bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A quality improvement approach to improving recognition of Māori tamariki (children) and assessing barriers to culturally responsive care in a paediatric ward setting
Authors: Pennell Taylor , Calder Nigel , Glubb‐Smith Kelly J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundHealth inequity persists in Aotearoa (New Zealand) and internationally amongst most indigenous peoples. To address these health inequities, countries need to contend with the ramifications of entrenched historical, cultural and systemic failures. Within Aotearoa part of the solution to rectifying persistent health inequities lies in shifting everyday healthcare practices towards a more culturally responsive, patient‐centred approach that utilises Māori knowledge and principles. Although the need for culturally responsive services in healthcare settings is clearly evident, most practitioners struggle with the challenge of creating a culturally safe environment. Further to these challenges, there are issues related to accurate recognition of ethnicity within the time constraints of an overwrought hospital environment. Within this environment, the correct identification of ethnicity is a fundamental step in the process of moving towards culturally responsive and more inclusive care.MethodThe research was concerned with indigenous Māori patients being consistently and correctly identified so that they might receive culturally appropriate interaction and treatment. The research specifically focused on the impact of introducing a customised sticker prompt on the front cover of clinical notes of Māori tamariki (children) to assist with correct ethnicity identification. Surveys were conducted on the paediatric ward over a 3‐week period, prior to and during the intervention to evaluate the effect of the customised stickers. This study sought to (1) assess the efficacy of a sticker to improve recognition of Māori tamariki (children), (2) examine key barriers to identifying ethnicity and (3) identify wider impacts of a sticker prompt on clinical practice.ResultsResults showed wide ranging positive impacts on clinical practice and culturally responsive care. Sixty‐four per cent of participants indicated that the stickers were a useful tool to improve identification of Māori tamariki. Respondents reported increased accuracy of identifying patients by ethnicity, as well as improved awareness of existing ethnicity documentation, and increased engagement regarding cultural needs and ethnicity.ConclusionsThis study identified that sticker prompts are a useful tool for healthcare workers to improve recognition and awareness of ethnicity and to increase dialogue around cultural needs. The stickers led to increased consideration of the wider elements of holistic wellbeing and therefore improved culturally responsive care for Māori tamariki.
Accuracy of the Yakebot dental implant robotic system versus fully guided static computer‐assisted implant surgery template in edentulous jaw implantation: A preliminary clinical study
Authors: Wang Wenxue , Xu Hao , Mei Dongmei , Zhou Chen , Li Xiaojing , Han Ze'yu , Zhou Xiaobin , Li Xin , Zhao Baodong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimsTo compare the accuracy of the Yakebot dental implant robotic system with that of fully guided static computer‐assisted implant surgery (CAIS) template in edentulous implantation.Materials and MethodsThirteen patients with edentulous were recruited and divided into two groups: the Yake robotic system group (experimental) (n = 5) and the CAIS group (control) (n = 8). Postoperative cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) was performed immediately, and the 3‐dimensional positions of implants were obtained and compared with that in the preoperative design. The comparison showed platform, apical, depth, and angular deviations. A value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsA total of 84 implants (36 in the robotic group and 48 in the CAIS group) were placed. The mean deviation at the implant platform, apex, depth, and angle in the CAIS group was 1.37 ± 0.72 mm, 1.28 ± 0.68 mm, 0.88 ± 0.47 mm, and 3.47 ± 2.02°, respectively. However, the mean deviation at the implant platform, apex, depth, and angle in the robotic group was 0.65 ± 0.25 mm, 0.65 ± 0.22 mm, 0.49 ± 0.24 mm, and 1.43 ± 1.18°, respectively. Significant differences in the four types of deviation (p < 0.05) between the two groups were observed.ConclusionThe accuracy of robotic system in edentulous implant placement was superior to that of the CAIS template, suggesting that robotic system is more accurate, safe, and flexible, can be considered a promising treatment in clinical practice.
