bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping of Sargassum meadow for estimation biomass by side scan sonar
Authors: Okawa Hajime , Hayashizaki Ken-ichi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Sargassum meadows play important roles in coastal ecosystems, CO2 fixing, and others. Estimation of their biomass helps conservation of meadows and estimation of the amount of fixed CO2 for blue carbon projects. Most sonars are inefficient in shallow waters because their swaths are limited by water depth. Side scan sonar (SSS) creates a detailed image of the bottom efficiently, even in shallow waters transmitting wide beams. We towed SSS from the ship’s side and scanned the meadow of Sargassum horneri at a small beach in Otsuchi Bay on the Sanriku Coast of Japan during the growing season of 2022. For the truthing, we surveyed with the underwater camera and Single beam echo sounder (SBES) to compare with SSS data. SSS scanned the sea floor of the beach to detect seaweed echoes. The beach consists of a sandy area and a rocky shore. The seaweeds were discriminated from the sand and rocks by their acoustic shadows, and we pinpointed their locations, although the background reflectance strength and pattern were different between the two areas. To estimate the canopy heights, we measured the acoustic shadow lengths of the seaweeds. However, the shadows of the seaweeds, which are located very near to the sonar, are too short to measure. Therefore, we developed a new method to measure their heights from acoustic reflections instead. Our study demonstrated the effectiveness of side scan sonar for mapping Sargassum meadows in shallow waters and estimating their canopy heights with a novel method, which leads to precise biomass estimation.
IL-17 mildly rescued the impaired cell proliferation of HPAEpiCs induced by LCN2 overexpression
Authors: Lv Tingting , Wang Jingxiang , Hou Ziliang , Yang Kaiyuan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The impaired proliferative capacity of alveolar epithelial cells after injury is often an important factor causing epithelial repair dysfunction, leading to the occurrence of lung diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) participates in multiple processes regulating the pathological process of alveolar epithelial cells, but the mechanisms involved are still unclear. We used bleomycin (BLM)-treated mouse model to characterize the expression of LCN2 in the lung fibrosis regions and analyzed the location of LCN2 in alveolar epithelial cells. LCN2 was increased in the alveolar epithelium post-BLM injury, and highly expressed LCN2 was mainly concentrated on alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells in BLM-injured lungs. Moreover, human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells (HPAEpiCs) were transfected with the LCN2 overexpression plasmid vector in vitro, LCN2-overexpressing HPAEpiCs showed impaired cell viability and cell growth. Recombinant human interleukin 17 (IL-17) protein (rhIL-17) at different concentrations was administered to intervene HPAEpiCs and observe cell viability and cell growth state and to analyze the concentration-dependent effect of IL-17. HPAEpiC intervention with rhIL-17 mildly rescued the impaired cell proliferation induced by LCN2 overexpression, and the effect of IL-17 intervention was partially concentration dependent. The target cells regulated by this process were Pro-surfactant protein C (Prospc) positive alveolar epithelial cells. The results revealed the reversed effect of IL-17 on the impaired proliferative capacity of the alveolar epithelium induced by LCN2 overexpression, providing new clues for the treatment of lung injury diseases.
In vitro and Molecular Docking Analysis of Quercetin as an Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant
Authors: Bastin Alireza , Teimouri Maryam , Faramarz Sanaz , Shabani Maryam , Doustimotlagh Amir Hossein , Sadeghi Asie 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:Quercetin (3,3′,4′,5,7-pentahydroxyflavone) is a dietary flavonoid with good antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study aims to determine these effects in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) evoked by lipopolysaccharides (LPS).Aims:The present study aims to determine these effects in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) evoked by lipopolysaccharides (LPS).Methods:The mRNA expression and protein secretion of inflammatory mediators were evaluated by enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively. Western blotting was utilized for assessing p65-NF-κB phosphorylation. Ransod kits evaluated the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the cell lysates. Ultimately, the molecular docking approach was performed to investigate the biological activity of Quercetin against NF-κB pathway proteins and antioxidant enzymes.Results:The findings revealed that quercetin significantly attenuated the expression and secretion of inflammatory mediators and p65-NF-κB phosphorylation in LPS-induced PBMCs. Additionally, quercetin dose-dependently improved the activities of SOD and GPx enzymes and decreased LPS-mediated oxidative stress in PBMCs. Moreover, quercetin has a considerable binding affinity to IκKb, the core element of the NF-κB pathway and the antioxidant enzyme SOD.Conclusion:The data show that quercetin plays a vital role in ameliorating inflammation and oxidative stress caused by LPS in PBMCs.
Bioinformatics Analysis and Verification of Metabolic Abnormalities in
Esophageal Squamous Carcinoma
Authors: Tang Duo , Wang Guozhen , Liu Zijia , Zheng Yu Chen , Sheng Chao , Wang Biqi , Hou Xiaonan , Zhang Yu Chen , Yao Mengfei , Zhou Zhixiang 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Although esophageal carcinoma (EC) is one of the most common cancers
in the world, details of its pathogenesis remain unclear. Metabolic reprogramming is a main feature
of EC. Mitochondrial dysfunction, especially the decrease in mitochondrial complex I (MTCI),
plays an important role in the occurrence and development of EC.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to analyze and validate the metabolic abnormalities and
the role of MTCI in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Methods:
In this work, we collected transcriptomic data from 160 esophageal squamous carcinoma
samples and 11 normal tissue samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The OmicsBean
and GEPIA2 were used to conduct an analysis of differential gene expression and survival in clinical
samples. Rotenone was used to inhibit the MTCI activity. Subsequently, we detected lactate
production, glucose uptake, and ATP production.

