bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thalassemia‐related complications in pediatric, adolescent, and young adult patients with transfusion‐dependent thalassemia: A multicenter study in Thailand
Authors: Surapolchai Pacharapan , Songdej Duantida , Hantaweepant Chattree , Tantiworawit Adisak , Charoenkwan Pimlak , Lauhasurayotin Supanun , Torcharus Kitti , Sripornsawan Pornpun , Sutcharitchan Pranee , Konwilaisak Patcharee , Saengboon Supawee , Pongtanakul Bunchoo , Teawtrakul Nattiya ,   the Red Blood Cell Disorders Study Group
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionManagement of transfusion‐dependent thalassemia (TDT) can be challenging due to numerous potential disease‐related complications and comorbidities in particular age groups. The objective of this study was to report thalassemia‐related complications and risk factors in pediatric, adolescent, and young adult patients with TDT.MethodsA multicenter web‐based registry was conducted in patients with TDT aged 25 years and younger from eight university hospitals covering all parts of Thailand. Factors significantly associated with each complication were analyzed by logistic regression methods.ResultsOf 605 patients, 267 thalassemia‐related complications were reported from 231 pediatric, adolescent, and young adult patients with TDT patients (38.2%). The most common complications were infections, followed by cholelithiasis and growth failure. Splenectomy and elevated pre‐transfusion hemoglobin were statistically significant risk factors for infections (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.3, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2–4.5, p‐value = .01 and AOR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.2–1.7, p‐value < .005, respectively). There were two statistically significant risk factors conferred endocrinopathies, including older age (AOR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01–1.1, p‐value = .01) and being male (AOR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.4–4.0, p‐value = .002).ConclusionNearly 40% of the patients in this cohort had thalassemia‐related complications. Periodic surveillance and optimal care for respective complications may minimize comorbidities in pediatric, adolescent, and young adult patients with TDT.
Hybrid reinforced effect of long carbon fiber and short glass fiber on polycarbonate foams
Authors: Zhou Ying‐Guo , Zhang Ying‐Long 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBecause of advantages such as remarkable mechanical properties and the ease of recycling, fiber‐reinforced thermoplastic polymer composites have been increasing in importance in industrial, transport, and sporting potential extraordinary applications. To fabricate polycarbonate (PC) components with lightweight and high mechanical properties, short glass fiber (SGF), long carbon fiber (LCF) reinforcement, and foaming technology were used in this study. The effects of SGF, LCF, and SGF/LCF on the mechanical properties and foaming quality of PC samples were carefully investigated and compared. The results show that SGF has a better foaming nucleation effect than LCF, and the mechanical enhancement effect of LCF is more significant than that of SGF. The combination of SGF and LCF can effectively improve the cell quality of foam samples and significantly enhance their mechanical properties. Therefore, a comprehensive application of the fiber‐reinforcement effect of PC resin is proposed.Highlights
LCF and SGF reinforced PC foams have been successfully fabricated.
Hybrid reinforced effect of LCF and SGF on PC foams was verified.
Quality evaluation of Hawk tea from different months and regions based on quantitative analysis of multiple components with a single marker (QAMS) combined with HPLC fingerprint
Authors: Luo Juan , Cao Wei‐guo , Yu Bao , Chen Huan , Wu Ying‐qin , Li Yang‐hong , Pu Xi‐yu , Zhong Xue , Zhang Dan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundHawk tea, a medicinal and edible plant, has been consumed for thousands of years in Southwest China. To date, no unified food safety standard for Hawk tea has been established, and systematic research on the quality of Hawk tea is lacking.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to develop a comprehensive evaluation method for the quality of Hawk tea based on inclusions content, high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprinting combined with the quantitative analysis of multiple components with a single marker (QAMS) method.MethodsThe contents of total flavonoids, total phenols, total polysaccharides, and total protein were determined using the colorimetric method. An effective comprehensive evaluation method was established to classify the 16 batches of samples based on HPLC fingerprint analysis combined with similarity analysis (SA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA), partial least‐squares discrimination analysis (PLS‐DA), and the QAMS method.ResultsFlavonoids were the main chemical components of Hawk tea. The accuracy of the QAMS method was verified by comparing the calculated results with those of the external standard method (ESM). No significant differences were found between the two methods. Additionally, the fingerprint of Hawk tea was also established.ConclusionThe method established in this study can be used for the comprehensive quality evaluation of Hawk tea and can also provide a reference for the quality evaluation of other herbal medicines.
