bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic analysis and validation of lncRNAs in bladder cancer on the basis of neutrophil extracellular traps
Authors: Gu Lan , Guo Hao , Wu Long‐Xiang , Yuan Jun‐Bin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundComplex interactions in the tumor microenvironment (TME) between bladder cancer (BLCA) and immune cells are critical for cancer progression. However, studies of neutrophil extracellular trap‐associated long non‐coding RNAs (NET‐lncRNAs) in the TME of BLCA have not been reported. This study aims to screen for NET‐lncRNAs in BLCA and to preliminarily explore their effects on BLCA development.MethodsThe correlation of NET‐related gene sets, which were identified from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) BLCA datasets, with lncRNAs was analyzed and the prognosis‐related genes were identified through random forest analysis. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) model was utilized to obtain prognostic risk scores for NET‐lncRNAs (NET‐Score). We collected clinical BLCA samples, as well as SV‐HUC‐1 and BLCA cells, to validate the expression of NET‐lncRNAs. Survival and independent prognostic analysis were performed. In J82 and UM‐UC‐3 cells, after NKILA expression was inhibited, cell proliferation and apoptosis levels were detected.ResultsNET‐related gene sets mainly included CREB5, MMP9, PADI4, CRISPLD2, CD93, DYSF, MAPK3, TECPR2, MAPK1 and PIK3CA. Then, four NET‐lncRNAs, MAP 3 K4‐AS1, MIR100HG, NKILA and THY1‐AS1, were identified. NET‐Score had the highest hazard ratio for BLCA. An elevated NET‐Score was linked to a significant increase in immune cell infiltration and copy number variation, as well as a notable decrease in survival rate and drug sensitivity. NET‐lncRNA‐related genes were mainly enriched in the pathways of angiogenesis, immune response, cell cycle and T cell activation. MAP 3 K4‐AS1, MIR100HG, NKILA and THY1‐AS1 expressions were significantly increased in BLCA tissues. Compared with SV‐HUC‐1 cells, NKILA expression was elevated in J82 and UM‐UC‐3 cells. Inhibition of NKILA expression inhibited the proliferation and promoted apoptosis of J82 and UM‐UC‐3 cells.ConclusionsSeveral NET‐lncRNAs, including MAP 3 K4‐AS1, MIR100HG, NKILA and THY1‐AS1, were successfully screened in the BLCA. The NET‐Score was an independent prognostic factor for BLCA. In addition, inhibition of NKILA expression suppressed BLCA cell development. The above NET‐lncRNAs could serve as potential prognostic markers and targets in BLCA.
Prolonged inflammation in patients hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) resolves 2 years after infection
Authors: Fong Siew‐Wai , Goh Yun Shan , Torres‐Ruesta Anthony , Chang Zi Wei , Chan Yi‐Hao , Neo Vanessa Kexin , Lee Bernett , Duan Kaibo , Amrun Siti Naqiah , Yeo Nicholas Kim‐Wah , Chen Hsiuyi V. , Tay Matthew Zirui , Carissimo Guillaume ,   COVID‐19 Study Group,   NCID Study Group, Tan Seow Yen , Leo Yee‐Sin , Lye David C. , Renia Laurent , Young Barnaby Edward , Ng Lisa F. P. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLong‐term complications from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) are concerning, as survivors can develop subclinical multiorgan dysfunction. It is unknown if such complications are due to prolonged inflammation, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) vaccination may reduce sequela. We conducted a prospective longitudinal study on hospitalized patients over 24 months. Clinical symptoms were collected by self‐reporting during follow‐up, along with blood samples for quantification of inflammatory markers and immune cell frequencies. All patients were given one dose of mRNA vaccine at 12−16 months. Their immune profiles at 12 and 24 months were compared. Approximately 37% and 39% of our patients reported post‐COVID‐19 symptoms at 12 and 24 months, respectively. The proportion of symptomatic patients with more than one symptom decreased from 69% at 12 months to 56% at 24 months. Longitudinal cytokine profiling revealed a cluster of individuals with persistently high inflammatory cytokine levels 12 months after infection. Patients with prolonged inflammation showed elevated terminally differentiated memory T cells in their blood; 54% had symptoms at 12 months. The majority of inflammatory markers and dysregulated immune cells in vaccinated patients recovered to a healthy baseline at 24 months, even though symptoms persisted. Post‐COVID‐19 symptoms can linger for 2 years after the initial infection and are associated with prolonged inflammation. Prolonged inflammation in hospitalized patients resolves after 2 years. We define a set of analytes associated with persistent inflammation and presence of symptoms, which could be useful biomarkers for identifying and monitoring high‐risk survivors.
