bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ten Thousand Years of Magma Storage Preceding the Last Caldera-Forming Eruption of the Bandelier Magmatic System, New Mexico, USA
Authors: Meszaros Nicholas F , Gardner James E , Zimmerer Matthew J , Befus Kenneth S 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this study, we present new evidence for changes in magma storage conditions that preceded the 1232 ka caldera-forming eruption of the Bandelier magmatic system in the Jemez Mountains Volcanic Field. Using high precision 40Ar/39Ar sanidine dating we determine that at least eight rhyolites erupted within 8.6 ± 3.4 kyr of the ~400 km3 eruption that formed Valles caldera. Some of those rhyolites contain fayalite with or without biotite, others contain only biotite. An eruption of fayalite-bearing rhyolite at 1240.5 ± 2.1 ka ended an eruption hiatus of at least 100 kyr. Following that first post-hiatus episode of volcanism, at least four more eruptions of fayalite-bearing rhyolite and three eruptions of biotite-bearing rhyolite occurred prior to the caldera-forming eruption. We use phase equilibrium experiments and geothermobarometry to infer the storage conditions and processes that led to these differing crystal cargos and ultimately generated ~400 km3 of predominantly fayalite rhyolite ignimbrite (Tshirege Member of the Bandelier Tuff). We find that biotite-bearing rhyolites were stored at 695–750°C, 75–160 MPa, and at an oxygen fugacity more oxidizing than the quartz-fayalite-magnetite (QFM) buffer reaction. Fayalite-bearing rhyolites were similarly stored at 695–745°C and 70–190 MPa, but at more reducing conditions (${f}_{O_2}$≤ QFM). We suggest that the reduced, fayalite-bearing rhyolite was most likely produced via interaction of crystal-poor rhyolitic magma with a reducing, potentially Cl-bearing, and H2O-rich supercritical fluid phase. This fluid flux event was a key component of the substantial magmatic rejuvenation that enabled the mobilization of ~400 km3 of mostly fayalite-bearing rhyolite prior to not only the Tshirege event, but the older Otowi event as well.
Measuring Welfare and Inequality with Incomplete Price Information
Authors: Atkin David , Faber Benjamin , Fally Thibault , Gonzalez-Navarro Marco 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe propose and implement a new approach that allows us to estimate income-specific changes in household welfare in contexts where well-measured prices are not available for important subsets of consumption. Using rich but widely available expenditure survey microdata, we show that we can recover income-specific equivalent and compensating variations from horizontal shifts in what we call “relative Engel curves”—as long as preferences fall within the broad quasi-separable class (Gorman 1970, 1976). Our approach is flexible enough to allow for nonparametric estimation at each point of the income distribution. We apply the methodology to estimate inflation and welfare changes in rural India between 1987 and 2000. Our estimates reveal that lower rates of inflation for the rich erased the real income convergence found in the existing literature that uses the subset of consumption with well-measured prices to calculate inflation.
Lymphocyte subset phenotyping for the prediction of progression to inflammatory arthritis in anti-citrullinated-peptide antibody-positive at-risk individuals
Authors: Anioke Innocent , Duquenne Laurence , Parmar Rekha , Mankia Kulveer , Shuweihdi Farag , Emery Paul , Ponchel Frederique 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Inflammatory arthritis (IA) is considered the last stage of a disease continuum, where features of systemic autoimmunity can appear years before clinical synovitis. Time to progression to IA varies considerably between at-risk individuals, therefore the identification of biomarkers predictive of progression is of major importance. We previously reported on the value of three CD4+T cell subsets as biomarkers of progression. Here, we aim to establish the value of 18 lymphocyte subsets (LS) for predicting progression to IA.

Methods
Participants were recruited based on a new musculoskeletal complaint and being positive for anti-citrullinated-peptide antibody. Progression (over 10 years) was defined as the development of clinical synovitis. LS analysis was performed for lymphocyte lineages, naive/memory subsets, inflammation-related cells (IRC) and regulatory cells (Treg/B-reg). Modelling used logistic/Cox regressions.

