bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CBL Categorisation Through a Micro, Meso, Macro Framework
Authors: Dikilitaş Kenan , Marshall Tim , Shahverdi Masoumeh 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter sets out the rationale for categorizing the case studies commissioned for this book using a micro, meso, and macro frameworks and our intention to further document emerging practical knowledge which can contribute to the development of theoretical understanding in the field of CBL. It contextualizes our research approach through the use of case studies within the wider literature around case study-based research, presenting the benefits of using such a method. It sets out the context of the ECIU university alliance collaboration and the specifics of our research call to contribute to this book.
Warum gibt es Differenzen zwischen nationalen Medienangeboten?
Authors: von Rimscha M. Bjørn , Ehrlich Gianna L. , Siegert Gabriele 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung

Struktur-Verhaltens-Ergebnis-Paradigma, Kulturunterschiede, Politische Einflüsse auf Medien, Regulierung, Marktstruktur
Three-dimensional Analysis of the Distribution of Smooth and Skeletal Muscle Tissue Around the Female Urethra
Authors: Liu Tong , Muro Satoru , Tharnmanularp Suthasinee , Akita Keiichi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction and Hypothesis
The urethra is surrounded by layers of smooth muscle, including inner longitudinal and outer circler muscles, as well as the skeletal muscle of the external urethral sphincter. However, the extent of these muscles and their relationship with the levator ani (LA) remain unclear. This study aimed to clarify the composition of muscle layers around the female urethra and their three-dimensional arrangements.

Methods
Pelvises from five female cadavers were collected for histological analysis. The surrounding urethral tissue was serially sectioned and stained with Elastica van Gieson stain to identify the connective and muscular tissues. Immunohistological staining with an anti-smooth muscle antibody was performed to confirm the distribution of the smooth and skeletal muscles. Thereafter, muscle layers were three-dimensionally reconstructed on the basis of serial histological sections.

Results
The female urethra was surrounded by four muscle layers arranged from inner to outer layers in the following order: longitudinal smooth muscle, circular smooth muscle, the external urethral sphincter (EUS), and an outermost smooth muscle layer. These muscles surrounded the urethra and partially extended anteriorly. Moreover, smooth muscle fibers extending from the vagina were found between the LA and EUS.

Conclusions
This study clarified the distribution of muscle tissue surrounding the female urethra, showing that the EUS is connected to the LA through the outermost smooth muscle layer. Thus, urination control likely involves both the urethral muscle layers and the pelvic floor muscles.
New approaches to secondary metabolite discovery from anaerobic gut microbes
Authors: Butkovich Lazarina V. , Vining Oliver B. , O’Malley Michelle A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The animal gut microbiome is a complex system of diverse, predominantly anaerobic microbiota with secondary metabolite potential. These metabolites likely play roles in shaping microbial community membership and influencing animal host health. As such, novel secondary metabolites from gut microbes hold significant biotechnological and therapeutic interest. Despite their potential, gut microbes are largely untapped for secondary metabolites, with gut fungi and obligate anaerobes being particularly under-explored. To advance understanding of these metabolites, culture-based and (meta)genome-based approaches are essential. Culture-based approaches enable isolation, cultivation, and direct study of gut microbes, and (meta)genome-based approaches utilize in
silico tools to mine biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) from microbes that have not yet been successfully cultured. In this mini-review, we highlight recent innovations in this area, including anaerobic biofoundries like ExFAB, the NSF BioFoundry for Extreme & Exceptional Fungi, Archaea, and Bacteria. These facilities enable high-throughput workflows to study oxygen-sensitive microbes and biosynthetic machinery. Such recent advances promise to improve our understanding of the gut microbiome and its secondary metabolism.

Key points

• Gut microbial secondary metabolites have therapeutic and biotechnological potential

• Culture- and (meta)genome-based workflows drive gut anaerobe metabolite discovery

• Anaerobic biofoundries enable high-throughput workflows for metabolite discovery