Predicting in‐hospital mortality in patients admitted from the emergency department for pulmonary embolism: Incidence and prognostic value of deep vein thrombosis. A retrospective study
Authors: Pagano Teresa , Fabbri Irma Sofia , Benedetto Marcello , D'Angelo Luca , Galizia Giorgio , Portoraro Andrea , Guarino Matteo , Perna Benedetta , Passaro Angelina , Cariani Daniele , Spampinato Michele Domenico , De Giorgio Roberto 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundPulmonary embolism (PE) is one of the most common causes of death from cardiovascular disease. Although deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is the leading cause of PE, its prognostic role is unclear. This study investigated the incidence and prognostic value of DVT in predicting in‐hospital mortality (IHM) in patients admitted from the emergency department (ED) for PE.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was conducted in the ED of a third‐level university hospital. Patients over 18 years admitted for PE between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2022 were included.ResultsFive hundred and thirty patients (mean age 73.13 years, 6% IHM) were included. 69.1% of cases had DVT (36.4% unilateral femoral vein, 3.6% bilateral, 39.1% unilateral popliteal vein, 2.8% bilateral, 45.7% distal vein thrombosis and 7.4% iliocaval involvement). Patients who died in hospital had a higher Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (PESI) (138.6 vs. 99.65,p < 0.001), European Society of Cardiology risk class (15.6% vs. 1%, intermediate‐high in 50% vs. 6.4%,p < 0.001) and more DVT involving the iliac‐caval vein axis (18.8% vs. 6.6%,p = 0.011). PESI class >II, right ventricular dysfunction, increased blood markers of myocardial damage and involvement of the iliocaval venous axis were independent predictors of IHM on multivariate analysis.ConclusionsAlthough further studies are needed to confirm the prognostic role of DVT at PE, involvement of the iliocaval venous axis should considered to be a sign of a higher risk of IHM and may be a key factor in prognostic stratification.
Encouraging social diffusion of pro‐environmental behavior through online workshop‐based interventions
Authors: Champine Veronica M. , Jones Megan S. , Niemiec Rebecca M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMotivating people to take environmentally friendly action, especially collective actions that promote greater social engagement, is important for addressing environmental issues like biodiversity loss. We conducted an online workshop‐based field experiment to target social‐psychological perceptions to motivate people to plant native plants and encourage others to do the same. To shift these perceptions, we added 13 microinterventions to half the workshops, including normative messaging, public commitment‐making, and providing feedback on the impact of reaching out to others. We used a voucher system to track real‐world behavior by partnering with native plant nurseries. Compared to an information‐only control workshop, our intervention workshops initially increased certain social‐psychological perceptions related to encouraging others to plant native plants. However, they did not change behaviors, or many perceptions, compared to control workshops. Additional exploratory analyses revealed differing patterns of behavioral perceptions 2 months after the workshops. Further research is needed that implements experimental methods and real‐world measures of conservation behavior to evaluate the impacts of theory‐based outreach tactics on collective actions.
The tannization of human tissues: A nineteenth‐century educational preservation technique at the Morgagni Museum
Authors: Magno Giovanni , Beck De Lotto Michael Allen , Zampieri Fabio , Zanatta Alberto 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLodovico Brunetti (1813–1899), professor of pathological anatomy at the University of Padua and founder of the Museum of Pathological Anatomy, believed that anatomical preparations were essential for the practice and teaching of pathological anatomy. At his arrival in Padua in 1855, there were around 300 made by other professors of medicine, including some by Giovanni Battista Morgagni, preserved either in liquid or dry. These conservation methods did not satisfy Brunetti, as they drastically altered the shape of the anatomical pieces (reduced by mummification and dilated in liquid); thus, he decided to create a new method called “tannization,” for the use of tannic acid. Brunetti's new method was based on dissection and injection techniques, and it had the substantial advantage of maintaining unchanged the shape and texture of the anatomical specimens, even microscopically, as well as being not so expensive. Another important advantage consisted in the fact that the different stages of the preparation could be put into practice even at different times and at a considerable distance from each other. His specimens seemed to be mummified, but they maintained a remarkable elasticity and softness, as well as almost completely unaltered proportions. Today, the Morgagni Museum of the University of Padua still preserves several tannized preparations attributable to Brunetti and his successors. The current study aims to show the educational value of this method showing the results of Brunetti's tannization nowadays.
