bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genomic description of human clinicalAspergillus fumigatusisolates, California, 2020
Authors: Misas Elizabeth , Deng John Z , Gold Jeremy A W , Gade Lalitha , Nunnally Natalie S , Georgacopoulos Ourania , Bentz Meghan , Berkow Elizabeth L , Litvintseva Anastasia P , Chiller Tom M , Klausner Jeffrey D , Chow Nancy A 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAspergillus fumigatus, an environmental mold, causes life-threatening infections. Studies on the phylogenetic structure of human clinical A. fumigatus isolates are limited. Here, we performed whole genome sequencing of 24 A. fumigatus isolates collected from 18 patients in U.S. healthcare facilities in California. Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) differences between patient isolates ranged from 187 to 70 829 SNPs. For five patients with multiple isolates, we calculated the within-host diversities. Three patients had a within-host diversity that ranged from 4 to 10 SNPs and two patients ranged from 2 to 16 977 SNPs. Findings revealed highly diverse A. fumigatus strains among patients and two patterns of diversity for isolates that come from the same patient, low and extremely high diversity.
Spiral structure and massive star formation in the hub-filament-system G326.27-0.49
Authors: Mookerjea Bhaswati , Veena V S , Güsten Rolf , Wyrowski F , Lasrado Akhil 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
Hub-filament systems (HFSs) are potential sites of formation of star clusters and high mass stars. To understand the HFSs and to provide observational constraints on current theories that attempt to explain star formation globally, we report a study of the region associated with G326.27-0.49 using infrared data of dust continuum and newly obtained observations on molecular tracers using the APEX (Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment) telescope. We use the spectroscopic observations to identify velocity-coherent structures (filaments and clumps) and study their properties at a resolution of 0.4 pc. The region contains two main velocity components: first component shows four filaments between −63 and −55 km s−1 forming a spiral structure converging in a hub, the second filamentary component at ∼−72 km s−1 harbours a massive young stellar object (YSO) and possibly interacts with the hub. The clumps harbouring the three main YSOs in the region are massive (187–535 M⊙), have luminosities consistent with B-type stars, have central densities of ∼106 cm−3, and drive large outflows. Majority of the velocity-coherent clumps in the region shows virial parameters between 2 and 7, which considering the detection of protostars implies collapse to be gradual. We conclude that the region consists of a network of filaments through which mass accretes (∼10−4 M⊙ yr−1) onto the hub. The hub and some of the ends of filaments appear to be undergoing collapse to form new stars. This study identifies a target region for future high-resolution studies that would probe the link between the core and filament evolution.
The complex multiscale structure in simulated and observed emission maps of the proto-cluster cloud G0.253+0.016 (‘the Brick’)
Authors: Petkova Maya A , Kruijssen J M Diederik , Kluge A Louise , Glover Simon C O , Walker Daniel L , Longmore Steven N , Henshaw Jonathan D , Reissl Stefan , Dale James E 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
The Central Molecular Zone (the central ∼500 pc of the Milky Way) hosts molecular clouds in an extreme environment of strong shear, high gas pressure and density, and complex chemistry. G0.253+0.016, also known as ‘the Brick’, is the densest, most compact, and quiescent of these clouds. High-resolution observations with the Atacama Large Millimetre/submillimetre Array (ALMA) have revealed its complex, hierarchical structure. In this paper we compare the properties of recent hydrodynamical simulations of the Brick to those of the ALMA observations. To facilitate the comparison, we post-process the simulations and create synthetic ALMA maps of molecular line emission from eight molecules. We correlate the line emission maps to each other and to the mass column density and find that HNCO is the best mass tracer of the eight emission lines within the simulations. Additionally, we characterize the spatial structure of the observed and simulated cloud using the density probability distribution function (PDF), spatial power spectrum, fractal dimension, and moments of inertia. While we find good agreement between the observed and simulated data in terms of power spectra and fractal dimensions, there are key differences in the density PDFs and moments of inertia, which we attribute to the omission of magnetic fields in the simulations. This demonstrates that the presence of the Galactic potential can reproduce many cloud properties, but additional physical processes are needed to fully explain the gas structure.
