bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Counterpoint: Preprints and the Future of Scientific Publishing—In Favor of Relevance
Authors: Glymour M Maria , Charpignon Marie-Laure , Chen Yea-Hung , Kiang Mathew V 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Peer-reviewed journals provide an invaluable but inadequate vehicle for scientific communication. Preprints are now an essential complement to peer-reviewed publications. Eschewing preprints will slow scientific progress and reduce the public health impact of epidemiologic research. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic highlighted long-standing limitations of the peer-review process. Preprint servers, such as bioRxiv and medRxiv, served as crucial venues to rapidly disseminate research and provide detailed backup to sound-bite science that is often communicated through the popular press or social media. The major criticisms of preprints arise from an unjustified optimism about peer review. Peer review provides highly imperfect sorting and curation of research and only modest improvements in research conduct or presentation for most individual papers. The advantages of peer review come at the expense of months to years of delay in sharing research methods or results. For time-sensitive evidence, these delays can lead to important missteps and ill-advised policies. Even with research that is not intrinsically urgent, preprints expedite debate, expand engagement, and accelerate progress. The risk that poor-quality papers will have undue influence because they are posted on a preprint server is low. If epidemiology aims to deliver evidence relevant for public health, we need to embrace strategic uses of preprint servers.
Rationale and design of CONTINUITY: a Phase 4 randomized controlled trial of continued post-discharge sodium zirconium cyclosilicate treatment versus standard of care for hyperkalemia in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Burton James O , Allum Alaster M , Amin Alpesh , Linde Cecilia , Lesén Eva , Mellström Carl , Eudicone James M , Sood Manish M 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
Individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) hospitalized with hyperkalemia are at risk of hyperkalemia recurrence and re-hospitalization. We present the rationale and design of CONTINUITY, a study to examine the efficacy of continuing sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC)—an oral, highly selective potassium (K+) binder—compared with standard of care (SoC) on maintaining normokalemia and reducing re-hospitalization and resource utilization among participants with CKD hospitalized with hyperkalemia.

Methods
This Phase 4, randomized, open-label, multicenter study will enroll adults with Stage 3b–5 CKD and/or estimated glomerular filtration rate &lt;45 mL/min/1.73 m2, within 3 months of eligibility screening, hospitalized with a serum potassium (sK+) level of &gt;5.0–≤6.5 mmol/L, without ongoing K+ binder treatment. The study will include an in-hospital phase, where participants receive SZC for 2–21 days, and an outpatient (post-discharge) phase. At discharge, participants with sK+ 3.5–5.0 mmol/L will be randomized (1:1) to SZC or SoC and monitored for 180 days. The primary endpoint is the occurrence of normokalemia at 180 days. Secondary outcomes include incidence and number of hospital admissions or emergency department visits both with hyperkalemia as a contributing factor, and renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitor down-titration. The safety and tolerability of SZC will be evaluated.
Ethics approval has been received from all relevant ethics committees. Enrollment started March 2022 and the estimated study end date is December 2023.

