bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occupational risks for infection with influenza A and B: a national case–control study covering 1 July 2006–31 December 2019
Authors: Torén Kjell , Albin Maria , Bergström Tomas , Alderling Magnus , Schioler Linus , Åberg Maria 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesWe investigated whether crowded workplaces, sharing surfaces and exposure to infections were factors associated with a positive test for influenza virus.MethodsWe studied 11 300 cases with a positive test for influenza A and 3671 cases of influenza B from Swedish registry of communicable diseases. Six controls for each case were selected from the population registry, with each control being assigned the index date of their corresponding case. We linked job histories to job-exposure matrices (JEMs), to assess different transmission dimensions of influenza and risks for different occupations compared with occupations that the JEM classifies as low exposed. We used adjusted conditional logistic analyses to estimate the ORs for influenza with 95% CI.ResultsThe highest odds were for influenza were: regular contact with infected patients (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.54 to 1.73); never maintained social distance (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.43 to 1.59); frequently sharing materials/surfaces with the general public (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.34 to 1.48); close physical proximity (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.45 to 1.62) and high exposure to diseases or infections (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.44 to 1.64). There were small differences between influenza A and influenza B. The five occupations with the highest odds as compared with low exposed occupations were: primary care physicians, protective service workers, elementary workers, medical and laboratory technicians, and taxi drivers.ConclusionsContact with infected patients, low social distance and sharing surfaces are dimensions that increase risk for influenza A and B. Further safety measures are needed to diminish viral transmission in these contexts.
Evaluation of the regional distribution of the pediatric surgery workforce and surgical load in Brazil
Authors: Bustorff-Silva Joaquim , Miranda Marcio Lopes , Rosendo Amanda , Gerk Ayla , Oliveira-Filho Antonio Gonçalves 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to examine the regional distribution of the pediatric surgery workforce and the expected local demand for pediatric surgical procedures in Brazil.MethodsWe collected data on the pediatric surgical workforce, surgical volume, Gross Domestic Product per capita, and mortality for gastrointestinal tract malformations (MGITM) across the different regions of Brazil for 2019.ResultsData from the Federal Medical Council reported 1515 pediatric surgery registries in Brazil, corresponding to 1414 pediatric surgeons (some pediatric surgeons are registered in more than one state), or 2.4 pediatric surgeons per 100 000 children 14 years of age and younger. There were 828 men and 586 women. The mean age was 51.5±12.8 years, and the mean time from graduation was 3.4±5.7 years. There is a higher concentration of pediatric surgeons in the wealthier Central-West, South, and Southeast regions. Individual surgical volume ranged from 88 to 245 operations/year (average 146 operations/year) depending on the region. Of these, only nine (6.1%) were high-complexity (including neonatal) operations. MGITM tended to be higher in the poorer North and Northeast regions than in other regions of Brazil.ConclusionsOur findings suggest significant disparities in the surgical workforce and workload across Brazil related to socioeconomic status. Regions with an increased surgical workforce were associated with lower MGITM. The average number of complex operations performed annually by each pediatric surgeon was considerably low. Strategic investment and well-defined health policies are imperative to enhance the quality of surgical care in the different regions of Brazil.Level of evidenceRetrospective review; level IV.
Galactic rotation dynamics in a new $$f({\mathcal {R}})$$ gravity model
Authors: Parbin Nashiba , Goswami Umananda Dev 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe propose to test the viability of the recently introduced $$f(\mathcal {R})$$

f
(
R
)

gravity model in the galactic scales. For this purpose we consider test particles moving in stable circular orbits around the galactic center. We study the Palatini approach of $$f(\mathcal {R})$$

f
(
R
)

gravity via Weyl transformation, which is the frame transformation from the Jordan frame to the Einstein frame. We derive the expression of rotational velocities of test particles in the new $$f(\mathcal {R})$$

f
(
R
)

gravity model. For the observational data of samples of high surface brightness and low surface brightness galaxies, we show that the predicted rotation curves are well fitted with observations, thus implying that this model can explain flat rotation curves of galaxies. We also study an ultra diffuse galaxy, AGC 242019 which has been claimed in literature to be a dark matter dominated galaxy similar to low surface brightness galaxies with a slowly rising rotation curve. The rotation curve of this galaxy also fits well with the model prediction in our study. Furthermore, we studied the Tully–Fisher relation for the entire sample of galaxies and found that the model prediction shows the consistency with the data.
Study on the weak decay between two heavy baryons $${\mathcal {B}}_i(\frac{1}{2}^+)\rightarrow {\mathcal {B}}_f(\frac{3}{2}^+)$$ in the light-front quark model
Authors: Lu Fang , Ke Hong-Wei , Liu Xiao-Hai , Shi Yan-Liang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this work, we study the weak decay between two heavy baryons $${\mathcal {B}}_i(\frac{1}{2}^+)\rightarrow {\mathcal {B}}_f(\frac{3}{2}^+)$$

