bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the Interaction between Silibinin and Neuraminidase
Authors: Fang Haowen , Ding Yanting , Lu Yi , Niu Bing , Lu Han , Chen Qin 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Neuraminidase is a pathogenic protein of the avian influenza virus. Previous studies
have shown that silibinin has the potential to inhibit neuraminidase activity.

Objective:
This study aims to explore the interaction between silibinin and neuraminidase and the effect of
silibinin on the structure and activity of neuraminidase.

Methods:
In this study, two-dimensional fluorescence spectrum, three-dimensional fluorescence spectrometry,
Uv-vis spectroscopy, and Circular dichroism analysis were used.

Results:
Silibinin alters the secondary structure of neuraminidase and inhibits the activity of neuraminidase.

Conclusion:
Silibinin can interact with neuraminidase and inhibit its activity.
Narrative Review of the Pharmacodynamics, Pharmacokinetics, and Toxicities
of Illicit Synthetic Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists
Authors: Lea Houston Matilda , Morgan Jody , Kelso Celine 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs) are the most diverse
class of new psychoactive substances worldwide, with approximately 300 unique SCRAs identified
to date. While the use of this class of drug is not particularly prevalent, SCRAs are associated with
several deaths every year due to their severe toxicity.

Methods:
A thorough examination of the literature identified 15 new SCRAs with a significant clinical
impact between 2015 and 2021.

Results:
These 15 SCRAs have been implicated in 154 hospitalizations and 209 deaths across the
US, Europe, Asia, and Australasia during this time period.

Conclusion:
This narrative review provides pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, and toxicologic
data for SCRAs as a drug class, including an in-depth review of known pharmacological properties
of 15 recently identified and emerging SCRAs for the benefit of researchers, policy makers, and
clinicians who wish to be informed of developments in this field.
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry of Estrogen-related Receptor Alpha
(ERRα) Inverse Agonists
Authors: Zhang Haibin , Du Yongli , Zheng Yong , Lv Huiting , Yan Zhijia , Dong Ning , Zhu Yaling , Shen Jingkang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, is strongly expressed in breast cancer cells. Its overexpression is associated with poor prognosis in tri-ple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). ERRα expression could be inhibited by the downregulation of upstream oncogenic growth factors mTOR, HER2, and PI3K. Low expression of ERRα could sup-press the migration and angiogenesis of tumor cells by inhibiting the activity of its downstream sig-nals VEGF and WNT11. Studies have confirmed that ERRα inverse agonists can inhibit ERRα ex-pression to treat breast cancer. Inverse agonists of ERRα could disrupt the interactions of ERRα with its coactivators and inhibit tumor development. Existing ERRα inverse agonists have shown moderate efficacy in inhibiting the growth of breast cancer cells. Clinical inverse agonists of ERRα have not been found in the literature. This review focuses on the research progress and the structure-activity relationship of ERRα inverse agonists, providing guidance for the research and discovery of new anti-tumor compounds for TNBC.
Reversible Intracranial Cytotoxic Edema Associated with COVID-19: A Case
Report
Authors: Çakmakci Güngör , Çeti̇ner Mustafa , Akdağ Gönül , Arikan Fatma Akkoyun , Kabay Sibel Canbaz 
Published: May 2023

Background:
It is well-known that COVID-19 causes pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome, as well as pathological neuroradiological imaging
findings and various neurological symptoms associated with them. These include a range of neurological diseases, such as acute cerebrovascular
diseases, encephalopathy, meningitis, encephalitis, epilepsy, cerebral vein thrombosis, and polyneuropathies. Herein, we report a case of reversible
intracranial cytotoxic edema due to COVID-19, who fully recovered clinically and radiologically.

Case Report:
A 24-year-old male patient presented with a speech disorder and numbness in his hands and tongue, which developed after flu-like symptoms. An
appearance compatible with COVID-19 pneumonia was detected in thorax computed tomography. Delta variant (L452R) was positive in the
COVID reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction test (RT-PCR). Cranial radiological imaging revealed intracranial cytotoxic edema, which
was thought to be related to COVID-19. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurement values in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
taken on admission were 228 mm2/sec in the splenium and 151 mm2/sec in the genu. During the follow-up visits of the patient, epileptic seizures
developed due to intracranial cytotoxic edema. ADC measurement values in the MRI taken on the 5th day of the patient's symptoms were 232
mm2/sec in the splenium and 153 mm2/sec in the genu. ADC measurement values in the MRI taken on the 15th day were 832 mm2/sec in the
splenium and 887 mm2/sec in the genu. He was discharged from the hospital on the 15th day of his complaint with a clinical and radiological
complete recovery.

