bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensorless vector control approach for the interior PM synchronous machine with DC-offset compensation loop
Authors: Rahman Sadiq Ur , Xia Chaoying , Xiao Pengchao , Yu Jiali , Wang Nannan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Two different DC offset compensators for sensorless PMSM, motor drives with wide speed range flux linkage observers, are introduced and compared. The first one is an improved flux observer with PI correction and no need for mover speed and phase adaptation. The second one is a novel flux observer with an active disturbance rejection controller (ADRC) compensator without mover speed adaptation. The ESO built into ADRC is able to detect and compensate for both internal model disturbance and external load disturbance, resulting in a controller with superior dynamic responsiveness and robust regulation. In both scenarios, an injected direct current (DC) offset is calculated and maintained by the PI integral part and ADRC, which effectively compensates for the DC biases and drifts caused by the sampling channels. Compared to the PI controller, ADRC demonstrates greater transient performance and disturbance robustness. The results of theoretical analysis and Matlab simulations have confirmed the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed strategy.
Exploring the application of digital twin technology in the field of artillery equipment protection
Authors: Wu Dalin , Yang Yuliang , Xie Bocheng , Dong Peng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper addresses the problem that artillery condition assessment work is still stuck in the way of regular maintenance and after-the-fact repair, which makes it difficult to achieve accurate equipment protection, etc. Taking a typical artillery loading system as the research object, this paper uses simulation and experimentation to carry out research on loading system condition assessment by constructing a digital twin system framework for artillery equipment condition assessment, studying the construction of twins, data transmission between physical entities and twins and other key technologies, and providing a reference method for achieving accurate artillery maintenance and protection.
A remaining useful life prediction method based on LSTM-DCGAN for aero-engines
Authors: Shan Yibing , Xiao Lei , Ma Baiteng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Turbofan engine is a key component in aerospace. Its health condition determines whether an aircraft can operate reliably. However, it is difficult to predict the remaining useful life (RUL) precisely because of the characteristics of complex operating conditions and various failure modes. To predict the RUL more accurately and make full use of the advantages of neural networks, a RUL prediction model based on a long short-term memory network (LSTM) and deep convolutional generative adversarial network (DCGAN) is proposed and called LSTM-DCGAN in this paper. In the proposed LSTM-DCGAN, DCGAN is used to obtain knowledge of the training dataset, then the generator after pretraining in the DCGAN is attached after an LSTM network for further feature extraction. The effectiveness of the proposed LSTM-DCGAN is validated on the C-MAPSS aero-engine degradation dataset and compared with other methods.
Mimicking sarcolemmal damage in vitro: a contractile 3D model of skeletal muscle for drug testing in Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Tejedera-Villafranca Ainoa , Montolio Marisol , Ramón-Azcón Javier , Fernández-Costa Juan M 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most prevalent neuromuscular disease diagnosed in childhood. It is a progressive and wasting disease, characterized by a degeneration of skeletal and cardiac muscles caused by the lack of dystrophin protein. The absence of this crucial structural protein leads to sarcolemmal fragility, resulting in muscle fiber damage during contraction. Despite ongoing efforts, there is no cure available for DMD patients. One of the primary challenges is the limited efficacy of current preclinical tools, which fail in modeling the biological complexity of the disease. Human-based three-dimensional (3D) cell culture methods appear as a novel approach to accelerate preclinical research by enhancing the reproduction of pathophysiological processes in skeletal muscle. In this work, we developed a patient-derived functional 3D skeletal muscle model of DMD that reproduces the sarcolemmal damage found in the native DMD muscle. These bioengineered skeletal muscle tissues exhibit contractile functionality, as they responded to electrical pulse stimulation. Sustained contractile regimes induced the loss of myotube integrity, mirroring the pathological myotube breakdown inherent in DMD due to sarcolemmal instability. Moreover, damaged DMD tissues showed disease functional phenotypes, such as tetanic fatigue. We also evaluated the therapeutic effect of utrophin upregulator drug candidates on the functionality of the skeletal muscle tissues, thus providing deeper insight into the real impact of these treatments. Overall, our findings underscore the potential of bioengineered 3D skeletal muscle technology to advance DMD research and facilitate the development of novel therapies for DMD and related neuromuscular disorders.
