bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of RNA m6A methylation modification regulating NLRP3 inflammasome activation for hand, foot, and mouth disease progression
Authors: Hu Quanman , Gao Yanlei , Xie Yaqi , Li Dong , An Tongyan , Chen Long , Ji Wangquan , Jin Yuefei , Long Jinzhao , Yang Haiyan , Duan Guangcai , Chen Shuaiyin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSome children infected with hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) caused by enterovirus 71 (EV71) progressed to severe disease with various neurological complications in the short term, with a poor prognosis and high mortality. Studies had revealed that RNA N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modification had a significant impact on EV71 replication, but it was unknown how m6A modification regulated the host cell's innate immune response brought on by EV71 infection. We used MeRIP‐seq (methylation RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing), RNA‐seq (RNA sequencing), cell transfection, and other techniques. MeRIP‐seq and RNA‐seq results showed the m6A methylation modification map of control and EV71‐infected groups of RD cells. And multilevel validation indicated that decreased expression of demethylase FTO (fat mass and obesity‐associated protein) was responsible for the elevated total m6A modification levels in EV71‐infected RD cells and that thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) may be a target gene for demethylase FTO action. Further functional experiments showed that demethylase knockdown of FTO promoted TXNIP expression, activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and promoted the release of proinflammatory factors in vitro, and the opposite result occurred with demethylase FTO overexpression. And further tested in an animal model of EV71 infection in vitro, with results consistent with in vitro. Our findings elucidated that depletion of the demethylase FTO during EV71 infection increased the m6A modification level of TXNIP mRNA 3′ untranslated region (UTR), enhancing mRNA stability, and promoting TXNIP expression. Consequently, the NLRP3 inflammasome was stimulated, leading to the release of proinflammatory factors and facilitating HFMD progression.
Changing food webs before and during the Last Glacial Maximum based on stable isotopes of animal bone collagen from Lower Austria
Authors: Reiss Lilian , Mayr Christoph , Pasda Kerstin , Einwögerer Thomas , Händel Marc , Lücke Andreas , Maier Andreas , Wissel Holger 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTWe investigated palaeofood web structures using stable isotope analyses on animal bone collagen from four Upper Palaeolithic sites dated to the Early Gravettian (Krems‐Hundssteig and Krems‐Wachtberg: 33–31k cal a bp, Langenlois: 31–29k cal a bp) and to the Early Epigravettian (Kammern‐Grubgraben: 24–20k cal a bp). In both periods, δ13C values show niche partitioning between hare, horse and mammoth on one side, and reindeer and ibex on the other, indicating different diets and habitats between both herbivore groups. The δ15N differences between carnivores and herbivores suggest a difference of one trophic level during the pre‐Last Glacial Maximum (pre‐LGM) period at the Early Gravettian sites and a tendency towards secondary carnivores during the LGM at Kammern‐Grubgraben. δ15N values of pre‐LGM mammoths are elevated in relation to other herbivores but shifted to the level of other herbivores in the LGM. A general δ15N value shift in herbivores of 3.3‰ from the pre‐LGM to the LGM is related to climatic deterioration. This may have led to the disappearance of certain ecological niches and to a shift from broader to overlapping ecological herbivore niches shortly before the LGM, as demonstrated by SIBER analyses.
Examining readmissions following outpatient microlaryngeal surgery
Authors: Syamal Mausumi N. , Kincaid Hope , Sutter Alison 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to examine readmissions following microlaryngeal surgery. It was hypothesized that airway surgical procedures would have higher rates of readmission.DesignRetrospective review.MethodsOutpatient microlaryngeal surgeries from May 1, 2018 to November 27, 2022 were reviewed. Readmissions related to the original surgery within a 30‐day postoperative period were examined. Patient demographics, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologist class, comorbidities, type of surgery, ventilation techniques, and operative times were examined and compared.ResultsOut of 480 procedures analyzed, 19 (4.0%) resulted in a readmission, 9 (1.9%) of which were for glottic stenosis management. Undergoing an airway procedure was significantly associated with a readmission (p = .002) and increased the odds of readmission by 5.99 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.22–16.16, p < .001). Current/former smoking status increased the odds of readmission by 4.50 (95% CI: 1.33–15.19, p = .016). Each additional minute of operating time increased the odds of readmission by 1.03 (95% CI: 1.00–1.05, p = .04).ConclusionReadmissions from microlaryngeal surgery are seldom reported but nonetheless occur. Identifying factors that may place a procedure at risk for readmission can help improve surgical quality of care.Level of Evidence4.
