bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a potential bidirectional influence of metabolic syndrome and apical periodontitis: An animal‐based study
Authors: Sarmento Estéfano Borgo , Sassone Luciana Moura , Pinto Karem Paula , Ferreira Cláudio Malizia Alves , da Fidalgo Tatiana Kelly Silva , Lopes Ricardo Tadeu , Alves Adriana Terezinha Neves Novellino , Freitas‐Fernandes Liana Bastos , Valente Ana Paula , Neves Renata Heisler , da Silva Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimThis study aimed to explore the possible bidirectional interrelations between fructose‐induced metabolic syndrome (MS) and apical periodontitis (AP).MethodologyTwenty‐eight male Wistar rats were distributed into four groups (n = 7, per group): Control (C), AP, Fructose Consumption (FRUT) and Fructose Consumption and AP (FRUT+AP). The rats in groups C and AP received filtered water, while those in groups FRUT and FRUT+AP received a 20% fructose solution mixed with water to induce MS. The groups AP and FRUT+AP had the pulp of their right mandibular first molar exposed to induce AP. Food consumption, murinometric measurements, blood glucose levels and glucose tolerance were monitored. Fifty‐six days after the start of the experiment, the animals were euthanized, and serum samples were collected for metabolomic analysis. Mandibles, livers and right kidneys were also collected. The area and volume of the periapical lesions were calculated using micro‐computed tomography. Histopathological evaluation was performed. Kruskal–Wallis followed by the Student–Newman–Keuls or Mann–Whitney tests and one‐way anova followed by Tukey's or Independent t‐test were used for non‐parametric and parametric data, respectively (p < .05). Multivariate analysis and variable importance in projection score were applied to assess metabolite profile differences among groups (p < .05).ResultsFRUT and FRUT+AP groups showed significantly increased fluid intake, body mass, abdominal circumference, blood glucose levels, liver weight and visceral fat weight (p < .05), indicating the development of MS. The analyses of the metabolite profile suggest increasing glucose, histidine, lactate, fatty acid and phenylalanine in the FRUT+AP group. There were no significant differences in volume and area of periapical lesions in micro‐CT analyses (p = .1048 and p = .7494, respectively). Histopathological analysis of the hemimandibles demonstrated areas of inflammatory response, necrosis and microabscess in the periapical region. Hepatic histopathological observations indicated notable differences in cell appearance, with the FRUT and FRUT+AP groups showing signs of microsteatosis. Kidney analysis revealed Bowman's space dilation in the FRUT and AP groups, while the FRUT+AP group exhibited retracted Bowman's space, suggesting a possible alteration in renal filtration capacity.ConclusionsMS had no impact on the progression of AP in rats. However, AP exacerbated the systemic state affected by MS, with changes in liver and kidney tissues and metabolite levels.
Ward‐delivered nasal high‐flow oxygen and non‐invasive ventilation are safe for people with acute respiratory failure: a cohort study
Authors: Buchan Catherine , Khor Yet Hong , Disler Rebecca , Naughton Matthew T. , Smallwood Natasha 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackground and AimsWard‐delivered non‐invasive respiratory supports (NIRS) (conventional oxygen therapy (COT), high‐flow nasal oxygen (HFNO), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and non‐invasive ventilation (NIV)), are often used to treat hospitalised patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF) both in high acuity and general wards. This study aimed to describe the processes of care adopted and examine patient outcomes from a specialist, ward‐delivered NIRS service caring for people with COVID‐19 in general wards or in a respiratory care unit (RCU).MethodsA cohort study was undertaken including all consecutive patients admitted to a quaternary hospital with ARF secondary to COVID‐19 and requiring ward‐delivered NIRS between 28 February 2020 and 18 March 2022. NIRS use, processes of care and patient outcomes were examined.ResultsSix hundred sixty‐eight patients were included, with 61% male and a mean age of 64 years (interquartile range 48–79 years). All received COT. Fifty eight percent of patients required additional NIRS: HFNO (36.2%), CPAP (19.8%) and NIV (1.9%). Eighty‐two percent of patients had oxygen saturation targets documented. After the implementation of the RCU, significantly more nurse consultant‐led CPAP prescriptions were initiated (P = 0.004) and fewer patients required review by the ICU team (P = 0.001) or transfer to ICU (P = 0.050). Forty‐nine patients died (7.3%), with most (62.8%) being discharged directly home.ConclusionThis study highlights that ward‐delivered NIRS is feasible and safe for people with COVID‐19 and ARF. The combination of ward and RCU‐delivered NIRS was particularly effective. Further research is required to determine the optimal models of respiratory care required for a broader range of patients and to understand how these should be implemented.
