bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensory Integration Therapy as a Management of Sensory Deficits in Autistic Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Abdul-Majeed Heba Mamdouh , Khodeir Mona Sameeh , El-Din Hafez Nirvana Gamal 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Sensory integration therapy (SIT) has been used for the management of sensory processing deficits associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). This work presents an overview of these sensory processing deficits and the SIT. This study aims to provide an evidencebased practice regarding the effectiveness of the SIT in the management of such sensory processing disorders in children with ASD.

Objective
To evaluate the effectiveness of the SIT as a therapy for the sensory processing symptoms associated with autism spectrum disorders in children. This will be made by conducting a systematic review of the literature in this topic area.

Material and Method
Search for any RCTs or retrospective studies that were in English language only. Study participants were not less than 5 children 3-12 yrs aged diagnosed with ASD. The intervention was validated by Ayres Sensory Integration® Fidelity Measure© (ASIFM) to ensure treatment integrity and effectiveness was measured by outcome measures such as SPM or SP.

Data Sources
PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ScienceDirect, and all materials available on the Internet till 2020.

Data Extraction
If the studies did not fulfill the inclusion criteria, they were excluded. Study quality assessment included whether ethical approval was gained, eligibility criteria specified, appropriate controls, and adequate information, and defined assessment measures.

Conclusion
The current systematic review has not concluded that SIT may have a positive effect on improving sensory processing defects that are found in children with ASD. We suggest that more literature review would be effective in giving attention to the limitations of this study.
Efficacy of Eustachian Tube Function Tests in Predicting Myringoplasty Success Rate
Authors: Sabra Reda M , El Begermy Marwa M , Salah Mona Sedki , Aty Ahmed M Abdel 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Tympanoplasty is a commonly performed surgical procedure to close perforations of the tympanic membrane. The results of tympanic membrane based on multiple factors as the eustachian tube dysfunction.

Aim of the Work
to assess the efficacy of the eustachian tube function test in predicting myringoplasty success rate and compare the efficacy of different tests in prediction of myringoplasty outcome.

Material and Methods
An electronic search via PubMed, Cochrane library, google scholar and web of science (WOS) until janurary2021.We included articles published in English language and conducts adult cases only. We excluded studies based on expert opinion and laboratory studies. Outcomes of interest were success rate of tympanoplasty according to eustachian tube function test and the efficacy of the different tests of eustachian tube function. Analysis was conducted using Comprehensive Meta Analysis© version 3 (Biostat© Englewood, NJ) and the jamovi project (2021); jamovi (Version 1.6.23.0) [Computer Software] for the efficacy of the eustachian tube function tests in predicting tympanoplasty success rate and using Review Manager (RevMan) [Computer program]. Version 5.4. The Cochrane Collaboration, 2020, and MetaDTA: Diagnostic Test Accuracy Meta-Analysis v2.01, 2021 for detecting and comparing the accuracy of different eustachian tube function tests.

Results
Regarding tympanoplasty success rate meta-analysis of the revelent 14 studies shows that preoperative normal Eustachian tube function is associated with significantly higher probability of successful graft taking (Log odds ratio = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.10 to 2.46).Regarding to the different accuracy of eustachian tube function test meta-analysis of the revelent 14 studies shows that accuracy of the tests are ranked as follows: methylene blue (most accurate), saccharine, impedance audiometry, tubomanometry and sonotubometry (least accurate). Further studies are needed to validate our findings.

