bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Qualitative study on experience of healthcare staff who have undergone a hybrid root cause analysis training programme
Authors: Kwok Yick-ting , Mah Alastair P 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundRoot cause analysis (RCA) is a structured investigation methodology aimed at identifying systems factors to prevent recurrence of incidents. To enhance staff’s knowledge and skills, a hybrid RCA training course was conducted in February 2021. Overseas instructors conducted training online and local participants attended the training together physically with onsite facilitator support. This study aimed at understanding the experiences of trainees who have undergone the training, evaluated its effectiveness and identified opportunities to enhance RCA training quality in the future.MethodsA qualitative study using virtual synchronous focus group interviews was conducted. Purposive sampling was adopted to invite all trainees from the RCA training course to join. A semistructured interview was used to guide the study participants to share their experiences. All groups were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and anonymised for data analysis.ResultsOverall, 6 focus groups with 19 participants were held between July and November 2021. Five key themes were identified including: (1) training contents, (2) perceptions of RCA, (3) challenges in RCA, (4) hybrid training and (5) future perspectives. Participants felt the RCA training was useful and broadened their understanding in incident investigation. More in-depth training in interviewing skills, report writing with practical sessions could further enhance their competencies in RCA. Participants accepted the use of hybrid online–offline training well. Most participants would welcome an independent organisation to conduct RCA as findings would be more objective and recommendations more effective.ConclusionsThis study provided an evaluation on the effectiveness of a hybrid RCA training course. Healthcare and training organisations can consider this training mode as it could reduce the cost of training and enhance flexibility in course arrangement while preserving quality and effectiveness. Virtual focus groups to interview participants were found to be convenient as it minimised travelling time and onsite arrangement while maintaining the quality of discussion.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Macrophage-Derived IL1β and TNFα Regulate Arginine Metabolism in Neuroblastoma
Authors: Fultang Livingstone , Gamble Laura D. , Gneo Luciana , Berry Andrea M. , Egan Sharon A. , De Bie Fenna , Yogev Orli , Eden Georgina L. , Booth Sarah , Brownhill Samantha , Vardon Ashley , McConville Carmel M. , Cheng Paul N. , Norris Murray D. , Etchevers Heather C. , Murray Jayne , Ziegler David S. , Chesler Louis , Schmidt Ronny , Burchill Susan A. , Haber Michelle , De Santo Carmela , Mussai Francis 
Published: April 2023

<p>Supplementary Figure 3 Neuroblastoma conditioning upregulates IL-1ï�¢ï€ and TNF-ï�¡ï€ expression in macrophages</p>
Data from Comparison of Neuropathy-Inducing Effects of Eribulin Mesylate, Paclitaxel, and Ixabepilone in Mice
Authors: Wozniak Krystyna M. , Nomoto Kenichi , Lapidus Rena G. , Wu Ying , Carozzi Valentina , Cavaletti Guido , Hayakawa Kazuhiro , Hosokawa Satoru , Towle Murray J. , Littlefield Bruce A. , Slusher Barbara S. 
Published: April 2023

