bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deconstructing heterogeneity of replicative senescence in human mesenchymal stem cells at single cell resolution
Authors: Taherian Fard Atefeh , Leeson Hannah C. , Aguado Julio , Pietrogrande Giovanni , Power Dominique , Gómez-Inclán Cecilia , Zheng Huiwen , Nelson Christopher B. , Soheilmoghaddam Farhad , Glass Nick , Dharmaratne Malindrie , Watson Ebony R. , Lu Jennifer , Martin Sally , Pickett Hilda A. , Cooper-White Justin , Wolvetang Ernst J. , Mar Jessica C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFollowing prolonged cell division, mesenchymal stem cells enter replicative senescence, a state of permanent cell cycle arrest that constrains the use of this cell type in regenerative medicine applications and that in vivo substantially contributes to organismal ageing. Multiple cellular processes such as telomere dysfunction, DNA damage and oncogene activation are implicated in promoting replicative senescence, but whether mesenchymal stem cells enter different pre-senescent and senescent states has remained unclear. To address this knowledge gap, we subjected serially passaged human ESC-derived mesenchymal stem cells (esMSCs) to single cell profiling and single cell RNA-sequencing during their progressive entry into replicative senescence. We found that esMSC transitioned through newly identified pre-senescent cell states before entering into three different senescent cell states. By deconstructing this heterogeneity and temporally ordering these pre-senescent and senescent esMSC subpopulations into developmental trajectories, we identified markers and predicted drivers of these cell states. Regulatory networks that capture connections between genes at each timepoint demonstrated a loss of connectivity, and specific genes altered their gene expression distributions as cells entered senescence. Collectively, this data reconciles previous observations that identified different senescence programs within an individual cell type and should enable the design of novel senotherapeutic regimes that can overcome in vitro MSC expansion constraints or that can perhaps slow organismal ageing.
The semiproximal SVM approach for multiple instance learning: a kernel-based computational study
Authors: Avolio Matteo , Fuduli Antonio 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe semiproximal Support Vector Machine technique is a recent approach for Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) problems. It exploits the benefits exhibited in the supervised learning by the Support Vector Machine technique, in terms of generalization capability, and by the Proximal Support Vector Machine approach in terms of efficiency. We investigate the possibility of embedding the kernel transformations into the semiproximal framework to further improve the testing accuracy. Numerical results on benchmark MIL data sets show the effectiveness of our proposal.
Thermodynamics of Learning Physical Phenomena
Authors: Cueto Elias , Chinesta Francisco 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThermodynamics could be seen as an expression of physics at a high epistemic level. As such, its potential as an inductive bias to help machine learning procedures attain accurate and credible predictions has been recently realized in many fields. We review how thermodynamics provides helpful insights in the learning process. At the same time, we study the influence of aspects such as the scale at which a given phenomenon is to be described, the choice of relevant variables for this description or the different techniques available for the learning process.
Composition, raw material provenance, and manufacture of a unique late Roman silver folding stand (quadripus) from Kőszárhegy, Hungary
Authors: Mozgai Viktória , Bajnóczi Bernadett , Pernicka Ernst , Mráv Zsolt 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe late Roman silverquadripusfrom Kőszárhegy (Fejér County, Hungary) is the only known silver folding stand from the Late Roman Imperial Age, dated to the fourth century AD. Archaeological evidence indicates that thequadripusis closely related to the Seuso Treasure. Elemental composition and lead isotope analyses of samples taken from the various parts of the folding stand were performed by using LA-QICP-MS and MC-ICP-MS methods in order to determine the provenance of raw material used and the production technology. The silverquadripusconsists of rather pure silver (92.5–96.5%) intentionally alloyed with copper. The different trace element composition (Bi, Au, Pb) of the various parts (base, lower part, griffin, upper part, finial, cross bands) indicates the use of different silver batches implying that the various parts were made separately, and then soldered together with hard solders. The same parts of the two original feet are very similar regarding their elemental composition and lead isotope ratios suggesting series production. The nearly constant gold and lead contents of the object indicate that not re-used or re-melted, but primary, cupelled silver was used for manufacturing. The lead isotope ratios of thequadripuscover a quite narrow range (206Pb/204Pb = 18.514–18.717;207Pb/204Pb = 15.645–15.667;208Pb/204Pb = 38.592–38.817). Comparing our results to the lead isotope data of the European lead-silver ores, and taking into consideration the archaeological evidences, the silver used for manufacturing thequadripuscould come from the Balkan region.
