bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the influence on structural seismic performance by the composite reinforcement method
Authors: Chu Yunpeng , Yi Gangxin , Song Gu , Liang Feng , Gong Yindong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper proposed three composite strengthening methods for repairing seismic‐damaged RC frames to restore their seismic capacity. Combined with the damage characteristics and failure mode of the frame under the earthquake action, the local strengthening of the column adopts the angle steel and gusset plate, and then the whole frame is strengthened by the inclined brace, the thin‐walled steel plate and the V‐shaped buckling restrained brace (BRB), respectively. Through the cyclic loading test, the main seismic indexes of the strengthened specimen, including hysteresis curve, skeleton curve, ductility, energy dissipation capacity, and stiffness degradation, are studied. The influence of different strengthening methods on the seismic performance of the seismic‐damaged specimens is analyzed. The results show that the seismic performance of strengthened specimens is significantly improved, and the bearing capacity, ductility, and energy dissipation capacity are increased by 2.58–5.57, 1.05–1.24, and 7.67–15.87 times, respectively. The thin‐walled steel plate shear wall and the inclined brace are destroyed at first during loading to effectively delay the premature destruction of the main frame. The composite strengthening method makes the original frame realize the failure mechanism of “strong joint weak member, strong column weak beam” under strong earthquake action. The strengthened specimen satisfies the seismic requirement and has good seismic performance. The seismic performance of the frame strengthened with the V‐shaped BRB is better than that of the other two strengthening methods. Based on the test date, the formula for calculating the shear‐bearing capacity of the beam end is presented.
Phylogenetic analysis of avian schistosome Trichobilharzia regenti (Schistosomatidae, Digenea) from naturally infected hosts in northern Iran
Authors: Kia Lashaki Elham , Bozorgomid Arezoo , Gholami Shirzad , Karamian Mehdi , Fakhar Mahdi , Dodangeh Samira 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundTrichobilharzia regenti (T. regenti) is an avian schistosomatid fluke species that causes human cercarial dermatitis (HCD) in areas of aquaculture in northern Iran. Understanding the phylogenetic relationships and genetic diversity of this thread‐like fluke will deepen our thoughtful of avian schistosomiasis epidemiology and lead to more effective HCD control in the region.ObjectivesTo determine the life cycle of nasal Trichobilharzia in aquatic birds as well as aquatic snails and also identify the haplotype diversity of the isolates in Mazandaran Province, northern Iran.MethodsIn the present study, adult or egg of Trichobilharzia isolated from aquatic birds as well as schistosomes cercariae isolated from aquatic snails in Mazandaran Province, northern Iran, belonged to the authors' previous research, were examined. Molecular studies and phylogenetic analysis were carried out on these schistosomes samples.ResultsThe phylogenetic analysis of the ITS1 and COX1 genes in isolated schistosomes revealed that all samples belong to the T. regenti clade. Remarkably, based on phylogenetic results, these schistosomes samples from Anas platyrhynchos domesticus, A. platyrhynchos, Spatula clypeata and Lymnaea stagnalis grouped together with previously sequenced samples from Iran (Trichobilharzia cf. regenti). Unlike the phylogenetic tree and haplotype network of COX1 gene, ITS1 did not show distinct clusters.ConclusionThis study completed the puzzle of the disease in Mazandaran Province by isolating and genotyping furkocercariae from L. stagnalis that was consistent with the isolated new genotype from ducks. For the first time in Iran, this confirmed the potential role of L. stagnalis snails in the transmission of the disease.
