bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cloning of the broad-spectrum wheat leaf rust resistance gene Lr47 introgressed from Aegilops speltoides
Authors: Li Hongna , Hua Lei , Zhao Shuqing , Hao Ming , Song Rui , Pang Shuyong , Liu Yanna , Chen Hong , Zhang Wenjun , Shen Tao , Gou Jin-Ying , Mao Hailiang , Wang Guiping , Hao Xiaohua , Li Jian , Song Baoxing , Lan Caixia , Li Zaifeng , Deng Xing Wang , Dubcovsky Jorge , Wang Xiaodong , Chen Shisheng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticinaEriksson (Pt), is one of the most severe foliar diseases of wheat. Breeding for leaf rust resistance is a practical and sustainable method to control this devastating disease. Here, we report the identification of Lr47, a broad-spectrum leaf rust resistance gene introgressed into wheat fromAegilops speltoides. The Lr47 gene encodes a coiled-coil nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat protein that is both necessary and sufficient to confer Pt resistance, as demonstrated by loss-of-function mutations and transgenic complementation. New Lr47 introgression lines with no or reduced linkage dragwere generated using the ph1b mutation, and a diagnostic molecular marker for Lr47 was developed. The CC domain of the Lr47 protein was not able to induce cell death, nor did it have self-protein interaction. The cloning of Lr47 expands the number of Pt-resistance genes that can be incorporated into multigene transgenic cassettes to control this devastating disease.
Disparities in access to safe drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene by ethnicity in Bangladesh: Is it a result of structural racism?
Authors: Alam Md. Zakiul , Sheoti Isna Haque 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Safe drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) are crucial to human health. It is essential to reduce inequalities and ensure universal access to WASH to achieve the agenda of sustainable development. We aimed to measure access to WASH, understand the situation and factors affecting WASH practices among the ethnic minority population in Bangladesh, and whether it is related to structural racism towards them.
Methodology: We utilized data from the multiple indicator cluster survey-2019. We used the chi-square test for bivariate analysis and multiple logistic regression analyses to identify the effect of ethnicity on WASH in Bangladesh after controlling education, wealth, religion, region, and place of residence. Furthermore, we systematically reviewed the WASH-related policies and programs of Bangladesh to identify structural racism.
Findings: While 98.5% of Bengali had access to basic drinking water services, the percentage is 60.6% for the ethnic minority population. For improved sanitation facilities not shared with others, the difference between Bengali and ethnic populations was 22.3% (64.6% vs. 42.3%). On the other hand, 75% of the Bengali population had a handwashing facility with water and soap, and 50% of the ethnic population had them. Ethnicity appeared to be a statistically significant predictor of every component of WASH. Compared to Bengali, the ethnic population had 92%, 39%, 44%, and 18% less access to water (aOR=0.08, p≤0.001), sanitation (aOR=0.61, p≤0.001), and handwashing (aOR=0.56, p≤0.001), and WASH facilities aOR=0.82, p≤0.001), respectively. Among the policies of Bangladesh, only one identified actions for WASH rights of the ethnic, indicating structural inequality.
Conclusion: Government should identify the issues of WASH among the ethnic minorities and represent them adequately in the policies for achieving the aim of ‘leaving none behind’ of sustainable development goals.
A New Aerodynamic Endonasal filtration technology for protection against pollutants and respiratory infectious agents: Evaluation of the Particle Filtration Efficacy
Authors: Broccolo Francesco , Saravanan Padmanabhan , Ali Nurshahidah , Toh Alden , Mulyana Sakinah , Goh Lay Beng , Imperi Enrico , Picano Alfredo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
An innovative nasal filter was tested, based on aerodynamic air filtration and not on conventional air filtration by means of fibrous filters. A custom testing system has been designed and three sizes of the filter have been tested vs. monodispersed SiO2 particles sized 5 µm, 1 µm and 0.5 µm, under cycling flow of 6 litres per minute, provided by an artificial lung breather simulating spontaneous breathing. Accelerated testing was implemented, challenging filters with a maximum load of 200 mg per cubic meter. All three filters’ sizes showed initial filtration efficiencies above 90% vs. all particles’ sizes, decreased to not less than 80% after 30 minutes of accelerated testing, corresponding to 4.5 days of continuous use at 2 mg challenge, this value being associated with hazardous air conditions in the PSI scale. Results in this study indicate that nasal filters based on aerodynamic air filtration can provide fine and ultrafine filtration protecting population in day-to-day life from risks associated to pollens, mites, PM, pollutants and respiratory infectious agents.
