bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Workload Indicators of Staffing Need (WISN) Method for Midwives Planning and Estimation at Asrade Zewude Memorial Primary Hospital, North west Ethiopia
Authors: Asres Gizew Dessie 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Workforce is a crucial component of the health service delivery system. Ethiopia faces health workforce challenges when it comes to evidence based health workforce planning.
Workforce planning was initially determined by comparing the health worker ratio to the general population number. Later, it was determined by standard staffing schedules for each health facility level. However, neither of these methods addressed the evidence based workload variation issue among the same level facilities all around the country. A workload indicator of staff needs (WISN) method can address these variations. Therefore this research was carried on to determine workload pressure excess or gap in midwives, thereby to promote the WISN use in health facilities, based on WISN results of midwives at Asrade Zewude memorial Hospital.

Methods
A cross sectional study using WISN model was used to determine the workload excess and gap pressure in midwives at Asrade Zewude Memorial primary hospital, North West Ethiopia. Midwives were selected based on a priority point scale as outlined in the WISN method.

Results
According to the data obtained, midwives worked five days a week and 1030 h per year. This working time was spent on health service activities (58.4%), additional activities (36.6%) and support activities (5%). WISN calculations demonstrated a shortage of five midwives with WISN ratio of 0.8 at Asrade Zewude Memorial primary hospital North West Ethiopia.

Conclusion
Midwives at the study area were carrying on their routine tasks even though there was a staff gap of 5: thus, the midwives had a workload excess of 20%. Under these conditions, it may be hard for the facility to achieve universal health service goals. Therefore the hospital should institutionalize WISN method planning to objectively employ midwifery professionals. This study had limitations too as it used retrospective annual service statistics and small sample size which affects generalization of the results to other health facilities and other health worker cadres within the study hospital.
Democratizing electricity distribution network analysis
Authors: Neaimeh Myriam , Deakin Matthew , Jenkinson Ryan , Giles Oscar 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The uptake of electric vehicles (EVs) and renewable energy technologies is changing the magnitude, variability, and direction of power flows in electricity networks. To ensure a successful transition to a net zero energy system, it will be necessary for a wide range of stakeholders to understand the impacts of these changing flows on networks. However, there is a gap between those with the data and capabilities to understand electricity networks, such as network operators, and those working on adjacent parts of the energy transition jigsaw, such as electricity suppliers and EV charging infrastructure operators. This paper describes the electric vehicle network analysis tool (EVENT), developed to help make network analysis accessible to a wider range of stakeholders in the energy ecosystem who might not have the bandwidth to curate and integrate disparate datasets and carry out electricity network simulations. EVENT analyses the potential impacts of low-carbon technologies on congestion in electricity networks, helping to inform the design of products and services. To demonstrate EVENT’s potential, we use an extensive smart meter dataset provided by an energy supplier to assess the impacts of electricity smart tariffs on networks. Results suggest both network operators and energy suppliers will have to work much more closely together to ensure that the flexibility of customers to support the energy system can be maximized, while respecting safety and security constraints within networks. EVENT’s modular and open-source approach enables integration of new methods and data, future-proofing the tool for long-term impact.
Deflective Cooperation: Social Pressure and Forum Management in Cold War Conventional Arms Control
Authors: Mantilla Giovanni 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWhy do states create weak international institutions? Frustrated with proliferating but disappointing international environmental institutions, scholars increasingly bemoan agreements which, rather than solving problems, appear to exist “for show.” This article offers an explanation of this phenomenon. I theorize a dynamic of deflective cooperation to explain the creation of compromise face-saving institutions. I argue that when international social pressure to create an institution clashes with enduring disagreements among states about the merits of creating it, states may adopt cooperative arrangements that are ill-designed to produce their purported practical effects. Rather than negotiation failures or empty gestures, I contend that face-saving institutions represent interstate efforts to manage intractable disagreement through suboptimal institutionalized cooperation. I formulate this argument inductively through a new multi-archival study of conventional weapons regulation during the Cold War, which resulted in the oft-maligned 1980 UN Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons. A careful reconsideration of the negotiation process extends and nuances existing IR theorizing and retrieves its historical significance as a critical juncture and complex product of contesting diplomatic practices.
Reading Rahab: How criticism serves itself or eats itself
Authors: Goldingay John 
Published: January 2023

