bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shared and unique effects of ApoEε4 and pathogenic gene mutation on cognition and imaging in preclinical familial Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Quan Meina , Wang Qi , Qin Wei , Wang Wei , Li Fangyu , Zhao Tan , Li Tingting , Qiu Qiongqiong , Cao Shuman , Wang Shiyuan , Wang Yan , Jin Hongmei , Zhou Aihong , Fang Jiliang , Jia Longfei , Jia Jianping 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Neuropsychology and imaging changes have been reported in the preclinical stage of familial Alzheimer’s disease (FAD). This study investigated the effects of APOEε4 and known pathogenic gene mutation on different cognitive domains and circuit imaging markers in preclinical FAD.

Methods
One hundred thirty-nine asymptomatic subjects in FAD families, including 26 APOEε4 carriers, 17 APP and 20 PS1 mutation carriers, and 76 control subjects, went through a series of neuropsychological tests and MRI scanning. Test scores and imaging measures including volumes, diffusion indices, and functional connectivity (FC) of frontostriatal and hippocampus to posterior cingulate cortex pathways were compared between groups and analyzed for correlation.

Results
Compared with controls, the APOEε4 group showed increased hippocampal volume and decreased FC of fronto-caudate pathway. The APP group showed increased recall scores in auditory verbal learning test, decreased fiber number, and increased radial diffusivity and FC of frontostriatal pathway. All three genetic groups showed decreased fractional anisotropy of hippocampus to posterior cingulate cortex pathway. These neuropsychological and imaging measures were able to discriminate genetic groups from controls, with areas under the curve from 0.733 to 0.837. Circuit imaging measures are differentially associated with scores in various cognitive scales in control and genetic groups.

Conclusions
There are neuropsychological and imaging changes in the preclinical stage of FAD, some of which are shared by APOEε4 and known pathogenic gene mutation, while some are unique to different genetic groups. These findings are helpful for the early identification of Alzheimer’s disease and for developing generalized and individualized prevention and intervention strategies.
On solutions of a hybrid generalized Caputo-type problem via the noncompactness measure in the generalized version of Darbo’s criterion
Authors: Adjimi Naas , Boutiara Abdellatif , Samei Mohammad Esmael , Etemad Sina , Rezapour Shahram , Kaabar Mohammed K. A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this manuscript, we study the existence and uniqueness of solutions for a new neutral hybrid nonlinear differential equation in the context of a fractional generalized operator in the sense of ψ-Caputo. To emphasize the novelty of the manuscript, a pure technique of the noncompactness measures is applied to a hybrid system based on the notion of the modulus of continuity in Darbo’s criterion that covers the existing results of other works published before. The Ulam–Hyers and generalized Ulam–Hyers stabilities are explored for the given neutral nonhybrid nonlinear problem. An application is prepared in the framework of an example to ensure the validity of theorems for different cases.
Special functions and multi-stability of the Jensen type random operator equation in $C^{*}$-algebras via fixed point
Authors: Rezaei Aderyani Safoura , Saadati Reza , Li Chenkuan , Rassias Themistocles M. , Park Choonkil 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we apply some special functions to introduce a new class of control functions that help us define the concept of multi-stability. Further, we investigate the multi-stability of homomorphisms in $C^{*}$

C
∗

-algebras and Lie $C^{*}$

C
∗

-algebras, multi-stability of derivations in $C^{*}$

C
∗

-algebras, and Lie $C^{*}$

C
∗

-algebras for the following random operator equation via fixed point methods: $$ \mu f \biggl(\eth , \frac{x+y}{2} \biggr) + \mu f \biggl(\eth , \frac{x-y}{2} \biggr) = f(\eth , \mu x) . $$
μ
f

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x
+
y

2

)

+
μ
f

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ð
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x
−
y

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=
f
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,
μ
x
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.
In particular, for $\mu = 1$
μ
=
1
, the above equation turns out to be Jensen’s random operator equation.
Global distribution of functionally important CYP2C9 alleles and their inferred metabolic consequences
Authors: Zhou Yitian , Nevosadová Lenka , Eliasson Erik , Lauschke Volker M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Genetic variability in the cytochrome P450 CYP2C9 constitutes an important predictor for efficacy and safety of various commonly prescribed drugs, including coumarin anticoagulants, phenytoin and multiple non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). A global map of CYP2C9 variability and its inferred functional consequences has been lacking.

