bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attenuation of alcohol‐induced hepatocyte damage by ginsenoside Rg1 evaluated using atomic force microscopy
Authors: Zhang Shengli , Weng Zhankun , Wang Zuobin , Wang Bowei , Zeng Yi , Li Jiani , Hu Cuihua 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlcoholic liver disease is an important cause of death worldwide. Hepatocyte apoptosis is commonly observed in alcoholic liver disease. In this study, we investigated the effect of ginsenoside Rg1 (G‐Rg1), an organic component of ginseng, on the alcohol‐induced morphological and biophysical properties of hepatocytes. Human hepatocytes (HL‐7702) were treated in vitro with alcohol and G‐Rg1. The cell morphology was observed using scanning electron microscopy. Cell height, roughness, adhesion, and elastic modulus were detected using atomic force microscopy. We found that alcohol significantly induced hepatocyte apoptosis, whereas G‐Rg1 attenuated the alcohol‐induced hepatocyte damage. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that alcohol‐induced significant morphological changes in hepatocytes, including decreased cell contraction, roundness, and pseudopods, whereas G‐Rg1 inhibited these negative changes. Atomic force microscopy revealed that alcohol increased the cell height and decreased the adhesion and elastic modulus of hepatocytes. Following treatment with G‐Rg1, the cell height, adhesion, and elastic modulus of alcohol‐injured hepatocytes were all similar to those of normal cells. Thus, G‐Rg1 can attenuate the alcohol‐induced damage to hepatocytes by modulating the morphology and biomechanics of the cells.Research Highlights
In this study, the morphological characteristics of hepatocytes were observed using SEM.
The changes in hepatocyte three‐dimensional images and biomechanical action caused by alcohol and G‐Rg1 were examined at the nanoscale using AFM under near‐physiological conditions.
Alcohol‐induced hepatocytes showed abnormal morphology and biophysical properties. G‐Rg1 attenuated the alcohol‐induced damage to hepatocytes by modulating the morphology and biomechanics of the cells.
Antisense lncRNA‐RP11‐498C9.13 promotes bladder cancer progression by enhancing reactive oxygen species‐induced mitophagy
Authors: Song Wei , Li Zhuo , Yang Ke , Gao Zhiyong , Zhou Qiang , Li Ping 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundUrinary system's most prevalent malignant tumor is bladder cancer. The enzyme pyrroline‐5‐carboxylate reductase 1 (PYCR1) has pro‐tumorigenic characteristics. In the present study, the upstream and downstream regulatory mechanisms of PYCR1 in bladder cancer were investigated.MethodsThe relationship between the expression of PYCR1 in bladder cancer and its prognosis was analyzed using a bioinformatics technique. Plasmid transfection and small interfering RNA were utilized to overexpress and silence genes, respectively. Utilizing MTT, colony formation, EdU, and transwell assays, the proliferation and invasiveness of bladder cancer cells were evaluated. Employing an RNA pull‐down experiment and RNA immunoprecipitation, the relationship between RNAs was analyzed. Fluorescence in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, and western blotting were used to detect protein expression and localization. Flow cytometry was used to identify reactive species (ROS) expression in cells. Mitophagy was detected using immunofluorescence.ResultsPYCR1 was highly expressed in bladder cancer tissue and was related with a poor prognosis for the patient. By binding to PYCR1, the antisense RNA lncRNA‐RP11‐498C9.13 prevented the degradation of PYCR1 and promoted its production. Down‐regulation of lncRNA‐RP11‐498C9.13 and PYCR1 inhibited the proliferation and invasiveness of bladder cancer cells and decreased tumorigenesis. In addition, it was found that the lncRNA‐RP11‐498C9.13/PYCR1 axis promoted ROS generation and induced mitophagy in bladder cancer cells.ConclusionsWe demonstrated that lncRNA‐RP11‐498C9.13 promoted bladder cancer tumorigenesis by stabilizing the mRNA of PYCR1 and promoted ROS‐induced mitophagy. The lncRNA‐RP11‐498C9.13/PYCR1/mitophagy axis was anticipated to be a significant therapeutic target for bladder cancer.
