bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early ependymal tumor with MN1-BEND2 fusion: a mostly cerebral tumor of female children with a good prognosis that is distinct from classical astroblastoma
Authors: Lehman Norman L. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Review of the clinicopathologic and genetic features of early ependymal tumor with MN1-BEND2 fusion (EET MN1-BEND2), classical astroblastomas, and recently described related pediatric CNS tumors. I also briefly review general mechanisms of gene expression silencing by DNA methylation and chromatin remodeling, and genomic DNA methylation profiling as a powerful new tool for CNS tumor classification.

Methods
Literature review and illustration of tumor histopathologic features and prenatal gene expression timelines.

Results
Astroblastoma, originally descried by Bailey and Cushing in 1926, has been an enigmatic tumor. Whether they are of ependymal or astrocytic derivation was argued for decades. Recent genetic evidence supports existence of both ependymal and astrocytic astroblastoma-like tumors. Studies have shown that tumors exhibiting astroblastoma-like histology can be classified into discrete entities based on their genomic DNA methylation profiles, gene expression, and in some cases, the presence of unique gene fusions. One such tumor, EET MN1-BEND2 occurs mostly in female children, and has an overall very good prognosis with surgical management. It contains a gene fusion comprised of portions of the MN1 gene at chromosomal location 22q12.1 and the BEND2 gene at Xp22.13. Other emerging pediatric CNS tumor entities demonstrating ependymal or astroblastoma-like histological features also harbor gene fusions involving chromosome X, 11q22 and 22q12 breakpoint regions.

Conclusions
Genomic DNA profiling has facilitated discovery of several new CNS tumor entities, however, traditional methods, such as immunohistochemistry, DNA or RNA sequencing, and cytogenetic studies, including fluorescence in situ hybridization, remain necessary for their accurate biological classification and diagnosis.
Mothers of Adults with Intellectual Disabilities: Experiences, Perceptions and Influences on Their Sons’ and Daughters’ Romantic and Sexual Lives
Authors: Charitou Maria , Quayle Ethel , Sutherland Alan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIndividuals with Intellectual Disability (ID) value romantic and sexual expression, however often face barriers to developing relationships. Family caregivers play a significant role in supporting them with such matters throughout adulthood. In order to understand how to best support individuals with ID in this sphere of their lives, it is therefore essential to investigate family caregivers’ perceptions, influences and experiences. This study explored the views and experiences of nine mothers of adult individuals with mild and moderate ID in relation to their children’s romantic and sexual lives. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews and analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Findings suggested that mothers held positive, but sometimes ambivalent, attitudes towards their children’s romantic and sexual lives. They assumed the dual role of a facilitator and a protector, and although they generally expressed a commitment to supporting romantic experiences, they viewed sexual experiences with caution due to fears relating to vulnerability and risk. In the context of vulnerability, although most participants described their children’s sexual knowledge as poor, they reported lack of preventative sexual or contraceptive education delivered at home. Participants hoped that their children would manage a long-term relationship, however also experienced a sense of loss related to the realization that this might not be possible. The findings of this study highlight the need to help mothers to proactively support their adult children in building sexual knowledge. This, in turn, can reduce individuals’ vulnerability and improve their ability to make informed choices. Suggestions for future research are also discussed.
The Temperature Dependence of Hot Prograde Flows in Solar Active Regions
Authors: Fitzpatrick Jimmy C. , Hudson Hugh S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractUsing simultaneous observations from the EUV Variability Experiment (EVE) and imaging from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA), we characterise the temperature dependence of apparent hot flows in solar active regions. The EVE instrument performs Sun-as-a-star spectroscopy and is composed of two spectrographs: MEGS-A and MEGS-B (Multiple EUV Grating Spectrograph-A, -B). It is known that EVE can measure wavelength shifts and thus can observe relative Doppler velocities in solar atmospheric plasmas over an extended temperature range. However, MEGS-A is affected by a known astigmatism effect (Chamberlin: Solar Phys.291, 1665, 2016); inhomogeneities in EUV brightness on the solar surface result in purely instrumental wavelength errors. We validate our methods by independently quantifying this effect and comparing to Chamberlin’s results, and we explore the wavelength dependence as an extension of his formula as derived for He ii 304 Å. MEGS-B is unaffected by this instrumental effect in any case, and this has allowed us to find evidence of hot prograde flows in active regions. Using our image-based models for the astigmatism and flows, we independently confirm our original MEGS-B result. We now extend our knowledge of the temperature dependence of these flows via the additional Fe emission lines available in MEGS-A. We find a monotonic increase of apparent flow speed with temperature up through lines of Fe xvi, nominally formed at about 6.4 MK.
Estimating water erosion in the EL-Mador Valley Basin, South-West Matrouh City, Egypt, using revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) model through GIS
Authors: Hagras Ali 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWater erosion is among the largest and most crucial problems with soil loss and that is through land degradation in semi-arid regions and the North African areas are especially vulnerable to it. In addition, the EL-Mador Valley Basin is exposed to soil degradation due to climate and topographic properties as well as a human activity. In this scope, the aim of this study is to perform an evaluation of soil degradation hazards in the El-Mador Valley Basin by employing the equation RUSLE and the data of RS within a frame GIS. Furthermore, various raster layers have been designed to RUSLE parameters, such (R), (K), (LS), (C), and (P), and these inputs were merged into a GIS-based framework for measuring the degree of soil degradation. The results demonstrate the ranged values from 0 to > 2500 ton ha–1 year–1, with a geographical average of 54.80 ton ha–1 year–1. In addition, a soil erosion hazard map was created which was divided into five hazard categories: Low (56.56%), Moderate (13.88%), High (8.09%), Severe (8.82%), and Extreme (12.65%). Moreover, these results will be important to create mitigation strategies for regions where the soil loss is high, severe, and extreme, and also to assisting the local administration in setting priorities and basis for decision-makers to create suitable actions to decrease soil erosion hazards.
Anti-melanogenic effect of Moju through inhibition of tyrosinase activity
Authors: Kim Ha-Rim , Lee Seung-Hyeon , Noh Eun-Mi , Oh Boung-Jun , Kim Seon-Young , Park Mi Hee 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Moju is a traditional rice beverage local to Jeonju with an alcohol content of 1–2%. Moju is made by boiling makgeolli with several kinds of medicinal herbs, such as ginger, jujube and cinnamon. The raw materials used in Moju are well known for their physiological and functional effects. Although Moju is made with functional raw materials, the operational role of Moju has not yet been reported.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to identify the anti-melanogenic effects of Moju in B16F10 melanoma cells and explore the potential mechanisms.

