bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tensile properties of flexible carbon nanotube film/PVA composite at various strain rates
Authors: Li Yonghui , Lyu Zhengqiang , Wang Ping , Zhang Yan , Li Changwei , Gu Jinxiang , Hu Dongmei , Li Qingwen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe quasi‐static tensile properties of carbon nanotube (CNT) composites have already been extensively studied, while their impact tensile properties under high rates have rarely been investigated. In this work, CNT film/PVA composites were prepared by impregnation and hot press curing, whereas CNT films were prepared by floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FCCVD). Instron 3365 and the miniaturized split Hopkinson tensile bar (SHTB) were used for tensile tests at various strain rates. The results show that the tensile properties of PVA‐impregnated CNT film are significantly improved, and the strain rate effect is remarkable. The tensile properties are best when the mass fraction of PVA is 1.5%. At a low strain rate of 0.001 s−1, the maximum stress and energy absorption (EA) of CNT composites are 502.5 MPa and 63.6 MJ/m3, respectively. And at the high strain rate of 3100 s−1, the maximum stress and EA of CNT composites are 969.0 MPa and 166.4 MJ/m3, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the failure morphologies at tensile fracture of composites under different strain rates. At low strain rate, the failure mode is the pulling fracture of tube bundles and the crushing of polymers, while at high strain rate is the folding and spring back of tube bundles, as well as the debonding of polymers.
Fracture risk and opioid use in patients aged 17–64 years: An analysis of administrative claims data
Authors: Davis Jonathan , Casteel Carri , Brown Grant , Carnahan Ryan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractStudy ObjectiveThe objective of this work is to describe the risk of fracture in adults aged 17 to 64 years across categories of daily opioid dose.DesignA retrospective analysis of insurance claims data.Data sourceInformation from a private health insurance provider for the years 2003–2014 for enrolled individuals living in Iowa.PatientsPatients who were aged 17 to 64 years and prescribed an opioid were followed for the length of opioid treatment plus 30 days to determine whether a fracture occurred.MeasurementsAverage daily morphine milligram equivalent (MME) was determined for patients who received a prescription for opioids. The outcome of interest was incident fracture following opioid treatment initiation. Cox proportional hazard models were used to compare the risk of fracture across categorical groups of average daily MME. Inverse probability weighting was used to control for patient‐level variables.Main ResultsIn total, 316,024 individual patients were identified in the administrative claims data as having an opioid prescription from 2003 to 2014, and 3038 fractures occurred during follow‐up (9.6 fractures per 1000 opioid‐prescribed patients). Relative to the lowest quartile of prescribed opioid (⟨22 MME), patients in each higher prescribed level were more likely to experience a fracture (22–36 MME Hazard Ratio (HR) = 1.35, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.21–1.51; 37–50 MME HR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.24–1.54; ⟩50 MME HR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.20–1.52).ConclusionsWe observed an increased fracture risk in all three higher categories of opioid exposure relative to the lowest category (⟨22 MME). The risk of a fracture should be considered in opioid treatment decisions.
An active classroom intervention to improve physical activity, on‐task behavior, and academic achievement outcomes for students with disabilities
Authors: Aspiranti Kathleen B. , Michaliszyn Sara Fleet , Dula Mark E. , Tischner Clair , Fedewa Alicia L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMany children with disabilities engage in less physical activity compared to their peers. This pilot‐feasibility study examines the effects of movement‐based desk and alternative seating on classroom physical activity, time on task, reading fluency, and reading comprehension scores in fourth/fifth and seventh/eighth‐grade children with disabilities. Using a cross‐over 8‐week design, action desks were included in fourth/fifth (N = 14) and seventh/eighth (N = 21) grade classrooms for students with disabilities. Levels of physical activity were measured using accelerometers; reading ability was assessed using AIMSweb Oral Reading Fluency and MAZE probes; time on task was measured using video recordings over 3 consecutive days. Data were collected at 0‐week, 4‐week, 8‐week, 12‐week, and 16‐week time points. A significant increase in metabolic equivalent was seen in fourth/fifth graders and a significant decline in time spent in sedentary activity were observed in both fourth/fifth and seventh/eighth graders. The fourth/fifth graders increased their time spent in moderate physical activity and time on task during the intervention whereas seventh/eighth graders improved oral reading fluency. How a physical activity‐based classroom may be an effective intervention in students with disabilities to improve levels of physical activity and improve academic learning is discussed.
