bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Permanent, long-acting and short-acting reversible contraceptive methods use among women in Bangladesh: an analysis of Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2017–2018 data
Authors: Sharif Azaz Bin , Hasan Md Tamzid , Naziat Md. Habib , Zerin Tahmina , Kundu Satyajit 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesThis study aims to explore the factors associated with the permanent and long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) method use compared with short-acting reversible contraceptive (SARC) methods among Bangladeshi ever-married women aged 15−49 years.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingWe used data from Bangladesh Demographic Health Survey (BDHS) 2017–2018.ParticipantsA total of 9669 Bangladeshi reproductive-aged women who gave information on contraception use were the study participants. A multilevel multinomial logistic regression model was employed where the SARC method was considered as the base category and the cluster was considered as level-2 factor.ResultsAmong the contraceptive users in Bangladeshi women, about 83.48% used the SARC method, while 11.34%, and 5.18% used permanent and LARC methods, respectively. Compared with SARC, women with no formal education and only primary education who were non-Muslims, and had parity of ≥3 had a higher likelihood of using both permanent and LARC methods. Women from the age group of 25–34 years (adjusted relative risk ratio (aRRR): 7.03, 95% CI: 4.17 to 11.85) and 35–49 years (aRRR: 12.53, 95% CI: 7.27 to 21.58) who were employed (aRRR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.40), had media access (aRRR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.03 to 1.49), gave birth in last 5 years (aRRR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.76), whose contraception decision solely made by their husband (aRRR: 7.03, 95% CI: 5.15 to 9.60) and having high decision-making power (aRRR: 2.12, 95% CI: 1.62 to 2.77) were more likely to use permanent contraceptive methods. We observed that women from households with richer (aRRR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.45 to 0.93) and richest (aRRR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.23 to 0.63) wealth quintiles were less likely to use LARC methods.ConclusionsThis study identified that women with no/less education, non-Muslims, and having parity of ≥3 were more likely to use both permanent and LARC methods than SARC methods. Targeted interventions could be developed and implemented to promote personalised contraceptive use.
SuPreme Study: a protocol to study the neuroprotective potential of sulfate among very/extremely preterm infants
Authors: Hurrion Elizabeth M , Badawi Nadia , Boyd Roslyn N , Morgan Catherine , Gibbons Kristen , Hennig Stefanie , Koorts Pieter , Chauhan Manbir , Bowling Francis , Flenady Vicki , Kumar Sailesh , Dawson Paul A 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionAntenatal maternal magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) administration is a proven efficacious neuroprotective treatment reducing the risk of cerebral palsy (CP) among infants born preterm. Identification of the neuroprotective component with target plasma concentrations could lead to neonatal treatment with greater efficacy and accessibility.Methods and analysisThis is a prospective observational cohort study, in three tertiary Australian centres. Participants are preterm infants, irrespective of antenatal MgSO4exposure, born in 2013–2020 at 24+0to 31+6weeks gestation, and followed up to 2 years corrected age (CA) (to September 2023). 1595 participants are required (allowing for 17% deaths/loss to follow-up) to detect a clinically significant reduction (30% relative risk reduction) in CP when sulfate concentration at 7 days of age is 1 SD above the mean.A blood sample is collected on day 7 of age for plasma sulfate and magnesium measurement. In a subset of participants multiple blood and urine samples are collected for pharmacokinetic studies, between days 1–28, and in a further subset mother/infant blood is screened for genetic variants of sulfate transporter genes.The primary outcome is CP. Surviving infants are assessed for high risk of CP at 12–14 weeks CA according to Prechtl’s Method to assess General Movements. Follow-up at 2 years CA includes assessments for CP, cognitive, language and motor development, and social/behavioural difficulties.Multivariate analyses will examine the association between day 7 plasma sulfate/magnesium concentrations with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. A population pharmacokinetic model for sulfate in the preterm infant will be created using non-linear mixed-effects modelling.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by Mater Misericordiae Ltd Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC/14/MHS/188). Results will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journal publications, and provided to the funding bodies. Using consumer input, a summary will be prepared for participants and consumer groups.
Soluble CD163 and glycated haemoglobin were independently associated with the progression of diabetic retinopathy in adult patients with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Hector Sven , Thulesius Hans Olav , Landin-Olsson Mona , Hillman Magnus , Melin Eva Olga 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveHigh vitreous levels of soluble (s)CD163 have been demonstrated in severe diabetic retinopathy (DR). The aim of this study was to explore the predictive values of plasma sCD163 and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) for DR progression in adults with type 1 diabetes.Methods and analysesThe study design was prospective. Fundus photography performed in 2009 and at follow-up (≤12 years later) were compared after being categorised according to the International Clinical Diabetic Retinopathy Disease Severity Scale. ‘DR progression at least one level’ was calculated. In 2009, data collection (sex, age, diabetes duration, metabolic