bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Four Attributes of Cyber Operations
Authors: Lonergan Erica D. , Lonergan Shawn W. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Chapter 2 presents a systematic discussion of the four characteristics of cyber operations that form the foundation of the theory. It first explores the role of secrecy in cyber operations. Secrecy is essential for operational success; revealing information about operations to gain access to a target, and efforts to develop tools (particularly highly tailored ones) prior to or during the course of an operation can negate their effectiveness. Also, states often take advantage of the plausible deniability that cyberspace enables to avoid being held responsible for cyber attacks. This is not an absolute requirement to ensure operational effectiveness but, rather, a strategic decision. Next, it evaluates the range of requirements associated with planning and conducting offensive cyber operations. While cyberspace is often described as having low barriers to entry, many operations are in fact difficult to plan and execute and demand a level of operator skill, organizational maturity, and strategic patience to successfully implement. The chapter describes in detail some of the hurdles associated with gaining access, obtaining effects, and timing. The third aspect of cyber operations is the inherent limitations on cost generation. Specifically, cyberspace presents a problematic tool for imposing decisive and meaningful costs on a target, particularly at a magnitude comparable to that of offensive operations employing conventional or, certainly, nuclear munitions. Moreover, sustaining costly effects over time is even more challenging. Finally, the chapter evaluates the inextricable link between intelligence (including cyber intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance) and military cyber operations.
Hays Is for Horses
Authors: Shiovitz Brynn W. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Chapter 6 examines the radical aesthetic shift that animation technology made possible. It documents how this transition not only aided in what was imaginable artistically, technically, visually, and sonically but also how it naturalized laws of the appropriate and ethical as governed by Breen’s iteration of the Production Code. Much of what the Code deemed unacceptable in live action film was excused by the censors when the representation was not “real.” Focusing on those qualities that give animation a “moral” advantage, the chapter assesses how anthropomorphism, technology, and dis-figuration contributed to the censors’ “blindness.” The art of animation lends itself more freely than acting by humans to concepts such as imitation, exaggeration, and buffoonery. The protean takes on the ability to transform humans into animals and vice versa; animation technology’s capacity to sever voice from visible image further nuances covert minstrelsy’s sonic component, altering the citational soundscape at the most minute levels. The protean guise, along with the sonic, allows a single body part to perform on its own, disappear, or re-assemble itself to another part of the body to create a new form, and technology allows this transformation to appear seamless. Looking at a world where all this is possible, chapter 6 discusses the innumerable coatings that have been applied to our screen.
Making Spaces for Youth
Authors: Poyntz Stuart R. , Sefton-Green Julian , Frey Heather Fitzsimmons 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This chapter examines the new politics and economics of urban space that emerged in London, Toronto, and Vancouver toward the end of the 20th century. Each city went through a varied period of neoliberal transition dominated by a move toward a social–cultural politics of creative cities, creative economic development, and securitization for and in response to youth. YouthSites emerged in this context as “a gathering force” for young people—a place for learning, connection, and sometimes refuge amid the shifting ground of urban life. Organizations in London (Paddington Arts), Toronto (Oasis Skateboard Factory), and Vancouver (South Asian Arts) have played roles in negotiating processes of gentrification and the discourses of creativity and fear in cities, while creating new spaces of youth belonging. The chapter concludes by addressing how these organizations have worked as spaces of refuge when relationships between youth and the state have changed and often become harder and leaner.
The Progeny of H. R. Giger
Authors: Robinson Christopher L. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
H. R. Giger’s contributions to Alien were so extensive that many speak of the film as a cinematic realization of the artist’s oeuvre. His designs have transformed the aesthetics of the science fiction and horror genres, as illustrated by Star Trek, Predator, and The Matrix. In his work on Alien, Giger employed the same style, themes, and motifs as his biomechanical art. A nightmarish double of Donna Haraway’s cyborg, and a casebook study of Noël Carroll’s category jamming, Giger’s Alien breaks down the binary divisions between body and machine, human and non-human, male and female, death and birth, beauty and terror. His exploration of the impact of technology on organic bodies leads many viewers to think of Giger’s biomechanics as futuristic, but retrofuturistic would be the more appropriate term, as illustrated by his designs for the derelict spacecraft and extraterrestrial pilot in Alien, as well as his earlier designs for Jodorowsky’s unrealized Dune. In the sequels and prequels of the Alien franchise, however, the artist’s creations are stripped of their key stylistic traits and molded to fit more traditional ways of thinking about technology, life-forms, sexual reproduction, and more.
