bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anforderungen an eine iPaaS Cloud Lösung zum sicheren Betrieb von Gesundheitsdaten in Schweizer Spitälern
Authors: Russ Christian , Stalder Philipp , Steinwendner Joachim , Pimentel Tibor , Kavakopoulos James 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungWie viele Cloud Computing Angebote, erfreuen sich „Integration Plattform as a Service“ (iPaaS) immer grösserer Beliebtheit. In verschiedenen Branchen bereits etabliert, stellen sie in der Schweizer Gesundheitsbranche und speziell in den Spitälern noch eine Minderheit dar. Dies, obwohl das Datenmanagement und die Datenintegration der administrativen und medizinischen Daten essenziell sind, um die Digitalisierung in Spitälern erfolgreich voranzutreiben. Es zeigt sich jedoch schnell, dass die Anforderungen und Voraussetzungen für den Einsatz von iPaaS im sensiblen Gesundheitsdatenbereich sehr umfassend sind und potenzielle Hürden beinhalten. Im Zuge des Innosuisse Flagship Multi-Forschungsprojekts SHIFT wurde diese Fragestellung aufgegriffen und nun die erste Phase mit den Anforderungen an eine iPaaS Lösung erarbeitet. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden auf Basis der Situation der Schweizer Spitäler auf die einzelnen allgemeinen, rechtlichen, organisatorischen, technischen und speziellen Anforderungen eingegangen, welche abschliessend grafisch zusammenfasst werden. Dies kann als initiale Hilfestellung für konkrete Handlungsfelder in der Praxis und neue wissenschaftliche Fragestellungen bzgl. der Nutzung von iPaaS in der Schweizer Gesundheitsbranche dienen. Es wird ersichtlich, dass es sowohl einen systemischen als auch interdisziplinären Ansatz benötigt, um den sicheren Betrieb von Gesundheitsdaten in der Public Cloud in Schweizer Spitälern zu ermöglichen.
Bisphenol-A and phthalate metabolism in children with neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Stein T. Peter , Schluter Margaret D. , Steer Robert A. , Ming Xue 
Published: September 2023

Background
The etiology of autism spectrum (ASD) and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity (ADHD) disorders are multifactorial. Epidemiological studies have shown associations with environmental pollutants, such as plasticizers. This study focused on two of these compounds, the Bisphenol-A (BPA) and Diethylhexyl Phthalate (DEHP). The major pathway for BPA and DEHP excretion is via glucuronidation. Glucuronidation makes insoluble substances more water-soluble allowing for their subsequent elimination in urine.

Hypothesis
Detoxification of these two plasticizers is compromised in children with ASD and ADHD. Consequently, their tissues are more exposed to these two plasticizers.

Methods
We measured the efficiency of glucuronidation in three groups of children, ASD (n = 66), ADHD (n = 46) and healthy controls (CTR, n = 37). The children were recruited from the clinics of Rutgers-NJ Medical School. A urine specimen was collected from each child. Multiple mass spectrometric analyses including the complete metabolome were determined and used to derive values for the efficiency of glucuronidation for 12 varied glucuronidation pathways including those for BPA and MEHP.

Results
(1) Both fold differences and metabolome analyses showed that the three groups of children were metabolically different from each other. (2) Of the 12 pathways examined, only the BPA and DEHP pathways discriminated between the three groups. (3) Glucuronidation efficiencies for BPA were reduced by 11% for ASD (p = 0.020) and 17% for ADHD (p<0.001) compared to controls. DEHP showed similar, but not significant trends.

Conclusion
ASD and ADHD are clinically and metabolically different but share a reduction in the efficiency of detoxification for both BPA and DEHP with the reductions for BPA being statistically significant.
Sublethal toxicities of 2,4-dinitrophenol as inferred from online self-reports
Authors: Abdelati Ali , Burns Michele M. , Chary Michael 
Published: September 2023

Introduction
2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) is a mitochondrial toxin sometimes used as a weight loss agent. Reports of fatalities from DNP have been increasing since 2000, suggesting an increase in use. Our understanding of DNP toxicity in humans comes from reports to Poison Control and postmortem analyses, sources that are biased to more extreme presentations. This leads to a gap in our knowledge about the adverse effects of DNP at nonlethal doses. Here we investigate the doses and effects of DNP as reported online.

Methods
We analyzed publicly available Internet posts that we collected from 2017–2019. The posts came from anonymous users or users who voluntarily self-identified. We collected data from websites whose terms of use allow for the secondary analysis of data that their users agree to make public. We used natural language processing techniques that we had previously developed to extract doses, effects, and substances mentioned in each post.

