bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigations of Spoilers to Mitigate Columnar Vortices in Propeller Turbines at Speed-No-Load Based on Steady and Unsteady Flow Simulations
Authors: Bourgeois Janika , Houde Sébastien 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
With the introduction of an ever-larger share of renewable but intermittent energy sources on electrical grids, hydraulic turbines are more often used as network stabilizers. In such a role, they are generally operated in off-design operations like speed-no-load (SNL). No energy is extracted from the flow at SNL operation, but the runner rotates at the synchronous speed linked to the electrical grid. The flow inside the runner of low-head turbines operating at SNL is often dominated by a columnar vortex array that may induce damaging pressure fluctuations. This paper presents the study of a control device to mitigate those vortices. At SNL, the small guide vane opening leads to a high swirl in the runner generating secondary flows such as columnar vortices and backflows. The proposed concept is to move SNL operation toward a higher guide vane opening and hence lower swirl, preventing the formation of a columnar vortex array. Lowering the input swirl of SNL is accomplished by opening up the guide vanes while using a control device to limit the discharge. The control device, like a spoiler on an aircraft wing, is introduced on the guide vanes to generate added head losses, significantly decreasing the discharge in high guide vane angles. This paper compares the hydrodynamics of the flow in a propeller turbine with different spoiler geometries. The study is based on both Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) and unsteady RANS (URANS) flow simulations. It highlights how such devices can successfully mitigate columnar vortices and their associated pressure fluctuations on runner blades.
Physiological Characteristics of Competitive Male Junior Cyclists Transitioning to the Under-23 Level: A Retrospective Comparative Study
Authors: Hovorka Matthias , Leo Peter , Simon Dieter , Rumpl Clemens , Nimmerichter Alfred 
Published: May 2023

