bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacterial extracellular vesicles: A position paper by the microbial vesicles task force of the Chinese society for extracellular vesicles
Authors: Wen Minghui , Wang Jingyu , Ou Zihao , Nie Guangjun , Chen Ye , Li Min , Wu Zhiwei , Xiong Sidong , Zhou Hongwei , Yang Zifeng , Long Gang , Su Jiacan , Liu Han , Jing Yingying , Wen Zhenke , Fu Yuxuan , Zhou Tieli , Xie Hui , Guan Wenda , Sun Xi , Wang Zhang , Wang Juan , Chen Xunxun , Jiang Linglei , Qin Xiaolin , Xue Yicong , Huang Mei , Huang Xinyue , Pan Ruoru , Zhen Haojun , Du Yuqi , Li Qianbei , Huang Xixin , Wu Yuanyuan , Wang Pingping , Zhao Kening , Situ Bo , Hu Xiumei , Zheng Lei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRecently, the interest in extracellular vesicles released by bacteria has rapidly increased. Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) have been involved in bacteria‐bacteria and bacteria‐host interactions, which strengthen health or bring about various pathologies. However, BEV separation, characterization, and functional studies require the establishment of guidelines and further optimization in order to stimulate the development of science in BEV research and a following successful transformation into clinical applications. This position paper is authored by the Microbial Vesicles Task Force of the Chinese Society for Extracellular Vesicles (CSEV) composed of experienced medical laboratory specialists, microbiologists, virologists, biologists and material biologists who are actively engaged in BEV research. Herein, we present a concise description of BEV research and discover challenges and critical gaps in current BEV‐based analyses for clinical applications. Finally, we also offer suggestions and considerations to improve experimental reproducibility and interoperability in BEV research to promote progress in the field.
The social determinants of mental health and professional counseling: A call to action
Authors: Lenz A. Stephen , Lemberger‐Truelove Matthew E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe live in a complex and interconnected world with individual‐ and community‐level development and well‐being shaped by numerous variables. Given this multi‐deterministic nature of development, counselors are called to integrate the social determinants of mental health (SDMH) into key activities including clinical assessment, case conceptualization, treatment planning, prevention programming, education and training, and scientific inquiry. We discuss the consistency between the humanistic roots of the counseling profession with its values for developmental, preventative, and wellness‐oriented care and practices associated with the integration of the SDMH. We also provide a supportive rationale for the integration of SDMH into counseling practice through review of several key concepts: (a) upstream, midstream, and downstream influences on mental health; (b) the social gradient of mental health; (c) integrating population‐level perspectives on mental health and mental illness; (d) the functional roles of protective and risk factors; and (e) embodying a justice‐ and equity‐focused orientation.
Beyond statistical significance: Five principles for the new era of data analysis and reporting
Authors: Wedel Michel , Gal David 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA crisis of confidence in research findings in consumer psychology and other academic disciplines has led to various proposals to abandon, replace, strengthen, or supplement the null hypothesis significance testing paradigm. The proliferation of such proposals, and their often‐conflicting recommendations, can increase confusion among researchers. We aim to bring some clarity by proposing five simple principles for the new era of data analysis and reporting of research in consumer psychology. We avoid adding to researchers' confusion and proposing more onerous or rigid standards. Our goal is to offer straightforward practical principles that are easy for researchers to keep in mind while analyzing their data and reporting their findings. These principles involve (1) interpreting p‐values as continuous measures of the strength of evidence, (2) being aware of assumptions that determine whether one can rely on p‐values, (3) using theory to establish the applicability of findings to new settings, (4) employing multiple measures of evidence and various processes to obtain them, but assigning special privilege to none, and (5) reporting procedures and findings transparently and completely. We hope that these principles provide researchers with some guidance and help to strengthen the reliability of the conclusions derived from their data, analyses, and findings.
