bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fourth generation switching power supply for circular induction accelerators
Authors: Liu Yi , Okamura Katsuya , Takayama Ken 
Published: May 2023

A switching power supply (SPS) was applied as the high-frequency bipolar high-voltage pulse source required to accelerate charged particles in the induction synchrotron, which was a novel synchrotron proposed at the High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) in 2006, and it was also used in other circular induction accelerators proposed thereafter, including the induction sector cyclotron and the induction microtron. As the heart of the circular induction accelerator, the SPS has recently been developed up to a fourth generation system that uses newly developed 3.3 kV high-speed SiC metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors(MOSFETs). The updates involved in this new SPS include the use of two parallel MOSFETs in each arm to shunt heat dissipation at high frequencies, optimization of the bus pattern, with low parasitic capacitance among the arms to improve the drain–source voltage (VDS) balance, and addition of current sampling circuits to provide an economical method to monitor the operating status in large-scale application scenarios. The heat power and temperature characteristics of the MOSFETs were studied specifically in both individual tests and SPS tests. To date, the new SPS has achieved 2.5 kV-17.4 A bipolar output at 350 kHz in continuous mode operation. The highest junction temperature of the MOSFETs was estimated to be 98 °C.
Temperature dependence of photoluminescence spectrum of single lead halide perovskite nanocrystals: Effect of size on the phase transition temperature
Authors: Cho Kenichi , Yamada Takumi , Saruyama Masaki , Sato Ryota , Teranishi Toshiharu , Kanemitsu Yoshihiko 
Published: May 2023

Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy of individual semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) is a powerful method for understanding the intrinsic optical properties of these materials. Here, we report the temperature dependence of the PL spectra of single perovskite FAPbBr3 and CsPbBr3 NCs [FA = HC(NH2)2]. The temperature dependences of the PL linewidths were mainly determined by the Fröhlich interaction between excitons and longitudinal optical phonons. For FAPbBr3 NCs, a redshift in the PL peak energy appeared between 100 and 150 K, which was because of the orthorhombic-to-tetragonal phase transition. We found that the phase transition temperature of FAPbBr3 NCs decreases with decreasing NC size.
Linearized integrated microwave photonic circuit for filtering and phase shifting
Authors: Liu Gaojian , Ye Kaixuan , Daulay Okky , Tan Qinggui , Yu Hongxi , Marpaung David 
Published: May 2023

Photonic integration, advanced functionality, reconfigurability, and high radio frequency (RF) performance are key features in integrated microwave photonic systems that are still difficult to achieve simultaneously. In this work, we demonstrate an integrated microwave photonic circuit that can be reconfigured for two distinct RF functions, namely, a tunable notch filter and a phase shifter. We achieved &gt;50 dB high-extinction notch filtering over 6–16 GHz and 2π continuously tunable phase shifting over 12–20 GHz frequencies. At the same time, we implemented an on-chip linearization technique to achieve a spurious-free dynamic range of more than 120 dB · Hz4/5 for both functions. Our work combines multi-functionality and linearization in one photonic integrated circuit and paves the way to reconfigurable RF photonic front-ends with very high performance.
Demonstration of multi-pass amplification of 46.9 nm laser pumped by capillary discharge
Authors: Zhao Dongdi , Zhao Yongpeng , An Bo , Li Jiaqi , Cui Huaiyu 
Published: May 2023

Using a plane–plane resonator composed of silicon carbide mirrors, we achieve for the first time multi-pass amplification of a 46.9 nm laser pumped by capillary discharge. In terms of the temporal characteristics, for an initial argon pressure of 17 Pa, triple-pass amplification of the laser is obtained at a delay time between the pre-pulse and the main pulse currents of 40 µs, and quadruple-pass amplification is obtained at a delay time of 50 µs. The experimental results show that the gain duration of the plasma column is more than 6 ns. In terms of spatial characteristics, the spot of the output laser has a reduced full width at half maximum divergence compared with that from a laser without a resonator.
Simulation analysis of underwater wireless optical communication based on Monte Carlo method and experimental research in complex hydrological environment
Authors: Ren Yanru , Zhu Min , Cui Ke , Li Longxian , Wang Shengao 
Published: May 2023