Purpose: The purpose of the current investigation was to retrospectively assess possible differences in physiological performance characteristics between junior cyclists signing a contract with an under-23 (U23) development team versus those failing to sign such a contract. Methods: Twenty-five male junior cyclists (age: 18.1 [0.7] y, stature: 181.9 [6.0] cm, body mass: 69.1 [7.9] kg, peak oxygen uptake: 71.3 [6.2] mL·min−1·kg−1) were assigned to this investigation. Between September and October of the last year in the junior category, each cyclist performed a ramp incremental exercise test to determine certain physiological performance characteristics. Subsequently, participants were divided in 2 groups: (1) those signing a contract with a U23 development team (JUNIORU23) and (2) those failing to sign such a contract (JUNIORNON-U23). Unpaired t tests were used to assess possible between-groups differences in physiological performance characteristics. The level of statistical significance was set at P < .05 two tailed. Results: No significant between-groups differences in submaximal (ie, gas exchange threshold, respiratory compensation point) and maximal physiological performance characteristics (ie, peak work rate, peak oxygen uptake) expressed in absolute values (ie, L·min−1, W) were observed (P > .05). However, significant between-groups differences were observed when physiological performance characteristics were expressed relative to the cyclists’ body weights (P < .05). Conclusions: The current investigation showed that junior cyclists stepping up to a U23 development team might be retrospectively differentiated from junior cyclists not stepping up based on certain physiological performance characteristics, which might inform practitioners and/or federations working with young cyclists during the long-term athletic development process.
The Social Profile of Hippocrates’ Patients
Authors: Harris W.V. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The seven books of the Hippocratic Epidemics appear to make it possible to describe the social profile of the patients who frequented Greek doctors from the mid-fifth to the mid-fourth centuries, and in particular to decide whether doctors attended mainly to the well-to-do. Previous studies have concentrated on the epigraphical evidence for the high status of many of the Thasian patients who are named in Books 1 and 3. But we need to account for the artisan occupations of some of the patients who are described in the other five books (are these patients typical?) and for the marked stylistic and other discrepancies that distinguish Books 1 and 3 from the rest. Endorsing an unconventionally early date for these books, the author suggests that the mention of artisan occupations in the other books is a sign of a degree of social democratization in the medical profession.
The Shadow-Texts of National History: Poetic Participation in Iran and Afghanistan
Authors: Fani Aria 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This article analyzes a little-known practice called iqtirāḥ—“test of poetic talent” or “poetic competition”—that proliferated in twentieth-century Persian-language periodicals. It examines two case studies: one in Tehran in 1928, which mythologized Nādir Shah (r. 1736–1747), a Turko-Persian monarch, as a national hero, and one in Kabul in 1932, which eulogized Muḥammad Nādir Shah (r. 1920–1933), a ruling monarch at the time, for restoring an Afghan homeland imagined as unified. The article frames iqtirāḥ as an afterlife of Persianate modes of sociability that were reconfigured by modern periodicals to serve the demands of romantic nationalism in the twentieth century. By critically examining the ways in which poetic composition interacts with the formation of a national historiography, this article also shows that any clear-cut distinction between the two is arbitrary.
Translation after the Persianate? Omar Khayyam and Late Perso-Ottoman Poetic Connectivity
Authors: Ozdemir Mehtap 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This article focuses on late Ottoman/Turkish translations of Omar Khayyam’s Rubaiyat (“quatrains”) as part of Perso-Ottoman poetic connectivity in the early twentieth century. Situating the reception of Omar Khayyam’s Rubaiyat at the nexus of world literature, literary historiography, and translatability, the article explores the methodological affordances of translation to redress the overdominance of discursive and historical points of rupture in studies of late Persianate literatures. To that end, the article offers a comparative reading of Hüseyin Daniş’s Rubaiyat-ı Ömer Hayyam (1927), Rıza Tevfik’s Ömer Hayyam ve Rubaileri (1945), both of which are based on their co-authored translation in 1922, and Mevlevi Mustafa Rüşdi b. Mehmet Tevfik’s translation of Khayyam’s quatrains (1931–32). By way of specific attention to translation as hermeneutics, this article suggests that translating after the Persianate did not involve a straight shift from regional translation practices to translation proper nor was it exclusively a modus operandi of literary and linguistic nationalism. In drawing attention to how translation can accommodate both synchronic and diachronic mobility, the article therefore calls for alternative comparative methodologies which attend to persistent textual practices as well as conjunctural discourses in literary history.
Rare Rupture of Small 4.3 cm Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Beeson Seth T. , Faulkner Justin D. , Coffey Dale D. , Eskew Thomas D. 
Published: May 2023

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a common medical condition with the feared, and often fatal, complication of rupture. The risk of rupture has been well documented to correlate with aneurysm size. It is exceedingly rare for an AAA less than 5 cm to rupture. This case report demonstrates an asymptomatic 4.3 cm AAA that ruptured while admitted to the hospital with COVID-19 pneumonia. The patient was successfully managed with an endovascular aortoiliac stent graft. Although rare, in patients with small AAA, rupture must remain in the differential diagnosis in the setting of acute onset abdominal or back pain. Furthermore, when quickly recognized, these patients can be safely managed with an endovascular approach.
Experiences of Sign Language Interpreters and Perspectives of Interpreting Administrators During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Description
Authors: Roman Gretchen , Samar Vincent , Ossip Deborah , McKee Michael , Barnett Steven , Yousefi-Nooraie Reza 
Published: May 2023

