bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract A040: In vivo imaging of ovarian and non-small cell lung cancer models hosted in the Sprague-Dawley Rag2 null Il2rgamma null SRG rat (OncoRat®)
Authors: Begemann Diane , Johnston Nicolas , O’Callaghan Marissa , Walton Grace , Steffey Valeriya , Noto Fallon 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Human cancer xenografts are a vital tool for understanding tumor biology. While in vivo studies are traditionally done in immunocompromised mice, we have created the SRG OncoRat® that is an excellent host for human xenografts. In vivo luminescent imaging is routinely used in mouse models, and it is particularly useful for studying orthotopic xenografts or metastatic models. In this study, we validated the SRG rat as a model that can effectively be used for in vivo imaging of human cancers. For the current study, we assessed two tumor models. OV81.2-luc is a luciferase positive cell line that was generated from ascites collection from a grade IIIC serous ovarian carcinoma. Tumors were established by inoculating OV81.2-luc cells IP into female SRG rats and female NSG mice, then treated with vehicle or cisplatin for 28 days. Human non-small cell lung cancer line H358-luc is luciferase positive and metastasizes to lung when injected subcutaneously into the hind flank of SRG rats. Tumors were measured thrice weekly with calipers. For both studies, we performed weekly in vivo luciferase imaging using Spectral Instruments AMI-HT. Tumors established rapidly for both OV81.2-luc and H358-luc in both SRG rats and NSG mice, with luciferin positive signal starting one week post inoculation. In OV81.2-luc hosting animals, upon necropsy, tumors were found on multiple abdominal organs including the peritoneum, ovary, mesentery, intestines, kidneys, liver, and body cavity wall. Metastatic events outside the abdominal cavity were not evident in OV81.2-luc hosting animals. In H358-luc tumor bearing rats, a high metastatic tumor burden was found in the lungs. These data confirm that the SRG rat is an excellent host for studying human cancer when compared to commonly used immunodeficient mouse models. Data demonstrate that the SRG rat has a high utility for studies using both in vivo imaging, such as orthotopic tumor implantation, and studies on metastasis. As the most immunodeficient rat commercially available, the SRG rat retains the ability to establish human tumors while possessing size, physiology, and metabolism-based advantages when compared to mice.
Citation Format: Diane Begemann, Nicolas Johnston, Marissa O’Callaghan, Grace Walton, Valeriya Steffey, Fallon Noto. In vivo imaging of ovarian and non-small cell lung cancer models hosted in the Sprague-Dawley Rag2 null Il2rgamma null SRG rat (OncoRat®) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Cancer Metastasis; 2022 Nov 14-17; Portland, OR. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;83(2 Suppl_2):Abstract nr A040.
Abstract B046: MLL1 regulates cytokine-driven cell migration and metastasis
Authors: Nair Praful R. , Danilova Ludmila , Gómez-de-Mariscal Estibaliz , Kim Dongjoo , Fan Rong , Muñoz-Barrutia Arrate , Fertig Elana , Wirtz Denis 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Cell migration, particularly in three-dimensional (3D) environments, is a critical requirement for metastasis - the spread of cancer cells from a primary tumor to distant sites. Despite causing the vast majority of cancer-related deaths, targeting metastasis remains challenging clinically. Cancer cell migration can be triggered and maintained by elevated levels of cytokines, which are presumed to be predominantly secreted by immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. However, recent work has highlighted the importance and impact of cytokine production by cancer cells themselves. While the signaling cascades that regulate cell migration have been studied extensively, the epigenetic regulation of cell migration is still poorly understood. MLL1 is a histone methyltransferase, which along with its scaffold protein Menin, is integral to methylation at the histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4) site. Here, we show that the MLL1-Menin interaction is essential for the migration of cancer cells and that the disruption of this interaction impairs cell migration and metastasis. MLL1 depletion reduces 3D cell migration in vitro and led to lesser metastatic burden and prolonged survival in vivo. Reduced lung metastatic burden was observed even after accounting for the difference in the growth rate of primary tumors. Mechanistically, MLL1-Menin interaction controls actin filament assembly via the IL-6/pSTAT3/Arp3 axis and acto-myosin contractility via the TGF-β1/Gli2/ROCK1/2/pMLC2 axis, which together regulate dynamic protrusion generation and 3D cell migration. MLL1-Menin inhibition also decreases cell proliferation by inhibiting mitosis and cell cycle-related pathways. MLL1 depletion decreases primary tumor growth, metastatic spread, and metastatic outgrowth in mouse models of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), thus improving survival. Combining an MLL1-Menin inhibitor with Paclitaxel, a standard TNBC chemotherapeutic, abrogated tumor growth and metastasis in a syngeneic TNBC mouse model. Overall, our studies show that MLL1 is an epigenetic regulator of 3D cancer cell migration, which exerts its effects by controlling the production of the key cytokines IL-6 and TGF-β1. Our in vivo studies demonstrate the potential of targeting the MLL1-Menin interaction in metastasis prevention and its potential to be combined with currently administered chemotherapeutics.
Citation Format: Praful R. Nair, Ludmila Danilova, Estibaliz Gómez-de-Mariscal, Dongjoo Kim, Rong Fan, Arrate Muñoz-Barrutia, Elana Fertig, Denis Wirtz. MLL1 regulates cytokine-driven cell migration and metastasis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Cancer Metastasis; 2022 Nov 14-17; Portland, OR. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;83(2 Suppl_2):Abstract nr B046.
Atributos climáticos associados aos eventos de precipitação oculta no Parque Nacional de Aparados da Serra - RS/SC
Authors: Baratto Jakeline , Gobo João Paulo Assis , Alves Rogério Rozolen , Galvani Emerson , Wollmann Cássio Arthur 
Published: January 2023