Genetic correlation, causal relationship, and shared loci between vitamin D and COVID‐19: A genome‐wide cross‐trait analysis
Authors: Qiu Shizheng , Zheng Keyang , Hu Yang , Liu Guiyou 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObservational studies have shown that vitamin D supplementation reduces the risk of COVID‐19 infection, yet little is known about the shared genomic architectures between them. Leveraging large‐scale genome‐wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics, we investigated the genetic correlation and causal relationship between genetically determined vitamin D and COVID‐19 using linkage disequilibrium score regression and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses, and conducted a cross‐trait GWAS meta‐analysis to identify the overlapping susceptibility loci of them. We observed a significant genetic correlation between genetically predicted vitamin D and COVID‐19 (rg = −0.143, p = 0.011), and the risk of COVID‐19 infection would decrease by 6% for every 0.76 nmol L−1 increase of serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentrations in generalized MR (OR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.89–0.99, p = 0.019). We identified rs4971066 (EFNA1) as a risk locus for the joint phenotype of vitamin D and COVID‐19. In conclusion, genetically determined vitamin D is associated with COVID‐19. Increased levels of serum 25OHD concentration may benefit the prevention and treatment of COVID‐19.
Interactions between systemic diseases and oral microbiota shifts in the aging community: A narrative review
Authors: Mosaddad Seyed Ali , Mahootchi Pegah , Safari Sajedeh , Rahimi Hussein , Aghili Seyedeh Sara 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAs a gateway to general health and a diverse microbial habitat, the oral cavity is colonized by numerous microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and archaea. Oral microbiota plays an essential role in preserving oral health. Besides, the oral cavity also significantly contributes to systemic health. Physiological aging influences all body systems, including the oral microbial inhabitants. The cited effect can cause diseases by forming dysbiotic communities. Since it has been demonstrated that microbial dysbiosis could disturb the symbiosis state between the host and the resident microorganism, shifting the condition toward a more pathogenic one, this study investigated how the oral microbial shifts in aging could associate with the development or progression of systemic diseases in older adults. The current study focused on the interactions between variations in the oral microbiome and prevalent diseases in older adults, including diabetes mellitus, Sjögren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, pulmonary diseases, cardiovascular diseases, oral candidiasis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and glaucoma. Underlying diseases can dynamically modify the oral ecology and the composition of its resident oral microbiome. Clinical, experimental, and epidemiological research suggests the associations of systemic disorders with bacteremia and inflammation after oral microbial changes in older adults.
Impact of leading Indo‐Pacific climatic modes in modulating the wave power variability and their trends in the North Indian Ocean
Authors: Volvaiker Samiksha S. , Nigam Tanuja , Gangiredla Srinivas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe present study analyses the trend and variability in wave parameters (wave height and wave period) and wave power (WP) in the North Indian Ocean (NIO). The impact of climatic modes such as El‐Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) on the WP of NIO has been investigated using the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts reanalysis datasets (ERA5) for the period 1959–2021. It is observed that along the west coast of India (WCI), the coastal WP increased from south to north during summer whereas, in winter and other seasons the WP increased from north to south. Instead, along the east coast of India (ECI), WP is higher on the north than the south, always. The annual WP climatology along the Indian coasts reveals that WP potential is higher along/adjacent to WCI than the ECI. It was observed that the total significant wave height (SWH) WP anomalies during normal and positive IOD (pIOD) events are mainly dominated by swell WP, whereas during El Niño and combined ENSO‐IOD events, dominated by wind seas. During the peak of pure El‐Niño, the SWH WP shows a basin‐wide increase in WP anomalies. However, during summer, SWH WP showed increasing trends over Bay of Bengal. It is evident from the composite analysis that annual averaged WP anomalies are decreasing in normal, pure pIOD and combined events, but El‐Niño is found to increase the WP anomalies over the Arabian Sea in the region north of 20°N. The present study advocates that a detailed analysis of WP along the Indian coastal regions is beneficial to the renewable energy industries to utilize this as an important energy resource.
