bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-inflammatory and Antimicrobial Potential of Three Natural Polyketides Isolated from Endophytic Fungus Phomopsis sp CAM212 against to Dysenteric Causing Pathogens
Authors: Medoua Marie Louise , Pechangou Sylvain Nsangou , Enang II Brice Edie , Paul Assam Assam Jean , Njoya Emmanuel Mfotie , Njayou Frederic Nico , Moundipa Paul Fewou 
Published: May 2023

Aims: The present work aimed to evaluate the anti-amoebic, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory potential of three natural polyketides from Phomopsis sp. CAM212.
Study Design: Clinical isolates of E.histolytica, E.coli ATCC25922 strain, primary peritoneal mouse macrophages and three polyketides were used.
Places and Duration of Study: Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1 between May and December 2022.
Methodology: During this work, we evaluated the ability of three natural polyketides from Phomopsis sp to inhibit the growth of germs responsible for amoebic and bacillary dysentery. First, the anti-amoebic activity was carried out on clinical isolates of E. histolytica in polyxenic culture. Subsequently, we evaluated the antibacterial potential on a strain of E. coli ATCC25922. Finally, the anti-inflammatory potentials were evaluated on a primary culture of SC activated macrophages through inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production, activation of phosphatase alcaline (ALP) and inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX).
Results: It emerges from this work that among compounds, phomopsinin B, presented the highest anti-amoebic potential (84.4 % inhibition after 72h) and the highest antibacterial potential (MIC=12.5µg/mL and MBC/MIC=2). Phomopsini A and phomopsini A acetate showed moderate anti amoebic and antibacterial potentials. However, all these activities remain lower than that of metronidazole and ciprofloxacin (90% of amoebic inhibition after 72h; MIC=0.72µg/mL and MBC/MIC=4). Subsequently, all tested compounds were nontoxic on primary macrophages. Phomopsinin B exhibited a great anti-inflammatory potential through the inhibition of NO production (IC50=1.72±0.91µg/mL); inihibition of 5-LOX activity (IC50=36.97±7.12µg/mL) and activation of ALP activity (IC50=0.13±0.01µg/mL) as compared to Baicalin the standard. The anti-inflammatory potential of phomopsinin A and phomopsinin A acetate were lower compared to baicalin.
Conclusion: Ultimately, among compounds tested, phomopsinin B exhibited the best anti-amoebic, antibacterial and ant-inflammatory potential similar to the respective standards within the limits of the tests carried out.
Cardiac Thrombosis in Behçet's Disease: A Diagnostic Challenge
Authors: Boudhar Zainab , Atidi Meryem , Charei Nadia , Hattaoui Mustapha El 
Published: May 2023

Intracardiac masses have several etiologies: tumor, infectious, thrombotic. They constitute a diagnostic challenge for the clinician.
Behçet's disease is a chronic multisystemic vasculitis evolving by relapses. Intracadiac thrombosis in this disease deserves special attention because of its life-threatening nature. They often appear in the early stages of the disease, and the most frequent location is the right heart chambers. We present the case of a 23-year-old patient with an isolated mass in the right ventricle revealing an initial manifestation of Behçet's disease.
The presented clinical case highlights the importance of early recognition of Behçet's disease, as well as the awareness of including this disease in the differential diagnosis of intracardiac masses in young adults.
Influence of Phosphorus and Gibberelic Acid on Growth and Yield of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)
Authors: Zote Deborah Lalbiakhlui , Dawson Joy 
Published: May 2023

A field experiment was conducted during Kharif season 2022 on Cowpea crop at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P) to study the “Influence of Phosphorus and Gibberelic acid on growth and yield of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)”. The treatments consisted of three levels soil application of Phosphorus (20, 40, 60) kg/ha and foliar application of Gibberelic acid (50, 100, 150) ppm along with control. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with ten treatments each replicated thrice. Application of Phosphorus 60 kg/ha and Gibberelic acid 150 ppm (treatment 9) in cowpea recorded significantly highest plant height (82.77 cm), more number of nodules/plant (5.57 g), higher plant dry weight (24.90 g), maximum number of pods/plant (15.74), seeds/pod (13.98), highest test weight (20.93 g), higher seed yield (2.37 t/ha), higher stover yield (2.78 t/ha), higher harvest index (30.39%), maximum gross return (INR 63,000.00/ha), net return (INR 40,133.00/ha) and benefit cost ratio (1.76) was obtained in the same treatment 9.
Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD): A Tertiary Centre Retrospective Study in Nigeria
Authors: Lovelyn Obi-Nwosu Amaka , Florence Ubajaka Chika , Chima Madu Melford , Obi Nwosu Betrand , Isioma Ezemenahi Silvia , Chinedu Azudialu Bede , Maryann Ulochukwu Chinyere , Skye Nwosu Chinekwu , Ifeoma Ofiaeli Chika , Callistus Izuchukwu Emeka 
Published: May 2023

