bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ruizhongite, (Ag2☐)Pb3Ge2S8, a thiogermanate mineral from the Wusihe Pb-Zn deposit, Sichuan Province, Southwest China
Authors: Meng Yu-Miao , Gu Xiangping , Meng Songning , Huang Xiao-Wen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Ruizhongite (IMA2022-066), (Ag2☐)Pb3Ge2S8, is a thiogermanate of economic importance discovered in the Wusihe Pb-Zn deposit in Sichuan Province, southwestern China. This mineral occurs as anhedral grains 1–10 μm in size. It is gray and opaque, with a metallic luster and black streak, closely associated with galena and pyrite in a sphalerite matrix. Under reflected light, it displays a greenish-gray color without internal reflection. Its reflectance values in air (R %) based on SiC as the reference material are 30.5, 32.2, 34, and 34.1 for corresponding wavelengths of 650, 589, 470, and 546 nm, respectively. According to the average of 18 electron microprobe analyses, Pb (57.37 wt%), S (21.39 wt%), Ge (11.53 wt%), Ag (7.34 wt%), Zn (1.57 wt%), and Fe (0.27 wt%) constitute 99.46 wt% of ruizhongite. The empirical formula based on the 8 S apfu is (Ag0.82Pb0.32Zn0.28Fe0.06)Σ1.48Pb3Ge1.9S8, and (Ag2☐)Pb3Ge2S8 is its ideal formula. Ruizhongite displays a cubic structure, space group I43d (#220), with the unit-cell parameters a = 14.0559(2), V = 2777.00(7), Z = 8, and the calculated density is 5.706 g/cm3. The strongest powder X-ray diffraction lines [d in Å (I) (hkl)] are 3.755 (100) (123), 3.511 (76) (004), 2.992 (73) (233), 2.574 (21) (125), 2.482 (79) (044), 2.276 (46) (235), 1.784 (39) (237), and 2.075 (24) (136). The structure of ruizhongite was determined using single-crystal XRD and was refined to an R1 of 0.0323 for all 2594 (474 unique) reflections. The structure comprises a non-centrosymmetric arrangement of [GeS4]4− tetrahedra, forming two interstice sites: fully occupied Pb1 and partially occupied Ag1, aligned in the directions of a-, b-, and c-axes. Ruizhongite was named in honor of Ruizhong Hu (1958), an eminent Chinese ore geochemist. The discovery of ruizhongite has significant implications for the occurrence and enrichment mechanism of Ge in sphalerite and other metallic minerals.
Utilité des Fonctions d’Aide Technologique sur les Performances en Lecture et en Écriture et sur le Concept de soi Scolaire Auprès d’élèves du Primaire qui ont des Difficultés d’Apprentissage
Authors: Bourget-Piché Gabrielle , Leroux Chemla Céline , Bigo Clélie , Guay Marie-Claude 
Published: April 2023

Cette étude pilote porte sur l’utilisation des fonctions d’aide technologique (FAT) par des élèves du primaire, scolarisés en français et ayant des difficultés en lecture et en écriture (groupe FAT, n = 25). L’objectif est d’évaluer si les FAT améliorent leur compréhension de lecture et leur concept de soi scolaire (CSS) et si elles permettent de réduire le nombre de fautes à l’écrit. Un groupe de comparaison d’élèves tout-venant (n = 22) est inclus pour examiner si les scores des deux groupes se rapprochent au fil du temps. Les résultats montrent qu’après seulement cinq mois d’utilisation des FAT les élèves du groupe FAT réduisent leurs fautes à l’écrit et ils obtiennent même des performances comparables à celles de leurs pairs tout-venant. Pour la compréhension de lecture et le CSS, les effets d’interaction ne sont pas significatifs. Les implications pour la réussite scolaire et les recherches futures sont discutées.
Fruit and vegetable purees as cryoprotectants for vacuum freeze-dried fermented milk products
Authors: Krasnova Irina , Ganina Vera , Semenov Gennadiy 
Published: April 2023