Conclusions
This study will assess the potential of SZC versus SoC in managing people with CKD and hyperkalemia post-discharge.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05347693; EudraCT: 2021-003527-14, registered on 19 October 2021.
Job satisfaction among community drug distributors in the Mass Drug Administration programme in Nigeria: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kevin Diltokka Gideon , Lawong Bernsah Damian , Dixon Ruth , Woode Maame Esi , Agboraw Efundem , Ozano Kim , Dean Laura , Forrer Armelle , Isiyaku Sunday , Thomson Rachael , Worrall Eve 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite having one of the largest human resources for health in Africa, the delivery of neglected tropical disease (NTD) health interventions in Nigeria has been hampered by health worker shortages. This study assessed factors associated with job satisfaction among community drug distributors (CDDs) supporting the Nigerian NTD programme, with the goal of identifying opportunities to improve job satisfaction in support of NTD control and elimination efforts in Nigeria.MethodsA health facility-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2019 among CDDs in two states with sharply contrasting NTD programme support, Kaduna and Ogun. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to determine the association between respondent characteristics, programme delivery modalities and job satisfaction.ResultsOverall, 75.3% and 74.0% of CDDs were categorised as being satisfied with their job in Kaduna and Ogun states, respectively. The component with the highest reported satisfaction was motivation, where 98.9% and 98.6% of CDDs were satisfied, in Kaduna and Ogun, respectively. Participants were least satisfied with remuneration, communication, supplies and materials, as well as workload. Location (rural/urban) and state, years of experience, who delivers training and reimbursement of transport fare during medicine distribution were significantly associated with job satisfaction.ConclusionsIncluding multiple health staff and NTD programme cadres in CDD training and providing remuneration to cover transport fares spent during MDA delivery may improve CDDs’ job satisfaction both in Ogun and Kaduna states. Given these two states are at opposite ends of the programme support spectrum, such adaptative measures might help improve CDD job satisfaction in the wider Nigerian NTD programme context.
A mixed methods evaluation of an integrated training package for skin neglected tropical diseases in Kaduna and Ogun, Nigeria
Authors: Lar Luret A , Chowdhury Shahreen , Umunnakwe Cynthia , Yahemba Dupe , David Adekunle , Omitola Olaitan O , Haruna Stephen , Lawal Sefiat , Isiyaku Sunday , Shuaibu Joy , Albarka Jehoshaphat , Thomson Rachael , Dean Laura 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe overall burden of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) affecting the skin is undetermined. Skin conditions are among the top 10 causes of disability worldwide. Affected persons seek treatment at advanced stages of the disease, resulting in morbidity and disability. We developed and evaluated an integrated training intervention for early case detection, referral and management of skin NTDs in two states in Nigeria.MethodsThis was a mixed-methods study using participatory approaches to develop specific skin algorithms and training packages for community and primary level health workers. This supported the identification, referral and clinical diagnosis of suspected cases. We used Kirkpatrick's model to evaluate the training package.ResultsParticipants’ knowledge improved after the 2-months intervention. Across both states, knowledge retention appeared more robust for cadres at all levels: state, local government area and primary healthcare. All (100%) participants mentioned that the training assisted them in detecting, referring and managing skin NTDs. Training was understood by participants and training materials were easy to understand. Materials were also effective in educating community members about the symptoms of NTDs and supported referral to facilities for appropriate management.ConclusionsCommunity implementers can be trained and supervised to detect people affected by skin NTDs and support appropriate management within the existing patient care pathway.
EU antitrust in support of the Green Deal. Why better is not good enough
