bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing a comorbidity score in cancer patients using healthcare utilization databases during the COVID‐19 pandemic: An experience from Italy
Authors: Lasalvia Paolo , Trama Annalisa , Botta Laura , Franchi Matteo , Bernasconi Alice 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundA strong relationship has been observed between comorbidities and the risk of severe/fatal COVID‐19 manifestations, but no score is available to evaluate their association in cancer patients. To make up for this lacuna, we aimed to develop a comorbidity score for cancer patients, based on the Lombardy Region healthcare databases.MethodsWe used hospital discharge records to identify patients with a new diagnosis of solid cancer between February and December 2019; 61 comorbidities were retrieved within 2 years before cancer diagnosis. This cohort was split into training and validation sets. In the training set, we used a LASSO‐logistic model to identify comorbidities associated with the risk of developing a severe/fatal form of COVID‐19 during the first pandemic wave (March–May 2020). We used a logistic model to estimate comorbidity score weights and then we divided the score into five classes (<=−1, 0, 1, 2–4, >=5). In the validation set, we assessed score performance by areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and calibration plots. We repeated the process on second pandemic wave (October–December 2020) data.ResultsWe identified 55,425 patients with an incident solid cancer. We selected 21 comorbidities as independent predictors. The first four score classes showed similar probability of experiencing the outcome (0.2% to 0.5%), while the last showed a probability equal to 5.8%. The score performed well in both the first and second pandemic waves: AUC 0.85 and 0.82, respectively. Our results were robust for major cancer sites too (i.e., colorectal, lung, female breast, and prostate).ConclusionsWe developed a high performance comorbidity score for cancer patients and COVID‐19. Being based on administrative databases, this score will be useful for adjusting for comorbidity confounding in epidemiological studies on COVID‐19 and cancer impact.
A 3‐year analysis of the impact of COVID‐19 pandemic on NSTEMI incidence, clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes
Authors: Hyder Syed A. , Schoenl Samantha A. , Kesiena Onoriode , Ali Syed H. , Davis Kathryn , Murrow Jonathan R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe COVID‐19 pandemic has been associated with decreased incidence of acute coronary syndrome with worsened outcomes. Few studies have addressed the effects beyond the initial phases of the pandemic. This study elucidated the incidence, clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of NSTEMI at a tertiary referral center from sample time periods of 2019–2022.MethodsThis study included consecutive NSTEMI patients from March 14–May 9, 2019–2022. Variables included baseline characteristics, clinical features on arrival, management strategy, time parameters, and adverse outcomes. The primary outcome was defined as death, heart failure requiring diuretics, and/or sustained ventricular arrhythmia.ResultsThis study comprised 250 patients of whom 181 who were admitted during the COVID‐19 outbreak. Baseline characteristics were similar among groups. There was a reduction in door‐to‐angiography time from 29 h in 2019 to 19 h in 2020 [p = 0.01] and 20 h in 2021 [p = 0.02]. PCI intervention increased from 31.8% in 2019% to 50.0% in 2020 [p = 0.05] and 54.7% in 2021 [p < 0.01]. Median length‐of‐stay (LOS) was reduced from 3 days in 2019 to 2 days in 2020 [p = 0.03]. There was no significant change in outcomes in COVID‐19 cohorts compared to control year.ConclusionsNSTEMI patients during the first 2 years of the COVID‐19 pandemic were associated with reduced door‐to‐angiography times and increased percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and patients in year one were associated with reduced LOS. This study suggests that NSTEMI may be managed more efficiently thus reducing hospital bed utilization and potential costs.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Desulfinative Cross‐Coupling of Polyhalogenated Aryl Triflates with Aryl Sulfinate Salts: Inversion of Traditional Chemoselectivity†
Authors: Wang Miao , Yuen On Ying , So Chau Ming 
Published: December 2022

Comprehensive SummaryThis paper presents the first general examples of palladium‐catalyzed desulfinative cross‐coupling reaction of polyhalogenated aryl triflates with aryl sulfinate salts showing an inversion of the conventional reactivity order of C—Br > C—Cl > C—OTf. The catalyst system, comprising of Pd(OAc)2 and tBuPhSelectPhos, exhibited excellent catalytic reactivity and chemoselectivity toward this reaction. This reaction had a wide range of substrate scopes and provided a simple and efficient method for the construction of functionalized biaryl motifs. Notably, the C—H···Pd interaction from the methine hydrogen of the C2‐cyclohexyl group of the indolyl phosphine ligand with the Pd center may contribute a key factor in reactivity and chemoselectivity. Assisting with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the results revealed that the oxidative addition step in this reaction was a controlling‐chemoselectivity step.
