bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional and Clinical Outcomes of Delusional Disorder and Schizophrenia Patients after First Episode Psychosis: a 4-year Follow-up Study
Authors: Hui Christy Lai Ming , Chan Evie Wai Ting , Hui Priscilla Wing Man , Tao Tiffany Junchen , Ho Elise Chun Ning , Lam Bertha Sze Ting , See Sally Hiu Wah , Suen Yi Nam , Chang Wing Chung , Wa Sherry Kit , Lee Edwin Ho Ming , Chen Eric Yu Hai 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

BackgroundLiterature has typically associated delusional disorder with a poorer prognosis relative to schizophrenia, without considering the confounding effect of age despite a differential age of onset. This study therefore aims to investigate the diagnostic stability, clinical, functional, and neurocognitive differences of Chinese first-episode psychosis age-matched patients with delusional disorder and schizophrenia at four years.Methods71 delusional disorder and 71 age-matched schizophrenia patients were followed up for four years after their initial episode. Their symptoms, insight in psychosis, side effects of medication, medication compliance, functioning, and neurocognitive performance were assessed at four years.ResultsAt four years, 65% of DD patients maintained the same diagnosis, while the rest shifted to SZ. Only those without a diagnostic shift were included in the analysis. Delusional disorder patients (N = 46) experienced more general symptoms and poorer insight, but better attitude towards medication than schizophrenia patients (N = 71). Social and occupational functioning, quality of life, and cognitive functioning, however, were similar in delusional disorder and schizophrenia patients.ConclusionsResults indicate delusional disorder is less diagnostically stable than schizophrenia. Their outcomes in a Chinese population were largely similar at four years after removing the confounding age factor, implying that delusional disorder and schizophrenia may not be as distinct as previously thought.
Inhalable N-Acetylcysteine loaded PLGA composites for Tuberculosis: In Vitro Aersolization and Efficacy Studies
Authors: Chaudhary Kabi Raj , Puri Vishal , Singh Arti , Singh Charan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) is a precursor of Glutathione (GSH) which possess an immense potential of mucolytic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties against several diseases including tuberculosis. Since last several decades, NAC is being primarily used to treat lung conditions as well as paracetamol-induced liver toxicity However, NAC exhibited potential antimycobacterial activity through several mechanism including immunomodulation, enhancement of GSH level, and by direct antimycobacterial effect. Herein, we synthesized and characterized lactose coated N-acetylcysteine loaded PLGA composites (NAC-PLGA@Cs) by double emulsion solvent evaporation technique. The physicochemical characterization studies revealed the compatibility of the drug with excipients. Moreover, NAC-PLGA@Cs showed particle size with 310 ± 5.5nm, PDI with 0.15 ± 0.1, and zeta potential with − 11.5 ± 0.4 mV. In vitro release study suggested the biphasic release profile. Likewise, in vitro lung deposition studies revealed remarkable lung deposition parameters, indicating effective particles size for efficient pulmonary delivery. Additionally, in vitro study for antimycobacterial activity exhibited superior antibacterial activity against MTB H37Rv. Subsequently, we hypothesized that NAC incorporated PLGA composites could be a novel approach in the battle of fighting for pulmonary tuberculosis.
Effect of crowding on teamwork in the resuscitation room
Authors: Edberg Fredrik , Jehlbo Mattias , Adis Jonas , Djärv Therese 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Crowding, describing a state where patient demands exceed available emergency department (ED) resources, seems to be associated with patient outcomes but its effect on teamwork is unknown.
Aim: To examine how crowding affects the teamwork of ED staff in the resuscitation room. Secondarily, to assess if teamwork correlates with patients’ length of stay (LOS) in ED.
Materials and methods: Data was collected from 50 cases treated in resuscitation rooms over a 23-day period in the autumn of 2022, at the Karolinska University Hospital ED in Huddinge. The questionnaire Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM) was used by staff to evaluate teamwork. The TEAM has three sub-categories and a total score, all evaluated on a 5-point Likert scale. Data was presented as median with interquartile range (IQR). Crowding was assessed binarily as a value over 1.0 for the ratio of number of patients present divided by number of beds.
Results: The median scores on TEAM for total performance was 41 (IQR 38-44) for hours with non-crowding compared to 40 (34-43) for hours with crowding (p-value 0.61). Further, no differences were found on any of the sub-categories, i.e. leadership, teamwork, and task management 7 (6-8); 26 (25-28); and 8 (7-8) compared to 8 (6-8); 26 (22-28); and 8 (7-8), respectively (all p-values >0.05). No statistically significant correlations were found between team performances and patients’ LOS.
