bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A repeated cross-sectional and longitudinal study of mental health and wellbeing during COVID-19 lockdowns in Victoria, Australia
Authors: Wright Annemarie , De Livera Alysha , Lee Keun Hee , Higgs Carl , Nicholson Matthew , Gibbs Lisa , Jorm Anthony 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Population surveys across the world have examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health. However, few have simultaneously examined independent cross-sectional data with longitudinal data, each of which have different strengths and weaknesses and facilitate the investigation of distinct research questions. This study aimed to investigate psychological distress and life satisfaction during the first and second lockdowns in the state of Victoria, Australia, and the social factors that may be affected by lockdowns and could affect mental health.

Methods
The VicHealth Victorian Coronavirus Wellbeing Impact Study included two 20-min opt-in online panel surveys conducted in May and September 2020 in Victoria, each with a sample of 2000 adults aged 18 + . A two-part study design was used: a repeated cross-sectional study of respondents who participated in Survey One and Survey Two, followed by a longitudinal nested cohort study. The primary exposures were social solidarity, social connectedness and staying connected with family and friends. Using logistic regression modelling, we explored the associations between our exposures and primary outcomes of psychological distress and life satisfaction with and without adjustment for covariates, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. The results from the multivariable models were summarised using adjusted Odds Ratios (aOR), 95% Confidence Intervals (CI).

Results
Cross-sectional results indicated that the percentage of participants with low life satisfaction was significantly higher in the second survey sample (53%) compared to the first (47%). The percentage of participants with high psychological distress was higher but not significantly different between the two survey samples (14% first survey vs 16% second survey). Longitudinal study results indicated that lower social connectedness was significantly associated with higher psychological distress (aOR:3.3; 95% CI: 1.3–8.4) and lower life satisfaction (aOR:0.2; 95% CI: 0.1–0.4). Younger adults had higher psychological distress compared to older adults (aOR:6.8; 95% CI:1.5–31.1). Unemployment at the time of the first survey was significantly associated with lower life satisfaction at the second survey (aOR:0.5; 95% CI: 0.3–0.9).

Conclusion
This study supports the findings of other international studies. It also highlights the need to promote increased social connection and maintain it at times of isolation and separation, particularly amongst younger adults.
Investigating different dimensions of infertile women’s quality of life: a descriptive cross-sectional study
Authors: Kiani Zahra , Simbar Masoumeh , Hajian Sepideh , Zayeri Farid , RashidiFakari Farzaneh , Chimeh Fatemeh Jalali 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Infertility is a major challenge in the life of women which affects their quality of life. Infertile women's quality of life is a relatively new field of research that has recently been considered by health researchers. However, there has been no standard tool for measuring different aspects of infertile women's quality of life with female factors, and general and specific tools of infertile couples have been used to assess their quality of life. This study, thus, aimed to analyze different aspects of the quality of life of infertile women.

Methods
This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 320 infertile women referred to a teaching hospital affiliated with Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences and private infertility treatment centers in Sari, Iran. Demographic and fertility characteristics and the quality of life questionnaire for infertile women questionnaire (a 25-item tool was designed which measured 7 factors of psychological effects, sexual life with infertility family and social effects, infertility-related concerns, physical effects, adaptive approaches and factors preventing infertility adaptation), were recruited for data gathering. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Descriptive statistics (percentage, mean, standard deviation), correlation coefficient, independent sample t-test, and multiple linear regression were used. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results
The total mean score of infertile women's quality of life was 65.68 ± 8.91%. Findings were indicative of infertile women's quality of life in the dimensions of adaptive approach (70.48 ± 15.02%), psychological (67.88 ± 12.06%), family and social (64.63 ± 10.76%), physical, 63.42 ± 11.36%), inhibitory factors/ factors preventing adaptation (60.98 ± 8.24%), related concerns (51.52 ± 10.21%) and sexual life (40.12 ± 14.28%). According to the final multiple linear regression model, women's education (B = 2.57, p < 0.001), spouse's education (B = 1.56, p = 0.046), economic status (B = 1.64, p < 0.001), age of women (B = -0.62, p < 0.001), age of spouse (B = -0.65, p < 0.001), duration of infertility (B = -0.36, p = 0.024) and duration of marriage (B = -0.39, p = 0.022) were the final predictors of the quality of life score in infertile women of the study.

Conclusion
Given that infertility causes extensive changes in individuals, families, and social dimensions of infertile women, it can affect their quality of life. We can take steps to improve the health of infertile women by promoting various dimensions of their quality of life.
Effect of highly concentrated bleaching gels on enamel microhardness and superficial morphology, and the recovery action of four remineralizing agents
Authors: Melo María , Fioresta Rossella , Sanz José Luís , Pecci-Lloret María Pilar , Llena Carmen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Dental bleaching is a common clinical practice. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) bleaching gel on the morphology and microhardness of enamel, and to analyze the effect of four remineralizing agents.

