bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Voltage-gated sodium channel activity mediates sea urchin larval skeletal patterning through spatial regulation of Wnt5 expression
Authors: Thomas Christopher F. , Hawkins Dakota Y. , Skidanova Viktoriya , Marrujo Simone R. , Gibson Janay , Ye Ziqing , Bradham Cynthia A. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Defining pattern formation mechanisms during embryonic development is important for understanding the etiology of birth defects and to inform tissue engineering approaches. In this study, we used tricaine, a voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) inhibitor, to show that VGSC activity is required for normal skeletal patterning in Lytechinus variegatus sea urchin larvae. We demonstrate that tricaine-mediated patterning defects are rescued by an anesthetic-insensitive version of the VGSC LvScn5a. Expression of this channel is enriched in the ventrolateral ectoderm, where it spatially overlaps with posterolaterally expressed Wnt5. We show that VGSC activity is required to spatially restrict Wnt5 expression to this ectodermal region that is adjacent and instructive to clusters of primary mesenchymal cells that initiate secretion of the larval skeleton as triradiates. Tricaine-mediated Wnt5 spatial expansion correlates with the formation of ectopic PMC clusters and triradiates. These defects are rescued by Wnt5 knockdown, indicating that the spatial expansion of Wnt5 is responsible for the patterning defects induced by VGSC inhibition. These results demonstrate a previously unreported connection between bioelectrical status and the spatial control of patterning cue expression during embryonic pattern formation.
Intestinal barrier dysfunction: an evolutionarily conserved hallmark of aging
Authors: Salazar Anna M. , Aparicio Ricardo , Clark Rebecca I. , Rera Michael , Walker David W. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
A major challenge in the biology of aging is to understand how specific age-onset pathologies relate to the overall health of the organism. The integrity of the intestinal epithelium is essential for the wellbeing of the organism throughout life. In recent years, intestinal barrier dysfunction has emerged as an evolutionarily conserved feature of aged organisms, as reported in worms, flies, fish, rodents and primates. Moreover, age-onset intestinal barrier dysfunction has been linked to microbial alterations, elevated immune responses, metabolic alterations, systemic health decline and mortality. Here, we provide an overview of these findings. We discuss early work in the Drosophila model that sets the stage for examining the relationship between intestinal barrier integrity and systemic aging, then delve into research in other organisms. An emerging concept, supported by studies in both Drosophila and mice, is that directly targeting intestinal barrier integrity is sufficient to promote longevity. A better understanding of the causes and consequences of age-onset intestinal barrier dysfunction has significant relevance to the development of interventions to promote healthy aging.
Sports Medicine Curricular Recommendations for Undergraduate Medical Education
Authors: Ferderber Megan , Wilson Kristina , Buchanan Benjamin K. , Street Callender Shelley V. , Deck Jason W. , Kerr Hamish , Lemmen Brooke , Stafford Cleo D. , Wang David A. , Waterbrook Anna L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSports medicine is a unique field encompassing many specialties and aspects of medicine. While musculoskeletal medicine is a significant aspect of sports medicine, the breadth of sports medicine extends beyond the musculoskeletal system and includes the spectrum of care for the patient who is or desires to be physically active. This article provides recommendations for sports medicine education in undergraduate medical education. The framework highlighting these recommendations uses domains of competence. Entrustable professional activities, measures that are endorsed by the Association of American Medical Colleges, were matched to domains of competence to provide objective markers of achievement. In addition to recommended sports medicine educational content, there should be consideration of both methods of assessment and implementation catered to each individual institution’s needs and resources. These recommendations may serve as a guide for medical educators and institutions pursing optimization of sports medicine education.
Bridging the gap – how to walk the talk on supporting early career researchers
Authors: Pizzolato Daniel , Reyes Elizondo Andrea , Aubert Bonn Noémi , Taraj Borana , Roje Rea , Konach Teodora 
Published: May 2023

