bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bidirectional causal association between ischemic stroke and five mental disorders
Authors: Ji Yingying , Du Zhiqiang , Zheng Kai , Jiang Ying , Ren Caili , Zhu Haohao , Xiao Ming , Wang Tong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the bidirectional causal association between ischemic stroke and five mental disorders from a genetic perspective using two‐sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR).MethodsSingle‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with ischemic stroke were obtained from the genome‐wide association study (GWAS) database, and those closely related to the exposure phenotype and satisfying the three core assumptions of Mendelian randomization were selected as instrumental variables (IVs). The main TSMR analysis was conducted using the inverse variance‐weighted (IVW) method, and the robustness of the results was assessed using the weighted median, weighted mode, and MR Egger methods. Heterogeneity test, pleiotropy test, and sensitivity analysis were also conducted to further ensure the accuracy and stability of the research results.ResultsThis study found a positive correlation between ischemic stroke and depression [IVW method (FEM): OR = 1.002, 95%CI: 1.000–1.003, P = 0.023<0.05], but no significant causal association with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, insomnia, or anxiety (P > 0.05). Reverse TSMR analysis showed no causal association between depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, insomnia, anxiety, and ischemic stroke (P > 0.05).ConclusionThis study used TSMR to demonstrate from a genetic perspective that there is a positive correlation between ischemic stroke and depression, which increases the risk of depression. Proactive intervention for ischemic stroke might reduce the risk of depression.
Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 regulates the function of human decidual natural killer cells
Authors: Li Huirong , Cheng Linghui , Su Shiyue , Guo Peipei , Wei Zhaolian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractProblemPyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1) is an important enzyme for immune cell development. However, PDK1's role in human decidual natural killer (dNK) cells remains largely unknown.Methods of studyPDK1 expression in dNK cells from patients with recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSA) and age‐matched healthy controls was analyzed by qRT‐PCR, western bolt and flow cytometry. Moreover, dNK cells were treated with PDK1 inhibitor or the PDK1 siRNA followed by functional assays.ResultsThe dNK cells from patients who underwent RSAs had higher mRNA expression and increased protein of PDK1, perforin (PRF1), Granzyme B (GZMB), IFN‐γ (IFNG), and CD107a expression compared to dNK cells from age‐matched healthy controls. Perforin, Granzyme B, IFN‐γ and CD107a expression levels in dNK cells were down‐regulated when dNK cells were treated with a PDK1 inhibitor. As measured by the 51Cr release assay, the killing activity of dNK cells was found to be decreased. We also demonstrated that PDK1 blockade could up‐regulate the migration and adhesion of dNK cells. Furthermore, PDK1 inhibition reduced the glycolysis of dNK cells.ConclusionThis study suggested that PDK1 plays an important role in regulating dNK cell functions and human RSA.
Playful aliens: Deceit and antipodal narratives in Chilean ufology
Authors: Espírito Santo Diana 
Published: September 2023

SummaryDeceit is conceived by ufology theorists as intrinsic to the behavior of UFO phenomena, often experienced as slippery and theatrical. In abduction experiences, there is what has been described as a simulacrum of medicine and science, whose content can be absurd and whose purposes are largely obscure. If we begin from the humanist perspective, we could say that these experiences produce antipodal stances—contradictory statements and affective postures that show intense paradox within a schema of play. I argue that this play has two fundamental and oscillating (or simultaneous) aspects. It is both bottom‐up, in the sense that it is a confined or segregated aspect of society, and top‐down, in the sense that it is experienced as a cosmos of aliens with unknown designs that manifest paradoxically. I argue that the terms of our analysis in the social sciences must reflect the fact that, in this simultaneity of opposites, these extraordinary and sometimes traumatic experiences are neither subjective nor objective but lie in a sort of “hermeneutical” middle ground that recognizes the deeply ironic and recursive nature of UFO phenomena.
