bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Reactivity of Trifluoromethylthiophosphonium Salts†
Authors: Xu Wen‐Qi , Xu Xiu‐Hua , Qing Feng‐Ling 
Published: July 2023

Comprehensive SummaryThis article described an unprecedented synthesis of trifluoromethylthiophosphonium salts from allyl trifluoromethyl sulfoxide and phosphines in the presence of trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (TMSOTf) through Mislow‐Evans‐type rearrangement. The resulting trifluoromethylthiophosphonium salts were firstly isolated and fully characterized. These fluoroalkylphosphonium salts, as exemplified by trifluoromethylthio triphenylphosphonium salt (6a), exhibited unique and versatile reaction with nucleophiles and deoxygenative trifluoromethylthiolation reaction of carboxylic acids. Furthermore, the photoredox catalytic tunable radical hydrotrifluoromethylation and hydrotrifluoromethythiolation of unactivated alkenes with 6a was successfully developed.
Relationship between context‐free/in‐context spatial color preferences and color constructs: The extraversion personality trait dimension
Authors: Akbay Saadet , Demirbaş Güler Ufuk 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPersonality traits are considered the primary determinants of emotional and behavioral patterns of individuals within the built environment, influencing the experience of architectural space over their cognitive representation. Specifically, the dimension of extraversion within an individual's personality holds considerable predictive value in determining their attitudes toward the environment. Consequently, this study aims to investigate the influence of personality traits on color preference by comparing preferences for context‐free color samples and in‐context spatial colors among individuals exhibiting varying levels of extraversion. It also aims to ascertain the most accurate color‐construct scale for delineating individuals' preferences for in‐context spatial color. The study employed the International Personality Item Pool (IPIP) representation of lexical factor markers for the Big‐Five structure. For the study, 11 colors, referred to as basic color terms, were selected as stimuli. Data on color preference were obtained through a rank order test for 11 context‐free color samples and 11 virtual images of in‐context spatial colors, as well as ratings of in‐context spatial colors based on 14 color‐construct scales. Findings reveal the relationship between extraversion personality trait and color preferences, revealing distinct patterns between context‐free and in‐context color preferences. They also suggest the possibility of divergent preferences for in‐context spatial colors among individuals with varying levels of extraversion, with certain colors eliciting significantly different ratings on color‐construct scales. The study's findings shed light on the importance of personality traits in predicting the relationship between architectural spaces and colors, depending on individuals' personalities, particularly within design disciplines such as interior architecture.
Comparative Bioavailability of Two Daily Subcutaneous Doses Versus a Single Dose of Intramuscular and Vaginal Progesterone Formulations in Healthy Postmenopausal Females
Authors: Tanguay Mario , Cometti Barbara , Boudreault Sylvie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractProgesterone is a naturally occurring endocrine hormone. It is used for luteal phase support to improve success rates in assisted reproduction. This was a single‐center, comparative bioavailability, open‐label, randomized, 3‐period, 6‐sequence, crossover study to compare the rate and extent of absorption of subcutaneous (SC) progesterone 25 mg twice daily, versus vaginal (Vag) gel once daily (90 mg progesterone) and 50 mg of intramuscular (IM) progesterone injection once daily in healthy postmenopausal females. Eighteen healthy, postmenopausal, female nonsmokers aged 55–65 years were dosed. Data from 17 subjects who completed at least 2 study periods, including the test and 1 reference, were included in the pharmacokinetic analysis. The SC progesterone product administered twice daily showed a higher exposure than a single dose of the Vag formulation, with least‐squares mean (LSM) ratios (SC/Vag gel) of 219.7% for AUC0–inf and 391.8% for Cmax. The SC progesterone product administered twice daily showed comparable extent of exposure to that of the IM product, but showed higher peak concentration, with LSM ratios (SC/IM) of 92.4% for AUC0–inf and 138.0% for Cmax. Mean (SD) relative bioavailability (Frel) for SC/Vag gel was 449.6 (233.1)%, and for SC/IM was 92.3 (6.3)%. Mild injection site reactions were reported with similar frequency for SC and IM progesterone. With further research, twice‐daily SC progesterone may offer an alternative to existing available treatments for luteal phase support.
