bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of life of diabetes patients in North India
Authors: Kaur Anuroop , Saini Sushma Kumari , Kaur Gunjeet , Prinja Shankar 
Published: April 2023

Background:
India is witnessing a dramatic rise in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus. In this study, quality of life (QOL) of patients with diabetes and its determinants were assessed. Second, the valuation of QOL using different methods of measurement was examined.

Methods:
A community-based survey comprising 306 adults diagnosed with diabetes was undertaken in an urban slum area of Chandigarh city. Direct methods of QOL assessment such as time trade-off (TTO) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) along with indirect like EuroQol 5-Dimensional 5-Level Instrument (EQ-5D-5L) and the QOL Instrument for Indian Diabetes Patients (QOLID) were used. Multiple linear regression was used to compute coefficients to assess point estimate of QOL using the Indian QOLID tool.

Results:
Overall, health utility scores for a person with diabetes were 0.68 (with TTO method), 0.60–0.64 (with VAS) analog scale, and EQ-5D-5L method, respectively. Valuation of QOL using direct methods yielded utility values which were significantly higher than indirect methods (EQ-5D-5L).

Conclusion:
Overall, this study found that diabetes is responsible for physical, psychological, and social role disturbance among the patients. In addition, choice of using direct or indirect methods of utility estimation may have practical implications while calculating incremental cost-effectiveness ratios.
Oil pollution and hypertension prevalence in Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Paul John Nwolim , Maduka Omosivie 
Published: April 2023

Aims:
This study was done to compare the prevalence of hypertension in oil-polluted and non-oil polluted communities in Rivers State

Subjects and Methods:
A community-based household analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on oil-polluted communities in Ogoni local government areas and nonoil polluted communities in Abua/Odua LGA both in Rivers State. An interviewer-administered structured World Health Organization STEPS instrument/questionnaire for NCD/chronic disease surveillance was used, and the sample size of 1000 participants was recruited via multistage sampling. Odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) we calculated through bivariate and multivariate regression analysis.

Results:
The prevalence of hypertension among persons resident in oil-polluted and nonoil-polluted communities was 59.8% and 46.6%, respectively. The comparison of prevalence showed statistical significance between both categories (χ2 = 16.97,P= 0.001). The regression model on crude analysis found residence (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.32–2.17) and cigarette smoking (OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.19–2.29) were related to being hypertensive.

Conclusions:
The study revealed that participants who were residents in oil-polluted areas had 1.69 times higher odds of having hypertension over those in areas without oil pollution. However, moderate and vigorous physical activity reduced the chances of having hypertension by 95%, and 99%, respectively.
Spatial distribution and control status of hypertension in urban field practice area of a tertiary medical care institution of South India
Authors: Kharat Namrata , Sivanantham Parthibane , Kumar G Dinesh , Devasia James T , Kar Sitanshu Sekhar 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Hypertension is a global public health issue. Geographic information systems (GIS) are increasingly being used by health-care systems as an emerging tool to address the public health burden of hypertension.

Objective:
The objective of the study is to describe the geographic distribution of adults with known hypertension residing in the urban field practice area of a tertiary care institution and to assess the factors associated with its control status.

Materials and Methods:
We conducted a cross-sectional analytical study in an urban health center (UHC) with adults with hypertension (n = 343) seeking care from the NCD clinic of UHC and private clinics were included. Geo-coding was done (n = 343) using digital GPS device by house-to-house visit and average of the three blood pressure recordings using digital sphygmomanometer taken for assessing control status (n = 277) of hypertension. A structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic, risk factors distribution, and medication adherence. Geospatial analysis was done using QGIS 3.0, ArcGIS 10.2 and SPSS version 22 (IBM Corp. Armonk, NY, USA) was used for statistical analysis.

Results:
The geographic distribution showed clusters and hotspots in the study area. Of the 277 study participants, 57.4% (51.6–63.5) had blood pressure under control and 41% were male. Patients with age ≥60 years (prevalence ratios [PR]: 1.2, 95% CI: 1–1.6), with no comorbidity (PR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1–1.7), high medicine adherence (PR: 7.6, 95% CI: 3.9–14.6) were independent factors associated with control status.