Leaf and stem micromorphology of Jacquemontia evolvuloides (Moric.) Meisn. (Convolvulaceae) populations: New insights for taxonomic classification using light and scanning electron microscopy
Authors: Belo Deibson Pereira , Buril Maria Teresa , dos Santos Edinalva Alves Vital , Arruda Emília , Louzada Rafael Batista 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMorphoanatomical studies can provide useful and relevant information to support taxonomic groupings. Jacquemontia evolvuloides shows great morphological variability, which has led to numerous taxonomic classifications. To determine if anatomical characters can be used to recognize operational taxonomic units within populations of that species, we analyzed the leaves and stems of 22 populations using light and scanning electron microscopy. The variability of the analyzed characters allowed the grouping of these populations into five morphotypes. The presence of paracytic stomata, laticiferous canals, and stellate trichomes can be considered diagnostic characters of J. evolvuloides. The presence and types of epicuticular waxes, as well as a layer similar to palisade parenchyma in the petioles and stems, the classifications of glandular trichomes, and new types of stomata (anomocytic, anomotetracytic, and brachyparatetracytic) are reported here for the first time for Jacquemontia. The results discussed here help clarify the classification of this species complex and contribute to the taxonomy of Jacquemontia—a genus that has historically been difficult to define due to its wide morphological variation at the species level.Research Highlights
Seven types of epicuticular waxes were identified among J. evolvuloides specimens: granules, threads, entire platelets, coiled rodlets, fissured layers, membranous platelets, and tubules.
Six types of trichomes were observed among J. evolvuloides populations: stellate, malpighiaceous, sessile peltate glandular, short pedunculate glandular, stipitate‐glandular, and capitate glandular.
We observed that six populations of Jacquemontia evolvuloides located in the Brazilian Caatinga domain have unprecedented sessile peltate trichomes restricted to the main leaf midrib, which were only observed under light microscopy.
Stop, then go! Rapid acceleration offsets the costs of intermittent locomotion when turning in Florida scrub lizards
Authors: Walker Cheyenne A. , McBrayer Lance D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntermittent locomotion is a common locomotor mode in small vertebrates. Pausing is thought to aid in locating a predator or prey, enhancing crypsis, lowering energy costs, and/or maneuvering around obstacles or toward a refuge. Many lizards flee predators by turning into potential refugia and subsequently pausing, presumably to conceal themselves. Intermittent locomotion may be associated with turning by allowing an animal time to assess its surroundings and/or decreasing the likelihood of losing its footing. In this study, we quantify locomotor performance and the use of intermittent locomotion in Florida scrub lizards (Sceloporus woodi) when navigating either a 45° or 90° turn. Lizards paused in 92.91% of all trials, and yet despite pausing, instantaneous speed was not different entering or exiting the turn. This result suggests that turning comes at minimal cost to forward speed for lizards under these conditions. Pausing during a turn, however, did slow speed in the turn. Interestingly, the speed in the turn did not differ in trials with a pause before the turn versus trials without a pause. The angle of the turn also had no effect on whether lizards paused. We found that lizards increase peak acceleration following pauses to compensate for lost speed during the pause, providing a mechanism that may minimize negative fitness effects associated with slow running speeds and allow intermittent locomotion to be such a common strategy in lizards.
Clinical experience with glycerol phenylbutyrate in 20 patients with urea cycle disorders at a UK paediatric centre
Authors: Yeo Mildrid , Rehsi Preeya , Dorman Megan , Grunewald Stephanie , Baruteau Julien , Chakrapani Anupam , Footitt Emma , Prunty Helen , McSweeney Melanie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn urea cycle disorders (UCDs) ammonia scavenger drugs, usually sodium‐based, have been the mainstay of treatment. Increasingly, glycerol phenylbutyrate (GPB, Ravicti®) is being used but scant real‐world data exist regarding clinical outcomes. A retrospective study of UCD patients initiated on or switched to GPB was performed at a UK centre. Data on population characteristics, treatment aspects, laboratory measurements, and clinical outcomes were collected before and after patients started GPB with a sub‐group analysis undertaken for patients with ≥12 months of data before and after starting GPB. UCDs included arginosuccinate synthetase deficiency (n = 8), arginosuccinate lyase deficiency (n = 6), ornithine carbamoyltransferase deficiency (n = 3), and carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 deficiency (n = 3). In the sub‐group analysis (n = 11), GPB resulted in lower plasma ammonia (31 vs. 41 μmol/L, p = 0.037), glutamine (670 vs. 838 μmol/L, p = 0.002), annualised hyperammonaemic episodes (0.2 vs. 1.9, p = 0.020), hospitalisations (0.5 vs. 2.2, p = 0.010), and hyperammonaemic episodes resulting in hospitalisation (0.2 vs. 1.6, p = 0.035) reflecting changes seen in the whole group. Overall, patients exposed to sodium and propylene glycol levels above UK daily limits reduced by 78% and 83% respectively. Mean levels of branched chain amino acids, haemoglobin, and white cell count were unchanged. Two adverse drug reactions (pancytopenia, fatigue/appetite loss) resolved without GPB discontinuation. Patients/families preferred GPB for its lower volume, greater palatability and easier administration. GPB appeared to improve biochemical measures and clinical outcomes. The causes are multi‐factorial and are likely to include prolonged action of GPB and its good tolerability, even at higher doses, facilitating tighter control of ammonia.
