bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stress concentration formulation for the steel beam column connection under the bending loading
Authors: Mehta Rudradatta , Vesmawala Gaurang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

In practise, the industrial buildings and machine support structures are subjected to a great deal of fatigue loading, and the hot spot method is used to analyse the effect of this loading on the structure. The effort has been taken here to construct a stress concentration factor equation for the welded I beam to I column connection. ABAQUS FEM software was used to assess 61 models with various columns and beam size combinations. The FEM results were also validated by running a full-scale experiment and comparing stress data between the model and experimental readings. There are very close correlations between the tested data and the simulated results. SPSS software was used to perform linear and nonlinear regression analysis after determining the stress concentration values for each combination. Height ratios, width ratios, inertia ratios, and thickness ratios of web and flange of beams and columns were used to build a regression equation. When compared to the other equations proposed, the linear equation that takes into account all of the parameters produces the most efficient outcome.
The challenges of developing accurate mood-based music recommendation systems: A Conceptual Case Investigation
Authors: Sharma Manish , Kumar Pawan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The development of accurate mood-based music recommendation systems is a challenging task due to the complexity and subjectivity of human emotions, the lack of standardized datasets for mood detection, the diversity of music genres and styles, the cold start problem, and the user's personal preferences. This paper presents a conceptual framework with documentation analysis case study with different scenarios for studying the challenges of developing accurate mood-based music recommendation systems. Case 1 investigated combination of physiological signals and audio features to detect users' moods, Case 2 investigated large dataset of music tracks that had been labeled with emotions to train a machine learning algorithm to recommend music based on users' moods Music recommendation system that uses a combination of collaborative filtering and content-based filtering. We analysis the secondary source of data studied by researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, University of Amsterdam and University of Cambridge. The conceptual framework is based on the theory of emotions, and the documentation analysis identifies the different methods that have been used to develop these systems. The different scenarios are based on the different methods that have been used to develop mood-based music recommendation systems. The paper concludes by discussing the challenges that are specific to each approach, and the implications for future research.
Integrated Modeling for Assessing Climate Change Impacts on Water Resources and Hydropower Potential in the Himalayas
Authors: Baniya Rupesh , Regmi Ram Krishna , Talchabhadel Rocky , Sharma Sanjib , Panthi Jeeban , Ghimire Ganesh R , Bista Sunil , Thapa Bhesh Raj , Pradhan Ananta M.S. , Tamrakar Jebin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Regional hydroclimatic variability and change can affect water resources and hydropower generation. It is essential to assess hydropower potential under current and future climatic conditions to inform the design and operation of hydropower infrastructures. Here, we employ an integrated modeling framework to assess the impact of projected hydroclimatic conditions on water resources systems and hydropower generation. The integrated framework samples climate model outputs under different scenarios to force a hydrologic model and produces streamflow projections. The projected streamflows are inputs for the future hydropower potential assessment. We implement the framework in the central Himalayan river basin. Our results demonstrate substantial spatiotemporal variability in different water balance components (precipitation, evapotranspiration, and water yield) under current and future climatic conditions. For the selected basin, the average energy production is expected to increase under future hydroclimatic conditions. This increase in energy is driven mainly by the increased streamflow projections, particularly during the dry season and in the late century. Our results highlight the impacts of hydroclimatic variability in hydropower productions and are of practical use to provide decision-relevant information for designing and operating hydropower infrastructures. The integrated modeling framework presented here is region-specific; however, the approach is reproducible, and the overall insights are generalizable across the Himalayan region.
Whole exome sequencing identifies novel variants of PIK3CA and validation of hotspot mutation by droplet digital PCR in Breast cancer among Indian Population.
Authors: Kumar Rahul , Kumar Rakesh , Goel Harsh , Kumar Sonu , Ningombam Somorjit Singh , Haider Imran , Agrawal Usha , Deo SVS. , Gogia Ajay , Batra Atul , Sharma Ashok , Mathur Sandeep , Ranjan Amar , Chopra Anita , Hussain Showket , Tanwar Pranay 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background- Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy with very high incidence and relatively high mortality in women. The PIK3CA gene plays a pivotal role in the pathogenicity of breast cancer. Despite these, the mutational status of all exons except exons 9 and 20 still remains unknown.
Methods- This study uses the whole exome sequencing (WES) based approach to identify somatic PIK3CA mutations in Indian BC cohorts. The resultant hotspot mutations were validated by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). Further, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was applied to elucidate the conformational and functional effects of hotspot position on PIK3CA protein.
Results- In our cohort, PIK3CA showed a 44.4% somatic mutation rate and was among the top mutated genes. The mutations of PIK3CA were confined in Exons 5, 9, 11, 18, and 20, whereas the maximum number of mutations lies within Exons 9 and 20. A total of 9 variants were found in our study, of which 2 were novel mutations observed on Exons 9 (p.H554L) and 11 (p.S629P). However, H1047R was the hotspot mutation at exon 20 (20%). In tumor tissues, there was a considerable difference between copy number of wild-type and H1047R mutant detected by ddPCR. Significant structural and conformational changes were observed during MD simulation induced due to point mutation at H1047R/L position.
Conclusions - The current study provides a comprehensive view of PIK3CA novel as well as reported single nucleotide variants (SNVs) associated with Indian breast cancer cases. The mutation status of H1047R/L could serve as a prognostic value in terms of selecting targeted therapy in BC.
An Immunohistochemical Study for Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling Pathway Including Interacting PTEN in Prostatic Acinar Adenocarcinoma and Correlation with the Patient Clinicopathological Parameters
Authors: Saad El-Din Somaia Ahmed , Moety Shaimaa Abdel , Al Hashmi Khalid , Al Sinawi Shadia , Al-Badi Suaad , Al Rashdi Afrah , Al Husani Samya , Albadi Hajer , Shalaby Asem 
Published: September 2023

