bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Greater interpersonal distance in adults with autism
Authors: Fusaro Martina , Fanti Valentina , Chakrabarti Bhismadev 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSocial interactions are often shaped by the space we prefer to maintain between us and others, that is, interpersonal distance. Being too distant or too close to a stranger can often be perceived as odd, and lead to atypical social interactions. This calibration of appropriate interpersonal distance thus constitutes an important social skill. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD, hereafter autism) often experience difficulties with this skill, and anecdotal accounts suggest atypical interpersonal distances in their social interactions. In the current study, we systematically measured interpersonal distance in individuals with autism using immersive virtual reality (IVR) to recreate a naturalistic interaction with a full body avatar of a similar age. Participants observed their own virtual body in first‐person perspective, and the other avatar in two tasks: in the first task, they approached the other avatar (active), in the second one they were approached by the other avatar (passive). Two groups of neurotypical and autistic adults, performed both tasks. Autistic adults showed greater interpersonal distance when compared to non‐autistic adults. Additionally, the difference between the passive and active conditions was smaller for non‐autistic compared to autistic adults. Across the full sample, greater interpersonal distance was associated with higher autism‐related traits. This study provides systematic evidence for greater interpersonal distance in autistic adults using a paradigm with high ecological validity and can be useful in informing the design of appropriate environmental adjustments for shared spaces.
Many truths, many knowledges, many forms of reason: Understanding middle‐school student approaches to sources of information on the internet
Authors: Scholes Laura , McDonald Sarah , Stahl Garth , Comber Barbara 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSourcing information related to socio‐scientific issues requires sophisticated literacies to read and evaluate conflicting accounts often signified by disagreement among experts, multiple solutions or misinformation. Much of the previous work exploring how young people approach conflicting information has tended to focus on students in the secondary and tertiary years, often taking an epistemic approach to analysis, rather than a literacies lens. At the heart of such endeavours, however, is the need for sophisticated reading skills accelerated by shifts to digital platforms to source information. Given the limited empirical studies in the field of literacy that articulate how middle school students approach sources of information, this study investigates 45 middle school students’ (13–14 years of age) self‐reported strategies for investigating health risks associated with mobile phone use. We asked the students to imagine that a close friend was worried about the health risks of using their mobile phone and had asked them for advice. Students were then prompted to describe how they would search for information about the issue and how they would know if the information was reliable. Our analysis identified three dominant themes in the interview data, namely: (i) mistrust of the internet—people can be reliable sources; (ii) reliable sourcing requires consensus across sources; and (iii) criteria help to determine a reliable source. An interesting finding was the level of scepticism of the internet expressed by students. We draw on examples from the students’ interview dialogue to illustrate the themes and engage in discourse related to their approaches including implications for teaching in English classrooms.
Categorisations of care: Exploring representations of care leavers in higher education through critical praxis
Authors: Bunn Matthew , Fuller Emily 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we explore the critical praxis approach of an equity initiative with students who have left care. We contend that ‘praxis’ (International Studies in Widening Participation, 2018, 5: 10–20) – understood here as the close, dialogic and iterative relationship between research and practice, can be a powerful tool for approaching ordinarily rigid equity categorisations as a means for interrogating their conceptual efficacy while simultaneously creating more exploratory approaches to equity populations and initiatives. We examine how unproblematised notions of care leavers migrate between fields and institutions, arguing for a more robust and rigorous interrogation of the salience of the concept of a care leaver as it is integrated into the field of higher education. We contend that rigid definitions of care that narrowly define people only through their relationship to formalised state‐legitimated forms of welfare intervention risk making ‘absent’ (Epistemologies of the south: Justice against Epistemicide, 2014; Routledge) the substantial population of people nearby this experience of care. This includes people who have escaped official definitions as policies change, circumstances that are similar or identical to people placed in care that have not been included in the official definition of care, or the overlapping and intersecting conditions of marginality that often shape the conditions for being removed into state care. Critical praxis is offered here as providing the basis for allowing the category of ‘care leaver’ or ‘care experienced’ to become an in‐road for expanding practice initiatives and research understandings to further dimensions of marginalisation and social vulnerability.
