bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Finding Voice for Victims of Crime in the Adversarial Criminal Justice System
Authors: Hambali Yahya Duro Uthman 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAdversarial criminal justice system is designed to accommodate only two parties, the prosecution and the defendant, in the combative atmosphere of its trial process. The victim has no right of audience other than as witness for the prosecution. The involvement of victims as active participants in the exclusionary adversarial criminal justice system continue to attract debates among scholars. Whereas some favour the involvement because of its cathartic value for victims others oppose it on ground of the dislocation this might bring to the system and the threat to the defendants’ rights. Although, there have been significant victim reforms in some advanced jurisdictions creating some forms of rights for the victim, the rights remain unenforceable internally of the criminal justice process but externally of it through some administrative mechanisms. This paper reviews the position of some of the scholars on the foregoing, the various models of the system that have been constructed by scholars to accommodate victims and the emerging rights for victims. The position of this paper is that for the rights so far created for victims of crime to be truly beneficial, the so-called rights should be enforceable internally of the system with the necessary safeguards for the existing rights of offenders.
The Law on Corporate Opportunity Transactions by Directors: A Comparative Analysis of Delaware Law and Australian Law
Authors: Chadien Chris 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe separation of ownership and control that is a typical feature of listed companies gives rise to agency problems. This problem is acutely reflected in the conflicting interests of stockholders and directors. An area in which this problem is played out relates to doctrinal approaches towards corporate opportunities, which has attracted a debate involving a comparison of the approach of English law and most states in the United States. This paper seeks to contribute to the current debate on corporate opportunities by comparing the Australian and Delaware approaches to corporate opportunities by directors. In particular, it explores self-dealing by a director who pursues corporate opportunities potentially at the expense of his corporation. This type of self-dealing is worth examining because of its potential effect of depriving the corporation of profits or opportunities which may be essential to its operation, harming the corporation, or putting the director in competition with the corporation of which he is meant to be a fiduciary.
Preservation of dangerous forensic samples of evidence with the use of mobile robotic system
Authors: Zubanska Magdalena , Swierczewska-Gasiorowska Anna 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe richest source of information about crime and criminals is the place of the incident. From the point of view of forensics the examination of the crime scene is the primary activity of inquiry and it is the core action at the scene. However, there are scenes in which conditions threaten the health and lives of investigators, e.g. an illegal laboratory of controlled substances. However, there is a need to disclose, transport and store the obtained evidence, which is a source of danger, for the purposes of criminal proceedings. Police Academy in Szczytno (Poland) conducts a research project, which aims at the development of innovative solutions and technology that will enable proper and effective protection, transport, storage and disposal of such hazardous material evidence. A solution that would eliminate these risks is a robotic system for taking samples (e.g. samples of reaction mixtures). With a view to safety of SOCOs the proposed solution is of major importance.
Competitiveness between Ethnic Malays and Ethnic Chinese in Malaysia
Authors: Yeoh J.P.S. , Yeoh P.A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPrevious research have compared competi-tive behaviour between participants of different nationali-ties, profession and gender. This current research investi-gates competitive behaviour between a multiethnic sample from Malaysia. Ethnic Malay and ethnic Chinese Malaysi-ans were primed to compete in a singing competition and completed a Revised Competitive Index questionnaire. Re-sults showed that ethnic Chinese were more competitive and enjoyed competing more than ethnic Malays. There were also significant differences in gender with females being more competitive, enjoyed competing and were more contentious than males. These results are discussed in terms of previous research on cultural, socio-political poli-cies and gender sensitivities.
The Role of Student-Teacher Relationship on Effects of Maltreatment on Juvenile Delinquency
Authors: Back Jinju , Lee Yanghee 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives:
Society has been experiencing rapid change, in which adolescents have increasingly faced with difficulties with balanced development and social adaptation. Juvenile delinquency caused by such difficulties is the most serious social problem. Most of research has reported that family relationship is largely the cause for juvenile delinquency. To prevent the problems associated with parental maltreatment, efforts to identify variables that primarily affect juvenile delinquency are needed. Student-teacher relationship is considered as important protective factors in the ecosystem. Thus, this study analyzed the relationship among parental maltreatment, juvenile delinquency, student-teacher relationship. In addition, the moderating effects of student-teacher relationship in relation to parental maltreatment, and juvenile delinquency were also verified. Method: This study used data from Korean Youth Panel Survey (KYPS) conducted by National Youth Policy Institute. Participants were 2,253(1,136 boys, 1,117 girls) middle school students (9th graders) in 3rd wave data. We extracted eight questions relating to maltreatment, fourteen questions relating Juvenile delinquency, and five questions relating to student- teacher relationship. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, and hierarchical regression analysis were used.