AbstractStudies of the Rahab story in Joshua illustrate how, as interpreters, we can read our interests and convictions into a text, allow it no room to protest that it did not have these interests or convictions, and give it no opportunity conversely to question the interests and convictions that we bring to it as interpreters. This raises the question whether we actually want to discover things from texts or whether we simply want to provide illustrations of and support for what we think already.
Publishing in predatory language and linguistics journals: Authors’ experiences and motivations
Authors: Nejadghanbar Hassan , Hu Guangwei , Jahangiri Babadi Maryam 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study examines the experiences and motivations of language and linguistics academics who have published in potential predatory journals (PPJs). A questionnaire was administered to 2,793 academics with publications in 63 language and linguistics PPJs, and 213 of them returned their responses. A subsample of the respondents (n = 21) also contributed qualitative data through semi-structured interviews or email responses to open-ended questions. Analyses of the survey data found that the authors were mainly from Asia, mostly had a doctorate, chose the PPJs chiefly for fast publication and/or meeting degree or job requirements, were predominantly of the opinion that the PPJs were reputable, and commonly reported positive impacts of publishing in the PPJs on their studies or academic careers. A thematic analysis of the qualitative data revealed five main themes: unawareness, unrelenting publication pressures, low information literacy, social identity threat, and failure to publish in top-tier journals.
Adapting cognitive behaviour therapy for people with intellectual disabilities: an overview for therapist working in mainstream or specialist services
Authors: Dagnan Dave , Taylor Lara , Burke Christine-Koulla 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This paper is an introduction to adaptations to make cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) more accessible to people with intellectual disabilities. It is intended to inform therapists who may work with people with intellectual disabilities in mainstream services.
The paper describes adaptations that consider neuropsychological processes, such as memory, and executive functions, such as planning, problem solving and self-regulation, and identifies that these factors are not unique to people with intellectual disabilities. We describe adaptations based on a review of literature describing CBT for people with intellectual disabilities (Surley and Dagnan, 2019) and draw on clinical experience to give examples of adaptations where possible. The paper particularly emphasises the generalisability of adaptations used with people with intellectual disabilities to therapy with wider populations and suggests that CBT therapists working in mainstream services will have the skills to be able to adapt therapy for people with intellectual disabilities.

Key learning aims

(1)
To overview the evidence base supporting the use of CBT with people with intellectual disabilities.

(2)
To describe the epidemiology of intellectual disability and discuss its implications for the generalisability of adaptations discussed in this paper.

(3)
To describe a range of adaptations to make CBT more accessible people with intellectual disabilities.