Preparation and Properties of Polysaccharide‐Based Epoxy Vitrimers
Authors: Jin Shibiao , Ai Tao , Jiang Yong , Wu Xuanxuan , Yang Kun , Liu Ying , Cheng Yue 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTraditional chemically cross‐linked polymer materials may cause severe environmental pollution and economic losses due to the difficulty of recycling. Vitrimers containing reversible dynamic covalent bonds are processable, recyclable, and self‐healing. In this article, a bio‐based epoxy resin curing agent is synthesized by hydrolysis using cellulose as raw material. The results show that the epoxy vitrimers with the best ratio have a lower topological transition temperature and a fast relaxation time at 140 °C. After soaking in solvent for 90 days, the gel content of the material is greater than 81%. The glass transition temperature of the sample measured by differential scanning calorimetry （DSC) is 83 °C. It also has a high initial decomposition temperature (350 °C) with good flexibility and solvent resistance, showing its good performance as a coating paint.
A sufficient condition for global existence of the solution to nonlinear damped wave equations at arbitrary positive initial energy
Authors: Chen Yuxuan , Li Yanan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe consider the global existence of the solution for nonlinear damped wave equations at arbitrary positive initial energy, that is, . It is well known from a work of G. Filippo and S. Marco [Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré Anal. Non Linéaire, 2006], that which initial data with high energy make the model exists global solutions is still an interesting question. Here, we give it an affirmative answer. For this purpose, we suggest a unified approach, which is also valid where various forms of damping are present. Applying it, we show a sufficient condition to get the global existence of the solution for problem nonlinear damped wave equations.
Anti‐LGBTQ+ sex education laws: The effects on students and implications for schools and school practitioners
Authors: Tran Jennifer T. , Loecher Nele , Kosyluk Kristin A. , Bauermeister José A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAnti‐Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, and/or Queer (LGBTQ+) education laws are defined as laws that prohibit or limit schools from discussing same‐sex relationships, broader sexuality, and gender issues in their sexual education curriculum. This study presents a historical context of anti‐LGBTQ+ sex education laws, examines the extant literature on the possible impact of these laws, and suggests recommendations for schools and school practitioners. Anti‐LGBTQ+ sex education laws may impact school climate and have been associated with poorer well‐being for LGBTQ+ students and cisgender heterosexual allies that encompass a range of sexual orientations and gender identities. With an Executive Order from the US president outlining the need to support LGBTQ+ youth in schools and the US Surgeon General's Advisory to highlight the urgent need to address the nation's youths' mental health, it is imperative to support LGBTQ+ students. We offer strategies that may be used to address anti‐LGBTQ+ sex education laws by school administrators and practitioners in a call for advocacy to make changes in sex education policy to improve the well‐being of students, particularly LGBTQ+ youth.
Illiquidity and the cost of equity capital: Evidence from actual estimates of capital cost for U.S. data
Authors: Goyal Amit , Subrahmanyam Avanidhar , Swaminathan Bhaskaran 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIlliquidity measures appear to be related to monthly realized returns but do they impact long‐run costs of capital (CoC) for firms? Using U.S. data, we find cross‐sectional evidence that, controlling for market capitalization, the Amihud (2002, Journal of Financial Markets, 5, 31) measure of illiquidity is negatively related to CoC estimates. A difference‐in‐differences analysis around exogenous brokerage closures reveals that Amihud illiquidity increases without an impact on CoC. Nonetheless, other illiquidity measures, such as those based on serial covariances, zero returns, and price impact, do show a strong positive relation with CoC. However, we do not find evidence that liquidity risk and the probability of informed trade influence CoC. Overall, our results advance our understanding of precisely which illiquidity measures influence required firm returns.
Learning by doing: A multi‐level analysis of the impact of citizen science education
Authors: Zhang Elizabeth Y. , Hundley Calista , Watson Zachary , Farah Fariya , Bunnell Sarah , Kristensen Thea 
Published: July 2023

