bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Virtual Patients: Impact of Computer Simulation on Audiology Learning and Practice
Authors: de Araújo Deuzimar Pires , Duarte Josilene Luciene , Araújo Eliene Silva 
Published: August 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to verify users' satisfaction with the interface of an audiometric simulator and self-perception of the computer simulation impact on practical acting in audiology, allowing the identification of problems and possibilities for improvement.

Method:
A prospective, observational study was divided into two phases: The first is evaluating the student's satisfaction, using the simulator in the theoretical and practical learning of audiology, and the second one is assessing the self-perception of the simulator's impact on the practical performance of audiology. The sample comprised 35 students from two Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology courses, in Brazil, selected by convenience, who answered the questionnaire after completing the theoretical module, using Google Forms, without any identification.

Results:
In the first phase of the study, students positively evaluated the use of the simulator as an auxiliary tool for audiology learning, and in the second one, they also positively assessed the impact of training with the simulator in audiological practice.

Conclusion:
The analyzed audiometric simulator proved to be an interactive system with high acceptability, level of satisfaction, and potential impact on practical performance in audiology.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.23876325
Partnering With Latino/a Caregivers and Community Stakeholders to Understand Priorities and Needs Prior to Implementing an Early Literacy Program
Authors: Mendez Adriana I. , Guerra Karen , Yohannes Millena , Reid Nina , Corea Mario , Pickard Katherine 
Published: August 2023

Purpose:
Latino/a children disproportionately experience academic vulnerabilities, including in reading. Caregiver-mediated interventions can be leveraged to support the bilingual language development of young Latino/a children to prevent these well-documented disparities in reading. However, in leveraging these programs, it is important to weigh Latino cultural values surrounding education, family connection, and learning alongside the barriers and inequities experienced by Latino families. In response to this need, this study used a community-partnered approach to (a) understand caregivers' needs related to the language and literacy development of their young children and (b) understand perspectives for how best to implement a culturally adapted and culturally responsive caregiver-mediated program.

Method:
A total of 101 caregivers completed a needs assessment of sociodemographic information, child development and needs, and family needs. Subsequently, nonprofit staff and caregivers completed semistructured interviews or focus groups about the development and implementation of a birth-to-5 program supporting early language development.

Results:
Thirty-five percent of families reported having at least one child with delayed language. Furthermore, 60.3% of respondents reported desiring strategies to support their child's early reading. Deductive content analysis revealed that both staff and caregivers desired a birth-to-5, caregiver-mediated program. Staff described family-level characteristics to consider for an early language program, community strengths, specific inequities faced by Latino families, and suggestions about culturally responsive early language and literacy program content and structure. Caregivers described barriers and inequities that they have faced related to their children's learning and development and how a birth-to-5 program could be responsive to their needs and values.

Conclusions:
Staff and caregiver emphasized the resilience of Latino families and their strong values surrounding educational involvement. At the same time, participants also reported barriers and inequities rooted in systemic racism that have prevented families from being involved in certain aspects of the children's education. Together, these results revealed the importance of an early literacy program that is responsive to the structural inequities experienced by families.
Lexical–Semantic Organization as Measured by Repeated Word Association in Children Who Are Deaf and Hard of Hearing Who Use Spoken Language
Authors: Rush Olivia , Werfel Krystal L. , Lund Emily 
Published: August 2023

Purpose:
This study compares responses of children who are deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) who use spoken language with responses of children who have typical hearing on a repeated word association task to evaluate lexical–semantic organization.

Method:
This study included 109 participants in early kindergarten or who had completed first grade. The younger group included 30 children with typical hearing, 22 with hearing aids, and 21 with cochlear implants. The older group included 16 children with typical hearing, nine with hearing aids, and 11 with cochlear implants. Children were asked to give a word associated with 24 stimuli words. Responses were coded according to their relation to the target.

Results:
An analysis of variance revealed that older children, regardless of hearing status, produced more semantically related responses to prompts than younger children. Children in the younger DHH group differed from children with typical hearing in their production of non–semantically related responses: They produced errored responses at higher rates.

Conclusion:
This preliminary data may indicate an early deficit in recognition of semantic relations between words for children who are DHH and provides a basis for continued longitudinal study of changes in lexical–semantic organization.
Speech, Language, and Hearing in the 21st Century: A Bibliometric Review of
JSLHR
From 2001 to 2021
Authors: Vitevitch Michael S. 
Published: August 2023

Purpose:

A bibliometric analysis was performed for articles published in the
Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research
(
JSLHR
) from 2001 to 2021 to examine changes to and emerging trends in the speech, language, and hearing sciences in the 21st century.

Method:

Quantitative analyses using JASP were performed on the publication rate and number of authors in articles published in
JSLHR
for each year from 2001 to 2021. VOSviewer was used to analyze and visualize networks of co-occurring Keyword Plus terms extracted from the articles published in
JSLHR
for several representative years from 2001 to 2021.