Examining the Feasibility and Acceptability of Identifying Signs of Social Anxiety, in University Students Aged 18–25, While Watching 360° Immersive Films
Authors: Jackson Jessica Eve , Cox Ann , Windmill Chris , Safari Reza 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTTimely, accurate assessment and treatment for social anxiety disorder (SAD) in young people is crucial. There is potential for the adoption of tailored virtual reality interventions for a complementary diagnostic tool using heart rate monitoring as a response indicator. This study examined the feasibility and acceptability of this concept by exposing healthy individuals, aged 18–25, to developed 360° immersive films while collecting heart rate sensor data. Two immersive scenarios were designed with a participatory advisory youth group. A clinical consultant nurse mapped scenario events against validated routine assessment subscales in child and adolescent services. The films were shown to seven participants through a VR headset while monitoring heart rate. They provided qualitative feedback on their quality, acceptability and usability. The study indicated that this approach has the potential to enhance assessments in child and adolescent mental health services. The study has several limitations which are discussed with recommendations for consideration if this concept is taken further. The intervention could act as a potential portable, user‐friendly complementary diagnostic tool for clinicians in practice. However, further research is needed to examine its validity.
Expressing Sexuality in Silent and Weep: Experience of Chinese People With Intellectual Disabilities and Parents
Authors: Lam Angus Y. K. , Yau Matthew K. S. , Franklin Richard C. , Leggat Peter A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundSexual well‐being significantly impacts the overall quality of life for individuals with and without intellectual disabilities. Notably, parents play a pivotal role in influencing their children's sexual development, and their attitudes towards this topic are shaped by Chinese sociocultural values.MethodsThis study employed Interpretative phenomenological analysis to explore the experiences and attitudes of five individuals with intellectual disabilities and seven parents/caregivers regarding the sexual needs of their adult offspring with intellectual disabilities.ResultsThe findings revealed participants' experiences and concerns, often navigating the challenges posed by traditional Chinese cultural restrictions through responses characterised as ‘Silent’ (avoidance of discussion) and ‘Weep’ (deep‐seated psycho‐emotional burden).ConclusionsThis research emphasises the importance of a pluralistic society and advocates for promoting sexual autonomy among individuals with intellectual disabilities. The findings have implications for future practises and highlight the need for a more inclusive and compassionate approach to their sexual well‐being.
Renal Tubular Epithelial Cell–Derived hsa_circ_0008925 From Urine Is Related to Chronic Renal Fibrosis
Authors: Shi Yuanhui , Chen Yuye , Xiao Zihao , Wang Yajie , Fu Cong , Cao Yuhan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTRenal fibrosis (RF) is a crucial pathological factor in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) to end‐stage renal failure, and accurate and noninvasive assays to monitor the progression of renal fibrosis are needed. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are noncoding RNAs that can be used as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for human diseases. In this study, we analysed the expression of hsa_circ_0008925 in human urinary renal tubular cells and investigated its role in renal fibrosis. Urinary samples were collected from CKD patients with varying degrees of renal fibrosis; renal tubular epithelial cells were isolated from the urinary samples using magnetic bead sorting. In patients with moderate–severe renal fibrosis, the expression of hsa_circ_0008925 in urinary renal tubular epithelial cells was elevated compared to that in patients with no renal fibrosis to mild renal fibrosis. Spearman correlation analysis indicated that the hsa_circ_0008925 expression was positively correlated with serum creatinine (Scr, rs = 0.424, p = 0.031). The expression of hsa_circ_0008925 was elevated in TGF‐β1‐treated HK‐2 cells in vitro. Silencing of hsa_circ_0008925 using siRNA inhibited TGF‐β1‐induced fibrosis in HK2 cells. RNA pull‐down and mass spectrometric analyses indicated that serine/arginine‐rich splicing factor 6 (SRSF6) is the downstream of hsa_circ_0008925. Silencing mmu_circ_0002215 and inhibiting SRSF6 alleviated renal fibrosis in a UUO model in vivo. Inhibiting hsa_circ_0008925/SRSF6 alleviated renal fibrosis in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggest that targeting the hsa_circ_0008925/SRSF6 pathway could hold promise as a potential therapeutic strategy for treating renal fibrosis.
