bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between childbirth-related fear, childbirth readiness, and fertility intentions, and childbirth readiness as the mediator
Authors: Zeng Tieying , Li Bingbing , Zhang Ke , Chen Ye , Yuan Mengmei , Wu Meiliyang , Zhao Huimin , Zhu Zining , Ju Dandan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Fertility intentions have been proved to be a reliable predictor of actual fertility behaviour. Also, childbirth-related fear (CBRF) has been proven to be negatively associated with childbirth readiness and fertility intentions among women, while childbirth readiness was positively related to fertility intentions. However, the associations and potential mechanisms between CBRF, childbirth readiness, and fertility intentions remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate the unique association between CBRF, childbirth readiness, and fertility intentions and whether childbirth readiness would mediate the relationship between CBRF and fertility intentions.

Method
A cross-sectional study of women (N = 1119, aged 16–53 years) who gave birth within 72 h was conducted. Using a convenience sampling, women were recruited from obstetric wards—10 comprehensive hospitals and 3 specialized hospitals in 7 provinces in mainland China. Pearson correlation was used to examine the relationship between CBRF, childbirth readiness, fertility intentions, and social support. Multivariate linear regression was further used to analyze the association between demographic and personal characteristics, CBRF, childbirth readiness, and fertility intentions. Mediation analysis was used to examine whether childbirth readiness mediates the relationship between CBRF and fertility intentions.

Results
Women with high childbirth readiness (β = 0.09, P = 0.002) had higher fertility intentions. However, women with high CBRF (β = − 0.17, P < 0.001) were more likely to have lower fertility intentions. CBRF had both direct and indirect effects on the level of fertility intentions. As predicted, childbirth readiness mediated the relationship between CBRF and the level of fertility intentions (estimate = − 0.012, 95% bootstrap CI: − 0.021 to − 0.005). Higher CBRF was associated with lower scores of childbirth readiness, which was associated with lower levels of fertility intentions.

Conclusions
This study established the evidence that CBRF had both direct and indirect effects on the level of fertility intentions and childbirth readiness mediated the relationship between CBRF and the level of fertility intentions. Specifically, higher CBRF was associated with lower scores of childbirth readiness, which was associated with lower levels of fertility intentions. This finding suggested that it is important for health policymakers and health providers to pay more attention to improving women’s childbirth readiness, which might reduce the negative influence of CBRF on fertility intentions, thus strengthening their fertility intentions.
A year in review: brain barriers and brain fluids research in 2022
Authors: Keep Richard F. , Jones Hazel C. , Hamilton Mark G. , Drewes Lester R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis aim of this editorial is to highlight progress made in brain barrier and brain fluid research in 2022. It covers studies on the blood-brain, blood-retina and blood-CSF barriers (choroid plexus and meninges), signaling within the neurovascular unit and elements of the brain fluid systems. It further discusses how brain barriers and brain fluid systems are impacted in CNS diseases, their role in disease progression and progress being made in treating such diseases.
YY1 lactylation in microglia promotes angiogenesis through transcription activation-mediated upregulation of FGF2
Authors: Wang Xiaotang , Fan Wei , Li Na , Ma Yan , Yao Mudi , Wang Guoqing , He Siyuan , Li Wanqian , Tan Jun , Lu Qi , Hou Shengping 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Ocular neovascularization is a leading cause of blindness. Retinal microglia have been implicated in hypoxia-induced angiogenesis and vasculopathy, but the underlying mechanisms are not entirely clear. Lactylation is a novel lactate-derived posttranslational modification that plays key roles in multiple cellular processes. Since hypoxia in ischemic retinopathy is a precipitating factor for retinal neovascularization, lactylation is very likely to be involved in this process. The present study aimed to explore the role of lactylation in retinal neovascularization and identify new therapeutic targets for retinal neovascular diseases.

