bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro and in vivo comparative analysis of antibacterial activity of green‐synthesized silver nanoparticles
Authors: Lethongkam Sakkarin , Glaser Jochen , Ammanath Aparna Viswanathan , Voravuthikunchai Supayang P. , Götz Friedrich 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study aims to compare antibacterial effects of green‐synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with silver nitrate (AgNO3). AgNPs were successfully synthesized using Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaf extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of AgNPs and AgNO3 against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ranged between 4.8 and 6.75 µg mL−1. Growth curves demonstrated that inhibition of P. aeruginosa occurred right after AgNPs were added and throughout the period of the study (72 h). Antibacterial effects of both AgNPs and AgNO3 could be abrogated by cysteine and 2‐mercaptoethanol, thiol‐containing compounds. Galleria mellonella model revealed relatively low toxic effects of both AgNPs and AgNO3. At 20MIC of AgNPs (≈137.8 mg kg−1), more than 80% survival of G. mellonella was observed. Unexpectedly, silver‐containing agents could not rescue larvae after S. aureus infection. Further ex vivo experiments in the presence of coelomic larval fluid demonstrated the reduction of antibacterial activity of both AgNPs and AgNO3. It was speculated that anionic molecules present in the coelomic fluid might neutralize the action of Ag ions. Binding of AgNPs or AgNO3 to albumin, a major protein in human blood which transport several endogenous compounds was not detected, indicating that the silver‐containing agents could be applied as an antimicrobial agent.
Transcriptomics and cell painting analysis reveals molecular and morphological features associated with fed‐batch production performance in CHO recombinant clones
Authors: Nelson Luke , Veling Mike , Farhangdoust Fatemeh , Cai Xuezhu , Huhn Steve , Soloveva Veronica , Chang Meiping 
Published: August 2023

AbstractStable, highly productive mammalian cells are critical for manufacturing affordable and effective biological medicines. Establishing a rational design of optimal biotherapeutic expression systems requires understanding how cells support the high demand for efficient biologics production. To that end, we performed transcriptomics and high‐throughput imaging studies to identify putative genes and morphological features that underpin differences in antibody productivity among clones from a Chinese hamster ovary cell line. During log phase growth, we found that the expression of genes involved in biological processes related to cellular morphology varied significantly between clones with high specific productivity (qP > 35 pg/cell/day) and low specific productivity (qP < 20 pg/cell/day). At Day 10 of a fed‐batch production run, near peak viable cell density, differences in gene expression related to metabolism, epigenetic regulation, and proliferation became prominent. Furthermore, we identified a subset of genes whose expression predicted overall productivity, including glutathione synthetase (Gss) and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA). Finally, we demonstrated the feasibility of cell painting coupled with high‐throughput imaging to assess the morphological properties of intracellular organelles in relation to growth and productivity in fed‐batch production. Our efforts lay the groundwork for systematic elucidation of clone performance using a multiomics approach that can guide future process design strategies.
Fast‐charging of lithium‐ion batteries: A review of electrolyte design aspects
Authors: Lei Sheng , Zeng Ziqi , Cheng Shijie , Xie Jia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) with fast‐charging capabilities have the potential to overcome the “range anxiety” issue and drive wider adoption of electric vehicles. The U.S. Advanced Battery Consortium has set a goal of fast charging, which requires charging 80% of the battery's state of charge within 15 min. However, the polarization effects under fast‐charging conditions can lead to electrode structure degradation, electrolyte side reactions, lithium plating, and temperature rise, which are highly linked to the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of electrolytes. The conventional nonaqueous electrolytes used in LIBs consist of carbonate and cannot support fast‐charging without compromising performance and lifespan. This review outlines the challenges of fast‐charging LIBs and the requirements of electrolytes suitable for fast‐charging. Additionally, recent developments in fast‐charging electrolytes from four key perspectives: electrolyte additives, low‐viscosity co‐solvents, high concentration or localized high‐concentration electrolytes, and advanced electrolytes are summarized. Furthermore, this review provides insights for the design of fast‐charging electrolytes based on the mechanism of charging process and offers an overview of the current state and future direction of the field.