Background: Sickle cell disease is the most common inherited condition. Due to recent advances in medical care for patients with sickle cell anaemia, more women with SCD are able to survive up to the reproductive age group. This has given rise to a higher number of pregnant women with SCD. It results in increased fetal and maternal risks due to the metabolic demands, hypercoagulable state and vascular stasis often associated with pregnancy. It has therefore become imperative to explore what progress has been made over the last decade as well as what can be done to achieve the best outcome in these women.
Methods: This was a retrospective study of women with SCD who accessed antenatal care (ANC) at the Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital (NAUTH) Nnewi over a ten year period. Folder numbers were obtained from the obstetrics clinic and thereafter the folders were assessed and data retrieved using a checklist. Data analysis was done using SPSS 24.
Results: The prevalence of sickle cell disease among pregnant women in this centre was 0.03%. All the women had the HbSS variants. The mean age of the subjects was 28.3 ± 5.6years. Majority of the women were gainfully employed. The mean gestational age at booking was 26 9.5 weeks. Half of the neonates had fetal distress at birth. Commonest maternal complication was anemia (100%) followed by vaso-occlusive crisis (89%). Eighty nine percent of the women were delivered by emergency caesarean section prior to 37 weeks gestational age. Preterm birth and fetal distress were the commonest neonatal complications.
Conclusion: The study revealed that pregnancy associated with sickle cell disease still carries high maternal and fetal morbidity in this environment. Majority of the women with SCD in pregnancy did not receive preconception care and also did not commence their ANC early enough. There is need to educate women with SCD on the need for preconception care to ensure optimization of health prior to conception. They should also book early enough to facilitate close fetal monitoring throughout pregnancy.
Assessment of Some Brain Antioxidants Profile in Plasmodium berghei berghei Infected Mice Treated with Ethanol Leaf Extract of Musa paradisiaca
Authors: Adegoke Adebayo Olugbenga , Odeghe Ben Sandy , George-Opuda Ibitoroko Maureen , Awopeju Abimbola Temitayo , Elechi-Amadi Kemzi Nosike , Chidiebere-Onwukwe Emmanuella 
Published: May 2023

Background and Aim: This study evaluated brain antioxidants of locally formulated herbal antimalarial therapy, dry plantain leaf extract (Musa paradisiaca) on mice infected with Plasmodium berghei.
Experimental Procedure: Five groups of ten mice each namely control, P. berghei, artesunate, P. berghei infected mice using curative, suppressive and prophylactic models were orally administered with 250 and 1000mg/kg leaf extract of Musa paradisiaca. On the 10th day, the mice were sacrificed and blood samples collected for Catalase, Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX), Glutathione (Glut) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) estimation by standard method. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21.
Results and Conclusion: Catalase (µ/L) was 18.44±1.31, 9.65±0.16, 11.64±1.68, 12.83±0.43, 12.39±0.67, 12.80± 2.20, 9.90± 0.30, 11.54± 0.30, 15.59±0.86, 12.91± 0.33 and 12.0± 0.30, GPX(µ/L) was 63.58±0.62, 19.13±2.4, 42.24±7.15, 17.62±12.70, 55.27±0.50, 42.24±7.15, 17.62±12.70, 55.27±0.50, 37.8±5.20, 39.40± 0.30 and 34.50± 0.50, Glut(µ/m) was 1.05±0.35, 0.61±0.59, 0.67±0.53, 0.74±0.46, 0.94±0.18, 0.67±0.53, 0.74±0.46, 0.94±0.18, 0.74± 0.18, 0.68± 0.40 and 0.81± 0.30 while MDA(µ/m) was 47.9±0.45, 11.2±0.8, 6.4±0.2, 6.0±0.10, 8.30±0.40, 6.4±0.2, 6.0±0.10, 8.3±0.4, 6.10± 0.50, 6.00±0.10 and 5.90± 0.00 in control, P bergei, Artesunate, 250mg, 1000mg, Artesunate, 250mg, 1000mg, Artesunate, 250 mg and 1000 mg curative, Suppressive and prophylactic doses respectively. Results showed Musa paradisiaca leaf extract protects brain of Plasmodium berghei infected mice from free radicals.
A Literature Study of Big Data Analytics in Marketing
Authors: Wong Anthony Tik-Tsuen 
Published: May 2023

