bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rate, risk factors and estimated time to develop attrition after under-five children started moderate acute malnutrition treatment in Gubalafto, North East Ethiopia
Authors: Mekonen Yimer , Kebede Fassikaw 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Lost from follow-up, after starting moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) is an ongoing challenge of public health until the admitted children reached the standard weight of a reference child. Thus, the present study aimed to assess the rate and estimated time to attrition after under-five children started treatment for MAM in the Gubalafto district. A facility-based retrospective cohort study was employed among 487 participant children who had been managed targeted therapeutic feeding from 1 June 2018 to 1 May 2021. The overall mean (±sd) age of the participants’ children was 22⋅1 (±12⋅6) months. At the end of the study period, 55 (11⋅46 %) under-five children developed attrition from the treatment after starting ready use of therapeutic feeding. After checking all assumptions, a multivariable Cox regression model was used to claim independent predictors for time to attritions. The median time of attrition after starting treatment of MAM was 13 (IQR ±9) weeks, with the overall incidence of attrition rate reported at 6⋅75 children Per Week (95 % CI 5⋅56, 9⋅6). In the final model of multivariable Cox regression, the hazard of attrition was significantly higher for children from rural residence (AHR 1⋅61; 95 % CI 1⋅18, 2⋅18; P = 0⋅001), and caregivers with their dyads did not get nutritional counselling at baseline (AHR 2⋅78; 95 % CI 1⋅34, 5⋅78; P = 0⋅001). The findings of the present study showed that nearly one in every eleven under-five children was attrition (lost to follow-up) in a median time of 13 (IQR ±9) weeks. We strongly recommended for caregivers provisions of diversification of daily nutrition supplementation of their dyads.
Diversification trajectories and paleobiogeography of Neogene chondrichthyans from Europe
Authors: Villafaña Jaime A. , Rivadeneira Marcelo M. , Pimiento Catalina , Kriwet Jürgen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDespite the rich fossil record of Neogene chondrichthyans (chimaeras, sharks, rays, and skates) from Europe, little is known about the macroevolutionary processes that generated their current diversity and geographical distribution. We compiled 4368 Neogene occurrences comprising 102 genera, 41 families, and 12 orders from four European regions (Atlantic, Mediterranean, North Sea, and Paratethys) and evaluated their diversification trajectories and paleobiogeographic patterns. In all regions analyzed, we found that generic richness increased during the early Miocene, then decreased sharply during the middle Miocene in the Paratethys, and moderately during the late Miocene and Pliocene in the Mediterranean and North Seas. Origination rates display the most significant pulses in the early Miocene in all regions. Extinction rate pulses varied across regions, with the Paratethys displaying the most significant pulses during the late Miocene and the Mediterranean and North Seas during the late Miocene and early Pliocene. Overall, up to 27% and 56% of the European Neogene genera are now globally and regionally extinct, respectively. The observed pulses of origination and extinction in the different regions coincide with warming and cooling events that occurred during the Neogene globally and regionally. Our study reveals complex diversity dynamics of Neogene chondrichthyans from Europe and their distinct biogeographic composition despite the multiple marine passages that connected the different marine regions during this time.
Localisation of gamma-ray bursts from the combined SpIRIT+HERMES-TP/SP nano-satellite constellation
Authors: Thomas M. , Trenti M. , Sanna A. , Campana R. , Ghirlanda G. , Řípa J. , Burderi L. , Fiore F. , Evangelista Y. , Amati L. , Barraclough S. , Auchettl K. , del Castillo M. O. , Chapman A. , Citossi M. , Colagrossi A. , Dilillo G. , Deiosso N. , Demenev E. , Longo F. , Marino A. , McRobbie J. , Mearns R. , Melandri A. , Riggio A. , Di Salvo T. , Puccetti S. , Topinka M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Multi-messenger observations of the transient sky to detect cosmic explosions and counterparts of gravitational wave mergers critically rely on orbiting wide-FoV telescopes to cover the wide range of wavelengths where atmospheric absorption and emission limit the use of ground facilities. Thanks to continuing technological improvements, miniaturised space instruments operating as distributed-aperture constellations are offering new capabilities for the study of high-energy transients to complement ageing existing satellites. In this paper we characterise the performance of the upcoming joint SpIRIT and HERMES-TP/SP constellation for the localisation of high-energy transients through triangulation of signal arrival times. SpIRIT is an Australian technology and science demonstrator satellite designed to operate in a low-Earth Sun-synchronous Polar orbit that will augment the science operations for the equatorial HERMES-TP/SP constellation. In this work we simulate the improvement to the localisation capabilities of the HERMES-TP/SP constellation when SpIRIT is included in an orbital plane nearly perpendicular (inclination = 97.6°) to the HERMES-TP/SP orbits. For the fraction of GRBs detected by three of the HERMES satellites plus SpIRIT, we find that the combined constellation is capable of localising 60% of long GRBs to within

