bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intervertebral disc degeneration induced by lumbar instability followed by a maintained standing posture: An in vivo rabbit model
Authors: Chen Can , Zhao Yu , Liu Junning , Niu Susheng , Du Mengfan , Guo Shuang , Chen Yiren , Hu Binhan , Huang Maochang , Lin Jiaqiu , Zhang Yan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a major clinical cause of low back pain. The ideal animal model should induce a degenerative process and morphological properties similar to those that occur in human IVDD. We established an IVDD model by maintaining rabbits in an upright posture after inducing lumbar instability to better simulate human IVDD.
Methods: IVDD was induced in rabbits by severing the supraspinous and interspinous ligaments of the L5-6 and L6-7 segments and maintaining rabbits in an upright position for 12 weeks. After 8 and 12 weeks, X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were analysed. Disc pathological changes at 12 weeks were detected using haematoxylin and eosin staining, safranin-O-fast green staining, and immunohistochemistry.
Results: In the model group, L6-7 and L7-S1 segment disc degeneration was aggravated at 12 weeks. MRI analysis showed that at 12 weeks, the L6-7 and L7-S1 intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus (NP) signal intensity was significantly decreased compared with that of the control group. Compared with the control group, the model group had obvious histomorphological degeneration at 12 weeks, and significantly different histological scores. Model group immunohistochemistry results at 12 weeks showed that the NP type II collagen content was decreased and the type I collagen content was increased.
Conclusions: An animal model of early lumbar disc degeneration was successfully established by maintaining the rabbit lumbar spine in an upright position for an extended period after inducing lumbar instability. This model will be useful for studying the degenerative process of intervertebral discs under mechanical stimulation.
SPINDILOMETER: A novel model describing sleep spindles on EEG signals for polysomnography
Authors: Kayabekir Murat , Yağanoğlu Mete , Kayabekir Murat 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper aims to present a novel model called SPINDILOMETER, which we propose to be integrated into polysomnography (PSG) devices for researchers focused on electrophysiological signals in PSG, physicians, and technicians practicing sleep in clinics, by examining the methods of the sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) signal analysis in recent years. For this purpose, an assist diagnostic model for PSG has been developed that measures the number and density of sleep spindles by analyzing EEG signals in PSG. EEG signals of 72 volunteers, 51 males and 21 females (age; 51.7 ± 3.42 years and body mass index; 37.6 ± 4.21) diagnosed with sleep-disordered breathing by PSG were analyzed by machine learning methods. The number and density of sleep spindles were compared between the classical method (EEG monitoring with the naked eye in PSG) ('EEG in PSG') and the novel model (SPINDILOMETER). A strong positive correlation was found between 'EEG in PSG' and SPINDILOMETER results (correlation coefficient: 0.987), and this correlation was statistically significant (p = 0.000). Confussion matrix (accuracy (94.61%), sensitivity (94.61%), specificity (96.60%)), and ROC analysis (AUC:0.95) were performed to prove the adequacy of SPINDILOMETER (p = 0.000). In coclusion SPINDILOMETER can be included in PSG analysis performed in sleep laboratories. At the same time, this novel model provides diagnostic convenience to the physician in understanding the neurological events associated with sleep spindles and sheds light on research for thalamocortical regions in the fields of neurophysiology and electrophysiology.
Development and validation of a circulating serum-based six- microRNA signature for predicting hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: xie Xiaohua , Chi Xiaobin , Jiang Zhelong , Lv Lizhi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death, and early detection and treatment play an important role in improving prognosis..
Methods: The prediction model establishment and validation were conducted in GSE113740. Herein, we focused on the differentially expressed miRNAs, highly detected miRNAs and accurately diagnostic capability to identify miRNA candidates. Lasso regression, univariate, multivariate logistic analysis was used to construct a novel diagnostic model based on circulating miRNAs, hoslem.test was used to perform goodness of fit tests. The performance of the model was assessed with respect to its area under curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity. Finally, we added AFP to the model and applied AUC and the integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) to compare whether the new model had an improvement in two cohorts.