(4)
To consider whether such adaptations are part of the skill set of CBT therapists mainly working with people without intellectual disabilities.
Pre‐Eruptive Evolution and Timescales of Silicic Volcanism in the Tarim Large Igneous Province
Authors: Bo Hongze , Zhang Zhaochong , Cheng Zhiguo , Ren Kangxu , Santosh M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe widespread (∼48,000 km2) coexisting crystal‐rich monotonous intermediates (trachydacites) and crystal‐poor high‐silica rocks (rhyolites, ignimbrites) in the Tarim Large Igneous Province (T‐LIP) offer a rare opportunity to explore pre‐eruptive timescales and evolutionary patterns of different silicic magmas in LIPs. We combined information from petrography, geochemistry, crystal kinetics, and diffusion chronometry of felsic rocks from nine boreholes to investigate their pre‐eruptive history. The complex reverse Ti zoning patterns in quartz corresponding to temperature variations over 100°C, lognormal crystal size distributions, high‐Ti rims with faster growth rates, variable pressures, and Nd isotopic modeling, indicate silicic magmas in T‐LIP might have witnessed a universal evolutionary pattern of periodic recharge and rejuvenation, coarsening, and cooling and crystallization in magma chambers at different crustal levels, which we term here as RRCCC model. The uniform composition and crystallinity of trachydacites might result from latent heat buffering, and their eruption was triggered by melt‐induced fracturing. The chemical and thermal gradients preserved in rhyolites were generated by thermally variable magma inputs and extensive fractionation at different pressures. Co‐existence of these two types of rocks was controlled by interaction between mantle plume impingement and re‐melting of hydrous crust built up by early subduction. The best‐fitting Ti‐in‐quartz diffusion curves obtained by Neural Networks indicate that magma residence time lasted for ∼106 years, and eruption was triggered within ∼105 years after the last recharge event.
Transport and Confinement of Plumes From Tropopause‐Overshooting Convection Over the Contiguous United States During the Warm Season
Authors: Chang Kai‐Wei , Bowman Kenneth P. , Rapp Anita D. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTropopause‐penetrating overshooting convection (OC) can transport tropospheric air into and affect the composition of the lower stratosphere. During the warm season, OC occurs frequently over the contiguous United States, and the transport of plumes from these events is modulated by the flow over North America, which throughout June to August is characterized by a large‐scale anticyclone in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. This study uses data from the Next Generation Weather Radar and the ERA5 reanalysis to locate OC during May–August of 2008–2020. Evidence of convective transport is found well above the 380 K isentrope, which is the top of the “lowermost stratosphere” and also the top of the stratospheric middleworld. By initializing massless particles within the volume of OC above the tropopause, we perform trajectory calculations to simulate the transport of OC plumes. With three‐dimensional diabatic trajectory modeling in isentropic coordinates using winds from ERA5, we quantify the confinement within the anticyclone and the number of trajectories transported into the tropical and extratropical stratosphere. By evaluating the trajectory residence time in the North American region, we find that July exhibits the strongest confinement, with about a quarter of trajectories staying in the region for more than 11 days. It is shown that, together with sufficient injection height, convective injection that occurs south of the jet and/or into anticyclonic regimes increases the chances of air remaining in the stratosphere. After 30 days, 45% of all air masses injected above the tropopause remain in the global stratosphere.
A Low‐Latitude Three‐Dimensional Ionospheric Electron Density Model Based on Radio Occultation Data Using Artificial Neural Networks With Prior Knowledge
