bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does Social Interaction Spread Fear Among Institutional Investors? Evidence from Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Au Shiu-Yik , Dong Ming , Zhou Xinyao 
Published: May 2023

We study how social connectedness affected active mutual fund manager trading behavior in the first half of 2020. In the first quarter during which the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak occurred, fund managers located in or socially connected to COVID-19 hotspots sold more stock holdings compared with a control group of unconnected managers. The economic impact of social connectedness on stock holdings was comparable with that of COVID-19 hotspots and was elevated among “epicenter” stocks most susceptible to the pandemic shock. In the second quarter, social interaction had an overall negative effect on fund performance, but this effect depended on manager skill; unskilled managers who were connected to the hotspots underperformed, whereas skillful managers suffered no deleterious effect. Our evidence suggests that social connections can intensify salience bias for all but the most skilled institutional investors, and policy makers should be wary of the destabilizing role of social networks during market downturns. This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance. Funding: This work was supported by the Social Science and Humanities Research Council of Canada. Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4814 .
Diagnosis, management and training in perineal trauma: a national survey of UK midwives
Authors: Roper Joanna C , Thakar Ranee , Hurt K. Joseph , Sultan Abdul H 
Published: May 2023

Background/Aims Midwives are often the only professionals to examine a women after a vaginal birth. Therefore, it is important that they are trained in the detection and management of obstetric perineal trauma. This study's aim was to establish midwives' current knowledge and training in post-birth perineal trauma, including obstetric anal sphincter injuries, in the UK. Methods An online national validated survey was distributed to UK midwives. There were 58 questions to assess midwives' knowledge and training. Univariable and multivariable analyses were conducted. Results A total of 149 midwives participated. Only 50.3% had received training in obstetric tears. Midwives were better at classifying 3a (98.0% and 87.9% respectively) than 3b tears (79.2%, 85.9% and 84.6%) from images and descriptive text. Those who had training (P=0.02) and were a higher banding (P=0.003) were better at identifying tears. Conclusions Although midwives' knowledge of obstetric tears was good, there was room for improvement and midwives stated that they would like more training.
Maternal intrapartum fluids and neonatal weight loss in the breastfed infant
Authors: Rich Melody , Dowling Sally , Bray Isabelle 
Published: May 2023

Background/Aims Significant weight loss during early life can be of serious concern and assessing weight is key in decisions regarding supplementation. However, supplementation is a significant risk factor for early breastfeeding cessation. Recognising differential causes of weight loss supports identification of genuinely unwell infants and targets practices that support exclusive breastfeeding appropriately. This study's aim was to identify whether maternal fluid balance/load is associated with neonatal weight loss. Methods The databases CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, EMCARE were searched for relevant literature. Data were extracted using a structured form based on the Cochrane handbook. Meta-analysis was not possible because of the heterogeneity of all aspects of study design and outcome definitions. Results Eight studies presented original data. Four reported an association between maternal intravenous fluid intake and neonatal weight loss, and four did not. No two studies collected the same outcome data at the same time, using the same comparator or intervention. Conclusions Further research is required to clarify the relationship between maternal fluid intake and neonatal weight loss in a clinically useful way.
A review of deaths in surgery using the structured judgement case note review process
Authors: Gallegos CRR , Gregg-Smith SJ , Ashworth C , Courtney E 
Published: May 2023

