bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age and sex-specific foraging movements and energetics in an endangered monomorphic seabird
Authors: Strydom Zanri , Grémillet David , Fritz Hervé , Venter Jan A. , Collet Julien , Kato Akiko , Pichegru Lorien 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSenescence is the irreversible decline in physiological functioning and survival with age. While this phenomenon has been studied in a range of different taxa, including seabirds, it has seldom been assessed for both sexes of monomorphic species, and in conservation contexts. Here, we studied the effect of age and sex on the foraging trip characteristics and energetics of the monomorphic Cape gannet (Morus capensis). Between 2017 and 2020, we used GPS recorders and miniaturised three-dimensional accelerometers to obtain data on the foraging trip characteristics and energy expenditure of 39 Cape gannets rearing chicks on Malgas Island, South Africa. This sample included 11 females and 28 males between the ages of 4 and 23 years. No difference in foraging trip characteristics was apparent between sexes or individuals of different ages. The energy expenditure of aging females (> 17 years) was higher than that of aging males. Aging females spent both more energy flying and less energy resting than males, despite similar foraging trip durations and distances. Males spent more energy diving and taking off from the water than females. The age-related sexual differences in energy expenditure presented in our study might reflect niche and/or risk partitioning strategies to ensure adequate provisioning to the chick, or a possible earlier onset of senescence in females relative to males. The higher energy expenditure of aging females, which presumably requires a concomitantly higher energy intake, likely reduces their resilience to environmental change.
Predictors of Post-Operative Hospital Length of Stay Following Complete Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot in a Pediatric Cohort in the North of England
Authors: Adesanya Adenike M. , Best Kate E. , Coats Louise , Rankin Judith 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe sought to estimate the median post-operative length of stay (PLOS) and predictors of PLOS following tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) repair at a specialist surgical center in the North of England. The local National Congenital Heart Disease Audit dataset was used to identify patients aged < 2 years who underwent surgical repair for ToF between 1 January 1986 and 13 May 2022. Coefficients representing the median change in PLOS (days) according to predictors were estimated using Quantile regression. There were 224 patients (59.4% male, median age = 9 months, interquartile range (IQR) 5–13 months) with a median PLOS of 9 days (IQR 7–13). In the univariable regression, age (months) and weight (kg) at operation (β =  − 0.17, 95% CI: − 0.33, − 0.01) and (β =  − 0.53, 95% CI: − 0.97, − 0.10), previous (cardiac or thoracic) procedure (β = 5, 95% CI:2.38, 7.62), procedure urgency (elective vs urgent) (β = 2.8, 95% CI:0.39, 5.21), bypass time (mins) (β = 0.03, 95% CI:0.01, 0.05), cross-clamp time (mins) (β = 0.03, 95% CI:0.01, 0.06) and duration of post-operative intubation (days) (β = 0.81, 95% CI:0.67, 0.96), were significantly associated with PLOS. Previous procedure and intubation time remained significant in multivariable analyses. Some patient and operative factors can predict PLOS following complete ToF repair. Information on PLOS is important for health professionals to support parents in preparing for their child's discharge and to make any necessary practical arrangements. Health commissioners can draw on evidence-based guidance for resource planning. The small sample size may have reduced the power to detect small effect sizes, but this regional study serves as a foundation for a larger national study.
Polyvinylpyridine–carbon dots composite-based novel humidity sensor
Authors: Jlassi Khouloud , Mallick Shoaib , Ali Ahmed Ben , Mutahir Hafsa , Salauddin Sayma Akhter , Ahmad Zubair , Tennouga Lahcene , Chehimi Mohamed 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis work describes the rational design of thin films based on PVP-modified carbon dots for potential resistive humidity sensing application, prepared via spin coating on ITO substrates. The modified carbon dots were manufactured from graphite waste and modified with PVP to test the synergetic effect of the two materials. The surface hydrophilicity, morphology, and sensing properties were studied. AFM has been performed to investigate the prepared films’ texture and distribution over the surface. Overall, the hydrophilicity of the prepared films increases with concentration, leading to enhanced water vapor absorption on the surface of the sensing film. As a result, the sensor’s sensitivity is improved with the increasing concentration of PVP–CDs. The electrical response of the PVP–CDs composite film sensor shows a higher sensitivity level above 80% RH sensor with an irregular response; however, the concentration of 0.5 wt%, higher sensitivity, and linear change in impedance response was noted compared to other concentrations.
Current status and issues in genomic analysis using EUS-FNA/FNB specimens in hepatobiliary–pancreatic cancers
Authors: Ozono Yoshinori , Kawakami Hiroshi , Uchiyama Naomi , Hatada Hiroshi , Ogawa Souichiro 
Published: September 2023

