bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Long and Fruitful Cooperation in Atmospheric Aerosol Research between Cuba and Spain
Authors: Antuña-Marrero Juan Carlos , de Frutos Ángel , Estevan Rene , Cachorro Victoria , Barja Boris , Mogo Sandra , Rodríguez-Vega Albeht , Toledano Carlos , García Frank , Mateos David , Antuña-Sánchez Juan Carlos , González Ramiro , Rosas Jorge , Román Roberto , Ramos-Guadalupe Luis Enrique , Calle Abel , Platero Iralmy Y. , Hernández Carlos , Díaz Nelson , Díaz Joel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Cuban and Spanish scientists have been studying the properties of atmospheric aerosols in Camagüey, Cuba, for more than 15 years, achieving notable scientific results at the local, regional, and global levels. Using instruments and expertise supplied by Spain, Cuban scientists have characterized local aerosol optical and microphysical properties and their chemical composition and optical absorbing properties. Aerosol optical depth (AOD) and Ångström exponent observations were used to validate MODIS satellite observations and broadband AOD from local pyrheliometers. Sun photometer cloud optical depth allowed us to characterize local cloudiness and its radiative forcing. Scientific work included climatologies of the solar radiation for the last four decades at Camagüey and of aerosols in the Caribbean basin in the last two decades. Another result was designing, building, and processing of a low-cost all-sky camera. Besides scientific results, the cooperation allowed the Cuban sun photometer observations to contribute to the Red Ibérica de Medida Fotométrica de Aerosoles and AERONET. A workshop celebrating 10 years of cooperation was held at Camagüey in 2016. The workshop participants evaluated the progress, difficulties, and challenges and inaugurated a Spanish angular calibration bench for solar radiation sensors at Camagüey. The workshop also included the first visit of a NASA scientist to Cuba, the only one visit. Cuban scientists became members of the International Science Team of the NASA Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO) satellite mission, just launched, participating in its prelaunch activities. Considering the joint capabilities we developed, Cuban–Spanish contribution is expected for the TEMPO postlaunch validation campaign.
Comprehensive review of animal models in diabetes research using chemical agents
Authors: Algul Sermin , Ozcelik Oguz 
Published: January 2025

Diabetes mellitus, characterized by insufficient insulin secretion and impaired insulin efficacy, disrupts carbohydrate, protein, and lipid metabolism. The global diabetic population is expected to double by 2025, from 380 million, posing a significant health challenge. Most diabetic individuals fall into the type 1 or type 2 categories, and diabetes adversely affects various organs, such as the kidneys, liver, nervous system, reproductive system, and eyes. This review focuses on animal models of diabetes induced by chemical agents, which are essential tools for understanding disease mechanisms, investigating complications, and testing antidiabetic drugs. Models include those caused by streptozotocin (STZ), alloxan, ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA), dithizone, and anti-insulin serum. Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes models create type 1 and 2 diabetes by destroying pancreatic beta cells. The combination of STZ with nicotinamide mimics type 2 diabetes phenotypes. Alloxan induces a hyperglycemic state by causing free radical formation that selectively destroys pancreatic beta cells. Fe-NTA and dithizone also create diabetes models by damaging pancreatic beta cells. Anti-insulin serum models induce insulin resistance and hyperglycemia by generating antibodies against insulin receptors, leading to a condition similar to type 1 diabetes. Each model has unique characteristics that make it suitable for different aspects of diabetes research. These models are used to understand the pathogenesis of diabetes, develop new treatment strategies, and evaluate the efficacy of potential drugs.
The effect of brief, repetitive balance training on balance and fall risk in older people with stroke: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Medina-Rincón Almudena , Pérez Laura M. , Bagur-Calafat Caritat , Barrios-Franquesa Ana M. , Barbosa Marta Amor , Doménech-García Víctor , Bellosta-López Pablo , Buesa-Estéllez Almudena , Girabent-Farrés Montserrat 
Published: January 2025

