bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intracorneal Implantation of 3D Bioprinted Scaffolds Containing Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Using Femtosecond‐Laser‐Assisted Intrastromal Keratoplasty
Authors: Boix‐Lemonche Gerard , Nagymihaly Richard M. , Niemi Essi M. , Josifovska Natasha , Johansen Stian , Moe Morten C. , Scholz Hanne , Petrovski Goran 
Published: February 2023

AbstractInjury of the cornea is a complex biological process. Regeneration of the corneal stroma can be facilitated by the presence of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and application of tissue equivalents. A new tissue‐engineering strategy for corneal stroma regeneration is presented using cellularized 3D bioprinted hydrogel constructs implanted into organ cultured porcine corneas using femtosecond laser‐assisted intrastromal keratoplasty. The ex vivo cultured, MSC‐loaded 3D bioprinted structures remain intact, support cell survival, and contain de novo synthesized extracellular matrix components and migrating cells throughout the observation period. At day 14 postimplantation, the cellularized tissue equivalents contain few or no cells, as demonstrated by optical coherence tomography imaging and immunofluorescent staining. This study successfully combines a laboratory‐based method with modern, patient‐care practice to produce a cell‐laden tissue equivalent for corneal implantation. Optimal bioink composition and cellularization of tissue equivalents are essential in fine‐tuning a method to promote the current technique as a future treatment modality.
Hybrid joining of aluminum alloys and thermoplastic CFR‐PA12 manufactured by IR‐irradiation: Influence of pretreatment and aging on the mechanical properties
Authors: Meinhard Dieter , Nester Sara , Schanz Jochen , Pott Timo , Riegel Harald , Knoblauch Volker 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this work, a thermal direct joining process was applied to obtain hybrid composites of thermoplastic carbon fiber compounds and selected aluminum alloys. With the successful proof‐of‐concept, the aging behavior under hydrothermal and corrosive conditions is also investigated. Before joining, various linear surface topographies with a characteristic aspect ratio ranging from 0.1 to 2.0 were generated on the aluminum using a short‐pulsed near‐infrared (NIR) laser source. By using optimized NIR laser parameters, the achieved shear strength under tensile load can reach the maximum value corresponding to the interlaminar shear strength of the used carbon fiber‐reinforced thermoplastic polymer. In two aging regimes under hydrothermal and corrosive conditions, a rapid and sharp decrease in mechanical strength over time was observed exclusively under corrosive conditions.
Linkage Design in Two‐Dimensional Covalent Organic Frameworks for High Iodine Uptake
Authors: Zhang Yuwei , Shi Wei , Zhao Yanning , Zhang Chunyu , Zhi Yongfeng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRadioactive iodine waste in the nuclear field is harmful to the environment and human health. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a novel kind of porous organic material with a well‐fine and unformal structure, which is an excellent candidate as a solid adsorbent for iodine adsorption. Herein, a linkage design is proposed for effective iodine adsorption. Imine‐linkage COF (I‐COF) and hydrazone‐linked COF (H‐COF) are constructed under solvothermal conditions. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area of H‐COF is as high as 1747 m2 g−1. Furthermore, the H‐COF shows high porosity, stability, and rich atoms in the linkage. As a result, the work outperforms most of the previous reports in iodine capture with a high capture value at 5.72 g g−1.
New pathogenic variants in ARMC5 gene in a series of Italian patients affected by primary bilateral macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia (PBMAH)
Authors: Giacché Mara , Panarotto Alessandra , Mori Luigi , Poliani Pietro Luigi , Lanzi Roberto , Lena Marco Schiavo , Castellano Maurizio 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
BackgroundTo perform genetic screening for ARMC5 gene germline pathogenic variants in patients with primary bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (PBMAH).Subjects and MethodsIn a group of 10 PBMAH patients, we performed complete sequencing of the coding region of the ARMC5 gene and MLPA analysis for large deletion detection. In subjects with the ARMC5 variant, we searched ARMC5 gene somatic variants on tumor samples.ResultsAmong 10 PBMAH patients, we identified four ARMC5 germline variants (40%). One variant, c:174dupC p.Glu59Argfs*44, was already known; one variant p.Gly323Asp, was already reported and classified as likely disease‐causing VUS (class 3–4); two variants p.Leu596Arg and p.Arg811Pro, were never reported before. For p.Gly323Asp and p.Arg811Pro, we identified second deleterious variants at the somatic level, enforcing the possible pathogenic effect of germline variants.ConclusionsOur results underscore the importance of performing genetic testing also in sporadic PBMAH patients and broaden the spectrum of molecular variants involved in PBMAH syndrome.