Key biomarkers in cerebral arteriovenous malformations: Updated review
Authors: Tanzadehpanah Hamid , Modaghegh Mohammad Hadi Saeed , Mahaki Hanie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe formation of vascular networks consisting of arteries, capillaries, and veins is vital in embryogenesis. It is also crucial in adulthood for the formation of a functional vasculature. Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (CAVMs) are linked with a remarkable risk of intracerebral hemorrhage because arterial blood is directly shunted into the veins before the arterial blood pressure is dissipated. The underlying mechanisms responsible for arteriovenous malformation (AVM) growth, progression, and rupture are not fully known, yet the critical role of inflammation in AVM pathogenesis has been noted. The proinflammatory cytokines are upregulated in CAVM, which stimulates overexpression of cell adhesion molecules in endothelial cells (ECs), leading to improved leukocyte recruitment. It is well‐known that metalloproteinase‐9 secretion by leukocytes disrupts CAVM walls resulting in rupture. Moreover, inflammation alters the angioarchitecture of CAVMs by upregulating angiogenic factors impacting the apoptosis, migration, and proliferation of ECs. A better understanding of the molecular signature of CAVM might allow us to identify biomarkers predicting this complication, acting as a goal for further investigations that may be potentially targeted in gene therapy. The present review is focused on the numerous studies conducted on the molecular signature of CAVM and the associated hemorrhage. The association of numerous molecular signatures with a higher risk of CAVM rupture is shown through inducing proinflammatory mediators, as well as growth factors signaling, Ras‐mitogen‐activated protein kinase‐extracellular signal‐regulated kinase, and NOTCH pathways, which are accompanied by cellular level inflammation and endothelial alterations resulting in vascular wall instability. According to the studies, it is assumed that matrix metalloproteinase, interleukin‐6, and vascular endothelial growth factor are the biomarkers most associated with CAVM and the rate of hemorrhage, as well as diagnostic methods, with respect to enhancing the patient‐specific risk estimation and improving treatment choices.
An efficient one‐pot synthesis of Spiro[indoline‐3,11′‐pyrazolo[3,4‐f]pyrimido[4,5‐b]quinoline] derivatives
Authors: Liu Jia‐Yan , Peng Lan , Li Meng‐Fei , Wei Ming , Chen Sai , Chen Dong‐Sheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAn efficient procedure for the synthesis of novel spiro[indoline‐3,11′‐pyrazolo[3,4‐f]pyrimido[4,5‐b]quinoline] derivatives has been developed by one‐pot condensation of 1H‐indazol‐6‐amine, isatin and barbituric acid or 2‐thiobarbituric acid, in the presence of L‐proline in refluxing EtOH. This method has the advantages of operational simplicity, high yield of products via a simple experimental and work‐up procedure. IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 19F NMR and HRMS were used to identify the structures of all the synthesized compounds.
Natural history of GM1 gangliosidosis—Retrospective cohort study of 61 French patients from 1998 to 2019
Authors: Laur Domitille , Pichard Samia , Bekri Soumeya , Caillaud Catherine , Froissart Roseline , Levade Thierry , Roubertie Agathe , Desguerre Isabelle , Héron Bénédicte , Auvin Stéphane 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGM1 gangliosidosis is a rare lysosomal storage disorder associated with β‐galactosidase enzyme deficiency. There are three types of GM1 gangliosidosis based on age of symptom onset, which correlate with disease severity. In 2019, we performed a retrospective multicentric study including all patients diagnosed with GM1 gangliosidosis in France since 1998. We had access to data for 61 of the 88 patients diagnosed between 1998 and 2019. There were 41 patients with type 1 (symptom onset ≤6 months), 11 with type 2a (symptom onset from 7 months to 2 years), 5 with type 2b (symptom onset from 2 to 3 years), and 4 with type 3 (symptom onset >3 years). The estimated incidence in France was 1/210000. In patients with type 1, the first symptoms were hypotonia (26/41, 63%), dyspnea (7/41, 17%), and nystagmus (6/41, 15%), whereas in patients with type 2a, these were psychomotor regression (9/11, 82%) and seizures (3/11, 27%). In types 2b and 3, the initial symptoms were mild, such as speech difficulties, school difficulties, and progressive psychomotor regression. Hypotonia was observed in all patients, except type 3. The mean overall survival was 23 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7, 39) for type 1 and 9.1 years (95% CI: 4.5, 13.5) for type 2a. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the largest historical cohorts reported, which provides important information on the evolution of all types of GM1 gangliosidosis. These data could be used as a historical cohort in studies assessing potential therapies for this rare genetic disease.