Results
Microglial depletion by the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) inhibitor PLX3397 suppresses retinal neovascularization in oxygen-induced retinopathy. Hypoxia increased lactylation in microglia and accelerates FGF2 expression, promoting retinal neovascularization. We identify 77 sites of 67 proteins with increased lactylation in the context of increased lactate under hypoxia. Our results show that the nonhistone protein Yin Yang-1 (YY1), a transcription factor, is lactylated at lysine 183 (K183), which is regulated by p300. Hyperlactylated YY1 directly enhances FGF2 transcription and promotes angiogenesis. YY1 mutation at K183 eliminates these effects. Overexpression of p300 increases YY1 lactylation and enhances angiogenesis in vitro and administration of the p300 inhibitor A485 greatly suppresses vascularization in vivo and in vitro.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that YY1 lactylation in microglia plays an important role in retinal neovascularization by upregulating FGF2 expression. Targeting the lactate/p300/YY1 lactylation/FGF2 axis may provide new therapeutic targets for proliferative retinopathies.
Intravenous antibiotics in preterm infants have a negative effect upon microbiome development throughout preterm life
Authors: Hutchinson R. A. , Costeloe K. L. , Wade W. G. , Millar M. R. , Ansbro K. , Stacey F. , Fleming P. F. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Intestinal dysbiosis is implicated in the origins of necrotising enterocolitis and late-onset sepsis in preterm babies. However, the effect of modulators of bacterial growth (e.g. antibiotics) upon the developing microbiome is not well-characterised.
In this prospectively-recruited, retrospectively-classified, case–control study, high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing was combined with contemporaneous clinical data collection, to assess the within-subject relationship between antibiotic administration and microbiome development, in comparison to preterm infants with minimal antibiotic exposure.

Results
During courses of antibiotics, diversity progression fell in comparison to that seen outside periods of antibiotic use (-0.71units/week vs. + 0.63units/week, p < 0.01); Enterobacteriaceae relative abundance progression conversely rose (+ 10.6%/week vs. -8.9%/week, p < 0.01). After antibiotic cessation, diversity progression remained suppressed (+ 0.2units/week, p = 0.02).

Conclusions
Antibiotic use has an acute and longer-lasting impact on the developing preterm intestinal microbiome. This has clinical implications with regard to the contribution of antibiotic use to evolving dysbiosis, and affects the interpretation of existing microbiome studies where this effect modulator is rarely accounted for.
The association between different physical activity levels and flexion-relaxation phenomenon in women: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Yangzheng , Pei Junjie , Li Changsheng , Wu Fangchao , Tao Yechao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
To investigate whether the flexion-relaxation phenomenon differs in women with different physical activity levels.

Methods
Seventy-two subjects were recruited for this study. The electromyographic activity of the erector spinae and multifidus muscles was recorded during a flexion task using a surface electromyographic device. The flexion-relaxation and extension-relaxation ratios were calculated. Participants were classified into different physical activity level groups based on their responses to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. A Welch analysis of variance was conducted to compare the flexion-relaxation ratio and extension-relaxation ratio between groups.

Results
A significant difference in the flexion-relaxation and extension-relaxation ratio was observed in both the erector spinae and multifidus muscles between different levels of physical activity.