Extended B‐spline‐based implicit material point method enhanced by F‐bar projection method to suppress pressure oscillation
Authors: Sugai Riichi , Han Jike , Yamaguchi Yuya , Moriguchi Shuji , Terada Kenjiro 
Published: January 2023

SummaryAn enhancement of the extended B‐spline‐based implicit material point method (EBS‐MPM) is developed to avoid pressure oscillation and volumetric locking. The EBS‐MPM is a stable implicit MPM that enables the imposition of arbitrary boundary conditions thanks to the higher‐order EBS basis functions and the help of Nitsche's method. In particular, by means of the higher‐order EBS basis functions, the EBS‐MPM can suppress the cell‐crossing errors caused by material points crossing the background grid boundaries and can avoid both the stress oscillations arising from inaccurate numerical integration and the ill‐conditioning of the resulting tangent matrices. Although the higher‐order EBS basis functions are known to avoid volumetric locking, the problem of pressure oscillation has not yet been resolved. Therefore, to suppress pressure oscillation due to quasi‐incompressibility, we propose the incorporation of the F‐bar projection method into the EBS‐MPM, which is compatible with the higher‐order EBS basis functions. Three representative numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the capability of the proposed method in suppressing both the pressure oscillation and volumetric locking. The results of the proposed method are compared to those of the finite element method with F‐bar elements and those of isogeometric analysis with quadratic NURBS elements.
Coping strategies adopted by frontline nurses in dealing with COVID‐19 patients in a developing country during the pandemic: A qualitative study
Authors: Rony Moustaq Karim Khan , Rahman Muhammad Mostafijur , Saki Md. Abdullah Al , Parvin Mst. Rina , Alamgir Hasnat M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimThis study aimed to explore the coping strategies adopted by frontline nurses in dealing with COVID‐19 patients during the pandemic in Bangladesh.DesignA qualitative descriptive study.MethodsPurposive sampling was used to recruit seventeen frontline nurses from three COVID‐19‐specific hospitals in Dhaka City. In‐depth online interviews and semi‐structured questionnaires were used to collect data through the Google Meet platform. Interview sessions audio–video were recorded, interpreted, analysed, verbatim transcribed and quotes of the participants were verified by member checking. Thematic analysis was used in this research. The study's reporting guidelines were based on the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research.ResultsSeven themes were identified after careful data analysis: (i) A positive attitude in dealing with challenging situation, (ii) Intimate partner's influence, (iii) Self‐emotional regulation, (iv) The tendency to avoid negativity, (v) Motivated by professional obligations, (vi) Religious influence, (vii) Recreational activities.No patient or public contributionThis study explored various coping strategies employed by frontline nurses in caring for COVID‐19 patients. No patient or public contribution was investigated.
Hospital‐Negotiated Pricing of Cochlear Implants
Authors: Bartholomew Ryan A. , Rathi Vinay K. , Suresh Krish , Sethi Rosh K. V. , Lee Daniel J. , Xiao Roy 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAccess to cochlear implantation can be restricted by financial burden, and little is known about the extent to which cochlear implant (CI) devices prices may vary between hospitals or manufacturers. We performed a cross‐sectional analysis of private payer‐negotiated prices for CI devices. In total, 161 hospitals were analyzed. Prices varied widely across hospitals and between payers. Despite clinical equipoise between manufacturers with regards to CI user outcomes, significant differences in prices were identified, with higher prices for MED‐EL ($38,478 ± 2633) than for Cochlear Ltd. ($34,150 ± 2418, p < .001). Markup analysis for Cochlear Ltd. devices revealed a mean 58.5% ± 7.4% markup in excess of the company's average sales price ($24,649). Negotiated prices were also at least $5000 lower when all 3 brands were offered at the same center (p < .05). Further research examining the influence of patient outcomes and hospital volume on prices are needed.