This paper aims to address the challenges of short optical communication distances and high Bit Error Rates (BERs) caused by seawater absorption, scattering, and underwater turbulence. This paper establishes an optical communication channel model based on the Monte Carlo method and simulates and analyzes the process of received optical power attenuation when light is transmitted underwater due to absorption and scattering. The simulation model focuses on the influence of seawater type, transmission distance, receiver position, and angle on the received optical power attenuation. The results of this simulation will provide theoretical support for the development of prototype underwater optical communication systems and experiments in complex environments. To solve the long-range weak signal reception and processing issues in underwater optical wireless communication systems, this paper proposes the design and implementation of an underwater optical wireless communication system using optimized on-off keying high-power light-emitting diode/laser diode modulation technology and avalanche photodiode (APD)/photomultiplier (PMT) receiver modules. In addition, this paper describes the design of the underwater optical communication host computer software, which provides functions such as mode selection, BER monitoring, and file transfer. To test the performance of the proposed system, this paper conducts experiments in a 35 m long pool, fixed platform, and underwater mobile platform, as well as cross-air-water interface optical communication performance test experiments in a complex hydrological environment. The results show that the system achieved a 35 m underwater medium communication distance, transmission rate of 5–20 Mbps, and cross-domain wireless optical communication function under the condition of a BER of less than 10−6. The experiments also revealed that the communication distance decreases as the turbidity of the water body increases and the PMT receiver module selected at the receiver end has a longer communication distance than the APD receiver module. Overall, this paper demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed technology for underwater optical communication systems in complex waters, providing theoretical and data support for the next engineering practice.
高年级汉语课上怎么教“可说的”中文？—以鲁迅小说为例
Authors: Tao Peng 
Published: May 2023

提要
赵元任1969年提出要用“可说的”中文编写汉语教材，然而，高年级汉语教材，特别是以现当代文学作品为课文的教材，遣词造句常常跟口语习惯相去甚远，相悖甚多。本文将以鲁迅小说为分析对象，从文学批评、语言学、叙事学三个角度考察其中“不可说”部分，试着提出一个针对小说教学的多层级话语分析框架，同时结合教学实际，给出将书面语阅读能力转换为口语表达能力的若干建议。
Fabrication of n-shaped micro copper structures through localized electrochemical deposition
Authors: Wang Fuliang , Tian Qiang , Pan Chengpeng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Localized electrochemical deposition is a cost-effective technique for fabricating 3D microstructures. In this study, to fabricate a complete n-shaped micro copper structure, multi-layer deposition was adopted, and the v-groove was removed by an asymmetric trajectory. Thereafter, the merging mechanism of the n-shaped structure was analyzed using COMSOL simulations. The results demonstrated that multilayer deposition was suitable for connecting the copper column in different directions; the optimized layer was 15 layers with a height of 15 μm. The simulation showed that the v-groove was caused by the speed difference between the column and bumps, and an asymmetric trajectory with a height difference of 55 μm could suppress vertical deposition and remove the v-groove.
Heterogeneous integration of superconducting thin films and epitaxial semiconductor heterostructures with lithium niobate
Authors: Lienhart Michelle , Choquer Michael , Nysten Emeline D S , Weiß Matthias , Müller Kai , Finley Jonathan J , Moody Galan , Krenner Hubert J 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We report on scalable heterointegration of superconducting electrodes and epitaxial semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) on strong piezoelectric and optically nonlinear lithium niobate. The implemented processes combine the sputter-deposited thin film superconductor niobium nitride and III–V compound semiconductor membranes onto the host substrate. The superconducting thin film is employed as a zero-resistivity electrode material for a surface acoustic wave resonator with internal quality factors

Q
≈
17
000

representing a three-fold enhancement compared to identical devices with normal conducting electrodes. Superconducting operation of

