bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Why do people use telecentres in the age of mobile technologies? Answers from Malawi
Authors: Kapondera Sellina Khumbo , Mtambo Jim 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTelecentres provide access to Information and Communication Technonology (ICT) services to disadvantaged communities. With the coming of mobile technologies such as smartphones, some services that telecentres provide such as internet can easily be accessed through mobile technologies. This, therefore, questions the relevance of telecentres in the age of mobile technologies. Two main questions exist: are telecentres still relevant? If yes, why do people still use telecentres in the age of mobile technologies? This paper aims at answering these questions. It also discusses the challenges that users face in using telecentres. Qualitative data were collected from telecentre users and managers of two telecentres in Malawi through focus groups and interviews. Gioia methodology was used to analyze the data. The study reveals four main reasons why people still patronize telecentres: (i) to socialize with fellow users; and (ii) that it is cheaper to access services in the telecentre as compared to using smartphones for the same services; (iii) telecentres provide services compatible with users' needs such as library services and computers; (iv) and to attain ICT skills some of which are applied in using smartphones. However, users face numerous challenges such as limited space within telecentres and unreliable power. The study is valuable as it provides insights into why governments should continue investing in telecentres. It also comes at a right time when the government of Malawi plans to abandon the community telecentre model to adopt the school managed model that may limit the number of users thereby limiting the benefits of telecentres in the presence of mobile technologies.
Nutrient Content in Sludge Profiles from a Full‐Scale Stabilization Pond in a Temperate Location
Authors: Faleschini Mauricio , Esteves José L. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT: The inorganic nutrient concentrations in sludge profiles from a full‐scale municipal facultative pond in Puerto Madryn City (Argentina) were measured. Sludge samples were collected with cores during autumn, winter, and summer at three sites: inlet, intermediate, and outlet. In general, the sludge accumulates NH4+ and PO43–, increasing their concentrations with depth. However, NH4+ presented a different behavior at the outlet station during the summer, when the lower concentrations were recorded. This finding reflects a nutrient release, originating in their greater demand from the water column. In the sludge, the NO3– followed the spatial and seasonal pattern recorded in the surface water: detectable concentrations in the warmer months at the outlet. The vertical reduction of NO3– could be an indication of denitrification. The study supported the hypothesis that the sludge can act as a nutrient trap or source, depending on factors such as the temperature, nutrients/oxygen concentration, mixing processes, and location.
A comparative analysis of counselors’ right to test over time: Implications for advocacy in the counseling profession
Authors: Cade Rochelle , Lenz A. Stephen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCounselor's right to utilize assessment, appraisal, and tests, and diagnose has substantive implications for professional counseling, counselor education, the provision of evidence‐based practice, and supporting client development across the life span. We identified documents detailing licensure rules and regulations for counselors’ use of these clinical tools within the contiguous United States, Washington, DC, Alaska, Hawaii, and inhabited U.S. territories. Proportion comparisons over time, Fisher's exact test, and related effect sizes were computed to identify changes over time, as well as trends associated with regional professional association. Our results indicated increased representation over time of privileges allowing for the use of assessment, appraisal, and tests, and diagnosis within counselors’ scope of practice and educational requirements, but modest representation of normal assessment use and allowable/nonallowable assessments and tests. Furthermore, we identified statistically significant differences in the regional representativeness of diagnostic privileges. Implications for counselor education and individual and association‐level advocacy are discussed.
Correcting charge distribution in reduced Li‐molecule pair for computational screening of battery solvents
Authors: Orekhov M. A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLi‐molecule pair is a widely used model for the simulation of reduction in Li‐ion batteries. We demonstrate that this model provides incorrect results for some solvents. When an electron is added to the Li‐molecule pair, it may go to the lithium‐ion and neutralize it. Instead, we suggest placing this additional electron on the molecule using constrained density functional theory (CDFT). This approach resembles electron behaviour in the condensed phase and reproduces the physics of the reduction. We demonstrate that suggested in this work approach provides improved agreement with experimental data. Suggested CDFT‐based method is fast, reliable and may be used in computational screening of solvents. We demonstrate the practical application of the method by benchmarking it on a set of 30 molecules from the electrolyte solvent database.
