bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Η κουλτούρα του Ελληνικού δημόσιου σχολείου: προσπάθεια τυπολογικής κατάταξης με βάση τις απόψεις των εκπαιδευτικών
Authors: Λαλιώτη Ευθυμία , Kουτούζης Μανώλης 
Published: June 2023

Η παρουσιαζόμενη έρευνα αποτέλεσε προσπάθεια χαρτογράφησης της κουλτούρας του Δημόσιου Σχολείου στην Ελλάδα με βάση τις απόψεις των Εκπαιδευτικών (Διευθυντών/-ντριών και Διδασκόντων/-ουσών). Σε μια προσέγγιση τυπολογικής κατάταξης (για την απάντηση στο δεύτερο κυρίως από τα τρία ερευνητικά ερωτήματα: Ο βαθμός επίδρασης των στοιχείων που συνθέτουν την ιδιαιτερότητα της σχολικής κουλτούρας στην Ελλάδα κατά τη διαμόρφωσή της αποτελεί κριτήριο για την ανάπτυξη ενός μοντέλου τυπολογικής -με την έννοια των προσανατολισμών- κατάταξης αυτής;) αναδείχτηκαν δύο βασικοί προσανατολισμοί κουλτούρας, ο επικρατέστερος της ανθρωποκεντρικής-ανοιχτής-συνεργατικής κουλτούρας και ο σπανιότερος της γραφειοκρατικής-κλειστής κουλτούρας, με σχετική σύγκλιση μεταξύ τους στην πρόσληψη του συγκεντρωτισμού. Ως παράγοντες που επηρεάζουν -με μη υψηλή βεβαιότητα- τις απόψεις και επιλογές των εκπαιδευτικών ως προς τους προσανατολισμούς της σχολικής κουλτούρας αναδείχτηκαν η θέση που κατέχουν οι εκπαιδευτικοί στη σχολική μονάδα, ο τύπος της σχολικής μονάδας και το μέγεθος αυτής (αριθμός μαθητών και αριθμός εκπαιδευτικών). Η διερεύνηση του θέματος στηρίχτηκε στο θεωρητικό μοντέλο των Ανταγωνιζόμενων Αξιών των Cameron and Quinn (1999, 2006, 2011) για τους τέσσερις τύπους οργανωσιακής κουλτούρας, με προσαρμοσμένη χρήση του Ερωτηματολογίου Maslowski (2001) για διερεύνηση των απόψεων των εκπαιδευτικών σχετικά με την κουλτούρα της σχολικής μονάδας τους, σε δείγμα σχολείων και των δύο Βαθμίδων Σχολικής Εκπαίδευσης από όλη την Ελλάδα.
A blended model of interior design studio practice due to COVID-19
Authors: Assali Imad 
Published: June 2023

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic upended the educational system around the globe. During this challenging period, universities and colleges looked for other effective alternative methods of learning, such as Virtual Learning Environments (VL). Besides, Ahlia University has implemented E-learning in response to COVID-19. There needs to be more attention given to the challenges associated with technology adoption facing interior design and architecture programs, where over 60% of courses are practical, especially design studios, which form the core of the curriculum. According to a review of the relevant literature, there needs to be more research on blended learning in interior design and architecture. In order to enhance the teaching and learning of interior design and architecture, further research is required to combine cutting-edge techniques and technology. The aim of this study was to review the classroom materials for Ahlia University's interior design studio. Methods: After completing the INTD 212, INTD 216, INTD 311, and INTD 404 studios in mid-March 2022, a short Qualtrics poll was done to assess the difficulties of e-learning and offer potential consequences. Results: Though students were conveniently attending courses online, there was not much discussion and interaction like in the face-to-face model. Blended teaching in design studio courses offered many benefits. The results showed that blended design studios achieved pedagogical results as students developed their knowledge. Conclusions: Based on the findings, this research concludes that teaching and learning should be shifted from face-to-face and online learning to the best practice of a blended format.
A cross-sectional survey measuring effectiveness of fuel subsidy restructure in Malaysia
Authors: Yee Yen Yuen , Jing Wen Lai , Ramasamy Suganthi , Puspitawati Eka 
Published: June 2023