Results
Of 210 patients included, 93 (44%) progressed to IA, 41/93 (44%) within 12 months (rapid progressors). A total of 5/18 LS were associated with progression [Treg/CD4-naïve/IRC (adjusted P &lt; 0.0001), CD8 (P = 0.021), B-reg (P = 0.015)] and three trends (NK-cells/memory-B-cells/plasmablasts). Unsupervised hierarchical clustering using these eight subsets segregated three clusters of patients, one cluster being enriched [63/109(58%)] and one poor [10/45(22%)] in progressors. Combining all clinical and LS variables, forward logistic regression predicted progression with accuracy = 85.7% and AUC = 0.911, selecting smoking/rheumatoid-factor/HLA-shared-epitope/tender-joint-count-78 and Treg/CD4-naive/CD8/NK-cells/B-reg/plasmablasts. To predict rapid progression, a Cox regression was performed resulting in a model combining smoking/rheumatoid factor and IRC/CD4-naive/Treg/NK-cells/CD8+T cells (AUC = 0.794).

Conclusion
Overall, progression was predicted by specific LS, suggesting potential triggers for events leading to the development of IA, while rapid progression was associated with a different set of subsets.
VIIShakespeare
Authors: Rendall Edward B M , Smith Peter J , Fairbanks Chloe , Stelzer Emanuel , Bell Shirley , Rivera Jennifer , O’brien Sheilagh Ilona , Baratta Luca 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis chapter has four sections: 1. Editions and Textual Studies; 2. Shakespeare in the Theatre; 3. Shakespeare on Screen; 4. Criticism. Section 1 is by Edward B. M. Rendall; section 2 is by Peter J. Smith; section 3 will resume next year; section 4(a) is by Chloe Fairbanks; section 4(b) is by Emanuel Stelzer; section 4(c) is by Shirley Bell; section 4(d) will resume next year; section 4(e) is by Jennifer Rivera; section 4(f) is by Sheilagh Ilona O’Brien; section 4(g) is by Luca Baratta.
ELAVL4 promotes the tumorigenesis of small cell lung cancer by stabilizing LncRNA LYPLAL1‐DT and enhancing profilin 2 activation
Authors: Li Shuxin , Lv Jianyi , Zhang Xing , Zhang Qiuyu , Li Zhihui , Lu Jing , Huo Xueyun , Guo Meng , Liu Xin , Gao Ran , Gong Jianan , Li Changlong , Li Weiying , Zhang Tongmei , Wang Jinghui , Chen Zhenwen , Du Xiaoyan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSmall cell lung cancer (SCLC) is one of the most malignant tumors that has an extremely poor prognosis. RNA‐binding protein (RBP) and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) have been shown to be key regulators during tumorigenesis as well as lung tumor progression. However, the role of RBP ELAVL4 and lncRNA LYPLAL1‐DT in SCLC remains unclear. In this study, we verified that lncRNA LYPLAL1‐DT acts as an SCLC oncogenic lncRNA and was confirmed in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, LYPLAL1‐DT negatively regulates the expression of miR‐204‐5p, leading to the upregulation of PFN2, thus, promoting SCLC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. ELAVL4 has been shown to enhance the stability of LYPLAL1‐DT and PFN2 mRNA. Our study reveals a regulatory pathway, where ELAVL4 stabilizes PFN2 and LYPLAL1‐DT with the latter further increasing PFN2 expression by blocking the action of miR‐204‐5p. Upregulated PFN2 ultimately promotes tumorigenesis and invasion in SCLC. These findings provide novel prognostic indicators as well as promising new therapeutic targets for SCLC.
Original Research: Oral Health Concerns of Female Breast Cancer Survivors on Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy
Authors: Park So-Hyun , Strauss Shiela M. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Oral complications from cancer treatments are among the adverse effects breast cancer survivors can face. Yet such complications are often overlooked in cancer survivorship care. Many breast cancer survivors are receiving adjuvant endocrine therapy, but there is limited understanding of potential oral complications from this therapy.

Purpose:
This study aimed to compare aspects of oral health in female breast cancer survivors who were taking adjuvant endocrine therapy with those of survivors not taking such therapy.

Methods:
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data collected from January 2009 through March 2020 were used for the analysis. Female adults ages 20 years and older who had been diagnosed with breast cancer were included. Linear regression and χ2 analyses were conducted to examine aspects of oral health, using IBM SPSS Complex Samples software, version 27.

Results:
In our sample of 423 female breast cancer survivors, 7.1% were taking tamoxifen, 7.8% were taking anastrozole, 4.3% were taking letrozole, and 2.9% were taking exemestane. Compared with the survivors not taking such therapy, a greater proportion of those taking it had decayed teeth, gum disease/problems, and were recommended for imminent dental care after oral health examination by dentists. The survivors who were not taking adjuvant endocrine therapy had more coronal cavities.

