bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of platelet changes in patients admitted in Damascus Hospital with systemic infections
Authors: Akel Razan , Al-Daher Nizar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Considering the role that platelets play in the pathophysiology of sepsis and inflammation and the fact that platelet assays are very easy and simple laboratory procedures, our study was aimed at evaluating changes in platelet counts, in an attempt to show their clinical significance, so that they can be adopted as one of the criteria for evaluating disease activity and response to treatment.
Methods
A cross-sectional study, the study was conducted in Damascus Hospital on the records of 100 patients from different specialties, between the years 2017 to 2021, where patients over the age of 20 years who were diagnosed with systemic infections according to the septic shock criteria were included.
Results
The study included 100 patients, females (52%) and males (48%). The ages ranged between (20–93) years, with an average of 58 ± 18.3. The largest percentage of cases was in 2018. Most of the cases were admitted to the Internal Thoracic Division. The highest percentage of the final diagnosis was pneumonia (30%). Recovery cases reached (26%), compared to death cases (74%). The results of comparing platelet averages when the patient was admitted to the hospital and during the treatment period with average platelets at mischief or before death were statistically significant (P-value < 0.05), as the average platelet count decreased between these periods.
Conclusion
Platelets are one of the low-cost biomarkers, which many studies have shown to be reliable in the context of diagnosis and management of sepsis cases, therefore, based on the results of our study, we believe that it can be considered as one of the means that guide the management of sepsis, especially in light of low resources.
Bayesian Inference on the Generalized Gamma Distribution based on the Characteristic Prior
Authors: Maswadah M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, Bayesian inference has been applied to the generalized gamma distribution parameters based on the characteristic prior by utilizing the Fourier transformation of the cumulative distribution function. For comparing the characteristic prior with the informative gamma prior, the mean squared errors and the mean percentage errors for the parameters are studied based on both priors based on symmetric and asymmetric loss functions, via Monte Carlo simulations. The simulation results indicated that characteristic prior, which do not contain hyperparameters, are more efficient than informative gamma prior and provide better estimates. Finally, a numerical example is given to demonstrate the efficiency of the two priors.
Bayesian Inference on the Generalized Shape-Scale Family based on Kernel Prior
Authors: Maswadah M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In statistical inference, Bayesian inference is widely used in estimating the distribution parameters despite of it is subjective to prior information other than data that produces undesirable conclusions. Thus, the main objective of this paper to apply the Bayes theorem to the conditional distribution of pivotal functions using kernel priors for those pivotal functions. The conditional inference has been used for estimating the generalized shape-scale family parameters, based on a generalized progressive hybrid-censoring scheme, and compared to Bayesian estimates, via Monte Carlo simulations. The simulation results indicated that conditional inference is highly efficient and provides better estimates than Bayesian inference using different loss functions. Finally, two real data sets have been given to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed methods.
Modern opportunities for treatment of patients with rectovaginal fistulas: literature review
Authors: Myshentsev P. N. , Katorkin S. E. , Kuzmina A. I. 
Published: August 2023

The review is devoted to the most pressing issues of etiology, classification, diagnosis and treatment of rectovaginal fistulas. The psychosocial impact of a rectovaginal fistula on women’s quality of life cannot be overemphasized. The most common causes of rectovaginal fistula are postoperative and obstetric complications, inflammatory bowel disease, complications of radiation therapy, and neoplasms. A combination of advanced imaging techniques, physical examination, and clinical experience can help determine the location and cause of a fistula. The therapeutic options are varied, but the results are often unsatisfactory. In this regard, the choice of a strategy for the treatment of rectovaginal fistulas should be based on etiology, localization and concomitant pathology. Despite the prevalence and serious consequences of rectovaginal fistulas, there is no generally accepted scientifically based approach to surgical treatment. Collaboration between obstetricians-gynecologists and colorectal surgeons, detailed preoperative assessment, consideration of optimal treatment options and correct surgical technique can achieve a successful outcome in most patients. The aim of the study is to evaluate, on the basis of literature sources, the problem of diagnosis and treatment of patients with rectovaginal fistulas and modern possibilities for improving the results of surgical interventions in this pathology. The methodological basis of the analysis was the study of domestic and foreign literature devoted to this problem. Scientific articles were selected for the period 2016–2021, with the largest randomized controlled trials in this area. The article provides an overview of the main management strategies and technical approaches that are currently effective in eliminating this socially disabling condition.
Comparative analysis of extragenital pathology and of comorbidity indices in patients with uterine cancer
Authors: Vinokurova E. A. , Kiseleva M. A. , Ismailova D. K. , Kurmanova Z. F. 
Published: August 2023