Background: Out of the MYR 14 billion of fuel subsidy, the top 20% households (T20) in the country enjoy MYR 8 billion compared to MYR 6 billion of the fuel subsidy restructure enjoyed by the low income (B40) households. As the Malaysian government has started to restructure the fuel subsidy scheme in December 2022 when the national economy began to recover post coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, this study is in need as it highlights the key concerns of B40 and middle 40% (M40) households to the government. This research aims to determine key factors affecting fuel subsidy restructure effectiveness from the perspective of B40 and M40 households in Malaysia post COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A total of 150 questionnaires were disseminated to Malaysia B40 and M40 households. The questionnaire was completed by 105 households with no missing value. This paper utilized cross-sectional design to examine factors that contribute to fuel subsidy restructure in Malaysia post COVID-19 pandemic. Results: Efficient targeting and social protection were the most important factor that contribute to the effectiveness of fuel subsidy restructure in Malaysia. Conclusions: This research serves as the pioneer research to provide valuable insights to the Malaysian government to effectively restructure fuel subsidy initiative towards creating greater social protection, efficient targeting and better governance and administrative capacity in improving the quality of life of the B40 and M40 households.
Case Report: Concomitant presence of two STIs in a male patient
Authors: Rusia Kaveri , Madke Bhushan , Kashikar Yash 
Published: June 2023

Background: The spirochaete Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum, which causes the infectious disease syphilis, can be spread through sexual contact or perinatal transmission. In recent years, cases of syphilis have increased, especially among individuals engaging in behaviour that makes them more vulnerable (condomless sex and multiple sexual partners) and in men who have sex with men. Condylomata acuminata (external genital warts) is one of the most common viral sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Individuals who are behaviourally vulnerable are also highly prone to be exposed to one or more STIs. Our case exemplifies the occurrence of two STIs in a young man who was behaviourally vulnerable to acquiring STIs. Case: We report a case of a 21-year-old year old heterosexual man presenting with concomitant primary syphilis and genital warts. He presented with a painless genital ulcer and warty growths on his glans penis. Examination showed a painless indurated ulcer and multiple genital warts. Serology was positive for quantitative serological disease research laboratory test (1:16 titre). The patient was diagnosed with two concomitant STIs. He was treated as per the latest Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines for primary syphilis and podophyllin resin for genital warts. After four weeks, the genital ulcer showed complete healing and there was a significant reduction of genital warts. Conclusions: Individuals with multiple sexual partners engaging in sexual activity without the use of prevention tools are at a greater chance of acquiring two or more STIs. To reduce concomitant transmission, preventive measures against genital ulcer diseases caused by human papilloma virus, syphilis, herpes, and chancroid, such as early identification and treatment, and condom distribution, must be strengthened as part of national STI prevention. Patients with two or more STIs should be followed regularly to assess the progress of infection and should be offered timely medical treatment.
The Ideal Diet for Humans to Sustainably Feed the Growing Population – Review, Meta-Analyses, and Policies for Change
Authors: Goldfarb Galit , Sela Yaron 
Published: June 2023

Introduction: As of now, no study has combined research from different sciences to determine the most suitable diet for humans. This issue is urgent due to the predicted population growth, the effect of this on the environment, and the deterioration of human health and associated costs. Methods: A literature review determined whether an optimal diet for humans exists and what such a diet is, followed by six meta-analyses. The standard criteria for conducting meta-analyses of observational studies were followed. A review of literature reporting Hazard Ratios with a 95% confidence interval for red meat intake, dairy intake, plant-based diet, fiber intake, and serum IGF-1 levels were extracted to calculate effect sizes. Results: Results calculated using NCSS software show that high meat consumption increases mortality probability by 18% on average and increases diabetes risk by 50%. Plant-based and high-fiber diets decrease mortality by 15% and 20% respectively (p < .001). Plant-based diets decreased diabetes risk by 27%, and dairy consumption (measured by increased IGF-1 levels) increased cancer probability by 48% (p < 0.01). A vegetarian or Mediterranean diet was not found to decrease the probability of heart disease. A vegetarian diet can be healthy or not, depending on the foods consumed. A Mediterranean diet with high quantities of meat and dairy products will not produce the health effects desired. The main limitations of the study were that observational studies were heterogeneous and limited by potential confounders. Discussion: The literature and meta-analyses point to an optimal diet for humans that has followed our species from the beginnings of humankind. The optimal diet is a whole food, high fiber, low-fat, 90+% plant-based diet. This diet allowed humans to become the most developed species on Earth. To ensure people’s nutritional needs are met healthily and sustainably, governmental dietary interventions are necessary.
Decaffeinated coffee and green tea extract inhibit foam cell atherosclerosis by lowering inflammation and improving cholesterol influx/efflux balance through upregulation of PPARγ and miR-155
Authors: Rachmawati Ermin , Rohman Mohammad Saifur , Sargowo Djanggan , Kalsum Umi , Lyrawati Diana , Lukitasari Mifetika 
Published: June 2023

