bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stepan Sokolovskii, Novoe vremia, and the Cartoons of Empire
Authors: Hoffman Zachary 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Stepan Fedorovich Sokolovskii (pen name Coré) served as the primary caricaturist for the prominent St. Petersburg newspaper Novoe vremia (New Times, 1868–1917) in the late 1890s and early 1900s. While his vibrant style and prolific output have led his cartoons to appear frequently in scholarship, few studies examine his work specifically. Interestingly, his illustrations for Novoe vremia focus almost exclusively on international politics, and thus, prominently engage in national and ethnic stereotypes. These caricatures not only offered eye-catching and amusing visual depictions of foreign relations, they also showed Russia’s imperial rivals as buffoonish back-stabbers that represented the worst excesses of imperialist exploitation. In this way, Sokolovskii’s works offer an intriguing snapshot of popular attitudes towards Russia’s allies and enemies. This essay surveys the broad themes of Sokolovskii’s work and examines the ways his drawings encapsulated complex international conflicts and offered pithy visual representations of Novoe vremia’s loyalist and nationalistic take on foreign affairs. Further, it fills a gap in the scholarship by shedding light on the biography of this prolific artist and examining his views on political caricature as a medium.
Satire and Propaganda in the Graphic Art of Vladimir Lebedev
Authors: Misler Nicoletta 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The focus of this article is on the social caricatures which Vladimir Vasil’evich Lebedev (1891–1967) produced just before and after 1917, especially for the journals Satirikon and Novyi Satirikon (New Satyricon), tо which his immediate colleagues such as Boris Grigor’ev and Vladimir Kozlinsky also contributed. With copious references to Lebedev’s personal archive and to his domestic “laboratory” of cut-outs and preliminary drawings, the text and illustrations treat of Lebedev’s satirical attitudes towards both the bourgeoisie and the political élite and of his often ambivalent depiction of “friends” and “enemies,” a condition also evident in his ROSTA posters and in Nikolai Punin’s 1922 book of reproductions called Russkii plakat 1917–1922. A key argument is that during the 1910s–1930s, ideological pressures notwithstanding, Lebedev managed to retain an esthetic distance and that, rather than kowtow to a given regime, ultimately, found artistic refuge in illustrations for children’s books, often in collaboration with writers such as Samuil Marshak.
Pembrolizumab as an immunotherapy drug in the treatment of a patient with recurrent (unresectable) cancer of the lower lip
Authors: Markulan L. Y. , Makarevych L. M. 
Published: December 2022

Advances in immunotherapy have changed approaches to the treatment of recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC). The US Food and Drug Administration (the FDA) has approved both pembrolizumab monotherapy for first‑line treatment of the tumours expressing the programmed cell death receptor‑1 (PD‑L1; combined positive score of ≥ 1) in patients with R/M HNSCC and pembrolizumab administration in combination with platinum and fluorouracil regardless of the level of PD‑L1 expression. Pembrolizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody class drug that activates the anti‑tumour immune response.
Objective — to present treatment outcomes for recurrent (unresectable) cancer of the lower lip that was treated using a pembrolizumab monotherapy regimen.
Patient H., born in 1968, received a 20‑month combined therapy for cancer of the lower lip. He had radical surgical removal of the primary tumour and two surgical resections of metastases, as well as courses of both remote gamma‑therapy and polychemotherapy. Nevertheless, the disease progressed from T2N0M0 to T4N1M0. In the area of the chin and right cheek, the patient developed a defect of the skin and subcutaneous tissue measuring 18 ´ 10 cm with purulent‑necrotic margins and an external fistula of the oral cavity. He was also bothered by unbearable pain in the area of the tumour and an unpleasant odour from the mouth and from the tumour. The patient was prescribed immunotherapy with pembrolizumab since an immunohistochemical examination revealed an RD‑L1‑positive tumour. One year after the start of immunotherapy, which included 17 courses of cancer treatment, the wound healed and the patient’s quality of life significantly improved. No adverse reactions were observed during immunotherapy. Computed tomography revealed a 25 x 15 mm nodule at the level of the lower jaw on the right and a lymph node of about 10 mm in diameter in the area of the lower parts of the right parotid salivary gland. Distant metastases were not detected. Currently, immunotherapy is ongoing. The issue of surgical removal of pathological formations is under consideration.
This case demonstrates the positive outcomes of a pembrolizumab monotherapy regimen in a patient with R/M HNSCC.
A clinical case of disorders of hepatic function and possibilities of their correction after COVID-19 based on foreign and domestic recommendations
Authors: Fadieienko G. D. , Nikiforova Y. V. , Chernyak A. M. 
Published: December 2022

