bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Disparities in Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Military Health System Pediatrics Population
Authors: Chikezie-Darron Ocheze , Sakai Joshua , Tolson Daniel 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThere have been disparities reported in prevalence of autism by gender, race, and socioeconomic status with older ages of diagnosis in non-White and in female children. Possible disparities in the ages of autism diagnosis are not well-established within the Military Health System (MHS) pediatric population, where we hypothesized less disparities given universal Tricare coverage for active-duty military families and theoretically equal access to the military treatment facility (MTF). We conducted retrospective cross-sectional analysis using deidentified database repository records from the MHS. We collected and analyzed demographic data on children covered by Tricare and newly diagnosed with autism within an MTF (N = 31,355) or outside of the MTF (5,579 respectively). Within the MTF, we identified younger ages of autism diagnosis in non-White children less than 18 years old (p < 2.2e−16), without significant differences in ages of diagnosis by race in children less than 6 years of age. There were no statistically significant differences in ages of diagnosis between males and females. Outside the MTF, we identified younger ages of autism diagnosis in males versus females with statistically significant difference in average ages of autism diagnosis between males and females less than the age of 18 years (p = 4.4e-08). This difference was not seen in children less than 6 years of age. Racial data was not available for diagnosis outside the MTF. The age of autism diagnosis in the military pediatric population within the MTF did not reflect historical disparities seen in non-White and in female children.
Comprehensive analysis of dehydrated edible macroalgae: Volatile compounds, chemical profiles, biological activities, and cytotoxicity
Authors: Trigueros Esther , Amaro Filipa , de Pinho Paula Guedes , Oliveira Andreia P. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSeaweeds offer sustainable, low-calorie nutritional options to address global food demand. Their limited use is due to a lack of understanding of their flavor, influenced by volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This study aims to expand knowledge of sensory, bioactive, and chemical properties of edible macroalgae (Chondrus crispus, Gracilaria gracilis, Porphyra dioica, Pyropia haitanensis, Palmaria palmata, and Ulva rigida) analyzing their VOCs, phenolics, proteins, free amino acids, sugars, and bioactivities. Extracts were obtained using 80% ethanol (25ºC, 60 min). HS-SPME/GC–MS analyses identified distinct compounds, such as 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, geranylacetone, trans-linalool oxide, and trimethylpyrazine in P. haitanensis, (Z)-4-heptenal in P. dioica, octanal, isophorone, heptanoic acid, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, and tetramethylpyrazine in P. palmata, 2-methyl-2-pentenal, 1-pentanol, and 1-hexanol in G. gracilis, (E)-2-pentenal, (E,E)-2,4-heptadienal, 5-ethyl-2-furaldehyde, α-terpineol, and α-muurolene in U. rigida. Novel compounds were discovered in P. haitanensis (20), P. palmata (4), C. crispus (10), U. rigida (14), G. gracilis (11), and P. dioica (19). Red algae, especially Porphyra/Pyropia and P. palmata, were rich in phenolics, proteins, and sugars. P. haitanensis showed the strongest antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, while P. dioica demonstrated lipid peroxidation prevention. These results, with the safe profile of all evaluated macroalgae, underscore the potential of seaweeds as innovative nutritional and bioactive food ingredients.
Primary School Children’s Self-Reported Experience of Parental Emotional Maltreatment and Peer Violence: Frequency and Associations with Quality of Life
Authors: Hermenau Katharin , Scharpf Florian , Hecker Tobias 
Published: January 2025