Facile Construction of Antimicrobial Surface via One‐Step Co‐Deposition of Peptide Polymer and Dopamine
Authors: Wu Yueming , She Yunrui , Yan Zi , Chen Sheng , Wang Jiangzhou , Dong Alideertu , Wang Jing , Liu Runhui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe infections associated with implantable medical devices can greatly affect the therapeutic effect and impose a heavy financial burden. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop antimicrobial biomaterials for the prevention and mitigation of healthcare‐associated infections. Here, a facile construction of antimicrobial surface via one‐step co‐deposition of peptide polymer and dopamine is reported. The co‐deposition of antimicrobial peptide polymer DLL60BLG40 with dopamine (DA) on the surface of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) provides peptide polymer‐modified TPU surface (TPU‐DLL60BLG40). The antimicrobial test shows that the TPU‐DLL60BLG40 surfaces of the sheet and the catheter both exhibit potent killing of 99.9% of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). In addition, the TPU‐DLL60BLG40 surface also exhibits excellent biocompatibility. This one‐step antimicrobial modification method is fast and efficient, implies promising application in surface antimicrobial modification of implantable biomaterials and medical devices.
Pipe internal grooving using closed magnetic field system: A novel method
Authors: Rony M. H. , Ibrahim F. A. , Bin Muhamad M. R. , Eid M. M. A. A. , Zubir M. N. M. , Ibrahim S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe present work proposes an innovative method to form microgrooves on a tube's internal surface through new machining based on the principle of the closed magnetic circuit. A newly designed machine with a magnetic grooving tool was fabricated. The tool consists of a pair of magnets positioned in the pipe to be pulled by another pairing magnet set at the pipe's external side, arranged in sequence of N−S−N−S direction so that it creates a closed magnetic field that has a greater pulling force. By controlling the magnet pair at the pipe's external side in the linear and rotational direction, the magnetic grooving tool is moved in both directions and simultaneously pulled towards the pipe surface to form the microgrooves. The experiment was carried out by adjusting the magnet's size combination and its distance to vary the magnetic strengths. The grooving dimension was examined by using an optical microscope and analysed using a 3‐dimensional laser profilometer surface analyser. With N52 class Nd2Fe12B neodymium (40×10×10 mm3), the maximum groove depth of 75.51 μm was recorded and the minimum depth of 2.33 μm was recorded by using magnet size 10×10×10 mm3. The method is capable to produce microgrooves on the copper pipe's internal surface.
Effect of support structure design toward residual stress of part build using selective laser melting
Authors: Sulaiman M. R. , Yusof F. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSelective laser melting process required post‐processing of support structure and it is compulsory to use it at overhanging part. There is certain condition where support structure cannot be remove using wire cut machine because of limited access to part and need to be remove manually. This is where the removability of support structure plays important role because support structure needed to be design so that it can be easily remove using manual way. In addition, when comparing contour type of support structure with the most commonly use block type of support structure it shows that contour type is easier to be remove. Furthermore, no research has been done on optimizing the contour type of support structure. A research experiment is conducted in this work to optimize the parameter of contour support structure which is contour offset, teeth height, teeth top length and teeth base length. The result indicates amount of residual stress and the time required for support removal are significantly influenced by contour offset, while all parameters are significant for support volume. The optimum parameter to get low residual stress is contour offset is 0.6 mm, teeth height is 1.4 mm, teeth top length is 0.75 mm and teeth base length is 1.55 mm.
