bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tissue Cyclooxygenase-2 Activity in Juvenile Polyposis Syndrome versus Solitary Juvenile Polyps among Pediatric Patients
Authors: Saber Ahmed Mohamed Hamdy , Nada Ola Hassan , Abd-ElhamidNabhan Dina , Abou-Elhamd Riham Mohamed Sayed 
Published: August 2023

Background
Polyps are the most common benign lesions of the colon; they arise from the inner lining and usually protrude into the lumen of the large intestine. Amongst these, the juvenile polyps are the commonest of the pediatric population and may occur in juvenile polyposis syndrome (JPS) or most often sporadically. Yet to mention that the expression "juvenile" points to the type of polyp, rather than to the age of onset of these polyps.

Aim of the Work
We aimed to evaluate tissue cyclooxygenase-2 activity in juvenile polyposis syndrome versus solitary juvenile polyps among pediatric patients. In order to identify a possible role of COX-2 inhibitors in treatment and management of children with JPS.

Patients and Methods
The study enrolled 15 patients with juvenile polyposis syndrome as cases and 15 patients with solitary juvenile polyps as control. The collected polyps’ samples from routine endoscopic polypectomies intervention were proceeded for immunohistochemistry method on tissue microarray using Anti-COX-2 antibody to evaluate and compare its activity in polyps of JPS and SJP. Demographic, clinicopathological, and endoscopic data were obtained.

Results
Thirteen children with JPS were included in the study with mean age ±SD (7.2± 3.2) years and 7 (46.7%) patients were males, SJP control group included 13 children with mean age ±SD (5.8± 3.5) years, 9 (60%) male patients. Number of lower endoscopies and upper endoscopies was significantly higher in JPS group with P-value=0.009, 0.032 respectively. Intussusception was significantly higher in juvenile polyposis syndrome patients compared to control group with P-value=0.032. COX-2 expression was nonsignificantly different in cases group compared to control group patients with P-value= 0.464.

Conclusion
COX-2 expression is nonsignificantly higher in polyps of JPS patients in comparison to solitary juvenile polyp patients.
The Role of Collagen Triple-Helix Repeat-Containing 1 (CTHRC1) as a Diagnostic Biomarker for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Mousa Marlin Adel Sabe , Hamed El-Arousi Nadia , El-Chamy Hebattallah 
Published: August 2023

Background
Many patients are seronegative for anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) and rheumatoid factor (RF), and there is a need for novel serological biomarkers to help close this serological gap and improve early diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to determine whether plasma levels of the collagen triple helix repeat containing 1 (CTHRC1) protein can serve as a blood-based biomarker for improved diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.

Objective
Evaluate the levels of the collagen triple helix repeat containing-1 (CTHRC1) protein in RA patients' serum in order to detect its role as a diagnostic biomarker in Rheumatoid Arthritis patients & determine its value in assessment of disease activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis patients.

Methods
This study included twenty five adult patients with clinical evidence of rheumatoid arthritis and twenty five healthy matched age and sex as control subjects. All underwent history taking, clinical examination, assessment of disease activity with modified Disease Activity 28 (DAS28), Laboratory investigations including Complete blood count (CBC), erythrocytes sedimentation rate (ESR), C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Liver function tests, Kidney function tests, qualitative assessment of RF, anti CCP Ab and CTHRC1 serum levels. Special attention had been given to patients (nine out of twenty five patients) diagnosed in early disease process (1-2 months).

Results
Serum levels of CTHRC1 were significantly higher in patients than control group (p &gt; 0,001) with sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 88%. It showed significant positive correlation with Anti-CCP (r = 0.498) (p &lt; 0.011) and with RF (t= -6.489) (p &lt;&lt;0.001) as diagnostic markers for RA. Serum levels of CTHRC1 showed statistically significant difference between patients in early, late disease process and controls.

