bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The efficacy of detecting arrhythmia is higher with 7‐day continuous electrocardiographic patch monitoring than with 24‐h Holter monitoring
Authors: Kim Ju Young , Oh Il‐Young , Lee Hyejin , Lee Ji Hyun , Cho Youngjin , Gil Yeongjoon , Jung Sunghoon , Kim Dae In , Shin Myung Geun , Yoo Joo Yeon , Kwak Jeong Yeon 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundDetecting high‐risk arrhythmia is important in diagnosing patients with palpitations. We compared the diagnostic accuracies of 7‐day patch‐type electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring and 24‐h Holter monitoring for detecting significant arrhythmias in patients with palpitations.MethodsThis was a single‐center prospective trial with 58 participants who presented with palpitations, chest pain or syncope. Outcomes were defined as the detection of any one of six arrhythmias, including supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter lasting more than 30 s, pauses of more than 3 s, high‐degree atrioventricular block, ventricular tachycardia (VT) >3 beats, or polymorphic VT/ventricular fibrillation. The McNemar test for paired proportions was used to compare arrhythmia detection rates.ResultsThe overall arrhythmia detection rate was higher with 7‐day ECG patch monitoring than with 24‐h Holter monitoring (34.5% vs. 19.0%, p = .008). Compared with the use of 24‐h Holter monitors, the use of 7‐day ECG patch monitors was associated with higher detection of SVT (29.3% vs. 13.8%, p = .042). No serious adverse skin reactions were reported among the ECG patch‐monitored participants.ConclusionsThe results suggest that a 7‐day patch‐type continuous ECG monitor is more effective for the detection of supraventricular tachycardia than is a 24‐h Holter monitor. However, the clinical significance of device detected arrhythmia should be consolidated.
Potential role of exogenous melatonin involved in postharvest quality maintenance of Vitis labrusca × vinifera ‘Kyoho’
Authors: Ban Zhaojun , Zhang Shuang , Niu Chenyu , Liu Lingling , Cao Kefeng , Li Li , Wu Zhengbao , Wang Luyin , Chen Cunkun , Zhu Yi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDMelatonin is an endogenous free radical scavenger with antioxidant activity that preserves the commercial value of postharvest fruits and delays fruit senescence. To explore the effect of exogenous melatonin on antioxidants and aroma volatile compounds of grapes (Vitis labrusca × vinifera ‘Kyoho’), the grapes were treated with distilled water (control), 50 μmol L−1 of melatonin (M50), and 100 μmol L−1 of melatonin (M100) for 30 min and were then stored at 4 °C for 25 days.RESULTSExogenous melatonin decreased the rachis browning index, the decay development, the weight loss rate, the berry abscission rate, and the respiration rate, promoted the accumulation of total phenolics and total flavonoids, and delayed the reduction of anthocyanins and total soluble solids. In volatile compounds, the accumulation of esters, aldehydes, and alcohols in grapes was promoted, and the terpenes content was reduced by exogenous melatonin.CONCLUSIONExogenous melatonin had potentially positive effects on the postharvest life and quality maintenance of grapes. These findings provide theoretical support for the application of melatonin in grape storage and preservation. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Three‐dimensional ultrasonography could be a potential non‐ionizing tool to evaluate vertebral rotation of subjects with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Lee Tin Yan , Yang De , Lai Kelly Ka‐Lee , Castelein Rene M. , Schlosser Tom P. C. , Chu Winnie , Lam Tsz‐Ping , Zheng Yong‐Ping 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThree‐dimensional (3D) ultrasonography is nonionizing and has been demonstrated to be a reliable tool for scoliosis assessment, including coronal and sagittal curvatures. It shows a great potential for axial vertebral rotation (AVR) evaluation, yet its validity and reliability need to be further demonstrated.Materials and MethodsTwenty patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) (coronal Cobb: 26.6 ± 9.1°) received 3D ultrasound scan for twice, 10 were scanned by the same operator, and the other 10 by different operators. EOS Bi‐planar x‐rays and 3D scan were conducted on another 29 patients on the same day. Two experienced 3D ultrasonographic researchers, with different experiences on AVR measurement, evaluated the 3D ultrasonographic AVR of the 29 patients (55 curves; coronal Cobb angle: 26.9 ± 11.3°). The