bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survey of wastewater issues due to oil spills and pollution in the Niger Delta area of Nigeria: a secondary data analysis
Authors: Ewim Daniel Raphael Ejike , Orikpete Ochuko Felix , Scott Temiloluwa O. , Onyebuchi Chisom N. , Onukogu Amanda O. , Uzougbo Chinedum Gloria , Onunka Chiemela 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the issue of wastewater due to oil spills and pollution in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, which has led to significant environmental and socioeconomic consequences for local communities. The study employed a secondary data collection approach, drawing on various sources, including published research articles, reports, official records, and satellite imagery.Main body of the abstractThrough a systematic review and synthesis of the available literature, the paper identified key challenges, mitigation and remediation strategies, policy recommendations, and areas for future research. The findings of this study revealed that the existing regulatory framework has not been fully effective in preventing and addressing oil spills and pollution in the Niger Delta region due to factors such as weak enforcement, inadequate resources, and overlapping responsibilities among regulatory agencies. Moreover, existing measures for oil spill response, clean-up, compensation, and remediation have had limited success, leaving affected communities to continue suffering from the impacts of oil spills and pollution.Short conclusionThe paper highlights the potential of innovative approaches and technologies, such as advanced oil spill detection and monitoring technologies, bioremediation, and renewable energy, to enhance the effectiveness of mitigation and remediation efforts. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the importance of collaboration and cooperation among various stakeholders, including government agencies, oil companies, local communities, civil society organizations, and international partners, in addressing the challenges posed by oil spills and pollution in the Niger Delta region. Based on the findings, the paper presents several policy recommendations, such as strengthening the regulatory framework, enhancing transparency and accountability, promoting community participation and empowerment, and encouraging investment in sustainable development and clean technologies.
Extra-articular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis remain a major challenge: data from a large, multi-centric cohort
Authors: Bonfiglioli Karina Rossi , de Medeiros Ribeiro Ana Cristina , Carnieletto Ana Paula , Pereira Ivânio , Domiciano Diogo Souza , da Silva Henrique Carriço , Pugliesi Alisson , Pereira Leticia Rocha , Guimarães Maria Fernanda Resende , Giorgi Rina Dalva Neubarth , Reis Ana Paula Monteiro Gomides , Brenol Claiton Viegas , Louzada-Júnior Paulo , da Cunha Sauma Maria de Fátima Lobato , Radominski Sebastião Cezar , da Mota Licia Maria Henrique , da Rocha Castelar-Pinheiro Geraldo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Although Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) extra-articular manifestations (ExtRA) occurrence has been decreasing over time, they are still a major mortality risk factor for patients.

Objective
To determine the prevalence of ExtRA in a large cohort, and its association with demographic and clinical variables.

Method
Cross-sectional and observational study, based on a multi-centric database from a prospective cohort, in which 11 public rheumatology centres enrolled RA patients (1987 ARA or 2010 ACR-EULAR). Data collection began in 08-2015, using a single online electronic medical record. Continuous variables were compared using Mann–Whitney U-test, and Fisher’s exact test or chi-square test, as appropriate, were used for categorical variables. The level of significance was set at 5% (p < 0.05).

Results
1115 patients were included: 89% women, age [mean ± SD] 58.2 ± 11.5 years, disease duration 14.5 ± 12.2 years, positive Rheumatoid Factor (RF, n = 1108) in 77%, positive anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (ACPA, n = 477) in 78%. Regarding ExtRA, 334 occurrences were registered in 261 patients, resulting in an overall prevalence of 23.4% in the cohort. The comparison among ExtRA and Non-ExtRA groups shows significant higher age (p < 0.001), disease duration (p < 0.001), RF high titers (p = 0.018), Clinical Disease Activity index (CDAI) (p < 0.001), Disease Activity Index 28 (DAS 28) (p < 0.001), and Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) (p < 0.001) in ExtRA group. Treatment with Azathioprine (p = 0.002), Etanercept (p = 0.049) Glucocorticoids (GC) (‘p = 0.002), and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (p < 0.001) were more frequent in ExtRA group.

Conclusions
ExtRA manifestations still show an expressive occurrence that should not be underestimated. Our findings reinforce that long-term seropositive disease, associated with significant disability and persistent inflammatory activity are the key factors related to ExtRA development.
Development from recurrent anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis with seizures as the first symptom to autoimmune-associated epilepsy: a case report
Authors: Qin Ningxiang , Wang Jing , Peng Xi , Wang Liang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is a novel autoimmune encephalitis (AE) first identified in 2007. It provides a new direction for clinicians when encountering unexplained symptoms such as seizures, psychotic behavioral abnormalities, speech disorders, and involuntary movements. Most patients have a good prognosis after immunotherapy, but some may experience relapses.

