bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electric field stimulation unmasks a subtle role for T-type calcium channels in regulating lymphatic contraction
Authors: Davis Michael J. , Castorena-Gonzalez Jorge A. , Zawieja Scott D. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We previously identified two isoforms of T-type, voltage-gated calcium (Cav3) channels (Cav3.1, Cav3.2) that are functionally expressed in murine lymphatic muscle cells; however, contractile tests of lymphatic vessels from single and double Cav3 knock-out (DKO) mice, exhibited nearly identical parameters of spontaneous twitch contractions as wild-type (WT) vessels, suggesting that Cav3 channels play no significant role. Here, we considered the possibility that the contribution of Cav3 channels might be too subtle to detect in standard contraction analyses. We compared the sensitivity of lymphatic vessels from WT and Cav3 DKO mice to the L-type calcium channel (Cav1.2) inhibitor nifedipine and found that the latter vessels were significantly more sensitive to inhibition, suggesting that the contribution of Cav3 channels might normally be masked by Cav1.2 channel activity. We hypothesized that shifting the resting membrane potential (Vm) of lymphatic muscle to a more negative voltage might enhance the contribution of Cav3 channels. Because even slight hyperpolarization is known to completely silence spontaneous contractions, we devised a method to evoke nerve-independent, twitch contractions from mouse lymphatic vessels using single, short pulses of electric field stimulation (EFS). TTX was present throughout to block the potential contributions of voltage-gated Na+ channels in perivascular nerves and lymphatic muscle. In WT vessels, EFS evoked single contractions that were comparable in amplitude and degree of entrainment to those occurring spontaneously. When Cav1.2 channels were blocked or deleted, only small residual EFS-evoked contractions (~ 5% of normal amplitude) were present. These residual, EFS-evoked contractions were enhanced (to 10–15%) by the KATP channel activator pinacidil (PIN) but were absent in Cav3 DKO vessels. Our results point to a subtle contribution of Cav3 channels to lymphatic contractions that can be unmasked in the absence of Cav1.2 channel activity and when the resting Vm is more hyperpolarized than normal.
Perception of parents or guardians of children regarding bruxism in the State of Amazonas
Authors: Dib Amanda Craveiro Carvalho , Dutra André Luiz Tannus , Paiva Saul Martins , Serra-Negra Junia Maria , Lucisano Marília Pacífico 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of parents or guardians about bruxism in children who seek care at Pediatric Dentistry Clinics at the State Polyclinic of the State of Amazonas.
Methods: Participation in the study was authorized through the Free and Informed Consent Form. This is a cross-sectional, population-based, observational, randomized, stratified, representative study of parents or guardians of children aged 3 to 12 years. Data were collected from 312 questionnaires.
Results: The prevalence of possible sleep bruxism was found in 11.9% of the parents or guardians and 21.5% of the children. 58.7% said they did not know what bruxism is. Among those who reported knowing that it was only 36.9%, they correlated bruxism with the habit of grinding or clenching their teeth. 74.4% They could not say etiology. Only 8.3% sought help or treatment. Only 5.4% sought a dentist for treatment. 64.1% Have stated that bruxism can affect people's health. Yet 59.3% could not say what it can affect. 88.5% said they would like more information about bruxism.
Conclusion: The number of people who are not aware of sleep bruxism and its etiology is significant. The apparent lack of awareness about bruxism leads them to underestimate the condition, and may lead families not to seek appropriate treatment, increasing the underdiagnosis of the condition.
Using systems thinking to understand scale-up and sustainability of health innovation: a case study of Seasonal malaria chemoprevention processes in Burkina Faso
Authors: Niang Marietou , Gagnon Marie-Pierre , Dupéré Sophie 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Scale-up and sustainability are often studied separately, with few studies examining the interdependencies between these two processes and the implementation contexts of malaria innovations. Researchers and implementers offer much more attention to the content of innovations, focusing on the technological dimensions and the conditions for expansion. Researchers have often considered innovation a linear sequence in which scaling up and sustainability remained the last stages. Using systems thinking in this manuscript, we aim to analyze the complex scaling and sustainability processes through adopting and implementing Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention (SMC) in Burkina Faso from 2014 to 2018.
Methods: We conducted a qualitative case study involving 141 retrospective secondary data (administrative, press, scientific, tools and registries, and verbatim), spanning 2012 to 2018. We completed these with primary data collected between February to March 2018, as 15 personal semi-structured interviews with SMC's stakeholders and non-participant observations. Processual analysis permitted us to conceptualize scale-up and sustainability processes over time according to different vertical and horizontal levels of analysis and their interconnections.