Research on frequency band sparse optimization algorithm in health index of rolling bearing
Authors: Song Ren‐wang , Yang Lei , Chen Lin‐ying , Dong Zeng‐shou 
Published: December 2022

SummaryThe construction of health indicators of rolling bearing is significant for the monitoring of its health condition and residual life prediction. The main work is based on the frequency band sparse optimization algorithm in the rolling bearing health index. On the one hand, the index construction method based on machine learning model has poor interpretability; on the other hand, there are many interference components in the original vibration signal, extracting statistical features directly based on the original signal as a poor health indicator. For the above problems, this paper proposes a rolling bearing health index construction method based on sparse frequency band characterization. First, the signal including each independent sub‐band has been obtained by wavelet packet decomposition. Second, a sparse model is constructed by combining the sub‐band amplitudes and matrices decomposed by the wavelet packet in the fault state and the normal state, so as to select the frequency band sensitive to the fault information. Thereafter, the spectral amplitude sum of sensitive frequency band (SASSFB) is calculated as a health indicator that reflects the degradation information during the complete life operation of the rolling bearing. Finally, the effectiveness of the method is verified by utilizing the published bearing accelerated life experimental data set.
Uncertainty‐aware scheduling of real‐time workflows under deadline constraints on multi‐cloud systems
Authors: Xu Jin , Yu Huiqun , Fan Guisheng , Zhang Jiayin 
Published: December 2022

SummaryThe elasticity and pay‐as‐you‐go features of cloud computing are popular with customers, and more and more workflow applications are migrating to cloud platforms. Many workflow scheduling algorithms aim to obtain minimal rental costs. However, most of the existing research assumes that task execution time is deterministic. In fact, due to the performance fluctuations of VMs, the task execution time is uncertain before scheduling. Furthermore, many works ignore the cost savings given by multi‐cloud systems. To this end, this paper provides a scheduling framework for real‐time workflows. The framework includes four main components: the workflow analyzer, task pool, task allocation controller, and resource manager. Then based on the framework, we propose the RWSMC heuristic algorithm. The algorithm's goal is to minimize the total rental cost while satisfying the deadline constraints and ensuring the reliability of task execution. The RWSMC algorithm reduces the cost by selecting the appropriate billing mechanism based on the task's execution time and mitigates the impact of uncertain execution time by scheduling the task to the VM with the shortest predicted start time. Simulation experiments demonstrate that our proposed algorithm outperforms three recent state‐of‐the‐art scheduling algorithms in the total rental cost, deadline violation rate, and VM resource utilization.
Girl's and women's experiences of seeking mental health support for symptoms associated with psychosis. A narrative review
Authors: Roberts Sarah , Parry Sarah 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundWomen are more likely than men to experience symptoms associated with psychosis, such as voice hearing, and more likely to seek mental health support. However, little is known about the emotional experiences of girls and young women who seek help for symptoms of psychosis to inform gender sensitive services and access routes. The current review offers the first focused insights into barriers and facilitators relating to help seeking for girls and women experiencing symptoms of psychosis.MethodsOneSearch, PubMed, and PsychINFO databases were searched for suitable papers in relation to the research question between November 2021 and February 2022; 139 papers were found, of which eight met the inclusion criteria for review.ResultsAcross the eight papers reviewed, participants were aged 15‐ to 71‐years‐old. From the participant numbers available, data from a total of 54,907 participants from a range of demographic groups were included in the review. Results and findings sections from the eight papers were reviewed for themes, and four overarching themes emerged: (1) The emotional cost of seeking help, (2) voice hearing for girls and women, (3) side effects of treatment, and (4) facilitators to accessing support.DiscussionEngagement in talking therapies can be difficult when services minimize the experience of psychosis‐related symptoms. Women may be more likely to have their symptom‐related distress diagnosed as a mood disorder, rather than symptoms of psychosis being identified, preventing timely tailored intervention. Normalization, psychoeducation, social support, and validation were recommended as helpful interventions.
