bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Granulomatous rosacea in Chinese patients: Clinical‐histopathological analysis and pathogenesis exploration
Authors: Jiang Yumeng , Huang Yingxue , Ma Guangrong , Liu Tangxiele , Li Qianwen , Wu Haijing , Li Ji 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe pathogenesis of granulomatous rosacea (GR), the only variant of rosacea, is unclear. To investigate the differences between GR and non‐granulomatous rosacea (NGR) in clinical characteristics, histopathological changes and gene expression for the purpose of providing new ideas on the pathogenesis of rosacea. A total of 30 GR and 60 NGR patients were included. Their clinical and histopathological information was collected retrospectively, and the characteristics of immune cell infiltration were investigated by multiple immunohistochemical staining. RNA sequencing and transcriptome analysis were performed on three pairs of skin samples from GR and NGR patients, respectively. Then, the expressions of candidate genes that were potentially associated with granuloma formation were verified by immunohistochemical staining. It was found that GR patients were more prone to the occurrence of rosacea in the forehead, periocular and perioral skin (p = 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.001), and presented more severe papules and pustules when compared with NGR patients (p = 0.032). For histopathological features, the inflammatory cells primarily infiltrated around hair follicles in the GR group and around blood vessels in the NGR group. In addition, the neutrophils were richer (p = 0.036) and the expression levels of CD4+, CD8+ and CD68+ cells were higher (p = 0.047, p < 0.001, p < 0.001) in the GR group than in the NGR group. In addition, the GR group had apparent collagen hyperplasia (p = 0.026). A total of 420 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected, and bioinformatics analysis showed that the DEGs were enriched in neutrophil activation, adaptive immune response and other biological processes. Lastly, the candidate genes related to neutrophil activation and collagen hyperplasia, i.e., Cathepsin S (CTSS), Cathepsin Z (CTSZ) and matrix metalloproteinases 9 (MMP9), were confirmed to be highly expressed in the GR group. The clinical and histopathological features of GR exhibited a very diverse pattern compared with NGR, and the underlying mechanisms may be related to neutrophil activation and collagen hyperplasia.
Socially enacted ethics: The inner life of an ethical advisory board
Authors: Virtanen Mikko J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis article addresses the need to grasp the actual processing of health ethical issues in ethics organisations by analysing the work of the Finnish National Advisory Board on Social Welfare and Health Care Ethics (ETENE). ETENE's ethics is approached ethigraphically: the advisory board enacts ethics in its social life, through its own norms and values. It is asked how this internal ethics is performed in the board practice and how ethical debate eventually becomes bounded in this practice. Based on the analysis of the board members' textual reflections and on‐site observations of board meetings, ETENE's ethics appears as a tandem of a particular discussion culture and multi‐perspectivity: mutual recognition and respect among board members are nurtured in the meetings, and a tactful mode of reflection is established throughout all terms of office. This shared discussion culture enables ETENE's forte—weighing multiple perspectives—by preventing asymmetries and avoiding merely technical decision‐making procedures. Consequently, ETENE's ethics is not threatened by being externally bounded and formalised but is at risk of watering down endogenously, through the notable tactfulness of its discussion mode, which threatens to attenuate both substantial debate and the social shaping of board members' values in the discussion.
The Influence of Informality in a Local Agri‐food Supply Chain in Brazil
Authors: Assis Michel T. Q. M. , Tümpel Markus , Lucas Maria Raquel , Rainho Maria José M. 
Published: April 2023

SummaryDuring qualitative research on trust, conducted in a mariculture chain in southern Brazil, the theme of informality emerged spontaneously in most interviews. Although it is difficult to measure, some data and estimates point out that informality is still quite present worldwide, but especially in emerging and developing countries, and this situation was confirmed in the studied supply chain. In analysing the narratives, we noticed that this is a chronic issue which bothers the producers that are properly formalised mainly because of unfair competition, and hinders the organisation of the chain. Some factors foster the persistence of informality, such as family labour and temporary jobs, the low educational level of entrepreneurs, lack of adequate supervision and cultural aspects of producers and their families. We could corroborate the perspectives of modernisation (informality is still persistent), neo‐liberal (informal entrepreneurs reject the bureaucracy of an over‐regulated market) and post‐structuralist (informality is a way of life related to identity, social position and/or resistance against the formal structure) theories. Our research has shown us that the situation found is contributing to a reduction in the number of formal producers and impairing the development of that local supply chain, as well as its sustainability.
