bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Biodegradable and Active Bilayer Nanocomposite Obtained from Starch‐Yerba Mate Extract and Starch‐TiO2 Nanoparticles Films for Packaging Applications
Authors: Medina‐Jaramillo Carolina , Quintero‐Borregales Lucía M. , Goyanes Silvia , Bernal Celina , Famá Lucía 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGrowing environmental concerns and consumer demand for safe food lead to the innovation of biodegradable and active packaging materials. In this work, a biodegradable and active bilayer nanocomposite (TPS‐Y/NP) from two cassava starch‐based film layers is developed by casting, for possible use as packaging that can extend food shelf life. One layer is composed of a starch‐yerba mate extract film (TPS‐Y) and the other of a starch‐titanium dioxide nanoparticles nanocomposite (TPS‐NP). The use of the same starch matrix (TPS) in both films achieves a material with excellent interlayer compatibility. The bilayer presents activity against different pathogens and improvements in mechanical resistance and water vapor permeability (WVP) due to the contribution of the nanocomposite layer, and it shows antioxidant activity and greater deformation due to the layer with the natural extract. In addition, all films degrade in vegetable compost almost completely in two weeks. This bilayer film can be promisingly employed as a biodegradable and functional packaging to improve the useful life of food by conferring antioxidant and antibacterial activity.
Study on flexural and shear performance of ultra‐high performance concrete prefabricated pi‐beams
Authors: Sun Bin , Luo Rui , Xiao Rucheng , Huang Jianyong , Song Chaolin , Wang Junyan , Wang Wei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUltra‐high performance concrete (UHPC) prefabricated beams are competitive in accelerated bridge construction. However, their broader application has been hindered by limited large‐scale tests and inaccurate design methods. To fill this gap, the authors conducted an experimental investigation on the shear and flexural performance of UHPC pi‐beams using two full‐scale specimens. One specimen was a precast UHPC beam, while the other was a composite beam with a normal concrete slab on the UHPC beam. The primary focus was on crack propagation, ultimate capacities, and failure modes. To complement the experimental findings, the extended finite element method (XFEM) was developed as a numerical approach. Nevertheless, relying solely on XFEM to understand real structural behavior is prone to misinterpretations. Moreover, the shear and flexural capacities were evaluated using existing codes and compared with the experimental results. The comparisons revealed that the predictions of shear capacities were at least 15% lower than the experimental values, whereas the flexural capacities showed acceptable agreement. To address this, the authors introduced the limit equilibrium method, leading to a more accurate prediction of shear capacity for UHPC beams with a deviation of <2%.
Iodine(III)‐Mediated Migratory gem‐Difluorinations: Synthesis of β Transformable Functionality Substituted gem‐Difluoroalkanes
Authors: Li Qingjiang , Liu Xiao‐Bin , Wang Honggen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGeminal‐difluoroalkanes featuring intriguing steric and electronic properties are of great significance in medicinal chemistry, and great progresses have been achieved for their synthesis. In recent years, iodine(III) reagent‐mediated migratory gem‐difluorination of alkenes has proved to be an efficient and powerful strategy to access to diverse gem‐difluoroalkanes, especially those bearing a readily transformable functionality (TF), which are important for rapid assembly of complex gem‐difluorinated molecules in a modular and diverse manner. In this review, we systematically summarize the recent development of iodine(III)‐mediated migratory gem‐difluorination reactions for the synthesis of gem‐difluoroalkanes bearing a synthetically versatile TF at the β position. The reaction mechanism and the utilities of the products are also discussed. This review is presented and grouped basically according to the types of transformable functionalities within the products.
REG3A promotes proliferation and DDP resistance of ovarian cancer cells by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway
Authors: Jiang Lingling , Liu Yinglei , Liu Manhua , Zheng Yanli , Chen Liping , Shan Feng , Ji Jinlong , Cao Yang , Kai Haili , Kang Xinyi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study explored the effect of Regenerating Islet‐Derived 3‐Alpha (REG3A) on ovarian cancer (OC) progression. REG3A expression was scrutinized in clinical tissues of 97 OC cases by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). REG3A expression in OC cells and cisplatin (DDP) resistance OC cells was regulated by transfection. LY294002 (10 μM, inhibitor of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway) was used to treat OC cells and DDP resistance OC cells. Cell counting kit‐8 and methyl‐thiazolyl‐tetrazolium assays were applied for proliferation and DDP resistance detection. Flow cytometry was utilized for cell cycle and apoptosis analysis. The effect of REG3A on the OC cell in vivo growth was researched by establishing xenograft tumor model via using nude mice using nude mice. The expression of genes in clinical samples, cells and xenograft tumor tissues was investigated by qRT‐PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry. As a result, REG3A was over‐expressed in OC patients and cells, associating with dismal prognosis of patients. REG3A knockdown repressed proliferation, DDP resistance, induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of OC cells, and reduced the expression MDR‐1, Cyclin D1, Cleaved caspase 3 proteins and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway activity in OC cells. LY294002 treatment abrogated the promotion effect of REG3A on OC cell proliferation, apoptosis inhibition and DDP resistance. REG3A knockdown suppressed the in vivo growth of OC cells. Thus, REG3A promoted proliferation and DDP resistance of OC cells by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. REG3A might be a promising target for the clinical treatment of OC.
FOXA2 suppresses gallbladder carcinoma cell migration, invasion, and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition by targeting SERPINB5
Authors: Hong Lingju , Chen Mingyuan , Huang Maotuan , Chen Weihong , Abudukeremu Xiahenazi , She Feifei , Chen Yanling 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundGallbladder cancer (GBC), a highly malignant gastrointestinal tumor, lacks effective therapies. Foxhead box A2 (FOXA2) is a tumor suppressor that is poorly expressed in various human malignancies. This study aimed to ascertain FOXA2 expression in GBC and its relevance to tumor metastasis, and to elucidate its regulatory mechanism with epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) as an entry point, in the hope of providing a potential therapeutic target for GBC.MethodsFOXA2 expression in GBC tissues was first detected using immunohistochemistry (IHC), followed by correlation analysis with clinicopathological characteristics and survival prognosis. Subsequently, the effects of FOXA2 on GBC cell migration and invasion, as well as EMT induction, were evaluated by scratch, Transwell, RT‐PCR, and Western blot assays, together with animal experimentation. Ultimately, mRNA sequencing was carried out to identify the key downstream target genes of FOXA2 in controlling the EMT process in GBC cells, and dual‐luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were used to determine its regulatory mechanism.ResultsFOXA2 was underexpressed in GBC tissues and inversely correlated with tumor node metastasis stage, lymph node metastasis, and poor patient prognosis. FOXA2 exerts suppressive effects on EMT and metastasis of GBC in vivo and in vitro. FOXA2 can impede GBC cell migratory and invasive functions and EMT by positively mediating serine protein kinase inhibitor B5 (SERPINB5) expression.ConclusionFOXA2 directly binds to the SERPINB5 promoter region to stimulate its transcription, thereby modulating the migration and invasion behaviors of GBC cells as well as the EMT process, which might be an effective therapeutic target against GBC.
Field evaluation of novel plant‐derived porcine circovirus type 2 vaccine related to subclinical infection
Authors: Park Kee Hwan , Cho Hyejean , Suh Jeongmin , Oh Taehwan , Park Youngmin , Park Soohong , Sohn Eun‐Ju , Chae Chanhee 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of this field trial was to evaluate the efficacy of a new plant‐based porcine circovirus type 2a (PCV2a) vaccine. This vaccine was a recombinant capsid subunit PCV2a vaccine based on theNicotiana benthamianaexpression system.MethodsThree farms were selected for the study based on their history of subclinical PCV2 infection. A total of 40 18‐day‐old pigs were randomly allocated to either vaccinated or unvaccinated groups (20 pigs per group; 10 = male and 10 = female). Pigs received a 2.0‐mL dose of the plant‐based PCV2a vaccine intramuscularly at 21 days of age in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations, whereas unvaccinated pigs were administered a single dose of phosphate buffered‐saline at the same age.ResultsVaccination had a positive effect on pig growth performance compared to that of unvaccinated pigs on all three of the farms. Vaccination of pigs with a plant‐based PCV2a vaccine induced high levels of neutralizing antibodies titres against PCV2d and PCV2d‐specific interferon‐γ secreting cells which resulted in the reduction of PCV2d viral load and reduced lymphoid lesions severity.ConclusionsThe results of this field trial demonstrated cross‐protection of PCV2d by a plant‐based PCV2a vaccine and a positive effect of pig growth performance with vaccination.
Investigation of the effects of cyclic lateral load characteristics on monopiles in saturated sandy soils using hypoplastic material model
Authors: Sarımurat Sacit 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOffshore wind turbines play a critical role as a renewable energy source and are experiencing continuous growth in usage. Both the design and implementation phases of constructing these structures present difficulties. It is crucial to ensure these structures are built to resist such conditions, assuring their durability, as they are exposed to lateral external influences such as wind and wave loads. This study investigated how monopile foundations behave in saturated sandy soil under cyclic loading. Pore water pressure accumulations in saturated sandy soil, monopile head lateral displacements, and vertical settlements around the monopile are investigated using the hypoplastic material model and two‐phase element with the ANSYS finite element program. Analyses conducted in this study demonstrated that lateral cyclic loads could cause excessive pore water pressure accumulations around the monopile, leading to displacements in the monopile head and soil settlements around it, highlighting the importance of carefully considering loading characteristics during the design process to provide the security and longevity of offshore wind turbines.
A novel parakeet‐selective feeder for control of invasive psittacines
Authors: Anderson C. Jane , Tillman Eric A. , Bukoski William P. , Hess Steven C. , Brennan Leonard A. , Klug Page E. , Kluever Bryan M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOver 40 species of parrots, members of order Psittaciformes, have established nonnative populations globally. Monk parakeets (Myiopsitta monachus) are among the most invasive bird species worldwide. In their introduced range, populations of monk parakeets have caused negative impacts on native species, habitats, economies, and human safety. Lethal population management has been complicated by the intelligence of monk parakeets, as they quickly alter behavior to avoid risks. Further, lethal control programs have been halted due to public controversy, as parakeets are highly charismatic. The contraceptive DiazaCon has been demonstrated to effectively reduce fertility in monk parakeets and other psittacines. In field applications, chemical control agents (e.g., toxicants and contraceptives) must be delivered in a manner that prohibits access by nontarget species. We developed and tested a parakeet‐selective feeder. The feeder allows access by parakeets and limits access by nontarget bird species by lowering a wire exclusion curtain around the feeder, requiring a zygodactyl toe arrangement to access food. We tested the parakeet‐selective feeder in trials with captive and free‐ranging monk parakeets and nontarget species in Florida, USA. Monk parakeets successfully accessed food from the parakeet‐selective feeder throughout the study. The mean number of daily feeder uses by nontarget species decreased from a high of nearly 16 uses per day when the exclusion curtain was not implemented to <1 use per day when implemented. Our findings suggest the parakeet‐selective feeder is a promising tool for delivery of bait treated with chemical control agents to manage monk parakeets and other nonnative parakeet populations, but implementation success will likely vary by target species, location, local faunal diversity, and availability of alternative forage.
Nonsimilar modeling analysis of Carreau–Yasuda mixed convective flow in a porous medium subjected to Soret and Dufour influences
Authors: Cui Jifeng , Ashraf Qurat‐Ul‐Ain , Cheng Wenhao , Farooq Umer , Hussain Muzamil 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis nonsimilar convection study is about the flow of Carreau–Yasuda (CY) nanofluid model above a vertically extendible surface. Convection in a fluid‐filled permeable medium has given due consideration because of its relevance in a variety of applications, including insulation, relocation of water from geothermal reservoirs, storage of nuclear waste, renewable energy, mechanical engineering, and enhanced oil reservoir recovery. By virtue of linear stretching and buoyancy effects, flow in a stationary fluid is induced along a vertical porous surface. In x‐momentum equation, linear buoyancy in the context of temperature and concentration is taken into consideration. Modeling of energy expression is done in the presence of Dufour and Soret influences. Governing differential system describing convection equations is changed into nonlinear partial differential system (PDE) by implementing applicable nonsimilar transformations. By making use of analytical local nonsimilarity (LNS) technique and bvp4c (numerical finite difference‐based algorithm), the transformed dimensionless nonsimilar structure is simulated numerically. At the end, the alteration of important nondimensional numbers is studied on transport quantities such as temperature, concentration and velocity field. The repercussions of relevant parameters on drag coefficient, Nusselt number and Sherwood number have been tabulated. Numerical simulations of nonsimilar model suggests that the velocity profile reduces due to rise in the values of Weissenberg number, porosity and suction parameter. The temperature profile is increased in comparison with the higher estimates, Eckert, and Dufour numbers. Because of larger values of Soret and Prandtl number, an increase in concentration profile is seen. Friction coefficient and Nusselt number increases with respect to higher estimations of porosity parameter, Weissenberg number and Prandtl number respectively, whereas they decrease against Dufour and Eckert variations.
Soliton Cellular Automata for the Affine General Linear Lie Superalgebra
Authors: Ryan Mitchell , Solomon Benjamin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe box–ball system (BBS) is a cellular automaton that is an ultradiscrete analogue of the Korteweg–de Vries equation, a nonlinear PDE used to model water waves. In 2001, Hikami and Inoue generalised the BBS to the general linear Lie superalgebra $$\mathfrak {gl}(m|n)$$

gl
(
m
|
n
)

. We further generalise the Hikami–Inoue BBS to column tableaux using the Kirillov–Reshetikhin crystals for $$\widehat{\mathfrak {gl}}{(m|n)}$$

gl
^

(
m
|
n
)

devised by Kwon and Okado in 2021, where we find similar solitonic behaviour under certain conditions.
The meniscal extrusion index is a reliable indirect sign of different meniscal lesion patterns: a classification based on percentage of meniscal extrusion
Authors: Compagnoni Riccardo , Ferrua Paolo , Minoli Carlo , Fajury Raschid , Ravaglia Rossella , Menon Alessandra , Randelli Pietro Simone 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeThis study's goal is to propose a straightforward classification system based on the MEI (Meniscal Extrusion Index), a measure of meniscal extrusion, that relates to various meniscal lesion patterns and has clinical and biomechanical significance. The study's secondary goal is to determine whether the standard 3 mm meniscal extrusion parameter still has value by correlating the MEI with it.Methods1350 knee MRIs that were performed over the course of 2 years made up the study cohort. Following the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 200 of those patients were qualified to participate in the study. All the measurements examined for this study underwent an interobserver reliability test.ResultsIn the 1350 MRIs that were examined for this study, meniscal extrusion of any grade was present 18.9% of the time. The use of the MEI revealed three groups of patients: those with a MEI < 20%, who are likely para‐physiological; those with a MEY between 20% and 40%, who are in a grey area; and those with a MEY > 40%, who have lesions that are impairing the proper meniscal function. According to the authors' findings, the percentage of meniscal extrusion did not correlate with the finite number (3 mm), making the 3 mm parameter an unreliable evaluation method.ConclusionsThis study is clinically relevant, because it proposes a simple and reproducible classification of meniscal extrusion that may aid in evaluating the severity of an extrusion and help in the diagnosis of lesions that might be difficult to identify on MRI.Level of evidenceLevel IV.
Midterm results of intra‐articular stromal vascular fraction injection for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Çimen Oğuzhan , Irgıt Kaan Süleyman , Bekmezci Taner , Büyüktopçu Ömer , Şahbat Yavuz , Korucu Alperen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intra‐knee stromal vascular fraction (SVF) injection in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis at the midterm (3‐year) follow‐up.MethodsSVF injection was applied to 25 knees of 20 patients. Eighteen patients (90%) were female, and the means ± standard deviations of age was 61.9 ± 7.8 (range, 50–76) years. Patients who received conservative treatment for at least 6 months and had radiographic Kellgren–Lawrence (K–L) grades 2 and 3 varus gonarthrosis were included in the study. SVF was obtained from the umbilical region by liposuction using local anaesthesia. Patients were followed‐up for 36 months. Their visual analogue scale (VAS), Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and Lysholm scores were evaluated before and at 6, 12, 24 and 36 months post‐SVF injection.ResultsA statistically significant improvement (p < 0.05) was observed in VAS, WOMAC and Lysholm scores at the first 2‐year follow‐up compared to baseline. However, no statistically significant difference (n.s.) was observed in VAS, WOMAC and Lysholm scores at the 3‐year follow‐up compared with baseline.ConclusionIntra‐articular SVF injection decreased pain and significantly improved the functional outcomes in the first 2 years in knees with grade 2–3 osteoarthritis; however, these positive effects of the injection disappeared in the 3rd year. Although short‐term successful results of SVF have been reported in the literature, prospective studies are needed for medium‐ and long‐term results.
Speed function effects on properties of Ti-5Al-5Mo-5 V-1Cr-1Fe alloy manufactured by electron beam melting
Authors: Madeja Marcin , Dziedzic Robert 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe speed function (SF) parameter, which is a unique combination of beam speed and beam current, is one of the most important parameters of the electron beam melting (PBF-EB) production process. It allows the same process conditions (size of the melt pool, process temperature, etc.) to be maintained for parts with different geometries and sizes. The aim of this research was to understand the effect of SF on the Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-1Cr-1Fe alloy produced by electron beam melting technology. The results showed that increasing the SF from 86 to 116 resulted in a decrease in the average process temperature, a decrease in the length of the α phase plates, and change in the proportion of α and β phases from 53% (SF 86) to 50% (SF 116) of the β phases. Differences in microstructure (column diameters, thickness, and length of α-phase plates), phase composition, microhardness, porosity at the bottom, and top of the samples were observed on all samples. The mechanical property analysis did not show a significant effect of SF on elongation, but an increase in SF from 86 to 96 resulted in an increase in ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of approximately 7%, whilst an additional increase to 116 resulted in a decrease in UTS of approximately 8.5% compared to SF 96. From the results, it can be seen that the microstructural and mechanical properties of the material strongly depend on the SF. Based on it, SF 86 can be considered as the recommended value for the manufacture of Ti-55511 alloy parts.
Computational prediction of surface-tension flow mechanism of molten filler in a V-shaped groove geometry in the brazing process of a heat exchanger
Authors: Otsuki Hiroshi , Ishimoto Jun , Ogasawara Naoki , Abe Takumi , Nakano Yoshikatsu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWhen the temperature rises during the brazing process, only the brazing material melts because of its low melting point. Several analytical approaches have been used to describe filler flow in channels and the progression of erosion grooves. However, only a few studies have examined filler-flow behavior in microgrooves during brazing. In this study, a computational model was constructed to examine the flow in microgrooves on an extruded material’s surface. The capillary flow of the aluminum brazing material was numerically analyzed to investigate the physical properties and surface behavior. Specifically, the surface-tension flow behavior was analyzed by simulating various cross-sectional shapes of the channel grooves and various contact angles of the filler. The effects of various parameters, such as viscosity and boundary conditions, on the filler flow were also analyzed. When the cross-sectional area of the channel groove increases, the filler-flow velocity increases, and the rate of unsteady fluctuation increases with the increasing filler tip velocity. The driving force of the filler flow in the channel groove is considered to be (1) the surface tension, which is based on the filler free-surface curvature, or (2) the dynamic change in the shape of the meniscus, which can be unsteady and induced by Rayleigh–Taylor instability. As the cross-sectional area of the channel groove increases, the capillary force based on the dynamic change in meniscus shape dominates the unsteady change in filler tip velocity, rather than the surface tension based on the filler free-surface curvature formed in the groove.