bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on perioperative chemotherapy for breast cancer
Authors: Baba Kaede , Kawamoto Megumi , Mamishin Kanako , Uematsu Mao , Kiyohara Hikari , Hirota Akira , Takahashi Nobuyuki , Fukuda Misao , Kusuhara Shota , Nakajima Hiromichi , Funasaka Chikako , Nakao Takehiro , Kondoh Chihiro , Harano Kenichi , Matsubara Nobuaki , Naito Yoichi , Hosono Ako , Kawasaki Toshikatsu , Mukohara Toru 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundSince it was first reported in December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) spread rapidly across the globe resulting in a pandemic. As of August 2022, seven outbreak peaks have been confirmed in Tokyo, and the numbers of new cases in the fifth and later outbreak periods have been far greater than in the preceding periods. This retrospective study examined the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on perioperative chemotherapy for breast cancer.MethodsPatients with breast cancer who received perioperative chemotherapy at the National Cancer Center Hospital East were divided into 2 groups: 120 and 384 patients who started chemotherapy before and during the pandemic, respectively. The incidence of critical events that had potential detrimental effects on the prognosis, such as start of adjuvant chemotherapy ≥91 days after surgery and relative dose intensity of chemotherapy <85% were compared between groups.ResultsNo significant difference in the incidence of critical events was found. When stratified by outbreak period, the incidence of critical events was positively correlated with the increasing number of new cases of COVID‐19 (r = 0.83, p = 0.04). Moreover, 25/173 patients (14%) who started perioperative chemotherapy during the fifth and sixth outbreak periods developed COVID‐19 infection, 80% of whom (20/25) had a delay or interruption to their surgery or other perioperative treatments.ConclusionsAlthough the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on perioperative chemotherapy on whole groups of patients was not evident when comparing periods before and after the pandemic, the impact is becoming prominent in parallel with increasing numbers of new COVID‐19 cases.
Can NbO Keep nbo Topology under Electrons? –Unveiling Novel Aspects of Niobium Monoxide at the Atomic Scale
Authors: Li Chengmin , Li Junyan , Zhou Yi , Zhang Qing , Mayoral Alvaro , Li Gang , Terasaki Osamu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA precise investigation of NbO has been carried out by advanced electron microscopy combined with powder and single crystal X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The structure of pristine NbO has been determined as Pm‐3 m space group (SG) with a = 4.211 Å and the positions of Nb and O at the 3c and 3d Wyckoff positions, respectively, which is consistent with previous report based on powder XRD data. Electron beams induced a structural transition, which was investigated and explained by combining electron diffraction and atomic‐resolution imaging. The results revealed that the electron beam stimulated both Nb and O atom‐migrations within each fcc sublattice, and that the final structure was SG Fm‐3 m with a = 4.29 Å, Nb and O at the 4a and 4b with 75 % occupancy and same chemical composition. Antiphase planar defects were discovered in the pristine NbO and related to the structural transformation. Theoretical calculations performed by density functional theory (DFT) supported the experimental conclusions.
Stretching the Bisalkyne Raman Spectral Palette Reveals a New Electrophilic Covalent Motif
Authors: Ravindra Manasa Punaha , Lee Martin , Dimova Silviya , Steven Craig F. , Bluntzer Marie T. J. , Brunton Valerie G. , Hulme Alison N. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSmall heteroaryl‐diyne (Het‐DY) tags with distinct vibrational frequencies, and physiologically relevant cLog P were designed for multiplexed bioorthogonal Raman imaging. Pd−Cu catalyzed coupling, combined with the use of Lei ligand, was shown to improve overall yields of the desired heterocoupled Het‐DY tags, minimizing the production of homocoupled side‐products. Spectral data were in agreement with the trends predicted by DFT calculations and systematic introduction of electron‐ rich/poor rings stretched the frequency limit of aryl‐capped diynes (2209–2243 cm−1). The improved Log P of these Het‐DY tags was evident from their diffuse distribution in cellular uptake studies and functionalizing tags with organelle markers allowed the acquisition of location‐specific biological images. LC–MS‐ and NMR‐based assays showed that some heteroaryl‐capped internal alkynes are potential nucleophile traps with structure‐dependent reactivity. These biocompatible Het‐DY tags, equipped with covalent reactivity, open up new avenues for Raman bioorthogonal imaging.
