bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The metric projection over a polyhedral set through the relative interiors of its faces
Authors: Fodor Valerian Alin , Pintea Cornel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We first characterize the region of the n-dimensional Euclidean space for which two optimization problems with the square distance function as common objective function, but different constraints, are equivalent. The affine hull of a certain face of a closed convex set

$$C\subseteq {\mathbb {R}}^n$$

C
⊆

R

n

is the constraint associated to one problem and the whole closed convex set C is the constraint associated to the other problem. Such optimization problems are best approximation problems which can be reformulated in terms of the metric projection. Using the language of the metric projection, we characterize the region of

$${\mathbb {R}}^n$$

R

n

which is metrically projected over a face of C in the same way that it is projected over the affine hull of the face itself. The metric projection over such a face is the one associated to the entire closed convex set, and the metric projection over the affine hull of such a face is the one associated to the affine hull. It turns out that this region is the closure of the inverse image, through the metric projection over the entire closed convex set, of the relative interior of the face. We also characterize analytically the closure of the regions of

$${\mathbb {R}}^n$$

R

n

that are projected over the relative interiors of the faces of a polyhedral set, through the metric projection of the polyhedral set itself. We show that these regions are polyhedral convex sets by explicitly characterizing them through systems of linear inequalities.
The method of lower and upper solutions for second order periodic Stieltjes differential equations
Authors: Marraffa Valeria , Satco Bianca 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
As an application of the Schauder Fixed Point Theorem, an existence theory is developed for second order nonlinear differential equations with Stieltjes derivative related to a left-continuous, nondecreasing function. By the method of lower and upper solutions, under a Nagumo-type assumption we get a very general result which can be further applied to deduce the existence of solutions for second order nonlinear problems in the settings of impulsive differential equations, time scale analysis or generalized differential equations.
Asymptomatic carriage and molecular characterization of Staphylococcus aureus in pre-clinical and clinical medical students
Authors: Brodíková Kristýna , Rezková Bohdana , Koláčková Ivana , Karpíšková Renáta 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Medical students are exposed to the hospital environment and patients during their studies, increasing the risk of exposure to virulent and antibiotic-resistant isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus among medical students who have varying levels of exposure to the hospital environment to provide valuable insights into the risk of colonization and transmission. Nasal swabs and fingerprints were obtained and cultured on a selective medium for staphylococci. The obtained isolates were confirmed as methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) or methicillin-resistant (MRSA) using PCR. Antibiotic resistance, the presence of virulence genes including enterotoxin encoding genes, and spa typing were performed. Among pre-clinical students, MSSA was detected on the nose in 45.2% and on the fingerprints in 10.6% of the participants. Among clinical students, MSSA was detected on the nose in 42.0% and on the fingerprints in 25.4%. Only one MRSA isolate was obtained. Genes seg and sei were the most frequently detected in both student groups, with their presence in over 40% of isolates among clinical students. The eta and etb genes were mainly detected from the nose in both student groups. In pre-clinical students, S. aureus carrying eta gene occurred in 6.4% and etb in 8.5%. In clinical students, the occurrence was 5.1% for eta and 8.5% for etb. The tst gene was identified only in the nose and fingerprints of the clinical student group. The most frequently observed resistance was to clindamycin and erythromycin. In total 58 different spa types were identified. High rates of asymptomatic MSSA carriage were observed in both groups of medical students. Detected MSSA strains showed a high degree of genetic variability, with a number of them carrying the virulence and antibiotic resistance genes. Although students do not exhibit increased risk to their patient’s, increased hygiene is required in asymptomatic carriage personnel. The overall prevalence of MRSA was low, with a minimal risk of spread.
The use of shaped stone balls to extract marrow: a matter of skill? Experimental- traceological approach