Results: Our results indicated six internal and external determinants of SMC that may negatively or positively influence its scale-up and sustainability in time and space. These determinants are effectiveness; monitoring and evaluation systems; resources (financial, material, and human); leadership and governance; adaptation to the local context; and other external elements. Our results revealed that donors and implementing actors prioritized financial resources over other determinants. In contrast, our study clearly showed that the sustainability of the innovation, as well as its scaling up, depends significantly on the consideration of the interconnectedness of the determinants. Each determinant can concurrently constitute an opportunity and a challenge for the success of the innovation.
Conclusion: Our findings highlight the usefulness of the systemic perspective to consider all contexts (international, national, subnational, and local) to achieve large-scale improvement in the quality, equity, and effectiveness of interventions in global health. Thus, complex and systems thinking has made it possible to observe emergent and dynamic innovation behaviors and the dynamics particular to sustainability and scaling up processes.
Vitamin D in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A meta-analysis
Authors: Kim Dong Suk , Lee Jung Sub 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective. The purpose of this study is to compare the serum levels of vitamin D with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) girls and controls via meta-analysis methods. We searched Medline (via PubMed), Cochrane, Scopus, and Embase databases for studies evaluating outcomes of AIS, including patient age, body mass index, bone mineral density (BMD), and serum levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium and phosphate published between January 2000 and June 2020. We searched studies only confined to human. The criterion to be included was a scoliosis study measuring vitamin D levels. We excluded duplicate publications such as review articles, case reports, and letters without original data. Two authors independently extracted data and they solved their data discrepancies by consensus.
Results. We identified eight comparative studies. Demographic characteristics, bone density, serum levels of vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and phosphate were not significantly different between AIS and controls, except for serum calcium levels. Serum calcium levels were lower in AIS than in controls. Level of serum calcium was lower in AIS than control. Conclusions. This review includes eight comparative studies reporting serum levels of vitamin D and/or parathyroid hormone for AIS. Due to the heterogeneity, a limited number of meta-analyses have shown a weak association between serum vitamin D levels and onset of AIS. Therefore, larger, multi-centered studies are needed to validate the results.
Impact of COVID-19 respiratory conditions on pregnancy outcomes in California prior to vaccine availability
Authors: Chang Shen-Chih , Sakowski Christa , Aziz Natalie , Gould Jeffery , Stevenson David , Main Elliot , Martin Courtney 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objectives: The objective of this study is to identify the populations of at greatest risk for COVID-19 complications during pregnancy and determine their adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes in a time period prior to vaccine availability.
Study Design: Cohort study using delivery hospitalization discharge data linked to vital records for all births in California during the baseline pre-COVID-19 period and for all 344,894 births during the COVID Study period.

Results: Those with COVID-19 related respiratory conditions experienced markedly elevated rates of Severe Maternal Morbidity (423.8 per 1,000) and maternal mortality (1,782 per 100,000).
Conclusion: In pregnancies complicated by COVID-19, the excess risks of maternal mortality, SMM and adverse neonatal outcomes were restricted to the 0.17% with COVID-19 related respiratory conditions. Significant disparities were noted for respiratory conditions, mortality and SMM related to race-ethnicity and patients with lower socioeconomic status.
Lady Windermere Syndrome Complicated By Kyphoscoliosis: A Case Report
Authors: Shah Abhi , Panchal Ishita , Vohra Rimsha Rahim , Bhowmik Subham , Lloyd Kenneth Scott 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Lady Windermere Syndrome is the bronchiectasis of the right middle lobe or the lingula region due to Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection. It was historically described in elderly Caucasian female patients who were immunocompetent but subsequently developed MAC infection, theoretically due to chronic cough suppression. The diagnosis is often difficult or missed because it is not usually considered a differential by radiologists and clinicians.
Case Presentation: Here we describe a classic case of a 61-year-old female patient with Lady Windermere Syndrome who is also riddled with prominent kyphoscoliosis with supportive chest radiographs and CT findings.
Conclusion: Lady Windermere syndrome is a significant yet frequently overlooked disease among older women who exhibit non-specific clinical symptoms. The majority of cases experience positive clinical outcomes within a period of three to six months when provided with timely pharmaceutical intervention. It is crucial to consider Lady Windermere syndrome as a potential differential diagnosis, particularly in regions where there are concerns about the presence of MAC bacilli in the soil and water.