AbstractComprehensive genomic profiling based on next-generation sequencing has recently been used to provide precision medicine for various advanced cancers. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) and EUS-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) play essential roles in the diagnosis of abdominal masses, mainly pancreatic cancers. In recent years, CGP analysis using EUS-FNA/FNB specimens for hepatobiliary–pancreatic cancers has increased; however, the success rate of CGP analysis is not clinically satisfactory, and many issues need to be resolved to improve the success rate of CGP analysis. In this article, we review the transition from EUS-FNA to FNB, compare each test, and discuss the current status and issues in genomic analysis of hepatobiliary–pancreatic cancers using EUS-FNA/FNB specimens.
Temperature changes in the pulp chamber and bleaching gel during tooth bleaching assisted by diode laser (445 nm) using different power settings
Authors: Papadopoulou Aggeliki , Dionysopoulos Dimitrios , Strakas Dimitrios , Kouros Pantelis , Kolokitha Olga-Elpis , Tolidis Kosmas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the safety of using blue diode laser (445 nm) for tooth bleaching with regard to intrapulpal temperature increase operating at different average power and time settings. Fifty human mandibular incisors (n = 10) were used for evaluating temperature rise inside the pulp chamber and in the bleaching gel during laser-assisted tooth bleaching. The change in temperature was recorded using K thermocouples for the five experimental groups (without laser, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 W) at each point of time (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 s). As the average power of the diode laser increases, the temperature inside the pulp chamber also increases and that of the bleaching gel was significantly higher in all the experimental groups (p < 0.05). However, the intrapulpal temperature rise was below the threshold for irreversible thermal damage of the pulp (5.6 °C). Average power of a diode laser (445 nm) ranging between 0.5–2 W and irradiation time between 10–60 s should be considered safe regarding the pulp health when a red-colored bleaching gel is used. Clinical studies should confirm the safety and effectiveness of such tooth bleaching treatments. The outcomes of the present study could be a useful guide for dental clinicians, who utilize diode lasers (445 nm) for in-office tooth bleaching treatments in order to select appropriate power parameters and duration of laser irradiation without jeopardizing the safety of the pulp.
Efficiency and safety of optic canal unroofing in tuberculum sellae meningiomas: a meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: Lin Peng-Wei , You Wei , Guo Ai-Shun , Lin Zhen-Rong , Wang Yu-Zhe 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOptic canal unroofing (OCU) has gradually become a routine technique for tuberculum sellae meningiomas (TSMs) resection. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of OCU. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the published literature on this topic from 2003 to 2023 were conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Rigorous statistical analysis with a p-value was performed for related change in visual improvement, gross total resection (GTR), visual deterioration, and olfactory nerve damage. The study included 15 articles with 384 patients in whom OCU was performed by the transcranial approach (TCA) or the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA). Of these, 341 patients had preoperative visual loss, and 266 patients had postoperative visual recovery. The overall rate of visual improvement was 0.803 (95% CI: 0.733–0.874, p < 0.01). The rate of visual improvement in the EEA and TCA groups was 0.884 (95% CI: 0.803–0.965, p < 0.01) and 0.788 (95% CI: 0.700–0.875, p < 0.01). Further analysis of classification shows that the rate of visual improvement in Type I: < 2 cm was 0.889(95% CI: 0.739–0.969), Type II:2-4 cm was 0.844(95% CI: 0.755–0.910), Type III: > 4 cm was 0.500(95% CI: 0.068–0.932) and the total was 0.853(95% CI: 0.779–0.927 p < 0.01) with low heterogeneity of I2 = 20.80%.Twelve studies separately reported GTR with OCU was 293; the rate of GTR was 0.911 (95% CI: 0.848–0.961, p < 0.01). And the rate of GTR in Type I: < 2 cm was 0.933(95% CI: 0.817–0.986), Type II:2-4 cm was 0.880(95% CI: 0.800–0.936), Type III: > 4 cm was 0.600(95% CI: 0.147–0.947). The total was 0.897(95% CI: 0.830–0.965 p < 0.01) with low heterogeneity of I2 = 34.57%. The related complications of OCU were visual deterioration and olfactory nerve damage. Visual decline was reported in nine studies, and the rate was 0.077 (95% CI: 0.041–0.113, p < 0.01). Six studies reported olfactory nerve damage, and the overall rate was 0.054 (95% CI: 0.019–0.090, p < 0.01). OCU could significantly recover preoperative impaired vision and make GTR easier to achieve, which was also a safe and effective technique in TSM.