Results:
A total of 1710 genes were identified as being significantly differentially expressed. The
Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis
suggested that these differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched in various
pathways related to carcinoma tumorigenesis and progression. Moreover, we further identified
abnormalities in metabolic pathways, in particular, the significantly low expression of multiple
subunits of MTCI genes (ND1, ND2, ND3, ND4, ND4L, ND5, and ND6). Rotenone was used to
inhibit the MTCI activity of EC109 cells, and it was found that the decrease in MTCI activity promoted
HIF1A expression, glucose consumption, lactate production, ATP production, and cell
migration.

Conclusion:
Our results indicated the occurrence of abnormal metabolism involving decreased mitochondrial
complex I activity and increased glycolysis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
(ESCC), which might be related to its development and degree of malignancy.
The Preliminary Study on Preparation Technology of PolyHb-SOD-CATCA
- The Effects of Different Extractants
Authors: Liu Rongrong , Wang Wanjun , Wang Yaoxi , Zhang Lili , Chen Gang 
Published: April 2023

Introduction::
During the preparation of polyHb-SOD-CAT-CA, the lysate was extracted
by toluene. However, due to its serious toxicity and potential application in the production of
dangerous explosives, the use of toluene would likely be a restriction of the industrial development
of polyHb-SOD-CAT-CA. So, selecting other extraction reagents as alternatives to toluene is necessary
to promote the industrialization of polyHb-SOD-CAT-CA.

Aims::
The objective of this study is to investigate the application of several organic solvents extraction
during polyHb-SOC-CAT-CA preparation process, which include n-haxane and diethyl
ether, and also to compare with the existing toluene.

Methods::
After extraction with different extractants, the effects of studied organic extractant on
the stability of hemoglobin and enzymes include SOD, CAT and CA through monitoring the property
indexes include Hb concentration, MetHb content, oxygen affinity of Hb, enzymes activities
and so on.

Results::
The P50 and Hill coefficient of n-hexane group were higher than that in diethyl ether
group and toluene group. The MetHb contents, Hb recoveries and enzymes recoveries of n-hexane
group and toluene group were much better than that in diethyl ether group. The SOD activity recovery
rate in n-hexane experimental group was slightly lower than that in toluene group. However,
the CAT and CA recovery rate of n-hexane group was higher than that in toluene group.