A guideline for the appropriate recognition of shared resource laboratories in publication
Authors: Ferrer‐Font Laura , Schmidt Alfonso , Ronchese Franca , Price Kylie M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe issue of what level of contribution warrants authorship, determining a fair order of authors and when and whom to acknowledge in publications is often a cause of debate, and in some instances, has also been a focus of conflict at certain institutions. Shared resource laboratories (SRLs) play a fundamental role in supporting publications, and SRL staff scientists can contribute to numerous areas such as experimental design, sample preparation, data acquisition, data analysis and manuscript drafting and review. However, SRL staff scientists are often unfairly omitted from the author list. To avoid SRLs and SRL staff scientist contributions going unnoticed, the authors have formulated a set of guidelines to aid in the conceptualization and recognition of the technical and intellectual contributions of SRLs. As a better understanding of the role SRL staff scientists play in the achievement of the scientific lead's experimental aims will foster a positive feedback loop, where acknowledgements can lead to more support and funding for SRLs and more engaged SRL staff capable of supporting discoveries and technological innovations that underpin major advancements in the field of life sciences.
Photoinduced α‐Alkylation of Tetrahydroisoquinolines with Organoboron Reagent Enabled by Organic Photocatalyst
Authors: Wang Pu , Meng Ke , Guo Shi‐Huan , Wang Meng‐Yue , Gao Ya‐Ru , Wang Yong‐Qiang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe describe an efficient method for α‐functionalization of N‐aryl‐tetrahydroisoquinolines under visible‐light‐irradiation catalyzed by organic photocatalyst. This protocol provides a concise and environmental approach for the rapid allylation and benzylation of N‐aryl‐tetrahydroisoquinolines, and shows broad substrate scope. Stable organoboron reagents have shown their ability in the construction of challenging Csp3−Csp3 bond. The load of the photocatalyst is low and the oxidant is inexpensive and less toxic.
Accounting for earthquake‐induced ground‐motion duration in building‐portfolio loss assessment
Authors: Otárola Kenneth , Gentile Roberto , Sousa Luis , Galasso Carmine 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEarthquake‐induced ground‐motion duration can have a non‐negligible impact on the nonlinear seismic performance of structures. However, in current seismic risk assessment practice, hazard and vulnerability analyses generally only consider ground motion's amplitude and frequency‐content features, often relegating duration to implicit considerations. This study introduces a simulation‐based framework to explicitly quantify the impact of ground‐motion duration on building‐portfolio direct economic losses. Case‐study synthetic building portfolios located at different distances from a case‐study seismic source (i.e., fault) are assembled considering – individually and in combination – three building typologies representing distinct vulnerability classes in Southern Italy. Such typologies correspond to non‐ductile moment‐resisting reinforced concrete (RC) infilled frames designed to only sustain gravity loads (i.e.,pre‐codeinfilled frames), and ductile moment‐resisting RC infilled and bare frames designed considering seismic provisions for high‐ductility capacity (i.e.,special‐codeinfilled and bare frames). Event‐based probabilistic seismic hazard analysis is performed explicitly simulating duration jointly with spectral‐shape‐related intensity measures (IMs), accounting for their spatial and cross‐correlation. Sets of ground‐motion records are selected to conduct cloud‐based nonlinear time‐history analyses (NLTHAs) and derive fragility models for each considered building typology through archetype structures, simulating their structural response using computational models that account for stiffness and strength cyclic and in‐cycle deterioration as well as destabilising effects. Fragility models are derived using average pseudo‐spectral acceleration (in a range of periods of interest) as the primary IM and alternatively: (1) the dissipated hysteretic energy as an engineering demand parameter (EDP), implicitly accounting for duration given the cumulative nature of such an EDP and the adopted nonlinear modelling strategy, in a scalar format; (2) the dissipated hysteretic energy as an EDP, as before, explicitly considering duration as an IM together with spectral shape, in a vector‐valued format. Vulnerability models are then derived using the fragility models and appropriate building‐level damage‐to‐loss models. The portfolio loss exceedance curves and expected annual losses computed for each combination of exposure, hazard, and vulnerability models are critically assessed and discussed. Depending on the portfolio's size, exposure composition, location relative to the fault, site conditions and the seismic source model, the impact of duration on the loss estimates can be significant. For the considered settings, relative variations up to 200% between the scalar‐ and vector‐valued‐based portfolios expected annual losses are observed, attaining the highest discrepancies as the fault‐to‐portfolio distance increases.
