bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterizing Associations of QTc Interval with Nocturnal Glycemic Control in Children with Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Gotta Verena , Bachmann Sara , Pfister Marc , Donner Birgit 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAn association between QT prolongation (Bazett's corrected QT interval, QTcB) of 7 milliseconds and nocturnal hypoglycemia, compared with euglycemia, has been observed in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The objective of this pharmacometric analysis was to understand this association and other sources of QTc variability quantitatively. Data originate from a prospective observational study (25 cardiac healthy children with T1D, aged 8.1‐17.6 years) with continuous subcutaneous glucose and electrocardiogram measurements for 5 consecutive nights. Mixed‐effect modeling was used to compare QTcB with individual heart‐rate correction (QTcI). Covariate models accounting for circadian variation, age, and sex were evaluated, followed by an investigation of glucose–QTc relationships (with univariable and combined adjusted analysis). Factors potentially modifying sensitivity to QTc lengthening were explored. Random inter‐individual variability was reduced in the QTcI versus QTcB model (±12.6 vs 14.1 milliseconds), and was further reduced in the adjusted covariate model (±9.7 milliseconds), accounting for the significantly (P < .01) shortened QTc in adolescent boys (–14.6 milliseconds), circadian variation (amplitude, 19.2 milliseconds; shift, 2.9 hours), and linear glucose–QTc relationship (delay rate, 0.56−h; slope, 0.76 milliseconds [95%CI 0.67‐ 0.85 milliseconds] per 1 mmol/L decrease in glucose). Differing sensitivity was suggested to depend upon hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), T1D duration, and time spent in nocturnal hypoglycemia. In conclusion, a clinically mild association of QTc prolongation with nocturnal hypoglycemia was confirmed and quantified in this pharmacometric analysis, and the longest QTc interval was around 03:00 a.m. The characterized delayed association with glucose highlights the relevance of both the extent and the duration of hypoglycemia. Further clinical studies are warranted to investigate whether these factors contribute to increased risk of hypoglycemia‐associated cardiac arrhythmia in children with T1D.
Extramedullary hematopoietic pleural effusion in Waldenström's macroglobulinemia
Authors: Ito Kenichi , Harada Kunihiko , Uchino Yoshihito , Hirano Kazuhiko , Sekiguchi Naohiro 
Published: July 2023

AbstractExtramedullary hematopoietic effusion (EHE) is one of the extremely rare phenomena associated with extramedullary hematopoiesis, which is caused by serous effusions, including pleural effusion, and may be related to hematologic disorders and neoplasms. Herein, we present the case of an 81‐year‐old man with EHE accompanying Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (WM). The patient complained of anemia and dyspnea. The chest X‐ray and computed tomography showed a massive left pleural effusion, and the aspirates revealed infiltration of the immature myeloid cells and megakaryocytes, in addition to the lymphoma cells. To our knowledge, this is the first report of EHE in WM.