Background: The activation of AKT-mTOR-PTEN pathway may promote prostate cancer progression and affects response to targeted therapies. The full extent of this activation remains to be determined. Our aim: was to assess the expression of inactive mTOR, phosphor-mTOR, phosphor-AKT and loss of PTEN in prostatic adenocarcinomas then correlate their expression with the clinicopathological parameters.
Methods: The study included 166 prostatic adenocarcinoma tissues using immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays. Statistical analysis considering markers expression and correlation with the clinicopathologic parameters was done using appropriate tests.
Result: The mean age was 72.63 and 75.9% were clinically high risk. Gleason score 7 and WHO grade group 5 were the commonest (31.3% and 31.9% respectively). Most patient (73.1%) were stage T2 or higher. Expression of inactive mTOR, phospho-mTOR and phosphor-AKT was seen in 96.1%, 93.5% and 95.9% respectively. The loss of PTEN expression was noted in 55.3%. There were significant correlations between Gleason pattern 4 and the expression of inactive mTOR (p value <0.001 and 0.004 respectively) and phospho-mTOR (p value 0.003 and 0.001 respectively). Gleason score 7 was significantly correlated to inactive mTOR expression (p value <0.001). There was also significant correlation between phosphor-AKT and phospho- mTOR expression with p value 0.004.
Conclusion: The immunohistochemical expression of inactive mTOR, phosphor-mTOR and phosphor-AKT and loss of PTEN was appreciated in most prostate cancer cases, suggesting that activation of this pathway occur early during prostate tumorigenesis. This may indicate that targeting mTOR pathway may have a promising therapeutic role in the management of prostatic adenocarcinoma.
Morphological Spectrum Of Vascular Neoplasms: A Histopathological Study In A Tertiary Care Center In South India
Authors: Phalak Pooja Ashok , Jojo Annie 
Published: September 2023

Background
Vascular neoplasms can be benign asymptomatic, locally aggressive, or highly malignant. It is important to subclassify them as it strongly influences the treatment and prognosis. However, only a few case series are published now. Hence in this study, we aim to classify vascular neoplasms into various categories and to find their relationship with age, sex, and location.
Methods
A retrospective analysis of vascular neoplasms from 2013-2018 in the department of pathology at Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences (AIMS), Kochi was done.
Results
A total of 221 vascular neoplasms were identified and were subclassified into benign-186(84.2%), intermediate-4(1.8%), and malignant-31(14%) according to World Health Organization (WHO) classification. The majority of the benign tumors were various types of hemangiomas-153(82.2%) and were common in young adult females. The commonest site of occurrence was head and neck, followed by soft tissue. The majority of malignant neoplasms were angiosarcomas-26(84%) and were more common in elderly females. Skin and soft tissue, followed by breast were the frequently involved sites. The second malignant neoplasm was epithelioid hemangioendothelioma-5(16%) which was common in the head and neck. Other rare types of hemangioendothelioma were included in the intermediate category.
Conclusion
The commonest benign vascular tumor is hemangioma, which occurs mostly in adult females in the head and neck region. The commonest malignant vascular tumor is angiosarcoma which occurs in elderly females in the skin and soft tissue and has a poor prognosis
Investigation of Transfusion Adverse Events Patterns in Fayoum University Hospitals, Egypt: Hemovigilance Initiative
Authors: Abdelrazik Abeer Mohamed , Sauza Rhogenie Baselly , Abdelaziz Hossam Mahmoud 
Published: September 2023