COVID-19 Lockdown Pandemic Period Effects in Highly Impacted Aquatic Ecosystems
Authors: Marcheggiani Stefania , Puccinelli Camilla , Chiudioni Filippo , Mancini Laura 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Human activities severely affect aquatic ecosystems: the lockdown restrictions due to SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) have proved that reducing anthropogenic activities can positively influence the environment and mitigate atmospheric pollution. In addition, studies on aquatic ecosystems have highlighted the decrease in suspended matter and pollutant concentrations associated with reduced marine transport and industrial activities. We evaluated the effects of the reduction of anthropogenic activities in highly impacted water ecosystems. Three of the sampling sites were on the Tiber River's lower stretch close to the urban area of Rome (Italy), and the other two were transitional waters located in the southern Latium region coastal area. These sampling sites have been studied by our research group for at least 20 years. The present study involved analysis of chemical and physicochemical parameters, biological communities, and land use. Microbiological fecal indicators and Salmonella spp. were also analyzed. There were two sampling campaigns, the first one in May 2020 (ID II) at the end of lockdown measures, and the second one a year later, in June 2021 (ID III). The data were compared with our old data, collected from 2002 to 2015 (ID I), to evaluate the potential effects of the restrictive measures. Biotic communities were dominated by pollution-tolerant taxa, indicating eutrophication and organic pollution. Furthermore, the high concentrations of microbiological indicators was mainly due to sewage from the urban area. The results of the research indicated no significant changes from past years (ID I) to 2020 (ID II) and 2021 (ID III). In conclusion, the restrictions adopted in Italy during the pandemic period were not sufficient to mitigate the heavy pressure of urbanization and agriculture that have long affected the studied aquatic ecosystems. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:966–977. © 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Development of machine learning models for the prediction of positive surgical margins in transoral robotic surgery (TORS)
Authors: Costantino Andrea , Sampieri Claudio , Pirola Francesca , De Virgilio Armando , Kim Se‐Heon 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurposeTo develop machine learning (ML) models for predicting positive margins in patients undergoing transoral robotic surgery (TORS).MethodsData from 453 patients with laryngeal, hypopharyngeal, and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma were retrospectively collected at a tertiary referral center to train (n = 316) and validate (n = 137) six two‐class supervised ML models employing 14 variables available pre‐operatively.ResultsThe accuracy of the six ML models ranged between 0.67 and 0.75, while the measured AUC between 0.68 and 0.75. The ML algorithms showed high specificity (range: 0.75–0.89) and low sensitivity (range: 0.26–0.64) in detecting patients with positive margins after TORS. NPV was higher (range: 0.73–0.83) compared to PPV (range: 0.45–0.63). T classification and tumor site were the most important predictors of positive surgical margins.ConclusionsML algorithms can identify patients with low risk of positive margins and therefore amenable to TORS.