Early career researchers (ECRs) play a crucial role in European and nationally funded research projects. They are at the forefront of planning, conducting, analysing, and reporting research. As part of the SOPs4RI project funded by the European Commission, we, as ECRs and members of this project’s consortium, were given the opportunity to reflect on our role, obstacles, and possible opportunities that we experienced. Although several steps have been already taken to support early career researchers, more concrete actions have to be pursued. In our opinion, the EC should take the lead and serve as a global frontrunner (taken as exemplary also by national funding agencies) in implementing initiatives to support early career researchers during their research trajectory. We opine that the European Commission should explicitly (i) require the creation of a support system in which early career researchers will be able to build new skills and capacity, (ii) encourage and facilitate more involvement of early career researchers in decision-making roles of EC-funded projects, and (iii) provide resources to support career continuity between fixed-term contracts. The suggested actions can help early career researchers build competencies and expertise to establish stability and continuity within the research environment or to embrace and excel in careers outside academia.
Current Opinion on Long-Lasting Therapy in CI-DME
Authors: Nowińska Anna 
Published: May 2023

Diabetes has been recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a noncommunicable, chronic disease and a 21st century epidemic. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the three leading causes of blindness among the working-age population aged 20 to 74 years.
Diabetic macular edema (DME) is the most common cause of vision loss in diabetic patients, and the impact of DME on quality of life is very significant. Currently, first-line treatment recommendations for center-involved DME (CI-DME) include intravitreal anti-VEGF injections on a monthly or bimonthly regimen. It is essential to understand the burden that treatment regimens have on patients, as well as on healthcare systems. The most significant improvement to the regimen would be to have fewer injections and monitoring visits while maintaining satisfactory vision outcomes. A lower number of intravitreal injections could optimize disease outcomes by improving patient compliance.
This article discusses novel agents targeting alternative pathways and mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of DME, as well as high-dose drugs and novel approaches to treatment regimens aimed at extending treatment intervals, decreasing treatment burden, and increasing treatment efficacy. This knowledge will enhance the selection of treatments, thereby improving patient compliance with therapy and optimizing healthcare system resources.
Effect of fruits storage conditions on the yield and the quality of Pistacia lentiscus oil
Authors: Mezni Faten , Slama Awatef , Ayari Faten , Smirani Khaoula , Khaldi Abdelhamid 
Published: May 2023

<p>This study aims to determine the effect of fruit storage conditions on the yield and quality of <em>Pistacia lentiscus</em> oil. Fruits were harvested in North Tunisia, and oil was extracted using the pressing method. Three storage conditions were tested; fruit is frozen at -20°C, fruit storage in a cold room at 4°C, and air-dried fruits at 25°C. Oil yield, free fatty acids, peroxide value, and total polyphenolic content were determined after 30, 60, and 90 days of storage. During the first 30 days, the highest yield was reached by fruits stored in a cold room (15%). Oil acidity from freshly harvested lentisk fruits was around 6% and then increased during storage. With increasing storage time, the oil peroxide value and the total polyphenolic content decreased in the fruits from all treatments. The peroxide value reached the respective values of 8, 5, and 23 meq O<sub>2</sub>/kg oil for Frozen, Cold Room, and Air Drying treatments. The total polyphenolic content varied from 0.5 EGA/g oil for air drying and frozen treatments to 0.8 EGA/g oil for the cold room. This study allowed the determination of the optimal conditions of storage of <em>Pistacia lentiscus</em> oil. These results are important to preserve the oil's quality and chemical and medicinal properties.</p>
Synthesis and Characterization of Ternary Composite g-C3N4-MoO3/rGO for Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Waheed Zainab , Ghazanfar Sadia , Usman Muhammad , Mahmood Kalid , Hussain Ajaz , Ud din Muhammad Siraj , Tariq Muhammad 
Published: May 2023