Results:
First, parental maltreatment was positively related to juvenile delinquency. And student-teacher relationship was also negatively related to juvenile delinquency. Second, the moderating effects of student-teacher relationship on effects of parental maltreatment on juvenile delinquency were evident. Conclusion: To prevent juvenile delinquency that experienced parental maltreatment, this study has broad clinical and policy implications. Positive student-teacher relationship is an important protective factor of alleviating the negative consequences of parental maltreatment.
Strengthspotting and Interpersonal Relationships: Development of the Japanese Version of the Strengthspotting Scale
Authors: Komazawa Asami , Ishimura Ikuo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to develop a Japanese version of the strengthspotting scale and examine the relationship between strengthspotting and relationships with others, as well as factors that related to an interpersonal relationship. A Japanese version of strengthspotting scale was developed and administered with six other scales of interpersonal factors to 264 college students. The results indicate that the Japanese version of strengthspotting scale has sufficient reliability and validity. Furthermore, the results revealed a relationship between each of the five domains of strengthspotting and interpersonal factors: communication skills, affiliation motives, shyness, optimism and pessimism, and positive relationships with others. The study provides a basis for conducting further empirical research and practice on strengthspotting in Japan.
Iterative Solution of Boundary Integral Equations for Shallow Water Waves
Authors: Baker Gregory , Overman Edward , Yu Jing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe motion of shallow water, unlike deep water, is influenced by the bottom topology. In order to obtain the velocity potential at any given point of the surface at any given time, we apply boundary integral techniques and solve a system of two integral equations, one expresses the velocity potential at the free surface and on the bottom, the other expresses the streamfunction at the free surface and on the bottom. Boundary integrals can produce very accurate results for shallow water equations but they are too complex to solve analytically and must be solved numerically. In this paper, we use three different numerical methods to compute the solutions to these integral equations: by Gaussian elimination which has high compuational cost; by iteration to construct the Neumann series which converges; and by a preconditioned version of the iteration which effectively lowers the total computation cost.
Determining and Comparing Multivariate Distributions: An Application to AORD and GSPC with their related financial markets
Authors: Chandrasekara N.V. , Mammadov Musa , Tilakaratne Chandima D. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMany real world applications are associated with more than one variable and hence, identifying multivariate distributions associated with real world problems portrays great importance today. Many studies can be found in the literature in this aspect and most of them are associated with two variables/dimensions and the maximum dimension of multivariate distribution found in the literature is four. Different optimization techniques have been used by researchers to find multivariate distributions in their studies. Numerical methods can be identified as more preferable than analytical methods when the dimension of the problem is high. The main objective of this study is to identify the multivariate distribution associated with the return series of Australian all ordinary index (AORD) and those of the related financial markets and compare it with the multivariate distribution of return series of the US GSPC index and its related financial markets. No research were found in the literature which were aimed at finding aforesaid multivariate distribution and comparisons. Moreover no evidence found for identifying a multivariate distribution with six dimensions. Five financial markets: Amex oil index, Amex gold index, world cocoa index, exchange rate of Australian dollar to United States dollar and US GSPC index were found to be associated with AORD. Hence the attempt was to derive the multivariate distribution of return series of AORD and these five return series and therefore the optimization problem of the study is a six dimension problem which associated with forty three parameters need to be estimated. A local optimization technique and a global optimization technique were used to estimate the parameters of the multivariate distribution. Results exhibit that the parameter estimates obtained from the global optimization technique are better than the parameter estimates obtained from the local optimization technique. The multivariate distribution of return series of AORD and related financial markets is central, less peaked and have fat tails. A comparison was done with another multivariate distribution of a return series of a leading stock market index: GSPC and return series of its associated financial markets and found that both distributions are alike in shape. Two periods were identified in the AORD series and found that the shape of the multivariate distribution of one period is similar to the shape of the multivariate distribution of full data set while the shape of the multivariate distribution of the other period is dissimilar to that of full data set.
Smith’s Incoherence Argument for Moral Rationalism
Authors: Lyons Michael 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDefenders of Motivational judgment internalism (MJI) argue that in one sense or another, our moral judgments necessarily motivate us to some extent. One of the most prominent defenders is Michael Smith, who in his highly influential book The Moral Problem defends a form of moral rationalism, which is the view that moral reasoning is based on practical reasoning, and thus that moral facts can and are determined a priori. This form of rationalism Smith claims to entail his account about internalism.One of the main merits of Smith’s account of moral motivation is that it allows for individual difference in levels of moral motivation, by making the claim that moral judgments necessarily motivate defeasible. Before elaborating on how Smith does so, I shall first discuss Smith's approach in The Moral Problem, which will also help to set out the basic assumptions that will be taken for granted within this essay. I will then look at the account that he provides, and assess it with respect to one of Russ Shafer-Landau's criticisms thereof. Shafer-Landau rather helpfully puts Smith’s case for his moral rationalism in the form of what he calls ‘the incoherence argument’. The strongest problem that Shafer-Landau has with this argument seems to be with the following claim: ‘it is irrational for an individual to not desire what his fully rational self would desire’. What I hope to conclude is as follows: Although Smith’s account of internalism can for the most part withstand this objection that Shafer-Landau makes to it, even though Smith himself does not demonstrate any incoherence in failing to desire what one’s fully rational self would desire, in that a different kind of incoherence can be defended through other means. This would however result in a requirement for Smith to make significant concessions to his project in The Moral Problem.
