bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A model‐and data‐driven predictive control approach for tracking of stochastic nonlinear systems using Gaussian processes
Authors: Ma Tong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) is one of the few control methods that can handle complex nonlinear systems with multi‐objectives and various constraints. However, the performance of NMPC highly depends on the model accuracy and the deterministic solutions may suffer from conservatism, for example, robust MPC only considers the worst‐case scenario, which yields the NMPC not working efficiently in uncertain stochastic cases. To address these issues, a model‐and data‐driven predictive control approach using Gaussian processes (GP‐MDPC) is synthesized in this paper, which copes with the tracking control problems of stochastic nonlinear systems subject to model uncertainties and chance constraints. Because GP has high flexibility to capture complex unknown functions and it inherently handles measurement noise, GP models are employed to approximate the unknowns, the predictions and uncertainty quantification provided by the GPs are then exploited to propagate the uncertainties through the nonlinear model and to formulate a finite‐horizon stochastic optimal control problem (FH‐SOCP). Specifically, given the GP models, closed‐loop simulations are executed offline to generate Monte Carlo samples, from which the back‐offs for constraint tightening are calculated iteratively. The tightened constraints then guarantee the satisfaction of chance constraints online. A tractable GP‐MDPC framework using back‐offs for handling nonlinear chance constrained tracking control problems is yielded, whose advantages include fast online evaluation, consideration of closed‐loop behaviour, and achievable trade‐off between conservatism and constraint violation. Comparisons are carried out to verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed GP‐MDPC scheme with back‐offs.
Text Types and Their Relation to Efficacy in Beginning Reading Interventions
Authors: Pugh Alia , Kearns Devin M. , Hiebert Elfrieda H. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractResearchers disagree about the value of controlling the decodability of texts for students with reading difficulty, specifically what type of text they should read: decodable texts (words limited to taught patterns), nondecodable texts (those not limited by instruction), or both. We analyzed the effects of reading intervention for elementary‐age students with reading difficulty (k = 119) to determine whether effects varied by the type of texts students read—decodable, nondecodable, or both—compared with interventions without text reading. Inadequate information was available to code text type for 22 interventions including text reading; effect sizes were calculated for 97 studies. Effects for interventions with decodable or nondecodable reading did not differ from no‐text interventions. For both types of interventions, the effect (g = 0.28) approached significance versus no‐text, 95% CI [−0.09, 0.65]. Disaggregating effects by whether the measures were standardized or researcher‐designed showed a significant both‐types effect, g = 0.45, 95% CI [0.02, 0.89] relative to no‐text. Disaggregating by whether outcomes were for word recognition or reading comprehension showed a positive both‐types effect for word recognition outcomes; data were inadequate to examine comprehension. A possible confounding effect of time spent reading was tested but was uncorrelated with the intervention effect. The both‐types finding suggests the possible value of varied reading experiences in intervention, but this analysis did not account for other factors that might be correlated with text type and the intervention effect. Furthermore, more comprehensive reporting about text types is important for replication and meta‐analytic review.
Effect of Nitrogen Doping on the Photocatalytic Properties of TiO2
Authors: Zhang Wei , Li Ning , Wu Peng , Wang Dongliang , Dong Peng , Zhao Yu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA series of nitrogen‐doped TiO2 were prepared through a simple sol‐solvothermal method. The catalysts were characterized by BET, XRD, SEM‐EDS, Raman, XPS, FTIR, UV‐Vis, etc. The results show that N−TiO2 photocatalyst has a larger specific surface area, stable anatase phase, and narrow forbidden band energy (3.17–3.24 eV). The N‐doped TiO2 has more oxygen vacancies (OVs) than pure TiO2, as confirmed by results such as XPS and ESR. The photocatalytic evaluation results show that the decolorization of methyl orange reached 99.03 % over the 3 % N‐doped TiO2, which is 40 % higher than that of pure TiO2. Meanwhile, 3 % N‐doped TiO2 exhibited a faster MO mineralisation rate than TiO2. After repeatedly used for 5 times, the photocatalyst 3‐N−TiO2 still showed high activity in the degradation of MO. The improvement of the visible light performance of the N−TiO2 photocatalyst could be attributed to the introduction of N in TiO2 to generate new N 2p energy levels and rich OVs.
