bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frontal and cerebellar contribution to pitch and rhythm processing: a TMS study
Authors: Picazio Silvia , Magnani Barbara , Koch Giacomo , Oliveri Massimiliano , Petrosini Laura 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Music represents a salient stimulus for the brain with two key features: pitch and rhythm. Few data are available on cognitive analysis of music listening in musically naïve healthy participants. Beyond auditory cortices, neuroimaging data showed the involvement of prefrontal cortex in pitch and of cerebellum in rhythm. The present study is aimed at investigating the role of prefrontal and cerebellar cortices in both pitch and rhythm processing. The performance of fifteen participants without musical expertise was investigated in a listening comparative task. The task required to decide whether two eight-element melodic sequences were equal or different according to pitch or rhythm characteristics. Before the task, we applied a protocol of continuous theta burst transcranial magnetic stimulation interfering with the activity of the left cerebellar hemisphere (lCb), right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG), or vertex (Cz-control site), in a within cross-over design. Our results showed that participants were more accurate in pitch than rhythm tasks. Importantly, following rIFG or lCb relative to Cz stimulations, the reaction times were slower and with no difference in both tasks. Notably, no lateralized motor stimulation effect was observed. The present findings point to the role of the fronto-cerebellar network in music processing with a single mechanism for both pitch and rhythm patterns.
A Low Power 10NM FinFET design of the GRFU-Multiply Accumulate Unit for DNN Accelerators
Authors: Sri P , Valarmathi R S , Poongodi C 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The paper presents a low power implementation of the GRFU based Multiply Accumulate unit for Deep Neural Network (DNN) Accelerators. The DNN is constructed based on the interconnections of many neurons. The neurons are most important structure to connect input, output and hidden layers incorporated in the DNN. The neuron has the basic operation of simultaneous addition and multiplications. The multiplication operation involves huge amount of power and area while designing an efficient neuron. Hence, the paper detailed that the RFU based MAC unit for DNN accelerators. The power reduction technique called GDI (Gate Diffusion Input) is infused with the RFUs and performance efficiency of the proposed design was validated by 10nm FinFET devices along with measuring different parameters in SPICE simulations.
Study of novel matrix certified reference material for accurate measurement of AFM1 in milk powder with two different concentrations
Authors: Huang ChunYuan , Liu YaXuan , Zhou Jian , Wang Ming , Yang MengRui , Li Fukai , Zhang Liyuan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this study, two different concentrations of matrix certified reference materials (CRMs) were produced for the accurate measurement of aflatoxin M1(AFM1) in milk powder((GBW(E) 100552, GBW(E) 100553)). The raw material was obtained by feeding cows with positive drugs. The homogeneity, stability and characterization of this matrix CRMs were examined by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry with isotope-labeled internal standard method. The certified value for the low concentration of AFM1 in milk powder was 2.45 µg/kg with an uncertainty of 0.43 µg/kg (coverage factor k = 2, at 95% confidence). The certified value for the high concentration of AFM1 in milk powder was 3.45 µg/kg with an expanded uncertainty of 0.49 µg/kg (coverage factor k = 2, at 95% confidence). In addition, the samples were evaluated in detail for homogeneity, long-term stability at -80°C for 6 months, and short-term stability at 4°C for 7 days. The results showed that the samples were stable under the above conditions.
