bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Control effect of superhydrophobic grooves on flow-induced noise generated by flow around cylindrical shell at large Reynolds number
Authors: Niu Chen , Qin Qikai , Liu Yongwei , Shang Dejiang , Liu Wenbo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Flow-induced noise is an important factor affecting the quiet performance of underwater vehicles. Superhydrophobic surfaces are an emerging technology for underwater vehicles. In this study, a superhydrophobic surface is innovatively applied to the flow-induced noise control of underwater cylindrical shells. Alternating no-slip and no-shear surfaces are used to simulate the superhydrophobic surface with spanwise superhydrophobic grooves so that the flow regime and flow-induced noise of a no-slip cylinder are compared with the superhydrophobic cylinder under a high Reynolds number. The results show that the superhydrophobic surface can effectively delay flow separation and control the size of the wake shedding vortex. The flow-shedding vortices mainly affect the flow-induced noise in the lower frequency range, which is consistent with the vortex shedding frequency. The radiation characteristics of the flow-induced noise generated by the fluctuation pressure are mainly influenced by the eigenfrequency of the model in the range of 100 Hz–5000 Hz. Moreover, the superhydrophobic surface can effectively reduce the flow-induced noise and change its radiation directivity at both high and low frequencies by controlling vortex shedding and reducing the fluctuation pressure, respectively. The findings reported here shed new light on the flow-induced noise control of underwater vehicles.
Quantum dots luminescent compounds with multimodal luminescence for fuel labeling
Authors: Sagdeev Dmitriy O , Shamilov Radik R , Galyametdinov Yuriy G 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The article considers the possibility of labelling oil products using luminescent ‘fingerprints’ based on several types of quantum dots to protect fuel from falsification. For the synthesis of quantum dots, a scalable universal method was proposed using an available large-producible solvent and a stabilizer, oleic acid. Using the developed technique, quantum dots were obtained that luminescence in the entire visible range of the electromagnetic radiation spectrum. The formation of nanoparticles was confirmed by a set of instrumental research methods. The determination of the presence of quantum dots in the composition of an oil product was proposed using spectrofluorometry with no additional separation or dialization of nanoparticles from the sample. Using normal regular gasoline as an example, the effect of fuel on the luminescence of quantum dots and their aggregation was studied. The interaction of different types of quantum dots in the composition of the indicator and their influence on each other’s luminescence in solvent and gasoline were analyzed. The minimum detectable by the spectrofluorometric method concentrations of quantum dots in normal gasoline and the optimal proportions of quantum dots of various types in mixtures were determined.
Highly-rectified hybrid p-MAPbBr3/n-GaN heterojunction ultraviolet photodetector featuring high-photoresponse
Authors: Zhang Maolin , Ma Wanyu , Zhang Qiong , Bian Ang , Liu Zeng , Yang Lili , Li Shan , Guo Yufeng , Tang Weihua 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
GaN-based photodetectors have demonstrated promising performance and find wide applications in ultraviolet sensing. In recent times, perovskite materials have also attracted significant attention due to their intriguing photoelectrical properties. In this study, we constructed a heterojunction photodetector by combining MAPbBr3 and GaN, and examined its detection capabilities. We conducted measurements of the current–voltage and current–time characteristics of the device. Our results showcased superior detection metrics, including a rectification ratio of 2.57 × 106 and a photo-to-dark current ratio of 1.52 × 105. Meanwhile, a responsivity of 1.02 A W−1, a detectivity of 4.81 × 1013 Jones and an external quantum efficiency of 346.8% under −5 V bias were achieved. Responsivity, detectivity and external quantum efficiency are significantly improved in the forward condition at the expense of low photo-to-dark current ratio and high dark current. The self-driven characteristics, non-linear photocurrent, and the persistent photoconductive effect observed in the photodetector were also discussed. Additionally, we provided guidance for further enhancements of the hybrid perovskite/GaN ultraviolet photodetector.
Linearity improvement in graded channel AlGaN/GaN HEMTs for high-speed applications
Authors: Jena Devika , Das Sanghamitra , Baral Biswajit , Mohapatra Eleena , Dash Taraprasanna 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
AlGaN HEMTs are popular devices for high-frequency applications. At higher frequencies, nonlinearity effects are major concerns and need serious attention. In this work, we have attempted to improve the linearity performance of graded channel Al
x
Ga1−x
N/GaN HEMTs in comparison with abrupt channel GaN HEMTs through Technology Computer Aided (TCAD) simulation. In graded channel HEMTs, linearly grading of Al composition in the AlGaN layer, reduces the local carrier densities and provides improvement in the carrier saturation velocity. This provides an avenue to improve the overall linearity performance. A complete set of figures of merits (FOMs) such as