Patterns of person‐centred communications in public HIV clinics: a latent class analysis using the Roter interaction analysis system
Authors: Mukamba Njekwa , Mwamba Chanda , Redkar Salil , Foloko Marksman , Lumbo Kasapo , Nyirenda Herbert , Roter Debra L. , Mulabe Musunge , Sharma Anjali , Simbeza Sandra , Sikombe Kombatende , Beres Laura K. , Pry Jake M. , Christopoulos Katerina , Holmes Charles B. , Geng Elvin H. , Sikazwe Izukanji , Bolton‐Moore Carolyn , Mody Aaloke 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionPoor client−provider communication is a critical barrier to long‐term retention in care among people living with HIV. However, standardized assessments of this key metric are limited in Africa. We used the Roter Interaction Analysis System (RIAS) to quantitatively characterize patterns of person‐centred communication (PCC) behaviours in Zambia.MethodsWe enrolled pairs of people living with HIV making routine HIV follow‐up visit and their providers at 24 Ministry of Health‐facilities supported by the Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia in Lusaka province between August 2019 and November 2021. Client−provider encounters were audio‐recorded and coded using RIAS by trained research staff. We performed latent class analysis to identify interactions with distinctive patterns of provider PCC behaviours (i.e. rapport building, person‐centred counselling, PCC micropractices [e.g. brief empathy statements], assessing barriers to care, shared decision‐making and leveraging discretionary power) and compared their distribution across client, provider, interaction and facility characteristics.ResultsWe enrolled 478 people living with HIV and 139 providers (14% nurses, 73.6% clinical officers, 12.3% were medical officers). We identified four distinct profiles: (1) “Medically Oriented Interaction, Minimal PCC Behaviours” (47.6% of interactions) was characterized by medical discussion, minimal psychosocial/non‐medical talk and low use of PCC behaviours; (2) “Balanced Medical/Non‐medical Interaction, Low PCC Behaviours” (21.0%) was characterized by medical and non‐medical discussion but limited use of other PCC behaviours; (3) “Medically Oriented Interaction, Good PCC Behaviours” (23.9%) was characterized by medically oriented discussion, more information‐giving and increased use of PCC behaviours; and (4) “Highly person‐centred Interaction” (7.5%) was characterized by both balanced medical/non‐medical focus and the highest use of PCC behaviours. Nurse interactions were more likely to be characterized by more PCC behaviours (i.e. Class 3 or 4) (44.8%), followed by medical officers (33.9%) and clinical officers (27.3%) (p = 0.031). Longer interactions were also more likely to integrate more PCC behaviours (p < 0.001).ConclusionsPCC behaviours are relatively uncommon in HIV care in Zambia, and often limited to brief rapport‐building statements and PCC micropractices. Strengthening PCC, such as shared decision‐making and leveraging discretionary power to better accommodate client needs and preferences, may be an important strategy for improving the quality in HIV treatment programmes.
‘Liars are less detailed’ …So what? Comparing two recall instructions to detect deception within‐subject
Authors: Srour Camille , Py Jacques , Grimaud Chloé , Roche Solène 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMost deception research provides between‐subject results (e.g., liars give on average less detailed accounts), which might be of limited value for professionals evaluating credibility on an individual basis. This study examines the optimal instructions of a within‐subject multiple recalls strategy to detect deception. A total of 110 participants, divided into a Lie and Truth group, were randomly placed into four interview conditions: two Basic report‐everything instructions (1), a Basic recall followed by an Open depth instruction (2), a Basic recall followed by the Verifiability Approach and Information Protocol (3), and two recalls with the Verifiability Approach and Information Protocol (4). All recalls were coded for total details and verifiable details. Group (lie and truth) × Recall (first and second) was only significant in condition 3, with truth tellers providing more verifiable details in the second recall than the first. A simple within‐subject decision rule was derived, allowing a 76.9% discrimination rate. Professionals can optimally evaluate credibility using two recalls (Basic recall followed by Verifiability Approach and Information Protocol) and observing the evolution of verifiable details.
The causal role of gut microbiota in susceptibility and severity of COVID‐19: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Chen Han , Ye Bixing , Su Wei , Song Ying , Sun Pei‐Li , Zhou Xiaoying , Zhang Guoxin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGrowing evidence has shown that altered gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of COVID‐19, but their causal effects are still unclear. We conducted a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study to assess the causal effects of gut microbiota on COVID‐19 susceptibility or severity, and vice versa. The microbiome genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) data of 18 340 individuals and GWAS statistics from the COVID‐19 host genetics initiative (38 984 European patients and 1 644 784 controls) were used as exposure and outcomes. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) was used as the primary MR analysis. Sensitivity analyses were performed to validate the robustness, pleiotropy, and heterogeneity of results. In the forward MR, we identified several microbial genera with causal effects on COVID‐19 susceptibility (p < 0.05 and FDR < 0.1): Alloprevotella (odds ratio [OR]: 1.088, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.021–1.160), Coprococcus (OR: 1.159, 95% CI: 1.030–1.304), Parasutterella (OR: 0.902, 95% CI: 0.836–0.973), and Ruminococcaceae UCG014 (OR: 0.878, 95% CI: 0.777–0.992). The Reverse MR identified that exposure to COVID‐19 had causal effects on the depletion of the families Lactobacillaceae (Beta [SE]: −0.220 [0.101]) and Lachnospiraceae (−0.129 [0.062]), the genera Flavonifractor (−0.180 [0.081]) and Lachnoclostridium [−0.181 [0.063]). Our findings supported the causal effect of gut microbiota on the pathogenesis of COVID‐19, and infection of COVID‐19 might further causally induce gut microbiota dysbiosis.
Degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in smoked sausages by ultraviolet irradiation
Authors: Lu Jingnan , Kong Ling , Fang Hongmei , Cai Kezhou , Zhou Hui , Xu Baocai 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundUltraviolet (UV) irradiation has been widely employed to disinfect food, however, the efficacy of UV irradiation in degrading polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in smoked sausages has not been explored. In this article, the UV degradation ability of PAHs in smoked sausages was investigated with different UV irradiation conditions, including different irradiation powers, durations and wavelengths. The effects of UV radiation on the quality of sausages were also evaluated, and potential degradation mechanisms were elucidated.ResultsThe results showed that the irradiation duration was the primary determinant of PAHs degradation, achieving 84.4% and 84.2% degradation rates at 16 W and 32 W power for 30 min, respectively. Among the three UV wavelengths assessed, 254 nm demonstrated a significantly higher degradation rate for benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), PAH4 and PAHs compared to 365 nm and 310 nm. To further explore the degradation mechanism, UV irradiation was combined with water, 0.1 mol/L hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and 0.1 mol/L ascorbic acid (vitamin C) coatings. The 0.1 mol/L H2O2 coating exhibited the most pronounced degradation effect, suggesting that the highly reactive oxygen hydroxyl radicals (·OH) generated by UV irradiation played a critical role in initiating redox reactions.ConclusionThis systematic investigation paves the way for developing novel strategies to eliminate PAHs or other organic contaminants from smoked sausages. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Using nanocellulose to improve heat‐induced cull cow meat myofibrillar protein gels: effects of particle morphology and content
Authors: Shen Ruixi , Tian Xiaojing , Yang Qinghua , Zhang Kai , Zhang Huan , Wang Xinhua , Bai Lei , Wang Wenhang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundEnhancing protein gel properties is essential to improve the texture of meat products. In this study, the improvement effects of three types of nanocellulose, i.e. rod‐like cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), long‐chain cellulose nanofibers (CNF) and spherical cellulose nanospheres (CNS) with different concentrations (1, 3, 5, 10, 15 and 20 g kg−1), on cull cow meat myofibrillar protein (MP) gel were investigated.ResultsCompared with needle‐shaped CNC and spherical CNS, the addition of 10 and 20 g kg−1 long‐chain CNF had the most significant improvement effect on gel hardness and water‐holding capacity, respectively (P < 0.05), increasing to 160.1 g and 97.8%, respectively. In addition, the incorporation of long‐chain CNF shortened the T2 relaxation time and induced the formation of the densest network structure and promoted the phase transition of the gel. However, excessive filling of nanocellulose would destroy the structure of the gel, which was not conducive to the improvement of gel properties. Fourier transform infrared results showed that there was no chemical reaction between the three nanocellulose types and MP, but the addition of nanocellulose was conducive to gel formation.ConclusionThe improvement of MP gel properties by adding nanocellulose mainly depends on its morphology and concentration. Nanocellulose with higher aspect ratio is more beneficial to the improvement of gel properties. For each nanocellulose type, there is an optimal addition amount for MP gel improvement. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Temperature‐induced dispersive solid‐phase extraction as a new approach for preconcentration of Sudan dyes in water and food samples prior to the determination by high‐performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Jamali Mohammad Reza , Tavakoli Maedeh , Nezhadali Azizollah 
Published: July 2023

This study introduced a new microextraction method named temperature‐induced dispersive solid‐phase extraction. The performance of the method was demonstrated with the determination of Sudan dyes in food and natural water samples. In this method, a low quantity of sorbent was added to the aqueous solution and the mixture was shaken manually for about one minute. Then, the solution was heated in an ultrasonic water bath, and the sorbent was dissolved. Subsequently, the solution was cooled down with ice water, and consequently, the solubility of the sorbent was reduced in the sample solution and became cloudy. The phase separation was accelerated by centrifugation. The upper liquid phase was picked up using a syringe, and the remainder was solved in methanol and introduced into the HPLC for analysis. Various parameters affecting the extraction yield were evaluated. Analytical parameters, including limits of detection (0.011–0.016 μg/L) and quantification (0.038–0.055 μg/L), relative standard deviations (2.3%–3.1%), and preconcentration factor (40) proved the high efficiency of the developed method for the analysis of Sudan dyes. The proposed method was used to measure Sudan dyes in water and food samples and showed good extraction recoveries (95.0%–103.5%).
