bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of Implant Supported Fixed Dental Prosthesis Framework - CAD/CAM as a Key Player
Authors: Mundathaje Mahesh , Rodrigues Shobha , Kabekkodu Lakshmipallavi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To know the importance of CAD/CAM in the fabrication of implant retained prosthesis framework
Review of the studies showing the fit of the implant prosthesis framework fabricated by CAD/CAM

Discussion:
Initially, CAD/CAM was used to fabricate implant components from titanium and titanium alloy. To date, CAD/CAM is the only way of producing implant components from high-strength ceramics such as densely sintered alumina and partially stabilized zirconia.
The accuracy can be measured by vertical fit of CAD/CAM frameworks ranged from 1 to 27μm which was significantly better than cast implant frameworks. In addition, a similar level of fit was observed for implant CAD/CAM frameworks produced from zirconia and titanium.
CAD/CAM produces zirconia workpieces that require no subsequent alteration, unnecessary weakening is avoided. This ensures durability of the prosthesis. Maximal abutment and framework thickness is desirable and increases the fracture resistance. The risk of veneering ceramic fracture is expected to be minimized in the future by the continuously improving veneering strategies.
In comparison to the lost wax/casting protocol, CAD/CAM is much simpler and requires less technical time and involvement. The whole CAD/CAM process is fully automated following the scanning step.

Conclusion:
CAD/CAM plays a key role in fabrication of implant prosthesis framework because of bypassing most of the laboratory works and manual handling. By using CAD/CAM frameworks, fixed partial or full-arch dental prostheses can be fabricated.

Clinical significance:
Application of CAD/CAM is cost effective as well as less chair-side adjustments required especially with prosthesis requiring frameworks.
Comparison of Various Properties of a Silorane Based Dental Composite with Two Methacrylate Based Dental Composites
Authors: Mustaza Teh A. , Braden Michael , Patel Mangala P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe synthesis of a new monomer system named silorane (obtained from the reaction of oxirane and siloxane molecules) gave way to the production of a novel low shrinkage silorane based composite. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare some physical properties of a silorane based composite (Filtek Silorane, 3MESPE) to those of two well-known low shrinkage methacrylate-based composites (Filtek Supreme XT, 3MESPE; Esthet X HD, Dentsply). The study also includes the effect of external media (food simulating solutions; distilled water, artificial saliva, 25% ethanol, coconut oil and Coke) on the three composites. Methods: Cured samples underwent water absorption (with immersion in food simulating solutions) and desorption. The data were analysed; the water absorption and desorption profiles were mapped, the diffusion coefficients and solubility of each sample were calculated. Curing efficiency was measured on the top and bottom surfaces of cured composite samples using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Finally, the temperature profile during polymerisation of each composite sample was mapped, allowing the calculation of the sample‘s maximum exotherm. Results: From the results obtained from these experiments, overall, the properties of Filtek Silorane are comparable with those of Filtek Supreme XT and Esthet X HD.
Surface Roughness of Tooth Coloured Materials after Streptococcus Mutans Culture
Authors: Mohamad D. , Ab-Ghani Z. , Sidek M.M. , Zaldi M.I.H.A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSurface texture of a dental material may cause nonaesthetic appearance, secondary caries and periodontal problem. Factors influencing surface roughness include the type of the material, its filler, and exposure to bacterial accumulation. The aim of this study was to investigate surface roughness of glass ionomer cement (GIC) and resin composite (CR). A total of 112 specimens consisting of Fuji II LC (microfilled GIC), Ketac N100 (nanofilled GIC), Z250 (microfilled composite) and Z350 (nanofilled composite) were used. All specimens were packed in acrylic mould, light cured for 40 s and polished with Sof-Lex discs. The samples were divided in<to two groups of 7 and 24 hrs (n=7). Ra values were assessed at baseline and after bacterial colonization using Atomic Force Microscope (AFM, Ambios, USA). The data was analyzed using SPSS version 20 and the level of significance had been set at p < 0.05. After 7 hrs of Streptococcus Mutans culture, only Fuji II LC showed a significant change in the Ra with p value of 0.031. Furthermore, Ra value of Fuji II LC was significantly different from the other test materials with P=0.000. There was also a significant difference in Z250 when compared to Ketac Nano.(Fuji II>Ketac Nano>Filtek Z250). After 24-hrs culture with Streptococcus Mutans, all materials were significantly different P=0.000 from each other, except between Z350 and Z250. (Fuji II>Ketac Nano>Filtek Z250=Filtek Z350). There was no significant difference between 7 and 24 hrs in all tested materials. In conclusion, in the early stages of bacterial growth; after 7 and 24 hrs culture with Streptococcus Mutans. the microfilled GIC shows the highest surface roughness, followed by nanofilled GIC and the resin composites.
