bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Referenzbauteil für die additive Materialextrusion/Multi-functional reference part for material extrusion
Authors: Grotz Tim , Kleylein-Feuerstein Joachim , Döpper Frank 
Published: February 2023

In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde ein Referenzbauteil für die Materialextrusion (MEX) entwickelt. Es wird ein Vorgehen beschrieben, wie zweistufig die Bauteilqualität des Referenzbauteils beurteilt werden kann. So erfolgt zum einen eine qualitative optische Beurteilung des Referenzbauteils und Einstufung in eine Qualitätsstufenmatrix und zum anderen eine qualitative Messung der Bauteilfeatures mit 3D-Scanner und einer nachgelagerten Abweichungsanalyse der Soll- und Ist-Geometrie.

This paper describes the development of a novel reference part for material extrusion (MEX, formerly known as FDM). It presents a two-step quality evaluation procedure for the reference part. Briefly, first, the reference part will be assessed optically and ranked according to a pre-defined quality matrix. Subsequently, quantitative measurement using a 3D scanner will be used to analyze the deviation between the target and the real geometry.
Grüner Laser fertigt filigranste Kupferstrukturen/Green laser manufactures filigree copper parts
Authors: Horn Max , Schmitt Matthias , Schlick Georg 
Published: February 2023

Mittels grünem Laser lassen sich beim pulverbettbasierten Schmelzen filigrane Strukturen für Hochleistungswärmetauscher fertigen. Dabei spielt, neben dem additiven Fertigungsprozess, die Oberflächennachbearbeitung eine wesentliche Rolle. Es wurden geeignete Nachbearbeitungsverfahren miteinander verglichen, Abträge quantifiziert sowie eine Prozesskette für Kupferbauteile abgeleitet. Mithilfe der Ergebnisse lassen sich Strukturen mit einer Feinheit von bis zu 135 µm prozesssicher herstellen.

Filigree structures for high-performance heat exchangers can be manufactured using green lasers in powder bed fusion. In addition to additive manufacturing of the geometry, surface finishing plays an important role. Thus, suitable post-processing methods were compared, ablation was quantified, and a process chain for copper components was derived. The results enable the reliable production of structures with a fineness of up to 135 µm.
Strömungscharakteristika beim Ejektortiefbohren/Development and validation of a mesh-free flow model in ejector deep hole drilling
Authors: Gerken Julian Frederic , Canini Danilo , Biermann Dirk , Eberhard Peter 
Published: February 2023

Mit einem neuartigen gitterfreien Simulationsansatz und kombinierter In-Prozess-Sensorik wurde ein rechenzeitoptimiertes SPH-Simulationsmodell entwickelt, welches die Strömungscharakteristika beim Einsatz von Kühlschmierstoff beim Ejektortiefbohren abbildet. Zur Validierung der simulativen Arbeiten wurden Hochgeschwindigkeitsaufnahmen der KSS-Strömung in einem Ejektorsonderwerkzeug aus Acrylglas angefertigt und die Strömungscharakteristika mittels Particle Image Velocimetry ausgewertet.

With the aid of a novel mesh-free simulation approach combined with in-process sensor technology, a computationally optimized SPH simulation model was developed that simulates the cooling lubricant flow characteristics during ejector deep hole drilling. To validate the simulative work, high-speed images of the coolant flow in a special ejector tool made of acrylic glass were taken and the flow characteristics were evaluated using particle image velocimetry.
MODELLING AVIATION INDUSTRY'S RECOVERY FROM COVID-19 BASED ON PAST CRISES EXPERIENCE
Authors: Von der Brelie Jorgen , Arce Lemke Axel 
Published: February 2023

The aviation industry has experienced many crises, out of which it usually departed with a strong rebound. Looking at the timescale, it is justified to argue that about every 10 years, a major crisis occurs. While this frequency appears to be rather stable, the severity of the downturn differs in magnitude. Thereby, general economic development and air traffic development are connected, with the later one being more volatile. This volatility, however, is not just true for the downturn, but also for the rebound following the crisis.