Identification of Iran's rainy season and its relation to some spatial features
Authors: Asakereh Hossein , Masoodian Sayed Abolfazl , Tarkarani Fatemeh 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIdentifying the rainy season (RS) is significantly important from the meteorological, hydrological and socio‐economic points of view. In the current study, the climatology of Iran's RS was identified based on developing a definition by mainly relying on examining daily rainfall observations from 2188 stations in the period of January 1, 1971–December 31, 2015 (45 years). Accordingly, it was revealed that at most two RSs could be distinguished in Iran; and there was a widespread rainy season (WRS) covering the entire country in three consecutive months (phases). In the northwest of the country, the Alborz Mountain chains, and in the southeast of Iran, the RS was mainly interrupted by a dry season. Therefore, two RSs occurred in these areas (widespread and regional rainy seasons [RRS]). The four withdrawal phases of the RS were relatively different on the regional scales. However, they generally showed a relation with latitudes. Unlike the onset date of phases of the RS, these phases did not occur at the same intervals. The diversity of spatial factors in Iran (including geographic coordination, topographic features and sea surface temperature of surrounding seas) caused the spatial diversity of the timing of the RS. Consequently, linear relationships could not illustrate the nature of the spatial pattern of this diversity. The linear spatial relationship was statistically significant only for the onset date of the RS. The regression model used in the present study showed that despite the effect of local factors on the onset date of the RS, the major regional differences could be attributed to systems and mechanisms that probably affected the onset date of the RS from outside of the country.
Analysis of climate extremes indices in tropical South America through the RegCM4.7
Authors: da Silva Maria Leidinice , de Oliveira Cristiano Prestrelo , e Silva Cláudio Moisés Santos , de Araújo João Medeiros 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn recent decades, the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events induced by global warming have increased significantly, exerting serious impacts on the development of society and ecosystems. Based on low (RCP2.6) and high (RCP8.5) greenhouse gas emissions scenarios from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, we use the general circulation model HadGEM2‐ES that is part of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) to drive the regional climate model RegCM4.7. This study evaluated the ability of both models to simulate (1986–2005) and projection (2080–2099) spatio‐temporal features of extreme indices over tropical South America (TSA). Indices based on precipitation and daily maximum and minimum temperature follow the definitions of the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI). In general, the RegCM4.7 reproduces accordingly the spatial distribution of the ETCCDI indices derived from precipitation and temperature on the TSA, in addition to added value to HadGEM2‐ES, especially over regions of complex topography. HadGEM2‐ES performs poorly along the west coast, due to the topography and altitude of the Andes. On the other hand, it demonstrates better performance in the Amazon Basin compared to RegCM4.7. The projection results showed that climate extreme indices based on precipitation and temperature indicate that drought events may advance to the end of the century, showing a spatial pattern that precipitation will be gradually reduced in the Amazon Basin and Northeast region of Brazil. Despite some discrepancies between the models, studies like this one help us to understand how climate change can affect regional planning and development.