JARID2 coordinates with the NuRD complex to facilitate breast tumorigenesis through response to adipocyte‐derived leptin
Authors: Liu Wei , Zeng Yi , Hao Xinhui , Wang Xin , Liu Jiaxiang , Gao Tianyang , Wang Mengdi , Zhang Jingyao , Huo Miaomiao , Hu Ting , Ma Tianyu , Zhang Die , Teng Xu , Yu Hefen , Zhang Min , Yuan Baowen , Huang Wei , Yang Yunkai , Wang Yan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundProteins containing the Jumonji C (JmjC) domain participated in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. However, the mechanisms underlying this effect are still poorly understood. Our objective was to investigate the role of Jumonji and the AT‐rich interaction domain‐containing 2 (JARID2) — a JmjC family protein — in breast cancer, as well as its latent association with obesity.MethodsImmunohistochemistry, The Cancer Genome Atlas, Gene Expression Omnibus, and other databases were used to analyze the expression of JARID2 in breast cancer cells. Growth curve, 5‐ethynyl‐2‐deoxyuridine (EdU), colony formation, and cell invasion experiments were used to detect whether JARID2 affected breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion. Spheroidization‐based experiments and xenotumor transplantation in NOD/SCID mice were used to examine the association between JARID2 and breast cancer stemness. RNA‐sequencing, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis were used to identify the cell processes in which JARID2 participates. Immunoaffinity purification and silver staining mass spectrometry were conducted to search for proteins that might interact with JARID2. The results were further verified using co‐immunoprecipitation and glutathione S‐transferase (GST) pull‐down experiments. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) sequencing, we sought the target genes that JARID2 and metastasis‐associated protein 1 (MTA1) jointly regulated; the results were validated by ChIP‐PCR, quantitative ChIP (qChIP) and ChIP‐reChIP assays. A coculture experiment was used to explore the interactions between breast cancer cells and adipocytes.ResultsIn this study, we found that JARID2 was highly expressed in multiple types of cancer including breast cancer. JARID2 promoted glycolysis, lipid metabolism, proliferation, invasion, and stemness of breast cancer cells. Furthermore, JARID2 physically interacted with the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) complex, transcriptionally repressing a series of tumor suppressor genes such as BRCA2 DNA repair associated (BRCA2), RB transcriptional corepressor 1 (RB1), and inositol polyphosphate‐4‐phosphatase type II B (INPP4B). Additionally, JARID2 expression was regulated by the obesity‐associated adipokine leptin via Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) pathway in the breast cancer microenvironment. Analysis of various online databases also indicated that JARID2/MTA1 was associated with a poor prognosis of breast cancer.ConclusionOur data indicated that JARID2 promoted breast tumorigenesis and development, confirming JARID2 as a target for cancer treatment.