B
i

(

1
2

+

)

→

B
f

(

3
2

+

)

in the light-front quark model where three-quark picture is employed for baryon. We derive general form of transition amplitude of $$ {\mathcal {B}}_i(\frac{1}{2}^+)\rightarrow {\mathcal {B}}_f(\frac{3}{2}^+)$$

B
i

(

1
2

+

)

→

B
f

(

3
2

+

)

, and analyze two specific cases of transitions: the weak decays of single heavy baryon $$\Sigma _{b} \rightarrow \Sigma _{c}^*$$

Σ
b

→

Σ

c

∗

and the decays of double-charmed baryon $$\Xi _{cc}\rightarrow \Sigma _{c}^*(\Xi _{c}^*)$$

Ξ

cc

→

Σ

c

∗

(

Ξ

c

∗

)

. We compute the hadronic form factors for the transitions and apply them to study the decay widths of the semi-leptonic $${\mathcal {B}}_i(\frac{1}{2}^+)\rightarrow {\mathcal {B}}_f(\frac{3}{2}^+) l\bar{\nu }_l$$

B
i

(

1
2

+

)

→

B
f

(

3
2

+

)

l

ν

¯

l

and non-leptonic $${\mathcal {B}}_i(\frac{1}{2}^+)\rightarrow {\mathcal {B}}_f(\frac{3}{2}^+)M$$

B
i

(

1
2

+

)

→

B
f

(

3
2

+

)

M

. Previously we studied the transition $$\Sigma _{b} \rightarrow \Sigma _{c}^*$$

Σ
b

→

Σ

c

∗

with the quark–diquark picture of baryon in the light-front quark model. Here we revisit this transition with three-quark picture of baryon. At the quark level, the transition $$\Sigma _{b} \rightarrow \Sigma _{c}^*$$

Σ
b

→

Σ

c

∗

is induced by the $$b\rightarrow c$$

b
→
c

transition.The subsystem of the two unchanged light quarks which possesses definite and same spin in initial and final state can be viewed as a spectator, so the spectator approximation can be applied directly. For the weak decay of doubly charmed baryon $$\Xi _{cc}$$

Ξ

cc

, a c quark decays to a light quark $$q_1$$

q
1

, so both the initial state cc and final state $$q_1q_2$$

q
1

q
2

($$q_1$$

q
1

and the original $$q_2$$

q
2

in initial state may be the same flavor quarks) which possess definite spin are no longer spectators. A rearrangement of quarks for initial and final states is adopted to isolate the unchanged subsystem $$cq_2$$

c

q
2

which can be viewed as the spectator approximately. Future measurements on these channels will constrain the nonperturbative parameter in the wavefunctions and test the model predictions.
The scalar exotic resonances $$X(3915), X(3960), X_0(4140)$$
Authors: Badalian A. M. , Simonov Yu. A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe scalar resonances $$X(3915), X(3960), X_0(4140)$$

X

(
3915
)

,
X

(
3960
)

,

X
0

(
4140
)

are considered as exotic four-quark states: $$cq\bar{c} \bar{q}, cs\bar{c} \bar{s}, cs\bar{c}\bar{s}$$

c
q

c

¯

q

¯

,
c
s

c

¯

s

¯

,
c
s

c

¯

s

¯

, while the X(3863) is proved to be the $$c\bar{c}, 2\,^3P_0$$

c

c

¯

,
2

3

P
0

state. The masses and the widths of these resonances are calculated in the framework of the Extended Recoupling Model, where a four-quark system is formed inside the bag and has relatively small size ($$\lesssim 1.0$$

≲
1.0

fm). Then the resonance X(3915) appears due to the transitions: $$J/\psi \omega $$

