bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Content Analysis of Emoji and Emoticon Use in Clinical Texting Systems
Authors: Halverson Colin M. E. , Donnelly Claire E. , Weiner Michael , Lee Joy L. 
Published: June 2023

ImportanceEmoji and emoticons are quickly becoming an omnipresent feature of virtual communication. As health care systems increasingly adopt clinical texting applications, it is critical to understand how clinicians use these ideograms with colleagues and how it may affect their interactions.ObjectiveTo evaluate the functions that emoji and emoticons serve in clinical text messages.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis qualitative study’s content analysis of clinical text messages from a secure clinical messaging platform was conducted to assess the communicative function of emoji and emoticons. The analysis included messages sent by hospitalists to other health care clinicians. A subset of a random 1% sample of all message threads, which included at least 1 emoji or emoticon, on a clinical texting system used by a large, Midwestern US hospital from July 2020 until March 2021 were analyzed. A total of 80 hospitalists participated in the candidate threads.Main OutcomesWhether and what kind of emoji or emoticon was deployed in each reviewed thread was tabulated by the study team. The communicative function of each emoji and emoticon was assessed according to a prespecified coding scheme.ResultsA total of 80 hospitalists (49 [61%] male; 30 [37%] Asian, 5 [6%] Black or African American, 2 [3%] Hispanic or Latinx, 42 [53%] White; of 41 with age data, 13 [32%] aged 25-34 years, 19 [46%] aged 35-44 years) participated in the 1319 candidate threads. Within the sample of 1319 threads, 7% of threads (155 unique messages) contained at least 1 emoji or emoticon. The majority (94 [61%]) functioned emotively, that is, conveyed the internal state of the sender, and 49 (32%) served to open, maintain, or close communication. No evidence was identified that they caused confusion or were seen as inappropriate.Conclusions and RelevanceThis qualitative study found that when clinicians use emoji and emoticons in secure clinical texting systems, these symbols function primarily to convey new and interactionally salient information. These results suggest that concerns about the professionalism of emoji and emoticon use may be unwarranted.
Petillius Cerialis Caesius Rufus, Quintus
Authors: Curran John 
Published: June 2023

AbstractQ. Petillius Cerialis Caesius Rufus (ca. 30ce–post 74ce) was a Roman general of the first centurycewho enjoyed a mixed military reputation but who nevertheless managed to negotiate successfully the perilous politics that followed the death of Nero, the last of the Julio‐Claudian emperors.
Cato, Marcus Porcius (Cato the Elder)
Authors: Gibbs Geordan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Marcus Porcius Cato, or Cato the Elder, was a prominent statesman, orator, and writer from Rome's mid‐republican period. The designation “Elder” is used to distinguish him from his great‐grandson of the same name, Cato the Younger. The Elder Cato is also known as the “Censor” (
Censorius
) and the “Wise” (
Sapiens
). His career began during the Second Punic War (218–201
bce
) and ended with his death in 149 at the outset of the Third Punic War (149–146), a war he famously encouraged with the refrain commonly translated as “Carthage must be destroyed” (Aur. Vict.
De vir. ill
. 47.8; Plin.
HN
15.74).
Guest‐friendship (
hospitium
)
Authors: Wilker Julia 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Guest‐friendship was a prominent and consistent feature in ancient Greek, Hellenistic, and Roman cultures and beyond. By definition,
xenía
(
xení
ē,
xeiníē
) and
hospitium
describe firmly established interpersonal bonds between individuals of different communities. Guest‐friendship provided the basis for relationships between individuals across communal, political, and geographical boundaries and remained fundamental to individual travel, the exchange of goods, ideas, and news as well as interstate relations (Herman 1987; Mitchell 1997). As “ritualized friendships” (Herman 1987), these ties were defined by a notion of permanence, reciprocity, and mutual obligation.
Hattic language
Authors: Goedegebuure Petra 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Hattic was spoken by the pre‐Hittite population of Central Anatolia of the late third to mid‐second millennium
bce.
Never recorded in writing by its native speakers, it was only preserved by the Hittites for cultic purposes. With the help of a few bilingual texts, the language has been only partially deciphered and many questions of lexicon and grammar remain. Both its syntactic alignment and its genetic affiliation are under debate: Hattic is classified as accusative, ergative, active, or combinations thereof, and it is considered an isolate, Northwest Caucasian, or a branch of Sino‐Caucasian.