Research on permanent magnet synchronous motor algorithm based on linear nonlinear switching self-disturbance rejection control
Authors: Liu Xiangde , li Yu , Xia Liang , Tan Xianfeng , Cao Xiang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) has been widely used in servo drive systems because of its advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, high reliability and easy control. However, PMSM is a nonlinear, strongly coupled and multivariate system, and improving system stability and robustness is one of the hot spots in research. Disturbance rejection control was born based on the improvement of PID control, which mainly consists of three parts, namely: tracking differentiator, nonlinear error feedback rate, and extended observer. It can not rely on the accurate model of the controlled object, and its internal expansion state observer can realize online disturbance estimation, with excellent anti-disturbance ability, which has been widely concerned by scholars at home and abroad. Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) After a long period of development and evolution, ADRC can be divided into linear automatic disturbance rejection (LADRC) and nonlinear automatic disturbance rejection (NLADRC), both of which have their own characteristics in control. LADRC is used more in engineering practice because of its small parameters, convenient parameter adjustment, and good control effect in the case of large error. NLADRC has the characteristics of "small error, large gain, large error, small gain", and the control effect is better in the case of small error, but there are shortcomings in parameter adjustment and stability analysis. Therefore, a switch is designed to use NLADRC in the case of small error and LADRC in the case of large error, and combines the advantages of the two to design a linear nonlinear switching automatic disturbance rejection control (SADRC) controller.
Information transparency, collateral problem and bank credit accessibility of small and medium enterprises in ASEAN countries
Authors: THEIN EI EI , Niigata Atsushi , Inaba Kazuo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Financial constraints can harm the growth of small and medium enterprises (SMEs), ultimately impacting a country’s economy and industrialization. Information asymmetry leads banks to rely on collateralized lending which hinders SMEs from accessing bank loans. However, information and communication technology (ICT) and audited financial statements (FSs) can enhance SMEs’ information provision for banks. Despite this, previous studies have paid little attention to the relationship between ICT, FSs and SME financing. This study investigates the impact of FSs and ICT on SME financing, as well as their influence on SMEs’ collateral payments in accessing bank loans in eight ASEAN countries. We use the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Surveys (BEEPS) provided by the World Bank to analyze the data. The results reveal that FSs and ICT can promote SMEs’ bank credit accessibility and reduce collateral issues in accessing bank loans by making SMEs’ information more transparent. SMEs in countries with more developed financial infrastructure can benefit more from FSs and ICT. Furthermore, larger economies enable SMEs to access cheaper finance and mitigate collateral problems. Information transparency is crucial for banks in easing bad debt issues. Therefore, encouraging and supporting SMEs to adopt FSs and ICT can benefit both SMEs and banks.
Study of the pulicat lagoon on the basis of deprived vegetation and water area against increased land surface temperature
Authors: S RAJAKUMARI , Sethu Sundari , Manickam Meenambikai , Murugan Malathi , Jayadevan Sarunjith Kaladevi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

The Pulicat located on the east coast is one of the 17 coastal lagoons of India. It is the second largest brackish water lagoon of India. The lagoon is rich in biodiversity and support nearly 50000 population for their livelihood. The lagoon faces acute threats by natural and anthropogenic activities in the recent years. The present study is attempted to quantify the influence of these natural and anthropogenic activities on the lagoon environment. The study is carried out for a period of 21 years from 2000 to 2021. Land use/cover (LULC), Normalized Difference Vegetative Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Modified Water Index (NDMWI) and Land Surface Temperature (LST) are some of the key parameters determined and assessed in the study to indicate the level of degradation of the lagoon using directional mapping. Prediction of LULC features of the lagoon for the next decade is attempted to understand the future status of the lagoon based on the past and present scenarios. The outcome of the study is found as evidence of the various stress factors threatening the sustainability of the lagoon. Assessment of the vulnerability and adaptation capability of the lagoon environment indicated that the lagoon is inclined more towards vulnerability than adaptation scenario. The study is attempted with the aid of Remote Sensing, GIS and modeling tools.