Graphical abstract
Teaching of the subject ‘Biomolecules in Living Organisms’ using 3D printing models
Authors: Gul Seyda , Yalinkilic Funda 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In recent years, 3D printing technology or 3D printing models have become a powerful educational tool used in many fields such as medicine, engineering and science. However, research on the integration of these technologies into formal educational environments and the researches examining their effect on students’ learning biology is quite limited. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of using 3D printing models on students’ learning the subject ‘Biomolecules in Living Organisms’. In the study, the students were also interviewed, and the usefulness of 3D printing models was evaluated. For this aim, a quasi-experimental design was used in the study. The study group consisted of 61 ninth grade students (37 females, 24 males), 32 students in the control group and 29 students in the experimental group, attending a public high school during the academic year 2023–2024. The findings indicated that the achievement levels of the students in the experimental group (3D printing models) were statistically higher than those in the control groups (non-3D printing models) after a 9-week instruction. The findings also indicated that there is a statistically important difference in students’ scores on retention tests in favour of the experimental group. Similarly, as a result of student interviews, it was determined that 3D models were evaluated by most of the students as materials that were interesting, arousing curiosity, increased the memorability of information, concretized the subject and facilitated learning. Despite these positive effects of 3D printing models on learning, some limitations, such as small sample selection, reduced the generalizability of the study results. Considering these limitations, some suggestions for future research were made.
A comprehensive framework for assessing circular economy strategies in agri-food supply chains
Authors: Veloso Vânia , Santos Andreia , Carvalho Ana , Barbosa-Póvoa Ana 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The current food system primarily follows a linear model, yet the circular economy (CE) offers significant potential to improve food supply chains’ sustainability. Despite this, concrete strategies and robust measurement systems are essential for a successful transition to CE. This paper addresses this need by developing a comprehensive framework for assessing CE in agri-food supply chains (AFSCs). Our contribution focuses on bridging the gaps identified in the literature by (1) providing actionable CE strategies tailored to various stages of the AFSC, (2) offering a detailed classification of performance indicators with specific metrics for effective measurement, and (3) grounding our framework in empirical data. To achieve this goal, we employed a case-based methodology, analyzing sustainability reports from companies across four AFSC echelons: production, processing, distribution, and valorization. These reports, based on the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) standards, were subjected to content analysis to identify strategies that promote circularity and to select suitable sustainability indicators. The analysis highlights AFSC’s adoption of circular practices, particularly focusing on reducing and recycling strategies. Out of 86 GRI indicators assessed, 31 were identified as suitable for measuring, supporting, or controlling CE strategies, and categorized by CE-specificity levels in a proposed pyramid classification: 6 key indicators (1st level), 11 less specific indicators (2nd level), and 14 auxiliary indicators (3rd level). The study identified gaps in existing standards, proposing five new disclosures: avoided food waste; food waste identification and management; reverse logistics; circular packaging design; and regenerative farming. These strategies and indicators were compiled into a framework that serves as a roadmap for agri-food companies to monitor their CE transition. The framework was validated through focus groups with experts and interviews with specialists from the Portuguese agri-food sector. This research contributed to identifying essential CE strategies and performance indicators for AFSCs, providing a validated tool for companies to enhance their sustainability performance.
Attendance of Underserved Populations at Field-Based Health Services Events: Application of Quasi-Experimental Methods that Accommodate the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Leve Leslie D. , DeGarmo David S. , Searcy Jacob , Budd Elizabeth L. , Ramírez García Jorge I. , Mauricio Anne Marie , Cresko William A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the ability to receive health care services. Field-based health services became a logistically feasible alternative to medical center-based care. We compared two different field-based approaches to the delivery of SARS-CoV-2 testing and health education services for Latine communities using a quasi-experimental design that included propensity score matching to accommodate the challenges posed to research by the pandemic. From September 2021 through October 2022, we held 434 testing events, of which 234 used a geolocation approach and 200 used a partner-located approach to determine the location of the health services (n = 68 field sites in Oregon). We hypothesized that partner-located sites would obtain higher numbers of tests collected relative to geolocated sites, and that longer drive times to testing sites would be associated with lower testing rates. There were no differences in the number of tests collected by geolocated versus partner-located sites, controlling for population size and time-varying pandemic vulnerabilities measured as COVID-19 cases and deaths. Prior to propensity score weighting, a longer drive time to the testing site (both site types) was associated with a lower likelihood of total tests (IRR = .87, p < .01, CI [0.54, 0.92]), of Latine tests (IRR = .69, p < .001, CI [0.56, 0.84]), and of male tests collected (IRR = .67, p < .05, CI [0.47, 0.94]). The site’s number of prior tests was associated with a significant 2% increase in tests collected and the prior week’s number of county deaths was associated with a roughly 30% decrease in the likelihood of tests collected. However, the reduced testing rate when the death rate was higher was less likely in geolocated sites (IRR = 1.55, p < .001, CI [1.20, 2.01]). Implications for the utility of propensity score matching and time-varying covariates to accommodate pandemic challenges posed to research are discussed. Clinicaltrials.gov registration number: NCT05082935. Date of registration: 10/15/2021.
Clinical cut-offs for hip- and knee arthroplasty outcome - minimal clinically important improvement (MCII) and patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) of patient-reported outcome measures (PROM)
Authors: Paulsen Aksel , Djuv Ane , Dalen Ingvild 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Clinical cut-offs like minimum clinically important improvement (MCII) and patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) increase the interpretability of patient reported outcome measures (PROMs), but cut-off estimates vary considerably, clouding a clear definition of a successful surgical outcome. We report estimates of MCII and PASS following hip- and knee arthroplasty using multiple methods and compare the different estimation methods.

