bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ibex Hollow Tuff from ca. 12 Ma supereruption, southern Idaho, identified across North America, eastern Pacific Ocean, and Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Sarna-Wojcicki Andrei M. , Knott Jefferey R. , Westgate John A. , Budahn James R. , Barron John , Bray Colin J. , Ludvigson Greg A. , Meyer Charles E. , Miller David M. , Otto Rick E. , Pearce Nicholas J.G. , Smith Charles C. , Walkup Laura C. , Wan Elmira , Yount James 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The Ibex Hollow Tuff, 12.08 ± 0.03 Ma (40Ar/39Ar), is a widespread tephra layer erupted from the Bruneau-Jarbidge volcanic field of southern Idaho. Tephra from this eruption was deposited across much of western and central North America and adjacent ocean areas. We identified the Ibex Hollow Tuff at Trapper Creek, Idaho, near its eruption site, and at 15 distal sites, from the Pacific Ocean to the Gulf of Mexico, by the chemical composition of its glass shards, using electron-microprobe analysis, instrumental neutron activation analysis, and laser-ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry. By these methods, we distinguished the Ibex Hollow Tuff from overlying and underlying tephra layers near its source and at distal sites. Fluvially reworked Ibex Hollow Tuff ash was transported by the ancestral Mississippi River drainage from the interior of the North American continent to the Gulf of Mexico, where it is present within an ~50-m-thick deposit in marine sediments in the subsurface. The minimum fallout area covered by the ash is ~2.7 million km2, with a minimum volume of ~800 km3, and potential dispersal farther to the north and northeast. The areal distribution for the Ibex Hollow Tuff is similar to that of the Lava Creek B (0.63 Ma) supereruption. The Ibex Hollow Tuff represents a unique chronostratigraphic marker allowing a synoptic view of paleoenvironments at a virtual moment in time across a large terrestrial and marine region. The Ibex Hollow Tuff is also an important marker bed for North American Land Mammal Ages, and it coincides with climatic cooling in the middle to late Miocene documented in marine cores.
Effectiveness of individual nutrition counselling for the prevention of undernutrition among elderly people living in depopulated areas: secondary analysis of a model project in Tsu city
Authors: Okumura Keiko , Ichikawa Shuhei , Wakabayashi Hideki , Hong Young Jae , Tokudome Yuko , Takemura Yousuke 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesTo examine the effectiveness of nutrition counselling (NC) in preventing undernutrition in elderly people living in depopulated areas.DesignParticipants were elderly people aged at least 65 years living in a depopulated area. Participants completed self-administered questionnaires evaluating nutritional status, frailty and body composition at the start of the study, after a non-NC period (3-month control) and after an NC period (3-month intervention). During the NC period, participants attended monthly 1-hour NC sessions over 3 months. Sessions were conducted in three areas (A, B and C), and the schedule was staggered so that the NC period in one area was conducted simultaneously with the non-NC period of the next. All sessions within an area were attended by the same registered dietitian. Outcomes were assessed three times: before the non-NC period, after the non-NC period and after the NC period. The effects of NC were assessed by comparing the results between the non-NC and NC periods of all participants, using the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel stratified test.Outcome measuresThe primary outcome was undernutrition, as determined by the Mini Nutritional Assessment—Short Form. Secondary outcomes were Dietary Diversity Score (DVS), body weight and frailty. Body composition was also assessed.ResultsOf 106 individuals who joined the project, 61 completed the project and were analysed. The NC in this study had no effect on the primary outcome. DVS in area A was significantly higher after the NC period than after the non-NC period (p=0.012). Frailty in area C was significantly lower after the NC period than after the non-NC period (p=0.025). NC had no significant effects on the other outcomes.ConclusionsNC improved food variety but did not improve nutritional status, frailty or body composition.
Civil servants’ physical activity status and its associated factors in Northeast Ethiopia: applying Health Belief Model