Case presentation
We report a Chinese female patient diagnosed with anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Over the past 30 years, the patient had experienced eight episodes with seizures as the first symptom, which eventually progressed to autoimmune-associated epilepsy. In the last two episodes, both serum and cerebrospinal fluid of the patient were negative for AE-related antibodies, and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed abnormal hyperintensity in the bilateral hippocampi. The patient's symptoms were poorly controlled by immunotherapy but well controlled by anti-seizure medicines.

Conclusions
Patients with a long history of AE and multiple relapses that start with seizures may display alterations of brain structure. Physicians should pay attention to autoimmune-associated epilepsy.
Similar skills, different frames: a thematic analysis exploring conceptualizations held by community-based organization practitioners and academics regarding skills to use evidence-based interventions to address cancer inequities
Authors: Ramanadhan Shoba , Cruz Jennifer L. , Weese Maggie , Naveed Natasha , Kirk Shinelle , Rivard Madison K. , Kirk Judi , Whitaker Albert , Peterson Karen , Eisenkraft Arthur 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Community-based organizations (CBOs) are critical partners in delivering evidence-based interventions (EBIs) to address cancer inequities. However, CBO practitioners do not typically have access to opportunities to build the necessary capacity (skills, knowledge, motivation, and resources) for using EBIs. Although capacity-building interventions can offer a solution, inconsistent definitions and measurements of capacity limit the ability to develop and evaluate such efforts. We explored how and why conceptualizations of core skills for EBI use differ between practitioners and academics addressing cancer and other health inequities. We anchored the inquiry with a commonly used set of target skills for EBI capacity-building efforts.

Methods
The study was conducted by an interdisciplinary team of academic researchers and CBO practitioners. We gathered data through semi-structured, hour-long interviews with practitioners and academics working to address cancer and other health inequities (n = 19). After hearing a brief vignette about a CBO addressing cervical cancer inequities, participants considered a widely accepted list of skills for EBI use that included assessing needs, engaging stakeholders, and selecting, adapting, implementing, evaluating, and sustaining the EBI. We used a team-based, reflexive thematic analysis approach grounded in critical and constructivist perspectives.

Results
Overall, the original list resonated with practitioners and academics and they added new skills to the list (cultural humility and systems change). Practitioners’ responses described skills from the reference point of addressing broader community needs and context and achieving change over the long term, emphasizing aspects of health promotion in their descriptions. Academics offered a mix of perspectives, with some focused on addressing community needs (and related flexibility regarding EBIs) but more emphasized skills needed to deliver a specific EBI to achieve a focused set of health and equity outcomes.

Conclusions
There is a significant opportunity to leverage complementary expertise and perspectives held by practitioners and academics addressing cancer inequities. However, the different frames utilized suggest proactive efforts will be required to find alignment across groups, particularly in valuing diverse contributions and identifying relevant outcomes of interest for each group. Such alignment is critical to designing effective capacity-building interventions and supporting the routine utilization of EBIs to address cancer inequities.
Cognitive impact on patients with COVID-19 infection
Authors: Shaddad Ahmad Mohammad Abdo Kheder , Hussein Aliaë Abd Rabou Mohamed , Tohamy Amal Mohamed Aly , Khaleel Waleed Gamal Elddin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
SARS‐COV‐2 infection reframed medical knowledge in many aspects, yet there is still a lot to be discovered. Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) can cause neuropsychiatric, psychological, and psychosocial impairments. Literature regarding the cognitive impact of COVID-19 is still limited.
This study aims to evaluate cognitive function, anxiety, and depression among patients with coronavirus disease 19.

Methods
Sixty COVID-19 patients were recruited and sub-grouped according to the site of care into three groups, home isolation, ward, and RICU, and compared with 60 matched control participants. Entire clinical history, O2 saturation, mini-mental state examination (MMSE), Hamilton’s anxiety (HAM-A), and depression rating scales (HAM-D) were assessed.

Results
MMSE showed significantly lowest results for the ICU group, with a value of 21.65 ± 3.52. Anxiety levels were the highest for the ICU group, with a highly significant difference vs. the home isolation group (42.45 ± 4.85 vs. 27.05 ± 9.52; p< 0.001). Depression values assessed showed a highly significant difference in intergroup comparison (44.8 ± 6.64 vs. 28.7 ± 7.54 vs. 31.25 ± 8.89; p<0.001, for ICU vs. ward vs. home group, respectively).
MMSE revealed a significant negative correlation with age and education level, anxiety level had significant negative correlations with severity of illness and male gender, and depression level had highly significant negative correlations with severity of illness and male gender.

