bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Investigations on Surface Topography and Scratching Performance of Silicon Nitride Ceramics Ablated by Nanosecond Pulsed Laser
Authors: Niu Yan , Pang Jingzhu , Wu Chongjun , Wang Qingxia 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In the processing of hard and brittle materials such as silicon nitride (𝑆𝑖3𝑁4), machining is often accompanied by numerous shortcomings which lead to poor processing efficiency. In order to enhance the grinding efficiency of silicon nitride ceramics, the material’s strength is weakened through a 355 nm nanosecond pulsed laser for generating microscale textural patterns on ceramic surfaces. This paper investigates the influence of overlap rate on the material surface and the scratching characteristics of single diamond abrasive grains on the grooved and cratered surfaces to elucidate the material removal mechanism of the textured surface. Experimental results indicate that the time series of laser ablation depth follows fractal geometry, and the laser ablation products primarily consist of a mixture of silicon and silica. Laser-induced surface texturing facilitates a transition in the material removal mechanism from a mode dominated by plastic flow to a mixed mode involving both brittle fracture and plastic flow. In contrast to grooved surfaces, cratered surfaces demonstrate diminished fracture impact regions and lower acoustic emission signal values, thereby making them more suitable for machining operations under high levels of scratching force.
Multicentric Evaluation of High and Low Power Lasers on RIRS Success Using Propensity Score Analysis
Authors: Erol Eren , Ecer Gokhan , Kiremit Murat Can , Gokce Mehmet İlker , Balasar Mehmet , Sarikaya Ahmet Furkan , Babayigit Muammer , Karaarslan Umut Can , Aksoy Elif Ipek , Sarica Kemal , Ahmed Kamran , Güven Selçuk 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objectives
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of HPL on different parameters by different centers and urologists.While doing this, we evaluated different parameters by comparing HPL(High Power laser) and LPL(Low power laser).
Methods
This is an observational, retrospective, comparative, multicentric study of prospectively organised database. A total of 217 patients who underwent RIRS for kidney stones smaller than 2 cm in three different centers were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups; LPL used (Group1, n:121 patients) and HPL used (Group2, n:96). Propensity score matching was done in the data analysis part. After matching, a total of 192 patients, 96 patients in both groups, were evaluated.
Results
There was no difference between the groups regarding age, gender, stone side, and stone location. The stone-free rate on the first day was 80.3% in Group 1, it was 78.1% in Group 2 (p=0.9). In the third month, it was 90.7% in Group 1 and 87.5% in Group 2 (p:0.7).Hospitalization duration was significantly higher in Group 1. (2.35±2.27 days vs. 1.42±1.10 days; p<0.001).The operation duration was 88.70±29.72 minutes in Group1 and 66.17±41.02 minutes in Group2 (p<0.001). The fluoroscopy time (FT) was 90.73±4.79 seconds in Group 1 and 50.78±5.64 seconds in Group 2 (p<0.001).Complications according to Clavien Classification, were similar between the groups(p>0.05) (Table 2).
Conclusion
According to our study similar SFR and complication rates were found with HPL and LPL. In addition, patients who used HPL had lower operation time, hospital stay, and fluoroscopy time than the LPL group.Although high-power lasers are expensive in terms of cost, they affect many parameters and strengthen the hand of urologists thanks to the wide energy and frequency range they offer.
Application of MFI-5 assessment in severe complications and unfavourable outcomes after radical resection of colorectal cancer
Authors: Huang Lihong , Jian Mengru , Li Zhifa , Wu Xiaobing , Chen Huixian , Qin Haifeng , Li Ziqiao , Song Shixi , Xie Yingjun , Chen Rong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE
Frailty " is a hallmark of physiologic decline of multiple organ systems and places elderly colorectal cancer patients at increased risk for poor prognosis. While 11 modified frailty indices (MFI-11) have been shown to predict adverse outcomes after radical resection of colorectal cancer, 5 modified frailty indices (MFI-5) have not been studied in this population.
Methods
Retrospective analysis of patients over 65 years of age who underwent radical resection of colorectal cancer. The MFI-5 score was calculated for each patient, and an MFI-5 score ≥ 2 was defined as frailty. Univariate and multivariate analyses the MFI-5 were performed to determine the value of adverse outcomes and complications after surgery.