Conclusion:
Abnormal neuroimaging findings caused by COVID-19 are quite common. Although not specific to COVID-19, cerebral cytotoxic edema is one of
these neuroimaging findings. ADC measurement values are significant for planning follow-up and treatment options. Changes in ADC values in
repeated measurements can guide clinicians about the development of suspected cytotoxic lesions. Therefore, clinicians should approach cases of
COVID-19 with CNS involvement without extensive systemic involvement with caution.
Family role in preserving Javanese culture, values, and language: The challenges in the globalization 4.0 era
Authors: Jannah Nita Maghfiratul , Lestari Kurnia , Jhonathan Gregorius , Pinilih Murni Sekar , Nurhayati Ari , Margana Margana 
Published: May 2023

Along with the rise of the impact of globalization 4.0 that blurs the boundaries between countries and competition at the world level, many indigenous cultures have been pushed aside. Many families consider other cultures to be more advanced and educate children in contemporary culture that does not reflect their cultural identity. Efforts to preserve the nation's original culture need to be carried out from the family level. This quantitative study was aimed at determining factors influencing children's language development and the role of the family and the challenges in the effort of preserving Javanese culture, values, and languages in the globalization 4.0 era. The population of the study was the family whose kid around 3-12 years old domicile in Central Java and Yogyakarta. In total 94 samples were chosen using a random purposive method. The data were gathered using questionnaires then analyzed using a descriptive quantitative method. The result of the study shows that family roles impact children's acquisition of Javanese. Environment, language level or social strata in language, media, and parental inability are the most common reasons why Javanese is considered difficult. This article also suggests solutions and gives other related data to support this study
Dampak pembelajaran penjas dengan workout exercise terhadap tingkat kebugaran jasmani siswa
Authors: Sriwidaningsih Raden Roro , Hadiansyah Diky , Nugraha Alvin Gunardi 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak pembelajaran penjas dengan workout exercise terhadap tingkat kebugaran jasmani siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian Poor Experimen dengan desain One Group Pre Test Post Test. Adapun populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas XI MIPA SMA Negeri 1 Plered yang berjumlah 165 orang. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI MIPA 5 yang berjumlah 27 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Indiana Physical Fitness Test yang terdiri dari: Straddle Chins, Squat Thrust, Push Up, dan Squat Jump. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terlihat bahwa adanya peningkatan dari nilai pre-test pada nilai post-test terhadap tes kebugaran jasmani menggunakan Indiana Physical Fitness Test. Hasil tersebut dibuktikan dengan hasil analisis uji-t yang dibantu dengan program analisis data SPSS 25 dengan nilai probabilitas 0,000, karena 0,000 0,05 maka Ha diterima dan H0 ditolak. Hasil tersebut menunjukan adanya peningkatan nilai hasil dari pre-test terhadap nilai hasil post-test kebugaran jasmani siswa. Hal itu mendasari pengambilan keputusan yang menyatakan bahwa ada perbedaan peningkatan kebugaran jasmani siswa setelah diberikan perlakuan yaitu pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani dengan Workout Exercise. Penelitian yang dilakukan dapat menjadi bahan pertimbangan bahwa aplikasi home workout dapat dijadikan media pembelajaran penjas dalam upaya meningkatkan kebugaran jasmani siswa. This study aims to determine the impact of physical education learning with workout exercises on the level of physical fitness of students. This study uses the Poor Experiment research method with the One Group Pre Test Post Test design. The population in this study were 165 students of class XI MIPA SMA Negeri 1 Plered. The sample in this study were students of class XI MIPA 5 totaling 27 people. The instrument used in this research is the Indiana Physical Fitness Test which consists of: Straddle Chins, Squat Thrust, Push Up, and Squat Jump. Based on the results of the study, it can be seen that there is an increase in the pre-test scores on the post-test scores on physical fitness tests using the Indiana Physical Fitness Test. These results are evidenced by the results of the t-test analysis assisted by the SPSS 25 data analysis program with a probability value of 0.000, because 0.000 0.05 then Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected. These results indicate an increase in the value of the results of the pre-test on the value of the post-test results of students' physical fitness. This underlies the decision making which states that there is a difference in the improvement of students' physical fitness after being given treatment, namely physical education learning with Workout Exercise. The research conducted can be taken into consideration that home workout applications can be used as physical education learning media in an effort to improve students' physical fitness.
Learning Innovation through Teaching Game for Understanding (TGfU) Model to Prepare Physical Education Learning Strategy Skills
Authors: Sumarno Sumarno , Imawati Veni , Ristiawan Bayu 
Published: May 2023