Getting to what works: How frontline HRM relationality facilitates high‐performance work practice implementation
Authors: Krachler Nick 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe lack of an efficient support system for people with multiple, long‐term health conditions has increased costs, worsened health outcomes, and prompted policymakers to implement a boundary‐spanning role within healthcare settings. While scholars have demonstrated the benefits of coordination roles and other such high‐performance work practices (HPWPs) in this sector, the actual implementation of these practices is less clear. Based on a comparative case study approach, 153 interviews, and other qualitative data, this article explores frontline managers' HR philosophies and practices (‘frontline HRM relationality’) to explain possible variation in efforts to implement the boundary‐spanning role of care coordinators (CCs). Despite strong policy support for the role, coordination has improved unevenly because of varying degrees of HRM relationality: findings show that higher frontline HRM relationality was associated with lower inter‐occupational professionalization differences and higher boundary‐spanning coordination. The article contributes to a nascent literature on HPWP implementation by theorizing frontline HRM relationality as a continuum that moderates professionalization‐related coordination problems and highlights the importance of frontline HRM relationality for implementing HPWPs in professionalized settings.
Employee‐perceived ‘motivation‐enhancing HRM practices’ and career ambition: Social subjective norms explain workplace deviant behavior
Authors: Ghosh Koustab 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAbility‐motivation‐opportunity (AMO) based human resource management (HRM) practices connote positive organizational outcomes, in general. This study has identified the deviant outcome of motivation‐enhancing HRM practices by delineating how it can lead to an undesirable workplace behavior like unethical pro‐organizational behavior (UPOB) through employees' career ambition. Further, such effects are amplified in the presence of UPOB descriptive and injunctive norms. The hypotheses were tested by using two multi‐wave time‐lagged studies for sales executives working in organizations representing two different industries. Career ambition partially mediated the relationship between motivation‐enhancing HRM practices and UPOB. The conditional indirect effect of motivation‐enhancing HRM practices on UPOB through employees' career ambition was stronger when they perceive high level of descriptive and injunctive norms in the workplace. While the relationship between career ambition and UPOB was strengthened for high descriptive and injunctive norms, it was weakened for low injunctive norms but not for low descriptive norms.
Difference analysis of the structure and functional properties among coix seed prolamin fractions (α‐, β‐, and γ‐coixin)
Authors: Wu Yingmei , Zhou Yan , Xu Longquan , Chen Junjie , Li Haoxin , Zhou Shaoqin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe differences in proteins in structural characteristics are reported to affect their physicochemical and functional properties. In this study, three types of prolamins (γ‐, α‐, and β‐coixin) derived from coix seed separately distributed among fractions 1–3 extracts. They were studied respecting molecular weight, amino acid composition, secondary structure, microstructure, surface hydrophobicity, solubility, water holding capacity, and oil holding capacity. Results showed that the molecular weights of those three fractions were between 10 and 40 kDa. The secondary structure of those fractions was almost the same, mainly based on β‐sheet and irregular structure. The microstructure of α‐ and γ‐coixin presented an irregular shape, whereas β‐coixin presented a regular spherical shape. Those three fractions exhibited species of abundant essential amino acids with the same amino acid composition but different contents. The β‐coixin fraction had the highest content of hydrophobic amino acids (238.39 mg/g) followed by the α‐coixin fraction (235.05 mg/g), whereas the γ‐coixin fraction had the lowest content (33.27 mg/g). The γ‐coixin fraction has the maximum surface hydrophobicity, whereas the β‐coixin fraction has the highest solubility. In addition, the good amphiphilicity of β‐coixin fraction made it possible to be used as a surfactant. The excellent functional properties of the β‐coixin fraction presented in this research would widen the applications of coix seed prolamins.Practical Application
The molecular weights of those three fractions were between 10 and 40 kDa.
