bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Une histoire de transformation de l’islamisme de la voie révolutionnaire à la légalité : le cas du Parti de la justice et du développement (PJD) au Maroc
Authors: Zouaoui Hassan 
Published: May 2023

La participation politique des islamistes du Parti de la justice et du développement (PJD) est le fruit d’un long processus historique qui remonte au début des années 1980, quand d’anciens membres de la Chabiba islamiya (Jeunesse islamique) ont décidé de rompre avec les principes idéologiques de l’islamisme radical. Cette étude vise à étudier le passage des islamistes du PJD au réformisme et au pragmatisme politique à l’aune d’une approche sociohistorique. L’objectif étant de montrer comment les islamistes du PJD sont devenus modérés, et d’observer si le pragmatisme politique du PJD a véritablement encadré la sortie de la Chabiba islamiya de la vision radicale de la société - Hakimiyya (la souveraineté de dieu) - vers une vision réformiste en formant un parti politique. Pour ce faire, notre étude s’appuie sur des entretiens effectués avec des leaders et idéologues de ce parti. En outre, l’étude fait référence à un ensemble de documents et de travaux politiques définissant aussi bien l’idéologie de ce parti que celle du groupe d’Al-Adl wal-Ihssane (Justice et Bienfaisance). Ce dernier est le plus important groupe islamiste marocain qui rejette, contrairement au PJD, toute possibilité de s’intégrer dans le régime politique marocain.
La conception des rapports entre politique et religion au sein du mouvement tunisien Ennaḥḍaẗ et les organisations dont il est issu (de 1960 au 14 janvier 2011)
Authors: Papi Stéphane 
Published: May 2023

Afin de replacer dans leur profondeur historique des questions qui taraudent encore aujourd’hui la société tunisienne, à savoir celles concernant les rapports entre les sphères politique et religieuse et l’appréhension du concept de laïcité en tant que mode politique d’organisation des rapports existant entre ces deux sphères, cet article propose une analyse des positions du mouvement Ennaḥḍaẗ et des organisations dont il est issu sur ces questions dans la période s’étendant des années 1960 au 14 janvier 2011. Après avoir rappelé en premier lieu le contexte dans lequel le mouvement islamiste tunisien se développa, cet article envisagera trois périodes principales correspondant aux différentes structures associatives puis politiques au sein desquelles ce mouvement s’organisa, les positions du mouvement Ennaḥḍaẗ et des organisations dont il est issu, ayant su, tout en restant relativement stable, s’adapter aux différentes contingences politiques.
L’islamisme mauritanien est-il en métamorphose ? De l’utopie résurrectionniste à l’idéologie conservatrice
Authors: Ait Kabboura Mounia 
Published: May 2023

L’étude du mouvement des Frères musulmans en Mauritanie dévoile ses transformations graduelles, passant de la restauration de l’idéal du califat perdu à l’idéologie réformiste centriste. Ils ont adopté une voie différente de leurs homologues égyptiens afin de répondre aux conditions sociales et politiques de leur pays. Contrairement à l’Égypte, la Mauritanie est une société tribale codifiée par l’islam, en tant que religion de l’ensemble des Mauritaniens, et en tant que source de législations, et elle est dominée par des régimes autoritaires putschistes. Dans ce contexte, les Frères mauritaniens ne pouvaient pas traiter la République islamique de Jâhiliyya ni réclamer l’État islamique de la Ḥākimmiyaẗ. En adoptant le « réformisme centriste », les Frères mauritaniens ont concilié la charia islamique et la démocratie, créant ainsi la « chouracratie », afin de former leur parti, participer aux élections et forcer l’État à se débarrasser de la casquette militaire. Ce virage politique avait des conséquences importantes sur les Frères du désert. Ils se sont divisés en deux courants opposés : l’un soutient le régime en place en empruntant une idéologie légitimiste, l’autre campe dans l’opposition en maintenant l’idéologie contestataire. Cet article mobilise les théories de l'utopie et de l'idéologie pour montrer que le changement vécu par les Frères mauritaniens ne peut être considéré comme un échec (Roy), mais plutôt comme une sortie de l'utopie vers l'idéologie. Ainsi, expliquer cette expérience par le biais de l’utopie et de l’idéologie permet de mieux comprendre les différentes dynamiques qui traversent l'islam politique contemporain.
Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in the Multiple Sclerosis Community: A Call to Action
Authors: Hersh Carrie M. , Morrow Sarah A. , Williams Mitzi Joi , Amezcua Lilyana , Halper June , Wandersee Katherine 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Many medical organizations have begun to confront the longstanding problem of inequalities in health care delivery and the undeniable effect of disparities on health outcomes. The Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers (CMSC) recognizes that disparities affect the lives of many people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and acknowledges the need to address this as an organization. The CMSC recently (1) appointed a task force, (2) conducted a survey of its membership, (3) commissioned this review article and call to action, and (4) formulated a mission statement on diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI), which was adopted by the CMSC’s Board of Governors in March 2023. This paper summarizes recent literature on health care disparities in MS, particularly those relating to race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, and gender identity. It presents findings from CMSC’s survey of members’ awareness of DEI issues, the need for education and resources for MS care providers, and existing institutional policies on DEI in the members’ practice settings. It also presents the task force’s recommendations for next steps, which includes the goal of greater diversity in the MS workforce of the future. The CMSC will continue to revisit DEI policies and practices over time with the goal of motivating greater awareness, momentum, and positive changes within the MS community.
Management of Bifurcation Culprit Lesion in the Setting of Anterior ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Amrawy Ahmed Mahmoud El , Assal Abdelrahman Ramadan , Zaki Amr Mahmoud , Eltahan Salah Mohamed 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Coronary bifurcation lesions are considered one of the challenging entities in the field of coronary intervention due to the risk of side branch loss and higher risk of stent thrombosis. However, there is limited data about the proper management of such lesions in the setting of myocardial infarction as most bifurcation lesion studies excluded patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). The aim of this study was to compare in-hospital and mid-term outcomes of single-stent and two-stents strategy in the management of bifurcation culprit lesions in patients presenting with anterior STEMI.
Methods: This retrospective multi-center study included all patients presented with anterior STEMI who underwent primary PCI between January 2017 and December 2019, coronary angiography showed true bifurcation lesion with sizable side branch that can be managed by stenting. Patients with left main bifurcation, those indicated for urgent CABG, and patients in cardiogenic shock were excluded. Included patients were divided into two groups according to the stenting strategy either single or two stents. Six months follow up data were collected by telephone calls and by examination of medical records.
Results: Out of 1355 anterior STEMI patients presented between January 2017 and December 2019, 158 patients (11.6%) were identified to have bifurcation culprit lesions with a sizable diagonal branch. 93 patients (59%) were treated by single stent while 65 patients (41%) were managed by two-stents strategy. The baseline characteristics and angiographic findings were similar in both groups except for higher side branch involvement in the two stents group (83.31%±11.20 vs 71.88%±15.05, t= -5.39, p <0.001). Mean fluoroscopy time (23.96±8.90 vs 17.81±5.72 mins) and contrast volume (259.23± 59.45 vs 232.58± 96.18 ml) were significantly higher in two stents group than single stent group (p=0.049). However, the angiographic success rates (residual stenosis ≤30% and restoration of TIMI flow grade II or III) were comparable (96.8% vs 99%, MCp=0.151). There is no significant difference in the overall incidence rate of MACE in both groups 6 months following the index procedure (13.9 % vs 16.9%, FEp=0.698), with no difference between different bifurcation stenting techniques in patients managed with two stents.
Conclusion: Although two stents strategy in the setting of STEMI is much complex with more fluoroscopy time and contrast volume, the procedural success rate and the incidence of MACE were comparable to one stent strategy, on medium-term follow up.
