bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age‐ and endometrial microbiota‐related delay in development of endometrial receptivity
Authors: Fujii Shunsaku , Oguchi Takaaki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeWe evaluated factors affecting the development of endometrial receptivity according to age and changes in the endometrial microbiota.MethodsWe recruited patients with infertility who underwent transcriptomic analyses of endometrial receptivity and the endometrial microbiome prior to frozen embryo transfer. An endometrial biopsy was performed 108 h after initial progesterone administration.ResultsIn 185 tests from 185 eligible patients, the results of endometrial receptivity analysis were receptive in 111 (60.0%) patients and pre‐receptive in 74 (40.0%) patients. Compared with receptive patients, pre‐receptive patients had significantly older ages (36.0 ± 0.5 vs. 38.2 ± 0.5, p = 0.0021), a smaller proportion of normal Lactobacillus‐dominant microbiota (27.9% vs. 12.2%), and a greater proportion of microbiota with ultralow biomass (22.5% vs. 41.9%) (p = 0.0074). Patient age (adjusted odds ratio: 1.08, 95% confidence interval: 1.01–1.16, p = 0.0351) and a microbiome with ultralow biomass (adjusted odds ratio: 3.82, 95% confidence interval: 1.49–9.82, p = 0.0039) were independent predictive factors for pre‐receptive endometrium.ConclusionsOlder age was accompanied by a decrease in Lactobacillus‐dominant microbiota; aging and endometrial microbiota with ultralow biomass were significantly associated with pre‐receptive endometrium. Our findings suggest that the quantity (rather than proportion) of Lactobacillus in the endometrium is important in the development of endometrial receptivity.
Fixed‐time event‐triggered controller of a state‐constrained nonlinear system: A zero‐error tracking control approach
Authors: Zhang Zhongcai , Gao Yang , Sun Wei , Wu Yuqiang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this article, an event‐triggered zero‐error adaptive output tracking controller with fixed‐time convergence mode is designed for a kind of uncertain nonlinear systems under full‐state constraints, unknown control coefficients, input dead‐zone, and saturation. The constrainedly practically fixed‐time stability is investigated for the considered high‐order nonlinear system. Then applying the barrier Lyapunov function technology and blending an error transformation into backstepping scheme, the Nussbaum‐gain‐based adaptive fuzzy control is proposed with prescribed performance. The control process consists of two phases, among which the first phase is used to render tracking error into the preset adjustable residual set within a preassigned fixed time at a prescribed decay rate, and the second phase further force the tracking error to converge to zero asymptotically. Additionally, the desired full‐state constraints are not violated in the whole control process. The simulation results are also given to show the effectiveness of the designed control method
Cover crops and soil health in rainfed and irrigated corn: What did we learn after 8 years?
Authors: Blanco‐Canqui Humberto , Ruis Sabrina J. , Koehler‐Cole Katja , Elmore Roger W. , Francis Charles A. , Shapiro Charles A. , Proctor Christopher A. , Ferguson Richard B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDuration of cover crop (CC) management, CC biomass production, and other factors could impact how CC affects soil health. We studied the 8‐year cumulative impacts of winter rye (Secale cereale L.) CC on soil physical, chemical, and biological properties in rainfed and irrigated no‐till corn (Zea mays L.)‐based systems in the western US Corn Belt. Average annual CC biomass production was 0.56 ± 0.51 Mg ha−1 at the rainfed site and 0.98 ± 0.95 Mg ha−1 at the irrigated site. After 8 years, CC improved particulate organic matter (POM) and mean weight diameter of water‐stable aggregates (MWD) compared with no CC in the 0–5 cm soil depth at both sites. Cover crop increased total POM concentration by 2.8 mg g−1 at the rainfed site and by 13.4 mg g−1 at the irrigated site, while it increased MWD by 0.39 mm at the rainfed site and by 0.79 mm at the irrigated site. Also, CC increased soil C at a rate of 0.125 Mg ha−1 year−1 in the 0–5 cm depth but only at the rainfed site. Cover crop affected neither water infiltration nor available water but improved microbial biomass. Changes in other properties were site‐dependent. Cover crop improved many soil properties after 8 years even though measurement taken after 4 years showed no significant effect of CC, which indicates CC slowly impacts properties in this environment. Low CC biomass production and high biomass input from corn‐based systems may explain the slow soil response. In general, winter rye CC enhances near‐surface soil properties in the long term.