≈

400

M
H
z

resonators is achieved to temperatures

T
>
7

K

and electrical radio frequency powers

P

r
f

>
+
9

d
B
m

. Heterogeneously integrated single QDs couple to the resonant phononic field of the surface acoustic wave resonator operated in the superconducting regime. Position and frequency selective coupling mediated by deformation potential coupling is validated using time-integrated and time-resolved optical spectroscopy. Furthermore, acoustoelectric charge state control is achieved in a modified device geometry harnessing large piezoelectric fields inside the resonator. The hybrid QD—surface acoustic wave resonator can be scaled to higher operation frequencies and smaller mode volumes for quantum phase modulation and transduction between photons and phonons via the QD. Finally, the employed materials allow for the realization of other types of optoelectronic devices, including superconducting single photon detectors and integrated photonic and phononic circuits.
Range verification of a clinical proton beam in an abdominal phantom by co-registration of ionoacoustics and ultrasound
Authors: Schauer Jannis , Wieser Hans-Peter , Lascaud Julie , Huang Yuanhui , Vidal Marie , Herault Joel , Ntziachristos Vasilis , Dollinger Günther , Parodi Katia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objective. The range uncertainty in proton radiotherapy is a limiting factor to achieve optimum dose conformity to the tumour volume. Ionoacoustics is a promising approach for in situ range verification, which would allow to reduce the size of the irradiated volume relative to the tumour volume. The energy deposition of a pulsed proton beam leads to an acoustic pressure wave (ionoacoustics), the detection of which allows conclusion about the distance between the Bragg peak and the acoustic detector. This information can be transferred into a co-registered ultrasound image, marking the Bragg peak position relative to the surrounding anatomy. Approach. A CIRS 3D abdominal phantom was irradiated with 126 MeV protons at a clinical proton therapy centre. Acoustic signals were recorded on the beam axis distal to the Bragg peak with a Cetacean C305X hydrophone. The ionoacoustic measurements were processed with a correlation filter using simulated filter templates. The hydrophone was rigidly attached to an ultrasound device (Interson GP-C01) recording ultrasound images of the irradiated region. Main results. The time of flight obtained from ionoacoustic measurements were transferred to an ultrasound image by means of an optoacoustic calibration measurement. The Bragg peak position was marked in the ultrasound image with a statistical uncertainty of σ = 0.5 mm of 24 individual measurements depositing 1.2 Gy at the Bragg peak. The difference between the evaluated Bragg peak position and the one obtained from irradiation planning (1.0 mm) is smaller than the typical range uncertainty (≈4 mm) at the given penetration depth (10 cm). Significance. The measurements show that it is possible to determine the Bragg peak position of a clinical proton beam with submillimetre precision and transfer the information to an ultrasound image of the irradiated region. The dose required for this is smaller than that used for a typical irradiation fraction.
The origin of Ti 1s XANES main edge shifts and EXAFS oscillations in the energy storage materials Ti2CT
x
and Ti3C2T
x
MXenes
Authors: Näslund Lars-Åke , Magnuson Martin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A potential application of two-dimensional (2D) MXenes, such as Ti2CT
x
and Ti3C2T
x
, is energy storage devices, such as supercapacitors, batteries, and hydride electrochemical cells, where intercalation of ions between the 2D layers is considered as a charge carrier. Electrochemical cycling investigations in combination with Ti 1s x-ray absorption spectroscopy have therefore been performed with the objective to study oxidation state changes during potential variations. In some of these studies Ti3C2T
x
has shown main edge shifts in the Ti 1s x-ray absorption near-edge structure. Here we show that these main edge shifts originate from the Ti 4p orbital involvement in the bonding between the surface Ti and the termination species at the fcc-sites. The study further shows that the t
2g