Labarna
Authors: Goedegebuure Petra 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Labarna, with its variant Tabarna, was a royal title borne by all Hittite kings, with the exception of Suppiluliuma I and Mursili II. As of the mid‐late thirteenth century
bce
it was written with a special Anatolian hieroglyph on royal seals and in Luwian inscriptions. Its etymology is still under debate. Both Hattic and Luwian origins have been proposed.
Shamshi‐Adad and sons
Authors: Villard Pierre 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Samsī‐Addu, whose name is Assyrianized to Šamšī‐Adad in the Assyrian King List, was a king of Ekallatum, a city he took in 1811
bce
. A series of conquests in upper Mesopotamia allowed him to control vast territories, between the loop of the Euphrates and the Zagros Mountains. In the last decades of his long reign, he gave two of his sons vast apanages: Išme‐Dagan received the “Banks‐of‐the‐Tigris” around Ekallatum and Yasmah‐Addu Mari the “Banks‐of‐the‐Euphrates.” He died around 1776
bce
and while Yasmah‐Addu disappeared at the same time, Išme‐Dagan managed to maintain himself in Ekallatum.
AAAI‐MAKE 2023: Challenges requiring the combination of machine learning and knowledge engineering
Authors: Martin Andreas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe AAAI 2023 Spring Symposium on Challenges Requiring the Combination of Machine Learning and Knowledge Engineering was held at the Hyatt Regency, San Francisco Airport, California, USA, from March 27‐29, 2023. The symposium gathered researchers and practitioners from machine learning and knowledge engineering to reflect on how combining the two fields can contribute to tackling future AI challenges. The symposium featured a joint keynote presentation by AI pioneers, over 25 presentations by contributors and authors who presented papers, datasets, ontologies, and research findings, and two novel challenges proposed to be solved by the community in a follow‐up event.
Tissue‐Engineered Cochlear Fibrosis Model Links Complex Impedance to Fibrosis Formation for Cochlear Implant Patients
Authors: de Rijk Simone R. , Boys Alexander J. , Roberts Iwan V. , Jiang Chen , Garcia Charlotte , Owens Róisín M. , Bance Manohar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCochlear implants are a life‐changing technology for those with severe sensorineural hearing loss, partially restoring hearing through direct electrical stimulation of the auditory nerve. However, they are known to elicit an immune response resulting in fibrotic tissue formation in the cochlea that is linked to residual hearing loss and suboptimal outcomes. Intracochlear fibrosis is difficult to track without postmortem histology, and no specific electrical marker for fibrosis exists. In this study, a tissue‐engineered model of cochlear fibrosis is developed following implant placement to examine the electrical characteristics associated with fibrotic tissue formation around electrodes. The model is characterized using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and an increase in the resistance and a decrease in capacitance of the tissue using a representative circuit are found. This result informs a new marker of fibrosis progression over time that is extractable from voltage waveform responses, which can be directly measured in cochlear implant patients. This marker is tested in a small sample size of recently implanted cochlear implant patients, showing a significant increase over two postoperative timepoints. Using this system, complex impedance is demonstrated as a marker of fibrosis progression that is directly measurable from cochlear implants to enable real‐time tracking of fibrosis formation in patients, creating opportunities for earlier treatment intervention to improve cochlear implant efficacy.
Emerging Spintronic Materials and Functionalities
Authors: Guo Lidan , Hu Shunhua , Gu Xianrong , Zhang Rui , Wang Kai , Yan Wenjing , Sun Xiangnan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe explosive growth of the information era has put forward urgent requirements for ultrahigh‐speed and extremely efficient computations. In direct contrary to charge‐based computations, spintronics aims to use spins as information carriers for data storage, transmission, and decoding, to help fully realize electronic device miniaturization and high integration for next‐generation computing technologies. Currently, many novel spintronic materials have been developed with unique properties and multifunctionalities, including organic semiconductors (OSCs), organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs), and 2D materials (2DMs). These materials are useful to fulfill the demand for developing diverse and advanced spintronic devices. Herein, these promising materials are systematically reviewed for advanced spintronic applications. Due to the distinct chemical and physical structures of OSCs, OIHPs, and 2DMs, their spintronic properties (spin transport and spin manipulation) are discussed separately. In addition, some multifunctionalities due to photoelectric and chiral‐induced spin selectivity (CISS) are overviewed, including the spin‐filter effect, spin‐photovoltaics, spin‐light emitting devices, and spin‐transistor functions. Subsequently, challenges and future perspectives of using these multifunctional materials for the development of advanced spintronics are presented.
