bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TurboID reveals the proxiomes ofChlamydomonasproteins involved in thylakoid biogenesis and stress response
Authors: Kreis Elena , König Katharina , Misir Melissa , Niemeyer Justus , Sommer Frederik , Schroda Michael 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn Chlamydomonas (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii), the VESICLE-INDUCING PROTEIN IN PLASTIDS 1 and 2 (VIPP1 and VIPP2) play roles in the sensing and coping with membrane stress and in thylakoid membrane biogenesis. To gain more insight into these processes, we aimed to identify proteins interacting with VIPP1/2 in the chloroplast and chose proximity labeling (PL) for this purpose. We used the transient interaction between the nucleotide exchange factor CHLOROPLAST GRPE HOMOLOG 1 (CGE1) and the stromal HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN 70B (HSP70B) as test system. While PL with APEX2 and BioID proved to be inefficient, TurboID resulted in substantial biotinylation in vivo. TurboID-mediated PL with VIPP1/2 as baits under ambient and H2O2 stress conditions confirmed known interactions of VIPP1 with VIPP2, HSP70B, and the CHLOROPLAST DNAJ HOMOLOG 2 (CDJ2). Proteins identified in the VIPP1/2 proxiomes can be grouped into proteins involved in the biogenesis of thylakoid membrane complexes and the regulation of photosynthetic electron transport, including PROTON GRADIENT REGULATION 5-LIKE 1 (PGRL1). A third group comprises 11 proteins of unknown function whose genes are upregulated under chloroplast stress conditions. We named them VIPP PROXIMITY LABELING (VPL). In reciprocal experiments, we confirmed VIPP1 in the proxiomes of VPL2 and PGRL1. Our results demonstrate the robustness of TurboID-mediated PL for studying protein interaction networks in the chloroplast of Chlamydomonas and pave the way for analyzing functions of VIPPs in thylakoid biogenesis and stress responses.
Melatonin promotes Al3+ compartmentalization via H+ transport and ion gradients inMalus hupehensis
Authors: Wang Caihong , Bian Chuanjie , Li Jianyu , Han Lei , Guo Dianming , Wang Tianchao , Sun Zhijuan , Ma Changqing , Liu Xiaoli , Tian Yike , Zheng Xiaodong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSoil acidification in apple (Malus domestica) orchards results in the release of rhizotoxic aluminum ions (Al3+) into soil. Melatonin (MT) participates in plant responses to abiotic stress; however, its role in AlCl3 stress in apple remains unknown. In this study, root application of MT (1 μM) substantially alleviated AlCl3 stress (300 μM) in Pingyi Tiancha (Malus hupehensis), which was reflected by higher fresh and dry weight, increased photosynthetic capacity, and longer and more roots compared with plants that did not receive MT treatment. MT functioned mainly by regulating vacuolar H+/Al3+ exchange and maintaining H+ homeostasis in the cytoplasm under AlCl3 stress. Transcriptome deep sequencing analysis identified the transcription factor gene SENSITIVE TO PROTON RHIZOTOXICITY 1 (MdSTOP1) was induced by both AlCl3 and MT treatments. Overexpressing MdSTOP1 in apple increased AlCl3 tolerance by enhancing vacuolar H+/Al3+ exchange and H+ efflux to the apoplast. We identified 2 transporter genes, ALUMINUM SENSITIVE 3 (MdALS3) and SODIUM HYDROGEN EXCHANGER 2 (MdNHX2), as downstream targets of MdSTOP1. MdSTOP1 interacted with the transcription factor NAM ATAF and CUC 2 (MdNAC2) to induce MdALS3 expression, which reduced Al toxicity by transferring Al3+ from the cytoplasm to the vacuole. Furthermore, MdSTOP1 and MdNAC2 coregulated MdNHX2 expression to increase H+ efflux from the vacuole to the cytoplasm to promote Al3+ compartmentalization and maintain cation balance in the vacuole. Taken together, our findings reveal an MT-STOP1 + NAC2-NHX2/ALS3-vacuolar H+/Al3+ exchange model for the alleviation of AlCl3 stress in apple, laying a foundation for practical applications of MT in agriculture.
Cyclin D3 deficiency promotes a slower, more oxidative skeletal muscle phenotype and ameliorates pathophysiology in the mdx mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Bonato Agnese , Raparelli Giada , Luvisetto Siro , Forconi Flavia , Cosentino Marianna , Tirone Felice , Rizzuto Emanuele , Caruso Maurizia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe previously reported that cyclin D3‐null mice display a shift toward the slow, oxidative phenotype in skeletal muscle, improved exercise endurance, and increased energy expenditure. Here, we explored the role of cyclin D3 in the physiologic response of skeletal muscle to external stimuli and in a model of muscle degenerative disease. We show that cyclin D3‐null mice exhibit a further transition from glycolytic to oxidative muscle fiber type in response to voluntary exercise and an improved response to fasting. Since fast glycolytic fibers are known to be more susceptible to degeneration in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), we examined the effects of cyclin D3 inactivation on skeletal muscle phenotype in the mdx mouse model of DMD. Compared with control mdx mice, cyclin D3‐deficient mdx mice display a higher proportion of slower and more oxidative myofibers, reduced muscle degenerative/regenerative processes, and reduced myofiber size variability, indicating an attenuation of dystrophic histopathology. Furthermore, mdx muscles lacking cyclin D3 exhibit reduced fatigability during repeated electrical stimulations. Notably, cyclin D3‐null mdx mice show enhanced performance during recurrent trials of endurance treadmill exercise, and post‐exercise muscle damage results decreased while the regenerative capacity is boosted. In addition, muscles from exercised cyclin D3‐deficient mdx mice display increased oxidative capacity and increased mRNA expression of genes involved in the regulation of oxidative metabolism and the response to oxidative stress. Altogether, our findings indicate that depletion of cyclin D3 confers benefits to dystrophic muscle, suggesting that cyclin D3 inhibition may represent a promising therapeutic strategy against DMD.
Comparison of Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation With High-Flow Nasal Cannula, Face-Mask, and Helmet in Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure in Patients With COVID-19: A Randomized Controlled Trial*
Authors: Al Hashim Abdul Hakeem , Al Reesi Abdullah , Al Lawati Nabil M. , Burad Jyoti , Al Khabori Murtadha , Chandwani Juhi , Al Lawati Redha , Al Masroori Yahya , Al Balushi Abdul Aziz , Al Masroori Salim , Al Siyabi Khalsa , Al Lawati Fatema , Ahmed Faroug Yousif Nimer , Al Busaidy Merah , Al Huraizi Aisha , Al Jufaili Mahmood , Al Zaabi Jalila , Varghese Jerin Treesa , Al Harthi Ruqaya , Sebastian Kingsly Prabhakaran , Al Abri Fahad Hamed , Al Aghbari Jamal , Al Mubaihsi Saif , Al Lawati Adil , Al Busaidi Mujahid , Foti Giuseppe 
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVES:
For COVID-19-related respiratory failure, noninvasive respiratory assistance via a high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC), helmet, and face-mask noninvasive ventilation is used. However, which of these options is most effective is yet to be determined. This study aimed to compare the three techniques of noninvasive respiratory support and to determine the superior technique.

