bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on prevention and control measures of sandstone geothermal reinjection plugging
Authors: Wang Xiangtao , Wang Jianzhong , Yan Guangyu , Liu Xiaozhe , Huang Yue , Tian Suo , Xu Qingfa 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In the process of geothermal tailwater reinjection of sandstone, the problem of plugging has been seriously restricting the continuous development of geothermal reinjection for many years, and the problems of plugging are complex and changeable. The plugging in the process of reinjection can be divided into physical plugging, chemical plugging, microbial plugging and gas plugging. Given these four types of blocking, according to the mechanism characteristics of the blocking caused by them, this paper puts forward corresponding blocking prevention measures and solves the current blocking problems by filtering, adding a scale inhibitor, intermittent reinjection, adding chlorine dioxide and regular lifting. In addition, the existing reinjection process and the equipment flow are relatively simple and cannot achieve the goal of efficient reinjection. Therefore, a complete set of reinjection processes is designed to ensure the efficient reinjection of sandstone geothermal tailwater.
NRSN2 is a Prognostic Biomarker in Gastric Cancer and Facilitates the
Growth and Migration of Gastric Cancer Cells
Authors: Ren Shenghui , Chen Manyu , Chen Yu , Ding Ke 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Neurensin-2 (NRSN2) is reported to be associated with the progression of
many tumors. This work aimed at investigating the biological function and prognostic significance of
NRSN2 in gastric cancer (GC).

Methods:
NRSN2 expression in various cancer tissue was analyzed by the TIMER database. NRSN2
expression in GC tissue samples of different groups was analyzed by the UALCAN database. The
survival analysis was performed with the Kaplan-Meier database. NRSN2 expression in GC tissues
and cell lines was measured by qRT-PCR and Western blot. CCK-8, Transwell and scratch healing
assays were conducted to detect the proliferative, migrative and invasive capabilities of GC cells,
respectively. The LinkedOmics database and StarBase database were utilized to analyze the related
genes with NRSN2 in GC. The association of NRSN2 expression with tumor immune infiltrating cells
and molecular markers of immune cells was investigated with the TIMER database.

Results:
NRSN2 expression was up-regulated in GC tissues, which was correlated with GC tumor
grade, lymph node metastasis, and TP53 mutation. The prognosis of GC patients with high NRSN2
expression was worse than those of the patients with low NRSN2 expression. NRSN2 expression was
also associated with the TNM stage, and Lauren subtype of GC patients. NRSN2 overexpression
promoted the growth, migration and invasion of GC cells lines; knocking down NRSN2 worked
oppositely. NRSN2 expression in GC was associated with Wnt, p53, and NOD-like receptor signaling
pathways. NRSN2 expression was also significantly associated with the infiltration of CD8+ T cells,
CD4+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells in the GC microenvironment.

Conclusion:
NRSN2 expression in GC tissues is up-regulated, which correlates with a poor prognosis
and immune cell infiltration of GC patients. NRSN2 facilitates the growth and aggressiveness of GC
cells, implying that it may be a diagnostic biomarker and therapy target for GC.
“Renalism” with Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System Inhibitor Use in
Patients Enrolled in Trials for Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction
and Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sudani Hussein Al , Shah Samir , Lo Kevin Bryan , Essa Hani , Wattoo Ammaar , Angelim Lucas , Brousas Sophia , Whybrow-Huppatz Isabel , Vellanki Shaitalya , Sankaranarayanan Rajiv , Rangaswami Janani 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin receptor blockers
(ARB), angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI), and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists
(MRA) reduce mortality and hospitalizations in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) but
their use is limited in advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods:
We carried out a systematic review of studies on HFrEF and CKD patients. The mean overall
percentage of reported ACEI, ARB, MRA, and ARNI use, and the proportion of trials that included
patients with advanced CKD grades 4-5 (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <15-30
ml/min/1.73m2) were recorded per year. The proportion of trials with advanced CKD was logtransformed,
and then fitted into a time regression model. The interactions between the proportion of
trials that included CKD grades 4-5 and the proportion of reported use of ACEI, ARB, and MRAs per
year were explored using Pearson’s correlation and univariate linear regression.

