bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paternal alcohol exposure attenuates maintenance and reinstated operant responding for alcohol in the offspring of rats
Authors: Nieto Steven J. , Kosten Therese A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe heritability of alcohol use disorder is close to 50%, yet common genetic variants account for less than 5% of risk. The missing heritability may reflect environmental exposure in the parents prior to conception. Indeed, paternal alcohol exposure has many behavioral and biological consequences for rodent offspring. We recently found that paternal alcohol exposure attenuated the acquisition of operant alcohol self‐administration in offspring of rats of both sexes. Here we test whether this effect extends to other phases of operant self‐administration thought to model motivation, craving, and relapse.MethodsWistar male rats exposed to alcohol vapors or air for 6 weeks were mated with alcohol‐naïve females 8 weeks later. The adult offspring were trained to lever press for alcohol and tested under several conditions: (1) maintenance responding under a progressive ratio schedule, (2) extinction responding due to removal of the alcohol delivery contingency, (3) reinstatement of extinguished responding in the presence of alcohol‐associated cues, and (4) reinitiation of lever press responding for alcohol delivery under fixed and progressive ratio schedules.ResultsAlcohol‐sired offspring showed reduced responding under the progressive ratio schedule and blunted cue‐induced reinstatement of extinguished responding. Alcohol‐sired offspring also emitted fewer responses during extinction sessions and did not reinitiate responding to the same extent as control‐sired rats after alcohol delivery was restored.ConclusionsAcross all conditions, paternal alcohol exposure led to a reduction in the reinforcing effects of alcohol in offspring. These results are consistent with studies conducted with paternal cocaine exposure except that here we find effects in rats of both sexes.
Quantitative history studies on China: State capacity, institutions, culture and human capital from prehistoric times to the present
Authors: Chen Zhiwu , Ma Chicheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractVolumes of historical archives in China have been digitised, from which various datasets have been constructed for scholarly inquiry. Furthermore, the excavation of thousands of archaeological sites provided detailed data about prehistoric development across China's landmass. As a result, there has been remarkable progress in quantitative studies on China's past. This article reviews recent work in five theme areas to provide a background for the papers included in this special issue. These themes include state formation, Confucianism, human capital, Christian missionaries, and long‐term persistence studies. The five papers in this issue fall into these themes and are introduced where appropriate.
Patch test results in dental staff with dermatitis
Authors: Stoeva Iliyana , Kanazirska Petya , Dogandzhiyska Violeta , Karova Emilia , Tomova Zlatina , Chervenkov Lyubomir 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundDental workers are exposed to allergenic materials in the workplace.ObjectivesTo summarize patch test results in dental staff with work‐related dermatitis.Materials and MethodsCross‐sectional study of dental staff with dermatitis was conducted. Symptoms, clinical findings and results from patch tests with 40 dental allergens were summarized.ResultsOf 329 participants, 155 (47.1%) had at least one positive patch reaction. The highest frequency of positive reactions was observed for metals (38.6%), acrylics (7.3%) and additives in acrylic resins (3.6%). One hundred and eighty‐five (56.2%) participants were currently symptomatic; in this group, 79 (42.7%) had current dermatitis. Thirty‐eight patients had at least one positive patch test considered occupationally related to their current dermatitis.ConclusionAlmost half of the dental staff with dermatitis had at least one positive patch test and approximately 12% had current occupational relevance of the allergens. Our results underscore the importance of patch testing in the evaluation of dental staff with dermatitis.