Cancer incidence and outcomes registries in an Australian context: a systematic review
Authors: Chong Kit , Maida Jack , Ong Hwa Ian , Proud David , Lin James , Burgess Adele , Heriot Alexander , Smart Philip , Mohan Helen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundMultiple cancer registries in Australia are used to track the incidence of cancer and the outcomes of their treatment. These registries can be broadly classed into a few types with an increasing number of registries comes a greater potential for collaboration and linkage. This article aims to critically review cancer registry types in Australia and evaluate the Australian Cancer registry landscape to identify these areas.MethodsA systematic review was performed through MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library, updated to September 2022 using a predefined search strategy. Inclusion criteria were those that only analysed Australian and/or New Zealand based cancer registries, appraised the utility of cancer outcomes and/or incidence registries, and explored the utility of linked databases using cancer outcomes and/or incidence registries. The grey literature was searched for all operating cancer registries in Australia. Details of registry infrastructure was extracted for analysis and comparison.ResultsThree thousand two hundred and sixteen articles identified from the three databases. Twelve met the inclusion criteria. Twenty‐eight registries were identified using the grey literature. Strengths and weaknesses of Cancer Outcome Registries(COR) and Cancer Incidence Registries(CIR) were compared. Data linkage between registries or with other healthcare databases show great benefits in improving evidence for cancer research but are challenging to implement. Both registry types utilize differing modes of administration, influencing their accuracy and completeness.ConclusionOutcome registries provide detailed data but their weakness lies in incomplete data coverage. Incidence registries record a large dataset which contain inaccuracies. Improving coverage of quality outcome registries, and quality assurance of data in incidence registries is required to ensure collection of accurate, meaningful data. Areas for collaboration identified included establishment of defined definitions and outcomes, data linkage between registry types or with healthcare databases, and collaboration in logistical planning to improve clinical utility of cancer registries.
Defining the good surgical resident: a resident and registrar perspective
Authors: Neerhut Thomas , Ninan John , Grills Richard , McLeod Kathryn 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundSurgical residency provides insight into the essential skills required to become a successful surgical registrar. However, the role of the surgical resident remains largely undefined. While the Royal Australasian College of Surgeon (RACS) JDocs framework provides a useful guide, no published research explores what defines a highly performing surgical resident. We investigate what constitutes a ‘good’ surgical resident from the surgical resident and accredited surgical registrar perspectives. We hope this knowledge will improve patient care and assist surgical residents towards becoming valuable team members and successful accredited surgical training candidates.MethodsA qualitative research approach was utilized employing reflexive thematic analysis. Using semi‐structured interviews, 10 surgical residents and 10 accredited surgical registrars across eight surgical specialties were interviewed.ResultsAmongst surgical residents five themes were identified: efficiency: mastering the mundane, ‘stepping up’ to more responsibility, enthusiasm to learn, first do no harm: a safe practitioner, and lastly no resident is an island: a team player. Four themes described by accredited registrars included: somebody you can trust, finding a safe ‘balance’, a perfect fit: teamwork and communication and finally eagerness to improve.ConclusionThemes correlated well with eight of 10 RACS competencies and the JDocs Framework. Our results reaffirmed the importance of developing early career non‐technical skills. Explicit knowledge and understanding of these attributes used in conjunction with the core competency and JDocs frameworks may help those contemplating a career in surgery throughout their early surgical years.
The network dynamics of self‐compassion components and psychological symptoms during an intervention
Authors: Huang Jiasheng , Chen Siyu , Yang Wanting , Wang Yuyin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe change process of psychological interventions is complex and should be understood with a systems perspective. This study sought to examine the network dynamics of self‐compassion components and psychological symptoms during an intervention. A total of 139 participants completed daily assessments during a 28‐day intervention. Utilizing multilevel vector autoregressive (VAR) model, temporal and contemporaneous networks were generated and group differences in network dynamics were evaluated through descriptive assessment and permutation tests. The intervention group displayed a significant increase in self‐compassion and decrease in psychological symptoms, with self‐compassion mediating the intervention effects on symptoms. Network analysis revealed some network dynamics that might be relevant to desirable therapeutic changes in the intervention group. The intervention group demonstrated a significantly less connected contemporaneous depression network, indicating a decreased vulnerability to symptom activation. Additionally, the intervention group showed significantly more temporal connections from self‐compassion to anxiety, indicating an increased influence of self‐compassion on anxiety. These findings suggest that the intervention may have reshaped the interconnection pattern of symptoms and that between self‐compassion components and symptoms.
