bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Science” and “art” as ways of knowing in school education in Nepal for an inclusive learning environment
Authors: Pant Binod Prasad , Luitel Bal Chandra , Bjønness Birgitte , Gjøtterud Sigrid 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFor several years, science and art have been viewed as separate entities in school education in Nepal. The dominant discourse on science was regulated by Western Modern Worldview (WMW), assuming that seeking universal truth should be the central aim of the exploration. In this article, science refers to the absolutist/rigid nature of different disciplines (such as Science and Mathematics) from the perspectives of Newtonian science, whereas art is viewed from three dimensions; literary arts (i. e. narratives, storing), visual arts (i.e., images, painting, sculpture) and performing arts (i.e., role play, drama). This paper argues that science and arts, as ways of knowing, should be taken as complements of each other. This literature-based argumentative paper also incorporates the lead author’s experiences using art as/for pedagogical approaches in collaboration with schoolteachers. At the same time, the authors also argue the role of critical reflection to acknowledge both science and art as epistemology. The authors have used Dewey's perspectives on the roles of art for experiencing in education. Also, the notion of Mezirow’s Transformative Learning is helpful as an influential lens to showcase the ever-changing thoughts in the transformation continuum. To set the context for the argumentation, the authors discussed the existing Nepali school education system, focused on curricula and pedagogical perspectives. The paper is helpful for teachers, teacher educators, and researchers to critically reflect on their own beliefs and practices in terms of viewing the different perspectives on STEM subjects and the inseparable relationship of science and art for knowledge generation and pedagogical application.
The contribution of economic development, renewable energy, technical advancements, and forestry to Uruguay's objective of becoming carbon neutral by 2030
Authors: Raihan Asif 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUruguay has set a target of becoming carbon neutral by the year 2030, and this study looks into the role that economic progress, renewable energy utilization, technological innovations, and forest extent could play in reaching the goal. The Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) technique was applied to examine time series data from 1990 to 2021. According to the outcomes of the DOLS estimation, a one-percentage-point boost in economic growth is associated with a 1.16% increase in CO2 emissions. However, increasing the use of renewable energy by 1% is related to a reduction in CO2 emissions of 0.73 percent over the long run, as indicated by the coefficient of renewable energy being negative and statistically significant. The calculated long-run coefficient of technological innovations is negative and statistically significant, suggesting that a 1% increase in technological innovation causes a 0.11% cut in CO2 emissions. The long-run coefficient of forest area is notably negative and significant, which means that expanding forest area by 1% lessens CO2 emissions by 0.56%. The empirical results show that as Uruguay's economy grows, so do its CO2 emissions, but the country may get closer to its goal of carbon neutrality through the growing use of renewable energy, technological innovation, and sustainable forest management. The robustness of the outcomes was verified by utilizing the fully modified least squares (FMOLS) and canonical cointegrating regression (CCR) techniques. In order for Uruguay to reach its goal of carbon neutrality by 2030, this article offers policy ideas centered on a low-carbon economy, promoting renewable energy utilization, financing of technological innovations, and sustainable forest management.
Graphical Abstract
Science and Power in the Nineteenth-Century Tasman World
Authors: Roginski Alexandra 
Published: May 2023

The contentious science of phrenology once promised insight into character and intellect through external 'reading' of the head. In the transforming settler-colonial landscapes of nineteenth-century Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand, popular phrenologists – figures who often hailed from the margins – performed their science of touch and cranial jargon everywhere from mechanics' institutions to public houses. In this compelling work, Alexandra Roginski recounts a history of this everyday practice, exploring how it featured in the fates of people living in, and moving through, the Tasman World. Innovatively drawing on historical newspapers and a network of archives, she traces the careers of a diverse range of popular phrenologists and those they encountered. By analysing the actions at play in scientific episodes through ethnographic, social and cultural history, Roginski considers how this now-discredited science could, in its own day, yield fleeting power and advantage, even against a backdrop of large-scale dispossession and social brittleness.
Leveraging retooled clinical research infrastructure for Clinical Research Management System implementation at a large Academic Medical Center
Authors: Mullen Catherine G. , Houlihan Jessica Y. , Stroo Marissa , Deeter Christine E. , Freel Stephanie A. , Padget Angela M. , Snyder Denise C. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Quality clinical research is essential for health care progress and is the mission of academic health centers. Yet ensuring quality depends on an institution’s ability to measure, control, and respond to metrics of trial performance. Uninformed clinical research provides little benefit to health care, drains institutional resources, and may waste participants' time and commitment. Opportunities for ensuring high-quality research are multifactorial, including training, evaluation, and retention of research workforces; operational efficiencies; and standardizing policies and procedures. Duke University School of Medicine has committed to improving the quality and informativeness of our clinical research enterprise through investments in infrastructure with significant focus on optimizing research management system integration as a foundational element for quality management. To address prior technology limitations, Duke has optimized Advarra’s OnCore for this purpose by seamlessly integrating with the IRB system, electronic health record, and general ledger. Our goal was to create a standardized clinical research experience to manage research from inception to closeout. Key drivers of implementation include transparency of research process data and generating metrics aligned with institutional goals. Since implementation, Duke has leveraged OnCore data to measure, track, and report metrics resulting in improvements in clinical research conduct and quality.