Range reshuffling: Climate change, invasive species, and the case of Nothofagus forests in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Mathias Shar , van Galen Laura G. , Jarvie Scott , Larcombe Matthew J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimThe impact of climate change on forest biodiversity and ecosystem services will be partly determined by the relative fortunes of invasive and native forest trees under future conditions. Aotearoa New Zealand has high conservation value native forests and one of the world's worst invasive tree problems. We assess the relative effects of habitat redistribution on native Nothofagus and invasive conifer (Pinaceae) species in New Zealand as a case study on the compounding impacts of climate change and tree invasions.LocationAotearoa New Zealand.MethodsWe use species distribution models (SDMs) to predict the current and future distribution of habitat for five native Nothofagus species and 13 invasive conifer species under two 2070 climate scenarios. We calculate habitat loss/gain for all species and examine overlap between the invasive and native species now and in future.ResultsMost species will lose habitat overall. The native species saw large changes in the distribution of habitat with extensive losses in North Island and gains mostly in South Island. Concerningly, we found that most new habitat for Nothofagus was also suitable for at least one invasive species. However, there were refugia for the native species in the wetter parts of the climate space.Main ConclusionIf the predicted changes in habitat distribution translate to shifts in forest distribution, it would cause widespread ecological disruption. We discuss how acclimation, adaptation and biotic interactions may prevent/delay some changes. But we also highlight that the poor establishment capacity of Nothofagus, and the contrasting ability of the conifers to invade, will present persistent conservation challenges in areas of both new habitat and forest retreat. Pinaceae are problematic invaders globally, and our results highlight that control of invasions and active native forest restoration will likely be key to managing forest biodiversity under future climates.
Telehealth use and its impact on clinical outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Shao Yixue , Shi Lizheng , Nauman Elizabeth , Price‐Haywood Eboni , Stoecker Charles 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimTo evaluate the impact of telehealth use during the COVID‐19 pandemic on glycaemic control and other clinical outcomes among patients with type 2 diabetes.MethodsWe used electronic health records from the Research Action for Health Network (REACHnet) database for patients with type 2 diabetes who had telehealth visits and those who only received in‐person care during the pandemic. A quasi‐experimental method of difference‐in‐difference with propensity‐score weighting was implemented to mitigate selection bias and to control for observed factors related to telehealth use. Outcomes included glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and other clinical measures (low‐density lipoprotein [LDL] cholesterol, blood pressure [BP], and body mass index [BMI]).ResultsPatients using telehealth had better HbA1c control compared to those receiving in‐person care only during the pandemic. The telehealth group saw a significant average decrease of 0.146% (95% confidence interval [CI] −0.178% to −0.1145%; P < 0.001) in HbA1c levels over time. The proportion of patients with average HbA1c levels >7% decreased by 0.023 (95% CI −0.034, −0.011; P < 0.001) in the treatment group relative to the comparison group. Modest benefits in the control of LDL cholesterol levels, diastolic BP, and BMI were found in association with telehealth use.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that telehealth services contributed to better glycaemic control and management of other clinical outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes during the pandemic. Factors unmeasured in this study would need to be further explored to better understand the impact of telehealth.
Role of the tripartite motif‐containing (TRIM) family of proteins in insulin resistance and related disorders
Authors: Chen Jianrong , Feng Xianjie , Zhou Xu , Li Yong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEmerging evidence suggests that the ubiquitin‐mediated degradation of insulin‐signalling‐related proteins may be involved in the development of insulin resistance and its related disorders. Tripartite motif‐containing (TRIM) proteins, a superfamily belonging to the E3 ubiquitin ligases, are capable of controlling protein levels and function by ubiquitination, which is essential for the modulation of insulin sensitivity. Recent research has indicated that some of these TRIMs act as key regulatory factors of metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and atherosclerosis. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest evidence linking TRIMs to the regulation of insulin resistance and its related disorders, their roles in regulating multiple signalling pathways or cellular processes, such as insulin signalling pathways, peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor signalling pathways, glucose and lipid metabolism, the inflammatory response, and cell cycle control, as well as recent advances in the development of TRIM‐targeted drugs.