gold standard AVR was determined from the 3D reconstruction of coronal and sagittal EOS radiographs. Intra‐class correlation coefficients (ICCs), mean absolute difference (MAD), standard error measurements (SEM), and Bland–Altman's bias were reported to evaluate the intra‐operator and inter‐operator/rater reliabilities of 3D ultrasonography. The reliability of 3D ultrasonographic AVR measurements was further validated using inter‐method with that of EOS.ResultsICCs for intra‐operator and inter‐operator/rater reliability assessment were all greater than 0.95. MAD, SEM, and bias for the 3D ultrasonographic AVRs were no more than 2.2°, 2.0°, and 0.5°, respectively. AVRs between both modalities were strongly correlated (R2 = 0.901) and not significantly different (p = 0.205). Bland–Altman plot also shows that the bias was less than 1°, with no proportional bias between the difference and mean of expected and radiographic Cobb angles.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that 3D ultrasonography is valid and reliable to evaluate AVR in AIS patients. 3D ultrasonography can be a potential tool for screening and following up subjects with AIS and evaluating the effectiveness of nonsurgical treatments.
Soil fungal community is more sensitive than bacterial to mining and reforestation in a tropical rainforest
Authors: Zhang Hui , He Mengfei , Pandey Shree Prakash , Liu Lan , Zhou Shurong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMining is a major threat for tropical rainforests as it induces rapid land degradation. Reforestation of mined areas is important to mitigate degradation and biodiversity losses. Microbial diversity, which serve as a good indicator of environmental perturbations, is crucial for reforestation and ecosystem functioning. Yet, limited information is available on how it is influenced by mining. We investigated the bacterial and fungal taxonomic alpha (richness and abundance) and beta diversities (Bray–Curtis dissimilarities (BCD)), root traits and nutrients among mined, undisturbed, and reforested soils in a tropical rainforest in Hainan Island (China). Soil organic matter (SOM) content was highly associated with bacterial and fungal abundances, fungal species richness, and BCD. Mining‐led vegetation removal largely reduced the SOM, and it decreased bacterial and fungal abundances, fungal species richness, and BCD. After using mined soil to plant multiple fast‐growing tree species, the root traits functioned at the levels of an original secondary forest, and it quickly recovered SOM. This process restored bacterial and fungal abundance, fungal species richness, and BCD to originally undisturbed levels. We further conclude that (i) soil fungal diversity in tropical rainforest is more sensitive to mining and reforestation than bacterial diversity. This could be attributed to largely reduced/increased SOM resulting from loss/gain in vegetation during mining/reforestation, respectively. (ii) Reduced SOM, after mining and removal of vegetation, has profound negative influences on tropical rainforest. (iii) Use of mined soil as a post‐mining substrate along with fast‐growing tree species ensures the recovery of SOM during reforestation, which alleviates the negative impacts of mining on tropical rainforests.
Tribological evaluation of PAO 100 oil‐based lithium greases with chemically functionalized nanoadditives
Authors: Kumar Homender , A. P. Harsha , Rawat Sooraj Singh 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe lubricating greases employed in this study were formulated with polyalphaolefin (PAO) 100 as the base oil and 12‐lithium hydroxystearate as the thickener. The sol–gel method was used to produce the LaF3 nanoadditives. The oleic acid‐treated LaF3 (i.e., OA‐LaF3) and carboxylic acid‐treated MWCNTs (i.e., COOH‐MWCNTs) were blended in the formulated grease samples and used as nanoadditives. The detailed microstructural and chemical properties of chemically treated nanoadditives were investigated using HR‐TEM, XRD, FTIR and XPS analyses. Using a four‐ball tester, the effect of different concentrations of nanoadditives on the tribo‐performance of greases was investigated. Tribo‐test results revealed the role of nanoadditives in PAO‐based grease lubrication performance. COOH‐MWCNTs and OA‐LaF3 nanoadditives outperformed PAO grease in terms of physicochemical and tribo‐performance for steel‐steel tribo‐pair. The improved tribo‐performance is attributed to the formation of tribo‐film on the contact interfaces via nanoadditives. The development of tribo‐film was confirmed by XPS analysis of worn surfaces.