<p>The present research prepared a ternary composite g-C3N4-MoO3/rGO using the ultrasonic-assisted wet impregnation method. The prepared photocatalyst was characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and EDX(Energy dispersive X-ray) techniques. The structure and morphology of pure MoO<sub>3, </sub>g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>, binary composite g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>-MoO<sub>3,</sub> and ternary composite g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>-MoO<sub>3</sub>/rGO have been studied in their photocatalytic performance in the degradation of Rhodamine B (Rh-B) was tested and compared. The ternary composite g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>-MoO<sub>3</sub>/rGO exhibited better degradation efficiency of 80% than pure and binary composite. The synergistic effect of the three components resulted in enhanced light-capturing ability, high charge separation, and low recombination rate of electron-hole pair. </p>
Understanding factors responsible for the slow decline of soil-transmitted helminthiasis following seven rounds of annual mass drug administration (2012–2018) among school children in endemic counties of Kenya: A mixed method study
Authors: Masaku Janet , Okoyo Collins , Araka Sylvie , Musuva Rosemary , Njambi Elizabeth , Njomo Doris W. , Mwandawiro Charles , Njenga Sammy M. 
Published: May 2023

Background
Soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) continue to be a significant health problem in Sub-Saharan Africa especially among school children. In Kenya, treatment of over five million children has been conducted annually in 28 endemic counties since the year 2012. However, the latest monitoring and evaluation (M&E) results indicated a slow decline of prevalence and intensity of STH in some counties after the seven rounds of annual mass drug administration (MDA). The current study sought to determine the factors associated with the slow decline in prevalence and intensity of STH among school children participating in the school deworming programme.

Methodology
Mixed methods cross-sectional study was conducted in three endemic counties of Kenya. For quantitative technique, simple random sampling was used to select 1,874 school children from six purposively selected primary schools. The school children were interviewed, and a single stool collected and analysed using Kato-Katz technique. While for qualitative methods, 15 focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with purposively selected parents/guardians of school children. Data was collected through voice records using FGD and analyzed using NVIVO.

Findings
Prevalence of any STH infection was 30.8% (95%CI: 28.7–32.9), with the highest prevalence observed in Vihiga County (40.7%; 95%CI: 37.4–44.4). Multivariable analysis revealed that geographical location (OR = 3.78, (95%CI: 1.81–7.88) p<0.001), and not washing hands after defecation (OR = 1.91, (95%CI: 1.13–3.20) p = 0.015) were significantly associated with any STH infection. For qualitative analysis, majority of the parents/guardians of SAC felt that poor water sanitation and hygiene practices (WASH) both in school and household level could be a cause of continued STH infection. Also failing to include the rest of the community members in the MDAs were mentioned as possible contributors to observed slow decline of STH.

Conclusions
There was moderate STH prevalence and mean intensity despite the seven rounds of repeated annual MDA. The study recommends a revamped awareness creation on WASH and community wide treatment.
Efficacy of home-based inspiratory muscle training in patients post-covid-19: Protocol for a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Gonçalo Silva Gabriely Azevêdo , Nogueira Ivan Daniel Bezerra , da Silva Chiappa Gaspar Rogério , Nogueira Patrícia Angélica de Miranda Silva 
Published: May 2023

Introduction
Current evidence suggests the emergence of a novel syndrome (long COVID syndrome) due to sequels and persistent COVID-19 symptoms. Respiratory muscle training improves respiratory muscle strength, exercise capacity, diaphragm thickness, and dyspnea, especially in patients with decreased respiratory muscle strength. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a protocol for home-based inspiratory muscle training to improve respiratory muscle strength, dyspnea, and quality of life of patients post-COVID-19.

Methods and analyses
This randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial will be conducted at the Instituto de Medicina Tropical of Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (Brazil). Sample size will be determined using maximal inspiratory pressure after a pilot study with five patients per group (total of 10 patients). Patients included in the study will be evaluated in three moments: pre-training (initial), post-training (three weeks), and retention (24 weeks). The sample will be randomized in two groups: active (IMT using 30% of IMT and load increase of 10% of initial IMT every week. Patients will perform 30 repetitions, twice a day (morning and afternoon), for seven consecutive days, and six weeks) and SHAM (IMT without load). The following measurements will be assessed: anthropometry, respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary volume and capacity, dyspnea, perception of effort and lower limb fatigue, handgrip strength, functional capacity, anxiety, depression, and functional status. After initial evaluation, all patients will receive a POWERbreathe® (POWERbreathe®, HaB Ltd, Southam, UK) device to perform the training. Normality will be verified using Shapiro-Wilk or Kolmogorov-Smirnov, according to the number of patients included. Variables presenting nonparametric distribution will be compared using Wilcoxon (intragroup analysis) and Mann-Whitney test (intergroup analysis), whereas repeated measures two-way ANOVA will be performed in case of parametric distribution. Dunn’s post hoc test will be used to identify significant differences in the two-way ANOVA test.