J
/
ψ
ω

into $$D^{*+}D^{*-}$$

D

∗
+

D

∗
-

(or $$D^{*0}\bar{D}^{*0})$$

D

∗
0

D

¯

∗
0

)

and back, while the X(3960) is created due to the transitions $$D_s^+D_s^-$$

D
s
+

D
s
-

into $$J/\psi \phi $$

J
/
ψ
ϕ

and back, and the $$X_0(4140)$$

X
0

(
4140
)

is formed in the transitions $$J/\psi \phi $$

J
/
ψ
ϕ

into $$D_s^{*+}D_s^{*-}$$

D
s

∗
+

D
s

∗
-

and back. The characteristic feature of the recoupling mechanism is that this type of resonances can be predominantly in the S-wave decay channels and has $$J^P=0^+$$

J
P

=

0
+

. In two-channel case the resonance occurs to be just near the lower threshold, while due to coupling to third channel (like the $$c\bar{c}$$

c

c

¯

channel) it is shifted up and lies by (20–30) MeV above the lower threshold. The following masses and widths are calculated: $$M(X(3915))=3920$$

M
(
X
(
3915
)
)
=
3920

MeV, $$\Gamma (X(3915))=20$$

Γ
(
X
(
3915
)
)
=
20

MeV; $$M(X(3960))=3970$$

M
(
X
(
3960
)
)
=
3970

MeV, $$\Gamma (X(3960)=45(5)$$

Γ
(
X
(
3960
)
=
45
(
5
)

MeV, $$M(X_0(4140))= 4120(20)$$

M
(

X
0

(
4140
)

)
=
4120

(
20
)

MeV, $$\Gamma (X_0(4140))=100$$

Γ
(

X
0

(
4140
)

)
=
100

MeV, which are in good agreement with experiment.
Effect of Apple Pomace Powder Addition on the Physicochemical Properties of Oily Cakes and Ranking Samples by Delphi Fuzzy Approach
Authors: Sabet Ghadam Maryam , Saeedi Asl Mohammad Reza , Sharifi Akram , Pedram Nia Ahmad , Armin Mohammad 
Published: May 2023

The current study is aimed to compare the effect of fat and/or wheat-flour substitution with apple pomace on the physicochemical and shelf-life of oily cakes. The sensory quality of samples was evaluated using the Delphi-Fuzzy logic method. The oily-cakes include the following: TCO: control;

T

W
10
%

and

T

W
20
%

: flour substitution with apple pomace (10 and 20% w/w); TO10% and TO20%: fat substitution with apple pomace (10 and 20% w/w);

T

W
&
O

5
:
5

and

T

W
&
O

10
:
10

: fat and wheat-flour substitution with apple pomace (5 : 5 and 10 : 10% w/w). The lowest and highest protein content were recorded for

T

w
20
%

(10.0 ± 0.12%) and TO20% (11.0 ± 0.45%) (

p
<
0.05

). There was no significant difference between the fat content of control samples with

T

W
10
%

,

T

W
20
%

, and

T

O
&
W

5
:
5

(

p
>
0.05

).

T

W
20
%

exhibited the highest fiber content (2.12%) and the lowest caloric (385.0 kcal/100 g) values. There was a significant difference between baking loss of TO10% (9.87%) and TO20% (9.36%) samples with control one (11.6%) (

p
<
0.05

). By reducing the fat content, smaller and lower porous was observed. The antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of apple pomace was not significant. Therefore, apple pomace had no significant effect on the shelf-life of cakes. Based on defuzzification values, the sensory ranking of samples was as follows:

T

C
O

64.4

>

T

W
20
%

63.9

>

T

W
&
O

5
:
5

63.7

>

T

W
10
%

63.6

>

T

O
10
%

60.2

>

T

W
&
O

10
:
10

60.1

>

T

O
20
%

58.8

. Overall, apple pomace could be considered a cost-effective, sustainable, and healthy alternative to partial wheat-flour. Further research is required to produce reduced-fat cakes. Adding fruit powder along with fat replacers can be suggested for future studies.
An Attempt to Stretch the Benefit: Rechallenge with PARP Inhibitors in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Gonzalez-Ochoa Eduardo , Oza Amit M. 
Published: May 2023