Results
The incidence of serious postoperative complications (53% vs. 30%; P = 0.001) and length of hospital stay [19.00 (15.00-24.50) vs. 17.00 (14.00–20.00); P < 0.05] were significantly prolonged in patients with a MFI5 score ≥ 2. MFI-5 score greater than 2 was an independent risk factor for severe postoperative complications (odds ratio 2.297; 95% confidence interval 1.216 to 4.339; P = 0.01) and an MFI-5 score predicted severe postoperative complications with an area under the ROC curve of 0.629 (95% confidence interval 0.551 to 0.707; P < 0.05).
Conclusion
The MFI-5 is a sensitive tool for predicting serious complications, prolonged hospital stay, and mortality after radical resection of colorectal carcinoma. The MFI-5 is a practical clinical assessment tool for identifying high-risk patients and supporting preoperative optimization.
Mechanical Characterization and Torsional Buckling Effects of Pediatric Vascular Patches
Authors: Donmazov Samir , Piskin Senol , Arnaz Ahmet , Pekkan Kerem 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

The selection of cardiovascular conduits during reconstructive surgical operations presents a significant challenge due to the potential complications that may arise post-operatively, depending on various parameters, including patient-to-patient variation. One particularly common mechanical complication is torsional buckling and conduit surface deformation, which occurs at the anastomosis site due to the mechanical instability of the composite material structure. This study investigates the torsional buckling characteristics of commonly used pediatric surgical materials. A practical method for estimating the critical buckling rotation angle at any physiological intramural pressure is derived utilizing experimental data on actual surgical conduits and uniaxial and biaxial tensile tests. While the proposed technique successfully predicted the critical rotation angle values of artificial conduits, Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and Dacron, at all lumen pressures, its accuracy for biological materials, such as porcine pericardium, is lower. Applicable to all surgical materials, this formulation enables surgeons to assess and analyze the torsional buckling potential of vascular conduits without the need for invasive procedures. This predictive capability is critical as new surgical materials steadily emerge. Among the three common materials studied, Dacron has been found to exhibit the highest stability against torsional buckling, while porcine pericardium has been identified as the least stable material. This conclusion is drawn based on the observed direct correlation between the resistance to torsional buckling under lumen pressure and the shear modulus of the materials. PTFE exhibited highly nonlinear behavior, with three different Young's modulus values reported to correspond to distinct mechanical characteristics. Dacron demonstrated a logarithmic behavior in the stress-strain relationship. The mechanical response of porcine pericardium was found to be highly anisotropic, with the Young's modulus in the circumferential direction being 12 times greater than the Young’s modulus in the axial direction. The stress-like material parameter in Fung's pseudo 2D strain energy function for porcine pericardium was found to be approximately 8 times greater than the literature value for human intracranial blood vessels. This significant difference indicates that porcine pericardium, unless preconditioned before implantation, may not be suitable for use as a vascular conduit due to its unsuitability in replicating the mechanical behavior of human blood vessels.
Thunderstorm climatology of Slovakia between 1984-2003
Authors: Vido Jaroslav , Borsányi Peter , Nalevanková Paulína , Hanzelová Miriam , Kučera Jiří , Škvarenina Jaroslav 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Thunderstorms are among the most extreme meteorological phenomena that can cause widespread destruction and loss of life. Their occurrence varies significantly across different regions and times of the year. Despite various studies on thunderstorm activity across Central Europe, direct analyses based on data from the Slovak territory still need to be made available. Given Slovakia's diverse natural conditions, there is a need for detailed knowledge about the frequency and spatial distribution of thunderstorms in this region. To address this knowledge gap, we analysed the frequency and spatiotemporal distribution of days with thunderstorm occurrences in Slovakia between 1984 and 2003, utilising climatological data from the Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute. We limited our analysis to data of days with close thunderstorms (thunderstorms occurring within 3 km of the monitoring station). Our findings reveal a significant variation in thunderstorm occurrences across Slovakia, with peak activity in the summer, especially in June and July. However, the spatial distribution of thunderstorms differed significantly across the country, with the highest frequency observed in mountainous regions and the central part of Slovakia. We found no significant change in the trend of thunderstorm activity during the studied period, including analyses during the colder part of the year. This research advances our understanding of thunderstorm climatology in Slovakia. From a broader perspective, our study fills the spatial gap detailing the Slovak territory within Central Europe and provides insights beneficial for future studies.