Authors: Assaf Ella , Pérez Sara Díaz , Bruner Emiliano , Torres Concepcion , Blasco Ruth , Rosell Jordi , Preysler Javier Baena 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Technological skills associated with the Paleolithic culture have been explored extensively in recent years, with regard to the production of stone tools. Aspects of skill related to the use of these tools, however, have yet to be comprehensively explored. In this paper, we use a combined experimental-traceological approach to explore aspects of skill in the use of Lower Paleolithic (LP) shaped stone balls (SSBs) as percussion tools for marrow extraction. We examine the effect of skill, or lack thereof, on the accumulation of distinctive use wear traces upon these implements, while also considering handling, grip, and body posture of skilled versus unskilled participants in our experiment. In addition, we investigate possible indicative morphologies attesting to skill level on the processed bones. The results show that the observed differences in body posture, gestures, tool gripping and handling of skilled versus unskilled individuals influenced the intensity and dispersion of wear traces on the tools. Moreover, differences were also detected with regard to the processed bones. Thus, our study shows that while we tend to think that bone-breaking is intuitive, it in fact requires planning, knowledge of bone anatomy and tool use, as well as skill and experience. We hope that these experimental insights will offer a better grounding for understanding human skill and its visible expression on material culture.
„Ein guter Gegenpol sein“, wenn der Hass kommt. Eine qualitative Befragung von Lehrkräften zur Implementation und Wirkungsweise des Präventionsprogramms HateLess
Authors: Krause Norman , Wachs Sebastian 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung
Hatespeech stellt eine wachsende Herausforderung für Jugendliche dar, mit negativen Konsequenzen für ihre soziale Teilhabe. Dies betrifft auch die Schule als zentralem Ort der jugendlichen Entwicklung. Um dem präventiv zu begegnen, wurde mit HateLess ein theoretisch fundiertes Präventionsprogramm zur eigenständigen Durchführung durch pädagogisches Schulpersonal entwickelt. Die vorliegende qualitative Studie wertet im Rahmen der Prozessevaluation Daten aus acht Interviews mit Lehrkräften aus, die HateLess selbst durchgeführt haben. Die Interviewtranskripte wurden in Anlehnung an die Grounded Theory ausgewertet. Im Ergebnis können Gelingensbedingungen und Qualitätsmerkmale (z. B. hohe Akzeptanz, gute Anwendbarkeit), Hemmnisse hinsichtlich der Durchführung und der Qualität der Durchführung (z. B. Schwierigkeiten bei der Reduktion, Anpassungswünsche) sowie weitere mögliche Einflüsse auf die Wirkung/Wirksamkeit von HateLess (z. B. Kompetenz und Selbstwirksamkeit der Lehrkräfte) analysiert werden. Basierend auf den Ergebnissen kann HateLess als Produkt praxisorientiert optimiert werden. Zudem ermöglichen die Daten eine umfassendere Bewertung der HateLess-Implementierung. Die Ergebnisse können dazu beitragen, HateLess als theoretisch fundierten Präventionsansatz effizienter in die Praxis zu transferieren und dabei kontextuelle Bedingungen und lebensweltliche Veränderungen aufzunehmen. Mithilfe der qualitativen Evaluation von HateLess kann Hatespeech als Gewaltphänomen, das soziale Teilhabe gefährdet, schließlich effektiver präventiv begegnet werden.
Books’ physiognomic appeal and the overseas dissemination of Chinese dianji (classics): A focus on the Library of Chinese Classics
Authors: Liu Bilin , Zhang Jianhan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article investigates the potential impact of translation covers on the acceptance of Chinese dianji (classics) in the target markets, with a particular focus on facilitating them to truly “go out” of China by capturing their prospective readers’ attention through an analysis of an exemplar of the Library of Chinese Classics (LCC). The research commences with a brief introduction to dianji and their outward translation activities, highlighting the challenges they face in terms of global dissemination, and emphasizing the significant role played by book covers in enhancing the appeal of translated classics. Subsequently, it proposes a framework to examine the appeal of translation covers based on three basic functions they serve, followed by a comparative analysis of the respective cover appeals of two editions of the same dianji translation. This analysis intends to elucidate the underlying “physiognomic” reasons for the unsatisfactory reception of the LCC series, substantiated by empirical evidence from a small-scale semi-structured survey. Finally, it concludes by advocating for leveraging paratextual resources related to the translated dianji on the covers to promote their wider acceptance.
Possible usage of five percent chloride ion by cement weight (2.56 M NaCl) in mixing water with pozzolanic materials emerging as sustainable construction materials
