bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Precise Control of Digital Dental Unit to Reduce Aerosol and Splatter Production: New Challenges for Future Epidemics
Authors: Yu Yuedi , Wu Xueling , Sun Yang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
During dental procedures, critical parameters, such as cooling condition, speed of the rotary dental turbine (handpiece), and distance and angle from pollution sources, were evaluated for transmission risk of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), simulated by spiking in a plasmid encoding a modified viral spike protein, HexaPro (S6P), in droplets and aerosols.
Methods
To simulate routine operation in dental clinics, dental procedures were conducted on a dental manikin within a digital dental unit, incorporating different dental handpiece speeds and cooling conditions. The tooth model was immersed in Coomassie brilliant blue dye and was pre-coated with 100 µL water spiked-in with S6P-encoding plasmid. Furthermore, the manikin was surrounded by filter papers and Petri dishes positioned at different distances and angles. Subsequently, the filter papers and Petri dishes were collected to evaluate the aerosol splash points and the viral load of S6P-encoding plasmid in aerosols and splatters generated during the dental procedure.
Results
Aerosol splashing generated a localized pollution area extended up to 60 cm, with heightened contamination risks concentrated within a 30 cm radius. Significant differences in aerosol splash points and viral load by different turbine handpiece speeds under any cooling condition (P < 0.05) were detected. The highest level of aerosol splash points and viral load were observed when the handpiece speed was set at 40,000 rpm. Conversely, the lowest level of aerosol splash point and viral load were found at a handpiece speed of 10,000 rpm. Moreover, the aerosol splash points with higher viral load were more prominent in the positions of the operator and assistant compared to other positions. Additionally, the position of the operator exhibited the highest viral load among all positions.
Conclusions
To minimize the spread of aerosol and virus in clinics, dentists are supposed to adopt the minimal viable speed of a dental handpiece with limited cooling water during dental procedures. In addition, comprehensive personal protective equipment is necessary for both dental providers and dental assistants.
Characteristics and influencing factors of uranium adsorption by sandstones outside an acid in-situ leaching uranium mining area
Authors: Yang Bing , Cui Di , Meng Tong , Guo Huaming , Lian Guoxi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Uranium (U) contamination in groundwater of the uranium mines exploited using the in-situ leaching (ISL) technology (also referred to as the ISL uranium mines) has attracted wide international attention. Since the adsorption of U in groundwater by aquifer media influences the migration scope of U, understanding the U adsorption by aquifer media is of great significance for accurately predicting the influencing scope of ISL uranium mines on groundwater. This study collected sandstone samples from the ore-bearing aquifer outside a typical mining area in a uranium mine exploited using the acid ISL (AISL) technology (also referred to as an AISL uranium mine) in northern China. Using these sandstone samples, this study conducted batch adsorption experiments and column experiments of U to reveal the characteristics and major influencing factors of U adsorption under different conditions. The results show that the adsorption of U by sandstones in the ore-bearing aquifer outside a mining area satisfies the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation and the linear isothermal adsorption model. In the batch U adsorption experiments, the adsorption efficiency and capacity for U reached maxima of 77.45% and 0.069 mg/g at pH 7, respectively. As shown by column experiments, the sandstones showed a significant increase in the U adsorption and retardation as pH increased. The SO42− concentration has minor effects on U adsorption under experimental conditions. Sandstones from different monitoring wells exhibited different U adsorption characteristics. Sandstone cores with relatively high contents of clay minerals such as illite showed strong U adsorption. Under the same experimental conditions, the U distribution coefficient Kd (6.91×10− 2 L/g) obtained from column experiments is much less than that (0.14 L/g) obtained from the batch U adsorption experiments. These results suggest that it is necessary to take into account the U adsorption and retardation by aquifer media in predicting the impacts of ISL uranium mines on the groundwater environment.
