bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis Butir Soal Ulangan Harian Pembelajaran IPA Pada Kelas VIII Di SMPN 21 Semarang
Authors: Ningrum Wike Aprilia , Rahmawati Rivanna Citraning , Minarti Ipah Budi , Mekar Roch Mayang 
Published: September 2023

Menganalisis kualitas butir soal merupakan kegiatan yang harus dilakukan untuk mengetahui butir soal yang disusun layak dipertahankan atau tidak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kualitas butir soal ulangan harian pembelajaran IPA materi sistem pencernaan kelas VIII G di SMPN 21 Semarang yang ditinjau dari aspek validitas, reliabilitas, tingkat kesukaran, dan daya pembeda. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada 24 November 2022. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Objek penelitian ini adalah butir soal, kunci jawaban, dan jawaban peserta didik. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa validitas butir soal menunjukkan 72% soal pilihan ganda dan 80% soal uraian dinyatakan valid, sedangkan butir soal yang dinyatakan tidak valid menunjukkan 28% soal pilihan ganda dan 20% soal uraian. Reliabilitas butir soal menunjukkan kekonsistenannya tinggi sebesar 0,816 pada soal pilihan ganda, sedangkan soal uraian menunjukkan kekonsistenannya cukup sebesar 0,441. Daya pembeda soal pilihan ganda dan uraian menunjukkan hasil sangat baik, cukup baik, baik dan tidak baik. Pada tingkat kesukaran pilihan ganda dan uraian menunjukkan hasil kategori sedang, mudah, dan terlalu mudah. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa pada butir soal yang valid bisa digunakan kembali sedangkan butir soal yang tidak valid atau kurang baik bisa diperbaiki atau dibuatkan baru sesuai dengan indikator. Namun secara keseluruhan hasil belajar sudah mencapai nilai KKM.Kata kunci: Analaisis Butir Soal, Validitas, Reliabilitas, Tingkat Kesukaran, Daya Pembeda .
Velle-Futurum im Albanischen
Authors: Demiraj Bardhyl 
Published: September 2023

The object and the aim of this article is the diachronic and areal-typological study of the formation of the future category/dimension do + subjunctive in Albanian. This phenomenon seems to have reached the Albanian language area already before the first Old Albanian written testimonies, and continues to exist as such everywhere in this area today, but with a density that may have been spatially and temporally dependent both on the uneven development of the competition of the existing structural homonymy and on the interlingual environment of the Balkans (Balkansprachbund), which influenced linguistic convergence in a one-sided way and therefore could not evenly encompass the entire Albanian-speaking territory.
Pelatihan Pembelajaran Matematika dengan Microsoft Mathematics Untuk Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru MGMP Matematika SMK Lebak
Authors: Giyanti  , Khotimah  
Published: September 2023