Authors: Loozen Edith 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The European Union (EU) Commission proposes to ‘green up’ its enforcement of Article 101(3) TFEU to allow producers to collectively overcome so-called first mover disadvantages that would result from inefficient market regulation. The Commission's reboot focuses on the last three exemption conditions. First, the consumer benefit condition is customized to use collective consumer benefits to determine whether consumers receive a ‘fair share’ of the benefits established under the efficiency condition. Here, the Commission bypasses the Dutch proposition to also take account of non-consumer benefits when investigating whether consumers are compensated for anticompetitive harm. Second, the indispensability condition is tasked to filter out greenwashing. Third, the residual competition condition is trusted to allow private collective action insofar it does not eliminate competition on price and/or innovation. Discussing both EU and Dutch proposals, this article finds that greening up Article 101(3) brings competition policy outside the limiting principles that define objective and effective competition enforcement in terms of voluntary exchange.
A home-based low-intensity resistance exercise programme with supervision for secondary sarcopenia in a patient with established rheumatoid arthritis: A case report
Authors: Hishikawa Norikazu , Toyama Shogo , Shimahara Noriyoshi , Taira Kazuaki , Kawasaki Takashi , Ohashi Suzuyo , Sawada Koshiro , Mikami Yasuo 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTPatients with established rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are at risk of developing secondary sarcopenia. Both pharmacological and exercise interventions are essential for treatment. However, for such patients, exercise loads may lead to the progression of joint destruction and worsening of pain. The purpose of this report was to assess the feasibility of a home-based, low-intensity resistance exercise programme. The case was a 70-year-old female patient with sarcopenia secondary to RA. She was diagnosed with RA at 57 years of age and began medication, maintaining remission of disease activity. However, she did not exercise habitually and was relatively inactive in her daily life. Furthermore, she had kinesiophobia associated with her RA-related symptoms. We suggested implementing a home-based low-intensity resistance exercise programme &gt;3 months, with the goal of exercising the lower extremities daily. The patient was asked to self-monitor using an exercise diary and attend monthly outpatient visits for repeat counselling and feedback. As a result, she was able to perform the exercise programme safely with high compliance, improving her kinesiophobia as well as physical inactivity, although her skeletal muscle mass did not change. Regular exercise and increased physical activity may help prevent the onset of sarcopenia. These results demonstrate the feasibility of implementing our exercise programme and support its potential for preventing the progression of sarcopenia. While questions remain in terms of treating sarcopenia, we believe that our findings will lead to the establishment of an exercise programme for patients with sarcopenia secondary to established rheumatoid arthritis.
High Seroprevalence of Kaposi Sarcoma–Associated Herpesvirus in Men Who Have Sex With Men With HIV in the Southern United States
Authors: Knights Sheena M , Salyards Maverick , Kendall Noelle , Lazarte Susana M , Kainthla Radhika , Miley Wendell , Marshall Vickie , Labo Nazzarena , Whitby Denise , Chiao Elizabeth Y , Nijhawan Ank E 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Disparities in mortality in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–associated Kaposi sarcoma have been described, particularly in Black men in the southern United States. It is unclear if there are racial/ethnic differences in the seroprevalence of Kaposi sarcoma–associated herpesvirus (KSHV) that may be contributing.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional study of men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women with HIV. Participants were recruited from an outpatient HIV clinic in Dallas, Texas, for a 1-time study visit and were excluded from analysis if they had any history of KSHV disease. Plasma was tested for antibodies to KSHV K8.1 or ORF73 antigens, and KSHV DNA was measured in oral fluids and blood by polymerase chain reaction. KSHV seroprevalence and viral shedding in blood and oral fluids were calculated. Additionally, independent risk factors for KSHV seropositivity were assessed by multivariable logistic regression analysis.