Sartre and Fanon : On Men and Women, and Gender and Race Intersection as They Relate to French Colonial Resistance
Authors: Nya Nathalie 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the author presents Fanon’s analysis of decolonization in order to present an explicit conception of resistance based upon Fanon’s concept of decolonization, which is aligned with the lived experience of the colonized: their racial, sociopolitical, and economic condition as well as their existential condition. The author contrasts Fanon’s analysis with Sartre’s critique of colonialism as it appears in The Critique. Ultimately, through the presentation of Sartre’s and Fanon’s theories, the author attempts to show a feminist analysis of French colonial resistance as a criticism of Sartre’s and Fanon’s theories and of the analysis their male contemporaries within the field of Post/Colonial Theories.
Thermodynamic Entropy: A Natural Metric for Landcover Classification
Authors: Myina O. M. , Myina I. S. 
Published: August 2023

Most landcover (LC) studies employ physical characteristics involving spectral reflectance. This study employs the concept of energy and entropy for LC classification. Satellite imageries from Landsat-8, the Operational Land Imager (OLI) and the Thermal Infra-Red Sensor (TIRS) captured at 100 m for three years (2013, 2015 and 2017) and resampled to a spatial resolution of 30 m for multispectral measurements were acquired. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of the study area was computed for both the wet (September/October) and dry (March) seasons of years 2013, 2015 and 2017, respectively; and the vegetation cover maps and landcover classification of the area based on the NDVI values were generated. Land surface temperature (LST) and net radiation of the surface area were computed and used as inputs for computing the surface entropy flux (SEF) of the study area. Overall, the dry season of 2017 had the highest vegetation cover while the wet season vegetation cover was highest in 2015. The high dry season vegetation cover in 2017 is attributable to higher level of living biomass than previous years. NDVI-based LC classification of the area showed an overlap in distinguishing between built-up areas and vegetation cover as well as between bare (land) surface and free water bodies. This is attributable to skewed measure of centrality for the sample distribution possibly resulting from the quality (resolution) of data used or sampling techniques. Free water bodies had the highest SEF values that fall within expected behavior for bodies of such state (liquids). The vegetation covers had the second highest SEF values for the entire site and the highest on land surface, which could be attributed to higher latent heat fluxes of such covers resulting from the evapotranspiration processes. The bare surfaces and built-up area of the study area were observed to have the lowest SEF values. The LC of the study area was reclassified based on SEF values via ground truthing i.e., by taking statistical distribution of well-known surface classes across the years under study. This was successful in distinguishing vegetation cover, surfaces of free water bodies and bare surfaces. A regression analysis revealed that LST influences SEF by up to 69 – 75% while vegetation cover has no appreciable influence on SEF. A two-sample t-test showed a significant (P = 0.05) difference between the SEF for bare surfaces and that for vegetation cover. All these presents SEF as a reliable natural metric for LC classification.
Impact Analysis of Front Line Demonstration on Tomato under Mid Plain Agro-Climatic Zone of Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Chaturvedi A. K. , Srivastava R. , Chaudhary R. P. , Tiwari Ajay , Dwivedi V. , Singh Neeraj 
Published: August 2023

Aims: Tomatoes benefit local farmers because of their excellent storage and truck-gardening capabilities. Because of local demand, tomatoes are a prominent commercial vegetable production in the Bhadohi area. A Frontline demonstration was held to cover the aforementioned possibility and impact of increase farmer earnings.
Place and Duration of Study: The current study was conducted by ICAR-IIVR - Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bhadohi for five years in a row from 2018–19 to 2022–23 in the farmers' fields in various areas of the district using front-line demonstration.
Methodology: Over the investigation's five years, a total of 112 demonstrations were held at farmer fields on 5.0 ha of land. Each frontline demonstration was set up on 0.1 ha of land, with the nearby 0.3 ha serving as the comparison control (farmer's practice). KVK scientists gathered information on yield, production costs, and returns from farmers' practice plots (control plots) and front-line demonstration plots. Finally, the formulas proposed by Samui et al. [1] was used to calculate the extension gap, technology gap, and technology index.