Conclusion:
The study identified the clustering and hotspot areas of known patients with hypertension. Around three-fifth of known hypertensives had their blood pressure under control.
Evaluation of association of psychosocial stress and hypertension in adults >30 years of age
Authors: Yadav Sneha , Garg Shreyak , Raut Abhishek V. 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Hypertension has multifactorial causation. Stress has chronically been cited as an imperative cause of hypertension among other risk factors such as sleep abnormalities. The interrelation between psychosocial stress and hypertension has been significant though the exact association remains debatable.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to evaluate the association of psychosocial stress and other factors such as family and social support, sleep abnormalities, physical activity, and addiction with hypertension in adults >30 years of age.

Materials and Methods:
Age- and sex-matched community-based case–control study with 90 incident hypertensive cases aged (>30) and 90 controls were selected from rural populations in central India. Study participants were examined and interviewed regarding their sociodemographic characteristics, psychosocial stress, family and social support, quality of sleep, addiction, and physical activity using four structured and validated questionnaires. Data analysis was done by binomial logistic regression with SPSS (version 21).

Results:
Psychosocial stress was significantly associated with incident hypertension (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] =8.198, 95% confidence interval [C.I.] 2.85–23.52). Participants having compromised family and social support (AOR = 3.0, 95% C.I: 1.41–6.34), poor quality of sleep (AOR = 4.429, 95% C.I: 1.78–10.96), and low physical activity (AOR = 2.92, 95% C.I: 1.22–6.98) had higher odds of developing hypertension. Sedentary occupation, lower socioeconomic status, and body mass index ≥23 kg/m2 each had an association with hypertension.

Conclusion:
This study highlights a significant number of undiagnosed or untreated cases of psychosocial distress in the community. Thus, calling for immediate attention toward psychosocial stress as an important etiological determinant of hypertension.
Factors associated with noncompliance to hypertension treatment in adults in a district health facility in north Dayi in the Volta Region of Ghana
Authors: Manortey Stephen , Adamaley Sedinam 
Published: April 2023

Context:
Hypertension is known to affect more than one billion of the world's population with complications such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Compliance with hypertension therapy is the extent to which one's behavior in following a diet plan, taking medications, or making lifestyle changes corresponds to the agreed recommendations from a health-care provider. This research explores factors influencing noncompliance to hypertension treatment in the North Dayi District of the Volta Region, Ghana.

Aims:
To determine the prevalence of noncompliance to hypertension therapy in patients diagnosed with hypertension in the study population. 1. To evaluate the knowledge of patients on hypertension. 2. To ascertain contributing factors influencing noncompliance to the treatment of hypertension.

Settings and Design:
A cross-sectional study.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2021 to February 2021 in the North Dayi District. A sample of 191 respondents diagnosed with hypertension for at least 1 month with or without comorbidities and on treatment were selected using the systematic sampling method. An Adherence Barrier Questionnaire was adopted to assess reliability in the responses. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were done using noncompliance to hypertension therapy as the outcome of interest.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Fisher's Exact, logistic regression, Cronbach's alpha analysis.

Results:
Data were collected from 191 study participants between the ages of 25 and 101 years with an average age estimated at (62.2 ± 13.5) years. The prevalence of nonadherence to hypertension treatment in this study was 31.4% in the North Dayi District Hospital. The reported Marital status and Default review were statistically significant predictors of adherence to hypertension treatment at a chosen 95% Confidence Level.

Conclusion:
The degree of non-compliance to hypertension treatment was less than fifty per cent among respondents. The data suggests that strategies should be developed to help reduce waiting times for consultation at the Hypertension Clinic by the District Hospital in collaboration with other stakeholders.
Productivity loss and diabetes distress among patients with type 2 diabetes seeking out patient care at a tertiary hospital in Bengaluru, South India
Authors: Pinto Kavya , Mathur Sanjana , Fathima Farah Naaz , George Belinda , Umesh Soumya 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Type 2 diabetes contributes to significant productivity losses in paid work and unpaid work. Patients with Type 2 diabetes also feel distressed due to the concerns about disease management, its emotional burden, physician-related issues, and regimen-related distress.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to assess the productivity loss and diabetes distress among patients with Type 2 diabetes attending the outpatient department at a tertiary care setting and the association between productivity loss and diabetes distress in the study population.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was done among 121 outpatients with Type 2 diabetes at a tertiary care hospital. A semistructured interview schedule that included questions on sociodemographic profile, details about diabetes, the Institute for Medical Technology Assessment Productivity Cost Questionnaire, and Diabetes Distress Scale was administered.

