bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Ekstrak Bawang Putih (Allium sativum Linn) terhadap Penurunan Tekanan Darah Pada Lansia dengan Hipertensi di Wilayah Kerja UPTD Puskesmas Peureulak Kabupaten Aceh Timur
Authors: Desreza Nanda , Erawati Erawati , Masthura Syarifah 
Published: August 2023

Hipertensi sebagai salah satu penyakit tidak menular sampai saat ini masih dijuluki sebagai The Silent Killer karena gejalanya sulit dikenali bahkan sering tidak menunjukkan gejala dan tanpa keluhan. Berdasarkan data dinas kesehatan provinsi Aceh tahun 2021 hipertensi di Aceh tertinggi terdapat di kabupaten Bireun mencapai 26.373 jiwa, sedangkan Aceh Timur berada di urutan ke delapan dengan prevalensi 27,73%. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak bawang putih (allium sativum linn) terhadap penurunan tekanan darah pada lansia dengan hipertensi di wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Peureulak Kabupaten Aceh Timur tahun 2022. Desain penelitian Quasi Eksperimen, yaitu One Groups Pretest-Posttest. Populasi seluruh lansia di wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Peureulak Kabupaten Aceh Timur, sampel berjumlah 15 responden. Penelitian dilakukan pada tanggal 02 s/d 15 Agustus 2022. Hasil penelitian bahwa penurunan tekanan darah pada lansia dengan hipertensi sebelum pemberian ekstrak bawang putih (Allium Sativum Linn)berada pada kategori hipertensi (100%), penurunan tekanan darah pada lansia dengan hipertensi sesudah pemberian ekstrak bawang putih (Allium Sativum Linn) berada pada kategori normal (53,3%). Pengaruh penurunan tekanan darah pada lansia dengan hipertensi sebelum pemberian ekstrak bawang putih (Allium Sativum Linn), tekanan darah (sistole) diperoleh nilai p-value 0,000< =0,05, sedangkan tekanan darah (diastole) diperoleh nilai p-value 0,000< =0,05.Kata kunci: Ekstrak Bawang Putih, Tekanan Darah, LansiaOne of the non-infectious diseases claimed as the silent killer is hypertension. Hypertension tends to have no particular signs or symptoms because the symptom is hard to recognize and sometimes undetected. Based on the statistical data from Aceh’s Health Department in 2021, Bireun regency wast the highest number of people with hypertension (26.373). While in comparison, East Aceh ranked eighth with a prevalence of 27, 73%. This study aims to know how garlic extract (Allium Sativum Linn) impacted on elderly’s blood pressure. The Quasi-experimental design with one group pretest-posttest was used in this study. The population was all the elderly in Public Health Center (UPTD) Peureulak, East Aceh. The sample was 15 elderly with hypertension. This study was carried out from 2 – 15 August 2022. The finding revealed that before consuming garlic extract (Allium Sativum Linn), the elderlys' blood pressure was classified as 100% hypertension. While after the treatment, the blood pressure was indicated as normal at around 53,3%. From the study, the effect of garlic extract (Allium Sativum Linn) shows a definite trend. Changes in the elderly’s blood pressure steadily declined as characterized by the systole 0,000<ᵃ =0,05 and diastole with the p-value score of 0,000<ᵃ =0,05.Keywords: Garlic (Allium Sativum Linn) Extract, Blood Pressure, Elderly
Screening of sensitive in vivo characteristics for early keratoconus diagnosis: a multicenter study
Authors: Chen Xuan , Cao Huazheng , Huo Yan , Song Jiaxin , Zou Haohan , Li Jing , Hou Jie , Wang Yan 
Published: August 2023

Purpose: To analyze and compare sensitive in vivo characteristics for screening early keratoconus.Methods: This multicenter, case-control study included 712 eyes, after matching for age and biomechanically corrected intraocular pressure, from three clinics in different cities. The keratoconus (n = 288), early keratoconus (n = 91), and normal cornea (n = 333) groups included eyes diagnosed with bilateral keratoconus, fellow eyes with relatively normal topography with unilateral keratoconus, and normal eyes before refractive surgery, respectively. After adjusting for central corneal thickness, differences in vivo characteristics were analyzed among the three groups. The in vivo characteristics were measured by Pentacam and Corvis ST. Fifty-four indices were evaluated to screen for a sensitive index for the detection of early keratoconus.Results: Significant differences were observed in 26 of the 36 corneal biomechanical indeces between the early keratoconus and normal corneas. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of tomographic and biomechanical index, Belin/Ambrósio deviation, and Da in differentiating keratoconus from normal cornea was 1.000. Among the top five indeces of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for detecting early keratoconus, the corneal biomechanical-related index accounted for 80% (4/5), including A1 dArc length, highest concavity radius, A2 time, and tomographic and biomechanical index, of which the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of A1 dArc length was 0.901.Conclusion: A1 dArc length and several corneal biomechanical indices are highly sensitive for the detection of early keratoconus, even in the absence of topographic abnormalities. Ophthalmologists should focus on the clinical application of corneal biomechanics and combine corneal tomography for the timely and accurate detection of early keratoconus.
