bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
System Action Learning: Reorientating Practice for System Change in Preventive Health
Authors: Riley Therese , Hopkins Liza , Gomez Maria , Davidson Seanna , Jacob Jessica 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIt is now widely accepted that many of the problems we face in public health are complex, from chronic disease to COVID-19. To grapple with such complexity, researchers have turned to both complexity science and systems thinking to better understand the problems and their context. Less work, however, has focused on the nature of complex solutions, or intervention design, when tackling complex problems. This paper explores the nature of system intervention design through case illustrations of system action learning from a large systems level chronic disease prevention study in Australia. The research team worked with community partners in the design and implementation of a process of system action learning designed to reflect on existing initiatives and to reorient practice towards responses informed by system level insights and action. We were able to observe and document changes in the mental models and actions of practitioners and in doing so shine a light on what may be possible once we turn our attention to the nature and practice of system interventions.
Diversity of greenspace design and management impacts pollinator communities in a densely urbanized landscape: the city of Paris, France
Authors: ZANINOTTO Vincent , FAUVIAU Arthur , DAJOZ Isabelle 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe response of insect pollinator communities to increasing urbanization is shaped by landscape and local factors. But what about habitats that are already highly artificial? We investigated the drivers of pollinator diversity in a dense urban matrix, the city of Paris. We monitored insect pollinator communities monthly (March-October) for two consecutive years in 12 green spaces that differed in their management practices, focusing on four insect orders (Hymenoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera). Pollinator abundance and species richness were both positively tied to green space size and flowering plant species richness, but negatively linked to surrounding impervious surfaces. In addition, environmental features at both the local and landscape scales influenced the composition and functional diversity of wild bee communities. Indeed, small and large bees responded differently, with the occurrence of large-bodied species being impaired by the proportion of impervious surfaces but strongly enhanced by plant species richness. Also, sites with a majority of spontaneous plant species had more functionally diverse bee communities, with oligolectic species more likely to be found.These results, consistent with the literature, can guide the design and management practices of urban green spaces to promote pollinator diversity and pollination function, even in dense urban environments.
Analysis of the traffic conflict situation for speed probability distributions
Authors: Öreg Zs. , Shin H.-S. , Tsourdos A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe increasingly widespread application of drones and the emergence of urban air mobility leads to a challenging question in airspace modernisation: how to create a safe and scalable air traffic management system that can handle the expected density of operations. Increasing the number of vehicles in a given airspace volume and enabling routine operations are essential for these services to be economically viable. However, a higher density of operations increases risks, poses a great challenge for coordination and necessitates the development of a novel solution for traffic management. This paper contributes to the research towards such a strategy and the field of airspace management by calculating and analysing the conflict probability in an en-route, free-flight scenario for autonomous vehicles. Analytical methods are used to determine the directional dependence of conflict probabilities for exponential and normal prescribed speed probability distributions. The notions of geometric and speed conflict are introduced and distinguished throughout the calculations of the paper. The effect of truncating the set of available flight speeds is also investigated. The sensitivity of the calculated results to speed and heading perturbations is studied within the analytical framework and verified by numerical simulations. Results enable a fresh approach to conflict detection and resolution through distribution shaping and are intended to be used in an integrated, stochastic coordination framework.
Alzheimer’s Disease and COVID-19 Pathogenic Overlap: Implications for Drug Repurposing
Authors: Golzari-Sorkheh Mahdieh , Liyanage Imindu , Reed Mark A. , Weaver Donald F. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT:As COVID-19 continues, a safe, cost-effective treatment strategy demands continued inquiry. Chronic neuroinflammatory disorders may appear to be of little relevance in this regard; often indolent and progressive disorders characterized by neuroinflammation (such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD)) are fundamentally dissimilar in etiology and symptomology to COVID-19’s rapid infectivity and pathology. However, the two disorders share extensive pathognomonic features, including at membrane, cytoplasmic, and extracellular levels, culminating in analogous immunogenic destruction of their respective organ parenchyma. We hypothesize that these mechanistic similarities may extent to therapeutic targets, namely that it is conceivable an agent against AD’s immunopathy may have efficacy against COVID-19 and vice versa. It is notable that while extensively investigated, no agent has yet demonstrated significant therapeutic efficacy against AD’s cognitive and memory declines. Yet this very failure has driven the development of numerous agents with strong mechanistic potential and clinical characteristics. Having already approved for clinical trials, these agents may be an expedient starting point in the urgent search for an effective COVID-19 therapy. Herein, we review the overlapping Alzheimer’s/ COVID-19 targets and theorize several initial platforms.