Laboratory evaluation of the broad-spectrum antibacterial efficacy of a low-irradiance visible 405-nm light system for surface-simulated decontamination
Authors: Sinclair Lucy G , Dougall Laura R , Ilieva Zornitsa , McKenzie Karen , Anderson John G , MacGregor Scott J , Maclean Michelle 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Lighting systems which use visible light blended with antimicrobial 405-nm violet-blue light have recently been developed for safe continuous decontamination of occupied healthcare environments. This paper characterises the optical output and antibacterial efficacy of a low irradiance 405-nm light system designed for environmental decontamination applications, under controlled laboratory conditions.

Methods
In the current study, the irradiance output of a ceiling-mounted 405-nm light source was profiled within a 3×3×2 m (18 m3) test area; with values ranging from 0.001-2.016 mWcm-2. To evaluate antibacterial efficacy of the light source for environmental surface decontamination, irradiance levels within this range (0.021-1 mWcm-2) at various angular ($$\Delta$$
Δ
ϴ=0-51.3) and linear (∆s=1.6-2.56 m) displacements from the source were used to generate inactivation kinetics, using the model organism, Staphylococcus aureus. Additionally, twelve bacterial species were surface-seeded and light-exposed at a fixed displacement below the source (1.5 m; 0.5 mWcm-2) to demonstrate broad-spectrum efficacy at heights typical of high touch surfaces within occupied settings.

Results
Results demonstrate that significant (P≤0.05) inactivation was successfully achieved at all irradiance values investigated, with spatial positioning from the source affecting inactivation, with greater times required for inactivation as irradiance decreased. Complete/near-complete (≥93.28%) inactivation of all bacteria was achieved following exposure to 0.5 mWcm-2 within exposure times realistic of those utilised practically for whole-room decontamination (2-16 h).

Conclusion
This study provides fundamental evidence of the efficacy, and energy efficiency, of low irradiance 405-nm light for bacterial inactivation within a controlled laboratory setting, further justifying its benefits for practical infection control applications.
Empowering and disempowering climate and experiences of psychological violence in artistic gymnastics
Authors: Greither Teresa , Ohlert Jeannine 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn light of the continuing debate about coach-perpetrated violence and the maltreatment of athletes in the elite sports context, empowering and ethical approaches to coaching need to be investigated and proposed as evidence-based effective alternatives. This study aims to investigate the associations between motivational coaching climates and athletes’ experiences of psychological violence, as well as their effects on well-being. Using an anonymous cross-sectional online survey, artistic gymnasts’ perceptions of empowering and disempowering coach-created motivational climates, experiences of psychological violence in sport, well-being, and depressive symptoms were recorded quantitatively. Results indicate that a more disempowering climate predicts psychological violence, while an empowering climate was not a significant predictor. Regarding mental health outcomes, an effect of psychological violence on depressive symptoms and well-being was found, but no effect was found for the disempowering climate. Explorative analysis suggested that psychological violence mediates the relationship between disempowering coaching and mental health outcomes. Based on these findings, coach education should focus on prevention of psychological violence and minimization of disempowering climates. Further research should investigate the relations and effects of psychological violence and coaching climates more thoroughly, including the role of an empowering climate as a potential beneficiary alternative coaching method.
Deterministic random walk model in NetLogo and the identification of asymmetric saturation time in random graph
Authors: Chatterjee Ayan , Cao Qingtao , Sajadi Amirhossein , Ravandi Babak 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInteractive programming environments are powerful tools for promoting innovative network thinking, teaching science of complexity, and exploring emergent phenomena. This paper reports on our recent development of the deterministic random walk model in NetLogo, a leading platform for computational thinking, eco-system thinking, and multi-agent cross-platform programming environment. The deterministic random walk is foundational to modeling dynamical processes on complex networks. Inspired by the temporal visualizations offered in NetLogo, we investigated the relationship between network topology and diffusion saturation time for the deterministic random walk model. Our analysis uncovers that in Erdős–Rényi graphs, the saturation time exhibits an asymmetric pattern with a considerable probability of occurrence. This behavior occurs when the hubs, defined as nodes with relatively higher number of connections, emerge in Erdős–Rényi graphs. Yet, our analysis yields that the hubs in Barabási–Albert model stabilize the the convergence time of the deterministic random walk model. These findings strongly suggest that depending on the dynamical process running on complex networks, complementing characteristics other than the degree need to be taken into account for considering a node as a hub. We have made our development open-source, available to the public at no cost athttps://github.com/bravandi/NetLogo-Dynamical-Processes.
Ntuple Wizard: An Application to Access Large-Scale Open Data from LHCb
Authors: Aidala Christine A. , Burr Christopher , Cattaneo Marco , Fitzgerald Dillon S. , Morris Adam , Neubert Sebastian , Tropmann Donijor 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMaking the large data sets collected at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) accessible to the world is a considerable challenge because of both the complexity and the volume of data. This paper presents the Ntuple Wizard, an application that leverages the existing computing infrastructure available to the LHCb collaboration in order to enable third-party users to request specific data. An intuitive web interface allows the discovery of accessible data sets and guides the user through the process of specifying a configuration-based request. The application allows for fine-grained control of the level of access granted to the public.