Due to the complex epidemiological situation resulting from the infection of COVID‑19, doctors of various specialties have a number of questions regarding the tactics of patients’ management. Current data indicate that SARS‑CoV‑2 has the ability to affect all organs and systems of the body, including the gastrointestinal tract. Liver is one of the target organs, affected by COVID‑19 infection. The authors consider the latest foreign and domestic recommendations for the treatment of patients with hepatic lesions. A clinical case of hepatic dysfunction and possibilities of its correction after COVID‑19 have been outlined. The main pathogenetic mechanisms of changes in liver samples are highlighted, including immune activation and inflammation caused by cytokines with the initiation of cytokine storm, coagulopathy and multiple organ failure, cytotoxicity due to virus replication in cholangiocytes and hepatocytes with the participation of angiotensin‑converting enzyme‑2 and serine protease‑2 receptors, severe hypoxia caused by vascular endothelium damage, drug‑induced liver damage caused by hepatotoxicity and immune‑mediated damage, reactivation of previously existing liver diseases (hepatitis, non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease, as well as progression and decompensation of liver cirrhosis). The domestic algorithm for the management of patients with liver diseases, hospitalized with confirmed COVID‑19 infection, involves the control of liver samples once every 2 — 3 months, annual control of fibrosis degree, correction of diet and lifestyle, minimization of drug therapy, administration of drugs (hepatoprotectors) and correction of microcirculation processes and functions of other organs/systems.
The presented clinical case demonstrates the importance of timely treatment of liver functional disorders and the need for dynamic monitoring of the condition of patients who have contracted COVID‑19.
Modern view on the age-associated gastrointestinal diseases. Review
Authors: Kolesnikova O. V. , Radchenko A. O. 
Published: December 2022

The substantial improvement of diagnostic methods, treatment and preventive measures in recent years resulted in the significant increase in life expectancy, which in turn contributed to an increase in the frequency of chronic noncommunicable diseases among elderly patients. Pathological conditions that are related to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are an extremely common reason for consultations among patients of all ages, but the elderly people are most prone to the development of GI diseases. Available information regarding which GI changes are normal in older age and which ones are pathologic is limited, and the available data is usually contradictory. The diagnostic algorithm in elderly patients with GI symptoms is even more complicated by the frequent presence of concomitant diseases. In addition, the elderlies usually have atypical manifestations of the GI disease with subtle symptoms; therefore, doctors who are not familiar with It may not diagnose the disease timely. Drug side effects manifested in the GI tract are also a common phenomenon in elderly patients and they can also change the clinical picture and complicate the diagnosis of GI pathologies. Thus, elderly patients represent a population group among whom effective detection and correct diagnosis of GI diseases become extremely difficult for physicians who are not familiar with the features of age‑related changes in the GI tract and peculiarities of GI diseases. Therefore, the expansion of knowledge about the course of GI disorders in this category of patients is absolutely necessary for further improvement of the quality and duration of life of such patients. Our review presents modern data on the prevalence of gastrointestinal tract pathologies, their role in the general morbidity of the population, the most typical disorders of the gastrointestinal tract in elderly patients, the mechanism of drug interactions and side effects of drugs that can cause the development of complications from the GI tract.
Myeloperoxidase and global longitudinal strain in prognostication of clinical events after ST segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Petyunina O. V. , Kopytsya M. P. , Kobets A. V. , Berezin A. E. 
Published: December 2022

Elevated levels of several inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, such as myeloperoxidase (MPO) and some characteristics of damaged myocardium such as myocardial deformation (global longitudinal strain — GLS) seem to be promising biomarkers for acute coronary syndrome, but their predictive ability for clinical outcomes amongst ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients having obesity remained unclear.
The aim of the study was to to determine the impact of MPO and GLS on prediction of 1‑year combined clinical events in STEMI patients successfully treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) depending on abdominal obesity presentation.
Materials and methods. We prospectively enrolled 102 individuals with STEMI who were successfully treated with primary PCI. All patients gave their consent to participate in the study. The biomarkers (MPO, cardiac troponins), echocardiographic and Doppler parameters including global longitudinal strain (GLS) were evaluated at the baseline.
Results. The MPO level in the entire population of patients with STEMI was 129.45 [48.48 — 179.70] ng/ml. The group was divided into two cohorts depending on the median level of MPO (≥ 98.34 ng/ml and < 98.34 ng/ml). We observed 26 combined end‑points (10 and 17 in patients with MPO ³ 98.34 ng/ml and < 98.34 ng/ml, respectively (F test = 0.064285; ε2 = 4.29; р = 0.046). Multivariate linear regression showed that the only GLS and MPO remained independent predictors for the clinical outcomes.
Conclusions. Global longitudinal strain was the best predictor for 1‑year combined clinical outcomes in STEMI patients who were undergone successful primary PCI. Body fat accumulation seems to show borderline significance when compared with GLS, while it was sufficiently better than MPO.
STABILITAS UMKM TERHADAP PEMULIHAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT PALEMBANG PASCA PANDEMI COVID 19
Authors: Mikail Kiki , Panorama Maya , Otoman Otoman 
Published: December 2022