What do data portals do? Tracing the politics of online devices for making data public
Authors: Gray Jonathan W.Y. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe past decade has seen the rise of “data portals” as online devices for making data public. They have been accorded a prominent status in political speeches, policy documents, and official communications as sites of innovation, transparency, accountability, and participation. Drawing on research on data portals around the world, data portal software, and associated infrastructures, this paper explores three approaches for studying the social life of data portals as technopolitical devices: (a) interface analysis, (b) software analysis, and (c) metadata analysis. These three approaches contribute to the study of the social lives of data portals as dynamic, heterogeneous, and contested sites of public sector datafication. They are intended to contribute to critically assessing how participation around public sector datafication is invited and organized with portals, as well as to rethinking and recomposing them.
Autophagic mechanisms in longevity intervention: role of natural active compounds
Authors: Taban Akça Kevser , Çınar Ayan İlknur , Çetinkaya Sümeyra , Miser Salihoğlu Ece , Süntar İpek 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe term ‘autophagy’ literally translates to ‘self-eating’ and alterations to autophagy have been identified as one of the several molecular changes that occur with aging in a variety of species. Autophagy and aging, have a complicated and multifaceted relationship that has recently come to light thanks to breakthroughs in our understanding of the various substrates of autophagy on tissue homoeostasis. Several studies have been conducted to reveal the relationship between autophagy and age-related diseases. The present review looks at a few new aspects of autophagy and speculates on how they might be connected to both aging and the onset and progression of disease. Additionally, we go over the most recent preclinical data supporting the use of autophagy modulators as age-related illnesses including cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, and metabolic dysfunction. It is crucial to discover important targets in the autophagy pathway in order to create innovative therapies that effectively target autophagy. Natural products have pharmacological properties that can be therapeutically advantageous for the treatment of several diseases and they also serve as valuable sources of inspiration for the development of possible new small-molecule drugs. Indeed, recent scientific studies have shown that several natural products including alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, and phenolics, have the ability to alter a number of important autophagic signalling pathways and exert therapeutic effects, thus, a wide range of potential targets in various stages of autophagy have been discovered. In this review, we summarised the naturally occurring active compounds that may control the autophagic signalling pathways.
Millijoule ultrafast optical parametric amplification as replacement for high-gain regenerative amplifiers
Authors: Zobus Yannik , Brabetz Christian , Hornung Johannes , Ohland Jonas B. , Reemts Dirk , Zou Ji-Ping , Loeser Markus , Albach Daniel , Schramm Ulrich , Bagnoud Vincent 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We report on the development of an ultrafast optical parametric amplifier front-end for the Petawatt High Energy Laser for heavy Ion eXperiments (PHELIX) and the Petawatt ENergy-Efficient Laser for Optical Plasma Experiments (PEnELOPE) facilities. This front-end delivers broadband and stable amplification up to 1 mJ per pulse while maintaining a high beam quality. Its implementation at PHELIX allowed one to bypass the front-end amplifier, which is known to be a source of pre-pulses. With the bypass, an amplified spontaneous emission contrast of

$4.9\times {10}^{-13}$

and a pre-pulse contrast of

$6.2\times {10}^{-11}$

could be realized. Due to its high stability, high beam quality and its versatile pump amplifier, the system offers an alternative for high-gain regenerative amplifiers in the front-end of various laser systems.
Goats, materials and uncertainty in Nairobi
Authors: Fontein Joost 
Published: March 2023

AbstractKiamaiko in Nairobi hosts one of the largest goat markets in East Africa. The goats come from across Kenya and the region, as do many of the people there, illustrating how regional movements of human and animal bodies are part of Nairobi’s becoming, and making Kiamaiko an extremely diverse part of the city. Through a discussion of the working lives of people involved in Kiamaiko’s goat meat industry, this article explores the material flows and blockages, and processes of containment and transformation, that entangle lives and livelihoods in Kiamaiko with those of the city as a whole. These flows and processes are marked by uncertainties and contingencies that can be both full of potentiality for (re)forging regimes of order, social relations, subjectivities, mobility and livelihood aspirations, and entrench inequalities, social hierarchies and exclusions, as well as undermine the safe containment of material forms essential for liveable lives. Since the mid-2000s, city authorities have repeatedly failed to impose planning and public health-related regulations and relocation on Kiamaiko’s goat industry. These efforts and their repeated failure reflect the emergent but productive excessivities of the material, corporeal and bodily flows that constitute cities, which both demand and yet often defy formal mechanisms of regulation, containment and order.
Tasting ‘kienyeji’: gustatory explorations of city futures in Nakuru, Kenya
Authors: Rahier Nick 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn Nakuru, a secondary city in Kenya, the city’s future is explored multi-sensorially. In this article, I argue that Nakuru residents explore urban futures through the taste of different kinds of foods. I examine how the relational power of taste not only triggers visceral imaginaries of greener and ‘cooler’ futures in which bodies and landscapes grow more ample, lush and healthy but also invokes memories of, and nostalgia for, pasts in which the entanglements of foods were configured differently, often explained as more ‘authentic’ and ‘clean’ (safi). I argue against vision as the most important sense-making tool to look back at lost pasts and to ‘imagine’ healthier urban futures. Instead, I demonstrate how futures in Nakuru are experienced and given shape by engaging in critical gustatory explorations of the real, tangible materialities of different kinds of food that flow through the city.
City of icebergs: materiality, surface and depth in Nairobi’s built environment
Authors: Smith Constance 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article considers the materiality and substance of the built environment in Nairobi in light of concerns about surface, depth and the power of the unseen. Taking Nairobi’s high-rise construction boom and a recent spate of collapsed buildings as its starting point, it examines how longstanding ideas about the hidden and invisible dynamics of African cities do not operate in a realm distinct from the material world, but often stem from it: the stuff from which the city is made generates thought and action. High-rise buildings are sometimes described as ‘icebergs’ (structures where much of what is going on is under the surface) or as ‘fakes’ (buildings that superficially promise something, but that are qualitatively and morally suspect). Exploring Nairobi’s construction industry from sites of building collapse, I show how an emerging vertical materiality in the city’s built environment drives debates about deception, (im)moral economies and popular suspicions of power, complicating discourses about the relationship of surface to underneath. I examine how Nairobi’s frail buildings induce anxieties about the seen and the unseen, illuminating how the materials of verticality are entangled in economies of deception.
Crafting a nation, fishing for power: The Universal Exposition of 1906 and fisheries governance in Late Qing China
Authors: Po Ronald C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe 1906 Universal Exposition hosted in Milan was a defining moment for the late Qing in terms of its fisheries development. The exhibition not only allowed China to portray its strategic focus on its fisheries but also its determination to be seen as a modernized and progressive sea power in Asia. China’s involvement in this world’s fair also paralleled the process of political and economic consolidation of some of the country’s intellectuals at the turn of the nineteenth century. These intellectuals’ accumulated experience, common goals, and international consciousness made it possible to assemble a group of professional experts I refer to as the ‘new fisheries elites’, who were able to construct the image of China as a modern fisheries power, if not a sea power, at various levels. The first part of this article will situate this exposition within the final two decades of the Qing Empire in the context of the political, social, and cultural transformation that was taking place around the world at the time. China’s presence at the world’s fair during this period displayed the adjustments of a changing and dynamic national image in terms of both its national circumstances and its international situation. The second part will then move on to discuss in what ways the Milan exposition was conceived by elites such as Zhang Jian, Luo Cheng, and Guo Fengming as a paradigmatic setting in which to showcase China’s drive toward modernity and becoming a sea power. Although China had participated in several other universal expositions, the Qing court had clearer and more pragmatic objectives in its participation in Milan in 1906. This was to demonstrate its recent progress and to change the common impression of China as an insecure, inexperienced, and incompetent country in terms of its fisheries governance and maritime vision. To produce this image, Zhang Jian and his team undertook a sensible and impressive approach towards presenting to the world China’s maritime awareness and the long historical continuity between this country and the sea. This was a conscious effort to produce an ideal of what a modern, progressive maritime China should look like.
Transjugular patent foramen ovale closure in a young patient with stroke caused by inferior vena cava thrombus: a different method with balloon anchor support to pulmonary vein
Authors: Özdemir Emre , Gürsoy Mustafa Ozan , Nazlı Cem 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPatent foramen ovale closure is recommended for patients who are at risk for recurrent paradoxical embolism and cryptogenic stroke. The standard technique of patent foramen ovale closure is established from the femoral vein. However, alternative methods may be necessary for patent foramen ovale closure as in every interventional procedure. A 45-year-old female patient with an intramural giant uterine myoma had a history of recurrent deep vein thrombosis and stroke. A diffuse thrombus was detected in both iliac veins associated with inferior vena cava compression of the myoma. Also, a patent foramen ovale was revealed on echocardiography as a cause of embolic events. Hysterectomy was initially planned by gynaecology, but due to the possible risk of embolisation of inferior vena cava thrombus and stroke after removal of the compressive mass during hysterectomy, initial patent foramen ovale closure and then hysterectomy was scheduled in the Gynecology-Cardiology-Cardivascular Surgery council. Patent foramen ovale closure was performed via the right jugular vein approach. But because of the tight left atrial ostium of the patent foramen ovale, the catheter could not pass to the left atrium from the right atrium. With an anchor of a 5.0 × 15 mm coronary balloon over a 0.014-inch guidewire to the pulmonary vein, we were able to reach the left atrium. The patent foramen ovale was closed successfully, and the patient underwent a hysterectomy after closure without any embolic event. The patient was asymptomatic at 6 months of control.