Effects of sample mass and suspension salinity on particle size distribution in predominantly medium to heavy textured soils using the hydrometer method
Authors: Wuddivira Mark N. , Bramble De Shorn E. , Ramlochan Ananda , Gouveia Gregory A. , Francis Ronen C. , De Caires Sunshine A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundParticle size distribution (PSD) is a fundamental soil measurement that is crucial for agriculture, engineering, hydrological, and environmental applications as well as in basic research such as in developing water release curves in flow and transport modeling. The accurate determination of PSD, particularly clay content, is especially critical in ascertaining the magnitude and rates of many physical, chemical, and hydrological processes in soils. The accuracy of the hydrometer method for PSD, which relies on the settling velocity of soil particles in a soil suspension, could be affected by the density of the suspension, which in turn, depends on the initial sample mass, texture, and mineralogy of the soil.AimsWe hypothesized that (1) initial mass determines the concentration and the physical interaction of particles in a soil suspension and affects particle settlement, recovery, and the accuracy of the hydrometer method, and (2) the widely used initial air‐dry mass of 50 g underestimates the clay percentage of medium to heavy textured tropical soils. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of mass and KCl on clay recovery in tropical soils with varying texture and mineralogy using the hydrometer method.MethodsThe experiment comprised seven soils, four soil masses (10, 20, 30, 50 g), and two KCl treatments in a 7 × 4 × 2 factorial design replicated three times.ResultsResults showed a general trend of increasing estimates of clay % as the soil mass decreased from 50 to 10 g and the KCl concentration increased from 0 to 0.0025 M. This implies that using an initial sample mass of 50 g in sedimentation methods, underestimates, and 10 g overestimates the clay % in predominantly medium to heavy textured tropical soils. Interestingly, there was a drastic change in texture for most of the soils as the sample mass decreased to 10 g.ConclusionsWe conclude that the initial air‐dry mass affects the clay recovery of medium to heavy textured humid tropical soils. Results suggest that the ideal initial mass for these soils lies between 20 and 30 g. Furthermore, the mechanistic pathway that drives the observed decrease in clay recovery as soil sample mass increase could be due to the flocculating tendency of KCl.
Liquid biopsies for cancer: From bench to clinic
Authors: Chen Zhenhui , Li Chenghao , Zhou Yue , Yao Yinghao , Liu Jiaqi , Wu Min , Su Jianzhong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOver the past two decades, liquid biopsy has been increasingly used as a supplement, or even, a replacement to the traditional biopsy in clinical oncological practice, due to its noninvasive and early detectable properties. The detections can be based on a variety of features extracted from tumor‑derived entities, such as quantitative alterations, genetic changes, and epigenetic aberrations, and so on. So far, the clinical applications of cancer liquid biopsy mainly aimed at two aspects, prediction (early diagnosis, prognosis and recurrent evaluation, therapeutic response monitoring, etc.) and intervention. In spite of the rapid development and great contributions achieved, cancer liquid biopsy is still a field under investigation and deserves more clinical practice. To better open up future work, here we systematically reviewed and compared the latest progress of the most widely recognized circulating components, including circulating tumor cells, cell‐free circulating DNA, noncoding RNA, and nucleosomes, from their discovery histories to clinical values. According to the features applied, we particularly divided the contents into two parts, beyond epigenetics and epigenetic‐based. The latter was considered as the highlight along with a brief overview of the advances in both experimental and bioinformatic approaches, due to its unique advantages and relatively lack of documentation.