The study applied the theory of economic development to solve the problems and challenges of the economic recovery the small and medium enterprise (SME) after covid 19. The policy of social distancing has certainly change the economic activities of the people of Palembang. As a result of this policy, the economic growth Palembang People slows down and decreases by around 3 percent in 2020. Therefore, dynamic policies and development are needed to respond economic proble post covid 19. The peak economic slowdown in Palembang generally is influenced by a number of factors, ranging from decline in household consumption, investment to exports. Form three components, household consumption have paleyd major role in suppressing the Palembang economy due to the covid 19 pandemic.
Therefore, for economic revival post covid 19, the Palembang local government must strengthen public institutions and services and align a strategies provide clear signal for better and systematic transition. Reforming renewable energy and increasing local production and the small and medium enterprise (SME) will gradually increase the economic resilience of the private sector. Increasing adequacy in the early of the post covid 19 economic recovery is significantly to control ivestment and economic growth in Palembang
Domestic Violence in Iraq: A Critical discourse analysis of passivization and gender inequality
Authors: Maleka D. Hasan Mster Stud. , Farah Abduljabbar Almnaseer Ass.Prof.Dr. 
Published: December 2022

Women usually experience more incidents of violence than men particularly domestic violence (DV). DV includes different forms of family violence such as forced marriage and honor crimes that are perpetrated by family members. In this regard, this study intends to investigate Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs) reports on DV in Iraq through the critical discourse analysis (CDA) approach. This article aims to explore the functional descriptions of the reports' language on DV and to uncover the ideology of gender inequality causes. To achieve the aims , an eclectic modal is adopted including Halliday's (1985, 1994, 2004) systemic functional linguistics (SFL) along with Fairclough's (1992, 1995, 2001) three-dimensional framework for the analysis of the linguistic devices to examine gender inequality in NGOs reports on DV. The article is conducted through the qualitative method approach. Moreover, the data tackled two reports representing DV in Iraq and presented by the Organization of Women’s Freedom in Iraq (OWFI). The conclusions indicate that there is an increased use of passive voice to talk about violence caused by male perpetrators. Further, presuppositions and references reveal that CDA can explore the relationships among language, and the ideology of gender inequality.
النفي في اللغتين الروسية والعربية
Authors: ماجدة جميل عاشور أ.م.د. 
Published: December 2022

ترجع أهمية هذا البحث إلى الصعوبات التي يواجهها الطلاب في دراسة وترجمة مفردات النافية في اللغتين الروسية والعربية. يتطلب دراسة أي لغة معرفة طرق وأشكال ترجمة النفي في النص. تتضمن ترجمة أي نص البحث عن كلمات مماثلة قريبة في المعنى دون الإخلال بفهم المحتوى. لهذا ، لان من المهم تحسين مهارات الترجمة باستمرار. الهدف الرئيسي للمقال هو النظر في عملية المفردات المنفية عند مقارنة نظامين لغويين. تم تحديد المشكلة التي ظهرت أثناء دراسة ادوات النفي أثناء الترجمة ومناقشتها بالتفصيل في أقسام المقالة ، أولاً للغة الروسية ، ثم للغة العربية بشكل منفصل. للحصول على نتائج هذه الدراسة تم استخدام أسلوب التحليل المقارن لتعلم اللغة. أثناء التحليل في عملية البحث ، تم تحديد مجموعة من المهام: وصف الادوات النافية ، وتحديد أنواع النفي في اللغات ، وتحليل مقارن لأوجه التشابه والاختلاف في أشكال النفي في اللغتين الروسية والعربية . استنتاجات هذه الدراسة: استخدام النفي والادوات النافية هي نفس الشيء في اللغتين الروسية والعربية ، ولكن تختلف طرق التعبير عن النفي بدون ادوات النفي في هاتين اللغتين.
فاعلية المسرح المدرسي وأثره على التربية والتعليم في المدارس العراقية
Authors: ستار داخل صيفي م.م. 
Published: December 2022

