bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implications of the Medication Regimen Complexity Index Score on Hospital Readmissions in Elderly Patients with Heart Failure: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Abdelbary Asmaa , Kaddoura Rasha , Balushi Sara Al , Ahmed Shiema , Galvez Richard , Ahmed Afif , Nashwan Abdulqadir J. , Alnaimi Shaikha , Hail Moza Al , Elbdri Salah 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The likelihood of elderly patients with heart failure (HF) being readmitted to the hospital is higher if they have a higher medication regimen complexity index (MRCI) compared to those with a lower MRCI. The objective of this study was to investigate whether there is a correlation between the MRCI score and the frequency of hospital readmissions (30-day, 90-day, and 1-year) among elderly patients with HF.
Methods
The study was a retrospective cohort study conducted at a single center, in which MRCI scores were computed utilizing a published tool for 30 patients with high MRCI scores and 30 patients with low MRCI scores.
Results
A total of 150 patients were included. The mean MRCI score for all patients was 33.43. Ninety percent of patients had a high score. There was no link between a high MCRI score and a high 30-day readmission rate (OR 1.02; 95% CI 0.99–1.05; p < 0.13). A high MCRI score was associated with an initial significant increase in the 90-day readmission rate (odd ratio, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.00-1.07; p < 0.022), but not after adjusting for independent factors (odd ratio, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.95–1.03; p < 0.487). There was no significant difference between high and low MRCI scores in their one-year readmission rate.
Conclusion
The study's results indicate that there is no correlation between a higher MRCI score and the rates of hospital readmission or mortality among elderly patients with HF. Therefore, it can be concluded that the medication regimen complexity index does not appear to be a significant predictor of hospital readmission or mortality in this population.
Analysis of Relationship between Tumor Markers and Tumors Detected by Chemiluminescence Immunoassay via Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Zhu Qinglan , Mao Zhenjun , Chen Guofei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The health of people is seriously threatened by the class of disorders known as tumors because of their high risk and high mortality. Early detection and treatment are the most efficient approaches to stop cancers and lower mortality, according to a substantial body of research and preventative data. Therefore, the search for early-diagnosis tumor indicators has taken center stage. The existence of tumors may be detected by a family of molecules known as tumor markers, which have a high sensitivity and specificity. Tumor markers are mainly used for diagnosing tumors, judging efficacy and evaluating prognosis. At present, the detection methods of tumor markers include enzyme-labeled immunoassay technology and chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) technology. In recent years, with the continuous development of in vitro diagnostic technologies, CLIA has the advantages of high sensitivity, wide detection range, simple operation, good repeatability and specificity, high degree of automation, and no radioactive staining of reagents. It has a good application prospect in clinical medical diagnosis. In this paper, the relationship between tumor markers and tumors is detected by CLIA, and then the tumor markers are analyzed by artificial neural network, and the classification and screening of cancer detection is completed. Finally completed the following work: 1) Introduced the research status of CLIA at home and abroad, and provided a theoretical basis for the analysis method proposed later. 2) The technical principle of ANN is introduced and the SAE neural network model is proposed. 3) Select the model evaluation index, and select the SAE parameters through experiments to construct the optimal SAE model. Input the sample data and then get the accuracy, recall and F1 score of the model. Compared with other models, it can be found that the SAE model proposed in this paper has the best detection performance.
Rehabilitation delivery models to foster healthy ageing – a scoping review
Authors: Seijas Vanessa , Roxanne Maritz , Fernandes Patricia , Benard Renaldo M , Lugo Luz Helena , Bickenbach Jerome , Sabariego Carla 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Rehabilitation is essential to foster healthy ageing. Older adults have unique rehabilitation needs due to a higher prevalence of non-communicable diseases, susceptibility to infectious diseases like COVID-19, injuries, and mental health conditions. However, there is a limited understanding of how rehabilitation is delivered to the ageing population. To address this gap, we conducted a scoping review to describe rehabilitation delivery models used to optimise the ageing population's functioning/functional ability and foster healthy ageing.
