bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Time Course of Health, Fitness, and Occupational Performance Changes in Recruits across a Fire Academy
Authors: WOHLGEMUTH KEALEY J. , GERSTNER GENA R. , GIULIANI-DEWIG HAYDEN K. , MOTA JACOB A. , SMITH-RYAN ABBIE E. , RYAN ERIC D. 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine the time course of health, fitness, and occupational performance changes in firefighter recruits across a fire academy.

Methods
Nineteen recruits (24.9 ± 4.3 yr; 26.7 ± 3.1 kg·m−2) had their body composition, balance, vertical jump (VJ) performance, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), upper and lower body strength, hamstrings-to-quadriceps (H/Q) ratio, lower back endurance, and weighted stair climb (SC) performance assessed at the beginning (week 1 [W1]), midpoint (week 15 [W15]), and end (week 30 [W30]) of a fire academy.

Results
The fire academy improved body composition, balance, CRF, leg extension strength, and SC performance from W1 to W15 (P ≤ 0.042) which then plateaued at W30 (P ≥ 0.314). Leg flexion strength and the H/Q ratio decreased from W1 to W15 (P ≤ 0.035) and plateaued at W30 (P ≥ 0.947). Upper body strength was similar at W1 and W15 (P ≥ 0.999), but decreased at W30 (P ≤ 0.033). However, no significant changes occurred across the academy for VJ performance or lower back endurance (P ≥ 0.090).

Conclusions
These findings highlight the positive effect of the academy on body composition, CRF, balance, SC performance, and leg extension strength. However, the decreases in upper body and leg flexion strength, the H/Q ratio, and lack of changes in VJ performance and low back endurance may highlight key areas of need to maximize injury prevention and performance enhancement efforts in the academy. Further, the varied time course of changes may help fire departments identify opportunities to modify exercise programming across their academies.
The Presence of Wind Worsens the Effect of Cold Temperature on Time to Ischemia in Patients with Stable Angina
Authors: BARRY HADIATOU , GAGNON DANIEL , IGLESIES-GRAU JOSEP , LALONGÉ JULIE , JUNEAU MARTIN 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose
This study tested the hypothesis that the combination of cold temperature and wind further reduces time to ischemia during treadmill stress testing compared with cold temperature alone.

Methods
Eighteen participants (56 ± 9 yr) with stable angina performed four treadmill stress tests in a randomized crossover design at +20°C and −8°C, with and without a 24-km·h−1 headwind. Time to ischemia (≥1-mm ST-segment depression) and angina, rate pressure product, and total exercise duration were determined.

Results
At −8°C, time to ischemia was reduced by 22% (−58 s (−85 to −31 s), P < 0.01) compared with +20°C. The addition of wind at −8°C reduced time to ischemia by a further 15% (−31 s (−58 to −4 s) vs −8°C without wind, P = 0.02). The addition of wind did not affect time to ischemia at +20°C (P = 0.38). Cold temperature and wind did not affect time to angina (P = 0.46 and P = 0.61) or rate pressure product (P = 0.46 and P = 0.09). Total exercise time was reduced in the presence of wind at −8°C (−29 s (−51 to −7 s), P = 0.01), but not at +20°C (P = 0.09).

Conclusions
The presence of wind reduces time to ischemia when exercise stress testing is performed in a cold environment. These results suggest that wind should be considered when evaluating the risks posed by cold weather in patients with coronary artery disease and exercise-induced ischemia.
Efficacy and Feasibility of Presurgical Exercise in Bladder Cancer Patients Scheduled for Open Radical Cystectomy
Authors: TAAFFE DENNIS R. , MCCOMBIE STEVE P. , GALVÃO DANIEL A. , NEWTON ROBERT U. , LA BIANCA SHANE , CHAMBERS SUZANNE K. , SPRY NIGEL , SINGH FAVIL , LOPEZ PEDRO , SCHUMACHER OLIVER , HAWKS CYNTHIA , HAYNE DICKON 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose
This study aimed to examine the feasibility and potential efficacy of presurgical exercise in patients with bladder cancer scheduled for open radical cystectomy with follow-up postsurgery.

Methods
Prospective single-group design with assessments at baseline, presurgery, and 3 months postsurgery was used in this study. Multimodal supervised resistance and aerobic exercise was undertaken 2–3 d·wk−1 at moderate intensity for a median of 3.5 wk (interquartile range [IQR] = 1.3–5.6). Feasibility was assessed by recruitment and completion rates, patient safety, program tolerance, adherence, and compliance. Lean and fat mass were assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, physical function by a battery of tests (chest press and leg press strength, 6-min walk test [6MWT], timed up-and-go, repeated chair rise), and quality of life (QoL), psychological distress, and body image by questionnaire. Hospital length of stay (LOS) and complications were assessed by medical records.