Fresh fermented milk products have a limited shelf life that can be extended by vacuum freeze-drying. Cryoprotectants are used to increase the survival of lactic acid microorganisms during freeze-drying. The most effective cryoprotectants are those of natural origin. Literature offers little information on the cryoprotective effects of fruit and vegetable purees. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of fruit and vegetable purees in increasing the survival of lactic acid microorganisms during the freeze-drying and storage of fermented milk products.
We studied bioyogurt samples containing pumpkin, fig, and banana purees. Rational modes of freezing and freeze-drying were established on the basis of thermal analysis. The cryoscopic temperature was determined by differential scanning calorimetry. The proportion of frozen moisture was calculated using the Nagaoka formula. Standard methods were employed to evaluate the sensory characteristics of bioyogurts and determine their protein, fat, and non-fat milk solids contents, as well as titratable acidity and microbiological indicators.
The addition of pumpkin puree increased the cryoscopic temperature and reduced the freeze-drying stage and the total drying time by 13 h, depending on the amount of puree. However, the addition of sweet fig and banana purees decreased the cryoscopic temperature and increased the freeze-drying stage and the total drying time by 0.5–1.5 and 1.5–3 h, respectively. Based on the sensory evaluation of the freeze-dried bioyogurts, we selected the formulations with 15% of pumpkin and fig purees and 10% of banana puree. We found that the freeze-dried bioyogurts with puree had higher counts of lactic acid bacteria compared to the control. In the freeze-dried samples, the counts were higher at a storage temperature of 4 ± 2°C than at 20 ± 2°C.
Pumpkin puree provided the best survival of lactic acid microorganisms during freeze-drying and storage.
The Pharmacoeconomic Impact of Pharmaceutical Care in the Hospital: Protocol for an Overview of Systematic Reviews
Authors: Amorim Fábio Jorge Ramalho de , Valença-Feitosa Fernanda , Rios Marcos Cardoso , Santos Souza Carlos Adriano , Barros Izadora Menezes da Cunha , Oliveira-Filho Alfredo Dias de , Lyra-Júnior Divaldo Pereira de 
Published: April 2023

Background
The clinical activities developed by pharmacists in a hospital environment can improve health outcomes and generate savings for hospitals. However, to determine whether pharmaceutical interventions are cost effective, it is essential to define a method according to which cost-effectiveness is intended to be measured. In addition, the quality of economic assessments and the amount of information present in systematic reviews in the literature make it difficult to analyze the effects of this intervention.

Objective
This paper aims to provide an overview of systematic reviews on the pharmacoeconomic impact of the performance of pharmaceutical care in hospitals.

Methods
A systematic search of the Cochrane Library databases, PubMed or MEDLINE, LILACS, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Open Thesis will be performed using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement. The search will involve the use of keywords determined using the Medical Subject Headings database to define the search terms and include the following terms: “pharmacoeconomics,” “pharmaceutical care,” and “hospital.” The study designs to be included will be systematic reviews of good quality. Studies will be included that address pharmacoeconomics; studies that evaluated pharmaceutical care in hospitals; and studies published in Portuguese, English, or Spanish. The primary outcome sought in the systematic reviews will be the cost ratio in monetary units and the outcomes in monetary or natural units. The secondary economic outcomes considered will be determined based on factors associated with the drugs and translated into benefit, efficacy, or utility.

Results
It is intended to start this overview in January 2023. Thus far, only previous searches have been carried out to contextualize the theme and build the protocol.

Conclusions
This overview will determine the pharmacoeconomic impact of pharmaceutical care interventions in the hospital environment. In addition, this study will point out which clinical outcomes in natural units are impacted by the performance of pharmaceutical care and the strengths and limitations of each approach. It will also identify gaps in the literature and areas for future work.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO CRD42019140665; https://tinyurl.com/bddwnz43
An Augmented Reality Mobile App (Easypod AR) as a Complementary Tool in the Nurse-Led Integrated Support of Patients Receiving Recombinant Human Growth Hormone: Usability and Validation Study
Authors: Baños Rosa Maria , Peltonen Laura-Maria , Martin Blaine , Koledova Ekaterina 
Published: April 2023

Background
Children with growth hormone deficiency face the prospect of long-term recombinant human growth hormone (r-hGH) treatment requiring daily injections. Adherence to treatment is important, especially at treatment initiation, to achieve positive health outcomes. Historically, telenursing services embedded in patient support programs (PSPs) have been a valid approach to support r-hGH treatment initiation and patient education and facilitate adherence by identifying and optimizing appropriate injection techniques. The development of mobile phones with augmented reality (AR) capabilities offers nurses new tools to support patient education.

Objective
To investigate experiences among nurses of a new mobile phone app developed to support patient training with a phone-based PSP for r-hGH treatment.

Methods
In 2020, the Easypod AR mobile app was launched to support nurse-driven telehealth education for patients initiating r-hGH therapy with the Easypod electromechanical auto-injector device. Nurses who were part of PSPs in countries where the Easypod AR app had been launched or where training was provided as part of an anticipated future launch of the app were invited to participate in an online survey based on the Mobile App Rating Scale to capture their feedback after using the app.

Results
In total, 23 nurses completed the online questionnaire. They positively rated the quality of the app across multiple dimensions. The highest mean scores were 4.0 for engagement (ie, adaptation to the target group; SD 0.74), 4.1 (SD 0.79) for functionality (navigation) and 4.1 (SD 0.67) for aesthetics (graphics). Responses indicated the potential positive impact of such a tool on enhancing patient education, patient support, and communication between patients and PSP nurses. Some participants also suggested enhancements to the app, including gamification techniques that they felt have the potential to support the formation of positive treatment behaviors and habits.