Conclusion: Teamwork was often assessed as good or excellent by team members, during or not during crowding. However, the poorest scores on teamwork were during crowding.
Blocking MyD88 signaling with MyD88 inhibitor prevents colitis-associated colorectal cancer development by maintaining colonic microbiota homeostasis
Authors: Xie Bin , Wang Bo , Shang Runshi , Wang Lu , Huang Xia , Xie Lin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose. Intestinal microbiota appears to positively correlate with tumorigenesis of CAC. It is proven that blocking MyD88 signaling can prevent colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) development in mice. We are aim to reveal the role of MyD88 signaling of maintaining colonic microbiota homeostasis for preventing CAC development.
Methods. We here analyzed the landscape of gut microbiome in the mice model of AOM/DSS-induced CAC with MyD88 inhibitor treatment.
Results. PCoA revealed significant reduction in Lactobacillus load and increase in Escherichia load in the mucosal microbial composition of mice with CAC, compared with normal controls (NCs). Inhibitor-treatment led to almost undetectable Proteobacteria (Escherichia)and the retention of the dominance of Firmicutesand Bacteroidota (Muribaculaceae) in the mucosa. RNA sequencing analysis identified genes were up-regulated (Hp, SAA3 and IL-1F9) and down-regulated (CYP3A44, SLC30A10, GPNMB and OTC) in Inhibitor-treated mice (vs. CAC). Meanwhile, Inhibitor-treated mice had higher percentage of MUC2-positive area in colon sections (vs. CAC, which was less than NCs) by IF staining and decreased Escherichiain the mucus layer (vs. CAC) by FISH. And intestinal microbiota from mice with MyD88 inhibitor treatment could lessen the outcome of CAC by fecal microbiota transplantation.
Conclusions. The development of CAC was involved in the increasing and ectopic Escherichia in the decreasing colonic mucus layer. MyD88 signaling blockade may maintain the host-microbiota homeostasis by up-regulating MUC2 production, increasing probiotics and their protective effects, and inhibiting the reproduction of Escherichia.
Reactions of chlorophyll with hydroxyl radicals via RAF, HAT and SET mechanisms: A theoretical study
Authors: Biswas Swarnadeep , Shukla Pradeep Kumar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

To understand the scavenging action of chlorophyll found in most of the vegetables towards hydroxyl (OH•) radicals, its reactions with hydroxyl (OH•) radicals via RAF, HAT and SET mechanisms have been investigated theoretically using two layer ONIOM [M06-2X/6-31G(d) (High):M06-2X/3-21G (Low)] method and M06-2X/6-311 + G(d,p) level of density functional theory.It is found that RAF and HAT reactions are exergonic in both gaseous and aqueous media whereas SET reactions are endergonic in both media. However, all the RAF, HAT and SET reactions studied here are found to be more favourable in aqueous mediavs.gas phase. This study concludes that chlorophyll can efficiently scavenge OH• radicals preferably via RAF and HAT mechanisms and intake of water with chlorophyll can enhance its scavenging actions.
Development of Conserved Multi-epitopes Based Hybrid Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 Variants; An Immunoinformatic Approach
Authors: Yaseen Allah Rakha , Suleman Muhammad 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The world had faced unprecedented disruptions like global quarantine and the COVID-19 pandemic due to SARS-CoV-2. To combat the unsettling situations, several effective vaccines have been developed and are currently being used. However, the emergence of new variants and the high mutation rate of SARS-CoV-2 challenge the efficacy of existing vaccines and have highlighted the need for novel vaccines that will be effective against SARS-CoV-2 variants. In this study, we exploit all four structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2 to execute a potential vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. The vaccine was designed by utilizing the antigenic, non-toxic, and non-allergenic epitopes of B-cell and T-cell from conserved regions of viral structural proteins. To build a vaccine construct, epitopes were connected through different linkers and adjuvants to enhance the immunogenicity and specificity of the epitopes. The vaccine construct was selected through the aforementioned filters and it scored 0.6 against the threshold of 0.4 on VexiJen 2.0 which validates its antigenicity. Toll-like receptors (TLR2–4, and TLR8) and vaccine construct were docked by Cluspro 2.0, and TLR8 showed strong binding of -1577.1 kCal/mole. To assess the reliability of the docked complexes, C-IMMSIM's immune simulations over three doses of the vaccine and iMODS' molecular dynamic simulation were executed. The stability of the vaccine construct was evaluated through the physicochemical analyses and the findings suggested that the manufactured vaccine is stable under a wide range of circumstances and has the ability to trigger immune responses against various SARS-CoV-2 variants (due to conserved epitopes). However, in order to strengthen the vaccine formulation and assess its safety and effectiveness, additional studies and research are required to support the computational data of this research at In-vitro and In-vivo levels.
