bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is There Smart Money? How Information in the Commodity Futures Market Is Priced into the Cross Section of Stock Returns with Delay
Authors: Ho Steven Wei , Lauwers Alexandre R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe document a new empirical phenomenon in which the aggregate positions of money managers, who are sophisticated speculators in the commodity futures market, as disclosed by the Disaggregated Commitments of Traders reports, can predict the cross section of commodity producers’ stock returns in the subsequent week. We employ a number of cross-sectional methods, including calendar-time regression analysis, single-sort, double-sort, and Fama–MacBeth regressions, to confirm the predictability results. The results are more pronounced in firms with higher information asymmetry. We thus add more empirical evidence to the literature on costly information processing, which leads to gradual information diffusion across asset markets.
Citizenship, Ability, and Contribution
Authors: Devidi David , Klausen Catherine , Lowry Christopher 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPeople with significant cognitive disabilities and others who advocate on their behalf routinely state their claims in terms of enabling people to claim their full citizenship. Informed by the results of a study by one of the authors, we draw attention to some of these claims, and discuss what a just society ought to do so that members with significant cognitive disabilities see themselves – and are seen by others – as full, and therefore equal, citizens. Several political philosophers have sought to develop disability-inclusive accounts of justice, using three strategies: (1) defend a permissive understanding of who is owed justice by rejecting contribution to social cooperation as a necessary condition; (2) defend a permissive understanding of what counts as contribution; and (3) argue that some demands of justice are owed to all, while others are owed only to cooperators. We defend a version of the second strategy, arguing that the relevant notion of contribution requires that it be something the agent chooses to do because they know it to be valued by someone else, and we argue that the third strategy also has a role to play.
Slow Slip Detectability in Seafloor Pressure Records Offshore Alaska
Authors: Fredrickson Erik K. , Gomberg Joan S. , Wilcock William S. D. , Hautala Susan L. , Hermann Albert J. , Johnson H. Paul 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn subduction zones worldwide, seafloor pressure data are used to observe tectonic deformation, particularly from megathrust earthquakes and slow slip events (SSEs). However, such measurements are also sensitive to oceanographic circulation‐generated pressures over a range of frequencies that conflate with tectonic signals of interest. Using seafloor pressure and temperature data from the Alaska Amphibious Community Seismic Experiment, and sea surface height data from satellite altimetry, we evaluate the efficacy of various seasonal and oceanographic pressure signal proxy corrections and conduct synthetic tests to determine their impact on the timing and amplitude prediction of ramp‐like signals typical of SSEs. We find that subtracting out the first mode of the complex empirical orthogonal functions of the pressure records on either the shelf or slope yields signal root‐mean‐square error (RMS) reductions up to 73% or 80%, respectively. Additional correction with proxies that exploit the depth‐dependent spatial coherence of pressure records provides cumulative variance reductions up to 83% and 93%, respectively. Our detectability tests show that the timing and amplitude of synthetic SSE‐like ramps can be well constrained for ramp amplitudes ≥4 cm on the shelf and ≥2 cm on the slope, using a fully automated detector. The principal limits on detectability are residual abrupt changes in pressure that occur as part of the transition to and from summer to winter conditions but are not adequately characterized by our seasonal corrections, as well as the inability to properly account for instrumental drift, which is not readily separated from the seasonal signal.
Occurrence Rates of Spread‐F Echoes in Australasian VI Ionograms
Authors: Eccles James V. , McNamara Leo F. , Holmes Jeffrey M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObservations of frequency spreading (FS) and range spreading (RS) in ionogram traces for Australian vertical incidence ionosondes for 1975 through 2013 have been analyzed to provide diurnal, seasonal, latitudinal, and solar‐cycle variations of the occurrence rates of FS and RS traces. For midlatitude ionosondes, both FS and RS rates were found to be negatively correlated with solar activity. FS was found to have maximum occurrence rates in June and July (JJ), with sub‐maximum in December and January during solar minimum years. The FS occurrence rates in JJ months were highest just after midnight. RS echoes had lower occurrence rates than FS echoes overall, but in general had seasonal and diurnal variations similar to those of FS echoes. The FS and RS occurrence rates of the midlatitude Townsville ionosonde are highly correlated those of the Akita ionosonde in the conjugate hemisphere. The equatorial station Vanimo and the subauroral latitude station Hobart have different FS and RS occurrence statistics when compared to the midlatitude ionosondes. Vanimo RS occurrence rates are consistent with bottomside spread‐F instabilities associated with the Rayleigh‐Taylor instability at sunset during solar maximum. During solar minimum Vanimo spread‐F rates are similar to midlatitude vertical incidence (VI) ionosondes. Station Hobart is at subauroral latitudes. It observes high rates of FS echoes throughout the night for all seasons. Hobart spread‐F traces are consistent with plasma instabilities associated with convection dynamics of the subauroral latitudes.
