bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wavy Leading Edge (WLE) Influence on a Rectangular Wing Using an Unsteady Analysis Approach
Authors: Rohmawati Iis , Arai Hiroshi , Nurjannah Ika 
Published: June 2023

A rectangular wing with Wavy Leading Edge (WLE) effect was investigated experimentally and numerically. This research was carried out with the NACA 0018 profile. The morphology of humpback whale flippers, which are blunt and rounded in a specific pattern, inspired the design of the WLE. The rectangular wing was explored in pitching motion with a reduced frequency of k = 0.25 and varied aspect ratios. Multiple aspect ratios (AR) of the rectangular wing have been evaluated to determine the best wing aspect ratio, notably 3.9, 5.1, and 7.9. Only at AR 3.9 and 5.1 does the WLE perform efficiently in both upstroke and downstroke motion. WLE has a sinusoidal function shape. The improvement of lift force was stronger during upstroke motion than during downstroke motion. The stall is minimized during the pitching motion of the WLE wing, according to the numerical simulation. This result could be applied to fin stabilizers or wind turbines.
Variantes anatómicas del segmento anterior del polígono de Willis: relación con aneurismas cerebrales
Authors: Zamora-Chavarría Alejandro , Herrera-Guerra Camila , Quesada Navarro Franklin , Ballesteros Herrera Daniel 
Published: June 2023

El polígono de Willis es una red vascular que aporta sangre al cerebro y a las estructuras circundantes. Una de sus principales funciones es mantener la irrigación a través de las anastomosis, cuando se presenta alguna condición que compromete el flujo de alguna de sus ramas. Está compuesto por las arterias cerebral anterior, comunicante anterior, carótida interna, cerebral posterior y comunicante posterior. Su conformación varía en la población. Más del 30-60% de las personas presentan una composición distinta a la habitual, siendo la hipoplasia de uno o más vasos la variante anatómica más común. Esta se define como la existencia de menos de 1 mm de calibre externo en la comunicante anterior y cerebral posterior, y los segmentos arteriales A1 de la cerebral anterior y P1 de la cerebral posterior. La arteria cerebral posterior es la que se encuentra hipoplásica con mayor frecuencia, seguida del segmento P1 de la cerebral posterior, el segmento A1 de la cerebral anterior y la comunicante anterior.
La formación de aneurismas intracraneales es más frecuente en la arteria comunicante anterior. Se han determinado como factores de riesgo para su aparición el predominio unilateral del tronco de la arteria cerebral anterior, la aplasia/hipoplasia del segmento A2, y la hipoplasia del segmento A1. Esta última variante constituye el principal factor riesgo para la ruptura de los aneurismas intracraneales de la arteria comunicante anterior, ya que aumenta el flujo sanguíneo en el lado opuesto y, con ello, provoca un incremento de la presión intramural que favorece el desarrollo del aneurisma.
Reacciones transfusionales agudas, complicación de cuidado en la práctica clínica
Authors: Arias Rojas Gilberth Andrés , Delgado Solano Valerie Fernanda , Navas Contreras Mariosby Gabriela 
Published: June 2023

Las transfusiones sanguíneas son procedimientos realizados diariamente en todos los centros de salud alrededor del mundo, y las reacciones transfusionales agudas son una complicación grave y potencialmente mortal relacionada con estas. Las reacciones transfusionales agudas se definen como aquellas que ocurren en las primeras 24 horas, entre las más frecuentes se incluyen reacciones febriles no hemolíticas, reacciones alérgicas y anafilaxia, sobrecarga circulatoria, lesión pulmonar aguda y hemólisis. Las manifestaciones clínicas varían desde muy leves y autolimitadas, como fiebre, escalofríos, náuseas, alteraciones en presión arterial y frecuencia cardiaca; hasta otras más graves con compromiso cardiovascular, falla renal, alteraciones en la coagulación y hasta la muerte.
La comprensión de la fisiopatología, factores de riesgo y diferencias en la clínica permite la identificación temprana de la reacción, fundamental para minimizar la morbimortalidad y optimizar los resultados clínicos. La implementación de estrategias de mitigación y otras medidas preventivas permite reducir el riesgo de eventos adversos relacionados con la transfusión. Medidas como la selección adecuada de los donadores, la identificación precisa receptor y la vigilancia continua en aquellos pacientes con factores de riesgo como niños, adultos mayores, pacientes con problemas cardíacos, renales, historia de cáncer o de transfusiones a repetición. Este artículo revisa la bibliografía actual sobre las reacciones transfusionales agudas y proporciona información útil para la práctica clínica.
ANALISA PERBAIKAN RESPON SISTIM DARI PEMODELAN KECEPATAN MOTOR BLDC MENGUNAKAN METODE TUNING PID COHEN-COON
Authors: Fiqri Muhammad , Amalia Sitti 
Published: June 2023

