bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3-N-Butylphthalide Attenuates the Neuroinflammation in Rotenone-Induced Parkinson’s Disease Models via the cGas/STING Pathway
Authors: Liu Yuqian , Duan Ruonan , Li Peizheng , Zhang Bohan , Liu Yiming 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Abstrat
Neuroinflammation plays an important role in Parkinson’s disease(PD) and contribute to the onset and progression of degeneration of dopaminergic neurons.NBP is a widly used durg in the treatment of cerebrovascular disease,and recent studies shows that NBP can also inhibit ROS production,alleviate mitochondrial impairment in various PD models. Mitochondrial dysfunction,which may lead to mtDNA release,can activate the cGas/STING pathway and then induce an inflammatory cascade.Therefore,we put forward a hypothesis that NBP can protect PD by inhibiting the cGas/Sting pathway and inflammatory response of microglia.In the present study,we used rotenone induced BV2 cells and mice models.Our results shows the STING inhibitor,C-176,could reduce the rotenone induced inflammation in BV2 cells,indicating that the cGas/Sting pathway contributes to the inflammatory response in microglia.In addition,NBP can inhibit mitochondrial DNA leakage and activation of cGas/STING pathway,subsequently reduce the overactivation of microglia and the pruduction of proinflammatory factors in rotenone induced BV2 cells and PD mice.This study demonstrats that NBP can exert protective effect in PD through the downregulation of the cGas/STING signaling.This study will provide a novel insight into the potential role of NBP in PD therapy.
Escolares indígenas com deficiência no Brasil: uma análise a partir do Censo Escolar da Educação Básica (2010, 2015 e 2020)
Authors: De Sá Michele Aparecida , Adão Ribeiro Eduardo , Gomes Liduenha Gonçalves Taísa Grasiela 
Published: July 2023

A articulação entre as áreas da educação especial e da educação escolar indígena é uma diretriz de política pública recente no Brasil, e, por esse motivo, torna-se fundamental investigar a escolarização de alunos indígenas com deficiência. Diante desse contexto, o presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar um retrato da escolarização de alunos indígenas com deficiência no Brasil a partir da análise dos microdados do Censo Escolar da Educação Básica nos anos de 2010, 2015 e 2020. As variáveis selecionadas foram do banco de matrículas e de escolas, especificamente da localização diferenciada da escola (terra indígena), a região de localização da escola, a modalidade de ensino, o Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE), o tipo de deficiência ou Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) e a disponibilidade de sala de recursos multifuncionais. Os dados apontam a ampliação das matrículas de escolares indígenas com deficiência ou TEA em todas as regiões brasileiras, no período analisado, sendo a deficiência intelectual prevalente entre os escolares indígenas; a modalidade ensino regular possui a maior parte das matrículas desses alunos e uma pequena parcela de alunos indígenas com deficiência ou TEA receberam atendimento educacional especializado. Diante desse contexto, aponta-se a necessidade da elaboração de políticas públicas sobre educação especial e a articulação com a educação escolar indígena e que considere as especificidades dos povos indígenas no que se refere às diversidades culturais.
From Outer Space to Earth – Resilience Management in Turkey'S Natural Disaster of 2023
Authors: Botezatu Ulpia Elena , Bucovețchi Olga 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In recent years, natural disasters have become more frequent and severe, causing significant damage to infrastructure, economy, and society. To enhance societal resilience to these events, the usage of space technology has become increasingly important. This article aims to explore the role of space technology in enhancing societal resilience to natural disasters, using the case of the 2023 natural disaster in Turkey. First, the article discusses the use of space technology in disaster monitoring, early warning systems, search and rescue operations, and damage assessment. Secondly, the article looks at the case of the recent earthquake in Turkey and attempts to reveal how Turksat satellite system has been used. The article concludes that space technology can play a crucial role in enhancing societal resilience to natural disasters.
FSMB Census of Licensed Physicians in the United States, 2022
Authors: Young Aaron , Pei Xiaomei , Arnhart Katie , Carter Jeffrey D. , Chaudhry Humayun J. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
There are 1,044,734 licensed physicians in the United States and District of Columbia, a physician workforce 23% larger than in 2010, based on data supplied by the nation's state medical and osteopathic boards. Despite an impending shortage of physicians nationwide, the licensed physician population has grown relative to the nation's total population, and since the last census in 2020 there have been significant increases in the number of new licenses issued by state medical boards—a trend driven predominantly by the use of telehealth services at levels significantly higher than prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Nearly one-quarter (24%), or 247,424, of the nation's physicians hold two or more active licenses, up from 23% in 2020, and state medical boards issued a record high of 129,427 new licenses in 2022, an increase of 27% from 2020. A demographic transition towards an older population in the United States is increasing as the demand for healthcare services continues to raise concerns about physician shortages. The physician population is aging alongside the general population, with the number of licensed physicians aged 60 years and older increasing by 54% since our 2010 census. The pandemic exacerbated the strains of an aging population on the entire healthcare system and physician workforce.
Preparations of Organoclay Using Cationic Surfactant and Characterization of PVC/ (Bentonite and Organoclay) Composite Prepared via Melt Blending Method
Authors: Abdul majeed Basma A. , Sabar Dhilal Amer 
Published: July 2023