Results:

Although the number of publications and number of authors published in
JSLHR
increased from 2001 to 2021, that growth was consistent with the growth found in science in general and with changes in publication policies and practices. The number and range of countries other than the United States published in
JSLHR
increased from 2001 to 2021. A consistent set of institutions published frequently in
JSLHR
across the years examined. The analysis of Keyword Plus terms showed an increase in the range of populations, disorders, and languages that were the subject of research from 2001 to 2021, as well as influences from other fields on speech, language, and hearing sciences.

Conclusion:
The science of science approach and the tools of network science are useful for assessing how changes in editorial policy affect diversity, for monitoring research topics that are growing (or declining), for identifying institutions that lead the field, and for inviting discussions among various interested parties related to the growth and development of a discipline.
Profiling Number of Swallows per Bolus and Residue in Individuals With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Donohue Cara , Robison Raele , Steele Catriona M. , Wymer James P. , Plowman Emily K. 
Published: August 2023

Purpose:
Swallowing efficiency impairments are the most prevalent and earliest manifestation of dysphagia in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (pALS). We aimed to profile number of swallows elicited in pALS across thin liquid, moderately thick liquid, extremely thick liquid, and crackers compared to expected healthy reference data and to determine relationships between degree of pharyngeal residue, number of elicited swallows, and swallowing safety.

Method:
pALS underwent standardized videofluoroscopic swallowing studies of 10 bolus trials. Trained raters performed duplicate, independent, and blinded ratings to derive Dynamic Imaging Grade of Swallowing Toxicity (DIGEST) efficiency and safety grades and Analysis of Swallowing Physiology: Events, Kinematics, and Timing (ASPEKT) percent total pharyngeal residue. Number of swallows per bolus was quantified (1 = typical, 2 = atypically high, 3 = extremely high). Kruskal–Wallis, Pearson chi-square, and odds ratio analyses were performed at bolus and participant levels.

Key Results:

At the bolus level (
N
= 2,523), number of swallows per bolus was observed to be, in rank order, as follows: atypically high (49.1%), extremely high (28.5%), and typical (22.4%). Mean number of swallows significantly differed by International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative level (
p
< .0001), with a higher number of swallows elicited in pALS for moderately thick versus thin liquids, extremely thick liquids, and crackers,
p
< .0001. Number of swallows per bolus increased with increasing DIGEST efficiency grades (
p
< .0001). Positive correlations were observed between ASPEKT percent residue and number of swallows for thin (
r
= .24) and moderately thick (
r
= .16) liquids,
p
< .05. DIGEST efficiency and safety grades were not significantly associated (
p
> .05).

Conclusion and Inferences:
pALS demonstrated a higher number of swallows per bolus compared to healthy reference data that may represent a compensation for reductions in swallowing efficiency to clear pharyngeal residue.
Correlational relationship between Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior among Moroccan High School Students
Authors: Hamid El Oirdi , Aziz Eloirdi , Sima Boulebatt , Khadija El Kharrim , Driss Belghity 
Published: August 2023