Conclusion::
The results of this study suggested that the effects of n-hexane on the properties stability
and productivity of polyHb-SOD-CAT-CA were nearly similar with that of toluene, indicating
potential reliability and feasibility of n-hexane in the future research and development of polyHb-
SOD-CAT-CA.
Insight into the Synthesis, Biological Activity, and Structure-activity
Relationship of 1,2,4-Oxadiazole and Analogs: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Kumar Greesh , Kumar Rajnish , Mazumder Avijit , Salahuddin  , Singh Himanshu , Kumar Upendra , Abdullah Mohd. Mustaqeem , Yar Mohammad Shahar , Kumar Neeraj 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
A five-membered heterocyclic compound known as 1,2,4-oxadiazole has one oxygen, two
carbon, and two nitrogen atoms within a ring. Numerous studies have shown that 1,2,4-oxadiazole has the
potential to be an essential moiety in many harmful pharmacological conditions. 1,2,4-oxadiazole and its
derivatives have been used as an antiviral, cough suppressant, vasodilator, anxiolytic, etc. To synthesize a
single molecule with potent pharmacological action, two or more pharmacophores are combined currently.
This enhances pharmacological effects, facilitates interaction possible with many targets, and reduces
the adverse effects related to them. It has been reported that synthesis of 1,2,4-oxadiazole and its analog is
possible using a variety of methods. In this present review, we emphasized recently accepted synthetic
methods for 1,2,4-oxadiazole and its analogs synthesis. Additionally, the structure-activity relationship
concerning several pharmacological effects, interactions with various targets, and the utility of different
techniques for the analysis and purification has been described. On the behalf of the above study, the
researchers can use this review study to better understand their 1,2,4-oxadiazole research in the future.
Effect of Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) and Compression Therapy on Diabetic
Foot Ulcer Healing
Authors: Burhan Asmat , Arofiati Fitri , Da Silva Vanessa Abreu , Sebayang Septian Mixrova 
Published: April 2023

Purpose::
Knowing the effect of compression therapy on the value of the Ankle Brachial
Index in the healing process of Diabetic Foot Ulcer.

Design::
This study used a quasi-experimental method with pretest-posttest with control group design
with purposive sampling and non-equivalent control groups for eight weeks of treatment.

Subjects and Setting:
Patients diagnosed with Diabetic Foot Ulcer have and have Peripheral Artery
Disease, patient characteristics are homogenized, age >18 years, wound care every three days, Ankle
Brachial Index values between 0.6–1.3 mmHg, research three clinics in Indonesia in February
2021

Methods::
The population with Diabetic Foot Ulcer was screened by inclusion criteria with Ankle
Brachial Index and Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool instruments, a total of n=140; in the
study, thirteen samples were excluded, the intervention group was given Compression Therapy n=
68, and the control group was compression stockings for eight weeks n=59, the data were statistically
analyzed non-parametric test using Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney U.

Results::
Statistical analysis showed that the mean difference in paired group means was 26.4%.
Meanwhile, in the mean analysis, the difference in the post-test healing of diabetic foot ulcers was
2.83%; p=0.000 and improvement of peripheral microcirculation was 33.02%; p=0.000 in the
eighth week. Thus, compression therapy intervention in diabetic foot ulcer patients can improve
peripheral microcirculation and increase Diabetic Foot Ulcers healing compared to the control
group.

Conclusion::
Compression therapy tailored to the patient's needs and according to standard operating
procedures can improve peripheral microcirculation, so that blood flow in the legs becomes
normal; it can speed up the healing process of Diabetic Foot Ulcers.
Identification of Non-steroidal Aromatase Inhibitors via In silico and
In vitro Studies
Authors: Zafar Humaira , Anis Rabbia , Hafeez Sana , Atia-tul-Wahab  , Aqeel Khan Maria , Zehra Basha Fatima , Maslennikov Innokentiy , Choudhary Muhammad Iqbal 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
Breast cancer is the most common cancer affecting women worldwide,
including Pakistan. More than half of breast cancer patients have hormone-dependent breast cancer,
which is developed due to the over-production of estrogen (the main hormone in breast cancer).

