bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment on land use changes and livelihood transition under the hydropower dam construction in Paunglaung Township, Southern Shan Highlands, Myanmar
Authors: Swe Khin Nilar , Funakawa Shinya , Okamoto Yuki , Chan Nyein 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe examined agricultural land use changes and their impacts on the local livelihoods of upstream farmers after the Paunglaung hydropower dam construction in Myanmar. Landsat and GeoEye images, acquired in 2011 and 2018, were used to detect agricultural land use changes. A marked decrease in agricultural land (5.77% of farmland and 9.64% of swidden) was observed, whereas orchards and plantations were introduced as new farming practices. Using the household survey, the income strategies were categorized by different wealth groups, and the socioeconomic condition was compared among the groups. We also compared the annual household income before and after dam construction. A significant change in income strategies after the dam construction were observed in low‐income households, but not in medium and high‐income households. Local people engaged in diversified livelihood strategies after the dam construction, mainly in relocated villages. Besides, farmland lost due to dam construction caused the significant insufficiency of rice self‐consumption and consequently resulted in greater dependency on the market of rice and their products. This study highlighted land use changes due to dam construction and its impacts on the livelihood of local farmers, contributing to planning the land use and livelihood strategies for affected farmers to ensure their livelihood security.
Physical controls and ecological implications of the timing of the spring phytoplankton bloom on the Newfoundland and Labrador shelf
Authors: Cyr Frédéric , Lewis Keith , Bélanger David , Regular Paul , Clay Stephanie , Devred Emmanuel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe timing of spring phytoplankton blooms is crucial to many species that have adapted their development to benefit from the enhanced feeding opportunity they offer. Any change to their timing may affect the productivity of an entire ecosystem. This study explores the relationship between the ocean climate, the timing of the spring bloom and the secondary production on the Newfoundland and Labrador shelf. It is found that over interannual cycles, the ocean climate is significantly correlated with the timing of the bloom and the abundance of Calanus finmarchicus, a key zooplankton species for the ecosystem. It also appears that the spring bloom is initiated by the onset of ocean re‐stratification following winter mixing. Understanding how annual variation in climate relates to the timing of the spring bloom and zooplankton abundance, that is, the base of the marine food web, can inform the development of ecosystem‐informed models for higher trophic levels.
A dual‐band complementary frequency selective surface combining structures that provides narrow and wide stop‐band frequency responses
Authors: Lira Ruann Victor de Andrade , da Silva Bruno Sátiro , Campos Antonio Luiz P. S. , Gomes Neto Alfredo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we proposed a dual‐band complementary frequency selective surface (CFSS) with narrow stop band and large stop band. The proposed CFSS combines two simple geometries, the square loop with grid and the crossed dipole. The resonant frequencies are 2.53 and 5.38 GHz. The bandwidths of 280 MHz and 1.77 GHz were obtained, at –10 dB level, for the first and second bands, respectively. These frequencies and bands show that the structure can be applied in Wi‐Fi (2.4–2.5 GHz) and C‐band (4–6 GHz) frequencies. The simulated and measured results show that the chosen geometry has angular stability and polarization independence up to 45°. We can observe a good agreement between simulated and measured results.
Effect of polyurethane material design on damping ability
Authors: Babkina Nataliia , Antonenko Oksana , Kosyanchuk Ludmila , Vorontsova Liubov , Babich Oleg , Brovko Olexander 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPolyurethane (PU) materials attract the interest of researchers for use in damping and vibration isolation. However, an undesirable property of pure polyurethane is a narrow temperature range of mechanical energy absorption. This study presented several ways to design damping PU materials based on two initial polyurethanes with different prepolymer compositions. The difference between the glass transition temperatures of initial PUs was 30°C. One way of designing was to obtain PU material based on a mixture of the two different prepolymers. Another way was to fabricate two‐layer composites from layers of different initial PUs. Тwo‐layer PU composites were fabricated in such ways as by sequential formation layer by layer or by gluing individual films. Continuous materials with a good connection between the layers were formed. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, light microscopy, contact angle measurements, and tensile tests were used for PU materials characterization. Dynamic mechanical analysis was used to investigate the viscoelastic properties and evaluate damping ability. The temperature ranges of effective damping (tan δ ≥ 0.3) from −27°C to 17°C and from −5°C to 42°C were shown for initial PUs. One high loss factor maximum for mixed‐base polyurethane was observed, and the temperature range of effective damping was from −20°C to 32°C. All designed two‐layer composites were shown two loss factor maxima. Their effective damping occurred either in one temperature range (−25°C to 29°C) or in two (−24°C to −14°C and −7°C to 37°C), depending on the design of the composite. The advantage of polyurethane materials design ways such as mixed‐base and two‐layer composite is the ease of control of the temperature region of effective damping. Proposed polyurethane materials designs offer a new approach to developing high‐performed damping materials.
