bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engineering of Lurasidone Hydrochloride Loaded Niosomes for
Enhancing the Antipsychotic Potential for Nasal Administration
Authors: Sharma Sumit , Sharma Jai Bharti , Kumar Manish , Verma Ravinder , Kaushik Deepak , Bhatt Shailendra 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Drugs having high first-pass metabolism or that are susceptible to enzymatic degradation can be administered through the nasal route to avoid their degradation. Lurasidone exhibits less toxicity and side effects as compared to its sister drugs like risperidone, ziprasidone, clozapine, etc.

Objectives:
The present study aimed to develop Lurasidone loaded niosomes for nasal delivery.

Methods:
Lurasidone niosomes were developed by adapting the ether injection method and optimized using a central composite design. In vitro and in vivo studies were conducted using optimized formulation.

Results:
The findings showed that the optimized formulation exhibited a particle size of 159.02 ± 0.58 nm and an entrapment efficiency of 91.6 ± 1.6%. The findings from the nasal histopathological analysis revealed that the optimized formulation was non-irritant and non-toxic for nasal mucosa. The findings from in vitro studies revealed 94.61 ± 0.27% of drug release from optimized formulation F7 throughout 24 hrs. The findings of in vivo (Albino Wistar rats) studies demonstrated that various pharmacokinetic parameters (Cmax, Tmax, AUC(0-24), T1/2, Vd and Cl) and pharmcodynamic parameters (conditioned avoidance response, biochemical estimation using oxidative markers such as superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde and glutathione) were significantly improved compared to marketed tablets (Lurasid® 40 mg) and pure drug suspension. Optimized formulation F-7 exhibited 4.9 times more bioavailability than that of pure drug suspension following intranasal administration.

Conclusion:
These findings indicate that nasal niosomal formulation of Lurasidone HCl is a promising nanoplatform for enhancing the overall performance of Lurasidone. These results could open new avenues into the future of nanomedicine.
Psycho-neuroendocrine-immune Aspects of COVID-19 and its
Relationship with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Shafia Sakineh , Talei Sahand , Molaei Soheila , Asghariazr Vahid , Dadkhah Masoomeh 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:
A large body of literature indicates that the novel coronavirus disease (COVI D-19)
was, and still is, a stressful and traumatic experience for different groups of people. Exposure
to unexpected deaths or fear of death increases the risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder
(PTSD) anxiety disorder. Understanding the relationship between PTSD and SARS-CoV-
2 infection can help reduce the risk of developing psychiatric diseases, especially anxiety disorders.
Here, we used the central mega databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Springer,
and Science Direct. We explored the articles based on keywords and related articles. Social
isolation stress during quarantine and hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal
(HPA) axis via increased cortisol synthesis and release seems to be key findings in current literature.
Evidence shows that induced neuroendocrine changes in patients with COVID-19 can
cause psychiatric diseases related to fear and anxiety. Studies suspect that angiotensinconverting
enzyme 2 (ACE2) expressed in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland can be targeted
by the infection and thereby could be a player in inducing psychiatric disorders. Here, we
discuss the relationship between Covid-19 and post-traumatic stress disorder from psychoneuroendocrine-
immune aspects and highlight the pro-inflammatory cytokines as mediators in
the CNS-related processes, hoping to provide insights into the pathophysiology of PTSD.
Agreement Between Experts and an Untrained Crowd for Identifying Dermoscopic Features Using a Gamified App: Reader Feasibility Study
Authors: Kentley Jonathan , Weber Jochen , Liopyris Konstantinos , Braun Ralph P , Marghoob Ashfaq A , Quigley Elizabeth A , Nelson Kelly , Prentice Kira , Duhaime Erik , Halpern Allan C , Rotemberg Veronica 
Published: January 2023

Background
Dermoscopy is commonly used for the evaluation of pigmented lesions, but agreement between experts for identification of dermoscopic structures is known to be relatively poor. Expert labeling of medical data is a bottleneck in the development of machine learning (ML) tools, and crowdsourcing has been demonstrated as a cost- and time-efficient method for the annotation of medical images.