Objective To evaluate the effect of integrating a specific balance-training program focused on static balance to the conventional rehabilitation program on dynamic balance, risk of falls, and activities of daily living (ADLs) in older adults post-stroke. Design A single-blinded randomized controlled trial. Setting Institutional Intermediate Care Hospital. Subjects Post-stroke older adults in a subacute phase without cognitive impairment, aged 65 years and older, exhibiting trunk control in a seated position for 30 seconds without supporting the arms. Intervention The control group underwent the usual treatment, consisting of 60-minute physiotherapy sessions, 5 days per week, for 30 days. The experimental group integrated into the usual treatment 15 minutes of the balance-training program (45 min + 15 min). Main measures Balance impairment (Mini-BESTest and Berg Balance Scale (BBS), risk of falls (BBS), and independence for ADLs (Barthel Index)) were assessed at baseline, 15 and 30 days after the start of interventions. Results Seventy-one post-stroke patients (77.7 ± 9.0 years, 49.2% women) were randomized into the experimental ( n = 35) or control ( n = 36) groups. The experimental group showed improved dynamic balance at day 15 (Mini-BESTest: 2.90 [1.05–4.77], p = 0.003; BBS: 4.31 [1.41–7.23], p = 0.004) and day 30 (Mini-BESTest: 6.06 [2.85–9.27], p < 0.001; BBS: 8.24 [2.96–13.53], p = 0.003), as well as greater independence levels (11 [2.75–19.23], p = 0.010) compared to the control group. The control group showed higher risk of falls on day 15 ( p = 0.035) and day 30 ( p = 0.003) than the experimental group. Conclusions A simple, easily reproducible approach designed by and for the older adult to rehabilitate post-stroke impairments effectively improved balance, functional gait, risk of falls, and ADLs.
The UW Experience: Feasibility of De Novo Letermovir for Primary Prophylaxis After Abdominal Solid Organ Transplant
Authors: Descourouez Jillian L. , Kleiboeker Hanna , Saddler Christopher M. , Smith Jeannina A. , Rice John P. , Mandelbrot Didier A. , Odorico Jon S. , Jorgenson Margaret R. 
Published: January 2025

Background: Letermovir is approved for primary prophylaxis of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in high-risk kidney transplant recipients. However, many experts suggest the drug be reserved as a second-line agent when valganciclovir is not tolerated or fails. Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the feasibility of a de novo letermovir prophylactic approach for CMV high-risk and seropositive abdominal solid organ transplant patients. Methods: Retrospective review of abdominal transplant recipients who required CMV prophylaxis between June 6, 2023, and June 6, 2024. The purpose was to evaluate feasibility of universal letermovir prophylaxis and prophylaxis success. Results: 278 patients required CMV prophylaxis and 207 obtained letermovir (74% success). Mean time from transplant to drug approval was 10.5 ± 27 days. Mean out of pocket patient cost was $10.19 ± $36.06 per 28-day supply of letermovir and $55.69 ± $311.48 per 30-day supply of valganciclovir ( P = 0.0419). For patients who obtained letermovir, 107 (52%) required prior authorization; 32 (16%) required insurance appeal after denial of prior authorization. Forty-two patients (20%) used Merck copay assistance program while 23 (11%) used the Merck Access patient assistance program to obtain drug. There were no episodes of prophylaxis failure due to breakthrough replication necessitating termination. Conclusion and Relevance: De novo use of letermovir for CMV primary prophylaxis after abdominal transplant was found to be feasible with a high rate of success in obtaining the drug in a timely manner posttransplant and without significant out-of-pocket cost to the patient.
State of type 2 diabetic Iraqi patients after hospitalization for COVID-19
Authors: Ahmed Hiba S , Abud Haylim N , Ahmed Hind S 
Published: January 2025