Mode of action studies confirm on-target engagement of lysyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitor and lead to new selection marker for Cryptosporidium
Authors: Hanna Jack C. , Corpas-Lopez Victor , Seizova Simona , Colon Beatrice L. , Bacchetti Ross , Hall Grant M. J. , Sands Emma M. , Robinson Lee , Baragaña Beatriz , Wyllie Susan , Pawlowic Mattie C. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionCryptosporidiosis is a leading cause of diarrheal-associated morbidity and mortality, predominantly affecting children under 5 years old in low-and-middle-income countries. There is no effective treatment and no vaccine. New therapeutics are emerging from drug discovery efforts. It is critical that mode of action studies are performed alongside drug discovery to ensure the best clinical outcomes. Unfortunately, technology to identify and validate drug targets for Cryptosporidium is severely lacking.MethodsWe used C. parvum lysyl-tRNA synthetase (CpKRS) and DDD01510706 as a target-compound pair to develop both chemical and genetic tools for mode of action studies for Cryptosporidium. We adapted thermal proteome profiling (TPP) for Cryptosporidium, an unbiased approach for target identification.ResultsUsing TPP we identified the molecular target of DDD01510706 and confirm that it is CpKRS. Genetic tools confirm that CpKRS is expressed throughout the life cycle and that this target is essential for parasite survival. Parasites genetically modified to over-express CpKRS or parasites with a mutation at the compound-binding site are resistant to treatment with DDD01510706. We leveraged these mutations to generate a second drug selection marker for genetic modification of Cryptosporidium, KRSR. This second selection marker is interchangeable with the original selection marker, NeoR, and expands the range of reverse genetic approaches available to study parasite biology. Due to the sexual nature of the Cryptosporidium life cycle, parental strains containing different drug selection markers can be crossed in vivo.DiscussionSelection with both drug markers produces highly efficient genetic crosses (&gt;99% hybrid progeny), paving the way for forward genetics approaches in Cryptosporidium.
Cardiovascular mortality by cancer risk stratification in patients with localized prostate cancer: a SEER-based study
Authors: Luo Zehao , Chi Kaiyi , Zhao Hongjun , Liu Linglong , Yang Wenting , Luo Zhijuan , Liang Yinglan , Zeng Liangjia , Zhou Ruoyun , Feng Manting , Li Yemin , Hua Guangyao , Rao Huying , Lin Xiaozhen , Yi Min 
Published: August 2023

PurposeThe risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in patients with localized prostate cancer (PCa) by risk stratification remains unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the risk of CVD death in patients with localized PCa by risk stratification.Patients and methodsPopulation-based study of 340,806 cases in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database diagnosed with localized PCa between 2004 and 2016. The proportion of deaths identifies the primary cause of death, the competing risk model identifies the interaction between CVD and PCa, and the standardized mortality rate (SMR) quantifies the risk of CVD death in patients with PCa.ResultsCVD-related death was the leading cause of death in patients with localized PCa, and cumulative CVD-related death also surpassed PCa almost as soon as PCa was diagnosed in the low- and intermediate-risk groups. However, in the high-risk group, CVD surpassed PCa approximately 90 months later. Patients with localized PCa have a higher risk of CVD-related death compared to the general population and the risk increases steadily with survival (SMR = 4.8, 95% CI 4.6–5.1 to SMR = 13.6, 95% CI 12.8–14.5).ConclusionsCVD-related death is a major competing risk in patients with localized PCa, and cumulative CVD mortality increases steadily with survival time and exceeds PCa in all three stratifications (low, intermediate, and high risk). Patients with localized PCa have a higher CVD-related death than the general population. Management of patients with localized PCa requires attention to both the primary cancer and CVD.