A Novel Physics‐Aware Machine Learning‐Based Dynamic Error Correction Model for Improving Streamflow Forecast Accuracy
Authors: Roy Abhinanda , Kasiviswanathan K. S. , Patidar Sandhya , Adeloye Adebayo J. , Soundharajan Bankaru‐Swamy , Ojha Chandra Shekhar P. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOccurrences of extreme events, especially floods, have become more frequent and severe in the recent past due to the global impacts of climate change. In this context, possibilities for generating a near‐accurate streamflow forecast at higher lead times, which could be utilized for developing a reliable flood warning system to minimize the effects of extreme events, are highly important. This paper aims to investigate the potential of a novel hybrid modeling framework that couples the random forest algorithm, particle filter, and the HBV model for improving the overall accuracy of forecasts at higher lead times through the dynamic error correction schematic. The new framework simulates an ensemble of streamflow for estimating uncertainty associated with the predictions and is applied across two snow‐fed Himalayan rivers: the Beas River in India and the Sunkoshi River in Nepal. Several statistical indices along with graphical performance indicators were used for assessing the accuracy of the model performance and associated uncertainty. The modeling framework achieved the Nash Sutcliffe Efficiency of 0.94 and 0.98 in calibration and 0.95 and 0.99 in validation for the Beas and Sunkoshi river basin respectively for a 7‐day ahead forecast. Thus, the proposed framework can be considered as a promising tool having reasonably good performance in forecasting streamflow at a higher lead time.
Unexpected complexity of the ammonia monooxygenase in archaea
Authors: Hodgskiss Logan H , Melcher Michael , Kerou Melina , Chen Weiqiang , Ponce-Toledo Rafael I , Savvides Savvas N , Wienkoop Stefanie , Hartl Markus , Schleper Christa 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Ammonia oxidation, as the first step of nitrification, constitutes a critical process in the global nitrogen cycle. However, fundamental knowledge of its key enzyme, the copper-dependent ammonia monooxygenase, is lacking, in particular for the environmentally abundant ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA). Here the structure of the enzyme is investigated by blue-native gel electrophoresis and proteomics from native membrane complexes of two AOA. Besides the known AmoABC subunits and the earlier predicted AmoX, two new protein subunits, AmoY and AmoZ, were identified. They are unique to AOA, highly conserved and co-regulated, and their genes are linked to other AMO subunit genes in streamlined AOA genomes. Modeling and in-gel cross-link approaches support an overall protomer structure similar to the distantly related bacterial particulate methane monooxygenase but also reveals clear differences in extracellular domains of the enzyme. These data open avenues for further structure-function studies of this ecologically important nitrification complex.
Macular buckling alone versus combined inverted ILM flap on macular hole-associated macular detachment in patients with high myopia
Authors: Zhao Xiujuan , Song Huiying , Tanumiharjo Silvia , Wang Yanbing , Chen Yuqing , Chen Shida , Huang Xia , Liu Bingqian , Lian Ping , Lu Lin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To compare the efficacy of macular buckling (MB) alone against a combined internal limiting membrane (ILM) inversion flap for full-thickness macular hole (FTMH)-associated macular detachment (MD) in patients with high myopia.

Methods
This was a prospective interventional case series of patients with high myopia surgically treated with MB alone or combined with an inverted ILM flap for FTMH- associated MD. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at the 24-month postoperative follow-up, rate of initial retinal reattachment and macular hole closure were measured.

