bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic neurocognitive adaptation in aging: Development and validation of a new scale
Authors: Cieri Filippo , Di Francesco Giulia , Cross Chad Lee , Bender Andrew , Caldwell Jessica Zoe Kirkland 
Published: January 2025

AbstractINTRODUCTIONForty‐five percent of Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases may have been preventable through protective factors. Reserve, resilience, and resistance share common neurocognitive adaptive processes, acting through protective mechanisms. In this article we propose the development and validation of a new scale, called dynamic Neurocognitive Adaptation, developed in this direction.METHODSWe included 815 participants (50% women; 65+ years inclusive of age), divided into two subsamples for exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Our initial scale was composed of 30 items, investigating seven dimensions, explored by a 5‐point Likert scale reflecting the frequency of activities, for seven time windows.RESULTSOur final scale had 20 items divided among four dimensions: physical, cognitive, creative, and social. There were no issues related to multi‐collinearity or non‐collinearity. Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin (KMO) = 0.80 and Bartlett's test of sphericity indicated all values ≤0.01; Cronbach's alpha = 0.83.DISCUSSIONWe have validated a reliable, novel, easy to complete, and comprehensive scale to assess lifetime behaviors, which can be applied in research on AD risk reduction, mild cognitive impairment, and in clinical practice.Highlights
Reserve, resistance, and resilience share similar adaptive mechanisms.
Dynamic Neurocognitive Adaptation is a new scale to assess lifetime protective factors.
Dynamic Neurocognitive Adaptation is a reliable, novel, and easy to complete scale.
This approach can characterize specific life stages that are ripe for risk‐reduction interventions.
Our scale can be used to personalize health recommendations in aging.
A Review on Medical Image Segmentation: Datasets, Technical Models, Challenges and Solutions
Authors: Gan Hong‐Seng , Ramlee Muhammad Hanif , Wang Zimu , Shimizu Akinobu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMedical image segmentation is prerequisite in computer‐aided diagnosis. As the field experiences tremendous paradigm changes since the introduction of foundation models, technicality of deep medical segmentation model is no longer a privilege limited to computer science researchers. A comprehensive educational resource suitable for researchers of broad, different backgrounds such as biomedical and medicine, is needed. This review strategically covers the evolving trends that happens to different fundamental components of medical image segmentation such as the emerging of multimodal medical image datasets, updates on deep learning libraries, classical‐to‐contemporary development in deep segmentation models and latest challenges with focus on enhancing the interpretability and generalizability of model. Last, the conclusion section highlights on future trends in deep medical segmentation that worth further attention and investigations.
NGS-basierte („next generation sequencing“) molekulare Panelanalyse des metastasierten Prostatakarzinoms: Wie häufig finden wir therapierbare Mutationen?
Authors: Steenbock Olivia , Paffenholz Pia , Rieger Constantin , Heidenreich Julian , Pfister David , von Brandenstein Melanie , Heidenreich Axel 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung

Einleitung
Die Leitlinien fordern nach Versagen der systemischen Ersttherapie des metastasierten hormonsensitiven Prostatakarzinoms (mHSPC) eine molekulare Analyse zur Identifikation therapierbarer Mutationen. Wir berichten über unsere Ergebnisse der molekularen Diagnostik bei Patienten mit metastasiertem kastrationsresistenten PCA (mCRPC).

Patienten und Methodik
311 Patienten mit mCRPC erhielten eine molekulare Panelanalyse von archivierten Prostatektomiepräparaten oder Computertomografie(CT)-gestützten Biopsien progredienter Metastasen mittels standardisiertem NGS-Verfahren eines Panels von 18 spezifischen Mutationen bzw. dem TSO500-Panel.