Results
Frequencies of eight functionally relevant CYP2C9 alleles (*2, *3, *5, *6, *8, *11, *13 and *14) were analyzed. In total, 108 original articles were identified that included genotype data from a total of 81,662 unrelated individuals across 70 countries and 40 unique ethnic groups. The results revealed that CYP2C9*2 was most abundant in Europe and the Middle East, whereas CYP2C9*3 was the main reason for reduced CYP2C9 activity across South Asia. Our data show extensive variation within superpopulations with up to tenfold differences between geographically adjacent populations in Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam. Translation of genetic CYP2C9 variability into functional consequences indicates that up to 40% of patients in Southern Europe and the Middle East might benefit from warfarin and phenytoin dose reductions, while 3% of patients in Southern Europe and Israel are recommended to reduce starting doses of NSAIDs.

Conclusions
This study provides a comprehensive map of the genetic and functional variability of CYP2C9 with high ethnogeographic resolution. The presented data can serve as a useful resource for CYP2C9 allele and phenotype frequencies and might guide the optimization of genotyping strategies, particularly for indigenous and founder populations with distinct genetic profiles.
Mental capacity in practice part 2: capacity and the suicidal patient
Authors: Beale Chloe , Lee-Davey James , Lee Tennyson , Ruck Keene Alex 
Published: February 2023

SUMMARYThis article is the second of two looking at assessment of mental capacity in clinical practice. In it, we explore capacity assessments in the context of suicidal thoughts and acts. The laws governing doctors’ responsibility to suicidal patients in England and Wales are poorly understood, with tensions at the interface between the Mental Health Act 1983 (MHA) and the Mental Capacity Act 2005 (MCA). Dynamics of the clinical encounter (including the countertransference) further exacerbate uncertainty about how clinicians should balance patients’ autonomy with protection of life. We use a case example of a patient presenting with suicidality to describe good practice, based on a balance of legal and clinical principles and up-to-date case law. We discuss the difficulty in applying the MCA in relation to patients who appear to lack a consistent and coherent sense of self and others and consider whether the MCA is fit for purpose in determining whether someone with a personality disorder diagnosis should be permitted to end their own life.
Cancer Genetic Services in a Low- to Middle-Income Country: Cross-Sectional Survey Assessing Willingness to Undergo and Pay for Germline Genetic Testing
Authors: Adejumo Prisca O. , Aniagwu Toyin I.G. , Awolude Olutosin A. , Adedokun Babatunde , Kochheiser Makayla , Sowunmi Anthonia , Popoola Abiodun , Ojengbede Oladosu , Huo Dezheng , Olopade Olufunmilayo I. 
Published: February 2023

PURPOSE Cancer genetic testing (CGT), a pathway to personalized medicine, is also being embraced in Nigeria. However, little is known about the influence of demographics and perceptions on individuals' willingness to access and pay for CGT. This study assessed patients' willingness to undergo CGT in southwest Nigeria as a catalyst for sustainable Cancer Risk Management Program. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study using semistructured questionnaire to interview 362 patients with cancer and 10 referred first-degree relatives between July 2018 and February 2020. Participants from three Nigerian teaching hospitals—University College Hospital, Ibadan, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, and Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, received genetic counseling and had subsequent CGT. Primary outcomes were willingness to undergo CGT in determining cancer risk and the willingness to pay for it. Ethical approval was from appropriate ethics committees of participating hospitals. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 22. Univariate comparison of categorical variables was performed by χ2 test, multivariate analysis by logistic regression. RESULTS The participants from University College Hospital (56.2%), Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (26.3%), and Lagos University Teaching Hospital (17.5%) were mostly female (98.4%). Mean age was 48.8 years ± 11.79. Three hundred twenty-two (86.6%) patients and first-degree relatives were willing to take the test, of whom 231 (71.1%) were willing to pay for it. more than half (53.6%) of the participants were willing to pay between N10,000 and N30,000, which is less than $100 US dollars. Sociodemographic variables and willingness to test showed no association ( P > .05). Education and ethnicity were found to be associated with their willingness to pay for CGT ( P ≤ .05). CONCLUSION Learning clinically relevant details toward cancer prevention informs health-related decisions in patients and relatives, a motivator for willingness to pay for genetic testing in low- and middle-income countries. Increased awareness may influence outcomes of cancer risk management.
Anti-GD2 Antibody Dinutuximab Beta and Low-Dose Interleukin 2 After Haploidentical Stem-Cell Transplantation in Patients With Relapsed Neuroblastoma: A Multicenter, Phase I/II Trial
Authors: Flaadt Tim , Ladenstein Ruth L. , Ebinger Martin , Lode Holger N. , Arnardóttir Helga Björk , Poetschger Ulrike , Schwinger Wolfgang , Meisel Roland , Schuster Friedhelm R. , Döring Michaela , Ambros Peter F. , Queudeville Manon , Fuchs Jörg , Warmann Steven W. , Schäfer Jürgen , Seitz Christian , Schlegel Patrick , Brecht Ines B. , Holzer Ursula , Feuchtinger Tobias , Simon Thorsten , Schulte Johannes H. , Eggert Angelika , Teltschik Heiko-Manuel , Illhardt Toni , Handgretinger Rupert , Lang Peter 
Published: February 2023

