bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Prevalence of Prostate Cancer Among Young Men Below 55 Years of Age in Nigeria
Authors: Ntekim Atara , Folasire Ayorinde , Odukoya Oluwaponmile A. 
Published: May 2023

Introduction Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men. It was initially a disease of older men above the age of 55 years. Of recent, there has been reports of increase in the number of young men <55 years with prostate cancer (PCa). The disease in this age group has been reported to be more lethal because of aggressive characteristics and metastatic potential. Different populations have different proportions of young-onset PCa. The aim of this study was to determine the proportion of young men aged <55 years with PCa in Nigeria. Methods Data on the prevalence of young men <55 years with PCa was extracted from the 2022 report of the prevalence of cancer in Nigeria from 2009 to 2016 based on the records of 15 major Cancer Registries in Nigeria. This was a publication of the Nigerian Ministry of Health and represents the most up to date data. Results In 4864 men diagnosed with malignancies before age 55, PCa was the second common, following liver cancer. Out of a total of 4091 cases of PCa in all age groups, 355 were diagnosed in men <55 years representing 8.86%. Furthermore, the proportion of young men with the disease in the Northern part of the country was 11.72%, whereas in the South, it was 7.77%. Conclusions PCa is the second most common cancer in young Nigerian men aged< 55 years preceded by liver cancer. The proportion of young men with PCa was 8.86%. It is therefore important to consider PCa in young men as a different entity and develop appropriate ways to control this disease to ensure survival and good quality of life.
Endovascular Therapies Using Catheter-Based Thrombectomy or Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis for Acute Non-Cancer Associated Inferior Vena Cava Thrombosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Gong Maofeng , Zhao Qing , Jiang Rui , Liu Zhengli , Zhao Boxiang , Kong Jie , He Xu , Gu Jianping 
Published: May 2023

Objective: To investigate the safety and effectiveness of catheter-based therapy (CBT) compared to conventional catheter-directed thrombosis (CDT) for non-oncological patients with inferior vena cava thrombosis (IVCT), as well to evaluate the differences between CBTs using AngioJet rheolytic thrombectomy (ART) and large lumen catheter aspiration (LLCA). Methods: This retrospective single-center study included eligible patients with IVCT treated with CBTs coupled with/without CDT or CDT alone as the first-line treatment between January 3, 2015 and January 28, 2022. The baseline demographics, comorbidities, clinical characteristics, treatment details, course data were all reviewed. Results: A total of 106 patients (128 limbs) were included, with 42 cases were treated with ART, 30 with LLCA, and 34 with CDT alone. Technical success rates were 100% (128/128), and 95.5% (84/88) limbs treated with CBT subsequently underwent CDT. The mean duration of CDT time and total infusion agent dosage in patients with CBTs were lower than those who underwent CDT alone ( P < .05). Similarities were observed in ART compared to LLCA ( P < .05). At the end of CDT, clinical success was achieved in 85.2% (75/88) of limbs treated with CBTs and 77.5% (31/40) of limbs with CDT alone, and 88.5% (46/52) in ART and 80.6% (29/36) in LLCA. The 12-month follow-up showed slightly lower incidences of recurrent thrombosis (7.7% vs 15.2%) and post-thrombotic syndrome (14.1% vs 21.2%), which persisted in patients who underwent ART compared to LLCA (4.3% vs 12.9% and 8.5% vs 22.6%). Patients who underwent CBTs tended to have lower minor complications (5.6% vs 17.6%) but were at higher risk of transient macroscopic hemoglobinuria (58.3% vs 0%) and recoverable acute kidney injury (11.1% vs 2.9%) compared to CDT alone. These findings were similar in ART compared to LLCA (2.4% vs 10.0%, 100% vs 0%, and 16.7% vs 3.3%, respectively). LLCA seemed to have more hemoglobin losses (10.50 ± 9.20 vs 5.57 ± 10. 42 g/L, P < .05). Conclusion: CBTs coupled with/without CDT are safe and effective in patients with IVCT, reducing the clot burden in a moderate time, restoring blood flow rapidly, minimizing thrombolytic drug requirement and lowering minor bleeding complication compared to CDT alone. ART and LLCA have comparable outcomes but with different adverse event profiles.
Changes in fecal metabolic and lipidomic features by anti-TNF treatment and prediction of clinical remission in patients with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Kim Seok-Young , Shin Seung Yong , Park Soo Jung , Im Jong Pil , Kim Hyo Jong , Lee Kang-Moon , Kim Ji Won , Jung Sung-Ae , Lee Jun , Kang Sang-Bum , Shin Sung Jae , Kim Eun Sun , Kim You Sun , Kim Tae Oh , Kim Hyun-Soo , Park Dong Il , Kim Hyung Kil , Kim Eun Soo , Kim Young-Ho , Teng Dennis , Kim Jong-Hwa , Kim Wonyong , Saeed Maham , Moon Jung Min , Kim Kisung , Choi Chang Hwan , Choi Hyung-Kyoon 
Published: May 2023