Psychometric validity of the triarchic model of grit scale among high school students in Hong Kong
Authors: Datu Jesus Alfonso D. , Fong Ricci Wai Tsz , Buenconsejo Jet U. , Shek Cheuk Ying Cherry 
Published: July 2023

AbstractResearch has shown that the triarchic model of grit scale (TMGS)—a measure that assesses tendency to show perseverance, passion, and adaptability for long‐term goals—has been valid in different contexts such as the Philippines, Japan, Poland, mainland China, and the United States. However, there is limited research on the validity of this scale in Hong Kong. Against this backdrop, this research examined the structural, convergent, and criterion‐related of the TMGS among secondary school students in Hong Kong. A total of 298 secondary school students in Hong Kong participated in this study. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to evaluate the structural validity of the three‐factor model of grit. Correlational analysis was conducted between grit's dimensions and school satisfaction to assess the criterion‐related validity of this scale. CFA showed that the scores from the three‐factor model of grit underpinned by perseverance of effort, consistency of interests, and adaptability to situations were valid and reliable. There was mixed evidence on the convergent validity of the scale based on the subscales’ composite reliability (CR) estimates. Whereas perseverance of effort and adaptability to situations were positively correlated to school satisfaction, consistency of interests was negatively linked to the said criterion variable. This research demonstrates the potential applicability of the TMGS in Hong Kong.
Arabidopsis‐expressing lysine‐null SUMO1 reveals a non‐essential role for secondary SUMO modifications in plants
Authors: Rytz Thérèse C. , Feng Juanjuan , Barros Jessica A. S. , Vierstra Richard D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe reversible conjugation of small ubiquitin‐like modifier (SUMO) to other proteins has pervasive roles in various aspects of plant development and stress defense through its selective attachment to numerous intracellular substrates. An intriguing aspect of SUMO is that it can be further modified by SUMOylation and ubiquitylation, which isopeptide‐link either or both polypeptides to internal lysines within previously bound SUMOs. Although detectable by mass spectrometry, the functions of these secondary modifications remain obscure. Here, we generated transgenic Arabidopsis that replaced the two related and essential SUMO isoforms (SUMO1 and SUMO2) with a lysine‐null SUMO1 variant (K0) immune to further SUMOylation/ubiquitylation at these residues. Remarkably, homozygous SUMO1(K0) sumo1 sumo2 plants developed normally, were not hypersensitive to heat stress, and have nearly unaltered SUMOylation profiles during heat shock. However, subtle changes in tolerance to salt, paraquat, and the DNA‐damaging agents bleomycin and methane methylsulfonate were evident, as were increased sensitivities to ABA and the gibberellic acid biosynthesis inhibitor paclobutrazol, suggesting roles for these secondary modifications in stress defense, DNA repair, and hormone signaling. We also generated viable sumo1 sumo2 lines expressing a SUMO1(K0) variant specifically designed to help isolate SUMO conjugates and map SUMOylation sites, thus offering a new tool for investigating SUMO in planta.
