bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pattern of fabricated gunshot wounds- A hospital based cross-sectional study
Authors: Khan Mohd Kaleem , Alli Kashif 
Published: July 2023

A fabricated firearm injury refers to a self-inflicted superficial injury and if someone has fabricated a gunshot injury, it is important to assess the presentation and the intent behind it. This prospective hospital based study was carried out on all patients who presented to Trauma center of Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh with alleged fabricated gunshot injuries over a span of 4 years i.e., from October 2018 to September 2022. In this study, we found that most of the patients were from age groups 19-30 years (30.2%). Males outnumbered the females. 42 cases (79.2%) were reported from rural background while majority of the cases i.e. 17 cases (32.1%) were unemployed.The collaborative efforts of all the investigating agencies and medical professionals can help to prevent the fabrication of injuries, which will not only decrease needless court cases but also eliminate unwanted harassment of innocent people.
Evaluation of Pathogenesis and Immune Response to Coccidi-oides posadasii Infection in U.S. Feral Swine (Sus scrofa)
Authors: Maison Rachel M. , Kessinger Peter , Priore Maggie R. , Han Sushan , Powell Daniel A , Moale Hilary , Brown Vienna R. , Bodenchuk Michael J. , Bowen Richard A. , Bosco-Lauth Angela M. 
Published: July 2023

The dimorphic, soil-dwelling fungus Coccidioides is the causative agent of coccidioidomycosis and is a reemerging pathogen of human health concern. Despite increasing incidence and isolations of the organism outside of its theoretical environmental range, much of Coccidioides epidemiology, including complete host range, remains unknown. Feral swine (Sus scrofa) are an invasive species distributed throughout the United States that may play a role in fungal ecology due to their behavioral associations with soil. To address this, we evaluated seven feral swine for susceptibility to Coccidioides. After intranasal inoculation with 106.2 arthroconidia of C. posadasii, no pigs displayed signs of clinical disease, nor did any exhibit antibodies by AGID testing. Histopathologic evaluation did not reveal the presence granulomatous lesions, and fungal spherules or endospores were not observed in any of the tissue sections examined, although individuals had significant comorbidities, most notably Metastrongylus nematodes in the lungs. Despite the absence of lesions and organisms histologically, C. posadasii was isolated by culture from the lung and mediastinal lymph node of two pigs, indicating active infection. These results suggest that feral swine are mildly susceptible to acute Coccidioides infection and may aid in fungal dispersal due to the presence of spherules in tissues post-mortem.
Pediatric Orthopaedic Observerships in North America for International Surgeons
Authors: Carrillo Laura A. , Katyal Toshali , Panchal Niel N. , Sabharwal Sanjeev 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Given the growing interest among international surgeons to participate in North American clinical observerships, it is essential to incorporate international surgeons’ views to further enhance the program’s applicability, value, and accessibility. In this qualitative follow-up study, we explored the motivations, relevance, and opinions about alternate learning platforms among the international surgeons who had participated in a pediatric orthopaedic clinical observership in North America.

Methods:
Using a semistructured interview guide, international surgeons who had participated in a North American pediatric orthopaedic observership during 2009 to 2019 were interviewed until data saturation and inductive thematic saturation were reached. Twenty-one international surgeons representing 15 different countries (1 from a low-income country, 10 from a lower middle-income country, 8 from an upper middle-income country, and 2 from a high-income country) were interviewed.

Results:
The most commonly cited motivations for doing a clinical observership were to advance clinical training and learn specific skills. The clinical and nonclinical skills gained during the observership, such as utilizing an integrated team approach and open communication style, were helpful to most interviewees; however, several respondents highlighted the critical need to adapt and modify surgical indications, techniques, and skills to suit their local environment and limited resource availability. Although respondents were interested in exploring virtual learning models to save time and expense, several preferred a hybrid model, including access to remote learning opportunities and sharing their own clinical experiences with the North American hosts.