Conclusions
Our pooled estimate suggest a good benefits of preoperative eustachian tube function test and tympanoplasty success rate. According to efficacy of different test of tympanoplasty our pooled estimate that methylene blue test is the most accurate test while the sonotubometry test is the least accurate test.However, our evidence have several limitations and there is controversy among these studies. We suggest further studies are needed to validate our findings to detect the most accurate test of eustachian tube function.
Study of Effectiveness of Prophylactic Treatment for Vestibular Migraine Patients
Authors: Al Maksoud Nassar Adel Abdel , Emara Tamer Hussein , Galal Eman Mohammed , Ahmed Shaimaa Salah Abdel Hamid 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate effectiveness of prophylactic drugs in treatment of VM patients. Second to compare between each drug for its efficacy for treatment of VM patients

Subjects and Methods
Forty-five subjects divided into 3 groups were included in the present study. Group A, 15 subjects received Cinnarzine with mean age of 37.7 years. Group B, 15 subjects received Inderal with mean age of 38.3 years. Group C, 15 subjects received Topamax with mean age of 39 years diagnosed with vestibular migraine. They were subjected to a Dizziness Handicap Inventory questionnaire (DHI), visual analogue scale (VAS), neurological examination, vestibular office tests, videonystagmography (VNG) and sensory organization test (SOT) of computerized dynamic posturography (CDP) before and after receiving treatment according to grouping.

Results
3 months after treatment, the mean number of total vertiginous attacks decreased from (14.5 ±9.2) to (7.3 ± 7.8), from (11.5 ±6.6) to (5.2 ± 4.1) and (13.1 ±8.6) to (4.1 ± 3) in Cinnarzine, Propranolol (Inderal) and topiramate (Topamax) groups respectively. DHI scores decreased from (50 ± 12.7) to (34.7± 12.5), (49.7 ± 11.2) to (32.4± 15.6) and (52.7 ±11.2) to (28.3 ± 9.2) in Propranolol (Inderal) and topiramate (Topamax) groups respectively.

Conclusions
This study provided that all three drugs are effective for ameliorating vertiginous attacks in VM patients; also, the treatment effects were similar in three groups with no significant difference.
Comparison of Postoperative Secondary Haemorrhage Rates and Pain Threshold between Conventional Cold Dissection, Bipolar, Monopolar Electrocautery and Laser Tonsillectomy, Meta Analysis Study
Authors: EL-Samny Talaat , Youssef Tamer Ali , Askoura Anas , Mohammed Taher M M 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Tonsil surgery is one of the most common surgical procedures performed in otorhinolaryngology. The earliest known removal of tonsils was performed by Celsius in the first century A.D.

Aim of the Work
To compare the postoperative secondary haemorrhage rates and pain threshold between conventional cold dissection, bipolar, monopolar electrocautery and laser tonsillectomy.

Patients and Methods
This review was done using standard methodology outlined in the Cochrane Handbook and reported the findings in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement guidelines. An initial search will be carried out using the PubMed, Cochrane library Ovid, Scopus & Google scholar using the following keywords: Dissection, Diathermy, Laser electrocautery, Tonsillectomy.

Results
Highly significant decrease in mean 7-day post-operative pain score, in conventional dissection group compared to diathermy group (p &lt; 0.01). Significant decrease in mean 7-day post-operative pain score, in conventional dissection group compared to laser electrocautery group (p = 0.024). Nonsignificant difference in mean 7-day post-operative pain score, in diathermy group compared to laser electrocautery group (p &gt; 0.05). Non-significant difference in revision or re-operation rate, in conventional dissection group compared to diathermy group (p &gt; 0.05). Non-significant difference in secondary haemorrhage rate, in conventional dissection group compared to diathermy group (p &gt; 0.05). Non-significant difference in secondary haemorrhage rate, in conventional dissection group compared to laser electrocautery group (p &gt; 0.05).

Conclusion
Based on the findings of the present study, all the methods used in the study are safe but there was significant decrease in mean 7-day post-operative pain score using conventional dissection method compared to diathermy and laser electrocautery methods with no difference found in secondary haemorrhage rates between different methods used.
Effect of Use of Lidcombe Program on Degree of Stuttering Severity
Authors: Shehata Walaa Mohamed , Hasan Sabah Mohamed , Boshnaq Maha Hussein 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
The incidence rate of stuttering is 5% among preschool children and about 1% among adults. Although the cause of stuttering has not been identified, a multifactorial hypothesis of stuttering has gained acceptance.