Cognitive impairment in ‘non‐user’ first‐degree relatives of persons with cannabis dependence syndrome: A pilot, endophenotype study
Authors: Das Shrayasi , Singh Lokesh Kumar , Tikka Sai Krishna , Spoorthy Mamidipalli Sai , Mandal Sucharita , Soni Puneet Kumar , Nandan Neethu K. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionCannabis use disorders are global emerging problem nowadays, with high prevalence and morbidity. Cognitive impairments, and also corresponding genetic vulnerability, has been fairly replicated in individuals with cannabis dependence. However, there are few studies that assess cognitive functioning as an endophenotype or a trait marker for cannabis dependence. While the primary objective of this study was to assess the endophenotype pattern of cognitive dysfunction in cannabis dependence, assessing the association between the degree of cognitive functioning, and their socio‐demographic and clinical variables in the cannabis dependence patients and their first‐degree relatives was the secondary objective.MethodologyWe compared cognitive functioning across three groups‐ patients with cannabis dependence syndrome, their ‘non‐user’ first‐degree relatives and healthy controls, with 30 participants in each group. Five cognitive domains‐ attention and concentration, verbal fluency, memory, visuospatial ability and executive functions were assessed. We assessed for endophenotype pattern of statistical significance in pairwise analyses of Kruskal‐Wallis test, which was corrected for multiple comparisons. Subsequently, correlation analysis to assess association of cognitive impairment with socio‐demographic and clinical variables was conducted.ResultsAlthough impairment in attention and executive functions also was seen in patients with cannabis dependence, endophenotype pattern of statistical significance in pairwise analyses, with impairment in first‐degree relatives too, was seen in all sub‐scores of verbal fluency and verbal memory. None of the correlations were significant.Conclusion‘Non‐user’ first‐degree relatives of patients with cannabis dependence too show significant cognitive impairment. Verbal fluency and verbal memory are possible endophenotypes or trait markers for cannabis dependence syndrome.
A precision‐based exercise program for patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Dapunt Ulrike , Ehret Pauline , Paratte Jean‐Luc , Kuehl Rea Maria , Wiskemann Joachim , Jäger Dirk , Müller‐Tidow Carsten , Raab Marc‐Steffen , Goldschmidt Hartmut 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesAim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate an interdisciplinary consultation followed by a precision‐based exercise program (PEP) for myeloma patients with stable and unstable bone lesions.MethodsData of myeloma patients (n = 100) who received a PEP according to an orthopedic evaluation were analyzed. Bone stability was assessed by established scoring systems (Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score [SINS], Mirels' score). All patients with stable and unstable osteolyses received a PEP and n = 91 were contacted for a follow‐up interview.ResultsIn 60% of patients at least one osteolysis of the spine was considered potentially unstable or unstable. Following consultation, the number of patients performing resistance training could be significantly increased (≥2 sessions/week, 55%). Musculoskeletal pain was reported frequently. At the follow‐up interview, 75% of patients who performed PEP stated that painful symptoms could be effectively alleviated by exercise. Moreover, only patients who exercised regularly discontinued pain medication. No injuries were reported in association with PEP.ConclusionWe were able to demonstrate that individualized resistance training is implementable and safe for myeloma patients. By means of a PEP, patients' self‐efficacy in managing musculoskeletal pain was enhanced and pain medication could be reduced.