Calcium-Montmorillonite (bentonite) [Ca-MMT] has been prepared via cation exchange reaction using benzalkonium chloride [quaternary ammonium] as a surfactant to produce organoclay which is used to prepare polymer composites. Functionalization of this filler surface is very important factor for achieving good interaction between filler and polymer matrix. Basal spacing and functional groups identification of this organoclay were characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy respectively. The (XRD) results showed that the basal spacing of the treated clay (organoclay) with the benzalkonium chloride increased to 15.17213 0A, this represents an increment of about 77.9% in the basal spacing. FTIR spectra illustrate that benzalkonium chloride compound was successfully intercalated in to clay layers. The results confirm the effectiveness of the synthesis of organoclay with similar characteristics compared to those ones observed in the bentonite. The features were obtained by a simple process and enable interaction with organic compounds (polymers and plastic). PVC/bentonite composite and PVC/organoclay composite were prepared by the melt intercalation method .The results have been analyzed and compared for PVC samples with (3wt%, 7wt% and 12wt %) bentonite and organoclay micro filler .Mechanical properties, thermal properties, flammability and water absorption percentage of prepared samples were tested. Mechanical characteristic such as tensile strength, elongation at break, hardness and impact strength (charpy type) were measured for all samples, where the tensile strength and elongation at break of PVC composites increased with increasing organoclay loading compared with unmodified bentonite. Also, the hardness and impact strength of the composites increase with increase in filler content. Thermal properties of PVC/ (bentonite, organoclay) composites were characterized using Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) and thermal conductivity analyzer. The results showed Tg shifted toward higher temperature for all type of filler compared to neat PVC. Also, thermal conductivity measurement values illustrated that PVC/bentonite composites have a good thermal insulation at 12wt%, thermal conductivity was decreased from 0.222 W/m.K for neat PVC to 0.11 W/m.K at 12wt% PVC/bentonite composites. Organoclay give the best possible water absorbability of the PVC, with other word making it moisture resistant .The higher the filler content the higher burning time, the lower rate of burning and the lower height of the flame which are evident at 12wt% for all fillers.
PERBANDINGAN METODE STRUKTURAL ANALITIK SINTETIK DENGAN METODE ABJAD TERHADAP KETEPATAN DAN KECEPATAN MEMBACA PERMULAAN SISWA KELAS I SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Lestari Tutik 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sebenarnya metode apa yang tepat yang akan digunakan dalam memecahkan masalah pada rendahnya ketepatan dan kecepatan membaca permulaan antara metode Struktural Analitik Sintetik (SAS) dengan metode abjad kelas 1 Sekolah Dasar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen dengan desain Factorial 2x2. Berdasarkan dari hasil belajar siswa menggunakan metode SAS dengan metode Abjad memiliki perbedaan dalam ketepatan maupun kecepatan membaca permulaan siswa. Sedangkan untuk rata-rata Metode SAS terhadap ketepatan dan kecepatan membaca permulaan sebesar 82,71 dan 81,88 sedangkan dengan metode Abjad memiliki rata-rata sebesar 69,60 dan 80,00. Tidak itu saja peneliti juga melakukan uji normalitas dengan perolehan hasil analisis bahwasannya nilai sig > 0,05 yaitu 0.085, 0.068, 0.126 dan 0.075 (ketepatan dan kecepatan SAS, ketepatan dan kecepatan Abjad). hal ini memuat data penelitian berdistribusi normal. Karena data berdistribusi normal, peneliti melakukan uji hipotesi dengan melakukan uji one sample t test dengan nilai sig 0.000 < 0.05 dengan kesimpulan terima Ha dan tolak Ho yang berarti terdapat perbedaan menggunakan metode SAS (SD Negeri 07 Tiumang) dan metode Abjad (SD Negeri 02 Tiumang) pada ketepatan dan kecepatan membaca permulaan siswa kelas 1.Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran Kooperatif, SAS dan Abjad, Ketepatan dan Kecepatan, Hasil Belajar ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to find out exactly what method is right to be used in solving the problem of low reading accuracy and speed at the beginning between the Synthetic Structural Analytical (SAS) method and the alphabetic method for grade 1 elementary school. The research method used was an experiment with a 2x2 factorial design. Based on the results of student learning using the SAS method with the Alphabetical method, there are differences in the accuracy and speed of students' initial reading. Meanwhile, the average SAS method for initial reading accuracy and speed was 82.71 and 81.88, while the Abjad method had an average of 69.60 and 80.00. Not only that, the researcher also conducted a normality test with the acquisition of the analysis results that the sig value was > 0.05, namely 0.085, 0.068, 0.126 and 0.075 (SAS accuracy and speed, alphabetic accuracy and speed). this contains normally distributed research data. Because the data were normally distributed, the researcher conducted a hypothesis test by conducting a one sample t test with a sig value of 0.000 <0.05 with the conclusion that accept Ha and reject Ho, which means that there is a difference using the SAS method (SD Negeri 07 Tiumang) and the Alphabetical method (SD Negeri 02 Tiumang ) on the accuracy and speed of beginning reading of grade 1 students.Keywords: Cooperative Learning, SAS and Alphabets, Accuracy and Speed, Learning Outcomes
Mood Disorders and Anxiety Between Gastritis in Nursing Students
Authors: Prassetia Deffi Okta Hadi , Fitriasari Andikawati , Septianingrum Yurike , Ainiyah Nur , Budury Syiddatul 
Published: July 2023