Performance evaluation of solar photovoltaic panels under bird droppings accumulation using thermography
Authors: Ali Khaled Abdeen Mousa Ali , Fodah Ahmed Elsayed Mahmoud , Abuhussein Mohamed Fawzi Abdelshafie , Osman Yasser Kamal Osman Taha , Abdelwahab Taha Abdelfattah Mohammed , El-wahhab Gomaa Galal Abd 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Bird guano accumulated on solar photovoltaic (SPV) panels caused a reduction of its output power by blocking the sunlight received on it. Therefore, thermal imaging was used to understand and study the effect of bird droppings accumulated on SPV panels. Four number of bird droppings (1, 2, 3, and 4 drops) were studied and compared with clean SPV panel (control). Front and backside temperatures of the SPV module have been evaluated in addition to current, voltage, power, and efficiency of the SPV modules. The study found that high-density of droppings accumulation on the frontside of SPV modules significantly decreased their temperature due to increased solar radiation reflection. The bird guano accumulated on the SPV module with 4 drops led to a decrease in output currents of the SPV modules by 36–38% as compared with the clean SPV module. While the module voltage was found to be slightly affected by the bird guano accumulated on it. The bird guano accumulated on the SPV module with 4 drops led to a decrease in output power and efficiency of the SPV modules by 26% and 43% respectively as compared with the clean SPV module. Therefore, the importance of this work is to understand how the accumulation of feces affects the performance of the SPV performance, as it clearly demonstrates its negative impact.
Resveratrol Attenuates Exercise-induced Acute Kidney Injury by Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome-mediated Renal Tubular Pyroptosis
Authors: Li Fang , Wang Chuanjun , Wang Jianshe , Hong Da , Zhai Pengfei , Cao Jianmin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background:Scholars have raised concerns that exercise-induced acute kidney injury (EAKI) could cause long-term renal damage and that new therapeutic strategies should be explored. Resveratrol is a natural agonist of silent mating-type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1). Increasing lines of evidence in clinical and experimental animal models have confirmed the renal protective effect of resveratrol. However, the application of resveratrol against EAKI has not been fully revealed.Methods:A four-week treadmill running session was adopted to build an EAKI model in rats. Thein vitromodel was induced by bovine serum album (BSA) in HK-2 cells. The levels of renal function biomarkers (protein to creatinine ratio, albumin to creatinine ratio, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen) were detected by an automatic biochemical analyzer. H and E staining was used to evaluate the severity of renal injury. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining were conducted to verify the expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Renal tubular injury markers (NGAL, KIM-1) and renal inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-18, TNF-α, IL-6) were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. HK-2 cell pyroptosis was detected by Hochest33342/PI staining. Pharmacological interventionwith SIRT1 was performed to clarify its function in resveratrol-mediated effects.ResultsResults of protein expression and morphological analyses showed the occurrence of pyroptosis in the renal tubules of the EAKI rats. Resveratrol reduced not only post-exercise proteinuria but also the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the kidneys after exhausting exercise. Resveratrol also inhibited the NLRP3-ASC-caspase1 inflammasome and pyroptosis. Mechanistically, resveratrol promoted SIRT1 expression and attenuated NF-κB activation. Inhibiting SIRT1 (by EX527) reversed resveratrol-mediated effects against renal injury and pyroptosis in HK-2 cells. Administration of resveratrol mitigated renal injury by suppressing inflammation and pyroptosis.ConclusionResveratrol could attenuate exercise-induced renal injury by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated renal tubular pyroptosis.