Precision Covalent Organic Frameworks for Surface Nucleation Control
Authors: Singh Vikramjeet , Zhang Jianhui , Chen Jianan , Salzmann Christoph G. , Tiwari Manish K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUnwanted accumulation of ice and lime scale crystals on surfaces is a long‐standing challenge with major economic and sustainability implications. Passive inhibition of icing and scaling by liquid‐repellent surfaces are often inadequate, susceptible to surface failure under harsh conditions, and unsuitable for long‐term/real‐life usages. Such surfaces often require a multiplicity of additional features such as optical transparency, robust impact resistance, and ability to prevent contamination from low surface energy liquids. Unfortunately, most promising advances have relied on using perfluoro compounds, which are bio‐persistent and/or highly toxic. Here it is shown that organic, reticular mesoporous structures, covalent organic frameworks (COFs), may offer a solution. By exploiting simple and scalable synthesis of defect‐free COFs and rational post‐synthetic functionalization, nanocoatings with precision nanoporosity (morphology) are prepared that can inhibit nucleation at the molecular level without compromising the related contamination prevention and robustness. The results offer a simple strategy to exploit the nanoconfinement effect, which remarkably delays the nucleation of ice and scale formation on surfaces. Ice nucleation is suppressed down to −28 °C, scale formation is avoided for >2 weeks in supersaturated conditions, and jets of organic solvents impacting at Weber numbers >105 are resisted with surfaces that also offer optical transparency (>92%).
Inhalable Capsular Polysaccharide‐Camouflaged Gallium‐Polyphenol Nanoparticles Enhance Lung Cancer Chemotherapy by Depleting Local Lung Microbiota
Authors: Han Zi‐Yi , Chen Qi‐Wen , Zheng Di‐Wei , Chen Ke‐Wei , Huang Qian‐Xiao , Zhuang Ze‐Nan , Zhang Xian‐Zheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLocal lung microbiota is closely associated with lung tumorigenesis and therapeutic response. It is found that lung commensal microbes induce chemoresistance in lung cancer by directly inactivating therapeutic drugs via biotransformation. Accordingly, an inhalable microbial capsular polysaccharide (CP)‐camouflaged gallium‐polyphenol metal–organic network (MON) is designed to eliminate lung microbiota and thereby abrogate microbe‐induced chemoresistance. As a substitute for iron uptake, Ga3+ released from MON acts as a “Trojan horse” to disrupt bacterial iron respiration, effectively inactivating multiple microbes. Moreover, CP cloaks endow MON with reduced immune clearance by masquerading as normal host‐tissue molecules, significantly increasing residence time in lung tissue for enhanced antimicrobial efficacy. In multiple lung cancer mice models, microbe‐induced drug degradation is remarkably inhibited when drugs are delivered by antimicrobial MON. Tumor growth is sufficiently suppressed and mouse survival is prolonged. The work develops a novel microbiota‐depleted nanostrategy to overcome chemoresistance in lung cancer by inhibiting local microbial inactivation of therapeutic drugs.
Homogeneous Phase Distribution in Q‐2D Perovskites via Co‐Assembly of Spacer Cations for Efficient Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Guo Zhenyu , Liang Yin , Ni Dongyuan , Li Liang , Liu Shaocheng , Zhang Yu , Chen Qi , Zhang Qing , Wang Qian , Zhou Huanping 
Published: June 2023

AbstractQuasi‐2D (Q‐2D) perovskites are promising candidates to apply in light‐emitting diodes (LEDs). However, delicate control on crystallization kinetics is needed to suppress severe phase segregation. Here, the crystallization kinetics of Q‐2D perovskites are investigated via in situ absorbance spectroscopy and for the first time find the multiphase distribution is governed by the arrangement, rather than diffusion, of spacer cations at the nucleation stage, which associate with its assembling ability determined by molecular configuration. A “co‐assembly” strategy is conceived by combining co‐cations with different configuration characteristics, where bulky cations disturb the assembling between slender cations and lead–bromide sheet, contributing to homogeneous emitting phase with effective passivation. Correspondingly, in the phenylethylammonium (PEA+)‐based Q‐2D perovskites (<n> = 3), homogeneous phase distribution is achieved by incorporating co‐cation triphenylmethaneammonium (TPMA+), the branching terminals of which suppress cations assembling into low‐n phases and afford adequate cations as passivating ligands. Therefore, the champion external quantum efficiency of the LED device reaches 23.9%, which is among the highest performance of green Q‐2D perovskite LEDs. This work reveals that the arrangement of spacer cations determines the crystallization kinetics in Q‐2D perovskites, providing further guidance on the molecular design and phase modulation of Q‐2D perovskites.