Students are very vulnerable to experiencing psychological disorders, especially mood disorders, anxiety, and depression. Disturbed psychological and emotional conditions result in the digestive system, namely gastritis. This study aims to determine the relationship between Mood Disorder and anxiety with the occurrence of gastritis symptoms in nursing students at the Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Nahdlatul Ulama University, Surabaya. The research method used is quantitative with a cross-sectional study. The sampling technique used was stratified random sampling with two strata (Class of 2018 and 2019). The number of samples is 125 participants. They measured instrument mood disorders using Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) and Hamilton Anxiety Range Scale (HARS). Analysis of the data used is Spearman's rank test. The statistical test results of this study found a relationship between Mood Disorder with symptoms of gastritis in nursing students with a p-value of 0.000 ≤ 0.05, and there is a relationship between anxiety with symptoms of gastritis in nursing students with a p-value of 0.001 ≤ 0.05. There is a significant relationship between mood disorders and anxiety with gastritis symptoms in nursing students. Psychological management of students is crucial in preventing symptoms of gastritis in students
Clinical Presentation and Macular Morphology in Retinitis Pigmentosa Patients
Authors: Okonkwo Ogugua Ndubuisi , Hassan Adekunle Olubola , Agweye Chineze Thelma , Victor Umeh , Akanbi Toyin 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive, frequently used imaging technology that enables detailed viewing of retina anatomy. It is used to monitor disease progression in retinitis pigmentosa (RP) eyes, including detecting changes in retinal thickness.

