bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two-Year Outcomes of Conservatively Managed Appendicitis During the COVID-19 Pandemic – a multicentre cohort study
Authors: Bedwani Nader Habib , Smith Christopher , Kelada Monica , Patten Darren , Mak Wai Kin , English William , Shatkar Veeranna 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
During the COVID-19 pandemic, appendicitis was more commonly managed conservatively, resulting in shorter hospital stays without increased short-term complications. The long-term outcome of this change remains unknown.
Methods
We conducted a multicentre, prospective, observational study including adult patients diagnosed with appendicitis after the implementation of the new surgical guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic. Outcomes included initial management failure, re-admission rate, appendicitis recurrence and interval appendicectomy. A historical cohort prior to the COVID-19 pandemic was used for comparison. Patients were followed up for two-years post index admission.
Results
63 and 79 patients with appendicitis were included from four NHS trusts, before (A) and after (B) the new intercollegiate guidelines respectively. Operative management was used less frequently in cohort B (28/79 vs 52/63; p < 0.001). More patients represented in cohort B (14/79 vs 3/63; p = 0.020), but not when comparing only those managed conservatively (2/11 vs 13/52; p = 1.000). A similar trend was observed for appendicitis recurrence although without statistical significance (2/63 vs 9/79; p = 0.112); with loss of trend when comparing those managed conservatively (2/11 vs 9/52; p = 1.000). Among all patients, four (2.8%) were found to have underlying neoplasia of which three were initially managed conservatively (3/63; 4.8%).
Conclusion
Conservative management of appendicitis had short-term benefits in expedited hospital discharge without early complications, but with higher readmission and appendicitis recurrence rates. The risks of this alongside missed/delayed management of neoplasia needs to be considered alongside the benefits including avoidance of aerosol-generating general anaesthesia and laparoscopy during the COVID-19 pandemic or similar future health crises.
Inflammatory Atherosclerotic Plaque Identification by SPECT/CT Imaging of LFA-1 using [111In] In-DANBIRT in a Novel Dyslipidemic Rat Model
Authors: Liu Zeyu , Daniels Tamara , Campen Matthew J. , Alvidrez Roberto Mota 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Atherosclerosis is prevalent globally, closely associated with dyslipidemia and other metabolic dysfunction. Early diagnosis of atherosclerosis is challenging due to limited diagnostic capabilities that need to be expanded with animal models with enhanced vascular biology like rats. Our previous research showed [111In] In-DANBIRT has potential as a diagnostic tool for detecting atherosclerosis in mice. The primary aim of the present study is to evaluate [111In] In-DANBIRT in a novel atherosclerotic rat with early and late-stage atherosclerosis and metabolic disease.
Methods
We characterized metabolic and body composition differences in these novel dyslipidemic rats under different diets using serum chemistry and DEXA scan, respectively. We performed 1-hour post injection in vivo molecular imaging of ApoE knockout, Lean Zucker (LZ) male rats at baseline and followed them into 10 weeks of either normal or high fat/cholesterol diet implementation (22 weeks of age).
Results
We identified significant differences in body composition and metabolic changes in ApoE knockout rats compared to ApoE wildtype rats. Our findings indicate an increased uptake of [111In] In-DANBIRT in ApoE knockout, lean Zucker (LZ) rats, particularly in the descending aorta, a location where early-stage atherosclerosis is commonly found. Our findings however also revealed that the ApoE knockout, Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) model has high mortality rate, which may be attributed to alterations of critical enzymes involved in regulating metabolism and liver function.
Conclusion
Our results are highly encouraging as they demonstrated the potential of [111In] In-DANBIRT to detect early-stage atherosclerosis in rats that might otherwise go unnoticed by other methods, showcasing the high sensitivity of [111In] In-DANBIRT. Our future studies will aim to establish a viable T2D atherosclerosis model in rats with more advanced stages of the disease to further demonstrate the reliability of [111In] In-DANBIRT as a diagnostic tool for patients in all stages of atherosclerosis.
Study on the impact of textile industry effluents of Ichalkaranji city on the water quality
Authors: Patil Virgonda A , Madnaik Sneha P , Khot Shruti S 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In present work, Panchganga river water samples are collected from four different stations of River from Ichalkaranji to Shirol and water quality assessment is carried out in February 2023. The observations are compared with desirable values from IS 10500, (2012) to assess the environmental impact of the industrial, domestic and agricultural waste from respective zones on the water quality of Panchganga River. Then water quality index study is carried out for respective stations. Primarily, the city is located at the left bank of Panchganga River [8]. As the Panchganga River flowing from Ichalkaranji to Shirol is affected by the industries like textile processing units and similar. The research paper focuses on the study of the assessment on water quality and the physic-chemical parameters of surface water at Panchganga River exactly after mixing of industrial effluents of City. The water hyacinth grown and the dead fishes found at nadives naka drags towards the study of water quality index. Secondly, huge amount of fishes are found dead at river from Ichalkaranji to shirol. This situation drags towards study of parameters and quality assessment of existing surface water by detailed Water quality index study. From the study it is observed that, station I is highly polluted, Station II, III, IV are moderately polluted and hence need to treat before use. The amount of untreated water from textile industry is a key cause of pollution at and around shirol taluka.
Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the heterogeneity of endothelial cells in human dupuytren’s disease
Authors: Li Shifang , Gong Meijiao 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Dupuytren's disease is a common localized fibrotic disorder that affects the palmar fascia. Recent research using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has expanded our understanding of the main cellular and molecular processes in mesenchymal cells that drive Dupuytren's disease. However, the involvement of other cells in developing Dupuytren's disease is largely unresolved. Endothelial cells (ECs) play an important role in the pathophysiology of some fibrotic diseases, such as lung fibrosis, keloid, and systemic sclerosis, according to growing studies. In this study, scRNA-seq analysis from Dupuytren's disease, healthy dermis (DE), and nonpathogenic (Skoog's) fascia (SF) were performed to explore the major pathogenic ECs subpopulations associated with Dupuytren's disease. Our results showed that patients with Dupuytren's disease had a larger percentage of Endothelial cells with RGCC+ expression. We discovered the trajectory of differentiation from IL6+ ECs to RGCC+ ECs using RNA velocity and pseudotime analysis. Furthermore, utilizing integration analysis of DEG and hdWGCNA, the potential role of EC subpopulations involved in the disease was investigated. Finally, we identified potential endothelial cell transcription factors and investigated cell-cell communication among ECs. Overall, we discovered molecular features of ECs that relate to Dupuytren's disease at the single-cell level. These findings could contribute to our understanding of the pathogenesis of Dupuytren's disease.
Infilling missing data and outliers for a conventional sewage treatment plant using a self-organizing map: a case study of Kauma Sewage Treatment Plant in Lilongwe, Malawi
Authors: Mng'ombe Madalitso H. , Chunga Brighton Austin , Mtonga Eddie W. , Chidya Russel C. G. , Malota Mphatso 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Data availability is key for modeling of wastewater treatment processes. However, process data are characterized by missing values and outliers. This study applied a self-organizing map (SOM) to fill in missing values and replace outliers in wastewater treatment data from Kauma Sewage Treatment Plant in Lilongwe, Malawi. We used primary and secondary wastewater data and executed the SOM algorithm to fill missing values and replace outliers in effluent pH, biochemical oxygen demand, and dissolved oxygen. The results suggest that the SOM algorithm is reliable in filling gaps in wastewater time series data with less than 50% missing values with correlation coefficient (R) values of &gt;0.90. The SOM algorithm failed to reliably fill gaps and replace outliers in time series data with &gt;50% missing values. For instance, high mean square error (MSE) values of 3,655.57, 10.62, and 2,153.34 for pH, DO, and BOD, respectively, were registered in datasets with more than 50% missing values, while very small MSE values (MSE ≈ 0) were associated with effluent pH, BOD, and DO data with missing values of &gt;50%. Practitioners can use this approach to improve the planning and management of wastewater treatment facilities where available data records are riddled with missing observations.
A closer look at the history of the desalination industry: the evolution of the practice of desalination through the course of time
Authors: Zolghadr-Asli Babak , McIntyre Neil , Djordjević Slobodan , Farmani Raziyeh , Pagliero Liliana 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMaintaining access to a sustainable water resource is becoming increasingly difficult in the midst of the ongoing global water crisis, emphasizing the importance of investing in alternative resources such as desalinated water. Throughout history, the desalination industry has adapted to the specific needs of an era or different environmental conditions by incorporating cutting-edge technologies. The general theme of this paper is the past, the present, and the future of the desalination industry. As such, this research aims to examine the evolution of the desalination industry over time, understand its current state, and ultimately use this knowledge to highlight some important considerations for its future. This review highlighted the immense influence of the energy market on the prevalence of desalination technology in a given region and/or eras. The information gathered here indicates that other sectors, such as agriculture, may need to rely on this unconventional water supply in the future, but there are certain factors ranging from socioeconomic to environmental concerns that need continued and increased research to facilitate the long-term, sustainable development of this practice.
A Review of Current and Prospective Treatments for Channelopathies, with a Focus on Gene and Protein Therapy
Authors: Sakla Monica , Breitinger Ulrike , Breitinger Hans-Georg , Mansour Samar , Nabil Tammam Salma 
Published: June 2023