Authors: Lee Siaw Foon , Portillo-Llamas Manuel , Ramón José Enrique , Rubiano Francisco , Castillo Ángel , Martínez Isabel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Using recycled waste brine or recycled seawater as mixing water in concrete manufacturing and the cement production have led to an increase in CO2 emission, and thus, another alternative needs to be sought. This work was the first in incorporating 5%
$$\:{\text{C}\text{l}}^{-}$$
by cement weight (2.56 M NaCl) into mixing water blended with four different pozzolanic materials, examining its effect on fresh, 28-day hardened properties and the embedded reinforcing-steel (RS) corrosion. Results indicated that, with 5%
$$\:{\text{C}\text{l}}^{-}$$
, the slump flows of Portland cement type I (CemI), 8% CemI replaced by fly ash (CemI + FA), 8% CemI by silica fume (CemI + SF), and Portland cement type III (CemIII(slag)) at water/binder 0.55 were 193–223 mm, the bending and the compressive strengths were 4.43–7.12 MPa and 33.47–42.66 MPa, respectively, the porosities were 11.44–17.86%, the pore diameters were 0.024–0.026 μm and the bulk densities were 2087–2151 kg/m3. The chloride binding capacity was higher in CemI + SF (0.75%) and CemIII(slag) (0.74%) than in CemI (0.62%) and CemI + FA (0.63%). 5%
$$\:{\text{C}\text{l}}^{-}$$
encouraged the presence of an expansive gel sodium oxide (Na2O) in CemI (0.51%), CemI + FA (0.59%), CemI + SF (1.02%) and CemIII(slag) (1.27%) after 28-day curing. Due to better chloride binding in CemIII(slag), the RS mass loss was sequenced as CemIII(slag) (14.30 mg) < CemI + SF (51.30 mg) < CemI + FA (66.10 mg) < CemI (78.33 mg) at 430 days and the RS corrosion rate was CemIII(slag) (5.92 μm/year) < CemI + SF (6.54 μm/year) < CemI + FA (14.89 μm/year) < CemI (21.05 μm/year).
Early-life enrichment in American mink (Neogale vison): Enrichment of the perinatal environment improves maternal nest building and reduces stereotypic behaviour
Authors: Clark Gabrielle B , Díez-León María , Meagher Rebecca K 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Pens for farmed mink (Neogale vison) commonly include separate nesting areas to provide privacy and warmth in the perinatal period. However, standard bedding materials may not be sufficient to allow intrinsically motivated nest-building behaviours in dams. Further, these materials may not produce optimal nest structures for the rearing of kits. In the present study, we provided extra, relatively high-quality nest-building materials and a chewable sisal rope enrichment for mink dams in the perinatal period (a group enriched at whelping; EW). The effects of these enrichments on various measures of welfare and maternal behaviour were compared to those of mink dams in standard housing (SH) and mink dams whose kits were enriched later in development (EK). EW dams performed less stereotypic behaviour and built higher quality nests than dams of other housing conditions, although dams’ basal faecal cortisol metabolite levels (FCM) were not affected. The stress responsiveness of these dams’ offspring was later assessed by sampling FCM before and after a handling event, however, this event did not appear to induce a measurable stress response and thus no conclusions could be drawn regarding effects of perinatal enrichment on HPA-axis development. Overall, provision of higher quality nest-building materials and a chewable rope enrichment benefited dam stereotypic behaviour and nest building in the perinatal period. We present suggestions for future studies to further investigate whether perinatal enrichment can impact maternal care and offspring HPA-axis development in mink.
Meeting of the Minds: Reshaping Citizens’ Rights and Duties
Authors: Bambrick Christina , Stobb Maureen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
How might constitution-makers write “transformative constitutions”? Scholars and policymakers have looked to constitutional design as a mechanism for societal change, for example, promoting democracy, equality, and social rights. In these efforts, accountability has most often been limited to government actors. Yet, constitution-makers are increasingly introducing the “horizontal” application of rights, a potent tool for transformation whereby private actors also gain constitutional rights obligations. We argue that a key predictive element in introducing this mechanism is a meeting of the minds in constitution-making processes, where interests and mutual commitments from a broad cross-section of society are expressed at the negotiating table. We test our theory, employing cross-national data concerning the adoption of horizontal application over time, and examples from specific countries’ experiences. Our findings support our theory, suggesting that powerful articulation of interests by expert professionals in inclusive processes is a significant factor in reshaping citizen duties and, thus, transforming society.
Assessing Public Trust in Ghana’s Courts