On the correlations between the largest foreshocks and mainshocks of earthquake sequences in Taiwan
Authors: Chen Kou-Cheng , Kim Kwang-Hee , Wang Jeen-Hwa 
Published: August 2023

We collected a data set of mainshocks and their respective largest foreshocks of 38 earthquake sequences in Taiwan. The plot of local magnitude, ML, of a mainshock (denoted by MLm) versus ML of its largest foreshock (denoted by MLf) shows an increase in MLm with MLf. This indicates that for Taiwan’s earthquakes the bigger the largest foreshock is, the larger the mainshock is. The plot of the epicentral distance, Δ (in km), from the largest foreshock to the mainshock versus ML of the mainshock exhibits a weak increase in Δ with MLm as Δ&lt;10 km. The plot of the focal depth of the largest foreshock and that of the mainshock shows a linear increase in the former along with the latter for most event-pairs. Let T be the interval between the occurrence time of the largest foreshock and the mainshock. The plot of T versus MLm exhibits that the mainshock will occur within 5 days, with the highest probability of 1 day, after the occurrence of the largest foreshock. Let H be the hypocentral distance between the largest foreshock and the mainshock. The plot of T versus H reveals a slight increase in T with H when T&gt;1 day.
Lesion-based indicators predict long-term outcomes of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma– SIZEPASS
Authors: Hanschell Helena , Diaz-Cano Salvador , Blanes Alfredo , Talat Nadia , Galatá Gabriele , Aylwin Simon , Schulte Klaus Martin 
Published: August 2023

AimWe seek a simple and reliable tool to predict malignant behavior of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL).MethodsThis single-center prospective cohort study assessed size of primary PPGLs on preoperative cross-sectional imaging and prospectively scored specimens using the Pheochromocytoma of the Adrenal Gland Scaled Score (PASS). Multiplication of PASS points with maximum lesion diameter (in mm) yielded the SIZEPASS criterion. Local recurrence, metastasis or death from disease were surrogates defining malignancy.Results76 consecutive PPGL patients, whereof 58 with pheochromocytoma and 51 female, were diagnosed at a mean age of 52.0 ± 15.2 years. 11 lesions (14.5%) exhibited malignant features at a median follow-up (FU) of 49 months (range 4-172 mo). Median FU of the remaining cohort was 139 months (range 120-226 mo). SIZEPASS classified malignancy with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.97 (95%CI 0.93-1.01; p&lt;0.0001). Across PPGL, SIZEPASS &gt;1000 outperformed all known predictors of malignancy, with sensitivity 91%, specificity 94%, and accuracy 93%, and an odds ratio of 72 fold (95%CI 9-571; P&lt;0.001). It retained an accuracy &gt;90% in cohorts defined by location (adrenal, extra-adrenal) or mutation status.ConclusionsThe SIZEPASS&gt;1000 criterion is a lesion-based, clinically available, simple and effective tool to predict malignant behavior of PPGLs independently of age, sex, location or mutation status.
Monitoring and control of water-ecological space in the Dongting Lake region
Authors: Zeng Zhiwei , Yang Hua , Zhou Hui , Lai Nan , Song Qidi , Ji Qianfu , Ning Qimeng 
Published: August 2023

The territorial spatial planning in the new era strengthens the control of different functional spaces and emphasizes integrated and coordinated development of each functional space. Therefore, it is important to monitor the “structure-function” characteristics of water-ecological space based on the context of territorial spatial planning and develop a management and control framework. Based on land use and social statistics, and with the help of ArcGIS analysis, this paper examined the structure and function of the water-ecological space in the Dongting Lake study for 2010, 2015, and 2020, generating a control framework and proposing key initiatives. The main results are as follows: 1) The overall scale of the water ecological space in the Dongting Lake study is over 7,300 km2. Water bodies had the largest share, followed by coastal terrestrial areas, while the land-water ecotone was the smallest. There was a small decrease in the water ecological space during the study period. Yueyang had the largest overall scale of water ecological space, while Linli had the smallest. 2) The comprehensive function of water ecological space in the Dongting Lake study was about 0.4000, increasing somewhat during the study period. Among the units, the comprehensive function value was highest in Yuanjiang City, while Jincheng City had the lowest. 3) From the structural elements of water ecological space, scientific planning of functional zoning of water ecological space should be carried out and combined with the delineation of “three zones and three lines.” Key initiatives such as multi-scale and multi-level planning and control, use control and access restrictions, determination of water ecological space ownership, pollution control and accountability, and comprehensive water ecological treatment and restoration should be promoted.