AbstractScience education that fosters scientific competency and engagement prepares students to become informed civic participants in modern society. Teaching strategies that encourage scientific engagement are especially important in rural settings, as these students are less likely to pursue scientific careers or use science in their everyday lives. To this aim, we implemented a citizen science approach in science education, an approach that enables K‐12 grade students to participate in locally relevant and authentic scientific research, in suburban and rural 5th and 9th–12th grade classrooms. While most citizen science education initiatives are led by experienced scientists, we recognized the additional level of learning that may arise from positioning undergraduate students as curricular designers of the citizen science classroom activities and partners for the classroom teachers. This study evaluates perceived changes in science engagement, science identity, and science competency that emerged as a result of participating in this citizen science initiative, both for the 5th and 9th–12th school students and the undergraduate instructors. Classroom teachers reported that students demonstrated an increased level of engagement with and excitement about science. The undergraduate instructors reported a renewed sense of confidence in their science abilities and a deepened sense of place in the science community. Finally, the educators involved in this project, both classroom K‐12 teachers and undergraduate higher education educators, observed the benefits of this model for connecting students at different points in their science learning journeys. In our discussion, we articulate the benefits and challenges of implementing a multilevel approach to citizen science education.
New AdS2/CFT1 pairs from AdS3 and monopole bubbling
Authors: Conti Andrea , Lozano Yolanda , Macpherson Niall T. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We present general results on generating AdS2 solutions to Type II supergravity from AdS3 solutions via U(1) and SL(2) T-dualities. We focus on a class of Type IIB solutions with small 𝒩 = 4 supersymmetry, that we show can be embedded into a more general class of solutions obtained by double analytical continuation from AdS3 geometries with small 𝒩 = (0, 4) supersymmetry constructed in the literature. We then start the analysis of the superconformal quantum mechanics dual to the 𝒩 = 4 backgrounds focusing on a subclass of AdS2 × S3 × 𝕋3 solutions foliated over a Riemann surface. We show that the associated supersymmetric quantum mechanics describes monopole bubbling in 4d 𝒩 = 2 supersymmetric gauge theories living in D3-D7 branes, as previously discussed in the literature. Therefore, we propose that our solutions provide a geometrical description via holography of monopole bubbling in 4d 𝒩 = 2 SCFTs. We check our proposal with the computation of the central charge.
External validation of a tumor growth inhibition-overall survival model in non-small-cell lung cancer based on atezolizumab studies using alectinib data
Authors: Kassir Nastya , Chan Phyllis , Dang Steve , Bruno René 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
A modeling framework was previously developed to simulate overall survival (OS) using tumor growth inhibition (TGI) data from six randomized phase 2/3 atezolizumab monotherapy or combination studies in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We aimed to externally validate this framework to simulate OS in patients with treatment-naive advanced anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive NSCLC in the alectinib ALEX study.