Has the level of green finance development improved carbon emission performance?—Empirical evidence from China
Authors: Yan Chunxiao , Tan Qi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of green finance and carbon emission performance, as well as the mechanisms, using data from 30 Chinese provinces for the time frame of 2008–2018. The findings show that (1) the level of green finance development significantly enhances carbon emission performance, where industrial structure, foreign direct investment, and population density are all important control variables affecting carbon emission performance. (2) Energy consumption structure, green industry, and green patented technology are all mediating variables for the level of green finance development to enhance carbon emission performance. Meanwhile, the effects of green finance development on carbon emission performance are nonlinear under varying economic growth, industrial structure, and urbanization levels. (3) After addressing the spatial autocorrelation of carbon emission performance, the level of green finance development still significantly enhances carbon emission performance. (4) The level of green finance development in China's eastern provinces, pilot provinces of carbon emission trading, and provinces with abundant coal resources can more significantly enhance carbon emission performance. On this basis, this paper makes specific suggestions for green finance to enhance carbon emission performance.
Defining the Riddle in Order to Solve It: There Is More Than One “Parkinson's Disease”
Authors: Outeiro Tiago F. , Alcalay Roy N. , Antonini Angelo , Attems Johannes , Bonifati Vincenzo , Cardoso Francisco , Chesselet Marie‐Françoise , Hardy John , Madeo Graziella , McKeith Ian , Mollenhauer Brit , Moore Darren J. , Rascol Olivier , Schlossmacher Michael G. , Soreq Hermona , Stefanis Leonidas , Ferreira Joaquim J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundMore than 200 years after James Parkinsondescribed a clinical syndrome based on his astute observations, Parkinson's disease (PD) has evolved into a complex entity, akin to the heterogeneity of other complex human syndromes of the central nervous system such as dementia, motor neuron disease, multiple sclerosis, and epilepsy. Clinicians, pathologists, and basic science researchers evolved arrange of concepts andcriteria for the clinical, genetic, mechanistic, and neuropathological characterization of what, in their best judgment, constitutes PD. However, these specialists have generated and used criteria that are not necessarily aligned between their different operational definitions, which may hinder progress in solving the riddle of the distinct forms of PD and ultimately how to treat them.ObjectiveThis task force has identified current in consistencies between the definitions of PD and its diverse variants in different domains: clinical criteria, neuropathological classification, genetic subtyping, biomarker signatures, and mechanisms of disease. This initial effort for “defining the riddle” will lay the foundation for future attempts to better define the range of PD and its variants, as has been done and implemented for other heterogeneous neurological syndromes, such as stroke and peripheral neuropathy. We strongly advocate for a more systematic and evidence‐based integration of our diverse disciplines by looking at well‐defined variants of the syndrome of PD.ConclusionAccuracy in defining endophenotypes of “typical PD” across these different but interrelated disciplines will enable better definition of variants and their stratification in therapeutic trials, a prerequisite for breakthroughs in the era of precision medicine. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Reduced and Delayed Cerebrovascular Reactivity in Patients with Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Ryman Sephira G. , Shaff Nicholas , Dodd Andrew , Nitschke Stephanie , Wertz Christopher , Julio Kayla , Suarez Cedeno Gerson , Deligtisch Amanda , Erhardt Erik , Lin Henry , Vakhtin Andrei , Poston Kathleen L. , Tarawneh Rawan , Pirio Richardson Sarah , Mayer Andrew 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundCerebrovascular dysfunction in Parkinson's disease (PD) is heterogeneous and may contribute to disease pathophysiology or progression. There is a need to understand the mechanisms by which cerebrovascular dysfunction is altered in participants with PD.ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to test the hypothesis that participants with PD exhibit a significant reduction in the ability of the cerebral vessels to dilate in response to vasoactive challenges relative to healthy controls (HC).MethodsThe current study uses a vasodilatory challenge while participants undergo functional magnetic resonance imaging to quantify the amplitude and delay of cerebrovascular reactivity in participants with PD relative to age and sex‐matched HC. An analysis of covariance was used to evaluate differences in cerebrovascular reactivity amplitude and latency between PD participants and HC.ResultsA significant main effect of group was observed for whole‐brain cerebrovascular reactivity amplitude (F(1, 28) = 4.38, p = 0.046, Hedge's g = 0.73) and latency (F(1, 28) = 16.35, p < 0.001, Hedge's g = 1.42). Participants with PD exhibited reduced whole‐brain amplitude and increased latencies in cerebrovascular reactivity relative to HC. The evaluation of regional effects indicates that the largest effects were observed in the cuneus, precuneus, and parietal regions.ConclusionsPD participants exhibited reduced and delayed cerebrovascular reactivity. This dysfunction may play an important role in chronic hypoxia, neuroinflammation, and protein aggregation, mechanisms that could lead to disease progression. Cerebrovascular reactivity may serve as an important biomarker and target for future interventions. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
The Endotoxin Hypothesis of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Brown Guy C. , Camacho Marta , Williams‐Gray Caroline H. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe endotoxin hypothesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is the idea that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxins contribute to the pathogenesis of this disorder. LPS endotoxins are found in, and released from, the outer membrane of Gram‐negative bacteria, for example in the gut. It is proposed that gut dysfunction in early PD leads to elevated LPS levels in the gut wall and blood, which promotes both α‐synuclein aggregation in the enteric neurons and a peripheral inflammatory response. Communication to the brain via circulating LPS and cytokines in the blood and/or the gut–brain axis leads to neuroinflammation and spreading of α‐synuclein pathology, exacerbating neurodegeneration in brainstem nuclei and loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, and manifesting in the clinical symptoms of PD. The evidence supporting this hypothesis includes: (1) gut dysfunction, permeability, and bacterial changes occur early in PD, (2) serum levels of LPS are increased in a proportion of PD patients, (3) LPS induces α‐synuclein expression, aggregation, and neurotoxicity, (4) LPS causes activation of peripheral monocytes leading to inflammatory cytokine production, and (5) blood LPS causes brain inflammation and specific loss of midbrain dopaminergic neurons, mediated by microglia. If the hypothesis is correct, then treatment options might include: (1) changing the gut microbiome, (2) reducing gut permeability, (3) reducing circulating LPS levels, or (4) blocking the response of immune cells and microglia to LPS. However, the hypothesis has a number of limitations and requires further testing, in particular whether reducing LPS levels can reduce PD incidence, progression, or severity. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Present and future of pure shift NMR in metabolomics
Authors: Chen Xi , Bertho Gildas , Caradeuc Cédric , Giraud Nicolas , Lucas‐Torres Covadonga 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNMR is one of the most powerful techniques for the analysis of biological samples in the field of metabolomics. However, the high complexity of fluids, tissues, or other biological materials taken from living organisms is still a challenge for state‐of‐the‐art pulse sequences, thereby limiting the detection, the identification, and the quantification of metabolites. In this context, the resolution enhancement provided by broadband homonuclear decoupling methods, which allows for simplifying 1H multiplet patterns into singlets, has placed this so‐called pure shift technique as a promising approach to perform metabolic profiling with unparalleled level of detail. In recent years, the many advances achieved in the design of pure shift experiments has paved the way to the analysis of a wide range of biological samples with ultra‐high resolution. This review leads the reader from the early days of the main pure shift methods that have been successfully developed over the last decades to address complex samples, to the most recent and promising applications of pure shift NMR to the field of NMR‐based metabolomics.