Flame retardancy of polypropylene filled with expandable graphite and magnesium hydroxide: The impact of particle size of expandable graphite and its mechanism
Authors: Dong Xiaochen , Yang Xuefan , Liang Shitong , Li Jiaqi , Wang Kesong , Liu Jichun , Chang Haibo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPolypropylene (PP) was modified by expandable graphite (EG) and magnesium hydroxide (MH) to enhance its flame retardancy. The impact of EG particle size on fire behavior of PP/MH/EG ternary composite was studied in detail. The results reveal that EG synergizes markedly with MH in flame‐retarding PP. The PP/MH/EG composite with larger EG particle size displays better flame retardancy, smoke inhibition, acid resistivity, processability, and less toxic gas release upon combustion. The striking contrast derives from differences of charring behavior in condensed phase. The composite with larger EG particle size can produce intumescent char with larger expansion volume and better compactness and continuity, which hinders heat transfer inside polymer composite. Owing to much smaller expansion volume, the composite containing smaller EG particle size cannot generate effective fireproof barrier. As a consequence, this composite exhibits worse fire retardance and smoke inhibition in contrast with the composite with larger EG particle size.
Seeking Emotion Labels for Bodily Reactions: An Experimental Study in Simulated Interviews
Authors: C. Firmino De Souza Debora , Tikka Pia , Ajenaghughrure Ighoyota Ben 
Published: July 2023

AbstractComputers rely on different methods and approaches to assess human affective information. Nevertheless, theoretically and methodologically, emotion is a challenging topic to address in Human-Computer Interaction. Exploring methods for assessing physiological responses to emotional experience and for aiding the emotion recognition features of Intelligent Virtual Agents (IVAs), this study developed an interface prototype for emotion elicitation and simultaneous acquisition of the user’s physiological and self-reported emotional data. Supplementary, the study ventures to combine such data through event-related signal analysis.
Polish Adaptation of the Cybersickness Susceptibility Questionnaire (CSSQ-PL)
Authors: Osęka Laura , Pochwatko Grzegorz , Świdrak Justyna 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe present the Polish adaptation of the Cybersickness Susceptibility Questionnaire (CSSQ) by Freiwald et al. [4] and its short version. To validate the scale, we analyzed the results of 85 participants of the VR artistic experience “Nightsss” in versions with 3 and 6 degrees of freedom. Both long and short versions are characterized by high internal consistency. The validity was analyzed by evaluating the difference between the scores obtained in the CSSQ-PL and the level of experienced cybersickness measured with the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire. The scale is suitable for screening participants in research conducted with the use of immersive virtual reality (VR). Further studies are necessary to confirm the predictive power of the scale.
Baryogenesis from decaying magnetic helicity in axiogenesis
Authors: Co Raymond T. , Domcke Valerie , Harigaya Keisuke 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGenerating axion dark matter through the kinetic misalignment mechanism implies the generation of large asymmetries for Standard Model fermions in the early universe. Even if these asymmetries are washed out at later times, they can trigger a chiral plasma instability in the early universe. Similarly, a direct coupling of the axion with the hypercharge gauge field can trigger a tachyonic instability. These instabilities produce helical magnetic fields, which are preserved until the electroweak phase transition. At the electroweak phase transition, these become a source of baryon asymmetry, which can be much more efficient than the original axiogenesis proposal. We discuss constraints on axion dark matter production from the overproduction of the baryon asymmetry as well as a minimal, albeit fine-tuned setup, where both the correct dark matter abundance and baryon asymmetry can be achieved. For a given axion decay constant, this leads to a sharp prediction for the mass of the radial direction of the Peccei Quinn field, which is a soft mass scale in supersymmetric theories.
Development, circuitry, and function of the zebrafish cerebellum
Authors: Pose-Méndez Sol , Schramm Paul , Valishetti Komali , Köster Reinhard W. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe cerebellum represents a brain compartment that first appeared in gnathostomes (jawed vertebrates). Besides the addition of cell numbers, its development, cytoarchitecture, circuitry, physiology, and function have been highly conserved throughout avian and mammalian species. While cerebellar research in avian and mammals is extensive, systematic investigations on this brain compartment in zebrafish as a teleostian model organism started only about two decades ago, but has provided considerable insight into cerebellar development, physiology, and function since then. Zebrafish are genetically tractable with nearly transparent small-sized embryos, in which cerebellar development occurs within a few days. Therefore, genetic investigations accompanied with non-invasive high-resolution in vivo time-lapse imaging represents a powerful combination for interrogating the behavior and function of cerebellar cells in their complex native environment.