“Building Better Worlds”
Authors: Walden Kim 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
As transmedia film franchising developed with its characteristic reboots, sequels, prequels, and shared cinematic universes, promotion costs rose in an increasingly crowded and competitive marketplace. As a consequence, film marketeers have devised correspondingly creative approaches to promotion using the online environment and social media. This chapter considers the evolution of online film marketing, as blockbusters transformed into transmedia franchises expanding their storytelling across media platforms. Through an examination of the award-winning promotional campaigns for Ridley Scott’s Prometheus (2012) and Alien: Covenant (2017), the chapter will consider how transmedia film marketing campaigns have grown to include fictional evil corporate website worlds, “exclusive” events at media conventions (cons), personalized advertising, experiential advertising like VR simulations, and franchise universe sites. This investigation concludes that the reason Alien’s transmedia marketing is so compelling lies in its close proximity to the film’s production. As a consequence, these marketing campaigns are arguably becoming as entertaining as the films themselves. So, one of Alien’s legacies is that its “advertising is part of the picture.”
“What the Hell Is That?”
Authors: Wible Zoé N. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Over the course of forty years, Alien (Scott, 1979) has expanded into various media, including novels, comic books, and video games. Nonetheless, the nature of the titular alien appears eminently fluid, sometimes even contradictory, as exemplified by the discrepancy between its origin story as presented in the films Alien vs Predator (2004) and Prometheus (2012). In different texts, the alien is presented as either solitary, pack-oriented, or part of a hive-mind, and it resembles an insect, a reptile, or even a biomechanical creation. Its lifecycle, diet, hunting strategies, and mating habits are also diversely explored, mobilizing knowledge of popular science regarding biology and zoology. Using cognitive media studies, this paper will show how categories and schemas are mobilized by the creators in order to encourage a classification of the alien that furthers the narrative and aesthetic purposes of a specific work, favoring different strategies for affective impact depending on the genre and medium. The figure of the alien remains radically malleable and shifting, presenting an “alternative species logic” (Hurley 1995; Littau 2011). In particular, the type, number, and length of encounters between the alien(s) and the human characters (and, by proxy, the audience) vary greatly from text to text, revealing different aesthetic goals, and impacting our understanding of the alien as a creature.
CDC Yellow Book 2024
Authors:   Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Published: March 2023

Abstract
For over half a century, the CDC Yellow Book has been providing travel health professionals with the information they need to prepare their patients for safe and healthy travel abroad. Along with disease- and destination-based recommendations for vaccines and precautions, the book serves as a guide to understanding and addressing the various health threats that can come with all types of international travel. Last published in 2019, this latest edition updates readers on the changes in the practice of travel medicine that have occurred over the past 4 years, including COVID-19. Long the most trusted book of its kind, the CDC Yellow Book is a valuable resource in the ever-changing field of medicine, and an ever-changing world. NEW IN THE 2024 EDITION • The most current information on preparing for international travel during the COVID-19 pandemic and links to find updated information on the CDC and other US Government websites • The latest Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices vaccine recommendations (including cholera vaccine for children, revised rabies preexposure prophylaxis guidance, and tick-borne encephalitis vaccine) • Updates on practicing travel medicine in a virtual environment • Preparing Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer people for safe international travel • Expanded information for Highly Allergic Travelers • Preparing international travelers who have substance use issues and substance use disorders to travel safely • Information on traveling internationally with Pets & Service Animals • Expanded information on Popular Itineraries • Recommended management approaches to people who return from international travel with Delusional Parasitosis
Travel-Associated Infections & Diseases
Authors: Nemhauser Jeffrey 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Content and chapters appearing in Part 1 (Bacterial) of Section 5 (Travel-Associated Infections & Diseases) include: 1. Vaccine-Preventable Diseases Table: Bacterial 2. Anthrax 3. Bartonella Infections 4. Brucellosis 5. Campylobacteriosis 6. Cholera 7. Diphtheria 8. Escherichia coli, Diarrheagenic 9. Helicobacter pylori 10. Legionnaires' Disease & Pontiac Fever 11. Leptospirosis 12. Lyme Disease 13. Melioidosis 14. Meningococcal Disease 15. Pertussis / Whooping Cough 16. Plague 17. Pneumococcal Disease 18. Q Fever 19. Rickettsial Diseases 20. Salmonellosis, Nontyphoidal 21. Shigellosis 22. Tetanus 23. Tuberculosis 24. Perspectives: Testing Travelers for Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection 25. Typhoid & Paratyphoid Fever 26. Yersiniosis