g

m
2

,

g

m
3

,

VIP

2

,

VIP

3

,

IIP

3

and

IMD

3

for both devices are presented. The simulation results have been calibrated with reported experimental results available in the literature. The graded devices are observed to have better transconductance (g

m
) and drain current for gate voltages greater than −2 V. The drop in g

m
is reduced by nearly 50% at the higher gate-to-source voltages. Moreover, the RF figure of merits such as the current gain cutoff frequency (f
T) and a maximum frequency of oscillation (f
max) have been calculated for both devices. Due to the graded channel f

T
increases by 20% and f
max becomes twice which makes it a better choice for high-voltage and high-power applications. The impact of interface trap and leakage current performance on the graded channel device are also reported. The cutoff frequency reduces by 25% with an increase in trap charge concentration from 9e17 cm−2 to 1e19 cm−2. Also, it has been found that the graded channel device shows better linearity and lower intermodulation distortion in comparison to the abrupt device which has been calculated from the linearity parameters. The high gate leakage current in the case of the graded channel device can be reduced by adding a thin GaN cap layer on the AlGaN channel which can be a future prospect of improving the performance of the graded GaN device.
Enhancing the fatigue strength of stir-casted Al7075-SiC composites through heat treatment and shot peening
Authors: Raghuvaran P , Suresh M , Narasimharaj V , Rajesh A 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
An attempt has been made in the present study to analyze the impact of shot peening on the fatigue strength of Al-SiC (8 wt%) composites. Composite samples prepared using stir casting method is machined to meet ASTM E466 standards, and a portion of them are subjected to T6 heat treatments. Shot peening is performed on various combinations of specimens, and fatigue tests are conducted and compared. The fatigue strength of Al7075 is 156.5 MPa and it increases to 165.8 MPa for heat-treated shot-peened Al-SiC composites. Design expert software is used for designing experiments in order to optimize process parameters and enhance the fatigue strength of the specimens. The fatigue strength of the specimens increased to 174 MPa when the test was repeated using optimized experimental parameters. The fatigue test results revealed that the heat-treated, cum shot-peened Al-SiC composite exhibited the highest performance compared to the other samples. Surface residual stress of the specimens is measured, and it is found that shot peening increases the compressive residual stress on the surface of the specimen. The surface roughness of the specimen increases with shot peening. Microstructural analysis is conducted on the specimens to determine the effect of shot peening on the surface of the composite specimens. The strengthening mechanisms of the composite samples are discussed using microstructural images.
An artificial intelligence–based pipeline for automated detection and localisation of epileptic sources from magnetoencephalography
Authors: Zheng Li , Liao Pan , Wu Xiuwen , Cao Miao , Cui Wei , Lu Lingxi , Xu Hui , Zhu Linlin , Lyu Bingjiang , Wang Xiongfei , Teng Pengfei , Wang Jing , Vogrin Simon , Plummer Chris , Luan Guoming , Gao Jia-Hong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a powerful non-invasive diagnostic modality for presurgical epilepsy evaluation. However, the clinical utility of MEG mapping for localising epileptic foci is limited by its low efficiency, high labour requirements, and considerable interoperator variability. To address these obstacles, we proposed a novel artificial intelligence–based automated magnetic source imaging (AMSI) pipeline for automated detection and localisation of epileptic sources from MEG data. Approach. To expedite the analysis of clinical MEG data from patients with epilepsy and reduce human bias, we developed an autolabelling method, a deep-learning model based on convolutional neural networks and a hierarchical clustering method based on a perceptual hash algorithm, to enable the coregistration of MEG and magnetic resonance imaging, the detection and clustering of epileptic activity, and the localisation of epileptic sources in a highly automated manner. We tested the capability of the AMSI pipeline by assessing MEG data from 48 epilepsy patients. Main results. The AMSI pipeline was able to rapidly detect interictal epileptiform discharges with 93.31% ± 3.87% precision based on a 35-patient dataset (with sevenfold patientwise cross-validation) and robustly rendered accurate localisation of epileptic activity with a lobar concordance of 87.18% against interictal and ictal stereo-electroencephalography findings in a 13-patient dataset. We also showed that the AMSI pipeline accomplishes the necessary processes and delivers objective results within a much shorter time frame (∼12 min) than traditional manual processes (∼4 h). Significance. The AMSI pipeline promises to facilitate increased utilisation of MEG data in the clinical analysis of patients with epilepsy.