–eg
crystal field splitting (10Dq) observed in the pre-edge absorption region indicate weaker Ti–C bonds in Ti2CT
x
and Ti3C2T
x
compared to TiC and the corresponding MAX phases. The results from this study provide information necessary for improved electronic modeling and subsequently a better description of the materials properties of the MXenes. In general, potential applications, where surface interactions with intercalation elements are important processes, will benefit from the new knowledge presented.
Encrypted optical fiber tag based on encoded fiber Bragg grating array
Authors: Cai Zhihao , Li Bozhe , Bai Zhiyong , Liu Dejun , Yang Kaiming , Liu Bonan , Zhao Cong , Zou Mengqiang , Zhou Jie , Jiang Shangben , Huang Jingyi , Liu Li , Zhang Xuming , Qu Junle , Wang Yiping , Liao Changrui 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Optical fibers are typically used in telecommunications services for data transmission, where the use of fiber tags is essential to distinguish between the different transmission fibers or channels and thus ensure the working functionality of the communication system. Traditional physical entity marking methods for fiber labeling are bulky, easily confused, and, most importantly, the label information can be accessed easily by all potential users. This work proposes an encrypted optical fiber tag based on an encoded fiber Bragg grating (FBG) array that is fabricated using a point-by-point femtosecond laser pulse chain inscription method. Gratings with different resonant wavelengths and reflectivities are realized by adjusting the grating period and the refractive index modulations. It is demonstrated that a binary data sequence carried by a fiber tag can be inscribed into the fiber core in the form of an FBG array, and the tag data can be encrypted through appropriate design of the spatial distributions of the FBGs with various reflection wavelengths and reflectivities. The proposed fiber tag technology can be used for applications in port identification, encrypted data storage, and transmission in fiber networks.
Fabrication of polyetheretherketone (PEEK)-based 3D electronics with fine resolution by a hydrophobic treatment assisted hybrid additive manufacturing method
Authors: Wu Liexin , Meng Li , Wang Yueyue , Lv Ming , Ouyang Taoyuan , Wang Yilin , Zeng Xiaoyan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) is a free-form technology that shows great potential in the integrated creation of three-dimensional (3D) electronics. However, the fabrication of 3D conformal circuits that fulfill the requirements of high service temperature, high conductivity and high resolution remains a challenge. In this paper, a hybrid AM method combining the fused deposition modeling (FDM) and hydrophobic treatment assisted laser activation metallization (LAM) was proposed for manufacturing the polyetheretherketone (PEEK)-based 3D electronics, by which the conformal copper patterns were deposited on the 3D-printed PEEK parts, and the adhesion between them reached the 5B high level. Moreover, the 3D components could support the thermal cycling test from −55 °C to 125 °C for more than 100 cycles. Particularly, the application of a hydrophobic coating on the FDM-printed PEEK before LAM can promote an ideal catalytic selectivity on its surface, not affected by the inevitable printing borders and pores in the FDM-printed parts, then making the resolution of the electroless plated copper lines improved significantly. In consequence, Cu lines with width and spacing of only 60 µm and 100 µm were obtained on both as-printed and after-polished PEEK substrates. Finally, the potential of this technique to fabricate 3D conformal electronics was demonstrated.
Electric-driven flexible-roller nanoimprint lithography on the stress-sensitive warped wafer
Authors: Fan Yu , Wang Chunhui , Sun Jiaxing , Peng Xiaogang , Tian Hongmiao , Li Xiangming , Chen Xiaoliang , Chen Xiaoming , Shao Jinyou 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Surface nanopatterning of semiconductor optoelectronic devices is a powerful way to improve their quality and performance. However, photoelectric devices’ inherent stress sensitivity and inevitable warpage pose a huge challenge on fabricating nanostructures large-scale. Electric-driven flexible-roller nanoimprint lithography for nanopatterning the optoelectronic wafer is proposed in this study. The flexible nanoimprint template twining around a roller is continuously released and recovered, controlled by the roller’s simple motion. The electric field applied to the template and substrate provides the driving force. The contact line of the template and the substrate gradually moves with the roller to enable scanning and adapting to the entire warped substrate, under the electric field. In addition, the driving force generated from electric field is applied to the surface of substrate, so that the substrate is free from external pressure. Furthermore, liquid resist completely fills in microcavities on the template by powerful electric field force, to ensure the fidelity of the nanostructures. The proposed nanoimprint technology is validated on the prototype. Finally, nano-grating structures are fabricated on a gallium nitride light-emitting diode chip adopting the solution, achieving polarization of the light source.
