bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental Factors Influencing Stem Rot Development in Peanut: Predictors and Action Thresholds for Disease Management
Authors: Sanjel Santosh , Colee James , Barocco Rebecca L. , Dufault Nicholas S. , Tillman Barry L. , Punja Zamir K. , Seepaul Ramdeo , Small Ian M. 
Published: August 2023

Peanuts grown in tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions are susceptible to stem rot, which is a soilborne disease caused by Athelia rolfsii. Due to the lack of reliable environmental-based scheduling recommendations, stem rot control relies heavily on fungicides that are applied at predetermined intervals. We conducted inoculated field experiments for six site-years in North Florida to examine the relationship between germination of A. rolfsii sclerotia: the inoculum, stem rot symptom development in the peanut crop, and environmental factors such as soil temperature (ST), soil moisture, relative humidity (RH), precipitation, evapotranspiration, and solar radiation. Window-pane analysis with hourly and daily environmental data for 5- to 28-day periods before each disease assessment were evaluated to select model predictors using correlation analysis, regularized regression, and exhaustive feature selection. Our results indicated that within-canopy ST (at 0.05 m belowground) and RH (at 0.15 m aboveground) were the most important environmental variables that influenced the progress of mycelial activity in susceptible peanut crops. Decision tree analysis resulted in an easy-to-interpret one-variable model (adjusted R2 = 0.51, Akaike information criterion [AIC] = 324, root average square error [RASE] = 14.21) or two-variable model (adjusted R2 = 0.61, AIC = 306, RASE = 10.95) that provided an action threshold for various disease scenarios based on number of hours of canopy RH above 90% and ST between 25 and 35°C in a 14-day window. Coupling an existing preseason risk index for stem rot, such as Peanut Rx, with the environmentally based predictors identified in this study would be a logical next step to optimize stem rot management. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license .
Chirp-Evoked VEMPs: A Test-Retest Reliability Study
Authors: Reddy Tarryn Marisca , Heinze Barbara , Biagio-de Jager Leigh , Maes Leen 
Published: August 2023

Objectives:
To determine the test-retest reliability of cervical and ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (c&oVEMP) evoked by 500 Hz narrowband (NB) CE-Chirp and broadband (BB) CE-Chirp stimuli.

Design:
Twenty healthy participants (10 female) were tested twice on the same day to determine the within-session reliability and 1 week later to determine the between-session reliability. The latency, amplitude, and asymmetry ratio of c&oVEMPs elicited by 95 dB nHL air-conducted (AC) 500 Hz NB CE-Chirp and BB CE-Chirp were recorded bilaterally.

Results:
A moderate to good between-session reliability with intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values ranging from 0.52 to 0.82 was observed for cVEMP latency, amplitude, and asymmetry ratio evoked by 500 Hz NB CE-Chirp, as well as for the BB CE-Chirp cVEMP amplitude (ICC of 0.70 and 0.84). In contrast, an overall poor reliability ICC values between 0.30 and 0.42 for cVEMP latency and asymmetry ratio were observed for BB CE-Chirp. For the oVEMP, overall poor between-session reliability for all response parameters evoked by the 500 Hz NB CE-Chirp and the BB CE-Chirp was observed.

Conclusions:
The 500 Hz NB CE-Chirp was more reliable than the BB CE-Chirp in terms of cVEMP latency, amplitude, and asymmetry ratio. Further investigation using the standard electrode montage is necessary to assess the test-retest reliability of the chirp-evoked oVEMP.
Vasculitis and the NLRP3 inflammasome
Authors: Hamzaoui Kamel , Hamzaoui Agnès 
Published: August 2023

Purpose of review
Vasculitis are a group of heterogeneous conditions characterized by chronic inflammation of blood vessels, leading to tissue destruction and organ failure. Vasculitis is an inflammatory process in which immune effector cells infiltrate blood vessels and surrounding tissues. The involvement of inflammasomes seems to occur during inflammatory processes.