Abstract:
Reduced cell surface expression or the malfunctioning of ion channels gives rise to a group of disorders
known as channelopathies. To treat the underlying cause, the delivery and/or expression of a functional ion
channel into the cell membrane of the cell of interest is required. Unfortunately, for most channelopathies, current
treatment options are only symptomatic and treatments that rectify the underlying damage are still lacking.
Within this context, approaches that rely on gene and protein therapy are required. Gene therapy would allow
the expression of a functional protein, provided that the cellular machinery in the diseased cell could correctly
fold and traffic the protein to the cell membrane. Whereas protein therapy would allow the direct delivery of a
functional protein, provided that the purification process does not affect protein function and a suitable delivery
vehicle for targeted delivery is used. In this review, we provide an overview of channelopathies and available
symptomatic treatments. The current state of gene therapy approaches mainly using viral vectors is discussed,
which is followed by the role of nanomedicine in protein therapy and how nanomedicine could be exploited for
the delivery of functional ion channels to diseased cells.
Over-expression of microRNA-145 Elevating Autophagy Activities via Downregulating FRS2 Expression
Authors: Tian Ke , Deng Bin , Han Xiaodong , Zheng Haiyi , Lin Tao , Wang Zhimeng , Zhang Yuanmin , Wang Guodong 
Published: June 2023