Biomarkers for Duchenne muscular dystrophy progression: impact of age in the mdx tongue spared muscle
Authors: Lorena Marcelo dos Santos Voltani , Santos Estela Kato , Ferretti Renato , Gowda G.A. Nagana , Odom Guy L. , Chamberlain Jeffrey S. , Matsumura Cintia Yuri 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe form of muscular dystrophy without an effective treatment, caused by mutations in the DMD gene, leading to the absence of dystrophin. DMD results in muscle weakness, loss of ambulation and death at an early age. Metabolomics studies in mdx mice, the most used model for DMD, reveal changes in metabolites associated with muscle degeneration and aging. In DMD, the tongue muscles exhibit unique behavior, initially showing partial protection against inflammation but later experiencing fibrosis and loss of muscle fibers. Certain metabolites and proteins, like TNF-α and TGF-β, are potential biomarkers for dystrophic muscle characterization.
Methods: To investigate disease progression and aging, we utilized young (1-month old) and old (21-25 months old) mdx and wild-type mice. Metabolite changes were analyzed using 1-H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, while TNF-α and TGF-β were assessed using Western blotting to examine inflammation, and fibrosis. Morphometric analysis was conducted to assess the extent of myofiber damage between groups.
Results: The histological analysis of the tongue showed no differences between groups. No differences were found between the concentrations of metabolites from wild type or mdx animals of the same age. The metabolites alanine, methionine, 3-methylhistidine were higher, and taurine and glycerol were lower in young animals in both wild type and mdx (p < 0.001). The metabolites glycine (p < 0.001) and glutamic acid (p = 0.0018) were different only in the mdx groups, being higher in young mdx mice. Acetic acid, phosphocreatine, isoleucine, succinic acid, creatine and the proteins TNF-α and TGF-β had no difference in the analysis between groups (p > 0.05).
Conclusions: Surprisingly, histological and protein analysis reveals that the tongue of young and old mdx animals is protected from severe myonecrosis observed in other muscles. The metabolites alanine, methionine, 3-methylhistidine, taurine, and glycerol may be effective for specific assessments, although their use for disease progression monitoring should be cautious due to age-related changes. Acetic acid, phosphocreatine, isoleucine, succinate, creatine, TNF-α, and TGF-β do not vary with aging and remain constant in spared muscles, suggesting their potential as specific biomarkers for DMD progression independent of aging.
Single Stage Plant-Warehouse Location Problem (SSPWLP): A State of Art Formulation
Authors: awasthi pushkar , sharma rrk , singh vinay 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Kaufman et. al. (1977) first considered this problem (SSPWLP). Goods flow from plants to warehouses to markets. Here we need to locate plants and warehouses of appropriate capacities so that sum total of location cost of plants and warehouses and distribution cost of goods from plant to warehouses to markets is minimized. They considered normalized decision variables (see Sharma and Muralidhar (2009)). However they used the formulation style of Geoffrion and Graves (1974). We use normalized variables but use the variable style of Sharma (1991) and Sharma and Berry (2007) that reduces the number of variables. We give several strong linking constraints by drawing from the works of Sharma and Namdeo (2005) and Sharma and Berry (2007). Below we give the formulation in brief. Details can be seen in the body of the paper. Variables names are self explanatory and makes understanding the model easier.