The influence of perceptual and semantic chunking on the neural mechanism of remote association
Authors: Sun Tie , Xiao Feng , Liang Pei‐Peng , Luo Jing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractStudies on remote association tests (RATs) have mainly focused on cognitive processes involved in searching for remote associations. However, factors affecting these search processes and remote associations remain unclear. In order to address this issue, this study compared non‐chunking condition (e.g., “哲/财/由”) with perceptual chunking (two red color characters in the three‐character item “哲/财/由”) and semantic chunking (high‐frequency word‐pair in the item; e.g., “哲/学/由”, “哲学,” literally “philosophy”) conditions in the Chinese Remote Association Test (CRAT). The behavioral results on the CRAT found that the semantic ones resulted in significantly lower successful solving rates and longer response times than the other two conditions. The event‐related potential (ERP) results showed that in contrast to the perceptual‐chunking and the non‐chunking condition, the semantic‐chunking elicited enhanced P200, which might be related to the intuitive awareness of the mental fixation. However, relative to the non‐chunking condition, the two chunking conditions evoked increased N400 and late positive component (LPC), indexing the late reflection and implementation of cognitive control. Our results suggest that it is the early awareness of the semantic chunk, rather than the general cognitive control process involved in representing and solving the semantically and perceptually chunk‐induced interferences, that critically determines the final solving of RATs.
The effects of HeartMath Heart Lock‐In on elementary students' HRV and self‐reported emotion regulation skills
Authors: Bearden Anomi G. , van Oostrom Sanne , Brown Stephen B. R. E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIt is important to address social and emotional concerns early on, as they can adversely affect learning at all levels. The classroom is an ideal context for fostering healthy social and emotional development. For example, emotion regulation can be reinforced through simple daily practices within schools. The current applied research project was in collaboration with multiple community partners and assessed the effectiveness of a classroom‐based HeartMath practice (Heart Lock‐In) on resting heart rate variability (HRV) and self‐reported emotional benefits in elementary students. This repeated‐measures study was conducted in central Alberta, Canada, in 2020 and involved obtaining pre–post HRV measurements from N = 24 grade five students who participated in a teacher‐led 5‐min Heart Lock‐In (like loving‐kindness—radiating love to oneself and others) daily for 4 weeks. We hypothesized that the practice would increase resting HRV compared to a 4‐week relaxation control. Qualitative questions were included to capture perceptions of the utility and impact of the practice. Univariate analysis of variance revealed that the HeartMath intervention significantly increased HRV compared to the relaxation control. Students reported enhanced emotional stability, feeling more positive about themselves, and improved interpersonal relationships. They expressed that the practice gives them better focus, which helps us to improve their performance (e.g., in academics and athletics). These findings provide evidence that a simple and short HeartMath ER practice can be practical for school educators, administrators, and counselors to implement in the classroom.