Conclusions
In this study, we observed that female participants with high levels of physical activity showed a more pronounced flexion-relaxation phenomenon compared to those with moderate and low levels of physical activity. No significant difference was found between moderate and low physical activity levels. The findings of our study highlight the association between physical activity and the mechanics of the spinal stabilising muscles.
First draft genome and transcriptome of Cercosporidium personatum, causal agent of late leaf spot disease of peanut
Authors: Arias Renee S. , Dobbs John T. , Stewart Jane E. , Cantonwine Emily G. , Orner Valerie A. , Sobolev Victor S. , Lamb Marshall C. , Massa Alicia N. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveTwo main fungal leaf spot diseases occur in peanut, namely early leaf spot (ELS) and late leaf spot (LLS), these cause a yearly average of $44 million losses. Limited genetic information, 3534 bp of sequencing, exists about the causal agent of LLS,Cercosporidium personatum(syn.Nothopassalora personata, syn.Phaeoisariopsis personata). The extremely slow growth of this fungus, approximately 1 cm colony in 6 months, and challenges in nucleic acid extractions have hindered research on LLS. Our goal in this work is to provide a reference genome for research on this pathogen.ResultsWhole genome and transcriptome sequencing of the LLS fungus were obtained. A total of 233,542,110 reads of the genome were de novo assembled resulting in 1061 scaffolds, and estimated genome size 27,597,787 bp. RNA sequencing resulted in 11,848,198 reads that were de novo assembled into 13,343 contigs. Genome annotation resulted in 10,703 putative genes. BUSCO analysis of the genome and annotation resulted in 91.1% and 89.5% completeness, respectively. Phylogenetic dendrograms for 5442 bp and 4401 bp of RNA Polymerase II largest and second largest subunits, and for 5474 bp of the ribosomal RNA cistron ofC. personatumare presented in relation to closely related fungi.
Right-side diaphragmatic eventration with atrial septa defect and cleft palate in an infant: a case report
Authors: Aslamzai Mansoor , Rahmani Fazal Rahman , Hakimi Turyalai , Mukhlis Abdul Hakim , Froogh Basir Ahmad 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Congenital right-side diaphragmatic eventration with atrial septal defect and cleft palate is a rare congenital anomaly.

Case presentation
We present a rare case of congenital right-sided diaphragmatic eventration along with atrial septal defect, cleft palate, pneumonia, and undernutrition in a 3-month-old Asian and Afghan girl. The clinical features were observed in the third month of life, and the diagnosis of these anomalies was established by the patient’s history, physical examination, chest X-ray, thoracic computed tomography, and echocardiography. Her condition was good after supportive treatment. Since the index case of diaphragmatic eventration was associated with congenital heart disease, cleft palate, and parental consanguinity, a genetic basis may have played an important role in the pathogenesis of this anomaly.

Conclusion
Eventration of the diaphragm may be diagnosed in early infancy, and genetic factors may contribute to its pathogenesis.
Metabolic profile of mesenchymal stromal cells and macrophages in the presence of polyethylene particles in a 3D model
Authors: Teissier Victoria , Gao Qi , Shen Huaishuang , Li Jiannan , Li Xueping , Huang Elijah Ejun , Kushioka Junichi , Toya Masakazu , Tsubosaka Masanori , Hirata Hirohito , Alizadeh Hossein Vahid , Maduka Chima V. , Contag Christopher H. , Yang Yunzhi Peter , Zhang Ning , Goodman Stuart B. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Continuous cross talk between MSCs and macrophages is integral to acute and chronic inflammation resulting from contaminated polyethylene particles (cPE); however, the effect of this inflammatory microenvironment on mitochondrial metabolism has not been fully elucidated. We hypothesized that (a) exposure to cPE leads to impaired mitochondrial metabolism and glycolytic reprogramming and (b) macrophages play a key role in this pathway.

Methods
We cultured MSCs with/without uncommitted M0 macrophages, with/without cPE in 3-dimensional gelatin methacrylate (3D GelMA) constructs/scaffolds. We evaluated mitochondrial function (membrane potential and reactive oxygen species—ROS production), metabolic pathways for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production (glycolysis or oxidative phosphorylation) and response to stress mechanisms. We also studied macrophage polarization toward the pro-inflammatory M1 or the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype and the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs.

Results
Exposure to cPE impaired mitochondrial metabolism of MSCs; addition of M0 macrophages restored healthy mitochondrial function. Macrophages exposed to cPE-induced glycolytic reprogramming, but also initiated a response to this stress to restore mitochondrial biogenesis and homeostatic oxidative phosphorylation. Uncommitted M0 macrophages in coculture with MSC polarized to both M1 and M2 phenotypes. Osteogenesis was comparable among groups after 21 days.

