bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Savoring mediates the mental health benefits of positive coping processes: A prospective population‐based analysis
Authors: Tao Tiffany Junchen , Yung Yoyo Yuk Yu , Lau Abby Yan Tung , Liu Huinan , Liang Li , Bryant Fred B. , Hou Wai Kai 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPositive coping (e.g., self‐efficacy and positive reappraisal) and savoring could bear mental health implications under large‐scale disasters such as COVID‐19. The integrative affect–regulation framework of psychological resilience proposes that evaluative efforts regulate affect, which then predicts positive short‐term consequences and better mental health. This two‐wave study was done during the prolonged, intensive COVID‐19 control rules in Hong Kong and examined (1) the prospective associations of positive coping processes (i.e., self‐efficacy and positive reappraisal) (T1, March–August 2021) with subsequent psychiatric symptoms (T2, September 2021–February 2022) and (2) the mediating effect of T2 savoring in the associations. Path analyses revealed that T1 self‐efficacy and positive reappraisal were inversely related to T2 psychiatric symptoms. T2 savoring partially mediated the effect of T1 self‐efficacy but fully mediated the effect of T1 positive reappraisal. Self‐efficacy could have more sustainable direct positive associations with mental health, whereas the benefit of positive reappraisal might need to be catalyzed by savoring over time. Our study offered concrete illustrations of the conceptual tenets of the affect–regulation framework.
Analysis of a streamlined pathway for aortic surveillance for Turner syndrome in a single centre
Authors: Glatzel Hannah , Njue Faith , Turner Helen E. , Orchard Elizabeth 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThe risk of aortic dissection (AoD) is increased in women with Turner syndrome (TS) but predicting those with this heightened risk is difficult. In response to this, we sought to create a pathway to monitor TS patients to improve efficiency and resource utilisation in our dedicated TS clinic, and to monitor more closely those women thought to be at increased risk of AoD.Design and PatientsOur pathway was designed based on evidence derived from International Guidelines for the management of aortic disease in women with TS. Women were divided according to those with known risk factors for AoD, and those with no known risk factors. These groups were further subdivided into 4 pathways depending on ascending aortic size which in‐turn determined the frequency of outpatient appointments and imaging.ResultsOut of the 168 patients included in the analysis, 7 have had ascending aorta replacements, all in the highest risk group. Of the remaining 4 patients in the highest risk groups: 1 dissected whilst awaiting planned aortic surgery, 1 is currently awaiting surgery, 1 has low body mass index, therefore, making her aorta proportionally larger but not necessitating surgery and one has declined surgery. No women changed pathways.ConclusionThe risk‐stratified pathway safely allowed consolidation of resources to women perceived to be at highest risk of AoD (excluding pregnancy), supporting the efficacy of the pathway and allowing the diversion of resources to those most at risk of AoD.
Anthropometric, dietary, and lifestyle factors and risk of advanced thyroid cancer: The NIH‐AARP diet and health cohort study
Authors: Greca Amanda La , Grau Laura , Arbet Jaron , Liao Linda M. , Sosa Julie A. , Haugen Bryan R. , Kitahara Cari M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundMost patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer have low‐risk disease, but some have a higher risk for persistent or recurrent disease and even death from thyroid cancer. Few studies have evaluated potential anthropometric, lifestyle, or dietary risk factors for advanced or aggressive types of thyroid cancer.MethodsUsing data from a large US cohort study, we examined associations for high‐risk thyroid cancer (HRTC) and, separately, low‐risk thyroid cancer (LRTC) in relation to anthropometric factors, diet, smoking, and alcohol consumption. The National Institutes of Health‐American Association of Retired Persons (NIH‐AARP) Diet and Health Study included 304,122 participants (124,656 women and 179,466 men) without a history of cancer who completed a mailed questionnaire in 1996–1997 and were followed for cancer incidence through 2011 via linkages with state cancer registries. Hazard ratios (HRs) for anthropometric, dietary, and lifestyle factors in relation to HRTC or LRTC, defined using guidance from the American Thyroid Association initial risk of recurrence classification, were calculated using multivariable‐adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models.ResultsDuring follow‐up (median = 10.1 years), 426 participants were diagnosed with HRTC (n = 95) or LRTC (n = 331). In models combining men and women, baseline waist circumference (per 5 cm, HR = 1.13, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01–1.27) and weight gain from age 18 years to baseline age (per 5 kg, HR = 1.14, 95% CI 1.02–1.28) were positively associated with risk of HRTC but not LRTC. In contrast, vegetable intake (per cup equivalents/day, HR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.01–1.30), cigarette smoking (current vs. never, HR = 0.39, 95% CI 0.23–0.68), and alcohol consumption (per drink/day, HR = 0.83, 95% CI 0.70–0.97) were associated with risk of LRTC but not HRTC. The association of LRTC risk with vegetable intake was limited to men, and that of current smoking was more pronounced in women.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that greater waist circumference and adulthood weight gain are associated with thyroid cancers at higher risk for recurrence. These results may have implications for the primary prevention of advanced thyroid cancer.