Primary outcomes
Respiratory muscle strength, dyspnea, and quality of life of post-COVID-19 patients.

Second outcomes
Pulmonary function, dyspnea, exercise tolerance, handgrip strength, anxiety, depression, and functional status.

Trial registration
Trial register number NCT05077241.
Device-measured sitting time and musculoskeletal pain in adults with normal glucose metabolism, prediabetes and type 2 diabetes–The Maastricht Study
Authors: Dzakpasu Francis Q. S. , Koster Annemarie , Owen Neville , Galan Bastiaan E. de , Carver Alison , Brakenridge Christian J. , Boonen Annelies , Bosma Hans , Dagnelie Pieter C. , Eussen Simone J. P. M. , Sethi Parneet , Stehouwer Coen D. A. , Schaper Nicolaas C. , Dunstan David W. 
Published: May 2023

Background
Detrimental associations of sedentary behaviour (time spent sitting) with musculoskeletal pain (MSP) conditions have been observed. However, findings on those with, or at risk of, type 2 diabetes (T2D) have not been reported. We examined the linear and non-linear associations of device-measured daily sitting time with MSP outcomes according to glucose metabolism status (GMS).

Methods
Cross-sectional data from 2827 participants aged 40–75 years in the Maastricht Study (1728 with normal glucose metabolism (NGM); 441 with prediabetes; 658 with T2D), for whom valid data were available on activPAL-derived daily sitting time, MSP [neck, shoulder, low back, and knee pain], and GMS. Associations were examined by logistic regression analyses, adjusted serially for relevant confounders, including moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and body mass index (BMI). Restricted cubic splines were used to further examine non-linear relationships.

Results
The fully adjusted model (including BMI, MVPA, and history of cardiovascular disease) showed daily sitting time to be significantly associated with knee pain in the overall sample (OR = 1.07, 95%CI: 1.01–1.12) and in those with T2D (OR = 1.11, 95%CI: 1.00–1.22); this was not statistically significant in those with prediabetes (OR = 1.04, 95%CI: 0.91–1.18) or NGM (OR = 1.05, 95%CI: 0.98–1.13). There were no statistically significant associations between daily sitting time and neck, shoulder, or low back pain in any of the models. Furthermore, the non-linear relationships were statistically non-significant.

Conclusion
Among middle-aged and older adults with T2D, daily sitting time was significantly associated with higher odds of knee pain, but not with neck, shoulder, or low back pain. No significant association was observed in those without T2D for neck, shoulder, low back, or knee pain. Future studies, preferably those utilising prospective designs, could examine additional attributes of daily sitting (e.g., sitting bouts and domain-specific sitting time) and the potential relationships of knee pain with mobility limitations.
Association between car driving and successful ageing. A cross sectional study on the "S.AGES" cohort
Authors: Baudouin Edouard , Zitoun Sarah , Corruble Emmanuelle , Vidal Jean-Sébastien , Becquemont Laurent , Duron Emmanuelle 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundAssessing successful ageing (SA) is essential to identify modifiable factors in order to enforce health promotion and prevention actions. SA comprises 3 dimensions: an active engagement with life, a low probability of disease and disease-related disability, and a high cognitive and physical functional capacity. Driving seems to be linked to SA as it is a mean to preserve social interactions and requires preserved functional and cognitive status. This study aims to investigate whether driving status can be considered a proxy of SA, by describing determinants associated with driving status in the 65+.MethodsThis cross-sectional study is ancillary to the S.AGES (Sujets AGÉS—Aged Subjects) study, an observational prospective cohort study which included patients suffering from chronic pain, type-2 diabetes mellitus or atrial fibrillation from 2009 to 2014. SA was defined by the success of three dimensions: physiological comprised of comorbidity and autonomy scores, psychological comprised of cognitive status and emotional state, and a social dimension.Results2,098 patients were included of whom 1,226 (58.4%) reported being drivers. 351/2,092 (16.7%) were classified as successful agers: 292/1,266 (23.8%) in the driver group vs. 59/872 (6.8%) in the non-driver group; p < .001. In the final logistic model, after adjustment for relevant variables, SA was associated with driver status OR 1.94 [1.36–2.77].ConclusionDriving may be considered as a proxy to SA: it reflects elders’ independence, cognitive ability and a means to maintain social interactions. To preserve their mobility and enable them to achieve SA, regular screening of driving skills, specific rehabilitation programs are needed. Moreover development and communication on special transports services, communal rides or even driverless car to avoid apprehension around older adults driving could be solutions.
The Effect of Auditor Competence, Audit Complexity, and Auditor Time Budget Pressure on Audit Quality with The Information System Understanding as Moderating Variable
Authors: Risya Khaerun Nisa Risya Khaerun Nisa 
Published: May 2023