Authors: Getachew Eyob , Wasihun Yosef , Gutema Hordofa , Bogale Eyob Ketema , Shewaye Melaku , Dessie Anteneh Mengist , Yenew Chalachew 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundIdentifying the associated factors of the physical activity of civil servants is necessary to increase the practice of physical activity. However, limited studies addressed associated factors of civil servants’ physical activity status in Ethiopia. Hence, this study assessed civil servants’ physical activity status and associated factors in Northeast Ethiopia.MethodsAn institution-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from 28 February to 13 March 2020 and measured physical activity using WHO physical activity definition. Four hundred and eight civil servants were interviewed using a systematic random sampling technique. A descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression model were used.ResultThe percentage of physical activity for the civil servants of the study was only 2.38, with the prevalence of physical activity status of 64.0% (95% CI 60.4% to 67.61%). Perceived self-efficacy (adjusted OR (AOR)=1.98, 95% CI 1.15 to 4.12), cues to action (AOR=2.12, 95% CI 1.04 to 3.22) and being a health professional (AOR=2.19, 95% CI 1.13, 4.23) were main associated factors of physical activity. However, physical activity was not affected by respondents’ sex (AOR=1.01, 95% CI 0.67 to 1.83), educational status (AOR=0.23, 95% CI 0.03 to 1.91), perceived barrier (AOR=0.97, 95% CI 0.91 to 1.04) or perceived benefit (AOR=1.02, 95% CI 0.95 to 1.09).ConclusionThe health profession, self-efficacy and cues to action were the main associated factors of physical activity. Hence, the Sports Bureau and Health Bureau should pay attention to providing information by focusing on improving self-confidence and creating a positive attitude toward physical activity.
Prognostic utility of N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide ratio in mixed aortic valve disease
Authors: Bernard Jérémy , Jean Guillaume , Bienjonetti-Boudreau David , Jacques Frédéric , Tastet Lionel , Salaun Erwan , Clavel Marie-Annick 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveWe aimed to assess the incremental prognostic value of N-terminal-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (Nt-proBNP) for risk stratification in mixed aortic valve disease (MAVD) patients.MethodsWe included 556 (73±12 years, 37% women) consecutive patients with at least a moderate aortic stenosis (AS) or aortic regurgitation (AR) lesion with a concomitant AS or AR of any severity in whom Nt-proBNP was measured and expressed as its ratio (measured Nt-proBNP divided by the upper limit of normal Nt-proBNP for age and sex). The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality.ResultsBaseline median Nt-proBNP ratio was 3.8 (IQR: 1.5–11.3), and the median follow-up was 5.6 years (4.8–6.1). Early aortic valve replacement (AVR) was performed within 3 months in 423 (76%) patients, while 133 (24%) remained initially under medical treatment. In comprehensive multivariable analyses, Nt-proBNP ratio was significantly associated with excess mortality (continuous variable: HR (95% CI): 1.24 (1.04 to 1.47), p=0.02; Nt-proBNP ratio ≥3: 2.41 (1.33 to 4.39), p=0.004). The independent prognostic value was also observed in patients with severe or non-severe AS/AR, and those treated by early-AVR (all p<0.04). Nt-proBNP ratio as continuous and dichotomic (≥3) variables showed incremental prognostic value (all net reclassification index >0.42, all p≤0.008). After early-AVR, Nt-proBNP ratio ≥3 was associated with higher 30-day mortality (9 (4%) vs 1 (0.5%), p=0.02).ConclusionsIn this series of MAVD patients, Nt-proBNP ratio was a powerful predictor of early and long-term mortality, even in patients with both non-severe AS/AR. Moreover, early-AVR may be an option for patients with Nt-proBNP ratio ≥3. Further randomised studies are needed to validate this last point.
Inner Visions: Art Practice and Sufi Devotion in Morocco at the Turn of the Fourteenth/Twentieth Century
Authors: Abudaya Mounia Chekhab 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This article examines a large calligraphic panel from Morocco preserved in the Harvard Art Museums (2016.206). The artwork features stylized representations of Mecca and Medina alongside Prophet Muhammad’s sandals and a selection of religious texts praising the prophet. This composition is characteristic of Islamic devotional imagery, highlighting artistic transfer from Moroccan illustrated copies of the Dalāʾil al-Khayrāt by the ninth/fifteenth-century Sufi mystic al-Ǧazūlī. This article aims to contextualize the production of this specific panel artwork within the Wazzāniyya Sufi Brotherhood in Morocco. It also presents how the expression of religious devotion through symbolic images reflects a mediation between the believer and Islamic holy sites and relics of the prophet.
Indicators of the dimensions of trust (and mistrust) in early primary care practice: a qualitative study
Authors: Shaughnessy Allen F. , Vicini, SJ Andrea , Zgurzynski Mary , O’Reilly-Jacob Monica , Duggan Ashley P. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Trust occurs when persons feel they can be vulnerable to others because of the sincerity, benevolence, truthfulness and sometimes the competence they perceive. This project examines the various types of trust expressed in written reflections of developing healthcare clinicians. Our goal is to understand the roles trust plays in residents’ self-examination and to offer insight from relationship science to inform the teaching and clinical work for better trust in healthcare.