The secondary structure was almost the same, mainly based on β‐sheet and irregular structure.
Those three fractions exhibited species of abundant essential amino acids with the same amino acid composition but different contents.
The WHC and OHC of β‐coixin were the best, indicating its potential as a surfactant and forming stable lotion.
Ant diversity in relation to time since fire in a mallee landscape of South‐Eastern Australia
Authors: Staff Madison , Chapple David G. , Andersen Alan N. , Walker Ken , Hinkley Simon , Melville Jane , McLean Claire A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFire is a dominant process shaping the Australian landscape and in many regions the frequency and severity of wildfires are predicted to increase under climate change. The primary impact of fire on fauna is typically indirect through habitat change. In particular, in mesic forests different animal species are favoured at different times since fire as habitat complexity increases with vegetation recovery. However, this will not necessarily be the case in habitats with low complexity such as many of those occurring in arid and semi‐arid regions. Here, we investigate the relationship between fire history and ant diversity and composition in semi‐arid mallee of south‐eastern Australia. We surveyed ants at 11 sites in the Little Desert National Park and nearby private land that last burnt 0.5, 6 or 40 years ago. We found no relationship between time since fire and either ant diversity or composition, and this can be explained by a lack of relationship between time since fire and vegetation cover. Our findings contrast with those for mallee bird species, which show clear successional patterns following fire, but are likely to be typical of ground‐foraging fauna that lack specialized habitat requirements.
Are corals coming to a reef near you? Projected extension of suitable thermal conditions for hard coral communities along the east Australian coast
Authors: Davis Tom R. , Champion Curtis , Dalton Steve , Coleman Melinda A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractClimate change is driving the poleward redistribution of coral species, but the rate and magnitude of future range extensions within temperate regions are rarely quantified. A better understanding of the likely future distribution of corals is needed to anticipate the resulting social, economic and environmental implications. Here, we project the rate and magnitude of extensions of suitable thermal conditions for hard coral communities along the east Australian coastline, using data on coral community presence, in conjunction with historical and projected ocean temperatures. Our projections indicate that temperatures will be suitable for coral communities dominated by the subtropical coral Pocillopora aliciae, currently found off Sydney, to extend their range poleward by 80 (RCP 2.6) to 450 km (RCP 8.5) by 2100, corresponding to a rate of 0.9–5.0 km year−1. Similarly, thermal conditions will be such that diverse coral communities, such as those currently occurring in the Solitary Islands, may extend their range by 130 (RCP 2.6) to 580 km (RCP 8.5) by 2100, at a rate of 1.4–6.4 km year−1. These projections are similar to those forecast for coral species in other parts of the world. Newly establishing coral communities in temperate regions may provide a range of novel local economic opportunities, particularly for marine tourism.
The effects of model age and familiarity on children's reproduction of ritual behaviour
Authors: Wang Chang , Wang Zhidan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRituals are fundamental social acts that structure relationships and enable the filtering of important cognitive attributes (e.g. working memory and inhibitory control) that make humans what they are today. This study investigated the influence of model age and familiarity on the reproduction of ritual behaviour in five‐year‐old children. Through an exploration of these factors, this study sheds light on the cognitive mechanisms children use to comprehend and replicate rituals. Ninety‐eight five‐year‐old children were divided into two groups: an experimental group, which observed an adult or child model, either familiar or unfamiliar to them, demonstrating eight ritual acts; and a control group, which received no video demonstration. The results revealed that children who observed an adult reproduced more ritual acts than those who observed a child, and children who observed unfamiliar models reproduced ritual acts more frequently than those who observed familiar ones. Additionally, when exposed to unfamiliar models, children's reproductive fidelity was higher. These findings suggest that children have the ability to address new adaptation challenges by participating in rituals at an early age and that they generate suitable solutions depending on the model's characteristics. This provides evidence for the adaptive bias in children's cultural learning from a ritual perspective.