Summary
PARP inhibitors exploit synthetic lethality in homologous recombination–deficient (HDR) cells and are standard-of-care treatment in newly diagnosed and relapsed epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). A recent article demonstrated that a second course of olaparib can be safely administered to women with BRCA-mutated EOC.
See related article by Morgan et al., p. 2602
Enhanced Detection of Landmark Minimal Residual Disease in Lung Cancer Using Cell-free DNA Fragmentomics
Authors: Wang Siwei , Xia Zhijun , You Jing , Gu Xiaolan , Meng Fanchen , Chen Peng , Tang Wanxiangfu , Bao Hua , Zhang Jingyuan , Wu Xue , Shao Yang , Wang Jie , Zuo Xianglin , Xu Lin , Yin Rong 
Published: May 2023

Currently, approximately 30%–55% of the patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) develop recurrence due to minimal residual disease (MRD) after receiving surgical resection of the tumor. This study aims to develop an ultrasensitive and affordable fragmentomic assay for MRD detection in patients with NSCLC. A total of 87 patients with NSCLC, who received curative surgical resections (23 patients relapsed during follow-up), enrolled in this study. A total of 163 plasma samples, collected at 7 days and 6 months postsurgical, were used for both whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and targeted sequencing. WGS-based cell-free DNA (cfDNA) fragment profile was used to fit regularized Cox regression models, and leave-one-out cross-validation was further used to evaluate models’ performance. The models showed excellent performances in detecting patients with a high risk of recurrence. At 7 days postsurgical, the high-risk patients detected by our model showed an increased risk of 4.6 times, while the risk increased to 8.3 times at 6 months postsurgical. These fragmentomics determined higher risk compared with the targeted sequencing–based circulating mutations both at 7 days and 6 months postsurgical. The overall sensitivity for detecting patients with recurrence reached 78.3% while using both fragmentomics and mutation results from 7 days and 6 months postsurgical, which increased from the 43.5% sensitivity by using only the circulating mutations. The fragmentomics showed great sensitivity in predicting patient recurrence compared with the traditional circulating mutation, especially after the surgery for early-stage NSCLC, therefore exhibiting great potential to guide adjuvant therapeutics.

Significance:
The circulating tumor DNA mutation-based approach shows limited performance in MRD detection, especially for landmark MRD detection at an early-stage cancer after surgery. Here, we describe a cfDNA fragmentomics–based method in MRD detection of resectable NSCLC using WGS, and the cfDNA fragmentomics showed a great sensitivity in predicting prognosis.
Nuclear Export Inhibitor Selinexor Enhances Oncolytic Myxoma Virus Therapy against Cancer
Authors: Rahman Masmudur M. , van Oosterom Fleur , Enow Junior A. , Hossain Maksuda , Gutierrez-Jensen Ami D. , Cashen Mackenzie , Everts Anne , Lowe Kenneth , Kilbourne Jacquelyn , Daggett-Vondras Juliane , Karr Timothy L. , McFadden Grant 
Published: May 2023

Oncolytic viruses exploited for cancer therapy have been developed to selectively infect, replicate, and kill cancer cells to inhibit tumor growth. However, in some cancer cells, oncolytic viruses are often limited in completing their full replication cycle, forming progeny virions, and/or spreading in the tumor bed because of the heterogeneous cell types within the tumor bed. Here, we report that the nuclear export pathway regulates oncolytic myxoma virus (MYXV) infection and cytoplasmic viral replication in a subclass of human cancer cell types where viral replication is restricted. Inhibition of the XPO-1 (exportin 1) nuclear export pathway with nuclear export inhibitors can overcome this restriction by trapping restriction factors in the nucleus and allow significantly enhanced viral replication and killing of cancer cells. Furthermore, knockdown of XPO-1 significantly enhanced MYXV replication in restrictive human cancer cells and reduced the formation of antiviral granules associated with RNA helicase DHX9. Both in vitro and in vivo, we demonstrated that the approved XPO1 inhibitor drug selinexor enhances the replication of MYXV and kills diverse human cancer cells. In a xenograft tumor model in NSG mice, combination therapy with selinexor plus MYXV significantly reduced the tumor burden and enhanced the survival of animals. In addition, we performed global-scale proteomic analysis of nuclear and cytosolic proteins in human cancer cells to identify the host and viral proteins that were upregulated or downregulated by different treatments. These results indicate, for the first time, that selinexor in combination with oncolytic MYXV can be used as a potential new therapy.