Results
Thirty-seven patients were referred with 20 recruited (67.3 ± 12.2 yr) and a presurgery intervention completion rate of 80% (16 of 20). The individual median program adherence was 100.0% (IQR = 89.4–100.0) with compliance of 100.0% (IQR = 90.5–100.0) for resistance exercise and 81.8% (IQR = 55.0–99.5) for aerobic exercise. There were no exercise-related adverse events. Body composition did not change presurgery; however, there were improvements (P < 0.05) in leg press strength (16%), 6MWT distance (8%), timed up-and-go (12%), chair rise (10%), and multiple QoL domains including mental health. Median LOS was 8.0 d (IQR = 7.0, 15.0). Postsurgery, there were declines in components of QoL and apparent body image dissatisfaction.

Conclusions
A preradical cystectomy exercise program is feasible, safe, and well tolerated with improvements in physical function and QoL. Supervised multimodal exercise in bladder cancer patients before cystectomy can enhance physical and mental health potentially buffering the effects of surgery.
Effect of vital bleaching on surface roughness and microhardness of nanofilled and nanohybrid composite resins
Authors: Chakraborty Anindita , Purayil Tina , Ginjupalli Kishore , Pentapati Kalyana-Chakravarthy , Shenoy Neetha 
Published: February 2023

Background: To compare the surface roughness and microhardness of Ceram.x® SphereTEC™ one and Filtek Z350 XT after in-office vital bleaching with Pola office. Methods: A total of 20 samples of 10 mm diameter and 2 mm height of Ceram.x® SphereTEC™ one and Filtek Z350 XT were prepared. The samples were subjected to two bleaching sessions with 35% hydrogen peroxide (Pola office) with a seven-day interval between each session. Surface roughness and microhardness of the prepared samples prior to and after the bleaching regimen were measured using a profilometer and Vickers hardness tester, respectively. Results: A significant reduction (p <0.001) in the surface hardness of Filtek Z350 XT from 26.67 ± 2.10 to 17.83 ± 1.36 Vickers hardness number (VHN) was observed after the bleaching whereas no significant reduction in surface hardness was observed with Ceram.x® SphereTEC™ one. However, in-office bleaching of these materials did not significantly alter their surface roughness. Conclusions: The effect of in-office bleaching on the surface hardness of resin composites seem to vary due to variations in the composition of dental composites such as filler loading. Among the composites tested, in office bleaching of Ceram.x® SphereTEC™ did not result in significant changes in its surface hardness and roughness.
AFFECTIVE DISORDERS IN MEN WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION IN COMBINATION WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME
Authors: Yaskevich Roman A. , Moskalenko Olga L. 
Published: February 2023

Purpose. To study the features of affective disorders in men with arterial hypertension in combination with metabolic syndrome.
Materials and methods. 172 men with hypertension examined, including 106 patients with metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome verification carried out according to the clinical recommendations of the All-Russian Scientific Society of Cardiology in 2009. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) used to identify and assess the severity of affective disorders.
Results. The study of the individual severity of anxiety among the surveyed men with hypertension showed that elevated levels of anxiety generally detected in 14.6% of the surveyed men with metabolic syndrome. Anxiety disorders subclinically pronounced in 12,2% of the surveyed men in this group, and clinically pronounced anxiety found in 2,4% of the surveyed. Elevated levels of depression in general detected in 18,3% of the surveyed men with metabolic syndrome. At the same time, almost 11,0% of the surveyed men in this group had depressive disorders of a subclinically pronounced nature, and clinically pronounced depression occurred in 7,3% of the surveyed.
Conclusion. The frequency of affective disorders in men with hypertension did not depend on the presence of metabolic syndrome. The most frequent variant of metabolic syndrome in the group of men with an increased level of anxiety was four–component (58,3%), and in the group with an increased level of depression - three-component (42,8%). Among men with metabolic syndrome with both elevated levels of anxiety and elevated levels of depression, 3- and 4-component combinations of metabolic syndrome more often detected.
Fast-onset effects of Pseudospondias microcarpa (A. Rich) Engl. (Anacardiaceae) hydroethanolic leaf extract on behavioral alterations induced by chronic mild stress in mice
Authors: Adongo Donatus Wewura , Mante Priscilla Kolibea , Kukuia Kennedy Kwami Edem , Benneh Charles Kwaku , Biney Robert Peter , Boakye-Gyasi Eric , Amekyeh Hilda , Harley Benjamin Kingsley , Tandoh Augustine , Okyere Prince Dagadu , Woode Eric 
Published: February 2023

Introduction
Pseudospondias microcarpa (Anacardiaceae) is a plant widely used traditionally for treating various central nervous system disorders. A previous study in our laboratory confirmed that the hydroethanolic leaf extract (PME) of the plant produces an antidepressant-like effect in rodent models of behavioral despair. However, its effect on depressive-like behavior induced by chronic mild stress (CMS) and its time course of action are still unknown. In this context, the long-term effects of PME on cognitive function and depressive- and anxiety-like behavior caused by CMS were assessed.