Virtual reality for philanthropy: A promising tool to innovate fundraising
Authors: Sooter Nina M. , Ugazio Giuseppe 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Philanthropic organizations experience difficulties in obtaining support from younger generations, highlighting the need for modern fundraising strategies. Advances in technology provide a potential solution by offering alternatives to traditional fundraising practices. In an experimental study in collaboration with the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), we investigated whether virtual reality (VR) could be harnessed to innovate fundraising. We customized a VR module developed by the ICRC and tested its effectiveness at eliciting donations compared to that of an on-screen version of the experience. In addition, we explored mechanisms that might drive this effect, namely the level of interactivity (active/passive) and the type of affect elicited by the module (positive—happy ending/negative—tragic ending), as well as subjective perceptions and emotions related to the experience. Our findings showed that VR, compared with an on-screen experience, led to both an increase in incentivized donations and a larger reported propensity to become regular donors. Investigating the mechanisms that might drive the effect, we found that the VR experience led to stronger emotional feelings (notably being moved and sadness) and improved quality of the experience (e.g., level of interest and vividness). We further found physiological evidence showing a significant increase in arousal for the VR condition compared with the on-screen condition, although this was not correlated with an increase in donations. Taken together, our study provides evidence that VR could be a viable tool to innovate fundraising and identifies some of the features that may make this medium more effective than traditional practices.
Constituting institutional identity in political discourse: The use of the first-person plural pronoun in China's press conferences
Authors: Liu Ruey-Ying 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe discursive construction of institutional identity concerns how speakers, through their verbal conduct, perform actions as incumbents of particular institutional roles. This can be accomplished through the first-person plural pronoun, a salient marker of the ongoing displays, expressions, and constructions of institutional identity. Drawing on the Chinese premier's press conferences, this study investigates how politicians, journalists, and interpreters constitute their institutional identities through their use of the first-person plural pronoun (English we; Mandarin 我们 wǒmen). Relying on qualitative analysis and bivariate analysis, this study shows that Chinese journalists and interpreters tend to constitute their identities as aligned with the Chinese authority. This stands in contrast to patterns identified in independent press systems, in which journalists confront politicians, and interpreters serve as impartial facilitators. The findings illustrate the bounded fluidity of identities in political discourse and provide insight into the workings of the political communication system in an authoritarian context. (Political discourse, identity, personal pronoun, press conference, journalistic norm, mass communication, interpreter-mediated interaction, China, authoritarianism)*
Comparison of serum progesterone levels on the day of frozen embryo transfers according to type of endometrial preparation: a single centre, retrospective study
Authors: Pouget Olivier , Zemmache Zakarya , Kabani Sarah , Alsawaf Malak , Zuna Irma , Bonneau Marine , Tailland Marie Laure , Nobre Meirinhos Julie , Rougier-Maillard Nathalie , Sigala Julien , Poirey Sophie , Huberlant Stéphanie 
Published: May 2023

SummaryThe live birth rate following embryo transfer is comparable between spontaneous, stimulated and artificial cycles. However, the pregnancy loss rate appears elevated with hormonal therapy, possibly due to luteal insufficiency. This study aimed to determine whether the serum progesterone level on transfer day differed according to the endometrial preparation method for frozen embryo transfer (FET). Twenty spontaneous cycles (SC), 27 ovarian stimulation cycles (OS) and 65 artificial cycles (AC) were retrospectively studied from May to December 2019 in a single French hospital. The primary endpoint was the level of serum progesterone on the day of FET between the three endometrial preparation methods. The mean serum progesterone level on transfer day was 29.47 ng/ml in the OS group versus 20.03 ng/ml in the SC group and 14.32 ng/ml AC group (P < 0.0001). Progesterone levels remained significantly different after logistic regression on age and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level. There was no significant difference in demographic and hormone characteristics (age, body mass index, embryo stage of embryo, type of infertility, basal follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol and AMH levels), endometrial thickness, number and type of embryos transferred, duration of infertility, pregnancy rate, live birth rate and pregnancy loss rate. No difference was found in serum progesterone levels between clinical pregnancy with fetal heartbeat and no clinical pregnancy (no pregnancy or pregnancy loss, 17.49 ng/ml vs 20.83 ng/ml, respectively, P = 0.07). The lower serum progesterone level found on FET day in the AC group should be further investigated to see whether this difference has a clinical effect on the live birth rate.