Results: Under the five-year FLD program, the average extension gap was 140.9 q/ha, the technology gap was 184.74 q/ha, and the technology indexwas 30.79 percent. The benefit cost ratio of tomato ranged from 5.02 to 7.44 in demonstration plots and from 3.99 to 5.74 in farmer’s practice plots during five years of demonstration with an average of 2.60 in demonstration and 2.09 under farmer’s practices.
Conclusion: Front-line example shows how new technology may boost output and profit .The Bhadohi districts of Uttar Pradesh's mid plain have improved vegetable production, consumption, nutritional security, and overall livelihood security as a result of the productivity gain under FLD over existing tomato cultivation practices. This has increased awareness and inspired other farmers in the district to adopt the demonstrated technologies for tomato production.
Influence of Super Nano Urea and Nano DAP on Growth Parameters of Rice Fallow Cotton under High Density Planting System
Authors: Mahachandramuki E. , Thirukumaran K. , Karthikeyan R. , Sivakumar R. , Sellamuthu K. M. , Prabukumar G. 
Published: August 2023

The experiment was carried out at wetlands farm, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, during summer, 2023 in a Randomized block design with ten treatments and replicated thrice. The main objective of this study is to find out the effect of varied dose of basal nitrogen & phosphorus and foliar application of conventional urea, super nano urea and nano DAP on rice fallow cotton under High Density Planting System (HDPS) on growth parameters. Cotton variety CO 17 was taken up for the study with RDF of 150:50:50 NPK Kg ha-1. The experimental details viz., T1- control (without N&P) K alone, T2- RDF (150:50:50 NPK Kg ha-1), T3- 50% RDN&P,100% K+ conventional urea @ 1% and nano DAP @ 0.5% at 25 DAS, T4- 50% RDN&P,100% K+ conventional urea @ 1% and nano DAP @ 0.5% at 25 DAS and 45 DAS, T5- 50% RDN&P,100% K+ SNU(Super Nano Urea) @ 0.25% and nano DAP @ 0.5% at 25 DAS (Days After Sowing) and 45 DAS, T6- 50% RDN&P,100% K+ SNU @ 0.25% and nano DAP @ 0.5% at 25 DAS, 45 DAS and 65 DAS, T7- 50% RDN&P,100% K+ SNU @ 0.5% and nano DAP @ 0.5% at 25 DAS and 45 DAS, T8- 25% RDN&P,100% K+ SNU @ 0.5% and nano DAP @ 0.5% at 25 DAS 45 DAS and 65 DAS, T9- 50% RDN&P,100% K+ SNU @ 1% and nano DAP @ 0.5% at 25 DAS, T10- 50% RDN&P,100% K+ SNU @ 1% and nano DAP @ 0.5% at 25 DAS and 45 DAS. The experimental results revealed that, among all the treatments, T10 significantly registered the increased plant height (112.33 cm) and highest leaf area index (4.11) and enhanced light interception (91%). Based on the experimental results, it is concluded T10 i.e., reduced application of basal nitrogen and phosphorus (50% RDN&P + 100% K) with super nano urea foliar spray @ 1% and nano DAP foliar spray @ 0.5% at 25 DAS and 45 DAS found to be the optimal dosage for increased growth parameters under high density planting system in rice fallow cotton.
Communication Gap in Impression Management by Fathers on Their Adolescent Sons
Authors: Mariam Iis , Rewindinar  
Published: August 2023

Objectives: Fatherlessness, which refers to the distant relationship between fathers and their children, is a prevalent issue in modern society. Fathers focus more on their roles outside the home to fulfill their responsibilities. Thus fathers have limited time to interact with their children compared to mothers. In addition, as the heads of the family, fathers must maintain their figures, especially with their adolescent sons who are starting to get to know the wider environment.
This study aims to investigate how fathers use impression management in their interactions with their adolescent sons.
Study design: A study with a subjective interpretation approach was carried out to understand in depth how impression management by fathers is a form of communication that can build interpersonal relationships with their adolescent sons.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in Indonesia, from December 2022 to June 2023.
Methodology: In-depth interviews were conducted with 7 pairs of fathers (aged 38 to 50 years) and sons (aged 12 to 15 years) who each attended private schools in 7 major cities in Indonesia.
Results: Fathers do impression management when interacting with their adolescent sons to maintain their self-image. Fathers manage self-impression as a figure that must be respected through creating a respected image, having similar interests in gender and role models. The implication is that fathers when communicating with their adolescent sons, tend to maintain a quiet condition and create an atmosphere where their adolescent sons should have the same attitude as them. This causes discomfort for their adolescent sons so they prefer to communicate with other people rather than with their fathers.
Conclusion: Impression management becomes a communication gap, which in turn creates a distance in father-son relationships.