bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling of ethylene copolymerization in nonisothermal high-pressure reactors using bifunctional initiators
Authors: Khazraei P. K. F. , Dhib Ramdhane 
Published: July 2023

<p>Enhancing the performance of high-pressure LDPE process is valuable for polymer industry. However, the severe thermodynamics requirement of high pressure and temperature hinders the reaction process from getting simultaneously high monomer conversion and polymer molecular weights. Bifunctional peroxides used as initiators can boost the polymerization rate and alter rheological polymer properties. This article proposes a new kinetics model of ethylene/butyl acrylate copolymerization with bifunctional initiators in a high-pressure nonisothermal tubular reactor. Model predictions are compared with available data. A SQP optimization scheme is employed to determine a suitable wall temperature for each zone along the nonisothermal tubular reactor. In comparison with the monofunctional TBPPI peroxide, a lower amount of the bifunctional DHBPPI peroxide is needed to get a higher conversion in shorter residence time, but at the expense of higher thermal energy. The results also showed that polymers produced with bifunctional peroxides are significantly more branched. </p>
Convective heat transfer in domed skylight cavities
Authors: Sartipi AmirAbbas , Laouadi Abdelaziz , Naylor David , Dhib Ramdhane 
Published: July 2023

<p>Domed skylights are important architectural design elements that deliver daylight and solar heat into buildings, and connect the building's occupants to the outdoor environment. Despite the widespread use of domed skylights, there is limited information on the convective heat transfer within cavities of multi-glazed domes. This information is required to evaluate the thermal performance of domed skylights for product rating purposes, or to evaluate the heat loss or gain of installed skylights in buildings. This article presents a numerical study on the laminar natural convection in horizontal concentric domed cavities heated from the inside surface. A commercial CFD package is used to solve for the flow and temperature fields. The results show that for large cavity gap spacing-to-radius ratios, the cavity flow is mono-cellular and steady state. For small gap spacing ratios, however, the cavity flow may be multi-cellular and transient periodic. Practical correlations for the heat transfer coefficient as a function of the cavity shape and gap spacing ratio are developed for both flow regimes. The critical gap spacing ratio that yields the maximum Nusselt number is quantified for each cavity shape. </p>
Book review: Carmody, Pádraig. 2011. The New Scramble for Africa. Cambridge, UK, and Malden, MA: Polity Press.
Authors: Gore Christopher 
Published: July 2023

<p> What explains China’s decision to send navy warships to the coast of Somalia to participate in a multi-country military effort to minimize piracy? To date, China’s formal, multilateral peacekeeping operations in sub-Saharan Africa have been in noncombat-related support positions and have been hugely disproportionate to the size of its military and to the contributions that countries like Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh have made. At a time when China’s international cooperation with Western countries on security and environmental issues is unusual or fraught, its participation in a multi-country military patrol of the Gulf of Aden seems anomalous </p>
Roboethics principles and policies in Europe and North America
Authors: Langman Sofya , Capicotto Nicole , Maddahi Yaser , Zareinia Kourosh 
Published: July 2023

<p>Robotics and artificial intelligence (AI) are revolutionizing all spheres of human life. From industrial processes to graphic design, the implementation of automated intelligent systems is changing how industries work. The spread of robots and AI systems has triggered academic institutions to closely examine how these technologies may affect the humanity—this is how the fields of roboethics and AI ethics have been born. The identification of ethical issues for robotics and AI and creation of ethical frameworks were the first steps to creating a regulatory environment for these technologies. In this paper, we focus on regulatory efforts in Europe and North America to create enforceable regulation for AI and robotics. We describe and compare ethical principles, policies, and regulations that have been proposed by government organizations for the design and use of robots and AI. We also discuss proposed international regulation for robotics and AI. This paper tries to highlight the need for a comprehensive, enforceable, and agile policy to ethically regulate technology today and in the future. Through reviewing existing policies, we conclude that the European Unition currently leads the way in defining roboethics and AI ethical principles and implementing them into policy. Our findings suggest that governments in Europe and North America are aware of the ethical risks that robotics and AI pose, and are engaged in policymaking to create regulatory policies for these new technologies.</p>
<p> </p>
The effects of tube Dimples-Protrusions on the thermo-fluidic properties of turbulent forced-convection
Authors: Farsad Saeed , Mashayekhi Mahmoud , Zolfagharnasab Mohammad Hossein , Lakhi Mohammad , Farhani Foad , Zareinia Kourosh , Okati Vahab 
Published: July 2023