Exploring the distribution of the non-native Umbra pygmaea across European freshwater ecoregions through climatic suitability and locally consumed diet
Authors: Haubrock Phillip J. , Kulessa Anna , Macêdo Rafael Lacerda , Tarkan Ali Serhan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe East American mudminnow Umbra pygmaea was introduced to Europe a century ago and is now established in at least six European countries. Although considered harmless and with low spread potential, this fish species shows potential to colonise a broad range of habitats due to its wide environmental tolerance. Stomach content analyses were conducted over 3 years to obtain a first insight into this species' diet, which could indicate the potential to alter the biotic composition of recipient ecosystems. The results showed that this fish can potentially have a high impact on insects, fish, and even amphibians through predation. Species distribution models further indicated that environmental conditions of Central European ecoregions are currently a limiting factor for the spread of this species which seems, at least for now, to be driven by anthropogenically driven introductions. Considering the species’ potential to be invasive and impact native biota, monitoring of potential spread is recommended.
Islet autoimmunity in human type 1 diabetes: initiation and progression from the perspective of the beta cell
Authors: Thompson Peter J. , Pipella Jasmine , Rutter Guy A. , Gaisano Herbert Y. , Santamaria Pere 
Published: July 2023

AbstractType 1 diabetes results from the poorly understood process of islet autoimmunity, which ultimately leads to the loss of functional pancreatic beta cells. Mounting evidence supports the notion that the activation and evolution of islet autoimmunity in genetically susceptible people is contingent upon early life exposures affecting the islets, especially beta cells. Here, we review some of the recent advances and studies that highlight the roles of these changes as well as antigen presentation and stress response pathways in beta cells in the onset and propagation of the autoimmune process in type 1 diabetes. Future progress in this area holds promise for advancing islet- and beta cell-directed therapies that could be implemented in the early stages of the disease and could be combined with immunotherapies.
Graphical Abstract
Long leg radiographs underestimate the degree of constitutional varus limb alignment and joint line obliquity in comparison with computed tomography: a radiographic study
Authors: Tarassoli Payam , Corban Luke E. , Wood Jil A. , Sergis Andrew , Chen Darren B. , MacDessi Samuel J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to understand if differences exist between computed tomography (CT) and long leg radiographs (LLR) when defining coronal plane alignment of the lower limb in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). It aimed to identify any such differences between the two imaging modalities by quantifying constitutional limb alignment (arithmetic hip–knee–ankle angle (aHKA), joint line obliquity (JLO) and Coronal Plane Alignment of the Knee (CPAK) type within the same population.MethodsA retrospective radiographic study compared pre‐operative LLR and CT measurements in patients undergoing robotic‐assisted TKA. The aHKA, JLO and CPAK types were calculated after measuring the medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA) and lateral distal femoral angle (LDFA). The primary outcomes were the mean differences in aHKA (MPTA−LDFA), JLO (MPTA + LDFA) and proportions of CPAK types between LLR and CT groups. The secondary outcomes were the differences in CT‐derived MPTA values based on four different tibial sagittal landmarks.ResultsAfter exclusions, 465 imaging sets were analysed in 394 patients. There was a statistically significant mean difference between LLR and CT, respectively, for both MPTA (87.5° vs. 86.2°; p < 0.01) and LDFA (88.7° vs. 87.3°; p < 0.01). There were also statistically significant differences for aHKA (− 0.2° vs. − 1.1°) and JLO (175.1° vs. 173.4°) for LLR and CT, respectively (both p < 0.01). CT increased the proportion of patients with CPAK Type I (constitutional varus aHKA, apex distal JLO) and CPAK Type II (neutral aHKA, apex distal JLO), and decreased numbers of CPAK Types III–VI. There were significant mean differences in the MPTA using varying sagittal landmarks.ConclusionAlignment determined by LLRs underestimates the magnitude of both constitutional varus alignment and joint line obliquity compared to CT, differences that notably increase the proportions of patients included in CPAK Types I and II. These distinctions are primarily due to underestimation of proximal tibial varus when measured on LLRs compared to CT, which more specifically defines articular weight‐bearing points.Level of evidenceIII.
