bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nudging cooperation among agents in an experimental social network
Authors: Jensen Gorm Gruner , Busch Martin Benedikt , Piovesan Marco , Haerter Jan O. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe investigate the development of cooperative behavior in networks over time. In our controlled laboratory experiment, subjects can cooperate by sending costly messages that contain valuable information for the receiver or other subjects in the network. Any message sent can increase the chance that subjects find the information they are looking for and consequently their profit. We find that cooperation emerges spontaneously and remains stable over time. In an additional treatment, we provide a non-binding suggestion about who to contact at the beginning of the experiment. We find that subjects partially follow our recommendation, and this increases their own and others’ profit. Despite the removal of suggestions, subjects build long-lasting relationships with the suggested contacts.
Acceptance and hesitancy of COVID-19 vaccine among university community members of Otukpo, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zakari Suleiman , Ogbu Celestine O. , Zakari Hajara , Chioma Eze Sabina , Ijimbili Samuel Bawa , Idoko Jennifer Ene , Emmanuel Andrew Oche , Nnenna Amuji Doris , Agwara Bright Chiaka , Adokiye Efere Sarah , Idowu Ayodeji Oluwafemi , Edegbene Ovie Augustine , Anejo-Okopi Joseph 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCoronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a global public health problem that has had a detrimental influence on the economy of countries of the world, including Nigeria: (1) Background: The study aimed to assess COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy among staff and students at Federal University of Health Sciences Otukpo, Benue State, Nigeria, while exploring the factors influencing these attitudes; (2) Methods: A web-based cross-sectional survey was conducted between November 2021 and April 2022, with data analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics; (3) Results: Of the hundred and fifty (150) completed and analysed questionnaires the mean age of the respondents was 34.8 ± 8.64 years, of which majority of them 80.0% (122) ranging between 16 and 45 years. The majority of the respondents 77.3% (116) have been tested for the virus to know their status. In total, 51.2% of trial participants indicated hesitancy to get the COVID-19 vaccine. The two most frequent reasons for hesitation were scepticism about the vaccination due to fast production and rollout (32.2%) and fear of vaccine side effects due to social media movements (23.3%). The most often cited reasons for not receiving the COVID-19 vaccination included uncertainty about its efficacy, a lack of knowledge about the vaccine, a preference for another kind of protection, and unreliability of the vaccine (due to its rapid development). Staff category (Academics, non-academics, students, and health workers), age, and religion were the significant associated factors influencing vaccine acceptance and hesitancy (P < 0.05); (4) Conclusions: The university community has a high level of awareness of COVID-19 pandemic but vaccine acceptance is low resulting high levels of vaccine hesitancy. These findings suggest that there is a need for further information and education on the COVID-19 vaccine, particularly in communities where vaccine hesitancy is prevalent. This can be achieved through targeted outreach programs, community engagement initiatives, and effective communication strategies that address the concerns and questions of individuals who are hesitant about receiving the vaccine.
Żuk’s criterion for Banach spaces and random groups
Authors: Oppenheim Izhar 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We prove a Banach version of Żuk’s criterion for groups acting on partite (i.e., colorable) simplicial complexes. Using this new criterion, we derive a new fixed point theorem for random groups in the Gromov density model with respect to several classes of Banach spaces (

$L^p$

spaces, Hilbertian spaces, uniformly curved spaces). In particular, we show that for every p, a group in the Gromov density model has asymptotically almost surely property

$(F L^p)$

and give a sharp lower bound for the growth of the conformal dimension of the boundary of such group as a function of the parameters of the density model.