Fe2GeS4 /Exfoliated Graphite Composite Anodes with Enhanced Performance for SIBs
Authors: Wang Peng , Zhu Xinxin , Ding Yihong , Shao Lixiong , Jin Huile , Zhan Lichen , Wang Xintong , Zeng Tianbiao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAs a new type of negative electrode material for SIBs, Fe2GeS4is considered a highly promising negative electrode material for SIBs owing to its high theoretical capacity, fast Na+diffusion kinetics, and good thermal stability. In practical applications, it is crucial to synthesize the high-capacity/reversible nanostructured Fe2GeS4-based negative electrodes through an easily executable method. In this study, a two-step synthesis method to prepare nanostructured Fe2GeS4anchored on graphite (Fe2GeS4/G-15%) was employed: the commercial FeS, S, and Ge powders were mixed and heated, and then graphite was added for ball milling. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that there is a strong interaction between the nanostructured Fe2GeS4powder and the exfoliated graphite, forming a highly stable nanocomposite material, which is beneficial for improving the reversible charge-discharge performance of the material. When used as a negative electrode material for SIBs, the prepared Fe2GeS4/G-15% exhibited a capacity of 665.5 mAh g− 1during the second cycle at 0.1 A g− 1and could maintain a capacity of 519 mAh g− 1even after the 60th cycle. Considering the simple synthesis process employed in this study, it provides a reference for the production of high-performance Fe2GeS4-based negative electrode materials for SIBs.
Coping Styles, Growth Mindset, Interpersonal Relationships And Suicidal Ideation In Chinese High School Students During COVID-19
Authors: Chen Yao , Zhang Libin , Dang Yujing , Yang Shaoqing , Cui Xinyi , Xu Ping , Bu Wei , Dan Xiaoling , Zhang Hongmei , Nie Chengcong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
We sought to understand the associations between growth mindset, interpersonal relationships, coping strategies and suicidal ideation in high school students during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Method
We surveyed 1564 high school students using the Growth Mindset Scale (GMS), Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation (PANSI), Trait Coping Style Questionnaire (TCSQ) and Interpersonal Relationships. We performed statistical analyses using Spearman’s Rank Order correlation, Mediation Analysis with PROCESS, and Structural Equation Modelling with Amos 23.0 on SPSS.
Results
We found that growth mindset, interpersonal relationships, coping strategies were all negatively correlated with suicidal ideation (p < 0.01), and growth mindset was positively correlated with both interpersonal relationships and coping strategies (p < 0.01). Hierarchical regression and mediation analyses showed that both growth mindset (β = -0.35, p < 0.01) and interpersonal relationships (β = -0.25, p < 0.01) had a statistically significant negative effect on suicidal ideation. Growth mindset also had a significant effect on interpersonal relationships (β = 0.27, p < 0.01) and had an indirect effect on suicidal ideation (β = -0.42, p < 0.01; effect size of -0.068 (95% CI [-0.088, -0.049])). Using coping strategies as a moderating variable, we observed significant moderation effect of positive coping strategies on the association between growth mindset and suicidal ideation (c = -0.45, t = -15.12**, 95% CI [-0.50, -0.39]). In contrary, negative coping strategies had a significant moderation effect on the association between growth mindset and suicidal ideation (c = -0.15, t = -4.78**, 95% CI [-0.20, -0.09]), and the association between interpersonal relationships and suicidal ideation (c = -0.28, t = -9.98**, 95% CI [-0.33, -0.22]).
Conclusions
Having a growth mindset can help students have lowered suicidal ideation, and this can be mediated by having better interpersonal relationships and moderated by positive coping strategies. This can inform future interventions for school students to build up students’ psychological resilience and emotional intelligence.