National validation of the nursing Intensive‐Care satisfaction scale: Research protocol
Authors: Alcalá‐Jiménez Isidro , Delgado‐Hito Pilar , Benito‐Aracil Llúcia , Martínez‐Momblan María Antonia , Muñóz‐Rey Pilar , Otero‐García Irene , Sánchez‐Pamplona Cristina , Romero‐García Marta 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimValidate the Nursing Intensive‐Care Satisfaction Scale in ICUs throughout Spain. Identify the improvement strategies recommended by the patients and professionals.DesignQuantitative psychometric methodology and a cross‐sectional descriptive correlational design.MethodsThe study population will be all patients discharged from 19 participating ICUs in Spain. Consecutive sampling (n = 564). Once discharged from the ICUs, they will receive the questionnaire and then, after 48 hours it will be given to them again to analyse the temporal stability. To validate the questionnaire, the internal consistency (Cronbach's Alpha) and temporal stability (test–retest) will be analysed.ResultsImprove the quality of nursing care by modifying, changing or strengthening behaviours, skills, attitudes or areas for improvement involved in the process.
Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 therapy in people with obesity restores natural killer cell metabolism and effector function
Authors: De Barra Conor , Khalil Mohammed , Mat Arimin , O'Donnell Cliona , Shaamile Ferrah , Brennan Kiva , O'Shea Donal , Hogan Andrew E. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivePeople with obesity (PWO) have functionally defective natural killer (NK) cells, with a decreased capacity to produce cytokines and kill target cells, underpinned by defective cellular metabolism. It is plausible that the changes in peripheral NK cell activity are contributing to the multimorbidity in PWO, which includes an increased risk of cancer. This study investigated whether therapy with long‐acting glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) analogues, which are an effective treatment for obesity, could restore NK cell functionality in PWO.MethodsIn a cohort of 20 PWO, this study investigated whether 6 months of once weekly GLP‐1 therapy (semaglutide) could restore human NK cell function and metabolism using multicolor flow cytometry, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays, and cytotoxicity assays.ResultsThese data demonstrate that PWO who received GLP‐1 therapy have improved NK cell function, as measured by cytotoxicity and interferon‐γ/granzyme B production. In addition, the study demonstrates increases in a CD98‐mTOR‐glycolysis metabolic axis, which is critical for NK cell cytokine production. Finally, it shows that the reported improvements in NK cell function appear to be independent of weight loss.ConclusionsThe restoration, by GLP‐1 therapy, of NK cell functionality in PWO may be contributing to the overall benefits being seen with this class of medication.
Layperson Perception of Reflux‐Related Symptoms
Authors: Fischer Jakob L. , Tolisano Anthony M. , Navarro Alvaro I. , Trinh Lily , Abuzeid Waleed M. , Humphreys Ian M. , Akbar Nadeem A. , Shah Sharan , Schneider John S. , Riley Charles A. , McCoul Edward D. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess for differences of intended meaning in the description of reflux‐related symptoms among otolaryngology patients and clinicians.Study DesignCross‐sectional survey‐based study.SettingFive tertiary, academic otolaryngology practices.MethodsBetween June 2020 and July 2022, a questionnaire consisting of 20 common descriptors of reflux‐related symptoms within four domains (throat‐, chest‐, stomach‐, and sensory‐related symptoms) was completed by patients. Attending otolaryngologists at five academic medical centers then completed the same survey. The primary outcome was to assess differences in patient and clinician perceptions of reflux‐related symptoms. Differences based on geographic location was a secondary outcome.ResultsA total of 324 patients and 27 otolaryngologists participated. Patients selected a median of six terms compared with 10.5 for otolaryngologists (p < .001). Otolaryngologists were more likely to select sensory symptoms (difference: 35.8%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 19.2%, 52.4%), throat‐related symptoms (32.4%; 21.2, 43.6%), and chest‐related symptoms (12.4%; 8.8, 15.9). Otolaryngologists and patients were equally likely to consider stomach symptoms as related to reflux (4.0%, −3.7%, 11.7%). No significant differences were identified based on geographic location.ConclusionThere are differences between otolaryngologists and their patients in the interpretation of the symptoms of reflux. Patients tended to have a narrower interpretation of reflux with symptoms primarily limited to classic stomach‐related symptoms, while clinicians tended to have a broader definition of reflux that included extra‐esophageal manifestations of disease. This has important counseling implications for the clinician, as patients presenting with reflux symptoms may not comprehend the relationship of those symptoms to reflux disease.