Longitudinal profile of high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein in women with pre‐eclampsia
Authors: Dangat Kamini , Wadhwani Nisha , Randhir Karuna , Poddar Anupam , Gupte Sanjay , Wagh Girija , Lalwani Sanjay , Joshi Sadhana 
Published: June 2023

AbstractProblemC‐reactive protein (CRP) is a marker for inflammation and its role as a possible biomarker for an early prediction of pre‐eclampsia (PE) is unclear. The present study investigates the levels of high‐sensitivity CRP (hs‐CRP) longitudinally across pregnancy in women with PE and compares them to women without PE (non‐PE).Method of StudyA total of 324 pregnant women [216 non‐PE and 108 PE women] were included in this study. Maternal blood was taken at four different intervals (V1 = 11–14 weeks, V2 = 18–22 weeks, V3 = 26–28 weeks, and V4 = at delivery).ResultsMaternal serum hs‐CRP levels were higher at V1, V2, and V3 (p < .05 for all) in the PE group compared to the non‐PE group. The hs‐CRP levels were associated with maternal blood pressure throughout pregnancy. Maternal hs‐CRP levels did not differ among early and late onset PE. Higher maternal hs‐CRP levels were associated with the increased risk of PE in unadjusted model in early pregnancy. However, there was no significance after adjusting for confounding factors.ConclusionsOur findings suggest although the levels of hs‐CRP were higher in PE in early pregnancy, they are not associated with an increased risk of PE.
Implementation of the South Australian Regional Telestroke service is associated with improved care quality and lower stroke mortality: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Goh Rudy , Hillier Susan , Kelly Thu‐Lan , Worley Anthea , Dixon Karen , Kurunawai Craig , Tan Aaron , Mahadevan Joshua , Willcourt Matthew , Jannes Jim , Kleinig Timothy 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionStroke in Regional Australia may have worse outcomes due to difficulties accessing optimal care. The South Australian Regional Telestroke service aimed to improve telestroke neurologist access, supported by improved ambulance triage.ObjectiveTo assess stroke care quality and patient mortality pre‐ and postimplementation of a vascular neurologist‐led Telestroke service.DesignHistorically controlled mixed methods cohort study comparing key quality indicators and patient mortality (6 months pre‐ vs. 18 months postimplementation date [4 June 2018]) at the three major South Australian regional stroke centres. The primary outcome was 13 care quality indicators as a combined composite risk‐adjusted score, and the secondary outcome was risk‐adjusted mortality at 12‐month postadmission.FindingsOn an annualised basis, of 189 patients with stroke, more were admitted postintervention to the regional stroke centres than in the control period (158 [annualised rate 105.3, 95% CI 86.2–127.4] vs. 31 [annualised rate 62.0, 95% CI 47.5–79.5]) Baseline patient characteristics were similar in both periods. Post‐implementation, median last‐known‐well time to presentation (3.5 h [IQR 1.6–17] vs. 2.0 [IQR 1–14]; p = 0.46) and door to needle times (121 min [IQR 97–144] vs. 90 [IQR 75–138]; p = 0.65) were not significantly lower but an improvement in the combined composite quality score was observed (0.069 [95% CI 0.004–0.134; p = 0.04]), reflecting individual improvements in some quality indicators. Mortality at 12‐month postimplementation was substantially lower postimplementation (prechange 23% vs. postchange 13% [hazard ratio 0.58 (95% CI 0.44–0.76; p < 0.001)]).ConclusionImplementation of a South Australian Regional Telestroke service was associated with improved care metrics and lower mortality.