Objectives:
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common chronic and progressive
joint diseases characterized by cartilage degeneration and chondrocyte death. In this study, we
aimed to identify the modulation effect of miR-145 on chondrocytes' autophagy during the development
of OA.

Background:
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most prevalent types of chronic and progressive
joint disorder with the symptoms of joint pain and stiffness, and it leads to disability at the end
stage. In recent years, microRNA-145 (miR-145) has been found to activate autophagy in various
cell types, including mesenchymal stem cells, cardiomyocytes, and osteosarcoma cells. However, it
is unknown whether miR-145 regulates the progression of OA by influencing chondrocyte autophagy.

Methods:
Before investigating the regulatory effect of miR-145 on the autophagic activity of
chondrocytes, the expression of miR-145 in human joint samples was analyzed. The targeting relationship
between miR-145 and FRS2 was detected by dual luciferase assay. The effect of FRS2
and miR-145 on the autophagic activity of chondrocytes was observed by bidirectional expression
of FRS2 and miR-145.

Results:
The miR-145 expression and LC3-II/LC3-I ratio were significantly decreased and the
SQSTM1 expression was increased in OA patients. The miR-145 overexpression in C20A4 cells
increased LC3-II/LC3-I ratio, decreased SQSTM1 expression, and was positively correlated with
autophagic activity. Under oxidative stress, miR-145 overexpression significantly improved chondrocyte
viability through autophagy stimulation. FRS2 is a potential target of miR-145 via a binding
sequence within its 3’ UTR. FRS2 acts as the downstream mediator of miR-145 to suppress autophagy
through activating PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways.

Conclusion:
The miR-145 acts as a protective factor against chondrocytes by regulating miRFRS2-
autophagy axis. The decrease of miR-145 in articular synovial fluid may turn out to be an
important marker for early diagnosis of OA, and modulation of miR-145 may represent a promising
therapeutic strategy for OA.
Blood Neurofilament Light Chain in Different Types of Dementia
Authors: Gu Lihua , Shu Hao , Wang Yanjuan , Wang Pan 
Published: June 2023

Aims:
The study aimed to evaluate diagnostic values of circulating neurofilament light chain
(NFL) levels in different types of dementia.

Background:
Previous studies reported inconsistent change of blood NFL for different types of dementia,
including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Parkinson’s disease dementia
(PDD) and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and Lewy body dementia (LBD).