Conclusions:
Identifying the visiting surgeon’s motivation for participation can allow North American hosts to align their clinical exposure more closely with the unique needs and aspirations of the international surgeons and enable a more relevant exchange of clinical and nonclinical skills. Use of a blended learning model, including in-person and virtual learning platforms, and the missed opportunity of having the international surgeons share their clinical experiences and skills with their North American counterparts should be explored further.
Changing fire regimes in East and Southern Africa’s savanna-protected areas: opportunities and challenges for indigenous-led savanna burning emissions abatement schemes
Authors: Croker Abigail Rose , Woods Jeremy , Kountouris Yiannis 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Late dry-season wildfires in Sub-Saharan Africa’s savanna-protected areas are intensifying, increasing carbon emissions, and threatening ecosystem functioning. Addressing these challenges requires active local community engagement and support for wildfire policy. Savanna burning emissions abatement schemes first implemented in Northern Australia have been proposed as a community-based fire management strategy for East and Southern Africa’s protected areas to deliver win-win-win climate, social, and biodiversity benefits. Here we review and critically examine the literature exploring the design and application of savanna burning emissions abatement schemes in this region, characterising their contextual and implementation challenges.
We show that the application of Northern Australian savanna burning methodologies in East and Southern Africa tend to adopt centrally determined objectives and market-based approaches that prioritise carbon revenue generation at the national level. The exclusive prescription of early-dry season burns in African mesic savannas prone to woody thickening can compromise savanna burning objectives to mitigate late-dry season wildfires and their greenhouse gas emissions in the long-term, as well as present multiple biodiversity trade-offs in the absence of formal metrics monitoring species’ responses to changes in fire regime. These features restrict indigenous participation and leadership in fire management, creating uncertainties over the opportunities for local income generation through carbon trading. Findings suggest that future savanna burning applications will need to address asymmetries between formal institutions and local land governance systems, explicitly acknowledging colonial legacies in institutional arrangements across protected areas and hierarchies in agrarian politics that threaten processes of equitable decentralisation in natural resource management.
We argue that the effective transfer of the Northern Australian fire management model is limited by a lack of long-term ecological and emissions data, and political and institutional barriers, and hindered by the region’s recent colonial history, population growth, and consequences of rapid climatic change. To provide a community-based strategy, savanna burning schemes need to establish context specific legal frameworks and implement Free, Prior, and Informed Consent to safeguard the roles and responsibilities of indigenous and local people and their distribution of carbon benefits.
RNA-seq analysis of circular RNAs and ceRNA networks in human hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Liu Yicun , Dong Zhingxing , Chen Weijie , Cheng Tiaochun , Chen Lin , Ju Linling , Cai Weihua , Luo Xi , Bian Zhaolian 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective An increasing number of circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been identified as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) that play important roles in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to explore the mechanism of action of circRNAs and their ceRNA networks in HCC.Methods Second-generation sequencing technology was used to analyse the expression of circRNAs in HCC. The top ten upregulated circRNAs were selected and validated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‒PCR) in another 34 HCC patients. The downstream miRNAs and mRNAs of the circRNAs were explored through database analysis, and finally, the ceRNA networks axes based on these ten circRNAs were constructed.Results By sequencing, we identified 9658 differentially expressed circRNAs, of which 3862 were significantly upregulated. RT-qPCR was performed to validate the top ten upregulated circRNAs, five circRNAs (hsa_circ_0079875, hsa_circ0091580, hsa_circ0091581, hsa_circ0004788 and hsa_circ_0059730) were selected for further analysis. First, the downstream miRNAs and mRNAs of these five circRNAs were predicted to construct ceRNAs network diagrams. The upregulated mRNAs identified in the GEPIA database overlapped with the mRNAs in the ceRNA networks, and 14 overlapping genes were identified. Further analysis revealed four mRNAs (ADSL, AP3B1, MAPRE1, and TRNP1) and five circRNA–miRNA–mRNA axes that were negatively correlated with HCC prognosis.Conclusions Numerous differentially expressed circRNAs exist in HCC, and it can regulate the biological behaviour of HCC through ceRNA networks. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the ceRNA regulatory axes in HCC have high diagnostic and prognostic value and deserve further exploration.