Objective: Interpreting during the COVID-19 pandemic caused stress and adverse mental health among sign language interpreters. The objective of this study was to summarize the pandemic-related work experiences of sign language interpreters and interpreting administrators upon transitioning from on-site to remote work. Methods: From March through August 2021, we conducted focus groups with 22 sign language interpreters in 5 settings, 1 focus group for each setting: staff, educational, community/freelance, video remote interpreting, and video relay services. We also conducted 5 individual interviews with interpreting administrators or individuals in positions of administrative leadership in each represented setting. The 22 interpreters had a mean (SD) age of 43.4 (9.8) years, 18 were female, 17 were White, all identified as hearing, and all worked a mean (SD) of 30.6 (11.6) hours per week in remote interpreting. We asked participants about the positive and negative consequences of transitioning from on-site to remote at-home interpreting. We established a thematic framework by way of qualitative description for data analysis. Results: We found considerable overlap across positive and negative consequences identified by interpreters and interpreting administrators. Positive consequences of transitioning from on-site to remote-at-home interpreting were realized across 5 overarching topic areas: organizational support, new opportunities, well-being, connections/relationships, and scheduling. Negative consequences emerged across 4 overarching topic areas: technology, financial aspects, availability of the interpreter workforce, and concerns about the occupational health of interpreters. Conclusions: The positive and negative consequences shared by interpreters and interpreting administrators provide foundational knowledge upon which to create recommendations for the anticipated sustainment of some remote interpreting practice in a manner that protects and promotes occupational health.
Leg volume reduction during tiptoe movement is caused by venous ejection and calf muscle contraction
Authors: Suehiro Kotaro , Morikage Noriyasu , Harada Takasuke , Takeuchi Yuriko , Ike Soichi , Otsuka Ryo , Sakamoto Ryunosuke , Kurazumi Hiroshi , Suzuki Ryo , Hamano Kimikazu 
Published: May 2023

Objectives To clarify the cause of leg volume reduction during tiptoe movement in the standing position. Methods The right legs of 20 participants were assessed. The participants performed tiptoe movement in the supine position, and then stood up and performed the tiptoe movement and ankle dorsiflexion. Leg volume changes were recorded continuously using air plethysmography. Results Differences between leg volume changes due to tiptoe movement and the refilling volumes were not significantly different between the supine (59 mL) and standing (49 mL) positions, indicating that this amount of motion artifact was included in the downward trace recorded by tiptoe movement in the standing position. Conclusions Leg volume reduction during tiptoe movement in the standing position included a significant amount of motion artifacts. Therefore, it may be difficult to accurately measure the ejection volume using tiptoe movement in the standing position.
Development and in functional study of a bi-specific sustained release drug-loaded nano-liposomes for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Yufei , Wu Xiaoxiong , Zhu Hongfan , Cong Yun 
Published: May 2023

Background Lenvatinib (LEN) is a first-line therapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but has a larger adverse effect profile. In this study, we developed a liposome with drug-carrying function and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) imaging function to investigate the targeted drug-carrying function and MRI tracing ability of liposome for HCC. Methods Magnetic nano-liposomes (MNL) with dual targeting function of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) and vimentin and capable of encapsulating LEN drugs were prepared. The characterization performance, drug loading efficiency and cytotoxicity of EpCAM/vimentin-LEN-MNL were tested, and the dual-targeting slow release drug loading function and MRI tracing ability were investigated in cellular and animal models. Results EpCAM/vimentin-LEN-MNL has a mean particle size of 218.37 ± 5.13 nm and a mean potential of 32.86 ± 4.62 mV, and is spherical in shape and can be uniformly dispersed in solution. The encapsulation rate was 92.66 ± 0.73% and the drug loading rate was 9.35 ± 0.16%. It has low cytotoxicity, can effectively inhibit HCC cell proliferation and promote HCC cell apoptosis, and has specific targeting function and MRI tracing ability for HCC cells. Conclusions In this study, an HCC-specific dual-targeted sustained-release drug delivery liposome with dual-targeted recognition and sensitive MRI tracer was successfully prepared, which provides an important scientific basis for maximizing the multiple effects of nano-carriers in tumor diagnosis and treatment.
A comparative study of multiple music signal noise reduction algorithms in music processing
Authors: Ma Songqing 
Published: May 2023