Enhanced adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system using genetic algorithm: a case study in predicting electricity consumption
Authors: Oladipo Stephen , Sun Yanxia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEnergy forecasting is crucial for efficient energy management and planning for future energy needs. Previous studies have employed hybrid modeling techniques, but insufficient attention has been given to hyper-parameter tuning and parameter selection. In this study, we present a hybrid model, which combines fuzzy c-means clustered adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and genetic algorithm (GA), named GA–ANFIS–FCM, to model electricity consumption in Lagos districts, Nigeria. The model is simulated using the algorithms’ control settings, and the best model is identified after assessing their performance using renowned statistical indicators. To further narrow down the best viable model, the impact of the core parameter of the GA on the GA–ANFIS–FCM optimal model is examined by varying the crossover percentage in the range of 0.2–0.6. Firstly, the results reveal the better performance of the hybridized ANFIS model than the standalone ANFIS model. Additionally, the best model is obtained with the GA–ANFIS–FCM model with four clusters at a crossover percentage of 0.4, with mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), mean absolute error (MAE), coefficient of root mean square error (CVRMSE), root mean square error (RMSE) values of 7.6345 (signifying a forecast accuracy of 92.4%), 706.0547, 9.4913, and 918.6518 during the testing phase, respectively. The study demonstrates the potential of the proposed model as a reliable tool for energy forecasting.
Diversity for Access? Legislative Diversity, Identity Group Mobilization, and Lobbying
Authors: Strickland James M. , Tarr Nathan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe examine the historical effects of ethnic and racial diversification among legislators on identity group mobilization and the hiring of nonwhite lobbyists. We propose that diversification among legislators encouraged identity groups to lobby, that these groups hired lobbyists who reflected their members’ identities, and that all interests also hired lobbyists who reflected the identities of new legislative targets. We apply a Bayesian estimation approach to infer the identities of lobbyists who were active in the American states over several decades. We find that the election of African Americans to state legislatures encouraged black identity groups to lobby, that all identity groups, including those representing Hispanics or Latinos, generally hired lobbyists who reflected their members’ identities, and that the election of Asian Americans to state legislatures encouraged interests generally to hire Asian-American lobbyists. Hispanic or Latino lobbyists gained clients in response to diversification in more Democratic legislatures.
Toward an Ever Looser Union? Investigating Diverging Trends in Public Opinion in Three Divided Societies
Authors: Stiers Dieter , Hooghe Marc 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe stability of divided societies is an important and recurring concern in political science research. It has been suggested that distinctive socialization processes in the different regions of divided societies will lead to diverging trends in public opinion. Therefore, we investigate trends in public opinion on key political issues and attitudes in three divided societies: Canada (Quebec), the United Kingdom (Scotland) and Spain (Catalonia). Using over two decades of survey data, we show that these distinct communities indeed have a particular ideological profile but also that there is no indication these differences become larger over time. In other words, we do not observe any evidence for an increasing lack of public opinion coherence in these divided societies. We conclude with some observations on why divergence could not be observed at the level of public opinion but might still be present at the level of party elites.
Life-course generational placements and health and wellbeing in later life
Authors: Hünteler Bettina , Hank Karsten 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPrevious research has demonstrated that family transitions, specifically births and deaths of preceding and following generations within families, are associated with individuals’ later-life wellbeing and health. However, lifecourse, family systems and role theories suggest that this relationship might be complex because, as individuals age, they can experience multiple such events and their effects might be interconnected. Therefore, this study asks whether and how transitions into and out of multiple intergenerational family roles are associated with later-life wellbeing and health. We account for the occurrence, timing and ordering of the parents’ death and the birth of the first child and grandchild. To this end, we use the concept of ‘generational placement trajectories’. They capture the vertical position of individuals in their intergenerational family over age and reflect the changing family roles and kinship reservoir of individuals across their lifecourse. Applying sequence, cluster and regression analyses to data from the German Ageing Survey (N = 3,617), we investigate associations between generational placement trajectories from birth to age 60 and four dimensions of later-life wellbeing and health, namely life satisfaction, depressiveness, functional limitations and physical health problems. Results support, first, the notion of salutary effects of a larger kinship reservoir and multiple social roles in the family and, second, indicate that ‘off-time’ transitions are associated negatively with various later-life wellbeing and health outcomes. Importantly, the effect of temporal deviations from the ‘normative’ family lifecourse might be affected by individual socio-economic differences. We enhance previous research by demonstrating that the occurrence, timing and ordering of transitions into and out of multiple kin relations and family roles across the lifecourse relate to individuals’ later-life wellbeing and health.