Heterogeneity in clinical practices for post‐cardiotomy extracorporeal life support: A pilot survey from the PELS‐1 multicenter study
Authors: Mariani Silvia , Bari Gabor , Ravaux Justine M. , van Bussel Bas C. T. , De Piero Maria Elena , Schaefer Ann‐Kristin , Jawad Khalil , Pozzi Matteo , Loforte Antonio , Kalampokas Nikolaos , Jankuviene Agne , Flecher Erwan , Hou Xiaotong , Bunge Jeroen J. H. , Sriranjan Kogulan , Salazar Leonardo , Meyns Bart , Mazzeffi Michael A. , Matteucci Sacha , Sponga Sandro , Ramanathan Kollengode , Costetti Alessandro , Formica Francesco , Sakiyalak Pranya , Fiore Antonio , Schmid Chistof , Raffa Giuseppe Maria , Castillo Roberto , Wang I‐wen , Jung Jae‐Seung , Grus Tomas , Pellegrino Vin , Bianchi Giacomo , Pettinari Matteo , Barbone Alessandro , Garcia José P. , Kowalewski Mariusz , Shekar Kiran , Whitman Glenn , Lorusso Roberto ,   the PELS‐1 Investigators
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundHigh‐quality evidence for post‐cardiotomy extracorporeal life support (PC‐ECLS) management is lacking. This study investigated real‐world PC‐ECLS clinical practices.MethodsThis cross‐sectional, multi‐institutional, international pilot survey explored center organization, anticoagulation management, left ventricular unloading, distal limb perfusion, PC‐ECLS monitoring, and transfusion practices. Twenty‐nine questions were distributed among 34 hospitals participating in the Post‐cardiotomy Extra‐Corporeal Life Support Study.ResultsOf the 32 centers [16 low‐volume (50%); 16 high‐volume (50%)] that responded, 16 (50%) had dedicated ECLS specialists. Twenty‐six centers (81.3%) reported using additional mechanical circulatory supports. Anticoagulation practices were highly heterogeneous: 24 hospitals (75%) reported using patients bleeding status as a guide, without a specific threshold in 54.2% of cases. Transfusion targets ranged from 7 to 10 g/dL. Most centers used cardiac venting on a case‐by‐case basis (78.1%) and regular distal limb perfusion (84.4%). Nineteen (54.9%) centers reported dedicated monitoring protocols, including daily echocardiography (87.5%), Swan‐Ganz catheterization (40.6%), cerebral near‐infrared spectroscopy (53.1%), and multimodal assessment of limb ischemia. Inspection of the circuit (71.9%), oxygenator pressure drop (68.8%), plasma free hemoglobin (75%), d‐dimer (59.4%), lactate dehydrogenase (56.3%), and fibrinogen (46.9%) are used to diagnose hemolysis and thrombosis.ConclusionsThis study shows remarkable heterogeneity in clinical practices for PC‐ECLS management. More standardized protocols and better implementation of the available evidence are recommended.
Do they see what he experiences? Objectification and sexual harassment
Authors: Wiener Richard L. , Vardsveen Trace C. , Petty Taylor 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTwo studies tested the hypothesis that men who are sexually objectified during an interview will experience a negative emotion, rate the experience as harassing, and perform badly on tasks compared to un‐objectified controls. However, observers who watch videos of objectified experiencers and predictors who read about the interaction will demonstrate stronger effects, with women showing the strongest. In Study 1, 90 undergraduates (60 men) were interviewees or watched a video of a mock job interview in a 2 (objectification: objectifying interview vs. non‐objectifying interview) × 3 (perspective: experiencer who was a man vs. observers, some men and some women) mixed model design with repeated measures on the second factor. In Study 2, 71 undergraduates read about a job interview in a 2 (objectification: objectifying vs. non‐objectifying interview) × 2 (gender: man vs. woman) between‐subjects design. Results showed that while objectified experiencers (men) showed no objectification effects, observers and predictors anticipated a reasonable person would experience more harassment than the experiencers reported, with observers’ enjoyment of sexualization moderating these forecasts. Additionally, the predictors’ forecasted negative emotions mediated the effects of objectification on judgments and task performance. These studies argue for informing Title VII's 2‐prong subjective‐objective test with social fact testimony in same‐sex harassment cases.
Movement disorders associated with antiseizure medications: A real‐world disproportionality analysis of the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System
Authors: Zhou Jianxing , Wei Zipeng , Chen Shengyang , Xie Helin , Huang Wei , Liu Maobai , Wu Xuemei 
Published: June 2023

AimsPatients with epilepsy often require long‐term use of antiseizure medications (ASMs) to control their seizures. However, movement disorders (MDs) related to ASMs can significantly impact their quality of life. This study aims to analyse MDs related to ASMs in the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System database to provide recommendations for safe medication.MethodsAll adverse drug reactions associated with 26 marketed ASMs in Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System were extracted for analysis. Disproportionality analyses were used to assess the association between ASMs and MDs, and signal colour scale maps were created to identify potential ASM–MD safety signals.ResultsA total of 1921 cases experienced MDs while taking ASMs were included. A higher prevalence of MDs was observed in females compared to males. The association between specific MDs with ASMs was revealed, including known and unknown MDs such as tremors, Parkinson and paralysis. Lamotrigine and carbamazepine exhibited multiple significant MDs, while levetiracetam and pregabalin were linked to the earlier onset of MDs. Generally, higher doses were linked to a higher incidence of MDs.ConclusionMDs were the most obvious adverse drug reactions in the nervous system triggered by using ASMs. Fourteen drugs exhibited positive signals for MDs, including some not previously reported. Conversely, 12 ASMs were deemed to have a lower possibility of inducing MDs. The incidence of MDs can be mitigated by selecting appropriate ASMs for epileptic patients. These findings enhance our understanding of the relationship between ASMs and MDs.