Centrifugal barriers in magnetospheric accretion
Authors: Lyutikov Maxim 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
We reconsider the dynamics of accretion flows onto magnetized central star. For dipolar magnetically aligned case, the centrifugal barrier is at Rcb = (2/3)1/3Rc = 0.87Rc, where Rc = (GM/Ω2)1/3 is the corotation radius. For oblique dipole direct accretion from the corotation radius Rc is possible only for magnetic obliquity satisfying $\tan \theta _\mu \ge 1/(2 \sqrt{3})$ (θμ ≥ 16.1°). The accretion proceeds in a form of funnel flows – along two streams centred on the μ–Ω plane, with azimuthal opening angle $\cos (\Delta \phi) = { \cot ^ 2 {\theta _\mu } }/{12}$. For the magnetosphere distorted by the diamagnetic disc, the centrifugal barrier can be at as small radius as Rcb = 0.719Rc for the fully confined dipole, extending out to Rcb ∼ Rc for the magnetically balanced case. Type-II X-ray bursts in accreting neutron stars may be mediated by the centrifugal barrier; this requires nearly aligned configuration. Centrifugally barriered material trapped in the magnetosphere may lead to periodic obscuration (‘dips’) in the light curve of the host star, e.g. as observed in accreting young stellar objects and X-ray binaries.
Identifying Zeeman pairs of hydroxyl masers in NGC 6334I-MM3 via velocity drift
Authors: MacLeod G C , Smits D P , Hunter T R , Brogan C , Chibueze J O , van den Heever S P 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTA new tool to identify possible Zeeman pairs is presented here: the right circularly polarized (RCP) and left circularly polarized (LCP) components of a pair with velocity drift at the same rate. Long-term monitoring of hydroxyl transitions towards NGC 6334I-MM3 has resulted in the identification of three possible Zeeman pairs, one each at the 1.667, 6.030, and 6.035 GHz transitions, where the rate of drift of the RCP feature equals that of the LCP component. Historical observations suggest that their drift has been occurring over 40 yr. A fourth pair in the 1.720 GHz OH transition may indicate magnetic field variation over 50 yr.
The quasi-adiabatic relaxation of haloes in the IllustrisTNG and EAGLE cosmological simulations
Authors: Velmani Premvijay , Paranjape Aseem 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe dark matter content of a gravitationally bound halo is known to be affected by the galaxy and gas it hosts. We characterize this response for haloes spanning over four orders of magnitude in mass in the hydrodynamical simulation suites IllustrisTNG and EAGLE. We present simple fitting functions in the spherically averaged quasi-adiabatic relaxation framework that accurately capture the dark matter response over the full range of halo mass and halo-centric distance we explore. We show that commonly employed schemes, which consider the relative change in radius rf/ri − 1 of a spherical dark matter shell to be a function of only the relative change in its mass Mi/Mf − 1, do not accurately describe the measured response of most haloes in IllustrisTNG and EAGLE. Rather, rf/ri additionally explicitly depends upon halo-centric distance rf/Rvir for haloes with virial radius Rvir, being very similar between IllustrisTNG and EAGLE and across halo mass. We also account for a previously unmodelled effect, likely driven by feedback-related outflows, in which shells having rf/ri ≃ 1 (i.e. no relaxation) have Mi/Mf significantly different from unity. Our results are immediately applicable to a number of semi-analytical tools for modelling galactic and large-scale structure. We also study the dependence of this response on several halo and galaxy properties beyond total mass, finding that it is primarily related to halo concentration and star formation rate. We discuss possible extensions of these results to build a deeper physical understanding of the small-scale connection between dark matter and baryons.