Methods
Male ICR mice were exposed to CMS for nine weeks and anhedonia was evaluated by monitoring sucrose intake (SIT) weekly. PME (30, 100, or 300 mg kg-1) or fluoxetine (FLX) (3, 10, or 30 mg kg-1) was administered to the mice during the last six weeks of CMS. Behavioral tests—coat state, splash test, forced swimming test (FST), tail suspension test (TST), elevated plus maze (EPM), open field test (OFT), novelty suppressed feeding (NSF), EPM transfer latency, and Morris water maze (MWM)—were performed after the nine-week CMS period.

Results
When the mice were exposed to CMS, their SIT and grooming behavior reduced (splash test), their coat status was poor, they became more immobile (FST and TST), more anxious (OFT, EPM, and NSF), and their cognitive function was compromised (EPM transfer latency and MWM tests). Chronic PME treatment, however, was able to counteract these effects. Additionally, following two (2) weeks of treatment, PME significantly boosted SIT in stressed mice (30 mg kg-1, P<0.05; 100 mg kg-1, P<0.05; and 300 mg kg-1, P<0.001), as compared to four (4) weeks of treatment with FLX.

Conclusion
The present findings demonstrate that PME produces a rapid and sustained antidepressant-like action and reverses behavioral changes induced by chronic exposure to mild stressors.
Molecular forms of the Indian Anopheles subpictus complex differ in their susceptibility to insecticides and the presence of knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel
Authors: Sindhania Ankita , Lohani Himanshu P. , Kona Madhavinadha Prasad , Kaur Taranjeet , Kaushal B. R. , Singh Om P. 
Published: February 2023

Objectives
To investigate the differential insecticide-susceptibility of two molecular forms of Anopheles subpictus complex (A and B) against DDT and pyrethroids, the occurrence of knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations in these forms, and the association of kdr mutations with insecticide resistance.

Methods
Insecticide susceptibility tests of An. subpictus s.l., collected from coastal and inland areas of mainland India, were performed against DDT, permethrin and deltamethrin using the WHO standard insecticide susceptibility test kit. The mosquitoes were characterized for molecular forms using a diagnostic PCR developed in this study. Representative samples of An. subpictus molecular forms A and B were sequenced for a genomic region encompassing the IIS4-5 linker to the IIS6 segments of the voltage-gated sodium channel to identify kdr mutations. A common PIRA-PCR was developed for identifying L1014F-kdr mutation and used for genotyping in both molecular forms of An. subpictus.

Results
Molecular form A of An. subpictus was resistant to all three insecticides, i.e., DDT, Permethrin and deltamethrin, whereas Form B was categorized as ‘possibly resistant’ to these insecticides. Significantly higher mortalities in WHO insecticide susceptibility tests were recorded in Form B compared to Form A in sympatric populations. Molecular characterization of the IIS4-5 linker to IIS-6 segments of the voltage-gated sodium channel revealed the presence of two alternative nucleotide transversions at L1014 residue in Form A, both leading to the same amino acid change, i.e., Leu-to-Phe; however, such mutations could not be observed in Form B. PIRA-PCR-based kdr-genotyping of field populations revealed high frequencies of L1014F-kdr mutations in Form A and the absence of this mutation in Form B. The proportion of L1014F mutation was significantly higher in resistant mosquitoes following insecticide-bioassay with DDT (p<0.0001), permethrin (p<0.001) and deltamethrin (p<0.01) as compared to their susceptible counterparts.

Conclusions
Significant differences in insecticide susceptibility were found between two molecular forms of An. subpictus complex in sympatric populations. The L1014F-kdr mutation was observed in Form A only, which was found to be associated with DDT, permethrin and deltamethrin resistance.
Patient satisfaction among persons living with HIV/AIDS and receiving antiretroviral therapy in urban Uganda: A factor analysis
Authors: Sekandi Juliet Nabbuye , Castellanos Maria Eugenia , Woldu Henok , Kakaire Robert , Mutembo Simon , Mutanga Jane Namangolwa 
Published: February 2023

Introduction
Patient satisfaction is an important predictor of health outcomes among patients in HIV/AIDS treatment and care, yet it is rarely measured in routine clinic settings in most of Africa. The aims of our study were to evaluate the internal validity and reliability of the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems instrument for measuring satisfaction, assess the general level of patient satisfaction, and identify the factors associated with the level of satisfaction among patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in Uganda.

