bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Parameters for HVOF Spraying of Fine WC-NiCr Powders
Authors: Singh Surinder , Osi Alexander , Wade Scott , Berndt Christopher C. , Ming Ang Andrew Siao , Howse Hugo , Schlӓfer Thomas 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Thermal spray WC-NiCr coatings generally requires grinding processing to meet the surface finish requirements. The cost associated with grinding can potentially be reduced through the deposition of finer (– 30 + 5 μm) feedstock rather than the more conventional commercial (– 45 + 15 or – 53 + 20 μm) feedstock. Additionally, such a fine powder is likely to require lower energy spray parameters, resulting in less heat input to the substrate, which could be beneficial in application on heat sensitive substrates. However, the spray parameters need to be optimised to mitigate increased degradation of coatings due to unacceptable brittleness caused by decarburisation and oxidation, and to produce defect-free dense coatings. In the present work, a theoretical model to optimise spray parameters was developed, which suggested an oxygen-to-fuel ratio slightly more than 3.3 and a shorter barrel to avoid decarburisation in coatings. In total four parameter sets suggested by the theoretical model were selected to spray the fine-cut powder using a 100 mm long barrel. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, microhardness, and 3Dprofilometer were used to analyse the produced coatings. The coatings deposited using optimised parameters exhibited the best performance in terms of low porosity, inter-splat cracks, brittleness, and roughness. Coating deposited at lower kerosine and oxygen flow rates, with reduced stand-off distance, was denser, crack-free, and ductile. Hence, the fine-cut powder can be used to produce a finer as-sprayed finish, thereby demonstrating the potential in reducing grinding efforts. Additionally, successful deposition of coatings using low energy parameters, making this an attractive option for thermally sensitive substrates.
Antipathogenic Coatings for Antibiotics Reduction in Broiler Farming
Authors: Breitrück Anne , Kreikemeyer Bernd , Henkel K.-M. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In the current work, typical thermal-sprayed copper-based alloys are investigated to reduce the spread of pathogenic germs in broiler farming. Compressed air and nitrogen are used as process gas, while the coating torches and the alloys were varied. The results demonstrate a significant reduction in pathogenic load due to the coatings. This accounts especially for the bacterial strain E.ceocurm, which is the predominant bacteria in broiler farming. Further investigations regarded the microstructure and the electrical conductivity of the coatings.
Repair of Damaged Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites with Cold Spray
Authors: Anni Ibnaj Anamika , Kaminskyj Madison S. , Uddin Kazi Zahir , Haas Francis M. , Koohbor Behrad , Kaminskyj Madison S. , Stanzione III Joseph F. , Haas Francis M. , Koohbor Behrad , Stanzione III Joseph F. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The promising structural properties of fiber-reinforced polymer composites make them widely popular in the energy, automotive, defense, and aerospace industries. One of the most challenging limitations associated with the use of composites in the above applications is the maintenance and repair protocols. In this study, a novel cold spray approach is introduced as an efficient alternative for the structural repair of fiber composites. Damages in the form of circular tapered holes are created in glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite substrates using a conventional drilling process. The in-lab created damages are repaired by cold spray with thermoplastic (nylon 6) and thermoset (polyester epoxy resin, PER) materials. The fundamental adhesion mechanisms are investigated through microstructural observations, which point to adiabatic shear instability due to the occurrence of severe plastic deformation as a governing factor. Microstructural examinations also suggest that no significant fiber damage or surface degradation occurs after the repair by cold spray. Mechanical tests performed on neat, damaged, and repaired composites reveal the partial recovery of structural performance and load-bearing capacity after cold spray repair. Results obtained in this work highlight cold spray as a promising alternative technique for onsite structural repair of composite structures with minimal pre/post-processing requirements.
Financial Analysis of Solar Rooftop PV System: Case Study in Indonesia
Authors: Tarigan Elieser 
Published: May 2023

The primary barrier to the dissemination of photovoltaic (PV) technology is its high cost as compared to other alternative options. This paper discusses some financial aspects of rooftop PV systems: module cost, BOS cost, useful lifetime, minimum attractive rate of return, and O&M cost. An equation and numerical calculation were made for estimating the unit cost of electricity of a rooftop system. The numerical calculation and simulation were made by taking the condition of Indonesia as the case study. It was assumed that (i) the useful lifetime of the PV system is 20 years, (ii) the annual maintenance cost is two percent of the total capital cost of the system, (iii) taxes and insurance costs are not to be paid, and (iv) capacity utilization is 20 percent. It is found that rooftop PV systems have the potential to provide power at competitive prices for residential with other alternative options for power generation.
Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption, Economic Growth, Urbanization, and Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Kenya
Authors: Otim Jacob , Watundu Susan , Mutenyo John , Bagire Vincent 
Published: May 2023