DESIGN:
A randomized control trial with permuted block randomization of nine cases per block for each parallel, open-labeled arm.

SETTING AND PATIENTS:
Adult patients with COVID-19 with a Pao
2/Fio
2 ratio of less than 300, admitted between February 4, 2021, and August 9, 2021, to three tertiary centers in Oman, were studied.

INTERVENTIONS:
This study included three interventions: HFNC (n = 47), helmet continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP; n = 52), and face-mask CPAP (n = 52).

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
The endotracheal intubation rate and mortality at 28 and 90 days were measured as the primary and secondary outcomes, respectively. Of the 159 randomized patients, 151 were analyzed. The median age was 52 years, and 74% were men. The endotracheal intubation rates were 44%, 45%, and 46% (p = 0.99), and the median intubation times were 7.0, 5.5, and 4.5 days (p = 0.11) in the HFNC, face-mask CPAP, and helmet CPAP, respectively. In comparison to face-mask CPAP, the relative risk of intubation was 0.97 (95% CI, 0.63–1.49) for HFNC and 1.0 (95% CI 0.66–1.51) for helmet CPAP. The mortality rates were 23%, 32%, and 38% at 28 days (p = 0.24) and 43%, 38%, and 40% (p = 0.89) at 90 days for HFNC, face-mask CPAP, and helmet CPAP, respectively. The trial was stopped prematurely because of a decline in cases.