Ergebnisse
Unabhängig vom Entnahmeort hatten 299/311 (96 %) der Biopsien einen ausreichenden DNA-Gehalt für das NGS. NGS erfolgte aus Prostata (31 %), Lymphknoten (26 %), viszeralen (17 %) und ossären (18 %) Metastasen. Bei 223 (75 %) bzw. 76 (25 %) Patienten wurden aktivierende/inhibierende bzw. keine Mutationen identifiziert. Am häufigsten fanden sich Mutationen der HRD-Gene (BRCA 1/2, ATM, CDK12, CHEK2, FANCA, Rad51C) sowie des p53 mit jeweils 22 %. Die Mehrzahl der p53Mutationen waren inaktivierend, in 3 Fällen wurde eine Gain-of-function-Mutation identifiziert. Mutationen der HRD-Gene inklusive eines positiven HRD-Scores waren in > 50 % pathogen, so dass PARP-Inhibitoren eingesetzt werden konnten. Aktivierende Androgenrezeptor – sowie inaktivierende PTEN/aktivierende PIC3Ca-Mutationen fanden sich bei 42 (14 %) bzw. 24 (8 %) Patienten. Aufgrund der spezifischen AR-Mutationen wurde eine Therapieumstellung bei 14 Patienten vorgenommen. Mutationen der Mismatch-repair-deficiency-Gene/MSI-high lagen in 3 Fällen vor, so dass Pembrolizumab appliziert werden konnte. Die Addition des TSO500-Panels identifizierte nur bei 4,5 % der Patienten zusätzliche Mutationen, bei nur 2 % der Patienten hätte diese eine therapeutische Implikation gehabt.

Schlussfolgerungen
Eine NGS-Analyse beim mCRPC zeigt bei einem Drittel der Patienten Mutationen auf, die bereits jetzt zielgerichtet therapierbar sind. Eine fundierte Analyse der HRD-Gene sowie von AR-Mutationen sollte nach Versagen der Erstlinientherapie erfolgen. Eine ausgedehnte molekulare Analyse empfiehlt sich nach Versagen der sequentiellen Standardtherapie. Die molekulare Analyse mittels des TSO500-Panels ist nur in wenigen Fällen zielführend.

Graphic abstract
Oral supplementation of curcumin-encapsulated chitosan nanoconjugates as an innovative strategy for mitigating nickel-mediated hepatorenal toxicity in rats
Authors: Hassanen Eman I. , Hassan Neven H. , Mehanna Sally , Hussien Ahmed M. , Ibrahim Marwa A. , Mohammed Faten F. , Farroh Khaled Y. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Nickel pollution adversely affects human health and causes various disorders, mainly hepatic and renal dysfunction. The present work focused on a comparative evaluation of the pure form of curcumin (CU) with curcumin-encapsulated chitosan nanoconjugates (CS/CU NCs), on mitigation of the delirious effects of Ni on hepatorenal tissue. Forty-two male rats were allocated into 6 groups (n = 7 for each) as follows: (1) control, (2) CU, (3) CS/CU NCs, (4) Ni, (5) Ni + CU, (6) Ni + CS/CU NCs. After 30 days, blood and tissue (liver and kidneys) were collected to measure hepatorenal biomarkers, oxidant/antioxidant balance, inflammatory gene expression, liver and kidney histopathology, and immunohistochemistry. Results revealed disruption of hepatorenal functions, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers at biochemical and molecular levels associated with severe hepatorenal histopathological alterations and abnormal immunohistochemical tissue expression for caspase-3 and cyclooxygenase-2. On the contrary, the treatment of Ni-intoxicated rats with CS/CU NCs markedly mitigated the adverse effect of Ni on hepatorenal tissue via regulation of oxidative stress, inflammatory, and apoptotic markers. The present study provides a novel nanoformulation for curcumin using CS NPs encapsulation that selectively targets the injured cells and improves the beneficial effect of CU via enhancing the antioxidant activity and regulating both inflammatory and apoptotic markers.
Danish translation and linguistic validation of the GENDER-Q, a patient-reported outcome measure for use in gender-affirming care
Authors: Igbokwe Michelle Mistry , Poulsen Lotte , Taulbjerg Kristensen Tine , Klassen Anne F , Kaur Manraj N , Breitkopf Trisia , Graesser Jack , Holmgaard Rikke , Sørensen Jens Ahm 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Globally, the number of individuals identifying as transgender and gender-diverse [TGD] has grown in the last decade. This study aimed to perform a Danish linguistic translation and cultural adaptation of the GENDER-Q, a new patient-reported outcome measure [PROM] designed to evaluate outcomes of gender-affirming care.

Methods
The field test version of the GENDER-Q (959 items) was translated into Danish using guidelines from the International Society of Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research and the World Health Organization to ensure accuracy, cultural relevance, and validity. This included two forward translations, a backward translation, an expert panel meeting, and two rounds of patient cognitive interviews.