Guru diwajibkan meningkatkan kompetensinya sebagai pendidik dalam rangka peningkatan kualitas pendidikan yang sudah ditetapkan oleh pemerintah. Kemampuan pedagogik dan professional guru dalam menggunakan media pembelajaran berbasis Teknologi dan Informasi didalam proses pembelajaran berperan penting dalam berinteraksi dan keberhasilan proses kegiatan pembelajaran di kelas. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini dilaksanakan untuk memberikan wawasan atau pengetahuan, dan keterampilan pemanfaatan Microsoft mathematics dalam pembelajaran matematika pada guru MGMP matematika SMK di Kabupaten Lebak. Saat pelaksanaan pengabdian , peserta pelatihan diberikan materi, tanya jawab kemudian peserta pelatihan secara langsung mempraktekkan pembelajaran matematika dengan menggunakan Microsoft Mathematics. Kegiatan pelatihan dilaksanakan di SMK Negeri 1 Rangkasbitung dengan jumlah peserta kegiatan sebanyak 13 guru SMK bidang matematika kabupaten Lebak. Metode yang digunakan dalam pelaksanaan pelatihan secara tatap muka (luring) yang terbagi menjadi dua tahap yaitu tahap pemaparan materi dan pendampingan peserta. Hasil dari pelatihan ini mampu meningkatkan kompetensi guru dalam pembelajaran matematika dengan menggunakan Microsoft Mathematics.
Clinico-Bacteriological Evaluation of Surface and Core Tonsillar Tissue in Chronic Tonsillitis
Authors: Shrestha Kumar , Paudel Dhundi Raj , Mahaseth Subhash Chandra , Pokhrel Sandeep 
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Chronic tonsillitis is the most common disease for Otolaryngologists. Effective treatment of tonsillitis depends on knowledge of the infecting organisms. Controversy regarding the treatment of tonsillitis based on throat culture report still persists. There is always a dilemma whether the antibiotics prescribed for tonsillitis are sufficient for the different organisms on the surface and core of the tonsils. If surface culture is a determinant of bacteriology of the core, then rational therapy could be aimed at organisms cultured by surface swabs.
Aims: To study the correlation of bacteria isolated from the surface and core of the tonsil in chronic tonsillitis and antibiotic sensitivity of the bacterial isolates.
Methods: This was a prospective study carried out on fifty patients, who underwent tonsillectomy for chronic tonsillitis. The swabs obtained from the surface of the tonsil before tonsillectomy and the core of the tonsil post tonsillectomy were sent for isolation of micro-organisms. Antibiotic sensitivity test was performed by Kirby-Bauer Disk Diffusion method on the bacterial isolates.
Results: Bacterial growth was detected in 74% of the total sample, in cultures from the surface or the core tissue or both. 78% of surface samples versus 70% of tonsillar core samples revealed bacterial growth. No pathogens were isolated in 26% of samples. Staphylococcus Aureus and Group A β hemolytic streptococcus were the most commonly isolated organisms. Antibiotics sensitive against these pathogens include Amoxycillin-Clavulanic acid, Cefpodoxime, Amikacin, Levofloxacin, Doxycycline, and Nitrofurantoin.
Conclusion: Our study shows that surface culture does not reliably predict core pathogens in cases of chronic infection. Staphylococcus Aureus and Group A β hemolytic streptococcus were the most commonly isolated organisms from the surface and core of the tonsil. So the antibiotics effective against these organisms should be chosen.
Assessment of Functional Outcome of Distal Radius Fracture Treated with Kirschner’s Wire
Authors: Kandel Sandip , Shrestha Dinesh Kumar , Karki Prateek , Shrestha Sabin , Yogi Sushil 
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Distal radial fractures are most common fracture which accounts 8-15 % of all bony injuries. There is a wide variety of treatment options and selection mainly depends on age, occupation, type of fracture. Fracture realignment is most important element for good functional outcome. Closed reduction and percutaneous k-wire fixation is most convenient method as it is cost effective.
Aims: To evaluate the functional outcome of distal radial fractures treated with closed reduction and percutaneous pinning.
Methods:This prospective observational study was conducted in Nepalgunj medical college Teaching hospital, Kohalpur from September 2021 to August 2022. Patient aged above 18 and below 70 years who had isolated distal radius fracture with k wire fixation. Functional results were assessed at a follow up of 6 months, by modified Gartland and Werley scoring system.
Results: In this study out of 45 cases there were male preponderance 29 (65%). The mean age of our patient was 36.8 (SD±12.80) years. K-wires were removed between four to six weeks of operation depending upon the union and followed for six months. On final follow up variables assessed according to Modified Gartland and Werley scoring system which shows, 25 patients had excellent (51.11%) and 13 good (33.33%) functional outcome. Overall, 84.44% of the patients achieved an excellent to good functional outcome. Still residual pain and dorsal angulation were complications post-operatively and was in acceptable limits in majority of cases.
Conclusion: Closed reduction and percutaneous pinning for distal radius fractures have shown to achieve good functional outcome. Most of the complications after the procedure were within the acceptable limits. Further studies are required to assess its efficacy in various other fracture types.
Pattern of Antibiotic Sensitivity and Resistance in Various Cases of Sepsis in a Mixed Intensive Care Unit set up in a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Sharma Sagun , Adhikari Milan , Basnet Anisha , Khadka Shishir , Das Ram , Bhatta Ashish 
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Sepsis has been shown to be one of the critical reasons for Intensive Care Unit admissions of patients for which early and empirical use of antibiotics have been used. Antibiotics resistance is becoming a matter of serious concern, especially in developing countries like ours. In this study, all the cases those were diagnosed with sepsis and had culture positive results for bacteria have been evaluated.
Aims: To find out the common organisms responsible for sepsis in patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit and to know the antibiotic sensitivity/resistance patterns.
Methods: The study was done from May 2022 to April 2023 in mixed Intensive Care Units on the clinical isolates from blood, urine, sputum, endotracheal tube aspirate, central venous catheter tips and wound swabs and those were sent to microbiology department for culture and sensitivity. All the organisms were identified morphologically and biochemically and antibiotic susceptibility pattern was determined by standard laboratory procedure.
Results: We took a total of 102 samples in which organisms were isolated. The most frequently isolated bacteria were Klebsiella (24.91%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (24.5%), both were sensitive to Doxycycline and Tazobactam-piperacillin in most cases. Other organisms isolated were Escherichia coli (15.69%), Streptococcus (9.8%), Pseudomonas (8.82%), Acinetobacter (6.86%), Enterobacter species (3.92%) and Proteus (0.98%). Azithromycin was found to be the most resistant drug followed by Amoxycillin/clavulanic acid and Levofloxacin.
Conclusion: Klebsiella was found to be the most prevalent cause of sepsis in ICU. Most of the frequently isolated pathogens were resistant to Beta lactamase inhibitors, Cephalosporins and Quinolones. Regular surveillance of antibiotic susceptibility pattern is very important for setting a guideline to the clinician in choosing an appropriate therapy for patients with sepsis.
Pancreatic Tuberculosis: A Case Report
Authors: Shrestha Richa , Sharma Anup , Baidya Pooja , Adhikari Milan 
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Pancreatic tuberculosis is a rare condition even in countries with high tuberculosis prevalence. It can mimic pancreatic carcinoma in symptoms and radiological studied. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis is common in organs like liver, bowel, spleen, peritoneum and mesenteric lymphnodes than pancreas which is suggestive to have protective role because of its secretions.
Case presentation: A 71 year female presented with abdominal pain with no history of pulmonary tuberculosis. Radiological studies suggested pancreatic carcinoma. Laparotomy was performed and Whipple’s pancreatoduodenctomy specimen was sent to histopathology department along with regional lymphnodes. On gross examination, a mass was noted in uncinate process. Histopathological examination revealed chronic inflammatory granulomatous reaction with Langhan’s giant cells and areas of caseous necrosis. The Ziehl Neelsen (ZN) stain confirmed the presence of acid-fast bacilli diagnosing pancreatic tuberculosis.
Conclusion: Tuberculosis should be considered as one of the differential diagnosis of pancreatic masses, especially in immunocompromised patients, as the outcome to antituberculosis treatment is very favorable.
A velhice não é uma totalidade biológica
Authors: Gonzalez Manso Maria Elisa , Michelin Gobbo Laura Emilia 
Published: September 2023

