bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of a Compton backscattering wall defects detection device using the Monte Carlo method
Authors: Qin Xuan , Yang Jianbo , Du Zhengcong , Xu Jie , Li Rui , Li Hui , Liu Qi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In view of the shortcomings of traditional wall defect detection methods, such as small detection range, poor accuracy, non-portable device, and so on, a wall defects detection device based on Compton backscattering technology is designed by Monte Carlo method, which is mainly used to detect the size and location information of defects in concrete walls. It mainly consists of two parts, the source container and the detection system: first, through the simulation and analysis of the parameters such as the receiving angle of the backscattered particles and the rear collimating material of the detector, the influence of the fluorescent X-ray peak of the detector collimating material on the backscattered particle counts is eliminated and the detected error is reduced; second, the ring array detector design, compared with single array detector and surface array detector, can facilitate real-time detection of defect orientation, expanding the single scan range and improving the detection efficiency. After simulation and comparative analysis, the relevant optimal parameters are obtained: the object is detected using a Cs-137 γ-ray source with an activity of 6 mCi, and a ring detector consisting of four 0.5-inch cube-shaped CsI scintillator detectors is placed at 150° to receive the backscattered photons. The simulation analysis using the Monte Carlo FLUKA program showed that the maximum depth of wall defect detection is 8 cm, the maximum error fluctuation range of defect depth and thickness is ±1 cm, the overall device weight is <20 kg, and the measurement time is <5 min.
Stapes surgery for otosclerosis: Comparison of two techniques
Authors: Jacobo-Pinelli Regina , Guerrero-Paz José Alberto , Lugo-Machado Juan Antonio , Pérez Martha Lucía Gutiérrez , Sainz-Fuentes Noemí , Arellano-Rodríguez Irene del Carmen , Canche-Martín Edwin Miguel , Reina-Loaiza Jose Roberto , Rodríguez-Quintana Oscar Said , Rodríguez-Romero Pedro Alberto 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

BACKGROUND. Otosclerosis is a primary disease of the human otic capsule and stapes stage, being a frequent cause of conductive hearing loss in our country. The surgical treatment of choice is stapes surgery and prosthesis placement, performed in a conventional way, with a surgical microscope, for 30 years in our hospital. Recently, the option of performing stapes surgery endoscopically was introduced in our centre.

OBJECTIVE. To evaluate the results in stapes surgery for otosclerosis between the conventional microscopic versus endoscopic procedure.

MATERIAL AND METHODS. An observational, analytical and retrospective study on patients undergoing stapes surgery with microscopic and endoscopic technique was conducted. Data such as age, sex, state of origin, affected ear, as well as the technique used, duration of surgical intervention, hearing gain and postsurgical complications were taken. Data were taken from the records of patients admitted to the hospital. Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U and Pearson’s Ji2, were used, considering a value of p≤ 0.05 as significant.

RESULTS. No significant differences were found in surgical time or postoperative hearing between the two surgical techniques. The female sex was the most intervened. There was no significant difference between the post-surgical complications of both groups.

CONCLUSION. Both procedures appear to be effective, with similar risks and postoperative results for the surgical treatment of otosclerosis.
Orbital cellulitis - complication of an untreated rhinosinusitis: Case report
Authors: Lapusneanu Lucian , Dobre Elena , Naca Andreea , Lapusneanu Luciana , Arjoca Sebastian-Ionut 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Sinusitis not properly treated can generate multiple complications. Among these complications, oculo-orbital manifestations can be difficult to treat and can lead to vision loss, despite modern antibiotic therapy.
In this paper, we aimed to discuss the orbital complications of rhinosinusitis, especially orbital cellulitis, and the method of treatment, highlighted by the presentation of a clinical case diagnosed and treated medically and surgically in the ENT and Ophthalmology Departments, within the Braila County Emergency Clinical Hospital.
Respeto por el colega
Authors: Maya Mejía José María 
Published: April 2023

