bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Standoff detection of bacterial spores by field deployable coherent Raman spectroscopy.
Authors: Coluccelli Nicola , Galzerano Gianluca , Laporta Paolo , Kurtis Kelly , Lonsdale Claire , Padgen Debbie , Howle Chris , Cerullo Giulio 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Vibrational spectroscopies offer great potential for standoff detection of chemical and biological warfare agents, avoiding contamination to the operator and equipment. Among them, particularly promising is Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) spectroscopy, using synchronized pump/Stokes laser pulses to set up a vibrational coherence of target molecules at a laser focus, which is read by further interaction with a probe pulse, resulting in the emission of a coherent beam detectable at a distance. CARS has previously demonstrated the capability to detect bacterial spores based on the Raman spectrum of the characteristic molecule calcium dipicolinate (CaDPA); however, a complex and bulky laser technology, which is only suitable for a laboratory environment, was employed. Here we develop a broadband CARS setup based on a compact, industrial grade ytterbium laser system. We demonstrate high signal-to-noise ratio detection of Bacillus atrophaeus spores at a concentration of 10^5 cfu/mm2, at a standoff distance of 1 m, and an acquisition time of 1 s. Our system, which combines chemical specificity and sensitivity along with improved ruggedness and portability, paves the way to a new generation of instruments for real-world standoff detection of chemical and biological threats.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Lipidomic Fingerprint of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Dakterzada Farida , Benítez Iván D. , Targa Adriano , Carnes Anna , Pujol Montse , Jové Mariona , Mínguez Olga , Vaca Rafi , Sánchez-de-la-Torre Manuel , Barbé Ferran , Pamplona Reinald , Piñol-Ripoll Gerard 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) has a high prevalence in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Both conditions have been shown to be associated with lipid dysregulation. However, the relationship between OSA severity and alterations in lipid metabolism in the brains of patients with AD has yet to be fully elucidated. In this context, we examined the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lipidome of patients with suspected OSA to identify potential diagnostic biomarkers and to provide insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the effect of OSA on AD.
Methods: The study included 91 consecutive AD patients who underwent overnight polysomnography (PSG) to diagnose severe OSA (apnoea-hypopnea index ≥30/h). The next morning, CSF samples were collected and analysed by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry in an LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS platform.
Results: The CSF levels of 11 lipid species were significantly different between AD patients with and without severe OSA. Five lipids were significantly correlated with specific PSG measures of OSA severity related to sleep fragmentation and hypoxemia. Our analyses revealed a 4-lipid signature (including oxidized ceramide OxCer(40:6)) and three unknown lipids) that provided an accuracy of 0.80 (95% CI: 0.71–0.89) in the detection of severe OSA. These lipids increased the discriminative power of the STOP-Bang questionnaire in terms of the area under the curve (AUC) from 0.61 (0.50-0.74) to 0.85 (0.71-0.93).
Conclusions: Our results reveal a CSF lipidomic fingerprint that allows the identification of AD patients with severe OSA. Our findings suggest that an increase in central nervous system lipoxidation may be the principal mechanism underlying the association between OSA and AD.
A Prospective Study of Chronic Postsurgical Pain in Elderly Patients: Prevalence, Characteristics and Risk factors
Authors: Jin Juying , Zhang Ting , Xiong Xianwei , Chen Huan , Jiang Yiling , He Shuangyu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background Considering the continued growth of surgical procedures in older adults and the significant impact of chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP), it is crucial to improve our understanding of the occurrence of CPSP as well as the appropriate prevention and treatment. We therefore conducted this study to determine the prevalence, characteristics and risk factors of CPSP in elderly patients at both 3 and 6 months after surgery.
Methods Elderly patients (aged ≥ 60 years) undergoing elective surgery in our institution between April 2018 and March 2020 were prospectively enrolled in this study. Data on demographics, preoperative psychological well-being, intraoperative surgical and anesthesia management, and acute postoperative pain intensity were collected. At 3 and 6 months after surgery, patients received telephone interview and completed the questionnaires regarding chronic pain characteristics, analgesic consumption, and interference of the pain with activities of daily living (ADL).