A Photomodulable Bacteriophage‐Spike Nanozyme Enables Dually Enhanced Biofilm Penetration and Bacterial Capture for Photothermal‐Boosted Catalytic Therapy of MRSA Infections
Authors: Wu Haibin , Wei Min , Hu Shen , Cheng Pu , Shi Shuhan , Xia Fan , Xu Lenan , Yin Lina , Liang Guang , Li Fangyuan , Ling Daishun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNanozymes, featuring intrinsic biocatalytic effects and broad‐spectrum antimicrobial properties, are emerging as a novel antibiotic class. However, prevailing bactericidal nanozymes face a challenging dilemma between biofilm penetration and bacterial capture capacity, significantly impeding their antibacterial efficacy. Here, this work introduces a photomodulable bactericidal nanozyme (ICG@hMnOx), composed of a hollow virus‐spiky MnOx nanozyme integrated with indocyanine green, for dually enhanced biofilm penetration and bacterial capture for photothermal‐boosted catalytic therapy of bacterial infections. ICG@hMnOx demonstrates an exceptional capability to deeply penetrate biofilms, owing to its pronounced photothermal effect that disrupts the compact structure of biofilms. Simultaneously, the virus‐spiky surface significantly enhances the bacterial capture capacity of ICG@hMnOx. This surface acts as a membrane‐anchored generator of reactive oxygen species and a glutathione scavenger, facilitating localized photothermal‐boosted catalytic bacterial disinfection. Effective treatment of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus‐associated biofilm infections is achieved using ICG@hMnOx, offering an appealing strategy to overcome the longstanding trade‐off between biofilm penetration and bacterial capture capacity in antibacterial nanozymes. This work presents a significant advancement in the development of nanozyme‐based therapies for combating biofilm‐related bacterial infections.
Consumers bahavior towards the country of origin labeling policy: The case of the pasta market in Italy
Authors: Boncinelli Fabio , Dominici Andrea , Bondioni Federico , Marone Enrico 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the effect on the demand of pasta following the introduction of the mandatory country of origin labeling for wheat in Italy. This regulation opened a debate between producers, farmers, and consumer organizations on the opportunity posed by this policy. Using an online survey with a choice experiment conducted on 551 Italian pasta consumers, we demonstrated that consumers strongly approve this mandatory policy. This support suggests that place of wheat origin is relevant in driving the pasta choices of consumers and that they are willing to pay a premium price for pasta made with Italian wheat. Moreover, the extra utility that the consumers receive from purchasing pasta made with locally produced wheat is due by their support for the farmers and the agriculture sector [EconLit Citations: D12, Q13, Q18].
Instantaneous Free Radical Scavenging by CeO2 Nanoparticles Adjacent to the Fe−N4 Active Sites for Durable Fuel Cells
Authors: Cheng Xiaoyang , Jiang Xiaotian , Yin Shuhu , Ji Lifei , Yan Yani , Li Guang , Huang Rui , Wang Chongtai , Liao Honggang , Jiang Yanxia , Sun Shigang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo achieve the Fe−N−C materials with both high activity and durability in proton exchange membrane fuel cells, the attack of free radicals on Fe−N4 sites must be overcome. Herein, we report a strategy to effectively eliminate radicals at the source to mitigate the degradation by anchoring CeO2 nanoparticles as radicals scavengers adjacent (Scaad‐CeO2) to the Fe−N4 sites. Radicals such as ⋅OH and HO2⋅ that form at Fe−N4 sites can be instantaneously eliminated by adjacent CeO2, which shortens the survival time of radicals and the regional space of their damage. As a result, the CeO2 scavengers in Fe−NC/Scaad‐CeO2 achieved ∼80 % elimination of the radicals generated at the Fe−N4 sites. A fuel cell prepared with the Fe−NC/Scaad‐CeO2 showed a smaller peak power density decay after 30,000 cycles determined with US DOE PGM‐relevant AST, increasing the decay of Fe−NCPhen from 69 % to 28 % decay.