Data security techniques in cloud computing based on machine learning algorithms and cryptographic algorithms: Lightweight algorithms and genetics algorithms
Authors: Thabit Fursan , Can Ozgu , Wani Rizwan Uz Zaman , Qasem Mohammed Ali , Thorat S. B. , Alkhzaimi Hoda A. 
Published: April 2023

SummaryCloud computing (CC) refers to the on‐demand availability of network resources, particularly data storage and processing power, without requiring special or direct administration by users. CC, which just made its debut as a collection of public and private data centers, provides clients with a unified platform throughout the Internet. Cloud computing has revolutionized the world, opening up new horizons with bright potential due to its performance, accessibility, low cost, and many other benefits. Due to the exponential rise of cloud computing, systems based on cloud computing now require an effective data security mechanism. Comprehensive security policies, corporate security culture, and cloud security solutions are used to ensure the level of cloud data security. Many techniques exist to protect data communication in the cloud environment, including encryption. Encryption algorithms play an important role in information security systems and various cloud computing‐based systems. Current researchers have focused on lightweight cryptography, genetics‐based cryptography, and machine learning (ML) algorithms for security in CC. This review study analyses CC security threats, problems, and solutions that use one or more algorithms. The work discusses several lightweight cryptographies, genetics‐based cryptography and different ML algorithms that are used to overcome cloud security issues, including supervised, unsupervised, semi‐supervised, and reinforcement learning. Moreover, we enlist future research directions to secure CC models.
Design and evaluation of ultra‐fast 8‐bit approximate multipliers using novel multicolumn inexact compressors
Authors: Karimi Fereshteh , Faghih Mirzaee Reza , Fakeri‐Tabrizi Ali , Roohi Arman 
Published: April 2023

SummaryA multiplier, as a key component in many different applications, is a time‐consuming, energy‐intensive computation block. Approximate computing is a practical design paradigm that attempts to improve hardware efficacy while keeping computation quality satisfactory. A novel multicolumn 3,3:2 inexact compressor is presented in this paper. It takes three partial products from two adjacent columns each for rapid partial product reduction. The proposed inexact compressor and its derivatives enable us to design a high‐speed approximate multiplier. Then, another ultra‐fast, high‐efficient approximate multiplier is achieved by utilizing a systematic truncation strategy. The proposed multipliers accumulate partial products in only two stages, one fewer stage than other approximate multipliers in the literature. Implementation results by the Synopsys Design Compiler and 45 nm technology node demonstrate nearly 11.11% higher speed for the second proposed design over the fastest existing approximate multiplier. Furthermore, the new approximate multipliers are applied to the image processing application of image sharpening, and their performance in this application is highly satisfactory. It is shown in this paper that the error pattern of an approximate multiplier, in addition to the mean error distance and error rate, has a direct effect on the outcomes of the image processing application.