Evaluation of passive flux samplers with different orifice sizes to measure ammonia volatilization losses
Authors: Cabrera Miguel L. , Noor Nadia , Moore Logan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA common passive sampler used to measure NH3 volatilization losses in field studies has a nozzle with a 1‐mm, round orifice that reduces air flow to increase NH3 adsorption. This reduction in air flow, measured by the orifice's K value (0–1), implies a reduction in the amount of NH3 entering the sampler per unit of time, which may require a longer exposure to accumulate measurable quantities of NH3. Increasing the diameter of the orifice would increase the NH3 entering the sampler and possibly allow shorter exposure times, but it may also lead to increased NH3 bypass. The objectives of this research were to (1) determine the effect of wind speed on NH3 bypass in samplers with 1‐ or 2‐mm orifices, (2) determine the reduction in air speed in samplers with 1‐ or 2‐mm orifices by determining their K values, and (3) compare field NH3 volatilization losses measured with 1‐ and 2‐mm orifices. A laboratory study with wind speeds ranging from 0.6 to 10 m·s−1 showed that both orifice sizes had NH3 bypass at low and high wind speeds. Results from wind tunnel studies determined that flow was reduced to 63% (K = 0.63) in 1‐mm orifices and to 74% (K = 0.74) in 2‐mm orifices. Field studies indicated that 1‐mm orifices may measure greater NH3 volatilization losses than 2‐mm orifices at average low wind speeds when maximum wind speeds <10 m·s−1, but may measure equal or lower losses than 2‐mm orifices when several days occur with maximum wind speeds >10 m·s−1.
An integrated mechanism and challenges of mountainous sustainable development: A review of Hani Terraces, China
Authors: Zhang Yongxun , Zhang Aiping , Ma Yijiao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMountainous agriculture supports 15% of the global population, but its sustainability is facing challenges with the social transition. Honghe Hani Rice Terrace System (HHRTS), China, a double world‐level heritage, performs strong resilience to challenges. Available studies on HHRTS examines its sustainability from some perspectives but lack a systemic elaboration on its sustainable mechanism. This study extensively examines the literature on HHRTS and offers a comprehensive analysis of its sustainability. The findings suggest that mountainous agricultural sustainability depends on the support from relatively enough water and land resources and diverse employment based on these resources (economic sustainability), the environmental stability based on reasonable landscape structure, rich biodiversity and ecological farming methods (environmental sustainability), and social stability based on the well‐developing social structure, efficient management system, and relevant cultural restraint and guidance (social sustainability) as well as the dynamic interaction among the three dimensions. Among them, traditional knowledge and cultures play a positive role in maintaining the stability of terraced landscapes, but their role is weakening with industrialization and urbanization. This study provides a systemic explanation of a dynamic evolution mechanism that the economic and social factors drive local people to maintain a mountainous agricultural system from the agricultural society to the industrial society based on the theory of planned behavior. This study also provides abundant local knowledge, experiences, and an analytical framework for reconstructing a sustainable mountainous agricultural system in the socio‐economic transformation stage.