The increase in the level of CO2 emissions has triggered the global temperature to rise above the pre industrial levels. The unprecedented climate change has resulted in flooding and droughts that have displaced millions of people from their homes, plunged them into poverty, famine, and stunted economic growth, especially in countries with shoddy infrastructure. The large-scale use of fossil fuels across the globe, increase in urbanization and economic growth are likely to worsen the environmental quality. However, the proponents of the economic growth hypothesis do not admit that the consumption of fossil fuels and urban expansion, increase the level of CO2 emissions in the atmosphere. The current study examines the effects of fossil fuels consumption, economic growth, urbanization and CO2 emissions in Kenya over the period 1971 to 2014. The study follows a formal time series econometric estimation strategy and estimates the long-run model using an autoregressive distributed lag. The study findings show that economic growth and the uptake of fossil fuels increase CO2 emission, while urbanization reduces it. The study recommends phasing out subsidies for conventional energy supply, promoting energy efficiency and accelerating the development of clean energy technologies.
Potential Of Bintaro (Carbera Odollam Gaertn) , Amethyst (Brugmansia Candida Pers) And Babandotan (Ageratum Conyzoides L) As A Biopesticide Against Pest Leptocorisa Acuta On Rice Plants
Authors: Wizni Fadhillah , Rini Susanti , Lisdayani  
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Rice plants (Oryza sativa) is a crop of the main food commodities in Indonesia. Rice production continues to be improved to meet the needs of the community, however, efforts to increase rice production still faces problems, namely Hama walang sangit Leptorisa acuta.. One alternative to control insect pests Leptorisa acuta relatively safe, inexpensive, and easily obtained is the utilization of botanical insecticides. One of them is by using plants Bintaro (Carbera odollam Gaertn), Amethyst (Brugmansia candida Pers) and Babandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L) vegetable insecticides. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Bintaro (Carbera odollam Gaertn), Amethyst (Brugmansia candida Pers) and Babandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L) in controlling the Pest Leptocorisa acuta. This study uses the RAL Non-Factorial with 6 Level of treatment and 5 replications. From the results obtained that the treatment with the use of plants kacubung can suppress the population of pest Leptocorisa cut by 100% by the time of application for 1 day after application. Of this study are expected in the future can use kacubung as insecticides with different pests so that in the future kacubung can be used as a vegetable insecticide that is environmentally friendly, economical, and right on target.
The Effect Hormone Cytokynin and Giberelin On Maize Growth (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Jumaria Nasution  , Friska Meiliana 
Published: May 2023

Maize is important food comodity in indonesia beside rice. In its devolepment,maize does not only function as food for human, but also asa staple in animal feed industry and other needs, to meet market demand for increased maize production,it is in necessary to improve cultivation methods with the application of growth regulators,namely by used giberellin and cytokinins.Giberellin is hormone that affects plant growth in the germination and flowering phases while cytokinins play arole in cell elongation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of gibberelin and cytokinins on stem height, leaf lenght panicle land.This study used a completely randomized design with two factors, the concentration of giberellin and cytokinin 0, 10,20,50 ppm.Based on the data analysis below combiation had a significant effect on the stem height(P2C1).Cytokinin at concentration of 25 and giberelin 10 ppm increase the stem height(. The combination cytokynin 50 ppm and giberellin 50 ppm (P3C3) affect leaf lenght and lengt of panicle maize.
Effect of Several Flowering Plants on Diversity and Populations of Pests and Natural Enemies in Cayenne Pepper (Capsicum frutescens)”
Authors: Hidayah Lailatul , Tri Haryadi Nanang 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