Background and Objective: Hemovigilance is an adverse reaction surveillance and monitoring system to improve the safety and quality of blood transfusion in terms of corrective and preventive action. Identification of the adverse reactions and their risk factors will assist in taking appropriate steps to reduce their incidence and make blood transfusion safer. The aim of our study was to analyze the nature and incidence of transfusion related adverse events as a tool for implementation of hemovigilance system in Egypt.
Study Design and Methods: Our study included all transfusion related adverse reactions from Fayoum University Hospital reported to the Blood Bank over a period of one year from August 2021 to July 2022. All patients receiving transfusion and all blood donors according to The National Blood Transfusion Guidelines were included. All reported reactions were analyzed, categorized and evaluated.
Results: 28, 253 blood and blood components units were issued to 13, 544 patients. 273 (0.967%) transfusion related adverse reactions were reported to the blood bank. The most common reaction observed in recipients was allergic reaction 129 (47.25 %) followed by febrile non hemolytic transfusion reaction (FNHTR) 108 (39.56 %).
Conclusion: Data related to transfusion related adverse reactions in developing countries are rare in literature. A strict quality assurance measures are required to build a hemovigilance system including, appropriate use of blood, maintain blood cold chain, monitoring, documenting and reporting transfusion reactions so that, the proper hemovigilance system can be attained.
Correlation of Interleukin-21 Levels With Clinical and Laboratory Parameters in ART Recipients
Authors: Meena Manoj Kumar 
Published: September 2023

Background: Interleukin-21 (IL-21) is a relatively new immune-enhancing, multifunctional and pleiotropic cytokine that plays an essential role in controlling chronic viral infections. It is a protein that in humans is encoded by IL-21 gene, mapped on chromosome 4 and 180 kb from IL-2 gene and the mRNA encoding the product is 616 nucleotides long. IL-21 is expressed in activated human CD4+ T cells but not in most other tissues. In addition, IL-21 expression is up-regulated by Th2 and Th17 subsets of T helper cells, as well as T follicular cells. Further IL-21 is expressed in NKT cells regulating the functions of these cells. IL-21 may be a critical factor in the control of persistent viral infections such as HIV. Present study aims to explore the levels of IL-21 in a select segment of ART recipients of East Delhi covered by NACP, Govt. of India.
Methods: Estimation of levels of IL-21 was done using ELISA test employing commercially available kit (QAYEE-BIO Kit for Interleukin-21). The method of ELISA used for the present study was sandwich ELISA.
Results: The mean levels of IL-21 in the study of 40 ART recipients were 1178.21±927.063. There were no controls included in the study. The range of IL-21 were 150-6100. In one patient IL-21 levels was not detected.
Conclusion: This study attempts a clinical correlation with the levels of a cytokine with clinical and laboratory parameters which could help in a better understanding of the immunobiology of the disease. In the current study, the levels of IL-21 in samples of ART recipients were detected. A significant positive clinical correlation was seen between the levels of IL-21 and CD4 cell counts. IL-21 levels were high in those patients whose CD4 cell count was raised. There was a positive correlation between CD4 cell count and CRP. Therefore, further studies with a higher sample size may be required to arrive at a statistically significant correlation
Akkermansia muciniphila - A Potential Next-generation Probiotic for
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Banerjee Goutam , Papri Suraya R. , Satapathy Sanjaya K. , Banerjee Pratik 
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a spectrum of liver conditions, and its
growing prevalence is a serious concern worldwide, especially in Western countries. Researchers
have pointed out several genetic mutations associated with NAFLD; however, the imbalance of
the gut microbial community also plays a critical role in the progression of NAFLD. Due to the
lack of approved medicine, probiotics gain special attention in controlling metabolic disorders like
NAFLD. Among these probiotics, Akkermansia muciniphila (a member of natural gut microflora)
is considered one of the most efficient and important in maintaining gut health, energy homeostasis, and lipid metabolism. In this perspective, we discussed the probable molecular mechanism of
A. muciniphila in controlling the progression of NAFLD and restoring liver health. The therapeutic
potential of A. muciniphila in NAFLD has been tested primarily on animal models, and thus, more
randomized human trials should be conducted to prove its efficacy.
Research on Developing Cyclone Coupling Techniques for Heterogeneous
Separators with Design Optimization of Hydrocyclone Separators
Authors: Chen Shuxin , Li Donglai , LI Jianying 
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
Hydrocyclone separator is a widely used equipment in the field of liquid-solid separation due to its simple structure, convenient operation, and high separation efficiency. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the working principles, application areas, design optimization, and performance evaluation of hydrocyclone separators, while discussing their future development trends. In addition, particular attention has been given to the aspects related to patents in this study.The focus is on analyzing the structural parameters and flow field characteristics of hydrocyclone separators, as well as the different effects on separation efficiency caused by various hydrocyclone structures and adjustments in hydrocyclone size. The research analysis is conducted on the inlet, cylindrical section, overflow pipe section, cone section, hydrocyclone materials, and other parts, taking into account detailed analysis of operational conditions such as inlet flow rate, pressure drop, separation efficiency, and fluid properties. The future development trend of hydraulic hydrocyclone separators lies in refinement, intelligence, multifunctionality, integration, and energy-saving and environmental protection. In the field of liquid-solid separation, the integration of hydrocyclone separation technology and intelligent devices is becoming increasingly important, and future research will focus on developing new hydrocyclone coupling separation techniques to further improve production efficiency and convenience in daily life. The application prospects are broad, and it is expected to bring significant economic and social benefits to society. It also possesses the potential for patent protection.
Review of Surface Treatment Technology for Improving Wear Resistance
of Magnesium Alloys
Authors: Pan Chengyi , Zhang Jingren , Li Shuhao 
Published: September 2023