PURPOSEPatients with relapsed high-risk neuroblastoma (rHR-NB) have a poor prognosis. We hypothesized that graft-versus-neuroblastoma effects could be elicited by transplantation of haploidentical stem cells (haplo-SCT) exploiting cytotoxic functions of natural killer cells and their activation by the anti-GD2 antibody dinutuximab beta (DB). This phase I/II trial assessed safety, feasibility, and outcomes of immunotherapy with DB plus subcutaneous interleukin-2 (scIL2) after haplo-SCT in patients with rHR-NB.METHODSPatients age 1-21 years underwent T-/B-cell–depleted haplo-SCT followed by DB and scIL2. The primary end point ‘success of treatment’ encompassed patients receiving six cycles, being alive 180 days after end of trial treatment without progressive disease, unacceptable toxicity, acute graft-versus-host-disease (GvHD) ≥grade 3, or extensive chronic GvHD.RESULTSSeventy patients were screened, and 68 were eligible for immunotherapy. Median number of DB cycles was 6 (range, 1-9). Median number of scIL2 cycles was 3 (1−6). The primary end point was met by 37 patients (54.4%). Median observation time was 7.8 years. Five-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival from start of trial treatment were 43% (95% CI, 31 to 55) and 53% (95% CI, 41 to 65), respectively. Five-year EFS among patients in complete remission (CR; 52%; 95% CI, 31 to 69) or partial remission (44%; 95% CI, 27 to 60) before immunotherapy were significantly better compared with patients with nonresponse/mixed response/progressive disease (13%; 95% CI, 1 to 42; P = .026). Overall response rate in 43 patients with evidence of disease after haplo-SCT was 51% (22 patients), with 15 achieving CR (35%). Two patients developed GvHD grade 2 and 3 each. No unexpected adverse events occurred.CONCLUSIONDB therapy after haplo-SCT in patients with rHR-NB is feasible, with low risk of inducing GvHD, and results in long-term remissions likely attributable to increased antineuroblastoma activity by donor-derived effector cells.
Multi-source localization on complex networks based on community detection
Authors: Yuan Shunjie , Liu Wenyu , Zeng Hefeng , Wang Chao 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Source localization is a crucial task on complex networks to understand the transmission mechanism and eliminate the malignant influence of diffusion processes. The previous works mainly detect multiple sources from a global perspective within a network. In this paper, we introduce community detection to source localization, aiming to address source localization from a local view. Specifically, a community detection-based multi-source localization method CDSL is proposed. Experiments on both several real-world and synthetic networks demonstrate that CDSL has higher accuracy and needs less runtime than the existing source localization methods. We also explore how different observation selection strategies affect the performance of CDSL and find out that selecting the nodes with a small degree as observers performs best.
Application of percolation model in spreading dynamics driven by social networks big data
Authors: Li Cong , Xie Jiarong , Wang Jinghui , Zeng Yutian , Zhou Tianshou , Zhang Xiyun , Hu Yanqing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSpreading dynamics is a common yet sophisticated phenomenon in real life, and percolation theory is widely applied in analysis of this dynamics due to its conciseness and efficiency. With the development of information technology, the quality and quantity of available data are being improved. Although this offers a chance to describe and understand empirical spreading phenomena more comprehensively and accurately, complicated dynamics brought by massive data pose new challenges to the study of social contagion based on percolation theory. In this prospective, we show, by analyzing examples, how the percolation theory is used to describe the information transmission on social networks driven by big data. We also explore the indirect influence mechanism behind the spread of scientific research behavior, and develop a new algorithm to quantify the global influence of nodes from the local topology. Finally, we propose, based on these example studies, several possible new directions of percolation theory in the study of social contagion driven by big data.
An appearance of classical matter from the self-organizing process of quantum systems
Authors: Shushi Tomer 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We present a quantum effect where matter follows the classical Hamilton-Jacobi equation, which emerges from quantum systems with Riemannian structures, as in standard quantum systems such as semiconductor heterostructures, quantum plasmas, and quantum dots. The proposed effect is derived from solving a standard elliptic partial differential equation of the radial part of the wave function, which is equivalent to a vanished quantum potential of the system. We then analyze such an effect and examine how the classical matter tends to be denser at the boundary region of the system when the quantum system is given in a finite region in space. While the proposed effect is derived from the hydrodynamical formulation of quantum mechanics, the results are free from any interpretation of quantum mechanics.
Plasma Advanced Glycation End Products and Dicarbonyl Compounds Are Not Associated with Coronary Atherosclerosis in Athletes
Authors: BERGE KRISTIAN , AENGEVAEREN VINCENT L. , MOSTERD AREND , VELTHUIS BIRGITTA K. , LYNGBAKKEN MAGNUS N. , OMLAND TORBJØRN , SCHALKWIJK CASPER G. , EIJSVOGELS THIJS M. H. 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Coronary atherosclerosis is the leading cause of sudden death among athletes >35 yr old, but current cardiovascular risk prediction algorithms have not been validated for athletes. Advanced glycation end products (AGE) and dicarbonyl compounds have been associated with atherosclerosis and rupture-prone plaques in patients and ex vivo studies. The detection of AGE and dicarbonyl compounds might be a novel screening tool for high-risk coronary atherosclerosis in older athletes.