Methods: We searched Medline and Embase (January 2015 to May 2022) for primary studies published in English describing approaches to provide rehabilitation in people older than 50. Three authors screened records for eligibility and extracted data independently and in duplicate. Data synthesis included descriptive quantitative analysis of study and rehabilitation provision characteristics, and qualitative analysis to identify rehabilitation delivery models.
Results: Out of 6,933 identified records, 585 articles were assessed for eligibility, and 283 studies with 69,257 participants were included. We identified six rehabilitation delivery models: outpatient (24%), telerehabilitation (22%), home (18.5%), community (16.3%), inpatient (14.6%), and eldercare (4.7%). These models often involved multidisciplinary teams (31.5%) and follow integrated care principles (30.4%). Most studies used a disease-centred approach (59.0%), while studies addressing multimorbidity (6.0%) and prevalent health problems of ageing, such as pain, low hearing and vision, or incontinence were scarce. The most frequently provided interventions were therapeutic exercises (54.1%), self-management education (40.1%), and assessment of person-centred goals (40%). Other interventions, such as assistive technology (8.1%) and environmental adaptations (7.4%) were infrequent.
Conclusions: We provided a comprehensive overview of six delivery models used to provide rehabilitation to the ageing population and highlight research gaps that require further attention, including a lack of systematic assessment of functioning/functional ability, a predominance of disease-centred rehabilitation, and scarcity of programs addressing prevalent issues like pain, hearing/vision loss, fall prevention, incontinence, and sexual dysfunctions. Our research can facilitate evidence-based decision-making and inspire further research and innovation in rehabilitation and healthy ageing. Limitations of our study include reliance on published research to infer practice and not assessing model effectiveness. Future research in the field is needed to expand and validate our findings.
Doubly N-Confused and Ring-Contracted [24]Hexaphyrin Pd-Complexes: Stable Antiaromatic N-Confused Expanded Porphyrins
Authors: Luo Fuying , Liu Le , Wu Han , Xu Ling , Rao Yutao , Zhou Mingbo , Osuka Atsuhiro , Song Jianxin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Pd-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of 1,14-dibromotripyrrin produced doubly N-confused and ring-contracted (DNCRC) [24]hexaphyrin(1.1.0.1.1.0) mono- and bis-Pd-complexes as the first example of stable antiaromatic N-confused expanded porphyrins. These macrocycles show a paratropic ring currents, an ill-defined Soret band, a red-shifted weak absorption tail, and a small HOMO-LUMO gap. NBS bromination of the bis Pd-complex gave its mono- and dibromides regioselectively, which were effectively used to synthesize a DNCRC [24]hexaphyrin dimer and a NiII porphyrin-DNCRC [24]hexaphyrin-NiII porphyrin triad, respectively.
Catastrophic out-of-pocket payments for dental treatment: regional evidence from Spain
Authors: López-López Samuel , Pozo-Rubio Raúl del , Ortega-Ortega Marta , Escribano-Sotos Francisco 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background

To estimate the incidence and concentration of catastrophic out-of-pocket payments for healthcare and dental treatment, by region in Spain (calculated as the proportion of households needing to exceed a given threshold of their income to make these payments) in 2008, 2011 and 2015.

Material and methodology:

The data analysed were obtained from the Spanish Family Budget Survey reports for the years in question. The study method was that proposed by Wagstaff and van Doorslaer (2003), contrasting payments for dental treatment versus household income and considering thresholds of 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%, thus obtaining incidence rates. In addition, relevant sociodemographic variables were obtained for each household included in the study.

Results

With some regional heterogeneity, on average 4.75% of Spanish households spend more than 10% of their income on dental treatment, and 1.23% spend more than 40%. Thus, 38.67% of catastrophic out-of-pocket payments for dental services in Spain corresponds to payments at the 10% threshold. This value rises to 55.98% for a threshold of 40%.

Conclusions

An important proportion of catastrophic out-of-pocket payments for health care in Spain corresponds to dental treatment, a service that has very limited availability under the Spanish NHS. This finding highlights the need to formulate policies aimed at enhancing dental cover, in order to reduce health care inequalities.