Methods
Elective hip or knee arthroplasty patients who underwent the regular pre- and postoperative assessments 2014–2018 were included. The generic EQ-5D-5L and either the Hip or Knee disability/injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS/KOOS) were used. MCII and PASS were estimated based on multiple estimation techniques.

Results
Distributions were skewed, with up to 95% being acceptable according to anchor questions. MCII estimates for HOOS/KOOS Pain ranged 21–60/10–47, with fewest in-sample misclassifications for the lowest cut-offs, provided by the 75th percentile approach. PASS estimates for HOOS/KOOS Pain ranged 84–93/78–91, for EQ-5D Index/EQ-VAS 0.87–0.92/66–79 (for hip), and 0.79–0.88/66–76 (for knee), with fewest misclassifications for the 75th percentile approach (hip) and Pythagoras approach (knee). The 75th percentile approach was the approach most often giving MCII estimates below the minimal detectable change (MDC).

Conclusions
We report new one-year estimates of MCII and PASS of HOOS, KOOS and EQ-5D subscales following hip- and knee arthroplasty. Estimates varied considerably when using different anchors and estimation techniques. Overall, the 75th percentile approach had fewest misclassifications, and had the lowest thresholds for the MCII estimations, but which were often below the MDC.
How government procurement shapes corporate climate disclosures, commitments, and actions
Authors: Even-Tov Omri , She Guoman , Wang Lynn Linghuan , Yang Detian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study examines how government procurement impacts firms’ environmental disclosures and whether they have tangible effects. Using a triple-difference research design that exploits the exogenous increase in federal funding allocations to counties based on population census revisions, we find that firms with high exposure to government contracts significantly increase climate disclosure following expanded procurement opportunities. We also document that enhanced disclosure is characterized by a positive tone that emphasizes firms’ green investment and commitment to climate adaptation. The effect is more pronounced in counties with a greater increase in procurement volume and when firms have lower ex ante sustainability performance. Finally, we find firms that increase climate disclosure are more likely to earn government contracts, and they undertake real actions by reducing toxic emissions and enhancing the development of green products. Overall our results suggest government procurement promotes corporate climate responsibility by incentivizing firms to undertake climate mitigation actions.
Ultrathin [C1C1Im][Tf2N] Layers on Supported Mn3O4(001) Films
Authors: Barreto Jade , Talwar Timo , Steinrück Hans-Peter , Maier Florian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In the Solid Catalyst with Ionic Liquid Layer concept, activity and selectivity of a solid catalyst such as metal particles supported on porous oxides can be tuned and optimized by ultrathin ionic liquid (IL) coatings. In this context of ILs interacting with oxide surfaces, we report on the adsorption behavior and thermal stability of the IL 1,3-dimethylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([C1C1Im][Tf2N]) on well-ordered Mn3O4(001) thin films grown on Au(111) using angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. We observe the formation of a two dimensional IL wetting layer for IL coverages ≤ 0.5 ML, while multilayers on top of the closed wetting layer (≥ 0.5 ML) grow in 3D islands. For both coverage regimes, the IL anion is preferentially oriented in a cis conformation with the CF3 groups preferentially pointing to the vacuum and SO2 groups towards the oxide surface. Temperature-programmed XPS shows that the multilayer starts to desorb at around 300 K as neutral ion pairs. Above 400 K, the IL wetting layer decomposes, which is characterized by the disappearance of cation-related XPS signals until ~ 450 K, while anion signals remain until 500 K. In comparison to [C1C1Im][Tf2N] films on reactive metal surfaces such as Cu(111) and Pt(111), the IL exhibits a higher thermal stability on Mn3O4(001).