Deoxynivalenol Exposure Induced Colon Damage in Mice Independent of the Gut Microbiota
Authors: Liao Yuxiao , Peng Zhao , Xu Shiyin , Meng Zitong , Li Dan , Zhou Xiaolei , Zhang Rui , Shi Shaojun , Hao Liping , Liu Liegang , Yang Wei 
Published: September 2023

ScopeTo investigate whether deoxynivalenol (DON) can induce intestinal damage through gut microbiota in mice.Methods and resultsMice are orally administered DON (1 mg kg−1 bw day−1) for 4 weeks, and then recipient mice receive fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from DON‐exposed mice after antibiotic treatment. Furthermore, the mice are orally treated with DON (1 mg kg−1 bw day−1) for 4 weeks after antibiotic treatment. Histological damage, disruption of tight junction protein expression, and increased oxidative stress and apoptosis in the colon as well as higher serum lipopolysaccharides are observed after DON exposure. Moreover, DON exposure changes the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota as well as the contents of fecal metabolites (mainly bile acids). Differential metabolic pathways may be related to mitochondrial metabolism, apoptosis, and inflammation following DON exposure. However, only a decrease in mRNA levels of occludin and claudin‐3 is observed in the colon of recipient mice after FMT. After depleting the gut microbiota in mice, DON exposure can also cause histological damage, disorders of tight junction protein expression, and increased oxidative stress and apoptosis in the colon.ConclusionsDON exposure can induce colon damage in mice independent of the gut microbiota.
Utilising cottonseed in animal feeding: A dialectical perspective
Authors: Wang Wenjing , Li Jun , Liu Juncheng , Ren Maozhi , Li Fuguang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAs the population expands livestock industry faces challenges including protein inadequacy and infectious diseases. Natural alternatives can help mitigate these issues, for example, by incorporating plant‐derived metabolites containing appropriate concentrations of natural antibiotics and health‐promoting agents into feed supplements. One promising source is cottonseed, a fat‐ and protein‐rich by‐product of cotton plant (Gossypium spp.). During processing, gossypol, a natural substance with potential adverse effects when consumed long‐term, is often eliminated. However, gossypol has broad‐spectrum antiviral and antimicrobial properties, making it a potential solution to feed safety and animal health concerns. Here, we outline the challenges faced in animal husbandry and discuss how cottonseed may address diverse scenarios.
Technical note: Impact of dose voxel kernel (DVK) values on dosimetry estimates in 177Lu and 90Y radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) applications
Authors: Danieli Rachele , Pistone Daniele , Tranel Jonathan , Botta Francesca , Uribe‐Munoz Carlos , Raspanti Davide , Salvat Francesc , Wilderman Scott J , Bardiès Manuel , Amato Ernesto , Dewaraja Yuni K , Cremonesi Marta 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundRadiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) is an increasingly adopted modality for treating cancer. There is evidence that the optimization of the treatment based on dosimetry can improve outcomes. However, standardization of the clinical dosimetry workflow still represents a major effort. Among the many sources of variability, the impact of using different Dose Voxel Kernels (DVKs) to generate absorbed dose (AD) maps by convolution with the time‐integrated activity (TIA) distribution has not been systematically investigated.PurposeThis study aims to compare DVKs and assess the differences in the ADs when convolving the same TIA map with different DVKs.MethodsDVKs of 3 × 3 × 3 mm3 sampling—nine for 177Lu, nine for 90Y—were selected from those most used in commercial/free software or presented in prior publications. For each voxel within a 11 × 11 × 11 matrix, the coefficient of variation (CoV) and the percentage difference between maximum and minimum values (% maximum difference) were calculated. The total absorbed dose per decay (SUM), calculated as the sum of all the voxel values in each kernel, was also compared. Publicly available quantitative SPECT images for two patients treated with 177Lu‐DOTATATE and PET images for two patients treated with 90Y‐microspheres were used, including organs at risk (177Lu: kidneys; 90Y: liver and healthy liver) and tumors’ segmentations. For each patient, the mean AD to the volumes of interest (VOIs) was calculated using the different DVKs, the same TIA map and the same software tool for dose convolution, thereby focusing on the DVK impact. For each VOI, the % maximum difference of the mean AD between maximum and minimum values was computed.ResultsThe CoV (% maximum difference) in voxels of normalized coordinates [0,0,0], [0,1,0], and [0,1,1] were 5%(21%), 9%(35%), and 10%(46%) for the 177Lu DVKs. For the case of 90Y, these values were 2%(9%), 4%(14%), and 4%(16%). The CoV (% maximum difference) for SUM was 9%(33%) for 177Lu, and 4%(15%) for 90Y. The variability of the mean tumor and organ AD was up to 19% and 15% in 177Lu‐DOTATATE and 90Y‐microspheres patients, respectively.ConclusionsThis study showed a considerable AD variability due exclusively to the use of different DVKs. A concerted effort by the scientific community would contribute to decrease these discrepancies, strengthening the consistency of AD calculation in RPT.