Seiring perkembangan zaman kemajuan akan teknologi berperan sangan peting salah satunya yaitu motor BLDC dikarenakan memiliki efesiensi yang tinggi, umur operasi yang panjang dan biaya perawatan nya yang rendah. Hal ini mengakibatkan motor BLDC membutuhkan sistem pengendalian yang lebih kompleks. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pemodelan sistem kendali motor BLDC dengan pengendali P, PI dan PID menggunakan metoda Cohen-Coon pada Simulink/MATLAB. Pencarian nilai parameter Kp,Ti dan Td dilakukan secara manual dan simulasi menggunakan Matlab. Kecepatan motor BLDC diatur beberapa fariasi kecepatan yaitu dari 500, 750, 1000, 1250 dan 1500 rpm pada pengontrolan P dengan memasukkan kecepatan 1500 rpm diperoleh kecepatan steady state sebesar 1500 rpm, delay time sebesar 0,03 s, rise time sebesar 0,007 s, time sebesar 0,02 s, setling time sebesar 0,39 s, dan overshoot sbesar 87,763%, pada pengontrolan PI dengan memasukkan kecepatan 1500 rpm diperoleh kecepatan steady state sebesar 1500 rpm; delay time sebesar 0,03 s, rise time sebesar 0,008 s, peak time sebesar 0,02 s, setling time sebesar 0,52 s, dan overshoot sebesar 87,736%, pada pengontrolan PID dengan memasukkan kecepatan 1500 rpm diperoleh kecepatan steady state sebesar 1500 rpm; delay time sebesar 0,02 s, rise time sebesar 0,07 s, peak time sebesar 0,02 s, setling time sebesar 0,95 s, dan overshoot sbesar 57,937 %. Untuk perbaikan hasil sinyal pengontrolan PID digunakan lah nilai KP= 11,9 ,Ti= 0.09, Td= 0,1 dapat memperbaiki sinyal transien dan nilai overshot nya dari 57,935% menjadi 1,531% , rise time dari nilai 0,076 s menjadi 0,014 s Berdasarkan hasil simulasi BLDC dengan metode Cohen – Coon dapat memberikan respon delay time yang cepat.
Morning blood pressure surge and dipping profile in non-hypertensive obese subjects.
Authors: Hasan Hayder S. , Almadfai Zaid , Abdulkareem Faris 
Published: June 2023

Background: Obesity is an evolving major health problem in both developed and developing countries. Non-hypertensive obese may have an elevated Morning Blood pressure surge (MBPS), which is associated with increased risk for cardiac events (CE) independently of office and ambulatory blood pressure (BP). Non-hypertensive obese also may have a blunted nocturnal decrease in BP during the night, while healthy normotensive non-obese individuals have a 10%–20% nocturnal decrease in blood pressure (BP) during the night or dipping. Thus, 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitor (ABPM) is the gold standard to evaluate MBPS and dipping profile in non-hypertensive obese individuals.
Objectives: to measure and evaluate morning blood pressure surge and dipping profile for normotensive obese subjects by using 24-hour Ambulatory blood pressure monitor (ABPM).
Methods: A total of 86 asymptomatic obese individuals (54 males, 32 females) were recruited from Obesity Unit in Alkindy College of Medicine/ University of Baghdad. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was done in addition to 42 healthy non-obese subjects of either sex served as controls. Fasting blood glucose level was considered for all study subjects in addition to anthropometric measurements.
Results: Obese subjects had a significantly higher morning blood pressure surge (MBPS), BMI is positively correlated with MBPS with significance (P=0.0001) with Pearson's correlation coefficients (r= 0.92). Obese subjects had a significantly higher mean 24-hour, daytime and night systolic/diastolic blood pressure with P value less than 0.0001. The dipping profile of obese subjects revealed a significantly less dipping percent as compared with normal weight control subjects in both systolic and diastolic BP with p = 0.02 and 0.04 for systolic and diastolic blood pressures respectively.
Conclusion: BMI is positively correlated with MBPS. In regard to dipping profile, obese subjects had decreased or blunted nocturnal fall in blood pressure. In addition, obese subjects had increased ambulatory blood pressures (systolic, diastolic, daytime and nighttime pressures), emphasizing the strong association between obesity and pathogenesis of hypertension.
Effect of doxorubicin on the histological structure of the kidneys in male albino rats
Authors: Al-Hassawi Wasan W. , Al-Sammak Maha A. 
Published: June 2023