The immune microenvironment characterisation and dynamics in hormone receptor–positive breast cancer before and after neoadjuvant endocrine therapy
Authors: Oner Gizem , Broeckx Glenn , Van Berckelaer Christophe , Zwaenepoel Karen , Altintas Sevilay , Canturk Zafer , Tjalma Wiebren , Berneman Zwi , Peeters Marc , Pauwels Patrick , van Dam Peter A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundOestrogen receptor positive (ER+)/HER‐2 negative breast cancer (BC) is considered to be an immunologically cold tumour compared to triple negative breast cancer. Therefore, the tumour microenvironment (TME) of ER+/HER‐2 negative BC is understudied. The aim of this project is to investigate the TME and the immune response during neoadjuvant endocrine therapy (NET) and to correlate this with the treatment response in a real life setting.MethodsExpression of immune checkpoint receptors and immune cells was examined immunohistochemically, pre‐ and post‐NET in a cohort of 56 ER+/HER‐2 negative BC patients. They were treated with tamoxifen (n = 16), an aromatase inhibitor (n = 40) or a combination of an aromatase inhibitor with a PI3K inhibitor (n = 11) for a median duration of 6 months (range 1–32 months). Immunohistochemical staining with monoclonal antibodies for PDL‐1, PD‐1, TIM‐3, LAG‐3, CTLA‐4, CD4, CD68 and FOXP3 were performed. All staining procedures were done according to validated protocols, and scoring was done by a pathologist specialized in breast cancer. Positivity was defined as staining >1% on TILs. Response to NET was evaluated according to tumour size change on imaging and Ki‐67 change.ResultsThe median age was 61.02 (37–90) years. Diameter of tumour size decreased with a mean of 8.1 mm (−16 mm to 45 mm) (p < 0.001) during NET and the value of Ki‐67 value decreased with a median of 9 after NET (p < 0.001). An increase in PD‐L1 expression after NET showed a trend towards significant (p = 0.088) and CD‐4+ T cells significantly increased after NET (p = 0.03). A good response to NET defined as a decrease in tumour size and/or decrease of Ki‐67 was found to be associated with a longer duration of NET, a change of CD4+ T‐cells and a higher number of CD68+ tumour‐associated macrophages before the start of NET.ConclusionThe immune microenvironment plays an important role in ER+/HER‐2 negative BC. NET influences the composition and functional state of the infiltrating immune cells. Furthermore, changes in the immune microenvironment are also associated with treatment response.
Nuclear receptor coactivator 6 (NCoA6) promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Wang Xin , Jia Yuming , Xu Xiaowu , Hu Yuheng , Fan Guixiong , Jing Desheng , Zhang Zhilei , Wang Chao , Song Changfeng , Qin Yi , Peng Li 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundNuclear receptor coactivator 6 (NCoA6) is overexpressed in various cancers and considered a multifunctional coactivator of various transcription factors and nuclear receptors. However, the role of NCoA6 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unclear.MethodsNCoA6 expression data in PDAC were extracted from TCGA and GTEx databases, and their correlation with survival outcomes were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier plotter database. NCoA6 protein expression in PDAC tissues was evaluated using immunohistochemistry. RNA‐sequencing technology was used to sequence the transcriptome of NCoA6‐silenced PANC‐1 cells, followed by differential expression, GO/KEGG and GSEA analyses. The effects of NCoA6 on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, cell cycle, and apoptosis were determined in two representative cell lines (PANC‐1 and SW1990). Western blotting, qPCR, and co‐immunoprecipitation were performed to explore the mechanism of action of NCoA6 in PDAC cells.ResultsNCoA6 expression was markedly increased in PDAC tissues, and high NCoA6 expression was associated with poor survival prognosis. However, there was no significant relationship between NCoA6 expression and metastasis in PDAC patients. Our RNA‐sequencing data analysis found 1194 significant differentially expressed genes between the control and NCoA6‐silenced PANC‐1 cells. GO/KEGG analysis results mainly focused on cytokine production, cytokine activity, and cytokine‐cytokine receptor interactions. GSEA results showed that the knockdown of NCoA6 affected the expression of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) targeted genes. NCoA6 knockdown suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion of PDAC cells. Finally, western blotting, qPCR, and co‐immunoprecipitation results showed that NCoA6 interacted with HDAC1 and that NCoA6 expression was negatively correlated with F‐box and WD repeat domain‐containing 7 (FBW7) and caudal‐related homeobox transcription factor 2 (CDX2) expression in pancreatic cancer.ConclusionsNCoA6 has a profound effect on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and prognosis of PDAC and is potentially related to the expression of HDAC1, FBW7, and CDX2. Our results may provide novel therapeutic strategies for PDAC patients.