Conclusions
This study highlights the potential for new digital health solutions to reinforce PSP nurse services, including patient education. Future studies could explore possible correlations between any behavioral and clinical benefits that patients may derive from the use of such apps and how they may contribute to support improved patient experiences and treatment outcomes.
Analysis of Factors Causing Anxiety in Children with Cancer Experiencing Hospitalization
Authors: Hasnani Fenti 
Published: April 2023

Hospitalization is a stressful experience, both for the child and his parents. Stress in children can cause sleep disturbances, decreased appetite, and developmental disorders so that this can delay the healing process of the disease. Stressors that children receive while being treated can be in the form of a foreign hospital environment, physical conditions such as pain and illness that children experience, treatment procedures and medical examinations at the hospital. The many stressors experienced by children while undergoing hospitalization have negative impacts that interfere with children's development. The purpose of this study was to determine the dominant of the six factors that cause anxiety in children with cancer who experience hospitalization. This study used an analytic descriptive design with a cross sectional study approach. Samples that met the inclusion criteria amounted to 165 people. The results of the six factors that cause anxiety in children with cancer who experience hospitalization, it was found that those with a p value <0.05 were complaints of pain and physical weakness. In complaints of pain, 163 children with cancer were found with an average anxiety score of 21.34. The statistical test produces a p value of 0.001 which is smaller than α (0.05), meaning that there is a significant relationship between pain and anxiety in children with cancer.
Keywords: Anxiety, childhood cancer, hospitalization
A Detail Insight of Wilson’s Disease and its Treatment
Authors: Patel Payal Vinod , Reddy Aishwarya , Wankhade Pavankumar Pandurang 
Published: April 2023

Wilson disease is a rare inherited autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by abnormal copper accumulation in the body, particularly involving the brain, liver, eyes, and other vital organs. This is also known as hepatolenticular degeneration. It primarily affects the liver and basal ganglia of the brain, but it can affect other vital organs too. It results from a mutation in the gene encoding the Wilson disease protein (ATP7B). It results from a mutation in the gene encoding the Wilson disease protein (ATP7B). A healthy body excretes extra copper through urine after the liver filters it out. Wilson's disease prevents the liver from effectively removing the excess copper. The extra copper then builds up in organs such as the brain, liver, and eyes; which is the reason why symptoms are usually related to the brain and liver. One of the 23 chromosomes in humans, chromosome 13, has a gene that causes Wilson's disease. For six months, a 12-year-old kid with Wilson's disease complained of speech problems, swallowing issues, and general stiffness. About 97 percent of those with Wilson's illness have K-F rings. Vomiting, weakness, ascites, yellowing of the skin, and brain or neurological symptoms like tremors, muscle stiffness, difficulty speaking, personality changes, or visual hallucinations are only a few of the symptoms associated with the liver. Sunflower cataracts are visible in 1 in 5 patients with Wilson's illness. One in 90 people in the general population are carriers of Wilson's illness. A liver biopsy, clinical evaluation, blood testing, urine tests, and a challenging diagnosis are all required. The family members of persons with the condition may be screened via genetic testing. For Wilson's disease to be stopped in its tracks, early detection is essential. Treatment can be done by both ayurvedic remedies using herbs and allopathy using drugs with specific target sites important for managing Wilson disease. WD can be treated with Copper chelating agents and Herbs act as a supporting treatment. Some drugs are still in the clinical trial phase.
Keywords: Kayser-Fleischer rings, Wilson disease (WD), ALXN1840, d-Penicillinase, Vatavyadhi.
Career Development and Psychopathological Symptoms on Female Workers
Authors: Merijanti Lie Tanu , Pusparini Pusparini , Meiyanti Meiyanti , Alvina Alvina , Hartanti Monica Dwi , Tjahjadi Muljadi 
Published: April 2023

Women workers face a variety of challenges in the world of work. In addition to facing dual role conflicts for married female workers, they also face various stressors at their jobs. This will leave women vulnerable and have an impact on workers' emotional well-being. This study sought to ascertain the connection between female workers' propensity for psychopathological symptoms and occupational stressors. One hundred and thirty-four female office workers were recruited for this cross-sectional study. Subjects were questioned about age, education, marital status, and years of work for describing respondents’ characteristics. The diagnostic stress survey and symptom checklist 90 were used for measuring work stressors and determining the tendency of psychopathological symptoms, respectively. Data were statistically analyzed using the chi-square test, the Fisher exact test, and logistic regression, where appropriate, with a meaningfulness level of p < 0,05. Results show that quantitative workload stressors, qualitative workloads, and career development are associated with psychopathological symptoms, but after continuing with The Logistic regression test found that career development stressors were mainly associated with the appearance of psychopathological symptoms ( p= 0.003; OR= 10,069.95 % CI 2,238 – 45,296). Female workers who experience barriers to career development have a 10-fold risk for the occurrence of psychopathological symptoms.
Keywords: Female Worker, work stressor, a psychopathological tendency
Pharmaceutical Cocrystals: An Emerging Approach to Modulate Physicochemical Properties of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
Authors: Tupe Suraj Ankush , Khandagale Shital Prabhakar , Jadhav Amrapali B. 
Published: April 2023