The nature of expectations of bariatric surgery in patients during the pre‐ and post‐operative period: A unicentric, qualitative study of patient perspectives
Authors: Mercier Li Anne , Fortin Annabelle , Atto Essé Julien , Lavoie Kim L. 
Published: September 2023

SummaryMany patients (20%–30%) experience suboptimal weight loss (WL) after bariatric surgery (BS), and unrealistic preoperative WL expectations may be a contributing factor. This study aimed to describe the nature of patients' general expectations of BS during the pre‐surgical period, and how patients determined whether their expectations and WL goals (WLGs) were realistic. The extent to which patients' expectations and WLGs were met and/or changed during the post‐surgical period was also assessed. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 15 preoperative patients recruited approximately 6‐months before surgery. Focus groups were also conducted with 14 post‐operative patients recruited approximately 6‐months after surgery. Interviews and focus groups were audio‐recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using qualitative content analysis. Preoperative patients reported expectations that BS would positively impact physical and psychological health, social relationships, as well as quality of care. Preoperative patients perceived that they and their health care professionals had unrealistically high expectations of WL. Post‐operative patients reported being generally satisfied with the outcomes of surgery, even though many did not reach their expected WL. Finally, most post‐operative patients reported changing their expectations from pre‐ to post‐surgery. This study provides data that may help inform the development of preoperative interventions focusing on helping patients set realistic expectations for WL and related outcomes, which could better prepare patients for the challenges they will face after surgery.
Items Outperform Adjectives in a Computational Model of Binary Semantic Classification
Authors: Diachek Evgeniia , Brown‐Schmidt Sarah , Polyn Sean M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSemantic memory encompasses one's knowledge about the world. Distributional semantic models, which construct vector spaces with embedded words, are a proposed framework for understanding the representational structure of human semantic knowledge. Unlike some classic semantic models, distributional semantic models lack a mechanism for specifying the properties of concepts, which raises questions regarding their utility for a general theory of semantic knowledge. Here, we develop a computational model of a binary semantic classification task, in which participants judged target words for the referent's size or animacy. We created a family of models, evaluating multiple distributional semantic models, and mechanisms for performing the classification. The most successful model constructed two composite representations for each extreme of the decision axis (e.g., one averaging together representations of characteristically big things and another of characteristically small things). Next, the target item was compared to each composite representation, allowing the model to classify more than 1,500 words with human‐range performance and to predict response times. We propose that when making a decision on a binary semantic classification task, humans use task prompts to retrieve instances representative of the extremes on that semantic dimension and compare the probe to those instances. This proposal is consistent with the principles of the instance theory of semantic memory.