Methods
We analyzed 767 reflective writings of 33 residents submitted anonymously, to identify explicit or implicit indicators attention to trust or relationship development. Two authors independently coded the entries based on inductively identified dimensions. Three authors developed a final coding structure that was checked against the entries. These codes were sorted into final dimensions.

Results
We identified 114 written reflections that contained one or more indicators of trust. These codes were compiled into five code categories: Trust of self/trust as the basis for confidence in decision making; Trust of others in the medical community; Trust of the patient and its effect on clinician; Assessment of the trust of them exhibited by the patient; and Assessment of the effect of the patient’s trust on the patient’s behavior.

Discussion
Broadly, trust is both relationship-centered and institutionally situated. Trust is a process, built on reciprocity. There is tacit acknowledgement of the interplay among what the residents do is good for the patient, good for themselves, and good for the medical institution. An exclusive focus on moments in which trust is experienced or missed, as well as only on selected types of trust, misses this complexity.

Conclusion
A greater awareness of how trust is present or absent could lead to a greater understanding and healthcare education for beneficial effects on clinicians’ performance, personal and professional satisfaction, and improved quality in patients’ interactions.
Plasmodium falciparum drug resistance-associated mutations in isolates from children living in endemic areas of Burkina Faso
Authors: Tarama Casimire Wendlamita , Soré Harouna , Siribié Mafama , Débé Siaka , Kinda Réné , Ganou Adama , Nonkani Wendyam Gérard , Tiendrebeogo Farida , Bantango Winnie , Yira Kassoum , Sagnon Aladari , Ilboudo Sonia , Hien Esther Yéri , Guelbéogo Moussa Wandaogo , Sagnon NFale , Traoré Yves , Ménard Didier , Gansané Adama 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Artemisinin-based combinations therapy (ACT) is the current frontline curative therapy for uncomplicated malaria in Burkina Faso. Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) is used for the preventive treatment of pregnant women (IPTp), while SP plus amodiaquine (SP-AQ) is recommended for children under five in seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC). This study aimed to assess the proportions of mutations in the P. falciparum multidrug-resistance 1 (Pfmdr1), P. falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter (Pfcrt), P. falciparum dihydrofolate reductase (pfdhfr), and P. falciparum dihydropteroate synthase (pfdhps), genes from isolates collected during household surveys in Burkina Faso.

Methods
Dried blood spots from Plasmodium falciparum-positive cases at three sites (Orodara, Gaoua, and Banfora) collected during the peak of transmission were analysed for mutations in Pfcrt (codons 72–76, 93, 97, 145, 218, 343, 350 and 353), Pfmdr-1 (codons 86, 184, 1034, 1042 and 1246) dhfr (codons 51, 59, 108, 164) and dhps (at codons 431, 436, 437, 540, 581, 613) genes using deep sequencing of multiplexed Polymerase chaine reaction (PCR) amplicons.

Results
Of the 377 samples analysed, 346 (91.7%), 369 (97.9%), 368 (97.6%), and 374 (99.2%) were successfully sequenced for Pfcrt, Pfmdr-1, dhfr, and dhps, respectively. Most of the samples had a Pfcrt wild-type allele (89.3%). The 76T mutation was below 10%. The most frequent Pfmdr-1 mutation was detected at codon 184 (Y > F, 30.9%). The single mutant genotype (NFSND) predominated (66.7%), followed by the wild-type genotype (NYSND, 30.4%). The highest dhfr mutations were observed at codon 59R (69.8%), followed by codons 51I (66.6%) and 108 N (14.7%). The double mutant genotype (ACIRSI) predominated (52.4%). For mutation in the dhps gene, the highest frequency was observed at codon 437 K (89.3%), followed by codons 436 A (61.2%), and 613 S (14.4%). The double mutant genotype (IAKKAA) and the single mutant genotype (ISKKAA) were predominant (37.7% and 37.2%, respectively). The most frequent dhfr/dhps haplotypes were the triple mutant ACIRSI/IAKKAA (23%), the wild-type ACNCSI/ISKKAA (19%) and the double mutant ACIRSI/ISKKAA (14%). A septuple mutant ACIRNI/VAKKGA was observed in 2 isolates from Gaoua (0.5%).