Electronic music is susceptible to noise in production, which needs to be processed. This paper analyzed several commonly used noise reduction algorithms, including wiener filtering, wavelet transform, spectral subtraction, and improved spectral subtraction, and then compared the noise reduction performance of several algorithms by producing noisy music datasets in the audio analysis tool librosa. It was found from the experimental results that the wavelet transform algorithm performed best when sym3 was used as the wavelet basis function, and the number of decomposition layers was 7. The comparison of different algorithms showed that the performance of the wiener filtering algorithm was poor in reducing noise, and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and signal distortion ratio (SDR) was low; the performance of the improved spectral subtraction algorithm was the best, and the SNR and SDR were 20.36 dB and 17.94 dB, respectively, when the SNR was −8 dB, which were better than the other algorithms. The experimental results demonstrate the reliability of the improved spectral subtraction method in music signal noise reduction. The algorithm can be applied in practical music processing.
Toluene-Induced Behavioral Sensitization is Attenuated by Voluntary Physical Exercise and Social Interaction
Authors: Oros-González Alain , Mercadillo Roberto E , Mosco-Aquino Ricardo , Páez-Martínez Nayeli 
Published: May 2023

Toluene-based inhalants found in some common products, such as paint thinner or glues, may be used to induce intoxication. Though addiction may be one of its most detrimental consequences, treatment options are insufficient or limited. Environmental enrichment (EE) refers to housing conditions that enhance sensory, cognitive, and motor stimulation. This paradigm induces beneficial effects in a variety of animal models of brain disorders, and also in animal models of drug addiction. Previous studies have shown that toluene induces behavioral sensitization and that EE treatment can reduce this response. Since EE comprises a variety of elements, the aim of the present study was to group mice into five different types of EE-shaping housing conditions (4 weeks) and to identify which of them are key elements in attenuating toluene-induced behavioral sensitization. The experimental groups were: Standard housing with conspecifics; EE with conspecifics; Toys stimulation with conspecifics; Exercise wheels with conspecifics; and Wheel and toy isolated. Mice in Standard housing and previously exposed to toluene exhibited high locomotor activity, suggesting behavioral sensitization. When animals were exposed to toluene and then housed in EE with conspecifics or Exercise wheels with conspecifics conditions an attenuation of behavioral sensitization was observed ( p < 0.001; 100% and 75% effectiveness, respectively). Toy with conspecifics housing also reduced behavioral sensitization, but in a less proportion than the two previous mentioned treatments ( p < 0.002; 33.5% effectiveness). Mice in the Wheel and toy isolated housing did not show significant changes in the assessed behavior ( p = 0.061; 12.4% effectiveness). We suggest that exercise and social interaction are the key enriched main elements to attenuate toluene-induced behavioral sensitization. Our results advise preclinical strategies for inhalant abuse interventions based on social interactions and physical exercise. Also, they provide guidelines to develop experimental models with diverse environments and groups that lead us to understand the complexity of environmental enrichment.
Predicting the Response of Children and Adolescents With ADHD to Methylphenidate: A Systematic Review
Authors: Pagnier Maryse 
Published: May 2023

Objective: To report the characteristics associated with response to methylphenidate (MPH) in children and adolescents with ADHD. Methods: Studies reporting potentials predictors of response to MPH were searched in Medline and Embase from January 1998 to March 2022. Narrative synthesis was performed. Results: Fifty-seven reports of 46 studies totaling 6,656 ADHD patients were included. No association appears between response to MPH and age, gender, MPH dosage, ADHD subtype, comorbidities nor socioeconomic status when considering a specific patient. No conclusion could be drawn about body weight, ADHD severity, intelligence quotient, and parental symptoms of depression or ADHD. Conclusions: None of these potential predictors have proven their usefulness to predict response to MPH on an individual basis in clinical practice. In research, potential predictors should be measured, their association with response to MPH assessed, in order to control for confounding variables when modeling response to MPH.
Exploring social stages of play through eye to I© intervention model
Authors: Schuchert Sara Ann , Khattar Shivangi , Tekkar Purva , Rathour Aastha , Dawar Savita , Gupta Parul 
Published: May 2023