Results
The forward translations resulted in revisions of 142 items, which were then harmonized to form the backward translation version. A comparison of the back translation to the original questionnaire led to a total of 43 changes to items and response options. The revised version was reviewed in an expert panel meeting and minor changes were made with 28 patient participants using cognitive debriefing interviews. The translated version was proofread, resulting in the Danish translation of the GENDER-Q.

Conclusions
The GENDER-Q was translated and culturally adapted for use in the Danish TGD adult population. The GENDER-Q has the potential to enhance the understanding and improvement of treatment and health-related quality-of-life outcomes for adults seeking gender-affirming care.

Level of Evidence:
Not gradable.
Thorough investigation of exact wave solutions in nonlinear thermoelasticity theory under the influence of gravity using advanced analytical methods
Authors: Rabie Wafaa B. , Ahmed Hamdy M. , Marin Marin , Syied Abdallah A. , Abd-Elmonem Assmaa , Abdalla Nesreen Sirelkhtam Elmki , Ismail Mohamed F. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This work aims to develop a deeper understanding of wave propagation in thermoelastic materials by deriving exact wave solutions for governing equations that account for gravity and temperature-dependent material properties. The study employs the improved modified extended tanh-function method (IMETFM) to address the coupled thermal and mechanical behaviorsin these materials, enabling the formulation of analytical solutions that capture complex wave phenomena. By extending the traditional tanh-function approach, the IMETFM allows for the derivation of diverse wave structures, including hyperbolic, polynomial, exponential, combo dark soliton, bright soliton, singular soliton, rational, and Jacobi elliptic solutions. These solutions are characterized by free parameters, offering thermoelastic in analyzing various physical scenarios. The study provides detailed graphical representations of key results, including stress tensors, displacement fields, and temperature distributions, offering visual insights into the intricate interactions within thermoelastic systems. The study’s findings emphasize the critical role of gravity and temperature dependence in shaping wave propagation and aim to advance theoretical understanding while offering potential applications in material science and engineering.
Vertebral osteomyelitis in patients with infective endocarditis: prevalence, risk factors and mortality
Authors: Douiyeb S. , Sigaloff K. C. E. , Ulas E. G. , Duffels M. G. J. , Drexhage O. , Germans T. , Wagenaar J.F.P. , Buis D. T. P. , van der Vaart T. W. , van Werkhoven C. H. , Prins J. M. , Umans V. A. W. M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Infective endocarditis (IE) can be complicated by vertebral osteomyelitis (VO). This study investigates risk factors associated with VO in patients with infective endocarditis, and 6-month mortality and relapse rates in patients with IE and concomitant VO.

Methods
We performed a observational study in two hospitals between September 2016 and October 2022. Patients with possible or definite IE according European Society of Cardiology (2015) modified criteria were retrieved from the local endocarditis team registries. The VO diagnosis was based on radiological signs, irrespective of clinical symptoms. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for vertebral osteomyelitis.

Results
We included 633 consecutive patients with IE. A total of 229 (36.2%) patients had prosthetic valves and 127 (20.1%) had cardiac implantable electronic devices. The most frequent causative micro-organism was Streptococcus species (217, 34.3%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (167, 26.4%). VO was diagnosed in 73 patients (11.5%, 95% CI 9.0%-14.0%). Enterococcus spp.(OR 2.48, 95% CI 1.31–4.52) and age (OR 1.04 per year, 95% CI 1.02–1.06) were independently associated with concomitant VO. The 6-month mortality risk did not differ between patients with (16/73, 21.9%) or without (110/560, 19.6%) VO (HR 1.13, 95% CI 0.67–1.91). Relapse rate was higher in patients with VO but the difference was not statistically significant (16.1 vs. 7.5%, OR 3.62, 95% CI 0.94–13.34).