Ageísmo é a visão negativa e aversão direcionadas à pessoa idosa e traduz estereótipos, preconceito e discriminação. Traz inúmeras repercussões à saúde das pessoas idosas, além de ferir sua dignidade e direitos, colocando barreiras de acesso à serviços. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo verificar a presença de ageísmo entre estudantes de medicina em um centro universitário localizado na cidade de São Paulo. Foi aplicado o Questionário Palmore, composto por 23 afirmações que buscam identificar estereótipos ageístas. A pesquisa foi feita durante o primeiro semestre de 2022, contando com a participação de 206 estudantes. Os resultados demonstraram a presença de ageísmo, sendo os estereótipos mais frequentes relacionados à visão da velhice associada à dependência, fragilidade e pobreza. Apesar desta visão predominar, há interpretações positivas sobre o envelhecer, o que mostra compreensão sobre as diversas possibilidades da velhice.
The Diasporic Rejection and Doubleness in Ayesha at Last
Authors: Fayyad Muhammad 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe diasporic issues, including rejection and doubleness of cultural identities, are still existent and requiring attention and solutions. These issues may be expressed in the form of diasporic literature. The article used the concepts of rejection and doubleness of cultural identity to analyze the novel. The researchers analyze the novel Ayesha at Last which contains diasporic characters and issues in order to highlight the problems diasporic people encounter expressed in the novel. The main issues that are analyzed are the diasporic rejection and doubleness of cultural identity. The article found these problems and issues of rejection and doubleness faced by the diasporic characters in the novel. The article concluded that these rejections and doubleness in diaspora found in the novel is an expression of the real world issues the diaspora community faces.
Keywords: Doubleness, Rejection, Diaspora
The research of quality indicators of traffic management in the city using the method of GPS-tracks
Authors: Riabushenko Oleksandr , Sklyarov Mikola , Kashkanov Vital 
Published: September 2023