variables, serum creatinine, macroalbuminuria and lifestyle factors) and biochemical analyses were performed. Plasma sCD163 and HbA1c were divided into quartiles. Logistic regression analyses were performed.ResultsThe prevalence of DR in 2009 versus at follow-up in 270 participants (57% male) were: no apparent 28% vs 18%; mild 20% vs 13%; moderate 24% vs 26%; severe 11% vs 13%; and proliferative DR 17% vs 30% (p<0.001). DR progression occurred in 101 (45%) patients. HbA1c ≥54 mmol/mol (≥7.1%) (>1st quartile) (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 3.8, p<0.001) and sCD163 ≥343 ng/mL (>1st quartile) (AOR 2.6, p=0.004) were independently associated with DR progression. The associations with DR progression increased significantly from the first to the fourth quartile for HbA1c (AORs: 1; 2.5; 3.6; 7.4), but not for sCD163 (AORs: 1; 2.9; 2.4; 2.4).ConclusionPlasma sCD163 may constitute a valuable biomarker for DR progression in addition to and independent of the well-established biomarker HbA1c.
Provision of care for children with medical complexity in tertiary hospitals in England: qualitative interviews with health professionals
Authors: McLorie Emma Victoria , Fraser Lorna , Hackett Julia 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundDue to medical and technological advancements, children with medical complexity are a growing population. Although previous research has identified models of care and experiences when caring for this population, the majority are the USA or Canadian based. Therefore, the aim was to identify models of care for children with medical complexity and barriers and facilitators to delivering high-quality care for this population from a ‘free at point of care’ national health service.MethodQualitative semistructured interviews were conducted with hospital clinicians across England and analysed using a thematic framework approach.ResultsThirty-seven clinicians from 11 hospital sites were interviewed. In 6 of the hospital sites, there were 14 services identified. Majority of services had a variety of components, some shared and some unique to the individual service. Clinicians faced barriers and facilitators when caring for this population as demonstrated across five categories.ConclusionsThere is limited guidance and evidence on the most effective and efficient models for providing care for this population. It is not possible to determine what a service should look like as there is no consensus on the most appropriate model of care as shown in this study. Due to their complex needs, this population require coordination to ensure high standards of care. However, this was not always possible as clinicians faced barriers such as time constraints, silo thinking and a lack of available housing.
How frequent is routine use of probiotics in UK neonatal units?
Authors: Patel Neaha ,   NeoTRIPS Collaborative Group, Evans Katie , Berrington Janet , Szatkowski Lisa , Costeloe Kate , Ojha Shalini , Fleming Paul , Battersby Cheryl 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveThere is a lack of UK guidance regarding routine use of probiotics in preterm infants to prevent necrotising enterocolitis, late-onset sepsis and death. As practices can vary, we aimed to determine the current usage of probiotics within neonatal units in the UK.Design and settingUsing NeoTRIPS, a trainee-led neonatal research network, an online survey was disseminated to neonatal units of all service levels within England, Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales in 2022. Trainees were requested to complete one survey per unit regarding routine probiotic administration.Results161 of 188 (86%) neonatal units responded to the survey. 70 of 161 (44%) respondents routinely give probiotics to preterm infants. 45 of 70 (64%) use the probiotic productLactobacillus acidophilusNCFM/Bifidobacterium bifidumBb-06/B. infantisBi-26 (Labinic™). 57 of 70 (81%) start probiotics in infants ≤32 weeks’ gestation. 33 of 70 (47%) had microbiology departments that were aware of the use of probiotics and 64 of 70 (91%) had a guideline available. Commencing enteral feeds was a prerequisite to starting probiotics in 62 of 70 (89%) units. The majority would stop probiotics if enteral feeds were withheld (59 of 70; 84%) or if the infant was being treated for necrotising enterocolitis (69 of 70; 99%). 24 of 91 (26%) units that did not use probiotics at the time of the survey were planning to introduce them within the next 12 months.ConclusionsMore than 40% of all UK neonatal units that responded are now routinely administering probiotics, with variability in the product used. With increased probiotic usage in recent years, there is a need to establish whether this translates to improved clinical outcomes.
Microwave electrometry with bichromatic electromagnetically induced transparency in Rydberg atoms
Authors: Han Mingzhi , Hao He , Song Xiaoyun , Yin Zheng , Parniak Michal , Jia Zhengmao , Peng Yandong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA scheme for measuring microwave (MW) electric (E) fields is proposed based on bichromatic electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in Rydberg atoms. A bichromatic control field drives the excited state transition, whose absorption shows three EIT windows. When a MW field drives the Rydberg transition, the EIT windows split and six transmission peaks appear. It is interesting to find that the peak-to-peak distance of transmission spectrum is sensitive to the MW field strength, which can be used to measure MW E-field. Simulation results show that the spectral resolution could be increased by about 4 times, and the minimum detectable strength of the MW E-field may be improved by about 3 times compared with the common EIT scheme. After the Doppler averaging, the minimum detectable MW E-field strength is about 5 times larger than that without Doppler effect. Also, we investigate other effects on the sensitivity of the system.
Revival of oscillations via weighted average feedback
Authors: Shi Dongxin , Xiao Yuzhu , Song Xueli , Zhao Nannan 
Published: July 2023