Conclusion
The efficacy of ACT partner drugs and drugs used in IPTp and SMC does not appear to be affected by the low proportion of highly resistant mutants observed in this study. Continued monitoring, including molecular surveillance, is critical for decision-making on effective treatment policy in Burkina Faso.
Diagnostic value of D-dimer for lower extremity deep venous thrombosis caused by rib fracture: a retrospective study
Authors: Feng Lei , Xie Zexin , Zhou Xuetao , Hou Chunjuan , Liang Zheng , Lu Huiqing , Liu Lili , Zhang Dongsheng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to investigate the role of D-dimer in the diagnosis of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in patients with rib fractures.

Method
Retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 499 patients with rib fractures who were admitted to the Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang between October 2020 and September 2021. These patients were divided into the DVT and the non-DVT groups. D-dimer levels were compared between the two groups at 24, 48, and 72 h after the injury. Receiver operating characteristic curves were utilized to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of dynamically monitoring changes in D-dimer for DVT.

Results
The D-dimer levels in the DVT group were significantly higher than those in the non-DVT group at 24, 48, and 72 h after the injury. The area under the curve values for predicting DVT based on D-dimer level at 24, 48, and 72 h after injury in patients with rib fractures were 0.788, 0.605, and 0.568, respectively.

Conclusion
Detecting D-dimer levels 24 h after the injury can enhance diagnostic efficacy and sensitivity for DVT, thereby reducing the rate of missed diagnoses, which is of great clinical value.
Addressing Financial Exclusion through Financial Literacy training programs: a Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Choudhary Heena , Jain Himanshi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe development of financial literacy (FL) is significantly influenced by financial literacy training programs (FLTPs), which aid in creating an ecosystem that is more inclusive and participative. This study reviewed 22 studies on FLTPs for marginalised women in developed and developing countries. It seeks to comprehend (a) the characteristics of FLTPs and (b) the impact of FLTPs on women’s financial behaviour. The findings highlight that existing research has demonstrated an overall improvement in post-training financial behaviour, particularly in bank ownership, savings, and expenditure. This indicates that FL programs and interventions can positively impact women’s financial inclusion and empowerment. However, the study also acknowledges the need for further research to delve into women’s specific challenges in various regions and contexts. Understanding these unique challenges is crucial for developing targeted strategies that address women’s particular needs and circumstances in different situations. This study provides valuable insights and guidance to various stakeholders – practitioners, academics, and policymakers – enabling them to make informed decisions and implement impactful measures to promote FL and inclusion among women.
Experience and measurement of fatigue in adults with Crohn’s disease: results from qualitative interviews and a longitudinal 2-week daily diary pilot study
Authors: Regueiro Miguel , Delbecque Laure , Hunter Theresa , Stassek Larissa , Harding Gale , Lewis James 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Fatigue has a detrimental impact on health-related quality of life and functioning in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). We aimed to confirm the relevance and importance of fatigue, establish the content validity of the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy–Fatigue (FACIT-F), qualitatively explore meaningful change in fatigue experience, and assess the measurement properties of the FACIT-F in patients with moderate-to-severe CD.

Methods
This was a mixed-methods observational study consisting of a cross-sectional qualitative interview (Part A) and a longitudinal 2-week daily diary pilot study (Part B) in participants aged ≥ 18 years with a clinical diagnosis of moderate-to-severe CD. Part A included open-ended questions related to the participant’s overall experiences with CD, fatigue, and impact on daily activities and a cognitive debriefing of several patient-reported outcomes (PROs), including the FACIT-F. Part B consisted of participants completing an electronic daily diary that included the FACIT-F and other PROs for 14 days. Item performance, test–retest reliability, and construct validity were assessed at baseline (Day 1), Day 7, and Day 14.