Results
A total of 62 eyes from 62 participants (33 in the MB group, 29 in the combination group) were studied. Postoperative BCVA improved significantly in both the combination group (P < 0.001) and the MB group (P = 0.027). The postoperative BCVA at 12 months (P = 0.021) and 24 months (P = 0.041) was significantly better in the combination group than in the MB group. The postoperative BCVA was not significantly different between the eyes with closed and unclosed MH at each follow-up time point (P > 0.05). In the combination group, we observed earlier retinal reattachment and closure of the MH as well as a higher rate of MH closure (82.8% vs. 66.7%) than in the MB group, although this difference was insignificant (P = 0.248).

Conclusion
MB combined with the ILM flap inversion technique achieved better postoperative BCVA and a higher success rate of MH closure than MB alone. We believe that combination surgery should be preferentially recommended.
Viral infection switches the balance between bacterial and eukaryotic recyclers of organic matter during coccolithophore blooms
Authors: Vincent Flora , Gralka Matti , Schleyer Guy , Schatz Daniella , Cabrera-Brufau Miguel , Kuhlisch Constanze , Sichert Andreas , Vidal-Melgosa Silvia , Mayers Kyle , Barak-Gavish Noa , Flores J. Michel , Masdeu-Navarro Marta , Egge Jorun Karin , Larsen Aud , Hehemann Jan-Hendrik , Marrasé Celia , Simó Rafel , Cordero Otto X. , Vardi Assaf 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAlgal blooms are hotspots of marine primary production and play central roles in microbial ecology and global elemental cycling. Upon demise of the bloom, organic carbon is partly respired and partly transferred to either higher trophic levels, bacterial biomass production or sinking. Viral infection can lead to bloom termination, but its impact on the fate of carbon remains largely unquantified. Here, we characterize the interplay between viral infection and the composition of a bloom-associated microbiome and consequently the evolving biogeochemical landscape, by conducting a large-scale mesocosm experiment where we monitor seven induced coccolithophore blooms. The blooms show different degrees of viral infection and reveal that only high levels of viral infection are followed by significant shifts in the composition of free-living bacterial and eukaryotic assemblages. Intriguingly, upon viral infection the biomass of eukaryotic heterotrophs (thraustochytrids) rivals that of bacteria as potential recyclers of organic matter. By combining modeling and quantification of active viral infection at a single-cell resolution, we estimate that viral infection causes a 2–4 fold increase in per-cell rates of extracellular carbon release in the form of acidic polysaccharides and particulate inorganic carbon, two major contributors to carbon sinking into the deep ocean. These results reveal the impact of viral infection on the fate of carbon through microbial recyclers of organic matter in large-scale coccolithophore blooms.
Quasiparticle Andreev scattering in the ν = 1/3 fractional quantum Hall regime
Authors: Glidic P. , Maillet O. , Piquard C. , Aassime A. , Cavanna A. , Jin Y. , Gennser U. , Anthore A. , Pierre F. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe scattering of exotic quasiparticles may follow different rules than electrons. In the fractional quantum Hall regime, a quantum point contact (QPC) provides a source of quasiparticles with field effect selectable charges and statistics, which can be scattered on an ‘analyzer’ QPC to investigate these rules. Remarkably, for incident quasiparticles dissimilar to those naturally transmitted across the analyzer, electrical conduction conserves neither the nature nor the number of the quasiparticles. In contrast with standard elastic scattering, theory predicts the emergence of a mechanism akin to the Andreev reflection at a normal-superconductor interface. Here, we observe the predicted Andreev-like reflection of an e/3 quasiparticle into a − 2e/3 hole accompanied by the transmission of an e quasielectron. Combining shot noise and cross-correlation measurements, we independently determine the charge of the different particles and ascertain the coincidence of quasielectron and fractional hole. The present work advances our understanding on the unconventional behavior of fractional quasiparticles, with implications toward the generation of novel quasi-particles/holes and non-local entanglements.