Conclusions:
Data analysis showed that female breast cancer survivors taking adjuvant endocrine therapy appear more likely to have oral health issues than those not taking such therapy. Improved awareness of these issues is critical. Assessment and management guidelines to address these oral health issues are needed by health care providers.
Trends in Uterine Cancer Mortality in the United States
Authors: Somasegar Sahana , Bashi Aya , Lang Susan M. , Liao Cheng-I , Johnson Caitlin , Darcy Kathleen M. , Tian Chunqiao , Kapp Daniel S. , Chan John K. 
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVE:
To analyze mortality trends in uterine cancer in the United States over 50 years with an emphasis on age and race and ethnicity.

METHODS:
Data on uterine cancer deaths from 1969 to 2018 were obtained from the National Center for Health Statistics. Trends were examined by age and race and ethnicity after adjustment for the hysterectomy rate and pregnancy.

RESULTS:
Uterine cancer mortality decreased between 1969 and 1997 (from 6.03 to 4.00/100,000) but increased between 1997 and 2018 (from 4.00 to 5.02/100,000). From 2001 to 2018, mortality rates increased by 1.25-fold across all age groups. In 2018, the mortality rate from uterine cancer for patients aged 70 years or older and 60–69 years was sixfold and threefold higher, respectively, than in younger patients (aged 50–59 years) (54.87/100,000 vs 27.80/100,000 vs 8.70/100,000). The mortality rate for non-Hispanic Black women was 2.2-fold higher than for non-Hispanic White, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander women (17.6/100,000 vs 7.82/100,000, 6.54/100,000, and 4.24/100,000, respectively). On an intersection analysis of age and race, non-Hispanic Black women aged older than 60 years had a threefold higher mortality rate than non-Hispanic White women (72/100,000 vs 24/100,000). A notable finding was that young non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic women (30–39 years) had the highest annual increases in mortality at 3.3% and 3.8% per year compared with 2.2% in non-Hispanic White women.

CONCLUSION:
Since 2001, the uterine cancer mortality rate has increased across all four racial and ethnic groups examined, with the highest increase seen among non-Hispanic Black women. The largest increase in mortality was observed among younger non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic women.
To Bury or Not to Bury the K-wires After Fixation of Both Bone Forearm Fractures in Patients Younger Than 11 Years Old: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Khaled Mohamed , Fadle Amr A. , Hassan Ahmed A.A. , Khalifa Ahmed A. , Nabil Andrew , Hafez Abdelkhaleak , Abol Oyoun Nariman 
Published: September 2023

Purpose:
The primary objective was to compare the re-fracture incidence of both radius and ulna fracture in 2 groups treated using intramedullary Kirschner wires (K-wires) where the wires were exposed in group I and buried in group II. The secondary objective was to compare the final functional outcomes and complications incidence.

Methods:
Between March 2019 and February 2021, 60 pediatric patients with unstable radius and ulna fractures amenable to surgical intervention using intramedullary K-wires were randomized into group I (K-wires were exposed above the skin by 2 cm) or group II (K-wires were buried under the skin). In group I, K-wires were removed in the outpatient clinic, while in group II, they were removed under general anesthesia as a day-case procedure. Functional outcome per Price criteria was reported at 1-year follow-up.

Results:
Included patients had a mean age of 7.6 years (range: 5 to 10 y). The mean operative time was significantly higher in group II (32.33±7.51 vs. 36.77±8.70 min, P=0.03), with no difference regarding intraoperative x-ray exposure (43.12±15.52 vs. 41.6±11.96 s, P=0.67). Fracture union was achieved after a mean of 44±2.6 days in group I and 43±1.87 days in group II, with no difference between both groups (P=0.34). One patient had re-fracture in group I and no patients in group II; however, the difference was insignificant (P=0.12). Infection occurred in 2 patients in each group. All patients reported excellent scores per Price criteria and achieved full wrist and elbow range of motion compared with the contralateral noninjured side.

Conclusions:
Exposed implants are a safe option when dealing with forearm fractures in patients younger than 11 years old, with the added advantage of fewer hospital admissions. Furthermore, it had a similar complication rate and functional outcomes compared with buried implants.

Clinical Trial Registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03906929.