Theoretical Considerations for Optimizing the Use of Optogenetics with Complex Behavior
Authors: Glickman Bess , LaLumiere Ryan T. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOptogenetic approaches have allowed researchers to address complex questions about behavior that were previously unanswerable. However, as optogenetic procedures involve a large parameter space across multiple dimensions, it is crucial to consider such parameters in conjunction with the behaviors under study. Here, we discuss strategies to optimize optogenetic approaches with complex behavior by identifying critical experimental design considerations, including frequency specificity, temporal precision, activity‐controlled optogenetics, stimulation pattern, and cell‐type specificity. We highlight potential limitations or theoretical considerations to be made when manipulating each of these factors of optogenetic experiments. This overview emphasizes the importance of optimizing optogenetic study design to enhance the conclusions that can be drawn about the neuroscience of behavior. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Ribosome Profiling in the Model Diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana
Authors: Pichler Monica , Meindl Andreas , Romberger Markus , Eckes‐Shephard Annemarie , Nyberg‐Brodda Carl‐Fredrik , Buhigas Claudia , Llaneza‐Lago Sergio , Lehmann Gerhard , Hopes Amanda , Meister Gunter , Medenbach Jan , Mock Thomas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDiatoms are an important group of eukaryotic microalgae, which play key roles in marine biochemical cycling and possess significant biotechnological potential. Despite the importance of diatoms, their regulatory mechanisms of protein synthesis at the translational level remain largely unexplored. Here, we describe the detailed development of a ribosome profiling protocol to study translation in the model diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana, which can easily be adopted for other diatom species. To isolate and sequence ribosome‐protected mRNA, total RNA was digested, and the ribosome‐protected fragments were obtained by a combination of sucrose‐cushion ultracentrifugation and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for size selection. To minimize rRNA contamination, a subtractive hybridization step using biotinylated oligos was employed. Subsequently, fragments were converted into sequencing libraries, enabling the global quantification and analysis of changes in protein synthesis in diatoms. The development of this novel ribosome profiling protocol represents a major expansion of the molecular toolbox available for diatoms and therefore has the potential to advance our understanding of the translational regulation in this important group of phytoplankton. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol: Ribosome profiling in Thalassiosira pseudonanaAlternate Protocol: Ribosome profiling protocol for diatoms using sucrose gradient fractionation
Reflection of teachers' feelings of curriculum ownership in their curriculum definitions: The example of Estonia
Authors: Mikser Rain , Viirpalu Piret , Krull Edgar 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTeachers' feeling of curriculum ownership has been found to be crucial for predicting the success of educational reform initiatives. This study aimed to examine how teachers' feelings of curriculum ownership are reflected in their statements about what they mean by the term ‘curriculum’. We analysed written questionnaire responses from 760 schoolteachers across Estonia. Our qualitative content analysis demonstrated that almost half of the qualified responses defined a curriculum as a mandatory, prescriptive document which does not allow for teachers' high feeling of curriculum ownership. Nearly one‐third of the respondents expressed a moderate feeling of ownership, describing a curriculum as an external guideline but also seeing their own role as active in curriculum implementation. Only about one‐tenth of the respondents expressed a high feeling of ownership in their definitions. In the context of the recent history of curriculum policy in the former socialist European countries, we conclude that the overwhelming rhetoric of the early 1990s related to prioritising teachers' curriculum ownership was in practice quickly and successfully subordinated to globally rising regulatory policies that prioritised external evaluation, benchmarking and standardisation. We will discuss the mechanisms of this phenomenon and the potential avenues for enhancing teachers' curriculum ownership in the context of current education policy realities.