JEL Classification: I110, I180
Impact of an adjacent surface on a rectangular overexpanded supersonic jet
Authors: Gojon Romain , Mihaescu Mihai 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Flow and acoustic fields of a rectangular over-expanded supersonic jet interacting with an adjacent parallel plate are investigated using compressible LES. The jet exits from a converging diverging rectangular nozzle of aspect ratio 2 with a design Mach number 1.5. Four distances (0 to 3 equivalent diameters) between the plate and the adjacent lip of the rectangular jet in the minor axis plane are studied. The geometry of the nozzle, the positions of the plate, and the exit conditions are identical to the ones of an experimental study. Snapshots and mean velocity fields are presented. Good agreement with the PIV experimental measurements is obtained. Previously, the corresponding free jet has been found to undergo a strong flapping motion in the minor axis plane due to screech. Here, it is shown that the intensity of the screech increases for certain distances from the plate and decreases for others,as compared to the corresponding free jet. Two points space-time cross correlations of the pressure along the jet's shear-layers show, in two cases, an amplification of the aeroacoustic feedback mechanism leading to screech noise in the jet shear-layer closer to the plate. This amplification is due to Mach waves impinging on the plate, and generating propagating waves back towards the jet, thus exciting the shear-layer at the screech frequency, around the tenth shock cell. Moreover, when the jet develops as a wall jet on the plate, the screech frequency and its associated flapping motion is canceled but a symmetrical oscillation of the jet at a lower frequency becomes dominant and radiates in the near acoustic field. This oscillation mode, as the ones associated with the screech tones for the other cases studied, can be explained by the use of a vortex sheet model of the ideally expanded equivalent jet.
LINCRNA01094 promotes the renal interstitial fibrosis via miR-513b-5p/MELK/Smad3 axis
Authors: Zhang Xingguang , Jia Binghan , Zhang Yanqi , Wu Haijie , Zhang Sen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common chronic disease that seriously threatens human life and health. Increasing evidence shows that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) were associated with cancer-related diseases and could function as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA). However, the roles and functions of the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network in CKD are still unclear. In this study, we performed differential expression analysis of lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs in CKD using the datasets GSE66494 and GSE80247 from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. A total of 33 lncRNAs, 20 miRNAs and 240 mRNAs were differentially expressed between CKD and healthy control. Two ceRNA interaction modules composed of 11 hub nodes including 2 lncRNAs (LINC01086, LINC01094), 2 miRNAs (hsa-miR-197-3p, hsa-miR-513b-5p) and 7 mRNAs (CENPF, TOP2A, ARHGAP11A, CEP55, MELK, DTL, ANLN) were constructed according to bioinformatics analysis protocols. In vitro, knockdown of LINC01094 expression in renal tubular epithelial HK2 cells can significantly reduce the phenotype of TGFβ1-induced cell fibrosis. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) experiment and Dual-luciferase reporter experiments based on mutant construction validated that LINC01094 could mediate MELK expression through sponging miR-513b-5p. Our observations indicate that lowering expression of LINC01094 can significantly reduce the TGFβ1-induced HK2 cell fibrosis phenotype and inhibit the progression of renal inflammation through miR-513b-5p/MELK/smad3 signaling pathway.
Infant growth and body composition from birth to 24-months: Are infants developing the same?
Authors: Norris Shane , Nyati Lukhanyo , Murphy-Alford Alexia , Lucas Nishani , Santos Ina , Costa Caroline Santos , Kuriyan Rebecca , Wickramasinghe Pujitha , Ariff Shabina , Jayasinghe Sisitha , Kurpad Anura , Ismail Leila Cheikh , Hills Andrew 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Given the importance of infancy for establishing growth trajectories, with later-life health consequences, we investigated longitudinal body composition among infants from six economically and ethnically diverse countries.
Methods
We recruited mother-infant dyads using the WHO Multicenter Growth Reference Study criteria. We measured fat-free mass (FFM) in 1176 (49% female) infants from birth to 6-mo-of-age (Australia, India, and South Africa; n = 468), 3 to 24-mo-of-age (Brazil, Pakistan, South Africa, and Sri Lanka; n = 925), and derived fat mass (FM), fat mass (FMI), and fat-free mass (FFMI) indices. Height-for-age (HAZ), weight-for-age (WAZ), and weight-for-length (WFLZ) z-scores were computed. Sex differences were assessed using a t-test, and country differences using a one-way analysis of variance. We further compared subsamples of children who tracked the median for HAZ (-0.25 > HAZ < + 0.25), and those who did not.