Results
In this study, we investigated the antioxidant activity and anti-melanogenic effect of Moju. Moju showed no toxicity to HEK293T or B16F10 cells. The antioxidant activity of Moju was confirmed by its ability to increase radical scavenging activity. Moju decreased tyrosinase activity in a concentration-dependent manner. At the cellular level, Moju reduced melanin synthesis and the expression of proteins involved in melanin synthesis at concentrations of 100, 250, and 500 μg/mL in B16F10 cells. In addition, Moju inhibited the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK).

Conclusions
These results provide evidence that Moju has antioxidant activity and anti-melanogenic effect that occur through regulation of the ERK pathway. Although further research is needed to elucidate the specific mechanism and functional components, the ability of Moju to inhibit melanin synthesis by altering tyrosinase activation suggest that it can be used as a functional whitening ingredient.
Load and velocity boundaries of oil-based superlubricity using 1,3-diketone
Authors: Yuan Yuyang , Amann Tobias , Xu Yuwen , Zhang Yan , Chen Jingfu , Yuan Chenqing , Li Ke 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe clarification of the critical operating conditions and the failure mechanism of superlubricity systems is of great significance for seeking appropriate applications in industry. In this work, the superlubricity region of 1,3-diketone oil EPND (1-(4-ethyl phenyl) nonane-1,3-dione) on steel surfaces was identified by performing a series of ball-on-disk rotation friction tests under various normal loads (3.5–64 N) and sliding velocities (100–600 mm/s). The result shows that beyond certain loads or velocities superlubricity failed to be reached due to the following negative effects: (1) Under low load (≤ 3.5 N), insufficient running-in could not ensure good asperity level conformity between the upper and lower surfaces; (2) the high load (≥ 64 N) produced excessive wear and big debris; (3) at low velocity (≤ 100 mm/s), the weak hydrodynamic effect and the generated debris deteriorated the lubrication performance; (4) at high velocity (≥ 500 mm/s), oil migration occurred and resulted in oil starvation. In order to expand the load and velocity boundaries of the superlubricity region, an optimized running-in method was proposed to avoid the above negative effects. By initially operating a running-in process under a suitable combination of load and velocity (e.g. 16 N and 300 mm/s) and then switching to the target certain higher or lower load/velocity (e.g. 100 N), the superlubricity region could break through its original boundaries. The result of this work suggests that oil-based superlubricity of 1,3-diketone is a promising solution to friction reduction under suitable operating conditions especially using a well-designed running-in strategy.
Mitigation of tribocorrosion of metals in aqueous solutions by potential-enhanced adsorption of surfactants
Authors: Liu Chenxu , Tian Yu , Khan Zulfiqar A. , Meng Yonggang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCorrosion and corrosive wear occur commonly on metals surface in aqueous solutions. External electric field is usually considered as one of the factors to accelerate corrosion or corrosive wear of materials in the presence of conventional electrolytes. This work aims to reposition widely believed perspective by experimental justification which have been conducted in aqueous solutions containing surfactants. Electric potential of metal surfaces was modulated externally within the electrochemical potential window of the metal electrode-solution-counter electrode system, which actively regulated the adsorption or desorption of surfactant molecule in the aqueous solution over the electrodes to form a molecular barrier of electron transportation across the electrode-electrolyte interface. The advantage of the approach over the anodic passivation is negligible redox reactions on the protected electrode surface while a better lubricious and wear resistant film than oxide is maintained in the meantime. Tribopairs of several metal/metal and metal/ceramic were tested by employing a ball-on-disc tribometer with anionic and cationic surfactants solutions. For anionic surfactant as the modifier, positive surface potential enables coefficient of friction to be decreased by promoting the formation of adsorption film on metal surface in aqueous solutions. For cationic surfactant, negative surface potential plays a role in decreasing the coefficient of friction. Phase diagrams of friction and wear in wide ranges of surfactant concentration and surface potential were plotted for the tested metal/metal and metal/ceramic tribopairs. These results indicate that the adsorption behavior of molecules or ions at the metal-aqueous interface can be well regulated when an external electric field is present without inducing corrosion or corrosive wear.
Empire, Kinship and Violence
Authors: Elbourne Elizabeth 
Published: January 2023