CONCLUSIONS:
This exploratory trial found no difference in intubation rate and mortality among the three intervention groups for the COVID-19 patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure; however, more evidence is needed to confirm these findings as the trial was aborted prematurely.
Planned Out-of-Hospital Birth as a Risk Factor for Nonreceipt of Hepatitis B Immunization
Authors: Higgins David M. , Haynes Allison L. , Jensen Julia C. , O’Leary Sean T. , Moss Angela , Calonge Ned 
Published: June 2023

Background:
The hepatitis B vaccine (HBV) is recommended at birth to prevent perinatal hepatitis B transmission; however, many newborns still do not receive HBV. The extent to which planned out-of-hospital births, which have increased over the past decade, are associated with nonreceipt of the HBV birth dose is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a planned out-of-hospital birth location is associated with the nonreceipt of the HBV birth dose.

Methods:
We performed a retrospective cohort study of all births from 2007 to 2019 recorded in the Colorado birth registry. χ
2 analyses were used to compare maternal demographics by birth location. Univariate and multiple logistic regression were used to evaluate the association of birth location with nonreceipt of the HBV birth dose.

Results:
In total 1.5% of neonates born in freestanding birth centers and 0.1% of neonates born at a planned home birth received HBV compared to 76.3% of neonates born in a hospital location. After adjusting for confounders, this translated to a large increase in the odds of not receiving HBV compared to in-hospital births [freestanding birth center (aodds ratio (aOR): 172.98, 95% confidence interval (CI): 136.98–219.88); planned home birth (aOR: 502.05, 95% CI: 363.04–694.29)]. Additionally, older maternal age, White/non-Hispanic race and ethnicity, higher income, and private or no insurance were associated with nonreceipt of the HBV birth dose.

Conclusions:
Planned out-of-hospital birth is a risk factor for nonreceipt of the HBV birth dose. As births in these locations become more common, targeted policies and education are warranted.
Incidence and Risk Factors for Antibiotic-associated Diarrhea Among Hospitalized Children
Authors: Kaya Gülay , Usta Deniz , Sag Elif , Aydin ZG Gayretli , Buruk Celal Kurtulus , Ozkaya Esra , Aydin Faruk , Cakir Murat 
Published: June 2023

Background:
We aimed to evaluate the incidence, clinical findings, and risk factors of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) in hospitalized children without known comorbid diseases.

Methods:
All hospitalized children during the 1-year period that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included in this study (n = 358). AAD was defined as; ≥2 loose or watery stools per day for a minimum of 24 hours during antibiotic treatment caused by Clostridioides difficile or negative stool tests for identifiable infectious agents.

Results:
During hospitalization, diarrhea developed in 32 (8.93%) of the 358 patients. C. difficile toxin B was positive for 1 case. No infectious agents were detected in 21 patients. Overall, AAD was observed in 22 patients (6.14%, 95% CI: 4.09–9.13). Male sex (P = 0.027, OR: 3.36), age between 1 month and <3 years (P = 0.01, OR: 4.23), ibuprofen use (P = 0.044, OR: 2.63) and late administration of antibiotics (P = 0.001, OR: 9.5) were associated with the development of AAD.

Conclusions:
The incidence of AAD is low among hospitalized children without comorbid diseases, and most diarrheal episodes are mild and self-limiting. The use of probiotics in this patient group may be limited to certain specific situations.
Association between physiotherapy utilization and medical healthcare utilization and costs in adults with back pain from Ontario, Canada: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Lu Mindy , Wong Jessica J. , Côté Pierre , Watson Tristan , Rosella Laura C 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study examined the association between physiotherapy utilization and subsequent medical healthcare utilization and costs in a population-based sample of adults with back pain in Ontario. We conducted a population-based cohort study of Ontario respondents with back pain (≥18 years) of the Canadian Community Health Survey 2003 to 2010 cycles, linked to health administrative data up to 2018. Physiotherapy utilization was defined as self-reported consultation with a physiotherapist in the past 12 months. A propensity score–matched cohort was conducted to match adults with and without physiotherapy utilization, accounting for potential confounders. We assessed associations using negative-binomial and linear (log-transformed) regression to evaluate outcomes of healthcare utilization (back pain–specific and all-cause) and costs, respectively, at 1- and 5-year follow-up. There were 4343 pairs of matched respondents. Compared with those who did not receive physiotherapy, adults who received physiotherapy were more likely to have back pain–specific physician visits (RRwomen (5years) = 1.48, 95% CI 1.24-1.75; RRmen (5years) = 1.42, 95% CI 1.10-1.84). Women who received physiotherapy had 1.11 times the rate of all-cause physician visits (RR1year = 1.11, 95% CI 1.02-1.20), and men who received physiotherapy had 0.84 times the rate of all-cause hospitalizations (RR5years = 0.84, 95% CI 0.71-0.99) than those who did not. There was no association between physiotherapy utilization and healthcare costs. Adults with back pain who received physiotherapy are more likely to have back pain–specific physician visits up to 5-year follow-up than those who did not. Physiotherapy utilization is linked to some sex-based differences in all-cause healthcare utilization but not differences in costs. Findings inform interprofessional collaboration and allied healthcare delivery for back pain in Ontario.
Silica Exposure and Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Respiratory Morbidity in a Cohort of Male Swedish Iron Foundry Workers
Authors: Andersson Lena , Hedbrant Alexander , Bryngelsson Ing-Liss , Vihlborg Per , Särndahl Eva , Westberg Håkan 
Published: June 2023