Introduction. Cancer of the uterine body (СU) is a malignant hormone-dependent tumor with age-related characteristics, more common in pre- and postmenopausal women (75%). Comorbid pathology in the structure of acquired diseases is polymodal in nature, which makes it difficult to diagnose somatic pathology, choose tactics for diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, and prevent complications.Aim. To study the structure of extragenital pathology, the frequency and severity of comorbidity among the patients with CU using indices (CIRS, Charlson, Kaplan – Feinstein).Materials and methods. An observational retrospective cross-sectional study using the archival method was carried out, which included 100 women with verified RTM stages I–III. In order to assess the effect of age on the structure and incidence of comorbid pathology, patients were divided into two groups: group I (n = 39) under the age of 55 years, group II (n = 61) – over 55 years.Results. In the structure of somatic pathology in patients with endometrial cancer in both groups, diseases of the cardiovascular system (64.1% and 91.8%), endocrine system, metabolic disorders (28.2% and 55.7%), organs digestion (28.2% and 24.6%). At the same time, diseases of the cardiovascular system (p < 0.001), endocrine system and metabolic disorders (p < 0.001) statistically significantly prevailed in patients older than 55 years. The average number of nosological forms of somatic pathology was significantly lower in group I (Me – 2), compared with patients in group II (Me – 3, p < 0.05). When using the M. Charlson scale to analyze the frequency of comorbidity in group II, somatic pathology was diagnosed in 100% of cases, which is significantly higher than in group I, and cases with moderate comorbidity predominated more often (2.7 times, higher in group II compared with I) and pronounced comorbidity (10 times). When analyzing the frequency of comorbidity according to the CIRS scale (Cumulative Illness Rating Scale-Geriatric) and the Kaplan – Feinstein index, no significant differences were found in the studied groups.Conclusion. Patients in the second group were significantly more likely to have arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, hyperlipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus were significantly more often detected compared to patients in group I. When conducting a comparative characteristic of methods for assessing comorbidity, it was found that the highest level of reliability in the frequency of comorbid pathology was registered when using the M. Charlson scale (p < 0.001).
Receptivity of the endometrium in infertility associated with adenomyosis
Authors: Orazov M. R. , Mikhaleva L. M. , Khamoshina M. B. , Barinova A. K. , Tsaregorodtseva M. V. , Besman I. V. , Ibragimova V. Yu. 
Published: August 2023