<div>Abstract<p>Chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity is a significant problem associated with successful treatment of many cancers. Tubulin is a well-established target of antineoplastic therapy; however, tubulin-targeting agents, such as paclitaxel and the newer epothilones, induce significant neurotoxicity. Eribulin mesylate, a novel microtubule-targeting analogue of the marine natural product halichondrin B, has recently shown antineoplastic activity, with relatively low incidence and severity of neuropathy, in metastatic breast cancer patients. The mechanism of chemotherapy-induced neuropathy is not well understood. One of the main underlying reasons is incomplete characterization of pathology of peripheral nerves from treated subjects, either from patients or preclinically from animals. The current study was conducted to directly compare, in mice, the neuropathy-inducing propensity of three drugs: paclitaxel, ixabepilone, and eribulin mesylate. Because these drugs have different potencies and pharmacokinetics, we compared them on the basis of a maximum tolerated dose (MTD). Effects of each drug on caudal and digital nerve conduction velocity, nerve amplitude, and sciatic nerve and dorsal root ganglion morphology at 0.25 × MTD, 0.5 × MTD, 0.75 × MTD, and MTD were compared. Paclitaxel and ixabepilone, at their respective MTDs, produced significant deficits in caudal nerve conduction velocity, caudal amplitude and digital nerve amplitudes, as well as moderate to severe degenerative pathologic changes in dorsal root ganglia and sciatic nerve. In contrast, eribulin mesylate produced no significant deleterious effects on any nerve conduction parameter measured and caused milder, less frequent effects on morphology. Overall, our findings indicate that eribulin mesylate induces less neuropathy in mice than paclitaxel or ixabepilone at equivalent MTD-based doses. <i>Cancer Res; 71(11); 3952–62. ©2011 AACR</i>.</p></div>
Supplementary Tables 1-5 from Efficacy and Safety of Duvelisib Following Disease Progression on Ofatumumab in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory CLL or SLL in the DUO Crossover Extension Study
Authors: Davids Matthew S. , Kuss Bryone J. , Hillmen Peter , Montillo Marco , Moreno Carol , Essell James , Lamanna Nicole , Nagy Zsolt , Tam Constantine S. , Stilgenbauer Stephan , Ghia Paolo , Delgado Julio , Lustgarten Stephanie , Weaver David T. , Youssoufian Hagop , Jäger Ulrich 
Published: April 2023

<p>â€¢Table S1 shows a summary of prior anticancer therapies received by all patients in the study â€¢Table S2 shows best overall response, overall response rate, and duration of response by investigator in the study population of patients while receiving ofatumumab in the parent DUO study before crossover â€¢Table S3 shows rates of all serious TEAEs and individual hematologic and non-hematologic serious TEAEs in {greater than or equal to} 2% of patients in the study population â€¢	Table S4 shows rates of all TEAEs leading to death in patients in the study population â€¢Table S5 shows a summary of patient disposition information</p>
Safety and Efficacy of Axicabtagene Ciloleucel versus Standard of Care in Patients 65 Years of Age or Older with Relapsed/Refractory Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Westin Jason R. , Locke Frederick L. , Dickinson Michael , Ghobadi Armin , Elsawy Mahmoud , van Meerten Tom , Miklos David B. , Ulrickson Matthew L. , Perales Miguel-Angel , Farooq Umar , Wannesson Luciano , Leslie Lori , Kersten Marie José , Jacobson Caron A. , Pagel John M. , Wulf Gerald , Johnston Patrick , Rapoport Aaron P. , Du Linqiu , Vardhanabhuti Saran , Filosto Simone , Shah Jina , Snider Julia T. , Cheng Paul , To Christina , Oluwole Olalekan O. , Sureda Anna 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
Older patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) may be considered ineligible for curative-intent therapy including high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem-cell transplantation (HDT-ASCT). Here, we report outcomes of a preplanned subgroup analysis of patients ≥65 years in ZUMA-7.

Patients and Methods:
Patients with LBCL refractory to or relapsed ≤12 months after first-line chemoimmunotherapy were randomized 1:1 to axicabtagene ciloleucel [axi-cel; autologous anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy] or standard of care (SOC; 2–3 cycles of chemoimmunotherapy followed by HDT-ASCT). The primary endpoint was event-free survival (EFS). Secondary endpoints included safety and patient-reported outcomes (PROs).

Results:
Fifty-one and 58 patients aged ≥65 years were randomized to axi-cel and SOC, respectively. Median EFS was greater with axi-cel versus SOC (21.5 vs. 2.5 months; median follow-up: 24.3 months; HR, 0.276; descriptive P &lt; 0.0001). Objective response rate was higher with axi-cel versus SOC (88% vs. 52%; OR, 8.81; descriptive P &lt; 0.0001; complete response rate: 75% vs. 33%). Grade ≥3 adverse events occurred in 94% of axi-cel and 82% of SOC patients. No grade 5 cytokine release syndrome or neurologic events occurred. In the quality-of-life analysis, the mean change in PRO scores from baseline at days 100 and 150 favored axi-cel for EORTC QLQ-C30 Global Health, Physical Functioning, and EQ-5D-5L visual analog scale (descriptive P &lt; 0.05). CAR T-cell expansion and baseline serum inflammatory profile were comparable in patients ≥65 and &lt;65 years.