Authors: Yang Ding , Fang Hanxian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe accurate estimation of electron density in the ionosphere is crucial for various applications including remote sensing systems, communication, satellite positioning, and navigation. Previous ionospheric models using artificial neural networks (ANN) are only data‐driven, whose effects are entirely affected by observational data. In this paper, we utilize the results of International Reference Ionosphere (IRI)‐2016 as prior knowledge to develop a low‐latitude (30°N–30°S) three‐dimensional ionospheric electron density model using ANN, namely ANN‐IRI, based on COSMIC radio occultation ionospheric profiles during 2006–2020. The prior knowledge helps ANN‐IRI get a better prediction effect and obtain convergence more quickly. The COSMIC data sets above the altitude 150 km are divided into three sets, a training set (2006–2014 and 2018–2020), a validation set (2016), and a test set (2015 and 2017). For the test set, ANN‐IRI shows a good performance for predicting the electron density, better than ANN (without prior knowledge) and IRI‐2016. And ANN‐IRI behaves better during quiet than disturbed times as well as during low solar activity than high solar activity years. In addition, we corrected effectively the error of ANN‐IRI in the lower ionosphere source from COSMIC data based on IRI‐2016 and spline interpolation. Compared with completely independent data sets from incoherent scatter radars (ISRs) and ROCSAT‐1 in situ observations, the electron density predicted by corrected ANN‐IRI exhibits good similarity. Generally, ANN‐IRI behaves better than ANN and IRI‐2016 for predicting electron density. Our work demonstrates a new possibility of applying deep learning methods with prior knowledge to a broader field of geosciences, particularly for problems of prediction.
Decoding of the ubiquitin code for clearance of colliding ribosomes by the RQT complex
Authors: Matsuo Yoshitaka , Uchihashi Takayuki , Inada Toshifumi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe collision sensor Hel2 specifically recognizes colliding ribosomes and ubiquitinates the ribosomal protein uS10, leading to noncanonical subunit dissociation by the ribosome-associated quality control trigger (RQT) complex. Although uS10 ubiquitination is essential for rescuing stalled ribosomes, its function and recognition steps are not fully understood. Here, we show that the RQT complex components Cue3 and Rqt4 interact with the K63-linked ubiquitin chain and accelerate the recruitment of the RQT complex to the ubiquitinated colliding ribosome. The CUE domain of Cue3 and the N-terminal domain of Rqt4 bind independently to the K63-linked ubiquitin chain. Their deletion abolishes ribosomal dissociation mediated by the RQT complex. High-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM) reveals that the intrinsically disordered regions of Rqt4 enable the expansion of the searchable area for interaction with the ubiquitin chain. These findings provide mechanistic insight into the decoding of the ubiquitin code for clearance of colliding ribosomes by the RQT complex.
A gradient oxy-thiophosphate-coated Ni-rich layered oxide cathode for stable all-solid-state Li-ion batteries
Authors: Liang Jianwen , Zhu Yuanmin , Li Xiaona , Luo Jing , Deng Sixu , Zhao Yang , Sun Yipeng , Wu Duojie , Hu Yongfeng , Li Weihan , Sham Tsun-Kong , Li Ruying , Gu Meng , Sun Xueliang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHigh-energy Ni-rich layered oxide cathode materials such as LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC811) suffer from detrimental side reactions and interfacial structural instability when coupled with sulfide solid-state electrolytes in all-solid-state lithium-based batteries. To circumvent this issue, here we propose a gradient coating of the NMC811 particles with lithium oxy-thiophosphate (Li3P1+xO4S4x). Via atomic layer deposition of Li3PO4 and subsequent in situ formation of a gradient Li3P1+xO4S4x coating, a precise and conformal covering for NMC811 particles is obtained. The tailored surface structure and chemistry of NMC811 hinder the structural degradation associated with the layered-to-spinel transformation in the grain boundaries and effectively stabilize the cathode|solid electrolyte interface during cycling. Indeed, when tested in combination with an indium metal negative electrode and a Li10GeP2S12 solid electrolyte, the gradient oxy-thiophosphate-coated NCM811-based positive electrode enables the delivery of a specific discharge capacity of 128 mAh/g after almost 250 cycles at 0.178 mA/cm2 and 25 °C.
Doubled strength and ductility via maraging effect and dynamic precipitate transformation in ultrastrong medium-entropy alloy
Authors: Chung Hyun , Choi Won Seok , Jun Hosun , Do Hyeon-Seok , Lee Byeong-Joo , Choi Pyuck-Pa , Han Heung Nam , Ko Won-Seok , Sohn Seok Su 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDemands for ultrahigh strength in structural materials have been steadily increasing in response to environmental issues. Maraging alloys offer a high tensile strength and fracture toughness through a reduction of lattice defects and formation of intermetallic precipitates. The semi-coherent precipitates are crucial for exhibiting ultrahigh strength; however, they still result in limited work hardening and uniform ductility. Here, we demonstrate a strategy involving deformable semi-coherent precipitates and their dynamic phase transformation based on a narrow stability gap between two kinds of ordered phases. In a model medium-entropy alloy, the matrix precipitate acts as a dislocation barrier and also dislocation glide media; the grain-boundary precipitate further contributes to a significant work-hardening via dynamic precipitate transformation into the type of matrix precipitate. This combination results in a twofold enhancement of strength and uniform ductility, thus suggesting a promising alloy design concept for enhanced mechanical properties in developing various ultrastrong metallic materials.