يهدف البحث إلى تقويم الأنشطة المسرحية في المدارس والمساهمة والارتقاء بالواقع التعليمي على مستوى البلدان المتقدمة؛ لمعرفة وكشف المعوقات التي تعاني منها المدارس في الأنشطة المسرحية ومحاولة تذليلها والوقوف عليها، يضم مجتمع البحث مكانياً نتاجات المسرح المدرسي، وحصرياً في بعض المدارس التابعة لمديرية تربية الكرخ/2 والتي يوجد فيها النشاط المسرحي المدرسي. وضمن الفترة الزمانية (2018-2019) وقد وزع الباحث عدد من الاستبيانات بلغ العدد منها (30) استبيان على بعض المدارس وبعض من ذوي الاختصاص والمشرفين، واستنتج الباحث عدة استنتاجات منها: إن لدرس الرياضة في المدرسة له علاقة مشتركة والنشاط المسرحي لغرض رفد التلاميذ بالثقافة الجسدية لاكتشاف مواطن الضعف والسلبيات ورصدها من اجل ضبط حركة التلميذ وهو يؤدي دوره، وهناك ارتباط وثيق بين التجربة العملية وتطور النشاط المسرحي المدرسي لخلق عروض مسرحية تتسم بسمة الابداع، لان من مهام المسرح هو خلق واقع تعليمي متطور، يسعى نشاط المسرح المدرسي الى استثمار العديد من الطاقات والمواهب لدى التلاميذ لتستثمر داخل الفصل او المدرسة بشكل اوسع لجعل العملية التربوية اكثر حيوية والبحث المستمر عما هو متجدد ومتطور.
وأوصى الباحث بعدة توصيات منها: تأسيس مسرح مدرسي في كل منطقة يتبنى الانشطة المسرحية والفعاليات التي تقوم بها المدارس ضمن المنطقة الادارية، ووجود معلم مختص بالأنشطة المسرحية يكون مسؤول عن تعليم التلاميذ وتدريبهم.
ناصيف ال نصار ودوره السياسي في جبل لبنان 1749 – 1780
Authors: سعد عزيز كريم الحميداوي م. م. 
Published: December 2022

تؤلف دراسة الشخصيات التاريخية حلقة اساسية في سلسلة الجهود المبذولة عند كتابة التاريخ، وفي اطار دراسة تاريخ لبنان الحديث فأن من الضروري مواصلة الاهتمام بالكتابة عن الشخصيات التي اسهمت بشكل فعال في تاريخ لبنان الحديث ولها بصمات واضحة في مسيرة احداث ذلك التاريخ ولاسيما في الجانب السياسي, وقد عرف الجزء الجنوبي من لبنان بجبل عامل, أو بلاد بشارة نسبة الى اسرة بشارة التي استوطنت المنطقة منذ عقود طويلة, ويعتقد بعضهم ان هذه التسمية اطلقت حديثاً, بينما جبل عامل قد عرف منذ القدم.
ان دراسة هذه الشخصية من المواضيع المهمة في التاريخ اللبناني اذ يتم من خلالها التركيز على الاحداث السياسية للوقوف على الدور الذي قامت به, اذ تناول البحث شخصية مهمة اثبتت وجودها بشكل قوي في تاريخ لبنان وهي شخصية ناصيف الَ نصار والتعرف على الاعمال التي قام بها ولابد ان يرافقها استعراض مقتضب لبعض التطورات السياسية في لبنان, فهناك علاقة بين تلك الشخصية والتطورات السياسية, لما اضطلع به من دور كبير في تاريخ لبنان فهو قائد مطاع ومقاتل شرس وامير حكيم ناضل من اجل استقلال لبنان.
كانت البداية بالنسب والولادة فهو من اسرة عرفت بزعامته لجبل عامل هي أسرة آل الأسعد ظهرت في منطقة جنوب لبنان بحدود أواخر القرن الثاني عشر, ولما كانت اصولهم ترجع الى اسرة علي الصغير الوائلية فلا غرابة, ان نجدها بدأت تأخذ دور القيادي في بلاد بشارة بالمشاركة مع بعض الاسر التي تقل عنها نفوذاً, ومن ثم عرجنا على ظروف زعامته والاساليب التي اتبعها في توحيد منطقة جبل عامل, وبيان الحلف مع ظاهر العمر ومحمد بك الكبير وتسليط الضوء على اهم المعارك التي خاضها ناصيف اَل نصار في حياته, وصراعه مع احمد الجزار الذي تمكن من هزيمة ناصيف وقتله في واقعة يارون اذ كان العقبة الوحيدة التي تقف للحيلولة دون دخول جبل عامل وضمها لسلطانه, لذلك دخل الجزار جبل عامل واستباحها فقتل المشايخ وفرض الضرائب وعاش الناس في رعب وخوف
Effect of Firm-Specific Variables on Stock Returns: Evidence from Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Purna Man , Lamichhane Pitambar 
Published: December 2022