One of the causes of pest problems that dominate in cayenne pepper is the monoculture planting system. Monoculture cropping systems have a lower diversity of pests and natural enemies in the field compared to polycultures. imbalance in the ecosystem in a crop, causing insect pests to become more resistant and dominate. Utilizing flowering plants is one of the efforts to maintain the balance of the existing ecosystem in the cayenne pepper plantation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of flowering plant species on the population and diversity of pests and natural enemies of cayenne pepper, then find out what treatment is the most effective for reducing pest populations. This research was conducted from August to December 2021 on land located in Gebang Village, Southeastang District, Bondowoso. The research design used was a randomized block design (RAK) with several treatments including P0 (Control), P1 (Sesamum indicum), P2 (Sphagneticola trilobata), P3 (Turnera subulata) and P4 (Turnera ulmifolia). The observed variables were the population of pests and natural enemies, the diversity of pests and natural enemies. The results showed that several types of flowering plants had an influence on Arthropoda diversity in cayenne pepper plants with a moderate category, the population of pests and natural enemies showed significantly different results in several weeks. The most effective treatment that can reduce pests is P3 (Turnera subulata) treatment which can reduce the pest population of B. dorsalis and show the highest population of its natural enemy, Oxyopes.
Pembuatan Marinasi Udang Swallow (Penaeus merguiensis) Dengan Pengolahan Bumbu Yang Berbeda
Authors: Ridhayani Lubis Ahyani , Diana Ayu , Hermanto  , Muhajjir  
Published: May 2023

Shrimp is one of the most popular types of seafood. Processed in any way, such as fried, steamed, baked, or made into a salad, shrimp is still delicious to eat. Marinating is the process of soaking meat in a marinade, before it is further processed. This study aims to determine the level of consumer acceptance of the manufacture of swallow shrimp marinade with different spice processing based on the hedonic test and to determine the nutritional content of the best value from the hedonic test of shrimp marinade with different spice processing. The shrimp marinade research method was divided into three stages. The first stage is sample and material preparation, the second stage is making shrimp marinade and the third stage is hedonic and proximate testing of the marinade. The research treatment design used was a completely randomized design (CRD). The results of the study obtained the best value from the hedonic test of shrimp marinade with the criteria of appearance = 6.30, aroma = 6.46, texture = 6.46 and taste = 5.85. The results of the test of the nutritional content of the marinade were based on the best value of the hedonic test results, namely water content = 73.61%, ash content = 5.45%, fat content = 0.31, protein content 19.26% and carbohydrate content 1.38.Keywords: Swallowed shrimp, Marinated, Hedonic Test, Proximate Test
EVALUATION OF CLIMATE SMART INDICATORS INFLUENCING AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES ON SORGHUM ENTERPRISE IN KATSINA AND SOKOTO STATES.
Authors: EKPA D , TIRI G.D. , MAMMAN M 
Published: May 2023

Presently, the state of poverty in Nigeria is frightening and climate change impends food security and increase poverty. The study was motivated by the increasing consequence of climate change and its impact on farmers in the study area. Farming households changing agricultural practices as a result of global observation of environmental changes. This research established a link that exists between climate smart agricultural practices and poverty in Katsina and Sokoto States. It was based on this that the study wants to evaluate the climate smart indicators influencing agricultural practices on sorghum enterprise in the study area. A multi-stage purposive and random sampling techniques was used to select three hundred (300) farming households in the study area. The objective was therefore, to determine factor influencing indicators of climate smart agricultural practices within sorghum enterprises in the study area. The study employed Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Ordinary Least Square (OLS) of the regression model to analyze the objective of the study housing material was significant at (P<0.01) and education was significant at (P<0.05). The study reccommends that:’Government, Non-Governmental Organizations and farmer’s associations should create a conducive learning environment by developing trainings and farmer friendly programmes such as environmental friendly farming systems to encourage rural household farmers develop interest and adopt climate smart agricultural farming practices. Extension delivery system approach should be down to earth’’ to meet the imformation age.
Analisis Pengaruh Harga dan Promosi terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Konsumen pada PT. Astra International, Tbk-Auto 2000 Karawang
Authors: Nuraeni Nuraeni , Herwanto Dene , Wahyudin Wahyudin 
Published: May 2023

PT. Astra International, Tbk – Auto2000 Karawang is a sales service network, maintenance, repair and supplier of Toyota spare parts located at Jalan Surotokunto No. 80, East Adiarsa, East Karawang District, Karawang Regency. Auto2000 Karawang branch often carries out promotions such as holding exhibitions, discounts, and giving gifts to customers, however the prices set by the company often change suddenly so that salesmen and customers feel confused which results in delays in their purchase plans. So the purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of price and promotion on purchasing decisions of four-wheeled vehicles at PT. Auto2000 Karawang. This research uses validity and reliability test data processing, regression analysis, T test and simultaneous test which in processing the data using SPSS software. The results showed that the t value for the price variable was 1.209 < t table (2.051) and the significance value was 0.237 > 0.05, which means 15H0"> is accepted and 15H1"> is rejected so that partially the price does not have a significant effect on purchasing decisions. For the promotion variable, the value of t count is 3,499 > t table (2,051). and a significance value of 0.02 <0.05, which means 15H0"> is rejected and 15H1 "> is accepted so that partially there is a significant influence between promotions on purchasing decisions at Auto2000 Karawang Branch. This means that the delivery of a good promotion will improve purchasing decisions.
Kendala dan Upaya Pemerintah Kota Dalam Pengurangan Sampah di Kota Pekanbaru
Authors: Ardiansah Ardiansah , Oktapani Silm 
Published: May 2023