The extent of intergalactic metal enrichment from galactic winds during the Cosmic Dawn
Authors: Yamaguchi Natsuko , Furlanetto Steven R , Trapp A C 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
One of the key processes driving galaxy evolution during the Cosmic Dawn is supernova feedback. This likely helps regulate star formation inside of galaxies, but it can also drive winds that influence the large-scale intergalactic medium. Here, we present a simple semi-analytic model of supernova-driven galactic winds and explore the contributions of different phases of galaxy evolution to cosmic metal enrichment in the high-redshift (z ≳ 6) Universe. We show that models calibrated to the observed galaxy luminosity function at z ∼ 6–8 have filling factors $\sim 1{{\%}}$ at z ∼ 6 and $\sim 0.1{{\%}}$ at z ∼ 12, with different star formation prescriptions providing about an order of magnitude uncertainty. Despite the small fraction of space filled by winds, these scenarios predict an upper limit to the abundance of metal-line absorbers in quasar spectra at $z \gtrsim 5$ which is comfortably above that currently observed. We also consider enrichment through winds driven by Pop III star formation in minihalos. We find that these can dominate the total filling factor at $z \gtrsim 10$ and even compete with winds from normal galaxies at z ∼ 6, at least in terms of the total enriched volume. But these regions have much lower overall metallicities, because each one is generated by a small burst of star formation. Finally, we show that Compton cooling of these supernova-driven winds at $z \gtrsim 6$ has only a small effect on the cosmic microwave background.
SALT2 versus SALT3: updated model surfaces and their impacts on type Ia supernova cosmology
Authors: Taylor G , Jones D O , Popovic B , Vincenzi M , Kessler R , Scolnic D , Dai M , Kenworthy W D , Pierel J D R 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
For the past decade, SALT2 has been the most common model used to fit Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) light curves for dark energy analyses. Recently, the SALT3 model was released, which upgraded a number of model features but has not yet been used for measurements of dark energy. Here, we evaluate the impact of switching from SALT2 to SALT3 for a SN cosmology analysis. We train SALT2 and SALT3 on an identical training sample of 1083 well-calibrated Type Ia supernovae, ensuring that any differences found come from the underlying model framework. We publicly release the results of this training (the SALT ‘surfaces’). We then run a cosmology analysis on the public Dark Energy Survey 3-Yr Supernova data sample (DES-SN3YR), and on realistic simulations of those data. We provide the first estimate of the SN + CMB systematic uncertainty arising from the choice of SALT model framework (i.e. SALT2 versus SALT3), Δw = + 0.001 ± 0.005 – a negligible effect at the current level of dark energy analyses. We also find that the updated surfaces are less sensitive to photometric calibration uncertainties than previous SALT2 surfaces, with the average spectral energy density dispersion reduced by a factor of two over optical wavelengths. This offers an opportunity to reduce the contribution of calibration errors to SN cosmology uncertainty budgets.
Spatial and orbital planes of the Milky Way satellites: unusual but consistent with ΛCDM
Authors: Pham Khanh , Kravtsov Andrey , Manwadkar Viraj 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
We examine the spatial distribution and orbital pole correlations of satellites in a suite of zoom-in high-resolution dissipationless simulations of Milky Way (MW)-sized haloes. We use the measured distribution to estimate the incidence of satellite configurations as flattened and as correlated in their orbital pole distribution as the satellite system of the MW. We confirm that this incidence is sensitive to the radial distribution of subhaloes and thereby to the processes that affect it, such as artificial disruption due to numerical effects and disruption due to the central disc. Controlling for the resolution effects and bracketing the effects of the disc, we find that the MW satellite system is somewhat unusual (at the ≈2–3σ level) but is statistically consistent with the Lambda cold dark matter model, in general agreement with results and conclusions of other recent studies.
Reactive arthritis after Gam-COVID-Vac vaccination: A case report
Authors: Shokraee Kamyar , Rezaei Somaye Sadat , Shahriarian Shahriar , Masoumi Maryam , Parsaei Amirhossein , Amini Behnam 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
Although the safety and efficacy of vaccinations have been evaluated through clinical trials, medical experts and authorities are very interested in the reporting and investigation of adverse events following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunisation in the general public. This article reports about a 41-year-old man without a history of underlying diseases, complaining of continuous morning stiffness and acute discomfort in his left elbow joint, 20 days after taking the first dosage of Sputnik V. The case was extensively studied, and a possible diagnosis of reactive arthritis was made.