Protocol for ridge preservation at severely compromised extraction sockets: Consecutive case series
Authors: Colamarino Aaron N. , Bane William E. , Blyleven Gary M. , Lincicum Adam R. , Stancoven Brian W. , Johnson Thomas M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe physiologic bone remodeling accompanying tooth extraction is a phenomenon well described in the dental literature. Extraction sockets severely compromised by local infection, trauma, iatrogenesis, or other factors may exhibit enhanced reduction in alveolar dimensions during healing. The purpose of this report is to present an alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) protocol specifically intended for use at severely compromised sites.MethodsSeven patients presented to the Department of Periodontics, Army Postgraduate Dental School, Fort Gordon, Georgia, requiring extraction of teeth with partial or near‐complete loss of the facial/buccal cortex. At each site, a cross‐linked bovine collagen membrane was used to prevent collapse of the facial/buccal soft tissue and maintain space, a freeze‐dried bone allograft was applied in the socket, and a dense polytetrafluoroethylene membrane covered the occlusal aspect.ResultsAll sites healed uneventfully and resulted in favorable alveolar ridge dimensions for implant placement.ConclusionFew authors have proposed specific ARP methods for managing severely deficient extraction sockets. The predominant recommendation has been staged reconstruction of the site applying hard and soft tissue augmentation. Observations reported herein suggest that staged reconstruction is avoidable at some extraction sockets exhibiting severe alveolar compromise. Controlled clinical investigation of this protocol appears warranted.Key points
Few authors have proposed alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) methods specifically intended for use at severely compromised extraction sockets.
The prevailing recommendation at such sites is a staged protocol involving tooth extraction with delayed hard and soft tissue augmentation.
The presented bilaminar ARP technique may eliminate the need for staged reconstruction at some severely compromised extraction sockets.
The Aptness of Organic Diluents with Tri‐n‐Butyl Phosphate for Liquid‐Liquid Equilibria of Acrylic Acid
Authors: Athankar Kanti Kumar , Wasewar Kailas L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSeparation of carboxylic acids from downstream is a bottleneck in the chemical industry since it takes nearly 30–50 % of the overall production cost. In view of this, an attempt was made for the extraction of acrylic acid from aqueous solution with tri‐n‐butyl phosphate dissolved in organic diluents like benzene, toluene, xylene, hexane, and petroleum ether. The results are explained in terms of distribution coefficient (σ), extraction efficacy (η%), equilibrium complexation constant (Kε), loading ratio (ϕ), and coextraction of water. At lower concentration of acrylic acid and higher concentration of tri‐n‐butyl phosphate for the acrylic acid‐tri‐n‐butyl phosphate system, maximum extraction efficacy and distribution coefficient for benzene was found as 88.60 % and 7.772, respectively. Coextraction of water in the extract phase and law of mass action were discussed, too. Diffusivity of acrylic acid to the interface of extract (organic) and raffinate (aqueous) phases was calculated using the Wilke‐Chang equation and Reddy‐Doraiswamy equation. In view of designing a continuous extraction column, the number of theoretical stages and minimum solvent‐to‐feed ratio were also determined.