3‐Methoxy‐Pyrrole‐Based Small Molecule Damages Mitochondria to Instigate Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Ingle Jaypalsing , Tat Sharad , Shinde Sopan , Kumar Mohit , Sanyam  , Mondal Anirban , Santra Manas Kumar , Basu Sudipta 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMitochondrion has been implicated in the development and progression of breast cancer, making it an unconventional target for the anti‐cancer therapy. As a result, there is a need to explore novel small molecules for next generation breast cancer therapy. Towards this endeavour, herein, we have identified a novel 3‐methoxy‐pyrrole‐based small molecule from a synthetic library. Confocal fluorescence microscopy studies revealed that, this lead small molecule induced mitochondrial damage and generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the MCF7 breast cancer cells. Small molecule based mitochondrial impairment subsequently triggered cell cycle arrest and nuclear DNA damage followed by apoptosis leading remarkable cell killing and inhibition in the colony formation in MCF7 cells. Moreover, this 3‐methoxy‐pyrrole killed drug resistant MDA‐MB‐231 triple negative breast cancer cells and OVCAR8 ovarian cancer cells efficiently. This novel small molecule can open a new direction towards mitochondria targeted breast cancer therapy in future.
exo‐endo Isomerism of Carboranes: Unusual Geometries of C2B5X7 (X=Cl, Br) and C2B7Cl9 with exo‐Skeletal BCl2 Groups on Carbon Revealed by Joint Spectroscopic/Computational Studies
Authors: Keller Willi , Conrad Jürgen , Hofmann Matthias 
Published: June 2023

AbstractReexamination of the co‐pyrolysis reactions of B2Cl4 with C2Cl4 at 350 °C and of B2Br4 with CBr4 at 300 °C in vacuo confirmed the carboranes C2B5Cl7 (1), C2B7Cl9 (2), and C2B5Br7 (3) as low‐yield products. While 1 only could be concentrated by repeated vacuum fractionation, 2 and 3 could now be isolated from the conglomerate mixtures for a full spectroscopic characterization and the compounds were verified in their geometries by detailed DFT computations. Surprisingly, the perhalogenated carboranes do not adopt the expected “all‐endo”‐geometries with cluster sizes derived by the sum of the n boron and two carbon atoms (n+2) as known from the syntheses of the parent closo‐carboranes C2BnHn+2. Instead, DFT/GIAO(ZORA)/NMR (GIAO for X=Cl, ZORA for X=Br) computations revealed that the perhalogenated carboranes favor structures with BX2 groups as exo‐skeletal ligands attached to both cage‐carbon atoms yielding the five‐vertex closo‐1,5‐(CBX2)2B3X3 (1: X=Cl; 3: X=Br) and the seven‐vertex closo‐2,4‐(CBCl2)2B5Cl5 for 2. In contrast to these perhalogenated carboranes, analogous computations on the hydrogen substituted carboranes C2BnHn+2, silaboranes Si2BnHn+2 and Si2BnXn+2 (n=5, 7) show in all cases a thermodynamic favorization of structures where all boron atoms of the formula are endo‐skeletally incorporated into the cluster frameworks.
Crystal Structure, Spectroscopic Studies and Supramolecular Chemistry, DFT Based Electronic and Optical Properties of Salts of Methylene Blue with Tetrahedral Anions
Authors: Ullah Ijaz , Xiang Fahui , Li Yunbin , Huang Jiali , Ans Muhammad , Iqbal Javed , Zhang Zhangjing , Xiang Shengchang , Khan Ezzat 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Fe(III), Ni(II) and Zn(II) salts were treated with MB+ to obtain metal complexes MB[FeCl4], (MB)2[NiCl4], MB(ClO4) and to explore the coordination behavior of the organic cation. Crystals were grown by soft grinding and solution techniques. The resultant compounds were fully characterized by UV‐visible spectroscopy, TGA, single crystal and powder XRD. UV‐Visible, Frontier molecular orbital, Density of states, Molecular electrostatic potentials, and band gap were estimated theoretically by DFT. The purity and crystallinity of material was measured with the help of powder X‐ray diffraction analysis while their thermal stability was measured with the help of thermogravimetric analysis. DFT study revealed that the chlorinated metal center helps to stabilize the HOMO and LUMO values which are ultimately responsible for the lower energy gap. Complex (MB)2[NiCl4] has the lowest bandgap 0.48 eV which is due to the presence of one extra MB+ and also due to the electron‐rich nature of Ni(II). The crystal structure of all compounds is stabilized by strong electrostatic, hydrogen bonding, π‐π‐stacking and other short‐interactions. Molecular electrostatic potentials ESP surface shows that chlorinated metal centers are electron rich in nature and more electron density are found in
center. The supramolecular chemistry of the resultant solids is discussed in detail.