Intratumoral CD103+CD8+ T cells predict response to neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ren Siqi , Lan Tianjun , Wu Fan , Chen Suling , Jiang Xue , Huo Chuying , Li Zitian , Xie Shule , Wu Donghui , Wang Ruixin , Li Yanyan , Qiu Lin , Huang Guoxin , Li Shurui , Wang Xiaojuan , Cen Meifeng , Cai Tingting , Lin Zhaoyu , Li Jinsong , Li Bowen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundImmune cell heterogenicity is known to determine the therapeutic response to cancer progression. Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (NACI) has shown clinical benefits in some patients with advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), but the underlying mechanism behind this clinical response is unknown. The efficacy of NACI needs to be potentiated by identifying accurate biomarkers to predict clinical responses. Here, we attempted to identify molecules predicting NACI response in advanced HNSCC.MethodsWe performed combined single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) and multiplex immunofluorescence (mIHC) staining with tumor samples derived from NACI‐treated HNSCC patients to identify a new tumor‐infiltrating cell (TIL) subtype, CD103+CD8+ TILs, associated with clinical response, while both in vitro and in vivo assays were carried out to determine its antitumor efficiency. The regulatory mechanism of the CD103+CD8+ TILs population was examined by performing cell‐cell interaction analysis of the scRNA‐seq data and spatial analysis of the mIHC images.ResultsWe established intratumoral CD103+CD8+ TILs density as a determinant of NACI efficacy in cancers. Our scRNA‐seq results indicated that the population of CD103+CD8+ TILs was dramatically increased in the responders of NACI‐treated HNSCC patients, while mIHC analysis confirmed the correlation between intratumoral CD103+CD8+ TILs density and NACI efficacy in HNSCC patients. Further receiver operating characteristic curve analysis defined this TIL subset as a potent marker to predict patient response to NACI. Functional assays showed that CD103+CD8+ TILs were tumor‐reactive T cells, while programmed cell death protein‐1 (PD‐1) blockade enhanced CD103+CD8+ TILs cytotoxicity against tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, targeting the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2‐positive (TREM2+) macrophages might enhance the population of CD103+CD8+ TILs and facilitate antitumor immunity during NACI treatment.ConclusionsOur study highlights the impact of intratumoral CD103+CD8+ TILs density on NACI efficacy in different cancers, while the efforts to elevate its population warrant further clinical investigation.
The phyllodes menace—Variation in course, therapy, and appearance of phyllodes tumors in a case series of three patients
Authors: Schiltz Daniel , Sokolow Alexander Jan , Minck Natalya , Schreml Stephan , Moser Lutz , von Fritschen Uwe 
Published: September 2023

Key Clinical MessageEarly and complete surgical resection is the most important therapeutic and diagnostic measure. Adjuvant radiation is suggested for malign phyllode tumors, phyllode tumors larger than 10 cm or those with a low distance to the resection margins.AbstractPhyllodes tumors are rare fibroepithelial tumors of the breast. Histologically, they are usually classified as benign, borderline or malignant, though these classifications do not necessarily reflect the clinical course of the disease. These tumors may stay undetected for years, or show sudden and rapid progression. There is currently no consistent therapy recommendation based upon histological findings, the localization of the tumor and/or whether it is recurrent. Using the examples of three patients, we show how courses and therapy may differ widely, and discuss this in the context of the current state of the literature.
Electrochemical Synthesis of Phenothiazinone as Fluorophore and Its Application in Bioimaging
Authors: Wang Qian , Chen Yue‐Xi , Ji Su‐Hui , Zhou Jian‐Min , Li Ren‐Hao , Cai Yun‐Rui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPhenothiazinone is a promising yet underutilized fluorophore, possibly due to the lack of a general accessibility. This study reports a robust and scalable TEMPO‐mediated electrochemical method to access a variety of phenothiazinones from 2‐aminothiophenols and quinones. The electrosynthesis proceeds in a simple cell architecture under mild condition, and notably carbon–halogen bond in quinones remains compared to conventional methods, enabling orthogonal downstream functionalization. Mechanistic studies corroborate that TEMPO exerts a protective effect in avoiding product decomposition at the cathode. In particular, benzophenothiazinones show intriguing luminescence in both solid and solution state, and thus their photophysical properties are scrutinized in detail. Further bio‐imaging of the lipid droplets in living cells highlights the considerable promise of benzophenothiazinones as fluorescent dye in the biomedical fields.
Assembling Molecular Clips To Build π‐Stacks
Authors: Lee Hyun , Lee Dongwhan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNature utilizes an intimate stacking of aromatic motifs to construct functional structures, as demonstrated in protein folding and polynucleotide assembly. However, organized π‐stacks of artificial molecules are difficult to build, primarily due to the weak, non‐directional, and context‐sensitive nature of van der Waals forces. To overcome these challenges, chemists have invented ingenious architectural designs to construct π‐stacked supramolecular assemblies using clip‐like molecules. This Concept article focuses on molecular clips that enable precise spatial control over assembly patterns, beyond the scope of simple host–guest chemistry. Different design strategies are analyzed and compared that leverage non‐covalent interactions to create multi‐layer π‐stacks. Particular emphasis is placed on the choice of spine units as they play a crucial role in controlling the (i) spacing, (ii) orientation, and (iii) conformational pre‐organization of linked aromatics to achieve long‐range spatial ordering.
