bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A note on promising early coloring apple bud sports identified from commercial exotic apple germplasm
Authors: Singh Dinesh , Chauhan Neena , Chauhan Akriti 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Somatic mutations (bud sports) add to the genetic variability in many crop species through outcrossing, sexual recombination, polyploidy etc. and consequently alters the overall reproductive growth characteristics, out of which most frequently expressed one is the fruit colour sport. The commercial significance of red colour in apples has generated an increasing interest in the enhanced colour found in apple sports. Many sports of ‘Red delicious’ and 'Gala' have been spoted and of these a number are believed to have enhanced red colour. Keeping in view, present investigations were undertaken to find early coloring bud mutations in different apple growing pockets of Shimla district of Himachal Pradesh, India. The research led to the identification of two early colouring bud sports i.e “Kanwar Red” originating from cv. Red Delicious and “Vance Early” originating from cv. Vance Delicious. “Kanwar Red” was found to be early in colouring with marked presence of lenticels scattered on the blushed fruit as compared to the striped fruits of mother variety. In “Vance Early” earliness and high intensity of colouring with the further exception of darker final colour in comparison to the mother variety was found. Apart from these, the bud mutants also differs in several physical and biochemical fruit characters. The commercialization of such bud sports will lead to a reduction in the use of coloring chemicals for fetching early market apart from creating a valuable gene pool which can be used in future breeding programme to develop early colouring strains in apple.
Fast Forward: Influencing the future in virtual reality increases real-life pro-environmental behaviour
Authors: Plechatá Adéla , Hielkema Marijke , Merkl Lisa-Marie , Makransky Guido , Frøst Michael Bom 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
To reach necessary greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions targets, behavioural change is necessary at the consumer level. Nevertheless, behavioural interventions have only a limited impact on habitual behaviours such as beef consumption, which significantly contributes to the GHGs released. Immersive virtual reality (VR) in the metaverse can transform the current information-based environmental communication into more experience-based communication. To study how such a shift might change the environmental communication effectiveness, we randomly assigned N = 168 participants to a VR experience (experiencing and influencing future climate change scenarios based on food choices) or a VR information condition (receiving the same information from a virtual human). After the VR intervention, participants chose in real life between three meal options: beef Bolognese, 50% reduced Bolognese, and vegetarian Bolognese. To test the effectiveness of nudging in form of labelling on promoting plant-based diets, we randomly labelled the vegetarian dish with explicit or indulgent labels. The preference for a vegetarian meal did not differ across the labelling conditions. The VR experience led to higher intentions to reduce meat consumption and more pro-environmental behaviour in VR and real life as compared to the information condition. Mediation analyses confirm that experiential VR environmental communication can increase people’s efficacy beliefs, which increase their intentions and, consequently, lead to a reduction in beef consumption. Implications for future environmental communication are outlined.
FGF18 alleviates hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury via the USP16-mediated KEAP1/Nrf2 signaling pathway
Authors: Cong Weitao , Tong Gaozan , Chen Yiming , Chen Xixi , fan junfu , Zhu Kunxuan , hu Zijing , Li Santie , zhu junjie , feng jianjun , wu zhaohang , hu zhenyu , zhou bin , jin litai , shen jingling , Li Xiaokun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common complication that occurs during hepatic resection and liver transplantation. However, the mechanisms underlying hepatic IRI have not been fully elucidated. Here, we aimed to explore the role of fibroblast growth factor 18 (FGF18) in hepatic IRI and the underlying mechanisms. In this work, we found that FGF18 was upregulated in the livers of human and mice subjected to IRI. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) secreted FGF18 and protected against IRI-induced hepatocytes apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress. Liver-specific FGF18 overexpression effectively alleviated I/R-induced liver injury, while aggravated in mice with HSCs-specific FGF18 deletion. Mechanistically, FGF18 treatment reduced the mRNA and protein levels of ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 16 (USP16), leading to increased ubiquitination levels of Kelch Like ECH Associated Protein 1 (KEAP1) and the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). In addition, USP16 interacted and deubiquitinated KEAP1 via K48-linked ubiquitination. More importantly, FGF18-induced Nrf2 directly bound to the promoter of USP16 and thus formed a negative feedback loop with USP16. Collectively, our results show that FGF18 alleviates hepatic IRI mainly by elevating the ubiquitination level of KEAP1 via downregulation of USP16 and thereby activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway, suggesting that FGF18 may represent a promising therapeutic approach for hepatic IRI.