AbstractExposure to child maltreatment is associated with various negative outcomes across the life-span. Even though emotional maltreatment is highly prevalent, it is underrepresented in research. Most studies on emotional maltreatment to date focused only on adults and adolescents in retrospective surveys. However, it is important to include the current experiences of children. Methods: The present study included self- reports of German children aged 8–11 (N = 124) on emotional maltreatment and physical violence by parents as well as peer violence. In addition, quality of life was assessed. Results: Children were able to understand and to respond to items concerning maltreatment and violence. In general, frequency of violence exposure was low. Children mostly reported being shouted at and being insulted, quarrels between parents and emotional neglect. In interactions with peers, emotional violence was reported most often, followed by physical violence. Negative associations between parental emotional maltreatment and quality of life and between peer violence and quality of life were found. Conclusions: To gain more knowledge on current emotional maltreatment, it is crucial to include the perspectives of the children themselves. Our findings underscore the need for more research on emotional maltreatment among children in Germany and beyond.
A Symbolic AI Approach to Medical Training
Authors: Bottrighi Alessio , Grosso Federica , Ghiglione Marco , Maconi Antonio , Nera Stefano , Piovesan Luca , Raina Erica , Roveta Annalisa , Terenziani Paolo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn traditional medical education, learners are mostly trained to diagnose and treat patients through supervised practice. Artificial Intelligence and simulation techniques can complement such an educational practice. In this paper, we present GLARE-Edu, an innovative system in which AI knowledge-based methodologies and simulation are exploited to train learners “how to act” on patients based on the evidence-based best practices provided by clinical practice guidelines. GLARE-Edu is being developed by a multi-disciplinary team involving physicians and AI experts, within the AI-LEAP (LEArning Personalization of AI and with AI) Italian project. GLARE-Edu is domain-independent: it supports the acquisition of clinical guidelines and case studies in a computer format. Based on acquired guidelines (and case studies), it provides a series of educational facilities: (i) navigation, to navigate the structured representation of the guidelines provided by GLARE-Edu, (ii) automated simulation, to show learners how a guideline would suggest to act, step-by-step, on a specific case, and (iii) (self)verification, asking learners how they would treat a case, and comparing step-by-step the learner’s proposal with the suggestions of the proper guideline. In this paper, we describe GLARE-Edu architecture and general features, and we demonstrate our approach through a concrete application to the melanoma guideline and we propose a preliminary evaluation.
Overall survival and progression-free survival in pediatric meningiomas: a systematic review and individual patient-level meta-analysis
Authors: Wach Johannes , Vychopen Martin , Basaran Alim Emre , Tatagiba Marcos , Goldbrunner Roland , Güresir Erdem 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Pediatric meningiomas (PMs) are rare central nervous system tumors, accounting for 1–5% of all meningiomas, and differ from adult meningiomas in clinical, histopathological, and molecular features. Current guidelines primarily focus on adults, leaving a gap in evidence-based management for PMs. This study presents the largest meta-analysis of longitudinal individual patient data (IPD) to date, addressing progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in pediatric patients.

Methods
Data from 20 studies (2011–2023), including 1010 pediatric meningioma cases, were analyzed to assess PFS and OS stratified by WHO grade, NF1/NF2 status, extent of resection (EOR), and adjuvant radiotherapy. Longitudinal survival data were reconstructed from Kaplan–Meier curves using IPD extraction methods.

Results
PMs affect males and females nearly equally (52.1% vs. 47.9%). WHO grade 3 tumors had significantly shorter PFS (72.1 months) compared to grades 1 (209.8 months) and 2 (137.5 months) (p < 0.001). No significant OS difference between WHO grades 1 and 2 PMs were observed. NF1- and NF2-associated tumors showed shorter PFS (59.7 and 138.4 months) than sporadic cases (180.6 months) (p = 0.02). GTR significantly improved PFS (113.8 vs. 40.1 months, p < 0.001) and OS (602.9 vs. 173.8 months, p < 0.001). Radiotherapy enhanced PFS (72.5 vs. 23.8 months, p = 0.009) and OS (140.7 vs. 63.0 months, p = 0.002) in grade 3 tumors but not in WHO grade 2 PMs (p = 0.43).

Conclusions
This largest meta-analysis highlights the critical roles of GTR and adjuvant radiotherapy in improving outcomes for high-grade PMs and underscores the urgent need for pediatric-specific management guidelines based on robust longitudinal data.