The composition and mechanical properties of porcine placental ECM from three different breeds
Authors: Capella-Monsonís Héctor , Cramer Madeline , Turner Neill , Reing Janet , Zhang Li , Kronengold Russell T , Bartolacci Joseph , Badylak Stephen F 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Biologic scaffolds are extensively used in various clinical applications such as musculotendinous reconstruction, hernia repair or wound healing. Biologic scaffolds used in these applications vary in species, breed and tissue of origin, and other variables that affect their properties. Decellularization and sterilization processes also determine the characteristics of these scaffolds. The goal of the present study is to compare the composition and mechanical properties of decellularized porcine placental scaffolds from three different porcine breeds: Landrace, York and Duroc. Placental extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds from the three porcine breeds preserved the amnion/chorion ECM structure and the basement membrane markers laminin and collagen type IV. ECM placental scaffolds showed similar contents of collagen, elastin and lipids, and minimal differences in glycosaminoglycans content. Mechanical properties from the three breeds ECM placental scaffolds were also similar and stable for 24 months. While this study serves as preliminary characterization of porcine ECM scaffolds, future studies will determine their compatibility and suitability for tissue engineering applications.
A simultaneous equations approach to analyze the sustainable water–energy–food nexus in South Korea
Authors: An Daehan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Factors such as climate change, economic development, population growth, pandemics, and geopolitical instability threaten water, energy, and food (WEF) security, which consequently put sustainability at risk. However, studies that simultaneously consider WEF security and sustainability aspects still need improvement. This research aimed to build a sustainable WEF nexus framework and analyze the interrelationships among water consumption, electricity demand, food production, and ecological footprint, considering the Environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis and external factors of the WEF nexus. For the empirical analysis, this study employed the three-stage least squares method to identify synergies and trade-offs in the sustainable WEF nexus in South Korea using panel data from 2005 to 2019. The results indicated that rice production causes excessive use of agricultural water, thereby deteriorating water availability and quality. This phenomenon leads to scarce water resources and environmental degradation, which negatively impact energy production and sustainability. Although increased agricultural productivity through automation improves food security, it can pose a threat to energy security by increasing electricity demand and energy imports. The EKC hypothesis test revealed that environmental problems cannot be solved through economic development. However, the indicators related to WEF security influence environmental sustainability rather than economic growth. These results indicate that WEF security and sustainability can be improved simultaneously by maximizing synergies and minimizing trade-offs within a sustainable WEF nexus. Therefore, this research provides a roadmap for policymakers regarding efficient ways to improve environmental quality and WEF security.
Impact of absorber layer thickness and defect density on the performance of MAPbI3 solar cells based on CuO2 as hole transport material
Authors: Hasan Mahmudul , Sultana S Maria , Papiya Sumaiya J , Salsabil Nafisa A , Musarrat Zarin , Tuba Sadia M , Nayan M Faysal 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Perovskite solar cells are a promising next-generation solar energy harvester because of their excellent photovoltaic performance and simple fabrication procedure. The high power conversion efficiency of this cell, together with its low cost of materials and processes, differentiates it from commercial silicon or other organic and inorganic solar cells. In this work, numerical simulation was performed using Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS)−1D for the device structure (FTO/HTM/ CH3NH3PbI3/ETM/Au) to analyze the impact of absorber layer thickness and defect density on various parameters of Photovoltaic