Optical and structural properties of nanocomposites based on HMW‐PMMA reinforced by spherical and rod‐shaped titanium dioxide nanoparticles
Authors: Jouamaa A. , Panniello A. , El Fengouchi I. , Dell'Edera M. , Lahlouhi N. , Costa L. C. , Striccoli M. , El Hasnaoui M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis work presents an investigation on the optical and structural properties of two series of nanocomposites based on the incorporation of spherical‐ (NDs) or rod‐shaped (NRs) semiconductive crystalline titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) into an insulating amorphous polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) matrix. The UV–visible absorbance and reflectance measurements reveal that the increase in TiO2 NP concentration within the polymer matrix reduces the forbidden band size for both NDs and NRs, leading to an improvement of the refractive index. SEM and TEM morphological characterizations were performed to investigate the size, size distribution and NPs dispersion within the polymeric matrix. The structural analyses performed by using X‐ray diffraction show peaks ascribed to the TiO2 crystalline structure while infrared (FT‐IR) spectra indicate the occurrence of interactions between nanofillers and the polymer chain of the host matrix.
Emotion dysregulation as mediator between mentalizing capacity and affective states: An exploratory study
Authors: Ghanbari Saeed , Asgarizadeh Ahmad , Vahidi Elahe , Seyed Mousavi Parisa Sadat , Omidghaemi Maryam 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimWe intended to elucidate the relationship between mentalizing capacity and affective states by investigating the mediatory role of emotion dysregulation.MethodsA sample of nonclinical Iranian adults (N = 445) completed a battery of online self‐report measures comprising the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), Mentalization Scale (MentS), and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS).ResultsCorrelational analyses demonstrated that self‐ and other‐related mentalizing were significantly and inversely associated with emotion dysregulation, which in turn was strongly linked with positive and negative affects. Using structural equation modeling, the results delineated emotion dysregulation as a mediator between self‐ and other‐related mentalizing and affective states, predicting higher negative and lower positive affects. However, motivation to mentalize failed to predict positive affects and only contributed to lower negative affects directly.ConclusionMentalizing capacity was found to be indirectly linked with affective states through emotion dysregulation; hence, along with the previously substantiated association between emotion dysregulation and affective states and the partially established relationship between mentalizing capacity and affective states, we propose mentalizing incapacity to be at fault in the development of affective difficulties.
Metabolic reprogramming in osteosarcoma
Authors: Shi Yulu , Yue Xiaohan , Luo Qing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTumor cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to meet their energy and anabolic demands to maintain their malignant phenotype. Activation of oncogenes and deletion of tumor suppressors promotes metabolic reprogramming in cancer by directly or indirectly regulating enzymatic activities associated with metabolic pathways. Metabolic reprogramming in tumor cells mainly involves the glycolytic pathway, pentose phosphate pathway, serine synthesis pathway, enhanced glutamine metabolism or fatty acid anabolism, and abnormal mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). The tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle is the central pathway of mitochondrial OXPHOS, and glucose, amino acid and fatty acid metabolism are associated with the TCA cycle. Metabolic abnormalities and rewiring of metabolic pathways are also present in Osteosarcoma (OS). The abnormal metabolic pattern in OS is associated with cell proliferation, migration, invasion and drug resistance. This review summarizes the current studies on glycolysis, amino acid metabolism, lipid synthesis and the TCA cycle related to OS.
The role of hyperglycemia‐evoked intracellular hyaluronan accumulation and its activity on the autophagic and endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways
Authors: Wang Andrew , Wang Aimin , Hascall Vincent 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMesangial expansion is a hallmark of diabetic nephropathy (DN) that reduces the area for filtration and leads eventually to sclerosis and renal failure. A phenotypic activation and transient proliferation of the glomerular mesangial cells and a subsequent prominent glomerular infiltration of monocytes and macrophages appear to have a key role in the induction of mesangial matrix expansion, hypercellularity, and the onset of proteinuria. The molecular mechanisms underlying glomerular infiltration and activation by monocytes in DN are still unclear. Our previous studies indicate that aberrant intracellular synthesis of hyaluronan (HA) by hyperglycemic dividing mesangial cells is the central mechanism involved. These studies demonstrated that mesangial cells that divided in hyperglycemia activated synthesis of HA in intracellular compartments and induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress/autophagy to secrete and form a monocyte adhesive extracellular HA matrix. This recruits inflammatory cells and establishes a chronic inflammatory fibrosis process that leads to sclerosis and renal failure. Our perspectives for the role of intracellular HA synthesis, ER stress, and autophagy in diabetic nephropathy are described.