Objective
The aim of this study is to demonstrate that crowdsourcing can be used to label basic dermoscopic structures from images of pigmented lesions with similar reliability to a group of experts.

Methods
First, we obtained labels of 248 images of melanocytic lesions with 31 dermoscopic “subfeatures” labeled by 20 dermoscopy experts. These were then collapsed into 6 dermoscopic “superfeatures” based on structural similarity, due to low interrater reliability (IRR): dots, globules, lines, network structures, regression structures, and vessels. These images were then used as the gold standard for the crowd study. The commercial platform DiagnosUs was used to obtain annotations from a nonexpert crowd for the presence or absence of the 6 superfeatures in each of the 248 images. We replicated this methodology with a group of 7 dermatologists to allow direct comparison with the nonexpert crowd. The Cohen κ value was used to measure agreement across raters.

Results
In total, we obtained 139,731 ratings of the 6 dermoscopic superfeatures from the crowd. There was relatively lower agreement for the identification of dots and globules (the median κ values were 0.526 and 0.395, respectively), whereas network structures and vessels showed the highest agreement (the median κ values were 0.581 and 0.798, respectively). This pattern was also seen among the expert raters, who had median κ values of 0.483 and 0.517 for dots and globules, respectively, and 0.758 and 0.790 for network structures and vessels. The median κ values between nonexperts and thresholded average–expert readers were 0.709 for dots, 0.719 for globules, 0.714 for lines, 0.838 for network structures, 0.818 for regression structures, and 0.728 for vessels.

Conclusions
This study confirmed that IRR for different dermoscopic features varied among a group of experts; a similar pattern was observed in a nonexpert crowd. There was good or excellent agreement for each of the 6 superfeatures between the crowd and the experts, highlighting the similar reliability of the crowd for labeling dermoscopic images. This confirms the feasibility and dependability of using crowdsourcing as a scalable solution to annotate large sets of dermoscopic images, with several potential clinical and educational applications, including the development of novel, explainable ML tools.
Physical and Mental Effects of Foot Baths Among Women in Labor: Protocol for a Pre-Post Test Experimental Design
Authors: Hikita Naoko , Iso Ritsuko , Mizuhata Kiyoko , Isoyama Akemi , Kobayashi Ayumi , Muroi Rika 
Published: January 2023

Background
Foot baths are used in complementary and alternative therapy to improve the duration and quality of sleep and reduce tension, anxiety, fatigue, and confusion. They are also known to improve the frequency of labor contractions and to increase their duration in women; thus, they are commonly used by midwives in clinical settings in Japan. However, the physical and mental effects of foot baths during labor are unknown.

Objective
This study aims to assess the physical and mental effects of foot baths based on biomarker levels and self-administered questionnaires.

Methods
A single-arm pre-post test trial design is being used in this study, and the study is being conducted at a general hospital in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. The target study population is women in the first stage of labor, the phase when the uterus starts to contract and when the cervix dilates to 10 cm, or those undergoing labor induction. Participants who meet the eligibility criteria are recruited, and written informed consent is obtained from them. They are asked to answer the questionnaire and to collect 1.5 mL of saliva in 2 microtubes each, before and after the intervention. The intervention is foot baths for 15-20 minutes using a foot bath device. Data on delivery, such as gestational age, gravidity, parity, diagnosis following the last vaginal examination, and presence or absence of membrane rupture, are retrieved from the medical records. The primary outcomes are salivary cortisol levels before and after the foot baths. The secondary outcomes are levels of relaxation and comfort, labor pain, body warmth, vital signs, and interval of labor pain before and after the foot baths, which are assessed using a numerical rating scale. A paired t test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test will be performed to compare the data for salivary cortisol levels and numerical rating scale scores.

Results
Data collection started on April 1, 2022. As of October 2022, we had enrolled 10 participants. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan, it is difficult for medical personnel to freely interact with women in labor until the results of the COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction test are available in the research facility, complicating the recruitment process.

