bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unilateral Double Eyelid Formation after Botulinum Toxin A Injection: A Case Report
Authors: Jiang Liya , Liu Yue , Wang Lianzhao , Hu Jintian 
Published: August 2023

Summary:
Botulinum toxin injection has been widely used for facial rejuvenation, with high rates of efficacy and patient satisfaction. In this article, we describe a reproducible phenomenon of unilateral double eyelid formation with the treatment of upper facial rhytides using botulinum toxin. A 38-year-old man was given onabotulinum toxin A injections in the frontal stria and glabellar lines. The procedure was repeated after 6 months. Unilateral double eyelids were noted twice on the right side about 7 days after each injection. The maintenance time for each procedure was about 1 month. The rhytides improved about 3 days after each injection and were maintained for about 4 months. No adverse effects were observed. This rare phenomenon could be due to the compensatory increased strength of the levator palpebrae superioris muscle and the anatomical structure of the patient’s right eyelid.
Pulling Strings: Otoplasty Complicated by Wound Dehiscence in the Setting of Prolonged Mask Wearing
Authors: Luther Lauren , Chrisos Haley A. , Ganor Oren 
Published: August 2023

Summary:
Improved understanding of the psychosocial effects of prominent ears has led to increased intervention in early school-aged children. Cartilage-sparing otoplasty procedures are commonly used in this population, given the effectiveness of sutures in remodeling the pliable pediatric ear. In addition to their efficacy, another advantage of these techniques is their low overall complication rates, with complications beyond 3 months being particularly uncommon. We present the clinical case of a 5-year-old female patient who experienced wound dehiscence 9 months after her cartilage-sparing otoplasty. Before experiencing her atypical complication, she had been wearing an ear-looped mask daily to comply with guidelines developed to reduce the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in schools. The use of masks would previously not have been a concern in this age group, but given the longevity of the COVID-19 pandemic and the importance of masking as a public health tool, this needs to be a consideration for otoplasty patients going forward. Pressure and friction on an immature surgical scar impede healing and expose the patient to increased risk of complications. Therefore, we discuss options for decreasing exposure to COVID-19 and complying with local face-covering policies while avoiding the direct contact associated with traditional ear-looped masks. Additionally, we explore the role permanent suture material may have played in predisposing our patient to mask-related irritation.
How Important Are Dedicated Research Years and Global Health to Applicants in Plastic Surgery?
Authors: Reddy Narainsai K. , Applebaum Sarah A. , Wester James R. , Drolet Brian C. , Janis Jeffrey E. , Gosain Arun K. 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Applicant preferences for required research and global surgery experiences during plastic surgery training have not been previously studied.

Methods:
An anonymous survey was sent to integrated plastic surgery applicants from consecutive residency application cycles (2018–2020). Research and global health experiences before residency were elicited, along with the interest to continue these activities. Data were analyzed using frequency distributions and chi-square test of independence.

Results:
Seventy-eight former plastic surgery applicants responded to the survey (15.7% response rate). Most participants (65%) viewed time for research as important when evaluating residency programs. Fewer respondents (10%) ranked programs with a required research year higher, whereas 47% ranked those programs lower and 43% did not factor it into their decision-making. Less than one-third of respondents (28%) reported prior global health experience, yet 44% viewed international opportunities as an important factor when ranking programs, and the majority (72%) stated plans to participate in global surgery during residency. Past experience on a global health trip predicted a strong preference for longer rotations (P = 0.003) and willingness to use vacation time to participate during residency (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Research was an important consideration in residency selection, but a few preferred a residency program with a dedicated research year. Although applicants had limited experience with global surgery, the majority intended to get involved during residency. Understanding factors that influence applicants’ interests in residency programs may better equip programs with information to create enriching experiences and attract the most qualified applicants.