Neutrophil extracellular traps aggravate intestinal epithelial necroptosis in ischaemia–reperfusion by regulatingTLR4/RIPK3/FUNDC1‐required mitophagy
Authors: Chu Chengnan , Wang Xinyu , Chen Fang , Yang Chao , Shi Lin , Xu Weiqi , Wang Kai , Liu Baochen , Wang Chenyang , Sun Dongping , Li Jieshou , Ding Weiwei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNeutrophil extracellular trap (NET) has been confirmed to be related to gut barrier injury during intestinal ischaemia–reperfusion (II/R). However, the specific molecular regulatory mechanism of NETs in II/R‐induced intestinal barrier damage has yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we reported increased NETs infiltration accompanied by elevated inflammatory cytokines, cellular necroptosis and tight junction disruption in the intestine of human II/R patients. Meanwhile, NETs aggravated Caco‐2 intestinal epithelial cell necroptosis, impairing the monolayer barrier in vitro. Moreover,Pad4‐deficient mice were used further to validate the role of NETs in II/R‐induced intestinal injury. In contrast, NET inhibition viaPad4deficiency alleviated intestinal inflammation, attenuated cellular necroptosis, improved intestinal permeability, and enhanced tight junction protein expression. Notably, NETs prevented FUN14 domain‐containing 1 (FUNDC1)‐required mitophagy activation in intestinal epithelial cells, and stimulating mitophagy attenuated NET‐associated mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular necroptosis, and intestinal damage. Mechanistically, silencing Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) or receptor‐interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) via shRNA relieved mitophagy limitation, restored mitochondrial function and reduced NET‐induced necroptosis in Caco‐2 cells, whereas this protective effect was reversed by TLR4 or RIPK3 overexpression. The regulation of TLR4/RIPK3/FUNDC1‐required mitophagy by NETs can potentially induce intestinal epithelium necroptosis.
Geopolitical hostility and corporate innovation: Evidence from US high‐tech firms in trade sectors with China
Authors: Qiao Yankuo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study aims to empirically examine whether and how the innovation activities would change in the face of shocks caused by heightened US‐China tensions for US high‐tech firms from trade sectors with China. It is found that although the overall innovation intensity slides down during periods of heightened geopolitical risk and policy uncertainty, innovativeness of the US high‐tech companies from trade sectors with China is not completely suppressed by the escalated tensions and still maintains certain levels of momentum compared with other firms. However, the empirical evidence demonstrates that the superiority of the innovation intensity of US high‐tech companies from trade sectors with China to other firms is curbed during periods of heightened tensions in comparison with periods in the absence of geopolitical shocks and economic uncertainty. Moreover, the negative impact of US‐China tensions on corporate innovation is further amplified when the firm is less established, more financially constrained and of smaller size and less human power capital, each of which serves as an important moderator driving the negative relation. The findings of the paper are based on multifaceted empirical methods and contribute to the literature on corporate innovation, international trade, and geopolitical and economic tensions between nations.
Improving the antioxidant activity of yogurt through black and green tea supplementation
Authors: Celik Omer Faruk , Kilicaslan Merve , Akcaoglu Sevgi , Ozturk Yasin 
Published: September 2023

SummaryThis study aimed to improve the bioactive properties of yogurt by adding black and green tea at concentrations of 0.5 and 1% (w/v) (Control (C), B05, B1, G05, and G1). In general, tea addition increased the selected mineral concentrations in yogurt while no change in fat or protein contents was observed. Both black (B05: 148.82; B1: 253.29 μg GAE/g) and green (G05: 630.96 μg; G1: 1264.20 GAE/g) tea have enhanced the total phenolic content (C: 50.79 μg GAE/g) and antioxidant activity of yogurt significantly (P < 0.05), that is 100‐times increase in G1 compared to C. Although relatively higher syneresis rates were observed for green tea added yogurt, both teas and their increasing concentrations increased the syneresis. However, higher pH values and generally better textural qualities were observed in green tea‐added yogurt samples during storage. Increasing amounts of tea, especially green tea, resulted in a lower overall acceptability of yogurts, the most important reason for which is the decrease in flavour value. This study showed that the bioactive properties of yogurt could be improved through black and green tea additions without harming its microbial (>107 cfu/g during storage) and textural qualities and maintaining adequate sensory acceptability.