Kota Pekanbaru adalah Ibu Kota Provinsi Riau. Kota Pekanbaru yang terletak di Pulau Sumatera terus berkembang pesat menuju Kota Metropolitan Madani. Jumlah penduduk kota Pekanbaru sebanyak 1.117.359 jiwa. Sedangkan jumlah timbunan sampahnya sekitar 1000 ton perharinya. Berdasarkan pengamatan bahwasanya di kota Pekanbaru masih banyak terdapat penumpukan sampah di tempat-tempat yang tidak seharusnya, dengan sistem kumpul angkut yang berakhir di Tempat Pembungan Akhir (TPA) belum dapat mengurai masalah sampah di Kota Pekanbaru. Berdasarkan Peraturan Daerah Kota Nomor 8 Tahun 2014 tentang Pengelolaan Sampah, pada Pasal 14 ayat (2) seharusnya permasalahan ini sudah dapat teratasi dengan baik. Penelitian ini terkategori penelitian hukum empiris, yaitu penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mencermati proses bekerjanya hukum dalam masyarakat Dalam penelitian akan melihat langsung bagaimana fakta sebenarnya yang terjadi di dalam masyarakat mengenai implementasi kewajiban pemerintah Kota Pekanbaru dalam mengurangi sampah. Dari berbagai fakta yang telah dicermati akan dianalisis untuk mengatasi masalah pengurangan sampah yang menjadi kewajiban pemerintah kota Pekanbaru. Target yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah terlaksananya Peraturan Daerah Kota Pekanbaru Nomor 8 Tahun 2014 tentang Pengelolaan Sampah, sehingga akan berdampak pada pengurangan sampah di kota Pekanbaru.
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Hak Terdakwa Dalam Proses Persidangan Perkara Kekerasan Fisik Yang Dilakukan Suami Dalam Rumah Tangga (Studi Putusan Nomor 2293/Pid.Sus/2021/Pn Mdn)
Authors: Halawa Sitti Thrde , Fauzi Ahmad , Sahari Alpi 
Published: May 2023