Methods
Concentrations of three different AGE and the dicarbonyl compounds methylglyoxal, glyoxal, and 3-deoxyglucosone were measured in plasma with ultraperformance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in athletes from the Measuring Athletes’ Risk of Cardiovascular Events 2 study cohort. Coronary plaques, plaque characteristics (calcified, noncalcified or mixed), and coronary artery calcium (CAC) scores were assessed with coronary computed tomography, and potential associations with AGE and dicarbonyl compounds were analyzed using linear and logistic regression.

Results
A total of 289 men were included (60 [quartiles 1–3 = 56–66] yr old, body mass index = 24.5 [22.9–26.6] kg·m−2), with a weekly exercise volume of 41 (25–57) MET-hours. Coronary plaques were detected in 241 participants (83%), with a dominant plaque type of calcified plaques in 42%, noncalcified plaques in 12% and mixed plaques in 21%. No AGE or dicarbonyl compounds were associated with total number of plaques or any of the plaque characteristics in adjusted analyses. Similarly, AGE and dicarbonyl compounds were not associated with CAC score.

Conclusions
Concentrations of plasma AGE and dicarbonyl compounds do not predict the presence of coronary plaques, plaque characteristics or CAC scores, in middle-age and older athletes.
Acacia mangium: A promising plant for isolating anti-hepatitis C virus agents
Authors: Wahyuni Tutik Sri , Sukma Nida S. , Permanasari Adita A. , Aoki-Utsubo Chie , Widyawaruyanti Aty , Hafid Achmad Fuad 
Published: February 2023

