bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ketogenic diet for mood disorders from animal models to clinical application
Authors: Smolensky Ilya V. , Zajac-Bakri Kilian , Gass Peter , Inta Dragos 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMood disorders such as major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) are often resistant to current pharmacological treatment. Therefore, various alternative therapeutic approaches including diets are, therefore, under investigation. Ketogenic diet (KD) is effective for treatment-resistant epilepsy and metabolic diseases, however, only a few clinical studies suggest its beneficial effect also for mental disorders. Animal models are a useful tool to uncover the underlying mechanisms of therapeutic effects. Women have a twice-higher prevalence of mood disorders but very little is known about sex differences in nutritional psychiatry. In this review, we aim to summarize current knowledge of the sex-specific effects of KD in mood disorders. Ketone bodies improve mitochondrial functions and suppress oxidative stress, inducing neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects which are both beneficial for mental health. Limited data also suggest KD-induced improvement of monoaminergic circuits and hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis—the key pathophysiological pathways of mood disorders. Gut microbiome is an important mediator of the beneficial and detrimental effects of diet on brain functioning and mental health. Gut microbiota composition is affected in mood disorders but its role in the therapeutic effects of different diets, including KD, remains poorly understood. Still little is known about sex differences in the effects of KD on mental health as well as on metabolism and body weight. Some animal studies used both sexes but did not find differences in behavior, body weight loss or gut microbiota composition. More studies, both on a preclinical and clinical level, are needed to better understand sex-specific effects of KD on mental health.
Modifying the microstructure of chitosan/methylcellulose polymer blend via magnesium nitrate doping to enhance its ionic conductivity for energy storage application
Authors: Nayak Pradeep , Sudhakar Y. N. , De Shounak , Ismayil  , Shetty Supriya K. , Cyriac Vipin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this study, different weight percentages of Mg(NO3)2were added to a polymer blend composed of chitosan (CS) and methylcellulose (MC). The solution casting method was adopted to prepare the polymer electrolyte films. As the host matrix, the polymer blend consists of 70 wt.% of CS and 30 wt.% of MC. The interactions between the blend and the Mg(NO3)2salt were revealed by FTIR analysis. The deconvolution of XRD peaks followed by the calculation of crystallinity indicates that the electrolyte samples were amorphous. The bulk resistance decreased with increasing salt content, according to the results of electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and this was caused by the influence of carrier concentration. The sample containing 30 wt.% of Mg(NO3)2was determined to have a maximum value of DC conductivity of 2.12 × 10–5Scm−1at room temperature by EIS analysis. The highest conducting film’s potential stability was found to be 3.65 V. It was found that the ion transference number was 0.86. The performance of the magnesium ion battery was then evaluated after it was built using the highest conducting polymer electrolyte. Considering this, the current work proposes an eco-friendly, practical, and affordable electrolyte appropriate for making electrochemical devices.Graphical abstract (made with biorender.com)
‘To buy or not to buy a home in a rural risk area’ by mid-to-later life home purchasers
Authors: van der Kloet Hieke T. , Bulder Elles A.M. , Haartsen Tialda 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFew studies on residential mobility of ageing adults to rural areas have investigated which of them buy a home in a rural risk area. This paper examines which socio-demographic characteristics, housing attributes and earthquake circumstances influence the actual choice of mid-to-later life adults to purchase a house in a rural risk area. The study focuses on housing transactions in the Dutch Groningen rural earthquake region, compared to transactions in the Groningen rural non-earthquake area from 2012 to 2019 (N = 6,082). Buying a house in the Groningen risk area might be challenging, as the earthquakes have had a significant impact on the regional housing market, the building structure of the houses and the wellbeing of the residents. Earlier research nonetheless suggests that, despite the risks, homebuyers still purchase houses in the Groningen earthquake area. The developed model predicts which mid-to-later life homebuyers of 50 years and older will purchase a dwelling in the Groningen earthquake region. Logistic regression analyses show that characteristics of the mid-to-later life homebuyer and earthquake circumstances are decisive aspects in respect of this choice. Being a single mid-to-later life homebuyer, with a previous residence in the Groningen earthquake region or being born in this region, enlarges the probability of purchasing a home in the earthquake region. Another significant predictor of a home purchase in the earthquake region appears to be a higher earthquake intensity of the homebuyer’s previous residence. These conclusions indicate the existence of a local housing market in rural risk areas.