Live cell imaging of plant infection provides new insight into the biology of pathogenesis by the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae
Authors: Quime Berlaine G. , Ryder Lauren S. , Talbot Nicholas J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMagnaporthe oryzae is the causal agent of rice blast, one of the most serious diseases affecting rice cultivation around the world. During plant infection, M. oryzae forms a specialised infection structure called an appressorium. The appressorium forms in response to the hydrophobic leaf surface and relies on multiple signalling pathways, including a MAP kinase phosphorelay and cAMP‐dependent signalling, integrated with cell cycle control and autophagic cell death of the conidium. Together, these pathways regulate appressorium morphogenesis.The appressorium generates enormous turgor, applied as mechanical force to breach the rice cuticle. Re‐polarisation of the appressorium requires a turgor‐dependent sensor kinase which senses when a critical threshold of turgor has been reached to initiate septin‐dependent re‐polarisation of the appressorium and plant infection. Invasive growth then requires differential expression and secretion of a large repertoire of effector proteins secreted by distinct secretory pathways depending on their destination, which is also governed by codon usage and tRNA thiolation. Cytoplasmic effectors require an unconventional Golgi‐independent secretory pathway and evidence suggests that clathrin‐mediated endocytosis is necessary for their delivery into plant cells. The blast fungus then develops a transpressorium, a specific invasion structure used to move from cell‐to‐cell using pit field sites containing plasmodesmata, to facilitate its spread in plant tissue. This is controlled by the same MAP kinase signalling pathway as appressorium development and requires septin‐dependent hyphal constriction. Recent progress in understanding the mechanisms of rice infection by this devastating pathogen using live cell imaging procedures are presented.
Novel Gel Formulation and Deep Injection Techniques for Lifting Effects in Cosmetic Dermatology
Authors: Poleva Irina 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionIn recent years, the field of aesthetic dermatology has witnessed a surge in demand for minimally invasive procedures aimed at rejuvenating aging skin. This study aims to address this demand by evaluating the effectiveness of the injectable gel in rejuvenating aging skin, particularly by targeting collagen regeneration and lifting effect.Materials and MethodsThe study involved 43 participants who underwent three monthly injection sessions targeting retaining ligaments. The injections were administered deeply to ensure proper targeting. Follow‐up assessments were conducted after each treatment session and three months after the final injection. Evaluation methods included subjective assessments by both patients and investigators using the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS), as well as objective assessments using a 3D photosystem to measure wrinkle conditions and vectors of traction.ResultsAll participants completed the study, with no significant adverse effects observed apart from mild swelling at the injection sites. Despite the high viscosity of HA necessitating the use of a 27 G needle, the injection process was generally comfortable and minimally painful. Subjective evaluations revealed consistent improvements in skin appearance from the first application, which continued to increase throughout the study and remained high even 3 months post‐treatment. Objective evaluations demonstrated significant improvements in wrinkle conditions and lifting effects, with a substantial increase in the standard deviation score for wrinkle conditions and the average traction vector length measuring 1.6 mm.ConclusionThe study findings confirm the safety and efficacy of the injectable formula, with high patient satisfaction, noticeable lifting effects, and significant improvements in wrinkle conditions. These results support the use of the injectable as a promising option for non‐invasive skin rejuvenation treatments.