Results
HAZ tracked well between 0 and 6-mo, but less so between 3 and 24-mo. The stunting prevalence peaked at 10.3% for males and 7.8% for females, at 24-mo. By 24-mo, girls had greater FMI (10%) than boys. There were significant differences in FFM (South African and Sri Lankan males) and FM (South African females and Sri Lankan males) by 24-mo-of-age, between infants whose length tracked the WHO median and those that did not.
Conclusion
In a multi-country sample representing more ideal maternal conditions, body composition was heterogeneous, potentially due to ethnic, breastfeeding, and dietary-pattern differences. Tracking the median of the WHO standard reduced FFM heterogeneity but not FM, suggesting that other factors may influence adiposity.
Ensuring Generalized Fairness in Batch Classification
Authors: Pal Manjish , Pokhriyal Subham , Sikdar Sandipan , Ganguly Niloy 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the problem of batch classification and propose a novel framework for achieving fairness in such settings. The problem of batch classification involves selection of a set of individuals, often encountered in real-world scenarios such as job recruitment, college admissions etc. This is in contrast to a typical classification problem, where each candidate in the test set is considered separately and independently. In such scenarios, achieving the same acceptance rate (i.e., probability of the classifier assigning positive class) for each group (membership determined by the value of sensitive attributes such as gender, race etc.) is often not desirable, and the regulatory body specifies a different acceptance rate for each group. The existing fairness enhancing methods do not allow for such specifications and hence are unsuited for such scenarios. In this paper, we define a configuration model whereby the acceptance rate of each group can be regulated and further introduce a novel batch-wise fairness post-processing framework using the classifier confidence-scores. We deploy our framework across four real-world datasets and two popular notions of fairness, namely demographic parity and equalized odds. In addition to consistent performance improvements over the competing baselines, the proposed framework allows flexibility and significant speed-up. It can also seamlessly incorporate multiple overlapping sensitive attributes. To further demonstrate the generalizability of our framework, we deploy it to the problem of fair gerrymandering where it achieves a better fairness-accuracy trade off than the existing baseline method.
GP120 and tenofovir alafenamide alter cannabinoid receptor 1 expression in hippocampus of mice
Authors: Kulbe Jacqueline , Le Alexandra Anh , Mante Michael , Florio Jazmin , Laird Anna Eizabeth , Swinton Mary , Rissman Robert , Fields Jerel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction remains prevalent in people with HIV (PWH) despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). There is evidence that low-level HIV infection and ART drugs may contribute to CNS damage in the brain of PWH with suppressed viral loads. As cannabis is used at a higher rate in PWH compared to the general population, there is interest in understanding how HIV proteins and ART drugs interact with the endocannabinoid system (ECS) and inflammation in the CNS. Therefore, we investigated the effects of the HIV envelope protein gp120 and tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) on cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and IBA1 in the brain and behavior in mice. The gp120 transgenic (tg) mouse model was administered TAF daily for 30 days and then analyzed using the open field test before being euthanized, and their brains were analyzed for CB1R, GFAP, and IBA1 expression using immunohistochemical approaches. CB1R, expression levels were significantly increased in CA1, CA2/3, and dentate gyrus of gp120tg mice compared to wt littermates; TAF reversed these effects. As expected, TAF showed a medium effect of enhancing GFAP in the frontal cortex of gp120tg mice in the frontal cortex. TAF had minimal effect on IBA1 signal. TAF showed medium to large effects on fine movements, rearing, total activity, total distance, and lateral activity in the open-field test. These findings suggest that TAF may reverse gp120-induced effects on CB1R expression and, unlike tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), may not affect gliosis in the brain.