${\sim}30\,\textrm{deg}^{2}$

on the sky, and 60% of short GRBs within

${\sim}1850\,\textrm{deg}^{2}$

(

$1\sigma$

confidence regions), though it is beyond the scope of this work to characterise or rule out systematic uncertainty of the same order of magnitude. Based purely on statistical GRB localisation capabilities (i.e., excluding systematic uncertainties and sky coverage), these figures for long GRBs are comparable to those reported by the Fermi Gamma Burst Monitor instrument. These localisation statistics represents a reduction of the uncertainty for the burst localisation region for both long and short GRBs by a factor of

${\sim}5$

compared to the HERMES-TP/SP alone. Further improvements by an additional factor of 2 (or 4) can be achieved by launching an additional 4 (or 6) SpIRIT-like satellites into a Polar orbit, respectively, which would both increase the fraction of sky covered by multiple satellite elements, and also enable localisation of

${\geq} 60\%$

of long GRBs to within a radius of

${\sim}1.5^{\circ}$

(statistical uncertainty) on the sky, clearly demonstrating the value of a distributed all-sky high-energy transient monitor composed of nano-satellites.
Understanding Early Modern Beer: An Interdisciplinary Case-Study
Authors: Flavin Susan , Meltonville Marc , Taverner Charlie , Reid Joshua , Lawrence Stephen , Belloch-Molina Carlos , Morrissey John 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBeer was a staple of early modern diets across northern Europe and the Atlantic World. While its profound social, economic, and cultural significance is well established, little is known about the nature and quality of the drink itself, particularly its nutritional characteristics. Until now, attempts to estimate calorie and alcohol content have been monodisciplinary in approach, involving either theoretical calculations based on grain content, or a rough approximation with modern equivalents. Using sixteenth-century Ireland as a case-study, this article describes an interdisciplinary approach to the problem of early modern beer. Exploiting a rich seam of unpublished archival material, the project recreates an early modern beer, using the most appropriate ingredients, equipment, and processes possible. Scientific analysis of the finished drink offers new perspectives on beer as a dietary staple. The project is a model for integrating practical or experimental approaches into mainstream historical study, and the practice of radical interdisciplinarity. It represents the most comprehensive effort to recreate an historic beer in any context to date, bringing together historians, experimental archaeologists, agronomists, microbiologists, brewing scientists, craftworkers, farmers, and maltsters to tackle problematic questions about the past.
Cognitive performance and brain structural connectome alterations in major depressive disorder
Authors: Gruber Marius , Mauritz Marco , Meinert Susanne , Grotegerd Dominik , de Lange Siemon C. , Grumbach Pascal , Goltermann Janik , Winter Nils Ralf , Waltemate Lena , Lemke Hannah , Thiel Katharina , Winter Alexandra , Breuer Fabian , Borgers Tiana , Enneking Verena , Klug Melissa , Brosch Katharina , Meller Tina , Pfarr Julia-Katharina , Ringwald Kai Gustav , Stein Frederike , Opel Nils , Redlich Ronny , Hahn Tim , Leehr Elisabeth J. , Bauer Jochen , Nenadić Igor , Kircher Tilo , van den Heuvel Martijn P. , Dannlowski Udo , Repple Jonathan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundCognitive dysfunction and brain structural connectivity alterations have been observed in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, little is known about their interrelation. The present study follows a network approach to evaluate alterations in cognition-related brain structural networks.MethodsCognitive performance ofn= 805 healthy andn= 679 acutely depressed or remitted individuals was assessed using 14 cognitive tests aggregated into cognitive factors. The structural connectome was reconstructed from structural and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Associations between global connectivity strength and cognitive factors were established using linear regressions. Network-based statistics were applied to identify subnetworks of connections underlying these global-level associations. In exploratory analyses, effects of depression were assessed by evaluating remission status-related group differences in subnetwork-specific connectivity. Partial correlations were employed to directly test the complete triad of cognitive factors, depressive symptom severity, and subnetwork-specific connectivity strength.ResultsAll cognitive factors were associated with global connectivity strength. For each cognitive factor, network-based statistics identified a subnetwork of connections, revealing, for example, a subnetwork positively associated with processing speed. Within that subnetwork, acutely depressed patients showed significantly reduced connectivity strength compared to healthy controls. Moreover, connectivity strength in that subnetwork was associated to current depressive symptom severity independent of the previous disease course.ConclusionsOur study is the first to identify cognition-related structural brain networks in MDD patients, thereby revealing associations between cognitive deficits, depressive symptoms, and reduced structural connectivity. This supports the hypothesis that structural connectome alterations may mediate the association of cognitive deficits and depression severity.