Presentación del caso de un médico especialista, que solicita al director del hospital se revise su asignación salarial, porque ha encontrado que esta es igual a la de otros especialistas y él considera que es injusto, dado que las actividades que realiza en la institución son más complejas y producen más estrés que las llevadas a cabo porsus colegas.El médico director lleva el caso a estudio por parte de la comisión de personal del hospital y del comité de ética hospitalaria. Ambos comités estudian la solicitud y emiten el concepto al médico director para la toma de decisiones al respecto.
Se analiza el caso desde la perspectiva de ética médica y de las buenas prácticas en el manejo y la remuneración del talento humano en salud.
NIILISMO, SUICÍDIO E VALOR DA VIDA EM SCHOPENHAUER
Authors: Pavão Aguinaldo 
Published: April 2023

O artigo propõe-se a apresentar e discutir o niilismo ínsito na filosofia de Schopenhauer. Defende-se uma necessária distinção entre dois tipos de niilismo, um que visa a afirmar verdades axiologicamente neutras sobre o mundo e a existência, outro que se compromete com uma tese valorativa que considera a negação da vontade o maior objetivo moral. O pessimismo metafísico, cuja tese básica consiste em arguir que a não existência é preferível à existência, incorpora os dois tipos de niilismo mencionados. O pessimismo schopenhaueriano tanto defende que toda vida é sofrimento quanto um caminho exclusivo para a redenção, a negação da vontade. Associados ao niilismo e ao pessimismo estão os temas do valor (na verdade, desvalor) da vida e da reprovação do suicídio. A hipótese do artigo é que há deficiências consideráveis na filosofia schopenhaueriana em torno desses tópicos, especialmente a transição entre as teses descritivas e as teses valorativas que compreendem os dois momentos de seu niilismo.
Penerapan Metode Six Sigma dalam Menganalisis dan Menanggulangi Defect Rate pada Pengelasan Tubular
Authors: Febriansyah Febriansyah , Ilmi Nurul , Lawi Ansarullah 
Published: April 2023

PT XYZ merupakan perusahaan general contractor untuk manufacturing, refinery, industrial, marine, oil and gas, yang menjalankan proyek welding tubular. Target untuk mencapai sasaran mutu perusahaan menjadikan PT XYZ selalu berusaha untuk mencapai dan menghasilkan produk yang berkualitas, aman, dan dapat memenuhi persyaratan pelanggan dengan harga yang kompetitif. Diketahui PT XYZ memiliki tingkat repair rate yang sangat tinggi berdasarkan record data per welder yang dilakukan pada pengujian ultrasonic test (UT). Hal ini sangat merugikan perusahan karena tingginya biaya dan waktu yang diperlukan untuk repair. Usaha untuk menurunkan defect rate hingga mencapai zero defect, dilakukan dengan menerapkan metode Six Sigma dalam sistem welding produksi. Tingkat proporsi defect yang terjadi dalam pengelasan tubular ini adalah sebesar 21% pada periode pengelasan selama 6 (enam) minggu. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan 5 (lima) tahapan analisis six sigma yaitu DMAIC atau define, measure, analyze, improve dan control. Hasilnya diketahui penyebab terjadinya tingginya defect, hasil analisis, dan tindakan-tindakan yang perlu dilakukan dalam menanggulangi defect serta mengetahui nilai rata-rata sigma sebesar 3.30 setelah dilakukannya analisis.
Review of modern ceramic cellular materials and composites used in heat engineering
Authors: Soloveva O. V. , Solovev S. A. , Shakurova R. Z. 
Published: April 2023