Introduction In December 2016, the Care Quality Commission published a review of how National Health Service trusts investigate patient deaths. Provider organisations and commissioners must work together to review and improve their local approach following the death of people receiving care from their services. Methods The Royal College of Physicians led the National Mortality Case Record Review programme based on the qualitative approach developed by Professor Hutchinson and colleagues at the Yorkshire and Humber Academic Health Science Network. The structured case note review (SCNR) is divided into six phases followed by an overall judgement of the quality of care and of the medical records. We have modified the SCNR to include a section for returns to theatre. The process also includes an assessment of whether any shortcomings in the quality of care contributed to death. Results This paper reports the results of the first 172 SCNRs undertaken in surgery at the Royal United Hospital in Bath. The vast majority (97%) of patients were admitted as emergencies. Overall care was graded as poor in four cases, with problems identified in three cases that were likely to have contributed to death. Two of the recurring themes for learning were failure to escalate a deterioration in the National Early Warning Score and delays in recognising deterioration due to acute surgical problems on medical wards. Conclusions Learning from mistakes is fundamental. The SCNR offers a process to identify both good and poor practice as well as bringing to light previously unrecognised care delivery problems.
Dimethyl itaconate ameliorates the deficits of goal-directed behavior in Toxoplasma gondii infected mice
Authors: Wu Yongshuai , Xu Daxiang , He Yan , Yan Ziyi , Liu Rundong , Liu Zhuanzhuan , He Cheng , Liu Xiaomei , Yu Yinghua , Yang Xiaoying , Pan Wei 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThe neurotrophic parasiteToxoplasma gondii(T.gondii) has been implicated as a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. However, there is only limited information concerning its underlying mechanism and therapeutic strategy. Here, we investigated the effects ofT.gondiichronic infection on the goal-directed cognitive behavior in mice. Moreover, we evaluated the preventive and therapeutic effect of dimethyl itaconate on the behavior deficits induced by the parasite.MethodsThe infection model was established by orally infecting the cysts ofT.gondii. Dimethyl itaconate was intraperitoneally administered before or after the infection. Y-maze and temporal order memory (TOM) tests were used to evaluate the prefrontal cortex-dependent behavior performance. Golgi staining, transmission electron microscopy, indirect immunofluorescence, western blot, and RNA sequencing were utilized to determine the pathological changes in the prefrontal cortex of mice.ResultsWe showed thatT.gondiiinfection impaired the prefrontal cortex-dependent goal-directed behavior. The infection significantly downregulated the expression of the genes associated with synaptic transmission, plasticity, and cognitive behavior in the prefrontal cortex of mice. On the contrary, the infection robustly upregulated the expression of activation makers of microglia and astrocytes. In addition, the metabolic phenotype of the prefrontal cortex post infection was characterized by the enhancement of glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation, the blockage of the Krebs cycle, and the disorder of aconitate decarboxylase 1 (ACOD1)-itaconate axis. Notably, the administration of dimethyl itaconate significantly prevented and treated the cognitive impairment induced byT.gondii, which was evidenced by the improvement of behavioral deficits, synaptic ultrastructure lesion and neuroinflammation.ConclusionThe present study demonstrates thatT.gondiiinfection induces the deficits of the goal-directed behavior, which is associated with neuroinflammation, the impairment of synaptic ultrastructure, and the metabolic shifts in the prefrontal cortex of mice. Moreover, we report that dimethyl itaconate has the potential to prevent and treat the behavior deficits.
Drug prescriptions preceding opioid-related deaths–a register study in forensic autopsy patients
Authors: Walde Jonatan , Andersson Lisa , Johnson Björn , Håkansson Anders 
Published: May 2023

Background/Aim
Opioid overdose deaths have increased in Sweden and other developed countries in recent decades, despite increased treatment efforts and harm-reduction interventions. Further knowledge in this field is needed if this trend is to be reversed. Previous research suggests that mental health and patterns of prescription of opioids and other prescription drugs are associated with increased opioid-related mortality. The present study therefore aimed to investigate what drugs were prescribed during the last six months of life to individuals with a history of illicit substance use who died with opioids present in their blood, the relationship between drugs prescribed and drugs found in blood at time of death, and if prescription of specific drugs was temporally associated with death.

Methods
This was a retrospective, register-based observational study that utilized data from the National Board of Forensic Medicine, the Prescribed Drug Registry, regional health care services, and municipal social services. We used conditional logistic regression to find temporal associations between the prescription and dispensing of drugs and time of death.