Aim of the Work
To evaluate the effect of using Lidcombe program on the degree of stuttering after its application on a group of children versus persistance or minimal change in the severity in other group of children facing the same citcumstances.

Patients and Methods
This randomized controlled clinical trial study was carried out at the outpatient clinic of Phoniatrics unit, ENT department, Ain Shams University Hospitals. A total of 60 children were included and divided between two groups. Control group; which included 30 cases who were submitted to parents counselling alone without involving the child with follow up weekly for three months to assess if there was improvement or not by SSI and SPI tools and also to predict the degree of chronicity of childhood stuttering, and test group; which included 30 cases who were submitted to Lidcombe Program.

Results
There was statistical significant differences between study groups as regard post-intervention assessment of stuttering severity using stuttering severity instrument. cases treated with program improved and become very mild and mild, also severe cases improved to become moderate cases, while in group treated with counselling, only very mild and mild cases who have improved while other cases become the same or got worsen.

Conclusion
stuttering will remain a perplexing disorder and assessing its severity is a matter of clinician's clinical experience. Despite the tools used to assess stuttering severity, it is better to assess the child with the disorder rather than assessing the disorder. Taking in considerations that the covert symptoms are the key for deciding the stuttering severity more than the overt symptoms, specifically with the older children.
Is Obesity a Risk Factor for Iron Deficiency and Anemia? A Pilot Study
Authors: Nassar Amira S A , Allam Mohamed F , Samy Maysa A , Gadallah Mohsen A 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
The populations suffer from increasing over consumption of food, but continue to have high rates of micronutrient deficiencies. Adipose tissue of obese persons produces increased amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines contributing to the development of a low-grade systemic inflammation in these persons.

Objectives
To determine the relation between body mass index (BMI) and hemoglobin (Hg) level, serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC) and C reactive protein (CRP).

Methodology
The study was carried out on 60 women attending the outpatient clinics of the National Nutrition Institute (Egypt). Participants were divided into two groups; 30 obese women (case group) and 30 normal weight women (control group). Diagnosis of obesity was based on BMI &gt;30. Anemia was diagnosed according to Hg level, serum iron and TIBC.

Results
The mean Hb level of participant women was 11 gm/dl (SD 1.21) and ranged between 8.7 and 13.8 gm/dl. Hb levels showed no significant difference between obese and normal weight women. Serum iron was higher in normal weight women compared with obese women (P &lt; 0.05). No significant correlation was observed between BMI and Hb levels. BMI had a significant negative correlation with serum iron. BMI has significant positive correlations with TIBC and CRP. Linear regression analysis showed a significant association between Hb levels and waist hip ratio.

Conclusions
High BMI affected negatively levels of serum iron and is associated with inflammatory process as indicated by higher levels of CRP. High waist hip ratio is an important risk factor for anemia.
Prevalence of Cognitive Impairment among Elderly in Primary Health Care Centers in Cairo, Egypt
Authors: Mohammed Fatmaa Sayed Abdelmonem , Wahba Hoda Mohamed Farid , Gabal Hebat-Allah Mohammed Salah , El Said Salma Mohamed Samir 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Cognitive impairment (CI) in the elderly is a growing worldwide public health problem. Symptomatic CI is under-diagnosed, even though early detection in dementia care is of great significance and allowing the person to be involved in future care planning.

Objectives
To measure the prevalence of CI among elderly patients attending primary health care centers in Elsharabya, Egypt and to identify different risk factors associated with CI.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was performed among 154 elderly using an interview questionnaire including socio-demographic data, Saint – Louis – University – Mental – Status (SLUMS), Test your memory (TYM)) and General practitioner Assessment of Cognition (GPCOG) questionnaires.

Results
51.3% of the studied elderly suffered from mild CI compared to 32.5% suffered from marked CI by SLUM. 68.8% suffered from CI by TYM. 83.3% and 13.0% of them were classified as CI by patient assessment and caregiver interview of GPCOG respectively. The most significant factors associated with CI were being older, non-married, and low educational levels.