Body size over the adult life course and the risk of colorectal cancer among postmenopausal women
Authors: Su Le , Hendryx Michael , Li Ming , Shadyab Aladdin H , Saquib Nazmus , Stefanick Marcia L , Luo Juhua 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjective:To assess the associations among several anthropometric measures, as well as BMI trajectories and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in older women.Design:Prospective cohort study.Setting:Forty clinical centres in the USA.Participants:Totally, 79 034 postmenopausal women in the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study.Results:During an average of 15·8 years of follow-up, 1514 CRC cases were ascertained. Five BMI trajectories over 18–50 years of age were identified using growth mixture model. Compared with women who had a normal BMI at age 18, women with obesity at age 18 had a higher risk of CRC (HR 1·58, 95 % CI 1·02, 2·44). Compared with women who kept relatively low normal body size during adulthood, women who progressed from normal to obesity (HR 1·29, 95 % CI 1·09, 1·53) and women who progressed from overweight to obesity (HR 1·37, 95 % CI 1·13, 1·68) had higher CRC risks. A weight gain > 15 kg from age 18 to 50 (HR 1·20, 95 % CI 1·04, 1·40) and baseline waist circumference > 88 cm (HR 1·33, 95 % CI 1·19, 1·49) were associated with higher CRC risks, compared with stable weight and waist circumference ≤ 88 cm, respectively.Conclusion:Women who have a normal weight in early adult life and gain substantial weight later, as well as those who are persistently heavy over adulthood, demonstrated a higher risk of developing CRC. Our study highlights the importance of maintaining a healthy body weight over the life course for reducing the risk of developing CRC in women.
Current status and needs in the primary healthcare system in Yangon, Myanmar: a mixed-method evaluation
Authors: Moon Jihyun , Kang Su Jin , Kwon Young Dae , Song Eun-mi , Noh Jin-Won 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground:Many low- and middle-income countries and international organisations have invested resources to strengthen primary health care (PHC). This study aimed to identify the challenges and unmet needs in the current PHC by assessing the experiences and perceptions of healthcare workers in three townships (Htan Ta Pin, Hmawbi, and Taikkyi) in Yangon, Myanmar.Methods:The study was conducted among healthcare professionals and community leaders in three townships. Adopting a mixed-method approach, a cross-sectional health needs assessment survey was conducted for quantitative data (n= 66), and focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted online for qualitative data.Findings:Enhancing the management and leadership capacity had the lowest average score on the current achievement (2.81 out of 5 ratings) while strengthening infectious disease control service and accessibility was perceived as the highest mean on the priority of intervention (4.28) and the impact of the intervention (4.7). The FGDs revealed that while specific infrastructures and equipment were reported insufficient and necessary, the need for financial support has been the recurrent theme throughout the discussions.Interpretation:Utilising the World Health Organisation’s six building block frameworks, our findings suggest that a long-term targeted financial investment in the PHC system is critical in Myanmar through increasing healthcare expenditure per capita.
The European Union Databases User Group (EUDUG)
Authors: Rocha Frederico , Swift Hester 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe European Union Databases User Group (EUDUG) is a group of information professionals, and others, who have an interest in European Union information resources and matters. Here Frederico Rocha (manager of the European Documentation Centre at Cardiff University and chair of EUDUG) and Hester Swift (Foreign and International Law Librarian, Institute of Advanced Legal Studies Library and EUDUG secretary) explain the aims of the group, while illustrating the wide and varied range of speakers and organisations that have played a part in its meetings. They also describe how the group has continued to be relevant in this post-Brexit world, while outlining its plans for the future.
The BIALL Sustainability Working Group
Authors: Baird Christine 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe BIALL Sustainability Working Group is now up and running, having received formal approval from the BIALL Council. Here Christine Baird, Information Services Officer at Pinsent Masons LLP and a member of the new group, explains how it aims to ensure that sustainability is at the heart of BIALL's agenda, both now and going into the future.