Purified Cucurbitacin D leads to alterations of apoptotic and autophagic genes expression in MDA-MB-468 and MCF-7 human breast cancer cells
Authors: Zeinali Elham , Zargar Seyed Jalal , Mozdoori Najmeh 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Breast cancer is the second most frequent malignancy worldwide. The use of plant-derived drugs in cancer therapy are widely considered in the treatment of different malignancies including breast cancer. Cucurbitacin D (Cu D) is able to induce apoptosis in cancerous cells through different signaling pathways. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of different concentrations of Cucurbitacin D on viability, death pattern as well as the expression alterations of Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3, p53, Atg5, Beclin-1, PTEN and Akt genes in the MCF-7 (ER positive) and MDA-MB-468 (triple negative) breast cancer cell lines. Two breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468) were cultured and treated with different concentrations of the purified Cucurbitacin D. Anti-proliferative effects of the Cucurbitacin D on both breast cancer cell lines viability was investigated using the MTT assay. Real-time PCR was applied to evaluate the expression levels of the genes upon Cucurbitacin D therapy. Significant dose-dependent and anti-proliferative effects of the Cucurbitacin D were observed on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 cells after 24 h with IC50 value about 30 and 25 µM, respectively (P < 0.01). Significant changes in expression of the genes in the breast cancer lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468), were observed under different concentrations of Cucurbitacin D. Our results confirmed that the Cucurbitacin D may influence breast cancer cell lines viability at specific doses and by altering the expression of these genes. The differences between the gene’s aberrations in our breast cancer cell lines propose that these genes can have a distinct role in the pathophysiology and therapy responsiveness of various subtypes of breast cancer.
iMN041 is an immunotherapeutic and an effective treatment in mouse xenograft models of pancreatic cancer, renal cancer and triple negative breast cancer
Authors: Daifuku Richard , Zhang Yu , Wang Jingjing , Gu Qingyang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND: iMN013 (5-aza-2’,2’-difluorodeoxycytidine), a DNA methyl transferase inhibitor and ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor, and its prodrug iMN041 (3’,5’-di-trimethylsilyl-2’,2’-difluro-5-azadeoxycytidine), have been shown to be active in mouse xenograft models of hematogenous and solid tumors. In a xenograft of non-small cell lung cancer (NCI-H460), iMN041 treated mice demonstrated a marked inflammatory response upon analysis of tumor histology, which was hypothesized to be mediated by upregulation of natural killer (NK) cells. This study aimed to characterize the antitumor immune responses generated by iMN041 and test the efficacy iMN041 in solid tumors with poor prognosis.
METHODS: In the Renca syngeneic mouse model, tumors were harvested following two doses of iMN041 or vehicle control, and analyzed by fluorescent-activated cell sorting for an antitumor immune response. iMN041 was also tested for tumor growth inhibition and animal survival for up to 42 days in xenograft models of pancreatic, renal, and triple negative breast cancer.
RESULTS: Tumors from mice implanted with the Renca cell line and treated with iMN041 demonstrated an increase in granzyme B in NK (p = 0.024) and NKT cells (p = 0.004), an increase in the ratios of CD8-T to regulatory T cells (Treg) (p = 0.0026) and CD4-T to Treg cells (p = 0.022) and a decrease in myeloid-derived suppressor cells (p = 0.040), compared to vehicle controls. A significant decrease in MAGE-A positive tumor cells in treated mice, concordant with a proportional decrease in all live tumor cells, suggests that these cells are one of the main targets of the activated immune system. Xenograft models of the triple negative breast cancer cell line DU4475, renal cancer cell lines 786-O and Caki-1, and pancreatic cancer cell lines CFPAC-1 and SW1990, demonstrated significantly lower tumor volumes, and, where there were a sufficient number of events, significantly improved survival in treated mice compared to vehicle control mice.