Results
Thirty-five participants (mean age 45.1 years; 65.7% female) completed an interview (Part A). Ninety-one percent of the interview participants reported fatigue as a symptom attributed to CD. Participants indicated that fatigue had a major impact on their daily activities (e.g., recreation/ hobbies, work/school, yard work and housework), social activities, and emotional health. The FACIT-F was well understood by the interview participants.
Seventy-six participants (mean age 41.9 years; 66% female) completed at least the Day 1 diary entry (Part B). Potential floor and ceiling effects were observed for several FACIT-F items, but test–retest reliability and construct validity were all strong and within the ranges hypothesized a priori.

Conclusions
The interviews indicate that fatigue is a frequent and bothersome symptom experienced by most patients with moderate-to-severe CD and support the content validity of the FACIT-F in this population. Daily diary study results indicate that the FACIT-F scale demonstrates adequate reliability and validity among patients with CD. These study findings suggest that the FACIT-F would be a reliable, valid, and useful measure of fatigue in patients with moderate-to-severe CD.
A simple high-performance liquid chromatographic assay for concurrent quantification of lumefantrine and efavirenz in human plasma from malaria–HIV co-infected individuals
Authors: Adegbola Adebanjo J. , Ogboye Ruth M. , Soyinka Julius O. , Bolaji Oluseye O. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
As per current treatment guidelines, artemether-lumefantrine and efavirenz-based antiretroviral therapy are recommended drugs for falciparum malaria and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections, respectively. A liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection method for simultaneous quantification of lumefantrine and efavirenz was developed and validated for efficacy and pharmacokinetic clinical studies. Lumefantrine and efavirenz were separated using a 100 × 4.6 mm × 3 µm Fortis C18 chromatographic column, and a multistep gradient mobile phase. Calibration curves were obtained with a series of standard solutions containing known concentrations of the chemical reference of both analytes prepared concomitantly in drug-free plasma. The assay was validated within the calibration ranges of 78.125–20,000 ng/mL for lumefantrine and 187.15–24,000 ng/mL for efavirenz. Stability assessment was carried out with or without heating the quality control sample to 58 °C for 45 min. The method was employed to measure the plasma concentrations of lumefantrine and efavirenz in a study conducted among malaria-HIV co-infected patients.

Result
Lumefantrine and efavirenz were well separated from each other and from the biological matrix. The method demonstrated a good recovery of 72.64% for lumefantrine and 117.17% for efavirenz. The intra- and inter-day accuracy presented as 95.36–105.14% for lumefantrine and 104.11–115% for efavirenz and precision ranged from 1.15 to 6.45% for lumefantrine and 0.43 to 13.12 for efavirenz, were within ± 15% at the three quality control levels. The analytes from both quality control lots and samples collected from HIV-malaria co-infected individuals were found to be stable post-deactivation of infectious virus by heating to 58 °C for 45 min.

Conclusion
The assay is accurate, precise and shown to simultaneously measure the lumefantrine and EFV in human plasma.
Ensemble of deep learning and machine learning approach for classification of handwritten Hindi numerals
Authors: Rajpal Danveer , Garg Akhil Ranjan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Given the vast range of factors, including shape, size, skew, and orientation of handwritten numerals, their machine-based recognition is a difficult challenge for researchers in the pattern recognition field. Due to the abundance of curves and resembling shapes of the symbols, the recognition of Devnagari numerals can leverage the difficulty level of the recognition. The suggested low-classification-cost method for obtaining fine features from given numeral images used benchmark deep learning models, VGG-16Net, VGG-19Net, ResNet-50, and Inception-v3, to address these issues. Principal component analysis, a powerful dimensionality reduction method, was used to efficiently reduce the number of dimensions in the information that pre-trained deep convolutional neural network models provided. The method for improving recognition accuracy by fusing features was provided in the scheme. A machine learning algorithm: support vector machine was employed for the recognition task due to its capacity to distinguish between patterns belonging to distinct classes. The system was able to obtain a recognition accuracy of 99.72% and was effective in demonstrating the importance of ensemble machine learning and deep learning approaches.