Unisolvence of Symmetric Node Patterns for Polynomial Spaces on the Simplex
Authors: Mulder W. A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFinite elements with polynomial basis functions on the simplex with a symmetric distribution of nodes should have a unique polynomial representation. Unisolvence not only requires that the number of nodes equals the number of independent polynomials spanning a polynomial space of a given degree, but also that the Vandermonde matrix controlling their mapping to the Lagrange interpolating polynomials can be inverted. Here, a necessary condition for unisolvence is presented for polynomial spaces that have non-decreasing degrees when going from the edges and the various faces to the interior of the simplex. It leads to a proof of a conjecture on a necessary condition for unisolvence, requiring the node pattern to be the same as that of the regular simplex.
From technological to social innovation: toward a mission-reorientation of entrepreneurial universities
Authors: Menter Matthias 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSocial innovation has increasingly become an issue of policy and particularly given the policy focus on societal grand challenges. As anchor institutions, the challenge for entrepreneurial universities is to effectively respond and contribute to both technological and social innovation through knowledge and technology transfer. The current conceptualization of entrepreneurial universities is predominately focused on technological innovation. This paper argues for a mission-reorientation of entrepreneurial universities that extends the current technological innovation based conceptualization to incorporate social innovation that effectively addresses environmental and societal challenges and responds to calls in the society for more sustainable and inclusive growth. While current business models that underpin entrepreneurial universities and underlying knowledge and technology transfer mechanisms mainly incentivize the commercialization and transfer of economic knowledge, an incorporating of social dimensions of innovation allows the conceptualization of a broader and more extensive role of entrepreneurial universities.
shinyNORRRM: A Cross-Platform Software to Calculate the CIPW Norm
Authors: González-Guzmán Reneé , Elizondo-Pacheco Luis Alejandro , González-Roque Abraham , Sánchez-Torres Carlos Eduardo , Cárdenas-Muñoz Kevin Samuel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a novelty-free software to assess an efficient CIPW Norm (± 0.006 wt.% in differences between input and output data) is presented. The package is available in the official repository for user-contributed R packages (CRAN: Comprehensive R Archive Network). The software is able to handle big data sets and considers minor and trace element compositions. The algorithm can calculate odd minerals in igneous rocks, such as cancrinite and calcite, adjust the Fe+3/Fe+2 ratio in different standard approaches, and recalculate the compositions of the rocks in an anhydrous basis (100 ± 0.003 wt.% volatile-free adjusted). Furthermore, the package calculates several petrological parameters, and the graphical outputs are displayed following IUGS scheme standards. The prime aspect of shinyNORRRM is the symbiosis of native R functions with the R package’s shiny (Web Application Framework for R) to run the norm in a user-friendly interface. shinyNORRRM can be executed in any operating system and requires no previous programming knowledge, thus promising to be the universal computational program in this matter. The output data are printed in the standard comma-separated values (*.csv) format, which is highly compatible with general spreadsheet editors. In this work, the algorithm of our program is validated using already compiled whole-rock geochemical databases.
Impact of climate change on pasture quality in Mediterranean dehesas subjected to different grazing histories
Authors: Hidalgo-Galvez Maria Dolores , Matías Luis , Cambrollé Jesús , Gutiérrez Eduardo , Pérez-Ramos Ignacio Manuel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background and aims
Forecasted climate change and overgrazing are threatening the sustainability of dehesas, human-managed ecosystems where pastures, livestock and scattered trees coexist. Pasture quality is particularly sensitive to these global-change drivers, but there are still many gaps to broaden knowledge about the interactive effects of both factors on it. In addition, scattered trees might play a relevant role in maintaining high levels of pasture quality under future scenarios of higher aridity, but its role remains largely unexplored.