Occurrence and impact of carbendazim and hymexazol residues on yeast growth and ochratoxin A contamination during wine production
Authors: Zhang Ying , Wei Dongmei , Wu Xiaohu , Duan Tingting , Xu Jun , Dong Fengshou , Pan Xinglu , Zheng Yongquan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDGrapes are highly vulnerable to infection by carbon black aspergilli, which produce ochratoxin A (OTA), a mycotoxin. Carbendazim and hymexazol are widely applied to control grape diseases. Howerver, fungicides, toxigenic fungi, and OTA can be transferred from grapes to wine causing potential safety issues. The impact of these residues on fungal populations and OTA during vinification are currently unclear. Here we investigated the effects of carbendazim and hymexazol on the viability of Aspergillus carbonarius and OTA contamination during an indoor wine‐processing experiment.RESULTSThe population size of A. carbonarius substantially increased at 24 h followed by a significantly decreased at 72 h after destemming and crushing. However, carbendazim and hymexazol notably inhibited the growth of A. carbonarius in must samples. In addition, yeast growth was substantially deleyed by carbendazim, hymexazol, and OTA during the first 3 days in compared with the control. Carbendazim, hymexazol, and OTA residues declined over time, and the processing factors (PFs) for carbendazim and hymexazol throughout vinification were 0.164, 0.074, and 0.185–0.476, respectively. Carbendazim and hymexazol each reduced OTA concentrations. However, there was no significant difference after 48 h. Addition of carbendazim or hymexazol significantly reduced the level of A. carbonarius but had no significant effect on the final concentration of OTA in mature wine.CONCLUSIONThe wine‐making process can reduce the residues of OTA, carbendazim, and hymexazol in grapes, but it is recommended that grapes chosen to make wine should be free of A. carbonarius contamination. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Near‐infrared (NIR) imaging with indocyanine green (ICG) may assist in intraoperative decision making and improving surgical margin in bone and soft tissue tumor surgery
Authors: Huang Huayi , He Siyuan , Wei Renxiong , Zhu Xiaobin , Deng Zhouming , Wang Yi , Guo Liangyu , Lei Jun , Cai Lin , Xie Yuanlong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesNegative surgical margins are significant in improving patient outcomes. However, surgeons can only rely on visual and tactile information to identify tumor margins intraoperatively. We hypothesized that intraoperative fluorescence imaging with indocyanine green (ICG) could serve as an assistive technology to evaluate surgical margins and guide surgery in bone and soft tissue tumor surgery.MethodsSeventy patients with bone and soft tissue tumors were enrolled in this prospective, non‐randomized, single‐arm feasibility study. All patients received intravenous indocyanine green (0.5 mg/kg) before surgery. Near‐infrared (NIR) imaging was performed on in situ tumors, wounds, and ex vivo specimens.Results60/70 tumors were fluorescent at NIR imaging. The final surgical margins were positive in 2/55 cases, including 1/40 of the sarcomas. Surgical decisions were changed in 19 cases by NIR imaging, and in 7/19 cases final pathology demonstrated margins were improved. Fluorescence analysis showed that the tumor‐to‐background ratio (TBR) of primary malignant tumors was higher than that of benign, borderline, metastatic, and tumors ≥5 cm in size had higher TBR than those <5 cm.ConclusionsICG fluorescence imaging may be a beneficial technique to assist in surgical decision making and improving surgical margins in bone and soft tissue tumor surgery.
CyberKnife Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Growing Vestibular Schwannoma: Longitudinal Tumor Control, Hearing Outcomes, and Predicting Post‐Treatment Hearing Status
Authors: Hildrew Douglas M. , Perez Philip L. , Mady Leila J. , Li Jinhong , Nilsen Marci L. , Hirsch Barry E. 