Results:
Around half of the study participants (47.1%) reported productivity losses either in paid and/or unpaid work. The total cost of productivity loss among 121 patients over 4 weeks was calculated to be Indian National Rupees 2,526,880. Individuals with diabetes distress levels worthy of clinical attention (moderate and high levels of distress) were found to be 20.6%. Significant emotional burden was seen among 40.5% of the study participants. Of the population who had distress due to diabetes, 60% had productivity loss.

Conclusion:
Patients with type 2 diabetes have high productivity losses and distress due to diabetes. Patients with productivity losses have significantly higher levels of diabetic distress.
Genetic testing confirmed osteopetrosis with initial presentation of nystagmus
Authors: Chiu Kai-Yen , Lin Yu-Yang , Liu Yao-Lin , Lee Ni-Chung , Tsai Tzu-Hsun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Osteopetrosis (OS) is a rare heritable disorder characterized by osteoclast dysfunction and increased bone density on radiography. Optic nerve osseous compression is the most frequent ocular complication of OS, with nystagmus, strabismus, ptosis, proptosis, and lagophthalmos occurring less frequently. However, it is uncommon for patients to have neurological or ocular symptoms at initial presentation. Herein, we present the case of a 3-year-old girl with the initial presentation of ocular symptoms who was confirmed to have OS through genetic testing. She was born full-term and found to have nystagmus since the age of 1 year. Her best-corrected visual acuity was 1.2/60 for both eyes. Exotropia of the left eye and bilateral small-amplitude pendular nystagmus were also noted. Color fundoscopy revealed a tessellated fundus and pale discs with cup-to-disc ratios of 0.5–0.6. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed bilateral optic canal stenosis and optic nerve atrophy. Whole-exome sequencing revealed a biallelic chloride voltage-gated channel 7 mutation, c.2297T > C (p.Leu766Pro) and c.1577G > A (p.Arg526Gln), and autosomal recessive OS was diagnosed. The patient is currently being evaluated for possible hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. We suggest that OS should be considered a differential diagnosis for unexplained nystagmus and optic nerve atrophy.
Log p-divisible groups associated with log 1-motives
Authors: Würthen Matti , Zhao Heer 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe first provide a detailed proof of Kato’s classification theorem of log p-divisible groups over a Noetherian Henselian local ring. Exploring Kato’s idea further, we then define the notion of a standard extension of a classical finite étale group scheme (resp. classical étale p-divisible group) by a classical finite flat group scheme (resp. classical p-divisible group) in the category of finite Kummer flat group log schemes (resp. log p-divisible groups), with respect to a given chart on the base. These results are then used to prove that log p-divisible groups are formally log smooth. We then study the finite Kummer flat group log schemes
$T_n(\mathbf {M}):=H^{-1}(\mathbf {M}\otimes _{{\mathbb Z}}^L{\mathbb Z}/n{\mathbb Z})$
(resp. the log p-divisible group
$\mathbf {M}[p^{\infty }]$
) of a log 1-motive
$\mathbf {M}$
over an fs log scheme and show that they are étale locally standard extensions. Lastly, we give a proof of the Serre–Tate theorem for log abelian varieties with constant degeneration.
Improved Bloch and Landau constants for meromorphic functions
Authors: Bhowmik Bappaditya , Sen Sambhunath 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLet
${\mathbb D}$
be the open unit disk, and let
$\mathcal {A}(p)$
be the class of functions f that are holomorphic in
${\mathbb D}\backslash \{p\}$
with a simple pole at
$z=p\in (0,1)$
, and
$f'(0)\neq 0$
. In this article, we significantly improve lower bounds of the Bloch and the Landau constants for functions in
${\mathcal A}(p)$
which were obtained in Bhowmik and Sen (2023, Monatshefte für Mathematik, 201, 359–373) and conjecture on the exact values of such constants.
Dermatological disorders and dermatology-specific quality of life among secondary students in public and private schools in Kwara state, Nigeria
Authors: Oyedepo Jadesola Tryphena , Katibi Oludolapo Sherifat , Adedoyin Olanrewaju T. 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Skin problems are very common and often affect people in very visible places leading to significant physical and psychological distress. Adolescents go through physiologic changes in their body during puberty with associated psychosocial changes. Having to live with skin disorders during these years can have life-long impact. This study aimed to describe the spectrum of skin disorders in adolescents attending secondary schools in Kwara state and evaluate the dermatology-specific quality of life of those affected by skin disorders.