ResultsA total of 1165 elderly patients were followed up for 6 postoperative months and included in final analysis. At 3 and 6 months after operation, the prevalence of CPSP was 35.6% and 21.5 %, respectively. CPSP cause negative impacts on patient’s ADL and most particularly on mood. Neuropathic pain was found in 45.1% of the patients with CPSP at 3 months. At 6 months, 31.0% of those with CPSP reported that the pain had neuropathic features. Preoperative anxiety, preoperative depression, orthopedic surgery, higher pain severity on movement within postoperative 24 h predicted CPSP independently at both 3 and 6 months after surgery.
Conclusions CPSP is a common postoperative complication in elderly surgical patients. Predictors for CPSP in the elderly included preoperative anxiety and depression, orthopedic surgery, and greater intensity of acute postoperative pain on movement.
Application of the NCCN-distress thermometer in pediatric patients during autologous and allogeneic HSCT and relationship to blood parameters of the stress axis
Authors: Malaval Carmen Isolde , Stanchi Karin Melanie Cabanillas , Werle Dustin , Thiel Stefanie , Gansel Melanie , Lang Peter , Handgretinger Rupert , Svaldi Jennifer , Döring Michaela 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (HSCT) are extremely stressful procedures for pediatric patients. The activation of the Hypothalamic pituitary adrenocortical axis (HPA) can influence the immune system negatively and therefore the overall outcome. A screening instrument should be established to detect elevated stress levels.
Methods
In this prospective study, a distress thermometer with attached problem list was used in 40 pediatric patients and their parents. The patients were aged 10 to 18 years and received a HSCT. Furthermore, the patients' cortisol, thyroid stimulating hormone, free triiodothyronine and Thyroxine levels were measured regularly during the inpatient stay.
Results
After admission to the hospital, the stress levels of the pediatric patients and their parents increased and reached their maximum on the day of HSCT. The overall stress values of the parents were higher than those of the children, with a significant difference on the day of HSCT. The mean cortisol values of the pediatric patients also increased after admission, reaching significant elevated levels above the upper norm limit one week after HSCT and on discharge day. While the pediatric patients experienced mainly exhaustion, especially on the day of transplantation, their parents mainly felt worry and anxiety. Interestingly, the rate of worry among children increased in the posttransplant period and reached its maximum on the day of discharge.
Conclusions
These results confirm the need for early and continuous psycho-oncological intervention with the pediatric patients and their parents, especially up to the day of HSCT.
The radiotherapy planning CT-based multi-omics for predicting the radiation pneumonitis in lung cancer patients: A multi-center study
Authors: Niu Lishui , Chu Xianjing , Yang Xianghui , Zhao Hongxiang , Chen Liu , Deng Fuxing , Liang Zhan , Jing Di , Zhou Rongrong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
To predict the risk of radiation pneumonitis (RP), deep learning (DL) models were built to stratify lung cancer patients. Our study also investigated the impact of RP on survival.
Methods
This study retrospectively collected 100 RP and 99 matched non-RP lung cancer patients treated with radiotherapy from two independent centers. These patients were randomly divided into training (n = 175) and validation cohorts (n = 24). The radiomics and dosiomics features were extracted from radiation planning computed tomography (CT). Clinical information was retrospectively collected from the electronic medical record database. All features were screened by LASSO cox regression. A multi-omics prediction model was developed by the optimal algorithm and estimated the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Overall survival (OS) between RP, non-RP, mild-RP, and severe-RP groups was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method.
Results
There were eventually selected 16 radiomics features, 2 dosiomics features, and 1 clinical feature to build the best multi-omics model. GLRLM_Gray Level Non Uniformity Normalized and GLCM_MCC from PTV were essential dosiomics features, and T stage was a paramount clinical feature. The optimal performance for predicting RP was the AUC of testing set [0.94, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.939-1.000)] and the AUC of external validation set [0.92, 95% CI (0.80-1.00)]. All RP patients were divided into mild-RP and severe-RP group according to RP grade (≤ 2 grade and > 2 grade). The median OS was 31 months (95% CI, 28–39) for non-RP group compared with 49 months (95% CI, 36-NA) for RP group (HR = 0.53, P = 0.0022). Among RP subgroup, the median OS was 57months (95% CI, 47-NA) for mild-RP and 25 months (95% CI, 29-NA) for severe-RP, and mild-RP group exhibited a longer OS (HR = 3.72, P < 0.0001).
Conclusion
The multi-omics model contributed to improvement in the accuracy of the RP prediction. Interestingly, this study also demonstrated that compared with non-RP patients, RP patients displayed longer OS, especially mild-RP.
Clinical characteristics of uterine metastasis in epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Wang TianMei , Li Cong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose

Ovarian epithelial malignant tumor spreads directly and easily spreads to the serous surface of the uterus. However, whether invasion and metastasis occur in the uterine parenchyma is unknown. Its metastasis rate and its related clinical characteristics reveal that ovarian cancer surgery with uterus preservation provides objective data support.

Methods

The data of patients with ovarian cancer who underwent hysterectomy from January 1, 2017, to March 31, 2022, were collected retrospectively, and the distribution of actual uterine metastasis and possible factors related to clinical characteristics were analyzed.

Results

A total of 464 patients were included, and the uterine metastasis rate was 38.58%, with 29.09% confirmed by pathology, including 4.96% of myometrial metastasis and 1.51% of endometrial metastasis. The occurrence of metastasis is positively related to the Ca125, HE4, unilateral or bilateral ovarian lesions, diameter of the ovarian tumor, clinical stage, whether the fallopian tube is metastatic, pathological type, pathological grade, degree of differentiation, ascites/ peritoneal washout evidence, the timing of surgery, and whether there is extrauterine organ metastasis in the pelvic cavity, and negatively related to whether there is endometriosis.

Conclusion

The incidence of uterine myometrial metastasis of ovarian cancer is 4.96%. The assessment of risk factors, such as unilateral or bilateral ovarian lesions, oviduct metastasis and pelvic metastasis may provide assistance to patients undergoing fertility-preserving surgical treatment.
Trial registration number:2020-636
Improving breastfeeding support through the implementation of the baby friendly hospital and community initiatives: a scoping review
Authors: Walsh Aisling , Pieterse Pieternella , Mishra Nita , Chirwa Ellen , Chikalipo Maria , Msowoya Chimwemwe , Cheitin Ciara Ni , Matthews Anne 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Improved breastfeeding practices have the potential to save the lives of over 823,000 children under 5 years old globally every year. The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) is a global campaign by the World Health Organization and the United Nations Children's Fund, which promotes best practice to support breastfeeding in maternity services. The Baby-Friendly Community Initiative (BFCI) grew out of step 10, with a focus on community-based implementation. The aim of this scoping review is to map and examine the evidence relating to the implementation of BFHI and BFCI globally.
Methods
This scoping review was conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews. Inclusion criteria followed the Population, Concepts, Contexts approach. All articles were screened by two reviewers, using Covidence software. Data were charted according to: country, study design, setting, study population, BFHI steps, study aim and objectives, description of intervention, summary of results, barriers and enablers to implementation, evidence gaps, and recommendations. Qualitative and quantitative descriptive analyses were undertaken.
Results
A total of 279 articles were included in the review. Patterns identified were: i) national policy and health systems: effective and visible national leadership is needed, demonstrated with legislation, funding and policy; ii) hospital policy is crucial, especially in becoming breastfeeding friendly and neonatal care settings iii) implementation of specific steps; iv) the BFCI is implemented in only a few countries and government resources are needed to scale it; v) health worker breastfeeding knowledge and training needs strengthening to ensure long term changes in practice; vi) educational programmes for pregnant and post-partum women are essential for sustained exclusive breastfeeding. Evidence gaps include study design issues and need to improve the quality of breastfeeding data and to perform prevalence and longitudinal studies.
Conclusion
At a national level, political support for BFHI implementation supports expansion of Baby friendly hospitals. Ongoing quality assurance is essential, as is systematic (re)assessment of BFHI designated hospitals. Baby friendly hospitals should provide breastfeeding support that favours long-term healthcare relationships across the perinatal period. These results can help to support and further enable the effective implementation of BFHI and BFCI globally.
Biomes of the world under climate change scenarios: increasing aridity and higher temperatures lead to significant shifts in natural vegetation