The choice of rational quality criteria for the organization of road traffic in cities is an urgent task for scientists in the field of road transport, as it directly affects the effectiveness of activities in the field of ensuring the safety and comfort of car traffic in urban conditions. Depending on the goals of the analysis, the complexity of the network, and technical capabilities, the quality of traffic management can be assessed by indicators of the economic efficiency of the transport process, the level of accidents, environmental safety, social attractiveness, etc. The modern level of development of geo-information technologies allows for constant monitoring of the vehicle's speed mode. To obtain characteristics of the quality of traffic organization, experimental studies were conducted on a section of the street-road network of the city of Kharkiv, which corresponds to a typical route of personal transport from a remote sleeping area to the central part of the city.
As a result of data processing of the GPS track, a histogram of the distribution of instantaneous speed and graphs of the car’s movement in the coordinates “time-distance”, “time-speed”, "distance-speed” were built, which allow you to visually assess the mode of movement along the entire route and determine potential "bottlenecks". Such spatio-temporal characteristics as average technical speed, specific time in motion, specific idle time, as well as energy indicators of the quality of traffic management were also calculated: acceleration noise, speed gradient, energy gradient. After dividing the experimental route into separate kilometer sections, changes in the characteristics of the quality of traffic organization, as it approached the city center, were analyzed. On the first half of the route, when moving along the main street, the instability of the speed regime was observed due to stops and idling in the zone of regulated intersections. The presence of a trend towards a decrease in the average technical speed when approaching the city center is explained by an increase in the loading of VDM within the central business part of the city and, as a result, the appearance of additional traffic delays. As we approached the city center, the specific time in motion increased with a slight increase in the specific idle time, and an increase in the speed gradient was also observed with a slight decrease in the energy gradient.
Improvement of the method for determining the fuel consumption of a vehicle operating on alternative fuel
Authors: Gritsuk Igor , Volkov Volodymyr , Pohorletskyi Dmytro , Kuzhel Volodymyr , Volkova Tetiana 
Published: September 2023

The purpose of the conducted research is to improve the method of calculation and determination of both fuel consumption and emissions of harmful substances from the engines of vehicles converted to run on alternative fuel. The article examines the peculiarities of determining fuel consumption and emissions of harmful substances from the engines of vehicles converted to run on alternative fuel. The method of calculating fuel consumption and environmental indicators of vehicles running on alternative fuel has been developed, which is based on a systematic combination of methods and means of obtaining information about the processes and operating conditions of vehicles, which are obtained as a result of remote monitoring of parameters of the technical condition of vehicles. The peculiarity of the method is that it involves the joint use of both existing methods and means of obtaining information on vehicle operation processes, engine thermal parameters, fuel consumption and emissions of harmful substances. This method of calculating both fuel consumption and emissions of harmful substances in the exhaust gases of a vehicle with engines converted to run on gas fuel allows to evaluate the efficiency of the operation of the vehicle engine thanks to the analysis of current and total values of indicators of fuel consumption and emissions of harmful substances in processes pre-launch and post-launch thermal preparation and during its movement in the driving cycle and during movement on the route.
In the work, the authors proposed to use the fuel consumption coefficients for both liquid and gaseous fuels to determine the fuel consumption in operating conditions, which make it possible to abstract from the dimensions. For the vehicle engine cooling system, it is proposed to measure fuel efficiency and other environmental indicators according to existing methods in several modes of heating the coolant up to a temperature of 50°C.
Design design of technical systems
Authors: Zinko Roman , Cherevko Yury , Beshley Andrii , Polyakov Andriy 
Published: September 2023