Hepatic venous outflow obstruction after adult living donor liver transplantation
Authors: Sambommatsu Yuzuru , Hirukawa Kazuya , Shimata Keita , Honda Masaki , Sakurai Yuto , Ishii Masatsugu , Ibuki Sho , Isono Kaori , Irie Tomoaki , Kawabata Seiichi , Hirao Hiroki , Sugawara Yasuhiko , Tamura Yoshitaka , Ikeda Osamu , Hirai Toshinori , Inomata Yukihiro , Morinaga Jun , Hibi Taizo 
Published: August 2023

Hepatic venous outflow obstruction (HVOO) is a rare but critical vascular complication after adult living donor liver transplantation. We categorized HVOOs according to their morphology (anastomotic stenosis, kinking, and intrahepatic stenosis) and onset (early-onset < 3 mo vs. late-onset ≥ 3 mo). Overall, 16/324 (4.9%) patients developed HVOO between 2000 and 2020. Fifteen patients underwent interventional radiology. Of the 16 hepatic venous anastomoses within these 15 patients, 12 were anastomotic stenosis, 2 were kinking, and 2 were intrahepatic stenoses. All of the kinking and intrahepatic stenoses required stent placement, but most of the anastomotic stenoses (11/12, 92%) were successfully managed with balloon angioplasty, which avoided stent placement. Graft survival tended to be worse for patients with late-onset HVOO than early-onset HVOO (40% vs. 69.3% at 5 y, p = 0.162) despite successful interventional radiology. In conclusion, repeat balloon angioplasty can be considered for simple anastomotic stenosis, but stent placement is recommended for kinking or intrahepatic stenosis. Close follow-up is recommended in patients with late-onset HVOO even after successful treatment.
Dynamic Seeding versus Microinjection of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Acellular Nerve Allograft Reconstructions
Authors: Bedar Meiwand , Pulos Nicholas A. , Shin Alexander Y. 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Functional recovery after acellular nerve allograft (ANA) reconstruction remains inferior to that after autologous nerve grafting, but improved outcomes have been demonstrated with the addition of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Controversy exists regarding the optimal cell-delivery method to enhance ANA reconstructions. The authors investigated the functional recovery of ANAs after dynamic seeding versus microinjection of MSCs.

Methods:
Forty Lewis rats underwent reconstruction of a 10-mm sciatic nerve defect. Animals were divided into 4 groups: reversed autograft, ANA alone, dynamically seeded ANA, or ANA injected with MSCs. During the survival period, ultrasound measurements of the tibialis anterior muscle cross-sectional area were performed. At 12 weeks, functional recovery was evaluated using measurements of ankle contracture, compound muscle action potential, maximum isometric tetanic force, muscle mass, histomorphometry, and immunofluorescence.

Results:
The dynamic seeding and microinjection groups demonstrated higher cross-sectional tibialis anterior muscle area recovery than autografts and ANAs alone at week 8 and weeks 4 and 8, respectively. The ankle contracture and compound muscle action potential amplitude recovery were superior in autografts and both seeding methods compared with ANAs alone. The microinjection group demonstrated significantly higher isometric tetanic force, muscle mass, and number of axons compared with ANAs alone. Both seeding methods showed higher CD34 densities compared with ANAs alone. No significant differences between dynamic seeding and microinjection were observed in functional or histologic outcomes.

Conclusions:
The addition of MSCs to ANAs demonstrated earlier motor regeneration compared with autografts and ANAs alone. Both seeding methods improved functional outcomes in the rat sciatic nerve defect model.
Human kinesin-5 KIF11 drives the helical motion of anti-parallel and parallel microtubules around each other
Authors: Meißner Laura , Schüring Irene , Mitra Aniruddha , Diez Stefan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDuring mitosis, motor proteins and microtubule-associated protein organize the spindle apparatus by cross-linking and sliding microtubules. Kinesin-5 plays a vital role in spindle formation and maintenance, potentially inducing twist in the spindle fibers. The off-axis power stroke of kinesin-5 could generate this twist, but its implications in microtubule organization remain unclear. Here, we investigate 3D microtubule-microtubule sliding mediated by the human kinesin-5, KIF11, and found that the motor caused right-handed rotation of anti-parallel microtubules around each other. The effective sidestepping probability of KIF11 increased with reduced ATP concentration, indicating that forward and sideways stepping of the motor are not strictly coupled. Further, the microtubule-microtubule distance (motor extension) during sliding decreased with increasing sliding velocity. Intriguingly, parallel microtubules cross-linked by KIF11 orbit without forward motion, with nearly full extension. Altering the length of the neck linker increased the forward velocity and pitch of microtubules in anti-parallel overlaps. Taken together, we suggest that helical motion and orbiting of microtubules, driven by KIF11, enable flexible and context-dependent filament organization, as well as torque regulation within the mitotic spindle.
