bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction between plasma phospholipid odd-chain fatty acids and GAD65 autoantibodies on the incidence of adult-onset diabetes: the EPIC-InterAct case–cohort study
Authors: Lampousi Anna-Maria , Carlsson Sofia , Löfvenborg Josefin E. , Cabrera-Castro Natalia , Chirlaque María-Dolores , Fagherazzi Guy , Franks Paul W. , Hampe Christiane S. , Jakszyn Paula , Koulman Albert , Kyrø Cecilie , Moreno-Iribas Conchi , Nilsson Peter M. , Panico Salvatore , Papier Keren , van der Schouw Yvonne T. , Schulze Matthias B. , Weiderpass Elisabete , Zamora-Ros Raul , Forouhi Nita G. , Sharp Stephen J. , Rolandsson Olov , Wareham Nicholas J. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
Islet autoimmunity may progress to adult-onset diabetes. We investigated whether circulating odd-chain fatty acids (OCFA) 15:0 and 17:0, which are inversely associated with type 2 diabetes, interact with autoantibodies against GAD65 (GAD65Ab) on the incidence of adult-onset diabetes.

Methods
We used the European EPIC-InterAct case–cohort study including 11,124 incident adult-onset diabetes cases and a subcohort of 14,866 randomly selected individuals. Adjusted Prentice-weighted Cox regression estimated HRs and 95% CIs of diabetes in relation to 1 SD lower plasma phospholipid 15:0 and/or 17:0 concentrations or their main contributor, dairy intake, among GAD65Ab-negative and -positive individuals. Interactions between tertiles of OCFA and GAD65Ab status were estimated by proportion attributable to interaction (AP).

Results
Low concentrations of OCFA, particularly 17:0, were associated with a higher incidence of adult-onset diabetes in both GAD65Ab-negative (HR 1.55 [95% CI 1.48, 1.64]) and GAD65Ab-positive (HR 1.69 [95% CI 1.34, 2.13]) individuals. The combination of low 17:0 and high GAD65Ab positivity vs high 17:0 and GAD65Ab negativity conferred an HR of 7.51 (95% CI 4.83, 11.69), with evidence of additive interaction (AP 0.25 [95% CI 0.05, 0.45]). Low dairy intake was not associated with diabetes incidence in either GAD65Ab-negative (HR 0.98 [95% CI 0.94, 1.02]) or GAD65Ab-positive individuals (HR 0.97 [95% CI 0.79, 1.18]).

Conclusions/interpretation
Low plasma phospholipid 17:0 concentrations may promote the progression from GAD65Ab positivity to adult-onset diabetes.

Graphical Abstract
A hybrid machine learning model for in-process estimation of printing distance in laser Directed Energy Deposition
Authors: Ribeiro Kandice S. B. , Núñez Henrique H. L. , Venter Giuliana S. , Doude Haley R. , Coelho Reginaldo T. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThere are several parameters that highly influence material quality and printed shape in laser Directed Energy Deposition (L-DED) operations. These parameters are usually defined for an optimal combination of energy input (laser power, scanning speed) and material feed rate, providing ideal bead geometry and layer height to the printing setup. However, during printing, layer height can vary. Such variation affects the upcoming layers by changing the printing distance, inducing printing to occur in a defocus zone then cumulatively increasing shape deviation. In order to address such issue, this paper proposes a novel intelligent hybrid method for in-process estimating the printing distance ($$Z_s$$

Z
s

) from melt pool images acquired during L-DED. The proposed hybrid method uses transfer learning to combine pre-trained Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Support Vector Regression (SVR) for an accurate yet computationally fast methodology. A dataset with 2,700 melt pool images was generated from the deposition of lines, at 60 different values of $$Z_s$$

Z
s

, and used for training. The best hybrid algorithm trained performed with a Mean Average Error (MAE) of 0.266 and a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of $$6.7\%$$