Objective
We present quantitative exposure-response data on silica exposure in male Swedish iron foundry workers for cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and respiratory morbidity.

Methods
This research is a cohort study of 2063 male Swedish iron foundry workers. From the Swedish National Patient Registers, data on morbidity incidence were retrieved. A historical measurement database of 1667 respirable silica exposure measurements from 10 Swedish iron foundries was used to calculate the cumulative exposure dose for each worker.

Results
Increased morbidity risk for the whole group of foundry workers was determined for ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchitis, and pneumonia. In addition, an increased risk for COPD at cumulative silica exposures ranging from 0.11 to 0.84 mg/m3 year is presented.

Conclusions
The study presents a significantly increased COPD risk at cumulative silica exposures below the Swedish occupational exposure limit.
A Comparison of the Impact of COVID-19–Related Restrictions on Physical Activity Among Public Employees
Authors: Maier Philipp , Morath Oliver , Barsch Friedrich , Krumnau Oliver , Steinmann Daniel , Deibert Peter 
Published: June 2023

Objectives
This article compares the impact of COVID-19–related restrictions on the level of physical activity, performed by public servants, in April and November 2020.

Methods
The survey examined the amount (in minutes per week) and the energy expenditure (in metabolic equivalent of task in minutes per week [METmin/week]) of physical activity for both before and during contact restrictions in April and November 2020, respectively.

Results
Especially for sports activity difference was determined by the medians before (April/November: median [Mdn] = 180.0 min/wk) and during (April: Mdn = 130 minutes, November: Mdn = 60 min/wk) restrictions (P < 0.05).
Also for energy consumption (METmin/wk), the medians before and during the contact restrictions declined for both periods.

Conclusions
Measures against the coronavirus have led to a reduction in activity levels among public employees, regardless of their work environment. The decrease in participation in sport activities seemed to be even more noticeable within the second restriction period.
Recent Training Trends in Independent Plastic Surgery Graduates
Authors: Lee Clara J. , Azimi Roxana , Willey Brea , Gosman Amanda , Reid Chris M. 
Published: June 2023

Background
Among independent plastic surgery graduates, most have general surgery training, but the utility of American Board of Surgery (ABS) certification in plastic surgery practice is unclear. We elucidated attitudes and trends of ABS certification in American Board of Plastic Surgery diplomates.

Methods
American Board of Plastic Surgery diplomates from 2018 to 2020 were reviewed to identify independent plastic surgery graduates. These graduates were anonymously surveyed regarding demographics, employment, fellowships, practices, and attitudes toward ABS certification.

Results
Of 568 American Board of Plastic Surgery diplomates, 223 independent graduates (39%) were identified. Sixty-eight percent of these graduates were ABS certified, 80% of whom achieved certification during the beginning of plastic and reconstructive surgery training; 41% were fellowship trained. About half are in private practice, 25% are part of a hospital group, and 17% work in universities. Of 223 independent graduates, 54 (24.4%) completed the survey; 85.2% reported ABS certification, and 21.7% perform general surgery procedures. Most stated that general surgery training was valuable to their career, regardless of certification. Most agreed that ABS certification benefited their career; 63% plan to recertify. Of those surveyed, 59.3% had completed a plastic surgery fellowship. Non–fellowship-trained surgeons felt more strongly that ABS certification was beneficial (P = 0.014) and valued by patients (P = 0.026) compared with fellowship-trained surgeons.