Digital circuits and neural networks based on acid-base chemistry implemented by robotic fluid handling
Authors: Agiza Ahmed A. , Oakley Kady , Rosenstein Jacob K. , Rubenstein Brenda M. , Kim Eunsuk , Riedel Marc , Reda Sherief 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAcid-base reactions are ubiquitous, easy to prepare, and execute without sophisticated equipment. Acids and bases are also inherently complementary and naturally map to a universal representation of “0” and “1.” Here, we propose how to leverage acids, bases, and their reactions to encode binary information and perform information processing based upon the majority and negation operations. These operations form a functionally complete set that we use to implement more complex computations such as digital circuits and neural networks. We present the building blocks needed to build complete digital circuits using acids and bases for dual-rail encoding data values as complementary pairs, including a set of primitive logic functions that are widely applicable to molecular computation. We demonstrate how to implement neural network classifiers and some classes of digital circuits with acid-base reactions orchestrated by a robotic fluid handling device. We validate the neural network experimentally on a number of images with different formats, resulting in a perfect match to the in-silico classifier. Additionally, the simulation of our acid-base classifier matches the results of the in-silico classifier with approximately 99% similarity.
A hydrophobic Cu/Cu2O sheet catalyst for selective electroreduction of CO to ethanol
Authors: Ma Guifeng , Syzgantseva Olga A. , Huang Yan , Stoian Dragos , Zhang Jie , Yang Shuliang , Luo Wen , Jiang Mengying , Li Shumu , Chen Chunjun , Syzgantseva Maria A. , Yan Sen , Chen Ningyu , Peng Li , Li Jun , Han Buxing 
Published: January 2023

AbstractElectrocatalytic reduction of carbon monoxide into fuels or chemicals with two or more carbons is very attractive due to their high energy density and economic value. Herein we demonstrate the synthesis of a hydrophobic Cu/Cu2O sheet catalyst with hydrophobic n-butylamine layer and its application in CO electroreduction. The CO reduction on this catalyst produces two or more carbon products with a Faradaic efficiency of 93.5% and partial current density of 151 mA cm−2 at the potential of −0.70 V versus a reversible hydrogen electrode. A Faradaic efficiency of 68.8% and partial current density of 111 mA cm−2 for ethanol were reached, which is very high in comparison to all previous reports of CO2/CO electroreduction with a total current density higher than 10 mA cm−2. The as-prepared catalyst also showed impressive stability that the activity and selectivity for two or more carbon products could remain even after 100 operating hours. This work opens a way for efficient electrocatalytic conversion of CO2/CO to liquid fuels.
3D printed N-doped CoCrFeNi high entropy alloy with more than doubled corrosion resistance in dilute sulphuric acid
Authors: Zhou Rui , Chen Wenyu , Li Wanpeng , Chou Tzu-Hsiu , Chen Yen-Hsiang , Liang Xiaopeng , Luan Junhua , Zhu Yuntian , Huang J. C. , Liu Yong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe traditional approaches for improving corrosion resistance of alloys typically lead to the sacrifice of mechanical properties because the microstructures needed for improving corrosion resistance often contradict those for high strength. Here we demonstrate that selected laser melting (SLM), a net-shape additive manufacture technique, can maintain good mechanical properties while double the corrosion-resistance of a N-doped CoCrFeNi HEA. The SLM processed sample possesses a heterogeneous microstructure with 3D dislocation cells inside each grain. The SLM-induced 3D dislocation cell structure can provide effective diffusion paths to significantly promote Cr outward segregation, forming a thick protective Cr oxide layer, which renders excellent corrosion resistance. Furthermore, Cr segregation along cell boundaries provides numerous sites for nucleation of oxides, and stabilizes the cell structure for good mechanical properties. The strategy discovered here may also be applied to other HEAs with multiple strengthening mechanisms.
Natural hybridization reduces vulnerability to climate change
Authors: Brauer Chris J. , Sandoval-Castillo Jonathan , Gates Katie , Hammer Michael P. , Unmack Peter J. , Bernatchez Louis , Beheregaray Luciano B. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractUnder climate change, species unable to track their niche via range shifts are largely reliant on genetic variation to adapt and persist. Genomic vulnerability predictions are used to identify populations that lack the necessary variation, particularly at climate-relevant genes. However, hybridization as a source of novel adaptive variation is typically ignored in genomic vulnerability studies. We estimated environmental niche models and genomic vulnerability for closely related species of rainbowfish (Melanotaeniaspp.) across an elevational gradient in the Australian Wet Tropics. Hybrid populations between a widespread generalist and several narrow range endemic species exhibited reduced vulnerability to projected climates compared to pure narrow endemics. Overlaps between introgressed and adaptive genomic regions were consistent with a signal of adaptive introgression. Our findings highlight the often-underappreciated conservation value of hybrid populations and indicate that adaptive introgression may contribute to evolutionary rescue of species with narrow environmental ranges.