Violation of the receptivity of the endometrium in adenomyosis can be supported either by pathological processes in the structure of the endometrium, such as an unexpected increase in vascularization and thickness of the endometrial stroma with a violation of the endometrial environment, or a negative effect on implantation, or a change in the expression of enzymes, cytokines, growth factors, adhesion molecules and various genes, such as hypoxia-induced factor 1α, interleukins (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-II), IL-8 receptors, CXCR1, CXCR2, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP2 and MMP9), vascular endothelial growth factor, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), LIF receptor α, HOXA10 gene, cytochrome P450, aromatase activity, estrogen receptor α, cell adhesion molecules such as integrins, MUC1, pinopods and L-selection. The modern literature data on the receptivity of the endometrium in infertility associated with adenomyosis was analyzed, the etiology and morphofunctional features of the endometrium, its implantation disorders as well as their effects on implantation processes were studied. Infertility is one of the most important and complex medical and social problems in the modern world. Thanks to advances in imaging techniques, there is now increasing evidence that adenomyosis is one of the causes of female infertility. According to studies, adenomyosis was observed in 27% of infertile patients treated with assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Adenomyosis is a disease with an unclear etiology, the pathogenesis of the disease identifies several theories, but there is no single correct one, its connection with infertility in women requires further study and depends on many factors, one of which is the receptivity of the endometrium. Treatment of this disease requires a personalized approach for each patient, to achieve the main goal of overcoming infertility.
The effect of disorders of the microbiota of the genital tract on the development of cervical canal polyps and their correction
Authors: Savchenko T. N. , Ozolinya L. A. , Nasyrova N. N. , Molotilova E. V. , Melnikov A. V. 
Published: August 2023

Introduction. Cervical canal polyps are a common disease in gynecological practice. In the vast majority of cases, cervical polyps are a benign disease, but signs of dysplasia and malignancy can be observed in 0.1–10% of cases. The doctor faces the task of getting rid of the polyp and preventing its recurrence, which is not an easy task, since the etiology and pathogenesis of the development of this disease are not completely clear. There is an opinion about the connection of the occurrence of cervical polyps with inflammation and changes in the microbiota of the female genital organs, hormonal imbalance or a combination of these factors.Objective. To study the microbiota of the vagina and cervical canal, as well as the hormonal background in women with cervical polyps and to determine whether the appointment of Neo-Penotran Forte is appropriate and effective.Materials and methods. 84 women of reproductive age (44 – with polyps, 40 – healthy) had a study of the specific and quantitative composition of the microflora of the vagina and cervix and the study of hormonal status with the determination of the level of sex hormones. To correct the identified violations, miconazole + metronidazole was treated.Results. The data obtained indicated the absence of hormonal disorders in both groups, but the presence of dysbiotic disorders of the vaginal biotope in the group of women with cervical polyps. The frequency of detection of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria in patients with cervical polyps was reduced, and opportunistic microorganisms were isolated with greater frequency, some patients had microorganisms that were absent in healthy women. The microbiota of the vagina of the patients after treatment by miconazole + metronidazole corresponded to the normative values.Conclusion. According to the study, cervical polyps are a disease associated with dysbiotic disorders of the vaginal biotope andt it is hormone-independent. The drug miconazole + metronidazole has proven its effectiveness and safety.
Therapeutic potential of combination herbal medicines in the treatment of cough
Authors: Lapidus N. I. 
Published: August 2023

Cough is one of the most common reasons for seeking medical attention. As impaired mucociliary clearance plays an important role in the pathogenesis of both acute and chronic cough, much attention is paid to secretomotor and secretolytic therapy in its treatment. Today, medicines that contain medicinal herbs have taken on a special importance. Medicinal components in the herbal mucolytic medicines have a complex effect, which allows to effectively cope with cough at all stages of diseases accompanied by respiratory symptoms. Plantain leaf, coltsfoot leaf, thermopsis grass, ipecac root, marshmallow root, licorice root, anise fruit, thyme (thyme) grass, ivy leaves, primrose roots are among the most common and frequently used components. Bronchipret is one of these well-known herbal medicines which as a syrup contains liquid extracts of thyme herb and ivy leaves and as Bronchipret TP tablets – dry extracts of thyme herb and primrose root. Due to its components, Bronchipret helps normalize production of bronchial secretions, and has an expectorant, secretolytic, anti-inflammatory and bronchodilator effect. Numerous clinical studies have proven high efficacy and safety of Bronchipret, which makes it possible to recommend it as a drug of choice when children and adults need symptomatic treatment of cough in ARVI with cough.
The use of biofeedback techniques in clinical practice
Authors: Ruzinova V. M. , Dolgopolova Yu. V. , Petelin D. S. , Sorokina O. Yu. , Volel B. A. 
Published: August 2023