Results
We collected 1,630 posts across 5 online forums and the Reddit forum r/DNP. The posts were from 1,234 unique usernames. The most commonly reported doses were between 150 to 300 mg each day followed by 300 to 450 mg each day. At those doses, the most reported adverse effects were profuse sweating and fatigue. Reports of thermoregulatory (sweating, feeling hot flashes or flushed), fatigue-related, and neurologically related symptoms were statistically significantly more frequent at reported daily doses greater than 150 mg than doses below 150 mg (post-hoc χ2-test with Bonferroni correction). The effects were judged as plausible by two board-certified medical toxicologists. Triiodothyronine, clenbuterol, testosterone, and trenbolone, an androgenic anabolic steroid were the most significantly co-mentioned substances.

Conclusions
Fatigue, increased body temperature, and paresthesias from DNP are reported more frequently at doses greater than 150 mg each day than at doses less than 150 mg each day. Online discussions of DNP frequently mention androgenic anabolic steroids and other weight loss agents.
A socioecological description of the influencing factors to midwives’ management of preeclampsia in a Ghanaian tertiary hospital
Authors: Garti Isabella , Gray Michelle , Bromley Angela , Tan Benjamin (Jing-Yu) 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionIn low-resource settings, midwives are the first contact for women with preeclampsia and lead the coordination of care. Unfavourable preeclampsia outcomes create a burden for women, families, and the health system. It is therefore important to understand the unique context of midwives’ practice and the complex factors that influence the delivery of maternal healthcare.AimThis qualitative study explored the perspectives of key stakeholders in a tertiary hospital in Ghana regarding the facilitators and barriers influencing midwives’ provision of preeclampsia care using a socioecological model.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with 42 participants comprising senior managers (n = 7) and hospital midwives (n = 35) in 2021. Thematic analysis used Braun and Clarke’s six-step method, and the findings were organised within four levels of the socioecological model: individual, interpersonal, organisational, and public policy.ResultsTwo main themes were identified: 1) Facilitators of preeclampsia management, and 2) Barriers to preeclampsia management. Facilitators were identified at three levels (individual, interpersonal, and organisational) and included midwives’ knowledge of preeclampsia; midwives’ self-efficacy; midwives’ skillset to enhance preeclampsia care; collaborative practice; and strategies for preeclampsia care quality improvement. At the individual level, the barriers were inadequate pre-service preparation, lack of evidence-based midwifery care, and colleagues’ work attitudes. Hierarchical decision-making and staff views of women’s risk perceptions were identified as barriers at the interpersonal level. At the organisational level, the barriers were: scarce resources and staff shortages, and a lack of midwifery-specific guidelines. Two barriers were identified within the public policy level: the high cost of preeclampsia care and issues with the referral system.ConclusionMulti-faceted factors play a significant role in midwives’ management of preeclampsia. Hence context-specific multi-level interventions have the potential to improve the quality-of-care women in Ghana receive.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on pharmacologic treatment of patients newly diagnosed with osteoporosis
Authors: White Micaela , Hisatomi Lauren , Villegas Alex , Pina Dagoberto , Garfinkel Alec , Agrawal Garima , Punatar Nisha , Wise Barton L. , Teng Polly , Le Hai 
Published: September 2023

PurposeThis study determined whether initiation of pharmacologic treatment was delayed for newly diagnosed osteoporosis patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods1,189 patients ≥50 years with newly diagnosed osteoporosis using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) screening at a single academic institution were included. Patients with previous osteoporosis were excluded. Patients diagnosed between March 1, 2018—January 31, 2020 (pre-pandemic cohort, n = 576) were compared to those diagnosed between March 1, 2020—January 31, 2022 (pandemic cohort, n = 613). Age, sex, race, ethnicity, ordering providers (primary vs specialty), and pharmacological agents were evaluated. Primary outcomes included proportion of patients prescribed therapy within 3 and 6-months of diagnosis, and mean time from diagnosis to treatment initiation.ResultsThe pre-pandemic cohort had more White patients (74.3 vs 68.4%, p = .02) and no differences between remaining demographic variables. Only 40.5% of newly diagnosed patients initiated pharmacologic therapy within 6 months. Patients treated at 3-months (31.8 vs 35.4%, p = 0.19) and 6-months (37.8 vs 42.9, p = 0.08) were comparable between cohorts (47.2 vs 50.2% p = 0.30). Mean time from diagnosis to treatment initiation was similar (46 vs 45 days, p = 0.72). There were no treatment differences based on gender, race, or ethnicity or between ordering providers (65.1 vs 57.4% primary care, p = 0.08). Bisphosphonates were most often prescribed in both cohorts (89% vs 82.1%).ConclusionsThis is the first study assessing COVID-19’s impact on pharmacologic treatment of newly diagnosed osteoporosis. 40.5% of newly diagnosed patients were treated pharmacologically within six months of diagnosis, and the pandemic did not significantly affect treatment rates.
Difficulties and missteps of diagnosis and surgical treatment of patient with multifocal metachronic carcinoma associated with primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Sergiiko S. V. , Korotovskii D. V. , Lukyanov S. A. , Baturin O. G. , Butorin A. S. , Ilyina T. E. 
Published: September 2023