Este trabalho tem como objetivo estabelecer a relação entre a ocorrência de precipitação oculta e os atributos climáticos no Parque Nacional de Aparados da Serra. Para esta análise foram instalados um coletor de nevoeiro e uma Estação Meteorológica Automática no local de estudo, para a coleta das informações de precipitação oculta (PO) e dados meteorológicos. Os dados foram coletados do período de novembro de 2017 até dezembro de 2018. Os dados de PO foram organizados em totais horários e as variáveis meteorológicas em médias horárias. Como resultados observou-se que as variáveis meteorológicas não apresentaram influência estatisticamente relevante na ocorrência de PO. Porém, os gráficos de dispersão mostraram que existe uma semelhança nos valores das variáveis na coleta de água dos nevoeiros. Predominantemente, os dados de temperatura do ar e temperatura do ponto de orvalho, variando entre de 4,0ºC até 6,0ºC, 10,0ºC até 13,0ºC e 16,0ºC até 18,0ºC na coleta de PO. Para a umidade absoluta do ar, os maiores volumes foram coletados entre 6,0g/m³ até 8,0g/m³, 9,0g/m³ até 11,0g/m³ e 13,0g/m³ e 15,0g/m³. Entre 1,0m.s-1 e 3,0m.s-1 e 4,0m.s-1 até 6,0m.s-1 ocorreram os maiores volumes de coleta por evento de PO. Apesar de não existir correlações na ocorrência de PO, quanto às variáveis meteorológicas, observou-se uma semelhança nas variáveis quando ocorreram os maiores volumes e registros de PO.
De Novo Postpartum Hypertension: Incidence and Risk Factors at a Safety-Net Hospital
Authors: Parker Samantha E. , Ajayi Ayodele , Yarrington Christina D. 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Postpartum hypertension can be persistent, following a pregnancy complicated by hypertension, or new onset (de novo), following a normotensive pregnancy. The aim of this study is to estimate the incidence and identify risk factors for de novo postpartum hypertension (dn-PPHTN) among a diverse safety-net hospital population.

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 3925 deliveries from 2016 to 2018. All blood pressure (BP) measures during pregnancy through 12 months postpartum were extracted from medical records. Patients with chronic hypertension or hypertensive disorders of pregnancy were excluded. dn-PPHTN was defined as 2 separate BP readings with systolic BP ≥140 mm Hg and diastolic BP ≥90 mm Hg at least 48 hours after delivery. Severe dn-PPHTN was defined as systolic BP ≥160 and diastolic BP ≥110. We examined risk factors individually and in combination and timing of diagnosis.

Results:
Among the 2465 patients without a history of hypertension, 12.1% (n=298) developed dn-PPHTN; 17.1% of whom had severe dn-PPHTN (n=51). Compared to those without dn-PPHTN; cases were more likely to be ≥35 years, delivered via cesarean, or be current or former smokers. Patients with all of these characteristics had a 29% risk of developing dn-PPHTN, which was elevated among non-Hispanic Black patients (36%). Approximately 22% of cases were diagnosed after 6 weeks postpartum.