Conclusions
This is the first prospective study to assess the effects of foot baths using a biomarker during the first stage of labor. The findings on the effects of foot baths on women in labor will provide novel insights that may improve the outcomes of delivery. A randomized controlled trial to investigate the effects of foot baths to obtain robust evidence should be conducted in the future.

Trial Registration
University Hospital Medical Information Network-Clinical Trial Registry UMIN000046539; https://tinyurl.com/2wwj7dns

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/39985
Profil Gas Rumput Gajah Yang Diinkubasi Menggunakan Inokulum Feses Sapi Dan Feses Kerbau Sebagai Pengganti Cairan Rumen Menggunakan Metode In Vitro
Authors: Rizna Gebby , Afdal M , Darlis Darlis 
Published: January 2023

Penelitiaan ini bertujuaan untuk mengetahui profil gas dari rumput gajah yang diinkubasi selama 96 jam dengan menggunakan inokulum feses sapi dan feses kerbau sebagai penganti cairan rumen dengan menggunakan metode in vitro. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (3 x 6) dengan 3 perlakuan dan 6 kali ulangan, masing-masing perlakuan sebagai berikut P0 = cairan rumen (kontrol) P1 = cairan feses sapi + molases (5%) P2 = cairan feses kerbau + molases (5%). Data yang diperoleh dari setiap parameter yang diamati dianalisis menggunakan ragam (Anova). Bila terdapat pengaruh nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan Uji Jarak Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan inokulum feses sapi dan feses kerbau sebagai penganti cairan rumen pada rumput gajah berbeda nyata (P<0,05) terhadap total produksi gas, potensi produksi gas (b) dan laju produksi gas (c). Kesimpulan dari penelitiaan ini yaitu penggunaaan inokulum feses kerbau mampu menyamai inokulum cairan rumen hal ini dapat dilihat dari tingginya total produksi gas dan laju produksi gas pada inokulum feses kerbau.
Bronchiolitis Before and After the SARS-CoV2 Pandemic: Twelve Years of Experience in a Spanish Paediatric Hospital
Authors: Guerrero-del-Cueto Fuensanta , Fernandez J. M. Ramos , Leiva-Gea Isabel , Reina-Moreno Elena , Ortiz-Ortigosa Ana , Carazo-Gallego Begoña , Cordon Ana , Moreno-Pérez David , Núñez-Cuadros Esmeralda 
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Acute bronchiolitis (AB) is the main cause
of hospitalization in children under two years of age, with a regular
seasonality, mostly due to the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).
Objectives: To describe the epidemiology of
bronchiolitis hospitalizations in our centre in the last twelve years,
and analyse the changes in clinical characteristics, microbiology, and
adverse outcomes during the SARS-CoV2 pandemic.
Methods: Observational study including patients admitted
for bronchiolitis between April 2010 and December 2021 in a Spanish
tertiary paediatric hospital. Relevant demographic, clinical,
microbiological, and adverse outcome variables were collected in an
anonymized database. The pandemic period (April 2020 to December 2021)
was compared to 2010-2015 seasons using appropriate statistical tests.
Results: There were 2138 bronchiolitis admissions, with
a mean of 195.6 per year between 2010-2019 and a 2–4-month peak between
November and March. In the expected season of 2020, there was a 94.4%
reduction of bronchiolitis hospitalizations, with only eleven cases
admitted in the first year of the pandemic. Bronchiolitis cases
increased from the summer of 2021 during a six-month long peak, reaching
a total of 171 cases. Length of stay was significantly shorter during
the pandemic, but no differences were found in clinical and
microbiological characteristics or other adverse outcomes.
Conclusions: The SARS-CoV2 pandemic has modified the
seasonality of bronchiolitis hospitalizations, with a dramatic decrease
in cases during the expected season of 2020-2021, and an extemporaneous
summer-autumn peak in 2021 with longer duration but similar patient
characteristics and risk factors.
The role of brain oscillations in feature integration
Authors: Cobos Maria , Melcón María , San-Esteban Pablo Rodríguez , Capilla Almudena , Chica Ana 
Published: January 2023