Recent findings
Studies have emphasized that genetic susceptibility is an important aspect of the pathogenesis of vasculitis. The innate immune system is a major contributor to these inflammatory diseases, suggesting that the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome plays a key role. NLRP3 activation causes the assembly of a large multiprotein and leads to the secretion of bioactive interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 as well as the induction of inflammatory cell death, termed pyroptosis. Accumulating evidence confirms the involvement of this cascade in sterile inflammatory diseases and other vascular diseases.

Summary
In this review, we will summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in vascular diseases, and discuss the potential of the NLRP3 inflammasome as a therapeutic target.
The Mini Bone Extra-articular Reconstruction System for Progressive Collapsing Foot Deformity—Surgical Technique With Cadaveric Quantification of Surrounding Anatomy
Authors: Wendler Derrick , Shofoluwe Ademola , Stewart Gary W. , Bailey Erroll J. 
Published: August 2023

We present a novel surgical technique, the mini Bone Extra-articular Reconstruction (BEAR) system, that involves minimally invasive all BEAR systems. The surgical technique was used to perform the medial displacement calcaneal osteotomy, Evans osteotomy, and Cotton osteotomy on 9 cadaveric feet under fluoroscopic guidance. We also present a case series of patients who have undergone the procedure. We first carefully dissected the sural nerve, superficial peroneal nerve, and its branches from each cadaveric foot and evaluated injuries following the mini-BEAR osteotomy cuts. We then measured and recorded the distance between the osteotomy cuts and these anatomic structures. We believe that this technique can potentially replace the multiple long surgical incisions with minimal ones.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV.
Management Strategies and Outcomes in Primary Liver Angiosarcoma
Authors: Ramakrishnan Neeraj , Mokhtari Ryan , Charville Gregory W. , Bui Nam , Ganjoo Kristen 
Published: August 2023

Objectives:
Primary hepatic angiosarcoma is a rare tumor of the liver that originates from endothelial and fibroblastic tissue, with poor prognosis and lack of standardized treatment. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of 23 patients with primary liver angiosarcoma treated at an academic sarcoma center.

Methods:
We screened all patients with primary liver angiosarcoma treated at Stanford between 2000 and 2022. Data was collected from EPIC electronic medical records and included patient demographics, tumor characteristics, treatment modalities, and patient outcomes. Statistical analysis was completed using Python 3.0, while survival curves were generated using the Kaplan-Meier method and Lifelines Packages.

Results:
There were nearly equal numbers of males (11) and females (12) in our study, with most patients aged 70 to 79 at diagnosis. The median overall survival (OS) was 6 months (range 0.07 to 222.6 mo). The 2- and 5-year OS were both 38.6%. 71% of patients received systemic treatment with chemotherapy, while 29% received immunotherapy. Local treatment with surgery or radioembolization was performed in 14% of patients. Three patients in our study displayed particularly improved OS and received various treatments, which ranged from hepatic resection to ipilimumab/nivolumab.

Conclusion:
Our study demonstrated that primary liver angiosarcoma has poor outcomes despite treatment. Surgical resection with negative margins is the only curative modality. However, most patients present with advanced disease and are not surgical candidates. Further research is needed to identify more effective systemic therapy options for this devastating disease.
Racial disparities in early pregnancy: a narrative review
Authors: Mogekwu Oluremi , Kapoor Swena , Carmichael Melissa , Egbase Elizabeth 
Published: August 2023

Purpose of review
This review introduces the recognized body of evidence on social determinants of health, which continue to show that a person's health is determined by their broader environmental and social context and that societal inequities harm health and healthcare outcomes. An area of inequity is race, which, although a social construct, has a significant impact on a person's morbidity and mortality as well as their access and experience of healthcare. Racial disparities in maternal and perinatal outcomes are widely recognized. Therefore, this review focuses on the less commonly addressed early pregnancy setting.

Recent findings
Health inequities are present in the early pregnancy setting, as racial disparities exist in early pregnancy presentations and outcomes. Black women have a higher incidence of miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy and poorer survival rates from gestational trophoblastic neoplasms. Asian women have a statistically significantly higher incidence of gestational trophoblastic disease.