Phosphorus‐Modified Amorphous High‐Entropy CoFeNiCrMn Compound as High‐Performance Electrocatalyst for Hydrazine‐Assisted Water Electrolysis
Authors: Li Kaixun , He JinFeng , Guan Xuze , Tong Yun , Ye Yutong , Chen Lu , Chen Pengzuo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractExploiting highly active and bifunctional catalysts for both hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR) is a prerequisite for the hydrogen acquisition. High‐entropy materials have received widespread attention in catalysis, but the high‐performance bifunctional electrodes are still lacking. Herein, a novel P‐modified amorphous high‐entropy CoFeNiCrMn compound is developed on nickel foam (NF) by one‐step electrodeposition strategy. The achieved CoFeNiCrMnP/NF delivers remarkable HER and HzOR performance, where the overpotentials as low as 51 and 268 mV are realized at 100 mA cm−2. The improved cell voltage of 91 mV is further demonstrated at 100 mA cm−2 by assessing CoFeNiCrMnP/NF in the constructed hydrazine‐assisted water electrolyser, which is almost 1.54 V lower than the HER||OER system. Experimental results confirm the important role of each element in regulating the bifuncational performance of high‐entropy catalysts. The main influencing elements seem to be Fe and Ni for HER, while the P‐modification and Cr metal may contribute a lot for HzOR. These synergistic advantages help to lower the energy barriers and improve the reaction kinetics, resulting in the excellent bifunctional activity of the CoFeNiCrMnP/NF. The work offers a feasible strategy to develop self‐supporting electrode with high‐entropy materials for overall water splitting.
Photosensitizing Metasurface Empowered by Enhanced Magnetic Field of Toroidal Dipole Resonance
Authors: Hasebe Hiroaki , Sugimoto Hiroshi , Katsurayama Yoshino , Furuyama Taniyuki , Fujii Minoru 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPhotochemical reaction exploiting an excited triplet state (T1) of a molecule requires two steps for the excitation, i.e., electronic transition from the ground (S0) to singlet excited (S1) states and intersystem crossing to the T1 state. A dielectric metasurface coupled with photosensitizer that enables energy efficient photochemical reaction via the enhanced S0→T1 magnetic dipole transition is developed. In the direct S0→T1 transition, the photon energy of several hundreds of meV is saved compared to the conventional S0→ S1→T1 transition. To maximize the magnetic field intensity on the surface, a silicon (Si) nanodisk array metasurface with toroidal dipole resonances is designed. The surface of the metasurface is functionalized with ruthenium (Ru(II)) complexes that work as a photosensitizer for singlet oxygen generation. In the coupled system, the rate of the direct S0→T1 transition of Ru(II) complexes is 41‐fold enhanced at the toroidal dipole resonance of a Si nanodisk array. The enhancement of a singlet oxygen generation rate is observed when the toroidal dipole resonance of a Si nanodisk array is matched with the direct S0→T1 transition wavelength of Ru(II) complexes.
Construction of Core–shell Sb2s3@Cds Nanorod with Enhanced Heterointerface Interaction for Chromium‐Containing Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Li Wei , Li Jiayuan , Ma Tenghao , Liao Guocheng , Gao Fanfan , Duan Wen , Luo Keling , Wang Chuanyi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHow to collaboratively reduce Cr(VI) and break Cr(III) complexes is a technical challenge to solve chromium‐containing wastewater (CCW) pollution. Solar photovoltaic (SPV) technology based on semiconductor materials is a potential strategy to solve this issue. Sb2S3 is a typical semiconductor material with total visible‐light harvesting capacity, but its large‐sized structure highly aggravates disordered photoexciton migration, accelerating the recombination kinetics and resulting low‐efficient photon utilization. Herein, the uniform mesoporous CdS shell is in situ formed on the surface of Sb2S3 nanorods (NRs) to construct the core–shell Sb2S3@CdS heterojunction with high BET surface area and excellent near‐infrared light harvesting capacity via a surface cationic displacement strategy, and density functional theory thermodynamically explains the breaking of SbS bonds and formation of CdS bonds according to the bond energy calculation. The SbSCd bonding interaction and van der Waals force significantly enhance the stability and synergy of Sb2S3/CdS heterointerface throughout the entire surface of Sb2S3 NRs, promoting the Sb2S3‐to‐CdS electron transfer due to the formation of built‐in electric field. Therefore, the optimized Sb2S3@CdS catalyst achieves highly enhanced simulated sunlight‐driven Cr(VI) reduction (0.154 min−1) and decomplexation of complexed Cr(III) in weakly acidic condition, resulting effective CCW treatment under co‐action of photoexcited electrons and active radicals. This study provides a high‐performance heterostructured catalyst for effective CCW treatment by SPV technology.