Numerical simulation and behavior prediction of a space net system throughout the capture process: Spread, contact, and close
Authors: Huang Weicheng , Zou Huaiwu , Pan Yongjun , Zhang Kai , Zheng Junjie , Li Jinpeng , Mao Shuai 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we develop an exhaustive numerical simulator for the dynamic visualization and behavior prediction of the tether‐net system during the whole space debris capture phases, including spread, contact, and close. First of all, to perform its geometrically nonlinear deformation, discrete different geometry theory is applied to model the mechanical response of a flexible net. Based on the discretization of the whole structure into multiple vertexes and lines, the internal force and associated Hession are derived in a closed form to solve a series of nonlinear dynamic equations of motion. The spread and deployment of a packaged net can be realized using this well‐established net solver. Next, a multidimensional incremental potential formulation is selected to achieve the intersection‐free boundary nonlinear contact and collision between the deformable net and rigid debris. Finally, for the closing mechanism analysis, a log‐like barrier functional is derived to achieve the nondeviation condition between the ring–rod linkage system. The continuous log barrier functionals constructed for both the contact model and the linkage system are smooth and differentiable, and, therefore, the nonlinear net capture dynamic system can be efficiently solved through a fully implicit time integrator. Overall, as a demonstration, the whole capture process of a defunct satellite using a hexagon net is simulated through our well‐established numerical framework. We believe that our comprehensive numerical methods could provide new insight into the optimal design of active debris removal systems and promote further development of the online control of tether tugging systems.
Interventions to improve the sleep of nurses: A systematic review
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Murphy Jennifer , Lammers‐van der Holst Heidi M. , Barger Laura K. , Lai Yun‐Ju , Duffy Jeanne F. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNurses are at a high risk for short sleep duration and poor sleep quality due to irregular work schedules and high occupational stress. Considering the effect of nurses' sleep on the safety and health of themselves and their patients, it is important to promote healthy sleep for nurses. We sought to synthesize the published experimental and quasi‐experimental studies that address interventions to improve sleep in nurses. A systematic search was conducted for studies published in English up until May 15, 2023, using the databases PubMed, CINAHL, Academic Search Ultimate, and PsycINFO. In total, 38 articles were included, covering 22 experimental and 16 quasi‐experimental studies with sample sizes ranging from 9 to 207. Studies were assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and considered as low to medium quality. Thirty‐six of the 38 studies reported positive findings for at least one sleep outcome. Intervention types included aroma therapy, dietary supplements, cognitive behavioral therapy, light therapy, mind‐body therapy, sleep education, exercise, napping, shift schedule modification, and multicomponent intervention, all of which showed moderate effectiveness in promoting sleep outcomes of nurses. Comparing and contrasting studies on specific interventions for improving sleep in nurses is sparse and often equivocal. With the variations of research methodology and outcome measures, it is difficult to make a conclusion about each intervention's effectiveness on specific sleep outcomes. Additional high‐quality research, including randomized controlled trials, is needed to evaluate strategies for improving sleep in this unique, safety‐sensitive occupational group.