Health Care Abroad
Authors: Nemhauser Jeffrey 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Chapters appearing in this section include: 1. Travel Insurance, Travel Health Insurance & Medical Evacuation Insurance 2. Obtaining Health Care Abroad 3. Perspectives: Avoiding Poorly Regulated Medicines & Medical Products During Travel 4. Medical Tourism Purchasing travel insurance, travel health insurance, medical evacuation insurance policies before international travel; obtaining health care abroad; guidance regarding use of medications and medical products obtained internationally; guidance for people who travel internationally to receive health care (medical tourists)
Travel by Air, Land & Sea
Authors: Nemhauser Jeffrey 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Chapters in this section include: 1. Air Travel 2. Perspectives: Responding to Medical Emergencies when Flying 3. Deep Vein Thrombosis & Pulmonary Embolism 4. Jet Lag 5. Road & Traffic Safety 6. Cruise Ship Travel 7. Motion Sickness 8. Airplanes & Cruise Ships: Illness & Death Reporting & Public Health Interventions
The Border Between Seeing and Thinking
Authors: Block Ned 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This book argues that there is a joint in nature between seeing and thinking, perception, and cognition. Perception is constitutively iconic, nonconceptual, and nonpropositional, whereas cognition does not have these properties constitutively. The book does not appeal to “intuitions,” as is common in philosophy, but to empirical evidence, including experiments in neuroscience and psychology. The book argues that cognition affects perception, i.e., that perception is cognitively penetrable, but that this does not impugn the joint in nature. A key part of the argument is that we perceive not only low-level properties like colors, shapes, and textures but also high-level properties such as faces and causation. Along the way, the book explains the difference between perception and perceptual memory, the differences between format and content, and whether perception is probabilistic despite our lack of awareness of probabilistic properties. The book argues for perceptual categories that are not concepts, that perception need not be singular, that perceptual attribution and perceptual discrimination are equally fundamental, and that basic features of the mind known as “core cognition” are not a third category in between perception and cognition. The chapter on consciousness leverages these results to argue against some of the most widely accepted theories of consciousness. Although only one chapter is about consciousness, much of the rest of the book repurposes work on consciousness to isolate the scientific basis of perception.
Two kinds of seeing-as and singular content
Authors: Block Ned 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This chapter argues that there are two kinds of seeing-as—nonconceptual perceptual attribution and minimal immediate direct perceptual judgment. Against Tyler Burge and Susanna Schellenberg, it argues that there are some cases of perception that do not involve figure/ground segregation that may be usefully construed as existential rather than singular for some purposes. Examples include the ganzfeld perception and seeing motion in the periphery without seeing a moving object. More generally, the chapter argues we can usefully construe perception as singular for some purposes and as existential for other purposes, but neither of these categories mesh with the fundamental nature of perception, involving ideas that make more sense as applied to language than to perception. So there is no fact of the matter as to whether perception is constitutively singular. The chapter also casts some doubt on Burge’s constancy criterion for perception. The chapter further argues that perceptual discrimination and attribution are both fundamental and neither reduces to the other. The ganzfeld perception is a plausible case of attribution without discrimination. But many putative cases of discrimination without attribution seem flawed. Discrimination is always discrimination in a respect, suggesting attribution of such a respect in all discrimination. The chapter goes on to discuss bias as a test case for the two kinds of seeing-as, concluding that one kind of bias is not perceptual. This illustrates one way of telling the difference between perception and perceptual judgment. Since perception and perceptual judgment fall on opposite sides of the joint in nature that this book is concerned with, this evidence gives an illustration of distinguishing between them. Finally, it discusses the evidence for evaluative perception, arguing it has not been demonstrated.