Effect of germination on techno‐functional and nutraceutical properties of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) flour
Authors: Gaytán‐Martínez Marcela , Domínguez‐Hernández Elisa , Morales‐Sánchez Eduardo , Mariscal‐Moreno Rosa María 
Published: September 2023

SummaryGermination is an economic and feasible process that have demonstrated changes in nutritional, biochemical and sensorial properties on cereals and legumes. The present work presents the impact of germination, at two different times (24 and 48 h) and temperatures (18 and 35 °C) on techno‐functional, nutraceuticals and nutritional properties of Vigna unguiculata (cowpea) flours. Germinated V. unguiculata (cowpea) flours showed a higher protein content (22.19%–23.30%) than ungerminated flour (20.72%), as well as an increase in ash and total dietary fibre content. In contrast, lipid content was reduced by half when germinated at 48 h and 35 °C. The values for phenolic compounds in germinated flours ranged from 10.22 to 21.94 mg GAE/g. The flavonoid content decreased between 10% and 31.5%. Antioxidant capacity increased after germination. Regarding techno‐functional properties, darker colour was obtained for germinated flours and more yellowness. For water absorption capacity, a range of 1.7–2.9 g/g were obtained, and an increase in oil absorption capacity was observed. Germination for 48 h and 35 °C resulted in a significant improvement of nutrient content and bioactive properties and showed good techno‐functional properties.
Experiences of older vulnerable people with ischemic heart disease and their peer mentors: A qualitative process evaluation
Authors: Pedersen Maria , Bennich Birgitte Bøcher , Petersen Rikke Agnete , Boateng Takyiwa , Egerod Ingrid , Overgaard Dorthe 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimTo understand the content and context of a realized peer mentor intervention, and to explore how mentors and mentees experienced the intervention.DesignThe study was designed as a qualitative process evaluation of a 24‐week peer mentor intervention.MethodsSemi‐structured individual interviews were conducted from November 2021 to May 2022 in a purposeful sample of older vulnerable people with ischemic heart disease, referred to as mentees (n = 13), and their peer mentors (n = 12). Thematic analysis was used to analyse, categorize and interpret interview data.ResultsFive themes captured the content and context of the peer mentor intervention as experienced by mentors and mentees. ‘Takes one to know one’, stressing the importance of the mentor–mentee matching process; ‘Varying demand for mentors’, illustrating the difficulties in predicting who has the greatest need for mentoring; ‘Varying degree of familiarity’, describing the mentor–mentee relationship as a continuum from formal mentor to informal friend; ‘Putting the patient first’, illustrating how mentors support mentees based on their personal experiences of successful recovery while letting the mentee set the pace and goals; and ‘Varying view of success’, showing how intervention success is perceived differently by mentors and mentees.ConclusionsThe study provides new knowledge on how and under what contextual circumstances a mentor intervention works. These findings are important for the implementation of future peer mentor interventions to achieve successful peer mentor support.Implications and ImpactNon‐attendance and drop‐out from the cardiac rehabilitation program are prevalent problems among older vulnerable people with cardiovascular disease. This study describes a low‐cost peer mentor intervention that can support this group of patients.Reporting MethodStandards for reporting qualitative research (SRQR) guided our study.Patient or Public ContributionA board of cardiovascular patients have contributed to the development and implementation of the intervention being evaluated.