Selective photoelectrochemical oxidation of glucose to glucaric acid by single atom Pt decorated defective TiO2
Authors: Tian Zhangliu , Da Yumin , Wang Meng , Dou Xinyu , Cui Xinhang , Chen Jie , Jiang Rui , Xi Shibo , Cui Baihua , Luo Yani , Yang Haotian , Long Yu , Xiao Yukun , Chen Wei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPhotoelectrochemical reaction is emerging as a powerful approach for biomass conversion. However, it has been rarely explored for glucose conversion into value-added chemicals. Here we develop a photoelectrochemical approach for selective oxidation of glucose to high value-added glucaric acid by using single-atom Pt anchored on defective TiO2 nanorod arrays as photoanode. The defective structure induced by the oxygen vacancies can modulate the charge carrier dynamics and band structure, simultaneously. With optimized oxygen vacancies, the defective TiO2 photoanode shows greatly improved charge separation and significantly enhanced selectivity and yield of C6 products. By decorating single-atom Pt on the defective TiO2 photoanode, selective oxidation of glucose to glucaric acid can be achieved. In this work, defective TiO2 with single-atom Pt achieves a photocurrent density of 1.91 mA cm−2 for glucose oxidation at 0.6 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode, leading to an 84.3 % yield of glucaric acid under simulated sunlight irradiation.
High-accuracy thermodynamic properties to the melting point from ab initio calculations aided by machine-learning potentials
Authors: Jung Jong Hyun , Srinivasan Prashanth , Forslund Axel , Grabowski Blazej 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAccurate prediction of thermodynamic properties requires an extremely accurate representation of the free-energy surface. Requirements are twofold—first, the inclusion of the relevant finite-temperature mechanisms, and second, a dense volume–temperature grid on which the calculations are performed. A systematic workflow for such calculations requires computational efficiency and reliability, and has not been available within an ab initio framework so far. Here, we elucidate such a framework involving direct upsampling, thermodynamic integration and machine-learning potentials, allowing us to incorporate, in particular, the full effect of anharmonic vibrations. The improved methodology has a five-times speed-up compared to state-of-the-art methods. We calculate equilibrium thermodynamic properties up to the melting point for bcc Nb, magnetic fcc Ni, fcc Al, and hcp Mg, and find remarkable agreement with experimental data. A strong impact of anharmonicity is observed specifically for Nb. The introduced procedure paves the way for the development of ab initio thermodynamic databases.
Unconventional resistivity scaling in topological semimetal CoSi
Authors: Lien Shang-Wei , Garate Ion , Bajpai Utkarsh , Huang Cheng-Yi , Hsu Chuang-Han , Tu Yi-Hsin , Lanzillo Nicholas A. , Bansil Arun , Chang Tay-Rong , Liang Gengchiau , Lin Hsin , Chen Ching-Tzu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNontrivial band topologies in semimetals lead to robust surface states that can contribute dominantly to the total conduction. This may result in reduced resistivity with decreasing feature size contrary to conventional metals, which may highly impact the semiconductor industry. Here we study the resistivity scaling of a representative topological semimetal CoSi using realistic band structures and Green’s function methods. We show that there exists a critical thicknessdcdividing different scaling trends. Abovedc, when the defect density is low such that surface conduction dominates, resistivity reduces with decreasing thickness; when the defect density is high such that bulk conduction dominates, resistivity increases as in conventional metals. Belowdcwhere bulk states are depopulated, the persistent Fermi-arc remnant states give rise to decreasing resistivity down to the ultrathin limit, unlike topological insulators. The observed CoSi scaling can apply to broad classes of topological semimetals, providing guidelines for materials screening in back-end-of-line interconnect applications.