Equality‐enhancing potential of novel forms of assisted gestation: Perspectives of reproductive rights advocates
Authors: Romanis Elizabeth Chloe 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNovel forms of assisted gestation—uterus transplantation and artificial placentas—are highly anticipated in the ethico‐legal literature for their capacity to enhance reproductive autonomy. There are also, however, significant challenges anticipated in the development of novel forms of assisted gestation. While there is a normative exploration of these challenges in the literature, there has not yet, to my knowledge, been empirical research undertaken to explore what reproductive rights organisations and advocates identify as potential benefits and challenges. This perspective is invaluable. These organisations/individuals have an awareness not only of the needs of individuals but also of the political landscape in which regulatory decisions are made and which individuals navigate when seeking reproductive assistance. In this study, data was generated from two semi‐structured focus groups (n = 11). Reflective thematic analysis was used to examine the views raised by study participants in these focus groups. This paper explores two of the themes constructed in the data. First, the equality‐enhancing potential of assisted gestation exploring the multifaceted ways in which assisted gestation has structural benefits for marginalised groups. Second, realising the equality‐enhancing potential of assisted gestation explores the intersecting barriers to access to reproductive technologies and how they may impede the benefits of these technologies in practice. These results can enhance conceptual understanding of the importance of novel forms of assisted gestation and ensure that attention is paid to practical barriers in further normative research.
My point of view: Students with intellectual and communicative disabilities express their views on speech and reading using Talking Mats
Authors: Samuelsson Jenny , Holmer Emil , Johnels Jakob Å. , Palmqvist Lisa , Heimann Mikael , Reichenberg Monica , Thunberg Gunilla 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundIt can be challenging for people with intellectual disabilities to convey their thoughts and opinions because of cognitive, speech and language impairments. Consequently, facilitating their ability to communicate using augmentative and alternative communication methods is essential. The picture‐based framework Talking Mats has been applied in many studies and has been shown to be successful in facilitating communication and soliciting views from individuals with intellectual disabilities and communication difficulties. The aim of this study was to describe the views of students with intellectual disabilities and communication difficulties on speech and reading activities and to examine whether valence scores (from negative to positive) on these views were associated with performance on tests of their corresponding abilities.MethodsThis is a cross‐sectional quantitative survey study. A group of 111 students with intellectual disabilities and communication difficulties aged 7–21 were interviewed about their speech and reading activities using the visual framework Talking Mats. Their answers were scored on a three‐grade like‐dislike continuum and were correlated with their results on adapted tests of the corresponding abilities.FindingsThe students expressed their views on speech and reading activities. The scored views on speech were positively associated with speech production, and the scored views on reading activities were positively related to reading ability. This suggests that their opinions as expressed through Talking Mats were consistent and reliable.ConclusionsMost students with intellectual disabilities and communicative difficulties can reliably express their own opinions of their abilities when they are provided with a clear visual structure and pictorial support, such as Talking Mats. In this study, this was seen for students with a mild intellectual disability from age seven and onwards and for students with a more severe intellectual disability from 12 years of age and onwards.
The effects of broadcast on a team's market and on competitive balance from the perspective of fans maximizing utility
Authors: Cheah Hon Foong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe examine the decision of fans to attend the game or watch the exact televised match to address whether broadcast lowers revenue collected at the gate and worsens competitive balance. In most cases, broadcasts lower attendance and collection at the gate but do not necessarily worsen competitive balance. Weaker teams can benefit from broadcast revenue and catch up with their stronger counterpart. However, teams that make more money from broadcasts and a broad fan base can gain more advantages from broadcasts and worsen competitive balance.