High‐molecular‐weight DNA extraction for long‐read sequencing of plant genomes: An optimization of standard methods
Authors: Kang Myoungbo , Chanderbali Andre , Lee Seungyeon , Soltis Douglas E. , Soltis Pamela S. , Kim Sangtae 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPremiseDeveloping an effective and easy‐to‐use high‐molecular‐weight (HMW) DNA extraction method is essential for genomic research, especially in the era of third‐generation sequencing. To efficiently use technologies capable of generating long‐read sequences, it is important to maximize both the length and purity of the extracted DNA; however, this is frequently difficult to achieve with plant samples.Methods and ResultsWe present a HMW DNA extraction method that combines (1) a nuclei extraction method followed by (2) a traditional cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) DNA extraction method for plants with optimized extraction conditions that influence HMW DNA recovery. Our protocol produced DNA fragments (percentage of fragments >20 kbp) that were, on average, ca. five times longer than those obtained using a commercial kit, and contaminants were removed more effectively.ConclusionsThis effective HMW DNA extraction protocol can be used as a standard protocol for a diverse array of taxa, which will enhance plant genomic research.
Set membership filtering for discrete saturated time‐varying networked systems with incomplete measurements under round‐robin protocol
Authors: Han Cong , Chen Dongyan , Hu Jun , Yu Hui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the set membership filtering problem is investigated for a class of discrete networked systems with time delay and state saturation under the round‐robin (RR) protocol, where the system noise is unknown but bounded. In order to reduce the communication burden, the RR protocol is used to schedule the measurement information of the system. In addition, the incompleteness of the measurement information is considered. A set membership filter is established based on incomplete measurements. The objective is to give a criterion that the filtering error is confined to the ellipsoidal set by using the recursive linear matrix inequality (RLMI) method. Moreover, a convex optimization method is proposed to minimize the obtained ellipsoids. Finally, a numerical simulation illustrates that the designed set membership filtering scheme is effective.
Recursive system identification method from binary input/output measurements
Authors: Oualla Hicham , Pouliquen Mathieu , Frikel Miloud , Safi Said 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper presents two online identification algorithms of finite impulse response (FIR) systems using binary measurements both on the input and on the output. These algorithms are based on the least mean square (LMS) technique and on the estimation of the correlation functions of the input and output from binary data. Note that the second algorithm is a simplified version of the first one in the case of a white noise on the input. The convergence and variance analyses are provided. A numerical example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
Oxidative balance scores and neural crest cell‐related congenital anomalies
Authors: Carmichael Suzan L. , Yang Wei , Ma Chen , Desrosiers Tania A. , Weber Kari , Collins R. T. , Nestoridi Eirini , Shaw Gary M. ,   The National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Published: June 2023

AbstractOxidative stress and redox imbalance adversely affect embryonic development. We developed two oxidative balance scores (OBS) that include dietary and nondietary exposures. We hypothesized that higher scores (i.e., lower oxidative stress) would be associated with lower risk of neural tube defects, orofacial clefts, conotruncal heart defects, and limb deficiencies. We used data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study to create a dietary OBS based on intake of 13 nutrients and an overall OBS that included the 13 nutrients and eight additional nondietary factors related to oxidative balance (e.g., smoking). We used logistic regression to examine odds ratios associated with having low or high scores (i.e., <10th or >90th percentiles). Continuous models indicated reduced odds associated with high versus low scores (i.e., comparing odds at the 90th versus 10th percentile values of the distribution) on the overall OBS for cleft lip with or without cleft palate [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.72, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.63–0.82], longitudinal limb deficiency (aOR 0.73, CI 0.54–0.99), and transverse limb deficiency (aOR 0.74, CI 0.58–0.95); increased odds for anencephaly (aOR 1.40, CI 1.07–1.84); and primarily nonsignificant associations with conotruncal heart defects. Results for the dietary OBS were similar. This study provides some evidence that oxidative stress contributes to congenital anomalies related to neural crest cell development.