Materials and methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study of 475 HIV/AIDS-infected patients from July to August 2015 in Kampala, Uganda. Eligible participants were 18 years or older, consented to the study and receiving antiretroviral therapy and outpatient care at the selected public health clinic. This study used a modified version of the validated Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) instrument to assess the level of satisfaction among HIV/AIDS patients receiving outpatient care. We collected data on socio-demographics, clinical variables and 18-items adapted from the CAHPS instrument rating satisfaction with aspects of health services. We conducted an exploratory factor analysis to assess the internal validity of the 18 items and multiple linear regression analysis of factors associated with patient satisfaction with care.

Results
Majority of the respondents were females (76.8%), and the mean age was 37 years (SD = 10). The modified CAHPS instrument had high internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.94) for measuring satisfaction with HIV/AIDS care. Female sex (p = 0.016), perceived providers’ technical and interpersonal skills (p = 0.022), emotional health (p = 0.032), and quality of reception services (p<0.001) were significantly associated with satisfaction in this urban HIV/AIDS public clinic.

Conclusion
The reliability of the CAHPS instrument was high for measuring satisfaction. Providers’ technical and interpersonal skills, and the quality of reception services are key to achieving patient satisfaction. Health system interventions to address the gaps identified will enhance the quality of patient-centered HIV/AIDS care in the Ugandan setting.
Ten-Day Vonoprazan-Amoxicillin Dual Therapy as a First-Line Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection Compared With Bismuth-Containing Quadruple Therapy
Authors: Qian Hai-Sheng , Li Wen-Jie , Dang Yi-Ni , Li Lu-Rong , Xu Xiao-Bing , Yuan Lin , Zhang Wei-Feng , Yang Zhen , Gao Xin , Zhang Min , Li Xuan , Zhang Guo-Xin 
Published: February 2023

INTRODUCTION:
No study has investigated the efficacy and safety of vonoprazan-amoxicillin dual therapy compared with bismuth quadruple therapy (B-quadruple). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of 10-day vonoprazan-amoxicillin dual therapy as a first-line treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection compared with B-quadruple and to explore the optimal dosage of amoxicillin in the dual therapy.

METHODS:
A total of 375 treatment-naive, H. pylori-infected subjects were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio into 3 regimen groups including VHA-dual (vonoprazan 20 mg twice/day + amoxicillin 750 mg 4 times/day), VA-dual (vonoprazan 20 mg + amoxicillin 1,000 mg twice/day), and B-quadruple (esomeprazole 20 mg + bismuth 200 mg + amoxicillin 1,000 mg + clarithromycin 500 mg twice/day). Eradication rates, adverse events (AEs), and compliance were compared between 3 groups.

RESULTS:
The eradication rates of B-quadruple, VHA-dual, and VA-dual were 90.9%, 93.4%, and 85.1%, respectively, by per-protocol analysis; 89.4%, 92.7%, and 84.4%, respectively, by modified intention-to-treat analysis; 88.0%, 91.2%, and 82.4%, respectively, by intention-to-treat analysis. The efficacy of the VHA-dual group was not inferior to the B-quadruple group (P < 0.001), but VA-dual did not reach a noninferiority margin of −10%. The AEs rates of the B-quadruple group were significantly higher than those of the VHA-dual (P = 0.012) and VA-dual (P = 0.001) groups. There was no significant difference in medication compliance among 3 treatment groups (P = 0.995).

CONCLUSIONS:
The 10-day VHA-dual therapy provided satisfactory eradication rates of >90%, lower AEs rates, and similar adherence compared with B-quadruple therapy as a first-line therapy for H. pylori infection. However, the efficacy of VA-dual therapy was not acceptable.
Impact of Chronotherapy on 6-Mercaptopurine Metabolites in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Pilot Crossover Trial
Authors: Swanson Garth R. , Biglin Mary , Raff Hannah , Chouhan Vijit , Jochum Sarah , Shaikh Maliha , Francey Lauren , Bishehsari Faraz , Hogenesch John , Keshavarzian Ali 
Published: February 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Chronotherapy is the timing of medication according to biological rhythms of the host to optimize drug efficacy and minimize toxicity. Efficacy and myelosuppression of azathioprine/6-mercaptopurine (AZA/6-MP) are correlated with the metabolite 6-thioguanine, while the metabolite 6-methylmercaptopurine correlates with hepatotoxicity.