Marketing competition is fierce in today’s business environment. In order for a company to succeed in the market, it is necessary to find valuable information in the market and make a correct business decision. On the other hand, business decisions are usually carried out by management after research, but this step requires accurate data information as a support, and the decision-making plan will be more effective only with the support of effective information. However, big data can be used to conduct scientific analysis of the market data, as well as a comprehensive analysis of the enterprise. So big data analytics is the most critical part of marketing nowadays. This study aims to review the significant and recent research about the applications of big data analytics in marketing and to provide insights to practitioners the necessary analytics in marketing.
Traffic Performance Measures on Two-Way Two-Lane Rural Highways
Authors: Abdulmawjoud Ayman A. 
Published: May 2023

The most appropriate service measure for a two-lane highway is the combination of average travel speed (ATS) and percent time spent following (PTSF). The local driver behavior and traffic operation characteristics in different countries affect the operational analysis results. The objective of this study is to evaluate the applicability of the HCM procedures on two-lane highways in Iraq. Ten highway segments in northern Iraq were selected, and more than 28,000 vehicles were observed to record traffic characteristics.
The results show that for low flow rates, the HCM-2000 procedures tend to overestimate the ATS with an amount of 0.0085VP, while for moderate-to-high flow rates, the HCM procedures tend to underestimate the ATS with an amount of 0.0025VP for the highways considered. Moreover, the HCM procedures tend to overestimate PTSF; as well, ATS decreases as PTSF, density, and follower density increase for the highways under study. Equations are developed for the evaluation of traffic performance on two-lane highways in Iraq.
Knowledge Attitudes Practice and Barriers toward Conducting Research in Emergency Residents
Authors: Alotaibi Majed Alawe , Alanazi Mazi Mohammed , Almuhaymidi Abdullah , Almarshud Fai Mohammed , Aldakhil Lina Othman 
Published: May 2023

Background: In medical institutes, research is a significant part of postgraduate education. Only a small number of emergency residents were able to publish their study, though. According to reports, some of the barriers to conducting research include a lack of cash and time, inadequate infrastructure, inadequate research expertise and technique, and poor research beliefs.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical residents' knowledge, attitudes, practices, and impediments to conducting research.
Methods: The study was conducted in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and involved the King Saud Medical City (KSMC), King Salman Hospital, Aliman General Hospital, and Imam Abdulrahman Alfaisal Hospital. The research was a cross-sectional descriptive study. Data about residents was acquired between February 2023 and April 2023. In comparison to other hospitals, KSMC is a notable university hospital in Saudi Arabia with more years of postgraduate training experience. Only ambulatory emergency residents were recruited for this investigation. Data was gathered using a structured questionnaire that had been evaluated beforehand. The survey was modified from a verified survey created by Vodopivec et al. Many developing nations employ the tool for comparable surveys.
Results: 124 residents participated in the study. The participant's background characteristics are displayed in Table 1. The participants' average age was 27. Over 30 was the age range for 69.3% of the participants. Men made up 71.7% of the participants. Only 22.1% of postgraduate students reported having such training. Additionally, 28% of them had publications, and 54.4% had some experience in research. Research training received during graduate studies had a greater favorable impact on research practice than research training received during undergraduate schooling (p 0.02).
Conclusion: Although the participants had a favorable attitude toward research, their practice was insufficient due to their lack of understanding of it. The gap between a high level of optimism, limited research understanding, and scant research practice need to be filled. Perhaps by enhancing their expertise while pursuing graduate courses, this can be accomplished. To advance residents' knowledge and research practice, it is advised that they have access to improved financial support and research mentorship.
A Rapid Method to Screen for Multi Drug Resistance (MDR) Trait in Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii-Acyl Homoserine Lactone (AHL) Screening in CRAB and CSAB Isolates
Authors: Kamaraju Saipriya , Sritharan Venkataraman , Giri Archana 
Published: May 2023