Conclusions
Twelve percent of patients with IE also had VO. Among older patients and patients with IE caused by enterococci, there should be a higher index of suspicion for vertebral infection.
Efficacy and safety of laser interstitial thermal therapy versus radiofrequency ablation and stereotactic radiosurgery in the treatment of intractable mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mohsen Youstina , Sarhan Khalid , Alawadi Ibrahim Saleh , Elmahdi Reem Reda , Kozaa Yasmeena Abdelall , Gomaa Menna A. , Serag Ibrahim , Shahein Mostafa 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Epilepsy is a common neurological disease that is treated with medications; however, patients with drug-resistant epilepsy, commonly intractable temporal lobe epilepsy, tend to have better control with surgical treatment. While the mainstay of surgical treatment is anterior temporal lobectomy, it carries risk of potential adverse effects hence minimally invasive techniques are now being used as an alternative to open surgery. This systematic review and meta-analysis compare the efficacy and safety of three of the most used techniques: laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT), radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). Multiple databases were searched and PRISMA guidelines were followed to make an indirect meta-analysis using the currently available studies for the three techniques in terms of seizure freedom, risk of major complications and reoperations. Further subgroup analyses were carried out for LITT in terms of follow up periods and seizure freedom in patients with or without hippocampal sclerosis. A total of 42 papers were included in this study with a total of 1675 patients (1303 treated by LITT, 188 treated by RFA and 184 treated by SRS). LITT had the highest rate of seizure freedom (55.0%, CI 51.5 − 58.5%, P = 0.148), and the lowest rates of major complications (2.3%, CI 1.2 − 3.5%, P = 0.070), and reoperations (14.3%, CI 10.4 − 18.3%, P = 0.042) compared to RFA and SRS which had seizure freedom of 46.3% (CI 18.8 − 73.7%, P = 0.000) and 53.8% (CI 44.4 − 63.3%; I^2 = 40.4%, P = 0.098), major complication rate of 3.9% (CI 0.7 − 7.0%; I^2 = 0%, P = 0.458) and 14.3% (CI 3.1 − 25.5%, P = 0.000) and reoperation rate of 28.6% (CI -4.3 − 61.5%, P = 0.000) and 15.4% (CI 6.1 − 24.8%; I^2 = 0%, P = 0.392) respectively. In conclusion, LITT showed the highest rate of seizure freedom and the lowest rate of major complications and reoperations compared to RFA and SRS in single-arm studies of intractable mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. However, the lack of direct comparisons between treatment modalities limits definitive conclusions. Despite this, LITT appears to offer a favorable safety profile, warranting further prospective, comparative studies to validate these findings.
Development of a Neutral Mine Drainage Prediction Method Using Modified Kinetics Tests and Assessment of Sorption Capacities
Authors: Marmier Vincent , Plante Benoît , Demers Isabelle , Benzaazoua Mostafa 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Prediction of neutral mine drainage (NMD) chemistry is difficult with the predictive tools developed for acid mine drainage (AMD). To address this problem, a methodology to assess NMD risk was developed using Lac Tio Mine waste rock as a positive control. The methodology compares the maximum potential for contaminant release (in this case, nickel) using the waste rock’s total metal content and the sorption capacity of the material (qmax) combined with a mineralogical assessment and modified kinetic leaching experiments that use a chelating agent to prevent immobilization processes from occurring. The results indicate that the potential NMD risk associated with Lac Tio waste rock would be assessed as probable with the proposed methodology. Indeed, the total nickel concentrations in the Lac Tio waste rock range from 270 to 590 mg/kg. The nickel is found in Ni-rich pyrites, which proved to effectively leach when no immobilization occurred (using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, or EDTA, leaching). The material’s sorption capacities were between 127 and 197 mg/kg of Ni. The sorption capacity to total Ni content ratio of the material was < 1, indicating that the material has fewer sorption sites for Ni than Ni contained within the material, thereby underscoring the potential risk of Ni leaching over time. The approach proposed in this work provides an additional tool for the assessment water quality risk associated with NMD.
Digital Blackface and Its Argumentative Implications
Authors: Henning Tempest M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
While much has been written regarding the harms of Digital Blackface, within this paper I argue that Digital Blackface is harmful on an argumentative level, as opposed to merely socio-political. My position is that the usage of Black GIFs/memes should be curtailed by non-Black and non-users of African American Argumentation (AAA). Rather than offering socio-political reasons members of these groups ought not to use Digital Blackface, I utilize the Pragma-Dialectical model of argumentation. My argument hinges on Black GIFs/memes utilized by non-Blacks and non-AAA users violating two Pragma-Dialectical rules: 1 – the starting point rule and 2 – the usage rule.