The Global AM Radio Conundrum:
Authors: Punnett Ian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDue to electronic radio frequency encroachment, AM radio signal quality is deteriorating. As a result, the U.S. FCC is offering unprecedented technical assistance. This exploratory study documents the disposition of media managers about the future of the AM band in North America and Europe, the recent FCC’s efforts and role of new digital technologies. Findings show that elite interviewees offered candid and surprising comments on the state of AM radio and the advent of digital delivery.
New Media, New Structures: How Digital Journalists Frame Renewable Energy Stories
Authors: Zukas Keith Joseph 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHow do online media professionals educate the public about environmental impacts of energy issues? While past research suggests media utilize concise episodic frames to clearly convey the news, this study found that for environmental energy topics, communicators used thematic frames to more thoroughly articulate complex scientific energy issues for online audiences. Thus, journalistic framing of energy issues can highlight environmental impacts through more informative online science communication.
Political Advertising in Nigeria’s Emergent Democratic Process: An Overview of the 2007 Presidential Election
Authors: Okwechime Chudi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn an evolving democracy like Nigeria it is doubtful how much political advertisements can impact on the outcome of elections. This study assesses the effect of political advertising on the voting pattern of Nigerians during the 2007 presidential election. This election is particularly worthy of scrutiny because it marked an unprecedented transition from one elected government to another in Nigeria after years of military dictatorship. Although judged as peaceful, the election is said to have been flawed by serious electoral malpractices by International Observers; and the country is once more neck-deep in preparations for a similar election in 2015. The study is limited to advertising in newspapers which carried mostly full page advertisements in full colours and employed the survey technique using a structured questionnaire to gather data from respondents. Three hundred and eighty-five copies of these were distributed across the six geopolitical zones of the country and the Federal Capital Territory, with 370 copies duly completed and returned. The study relied on two rhetorical theories – Muzafer Sherif’s Social Judgment theory and George Herbert Mead’s theory of Symbolic Interactionism. Frequency count and simple percentages were used for the presentation and analysis of findings. Descriptive statistics were used to address research questions and the hypotheses were tested with the Pearson Product-Moment Correlation. The study is significant in that it has provided empirical evidence that during 2007 Presidential election in Nigeria, political advertisements in newspapers provided new and convincing information about the candidates; facilitated voters’ understanding of the issues canvassed; helped increase the approval rating of favoured candidates; and significantly reinforced their decision to vote for particular candidates but failed to influence changes in voting pattern. In view of its findings, the study recommends that although political advertising is highly beneficial in the political mobilization process, it cannot replace rallies and other forms of interpersonal communication in Nigeria.
Media Coverage of Ferguson, Missouri: A Normative Approach
Authors: Strahle Ann 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study seeks to examine media coverage of the Ferguson, Missouri racial tensions and police action following the grand jury decision, with a focus on stories which include religious leaders, religious comments, or those that take place in community churches or religious centers. Through a mixed-methods approach of critical discourse analysis and a normative analysis of the coverage, the research attempts to bring understanding of the role religion plays within the media, and provide suggestions as to how the media can cover religion more effectively not only during times of unrest, but on a more regular basis.