Our sensory system is able to build a unified perception of the world,
which although rich, is limited and inaccurate. Sometimes, features from
different objects are erroneously combined. At the neural level, the
role of the parietal cortex in feature integration is well-known
(Humphreys, 2016; Shafritz et al., 2002). However, the brain dynamics
underlying correct and incorrect feature integration are less clear. To
explore the temporal dynamics of feature integration, we studied the
modulation of different frequency bands in trials in which feature
integration was correct or incorrect. Participants responded to the
color of a shape target, surrounded by distractors. A calibration
procedure ensured that accuracy was around 70% in each participant. To
explore the role of expectancy in feature integration, we introduced an
unexpected feature to the target in the last blocks of trials. Results
demonstrated the contribution of several frequency bands to feature
integration both pre- and post-stimulus. During the pre-stimulus period,
alpha power was higher for illusions compared to hits. After stimulus
onset, alpha, beta, and gamma-band power was reduced for hits compared
to illusions. Moreover, gamma power was overall larger during the
experiment for participants who were aware of the unexpected target
presented during the last blocks of trials (as compared to unaware
participants). These results demonstrate that feature integration is a
complex process that can go wrong at different stages of information
processing and is influenced by top-down expectancies.
Effect of wall material thermal conductivity on the butane flame stability of microscale gas fired burners
Authors: Chen Junjie 
Published: January 2023

The effect of wall material thermal conductivity on butane flame
stability is investigated for microscale gas fired burners. The present
study aims to provide a fundamental understanding of the butane flame
stability of microscale gas fired burners at different wall material
thermal conductivities. Particular emphasis is placed upon the stability
limits over a range of equivalence ratios and the effect of wall
material thermal conductivity on the butane flame stability. The results
indicate that the wall material thermal conductivity is vital in
determining the butane flame stability of the gas fired burners, as the
walls are responsible for the majority of the upstream heat transfer as
well as the external heat losses. The most effective way of increasing
the lean stability limits of the burner is an increase in primary stream
inlet temperature. Completing the combustion process near homogeneous
stoichiometric conditions, by intensifying the mixing process, may
increase nitrogen oxides emissions. To ensure that the combustion
process of the furnace is not adversely affected by the presence of the
device, the device should not adversely interfere with the flow of
products of combustion away from the combustion zone for each burner.
Low wall thermal conductivities result in large axial wall-temperature
gradients and high maximum temperatures. High wall thermal conductivity
leads to uniform temperature profiles without hotspots. Low wall thermal
conductivities cause the flame to shift downstream. Increasing wall
thermal conductivity has little effect on flame location unless there
are significant external heat losses. Typical ceramics allow maximum
external heat loss coefficients. Materials with lower wall thermal
conductivities limit the upstream heat transfer. Materials with higher
wall thermal conductivities result in enhanced heat transfer to the
surroundings. The inlet flow velocity plays a competing role in flame
stability. There is only a relatively narrow envelope of flow rates
within which combustion can be stabilized. The maximum fluid temperature
exceeds the adiabatic flame temperature of butane-air mixture computed
for room temperature.
Keywords: Burners; Combustion; Emissions; Extinction; Flames;
Stability
Bienestar psicológico en estudiantes universitarios de nuevo ingreso
Authors: Vences Camacho Karen Aurora , Márquez Gómez Josué Ociel , Cardoso Jiménez Daniel 
Published: January 2023