Managing risk in corporate groups: Limited liability, asset partitioning, and risk compartmentalization
Authors: Belenzon Sharon , Lee Honggi , Patacconi Andrea 
Published: June 2023

AbstractResearch SummaryLimited liability enables corporate parents to avoid financial responsibility of their subsidiaries. However, courts can disregard separate legal personality, “pierce the corporate veil,” and impose the debts of a subsidiary on its parent—an exception referred to as “enterprise liability.” We argue that in countries with weak enterprise liability, groups can better compartmentalize risks by incorporating more of their units as legally independent subsidiaries. Weaker enterprise liability may also induce headquarters to delegate more decision‐making authority to their subsidiaries, invest more, and expand faster, although failure rates could rise. Using data from 16 countries across the Americas, Asia, and Europe, we provide evidence supporting these predictions. This paper highlights two channels—risk compartmentalization and subsidiary autonomy—through which limited liability laws affect organizational outcomes.Managerial SummaryLimited liability is a key attribute of the corporate form. However, when the owner of a corporation is another corporation (as in corporate groups), a key justification for limited liability—to protect small, passive investors from unlimited losses—is severely weakened. We examine how variation in parent limited liability protections for subsidiaries across countries affect firm boundaries, internal organization, and performance. In countries with strong limited liability protections, groups partition their assets more finely into legally independent subsidiaries and grant their subsidiaries more autonomy. They also invest more and grow faster, although they experience higher rates of significant revenue declines. Our findings suggest that limited liability laws play a central role in shaping organizational structure and performance.
Asymmetric Hairpins DNA Encapsulated Silver Nanoclusters for In Situ Fluorescence Imaging of Fusion Gene Isoforms in Bone Marrow
Authors: Gou Xiaolong , Zhang Yangli , Zhu Shasha , Yu Xiaolin , Qin Lu , Cheng Xiaoxue , Zhang Yuhong , Ding Shijia , Chen Rui , Tang Hua , Cheng Wei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRapid and accurate imaging of the BCR/ABL fusion gene isoforms (e.g., e13a2, e14a2 and co‐expression type) of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is of vital importance to first‐line drug selection, but there is no assay that meets clinical needs (e.g., clinical kits > 18 h without isoforms information). Herein, an in situ imaging platform is developed for the rapid and accurate detection of CML fusion gene isoforms using asymmetric sequence‐enhanced hairpins DNA encapsulated silver nanoclusters (ADHA) and catalyzed hairpin assembly (CHA). The specific detection of e13a2 and e14a2 fusion gene isoforms with detection limits of 19.2 am (11.558 copies µL−1) and 32.56 am (19.601 copies µL−1) in one‐pot is achieved. The feasibility of the developed assay for real‐world applications are demonstrated by one‐step fluorescence imaging (40 min) of e13a2, e14a2 and co‐expression type in bone marrow quantitatively (International Standard: 15.66%–168.878%) and further validated by cDNA‐sequencing. This work suggests that the developed imaging platform holds great potential for rapid identification of the fusion gene isoforms and isoform related treatment monitoring.
Treatment recommendation based on SYNTAX score 2020 derived from coronary computed tomography angiography and invasive coronary angiography
Authors: Masuda Shinichiro , Serruys Patrick W. , Kageyama Shigetaka , Kotoku Nozomi , Ninomiya Kai , Garg Scot , Soo Alan , Morel Marie-Angele , Puskas John D. , Narula Jagat , Schneider Ulrich , Doenst Torsten , Tanaka Kaoru , de Mey Johan , La Meir Mark , Bartorelli Antonio L. , Mushtaq Saima , Pompilio Giulio , Andreini Daniele , Onuma Yoshinobu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe diagnostic performance of the SYNTAX score 2020 (SS-2020) when calculated using CCTA remains unknown. This study aimed to compare treatment recommendations based on the SS-2020 derived from coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) versus invasive coronary angiography (ICA). This interim analysis included 57 of the planned 114 patients with de-novo three-vessel disease, with or without left main coronary artery disease, enrolled in the ongoing FASTTRACK CABG trial. The anatomical SYNTAX scores derived from ICA or CCTA were evaluated by two separate teams of blinded core-lab analysts. Treatment recommendations were based on a maximal individual absolute risk difference in all-cause mortality between percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) of 4.5% ([predicted PCI mortality] – [predicted CABG mortality]). The level of agreement was evaluated with Bland–Altman plots and Cohen’s Kappa. The mean age was 66.2 ± 9.2 years and 89.5% of patients were male. Mean anatomical SYNTAX scores derived from ICA and CCTA were 35.1 ± 11.5 and 35.6 ± 11.4 (p = 0.751), respectively. The Bland–Altman analysis showed mean differences of − 0.26 and − 0.93, with standard deviation of 3.69 and 5.23, for 5- and 10-year all-cause mortality, respectively. The concordance in recommended treatment for 5- and 10-year mortalities were 84.2% (48/57 patients) and 80.7% (46/57 patients), with Cohen’s κ coefficients of 0.672 and 0.551. There was moderate to substantial agreement between treatment recommendations based on the SS-2020 derived using CCTA and ICA, suggesting that CCTA could be used as an alternative to ICA when making decisions regarding the modality of revascularization.