Empire, Kinship and Violence traces the history of three linked imperial families in Britain and across contested colonial borderlands from 1770 to 1842. Elizabeth Elbourne tracks the Haudenosaunee Brants of northeastern North America from the American Revolution to exile in Canada; the Bannisters, a British family of colonial administrators, whistleblowers and entrepreneurs who operated across Australia, Canada and southern Africa; and the Buxtons, a family of British abolitionists who publicized information about what might now be termed genocide towards Indigenous peoples while also pioneering humanitarian colonialism. By recounting the conflicts that these interlinked families were involved in she tells a larger story about the development of British and American settler colonialism and the betrayal of Indigenous peoples. Through an analysis of the changing politics of kinship and violence, Elizabeth Elbourne sheds new light on transnational debates about issues such as Indigenous sovereignty claims, British subjecthood, violence, land rights and cultural assimilation.
Is the Supreme Court’s Legitimacy Vulnerable to Intense Appointment Politics? Democrats’ Changed Views Around Justice Ginsburg’s Death
Authors: Glick David 
Published: January 2023

AbstractJustice Ruth Bader Ginsburg’s death near the end of the Trump presidency set off a fight in which Republicans moved to rapidly replace her over Democrats’ objections. I use a survey that was in the field at the time to assess whether this period affected the Court’s legitimacy. I find that Democrats who responded in the days just after Justice Ginsburg’s death saw the Court as less legitimate than those who responded shortly before it. These findings connect to broader questions about the sources of Court legitimacy, the mechanisms through which it changes, and the impact of contestation over appointments.
Commitment to sustainability in large European banks and its relationship with board gender diversity: a 2030 Agenda perspective
Authors: Gutiérrez-Fernández Milagros , Gallego-Sosa Clara , Fernández-Torres Yakira 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEnsuring a sustainable future by meeting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) cannot be achieved without women's empowerment and gender equality. This study aims to determine whether there are differences between European banks in terms of their commitment to SDGs and the intensity of this commitment depending on their board gender diversity. A sample of the 50 largest European banks from 2016 to 2020 was used to perform hypothesis testing for differences in means. The results provide robust support for the assertion that banks with greater female representation on the board of directors have a greater commitment to the 2030 Agenda. The originality of this research lies in the use of indicators of commitment to SDGs corresponding to each of the five SDG pillars. This study thus provides the first evidence of the importance of distinguishing between these pillars when examining the relationship between commitment to SDGs and board gender diversity. This evidence advances the scant literature on this relationship.
Development and validation of the ASKFV-SE tool to measure children's self-efficacy for requesting fruits and vegetables
Authors: Amin Sarah , Hafner Sabrina , McNamara Jade , Raymond Joanna , Balestracci Kate , Missimer Amanda , Potvin Jacquelyn , Greene Geoffrey 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The aim of the present study was to develop the ASKFV-SE tool to measure self-efficacy (SE) towards requesting fruits and vegetables (FV) in the home and school environment with school-age children (grades 4–5) from urban, ethnically diverse, low-income households. Cognitive interviews reduced the tool from eleven items to seven. The 7-item questionnaire was tested with 444 children. The items loaded on two factors: home SE (four items) and school SE (two items) with one item was excluded (<0⋅40). The reduced 6-item, 2-factor structure was the best fit for the data (χ2 = 45⋅09; df = 9; CFI = 0⋅835; RMSEA = 0⋅147). Confirmatory factory analysis revealed that the 4-item home SE had high reliability (α = 0⋅73) and marginally acceptable reliability for the 2-item school SE (α = 0⋅53). The pre-COVID intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0⋅584 (P < 0⋅001; fair; n = 57) compared to 0⋅736 during-COVID (P < 0⋅001; good; n 50). The ASKFV-SE tool measures children's SE for asking for FVs with strong psychometric properties and low participant burden.
ANNIHILATORS AND DIMENSIONS OF THE SINGULARITY CATEGORY