We present a clinical case of a patient with metachronous primary multiple carcinoma of left kidney (2004) with left adrenal metastasis (2021), occult low-grade follicular thyroid carcinoma with lateral neck lymph node metastasis (2019), central lung cancer (2020), primary hyperparathyroidism with coherent parathyroid adenomas with intrathyroid and typical location.Patient had undergone left-side nephrectomy with bilateral adrenalectomy, double-staged thyroidectomy with parathyroidectomy and selective lateral neck dissection and right-side pulmonectomy with 4 sessions of chemotherapy. Almost 20 years after first operation patient has no signs of tumors recurrence. In addition, patient is undergoing hormone replacement therapy (HRT) of adrenal insufficiency and thyroid hormone suppression therapy.This case represents combination of non-hereditary endocrine neoplasms with multiple carcinomas. It also examples mistakes and difficulties of differential diagnosis of primary adrenal tumors and adrenal metastasis.
Connective Frequency Bands informed by textbook frequencies and midadolescents’ knowledge of connectives: a tool to support Spanish literacy instruction across content areas
Authors: Meneses Alejandra , Arriagada Silvana , Caro Sebastián , Baeza Felipe , Uccelli Paola 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study focuses on connectives, linguistic devices that signal relations between ideas. Connective knowledge varies widely across grades and is known to support reading comprehension and school writing. Despite the important role that connective knowledge plays in reading and writing, few resources exist to support teachers in understanding which connectives to prioritize in Spanish literacy instruction. In this study we combined a secondary analysis of midadolescents’ connective assessment data (810 students in grades 4–8) with a corpus linguistics frequency analysis of connectives in Chilean national science and social studies textbooks (1,079,593 total words), with the goal of generating a pedagogically relevant tool to support the instruction of connectives in Spanish literacy across content areas. To generate the Connective Frequency Bands Tool, we first examined the role of grade and connective type in midadolescents’ connective knowledge. Secondly, we examined associations between students’ knowledge and textual frequencies across content areas for each connective included in the assessment. Finally, informed by midadolescents’ connective knowledge and by the corpus linguistics analysis of science and social studies textbooks from grades 1–8, we generated the Connective Frequency Bands Tool listing connectives frequencies by grade, connective type, and content area.
The Essential Role of Human Service Nonprofits in Restorative Justice Policy Implementation
Authors: Moore Paige L. , Lawrence Kara L. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Evidence demonstrating the essential role of human service nonprofits in restoring justice to communities has led to an increased need in understanding how these nonprofits view their service delivery role in relation to the state in a restorative justice context. Despite the increase in funding dedicated to restorative justice programs and increased collaborations between states and nonprofits, few studies have explored perceptions of collaborative restorative justice roles in state-led initiatives. This exploratory qualitative study uses semi-structured interviews to understand how leaders in these programs view their organization’s roles in restorative justice implementation. The analysis evaluates the variations in perceptions among nonprofits leaders as well as the differences in perceptions between nonprofit versus public managers/policy makers. Results indicate that nonprofit leaders and public managers/policy makers view nonprofits as pivotal to restorative justice policy implementation given their capacity to engage in grassroots problem-solving and develop strengths-based programs.
Triaxial Testing Methodology for Gassy Soils
Authors: Kaminski Pauline , Grabe Jürgen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Small amounts of gas occur in almost every sediment in marine or coastal environments. In past studies, a negative influence of gas on the mechanical properties of soil was associated with geohazard occurrence and dike safety in tide affected areas. However, the impact of a homogeneous distribution of gas bubbles in soil on its mechanical properties has not yet been thoroughly understood. In order to further investigate and improve our understanding of the shear strength of gassy soils, an experimental setup and a sample preparation procedure to implement the axis-translation method were developed. To this end, a temperature-controlled triaxial apparatus was specially modified. The triaxial apparatus is supplemented by a circulation system, required for the preparation of gassy samples with a homogeneous gas bubble distribution. In the circulation system, a defined quantity of carbon dioxide gas is dissolved in water. During the test procedure, the carbonated water is circulated into a saturated sample via a pressure gradient between the sample top and bottom. A subsequent unloading, tailored to the previously dissolved gas quantity, leads to gas exsolution in the sample. As a result, a defined degree of saturation can be generated within the triaxial apparatus. This experimental procedure represents a nondestructive technique for the preparation of gassy soil samples that is not limited to specific soil types. Triaxial shear tests on these samples extend our knowledge on the stress–strain behavior of gassy soils and thus provide a basis for future research, e.g., in the field of constitutive modeling.
A Deep Learning Approach for Neuronal Cell Body Segmentation in Neurons Expressing GCaMP Using a Swin Transformer
Authors: Islam Mohammad Shafkat , Suryavanshi Pratyush , Baule Samuel M. , Glykys Joseph , Baek Stephen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNeuronal cell body analysis is crucial for quantifying changes in neuronal sizes under different physiological and pathologic conditions. Neuronal cell body detection and segmentation mainly rely on manual or pseudo-manual annotations. Manual annotation of neuronal boundaries is time-consuming, requires human expertise, and has intra/interobserver variances. Also, determining where the neuron’s cell body ends and where the axons and dendrites begin is taxing. We developed a deep-learning-based approach that uses a state-of-the-art shifted windows (Swin) transformer for automated, reproducible, fast, and unbiased 2D detection and segmentation of neuronal somas imaged in mouse acute brain slices by multiphoton microscopy. We tested our Swin algorithm during different experimental conditions of low and high signal fluorescence. Our algorithm achieved a mean Dice score of 0.91, a precision of 0.83, and a recall of 0.86. Compared with two different convolutional neural networks, the Swin transformer outperformed them in detecting the cell boundaries of GCamP6s expressing neurons. Thus, our Swin transform algorithm can assist in the fast and accurate segmentation of fluorescently labeled neuronal cell bodies in thick acute brain slices. Using our flexible algorithm, researchers can better study the fluctuations in neuronal soma size during physiological and pathologic conditions.
Gas Discharge Source of Synchronous Flows of UV Radiation and Silver Sulphide Microstructures
Authors: Shuaibov O.K. , Minya O.Y. , Hrytsak R.V. , Bilak Yu.Yu. , Malinina A.O , Homoki Z.T. , Pop M.M. , Konoplyov O.M. 
Published: September 2023