6.7
%

. The deployment of this algorithm in an application dataset allowed the printing distance to be estimated and the final part geometry to be inferred from the data.
Testing heterogeneity in quantile regression: a multigroup approach
Authors: Davino Cristina , Lamberti Giuseppe , Vistocco Domenico 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe paper aims to introduce a multigroup approach to assess group effects in quantile regression. The procedure estimates the same regression model at different quantiles, and for different groups of observations. Such groups are defined by the levels of one or more stratification variables. The proposed approach exploits a computational procedure to test group effects. In particular, a bootstrap parametric test and a permutation test are compared through artificial data taking into account different sample sizes, and comparing their performance in detecting low, medium, and high differences among coefficients pertaining different groups. An empirical analysis on MOOC students’ performance is used to show the proposal in action. The effect of the two main drivers impacting on performance, learning and engagement, is explored at different conditional quantiles, and comparing self-paced courses with instructor-paced courses, offered on the EdX platform.
Hedging against inflation: housing versus equity
Authors: Fehrle Daniel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo which extent do equity and housing hedge against inflation? Despite the extensive literature, there is only little consensus. This paper presents evidence on this question from the Jordà–Schularick–Taylor Macrohistory Database covering 16 countries from 1870 to 2020. The results depend on the time horizon and period considered. Within a 1-, 5-, and 10-year horizon, housing at least partially hedges against inflation. The nominal return–inflation relation is higher in the post-war period. In the long run, housing hedges excessively in the whole sample and perfectly in the post-war period. Equity provides no hedge within 1 year in the entire period, and the returns tend to decrease with inflation in the post-war period. The hedge improves slightly with a longer time horizon and is perfect in the long run in the post-war period. Thus, housing is at least weakly superior in hedging against inflation. The results are robust to a non-housing consumption price index and an asset price appreciation approach.
Histamine H1- and H4-receptor expression in human colon-derived cell lines
Authors: Schrammel Jasper Carsten , König Martin , Frommer Miriam , Andersen Kaya Saskia , Kirsten Marla , Seifert Roland , Neumann Detlef , Schirmer Bastian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn previous studies, we demonstrated the involvement of H4R in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and IBD-associated colon cancer in mice and could ascribe H4R-mediated histamine function to colon epithelial cells. The transferability of obtained data to humans is however lacking. Functional expression of H4R on colon epithelial cells is a prerequisite to pursue the hypothesis of involvement of H4R in carcinogenesis. Thus, we here compared the expression of histamine receptor subtypes in a series of cell lines. Out of these, three colon-derived cell lines displaying different combinations of H1R and H4R expression were submitted to functional analyses. Human hematopoietic HMC-1, HL-60, and U937, lung-derived A549 and Calu-3, and colorectal LoVo, SW 480, Caco-2, HT-29, and HCT116 cells were included in the study. mRNA expression was quantified by RT-qPCR. For functional analyses, Caco-2, HT-29, and HCT116 cells were treated by incubation with 1 – 10 µM histamine in