Comparison of momentum transport in matched hydrogen and deuterium H-mode plasmas in ASDEX Upgrade
Authors: Zimmermann C.F.B. , McDermott R.M. , Angioni C. , Duval B.P. , Dux R. , Fable E. , Salmi A. , Stroth U. , Tala T. , Tardini G. , Pütterich T. ,   the ASDEX Upgrade Team
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Advanced momentum transport analysis is used to study matched hydrogen (H) and deuterium (D) plasmas in the core of ASDEX Upgrade. The aim is to validate gyrokinetic theory and assess a possible isotope dependence. The methodology extracts momentum diffusion, convection, and intrinsic torque as a function of time from experiments employing neutral beam injection (NBI) modulation. H and D plasma scenarios with comparable ion heat fluxes, NBI torque, electron densities, and several dimensionless parameters were designed to highlight any mass dependency. Linear gyrokinetic simulations predict that, for similar background gradients, the Prandtl and pinch numbers should be similar for H and D. This was confirmed by the experimental momentum transport analyses. The assessed intrinsic torques were found to be similar between H and D, co-current directed and located near the outermost region of the plasma core. The strength of the intrinsic torque is correlated with the amplitude of the plasma pressure gradient in the pedestal. Finally, a robust error analysis demonstrates the uniqueness of the parameters obtained together with their uncertainties. Neglecting the intrinsic torque, or its time dependence, systematically distorts the assessed momentum diffusion and convection. This is the first method to separate all three transport mechanisms from experimental data by retaining their time dependencies, that is found to match, quantitatively, the gyrokinetic predictions for Prandtl and pinch numbers, within experimental uncertainties.
Religion, Religiosity and Parenting Practices: An Examination of Jewish, Muslim, Christian and Druze Mothers in Israel
Authors: Eseed Rana , Zadok Iris , Khoury Mona 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The role of religiosity in shaping family functioning, in general, and parental discipline, in particular, have received wide research attention, especially in studies conducted amongst Christian parents from Western cultures. Little is known about the relationship between religiosity and parenting in non-Western cultures. The current study explored the role religion and religiosity play in predicting maternal use of psychological control and punitive discipline of mothers from Israel who belong to two ethnonational groups: Jews and Arabs, and who represent four religions: Jewish, Muslims, Christian and Druze. The study was based on a survey of 502 Israeli mothers of children aged three to five years (31.6 per cent Jewish, 36.0 per cent Muslims, 16.8 per cent Christians and 15.6 per cent Druze). Mothers were asked to fill out an online structured, anonymous self-report questionnaire survey distributed through social networks. We used multivariate hierarchal regression to explore the role of religion and religiosity in predicting mother’s use of punitive discipline and psychological control, after controlling for child and family factors. The results showed that religiosity was significantly and positively associated with mothers’ use of both psychological control and punitive discipline. Furthermore, it was found that Arab mothers reported using psychological control more than did Jewish mothers.
Mechanisms for Support: A Realist Evaluation of Peer Parental Advocacy in England
Authors: Fitz-Symonds Samantha , Evans Lilly , Tobis David , Westlake David , Diaz Clive 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
International research shows that although parents perceive the child protection system to be stigmatising and authoritarian, peer parental advocacy (PPA) programmes have a positive impact on improving complex relationships between parents and professionals. PPA programmes enable parents with lived experience of child protection processes to support other parents to navigate the system. As an emerging area of policy interest, research investigating the role of PPA in empowering parents to participate meaningfully in decision-making is crucial to developing collaborative approaches within child protection social work. This realist-informed study considered how a newly implemented PPA programme supported parents in two English Local Authorities. Our findings highlight the unique role peer advocates can play as a resource to influence decision-making, power relations and working relationships between professionals and parents. This article presents our final programme theory, which identifies four key mechanisms that support perceived effectiveness in PPA implementation: active engagement, effective communication, facilitating trust and adequate support for advocates. These findings highlight how PPA programmes in these Local Authorities were valued and begin to build a picture of how further advocacy programmes can be explored throughout the UK.