Pseudomonas viridiflava Causing Leaf Spot of Common Mallow in Iran
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Zaman , Khodaygan Pejman , Ghelardini Luisa , Aćimović Srđan G. , Basavand Esmaeil 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn the spring 2018, a leaf disease including light and necrotic spots with irregular edges surrounded by chlorotic halos was detected on common mallow in Jiroft County (Kerman Province, Iran). A bacterium‐forming cream‐coloured and mucoid colonies on King's B agar medium was consistently isolated and was fitting of the traits of the genus Pseudomonas. Isolated strains caused spots on common mallow leaves in the pathogenicity test that was identical to natural field symptoms and belonged to Pseudomonas viridiflava based on phenotypic characteristics including LOPAT tests. Two representative isolates were further confirmed as P. viridiflava with 99% sequence identity after sequencing the 16S rRNA and gyrB genes. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. viridiflava causing leaf spot disease on common mallow in Iran.
Long‐Term Impact of Childhood Dental Attendance on Perceived Adult Oral Health: The British Cohort Study
Authors: Mohd Khairuddin Aina Najwa , Kang Jing , Gallagher Jennifer E. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of childhood dental attendance pattern on self‐rated oral health in middle adulthood among the British population.MethodsData from the 1970 British Cohort Study involving participants born in England, Scotland, and Wales were used. Self‐rated oral health was assessed at age 46. Childhood dental attendance patterns, derived from follow‐up surveys at ages 5, 10, and 16, were classified as ‘always’, ‘sometimes’, or ‘never’ regular. Logistic regression was performed to estimate the effect of childhood dental attendance on adult oral health. Subgroup analyses by education level and oral hygiene practices examined potential variations across these factors.ResultsThis study analyzed data from 4699 participants. An association was found between childhood dental attendance pattern and self‐rated oral health in middle adulthood. The odds of reporting poor oral health were higher among those with ‘sometimes’ and ‘never’ regular dental attendance patterns than ‘always’ regular attenders. However, this association became insignificant after adjusting for covariates. Subgroup analyses revealed that ‘sometimes’ and ‘never’ regular attendance patterns were associated with higher odds of reporting poor oral health among participants who brushed less than twice daily and those with lower parental academic qualifications.ConclusionThis study suggests that childhood dental attendance is associated with perceived adult oral health, though this relationship diminished after adjusting for covariates. However, the association persisted among those who brushed less than twice daily and had lower parental academic qualifications. It underscores the importance of both demographic factors and health‐related behaviors in determining long‐term oral health outcomes.
Dipyridamole Attenuates Experimental Periodontitis by Regulating M1 Macrophage Polarization via PKA/PKG Pathways
Authors: Song Jiaying , Li Xingyi , Abuduwaili Kailibinuer , Sun Yue , Li Jiangbo , Chen Danying , Chen Zhuofan , Li Zhipeng , Huang Baoxin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimPeriodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease initiated by dysbiosis of the local microbial community. As a non‐specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor, dipyridamole features anti‐oxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties. This study aimed to investigate the effects of dipyridamole in an experimental rat model of periodontitis.MethodsThirty rats were divided randomly into three groups (n = 10): non‐ligature group (NL), ligature‐induced periodontitis group (L), and ligature‐induced periodontitis with dipyridamole administered group (L + D). All rats were euthanized on Day 14. Alveolar bone resorption was analyzed by microcomputed tomography. The mRNA levels of Il1b, Il6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (Tnfa), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNos) in gingival tissue were assessed by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). Inflammation level, osteoclasts, and macrophages infiltration were analyzed histologically. RAW264.7 macrophages were stimulated with Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (P.g. LPS) to induce M1 polarization. Different concentration of dipyridamole (0/2/10 μM) was added simultaneously. To explore the role of PKA/PKG pathways, RAW 264.7 macrophages were pretreated with 10 μM H‐89 (PKA inhibitor) or 1 μM KT‐5823 (PKG inhibitor), respectively. Expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and M1 markers were detected by qRT‐PCR, ELISA, and flow cytometry.ResultsDipyridamole administration reduced alveolar bone loss, protein levels of inflammatory cytokines, and osteoclastogenesis in rats with experimental periodontitis. It also showed a tendency to decrease mRNA levels of Il1b, Il6, and Tnfa but without significant differences in gingival tissues. Moreover, the infiltration of macrophage and M1 macrophage polarization in gingival tissue of periodontitis rats were inhibited by dipyridamole administration. In addition, dipyridamole could downregulate the gene expression of Il1b and Tnfa, as well as the protein level of TNF‐α, CD86, and iNOS in RAW264.7 treated with P.g. LPS. When PKA/PKG pathways were blocked, the suppression of TNF‐α, CD86, and iNOS was reversed significantly.ConclusionDipyridamole alleviated experimental periodontitis in rat models by regulating M1 polarization via activation of PKA/PKG pathways and emerges as a hopeful remedy for periodontitis.