Taking a close look at the temporal sequence of past crises like e.g. 9/11 or the Global Financial Crisis a clear pattern can be identified. The recovery of the aviation industry lags behind the recovery of the general economy, but rebounds stronger. To determine a quantitative relation of how much stronger the aviation industry recovers compared to the general economy, a model was developed based on the data of past crises. With a detailed focus on the recovery phase, this paper gives a forecast on how the rebound following the COVID-19 pandemic is likely to develop.
The DESI Survey Validation: Results from Visual Inspection of the Quasar Survey Spectra
Authors: Alexander David M. , Davis Tamara M. , Chaussidon E. , Fawcett V. A. , X. Gonzalez-Morales Alma , Lan Ting-Wen , Yèche Christophe , Ahlen S. , Aguilar J. N. , Armengaud E. , Bailey S. , Brooks D. , Cai Z. , Canning R. , Carr A. , Chabanier S. , Cousinou Marie-Claude , Dawson K. , de la Macorra A. , Dey A. , Dey Biprateep , Dhungana G. , Edge A. C. , Eftekharzadeh S. , Fanning K. , Farr James , Font-Ribera A. , Garcia-Bellido J. , Garrison Lehman , Gaztañaga E. , A Gontcho Satya Gontcho , Gordon C. , Medellin Gonzalez Stefany Guadalupe , Guy J. , Herrera-Alcantar Hiram K. , Jiang L. , Juneau S. , Karaçaylı N. G. , Kehoe R. , Kisner T. , Kovács A. , Landriau M. , Levi Michael E. , Magneville C. , Martini P. , Meisner Aaron M. , Mezcua M. , Miquel R. , Camacho P. Montero , Moustakas J. , Muñoz-Gutiérrez Andrea , Myers Adam D. , Nadathur S. , Napolitano L. , Nie J. D. , Palanque-Delabrouille N. , Pan Z. , Percival W. J. , Pérez-Ràfols I. , Poppett C. , Prada F. , Ramírez-Pérez César , Ravoux C. , Rosario D. J. , Schubnell M. , Tarlé Gregory , Walther M. , Weiner B. , Youles S. , Zhou Zhimin , Zou H. , Zou Siwei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A key component of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) survey validation (SV) is a detailed visual inspection (VI) of the optical spectroscopic data to quantify key survey metrics. In this paper we present results from VI of the quasar survey using deep coadded SV spectra. We show that the majority (≈70%) of the main-survey targets are spectroscopically confirmed as quasars, with ≈16% galaxies, ≈6% stars, and ≈8% low-quality spectra lacking reliable features. A nonnegligible fraction of the quasars are misidentified by the standard spectroscopic pipeline, but we show that the majority can be recovered using post-pipeline “afterburner” quasar-identification approaches. We combine these “afterburners” with our standard pipeline to create a modified pipeline to increase the overall quasar yield. At the depth of the main DESI survey, both pipelines achieve a good-redshift purity (reliable redshifts measured within 3000 km s−1) of ≈99%; however, the modified pipeline recovers ≈94% of the visually inspected quasars, as compared to ≈86% from the standard pipeline. We demonstrate that both pipelines achieve a median redshift precision and accuracy of ≈100 km s−1 and ≈70 km s−1, respectively. We constructed composite spectra to investigate why some quasars are missed by the standard pipeline and find that they are more host-galaxy dominated (i.e., distant analogs of “Seyfert galaxies”) and/or more dust reddened than the standard-pipeline quasars. We also show example spectra to demonstrate the overall diversity of the DESI quasar sample and provide strong-lensing candidates where two targets contribute to a single spectrum.
Identification of Galaxy Shreds in Large Photometric Catalogs Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Di Teodoro Enrico M. , Peek J. E. G. , Wu John F. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Contamination from galaxy fragments, identified as sources, is a major issue in large photometric galaxy catalogs. In this paper, we prove that this problem can be easily addressed with computer vision techniques. We use image cutouts to train a convolutional neural network (CNN) to identify cataloged sources that are in reality just star-formation regions and/or shreds of larger galaxies. The CNN reaches an accuracy ∼98% on our testing data sets. We apply this CNN to galaxy catalogs from three among the largest surveys available today: the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys, and the Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System Survey. We find that, even when strict selection criteria are used, all catalogs still show a ∼5% level of contamination from galaxy shreds. Our CNN gives a simple yet effective solution to clean galaxy catalogs from these contaminants.
The Origin of Persistently Nonthermal Solar Wind Electrons: the Steady Electron Runaway Model's Demonstration of Dreicer Bifurcation using Measured
E∥
and Ion–Electron Coulomb Drag
Authors: Scudder Jack D. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The Steady Electron Runaway Model (SERM) develops the hypothesis that the solar wind’s observed ubiquitous nonthermal electron velocity distribution functions (eVDFs) are caused by Dreicer's velocity space bifurcation in the strong dimensionless