Graduate migration, partisanship, and city preferences: An experimental approach to place‐consonant migration decisions
Authors: Ewers Michael , Shockley Bethany 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHow do university students evaluate prospective jobs in different cities after graduation? While the literature has identified drivers of graduate migration, research has yet to account for the role of individual social and political attitudes in shaping destination preferences. Using a conjoint survey experiment, this paper introduces the concept of place‐consonant migration to describe the desire for proximity to like‐minded communities with respect to political partisanship. Building on research that has established the utility of experiments in evaluating complex migration decision‐making, we provided University of North Carolina at Charlotte undergraduate students with hypothetical job packages to consider upon graduation which combined the city names with randomised levels of income and amenity factors. Adapting to rapidly changing social and political dynamics, we conducted the experiment across three cross‐sections of students to capture the potential impact of the Covid‐19 pandemic and other social and political developments on the migration decisions of college graduates. The analysis demonstrates how place characteristics combine with individual partisan attitudes to produce place‐consonant migration preferences among students. Moreover, by conducting multiple waves of our experiment during contemporaneous social and political events, our results show that place‐consonant preferences change over time.
The contribution of a mesoscale cyclone and associated meteotsunami to the exceptional flood in Venice on November 12, 2019
Authors: Ferrarin Christian , Orlić Mirko , Bajo Marco , Davolio Silvio , Umgiesser Georg , Lionello Piero 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOn November 12, 2019, an exceptional flood event took place in Venice, second only to the one that occurred on November 4, 1966. The sea level reached a peak value of 1.89 m above the local datum determining the flooding of almost 90% of the pedestrian surface of the historical city. Several processes concurred to raise the water level in Venice and the northern Adriatic Sea on November 12, 2019. Among these, a fast‐moving mesoscale cyclone travelled at about 12 m s in the northwestward direction over the northern Adriatic Sea, raising the sea levels at the shore in front of the Lagoon of Venice. High‐resolution numerical simulations indicated that atmosphere–ocean resonance occurred on November 12, 2019, generating a meteotsunami‐like wave that contributed significantly to the extreme sea level in Venice. The relative contributions of the wind and air pressure to the peak sea level were also estimated. Additional numerical experiments were performed to prove the occurrence of Proudman resonance and to determine a transfer function of such high‐frequency sea‐level perturbations for the Lagoon of Venice.
Convective systems and rainfall in East Africa
Authors: Hill Peter G. , Stein Thorwald H. M. , Cafaro Carlo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEast Africa is particularly vulnerable to weather extremes, with severe weather linked to thousands of deaths per year. Improved forecasts of convective events in this region are urgently needed, from both nowcasting and numerical weather prediction models. Improving these forecasts requires further knowledge of convection in this region. This study aims to improve understanding of convective events in East Africa, based on a six‐year climatology of convective life cycles and the associated precipitation. Convective systems are identified as contiguous areas of cold cloud in geostationary satellite measurements over East Africa. A tracking algorithm is used to trace the evolution of the properties of these systems through time and space. Matching the systems to surface precipitation obtained from satellite microwave observations provides insight into how the life cycles of these systems relate to precipitation at the surface. Over the region as a whole, 59% of the accumulated precipitation can be attributed to the tracked convective systems. The majority (81%) of heavy precipitation events (10 mmhr−1) are attributable to convective systems, while light rainfall events (1 mmhr−1) are not (1.8%). Most of the tracked convective systems have an area less than 400 km2 and last for less than an hour. However, the less frequent larger longer‐lived systems produce the majority of the regional accumulated precipitation. Composite life cycles of the tracked systems show rapid intensification and the heaviest precipitation initially, followed by a steady increase in area and weakening in intensity before the system decays. Finally, the Madden–Julian oscillation, which plays a key role in intraseasonal rainfall variability in the region, is also linked to the amount of rainfall due to convective systems through changes in the frequency and properties of these systems.
Quantum Attacks on Type‐1 Generalized Feistel Schemes
Authors: Sun Hong‐Wei , Cai Bin‐Bin , Qin Su‐Juan , Wen Qiao‐Yan , Gao Fei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGeneralized Feistel schemes (GFSs) are extremely important and extensively researched cryptographic schemes. In this paper, the security of Type‐1 GFS in quantum circumstances is investigated. On the one hand, in the qCCA setting, a new quantum polynomial‐time distinguisher on ‐round Type‐1 GFS with branches is given, which extends the previous results by rounds. This leads to a more efficient analysis of type‐1 GFS, that is, the complexity of some previous key‐recovery attacks is reduced by a factor of , wherekis the key length of the internal round function. On the other hand, for CAST‐256, which is a certain block cipher based on Type‐1 GFS, a 17‐round quantum distinguisher in the qCPA setting is given. Based on this, an ‐round quantum key‐recovery attack with complexity is constructed.