Food insecurity and binge‐eating disorder in early adolescence
Authors: Nagata Jason M. , Chu Jonathan , Cervantez Levi , Ganson Kyle T. , Testa Alexander , Jackson Dylan B. , Murray Stuart B. , Weiser Sheri D. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveFood insecurity is defined as lack of consistent access to adequate food for healthy living. The objective of this study was to determine the associations between food insecurity and binge‐eating disorder in a national cohort of 9‐ to 14‐year‐old children.MethodWe analyzed prospective cohort data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (N = 10,035, 2016–2020). Logistic regression analyses estimated the associations between food insecurity at baseline, year 1, or year 2 (exposure) and binge eating, subclinical binge‐eating disorder (Other Specified Feeding and Eating Disorder‐Binge‐Eating Disorder [OSFED‐BED]), and binge‐eating disorder (BED) (outcome) based on the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (KSADS‐5) at 2‐year follow‐up.ResultsThe prevalence of food insecurity in the study was 15.8%. At 2‐year follow‐up, 1.71% of the sample received a diagnosis of BED or OSFED‐BED, while 6.62% reported binge eating. Food insecurity was associated with 1.67 higher odds of BED or OSFED‐BED (95% CI 1.04–2.69) and 1.31 higher odds of binge‐eating symptoms (95% CI 1.01–1.71).DiscussionFood insecurity in early adolescence is associated with higher odds of developing future binge‐eating and BED or OSFED‐BED. Clinicians may consider assessing for binge eating in adolescents with food insecurity and provide support in accessing appropriate food resources.Public SignificancePrior research has shown that food insecurity is associated with disordered eating behaviors, including binge eating in adulthood. This study explored whether food insecurity in early adolescence increases risk for developing binge‐eating disorder (BED). Targeted screening for BED in adolescents experiencing FI, and vice versa, may be warranted.
Evaluation of genetic diversity in an endangered fish Gnathopogon caerulescens using environmental DNA and its potential use in fish conservation
Authors: Wakimura Kei , Uchii Kimiko , Kikko Takeshi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGnathopogon caerulescens, an endemic fish of Lake Biwa, Japan, is one of the most important fishes for lake fisheries. It has been listed as an endangered species following its population decline in the 1990s and thus needs conservation. An increasing number of studies have recently stressed on the importance of incorporating genetic diversity for conservation purposes. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the mitochondrial DNA haplotype composition of G. caerulescens using environmental DNA (eDNA) to determine the genetic diversity of this species. We developed an eDNA‐based haplotyping approach using high‐throughput sequencing (HTS), which can accurately detect and eliminate erroneous HTS reads, even when the target sequences are differentiated by a single or a few mismatches. Field surveys using the developed method successfully revealed the genetic structure of local G. caerulescens populations. We found star‐shaped haplotype networks with two major haplotypes accompanied by several rare haplotypes for all local populations except one, which suggested that the G. caerulescens population had undergone a historical expansion, and its population size did not shrink to the extent that rare haplotypes were eliminated during the population decline in the 1990s. We also observed that the genetic diversity was lower in the northern populations in terms of haplotype number and haplotype diversity (h), suggesting that the decline in population was more severe in the north than in the south. We demonstrated the practical use of eDNA analysis in population genetics of endangered species. Continuous monitoring using this approach would facilitate the conservation and management of fish resources.
Accuracy verification of optical fingerprinting methods in sediment tracing study
Authors: Chen Dan , Dai Wei , Li Mengjie , Wang Bing , Zeng Yi , Ni Lingshan , Fang Nufang , Shi Zhihua 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSediment fingerprints have been widely used in source identification studies. Optical features have become a powerful substitute for traditional fingerprints in recent years due to their fast measurement and low analysis costs. However, the accuracy of optical fingerprinting methods has received little attention. Here, artificial mixing and indoor scouring experiments were carried out to compare and assess the accuracy of optical fingerprinting results using three spectroscopic ranges [visible (VIS), near‐infrared (NIR), and mid‐infrared (MIR) spectroscopy] in multivariate models and using 19 colour parameters [such as red (R), green (G) and blue (B) in an RGB system; virtual component X (X), brightness (Y) and virtual component Z (Z) in a CIE XYZ system and so on] coupled with the conventional method. Furthermore, we examined how sediment sorting (particle sorting and organic matter enrichment) affects the accuracy of source apportionments. The results showed that VIS, NIR and MIR spectroscopic tracers presented high accuracy in scouring and artificial mixtures, with mean absolute error (MAE) values of 4.98% and 5.91%. In contrast, the colour parameters had weak performances in two experiments (MAE = 16.83% and 15.05%). Additionally, similar fingerprinting results of the scouring mixtures (MAE = 7.95%) and artificial mixtures (MAE = 8.20%) indicated that slight particle sorting and organic matter enrichment have little effect on the accuracy of optical fingerprinting results. Our study shows that sediment fingerprinting based on optical features, especially three spectroscopic ranges, has good applicability in sediment source identification.