Advances in the molecular neurobiology of posttraumatic stress disorder from global contexts: A systematic review of longitudinal studies
Authors: Womersley Jacqueline S. , du Plessis Morne , Greene M. Claire , van den Heuwel Leigh L. , Kinyanda Eugene , Seedat Soraya 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Trauma exposure is prevalent globally and is a defining event for the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), characterised by intrusive thoughts, avoidance behaviours, hypervigilance and negative alterations in cognition and mood. Exposure to trauma elicits a range of physiological responses which can interact with environmental factors to confer relative risk or resilience for PTSD. This systematic review summarises the findings of longitudinal studies examining biological correlates predictive of PTSD symptomology. Databases (Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science) were systematically searched using relevant keywords for studies published between 1 January 2021 and 31 December 2022. English language studies were included if they were original research manuscripts or meta-analyses of cohort investigations that assessed longitudinal relationships between one or more molecular-level measures and either PTSD status or symptoms. Eighteen of the 1,042 records identified were included. Studies primarily included military veterans/personnel, individuals admitted to hospitals after acute traumatic injury, and women exposed to interpersonal violence or rape. Genomic, inflammation and endocrine measures were the most commonly assessed molecular markers and highlighted processes related to inflammation, stress responding, and learning and memory. Quality assessments were done using the Systematic Appraisal of Quality in Observational Research, and the majority of studies were rated as being of high quality, with the remainder of moderate quality. Studies were predominantly conducted in upper-income countries. Those performed in low- and middle-income countries were not broadly representative in terms of demographic, trauma type and geographic profiles, with three out of the four studies conducted assessing only female participants, rape exposure and South Africa, respectively. They also did not generate multimodal data or use machine learning or multilevel modelling, potentially reflecting greater resource limitations in LMICs. Research examining molecular contributions to PTSD does not adequately reflect the global burden of the disorder.
Structure of the Assynt window, Moine Thrust Zone and relationship of thrusts to alkaline igneous complexes, Caledonian orogeny, NW Scotland
Authors: Searle Michael P. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe Moine Thrust Zone forms the Caledonian orogenic thrust front where the Moine Supergroup metamorphic rocks have been thrust westward across the Laurentia plate stable foreland, comprising Archean-Proterozoic granulite and amphibolite facies rocks (Lewisian gneisses), with unconformably overlying Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic Torridonian clastic sediments and Cambrian-Ordovician passive margin sedimentary rocks. Four major thrusts beneath the Moine thrust in the Assynt window include the (i) Ben More Thrust, which places the Loch Ailsh syenite intruded into Lewisian basement and Cambrian-Ordovician sedimentary rocks over the Sole thrust sheet, (ii) Glencoul thrust, which places Lewisian basement and folded cover rocks over Cambrian-Ordovician sedimentary rocks, (iii) Borralan thrust, which carries a large alkaline syenite intrusion beneath the Ben More roof thrust and (iv) the Sole thrust sheet, which carries imbricated Cambrian-Ordovician sedimentary rocks and lamprophyre sills over the stable foreland. Three further thrust sheets within the Lewisian basement gneisses are now recognised through restoration of balanced cross-sections, which were responsible for doming of the Assynt window. Although the Moine thrust is mapped as a single line on the map it encompasses, (a) deep ductile shear zone formed of mylonites derived from hangingwall Moine schists, footwall Cambrian quartzites and Ordovician limestones, and basement Lewisian gneisses, (b) roof thrust of the Glencoul and Ben More Thrust sheets and (c) brittle out-of-sequence motion where the Moine schists have been thrust over mylonites, which directly overlie the stable foreland (Knockan Crag).
Word segmentation from transcriptions of child-directed speech using lexical and sub-lexical cues
Authors: GORIELY Zébulon , CAINES Andrew , BUTTERY Paula 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe compare two frameworks for the segmentation of words in child-directed speech, PHOCUS and MULTICUE. PHOCUS is driven by lexical recognition, whereas MULTICUE combines sub-lexical properties to make boundary decisions, representing differing views of speech processing. We replicate these frameworks, perform novel benchmarking and confirm that both achieve competitive results. We develop a new framework for segmentation, the DYnamic Programming MULTIple-cue framework (DYMULTI), which combines the strengths of PHOCUS and MULTICUE by considering both sub-lexical and lexical cues when making boundary decisions. DYMULTI achieves state-of-the-art results and outperforms PHOCUS and MULTICUE on 15 of 26 languages in a cross-lingual experiment. As a model built on psycholinguistic principles, this validates DYMULTI as a robust model for speech segmentation and a contribution to the understanding of language acquisition.