Results
Prescription and dispensing of alprazolam and diazepam were temporally associated with death. The most frequently dispensed drugs were zopiclone, pregabalin, methylphenidate, diazepam and oxycodone. Methadone, alprazolam, and buprenorphine were the drugs most often found in the blood. Opioids and tranquilizers in combination were found in a vast majority of deaths, and prescription data suggested that the use of these drugs was illicit in a majority of cases.

Conclusion
Prescription of certain drugs, especially alprazolam and diazepam, should be made with great caution to patients with a history of illicit substance use or concurrent use of opioids.
Suicides in state prisons in the United States: Highlighting gaps in data
Authors: LeMasters Katherine , Behne Michael F. , Lao Jennifer , Peterson Meghan , Brinkley-Rubinstein Lauren 
Published: May 2023

Objectives
Our objectives were to document data availability and reporting on suicide mortality in state prison systems. The United States leads the world in mass incarceration, a structural determinant of health, but lacks real-time reporting of prison health statistics. This absence is particularly notable in suicides, a leading cause of death that carceral policies play a key role in mitigating.

Methods
Suicide data for each state prison system from 2017–2021 were gathered through statistical reports, press releases, and Freedom of Information Act requests. We graded states based on data availability.

Results
Only sixteen states provide updated, frequent, granular, freely provided suicide data. An additional thirteen states provided frequently updated data but that had little granularity, was incomplete, or was not freely provided. Eight states provided sparse, infrequent, or outdated data, and thirteen provided no data at all.

Conclusions
The 2000 Death in Custody Reporting Act requires that states provide these data freely, yet the majority of states do not. There is a need for reliable, real-time data on suicides, suicide attempts, and conditions of confinement to better understand the harms of the carceral system and to advocate for change.
Narratives of most significant change to explore experiences of caregivers in a caregiver-young adolescent sexual and reproductive health communication intervention in rural south-western Uganda
Authors: Akatukwasa Cecilia , Kemigisha Elizabeth , Achen Dorcus , Fernandes Danielle , Namatovu Shakira , Mlahagwa Wendo , Ruzaaza Gad Ndaruhutse , Coene Gily , Rukundo Godfrey Zari , Michielsen Kristien , Nyakato Viola N. 
Published: May 2023

Background
This paper presents findings from a qualitative effectiveness evaluation of an intervention aimed at improving caregiver-young adolescent sexual and reproductive health (SRH) communication including training modules for caregivers on parent-child SRH communication.

Methods
Data was collected (October 2021-November 2021) using a narrative interviewing technique with thirty caregivers (8 males and 22 females), who received the parent-child communication intervention in Mbarara district, south-western Uganda. We explored caregivers’ experiences with the intervention based on four domains of change: caregiver-young adolescent communication on SRH issues, knowledge and attitudes towards adolescent SRH, parenting skills, and personal life and family. Thematic analysis was used to code and analyse the data, with attention to gender differences.

Results
Findings highlight positive parenting as a key attribute of SRH communication, along with a transformation of knowledge and attitudes towards the SRH of young adolescents leading to an overall improvement in SRH communication. However, communication is still limited to comfortable topics.

Conclusion
Our findings indicate improved caregiver–adolescent SRH communication practices following a community intervention. Programming for adolescent health on broader sexuality topics, comfortability and attitude change among caregivers could promote behaviour change on a long term. Future studies may focus on the long term impacts of interventions of this nature and test interventions aimed at addressing comfortability with discussingSRH issues.
Effects of disability on income and income composition
Authors: Pu Christy , Syu Huei-Fen 
Published: May 2023

Background
Income composition is highly associated with individual financial sustainability and income inequality at the macro level. Although studies have investigated the effects of disability on wage income, few studies have investigated the effects of disability on income composition or on various types of income other than wage income.