The improvement of the methods of reducing dynamic loads in the elements of self-propelled transport machines and transported goods is based on the results of the analysis of dynamic phenomena that occur during their operation, which is due to the growth of load, increase of working speeds, combination of loading and unloading operations with other technological operations, increase in productivity.
To prevent damage and ensure traffic safety, packaging and artificial cargoes are secured in car bodies, train carriages and ship holds with wire ties, thrust and spacer bars, tying and other methods.
But during transportation, as a result of stretching and breaking of stretch marks and pulling out of nails, goods are damaged, moving in a body, wagon or hold. Therefore, it is very important at the design stage of the fastening structure to establish the possible movement of the load, as well as to ensure it within the given limits in order to prevent damage to the load.
The authors proposed a method of calculating load fluctuations in the body of a truck using the example of two loads of different weights. A kinematic diagram of a self-propelled transport machine with sequential elastic coupling of transported loads was built and a study of nonlinear horizontal oscillations of a loosely secured load during the movement of the vehicle was carried out.
According to the results of the research, graphs of the dependences of the dimensionless amplitude of the weight of the load relative to other loads depending on the gap between the fasteners were constructed. Maps of regions of stable movements are constructed and the region of unstable movements of loads is shown. It is noted that although such an area of unstable movements is quite small, but under certain conditions of movement of the vehicle and weakly secured cargo, phenomena can occur that can cause a traffic accident.
Decreta caelestia versus princeps bonus w świetle "Res Gestae" Ammiana Marcellina
Authors: Bralewski Sławomir 
Published: September 2023

Ammian Marcellin w Res Gestae uczynił z cesarza Juliana wzór dobrego władcy, mimo że bogowie zadecydowali o klęsce jego wyprawy perskiej, w której on sam poniósł śmierć. Dokonując oceny jego charakteru przypisał mu konkretny katalog cnót. Na ich czele znalazły się najpierw cztery cnoty kardynalne: temperantia, prudentia, iustitia i fortitudo, które zostały uzupełnione dodatkowo przez scientia rei militaris, auctoritas, felicitas i liberalitas. Zabrakło wśród nich pietas, należącej w przekonaniu Rzymian do zasadniczych cnót moralnych, która w epoce cesarstwa stała się kardynalną cnotą imperatorów. Kwestia ta nie znalazła dotychczas należytego wyjaśnienia. Analizując przekaz Ammiana Marcellina autor artykułu wykazał, że Ammian Marcellin zrezygnował z pietas, gdyż powszechnie była znana przesada z jaką Julian celebrował kulty tradycyjne. Tym bardziej że tego typu nadużycia generowały oskarżenie o superstitio. Niewątpliwie Ammian był zafascynowany postacią cesarza, widząc w jego postępowaniu wzór do naśladowania dla innych panujących. Zależność felicitas od pietas stanowiła jednak dla niego poważny kłopot, wymagający rozwiązania. Postanowił więc zrezygnować z lansowania pobożności Juliana jako cnoty cesarskiej. Nie chciał wszelako jego klęski tłumaczyć bezbożnością. Znalazł więc wyjaśnienie, które cesarza nie obciążało, a był nim kapryśny charakter Fortuny.
POSSIBILIDADE DE TEMATIZAÇÃO DA DANÇA NA EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA CULTURAL
Authors: Dias Juliana Luzia , Bisconsini Camila Rinaldi 
Published: September 2023

O ensino da dança nas aulas de Educação Física ainda enfrenta desafios pois há docentes que não vislumbram situações didáticas para esse processo. Logo, o objetivo geral foi explorar possibilidades de tematização da dança na Educação Física culturalmente orientada. A organização das aulas foi delineada a partir de experiências de ensino durante o estágio curricular de uma das pesquisadoras. A tematização do conteúdo dança para o Ensino Fundamental II, sob a perspectiva do currículo cultural, buscou superar as coreografias ensaiadas com movimentos mecânicos em datas comemorativas na escola. A partir da pluralidade cultural presente em diferentes manifestações de dança, consideramos que é possível desnaturalizar práticas culturais hegemônicas, que costumam desconsiderar diversas manifestações culturais que integram o cenário escolar.