Background: Therapeutic targets for ulcerative colitis (UC) and prediction models of antitumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy outcomes have not been fully reported. Objective: Investigate the characteristic metabolite and lipid profiles of fecal samples of UC patients before and after adalimumab treatment and develop a prediction model of clinical remission following adalimumab treatment. Design: Prospective, observational, multicenter study was conducted on moderate-to-severe UC patients ( n = 116). Methods: Fecal samples were collected from UC patients at 8 and 56 weeks of adalimumab treatment and from healthy controls (HC, n = 37). Clinical remission was assessed using the Mayo score. Metabolomic and lipidomic analyses were performed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry and nano electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, respectively. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis was performed to establish a remission prediction model. Results: Fecal metabolites in UC patients markedly differed from those in HC at baseline and were changed similarly to those in HC during treatment; however, lipid profiles did not show these patterns. After treatment, the fecal characteristics of remitters (RM) were closer to those of HC than to those of non-remitters (NRM). At 8 and 56 weeks, amino acid levels in RM were lower than those in NRM and similar to those in HC. After 56 weeks, levels of 3-hydroxybutyrate, lysine, and phenethylamine decreased, and dodecanoate level increased in RM similarly to those in HC. The prediction model of long-term remission in male patients based on lipid biomarkers showed a higher performance than clinical markers. Conclusion: Fecal metabolites in UC patients markedly differ from those in HC, and the levels in RM are changed similarly to those in HC after anti-TNF therapy. Moreover, 3-hydroxybutyrate, lysine, phenethylamine, and dodecanoate are suggested as potential therapeutic targets for UC. A prediction model of long-term remission based on lipid biomarkers may help implement personalized treatment.
Institutional Approach to the Budget Deficit: An Empirical Analysis
Authors: Arif Asma , Arif Umaima 
Published: May 2023

The objective of this study is to examine the factors affecting the budget deficit by using a panel dataset of 66 countries from 1996 to 2020. In the first stage regressions, the current study employs fixed and random effect models to estimate the impact of institutional quality and other economic variables on the budget deficit. In the second stage regression, pooled mean group (PMG) and mean group (MG) estimation method is employed for estimating the long-run and short-run coefficients for the effect of institutional quality and other economic variables on the budget deficit in a heterogeneous panel dataset. The empirical estimates confirm that GDP per capita is positively and significantly associated with the budget deficit in the long run. Further, inflation rates and trade openness also have positive and significant impacts on the budget deficit in the long run. Moreover, the results show that, in the long run, the population growth rate is negatively associated with budget deficit. As far as institutional variables are concerned, the empirical findings show that an increase in corruption in government institutions leads to a significant increase in the budget deficit. However, political stability, improved bureaucratic quality, democratic accountability and the rule of law lead to a reduction in the budget deficit. The current study will help policymakers and practitioners to better understand the determinants of the budget deficit and to design the policies for the improvement of institutional quality which, in turn, may control the level of a budget deficit. Jel Codes: H5, H6, H3, H4
Biomechanical Analysis of Lumbar Interbody Fusion Cages With Various Elastic Moduli in Osteoporotic and Non-osteoporotic Lumbar Spine: A Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Zou Da , Yue Lihao , Fan Zheyu , Zhao Yi , Leng Huijie , Sun Zhuoran , Li Weishi 
Published: May 2023