New Formulation of SSPWLP:
Min sum(i,j), cpw(i,j)*xpw(i,j) + sum(j,k), cwm(j,k)*xwm(j,k)
Sum(i), yp(i)*fp(i) + sum(j), yw(j)*fw(j) (0)
Sum(i,j), xpw(i,j) = 1 (0a)
Sum(j,k), xwm(j,k) = 1 (0b)
Sum(j), xwm(j,k) >= d(k) for all k (0c)
Sum(j), xpw(i,j) <= capp(i) for all i (1)
Sum(j), xpw(i,j) <= capp(i)*yp(i) for all i (2)
Sum(i), xpw(i,j) <= capw(j) for all j (3)
Sum(i), xpw(i,j) <= capw(j)*yw(j) for all j (4)
xpw(i,j) <= yp(i)*capw(j) for all i, j (5)
xpw(i,j) <= yw(j)*capp(i) for all i,j (6)
xwm(j,k) <= d(k)*yw(j) for all j,k (7)
Sum(j), xpw(i,j) <= yp(i) for all i (8)
Sum(i), xpw(i,j) <= yw(j) for all j (9)
Flow balance constraint:
Sum(i), xpw(i,j) = sum(k), xwm(j,k) for all j (10)
Sum(i), capp(i)*yp(i) >= 1 (11)
Sum(j), capw(j)*yw(j) >= 1 (12)
xpw(i,j) >= 0 for all i,j; xwm(j,k) >= 0 for all j,k (13)
yp(i) = (0,1) for all i and yw(j) = (0,1) for all j (14)
This (the above formulation of SSPWLP) is the best formulation of SSPWLP that is amenable to solution by LP relaxation and attendant branch and bound and/or branch and cut solution procedure. In literature the distribution phase between plant and warehouse (where plant and warehouse are to be located) is solved by Sharma and Agarwal (2014) as MID_CPLP were Lagrangian Relaxation (LR) was deployed to get RHS_CPLP and LHS_CPLP (different classes of capacitated plant location problems) that were attempted by well known relaxations (LR and Linear Programming) already available in literature (see Priyanka Verma and Sharma (2011)). Computational investigation is underway to determine efficacy of different new linking constraints given in this paper.
A general model for thermodynamic properties of fluid mixtures based on Helmholtz energy formulations for the components. Virial expansion and reduction to van der Waals mixing rules.
Authors: Hrubý Jan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Over the recent decades, Helmholtz energy formulations became available for a broad range of fluids. These multiparameter equations of state [R. Span, Springer 2000] allow computation of thermodynamic properties essentially within the experimental errorbars. Corresponding states-based model by Lemmon and Tillner-Roth [Fluid Phase Equilib. 165, 1 (1999)] enabled construction of Helmholtz energy formulations for mixtures. However, we show that this model generates a non-physical dependence of virial coefficients on composition, which can be strong when the components are dissimilar. We propose a new mixture model that overcomes this deficiency. It has two main ingredients: (i.) Quadratic mixing of ``Helmholtz volumities''. This quantity with units of molar volume is introduced as a ratio of the molar residual Helmholtz energy to a product of gas constant, thermodynamic temperature, and molar density. It reduces to the second virial coefficient in the zero-density limit. Helmholtz volumities are considered for components and ``cross-components'', hypothetic fluids representing the binary interactions. (ii.) Replacing the variables -- reduced reciprocal temperatures and reduced densities -- with temperature and density scaling functions. Different scaling functions can be used for different components and cross-components, thus providing a highly flexible framework for representing the properties of mixtures. The scaling functions must be expandable into Taylor series in terms of molar concentrations in the zero-density limit. For the proposed mixture model, we develop formulas for computing virial coefficients up to the fourth order. Furthermore, we show that when the proposed mixture model is applied to a cubic equation of state, the conventional van der Waals mixing rules can be retrieved. These findings allow to consider the new model as a viable alternative to the corresponding states method of modeling thermodynamic properties of fluid mixtures.
Assessment of vascular indices by abdominal aortic ultrasonography in preterm neonates with bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Authors: Ghaderian Mehdi , Arezoo Mostafa , Ahmadi Alireza , Sabri Mohammad Reza , Dehghan Bahar , Mahdavi Chehreh , Hovsepian Silva 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) often experience systemic hypertension, but the exact cause is not yet known. Since there have been no previous studies on the relationship between systemic hypertension and aortic thickness, we conducted this study to evaluate and compare various vascular indices among preterm neonates with BPD, preterm neonates without BPD, and healthy neonates using abdominal aorta ultrasonography.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study 20 preterm neonates, 20 preterm neonates with BPD, and 20 healthy neonates who were matched for gestational age, weight, sex, and age were included. Demographic, anthropometric, and clinical examination data were recorded. The neonates underwent abdominal aortic ultrasonography to compare the aortic wall thickness and vasomotor function among the three groups.