Chemically controlled self-assembly Behaviors of Dibenzo-24-crown-8 Bearing Ammonium Salt Moiety
Authors: Tian Xia , Han Jianrong , zhou shengwei , Wang Yupeng , Li Yuting , Wang Chengbin , Su Wei , Liu Shouxin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A novel [c2] daisy chain was successfully constructed by the hermaphroditic monomer of dibenzo[24]-crown-8 (DB24C8) derivative bearing secondary ammonium salt (1) from the analysis of the solution-phase behavior of parent monomers and single-crystal X-ray analysis. 1H NMR spectroscopy was employed to show that the crown ether moiety and the secondary ammonium salt unit underwent acid–base and alkali metal cation dependent switches. The complexation behavior of this hermaphroditic monomer in the solution was further demonstrated to exhibit the controlled photophysical behavior as a reversible luminescent switch in the presence of acids or bases. Solid morphology was determined by SEM
Identification of alpha 1B glycoprotein and haptoglobin 1 as probable biomarkers for early diagnosis of leprosy
Authors: Gautam Sakshi , Sharma Devesh , Singh Sakshi , Arora Mamta , Goel Anjana , Khan Abdul Mabood , Bisht Deepa 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Diagnosis of early leprosy is a major hurdle to disease control and has been compromised due to lack of specific markers or tests. As proteins are the functional moiety, circulating proteins in sera could be attractive diagnostic markers of disease. Our knowledge regarding the proteome of contacts, which contribute the highest risk group for leprosy development, is not comprehensive. Development of highly sensitive diagnostic methods to screen this population is need of the hour. Present study exploited the proteomics tools for differential expression of novel proteins in sera of contact and leprosy case as compared to healthy control. Highly abundant proteins were removed from the serum sample, followed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, bioinformatics tools for protein identification. On analyzing and comparing the two-dimensional patterns, we observed differential expression of five proteins, four proteins were over-expressed, and one protein was downregulated. Four over-expressed proteins were identified as alpha 1B glycoprotein (A1BG), haptoglobin 1, serotransferrin isoforms 1 and 3 and one under expressed protein was identified as hemopexin. We propose identification of two potential candidate biomarkers alpha 1B glycoprotein and haptoglobin 1 for diagnosis of early leprosy. These proteins might serve as potential biomarkers for diagnosis of early leprosy and would allow interventions before the onset of clinical symptoms.
A New Notion of Hexa Regular Closed Sets via HexaTopological Space
Authors: R Mohana Priya , S Santhiya 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce and study a new class of sets called hexa regular closed (Rh -closed for short), hexa regular open (Rh -open for short), hexa regular semi-closed (RS)h -closed for short), hexa regular semi- open ((RS)h -open for short), hexa regular weakly closed sets ((RW)h -closed for short), hexa regular weakly open sets ((RW)h - open for short) in hexa topological space. Some interesting propositions based on this set are introduced and established with suitable examples and their properties are also discussed.
Dynamics and Zero Hopf Periodic Solutions of Laser System
Authors: Amen Azad 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this work periodic solutions of a three dimensional chaos laser system, which externallyinjected class ff which is described by a system of three nonlinear ordinary differential equationswith two parameters for field intensity phase and population inversion, are studied. The firstorder of the method of averaging theory is applied for determine and analyze the bifurcatingperiodic solutions from a Hopf - zero equilibrium point localizing at the equilibrium pointcoordinates. We show that exists only one parameter family of the laser system for which theequilibrium point is a zero Hopf bifurcation point. Moreover, we perform a global dynamicalanalysis of a flow of system at infinity using the Poincar’es compactification and local stabilityof equilibrium points.
Mathematics Subject Classification. 34C05, 37G15.
Measuring Intraoperative Anesthetic Parameters during Hepatectomy with Inferior Vena Cava Clamping
Authors: Nanashima Atsushi , Hiyoshi Masahide , Imamura Naoya , Hamada Takeomi , Tsuchimochi Yuki , Shimizu Ikko , Ota Yusuke , Furukawa Koji , Tsuneyoshi Isao 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose Uncontrollable bleeding remained problematic in anatomical hepatectomy exposing hepatic veins (HVs). Based on the inferior vena cava (IVC) anatomy, we attempted to analyze the hemodynamic and surgical effects of the combined IVC-partial clamp (PC) accompanied with the Trendelenburg position (TP).