Authors: Acheampong Joseph Ofori , Cann Damon M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Much of the research on public trust in courts focuses on countries with strong rule of law traditions and clear judicial norms. Less is known about such attitudes in young democracies with developing judicial institutions. To address this, we examine public confidence in Ghana’s court system. Ghana’s courts have faced various scandals, from judges’ personal conduct to separation of power conflicts. Using Afrobarometer data, we evaluate public attitudes toward Ghana’s courts. We find that Ghanaians generally have low trust in their courts, with factors such as partisanship, education, standard of living, and gender strongly influencing trust.
People with Libyan names in Mesopotamian texts
Authors: Karlsson Mattias 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In terms of foreign relations, ancient Libya is regularly tied to Egypt and Egyptology. It is rarely linked to Mesopotamia, the other great river-based civilization of the region. Nevertheless, there are a number of people with Libyan names mentioned in Assyrian-Babylonian texts. Proceeding from the premise that it is relevant to talk of a Libyan ethnicity also in this period of intermingling of Egyptians and Libyans and that personal names are meaningful and express identity on the part of the name giver, the people with Libyan names in question are presented and discussed from various biographic and demographic viewpoints in the present article.
The Turing heritage for plant biology: all spots and stripes?
Authors: Siero Eric , Deinum Eva E. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In ‘The chemical basis of morphogenesis’ (1952), Alan Turing introduced an idea that revolutionised our thinking about pattern formation. He proposed that diffusion could lead to the spontaneous formation of regular patterns. Here, we discuss the impact of Turing’s idea on plant science using three well-established examples at different scales: ROP patterning inside single cells, epidermal patterning across several cells and whole vegetation patterns. Also at intermediate levels, e.g., organ spacing, plants look surprisingly regular. But not all regular patterns are Turing patterns, careful observation and prediction of the patterning process—not just the final pattern—is critical to distinguish between mechanisms.
Translating Rousseau Between Venice and Istanbul: Enlightenment and Connected History in an Armenian Music Treatise (1812)
Authors: OLLEY JACOB 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis article discusses a music treatise written in 1812 by the Catholic Armenian polymath Minas Bzhshkean (1777–1851). The article focuses on the historical and intellectual context in which the idea of notational reform emerged within the Armenian diaspora. Bzhshkean was born in the Ottoman Empire but educated at the Mekhitarist monastery of San Lazzaro in Venice, which was the leading intellectual centre of the Armenian Enlightenment. By discussing Bzhshkean’s use of sources from multiple cultural and intellectual traditions (including European authors such as Rousseau), the article provides a new perspective on music and Enlightenment in global context.
Internationalist Islam and the Question of Palestine
Authors: Nasir M. Bilal 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Following the al-Qassam Brigade breach of the “Iron Wall” barrier, Muslim Americans participated in protest movements across the United States in support of Palestinian liberation. Many of the Muslim American youth involved in such spaces of have drawn on religion to advance the issue of Palestine in U.S. urban centers, such as Los Angeles. However, instead of invoking those iterations of American Islam emerging from West or South Asian communities, protestors have turned to Black Islam to forge an internationalist politics of solidarity. This essay examines events held in the aftermath of 10/7 in solidarity with Palestine at Islah, a predominantly Black American mosque located in South Central LA, to consider how Muslim Americans engage with Islam as an ethical and political site from which to launch critiques against Zionism and US imperialism. Specifically, it probes how Black Islam can be best understood as Internationalist or Third World Islam, which deems coalition-building with non-Muslims to advocate for the oppressed in the US and the Global South an Islamic virtue. Attending to invocations of Malcolm X, I document how Muslim Americans are increasingly looking to Black radicalisms by way of Islam to establish a revolutionary politics that links the dismantling of policing at home to decolonization abroad, most notably in Palestine.
$C^*$
-ALGEBRAS OF UNSATURATED FELL BUNDLES OVER ÉTALE GROUPOIDS
Authors: HOLKAR ROHIT DILIP , HOSSAIN MD AMIR 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Consider a possibly unsaturated Fell bundle