THE PURPOSE. Cellular ceramic materials and composites have found application in many industries: energy, chemical industry, construction, aerospace. Due to their high thermomechanical properties, resistance to high temperatures and low density, cellular ceramic materials are widely used as heat exchangers for heat recovery from exhaust gases of gas turbine engines, combined-cycle plants, industrial furnaces, etc. The purpose of this work is to review modern cellular ceramic materials and composites used in heat engineering and having different structure, properties and chemical composition.METHODS. We have carried out a broad review of the literature on ceramic cellular materials and composites. We studied both domestic and foreign literature.RESULTS. The analysis of cellular ceramic materials with a regular (lattices) and random (foam) structure has been carried out. The main factors influencing the properties of ceramic foams and lattices are analyzed. Also, the main methods for the production of ceramic materials were studied, their advantages and disadvantages were revealed. A review of modern composite materials based on a ceramic matrix reinforced with carbon nanotubes, graphene nanoplates, and carbon fibers has been carried out.CONCLUSION. The properties of ceramic cellular materials, as well as their areas of application, depend on the production methods and the structure of the material. Open-cell foams are used as filters, heat exchangers, while closed-cell foams are used as thermal insulation. Applications for ceramic lattices are limited by the precision, resolution, and size of 3D printing. Thus, the improvement of additive manufacturing technologies will improve the characteristics of ceramic gratings and expand their areas of application.
Penyuluhan E-Commerce untuk Mendorong Ekonomi Digital Dalam Rangka Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat pada Pemuda Tridharma Indonesia Cabang Wihara Dharma Pala
Authors: Kurnia Yusuf , Riki  , Giap Yo Ceng , Hermawan Aditiya , Gustayo Teven 
Published: April 2023

Perkembangan teknologi informasi di era revolusi 4.0 memberikan dampak yang signifikan terhadap perekonomian Indonesia. Platform digital dalam mendukung kegiatan perekonomian dan pemenuhan kebutuhan masyarakat bertumbuh dengan cepat dengan dukungan internet. dengan diterapkannya teknologi baru akan berdampak pada produkvitas dan menurunkan biaya produksi yang akan meningkatkan daya beli sehingga akan tercipta lapangan kerja baru. Metode kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini dilakukan melalui 4 tahapan (metode) yaitu metode sosialisasi, metode demonstrasi, metode praktek/latihan, evaluasi kegiatan. Pelaksanaan PkM ini melibatkan mitra kerjasama, yaitu Wihara Dharma Pala yang beralamat di Jl. Ir. Soekarno Kp, Jl. Raya Rawa Kompeni No.66, RT.003/RW.008, Benda, Kec. Benda, Kota Tangerang, Banten 15125. Tim pelaksana kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) terdiri dari 4 orang dosen & 1 orang mahasiswa. Tim dosen pelaksana Pkm terdiri atas dosen-dosen yang memiliki keterampilan & kemampuan dibidang teknologi informasi yang sesuai dengan tema PkM yang dilaksanakan serta memiliki kualifikasi akademik. Dari hasil hasil evaluasi yang dilakukan oleh Tim Pelaksana, dapat disimpulkan hal bahwa mayoritas peserta yang mengikuti kegiatan ini, sudah mengetahui tentang E-Commerce dan peserta masih kurang pengalaman dalam menggunakan layanan E-commerce seperti Market Place.
PARENTING EDUCATION DALAM MEMBENTUK KARAKTER ANAK USIA DINI DI PAUD AL-AKRAM DESA SEPAPAN KECAMATAN JEROWARU KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR
Authors: Suharyani Suharyani 
Published: April 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dampak Program Parenting Education dalam membentuk karakter Anak Usia Dini di PAUD Al-Akram”. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian lapangan yang bersifat kuantitatif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini meliputi orang tua siswa, anak didik, guru dan pengelola. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah non-probability sampling. Variabel-variabel dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari variabel bebas (variabel independen) adalah parenting education dan variabel terikat (variabel dependen) adalah pembentukan karakter. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah angket dan observasi sebagai teknik utama dan dokumentasi sebagai teknik pendukung. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah Regresi Linier Sederhana dengan bantuan Program SPSS Versi 26. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Berdasarkan nilai signifikansi dari tabel coefficients diperoleh nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,032 < 0,05, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa variable Parenting Educations (X) berpengaruh terhadap variable Karakter Anak Usia Dini (Y). Berdasarkan nilai t : diketahui nilai t hitung sebesar 2,265 > dari t table sebesar 2,052 sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa variable Parenting Educations (X) berpengaruh terhadap variable Karakter Anak Usia Dini (Y).
PROFIL KEMAMPUAN LITERASI MATEMATIKA SISWA BERDASARKAN GAYA KOGNITIF
Authors: Yazidah Nok Izatul , Nurhasanah Nurhasanah , Saputra Nisvu Nanda 
Published: April 2023