Conclusions:
Axi-cel is an effective second-line curative-intent therapy with a manageable safety profile and improved PROs for patients ≥65 years with R/R LBCL.
Eganelisib, a First-in-Class PI3Kγ Inhibitor, in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors: Results of the Phase 1/1b MARIO-1 Trial
Authors: Hong David S. , Postow Michael , Chmielowski Bartosz , Sullivan Ryan , Patnaik Amita , Cohen Ezra E.W. , Shapiro Geoffrey , Steuer Conor , Gutierrez Martin , Yeckes-Rodin Heather , Ilaria Robert , O'Connell Brenda , Peng Joanna , Peng Guangbin , Zizlsperger Nora , Tolcher Anthony , Wolchok Jedd D. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
Eganelisib (IPI-549) is a first-in-class, orally administered, highly selective PI3Kγ inhibitor with antitumor activity alone and in combination with programmed cell death protein 1/ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) inhibitors in preclinical studies. This phase 1/1b first-in-human, MAcrophage Reprogramming in Immuno-Oncology-1 (NCT02637531) study evaluated the safety and tolerability of once-daily eganelisib as monotherapy and in combination with nivolumab in patients with solid tumors.

Patients and Methods:
Dose-escalation cohorts received eganelisib 10–60 mg as monotherapy (n = 39) and 20–40 mg when combined with nivolumab (n = 180). Primary endpoints included incidence of dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) and adverse events (AE).

Results:
The most common treatment-related grade ≥3 toxicities with monotherapy were increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT; 18%), aspartate aminotransferase (AST; 18%), and alkaline phosphatase (5%). No DLTs occurred in the first 28 days; however, toxicities meeting DLT criteria (mostly grade 3 reversible hepatic enzyme elevations) occurred with eganelisib 60 mg in later treatment cycles. In combination, the most common treatment-related grade ≥3 toxicities were increased AST (13%) and increased ALT and rash (10%). Treatment-related serious AEs occurred in 5% of monotherapy patients (grade 4 bilirubin and hepatic enzyme increases in one patient each) and 13% in combination (pyrexia, rash, cytokine release syndrome, and infusion-related reaction in ≥2 patients each). Antitumor activity was observed in combination, including patients who had progressed on PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.

Conclusions:
On the basis of the observed safety profile, eganelisib doses of 30 and 40 mg once daily in combination with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors were chosen for phase 2 study.
Worth a Pound of Cure? Emerging Strategies and Challenges in Cancer Immunoprevention
Authors: Haldar Saurav D. , Vilar Eduardo , Maitra Anirban , Zaidi Neeha 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Cancer immunoprevention applies immunologic approaches such as vaccines to prevent, rather than to treat or cure, cancer. Despite limited success in the treatment of advanced disease, the development of cancer vaccines to intercept premalignant states is a promising area of current research. These efforts are supported by the rationale that vaccination in the premalignant setting is less susceptible to mechanisms of immune evasion compared with established cancer. Prophylactic vaccines have already been developed for a minority of cancers mediated by oncogenic viruses (e.g., hepatitis B and human papillomavirus). Extending the use of preventive vaccines to non-virally driven malignancies remains an unmet need to address the rising global burden of cancer. This review provides a broad overview of clinical trials in cancer immunoprevention with an emphasis on emerging vaccine targets and delivery platforms, translational challenges, and future directions.
Ditylenchus dactylonae n. sp. (Tylenchomorpha: Anguinidae), an associate of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. in the USA
Authors: Zeng Yongsan , Dant Lukas A. , Roberts Joseph A. 
Published: April 2023