Conclusions:
More than 1 in 10 patients with normotensive pregnancies experience dn-PPHTN in the year after delivery. Opportunities to monitor and manage patients at the highest risk of dn-PPHTN throughout the entire year postpartum could mitigate cardiovascular related maternal morbidity.
A Better Hegemon? My Little Pony as a Pop Representation of Diplomacy in the Context of American Hegemony
Authors: Clerc Louis 
Published: January 2023

Summary
Social imaginaries carried by the entertainment industry matter for understanding how the general public makes sense of complex social phenomena. Mass culture is a representation of pre-existing ideas on international politics, rooted in space and time, and a constitutive element of the social and political world. Mass entertainment, as well as massively popular forms of popular culture such as video games, are only now entering the field of vision of scholars interested in cultural representations of international relations. This article contributes to this trend by looking at visions of diplomacy present in a global mass entertainment franchise: Hasbro’s My Little Pony. Behind the lighter aspects of a show created for young children lies a fictional universe with elements of diplomacy and international relations. The article insists on the importance of visions of early 21st-century American unipolar order and a liberal view of international politics in the show’s world.
Odontocetes (‘Toothed Whales’): Cognitive Science and Moral Standing – Are Dolphins Persons?
Authors: Pettit Sara G. , McCulloch Steven P. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Odontocetes, or ‘toothed whales’, have a complex brain structure and possess rationality, self-awareness, sociability and culture. Cognitive science and modern theories of personhood challenge the notion that humans alone are moral persons. This paper reviews evidence from the cognitive science literature relevant to moral personhood in bottlenose dolphins, orcas, and beluga whales. It applies theories of personhood of Peter Singer, David DeGrazia, and Steven Wise, and finds that odontocetes fulfil criteria to be granted at least borderline personhood. The legal implications of attributing personhood to dolphins remains uncertain. Recognition of dolphin personhood may lead to fundamental legal rights against capture, captivity, and killing; alternatively, the courts may continue to restrict legal personhood and associated protections to human beings. Finally, despite the major influence of personhood on morality and law in the West, the biologically more widespread quality of sentience is sufficient for greater moral considerability and legal protections for nonhuman species.
Towards the Upper-Ocean Unbalanced Submesoscale Motions in the Oleander Observations
Authors: Cao Haijin , Fox-Kemper Baylor , Jing Zhiyou , Song Xiangzhou , Liu Yuyi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Oceanic submesoscale dynamics with horizontal scales < 20 km have similar temporal and spatial scales as internal gravity waves (IGWs), but they differ dynamically and have distinct impacts on the ocean. Separating unbalanced submesoscale motions (USMs), quasi-balanced submesoscale motions (QBMs), and IGWs in observations remains a great challenge. Based on the wave–vortex decomposition and the vertical scale separation approach for distinguishing IGWs and USMs, the long-term repeat Oleander observations in the Gulf Stream region provide an opportunity to quantify these processes separately. Here in this study, the role of USMs in the divergence is emphasized, which has confounded the wave–vortex decomposition of wintertime data in previous analyses. We also adopt the vertical filtering approach to identify the USMs by applying a high-pass filter to the vertical scales, as USMs are characterized by smaller vertical scales. This approach is tested with submesoscale-permitting model data to confirm its effectiveness in filtering the submesoscale velocity perturbations, before being applied to the compiled velocity data of the Oleander dataset (years 2005–18). The results show that the averaged submesoscale eddy kinetic energy by USMs can reach ∼1 × 10−3 m2 s−2 at z = −30 m in winter, much stronger than found in other seasons. Importantly, this study exemplifies the possibility of obtaining USMs from existing ADCP observations and reveals the seasonal dynamical regimes for the submesoscales.
Young adult–targeted vaping cessation media campaigns: Promising themes
Authors: Eggers Matthew E , Fajobi OlaOluwa , Kelly Lisa K , Thompson Jesse , Nonnemaker James M 
Published: January 2023