Soap operas: A Potential tool for women empowerment
Authors: Iqbal Mubeena , Abdar Khairunnisa 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Eastern society has come a long way in terms of progress and development. Yet, gender inequality is an issue that still needs to be addressed. Although many women in these places have attained greater heights, majority of women in these areas still find education and career development a struggle. In this study, we analyze the media portrayal of the educational qualification and career choices of the female characters of the soap operas. We consider soap operas broadcast by Hum TV during the prime time and analyze the extent to which gender biasing still exists in terms of education and career. We seek to highlight how a positive portrayal of women in soap operas can effectively change perceptions and promote the independence of women with respect to career and education in real situations.
Social Penetration by Social Media Usage
Authors: Perbawaningsih Yudi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIndonesia has a cultural value that women must be married. Therefore, women above 25 years and do not yet show signs for getting married will be the society’s gossip.To overcome the issues, parents usually help find a mate for her daughter, known as “match” or “forced marriages” regardless she is willing or not. On the other hand, women who looking for a mate through a dating agency are also considered as not good. In this condition, social media in Indonesia is very welcomed. The development of interpersonal relationship process becomes easier and faster.Through conversation analysis the research shows that the social media changes the way we communicate and build interpersonal relation. It also changes the characters and the quality of interpersonal relationships. In the context of intercultural communication,symbols of communication are strongly bound by any culture, rather than inter-cultural relations based on conventional media.
The Correlation Indicators and Traits of Morpho-economic Characteristics of Foreign and Local Genotypes of Mungbean in the Field Conditions of the Tashkent Region
Authors: A. E. Hakimov , Z. M. Ziyaev , A. B. Elmurodov , DJ. R. Pirnazarov , A. A. Narimanov , J. Shavkiev , D. V. Solieva 
Published: August 2023

The article reveals the morphological and economic characteristics of plants of 25 local and foreign genotypes of mung bean crops in the field conditions of Uzbekistan: the height of the main stem, the distance between the ground and the branch, the number of the bearing yield branches, number of pods per plant, the pod weight, the pod length, number of grains in a pod, one pod in a pod, grain weight and the weight of 1000 grains as well as the results of their correlation analysis.
According to the morphological and economic characteristics of plants of 25 local and foreign genotypes of mung bean crops in the field conditions of the Tashkent region it was determined that the local varieties Durdona, Baraka, Barkaror, Marzhon, the local line of L-8, L-22, L-88, L-92, and foreign lines AVMU2003, AVMU2004, AVMU1681, AVMU2002 have higher rates compared to other varieties and lines. It has been found that there is a strong positive relationship between the number of grains in a pod and the weight of grains in a pod, as well as the weight of grains in a pod at a weight of 1000 grains.
Connections between Anti-Excedance and Excedance on the \(\Gamma\)1-non Deranged Permutations
Authors: Ibrahim M. , Isah S. H. 
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we investigated anti-excedance statistics in \(\Gamma\)1-non deranged permutations, the permutation which fixes the first element in the permutations. This was accomplished by employing prime integers p \(\ge\) 5 in various calculations using this approach. The anti-excedance on \(\Gamma\)1- non deranged permutations is redefined in this study. The recursive formula for the anti-excedance number and excedance number is generated, we also show that anti-excedance tops sum for any \(\omega\)\(\mathit{i}\)-1 \(\in\)Gp\(\Gamma\)1 is equal to the excedance tops sum of \(\omega\)\(\mathit{i}\) \(\in\)Gp\(\Gamma\)1 . Similarly, we observed those anti-excedance bottoms sum for any \(\omega\)\(\mathit{i}\)-1 \(\in\)Gp\(\Gamma\)1 is equal to the excedance bottoms sum of \(\omega\)\(\mathit{i}\) \(\in\)Gp\(\Gamma\)1 other properties were also observed.