Wood Lamella‐Inspired Photothermal Stearic Acid‐Eutectic Gallium‐Indium‐Based Phase Change Aerogel for Thermal Management and Infrared Stealth
Authors: Wei Zechang , Zhang Yaoxin , Cai Chenyang , Qu Hao , Fu Yu , Tan Swee Ching 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEutectic Gallium‐Indium (EGaIn) liquid metal is an emerging phase change metal material, but its low phase transition enthalpy and low light absorption limit its application in photothermal phase change energy storage materials (PCMs) field. Here, based on the dipole layer mechanism, stearic acid (STA)‐EGaIn‐based PCMs which exhibit extraordinary solar‐thermal performance and phase change enthalpy are fabricated by ball milling method. The wood lamella‐inspired cellulose‐derived aerogel and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) are used to support the PCMs by the capillary force and decrease the interfacial thermal resistance. The resulted PCMs achieved excellent photothermal conversion performance and leakage proof. They have excellent thermal conductivity of 0.31 W m−1 K−1(this is increased by 138% as compared with pure STA), and high phase change enthalpy of187.50 J g−1, which is higher than the most of the reported PCMs. Additionally, the thermal management system and infrared stealth materials based on the PCMs are developed. This work provides a new way to fabricate smart EGaIn‐based PCMs for energy storage device thermal management and infrared stealth.
Effect of Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Based Confinement Layers on the Performance of Phase‐Change Heterostructure Memory
Authors: Kim Tae Ho , Park Seung Woo , Lee Ho Jin , Kim Dong Hyun , Choi Jun Young , Kim Tae Geun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPhase‐change random‐access memory is a promising non‐volatile memory technology. However repeated phase‐change operations can cause durability issues owing to defects formed by long‐distance atom diffusion. To mitigate these issues, phase‐change heterostructure (PCH) devices with confinement material (CM) layers based on transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) such as TiTe2 have been proposed. This study implements PCH devices with additional TMDs, including NiTe2 and MoTe2, alongside TiTe2, and analyzes their characteristics by examining the differences in the CM layers. The results show that the NiTe2‐based PCH device demonstrates a RESET current of 1.4 mA, 38% lower than that of the TiTe2‐based device, enabling low‐power operation. Furthermore, the MoTe2‐based PCH device exhibits a cycling endurance exceeding 107 cycles, a five‐fold improvement in durability compare with the TiTe2‐based device. The performance differences observe in each PCH device can be attributed to the variation in the material properties, such as the cohesive energy and electrical conductivity, of the TMDs used as the CM layer. These results provide critical clues to improve the performance and reliability of conventional PCH memory devices.
Clamps and saddles – Part 1: Refined design approaches
Authors: Eltvik Liv , Haspel Lorenz , Misiek Thomas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe article presents the current status of the revision of EN 1993‐1‐11 with regard to the design of saddles and clamps for ropes or for parallel wire tension components for suspended structures. The focus here is on presenting a general approach for clamps. For saddles, emphasis is on types where the slip resistance is – in addition to the component from deviation forces – increased by clamping forces, although general aspects are also covered. The starting point is a (retrospective) look at the provisions in national standards and guidelines as well as in the current version of EN 1993‐1‐11 (2006). Subsequently, the new provisions are presented, and the different new coefficients are explained in detail.