In the past decades, biofeedback has become a widely adopted non-pharmacological option in the management of a variety of somatic, neurological, and psychiatric conditions. The biofeedback method is based on the associations between one’s vegetative and mental functions; during a session with the device, information about the change in his/her condition over time is “returned” to the patient as accessible audial or visual stimuli. The efficacy of biofeedback treatment may primarily be attributed to improvements in the state of the patients based on establishing an individual model of his/her best psychophysiological state, enabling effective rehabilitation activities at a rate suitable for each patient along with ensuring better awareness of the patient of his/her body functions; such an intervention is stepwise and helps sustain the patient’s motivation for success, thus affecting the pathological condition. This review describes the historical prerequisites for the development of biofeedback techniques and the principal mechanisms of their action; a brief summary of studies looking at the efficacy of this method in various somatic, neurological, and psychiatric conditions is also provided. The presented data clearly indicate that the use of biofeedback results in a decreased medication load in patients suffering from conditions such as arterial hypertension, epilepsy, ADHD, chronic pain, anxiety disorders, autism etc. while there are practically no contraindications for this method, except for acute psychosis, photosensitive epilepsy, and severe cognitive impairment. In this connection, clinical implementation of biofeedback techniques should be intensified in a variety of conditions.
Intraterritorial differences in reproductive losses
Authors: Mateykovich E. A. , Novikova V. A. , Radzinsky V. E. 
Published: August 2023

Introduction. Postponing motherhood correlates with a decrease in natural fertility, the accumulation of aggravated reproductive experience, somatic and other diseases, and, as a result, an increase in the risk of reproductive losses. The present study reflects the significance of intraterritorial differences in the structure and frequency of reproductive losses among female residents of the Tyumen region. Aim. To assess intraterritorial differences in reproductive losses on the example of the Tyumen region.Materials and methods. An analytical study has been carried out. The study period is 2016–2021. Reproductive losses in various autonomous districts of the Tyumen region were analyzed. Used data from medical records.Results and discussion. In Tyumen region, 94.33% of reproductive losses occur before 12 weeks of gestation. The proportion of primigravidas in the total number of reproductive losses is 6.78%, HIV-infected – 2.06%. Reproductive losses in the first pregnancy is associated with a gestational age of more than 12 weeks (OR 2.31, 95% CI 2.13–2.49), with HIV infection – less than 12 weeks (OR 3.59, 95% CI 2, 88–4.47). Tyumen region without AO is characterized by a greater association of reproductive losses in pregnancy up to 12 weeks with HIV infection in comparison with the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Yugra (KhMAO): OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.67–2.00; and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (YNAO): OR 7.68, 95% CI 6.01–9.81; from 12 to 22 weeks – with HIV infection compared with KhMAO (OR 1.93, 95% CI 1.20–3.09) and YNAO (OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.30–6, 95), with a first pregnancy compared with KhMAO (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.07–1.48) and YNAO (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.40–2.35). The greatest contrast was noted between Tyumen region and YNAO. More than 50% of reproductive losses in pregnancy before 12 weeks is due to medical abortion. In Tyumen region without autonomous regions, at more than 12 weeks of gestation, medical abortion competes in frequency with spontaneous abortion. Tyumen region without AO showed high achievements in the total overcoming of criminal abortion.Conclusion. On the example of Tyumen region, the non-universality of the intra-territorial structure of the Republic of Poland is shown. Artificial reproductive losses dominate over non-artificial ones. Intraterritorial differences in reproductive losses require taking into account, monitoring many risk factors, adapting measures for their prevention, preservation and restoration of reproductive health to them.
Antihypertensive therapy following glaucoma valve implantation: analysis of the effectiveness of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and prostaglandin analogues
Authors: Rascheskov A. Yu. , Loskutov I. A. , Korneeva A. V. , Yafyasova A. F. , Strakhova S. S. 
Published: August 2023