Elevated HMGB1 mediates microbiome-immune axis dysregulation underlying reduced neutralization capacity in obesity-related post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Rubas Noelle , Peres Rafael , Kunihiro Braden , Allan Nina , Phankitnirundorn Krit , Wells Riley , McCraken Trevor , Lee Rosa , Umeda Lesley , Conching Andie , Juarez Ruben , Maunakea Alika K 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
While obesity is a risk factor for post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC, "long-COVID"), the mechanism(s) underlying this phenomenon is poorly understood. To address this gap in knowledge, we performed a 6-week longitudinal study to examine immune activity and gut microbiome dysbiosis in post-acute stage patients recovering from SARS-CoV-2 infection. Self-reported symptom frequencies and blood samples were collected weekly, with plasma assessed by ELISA and Luminex for multiple biomarkers and immune cell profiling. DNA from stool samples were collected at the early stage of recovery for baseline assessments of gut microbial composition and diversity using 16S-based sequencing. Multiple regression analyses revealed obesity-related PASC linked to a proinflammatory immune profile and reduced adaptive immunity, corresponding with gut microbial dysbiosis. In particular, the high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein was found to be a central mediator of this dysregulation, with its upregulated levels in plasma associated with significantly impaired viral neutralization that was exacerbated with obesity. Plasma levels of HMGB1 also negatively correlated with B-cell activating factor (BAFF), while inducing pro-inflammatory nitric oxide. These findings strongly implicate HMGB1 as a candidate biomarker of PASC, with potential applications for risk assessment and targeted therapies.
A Cross-Sectional Study for the Evaluation of Physical Fitness and Risk of Hypertension in Korean Adults Aged 20-59
Authors: Jeoung Bogja , Kim Jiyoun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background:
Intervention for hypertension in the young age group is very important. Men in their 30s and 40s in Korea are the main producers of economic activity. Stress in work life, frequent drinking, smoking, unhealthy diet, and lack of physical activity are the biggest factors that increase the risk of high blood pressure.
Methods:
This study analyzes obesity-related body composition, physical strength, and risk according to age and sex, by analyzing population-based hypertension and physical strength trends in individuals aged 20–59 years in 360,321 Korean adults, using National Physical Award Project(NFAP) data points collected from 2012 to 2019. The functional fitness test battery for adults was composed of seven components: (a) aerobic endurance (2-min step); (b) upper body muscle strength (hand grip strength); (c) lower body muscle endurance (chair sit and stand); (d) flexibility (sit and reach); (e) cardio pulmonary endurance (Pacer); and (g) body compositions (BMI and Waist Circumference); and blood pressure were also recorded.
Results:
For all items, there was a significant difference in blood pressure according to physical strength level. In particular, in obesity-related BMI and WC, the higher the obesity, the higher the blood pressure (post-hoc, Obesity>Overweight>Normal>underweight). It was also confirmed that the lower the grade, that is, the weaker the grip, the higher the blood pressure (post-hoc, 4>3>2>1). Next, in identifying the risk factors for high blood pressure, the physical strength level differed by 1.02 times and the obesity-related indicator by 1.33 times.
Finally, it was confirmed that the risk of high blood pressure in the age and gender of Model 3 increased by 1.388 times.
Conclusions:
This study investigated the relationship between blood pressure and physical strength in adults aged 20-59 based on NFAP. In addition to the recommendation for changes in blood pressure, significant differences in blood pressure according to physical strength were confirmed, and significant effects on blood pressure risk were confirmed in terms of age, obesity-related body composition, and physical strength.
Construction of Quantum Well surface from an Nb Surface doped Core-shell La-SrTiO3 Nanocubes for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production
Authors: Fan Yuqi , Zhang Guoliang , Zhou Huiming , Qiu Yang , Wang Weiliang , Dang Feng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Perovskite oxide semiconductors represent as one of the most promising photocatalysts for water splitting for hydrogen production; however, they still suffer from low light harvesting efficiency and low quantum yield. Here, an interfacial super-assembly towards nanoscale quantum well core-shell structure is demonstrated as a conceptual novel strategy for the design of high-performance perovskite oxide photocatalyst. A quantum well core-shell structure composed of La-doped SrTiO3 core and Nb-doped SrTiO3 surface is synthesized. Experimental and theoretical simulation demonstrate that the Nb-doped shell with a thickness of ~ 1 nm enables a lower conduction band potential and the formation of quantum confinement effect on the surface, in which the excited electron can be excited from the La-doped SrTiO3 core to the Nb-doped surface and confined on the 2D Nb-doped surface for highly efficient electron-hole pair separation. The quantum well SrTiO3 (QW-SrTiO3) nanocubes exhibit a strong visible light absorption and remarkably prevent the recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pair through the surface quantum confinement effect. Using graphene (GR) as the electron acceptor, the quantum well SrTiO3 nanocubes display the highest photocatalytic H2 production rate of 14.69 mmol h− 1 g− 1, which is 78 times higher than that of pristine SrTiO3 nanocubes. Furthermore, QW-SrTiO3/GR hybrid also shows excellent stability for hydrogen evolution. The quantum well designed on the SrTiO3 nanoparticles provides an insight for creating novel photocatalysts to tackle environmental and sustainable energy issues.