Conclusions
American Board of Surgery certification is a priority to independent plastic surgery trainees, despite potential disruption to training, personal costs, and unclear utility to their practice. Although few perform general surgery procedures, most plan to recertify. Future studies should investigate recertification among surgeons later in their careers and the impacts of dual board certification on plastic surgery practice.
The Geographical Impact of Plastic Surgery Residency to Fellowship and Residency/Fellowship to First Job Placement
Authors: Maheta Bhagvat , Eggert Gina R. , Thawanyarat Kometh , Patel Ashraf A. , Sheckter Clifford C. , Nazerali Rahim 
Published: June 2023

Introduction
The location of trainees' plastic surgery residency or fellowship has implications on their subsequent careers, which can inform future trainees and faculty decisions, and may affect access to care nationwide. This study explores historic geographic trends of the location where trainees complete residency or fellowship and where they pursue a fellowship program or first job.

Methods
Graduates from US integrated plastic surgery residency or fellowship programs from 2015 to 2021 were identified along with their proximity to fellowship or first job. Location was categorized based on whether the graduate's fellowship/first job location to residency/fellowship was within 100 miles, the same state, the same geographic region, the United States, or international. A χ2 value was calculated to determine the significance of relative geographical location after training.

Results
Three hundred sixty-five graduates that attended fellowship were included, representing 76.5% (65/85) of integrated plastic surgery residency programs. There were 47.7% (n = 174) that stayed within the same geographic region and 3.6% (n = 13) pursued training internationally. The location of the residency or fellowship program appears to have an influence on the location of the graduate's fellowship or first job.

Conclusion
Graduates who completed integrated residency or fellowship in a certain geographic location were more likely to stay in that area for their fellowship or first job. This may be explained by graduates continuing training with their original program, the established network, and personal factors such as family and friends.
Repair of Finger Pulp Defect and Sensory Reconstruction Using Reverse Homodigital Artery Island Flap With Palmar Cutaneous Branches of the Proper Digital Nerve
Authors: Wang Shuang , Yuan Chaoqun , Ding Wenqiang , Shen Haobo , Gu Jiaxiang 
Published: June 2023

Objective
To illustrate the clinical outcomes of the reverse digital proper artery island flap with anastomosing the palmar cutaneous branches of the proper digital nerve for the reconstruction of finger pulp defects.

Methods
From December 2007 to December 2017, a total of 20 patients with finger pulp defects were treated with reverse digital proper artery island flap for innervated construction. Functional outcomes, aesthetic appearance, and complications were evaluated. Functional outcomes were assessed according to range of motion, sensory grade (S0–S4), static 2-point discrimination, Semmes-Weinstein monofilament test, and Cold Intolerance Severity Score. Aesthetic appearance was evaluated according to the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire.

Results
All flaps survived completely without any complications, and all patients were followed up for at least 12 months. The average static 2-point discrimination, Semmes-Weinstein monofilament, and Cold Intolerance Severity Score results of the injured fingers were 6.35 mm (range, 5–8 mm), 3.64 (range, 2.83–4.17), and 19 (range, 8–24), respectively. All patients achieved recovery in sensation from S3+ to S4. The active ranges of motion of the metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal, and distal interphalangeal joints of the affected fingers were satisfactory. Based on the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire, 11 patients were strongly satisfied, and 9 were satisfied with the appearance of the injured finger.

Conclusions
The reverse digital proper artery island flap with anastomosing the palmar cutaneous branches of the proper digital nerve is an effective and reliable alternative for the reconstruction of finger pulp defect. In the recovery of sensation, this flap leads to satisfactory effects.
Gene regulatory programs in the life history ofSalpingoeca rosetta
Authors: Fumagalli Maria Rita , Zapperi Stefano , La Porta Caterina AM 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTThe choanoflagellateSalpingoeca rosettacan differentiate into at least five morphologically and behaviorally distinct cell types during its lifetime, going from individual motile cells to linear and rosette-shaped colonies. Due to the capability to form colonies and its close relationship with Metazoa, this organism is considered a model for studying multicellular evolution. The gene regulatory programs underlying these transformations are, however, unknown. Here we analyze transcriptomic data obtained fromSalpingoeca rosettain different states to identify a core of genes associated with the formation of multicellular colonies. We then compare the results with other organisms which display simple forms of multicellularity, highlighting commonalities and differences.