The study explores the role of the Eye to I© intervention model in facilitating advancement through social stages of play in which skills contribute to the quality of social interaction and communication in children with autism. Data were collected on 11 participants, ages of 2–6 years, formally diagnosed with autism, receiving Eye to I© Social Communication therapy at Potentials Therapy Center, New Delhi, India. Eye to I© is developed in-house at Potentials and is further discussed in the paper. All participants attended a form of group intervention. A mixed-method design included quantitative measures administered pre and post intervention (Communication DEALL Developmental Checklist, Communication Matrix) and video coding of Social Communication sessions. Qualitative measures were semi-structured parent interviews conducted at the end of intervention. Thematic analysis and quantitative statistical analysis results show that by the end of the Eye to I© intervention period children engaged in social stages of play of greater developmental complexity and showed increased scores in assessments of social skills as well as generalization of skills. This suggests that skill acquisition necessary to directly support two diagnostic criteria areas of autism as per DSM-V; i.e., communication and social interaction occurred during the period of intervention.
Study on terahertz spectrum variation of inner package with different wrapped objects
Authors: Wang Jie , Yan Shihan , Peng Liang , Zhang Hua , Zhu Lianghong , Long Sha , Wu Hao , Zhang Xiaoxuan 
Published: May 2023

Terahertz (THz) nondestructive testing has emerged as a promising tool for public security check due to its superior detection accuracy and sensitivity for hidden objects under clothing. However, it is unknown if material composition and textile structure of clothing will influence the THz spectrum of the hidden objects. In this paper, the THz time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) was used to detect several natural and artificial fabrics containing pure amino acids with characteristic absorption peaks between 0.2 and 1.6 THz. The results show that the absorption peaks of AAs of various cloth materials have different degrees of decrease and redshift. In addition, the absorption peaks of the THz spectrum disappear when the textile structure is destroyed. Moreover, the simulation results also verify that the textile structure has an obvious effect on the THz field distribution. In this sense, it is necessary to analyze the material composition and textile structure when detecting hidden objects under clothing using the THz signal.
Applying the Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders in a Case of Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis With Emotional Comorbidity
Authors: Peláez Trinidad , López-Carrillero Raquel , Subirana-Mirete Judit , Ochoa Susana , Osma Jorge 
Published: May 2023

This case study aims to describe the application of the Unified Protocol (UP) for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders in the case of a 30-year-old patient with a diagnosis of Ultra-high Risk for Psychosis (UHR) and comorbid anxiety and depression. UP is a psychological intervention that uses cognitive-behavioral techniques whose objective is to reduce emotional dysregulation, which is one of the transdiagnostic mechanisms of emotional disorders. UP has demonstrated its efficacy in samples of patients with emotional disorders. Frank was a 30-year-old man diagnosed with UHR and other emotional disorders (major depressive disorder, bulimia nervosa, generalized anxiety disorder, and social anxiety disorder) who underwent the UP intervention in 15 group and online sessions, lasting 2 hours each, over the course of 4 months. At the 6-month follow-up evaluation, Frank presented significant improvement in all emotional and functioning variables: anxious and depressive symptoms, negative and positive affect, neuroticism and extraversion, emotional dysregulation, maladjustment, and quality of life. There was also a reduction in subthreshold psychotic symptoms. Frank no longer met the criteria for any emotional disorder. We also found an improvement trend, although not significant, in other variables such as insight and cognitive biases measured with specific questionnaires for psychosis. Frank attended all treatment and follow-up sessions and rated the program very positively. UP may be a clinically useful treatment for young people with comorbid UHR and emotional disorders in the early stages of mental health illnesses that could improve clinical and functional outcomes.