Objective: To describe the spectrum of skin disorders among adolescents in secondary schools and evaluate the impact of skin disorders on the dermatology-specific quality of life of those affected.
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. We examined 1000 students from 16 public and private secondary schools in Ilorin, Kwara state. Participant selection was done using a multi- staged stratified random sampling method. The impact on quality of life was evaluated with the Children’s Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI) to determine their dermatology-specific Quality of life. Data obtained was analyzed with SPSS version 20 and was presented using tables and figures.
Results: The prevalence of skin disease in the study population was 68.4%. The most common skin disorders in order of decreasing frequency were: acne, pityriasisversicolor, dermatophytoses (Including tinea capits, tinea corporis, tinea pedis, tinea unguium and tinea cruris), pityriasis capitis and traction alopecia. About three- quarters of those with skin disease reported an effect on their quality of life. The most frequent effect on Qol was attributed to the symptoms and feelings elicited by skin disease.
Discussion: This study found a high prevalence of skin disease in adolescents with most of them reporting an effect on their quality of life resulting from their skin problem however this was mostly a mild effect.
Teachers assessment of asthma-friendliness of primary schools in Abuja
Authors: Ekop Eno Eloho , Azuike Adaobi Nkasiobi 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Children should be protected and safe in school. An important disease like asthma, the leading chronic respiratory disease among children globally, should occupy a place of priority in a school’s health programme. Therefore, the aim of thestudy was to determine how asthma-friendly schools are in Abuja, Nigeria from a teacher’s perspective.
Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional, questionnaire- based survey carried out among andomly selected teachers in public primary schools. Asthmafriendliness of schools was assessed using the “How asthmafriendly is your school” questionnaire.
Results: Of the 403 teachers who participated in the study, majority were females 249(61.8%), mean age was 35 years SD ±8 years, school settings were mainly urban 14 (58.3%) and majority teachers located in urban settings 251 (62.3%). The teachers scored the schools poorly on questions about availability of school policies on asthma care for the children in or out of emergency situations, quick access to asthma medications at school, availability of a full-time nurse or responsible personnel for children with asthma, training of teachers on asthma and monitoring of Air Quality Index. Adherence was scored high on questions referring to recommendations about keeping the school environment tobacco smoke free and preventing exposures to asthma triggers such as excessive dust. Majority of the schools had a poor asthmafriendliness level 300 (74.4%) based on the teachers report.
Conclusion: Given the importance of asthma among children, concerted efforts should be made to ensure that schools in Abuja, Nigeria are asthma-friendly. This can be achieved by strengthening school health programmes.
PENGARUH GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DAN LEVERAGE TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN PADA PERBANKAN (Studi Pada Perusahaan Perbankan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) Tahun 2015-2019)
Authors: Sitompul Inka Wini , Harefa Elviyanti Putri 
Published: April 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh Good Corporate governance dan Leverage terhadap kinerja Keuangan pada Perbankan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia dan untuk menganalisis variabel yang paling dominan berpengaruh terhadap Kinerja Keuangan. Hasil Analisis data dengan metode analisis regresi linier berganda menunjukkan bahwa kepemilikan institusional (X1), dewan komisaris (X2), ukuran dewan direksi (X3), dewan komisaris independen (X4), komite audit (X5), Leverage (X6), secara bersama-sama berpengaruh dan signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan di bursa efek Indonesia dengan koefisien regresi X1 (b1) = 0.306, koefisien regresi X2 (b2) = 0.014, koefisien regresi X3 (b3) = 0.078, koefisien regresi X4 (b4) = -0.049, koefisien regresi X5 (b5), = 0.200, koefisien regresi X6 (b6) = -6.776. Pengujian Fhitung diperoleh sebesar 11.188 lebih besar dari Ftabel sebesar 2.24. Hasil uji t menunjukan untuk kepemilikan Institusional = 2.090, Dewan Komisaris = 2.495, Ukuran Dewan direksi = 2.336, dewan komisaris independen = -0.773, komite audit = 2. 650 dan Leverage =-4.905. dan hasil uji determinasi menunjukkan bahwa 49.5% variabel dari kinerja Keuangan dipengaruhi oleh variabel independen, sedangkan 54.1% adalah faktor-faktor lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI KERJA DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT. INDOCARE PASIFIC