Aims: Our proposal aimed to evaluate Acyl Homoserine Lactones (AHL) as a functional marker for Multi drug resistant (MDR) potential in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii. We investigated the AHL production potential of clinical isolates using a biosensor assay directly on a commonly used agar media.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Biomarkers, Gleneagles Global Hospitals, Lakdikapul, Hyderabad-500004.
Methodology: Antimicrobial drug sensitivity testing (AST) was performed on 72 clinical isolates of A. baumannii against two front-line antibiotics, Imipenem (10µg) and Meropenem (10µg), by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Production of long chain Acyl Homoserine lactone (AHLs) in the clinical isolates of A. baumannii was tested by cross streaking with the biosensor Chromobacterium violaceum mutant strain CV026 and Agrobacterium tumefaciens (NTL4pZLR4) by agar plate diffusion assay. Screening and identification of the quorum sensing mediator gene abaI was done by PCR to confirm its presence in all the 72 clinical isolates.
Results: Out of the 72 clinical isolates, 58 were Carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) and 14 were Carbapenem sensitive Acinetobacter baumannii (CSAB) for AST by agar disc diffusion method. None of our isolates produced short chain AHLs whereas all the isolates could produce varying amounts of long chain AHLs. Genotypic confirmation of AHL gene was obtained by abaI gene PCR.
Conclusion: Carbapenems are the front-line antibiotics used to treat gram negative bacterial infections in emergencies and in the critical care units of hospitals. Clinical isolates A. baumannii has innate resistance to several antibiotics due to various mechanisms, biofilms forming the first line of defense against antibiotics for the bacterium. Our study used AST to carbapenem as the leading marker for MDR, assuming the innate resistance of A. baumannii to other beta lactam antibiotics. Our study brought out certain important observations namely: a) All clinical isolates of A. baumannii produced Quorum Sensing signal molecules, the AHLs b) the clinical isolates of A. baumannii did not produce any short chain AHLs b) All the clinical isolates of A. baumannii produced long chain AHLs c) AHL production is not specific to carbapenem drug resistance because even CSAB isolates produced AHL d) AHL production is inherent to all clinical isolates of A. baumannii and it apparently indicates an underlying biofilm potential and MDR trait in these A. baumannii isolates. e) AHLs could be a universal marker for revealing MDR trait and biofilm potential in clinical microbiology AST profiling protocols.
Urrets-Zavalia Syndrome after Penetrating Keratoplasty: A Case Report
Authors: Meriem Elakhdari , Chaimaa Bardi , Younes Akannour , Louai Serghini , Amina Berraho 
Published: May 2023

