bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linking hydrological connectivity to gully erosion in the lateritic badland of sub-tropical environment: An in-situ experimental study within the Grand Canyon of Bengal, Eastern India
Authors: Roy Paramita , Pal Subodh Chandra , Chakrabortty Rabin , Chowdhuri Indrajit , Saha Asish , I Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul , Islam Aznarul , Costache Romulus 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGeomorphological processes that occur on the surface structure of the region are included in badland geomorphology. Rapid soil erosion and the production of various geomorphic characteristics are related to badland development. The expansion of their main channels is inextricably tied to the formation of gullies. The “degree of badland formation” inside that catchment and the characteristics of the substrate may both be learned from an analysis of the longitudinal shape of these channels. In this work the mechanism and trend of erosion has been done with help of cross section analysis and prominent geomorphic process. The very high resolution DEM has been prepared in this perspective. Finding out how large-scale erosion occurs and how it contributes to the deterioration of the land is the main objective of the research. According to this viewpoint, the nature of erosion may be measured using the connectivity index and gullies. In this region, the early “rills and minor gullies emerge over the high duricrust escarpment”, where it is discovered that the ambient lateritic hardpan has a substantial impact on the gully channel character, with the majority of them having steeper portions in the middle of their course. Apart from this there is an increasing tendency of erosion from the previous period to present time.
Somatic Embryogenesis and Plantlet Regeneration in Red Sandalwood (Pterocarpus Santalinus)
Authors: Chakraborty Tanushree , Chaitanya K. Viswanatha , Akhtar Nasim 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Cotyledonary segments from the germinated immature zygotic embryos were used for somatic embryogenesis of red sandalwood (Pterocarpus santalinus). It was established on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 5% sucrose and amalgamation of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and α-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). All treatments were responsive for callus induction with the frequency range between 36–97%. The maximum embryogenic frequency (69.44%) was obtained when 0.1 mg/l BAP + 2 mg/l 2,4-D and 0.1 mg/l BAP + 4 mg/l 2,4-D combinations were used. When explants were treated individually with growth regulators, the maximum embryogenic frequency (58.33%) was produced by 4 mg/l 2,4-D. BAP was completely ineffective for somatic embryogenesis when used individually. The average number of globular-staged somatic embryos ranged between 1–5 (irrespective of the treatments). The maximum number of the cotyledonary-staged somatic embryos (2.85) were obtained with treatment 0.1 mg/l BAP and 2 mg/l 2,4-D. The maximum plantlets were developed (1.30) when the cotyledonary-staged embryos from 0.1 mg/l BAP and 2 mg/l 2,4-D were transferred to MS basal medium. The plantlets obtained were acclimatized and showed 100% survival in the greenhouse condition. The embryonic cells have been histologically distinguished from non-embryonic cells with dense cytoplasm and a long suspensor. The induction, maturation and germination of somatic embryos were challenging, suggesting the need for molecular approaches through proteomic expression for mass production and understanding the evolution, structure, and genetic organization of the plant species.
A retrospective analysis of the efficacy of oral dexamethasone in combination with docetaxel plus ramucirumab therapy for previously treated lung cancer
Authors: Hamai Kosuke , Katsura Ryo , Miyake Shinya , Fujita Suguru , Tada Shinpei , Hirakawa Tetsu , Ueno Sayaka , Tanimoto Takuya , Ishikawa Nobuhisa 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Docetaxel plus ramucirumab (DTX + RAM) therapy is a standard treatment for previously treated lung cancer, but many adverse events has been reported. Therefore, this retrospective study was conducted to examine if the side effects of DTX + RAM therapy can be minimized by the combined use of oral dexamethasone and to assess the therapeutic effect of DTX + RAM in patients with recurrent lung cancer.
Methods
Forty patients with relapsed non-small cell lung cancer who underwent DTX + RAM therapy were divided into two groups based on the concomitant use of oral dexamethasone and compared the therapeutic effects and toxicities of the two groups.
Results
The objective response and tumor shrinkage rates were significantly better in the dexamethasone group (p = 0.0203 and 0.0238, respectively). The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 5.20 months vs. 2.87 months (p = 0.064). On the other hand, the median overall survival (OS) was significantly better in the dexamethasone group (15.17 months vs. 7.37 months, p = 0.0317). Febrile neutropenia (FN) was more common in the dexamethasone group, but other side effects were not significantly different between the groups. The frequency of fluid retention within six months of the start of treatment was 10.0% vs. 42.5%, and the fluid retention rate was significantly higher in the non-dexamethasone group (p = 0.039).