Objective: With the proliferation of vaping in recent years, vaping-related mass media campaigns have been implemented to discourage vaping among youth and young adults. Research on salient vaping-related themes for vaping cessation is lacking. This study aimed to identify promising belief themes for use in young adult-targeted vaping cessation media campaigns. Design, Setting and Method: In 2020, we conducted an online survey of 620 New York residents aged 18 to 35 years who were currently using vape products. We asked respondents about vaping-related beliefs across multiple domains and about their intentions to quit vaping. We assessed endorsement with various belief themes and strength of association between belief themes and intention to quit vaping to identify promising themes for vaping cessation messaging. Results: Most belief themes had moderate endorsement and thus ample room to move. Among dual users and vapers only, themes of harmful ingredients and the health consequences of vaping demonstrated strong promise as themes for message targeting. Among dual users, all but two themes (smoking cessation and harm to others) demonstrated positive, statistically significant associations with intentions to quit vaping and potential percentage to gain scores with confidence intervals that did not overlap with zero. Among vapers only, themes of harmful ingredients and health consequences of vaping had the strongest association with intentions to quit vaping and the highest potential percentage to gain. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that most belief themes have substantial room to move, and that themes of harmful ingredients and health consequences of vaping are particularly promising for vaping cessation campaigns aimed towards dual users and vapers only. Study findings can be used by planners to inform the development and implementation of high-impact media campaigns to promote vaping cessation among young adults.
Monetary Policy and Stock Market Interaction: International Evidence
Authors: Saini Sakshi , Sehgal Sanjay 
Published: January 2023

This article investigates monetary policy and stock market interaction across 41 developed and developing economies using GMM-Panel VAR model. The analysis is undertaken in two sub-periods—before and after the crisis of 2008 to make a comparative assessment of whether the relationship between monetary policy and stock prices altered in the aftermath of the crisis. We verify the existence of different channels of monetary transmission to stock prices. Our results point to the prevalence of discount rate channel of monetary policy in affecting stock prices after the crisis of 2008. Further, our results indicate an important role of excess liquidity in pushing stock prices upward in developed economies in the post-crisis period. In developing economies, term premia channel is the dominant channel of transmission to stock prices. Also, we find evidence of monetary authorities of developed economies responding directly to stock price movements to ensure financial stability in the post-crisis period. Central banks react primarily to inflationary pressures by tightening monetary policy both before and after the crisis in developed and developing economies. JEL Codes: C32, E44, E52, F42
Changes in Stress, Depression, and Anxiety Symptoms in a Brazilian Sample During Quarantine Across the Early Phases of the COVID-19 Crisis
Authors: Blacutt Miguel , Filgueiras Alberto , Stults-Kolehmainen Matthew 
Published: January 2023

Objective We aimed to estimate prevalence and incidence of stress, depression, and anxiety symptoms in Brazilians during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method We assessed 103 (54 women, 49 men) participants online in three periods of the pandemic: March 2020 (T1), April 2020 (T2), and June 2020 (T3). Estimates of prevalence and incidence were identified when mental health scores were two standard deviations above the mean compared to normative data. Mental health indicators were measured using the Perceived Stress Scale, the Filgueiras Depression Index, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory – State Subscale. Results At T1, 89% of individuals were below cut-off scores for stress, anxiety, and depression, which dropped to 35% by T3. Estimated stress prevalence was 1.9% at T1, 7.8% at T2, and 28.2% at T3. Estimated depression prevalence was 0% at T1, 23.3% at T2, and 25.2% at T3. Estimated state anxiety prevalence was 10.7% at T1, 11.7% at T2, and 45.6% at T3. Stress incidence increased by 7.8% from T1 to T2, and 23.3% from T2 to T3. Depression incidence increased by 23.3% from T1 to T2, and 15.5% from T2 to T3. Anxiety incidence increased by 9.7% from T1 to T2, and 39.8% from T2 to T3. Stress severity scores significantly increased from 16.1 ± 8.7 at T1 to 23.5 ± 8.4 at T2, and 30.3 ± 6.0 at T3. Depression severity scores significantly increased from 48.5 ± 20.5 at T1 to 64.7 ± 30.2 at T2, and 75.9 ± 26.1 at T3. Anxiety increased from 49.0 ± 13.4 at T1 to 53.5 ± 12.5 at T2 and 62.3 ± 13.4 at T3. Females had significantly higher anxiety scores than males by T3 (66.7 ± 11.8 vs. 57.4 ± 13.5). Conclusion Prevalence and incidence of stress, depression, and anxiety significantly increased throughout the pandemic. The largest increase in stress and anxiety occurred between T2 and T3, and between T1 and T2 for depression. Severity of stress, depression, and anxiety increased throughout the study.
Subtyping of hepatocellular adenomas using Gd-EOB-DTPA: a qualitative and quantitative analysis
Authors: Schaible Jan , Schreyer Andreas G , Mehrabi Arianeb , Longerich Thomas , Kieser Meinhard , Kreimeyer Sylvia , Klauss Miriam , Grenacher Lars 
Published: January 2023