Predicting nurses’ safety compliance behaviour in a developing economy, using the theory of planned behaviour: A configurational approach
Authors: Asante Kwadwo , Novak Petr 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimThe study's main objective was to use a fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis to identify the configuration of recipes that predict nurses' safety compliance behaviour.DesignA cross‐sectional design.MethodsA survey was used where questionnaires were collected from 285 nurses across four primary healthcare hospitals within the Ashanti Region, Ghana. The data collection happened between June 1 to August 2, 2022. A fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis was used to identify the recipes of psychological factors that determine nurses' safety compliance behaviour.ResultsResults from the study suggest that the necessary configurations that explained nurses' safety compliance behaviour came from the presence of subjective norm, attitude, perceived behavioural control, perceived organizational support and negation of intention. The result highlights the need for safety protocols to be conscious of the interplay between nurses' assessment of self, social clues and perception of management care and support since such psychological factors must be considered concurrently to achieve the optimal safety compliance behaviour among nurses.ConclusionA health and safety protocol that fails to recognize the importance of psychological antecedents on subordinates' safety compliance behaviour could limit the safety policy's usefulness in bringing the appropriate behavioural change in nurses.ImpactTo date, no study has combined the antecedents of theory planned behaviour with perceived organizational support and cue to action to assess how they collectively predict nurses' safety compliance behaviour. Findings from the study suggest that nurses in primary health facilities inform their safety compliance behaviour by assessing self‐capabilities, social signals from superiors and colleagues and perception of management support. Hospital administrators and nursing managers in sub‐Saharan Africa may rely on these psychological forces to persuade nurses to develop positive safety compliance behaviour at the health facility.Patient or Public ContributionNo Patient or Public Contribution.
Strong postmating reproductive isolation in Mimulus section Eunanus
Authors: Farnitano Matthew C. , Sweigart Andrea L. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Postmating reproductive isolation can help maintain species boundaries when premating barriers to reproduction are incomplete. The strength and identity of postmating reproductive barriers are highly variable among diverging species, leading to questions about their genetic basis and evolutionary drivers. These questions have been tackled in model systems but are less often addressed with broader phylogenetic resolution. In this study we analyse patterns of genetic divergence alongside direct measures of postmating reproductive barriers in an overlooked group of sympatric species within the model monkeyflower genus, Mimulus. Within this Mimulus brevipes species group, we find substantial divergence among species, including a cryptic genetic lineage. However, rampant gene discordance and ancient signals of introgression suggest a complex history of divergence. In addition, we find multiple strong postmating barriers, including postmating prezygotic isolation, hybrid seed inviability and hybrid male sterility. M. brevipes and M. fremontii have substantial but incomplete postmating isolation. For all other tested species pairs, we find essentially complete postmating isolation. Hybrid seed inviability appears linked to differences in seed size, providing a window into possible developmental mechanisms underlying this reproductive barrier. While geographic proximity and incomplete mating isolation may have allowed gene flow within this group in the distant past, strong postmating reproductive barriers today have likely played a key role in preventing ongoing introgression. By producing foundational information about reproductive isolation and genomic divergence in this understudied group, we add new diversity and phylogenetic resolution to our understanding of the mechanisms of plant speciation.
Abstract
Hybrid seed inviability and other postmating reproductive barriers isolate species in Mimulus section Eunanus. Variation in seed size may help explain hybrid seed failure. Whole-genome sequencing indicates a complex history of divergence, including signals of ancient introgression and cryptic diversity.
Digital holographic microscopy of spiropyran‐based dynamic materials
Authors: Jamali Ramin , Rad Vahideh Farzam , Razaghi Masoumeh , Mohamadnia Zahra , Khorasani Mojtaba , Moradi Ali‐Reza 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSpiropyran (SP)‐based dynamic materials undergo structural changes in response to external stimuli. In this paper, we show that digital holographic microscopy (DHM) is an effective candidate for characterisation of SPs (embedded in polymer matrices) and for monitoring of their dynamical changes. The polymer matrices are polylactic acid (PLA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) films, which are decorated with SPs and immobilised on graphene quantum dots (GQDs). GQDs are modified by benzylamines prior to the loading of SP species because of the enhancement of hydrophobic characteristics. UV irradiation is used as the external stimulus and the dynamical changes of the samples before and after UV irradiation are measured. DHM is arranged on a novel self‐referencing setup, which substantially reduces the sensitivity of DHM to environmental vibrations. Morphometric information for characterisation of the samples is obtained by analysis of the recorded digital holograms. The experimental results demonstrate the potential of the presented technique to serve as an alternative technique for surface measurement methodologies such as atomic force microscope and stylus profiler for surface characterisation of similar materials.