Results：The diagnostic model characterized by six miRNAs was established in the training set. hoslem.test p-value = 0.997. The AUC of the model in the training set was 0.995 (95%CI: 0.987-0.999), the sensitivity and specificity were 95.98% and 97.22%, respectively. In the validation set, the AUC was 0.977(95%CI: 0.964-0.987), the sensitivity was 94.74%, and the specificity was 93.29%. The new model with AFP showed an improvement in both the training and validation sets.
Conclusions：This study presents a diagnostic model that incorporates six-microRNA signature, which can be used to facilitate the prediction of patients with HCC.
Acid-base engineered strategy of HKUST-1 dopants for high electrical conductivity of single-walled carbon nanotubes films
Authors: Tian Gui-Sen , Xiong Ze-Miao , Wang Jing-Yi , Xia Zhi-Xiang , Fu Ping , Zhang Yun-Fei , Du Fei-Peng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The improvement of electrical conductivity of carbon nanotubes is still a challenge via tuning the carrier concentration and mobility with organic or inorganic dopants due to low doping efficiency. In this paper, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have been doped with Cu3(BTC)2‧(H2O)3 (HKUST-1) as metal organic frameworks via simple mixing and vacumm filtration method. With fine acid or base post-treatment, the crystal structure of HKUST-1 was broken into fragments with more active sites and provided plenty of carriers injecting into SWCNTs. The electrical conductivity of SWCNTs/ HKUST-1 films was increased by almost 2.5 times compared to pristine SWCNTs at room temperature. The defect tuning of dopants on SWCNTs surface is an effective carrier injection strategy, which provides a way to improve the electrical conductivity of SWCNTs.
Modulation on Electronic Doping of Graphene Nanoribbons Using Alkali and Oxygen Atoms Adsorption
Authors: Zhou jiaxu , Wang mopei , Luo jie , Wang weihua , Wang Yuxuan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Adopting the first-principles calculation method based on density functional theory, we investigate the electronic and optical properties of alkali atoms (Li, Na and K) and oxygen (O) atoms adsorption of doped graphene nanoribbons. We further inspected the differential charge density, energy band structure, partial state density, electron energy loss spectrum, as well as the valence electron state of impurity atoms. The results revealed the significant effect of Li, Na and K atoms on the graphene nanoribbons, presenting n-type direct band gap degenerate semiconductors with the band gap values of 0.438eV, 0.529eV and 0.494eV, respectively. An increase in the adsorption of O in turn changed the materials into p-type direct band gap degenerate semiconductors with the band gap values of 0.573eV, 1.011eV and 0.967eV, respectively. Partial charge density demonstrated a charge migration between the atoms, resulting in a certain change in the electronic properties of the materials. Additionally, the hybridization and local effects of the adsorbed atoms and C atoms resulted in the promotion of the electronic properties near the Fermi level to be significantly modulated.
PACS : 73.22.Pr ; 78.20. -e; 81.05.u e
Quercetin enhanced the sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to 5- fluorouracil by induction of autophagy and Drp-1 mediated mitochondrial fission
Authors: Li Mei , Xu Junyu , Fan Jiaoxiu , Hu Min , Zeng Jun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is the main chemotherapeutic agent for colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment, while the emergence of drug resistance or insensitivity hindered the clinical benefit. Thus, it is impending to explore novel effective chemotherapeutic adjuvants to increase patients' survival rate. The anticancer activity of quercetin (Que) has been reported in various of cancer such as lung, gastric, breast and pancreatic cancer. Nevertheless, the underlying anti-cancer molecular mechanism of quercetin against colorectal cancer remains to be investigated.
Methods: MTT assay and colony formation assay were performed to explore the growth inhibition of quercetin alone or combine with 5-FU on colorectal cancer cells. GFP-LC3 and mRFP-GFP-LC3 plasmids were applied to detect autophagy and autophagy flux. Hoechst staining, DCFH-DA, JC-1, Mito-Tracker red were used to evaluate apoptosis, ROS, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and mitochondria fission. The expression of proteins was assessed by western blotting.
Results: The results demonstrated that quercetin inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis and autophagy in CRC cells in vitro. Autophagy blockage enhanced quercetin-induced cytotoxicity, indicating that quercetin induced protective autophagy. Quercetin induced excessive ROS accumulation and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), which were associated with the imbalance of mitochondria dynamic. Quercetin promoted Drp-1 mediated mitochondria fission eventually caused mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death. Moreover, Quercetin synergistically increased the sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil by induction of autophagy and Drp-1 mediated mitochondria fission. Conclusion: Our results revealed that Quercetin induced apoptosis through Drp-l mediated mitochondria fission and promoted autophagy. Furthermore, Quercetin synergistically enhanced the sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells SW480 and HCT116 to 5-FU.