Automated Malware Analysis in Internet of Things based Systems: A Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Khapre Sapna , R Ganeshan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Numerous potentials are presented by the Internet of Things, but there are a number of drawbacks as well. IoT devices have recently been more frequently the subject of malware assaults. Deep Learning is a popular technique that is used to identify and classify viruses. Researchers are working to strengthen the security of gadgets that are connected to the Internet in this respect. This approach used the behaviour of malware during run-time in the context of system calls to identify it. The real-time IoT malware samples were given by IOTPOT, a honeypot that replicates a variety of IoT device CPU architectures. From the malicious system calls that are generated, a deep learning algorithm extracts the necessary characteristics. To better understand malware activity, RGB photos were transformed and behavioural data was used to depict the samples. The retrieved system calls were divided into two groups—normal and malicious sequences—using VGG-19 (Visual Geometry Group – 19). The two classes were then assigned to each of the 15 subclasses of malware. The model is made lightweight and computationally efficient utilising a two-step feature extraction method that uses complete vector features for classification and lightweight dynamic features for weighting. The efficiency of deep learning is assessed using a range of performance criteria. In comparison to previously developed approaches, we were able to achieve an average classification accuracy of 97.75%, an increase of 3.7%.
Psychometric properties of the Hungarian Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Short Form and its validity in patients with adult Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder or Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: Kenézlői Eszter , Csernela Eszter , Nemoda Zsófia , Lakatos Krisztina , Czéh Boldizsár , Unoka Zsolt , Simon Mária , Réthelyi János 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
A convincing body of research has identified childhood traumatization as an important etiological factor for psychiatric disorders, including adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (aADHD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD). The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Hungarian version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Short Form (H-CTQ-SF) and to investigate the differences between patients diagnosed with aADHD and BPD in terms of early traumatization.
Methods
Altogether 765 (mean age = 32.8 years, 67.7% women) patients and control subjects were enrolled from different areas of Hungary. Principal component analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were carried out to explore the factor structure of H-CTQ-SF, and test the validity of the five-factor structure. Discriminative validity was assessed by comparing clinical and non-clinical samples. Subsequently, aADHD and BPD subgroups were compared with healthy controls to test for alterations in aADHD not attributable to comorbid BPD, by excluding comorbid cases. Convergent validity was explored by measuring correlations with subscales of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5).
Results
The five scales of the H-CTQ-SF demonstrated adequate internal consistency and reliability values. The five-factor model fit the 27-item Hungarian version well, after the removal of one item from the physical neglect scale because of its cross loading onto the emotional neglect subscale. The H-CTQ-SF effectively differentiated between the clinical and non-clinical samples. The BPD group showed significant differences in each CTQ domain compared to the healthy control group, while there were no such differences in the aADHD group. All CTQ domains, except for physical abuse, demonstrated medium to high correlations with PID-5 emotional lability, anxiousness, separation insecurity, withdrawal, intimacy avoidance, anhedonia, depressivity, suspiciousness, hostility subscales.
Conclusions
This study provides data about the psychometric properties of the H-CTQ-SF, an easy-to-administer, non-invasive, ethically sound questionnaire. In aADHD patients without comorbid BPD, low levels of traumatization in every CTQ domain are demonstrated comparable to healthy control individuals. Thus, elevated level of traumatization found in former studies of aADHD might be a consequence of comorbid BPD. Our findings also support the role of emotional neglect, emotional abuse and sexual abuse in the development of BPD.
Temperature Dependence of Electrical Conductivity and Variable Hopping Range Mechanism on Graphene Oxide Films
Authors: Sánchez-Trujillo D. J. , Osorio-Maldonado L. V. , Prías-Barragán J. J. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Rapid development of optoelectronic applications for optical-to-electrical conversion has increased the interest in graphene oxide (GO) material. Here, graphene oxide films (GOF) were used as source material in an infrared photodetector configuration and temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity was studied. GOF were prepared by double-thermal decomposition (DTD) method at 973 K, as fixed carbonization temperature (TCA), in a pyrolysis system, under a controlled nitrogen atmosphere, over quartz substrates. Graphene oxide films were mechanically supported in a photodetector configuration on bakelite substrates and electrically contacted with copper wires and high-purity silver paint. Vibrational characteristics were studied employing Raman spectroscopy and it was determined the typical graphene oxide bands. GOF were used to discuss the effect of temperature on the film’s electrical conductivity. Current-voltage (IV) curves were taken for several temperatures varying from 20 to 300 K and the electrical resistance values were obtained from 142.86 to 2.14 kΩ. The GOF electrical conductivity and bandgap energy (Eg) were calculated and it was found that when increasing temperature, the electrical conductivity increased from 30.33 to 2023.97 S/m, similar to a semiconductor material, and Eg shows a nonlinear change from 0.33 to 0.12 eV, with the increasing temperature. Conduction mechanism was described mainly by 3D-variable range hopping. Aditionally, measurements of voltage and electrical resistance, as a function of wavelength were considered, for a spectral range between 1300 nm and 3000 nm. It was evidenced that as the wavelength becomes longer, a greater number of free electrons are generated, which contribute to the electrical current. The EQE was determined for this proposed photodetector prototype, obtaining a value of 40%, similar to those reported for commercial semiconductor photodetectors. This study provides a groundwork for further development of graphene oxide films with high conductivity in large-scale preparation.