String Stability of Disturbed Switched Vehicle Platoon Systems via Robust Event-Triggered Mechanism
Authors: Chen Jiansong , Xu Liwei , Wang Yan , Jin Xianjian , YIN Guodong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a robust event-triggered control protocol based on the discrete event-triggered communication scheme (DECS) to resolve the vehicle platoon's communication topologies change, external disturbance, and information delay. The random variation of data transmission link among the platoon in real traffic is considered and molded by the Markov chain combined with the directed graph method. The influence of delays and air resistance on the vehicle platoon is studied under the system parameter of external interferences and equivalent information delays. To ensure the vehicle platoon's inner-vehicle stability, the variable-gain distributed controller is proposed based on the Markovian jumping system stability theory and control. Finally, the stochastic string stability is defined to achieve the attenuation of perturbations as they propagate through the platoon. Simulation studies about a vehicle platoon under four communication topologies random switching with two different control methods are provided to verify the theoretical result. Compared to traditional platoon robust control, it is shown that the proposed control method can achieve the vehicle platoon's stability with a lower computing burden.
GSM-pipeline: GENE-SWitCH pipeline for comprehensive bisulfite sequencing analysis
Authors: de Vos Jani , Derks Martijn F.L. , Kurylo Cyril , Groenen Martien A.M. , Madsen Ole 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background DNA methylation is a process by which methyl groups are added to the DNA molecule. Methylation of promoters influence gene expression, as the addition of a methyl group can prevent the binding of certain transcription factors and repress the transcription of the associated gene. Bioinformatics pipelines are a series of computational steps or workflows designed to analyse biological data such as sequencing data. Typically several steps, such as data preprocessing, quality control, alignment, and downstream analysis are involved. These pipelines can be tailored to a specific research question and can be customized with various software and tools. GENE-SWitCH is an EU H2020 project with the aim of providing the functional genome annotation in pig and chicken, with many different assays specifically DNA methylation.
Results We present a pipeline for processing bisulfite sequencing data, which uses nf-core methylseq as a foundation. This extension pipeline includes useful steps such as analysing a bam file, methylation calling, methylation visualisation on a genome-wide level, and methylation statistics.
Conclusion: Our pipeline is useful for the analysis of bisulfite sequencing data, ensuring reproducible results, and stable tool versions. It is easy to use and implement for any given data set and we executed it for analysis of > 80 RRBS and WGBS data sets.
Competency/Outcome based Effective Clinical Supervision (COBECS) Model of Clinical Supervision in Postgraduate Medical Education: Working Model
Authors: Zehra Tabassum , Zuberi Rukhsana Wamiq , Ali Liaquat , Violato Claudio 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Implementation of Competency based medical education (CBME) requires an organized and structured set of interrelated competencies known as a competency framework. Integration of competencies across residency educational programmes and meaningful competency-based clinical supervision is found to be lacking. Study conducted at Aga Khan University tested a five-dimensional model which can be used for competency based clinical supervision in health professionals at postgraduate medical education level. It investigated various factors, including faculty development through clinical supervisor self-assessment of competencies and resident evaluation to propose a Competency/Outcome-based Model of Clinical Supervision along with its working model.