Experimental studies have shown that many natural and artificial systems need to maintain stable oscillations during application, but the occurrence of oscillation quenching phenomenon will destroy the oscillation activity of the system and hinder the normal operation of the system. In this paper, to solve the important problem of oscillation quenching leading to system paralysis, the weighted average function of oscillators is applied to each oscillator as an external feedback, which is an extension of the mean-field feedback [N. Zhao and Z. Sun, Int. J. Bifurcation Chaos 30, 2050094 (2020)]. Taking the Stuart–Landau oscillators with the identical and nonidentical frequencies as examples, respectively, we find that the weighted average feedback is better than the previously proposed mean-field feedback in eliminating oscillation quenching with different coupling scenarios. Especially, when the weight is 0 or 1, that is, when a single oscillator is used as the feedback, the weighted average feedback is highly efficient in reviving oscillation. Our results provide a more convenient method to overcome these quenching states of coupled systems, and broaden the practical applications with respect to revoking rhythmic oscillations via external feedback in nature and real life.
Empirical record, geochronology and theoretical determinates of Mesozoic climate in the Junggar Basin, NW China, in relation to other basins in NE China
Authors: Olsen Paul E. , Sha Jingeng , Fang Yanan , Chang Clara , Kent Dennis V. , Vajda Vivi , Whiteside Jessica H. , Kinney Sean T. , Lampert Alissa , MacLennan Scott A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Mesozoic continental basins of northern China, including the Junggar Basin, provide some of the most spectacular and important fossil assemblages in the world, but their climatic and environmental contexts have been shrouded in uncertainty. Here we examine the main factors that determine those contexts: palaeolatitude; the effects of changing atmospheric gases on the radiative balance; and orbitally paced variations in insolation. Empirical evidence of these factors is accumulating rapidly and promises to upend many long-standing paradigms. We focus primarily on the Junggar Basin in Xinjiang, NW China, with the renowned Shishugou Biota, and the basins in Liaoning, Hebei and Inner Mongolia with their famous Jehol and Yanliao biotas. Accurate geochronology is necessary to disentangle these various factors, and we review the Late Triassic to Early Cretaceous U–Pb ages for these areas and supply a new laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry age for the otherwise un-dated Sangonghe Formation of Early Jurassic age. We review climate-sensitive facies patterns in North China and show that the climatic context changed synchronously in northwestern and northeastern China consistent with a previously proposed huge Late Jurassic–earliest Cretaceous true polar wander event, with all the major plates of East Asia docked with Siberia and moving together since at least the Triassic when the North China basins were at Arctic latitudes. We conclude that this true polar wander shift was responsible for the coal beds and ice-rafted debris being produced at high latitudes and the red beds and aeolian strata being deposited at low latitudes within the same basin. The climatic and taphonomic context in which the famous Shishugou, Yanliao and Jehol biotas were preserved was thus a function of true polar wander, as opposed to local tectonics or climate change.
Body Composition, Relative Dose Intensity, and Adverse Events among Patients with Colon Cancer
Authors: Cheng En , Caan Bette J. , Cawthon Peggy M. , Evans William J. , Hellerstein Marc K. , Shankaran Mahalakshmi , Nyangau Edna , Campbell Kristin L. , Lee Catherine , Binder Alexandra M. , Meyerhardt Jeffrey A. , Schmitz Kathryn H. , Cespedes Feliciano Elizabeth M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background:
Despite evidence that low muscle increases the risk of chemotoxicity, most chemotherapies are dosed on body surface area without considering body composition. Among 178 patients with colon cancer, we assessed muscle and adipose tissue with multiple techniques and examined their associations with relative dose intensity (RDI) and adverse events.

