bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the odyssey of the irregular Ghanaian migrant: Risk framing, mitigation and resilience strategies in an uncertain venture1
Authors: Kuditchar Nene‐Lomotey 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis paper qualitatively probed the risk framing, mitigation and resilience strategies of irregular migrants in a bid to unravel the paradox of how such actors, perceived to be poor and as such may lack ideational and financial agency, with no guarantees of success, can (persistently) operationalize and undertake costly, illegal and dangerous international journeys. Drawing on responses from Europe‐based, deported and prospective first‐time irregular migrants either hailing from or domiciled in the Bono East, Bono and Ahafo Regions of Ghana, the findings of this study demonstrate that all three categories of respondents were risk‐neutral, had risk mitigation and resilient strategies enabled by, among others, involvement in informal/illegal solidaristic economic ventures, the utilization of extended family associational norms, trust in the efficacy of irregular migration service providers as against that of foreign missions and faith in providence.
Association Between Resting Heart Rate and the Risk of Incident Hypertension Among Older Chinese Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Lou Shiyu , Yu Zihan , Song Yizhu , Liu Dechen 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTExamining the role of resting heart rate (RHR) in hypertension risk could improve our understanding of its pathogenesis. However, most relevant studies have been conducted in developed countries such as the United States and Brazil, with no evidence for the older Chinese population. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between RHR and the risk of developing hypertension in an older Chinese population. A total of 3836 participants from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) were included in this prospective study. Using Cox proportional hazard models, the association between RHR and the risk of incident hypertension was evaluated, with results expressed as hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Multiplicative interaction effects were analyzed for RHR with age, sex, and regular exercise, and subgroup analyses of the association were also conducted based on these factors. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate the robustness of the results. During a 4.86‐year follow‐up, 1449 incident cases of hypertension occurred. Every 10 beats per min increase in RHR was associated with a 6% higher risk of incident hypertension (HR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01–1.12). Subgroup analyses demonstrated significant associations in women, participants aged ≥80, and those who did not exercise regularly. The sensitivity analyses confirmed the consistency of these results. These findings indicate that a faster RHR is associated with a higher risk of incident hypertension in the older Chinese population, suggesting its potential use in identifying older individuals at greater risk of incident hypertension.
Diet and trophic structure of fishes in the Barents Sea: between empty and full stomachs – large individual variability follows a common pattern
Authors: Skjoldal Hein Rune , Eriksen Elena , Ono Kotaro , Dolgov Andrey 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMore than 27,000 stomachs from 70 species of fish were collected from the Barents Sea in 2015. Quantitative stomach content expressed relative to the body weight of the predator fish (g g−1 as %) varied by four to five orders of magnitude for six species with the largest sample size (Atlantic cod Gadus morhua, haddock Melanogrammus aeglefinus, Greenland halibut Reinhardtius hippoglossoides, long rough dab Hippoglossoides platessoides, polar cod Boreogadus saida, and Atlantic capelin Mallotus villosus). The quantitative stomach contents of individual fish followed a common and strict statistical relationship for predator species or groups of species (by families), and for prey categories across predator species. The common pattern was log‐normal‐like and was modelled with good fit by different types of right‐skewed distributions, that is, variants of the Box–Cox, generalized inverse Gaussian, inverse gamma, or gamma distributions. The long tail in the high end reflects high variation with no clear sign of a plateau, as could be expected from the concept of a “full stomach”. This is interpreted to reflect that high stomach contents are rare events that are sampled at low frequencies. The maximum recorded stomach content varied from 1% to 34% of body weight for 55 species of fish, being positively correlated (R2 = 0.45) with sample size. About a third of the stomachs were empty, and the low tail of the log‐normal‐like distribution represents the transition to empty stomachs. The amount of food in the stomachs was overall low compared to maximum values, with mean and median of 2.0% and 1.1%, respectively, for the 17,873 stomachs containing food. Supported by bioenergetic considerations, this suggests relatively low feeding rates of the various fish predators but sufficient to meet their energy demands.