cells. The purpose of this research was to explore the properties of CH3NH3PbI3-based solar cells with different HTM layers, such as Cu2O and ETM layers, such as SnO2, TiO2, and ZnO, respectively. Additionally, the thicknesses of the perovskite absorber are adjusted to obtain the highest photovoltaic efficiency, and the impact of the defect at the perovskite absorber layer on solar cell performance is also investigated. According to the findings of this article, the thickness of the absorber layer and defect density in a perovskite solar cell had a significant impact on JSC, FF, VOC, and efficiency. The findings show a substantial gain in efficiency (18%) when the ETM layer is ZnO. As the defect density of the absorber layer increases, the JSC, VOC, FF, and PCE values of perovskite solar cells decrease considerably. According to our findings, the ZnO as ETM is the most likely to provide a high photovoltaic (PV) efficiency when combined with Cu2O-based HTM.
Algorithm for automatic optimizing cross-cut saw based on computer vision techniques
Authors: Ma Hailong , Shao Mingwei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The optimization of timber classification by grades and defect detection plays an important role in the production of timbers. Traditionally, a timber is manually cut by a worker according to his experience. Defect detection and classification of a timber are with great subjectivity. Meanwhile, the action is not safe enough. In this case, an automatic optimizing cross-cut saw to finish these tasks of timber classification by grades and defect detection is built significantly. Related algorithms and detailed procedures for optimizing cross-cut saws are proposed in this paper. Additionally, a vision system is used to capture images of a timber. Captured images are analyzed and processed. First, defects in these images are detected. Then the serviceable part (defect-free) of a timber can be determined. Based on the pretrained network, the timber can be classified. As the homography matrix has been known, the physical position can be confirmed. In our proposed system, the cutting list is transmitted from the industrial control computer to a motion control system, then the timber can be cut according to the cutting list automatically. In this paper, related algorithms and detailed procedures are given. Moreover, a new optimizing cross-cut saw is built. Experiments show that the processing time for each image is about 0.026s and the minimum mean average precision is 94.15%. In this case, it can make the optimizing cross-cut saw efficient, labor-saving and safe. Furthermore, related algorithms are suitable to improve a traditional automatic optimizing cross-cut saw.
Recycling of solid-state batteries—challenge and opportunity for a circular economy?
Authors: Jacob Martine , Wissel Kerstin , Clemens Oliver 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The tremendous efforts made in the research field of solid-state Li-ion batteries have led to considerable advancement of this technology and the first market-ready systems can be expected in the near future. The research community is currently investigating different solid-state electrolyte classes (e.g. oxides, sulfides, halides and polymers) with a focus on further optimizing the synthesis and electrochemical performance. However, so far, the development of sustainable recycling strategies allowing for an efficient backflow of critical elements contained in these batteries into the economic cycle and thus a transition from a linear to a circular economy lags behind. In this contribution, resource aspects with respect to the chemical value of crucial materials, which are used for the synthesis of solid-state electrolytes are being discussed. Furthermore, an overview of possible approaches in relation to their challenges and opportunities for the recycling of solid-state batteries with respect to different solid-state electrolyte classes by means of pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy and direct recycling/dissolution-based separation processes is given. Based on these considerations and with reference to previous research, it will be shown that different solid-state electrolytes will require individually adapted recycling processes to be suitably designed for a circular economy and that further improvements and investigations will be required.
The occurrence of cancer in ageing populations at global and regional levels, 1990 to 2019
Authors: Ju Wen , Zheng Rongshou , Wang Shaoming , Zhang Siwei , Zeng Hongmei , Chen Ru , Sun Kexin , Li Li , Wei Wenqiang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
population ageing contributes to increased cancer cases and deaths and has profound implications for global healthcare systems. We estimated the trends of cancer cases and deaths in ageing populations at global and regional levels.