Intentional gestational weight loss among women with obesity and fetal growth: a population-based retrospective cohort study
Authors: Guo Yanfang , Souza Sara , Bruce Liam , Luo Rong , El-Chaâr Darine , Gaudet Laura , Muldoon Katherine , Hawken Steven , Dunn Sandra , Harvey Alysha , Walker Mark , Wen Shi Wu , Corsi Daniel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective
The impact of intentional gestational weight loss (GWL) on fetal growth among women with obesity remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the association between women with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2 who experienced intentional weight loss during pregnancy and the risk of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) and large-for-gestational-age (LGA) neonates.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective, population-based cohort study of low-risk women with pre-pregnancy obesity resulted in a singleton live birth between 2012–2017, using birth registry data from the Canadian province of Ontario. GWL is defined as negative gestational weight change (≤ 0 kg). Pregnant women with conditions that could cause unintentional weight loss were excluded. Adjusted risk ratio (aRR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the association between intentional GWL and fetal growth were estimated using generalized estimating equation models with multiple imputation for missing covariates. Stratified analysis was conducted by obesity class (I:30-34.9 kg/m2, II:35-39.9 kg/m2 and III+:≥40 kg/m2).
Results
Among 52,184 eligible women who entered pregnancy with a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, 5.3% had intentional GWL. Overall, intentional GWL was associated with an increased risk of SGA neonates (aRR:1.50, 95%CI:1.36–1.63) and decreased risk of LGA neonates (aRR:0.80, 95%CI:0.68–0.92), compared to adequate gestational weight gain. Intentional GWL in women who entered pregnancy with obesity was associated with increased risk of SGA neonates regardless of obesity class; however, decreased risk of LGA neonates was associated with intentional GWL only in women with obesity class II or higher category of obesity. Sensitivity analysis with complete case data revealed similar results.
Conclusion
Intentional GWL in women with obesity was associated with an increased risk of SGA neonates in all obesity classes but was associated with a reduced risk of LGA neonates in women with class II or higher obesity. Recommendations of GWL for women with obesity should be interpreted with caution.
Neurophenotypes of COVID-19: risk factors and recovery trajectories
Authors: Prabhakaran Divya , Day Gregory , Munipalli Bala , Rush Beth , Pudalov Lauren , Niazi Shehzad , Brennan Emily , Powers Harry , Durvasula Ravi , Athreya Arjun , Blackmon Karen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is associated with risk of persistent neurocognitive and neuropsychiatric complications, termed “long COVID”. It is unclear whether the neuropsychological manifestations of COVID-19 present as a uniform syndrome or as distinct neurophenotypes with differing risk factors and recovery trajectories. We examined post-acute outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection in 205 patients recruited from inpatient and outpatient populations, using an unsupervised machine learning cluster analysis, with objective and subjective neuropsychological measures as input features. This resulted in three distinct post-COVID clusters. In the largest cluster (69%), cognitive functions were within normal limits (“normal cognition” neurophenotype), although mild subjective attention and memory complaints were reported. Cognitive impairment was present in the remaining 31% of the sample but clustered into two differentially impaired groups. In 16% of participants, memory deficits, slowed processed speed, and fatigue were predominant. Risk factors for membership in the “memory-speed impaired” neurophenotype included anosmia and more severe COVID-19 infection. In the remaining 15% of participants, executive dysfunction was predominant. Risk factors for membership in this milder “dysexecutive” neurophenotype included disease-nonspecific factors such as neighborhood deprivation and obesity. Recovery trajectories at 6-month follow-up differed across neurophenotypes, with the normal cognition group showing stability, the dysexecutive group showing improvement, and the memory-speed impaired group showing persistent processing speed deficits and fatigue, as well as worse functional outcomes. These results indicate that there are multiple post-acute neurophenotypes of long COVID, with different etiological pathways and recovery trajectories. This information may inform phenotype-specific approaches to treatment.
Automated synthesis and quality control of [68Ga]Ga-PentixaFor using the Gaia/Luna Elysia-Raytest module for CXCR4 PET imaging
Authors: DANIEL Thomas , RAVINET Clara BALOUZET , CLERC Jérôme , BATISTA Rui , MOURAEFF Yvan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
[68Ga]Ga-PentixaFor is a promising radiotracer for positron emission tomography imaging of several human tumors overexpressing the chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR4). CXCR4 overexpression has been demonstrated in patients with hematologic malignancies, solid cancers, as well as cardiovascular pathologies of inflammatory origins. However, its radio synthesis is not yet fully developed in France, and existing methods do not use our type of synthesis module. Therefore, we aimed at developing a [68Ga]Ga-PentixaFor synthesis with Gaia/Luna Elysia-Raytest module to use it in clinical purpose.