The Feasibility of Half-Dose Contrast-Enhanced Scanning of Brain Tumours at 5.0 T: a preliminary study
Authors: Jiang Zhiyong , Sun Wenbo , Xu Dan , Mei Hao , Yuan Jianmin , Song Xiaopeng , Ma Chao , Xu Haibo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose This study investigated the Gd-based enhanced effects on brain tumours with half-dose at 5.0 T and with full-dose at 3.0 T. Both quantitative and subjective evaluation parameters suggested that half-dose enhanced scanning at 5.0 T MRI might be feasible to meet the clinical diagnostic requirements. Methods Twelve subjects diagnosed with brain tumours were included in this study, and scanned after contrast agent injection at 3.0 T (full-dose) and 5.0 T (half-dose) with a 3D T1-weighted gradient echo sequence, respectively. The post-contrast images were compared between 5.0 T and 3.0 T, in terms of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and subjective image quality score with a ten-point Likert scale. Comparing quantitative indices and subjective picture quality ratings with a paired Student's t-test and assessing inter-reader agreement with the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). Results A total of 16 enhanced tumours lesions were detected. The SNR was significantly higher at 5.0 T than 3.0 T in gray matter, white matter and enhanced lesions (p < 0.001). The CNR was also significantly higher at 5.0 T than 3.0 T MRI in gray matter-tumor lesion, white matter-tumor lesion, and gray matter-white matter (p < 0.001). Subjective evaluation showed that the internal structure and outline of the tumor lesions were more clearly displayed with half-does at 5.0 T, and the enhanced effects of the lesions was comparable to that with full-dose at 3.0 T. All subjective scores were good to excellent at both 5.0 T and 3.0 T. Conclusion 5.0 T half-dose intravenous contrast agents enhanced scanning might be feasible to meet the clinical diagnostic requirements of brain tumours.
Novel Approach for In-Situ Resource Utilization based Subtractive Manufacturing in Space
Authors: Seidel André , Teicher Uwe , Ihlenfeldt Steffen , Sauer Konstantin , Morczinek Florian , Dix Martin , Niebergall Rick , Durschang Bernhard , Linke Stefan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In recent years, space agencies like NASA and ESA have expanded their research activities in the field of Manufacturing in Space. These measures serve to reduce limitations and costs through fairing size, launch mass capabilities or logistic missions. The objective, in turn, is to develop technologies and processes that enable on-demand manufacturing for long-term space missions and on other celestial bodies. Within these research activities, in-situ resources utilization (ISRU) and recycling are major topics. Consequently, this paper considers what is required on-demand in future space missions and provides a corresponding overview of the in-space manufacturing state of the art. The latter is significantly influenced by research activities in the field of additive manufacturing, with only a few results available in the field of subtractive processing. In conclusion, a novel approach for in-situ resource utilization based subtractive manufacturing in space is presented to supplement the existing processes. The approach presented is based on a water abrasive jet process, with regolith simulate being used as the abrasive to separate metal and glass.
Heterojunction Assembled CoO/Ni(OH)2/Cu(OH)2 for Effective Photocatalytic Degradation and Hybrid Supercapacitor Applications
Authors: Mohapatra Subhashree , Das Himadri Tanaya , Tripathy Bankim Chandra , Das Nigamananda 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Mixed multimetallic-based nanocomposites have been considered a promising functional material giving a new dimension to environmental remediation and energy storage applications. On this concept, a hybrid ternary CoO/Ni(OH)2/Cu(OH)2 (CNC) composite showing sea-urchin-like morphology was synthesized via one-pot hydrothermal approach, and its photocatalytic and electrochemical performances were investigated. The photocatalytic performance was explored using Congo red (CR) as a dye pollutant under visible light illumination. The presence of mixed phases of ternary metal ions could minimize the recombination efficacy of photogenerated charge carriers on the basis of the heterojunction mechanism, resulting in 90 % degradation of CR dye (40 mg L-1). The effect of scavengers coupled with electrochemical experiments revealed O2-. radical as the predominating species responsible for the degradation of CR. From the electrochemical analysis of CNC, the well-distinguished redox peaks indicated the battery-type behaviour with a specific capacity of 405 C g-1. For practical applications, a hybrid supercapacitor (CNC(+)|KOH|AC(-)) was assembled furnishing an energy density of 42 W h kg-1 at a power density of 5160 W kg-1 at 5 A g-1 along with a high capacity retention and coulombic efficiency of 98.83 % over 5000 cycles.