Pada prinsipnya perlindungan hukum tidak membedakan terhadap kaum pria maupun wanita, sistem pemerintahan negara sebagaimana yang telah dicantumkan dalam penjelasan Undang-Undang Dasar 1945, diantaranya menyatakan prinsip, “Indonesia adalah negara yang berdasarkan atas hukum (rechtstaat) dan pemerintah berdasar atas sistem konstitusi (hukum dasar)”. Elemen pokok negara hukum adalah pengakuan dan perlindungan terhadap “fundamental rights” (hak-hak dasar/asasi). Undang-Undang Nomor. 23 Tahun 2004 tentang Penghapusan Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga yaitu terletak pada delik aduan, dimana meskipun sudah jelas-jelas perbuatan yang dilakukan pelaku adalah tindak pidana dan bertentangan dengan Hak Asasi Manusia namun tanpa adanya pengaduan dari korban maka pelaku tidak dapat dituntut atas tindak 16 pidana yang dilakukannya. Metode penelitian normatif dengan data sekuder dan studi putusan. Adapun Hasil penelitiannya yaitu penanganan kasus kekerasan dalam rumah tangga tidak hanya mengadili tersangka/pelaku tindak kekerasan tetapi juga memikirkan hak-hak korban serta bagaimana pemulihannya, Terdakwa tersebut dapat tuntutan ganti kerugian di tingkat pengadilan karena adanya putusan pengadilan yang dinilai merugikan dan Hakim dalam memutus suatu perkara harus mempertimbangkan kebenaran yuridis, kebenaran filosofis dan sosiologis
Perlindungan Hukum Perjanjian Transaksi Elektronik Dengan Sistem Bayar Nanti pada Aplikasi Shopee
Authors: Hariss Abdul , Fauzia Nur , Saruya Firda 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh maraknya penggunaan metode pembayaran dengan sistem bayar nanti (ShopeePayLater) yang diklaim memberikan kemudahan bagi pembeli (konsumen) untuk membeli barang dan kemudian membayar di kemudian hari baik secara mencicil ataupun langsung. Adapun rumusan masalah dalam yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini terkait: 1) Apa yang dimaksud dengan perjanjian transaksi elektronik? 2)Apa yang dimaksud dengan sistem bayar nanti? 3)Bagaimana perlindungan hukum perjanjian transaksi elektronik dengan sistem bayar nanti pada aplikasi Shopee?. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mendapatkan jawaban terkait tentang perlindungan hukum dalam perjanjian transaksi elektronik dengan sistem bayar nanti pada aplikasi Shopee. Yuridis normative dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (Statute Approach) digunakan sebagai metode dalam penelitian ini. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwasahnya perjanjian transaksi elektronik ialah layaknya perjanjian pada umumnya namun pada prosesnya melibatkan bantuan media elektronik dan jaringan internet. Sistem bayar nanti pada aplikasi shopee digambarkan sebagai suatu metode pembayaran yang berbentuk perjanjian elektronik yang dikenal dengan sistem P2P yaitu merupakan sistem pinjam meminjam uang berbasis teknologi informasi. Sedangkan bentuk perlindungan hukum perjanjian transaksi elektronik terdapat dalam Undang-Undang No. 19 Tahun 2016 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang No. 11 Tahun 2008, Undang-Undang No. 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen, dan Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Nomor 77 Tahun 2016, serta Ketentuan Layanan Shopee PayLater terkait Perlindungan Hukum Pihak Konsumen dan Penyelenggara Layanan Paylater PT. Lentera Dana Nusantara dan PT. Commerce Finance.
Revitalisasi Pendaftaran Tanah Hak Guna Usaha Atas Tanah Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit di Kantor Pertanahan Kabupaten Muaro Jambi
Authors: Gani Abdul , Abdullah M. Zen 
Published: May 2023

Dalam rangka menjamin kepastian hak dan kepastian hukum atas tanah, Undang Undang Pokok Agraria telah mengatur pendaftaran tanah di seluruh wilayah Indonesia dengan terbitnya Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 24 tahun 1997 tentang Pendaftaran Tanah. Pendaftaran Tanah adalah rangkaian kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah secara terus menerus, berkesinambungan dan teratur, meliputi pengumpulan, pengelolaan, pembukuan, dan penyajian serta pemeliharaan data fisik dan data yuridis, dalam bentuk peta dan daftar, mengenai bidang-bidang tanah dan satuan-satuan rumah susun, termasuk pemberian surat tanda bukti haknya bagi bidang-bidang tanah yang sudah ada haknya dan hak milik atas satuan rumah susun serta hak-hak tertentu yang membebaninya. Perlu optimalisasi penyelenggaraan pendaftaran tanah atas hak guna usaha di Kantor Pertanahan Kabupaten Muaro Jambi dengan dilakukan revitalisasi pendaftaran tanah. Tujuan penelitian untuk memahami dan menganalisis pentingnya dilakukan revitalisasi pendaftaran tanah, faktor penghambatnya, dan solusi mengatasi faktor penghambat revitalisasi pendaftaran tanah hak guna usaha atas tanah perkebunan kelapa sawit di Kantor Pertanahan Kabupaten Muaro Jambi. Untuk mendukung penelitian ini digunakan 3 (tiga) teori yaitu : Teori Kewenangan. Teori Kepastian Hukum dan Teori Kemanfaatan. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif-empiris dengan kategori live case study. Saran, kewajiban mendaftarkan perolehan hak tanah bagi badan hukum dalam pelaksanaannya harus diberikan sanksi yang jelas sebagai efek jera bagi perusahan perkebunan kelapa sawit agar tujuan yang hendak dicapai dalam pendaftaran tanah terwujud, dan penyelenggaran revitalisasi pendaftaran tanah perlu didukung dengan kesiapan sistem elektronik yang dibangun oleh Kementerian ATR/BPN begitu pula dengan Sistem Komputerisasi Kantor Pertanahan harus update dengan setiap perubahan ketentuan yang berlaku, sehingga tidak terkendala dalam input data hak guna usaha pada Sistem Komputerisasi Kegiatan Pertanahan Kabupaten Muaro Jambi, serta dilakukan monitoring dan evaluasi tata kelola dan digitalisasi warkah hak guna usaha pada Kantor Pertanahan Kabupaten Muaro Jambi.