Graphical Abstract
Parametric excitation and friction modulation for a forced 2-DOF system
Authors: Sulollari Enxhi , van Dalen Karel N. , Cabboi Alessandro 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA two degree of freedom mass on a moving belt system has been considered to study the effect of friction-induced oscillations, due to nonlinear contact properties and external excitation, on friction modulation. Both tangential and normal excitation are present and the Hertz-Damp model governs the normal contact. The combined presence of the normal-tangential coupling through friction and of the external excitation, results in a parametric excitation and triggers friction-induced oscillations. Using a numerical analysis, the occurrence of such oscillations is explained through the inspection of the friction force versus relative velocity plots, which indicate the presence of a negative damping effect in the tangential direction, despite considering Amontons-Coulomb law. Hence, a linearized stability analysis of the steady sliding state, by taking advantage of the Method of Direct Separation of Motion, is employed to predict the bifurcation point as function of system parameters. It is shown that the linearized stability analysis provides a good qualitative agreement for the occurrence of the friction-induced oscillations for the investigated system, while the quantitative match varies depending on the system parameters and their values. Lastly, the effect of the observed friction-induced oscillations on the friction modulation is studied. Through a numerical analysis, a significant degree of scatteredness in friction force modulation is observed. Such scatteredness is significantly linked to the emergence of friction-induced oscillations, and it also depends on the averaging procedure used to quantify the effective friction reduction.
Decentralized multi-robot formation control in environments with non-convex and dynamic obstacles based on path planning algorithms
Authors: Ruiz-Fernandez Luis E. , Ruiz-Leon Javier , Gomez-Gutierrez David , Murrieta-Cid Rafael 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a new strategy to solve the multi-robot formation problem. Considering a set of holonomic robots, a decentralized algorithm is proposed to guide the robots to achieve a predefined formation while avoiding collisions with non-convex obstacles, dynamic obstacles, and other robots. Local collision avoidance is achieved using a variant of the well-known ORCA (optical reciprocal collision avoidance) algorithm. We modify this algorithm to ensure the continuity of the robots’ controls (velocities). The implementation of an online replanning algorithm, RRT, is essential to guide the robots and prevent them from getting stuck in minima. The resulting method guarantees formation convergence, and several simulations are presented to illustrate its effectiveness.
FoMO and Psychological Distress Mediate the Relationship Between Life Satisfaction, Problematic Smartphone Use, and Problematic Social Media Use
Authors: Soraci Paolo , Demetrovics Zsolt , Bevan Nadia , Pisanti Renato , Servidio Rocco , Di Bernardo Carla , Chini Elisa , Griffiths Mark D. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLow life satisfaction has often been associated with problematic social media use (PSMU), problematic smartphone use (PSU), FoMO and psychological distress. However, no studies have analyzed the relationship between life satisfaction, PSMU, PSU, FoMO, and psychological distress, in an integrated model. The present study hypothesized that life satisfaction may influence PSMU and PSU through the role of FoMO and psychological distress. A cross-sectional survey completed by 537 Italians (82.9% females [n = 445] and 17.1% males [n = 92], mean age = 35.35 years [SD ± 12.14]), included the Satisfaction With Life Scale, Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale, Smartphone Application-Based Addiction Scale, Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale, and Fear of Missing Out Scale. The results indicated direct negative associations between life satisfaction and both PSMU and PSU. Additionally, the findings indicated that both FoMO and psychological distress acted as full mediators in this complex relationship, suggesting that problematic technology use may be driven by emotional vulnerabilities such as fear of social exclusion and heightened levels of psychological distress. The present study contributes to understanding the psychological mechanisms underlying the relationship between life satisfaction, fear of missing out, psychological distress, and problematic technology use, offering insights for potential interventions aimed at reducing the negative impact of technology on well-being.
Inclisiran, Reasons for a Novel Agent in a Crowded Therapeutic Field
Authors: Di Giacomo-Barbagallo Francesco , Andreychuk Natalia , Scicali Roberto , Gonzalez-Lleó Ana , Piro Salvatore , Masana Lluis , Ibarretxe Daiana 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Purpose of the Review
A significant number of patients fail to achieve target LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. This review aims to explore why inclisiran, a novel class of LLT, should be considered a valuable addition to the current treatment options.