Most of the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) are typically formulated and administered to patients in oral solid dosage forms due to ease of administration, patient compliance and cost effectiveness. Poor water solubility, low permeability and low bioavailability of APIs are major hurdles in development of oral solid dosage forms. In recent years, cocrystal development has evolved as a feasible approach for enhancing the solubility and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. Crystal engineering strategies have been asserted to enhance the likelihood of discovering new solid forms of an API. A pharmaceutical cocrystal is made up of two basic components, an API and a harmless material known as a coformer in stoichiometric ratio. Cocrystallization of an API with a pharmaceutically acceptable coformer can improve the physical characteristics of the API, such as solubility, hygroscopicity, and compaction behavior, without affecting the API's pharmacological efficacy. This review article offers a comprehensive overview of pharmaceutical cocrystals, their physiochemical characteristics, and methods of preparation, with an emphasis on cocrystal screening and cocrystal characterization. The review also included recent FDA and EMA guidance on pharmaceutical cocrystals as well as an outline of multidrug cocrystals.
Keywords: Pharmaceutical co-crystals, crystal engineering, coformers, supramolecular synthons, Solubility
Non-Selective Beta-Adrenergic Blocker Propranolol: A Life Saving Drug for Hospitalized Patient with Traumatic Brain Injury in Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Ashwathi P , Srinivas K 
Published: April 2023

Background: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is the most common cause of death under the age of forty. This in turn results in intracranial injury in about 90% of the cases from least-income countries. The majority of patients admitted to the Intensive care Unit (ICU) had trauma which is managed by preventive strategies and to combat the secondary hit stimulated by the primary hit International guidelines have formed a protocol to be applied in patients with TBI for the better outcome and to increase the survival rate.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the importance of beta-adrenergic blocker propranolol in patients admitted with TBI.
Methodology: The literature search was conducted to find recent articles related to the aim of the study to analyze the significance of beta-blocking agent propranolol in TBI.
Results: Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity (PSH) occurs within 24 hours of TBI in patients with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS ≤ 8). In patients who are agitated or in restlessness propranolol is the drug of choice to reduce hyperactivity. Several studies reported that using beta-adrenergic blocking agents decreases the mortality rate and current studies started focusing on the primary initiation of propranolol and also reported side-effects associated in TBI.
Conclusion: Early administration of Non-selective beta-adrenergic blocker propranolol will continue to be the standard prophylactic pharmacotherapeutic method as it limits the risk of sympathetic storming in high-risk patients with TBI.
Keywords: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Propranolol, Beta-adrenergic blocker, Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity (PSH).
Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B, Anti-Hepatitis C, Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and Treponema Pallidum among Random Blood Donors at Somali Sudanese Specialized Hospital (SSSH), Mogadishu, Somalia
Authors: Hamad Mohamed Motaz Obeidallah , Osman Ebar Mohamed Hassan 
Published: April 2023

Background: Blood transfusion is one of essential and important components in Human health care system. Blood transfusion at sometimes poses the risk of transfusion transmitted infections; HBV, HCV, HIV and Syphilis infections. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of HBV, anti-HCV, HIV and syphilis in random blood donors.
Materials and methods: The study was descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study conducted at Somali Sudanese Specialized Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia, during the period from December 2022 to March 2023. Blood samples were collected from 420 random blood donors. A total of five ml of whole blood was collected from each participant and divided into EDTA ant coagulated containers for hemoglobin estimation and into sterile plain containers for HBV, anti-HCV, HIV and syphilis screening. Estimation of hemoglobin concentration was done by using Hematology analyzer (URIT 5380), where HBV, anti-HCV, HIV, and Syphilis screening was done by using Immunochromatographic test (ICT).
Results: The results of this study revealed that the prevalence of HBV and Syphilis in the donors was 2.1% and 0.7% respectively, where the prevalence of HIV and HCV was 0%. The distribution of blood groups was 4.0%, 12.4%, and 26.9%, 0.5%, 51.4% and 4.8% (AB+ve, B+ve, A+ve, A-ve, O+ve, and O-ve) respectively, this showed that the most frequent Blood group was O positive followed by A positive.
Conclusion: This study concluded that the prevalence of HBV and syphilis was high in blood donors, where HIV and anti-HCV had low prevalence rate in the study population.
Keywords: HBV, HCV, HIV, syphilis, blood bank, blood transfusion, viral screening