Ketoprofen in horses: Metabolism, pharmacokinetics, and effects on inflammatory biomarkers
Authors: Knych Heather K. , McKemie Daniel S. , Kass Philip H. , Stanley Scott D. , Blea Jeff 
Published: July 2023

AbstractKetoprofen is an anti‐inflammatory drug that is commonly administered to racehorses for the alleviation of musculoskeletal pain and inflammation. This study represents a comprehensive examination of the metabolism (in vivo and in vitro), pharmacokinetics and ex vivo pharmacodynamics, of ketoprofen in horses. The in vitro metabolism as well as specific enzymes responsible for metabolism was determined by incubating liver microsomes and recombinant CYP450 and UGT enzymes with ketoprofen. For the in vivo portion, 15 horses were administered a single intravenous dose of 2.2‐mg/kg ketoprofen. Blood and urine samples were collected prior to and up to 120 h post‐drug administration. Additional blood samples were collected at select time points and were stimulated with calcium ionophore or lipopolysaccharide, ex vivo, to induce eicosanoid production. Drug, metabolite, and eicosanoid concentrations were determined using LC–MS/MS. Incubation of ketoprofen with equine liver microsomes generated 3‐hydroxy ketoprofen, an unidentified hydroxylated metabolite, and ketoprofen glucuronide. Recombinant equine CYP2C23 produced the greatest amount of hydroxylated ketoprofen and recombinant equine UGT1A2 generated ketoprofen glucuronide. Dihydro, 3‐hydroxy, and glucuronide metabolites were identified in blood and urine samples. The Vdss was 0.280, 0.385, and 0.319 L/kg for total ketoprofen, S (+) ketoprofen, and R (−) ketoprofen, respectively. The mean half‐life was 6.01 h for total ketoprofen, 2.22 h for S (+) ketoprofen, and 1.72 h for R (−) ketoprofen. Stimulation of ketoprofen‐treated blood with lipopolysaccharide and calcium ionophore resulted in an inhibition of TXB2, PGE2, PGF2alpha, LTB4, and 15(s)‐HETE production for up to 120 h post‐drug administration.
Study and application of reasonable parameters for hydraulic punching of layer penetration boreholes in Changping Coal Mine
Authors: Min Rui , Chen Xiangjun , Wang Lin , Huang Zhen , Li Haitao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAiming at the application of hydraulic punching technology in soft, low permeability, and high gas coal seams in Changping Coal Mine, there are problems such as large workload, poor permeability enhancement effect, and the formation of “blank zones” in the pressure relief and permeability enhancement areas caused by workers' blind construction. By using a combination of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and on‐site practice, the threshold pressure for punching and breaking coal was calculated. The simulation analysis determined the reasonable key parameters for hydraulic punching through layered drilling, providing theoretical support for engineering applications; and the application effect of key parameters was investigated in the 5302 bottom extraction roadway of Changping Coal Mine. The research results show that the threshold value of incident pressure for punching and breaking coal in the No. 3 coal seam of Changping Coal Mine is 4.26 MPa, the reasonable hydraulic punching water pressure is 15 MPa, the punching angle is 60°, the diameter of the punching hole is not more than 0.8 m, and the punching time is 120 min; when the punching water pressure is lower than 4.0 MPa, effective coal flushing cannot be achieved. When the water pressure is between 4.0 and 15.0 MPa, the total amount of coal flushing is positively correlated with the punching water pressure; under the determined reasonable parameter punching conditions, the extraction influence radius is 8.9 m, the effective extraction radius is 5 m, and the average pure gas extraction volume is 0.089 m3/min. Under this parameter, hydraulic punching technology effectively improves the permeability characteristics of coal seams, which is conducive to long‐term gas extraction and has a significant effect on pressure relief and drainage promotion.
Concurrent carboplatin and paclitaxel definitive radiation therapy for locally advanced head and neck cancer
Authors: Han James , Zakeri Kaveh , Raab Gabriel , Hesse Jennifer , Shamseddine Achraf , Chen Linda , Yu Yao , Kang Jung Julie , McBride Sean M. , Riaz Nadeem , Tsai C. Jillian , Gelblum Daphna , Sherman Eric J. , Wong Richard J. , Michel Loren , Lee Nancy Y. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe report the outcomes of cisplatin‐ineligible HNSCC patients treated with definitive chemoradiation and concurrent carboplatin and paclitaxel.Materials and MethodsWe included consecutive HNSCC patients treated from 2013 to 2021 that received definitive chemoradiation with carboplatin and paclitaxel. Locoregional recurrences (LRR) and distant metastases (DM) were estimated using cumulative incidence functions. Progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using Kaplan–Meier methods.ResultsSixty‐five patients were identified with median age of 71 years (range 44–85). Median radiation dose was 70 Gy and the median doses of carboplatin and paclitaxel were AUC 1 and 40 mg/m2, respectively. At a median follow‐up of 29 (range 5–91) months, the 2‐year rates of LRR, DM, PFS, and OS were 8.8%, 9.4%, 72.2%, and 88.7%, respectively. In total, there were 5 LRR, 7 DM, and 12 deaths.ConclusionsChemoradiation with carboplatin and paclitaxel is an excellent option for cisplatin‐ineligible HNSCC patients.