Summary
A new species of the genus Ditylenchus was recovered from rhizosphere soil of a ‘TifEagle’ hybrid bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. × C. transvaalensis (Burtt-Davy)) putting green located at the Pee Dee Research & Education Center, Clemson University, Florence, SC, USA. It is described herein as Ditylenchus dactylonae n. sp. and is characterised by possessing the combined characters of a medium body size (682-815 μm in females; 618-718 μm in males), six incisures at the lateral fields, a delicate stylet (7.6-8.0 μm) with rounded knobs, a bottle-shaped basal pharyngeal bulb (BPB), an excretory pore (EP) near anterior end of BPB, a posteriorly located vulva (V = 78-83%), a reflexed ovary, a uterus with crustaformeria anteriorly and nearly spherical structure posteriorly, a post-vulval uterine sac (30-50% of the vulva-anus distance), an elongate conoid and ventrally bent tail, a tylenchoid spicule (17-18 μm), and a leptoderan bursa. Ditylenchus dactylonae n. sp. was differentiated from other sequenced species by the partial small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene, D2-D3 expansion segments of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rRNA. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that D. dactylonae n. sp. belongs to the D. dipsaci-group, and is sister to D. medicaginis and/or D. ferepolitor based on SSU 18S, LSU D2-D3 and ITS sequences.
The Sexual Abuse of African Boy Soldiers by Male and Female Offenders: the Need for an International Criminal Law Response
Authors: Nortje Windell 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The sexual abuse of boy soldiers is a matter that has unfortunately not received the judicial and academic attention it deserves. Boy soldiers have been sexually abused not only by male commanders but also female commanders and other offenders. International Criminal Law has opted to focus on the prosecution of those most responsible for committing sexual violence against women and children. Boys are often mentioned in passing. This article challenges this view. It does so by looking at a special case in Northern Uganda where boy soldiers in the Lord’s Resistance Army was sexually abused. The article then examines several cases where International Courts have dealt with the sexual abuse of males, since the abuse of boy soldiers have not been adjudicated internationally. The article then looks at the reasons why there is a silence among those boys who are sexually abused and recommendations are proffered.
Co-design and prototype development of the ‘Ayzot App’: A mobile phone based remote monitoring system for palliative care
Authors: Carey Nicola , Abathun Ephrem , Maguire Roma , Wodaje Yohans , Royce Catherine , Ayers Nicola 
Published: April 2023

Background: Palliative care, a recognised component of care by the World Health Organization is poorly developed in low- and middle-income countries. Mobile phone technology, an effective way to increase access and sustainability of healthcare systems globally, has demonstrated benefits within palliative care service delivery, but is yet to be utilised in Ethiopia. Aim: To co-design, develop and evaluate a mobile phone based remote monitoring system for use by palliative care patients in Ethiopia Design: Two-phase co-design approach comprising multiple methods that is stakeholder interviews, focus groups, user-co-creation activities and healthcare worker prioritisation discussions 2019–2020. Phase-1 interviews ( n = 40), Phase-2 focus groups ( n = 3) and interviews ( n = 10). Setting/Participants: Hospice Ethiopia and Yekatit 12 Medical College Hospital: healthcare workers, palliative care patients, family carers & software-developers. Results: Co-design activities lead to development of the prototype ‘Ayzot’ application, which was well received and reported to be easy to use. Patients, and family caregivers saw provision of self-care information and symptom management as a key function of the App and expressed very positive attitudes towards such information being included. Healthcare workers found the App offered service benefits, in terms of time and cost-savings. Conclusion: This paper provides a detailed example of the development and design of a prototype remote monitoring system using mobile phone technology for palliative care use in Ethiopia. Further development and real-world testing are required, to not only understand how it acts within usual care to deliver anticipated benefits but also to explore its effectiveness and provide cost estimates for wider implementation.
Utility of preoperative urine cultures and cystoscopies before ureteral reimplantation in pediatrics
Authors: Davis Erin , Hinkley Dawson , Quiring Mark E , Hamby Tyler , Reyes Kristy J , Pinto Kirk 
Published: April 2023