Results
The study found that neonates with BPD had a significantly higher mean systolic blood pressure compared to preterm and term neonates(P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in echocardiographic variables including SVR, input impedance, and arterial wall stiffness index among the three groups(P > 0.05). Mean (SD) of aIMT in preterm neonates with BPD, preterm and term neonates were 814(193.59), 497.50(172.19) and 574.00(113.20), respectively(P < 0.05). Mean (SD) of pulsatile diameter in preterm neonates with BPD, preterm and term neonates were 1.52(0.81), 0.91(0.55) and 1.34(0.51), respectively(P < 0.05). After adjusting for birth weight, sex, and gestational age, the study found a significant association between aIMT and BPD.
Conclusion
The study concluded that the mean aortic intima-media thickness (aIMT) was significantly higher in preterm neonates with BPD, which could be an early marker of atherosclerosis and predisposition to higher blood pressure and cardiovascular issues in the future. Therefore, the study suggests that aIMT could be used as a reproducible and well-tolerated marker to identify patients with BPD who are at risk for developing these health issues.
Spin-labeling Insights into How Chemical Fixation Impacts Glycan Organization on Cells
Authors: Jaiswal Mohit , Tran Trang T. , Guo Jiatong , Zhou Mingwei , Kunda Sayan , Guo Zhongwu , Fanucci Gail 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
As new methods to interrogate glycan organization on cells develop, it is important to have a molecular level understanding of how chemical fixation can impact results and interpretations. Site-directed spin labeling technologies are well suited to study how the spin label mobility is impacted by local environmental conditions, such as those imposed by cross-linking effects of paraformaldehyde cell fixation methods. Here, we utilize three different azide-containing sugars for metabolic glycan engineering with HeLa cells to incorporate azido glycans that are modified with a DBCO-based nitroxide moiety via click reaction. Continuous wave X-band electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy is employed to characterize how the chronological sequence of chemical fixation and spin labeling impacts the local mobility and accessibility of the nitroxide-labeled glycans in the glycocalyx of HeLa cells. Results demonstrate that chemical fixation with paraformaldehyde can alter local glycan mobility and care should be taken in the analysis of data in any study where chemical fixation and cellular labeling occur.
Terrestrial Water Storage Inversion Using Geodetic Measurements to Investigate the Characteristics of Drought in Yunnan, China
Authors: Chen Chao , Zou Rong , Fang Zhiwei , Cao Jiaming , Wang Qi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The use of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) for monitoring changes in terrestrial water storage (TWS) is growing. However, the density of GNSS stations is sparse in most areas, and the widely used Green’s function (GF) method cannot provide a satisfactory resolution for inversion problems. As the Slepian basis function (SBF) method has been successfully used for gravity inversions, GNSS geodesists have recently applied this inversion method to GNSS displacements. However, these inversion results relative to the GF method have seldom been evaluated. In this study, we use the SBF method to investigate the TWS in Yunnan by using more than ten years (2010–2021) of GNSS observations. We find good consistency between the two inversion methods that use GNSS data and strong agreement between water storage estimates based on GRACE, GLDAS, and precipitation datasets, although there are notable differences in amplitude. Furthermore, we also evaluate the connection between GNSS-inverted TWS and major extreme droughts during this period. Because there are thousands of GNSS receivers operating in China, it is possible that GNSS receivers installed for plate deformation studies, surveys, and weather monitoring could also be used to estimate the equivalent water height.
Water treatment-free intermittent hemodialysis: a new approach for kidney replacement therapy in the ICU setting. A retrospective study
Authors: Zucman Noémie , Uhel Fabrice , Verney Charles , Ricard Jean-Damien , Dreyfuss Didier , Roux Damien 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The optimal modalities of kidney replacement therapy (KRT) in the ICU remain debated. Intermittent hemodialysis (IHD) and continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) are the two main methods. Intermittent hemodialysis requires a water treatment system that may not be available in all jurisdictions. We report the experience of an innovative strategy of intermittent KRT without water treatment system.