Summary
The findings support the need for more consistent and detailed research on the impact of race on early pregnancy outcomes and increasing ethnic diversity among study populations for trials to ensure meaningful and applicable data. Raising awareness of this racial health inequity in early pregnancy is the first step clinicians can take to tackle this issue.
Assessing Adipocyte Viability and Surgeons’ Work Efficiency by Comparing Different Liposuction Methods
Authors: Urbonas Tautvydas , Kievišas Mantas , Petrikaitė Vilma , Gibieža Paulius , Baranauskas Gytis , Mištautas Tautvydas , Suslavičius Kristupas , Rutkauskas Irmantas , Stukas Darius , Jasukaitiene Aldona 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Autologous fat grafting is widely used in plastic and reconstructive surgery. Liposuction methods play a key role in surgeons’ work efficiency, adipocyte viability, graft survival, and outcomes. We investigated the effect of four liposuction methods on adipocyte viability, debris, and surgeons’ work efficiency by measuring the active energy expenditure and changes in heart rate.

Methods:
Human lipoaspirate was harvested from patients’ removed abdominal flaps using four different liposuction methods, and we counted calories per aspirated volume and surgeons’ heart rate. Adipocytes were separated from the lipoaspirate immediately by digestion with 0.1% type I collagenase. After digestion, parts of the cells and debris were measured. Adipocytes were plated in an adipocyte maintenance medium containing Alamar blue reagent. The adipocyte metabolic activity was measured using a spectrophotometer.

Results:
After evaluating the active energy expenditure and changes in surgeons’ heart rate, the ultrasonic-assisted liposuction (UAL) method was determined to be the most ergonomic liposuction device for surgeons. In addition, adipocyte viability was higher in the UAL group than in the other groups, and debris was the lowest in the power-assisted liposuction 1 group (PAL1).

Conclusions:
Adipocyte viability is crucial for improving fat grafting outcomes. This study revealed that the viability of adipocytes is best preserved using the UAL and PAL1 liposuction methods. The UAL and PAL1 methods caused the least damage to the cells. The UAL method yielded the best results for surgeons’ work efficiency.
Coronary artery calcium and sudden cardiac death: current evidence and future directions
Authors: Razavi Alexander C. , Whelton Seamus P. , Blumenthal Roger S. , Sperling Laurence S. , Blaha Michael J. , Dzaye Omar 
Published: August 2023

Purpose of review
To provide a summary of the current evidence and highlight future directions regarding coronary artery calcium (CAC) and risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD).

Recent findings
Although up to 80% of all SCD is attributed to coronary heart disease (CHD), the subclinical atherosclerosis markers that help to improve SCD risk prediction are largely unknown. Recent observational data have demonstrated that, after adjustment for traditional risk factors, there is a stepwise higher risk for SCD across increasing CAC burden such that asymptomatic patients without overt atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) experience a three-fold to five-fold higher SCD risk beginning at CAC at least 100 when compared with CAC = 0. Although the mechanisms underlying increasing CAC and SCD risk have yet to be fully elucidated, risk for myocardial infarction and scar, and/or exercise-induced ischemia may be potential mediators.

Summary
High CAC burden is an important risk factor for SCD in asymptomatic middle-aged adults, suggesting that SCD risk stratification can begin in the early stages of CHD via measurement of calcific plaque on noncontrast computed tomography. Despite the clinical inertia for downstream functional cardiac testing after detecting high CAC, comprehensive ASCVD prevention strategies should be the primary focus for SCD risk reduction.
Safety and cardiovascular effectiveness of olmesartan in combination therapy for advanced hypertension: an electronic health record-based cohort study
Authors: Kim Ju Hyeon , Joo Hyung Joon , Chung Se Hwa , Yum Yunjin , Kim Yong Hyun , Kim Eung Ju 
Published: August 2023

Objective:
Compared with placebo, olmesartan has been linked to numerical imbalances in cardiovascular mortality. There is a paucity of contemporary real-world evidence on this agent for different study populations. This study investigated the clinical outcomes of olmesartan and other antihypertensives in patients with advanced hypertension.