Methods
One hundred blocks were prepared. The enamel surfaces were bleached with 35% HP in one session. The specimens were divided into four remineralization treatment groups (n = 25). G1: Tooth Mousse, G2: Remin-Pro, G3: Colgate Pro-Relif, G4: Mirafluor. The remineralizing protocol was applied 3 min per day for one week. Vickers microhardness (HV) measurements and SEM observations were performed at baseline, after bleaching, and after remineralizing treatment in all groups. Statistical analyses were performed using the paired t-test and ANOVA.

Results
After bleaching, SEM showed an increase of irregularities on the surface of the samples. Enamel microhardness decreased a mean of 47.7 HV, equivalent to a mean decrease of 18.3% (p < 0.05). After remineralization, the HV increased in all groups between 16 and 33% (p < 0.01), recovering the initial microhardness of enamel samples. SEM images revealed a higher quantity of superficial mineral deposits in groups 1 and 2 compared to the rest of the groups.

Conclusions
The application of remineralizing products generates a significant increase in enamel microhardness. Tooth Mousse-treated samples showed a greater microhardness recovery, followed by Remin Pro. The superficial morphology of the samples reflects the results obtained in the HV tests.
Acquisition of a single grid-based phase-contrast X-ray image using instantaneous frequency and noise filtering
Authors: Yang Jae-Suk , Jeon Sun-Young , Choi Jang-Hwan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
To obtain phase-contrast X-ray images, single-grid imaging systems are effective, but Moire artifacts remain a significant issue. The solution for removing Moire artifacts from an image is grid rotation, which can distinguish between these artifacts and sample information within the Fourier space. However, the mechanical movement of grid rotation is slower than the real-time change in Moire artifacts. Thus, Moire artifacts generated during real-time imaging cannot be removed using grid rotation. To overcome this problem, we propose an effective method to obtain phase-contrast X-ray images using instantaneous frequency and noise filtering.

Result
The proposed phase-contrast X-ray image using instantaneous frequency and noise filtering effectively suppressed noise with Moire patterns. The proposed method also preserved the clear edge of the inner and outer boundaries and internal anatomical information from the biological sample, outperforming conventional Fourier analysis-based methods, including absorption, scattering, and phase-contrast X-ray images. In particular, when comparing the phase information for the proposed method with the x-axis gradient image from the absorption image, the proposed method correctly distinguished two different types of soft tissue and the detailed information, while the latter method did not.

Conclusion
This study successfully achieved a significant improvement in image quality for phase-contrast X-ray images using instantaneous frequency and noise filtering. This study can provide a foundation for real-time bio-imaging research using three-dimensional computed tomography.
Pre-service medical education course completion and drop-out rates
Authors: Enabulele Osahon , Enabulele Joan Emien 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe “Global strategy on human resources for health: Workforce 2030” was adopted by the 69th World Health Assembly. Among its objectives is the strengthening of data on human resources for health, to inform evidence-based policy decisions. These data include the course completion and drop-out rates, to inform mechanisms that support recruitment and retention.ObjectiveThis paper sought to evaluate trends in course completion and drop-out rates of health workforce students. However, original data were only obtained for pre-service medical students, but no other health worker occupational groups.MethodsA mixed method approach was employed to obtain data presented in this paper. A structured questionnaire was sent out to targeted medical training institutions, regulatory bodies, and National Medical Associations, supplemented by a web and literature search for existing studies or data reports. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 21.0 (Chicago, IL, USA) and Microsoft Excel 2010.ResultsEight previously published studies were identified originating from six countries, with course completion rates ranging from 84% in Pakistan to 98.6% in the United States of America, while the drop-out rates ranged from 1.4% in the United States of America to 16% in Pakistan. An analysis of pre-service medical students in Australia and New Zealand, revealed average course completion rates of 93.3% and 96.9%, respectively, and average drop-out rates of 6.7% and 3.1%, respectively. An analysis of pre-service medical students from Nigeria, revealed an average course completion rate of 88.3%, and an average drop-out rate of 11.7%. Data were not readily available for most countries targeted during the research, either because of lack of existing mechanisms for collation of required data or restrictions making such data publicly unavailable and inaccessible.ConclusionsDrop-out rate for pre-service medical students varies across countries with some countries recording higher drop-out rates, which raise significant concerns about the capacity of such countries to scale up production of human resources for health. Data that monitor both course completion and drop-out rates, and seek to provide insight into reasons for observed numbers, can inform mechanisms to address the causes of course drop-out and support student retention.
Wee1 promotes cell proliferation and imatinib resistance in chronic myeloid leukemia via regulating DNA damage repair dependent on ATM-γH2AX-MDC1
Authors: Zeng Fanting , Peng Yuhang , Qin Yuefeng , Wang Jianming , Jiang Guoyun , Feng Wenli , Yuan Ying 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is facing the dilemma of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) resistance and disease recurrence. The dysfunctional DNA damage repair mechanism plays an essential role not only in the initiation and progression of hematological malignancies but also links to the development of TKI resistance. Deciphering the abnormally regulated DNA damage repair and proteins involved brings new insights into the therapy of leukemias. As a G2/M phase checkpoint kinase and a DNA damage repair checkpoint kinase engaged in the DNA damage response (DDR), along with an oncogenic driver present in various cancers, the particular involvement of Wee1 in DNA damage is far from clear. Deciphering its function and targeting it via modulating DNA repair pathways is important for improving our understanding of cancer treatment.