Relationship between default mode network and resting-state electroencephalographic alpha rhythms in cognitively unimpaired seniors and patients with dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Babiloni Claudio , Lopez Susanna , Noce Giuseppe , Ferri Raffaele , Panerai Simonetta , Catania Valentina , Soricelli Andrea , Salvatore Marco , Nobili Flavio , Arnaldi Dario , Famà Francesco , Massa Federico , Buttinelli Carla , Giubilei Franco , Stocchi Fabrizio , Vacca Laura , Marizzoni Moira , D'Antonio Fabrizia , Bruno Giuseppe , De Lena Carlo , Güntekin Bahar , Yıldırım Ebru , Hanoğlu Lutfu , Yener Görsev , Yerlikaya Deniz , Taylor John Paul , Schumacher Julia , McKeith Ian , Bonanni Laura , Pantano Patrizia , Piervincenzi Claudia , Petsas Nikolaos , Frisoni Giovanni B , Del Percio Claudio , Carducci Filippo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Here we tested the hypothesis of a relationship between the cortical default mode network (DMN) structural integrity and the resting-state electroencephalographic (rsEEG) rhythms in patients with Alzheimer’s disease with dementia (ADD). Clinical and instrumental datasets in 45 ADD patients and 40 normal elderly (Nold) persons originated from the PDWAVES Consortium (www.pdwaves.eu). Individual rsEEG delta, theta, alpha, and fixed beta and gamma bands were considered. Freeware platforms served to derive (1) the (gray matter) volume of the DMN, dorsal attention (DAN), and sensorimotor (SMN) cortical networks and (2) the rsEEG cortical eLORETA source activities. We found a significant positive association between the DMN gray matter volume, the rsEEG alpha source activity estimated in the posterior DMN nodes (parietal and posterior cingulate cortex), and the global cognitive status in the Nold and ADD participants. Compared with the Nold, the ADD group showed lower DMN gray matter, lower rsEEG alpha source activity in those nodes, and lower global cognitive status. This effect was not observed in the DAN and SMN. These results suggest that the DMN structural integrity and the rsEEG alpha source activities in the DMN posterior hubs may be related and predict the global cognitive status in ADD and Nold persons.
Joan Robinson’s historical time and the current state of post-Keynesian growth theory
Authors: Gallo Ettore , Setterfield Mark 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper discusses Joan Robinson’s remarks on the importance of historical time in economic analysis. On the one hand, Joan Robinson expressed skepticism with equilibrium analysis as such, arguing that as soon as economists take into account the uncertainty of expectations, history needs to replace equilibrium. On the other hand, Robinson stressed that, while building economic models, one must be aware that it is historical time rather than logical time that rules reality, warning against the methodological mistake of confusing comparisons of equilibrium positions with a movement between them. We argue that these criticisms point to the possibility of thinking in terms of two different ‘levels’ of historical time—a higher (fundamentalist) level, and a practical (and more analytically tractable) lower level. Using this distinction, we provide a taxonomy of existing strands of post-Keynesian growth theory that are consistent with the concept of low-level historical time. It is shown that despite appearances to the contrary, much post-Keynesian growth theory displays fidelity to Joan Robinson’s concern with the importance of historical time.
Schizophrenia Patients Discharged on Clozapine Plus Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics From a Public Psychiatric Hospital in Taiwan, 2006–2021
Authors: Lin Ta-Chun , Lin Ching-Hua 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Some schizophrenia patients treated with clozapine experience an inadequate response and adherence problems. The purpose of this study was to compare time to rehospitalization within 6 months in schizophrenia patients discharged on 3 clozapine regimens. Additionally, the temporal trend of prescription rate in each group was also explored.