Background The coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic, triggered by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, has affected over 100 million people and killed around 2 million individuals. One of the most common chronic illnesses in the world is diabetes, which greatly raises the risk of hospitalization and death for COVID-19 patients. Objective This study aims to analyze the novel coronavirus's general characteristics and shed light on COVID-19 and its management in diabetic individuals by measuring some metabolic and inflammatory factors in type 2 diabetic patients with and without COVID-19. Methods One hundred Iraqi patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were enrolled in the current study; 50 had COVID-19 with the Omicron variant, and 50 weren't. The diagnosis was designed by the consultant medical staff at the clinic. Eligible individuals had a positive nasal swab for reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. They were compared with 50 healthy individuals as a control group. Every participant's anthropometric and clinical features were measured. The study includes the study groups’ glycemic, lipid profile, serum urea, and C-reactive protein (CRP) measurements. Results There were remarkable rises ( p < 0.05) in fasting and random blood glucose, serum lipid, and urea levels in diabetic patients with COVID-19 compared to those without COVID-19 and the control group. Also, a significant elevation ( p = 0.01) was found in fasting serum insulin among diabetic patients with COVID-19 as compared to those without COVID-19 and the control group (32.75 ± 8.63 vs. 25.82 ± 3.50 and 10.65 ± 1.12) µU/L, respectively. Serum CRP levels significantly increased ( p = 0.0001) in diabetic patients with COVID-19 compared to other groups. Conclusion Hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and dyslipidemia resulting from cytokine storm significantly increased the risk of hospitalization and death among coronavirus disease-19 patients. It has been concluded that T2DM reliably predicts morbidity among COVID-19 patients presenting with symptoms suggestive of severe hyperglycemia. The results also show the temporary and reversible deficiency in insulin secretion associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection. Consequently, it is recommended to examine variables of insulin sensitivity and pancreatic islet activity among patients with COVID-19 who have a history of diabetes.
Effect of age, sex, breed and venipuncture site on platelet count and clumping in feline blood samples
Authors: Larkin Sarah M , Kornya Matthew R 
Published: January 2025

Objectives To evaluate the associations between sex, age, breed and collection site on platelet count and platelet clumping in feline blood samples. Methods Cats presenting to a primary care feline hospital from January 2016 to January 2017 were recruited. Any cat undergoing blood collection for a complete blood count was eligible. Cats were excluded if they were receiving clopidogrel or aspirin, had a disease known to affect platelet function, or if they required sedation for phlebotomy. All cats had their sex, age, site of venipuncture, platelet count, degree of platelet clumping and platelet morphology recorded. Results In total, 649 cats were prospectively recruited. Of these, 579 (89%) cats had no clumping observed on blood smears. A significant association ( P = 0.025) was found between sex and platelet count, with females having lower platelet counts. No significant association was found between sex and degree of platelet clumping ( P = 0.323). Age did not have a statistically significant association with platelet clumping (P = 0.959); however, it did have a small significant ( P = 0.003) positive correlation with platelet count. There was no significant effect of purebred status on platelet count ( P = 0.457); however, the domestic group had a higher rate of platelet clumping ( P = 0.009). No association was found between platelet count ( P = 0.322) or degree of platelet clumping ( P = 0.793) and collection site. When considering platelet clumping as a binary outcome, no association was found with sex ( P = 0.292), age ( P = 0.681), site of collection ( P = 0.809) or breed ( P = 0.264). Conclusions and relevance The lack of effect of collection site/technique suggests that multiple sites of collection are valid when accurate platelet counts are important. The finding of lower platelet counts in younger and female cats may highlight the need to recognize age and sex when considering the management and monitoring of platelet counts and platelet disorders. Additional studies are needed to understand breed variation.
Yogasana and its role in females with pre-menstrual syndrome: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Joshi Reema , Bhilare Dnyanada 
Published: January 2025