Conclusion
serum CTHRC1 level was higher in RA patients which serve as a diagnostic marker for RA with statistically significant correlation with early disease process highlighting its role as a diagnostic marker for RA.
Community Pharmacy Survey on Patient Safety Culture: A Pilot Study in Cairo
Authors: Al-Tehewy Mahi , Mohamed Samera , Ammar Nora 
Published: August 2023

Background
measuring perception of patient safety culture among pharmacists working in community pharmacies is critical to identify opportunities of improvement, and actions required to improve patient safety. The aim of this work is to measure patient safety culture among pharmacists working in community pharmacies.

Methods
a crosssectional study was performed among pharmacists working in community pharmacies in the center and south of Cairo. Pharmacy Survey on Patient Safety Culture (PSOPSC), developed by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), was used to collect data. PSOPSC is a self- administered questionnaire containing 36 items that measure 11 dimensions of patient safety culture.

Results
the study included 210 community pharmacies with 95% response rate. The mean age of pharmacists was 28 ± 5.4 years and males represent 55% of the sample. The overall positive response percent (PRP) ranged between 35% and 69% with a mean of 57.4%. The highest PRP was identified in the domains of “Teamwork” (68, 97%), “Organizational learning–continuous improvement” (64, 93%) and “Patient counseling” (61, 83%). The PRP was less than 60% in six out of the eleven composites. The lowest PRP was found in the “staffing, work pressure, and pace “domain which scored 34 (98%).

Conclusion
The average overall patient safety culture of community pharmacists highlights the need to put patient safety on the strategic priority at the level of community pharmacies. Attention should be given to the areas of weakness mainly in the dimension of “Staffing, Work Pressure and Pace”. It is recommended to allocate staffs and working hours more adequately and train the community pharmacists on the importance and principles of patient safety.
Applicability and Adherence to Essential Practices of WHO Safe Childbirth Checklist at Ain Shams Maternity Hospital (ASMH)
Authors: Al Tehewy Mahi M , Ghazal Sara M , Rami Ahmed R , Wahdan Maha M 
Published: August 2023

Background
It is vital to comply with evidence-based essential birth practices to improve both maternal and neonatal health. The WHO Safe Childbirth Checklist (SCC) is a facility-based reminder tool that focuses on necessary care to improve intrapartum care quality.

Objective
To measure applicability and adherence of healthcare providers to essential practices as required by WHO safe childbirth checklist (SCC) at Ain Shams Maternity Hospital (ASMH).

Methods
A Prospective study was conducted to observe and follow a sample of childbirths presented at Ain Shams Maternity Hospital (ASMH) through the 4 pause points [on admission, just before the woman starts pushing (or before caesarean section), within 1 hour after births and before discharge from the facility].

Results
A total of 221 childbirths were included and followed in the study, with mothers’ average age of (30+6) years and mean gestational age was (37±2) weeks. Only one WHO SCC practice (maternal referral) was not applicable in ASMH, however, the rest of the recommended practices were applicable with total adherence of 94.7%. Non adherent practices were encouraging companion to attend birth and length of stay after childbirth 24 hours.

Conclusion
ASMH was highly adherent to WHO SCC evidence-based practices; however, two practices were not adopted by the hospital policy.

Recommendation
It is recommended to review the hospital policies to allow birth companion to attend delivery and extend length of stay after vaginal delivery to 24 hours.
Role of Ultrasound and Dynamic Contrast MRI Study in Diagnosis of Soft Tissue Vascular Anomalies in Pediatric Age Group
Authors: Ahmed Amira Ismail , Eissa Hanan Mohamed , Awadallah Shrouk Mohamed 
Published: August 2023

Background
Vascular anomalies (VAs) represent a spectrum of disorders from a simple “birthmark” to life- threatening entities. Incorrect nomenclature and misdiagnoses are commonly experienced by patients with these anomalies. Accurate diagnosis is crucial for appropriate evaluation and management, often requiring multidisciplinary specialists.

Aim of the Work
The aim of this study is to emphasize the role of dynamic contrast MRI and ultrasound in evaluation of soft tissue vascular anomalies and subsequently in assigning the proper treatment.