The architectonics of bitetrazole‐based porous organic polymers for capturing iodine and fluorescence sensing to iodine and 4‐nitrophenol
Authors: Wang Kang , Geng Tongmou , Zhu Feng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTwo bitetrazole‐based porous organic polymers (POPs), TBTZ and HBTZ, have been synthesized by nucleophilic substitution reactions with yields up to 79.08% and 78.81%, respectively. After a series of characterization, these two POPs show good chemical stability, thermal stability, and high pore properties. Through performance tests, we found that the two POPs show dual functions due to the introduction of bitetrazole, capturing iodine and fluorescence sensing I2 and 4‐nitrophenol (p‐NP). First, owing to the plenty of nitrogen affinity sites, both TBTZ and HBTZ show excellent iodine adsorption with 3.54 and 5.66 g g−1, respectively. The higher adsorption amount of HBTZ for iodine than TBTZ is due to the larger specific surface area of HBTZ than TBTZ, and stronger interaction of cyclophosphonitrile unit with iodine are than triazine ring with iodine. Second, on account of their excellent conjugated properties and nitrogen‐enriched structures, TBTZ and HBTZ exhibit high sensitivity to I2 and p‐NP with KSV of 3.97 × 103 and 5.49 × 104 L mol−1 and limits of detection of 8.00 × 10−10 and 5.46 × 10−11 mol L−1, respectively. The former is the photo‐induced electron transfer mechanism, while the latter is the energy transfer mechanism.
Facile fabrication of polypyrrole/NiOx core‐shell nanocomposites for hydrogen production from wastewater
Authors: Atta A. , Negm H. , Abdeltwab E. , Rabia Mohamed , Abdelhamied M. M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis work highlights testing the polymer nanocomposite for hydrogen gas production from wastewater (sewage water). The in‐situ polymerization technique is used to prepare polypyrrole (PPy) and PPy/NiOx nanocomposite films on a glass substrate. The film's ability to generate hydrogen from sewage water is then evaluated. The XRD and XPS confirmed the formation of two types of NiOX: NiO and Ni2O3. The optical property of the composite is greater than the polymer under the insertion of NiOx as a core for the polymer coating shell, in which the band gap values are 2.25 and 1.81 eV, respectively. The TEM confirmed the PPy/NiOx core‐shell formation, in which the polymer shell (20 nm) coated the NiOX core (170 nm). The electrochemical testing for H2 gas production is carried out through a three‐electrode cell. The effect of light on/off, wavelengths, and temperature on the H2 production is applied. Under off/on light, the produced current density (Jph) value is enhanced from 5 to 16 μA, respectively. The effect of monochromatic light: 440, 540, and 730 nm are tested, and the produced Jph values are −1.28, −1.16, and −1.14 μA cm−2, respectively. In which, the decreasing Jph value with increasing of the monochromatic light confirmed the behavior of the photoelectrode under different optical regions. The Jph values increase from −1.6 to −5.8 μA cm−2 with a rise in temperature from 30 to 55°C. Moreover, enthalpy (ΔH*), activation energy (Ea), and entropy (ΔS*) of thermodynamic processes are determined using the photoelectrode response at different temperatures.
Parent–child perception differences in home‐based parental involvement and children's mental health in China: The effects of peer support and teacher emotional support
Authors: Liu Keqiao , Zhang Qiang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractParents' perception of parental involvement or that of children has been found to be associated with the mental health of children. Rather than scrutinizing whether parents' perception or children's perception matters more, this study investigated whether and how parent–child perception differences (parents' perceptions minus their children's perceptions) in home‐based parental involvement were related to anxiety, depression, and stress in children. We surveyed 2219 adolescents (approximately 12–14 years old) and their parents in nine middle schools in eastern China. Findings indicate that parent–child perception differences in parental daily involvement (e.g., Depression: β = .065,p < .01) and parent–child communication (e.g., Depression: β = .107,p < .001) were detrimental to the mental health of children, and that perceived peer support and perceived teacher emotional support might mitigate the adverse effects.