Wheat Bread Supplemented with Egg Albumin: Structural Features, and In Vitro Starch and Protein Digestibility
Authors: Rosas-Rivas J. , Rodríguez-Huezo M. E. , Vernon-Carter E. J. , Alvarez-Ramirez J. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study aimed to explore the effects of egg albumin protein addition (5, 15 and 20 g/100 g db) on the textural characteristics, as well as in the in vitro digestibility of protein and starch of wheat bread. Egg albumin addition resulted in smoother bread loaves as compared to traditional wheat bread. Reduced hardness and increased cohesiveness were correlated to the protein secondary structure, mainly with the content of β-sheets. The in vitro protein digestibility decreased with the albumin addition, suggesting the mediation of protein-starch interactions. The in vitro starch digestibility was also decreased, reflected in a huge decrease of the slowly digestible starch fraction, but with non-significant changes in the rapidly digestible starch fraction. The supplemented albumin can form a physical barrier around the starch granules, which hampers the access of the amylolytic enzymes to the starch chains. Overall, the results of this study suggest that the addition of egg albumin is a viable alternative for producing wheat bread with reduced glycemic index and improved nutritional properties.
Effect of different carbon sources and concentrations on in vitro propagation of chestnut
Authors: Akyüz Burak 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The in vitro propagation of chestnut is a crucial approach to address the limitations of traditional propagation methods. It encounters issues like insufficient rooting and multiplication. This research investigated the impact of sucrose, glucose, maltose and concentrations (20 g/L and 30 g/L) on the growth and biochemical profiles of the hybrid chestnut cultivar ‘Marsol’ (C. sativa × C. crenata). Essential parameters encompassed plant height, leaf area, callus size, chlorophyll content, enzymatic activity, and secondary metabolite composition determined using GC-MS analysis. For each carbon source and concentration, thirty-six biological replicates were analyzed. The findings underlined the essential function of sucrose, especially at 30 g/L, in enhancing plant height (5.30 ± 0.04 cm), shoot multiplication (4.50 ± 0.50 shoots per explant), and the coloration of leaves (minimum L value of 35.78 ± 0.27, maximum SPAD value of 13.21 ± 1.27). Glucose similarly promoted growth but to a slightly lower degree, whereas maltose continuously exhibited inferior performance. The callus’s diameters, a crucial indicator of regeneration potential, were greatest with 30 g/L sucrose (1.664 ± 0.26 cm width), highlighting its effectiveness in cellular differentiation. GC-MS analysis demonstrated various biochemical profiles affected by the carbon source. Sucrose treatments showed elevated concentrations of pyrogallol and hexadecanoic acid derivatives associated with stress tolerance and metabolic control. Furthermore, enzymatic tests revealed that the carbon source and concentration influenced phenol oxidase (PO) and catalase (CAT) activity, with sucrose producing ideal equilibria between oxidative stress and antioxidant responses. The findings provide critical insights for optimizing the nutritional medium to improve propagation efficiency for important chestnut cultivars/genotypes.
A Study on Structural Changes During the Thermal Stabilization Stage of Hemp Fibers Impregnated with Phosphoric Acid Before Carbonization and Activation
Authors: Gül Abdullah 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
After being wet treated with 4% phosphoric acid (H3PO4) aqueous solution, industrial hemp fiber was subjected to thermal stabilization processes at temperatures of 160, 180, 200, 220, 240 and finally 250 °C and holding times of 30 min. Some basic analyses were used to determine the structural and characteristic changes of all samples for the thermal stabilization of hemp fibers in an oxygen environment before the carbonization and activation processes. These included linear density, fiber thickness, flame testing, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (IR), X-ray diffraction, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) measurements. DSC analysis showed that impregnation of the phosphoric acid (PA) mixture increased thermal stabilization and prevented the formation of volatile products by blocking the hydroxyl groups in the cellulose structure. TGA thermograms showed an increase in carbon yield at increasing stabilization temperature values. The results from XRD indicated that the cellulose II crystal structure disappears with the increase of the stabilization temperature and an amorphous structure appears. IR spectra show that the partial loss of intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonds continues as a result of the simultaneous removal of hydroxyl groups and water removal reactions. After a 250 °C stabilization, the carbon yield at 900 °C was 42%. These findings highlight the importance of H3PO4 in accelerating the formation of an aromatic structure, which is critical for withstanding the high temperatures of subsequent carbonization and activation stages.

Graphical abstract