Methods
TGI metrics were estimated from a biexponential model using longitudinal tumor size data from a Phase 3 study evaluating alectinib compared with crizotinib in patients with treatment-naive ALK-positive advanced NSCLC. Baseline prognostic factors and TGI metric estimates were used to predict OS.

Results
286 patients were evaluable (at least baseline and one post-baseline tumor size measurements) out of 303 (94%) followed for up to 5 years (cut-off: 29 November 2019). The tumor growth rate estimate and baseline prognostic factors (inflammatory status, tumor burden, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, race, line of therapy, and sex) were used to simulate OS in ALEX study. Observed survival distributions for alectinib and crizotinib were within model 95% prediction intervals (PI) for approximately 2 years. Predicted hazard ratio (HR) between alectinib and crizotinib was in agreement with the observed HR (predicted HR 0.612, 95% PI 0.480–0.770 vs. 0.625 observed HR).

Conclusion
The TGI-OS model based on unselected or PD-L1 selected NSCLC patients included in atezolizumab trials is externally validated to predict treatment effect (HR) in a biomarker-selected (ALK-positive) population included in alectinib ALEX trial suggesting that TGI-OS models may be treatment independent.
Undirected Determinant and Its Complexity
Authors: Dziewa-Dawidczyk Diana , Przeździecki Adam J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe view the determinant and permanent as functions on directed weighted graphs and introduce their analogues for undirected graphs. We prove that computing undirected determinants as well as permanents for planar graphs whose vertices have degree at most 4 is #P-complete. In the case of planar graphs whose vertices have degree at most 3, the computation of the undirected determinant remains #P-complete while computing the permanent can be reduced to the FKT algorithm, and therefore can be done in polynomial time. Computing the undirected permanent is a Holant problem and its complexity can be deduced from the existing literature. It is mentioned in the paper as a natural context but no new results in this direction are obtained. The concept of undirected determinant is new. Its introduction is motivated by the formal resemblance to the directed determinant, a property that may inspire generalizations of some of the many algorithms which compute the latter. For a sizable class of planar 3-regular graphs, we are able to compute the undirected determinant in polynomial time.
Cylinder power progression associated with axial length in young children: a two-year follow-up study
Authors: Gong Wei , Wang Jingjing , Zhang Bo , Xu Xian , Zou Haidong , Liu Kun , Xu Xun , He Xiangui , Huang Jiannan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To describe the association of refraction development and axial length (AL) in young children and provide new insights into the progression of cylinder power.

Methods
Children (2–3 grades) were enrolled from primary schools in Shanghai and followed up for two years. Cycloplegic refraction, AL, and corneal curvature radius were measured. Refraction parameters were compared among groups with different AL, AL1 (AL < 23.5 mm), AL2 (23.5 mm ≤ AL < 24.5 mm), and AL3 (AL ≥ 24.5 mm). Multiple regression analysis was used to explore risk factors of diopter of cylinder (DC) progression.

Results
In total, out of 6891 enrolled children, 5961 participants (7–11 yrs) were included in the final analysis. Over the two-year period, the cylinder power significantly changed, and those with longer AL had more rapid DC progression over the two years (AL1, -0.09 ± 0.35 D; AL2, -0.15 ± 0.39 D; AL3, -0.29 ± 0.44 D) (P < 0.001). The change in DC was independently associated with AL at baseline (P < 0.001). The proportion of with-the-rule astigmatism increased from 91.3% to 92.1% in AL1 group, from 89.1% to 91.8% in AL2 group and from 87.1% to 92.0% in AL3 group.

Conclusions
Young children with long AL experienced rapid progression of cylinder power. Both the control of myopia progression and attention to the correction of astigmatism are necessary in the health management of children with long AL. The significantly increased AL in participants might contribute to both the extent and direction of astigmatism.
Results of open bleb revision as management of primary bleb failure following XEN 45 gel stent and Preserflo™ Microshunt
Authors: Theilig Theresa , Papadimitriou Menelaos , Albaba Ghaith , Meller Daniel , Hasan Somar M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The success of filtering surgery as in XEN-Gel-Stent (XEN) and Preserflo-Microshunt (PF) depends mainly on a functioning bleb. Primary bleb failure (PBF) is not uncommon and can be treated with needling or open bleb revision (OBR). The aim of the study is to compare surgical outcomes of OBR after XEN and PF.

Methods
Eyes which received OBR as management of PBF following implantation of XEN or PF were retrospectively included. Intraocular pressure (IOP), number of IOP lowering medications (NoM), and success rates (SR) were compared between groups. Complete and qualified success were defined as IOP ≤18mmHg and a reduction of >20%, without and with medications, respectively.