Iatrogenic liver diseases: a new concept, with practices to be condemned
Authors: Elsabaawy Maha , Alhaddad Omkosoum 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
After years and years of practicing hepatology, one can had a panoramic view analysing objectively the performance of hepatologists and the most common misjudges which might lead to a more catastrophic insults to an already diseased liver. Iatrogenic liver insults in patients with liver diseases (either acute or chronic) extends extremely beyond what is known as drug induced liver injury. Lack of nutritional instructions according to the disease category, the incorrectly recommended hypomobility, and lack of screening of hepatocellular carcinoma, oesophageal varices, sarcopenia, and minimal hepatic encephalopathy, diabetes mellitus, added to fibrosis progression and cirrhosis decompensation, are all considered as an aggressive forms of iatrogenic liver diseases (ILD). Additionally, negligence of the bad impacts of obesity on provoking liver cirrhosis morbidities and mortality. The continuous improper use of proton pump inhibitors also represented a major challenge in those patients with a wide diversity of complications. These frequent forms of hepatologists’ malpractice had to be denounced and corrected. “Iatrogenic liver diseases” is a new terminology had to be indorsed deeply in most hepatologists’ ethos on dealing with chronic liver disease patients to alleviate the burden of unintentionally aggravated liver disorders.
Synthetic Agricultural Inputs and Its Impact on Foodgrains and Human Health
Authors:   Dr. M. S. Deshmukh1†, Ghagare Tanaji N. , Nanaware Dada. R. , Vadrale Kavita. S. , Sutar Santosh. S. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to investigate the use of chemical inputs (fertilizer and pesticides) in the agriculture sector and its impact on human health concerning the availability of food grains, the prevalence of under-nourishment people, and non-communicable diseases worldwide. Inadequate food, unhealthy and low-nutrient food are some of the major reasons for decreasing children's and adults' health wellness. The use of fertilisers can increase crop output and yields but also create environmental pollution. Worldwide, use of chemical fertilizer has increased from 137.18 million tonnes in 2001 to 200.57 million tonnes in 2020. Pesticide elements control and protect plants against visible and invisible pests, which can negatively impact biodiversity and farmers' and/or workers' health, excessive use of pesticides indirectly affects food, and food becomes poisonous. This study found that, in 2020 worldwide, the share of use of insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, bactericides, and other pesticides in total pesticide was found to be 17.57%, 57.28%, 24.8%, and 0.28% respectively. The average growth rate of fertilizer use (1.88%) was higher than pesticides use (1.68%) in the agriculture sector worldwide. The per capita net availability of food grain was 347.10 kg per annum and 0.95 kg per day in the world during 2001. The food grain per capita availability is 394.58 kg per annum and 1.08 kg per day in 2020. Worldwide, under-nourished people declined from 13.1% (815.7 million) in 2001 to 9.8% (767.9 million) in 2021, which indicates that one (1) in every nine (9) people still has insufficient food to survive an active and healthy life. Interestingly, this study came to the conclusion that the use of chemical inputs in agriculture has increased per capita net availability of foodgrain, and as a result, the number of undernourished individuals has decreased. On the contrary, the rate of non-communicable diseases and utilization of chemical inputs in agriculture is constantly increasing in the world during the study period.