Using Zebrafish Models to Study Epitranscriptomic Regulation of CNS Functions
Authors: Jiang Jiayou , Zhang Yunqian , Wang Jiyi , Qin Yixin , Zhao Chonguang , He Kai , Wang Chaoming , Liu Yucheng , Feng Haoyu , Cai Huiling , He Shulei , Li Ruiyu , Galstyan David S. , Yang Longen , Lim Lee Wei , de Abreu Murilo S. , Kalueff Allan V. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTEpitranscriptomic regulation of cell functions involves multiple post‐transcriptional chemical modifications of coding and non‐coding RNA that are increasingly recognized in studying human brain disorders. Although rodent models are presently widely used in neuroepitranscriptomic research, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) has emerged as a useful and promising alternative model species. Mounting evidence supports the importance of RNA modifications in zebrafish CNS function, providing additional insights into epitranscriptomic mechanisms underlying a wide range of brain disorders. Here, we discuss recent data on the role of RNA modifications in CNS regulation, with a particular focus on zebrafish models, as well as evaluate current problems, challenges, and future directions of research in this field of molecular neurochemistry.image
Moroccan Adaptation of the ‘Self‐Care Behaviour Assessment Scale’ for Arteriovenous Fistula in Haemodialysis
Authors: Loubna Mazzi , Abdelhafid Benksim , Mounia Amane , Sousa Clemente Neves , Mohamed Cherkaoui 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundArteriovenous fistula self‐care behaviours in patients receiving haemodialysis are essential to maintain patency of vascular access and prevent its life‐threatening complications. Assessing arteriovenous fistula self‐care behaviours in patients receiving haemodialysis requires a reliable and valid tool.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to adapt and translate the Portuguese scale for the assessment of self‐care behaviours of arteriovenous fistula in patients receiving haemodialysis into the Moroccan dialect and evaluate its psychometric properties in the Moroccan context.DesignA quantitative cross‐sectional validation study.ParticipantsThis study included 283 patients undergoing haemodialysis with arteriovenous fistula in the Marrakech‐Safi region of Morocco.MeasurementsThe translation was performed in accordance with international guidelines. Instrument validity was assessed using content validity and factor analysis with Varimax rotation for construct validity. Instrument reliability was assessed by measuring internal consistency using Cronbach's α.ResultsContent validity was assessed by a panel of experts. The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin score of 0.885 justified data adaptation for factorial analysis. Bartlett's sphericity test confirmed the existence of significant relationships (chi‐square = 1347.328; p < 0.001). A two‐factor structure was extracted, explaining 50.85% of the total variance. Cronbach's α was 0.892, 0.853 and 0.752 for the overall scale, the self‐care subscale for managing signs and symptoms and the self‐care subscale for preventing complications, respectively.ConclusionThe Moroccan version of the Self‐Care Behaviour Assessment Scale for Arteriovenous Fistula is a reliable and valid instrument for future studies evaluating the self‐care behaviours of patients receiving haemodialysis with an arteriovenous fistula in Morocco.
Phylogenetic Analysis of Diaporthe destruens Isolates From Various Regions in Japan
Authors: Hashimoto Shuichi , Kawabe Masato , Yoshida Shigenobu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSweet potato foot rot, caused by Diaporthe destruens, has been recently reported in various regions in Japan. To investigate genetic diversity of D. destruens within Japan, 135 isolates of D. destruens were collected in 12 prefectures in Japan, and ITS, TUB, TEF, H3 and CAL regions were sequenced. In all regions, there was no difference of sequence among all collected isolates, implying high genetic homogeneity of the fungus spread in Japan. A phylogenetic tree was constructed for ITS sequence with other strains registered in NCBI database. In the tree, our samples were positioned closely to samples in Korea and China but distant from most of the samples in Taiwan. Our study implies genetic relationships between D. destruens strains in Japan and other countries.