Authors: Manik Ronal , Gea Nota Dwilman , Lumban Gaol Jonner , Sembiring Veramika Br. 
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) Motivasi kerja berpengaruh terhadap kinerja, (2) Budaya organisasi berpengaruh berpengaruh terhadap kinerja dan (3) Motivasi kerja dan budaya organisasi berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan pada PT. Indocare Pasific. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif deskriptif. Populasi pada penelitian ini merupakan karyawan pada PT. Indocare Pasific sebanyak 119 orang. Sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 54 responden dengan menggunakan teknik Simple Random Sampling. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah Uji Instrument, Uji Asumsi Klasik, Uji Regresi Linear Berganda, Uji Hipotesis dan Uji Koefisien dengan menggunakan program SPSS Version 24 for Windows. Kesimpulan pengkajian ini adalah (1) Motivasi kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan, dimana thitung 2,081 > ttabel 1,67528, (2) Budaya organisasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap terhadap kinerja karyawan dimana thitung 2,062 > ttabel 1,67528, dan (3) Motivasi kerja dan budaya organisasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan secara simultan terhadap kinerja karyawan diman Fhitung 13,090 > Ftabel 2,41. Saran yang diberikan bagi pihak PT. Indocare Pasific untuk menyediakan sarana dan prasarana untuk membantu staf dalam mengungkapkan pendapat yang bermanfaat dan positif kepada instansi pada pertemuan formal dan diskusi tentang pelaksanaan metode aktivitas serta untuk melakukan rapat atau kegiatan briefing (pengarahan) yang dilakukan oleh pimpinan sebelum memulai karyawan mulai bekerja terkait menaati peraturan dan profesionalisme.
PENGARUH DISIPLIN KERJA DAN PELATIHAN KARYAWAN TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT. CAREFASTINDO MEDAN
Authors: Ndruru Darman , Ndruru Widarni , Napitupulu Runggu Besmandala , Sembiring Veramika 
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh Disiplin dan Pelatihan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan secara simultan. Adapaun yang menjadi batasan masalah dalam penelitian ini difokuskan pada “Disiplin dan Pelatihan terhadap Peningkatan Kinerja Karyawan pada PT. Carefastindo Medan”. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah “Apakah Disiplin dan Pelatihan secara bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap Peningkatan Kinerja Karyawan?”. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitan penjelasan (explanatory research) dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah sejumlah karyawan PT. Carefastindo Medan.Sampel berjumlah 59 responden dan teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah daftar pertanyaan (Quesioner) dan wawancara. Teknik analisis menggunakan uji asumsi klasik, regresi linier berganda dan uji hipotesis. Hasil regresi linier berganda diperoleh nilai 16,093+0,341X+0,132X2. Berdasarkan Hasil Uji t parsial diperoleh nilai thitung>ttabel untuk Disiplin (X1)=3,603>2,002 dan Pelatihan (X2)=3,308>2,002 dengan tingkat signifikansi 0,000<0,05, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa Disiplin dan Pelatihan secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Hasil Uji Hipotesis Secara Simultan (Uji F) diperoleh nilai F-hitung>F-tabel(45,443>3.16), sedangkan nilai koefisien determinasi (R2) diketahui nilai R Square yang diperoleh adalah sebesar 0,619 (61,9%), Sedangkan sisanya sebesar 39,1 % dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti, seperti merek, harga, produk dan lain-lain. Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian ini, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa Disiplin dan Pelatihan secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan Kinerja Karyawan pada PT. Carefatindo Medan. Disarankan agar perusahaan meningkatkan disiplin bagi karyawan serta pelatihan yang efektif agar tecapainya kinerja karyawan.