bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unified small‐signal model for DC‐DC converters based on the three‐state switching cell operating in discontinuous conduction mode
Authors: Tofoli Fernando Lessa 
Published: September 2023

SummaryUnified small‐signal modeling approaches are of paramount importance for the design of controllers and closed‐loop control systems in power electronic converters. In this sense, this work proposes the small‐signal analysis of non‐isolated dc‐dc converters employing the three‐state switching cell (3SSC) in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM). The modeling technique relies on the very same principles of the pulse width modulation (PWM) switch while not involving matrix operations, but only basic concepts related to electric circuits. Considering that the waveforms associated with the terminals of the 3SSC in DCM have a common behavior in all basic dc‐dc converters, it is possible to derive the small‐signal models for both operating regions of the 3SSC, that is, non‐overlapping mode (NOM) and overlapping mode (OM). Thus, one can effectively demonstrate that the same circuit can represent both modes, even though the coefficients that describe the models are calculated from distinct equations. The theoretical claims are validated in the frequency and time domains while comparing the model with the converter. The obtained results evidence that the unified model can accurately represent converters based on the 3SSC in DCM.
Optimized planar printed UCA configurations for OAM waves and the associated OAM mode content at the receiver
Authors: Ilić Andjelija Ž. , Vojnović Nebojša M. , Savić Slobodan V. , Grass Eckhard , Ilić Milan M. 
Published: September 2023

SummaryUtilization of planar printed uniform circular antenna arrays (UCA) to generate the orbital angular momentum (OAM) carrying waves in the millimeter‐wave (mmWave) frequency band is advantageous from the viewpoints of easy signal modulation and mode reconfiguration, low cost, low profile, and straightforward integration with the existing broadband wireless infrastructure. The OAM mmWave UCA are highly promising as the enablers of very high transmission data rates required by hybrid 5G/6G optical and wireless communication systems by complementing and enhancing other technologies currently in use. Therefore, we here contribute a detailed electromagnetic analysis of important constraints of such antenna arrangements aimed at short‐range multimode OAM wave transmission. We investigate (i) the required antenna array dimensions and optimized UCA arrangements for a particular link range and (ii) the corresponding mode structure of OAM waves in the plane of receiving arrays. Four relatively simple antenna configurations operating in the 60‐GHz band are compared. Theoretical assumptions based on ideal OAM modes are critically assessed and, using state‐of‐the‐art numerical electromagnetic analysis, compared to realistically generated OAM waves. The proposed “cyclic transmission setup” resulted in much lower unwanted field components in the region of receiving arrays. RMS magnitudes of unwanted modes are on average about 64% of the received mode, in comparison with 80% (up to 94%) for sequential transmission. The observed mode impurities and mode mixing effects at the receiver indicate the need to dedicate more attention to the system‐level design, the development of efficient receiving arrays, the MIMO processing, and the stream separation.
Banana and its by‐products: A comprehensive review on its nutritional composition and pharmacological benefits
Authors: Kumari Payal , Gaur Supriya S. , Tiwari Ravindra K. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBananas are widely popular as a key member of the Musaceae family and also considered a rich source of several nutrients, especially bioactive compounds. Besides, bananas are extensively grown in tropical and subtropical regions and are easily available for various use cases, that is, food industry and health benefits. Other than banana, its by‐products such as peel, pseudo‐stems, leaves, and blossoms are also rich in several nutrients, for example, carbohydrates, protein, dietary fiber, vitamins, and so on. Moreover, their consumption intends to provide several therapeutic benefits, particularly the dietary fiber and phenolic compounds. Furthermore, bananas and their by‐products have been found to possess antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidant activities. In spite of countless benefits, these residues are often discarded as waste. Observing these benefits, the current review focuses on the broad range of bioactive chemical and pharmacological elements in bananas and their by‐products. Also, this work focuses on their use in several food industries. As a result of the findings, the presented review reveals several innovative aspects of bananas and their products which can be utilized as a sustainable source of income for the agriculture industry.