Graphical abstract
Avian haemosporidian parasites affecting non-descript village chickens in Africa
Authors: Matloa Tlalemasego , Erasmus Rulien , Ledwaba Maphuti Betty , Malatji Dikeledi Petunia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Smallholder farmers in most of the rural areas in African countries rear non-descript village chickens for petty cash, food provision and for performing rituals. Village chicken production systems are regarded as low input- low output because the chickens receive minimum care and produce average to less eggs and meat. The chickens receive minimal biosecurity and are often left to scavenge for feed and thus exposes them to potential vector parasites that can transmit parasites such as haemoparasites. Haemosporidian parasites (Haemosporidia, Apicomplexa) are blood parasites infecting avian species, especially chickens. They are transmitted by blood sucking vectors such as biting midges, mosquitoes, black flies and louse flies. Infections are mild to severe causing reproduction, production and health losses such as decreased fertility, reduced body weight and egg production, anaemia and inflammation of vital organs such as the liver and spleen. Haemoparasites infections in chickens can be lowered through controlling vector parasites and the use of antimalarial drugs on exotic chicken breeds. The aim of this review is to characterize the avian haemosporidian parasites affecting non-descript village chickens in Africa, describing their morphology, life cycle, pathogenicity, control and prevention measures.
Serum β-secretase 1 (sBACE1) activity in subjective cognitive decline: an exploratory study
Authors: Cervellati Carlo , Trentini Alessandro , Rosta Valentina , Passaro Angelina , Brombo Gloria , Renzini Carlo , Multhaup Gerhard , Zuliani Giovanni 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
β-Secretase-1 (BACE1) plays a key role in the regulation of cerebral amyloid-β homeostasis, being involved in amyloidogenic and, as recently found, amyloidolytic pathways. Growing evidence indicates that increased serum BACE1 (sBACE1) activity might represent an early biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease. Here, we tested the hypothesis that an increase in sBACE1 activity may already occur in individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD). We found that sBACE1 activity was significantly higher in individuals with SCD (n 118) compared to cognitively normal subjects (controls, n 137) (p < 0.001). Moreover, compared with SCD, sBACE1 activity was even higher in patients affected by amnestic (n 179) or non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (n 99) (p < 0.001 and p 0.02, respectively). In all cases, the respective increase in sBACE1 activity was significant after adjustment for possible confounders including age, sex, and comorbidities. We also found a significant sexual dimorphism, with women affected by either type of MCI, but not by SCD, having higher levels of serum BACE1 activity compared to men. These results provide evidence supporting the potential use of sBACE1 activity as tool for blood-based screening of cognitively healthy individuals at clinical risk of MCI and dementia.
Synephrine Inhibits Oxidative Stress and H2O2-Induced Premature Senescence
Authors: Abe Hiroshi , Indo Hiroko P. , Ito Hiromu , Majima Hideyuki J. , Tanaka Tatsuro 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Synephrine, a protoalkaloid found in Citrus aurantium (CA) peels, exerts lipolytic, anti-inflammatory, and vasoconstrictive effects; however, its antioxidant activity remains unclear. In this study, electron spin resonance spectroscopy revealed that synephrine scavenged both hydroxyl and superoxide anion radicals. Several external stimuli, such as H2O2, X-rays, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation, cause stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS). As oxidative stress induces SIPS, we hypothesized that synephrine, an antioxidant, would suppress H2O2-induced premature senescence in WI-38 cells. Synephrine significantly decreased the reactive oxygen species levels induced by H2O2, thereby reducing lipid peroxidation, and oxidative DNA damage and preventing SIPS. Additionally, synephrine inhibited mitochondrial dysfunction in H2O2-treated WI-38 cells. The expression levels of p53, p21, and p16-INK4A, which are involved in the induction of cell cycle arrest in SIPS, were significantly lower in synephrine-treated cells than in untreated cells. Our results indicate that synephrine inhibits H2O2-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, suppressing premature senescence by inhibiting activation of the p53–p21 and p16-INK4A–pRB pathways.
Reimagining Socially just Environments through Children’s Perspectives: An Innovative Approach for Civic Participation
Authors: Edenborough Michel , Gale Fran 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Traditionally adults make decisions for children particularly about how they live and play. Children, particularly those hard-to-reach are usually not heard. In this paper we draw on an innovative approach to facilitate children in expressing their viewpoints about what a socially just environment looks like from their perspective. Seventy-five children living in a disadvantaged area of greater Western Sydney, 7–12 years from ten local schools, used digital mapping to share power and responsibility with local government authority decision-makers to co-design a safe, healthy environment from children’s perspectives. Explaining the community spaces they selected, in terms of their significance for children’s respect, autonomy, identifications, safety, social and cultural meanings, children uploaded images of their creative work, pinpointing the location onto a digital map, to portray what is essential for them in their community and to advocate for social justice. We conclude digital mapping is one means of amplifying the voices of hard-to-reach children to engage directly in place-based change grounded in children’s understandings of otherwise invisible socio-spatial processes underpinning and reproducing social differences.