A review on micro-drilling by electrochemical discharge machining
Authors: P S Sourav , Singh Shashank , Malik Anup 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe electrochemical discharge machining (ECDM) process is a hybrid of electric discharge machining and electrochemical machining. It was developed to overcome the limitations of other machining technologies on the micromachining of non-conducting materials. The performance of the process depends on various parameters. In this review article, the implications of input parameters on machining performance have been covered in detail. It is observed that various input parameter levels give different rate and quality of machining. A higher applied voltage and electrolyte concentration give a higher material removal rate but has adverse effects such as overcutting and heat-affected zone. The optimum process parameters for better material removal rate and surface quality have been discussed. The ECDM technique has undergone numerous modifications to meet various machining needs. The main ECDM process variants have been thoroughly examined. A wide variety of non-conducting materials, including glass, ceramics, and reinforced composites, have been successfully machined using the ECDM technique. The applications of the ECDM process have been examined and addressed. Potential future research directions and present advancements have also been presented.
Experimental study on NOx emission characteristics under oxy-fuel combustion
Authors: Wu Haibo , An Zhiyong , Zhang Kai , Mao Yu , Zheng Zhimin , Liu Zhaohui 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This study focuses on the emission characteristics of NOx under oxy-fuel combustion conditions. A comparative analysis with air combustion was performed. NOx emission, control measures and influence factors under different working conditions were studied. Experiments were carried out on a 3-MWth test platform and a laboratory platform. The ‘π’-type furnace was adopted, with the furnace width of 2.6 m, depth of 2.0 m and height of 10.5 m for the 3-MWth coal-fired boiler. NOx emissions at different oxygen concentrations and different air distribution were investigated; the effects of H2O and CO2 concentration on denitrification efficiency and SO2/SO3 conversion rate were explored. Experiment results suggest that, compared with air combustion, NO concentration (volume basis) at the furnace outlet under oxy-fuel combustion is higher than that of air combustion, but the amount of NOx emissions in the discharged gas significantly decrease compared to the air combustion conditions. In addition, the formation of NOx can be effectively controlled through staged combustion. Furthermore, the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) denitrification efficiency and the conversion rate of SO2 to SO3 decreases when the CO2 concentration and the H2O content increase, indicating that CO2 and H2O have an adverse effect on the performance of the catalyst. Additionally, compared with CO2 concentration, H2O content has a greater effect on catalyst performance.
Evaluation of series-parallel-cross-tied PV array configuration performance with maximum power point tracking techniques under partial shading conditions
Authors: Narne Dharani Kumar , Ramesh Kumar T A , Alla RamaKoteswaraRao 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Tracking the maximum power point is a critical issue with solar systems. The power output of the solar panel varies due to variations in irradiance and temperature. Nonuniform irradiation due to partial shading conditions has a direct impact on the characteristics of photovoltaic (PV) systems. To build a diversity of maximum power point tracking algorithms in solar PV systems, this work focuses on perturb and observe, incremental conductance, and fuzzy logic control methodologies. The suggested fuzzy logic control method outperformed the conventional incremental conductance and perturb and observe algorithms with a collection of 49 rules. This paper presents a novel series-parallel-cross-tied PV array configuration with a developed fuzzy methodology. To comment on the performance of a proposed system under various partial shading conditions, a series-parallel PV array configuration has been considered. The simulation result demonstrates that the fuzzy method has a percentage improvement in the global maximum power point tracking efficiency of 24.85% when compared to the perturb and observe method and a 65.5% improvement when compared to the incremental conductance method under long wide partial shading conditions. In the case of the middle partial shading condition, the fuzzy method has a percentage improvement in the global maximum power point tracking efficiency of 12.4% compared to the perturb and observe method and a 60.7% improvement compared to the incremental conductance method.