Pretreatment with Kahweol Attenuates Sepsis‐Induced Acute Lung Injury via Improving Mitochondrial Homeostasis in a CaMKKII/AMPK‐Dependent Pathway
Authors: Li Guorui , Fu Tinglv , Wang Wei , Xiong Rui , Liu Bohao , He Ruyuan , Xu Chenzhen , Wang Wenjie , Li Ning , Geng Qing 
Published: July 2023

ScopeIt is well‐established that dysregulated mitochondrial homeostasis in macrophages leads to inflammation, oxidative stress, and tissue damage, which are essential in the pathogenesis of sepsis‐induced acute lung injury (ALI). Kahweol, a natural diterpene extracted from coffee beans, reportedly possesses anti‐inflammatory and mitochondrial protective properties. Herein, the study investigates whether Kahweol can alleviate sepsis‐induced ALI and explore the underlying mechanisms.Methods and resultsC57BL/6J mice are intraperitoneally injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 12 h to induce ALI. Pretreatment with kahweol by gavage for 5 days significantly alleviates lung pathological injury, inflammation, and oxidative stress, accompanied by shifting the dynamic process of mitochondria from fission to fusion, enhancing mitophagy, and activating AMPK. To investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms, differentiated THP‐1 cells are cultured in a medium containing Kahweol for 12 h prior to LPS exposure, yielding consistent findings with the in vivo results. Moreover, AMPK inhibitors abrogate the above effects, indicating Kahweol acts in an AMPK‐dependent manner. Furthermore, the study explores how Kahweol activates AMPK and finds that this process is mediated by CamKK II.ConclusionPretreatment with Kahweol attenuates sepsis‐induced acute lung injury via improving mitochondrial homeostasis in a CaMKKII/AMPK‐dependent pathway and may be a potential candidate to prevent sepsis‐induced ALI.
Children's Oncology Group's 2023 blueprint for research: Radiation oncology
Authors: Kalapurakal John A. , Wolden Suzanne L. , Haas‐Kogan Daphne , Laack Nadia N. , Hua Chia‐ho , Paulino Arnold C. , Hill‐Kayser Christine E. , Hoppe Bradford S. , Fitzgerald Thomas J. ,   COG Radiation Oncology Discipline Committee
Published: July 2023

AbstractRadiation oncology is an integral part of the multidisciplinary team caring for children with cancer. The primary goal of our committee is to enable the delivery of the safest dose of radiation therapy (RT) with the maximal potential for cure, and to minimize toxicity in children by delivering lower doses to normal tissues using advanced technologies like intensity‐modulated RT (IMRT) and proton therapy. We provide mentorship for y ators and are actively involved in educating the global radiation oncology community. We are leaders in the effort to discover novel radiosensitizers, radioprotectors, and advanced RT technologies that could help improve outcomes of children with cancer.
The case study of a brittle failure of a mountain bike frame composed by carbon fiber reinforced plastic
Authors: El Hajjar Rani F. , Pegoretti Alessandro , Movchan Alexander , De Falco Paolino , Pugno Nicola M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA mountain bike carbon reinforced polymeric frame failed in two pieces during cycling over a grass meadow at a speed of about 25 km/h. This has caused the shoulder dislocation of the driver, also last author of this paper. Here, we demonstrate evidence of macroscopic numerous pre‐existing and propagating defects, such as wrinkles, voids and delaminations, resulting in low mechanical properties of this frame. Numerical dynamic simulations conclude the paper and suggest a further cause of frame weakening, due to defect‐resonance interaction. The paper suggests that the design of carbon fiber reinforced plastic frame for mountain bikes may require new scientific and technological advancements for the safety of the riders, at least today carefully eliminating pre‐existing defects and tomorrow proposing bioinspired flaw tolerant solutions.