Practical considerations for individualizing drug dosing in critically ill adults receiving renal replacement therapy
Authors: Kanji Salmaan , Roger Claire , Taccone Fabio Silvio , Muller Laurent 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCritically ill patients with sepsis admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) often present with or develop renal dysfunction requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) in addition to antimicrobial therapy. While early and appropriate antimicrobials for sepsis have been associated with an increased probability of survival, adequate dosing is also required in these patients. Adequate dosing of antimicrobials refers to dosing strategies that achieve serum drug levels at the site of infection that are able to provide a microbiological and/or clinical response while avoiding toxicity from excessive antibiotic exposure. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is the recommended strategy to achieve this goal, however, TDM is not routinely available in all ICUs and for all antimicrobials. In the absence of TDM, clinicians are therefore required to make dosing decisions based on the clinical condition of the patient, the causative organism, the characteristics of RRT, and an understanding of the physicochemical properties of the antimicrobial. Pharmacokinetics (PK) of antimicrobials can be highly variable between critically ill patients and also within the same patient over the course of their ICU stay. The initiation of RRT, which can be in the form of intermittent hemodialysis, continuous, or prolonged intermittent therapy, further complicates the predictability of drug disposition. This variability highlights the need for individualized dosing. This review highlights the practical considerations for the clinician for antimicrobial dosing in critically ill patients receiving RRT.
Effects of dopamine D2 receptor antagonists on retinal pigment epithelial/choroid complex metabolism in form‐deprived myopic guinea pigs
Authors: Wei Pinghui , Han Guoge , Wang Yan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe retinal pigment epithelial (RPE)/choroid complex regulates myopia development, but the precise pathogenesis of myopia remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the changes in RPE/choroid complex metabolism in a form deprivation myopia model after dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) modulation. Guinea pigs were randomly divided into normal (NC), form deprivation myopia (FDM), and FDM treated with dopamine D2R antagonist groups. Differential metabolites were screened using SIMCA‐P software and MetaboAnalyst metabolomics analysis tool. Functions of differential metabolites were analyzed using KEGG enrichment pathways. Relative to the NC group, 38 differential metabolites were identified, comprising 29 increased metabolites (including nicotinic acid, cytosine, and glutamate) and 9 decreased metabolites, of which proline exhibited the largest decrease. Pathway analysis revealed regulation of arginine/proline and aspartate/glutamate metabolism. Intravitreal D2R antagonist injection increased proline concentrations and activated arginine/proline and purine metabolism pathways. In sum, D2R antagonists alleviated the myopia trend of refractive biological parameters in form deprivation myopic guinea pigs, suggesting the involvement of dopamine D2R signaling in myopia pathogenesis. The RPE/choroid may provide glutamate to the retina by activating proline metabolism via metabolic coupling with the retina. Dopamine D2R antagonism may modulate proline/arginine metabolic pathways in the RPE/choroid and regulate metabolism, information presentation, and myopia.
Quantification of freeze–thaw hysteresis of unfrozen water content and electrical resistivity from time lapse measurements in the active layer and permafrost
Authors: Tomaškovičová Soňa , Ingeman‐Nielsen Thomas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe quantified seasonal, in‐situ variation in ground electrical resistivity, unfrozen water content, and ground temperature using daily and sub‐daily measurements in active layer and in permafrost on a high‐latitude monitoring site in West Greenland. The in‐situ unfrozen water content in a clayey soil undergoing phase change was 10% higher during freezing than during thawing at the same ground temperature, thus shifting the freezing curve parameterization seasonally. The freeze–thaw unfrozen water content hysteresis was a measurable part of the energy balance of the active layer and corresponds to 12.1% of the total yearly enthalpy change for our field site. We also observed and quantified hysteresis in the relationships between ground electrical resistivity and unfrozen water content, where the inverted resistivities during freezing in the temperature range from 0°C to approximately −4°C were up to one order of magnitude higher than during thawing at the same unfrozen water content. As a result, the petro‐physical models that uniquely derive soil unfrozen water content from bulk soil electrical resistivity measured from ground surface do not fully capture the complexity of the in‐situ processes. The hysteresis should therefore be considered in quantitative interpretation of ground resistivity changes in terms of ground temperature and ice content changes.
Effectiveness of extracorporeal shockwave therapy in treatment of upper and lower limb tendinopathies: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Elgendy Mohamed H. , Khalil Shehab ElDin , ElMeligie Mohamed M. , Elazab Doaa Rafat 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundTendinopathy is caused by repetitive motion, excessive stress on the tendon, overstretch, and motion past the critical angle of rotation or translation. There are various treatment options available for tendinitis, including those affecting both the upper and lower limbs and those of calcific and non‐calcific types.Hypothesis/purposeFew reviews have analyzed the efficacy of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy (ESWT) in treating upper and lower limb tendinopathies while considering calcific and non‐calcific‐type tendinitis. This paper provides a review and meta‐analysis on Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), which compared results from a group undergoing ESWT treatment to another group under different treatments.Study designSystematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsA systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Control Trials (CENTRAL), and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) databases for articles published up to January 2022. The reference lists of identified articles were further scanned. Twenty‐two studies were included in the meta‐analysis.ResultsMeta‐analysis showed no difference in pain reduction in ESWT when compared with a comparison group at 4 (p = 0.26) and 12 weeks (p = 0.33). There were no differences in DASH scores at 12 months between the two groups (p = 0.32).ConclusionExtracorporeal Shockwave Therapy (ESWT) is effective when used to treat lower limb and calcific tendinitis. It does not yield any better results than other treatment options in managing upper limb tendinopathies and non‐calcific tendinopathies.