Results:
A total of 706 articles were included; 76% reported background ACEI/ARB use, while 51%
reported MRA use. ACEI/ARB use averaged 83% and MRA 50%. Of the trials, 57% included CKD
grades 4-5. Over 10 years, the proportion of trials with CKD grades 4-5 increased while ACEI/ARB use
decreased. MRA use rates remained about the same. There was an inverse association found between
the proportion of trials with CKD grades 4-5 and ACEI/ARB use per year.

Conclusion:
In the past 10 years, CKD grades 4-5 patients have been increasingly included in HFrEF
clinical trials. Concurrently, ACEI/ARB use has reportedly decreased.
Occurrence, Isolation, Pharmacological Potential, Metabolism, and Toxicity
of Myristicin: A Naturally Occurring Alkoxy-Substituted Allylbenzene
Authors: Kaur Vishaldeep , Kaushal Sonia , Heena  , Utreja Divya 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Natural products are secondary metabolites obtained from plants, animals,
and microorganisms with diverse chemical structures resulting in diverse biological functions and
drug-like properties.

Objective:
This review article summarizes in detail the occurrence, detection, isolation, various
pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of a natural compound i.e., 5-Allyl-1-methoxy-
2,3-methylenedioxybenzene commonly known as Myristicin.

Methods:
A relevant literature search was made using the keywords essential oil, mace, myristicin,
nutmeg, and pharmacological activities from different databases such as PubMed, Sci Finder, Science
Direct, and Google Scholar. The literature search results presented articles from 1963 to 2022. Thereafter,
the articles were carefully screened and selected for review.

Results:
Myristicin, an alkoxy-substituted allylbenzene is present in major to minor amounts in the
essential oils obtained from different plant parts and exhibits various pharmacological properties such
as antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, insecticidal, and hepatoprotective.
It forms 10 metabolites by reduction, demethylation, hydroxylation, ring formation, ring-opening,
and conjugate formation. In the liver, myristicin has been metabolized by Cytochrome P450 complex
enzymes to generate active metabolite (1ˈ hyroxymyristicin) responsible for cytotoxic, genotoxic and
apoptotic effects (150 μM). But, myristicin at 600 μM does not produce enough 1ʼ-hydroxymyristicin
to give the final toxicant.

Conclusion:
Myristicin poses no major risk to human health through the consumption of herbs and
spices due to its presence in low amounts. It has great potential to be used in the traditional system of
medicine. We hope that this review will provide complete knowledge about myristicin on a single
platform.
Can Polyherbal Medicine be used for the Treatment of Diabetes? - A Review
of Historical Classics, Research Evidence and Current Prevention
Programs
Authors: Brahma Sudem , Goyal Arvind Kumar , Dhamodhar Prakash , Kumari Mani Reema , Jayashree S. , Usha Talambedu , Middha Sushil Kumar 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
Diabetes mellitus (DM), a chronic medical condition, has attained a global pandemic
status over the last few decades affecting millions of people. Despite a variety of synthetic drugs
available in the market, the use of herbal medicines for managing diabetes is gaining importance
because of being comparatively safer. This article reviews the result of a substantial literature
search on polyherbal formulations (PHFs) developed and evaluated with potential for DM. The accumulated
data in the literature allowed us to enlist 76PHFs consisting of different parts of 147
plant species belonging to 58 botanical families. The documented plant species are laden with bioactive
components with anti-diabetic properties and thus draw attention. The most favoured ingredient
for PHFs was leaves of Gymnema sylvestre and seeds of Trigonella foenum-graecum used in
27 and 22 formulations, respectively. Apart from herbs, shilajit (exudates from high mountain
rocks) formed an important component of 9 PHFs, whereas calcined Mytilus margaritiferus and
goat pancreas were used in Dolabi, the most commonly used tablet form of PHF in Indian markets.
The healing properties of PHFs against diabetes have been examined in both pre-clinical studies
and clinical trials. However, the mechanism(s) of action of PHFs are still unclear and considered
the pitfalls inherent in understanding the benefits of PHFs. From the information available based
on experimental systems, it could be concluded that plant-derived medicines will have a considerable
role to play in the control of diabetes provided the challenges related to their bioavailability,
bioefficacy, optimal dose, lack of characterization, ambiguous mechanism of action, and clinical
efficiency are addressed.
Characterizing Consumer Smartphone Apps for Virtual Reality–Based Exposure Therapy: Content Analysis
Authors: Sunkara Charvi , Thakkar Rajvi , Ong Triton , Bunnell Brian E 
Published: March 2023

Background
In vivo exposure therapy is the most effective treatment for phobias but is often impractical. Virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) can help overcome critical barriers to in vivo exposure therapy. However, accessible mobile software related to VRET is not well understood.