Results
12 syntheses were carried out by varying the temperature conditions and radiolabeling times, and led to choose specific labelling conditions with the Gaia/Luna Elysia-Raytest module: 97°Celsius, 4 minutes. The mean 3 Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)-conditions synthesis time was 24 min 27 s (+/- 8 s), and the mean radiolabeling efficiency was 86.96% (Standard deviation (SD) 6.67%). Different quality control parameters were also evaluated in accordance with European Pharmacopeia: radiochemical and radionuclidic purity, pH, sterility, stability and endotoxins levels. The average radiochemical purity was 99.09% (SD 0.25%) assessed by Instant Thin Layer Chromatography and 99.82% (SD 0.092%) assessed by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography. Average 68-germanium breakthrough was 0.0000148%, under the recommended level of 0.001%. We assessed the stability of the radiotracer up to 4 hours at room temperature (no augmentation of the [68Ga] chloride in the final product, i.e. radiochemical purity (RCP) > 98.5%). The endotoxins levels were < 5.00 EU/mL, and the pH was 6.5 (same for the three syntheses).
Conclusion
The [68Ga]Ga-PentixaFor synthesis process developed on the Gaia/Luna Elysia-Raytest module has fulfilled all acceptance criteria for injectable radiopharmaceutical products regarding the European Pharmacopeia. The radiochemical purity, stability, efficacy, as well as the microbiological quality of the three GMP batches were found to be good. The robustness of the synthesis process may be suitable for multi-dose application in clinical settings.
Gut microbiome determines therapeutic effects of OCA on NALFD by modulating bile acid metabolism
Authors: Zhang Zhi-Gang , Liu Jianjun , Sun Jiayi , Yu Jiangkun , Chen Hang , Zhang Dan , Zhang Tao , MA Yi-Cheng , Zou Cheng-Gang , Ma Lan-Qin , Yu Xue 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease with no approved pharmacological agents yet. Obeticholic acid (OCA), a novel bile acid derivative, has been demonstrated to ameliorate NAFLD-related manifestations. Regarding the role of gut-liver axis in liver disease development, this study aimed to explore the potential role of gut microbiota in the treatment of OCA to NALFD mice induced by the high-fat diet (HFD). Antibiotic-induced microbiome depletion (AIMD) confirmed the critical role of gut microbiota in OCA treatment to NALFD which could effectively alleviate histopathological traits and damaged liver function induced by HFD. Metagenomic analysis indicated that OCA intervention in HFD mice remarkably increased the abundance of Akkermansia miciniphila, Bacteroides massiliensis, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Bifidobacterium spp. Targeted metabolomics analysis indicated that OCA could modulate host bile acids pool by reducing the levels of hydrophobic cholic acid (CA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), and increasing levels of hydrophilic conjugated bile acids, such as taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA) and tauroursodesoxycholic acid (TUDCA) in the serum of HFD-fed mice. Strong correlations were found between differentially abundant microbes and the shifted bile acids. Furthermore, bacteria enriched in OCA intervention exhibited much greater potential in encoding 7alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (7α-HSDs) producing secondary bile acids rather than bile salt hydrolases (BSHs) responsible for primary bile acids synthesis. In conclusion, the current study demonstrated that OCA intervention altered gut microbiota composition, thus enriching special gut microbes modulating dynamic homeostasis of bile acids which ultimately influenced therapeutic effects on NAFLD.
Unravelling the effect of winter holiday celebrations on SARS-CoV-2 transmission
Authors: Geenen Caspar , Thibaut Jonathan , Laenen Lies , Raymenants Joren , Cuypers Lize , Maes Piet , Dellicour Simon , André Emmanuel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Public holidays have been associated with SARS-CoV-2 incidence surges, although a firm causal link remains to be established. This association is sometimes attributed to events where transmissions occur at a disproportionately high rate, known as superspreading events. Here, we describe a sudden surge in new cases with the Omicron BA.1 strain amongst higher education students in Belgium. Contact tracers classed most of these cases as likely or possibly infected on New Year's Eve, indicating a direct trigger by New Year celebrations. Using a combination of contact tracing and phylogenetic data, we show the limited role of superspreading events in this surge. Finally, the numerous simultaneous transmissions allowed a unique opportunity to determine the distribution of incubation periods of the Omicron strain. Overall, our results indicate that, even under social restrictions, a surge in transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 can occur when holiday celebrations result in small social gatherings attended simultaneously and communitywide.