Protein target highlights in CASP15: Analysis of models by structure providers
Authors: Alexander Leila T. , Durairaj Janani , Kryshtafovych Andriy , Abriata Luciano A. , Bayo Yusupha , Bhabha Gira , Breyton Cécile , Caulton Simon G. , Chen James , Degroux Séraphine , Ekiert Damian C. , Erlandsen Benedikte S. , Freddolino Lydia , Gilzer Dominic , Greening Chris , Grimes Jonathan M. , Grinter Rhys , Gurusaran Manickam , Hartmann Marcus D. , Hitchman Charlie J. , Keown Jeremy R. , Kropp Ashleigh , Kursula Petri , Lovering Andrew L. , Lemaitre Bruno , Lia Andrea , Liu Shiheng , Logotheti Maria , Lu Shuze , Markússon Sigurbjörn , Miller Mitchell D. , Minasov George , Niemann Hartmut H. , Opazo Felipe , Phillips George N. , Davies Owen R. , Rommelaere Samuel , Rosas‐Lemus Monica , Roversi Pietro , Satchell Karla , Smith Nathan , Wilson Mark A. , Wu Kuan‐Lin , Xia Xian , Xiao Han , Zhang Wenhua , Zhou Z. Hong , Fidelis Krzysztof , Topf Maya , Moult John , Schwede Torsten 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe present an in‐depth analysis of selected CASP15 targets, focusing on their biological and functional significance. The authors of the structures identify and discuss key protein features and evaluate how effectively these aspects were captured in the submitted predictions. While the overall ability to predict three‐dimensional protein structures continues to impress, reproducing uncommon features not previously observed in experimental structures is still a challenge. Furthermore, instances with conformational flexibility and large multimeric complexes highlight the need for novel scoring strategies to better emphasize biologically relevant structural regions. Looking ahead, closer integration of computational and experimental techniques will play a key role in determining the next challenges to be unraveled in the field of structural molecular biology.
Challenges and opportunities of unmanned aerial vehicles as a new tool for crop pest control
Authors: Zhang Ruirui , Hewitt Andrew J , Chen Liping , Li Longlong , Tang Qing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe application of pesticides is not simply delivering chemicals to the target area. It also involves considering the negative aspects and developing strategies to deal with them during the application process, to ensure the maximization of pesticides use efficiency and the maintenance of the ecosystem. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) sprayers demonstrate unique advantages compared to traditional ground sprayers, particularly in terms of maneuverability and labor intensity reduction, showed great potential for chemical application in pest control. It is undeniable that there exist challenges in the practice of UAV spraying, such as higher potential risks of pesticide drift or pathogen transmission, uncertainty canopy deposition for different crops, and unexpected leaf breakage induced by downwash flow. Maximizing the utilization of downwash flow while avoiding lateral air movement outside the intended target crop area is a major issue for chemical application with UAV sprayers, particularly in light of the increasingly apparent consensus on the need for enhanced environmental protection during the chemical application process. It must be considered that the operation strategy in different scenarios and for different crop targets is not the same, unique requirements should be given on nozzle atomization, flight parameters, adjuvants and aircraft types in specific working situations. In future, the implementation of spray drift prediction, technical procedures development, and other solutions aimed at reducing pesticide drift and improving deposition quality, is expected to promote the adoption of UAV sprayers by more farmers. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Islam and contraception: A missed opportunity
Authors: Oraby Doaa 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRapid population growth is observed in many Muslim countries which presents an obstacle to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Islam has considered the question of contraception with objectivity being a religion that underscores the importance of planning in all individual and societal affairs. There is no verse in the Quran which forbids the husband or wife to space pregnancies or reduce their number and the companions of the Prophet were allowed to practice coitus interruptus. Contraception opponents, on the other hand, claimed that any form of contraception violates God's intentions and that Islam called for a Muslim population that does not stop growing. Lack of knowledge of the position of Islam towards contraception and the religious misinterpretations that were propagated among grassroots resulted in the gap between Muslims and their doctrine regarding contraception. Raising awareness of how Islam perceived contraception and addressing questions of religious acceptability at the grassroots is one of the key factors in promoting the uptake of contraception programs in Muslim countries which will eventually scale up development efforts.