Host Specificity and Geographic Dispersion Shape Virome Diversity in Rhinolophus Bats
Authors: Wang Daxi , Li Linmiao , Ren Zirui , Yu Yepin , Zhang Zhipeng , Zhou Jiabin , Zhao Hailong , Zhao Zhiwen , Shi Peibo , Mi Xinrui , Jin Xin , Deng Ziqing , Li Junhua , Chen Jinping 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTRhinolophus bats have been identified as natural reservoirs for viruses with global health implications, including severe acute respiratory syndrome–related coronaviruses (SARSr‐CoV) and swine acute diarrhoea syndrome‐related coronavirus (SADSr‐CoV). In this study, we characterised the individual viromes of 603 bats to systematically investigate the diversity, abundance and geographic distribution of viral communities within R. affinis, R. sinicus and 11 other bat species. The massive metatranscriptomic data revealed substantial viral genome resources of 133 vertebrate‐infecting viral clusters, which contain occasional cross‐species transmission across mammalian orders and especially across bat families. Notably, those viruses included nine clusters closely related to human and/or livestock pathogens, such as SARS‐CoVs and SADS‐CoVs. The investigation also highlighted distinct features of viral diversity between and within bat colonies, which appear to be influenced by the distinct host population genetics of R. affinis and R. sinicus species. The comparison of SARSr‐CoVs further showed varied impact of host specificity along genome‐wide diversification and modular viral evolution among Rhinolophus species. Overall, the findings point to a complex interaction between host genetic diversity, and the way viruses spread and structure within natural populations, calling for continued surveillance efforts to understand factors driving viral transmission and emergence in human populations. These results present the underestimated spillover risk of bat viruses, highlighting the importance of enhancing preparedness and surveillance for emerging zoonotic viruses.
A trope‐theoretic solution to the missing value problem
Authors: Audi Paul 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOne metaphysical problem about laws is how to find appropriate truthmakers for fully general functional laws. What makes it true, for instance, that an uninstantiated mass would interact with others as prescribed by laws concerning mass? This is the missing value problem. D. M. Armstrong attempted to solve it by appeal to determinable universals. I will offer a trope‐theoretic solution that, while in some ways more metaphysically adventurous than Armstrong's view, avoids commitment to universals and determinables (as different from their determinates). The solution makes use of a special conception of tropes as capable of intrinsic change. It also makes use of a distinction between two ways of having a causal power (a distinction we should make in any case). Existing powers‐based approaches to the problem struggle to avoid the idea that powers mysteriously point beyond themselves. But if tropes are capable of intrinsic change in the way I propose, they can account for the full generality of laws with minimal pointing beyond, and can do so while retaining natures that are credibly intrinsic.
2D and 3D Classification Systems for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Clinical Implications and Technological Advances
Authors: Wei Wenqing , Cheng Liang , Dong Yating , Zhang Tianyuan , Deng Yaolong , Gong Jiale , Xie Fang , Yang Junlin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTClassification systems for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) play an important role in guiding both surgical planning and conservative treatments. Traditional 2D classification systems, such as the Lenke, King and Lehnert‐Schroth classifications, have been widely used for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of scoliosis. However, with the growing understanding of the three‐dimensional nature of scoliosis and advancements in 3D reconstruction technologies, 3D classification systems are gaining increasing attention. This paper reviews the current applications, advantages, and limitations of different 2D and 3D classification systems, focusing on their clinical significance in treatment planning. While 3D classification systems offer clear advantages in capturing the complexity of spinal deformities, their clinical implementation faces challenges such as high costs and technical complexity. Additionally, studies show that computer‐assisted technologies, artificial intelligence can significantly improve the accuracy and consistency of classification systems, reducing human errors. The paper also explores the future directions of classification system development, emphasizing the potential of combining 2D and 3D technologies and the impact of these advancements on personalized scoliosis treatment.
Citizens' Inclusion in Public Services: A Systematic Review of the Public Administration Literature and Reflection on Future Research Avenues
Authors: Licsandru Tana , Meliou Elina , Steccolini Ileana , Chang SinMun 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDespite a resurgence of interest in social equity, citizens' inclusion in public services has attracted limited attention in the public administration literature so far, having often remained in the background of studies focusing on citizens' participation and representative bureaucracy. To fully comprehend and enhance the role of public administration in promoting inclusive public services and building inclusive societies, it is necessary to prioritize citizens' inclusion in public services as a central phenomenon. A first step in this direction is assessing existing knowledge and identifying new research avenues. Drawing on the “name, blame, claim” framework, this systematic literature review of 119 studies extends public administration scholarship by mapping and analyzing knowledge of citizens' inclusion in public services and identifying ways forward to strengthen the research and practice in this area.