Localizing Hormone Receptor Expression to Cellular Compartments in Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis
Authors: Talatala Edward Ryan R. , Clark Evan , Ye Wenda , Davis Ruth J. , Hillel Alexander T. , Collins Samuel L. , Ramirez‐Solano Marisol , Sheng Quanhu , Gelbard Alexander 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesIdiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS) is an unexplained progressive fibrosis of the upper airway. iSGS almost exclusively affects women; as a result, female hormones (estrogen and progesterone) have been proposed to participate in the pathogenesis of iSGS. Our aim was to localize cell‐specific gene expression of estrogen receptors (ESR1 and ESR2) and progesterone receptor (PGR) using an established iSGS single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) cell atlas.Study DesignEx vivo molecular study of airway scar and healthy mucosa from iSGS patients.MethodsAn established scRNAseq atlas consisting of 25,974 individually sequenced cells from subglottic scar (n = 7) or matched unaffected mucosa (n = 3) in iSGS patients was interrogated for RNA expression of ESR1, ESR2, and PGR. Results were quantified and compared across cell subsets, then visualized using Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP). Confirmatory protein assessment of endocrine receptors in fibroblasts from iSGS patients (n = 5) was performed via flow cytometry.ResultsThe proximal airway mucosa in iSGS patients demonstrates differential expression of endocrine receptors (ESR1, ESR2, PGR). Within airway scar, endocrine receptors are primarily expressed by fibroblasts, immune cells, and endothelial cells. Fibroblasts show strong ESR1 and PGR expression, while immune cells possess RNA for both ESR1 and ESR2. Endothelial cells predominantly express ESR2. Epithelial cells in unaffected mucosa express all three receptors, which are all reduced in airway scar.ConclusionsscRNAseq data localized endocrine receptor expression to specific cell subsets. These results provide the foundation for future work interrogating how hormone‐dependent mechanisms promote, sustain, or participate in iSGS disease pathogenesis.Level of EvidenceNA; Basic science Laryngoscope, 133:3506–3511, 2023
Spatiotemporal evolution and the detection of key drivers in the resilience of cultivated land system in major grain‐producing regions of China
Authors: Xu Weiyi , Jin Xiaobin , Liu Jing , Li Hangbin , Zhang Xiaolin , Zhou Yinkang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEvaluation and improvement of cultivated land system resilience (CLSR) play a significant role in the sustainable development of cultivated land. From the perspective of multifunction of cultivated land, this study revealed the spatiotemporal evolution of CLSR in China's major grain‐producing regions during 2000–2020 by catastrophe model based on a comprehensive evaluation system including production resilience (PR), ecological resilience (ER), and economic resilience (CR), and further identified the key drivers to find scientific paths to improve CLSR. The results demonstrated that the CLSR had significant spatiotemporal differences and stayed at a low level but showed a steady rise. In terms of spatial scope, the number of provinces with middle‐ and high‐grade resilience had increased from 0 to 10. As for time variation, the CLSR showed an upward trend, from 0.78 to 0.95. PR and CR were similar to CLSR, showing an increased tendency, while ER displayed the characteristics of first decreased and then increased. As for the key drivers, PR played a central role in the CLSR, the effect of CR on CLSR was weakened, while the ER was gradually strengthened. Specifically, the stability of grain production, effective irrigated area rate, agricultural pollution, and the contribution of agriculture to GDP were the key factors to CLSR. Hence, stabilizing cultivated land areas, controlling nongrain growing phenomena, strengthening agricultural infrastructure construction, promoting ecological restoration of cultivated land, and ensuring economic contribution of cultivated land were effective ways to improve CLSR.
Some qualitative properties of weak solution for pseudo‐parabolic equation with viscoelastic term and Robin boundary conditions
Authors: Ngo Tran‐Vu , Dao Bao‐Dung , Freitas Mirelson M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the initial boundary value problem of the generalized pseudo‐parabolic equation containing viscoelastic terms and associated with Robin conditions. We establish first the local existence of solutions by the standard Galerkin method. Then, we prove blow‐up results for solutions when the initial energy is negative or nonnegative but small enough or positive arbitrary high initial energy, respectively. We also establish the lifespan and the blow‐up rate for the weak solution by finding the upper bound and the lower bound for the blow‐up times and the upper bound and the lower bound for the blow‐up rate. For negative energy, we introduce a new method to prove blow‐up results with a sharper estimate for the upper bound for the blow‐up times. Finally, we prove both the global existence of the solution and the general decay of the energy functions under some restrictions on the initial data.