Background:
As the lightest metal structural material in engineering, magnesium alloy has excellent mechanical properties, such as high specific strength, high specific stiffness, good damping performance, and good machinability. It is widely used in the fields of precision parts, automobiles, aerospace, and military. However, poor friction and wear performance are significant magnesium defects of the alloys, which make its use limited in some areas with high working conditions, so it is essential to improve the wear resistance of the magnesium alloy surface.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to summarize the technology of improving the wear resistance of magnesium alloy in recent year. The influence of different surface treatment technology for enhancing friction and wear properties was also analyzed, which could provide a reference for related scholars and researchers.

Method:
In this paper, the literature related to friction and wear properties of magnesium alloys in recent years were reviewed, the principles of various surface treatment technology of magnesium alloys were explained, and the advantages and disadvantages of each technology were analyzed.

Results:
Based on the literature analyses related to the wear resistance of magnesium alloys, the problems existing in the surface treatment technology for improving the wear resistance of magnesium alloys are summarized, and future development directions are put forward.

Conclusion:
Among the technologies to improve the wear resistance of magnesium alloys, the combination of various techniques can better meet the working demands. The environmentally friendly and efficient manner has a good prospect for development.
Development and Evaluation of Curcumin-based Transferosomal Gel for
Wound Healing
Authors: Maheshwari Shubhrat , Singh Aditya 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Recently, transferosomes have been discovered to have the potential for
transdermal delivery. Curcumin is a bioactive molecule with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant
properties, but it has low water solubility and poor skin absorption. The biological response to damage caused by diverse stimuli is known as the inflammatory process. Cyclodextrins are cyclic (-1,
4)-linked oligosaccharides of -D-glucopyranose with a hydrophilic outer surface and a hydrophobic
center cavity.

Aim:
The aim of the study was to develop a curcumin-loaded transferosomal gel to improve the
wound healing process. The study has focused on advancing the area of traditional medicine in the
field of pharmaceutics by using curcumin in the form of transferosomes to enhance wound healing.

Method:
Firstly, curcumin was used to synthesize the transferosomes. Secondly, the transferosomes
were converted into a transferosomal gel as an alternative for wound healing. Characterization and
in vivo investigation were carried out on female Swiss mice.

Results:
Unpaired Student’s t-test was used to determine the statistical significance at p < 0.5 using
UV exposure schedules. All values have been expressed as mean ± SEM calculated by ANOVA
with a significant difference among means at P < 0.05.

Conclusion:
The study has indicated curcumin to be successfully entrapped in transferosomes in
order to formulate the gel with powerful wound healing properties.
A Novel Development of Levothyroxine Sodium Orodispersible Mini
Tablets for the Treatment of Pediatrics Hypothyroidism
Authors: Henestrosa Cecilia , Olivera Camila , Flor Sabrina , Lucangioli Silvia , Vacatello Ariel , Ortega Claudia A. , Favier Laura S. , Cifuente Diego A. 
Published: September 2023

Background:
In pediatrics, developing new pharmaceutical forms that offer safety and efficacy
is crucial to improve pediatric pharmaceutical care. Orodispersible tablets do not require swallowing
because orodispersible tablets dissolve quickly in the mouth, reducing the risk of choking and
making medication administration safer and more straightforward. There is no solid dosage form in
the pharmaceutical market offering a unit dose of Levothyroxine for pediatric hypothyroidism patients.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to design and develop Orodispersible mini tablets of Levothyroxine
Sodium (LT4 ODMTs) for pediatric doses.

Methods:
LT4 ODMTs were prepared by direct compression with 10 and 15 μg, respectively, using
StarLac® and Disolcel® as excipients. United States Pharmacopeia (USP-43) guidelines evaluated and
determined pre-compression properties and quality control parameters.

Results:
The LT4 ODMTs met the specified limits for quality controls. The Drug Content Uniformity
was 97%, Hardness was less than 2.5 N, Friability was less than 0.3%, Disintegration time was less
than 25 s, and dissolution profiles (Q 80% > 45 s) followed the USP requirements. Additionally, stability
and microbiology assays were realized.

Conclusion:
These formulations are optimal for developing new LT4 ODMTs suitable for treating
pediatric hypothyroidism.