Framing, Filtering and Fixing: The Ethics of Risk Communication
Authors: John Stephen 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThere are many puzzles about whether and how to communicate risk information, particularly in public health and medical settings. This paper does three things. First, it suggests a model for whether and how to communicate risk which balances concerns about autonomy and concerns about beneficence. Second, it argues that in the case of risk communication, there are also difficult questions, stemming from the reference class problem, about what risks to communicate. Third, it uses the Justified Misalignments framework developed in the first part of the paper to address these puzzles.
Identity Pathology and Emptiness as Novel Predictors of Suicidal Ideation
Authors: Meddaoui Brianna , Stewart Jeremy G. , Kaufman Erin A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTEmptiness and identity pathology are understudied clinical constructs that overlap, co‐occur, and predict suicidal ideation (SI). However, specific risk pathways have yet to be formally tested.AimWe examined whether identity pathology was indirectly associated with future SI via emptiness, and tested impulsivity and emotion dysregulation as moderators.MethodsParticipants (N = 251) completed baseline questionnaires assessing SI, borderline personality disorder symptoms, emotion dysregulation, and impulsivity, and SI 2 months later.ResultsIdentity pathology was indirectly associated with future SI via emptiness, controlling for baseline SI (β = 0.15, Bootstrap 95% CI = [0.06, 0.24]). There was a two‐way interaction between emptiness and both poor use of emotion regulation strategies (β = 0.06, p < 0.001) and impulsive lack of premeditation (β = 0.09, p = 0.03) predicting SI.ConclusionThose with greater identity pathology were more likely to experience emptiness, which was in turn associated with future SI. Participants who felt empty were also more likely to experience SI when they also reported an inability to use emotion regulation strategies and a tendency to act without considering the consequences. We provide preliminary support for an untested risk pathway for SI, highlighting the need to further study these important experiences.
A Prospective Study on Maximal Oxygen Uptake and Cardiovascular Functions in 12‐Year‐Old Endurance Athletes and Their Non‐Endurance‐Trained Peers
Authors: Grendstad Halvard , Skarstad Sigrun Ådnegard , Edvardsen Thor , Hallén Jostein 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) is typically higher in endurance‐trained adolescents than in non‐endurance‐trained peers. However, the specific mechanisms contributing to this remain unclear, as well as the impact of training during this developmental stage. This study aims to compare V̇O2max and cardiovascular functions between 12‐year‐old endurance athletes and non‐endurance‐trained over a 14‐month period. Anthropometrics, V̇O2max, hemoglobin mass (Hbmass), blood volume (BV), and left‐ventricular morphology were assessed four times over the 14 months in a group of young cross‐country skiers (END, n = 42, age: 12.4 ± 0.5, girls: n = 27) and a group of controls (CON, n = 26, age: 12.3 ± 0.3, girls: n = 15). Throughout the 14‐month follow‐up, END did more weekly training than CON (7.0 ± 2.3 vs. 2.5 ± 2.4 h, p < 0.001), with only END conducting endurance training. END had ~18% higher V̇O2max relative to fat‐free mass (FFM) than CON (p < 0.001). Stroke volume (SV) and left ventricular end‐diastolic volume (LV EDV) relative to FFM were also higher for END than CON (p < 0.001 and 0.004), while no significant differences were found for Hbmass and BV. No significant interaction was seen for group and time for V̇O2max (p = 0.352–0.767) or any cardiovascular parameters (p = 0.131–0.956) in absolute measures or relative to FFM. In conclusion, the END group exhibited higher V̇O2max, LV EDV, and SV compared to the CON group, with no significant difference in BV and Hbmass. Despite substantial differences in training volume, the progression of these variables over the 14‐month period was similar in both groups.