Results
29 eyes after XEN and 23 eyes after PF were included. Six months following OBR, IOP reduced from 24.2±4.7 to 13.5±4.6 after XEN and from 27.3±8.7 to 15.9±5.8mmHg after PF (both p<0.001). NoM did not change (0.7±1.3 to 0.4±0.8 after XEN and 1.2±1.3 to 1.0±1.5 after PF, p>0.05 for both). Complete SR were higher after XEN than after PF (58.6% vs. 30.4%, p=0.04). Complications were mild and managed mainly conservatively. Additional glaucoma surgery was needed in 17% and 30% of eyes after XEN and PF, respectively (p=0.26).

Conclusion
Although OBR was effective as management of PBF following XEN and PF, SR were higher after XEN than after PF along with comparable safety profile. The change of the surgical approach from ab interno during XEN-Implantation to ab externo during OBR seems to enhance SR compared to PF, where both interventions are done ab externo.
Backscatter from therapeutic doses of ionizing irradiation does not impair cell migration on titanium implants in vitro
Authors: Printzell Lisa , Reseland Janne Elin , Edin Nina Frederike Jeppesen , Ellingsen Jan Eirik , Tiainen Hanna 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
The influence of radiation backscatter from titanium on DNA damage and migration capacity of human osteoblasts (OBs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may be critical for the osseointegration of dental implants placed prior to radiotherapy. In order to evaluate effects of radiation backscatter, the immediate DNA damage and migration capacity of OBs and MSCs cultured on titanium or plastic were compared after exposure to ionizing irradiation.

Materials and methods
Human OBs and MSCs were seeded on machined titanium, moderately rough fluoride-modified titanium, or tissue culture polystyrene, and irradiated with nominal doses of 2, 6, 10, or 14 Gy. Comet assay was performed immediately after irradiation, while a scratch wound healing assay was initiated 24 h post-irradiation. Fluorescent live cell imaging documented the migration.

Results
DNA damage increased with higher dose and with backscatter from titanium, and MSCs were significantly more affected than OBs. All doses of radiation accelerated the cell migration on plastic, while only the highest dose of 10 Gy inhibited the migration of both cell types on titanium.

Conclusions
High doses (10 Gy) of radiation inhibited the migration capacity of both cell types on titanium, whereas lower doses (2 and 6 Gy) did not affect the migration of either OBs or MSCs.

Clinical relevance
Fractionated doses of 2 Gy/day, as distributed in conventional radiotherapy, appear not to cause severe DNA damage or disturb the migration of OBs or MSCs during osseointegration of dental implants.
A new CAD/CAM tooth mobility simulating model for dental in vitro investigations
Authors: Roser Christoph J. , Zenthöfer Andreas , Lux Christopher J. , Rues Stefan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objectives

To validate a new tooth mobility simulating in vitro model for biomechanical tests of dental appliances and restorations.

Material and methods
Load-deflection curves for teeth in CAD/CAM models (n = 10/group, 6 teeth/model) of the anterior segment of a lower jaw with either low tooth mobility (LM) or high tooth mobility (HM) were recorded with a universal testing device and a Periotest device. All teeth were tested before and after different ageing protocols. Finally, vertical load capacity (Fmax) was tested in all teeth.

Results
At F = 100 N load, vertical/horizontal tooth deflections before ageing were 80 ± 10 µm/400 ± 40 µm for LM models and 130 ± 20 µm/610 ± 100 µm for HM models. Periotest values were 1.6 ± 1.4 for LM models and 5.5 ± 1.5 for HM models. These values were within the range of physiological tooth mobility. No visible damage occurred during ageing and simulated ageing had no significant effect on tooth mobility. Fmax values were 494 ± 67 N (LM) and 388 ± 95 N (HM).

Conclusion
The model is practical, easy to manufacture and can reliably simulate tooth mobility. The model was also validated for long-term testing, so is suitable for investigating various dental appliances and restorations such as retainers, brackets, dental bridges or trauma splints.

Clinical relevance
Using this in-vitro model for high standardised investigations of various dental appliances and restorations can protect patients from unnecessary burdens in trials and practice.