Methods:
This multicenter retrospective study used data from the Korea University Medical Center database, built from electronic health records. Patients prescribed at least two antihypertensive medications as a combined therapy were followed-up for 3 years. The primary outcome was a composite of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and hospitalization for heart failure. Adjusted outcomes were compared using propensity score (PS) matching.

Results:
Among 24 806 patients, 4050 (16.3%) were olmesartan users between January 2017 and December 2018. The average patient age was 64 years, 45% were women, and 41% had diabetes. Olmesartan users were younger and less likely to have diabetes mellitus or chronic kidney disease. In PS-matched cohort, the 3-year cumulative incidences of the primary outcome were similar between the two groups (P = 0.91). The cumulative incidence of MI at 3 years was 1.4% in olmesartan users (4.8 per 1000 person-years) and 1.5% in active comparators (5.2 per 1000 person-years; P = 0.74). Olmesartan also showed similar safety profiles, including acute kidney injury and newly started dialysis.

Conclusions:
In real-world practice, olmesartan use in combination therapy resulted in similar cardiovascular outcomes when compared with those of active comparators, and our findings did not show any conclusive evidence that olmesartan is harmful in patients with hypertension.
Examining the Association Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Lifetime History of Head or Neck Injury and Concussion in Children From the United States
Authors: Saadi Altaf , Choi Kristen R. , Khan Taha , Tang Judy T. , Iverson Grant L. 
Published: August 2023

Objective:
Our objective was to determine whether there is an association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and lifetime history of early childhood mild head or neck injury and concussion in a nationally representative US cohort.

Setting and Design:
This is a cross-sectional study using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (data release 3.0), a prospective investigation of child brain development and health.

Participants:
There were 11 878 children aged 9 or 10 years at baseline, recruited from 21 school-based sites in the United States. After excluding children with missing questionnaires for the primary exposure variable and children with severe brain injuries involving more than 30-minute loss of consciousness, the final sample size was 11 230 children.

Measures:
The primary exposure variable was ACEs. We measured eight ACEs: sexual abuse, physical abuse, emotional neglect, parent domestic violence, parent substance use disorder, parental mental illness, parent criminal involvement, and parent divorce. The primary outcomes were head or neck injury and concussion, measured using the Ohio State University Traumatic Brain Injury Screen-Identification Method Short Form.

Results:
The sample (N = 11 230) was 52% boys with a mean age of 9.9 years (SD = 0.62 years). The racial and ethnic makeup was reflective of national demographics. Having a higher overall ACE count was associated with higher odds of head or neck injury, with greater odds with more ACEs reported. Children with 2 ACEs had 24% greater odds of head or neck injury (AOR = 1.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06-1.45) and 64% greater odds of concussion (AOR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.18-2.22), and children with 4 or more ACEs had 70% greater odds of head or neck injury (AOR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.14, 2.49) and 140% greater odds of concussion (AOR = 2.4, 95% CI = 1.15-4.47). The individual ACE categories of sexual abuse, parent domestic violence, parental mental illness, and parent criminal involvement were significantly associated with increased risk of head or neck injury and parental mental illness with increased risk of concussion.

Conclusions and Relevance:
ACEs are associated with early childhood mild head or neck injury and concussion and should be integrated in head injury prevention and intervention efforts.
Prevalence and Correlates of VA-Purchased Community Care Use Among Post-9/11-Era Veterans With Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Govier Diana J. , Gilbert Tess A. , Jacob R. Lorie , Lafferty Megan , Mulcahy Abby , Pogoda Terri K. , Zogas Anna , O'Neil Maya E. , Pugh Mary Jo , Carlson Kathleen F. 
Published: August 2023

Objective:
Post-9/11-era veterans with traumatic brain injury (TBI) have greater health-related complexity than veterans overall, and may require coordinated care from TBI specialists such as those within the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) healthcare system. With passage of the Choice and MISSION Acts, more veterans are using VA-purchased care delivered by community providers who may lack TBI training. We explored prevalence and correlates of VA-purchased care use among post-9/11 veterans with TBI.

Setting:
Nationwide VA-purchased care from 2016 through 2019.

Participants:
Post-9/11-era veterans with clinician-confirmed TBI based on VA's Comprehensive TBI Evaluation (N = 65 144).