Assessments of TP53 and CTNNB1 gene hotspot mutations in circulating tumour DNA of hepatitis B virus-induced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Kumar Sonu , Nadda Neeti , Quadri Afnan , Kumar Rahul , Paul Shashi , Tanwar Pranay , Gamanagatti Shivanand , Dash Nihar Ranjan , Saraya Anoop , Shalimar  , Nayak Baibaswata 
Published: August 2023

Graphical AbstractCreated with BioRender.com.
Virus-specific and shared gene expression signatures in immune cells after vaccination in response to influenza and vaccinia stimulation
Authors: Quach Huy Quang , Goergen Krista M. , Grill Diane E. , Haralambieva Iana H. , Ovsyannikova Inna G. , Poland Gregory A. , Kennedy Richard B. 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundIn the vaccine era, individuals receive multiple vaccines in their lifetime. Host gene expression in response to antigenic stimulation is usually virus-specific; however, identifying shared pathways of host response across a wide spectrum of vaccine pathogens can shed light on the molecular mechanisms/components which can be targeted for the development of broad/universal therapeutics and vaccines.MethodWe isolated PBMCs, monocytes, B cells, and CD8+ T cells from the peripheral blood of healthy donors, who received both seasonal influenza vaccine (within &lt;1 year) and smallpox vaccine (within 1 - 4 years). Each of the purified cell populations was stimulated with either influenza virus or vaccinia virus. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) relative to unstimulated controls were identified for each in vitro viral infection, as well as for both viral infections (shared DEGs). Pathway enrichment analysis was performed to associate identified DEGs with KEGG/biological pathways.ResultsWe identified 2,906, 3,888, 681, and 446 DEGs in PBMCs, monocytes, B cells, and CD8+ T cells, respectively, in response to influenza stimulation. Meanwhile, 97, 120, 20, and 10 DEGs were identified as gene signatures in PBMCs, monocytes, B cells, and CD8+ T cells, respectively, upon vaccinia stimulation. The majority of DEGs identified in PBMCs were also found in monocytes after either viral stimulation. Of the virus-specific DEGs, 55, 63, and 9 DEGs occurred in common in PBMCs, monocytes, and B cells, respectively, while no DEGs were shared in infected CD8+ T cells after influenza and vaccinia. Gene set enrichment analysis demonstrated that these shared DEGs were over-represented in innate signaling pathways, including cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, viral protein interaction with cytokine and cytokine receptor, Toll-like receptor signaling, RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathways, cytosolic DNA-sensing pathways, and natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity.ConclusionOur results provide insights into virus-host interactions in different immune cells, as well as host defense mechanisms against viral stimulation. Our data also highlights the role of monocytes as a major cell population driving gene expression in ex vivo PBMCs in response to viral stimulation. The immune response signaling pathways identified in this study may provide specific targets for the development of novel virus-specific therapeutics and improved vaccines for vaccinia and influenza. Although influenza and vaccinia viruses have been selected in this study as pathogen models, this approach could be applicable to other pathogens.