“Take up to eight tablets per day”: Incorporating free‐text medication instructions into a transparent and reproducible process for preparing drug exposure data for pharmacoepidemiology
Authors: Jani Meghna , Yimer Belay Birlie , Selby David , Lunt Mark , Nenadic Goran , Dixon William G. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPurposeRoutinely collected prescription data provides drug exposure information for pharmacoepidemiology, informing start/stop dates and dosage. Prescribing information includes structured data and unstructured free‐text instructions, which can include inherent variability, such as “one to two tablets up to four times a day”. Preparing drug exposure data from raw prescriptions to a research ready dataset is rarely fully reported, yet assumptions have considerable implications for pharmacoepidemiology. This may have bigger consequences for “pro re nata” (PRN) drugs. Our aim was, using a worked example of opioids and fracture risk, to examine the impact of incorporating narrative prescribing instructions and subsequent drug preparation assumptions on adverse event rates.MethodsR‐packages for extracting free‐text medication prescription instructions in a structured form (doseminer) and an algorithm for transparently processing drug exposure information (drugprepr) were developed. Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD was used to define a cohort of adult new opioid users without prior cancer. A retrospective cohort study was performed using data between January 1, 2017 and July 31, 2018. We tested the impact of varying drug preparation assumptions by estimating the risk of opioids on fracture risk using Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsDuring the study window, 60 394 patients were identified with 190 754 opioid prescriptions. Free‐text prescribing instruction variability, where there was flexibility in the number of tablets to be administered, was present in 42% prescriptions. Variations in the decisions made during preparing raw data for analysis led to marked differences impacting the event number (n = 303–415) and person years of drug exposure (5619–9832). The distribution of hazard ratios as a function of the decisions ranged from 2.71 (95% CI: 2.31, 3.18) to 3.24 (2.76, 3.82).ConclusionsAssumptions made during the drug preparation process, especially for those with variability in prescription instructions, can impact results of subsequent risk estimates. The developed R packages can improve transparency related to drug preparation assumptions, in line with best practice advocated by international pharmacoepidemiology guidelines.
Dynamics of semi‐flexible and breakable fibers under Poiseuille flow
Authors: Choi Kisuk , Lee Jaebin , Choi Woo Jin , Myung Jin Suk 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn the processing of fiber‐reinforced polymer composites, especially in injection molding, the fiber's orientation, length, and distribution vary depending on the location of the channel flow and its properties, which affects the performance of final products. To investigate the intricate behavior of fiber suspensions under Poiseuille flow, we used the hybrid simulation approach, multiparticle collision dynamics–molecular dynamics (MPC‐MD), which takes hydrodynamic interactions and fiber properties (strength, flexibility) into account. For non‐breakable and rodlike fibers, fibers align well along the flow direction while showing more alignment near the wall. As fiber becomes breakable and/or flexible, the length and orientation of fibers strongly depend on their properties. The interesting phenomenon is specifically seen for breakable and semiflexible fibers, where the orientation of the fiber exhibits non‐monotonic behavior depending on the flow rate. This complex behavior highlights the importance of comprehending the dynamics of many types of fibers and necessitates research into the best conditions for injection molding.