Objective: Non-communicable diseases are the leading causes of death worldwide. These risk factors are closely related to physical activity and sedentary behaviors. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence of physical inactivity and sedentary behaviors and their association among Moroccan high school students aged 15 to 20 years.
Materials: A sample of 180 students (80 boys and 100 girls), enrolled in high schools in 2019 academic year in the Province of Sidi Kacem, were randomly recruited. A validated self-reported questionnaire was used to assess levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviors among participants.
Results: According to the results obtained, 74.2% of boys and 46.9% of girls were physically active. 45.5% of girls and 20% of boys spent more than 2 hours watching television, and 57.3% of girls and 48.5% of boys used sedentary means for more than two hours per day. There were statistically significant negative correlation between levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviors.
Conclusion: A large part of the population has a sedentary lifestyle. This lack of physical activity and high prevalence of sedentary behaviors could have a direct impact on health. Additional physical activity and sports sessions are necessary and strongly recommended.
Re-conceptualizing the ideal homes in rural China: an actor-network theory approach
Authors: Wang Peng , Xie Shuyue , Xu Honggang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWith the shift in relational ontology, the concept of home is interpreted as a dynamic and relational process, in which both human and non-human elements need to be valued. Adopting ANT (actor-network theory) as an approach, this article reveals the interactive relationship and translation process between urban-rural migrants and rural heterogeneous actors (including farmland, landscapes, local people, means of subsistence, and technological facilities) in the connection of ideal home networks. It involves three steps of translation between actors, namely problem presentation of key actors, enrollment and benefit granting by key actors, and negotiation of “obligatory passage points” (OPP) based on actors’ common goals. Based on a two-year qualitative research of 18 interviewees, this article demonstrates how migrants adapt to the countryside through enrollment and benefit granting, and how sustainability and recyclability become common interests and OPP for actors in homemaking. The article argues that ANT provides a descriptive focus on how rural life has transformed from a backward neighborhood or abstract nostalgia to a harmonious new home that blends traditional culture, ecological ideas, and modern technology in the context of China. The study also points out that in the process of translating interests between actors, the human-land relationship still shows complexity and instability. Future research needs to pay more attention to the role of government officials and governance policies in the building of home networks.
Random amplified polymorphic DNA markers for discriminating Cochliomyia hominivorax from C. macellaria (Diptera: Calliphoridae)
Authors: Skoda S.R. , Pornkulwat S. , Foster J.E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel), is one of the most important pests of livestock in the Western Hemisphere. During early immature stages it is morphologically very similar (first instars are virtually indistinguishable) to the secondary screwworm, C. macellaria (Fabricius). Here, the utility of the random amplified polymorphic DNA–polymerase chain reaction (RAPD–PCR) was explored as a technique for developing molecular genetic markers for these two species. Of the 120 arbitrary primers screened, 21 primers produced markers that were further investigated. Seven of the 21 primers produced clear and reproducible markers that were tested with DNA of five individuals from four populations of each species; five of these primers showed 12 RAPD markers that differentiated the species in all populations. Analyses of data from these seven primers also suggested that intraspecific polymorphisms exist that could be useful in distinguishing populations of screwworms. Some population genetic tools, such as genetic distance, cluster analysis and bootstrapping, were used to statistically explore these polymorphisms. The resulting statistics showed 100% support for the ability of RAPD–PCR to discriminate between the two species. Bootstrapping with data from one of the genetic distance calculations produced a tree with all individual screwworms in the correct populations, indicating that RAPD–PCR has promise for displaying intraspecific genetic variation that could be used in establishing the general geographic origin of screwworm samples.
Adult movements of newly introduced alien Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) from non-host habitats
Authors: Toepfer S. , Levay N. , Kiss J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMark–release–recapture experiments were undertaken in order to investigate the movement of adult Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte from accidental introduction points towards suitable habitats, such as its host plant, Zea mays L. In Hungary in 2003 and 2004, nine mark–release–recapture experiments were carried out in a grass steppe area and lucerne field, in which two small maize fields (10 × 10 m) had been planted 300 m distant from the central release point. After each release of 5500 to 6000 marked D. v. virgifera, beetle recaptures were recorded three times using non-baited yellow sticky traps placed on 30, 105, 205 and 305 m radii around the release point. In seven out of 15 recapture periods (47%), beetle populations showed no directional movements, and their movements towards any particular habitat cannot be predicted. During five recapture periods (33%), beetle populations showed a uni-directional movement, and in three cases (20%) a bi-directional movement was observed. In 10 out of 15 recapture periods (67%), the released populations moved in a direction that was comparable with the mean wind direction during these periods; thus, beetle movements were slightly correlated with wind direction. On average over sites and years, beetles were not preferentially moving towards the two small maize fields (located 300 m from the release point) compared to other directions. However, beetles moved significantly more frequently in the direction of naturally-occurring maize fields within a radius of 1500 m than towards other habitats. Beetles stayed more frequently within flowering lucerne fields out to a radius of 300 and 600 m than in non-flowering lucerne or other habitats. On average, 2.8% (SD 3.2) of all recaptured beetles arrived in one of the two small maize fields located 300 m from their release point indicating that there is a high risk of a founder population establishing. Habitat management cannot be suggested as a means of preventing the beetle's initial dispersal because movement was usually non-directional, and alternative food plants were used prior to reaching maize.