Posttransplant cyclophosphamide versus antithymocyte globulin in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation from matched unrelated donors: A study from the Acute Leukemia Working Party of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation
Authors: Giebel Sebastian , Labopin Myriam , Salmenniemi Urpu , Socié Gerard , Bondarenko Sergey , Blaise Didier , Kröger Nicolaus , Vydra Jan , Grassi Anna , Bonifazi Francesca , Czerw Tomasz , Anagnostopoulos Achilles , Lioure Bruno , Ruggeri Annalisa , Savani Bipin , Spyridonidis Alexandros , Sanz Jaime , Peric Zinaida , Nagler Arnon , Ciceri Fabio , Mohty Mohamad 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to compare two immunosuppressive strategies, based on the use of either rabbit antithymocyte globulin (ATG) or posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PTCY), as a prophylaxis of graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) for patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in first complete remission who underwent hematopoietic cells transplantation from matched unrelated donors.MethodsOverall, 117 and 779 adult patients who received PTCY and ATG, respectively, between the years 2015 and 2020 were included in this retrospective study. The median patient age was 40 and 43 years in the PTCY and ATG groups, respectively, and 37% and 35% of patients, respectively, had Philadelphia chromosome‐positive ALL.ResultsIn univariate analysis, the cumulative incidence of acute and chronic GVHD did not differ significantly between the study groups. The cumulative incidence of relapse at 2 years was reduced in the PTCY group (18% vs. 25%; p = .046) without a significant impact on nonrelapse mortality (11% vs. 16% in the ATG group; p = .29). The rates of leukemia‐free survival (LFS) and overall survival were 71% versus 59%, respectively (p = .01), and 82% versus 74%, respectively (p = .08). In multivariate analysis, the receipt of ATG compared with PTCY was associated with a reduced risk of extensive chronic GVHD (hazard ratio, 0.54; 95% confidence interval, 0.3–0.98; p = .04) and an increased risk of low LFS (hazard ratio, 1.57; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–2.45; p = .045).ConclusionsThe receipt of ATG compared with PTCY, despite the reduced risk of extensive chronic GVHD, is associated with inferior LFS in adults with ALL who undergo hematopoietic cell transplantation from 10/10 human leukocyte antigen‐matched unrelated donors. These findings warrant verification in prospective trials.
Efficacy and safety of tixagevimab‐cilgavimab versus SARS‐CoV‐2 breakthrough infection in the hematological conditions
Authors: Duminuco Andrea , Nardo Antonella , Orofino Alessandra , Giunta Giuliana , Conticello Concetta , Del Fabro Vittorio , Chiarenza Annalisa , Parisi Marina S. , Figuera Amalia , Leotta Salvatore , Milone Giuseppe , Cupri Alessandra , Cambria Daniela , Di Raimondo Francesco , Romano Alessandra , Palumbo Giuseppe A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundManaging SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in frail and immunosuppressed patients still represents an open challenge, but, starting from the phase 3 PROVENT study, prophylaxis with tixagevimab‐cilgavimab has improved the approach in this category of patients, guaranteeing a better outcome and inferior mortality. Real‐life data in a heterogeneous cohort are few.MethodsThe aim of this study is to evaluate the benefit of prophylaxis with tixagevimab‐cilgavimab in a cohort of 202 patients affected by different hematological diseases (lymphoproliferative, myeloproliferative, autoimmune, patients recently receiving a bone marrow transplant), active (with ongoing treatment), or in watch‐and‐wait strategy, followed in our center, during a median follow‐up of 249 (45‐325) days.ResultsAn incidence of 44 breakthrough infections (21.8%) is reported, with no treatment‐related adverse effects. Age ≥70 years, ongoing treatment (above all with monoclonal antibodies), baseline lymphoproliferative disorders, and prior virus exposure are identified as risk factors related to subsequent infection (p < 0.05). Moreover, the incidence is higher in low/nonresponse to prior vaccination (p = .002). Patients treated with tixagevimab‐cilgavimab had a mild course of the infection and a reduction of the duration compared with preprophylaxis infection (11 vs. 15 days, p < .001). The concurrent treatment with anti‐CD20 monoclonal antibodies and B–non‐Hodgkin lymphoma still confers a higher duration of infection despite prophylaxis. No deaths attributable to the infection occurred.ConclusionProphylaxis treatment seems to be a valid and safe strategy, although not preventing breakthrough infection, but the severe complications associated with the infection and the possible delays in administering lifesaving therapies from long positivity.