The Burda: Reweaving the Mantle, Renovating Arab Music Tradition between Egypt and the Arab Levant
Authors: RIJO LOPES DA CUNHA MARIA M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article critically considers how the musical piece, “Al-Burda,” has introduced ground-breaking formal and rhythmic innovations within Arab contemporary traditional music. I explore the centrality of Mustafa Said’s musical adaptation of Arabic prosody in generating new rhythmic modes whilst highlighting Said’s claims of continuity with an Arab literary and musical tradition through the musical adaptation of the poetics of mu’arada, which means building upon pre-existing models. This article draws upon postcolonial theory as a fundamental tool of analysis for the underpinning socio-political commentary present at every stage of creation and production of “Al-Burda.”
Celtic Music Festivals in Portugal: Europeanisation, Urban Regeneration, and Regional Development
Authors: MORENO-FERNÁNDEZ SUSANA , EL-SHAWAN CASTELO-BRANCO SALWA 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article addresses the interceltic festivals of Porto (1986–2008) and Sendim in Terra de Miranda (since 2000), situated in northwestern and northeastern Portugal, respectively, from the perspective of European heritage festivals. It examines how these two festivals were used to promote tourism, urban regeneration, rural development, image-making, and place branding. We argue that the interceltic festivals of Porto and Sendim are entangled with the Europeanisation of Portugal, involving new possibilities for identification with Europe’s Atlantic fringe, a space that is symbolised by the Celtic imaginary.
Heat Flux Estimates From a Synthesis of Satellite Observations and a Hydrodynamic Model (With Application to Long Island Sound)
Authors: McCardell Grant , Horwitz Rachel , Ilia Amin , Howard Strobel M. Kay , Fake Todd , O’Donnell James 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEstimating surface heat fluxes via direct covariance measurements or bulk formulae is observation‐intensive and costly. We present a methodology whereby we estimate net surface heat fluxes as the difference between the depth‐integrated heat tendencies and the depth‐integrated horizontal heat exchanges in a hydrodynamic model. We calibrate the model to achieve a good representation of mixing and advection and then assimilate satellite sea surface temperature (SST) observations into the model at an 8‐day scale. The SST data assimilation forces a good representation of observed temperatures and heat tendencies both at the surface and throughout the water column. We estimate the horizontal heat exchange directly from the model output and then infer the surface fluxes required to close the budget. When we apply this methodology to a model with prescribed surface heat fluxes and without data assimilation, we can recover the prescribed fluxes with an RMS error of ±10 W m−2 and an r2 of 0.998. When we compare our results to those estimated using Coupled Ocean‐Atmosphere Response Experiment bulk formulae with observations in western Long Island Sound, we find similarly good agreement.
MNT suppresses T cell apoptosis via BIM and is critical for T lymphomagenesis
Authors: Nguyen Hai Vu , Vandenberg Cassandra J. , Robati Mikara R. , Ng Ashley P. , Cory Suzanne 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe importance of c-MYC in regulating lymphopoiesis and promoting lymphomagenesis is well-established. Far less appreciated is the vital supporting role of MYC’s relative MNT. Using Rag1Cre-mediated Mnt deletion in lymphoid progenitor cells, we show here that, during normal T cell development, MNT loss enhances apoptosis, at least in part by elevating expression of the pro-apoptotic BH3-only protein BIM. Moreover, using T lymphoma-prone VavP-MYC transgenic mice, we show that Mnt deletion reduces the pool of pre-malignant MYC-driven T lymphoid cells and abrogates thymic T lymphomagenesis. In addition, we establish that Mnt deletion prevents T lymphoma development in γ-irradiated mice, most likely by enhancing apoptosis of T lymphoid cells repopulating the depleted thymus. Taken together with our recent demonstration that MNT is vital for the survival of MYC-driven pre-malignant and malignant B lymphoid cells, these results suggest that MNT represents an important new drug target for both T and B lymphoid malignancies.
Severe COVID-19 patients have impaired plasmacytoid dendritic cell-mediated control of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Venet Manon , Ribeiro Margarida Sa , Décembre Elodie , Bellomo Alicia , Joshi Garima , Nuovo Célia , Villard Marine , Cluet David , Perret Magali , Pescamona Rémi , Paidassi Helena , Walzer Thierry , Allatif Omran , Belot Alexandre , Trouillet-Assant Sophie , Ricci Emiliano P. , Dreux Marlène 
Published: February 2023