Conclusion
Concomitant use of oral dexamethasone during DTX + RAM therapy may facilitate the long-term continuation of treatment and contribute to OS prolongation.
lncRNA HCG11 regulates the expression level of SP1 as a potential prognostic biomarker of BC during the polymerase II transcription process in an HCG11/miR-106a-3p/SP1 axis: integrated bioinformatics and experimental investigation
Authors: Sichani Adel Rezvani , Ghaedi Kamran , Fazilati Mohammad , Sichani Ziba Rezvani , Azadeh Mansoureh 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer (BC), one of the ten most common diseases in the world, is a common malignant tumor that forms from the women's breast epithelial tissue. According to Cancer Statistics 2020, over 1.7 million new cancer cases are detected yearly. In this research, we aimed to evaluate the expression level and interaction network of the SP1 gene, and it’s regulatory non-coding RNAs in the BC samples.
Method
High-throughput microarray data analysis was performed on GSE42568 (27 control and 31 tumors) to find the up and down-regulated genes in BC patients. Reactome performed pathway enrichment analysis. Enrichr performed gene ontology analysis. Comprehensive protein-protein (STRING), miRNA-mRNA (miRWalk), and miRNA-lncRNA (lncBase 3) was performed to find the RNA regulatory network of SP1. Cytoscape performed visualization of RNA network. The qRT-PCR experiment was performed to validate the changes in the expression level of SP1 and related non-coding RNAs in the BC samples.
Results
Microarray analysis revealed that SP1 has a significantly low expression in the BC samples. lncRNA HCG11 regulates SP1 in direct interaction and ceRNA axis (binding affinity to hsa-miR-106a-3p). hsa-miR-106a-3p regulates the expression level of SP1 during regulating the transcriptional activity of the SMAD2/SMAD3:SMAD4 heterotrimer process. qRT-PCR experiment revealed that SP1 (logFC: -4.174, p-value: 0.0007) and lncRNA HCG11 (logFC: -4.223, p-value: 0.0003) have significant low-expression in the BC samples. ROC analysis revealed that SP1 (AUC: 0.7312, p-value: 0.07074) HCG11 (logFC: 0.7312, p-value: 0.07505) could be the two potential diagnostic biomarkers of BC.
Conclusion
SP1 and lncRNA HCG11 have significantly low expression in the BC samples as the two potential diagnostic biomarkers. Has-miR-106a-3p regulates the expression level of HCG11 and SP1 in a ceRNA axis. This axis might be a novel regulatory factor in response to the hydroperoxide process.
Necroptosis-related lncRNAs signature predicts prognosis and influences immune microenvironment in patients with colon adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xu Zijie , Liu Jingya , Wang Yiwen , Shen Haoyang , Zhu Lingjun , Shu Yongqian 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background: The present study aimed to identify an NRLs (necroptosis-related long noncoding RNAs [lncRNAs]) signature for the prognosis of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) and to investigate its potential relationship with clinical characteristics and immune microenvironment.
Methods:Clinical information of patients with COAD and RNA sequence data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Necroptosis-related genes (NRGs) were obtained from the GeneCards website. Co-expression analysis was performed to identify NRLs. By using the “limma” package in R software, differentially expressed NRLs (DE-NRLs) were screened from the identified NRLs. A prognostic NRLs signature was established based on the results of univariate Cox regression analysis, LASSO algorithm, and multivariate Cox analysis. Survival analysis and area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) were used to evaluate the prognostic efficacy of this signature. Clinical correlation and independent prognostic factors were then assessed, and a predictive nomogram was then constructed. Finally, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted to determine the potential molecular mechanisms. Immune analysis was performed to analyze the tumor microenvironment and to predict the immune response of patients with COAD. Lastly, experiments were conducted to validate the expression and function of NRLs involved in the prognostic signature.
Results: Three NRLs were identified, and a prognostic signature was constructed from them. According to the risk score calculated using this signature, patients were classified into high-risk and low-risk groups. The signature exhibited a strong ability to predict survival, and the risk score was confirmed as an independent prognostic factor. GSEA showed differences in specific molecular pathways involved in immune response, mitochondrial function, and energy metabolism. The two groups also showed significant differences in immune cell infiltration, immune function, and immune checkpoint gene expression. The high-risk group showed higher immunogenicity and may benefit from immunotherapy. Lastly, in vivo experiments validated the expression and function of NRLs involved in the prognostic signature.
Conclusions:The prognostic signature of NRLs developed in this study can facilitate the clinical diagnosis and treatment of patients with COAD and may serve as a valuable reference for in-depth studies of functional mechanisms of NRLs in the immune microenvironment.