MF, ZF, and MMSE filters for automotive OFDM radar
Authors: Benmeziane Bochra , Baudais Jean-Yves , Méric Stéphane , Cinglant Kevin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe delay estimation for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing automotive radars can be achieved through the use of different filters. This paper compares two of these filters, namely the matched filter and the zero forcing filter through two metrics, which are the peak to side lobe ratio and the integrated side lobe ratio estimated on their range profiles. The analysis is then extended to the minimum mean squared error filter.
Palmitic Acid Is Not a Proper Salinity Proxy in Baffin Bay and the Labrador Sea but Reflects the Variability in Organic Matter Sources Modulated by Sea Ice Coverage
Authors: Allan Estelle , Douglas Peter M. J. , de Vernal Anne , Gélinas Yves , Mucci Alfonso O. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPalmitic acid (PA) is ubiquitous in the biosphere and its hydrogen isotopic composition (δ2HPA) was proposed as a potential paleoenvironmental proxy for salinity, with δ2HPA values increasing with salinity. In this study, we analyzed 40 surface sediment samples from Baffin Bay and the Labrador Sea to examine the isotopic composition of PA in relation to local environmental variables, including salinity. In contrast to expectations, our results show a negative relationship between the δ2HPA and sea‐surface salinity, raising questions about its pertinence and usefulness as a salinity proxy. Instead, our results suggest that the relative abundance of distinct organisms that employ different metabolisms is the key in determining the hydrogen isotopic fractionations in PA. While we show that PA is mostly produced through photoautotrophic metabolisms by diatoms and dinoflagellates, varying contributions from heterotrophic metabolisms may obscure the stable isotope composition of PA. Surprisingly, we found no correlation between the stable carbon isotopic composition of the sedimentary organic matter (δ13Corg) and PA (δ13CPA), implying major differences in either the dominant organisms producing sedimentary PA or in carbon isotope fractionation during lipid biosynthesis. We also found that the presence of extended sea‐ice cover leads to enriched carbon and hydrogen isotopic compositions in PA. These enriched values suggest heterotrophic biodegradation in the water column and/or in the sediment as well as an increase in grazing activities. We propose that sea‐ice cover and surface water oxygenation modulate the relative impact of phototrophic and heterotrophic metabolisms, and therefore the isotopic composition of marine sedimentary PA.
Westward‐Propagating Disturbances Shape Diverse MJO Propagation
Authors: Wei Yuntao , Ren Hong‐Li , Duan Wansuo , Sun Guodong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUnderstanding eastward‐propagating mechanisms of the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) is of great importance for the subseasonal prediction of extreme weather and climate worldwide. Using global satellite observations and reanalysis data, this study unravels that dual combinations of strong/weak westward‐ (ISOw) and eastward‐propagating intraseasonal oscillation (ISOe) can shape diverse MJO propagations documented previously using clustering analysis. The dry ISOw signals from the Central Pacific strengthen the leading suppressed convection over the Western Pacific (WP) and, on the contrary, weaken the moist ISOe convection over the Maritime Continent. Thus, when ISOe is weak over the WP, the strong (weak) dryness of ISOw likely causes a jump‐like (stand‐like) MJO mode. In contrast, a propagating MJO is supported when ISOe becomes strong over the WP, and a further strengthening of the ISOw dryness will presumably accelerate MJO; moreover, a weakening of ISOw might slow down the MJO speed.