Methods:
The biosynthesis of estrogen is catalyzed by the aromatase enzyme, which thus serves as a
target for the treatment of breast cancer. During the current study, biochemical, computational, and
STD-NMR methods were employed to identify new aromatase inhibitors. A series of phenyl-3-
butene-2-one derivatives 1-9 were synthesized and evaluated for human placental aromatase inhibitory
activity. Among them, four compounds 2, 3, 4, and 8 showed a moderate to weak inhibitory activity
(IC50 = 22.6 - 47.9 μM), as compared to standard aromatase inhibitory drugs, letrozole (IC50 =
0.0147 ± 1.45 μM), anastrozole (IC50 = 0.0094 ± 0.91 μM), and exemestane (IC50 = 0.2 ± 0.032 μM).
Kinetic studies on two moderate inhibitors, 4 and 8, revealed a competitive- and mixed-type of inhibition,
respectively.

Results:
Docking studies on all active compounds indicated their binding adjacent to the heme group
and interaction with Met374, a critical residue of aromatase. STD-NMR further highlighted the interactions
of these ligands with the aromatase enzyme.

Conclusion:
STD-NMR-based epitope mapping indicated close proximity of the alkyl chain followed
by an aromatic ring with the receptor (aromatase). These compounds were also found to be
non-cytotoxic against human fibroblast cells (BJ cells). Thus, the current study has identified new
aromatase inhibitors (compounds 4, and 8) for further pre-clinical and clinical research.
Graph Convolutional Capsule Regression (GCCR): A Model for Accelerated
Filtering of Novel Potential Candidates for SARS-CoV-2 based on Binding
Affinity
Authors: Krishnan Aravind , Vinod Dayanand 
Published: April 2023

Background:
There has been a growing interest in discovering a viable drug for the new coronavirus
(SARS-CoV-2) since the beginning of the pandemic. Protein-ligand interaction studies are a crucial
step in the drug discovery process, as it helps us narrow the search space for potential ligands with
high drug-likeness. Derivatives of popular drugs like Remdesivir generated through tools employing evolutionary
algorithms are usually considered potential candidates. However, screening promising molecules
from such a large search space is difficult. In a conventional screening process, for each ligand-target pair,
there are time-consuming interaction studies that use docking simulations before downstream tasks like
thermodynamic, kinetic, and electrostatic-potential evaluation.

Objective:
This work aims to build a model based on deep learning applied over the graph structure of the
molecules to accelerate the screening process for novel potential candidates for SARS-CoV-2 by predicting
the binding energy of the protein-ligand complex.

Methods:
In this work, ‘Graph Convolutional Capsule Regression’ (GCCR), a model which uses Capsule
Neural Networks (CapsNet) and Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN) to predict the binding energy of a
protein-ligand complex is being proposed. The model’s predictions were further validated with kinetic and
free energy studies like Molecular Dynamics (MD) for kinetic stability and MM/GBSA analysis for free
energy calculations.

Results:
The GCCR showed an RMSE value of 0.0978 for 81.3% of the concordance index. The RMSE
of GCCR converged around the iteration of just 50 epochs scoring a lower RMSE than GCN and GAT.
When training with Davis Dataset, GCCR gave an RMSE score of 0.3806 with a CI score of 87.5%.