Study on the evolution of impermeability and mechanical properties of epoxy composite coatings
Authors: Li Ji‐Qiang , Shang Jun‐Jun , Yang Qing‐Sheng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe permeation of marine water can lead to severe degradation of the protective properties of polymer composite coatings. At present, experimental studies on the anticorrosive and mechanical properties of polymer composite coatings are relatively mature, but the impermeability and mechanical property changes of the coating during the permeation process are challenging tasks to be studied only by experiments. In this paper, molecular dynamics (MD) models of composite coatings consisting of pure epoxy resin (EP), graphene/epoxy resin (Gr/EP), and graphene oxide/epoxy resin (GO/EP) were constructed respectively. MD simulations were performed to reveal the impermeability and mechanical property changes of composite coatings from an atomic perspective. The results show that GO has strong interfacial interaction with EP and the best effect to enhance the impermeability and mechanical properties of epoxy coatings. NaCl solutions can damage the coating microstructure and occupy the Gr and GO surfaces, causing them to no longer have an enhancing effect. The study of GO/EP coatings with different permeation degrees shows that the mechanical properties of the coating decrease as the penetration degree increases.
Individual placement and support: History, current status, and future directions
Authors: Drake Robert E. , Bond Gary R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOver the past three decades, Individual Placement and Support (IPS) has emerged as a robust evidence‐based approach to helping people with severe mental illnesses, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression, to obtain and succeed in competitive employment. This review addresses the history, principles, research, and future directions of IPS. It covers current evidence on employment outcomes, cost‐effectiveness, and nonvocational outcomes. It also describes current attempts to extend IPS to new populations. The authors provide an overview of numerous systematic reviews and meta‐analyses of randomized controlled trials involving people with serious mental illness. For studies addressing nonvocational outcomes and new populations, the review uses best available evidence. Published reviews agree that IPS enables patients with serious mental illness in high‐income countries to succeed in competitive employment at a higher rate than patients who receive other vocational interventions. Within IPS programs, quality of implementation, measured by standardized fidelity scales, correlates with better outcomes. Employment itself leads to enhanced income, psychosocial outcomes, clinical improvements, and decreased mental health service use. As IPS steadily spreads to new populations and new settings, research is active across high‐income countries and spreading slowly to middle‐income countries. IPS is an evidence‐based practice for people with serious mental illness in high‐income countries. It shows promise to help other disability groups also, and emerging research aims to clarify adaptations and outcomes.
Mechanical properties and weather stability of a novel nanocomposite coating based on fluoroethylene/vinyl ether copolymer and organically modified zirconium dioxide nanoparticles
Authors: Nguyen Thai Xuan , Nguyen Chinh Thuy , Ly Lien Thi Ngoc , Dao Hung Phi , Nguyen Hiep Anh , Hoang Dung Tran , Ngo Quyen Thi Cam , Thai Hoang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the effect of organically modified zirconium dioxide nanoparticles (m‐ZrO2 NPs) on the mechanical properties, morphology, and weather stability of fluoroethylene/vinyl ether copolymer (FEVE). To modify the surface of ZrO2 NPs, a 3‐(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate silane (TMSPM) organic coupling agent was utilized. The ZrO2 NPs were treated with 3 wt.% of TMSPM using a solution method with ultrasonication assistance at 50°C. Various amounts of m‐ZrO2 NPs (1, 2, and 4 wt.% of FEVE weight) were dispersed in a xylene solvent and mixed with FEVE resin. The mixture was then cured with polyisocyanate. The mechanical properties of the FEVE nanocomposite coatings, including impact resistance, adhesion, and abrasion resistance were measured. The morphology of the coatings was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). To evaluate the weather stability of the coatings, an accelerated weathering test was conducted in a QUV/SPRAY chamber. This test could potentially affect the chemical structure, weight/thickness, and surface characteristics of the coatings. The carbonyl index, weight loss, and changes in mechanical properties of the coatings were monitored and discussed at different intervals during the accelerated weathering test. In addition, the morphology of the coatings after undergoing 42 cycles of accelerated weathering testing was analyzed. The results indicated that m‐ZrO2 NPs had a positive impact on the weather durability of FEVE resin, particularly in significantly enhancing the weather resistance of the FEVE‐based coatings. Therefore, these coatings exhibit potential for outdoor applications.Highlights
Silane modified ZrO2 nanoparticles improve the mechanical properties of FEVE resin.
The weather stability of FEVE resin increases as using modified ZrO2 nanoparticles.
The suitable content of modified ZrO2 nanoparticles for FEVE resin is 2 wt.%.
Mechanical properties of the nanocomposite reduce slightly after 42 cycle testing.
Propose the mechanism for weather resistance of the nanocomposite coating.