FGS-Net: A Visibility Estimation Method Based on Statistical Feature Stream in Fog Area
Authors: Liu Jiawei , Zhong Jiandan , Li Yingxiang , Ji Yulin , Fu Junjie , Chang Xianjie 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Low visibility always leads to serious traffic accidents worldwide, and it remains a tough problem despite the extensive work researched in the field of meteorology. Therefore, we propose a novel end-to-end network, FGS-Net, for visibility estimation, combining "engineered features" and "learned features" to achieve higher accuracy. Specifically, we propose a novel and effective fog region segmentation method, named ASRS(Auto Seed Region Segmentation), to segment the fog regions in the input image. Subsequently, two "specific features" (transmittance matrix, dark channel matrix) and three "common features" (contrast, average gradient, brightness) are extracted from the fog region. Next, the feature information of the fog region is statistically calculated as "engineering features" for visibility estimation. In addition, our approach uses Transformer, a classical model commonly used in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP) to obtain the "learned features" for visibility estimation. Furthermore, in order to obtain more efficient "learned features", we embed the Coordinate Attention (CA) module in FGS-Net. Finally, to verify the effectiveness and superiority of our method, We evaluate our approach on two visibility datasets: Visibility Image Dataset Ⅰ (VID I) and Visibility Image Dataset Ⅱ (VID II), where VID I is a real scene visibility dataset and VID II is a synthetic visibility dataset. The experimental results show that our method has better performance than the classical one on these two datasets. And compared with the runner-up, it has 2.2% and 0.9% higher accuracy in VID I and VID II, respectively.
Urban scaling of air pollutants in Israel
Authors: Yatzkan Or , Omer Itzhak , Burg David 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Cities have been shown to exhibit empirical scaling behavior where numerous variables of urban performance are allometric, like greenhouse gas emissions. Polluting emissions have negative environmental and health impacts. Therefore, recently, this methodology of urban scaling has been implemented to study the dynamics of vehicle and industrial emissions into the environment. It has been shown that cities may be environmentally efficient with CO2 emissions that seem to be sublinear, so the large cities may be more "green". However, a number of reports suggest a superlinear relationship with respect to city size, so the larger cities may be less "green". We report here the results of the nonlinear allometric power-law scaling properties of multiple air pollutants in the Israel urban system, expanding the analysis to include electricity consumption and atmospheric emissions of CO2, NOx, SO2, CO, NMVOC, PM10, PM2.5, benzene and 1,3-butadiene. The results show the recurring mathematical patterns of cities similar to those reported elsewhere. Electricity usage is superlinear. Pollutant emissions of these greenhouse gases tend to exhibit significant superlinear dynamics (β > 1), though NMVOC and Benzene were linear. The superlinear result was conserved when regressing against the number of vehicles. This evidence supports the hypothesis that large cities may be less "green". However, different urban characteristics such as geography, local climate and weather conditions, population density, may also affect the pollution levels of cities. Taken together these results give evidence to the effect of urban agglomerations on the environment. With this perspective it may be possible to implement sustainable policy to improve the environment and increase human wellbeing.
Synthesize evaluation method of characteristic defects in hole drilling of carbon fiber reinforced polymer
Authors: Liang Siyu , Liu Guangjun , Guan Zhongguo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites are widely used in various fields because of their high strength, good toughness, and low density. However, owing to their unique forming process, some complex structures such as holes and grooves cannot be formed directly. Therefore, traditional machining procedures are also required. The drilling process is one of the most common machining methods for CFRP material holes, but owing to the complex structure and difficulty in processing CFRP composite material, the quality of the drilling process is often challenging to guarantee. Moreover, the hole-forming defects also have complex forms and lack uniform evaluation indexes. This study summarizes the common orifice defects in the process of CFRP drilling, establishes a comprehensive evaluation method of orifice defects by introducing the relevant theory of the fuzzy complementary judgment matrix, and experimentally verifies the accuracy and reliability of this method. Then, based on the experimental results, a non-linear cutting parameter optimization model is established, which effectively suppresses the orifice defects to ensure the accuracy of the hole size, roundness, and hole wall roughness. The hole-forming quality is subsequently improved. The hole quality evaluation method proposed in this study reduced the dimension of the evaluation index to ensure relevance and effectiveness and improved the convenience of quality inspection and parameter optimization in actual production.