Model optimization of English intelligent translation based on Outlier detection and machine learning
Authors: Bian Yuzhu , Li Jiaxin , Zhao Yuge 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
With the actual demand of international communication, intelligent translation of English has become a key direction of artificial intelligence development in the current English field. For the existing English intelligent translation, how to deal with the massive data effectively is always a big problem. Therefore, it is necessary to use the principle of machine learning to optimize the English intelligent translation model. The purpose of this paper is to optimize the existing English intelligent translation model through spectral clustering to remove outliers, so as to make it more suitable for the use of massive data. Moreover, this paper uses deep learning methods to improve on the basis of the PoseNet network structure and adds regularization to the convolutional layer, which reduces the problem of gradient disappearance and reduces the computational complexity. In addition, this paper uses adaptive weighting to remove invalid model assumptions. In the conceptual space of the similarity matrix, the interior point is farther from the origin than the outlier point. The algorithm in this paper can detect and eliminate the outliers in a paragraph of English. At the same time, the normal English content will be classified into data categories, and the final translation result will be obtained. Through the experimental test, it can be seen that the model proposed in this paper has good performance and can cope with massive data, so it has certain superiority.
Targeted gene expression profiling predicts meningioma outcomes and radiotherapy responses
Authors: Raleigh David , Chen William , Choudhury Abrar , Youngblood Mark , Polley Mei-Yin , Lucas Calixto-Hope , Mirchia Kanish , Maas Sybren , Suwala Abigail , Won Minhee , Bayley James , Harmanci Akdes , Harmanci Arif , Klisch Tiemo , Nguyen Minh , Vasudevan Harish , McCortney Kathleen , Yu Theresa , Bhave Varun , Lam Tai-Chung , Pu Jenny , Leung Gilberto , Chang Jason , Perlow Haley , Palmer Joshua , Haberler Christine , Berghoff Anna , Preusser Matthias , Nicolaides Theodore , Mawrin Christian , Agnihotri Sameer , Resnick Adam , Rood Brian , Chew Jessica , Young Jacob , Boreta Lauren , Braunstein Steve , Schulte Jessica , Butowski Nicholas , Santagata Sandro , Spetzler David , Bush Nancy Ann Oberheim , Villanueva-Meyer Javier , Chandler James , Solomon David , Rogers C , Pugh Stephanie , Mehta Minesh , Sneed Penny , Berger Mitchel , Horbinski Craig , McDermott Michael , Perry Arie , Bi Wenya , Patel Akash , Sahm Felix , Magill Stephen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Surgery is the mainstay of treatment for meningioma, the most common primary intracranial tumor, but improvements in meningioma risk stratification are needed and current indications for postoperative radiotherapy are controversial. Recent studies have proposed prognostic meningioma classification systems using DNA methylation profiling, copy number variants, DNA sequencing, RNA sequencing, histology, or integrated models based on multiple combined features. Targeted gene expression profiling has generated robust biomarkers integrating multiple molecular features for other cancers, but is understudied for meningiomas.
Methods
Targeted gene expression profiling was performed on 173 meningiomas and an optimized gene expression biomarker (34 genes) and risk score (0 to 1) was developed to predict clinical outcomes. Clinical and analytical validation was performed on independent meningiomas from 12 institutions across 3 continents (N = 1856), including 103 meningiomas from a prospective clinical trial. Gene expression biomarker performance was compared to 9 other classification systems.
Results
The gene expression biomarker improved discrimination of postoperative meningioma outcomes compared to all other classification systems tested in the independent clinical validation cohort for local recurrence (5-year area under the curve [AUC] 0.81) and overall survival (5-year AUC 0.80). The increase in area under the curve compared to the current standard of care, World Health Organization 2021 grade, was 0.11 for local recurrence (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.07–0.17, P < 0.001). The gene expression biomarker identified meningiomas benefiting from postoperative radiotherapy (hazard ratio 0.54, 95% CI 0.37–0.78, P = 0.0001) and re-classified up to 52.0% meningiomas compared to conventional clinical criteria, suggesting postoperative management could be refined for 29.8% of patients.
Conclusions
A targeted gene expression biomarker improves discrimination of meningioma outcomes compared to recent classification systems and predicts postoperative radiotherapy responses.