Urrets-Zavalia syndrome is a dreaded complication of anterior segment surgery and the most common in patients undergoing corneal transplantation. Avoiding the prescription of mydriatic eye drops during the postoperative period is the mainstay of its therapy, which focuses on prevention. One month after having keratoplasty in the left eye, a 42-year-old man presented with Urrets-Zavalia syndrome and ocular hypertonia at 35 mmgh. Medical and surgical management were required in this situation.
The purpose of our presentation is to describe a real-world instance of Urrets-Zavalia syndrome.
Accuracy of artificial intelligence software for CT angiography in stroke
Authors: Mair Grant , White Philip , Bath Philip M. , Muir Keith , Martin Chloe , Dye David , Chappell Francesca , von Kummer Rüdiger , Macleod Malcolm , Sprigg Nikola , Wardlaw Joanna M. ,   for the RITeS Collaboration
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveSoftware developed using artificial intelligence may automatically identify arterial occlusion and provide collateral vessel scoring on CT angiography (CTA) performed acutely for ischemic stroke. We aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of e‐CTA by Brainomix™ Ltd by large‐scale independent testing using expert reading as the reference standard.MethodsWe identified a large clinically representative sample of baseline CTA from 6 studies that recruited patients with acute stroke symptoms involving any arterial territory. We compared e‐CTA results with masked expert interpretation of the same scans for the presence and location of laterality‐matched arterial occlusion and/or abnormal collateral score combined into a single measure of arterial abnormality. We tested the diagnostic accuracy of e‐CTA for identifying any arterial abnormality (and in a sensitivity analysis compliant with the manufacturer's guidance that software only be used to assess the anterior circulation).ResultsWe include CTA from 668 patients (50% female; median: age 71 years, NIHSS 9, 2.3 h from stroke onset). Experts identified arterial occlusion in 365 patients (55%); most (343, 94%) involved the anterior circulation. Software successfully processed 545/668 (82%) CTAs. The sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of e‐CTA for detecting arterial abnormality were each 72% (95% CI = 66–77%). Diagnostic accuracy was non‐significantly improved in a sensitivity analysis excluding occlusions from outside the anterior circulation (76%, 95% CI = 72–80%).InterpretationCompared to experts, the diagnostic accuracy of e‐CTA for identifying acute arterial abnormality was 72–76%. Users of e‐CTA should be competent in CTA interpretation to ensure all potential thrombectomy candidates are identified.
Brain volumes and white matter diffusion across the adult lifespan in temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Yasuda Clarissa Lin , Pimentel‐Silva Luciana Ramalho , Beltramini Guilherme Coco , Liu Min , Machado de Campos Brunno , Coan Ana Carolina , Beaulieu Christian , Cendes Fernando , Gross Donald William 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveTypical aging is associated with gradual cognitive decline and changes in brain structure. The observation that cognitive performance in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients diverges from controls early in life with subsequent decline running in parallel would suggest an initial insult but does not support accelerated decline secondary to seizures. Whether TLE patients demonstrate similar trajectories of age‐related gray (GM) and white matter (WM) changes as compared to healthy controls remains uncertain.Methods3D T1‐weighted and diffusion tensor images were acquired at a single site in 170 TLE patients (aged 23–74 years) with MRI signs of unilateral hippocampal sclerosis (HS, 77 right) and 111 healthy controls (aged 26–80 years). Global brain (GM, WM, total brain, and cerebrospinal fluid) and regional volumes (ipsi‐ and contralateral hippocampi), and fractional anisotropy (FA) of 10 tracts (three portions of corpus callosum, inferior longitudinal, inferior fronto‐occipital and uncinate fasciculi, body of fornix, dorsal and parahippocampal‐cingulum, and corticospinal tract) were compared between groups as a function of age.ResultsThere were significant reductions of global brain and hippocampi volumes (greatest ipsilateral to HS), and FA of all 10 tracts in TLE versus controls. For TLE patients, regression lines run in parallel to those from controls for brain volumes and FA (for all tracts except the parahippocampal‐cingulum and corticospinal tract) versus age across the adult lifespan.InterpretationThese results imply a developmental hindrance occurring earlier in life (likely in childhood/neurodevelopmental stages) rather than accelerated atrophy/degeneration of most brain structures herein analyzed in patients with TLE.
Solid‐State Electrolytes for Sodium Metal Batteries: Recent Status and Future Opportunities
Authors: Dong Yanfeng , Wen Pengchao , Shi Haodong , Yu Yan , Wu Zhong‐Shuai 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSolid‐state sodium metal batteries (SSMBs) possess superior safety and high energy density over liquid counterparts, and therefore hold great promise for large‐scale energy storage application. In this review, the recent development of the advanced sodium‐based solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) for high‐performance SSMBs is systematically summarized. First, the fundamental mechanisms and key parameters of SSEs, including ionic conductivity, electrochemical stability and Na+ transference number, are introduced in details, and then various inorganic (Na‐β‐alumina, Na superionic conductors, and sulfides), polymer SSEs (solid polymer SSEs and gel polymer SSEs), and inorganic‐polymer hybrid SSEs are elaborately discussed, emphasizing the unique roles of structure optimization and interface engineering of SSEs for boosting electrochemical performance in SSMBs. Finally, the key challenges and promising prospects of advanced SSEs in terms of interface optimization of inorganic SSEs, molecular design and screening of polymer SSEs, objective evaluation, and multiscale characterizations of SSEs are briefly proposed.