“Time Saved” Calculations to Improve Decision-Making in Proof-of-Concept Studies as Illustrated with a Post-hoc Analysis of IMM-AD04 Phase 2 Data in Patients with Early Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Dickson Samuel P. , Haaland Benjamin , Mallinckrodt Craig H. , Dubois Bruno , O'Keefe Patrick , Peters Oliver , III Agustín Fernández Santana , Schneeberger Achim , Hendrix Suzanne 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Disease modifying therapies (DMTs) are hypothesized to be most beneficial in early disease when progression is slow and mean changes will be small. Therefore, even highly effective therapies will yield small absolute differences whose clinical relevance may be hard to interpret. Time component tests (TCTs) translate differences between treatments in mean change – the vertical distance between longitudinal trajectories, into an intuitively understood metric of time saved – the horizontal distance between trajectories. This corresponds to maintenance of independence with active treatment. DMTs are likely to impact multiple disease domains simultaneously and on the timescale these outcomes can be readily combined in a global time component test (gTCT). Use of gTCTs reflects a critical shift from emphasizing single outcomes and minimally clinically important effects to valuing true disease slowing, and incremental, but permanent benefits on an entire progressive disease. gTCTs are particularly helpful early in clinical development because combining across scales measuring multiple domains reduces noise and improves power. Clinical outcomes, such as ADAS-Cog, ADCS-ADL, and CDR-sb, reflect different aspects of disease progression and convergence of time savings results across these outcomes is evidence of an upstream effect on the cascade of events leading to neurodegeneration. By tailoring the statistical analysis to treatments with disease modifying effects, treatment effect estimates will be more precise thereby increasing statistical power when multiple endpoints are affected. Results will have less power with symptomatic treatments that primarily impact only one endpoint. The TCT was applied to a phase II clinical trial with a composite scale as the primary outcome. The AD04 2 mg group, showed some statistically significant effects compared with other study arms. It is unclear whether the observed 3.8-point difference on the composite measure is clinically meaningful; however, the TCT results show a time savings of 11 months in an 18 month study with AD04 2 mg. The relevance of 11 months saved is more universally understood than a mean difference of 3.8 points in the composite outcome. These results suggest that a combination of a composite approach and a gTCT (time savings) interpretation offers a powerful approach for detecting disease modifying effects.
Global well-posedness in a two-dimensional two-species chemotaxis-Navier-Stokes system with competitive kinetics
Authors: Yang Minghua , Li Zijing 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this article, we study the Cauchy problem for the two-species chemotaxis-Navier-Stokes system with Lotka-Volterra competitive kinetics The system is a model that describes the dynamics of two species and comes from a problem on account of the influence of chemotaxis, the Lotka-Volterra kinetics and fluid. We prove the global-in-time existence and uniqueness of the weak solution to the system for a large class of initial data on the whole space R2.
The distal resection of the rectal pouch in laparoscopic-assisted anorectoplasty for high-and intermediate anorectal malformation: 153 cases’ experience in a single center
Authors: ye shiru , Zhou Yan , Zheng Chen , Li Siqi , Hu Wenshu , Gao Ruyue , Diao Mei , Li Long , Xiao Ping 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background and purpose
The neuromuscular defects in the distal 2-3cm of the rectal pouch has be confirmed in many histopathological studies. This study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with constipation and the efficacy of the distal 3cm resection in males with high-and intermediate anorectal malformation (ARM).
Methods
Demographic, associated anomalies, clinical features, and the bowel function of the males with ARM and rectourethral/rectovesical fistula (RUF/RVF) were evaluated. The Krickenbeck scores were used to assess bowel function. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to identify factors associated with constipation. The bowel function was evaluated between the resected group (DRL of not less than 3cm) and control group after 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM).
Result
A total of 153 males with a median follow-up period of 6 years, 54(35.2%) suffered from constipation. Multivariate analysis revealed that the DRL (OR = 0.68, P = 0.007) is the only independent protective factor of constipation after potty training. After PSM, 45 patients were included in resected group and control group, and the patients were well-balanced. No significant differences between groups were noted in postoperative complications (20.0% vs. 15.7% P = 0.581) and constant soiling (11.1% vs. 15.7%, P = 0.979). However, the incidence of constipation in the resected group was significantly lower than that in the control group (46.7% vs. 71.1%, P = 0.050).
Conclusion
The longer distal resection was the independent protective factor for constipation in males with high-and intermediate ARM, suggesting that the excessive preservation of the rectal pouch is the cause of constipation. And the constipation rate in ARM with distal 3 cm resection was significantly lower without increment of soiling after PSM. Thus, males with high-and intermediate ARM benefit from the distal 3cm resection based on the current evidence, and the precise length also need to be considered in combination with imaging and pathological data.