<p>Among the techniques offered to improve the efficiency of <a href="https://www-sciencedirect-com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/topics/engineering/heat-exchanger" target="_blank">heat exchangers</a>, the Dimpled surfaces were repeatedly reported as an applicable solution. In this regard, the current study is formed to evaluate the thermofluidic performance of Dimpled-Protruded tubes while following four novel investigations. Firstly, the impact of Protrusions next to the typical Dimple shape on the turbulence mixing and the forced-convection phenomenon was investigated. Secondly, a detailed comparison was carried out between the interfacial <a href="https://www-sciencedirect-com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/topics/engineering/heat-transfer" target="_blank">heat transfer</a> of the Dimpled-Protruded tube and the smooth equivalent. Thirdly, a novel Dimpled-Protruded arrangement was utilized, and its thermal performance was evaluated in various Reynolds (<em>Re</em>) numbers. Lastly, both zonal and interfacial heat transfer mechanisms intensified by using Dimpled-Protruded shapes were scrutinized.</p>
<p>Based on the results, the small vorticities at the Dimpled-Protruded locations were responsible for increasing the interfacial heat transfer. Moreover, the <a href="https://www-sciencedirect-com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/topics/engineering/rough-tube" target="_blank">rough tube</a> prompted the <a href="https://www-sciencedirect-com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/topics/engineering/flow-turbulence" target="_blank">flow turbulence</a> at lower <em>Re</em>; thus, the heat transfer improved by 36.21% compared with the smooth type. Meanwhile, although the <a href="https://www-sciencedirect-com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/topics/engineering/heat-convection" target="_blank">convective heat transfer</a> improved up to 84.46%, the <a href="https://www-sciencedirect-com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/topics/engineering/friction-loss" target="_blank">friction losses</a> increased between 25% and 60% as the <em>Re</em> increased. Fortunately, however, the <a href="https://www-sciencedirect-com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/topics/engineering/friction-effect" target="_blank">friction effects</a> have produced insignificant pressure drops, proving that Dimpled-Protruded tubes effectively improve forced-convecting heat transfer.</p>
<p> </p>
RoboEthics in COVID-19: A Case Study in Dentistry
Authors: Maddahi Yaser , Kalvandi Maryam , Langman Sofya , Capicotto Nicole , Zareinia Kourosh 
Published: July 2023

<p>The COVID-19 pandemic has caused dramatic effects on the healthcare system, businesses, and education. In many countries, businesses were shut down, universities and schools had to cancel in-person classes, and many workers had to work remotely and socially distance in order to prevent the spread of the virus. These measures opened the door for technologies such as robotics and artificial intelligence to play an important role in minimizing the negative effects of such closures. There have been many efforts in the design and development of robotic systems for applications such as disinfection and eldercare. Healthcare education has seen a lot of potential in simulation robots, which offer valuable opportunities for remote learning during the pandemic. However, there are ethical considerations that need to be deliberated in the design and development of such systems. In this paper, we discuss the principles of roboethics and how these can be applied in the new era of COVID-19. We focus on identifying the most relevant ethical principles and apply them to a case study in dentistry education. DenTeach was developed as a portable device that uses sensors and computer simulation to make dental education more efficient. DenTeach makes remote instruction possible by allowing students to learn and practice dental procedures from home. We evaluate DenTeach on the principles of data, common good, and safety, and highlight the importance of roboethics in Canada. The principles identified in this paper can inform researchers and educational institutions considering implementing robots in their curriculum.</p>
<p> </p>
Structuring Neoliberal Governance: The Nonprofit Sector, Emerging New Modes of Control and the Marketisation of Service Delivery
Authors: Evans Bryan , Richmond Ted , Shields John 
Published: July 2023