Results
Two hundred five participants were included in our analysis. Overall, KSHV seroprevalence was high (68%) with no significant difference between racial/ethnic groups. Among seropositive participants, KSHV DNA was detected in 28.6% of oral fluids and 10.9% of peripheral blood specimens, respectively. The factors most strongly associated with KSHV seropositivity were oral–anal sex (odds ratio [OR], 3.02), oral–penile sex (OR, 4.63), and methamphetamine use (OR, 4.67).

Conclusions
High local seroprevalence of KSHV is likely a key driver of the high burden of KSHV-associated diseases regionally, though it does not explain the observed disparities in KSHV-associated disease prevalence among racial/ethnic groups. Our findings support that KSHV is primarily transmitted via exchange of oral fluids.
C-Reactive protein rise in rheumatology patients following COVID-19 vaccination
Authors: Gor Shivani , Kim Sung-Hee , Yein Khin , Michael Jessica , Price Elizabeth 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim was to determine the proportion of patients with inflammatory arthritis who have a flare of their rheumatological disease within 4 weeks of receiving a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine, using CRP as a surrogate marker.MethodsA retrospective review was conducted of notes for patients with inflammatory arthritis within 30 days of their COVID-19 vaccine. An electronic database (DAWN) was used to identify all patients who were currently on a DMARD or biologic therapy. This was then correlated with vaccine data from the National Immunisation and Vaccination System (NIVS) and CRP within 30 days of their vaccination.ResultsFrom the DAWN database, 1620 adults were identified (mean age 61 years, 64% female). Three types of vaccinations were administered: AstraZeneca (AZ), BioNTech-Pfizer or Moderna. Vaccine uptake was 1542 of 1620 (95.2% for the first dose), 1550 of 1620 (95.7% for the second dose) and 1437 of 1620 (88.7% for the third dose). One hundred and ninety-two of 1542 patients (12.5%) had a CRP rise of &gt;10 mg/l within 30 days of their vaccine, which was higher than the baseline flare rate of 8.6% (P = 0.0004).ConclusionPatients with inflammatory arthritis and on DMARDs have a high uptake of COVID-19 vaccine (95%), which is greater than the national average. A CRP rise &gt;10 mg/l within 30 days of vaccination was observed in ∼1 in 10 patients in our study population after all three doses. There might be a slight increase in disease flare in patients with inflammatory arthritis after COVID-19 vaccinations, and additional research is required to assess this association further.
Growing up with chronic pain: a systematic review of the evidence in transitional care for young people with chronic pain
Authors: Huckerby Lauren , McDonagh Janet E , Lee Rebecca Rachael 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivePaediatric chronic pain presents a significant individual and societal burden, with an estimated prevalence of 11–38%. A large proportion of adolescents with chronic pain will have unresolved pain that continues into adulthood and thus requires transitional care. The aim of this review was to investigate the current evidence for the core components of effective transitional care interventions designed for young people with chronic pain.MethodsStudies were identified by searching the Embase, MEDLINE, CINAHL and PsycINFO databases. A search strategy using terms such as ‘Adolescent’, ‘Persistent long-term pain’ and ‘Transition’ (or variations of such words) was implemented. Inclusion criteria were sample population age 10–24 years, a confirmed diagnosis of a condition characterized by chronic pain, any healthcare setting, any service provider, published peer reviewed and English language.ResultsNinety-eight articles were identified by the search and 14 were selected after abstract screening. Two independent reviewers screened the articles, followed by a senior reviewer. Of the 14 articles, full-text review found that none of the articles looked specifically at evidence with respect to core components of effective transitional care designed for young people with chronic pain.ConclusionChronic pain is a feature of many long-term health conditions. It remains unknown as to whether there are any pain-specific aspects of transitional care. How pain management is addressed in existing transitional care provision and the relationship of pain to outcomes needs further research. If effective interventions can be provided during these crucial years, the trajectory of these young people can potentially be improved into adulthood.
Zonal interdependence in the temporomandibular joint cartilage
Authors: Xu Xiaojie , Zhang Yuejiao , Zhang Jing , Wang Dongmei , Yang Hongxu , Liu Qian , Zhou Peng , Wang Yazhou , Yang Liu , Wang Meiqing 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe temporomandibular joint (TMJ) cartilage is biomechanical sensitive. Cells in TMJ cartilage are zonally arranged, earlier differentiated in the super zone and late differentiated in the deep zone. The purpose was to detect the zonal interdependence in TMJ cartilage under dental biomechanical stimulations. Here, we obtained the Sox9CreER; Rosa26tdTomato and Col10CreER; Rosa26tdTomato mice to label super zone Sox9‐expressing (Sox9+) or deep zone Col10‐expressing (Col10+) cells by tdTomato (TdT), and Sox9CreER; Rosa26DTA and Col10CreER; Rosa26DTA mice to ablate Sox9+ or Col10+ cells selectively. These mice were subjected to unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC) or bilateral anterior elevation (BAE) dental stimulation, which promoted terminal differentiation or proliferation of TMJ chondrocytes, respectively. In both UAC and BAE models, the Sox9‐TdT+ cells performed as proliferation and mature differentiation, showing as expressing Ki67 and Col‐X, respectively; while the Col10‐TdT+ cells performed as terminal differentiation, showing as expressing osteocalcin (OCN). In both Sox9+‐ and Col10+‐cells ablation groups, there were reductions in cell number, cartilage thickness and matrix amount, subchondral bone loss, and condylar deformation. The UAC‐promoted terminal differentiation was enhanced, and the BAE‐promoted cellular proliferation was ruined. Impressively, when Col10+ cells were ablated, the UAC‐promoted DAP3 expression, an anoikis marker, was further increased, while the BAE‐suppressed DAP3 expression was instead greatly increased. These findings demonstrated that the cartilage zones function interdependently. The super zone harbors the cells that undergo differentiation to deep zone cells, the deep zone contains load‐bearing matrix which is structural essential for the cells located inside or superficial.
Epigenetic cues regulating airway development in human lung organoids: Polycomb repressive complex 2 and altered chromatin accessibility determine cell fate
Authors: Shirvaliloo Milad , Akhavan‐Sigari Reza 
Published: March 2023