Un nivel alto de bienestar psicológico impacta en la disminución del estrés, la ansiedad y la depresión y, por ende, en el aprendizaje e indicadores académicos (Seligman, 2011). El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar el bienestar psicológico de estudiantes de primer año de las licenciaturas de Administración y Psicología campus Tejupilco de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México en el período 2020A. La población estudiada fue de 174 estudiantes de ambos sexos con edades que oscilaban entre los 17 a 19 años. La clasificación del bienestar psicológico se basó en la escala de Ryff (1989), adaptada por Díaz et al. (2006), cuya confiabilidad es de 0.741. La información se procesó con un software para las ciencias sociales; se elaboró la base de datos para calcular una estadística descriptiva de valores mínimos, máximos, percentiles y puntos de corte; posteriormente, se obtuvieron los valores recodificados de nivel bajo, moderado y alto, y finalmente se calcularon frecuencias y porcentajes del bienestar psicológico. En cuanto a la autoaceptación, relaciones positivas con los demás, autonomía, dominio del entorno y propósito de vida, 35.4 % de estudiantes se ubicaron en promedio en nivel bajo y 64.6 % moderado-alto. Referente al crecimiento personal, 43 % mostraron un nivel bajo y 57 % uno moderado-alto. Los estudiantes de primer año de las licenciaturas de Administración y Psicología presentan, en general, un nivel bajo de bienestar psicológico, por lo que fue necesario dar atención a través de la tutoría académica, con conferencias, cursos y talleres para mejorar esta situación y por ende impactar favorablemente en los indicadores académicos de reprobación, rezago, deserción y retención durante el primer semestre.
Pelaksanaan Pewarisan Pada Masyarakat Adat Batak Perantauan Di Kota Semarang
Authors: Fernanda Melania Sylvia 
Published: January 2023

Masyarakat adat Batak perantauan yang telah merantau di Kota Semarang, memiliki corak hidup yang berbeda dengan masyarakat adat Batak yang masih tinggal didaerah asal, termasuk dalam melakukan pewarisan. Skripsi ini meninjau pelaksanaan pewarisan masyarakat adat Batak perantauan di Kota Semarang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan pewarisan masyarakat adat Batak perantuan di Kota Semarang dengan membagikan harta warisan kepada anak laki-laki dan anak perempuan, dengan jumlah yang berbeda. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya pergeseran dalam pewarisan masyarakat adat Batak perantuan di Kota Semarang yaitu faktor perantauan, agama, ekonomi, pergaulan dan kasih sayang. Penerapan kepatuhan terhadap hukum adat Batak bertujuan untuk memenuhi aturan yang berlaku dalam masyarakat.
The investigation of students' skills in the management of laboratory work for students aged 15-16 years
Authors:   ", FLORIAN Aurelia-Daniela ,   University of Craiova, Department of Physics and National College ",   ",   Carol I",   ",   Craiova, (Romania). E-mail: gabiflorian@yahoo.com", FLORIAN Gabriel ,   "University of Craiova, Department of Physics and National College ""Carol I"" Craiova, (Romania). E-mail: gabiflorian@yahoo.com", TROCARU Sorin ,   "University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics and ""Goethe"" German College, Bucharest (Romania). E-mail: sorin.trocaru@gmail.com"
Published: January 2023

In this paper is presented a pilot study for the investigation of the relevant factors within some experimental works carried out by students, after going through the learning unit "Movement and rest", which can be found in the chapter "Principles and laws in classical mechanics", from the physics curriculum for the ninth grade in Romania. Through the proposed work tasks, the design and the development of the experimental works carried out by students were highlighted. At the same time, special attention was paid to the results obtained by the students in investigating the relevant factors through specific physics methods, not only during the classes but also within the homework.
Study on tourism development income index calculation of finite element ordinary differential mathematical equation
Authors: Gong Mengjie 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The development of tourism promotes the rapid development of regional economy. Balancing the relationship between investment and income of tourism is important, which affects the speed of economic development. Based on the background of tourism economy, to a specific mode of regional tourism, the first step is to collect information, for the coupling analysis between the subsystems of the tourism industry and regional economy of synergy, through the tourism development index of income differential mathematical equations of finite element calculation, a mathematical model built for the tourism income. By solving the finite element ordinary differential mathematical equation, the relationship between tourism maximum income, effective income and investment cost is obtained. Finally, the stability of the mathematical model is analysed. This study evaluates and predicts the income index of tourism development in a specific region and provides countermeasures for the development of tourism economy in this region.