Background: Foam cells, the markers of early atherosclerosis and characterise the advanced atherosclerotic plaque, are stimulated by inflammation due to the excess of lipid in macrophages. The combination of decaffeinated coffee and green tea extract (DCGTE) has been suggested to have a role in foam cell inhibition. Objective: to investigate the role of DCGTE against foam cell formation, through modulation of the inflammation process and cholesterol metabolism in macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-exposed macrophages. Methods: Coffee and green tea were extracted by filtration and infusion respectively. Both of coffee and green tea underwent decaffeination using active carbon and blanching methods, respectively. Raw 264.7 Cells were administered with 160/160 and 320/320 μg/ml of DCGTE. Foam cell formation was observed using a light microscope after staining with Oil Red O (ORO), and quantified with ELISA. The expression of cluster differentiation 36 (CD36) ( lipid influx) and ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) ( cholesterol efflux) were determined through immunofluorescence. Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNFα) and Interleukin10 (IL10) were quantified with ELISA. Peroxisome proliferator activated response γ (PPARγ) expression and activity were assessed with Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and ELISA, respectively. The expression of microRNA 155 (miR-155) was examined using qPCR. Results: DCGTE at the above concentrations tended to reduce foam cell numbers, significantly inhibited lipid accumulation (p=0.000), reduced CD36 expression (p=0.000) and TNFα secretion (p=0.000) in Raw264.7 exposed to M-CSF 50 ng/ml and oxLDL 50 μg/ml. The PPARγ expression (p=0.000), PPARγ activity (p=0.001), ABCA1 (p=0.002), miR-155 relative expression (p=0.000), and IL10 production (p=0.000) also increased in DCGTE groups. Conclusion: DCGTE lowered foam cell possibly through attenuation of the inflammatory process and improvement of lipid/efflux mechanisms via upregulation of PPARγ and miR-155 in M-CSF and oxLDL-stimulated Raw264.7 cells. Our results suggest DCGTE might help to prevent atherosclerosis-based diseases.
Investigating antiquities trafficking with generative pre-trained transformer (GPT)-3 enabled knowledge graphs: A case study
Authors: Graham Shawn , Yates Donna , El-Roby Ahmed 
Published: June 2023

Background: There is a wide variety of potential sources from which insight into the antiquities trade could be culled, from newspaper articles to auction catalogues, to court dockets, to personal archives, if it could all be systematically examined. We explore the use of a large language model, GPT-3, to semi-automate the creation of a knowledge graph of a body of scholarship concerning the antiquities trade. Methods: We give GPT-3 a prompt guiding it to identify knowledge statements around the trade. Given GPT-3’s understanding of the statistical properties of language, our prompt teaches GPT-3 to append text to each article we feed it where the appended text summarizes the knowledge in the article. The summary is in the form of a list of subject, predicate, and object relationships, representing a knowledge graph. Previously we created such lists by manually annotating the source articles. We compare the result of this automatic process with a knowledge graph created from the same sources via hand. When such knowledge graphs are projected into a multi-dimensional embedding model using a neural network (via the Ampligraph open-source Python library), the relative positioning of entities implies the probability of a connection; the direction of the positioning implies the kind of connection. Thus, we can interrogate the embedding model to discover new probable relationships. The results can generate new insight about the antiquity trade, suggesting possible avenues of research. Results: We find that our semi-automatic approach to generating the knowledge graph in the first place produces comparable results to our hand-made version, but at an enormous savings of time and a possible expansion of the amount of materials we can consider. Conclusions: These results have implications for working with other kinds of archaeological knowledge in grey literature, reports, articles, and other venues via computational means.
Generation of a vector conventional soliton via a graphene oxide saturable absorber
Authors: Mei Chao , Duan Lina , Chang Sansan , Guo Xinyu , Yu Jia 
Published: June 2023