State making, political sustainability, and critical crisis: a historical and theoretical perspective from Qing China
Authors: Wang Wensheng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article aims to strengthen the link between history and theory by contributing to the scholarly conversation on “an integrated historical social science.” By examining the case of Qing China, it introduces a historically oriented and theoretically informed research agenda and toolkit for studying state making through the interactive lens of political sustainability and critical crisis. Using two historical upheavals as a prism, this article shows how destructive crises can have the unintended consequence of facilitating empire building and fostering political sustainability. Furthermore, it draws on theoretical insights from political science and sociology to construct a general framework for measuring the sustainability of political development and explaining the complex role of great crisis. This interdisciplinary model not only sheds new lights on the causative role of event, conjuncture, and structure but also enriches existing approaches to comparative historical analysis in general and state making in particular.
Entwicklung und Überprüfung einer Kurzskala zur Messung akademischen Betrugsverhaltens im Selbstbericht
Authors: Janke Stefan , Fritz Tanja , Cruz Hernán González , Rudert Selma C. , Daumiller und Martin 
Published: March 2023

Zusammenfassung: Akademisches Betrugsverhalten ist ein bedeutsames Phänomen, zu dessen Prävalenz und Randbedingungen im Hochschulsektor deutliche Forschungslücken bestehen, insbesondere aufgrund Ermangelung valider und ökonomischer Selbstberichtsmaße. Die vorliegende Kurzskala zur Erfassung akademischen Betrugsverhaltens soll unter Bedingung hoher Testökonomie eine verhaltensbezogene Erfassung von akademischen Betrugsverhalten im Selbstbericht ermöglichen. Die Itemgenese orientierte sich an umfassenden englischsprachigen Verhaltensinventaren. Insgesamt werden mit jeweils einem Item die zentralen Komponenten „Nutzung unerlaubter Hilfsmittel und Hilfestellungen“, „Plagiarismus“ und „Täuschung zur eigenen Vorteilnahme“ erfasst. Analysen zur Testgüte des 3-Item-Maßes in einer Stichprobe von N = 1 994 Studierenden zeigen eine akzeptable interne Konsistenz und ein deutliches Muster konvergenter Validität (Assoziationen mit umfassenderen Verhaltensinventaren und der Persönlichkeitseigenschaft Ehrlichkeit / Bescheidenheit). Konfirmatorische Faktoranalysen verdeutlichen, dass sich die Skala für die latente Modellierung des Konstruktes eignet und sie messinvariant für verschiedene Fachgruppen sowie Geschlechter ist. In der Summe bietet die vorgestellte Kurzskala eine verhaltensbezogene, ökonomische und reliable Messung akademischen Betrugsverhaltens.
A New Radar‐Based Statistical Model to Quantify Mass Eruption Rate of Volcanic Plumes
Authors: Mereu L. , Scollo S. , Garcia A. , Sandri L. , Bonadonna C. , Marzano F. S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAccurate forecasting of volcanic particle (tephra) dispersal and fallout requires a reliable estimation of key Eruption Source Parameters (ESPs) such as the Mass Eruption Rate (QM). QM is usually estimated from the Top Plume Height (HTP) using empirical and analytical models. For the first time, we combine estimates of HTP and QM derived from the same sensor (radar) with mean wind velocity values (vW) for lava‐fountain fed tephra plumes associated with 32 paroxysms of Mt. Etna (Italy) to develop a new statistical model based on a Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach for model parameter estimation. This model is especially designed for application to radar data to quickly infer QM from observed HTP and vW, and estimate the associated uncertainty. It can be easily applied and adjusted to data retrieved by radars worldwide, improving our capacity to quickly estimate QM and related uncertainties required for the tephra dispersal hazard.
Effect of Iron Content on Thermal Conductivity of Ferropericlase: Implications for Planetary Mantle Dynamics
Authors: Zhang Youyue , Yoshino Takashi , Osako Masahiro 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe have simultaneously measured thermal conductivity (λ) and thermal diffusivity (κ) for polycrystalline ferropericlase with different Fe contents (Fp3, Fp5, Fp10, Fp20, Fp30 and Fp50) up to 23 GPa and 1100 K by a pulse heating method. Experiment results reveals that even small amounts of Fe in ferropericlase can strongly reduce the thermal conductivity by several times at low temperature compared with MgO periclase. With increasing Fe in ferropericlase, both their pressure and temperature dependence decrease. λ of Fe‐bearing ferropericlase is not sensitive to temperature compared with silicates and shows a tendency of first increasing and then decreasing with increasing temperature. A universal equation was derived to estimate λ of ferropericlase with arbitrary composition under mantle conditions. The low λ values of Fe‐rich ferropericlase can explain one possible origin of ultralow velocity zones. This study suggests that Fe content in ferropericlase is an important factor controlling the cooling history of terrestrial planets.