Authors: Bonannella Carmelo , Hengl Tomislav , Parente Leandro , de Bruin Sytze 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The global potential distribution of biomes (natural vegetation) was modelled using 8959 training points from the BIOME 6000 dataset and a stack of 72 environmental covariates representing terrain and the current climatic conditions based on historical long term averages (1979–2013). An ensemble machine learning model based on stacked regularization was used, with multinomial logistic regression as the meta-learner and spatial blocking (100 km) to deal with spatial autocorrelation of the training points. Results of spatial cross-validation for the BIOME 6000 classes show an overall accuracy of 0.67 and R2logloss of 0.61, with ”tropical evergreen broadleaf forest” being the class with highest gain in predictive performances (R2logloss = 0.74) and ”prostrate dwarf shrub tundra” the class with the lowest (R2logloss = -0.09) compared to the baseline. Temperature-related covariates were the most important predictors, with the mean diurnal range (BIO2) being shared by all the base-learners (i.e. random forest, gradient boosted trees and generalized linear models). The model was next used to predict the distribution of future biomes for the periods 2040–2060 and 2061–2080 under three climate change scenarios (RCP 2.6, 4.5 and 8.5). Comparisons of predictions for the three epochs (present, 2040–2060 and 2061–2080) show that increasing aridity and higher temperatures will likely result in significant shifts in natural vegetation in the tropical area (shifts from tropical forests to savannas up to 1.7 × 105 km2 by 2080) and around the Arctic Circle (shifts from tundra to boreal forests up to 2.4 × 105 km2 by 2080). Projected global maps at 1 km spatial resolution are provided as probability and hard classes maps for BIOME 6000 classes and as hard classes maps for the IUCN classes (6 aggregated classes). Uncertainty maps (prediction error) are also provided and should be used for careful interpretation of the future projections.
Study of morphological features and growth parameters of psychrophilic microalgae and cyanobacteria
Authors: Dolganyuk V. F. , Kashirskikh E. V. , Budenkova E. A. , Andreeva A. P. , Sukhikh S. A. 
Published: January 2023

Recently, a question of producing a complex of biologically active substances from microalgae has aroused widespread interest. It is known that microalgae are able to produce a significant amount of exopolysaccharides. The aim of this work was to study morphological features and growth parameters of psychrophilic microalgae and cyanobacteria for the subsequent production of exopolysaccharides. The morphology of microalgae was observed using a binocular microscope. Growth parameters were studied by spectrophotometry; parameters of the culture medium were determined using a pH-meter. Exponential dependency graphs that show the dynamics and expected growth rate of microalgae were built. A rate of growth and polysaccharide biosynthesis in microalgae was determined upon changing the light intensity from 50 to130 mmol/m2/s. The highest level of cell counts in the logarithmic growth phase was up to 0.8 for Scenedesmus obtusiusculus Chod IPPAS S-329. A level of cells also varied in the deceleration phase from 0.25 for Ankistrodesmus acicularis Korsch IPPAS А-218 to 1.8 for Scenedesmus obtusiusculus Chod IPPAS S-329. Microalgae showed a high level of biomass accumulation under alkalophylic conditions. Eukaryotic algae actively photosynthesized at a pH of more than 8.0 and a temperature of 30 °C.The maximum activity at the level of pH 3.0/3.2 in the lag phase was 100% in C-1509 Nannochloris sp. Naumann. Microalga C-1509 Nannochloris sp. Naumann showed a high level of biomass accumulation under alkalophylic conditions; it photosynthesized at a pH of more than 8.0 and a temperature of 30 °C. It has been proved that neutrophiles can grow at pH lower than 3.0; this corresponds to the results of the experiments with the collection strains of microalgae with biomass productivity of 27.3%. At the alkaline pH values of 8.3-9.0, biomass productivity reduced from 46.0 to 37.2%. It is especially interesting that at the alkaline pH values of 7.5 and 8.0 biomass productivity of microalgae increased, which indicates the optimal growth conditions at this narrow pH range. An ability of microalgae to produce exopolysaccharides opens prospects of their use for practical purposes.
Neophobia: socio-ethical problems of innovative technologies of the food industry
Authors: Smykov I. T. 
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this review work is to consider the impact of socio-ethical problems on the acceptance of new food products by potential consumers and the issues of manufacturers of these products when introducing innovative technologies. The causes of neophobia of innovative technologies in the food industry are considered on specific examples of the use of nanotechnology, genetic modification technologies, ionization and processing by electromagnetic fields, as well as 3D food printing. It is noted that the public is little aware of innovative food technologies, while its attitude depends on how these technologies are used and promoted. Proper public information is critical to the long-term success of introducing and developing innovative technologies in the food industry. It is shown that the modern intensive development of information technologies, together with a synergistic set of innovative food technologies, allows making a gradual transition to the production of personalized digital food systems that have functionality, good taste, and safety with minimal negative impact on the environment.
The problem of grained salmonid roe falsification and ways for its solution
Authors: Abramova L. S. , Kozin A. V. , Guseva E. S. 
Published: January 2023

