bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative study of magnetic energy storage control techniques for stabilizing wind farm integrated system under different conditions
Authors: Sonia  , Dahiya A K 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) device is gaining significance in utility applications, as it can handle high power values with a fast rate of exchanging energy at high efficiency. The large-scale invasion of renewable energy systems into grid give rise to many integration issues. This SMES can handle these issues due to its various features. In this study the role of SMES in tackling stability issues due to presence of wind generation farms is investigated. The Doubly Fed Induction Generators (DFIG) based wind farms are most popular due to their distinctive advantages. Their intermittent output power and sensitivity to the grid disturbances gives rise to stability issues. These problems require innovative and advanced control strategies. Here coupling of SMES with Static Compensator (STATCOM) (STAT-SMES) has been suggested for boosting the transient stability of the hybrid large-scale DFIG and Synchronous Generator (SG) system. For investigation different faults and fast speed wind variation are considered. This coupled controller can compensate the real and reactive powers along with fast damping of oscillations under test conditions of entire system. The chopper link of SMES is controlled using Fuzzy based intelligent system and Proportional Integral (PI) controller. The connection of SMES to STATCOM shows better damping and improvement in all variables. The comparative study among Fuzzy based STAT-SMES, PI based STAT-SMES, only STATCOM, and without any controller is performed using MATLAB/Simulink. The simulation outcomes indicate that proposed Fuzzy based controller is better than other control systems in different test conditions.
Quantum machine learning framework for virtual screening in drug discovery: a prospective quantum advantage
Authors: Mensa Stefano , Sahin Emre , Tacchino Francesco , Kl Barkoutsos Panagiotis , Tavernelli Ivano 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Machine Learning for ligand based virtual screening (LB-VS) is an important in-silico tool for discovering new drugs in a faster and cost-effective manner, especially for emerging diseases such as COVID-19. In this paper, we propose a general-purpose framework combining a classical Support Vector Classifier algorithm with quantum kernel estimation for LB-VS on real-world databases, and we argue in favor of its prospective quantum advantage. Indeed, we heuristically prove that our quantum integrated workflow can, at least in some relevant instances, provide a tangible advantage compared to state-of-art classical algorithms operating on the same datasets, showing strong dependence on target and features selection method. Finally, we test our algorithm on IBM Quantum processors using ADRB2 and COVID-19 datasets, showing that hardware simulations provide results in line with the predicted performances and can surpass classical equivalents.
The impact of study factors in the association of periodontal disease and cognitive disorders: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Larvin Harriet , Gao Chenyi , Kang Jing , Aggarwal Vishal R , Pavitt Susan , Wu Jianhua 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Aim
The aim was to assess study factors that impact the association of cognitive disorders in people with periodontal disease (PD).

Method
Medline, EMBASE and Cochrane databases were searched until February 2022 using keywords and MeSH: (periodon* OR tooth loss OR missing teeth) AND (dementia OR Alzheimer’s Disease OR cognitive*). Observational studies reporting prevalence or risk of cognitive decline, dementia or Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in people with PD compared with healthy controls were included. Meta-analysis quantified the prevalence and risk (relative risk[RR]) of cognitive decline, dementia/AD, respectively. Meta-regression/subgroup analysis explored the impact of study factors including PD severity and classification type, and gender.

Results
Overall, 39 studies were eligible for meta-analysis: 13 cross-sectional and 26 longitudinal studies. PD demonstrated increased risks of cognitive disorders (cognitive decline—RR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.13–1.55; dementia/AD—RR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.14–1.31). Risk of cognitive decline increased with PD severity (moderate—[RR] = 1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.07–1.22; severe—RR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.18–1.32). For every 10% population increase in females, the risk of cognitive decline increased by 34% (RR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.16–1.55). Self-reported PD showed a lower risk of cognitive disorders compared with clinical classification (cognitive decline—RR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.65–0.91; dementia/AD—RR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.77–0.96).

Conclusion
The prevalence and risk estimates of cognitive disorders in association with PD can be influenced by gender, the disease classification of PD and its severity. Further homologous evidence taking these study factors into consideration is needed to form robust conclusions.
Gender Differences in Auditory and Visual Attentional Performance in Children with and without ADHD
Authors: Lin Hung-Yu , Chiu En-Chi , Hsieh Hsieh-Chun , Wang Pei-Jung 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objective
Despite the relatively high prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the impairment of ADHD in women is underestimated due to the different ways the phenomenon manifests compared to traditional male symptoms. In order to close the gender gap in diagnosis and treatment, this study aims to explore the impact of gender on auditory and visual attention in children with and without ADHD.

Method
A total of 220 children with and without ADHD participated in this study. Their auditory and visual attention performances were analyzed by comparative computerized auditory and visual subtests.

Results
Auditory and visual attention performance in children with and without ADHD did affect by gender, including typically developing (TD) boys are better than TD girls at distinguishing visual targets from non-target stimuli. When performing attention tasks, TD girls generally maintained a cautious response, which was different from TD boys, who generally adopted positive response methods. ADHD girls suffered from more serious auditory inattention problems than ADHD boys; however, ADHD boys suffered from more auditory and visual impulsive problems than ADHD girls. The internal attention problems of female ADHD children were broader than that of their male ADHD peers and were also more severe, especially in problems of auditory omission and auditory response acuity.

Conclusions
ADHD children had a significant gap in auditory and visual attention performance compared to TD children. The research results support the impact of gender on the performance of auditory and visual attention in children with and without ADHD.
BioPlexR and BioPlexPy: integrated data products for the analysis of human protein interactions
Authors: Geistlinger Ludwig , Vargas Roger , Lee Tyrone , Pan Joshua , Huttlin Edward L , Gentleman Robert 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSummaryThe BioPlex project has created two proteome scale, cell-line-specific protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks: the first in 293T cells, including 120k interactions among 15k proteins; and the second in HCT116 cells, including 70k interactions between 10k proteins. Here, we describe programmatic access to the BioPlex PPI networks and integration with related resources from within R and Python. Besides PPI networks for 293T and HCT116 cells, this includes access to CORUM protein complex data, PFAM protein domain data, PDB protein structures, and transcriptome and proteome data for the two cell lines. The implemented functionality serves as a basis for integrative downstream analysis of BioPlex PPI data with domain-specific R and Python packages, including efficient execution of maximum scoring sub-network analysis, protein domain–domain association analysis, mapping of PPIs onto 3D protein structures and analysis of BioPlex PPIs at the interface of transcriptomic and proteomic data.Availability and implementationThe BioPlex R package is available from Bioconductor (bioconductor.org/packages/BioPlex), and the BioPlex Python package is available from PyPI (pypi.org/project/bioplexpy). Applications and downstream analyses are available from GitHub (github.com/ccb-hms/BioPlexAnalysis).
Characterizing the Blood-Stage Antimalarial Activity of Tafenoquine in Healthy Volunteers Experimentally Infected With Plasmodium falciparum
Authors: Barber Bridget E , Abd-Rahman Azrin N , Webster Rebecca , Potter Adam J , Llewellyn Stacey , Marquart Louise , Sahai Nischal , Leelasena Indika , Birrell Geoffrey W , Edstein Michael D , Shanks G Dennis , Wesche David , Moehrle Joerg J , McCarthy James S 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
The long-acting 8-aminoquinoline tafenoquine may be a good candidate for mass drug administration if it exhibits sufficient blood-stage antimalarial activity at doses low enough to be tolerated by glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)–deficient individuals.

Methods
Healthy adults with normal levels of G6PD were inoculated with Plasmodium falciparum 3D7-infected erythrocytes on day 0. Different single oral doses of tafenoquine were administered on day 8. Parasitemia and concentrations of tafenoquine and the 5,6-orthoquinone metabolite in plasma/whole blood/urine were measured and standard safety assessments performed. Curative artemether-lumefantrine therapy was administered if parasite regrowth occurred, or on day 48 ± 2. Outcomes were parasite clearance kinetics, pharmacokinetic and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) parameters from modelling, and dose simulations in a theoretical endemic population.

Results
Twelve participants were inoculated and administered 200 mg (n = 3), 300 mg (n = 4), 400 mg (n = 2), or 600 mg (n = 3) tafenoquine. The parasite clearance half-life with 400 mg or 600 mg (5.4 hours and 4.2 hours, respectively) was faster than with 200 mg or 300 mg (11.8 hours and 9.6 hours, respectively). Parasite regrowth occurred after dosing with 200 mg (3/3 participants) and 300 mg (3/4 participants) but not after 400 mg or 600 mg. Simulations using the PK/PD model predicted that 460 mg and 540 mg would clear parasitaemia by a factor of 106 and 109, respectively, in a 60-kg adult.

Conclusions
Although a single dose of tafenoquine exhibits potent P. falciparum blood-stage antimalarial activity, the estimated doses to effectively clear asexual parasitemia will require prior screening to exclude G6PD deficiency.
Clinical Trials Registration. Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12620000995976).
Hocus Pocus: the Role of Hand-held Ultrasonography in Predicting Disease Extension and Endoscopic Activity in Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Rispo Antonio , Calabrese Giulio , Testa Anna , Imperatore Nicola , Patturelli Marta , Allocca Mariangela , Guarino Alessia Dalila , Cantisani Nicola Mattia , Toro Benedetta , Castiglione Fabiana 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Ulcerative colitis [UC] assessment still requires ileocolonoscopy [IC]. Intestinal ultrasound [IUS] has emerged as a non-invasive assessment tool, and the Milan Ultrasound Criteria [MUC] score has been validated to estimate and grade UC disease activity. Recently, hand-held IUS [HHIUS] has been used in several clinical settings, but data about its use in UC are limited. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of HHIUS compared with conventional IUS in detecting UC extension and activity.

Patients and Methods
From November 2021 to September 2022, we prospectively enrolled UC patients afferent to our third-level IBD Unit for IC evaluation. Patients underwent IC, HHIUS, and IUS. Ultrasound activity was defined by MUC &gt;6.2, and endoscopic activity was defined by a Mayo endoscopic score [MES] &gt;1. Cohen’s k test was applied to test the concordance between IUS-MUC and HHIUS-MUC after MUC dichotomisation [MUC &gt;6.2, yes/no].

Results
In all, 86 patients with UC were enrolled. No significant difference was recorded between IUS and HHIUS at the per-segment extension [p = N.S.], and both procedures were comparable in terms of results of bowel wall thickness [BWT] and bowel wall stratification [BWS] assessment [p = N.S.]. IUS and HHIUS displayed excellent agreement when the MUC score system was applied [k = 0.86, p &lt;0.01].

Conclusion
Hand-held intestinal ultrasound and IUS are comparable in UC extension definition and MUC evaluation. HHIUS could be reliable for detecting disease activity and estimating its extension, providing close monitoring. It also represents a non-invasive, easily practicable investigation, allowing immediate medical decisions with significant time and cost advantages.
Steering Fallible Consumers
Authors: Heidhues Paul , Köster Mats , Kőszegi Botond 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Online intermediaries with information about a consumer’s tendencies often ‘steer’ her toward products she is more likely to purchase. We analyse the welfare implications of this practice for ‘fallible’ consumers, who make statistical and strategic mistakes in evaluating offers. The welfare effects depend on the nature and quality of the intermediary’s information and on properties of the consumer’s mistakes. In particular, steering based on high-quality information about the consumer’s mistakes is typically harmful, sometimes extremely so. We argue that much real-life steering is of this type, raising the scope for a broader regulation of steering practices.
In vivopulsed-field ablation in healthy vs. chronically infarcted ventricular myocardium: biophysical and histologic characterization
Authors: Sandhu Uday , Alkukhun Laith , Kheiri Babikir , Hodovan James , Chiang Kirby , Splanger Taylor , Castellvi Quim , Zhao Yan , Nazer Babak 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimsData on ventricular pulsed-field ablation (PFA) are sparse in the setting of chronic myocardial infarction (MI). The objective of this study was to compare the biophysical and histopathologic characteristics of PFA in healthy and MI swine ventricular myocardium.Methods and resultsMyocardial infarction swine (n = 8) underwent coronary balloon occlusion and survived for 30 days. We then performed endocardial unipolar, biphasic PFA of the MI border zone and a dense scar with electroanatomic mapping and using an irrigated contact force (CF)-sensing catheter with the CENTAURI System (Galaxy Medical). Lesion and biophysical characteristics were compared with three controls: MI swine undergoing thermal ablation, MI swine undergoing no ablation, and healthy swine undergoing similar PFA applications that included linear lesion sets. Tissues were systematically assessed by gross pathology utilizing 2,3,5-triphenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride staining and histologically with haematoxylin and eosin and trichrome. Pulsed-field ablation in healthy myocardium generated well-demarcated ellipsoid lesions (7.2 ± 2.1 mm depth) with contraction band necrosis and myocytolysis. Pulsed-field ablation in MI demonstrated slightly smaller lesions (depth 5.3 ± 1.9 mm, P = 0.0002), and lesions infiltrated into the irregular scar border, resulting in contraction band necrosis and myocytolysis of surviving myocytes and extending to the epicardial border of the scar. Coagulative necrosis was present in 75% of thermal ablation controls but only in 16% of PFA lesions. Linear PFA resulted in contiguous linear lesions with no gaps in gross pathology. Neither CF nor local R-wave amplitude reduction correlated with lesion size.ConclusionPulsed-field ablation of a heterogeneous chronic MI scar effectively ablates surviving myocytes within and beyond the scar, demonstrating promise for the clinical ablation of scar-mediated ventricular arrhythmias.
Ambulatory pulmonary vein isolation workflow using the Perclose ProglideTM suture-mediated vascular closure device: the PRO-PVI study
Authors: Fabbricatore Davide , Buytaert Dimitri , Valeriano Chiara , Mileva Niya , Paolisso Pasquale , Nagumo Sakura , Munhoz Daniel , Collet Carlos , De Potter Tom 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Aims
The leading reason for delayed discharge after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is vascular complications. This study aimed to evaluate feasibility, safety, and efficacy of the Perclose Proglide™ suture-mediated vascular closure in ambulatory PVI, report complications, patient satisfaction, and cost of this approach.