Rural nonprofit hospital community benefit and financial assistance spending: A call for greater reporting transparency
Authors: MacDougall Hannah , Latcham Melissa , Eliason Erica 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurposeUS nonprofit hospitals must provide community benefits including financial assistance to be tax‐exempt. Rural residents particularly benefit from financial assistance because they have higher medical debt on average. The Internal Revenue Service allows nonprofit hospitals that are members of health systems to report expenditures for their entire system (group returns) rather than for individual hospitals. Our study examined how (if at all) rural nonprofit hospitals filing group returns are different than those filing individual returns.MethodsWe used 2021 data extracted from Community Benefit Insight and the American Hospital Association for 100 rural nonprofit hospitals in Wisconsin and Minnesota. We conducted bivariate analyses examining differences in mean total community benefit spending and mean financial assistance spending as a percentage of total operating expenses for hospitals filing individual versus group returns. We conducted multivariable regression models examining the association of filing group returns and individual returns with community benefit spending and financial assistance spending.FindingsBivariate analysis revealed significant differences between group return hospitals and individual return hospitals in spending on community benefits (5.81% vs. 9.49%, respectively) and on financial assistance (0.36% vs. 0.71% respectively). Multivariable regression demonstrated filing group returns is significantly negatively associated with community benefit expenditures (β = –2.90, p < 0.05) and financial assistance expenditures (β = –0.31, p < 0.01).ConclusionIn our sample, filing group returns was associated with less spending on community benefits and financial assistance. To understand this finding, researchers need data on individual hospital spending to increase transparency and accountability.
Menrath ulcers in cats: four cases (2014‐2023)
Authors: Whybrow K. , Hernon T. , Pilot M. 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesTo report the clinical presentation, treatment and outcomes of four cats diagnosed with Menrath ulcers causing significant oral haemorrhage.Materials and MethodsFor all cats, data on signalment, history, physical examination, treatment and outcomes were collected by reviewing medical records. Information regarding outcomes was collected from communication logs between primary care veterinarians and owners, and the original case clinicians after discharge of the patient from the hospital.ResultsFour cats were included. All patients survived to discharge. Follow‐up outcomes were available between 1 and 8.5 months post discharge. Post‐operative complications were classified according to The Accordion Severity Classification of Post‐operative Complications. Two of the four patients had recurrence of oral haemorrhage post‐ligation originating from the major palatine artery. One classified as a severe complication, due to requiring revision surgery of the ipsilateral major palatine artery. The other classified as mild, since the patient was managed conservatively. Additionally, one patient was documented to have developed an acquired palatal defect post‐operatively.Clinical SignificanceThis is the largest case series of Menrath ulcers to date and the first to describe post‐operative complications including acquired palatal defect and recurrence of oral haemorrhage from the original ulcer despite ligation of the ipsilateral major palatine artery.