Neural evidence that perception is nonconceptual
Authors: Block Ned 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This chapter is about experiments that aim to isolate the neural basis of conscious perception, but in line with the methodology discussed in Chapter 1, I am putting the issues of consciousness to one side, focusing on the neural basis of perception itself as contrasted with the neural basis of perceptual judgment. The chapter discusses the “no-report” paradigm not from the point of view of homing in on the neural basis of consciousness independently of report but rather from the point of view of separating perception from the cognitive processes underlying report. The global workspace and higher order theories of consciousness are implicitly committed to conscious perception being conceptual, as I will show in Chapter 13. What this chapter is about is neural evidence that perception is nonconceptual. I distinguish between phenomenal consciousness of perception, what it is like to have a perceptual experience, and access-consciousness, cognitive access to the perceptual content. Cognitive access to perceptual content is indeed conceptual but the perceptual content itself, or rather the state that has the perceptual content, is not conceptual. The chapter explains this point by noting what is by now a well known problem in identifying the neural basis of perception: Experiments typically require responses such as pressing one button rather than another, and it is difficult to see how to separate the neural basis of the perception itself from the neural basis of the cognitive processes involved in deciding on a response (Block, 1995a; 1997b). Those cognitive processes include deciding how the task set by the experimenter fits with the perception, maintaining the representation of the task and the perceptual categories in working memory and deploying those working memory representations in deciding what the response should be. This problem is especially acute when it comes to isolating the nonconceptual ground of perception, since the subjects’ cognitive processing will inevitably involve perceptual judgments and the application of concepts required for judgments. In addressing this problem, this chapter distinguishes the “no-report” paradigm from the “no-cognition” paradigm in the context of the “bored monkey” problem and the controversy over binocular rivalry and consciousness. Recent evidence showing that the “bored monkey” problem is an important factor using a mind-wandering technique will be presented.
Cognitive penetration is common but does not challenge the joint
Authors: Block Ned 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The main aim of this book is to argue for a joint in nature between cognition and perception even if perception is cognitively penetrable. There are many different notions of cognitive penetration, even when one excludes notions based on the epistemology of perception and even when one focuses on issues of cognitive architecture. This chapter discusses some of the many notions of cognitive penetration, arguing that on the most central versions, there is cognitive penetration but that it does not challenge a joint between perception and cognition. The main examples of cognitive penetration involve ambiguous stimuli and feature-based attention. The chapter presents cases that would be counted as cognitive penetration by many common standards, though it will often focus on the Fodor/Pylyshyn idea of cognitive penetration as a direct influence of a cognitive state on the content of a perceptual state in virtue of the contents of both states.
Core cognition and perceptual analogs of concepts
Authors: Block Ned 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This chapter discusses whether borderline cases challenge a joint in nature, focusing on a borderline case that putatively has properties that are fundamental to both sides. In particular, the issue is discussed of whether the phenomena of “core cognition” have properties that are fundamental to both perception and cognition. Such cases would be candidates for conceptual perception which would impugn the joint in nature that this book argues for. The chapter starts with a discussion of the perception of causation, arguing that the evidence for perceptual representation of causation is now overwhelming and that “core cognition” of causation can be divided into the perceptual and the cognitive. Similar results apply to numerosity. The conclusion is that “core cognition” is a heterogeneous mixture of perception and cognition.
What to Expect when Starting Psychotherapy
Authors: Simeon Daphne , Abugel Jeffrey 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This chapter reviews the steps involved in evaluating patients who may have depersonalization/derealization disorder (DDD), along with basic psychoeducational and psychotherapeutic principles that facilitate the initiation of treatment. Nine topics that often come up at the start of psychotherapy with DDD patients, and are very helpful to address early on, are formulated and discussed. These are labeling and normalization; knowing what depersonalization/derealization (dpdr) is and is not; the question of what “caused” it; addressing the seeming physicality of dpdr symptoms; the sense of loss of control; the fear of passing on dpdr to one’s offspring and pregnancy; symptom monitoring and the use of a diary; dpdr-related obsessions and compulsions; and meaning making, especially in the case of drug-induced dpdr.
Waste
Authors: Szymanski Erika 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
As with other industries, winemaking generates waste, including loads of grape solids that may seem innocuous but aren’t. A whole additional set of industries has cropped up around trying to make winery waste useful, including traditional solutions and a long list of new “valorization” ideas, such as converting pomace and vine trimmings into energy. Whether or not those putative solutions are practical largely comes down to infrastructure and economies of scale. Winery-rich regions can support winery waste industries, large wineries can afford to develop their own solutions, and small wineries may manage small-scale waste on their own—but who gets left out in the middle? This chapter addresses the challenges of sustainable winery waste disposal from grappa to biogas in the context of why sustainability is an institutional problem.
Health
Authors: Szymanski Erika 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
You probably aren’t allergic to wine. Few people are, though far more are anxious about wine’s health effects for one reason or another. Wine does pose a serious immediate threat to a small number of people. Everyone should care about the long-term risks of chronic alcohol over-consumption—even though research can’t simply tell you how much is too much. The recent spate of concern about whether mainstream wines contain toxins or other contaminants, in contrast, has everything to do with marketing and very little to do with science. This chapter reviews the current state of wine allergy and wine sensitivity research, mistruths at the heart of “clean” wine, and how values complicate the business of trying to establish limits for safe and healthy alcohol consumption.