Methods
Wee1 expression was assessed in cell lines using RT-qPCR and western blot, and Wee1 knockdown efficacy was validated using RT-qPCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence. Wee1 function was investigated by CCK-8, colony formation, and flow cytometry assay in vitro. Wee1 role in DNA repair and its interactions with other proteins were then studied using western blot, immunofluorescence, and double plasmid-repair studies. Finally, the CCK-8 and flow cytometry assay was utilized to investigate Wee1 and imatinib’s synergistic effect, and a CML mouse model was constructed to study Wee1’s role in carcinogenesis in vivo.

Results
Wee1 was reported to respond quickly to DDR in an ATM-γH2AX-MDC1-dependent way upon DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) occurrence, and it regulated homologous recombination by stimulating the recruitment of critical proteins RAD51/BRCA1 upon DSB sites. Wee1 was also revealed to be abnormally upregulated in CML cells. Further suppression of Wee1 not only causes cell cycle arrest and inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells but also enhances CML cell sensitivity to Imatinib in vitro and in vivo, possibly through an excessive accumulation of overall DSBs.

Conclusion
Wee1 is extensively involved in the DRR signaling and DSB repair pathway. Inhibiting abnormally elevated Wee1 benefits CML therapy in both IM-resistant and IM-sensitive cells. Our data demonstrated that Wee1 participated in promoting cell proliferation and imatinib resistance in chronic myeloid leukemia via regulating DNA damage repair dependent on ATM-γH2AX-MDC1. In the fight against CML, Wee1’s dysregulation in the DNA damage repair mechanism of CML pathogenesis makes it a viable therapeutic target in clinical applications.
Cellular senescence in cancer: clinical detection and prognostic implications
Authors: Domen Andreas , Deben Christophe , Verswyvel Jasper , Flieswasser Tal , Prenen Hans , Peeters Marc , Lardon Filip , Wouters An 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCellular senescence is a state of stable cell-cycle arrest with secretory features in response to cellular stress. Historically, it has been considered as an endogenous evolutionary homeostatic mechanism to eliminate damaged cells, including damaged cells which are at risk of malignant transformation, thereby protecting against cancer. However, accumulation of senescent cells can cause long-term detrimental effects, mainly through the senescence-associated secretory phenotype, and paradoxically contribute to age-related diseases including cancer. Besides its role as tumor suppressor, cellular senescence is increasingly being recognized as an in vivo response in cancer patients to various anticancer therapies. Its role in cancer is ambiguous and even controversial, and senescence has recently been promoted as an emerging hallmark of cancer because of its hallmark-promoting capabilities. In addition, the prognostic implications of cellular senescence have been underappreciated due to the challenging detection and sparseinand ex vivo evidence of cellular senescence in cancer patients, which is only now catching up. In this review, we highlight the approaches and current challenges ofinand ex vivo detection of cellular senescence in cancer patients, and we discuss the prognostic implications of cellular senescence based oninand ex vivo evidence in cancer patients.
Efficacy of hearing aid treatment on sound perception and residual hearing preservation in patients with tinnitus and coexisting hearing loss: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Li Peifan , Tang Dongmei , Wu Yongzhen , Yin Yanbo , Sun Shan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Chronic subjective tinnitus poses significant challenges in clinical practice, and it is usually associated with hearing impairment, particularly with high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Patients suffering from tinnitus with SNHL experience one of the most severe sensory disabilities, and this has devastating effects on their quality of life. Nowadays, mild to moderate SNHL can be managed with a properly fitted hearing aid (HA) that provides sound amplification, and several studies suggest that HAs may also benefit those with tinnitus. However, inadequate attention has been paid by medical personnel to the impact of HA use in residual hearing protection for patients with tinnitus and coexisting SNHL, and existing evidence is still at a preliminary stage. This study aims to identify and evaluate the efficacy of the use of HAs in both sound perception and residual hearing preservation among patients with tinnitus and coexisting SNHL.