Background: doxorubicin is one of the most active cytotoxic agents in current use, it has a very potent effect in the treatment of various malignancy either used alone or combined with other cytocidal agents, the antitumor activity of this drug associated with cytotoxic effect such as cardiotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, myelosuppression.
Objectives: - this study was designed to investigate the effect of the doxorubicin on the histological structure of the rats' kidney.
Results: - Doxorubicin cause reduction in the body weight and changes in the histological structure of the kidney which are atrophy of some glomeruli with widening of the urinary space between the glomerular tuft and the bowman's capsule , other glomeruli show expansion of glomerular tuft with obliteration of the urinary space, degenerative changes in the tubular epithelium, increase rate of apoptosis, necrosis, cystic changes of the tubules and vacuolation of the tubular epithelial cells cytoplasm, protein cast formation in the tubular lumen, infiltration of inflammatory cells in the interstitium, proliferation of collagen fibers(fibrosis) in the interstitium and glomerulosclerosis, the follow up animals show persistence and more extensive lesion than group B.
Patients and Methods:- one of the most important cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin is nephrotoxicity. Therefor sixteen adult male Wister albino rats have been used in this study, Eight of them were given 1 ml of intraperitoneal injection of normal saline alone daily for six consecutive days and served as a control group (A), The other Eight rats were given intraperitoneal dose of (1mg/kg body weight) doxorubicin, daily for six consecutive days and served as treated group (B), tow animals from group B kept alive without treatment for another week (observation period) as follow up animals to see the reversibility of the renal injury that are caused by doxorubicin. the animals were sacrificed at the end of the experiment, The body weight of the animals were recorded before starting the injection and recorded again just before killing the animals to see the changes in the body weight and the kidney sections were prepared and stained with hematoxylin and eosin stain, Periodic acid Schiff ̓s reagent (PAS), Orcin VanGieson stain, and examined by light microscope.
Conclusion: doxorubicin causes marked changes in the normal histological architecture of the rats' kidney, and these changes are irreversible after cessation of doxorubicin injection (observation period).
NK Cell-Targeted Immunotherapies in Bladder Cancer: Beyond Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Wang Yuanshuo A. , Ranti Daniel , Bieber Christine , Galsky Matthew , Bhardwaj Nina , Sfakianos John P. , Horowitz Amir 
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND: For decades, immunotherapies have been integral for the treatment and management of bladder cancer, with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) transforming patient care in recent years. However, response rates are poor to T cell-targeted ICIs such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) blocking antibodies, framing a critical need for complementary immunotherapies. Promising strategies involve harnessing the activation potential of natural killer (NK) cells. They quickly exert their antitumor activity via signaling through germline-encoded activating receptors and are rapidly sensitized to new tissue microenvironments via their regulation by polymorphic HLA class I, KIR and NKG2A receptors. OBJECTIVE: In this review, we examined the roles of currently available NK-targeted antitumor treatment strategies such as engineered viral vectors, small-molecule IMiDs, NK agonist antibodies, interleukins, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) NK cells, and their potential for improving the efficacy of immunotherapy in the treatment of bladder cancer. METHODS: Through review of current literature, we summarized our knowledge of NK cells in solid tumors and hematologic malignancies as their roles pertain to novel immunotherapies already being applied to the treatment of bladder cancer or that offer rationale for considering as potential novel immunotherapeutic strategies. RESULTS: NK cells play a critical role in shaping the tumor microenvironment (TME) that can be exploited to improve T cell-targeted immunotherapies. CONCLUSIONS: Emerging evidence suggests that NK cells are a prime target for improving antitumor functions in immunotherapies for the treatment of bladder cancer. Further research into profiling NK cells in settings of immunotherapies for bladder cancer could help identify patients who might maximally benefit from NK cell-targeted immunotherapies and the various approaches for exploiting their antitumor properties.
Disability and surveillance: Disability justice as a framework for educational technology
Authors: Pucciarelli Alexandra , May Emma 
Published: June 2023