Authors: LIU JIAN 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLet R be a commutative Noetherian ring. We prove that if R is either an equidimensional finitely generated algebra over a perfect field, or an equidimensional equicharacteristic complete local ring with a perfect residue field, then the annihilator of the singularity category of R coincides with the Jacobian ideal of R up to radical. We establish a relationship between the annihilator of the singularity category of R and the cohomological annihilator of R under some mild assumptions. Finally, we give an upper bound for the dimension of the singularity category of an equicharacteristic excellent local ring with isolated singularity. This extends a result of Dao and Takahashi to non-Cohen–Macaulay rings.
Can biomarkers predict myocardial iron overload in children with thalassemia major?
Authors: Karakaş Hasan , Eroğlu Ayşe Güler , Akyel Nazlı Gülsüm , Çığ Gülnaz , Adaletli İbrahim , Özdemir Gül Nihal , Türkkan Emine , Celkan Tülin Tiraje 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAim:Beta-thalassemia major requires regular blood transfusions throughout life, which in turn leads to iron accumulation in the body. While cardiac T2* MRI is the gold standard in determining cardiac iron accumulation, it is not always feasible, which has led to the search for new biomarkers. Herein, the value of growth differentiation factor-15, galectin-3, and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in predicting cardiac iron accumulation is investigated in asymptomatic children with beta-thalassemia major.Materials and method:Forty-one patients aged 11–21 years and 41 age-, gender-, body mass index-matched healthy controls were included. Serum growth differentiation factor-15, galectin-3, and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels were compared between the patients and controls. Additionally, the relations of these biomarkers with cardiac and liver T2 * MRI were investigated in the patients.Results:In the patients, growth differentiation factor-15, galectin-3, and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels were higher than healthy controls (p < 0.001, p = 0.025, p < 0.001, respectively). There were no significant correlations of growth differentiation factor-15 and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels with both cardiac and liver T2 * MRI measurements. While there was no significant correlation of serum galectin-3 with cardiac T2 * MRI measurements, a negative correlation was found with liver T2 * MRI measurements (p = 0.040, rho = –0.325).Conclusion:All three biomarkers investigated in this study failed to predict myocardial iron accumulation in asymptomatic children with beta-thalassemia major. However, a weak relation between serum galectin-3 level and hepatic iron accumulation was demonstrated.
A Socio-Health Approach to Improve Local Disaster Resilience and Contain Secondary Crises: A Case Study in an Agricultural Community Exposed to Bushfires in Australia
Authors: Cuthbertson Joseph , Archer Frank , Robertson Andy , Rodriguez-Llanes Jose 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRecent large-scale disasters have exposed the interconnected nature of modern societies, exacerbating the risk of cascading impacts. Examining elements of community health status, such as social determinants of health, their perceived health status, and how they relate to disaster resilience, can illuminate alternative actions for cost-effective disaster prevention and management. Moreover, agricultural communities are essential to food security and provide a working example of the importance of mitigation in escalation of crises. To that aim, this research examines perceptions of the relationship between disaster resilience and determinants of health, including health status. Participants also reported their views on perceived vulnerable groups in their community and proposed design characteristics of more effective community disaster plans.Here investigated are these elements in a small agricultural community of Western Australia previously exposed to bushfires. A questionnaire was used based on health elements from the Social Determinants of Health described by the World Health Organization (WHO) and compared this with quantitative data describing the community health status. A mixed methods approach combining qualitative (semi-structured interview) and quantitative (closed questions using a Likert scale) tools was undertaken with a small group of community members.It was found that community connection and social capital were perceived to provide knowledge and support that enhanced individual disaster risk awareness and preparedness and improved an individual’s disaster resilience. Stress and social exclusion within a community were perceived to decrease an individual’s resilience to disaster. Disaster resilience was reported to be a function of good physical and mental health. To achieve effective disaster planning, community partnership in the development, education, and testing of plans and robust communication were described as essential traits in community emergency plans.