A site amplification model for Switzerland based on site-condition indicators and incorporating local response as measured at seismic stations
Authors: Bergamo Paolo , Fäh Donat , Panzera Francesco , Cauzzi Carlo , Glueer Franziska , Perron Vincent , Wiemer Stefan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe spatial estimation of the soil response is one of the key ingredients for the modelling of earthquake risk. We present a ground motion amplification model for Switzerland, developed as part of a national-scale earthquake risk model. The amplification model is based on local estimates of soil response derived for about 240 instrumented sites in Switzerland using regional seismicity data by means of empirical spectral modelling techniques. These local measures are then correlated to continuous layers of topographic and geological soil condition indicators (multi-scale topographic slopes, a lithological classification of the soil, a national geological model of bedrock depth) and finally mapped at the national scale resorting to regression kriging as geostatistical interpolation technique. The obtained model includes amplification maps for PGV (peak ground velocity), PSA (pseudo-spectral acceleration) at periods of 1.0, 0.6 and 0.3 s; the modelled amplification represents the linear soil response, relative to a reference rock profile withVS30(time-averaged shear-wave velocity in the uppermost 30 m of soil column) = 1105 m/s. Each of these amplification maps is accompanied by two layers quantifying its site-to-site and single-site, within event variabilities, respectively (epistemic and aleatory uncertainties). The PGV, PSA(1.0 s) and PSA(0.3 s) maps are additionally translated to macroseismic intensity aggravation layers. The national-scale amplification model is validated by comparing it with empirical measurements of soil response at stations not included in the calibration dataset, with existing city-scale amplification models and with macroseismic intensity observations from historical earthquakes. The model is also included in the Swiss ShakeMap workflow.
Evaluating the effects of geochemical and anthropogenic factors on the concentration and treatability of heavy metals in Awash River and Lake Beseka, Ethiopia: arsenic and molybdenum issues
Authors: Abebe Yosef , Whitehead Paul , Alamirew Tena , Jin Li , Alemayehu Esayas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn the Awash River basin (Ethiopia), massive urbanization and industrialization, driven by rapid development and human settlement, are detrimental to the environment and human health as pollutants such as heavy metals (HMs) find their way into water bodies without proper treatment. The purpose of this study was to assess the HMs content and pollution sources within the basin. In this context, a total of 205 samples were collected from 21 surface water sampling stations. Heavy metal concentrations were measured using the Perkin Elmer NexION 350 ICP-MS with inductively coupled plasma. Findings demonstrate that high levels of HMs, such as Al, Mn, Mo, As, V, Fe, and Ba were exhibited with the value of 1257 μg/L, 626.8 μg/L, 116.7 μg/L, 61.2 μg/L, 100.5 μg/L, 1082.7 μg/L, and 211.7 μg/L, respectively. Among 20 HMs analyzed, 20% of the parameters within the study area were above the WHO limit for drinking water; Al (157 μg/L), V (100.5 μg/L), Fe (1082.7 μg/L), Mn (626.8 μg/L), and Mo (103.8 μg/L) were exhibited at sites along the river system. Likewise, 57% of water samples showed high values of As at many stations down the river systems. In particular, high HM concentrations seen in the upper Awash are primarily controlled by anthropogenic activities such as untreated industrial, agricultural, and domestic discharges, while the high HM concentrations in the middle Awash samples were likely due to the influence from the Lake Beseka that has high HM concentrations due to geological process. In conclusion, securing potable water for the rapidly increasing population in Addis Ababa and in the watersheds of Awash is unsafe to sustain the environment and the human health.
Thermal Diffusivity and Fick Diffusion Coefficient in Mixtures of Hydrogen and Methane by Dynamic Light Scattering
Authors: Piszko Maximilian , Schmidt Patrick S. , Rausch Michael H. , Fröba Andreas P. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMixtures of hydrogen (H2) and methane (CH4) are given in many technical applications where accurate thermophysical property data are required for the design and optimization of corresponding processes. This work evaluates the accessibility of the thermal diffusivity a and the Fick diffusion coefficient D11 in gaseous binary mixtures of H2 and CH4 by dynamic light scattering (DLS). The investigations are performed at temperatures T and pressures p of (293, 333, 363, and 393) K and (5, 10, and 15) MPa with varying CH4 mole fractions $$x_{{{\text{CH}}_{{4}} }}$$