<p> </p>
<p>Governments in the Anglo-American democracies have restructured their relationships with nonprofit organisations (NPOs). New modes of control have emerged which represent the paradox of centralised decentralisation. We examine the impacts on NPO financing, accountability and human resources. While the experience of Canadian NPOs is used to illustrate the impact of neoliberal induced restructuring, comparative evidence suggests that the Canadian experience is broadly representative. The imposition of neoliberal governance structures on nonprofit service providers serves to compromise their autonomy and advocacy function, while commercialising nonprofit operations and imposing burdens that have strained organisational capacity. The neoliberal model of market-based regulation has moved many nonprofit service organisations away from their community oriented focus and towards a “business model”. In various forms, the state has introduced quasi-markets or, at a minimum, required NPO's to engage in more competitive practices with negative consequences for nonprofit mission, culture and labour-management practices. The result is a growing level of instability within the sector.</p>
<p><br></p>
NGO-Government Relations and Immigrant Services: Contradictions and Challenges
Authors: Richmond Ted , Shields John 
Published: July 2023

<p>This article critically examines the “Canadian model” of immigrant settlement service delivery. This is a system where most settlement services are provided through community-based, including ethno-specific, agencies funded primarily by the various levels of government. Although this model has been widely celebrated as an efficient, immigrant-friendly, and inclusive model to be emulated elsewhere, we argue that it is a system in crisis. Rather than continuing to promote this model uncritically, we examine the roots of this crisis and in this light offer a reconsideration of a series of current policy issues in immigrant service provision in Canada.</p>
<p> </p>
ANALISIS KEBERLANJUTAN IKAN KERAPU SUNU (P. leopardus) DI KEPULAUAN SPERMONDE SULAWESI SELATAN
Authors: Ernaningsih Ernaningsih , Hadijah Sitti , Djafar Syahrul , Yunus Muhammad 
Published: July 2023

Grouper fish (P. leopardus) is one of the export commodities, where a very high fishing intensity causes overfishing. The management of catch fisheries that have been based on maximum sustainable results cannot accurately answer the problem of non-continuity comprehensively. FAO hints it needs to analyze ecological, economic, social, technological and legal-institutional factors. This research aims to determine the sustainability status of sunu grouper fish (P. leopardus) based on ecological, economic, social, fishing technology and law / institutional dimensions. These five dimensions identify sensitive attributes/factors and provide strategic and policy recommendations in support of sustainability. The study was conducted from June 2018 to September 2018, in the Spermonde Islands of South Sulawesi. The method used in this study is the survey method with the Rapfish technique. Based on Rapfish analysis and weight determination for sustainability showed that the value of the sunu grouper sustainability index in spermonde islands amounted to 32.97 (unsustainable).
Tingkat Pengetahuan Perawat terhadap Perawatan Luka Menggunakan Metode Moist Wound Healing
Authors: Della Safitri  , Munir Nur Wahyuni , Safruddin  
Published: July 2023

Moist wound healing adalah metode mempertahankan isolasi lingkungan luka yang tetap lembab dengan menggunakan balutan penahan kelembaban sehingga penyembuhan luka dan pertumbuhan jaringan dapat terjadi secara alami. Pengetahuan sangat penting dalam penggunaan dan pemilihan produk perawatan luka terutama pemilihan balutan. Penelitian ini tertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat pengetahuan perawat terkait perawatan luka dengan metode moist wound healing. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode penelitian deskriptif. Adapun sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 55 orang perawat di RSUD Labuang Baji Makassar. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner tingkat pengetahuan berisi 20 butir pertanyaan dan dilaksanakan pada Juli - Agustus 2022. Hasil penelitian ini disajikan dalam bentuk tabel frekuensi sesuai tujuan penelitian dan disertai narasi sebagai penjelasan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan responden tergolong tinggi karena menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan baik sebanyak 53 perawat (96,4%) namun seluruh perawat belum pernah mengikuti pelatihan terkait perawatan luka. Mayoritas responden memiliki pengetahuan baik yang sangat dipengaruhi oleh usia, tingkat pendidikan dan lama kerja perawat walaupun belum pernah mengikuti pelatihan perawatan luka metode moist woung healing. Melalui hasil penelitian ini diharapkan bagi pihak rumah sakit dapat memfasilitasi pelatihan perawatan luka kepada perawat.
Hubungan Manajemen Waktu dengan Kebiasaan Prokrastinasi Penyusunan Skripsi pada Mahasiswa Keperawatan
Authors: Arum Priharnadi  , Samsualam  , Mappangandro Andi 
Published: July 2023