E

∥

required by quasi-neutrality. SERM’s predicted partitions for the pressure and density are contrasted with appropriately adapted eVDF properties from the Wind 3DP experiment (1995–1998), based on in situ observations of

E

∥

. The observed number fraction of electrons in runaway, δ
3DP, follows a thousandfold decline of Dreicer’s predicted fraction, δ, across the observed tenfold reduction of

E

∥

, satisfying δ
3DP ≃ δ
0.89. SERM’s predictions are shown to reproduce the observed variations with

E

∥

of the electron partial pressure and excess kurtosis,



e

.



e

and

E

∥

are positively correlated across 4 yr, as expected by the SERM–Dreicer origin of the suprathermals. SERM quantitatively explains the observed 50 yr anticorrelation between δ
3DP and the partition slope temperature ratios. This documentation quantitatively establishes Coulomb runaway physics as the missing determinant of the ubiquitous nonthermal solar wind eVDF. Astrophysical plasmas, like stellar winds, are unavoidably inhomogeneous, requiring

E

∥

to enforce quasi-neutrality. Between the stars

E

∥

is expected to be sufficiently large that measurable runaway density fractions (0.1%–30%) will occur, producing widespread leptokurtic eVDFs. Using inhomogeneous two-fluid information, SERM predicts spatially dependent leptokurtic eVDF profiles consonant with Coulomb collisions and the fluid’s E
∥(r). SERM can also comment on its eVDFs’ consistency with Maxwellians presumed in the Spitzer–Härm closure. The solar wind profile shows the implied strong radial gradient of the plasma eVDF’s transformation from near thermal to strongly leptokurtic across 1.5–6 R
⊙.
A Swing of the Pendulum: The Chemodynamics of the Local Stellar Halo Indicate Contributions from Several Radial Merger Events
Authors: Donlon Thomas , Newberg Heidi Jo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We find that the chemical abundances and dynamics of APOGEE and GALAH stars in the local stellar halo are inconsistent with a scenario in which the inner halo is primarily composed of debris from a single massive, ancient merger event, as has been proposed to explain the Gaia-Enceladus/Gaia Sausage (GSE) structure. The data contain trends of chemical composition with energy that are opposite to expectations for a single massive, ancient merger event, and multiple chemical evolution paths with distinct dynamics are present. We use a Bayesian Gaussian mixture model regression algorithm to characterize the local stellar halo, and find that the data are fit best by a model with four components. We interpret these components as the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), Cronus, Nereus, and Thamnos; however, Nereus and Thamnos likely represent more than one accretion event because the chemical abundance distributions of their member stars contain many peaks. Although the Cronus and Thamnos components have different dynamics, their chemical abundances suggest they may be related. We show that the distinct low- and high-α halo populations from Nissen & Schuster are explained by VRM and Cronus stars, as well as some in situ stars. Because the local stellar halo contains multiple substructures, different popular methods of selecting GSE stars will actually select different mixtures of these substructures, which may change the apparent chemodynamic properties of the selected stars. We also find that the Splash stars in the Solar region are shifted to higher v

ϕ
and slightly lower [Fe/H] than previously reported.
What If Planet Nine Has Satellites?
Authors: Chan Man Ho 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In the past decade, numerical simulations started to reveal the possible existence of Planet Nine in our solar system. The Planet Nine scenario can provide an excellent explanation for the clustering in orbital elements for Kuiper Belt objects. However, no optical counterpart has been observed so far to verify the Planet Nine scenario. Therefore, some recent studies suggest that Planet Nine could be a dark object, such as a primordial black hole. In this article, we show that the probability of capturing large trans-Neptunian objects by Planet Nine to form a satellite system in the scattered disk region (between the inner Oort Clouds and the Kuiper Belt) is large. By adopting a benchmark model of Planet Nine, we show that the tidal effect can heat up the satellites significantly, which can give sufficient thermal radio flux for observations, even if Planet Nine is a dark object. This provides a new, indirect way for examining the Planet Nine hypothesis and revealing the basic properties of Planet Nine.
« Repousser les murs » en temps de pandémie : langage, tourisme et liberté
Authors: Wilson Adam 
Published: February 2023