Methods
using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, we analysed the change in cancer cases and deaths associated with population ageing, population growth and epidemiological factors from 1990 to 2019 using decomposition analysis. Additionally, we estimated the proportions of people aged 65 years and over accounting for total cases and deaths, and investigated relationships between the proportions and the Sociodemographic Index (SDI) using the Pearson correlation coefficient.

Results
from 1990 to 2019, there was an increase of 128.9% for total cases and 74.8% for total deaths in all cancers combined; the percentages of older people increased from 48.6% to 56.4% for cases and from 52.0% to 61.9% for deaths. Population ageing contributed to the largest increase in global cancer occurrence, with 56.5% for cases and 63.3% for deaths. However, the changes attributed to epidemiological factors was 5.2% for cancer cases and −33.4% for cancer deaths. The proportions of total cases and deaths of older adults were positively correlated with socioeconomic development of the country.

Conclusion
our findings revealed that the main contributor to increased cancer cases and deaths has changed from comprehensive epidemiological factors to demographic shifts. To respond to the rapidly growing occurrence of cancer in ageing populations, the global health priority should focus on meeting the rising demand for cancer diagnosis, treatment and care services for older people.
Risk of adverse events following the initiation of antihypertensives in older people with complex health needs: a self-controlled case series in the United Kingdom
Authors: Jödicke Annika M , Tan Eng Hooi , Robinson Danielle E , Delmestri Antonella , Prieto-Alhambra Daniel 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
We assessed the risk of adverse events—severe acute kidney injury (AKI), falls and fractures—associated with use of antihypertensives in older patients with complex health needs (CHN).

Setting
UK primary care linked to inpatient and mortality records.

Methods
The source population comprised patients aged &gt;65, with ≥1 year of registration and unexposed to antihypertensives in the year before study start. We identified three cohorts of patients with CHN, namely, unplanned hospitalisations, frailty (electronic frailty index deficit count ≥3) and polypharmacy (prescription of ≥10 medicines). Patients in any of these cohorts were included in the CHN cohort. We conducted self-controlled case series for each cohort and outcome (AKI, falls, fractures). Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were estimated by dividing event rates (i) during overall antihypertensive exposed patient-time over unexposed patient-time; and (ii) in the first 30 days after treatment initiation over unexposed patient-time.

Results
Among 42,483 patients in the CHN cohort, 7,240, 5,164 and 450 individuals had falls, fractures or AKI, respectively. We observed an increased risk for AKI associated with exposure to antihypertensives across all cohorts (CHN: IRR 2.36 [95% CI: 1.68–3.31]). In the 30 days post-antihypertensive treatment initiation, a 35–50% increased risk for falls was found across all cohorts and increased fracture risk in the frailty cohort (IRR 1.38 [1.03–1.84]). No increased risk for falls/fractures was associated with continuation of antihypertensive treatment or overall use.

Conclusion
Treatment with antihypertensives in older patients was associated with increased risk of AKI and transiently elevated risk of falls in the 30 days after starting antihypertensive therapy.
BondGraphs.jl: composable energy-based modelling in systems biology
Authors: Forrest Joshua , Rajagopal Vijay , Stumpf Michael P H , Pan Michael 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Summary
BondGraphs.jl is a Julia implementation of bond graphs. Bond graphs provide a modelling framework that describes energy flow through a physical system and by construction enforce thermodynamic constraints. The framework is widely used in engineering and has recently been shown to be a powerful approach for modelling biology. Models are mutable, hierarchical, multiscale, and multiphysics, and BondGraphs.jl is compatible with the Julia modelling ecosystem.

Availability and implementation
BondGraphs.jl is freely available under the MIT license. Source code and documentation can be found at https://github.com/jedforrest/BondGraphs.jl.
BQsupports: systematic assessment of the support and novelty of new biomedical associations
Authors: Fernández-Torras Adrià , Locatelli Martina , Bertoni Martino , Aloy Patrick 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Motivation
Living a Big Data era in Biomedicine, there is an unmet need to systematically assess experimental observations in the context of available information. This assessment would offer a means for a comprehensive and robust validation of biomedical data results and provide an initial estimate of the potential novelty of the findings.