Methods
We sampled 72,000 households using tax data sourced from the Taiwan Ministry of Finance in 2015. Data for each household member were traced back to 1999. We identified 23,346 individuals with disabilities and matched them with 34,145 individuals without disabilities. Eight income types were identified. A two-way fixed-effect analysis was performed to determine the effects of disability on changes in each income type. Fractional probit models were estimated to determine the effects of disability on the proportion of each income type in total income at different ages.

Results
Wage income constitutes the largest proportion of income in Taiwan. The total income is estimated to increase by 10.4% (P < 0.001) after disability onset. Moreover, most income categories did not experience a decline following the onset of disability. We also noted a significant interaction effect between disability status and age on the proportion of each income type in total income.

Conclusion
The effect of disability on income varied across different sources of income. The income composition observed for the individuals with disabilities changed considerably at various ages. Accordingly, policies should be designed to ensure long-term sustainability of income sources for individuals with disabilities.
County-level variations in linkage to care among people newly diagnosed with HIV in South Carolina: A longitudinal analysis from 2010 to 2018
Authors: Shi Fanghui , Zhang Jiajia , Zeng Chengbo , Sun Xiaowen , Li Zhenlong , Yang Xueying , Weissman Sharon , Olatosi Bankole , Li Xiaoming 
Published: May 2023

Background
Timely linkage to care (LTC) is key in the HIV care continuum, as it enables people newly diagnosed with HIV (PNWH) to benefit from HIV treatment at the earliest stage. Previous studies have found LTC disparities by individual factors, but data are limited beyond the individual level, especially at the county level. This study examined the temporal and geographic variations of county-level LTC status across 46 counties in South Carolina (SC) from 2010 to 2018 and the association of county-level characteristics with LTC status.

Methods
All adults newly diagnosed with HIV from 2010 to 2018 in SC were included in this study. County-level LTC status was defined as 1 = “high LTC (≥ yearly national LTC percentage)” and 0 = “low LTC (< yearly national LTC percentage)”. A generalized estimating equation model with stepwise selection was employed to examine the relationship between 29 county-level characteristics and LTC status.

Results
The number of counties with high LTC in SC decreased from 34 to 21 from 2010 to 2018. In the generalized estimating equation model, six out of 29 factors were significantly associated with LTC status. Counties with a higher percentage of males (OR = 0.07, 95%CI: 0.02~0.29) and persons with at least four years of college (OR = 0.07, 95%CI: 0.02~0.34) were less likely to have high LTC. However, counties with more mental health centers per PNWH (OR = 45.09, 95%CI: 6.81~298.55) were more likely to have high LTC.

Conclusions
Factors associated with demographic characteristics and healthcare resources contributed to the variations of LTC status at the county level. Interventions targeting increasing the accessibility to mental health facilities could help improve LTC.
The outcomes of three different techniques of coronary artery bypass grafting: On-pump arrested heart, on-pump beating heart, and off-pump
Authors: Phothikun Amarit , Nawarawong Weerachai , Tantraworasin Apichat , Phinyo Phichayut , Tepsuwan Thitipong 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveConventional coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or on-pump arrested heart CABG (ONCAB) is a standard and simple technique. However, adverse effects can occur due to the use of aortic cross-clamp and cardiopulmonary bypass. Performing off-pump CABG (OPCAB) aims to avoid these adverse effects but may result in incomplete revascularization. On-pump beating heart CABG (ONBHCAB) combines the benefits of both ONCAB and OPCAB. This study focuses on comparing the short- and long-term outcomes of different CABG techniques.MethodRetrospective observational cohort included 2,028 patients who underwent ONCAB, OPCAB, and ONBHCAB. The short-term outcomes including postoperative ischemic injury, hemodynamic functions, and adverse events were compared. The long-term outcomes were overall survival and the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Propensity score matching ensured comparability among the three patient groups.ResultsAfter matching, there were no differences in baseline characteristics. Regarding ischemic injury, OPCAB showed the lowest peak cardiac enzyme levels (all p≤0.001). There were no statistically significant differences in the change of hemodynamic function (cardiac index) between the three groups (p = 0.158). Ten-year survival for OPCAB, ONBHCAB, and ONCAB were 80.5%, 75.9%, and 73.7%, respectively. OPCAB was associated with a significant reduction in mortality risk and MACE when compared to others (Mortality HR = 0.33, p = 0.001, MACE HR = 0.52, p = 0.004).ConclusionOPCAB implementation resulted in a lower occurrence of postoperative ischemic injury than ONCAB and ONBHCAB. No differences in postoperative hemodynamic function in all three techniques were observed. OPCAB respectively were preferable techniques beneficial for long-term outcomes.
Fat Fashion: The Thin Ideal and the Segregation of Plus-Size Bodies, Paolo Volonté (2022)
Authors: Schiavone Scott William 
Published: May 2023