Efficient Spin–Orbit Charge‐Transfer Intersystem Crossing and Slow Intramolecular Triplet–Triplet Energy Transfer in Bodipy–Perylenebisimide Compact Dyads and Triads
Authors: Chen Xi , Rehmat Noreen , Kurganskii Ivan V. , Maity Partha , Elmali Ayhan , Zhao Jianzhang , Karatay Ahmet , Mohammed Omar F. , Fedin Matvey V. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBodipy (BDP)‐perylenebisimide (PBI) donor–acceptor dyads/triad were prepared to study the spin–orbit charge‐transfer intersystem crossing (SOCT‐ISC). For BDP‐PBI‐3, in which BDP was attached at the imide position of PBI, higher singlet oxygen quantum yield (ΦΔ=85 %) was observed than the bay‐substituted derivative BDP‐PBI‐1 (ΦΔ=30 %). Femtosecond transient absorption spectra indicate slow Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET; 40.4 ps) and charge separation (CS; 1.55 ns) in BDP‐PBI‐3, while for BDP‐PBI‐1, CS takes 2.8 ps. For triad BDP‐PBI‐2, ultrafast FRET (149 fs) and CS (4.7 ps) process were observed, the subsequent charge recombination (CR) takes 5.8 ns and long‐lived 3PBI* (179.8 μs) state is populated. Nanosecond transient absorption spectra of BDP‐PBI‐3 show that the CR gives upper triplet excited state (3BDP*) and subsequently, via a slow intramolecular triplet energy transfer (14.5 μs), the 3PBI* state is finally populated, indicating that upper triplet state is involved in SOCT‐ISC. Time‐resolved electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed that both radical pair ISC (RP ISC) and SOCT‐ISC contribute to the ISC. A rare electron spin polarization of (e, e, e, e, e, e) was observed for the triplet state formed via the RP ISC mechanism, due to the S−T+1/T0 states mixing.
Prevalence and psychopathology features of mental rituals in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder: A descriptive exploratory study of 1001 patients
Authors: Ferrão João Vítor Bueno , do Rosário Maria Conceição , Fontenelle Leonardo F. , Ferrão Ygor Arzeno 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionMental rituals (MR) are compulsions with no overt behavioural or motoric signs. It is presently unclear whether MR found in obsessive–compulsive disorder are associated with a distinctive clinical profile.ObjectivesThe main objectives of this paper were to assess the prevalence and psychopathological correlates of mental rituals in a large sample of OCD patients.MethodsThis exploratory case–control study compared 519 patients with versus 447 without MR in terms of sociodemographics, presence and severity of obsessive–compulsive symptoms, psychiatric comorbidities, sensory phenomena, suicidality, and insight.ResultsCurrent MR were found in 51.8%, while lifetime MR were found in 55.4% of the sample. The multiple logistic regression model determined that the most relevant clinical factors independently associated with current MR in OCD patients were the absence of any sensory phenomena and the presence of lifetime suicide ideation.ConclusionDue to its relation to OCD clinical aspects, MR are a frequent feature among OCD patients. It also seems to be associated with a range of features that are probably relevant for treatment, especially sensory phenomena and suicidality.
The performance of green communication across social media: Evidence from large‐scale retail industry in Italy
Authors: Crapa Giuseppe , Latino Maria Elena , Roma Paolo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSocial media have surged prominently as communication channels for corporate social responsibility. However, little is still known about the performance of green versus non‐green communication across different social media. We contribute by examining whether the presence of green features in social media communication exerts a beneficial effect on consumer response in terms of likes, comments, and shares. We also investigate how this effect hinges upon the social media platform where the content is posted as well as the richness of the format (text, photos, videos) utilized for the diffusion. To our scopes, we use an ad hoc dataset of posts of two major large‐scale retailers in Italy across three major social media, namely Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. Our results show that, while green content generally stimulates larger response than non‐green content, its effect varies across social media, with the highest effect being observed on Instagram (at least for likes) and the lowest on Twitter (at least for comments). Moreover, the extent to which the positive effect of green content increases as media richness increases (i.e., moving from only text to text plus photo, and then to text plus video) is also contingent upon the social media platform. On Facebook, the moderation of media richness is positive and significant, while being insignificant on Instagram. On Twitter, the moderation is even nonmonotonic in the sense that the highest (positive) effect of green content tends to be obtained for either low or high media richness. Our findings offer remarkable implications for firms engaging in environmental sustainability.