Methods
We designed a field manipulative experiment of rainfall exclusion and increased temperature aimed to evaluate the impact of forecasted climate on pasture quality under different historical grazing intensities. To test the potential buffering effect of trees, experimental plots were installed equally in two habitat types: under trees and open grassland.

Results
Warming reduced the nutrient concentration of pasture, while drought increased it. Tree canopy improved soil fertility, which translated into an increase in pasture quality. Livestock exclusion and high grazing intensity caused a decrease in pasture quality, whereas moderate grazing intensity exerted positive effects on it. Finally, warming beneath tree canopy negatively affected the P concentration of pasture, specifically in the site subjected to moderate grazing intensity.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that communities subjected to moderate grazing are more sensitive to climate change from a nutritional standpoint, likely because this management type provides high levels of P to the soil. In addition, we highlight the essential role of trees in agroforestry ecosystems to maintain high values of nutritional quality of pasture.
Ultra-Processed Food Consumption is Associated with Alcoholic Beverage Drinking, Tobacco Smoking, and Illicit Drug Use in Adolescents: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
Authors: Mesas Arthur Eumann , Girotto Edmarlon , Rodrigues Renne , Martínez-Vizcaíno Vicente , Jiménez-López Estela , López-Gil José Francisco 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Although evidence suggests that ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption may trigger addictive behaviors, the association between UPF intake and psychoactive substances remains unclear among adolescents, a group especially vulnerable to addiction and its potentially harmful effects on health.

Objective
To analyze the association between the consumption of UPF and alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs in adolescent students.

Method
This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the National School-Based Health Survey (PeNSE 2019), which collected information from a representative population-based sample of students aged 13–17 years in Brazil. UPF consumption was self-reported in a 24-h recall. Lifetime and use of alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs in the last month were also reported. Multinomial logistic regression models estimated the relative risk ratios (RRR) (95% confidence intervals – CI) because the outcome variables comprised four categories representing varying frequencies of use of psychoactive substances.

Results
The mean ± standard error number of different UPF consumed among the 95,074 adolescents included (52.3% girls) was 4.37 ± 0.02. The results from adjusted models revealed that, compared to those who reported low UPF consumption (1st tertile), those who consumed more UPF (3rd tertile) were more likely to report frequent (≥ 3 days in the last month) drinking of alcoholic beverages (RRR = 2.19; 95% CI: 1.87, 2.56), illicit drugs (RRR = 2.22; 95% CI: 1.87, 2.85) and occasional (one or two days in the last month) smoking (RRR = 1.30; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.60).

