrease in 2011–2018 and a flat trend in 2018–2020. The five most common HPV genotypes were HPV52 (3.6%), 16 (3.0%), 58 (2.5%), 53 (1.9%) and 81 (1.3%). The prevalence of high-risk gene subtypes HPV56, 59 and the low-risk subtype HPV44 increased. Single HPV infection was the most common.ConclusionThe prevalence of HPV in Wenzhou is low to mid-range; however, the high-risk genetic subtypes HPV56 and 59 have increased in recent years. We need to promote HPV vaccination and increase education regarding safer sex.
Community pharmacy and general practice collaborative and integrated working: a realist review protocol
Authors: Owen Emily Claire , Abrams Ruth , Cai Ziyue , Duddy Claire , Fudge Nina , Hamer-Hunt Julia , Husson Fran , Mahtani Kamal Ram , Ogden Margaret , Swinglehurst Deborah , Turner Malcolm , Whittlesea Cate , Wong Geoff , Park Sophie 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionIncreasing collaborative and integrated working between General practice (GP) and Community pharmacy (CP) is a key priority of the UK National Health Service and has been proposed as a solution to reducing health system fragmentation, improving synergies and coordination of care. However, there is limited understanding regarding how and under which circumstances collaborative and integrated working between GP and CP can be achieved in practice and how regulatory, organisational and systemic barriers can be overcome.Methods and analysisThe aim of our review is to understand how, when and why working arrangements between GP and CP can provide the conditions necessary for optimal communication, decision-making, and collaborative and integrated working. A realist review approach will be used to synthesise the evidence to make sense of the complexities inherent in the working relationships between GP and CP. Our review will follow Pawson’s five iterative stages: (1) finding existing theories; (2) searching for evidence (our main searches were conducted in April 2022); (3) article selection; (4) data extraction and (5) synthesising evidence and drawing conclusions. We will synthesise evidence from grey literature, qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods research. The research team will work closely with key stakeholders and include patient and public involvement and engagement throughout the review process to refine the focus of the review and the programme theory. Collectively, our refined programme theory will explain how collaborative and integrated working between GP and CP works (or not), for whom, how and under which circumstances.Ethics and disseminationFormal ethical approval is not required for this review as it draws on secondary data from published articles and grey literature. Findings will be widely disseminated through: publication in peer-reviewed journals, seminars, international conference presentations, patients’ association channels, social media, symposia and user-friendly summaries.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022314280.
1583 Impact of digital technology in care homes on Emergency Department attendances
Authors: Garner Alex , Knight Jo , Preston Nancy , Dixon Simon , Watchorn Sam , Caiado Camila , McShane Catherine , King Graham , Mason Suzanne 
Published: December 2022

Aims, Objectives and BackgroundHealthCall is a digital health initiative that aims to reduce emergency department attendances by upskilling care home staff to use app-based technology whereby residents with new clinical presentations’ observations are recorded electronically using a structured SBAR approach. Information is fed to a Single Point of Access where clinical staff triage the referrals. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the HealthCall technology across the North East of England to safely reduce ED referrals and attendance.Method and DesignThe study included 122 care homes covering the study period 2018–2021. Routinely collected secondary care data from County Durham and Darlington NHS Foundation Trust was linked with clinical data from HealthCall. We describe the change in ED attendances over the period before, during and after the introduction of the technology to the care homes. We fitted Poisson generalised linear mixture models to monthly counts of emergency attendances. Covariates were included to adjust for seasonality and external factors such as COVID-19, and hierarchical random intercepts were included to account for both individual and care home variability. The impact of HealthCall technology usage on residents’ expected number of attendances is tested as a ‘step’ change at intervention and a ‘slope’ change post intervention.Results and ConclusionWe identified 8,702 care home residents through linkage between the secondary care and HealthCall datasets. Preliminary results suggest the use of HealthCall reduces expected monthly ED attendances for care home residents by 16% (95%CI 5 to 25, p-value<0.001). No significant change was observed in the impact of HealthCall during the post-intervention period.This study finds that the implementation of the HealthCall technology reduces the expected number of monthly emergency department attendances for residents. The technology allows for ongoing monitoring of resident health alongside providing more convenient and timely access to clinical advice that promotes more appropriate and resident-focussed decision leading to fewer unnecessary ED attendances.
1475 Derivation of a tool to predict mortality in a population of frequent attenders to an inner city emergency department
Authors: Stanley Lilian , Dilly Mya , Schulkind Jasmine , Buckland Sally , White Paul , Chandrasakera Raoul 
Published: December 2022

Aims, Objectives and BackgroundThe Royal College of Emergency Medicine defines Frequent Attenders (FA) as anyone who attends the Emergency Department(ED) five or more times per year. This group has a high mortality and is a significant burden on services. The Bristol Royal infirmary (BRI) is a city-centre adult-only ED, where 1.8% of our patients are FAs, with a 5 year mortality rate of 20% in this group. Our aim was to further develop a triage tool used by the BRI High Impact User team, by determining which factors increase mortality in our population.Method and DesignData was collected retrospectively from 250 electronic patient records, randomly selected from 1780 FAs attending in 2016. Six variables were chosen for analysis: current mental health problems(MHP), homelessness, injecting drug use, alcohol misuse, chronic medical problems(CMP) and number of attendances that year. Data on age, gender and 5-year mortality were also recorded. Logistic regression modeling was performed to determine which factors best predicted 5-year mortality.Results and ConclusionUnivariate analysis, found that age and CMPs were the only two variables independently associated with 5-year mortality.FAs attending 10–20 times per year with MHP(n=22) had a higher mortality (31.3%) than those in the >20 attendances group (n=6) where 5-year mortality was 0%. Multivariate analysis suggested different predictors of mortality depending on the presence or absence of MHP. Therefore two different algorithms were derived; both of which had AUROC of over 0.7.This was a small-scale service development using a specific cohort of FAs. Our findings are not generalisable. However they highlight a complex relationship between risk factors, attendance frequency and mortality. We must question whether efforts to reduce ED attendances for FAs risks inadvertently discouraging high risk patients from accessing potentially protective interactions. We hope to encourage other EDs to develop similar tools for their FA populations.