Methods and results
Patients scheduled for PVI were enrolled prospectively in an observational design. Feasibility was assessed as % discharged the day of procedure. Efficacy was analysed as acute access site closure rate, time to reach haemostasis, time to ambulate, and time to discharge. Safety analysis consisted of vascular complications at 30 days. Cost analysis was reported using direct and indirect cost analysis. A 1:1 propensity matched control cohort was used for comparing time to discharge to usual workflow. Of 50 enrolled patients, 96% were discharged on the same day. 100% of devices were successfully deployed. Immediate (&lt;1 min) haemostasis was reached in 30 patients (62.5%). Mean time to discharge was 5:48 ± 1:03 h (vs. 10:16 ± 1:21 h in the matched cohort, P &lt; 0.0001). Patients reported high level of satisfaction with the post-operative time. No major vascular complication occurred. Cost analysis showed a neutral impact compared to the standard of care.

Conclusion
The use of the closure device for femoral venous access after PVI led to safe discharge of patients within 6 h from the intervention in 96% of the population. This approach could minimize the overcrowding of healthcare facilities. The gain in post-operative recovery time improved patients’ satisfaction and balanced the economic cost of the device.
Intermuscular technique for implantation of the subcutaneous implantable defibrillator: a propensity-matched case–control study
Authors: Botto Giovanni Luca , Ziacchi Matteo , Nigro Gerardo , D’Onofrio Antonio , Dello Russo Antonio , Francia Pietro , Viani Stefano , Pisanò Ennio , Bisignani Giovanni , Caravati Fabrizio , Migliore Federico , De Filippo Paolo , Ottaviano Luca , Rordorf Roberto , Manzo Michele , Canevese Fabio Lorenzo , Lovecchio Mariolina , Valsecchi Sergio , Checchi Luca 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimsA previous randomized study demonstrated that the subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator (S-ICD) was noninferior to transvenous ICD with respect to device-related complications and inappropriate shocks. However, that was performed prior to the widespread adoption of pulse generator implantation in the intermuscular (IM) space instead of the traditional subcutaneous (SC) pocket. The aim of this analysis was to compare survival from device-related complications and inappropriate shocks between patients who underwent S-ICD implantation with the generator positioned in an IM position in comparison with an SC pocket.Methods and resultsWe analysed 1577 consecutive patients who had undergone S-ICD implantation from 2013 to 2021 and were followed up until December 2021. Subcutaneous patients (n = 290) were propensity matched with patients of the IM group (n = 290), and their outcomes were compared. : During a median follow-up of 28 months, device-related complications were reported in 28 (4.8%) patients and inappropriate shocks were reported in 37 (6.4%) patients. The risk of complication was lower in the matched IM group than in the SC group [hazard ratio 0.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.17–0.99, P = 0.041], as well as the composite of complications and inappropriate shocks (hazard ratio 0.50, 95% CI 0.30–0.86, P = 0.013). The risk of appropriate shocks was similar between groups (hazard ratio 0.90, 95% CI 0.50–1.61, P = 0.721). There was no significant interaction between generator positioning and variables such as gender, age, body mass index, and ejection fraction.ConclusionOur data showed the superiority of the IM S-ICD generator positioning in reducing device-related complications and inappropriate shocks.Clinical trial registrationClinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT02275637.