Exploring profiles of hormone exposure: Associations with cognition in a population‐based cohort of early adolescents
Authors: Chaku Natasha , Barry Kelly 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDuring adolescence, increases in pubertal hormones lead to reproductive maturity as well as changes in cognitive development. Yet, little is known about how to best characterize interindividual differences in hormone concentrations. The goal of the current study was to examine the antecedents and consequences of membership in empirically derived hormone profiles. Data were drawn from 10,816 youth (48.1% female, Mage = 9.91, SDage = 0.63) in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Latent profile analysis (LPA) stratified by sex was used to derive hormone profiles using basal testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone and estradiol (girls only). Eight profiles (four female profiles and four male profiles) were identified. They primarily represented differences in hormone levels (e.g., low hormonal milieus vs. high hormonal milieus), but also reflected discordance (e.g., high estradiol versus. high testosterone). There were limited sociodemographic differences, particularly after correcting for multiple comparisons, but youth with higher hormone milieus exhibited better inhibitory control, visuospatial processing and decision‐making skills even after adjusting for age, pubertal status and demographic data. Thus, youth‐centered approaches that focus on patterns of individual characteristics suggest that hormonal markers may provide unique information about associations between biological and cognitive development.Highlights
Latent profile analysis was used to derive constellations of testosterone, DHEA and estradiol (girls only) in a population sample of early adolescents.
Hormonal milieus were indexed by four female and four male profiles, varying primarily in hormone levels (i.e., low, average or high hormonal milieus), but also exhibiting some discordance (i.e., high DHEA, high testosterone, or high estradiol).
Higher pubertal status was typically associated with higher hormone levels, but pubertal status did not always differentiate between profiles that exhibited discordance.
In general, youth in profiles with higher hormone levels had better inhibitory control, visuospatial processing and decision‐making skills 2 years later compared to those in profiles with lower hormone levels.
Cover Image
Authors: da Silva Batista Beatriz , da Silva Luzeli Moreira , de Menezes Alan Silva , Barbosa Corrêa Luana , Cruz Rosas Elaine , Santos‐Oliveira Ralph , Mendes Fernando , Macêdo Ana Angélica M. , Rebelo Alencar Luciana M. 
Published: April 2023

The cover image is based on the Research Article Physical, morphological and bioactive properties of Co–Cr–W–Ta alloys: Influence of insertion of tantalum and surface thermochemical treatment on bioactivity by Beatriz da Silva Batista et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35229image
Strengthening HIV and HIV co‐morbidity care in low‐ and middle‐income countries: insights from behavioural economics to improve healthcare worker behaviour
Authors: Mishra Anant , Mabuto Tonderai , Shearer Kate , Trujillo Antonio , Golub Jonathan E. , Hoffmann Christopher J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionDespite advances in HIV and HIV co‐morbidity service delivery, substantial challenges remain in translating evidence‐based interventions into routine practice to bring optimal care and prevention to all populations. While barriers to successful implementation are often multifactorial, healthcare worker behaviour is critical for on‐the‐ground and in‐clinic service delivery. Implementation science offers a systematic approach to understanding service delivery, including approaches to overcoming delivery gaps. Behavioural economics is a field that seeks to understand when and how behaviour deviates from traditional models of decision‐making, deviations which are described as biases. Clinical policies and implementation strategies that incorporate an understanding of behavioural economics can add to implementation science approaches and play an important role in bridging the gap between healthcare worker knowledge and service delivery.DiscussionIn HIV care in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs), potential behavioural economic strategies that may be utilized alone or in conjunction with more traditional approaches include using choice architecture to exploit status quo bias and reduce the effects of cognitive load, overcoming the impact of anchoring and availability bias through tailored clinical training and clinical mentoring, reducing the effects of present bias by changing the cost–benefit calculus of interventions with few short‐term benefits and leveraging social norms through peer comparison. As with any implementation strategy, understanding the local context and catalysts of behaviour is crucial for success.ConclusionsAs the focus of HIV care shifts beyond the goal of initiating patients on antiretroviral therapy to a more general retention in high‐quality care to support longevity and quality of life, there is an increasing need for innovation to achieve improved care delivery and management. Clinical policies and implementation strategies that incorporate elements of behavioural economic theory, alongside local testing and adaptation, may increase the delivery of evidence‐based interventions and improve health outcomes for people living with HIV in LMIC settings.