Torsion Behavior of Strengthened Reinforced Concrete Box Girders with Openings
Authors: Eltaly Boshra , EL_Sayed Medhat , Meleka Nageh , kandil Kamel 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
An experimental test program consisting of eleven reinforced concrete box girders with a length of 1300 mm, a cross-section of 350 x 350 mm and 200 x 200 mm an inner cross-section was carried out. Four control specimens were tested: two as box girders, one solid beam and one box girder with an opening. Two specimens with openings were retrofitted with steel plates and CFRP around the opening and two specimens without openings were retrofitted longitudinally with steel plates and CFRP sheets. Two specimens were strengthened with U-shaped steel plates and CFRP sheets. One specimen was strengthened with longitudinal and U-shaped CFRP sheets. All the specimens were tested under pure torsion up to failure. To validate the finite element model, numerical models were used and their results were compared to experimental results. After verification, different variables were studied such as the influence of the opening location, number of openings, area of the opening, change in longitudinal and transverse steel amount, and strengthening around the opening. The comparative study revealed that the number of openings and their dimensions are the most important factors influencing the torsional moment. Also, the strengthening around the opening compensates the torsional strength that was lost due to the opening.
A prospective, multicenter, cohort study to evaluate the long-term quality of life and psychological factors among patients with breast cancer, 5-year follow-up: a study protocol
Authors: Lahiji Mahsa Raji , Sajadian Akram , Hashemi Elahe , Montazeri Ali , Anbiaee Robab , Omranipour Ramesh , Nafissi Nahid , Heydari Leila , Rasouli Mohsen , Kazemnejad Anoshirvan , Alaeddini Farshid 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer among women worldwide. Quality of life and psychological status of patients with breast cancer could be affected after diagnosis, especially during treatment. The main objective of this study is investigation of long-term influence of breast cancer on quality of life’s dimensions and mental health status.
Methods: This is a multicenter, ongoing longitudinal prospective cohort study which administered in national institute for medical research development in May 2018 in Iran. 1250 patients with breast cancer who were completed their treatments, will be recruited from 5 referral medical centers located in Tehran, to be followed for 5 years. Questionnaires for evaluating the primary and secondary outcomes will be complete by trained investigators during face-to-face interviews with each participant in three phases: immediately after treatment, 1 year and 5 years later. Data will be collected on socio-demographic, quality of life, body image, hope, psychological problems such as anxiety, depression and mood, also sexual function and physical activity. Data will be analyzed in each phase and at the end of the project by SPSS version 22.
Discussion: It is the first nationwide, prospective, cohort study with large sample size, long-term follow-up and broad research aims which will evaluate quality of life-related factors in Iranian breast cancer population to justify the existing gap in literature.
Trial registration number: National Institute for Medical Research Development (NIMAD) (IR.NIMAD.REC.1397.322) July 1th, 2018.
Multiclass Classification of Thyroid gland data employing Linear Discriminant Analysis
Authors: Murali M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
With the advent of internet, complex data is tremendously increased. It is essential to analyze the data. Multiclass classification, has been an important problem for a long time in supervised learning. In multiclass classification the independent variables are used to map it with k number of classes. Linear discriminant analysis is a supervised learning method to classify k number of classes. We consider applying Fisher’s Linear Discriminant Analysis(LDA) procedure to the multiclass classification. In this work, we used thyroid gland dataset to classify state of the thyroid gland. The experiments were conducted to evaluate the Fisher’s LDA method using four metrics: precision, recall, F1-score and accuracy. As the results indicated by the experiments, the Fisher’s LDA shown the best classification accuracy. Further, the Fisher’s LDA method is compared with multiclass linear regression and multiclass support vector machine.
Genome-wide association analysis of resistance to frogeye leaf spot China race 7 in soybean based on high-throughput sequencing
Authors: Na Chen , Miao Huanran , Jiang Haipeng , Ma Jinglin , Liu Hongliang , Lv Suchen , Zhou Jinghang , Yang Yuming , Zhan Yuhang , Teng Weili , Li Yonguang , Zhao Xue , Han Yingpeng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Frogeye leaf spot (FLS) causes severe yield loss in soybean and has been found in several countries worldwide. Therefore, it is necessary to select and utilize FLS-resistant varieties for the management of FLS. In the present study, 335 representative soybean materials were assessed for partial resistance to FLS race 7. Quantitative trait nucleotide (QTN) and FLS race 7 candidate genes were identified using genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) based on a site-specific amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) approach. A total of 23,156 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used to evaluate the level of linkage disequilibrium with a minor allele frequency ≥ 5 and deletion data < 3%. These SNPs covered about 947.01 MBP, nearly 86.09% of the entire soybean genome. In addition, a compressed mixed linear model was utilized to identify association signals for partial resistance to FLS race 7. A total of 15 QTNs associated with resistance were found to be novel for FLS race 7 resistance. A total of 217 candidate genes located in the 200 kb genomic region of these peak SNPs were identified. Based on gene association analysis, qRT-PCR, haplotype analysis and virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) systems were used to further verify candidate genes Glyma.16G176800, Glyma.16G177300, Glyma.16G177400 and Glyma.16G182300. This indicates that these four candidate genes may participate in FLS race 7 resistance responses.