Preclinical assessment of the feasibility, safety and lesion durability of a novel ‘single-shot’ pulsed field ablation catheter for pulmonary vein isolation
Authors: Koruth Jacob , Kawamura Iwanari , Dukkipati Srinivas R , Neuzil Petr , Reddy Vivek Y 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimsSingle-shot pulmonary vein isolation can improve procedural efficiency. To assess the capability of a novel, expandable lattice-shaped catheter to rapidly isolate thoracic veins using pulsed field ablation (PFA) in healthy swine.Methods and resultsThe study catheter (SpherePVI; Affera Inc) was used to isolate thoracic veins in two cohorts of swine survived for 1 and 5 weeks. In Experiment 1, an initial dose (PULSE2) was used to isolate the superior vena cava (SVC) and the right superior pulmonary vein (RSPV) in six swine and the SVC only in two swine. In Experiment 2, a final dose (PULSE3) was used for SVC, RSPV, and left superior pulmonary vein (LSPV) in five swine. Baseline and follow-up maps, ostial diameters, and phrenic nerve were assessed. Pulsed field ablation was delivered atop the oesophagus in three swine. All tissues were submitted for pathology. In Experiment 1, all 14/14 veins were isolated acutely with durable isolation demonstrated in 6/6 RSPVs and 6/8 SVC. Both reconnections occurred when only one application/vein was used. Fifty-two and 32 sections from the RSPVs and SVC revealed transmural lesions in 100% with a mean depth of 4.0 ± 2.0 mm. In Experiment 2, 15/15 veins were isolated acutely with 14/15 veins (5/5 SVC, 5/5 RSPV, and 4/5 LSPV) durably isolated. Right superior pulmonary vein (31) and SVC (34) sections had 100% transmural, circumferential ablation with minimal inflammation. Viable vessels and nerves were noted without evidence of venous stenosis, phrenic palsy, or oesophageal injury.ConclusionThis novel expandable lattice PFA catheter can achieve durable isolation with transmurality and safety.
The evolution of suppressed recombination between sex chromosomes and the lengths of evolutionary strata
Authors: Olito Colin , Abbott Jessica K 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe idea that sex differences in selection drive the evolution of suppressed recombination between sex chromosomes is well developed in population genetics. Yet, despite a now classic body of theory, empirical evidence that sexually antagonistic selection drives the evolution of recombination arrest remains equivocal and alternative hypotheses underdeveloped. Here, we investigate whether the length of “evolutionary strata” formed by chromosomal inversions (or other large-effect recombination modifiers) expanding the non-recombining sex-linked region (SLR) on sex chromosomes can be informative of how selection influenced their fixation. We develop population genetic models to show how the length of an SLR-expanding inversion, and the presence of partially recessive deleterious mutational variation, affect the fixation probability of three different classes of inversions: (1) intrinsically neutral, (2) directly beneficial (i.e., due to breakpoint or positional effects), and (3) those capturing sexually antagonistic (SA) loci. Our models indicate that neutral inversions, and those capturing an SA locus in linkage disequilibrium with the ancestral SLR, will exhibit a strong fixation bias toward small inversions; while unconditionally beneficial inversions, and those capturing a genetically unlinked SA locus, will favor fixation of larger inversions. The footprint of evolutionary stratum size left behind by different selection regimes is strongly influenced by parameters affecting the deleterious mutation load, the physical position of the ancestral SLR, and the distribution of new inversion lengths.