Students who practice the habit of procrastination take longer to complete their study period compared to students who do not procrastinate. Compiling a thesis is one of the important areas but this is often delayed by students. The purpose of this study is to find out whether there is a relationship between time management and the procrastination habit of thesis preparation in students of the nursing science study program of FKM UMI. The research design used is analitic pobservational with a cross sectional study approach. The sample determination was carried out using a total sampling technique with a sample size of 48 respondents. The relationship test was carried out using the Chi- Square statistical test with a meaningfulness level of p ≤ 0.05. The results showed that there was a relationship between time management and the procrastination habit of thesis preparation with a meaningfulness level of p ≤ 0.04. The conclusion of this study is the effective time management of nursing students of the Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Muslim Indonesia as many as 39 people (81.3%) and students who have ineffective time management as many as 9 people (18.7%), nursing students of the Faculty of Public Health, Muslim University of Indonesia who do not procrastinate as many as 40 people (83.3%), and those who carry out the habit of procrastination as many as 8 people (16.7%). It is necessary to conduct further research with other methods and more samples in order to get even more accurate results in the future.
Upaya Peningkatan Kemampuan Kognitif Anak Melalui Kegiatan Meronce Melalui Media Looseparts di TK Batu Pole
Authors: Arman Mariaulfah 
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana peningkatan kognitif melalui kegiatan meronce pada kelompok A TK Batu Pole. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah anak usia dini 4-5 tahun dari kelas A dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 15 orang yang terdiri dari 6 siswi perempuan dan 9 siswa laki-laki. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tahun ajaran 2022/2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yaitu metode penelitian yang dilakukan melalui proses evaluasi yang terdiri dari 4 tahapan utama yaitu 1. perencanaan tindakan, 2. pelaksanaan tindakan, 3. observasi, dan 4. refleksi. Hasil penelitian yang telah diperoleh. Hasil penelitian di TK IT Umar Bin Khathab Kudus mengalami peningkatan kemampuan kognitif mengenal pola melalui kegiatan meronce menggunakan media merjan mengalami peningkatan dimana meronce dengan 2 pola warna dari 50 % pada siklus I menjadi 75 % dan meronce dengan 3 pola,bentuk dari 60 % pada siklus I menjadi 80 %.
Pembentukan Karakter Anak Didik RA (Raudhatul Athfal) Melalui Pembiasaan “Kata Ajaib”
Authors: Fajarini Asniar , Fauzi  
Published: July 2023

Pembentukan karakter pada anak usia dini menjadi hal yang sangat penting. Masa anak usia dini merupakan masa dimana stimulus yang diberikan akan diterima dan direkam oleh otak dengan sangat baik. Dengan pembiasaan lima kata ajaib yaitu maaf, terima kasih, tolong, permisi, silakan dapat terekam dengan baik oleh anak sehingga pada anak memunculkan karakter sopan dan santunnya yang digunakan terus menerus dalam kehidupan sehari hari. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode kualitatif dengan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini mengamati langsung objek yang akan diteliti yaitu anak didik RA Masyithoh 13 Sokaraja pada waktu proses pembelajaran ataupun di luar pembelajaran. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dan observasi. Dengan menggunakan analisis triangulasi data yaitu pengumpulan data, penyajian data dan verifikasi data/ penarikan kesimpulan model Milles dan Hubberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukan pembiasaan kata ajaib selalu dilakukan oleh anak didik RA Masyithoh 13 Sokaraja Lor.
Thyroid Functions of Newborn Babies Born to Mothers with Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma Following Radioiodine Treatment at a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Perveen Rahima , Begum Tahmina , Ferdous Jasmin , Islam Urnas , Jabin Zeenat , Begum Fatima 
Published: July 2023