CONCLUSIONS: In mouse cancer models, iMN041 is an effective treatment for solid tumors mediated through a unique antitumor immune response.
Ethynyl-Tetrazines: A Clickable Reagent for Universal Access to Rapid and Stable Bioorthogonal Probes
Authors: Yang Haojie , Sun Hongbao , Chen Yinghan , Yuan Fang , Yang Cheng , Wu Xiaoai , Chen Wei , Liang Yong , Wu Haoxing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Despite the tetrazine bioorthogonal reaction holding immense potential in biomedical research and drug discovery, its in vivo performance has been strongly challenged by the inverse correlation between the physiological stability and reactivity of tetrazines. Moreover, the preparation of tetrazine is typically complex and requires restricted reagents. To overcome these challenges, we describe a scalable approach to synthesize a range of shelf-stable ethynyl-tetrazines. By using ethynyl-tetrazine as a clickable precursor, we can modularly access a new type of highly reactive functionalized triazolyl-tetrazines with improved stability for use in biomedical applications. We demonstrate the efficacy of this approach by efficiently constructing 18F-labeled tetrazine derivatives with radiochemical yields of up to 84%, and tunable biodistribution patterns for PET (positron emission tomography) imaging. This approach will significantly facilitate the application of tetrazine bioorthogonal chemistry in biomedical research, theranostics, and materials science.
Targeted single-particle tracking with upconverting nanoparticles
Authors: Dukhno Oleksii , Ghosh Srijayee , Greiner Vanille , Bou Sophie , Godet Julien , Muhr Verena , Buchner Markus , Hirsch Thomas , Mely Yves , Przybilla Frederic 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Single-particle tracking (SPT) is a powerful technique to elucidate the behavior of biomolecules inside or on the surface of living cells in real time. SPT is based on labeling the component of interest with a phosphor or a light-scattering gold nanoparticle, and visualizing its motion by real time microscopy. However, SPT generally suffers from suboptimal performance of phosphors. For example, fluorescent dyes have poor photostability, while quantum dots suffer from sporadic blinking that hampers track acquisition and interpretation. Light-scattering gold nanoparticles require custom experimental setups and relatively large particle size for tracking purposes. In recent years, upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) have emerged as a promising phosphor that enables backgroundless anti-Stokes luminescence imaging. They are also attractive for SPT applications due to their extreme photostability and non-blinking luminescence. Previously, SPT has been used to monitor UCNP endocytosis in cells. However, targeted SPT with UCNPs that specifically bind to biomolecules of interest has not yet been achieved. In this work, we provided a first proof-of-concept experiment of targeted SPT with UCNPs and showed the superior performance of UCNPs compared to organic dyes and quantum dots. As a benchmark system to assess the performance of UCNPs, we tracked FcεRI receptors on the surface of RBL-2H3 cell membranes using UCNP-IgE conjugates and obtained good agreement with data from the literature. Importantly, the versatility of the biotin-streptavidin architecture of our system allows UCNPs to be used to track a wide range of targets. Overall, this report lays the foundation for UCNP applications in targeted SPT.
Transcriptomics reveal how circadian regulation contributes to starch hyperaccumulation in Platymonas helgolandica along with glucose
Authors: Shi Qianwen , Zhou Zuodong , Hong Zhiwei , Yang Zhi , Gao Zhengquan , Sun Liyun , Fan Jianhua 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Platymonas helgolandica var. Tsingtaoensis (P. helgolandica) is a marine microalga. It can produce a large amount of starch, especially amylose, with addition of carbon source and specific circadian rhythm. The mechanism behind this phenomenon is still unclear. Analysis of this mechanism can help to develop P. helgolandica into a new green bioengineering chassis organism.
Result
We explained how circadian rhythm and glucose affect the rate of starch accumulation and starch structure in P. helgolandica based on the transcriptome. The glucose inhibited the photosynthetic system of P. helgolandica, while the circadian rhythm can alleviate the inhibition. Circadian rhythm induced the up-regulation of Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (EMP) pathway and pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) in P. helgolandica, but had little effect on the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle). PPP pathway provides Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP), which may be beneficial for dark reactions and nucleotide synthesis. And PPP pathway provides Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), which facilitates energy substance synthesis. This will further upregulate the starch metabolic pathway. The transcript level of the key gene ADP-Glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) is mainly regulated by glucose. The granule-bound starch synthase (gbss), a key gene for amylose synthesis, is mainly influenced by circadian rhythm. In general, the increase of starch synthesis and amylose ratio requires both glucose addition and circadian rhythm.