Tropical tropospheric warming pattern explained by shifts in convective heating in the Matsuno–Gill model
Authors: Keil P. , Schmidt H. , Stevens B. , Byrne M. P. , Segura H. , Putrasahan D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHorizontal temperature gradients in the tropical free troposphere are fairly weak, and tropical tropospheric warming is usually treated as uniform. However, we show here that projected tropospheric warming is spatially inhomogeneous in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 models, as well as in a storm‐resolving climate model. We relate the upper tropospheric warming pattern to sea‐surface temperature changes that reorganise convection and thereby cause spatial shifts in convective heating. Using the classical Gill model for tropical circulation and forcing it with precipitation changes that arise due to greenhouse gas warming, we can understand and reproduce the different warming patterns simulated by a range of global climate models. Forcing the Gill model with precipitation changes from a certain region demonstrates how local tropospheric temperature changes depend on local changes in convective heating. Close to the Equator, anomalous geopotential gradients are balanced by the dissipation term in the Gill model. The optimal dissipation time‐scale to reproduce the warming pattern varies depending on the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 model, and is between 1 and 10 days. We demonstrate that horizontal advection and eddy momentum fluxes have large enough equivalent dissipation time‐scales to balance the gradients in geopotential and thereby shape the warming pattern. Though climate models show a large spread in projections of tropical sea‐surface temperature and precipitation changes, our results imply that, once these predictions improve, our confidence in the predicted upper tropospheric warming pattern should also increase.
Cell patterning on photocrosslinkable polymer films with micropatternable surfaces
Authors: Noguchi Takafumi , Higashino Misato , Kodama Neiro , Kawamura Akifumi , Miyata Takashi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe regulation of cell behavior is crucial for understanding many fundamental biological processes and designing novel medical devices. Nano/micropatterning has been developed as a means of controlling cellular properties and behaviors. Using cinnamoyl groups that have undergone photodimerization, we have prepared facile photopatterning films with adjustable surface properties for cell patterning via simple steps. Our strategy for controlling surface properties uses the decrease in free volume induced by photocrosslinking. This paper describes the surface‐patterning properties of photocrosslinkable polymer films and the cell adhesion to their micropatterned surfaces. Upon culturing cells on micropatterned surfaces, preferential cell adhesion, alignment and proliferation are observed in the unexposed regions. Additionally, diverse surface patterns of photocrosslinkable polymer films have been fabricated using various photomasks, enabling effective control of cell adhesion and alignment. The ability to regulate cellular behavior via microfabricated surfaces of photocrosslinkable polymer films enables a new and facile approach for designing scaffolds for the development of novel advanced materials, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine.
Use of genomic prediction to screen sorghum B‐lines in hybrid testcrosses
Authors: Kent Mitchell A. , Fonseca Jales M. O. , Klein Patricia E. , Klein Robert R. , Hayes Chad M. , Rooney William L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUse of trifluoromethanesulfonamide (TFMSA), a male gametocide, increases the opportunities to identify promising B‐lines because large quantities of F1 seed can be generated prior to the laborious task of B‐line sterilization. Combining TFMSA technology with genomic selection could efficiently evaluate sorghum B‐lines in hybrid combination to maximize the rates of genetic gain of the crop. This study used two recombinant inbred B‐line populations, consisting of 217 lines, which were testcrossed to two R‐lines to produce 434 hybrids. Each population of testcross hybrids were evaluated across five environments. Population‐based genomic prediction models were assessed across environments using three different cross‐validation (CV) schemes, each with 70% training and 30% validation sets. The validation schemes were as follows: CV1—hybrids chosen randomly for validation; CV2—B‐lines were randomly chosen, and each chosen B‐line had one of the two corresponding testcross hybrids randomly chosen for the validation; and CV3—B‐lines were randomly chosen, and each chosen B‐line had both corresponding testcross hybrids chosen for the validation. CV1 and CV2 presented the highest prediction accuracies; nonetheless, the prediction accuracies of the CV schemes were not statistically different in many environments. We determined that combining the B‐line populations could improve prediction accuracies, and the genomic prediction models were able to effectively rank the poorest 70% of hybrids even when genomic prediction accuracies themselves were low. Results indicate that combining genomic prediction models and TFMSA technology can effectively aid breeders in predicting B‐line hybrid performance in early generations prior to the laborious task of generating A/B‐line pairs.