Machine learning-based on cytotoxic T lymphocyte evasion gene develops a novel signature to predict prognosis and immunotherapy responses for kidney renal clear cell carcinoma patients
Authors: Chen Mei , Nie Zhenyu , Huang Denggao , Gao Yuanhui , Cao Hui , Zheng Linlin , Zhang Shufang 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundImmunotherapy resistance has become a difficult point in treating kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) patients, mainly because of immune evasion. Currently, there is no effective signature to predict immunotherapy. Therefore, we use machine learning algorithms to construct a signature based on cytotoxic T lymphocyte evasion genes (CTLEGs) to predict the immunotherapy responses of patients, so as to screen patients effective for immunotherapy.MethodsIn public data sets and our in-house cohort, we used 10 machine learning algorithms to screen the optimal model with 89 combinations under the cross-validation framework, and 101 published signatures were collected. The relationship between the CTLEG signature (CTLEGS) and clinical variables was analyzed. We analyzed the role of CTLES in other types of cancer by pan-cancer analysis. The immune cell infiltration and biological characteristics were evaluated. Moreover, the response to immunotherapy and drug sensitivity of different risk groups were investigated. The key gene closely related to the signature was identified by WGCNA. We also conducted cell functional experiments and clinical tissue validation of key gene.ResultsIn public data sets and our in-house cohort, the CTLEGS shows good prediction performance. The CTLEGS can be regard as an independent risk factor for KIRC. Compared with 101 published models, our signature shows considerable superiority. The high-risk group has abundant infiltration of immunosuppressive cells and high expression of T cell depletion markers, which are characterized by immunosuppressive phenotype, minimal benefit from immunotherapy, and resistance to sunitinib and sorafenib. The CTLEGS was also strongly correlated with immunity in pan-cancer. Immunohistochemistry verified that T cell depletion marker LAG3 is highly expressed in high-risk groups in the clinical in-house cohort. The key CTLEG STAT2 can promote the proliferation, migration and invasion of KIRC cell.ConclusionsCTLEGS can accurately predict the prognosis of patients and their response to immunotherapy. It can provide guidance for the precise treatment of KIRC and help clinicians identify patients who may benefit from immunotherapy.
The effect of sequential perioperative intravenous tranexamic acid in reducing postoperative blood loss and hidden blood loss after posterior lumbar interbody fusion: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Dong Wei , Liang Yi , Li Dongxu , Ma Zhaoxin , Cheng Minghuang , Zhang Xiaojun , Shen Jieliang , Zhou Nian , Hao Jie , Jiang Wei , Hu Zhenming 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundTranexamic acid (TXA) has previously been shown to be effective in reducing intraoperative blood loss (IBL) and transfusion requirements in spine surgery. A conventional TXA regimen is a simple preoperative or intraoperative administration. However, the hyperfibrinolysis caused by surgical trauma lasts at least 24 h, and a single dose of TXA cannot cover the whole process of hyperfibrinolysis. Moreover, its ability to control postoperative blood loss (PBL) may be insufficient. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effects and safety of sequential perioperative intravenous TXA for reducing bleeding after posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF).MethodsPatients requiring PLIF were randomly divided into two groups. All patients were intravenously injected with 1 g of TXA 15 min before skin resection. Every day after the surgery, 200 ml saline was intravenously injected for 1–3 days in Group A, while Group B received 1 g of TXA instead of saline. The total blood loss (TBL), IBL, PBL, HCT, Hb, blood transfusion volume, inflammation-related indicators, and complications were recorded.ResultsTBL, PBL, and hidden blood loss (HBL) in Group B were significantly lower than those in Group A (P &lt; 0.05). The maximum decreases in HCT and Hb in Group B were also significantly lower than those in Group A (P &lt; 0.05), and the drainage removal time (DRT) was sooner in Group B than in Group A (P = 0.003). On the 3rd and 5th days after surgery, the level of CRP in Group B was significantly lower than that in Group A (P &lt; 0.05). Similarly, IL-6 levels were significantly lower in Group B for the first 5 days postoperatively (P &lt; 0.001). Sex, operation time, level of decompression, length of incision, and change in HCT were significant predictors of both TBL and HBL. TBL was also significantly associated with BMI and preoperative fibrinogen, while postoperative TXA was a significant predictor of HBL only.ConclusionIntravenous injection of 1 g of TXA 15 min before skin resection combined with continuous intravenous injection of 1 g of TXA 1 to 3 days after PLIF can reduce postoperative bleeding and shorten the time to drainage tube removal. In addition, it can also inhibit the postoperative inflammatory response.Clinical trial registrationChiCTR2200056210.