A severe cerebral infarction associated with giant cell arteritis, which developed during tocilizumab therapy and was successfully treated with intravenous cyclophosphamide
Authors: Suzuki Koji , Akiyama Mitsuhiro , Ishigaki Sho , Kondo Yasushi , Saito Shuntaro , Kikuchi Jun , Hanaoka Hironari , Kaneko Yuko 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a large vessel vasculitis that primarily involves aorta and its major branches. Cerebral infarction is a serious complication that can occur secondary to GCA in up to 3% of patients with a mortality rate of over 50%. Due to the rarity of this severe complication, no therapeutic strategies are currently available. Furthermore, despite the recent progress in molecular-targeted therapy for GCA, it remains unknown whether tocilizumab is effective for severe ischemic complications such as cerebral infarction. The accumulation of individual cases in which this fatal complication could be treated is apparently required to build a better management of the disease. We present our case of GCA that developed severe cerebral infarction during high-dose glucocorticoid and tocilizumab therapy, and its symptoms and image findings were improved by switching to intravenous cyclophosphamide. Our case suggests that an intensive immunosuppressive therapy, including cyclophosphamide, may be necessary to stabilise this fatal complication of GCA.
The structural mechanism for transcription activation byCaulobacter crescentusGcrA
Authors: Wu Xiaoxian , Yu Chengzhi , Mu Wenhui , Gu Zhanxi , Feng Yu , Zhang Yu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCanonical bacterial transcription activators bind to their cognate cis elements at the upstream of transcription start site (TSS) in a form of dimer. Caulobacter crescentus GcrA, a non-canonical transcription activator, can activate transcription from promoters harboring its cis element at the upstream or downstream of TSS in a form of monomer. We determined two cryo-EM structures of C. crescentus GcrA-bound transcription activation complexes, GcrA TACU and GcrA TACD, which comprise GcrA, RNAP, σ70 and promoter DNA with GcrA cis elements at either the upstream or downstream of TSS at 3.6 and 3.8 Å, respectively. In the GcrA-TACU structure, GcrA makes bipartite interactions with both σ70 domain 2 (σ702) and its cis element, while in the GcrA-TACD structure, GcrA retains interaction with σ702 but loses the interaction with its cis element. Our results suggest that GcrA likely forms a functionally specialized GcrA-RNAP-σA holoenzyme, in which GcrA first locates its cis element and then facilitates RNAP to load on core promoter at its proximal region. The sequence-specific interaction of GcrA and DNA is disrupted either at the stage of RPo formation or promoter escape depending on the location of GcrA cis elements relative to TSS.
BBX24 Interacts with JAZ3 to Promote Growth by Reducing DELLA Activity in Shade Avoidance
Authors: Saura-Sánchez Maite , Chiriotto Tai Sabrina , Cascales Jimena , Gómez-Ocampo Gabriel , Hernández-García Jorge , Li Zheng , Pruneda-Paz José Luis , Blázquez Miguel Angel , Botto Javier Francisco 
Published: January 2023

AbstractShade avoidance syndrome (SAS) is a strategy of major adaptive significance and typically includes elongation of the stem and petiole, leaf hyponasty, reduced branching and phototropic orientation of the plant shoot toward canopy gaps. Both cryptochrome 1 and phytochrome B (phyB) are the major photoreceptors that sense the reduction in the blue light fluence rate and the low red:far-red ratio, respectively, and both light signals are associated with plant density and the resource reallocation when SAS responses are triggered. The B-box (BBX)-containing zinc finger transcription factor BBX24 has been implicated in the SAS as a regulator of DELLA activity, but this interaction does not explain all the observed BBX24-dependent regulation in shade light. Here, through a combination of transcriptional meta-analysis and large-scale identification of BBX24-interacting transcription factors, we found that JAZ3, a jasmonic acid signaling component, is a direct target of BBX24. Furthermore, we demonstrated that joint loss of BBX24 and JAZ3 function causes insensitivity to DELLA accumulation, and the defective shade-induced elongation in this mutant is rescued by loss of DELLA or phyB function. Therefore, we propose that JAZ3 is part of the regulatory network that controls the plant growth in response to shade, through a mechanism in which BBX24 and JAZ3 jointly regulate DELLA activity. Our results provide new insights into the participation of BBX24 and JA signaling in the hypocotyl shade avoidance response in Arabidopsis.