Supervised exercise training in patients with advanced heart failure and left ventricular assist device: A multicentre randomized controlled trial (Ex‐VAD trial)
Authors: Feuerstein Anna , Schoenrath Felix , Belyavskiy Evgeny , Knierim Jan , Friede Tim , Placzek Marius , Bach Doris , Pieske‐Kraigher Elisabeth , Herrmann‐Lingen Christoph , Westenfeld Ralf , Roden Michael , Rybczynski Meike , Verheyen Nicolas , Dörr Marcus , von Haehling Stephan , Störk Stefan , Halle Martin , Falk Volkmar , Pieske Burkert , Edelmann Frank 
Published: September 2023

AimsSmall studies and observations suggested that exercise training may improve peak oxygen consumption (peakVO2) in patients with advanced heart failure and left ventricular assist device (LVAD). We investigated whether in this patient group a supervised exercise training can improve exercise capacity.Methods and resultsIn this multicentre, prospective, randomized, controlled trial, patients with stable heart failure and LVAD were randomly assigned (2:1) to 12 weeks of supervised exercise training or usual care, with 12 weeks of follow‐up. The primary endpoint was the change in peakVO2 after 12 weeks (51 patients provided a power of 90% with an expected group difference in peakVO2 of 3 ml/kg/min). Secondary endpoints included changes in submaximal exercise capacity and quality of life. Among 64 patients enrolled (97% male, mean age 56 years), 54 were included in the analysis. Mean difference in the change of peakVO2 after 12 weeks was 0.826 ml/min/kg (95% confidence interval [CI] −0.37, 2.03; p = 0.183). There was a positive effect of exercise training on 6‐min walk distance with a mean increase in the intervention group by 43.4 m (95% CI 16.9, 69.9; p = 0.0024), and on the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire physical domain score (mean 14.3, 95% CI 3.7, 24.9; p = 0.0124), both after 12 weeks. The overall adherence was high (71%), and there were no differences in adverse events between groups.ConclusionIn patients with advanced heart failure and LVAD, 12 weeks of exercise training did not improve peakVO2 but demonstrated positive effects on submaximal exercise capacity and physical quality of life.
Olfr78, a novel short‐chain fatty acid receptor, regulates glucose homeostasis and gut GLP‐1 secretion in mice
Authors: Wang Yanan , Li Mengjie , Guo Jingya , Kang Seong‐Gook , Huang Kunlun , Tong Tao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOlfr78, which is a novel receptor for short‐chain fatty acid (SCFA) acetate and propionate, plays essential roles in some cellular processes. The present study aimed to investigate the role of olfr78 in regulating energy metabolism and delineate the underlying mechanisms using olfr78−/− mice. Deletion of olfr78 did not influence the adiposity of mice fed either normal chow or a high‐fat diet (HFD). However, olfr78−/− mice exhibited glucometabolic dysfunction, as evidenced by increased fasting blood glucose levels, decreased serum insulin levels, and impaired oral glucose tolerance under HFD feeding. When compared to wild‐type (WT) mice, olfr78 deficiency enhanced HFD‐induced gluconeogenesis and increased the mRNA expression of key gluconeogenic genes in the liver and kidney. Quantitative real‐time PCR results revealed that olfr78 expression was higher in the colon compared with other tissues in WT mice. Analysis of the gut microbiota in the feces of olfr78−/− mice using 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed altered relative abundances of some representative SCFAs producers along with decreased levels of SCFAs, including propionic, isobutyric, 2‐methylbutyric, valeric, isovaleric, and 4‐methylvaleric acids. Importantly, mice lacking olfr78 had low circulating levels of glucagon‐like peptide 1 (GLP‐1). In the STC‐1 enteroendocrine cell line, propionate and acetate induced the secretion of the gut hormone GLP‐1, and this effect was partially abolished by olfr78 siRNA‐mediated knockdown. Together, these results suggest a previously undescribed, specific regulatory role for gut olfr78 in glucose homeostasis and highlight olfr78 as a potential target for diabetes treatment.