Crosslinked Polyethylene-based Nanocomposites containing Hybrid Layered Double Hydroxide/Aluminium Oxide: Partial Discharge and AC Breakdown Strength Characteristics
Authors: Iman Nurul , Saman Norhafezaidi Mat , Afendi Mohamed , Ahmad Mohd Hafizi , Wahit Mat Uzir 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCrosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) was mixed with layered double hydroxide-aluminum oxide (LDHs-Al2O3) hybrid nanofillers to enhance the dielectric characteristics. The incorporation of hybrid nanofillers and the interfacial contact between the nanofillers and matrix to improve dielectric performance are essential to the effectiveness of the nanocomposite. In order to determine the ideal hybrid nanofillers loading, the hybrid nanofiller has been added at 0.5, 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0 weight percent with a constant ratio of 1:1 throughout the experiment. With sodium dodecyl sulphate for LDHs and trimethoxy(octyl) silane Al2O3, both nanofillers underwent surface treatment to improve their interfacial interaction with the XLPE matrix. The finding indicates that the LDHs-Al2O3and the XLPE exhibit better interface bonding at 1.0 weight percent, yielding the lowest value of the maximum partial discharge magnitude and the highest dielectric breakdown strength. LDHs-Al2O3at 3.0 and 5.0 weight percent cause crowding, which lowers the dielectric performance of XLPE nanocomposites.
DeepBiomarker2: Prediction of alcohol and substance use disorder risk in post-traumatic stress disorder patients using electronic medical records and multiple social determinants of health
Authors: Miranda Oshin , Fan Peihao , Qi Xiguang , Wang Haohan , Brannock M Daniel , Kosten Thomas , Ryan Neal David , Kirisci Levent , Wang LiRong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction:
Prediction of high-risk events amongst patients with mental disorders is critical for personalized interventions. In our previous study, we developed a deep learning-based model, DeepBiomarker by utilizing electronic medical records (EMR) to predict the outcomes of patients with suicide-related events in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients.
Methods
We improved our deep learning model to develop DeepBiomarker2 through data integration of multimodal information: lab tests, medication use, diagnosis, and social determinants of health (SDoH) parameters (both individual and neighborhood level) from EMR data for outcome prediction. We further refined our contribution analysis for identifying key factors. We applied DeepBiomarker2 to analyze EMR data of 38,807 patients from University of Pittsburgh Medical Center diagnosed with PTSD to determine their risk of developing alcohol and substance use disorder (ASUD).
Results
DeepBiomarker2 predicted whether a PTSD patient will have a diagnosis of ASUD within the following 3 months with a c-statistic (receiver operating characteristic AUC) of 0·93. We used contribution analysis technology to identify key lab tests, medication use and diagnosis for ASUD prediction. These identified factors imply that the regulation of the energy metabolism, blood circulation, inflammation, and microbiome is involved in shaping the pathophysiological pathways promoting ASUD risks in PTSD patients. Our study found protective medications such as oxybutynin, magnesium oxide, clindamycin, cetirizine, montelukast and venlafaxine all have a potential to reduce risk of ASUDs.
Discussion
DeepBiomarker2 can predict ASUD risk with high accuracy and can further identify potential risk factors along with medications with beneficial effects. We believe that our approach will help in personalized interventions of PTSD for a variety of clinical scenarios.