24‐Hour postnatal total serum protein concentration affects the health and growth performance of female Holstein dairy calves
Authors: Aghakhani Mitra , Shahraki Amir Davar Foroozandeh , Tabatabaei Seyed Nouroldin , Toghyani Majid , Moosavi‐Zadeh Erfaneh , Rafiee Hassan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundTotal serum protein (TSP) within the first few days of life in the neonatal calf has predictive value for subsequent growth and production in calves before and after weaning.IntroductionThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of TSP concentration 24‐h after birth (24‐h) on the performance and health of Holstein dairy calves.MethodsA total of 152 female calves were enrolled in this study. Blood samples were collected at 24‐h, and TSP concentration was measured with a refractometer. Calves based on TSP concentration at 24‐h were allocated into three groups: 1 – TSP ≤6.5 g/dL, 2 – TSP between 6.6 and 6.9 g/dL and 3 – TSP ≥7 g/dL. The weighing was done at birth and at days 30 and 60. Starter feed intake was recorded from day 3 to weaning, and body structures were measured at birth and weaning day.ResultsCalves with TSP >6.5 g/dL had greater body weight at days 30 and 60 than calves with TSP ≤6.5 g/dL. Average daily gain during 1–30 and 1–60 days of life increased as TSP increased. Furthermore, starter feed intake during the first 60 days of life was greater in calves with TSP ≥7 g/dL than calves with TSP <7 g/dL. The TSP concentration influenced structural growth, and >6.5 g/dL calves had greater heart girth, hip width and body length than ≤6.5 g/dL calves. Moreover, odds ratio for pneumonia decreased as TSP increased, whereas diarrhoea was unaffected.ConclusionThe TSP at 24‐h is an important contributing factor for the variation in growth performance and health of preweaning calves, and strategies to improve calf immunity and increase TSP lead to better animal health during preweaning period.ImplicationsThese results indicated that TSP ≥6.5 g/dL possibly was associated with greater performance, and this concentration could be considered a baseline for future analyses.
Bioactive glass in the treatment of an infrabony defect in a dog
Authors: Bilgic Ozgur 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article describes a graft‐only approach to regenerate periodontal structures in a vertical infrabony defect around the mesial root of the mandibular second molar tooth of a dog. Bioactive glass material was used to fill this defect without coverage of a membrane. The grafted area was examined using periodontal probing and an intraoral radiograph 6 months after the procedure. Probing depth around the affected root had decreased to normal levels, and the intraoral radiograph of the affected area revealed new bone growth. Bioactive glass without a membrane appeared to be sufficient for alveolar bone regeneration in this canine patient.
Agenesis of both uterine horns in a rabbit
Authors: Murciano Glenda , Macolino Eleonora , Brunetti Leonardo , Lopez Giovanni 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDuring a routine ovariohysterectomy in a 10‐month‐old female rabbit, the absence of both uterine horns and cervix was noted. Right and left ovaries were present in abdomen, and they were in communication with the vestigial uterine tubes. The histopathological examination confirmed the suspicion of uterine abnormality and agenesis of both uterine horns. Considering that the urinary and genital systems develop from the same embryonic layer, alterations often involve both systems. It would be advisable to report any anatomical abnormality affecting those systems, in order to understand real incidence of those problems and evaluate the impact on patients’ quality of life.
Implementing and Using Essential Statistical Process Control
Authors: Witczak Marcin , Seybold Lothar , Bulach Eric , Maucher Niko 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe objective of this chapter is to introduce the concepts of calculated Datapoints and key performance indicators, which form the basis of statistical process control. In particular, both operate on Datapoints, but process them in a different way. Indeed, the former transform the incoming data in a static way, i.e., without taking into account its historical values. Contrarily, the latter process the data within a specified period and form the basis for further statistical analysis, e.g., pertaining to location and variability. Having such tools, a set of widget charts is introduced, which enable data visualization and analysis. Subsequently, practical examples concerning the development of statistical control charts are presented. The chapter is concluded with a set of training exercises, which validate the introduced knowledge.