A multi-center study investigated the correlation between the severity of knee tibiofemoral osteoarthritis and the alignment of patellofemoral and patellar height on radiographs
Authors: 杨 振磊 , Shen Mingjie , Xie Deshun , Zhang Junzhe , Wei Qingjun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground：It remains uncertain if there is a correlation between the morphological structure of the patellofemoral joint (PFJ) and the severity of tibiofemoral osteoarthritis (TFOA) in the knee.Objective：The objective of this research was to establish the correlation between the severity of knee TFOA on radiographs and either patellar height or patellofemoral alignment.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the MRI scans and anteroposterior radiographs of 534 TFOA patients. To evaluate the radiographic severity of TFOA, the anteroposterior radiographs of the knee and the Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) grade were utilized. Knee MRI scans were used to measure the patellar length ratio (PLR), sulcus angle (SA), lateral patella tilt angle (LPTA), and the distance between the tibial tuberosity and trochlear groove (TT-TG). An examination was conducted on the association among the configuration of PFJ, arrangement, and the harshness of TFOA. Information on the participants' demographics, such as their age, gender, body asymmetry, height, and weight, was gathered. Statistical analysis involved the utilization of Chi-square test, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression.The study comprised of 534 patients, with a total of 586 knees. Of these, 339 (63%) were female and 195 (37%) were male. Females were found to have a higher occurrence of arthritis compared to males. No significant correlation was found between the laterality of the body and the severity of TFOA on radiographs. Age (r = 0.647, P < 0.01), LPTA (r = -0.626, P < 0.01), SA (r = 0.534, P < 0.05) and TT-TG (r = 0.697, P < 0.01) were strongly correlated with the severity of TFOA, as indicated by Pearson correlation. The severity of TFOA was found to be associated with age (β = 0.379, P < 0.01), BMI (β = 0.059, P < 0.01), LPTA (β = -0.144, P < 0.01), SA (β = 0.155, P < 0.01), and TT-TG (β = 0.367, P < 0.01) through multiple linear regression analysis.Conclusion:The radiographic severity of TFOA was positively linked to age, body mass index (BMI), SA, and TT-TG, but negatively associated with LPTA. Early intervention strategies for patients at risk of developing TFOA can be provided based on our conclusive findings with significant clinical implications.
Endocrine disruption study of active sunscreens´s compounds by docking and molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Passamani Fabiana , Santos Bianca Aloise Maneira Corrêa , Gonçalves Arlan Silva 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Context: The use of sunscreens is important in reducing the harmful effects caused by UV radiation. When applied in personal care, the sunscreens ingredients can assume inappropriate destinations, such as cutaneous permeation and bioaccumulation, which may have adverse impacts on human health and the environment. Information on the endocrine disrupting risks of sunscreen active ingredients is not satisfactory, requiring studies that elucidate ligand-receptor recognition. This work investigated the probabilities of interaction of nuclear receptors with commercially available UV filters and natural molecules, used in sunscreens products, seeking to understand their health risk. A further exploration was performed together with the activating ligand testosterone and the endocrine disruptor Bisphenol-A, analyzing the interaction mechanisms by molecular docking. The target was the androgen receptor (AR), which in excessive activation can trigger prostatic hyperplasia and cancer. The results show interaction with the activation site of AR, similar to the AR-Testosterone complex and Bisphenol-A. To understand the magnitude of the interactions, molecular dynamics simulations and binding energy calculations were performed on selected complexes showing changes in the AR activation pocket. This study provided relevant information for the development of safer and less toxic sunscreens
Methods: After computationally screening of ligands using the tool available on the web http://endocrinedisruptome.ki.si/, the androgen receptor was selected as a protein target. 3D structures of the ligands were prepared in Avogadro ® and optimized with semi-empirical method PM7 by MOPAC®. Next, docking was performed with AutoDockTools1.5.7®, and the best poses of the selected complexes were submitted to molecular dynamics simulations using the GROMACS software, with the OPLS/AA force field. The simulation trajectory frames were analyzed and used to calculate the MM-PBSA. Results were analyzed using xmgrace and Discovery Studio Visualizer® software.