x

CH
4

of (0.05, 0.3, 0.6, and 0.8). For all thermodynamic states investigated, only one hydrodynamic mode was observable by DLS. The assignment of the single related diffusivity to either a, D11, or a mixed diffusivity Dmix representing both a and D11 is performed by considering D11 calculated by the Chapman–Enskog kinetic theory, experimental D11 literature data, a predicted by using two different approaches, and calculations of the so-called Rayleigh ratio. The findings indicate that DLS gives access to a at high $$x_{{{\text{CH}}_{{4}} }}$$

x

CH
4

, D11 at low $$x_{{{\text{CH}}_{{4}} }}$$

x

CH
4

, and Dmix at $$x_{{{\text{CH}}_{{4}} }}$$

x

CH
4

≈ 0.3. All data are summarized in the form of correlations providing a and D11 as a function of T, p, and $$x_{{{\text{CH}}_{{4}} }}$$

x

CH
4

.
Temperature and frequency dependent dielectric capacitance and polarization performances of low dimensional perovskite based manganese stannate
Authors: Ghosh Sarit K. , Mallick Kaushik 
Published: September 2023

AbstractManganese stannate perovskite nanoparticles were synthesized by applying a complexation mediated approach. Rietveld refinement of the XRD data exhibited orthorhombic structure with space group of Pnma. The structure included eightfold coordinated Mn2+ cation, surrounded by eight O2− anions and formed MnO8 polyhedra unit. Each polyhedra unit interconnected through the corner-sharing SnO6 octahedra with the formation of a cage-like network. The temperature and frequency dependent dielectric performances of manganese stannate were measured in the form of a device, which exhibited maximum dielectric constant value ~ 3445. The high dielectric constant value was originated due to the contribution of space charge polarization and orientation polarization of dipoles within the measured frequency ranges. Temperature and frequency dependent AC-conduction mechanism of the manganese stannate-based device involved both overlapping large polarons and non-overlapping small polarons. Electric field-dependent of polarization hysteresis loop of the device exhibited the maximum polarization value 1.5 µC/cm2 under the electric field of 3 kV/mm. Under the applied field of 2 kV/mm, the device exhibited a fatigue-free polarization with a maximum value of 0.92 µC/cm2, sustained for 103 cycles under ambient temperature condition.
Investigating the modified thermoelectric generator system performance
Authors: Harb Abd El-Moneim A. , Elsayed Khairy , Kabeel A. E. , Ahmed Mahmoud , Abdo Ahmed 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIt is essential to enhance the performance of the thermoelectric generator as lower efficiencies are obtained recently. This could be achieved by changing its dimensions in addition to copper strip thickness. The present study is performed to obtain the best dimensions of the P–N legs considering the interaction between all variables. To do this, a comprehensive TEG model is achieved in addition to utilizing the single-objective optimization technique. The main performance metrics, including electricity production and conversion efficiency, are assessed, and contrasted with the conventional TEG system since the simulation. The length of the legs and their cross-sectional area were shown to significantly affect power production. The thickness of the conducting plate, in contrast, barely matters. For instance, a P–N pair with legs that have a 2 mm2 cross-sectional area generates 0.4 W and 1.3 W for temperature differences of 480 °C and 980 °C, respectively. Furthermore, the equivalent efficiencies are 4.41% and 6.73%, respectively. Using the genetic algorithm revealed that the ideal values for the leg cross section, leg length, and conducting plate thickness are 1.84 mm2, 0.5 mm, and 0.44 mm, respectively. Once compared to the conventional system, using the optimization method results in an improvement in power production and conversion efficiency of about 247% at a temperature differential of 980 °C.