Foreign players, team production, and technical efficiency: Evidence from European soccer
Authors: Boto‐García David , Varela‐Quintana Carlos , Muñiz Alvaro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAs on‐field success is nowadays the main objective of European soccer clubs, good management needs to extract the highest sport success from the squad talent at hand. Because teams differ in their quality, performance needs to be compared with the best practice of comparable units. One remarkable source of heterogeneity across teams is the squad composition, which can produce gains from diversity together with communication costs. The paper studies the efficiency in sporting performance of soccer teams, paying attention to how the number of foreign players relates to productive inefficiency. Using data for 146 teams in the top 5 European leagues during 10 seasons, we estimate a double heteroskedastic True Random Effects Stochastic Frontier team production function. We find that (i) the number of passes, ball recoveries, and shots from the penalty area improve team efficiency, and (ii) a higher number of foreign players increase inefficiency. Our findings suggest that gains from squad diversity might be offset by communication costs.
Basin scale evolution of zebra textures in fault‐controlled, hydrothermal dolomite bodies: Insights from the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin
Authors: McCormick Cole A. , Corlett Hilary , Clog Matthieu , Boyce Adrian J. , Tartèse Romain , Steele‐MacInnis Matthew , Hollis Cathy 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStructurally controlled dolomitization typically involves the interaction of high‐pressure (P), high‐temperature (T) fluids with the surrounding host rock. Such reactions are often accompanied by cementation and recrystallization, with the resulting hydrothermal dolomite (HTD) bodies including several ‘diagnostic’ rock textures. Zebra textures, associated with boxwork textures and dolomite breccias, are widely considered to reflect these elevated P/T conditions. Although a range of conceptual models have been proposed to explain the genesis of these rock textures, the processes that control their spatial and temporal evolution are still poorly understood. Through the detailed petrographical and geochemical analysis of HTD bodies, hosted in the Middle Cambrian strata in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin, this study demonstrates that a single genetic model cannot be applied to all the characteristics of these rock textures. Instead, a wide array of sedimentological, tectonic and metasomatic processes contribute to their formation; each of which is spatially and temporally variable at the basin scale. Distal to the fluid source, dolomitization is largely stratabound, comprising replacement dolomite, bedding‐parallel zebra textures and rare dolomite breccias (non‐stratabound, located only proximal to faults). Dolomitization is increasingly non‐stratabound with proximity to the fluid source, comprising bedding‐inclined zebra textures, boxwork textures and dolomite breccias that have been affected by recrystallization. Petrographical and geochemical evidence suggests that these rock textures were initiated due to dilatational fracturing, brecciation and precipitation of saddle dolomite as a cement, but significant recrystallization occurred during the later stages of dolomitization. These rock textures are closely associated with faults and carbonate‐hosted ore deposits (e.g. magnesite, rare earth element and Mississippi Valley–type mineralization), thus providing invaluable information regarding fluid flux and carbonate metasomatism under elevated P/T conditions.
Transition competence as an indicator of health outcomes related to transition
Authors: Markwart Henriette , Schmidt Silke , Thyen Ute , Ernst Gundula , Muehlan Holger 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundAdolescents and young adults (AYAs) with chronic conditions face a transfer, defined as an actual shift from paediatric to adult‐oriented health care. Transition competence as the self‐perceived knowledge, skills and abilities regarding the transition process was considered extremely useful.AimThis study was designed to investigate the impact of transition competence before and after the transfer on disease‐specific quality of life (QoL) and health care satisfaction of AYAs with diabetes.ResultsIn total, a sample of N = 90 AYAs with diabetes self‐reported their transition competence, diabetes‐specific QoL and satisfaction with care. Multiple linear regressions were used to analyse the impact of transition competence on satisfaction with care and QoL. Transition competence positively influenced the outcomes of satisfaction with care and QoL.ConclusionYoung adults with diabetes showed higher transition competence scores than adolescents with diabetes.