Diabetic MAFLD is associated with increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma and mortality in chronic viral hepatitis patients
Authors: Kim Mi Na , Han Kyungdo , Yoo Juhwan , Hwang Seong Gyu , Zhang Xuehong , Ahn Sang Hoon 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMetabolic dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) can coexist with chronic viral hepatitis. MAFLD is a heterogeneous disease because the diagnostic criteria include various metabolic traits. We aimed to identify patients at high risk of poor long‐term outcomes based on MAFLD subgroups in chronic viral hepatitis patients. We evaluated 63 273 chronic hepatitis B and C patients. Patient with a fatty liver index ≥30 was defined to have hepatic steatosis. MAFLD was defined as the presence of hepatic steatosis with any one of the following three conditions, overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes or ≥2 metabolic risk factors. The prevalence of MAFLD was 38.4% (n = 24 290). During a median 8.8‐year follow‐up, 1839 HCCs and 2258 deaths were documented in MAFLD patients. Among MAFLD patients, diabetes could identify patients at high risk of HCC and mortality, whereas overweight/obesity and metabolic risk factors did not. Compared with non‐MAFLD patients, risk of HCC and mortality was significantly higher in diabetic MAFLD patients (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.26‐1.43 for HCC; aHR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.08‐1.22 for mortality). Risk of HCC and mortality was significantly higher in diabetic MAFLD patients (aHR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.26‐1.55 for HCC; aHR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.63‐1.93 for mortality) compared with non‐diabetic MAFLD patients. Diabetic MAFLD is associated with increased risk of HCC and mortality among chronic viral hepatitis patients. Our findings highlight the need for close surveillance and effective treatment for these high‐risk patients to reduce HCC and mortality in patients with chronic viral hepatitis.
Recent advances in BCRP‐induced breast cancer resistance treatment with marine‐based natural products
Authors: Kanoujia Jovita , Das Anjali , Raina Neha , Kaur Ginpreet , Singh Sandeep K. , Tuli Hardeep S. , Garg Ashish , Gupta Madhu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBreast cancer is the prominent cause of cancer‐related death in women globally in terms of incidence and mortality. Despite, recent advances in the management of breast cancer, there are still a lot of cases of resistance to medicines, which is currently one of the biggest problems faced by researchers across the globe. Out of several mechanisms, breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) arbitrated drug resistance is a major concern. Hormonal, cytotoxic and immunotherapeutic drugs are used in the systemic therapy of breast cancer. It is vital to choose drugs based on the clinical and molecular attributes of the tumor to provide better treatment with greater efficacy and minimal harm. Given the aforementioned necessity, the use of marine flora in treating breast cancer cannot be neglected. The scientists also stressed the value of marine‐derived goods in avoiding breast cancer resistance. Future research into the identification of anticancer drugs will heavily draw upon the marine environment's ample supply of marine‐derived natural products (MNPs), which have a wide range of biological functions. Cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis and anti‐angiogenic, anti‐proliferative and anti‐metastasis actions are all part of their processes. The overview of breast cancer, the mechanisms underlying its resistance, recent clinical trials based on marine‐derived products in breast cancer and the use of marine products in the treatment of breast cancer are highlighted in this paper. Moreover, the authors also emphasised the importance of marine‐derived products in preventing breast cancer resistance.