Serum HSF1 is upregulated in endometriosis patients and serves as a potential diagnostic biomarker
Authors: Pan Hui‐Ying , Wan Jing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEndometriosis (EMS) is a prevalent gynecological condition lacking reliable diagnostic biomarkers. This prospective study aimed to analyze the potential of serum heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) as a diagnostic marker for EMS. Clinical features of 92 EMS patients and 52 controls were recorded, revealing significant differences in dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, pelvic pain, nulliparity, and CA125 levels. Serum HSF1 was upregulated in EMS patients, with higher levels in American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) III/IV than ASRM I/II. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated good diagnostic function for serum HSF1 (AUC: 0.857, sensitivity: 91.30%, specificity: 63.46%). Serum HSF1, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and nulliparity were independent risk factors for EMS, while dysmenorrhea and serum HSF1 were independent risk factors for EMS severity. Additionally, the GSE25628 dataset was downloaded from the GEO database for differential analysis of gene expression. The HSF1 downstream target genes PTGES3, HSP90AA1, and HSPB1 showed significant differential expression in EMS, suggesting their involvement in the regulatory mechanism of HSF1 in EMS.
Toward classification of codimension 1 foliations on threefolds of general type
Authors: Golota Aleksei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to classify codimension 1 foliations with canonical singularities and on threefolds of general type. I prove a classification result for foliations satisfying these conditions and having nontrivial algebraic part. We also describe purely transcendental foliations with the canonical class being not big on manifolds of general type in any dimension, assuming that is nonsingular in codimension 2.
Exact decay rates for weakly coupled systems with indirect damping by fractional memory effects
Authors: Oliveira Rafael Lima , Oquendo Higidio Portillo , Buriol Celene 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper deals with the asymptotic behavior of a weakly coupled system of two equations in which one of them has a dissipative mechanism given by a memory term. This term depends on the fractional operator with exponent . We show that strong solutions of the system decay polynomially with a rate that depends on both the exponent θ and wave propagation speeds. Optimal decay rates are found and the results show a surprising aspect: More regular damping does not necessarily imply a faster decay.
On composition operators between weighted (LF)‐ and (PLB)‐spaces of continuous functions
Authors: Albanese Angela A. , Mele Claudio 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLet X be a locally compact Hausdorff topological space, let be a system of positive continuous functions on X and let φ be a continuous self‐map on X. The composition operators on the weighted function (LF)‐spaces (, resp.) and on the weighted function (PLB)‐spaces (, resp.) are studied. We characterize when the operator acts continuously on such spaces in terms of the system and the map φ, as well as we determine conditions on and φ which correspond to various basic properties of the composition operator , like boundedness, compactness, and weak compactness. Our approach requires a study of the continuity, boundedness, (weak) compactness of the linear operators between (LF)‐spaces and (PLB)‐spaces.
On the noncollapsedness of positively curved Type I ancient Ricci flows
Authors: Cheng Liang , Zhang Yongjia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study complete Type I ancient Ricci flows with positive sectional curvature. Our main results are as follows: in the complete and noncompact case, all such ancient solutions must be noncollapsed on all scales; in the closed case, if the dimension is even, then all such ancient solutions must be noncollapsed on all scales. This furthermore gives a complete classification for three‐dimensional noncompact Type I ancient solutions without assuming the noncollapsing condition.