AbstractType I and III interferons (IFN-I/λ) are important antiviral mediators against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we demonstrate that plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) are the predominant IFN-I/λ source following their sensing of SARS-CoV-2-infected cells. Mechanistically, this short-range sensing by pDCs requires sustained integrin-mediated cell adhesion with infected cells. In turn, pDCs restrict viral spread by an IFN-I/λ response directed toward SARS-CoV-2-infected cells. This specialized function enables pDCs to efficiently turn-off viral replication, likely via a local response at the contact site with infected cells. By exploring the pDC response in SARS-CoV-2 patients, we further demonstrate that pDC responsiveness inversely correlates with the severity of the disease. The pDC response is particularly impaired in severe COVID-19 patients. Overall, we propose that pDC activation is essential to control SARS-CoV-2-infection. Failure to develop this response could be important to understand severe cases of COVID-19.
VGLL3 is a mechanosensitive protein that promotes cardiac fibrosis through liquid–liquid phase separation
Authors: Horii Yuma , Matsuda Shoichi , Toyota Chikashi , Morinaga Takumi , Nakaya Takeo , Tsuchiya Soken , Ohmuraya Masaki , Hironaka Takanori , Yoshiki Ryo , Kasai Kotaro , Yamauchi Yuto , Takizawa Noburo , Nagasaka Akiomi , Tanaka Akira , Kosako Hidetaka , Nakaya Michio 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMyofibroblasts cause tissue fibrosis by producing extracellular matrix proteins, such as collagens. Humoral factors like TGF-β, and matrix stiffness are important for collagen production by myofibroblasts. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating their ability to produce collagen remain poorly characterised. Here, we show that vestigial-like family member 3 (VGLL3) is specifically expressed in myofibroblasts from mouse and human fibrotic hearts and promotes collagen production. Further, substrate stiffness triggers VGLL3 translocation into the nucleus through the integrin β1-Rho-actin pathway. In the nucleus, VGLL3 undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation via its low-complexity domain and is incorporated into non-paraspeckle NONO condensates containing EWS RNA-binding protein 1 (EWSR1). VGLL3 binds EWSR1 and suppresses miR-29b, which targets collagen mRNA. Consistently, cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction is significantly attenuated inVgll3-deficient mice, with increased miR-29b expression. Overall, our results reveal an unrecognised VGLL3-mediated pathway that controls myofibroblasts’ collagen production, representing a novel therapeutic target for tissue fibrosis.
Accelerating inhibitor discovery for deubiquitinating enzymes
Authors: Chan Wai Cheung , Liu Xiaoxi , Magin Robert S. , Girardi Nicholas M. , Ficarro Scott B. , Hu Wanyi , Tarazona Guzman Maria I. , Starnbach Cara A. , Felix Alejandra , Adelmant Guillaume , Varca Anthony C. , Hu Bin , Bratt Ariana S. , DaSilva Ethan , Schauer Nathan J. , Jaen Maisonet Isabella , Dolen Emma K. , Ayala Anthony X. , Marto Jarrod A. , Buhrlage Sara J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDeubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) are an emerging drug target class of ~100 proteases that cleave ubiquitin from protein substrates to regulate many cellular processes. A lack of selective chemical probes impedes pharmacologic interrogation of this important gene family. DUBs engage their cognate ligands through a myriad of interactions. We embrace this structural complexity to tailor a chemical diversification strategy for a DUB-focused covalent library. Pairing our library with activity-based protein profiling as a high-density primary screen, we identify selective hits against 23 endogenous DUBs spanning four subfamilies. Optimization of an azetidine hit yields a probe for the understudied DUB VCPIP1 with nanomolar potency and in-family selectivity. Our success in identifying good chemical starting points as well as structure-activity relationships across the gene family from a modest but purpose-build library challenges current paradigms that emphasize ultrahigh throughput in vitro or virtual screens against an ever-increasing scope of chemical space.
Coherent consolidation of trillions of nucleations for mono-atom step-level flat surfaces
Authors: Ha Taewoo , Seo Yu-Seong , Kim Teun-Teun , Lamichhane Bipin , Kim Young-Hoon , Kim Su Jae , Lee Yousil , Kim Jong Chan , Park Sang Eon , Sim Kyung Ik , Kim Jae Hoon , Kim Yong In , Kim Seon Je , Jeong Hu Young , Lee Young Hee , Kim Seong-Gon , Kim Young-Min , Hwang Jungseek , Jeong Se-Young 
Published: February 2023