Turbulent Flow in a Transitional Rough Pipe Universal Laws; Power Law Velocity With Equivalent Log Law Velocity in the Overlap Region: Commencing From Fully Smooth Pipe Flow
Authors: Afzal Noor 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The turbulent transitional rough pipe universal power law and equivalent log law are, independent of wall roughness, without any closure model. The open Reynolds mean momentum equations are employed without closure models such as eddy viscosity or mixing length. That all components of Reynolds stress are of same order of the wall shear stress, τw. The key parameters are wall roughness scale ϕ, roughness friction Reynolds number Rτϕ=Reτ/ϕ, and roughness average Reynolds number Rbϕ=Reb/ϕ. The s three layers (inner, meso, and outer), with overlap region reveals dual solutions: power law and log law. The power law friction factor can be expressed as λ=(CS,n,Re/ϕ). The power law index n and prefactor CS remain as fully smooth pipe power law constants and do not depend on the roughness friction Reynolds number Reτ/ϕ. The power law velocity and friction factor exhibit envelopes where the tangent at a point Reτ/ϕ=exp(α−1−κB) yields equivalent log laws. If outer layer is neglected, the power law friction factor simplifies to λ=CS(Re/ϕ)−n. As an engineering approximation, the power laws fr are extrapolated within a ± 5 percent domain, a limited range of Reynolds numbers with experimental and direct numerical simulation (DNS) data. Additionally, log law theory for transitional rough pipe is extended to higher-order effects (Reτ/ϕ)−p, where p=1,2,…,∞. The power law and log law work comparison were made with turbulent transitional experimental and DNS data.
Applications, Design Methods, and Challenges for Additive Manufacturing of Thermal Solutions for Heterogeneous Integration of Electronics
Authors: Dede Ercan M. , Zhou Feng , Zhou Yuqing , Lohan Danny J. , Asheghi Mehdi , Goodson Kenneth E. , Erickson Kris 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Heterogeneous integration of electronics is critical to the next wave of electronics applications ranging from extremely power dense energy conversion systems to advanced chiplet and copackaged optics architectures for next-generation computing. Enhanced functionality and operation are essential goals in heterogeneous integration. In all applications, effective thermal management of both active and passive electronic devices is required to support these goals. Additive manufacturing (AM) opens new avenues for heterogeneous integration of electronics. This article thus provides a review of AM methods and applications in the specific context of thermal solutions for heterogeneous integration of electronics. Three-dimensional printing methods, associated materials (e.g., metal, polymer, ceramic, and composite), and electronics package integration approaches, or conceptual fabrication workflows, are outlined for cold plates, heat sinks, fluid flow manifolds, and thermal interface materials (TIMs) plus composites for electronics. The current status of design optimization methods for AM of thermal solutions for electronics is also covered. Future challenges and research directions are outlined to further stimulate the development of advanced manufacturing methods, novel design techniques, and unique electronics package integration capabilities for thermal solutions.
Microbead Encapsulation for Protection of Electronic Components
Authors: Hill Jeffrey R , Chen Alex , Wilson Natasha , Boll Cayden , O’Bannon MeiLi , Trentman Dallan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the application of microbeads as an innovative encapsulation technique to protect electronic components from harsh mechanical strain. Traditional encapsulation methods using hard epoxy provide substantial mechanical support but create thermal expansion mismatch issues, potentially leading to electronic component failure. We explore the use of finely powdered microbeads to achieve protective structures combining stiffness and energy absorption. The research focuses on key variables, including microbead size, microbead roughness, compaction of microbeads, and circuit board mounting in the encapsulation, all of which influence the encapsulation’s effectiveness. Experimental setups and testing protocols were developed to assess the performance of various microbead materials under different impact conditions. Results demonstrate that microbead encapsulation significantly reduces strain on circuit boards, minimizing the risk of damage during mechanical shocks. However, challenges remain, such as optimizing microbead characteristics and modeling their behavior within large-scale circuit board assemblies. Despite these challenges, the findings suggest that microbead encapsulation offers a promising alternative to conventional methods, enhancing the durability and reliability of electronic components in high-stress environments.