Possible metabolic effect of acrylamide on biological system
Authors: Gupta Divya , Singh Shubham , Soni Richa , Gupte Shamli S. , Rathour Arti , Shrivastava Sadhana , Shukla Sangeeta 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAcrylamide (AA) is a chemical agent mostly used in the manufacture of polymers and copolymers. Recently, it has gained attention because of its production in food items prepared at high‐temperature (>120°C) processes, such as frying, toasting, cooking, roasting or baking of high carbohydrate food items. As per the higher exposure of AA, appropriate identification of its toxic effect is necessary. Hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, and immunotoxicity of AA have been observed in several studies. AA could also be considered as endocrine‐disrupting chemicals and its exposure leads to many hormonal abnormalities. Nearly one in every four couples of a developing nation suffers from infertility, and AA exposure may be one of the reasons. AA is proven as a potent reproductive toxicant, affecting both male and female reproductive organ functioning. This review summarizes research conducted on the toxicity of AA in various organs.
Complementary value of molecular analysis to expert review in refining classification of uncommon soft tissue tumors
Authors: Suurmeijer Albert J. H. , Dickson Brendan C. , Antonescu Cristina R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe classification of many soft tissue tumors remains subjective due their rarity, significant overlap in microscopic features and often a non‐specific immunohistochemical (IHC) profile. The application of molecular genetic tools, which leverage the underlying molecular pathogenesis of these neoplasms, have considerably improved the diagnostic abilities of pathologists and refined classification based on objective molecular markers. In this study, we describe the results of an international collaboration conducted over a 3‐year period, assessing the added diagnostic value of applying molecular genetics to sarcoma expert pathologic review in a selected series of 84 uncommon, mostly unclassifiable mesenchymal tumors, 74 of which originated in soft tissues and 10 in bone. The case mix (71% historical, 29% contemporary) included mostly unusual and challenging soft tissue tumors, which remained unclassified even with the benefit of expert review and routine ancillary methods, including broad IHC panels and a limited number of commercially available fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) probes. All cases were further tested by FISH using a wide range of custom bacterial artificial chromosome probes covering most of known fusions in sarcomas, whereas targeted RNA sequencing was performed in 13 cases negative by FISH, for potential discovery of novel fusion genes. Tumor‐defining molecular alterations were found in 48/84 tumors (57%). In 27 (32%) cases the tumor diagnosis was refined or revised by the additional molecular work‐up, including five cases (6%), in which the updated diagnosis had clinical implications. Sarcoma classification is rapidly evolving due to an increased molecular characterization of these neoplasms, so unsurprisingly 17% of the tumors in this series harbored abnormalities only very recently described as defining novel molecularly defined soft tissue tumor subsets.
An observation: Could the spread of Adenovirus in South Asia pose a hazard to global public health?
Authors: Ahamed Rayhan , Ahmed Iftekhar , Bari Lazima Faiah , Dewan Syed Masudur Rahman 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundOne of the most pressing issues in healthcare today is the prevention of Adenovirus (AdV) infections. Children and the elderly, both of whom have weaker immune systems than healthy adults, are more vulnerable to infection.DiscussionIndia has been the epicenter of a recent AdV epidemic in the South Asian area. Most of the nations, bordering India are still developing and have very low per capita incomes, yet their citizens often cross into India for trade, medical care, and vacation.ConclusionWe are concerned that an epidemic of the AdV might occur in the Indian subcontinent, spread to other nations, and eventually affect the whole world if effective preventative and diagnostic measures are not taken.
Mechanochemical difluoromethylation of (thio)phenols and N‐heterocycles
Authors: Ford Joseph , Hopkin Benjamin , Sap Jeroen B. I. , Gouverneur Véronique 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHerein, we report a minimalistic protocol for the solvent‐free, mechanochemical difluoromethylation of (thio)phenols and N‐heteroarenes using non‐ozone depleting chlorodifluoromethyl phenyl sulfone as a difluorocarbene source. This mechanochemical difluoromethylation features a short reaction time, excellent functional group tolerance, and compatibility with complex biologically active scaffolds.