Wideband receive‐coil array design using high‐impedance amplifiers for broadband decoupling
Authors: Sun Chenhao , Bauer Courtney C. , Hou Jue , Wright Steven M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeMultinuclear MRI/S is of increasing interest. Currently, most multinuclear receive array coils are constructed by nesting multiple single‐tuned array coils or using switching elements to control the operating frequency, in which case more than one set of conventional isolation preamplifiers and associated decoupling circuits is required. These conventional configurations rapidly become complicated when greater numbers of channels or nuclei are needed. In this work, a novel coil decoupling mechanism is proposed to enable broadband decoupling for array coils with one set of preamplifiers.MethodsInstead of using conventional isolation preamplifiers, a high‐input impedance preamplifier is proposed to create broadband decoupling of the array elements. A matching network consisting of a single inductor‐capacitor‐capacitor multi‐tuned network and a wire‐wound transformer was used to interface the surface coil to the high‐impedance preamplifier. To validate the concept, the proposed configuration was compared to the conventional preamplifier decoupling configuration on both bench and scanner.Results2The approach can provide more than 15dB decoupling over a range of 25MHz, covering the Larmor frequencies of23Na and2H at 4.7T. This multi–tuned prototype obtained 61% and 76% of the imaging SNR at2H and23Na respectively, 76 and 89% in a higher loading test phantom, when compared to the conventional single–tuned preamplifier decoupling configuration.ConclusionWith the multinuclear array operation and decoupling achieved using only one layer of array coil and preamplifiers, this work provides a simple approach of building high element‐count arrays to enable accelerated imaging or SNR improvement from multiple nuclei.
Aus zwei mach eins – von der Wirkstoffforschung ins Schülerlabor
Authors: Becker Anja , Berg Thorsten , Heimann Rebekka 
Published: June 2023

AbstractForschung ist ein langer und keineswegs linear verlaufender Prozess, der Kreativität und Ideen erfordert. Im Schülerlabor können Lernende diesen Prozess nachvollziehen – zum Beispiel an der Entwicklung neuer Wirkprinzipien in der medizinischen Chemie.
A modified reptile search algorithm for parametric estimation of fractional order model of lithium battery
Authors: Ding Jie , Huang Shimeng , Hao Yuefei , Xiao Min 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a Levy reptile search algorithm (LRSA) is proposed to improve the global search capability and convergence speed of reptile search algorithm which has advantages in solving single‐modal, multi‐modal and composite problems. Firstly, circle chaotic mapping is introduced to make the initial distribution of population more uniform and diversified. Secondly, Levy flight strategy is employed in the global search, which can improve the accuracy and convergence speed. In order to test and verify the optimization performance of the LRSA, 12 benchmark functions are tested and compared with four other intelligent optimization algorithms. It can be seen that LRSA is effective and advantageous in average convergence speed. In addition, the proposed LRSA is applied to a fractional order model identification of lithium battery with a very small error (less than 2%). The experimental results show that the LRSA can effectively estimate the parameters of the fractional order model and aid to state of charge and state of health estimation.
Fertility assessment and treatment in adolescent and young adult cancer survivors
Authors: Moravek Molly B. , Pavone Mary Ellen , Burns Karen , Kashanian James A. , Anderson Richard A. , Klosky James L. , Rotz Seth J. , Stern Catharyn J. , Rodriguez‐Wallberg Kenny A. , Levine Jennifer M. , Meacham Lillian R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the survivorship setting, adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors frequently demonstrate little knowledge of infertility risk, are unclear regarding their fertility status, and may under‐ or overestimate their treatment‐related risk for infertility. In female AYA survivors, ovarian function usually parallels fertility, and can be assessed with serum hormone levels and ultrasonography. Posttreatment fertility preservation may be appropriate for survivors at risk for primary ovarian insufficiency. In male AYA survivors, fertility and gonadal function are not always equally affected, and can be assessed with a semen analysis and serum hormones, respectively. As reproductive health issues are commonly cited as an important concern by survivors of AYA cancer, multidisciplinary care teams including oncology, endocrinology, psychology, and reproductive medicine are advocated, with the aim of optimal provision of fertility advice and care for AYA cancer survivors.