Feasibility of [18F]fluoropivalate hybrid PET/MRI for imaging lower and higher grade glioma: a prospective first-in-patient pilot study
Authors: Islam Shahriar , Inglese Marianna , Grech-Sollars Matthew , Aravind Preetha , Dubash Suraiya , Barwick Tara D. , O’Neill Kevin , Wang James , Saleem Azeem , O’Callaghan James , Anchini Giulio , Williams Matthew , Waldman Adam , Aboagye Eric O. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
MRI and PET are used in neuro-oncology for the detection and characterisation of lesions for malignancy to target surgical biopsy and to plan surgical resections or stereotactic radiosurgery. The critical role of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in brain tumour biology has come to the forefront. The non-metabolised SCFA radiotracer, [18F]fluoropivalate (FPIA), shows low background signal in most tissues except eliminating organs and has appropriate human dosimetry. Tumour uptake of the radiotracer is, however, unknown. We investigated the uptake characteristics of FPIA in this pilot PET/MRI study.

Methods
Ten adult glioma subjects were identified based on radiological features using standard-of-care MRI prior to any surgical intervention, with subsequent histopathological confirmation of glioma subtype and grade (lower-grade – LGG – and higher-grade – HGG – patients). FPIA was injected as an intravenous bolus injection (range 342–368 MBq), and dynamic PET and MRI data were acquired simultaneously over 66 min.

Results
All patients tolerated the PET/MRI protocol. Three patients were reclassified following resection and histology. Tumour maximum standardised uptake value (SUVmax,60) increased in the order LGG (WHO grade 2) < HGG (WHO grade 3) < HGG (WHO grade 4). The net irreversible solute transfer, Ki, and influx rate constant, K1, were significantly higher in HGG (p < 0.05). Of the MRI variables studied, DCE-MRI-derived extravascular-and-extracellular volume fraction (ve) was high in tumours of WHO grade 4 compared with other grades (p < 0.05). SLC25A20 protein expression was higher in HGG compared with LGG.

Conclusion
Tumoural FPIA PET uptake is higher in HGG compared to LGG. This study supports further investigation of FPIA PET/MRI for brain tumour imaging in a larger patient population.

Clinical trial registration
Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04097535.
Various features of melt strain hardening of polymeric materials in uniaxial extension and their relation to molecular structure: review of experimental results and their interpretation
Authors: Münstedt H. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractStrain hardening of polymer melts is able to improve the uniformity of items in processing operations with elongational deformation. Of particular interest in this aspect is the dependence of strain hardening on elongational rate. In its first part, the paper presents a review on melt strain hardening obtained in uniaxial extensional experiments. Its dependence on elongational rate is of particular interest insofar as besides non-strain-hardening polymers, strain hardening increasing or decreasing with rate can be found. Results on linear polymers like polystyrene (PS), polypropylene (PP), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), and linear low-density polylethylene (LLDPE) in dependence on molecular parameters are discussed, as well as those of various blends. Particularly interesting are the strain-hardening features of certain HDPEs and LLDPEs, which could be understood by the assumption of a non-homogeneous chemical structure of the samples. Blends of various compositions of a linear and a long-chain branched PP throw light on the complex relation between branching structure and rate dependence of strain hardening. In the second part of the paper, the different strain-hardening behavior of linear polymers is interpreted by assessing the Rouse times as decisive physical quantity. For blends of certain linear species like HDPE and PP and those of linear with long-chain branched polymers, the existence of separate phases in the molten state is postulated. The assumptions are discussed in the light of the various studies on miscibility of linear and branched polyolefins from the literature.