Recent Findings
Inclisiran is a small interfering RNA (siRNA) that targets PCSK9 synthesis specifically in the hepatocytes. The drug remains in circulation for less than 48 h, but its effect lasts for over six months. Two subcutaneous injections per year consistently lowers LDL-C by approximately 55% with a favorable safety profile. In combination with other LLTs, it can achieve LDL-C reductions of over 80%, supporting its role in high-intensity LLT strategies.

Summary
Inclisiran represents a novel class of LLT. Administered biannually, reduces baseline LDL-C levels by half. Additionally, it has a strong safety profile. Due to its pharmacokinetic properties, is likely to improve adherence to LLT and persistently maintain low LDL-C levels.
Injury pattern of feet and lower limbs in a feet-first fall from height
Authors: Amadasi Larissa , Amadasi Alberto , Buschmann Claas , Tsokos Michael 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn fatalities caused by falls from height, the analysis of the injury pattern, alongside with circumstantial data, is crucial for understanding the dynamics of the incident. In rare cases, even a differentiation between accidental and intentional events might be possible. The injury pattern of the lower limbs is particularly significant in this context. In the present case - fall from height with primary impact on the feet - fractures of the lower limbs were diagnosed, including comminuted fractures in the middle-distal third of the tibiae and bilateral perforation of both feet and shoes by bone fragments. The longitudinal transmission of high kinetic energy caused by the impact could thus be proven. This specific feature allowed to conduct a complete and accurate assessment of injuries resulting from falls from height.
Stress Appraisal, Stress Mindset, and Perceived Pain During a Cold Pressor Test
Authors: Tse Helen Wing Yuk , Hanssen Marjolein M. , Vancleef Linda M. G. , Peters Madelon L. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Previous studies demonstrated that task-specific stress appraisals as well as the more general belief that stress is (mal)adaptive (i.e., stress mindset) can affect the stress response. Little is known about the influence of stress appraisals and stress mindset on pain perception. The current study investigated whether stress appraisals and/or stress mindset moderates the impact of stress on pain perception.

Method
Sixty participants performed a stress-inducing speech preparation task followed by the cold pressor test (CPT) to induce pain. Threat appraisal of the speech task was measured with a questionnaire. Stress mindset was manipulated with a video clip emphasizing either the debilitating or enhancing nature of stress, after which another administration of the CPT took place.

Results
Participants in the “stress-is-enhancing” condition reported less pain on the second CPT than on the first, while participants in the “stress-is-debilitating” condition demonstrated similar pain levels. There was no effect of threat appraisals of the speech task on pain perception.

Conclusion
These findings provide evidence on the impact of stress mindset on pain perception. Future studies could extend these findings to patients with pain and examine whether mindset interventions can be a useful component in pain management.
Virus Association with Bacteria and Bacterial Cell Components Enhance Virus Infectivity
Authors: Deng Wenjun , Almeida Giselle , Gibson Kristen E. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe transmission and infection of enteric viruses can be influenced by co-existing bacteria within the environment and host. However, the viral binding ligands on bacteria and the underlying interaction mechanisms remain unclear. This study characterized the association of norovirus surrogate Tulane virus (TuV) and murine norovirus (MNV) as well as the human enteric virus Aichi virus (AiV) with six bacteria strains (Pantoea agglomerans, Pantoea ananatis, Bacillus cereus, Enterobacter cloacae, Exiguobacterium sibiricum, Pseudomonas spp.). At room temperature, the viruses bound to all bacteria in strain-dependent rates and remained bound for at least 2 h. The virus association with two gram-positive bacteria B. cereus and E. sibiricum was less efficient than gram-negative bacteria. Next, the bacterial envelope components including lipopolysaccharides (LPS), extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), and peptidoglycan (PG) from selected strains were co-incubated with viruses to evaluate their effect on virus infectivity. All the tested bacteria components significantly increased virus infection to variable degrees as compared to PBS. The LPS of E. coli O111:B4 resulted in the greatest increases of infection by 0.19 log PFU for TuV as determined by plaque assay. Lastly, bacterial whole cell lysate of B. cereus and E. cloacae was examined for their impact on the infectivity of MNV and TuV. The co-incubation with whole cell lysates significantly increased the infectivity of TuV by 0.2 log PFU but not MNV. This study indicated that both the individual bacteria components and whole bacterial cell lysate can enhance virus infectivity, providing key insights for understanding virus–bacteria interaction.
Sarkoidose – neue Leitlinien, neue Therapieansätze
Authors: Lang David 
Published: January 2025