Methods:
We estimated (i) cross-sectional skeletal muscle area (SMA) and total adipose tissue (TAT) area at L3 from computed tomography (CT); (ii) appendicular lean mass (ALM) and total body fat (TBF) mass from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA); and (iii) total body skeletal muscle mass using D3-creatine (D3Cr) dilution. We standardized each measurement by its sex-specific standard deviation (SD). The primary outcome was reduced RDI (RDI &lt;85%). The secondary outcome was the number of moderate and severe adverse events during each cycle of chemotherapy. We estimated the associations of muscle and adipose tissue measurements (per SD increase) with reduced RDI using logistic regression and adverse events using generalized estimating equations for repeated measures.

Results:
Higher CT SMA and DXA ALM were significantly associated with a lower risk of reduced RDI [odds ratios: 0.56 (0.38–0.81) for CT SMA; 0.56 (0.37–0.84) for DXA ALM]. No measurements of muscle or adipose tissue were associated with adverse events.

Conclusions:
More muscle was associated with improved chemotherapy completion among patients with colon cancer, whereas muscle and adipose tissue were not associated with adverse events.

Impact:
Considering body composition may help personalize dosing for colon cancer chemotherapy by identifying patients at risk for poor chemotherapy outcomes.
Field oriented controlled permanent magnet synchronous motor drive for an electric vehicle
Authors: Dong Chau Si Thien , Le Hoang Huy , Vo Hau Huu 
Published: July 2023