Assessment of water quality parameters due to Longitudinal Salinity inundation at Indus Delta: A case study of Kharo Chan, District Sujawal
Authors: Imad Hafiz Usama , Sanjrani Raza Ali , Hassan Sajid , Solangi Shahjan , Sanjrani Ghulam Shabbir 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Deltas are landforms which are formed at the regions where a river meets an ocean. When the freshwater of a river joins the saline water of an ocean, a transitional state of water is obtained. This zone of transition varies on the quantity of freshwater entering the ocean and the quality of both of the waters. Indus River is facing severe challenges due to climate change which has resulted in reduced water flow in the river. Consequently, sea water intrusion takes place which causes coastal erosion, stunted mangrove growth and the narrowing of the river towards the seaside. The groundwater in the deltaic regions is unfit for drinking, forcing reliance on surface water. Sindh Province, particularly the coastal regions, suffers from severe water quality problems, affecting approximately 41% of the population. This research aims to evaluate the physiochemical parameters of water in the Indus River to identify the zone of salinity inundation and determine safe zones for accessing surface water in the Indus Delta in the Sujawal district. Water samples were collected from Khobar Creek, ending in the Arabian Sea in the areas of Shah Bandar and Kharo Chan at an approximate interval of 5 km. These samples were analysed for various physical and chemical properties. Then these properties were compared spatially to develop a relationship between distance and quality. TDS values are observed in between 21450 mg/L and 900 mg/L, pH was between 6.66 and 7063, EC of the samples varied from 33000 to 1385 µS/cm, Acidity values were in between 921.14 and 399.84 mg/L, Hardness was in the range of 3654 to 192 mg/L, and Turbidity was in between 21 and57 NTU. It was revealed from the results that seawater is having a severe influence upto 15 km from the mouth of the creek in which not a single parameter except pH was in accordance with WHO recommendations. In the interval of 15 to 30 km, some properties of water were in accordance with WHO recommendations, while some of them were exceeding the limits. It has been concluded that turbidity was improving while going toward the ocean. TDS, hardness and chloride concentration was increasing as water is getting closer to the sea while PH was found almost unaffected. The findings emphasize the need for addressing environmental degradation, social hardships, and economic challenges caused by these water quality issues. Ultimately, the quality of water is crucial for various activities, and its suitability for specific purposes is of utmost importance.
Opportunities and challenges for enhancing of preconception health among reproductive age groups of women in Mekele, Tigray Ethiopia 2018/9
Authors: Adane Shewit , G/her Brhane , Hagos Hadgay , Mehari Mhiret-ab , Zenebe Kahsay , Haftu Abera 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
preconception care involves in preventing and detecting of early disease before pregnancy occurred and has potential benefit both for the mother and her fetus. It prevents plenty of perinatal complications and now a days well organized and systematic preconception care services is mandatory in developing countries.
Objective
To explore opportunities and challenges for enhancing preconception health in Mekele, Tigray Ethiopia 2018/9.
Methods
Phenomenology study design was employed and sample size was determined by saturation of data. Purposive sampling technique was used to recruit study participants and method of data collection was in-depth interview. Method of data analysis was by atlas ti 7. Audios were transcribed first and translated to English version, then after codes were given and finally themes were developed.
Result
in this study a total of ten reproductive age group females were interviewed and their minimum and maximum age were 24&43 years respectively. Opportunities and challenges were explored from the participants’ perception; they explained that health extension workers, previous experience, family planning (condom) and friend’s incident were among contributing factors for enhancing of preconception care and in the counterpart carelessness, less awareness, unplanned pregnancy, unwillingness and poor paternal coordination were the challenges mentioned by the respondents which were recognized as obstacles not to attend preconception care. They explained that again failure to attend preconception care may end up with complicated perinatal outcome like anemia, abortion, hypertension, neural tube defect, preterm labor and low birth weight.
Conclusion and recommendation
overall the participants had poor awareness and little experience of preconception care. Preconception is overlooked and less attention is given based on the respondents thought, though it has invaluable contribution in future health of both the mother and fetus. The health system should gave emphasis to prevent those maternal and neonatal complication by mobilizing both the community members and health professional