Conclusion:
The proposed GCCR model shows great potential in improving the screening process based
on binding affinity and outperforms baseline machine learning models like DeepDTA, KronRLS, Sim-
Boost, and other Graph Neural Networks (GNN) based models like Graph Convolutional Networks
(GCN) and Graph Attention Networks (GAT).
Nutritional Support System (NSS) as a New Therapeutic Strategy for Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Leal-Martinez Fernando , Jimenez Ramirez Guadalupe , Ibarra Antonio 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
Cerebral palsy (CP) is part of a group of nonprogressive motor disorders. The disease affects
movement and posture and constitutes the most frequent cause of motor disability in childhood.
CP is characterized by spasticity, reflecting lesions in the pyramidal pathway. Treatment is currently
focused on physical rehabilitation, and the annual progression of the disease is 2-3%. About 60% of
these patients present severe degrees of malnutrition associated with dysphagia, gastrointestinal abnormalities,
malabsorption, increased metabolism, and depression. These alterations promote sarcopenia
functional dependence and affect the quality of life and delay the evolution of motor skills. Currently,
there is evidence that the supplementation of several nutrients, dietary correction, and probiotics
can improve neurological response by stimulating neuroplasticity, neuroregeneration, neurogenesis,
and myelination. This therapeutic strategy could shorten the response period to treatment and increase
both gross and fine motor skills. The interaction of nutrients and functional foods integrating a
Nutritional Support System (NSS) has shown greater efficiency in neurological stimulation than when
nutrients are supplied separately. The most studied elements in the neurological response are glutamine,
arginine, zinc, selenium, cholecalciferol, nicotinic acid, thiamine, pyridoxine, folate, cobalamin,
Spirulina, omega-3 fatty acids, ascorbic acid, glycine, tryptophan, and probiotics. The NSS represents
a therapeutic alternative that will restore neurological function in patients with spasticity and pyramidal
pathway lesions, both characteristics of patients with CP.
Caregivers’ Experiences With a Web- and Mobile-Based Platform for Children With Medical Complexity and the Role of a Live Platform Coach: Thematic Analysis
Authors: Shouldice Ainslie Claire , Beatty Madison , Adams Sherri , Dharmaraj Blossom , Moore Clara , Stinson Jennifer Nan , Desai Arti , Bartlett Leah , Culbert Erin , Cohen Eyal , Orkin Julia 
Published: April 2023

Background
Children with medical complexity (CMC) are individuals with complex chronic conditions who have substantial health care needs, functional limitations, and significant use of health care. By nature of their health status, they have many care providers across multiple settings, making information sharing critical to their health and safety. Connecting2gether (C2), a web- and mobile-based patient-facing platform, was codeveloped with families to support and empower parental caregivers, improve information sharing, and facilitate care delivery. C2 also provided a live platform coach to conduct parental feedback and coaching sessions, which included answering questions, providing advice on usage, and addressing technological issues.

Objective
This study was conducted to understand the experience of parental caregivers using the C2 platform and the role of the live platform coach. This study is a subset of a larger study assessing the feasibility of C2 in the care of CMC.

Methods
Parental caregivers (n=33) participated in biweekly sessions to provide feedback and receive real-time platform use support from a trained research team member acting as a live platform coach. Parental caregivers were asked about the utility and usability of C2’s features. Questions, platform issues, and feedback were recorded on a standardized electronic data collection tool. A thematic analysis was performed to analyze parental comments, and codes were categorized into key themes. The number of comments corresponding with each code was quantified.

Results
A total of 166 parental feedback and coaching sessions were conducted, with an average of 5 sessions per parental caregiver (range 1-7). There were 33 (85%) parental caregivers that participated in at least one coaching session. Technical issues and difficulties navigating C2 were addressed in real time during the sessions to encourage platform engagement. Four key themes were identified: (1) live platform coach, (2) barriers to platform usage and technical challenges, (3) platform requests and modifications, and (4) parent partnership and empowerment.

Conclusions
Parental caregivers describe C2 as a valuable tool, acting as a facilitator for enhanced care coordination and communication. Parental caregiver feedback showed that the live platform coach was a critical tool in educating on platform use and addressing technological concerns. Further study of the use of the C2 platform and its role in the care of CMC is needed to understand the possible benefits and cost-effectiveness of this technology.
Non-pharmacological management for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in patients with cancer: a scoping review†
Authors: Maulidawati Dewi , Rochmawati Erna , Granel Nina 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objective
This review aimed to map and summarize published studies that tested non-pharmacological management for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV).

Methods
We searched for eligible studies in 5 electronic databases and screened the retrieved studies using the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were then collated according to the types of interventions, measurement tool, and outcomes.

Results
The search yielded 2343 records, of which 11 were included. Four categories of non-pharmacological CINV management were made; manipulative and body-based therapy (n = 5 studies); mind–body therapy (n = 3 studies); biologically based practice (n = 1 study), and energy therapy (n = 2 studies). Seven different scales were used to measure CINV. Nine studies reported improvement in CINV.

Conclusions
This scoping review demonstrates the breadth of non-pharmacological management to address CINV. Various types of CINV scales were used to measure CINV severity. The management and scale can be utilized to improve nursing care, particularly in cancer care.