Abstrak: Karakteristik dari pembelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani (Penjas) yang condong pada aktivitas luar ruangan membutuhkan desain dan strategi khusus. Salah satu desain pembelajaran yang dapat menjadi alternatif adalah model Teacging Game for Understanding (TGfU). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan pengembangan, kegunaan dan persepsi guru dalam mengimplementasikan bahan ajar Penjas berbasis permainan dengan model TGfU. Penelitian dan pengembangan ini menggunakan model ADDIE (analyze, design, develop, implement evaluate). Uji coba produk terdiri penilaian oleh ahli dan uji coba lapangan melalui evaluasi formatif (One-to-one, small-group field trial) yang dilakukan oleh 10 partisipan. Instrumen yang digunakan meliputi protokol wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Analisis data kualitatif menggunakan bantuan softwere qualitative data analysis Atlas.Ti versi 9. Desain permainan model TGfU dikembangkan yang didasarkan pada tingkat pengetahuan guru, karakteristik siswa dan sumber daya. Salah satu temuan penting dari proses RD ini bahwa baik guru maupun siswa membutuhkan waktu yang lebih untuk mempelajari cara kerja dari model TGfU. Secara prospektif, desain yang kami kembangakan menjanjikan untuk digunakan sebagai strategi pembelajaran Penjas di masa depan. Abstract: Characteristics of Physical Education (PE) that are inclined to outdoor activities require special designs and strategies. One of the learning designs that can be an alternative is the Teaching Game for Understanding (TGfU) model. The purpose of this study was to describe the development, usability, and perception of teachers in implementing game-based Physical Education teaching materials with the TGfU model. This research and development use the ADDIE model (analyze, design, develop, implement evaluate). The product trial consisted of an expert assessment and a field trial through formative evaluation (one-to-one, small-group field trial) conducted by 10 participants. The instruments used include interview protocols, observation, and documentation. Qualitative data analysis using qualitative data analysis software Atlas.Ti version 9. The TGfU model game design was developed based on the level of teacher knowledge, student characteristics, and resources. One of the important findings from this RD is both teachers and students need more time to learn how the TGfU model works. Prospectively, the design we have developed is promising to be used as a strategy for learning Physical Education in the future.
A Reasonable Period of Criminal Proceedings: the Emergence of the Principle, the Practice of its Implementation and the Impact of the ECHR
Authors: Chistilina D. O. , Delova A. D. 
Published: May 2023

Relevance. The article examines the legal norms in the field of implementation of the principle of a reasonable period of criminal proceedings. There are some contradictions in Russian legislation on this issue, and as practice shows, this principle is not observed in the proceedings in many cases. The theory of criminal procedure has not yet developed a clear mechanism to fully implement the operation of this principle.The purpose of the research is to analyze the substance of criminal procedural norms regulating the principle of a reasonable period of criminal proceedings at the theoretical and practical levels.The objectives of the research: to investigate the norms regulating the principle of a reasonable period of criminal proceedings, the prerequisites and history of its appearance and development, as well as to determine its significance in domestic legal science; to analyze in detail Article 6.1 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation and to consider the relevant judicial practice.The methodology of the research is presented by the dialectical method, the comparative legal method, historical and special legal methods.Results. In the course of the research, some problems were identified in the implementation in practice of the principle of a reasonable period of criminal proceedings and compensation for violation of this norm. The theoretical essence and content of this principle are analyzed. Based on the results of the research, proposals were developed and formulated to improve legislation in this area.Conclusion. According to the results of the research, conclusions are drawn about the interdisciplinarity of the principle of a reasonable period of criminal proceedings, since it is guaranteed by compensation within the framework of civil, not criminal proceedings. It is rightly noted that for each case, its own period of production will be recognized as reasonable, and the decisive word on its determination belongs only to the court. It is also concluded that if the criminal proceedings have clearly taken on a protracted nature, then the sheer complexity of the case itself cannot justify the overall duration of the criminal proceedings.
Actual Problems of Qualification of Unlawful Impact on the Critical Information Infrastructure of the Russian Federation
Authors: Malygin I. I. 
Published: May 2023