Study Design Finite element analysis (FEA). Objective This study aimed to explore the effects of cage elastic modulus (Cage-E) on the endplate stress in different bone conditions: osteoporosis (OP) and non-osteoporosis (non-OP). We also explored the correlation between endplate thickness and endplate stress. Methods The FEA models of L4-L5 with lumbar interbody fusion were designed to access the effects of Cage-E on the endplate stress in different bone conditions. Two groups of the Young’s moduli of bony structure were assigned to simulate the conditions of OP and non-OP, and the bony endplates were analyzed in 2 kinds of thicknesses: .5 mm and 1.0 mm, with the insertion of cages with different Young’s moduli including .5, 1.5, 3, 5, 10, and 20 GPa. After model validation, an axial compressive load of 400 N and a flexion/extension moment of 7.5Nm was performed on the superior surface of L4 vertebral body in order to analyze the distribution of stress. Results The maximum Von Mises stress in the endplates increased by up to 100% in the OP model compared with non-OP model under the same condition of cage-E and endplate thickness. In both OP and non-OP models, the maximum endplate stress decreased as the cage-E decreased, but the maximum stress in the lumbar posterior fixation increased as the cage-E decreased. Thinner endplate thickness was associated with increased endplate stress. Conclusion The endplate stress is higher in osteoporotic bone than non-osteoporotic bone, which explains part of the mechanism of OP-related cage subsidence. It is reasonable to reduce the endplate stress by reducing the cage-E, but we should balance the risk of fixation failure. Endplate thickness is also important when evaluating the cage subsidence risk.
Cartilage Restoration for Isolated Patellar Chondral Defects: An Updated Systematic Review
Authors: Ginesin Eyal , Chari Nikil S. , Barnhart Jacob , Wojnowski Natalia , Patel Ronak M. 
Published: May 2023

Background: Patellar chondral lesions can be particularly challenging to manage in younger and more active populations. Purpose: To synthesize, organize, and summarize the results and complication rates of various patellar cartilage restoration techniques. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: We performed this systematic review according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines using the Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane databases. Studies were included that reported on surgical treatment of patellar chondral defects with ≥5 patients and 12 months of follow-up data. Relevant demographic data from the included studies were extracted, and patient-reported outcome scores, visual analog scale for pain results, return-to-sport rate, complications, and concomitant procedures were documented. Results: There were 24 studies that met the inclusion criteria, with a total of 575 patients (male, n = 239; female, n = 336). In total, 6 surgical techniques were utilized. In 9 studies, the surgical procedure of choice was osteochondral autograft transplantation (OAT); 8 studies evaluated autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI); 3 evaluated advanced microfracture/autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis; 1 evaluated osteochondral allograft transplantation (OCA); 1 evaluated particulate juvenile articulated cartilage; and 2 evaluated a synthetic osteochondral graft. No uniform functional outcome score or assessment was utilized across studies. OAT was predominantly used for smaller chondral lesions (<2 cm2) and demonstrated minimal complication rates and satisfactory outcome scores. Advanced microfracture techniques showed promise, with improvement in outcome scores and zero complications. Matrix-induced ACI consistently exhibited higher mean improvement in the measured outcome scores and resulted in fewer complications when compared with previous generations of ACI. Conclusion: OAT and ACI were the most studied procedures for isolated patellar chondral defects. Advanced microfracture techniques showed promise, but indications (ie, size) and variability in techniques need to be elucidated in higher-level studies. Further prospective studies comparing OCA and matrix-induced ACI for larger patellar defects are necessary to determine the superior technique.
Return to Sport and Patient-Reported Outcomes After Subpectoral Biceps Tenodesis for SLAP Tear in Collegiate Gymnasts
Authors: Ulrich Marisa N. , Cvetanovich Gregory L. , Meeks Brett D. , Jones Grant L. 
Published: May 2023