Evaluation of Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotypes under Organic Condition
Authors: Verma Vishal , Gathiye Gabu Singh , Biswal Manorajan , Kumar Anil 
Published: August 2023

Aims: The improvement in crop yield depends upon the magnitude of genetic variability available in breeding material and the extent to which the yield component traits are heritable from generation to generation.
Study Design: Randomized Block Design.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi (U.P.) between October 2019 and June 2020.
Methodology: A field experiment was conducted using twenty-two genotypes of chickpea in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications along with plot size of 1.20 x 1 m and the plant geometry was maintained at 10cm X 30cm during Rabi 2019-20. The material was shown on 23rd October, 2019. Observations were recorded on the basis of five random competitive plants selected from each genotype separately for yield and its attributing parameters were evaluated as per standard procedure.
Results: The genotypes were highly significant for all characters expect day to 50% germination, number of primary branches per plant, root fresh weight and root dry weight. High phenotypic coefficient of variance (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variance (GCV) were observed for number of nodules per plant, number of pods per plant and number of seeds per pod. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percentage of mean for number of nodules per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, test weight, seed yield per plant and biological yield per plant.
Conclusion: Highly significant genetic variability present in the existing material which can be used in breeding programme for crop improvement. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance for number of nodules per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, test weight, seed yield per plant and biological yield per plant, hence, that these traits can be improved through direct selection.
Investigating the Attainment Gap in Academic Performance of Minoritised Ethnic Groups for a STEM Related Subject
Authors: Sofroniou Anastasia , Premnath Bhairavi 
Published: August 2023

This paper addresses the attainment gap in academic performance for students of Minoritised and non-minoritised ethnicity, studying Discrete Mathematics, an undergraduate university level module, whereby an investigation of the effect of an intervention in one of the assessments is undertaken and statistically analysed. The attainment gap faced by the students of the UK higher education sector is concerning and between students of minoritised ethnic background and their counterparts, there is a sizeable achievement disparity in the education system. These groups' divergent academic performance is referred to as the attainment, and socioeconomic disadvantage, cultural hurdles, and institutional bias have all acted as a setback for the students from Black, Asian, and Minority Ethnic communities. However, there are obstacles to putting this strategy into practise, such as the need for suitable pedagogical techniques and assistance for students from different ethnic circumstances. Creating inclusive teaching methods in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) subjects that consider the linguistic and cultural diversity of the student is necessary to address these hindrances. Higher educational institutions can contribute to reducing the achievement gap for minoritised ethnic groups and fostering greater equity and social mobility by encouraging the teaching and study of modules in a responsive manner. Continuous analysis and study on the discrepancies faced by the students at their institutions should be performed to reduce this gap whilst promoting diversity. Moreover, a comparison over two academic years relative to the overall academic performance of students, considering the minoritised ethnic cohort, is accomplished so as to measure the approach’s validity. The results from the performance ratio, t-test, hypothesis testing, effect size, chi-squared test, categorical variable analysis and the Cronbach alpha measure, all feed into and confirm the reliability of the study hence validating the positive impact of the intervention.