Conclusion
We report the first referenced transcriptome of P. helgolandica. Differences between transcripts reveal how circadian rhythm and glucose addition affected the rate of starch synthesis and structural variation. It provides a reference for an in-depth study of starch synthesis in green algae.
Stratified two-stage cluster sampling using PPS in the first stage and RSS in the second stage
Authors: Yanglem Worthing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This work is an extension of stratified sub-sampling in which both probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling and ranked set sampling (RSS) is introduced for estimating the population mean. This method first stratifies the population consisting of clusters or primary stage units. Then, clusters within each stratum are selected using PPS with replacement. The selection of units in each cluster is done by RSS without replacement in the second stage of sampling. Using real-life population based on the Census of India (2011) which relates to the total number of agricultural labourers in Imphal West district, Manipur, the population mean is estimated under the proposed estimator and its efficiency with respect to the conventional stratified two-stage cluster sampling is also studied.
"Beinahe-ums-Leben-kommen-in-Regenpfützen" und "Chauvi-Macho-Macker-Stuss" – kreative Wortbildungen in Songtexten
Authors: Hein Katrin 
Published: May 2023

Im Zentrum dieses Beitrags steht die Analyse kreativer Wortbildungsprodukte in Songtexten. Der Fokus liegt somit bewusst auf solchen Wortbildungen, die nicht den Weg ins Lexikon finden, sondern gerade aufgrund ihres okkasionellen Charakters einen erhöhten Grad an Expressivität aufweisen, der dann gezielt für die spezifische kreative Qualität von Songtexten genutzt wird.
Solche okkasionellen komplexen Wörter, die sich in theoretischer Hinsicht innerhalb der Domäne der ‚Extravagant Morphology‘ verorten lassen, werden über das Kriterium der Wortlänge aus dem Songkorpus herausgefiltert und im Anschluss hinsichtlich ihrer formalen sowie semantisch-pragmatischen Besonderheiten analysiert. Im Vordergrund steht dabei die Frage, wodurch die Kreativität der insgesamt 183 Bildungen des Untersuchungskorpus getriggert wird. Die Analyse zeigt, dass expressive Effekte in Songtexten offenbar sowohl durch die Verwendung markierter Wortbildungsmuster als auch durch den Rückgriff auf ‚auffällige‘ Lexik erzeugt werden. Zum einen ist der Anteil markierter Wortbildungsmuster wie der Phrasenkomposition und anderer phrasaler Wortbildungen gegenüber klassischen Textsorten wie Zeitungstexten deutlich erhöht. Zum anderen wird durch die Verwendung einer umgangssprachlichen, vulgären, brutalen oder poetischen Lexik, aber auch mit unmarkierten Wortbildungsmustern wie der prototypischen Determinativkomposition, Aufmerksamkeit erregt. Insgesamt erweist sich das Songkorpus dabei als wahre Fundgrube für kreative Wortbildungsprodukte.
End-user perspective of low-cost sensors for urban stormwater monitoring: a review
Authors: Zhu Qingchuan , Cherqui Frédéric , Bertrand-Krajewski Jean-Luc 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

The large-scale deployment of low-cost monitoring systems has the potential to revolutionize the field of urban hydrology monitoring, bringing improved urban management, and a better living environment. Even though low-cost sensors emerged a few decades ago, versatile and cheap electronics like Arduino could give stormwater researchers a new opportunity to build their own monitoring systems to support their work. To find out sensors which are ready for low-cost stormwater monitoring systems, for the first time, we review the performance assessments of low-cost sensors for monitoring air humidity, wind speed, solar radiation, rainfall, water level, water flow, soil moisture, water pH, conductivity, turbidity, nitrogen, and phosphorus in a unified metrological framework considering numerous parameters. In general, as these low-cost sensors are not initially designed for scientific monitoring, there is extra work to make them suitable for in situ monitoring, to calibrate them, to validate their performance, and to connect them with open-source hardware for data transmission. We, therefore, call for international cooperation to develop uniform low-cost sensor production, interface, performance, calibration and system design, installation, and data validation guides which will greatly regulate and facilitate the sharing of experience and knowledge.