Conclusions
UPF consumption was associated with alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug use in a national sample of Brazilian adolescents.
Too Objective for Culpability?
Authors: Sarch Alex 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTo help explain in a principled way why criminal law doctrine tends to abstract away from motives and other individualized circumstances, I have defended an insufficient regard theory of criminal culpability that is more objective in certain respects than other views in the same camp. This has led Alec Walen to object that my view is too objective to be an account of culpability and is better understood as a theory of criminal wrongs. This challenge is important not least because it requires getting clearer about what wrongness and culpability are and what roles they play on a legal moralist picture of the criminal law. Here, I argue that Walen’s objection is mistaken. Once we get clearer on what distinguishes wrongness and culpability, it becomes clear that my account is best seen as a theory of culpability. This is so even though it calculates degrees of culpability in a more objective way than other insufficient regard views. Besides just defending my account from Walen’s objection, this paper aims to make a positive contribution by developing a more sophisticated version of the Manifestation Account I proposed earlier. To do this, I focus on the main area of criminal law doctrine where culpability comes apart from wrongness – namely, excuse cases. My earlier Manifestation Account is implausible – or at least limited – because it has nothing distinctive to say about how to determine the culpability of excused misconduct. Accordingly, the theory would be, if not outright false, at best incompatible with the orthodox view in criminal law theory, which takes excuses to accept wrongdoing but deny culpability. To solve this problem and enhance the Manifestation Account’s explanatory value, I show how to extend the theory to account for the culpability of wrongs where a putatively excusing condition is in play. This not only fills a gap in the Manifestation Account but has the further benefit of providing a unified reasons-based account of the main categories of misconduct in the criminal law, which shows what separates criminal wrongness from culpability both in justification cases and excuse cases. The hope is that this effort will shed light on the distinct roles of wrongness and culpability in legal moralist theories of the criminal law and provide a better understanding of degrees of culpability for criminal wrongs – not only when justifications are at issue, but also when excuses are involved.
Thermoelectric Composite of (Bi0.98In0.02)2Te2.7Se0.3/Bi2Se3 with Enhanced Thermopower and Reduced Electrical Resistivity
Authors: Hegde Ganesh Shridhar , Prabhu A. N. , Putran Suchitra , Rao Ashok , Gurukrishna K. , Shanubhogue U. Deepika 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBy using the solid-state reaction approach, composite polycrystalline samples of (Bi0.98In0.02)2Te2.7Se0.3/x%Bi2Se3 were created with varying amounts of Bi2Se3, (x = 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%). The hexagonal crystal structure of the composite was revealed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) with a space group of R$$\overline{3 }$$

3
¯

m. The surface of the samples was seen to have secondary particles using a field emission scanning electronic microscope. Every sample displayed the typical semi-conducting behaviour across the entire temperature range. In the complex (Bi0.98In0.02)2Te2.7Se0.3, it was found that bismuth was coordinated with six selenium atoms and there were significant selenium vacancies. With an increase in bismuth selenide concentration, the dissolution pattern shifted to a substitutional pattern. A two fold decrease in electrical resistivity for (Bi0.98In0.02)2Te2.7Se0.3/20%Bi2Se3 composition was seen compared to (Bi0.98In0.02)2Te2.7Se0.3/5%Bi2Se3. The granular material was produced by sintering and scattering of potential barrier, a thermal process that increases the Seebeck coefficient. A 200% increase was observed in thermopower for (Bi0.98In0.02)2Te2.7Se0.3/20%Bi2Se3 compared to (Bi0.98In0.02)2Te2.7Se0.3/5%Bi2Se3 compound.
Graphical Abstract
Early sclerostin assessment in frail elderly patients with sepsis: insights on short- and long-term mortality prediction
Authors: Tirandi Amedeo , Arboscello Eleonora , Ministrini Stefano , Liberale Luca , Bonaventura Aldo , Vecchié Alessandra , Bertolotto Maria , Giacobbe Daniele Roberto , Castellani Luca , Mirabella Michele , Minetti Silvia , Bassetti Matteo , Montecucco Fabrizio , Carbone Federico 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUnmet needs challenge clinical management of sepsis especially concerning patient profiling, enhancing recovery, and long-term sequelae. Here, we preliminarily focused on sclerostin (SOST) as a candidate biomarker to encompass such a broad range of clinical needs related to sepsis. Seventy-three septic patients were enrolled at internal medicine wards between January 2017 and December 2019 in this pilot study. Clinical examination and blood sample analyses were collected at enrollment and after 7 and 14 days. SOST levels were assessed on serum by ELISA. Thirty-day mortality was set as primary outcome. In-hospital and long-term mortality (2.5 years of median follow-up) were assessed as secondary outcomes. Patients were frail, elderly, and heterogeneous in terms of comorbidity burden. SOST levels were associated with age, cardiovascular comorbidities, and time to early death (30 days). When regression models were built, SOST displayed a high predictive value toward 30-day mortality (OR 13.459 with 95% CI 1.226–148.017) with ever better performance than validated scoring scales for critical ill patients. Such a predictive value of SOST was further confirmed for in-hospital (HR 10.089 with 95% CI 1.375–74.013) and long-term mortality (HR 5.061 with 95% CI 1.379–18.570). SOST levels generally decreased over 7 to 14 days after enrollment (p for trend < 0.001). The degree of this variation further predicted long-term mortality (HR for Δ SOST T0–day 14: 1.006 with 95% CI 1.001–1.011). Our results suggest a role for SOST in both short- and long-time prediction of worse outcome in septic elderly admitted to internal medicine wards.
Graphical abstract
Alcohol branding during rugby union matches in Ireland after commencement of Sect. 15 from the Public Health (Alcohol) Act: a frequency analysis of highlights from the European Rugby Champions Cup and Six Nations Championship
Authors: Critchlow Nathan , Purves Richard I. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Under Sect. 15 of the Public Health (Alcohol) Act 2018, Ireland has banned alcohol advertising in or on the sports area during a sports event, except for branded clothing. The restrictions commenced on 12th November 2021, but concerns have been raised that alcohol branding continues to feature in the now-prohibited sporting area.