Gamma-glutamyl transferase and risk of all-cause and disease-specific mortality: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Cho Eun Ju , Jeong Su-Min , Chung Goh Eun , Yoo Jeong-Ju , Cho Yuri , Lee Kyu-na , Shin Dong Wook , Kim Yoon Jun , Yoon Jung-Hwan , Han Kyungdo , Yu Su Jong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPopulation-based data regarding the prognostic implication of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) have been inconsistent. We examined the association of GGT with all-cause and disease-specific mortality. Using the Korean nationwide database, we included 9,687,066 subjects without viral hepatitis or cirrhosis who underwent a health examination in 2009. Subjects were classified into three groups by sex-specific tertile of serum GGT levels. The underlying causes of death were classified by 10th Revision of the International Classification of Diseases codes. During the median follow-up period of 8.3 years, 460,699 deaths were identified. All-cause mortality increased as serum GGT levels became higher (hazard ratio [HR], 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05, 1.04–1.05 in the middle tertile, and 1.33, 1.32–1.34 in the high tertile) compared to the low tertile of serum GGT levels. Similar trends were observed for cardiovascular disease (CVD) (HR, 95% CI 1.07, 1.05–1.09 in the middle tertile, 1.29, 1.26–1.31 in the high tertile), cancer (HR, 95% CI 1.08, 1.07–1.10 in the middle tertile, 1.38, 1.36–1.39 in the high tertile), respiratory disease (HR, 95% CI 1.10, 1.08–1.13 in the middle tertile, 1.39, 1.35–1.43 in the high tertile), and liver disease mortality (HR, 95% CI 1.74, 1.66–1.83 in the middle tertile, 6.73, 6.46–7.01 in the high tertile). Regardless of smoking, alcohol consumption and history of previous CVD and cancer, a higher serum GGT levels were associated with a higher risk of mortality. Serum GGT levels may be useful for risk assessment of all-cause and disease-specific mortality in general population.
The physician factor and anatomical site in 8846 consecutive mediastinal lymph node aspirations in a cross-sectional study
Authors: Bonert Michael , Zafar Uzma , Ramadan Soha , Finley Christian , Cutz Jean-Claude , Foster Gary , Ask Kjetil , Naqvi Asghar 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMediastinal lymph node fine needle aspiration (MLN-FNA) is a common procedure; however, the physician factor in pathological category, and anatomical site are not routinely assessed. Cytology reports for endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)/endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) MLN-FNA specimens (8846) were retrieved for July 2012–Dec 2019, classified by hierarchical free text string match algorithm into 51 diagnostic categories, four mutually exclusive diagnostic groups (benign |suspicious |malignant |insufficient), and 24 anatomical sites. Pathologist and submitting physician/surgeon bias were assessed using logistic regression and funnel plots|control charts centered on the group median (diagnostic/capture) rate. Eleven pathologists and seven submitting physician/surgeon were involved in more than 250 specimens each. Overall, the MLN-FNAs were benign|suspicious|malignant|insufficient in 46%|4%|25%|24% of specimens. Percent malignant (number of samples) varied by station; 7| 4R| 4L| 2R| 10R| 11R| 11L were respectively 21%(3,101), 27%(2,453), 19%(1,289), 41%(435), 27%(497), 24%(357), 26%(229). The number of outlier (P < 0.05/P < 0.001) pathologists of 11 from the group median rate for benign|suspicious|malignant|insufficient was 0/0| 3/1| 0/0| 3/0 respectively. The outlier (P < 0.05/P < 0.001) submitting physicians/surgeons of 7 for benign|suspicious|malignant|insufficient was 3/2| 2/2| 3/2| 3/2 respectively. The physician and anatomical site are significant predictors of MLN-FNA pathology.