Significance:
We demonstrated that a combination of nuclear export inhibitor selinexor and oncolytic MYXV significantly enhanced viral replication, reduced cancer cell proliferation, reduced tumor burden, and enhanced the overall survival of animals. Thus, selinexor and oncolytic MYXV can be used as potential new anticancer therapy.
Echocardiographic Features Beyond Ejection Fraction and Associated Outcomes in Patients With Heart Failure With Mildly Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Peters Anthony E. , Clare Robert M. , Chiswell Karen , Felker G. Michael , Kelsey Anita , Mentz Robert , DeVore Adam D. 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Heart failure (HF) guidelines recommend assessment of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) to classify patients and guide therapy implementation. However, LVEF alone may be insufficient to adequately characterize patients with HF, especially those with mildly reduced or preserved LVEF. Recommendations on additional testing are lacking, and there are limited data on use of echocardiographic features beyond LVEF in patients with heart failure with mildly reduced or preserved LVEF.

Methods:

In patients with HF with mildly reduced or preserved LVEF identified in a large US health care system, the association of the following metrics with mortality was evaluated: LV global longitudinal strain (LV GLS>–16), left atrial volume index (>28 mL/m
2
), left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), and E/e´>13 and e´<9. A multivariable model for mortality was constructed including age, sex, and key comorbidities followed by stepwise selection of echocardiographic features. Characteristics and outcomes of subgroups with normal versus abnormal LV GLS and LVEF were evaluated.

Results:

Among 2337 patients with complete echocardiographic data assessed between 2017 and 2020, the following features were associated with all-cause mortality on univariate analysis over 3 years of follow-up: E/e´+e´, LV GLS, left atrial volume index (all
P
<0.01). In the multivariable model (
C
-index=0.65), only abnormal LV GLS was independently associated with all-cause mortality (HR, 1.35 [95% CI, 1.11–1.63];
P
=0.002). Among patients with LVEF>55%, 498/1255 (40%) demonstrated abnormal LV GLS. Regardless of specific LVEF, patients with abnormal LV GLS demonstrated a higher burden of multiple comorbidities and higher event rates compared with patients with normal LV GLS.

Conclusions:
In a large, real-world HF with mildly reduced or preserved LVEF population, echocardiographic features, led by LV GLS, were associated with adverse outcomes irrespective of LVEF. A large proportion of patients demonstrate adverse myocardial function by LV GLS despite preserved LVEF and may represent a key cohort of interest for HF medical therapies and future clinical studies.
Evidence for a Spoken Word Lexicon in the Auditory Ventral Stream
Authors: Damera Srikanth R. , Chang Lillian , Nikolov Plamen P. , Mattei James A. , Banerjee Suneel , Glezer Laurie S. , Cox Patrick H. , Jiang Xiong , Rauschecker Josef P. , Riesenhuber Maximilian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The existence of a neural representation for whole words (i.e., a lexicon) is a common feature of many models of speech processing. Prior studies have provided evidence for a visual lexicon containing representations of whole written words in an area of the ventral visual stream known as the visual word form area. Similar experimental support for an auditory lexicon containing representations of spoken words has yet to be shown. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging rapid adaptation techniques, we provide evidence for an auditory lexicon in the auditory word form area in the human left anterior superior temporal gyrus that contains representations highly selective for individual spoken words. Furthermore, we show that familiarization with novel auditory words sharpens the selectivity of their representations in the auditory word form area. These findings reveal strong parallels in how the brain represents written and spoken words, showing convergent processing strategies across modalities in the visual and auditory ventral streams.
A ‘New India’ for the Arab World
Authors: Petiwala Ada 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This article investigates the formations of ‘Brand Modi’ and ‘Brand Bollywood’ and their strategic and overlapping foray into the United Arab Emirates, considering it a pivotal moment in contemporary transregional media production. Two branding campaigns form the basis of my analysis: Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s highly mediatized 2015–2018 U.A.E. visits and Shah Rukh Khan’s 2016–2019 ‘#BeMyGuest’ campaign for Visit Dubai (the Emirate’s official tourism brand). Attending to questions of branding techniques, diasporic identity and historical imagination, I examine how these campaigns play on notions of the common man or aam aadmi and the upwardly-mobile and cosmopolitan ‘New Indian’ through the celebrity personas of Modi and Khan. I argue that this creation of a ‘New India’ for the Arab world seeks to efface down class connotations of India and Indians in Arab imaginaries by re-framing India as a key diplomatic and cultural-infrastructural partner of the Emirates.