A Study on Multi-factor Geometry-Physical Modeling and Simulation in Machine Tool Cutting Processes
Authors: Liu Wei , Ma Hengyuan , Zhou Xionghui , Niu Qiang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Geometric-physical modelling and simulation of tool machining processes is a reasonable realization for manufacturing prediction and verification. An effectual simulation system is based on the correct cutting mechanism and accurate geometric calculation. By integrating the scheme of CNC code analysis, process planning and optimization, cutting mechanism model and other related aspects, micro cutting details are expected to be simulated in advance, detected and monitored in the process and analysed afterwards, to achieve the purpose of "Verification IS Production". Based on this vision, this paper proposes a research framework of micro geometric modelling and physical simulation for machine tool cutting. On the basis of continuous improvements in 3D modules for cutting geometry simulation, the physical simulation research and verification is carried out with several typical scenes, in which the mappings between real occasions and simulation system are established. With the cutting physical models, this paper deeply investigated the simulation calculation and correction for various factors affecting the cutting performance and indicators, and finally verifies, analyses and optimizes them through actual machining environments. The purpose of this paper is to explore a feasible way for richer scenes and further research through the multi-element modelling of several comprehensive cutting cases and in-depth micro geometry and physics investigation. Later experiments indicate that the framework performs well and bring good references to similar researches and applications.
The presence of a humanoid robot can be detrimental to human performance in an attentional task
Authors: Ghiglino Davide , De Tommaso Davide , Lukomski Adam Wojciech , Wykowska Agnieszka 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBeing surrounded by others has enabled humans to optimize everyday life tasks, as the mere presence of others can improve performance in some daily tasks. At the same time, the presence of an audience can also be detrimental to an individual's performance. Still, it is unclear what happens when these “others” include artificial agents, such as robots. Literature has shown mixed results in understanding whether robots can be facilitators or distractors in joint tasks. To understand the impact that the presence of a robot might have on human attentional mechanisms, we designed a visual-search-based game that participants could play alone, under the surveillance of a humanoid robot, or in collaboration with it. Thirty-six participants completed this experiment (age = 26.44 ± 6.35, 10 males). Attentional processes were assessed using metrics of performance (i.e. search times), and eye-tracking (i.e. fixation duration and time to first fixation). Results showed that the presence of the robot negatively affected participants' performance in-game, with longer search times and time to first fixation when the robot was observing them. We hypothesize that the robot acted as a distractor, delaying the allocation of attentional resources to the task, potentially exerting monitoring pressure.
On catching the preparatory phase of damaging earthquakes: an example from central Italy
Authors: Picozzi Matteo , Iaccarino Antonio G. , Spallarossa Daniele , Bindi Dino 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
How, when and where large earthquakes are generated remain fundamental unsolved scientific questions.Here, we demonstrate that intercepting when a fault system starts deviating from its steady behavior by monitoring the spatio-temporal evolution and dynamic source properties of micro-to-small earthquakescan have high potential as tool for identifying the preparatory phase of large earthquakes.
We re-analyzed the seismic activity that preceded the Mw 6.3 earthquake that hit L’Aquila on 6 April 2009 in central Italy. We show that the seismic catalog information can be transformed into features allowing us to track in a statistical framework the evolution of seismicity. Features associated to foreshocks show different patterns from the background seismicity that occurred in the previous years. While foreshocks share similar clustering properties of previous seismic sequences not culminating in large earthquakes, we show that their ensemble allows to clearly capture the activation phase of the main event.