Review of: Fat Fashion: The Thin Ideal and the Segregation of Plus-Size Bodies, Paolo Volonté (2022)
London: Bloomsbury, 226 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-35012-692-3, p/bk, £23.99
Effect of BD Vacutainer® UltraTouch™ Push Button Blood Collection Set (25G) on Pain Perception and Hemolysis - The First of Its Kind Evaluation in a Reference Laboratory Setup in India
Authors: Nilesh Shah  , Puneet Nigam  , Medha Jadhav  , Glen Menezes  
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND
Laboratory and clinical data suggest that 70% of laboratory errors take place in the preanalytical phase and it is the most neglected part of the laboratory process. Needle phobia and hemolysis are the major problems in the preanalytical process. Complications during venipuncture due to pain-related needle phobia may lead to puncture of artery instead of the vein and in certain cases nerve damage, pain, numbness and thus resulting in unhappy patient experience and anxiety. Hence, the current evaluation focused on pain perception during venipuncture and the incidence of hemolysis.
Objectives
The current study intended to find out that the BD Vacutainer® UltraTouch™ push button blood collection set (25G) a) can improve the experience of blood draw in terms of pain perception, b) had insignificant effect on hemolysis in terms of potassium value, c) had insignificant impact on result variation for lactate dehydrogenase, aspirate aminotransferase, iron, cholesterol, creatinine, RBC (Red Blood Cell), haemoglobin (Hb), and platelet count compared to the current blood collection practice.
METHODS
The study was divided into three phases: Phase 1 – determining pain perception during blood collection with BD Vacutainer® UltraTouch™ push button blood collection set (UTPBBCS), Phase 2 – comparing potassium value between the blood samples taken with UTPBBCS and those using BD Vacutainer® Flashback Needle (FBN), Phase 3 – comparing lactate dehydrogenase, aspirate aminotransferase, iron, cholesterol, creatinine, RBC (Red Blood Cell), haemoglobin (Hb), and platelet count.
RESULTS
This study found that 91.67% of participants responded with nil to negligible pain and there was no evidence of hemolysis and the evaluated parameters (K+ - Potassium, lactate dehydrogenase, aspirate aminotransferase, iron, cholesterol, creatinine, RBC, haemoglobin, platelet count) were found to be consistent.
CONCLUSIONS
Phlebotomists found UTPBBCS to be a reliable device and well-received by the volunteers as it minimized pain. Also, there was no hemolysis due to the 25G needle. Therefore, UTPBBCS (25G) can be considered as less painful blood collection device due to a significantly better blood collection experience without compromising sample quality.
Revisiting Kenny G (Colloquy)
Authors: Carson Charles D. 
Published: May 2023

From fusion jazz, to quiet storm, to neo-soul and lo-fi hip hop, jazz has often been used as a marker of authenticity in contemporary Black popular genres. Given his disproportionate popularity, the class-ing, racialization, and gendering of Kenny G in popular culture has become, in effect, the lens through which we evaluate all forms of crossover jazz. Ultimately, critiques that focus on Kenny G as a means to dismiss such musics are rooted in racialized discourses of authenticity that ignore the long tradition of crossover projects that characterize Black popular musics broadly.