Time-deterministic cryo-optical microscopy
Authors: Yamanaka M. , Tsuji K. , Kumamoto Y. , Tamura S. , Miyamura W. , Kubo T. , Mizushima K. , Kono K. , Hirano H. , Sugiura K. , Fukushima S. , Kunimoto T. , Nishida K. , Mochizuki K. , Harada Y. , Smith N. I. , Heintzmann R. , Nagai T. , Tanaka H. , Fujita K. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe developed a technique to rapidly freeze biological systems during observation under an optical microscope, which allows for detailed optical observation at a precise time in the biological dynamics at high spatial resolution and quantifiability under low-temperature conditions. Our study further found that ion distributions and molecular conformations can be fixed in space and time, demonstrated by visualization of calcium waves rapid-frozen at an instant using fluorescent ion indicators. These results show that time-deterministic cryo-optical microscopy can suspend cellular dynamics while maintaining molecular and ionic states, allowing us to view cellular dynamics in a way that has not been possible before.One-Sentence SummaryRapid freezing of dynamic biological systems during optical observation presents time information to the fixed samples
Isolation and genomic characterization of the tick-borne relapsing fever spirochete,Borrelia turicatae, from ticks collected in a peridomestic setting of Camayeca, Mexico
Authors: Vázquez-Guerrero Edwin , Kneubehl Alexander R. , Pellegrini-Hernández Patricio , González-Quiroz José Luis , Domínguez-López María Lilia , Krishnavajhala Aparna , Santos Paulina Estrada-de los , Ibarra J. Antonio , Lopez Job E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSurveillance studies were implemented in Sinaloa, Mexico to determine the circulation of tick-borne relapsing fever spirochetes. Argasid ticks were collected from a human dwelling in the village of Camayeca and spirochetes were isolated. Genomic analysis indicated thatBorrelia turicataeis a threat to those living in resource limited settings.Article Summary LineWe report the collection of argasid ticks from a peridomestic setting in Mexico and the isolation ofBorrelia turicatae; increased surveillance efforts are needed on this overlooked vector-borne pathogen.
Mis-splicing Drives Loss of Function of p53E224DPoint Mutation
Authors: Lock Ian C. , Leisenring Nathan H. , Floyd Warren , Xu Eric S. , Luo Lixia , Ma Yan , Mansell Erin C. , Cardona Diana M. , Lee Chang-Lung , Kirsch David G. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundTp53 is the most commonly mutated gene in cancer. Canonical Tp53 DNA damage response pathways are well characterized and classically thought to underlie the tumor suppressive effect of Tp53. Challenging this dogma, mouse models have revealed that p53 driven apoptosis and cell cycle arrest are dispensable for tumor suppression. Here, we investigated the inverse context of a p53 mutation predicted to drive expression of canonical targets, but is detected in human cancer.MethodsWe established a novel mouse model with a single base pair mutation (GAG>GAC, p53E221D) in the DNA-Binding domain that has wild-type function in screening assays, but is paradoxically found in human cancer in Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Using mouse p53E221Dand the analogous human p53E224Dmutant, we evaluated expression, transcriptional activation, and tumor suppression in vitro and in vivo.ResultsExpression of human p53E224Dfrom cDNA translated to a fully functional p53 protein. However, p53E221D/E221DRNA transcribed from the endogenous locus is mis-spliced resulting in nonsense mediated decay. Moreover, fibroblasts derived from p53E221D/E221Dmice do not express a detectable protein product. Mice homozygous for p53E221Dexhibited increased tumor penetrance and decreased life expectancy compared to p53 WT animals.ConclusionsMouse p53E221Dand human p53E224Dmutations lead to splice variation and a biologically relevant p53 loss of function in vitro and in vivo.