CBX4 deletion promotes tumorigenesis under KrasG12D background by inducing genomic instability
Authors: Chen Fangzhen , Hou Wulei , Yu Xiangtian , Wu Jing , Li Zhengda , Xu Jietian , Deng Zimu , Chen Gaobin , Liu Bo , Yin Xiaoxing , Yu Wei , Zhang Lei , Xu Guoliang , Ji Hongbin , Liang Chunmin , Wang Zuoyun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractChromobox protein homolog 4 (CBX4) is a component of the Polycomb group (PcG) multiprotein Polycomb repressive complexes 1 (PRC1), which is participated in several processes including growth, senescence, immunity, and tissue repair. CBX4 has been shown to have diverse, even opposite functions in different types of tissue and malignancy in previous studies. In this study, we found that CBX4 deletion promoted lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) proliferation and progression in KrasG12D mutated background. In vitro, over 50% Cbx4L/L, KrasG12D mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) underwent apoptosis in the initial period after Adeno-Cre virus treatment, while a small portion of survival cells got increased proliferation and transformation abilities, which we called selected Cbx4−/−, KrasG12D cells. Karyotype analysis and RNA-seq data revealed chromosome instability and genome changes in selected Cbx4−/−, KrasG12D cells compared with KrasG12D cells. Further study showed that P15, P16 and other apoptosis-related genes were upregulated in the primary Cbx4−/−, KrasG12D cells due to chromosome instability, which led to the large population of cell apoptosis. In addition, multiple pathways including Hippo pathway and basal cell cancer-related signatures were altered in selected Cbx4−/−, KrasG12D cells, ultimately leading to cancer. We also found that low expression of CBX4 in LUAD was associated with poorer prognosis under Kras mutation background from the human clinical data. To sum up, CBX4 deletion causes genomic instability to induce tumorigenesis under KrasG12D background. Our study demonstrates that CBX4 plays an emerging role in tumorigenesis, which is of great importance in guiding the clinical treatment of lung adenocarcinoma.
Oxytetracycline and heavy metals promote the migration of resistance genes in the intestinal microbiome by plasmid transfer
Authors: Lin Xiaojun , Zhang Chaonan , Han Ruiqi , Li Shoupeng , Peng Huishi , Zhou Xiao , Huang Lu , Xu Yanbin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) has been considered the most important pathway to introduce antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), which seriously threatens human health and biological security. The presence of ARGs in the aquatic environment and their effect on the intestinal micro-ecosystem of aquatic animals can occur easily. To investigate the HGT potential and rule of exogenous ARGs in the intestinal flora, a visual conjugative model was developed, including the donor of dual-fluorescent bacterium and the recipient of Xenopus tropicalis intestinal microbiome. Some common pollutants of oxytetracycline (OTC) and three heavy metals (Zn, Cu and Pb) were selected as the stressor. The multi-techniques of flow cytometry (FCM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), single-cell Raman spectroscopy with sorting (SCRSS) and indicator analysis were used in this study. The results showed that ARG transfer could occur more easily under stressors. Moreover, the conjugation efficiency mainly depended on the viability of the intestinal bacteria. The mechanisms of OTC and heavy metal stressing conjugation included the upregulation of ompC, traJ, traG and the downregulation of korA gene. Moreover, the enzymatic activities of SOD, CAT, GSH-PX increased and the bacterial surface appearance also changed. The predominant recipient was identified as Citrobacter freundi by SCRSS, in which the abundance and quantity of ARG after conjugation were higher than those before. Therefore, since the diversity of potential recipients in the intestine are very high, the migration of invasive ARGs in the microbiome should be given more attention to prevent its potential risks to public health.
Cross-cultural translation and modification of the revised oral assessment guide for oral health assessment by non-dentists
Authors: Limpuangthip Nareudee , Komin Orapin , Chaichaowarat Jumphitta , Phumkor Patthamaporn 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to conduct a cross-cultural translation of the revised oral assessment guide (ROAG) into Thai language and to modify the tool to increase its validity and reliability.

Materials and methods
The present study was a cross-sectional design conducted in dental and hospitalized patients, and community-dwelling people. The original English-version of the ROAG was translated into Thai, which was evaluated for validity and reliability. The tool was then revised to develop the modified ROAG for non-dentist (ndROAG) comprising 9 oral assessment categories with a three-level response; healthy, mild, and severe alteration. The criterion validity of the ndROAG was tested in 82 adult and older participants, and 46 non-dentists comprising dental assistants, dental hygienists, community health volunteers, and nurses, using a calibrated dentist as the reference standard. The ndROAG was translated back into an English version. The criterion validity was evaluated using weighted Kappa (Kw) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Internal consistency was determined using Cronbach alpha. The three-level response was dichotomized into healthy and changed to determine the sensitivity and specificity.

Results
The Kw values, ICC, and Cronbach alpha values of the ndROAG were higher than those of the pre-test ROAG. The sensitivity of the ndROAG in identifying the healthy and changed state ranged from 57.1 to 100.0% with the lowest value in the saliva category, whereas the specificity ranged from 90.9–100.0%.