Investigating #vapingcessation in Twitter
Authors: Amin Samia , Jaiswal Aditi , Washington Peter Y , Pokhrel Pallav 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Evidence suggests that an increasing number of e-cigarette users report intentions and attempts to quit vaping. Since exposure to e-cigarette-related content on social media may influence e-cigarette and other tobacco product use, including potentially e-cigarette cessation, we aimed to explore vaping cessation-related posts on Twitter by utilizing a mixed-methods approach. We collected tweets pertaining to vaping cessation for the time period between January 2022 and December 2022 using snscrape. Tweets were scraped for the following hashtags: #vapingcessation, #quitvaping, and #stopJuuling. Data were analysed using Azure Machine Learning and Nvivo 12 software. Sentiment analysis revealed that vaping cessation-related tweets typically embody positive sentiment and are mostly produced in the U.S. and Australia. Our qualitative analysis identified six emerging themes: vaping cessation support, promotion of vaping cessation, barriers and benefits to vaping cessation, personal vaping cessation, and usefulness of peer support for vaping cessation. Our findings imply that improved dissemination of evidence-based vaping cessation strategies to a broad audience through Twitter may promote vaping cessation at the population level.
In-vivo Acaricidal Efficacy of Aqueous Extract of Azadirachta Indica Leaves in Cattle
Authors: Hatzade R. I. , Waghmare S. P. , Bhikane A. U. , Kolte S. W. , Kuralkar S. V. , Hajare S. W. , Ingole R. S. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The 70% (v/v) aqueous extract of A. indica leaves evaluated for its efficacy against cattle ticks. The group T1 and T2 were treated with 70% aqueous extract of A. indica leaves topically once in a day and twice at 24 hrs interval, respectively. The tick count in 10x10 cm areas on different regions of animal body was carried out on ‘0’ day (before treatment) and 24 hrs, 3rd, 7th, 14th and 28th day after treatment. The per cent efficacy of extract was evaluated on the basis of reduction in tick count with in the observed area on the treated animals. The average tick count in T1 and T2 group was 55.80 ± 11.29, 49.90 ± 11.08, 35.40 ± 7.95, 24.00 ± 5.74, 17.90 ± 7.35, 11.70 ± 2.87 and 107.60 ± 28.12, 97.00 ± 27.85, 83.30 ± 29.75, 70.30 ± 30.51, 62.70 ± 32.97, 18.80 ± 5.05 on day 0 (pre-treatment), 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28, respectively. The tick count was progressively reduced with increase in per cent efficacy after treatment at various intervals in both the groups. The statistical analysis revealed significant variation between different intervals in group T1 with significant reduction in tick count from 7th day (24.00 ± 5.74), 14th day (17.90 ± 7.35) and 28th day (11.70 ± 2.87) post treatment as compared to pre-treatment tick count (55.80 ± 11.29). In T2 group, the average tick count was found non-significant at various treatment intervals, however, it was markedly reduced on 28th day (18.80 ± 5.05) after treatment as compared to pre-treatment tick count (107.60 ± 28.12). Per cent efficacy was higher in T2 group (82.53%) than T1 group (79.03%) on 28th day after treatment. The reduction in tick count might be due to the most prominent phytoconstituent azadirachtin present in A. indica leaves. Clinical parameters in all the animals were within normal reference range at various treatment intervals in both the groups. The skin coat becomes smooth and shiny after treatment from 14th day with reduction in tick burden.
Optimization of Low Reynolds number airfoil design using Full Inverse Design method
Authors: Nwokolo Emmanuel , Agboola Olufemi , Olatoyinbo Seyi F. , Yusuf Olatunbosun T. , Olukunle Soyinka K. , Iliya Solomon Z 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This research study is aimed at designing an improved low Reynolds number airfoil from a baseline 4-digit NACA airfoil using the traditional Full Inverse Design method to maximize the lift-to-drag ratio, among others. XFOIL was used as an aerodynamic solver while XFLR5 v6.57 design and analysis software was employed for the design optimization. The NACA2408 airfoil was used as a reference airfoil for optimization due to its application in wings when long-endurance characteristics are desired. A newly-designed and novel airfoil, with a larger thickness and camber distribution compared to the baseline airfoil, is presented in this study. The new airfoil demonstrated up to 19.9% and 33% improvement in the lift coefficient and lift-to-drag ratio, respectively from reference airfoil results at Reynolds number of 3x106. The numerical results of the newly-designed airfoil were compared with the available results of ten selected standard airfoils and showed 18% and 32.5% general improvement in the lift coefficient and lift-to-drag ratio, respectively at the same Reynolds number. The optimized airfoil was further numerically tested with the computational fluid dynamics software, ANSYS FLUENT, and the results of the numerical simulations showed good agreement with XFLR5’s computationally obtained results.