This type of research used is descriptive research with a qualitative approach because the purpose of this study was to describe the profile of students ' mathematical literacy abilities based on cognitive style. This research was conducted at SMA Dr. Soetomo Surabaya in the 2022/2023 academik year. The subjects of this study were four students of X-MIPA 1 grade, namely one male FI student, one female FI student, one male FD student, and one female FD student. The research instrument was a test of students’ mathematical literacy based on PISA indicators. Mathematical literacy indicators are based on six levels of students’ mathematical literacy. Based on the analysis of the data on the results of the mathematical literacy test, it was obtained a profile description of the mathematical literacy ability of Dr. Soetomo High School namely (1) independent field students are able to work effectively with models in concrete but complex situation, present different information and relate it to real situation. Meanwhile (2) field dependent students are able to carry out the procedures well and choose and apply simple problem solving strategies and can interprete and represent situations.
Active exoskeleton reduces erector spinae muscle activity during lifting
Authors: Walter Tobias , Stutzig Norman , Siebert Tobias 
Published: April 2023

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are a widespread problem, often regarding the lumbar region. Exoskeletons designed to support the lower back could be used in physically demanding professions with the intention of reducing the strain on the musculoskeletal system, e.g., by lowering task-related muscle activation. The present study aims to investigate the effect of an active exoskeleton on back muscle activity when lifting weights. Within the framework of the study, 14 subjects were asked to lift a 15 kg box with and without an active exoskeleton which allows the adjustment of different levels of support, while the activity of their M. erector spinae (MES) was measured using surface electromyography. Additionally, the subjects were asked about their overall rating of perceived exertion (RPE) during lifting under various conditions. Using the exoskeleton with the maximum level of support, the muscle activity was significantly lower than without exoskeleton. A significant correlation was found between the exoskeleton’s support level and the reduction of MES activity. The higher the support level, the lower the observed muscle activity. Furthermore, when lifting with the maximum level of support, RPE was found to be significantly lower than without exoskeleton too. A reduction in the MES activity indicates actual support for the movement task and might indicate lower compression forces in the lumbar region. It is concluded that the active exoskeleton supports people noticeably when lifting heavy weights. Exoskeletons seem to be a powerful tool for reducing load during physically demanding jobs and thus, their use might be helpful in lowering the risk of MSD.
Extracellular vesicles: an emerging player in retinal homeostasis
Authors: Chatterjee Amit , Singh Ruchira 
Published: April 2023

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) encompass secreted membrane vesicles of varied sizes, including exosomes (−30–200 nm) and microvesicles (MVs) that are ∼100–1,000 nm in size. EVs play an important role in autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine signaling and are implicated in myriad human disorders including prominent retinal degenerative diseases, like age related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR). Studies of EVs in vitro using transformed cell lines, primary cultures, and more recently, induced pluripotent stem cell derived retinal cell type(s) (e.g., retinal pigment epithelium) have provided insights into the composition and function of EVs in the retina. Furthermore, consistent with a causal role of EVs in retinal degenerative diseases, altering EV composition has promoted pro-retinopathy cellular and molecular events in both in vitro and in vivo models. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the role of EVs in retinal (patho)physiology. Specifically, we will focus on disease-associated EV alterations in specific retinal diseases. Furthermore, we discuss the potential utility of EVs in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for targeting retinal diseases.
Characterization of fliR-deletion mutant ΔfliR from Vibrio alginolyticus and the evaluation as a live attenuated vaccine
Authors: Da Fan , Wan Xiaoju , Lin Guixiang , Jian Jichang , Cai Shuanghu 
Published: April 2023