Conclusions and Recommendations
The prevalence of CI is high among the studied elderly. Early identification of CI is important to delay the progression to Alzheimer’s disease and achieve a better quality of life.
Trigger Factors of Migraine in Patients Attending Headache and Neurology Outpatient Clinics at Ain Shams University Hospitals
Authors: Elguindy Nourhan N , Elbagoury Lamyaa S , Fouad Mohamed M , Emara Tamer H , DA Marzouk 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Migraine is the second most common cause of headache, affecting approximately 15% of women and 6% of men. Also, it is one of the most ten disabling diseases in the world.

Objectives
To determine the triggers of migraine headache in migraine patients attending Headache clinic at Ain Shams university hospitals.

Methods
A descriptive study was carried out among 292 migraine subjects from different parts of Cairo governorate from December 2019 to March 2020. Case definition of migraine was based on the International Headache Society (IHS) criteria.

Results
Females constituted 85.6% of the study sample. The majority of the sample (71.3%) aged 18-39 years. Psychological problems as: stress and family problems were the commonest triggers (89%), followed by fatigue (86.3%), too little sleep (staying up late) (82.2%), loud noises (77.7%), hunger, fasting and missing meals (75.3%), bright lights or and sun exposure (75%), and in relation to females menstruation (61.9%), hot weather (61.3%), too much sleep (46.9%), odors (46.2%). The least triggers were physical exercise, caffeinated drinks, smoking, chocolate and dairy products, and ice-cream were 28.8%, 26%, 24.7%, 23.3%, 16.1% respectively. Forty percent of the study population had positive family history of migraine, 30.1% of them reported major stresses (moving of residence, marriage, or death of a close relative) in the last year.

Conclusion
Stress, anxiety, family problems, fatigue, too little sleep, and loud noises were the commonest triggers of migraine headache. Family history was present in 41.1% of migraine patients.
Ethical Challenges Opposing Health Care Professionals Working at Artificial Kidney Units of Ain Shams University Hospitals and a Proposed Guide to Deal with Them
Authors: Abbas Sara G , Ahmed Sanaa I , Mahmoud Nesrine A , Attia Eman A 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Treatment for end-stage kidney disease is a major economic challenge and a public health concern worldwide. Renal-replacement therapy poses several practical and ethical dilemmas of global relevance for patients, clinicians, and policy makers.

Aim
The aim of the present work was to highlight ethical challenges encountered by health care professionals working at Artificial kidney units of Ain Shams University hospitals which may oppose their practice and lead to malpractice. In addition, outlining an ethical guide; in a trial to metigate some of these challenges, and ameliorate the practical environment to minimise malpractice issues.

Method
The present study is a descriptive cross-sectional study that was held on health care professionals (physicians and nurses) working at the Artificial Kidney Units of (El Demerdash and Ain Shams specialized University hospitals).

Results
More than half of the physicians (57.9%) agreed that all patients admitted to kidney units should sign a legal informed consent, while 78.9% of physicians admitted that not all patients could give a legal informed consent. Nearly all physicians (94.7%) endorsed that the clinician should provide the patient with all needed information; then, the patient decides freely based on his priorities and values. 57.9% of the physicians and 48.3% of the nurses negated any discussion about patients’ private information within the earshot of others. The vast majority of physicians (92.1%) and nurses (83.9%) were completely convinced of the right of any patient -in need- to have an equal access to any form of treatment. Most of the physicians (71.5%) and 90.3% of nurses were convinced that beneficence and non-maleficence are not two opposing ethical concepts.

Conclusions
The current study clarified that significant proportion of physicians and nurses were aware of the universally recognized ethical principles which are essential part of clinical practice in nephrology. The present study found that some healthcare professionals reported encountering a number of ethical issues when dealing with patients.