Background: The biceps superior labral complex is a known source of shoulder dysfunction in young, high-level athletes. Superior labral anterior-posterior (SLAP) repairs are often unsatisfactory for treating biceps-labral pathology in this demographic group, with high failure rates and poor return to sport (RTS). Minimal data have been published to demonstrate patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and RTS in gymnasts after treatment of SLAP pathologies. Hypothesis: Gymnasts undergoing biceps tenodesis for SLAP pathologies would have satisfactory PROs and satisfactory RTS. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Gymnasts aged ≤25 years who underwent open subpectoral biceps tenodesis for SLAP tears with or without biceps tendon pathology between August 20, 2014, and August 20, 2019, and who had minimum 2-year follow-up data were included in this study. Tenodesis was performed using a subpectoral technique with bicortical button fixation. The following PROs were included: RTS, postoperative activity level, 10-point visual analog scale for pain (VAS–Pain), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES), and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) scores. Results: Of 16 shoulders in 14 gymnasts undergoing biceps tenodesis for SLAP tear during the study period, a follow-up was obtained for 13 of 16 shoulders (81%) at 4.3 ± 1.5 years. The mean age of patients at the time of surgery was 21.8 ± 2.2 years, with 12 (92%) male patients. Biceps tenodesis was performed as the primary procedure for the diagnosis of SLAP tear in 12 patients (92%) and for failed prior SLAP repair in 1 patient (8%). PROs were excellent at the follow-up, with VAS–Pain scores of 1.8 ± 1.7, ASES scores of 89.1 ± 9.1, and DASH scores of 2.4 ± 3.2. After surgery, 8 (62%) patients returned to their prior level of collegiate gymnastics. Three (60%) of 5 patients did not return to collegiate gymnastics because of the end of eligibility, and 2 (40%) patients did not return to collegiate gymnastics because of knee injuries. Significantly higher DASH scores were noted in the group that did not RTS ( P = .04). No patients experienced postoperative complications or reoperation. Conclusion: Biceps tenodesis was an effective primary operation for high-level gymnasts with SLAP tears, with a satisfactory rate of return to the same level of sport and excellent PROs.
Preparing a Workforce of Care Coordinators to Address Patient Mental Health Needs in the Digital Age: Training and Needs Identification
Authors: Meyerhoff Jonah , Kruzan Kaylee P. , Reddy Madhu , Mohr David C. , Lattie Emily G. 
Published: May 2023

Introduction Care coordinators (CCs) are specialized healthcare providers and often the primary point of contact for patients with multiple medical and mental health comorbidities in integrated healthcare settings. Prior work shows CCs have lower comfort addressing mental health than physical health concerns. Digital mental health interventions can support CCs’ management of patient mental health needs, but training gaps must be addressed prior to a digital mental health intervention's implementation. Methods As part of a quality improvement initiative, a 1-hour training focused on the assessment and management of depression and suicide-related thoughts and behaviors was delivered to CCs within a large midwestern healthcare system's Division of Ambulatory Care Coordination. CCs completed online surveys prior to and following the training. Conclusion Training resulted in increased comfort working with clinical populations, including patients who experience suicide-related thoughts and behaviors. Gains around screening for suicide risk were modest. Brief trainings for CCs can address training gaps, however, ongoing training and case consultation may also be indicated.
Toward microfluidic SERS and EC-SERS applications via tunable gold films over nanospheres
Authors: Falamas Alexandra , Cuibus Denisa , Tosa Nicoleta , Brezestean Ioana , Muntean Cristina M. , Milenko Karolina , Vereshchagina Elizaveta , Moldovan Rebeca , Bodoki Ede , Farcau Cosmin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMany promising applications of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), such as microfluidic SERS and electrochemical (EC)-SERS, require immersion of plasmonic nanostructured films in aqueous media. Correlational investigations of the optical response and SERS efficiency of solid SERS substrates immersed in water are absent in the literature. This work presents an approach for tuning the efficiency of gold films over nanospheres (AuFoN) as SERS substrates for applications in aqueous environment. AuFoN are fabricated by convective self-assembly of colloidal polystyrene nanospheres of various diameters (300–800 nm), followed by magnetron sputtering of gold films. The optical reflectance of the AuFoN and Finite-Difference Time-Domain simulations in both water and air reveal the dependence of the surface plasmon band on nanospheres’ diameter and environment. SERS enhancement of a common Raman reporter on AuFoN immersed in water is analyzed under 785 nm laser excitation, but also using the 633 nm line for the films in air. The provided correlations between the SERS efficiency and optical response in both air and water indicate the best structural parameters for high SERS efficiency and highlight a route for predicting and optimizing the SERS response of AuFoN in water based on the behavior in air, which is more practical. Finally, the AuFoN are successfully tested as electrodes for EC-SERS detection of the thiabendazole pesticide and as SERS substrates integrated in a flow-through microchannel format. The obtained results represent an important step toward the development of microfluidic EC-SERS devices for sensing applications.
Study on clinical outcomes between non-transecting urethroplasty and lingual mucosal urethroplasty for iatrogenic bulbar urethral stricture treatment
Authors: Le Wei , Wu Denglong , Xu Chengdang , Zhou Weidong , Li Chao 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of non-transecting urethroplasty and lingual mucosal urethroplasty in the treatment of iatrogenic bulbar urethral stricture.