the presence or absence of selective histamine receptor antagonists. Calcium mobilization, cAMP accumulation, and cell proliferation were measured by fluorimetry, mass spectrometry, and real-time bioimpedance measurements, respectively. Histamine receptor expression was heterogeneous in the cell lines tested. In most cell lines, we detected H1R mRNA while H4R mRNAs were found only occasionally. The colon-derived epithelial cell lines LoVo, SW480, and HT-29 expressed H1R mRNA exclusively, while in HCT116 cells H1R and H4R mRNAs and in CaCo-2 H2R mRNA were detectable. Subsequent functional analyses in HT29, Caco-2, and HCT116 cells, however, indicated that only HT-29 responded to histamine stimulation, by means of H1R. For a detailed analysis of histamine receptor function, esp. that of H1R and H4R, in human colon-derived cell lines, the cell lines tested here are not fully convenient unless genetically modified.
Full Solution of the Factoriality Question for q-Araki-Woods von Neumann Algebras Via Conjugate Variables
Authors: Kumar Manish , Skalski Adam , Wasilewski Mateusz 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe establish factoriality of q-Araki-Woods von Neumann algebras (with the number of generators at least two) in full generality, exploiting the approach via conjugate variables developed recently in the tracial case by Akihiro Miyagawa and Roland Speicher, and abstract results of Brent Nelson. We also establish non-injectivity and determine the type of the factors in question. The factors are solid and full when the number of generators is finite.
Unbiased chemokine receptor screening reveals similar efficacy of lymph node- and tumor-targeted T cell immunotherapy
Authors: Pachmayr Ludwig O. , Muehlbauer Anton , Flommersfeld Sophie , Graml Franziska , Hoenninger Julian , von Baumgarten Louisa , Buchholz Veit R. , Grassmann Simon 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLocalization is a crucial prerequisite for immune cell function and solid tumors evade immune control by modulating immune cell infiltration into the tumor stroma. Immunosuppressive cells like regulatory T cells are attracted, while cytotoxic CD8+ T cells are excluded. Engineering CD8+ T cells with chemokine receptors is a potent strategy to turn this mechanism of directed immune cell recruitment against the tumor. Here, we utilized fluorescent tagging to track the migratory behavior of tumor-specific T cells engineered with a library of all murine chemokine receptors in vivo. We then asked whether chemokine receptor-mediated redirection of antigen-specific T cells into tumors or tumor-draining lymph nodes showed superior anti-tumoral activity. We found that both targeting approaches showed higher therapeutic efficacy than control T cells. However, multiple receptors conveying the same homing pattern did not augment infiltration. Instead, in the MC38 colon carcinoma model, anti-tumoral efficacy as well as lymph node vs. tumor-homing patterns were mostly driven by CCR4 and CCR6, respectively. Overall, our data, based on fluorescent receptor tagging, identify the tumor-draining lymph node and the tumor itself as viable targets for chemokine receptor-mediated enhancement of adoptive T cell therapy.
How do patients sleep after orthopaedic surgery? Changes in objective sleep parameters and pain in hospitalized patients undergoing hip and knee arthroplasty
Authors: Vitale Jacopo Antonino , Banfi Giuseppe , Viganò Marco , Negrini Francesco 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this observational cohort study was to assess actigraphy-based sleep characteristics and pain scores in patients undergoing knee or hip joint replacement and hospitalized for ten days after surgery.