Acceptability, implementation, and perceived utility of a school‐based cognitive‐behavioral intervention: A qualitative feasibility study
Authors: Tilley Micah A. , Montreuil Tina 
Published: January 2023

AbstractUnderstanding how cognitive‐behavioral therapy programs can be best implemented within the school environment is critical for ensuring that preventative mental health efforts reach all children and are most effective. The purpose of this study was to provide a qualitative analysis of students and school‐based facilitators' perspectives of a cognitive‐behavioral school‐based intervention. Thematic analysis was used to evaluate the feasibility of the program, with a focus given to acceptability, implementation, and perceived utility. School‐based facilitators (n = 10) provided data via weekly checklists. At the end of the program, facilitators also completed an online survey, and elementary students (n = 186) completed a questionnaire and open‐ended worksheet. Results indicated that the program was feasible for teaching important coping skills to elementary school students. While there were specific challenges and barriers reported regarding program implementation, the program was deemed useful, engaging, and beneficial for students overall. These findings provide invaluable information from key stakeholders that will permit revisions and improvements to the program post‐validation. This study also serves to further bridge the research‐to‐practice gap by incorporating facilitator and student perspectives into existing interventions to ensure the successful and sustained transfer of clinical practice into the school setting.
All‐cause and cause‐specific mortality rates after severe extremity injuries among previously deployed active duty service members
Authors: Schmied Emily A. , Boltz Jessamyn , Levine Jordan A. , Koenig Hannah , Forbang Nketi , Shero John , Dearth Christopher L. , Thomsen Cynthia J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrevious research has shown that active duty military personnel who sustain extremity injuries while in service are at elevated risk for serious physical and psychological health issues that could affect their long‐term functioning and quality of life yet longer‐term mortality has not been studied in this population.ObjectiveTo determine whether rates of all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality are elevated for active duty U.S. service members who sustained traumatic limb injuries in service, compared to the broader population of deploying service members. To assess differences in mortality rates between service members with traumatic limb injuries that did versus did not result in amputation.DesignRetrospective cohort study; archival Department of Defense deployment, personnel, medical, and death records were combined and analyzed. Standardized mortality ratios (SMR) adjusted for age, sex, and ethnoracial group, along with associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs), were calculated to directly compare all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality rates in each of the two injury groups to rates in the total study population.SettingNot applicable.ParticipantsService members who deployed in support of the global war on terror between 2001 and 2016 were eligible for inclusion; the final sample included 1,875,206 individuals surveilled through 2019.InterventionNot applicable.Main Outcome MeasuresAll‐cause and cause‐specific mortality rates.ResultsOverall, the number of deaths was over three times higher than expected among service members with amputations (SMR = 3.01; CI: 2.36–3.65), and nearly two times higher among those with serious limb injuries not resulting in amputation (SMR = 1.72; CI: 1.54–1.90) when compared to the larger study population. Rates for both internal and external causes of death were significantly elevated among those with limb injuries.ConclusionsLong‐term mortality rates are elevated among service members with traumatic limb injuries, though mortality patterns may differ based on whether the injury results in amputation. Although further research into causal mechanisms is needed, these results may inform the development of interventions to improve long‐term health outcomes among injured military personnel.
It hurts to get forced: Children's narratives about restraint during medical procedures
Authors: Forsner Maria , Cyrén Monika , Gerdin Anna , Rullander Anna‐Clara 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAccording to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC), children have the right to be involved in decisions about medical procedures affecting them. However, research has shown that healthcare professionals sometimes find this difficult to achieve and those procedures then are performed against the will of the child. The aim was to illuminate restraint from the perspective of children's and young people's experiences of feeling forced during medical procedures. Following the phenomenological hermeneutic method, a secondary qualitative analysis of narrative data from four datasets collected between 2001 and 2020 was performed. Twelve children and young people aged 6–19 years (three male, nine female) from central and northern Sweden narrated their experiences of restraint related to medical procedures in nine narrative interviews and three short written narratives. The analysis revealed that it hurts to get forced, this being illustrated in six themes: bodily misery, emotional rebellion, feeling disregarded, physically limited, desiring escape, and leaving deep traces. From the perspective of children and young people, restraint was interpreted with inspiration from the philosopher Michel Foucault, as being overpowered – not voluntary submission but offering resistance – and according to the theory of caring and uncaring, a relationship in which the healthcare professional is perceived as indifferent to the patient as a person. In conclusion restraint hurts and means powerlessness to the child, leaving deep traces that remain for a long time. The findings call the healthcare profession to take action to support children's self‐determination, participation, and integrity in healthcare. How children experience restraint in healthcare merits further investigation from the children's own perspective.