Objective:
Meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the results of studies evaluating diagnostic
values of circulating NFL levels in different types of dementia to enhance the strength of evidence.

Methods:
Articles evaluating change in blood NFL levels in dementia and published before July 2022
were searched on the following databases (PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Medline and Google
Scholar). The computed results were obtained by using STATA 12.0 software.

Results:
AD patients showed increased NFL concentrations in serum and plasma, compared to healthy
controls (HC) [standard mean difference (SMD) = 1.09, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.48, 1.70, I2 =
97.4%, p < 0.001]. In AD patients, higher NFL concentrations in serum and plasma were associated
with reduced cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ1-42, increased CSF t-tau, increased CSF p-tau, reduced
Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and decreased memory. Additionally, mild cognitive impairment
(MCI) showed elevated NFL concentrations in serum and plasma, compared to HC (SMD =
0.53, 95% CI: 0.18, 0.87, I2 = 93.8%, p < 0.001). However, in MCI, no significant association was
found between NFL concentrations in serum, plasma and memory or visuospatial function. No significant
difference was found between preclinical AD and HC (SMD = 0.18, 95% CI: -0.10, 0.47, I2 =
0.0%, p = 0.438). FTD patients showed increased NFL concentrations in serum and plasma, compared
to HC (SMD = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.72, 1.43, I2 = 83.3%, p < 0.001). Higher NFL concentrations in serum
and plasma were associated with increased CSF NFL in FTD. Additionally, the pooled parameters calculated
were as follows: sensitivity, 0.82 (95% CI: 0.72, 0.90); specificity, 0.91 (95% CI: 0.83, 0.96).
CJD patients showed increased NFL concentrations in serum and plasma, compared to HC. No significant
difference in NFL level in serum and plasma was shown between AD and FTD (SMD = -0.03,
95% CI: -0.77, 0.72, I2 = 83.3%, p = 0.003).

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the study suggested abnormal blood NFL level in AD and MCI, but not in
preclinical AD. FTD and CJD showed abnormal blood NFL levels.
Biginelli Reaction: A Multi-Component Type of Reaction and Synthetic
Advancement in the Synthesis of Bioactive Dihydropyrimidinone
Derivatives
Authors: Ambatwar Ramesh , Gupta Vaibhav , Kumar Sumit , Khatik Gopal L. 
Published: June 2023

Background:
In synthetic and medicinal chemistry, multi-component reactions (MCRs)
are considered an essential tool in synthesizing bioactive heterocyclic scaffolds. These reactions have
been strategically used in drug discovery and development because of ease and economy.

Objective:
The current manuscript aims to highlight the importance of the Biginelli reaction in the
synthesis of diverse dihydropyrimidinones with medicinal applications.

Methods:
We searched various keywords, including “multicomponent reaction”, “Biginelli reaction”
and “dihydropyrimidinone” on “PubMed, PubChem, and google scholar” and collected the relevant
articles for including the current work.

Results:
Biginelli reaction involving ketoester, aldehyde, and urea is a high-yielding, atomeconomical,
environmentally benign reaction for developing a library of new dihydropyrimidinones
to drive the process of drug discovery. Several developments were achieved with modifications of
synthetic techniques, including C-H activation, coupling, cycloaddition, etc. Inclusively, these modifications
give access to a wide range of dihydropyrimidinones.

Conclusion:
The current review provides an overview of recent developments in the Biginelli reaction
and insights into synthesizing bioactive dihydropyrimidinones.
Depicting Indonesian values in Arifin C. Noer’s The Bottomless Well for ILFS learning
Authors: Mulatsih Maria Vicentia Eka , Widharyanto Bonifasius 
Published: June 2023