Purpose:
The purpose of the study is to determine the clinical presentation and macular morphology in RP eyes using OCT imaging.

Methods:
A retrospective review of case records and OCT scans in eyes diagnosed with RP in two ophthalmic clinics in Nigeria. Biodata, Snellen best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), vertical cup-to-disc ratio (VCDR), and presence of maculopathy were determined. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 22.0 (IBM Corp. Armonk, NY, USA).

Results:
Fifty-five eyes of 28 patients (18 males and 10 females), with a mean age of 47.16 ± 15.56 years (22–77 years), were studied. 40–49 years was the most frequent age group, 28.6%. Severe visual impairment occurred in 22% of eyes and myopia in 32%. Twenty-nine percent had undergone cataract surgery or had a significant cataract. The mean IOP was 11 mmHg, and the mean VCDR was 0.46. On OCT examination, macular atrophy was the most common finding in 74.5% of eyes, epiretinal membrane in 16.3%, cystoid macular edema in 7.3%, vitreomacular adhesion in 5.4%, and vitreomacular traction in 1.8%. There was no association between macular morphology, macular thickness, and BCVA (P = 0.155, P = 0.424).

Conclusion:
OCT provides information on macula structure in RP eyes. About 14.5% of eyes had a normal macula, while 85.5% had a maculopathy, confirming that RP eyes have a higher rate of maculopathy than non RP eyes. OCT evaluation of an RP eye should be a standard workup for the early detection of such maculopathy and monitoring for disease progression.
Outcome of Intramedullary Nail Coated with Antibiotic-impregnated Cement in Chronic Osteomyelitis
Authors: Sharma Pulak , Baghel Anurag 
Published: July 2023

Introduction:
Chronic osteomyelitis (Chr OM) may result as a sequel of acute hematogenous infection or following open fractures or orthopedic surgeries. Among various osteoarticular infections, Chr OM is one of the most challenging in terms of treatment. In the present study, we evaluate the outcome of antibiotic cement-coated nails in the treatment of chronic pyogenic osteomyelitis and also discuss the future innovations in field of antibiotic-compatible biomaterials for coating the implants.

Materials and Methods:
Twelve cases of Chr OM (5 hematogenous and 7 exogenous following trauma or surgery) were operated by intramedullary nail coated with antibiotic-impregnated bone cement from September 2018 to January 2021. All the cases had bacteriological confirmation of infection by deep curettage and its subsequent culture sensitivity. K nail was used in 10 cases and elastic stable intramedullary nails were used in 2 cases.

Results:
Out of 12 cases, 8 were male and 4 were female. The average duration of follow-up was 13 months. Infection was controlled in all the cases (two cases required repeat antibiotic-coated nailing), and there was no incidence of relapse in any case. The control of infection was assessed by clinical assessment and laboratory parameters.

Conclusion:
Antibiotic cement-coated nails are an effective method in local control of infection in Chr OM without any systemic side effect.
Subjective Assessments of Voice in Parkinson’s Disease Subjects with and Without STN-DBS Therapy
Authors: Onder Halil , Bahtiyarca Zeynep Tuba , Comoglu Selcuk 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
The causal relation between STN-DBS and speech problems and the associated clinical features are in the incipient stages of being investigated.

Methods:
All the Parkinson's disease (PD) subjects with and without STN-DBS who applied to our movement disorders outpatient clinics between January 2022 and June 2022 and agreed to participate in the study were enrolled. The demographic data and clinical features were noted. Besides, the MDS-UPDRS was administered during the medication off-state in all subjects. All the participants completed the voice handicap index (VHI). Besides, the Freezing of Gait Questionnaire (FOGQ) and the quality of life (QoL) scales including the Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) and the Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scale were also administered to all the individuals.

Results:
We have included 66 patients with PD (F/M = 23/43). Thirty-five patients were those with DBS therapy whereas 31 patients were without. The results of the comparative analyses between the patients with and without DBS therapy revealed that the DBS group had a higher disease duration (P = 0.006) and FOGQ scores (P = 0.008). The VHI scores did not differ between groups (P = 0.577), and the correlation analyses did not reveal an association between the VHI scores and the duration of DBS therapy. However, the VHI scores correlated with the disease duration as well as the FOG scores.