The role of nectar plants in severe outbreaks of armyworm Mythimna separata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in China
Authors: Wang Gao-Ping , Zhang Qing-Wen , Ye Zhi-Hua , Luo Li-Zhi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe period from March to mid April, when oriental armyworm Mythimna separata (Walker) moths migrate from South China to Central China over several nights, is an important window of time in annual armyworm population increase. The presence of nectar sources along the pathway of the migratory population is a prerequisite for moths to reach target habitats and lay eggs. Using flowering periods and geographic distributions, the major spring nectar plants suitable for M. separata moths were identified from among 102 species/varieties of apicultural nectar plants. The nectar plants proposed as important to M. separata include milk vetch Astragalus sinicus L., rape Brassica napa L. and six other species. Spearman's rank correlation analyses were conducted between the annual population size of M. separata and the acreages of milk vetch and rape in the daily stopover areas for migrating populations of M. separata during 1950–1979. The Spearman's coefficient between milk vetch and M. separata was 0.6259 and the correlation was highly significant (P<0.001). Further regression analysis with data from 1950–1979 and from 1980–1992 also revealed a close relationship between annual acreage of damaged crops/wheat and acreage of milk vetch. These results strongly suggest that the unprecedented enlargement in the geographic distribution of milk vetch from Central China into South China was the key factor in the frequent severe oriental armyworm outbreaks that occurred during 1966–1977. This is thought to be the first report in the world that reveals the key role of nectar sources in long distance, regional scale, migration of moths. The argument for the key role of milk vetch is supported by the simultaneous decline in the level of damage inflicted by M. separata and the acreage of milk vetch after 1980.
Analysis of host preference and geographical distribution of Anastrepha suspensa (Diptera: Tephritidae) using phylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I DNA sequence data
Authors: Boykin L.M. , Shatters R.G. , Hall D.G. , Burns R.E. , Franqui R.A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAnastrepha suspensa (Loew) is an economically important pest, restricted to the Greater Antilles and southern Florida. It infests a wide variety of hosts and is of quarantine importance in citrus, a multi-million dollar industry in Florida. The observed recent increase in citrus infested with A. suspensa in Florida has raised questions regarding host-specificity of certain populations and genetic diversity of the pest throughout its geographical distribution. Cytochrome oxidase I (COI) DNA sequence data was used to characterize the genetic diversity of A. suspensa from Florida and Caribbean populations reared from different host plants. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic methods were used to analyse COI data. Sequence variation among mitochondrial COI genes from 107 A. suspensa samples collected throughout Florida and the Caribbean ranged between 0 and 10% and placed all A. suspensa as a monophyletic group that united all A. suspensa in a clade sister to a Central American group of the A. fraterculus paraphyletic species complex. The most likely tree of the COI locus indicated that COI sequence variation was too low to provide resolution at the subspecies level, therefore monophyletic groups based on host-plant use, geography (Florida, Jamaica, Cayman Islands, Puerto Rico or Dominican Republic) or population sampled are not supported. This result indicates that either no population segregation has occurred based on these biological or geographical distinctions and that this is a generalist, polyphagous invasive genotype. Alternatively, if populations are distinct, the segregation event was more recent than can be distinguished based on COI sequence variation.
Molecular diagnostics of economically important Ceratitis fruit fly species (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Africa using PCR and RFLP analyses
Authors: Barr N.B. , Copeland R.S. , De Meyer M. , Masiga D. , Kibogo H.G. , Billah M.K. , Osir E. , Wharton R.A. , McPheron B.A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe predominantly Afrotropical fruit fly genus Ceratitis contains many species of agricultural importance. Consequently, quarantine of Ceratitis species is a major concern for governmental regulatory agencies. Although diagnostic keys exist for identification of all described Ceratitis species, these tools are based on adult characters. Flies intercepted at ports of entry are usually immatures, and Ceratitis species cannot be diagnosed based on larval morphology. To facilitate identification of Ceratitis pests at ports of entry, this study explores the utility of DNA-based diagnostic tools for a select group of Ceratitis species and related tephritids, some of which infest agriculturally important crops in Africa. The application of the polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) method to analyse three mitochondrial genes (12S ribosomal RNA, 16S ribosomal RNA, and NADH-dehydrogenase subunit 6) is sufficient to diagnose 25 species and two species clusters. PCR analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region 1 (ITS-1) is able to distinguish three of the five species left unresolved by mitochondrial DNA analysis.
Diversity of lepidopteran stem borers on monocotyledonous plants in eastern Africa and the islands of Madagascar and Zanzibar revisited
Authors: Le Ru B.P. , Ong'amo G.O. , Moyal P. , Ngala L. , Musyoka B. , Abdullah Z. , Cugala D. , Defabachew B. , Haile T.A. , Matama T. Kauma , Lada V.Y. , Negassi B. , Pallangyo K. , Ravolonandrianina J. , Sidumo A. , Omwega C.O. , Schulthess F. , Calatayud P.A. , Silvain J.F. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSurveys were completed in Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Tanzania, Uganda and Zanzibar to assess the lepidopteran stem borer species diversity on wild host plants. A total of 24,674 larvae belonging to 135 species were collected from 75 species of wild host plants belonging to the Poaceae, Cyperaceae and Typhaceae. Amongst them were 44 noctuid species belonging to at least nine genera, 33 crambids, 15 pyralids, 16 Pyraloidea species not yet identified, 25 tortricids and three cossids. The noctuid larvae represented 73.6% of the total number of larvae collected, with 66.3, 3.5 and 3.8% found on Poaceae, Cyperaceae and Typhaceae, respectively. The Crambidae, Pyralidae, Tortricidae and Cossidae represented 19.8, 1.9, 2.5 and 0.1% of the total larvae collected, respectively, with 90.4% of the Crambidae and Pyralidae collected from Poaceae, and 99.7% of the Tortricidae collected from Cyperaceae. The lepidopteran stem borer species diversity in the wild host plants was far more diverse than previously reported.