Editorial: alginates—navigating beyond the ‘raft’ and acid pocket
Authors: Kia Leila , Kahrilas Peter J. 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Sonmez et al and Woodland and Sifrim papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15884 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16041
Letter: HRS‐AKI—a frequent misdiagnosis in the real world setting? Authors' reply
Authors: Moore Kevin , Jamil Khurram , Allegretti Andrew S. 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Moore et al and Mehtani et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15836 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15964
Editorial: alginates—navigating beyond the ‘raft’ and acid pocket—authors' reply
Authors: Woodland Philip , Sifrim Daniel 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Sonmez et al and Kia and Kahrilas papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15884 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15970
Letter: Covid‐19—re‐initiating clinical services for chronic gastrointestinal diseases. How and when? Authors' reply
Authors: Prentice Ralley E. , Al‐Ani Aysha H. , Christensen Britt 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Al‐Ani et al and Britton et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15779 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16061
Letter: proving the benefit of exercise intervention in metabolic associated fatty liver disease—authors' reply
Authors: O'Gorman Philip , Naimimohasses Sara , Monaghan Ann , Kennedy Megan , Finn Stephen P. , Moore J. Bernadette , Gormley John , Norris Suzanne 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to O'Gorman et al and Stine & Schmitz papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15989 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16064
Letter: extending FIT from DG30 to NG12 patients. Letter: faecal immunochemical testing for adults with symptoms of colorectal cancer – ready for prime time? Authors' reply: a unified approach to safety netting negative FITs is required
Authors: Nicholson Brian D. , East James E. , Oke Jason , Roberts Nia Wyn , James Tim , Shine Brian 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Nicholson et al and Turvill and Farrugia papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15969 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16051 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16068
Editorial: methotrexate vs azathioprine—do differential rates of discontinuation settle the debate? Authors’ reply
Authors: Vasudevan Abhinav , Con Danny , Nicolaides Steven , van Langenberg Daniel R. 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Vasudevan et al and Fraser papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16039 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16076
An investigation of the dual continua model of mental health in the context of eating disorder symptomatology using latent profile analysis
Authors: Scutt Katharine , Ali Kathina , Rieger Elizabeth , Monaghan Conal , Ford Rachael , Fabry Esme , Fassnacht Daniel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe dual continua model of mental health suggests that mental well‐being and mental illness are two distinct continua that are interrelated in their contributions to overall mental health. This study investigated the dual continua model in individuals with eating disorder symptoms.MethodFemale university students (N = 346) completed measures of mental well‐being, eating disorder symptomatology, clinical impairment and psychological distress. Confirmatory factor and latent profile analyses were used to derive underlying mental health profiles.ResultsResults revealed two oblique factors representing the mental well‐being and eating disorder symptomatology constructs and four unique mental health profiles that were partially consistent with the dual continua model emerged: ‘flourishing’, ‘vulnerable’, ‘partially symptomatic and content’, and ‘languishing’. The derived mental health profiles had unique characteristics described by psychological distress and clinical impairment.ConclusionsThe results did not provide conclusive evidence for the dual continua model as they could also be interpreted in a manner consistent with the unidimensional approach. While the dual continua model is a promising avenue to understand mental health in a way that looks beyond symptoms, these results caution against its rapid adoption and encourage future research to understand how eating disorder symptomatology and positive mental health assets contribute to overall mental health.
Iron Through the Prism of Haematology
Authors: Porter John B. 
Published: September 2023

SummarySince the inception of the British Society for Haematology (BSH) 60 years ago, our increased scientific understanding of iron metabolism, together with clinical developments, have changed the way we diagnose and treat its disorders. In the UK, perhaps the most notable contributions relate to iron overload, some of which I will outline from personal experience. Diagnostically, this began with the identification of serum ferritin as a marker of iron overload and continued later with the application of MRI‐based imaging techniques for iron and its distribution. Therapeutically, the first trials of both parenteral and oral chelation, which have radically changed the outcomes of transfusional iron‐overloaded patients, took place in the UK and are now part of standard clinical practice. During this time, our scientific understanding of iron metabolism at a cellular and systemic level have advanced the diagnosis and treatment of inherited disorders of iron metabolism. There are potential novel applications related to our recent understanding of hepcidin metabolism and manipulation.
Methodological rigour in preclinical urology: a systematic review reporting research quality over a 14‐year period
Authors: Park Seung Hyun , Lee Se Bee , Park Seoyeon , Kim Eun Young , Pizzol Damiano , Trott Mike , Barnett Yvonne , Koyanagi Ai , Jacob Louis , Soysal Pinar , Veronese Nicola , Ippoliti Simona , Abou Ghayda Ramy , Thirumavalavan Nannan , Hijaz Adonis , Sheyn David , Pope Rachel , Conroy Britt , Jaeger Irina , Shubham Gupta , Nevo Amihay , Ilie Petre Cristian , Lee Seung Won , Yon Dong Keon , Han Hyun Ho , Hong Sung Hwi , Shin Jae Il , Ponsky Lee , Smith Lee 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence and trends of essential study design elements in preclinical urological studies, as well as key factors that may improve methodological rigour, as the demand for methodological rigour in preclinical studies is increasing since research reproducibility and transparency in the medico‐scientific field are being questioned.Methods and ResultsPubMed was searched to include preclinical urological studies published between July 2007 to June 2021. A total of 3768 articles met the inclusion criteria. Data on study design elements and animal models used were collected. Citation density was also examined as a surrogate marker of study influence. We performed an analysis of the prevalence of seven critical study design elements and temporal patterns over 14 years. Randomisation was reported in 50.0%, blinding in 15.0%, sample size estimation in 1.0%, inclusion of both sexes in 6.3%, statistical analysis in 97.1%, housing and husbandry in 47.7%, and inclusion/exclusion criteria in 5.0%. Temporal analysis showed that the implementation of these study design elements has increased, except for inclusion of both sexes and inclusion/exclusion criteria. Reporting study design elements were associated with increased citation density in randomisation and statistical analysis.ConclusionsThe risk of bias is prevalent in 14‐year publications describing preclinical urological research, and the quality of methodological rigour is barely related to the citation density of the article. Yet five study design elements (randomisation, blinding, sample size estimation, statistical analysis, and housing and husbandry) proposed by both the National Institutes of Health and Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments guidelines have been either well reported or are being well reported over time.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO CRD42022233125.