Assessment of physico-chemical diversity of Phyllanthus emblica L. fruits collected from different populations of North-East region of India, a part of Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot
Authors: Rozar K. Pung , Kumar Suresh , Sharma Rajnish , Hegde Nagaraj , Kumar Kewat Sanjay , Kumari Neena 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Fruits of Phyllanthus emblica L. are mostly collected from the wild in North-East Region (NER), India. For the present study, Aonla fruits were collected from twenty populations from Meghalaya, Mizoram and Tripura states of NER. Different physical [fruit length (mm), fruit diameter (mm), fruit weight (g), pulp weight (g), dry matter content (g), TSS (°Brix), titratable acidity (%), ascorbic acid (mg/100g), total sugar (%), protein (%) and phenol (mg GAE mg/100g)] and important mineral found in the fruits like Ca (mg/100g), Mg (mg/100g), Fe (mg mg/100g), K (%) and P (%) were estimated. Significant variation (P ≤ 0.05) in physical and chemical characteristics of fruits was recorded. Fruit length varied from 15.38 mm to 21.11 mm, fruit diameter from 16.54 mm to 23.56 mm, fruit weight from 3.28 g to 8.29 g, fruit pulp weight from 2.86 g to 7.53 g and fruit dry matter content from 16.61–20.39%. Significant variability (P ≤ 0.05) was also observed for TSS (7.69–14.12 °Brix), titratable acidity (2.12–3.81%), ascorbic acid (375.5–1255.8 mg/100g), total sugars (5.73–10.94%), protein (2.90% − 5.34%) and phenol (1443.6–3809.6 mg GAE mg/100g). Similarly, significant variation was observed for mineral content of the aonla fruits among different populations. Further, we studied the correlation between physico-chemical characters with elevation, latitude and longitude and among these chemical characters of the fruits. The results obtained in the present study provide new insights about the nutritional value of the P. emblica naturally growing in the Indo-Burma hotspot region of India.
Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Lime Treatment on the Soil Water Characteristics Curve of Expansive Soils
Authors: Seid Muna Mohammed , Azmatch Tezera Firew 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The engineering behavior of natural untreated and compacted lime-treated expansive soils, which typically exist in a state of unsaturated condition, can be better-explained using concepts from unsaturated soil mechanics. The soil water characteristics curve (SWCC) is the key unsaturated soil property for obtaining unsaturated soil property functions (USPFs). However, there are limited studies on the effect of lime on the SWCC of lime-treated expansive soils. This study investigated the effect of lime on the SWCC of lime-treated expansive soils. The drying portion of SWCCs for untreated natural soil and lime - treated soil samples with three different lime contents (3%, 6% and 9%) with 7 days of curing were studied. The SWCCs were determined by using pressure plate apparatus in the suction range of 0–1400 kPa. The shrinkage curve (SC) was also determined to evaluate the change in volume of the different soil samples. The experimental results indicate that SWCC is affected by lime treatment and there is a change in the SWCC parameters and in the shape and position of SWCC as the percentage of lime is changed. The SWCC of the lime-treated soil samples show a higher rate of desaturation as the lime content increases. The Air Entry Value (AEV) and residual water content of lime-treated soil decreases with increase in percentage of lime and the SWCC shifts towards the left side as the AEV decreases. The differences in AEV obtained from gravimetric water content based SWCC (w-SWCC) and degree of saturation-based SWCC (S-SWCC) for the lime-treated soil samples are small when compared to the untreated natural soil sample.
Evaluation on the Large Scale Glycerol Production from Used Cooking Oil using SuperPro Designer Simulator
Authors: Pean Bubpha , Rashid Roslina , Zakaria Zainul Akmar , Alam Muhd Nazrul Hisham Zainal 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Increasing demand in the Asia-Pacific region, particularly from China, India, and Southeast Asia, as well as new uses for the product such as a humectant in cosmetics and other personal care products, and advances in related technologies, have contributed to a thriving worldwide glycerol industry. Regarding this, glycerol manufacturing performance using SuperPro Designer® Simulator was studied. Enzymatic hydrolysis method was selected for glycerol manufacturing where waste cooking palm oil (PWCO) and waste cooking sunflower oil (SWCO) were used as feedstock. In this study, block flow diagram (BFD) and process flow diagram (PFD) for glycerol manufacturing were synthesized and economic potential of the production was evaluated. The operating conditions for the enzymatic hydrolysis process were carried out at pH of 5.5, temperature of 35.3 and 40℃, agitation speed of 300 rpm, input flow rate of 1000 kg/batch and reaction time of 2 hours. According to the simulation results, the glycerol yield from PWCO was higher than SWCO which were 95.71 kg/batch or 110,116.48 kg/year and 1.89 kg/batch or 2,179.27 kg/year, respectively. However, when the reactor temperature was changed from 35.3°C to 40°C, there were no changes in glycerol yield from either feedstock. For economical evaluation it was found that the capital investment for the glycerol production when using PWCO was lower compared to SWCO which were 8,962,000 USD and 37,900,000 USD, respectively. In addition, for glycerol production of 100 metric tonnes per year, using PWCO as the feedstock results in a lower operating cost of 1,212,000 USD per year when compared to SWCO, which has an operating cost of 17,525,000 USD.