Variability in suicidal ideation during treatment for individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis: The importance of repeated assessment
Authors: Wastler Heather M. , Cowan Henry R. , Hamilton Sarah A. , Lundin Nancy B. , Manges Margaret , Moe Aubrey M. , Breitborde Nicholas J. K. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimSuicide risk is elevated among individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR‐P). The current study examined variability in suicidal ideation during treatment for individuals at CHR‐P.MethodsA retrospective chart review was used to examine the course of suicidal ideation during 16 sessions of individual psychotherapy for 25 individuals at CHR‐P.ResultsSuicidal ideation was reported by 24% of participants at session 1 and 16% at session 16, with minimal within‐subject change in the presence of suicidal ideation across the two time points. However, a more fine‐grained investigation at each session indicated that 60% of individuals at CHR‐P experienced suicidal ideation at least once during treatment. Additionally, there was great variability in suicidal ideation both within and between participants over the course of the 16 sessions.ConclusionsThese findings highlight the importance of repeated assessment when examining suicidal ideation as a treatment outcome for individuals at CHR‐P.
Genetics of familial adult myoclonus epilepsy: From linkage studies to noncoding repeat expansions
Authors: Corbett Mark A. , Depienne Christel , Veneziano Liana , Klein Karl Martin , Brancati Francesco , Guerrini Renzo , Zara Federico , Tsuji Shoji , Gecz Jozef 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFamilial adult myoclonus epilepsy (FAME) is a genetic epilepsy syndrome that for many years has resisted understanding of its underlying molecular cause. This review covers the history of FAME genetic studies worldwide, starting with linkage and culminating in the discovery of noncoding TTTTA and inserted TTTCA pentanucleotide repeat expansions within six different genes to date (SAMD12, STARD7, MARCHF6, YEATS2, TNRC6A, and RAPGEF2). FAME occurs worldwide; however, repeat expansions in particular genes have regional geographical distributions. FAME repeat expansions are dynamic in nature, changing in length and structure within germline and somatic tissues. This variation poses challenges for molecular diagnosis such that molecular methods used to identify FAME repeat expansions typically require a trade‐off between cost and efficiency. A rigorous evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity of each molecular approach remains to be performed. The origin of FAME repeat expansions and the genetic and environmental factors that modulate repeat variability are not well defined. Longer repeats and particular arrangements of the TTTTA and TTTCA motifs within an expansion are correlated with earlier onset and increased severity of disease. Other factors such as maternal or paternal inheritance, parental age, and repeat length alone have been suggested to influence repeat variation; however, further research is required to confirm this. The history of FAME genetics to the present is a chronicle of perseverance and predominantly collaborative efforts that yielded a successful outcome. The discovery of FAME repeats will spark progress toward a deeper understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of FAME, discovery of new loci, and development of cell and animal models.
Study of stress intensity factors in sliding and tearing modes for subsurface elliptical cracks in rolling train wheels
Authors: Seifi Rahman , Asadi Mohammad 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn the railway systems, induced contact between wheels and rails creates maximum shear stress around the contact surfaces. These shear stresses vary with the wheel's rolling and can initiate and extend subsurface cracks in the wheel and rail. The most common subsurface cracks in the rail systems have elliptical forms. Sliding and tearing modes of the fracture can be observed due to different components of the shear stresses around the contact area. Compressive normal stress has no considerable effects on in‐plane and out‐of‐plane shear modes for subsurface cracks. In this research, by proper modeling of the wheel and rail, the effects of dimensions, position, and depth of the subsurface cracks on the stress intensity factors of the sliding (KII) and tearing (KIII) modes have been investigated. Also, variations of the KII and KIII values versus wheel rolling angles and frictions have been considered. The validity and accuracy of the cracked model created by sub‐modeling technique have been verified by half‐space modeling and weight function method.