Patients and Methods
All available cases of soft tissue vascular anomalies in the pediatric age group attending to the radiology department for a 6 months period were included in the study starting from February 2021.

Results
Our results showed that the US had a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 86.4% and accuracy of 84.0% in detection of hemangioma compared to MRI. The US had a sensitivity of 53.8 %, specificity of 91.7% and accuracy of 88% in detection of venous malformation compared to MRI. US had a sensitivity of 33.3 %, specificity of 95.5 % and accuracy of 88% in detection of Klippel trenaunay syndrome compared to MRI. While the US had a sensitivity of 33.3%, specificity of 90.9 % and accuracy of 84% in detection of lymphatic malformation compared to MRI. In the case of mixed low flow malformation US had sensitivity of 0%, specificity of 91.3% and accuracy of 84%.

Conclusion
The previously stated results denote that US has high sensitivity & specificity in diagnosis of vascular anomalies especially in hemangioma; thus when imaging is needed in diagnosis of vascular malformations US should be considered positively.
Contrast-Enhanced Mammography Versus Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI in the Evaluation of Sonomammographic BI-RADS 3 &4 Breast Lesions
Authors: Hussein Asmaa Magdy , EL-Shinnawy Maha Abdel Meguid , Moftah Sherine George , Nada Omnia Mokhtar , Hussein Rasha S 
Published: August 2023

Background
Breast cancer is a major health problem and a leading cause of death. Early detection of breast cancer aims to reduce morbidity and mortality rates. Mammography has been established as the imaging modality for screening and early detection of breast cancer; however, it has low sensitivity and specificity in women with dense breasts. Nowadays, MRI of the breast is used as a problem-solving tool.

Aim of the Work
To assess and compare the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced mammography and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in the evaluation of BI-RADS 3 and BIRADS 4 lesions detected in conventional imaging modalities (Mammography and US).

Patients and Methods
The study was conducted at Ain Shams University & National Cancer Institute (N.C.I). Thirty patients with no age predilection were enrolled in this study. The patients who presented with BI-RADS 3 and 4 lesions diagnosed by mammography and sonomammography were assessed by both contrast-enhanced digital mammography (CEDM) and dynamic contrast MRI (DC-MRI) mammography with the maximum dimensions of the lesion or lesions measured in both studies and correlation with histopathology was conducted.

Results
We found that the area under the curve of DC-MRI was of the highest value (AUC: 88.3%) followed by that of CEDM (AUC: 82.5%). Both were significantly superior to the area under the curve of sonomammography (AUC: 72.9%) and mammography (AUC: 67.1%).

Conclusion
CEDM and DC-MRI have higher diagnostic accuracy for the detection of intermediate breast lesions compared with mammography alone and with mammography interpreted in association with sonography. CEDM showed slightly lower sensitivity and accuracy compared to DC-MRI. However because of being relatively easier, available, cheap, and acceptable by women, CEDM be used as a problem-solving tool in the characterization of indeterminate breast lesions.
Maximum Standardized Uptake Value (SUV max) and Total Lesion Glycolysis Values (TLG) Measured in 18-Flourodeoxy Glucose (FDG) PET CT in Prediction of Histopathological Grading of Bronchogenic Carcinoma
Authors: Allam Khaled Essmat , Taha Noha Mohamed , Hasan Eman Mohamed 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Quantitative analysis of glucose consumption measured by maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and Total lesion glycolysis (TLG) in lung bronchogenic carcinoma is the first aim of this work to evaluate the correlation between SUV max, TLG and different histopathologic subtypes and grades of Bronchogenic carcinoma, also their correlation with TNM pathologic staging. Glucose consumption of primary tumor was quantified using SUVmax and TLG in 20 patients with histologically-confirmed bronchogenic carcinoma .Tumors were classified according to their histopathological reports into 4 different histological subtypes (Adenocarcinoma, Squamous cell, Small cell, Undifferentiated). Adenocarcinomas were grouped according to the histological tumor grade into : low grade (adenocarcinoma grade 1,2), and high grade (adenocarcinoma grade 3, 4). Tumors were grouped according to TNM pathological staging into 4 grades and their subtypes and correlated to SUVmax and TLG. Comparisons between SUVmax, TLG and histologic Types, Grades, stages were performed using the KruskalWallis test followed by a Dunn’s multiple comparison tests. The Mann Whitney-U test was used to assess differences when two groups were studied in Comparing High and Low grades.
According to Clinico-pathological characteristics of 20 patients with bronchogenic cancer, Association between SUVmax, TLG of the primary tumor and subtypes, stage showed that no significant difference between histological types regarding SUVmax and TLG (P value &gt; 0.05). Association between SUVmax, TLG and histopathological grades shows statistical significant difference between histological Grades regarding SUVmax and TLG (P value &lt; 0.05). Low SUVmax and TLG were associated with low-grade (grade 2) tumors, and higher with higher (3, 4 grades) grades. The sensitivity for SUV max is 100% and specificity is 85.7%.The sensitivity for TLG is 100% and specificity is 100% .
Gonadal Veins Embolization for the Management of Pelvic Varices in Females
Authors: Nassef Hana Hamdy , Hassan Mohamed Sobhi , Tantawy Salma Hassan , Abelmageed Hend Gamal Abdelglil 
Published: August 2023