Conclusion
This work confirmed that cPE exposure triggers impaired mitochondrial metabolism and glycolytic reprogramming in a 3D coculture model of MSCs and macrophages and demonstrated that macrophages cocultured with MSCs undergo metabolic changes to maintain energy production and restore homeostatic metabolism.
Online learning for WHO priority diseases with pandemic potential: evidence from existing courses and preparing for Disease X
Authors: Utunen Heini , Tokar Anna , Dancante Mafalda , Piroux Corentin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundOpenWHO is the open-access learning platform of the World Health Organization (WHO) that provides online learning for health emergencies with essential health knowledge for emergencies. There is emphasis for courses on severe emerging diseases with epidemic and pandemic potential to help frontline health workers prevent, control and respond to infectious diseases. This research addresses the question of how the existing OpenWHO online courses on infectious disease were used in the countries of disease occurrence and how to prepare for disease X, a novel or unknown pathogen with pandemic potential.MethodsOpenWHO collects self-declared demographic data from learners among which there is data on geographical location of learners. Data in infectious disease courses use on OpenWHO was collected and examined and additionally information languages used in the outbreak locations was collected.ResultsFor most diseases in focus the online learning materials were used in countries with burden of disease. This suggests the learning material production needs to be targeted for outbreak and epidemic events.ConclusionsFindings inform the use of learning materials in disease outbreaks. Further, this use case data confirms learning providers need to add offerings in languages spoken in outbreak impacted areas.
Normalization of hepatic ChREBP activity does not protect against liver disease progression in a mouse model for Glycogen Storage Disease type Ia
Authors: Rutten Martijn G. S. , Lei Yu , Hoogerland Joanne H. , Bloks Vincent W. , Yang Hong , Bos Trijnie , Krishnamurthy Kishore A. , Bleeker Aycha , Koster Mirjam H. , Thomas Rachel E. , Wolters Justina C. , van den Bos Hilda , Mithieux Gilles , Rajas Fabienne , Mardinoglu Adil , Spierings Diana C. J. , de Bruin Alain , van de Sluis Bart , Oosterveer Maaike H. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Glycogen storage disease type 1a (GSD Ia) is an inborn error of metabolism caused by a defect in glucose-6-phosphatase (G6PC1) activity, which induces severe hepatomegaly and increases the risk for liver cancer. Hepatic GSD Ia is characterized by constitutive activation of Carbohydrate Response Element Binding Protein (ChREBP), a glucose-sensitive transcription factor. Previously, we showed that ChREBP activation limits non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in hepatic GSD Ia. As ChREBP has been proposed as a pro-oncogenic molecular switch that supports tumour progression, we hypothesized that ChREBP normalization protects against liver disease progression in hepatic GSD Ia.

Methods
Hepatocyte-specific G6pc knockout (L-G6pc−/−) mice were treated with AAV-shChREBP to normalize hepatic ChREBP activity.

Results
Hepatic ChREBP normalization in GSD Ia mice induced dysplastic liver growth, massively increased hepatocyte size, and was associated with increased hepatic inflammation. Furthermore, nuclear levels of the oncoprotein Yes Associated Protein (YAP) were increased and its transcriptional targets were induced in ChREBP-normalized GSD Ia mice. Hepatic ChREBP normalization furthermore induced DNA damage and mitotic activity in GSD Ia mice, while gene signatures of chromosomal instability, the cytosolic DNA-sensing cGAS-STING pathway, senescence, and hepatocyte dedifferentiation emerged.