AbstractToday, human organoids are becoming an integrated part of genomics and epigenomics, as they provide a platform that can be used for the definite study of molecular and cellular mechanisms occurring at different stages of development, particularly organogenesis, within the human body. Airway development is a complex process heavily influenced by epigenetic regulatory mechanisms in response to environmental changes, and as such, human lung organoids are an indispensable asset for further exploration of these mechanisms as a mode of transition from human in vitro to human ex vivo studies. Cultured primarily in compounds mimicking the extracellular matrix, such as Matrigel, these lung organoids have helped us to come to a better understanding of the role of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) and enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) in lung epithelial cell differentiation and airway development, which was first reported in the FASEB journal in 2019. The following is an extended account of how the histone methylation‐regulating PRC2 comes to play in the molding of the human bronchial tree, along with further epigenetic insights based on more recently developed human lung organoids.
Case report: Mild leukoencephalopathy caused by a new mutation of NOTCH3 gene
Authors: Qi Yuxiang , Li Hairong , Yu Ling 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriosis with subcortical infarction and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a single-gene small-vessel disease of the brain characterized by migraine, recurrent ischemic stroke, psychiatric disorders, progressive cognitive decline, and occasional intracerebral hemorrhage.[1]
NOTCH3 was identified as a pathogenic gene for CADASIL.[2] The NOTCH3 gene encodes a membrane-bound receptor protein, and to date, several different NOTCH3 gene mutations have been identified.[3] Here, we report a case of CADASIL with a heterozygous mutation c.931T > G (thymine > guanine) on the exon region of the NOTCH3 gene, resulting in an amino acid change p.C311G (cysteine > glycine).

Case report:
We report a case of a female patient with CADASIL whose genetic sequencing revealed a mutation in the NOTCH3 gene. However, this patient did not exhibit any of the typical clinical findings of CADASIL but the patient’s cerebral magnetic resonance imaging was consistent with the characteristic findings of CADASIL.

Conclusions:
This case reminds us that mutations caused by different mutation sites present different clinical symptoms.
Solitary bone plasmacytoma of the tibia presenting as chronic osteomyelitis: A rare case report and literature review
Authors: Yang Xiao-Wei , Zhou Gui-Chao , Long Zhi-Sheng , Gong Fei-Peng , Chen Gang 
Published: March 2023

Rationale:
Plasmacytoma is a rare plasma cell dyscrasia that grows within the axial skeleton or soft tissue structures as solitary or multiple masses. The primary types are solitary plasmacytoma, including solitary bone plasmacytoma (SBP) and solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma, and multiple solitary plasmacytomas. SBP is characterized by localized proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells and is rare. However, SBP with chronic osteomyelitis is even rarer.

Patient concerns:
A 47-year-old man previously diagnosed with chronic osteomyelitis presented with repeated discharge and ulceration in the front of his right tibia.

Diagnosis, interventions and outcomes:
Lower extremity magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) examinations showed dead bone formation and surrounding inflammatory edema. Thus, the patient underwent dead bone excision and fenestration of the bone marrow cavity. The histopathologic examination results indicated plasmacytoma. Therefore, we administered radiotherapy with satisfactory results.

Lessons:
Physicians should pay close attention to chronic osteomyelitis because it may be accompanied by plasmacytoma. Postoperative pathological and immunohistochemical examinations are crucial, and surgical resection of the lesion and local radiotherapy are effective treatment methods.