Efficacy and Safety of Rivaroxaban for Postoperative Thromboprophylaxis in Patients After Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Kröll Dino , Nett Philipp C. , Rommers Nikki , Borbély Yves , Deichsel Fabian , Nocito Antonio , Zehetner Jörg , Kessler Ulf , Fringeli Yannick , Alberio Lorenzo , Candinas Daniel , Stirnimann Guido 
Published: May 2023

ImportanceVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality after bariatric surgery. Clinical end point studies on thromboprophylaxis with direct oral anticoagulants in patients undergoing bariatric surgery are lacking.ObjectiveTo assess the efficacy and safety of a prophylactic dose of 10 mg/d of rivaroxaban for both 7 and 28 days after bariatric surgery.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis assessor-blinded, phase 2, multicenter randomized clinical trial was conducted from July 1, 2018, through June 30, 2021, with participants from 3 academic and nonacademic hospitals in Switzerland.InterventionPatients were randomized 1 day after bariatric surgery to 10 mg of oral rivaroxaban for either 7 days (short prophylaxis) or 28 days (long prophylaxis).Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary efficacy outcome was the composite of deep vein thrombosis (symptomatic or asymptomatic) and pulmonary embolism within 28 days after bariatric surgery. Main safety outcomes included major bleeding, clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding, and mortality.ResultsOf 300 patients, 272 (mean [SD] age, 40.0 [12.1] years; 216 women [80.3%]; mean body mass index, 42.2) were randomized; 134 received a 7-day and 135 a 28-day VTE prophylaxis course with rivaroxaban. Only 1 thromboembolic event (0.4%) occurred (asymptomatic thrombosis in a patient undergoing sleeve gastrectomy with extended prophylaxis). Major or clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding events were observed in 5 patients (1.9%): 2 in the short prophylaxis group and 3 in the long prophylaxis group. Clinically nonsignificant bleeding events were observed in 10 patients (3.7%): 3 in the short prophylaxis arm and 7 in the long prophylaxis arm.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this randomized clinical trial, once-daily VTE prophylaxis with 10 mg of rivaroxaban was effective and safe in the early postoperative phase after bariatric surgery in both the short and long prophylaxis groups.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03522259
Association of Second-generation Antiandrogens With Cognitive and Functional Toxic Effects in Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Nowakowska Malgorzata K. , Ortega Rachel M. , Wehner Mackenzie R. , Nead Kevin T. 
Published: May 2023

ImportanceThe use of second-generation antiandrogens (AAs) in the treatment of prostate cancer is increasing. Retrospective evidence suggests an association between second-generation AAs and adverse cognitive and functional outcomes, but further data from prospective trials are needed.ObjectiveTo examine whether evidence from randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in prostate cancer supports an association between second-generation AAs and cognitive or functional toxic effects.Data SourcesPubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus (inception to September 12, 2022).Study SelectionRandomized clinical trials of second-generation AAs (abiraterone, apalutamide, darolutamide, or enzalutamide) among individuals with prostate cancer that reported cognitive toxic effects, asthenic toxic effects (eg, fatigue, weakness), or falls were evaluated.Data Extraction and SynthesisStudy screening, data abstraction, and bias assessment were completed independently by 2 reviewers following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses and Enhancing the Quality and Transparency of Health Research reporting guidelines. Tabular counts for all-grade toxic effects were determined to test the hypothesis formulated before data collection.Main Outcomes and MeasuresRisk ratios (RRs) and SEs were calculated for cognitive toxic effects, asthenic toxic effects, and falls. Because fatigue was the asthenic toxic effect extracted from all studies, data on fatigue are specified in the results. Meta-analysis and meta-regression were used to generate summary statistics.ResultsThe systematic review included 12 studies comprising 13 524 participants. Included studies had a low risk of bias. An increased risk of cognitive toxic effects (RR, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.30-3.38; P = .002) and fatigue (RR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.16-1.54; P &amp;lt; .001) was noted among individuals treated with second-generation AAs vs those in the control arms. The findings were consistent in studies that included traditional hormone therapy in both treatment arms for cognitive toxic effects (RR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.12-2.79; P = .01) and fatigue (RR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.10-1.58; P = .003). Meta-regression supported that, across studies, increased age was associated with a greater risk of fatigue with second-generation AAs (coefficient, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.04-0.12; P &amp;lt; .001). In addition, the use of second-generation AAs was associated with an increased risk of falls (RR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.27-2.75; P = .001).Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that second-generation AAs carry an increased risk of cognitive and functional toxic effects, including when added to traditional forms of hormone therapy.