Glycolytic lactate production supports status epilepticus in experimental animals
Authors: Skwarzynska Daria , Sun Huayu , Kasprzak Izabela , Sharma Supriya , Williamson John , Kapur Jaideep 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveStatus epilepticus (SE) requires rapid intervention to prevent cerebral injury and mortality. The ketogenic diet, which bypasses glycolysis, is a promising remedy for patients with refractory SE. We tested the role of glycolytic lactate production in sustaining SE.MethodsExtracellular lactate and glucose concentration during a seizure and SE in vivo was measured using lactate and glucose biosensors. A lactate dehydrogenase inhibitor, oxamate, blocked pyruvate to lactate conversion during SE. Video‐EEG recordings evaluated seizure duration, severity, and immunohistochemistry was used to determine neuronal loss. Genetically encoded calcium indicator GCaMP7 was used to study the effect of oxamate on CA1 pyramidal neurons in vitro. Spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs) were recorded from CA1 neurons to study oxamate's impact on neurotransmission.ResultsThe extracellular glucose concentration dropped rapidly during seizures, and lactate accumulated in the extracellular space. Inhibition of pyruvate to lactate conversion with oxamate terminated SE in mice. There was less neuronal loss in treated compared to control mice. Oxamate perfusion decreased tonic and phasic neuronal activity of GCaMP7‐expressing CA1 pyramidal neurons in vitro. Oxamate application reduced the frequency, but not amplitude of sEPSCs recorded from CA1 neurons, suggesting an effect on the presynaptic glutamatergic neurotransmission.InterpretationA single seizure and SE stimulate lactate production. Diminishing pyruvate to lactate conversion with oxamate terminated SE and reduced associated neuronal death. Oxamate reduced neuronal excitability and excitatory neurotransmission at the presynaptic terminal. Glycolytic lactate production sustains SE and is an attractive therapeutic target.
Combining Chitosan, Stearic Acid, and (Cu‐, Zn‐) MOFs to Prepare Robust Superhydrophobic Coatings with Biomedical Multifunctionalities
Authors: Zhang Jianwen , Pei Xinyu , Liu Yihan , Ke Xianlan , Peng Ya , Weng Yajun , Zhang Qinyong , Chen Junying 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThere is an urgent need to develop a series of multifunctional materials with good biocompatibility, high mechanical strength, hemostatic properties, antiadhesion, and anti‐infection for applications in wound care. However, successfully developing multifunctional materials is challenging. In this study, two superhydrophobic composite coatings with good biocompatibility, high mechanical strength, strong antifouling and blood repellency, fast hemostasis, and good antibacterial activity are prepared on cotton fabric surface by simple, green, and low‐cost one‐step dip‐coating technology. The results discussed in the manuscript reveals that the two superhydrophobic composite coatings can maintain good mechanical stability, strong water repellency, and durability under various types of mechanical damage, high‐temperature treatment, and long‐term strong light irradiation. The coatings also exhibit good repellency to various solid pollutants, highly viscous liquid pollutants, and blood. In vitro and in vivo hemostatic experiments show that both composite coatings have good hemostatic and anticlot adhesion properties. More importantly, this superhydrophobic coating prevents bacterial adhesion and growth and released Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions and chitosan to achieve bactericidal properties, thereby protecting injured skin from bacterial infection. The two superhydrophobic coatings enhance the antifouling, antiadhesion, hemostatic, and antibacterial functions of blood‐repellent dressings and therefore have broad application prospects in medical and textile fields.
Dual Key‐Activated Nir‐I/II Fluorescence Probe for Monitoring Photodynamic and Photothermal Synergistic Therapy Efficacy
Authors: Wang Wen‐Xin , Chao Jing‐Jing , Wang Zhi‐Qing , Liu Ting , Mao Guo‐Jiang , Yang Bin , Li Chun‐Yan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAs cancer markers, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and viscosity play an essential role in the development of tumors. Meanwhile, based on the performance of near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and the high efficiency of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) synergistic therapy, it is urgent to develop a dual‐key (H2O2 and viscosity) activated fluorescence probe for cancer phototherapy. Herein, a NIR‐I/II fluorescence probe named BX‐B is reported. In the presence of both H2O2 and viscosity, the fluorescence signal of NIR‐I (810 nm) and NIR‐II (945 nm) can be released. In the presence of H2O2, the PDT and PTT effects are observed. BX‐B is used to monitor its therapeutic effects in cancer cells and tumor‐bearing mice due to the increased viscosity caused by PDT and PTT. In addition, the tumors of mice treated with BX‐B are almost completely ablated after the laser irradiation based on its PDT and PTT synergistic therapy. This work provides a reliable platform for effective cancer treatment and immediate evaluation of therapeutic effects.