Remote blended treatment for individuals with suicidal ideation: A single‐arm proof‐of‐concept trial
Authors: Büscher Rebekka , Teismann Tobias , Hartleitner Paula , Klein Jan Philipp , Baumeister Harald , Sander Lasse B. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionNew digital treatment formats may reduce barriers to treatment for individuals with suicidal ideation. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of a remote blended care programme for this population, defined as acceptability, demand, practicality, adaptation, indications of efficacy and safety.MethodsWe conducted a mixed‐methods single‐arm trial for proof‐of‐concept. Participants were eligible if they were at least 18 years old, had sufficient German proficiency, a Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation score ≥2, internet access and lived near the outpatient clinic. The treatment consisted of 12 sessions of cognitive‐behavioural videotherapy combined with online modules over 6 weeks.ResultsWe included 10 participants. All patients were satisfied with the treatment; most patients (80%) reported unpleasant memories resurfacing. All patients completed all therapy sessions and a mean of 13.7 modules (SD = 5.7); three patients switched to face‐to‐face treatment, in one case due to safety concerns. All patients and most therapists (83.3%) found the treatment overall practicable. Most patients (66.7%) and therapists (66.7%) considered remote treatment equivalent to face‐to‐face therapy. There were no serious adverse events.ConclusionWhile promising, the results suggest changes to the programme might be needed, particularly for patients' safety. A controlled feasibility trial should investigate temporary deteriorations.
Morphological change of foveolar‐type gastric adenocarcinoma after proton pump inhibitor discontinuation in a short time period: A case report
Authors: Igarashi Shohei , Hanabata Norihiro , Furusawa Keisuke , Suto Shinya , Satake Miwa , Shimaya Koji , Kanazawa Kosuke , Numao Hiroshi , Munakata Masaki , Kurotaki Hidekachi , Sakuraba Hirotake , Yoshida Shigeaki 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA 37‐year‐old man with systemic lupus erythematosus underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy as a screening examination for anemia and bloody stool. A semi‐pedunculated edematous lobular polyp of 25 mm in size was detected in the greater curvature of the upper gastric body. At that time, a definitive diagnosis of cancer could not be made based on a biopsy specimen from the lesion. Since the patient was on proton pump inhibitor (PPI) for a long time to prevent peptic ulceration due to prolonged prednisolone administration for systemic lupus erythematosus, we diagnosed the lesion as a PPI‐associated hyperplastic polyp and switched lansoprazole to famotidine. Two months later, esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed that the polyp had decreased in size to 8 mm, whereas the biopsy specimen led to a histological diagnosis of gastric cancer. The polyp was removed by endoscopic submucosal dissection. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the tumor cells were positive for MUC5AC, but negative for MUC2 and MUC6, leading to a final diagnosis of foveolar‐type gastric adenocarcinoma. In conclusion, we may suggest that PPI induces reversible morphological changes in foveolar‐type gastric adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, short‐term follow‐up of polypoid lesions should be prepared, considering tumor comorbidity with morphological changes during long‐term PPI usage.