Conclusions
In conclusion, our findings indicate that ChREBP activity limits hepatomegaly while decelerating liver disease progression and protecting against chromosomal instability in hepatic GSD Ia. These results disqualify ChREBP as a therapeutic target for treatment of liver disease in GSD Ia. In addition, they underline the importance of establishing the context-specific roles of hepatic ChREBP to define its therapeutic potential to prevent or treat advanced liver disease.
METTL3 facilitates immunosurveillance by inhibiting YTHDF2-mediated NLRC5 mRNA degradation in endometrial cancer
Authors: Zhan Lei , Zhang Jing , Zhang Jun-Hui , Liu Xiao-Jing , Guo Bao , Chen Jia-Hua , Tang Zhen-Hai , Wang Wen-Yan , Wang Qing-Yuan , Wei Bing , Cao Yun-Xia 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation is the most abundant chemical posttranscriptional modification of mRNA, and it is associated with the regulation of the immune response to tumors. However, the function of m6A modification in the immune response to endometrial cancer (EC) remains unknown. Our study investigated the immunological role of methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) in EC and the underlying molecular mechanism.

Methods
We investigated the correlation between the expression of METTL3 and CD8 by using an endometrial tissue microarray cohort. Next, we investigated the role and mechanism of METTL3 in the immune response to EC using a mouse tumor model and a CD8+ T cell-EC cell coculture system after METTL3 overexpression or depletion. Additionally, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), methylated RIP, and RNA stability experiments were used to investigate the mechanism underlying the function of METTL3 in immunosurveillance of EC.

Results
METTL3 levels were downregulated in EC patients, low levels of METTL3 were correlated with poor prognosis in EC patients. There was a positive correlation between METTL3 expression and CD8 expression. Overexpression of METTL3 in the EC cell and CD8+ T cell coculture system inhibited EC cell proliferation, migration, and promoted CD8+ T-cell proliferation, and in vivo, METTL3 overexpression increased CD8+ T cell proportions and inhibited EC progression; however, genetic depletion of METTL3 exerted the opposite effects. NLR family CARD domain-containing 5 (NLRC5) was identified as a target of METTL3-mediated m6A modification. The degradation of NLRC5 was increased by YTH domain-containing family 2 (YTHDF2).

Conclusions
Overall, METTL3, YTHDF2, and NLRC5 have potential to be the diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for EC. METTL3 facilitated the m6A modifications of NLRC5 and inhibited its degradation through a YTHDF2-dependent mechanism in EC. Genetic overexpression of METTL3 attenuated the immune evasion of EC by promoting NLRC5-mediated immunosurveillance, suggesting that the METTL3/YTHDF2/NLRC5 axis is a promising target of immunotherapy in EC.
Identification and validation of autophagy-related genes in Kawasaki disease
Authors: Zhu Hao , Xu Biao , Hu Cunshu , Li Aimin , Liao Qing 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology affecting mainly children. Studies have shown that the pathogenesis of KD may be related to autophagy. Using bioinformatics analysis, we assessed the significance of autophagy-related genes (ARGs) in KD.

Methods
Common ARGs were identified from the GeneCards Database, the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB), and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. ARGs were analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Furthermore, related microRNAs (miRNAs), transcription factors (TFs), and drug interaction network were predicted. The immune cell infiltration of ARGs in tissues was explored. Finally, we used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) to validate the diagnostic value and expression levels of ARGs in KD.

Results
There were 20 ARGs in total. GO analysis showed that ARGs were mainly rich in autophagy, macro-autophagy, and GTPase activity. KEGG analysis showed that ARGs were mainly rich in autophagy—animal and the collecting duct acid secretion pathway. The expression of WIPI1, WDFY3, ATP6V0E2, RALB, ATP6V1C1, GBA, C9orf72, LRRK2, GNAI3, and PIK3CB is the focus of PPI network. A total of 72 related miRNAs and 130 related TFs were predicted by miRNA and TF targeting network analyses. Ten pairs of gene–drug interaction networks were also predicted; immune infiltration analysis showed that SH3GLB1, ATP6V0E2, PLEKHF1, RALB, KLHL3, and TSPO were closely related to CD8 + T cells and neutrophils. The ROC curve showed that ARGs had good diagnostic value in KD. qRT-PCR showed that WIPI1 and GBA were significantly upregulated.

Conclusion
Twenty potential ARGs were identified by bioinformatics analysis, and WIPI1 and GBA may be used as potential drug targets and biomarkers.