Aim
To examine the frequency and nature of alcohol brand references in or on the sporting area during two rugby union tournaments played in Ireland after Sect. 15 had commenced.

Methods
A frequency analysis recorded visual references to alcohol brands in or on the sporting area (lasting ≥ 1 s) during highlights of fixtures played in Ireland during the 2021/2022 European Rugby Champions Cup (n = 11 matches; ‘ERCC’) and 2022 Six Nations Championship (n = 3 matches). Highlights were obtained from the official YouTube channels of each tournament.

Results
Across both tournaments, 481 alcohol brand references were observed in or on the sporting area (ERCC = 420; Six Nations = 61). Most references were advertising for zero-alcohol variants (ERCC = 77.1%; Six Nations = 83.6%) but using similar brand iconography as their ‘regular-strength’ counterparts (e.g. brand names and logos). The remaining references were classified as alibi marketing for ‘regular-strength’ alcohol products (ERCC = 22.9%; Six Nations = 16.4%), as alcohol brand logos were presented without explicit reference to a zero-alcohol variant.

Conclusions
Alcohol branding continued to feature in or on the sporting area after the commencement of Sect. 15 of the Public Health (Alcohol) Act. Clarification is needed over whether the promotion of zero-alcohol products and alibi marketing is compatible with Sect. 15 of the Act.
The discrete spectrum of the Neumann-Poincaré operator in 3D elasticity
Authors: Rozenblum Grigori 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFor the Neumann-Poincaré (double layer potential) operator in the three-dimensional elasticity we establish asymptotic formulas for eigenvalues converging to the points of the essential spectrum and discuss geometric and mechanical meaning of coefficients in these formulas. In particular, we establish that for any body, there are infinitely many eigenvalues converging from above to each point of the essential spectrum. On the other hand, if there is a point where the boundary is concave (in particular, if the body contains cavities) then for each point of the essential spectrum there exists a sequence of eigenvalues converging to this point from below. The reasoning is based upon the representation of the Neumann-Poincaré operator as a zero order pseudodifferential operator on the boundary and the earlier results by the author on the eigenvalue asymptotics for polynomially compact pseudodifferential operators.
Wir haben den jungen zugewanderten Menschen ein Versprechen gegeben!
Authors: Schröer Wolfgang 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungJunge Menschen, die nach Deutschland geflohen sind, müssen erwarten können, dass die Rechte verwirklicht werden, die ihnen versprochen werden. Dies bedeutet aber auch eine gleichberechtigte Bildungsteilhabe zu ermöglichen und mit ihnen Zugänge zu den Bildungsorganisationen zu gestalten.