CoqCryptoLine: A Verified Model Checker with Certified Results
Authors: Tsai Ming-Hsien , Fu Yu-Fu , Liu Jiaxiang , Shi Xiaomu , Wang Bow-Yaw , Yang Bo-Yin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe present the verified model checker CoqCryptoLine for cryptographic programs with certified verification results. The CoqCryptoLine verification algorithm consists of two reductions. The algebraic reduction transforms into a root entailment problem; and the bit-vector reduction transforms into an SMTQF_BV problem. We specify and verify both reductions formally using Coq with MathComp. The CoqCryptoLine tool is built on the OCaml programs extracted from verified reductions. CoqCryptoLine moreover employs certified techniques for solving the algebraic and logic problems. We evaluate CoqCryptoLine on cryptographic programs from industrial security libraries.
Model Checking Race-Freedom When “Sequential Consistency for Data-Race-Free Programs” is Guaranteed
Authors: Wu Wenhao , Hückelheim Jan , Hovland Paul D. , Luo Ziqing , Siegel Stephen F. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMany parallel programming models guarantee that if all sequentially consistent (SC) executions of a program are free of data races, then all executions of the program will appear to be sequentially consistent. This greatly simplifies reasoning about the program, but leaves open the question of how to verify that all SC executions are race-free. In this paper, we show that with a few simple modifications, model checking can be an effective tool for verifying race-freedom. We explore this technique on a suite of C programs parallelized with OpenMP.
QEBVerif: Quantization Error Bound Verification of Neural Networks
Authors: Zhang Yedi , Song Fu , Sun Jun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTo alleviate the practical constraints for deploying deep neural networks (DNNs) on edge devices, quantization is widely regarded as one promising technique. It reduces the resource requirements for computational power and storage space by quantizing the weights and/or activation tensors of a DNN into lower bit-width fixed-point numbers, resulting in quantized neural networks (QNNs). While it has been empirically shown to introduce minor accuracy loss, critical verified properties of a DNN might become invalid once quantized. Existing verification methods focus on either individual neural networks (DNNs or QNNs) or quantization error bound for partial quantization. In this work, we propose a quantization error bound verification method, named , where both weights and activation tensors are quantized. consists of two parts, i.e., a differential reachability analysis (DRA) and a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) based verification method. DRA performs difference analysis between the DNN and its quantized counterpart layer-by-layer to compute a tight quantization error interval efficiently. If DRA fails to prove the error bound, then we encode the verification problem into an equivalent MILP problem which can be solved by off-the-shelf solvers. Thus, is sound, complete, and reasonably efficient. We implement and conduct extensive experiments, showing its effectiveness and efficiency.
Verifying Generalization in Deep Learning
Authors: Amir Guy , Maayan Osher , Zelazny Tom , Katz Guy , Schapira Michael 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDeep neural networks (DNNs) are the workhorses of deep learning, which constitutes the state of the art in numerous application domains. However, DNN-based decision rules are notoriously prone to poorgeneralization, i.e., may prove inadequate on inputs not encountered during training. This limitation poses a significant obstacle to employing deep learning for mission-critical tasks, and also in real-world environments that exhibit high variability. We propose a novel, verification-driven methodology for identifying DNN-based decision rules that generalize well to new input domains. Our approach quantifies generalization to an input domain by the extent to which decisions reached byindependently trainedDNNs are in agreement for inputs in this domain. We show how, by harnessing the power of DNN verification, our approach can be efficiently and effectively realized. We evaluate our verification-based approach on three deep reinforcement learning (DRL) benchmarks, including a system for Internet congestion control. Our results establish the usefulness of our approach. More broadly, our work puts forth a novel objective for formal verification, with the potential for mitigating the risks associated with deploying DNN-based systems in the wild.