What environmental and climatic factors influence multidecadal fire frequency?
Authors: Lindenmayer David , Taylor Chris , Blanchard Wade , Zylstra Phil , Evans Maldwyn John 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFire is a key ecosystem process with more than half the world's land surface potentially subject to fire. A key aspect of fire ecology is the fire regime, with fire frequency an important component. Fire frequency appears to be increasing in some ecosystems, but decreasing in others. Such temporal and spatial variability in fire frequency highlights the importance of more effectively quantifying spatiotemporal changes in fire frequency for particular environments. We modeled changes in fire frequency over the past 40 years (1981–2020) in a 4.64 million ha area in Victoria, Australia. We quantified regional variation in the number of fires (hereafter termed fire frequency) during two 20‐year time periods (1981–2000 vs. 2001–2020), employing the Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia (IBRA), a standardized regionalization of Australia's terrestrial landscapes. We also quantified the climate and environmental factors influencing fire frequency in each IBRA subregion. Our empirical analyses revealed that fire frequency in Victoria was heterogeneous in both time and space. Wildfire frequency changed between 1981 and 2020, with the past 20 years (2001–2020) experiencing a substantially greater number of fires relative to the 20 years prior (1981–2000). Changes in fire frequency were not spatially uniform, with increases more pronounced in some IBRA subregions than others. Climate and topographic factors influenced the frequency of wildfires, but their effects manifested differently in different IBRA subregions. For example, fire frequency was associated with increasing rainfall deficit deviation in four IBRA subregions, but an opposite trend characterized two others. Associations between fire frequency and increasing temperature deviation also varied from negative to positive across subregions. We also found evidence of elevation, slope, and aspect effects, but these too varied between IBRA subregions. The complex spatiotemporal changes in fire frequency quantified in this study, and the complex between‐region differences in the factors associated with the number of fires, have major implications for biodiversity conservation, resource availability (e.g., timber yields), and ecosystem integrity. In ecosystems subjected to repeated fires at short intervals, new rapid detection and swift suppression technologies may be required to reduce the risks of ecosystem collapse as high‐severity wildfires increase in frequency.
Computational Mechanistic Insights on Homogeneous Water Oxidation Versus Catalyst Deactivation: A Case Study with Mononuclear Nickel and Copper Complexes
Authors: Singh Ajeet Kumar , Roy Lisa 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWater splitting is a potential pathway for hydrogen gas evolution and thereby realization of a carbon‐neutral sustainable energy scheme. However, oxidation of water to dioxygen is the major impediment in conversion of solar energy to fuel. Herein, density functional studies are conducted to explore the reactivity conduits of two molecular electro‐catalysts consisting of nickel and copper tetra‐anionic tetradentate amide ligand complexes of the type [(L1)MII]2−, where L1=o‐phenylenebis(oxamidate), and their substitutionally modified analogues. While nickel complexes demonstrate complex borderline chemistry between homogeneous and heterogeneous pathways, showing competition between water oxidation and molecular species degradation, copper complexes display robust and efficient molecular water oxidation behavior. Our analysis predict that this disparity is primarily due to the reversible O−O bond formation in nickel complexes, which provide the platform necessary for a direct attack of OH−/H+ on the metal and terminally accessible amidate groups of the 2e− oxidized anionic intermediate, [(L1⋅)NiIII(OH)]1−, respectively. This intermediate streamline ligand deactivation with a comparatively higher driving force for nickel complexes in acidic medium. Contrarily, the copper complexes display radical character on the hydroxyl ligand in the corresponding intermediate, [(L1⋅)CuII(OH⋅)]1−, that expedite O−O interaction, leading to predominant homogeneous water oxidation under all conditions.