Ecological importance of rare phytoplankton species revealed by their high contribution to unsaturated fatty acids in tropical waters
Authors: Tang Quehui , You Jiangtao , Qian Song S. , Jeppesen Erik , Han Bo‐Ping 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

There is increasing evidence that rare species play an important role in trophic interactions, but the function of rare species with low biomass in these processes remains unclear. Phytoplankton is placed at the base of lentic and marine food webs and is characterised by a few dominant species and many rare species. While the dominant species contribute most to the primary production, they are often low‐quality food for primary consumers. The rare species may instead provide the essential biochemical nutrients for consumers, especially in eutrophic waters.

We hypothesised that the biomass of rare eukaryotic phytoplankton species significantly determines the concentrations of sestonic long‐chain highly unsaturated fatty acids, directly linking them to the functioning of aquatic ecosystems. We applied redundancy analysis and Lasso regression models to identify the species whose population dynamics explain the variations of sestonic fatty acids concentrations in tropical reservoirs and lakes.

The lasso models predicted that the dominant phytoplankton species determined the concentration of saturated sestonic fatty acids and that rare phytoplankton species were the main determinant for polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are critical for the food quality of consumers such as zooplankton and promote the energy transfer from primary producers to higher trophic levels in natural waters. In particular, the biomass of the rare species Scenedesmus obliquus was a key variable explaining the variations of α‐linolenic acid, α‐linoleic acid, γ‐linolenic acid, and eicosapentaenoic acid concentrations.

We conclude that the population dynamics of rare phytoplankton species can define the food quality associated with eicosapentaenoic acid for consumers and thus play a critical role in the trophic transfer in the food webs of tropical waterbodies.
Macroalgae exhibit diverse responses to human disturbances on coral reefs
Authors: Cannon Sara E. , Donner Simon D. , Liu Angela , González Espinosa Pedro C. , Baird Andrew H. , Baum Julia K. , Bauman Andrew G. , Beger Maria , Benkwitt Cassandra E. , Birt Matthew J. , Chancerelle Yannick , Cinner Joshua E. , Crane Nicole L. , Denis Vianney , Depczynski Martial , Fadli Nur , Fenner Douglas , Fulton Christopher J. , Golbuu Yimnang , Graham Nicholas A. J. , Guest James , Harrison Hugo B. , Hobbs Jean‐Paul A. , Hoey Andrew S. , Holmes Thomas H. , Houk Peter , Januchowski‐Hartley Fraser A. , Jompa Jamaluddin , Kuo Chao‐Yang , Limmon Gino Valentino , Lin Yuting V. , McClanahan Timothy R. , Muenzel Dominic , Paddack Michelle J. , Planes Serge , Pratchett Morgan S. , Radford Ben , Reimer James Davis , Richards Zoe T. , Ross Claire L. , Rulmal John , Sommer Brigitte , Williams Gareth J. , Wilson Shaun K. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractScientists and managers rely on indicator taxa such as coral and macroalgal cover to evaluate the effects of human disturbance on coral reefs, often assuming a universally positive relationship between local human disturbance and macroalgae. Despite evidence that macroalgae respond to local stressors in diverse ways, there have been few efforts to evaluate relationships between specific macroalgae taxa and local human‐driven disturbance. Using genus‐level monitoring data from 1205 sites in the Indian and Pacific Oceans, we assess whether macroalgae percent cover correlates with local human disturbance while accounting for factors that could obscure or confound relationships. Assessing macroalgae at genus level revealed that no genera were positively correlated with all human disturbance metrics. Instead, we found relationships between the division or genera of algae and specific human disturbances that were not detectable when pooling taxa into a single functional category, which is common to many analyses. The convention to use percent cover of macroalgae as an indication of local human disturbance therefore likely obscures signatures of local anthropogenic threats to reefs. Our limited understanding of relationships between human disturbance, macroalgae taxa, and their responses to human disturbances impedes the ability to diagnose and respond appropriately to these threats.