Novel Nanogels Loaded with Mn(II) Chelates as Effective and Biologically Stable MRI Probes
Authors: Carniato Fabio , Ricci Marco , Tei Lorenzo , Garello Francesca , Furlan Chiara , Terreno Enzo , Ravera Enrico , Parigi Giacomo , Luchinat Claudio , Botta Mauro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHere it is described nanogels (NG) based on a chitosan matrix, which are covalently stabilized by a bisamide derivative of Mn‐t‐CDTA (t–CDTA = trans‐1,2‐diaminocyclohexane‐N,N,N′,N′‐tetraacetic acid). the Mn(II) complex acts both as a contrast medium and as a cross‐linking agent. These nanogels are proposed as an alternative to the less stable paramagnetic nanogels obtained by electrostatic interactions between the polymeric matrix and paramagnetic Gd(III) chelates. The present novel nanogels show: i) relaxivity values seven times higher than that of typical monohydrated Mn(II) chelates at the clinical fields, thanks to the combination of a restricted mobility of the complex with a fast exchange of the metal‐bound water molecule; ii) high stability of the formulation over time at pH 5 and under physiological conditions, thus excluding metal leaking or particles aggregation; iii) good extravasation and accumulation, with a maximum contrast achieved at 24 h post‐injection in mice bearing subcutaneous breast cancer tumor; iv) high T1 contrast (1 T) in the tumor 24 h post‐injection. These improved properties pave the way for the use of these paramagnetic nanogels as promising magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) probes for in vitro and in vivo preclinical applications.
Superresolution Fluorescence Microscopy of Platelet Subcellular Structures as a Potential Tumor Liquid Biopsy
Authors: Xu Peng , Deng Huan , Hong Zhenya , Zhong Simei , Chen Feifan , Wang Liangliang , Wang Zhenhao , Mei Yu , Luo Ziying , He Ziliang , Li Haiwen , Gan Chao , Zhang Huaqiu , Ma Yan , Han Zhiqiang , Zhang Yu‐Hui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBlood‐based tumor liquid biopsies are promising as an alternative or complement to tissue biopsies due to their noninvasiveness, convenience, and safety, and there is still a great demand for the discovery of new biomarkers for these biopsies. Here, nanoscale distribution patterns of subcellular structures in platelets, as imaged by structured illumination superresolution fluorescence microscopy, as a new type of potential biomarker for tumor liquid biopsies are presented. A standardized protocol for platelet sample preparation and developed an automated high‐throughput image analysis workflow is established. The diagnostic capability based on the statistical analysis of 280 000 superresolution images of individual platelets from a variety of tumor patients, benign mass patients, and healthy volunteers (n = 206) is explored. These results suggest that the nanoscale distribution patterns of α‐granules in platelets have the potential to be biomarkers for several cancers, including glioma and cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancers, facilitating not only diagnosis but also therapeutic monitoring. This study provides a promising novel type of platelet parameter for tumor liquid biopsies at the subcellular level rather than the existing cellular or molecular level and opens up a new avenue for clinical applications of superresolution imaging techniques.
Ultrasound of the eye – Part 1: Normal anatomy, technical parameters and scanning technique
Authors: Napier Donna 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA request for an ultrasound of the eye can be a relatively infrequent occurrence for a sonographer, but ultrasound can play a pivotal role in the detection of vision threatening conditions. In those instances where sonographers are required to perform the occasional ocular ultrasound, a sound knowledge of normal anatomy, scanning techniques, technical parameters and pitfalls is pertinent to ensure pathology is not overlooked. Ultrasound of the eye is commonly performed following trauma or visual disturbance. As such it is a useful diagnostic tool when fundoscopic examination of the eye is limited. The fact that it lacks the use of ionizing radiation, is non‐invasive and readily accessible are just some of its many advantages. However, the greatest advantage is its ability to provide a dynamic assessment of the eye. Ocular structures have a higher sensitivity to ultrasound exposure, which necessitates the correct use of technical parameters so as to not induce any vision affecting biological effects. The purpose of this article is to introduce sonographers to normal ocular anatomy, optimal scanning techniques for enhanced pathology detection, and most importantly the safe use of physical parameters to minimize damage to sensitive ocular structures.