Background
Solid evidence suggests that the treatment of choice for pelvic varicose veins is embolization. The embolization procedure is a simple technique with high success rates in all cases. Recently many series have been published over the past decade regarding the use of various embolic agents namely; coils, N2 Butyl Cyano Acrylate (Medical glue), sclerosing agents namely Polydecanol as well as combination of the previously mentioned agents with a technical success rate close to 100% and clinical success rate for symptoms control of more than 90%. Our study shows the technical and clinical success rates in Ain Shams University Hospitals with the use of all known embolic agents.

Patients and Methods
18 patients were included in a prospective cohort study, Foam used as embolic substance in 7 of the included patients, coils used in 2 of them, combined foam and coils used in 8 patients and combined foam and glue used in one patient, follow up done using the Visual analogue scale (VAS) and trans-vaginal ultra-sound (TVUS) 2 weeks and 6months after the embolization.

Results
Catherization and embolization were successful in all patients. No major complications were observed during the procedure. With significant decline of the preprocedure VAS from 8.67±1.33 to 1.67±0.59 post-procedure revealing significant improvement in the degree of pain (p value= -3.740), technical success rate was 100%, two weeks after embolization TVUS in all the patients showed complete thrombosis of uteroovarian varices, 6 months after embolization 4 patients showed recurrence of the findings with presence of recanalized pelvic varices, with a recurrence rate of 22%, in all the recurrent cases, the embolic substance used was foam, among 7 patients were embolized by foam, 4 of them experienced recurrence 6 months after the procedure, so the recurrence rate using foam only is 57%, with no recurrence in the patients that were embolized using coils, combined foam and coil, or combined foam and glue.

Conclusion
Gonadal veins embolization in the management of pelvic congestion syndrome is a safe and effective procedure with no significant difference between the different used embolic substances as regard the technical success rate and pain improvement, however the recurrence rate is higher with foam only compared to no recurrence rate using combined embolic substances or coils.
Role of 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT in Initial Staging of Prostate Cancer and Correlation with PSA and Gleason Score
Authors: Saad Jilan Hassan , Shalaby Menatallah Hatem , Taha Noha Mohamed 
Published: August 2023

Background
Prostate cancer is the second most common male malignancy. Its prognosis depends on the tumor stage as well as its aggressiveness; expressed histopathologically by Gleason scores. Furthermore, optimal patient management depends on the tumor stage. 68Ga PSMA PET/CT has a wide spectrum of uses in prostate malignancy, some of them are comprehensively studied while others are still under investigation. The most widely accepted use is the accurate initial staging of cancer prostate as well as predicting the long-term outcome, with SUVmax being a promising prognostic parameter correlating significantly with other established prognostic parameters, including the Gleason score and the PSA levels.