Alignment of multiwalled carbon nanotubes‐reinforced epoxy by a novel shear assisted method in the presence of the electric field
Authors: Moaseri Erfan , Moaseri Negin , Maghrebi Morteza , Baniadam Majid 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe application of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) alignment associated with external field techniques is fairly limited in the industry due to the cost implications of scaling such external fields. To address this problem, a new shear‐assisted method is introduced to increase the effectiveness of MWCNTs alignment techniques using electric field. In addition, the effect of curing temperature of polymer in CNT‐reinforced nanocomposites, is studied on the alignment of MWCNTs using our novel shear‐assisted technique. The results show that increasing the temperature during the curing process of the polymer can help with the alignment of MWCNTs using our shear‐assisted technique. This may be attributed to lower gel‐time of polymer matrix at high temperatures that can prevent agglomeration of the MWCNTs in the matrix. Moreover, fractography of reinforced composites has been studied by scanning electron microscopy to investigate the effects of curing temperature on the alignment of MWCNTs in the epoxy matrix.
Validation of a 1D dynamic thermal finite difference model for the rotational molding of an amorphous polycarbonate resin
Authors: Vandaele Maxim , Buffel Bart , Callewaert Kristof , Martens Jeroen , Thielemans Wim , Desplentere Frederik 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study focuses on the heating stage of the rotational molding process. When the mold wall reaches the tacky temperature, free flowing powder starts to adhere, melt, and sinter. In this work, a new modeling strategy is proposed. Compared with the models found in the literature, the model combines the use of a tacky temperature for the adherence of powder, changing boundary conditions, and thermophysical properties as function of temperature and the degree of sintering. The changing boundary conditions are introduced to take into account both wall to air and wall to powder contact. The calculation of the temperature evolution is done by applying the thermal finite difference principle to elements with a fixed polymer mass. The modeling of a uniaxial rotating cylinder is chosen as a case study. The validation is done for an amorphous polycarbonate resin. The performance of the model is evaluated not only by the comparison of temperature‐time data as is the case in most literature, but also by the decrease in free flowing powder weight as function of time, visual data from an in‐mold looking camera, and through thickness analysis of the molded pieces at various moments in the heating process.
Oral fluoroquinolones and risk of aortic aneurysm or dissection: A nationwide population‐based propensity score‐matched cohort study
Authors: Garg Mahek , Venugopalan Veena , Vouri Scott M. , Diaby Vakaramoko , Iovine Nicole M. , Park Haesuk 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStudy ObjectiveTo investigate risk of aortic aneurysm or dissection in patients using oral fluoroquinolones compared to those using macrolides in real‐world clinical practice among a large US general population.DesignRetrospective cohort study design.Data SourceMarketScan commercial and Medicare supplemental databases.PatientsAdults patients with at least one prescription fill for fluoroquinolone or macrolide antibiotics.InterventionFluoroquinolone or macrolide antibiotics.Measurements and Main ResultsThe primary outcome was estimated incidence of aortic aneurysm or dissection associated with the use of fluoroquinolones compared with macrolides during a 60‐day follow‐up period in a 1:1 propensity score‐matched cohort. We identified 3,174,620 patients (1,587,310 in each group) after 1:1 propensity score matching. Crude incidence of aortic aneurysm or dissection was 1.9 cases per 1000 person‐years among fluoroquinolone users and 1.2 cases per 1000 person‐years among macrolide users. In multivariable Cox regression, compared with macrolides, the use of fluoroquinolones was associated with an increased risk of aortic aneurysm or dissection (aHR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.17–1.54). The association was primarily driven by a high incidence of aortic aneurysm cases (95.8%). Results of sensitivity (e.g., fluoroquinolone exposure ranging from 7 to 14 days (aHR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.26–1.71)) and subgroup analyses (e.g., ciprofloxacin (aHR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.07–1.49) and levofloxacin (aHR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.19–1.52)) remained consistent with main findings.ConclusionsFluoroquinolone use was associated with a 34% increased risk of aortic aneurysm or dissection compared with macrolide use among a general US population.