Elicitor-induced plant immunity relies on amino acids accumulation to delay the onset of bacterial virulence
Authors: Zhang Xiaomu , Tubergen Philip J , Agorsor Israel D K , Khadka Pramod , Tembe Connor , Denbow Cynthia , Collakova Eva , Pilot Guillaume , Danna Cristian H 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Plant immunity relies on the perception of microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) from invading microbes to induce defense responses that suppress attempted infections. It has been proposed that MAMP-triggered immunity (MTI) suppresses bacterial infections by suppressing the onset of bacterial virulence. However, the mechanisms by which plants exert this action are poorly understood. Here, we showed that MAMP perception in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) induces the accumulation of free amino acids in a salicylic acid (SA)-dependent manner. When co-infiltrated with Glutamine and Serine, two of the MAMP-induced highly accumulating amino acids, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 expressed low levels of virulence genes and failed to produce robust infections in otherwise susceptible plants. When applied exogenously, Glutamine and Serine directly suppressed bacterial virulence and growth, bypassing MAMP perception and SA signaling. In addition, an increased level of endogenous Glutamine in the leaf apoplast of a gain-of-function mutant of Glutamine Dumper-1 rescued the partially compromised bacterial virulence- and growth-suppressing phenotype of the SA-induced deficient-2 (sid2) mutant. Our data suggest that MTI suppresses bacterial infections by delaying the onset of virulence with an excess of amino acids at the early stages of infection.
Medicare Advantage Patterns of Poststroke Discharge to an Inpatient Rehabilitation or Skilled Nursing Facility: A Consideration of Demographic, Functional, and Payer Factors
Authors: Hayes Heather A , Mor Vincent , Wei Guo , Presson Angela , McDonough Christine 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this study was to determine the factors influencing the discharge to an inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF) or a skilled nursing facility (SNF) of people poststroke with Medicare Advantage plans.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted with data from naviHealth, a company that manages postacute care discharge placement on behalf of Medicare Advantage organizations. The dependent variable was discharge destination (IRF or SNF). Variables included age, sex, prior living setting, functional status (Activity Measure for Post-Acute Care [AM-PAC]), acute hospital length of stay, comorbidities, and payers (health plans). Analysis estimated relative risk (RR) of discharge to SNF, while controlling for regional variation.

Results
Individuals discharged to an SNF were older (RR = 1.17), women (RR = 1.05), lived at home alone or in assisted living (RR = 1.13 and 1.39, respectively), had comorbidities impacting their function “some” or “severely” (RR = 1.43 and 1.81, respectively), and had a length of stay greater than 5 days (RR = 1.16). Individuals with better AM-PAC Basic Mobility (RR = 0.95) went to an IRF, and individuals with better Daily Activity (RR = 1.01) scores went to an SNF. There was a substantial, significant variation in discharge of individuals to SNF by payer group (RR range = 1.12–1.92).

Conclusions
The results of this study show that individuals poststroke are more likely to be discharged to an SNF than to an IRF. This study did not find a different discharge decision-making picture for those with Medicare Advantage plans than previously described for other insurance programs.

Impact
Medicare Advantage payers have varied patterns in discharge placement to an IRF or SNF for patients poststroke.
SEDIMENT RADIOACTIVITY LEVELS DETERMINATION WITH THE HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENTS IN CHEFA RIVER BASIN
Authors: Abate Tadesse , Eshete Sitotaw 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe activities of the naturally occurring radionuclides 232Th, 226Ra, 40K and 238U of the shore sediments in the South Gondar Zone were determined and used to evaluate radiation hazards in the study spots. The activities of 232Th, 226Ra, 40K and 238U range from 46 to 179, 62 to 140, 125 to 449 and 72–156 Bq/kg, with the overall average of 123.07 ± 7.90, 105.34 ± 4.27, 371.38 ± 13.53 and 115.52 ± 4.62 Bq/kg, respectively. These were analogous to concentrations of other states in worldwide. We recommend to all the concerned bodies about the environment that the farmers require use the necessary radiation protection method before deploying them for farming (irrigation) activities and preparing for construction. Therefore, accommodating a permanent protection method by talking to the concerning bodies (e.g. Ministry of Agriculture and Ministry of Health) should be taken.