No taxation without state-assigned property rights: formalization of individual property rights on land and taxation in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Nistotskaya Marina , D'Arcy Michelle 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe arguments that property rights and taxation positively affect development are well established in separate literatures, but the link between property rights and taxation is under-studied. To address this gap, we theorize, in the fiscal contract tradition, that property rights assigned and upheld by the state, as opposed to other political authorities, increase individual assent to taxation. We apply this argument to property rights on land in sub-Saharan-Africa, where the majority of land is governed by traditional authorities. Empirically we examine (1) the link between the state-assinged property rights on land and assent to taxation using individual-level data from Afrobarometer, and (2) the effect of state-led formalization, measured through novel data on state-produced cadastral records, and revenue from taxes on individuals in a panel of 37 sub-Saharan African countries across 35 years. We find support for our argument that there is no taxation without state-assigned property rights.
Migration, Kinship and Child Mortality in Early Twentieth-Century North America
Authors: Harton Marie-Ève , Hacker J. David , Gauvreau Danielle 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article appraises kin availability and migration timing on French-Canadian child mortality in an early twentieth-century North American industrial city. The analysis is based on the exploitation of an original dataset constructed by linking the 1910 census data (IPUMS-Full Count) for Manchester, New Hampshire to Quebec Catholic marriage records (BALSAC) and geocoding census data at the household level (Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps). Our results suggest that the presence of maternal and paternal grandmothers in the city living in different households were associated with reduced child mortality and that French-Canadian women who arrived in the United States as children or young adults experienced higher child mortality compared to second-generation French Canadians and those who migrated at a later age.
Climate Projections Very Likely Underestimate Future Volcanic Forcing and Its Climatic Effects
Authors: Chim Man Mei , Aubry Thomas J. , Abraham Nathan Luke , Marshall Lauren , Mulcahy Jane , Walton Jeremy , Schmidt Anja 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStandard climate projections represent future volcanic eruptions by a constant forcing inferred from 1850 to 2014 volcanic forcing. Using the latest ice‐core and satellite records to design stochastic eruption scenarios, we show that there is a 95% probability that explosive eruptions could emit more sulfur dioxide (SO2) into the stratosphere over 2015–2100 than current standard climate projections (i.e., ScenarioMIP). Our simulations using the UK Earth System Model with interactive stratospheric aerosols show that for a median future eruption scenario, the 2015–2100 average global‐mean stratospheric aerosol optical depth (SAOD) is double that used in ScenarioMIP, with small‐magnitude eruptions (<3 Tg of SO2) contributing 50% to SAOD perturbations. We show that volcanic effects on large‐scale climate indicators, including global surface temperature, sea level and sea ice extent, are underestimated in ScenarioMIP because current climate projections do not fully account for the recurrent frequency of volcanic eruptions of different magnitudes.
Impact of Seasonal Snow‐Cover Change on the Observed and Simulated State of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer in a High‐Altitude Mountain Valley
Authors: Adler Bianca , Wilczak James M. , Bianco Laura , Bariteau Ludovic , Cox Christopher J. , de Boer Gijs , Djalalova Irina V. , Gallagher Michael R. , Intrieri Janet M. , Meyers Tilden P. , Myers Timothy A. , Olson Joseph B. , Pezoa Sergio , Sedlar Joseph , Smith Elizabeth , Turner David D. , White Allen B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe structure and evolution of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) under clear‐sky fair weather conditions over mountainous terrain is dominated by the diurnal cycle of the surface energy balance and thus strongly depends on surface snow cover. We use data from three passive ground‐based infrared spectrometers deployed in the East River Valley in Colorado's Rocky Mountains to investigate the response of the thermal ABL structure to changes in surface energy balance during the seasonal transition from low to high snow cover. Temperature profiles were retrieved from the infrared radiances using the optimal estimation physical retrieval Tropospheric Remotely Observed Profiling via Optimal Estimation. A nocturnal surface inversion formed in the valley during clear‐sky days, which was subsequently mixed out during daytime with the development of a convective boundary layer when snow cover was low. Over high snow cover, a very shallow convective boundary layer formed, above which the inversion persisted through the daytime hours. We compare these observations to NOAA's operational High‐Resolution‐Rapid‐Refresh model and find large warm biases on clear‐sky days resulting from the model's inability to form strong nocturnal inversions and to maintain the stable stratification in the valley during daytime when there was snow on the ground. We suggest several factors contributing to the large model errors. These are (a) the inability of the model to represent well‐developed thermally driven flows likely due to the too coarse horizontal grid spacing (3 km), (b) too much convective mixing during daytime, and (c) too strong vertical coupling between the valley atmosphere and the free troposphere.