Background: Pelvic pain and fatigue make women feel uncomfortable and interfere with their regular activities, such as going to work, colleges, social events, and household chores. A natural method for dealing with pain and other discomfort is through Yogasanas and Breathing exercises. Pharmacological therapies are also an option, although they may have adverse effects. Methods: Females between the age 18 and 45 years were screened by using the Daily Record of Severity of Problems and Premenstrual Syndrome Scale for Pelvic pain intensity was assessed by Numerical Pain Rating Scale, and Fatigue was assessed by the Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue Scale. Yogasanas and breathing exercises were given to Experimental (Group A; n = 15) under supervision, whereas Control (Group B; n = 15) were given identical instructions. Prior to the intervention, post-4 weeks, and post-8 weeks, primary outcome measures were evaluated. Results: For both groups, pain and fatigue was reduced and showed statistically significant difference, and when the groups were compared, a significant difference was seen for Numerical Pain Rating Scale and Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue post-8 weeks. Conclusion: Our study concluded that Yogasanas and Breathing Exercises are effective in reducing Pelvic Pain and Fatigue in Females with Premenstrual Syndrome.
Association of mid-life cardiovascular risk with biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease, neurodegeneration, and white matter hyperintensities: Heart SCORE brain study
Authors: Saeed Anum , Chang Yuefang , Swanson Justin , Vu Michael , Mapstone Mark , Villemagne Victor L. , Snitz Beth E. , Royse Sarah K. , Wang Hongtian , Lopresti Brian , Aizenstein Howard J. , Wu Minjie , Kip Kevin , Reis Steven E. , Lopez Oscar , Cohen Ann 
Published: January 2025

Background Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk factors in mid-life are associated with cognitive decline and late-life dementia. However, the role of these risk factors in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology remains elusive. Objective We investigated the association of mid-life 10-year ASCVD risk with late-life amyloid, tau, neurodegeneration [AT(N)] measures and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs). Methods Participants enrolled in the Heart Strategies Concentrating on Risk Evaluation (Heart SCORE) study between 2003–2005 (mid-life) and underwent brain MRI and PET scans in 2018–2022 (age >65 years, late-life) to detect and quantify amyloid (A, PiB-PET) and tau (T, Flortaucipir (FTP) PET) deposition, cortical thickness (N) and WMHs. Mid-life ASCVD risk was categorized as; borderline (5%–7.4%), intermediate (7.5%-<15%), or high (≥15%). Association of mid-life ASCVD risk HR (95% CI) was assessed using logistic and linear regressions with A, T, or N and chi square beta coefficients for WMH in late life. Results Over a ∼16 years follow up, in 135 participants (mean age 73 years), mid-life ASCVD risk categories had a graded association with neurodegeneration (ORASCVD high vs low risk% 6.98 [2.44–19.95]; p < 0.05) driven primarily by self-identified Black race and age, while none with A and T. ASCVD risk score was also associated with WMHs ((β=0.42 ± 0.22; p = 0.05). Conclusions In this asymptomatic, diverse cohort, 10-year ASCVD risk was predictive of late-life neurodegeneration and WMHs but not amyloid or tau. Further mechanistic studies can elucidate whether midlife ASCVD risk factors associated neurodegeneration initiates brain vulnerability leading to AD in late life.
A Systematic Literature Review of Trauma Systems: An Operations Management Perspective
Authors: Wang Zihao , Rostami-Tabar Bahman , Haider Jane , Naim Mohamed , Haider Javvad 
Published: January 2025

Background: Trauma systems provide comprehensive care across various settings, from prehospital services to rehabilitation, integrating clinical and social care aspects. Established in the 1970s, these systems are pivotal yet under-researched in their operational management. This study aims to fill this gap by focussing on the integration of operations management (OM) techniques to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of trauma systems. By leveraging proven OM strategies from other healthcare sectors, we seek to improve patient outcomes and optimise system performance, addressing a crucial need for innovation in trauma care operations. Methodology: A systematic literature review was conducted using the PICOTS framework to explore operational aspects of trauma systems across varied settings, from emergency departments to specialised centres. Searches were performed in 5 databases, focussing on articles published from 2006 to 2024. Keywords related to operational research and management targeted both trauma systems and emergency management services. Our method involved identifying, synthesising, and summarising studies to evaluate operational performance, with a specific emphasis on articles that applied operational research/management techniques in trauma care. All eligible articles were critically appraised using 2 quality assessment tools. Results: Employing Donabedian’s framework to analyse the quality of trauma systems through structure, process, and outcome dimensions, our systematic review included 160 studies. Of these, 5 studies discussed the application of the Donabedian evaluation framework to trauma systems, and 14 studies examined structural elements, focussing on the location of healthcare facilities, trauma resource management, and EMS logistics. The 63 studies on process indicators primarily assessed triage procedures, with some exploring the timeliness of trauma care. Meanwhile, the 78 outcome-oriented studies predominantly evaluated mortality rates, alongside a smaller number assessing functional outcomes. Conclusion: Existing evaluation metrics primarily focussed on triage accuracy and mortality are inadequate. We propose expanding these metrics to include patient length of stay (LOS) and rehabilitation trajectory analyses. There is a critical gap in understanding patient flow management and long-term outcomes, necessitating focussed research on LOS modelling and improved rehabilitation data collection. Addressing these areas is essential for optimising trauma care and improving patient recovery outcomes.
Circulating fibroblast growth factor 21 levels in gestational diabetes mellitus and preeclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cao Zhen , Deng Zhiming , Lu Jieyi , Yuan Ying 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The connection between fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and the likelihood of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) or preeclampsia (PE) has received more attention recently. Based on published articles, meta-analysis were conducted to explore the differences in FGF21 levels in GDM or PE compared to control groups.