Design:
This was a retrospective, observational study.

Main Measures:
Proportions of veterans who used VA-purchased care and both VA-purchased and VA-delivered outpatient care, overall and by study year. We employed multivariable logistic regression to assess associations between veterans' sociodemographic, military history, and clinical characteristics and their likelihood of using VA-purchased care from 2016 through 2019.

Results:
Overall, 51% of veterans with TBI used VA-purchased care during the study period. Nearly all who used VA-purchased care (99%) also used VA-delivered outpatient care. Veterans' sociodemographic, military, and clinical characteristics were associated with their likelihood of using VA-purchased care. Notably, in adjusted analyses, veterans with moderate/severe TBI (vs mild), those with higher health risk scores, and those diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, substance use disorders, or pain-related conditions had increased odds of using VA-purchased care. Additionally, those flagged as high risk for suicide also had higher odds of VA-purchased care use.

Conclusions:
Veterans with TBI with greater health-related complexity were more likely to use VA-purchased care than their less complex counterparts. The risks of potential care fragmentation across providers versus the benefits of increased access to care are unknown. Research is needed to examine health and functional outcomes among these veterans.
Associations of Nightmares and Sleep Disturbance With Neurobehavioral Symptoms Postconcussion
Authors: Faerman Afik , Nabasny Andrew , Wright Brittany , Juengst Shannon B. 
Published: August 2023

Objective:
This study investigates the association of nightmares beyond general sleep disturbance on neurobehavioral symptoms in adults with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).

Design:
Secondary analysis of a concussion cohort study.

Participants:
One hundred and eleven adults older than 20 years with mTBI were recruited from a specialized concussion treatment center.

Main Measures:
Behavioral Assessment Screening Tool, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and self-report of nightmare frequency in the past 2 weeks.

Results:
Among adults with mTBI, nightmares accounted for the greatest amount of variability in negative affect (β = .362, P < .001), anxiety (β = .332, P < .001), and impulsivity (β = .270, P < .001) after adjusting for age and sex. Overall sleep disturbance had the strongest association with depression (β = .493, P < .001), fatigue (β = .449, P < .001), self-reported executive dysfunction (β = .376, P < .001), and overall burden from concussive symptoms (β = .477, P < .001).

Conclusions:
Nightmares and sleep disturbance are differentially associated with variance in neurobehavioral symptoms. Nightmares were independently associated with neurobehavioral symptoms representing an excess of normal functioning (eg, anxiety, impulsivity), while general sleep disturbance was associated with neurobehavioral symptoms representing functioning below normal levels (eg, depression, fatigue, self-reported executive dysfunction). Clinical and research implications are discussed.
UNILATERAL ROTH SPOTS AS AN INITIAL PRESENTATION IN ESSENTIAL THROMBOCYTHEMIA
Authors: Diala Fitz Gerald I. , Caleon Ramoncito L. , Mahdavi Fard Ali , Heilweil Gad 
Published: August 2023

Purpose:
To describe a 25-year-old female patient with unilateral Roth spots as the initial presentation of essential thrombocythemia.

Method:
Case report.

Results:
A 25-year-old woman presented with visual complaints of seeing flashing lights and mild blurred vision in her left eye. Dilated fundus examination revealed intraretinal hemorrhages with a pattern compatible with Roth spots. Further workup showed thrombocythemia with positive JAK2 (V617F) mutation, confirming the diagnosis of essential thrombocythemia. The symptoms and fundus findings resolved in one month after initiation of the treatment with low-dose oral aspirin. Essential thrombocythemia, which is defined as repeated platelet count of ≥450,000 per microliter without a secondary cause, can present with highly variable symptoms from being asymptomatic to chest pain, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, retinal vascular occlusion, and granuloma annulare. In the presented case, Roth spots hastened the need for more complete workup to determine the systemic cause of this ocular finding, ultimately leading to the diagnosis.

Conclusion:
Finding of Roth spots may warrant a systemic workup to find out the underlying pathologic condition, which in the present case was essential thrombocythemia, a potentially life-threatening condition.