Le tourisme se mêle toujours à une recherche – et à une promesse – de liberté, promesse d’autant plus séduisante dans le contexte de la pandémie de covid-19. Cet article a pour but d’explorer la reprise d’activité touristique « post-confinement » en France d’un point de vue sociolinguistique afin d’interroger les manières dont des rapports se tissent entre tourisme et liberté à cette période particulière. Prenant appui sur un travail de terrain entrepris dans le cadre de deux destinations françaises particulièrement représentatives des transformations du tourisme liées à la crise sanitaire, la première partie de l’analyse met en avant la part langagière d’une demande et d’une offre touristiques centrées autour de la nature. Dans la deuxième partie de l’analyse, cette demande et cette offre sont mises en lien avec une recherche de liberté et avec sa (co-)construction, ce qui donne lieu à l’identification de libertés émergentes dans le tourisme, c’est-à-dire des expériences de liberté créées dans et par le discours. En guise de conclusion, une réflexion est proposée sur ce que ces analyses peuvent nous dire sur les relations entre tourisme et liberté, que ce soit pré-, per-, ou post-pandémie.
L’État en action dans Mondes en développement
Authors: Leloup Fabienne 
Published: February 2023

En près de 200 numéros, quel traitement la revue Mondes en développement, consacrée aux modes et trajectoires de développement dans le monde, réserve-t-elle à l’étude de l’État, de l’action publique et du politique ? L’examen des dossiers thématiques et d’un échantillon d’articles permet de retracer les rôles, les défis et les enjeux posés par l’État au cours des dernières décennies. Cette analyse est introduite par le point de vue établi par la Banque mondiale dans ses rapports annuels et mise en perspective par des travaux de synthèse récents menés autour de l’action publique en Afrique et en Amérique latine. Classification JEL : H1, H7, R5
La gouvernance mondiale des États désunis
Authors: Plane Patrick 
Published: February 2023

La gouvernance mondiale d’après 1945 s’est structurée autour des États-Unis. Les institutions spécialisées comme le FMI et la Banque mondiale sont régulièrement contestées pour la nature des programmes qu’elles instillent et pour la domination qu’y exercent les pays développés. Cette gouvernance mondiale s’essouffle. Les puissances émergentes, dont la Chine, marquent des revendications de leadership, critiquent par ailleurs le libéralisme politique et son rôle dans le développement. Ces positions, sur lesquelles s’alignent certains pays en développement, amènent à une question de fond : jusqu’où aller dans l’altération des valeurs de la démocratie tout en maintenant la prospérité collective dans le respect des droits individuels ? Classification JEL : F5, F53, P51, E02
Les victimes au centre. Reconnaissance, pardon, réconciliation
Authors: Guibert Vincent 
Published: February 2023

Mettre les victimes au centre provoque l’Église à un long chemin d’écoute et de transformation. Son écoute des victimes doit être bienveillante tout en permettant à la personne concernée de sortir de sa culpabilité provoquée par le traumatisme. Les victimes sont devenues les témoins d’un immense drame pour le Corps de l’Église qui vit une étape historique. Un « marcher ensemble » de type synodal s’ouvre maintenant et il faut tout faire pour que ce chemin commun porte du fruit. Une Église traversée par la parole des victimes fait pénitence : elle ne peut plus être une institution préoccupée d’elle-même. La Parole de Dieu ouvre un chemin de réconciliation : elle est performative et permet de passer des étapes. Quel rite proposer aux victimes pour qu’elles deviennent des témoins au sens fort ?
Transformation par rupture ?
Authors: Zollner Hans 
Published: February 2023

Une analyse des mentalités spécifiquement catholiques explique pourquoi l’Église ne parvient pas à se réformer pour faire face aux abus. La posture défensive en réaction à la perte de pouvoir de l’Église a renforcé l’affirmation de son infaillibilité et un sentiment de victimisation, aux dépens de l’écoute des critiques et renforçant le devoir de protéger l’institution. La gestion du pouvoir et de la sexualité n’est pas adéquatement prise en compte dans la formation des clercs. Il faut donc non seulement clarifier les procédures canoniques et les structures d’autorité, mais changer les mentalités : reconnaître ouvertement les crimes, susciter la collaboration de tous pour lutter contre le cléricalisme, mettre en place des mesures de protection contre les abus et contre les accusations injustes, et offrir des lieux de guérison.
Alfonso el Sabio y su philobiblon atesorado
Authors: Pichel Ricardo 
Published: February 2023