Level of Evidence:
Level II.
Group Versus Individual Rehabilitation in Lung Transplantation: A Retrospective Noninferiority Assessment
Authors: Byrd Rebecca , Breslin Rachel , Wang Peijin , Peskoe Sarah , Chow Shein-Chung , Lowers Sean , Snyder Laurie D. , Pastva Amy M. 
Published: September 2023

Purpose:
Pulmonary rehabilitation both before and after lung transplant is associated with improved functional exercise capacity and physical quality of life. There is wide variation in rehabilitation program provision. This study's aim was to compare the effects of group versus individual rehabilitation.

Methods:
Individuals who completed pre- and/or posttransplant outpatient rehabilitation at a single, academic, medical center between March 2019 and March 2021 were included in this study. Noninferiority analysis was used to assess differences in change in 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) between group and individual rehabilitation. Multivariable linear regression models examined 6MWD, Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Ferrans and Powers Quality of Life Index Pulmonary Version (QLI), Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CESD), and San Diego Shortness of Breath Questionnaire (SOBQ).

Results:
Preoperatively, 93 patients completed group and 81 completed individual rehabilitation. Postoperatively, 110 completed group and 105 completed individual rehabilitation. Individual rehabilitation was noninferior to group rehabilitation (α = 0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference in changes in 6MWD, SPPB, QLI, CESD, or SOBQ, between cohorts pre- and postoperatively (all P > .25).

Conclusions:
Individual rehabilitation seems to be an acceptable alternative to group rehabilitation for lung transplant candidates and recipients.
Severe Alprazolam Withdrawal With Delirium and Psychosis
Authors: Conaty Oisín , Doherty Anne M. , Lally John 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In our report, and review of the literature, we present an important clinical lesson for the recognition and treatment of alprazolam withdrawal with complicated delirium and psychosis, and present a strong case for future treatment algorithms. Our case is unique due to the severity of behavioral disturbance associated with acute psychosis secondary to alprazolam withdrawal and the significant quantity of alprazolam consumed. The use of high cumulative doses of longer-acting benzodiazepines resulted in rapid improvement in symptoms with full resolution of psychosis. Within 4 days of treatment in hospital, delirium and psychosis had fully resolved. Detoxification continued in the community and the patient was followed up in clinic for monitoring of mental state. There was no recurrence of psychotic symptoms.
Physician Assistant Student Preceptors and Point-of-Care Ultrasound: Perceptions and Readiness to Teach
Authors: Breunig Michael , Kingsley Ryan , Fischer Karen , Huckabee Michael 
Published: September 2023

Purpose
Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) inclusion in medical education is increasing, and understanding of clinical educators' perceptions and use patterns is needed. The purpose of this research project was to explore current use, interest, knowledge, perceptions, and readiness to teach POCUS from the perspectives of clinical preceptors for physician assistant (PA) students.

Methods
A survey research study was completed on previously identified preceptors. Descriptive statistics outlined the frequencies of responses. Bivariate analysis with Chi-Square or Fischer Exact Testing was used to identify statistically significant differences between groupings.

Results
Most preceptors (87.1%) believe POCUS adds clinical value, but a minority received POCUS training (37%), are familiarity with its use (37.4%), and currently use POCUS (23.4%). Two-thirds (66.1%) of preceptors stated they would allow PA students to practice POCUS skills on clinical rotation; however, few (31%) felt comfortable with this and even fewer (22.6%) felt comfortable findings on POCUS into their clinical decision making.

Conclusions
Despite support of incorporation of POCUS into PA education, clinical preceptors' readiness to teach POCUS on clinical rotations is limited. This study shows that preceptors are neither comfortable with student use nor incorporating student findings into clinical decision making. A lack of sufficient clinical preceptors to support POCUS education has not been previously reported. PA programs attempting to incorporate POCUS into their curricula will need to be intentional providing opportunities to continue POCUS on clinical rotations.
Severity assessment to guide empiric antibiotic therapy for cholangitis in children after Kasai portoenterostomy: a multicenter prospective randomized control trial in China
Authors: Wang Pei , Zhang Hong-yi , Yang Jixin , Zhu Tianqi , Wu Xiaojuan , Yi Bin , Sun Xiaoyi , Wang Bin , Wang Tao , Tang Weibing , Xie Hua , Tou Jinfa , Han Yijiang , Liu Xiang , Zhan Jianghua , Liu Yuanmei , Li Yingchao , Lv Zhibao , Lu Li , Zhao Baohong , Fu Tingliang , Wu Dianming , Bai Jianxi , Li Wanfu , Yang Heying , Zhang Guofeng , Ren Hongxia , Feng Jiexiong 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Cholangitis is common in patients with biliary atresia following Kasai portoenterostomy (KPE). The prompt use of empiric antibiotics is essential due to the lack of identified microorganisms. The authors aimed to validate a severity grading system to guide empiric antibiotic therapy in the management of post-KPE cholangitis.