Recommendations
The growing public and professional discourse about ethical issues in nephrology creates an atmosphere in which the special issues in End Stage Renal Disease treatment can be addressed openly. As some healthcare providers in this study reported some ethical issues when dealing with hemodialysis patients, thus, there is a need for ongoing education of ethics to ensure the optimal approach to patient care. It is recommended to follow our guideline proposal in order to help health care professionals in dealing with the confronted ethical challenges.
Role of Endovascular Intervention in Management of Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia
Authors: Ali Abd Al-Rahman Najm-Eldin Sultan , Farahat Mahmoud Saad , Elmaleh Haitham Mostafa , Fakhr Mohamed Emam 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI) can be treated with surgical revascularization (SR) or endovascular revascularization (ER). - The management of symptomatic atherosclerotic chronic mesenteric ischemia which is an uncommon disorder is challenging. Although surgical revascularization (SR) has been considered as the gold standard since its introduction based on observational data published over the last 25 years, there has been increased use of endovascular revascularization (ER) in treating CMI. This review seeks to assess, through the available literature, the role of endovascular intervention in management of chronic mesenteric ischemia and determine the benefits as well as the withdraws of the intervention.

Objective
to assess the role of endovascular intervention in management of chronic mesenteric ischemia and determine the efficacy (in terms of patency), and safety, (in terms of perioperative morbidity and mortality) of endovascular revascularization (ER) in treating patients with CMI, using the currently available literature and applying a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods
The review is a meta-analysis and systematic review that included randomized controlled trials (RCT), case series and retrospective studies which studied the role on endovascular techniques of management of chronic mesenteric ischemia.

Results
Abstracts of articles that were published from 2000-2020 identified using the search strategy were reviewed and articles that appear to fulfill the inclusion criteria were retrieved in full text. Data on at least one of the outcome measures was included in the study. This study included published papers and research written in English language that published from 2000-2020. We excluded papers not written in English, studies before 2000 and case report study.

Conclusion
Endovascular management of chronic mesenteric ischemia is a feasible strategy associated with increased technical and clinical success rate and patency rates. It also associated with low rate of mortality and complications. Restenosis and symptom recurrence were reported in more than 20% of the patients which necessitating preoperative assessment of abdominal pain, good selection of patients and improving the endovascular technique.
Meta-Analysis on Ultrasound Guided Hydrostatic Saline Enema Reduction of Childhood Intussusception
Authors: Elbeheiry Mosad , Khalafallah Mohamed , Bersy Mohamed Ali , Mohamed Abdelrahman Ahmed Adly 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Ultrasound with color Doppler studies plays a promising role in both the diagnosis as well as the guided reduction of intussusception by using hydrostatic pressure with normal saline enema as we can directly visualize the whole process of the reduction with real time ultrasound.

Aim of the Work
The study aims to assess the role and benefits of the ultrasound as an alternative non-invasive method in the guidance of the hydrostatic reduction of intussusception in children.

Material and Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis on published studies about ultrasound guided hydrostatic saline enema reduction of childhood intussusception carried out in the period between 2010 and 2020. for pediatric patients suffering intussusception and was performed in accordance with the PRISMA and PICO guidelines. An initial search was carried out using online databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar, Egyptian Knowledge Bank and Science direct. The following search terms was employed: “(Intussusception AND hydrostatic OR saline enema AND ultrasound OR ultrasonography).

Results
A total of 133 articles were identified after duplicates were removed, and 102 were then excluded as they did not meet the inclusion criteria. The 31 remaining full-text articles were reviewed, and 10 were excluded due to (outside our time interval or containing insufficient data or other reasons of exclusion). Thus, 21 articles were included in the systematic review.

Conclusion
Hydrostatic reduction should be the treatment of choice and the first line of management in all cases of intussusception unless it is contraindicated. It is a simple, safe, effective and radiation free technique. It is not time consuming, is cost effective and is associated with almost nil complications and minimal hospital stay.