Post‐graduate pharmacy fellowships: The current state of affairs
Authors: Elmes Abigail T. , Holger Dana J. , Cieslak Karolina , Desai Divya , Kunz Coyne Ashlan J. , Patel Vraj , Rodgers Jo E. , Jarrett Jennie B. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWhile pharmacy residencies are relatively unanimous in their focus on cultivating quality clinical pharmacists with exceptional clinical knowledge and practice skills, post‐graduate pharmacy fellowships offer training opportunities to develop skills for successful entry into other career types, with major differences between and within various types including pharmaceutical industry, clinical practice, academia/education, and other fellowship programs. In general, pharmaceutical industry fellowships are designed to prepare pharmacy graduates to primarily contribute to various aspects of pharmaceutical drug development and marketing with skills aligned with a specific functional area within pharmaceutical industry. Clinical practice, academia/education, and other research fellowships generally focus on developing research skills in targeted areas ranging from specific therapeutic areas, teaching and learning, or disciplines of research. Most fellowship programs provide training and experiences to develop vital translatable skills such as interpersonal, written, and verbal communication, time and project management, leadership, and teamwork. Conversely, fellowship training can differ considerably, even within individual fellowship types and programs, in specific purpose, structure, required activities, funding, collaborative affiliations, and the specific career a graduate may be qualified to pursue after program completion. The objectives of this article are to differentiate various types of post‐graduate pharmacy fellowship programs and to review strengths and potential areas for improvement across all post‐graduate pharmacy fellowship programs.
Characteristics of incarcerated women's participation in groups: Exploring the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies United States prison dataset
Authors: Hicks‐Becton Latasha Y. , Holman Leigh Falls , Harrell‐Williams Leigh 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study employs logistic regression and latent class analyses to explore the relationship between incarcerated women's (n = 252) participation in nonacademic prison groups/skills classes and their demographic (e.g., education) and prison context (e.g., time to release) characteristics, using the 2014 Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies United States prison dataset. Time to release was a significant factor in readiness class participation. Time to release and race/ethnicity were significant factors in addiction group participation. Education level had the largest effect size across all groups/classes explored. We discuss counseling implications for using group/class screening to connect with incarcerated women, especially those with intersecting and historically marginalized identities.
The capsaicinoid nonivamide suppresses the inflammatory response and attenuates the progression of steatosis in a NAFLD‐rat model
Authors: Wikan Naruemon , Tocharus Jiraporn , Oka Chio , Sivasinprasasn Sivanan , Chaichompoo Waraluck , Suksamrarn Apichart , Tocharus Chainarong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is relatively associated with comorbidities in obesity and metabolic inflammation. Low‐grade inflammation following the high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced NAFLD can promote the development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) through particularly liver‐resident immune cell recruitment and hepatic nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) pathway. Therefore, inflammatory intervention may contribute to NASH reduction. Pelargonic acid vanillylamide (PAVA) or nonivamide is one of the pungent capsaicinoids of Capsicum species and has been found in chili peppers. Our previous study demonstrated that PAVA improved hepatic function, decreased oxidative stress and reduced apoptotic cell death but the insight role of PAVA on NAFLD is still unclear. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the underlying anti‐inflammatory mechanism of PAVA in an NAFLD‐rat model. Male Sprague Dawley rats were fed with normal diet or HFD for 16 weeks. Then high‐fat rats were given vehicle or PAVA (1 mg/kg/day) for another 4 weeks. We found that PAVA alleviated hepatic inflammation associated with the reducing toll‐like receptor 4/NF‐κB pathway, showing significantly lower recruitment of cluster of differentiation 44. PAVA also maintained activity of insulin signaling pathway, and attenuated NOD‐, LRR‐ and pyrin domain‐containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome formation. NAFLD progresses to NASH through transforming growth factor (TGF‐β1), and also recovery to simple stage followed by PAVA suppresses pro‐inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐1β, interleukin‐6, and Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway. Therefore, our findings suggest that PAVA provides a novel therapeutic approach for NAFLD and slows the progression to NASH.