Integrating weed-suppressive cultivar and cover crops for weed management in organic sweetpotato production
Authors: Werle Isabel S. , Noguera Matheus M. , Karaikal Srikanth K. , Carvalho-Moore Pamela , Badou-Jeremie Kouame Koffi , de Lima Gustavo Henrique Bessa , Roberts Trenton L. , Roma-Burgos Nilda 
Published: May 2023

AbstractField studies were conducted in 2021 in Kibler and Augusta, AR, to determine the effect of winter cover crops and cultivar selection on weed suppression and sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] yield. The split-split-plot studies evaluated three cover crops [cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) + crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.)], [winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) + crimson clover], and fallow; weeding (with or without); and four sweetpotato cultivars (‘Heartogold’, ‘Bayou-Belle-6’, ‘Beauregard-14’, and ‘Orleans’). Heartogold had the tallest canopy, while Beauregard-14 and Bayou Belle-6 had the longest vines at 5 and 8 wk after sweetpotato transplanting. Sweetpotato canopy was about 20% taller in weedy plots compared with the hand-weeded treatment, and vines were shorter under weed interference. Canopy height and vine length of sweetpotato cultivars were not related to weed biomass suppression. However, vine length was positively correlated to all yield grades (r > 0.5). Weed biomass decreased 1-fold in plots with cover crops compared with bare soil at Augusta. Cover crop biomass was positively correlated with jumbo (r = 0.29), no. 1 (r = 0.33), and total sweetpotato yield (r = 0.34). Jumbo yield was affected the most by weed pressure. On average, sweetpotato total yield was reduced by 80% and 60% with weed interference in Augusta and Kibler, respectively. Bayou Belle-6 was the high-yielding cultivar without weed interference in both locations. Bayou Belle-6 and Heartogold were less affected by weed interference than Beauregard-14 and Orleans.
Surface‐Atmosphere Decoupling Prolongs Cloud Lifetime Under Warm Advection Due To Reduced Entrainment Drying
Authors: Zhang Haipeng , Zheng Youtong , Lee Seoung Soo , Li Zhanqing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAn initially well‐mixed stratocumulus deck can remain overcast for several tens of hours under warm‐advection conditions, although moisture supply is cut off from the ocean due to surface‐atmosphere decoupling (stabilization of the surface‐atmosphere interface). In this study, a set of idealized large‐eddy simulations were performed to investigate the physical mechanism of how warm‐air advection impacts the evolution of a pre‐existing stratocumulus deck. To mimic warm‐air advection, we decrease the sea surface temperature linearly over time in a doubly periodic domain. Given the same initial conditions, the stratocumulus deck is more persistent when experiencing warm‐air advection than cold‐air advection. This persistence is caused by reduced cloud‐top entrainment drying due to decoupling, a process more influential than the decoupling‐induced cutoff of moisture supply. This mechanism is more notable when the free troposphere becomes more humid. The relevance of the mechanism to previous observations of less low‐level cloudiness under warm‐advection conditions is discussed.
Energy‐Dispersive Field‐Aligned Warm Ion Enhancement in the Plasma Sheet During a Substorm Growth Phase: A THEMIS Event
Authors: Wang Chih‐Ping , Wang Xueyi , Lin Yu , Wing Simon , Hairston Marc 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe present an event of field‐aligned warm (10–1,000 eV) ion enhancement with an energy‐dispersion signature with increasing energy that has never been reported before and propose that such dispersion was a result of outflow ions being gradually accelerated by intensifying upward field‐aligned potential. The energy‐dispersive enhancement with increasing energy from ∼20 eV up to several hundreds of eV in ∼10 min was observed in the plasma sheet around 01 hr magnetic local time by two spacecraft at r ∼ 7 and 9 RE, respectively, with the spacecraft at larger r observing the dispersion ∼20 min earlier than the other. This event occurred during the growth phase of a small non‐storm time substorm. Observations in the ionosphere and ground in the vicinity of the spacecraft's footprint indicate that the magnetospheric convection and field‐aligned currents (FACs) were enhanced and there was an indication of upward field‐aligned potential associated with FACs. We propose that enhanced Poynting flux associated with enhanced convection first drove ∼20 eV outflow ions to the plasma sheet to cause the initial enhancement, then the increasing intensities of FACs and the associated upward field‐aligned potential gradually increased the energy of the outflow ions to above 100 eV, thus resulting in the observed energy‐dispersive enhancement with increasing energy. In addition, the earthward penetration of FACs may explain why the enhancements were observed at larger r earlier.
Expressing Gratitude to Reviewers: A Message From the Editors of Reviews of Geophysics for 2022
Authors: Florindo Fabio , Acocella Valerio , Bingham Robert , Carlton Ann Marie , D’Odorico Paolo , Duan Qingyun , Gettelman Andrew , Halekas Jasper S. , Harris Ruth , Mollenhauer Gesine , Robock Alan , Stirling Claudine , Yokoyama Yusuke 
Published: May 2023

Plain Language SummaryOn behalf of the authors and readers of Reviews of Geophysics (RoG), the American Geophysical Union, and the broader scientific community, the editors wish to wholeheartedly thank those who reviewed manuscripts for RoG in 2022.