Macrophages form integrin-mediated adhesion rings to pinch off surface-bound objects for phagocytosis
Authors: Pal Kaushik , Kundu Subhankar , Wang Xuefeng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMacrophages engulf micron-sized objects including pathogens and cell debris by phagocytosis, serving a fundamental role in immune defense and homeostasis1, 2. Although the internalization process of suspended particles has been thoroughly investigated3, 4, it is incompletely understood how macrophages internalize surface-bound objects by overcoming the surface binding. Here, we prepared a force-sensing platform which visualizes cell-substrate adhesive force by fluorescence. Macrophages are tested on this platform with micron-sized objects (E. coli, microbeads and silver nanorods) immobilized. By co-imaging integrin-transmitted forces and corresponding structural proteins, we discovered that macrophages consistently form integrin-mediated adhesion structures on the surface to encircle and pinch off surface-bound objects. We termed these structures phagocytic adhesion rings (PAR) and showed that integrin tensions in PARs are resulted from local actin polymerization, but not from myosin II. We further demonstrated that the intensity of integrin tensions in PARs is correlated with the object surface-bound strength, and the integrin ligand strength (dictating the upper limit of integrin tensions) determines the phagocytosis efficiency. Collectively, this study revealed a new phagocytosis mechanism that macrophages form PARs to provide physical anchorage for local F-actin polymerization that pushes and lifts off surface-bound objects during phagocytosis.
Genetic differentiation at extreme latitudes in the socially plastic sweat beeHalictus rubicundus
Authors: Michels Bas , Beekman Mariska M. , Field Jeremy , Gruber Jodie , Pannebakker Bart A. , Savill Charlotte , Boulton Rebecca A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe sweat beeHalictus rubicundusis an important pollinator with a large latitudinal range and many potential barriers to gene flow. Alongside typical physical barriers, including mountain ranges and oceans, the climate may also impose restrictions on gene flow in this species. The climate influences voltinism and sociality inH. rubicundus, which is bivoltine and can nest socially at lower latitudes but can be univoltine and solitary in the north of its range and at higher altitudes where the climate is cooler. Variation in voltinism due to the climate may result in differences in phenology between populations across this species’ geographical range. Differences in phenology could limit gene flow, rendering populations at extreme latitudes genetically isolated and potentially more vulnerable to environmental stressors. A previous study found that the Irish Sea restricts gene flow in this species, but there was no evidence that differences in phenology had a similar effect as there was no genetic differentiation betweenH. rubicunduspopulations on mainland Britain. Here we extend the previous study to consider populations ofH. rubicundusat extreme northern and southern latitudes in the UK. Using 12 microsatellite markers for genotyping, we found that bees from a population in the far north of Scotland were genetically differentiated from bees collected in Cornwall in the south-west of England. In contrast, bees collected across the Irish Sea in Northern Ireland showed genetic overlap with both the Scottish and Cornish bees. Our results suggest that when populations at extreme latitudes are considered, phenology and the climate may act alongside physical barriers such as the Scottish Highlands and the Irish Sea to restrict gene flow inH. rubicundus. We discuss the implications of our results for local adaptation in the face of rapidly changing selection pressures which are likely under climate change.
Specific configurations of electrical synapses filter sensory information to drive choices in behavior
Authors: Almoril-Porras Agustin , Calvo Ana C. , Niu Longgang , Beagan Jonathan , Hawk Josh D. , Aljobeh Ahmad , Wisdom Elias M. , Ren Ivy , Díaz-García Malcom , Wang Zhao-Wen , Colón-Ramos Daniel A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSynaptic configurations in precisely wired circuits underpin how sensory information is processed by the nervous system, and the emerging animal behavior. This is best understood for chemical synapses, but far less is known about how electrical synaptic configurations modulate,in vivoand in specific neurons, sensory information processing and context-specific behaviors. We discovered that INX-1, a gap junction protein that forms electrical synapses, is required to deploy context-specific behavioral strategies duringC. elegansthermotaxis behavior. INX-1 couples two bilaterally symmetric interneurons, and this configuration is required for the integration of sensory information during migration of animals across temperature gradients. Ininx-1mutants, uncoupled interneurons display increased excitability and responses to subthreshold temperature stimuli, resulting in abnormally longer run durations and context-irrelevant tracking of isotherms. Our study uncovers a conserved configuration of electrical synapses that, by increasing neuronal capacitance, enables differential processing of sensory information and the deployment of context-specific behavioral strategies.One-Sentence SummaryCoupling of interneurons by electrical synapses reduces membrane resistance and filters sensory inputs to guide sensory-dependent behavioral choices.