Results
A total of 25 patients with iatrogenic bulbar urethral stricture were enrolled, 12 of whom underwent lingual mucosal urethroplasty, 13 patients who underwent non-transecting urethroplasty. All patients were followed-up and evaluated at 3 postoperative months. Evaluations included urethrography, maximum urine flow rate (Qmax), nocturnal erectile function testing, International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) assessment, and Anxiety Related Scale (SAS) assessment. In terms of operation time, there was a significant difference between non-transecting urethroplasty and lingual mucosal urethroplasty. However, there was no significant intergroup difference in intraoperative blood loss. Both techniques were associated with significantly improved Qmax relative to preoperative rates, but there was no significant difference between the groups in this regard over 3 months of postoperative follow-up. Nocturnal penile tumescence and rigidity results showed that there was no significant change in tip hardness after surgery in the non-transecting urethroplasty group. Moreover, IIEF-5 scores indicated that there was no significant intergroup difference in terms of subjective postoperative erectile function. According to the preliminary psychological evaluations during postoperative follow-up, the anxiety scores of patients undergoing non-transecting urethroplasty significantly improved, but there was no significant change in the mean SAS score among patients who underwent lingual mucosal urethroplasty.

Conclusion
Both surgical methods can achieve the clinical goal of treating iatrogenic bulbar urethral stricture. Non-transecting urethroplasty has the characteristics of short operation time, relative technical simplicity, and retention of the original erectile function of most patients, and the surgical outcomes of non-transecting urethroplasty are not inferior to those of lingual mucosal urethroplasty, and it is a promising technique for widespread use to treat bulbar urethral strictures.
Genome-wide assessment and mapping of inbreeding depression identifies candidate genes associated with semen traits in Holstein bulls
Authors: Ghoreishifar Mohammad , Vahedi Seyed Milad , Salek Ardestani Siavash , Khansefid Majid , Pryce Jennie E. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The reduction in phenotypic performance of a population due to mating between close relatives is called inbreeding depression. The genetic background of inbreeding depression for semen traits is poorly understood. Thus, the objectives were to estimate the effect of inbreeding and to identify genomic regions underlying inbreeding depression of semen traits including ejaculate volume (EV), sperm concentration (SC), and sperm motility (SM). The dataset comprised ~ 330 K semen records from ~ 1.5 K Holstein bulls genotyped with 50 K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) BeadChip. Genomic inbreeding coefficients were estimated using runs of homozygosity (i.e., FROH > 1 Mb) and excess of SNP homozygosity (FSNP). The effect of inbreeding was estimated by regressing phenotypes of semen traits on inbreeding coefficients. Associated variants with inbreeding depression were also detected by regressing phenotypes on ROH state of the variants.

Results
Significant inbreeding depression was observed for SC and SM (p < 0.01). A 1% increase in FROH reduced SM and SC by 0.28% and 0.42% of the population mean, respectively. By splitting FROH into different lengths, we found significant reduction in SC and SM due to longer ROH, which is indicative of more recent inbreeding. A genome-wide association study revealed two signals positioned on BTA 8 associated with inbreeding depression of SC (p < 0.00001; FDR < 0.02). Three candidate genes of GALNTL6, HMGB2, and ADAM29, located in these regions, have established and conserved connections with reproduction and/or male fertility. Moreover, six genomic regions on BTA 3, 9, 21 and 28 were associated with SM (p < 0.0001; FDR < 0.08). These genomic regions contained genes including PRMT6, SCAPER, EDC3, and LIN28B with established connections to spermatogenesis or fertility.

Conclusions
Inbreeding depression adversely affects SC and SM, with evidence that longer ROH, or more recent inbreeding, being especially detrimental. There are genomic regions associated with semen traits that seems to be especially sensitive to homozygosity, and evidence to support some from other studies. Breeding companies may wish to consider avoiding homozygosity in these regions for potential artificial insemination sires.