Objective
To evaluate the role of 68GA- PSMA PET/CT in initial staging of prostate cancer and correlate with PSA level and Gleason score.

Methods
A prospective descriptive study over the course of 6 months. It included patients with pathologically proven prostate cancer referred for a PSMA PET/CT scan for initial staging without any treatment or interventions.

Results
68Ga-PSMA PET/CT scans of 36 patients were evaluated for local staging (primary prostatic lesions, extra-prostatic spread, and seminal vesicle invasion), regional nodal staging, and metastatic spread (extra-regional lymph nodes, osseous lesions, and visceral lesions). PET/CT findings as well as the SUVmax of the most avid lesions were correlated with PSA level, Gleason scores, as well as Gleason grade risk groups. A statistically significant relationship was found between PSA level and SUVmax of prostatic lesion as well as that of the most avid metastatic regional lymph node, the presence of extra-regional lymph nodal spread, the presence of osseous metastatic lesions, the presence of seminal vesicle invasion, extra-prostatic extension, and the presence of PSMA-avid regional lymph nodal spread. On the other hand, a statistically significant relationship was found between Gleason scores and the presence of regional lymph nodal spread and osseous metastatic lesions. Lastly, a statistically significant relationship was found between Gleason grading risk groups and the presence of regional lymph nodal spread and osseous metastatic lesions.

Conclusion
68Ga-PSMA PET/CT is a powerful staging and stratifying tool for the majority of prostate cancer patients, being significantly correlated with PSA level and Gleason scores. However, patients with low PSA scores still pose a dilemma as they showed significantly low PSMA uptake, rendering the use of 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT for staging in such patients controversial. 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT based imaging findings should ideally be supported with histopathological documentation and/or follow-up imaging results in order to confirm the nature of detected lesions and help establish accurate sensitivity and specificity of 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT.
Pediatric Stroke: Clinico-Radiological Correlation
Authors: Mohamed Khaled Aboulfotouh Ahmed , Hassanein Sahar Mohamed Ahmed , Awadallah Shrouk Mohamed , Shaarawy Mahmoud Mohamed Abdel Fattah 
Published: August 2023

Background
Pediatric Stroke (PS) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide. The reported annual incidence of childhood stroke ranges from 2.3 to 13 per 100,000 children per year in developed countries.

Aim of the Work
The objective is to correlate between radiological findings and clinical Findings, provide practitioners with a guide for neuroimaging children with various stroke subtypes.

Patients and Methods
A cross sectional study was conducted at Ain Shams University Hospital, Radiodiagnosis department. The study period was 6 months, Patients with radiologically proven pediatric stroke using one or more of the following modality (CT, MRI or DSA). The type of study design was a cross sectional study. The study included all images fulfilling the study inclusion criteria in the period from January 2017 till May 2021. Clinical data and imaging findings of the included patients were retrospectively obtained from the picture archive and communication system (PACS, Synapse 5.7. 002. Fujifilm Medical System) of the radiology department, Ain Shams University Hospitals.

Results
The current study showed that eleven cases (64.6%) started neuro-imaging studies with CT brain & six cases (35.3%) started with MRI stroke protocol with MRV sequence. Diagnosis of stroke was missed in (36.4%) of cases which started with CT brain. Then, MRI stroke protocol was done for these cases in addition to MV sequence. Abbreviated MRI protocols have emerged as an alternative to standard MRI protocols. These abbreviated MRI protocols seek to reduce longer MRI protocols by eliminating unnecessary or redundant sequences that negatively affect cost, MRI table time, time of anesthesia list, image quality, and image interpretation time. Some institutions have developed shortened brain MRI protocols which include diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps, hemorrhage specific sequences such as susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) or gradient echo (GRE), and time-of-flight (TOF) MR-angiogram (MRA).

Conclusion
Pediatric stroke is relatively rare but can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Because incidence is much lower than the adult population and presentation is distinctly different, ongoing challenges exist in development of proven screening tools & diagnostic protocol.