ZusammenfassungDie Sarkoidose ist eine Systemerkrankung mit Bildung von nichtverkäsenden Epitheloidzellgranulomen in verschiedenen Organen. Ihre Ätiologie ist bis dato nicht abschließend geklärt. Sie tritt bevorzugt zwischen dem 30. und 50. Lebensjahr auf, wobei Frauen etwas häufiger und tendenziell im späteren Lebensalter betroffen sind. Die sichere Diagnose der Sarkoidose erfordert neben einer (Schnitt‑)Bildgebung den histologischen Nachweis der granulomatösen Entzündung bei gleichzeitigem Ausschluss anderer möglicher Differenzialdiagnosen. Therapeutisch kommen als Stufentherapie Glukokortikosteroide, krankheitsmodifizierende Basistherapeutika aus der Rheumatologie sowie verschiedene Biologika zur Anwendung. In den letzten Jahren wurden die Forschung zur Sarkoidose intensiviert sowie Leitlinien zur Diagnostik und Therapie aktualisiert. Die wesentlichen Inhalte dieser Aktualisierungen und eines Positionspapiers zur Diagnostik und Therapie der Sarkoidose unter Berücksichtigung der Patientenperspektive der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Pneumologie (ÖGP) und der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Rheumatologie und Rehabilitation (Positionspapier der ÖGR und ÖGP zur Diagnose und Therapie der Sarkoidose 2024: https://www.springermedizin.at/positionspapier-der-oegr-und-oegp-zur-diagnose-und-therapie-der-/50090498, ÖGR) werden hier übersichtlich dargestellt.
Design and Development of IoT Smart Drip Irrigation and Fertigation Prototype for Small and Medium Scale Farmers. Acase Study of Tomato Farmers in Tanzania
Authors: Ngoma Daniel H. , Nkongo Dickson , Abdul-Rahman Humoud M. , Muna Baraka H. , Buberwa Aneth P. , Ngaiza Edison , Rhee Herb 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn Tanzania, almost 30% of the farm land are practicing traditional irrigation farming while around 60% rely on the seasonal rains which are only once every year. This resulted to inefficiency agriculture practices due to the absence of real-time weather data that in cooperates plants characteristics on seasonal growth for better yield. Studies have shown that, only about 10% of the crop caltivated land in Tanzania are farming using modern irrigation practices which include drip and smart irrigation systems. To address these challenges for the purpose of improving crop yield, there is a need to research, design and develop an integrated farming system that will monitor crop environmental conditions and nutritional requirements for the purpose of improving harvest and reduce food shortages. Based on this gap, the current research is aiming to design and develop a smart drip irrigation and fertigation system, using Internet of Things (IoT) technology. Due to the availability of many crops in Tanzania, this study will specifically focusing on tomato farming because they are commonly used as food crop as well cash crops in many parts of Tanzania. This innovative idea integrates sensors and real-time data analysis capabilities to enhance precision in water conservation and nutrient management. Studies have shown that tomato crops thrive best in the temperature range between 20 and 30 ℃ with humidity content above 60% and soil pH value between 6.2 and 6.8. This suitable weather condition for tomato growth is available in many parts of the Tropical countries like Tanzania. The implementation of this research project is based on design and develop a prototype for smart drip irrigation and fertigation system to be used for small and medium farmers in Tanzania. The culmination of these efforts aims to modernize Tanzanian agriculture by improving the efficiency and sustainability of farming practices. The project underscores the significance of precision agriculture techniques in optimizing crop yield and resource utilization. It emphasizes the potential of IoT—driven solutions in addressing longstanding agricultural challenges. The developed of a smart irrigation and fertigation system not only offers a promising avenue for enhancing agricultural productivity but also contributes to environmental conservation efforts through more efficient resource management.