The increased accessibility of technology is often employed as rationale for data extraction and surveillance. This paper examines critical perspectives on surveillance and educational technologies from Library and Information Science (LIS) literature, as well as those from disability studies that concern technology development more broadly. This research aims to understand how a disability justice framework can interrogate both the overall expansion of surveillance technologies and justifications for increased surveillance that argue that data extraction and analytics lead to increased accessibility for disabled users. As an activist approach toward disability advocacy that underscores the connections between white supremacy, sexism and colonialism as central to ableism, disability justice recognizes surveillance technologies as embedded in systems of power that disproportionately harm people of color, immigrants, transgender people, and gender nonconforming people. Using a disability justice framework, this paper argues against the expansion of surveillance technologies – especially in the name of increasing accessibility.
Muscle Specific Promotors for Gene Therapy – A Comparative Study in Proliferating and Differentiated Cells
Authors: Dietz Julienne , Jacobsen Frank , Zhuge Heidi , Daya Nassam , Bigot Anne , Zhang Wenli , Ehrhardt Anja , Vorgerd Matthias , Ehrke-Schulz Eric 
Published: June 2023

Background: Depending on the therapy approach and disease background, the heterogeneity of muscular tissues complicates the development of targeted gene therapy, where either expression in all muscle types or restriction to only one muscle type is warranted. Muscle specificity can be achieved using promotors mediating tissue specific and sustained physiological expression in the desired muscle types but limited activity in non-targeted tissue. Several muscle specific promotors have been described, but direct comparisons between them are lacking. Objective: Here we present a direct comparison of muscle specific Desmin-, MHCK7, microRNA206- and Calpain3 promotor. Methods: To directly compare these muscle specific promotors we utilized transfection of reporter plasmids using an in vitro model based on electrical pulse stimulation (EPS) to provoke sarcomere formation in 2D cell culture for quantification of promotor activities in far differentiated mouse and human myotubes. Results: We found that Desmin- and MHCK7 promotors showed stronger reporter gene expression levels in proliferating and differentiated myogenic cell lines than miR206 and CAPN3 promotor. However, Desmin and MHCK7 promotor promoted gene expression also cardiac cells whereas miR206 and CAPN3 promotor expression was restricted to skeletal muscle. Conclusions: Our results provides direct comparison of muscle specific promotors with regard to expression strengths and specificity as this is important feature to avoid undesired transgene expression in non-target muscle cells for a desired therapy approach.
Increasing the efficiency of trenchless laying machines using vibrating knives
Authors: Suponyev Vladimir , Ragulin Vitaliy , Oleksyn Volodymyr 
Published: June 2023