Methods
N=20 subjects (mean age: 64.0±10.39 years old) wore the Actiwatch 2 actigraph (Philips Respironics, USA) to record sleep parameters for 11 consecutive days. Subjective scores of pain, by a visual analog scale (VAS), were constantly monitored and the following evaluation time points were considered for the analysis: pre-surgery (PRE), the first (POST1), the fourth (POST4), and the tenth day (POST10) after surgery.

Results
Sleep quantity and timing parameters did not differ from PRE to POST10, during the hospitalization whereas sleep efficiency and immobility time significantly decreased at POST1 compared to PRE by 10.8% (p=0.003; ES: 0.9, moderate) and 9.4% (p=0.005; ES: 0.86, moderate) respectively, and sleep latency increased by 18.7 min (+320%) at POST1 compared to PRE (p=0.046; ES: 0.70, moderate). Overall, all sleep quality parameters showed a trend of constant improvement from POST1 to POST10. VAS scores were higher in the first day post-surgery (4.58 ± 2.46; p=0.0011 and ES: 1.40, large) compared to POST10 (1.68 ± 1.58). During the time, mean VAS showed significant negative correlations with mean sleep efficiency (r = −0.71; p=0.021).

Conclusion
Sleep quantity and timing parameters were stable during the entire hospitalization whereas sleep quality parameters significantly worsened the first night after surgery compared to the pre-surgery night. High scores of pain were associated with lower overall sleep quality.
Impact of Preoperative Stoma Site Marking on Morbidity and Mortality in Patients with Colorectal Perforation: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Watanabe Jun , Sasabuchi Yusuke , Ohbe Hiroyuki , Nakajima Mikio , Matsui Hiroki , Miki Atsushi , Horie Hisanaga , Kotani Kazuhiko , Yasunaga Hideo , Sata Naohiro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundPreoperative stoma site marking reduces the incidence of complications from elective surgery. However, the impact of stoma site marking in emergency patients with colorectal perforation remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the impact of stoma site marking on morbidity and mortality in patients with colorectal perforation who underwent emergency surgery.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study used the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination inpatient database from April 1, 2012, to March 31, 2020. We identified patients who underwent emergency surgery for colorectal perforation. We compared outcomes between those with and without stoma site marking using propensity score matching to adjust for confounding factors. The primary outcome was the overall complication rate, and the secondary outcomes were stoma‐related, surgical, and medical complications and 30‐day mortality.ResultsWe identified 21,153 patients (682 with stoma site marking and 20,471 without stoma site marking) and grouped them into 682 pairs using propensity score matching. The overall complication rates were 23.5% and 21.4% in the groups with and without stoma site marking, respectively (p = 0.40). Stoma site marking was not associated with a decrease in stoma‐related, surgical, or medical complications. The 30‐day mortality did not differ significantly between the groups with and without stoma site marking (7.9% vs. 8.4%, p = 0.843).ConclusionsPreoperative stoma site marking was not associated with a reduction in morbidity and mortality in patients with colorectal perforation who underwent emergency surgery.
Rectal colonization is predictive for surgical site infections with multidrug-resistant bacteria in abdominal surgery
Authors: Mehdorn Matthias , Kolbe-Busch Susanne , Lippmann Norman , Moulla Yusef , Scheuermann Uwe , Jansen-Winkeln Boris , Chaberny Iris F. , Gockel Ines , Kassahun Woubet Tefera 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Superficial surgical site infections (SSI) are a common complication after abdominal surgery. Additionally, multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) have shown an increasing spread in recent years with a growing importance for health care. As there is varying evidence on the importance of MDRO in different surgical fields and countries as causative agents of SSI, we report our findings of MDRO-caused SSI.

Methods
We assembled an institutional wound register spanning the years 2015–2018 including all patients with abdominal surgery and SSI only, including demographics, procedure-related data, microbiological data from screenings, and body fluid samples. The cohort was examined for the frequency of different MDRO in screenings, body fluids, and wound swabs and assessed for risk factors for MDRO-positive SSI.

Results
A total of 138 out of 494 patients in the register were positive for MDRO, and of those, 61 had an MDRO isolated from their wound, mainly multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales (58.1%) followed by vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. (19.7%). As 73.2% of all MDRO-carrying patients had positive rectal swabs, rectal colonization could be identified as the main risk factor for an SSI caused by a MDRO with an odds ratio (OR) of 4.407 (95% CI 1.782–10.896, p = 0.001). Secondly, a postoperative ICU stay was also associated with an MDRO-positive SSI (OR 3.73; 95% CI 1.397–9.982; p = 0.009).