On the load bearing mechanisms of cemented granular material: A mesoscale FE approach
Authors: Komodromos Michail , Gorji Mahan , Düster Alexander , Grabe Jürgen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe numerical investigation of cemented granular material (CGM) is a demanding task that requires the combination of various scientific disciplines. At the mesoscale, CGM is decomposed into the constituents of particles, cement matrix and void pores. The combination of these constituents, as found in nature or in civil infrastructure projects, creates a highly heterogeneous structure, whose morphology defines the response of the CGM under mechanical loading. The composite internal structure is quantified by means of x‐ray Computed Tomography, which provides 16‐bit grayscale 3D images of the scanned microsamples. These images are decomposed into the three constituent materials to be investigated and modeled. Still, the ability of simple Cartesian grids to adequately carry information about curved geometries and provide accurate representations is questioned. In order to overcome staircase effect errors, the interfaces of the material inclusions are smoothed and re‐defined, making use of Gaussian blurred signed distance fields (SDF). These level‐set derived interfaces serve as a reference for the volume reconstruction of the image via tetrahedra. The comparison of the raw and the smoothened images to analytical geometry Standards suggests that the above reconstruction alleviates the grid's inherited uncertainities. In addition, a comparison between a non smoothed and a smoothed meshed image is performed in terms of mechanical response, utilizing the Finite Element (FE) Method. The results suggest that even a slight change in the granular contact fabric can alter the unfolding stress transmission mechanisms.
Formation of wrinkles on a coated substrate using manifold‐valued finite elements
Authors: Nebel Lisa Julia , Sander Oliver , Knapp André , Fery Andreas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article treats finite element simulations of controlled wrinkle formation experiments of a soft bulk material with a thin, stiff layer on top. The wrinkling process is triggered by a stress mismatch between the bulk material and the thin layer. For the finite element simulations, we model the bulk material using a three‐dimensional hyperelastic material and the thin layer with a geometrically nonlinear elastic Cosserat shell. For the finite element simulations, we model the bulk material using a three‐dimensional hyperelastic material and the thin layer with a geometrically nonlinear elastic Cosserat shell. We use Lagrange finite elements for the bulk material and geodesic finite elements for the shell. The resulting minimization problem is nonlinear and nonconvex. We prove existence of minimizers in the continuous and the discrete function space. Finally, we solve the resulting nonconvex minimization problem numerically using a Riemannian trust‐region algorithm and compare our simulations to real experiments.
On the validity of the Reynolds equation for the simulation of wet grinding processes
Authors: Thunich Paul , Schömig Oliver , Tong Yan , Arafat Robar , Herrmann Christoph , Müller Michael 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWet grinding is a process with a complex interaction of individual sub‐processes such as fluid mechanics, continuum mechanics and thermodynamics and branched coupling of corresponding properties. In order to be able to represent these properties in a model, this paper develops a description of the hydrodynamic properties in the grinding gap as a building block for a simple but accurate model to describe the process of wet grinding. To this end, it is shown that the Reynolds equation, which is well‐established in the lubrication theory, is also suitable for describing an exemplary grinding wheel with abrasive grains or pores. This is done by demonstrating the feasibility of a calculation and by comparing the results with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations.
A historical review on porous‐media research
Authors: Ehlers Wolfgang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAt the end of the 18th century, serious problems in dyke constructions in Northern Germany and the need to understand coupled solid‐water problems initiated first attempts to describe porous media. Many attempts followed until a sound Theory of Porous Media (TPM) was born on the basis of continuum mechanics of multi‐component materials with multi‐physical properties. The present article roughly describes the development of the TPM from its origins to contemporary applications, thus presenting a short historical review of porous‐media research.