Conclusion
Both cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms were affected in COVID-19 cases, especially in ICU-admitted patients. The impact of these disorders was significant in older age, lower oxygen saturation, and severe disease.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov. NCT05293561. Registered on March 24, 2022.
Kinematics and behaviour in fish escape responses: guidelines for conducting, analysing and reporting experiments
Authors: Roche Dominique G. , Tytell Eric D. , Domenici Paolo 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Work carried out since the late 1970s has provided key insights into the comparative biomechanics, kinematics, behaviour and neurobiology of fish escape responses. An escape response is an ecologically important behaviour used by fishes to evade predation and aggression via rapid swimming movements. With environmental change expected to affect the physiology and biomechanics of aquatic ectotherms, there is a growing interest in understanding how environmental stressors affect the swimming performance and behaviour of fishes during escape responses, particularly in the context of predator–prey interactions. As the study of fish swimming continues to expand, there have been repeated calls to standardise experiments and reporting practices to facilitate integrative and comparative studies. Here, we provide a set of practical guidelines for conducting, analysing and reporting experiments on escape responses in fish, including a reporting checklist to assist authors undertaking these experiments. These resources will facilitate executing and reporting escape response experiments in a rigorous and transparent fashion, helping to advance the study of fish swimming in an era of rapid environmental change.
The allometric scaling of oxygen supply and demand in the California horn shark, Heterodontus francisci
Authors: Prinzing Tanya S. , Bigman Jennifer S. , Skelton Zachary R. , Dulvy Nicholas K. , Wegner Nicholas C. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
The gill surface area of aquatic ectotherms is thought to be closely linked to the ontogenetic scaling of metabolic rate, a relationship that is often used to explain and predict ecological patterns across species. However, there are surprisingly few within-species tests of whether metabolic rate and gill area scale similarly. We examined the relationship between oxygen supply (gill area) and demand (metabolic rate) by making paired estimates of gill area with resting and maximum metabolic rates across ontogeny in the relatively inactive California horn shark, Heterodontus francisci. We found that the allometric slope of resting metabolic rate was 0.966±0.058 (±95% CI), whereas that of maximum metabolic rate was somewhat steeper (1.073±0.040). We also discovered that the scaling of gill area shifted with ontogeny: the allometric slope of gill area was shallower in individuals &lt;0.203 kg in body mass (0.564±0.261), but increased to 1.012±0.113 later in life. This appears to reflect changes in demand for gill-oxygen uptake during egg case development and immediately post hatch, whereas for most of ontogeny, gill area scales in between that of resting and maximum metabolic rate. These relationships differ from predictions of the gill oxygen limitation theory, which argues that the allometric scaling of gill area constrains metabolic processes. Thus, for the California horn shark, metabolic rate does not appear limited by theoretical surface-area-to-volume ratio constraints of gill area. These results highlight the importance of data from paired and size-matched individuals when comparing physiological scaling relationships.
Equilibrium Screening and Categorical Inequality
Authors: Fosgerau Mogens , Sethi Rajiv , Weibull Jörgen 
Published: July 2023

We analyze equilibrium outcomes under costly screening of candidates from distinct categories. Candidates choose how much effort to invest in skill acquisition, and the screener decides how carefully to screen each candidate. Typically, there are multiple equilibria, and ex ante identical individuals in different categories can receive different equilibrium treatment. The imposition of a quota for an initially disadvantaged group can result in increased screening intensity and skill investment by destabilizing the least active equilibrium. The endogeneity of screening enables powerful comparative statics, which we use to unify different strands in the literature on discrimination. (JEL D63, D82, D83, J24, J31, J71, M51)
Designing a behaviour change intervention to address the behavioural risk factors for stillbirth: A study protocol
Authors: Escañuela Sánchez Tamara , Matvienko-Sikar Karen , Greene Richard A. , Byrne Molly , O'Donoghue Keelin 
Published: July 2023

Introduction Stillbirth is a devastating outcome that, in some cases, has the potential to be prevented by addressing some of its modifiable risk factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, illicit drug use, high maternal weight, lack of attendance to antenatal care, and sleep position. The aim of this study will be to design a behaviour change intervention focusing on the behavioural risk factors for stillbirth and based on the COM-B model and the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) systematic framework. Methods The first stage of the BCW framework involves understanding the target behaviour and defining the problem in behavioural terms. The second stage involves identifying intervention options, including intervention functions and policy categories. Finally, the third stage involves identifying content and implementation options, including behaviour change techniques (BCTs) and the mode of delivery. We will use multiple studies already conducted in our research team to inform the different stages of the BCW framework, these include a series of systematic reviews of the literature, qualitative interviews with pregnant women, and a survey study with healthcare professionals. Further, we will utilise a stakeholder group to obtain input through the process of the design of the intervention. Discussion This protocol provides a systematic and evidence-based approach to intervention design. The systematic review of the literature, qualitative interviews, and expert consensus workshops will ensure that the intervention design is based on the needs and preferences of pregnant women, healthcare professionals, and stakeholders involved in stillbirth prevention. The proposed intervention could be adapted and implemented in other settings to prevent stillbirth in high-risk populations.
Features of Operational Coordination in the Procurement of Strategic Types of Products
Authors: Abramova E. 
Published: July 2023