Value and limitations of machine learning in high-frequency nutrient data for gap-filling, forecasting, and transport process interpretation
Authors: Barcala Victoria , Rozemeijer Joachim , Ouwerkerk Kevin , Gerner Laurens , Osté Leonard 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHigh-frequency monitoring of water quality in catchments brings along the challenge of post-processing large amounts of data. Moreover, monitoring stations are often remote and technical issues resulting in data gaps are common. Machine learning algorithms can be applied to fill these gaps, and to a certain extent, for predictions and interpretation. The objectives of this study were (1) to evaluate six different machine learning models for gap-filling in a high-frequency nitrate and total phosphorus concentration time series, (2) to showcase the potential added value (and limitations) of machine learning to interpret underlying processes, and (3) to study the limits of machine learning algorithms for predictions outside the training period. We used a 4-year high-frequency dataset from a ditch draining one intensive dairy farm in the east of The Netherlands. Continuous time series of precipitation, evapotranspiration, groundwater levels, discharge, turbidity, and nitrate or total phosphorus were used as predictors for total phosphorus and nitrate concentrations respectively. Our results showed that the random forest algorithm had the best performance to fill in data-gaps, with R2 higher than 0.92 and short computation times. The feature importance helped understanding the changes in transport processes linked to water conservation measures and rain variability. Applying the machine learning model outside the training period resulted in a low performance, largely due to system changes (manure surplus and water conservation) which were not included as predictors. This study offers a valuable and novel example of how to use and interpret machine learning models for post-processing high-frequency water quality data.
Experimental Assessment of Emission Factors from Fires in the Built Environment Including Scaling Effects
Authors: Åström Joakim , McNamee Margaret , Truchot Benjamin , Marlair Guy , van Hees Patrick 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Concern for the health of the natural environment is growing as human population grows. Recently, renewed attention has been given to the environmental impact of fires and the fire implications of sustainability choices made in the built environment. To properly understand the environmental impact of fires, however, it is crucial that we can estimate fire emissions. This paper explores the concept of fire emissions and emission factors and investigates the potential to use small scale testing to develop emission factors for fire emissions. The findings show that there is a potential to use dynamic tests such as the cone calorimeter (CC, ISO 5660) and fire propagation apparatus (FPA, ISO 12136) to develop emission factors to estimate larger scale fire emissions, at least for CO and CO2 emissions. While there is a spread of data from between the CC or FPA and the medium scale tests, this is of the same order or less than the spread between the two small scale tests. The spread in emission factor values from the various tests is smaller for CO2 than for CO and greatest for small CO-emission factors (< 10 g/kg). More work is needed to similarly characterise a broad range of species.