Methods and design
The present study is a prospective, single-center, outcome assessor and data analyst-blinded, randomized, controlled trial. Eligible participants will be recruited and randomly allocated into the HA intervention group and the waiting list control group at a ratio of 1:1. The primary outcome is to evaluate the severity of tinnitus using the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory as a continuous variable at 6 months from randomization. Secondary outcome measures include changes in hearing status and mental states. The trial will last 6 months, with follow-up visits at 3 months and 6 months.

Discussion
This will be the first randomized, controlled trial to identify and evaluate HAs’ efficacy on residual hearing preservation among tinnitus patients with coexisting high-frequency SNHL in China. We are aiming for novelty and generalizability, and strengths of this study are that it will examine the effectiveness of HA in patients with tinnitus and hearing impairment and will further explore the residual hearing protection provided by HA treatment in the tinnitus group.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05343026. Registered on April 25, 2022
Improved joint and patient-reported health assessments with pegloticase plus methotrexate co-therapy in patients with uncontrolled gout: 12-month exploratory outcomes of the MIRROR open-label trial
Authors: Botson John K. , Obermeyer Katie , LaMoreaux Brian , Zhao Lin , Weinblatt Michael E. , Peterson Jeff 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Uncontrolled/refractory gout patients are recalcitrant/intolerant to oral urate-lowering therapies (ULTs), experiencing frequent gout flares, functionally limiting tophi, and low quality of life. Pegloticase lowers urate, but anti-pegloticase antibodies limit urate-lowering efficacy and increase infusion reaction (IR) risk. Immunomodulator + pegloticase co-administration may improve treatment response rates, with 79% of MIRROR open-label trial (MIRROR-OL, pegloticase + oral methotrexate) participants meeting 6-month response criteria. Exploratory outcomes from MIRROR-OL are described here.

Methods
Adults with uncontrolled gout (serum urate [SU] ≥ 6 mg/dL and ULT-intolerance/recalcitrance or functionally limiting tophi) were included. Oral methotrexate (15 mg/week) was administered 4 weeks before and during pegloticase treatment (biweekly 8 mg infusion, ≤ 52 weeks). Exploratory outcomes included change from baseline (CFB) in number of affected joints, Health Assessment Questionnaires (HAQs), and Gout Global Assessments.

Results
Fourteen patients received ≥ 1 pegloticase infusion, with 13 included in 52-week analyses (1 enrolled before treatment-extension amendment, exited at 24 weeks). Three patients prematurely exited due to SU rise; 10 completed 52-week evaluations (8 completed 52 weeks of co-therapy, 2 completed 24 weeks [met treatment goals]). At 52 weeks, SU averaged 1.1 ± 2.5 mg/dL, with improvements in HAQ pain and health (CFB: − 33.6 and − 0.7, respectively), Patient and Physician Global Assessments (CFB: − 4.6 and − 5.7, respectively), and joint involvement (CFB: − 5.6, − 8.4, − 6.0 tender, swollen, tophi-affected joints, respectively). Two patients underwent dual-energy computed tomography, showing concomitant monosodium urate volume reductions. All patients had ≥ 1 AE, with 92.9% experiencing acute flare. One mild IR (“cough”) occurred and no new safety signals were identified.

Conclusion
Pegloticase + methotrexate co-therapy resulted in sustained SU-lowering with meaningful improvements in clinical measures, urate burden, and patient-reported outcomes.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03635957)
Recent applications of machine learning and deep learning models in the prediction, diagnosis, and management of diabetes: a comprehensive review
Authors: Afsaneh Elaheh , Sharifdini Amin , Ghazzaghi Hadi , Ghobadi Mohadeseh Zarei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDiabetes as a metabolic illness can be characterized by increased amounts of blood glucose. This abnormal increase can lead to critical detriment to the other organs such as the kidneys, eyes, heart, nerves, and blood vessels. Therefore, its prediction, prognosis, and management are essential to prevent harmful effects and also recommend more useful treatments. For these goals, machine learning algorithms have found considerable attention and have been developed successfully. This review surveys the recently proposed machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) models for the objectives mentioned earlier. The reported results disclose that the ML and DL algorithms are promising approaches for controlling blood glucose and diabetes. However, they should be improved and employed in large datasets to affirm their applicability.