Background: Medicinal plants have been demonstrated to possess various pharmacological effects including anti-hepatitis C virus. Acacia mangium is one of the Acacia genus that contain with various metabolites. The metaboilites play an important role for antiviral activities. The current study examined the anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) activities of Acacia mangium extracts in solvents with various polarities and further evaluated the mechanism of action of the extracts on the protein virus and combination treatment models. Methods: Anti-hepatitis C virus activities was conducted by in vitro culture cells of Huh 7it both in a single or combination treatment. Further examined its NS3 protein inhibition was evaluated by western blotting assay. Results: The results revealed the strong anti-HCV activities of the extracts. The 50% inhibition concentrations (IC50s) of the ethanol, n-hexane, dichloromethane and methanol extracts were of 4.6 ± 0.3, 2.9 ± 0.2, 0.2 ± 0.3, and 2.8 ± 0.2 μg/mL, respectively, and no cytotoxic effect was detected. These extracts displayed stronger effects than the positive control ribavirin. The mode of action of the ethanol extract was evaluated at 30 µg/mL, revealing that the inhibitory effect was stronger on the post-entry step than on the entry step. Western blotting revealed that the extracts decreased NS3 protein expression, indicating that virus replication was suppressed. Further evaluation illustrated that combined treatment with the ethanol extract enhanced the anti-viral activity of simeprevir. Conclusions: These results indicated that A. mangium leaves could represent sources of anti-HCV agents.
Implementing patient-centred outcome measures in palliative care clinical practice for adults (IMPCOM): Protocol for an update systematic review of facilitators and barriers
Authors: Antunes Bárbara , Barclay Stephen , Kuhn Isla , Eagar Kathy , Bausewein Claudia , Murtagh Fliss , Etkind Simon , Bowers Ben , Dixon Sarah , Lovick Roberta , Harding Richard , Higginson Irene , Shokraneh Dr Farhad 
Published: February 2023

Background: Despite the development of patient-centred or patient-reported outcome measures (PCOMs or PROMs) in palliative and end-of-life care over recent years, their routine use in practice faces continuing challenges. Objective: To update a highly cited literature review, identify and synthesise new evidence on facilitators, barriers, lessons learned, PCOMs used, models of implementation, implementation outcomes, costs, and consequences of implementing PCOMs in palliative care clinical practice. Methods: We will search MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Embase, Emcare, SCI-Expanded, SSCI, ESCI, and BNI. The database search will be supplemented by a list of studies from the expert advisory committee, hand-searching of reference lists for included articles, and citations of the original review. We will include primary studies using a PCOM during clinical care of adult patients with advanced disease in palliative care settings and extract data on reported models of implementation, PCOMs, facilitators, barriers, lessons learned, costs, and implementation outcomes. Gough’s Weight of Evidence Framework will be used to assess the robustness and relevance of the studies. We will narratively synthesise and tabulate the findings. This review will follow PRISMA, PRISMA-Abstract, PRISMA-P, and PRISMA-Search as the reporting guidelines. Source of funding: Marie Curie. The funder is not involved in designing or conducting this study. Protocol registration: CRD42023398653 (13/02/2023)
Exploring the experiences of people who had a stroke and therapists who managed people with stroke during the COVID-19 pandemic: An exploratory qualitative study
Authors: Sahely Ahmad , Kai Ning Hew Shara , Ka Chan Yik , Soundy Andrew , Rosewilliam Sheeba 
Published: February 2023

Objective
To explore experiences, needs and rehabilitation priorities of patients who had their stroke and the experiences of therapists managing stroke patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design
Exploratory qualitative study.

Setting
Acute, sub-acute and community stroke facilities.

Subjects
Twenty-two participants. Twelve therapists (all female, mean age 38.5 years) and ten patients (9 female, mean age 51.1 years) who were involved in stroke rehabilitation during the pandemic were interviewed.

Methods
Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted. Interviews were recorded and transcribed before being analysed using a reflexive thematic analysis approach.

Results
Four main themes demonstrate the modifications in the care system as a result of COVID-19, impact on the stroke patients at different stage, needs and priorities of stroke rehabilitation, and management strategies that have been used in stroke rehabilitation. Remote rehabilitation and self-management strategies were recommended to deliver care for stroke patients. However, therapists seemed unsatisfied with the quality of care delivered and patients suggested face to face delivery of care with proper personal protection equipment to better address their physical and mental health needs.

Conclusion
The findings of this study explored the impact of the pandemic on stroke care from the perspective of the patients and therapists and provides suggestions for improved delivery of care in similar situations. Future research is warranted to examine the long-term effects on people who had inadequate post-stroke rehabilitation during covid pandemic and urgent measures taken to reduce the impact the pandemic has had on the physical and mental issues for these patients.