Clustering Methods Over the Tropically Convex Sets
Authors: Barnhill David , Yoshida Ruriko 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this paper we propose clustering methods for use on data defined as tropically convex. Our approach is similar to clustering methods in Euclidean space where we identify groupings of similar observations using tropical analogues of K-means and hierarchical clustering in Euclidean space. We provide results from computational experiments on generic simulated data as well as an application to phylogeny using ultrametrics showing the efficacy of these methods.
Incomplete Multi-View Clustering with A Dual Fusion Strategy
Authors: Kan YaoZu , Lu Gui-Fu , Ji Guangyan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Incomplete multi-view clustering (IMVC) methods have attracted extensive attention in the field of data mining and pattern recognition due to their superior performance in processing incomplete multi-view data (IMVD). However, the existing IMVC methods can only obtain one consensus matrix by using only one fusion strategy, i.e., fusing the raw IMVD information, and then use k-means or spectral clustering to obtain final results. Although these methods achieve good performance, these algorithms have the following limitations. First, only one consensus matrix may not fully express the information of the IMVD. Second, the obtained consensus matrix may contain noise. Therefore, we propose an innovative method, i.e., incomplete multi-view clustering with a dual fusion strategy (IMVC/DFS) in this paper. In the first fuse process, IMVC/DFS considers how to fuse the raw IMVD information. Specifically, IMVC/DFS first converts the feature matrices into similarity graph matrices and uses an adaptive graph completion strategy to complete missing data. Different from the existing algorithms, IMVC/DFS does not obtain only one consensus matrix, but selects multiple parameters and uses tensor low-rank constraint and consensus representation term to obtain multiple consensus matrices. In the second fuse process, IMVC/DFS considers how to fuse the information contained in the different consensus matrices. Then, motivated by the self-expressiveness property of data, IMVC/DFS further obtain the self-representation matrices of all the consensus matrices and remove noise simultaneously. Finally, we fuse the self-representation matrices for clustering, which is the second fusion. According to our knowledge, IMVC/DFS is the first dual fusion method to solve the IMVC problem. We exploit Augmented Lagrange Multiplier (ALM) method to deal with IMVC/DFS, and the experimental results are very promising and fully demonstrate the validity and superiority of IMVC/DFS.
Characterization of Weyl functions in the class of regular generalized Nevanlinna functions
Authors: Borogovac Muhamed 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We give necessary and sufficient conditions for a regular generalized Nevanlinna function $Q$ ($Q\in N_{\kappa }\left( \mathcal{H} \right)$) to be a Weyl (a.k.a. Weyl-Titchmarch) function. We also study an important subclass of $N_{\kappa }(\mathcal{H})$, the functions that have a boundedly invertible derivative at infinity $Q'\left( \infty \right):=\lim \limits_{z \to \infty}{zQ(z)}$. Those functions are regular and have the operator representation $Q\left( z \right)=\tilde{\Gamma}^{+}\left( A-z \right)^{-1}\tilde{\Gamma} ,z\in \rho \left( A \right)$, where $A$ is a bounded self-adjoint operator in a Pontryagin space $\mathcal{K}$. We prove that every strict such function $Q$ is a Weyl function associated with the symmetric operator $S:=A_{\vert (I-P)\mathcal{K}}$, where $P$ is the orthogonal projection, $P:=\tilde{\Gamma} \left( \tilde{\Gamma}^{+} \tilde{\Gamma} \right)^{-1} \tilde{\Gamma}^{+} $. We also give relation matrices of the adjoint relation $S^{+}$ and of $\hat{A}$, where $\hat{A}$ is the representing relation of $\hat{Q}:=-Q^{-1}$.
We apply our results in examples, where we start from a given function $Q\in N_{\kappa }\left( \mathcal{H} \right)$ and then we find the closed symmetric linear relation $S$ and the boundary triple $\Pi$ so that $Q$ is the Weyl function associated with $\Pi$.
MSC (2020) 34B20 47B50 47A06 47A56