METHODS:
This was a single-center, 10-week prospective crossover trial involving 26 participants with inactive inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) on a stable dose and time of AZA or 6-MP therapy. Participants were switched to the opposite delivery time (morning or evening) for 10 weeks, and metabolite measurements were at both time points.

RESULTS:
In the morning vs evening dosing, 6-thioguanine levels were 225.7 ± 155.1 vs 175.0 ± 106.9 (P < 0.01), and 6-methylmercaptopurine levels were 825.1 ± 1,023.3 vs 2,395.3 ± 2,880.3 (P < 0.01), with 69% (18 out of 26) of participants had better metabolite profiles in the morning. Participants with optimal dosing in the morning had an earlier chronotype by corrected midpoint of sleep.

DISCUSSION:
In the first study on a potential role of chronotherapy in IBD, we found (i) morning dosing of AZA or 6-MP resulted in more optimal metabolite profiles and (ii) host chronotype could help identify one-third of patients who would benefit from evening dosing. Circadian regulation of metabolic enzymes of AZA/6-MP activity in the liver is the likely cause of these differences. This pilot study confirms the need to incorporate chronotherapy in future multicenter clinical trials on IBD disease.
Automated In Vivo High-Resolution Imaging to Detect Human Papillomavirus–Associated Anal Precancer in Persons Living With HIV
Authors: Brenes David , Kortum Alex , Carns Jennifer , Mutetwa Tinaye , Schwarz Richard , Liu Yuxin , Sigel Keith , Richards-Kortum Rebecca , Anandasabapathy Sharmila , Gaisa Michael , Chiao Elizabeth 
Published: February 2023

INTRODUCTION:
In the United States, the effectiveness of anal cancer screening programs has been limited by a lack of trained professionals proficient in high-resolution anoscopy (HRA) and a high patient lost-to-follow-up rate between diagnosis and treatment. Simplifying anal intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or more severe (AIN 2+) detection could radically improve the access and efficiency of anal cancer prevention. Novel optical imaging providing point-of-care diagnoses could substantially improve existing HRA and histology-based diagnosis. This work aims to demonstrate the potential of high-resolution microendoscopy (HRME) coupled with a novel machine learning algorithm for the automated, in vivo diagnosis of anal precancer.

METHODS:
The HRME, a fiber-optic fluorescence microscope, was used to capture real-time images of anal squamous epithelial nuclei. Nuclear staining is achieved using 0.01% wt/vol proflavine, a topical contrast agent. HRME images were analyzed by a multitask deep learning network (MTN) that computed the probability of AIN 2+ for each HRME image.

RESULTS:
The study accrued data from 77 people living with HIV. The MTN achieved an area under the receiver operating curve of 0.84 for detection of AIN 2+. At the AIN 2+ probability cutoff of 0.212, the MTN achieved comparable performance to expert HRA impression with a sensitivity of 0.92 (P = 0.68) and specificity of 0.60 (P = 0.48) when using histopathology as the gold standard.

DISCUSSION:
When used in combination with HRA, this system could facilitate more selective biopsies and promote same-day AIN2+ treatment options by enabling real-time diagnosis.
Pencegah Penyalahgunaan Izin Tinggal Kunjungan Warga Negara Asing Oleh Kantor Imigrasi Semarang
Authors: Ninage Mega Bintang , Diamantina Amalia 
Published: February 2023

Setiap negara mempunyai tatanan dan kewenangan sendiri untuk mengatur batas izin tinggal bagi warga negara asing. Tidak menutup kemungkinann warga negara asing melakukan penyalahgunaan batas waktu izin tinggal demi mewujudkan kepentingan pribadi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis tugas dan kewenangan Kantor Imigrasi Semarang dalam melakukan pencegahan terhadap pelanggaran batas izin tinggal kunjungan warga negara asing. Metode yang digunakan adalah hukum empiris yakni didasarkan fakta-fakta yang diperoleh dari hasil hasil wawancara yang dilakukan dengan pihak Imigrasi Semarang. Penelitian ini menunjukan adanya kendala dalam mencegah penyalahgunaan Izin Tinggal Kunjungan seperti wilayah Kota Semarang yang cukup luas yang mengakibatkan keterbatasan jangkauan pengawasan terhadap WNA, kurangnya jumlah pekerja dari pihak Imigrasi, kurangnya komunikasi dua arah atau lemahnya koordinasi di antara instansi terkait, minim partisipasi dari masyarakat untuk melapor dan membantu pihak Imigrasi mencegah penyalahgunaan Izin Tinggal Kunjungan warga Negara Asing.