Relevance. Protection of objects of critical information infrastructure is an urgent task of ensuring the information security of the state. This problem acquired particular significance during the period of the special military operation in Ukraine - during this time the number of computer attacks on the domestic information infrastructure has increased many times over. For several years, the application of Art. 274.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is characterized by consistent growth. The study of judicial and investigative practice indicates the presence of legal and technical shortcomings of the norm and problems associated with its application.The purpose is to obtain new scientific knowledge about the implementation of the mechanism of criminal law protection of the critical information infrastructure of the Russian Federation, to substantiate proposals aimed at overcoming the difficulties that arise in the application Art. 274.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.Objectives: to identify the problems of qualifying unlawful impact on critical information infrastructure facilities, to formulate proposals for improving domestic criminal legislation and law enforcement.Methodology. The methodological base of the research is made up of general scientific and particular scientific methods of cognition of reality, such as analysis, synthesis, induction, formal-legal, abstract-logical and others.Results. The study analyzed data from judicial statistics, law enforcement practice in cases of unlawful impact on the critical information infrastructure of the Russian Federation, studied doctrinal sources and analytical materials.Conclusions. The following provisions are formulated and substantiated in the work: 1) at the moment, the main direction of implementation Art. 274.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is its application in cases of violation of the rules for the operation of computer information storage facilities by employees of companies providing services in the field of communications (telecom operators); 2) at the level of judicial and investigative practice, there is a discrepancy in the interpretation of socially dangerous consequences in the form of harm to an object of the critical information infrastructure of the Russian Federation.; 3) it should be recognized as erroneous in practice the decision to qualify the deed under Part 1 of Art. 274.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation in situations
To the Issue of the Reasons for the Transition to a New Economic Policy
Authors: Kolupaev A. A. 
Published: May 2023

Relevance. The author in the article proves the scientific opinion that the main reason that forced the Bolsheviks to abandon the very effective policy of war communism, in their opinion, was precisely the Kronstadt rebellion. The uprising in Kronstadt created real conditions for the loss of power by the Bolsheviks. The large-scale military protest was an unexpected phenomenon for the Bolsheviks and forced them to temporarily abandon their domestic political course.The purpose of this study is to examine the reasons for the transition to a new economic policy.Objectives The main objectives of this scientific study are: to analyze the historical conditions in which Soviet Russia found itself at the end of the Civil War; study of the main reasons for the country's transition to a new economic policy.Methodology The main objectives of this scientific study are: to analyze the historical conditions in which Soviet Russia found itself at the end of the Civil War; study of the main reasons for the country's transition to a new economic policy.Results became objective evidence that it was the social protest, which manifested itself in the form of peasant revolts throughout the country, and most importantly the Kronstadt uprising, that became the main reason for the Bolsheviks to switch to a new economic policy.Conclusion Thus, by the end of 1920, Soviet Russia was actually devastated due to the ongoing civil conflict for several years, as well as as a result of the economic policy of the Bolsheviks. Having achieved a military victory over their main political opponents, the Bolsheviks were going to continue the economic course - the policy of war communism, which helped them win the Civil War. However, the population of the country was not at all going to be consumables for the economic experiments of the Bolshevik Party. It showed its sharp dissatisfaction with the economic course pursued in the country in large-scale peasant uprisings throughout the country and in the armed uprising of sailors and soldiers in Kronstadt. These circumstances forced the leader of the Bolshevik Party V.I. Lenin to abandon the course towards the accelerated construction of communism and move on to a new economic policy.
Kursk Fortress: on the Question of the Boundaries and Appearance of the Znamensky Monastery
Authors: Petrov A. A. 
Published: May 2023

Relevance. This article is an attempt to compare the changes in the stone architectural ensemble of the Znamensky Monastery in the period from the second half of the XVII century to the beginning of the XIX century. This topic has been little studied, and therefore it is relevant and in demand.The purpose is to determine the boundaries and appearance of the Kursk Znamensky Monastery from the moment of its foundation until the beginning of the XIX century on the basis of available materials.Objectives: to compare the location of the monastery buildings with the modern urban relief and to establish the type of buildings.Methodology. The article is based on the principles of historicism, scientific objectivity and consistency, which are supplemented by the method of reconstruction, the comparative historical method. In the work, among other things, the technique of virtual 3d modeling is used.Results. By superimposing city plans of different times and modern satellite images, the possible location of the buildings of the Znamensky Monastery is determined, its appearance of buildings is described. It is established that the appearance of the "Kursk Kremlin" has been constantly changing during the time of its existence. Comparing the boundaries of the foundations and studying the principles of construction of similar structures with the preserved images of the monastery allowed us to recreate the boundaries and appearance of the Kursk shrine. Thanks to the 3d modeling technique, the architectural appearance of the ensemble of the Znamensky Monastery of the XVII – XVIII centuries has been recreated.Conclusion. The conducted research gave grounds to assert that the architectural Znamensky Monastery has been the "axis" of urban development since its foundation. Its appearance was, on the one hand, typical of the temples of medieval Russia, on the other, Kursk stood out from many other Russian cities.