AbstractConstructing a mono-atom step-level ultra-flat material surface is challenging, especially for thin films, because it is prohibitively difficult for trillions of clusters to coherently merge. Even though a rough metal surface, as well as the scattering of carriers at grain boundaries, limits electron transport and obscures their intrinsic properties, the importance of the flat surface has not been emphasised sufficiently. In this study, we describe in detail the initial growth of copper thin films required for mono-atom step-level flat surfaces (MSFSs). Deposition using atomic sputtering epitaxy leads to the coherent merging of trillions of islands into a coplanar layer, eventually forming an MSFS, for which the key factor is suggested to be the individual deposition of single atoms. Theoretical calculations support that single sputtered atoms ensure the formation of highly aligned nanodroplets and help them to merge into a coplanar layer. The realisation of the ultra-flat surfaces is expected to greatly assist efforts to improve quantum behaviour by increasing the coherency of electrons.
Monolithically printed all-organic flexible photosensor active matrix
Authors: Ruiz‐Preciado Luis Arturo , Baek Sanghoon , Strobel Noah , Xia Kai , Seiberlich Mervin , Park Sung-min , Lemmer Uli , Jung Sungjune , Hernandez-Sosa Gerardo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractUpcoming technologies in the fields of flexible electronics require the cost-efficient fabrication of complex circuitry in a streamlined process. Digital printing techniques such as inkjet printing can enable such applications thanks to their inherent freedom of design permitting the mask-free deposition of multilayer optoelectronic devices without the need for subtracting techniques. Here we present an active matrix sensor array comprised of 100 inkjet-printed organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) and organic photodiodes (OPDs) monolithically integrated onto the same ultrathin substrate. Both the OTFTs and OPDs exhibited high-fabrication yield and state-of-the-art performance after the integration process. By scaling of the OPDs, we achieved integrated pixels with power consumptions down to 50 nW at one of the highest sensitivities reported to date for an all-organic integrated sensor. Finally, we demonstrated the application potential of the active matrix by static and dynamic spatial sensing of optical signals.
Triphenylphosphonium conjugated gold nanotriangles impact Pi3K/AKT pathway in breast cancer cells: a photodynamic therapy approach
Authors: Vinita Nadar Manimaran , Devan Umapathy , Durgadevi Sabapathi , Anitha Selvaraj , Prabhu Dhamodharan , Rajamanikandan Sundarraj , Govarthanan Muthusamy , Yuvaraj Ananthanarayanan , Biruntha Muniyandi , Antony Joseph Velanganni Arockiam , Jeyakanthan Jeyaraman , Prakash Pitchan Arul , Mohamed Jaabir Mohamed Sultan , Kumar Ponnuchamy 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAlthough gold nanoparticles based photodynamic therapy (PDT) were reported to improve efficacy and specificity, the impact of surface charge in targeting cancer is still a challenge. Herein, we report gold nanotriangles (AuNTs) tuned with anionic and cationic surface charge conjugating triphenylphosphonium (TPP) targeting breast cancer cells with 5-aminoleuvinic acid (5-ALA) based PDT, in vitro. Optimized surface charge of AuNTs with and without TPP kill breast cancer cells. By combining, 5-ALA and PDT, the surface charge augmented AuNTs deliver improved cellular toxicity as revealed by MTT, fluorescent probes and flow cytometry. Further, the 5-ALA and PDT treatment in the presence of AuNTs impairs cell survival Pi3K/AKT signaling pathway causing mitochondrial dependent apoptosis. The cumulative findings demonstrate that, cationic AuNTs with TPP excel selective targeting of breast cancer cells in the presence of 5-ALA and PDT.