Learning language is not merely about its structure or words, it deals with certain values as a representative of the culture. Arifin C Noer’s play entitled The Bottomless Well portrays some Indonesian values that can be taught for learning Indonesian language for foreign speakers (ILFS). Focusing on some Indonesian values portrayed in the play and some ILFS learning practices, this article closely analyzes its content using document analysis method and describes the teaching practices qualitatively. Some Indonesian values found in the play are mutual help, social solidarity, persistency, work ethic, frugality, spirituality and independency. These Indonesian values portrayed in the play are useful as a material for reading, writing, speaking, listening lessons. Specifically, in a drama class, various ILFS learning activities using this play are 1) reading aloud, 2) having monologue, 3) dramatic reading in groups, 4) conducting mini role play, and 5) completing the reflection process. Keywords: Indonesian values, ILFS learning, The Bottomless WellPenggambaran nilai-nilai Indonesia dalam karya Arifin C. Noer Sumur Tanpa Dasar untuk pembelajaran BIPA AbstrakPembelajaran Bahasa tidak hanya mengenai struktur ataupun kata, hal ini berhubungan dengan nilai-nilai tertentu sebagai representasi dari budaya. Drama Arifin C. Noer berjudul Sumur Tanpa Dasar menggambarkan beberapa nilai bangsa Indonesia yang dapat diajarkan dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia bagi penutur asing (BIPA). Berfokus pada beberapa nilai budaya Indonesia dan praktek pengajaran BIPA, artikel ini menganalisis isi drama secara lebih dekat menggunakan analisis dokumen dan mendeskripsikan praktek-praktek pengajaran secara kualitatif. Beberapa nilai budaya Indonesia yang ditemukan dalam drama tersebut adalah gotong royong, solidaritas sosial, ketekunan, daya juang, hemat, spiritualitas dan kemandirian. Nilai Indonesia ini yang tergambar dalam drama berguna sebagai materi pembelajaran membaca, menulis, berbicara dan mendengarkan. Secara spesifik di kelas drama, beragam aktifitas pembelajaran BIPA menggunakan drama ini adalah 1) pembacaan lantang, 2) monolog, 3) pembacaan drama dalam grup, 4) mini drama, dan 5) refleksi.Kata kunci: nilai-nilai Indonesia, praktek pengajaran BIPA, “Sumur Tanpa Dasar”
The effectiveness of developing CLIL-based Indonesian language course teaching materials at Bengkulu city universities
Authors: Febrina Wulan , Danim Sudarwan , Yulistio Didi , Ariesta Ria , Muktadir Abdul , Irmayanti Meiselina 
Published: June 2023

The development of learning materials for Indonesian courses uses a qualitative and quantitative approach to research and development (R D). This study aims to produce teaching materials for Indonesian language courses based on CLIL that follow the learning needs of college students in Bengkulu City. The research subjects were all students who took Indonesian language courses consisting of Bengkulu University, Bengkulu Muhammadiyah University, and Fatmawati Sukarno Bengkulu State Islamic University. The effectiveness test of the development of teaching materials for Indonesian language courses based on CLIL in universities obtained a significant value. The average value of the results before the use of CLIL-based Indonesian language teaching materials in Bengkulu City universities which was developed was 68.50, and a standard deviation of 13,489 and after using CLIL-based Indonesian teaching materials in universities Bengkulu City which has been developed is 80.19 with a standard deviation of 11,546. This means the average difference in student learning outcomes before and after using the development of teaching materials for Indonesian language courses based on CLIL at Bengkulu City Universities.Keywords: teaching materials, Indonesian, CLIL Efektivitas pengembangan bahan ajar bahasa Indonesia berbasis CLIL di perguruan tinggi kota BengkuluAbstractPengembangan bahan ajar mata kuliah Bahasa Indonesia ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian dan pengembangan (R D) dengan metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan bahan ajar mata kuliah bahasa Indonesia berbasis CLIL yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan belajar mahasiswa perguruan tinggi di Kota Bengkulu. Subjek penelitian adalah seluruh mahasiswa yang mengambil mata kuliah bahasa Indonesia yang terdiri dari Universitas Bengkulu, Universitas Muhammadiyah Bengkulu, dan Universitas Islam Negeri Fatmawati Soekarno Bengkulu. Uji efektivitas pengembangan bahan ajar mata kuliah bahasa Indonesia berbasis CLIL di perguruan tinggi memperoleh nilai yang signifikan. Nilai rata-rata hasil sebelum penggunaan bahan ajar bahasa Indonesia berbasis CLIL di perguruan tinggi Kota Bengkulu yang dikembangkan adalah 68,50, dan standar deviasi 13.489 dan setelah menggunakan bahan ajar bahasa Indonesia berbasis CLIL di perguruan tinggi Kota Bengkulu yang telah dikembangkan adalah 80,19 dengan standar deviasi 11.546. Hal ini berarti terdapat perbedaan rata-rata hasil belajar mahasiswa sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan pengembangan bahan ajar mata kuliah bahasa Indonesia berbasis CLIL di Perguruan Tinggi Kota Bengkulu.Kata kunci: ajar, bahasa Indonesia, CLIL