Development and validation of the genitourinary syndrome of menopause symptoms and vaginal treatments acceptability questionnaire (GSM‐SVTAQ): An electronic patient‐reported outcomes measure
Authors: Hassanein Mohammed M. , Huri Hasniza Zaman , Baig Kauser , Abduelkarem Abduelmula R. , Al‐Momani Marwan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo develop and validate an electronic, patient‐reported outcomes measure (PROM) specific for genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) patients. The PROM aimed to accurately assess the burden of GSM symptoms, their impact on health‐related and sexual quality of life, and the acceptability of vaginal treatments.MethodsThe study encompassed a comprehensive three‐stage approach to the development and validation of the PROM. Initially, during the preliminary design stage, the necessity for a new PROM was recognized, an expert panel was formed, and semi‐structured qualitative interviews were carried out with GSM patients. In the second stage, the study used the five‐step pre‐validation methodology established by Prior et al. to generate and refine the PROM items. The third and final stage encompassed the determination of scale and item content validity indexes to ensure validity. Additionally, the reliability of each construct was evaluated using Cronbach's α.ResultsThe resulting PROM was named GSM‐SVTAQ (GSM‐symptoms and vaginal treatments acceptability questionnaire). It demonstrated excellent validity in assessing symptoms burden, health‐related and sexual quality of life, and vaginal treatment acceptability, with high content validity indices and strong internal consistency. The scale content validity indices and Cronbach's α coefficients for the three domains were (0.926, 0.939), (0.875, 0.947), and (0.824, 0.855), respectively.ConclusionThe GSM‐SVTAQ stands as the first GSM‐specific, valid, and reliable PROM capable of comprehensively measuring the three components of GSM and the acceptability of vaginal treatments. Its implementation has the potential to significantly enhance patient care and outcomes in GSM management.
Role of Board‐Certified Psychiatric Pharmacists in child and adolescent psychiatry
Authors: Stutzman Danielle L. , Leiby Lauren E. , Temelie Andreea , Maroney Megan , Williams Andrew M. , Parmentier Brittany L. , Payne Gregory H. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn the context of ongoing workforce shortages, rising symptom severity, and increased rates of psychotropic prescribing, the 2021 declaration of a national emergency in child and adolescent psychiatry (CAP) has highlighted the need for innovative strategies to address access to quality care. As valued members of the interdisciplinary team, Board‐Certified Psychiatric Pharmacists (BCPPs) in CAP are well‐positioned to address these needs as they are integrated across various settings (e.g., ambulatory clinics, and psychiatric hospitals) and have expertise in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. As educators and advocates for evidence‐based psychotropic medication management, BCPPs in CAP decrease polypharmacy, increase medication adherence and knowledge, and enhance patient outcomes. Given the need for interdisciplinary collaboration among BCPPs, CAP, and primary care providers, it is crucial for pharmacy administrators to respond and recognize the necessity of integrating pharmacy services into CAP and integrating BCPPs into pharmacy departments.
Recent changes in the nature of the distribution dynamics of the US county incomes
Authors: Park Seonyoung , Shin Donggyun 
Published: September 2023

SummaryWe study the evolution of the cross‐sectional distributions of county‐level per capita income in the United States from 1970 to 2017. We confirm previous findings of convergence in pre‐transfer income during the 1970s and 1980s but present new evidence of rising inequality since the early 1990s, which is characterized by bipolarization. Cross‐county differences in education and industry composition explain much of this recent trend, which almost disappears in post‐transfer incomes. Among the various government transfer programs, medical benefits play the greatest role in making the distribution less unequal.
Protective effect of vitamin B6 against doxorubicin‐induced cardiotoxicity by modulating NHE1 expression
Authors: Sun Rui‐li , Wang Huan‐huan , Gui Zi‐chen , Shuang‐guo  , Lin Lai‐biao , Fan Jia‐xin , Xue‐Zhang  , Mao Bin‐yan , Liu Geng , Liu Wei‐Zhen , Yue Rui‐Zhu , Yin Ya‐ling , Wang Qian‐qian , Li Peng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDoxorubicin (DOX) has been used to treat various types of cancer, but its application is limited due to its heart toxicity as well as other drawbacks. Chronic inhibition of Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE1) reduces heart failure and reduces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS); vitamin B6 (VitB6) has been demonstrated to have a crucial role in antioxidant mechanism. So, this study was designed to explore the effect of VitB6 supplement on the DOX‐induced cardiotoxicity and to imply whether NHE1 is involved. Ultrasonic cardiogram analysis revealed that VitB6 supplement could alleviate DOX‐induced cardiotoxicity; hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Masson's staining further confirmed this effect. Furthermore, VitB6 supplement exhibited significant antioxidative stress and antiapoptosis effect, which was evidenced by decreased serum malondialdehyde (MDA) content and increased serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) content, and decreased Bcl‐2‐associated X protein/B‐cell lymphoma‐2 ratio, respectively. Collectively, VitB6 supplement may exert antioxidative and antiapoptosis effects to improve cardiac function by decreasing NHE1 expression and improve DOX‐induced cardiotoxicity.