Methods
Schizophrenia patients discharged from the study hospital from January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2021, (n = 3271) were included in the analysis. The type of clozapine prescribed at discharge was divided into 3 groups: clozapine plus long-acting injectable antipsychotics (clozapine + LAIs), clozapine plus other oral antipsychotics (clozapine + OAPs), and clozapine monotherapy. Survival analysis was used to compare time to rehospitalization within 6 months after discharge among the 3 groups. The temporal trend in the prescription rate of each group was analyzed using the Cochran-Armitage Trend test.

Results
Patients discharged on clozapine + LAIs had a significantly longer time to rehospitalization than those on clozapine + OAPs or clozapine monotherapy. The prescription rates of clozapine + LAIs and clozapine + OAPs significantly increased over time, whereas the prescription rates of clozapine monotherapy significantly decreased.

Conclusions
Compared with the clozapine + OAPs group, the clozapine + LAIs group had a lower risk of rehospitalization and a lower dose of clozapine prescribed. Therefore, if a second antipsychotic is required for patients who are taking clozapine alone, LAIs should be considered earlier.
Transition from Idealized Science to Culture of Skepticism in South Korea: Micro-Level Evidence for the Two-Culture Model of Public Understanding of Science
Authors: Kim Sei-Hill , Oh Sang-Hwa , Zain Ali , Heo Yujin , Jun Jungmi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Using data from a national survey in South Korea, this study offers micro-level evidence for the two-culture model of public understanding of science, which posits that a shift from an industrializing to a post-industrial society is accompanied by a transition from a culture of idealized science to a culture of skepticism. We investigate whether older South Koreans, who spent much of their lives during the intense industrialization of the country, hold more positive perceptions about science than younger generations, who grew up mostly in a post-industrial era. As predicted, older individuals perceived greater contributions of science, suggesting that they held more idealized perceptions of science than younger individuals. Perceived importance of economic development, scientific knowledge, ideology, uncertainty of scientific risks, and formal education mediated the link between age and perceived contributions of science, suggesting that these mediators may function as causal mechanisms that could explain why citizens in post-industrial societies tend to have more skeptical perceptions about science than those in industrializing countries.
Cofinal Elements and Fractional Dehn Twist Coefficients
Authors: Clay Adam , Ghaswala Tyrone 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We show that for a surface $S$ with positive genus and one boundary component, the mapping class of a Dehn twist along a curve parallel to the boundary is cofinal in every left ordering of the mapping class group $\operatorname{Mod}(S)$. We apply this result to show that one of the usual definitions of the fractional Dehn twist coefficient—via translation numbers of a particular action of $\operatorname{Mod}(S)$ on $\mathbb{R}$—is in fact independent of the underlying action when $S$ has genus larger than one. As an algebraic counterpart to this, we provide a formula that recovers the fractional Dehn twist coefficient of a homeomorphism of $S$ from an arbitrary left ordering of $\operatorname{Mod}(S)$.