This article discusses modern aspects of operational coordination in the procurement of strategic products.
The peculiarities of relations between suppliers and consumers at the interfunctional and interorganizational levels of interaction within the framework of mutual agreement on the procedures for selecting suppliers, concluding contracts, placing orders, organizing supplies and paying for goods/services are studied.
The main emphasis is placed on the harmonization of operational procurement procedures within the framework of partnerships based on reaching compromises between the participants of the CP. It is shown that in the context of the formation of long-term relationships with key partners, interaction should be based on the principles of trust and mutual benefit.
In conclusion, the cycle of coordination of operational procurement procedures in terms of partnerships between suppliers and consumers is presented.
USING A DIGITAL INCLINOMETER SIGNIFICANTLY IMPROVES THE ACCURACY OF DEROTATION OSTEOTOMY: A SIMULATION STUDY
Authors: Watts Daniel , Bye Daniel , Nelson Divya , Chase Helen , Nunney Ian , Marshall Tom , Sanghrajka Anish 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionDerotation osteotomies are commonly performed in paediatric orthopaedic and limb reconstruction practice. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the use of a digital inclinometer significantly improves the accuracy in attaining the desired correction.Materials & MethodsWe designed an electronic survey regarding derotation femoral osteotomy (DFO) including methods of intra-operative angular correction assessment and acceptable margins of error for correction. This was distributed to 28 paediatric orthopaedic surgeons in our region. A DFO model was created, using an anatomic sawbone with foam covering. 8 orthopaedic surgeons each performed two 30-degree DFOs, one using K-wires and visual estimation (VE), and the other using a Digital Inclinometer (DI). Two radiologists reported pre and post procedure rotational profile CT scans to assess the achieved rotational correction.ResultsThere was a 68% response rate to the survey. The most popular methods of estimating intra-operative correction were reported to be K-wires and rotation marks on bone. The majority of respondents reported that a 6–10 degree margin of error was acceptable for a 30-degree derotation. This was therefore set as the upper limit for acceptable error margin in the simulation study. The mean error in rotation in the VE group of simulated DFO was 19.7 degrees, with error>5 degrees and error>10 degrees in 7 (88%) and 6 (75%) cases respectively. Mean error in DI group was 3.1 degrees, with error>5 degrees in 1 case (13%).ConclusionsOur results show that the compared to conventional techniques, the use of an inclinometer significantly improves the accuracy of femoral de-rotation and significantly reduces the incidence of unacceptable errors in correction. We would suggest that digital inclinometers be used to assess intra-operative correction during derotation osteotomies.
POSTOPERATIVE PROTOCOLS FOR LOWER EXTREMITY FREE FLAP RECONSTRUCTIONS: A NATIONAL SURVEY OF UK MAJOR TRAUMA CENTRES
Authors: Georgiannakis Ariadni , Glynou Sevasti Panagiota , Ackling Edward , Bystrzonowski Nicola , Pafitanis Georgios , Diver Andrew 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionDespite the established guidelines on lower extremity free flap reconstruction by the British Orthopaedic Association Standard for Trauma (BOAST-4) the post-operative care has yet to be standardised. There is currently no coherent evidence in the literature regarding clinical monitoring, warming, dangling and compression; the optimal regimes and their respective physiological benefits. The aim of this study is to survey all UK Major Trauma Centres (MTCs) with regards to the post-operative care of lower extremity free flaps and elucidate the current protocols for clinical monitoring, warming, dangling and compression.Materials & MethodsAll UK-based adult MTCs were surveyed. We formulated a detailed questionnaire to enquire about the post-operative care of lower extremity free flap reconstructions; the number of free flap reconstructions per month and take backs per month and for which post-operative methods a protocol is used in each MTC. We asked specific questions concerning: clinical monitoring, warming, dangling and compression. This questionnaire was distributed to consultant leads in the form of multiple choice questions, with an option of free-text box for further comments, using JISC online surveys. Results were analysed in Excel and presented in percentages.ResultsThe 28 adult MTCs were contacted. The results showed a lack of formal regional protocols with great variability, suggesting there is no general consensus on post-operative care of lower extremity free flap reconstructions with regards to clinical monitoring, warming, dangling and compression.ConclusionsThis survey of UK MTCs on the post-operative protocols for lower extremity free flap reconstruction demonstrated lack of evidence, consensus and large variability in common practice which requires standardisation.