Modern requirements for the laying of underground communications consist of a combination of high construction rates with low energy consumption. The highest rate of laying linear objects is ensured by knife-type cable and pipe-layers, which are designed for their trenchless burial - this is when a narrow slot is cut in the soil, through which a cable or pipeline is launched. A feature of this process is the need to use large traction forces, which are determined by the resistance forces of the soil when cutting it. Accordingly, the cutting resistance of the soil depends on the dimensions of the width and depth of the gap and the physical and mechanical properties of the soil. Finding ways to reduce forces for deep cutting of soils is an important problem.
One of the ways to improve the efficiency of trenchless laying machines is to equip them with vibrating knives. It is known that when the knife oscillates in the vertical direction, it leads, depending on the soil and the speed of movement, to a 30…60% decrease in traction resistance. But the use of more complex vibration movements of the knives allows reducing the traction resistance during deep cutting of soils by 70…90%. It is well-known that various designs of mechanical drive are used to implement the process of vibration of knives. These are complex devices that, together with the entire machine, require calculations. Therefore, studying the forced vibration of the knives of pipe deepeners is an urgent task, which is aimed at reducing the energy consumption of the process of soil deep cutting and improving the overall performance of knife machines for trenchless laying of underground utilities.
To achieve the goal, the paper considered possible variants of the vibration oscillation of the knives and provided calculation dependencies for determining the resistance of soil cutting by active knives; also the dependence for determining the maximum average drive power of a centralized unbalanced vibrator was given. At the same time, the dimensions of the gap obtained, the physical and mechanical properties of the soil and the technical characteristics of the vibrator were taken into account.The obtained recommendations can be used when designing trenchless laying machines using vibrating knives.
Ukrainian pop song: development trends
Authors: Ovsyannikova Natalia 
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the article is to determine the peculiarities of the formation and development of the Ukrainian pop song. Methodology. In achieving this goal, the following research methods were applied: comparison, systematization, analysis, and generalization of the problem studied. The scientific novelty of the research lies in highlighting the main trends in the development of the modern Ukrainian pop song. Conclusions. Analysis of modern scientific literature devoted to the problem of the development of Ukrainian pop songs has shown an insufficient amount of systemic research in the field of national culture and art history. As for the modern Ukrainian song stage, it is not reflected in scientific research, although it is popular now. It has been proven that in Ukraine over the past few years, quite favorable conditions have been created for the development of young performers, and the Ukrainian pop song takes leading places in the European musical space. The article does not exhaust all issues related to Ukrainian songwriting. Further research on this topic can be aimed at studying the activities of individual modern Ukrainian pop performers, their creativity.
Key words: Ukrainian pop song, development trends, periodization, pop, Pop performers.
Concert of J. Brahms for violin and orchestra in the embodiment of the ideas of protoneoclassicism
Authors: Bay Liu 
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the article is to study the stylistic phenomenon of proto-neoclassicism in the post-romantic art of the last third of the XIX century and to recognize those stylistic features in the Brahms Violin Concerto. The methodological basis of the work is the intonation approach of B. Asafyev's school in Ukraine, which proceeds from the sacred unity of music and words, giving birth to historical-comparative, hermeneutic, bibliographic research methods, presented in the works of O. Markova, O. Muravska, O. Roschenko. etc. The scientific novelty of the work is due to the originality of the problem of proto-neoclassicism in the art of the post-Romantic era, as well as the fact that for the first time in the musicology of Ukraine and China in this stylistic perspective considered Violin Concerto J. Brahms. Conclusions. Baroque borrowings, natural for Romanticism, are filled with superpersonal lyricism and polyphonic texture in the post-romantic space of the second half of the nineteenth century, provoking the genre solution of parts of the cycle and separation from drama and elaboration in sonata indicators of composition. These features of the interpretation of the concert can be found in the analyzed work of J. Brahms, which we terminologically distinguish as the proto-neoclassicism of J. Brahms.
Key words: J. Brahms' proto-neoclassicism, twentieth-century neoclassicism, Biedermeier, romanticism, style in music.
Togolese EFL Learners’ Attitudes toward Learning English Language
Authors: ABDOU-RASSIDOU OUBO-GAOU 
Published: June 2023

The current study aims to investigate learners' attitudes regarding studying English. The purpose of this study is to discover the attitudes of Togolese EFL learners about learning English. The current study is being undertaken with students from two public universities in Togo (University of Lomé and University of Kara) as well as some high school pupils. Thus, (50) students were chosen at random from various levels [bachelor's students, master's students, and high school students] to participate in this research. To collect data for this project, questionnaires were distributed to students online. The major findings suggest that students have positive attitudes toward English learning. The findings really show that Togolese students are really motivated to learn the English language, and they give great importance to the English language.