Real‐time estimation of nephron activity with a linear measurement system (RENAL‐MS) predicts postoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate
Authors: Schober Jared P. , Ginsburg Kevin B. , Kutikov Alexander , Cho Eric Y. , Loecher Matt , Strauss David , Castro Bigalli Alberto Andres , Handorf Elizabeth , Deng Mengying , Anaokar Jordan , Chen David Y. T. , Greenberg Richard E. , Smaldone Marc C. , Viterbo Rosalia , Correa Andres F. , Uzzo Robert G. , Strother Marshall 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveTo determine whether a simple point‐of‐care measurement system estimating renal parenchymal volume using tools ubiquitously available could be used to replace nuclear medicine renal scintigraphy (NMRS) in current clinical practice to predict estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) after nephrectomy by estimating preoperative split renal function.Patients and MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of patients who underwent abdominal cross‐sectional imaging (computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging) and mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3) NMRS prior to total nephrectomy at a single institution. We developed the real‐time estimation of nephron activity with a linear measurement system (RENAL‐MS) method of estimating postoperative renal function via the following technique: renal parenchymal volume of the removed kidney relative to the remaining kidney was estimated as the product of renal length and the average of six renal parenchymal thickness measurements. The utility of this value was compared to the utility of the split renal function measured by MAG3 for prediction of eGFR and new onset Stage 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD) at ≥90 days after nephrectomy using uni‐ and multivariate linear and logistic regression.ResultsA total of 57 patients met the study criteria. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) age was 69 (61–80) years. The median (IQR) pre‐ and postoperative eGFR was 74 (IQR 58–90) and 46 (35–62) mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively. [Correction added on 29 December 2023, after first online publication: The data numbers in the preceding sentence have been corrected.] Correlations between actual and predicted postoperative eGFR were similar whether the RENAL‐MS or NMRS methods were used, with correlation using RENAL‐MS being slightly numerically but not statistically superior (R = 0.82 and 0.76; P = 0.138). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis using logistic regression estimates incorporating age, sex, and preoperative creatinine to predict postoperative Stage 3 CKD were similar between RENAL‐MS and NMRS (area under the curve 0.93 vs. 0.97). [Correction added on 29 December 2023, after first online publication: The data numbers in the preceding sentence have been corrected.]ConclusionA point‐of‐care tool to estimate renal parenchymal volume (RENAL‐MS) performed equally as well as NMRS to predict postoperative eGFR and de novo Stage 3 CKD after nephrectomy in our population, suggesting NMRS may not be necessary in this setting.
Do standards improve the quality of traded products?
Authors: Disdier Anne‐Célia , Gaigné Carl , Herghelegiu Cristina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe examine whether standards raise the quality of traded products. Matching a panel of French firm–product–destination export data with a data set on sanitary and phytosanitary measures and technical barriers to trade, we find that such quality standards enforced on products by destination countries: (i) favour the export probability of high‐quality firms provided that their productivity is high enough, (ii) raise the export sales of high‐productivity, high‐quality firms at the expense of low‐productivity and low‐quality firms and (iii) increase the quality supplied by firms if their productivity is high enough. We then develop a simple new trade model under uncertainty about product quality in which heterogeneous firms can strategically invest in quality signalling to rationalize these empirical results on quality and selection effects.
Macroeconomic tail risk, currency crises and the inter‐war gold standard
Authors: Duley Chanelle , Gai Prasanna 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe introduce macroeconomic tail risk into the canonical global game model of currency crises. The exchange rate peg is attacked if fundamentals reach a critical threshold, or if there is a sufficiently large public shock. Large shocks generate doubt amongst investors about both the state of the world and about what others know, giving rise to multiple equilibria. We find a non‐monotonic relationship between tail risk and the probability of (a fundamentals‐based) crisis and show how this effect depends on the magnitude and direction of public shocks. We consider the implications of policy intervention and identify conditions under which active intervention produces doubt about the level of fundamentals and, hence, how others will respond. Our analysis clarifies how financial contagion in Europe precipitated the sterling crisis of 1931.