Results
Here we present BQsupports, a web-based tool built upon the Bioteque biomedical descriptors that systematically analyzes and quantifies the current support to a given set of observations. The tool relies on over 1000 distinct types of biomedical descriptors, covering over 11 different biological and chemical entities, including genes, cell lines, diseases, and small molecules. By exploring hundreds of descriptors, BQsupports provide support scores for each observation across a wide variety of biomedical contexts. These scores are then aggregated to summarize the biomedical support of the assessed dataset as a whole. Finally, the BQsupports also suggests predictive features of the given dataset, which can be exploited in downstream machine learning applications.

Availability and implementation
The web application and underlying data are available online (https://bqsupports.irbbarcelona.org).
In vitro callus induction and evaluation of antioxidant activity of Rhinacanthus nasutus (L.) Kurz
Authors: Yaowachai Wipa , Luecha Prathan , Taratima Worasitikulya 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Rhinacanthus nasutus (L.) Kurz is used in Thai traditional medicine for the treatment of skin diseases, ringworm, and eczema. This research studied the effects of cytokinin and auxins on callus induction and evaluated antioxidant activity of R. nasutus. Nodes, young, and mature leaf explants were cultured on MS medium containing 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 mg/l kinetin (6-furfurylaminopurine) and 0, 1 mg/l 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) for 6 weeks to induce callus. Calli derived from nodes, young and mature leaves, and other plant parts were ultrasonically extracted with methanol to determine total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activity by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhtdrazyl (DPPH), and 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays. Nodal explants on MS medium containing 1 mg/l kinetin combined with 1 mg/l 2,4-D were most efficient in callus production with the average fresh and dry weight per explant of 2.29 ± 0.14 and 0.18 ± 0.01 g, respectively. Addition of kinetin combined with NAA or 2,4-D had a positive effect on callus induction from young and mature leaf explants. The leaf extract showed the highest TPC, TFC, FRAP, and IC50 of DPPH and ABTS assays (ca 113 mg GAE/g extract, 45 mg QE/g extract, 121 mg TE/g extract, 53 µg/ml and 14 µg/ml, respectively), followed by callus derived from nodes. Overall, phenolic content was higher than flavonoid content. A strong positive correlation was found between FRAP assay, TPC (r = 0.973), and TFC (r = 0.798), indicating that phenolic and flavonoid compounds are responsible for antioxidant activity of R. nasutus.
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antibody overlapping syndrome: insights from the recent case reports
Authors: Du Bing-Qing , Lai Qi-Lun , Li Er-Chuang , Cai Meng-Ting , Fang Gao-Li , Shen Chun-Hong , Zhang Yin-Xi , Ding Mei-Ping 
Published: September 2023

Summary
The overlapping of two or more types of neural autoantibodies in one patient has increasingly been documented in recent years. The coexistence of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibodies is most common, which leads to a unique condition known as the MOG antibody and NMDAR antibody overlapping syndrome (MNOS). Here, we have reviewed the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, paraclinical features, and treatment of MNOS. Forty-nine patients with MNOS were included in this study. They were young males with a median onset age of 23 years. No tumors were observed in the patients, and 24 of them reported prodromal symptoms. The most common clinical presentations were psychiatric symptoms (35/49) and seizures (25/49). Abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging involved the brainstem (11/49), cerebellum (9/49), and parietal lobe (9/49). Most patients mostly responded to immunotherapy and had a good long-term prognosis. However, the overall recurrence rate of MNOS was higher than that of mono antibody-positive diseases. The existence of concurrent NMDAR antibodies should be suspected in patients with MOG antibody-associated disease having psychiatric symptoms, seizures, movement disorders, or autonomic dysfunction. Similarly, serum MOG antibody testing should be performed when patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis present with atypical clinical manifestations, such as visual impairment and limb weakness, and neuroradiological findings, such as optic nerve, spinal cord, or infratentorial involvement or meningeal enhancement. Early detection of the syndrome and prompt treatment can be beneficial for these patients, and maintenance immunosuppressive therapy is recommended due to the high overall recurrence rate of the syndrome.