Background The goal of medical imaging is not only to identify the entity “hepatocellular adenoma,” but to detect typical magnetic resonance (MR) patterns of the subtypes so that lesions with a higher malignant transformation rate could be differentiated from those that should just be controlled. Purpose To evaluate the differentiation between subtypes of hepatocellular adenomas using hepatobiliary specific contrast agent (Gd-EOB-DTPA) in MR imaging. Material/Methods A total of 11 patients with 39 lesions with histologically proven hepatocellular adenomas were evaluated. Of the, 34 were inflammatory hepatocellular adenomas (IHCA) and 5 were HNF1α adenomas. No β-catenin-mutated adenoma was found. In all patients, a standard protocol considering the guidelines of the international consensus conference of Gd-EOB-DTPA was performed in a 1.5-T scanner. Besides a qualitative analysis of all sequences, we measured the quantitative signal intensity (SI) ratio in all examinations. Results Qualitative analysis showed that best sequences for differentiation of HNF1α adenomas from IHCA were T1-weighted (T1W) precontrast ( P = 0.03) and portalvenous phase ( P < 0.0001) as well as arterial phase ( P = 0.002). All adenomas were hypointense in hepatobiliary phase (15 min). The quantitative analyses of the SI ratio and of lesion-to-liver contrast (LLC) ratio show statistically significant differences in T1W precontrast (SI: P = 0.035; LLC: P = 0.049) and portalvenous phase (SI: P = 0.002; LLC: P = 0.002). Conclusion Subtyping of hepatocellular adenomas using Gd-EOB-DTPA is possible due to qualitative and quantitative analyses regarding T1W precontrast and portalvenous phase. In addition, the SI ratio and liver-to-lesion contrast ratio in the arterial phase gave additional qualitative information for differentiation.
Perception of COVID-19-related stigma and associated psychological challenges among healthcare workers at Cairo University hospitals
Authors: Gaber Dalia Mohamed , Ahmed Marwa Mostafa , Sayed Amal Mohamed , Elkholy Yasmine Samy , Sarhan Mai Diaa 
Published: January 2023

Objectives The current study explores the level of perceived social stigma and associated psychological challenges among healthcare workers during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of 150 healthcare workers at Cairo University hospitals that were confirmed positive for COVID-19 infection. Participants were interviewed for assessment of perceived COVID-19-related stigma and associated psychological symptoms using the Patient Health Questionnaire for depression, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment for anxiety, and the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for post-traumatic stress symptoms. Results Two-thirds of participants perceived moderate-to-severe COVID-19-related stigma. Depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress symptoms were observed at varying levels in 58.0%, 38.0%, and 11.3% of participants, respectively. Female sex and occupation as a nurse were significantly associated with the total perceived COVID-19-related stigma score. COVID-19-related stigma perception significantly correlated with depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress. Conclusion Perceived social stigma prevails among healthcare workers and is associated with numerous psychological disturbances.
L-carnitine attenuates acoustic startle reflex dysfunction in adult male rats exposed to mancozeb
Authors: Dehghani Ali , Pourjafari Farimah , Koohkan Faeze , Haghpanh Tahereh , Pourjafari Fahimeh , Sheibani Vahid , Afarinesh Mohammad Reza 
Published: January 2023

The fungicide mancozeb increases oxygen-free radicals in the central nervous system. As an antioxidant, L-carnitine protects DNA and cell membranes from damage caused by oxygen-free radicals. The present study investigated how L-carnitine affected the acoustic startle response (ASR) in rats exposed to mancozeb. In this experimental study, male Wistar rats were gavaged orally with mancozeb (500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg), L-carnitine (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg), or L-carnitine (200 mg/kg) + mancozeb (500 mg/kg) three times in 1 week. In the sham group, saline (0.9%, 10 mL/kg) was gavaged at a volume equivalent to that of the drugs. The control group did not receive any treatment. The results showed that locomotor activity and the percentage of prepulse inhibition in the mancozeb groups decreased compared to the sham group while these parameters increased in the L-carnitine group (200 mg/kg) compared to sham rats. In conclusion, mancozeb may increase the risk factor for cognitive diseases such as schizophrenia in people exposed to it while pretreatment with L-carnitine can attenuate the toxic effect.