Exploring adults' dietary reporting accuracy using a repeated events framework
Authors: Sharman Stefanie J. , Hayden Melissa J. , Danby Meaghan C. , Derbyshire Justine 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSelf‐reported dietary intake is commonly used to inform policy; however, memory‐based reports are subject to error. Our aim was to examine dietary reporting errors using a repeated‐events framework. Participants (N = 102) completed a 3‐day food diary and 10 days later recalled what they had consumed on one self‐nominated day and one experimenter‐nominated day from the diary period. Self‐nominated day reports were more accurate than experimenter‐nominated day reports. Across both days, participants made more errors by reporting a food from the wrong day than by reporting foods not recorded in the diary at all. Unexpectedly, participants who completed their food‐diary across Sunday–Monday–Tuesday were more accurate than those who completed across Thursday–Friday–Saturday, and participants who completed the study in 2020 were more accurate than those who completed it in 2021/2. Overall, results are consistent with the repeated events literature and outline a new approach to better understand dietary self‐reporting.
Identification of series–parallel systems composed of linear and nonlinear blocks
Authors: Brouri A. , Giri F. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMost works on system identification of block‐oriented nonlinear systems were devoted to Wiener and Hammerstein systems. This article is focused on a more general, and so more complex, nonlinear model structure. Specifically, the system under study is a series connection of two subsystems each one being constituted of linear dynamic block and a nonlinear static block coupled in parallel. Clearly, this system structure generalizes those of Wiener and Hammerstein systems. Interestingly, the linear blocks can be parametric or not and are allowed to be of unknown structure. We develop a two‐stage frequency‐type identification method that provides accurate estimates of the all system parts. The proposed identification method enjoys the simplicity and the consistency of developed estimators. Furthermore, the parameters of linear dynamic blocks can be easily decoupled without any further experiments. The performances of the proposed identification method are highlighted by several simulation results. As perspectives, one or the two nonlinearities can be considered non‐static, for example, of backlash type.
Adaptive control and almost disturbance decoupling for uncertain HOFA nonlinear systems
Authors: Wang Na , Liu Xiaoping , Liu Cungen , Wang Huanqing , Zhou Yucheng 
Published: May 2023

SummaryIn this paper, the problem of adaptive stability control for uncertain high‐order fully actuated (HOFA) nonlinear systems with disturbances is solved. The method of almost disturbance decoupling (ADD) is used to cope with unknown disturbances. Meanwhile, the tuning function is applied to design an adaptive update law. According to the full‐actuation feature of HOFA systems and Lyapunov stability theory, a novel adaptive controller is designed. In the end, the effectiveness of the control strategy is validated by a numerical simulation example and the attitude control of a spacecraft.
Virtual angle‐based adaptive control for trajectory tracking and balancing of ball‐balancing robots without velocity measurements
Authors: Jang Hyo‐Geon , Hyun Chang‐Ho , Park Bong Seok 
Published: May 2023

SummaryThis article proposes a virtual angle‐based adaptive control method for trajectory tracking and balancing of ball‐balancing robots without velocity measurements. The trajectory tracking and balancing control of ball‐balancing robots is challenging due to underactuation and uncertain nonlinearities. The hierarchical control strategy, which designs the control system using a linear combination of trajectory tracking and balancing errors, can be a solution. However, it has a local minimum problem where the convergence of tracking and balancing errors is not guaranteed even though the linear combination error is zero. Therefore, a virtual angle‐based control method is presented, which can solve the underactuation problem without the local minimum issue. In addition, a neural network‐based observer is developed to estimate the velocity information of ball‐balancing robots with uncertainties, and the input saturation problem is considered. It is proven that all tracking and balancing errors are bounded and can be made arbitrarily small in the Lyapunov sense. Finally, simulation results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control system.