During the COVID epidemics, the shortage of KRT machines and the transient impossibility of our water treatment system led us to use the Fresenius MultiFiltrate Pro® monitor to achieve IHD in a particular setting. Based on the manufacturer’s recommendations, the dialysate flow during "CVVHDF post" (post-dilution continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration) mode was increased by connecting the substitution pump in parallel with the dialysate pump using a Y-connector. This allowed doubling the flow rate of dialysate, allowing for 9000 mL/h during intermittent KRT sessions with a blood flow rate of 250 mL/min. We called this technic “water treatment-free intermittent hemodialysis” or WTF-IHD.
We report our experience in 18 patients who underwent 88 WTF-IHD sessions (median duration 5 hours (IQR [4;6]) between August 2019 and May 2020. The median urea reduction ratio was 38% (IQR [29;49]). Hypotension occurred during 21.6% of sessions. Hypokalemia or hypophosphatemia occurred in less than 5% of sessions.
In conclusion, WTF-IHD represents an attractive alternative to conventional IHD when a water treatment system is not available. Despite its lower efficacy compared with IHD, it may have substantial organizational and economic impact.
Hamiltonian cycle embedding with fault-tolerant edges and adaptive diagnosis in half hypercube
Authors: Fan Weibei , Liu Xuanli , Lv Mengjie 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Interconnection network directly affects the efficiency of parallel and distributed systems. Hypercube is one of the most important interconnection networks in parallel computing systems. As a significant variant of hypercube, half hypercube has the same number of vertices as hypercube while its degree is only half that of hypercube, which indicates that it has lower network overhead than hypercube. In this paper, we study the fault-tolerant embedding of Hamiltonian cycles and design an adaptive diagnosis algorithm for the half hypercube. Firstly, we prove that the half hypercube is Hamiltonian and propose an algorithm to construct a Hamiltonian cycle in the network. Furthermore, we prove that half hypercube is Hamiltonian with no more than (⌈n/2⌉−1) faulty edges. Finally, we present a parallel adaptive diagnosis scheme under PMC model, which can identify almost all faulty vertices in five rounds.
Using Daily Steps to Identify Older Adults with (Un)healthy Joint Profiles of Sedentary Time and Physical Activity: A Starting Point
Authors: Costa Eduardo C. , Freire Yuri A. , Alves Charles P. de Lucena , Cabral Ludmila L.P. , Barreira Tiago V. , Waters Debra L. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Herein, we investigated whether daily steps can discriminate between older adults with unhealthy and healthy joint profiles of sedentary time (ST) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Apparently healthy community-dwelling older adults aged 60–80 years were included in this cross-sectional analysis (n = 258). Daily steps, ST, and MVPA were assessed by accelerometry. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to test the performance of daily steps in identifying older adults with unhealthy (high ST/low MVPA) and healthy (low ST/high MVPA) joint profiles of ST/MVPA. The cardiovascular disease risk of unhealthy/healthy profiles was compared using a continuous metabolic syndrome score (cMetS). Daily steps discriminated older adults with unhealthy (AUC 0.892, 0.850–0.934; cut-off: ≤5,263 steps/day; sensitivity/specificity: 82.5%/81%) and healthy (AUC 0.803, 0.738–0.868; cut-off: ≥7,134 steps/day; sensitivity/specificity: 79.5%/66.2%) joint profiles of ST/MVPA. The unhealthy profile showed a higher cMetS (β = 0.46; p = 0.008). Likewise, older adults who fell below the daily steps cut-off point to identify the unhealthy profile of ST/MVPA exhibited a higher cMetS (β = 0.34; p = 0.004). In summary, our results provide a starting point for considering daily steps as a single heuristic metric for identifying older adults with a joint profile of high ST/low MVPA, which makes them more susceptible to CVD.