JUSTICE IN CORPORATE CONTEXTS IS NEW
Authors: Winters Mary‐Frances 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe author writes that “Justice is a new term in the diversity lexicon, especially in the corporate world.” She further explains that “while diversity is about increasing the representation of underrepresented groups in the workplace and inclusion is about ensuring that everyone has a voice, equity is about acknowledging different needs, and justice is about correcting past harm.” In defining justice in this context, she notes that many people would call on the term fairness. But the latter “is subjective and is almost always interpreted from an interpersonal lens…you in relation to others.” Justice is “distributive (determining who gets what), procedural (determining how fairly people are treated), retributive (determining how people are punished for wrongdoing), contributive (everyone has the right to contribute to how society operates) and restorative (repairing what is broken and compensating victims for past harm).” For implementing justice‐centered approaches in the workplace, Winters advises: “First, we must acknowledge the existence of a white supremacy culture that minimizes or weaponizes other ways of doing and being. Next, organizations should conduct a comprehensive audit that goes beyond tracking Human Resources/HR metrics like hiring, promotions, and terminations to understand all the underlying systems that uphold the status quo and continue to perpetuate harm.”
The role and prospect of lysine‐specific demethylases in cancer chemoresistance
Authors: Song Ying‐Qi , Yang Guan‐Jun , Ma Dik‐Lung , Wang Wanhe , Leung Chung‐Hang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHistone methylation plays a key function in modulating gene expression, and preserving genome integrity and epigenetic inheritance. However, aberrations of histone methylation are commonly observed in human diseases, especially cancer. Lysine methylation mediated by histone methyltransferases can be reversed by lysine demethylases (KDMs), which remove methyl marks from histone lysine residues. Currently, drug resistance is a main impediment for cancer therapy. KDMs have been found to mediate drug tolerance of many cancers via altering the metabolic profile of cancer cells, upregulating the ratio of cancer stem cells and drug‐tolerant genes, and promoting the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and metastatic ability. Moreover, different cancers show distinct oncogenic addictions for KDMs. The abnormal activation or overexpression of KDMs can alter gene expression signatures to enhance cell survival and drug resistance in cancer cells. In this review, we describe the structural features and functions of KDMs, the KDMs preferences of different cancers, and the mechanisms of drug resistance resulting from KDMs. We then survey KDM inhibitors that have been used for combating drug resistance in cancer, and discuss the opportunities and challenges of KDMs as therapeutic targets for cancer drug resistance.
Life on the edge: Animal exploitation at the Shichengzi military fort (Xinjiang, China)
Authors: Dong Ningning , Sun Chen , Zhu Xuchu , Tian Xiaohong , Wu Yong , Luo Yahao , Zhou Yuxuan , Yuan Jing 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWith the Han dynasty's imperial expansion to the west, Xinjiang became a frontier region for political negotiation, military conflict, and cultural contact. The recent excavation at Shichengzi military fort has rendered an opportunity to examine animal exploitation in the empire's frontiers. The results of our zooarchaeological analysis suggest that meat production primarily relied on caprines and cattle. Horses, donkeys, and camels were exploited for labor. Pig husbandry was a novel addition to the local agropastoral regime, and pork became a signature food particular to the identity of the garrison community. A “meat‐not‐milk” dietary preference also underscores this cultural identity. Animal exploitation was a combined result of subsistence adaptation and military reinforcement. Our work further highlights the tension between the flexible husbandry strategy adapted to the new environment and the conservative culinary attitude held by immigrants toward certain new foods. This case study helps contextualize the interaction and integration of different ways of life.