The results of the study of the characteristics of a pulsed source of time-synchronous UV radiation streams of silver atoms and ions and micro-nanostructures of silver sulfide are given. An overvoltage nanosecond discharge was ignited in nitrogen between electrodes made of silver sulfide (Ag2S) at a distance between electrodes of 2 mm. Silver sulfide vapors were introduced into the gas-vapor mixture "Nitrogen - Ag2S" due to the ectonic mechanism. The voltage and current pulses, the pulsed power of the discharge, the energy contribution to the plasma for one pulse at pulse repetition frequencies of 40-1000 Hz were studied. The spectral characteristics of the discharge and the spatial characteristics of the microstructures deposited from the discharge plasma on a quartz substrate installed near the electrode system were studied.
The discharge can be used as a source of bactericidal radiation and a source of microstructures based on silver sulfide, as well as a plasma chemical reactor for the synthesis of thin microstructured films of silver sulfide.
Effect of yttrium doping on the photocatalytic properties of ZnO thin films
Authors: Hrytsak L. , Turko B. , Vasil’ev V. , Eliyashevskyy Y. , Kostruba A. , Hrytsak A. 
Published: September 2023

Zinc oxide films with different levels of yttrium doping are deposited on glass substrates, using radio-frequency magnetron sputtering. Photocatalytic properties were investigated for such Y-doping weight concentration: 0, 2.4, 3.9, 4.7 wt. %. The studies showed that the Y-doping significantly improves the photocatalytic activity of the ZnO thin films. It was shown that the ZnO:Y 3.9 wt. % presents the highest degradation efficiency of 100 % during 80 minutes and the largest rate constant 9.6 · 10-2 min-1 among all samples.
Radiation-induced isomerization reaction mechanism of hydrocarbons on the surface of solid acid
Authors: Ismayilova M.K. , Mustafayev I. I. , Melikova S.Z. , Nurmammadova F.N. , Aliyeva M.H. 
Published: September 2023

This paper's goal is to investigate how petroleum's n-alkane isomerization reaction occurs on the surface of a solid nanocatalyst. In this experiment, the isomerization of aromatic-rich crude oil is being studied as a result of radiation exposure. It was discovered that sodium-rich bentonite –solid acid, from the Alpoid deposit works well as a catalyst for refining petroleum. Possible mechanisms of the radio-catalytic reaction that converts n-alkanes to branched hydrocarbons have been researched by methods of FT- IR spectroscopy and gas chromatography. The effect of acidity type of the nanostructured bentonite clay on Lewis acid cites is proposed to explain observed results. Additional radiation energy, which is mainly generated due to the nanobentonite volume, results in a more efficient aromatic- rich petroleum radiolysis process. Also, it was investigated the dynamics of dose –dependent changes in the amount of branched hydrocarbons. One of the primary objectives of this research work is increasing the efficiency of transformation of adsorbed beam energy in solid phase to the system and improvement of hydrocarbon isomerization reactions in crude oil. The results of hydrocarbon transformations are discussed in terms of the behavior of excited electrons in solids. Novel eco-friendly nanocatalyst creates new opportunities for hydrocarbons with multi- branched structures.