Methods
Articles published before April 5, 2024 were searched across four databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library, and studies exploring the association of FGF21 levels and GDM or PE were collected. Additionally, ClinicalTrials.gov was also searched for completed and ongoing trials. (Prospero Registration CRD42024504738). The standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were utilized to determine FGF21 levels among different groups.

Results
This analysis incorporated a total of 16 articles, with 714 GDM and 701 non-GDM in the control group. The GDM-affected pregnant women had greater levels of circulating FGF21 than the control group (SMD = 0.529, 95% CI: 0.168 ~ 0.890, p = 0.004). Moreover, the PE case group covered 120 while the control group contained 134. The findings indicated that pregnant women with PE had significantly greater levels of circulating FGF21 than healthy expectant mothers (SMD = 0.743, 95% CI: 0.527 ~ 0.958, p = 0.000).

Conclusions
Our study found that FGF21 has the potential to serve as a diagnostic marker for GDM or PE. However, due to the limited number of studies and the fact that most data were from the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, more large-scale prospective studies are needed to validate these conclusions, investigate the potential of FGF21 in enabling early diagnosis, and further examine the role of FGF21 in the development and progression of GDM/PE.

Trial registration
Not applicable.
The impact of demographics and positioning on the imaging features of the optic nerve sheath and ophthalmic vessels
Authors: Berhanu David , Abegão Pinto Luís , Carneiro Inês , Fragata Isabel , Tavares Ferreira Joana , Lucas Neto Lia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
There are significant discrepancies in the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) reported in the literature. We aimed to determine the ultrasonographic imaging features of ONSD and ophthalmic vessels in a healthy population, using a standardized protocol, and to estimate the effect of demographics and positioning changes on imaging measurements.

Methods
We measured the mean values of the ONSD in supine and sitting position and the Doppler imaging parameters of the ophthalmic, central retinal and short posterior ciliary arteries. Inter-observer reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Linear regression models were fitted to predict the effect of demographic and clinical determinants on the imaging features.

Results
A total of 50 measurements were obtained for each observer. The mean ONSD was 5.9 mm and there was a mean reduction of 0.2 mm when assessed in sitting position (p < 0.001). Doppler analysis showed higher peak-systolic velocity and resistive index in the ophthalmic artery (35.6 cm/s vs. 12.0 cm/s; 0.78 vs. 0.70) compared to the central retinal artery (p < 0.001). Age, sex, heart rate and systolic blood pressure were significant determinants of the imaging features, with ONSD being larger in males (p < 0.001) and increasing with heart rate (p = 0.001). ICC estimates indicated ‘good’ inter-observer reliability of the ONSD and the ophthalmic and central retinal arteries velocities and resistance.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest a significant impact of patient demographics and positioning during ultrasonography on the normal imaging features of the ONSD and ophthalmic vessels. The heterogeneity in methodology and clinical cohorts may justify previous discrepancies in the literature. These findings can assist in the interpretation of imaging features in clinical settings and in the standardization of point of care ONSD ultrasonography.