Determinants of Poor Glycemic Control among Type 2 Diabetes in Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia: a multi-centered case-control study
Authors: Tekalign Alemayehu Molla , Lambero Hanna , Semahegn Agumasie , Motuma Aboma , Roba Kedir Teji 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Poor glycemic control is a public health problem that cause a serious health issues among chronic follow up clinic in diabetes patients. In Ethiopia, scarcity of evidence exist using HbA1c testing to monitor and control blood glucose levels. Therefore, this study is aimed to identify determinants of poor glycemic control by using HbAc1 among diabetes patients in Ethiopia. A case-control study was conducted among type 2 diabetes patients in follow-up clinic at private and public hospitals in Dire Dawa town. We selected a total of 190 participants (95 cases and 95 controls) by using systematic random sampling technique. Structured questionnaire interviews and data extraction check list were used to collect the data. The collected data was entered into EpiData and exported to STATA version 16.1 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was applied to determine predictors of glycemic control using an adjusted odd ratio (AOR) and a 95% confidence interval (CI). Finally, p-value <0.05 was considered the cut-off point for declaring a significant association. The study show that being a female (AOR= 2.73; 95% CI=1.10-6.79), smokers (AOR= 14.85;95% CI=5.25-42.88), blood glucose monitoring three or less per week (AOR=4.87;95% CI=1.42-16.71), overweight (AOR=4.96; 95% CI=1.82-13.52) and obese (AOR=5.19; 95% CI=1.76-15.56), ten years or above the treatment (AOR= 3.56; 95% CI: 1.17-10.82), and patients who have coronary artery disease (AOR=2.47; 95% CI: 1.01, 6.03) were independent predictors of poor glycemic control. On the other hand, adherence to diabetic medication five or more days per week was negatively independent predictor of poor glycemic control (AOR= 0.24; 95% CI: 0.10-0.63). Being a female, smoking, overweight or obese, medication adherence, poor blood glucose monitoring, coronary artery diseases were found the predictors of poor glycemic control. As a result, emphasis on modifiable factors intervention that targets to improving glycemic control is required.
Total hip arthroplasty versus hemiarthroplasty in the treatment of active elderly patients over 75 years with displaced femoral neck fractures:a retrospective study
Authors: Luo Santong , Qin Wupeng , Yu Lizhi , Luo Raoshan , Liang Weiming 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Backgroud: Femoral neck fractures are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality for older adults. Total hip arthroplasty (THA) and hemiarthroplasty (HA) are widely used in elderly patients with displaced femoral neck fractures (DFNF), but there is still controversy refer to the optimal chose for the management of DFNF in active elderly patients.
Methods：This is a retrospective cohort study that incorporates medical record review with an outcomes management database. 73 patients who underwent HA and 66 patients who underwent THA were identiﬁed from January 2015 to December 2017. Data of age, gender, BMI, comorbidity status, operation time, blood loss, hospitalization time, in-hospital complication were collected and analyzed. Follow-up clinical and radiographic examinations were performed at approximately five years,and hip complications,Harris Hip Score and EuroQol-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) were assessed.
Results: Preoperative general data of sex, age, BMI and charlson comorbidity score of THA group(n=55) has no statistically significant difference with that of HA group. Patients treated by THA had significantly longer operation time (105.5 vs 76.7 minutes;P＜0.001),more blood loss (524.1 vs 350.1ml;P＜0.001) and longer hospitalization time (15.8 vs 13.8 days;P＜0.001).There was no significant differences between two groups in complications(32.7% vs 25.8%,P=0.432). No patients died during the hospitalization. After five years,only 33 patients in the THA group and 34 patents in the HA group were still alive,and the fraction surviving were not statistically significant between two groups(60.0% vs 54.8%,P> 0.05). The differences in hip function in favor of THA appeared to increase after the five-year follow-up, and the difference was significant in terms of the total Harris hip score(81.3 vs 73.1, P＜0.001) as well as in the dimensions of pain(38.9 vs 35.9, P=0.033), function(33.7 vs 29.2, P=0.001),absence of deformity(4.0 vs 3.9, P=0.023) and range of motion(4.6 vs 4.2, P=0.008). There was no significant differences between groups in hip dislocation rate(6.1% vs 0.0%, P=0.239). The erosion rate of hip joint in the THA group was significantly lower than that of the HA group(0.0% vs 26.5%, P=0.002). The health-related quality of life, according to EQ-5D index score, was found to be higher(0.69 vs 0.63, P= 0.001) in the THA group than the HA group after five years.
Conclusion: THA may be a preferred management option for active elderly patients over 75 years.The more extensive surgery of THA is not associated with higher in-hospital complication rate or mortality rate. These patients can benefit from THA in terms of hip function and quality of life.
Trial registration: No.