$\mathcal {A}\to G$

over a locally compact, possibly non-Hausdorff, groupoid G. We list four notions of continuity of representations of

$\mathit {C_c}(G;\mathcal {A})$

on a Hilbert space and prove their equivalence. This allows us to define the full

$\mathit {C}^*$

-algebra of the Fell bundle in different ways.
Clastic sedimentary record impacted by carbonate bioclasts in the Late Ediacaran
Authors: Osés Gabriel L , Afonso Jhon W L , Wood Rachel A , Freitas Bernardo T , Romero Guilherme R , Paula-Santos Gustavo M , Caetano-Filho Sergio , Pacheco Mírian L A F , Rodrigues Cleber L , Silva Tiago F , Amorim Kamilla B 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Clastic sedimentary systems and their characteristics are assumed not to have been modified by carbonate bioclastic grains until the Phanerozoic. Here, we show that the presence of carbonate bioclasts produced by disintegrated biomineralizing metazoans modified fine-grained siliciclastic facies in the Late Ediacaran Tamengo Formation, Brazil, ca. 555–542 Ma. The analysis of both polished sections and thin sections shows that sand-sized carbonate bioclasts (< 2 mm) derived from the Ediacaran metazoan Corumbella created diverse sedimentary features later found in the Phanerozoic record, such as bioclastic-rich horizontal and low-angle cross-laminations, erosive pods and lenses, bioclastic syneresis cracks, ripples preserved by bioclastic caps, microbial lamination eroded and filled with bioclasts, and entrapped bioclasts within microbial mats. These sedimentary features would have hardly been recorded in fine siliciclastic facies without the sand-sized bioclasts. Based on these features, together with other sedimentary evidence, Corumbella depositional settings in the Tamengo Fm. are reinterpreted as mid-ramp, subtidal settings. The multi-component organization of the skeleton of Corumbella favoured disarticulation to yield a sand-sized bioclast, so in turn creating a new complexity to shallow marine clastic settings typical of Phanerozoic marine depositional systems.
Norm expressivism and punishment in International Relations
Authors: Baciu Cornelia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Although expressivism has been studied in relation to criminal justice since the emergence of modern international criminal law, an expressivist perspective in norms and criminal justice research resurfaced in the past decades, inviting a new viewpoint on the dynamic interplay between norms and symbolic action in International Relations (IR). Situated as an account of punishment, expressivism has been criticised for being too abstract and lacking an immanent meaning or for its dialectic position in relation to punishment. Addressing this theoretical shortcoming, this article remediates our understanding of expressivism, establishing new knowledge of the meaning of norm expressivism in IR and clarifying the relationship between expressivism and notions of punishment in criminal justice and norm research. To this end, it hermeneutically deconstructs the rhetoric of country delegates at the United Nations in the aftermath of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine. It examines crucial examples of expressivism: disagreement pronouncements, denunciation of norm violation, postulation of guilt, and penal analogies. While criminal justice research posits expressivism as a distinct account of punishment, the novelty of this article consists in illustrating how, even in the absence of prosecution in the courtroom, expressivist rationales can have a reinforcing effect on the international legal order.
Theories of Ideology: Origins, Development, and Prospects
Authors: Buchanan Allen , Levinson Elizabeth 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis essay provides a comprehensive and critical introduction to ideology. It traces the origins and development of various conceptions of ideology, articulating both what they have in common and their differences. Among the distinctions that we develop are the contrasts between pejorative and nonpejorative conceptions, functionalist and causal conceptions, and conceptions that limit ideologies to supporting existing oppressive orders and those that allow for ideologies that challenge such orders. We also explain the role that ideologies can play in either preventing or facilitating social movements to overturn or improve existing institutions. The concluding section of this essay provides a list of important topics for future research on ideology and emphasizes that, in each case, an interdisciplinary approach is needed to understand them fully.