Materials and methods:
This multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label study recruited patients with post-KPE cholangitis and was conducted from January 2018 to December 2019. On admission, patients were categorized into mild, moderate, and severe cholangitis according to the severity grading system. Patients in the mild cholangitis group were randomized to receive cefoperazone sodium tazobactam sodium (CSTS) or meropenem (MEPM). Patients with severe cholangitis were randomized to treatment with MEPM or a combination of MEPM plus immunoglobulin (MEPM+IVIG). Patients with moderate cholangitis received MEPM.

Results:
The primary endpoint was duration of fever (DOF). Secondary outcomes included blood culture, length of hospital stay, incidence of recurrent cholangitis, jaundice clearance rate, and native liver survival (NLS). For mild cholangitis, DOF, and length of hospital stay were similar between those treated with CSTS or MEPM (all P>0.05). In addition, no significant difference in recurrence rate, jaundice clearance rate, and NLS was observed between patients treated with CSTS and MEPM at 1-month, 3-month, and 6-month follow-up. In patients with moderate cholangitis, the DOF was 36.00 (interquartile range: 24.00–48.00) h. In severe cholangitis, compared with MEPM, MEPM+IVIG decreased DOF and improved liver function by reducing alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and direct bilirubin at 1-month follow-up. However, recurrence rate, jaundice clearance rate, and NLS did not differ significantly between MEPM+IVIG and MEPM at 1-month, 3-month, and 6-month follow-up.

Conclusions:
In patients with post-KPE cholangitis, MEPM is not superior to CSTS for the treatment of mild cholangitis. However, MEPM+IVIG treatment was associated with better short-term clinical outcomes in patients with severe cholangitis.
Neoadjuvant docetaxel, oxaliplatin plus capecitabine versus oxaliplatin plus capecitabine phase III randomized controlled clinical trial for patients with locally advanced gastric adenocarcinoma: long-term results of a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Tian Yuan , Yang Peigang , Guo Honghai , Liu Yang , Zhang Ze , Ding Pingan , Zheng Tao , Deng Huiyan , Ma Wenqian , Li Yong , Fan Liqiao , Zhang Zhidong , Wang Dong , Zhao Xuefeng , Tan Bibo , Liu Yu , Zhao Qun 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with docetaxel, oxaliplatin, and capecitabine (DOX regimen) is rarely used in Eastern countries and its efficacy and safety in advanced gastric cancer have not been reported. In this open-label, randomized, controlled trial, the authors aimed to assess the clinical efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy using the DOX and oxaliplatin plus capecitabine (XELOX) regimens, in comparison to surgery alone.

Materials and methods:
Three hundred patients younger than 60 years with potentially resectable advanced gastric cancer (cT3-4, Nany, M0) were enrolled in this randomized controlled clinical trial between November 2014 and June 2018. The primary endpoint of the study was the pathological complete response (pCR) rate. Secondary endpoints included 3-year overall survival (OS), 3-year disease-free survival.

Results:
In total, 280 patients (93 in the DOX group, 92 in the XELOX group, and 95 in the surgery group) were included in the per-protocol analysis. The DOX group demonstrated a significantly higher pCR rate compared to the XELOX group (16.1 vs. 4.3%, P=0.008). For patients with intestinal type, the DOX group exhibited significantly higher rates of both pCR and major pathological response compared to the XELOX group (P=0.007, P<0.001). The 3-year OS rates of the DOX group, the XELOX group and the surgery group were 56.9, 44.6, and 34.7%, respectively. The 3-year disease-free survival rates were 45.2, 40.2, and 28.4%, respectively. The neoadjuvant DOX regimen demonstrated a significant improvement in the 3-year OS of patients compared to the neoadjuvant XELOX regimen (P=0.037).

Conclusion:
The neoadjuvant DOX regimen has shown the potential to increase the pCR rate and improve the prognosis of patients with advanced gastric cancer who are under 60 years old.