Background: Common stock return is a major concern for investors and the management of the firm. Investors always want to increase their values of common stock; thus, they always want to increase common stock returns. The investor for investment prefers the company that provides better common stock return. Thus, the management of the firm always wants to increase common stock returns. The common stock return is affected by so many internal and external factors. Internal factors are the firm-specific factors that the firm's management can control, and external factors are the macroeconomic factors that the individual firm cannot control. Generally, firm-specific factors include the size of the firm, book-to-market equity, earnings yield, cash flow yield, dividend yield, leverage, return on assets, sales-to-price ratio etc. If the firm's management identifies these factors influence, they can increase their common stock return.
Objective: This paper aims to investigate the effect of firm-specific variables on the stock return of Nepalese commercial banks.
Methods: To observe the influence of firm-specific variables on stock return of Nepalese commercial banks, multivariate regression analysis have been applied. In regression analysis stock return is taken as dependent variable and firm-specific variables such as size (lnME), book-to-market equity (BE/ME), earnings yield (E/P), dividend yield (D/P), return on assets (ROA), earning per share (EPS), sales per share to stock price (S/P) ratio have been taken as explanatory variables.
Findings: This paper finds the positive impact of D/P and EPS, and the negative effect of E/P, ROA and S/P ratio on the stock return of Nepalese commercial banks.
Conclusions: This paper concludes that Nepalese commercial banks can increase common stock return by increasing D/P and EPS and lowering E/P, ROA and S/P ratios.
Implication: The findings of this study can be implemented by investors for investment decisions and bank management to maximize the stock returns of Nepalese commercial banks.
Study on the Changes in Common Laboratory Parameters in Dengue Patients with Secondary Bacterial Infection
Authors: D.D. Haputhanthiri  , M.A.F. Sabriya  , J.M.R.W.W.Wadanamby  , D.H.H.Munasinghe  
Published: December 2022

Secondary bacterial infection can adversely affect the clinical course of primary viral infection indengue fever. Time consuming microbiological culture confirmations and false negative culture resultsdelay the timely initiation of antibiotics. The objective of this study was to describe the variation in thecommon laboratory parameters during the illness, identify criteria that may predict secondary bacterialinfection before microbial culture confirmation, identify the common organisms causing secondarybacterial infections and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns. A retrospective case-control study was carriedout at the Dengue Management Unit of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Sri Lanka. Patientstreated with antibiotics upon suspicion or culture confirmation of secondary bacterial infections andpatients not treated with antibiotics were selected for the study. Total WBC count, absolute neutrophilcount, platelet count, HCT (Hematocrit), CRP (C Reactive Protein) and average body temperature wererecorded. Independent sample t-test was used to analyze the data. Study results showed that most positivemicrobial cultures were detected on the 6th and 7th days of illness. Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, andnon-speciated Gram-positive cocci were the commonly isolated organisms. Patients with confirmedsecondary bacterial infection had significantly higher neutrophil count (3.32±0.35x103/μL, p<0.05) andlower platelet counts (49.33±7.66x103/μL, p<0.05) on the 6th and 5th day of illness respectively. Theaverage body temperature was significantly higher in the study group than the control from the fever day3 onwards (p<0.05). The study subjects were more likely to have significantly lower HCT values(38.62±1.12%, p<0.05) than their controls on the third and fourth days of fever. Overall, the present studysuggests that bacterial co-infection increases the mortality rate in dengue patients. The variation inabsolute neutrophil count, platelet count, and body temperature pattern compared to the illness day can beused along for early prediction of secondary bacterial infection.
Keywords: dengue, bacterial infection, antibiotics, platelet count, HCT