The paper examines the problem of falsification of edible fish products, which concerns producers and consumers worldwide. Food products are most often falsified by imparting them some of the most typical features, for example appearance, upon the overall worsening or losing the other most significant properties of nutritional value, including safety. Market analysis shows that there is a tendency of replacing natural roe with imitated roe by its selling in metal and glass jars with indication of the address of the Far Eastern producer. It has been established that the protein content is not higher than one percent upon imitated roe production using modern technologies. To establish product authenticity, a methodology for measuring the protein mass fraction in grained salmonid roe by the Kjeldahl method was developed. The metrological characteristic of the developed methodology in three concentration ranges is presented. The used values can serve for identification of claimed properties with the specified indicators of accuracy, trueness, repeatability and reproducibility. In addition to the methodology, product organoleptic indicators are proposed, including assessment of appearance, consistency, taste, odor, as well as specific features of the cooking test that can serve as distinctive features and are taken into consideration in identification of grained salmonid roe.
Influence of redox processes on the antioxidant activity of the symbiotic starter biomass
Authors: Donskaya G. A. , Krekker L. G. 
Published: January 2023

The biological system of the microbial antioxidant protection is a subject of a certain level of the physiological oxidative process. To prevent oxidation, a regulator of intracellular metabolism, tripeptide glutathione, is accumulated in cells. Glutathione is very important for the antioxidant response and maintenance of intracellular redox potential. Its role in several metabolic adaptive symbiotic processes of yeasts and lactic acid bacteria is not completely elucidated and is of scientific and practical interest. Glycine is a component of the polypeptide chain and substances that form the primary structure of glutathione. The aim of this study was to determine an effect of the redox processes on the antioxidant activity through regulation of the level of the glutathione constituent, glycine, in a nutrient medium to obtain the microbial biomass of the multicomponent starter culture. As a result of the performed investigations, a direct dependence between the antioxidant activity calculated by the coulometric method and concentration of glycine introduced into the nutrient medium was determined. It has been established that addition of 0.2–0.8% of glycine leads to a decrease in the redox potential. The results reflected in this publication show that the process of the development of aerobic microorganisms in the presence of reducing substances occurs quite actively. The number of yeasts increased from 1.6· 104 to 3.6· 105 CFU/g during 24-hour incubation. An increase in glycine from 0.5 to 0.8% enhanced the development of both anaerobic and aerobic microorganisms. It has been found that an increase in the glycine concentration from 0.8% to 1.5% shifted the process toward the oxidative metabolism; an amount of reduced glutathione in the culture liquid increased practically twofold, while the concentration of oxidized glutathione in the test sample was in a range of 0 to 5%. This allows regarding glutathione as a potential regulator of the redox processes and antioxidant activity of biomass of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts.