bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adapting the pre-trained convolutional neural networks to improve the anomaly detection and classification in mammographic images
Authors: Saber Abeer , Hussien Abdelazim G. , Awad Wael A. , Mahmoud Amena , Allakany Alaa 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMortality from breast cancer (BC) is among the top causes of cancer death in women. BC can be effectively treated when diagnosed early, improving the likelihood that a patient will survive. BC masses and calcification clusters must be identified by mammography in order to prevent disease effects and commence therapy at an early stage. A mammography misinterpretation may result in an unnecessary biopsy of the false-positive results, lowering the patient’s odds of survival. This study intends to improve breast mass detection and identification in order to provide better therapy and reduce mortality risk. A new deep-learning (DL) model based on a combination of transfer-learning (TL) and long short-term memory (LSTM) is proposed in this study to adequately facilitate the automatic detection and diagnosis of the BC suspicious region using the 80–20 method. Since DL designs are modelled to be problem-specific, TL applies the knowledge gained during the solution of one problem to another relevant problem. In the presented model, the learning features from the pre-trained networks such as the squeezeNet and DenseNet are extracted and transferred with the features that have been extracted from the INbreast dataset. To measure the proposed model performance, we selected accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, and area under the ROC curve (AUC) as our metrics of choice. The classification of mammographic data using the suggested model yielded overall accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, and AUC values of 99.236%, 98.8%, 99.1%, 96%, and 0.998, respectively, demonstrating the model’s efficacy in detecting breast tumors.
Anti-atopic dermatitis effect of fish collagen on house dust mite-induced mice and HaCaT keratinocytes
Authors: Kim Hye-Min , Jin Bo-Ram , Lee Jin-Sil , Jo Eun Heui , Park Min Cheol , An Hyo-Jin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCollagen, a major structural protein in mammalian tissues, is effective against skin wounds and osteoarthritis. Although bovine and porcine collagens have mainly been used, several potential risks of mammalian collagen have led to the use of fish collagen (FC) as an alternative. FC and its peptides are used as common cosmeceutical products because of their antihypertensive, anti-bacterial, and antioxidant activities. Despite the effects of FC on wrinkle reduction, UV-protection, and wound healing, the relationship between FC and atopic dermatitis (AD) has not yet been reported. Therefore, we investigated the anti-AD effects of FC against house dust mite (Dermatophagoides farinae, HDM)-induced AD in NC/Nga mice and TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated HaCaT keratinocytes. FC alleviated AD apparent symptoms, such as dermatitis score, transepidermal water loss, epidermal thickness, and mast cell infiltration upon declining pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators, IL-6, IL-5, IL-13, TSLP, and TNF-α. The skin barrier protein, filaggrin, was also recovered by FC administration in vivo and in vitro. Immune response and skin barrier dysfunction are both mitigated by three routes of FC administration: oral, topical, and both routes via the regulation of IκB, MAPKs, and STATs pathways. In summary, FC could be a potential therapeutic agent for AD by regulating immune balance and skin barrier function.
Cystic fibrosis-related mortality in the United States from 1999 to 2020: an observational analysis of time trends and disparities
Authors: Singh Harpreet , Jani Chinmay , Marshall Dominic C. , Franco Rose , Bhatt Padmanabh , Podder Shreya , Shalhoub Joseph , Kurman Jonathan S. , Nanchal Rahul , Uluer Ahmet Z. , Salciccioli Justin D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulators have revolutionized cystic fibrosis (CF) care in the past decade. This study explores the CF-related mortality trends in the US from 1999 to 2020. We extracted CF-related mortality data from the CDC WONDER database. CF age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) were identified by ICD-10 code E84 and were stratified by demographic and geographical variables. Temporal trends were analyzed using Joinpoint modeling. CF-related ASMRs decreased from 1.9 to 1.04 per million population (p = 0.013), with a greater reduction in recent years. This trend was replicated in both sexes. The median age of death increased from 24 to 37 years. CF mortality rates decreased across sex, white race, non-Hispanic ethnicity, census regions, and urbanization status. Incongruent trends were reported in non-white races and Hispanic ethnicity. A lower median age of death was observed in women, non-white races, and Hispanic ethnicity. SARS-CoV-2 infection was the primary cause of death in 1.7% of CF decedents in 2020. The national CF-related mortality rates declined and the median age of death among CF decedents increased significantly indicating better survival in the recent years. The changes were relatively slow during the earlier period of the study, followed by a greater decline lately. We observed patterns of sex, ethnic, racial, and geographical disparities associated with the worsening of the gap between ethnicities, narrowing of the gap between races and rural vs. urban counties, and closing of the gap between sexes over the study period.
Boundedly rational bidding decision for land auctions during the transformation of real estate markets
Authors: Liao Rujin , Zhang Jing , Tan Ruwen , Wu Yilin , Yu Minjiu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractReal estate developers in China exhibit different boundedly rational behaviors when bidding in different land auction formats, resulting in deviation from fully rational bidding, and the transformation of China’s real estate industry has intensified this deviation. To address this problem, this study establishes a reference utility model and a subjective decision probability model under the framework of incomplete information game to characterize developers’ utility distortion and winning probability distortion in open-bid auctions and sealed-bid auctions for land, respectively. The results show that the deviation between bounded rational bidding and fully rational bidding increases as developer competition intensifies. The equilibrium bidding of cost-disadvantaged developers in the boundedly rational model deviates less from the standard model. Moreover, in sealed-bid auctions, the "hiding degree" of cost-advantaged developers is greater, showing size effects, while the bids in open-bid auctions are more complex and affected by market conditions and developers’ risk preferences. Thus, this study characterizes boundedly rational bidding in land auctions and interprets the deviation from fully rational bidding, which can provide a more real basis for land auction mechanism design.
Association between cardiovascular diseases and dementia among various age groups: a population-based cohort study in older adults
Authors: Boivin-Proulx Laurie-Anne , Brouillette Judith , Dorais Marc , Perreault Sylvie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe link between cardiovascular (CV) risk factors or diseases and dementia is documented. There is conflicting evidence whether age moderates the association. We need to study this gap so that research and clinical initiatives target appropriate age groups. A cohort of 320,630 adult patients without dementia was built using Quebec healthcare databases (1998–2010). The CV risk factors were hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia, while diseases included stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), chronic heart failure (HF), and atrial fibrillation (AF). Dementia risk and CV risk factors or diseases were assessed using incidence rate ratios and Cox regression across age groups. The cohort presented by mainly female sex (67.7%) and mean age of 74.1 years. Incident rate of dementia increased with age, ranging from 4.1 to 93.5 per 1000 person-years. Diabetes, stroke, HF and AF were significantly associated with dementia risk, hazard ratios ranged from 1.08 to 3.54. The strength of association decreased in advanced age for diabetes, stroke and HF. The results suggest that prevention of diabetes, stroke, HF and AF are crucial to mitigate dementia risk. The pathophysiology of dementia in younger and older populations seems to differ, with less impact of CV risk factors in advanced age.
Prognostic impacts of participation in prospective surgical clinical trials on surgical outcomes in gastric cancer patients
Authors: Song Jeong Ho , Shin Ho-Jung , Son Sang-Yong , Hur Hoon , Han Sang-Uk 
Published: September 2023

AbstractVarious prospective surgical trials have been conducted on treating patients with gastric cancer. In clinical practice, patients and surgeons may hesitate to participate in prospective surgical trials due to trial-related complications. In this study, we evaluated the effects of participation in prospective surgical trials on surgical outcomes after radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer. This study included 1689 patients who underwent curative gastrectomy for gastric cancer between 2016 and 2020. The propensity score weighting (PSW) method was used to adjust for differences in baseline clinicopathological characteristics between patients who participated and those who did not participate in prospective surgical clinical trials. Perioperative outcomes and overall survival were compared between groups. Of the 1689 patients, 309 (18.3%) participated in surgical clinical trials (SCT group). Before PSW, the SCT group had a similar operation time, intraoperative blood loss, complications, major complications, and hospital stay as the non-SCT group but had superior overall survival. After PSW, overall survival and perioperative outcomes were not significantly different between the groups. The present study suggests that participation in prospective surgical trials was not associated with surgical outcomes. Patients and surgeons may participate in prospective surgical trials without fearing adverse effects on surgical outcomes.
Intelligent planning of controllers for improved resilience in multi-area system involving nuclear power
Authors: Kumar Prince , Kumar Kunal , Kumar Bohre Aashish , Adhikary Nabanita , Lakew Tesfaye Eshet 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIncreased innovation on finding new ways to generate energy from different sources to meet the growing demand of consumers has led to various challenges in controlling the power network when it faces different disruptions. To address these challenges, a new approach has been proposed in this research paper, which combines a controller with a soft computing technique called Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The study considers a power system with four units, where three different energy sources are utilized and distributed across two areas. Each area has two power sources, with one area having a combination of thermal and gas power plants, and the other area consisting of a nuclear power plant and a gas power plant. Transmitting power from the nuclear power plant is particularly complex due to its high sensitivity to disturbances. Therefore, an intelligent and efficient controller is needed to ensure robust control in this type of power network that includes nuclear power. The paper also conducts a thorough analysis of the harmful emissions associated with electricity generation from the different power plants considered. The goal is to reduce the carbon footprint associated with power generation. The proposed work and analysis in the paper are implemented using the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment.
Favipiravir treatment in non-severe COVID-19: promising results from multicenter propensity score-matched study (FAVICOV)
Authors: Siripongboonsitti Taweegrit , Muadchimkaew Marisa , Tawinprai Kriangkrai , Issaranon Ornisa , Meepholkij Wichuda , Arttawejkul Pureepat , Vararungzarit Apiradee , Thavornwattana Kaewklao , Mahanonda Nithi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of favipiravir (FPV) in preventing the development of severe COVID-19 in patients with mild-to-moderate symptoms. The study evaluated 1037 COVID-19 patients treated with FPV or standard treatment between April and September 2021, analyzed by propensity score matching. 149 patients were included in each arm after propensity score matching. The clinical outcomes showed no deterioration of the WHO clinical progression scale in the FPV group compared to the standard treatment group on day 5 (83.2% vs. 69.1%, p < 0.001). The WHO clinical progression scale also showed improvements on day 14 in the FPV group compared to the standard treatment group (66.4% vs. 46.3%, p < 0.001). The rates of oxygen supplementation and hospitalization were significantly lower in the FPV group compared to the standard treatment group (0% vs. 12.1% and 0.7% vs. 17.4%, respectively, p < 0.001 for both). There were no differences in adverse events between the two groups. The study highlights the effectiveness of FPV in preventing severe COVID-19 and hospitalization in patients with mild-to-moderate symptoms. The findings emphasize the importance of personalized treatment plans for COVID-19 patients, starting FPV treatment early, and adjusting dosages based on ethnicity and body weight.
Design of a novel multiepitope vaccine against Chlamydia pneumoniae using the extracellular protein as a target
Authors: Guo Xiaomei , Pan Xiaohong , Sun Qiangming , Hu Yunzhang , Shi Jiandong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractChlamydia pneumoniae (C. pneumoniae) infection in humans is universal and causes various respiratory infectious diseases, making a safe and effective preventive vaccine essential. In this study, a multi-epitope vaccine with CTLA-4 extracellular structure was constructed by an immunoinformatics approach. Since MOMP protein is the major extracellular protein in C. pneumoniae and has good immunogenicity and high conservation, we selected the MOMP protein of C. pneumoniae as the antigen target, predicted the T and B cell epitopes of the MOMP protein and then connected the CTLA-4 extracellular structure with the predicted dominant epitopes by various linkers to construct a multi-epitope vaccine. The biochemical characterization of the multi-epitope vaccine showed its immunogenicity and anti-allergic properties. The tertiary structure of this vaccine, along with molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and principal component analysis, showed that the multi-epitope vaccine structure interacted with B7 (B7-1, B7-2) and toll-like receptors (TLR-2, TLR-4). Ultimately, the vaccine was cloned and effectively expressed in silico on an insect baculovirus expression vector (pFastBac1). These analyses showed that the designed vaccine could potentially target antigen-presenting cells and was immune to C. pneumoniae, which provided novel strategies for developing the vaccine.
Association between pre- and postoperative rotational mismatches of the femorotibial components and bones in bi-cruciate retaining and posterior stabilized total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Tone Shine , Hasegawa Masahiro , Naito Yohei , Wakabayashi Hiroki , Sudo Akihiro 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTo clarify the association between pre- and postoperative rotational mismatches of the femorotibial components and bones for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with bi-cruciate retaining (BCR) design and with fixed bearing posterior stabilized (PS) design. This retrospective cohort study included 40 BCR TKAs and 50 PS TKAs. Pre- and postoperative rotational mismatches of the femorotibial components and bones were measured by three-dimensional assessment based on computed tomography imaging. The mean value and percentage within ± 5° of pre- and postoperative rotational mismatches were compared between BCR TKA and PS TKA. Correlations between pre- and postoperative rotational mismatches of the femorotibial components and bones were investigated in BCR TKA and PS TKA. There was no significant difference in mean preoperative rotational mismatch of femorotibial components and bones between BCR TKA and PS TKA. Mean postoperative rotational mismatch of femorotibial components and bones was significantly greater in BCR TKA than in PS TKA. Postoperative rotational mismatch of the femorotibial components was within ± 5° in 21 knees (52.5%) for BCR TKA and in 43 knees (86.0%) for PS TKA. The rate of postoperative rotational mismatch of the femorotibial components and bones within ± 5° was significantly lower for BCR TKA than for PS TKA. In BCR TKA, there was a positive correlation between pre- and postoperative rotational mismatches of the femorotibial components and of bones. We consider these results can be attributed to the retention of both cruciate ligaments, which may affect the reduction of rotational permittance of the components and bones.
Impact of urban agglomeration construction on urban air quality–empirical test based on PSM–DID model
Authors: Zhang Wanxiong , Cui Ruiyun , Li Changyuan , Ge Hailong , Zhang Zhuoya , Tang Xueqiong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUrban agglomerations have become a new trend in the development of urbanization and regionalization in the world today. The construction of urban agglomerations has brought rapid economic development as well as a series of ecological and environmental problems, especially the impact on urban air quality. How to understand and evaluate the impact of urban agglomeration construction on air quality is a key issue that requires attention. City cluster construction is equivalent to a "quasi-natural experiment". This study empirically examines the impact of urban agglomeration construction on air quality in southwest China by constructing a PSM–DID model. It is found that: (1) City cluster construction has significantly improved urban air quality in urban clusters with lagging and forward-looking effects on air quality. (2) In terms of influencing factors, the level of economic development considerably improves the air quality of urban cluster cities, the industrial structure severely deteriorates the air quality of these cities, and meteorological factors highly affect their air quality. Among them, average annual urban rainfall significantly reduces urban air pollutant concentrations in urban clusters, average annual temperature significantly increases urban air pollutant concentrations, and average annual wind speed can reduce urban air pollutant concentrations. (3) Urban agglomerations are spatially heterogeneous in their impact on air quality. In this context, the topographical conditions and the level of development of urban agglomerations have a non-negligible influence on pollutant concentrations. (4) The distribution pattern of air quality pollutant concentrations in each urban agglomeration is unstable, and there are large differences in these concentrations between different urban agglomerations.
Probing miniband structure and Hofstadter butterfly in gated graphene superlattices via magnetotransport
Authors: Mreńca-Kolasińska Alina , Chen Szu-Chao , Liu Ming-Hao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe presence of periodic modulation in graphene leads to a reconstruction of the band structure and formation of minibands. In an external uniform magnetic field, a fractal energy spectrum called Hofstadter butterfly is formed. Particularly interesting in this regard are superlattices with tunable modulation strength, such as electrostatically induced ones in graphene. We perform quantum transport modeling in gate-induced square two-dimensional superlattice in graphene and investigate the relation to the details of the band structure. At low magnetic field the dynamics of carriers reflects the semi-classical orbits which depend on the mini band structure. We theoretically model transverse magnetic focusing, a ballistic transport technique by means of which we investigate the minibands, their extent and carrier type. We find a good agreement between the focusing spectra and the mini band structures obtained from the continuum model, proving usefulness of this technique. At high magnetic field the calculated four-probe resistance fit the Hofstadter butterfly spectrum obtained for our superlattice. Our quantum transport modeling provides an insight into the mini band structures, and can be applied to other superlattice geometries.
Throughput‐delay tradeoff for opportunistic spectrum access in cognitive radio networks
Authors: Zhang Jing , Liang Chu‐Long , Gao Hong‐Xu , Yan He , Zhu Hong‐Bo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe internet of things accelerates the wireless connections of massive devices to provide all kinds of new services, and thus intensifies the spectrum scarcity and access delay. Cognitive radio (CR) technology brings a solution for the issue. As a typical CR scheme, opportunistic spectrum access (OSA) has been addressed widely in the past decade. However, the tradeoff between two key indexes, the throughput of cognitive radio network (CRN) and the delay of secondary user (SU), is rarely mentioned so far, which ignites the authors’ work in this paper. Taking into account a channel handoff (CH) based multi‐channel OSA scenario, the authors first analyze the opportunistic transmission performance of SU, and model the throughput of CRN as well as the handoff delay of SU. Then, the authors build up a delay‐constraint throughput optimization problem, and thus formulate the throughput‐delay tradeoff for OSA. Finally, the optimal traffic rates of SU for a good throughput‐delay tradeoff are derived according to maximizing the throughput of CRN. Theoretical and simulated results show that to enhance the throughput and to reduce the delay do not conflict always. By well adjusting the traffic rates of SU according to the traffic rates of primary user, the throughput of CRN can be improved while the handoff delay can be kept under a given level.
An accelerated primal‐dual method for semi‐definite programming relaxation of optimal power flow
Authors: Shi Zhan , Wang Xinying , Yan Dong , Chen Sheng , Lin Zhenwei , Xia Jingfan , Deng Qi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe application of a semi‐definite programming (SDP) approach to the Alternating Current Optimal Power Flow problem has attracted significant attention in recent years. However, the SDP relaxation of optimal power flow (OPF) can be computationally intensive and lead to memory issues when dealing with large‐scale power systems. To overcome these challenges, we have developed APD–SDP, an optimisation solver based on a first‐order primal–dual algorithm. This framework incorporates various acceleration techniques, such as rescaling, step size decay and reset, adaptive line search, and restart, to improve efficiency. To further speed up computations, we have developed a customised eigenvalue decomposition component by exploiting the 3 × 3 block structure in the dual SDP formulation. Experimental results demonstrate that APD–SDP outperforms other commercial and open‐source SDP solvers on large‐scale and high‐dimensional PGLib‐OPF datasets.