Modest Effects of Osteoclast‐Specific ERα Deletion after Skeletal Maturity
Authors: Doolittle Madison L. , Eckhardt Brittany A. , Vos Stephanie J. , Grain Sarah , Rowsey Jennifer L. , Ruan Ming , Saul Dominik , Farr Joshua N. , Weivoda Megan M. , Khosla Sundeep , Monroe David G. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTEstrogen regulates bone mass in women and men, but the underlying cellular mechanisms of estrogen action on bone remain unclear. Although both estrogen receptor (ER)α and ERβ are expressed in bone cells, ERα is the dominant receptor for skeletal estrogen action. Previous studies using either global or cell‐specific ERα deletion provided important insights, but each of these approaches had limitations. Specifically, either high circulating sex steroid levels in global ERα knockout mice or the effects of deletion of ERα during growth and development in constitutive cell‐specific knockout mice have made it difficult to clearly define the role of ERα in specific cell types in the adult skeleton. We recently generated and characterized mice with tamoxifen‐inducible ERα deletion in osteocytes driven by the 8‐kb Dmp1 promoter (ERαΔOcy mice), revealing detrimental effects of osteocyte‐specific ERα deletion on trabecular bone volume (−20.1%) and bone formation rate (−18.9%) in female, but not male, mice. Here, we developed and characterized analogous mice with inducible ERα deletion in osteoclasts using the Cathepsin K promoter (ERαΔOcl mice). In a study design identical to that with the previously described ERαΔOcy mice, adult female, but not male, ERαΔOcl mice showed a borderline (−10.2%, p = 0.084) reduction in trabecular bone volume, no change in osteoclast numbers, but a significant increase in serum CTx levels, consistent with increased osteoclast activity. These findings in ERαΔOcl mice differ from previous studies of constitutive osteoclast‐specific ERα deletion, which led to clear deficits in trabecular bone and increased osteoclast numbers. Collectively, these data indicate that in adult mice, estrogen action in the osteocyte is likely more important than via the osteoclast and that ERα deletion in osteoclasts from conception onward has more dramatic skeletal effects than inducible osteoclastic ERα deletion in adult mice. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Who prefers what? Correlates of preferences for next‐generation HIV prevention products among a national U.S. sample of young men who have sex with men
Authors: Biello Katie B. , Valente Pablo K. , da Silva Daniel Teixeira , Lin Willey , Drab Ryan , Hightow‐Weidman Lisa , Mayer Kenneth H. , Bauermeister José A. ,   the iTech Team
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionPre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has been available for young people for over a decade, yet only ∼15% of young people in the United States with indications for PrEP have a prescription for it. Next‐generation PrEP modalities may address some of the challenges of daily oral PrEP. However, preferences for these products are unknown.MethodsFrom October 2020 to June 2021, we conducted an online survey of 737 cisgender, young men who have sex with men (age 15–24 years) without HIV across the United States who reported same‐sex attraction or consensual sex with another man in the past 6 months. Participants completed a conjoint experiment comparing daily oral pills, event‐driven oral pills, event‐driven rectal douches, intramuscular injections, intravenous broadly neutralizing antibody (bnAb) infusions and subcutaneous implants. Participants ranked the products from most to least preferred. Exploded logit models examined the association between ranked preferences of PrEP modalities and socio‐demographic and behavioural characteristics.ResultsParticipants’ mean age was 21 years (SD = 2.3), and 56% identified as White. Nineteen percent were currently taking daily oral PrEP, and another 9% had previously taken it. Participants prioritized efficacy, absence of side effects and costs in the conjoint analyses. Daily oral PrEP had the highest preference ranking, followed by event‐driven oral (OR = 0.89, p = 0.058), injectable (OR = 0.83, p = 0.005), implant (OR = 0.48, p < 0.0001), bnAb infusions (OR = 0.38, p < 0.0001) and rectal douches (OR = 0.24, p < 0.0001). There were differences in PrEP preferences across age, insurance status, sexual behaviour, PrEP use history, HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing history, and STI diagnoses (omnibus tests: p < 0.05). Participants also provided reasons for selecting their top product choice: ease of use for those who chose daily oral (99%) and daily event‐driven (98.5%); feel more protected against HIV for those who chose injectable (95.4%) and implants (100%); not worrying about forgetting to take it for those who chose bnAbs (93.8%); and being able to stop taking it when they want for those who chose rectal douche (90.9%).ConclusionsNext‐generation modalities were less likely to be preferred over daily oral PrEP, with differences in the magnitude by socio‐demographic and behavioural characteristics. Given the low uptake of daily oral PrEP, end‐users’ preferences for and concerns about PrEP products must be understood to ensure high acceptability and penetration.