Automatisierte Schweißnahtnachbehandlung durch höherfrequentes Hämmern
Authors: Wendler Lea , Löschner Daniel , Engelhardt Imke , Telljohann Gerd , Große‐Soetebier Carsten , Sigmund Tilo , Neher Michael 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDie Wirksamkeit der Schweißnahtnachbehandlung durch höherfrequente Hämmerverfahren (HFH) zur Steigerung der Ermüdungsfestigkeit wurde bereits durch eine Vielzahl von Studien belegt. Durch die robotergesteuerte Anwendung der HFH‐Verfahren soll die Schweißnahtnachbehandlung in den Herstellprozess automatisiert geschweißter Bauteile integriert werden können und ein wirtschaftlicher Einsatz der HFH‐Behandlung innerhalb der Serienfertigung ermöglicht werden. Zudem kann eine automatisierte Qualitätskontrolle in den Nachbehandlungsprozess eingebunden werden, die eine genauere Vermessung der Nahtgeometrie als konventionelle Messmethoden ermöglicht. Dieser Beitrag befasst sich mit der gerätespezifischen Entwicklung einer robotergesteuerten Anwendung der HFH‐Nachbehandlung mit dem HiFIT‐Gerät sowie einer automatisierten Qualitätskontrolle. Anschließend wird die Verifizierung der Wirksamkeit der automatisierten HFH‐Nachbehandlung anhand von Ermüdungsversuchen und der Vermessung der Eindruckgeometrie dargestellt.
Belonging in science classrooms: Investigating its relation to students' contributions and influence in knowledge building
Authors: Penuel William R. , Krumm Andrew E. , Pazera Carol , Singleton Corinne , Allen Anna‐Ruth , Deverel‐Rico Clarissa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMeaningful participation in science and engineering practices requires that students make their thinking visible to others and build on one another's ideas. But sharing ideas with others in small groups and classrooms carries social risk, particularly for students from nondominant groups and communities. In this paper, we explore how students' perceptions of classrooms shape their contributions to classroom knowledge building in science across a wide range of classrooms. We examine the claim that when students feel a sense of belonging in class, they contribute more and perceive their ideas to be more influential in knowledge building. Data comes from classroom exit tickets (n = 10,194) administered in 146 classrooms as part of a 10‐state field test of a new middle‐school science curriculum, OpenSciEd, which were analyzed using mixed effects models. We found that students' sense of belonging predicted the degree to which they contributed ideas out loud in class (Odds ratio = 1.57) as well as the degree to which they perceived their contributions as influencing others (Odds ratio = 1.53). These relationships were particularly strong for students who reported a lower a sense of belonging. We also found significant differences by both race and gender in whether students said they contributed and believed their ideas influenced those of others. These findings suggest that a learner's sense of belonging in class and willingness to contribute may be mutually reinforcing, highlighting the need to promote content‐specific strategies to foster belonging in ways that support collaborative knowledge building.
PLS3 promotes papillary thyroid carcinoma progression by activating the Notch signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Dongtao , Liu Jingping , Chen Yong , Jia Lanning , Zhao Ke , He Xianghui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy worldwide. Although significant progress has been made in understanding the genetic and molecular alterations that drive thyroid cancer, the mechanisms underlying thyroid tumor progression remain unclear. In this study, we explored the involvement of Plastin‐3 (PLS3) in the progression of papillary thyroid cancer and elucidated the underlying molecular mechanisms. We first analyzed clinical samples from papillary thyroid cancer patients and found that PLS3 expression was significantly upregulated in tumor tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues. Moreover, high PLS3 expression was associated with advanced tumor stage and poor prognosis. Further in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that PLS3 could promote the proliferation, migration, and invasive behavior of papillary thyroid cancer cells, while PLS3 knockdown suppressed these processes. Mechanistically, we found that PLS3 promoted papillary thyroid cancer progression by activating the Notch signaling pathway. Specifically, PLS3 upregulated the expression of Notch receptors (Notch1) and downstream target gene (Hes1) in papillary thyroid cancer cells. In summary, our findings collectively indicate that PLS3 plays a pivotal role in driving the progression of papillary thyroid cancer and holds promise as a viable therapeutic target for the treatment of this disease.