Vibrio alginolyticus is the common pathogen affecting various species of marine organisms. It has been demonstrated that fliR is a necessary virulence factor to adhere and infect their hosts for pathogenic bacteria. Frequent disease outbreaks in aquaculture have highlighted the necessity of developing effective vaccines. In the present study, in order to investigate the function of fliR in V.alginolyticus, the fliR deletion mutant ΔfliR was constructed and its biological properties were evaluated, additionally, the differences in gene expression levels between wild-type and ΔfliR were analyzed by transcriptomics. Finally, ΔfliR was used as a live attenuated vaccine to immunize grouper via the intraperitoneal route to evaluate its protective effect. Results show that fliR gene of V. alginolyticus was identified as being 783 bp in length, encoding 260 amino acids, and showing significant similarity to homologs of other Vibrio species. The fliR-deletion mutant ΔfliR of V. alginolyticus was successfully constructed, and its biological phenotype analysis showed no significant differences in growth capacity and extracellular enzyme activity compared to the wild-type. However, a substantial reduction of motility ability was detected in ΔfliR. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the absence of fliR gene is responsible for a significantly decreased expression of flagellar genes, including flaA, flaB, fliS, flhB and fliM. The fliR-deletion mainly affects the related pathways involved in cell motility, membrane transport, signal transduction, carbohydrate metabolism, and amino acid metabolism in V. alginolyticus. The efficacy of ΔfliR as a candidate of live attenuated vaccine were evaluated by intraperitoneal injection in grouper. The ΔfliR provided the RPS (Relative protection rate) of 67.2% against V. alginolyticus in groupers. The ΔfliR efficiently stimulated antibody production with specific IgM still detected at 42 d post-vaccination, and significantly elevated the activity of antioxidant enzymes like Catalase (CAT), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the serum. The higher expression levels of immune-related genes were observed in the immune tissues of inoculated grouper compared to the control. In conclusion, ΔfliR effectively improved the immunity of inoculated fish. The results suggest that ΔfliR is an effective live attenuated vaccine against vibriosis in in grouper.
Climate risk assessment of the Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima coastal Region (Morocco)
Authors: Agharroud Kamal , Puddu Manuela , Ivčević Ante , Satta Alessio , Kolker Alexander S. , Snoussi Maria 
Published: April 2023

Coastal zones occupy a prominent position in the sustainable management perspective of Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima (TTA) region because they accommodate a majority of the region’s population and contribute to the economic wellbeing of local communities. High demographic and economic pressures associated to climatic and environmental factors increase and intensify the vulnerability of these coastal areas. The latter are severely affected by climate change implications in the course of time, which lead to damage and loss in coastal low-lying zones. In practice, the risks related to climate change, as coastal risks, are frequently addressed, and assessing coastal risk in the context of climate change is a research priority. The aim of this work is to evaluate the flooding risk of TTA coasts, taking into account the inundation level related to the conditions of extreme wave (return period of 100-year) and extreme sea level rise. We firstly defined the coastal hazard zone that corresponds to the maximum inundation level of 13 m for the whole area. We then applied a Coastal Risk Index application at the Local Scale (CRI-LS) methodology to calculate forcing, vulnerability, exposure and risk indices using nineteen physical, environmental and socioeconomical variables. Findings show that coastal hazard zone of Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima region is extremely exposed to coastal forcing. More than 50% of the hazard zones indicates highly vulnerable zones and highest exposure is generally focused on the most populated urban zones. In the light of this, the coastal risk mapping shows hotspot zones in terms of climate change-related coastal risks located at Tangier Bay, south of Tangier city, Fnideq and Martil coasts, Tetouan city and north of Ksar El Kbir city. This paper corresponds to a useful support that can help policy-makers in decision-making to quietly follow coastal planning and management processes and participate in preserving coastal areas for future generations, which support the sustainable development goals of Agenda 2030 started by the United Nations with the goal of eradicating all kinds of poverty.