Development of biodegradable and low‐cost electromagnetic shielding composite by waste porous biochar and poly (butylene succinate)
Authors: Wang Hao , Xu Runmin , Dong Lujie , Zhang Xi , Tu Daowu , Wu Liangkui , Wu Zicheng , Chen Yuxia , Guo Yong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPinecone is a lignocellulosic forest waste that has industrial value‐added importance in energy and material production. To deepen the functional utilization of agricultural and forestry waste, exploration of materials for high‐performance electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding prevents pollution from electromagnetic radiations. Herein, low cost, environment‐friendly, and efficient electromagnetic wave absorbing composites were obtained by simple and effective method using agricultural and forestry waste pinecone biochar (PB) as the carbon source and poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) as a biodegradable thermoplastic matrix. The effect of biochar content, biochar chemical and physical modification on properties of composite, especially electrical conductivity and EMI shielding performance have been investigated. Results showed that the electromagnetic shielding property of the material increased with an increase in biochar content, and the value was 54.51 dB when the pine cone charcoal content was 55%. Furthermore, these composites also showed improved thermal stability and adequate mechanical strength. Compared to untreated biochar and add coupling agents, the pickling treatment of biochar was a more effective way to enhance the EMI shielding (to 41.23%) and other properties of the composite. Furthermore, the experimental results show that it is possible to produce fully biodegradable functional polymer composites from agricultural waste.
Prenatal diagnosis of CLCN4‐related neurodevelopmental disorder in fetuses with congenital brain anomalies
Authors: Lam Zena , Wall Elizabeth , Ryan Gavin , Barber Richard , Kilby Mark D. , Williams Denise K. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe report two male fetuses born to a healthy unrelated couple, with agenesis of the corpus callosum identified on detailed 20‐week ultrasound scans and confirmed by in‐utero MRI. Whole‐genome sequencing identified a likely pathogenic missense variant in the CLCN4 gene, establishing this as the causative gene in the family. Pathogenic variants in the CLCN4 gene cause a neurodevelopmental disorder (also called Raynaud‐Claes syndrome) inherited in an X‐linked pattern. The disorder is characterised by developmental delay, intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, epilepsy, mental health conditions, and significant feeding difficulties, predominantly, but not exclusively, affecting males. This is the first report of a prenatal phenotype associated with variants in the CLCN4 gene. The diagnosis of the CLCN4‐related neurodevelopmental disorder in this family allowed accurate genetic counseling and discussion of reproductive choices. This leaves uncertainty about the possibility of a postnatal neurodevelopmental phenotype in heterozygous females, which we discuss.
Efficacy of five nematicides against root‐knot nematode when applied via single and double drip tapes in a Florida sandy soil
Authors: Bui Hung X. , Desaeger Johan A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe efficacy of drip‐applied nematicides depends on adequate product distribution, which can be difficult in sandy soils. Three new non‐fumigant nematicides (fluazaindolizine, fluensulfone, fluopyram), together with two old nematicides, oxamyl and metam potassium, were evaluated when applied via single and double drip tapes to control root‐knot nematode in cucumber and squash in Florida between February 2020 and December 2022.ResultsNematicide applications via double drip tapes resulted in lower root gall infection (and tend to have higher yield) as compared to a single tape for fluopyram, but no difference was noted between single and double tapes for oxamyl and fluazaindolizine. Fluensulfone response was somewhere in between and metam potassium had higher squash yield when applied with double tapes. Root‐knot infection was higher in cucumber than in squash, and metam potassium had the highest yields and lowest nematode infection compared to other nematicide treatments.ConclusionThe benefit of double versus single drip tapes depended on the type of nematicide that was applied and was evident for nematicides that have poor water solubility like fluopyram. Some benefit was noted for metam potassium, but no or limited benefit was noted for oxamyl, fluazaindolizine and fluensulfone. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.