<span lang="EN-US">The paper describes field oriented control strategy with space vector pulse width modulation technique of permanent magnet synchronous motor drive system for an electric vehicle. At first, mathematical models of the motor and the drive system for electric vehicle are presented. In order to obtain high performance drive and maximum motor torque, field oriented control strategy and space vector pulse width modulation technique method are applied to drive system in next section. Speed controller design utilizing the popular zero-pole elimination approach causes large integral constant time in case of small rotational damping constant. The desired-transient-response-based approach is employed to overcome the problem. Performance indices include overshoot, undershoot, steady-state speed error, and total harmonic distortion of stator current, are employed to assess the drive systems with two speed controller design methods. Theoretical assumptions are confirmed via simulations and criteria in MATLAB/Simulink environment.</span>
Performance enhancement of distance relay in presence of unified power flow controller
Authors: Al-Kaoaz Hiba Nadhim A. , Alsammak Ahmed Nasser B. 
Published: July 2023

The characteristics of the distance relay are devised based on online and fault impedance. The relay uses fault information to react to the expected state; however, integrating the grid with a unified power flow controller (UPFC) might stop the relay from fault-triggered operations, requiring altered relay characteristics. Building relay tripping parameters are among the critical challenges that must be addressed for transmission line distance relays because current transmission networks face higher stress regarding power system operation. Furthermore, the use of flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) instruments at the transmission level adversely affects distance relay performance due to impedance differences. The UPFC is among the essential FACTS instruments; it comprises shunt and series converters to alter the apparent relay impedance; hence, it was considered for this study, where a test system during fault was assessed to demonstrate the output of the distance relay before and after using the UPFC. MATLAB was used to build scenarios demonstrating the effect of a UPFC located in the transmission line's midsection or end or not using the UPFC. This research offers an analytical technique to determine the probable effects of UPFC on distance relay characteristics. The outcomes provide new relay characteristics for several fault resistances and locations for fault-specific impedance trajectory reactions.
A novel multi-port SEPIC converter with grid-tie system for hybrid power generation
Authors: Jayaprakash Supriya , Siddamallaiah Rajashekar Jangam 
Published: July 2023

<span lang="EN-US">As the load demand continues to rise on a daily basis, there will be an increased requirement for sources of renewable energy. When compared to the building of an entire power system, the cost of distributed generation, also known as DG, is significantly lower, which makes it a useful tool for fulfilling the demand for electricity. However, these DG are built utilizing renewable energy, which by their very nature is intermittent in its output. As a result, hybrid power generation, which draws power from a variety of sources, is employed to meet the demand for electricity. There are many multiport converters available but they use more number of components which causes complexity and increase in size. And as there are many devices there are possibility stability in the power generation may take time. A brand-new multi-port single ended primary inductor converter (MP-SEPIC), sometimes known as an MP-SEPIC, is proposed in this article. Connecting the photovoltaic (PV), wind, and fuel cell systems is done in order to evaluate the performance of the MP-SEPIC converter. A comparison is made between the standard multi-port boost converter and the suggested MP-SEPIC, the MATLAB simulation is carried out for the purpose of validating the proposed system.</span>
Las minidiscos y las fiestas temáticas de princesas en salones de festejo infantil de la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina
Authors: Castro Cecilia 
Published: July 2023

Este artículo analiza la producción y el consumo de festejos de cumpleaños infantiles en salones de la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina; que, como parte del circuito de diversión, ofrecían al público en estos espacios, experimentar una minidisco y fiestas temáticas de princesas. El análisis del montaje de ambas experiencias, mercantilizadas por parte de sus productores y consumidores, se apoyó en un trabajo etnográfico que transcurrió en salones de celebración infantil durante el período 2012-2017, dando como resultado un trabajo de tesis doctoral. Luego de presentar las trayectorias de las y los jóvenes que se ocupaban del divertimento, el escrito avanza en la descripción de las características de ambos tipos de celebración permitiendo trazar puntos de encuentro y diferencias entre los modos de gestionar los estados anímicos. Según se concluye, en dichas fiestas se reproducía la lógica de la oposición binaria entre lo masculino y femenino, asimismo, algunas infancias encontraban intersticios para subvertirla.