Purpose: The progress of a company can be seen from the position of its financial statements. Therefore the financial statements must be audited by a qualified Public Accountant or Auditor to show that the financial statements are presented fairly. The auditor must perform a quality audit to provide reliable and trustworthy information. This study aims to determine the effect of auditor competence, audit complexity, and auditor time budget pressure on audit quality with the information systems understanding as moderating variable.
Methodology: This study conducted on auditors working at the Public Accounting Firm of DKI Jakarta recorded in the directory of Indonesian Institute of Accountants. The samples of this study consists of 20 Public Accounting Firm. Data collection technique used primary data. Primary data obtained through the survey by distributing questionnaires to respondents. The questionnaires were distributed directly to the auditors at 20 Public Accounting Firm. Data analysis technique used moderated regression analysis (MRA).
Findings: The result of the research shows that: Auditor competence has a positive effect on audit quality, audit complexity does not effect audit quality, and auditor time budget pressure has negative effect on audit quality. The interaction of information system understanding between auditor competence with audit quality is an independent variable. The interaction of information system understanding between audit complexity with audit quality is not a moderation variable. Meanwhile, the interaction of information system understanding between auditor time budget pressure with audit quality is a quasi moderator.
Novelty: This paper uses auditor competence that distinguishes it from previous studies.
Keywords: auditor competence, audit complexity, auditor time budget pressure, audit quality,
information system understanding
Gambaran Kepatuhan Pelaksanaan Protokol Kesehatan Pencegahan COVID-19 pada Masyarakat Pasca Vaksinasi
Authors: Ayuniati Ni Luh Ketut , Dewi Ni Luh Putu Thrisna , Pramesti Theresia Anita 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) has experienced an increase in the number of cases in the world and in Indonesia in particular. Vaccination efforts are carried out by the government to reduce the transmission of COVID-19 transmission, reduce morbidity and death rates and achieve herd immunity. The problem in the field is that people who have been vaccinated have begun to neglect the implementation of health protocols. Limited study explored compliance to implement COVID-19 health protocols post vaccination. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of compliance with the implementation of the COVID-19 preventive health protocol in the post-vaccination community in the Unit Pelaksana Teknis Daerah (UPTD) work area of Rumah Sakit Umum (RSU) Payangan. Methods: the research method was descriptive research. The research sample were 268 people who had met the criteria of completed vaccinated, be able to use Whatsapp and aged 20-70 years old with the Simple Random Sampling sample technique. Data was collected with questionnaires, namely questionnaires to identify the characteristics of respondents and questionnaires to assess community compliance with implementing COVID-19 prevention health protocols and analysed by statistical test. Results: the results were obtained from 268 respondents, most of the people were obedient in using masks (83.2%), obediently washing hands (93.3%), obedient in maintaining distance (60.4%) and obedient in maintaining health (83, 2%). Conclusion: compliance in maintaining distance is the lowest compliance, the number of traditional and cultural activities in the community, economic demands and fulfilment of needs causes people to gather. It is very important to increase public supervision in implementing Health protocols and providing facilities and facilities.