Graphical Abstract
Überlebenswahrscheinlichkeit als intensivmedizinisches Priorisierungskriterium
Authors: Dietrich Frank 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungDie im Dezember 2022 in Kraft getretene Erweiterung des Infektionsschutzgesetzes sieht vor, im Fall einer Pandemie knappe intensivmedizinische Ressourcen nach dem Kriterium der Überlebenswahrscheinlichkeit zu priorisieren. Der Aufsatz geht der Frage nach, ob der Vorwurf, diese Regelung setze Menschen mit Behinderung einer erheblichen Diskriminierungsgefahr aus, berechtigt ist. Nach einer kurzen Darstellung des im Infektionsschutzgesetz festgelegten Zuteilungsverfahrens wird zunächst das vielschichtige Konzept der Diskriminierung erörtert. Im Kontext der Allokation knapper intensivmedizinischer Ressourcen besteht vornehmlich das Risiko einer nichtintendierten Diskriminierung, die in direkter wie auch indirekter Form erfolgen kann. Die Regelungen, die das Infektionsschutzgesetz trifft, bieten Menschen mit Behinderung einen vergleichsweise hohen Schutz vor direkter Diskriminierung. Dennoch müssen Menschen mit bestimmten Behinderungen gravierende Nachteile hinnehmen, weil sie im Fall einer COVID-19-Infektion absehbar eine geringere Überlebenswahrscheinlichkeit als gesunde Menschen haben. Eine indirekte Diskriminierung liegt aber nur dann vor, wenn für die Auferlegung disproportionaler Nachteile keine hinreichende Rechtfertigung angeführt werden kann. In modernen pluralistischen Gesellschaften, die durch tiefgreifende Wertkonflikte gekennzeichnet sind, sollten unterschiedliche ethische Theorien – darunter auch konsequentialistische Positionen – als mögliche Grundlage einer Rechtfertigung anerkannt werden. Im Ergebnis erweist sich der Vorwurf, eine am Kriterium der Überlebenswahrscheinlichkeit orientierte Zuteilung knapper intensivmedizinischer Ressourcen bewirke eine Diskriminierung von Menschen mit Behinderung, als nicht stichhaltig.
On the variation operator for the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck semigroup in dimension one
Authors: Casarino Valentina , Ciatti Paolo , Sjögren Peter 
Published: July 2023

AbstractConsider the variation seminorm of the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck semigroup$$H_t$$Htin dimension one, taken with respect tot. We show that this seminorm defines an operator of weak type (1, 1) for the relevant Gaussian measure. The analogous$$L^p$$Lpestimates for$$1<p<\infty $$1<p<∞were already known.
Effects of vertical mixing on the Lake Michigan food web: an application of a linked end-to-end earth system model framework
Authors: Zhang H. , Mason D. M. , Boucher N. W. , Rutherford E. S. , Cannon D. J. , Kessler J. , Fujisaki-Manome A. , Wang J. , Fulton E. A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPhysical processes may affect ecosystem structure and function through the accumulation, transport, and dispersal of organic and inorganic materials, nutrients, and organisms; they structure physical habitat and can influence predator–prey interactions and trophic production. In the Laurentian Great Lakes, horizontal currents generally dominate, but little is known about the effects of vertical mixing on lake food webs. We developed a linked earth system model and used it to explore how vertical mixing affects the productivity of Lake Michigan (LM), the world’s fifth-largest lake, whose food web and fisheries have been adversely affected by invasive Dreissena mussels. We hypothesized that higher vertical mixing would result in higher food web biomass by making phosphorus more available to the lower food web, and that filtration by invasive mussels would counter the effects of mixing and decrease food web biomass. Using linked climate, hydrodynamics, and ecosystem models, we projected the response of LM’s food web to scenarios of different levels of vertical mixing, with and without invasive mussels. Biomass of most functional food web groups increased with increases in vertical mixing, with the greatest increases in phytoplankton and zooplankton. Increased biomass was due to the replenishment of nutrients into the euphotic zone, which enhanced growth and biomass of lower trophic levels through bottom-up effects. However, filtration by invasive mussels reduced the positive effects of mixing for most species. Future applications of the linked earth system framework will explore the effects of climate warming and nutrient reduction on fisheries production to inform fisheries managers.