Background: Ureteral reimplantation remains the primary surgical method used for patients with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Cystoscopy is commonly performed first to visualize anatomy and rule out possible abnormalities. Urine cultures may also be obtained. The objective of this study is to evaluate the prudency of preoperative urine cultures and cystoscopies in pediatric patients undergoing ureteral reimplantation. Methods: Pediatric urologists were surveyed regarding collecting urine cultures in asymptomatic patients and cystoscopies before reimplantation. A retrospective review was also conducted of patients who underwent ureteral reimplantation for VUR between March 2018 and April 2021 at Cook Children’s Medical Center. Results: When physicians were asked the frequency they obtain urine cultures before reimplantation on asymptomatic patients, 36% said “never” and 38% said “always.” Regarding cystoscopy, 53% said “never” and 32% said “always.” Inclusion criteria were met by 101 patients. Cystoscopies were performed in 46 patients and never altered the reimplantation. There were 20 preoperative, 90 intraoperative, and 61 postoperative urine cultures. Complications were associated with positive cultures of urine collected intraoperatively and postoperatively only. Conclusion: Cystoscopies and asymptomatic urine cultures obtained before ureteral reimplantation provide no additional benefit while increasing cost for patients’ families. Further research is needed to thoroughly identify the prudency of such practices in ureteral reimplantation for VUR.
Understanding peer support: a qualitative interview study of doctors one year after seeking support
Authors: Horne Ingrid Marie Taxt , Veggeland Frode , Bååthe Fredrik , Drewes Christina , Rø Karin Isaksson 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Doctors’ health is of importance for the quality and development of health care and to doctors themselves. As doctors are hesitant to seek medical treatment, peer support services, with an alleged lower threshold for seeking help, is provided in many countries. Peer support services may be the first place to which doctors turn when they search for support and advice relating to their own health and private or professional well-being. This paper explores how doctors perceive the peer support service and how it can meet their needs.

Materials and methods
Twelve doctors were interviewed a year after attending a peer support service which is accessible to all doctors in Norway. The qualitative, semi-structured interviews took place by on-line video meetings or over the phone (due to the COVID-19 pandemic) during 2020 and were audiotaped. Analysis was data-driven, and systematic text condensation was used as strategy for the qualitative analysis. The empirical material was further interpreted with the use of theories of organizational culture by Edgar Schein.

Results
The doctors sought peer support due to a range of different needs including both occupational and personal challenges. They attended peer support to engage in dialogue with a fellow doctor outside of the workplace, some were in search of a combination of dialogue and mental health care. The doctors wanted peer support to have a different quality from that of a regular doctor/patient appointment. The doctors expressed they needed and got psychological safety and an open conversation in a flexible and informal setting. Some of these qualities are related to the formal structure of the service, whereas others are based on the way the service is practised.

Conclusions
Peer support seems to provide psychological safety through its flexible, informal, and confidential characteristics. The service thus offers doctors in need of support a valued and suitable space that is clearly distinct from a doctor/patient relationship. The doctors’ needs are met to a high extent by the peer-support service, through such conditions that the doctors experience as beneficial.
Diversity of soil bacteria in alpine coal slag mountain grassland in different vegetation restoration years
Authors: Dao Rina , Zhang Ying , Li XiLai , Ma Linxiong , Tie Xiaolong , Lei Shengyan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate changes in the bacterial diversity of the rhizosphere soil of slag mountains in different years of revegetation restoration.

Methods
Seven soil samples were selected from different years of revegetation restoration in Qinghai, China. The bacterial community of each soil was analyzed via high-throughput sequencing using the Illumina MiSeq platform.

Results
Statistical analyses revealed that the diversity of the soil bacterial community was higher in the soil that was restored in 2017 than that in the soils restored from other years. 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were the dominant phyla. Sphingomonas was the dominant genus. Total nitrogen, available nitrogen, and total potassium influenced the horizontal community structure of the phylum, whereas total nitrogen, organic matter, and pH had a great influence on the horizontal community structure of the phylum. The richness and diversity of the bacterial community in the soils that underwent revegetation restoration were greater in the third year (2017) than in other years. In the seventh year of recovery, the richness and diversity of the bacterial community began to decline.

Conclusion
The bacterial diversity of the soil in the coal mine slag mountain improved with the increase in vegetation restoration years.