Role of optically pumped magnetometers in presurgical epilepsy evaluation: Commentary of the American Clinical Magnetoencephalography Society
Authors: Bagić Anto I. , Bowyer Susan M. , Burgess Richard C. , Funke Michael E. , Lowden Andrea , Mohamed Ismail S. , Wilson Tony , Zhang Wenbo , Zillgitt Andrew J. , Tenney Jeffrey R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOne of the major challenges of modern epileptology is the underutilization of epilepsy surgery for treatment of patients with focal, medication resistant epilepsy (MRE). Aggravating this distressing failure to deliver optimum care to these patients is the underuse of proven localizing tools, such as magnetoencephalography (MEG), a clinically validated, non‐invasive, neurophysiological method used to directly measure and localize brain activity. A sizable mass of published evidence indicates that MEG can improve identification of surgical candidates and guide pre‐surgical planning, increasing the yield of SEEG and improving operative outcomes. However, despite at least 10 common, evidence supported, clinical scenarios in MRE patients where MEG can offer non‐redundant information and improve the pre‐surgical evaluation, it is regularly used by only a minority of USA epilepsy centers.The current state of the art in MEG sensors employs SQUIDs, which require cooling with liquid helium to achieve superconductivity. This sensor technology has undergone significant generational improvement since whole head MEG scanners were introduced around in 1990s, but still has limitations. Further advances in sensor technology which may make ME G more easily accessible and affordable have been eagerly awaited, and development of new techniques should be encouraged. Of late, optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) have received considerable attention, even prompting some potential acquisitions of new MEG systems to be put on hold, based on a hope that OPMs will usher in a new generation of MEG equipment and procedures.The development of any new clinical test used to guide intracranial EEG monitoring and/or surgical planning must address several specific issues. The goal of this commentary is to recognize the current state of OPM technology and to suggest a framework for it to advance in the clinical realm where it can eventually be deemed clinically valuable to physicians and patients. The American Clinical MEG Society (ACMEGS) strongly supports more advanced and less expensive technology and looks forward to continuing work with researchers to develop new sensors and clinical devices which will improve the experience and outcome for patients, and perhaps extend the role of MEG. However, currently, there are no OPM devices ready for practical clinical use. Based on the engineering obstacles and the clinical tradeoffs to be resolved, the assessment of experts suggests that there will most likely be another decade relying solely on "frozen SQUIDs" in the clinical MEG field.
Nano‐encapsulated anandamide reduces inflammatory cytokines in vitro and lesion severity in a murine model of cutaneous lupus erythematosus
Authors: McCormick Erika T. , Draganski Andrew , Chalmers Samantha , Zahn Joseph , Garcia Sayra , Nussbaum Dillon , Friedman Adam , Putterman Chaim , Friedman Joel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) is a heterogeneous autoimmune skin disease which occurs independently and in conjunction with systemic lupus erythematosus. Drug development for CLE is severely lacking. Anandamide (AEA) is a primary endocannabinoid which exhibits immunomodulatory effects through mixed cannabinoid receptor agonism. We evaluated AEA as topical treatment for CLE and assessed benefits of nanoparticle encapsulation (AEA‐NP) on cutaneous drug penetration, delivery and biological activity. Compared to untreated controls, AEA‐NP decreased IL‐6 and MCP‐1 in UVB‐stimulated keratinocytes (p < 0.05) in vitro. In BALB/c mice, AEA‐NP displayed improved cutaneous penetration, extended release and persistence of AEA in the follicular unit extending to the base after 24 h. Utilizing the MRL‐lpr lupus murine model, twice weekly treatment of lesions with topical AEA‐NP for 10 weeks led to decreased clinical and histologic lesion scores compared to unencapsulated AEA and untreated controls (p < 0.05). Prophylactic application of AEA‐NP to commonly involved areas on MRL‐lpr mice similarly resulted in decreased clinical and histologic scores when compared to controls (p < 0.05), and reduced C3 and IBA‐1 in lesional tissue (p < 0.05). The demonstrated clinical and immunomodulatory effects of treatment with AEA support its potential as therapy for CLE. This work also suggests that encapsulation of AEA improves penetration and treatment efficacy. Future studies will be conducted to assess full therapeutic potential.