Introduction. The Ahmed glaucoma valve (GV) type drainage implantation is characterized by high efficiency and low complication rate, and is finding an increasing application in clinical practice. Although GV provides better intraocular pressure (IOP) control and higher surgical success rates compared to trabeculectomy, the so-called hypertensive phase (HP), typically defined as an IOP elevation more than 21 mmHg, can occur at the period from one to three months postoperatively, related to the fibrous capsule reservoir formation, which does not have the character of persistent hypertension.Aim. To analyze the effectiveness of the Dorzolamide-Optic carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and the Latanoprost-Optic prostaglandin analogue as the drugs of choice in clinical conditions at different periods during postoperative follow-up when antihypertensive therapy after GV implantation is needed.Materials and methods. The study included 80 glaucoma patients who underwent GV implantation in the clinic “Eye Surgery Rascheskov” with a postoperative follow-up period of at least one year. In order to increase the effectiveness of surgical intervention and preserve visual functions, hypotensive therapy was prescribed in studied patients either when IOP exceeded the target pressure, or when there was a tendency to a constant increase between control visits. 180 operated patients with IOP level within the target level during the follow-up period were excluded from the study.Results. The overall incidence rate of the hypertensive phase (GF) was 44.4%. In all studied patients to compliance with the operation technique and early therapy appointment, Dorzolamide-Optic monotherapy was sufficient to achieve stabilization of visual functions for up to 3 months after surgery. During a follow-up period more than 3 month, 15 patients (18.8%) required additional appointment of Latanoprost-Optic to achieve the target IOP level. After 2 months following the implantation, the antihypertensive therapy was discontinued under the IOP control in 17 patients (21.3%).Conclusions. Medical management of HP is crucial for preventing further optic nerve damage and preserving visual functions, as reduction of the incidence and severity of HP are known to be associated with higher operative success rates and a better long-term IOP control.
Assessment of the quality of life of patients with gonarthrosis treated with a prosthesis of synovial fluid of domestic production
Authors: Sivordova L. E. , Polyakova Yu. V. , Papichev E. V. , Akhverdyan Yu. R. , Zavodovskii B. V. 
Published: August 2023

Introduction. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic progressive disease of the joints, accompanied with pain, which limits the mobility of patients. Functional limitations, chronic pain syndrome worsen the quality of life (QoL) in OA of the joints of the lower extremities. QoL significantly depends on the effectiveness and methods of pain treatment, correction of functional disorders.Aim. Evaluation of the dynamics of QoL in patients with gonarthrosis treated with a high-tech synovial fluid prosthesis – sodium hyaluronate, domestic production.Materials and methods. The study group consisted of 50 patients who received intra-articular (IA) injections of domestically produced sodium hyaluronate (OOO Ingal, Russia). Comparison group – 30 patients treated with 2 ml of symptomatic drugs of delayed action (SYSADOA) (bioactive concentrate of small marine fish) administrated IA No. 5. Control group – 100 patients treated with a 1 ml of SYSADOA drugs administrated intramuscularly (IM) No. 20. Study program: 12 months, 6 visits with prospective monitoring of the quality of life of patients according to SF-36 compared with baseline data.Results. At the time of inclusion, patients had a similar level of physical and mental health components, which did not differ statistically significantly (p = 0.369 and p = 0.089). The study group demonstrated the best dynamics of the physical and mental components of health. The therapy was effective in all groups: most patients showed a statistically significant decrease in pain syndrome, an increase in QoL. The groups differed significantly in the speed of achieving the effect of pain relief, the severity of pain reduction and the duration of the effect of treatment.Conclusions. The spectrum of side effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) does not allow their use for pain relief indefinitely. SYSADOAs become less effective in the progression of OA than in the early stages of the disease. The positive clinical effect of intra-articular injection of sodium hyaluronate solutions occurs faster and lasts longer than when using SYSADOA.