Tolterodine ameliorates inflammatory response and ferroptosis against LPS in human bladder epithelial cells
Authors: Wang Xiangyang , Ji Tongyu , Jiang Zhaoqiang , Wang Jianan , Su Xiang , Shan Lei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced inflammatory response and ferroptosis play an important role in urinary tract infections. Tolterodine has been used as a urinary tract antispasmodic and anticholinergic agent. However, the effects of Tolterodine against LPS‐induced insults in human bladder epithelial cells (hBECs) have not been reported before. 3‐(4,5‐Dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide and lactate dehydrogenase release assays to determine the cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde level detection were used to determine the level of oxidative stress, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot analysis were used to detect the protein level. In the current study, we found that Tolterodine ameliorated LPS‐induced production of ROS and lipid oxidation in hBECs. Interestingly, Tolterodine inhibited the production of interleukin 6, interleukin‐1β, and tumor necrosis factor α. Also, Tolterodine reduced the levels of Fe2+ and suppressed ferroptosis by reducing the levels of glutathione peroxidase 4, prostaglandin‐endoperoxide synthase 2, and acyl‐CoA synthetase long‐chain family member 4 in LPS‐challenged bladder epithelial cells. Mechanistically, it was shown that Tolterodine restored the nuclear factor E2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2)/nuclear factor‐κB signaling. Importantly, inhibition of Nrf2 with its specific inhibitor ML385 abolished the protective effects of Tolterodine in the inflammatory response and ferroptosis, suggesting that the effects of Tolterodine are mediated by Nrf2. Based on these findings, we conclude that Tolterodine might serve as a promising agent for the treatment of LPS‐induced bladder inflammation.
Knockdown of PRMT1 suppresses the malignant biological behavior of osteosarcoma cells and increases cisplatin sensitivity via c‐Myc‐mediated BCAT1 downregulation
Authors: Li Zhifu , Meng Dongdong , Liu Yongyi , Bi Fanggang , Tian Ke , Xu Jianzhong , Sun Jianguang , Gu Chexi , Li Yu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIncreasing evidence indicated that protein arginine methyltransferase‐1 (PRMT1) is an oncogene in multiple malignant tumors, including osteosarcoma (OS). The aim of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanism of PRMT1 in OS. The effects of PRMT1 or BCAT1, branched‐chain amino acid transaminase 1 (BCAT1) on OS cell proliferation, invasion, autophagy, and apoptosis in vitro were examined. Moreover, molecular control of PRMT1 on c‐Myc or transactivation of BCAT1 on c‐Myc was assessed by chromatin immunoprecipitation and quantitative reverse transcription PCR assays. The effects of PRMT1 in vivo were examined with a xenograft tumor model. The results showed that PRMT1 was potently upregulated in OS tissues and cells. Upregulation of PRMT1 markedly increased OS cell proliferation and invasion in vitro and reduced cell apoptosis, whereas PRMT1 silencing showed the opposite effects. Cisplatin, one of the most effective chemotherapeutic drugs, improved cell survival rate by inducing the expression of PRMT1 to downregulate the cisplatin sensitivity. Meanwhile, the cisplatin‐induced upregulation of PRMT1 expression caused dramatically autophagy induction and autophagy‐mediated apoptosis by inactivating the mTOR signaling pathway, which could be reversed by 3‐methyladenine, an autophagy inhibitor, or PRMT1 silencing. PRMT1 could activate c‐Myc transcription and increase c‐Myc‐mediated expression of BCAT1. Furthermore, BCAT1 overexpression counteracted the effects of PRMT1 knockdown on cell proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis. Of note, deficiency of PRMT1 suppressed tumor growth in vivo. PRMT1 facilitated the proliferation and invasion of OS cells, inhibited cell apoptosis, and decreased chemotherapy sensitivity through c‐Myc/BCAT1 axis, which may become potential target in treating OS.