El patrimonio cultural que nos legó Alfonso X es inabarcable en los diferentes campos del saber que promovió durante su reinado. El renacimiento y renovación cultural de lo que sus propios colaboradores denominaron «era alfonsí» transcendió las coordenadas geográficas y temporales de su audiencia cortesana, generando e inspirando nuevas tradiciones textuales. Los trabajos integrados en este volumen monográfico se centran en tres de las grandes áreas de interés para el Rey Sabio: la literatura devocional y miraculística –representada por las Cantigas de Santa María–, la historiografía general o universal –en este caso, ejemplificada en la General estoria– y, por último, la literatura jurídica –en particular, las Siete Partidas y el Setenario–. Todos ellos contribuyen a avanzar en el conocimiento del denso entramado de relaciones culturales desplegado por el Rey Sabio en las obras que promovió y en su evolución ideológica a lo largo de su complejo periplo político.
Lector in ffabla: Estructuras del Setenario de Alfonso X el Sabio (II)
Authors: Puigdengolas Johan 
Published: February 2023

En la segunda parte de esta serie de estudios, propondremos un foco en la complementariedad entre trama formular y trama narrativa en el Setenario de Alfonso X el Sabio para determinar las especificidades de esta codificación única e inédita del discurso jurídico alfonsí.
Intraoperative hydrodissection and Doppler ultrasound during magniﬁed varicocelectomy: A comparative study
Authors: Shebl Salah E. , Ali Saadelddin , El Gammal Ahmed 
Published: February 2023

Methods: We performed a non-randomized comparative trial that recruited infertile men with varicocele who were scheduled to undergo MSV. Eligible patients were allocated by the investigators in a 1:1 ratio to receive intraoperative Doppler (group I) or intraoperative Doppler plus hydrodissection (group II). Results: Sixty men were included in each group. The two study groups showed a comparable number of ligated veins on the right (4.22 ±1.57 versus 4.42 ± 1.65; p = 0.49) and left side (6.77 ± 2.14 versus 6.98 ± 2.29; p = 0.59). On the contrary, group II showed a signiﬁcantly higher number of preserved arteries on the right (2.42 ± 0.56 versus 1.47 ±0.5 in group I) and left side (2.6 ± 0.53 versus 1.63 ± 0.55 in group I), with p-value < 0.001. The sperm motility was signiﬁcantly higher in group II than in group I (21.25 ± 13.73 versus 13.85 ± 12.25, respectively; p = 0.002). In both groups, the sperm motility increased signiﬁcantly at the end of follow-up compared to the preoperative period. The postoperative sperm mortality remained signiﬁcantly higher in group II than in group I(p = 0.008).Conclusions: Intraoperative Doppler plus hydrodissection (D+IH-MSV) has advantages in preserving more arteries and enhancing the motility of sperms. Based on these ﬁndings, we strongly recommend D+IH-MSV when treating infertile men with varicocele.
‘People don’t understand what we go through!’: Caregiver views on South Africa’s care dependency grant
Authors: Trafford Zara 
Published: February 2023

Background: Caregivers are under enormous pressure in trying to provide for the needs of their children with disabilities in South Africa. The care dependency grant (CDG), an unconditional cash transfer, is the primary state-subsidised intervention for the social protection of low-income caregivers of children with disabilities.Objectives: The primary objective of this substudy, within a larger multistakeholder qualitative project, was to investigate caregiver perspectives on CDG assessment and application, their beliefs about the purpose of the CDG and how they actually used these funds.Methods: Data for this qualitative research included in-depth individual interviews and one focus group discussion. Six low-income caregivers who were current or previous CDG beneficiaries participated. Deductive thematic analysis was conducted using codes related to the objectives.Results: Access to the CDG was usually too late and over-complicated. Caregivers were grateful for the CDG but it was insufficient to cover the costs of care, in the context of high unemployment and weaknesses in complementary social services. Pressure on these caregivers was intensified by criticism in their social environments and a lack of respite care.Conclusion: Caregivers need service providers to be better trained and for systems of referral to available social services to be strengthened. The whole of society ought also to be targeted for increased social inclusion facilitated by improvements in understandings of the lived experience and cost of disability.Contribution: The rapid time from data collection to write-up of this study will aid in building the evidence base on the CDG, an urgent priority for South Africa’s journey towards comprehensive social protection.