Humidity‐Driven Dynamic Based on Polystyrene‐Contained Gelatin (Gel‐PS) and PDMS Bilayer Wrinkling System
Authors: Zhu Shanfeng , Liu Yanchi , Guo Wenyao , Fan Jinchen , Jiang Xuesong , Li Jin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHierarchical stimuli‐responsive surface pattern, which can realize the responsive surface with the dynamically tunable structures and on‐demand properties, is the key to realize smart materials and devices, yet its fabrication remains challenging. This study presents a simple and robust fabrication strategy for creating a dynamic hierarchical surface wrinkle using a bilayer wrinkling system. This system consists of a hard and thin skin film made of gelatin containing polystyrene (PS) particles and a soft and thick substrate of polydimethylsiloxane. Based on the buckling deformation caused by stress instability in bilayer wrinkling system, the hierarchical surface wrinkles with random distribution of PS microparticles can be realized. By controlling the humidity in the environment and leveraging the different sensitivity of the exposed regions with high modulus and the soft unexposed regions, various dynamic hierarchical structures can be achieved. This wrinkled surface is a promising candidate for applications such as dynamic displays, optical smart windows, and anti‐counterfeiting due to the strong light scattering effect of the surface wrinkles.
Dual‐Additive‐Driven Morphology Optimization for Solvent‐Annealing‐Free All‐Small‐Molecule Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Liu Heng , Fu Yuang , Chen Zeng , Wang Jiayu , Fu Jiehao , Li Yuhao , Cai Guilong , Su Chun‐Jen , Jeng U‐Ser , Zhu Haiming , Li Gang , Lu Xinhui 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAll‐small‐molecule organic solar cells (ASM‐OSCs), which consist of small‐molecule donors and acceptors, have recently been studied extensively to eliminate the batch‐to‐batch variation from polymer‐based donor or acceptor. On the other hand, the control of their active layer morphology is more challenging due to the similar chemical structure and miscibility of small‐molecule donor and small‐molecule accepter. Hence, this study develops a dual‐additive‐driven morphology optimization method for ASM‐OSCs based on BTR‐Cl:Y6. One solid additive – 1,4‐diiodobenzene (DIB) and one liquid additive – diiodomethane (DIM) are selected, making use of their distinct interaction mechanisms with Y6 and BTR‐Cl. It is found that DIB can form a eutectic phase with Y6, which can increase the intermolecular interactions and modulate the acceptor phase separation, while the simultaneous volatilization of DIM suppresses the over‐aggregation of BTR‐Cl during the film casting process. As a result of the synergistic morphology tuning, the optimized device delivers a power conversion efficiency (PCE) as high as 15.2%, among the highest PCE reported to date for binary ASM‐OSCs without solvent annealing treatment. This work demonstrates the potential of morphology tuning via the incorporation of dual additives into ASM‐OSCs, enabling them to achieve comparable efficiencies to those of conventional polymer/small‐molecule based OSCs.
Tenascin‐C Activation of Lung Fibroblasts in a 3D Synthetic Lung Extracellular Matrix Mimic
Authors: Kundu Aritra Nath , Dougan Carey E. , Mahmoud Samar , Kilic Alara , Panagiotou Alexi , Richbourg Nathan R. , Irakoze Ninette , Peyton Shelly R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe lung extracellular matrix (ECM) maintains the structural integrity of the tissue and regulates the phenotype and functions of resident fibroblasts. Lung‐metastatic breast cancer alters these cell‐ECM interactions, promoting fibroblast activation. There is a need for bio‐instructive ECM models that match the ECM composition and biomechanics of the lung to study these cell‐matrix interactions in vitro. Here, a synthetic, bioactive hydrogel is synthesized that mimics the native lung modulus and includes a representative distribution of the most abundant ECM peptide motifs responsible for integrin‐binding and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐mediated degradation in the lung, which enables quiescent culture of human lung fibroblasts (HLFs). Stimulation with transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‐β1), metastatic breast cancer conditioned media (CM), or tenascin‐C‐derived integrin‐binding peptide activated hydrogel‐encapsulated HLFs demonstrates multiple environmental methods to activate HLFs in a lung ECM‐mimicking hydrogel. This lung hydrogel platform is a tunable, synthetic approach to studying the independent and combinatorial effects of ECM in regulating fibroblast quiescence and activation.