Conclusion
The original ROAG was translated and revised into the ndROAG with improved validity and reliability. The ndROAG can be used by non-dentists to assess the oral health of adult and older individuals to detect oral changes, which includes self-care instructions and patient referral guidance.
CCL2-mediated inflammatory pathogenesis underlies high myopia-related anxiety
Authors: Zhu Xiangjia , Meng Jiaqi , Han Chaofeng , Wu Qingfeng , Du Yu , Qi Jiao , Wei Ling , Li Hao , He Wenwen , Zhang Keke , Lu Yi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHigh myopia is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. It may lead to emotional defects that rely closely on the link between visual sensation and the central nervous system. However, the extent of the defects and its underlying mechanism remain unknown. Here, we report that highly myopic patients exhibit greater anxiety, accompanied by higher CC chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) and monocyte levels in the blood. Similar findings are found in the mouse model of high myopia. Mechanistic evaluations using GFP-positive bone marrow chimeric mice, parabiotic mouse model, enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, etc., show that highly myopic visual stimulation increases CCL2 expression in eyes, aggravates monocyte/macrophage infiltration into eyes and brains, and disrupts blood–ocular barrier and blood–brain barrier of mice. Conversely, Ccl2-deficient highly myopic mice exhibit attenuated ocular and brain infiltration of monocytes/macrophages, reduced disruption of the blood–ocular barrier and blood–brain barrier, and less anxiety. Substantial alleviation of high myopia-related anxiety can also be achieved with the administration of CCL2-neutralizing antibodies. Our results establish the association between high myopia and anxiety, and implicate the CCL2-mediated inflammatory pathogenesis as an underlying mechanism.
The H163A mutation unravels an oxidized conformation of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease
Authors: Tran Norman , Dasari Sathish , Barwell Sarah A. E. , McLeod Matthew J. , Kalyaanamoorthy Subha , Holyoak Todd , Ganesan Aravindhan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe main protease of SARS-CoV-2 (Mpro) is an important target for developing COVID-19 therapeutics. Recent work has highlighted Mpro’s susceptibility to undergo redox-associated conformational changes in response to cellular and immune-system-induced oxidation. Despite structural evidence indicating large-scale rearrangements upon oxidation, the mechanisms of conformational change and its functional consequences are poorly understood. Here, we present the crystal structure of an Mpro point mutant (H163A) that shows an oxidized conformation with the catalytic cysteine in a disulfide bond. We hypothesize that Mpro adopts this conformation under oxidative stress to protect against over-oxidation. Our metadynamics simulations illustrate a potential mechanism by which H163 modulates this transition and suggest that this equilibrium exists in the wild type enzyme. We show that other point mutations also significantly shift the equilibrium towards this state by altering conformational free energies. Unique avenues of SARS-CoV-2 research can be explored by understanding how H163 modulates this equilibrium.
The genomic footprint of whaling and isolation in fin whale populations
Authors: Nigenda-Morales Sergio F. , Lin Meixi , Nuñez-Valencia Paulina G. , Kyriazis Christopher C. , Beichman Annabel C. , Robinson Jacqueline A. , Ragsdale Aaron P. , Urbán R. Jorge , Archer Frederick I. , Viloria-Gómora Lorena , Pérez-Álvarez María José , Poulin Elie , Lohmueller Kirk E. , Moreno-Estrada Andrés , Wayne Robert K. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTwentieth century industrial whaling pushed several species to the brink of extinction, with fin whales being the most impacted. However, a small, resident population in the Gulf of California was not targeted by whaling. Here, we analyzed 50 whole-genomes from the Eastern North Pacific (ENP) and Gulf of California (GOC) fin whale populations to investigate their demographic history and the genomic effects of natural and human-induced bottlenecks. We show that the two populations diverged ~16,000 years ago, after which the ENP population expanded and then suffered a 99% reduction in effective size during the whaling period. In contrast, the GOC population remained small and isolated, receiving less than one migrant per generation. However, this low level of migration has been crucial for maintaining its viability. Our study exposes the severity of whaling, emphasizes the importance of migration, and demonstrates the use of genome-based analyses and simulations to inform conservation strategies.