Projection continuation for minimal coordinate set formulation and singularity detection of redundantly constrained system dynamics
Authors: Masarati Pierangelo , Quro M Jihad Ummul , Zanoni Andrea 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe formulation of (possibly redundantly) constrained system dynamics using coordinate projection onto a subspace locally tangent to the constraint manifold is revisited using the QR factorization of the constraint Jacobian matrix, using column pivoting to identify a suitable subspace, possibly detect any singular configurations that may arise, and extract it. The evolution of the QR factorization is integrated along with that of the constraint Jacobian matrix as the solution evolves, generalizing to redundant constraints a recently proposed true continuation algorithm that tracks the evolution of the subspace of independent coordinates. The resulting subspace does not visibly affect the quality of the solution, as it is merely a recombination of that resulting from the blind application of the QR factorization but avoids the artificial algorithmic irregularities or discontinuities in the generalized velocities that could otherwise result from arbitrary reparameterizations of the coordinate set, and identifies and discriminates any further possible motions that arise at singular configurations. The characteristics of the proposed subspace evolution approach are exemplified by solving simple problems with incremental levels of redundancy and singularity orders.
The role of cytoreductive surgery in multifocal/multicentric glioblastomas
Authors: Dimov Diyan , Brainman Daniel , Berger Björn , Coras Roland , Grote Alexander , Simon Matthias 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Multifocal/multicentric glioblastomas (mGBM) account for up to 20% of all newly diagnosed glioblastomas. The present study investigates the impact of cytoreductive surgery on survival and functional outcomes in patients with mGBM.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed clinical and imaging data of 71 patients with newly diagnosed primary (IDH1 wildtype) mGBM who underwent operative treatment in 2015–2020 at the authors’ institution. Multicentric/multifocal growth was defined by the presence of ≥ 2 contrast enhancing lesions ≥ 1 cm apart from each other.

Results
36 (50.7%) patients had a resection and 35 (49.3%) a biopsy procedure. MGMT status, age, preoperative KPI and NANO scores as well as the postoperative KPI and NANO scores did not differ significantly between resected and biopsied cases. Median overall survival was 6.4 months and varied significantly with the extent of resection (complete resection of contrast enhancing tumor: 13.6, STR: 6.4, biopsy: 3.4 months; P = 0.043). 21 (58.3%) of resected vs. only 12 (34.3%) of biopsied cases had radiochemotherapy (p = 0.022). Multivariate analysis revealed chemo- and radiotherapy and also (albeit with smaller hazard ratios) extent of resection (resection vs. biopsy) and multicentric growth as independent predictors of patient survival. Involvement of eleoquent brain regions, as well as neurodeficit rates and functional outcomes did not vary significantly between the biopsy and the resection cohorts.

Conclusion
Resective surgery in mGBM is associated with better survival. This benefit seems to relate prominently to an increased number of patients being able to tolerate effective adjuvant therapies after tumor resections. In addition, cytoreductive surgery may have a survival impact per se.