Investigating tumor-associated macrophages and their polarization in colorectal cancer using Boolean implication networks
Authors: Dadlani Ekta , Dash Tirtharaj , Sahoo Debashis 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTumor-associated Macrophages (or TAMs) are amongst the most common cells that play a significant role in the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). [Ghosh et al., 2023] have built a Boolean-logic dependent model to propose a set of gene signatures capable of identifying macrophage polarization states. The signature, called the Signature of Macrophage Reactivity and Tolerance (SMaRT), comprises of 338 human genes (equivalently, 298 mouse genes). The SMaRT signature was constructed using datasets that were not specialized towards any particular disease. To specifically investigate macrophage polarization in CRC, in this paper, we (a) perform a comprehensive analysis of the SMaRT signature on single-cell human and mouse colorectal cancer RNA-seq datasets and (b) adopt transfer learning to construct a “refined” SMaRT signature that specifically characterizes TAM polarization in the CRC tumor microenvironment. Towards validation of our refined gene signature, we use: (a) 5 RNA-seq datasets derived from single-cell human datasets; and (b) 5 large-cohort microarray datasets from humans. Furthermore, we propose the translational potential of our refined gene signature while investigating microsatellite stability and CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) in colorectal cancer. Overall, our refined gene signature and its extensive validation provide a path for its adoption in clinical practice in diagnosing colorectal cancer and associated attributes.Availability and ImplementationThe data, codes, and software packages used in our research are linked and shared publicly athttps://github.com/tirtharajdash/TAMs-CRC.
Data-driven signal analysis of sensory cortical processing using high-resolution fMRI across different studies
Authors: Plagwitz Lucas , Choi Sangcheon , Yu Xin , Segelcke Daniel , Pogatzki-Zahn Esther , Varghese Julian , Faber Cornelius , Pradier Bruno 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe analysis of large data sets within and across preclinical studies has always posed a particular challenge in terms of data volume and method heterogeneity between studies. Recent developments in machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) allow to address these challenges in complex macro- and microscopic data sets. Because of their complex data structure, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) measurements are perfectly suited to develop such ML/AI frameworks for data-driven analyses. These approaches have the potential to reveal patterns, including temporal kinetics, in blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) time series with a reduced workload. However, the typically poor signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and low temporal resolution of fMRI time series have so far hampered such advances. Therefore, we used line scanning fMRI measurements with high SNR and high spatio-temporal resolution obtained from three independent studies and two imaging centers with heterogeneous study protocols. Unbiased time series clustering techniques were applied for the analysis of somatosensory information processing during electrical paw and optogenetic stimulation. Depending on the similarity formulation, our workflow revealed multiple patterns in BOLD time series. It produced consistent outcomes across different studies and study protocols, demonstrating the generalizability of the data-driven method for cross-study analyzes. Further, we introduce a statistical analysis that is entirely based on cluster distribution. Using this method, we can reproduce previous findings including differences in temporal BOLD characteristics between two stimulation modalities. Our data-driven approach proves high sensitivity, robustness, reproducibility, and generalizability and further quickly provides highly detailed insight into characteristics of BOLD time series. Therefore, it holds great potential for further applications in fMRI data including whole-brain task and resting-state fMRI, which can support fMRI routines. Furthermore, the analytic framework can be used for datasets that have a time-dependent data structure to integrate study results and create robust and generalizable datasets, despite different study protocols.