We have experimentally observed an ultrashort conventional vector soliton in an erbium-doped fiber laser. The few-layered graphene oxide (GO) is used as a saturable absorber (SA). It is found that the saturable absorption characteristic of GO is polarization independent. Therefore, vector solitons can be obtained without polarization control by using such SA. By using a polarization beam splitter to split the mode-locked pulse obtained in the oscillator, two orthogonal polarization vector solitons with equal intensity and consistent characteristics can be obtained. It demonstrates that the initial soliton consists of two orthogonal polarization components. It is worth noting that these two orthogonal polarization component solitons improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 3 dB compared with the initial soliton. The improvement in SNR is very significant and cannot be neglected. This phenomenon has not been reported before, to our knowledge. In addition, the conventional soliton generated by this mode-locked laser has a central wavelength of 1559 nm with 1.1 ps pulse duration. The mode-locking state of this laser can be self-started. After mode locking, the environmental stability is excellent. The experimental results indicate that GO as a broadband SA has great potential and application prospects in the field of vector soliton generation.
High frequency characterization of PZT thin-films deposited by chemical solution deposition on SOI for integrated high speed electro-optic modulators
Authors: Feutmba Gilles F. , da Silva Leandro , Singh Nishant , Breyne Laurens , De Geest Kobe , George John Puthenparampil , Bauwelinck Johan , Van Thourhout Dries , Yin Xin , Beeckman Jeroen 
Published: June 2023

The increasing demand for high data rates and low power consumption puts silicon photonics at the edge of its capabilities. The heterogeneous integration of optical ferro-electric materials on silicon enhances the functionality of the silicon on insulator (SOI) platform to meet these demands. Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) thin films with a large Pockels coefficient and good optical quality can be directly integrated on SOI waveguides for fast electro-optic modulators. In this work, the relative permittivity and dielectric loss of PZT thin films deposited by chemical solution deposition on SOI substrates are analyzed at high frequencies. We extract ε
r
=1650−2129 and tan (δ) = 0.170 − 0.209 for the PZT thin films in the frequency range 1-67GHz. We show the possibility of achieving bandwidths beyond 60GHz via a Mach-Zehnder modulator with V
π
= 7V, suitable for next generation data communication systems.
Anti-angiogenic and anti-proliferative activity of ziziphus leaf extract as a novel potential therapeutic agent for reducing hepatic injury in experimental hamster schistosomiasis
Authors: Alghamdi Thamer , Salem Doaa A. , El-Refaei Mohamed F. 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundSchistosomiasis is one of the most prevalent helminthic infections worldwide. Praziquantel (PZQ) resistance poses a possible danger to the disease’s ability to be controlled. Little is known about the role ofZiziphus spina-christileaf extract (ZLE) in the treatment of hepatic schistosomiasis. However, no study has explored ZLE’s anti-angiogenic and anti-proliferative activity as a possible mechanism for reducing hepatic injury in this context. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of ZLE as an anti-angiogenic, and anti-proliferative agent in hamsters infected withS.mansoni.MethodsFifty hamsters were used and divided into 5 groups (10 hamsters each); noninfected untreated (controls), noninfected treated with ZLE, infected untreated, infected treated with PZQ- and infected treated with ZLE. Anti-angiogenic and anti-fibrotic effects of the drugs were assessed pathologically through the immunohistochemical expression of VEGF, Ki-67, and TGF β1 in liver sections. Some oxidative stress parameters were measured in hepatic homogenates (NO, GSH, GST, and SOD), and serum liver enzymes were also assessed.ResultsA significant decrease in worm burden, granuloma size, granuloma area, and numbers in the ZLE- and PZQ-treated groups compared to the infected untreated group, and the decrease in granulomas number and tissue egg load was significantly lower in PZQ treated group compared to ZLE treated group (p<0.05). ZLE exhibited significant anti-angiogenic and anti-fibrotic effects on granulomas, illustrated by significantly lower expression of VEGF and TGF-β1 than infected untreated and PZQ-treated groups. ZLE exhibits antiproliferative activity evidenced by a significant reduction of positive Ki-67 hepatocytes percentage compared to the infected untreated group. Moreover, ZLE exhibits potent antioxidant effects evidenced by a significantly lowered NO and conservation of hepatic GSH, GST, and SOD in hepatic homogenates compared to infected untreated and PZQ-treated groups (p<0.05).ConclusionOur results point to ZLE as a promising hepatoprotective therapeutic tool in the treatment of schistosome hepatic fibrosis as it has anti-angiogenic, anti-proliferative, anti-fibrotic, and antioxidant effects in hamsters infected withS.mansoni, providing scientific support for its use in conventional medicine.
Association between altered cognition and Loa loa microfilaremia: First evidence from a cross-sectional study in a rural area of the Republic of Congo
Authors: Checkouri Thomas , Missamou François , Pion Sebastien D. S. , Bikita Paul , Hemilembolo Marlhand C. , Boussinesq Michel , Chesnais Cédric B. , Campillo Jérémy T. 
Published: June 2023