Conclusion:
We did not find convincing evidence supporting the increased risk of speech disturbance with STN-DBS therapy. We suggest that the frequent existence of speech disturbance in this patient subgroup with STN-DBS is associated with the classical nature of PD.
Nursing counseling utilizing BETTER model on sexuality, marital satisfaction and quality of life among cervical cancer women
Authors: Salim Hanan M. , Abdelmonem Mervat M. , ElSayed Ahlam M. 
Published: July 2023

Background
The most common sexual dysfunction problem for women with cervical cancer is decreased sexual desire.

Aim
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of nursing counseling guided by BETTER model on sexuality, marital satisfaction, and quality of life among cervical cancer women.

Design
A quasi-experimental design was used.

Patients and methods
A purposive sample of 44 women with cervical cancer who attended the oncology outpatient clinic at Zagazig University Hospital and Elmabera Hospital in the Sharkia Governorate was recruited.

Tools
A structured interviewing questionnaire, Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), and a short version of the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire were used to gather data.

Results
The mean score of all female sexual function index domains was improved significantly (P<0.001) after intervention as compared with before intervention. Moreover, following applying nursing counseling guided by the BETTER model compared with before intervention, there was a highly significant improvement (P=0.0001) in the quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction among study participants. Following the adoption of the nursing instructions, there was a positive association between the overall Female Sexual Function Index score and quality of life.

Conclusion
The quality of life and sexual function of women with cervical cancer have improved.

Recommendation
Implement a BETTER sexual counseling model to handle sexual dysfunction in oncology units. The availability of facilities and decision-making aids for individuals in need, as well as the promotion of women counseling activities about cervical cancer and sexuality, are all necessary.
Effect of Using Smart Phone Application on Self-Care Activities among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Aziz Salwa Hagag Abdel , El Monem Sultan Esraa Abd , Ramadan Heba , Abd Ola Ibrahim 
Published: July 2023

Background
Diabetes is the most popular chronic clinical condition targeted by mHealth (mobile health). A progressively increasing number of medical applications have recently emerged to cover the needs of patients with diabetes.

Aim
To evaluate the effect of using smartphone application on self-care activities among patients with diabetes mellitus

Design
Quasi-experimental pre-posttest nonequivalent control group design

Sample
A convenient sample of 60 adult male and female patients with a confirmed diagnosis of diabetes were enrolled in the current study.

Tools
Two tools were utilized to collect data: (a) Demographic and Medical Data Form, (b) Diabetes Self-Care Activities Scale.

Results
The age of study sample ranged between 19 to 60 years, with mean age of 36.2±12.2 years. There was a significant improvement in self-care activities among the study group using mobile phone application.

Conclusion
Self-care activities among diabetic patients in the study group improved after using mobile phone application.

Recommendations
Nurses should establish a management plan for diabetic patients including educational sessions to raise awareness about importance of using smart phone application.
ANALYSIS OF OIL PALM DEVELOPMENT IN KALIMANTAN ANALISIS PENGEMBANGAN KELAPA SAWIT DI KALIMANTAN
Authors: Munawir Munawir 
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine the extent of the development / development of oil palm in Kalimantan, in terms of the area, production, productivity of palm oil and labor absorption and its contribution to the scale of Indonesia. Here, Kalimantan ranks second after Sumatra. Kalimantan's contribution to Indonesia for the last 3 years until 2023, the area ranges from 34.79% to 39.49% (5,856,853 ha to 6,038,573 ha), production ranges from 38.62% to 42.44% (17,587,623 tons to 20,472,160 tons), productivity is 3,604 tons / ha to 4,192 tons / ha, the number of farmers ranges from 478,720 families to 516,146 families and the number of workers ranges from 2,273,901 kindergartens to 2,343,031 kindergartens, The distribution of oil palm is in West Kalimantan (13 districts), Central Kalimantan (14 districts), South Kalimantan (13 districts), East Kalimantan (10 districts), and North Kalimantan (5 districts).