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate thyroid function of newborn babies of mothers with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) after receiving radioactive iodine (131I) therapy (RAIT).
Materials and methods: During the period of 2009 to 2014, a total of 1620 women had been treated with 131I in the thyroid division of National Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences (NINMAS). Patients were followed up at regular intervals systematically and were allowed to conceive with confirmation of disease free condition. A retrospective review of the medical records was done in this study. Out of 1620 patients, 1370 (84.6%) were in the reproductive age group (18-44 years). Among 1370 patients, 111 patients became pregnant after 2 years of the RAIT. Age at pregnancy ranged between 20 to 32 years (24.8 ± 4.8). All pregnant mothers were disease free and well supplemented by levothyroxine and maintained their Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) at a low normal range (0.1-1.0 mIU/L). Average serum thyroglobulin (Tg) level were below <0.02 ng/dl. Would be mothers were requested to estimate TSH of the newborns by 7 to 15 days after birth and report to us. They immediately reported the TSH test results of the babies.
Results: One hundred fourteen mothers with DTC had received RAIT and conceived at a mean age of 24.8± 4.8 years (19-38 years). Out of 114 patients, 110 (96.5%) patients were papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and 4 (3.5%) was follicular thyroid cancer (FTC). Patients were treated by 30-100 mci. The outcome of 111 pregnancies after RAIT was 108 (97.30%) delivered the healthy euthyroid babies and 3 (2.70%) had miscarriages. TSH range from 0.52 -16 mIU/L (3.69 ± 3.19)
Conclusion: This study showed that RAIT in young women did not have any deleterious effects on subsequent pregnancies. All babies born by mothers with DTC after radioiodine treatment showed normal thyroid function evaluated by TSH.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 25(2): 88-92, 2022
THE EFFECT OF OVERLOAD ON THE DESIGN OF LIFE OF ROAD PAVEMENT (CASE STUDY: KOTI ROAD, JAYAPURA CITY)
Authors: Putra Kurnia Hadi , Ita Suhermin Ingsih  , Theresia Maria Candra Agusdini  , Mila Kusuma Wardani  , Felicia Tria Nuciferani  , Muhammad Exchel Cakra Putra  
Published: July 2023

The roads hold a vital role in the transportation system in the Province of Papua, especially in the Jayapura area. However, real road conditions often experience a decrease in performance (damage) due to construction failures or deviant utilization. On Koti Road in Jayapura, sometimes vehicles passing it do not match the maximum permissible load. Consequently, excessive loading on the pavement can directly affect the design life of a road section. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the percentages of actual overload on each vehicle class, the increase in the cumulative VDF value, and the decrease in the design life on Koti Road, Jayapura. The research results indicated that the actual overload on Koti Road, Jayapura, obtained 81.06% for group 6a, 43.13% for group 6b, and 40.42% for group 7a. According to the Bina Marga method (1987), the cumulative VDF value increased by 133.8% due to actual excessive load in the field, while based on the NAASRA method (2004), it was 121.2%. In terms of the actual overload effects, the design life decreased by 9,273 years, or 46,365%, from the 20-year design life using the Bina Marga (1987) method, while based on the NAASRA (2004) method, the decrease in design life was 8.7898 years, or 43.949%, from the 20-year life plan.
Keywords: Importance Performance Analysis; Facility Feasibility; Field Show Terminal
Observing secondary school teachers’ effective teaching behavior in the Netherlands, England, and the United States using the ICALT observation instrument
Authors: Maulana Ridwan , Kington Alison , Ko James , Feng Xiangyuan , Helms-Lorenz Michelle , Looker Benjamin , Hibbert-Mayne Kimberley , Blackmore Karen 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionThe purpose of this study was to examine measurement invariance in observer scoring of effective teaching behavior in three secondary education contexts–the Netherlands, England, and the United States. It also aimed to describe what effective teaching behavior looks like in secondary education across the three education contexts.MethodsA uniform observation measure called International Comparative Analysis of Learning and Teaching (ICALT) was used to observe teachers.ResultsResults revealed that the hypothesized factor structure of effective teaching behavior was confirmed for the Dutch and English data, but not for the US data. Teachers in the Netherlands showed higher levels of more basic teaching behaviors, but lower levels of more complex teaching behaviors, compared to teachers in England.DiscussionImplications of the findings are discussed.