FairSwiRL: fair semi-supervised classification with representation learning
Authors: Yang Shuyi , Cerrato Mattia , Ienco Dino , Pensa Ruggero G. , Esposito Roberto 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSemi-supervised learning has shown its potential in many real-world applications where only few labeled examples are available. However, when some fairness constraints need to be satisfied, semi-supervised classification models often struggle as they are required to cope with the lack of sufficient information for predicting the target variable while forgetting its relationships with any sensitive and potentially discriminatory attribute. To address this issue, we propose a fair semi-supervised representation learning architecture that leads to fair and accurate classification results even in very challenging scenarios with few labeled (but biased) instances. We show experimentally that our model can be easily adopted in very general settings, as the learned representations may be employed to train any supervised classifier. Moreover, when applied to several synthetic and real-world datasets, our method is competitive with state-of-the-art fair semi-supervised approaches.
Carbon emission-aware job scheduling for Kubernetes deployments
Authors: Piontek Tobias , Haghshenas Kawsar , Aiello Marco 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDecreasing carbon emissions of data centers while guaranteeing Quality of Service (QoS) is one of the major challenges for efficient resource management of large-scale cloud infrastructures and societal sustainability. Previous works in the area of carbon reduction mostly focus on decreasing overall energy consumption, replacing energy sources with renewable ones, and migrating workloads to locations where lower emissions are expected. These measures do not consider the energy mix of the power used for the data center. In other words, all KWh of energy are considered the same from the point of view of emissions, which is rarely the case in practice. In this paper, we overcome this deficit by proposing a novel practical CO2-aware workload scheduling algorithm implemented in the Kubernetes orchestrator to shift non-critical jobs in time. The proposed algorithm predicts future CO2 emissions by using historical data of energy generation, selects time-shiftable jobs, and creates job schedules utilizing greedy sub-optimal CO2 decisions. The proposed algorithm is implemented using Kubernetes’ scheduler extender solution due to its ease of deployment with little overheads. The algorithm is evaluated with real-world workload traces and compared to the default Kubernetes scheduling implementation on several actual scenarios.
True polar wander in the Earth system
Authors: Wang Chong , Mitchell Ross N. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTrue polar wander (TPW), or planetary reorientation, is the rotation of solid Earth (crust and mantle) about the liquid outer core in order to stabilize Earth’s rotation due to mass redistribution. Although TPW is well-documented on Earth presently with satellites and for multiple planets and moons in the Solar System, the prevalence of TPW in Earth history remains contentious. Despite a history of controversy, both the physical plausibility of TPW on Earth and an empirical basis for it are now undisputed. Lingering resistance to the old idea likely stems from the fact that, like plate tectonics, TPW may influence much of the Earth system, thus acknowledging its existence requires rethinking how many different datasets are interpreted. This review summarizes the development of TPW as a concept and provides a framework for future research that no longer regards TPW like a ghost process that may or may not exist, but as an integral part of the Earth system that can relate shallow and deep processes that are otherwise only mysteriously linked. Specifically, we focus on the temporal regularity of large TPW, and discuss its relationship with the supercontinent–megacontinent cycle based on previous studies. We suggest the assembly of mega-continents has a close linkage to large TPW. Meanwhile, supercontinent tenure and breakup have a close linkage to fast TPW. The effects of TPW on sea level changes, paleoclimate, biological diversity, and other facets of the Earth system are presented and require interdisciplinary tests in the future.
Das Gelassenheitsbarometer im Coaching – ein Selbstreflexionstool für vielfältige Kontexte
Authors: Kosuch Renate 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungHohe psychische Anspannung und fehlende Gelassenheit wirken sich einschränkend auf Akzeptanz- und Veränderungsmöglichkeiten aus. Daher ist es hilfreich, die damit verbundenen mentalen Abläufe erkennen zu können. Das auf Basis der Introvision als Methode der Gelassenheitsförderung entwickelte Selbsteinschätzungstool wird zur Sensibilisierung und zur Unterstützung der Regulierung kontextbezogener Gelassenheit vorgestellt. Die Ausführungen richten sich vor allem an Coaches, die ihren Methodenkoffer ergänzen und die sich hinsichtlich ihrer eigenen Gelassenheit im Coaching reflektieren wollen.