Background
Individuals with high Loa loa microfilarial densities are at risk of developing severe encephalopathy after administration of antiparasitic drugs. Apart from this finding, loiasis is considered benign with no effect on brain function. However, recent epidemiological data suggest an increased mortality and morbidity in L. loa infected individuals, underscoring the importance of studies on the possible neurological morbidity associated with loiasis.

Methodology
Using MoCA tests and neurological ultrasounds, we conducted a cross-sectional study to assess cognitive alteration in a population living in a rural area endemic for loiasis in the Republic of Congo. Fifty individuals with high microfilarial densities (MFD) were matched on sex, age and residency with 50 individuals with low MFD and 50 amicrofilaremic subjects.
Analyses focused on individuals with MoCA scores indicating an altered cognition (i.e. < 23/30) and on the total MoCA score according to Loa loa MFD, sociodemographic characteristics and neurological ultrasound results.

Principal findings
MoCA scores were very low in the studied population (mean of 15.6/30). Individuals with more than 15,000 microfilariae per milliliter of blood (mean predicted score:14.0/30) are more than twenty times more likely to have an altered cognition, compared to individuals with no microfilaremia (mean predicted score: 16.3/30). Years of schooling were strongly associated with better MoCA results. Extracranial and intracranial atheroma were not associated with L. loa MFD.

Conclusion/significance
Loaisis microfilaremia is probably involved in cognitive impairment, especially when the MFD are high. These results highlight the urgent need to better understand loaisis-induced morbidity. Further studies investigating neurological morbidity of loiasis are needed.
Nodding syndrome, a case-control study in Mahenge, Tanzania: Onchocerca volvulus and not Mansonella perstans as a risk factor
Authors: Amaral Luís-Jorge , Bhwana Dan , Mhina Athanas D. , Mmbando Bruno P. , Colebunders Robert 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundNodding syndrome (NS) has been consistently associated with onchocerciasis. Nevertheless, a positive association between NS and aMansonella perstansinfection was found in South Sudan. We aimed to determine whether the latter parasite could be a risk factor for NS in Mahenge.MethodsCases of epilepsy were identified in villages affected by NS in Mahenge, Tanzania, and matched with controls without epilepsy of the same sex, age and village. We examined blood films of cases and controls to identifyM.perstansinfections. The participants were also asked for sociodemographic and epilepsy information, examined for palpable onchocercal nodules and onchocerciasis-related skin lesions and tested for anti-Onchocerca volvulusantibodies (Ov16 IgG4) by ELISA. Clinical characteristics of cases and controls,O.volvulusexposure status and relevant sociodemographic variables were assessed by a conditional logistic regression model for NS and epilepsy status matched for age, sex and village.ResultsA total of 113 epilepsy cases and 132 controls were enrolled, of which, respectively, 56 (49.6%) and 64 (48.5%) were men. The median age in cases and controls was 28.0 (IQR: 22.0–35.0) and 27.0 (IQR: 21.0–33.3) years. Of the persons with epilepsy, 43 (38.1%) met the probable NS criteria and 106 (93.8%) had onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy (OAE).M.perstansinfection was absent in all participants, while Ov16 seroprevalence was positively associated with probable NS (odds ratio (OR): 5.05, 95%CI: 1.79–14.27) and overall epilepsy (OR: 2.03, 95%CI: 1–07–3.86). Moreover, onchocerciasis-related skin manifestations were only found in the cases (n = 7, p = 0.0040), including persons with probable NS (n = 4, p = 0.0033). Residing longer in the village and having a family history of seizures were positively correlated with Ov16 status and made persons at higher odds for epilepsy, including probable NS.ConclusionIn contrast toO.volvulus,M.perstansis most likely not endemic to Mahenge and, therefore, cannot be a co-factor for NS in the area. Hence, this filaria is unlikely to be the primary and sole causal factor in the development of NS. The main risk factor for NS remains onchocerciasis.