Methods We prospectively assessed 26 consecutive patients who underwent anatomical hepatectomies exposing HV trunks between 2020 and 2023. Patients were divided into three groups: use of IVC-PC (group 1), no use of IVC-PC (group 2), and use of IVC-PC accompanied with TP (group 3). In 10 of 26 patients (38%), HV pressure was examined using transhepatic catheter insertion.
Results IVC-PC was performed in 15 patients (58%). Operating time and procedures did not significantly differ between groups. A direct hemostatic effect on HV was evaluated in 60% and 70% of patients in groups 1 and 3, respectively. Group 1 showed significantly more unstable vital status and vasopressor use (p<0.01). Blood or fluid transfusion and urinary output were similar between groups. Group 2 had a significantly lower baseline central venous pressure (CVP), while group 3 showed a significant increase in CVP in TP. CVP under IVC-PC seemed lower than under TP; however, not significantly. The HV pressure did not significantly differ between groups. Systolic arterial blood pressure significantly decreased via IVC-PC in group 1 and to a similar extent in group 3. Heart rate significantly increased during IVC-PC (p<0.05).
Conclusion IVC-PC combined with the TP may be an alternative procedure to control intra-hepatic venous bleeding during anatomical hepatectomy exposing HV trunks.
Exploring Mutation Strategy of Evolution Algorithm for Global Optimization Problem
Authors: Mishra Pawan , Pooja Pooja , Ali Musrrat 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Differential Evolution (DE) is a widely used algorithm for solving global optimization problems. The success of DE heavily relies on its mutation operation, which plays a crucial role in generating diverse and high-quality solutions. In this paper different mutation operations for enhancing the performance of DE in global optimization tasks has been considered. Here, a novel mutation strategy that aim to strike a balance between exploration and exploitation to improve the convergence speed and quality has been proposed. The proposed DE is basically focused on novel mutation-based strategy where a new coefficient factor $("\sigma")$ is involved with the base vector in basic mutation strategy $("DE/rand/1")$ to enhance the convergence of local variable during the exploitation and to improve the convergence rate as well as convergence quality. Additionally, we evaluate the proposed mutation operations on a set of 27 benchmark functions commonly used in global optimization. Experimental results demonstrate that the enhanced mutation strategies significantly outperform the state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of solution accuracy, convergence speed. The findings highlight the importance of mutation operations in DE and provide valuable insights into designing more effective mutation strategies for tackling complex global optimization problems.
The role of C-reactive protein as a risk marker of postoperative delirium in older hip fracture patients: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Lozano-Vicario Lucía , Muñoz-Vázquez Ángel Javier , Romero-Ortuno Román , Galbete-Jiménez Arkaitz , Fernández-Irigoyen Joaquín , Santamaría Enrique , Cedeno-Veloz Bernardo Abel , Zambom-Ferraresi Fabricio , Ortiz-Gómez José Ramón , Hidalgo-Ovejero Ángel Manuel , Martínez-Velilla Nicolás 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background:
Postoperative delirium (POD) after hip fracture surgery is a common and serious neuropsychiatric syndrome that leads to higher morbidity and mortality. Current predictive models of delirium are based on clinical factors that can be subjective and imprecise. In this study we investigated the association between serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and the occurrence of POD in older hip fracture patients, and whether CRP predicted POD better than a clinical model.
Methods:
Patients aged ≥75 years admitted for surgical repair of an acute hip fracture were recruited. A Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) was performed at admission and blood samples were collected preoperatively in the absence of delirium. Delirium was assessed daily until discharge with the 4-AT. We compared serum CRP levels between patients with and without POD and examined the association between CRP and delirium severity. Mann-Whitney U and Spearman tests were used for group comparisons.
Results:
Sixty patients were included, of whom 21 (35%) developed POD. Serum CRP levels were significantly higher in patients who developed delirium (p = 0.011), but no significant association was found between CRP and delirium severity (p = 0.079). In a multiple regression model including the most representative clinical variables associated with delirium (age, comorbidity, grip strength, frailty, infection and pre-existing cognitive impairment) and CRP, cognitive impairment (p = 0.003) and infection (p = 0.001) were the best predictors of POD.
Conclusions:
Although higher levels of serum CRP were significantly associated with POD in older hip fracture patients, pre-existing cognitive impairment and infections were the most important risk factors for POD.