Published: May 2023

Objectives(1) To determine tumor control rates for treating growing vestibular schwannoma (VS) with CyberKnife stereotactic radiosurgery (CK SRS); (2) to determine hearing outcomes after CK SRS; (3) to propose a set of variables that could be used to predict hearing outcomes for patients receiving CK SRS for VS.Study DesignRetrospective case series review.Methods127 patients who received CK SRS for radiographically documented growing VS were reviewed. Tumors were monitored for post‐procedure growth radiographically with linear measurements and three‐dimensional segmental volumetric analysis (3D‐SVA). Hearing outcomes were reviewed for 109 patients. Cox proportional hazard modeling was used to identify variables correlated with hearing outcomes.ResultsTumor control rate was 94.5% for treating VS with CK SRS. Hearing outcomes were categorized using the American Academy of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery (AAO‐HNS) classification system. As of their last available audiogram, 33.3% of patients with pre‐treatment class A and 26.9% of patients with class B retained their hearing in that class. 15.3% of patients starting with class A or B with extended follow‐up (>60 months), maintained hearing within this same grouping. Our final model proposed to predict hearing outcomes included age, fundal cap distance (FCD), tumor volume, and maximum radiation dose to the cochlea; however, FCD was the only statistically significant variable.ConclusionCK SRS is an effective treatment for control of VS. Hearing preservation by class was achieved in a third of patients. Finally, FCD was found to be protective against hearing loss.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:S1–S12, 2024
Resolution Improvement of Structured Illumination Microscopy using Non‐Diffraction‐Limited Point‐Scanned Fluorescence Fringe
Authors: Zheng Xiaomin , Wang Lei , Wang Meiting , Wu Wenshuai , Chen Jiajie , Qu Junle , Gao Bruce Zhi , Shao Yonghong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTo further improve the resolving ability of structured illumination microscopy (SIM), a space‐time‐modulation–based laser‐scanning structured illumination microscopy (LSSIM) technique is presented in which a non‐diffraction‐limited non‐sinusoidal cumulative fluorescence fringe is generated in samples by point scanning the modulated excitation beam. The higher‐frequency information of samples can be mixed using the cumulative fringes with unlimited frequency into the passband of a confocal system. The non‐sinusoidal intensity‐modulated function used in LSSIM is specifically designed as a combination of cosine functions with different orders. The resolving ability of LSSIM experimentally by imaging fluorescent beads and bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells with stained F‐actin is demonstrated. The results demonstrate three‐fold resolution enhancement over the confocal system, surpassing the resolving ability of conventional SIM. Moreover, the optical system is a simple modification of laser‐scanning confocal microscopy, making LSSIM more compatible with other techniques and suitable for biomedical research without the specific requirements for fluorescent dyes.
Manipulating the Chirality of Moiré Metasurface by Symmetry Breaking
Authors: Lyu Bokun , Li Yang , Jia Qianwen , Li Haojie , Yang Guoxia , Cao Fengzhao , Kou Supeng , Liu Dahe , Cao Tun , Li Guixin , Shi Jinwei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe chirality of materials is of great significance in many fields. Metasurfaces with chirality have attracted great attention in the past decades because of their ability to miniaturize the device into the nanoscale. An important class of chiral metasurfaces is the Moiré pattern assembled by two layers of metasurfaces. However, Moiré metasurfaces usually have limited circular dichroism. Here, the origin and the limiting factor of the chirality of Moiré metasurfaces using the chiral coupled oscillator model is analyzed. It is demonstrated that, with the help of a non‐Hermitian Hamiltonian, the chirality can be improved by breaking the symmetry in the positive and negative k directions. The best result is achieved when both the two components have lowest transmission. In addition, the chiral anisotropy of a Moiré metasurface in full momentum space is studied, and it is shown that the chirality can be further improved in certain directions. The chiral anisotropy of Moiré metasurfaces may be used in applications such as optical information storage, structured color, unidirectional light coupling, sensitive chiral sensors, chiral nonlinear optics, chiral lasers, and Bose–Einstein condensation.
Quintic Dispersion Soliton Frequency Combs in a Microresonator
Authors: Zhang Shuangyou , Bi Toby , Del'Haye Pascal 
Published: May 2023

AbstractChip‐scale optical frequency combs have attracted significant research interest and can be used in applications ranging from precision spectroscopy to telecom channel generators and lidar systems. In the time domain, microresonator based frequency combs correspond to self‐stabilized soliton pulses. In two distinct regimes, microresonators are shown to emit either bright solitons in the anomalous dispersion regime or dark solitons (a short time of darkness in a bright background signal) in the normal dispersion regime. Here, the dynamics of continuous‐wave‐laser‐driven soliton generation is investigated in the zero‐group‐velocity‐dispersion regime as well as the generation of solitons that are spectrally crossing different dispersion regimes. In the measurements, zero‐dispersion solitons with multipeak structures (soliton molecules) are observed with distinct and predictable spectral envelopes that are a result of fifth‐order dispersion of the resonators. Numerical simulations and the analysis of bifurcation structures agree well with the observed soliton states. This is the first observation of soliton generation that is governed by fifth‐order dispersion, which can have applications in ultrafast optics, telecom systems, and optical spectroscopy.