Conclusion
The rectal colonization status with MDRO should be taken into account in abdominal surgery regarding SSI prevention strategies.
Trial registration Retrospectively registered in the German register for clinical trials (DRKS) 19th December 2019, registration number DRKS00019058.
“That’s just like, your opinion, man”: the illusory truth effect on opinions
Authors: Riesthuis Paul , Woods Josh 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
With the expanse of technology, people are constantly exposed to an abundance of information. Of vital importance is to understand how people assess the truthfulness of such information. One indicator of perceived truthfulness seems to be whether it is repeated. That is, people tend to perceive repeated information, regardless of its veracity, as more truthful than new information, also known as the illusory truth effect. In the present study, we examined whether such effect is also observed for opinions and whether the manner in which the information is encoded influenced the illusory truth effect. Across three experiments, participants (n = 552) were presented with a list of true information, misinformation, general opinion, and/or social–political opinion statements. First, participants were either instructed to indicate whether the presented statement was a fact or opinion based on its syntax structure (Exp. 1 & 2) or assign each statement to a topic category (Exp. 3). Subsequently, participants rated the truthfulness of various new and repeated statements. Results showed that repeated information, regardless of the type of information, received higher subjective truth ratings when participants simply encoded them by assigning each statement to a topic. However, when general and social–political opinions were encoded as an opinion, we found no evidence of such effect. Moreover, we found a reversed illusory truth effect for general opinion statements when only considering information that was encoded as an opinion. These findings suggest that how information is encoded plays a crucial role in evaluating truth.
Training energy-based single-layer Hopfield and oscillatory networks with unsupervised and supervised algorithms for image classification
Authors: Abernot Madeleine , Todri-Sanial Aida 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates how to solve image classification with Hopfield neural networks (HNNs) and oscillatory neural networks (ONNs). This is a first attempt to apply ONNs for image classification. State-of-the-art image classification networks are multi-layer models trained with supervised gradient back-propagation, which provide high-fidelity results but require high energy consumption and computational resources to be implemented. On the contrary, HNN and ONN networks are single-layer, requiring less computational resources, however, they necessitate some adaptation as they are not directly applicable for image classification. ONN is a novel brain-inspired computing paradigm that performs low-power computation and is attractive for edge artificial intelligence applications, such as image classification. In this paper, we perform image classification with HNN and ONN by exploiting their auto-associative memory (AAM) properties. We evaluate precision of HNN and ONN trained with state-of-the-art unsupervised learning algorithms. Additionally, we adapt the supervised equilibrium propagation (EP) algorithm to single-layer AAM architectures, proposing the AAM-EP. We test and validate HNN and ONN classification on images of handwritten digits using a simplified MNIST set. We find that using unsupervised learning, HNN reaches 65.2%, and ONN 59.1% precision. Moreover, we show that AAM-EP can increase HNN and ONN precision up to 67.04% for HNN and 62.6% for ONN. While intrinsically HNN and ONN are not meant for classification tasks, to the best of our knowledge, these are the best-reported precisions of HNN and ONN performing classification of images of handwritten digits.
Hierarchical contribution of individual lifestyle factors and their interactions on adenomatous and serrated polyp risk
Authors: Kim Jihee , Nath Kirti , Schmidlin Kurt , Schaufelberger Helen , Quattropani Christiana , Vannini Simone , Mossi Sandro , Thumshirn Miriam , Manz Michael , Litichevskiy Lev , Fan Jiaxin , Dmitrieva-Posocco Oxana , Li Mingyao , Levy Maayan , Schär Primo , Zwahlen Marcel , Thaiss Christoph A. , Truninger Kaspar 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Individual colorectal polyp risk factors are well characterized; however, insights into their pathway-specific interactions are scarce. We aimed to identify the impact of individual risk factors and their joint effects on adenomatous (AP) and serrated polyp (SP) risk.

Methods
We collected information on 363 lifestyle and metabolic parameters from 1597 colonoscopy participants, resulting in over 521,000 data points. We used multivariate statistics and machine-learning approaches to assess associations of single variables and their interactions with AP and SP risk.

Results
Individual factors and their interactions showed common and polyp subtype-specific effects. Abdominal obesity, high body mass index (BMI), metabolic syndrome, and red meat consumption globally increased polyp risk. Age, gender, and western diet associated with AP risk, while smoking was associated with SP risk. CRC family history was associated with advanced adenomas and diabetes with sessile serrated lesions. Regarding lifestyle factor interactions, no lifestyle or dietary adjustments mitigated the adverse smoking effect on SP risk, whereas its negative effect was exacerbated by alcohol in the conventional pathway. The adverse effect of red meat on SP risk was not ameliorated by any factor, but was further exacerbated by western diet along the conventional pathway. No modification of any factor reduced the negative impact of metabolic syndrome on AP risk, whereas increased fatless fish or meat substitutes’ intake mitigated its effect on SP risk.

Conclusions
Individual risk factors and their interactions for polyp formation along the adenomatous and serrated pathways are strongly heterogeneous. Our findings may facilitate tailored lifestyle recommendations and contribute to a better understanding of how risk factor combinations impact colorectal carcinogenesis.