Electronic Health Records as Source of Research Data
Authors: Wang Wenjuan , Ferrari Davide , Haddon-Hill Gabriel , Curcin Vasa 
Published: July 2023

AbstractElectronic health records (EHRs) are the collection of all digitalized information regarding individual’s health. EHRs are not only the base for storing clinical information for archival purposes, but they are also the bedrock on which clinical research and data science thrive. In this chapter, we describe the main aspects of good quality EHR systems, and some of the standard practices in their implementation, to then conclude with details and reflections on their governance and private management.
Machine Learning and Brain Imaging for Psychiatric Disorders: New Perspectives
Authors: Brossollet Ivan , Gallet Quentin , Favre Pauline , Houenou Josselin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPsychiatric disorders include a broad panel of heterogeneous conditions. Among the most severe psychiatric diseases, in intensity and incidence, depression will affect 15–20% of the population in their lifetime, schizophrenia 0.7–1%, and bipolar disorder 1–2.5%. Today, the diagnosis is solely based on clinical evaluation, causing major issues since it is subjective and as different diseases can present similar symptoms. These limitations in diagnosis lead to limitations in the classification of psychiatric diseases and treatments. There is therefore a great need for new biomarkers, usable at an individual level. Among them, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows to measure potential brain abnormalities in patients with psychiatric disorders. This creates datasets with high dimensionality and very subtle variations between healthy subjects and patients, making machine and statistical learning ideal tools to extract biomarkers from these data. Machine learning brings different tools that could be useful to tackle these issues. On the one hand, supervised learning can support automated classification between different psychiatric conditions. On the other hand, unsupervised learning could allow the identification of new homogeneous subgroups of patients, refining our understanding of the classification of these disorders. In this chapter, we will review current research applying machine learning tools to brain imaging in psychiatry, and we will discuss its interest, limitations, and future applications.
Discretion, Automation, and Proportionality
Authors: Enqvist Lena , Naarttijärvi Markus 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis contribution examines the relationship between automation, discretion, and proportionality. It argues that automation efforts in public administration need to be further discussed and analyzed in relation to requirements of proportionality flowing from both national and European law, as the principle carries important implications for both the implementation of automated systems and the responsibilities of decision-makers within those systems. The different facets of proportionality flowing from, inter alia, constitutional, and human rights law, administrative law, and data protection law are explored, with four distinct stages of proportionality analysis identified: legislative, system, decision, and ex post proportionality. These stages all carry different implications for discretion and the prospects of automation. Through the requirements in these different stages, the authors conclude that proportionality ought to act as another driver of keeping human oversight of automated systems. This human oversight will however, in relation to proportionality, require further contextual awareness and control of correct output proportionality, a role which may be significantly more demanding than a more limited oversight implied by current legal discussions on “humans in the loop”.
Effectiveness of HyFlex Simulation-Based Clinical Learning in Comparison to Traditional Learning in Undergraduate Clinical Education
Authors: Abuzaid Mohamed M. , Elshami Wiam , Issa Bashar , Taha Mohamed H. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe use of blended educational approaches, including HyFlex simulation in recent years and during the COVID-19 pandemic, has impacted medical education and has drawn attention to a new teaching method. However, integrating new teaching methods has its advantages and disadvantages. The effectiveness of HyFlex simulation is not well studied in the literature. The study aims to assess the effectiveness of HyFlex simulation-based clinical learning in comparison to traditional learning in undergraduate clinical education. The study collected demographic data, satisfaction, effectiveness, and acceptance. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The mean scores of satisfactions and previous experience among graduates and students were compared using an independent sample t-test. A p-value of less than 0.05 was used as the significant level. One hundred twenty-four participants in this cross-sectional study completed an online survey. These were graduates (n = 62) and students (n = 62) from the University of Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates. The results showed that students had positive feedback about the HyFlex simulation learning method, especially the content, design, rationale, effect of simulation in acquiring knowledge and improving objective achievement. In addition, HyFlex boosted students’ knowledge enhanced student-centered learning and clinical practice assessment. However, they reported that face-to-face learning was significantly more effective for acquiring practical skills than HyFlex simulation learning.