Oncogenic activation revealed by FGFR2 genetic alterations in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas
Authors: Pu Xiaohong , Qi Liang , Yan Jia Wu , Ai Zihe , Wu Ping , Yang Fei , Fu Yao , Li Xing , Zhang Min , Sun Beicheng , Yue Shen , Chen Jun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Except for fusion, FGFR2 genetic alterations have received limited attention, leaving patients harboring activating FGFR2 gene mutations with inadequate access to targeted therapies.
Experimental Design:
We sought to explore FGFR2 genetic alterations in ICC and pan-cancers using fluorescence in situ hybridization and next-generation sequencing. We conducted an analysis of the clinical and pathological features of ICCs with different FGFR2 alterations, compared FGFR2 lesion spectrums through public databases and multicenter data, and performed cellular experiments to investigate the oncogenic abilities of different FGFR2 mutants.
Results
FGFR2 gene fusions were identified in 30 out of 474 ICC samples, while five FGFR2 genetic alterations aside from fusion were present in 290 ICCs. The tumors containing FGFR2 translocations exhibited unique features, which we designated as the “FGFR2 fusion subtypes of ICC”. Molecular analysis revealed that FGFR2 fusions were not mutually exclusive with other oncogenic driver genes/mutations, whereas FGFR2 in-frame deletions and site mutations often co-occurred with TP53 mutations. Multicenter and pan-cancer studies demonstrated that FGFR2 in-frame deletions were more prevalent in ICCs (0.62%) than in other cancers, and were not limited to the extracellular domain. We selected representative FGFR2 genetic alterations, including in-frame deletions, point mutations, and frameshift mutations, to analyze their oncogenic activity and responsiveness to targeted drugs. Cellular experiments revealed that different FGFR2 genetic alterations promoted ICC tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis but responded differently to FGFR-selective small molecule kinase inhibitors (SMKIs).
Conclusions
FGFR2 oncogenic alterations have different clinicopathological features and respond different to SMKIs.
Development of a nomogram to predict survival in advanced biliary tract cancer
Authors: Imaoka Hiroshi , Ikeda Masafumi , Nomura Shogo , Morizane Chigusa , Okusaka Takuji , Ozaka Masato , Shimizu Satoshi , Yamazaki Kentaro , Okano Naohiro , Sugimori Kazuya , Shirakawa Hirofumi , Mizuno Nobumasa , Satoi Sohei , Yamaguchi Hironori , Sugimoto Rie , Gotoh Kunihito , Sano Keji , Asagi Akinori , Nakamura Kazuyoshi , Ueno Makoto 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The prognosis of advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC) patients remains poor due to limited efficacy of chemotherapy and difficulties in management. Thus, prediction of survival is crucial for the clinical management of advanced BTC. The aim was to develop and validate a nomogram to predict 6-month and 12-month survival in advanced BTC patients treated with chemotherapy.
Methods
A multivariable Cox regression model was used to construct a nomogram in a training set (JCOG1113, a phase III trial comparing gemcitabine plus S-1 [GS] and gemcitabine plus cisplatin, n = 351). External validity of the nomogram was assessed using a test set (JCOG0805, a randomized, phase II trial comparing GS and S-1 alone, n = 100). Predictive performance was assessed in terms of discrimination and calibration.
Results
The constructed nomogram included lymph node metastasis, liver metastasis, carbohydrate antigen 19 − 9, carcinoembryonic antigen, albumin, and C-reactive protein. Uno’s concordance index was 0.661 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.629–0.696) in the training set and 0.640 (95%CI, 0.566–0.715) in the test set. The calibration plots for 6-month and 12-month survival showed good agreement in the two analysis sets.
Conclusions
The present nomogram can facilitate prediction of the prognosis of advanced BTC patients treated with chemotherapy and help clinicians’ prognosis-based decision-making.