Objective
The purpose of our study is to describe the landscape of accessible smartphone apps with potential utility for clinical VRET.

Methods
We conducted a content analysis of publicly available smartphone apps related to virtual reality on the Google Play Store and the Apple App Store as of March 2020.

Results
The initial search yielded 525 apps, with 84 apps (52 on the Google Play Store and 32 on the Apple App Store) included for analysis. The most common phobic stimulus depicted was bodies of water or weather events (25/84, 29.8%), followed by heights (24/84, 28.6%), and animals (23/84, 27.4%). More than half of the apps were visually abstract (39/84, 53.5%). Most apps were free to use (48/84, 57.1%), while the rest were free to try (22/84, 26.2%) or required payment for use (14/84, 16.7%), with the highest cost for use being US $6. The average overall app rating was 2.9 stars out of 5, but the number of ratings ranged from 0 to 49,233. None of the 84 apps advertised compliance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, offered the ability to monitor data, provided clinician control over variables in the app experiences, or explicitly stated use by or development with clinicians.

Conclusions
None of the smartphone apps reviewed were explicitly developed for phobia therapy. However, 16 of the 84 included apps were considered ideal candidates to investigate further as part of treatment due to their accessibility, depiction of phobia-relevant stimuli, low or no cost, and high user scores. Most of these apps were visually abstract and free to use, making them accessible and potentially flexible as part of clinical exposure hierarchies. However, none of the apps were designed for clinical use, nor did they provide tools for clinician workflows. Formal evaluation of these accessible smartphone apps is needed to understand the clinical potential of accessible VRET solutions.
The Effect of Clinical Decision Prompts in Improving Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Rates in a Multispecialty Practice in a Predominantly Hispanic Population: Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Molokwu Jennifer , Mendez Melissa , Bracamontes Christina 
Published: March 2023

Background
The human papillomavirus (HPV) is implicated in the causal pathway of cancers of the vulva, vagina, penis, cervix, anus, and oropharyngeal region. It is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States. Despite the documented safety and effectiveness of the HPV vaccine, rates lag behind those of other vaccines given at the same age.

Objective
Provider recommendation is identified as a robust predictor of HPV vaccine uptake, and physician-prompting is shown to increase the provision of preventive care services in general. Theoretically, providing reminders to providers should increase opportunities for providing HPV vaccine recommendations and therefore affect vaccination rates. The objective of our study was to assess the effectiveness of an electronic medical record (EMR) prompt in improving HPV vaccination rates in an academic clinic setting caring for a predominantly Hispanic border population.

Methods
We used a quasi-experimental design with a retrospective chart audit to evaluate the effect of a clinical decision prompt (CDP) on improving HPV immunization rates in different specialty settings. We introduced an EMR prompt to remind providers to recommend the HPV vaccine when seeing appropriate patients in an obstetrics and gynecology (OBGYN), pediatrics (PD), and family medicine (FM) clinic in a large multispecialty academic group located along the Texas-Mexico border. We assessed HPV vaccination rates in all the departments involved before and after introducing the prompts. Participants included male and female patients between the ages of 9 and 26 years, presenting at the clinics between January 2014 and December 2015.

Results
We reviewed over 2800 charts in all 3 clinics. After adjusting for age, ethnicity, race, type of insurance, preferred language, and clinic, the odds of immunization were 92% (P<.001) higher in patients after the prompt implementation of the EMR. In addition, there was an overall statistically significant increase in the overall HPV vaccination completion rates after implementing the CDP (31.96% vs 21.22%; P<.001). Again, OBGYN saw the most significant improvement in vaccination completion rates, with rates at follow-up 66.02% higher than baseline rates (P=.04). PD and FM had somewhat similar but no less impressive improvements (57.7% and 58.36%; P<.001).

Conclusions
Implementing an EMR CDP improved our overall odds of HPV vaccination completion by 92%. We theorize that the decision prompts remind health care providers to discuss or recommend the HPV vaccination during clinical service delivery. CDPs in the EMR help increase HPV vaccination rates in multiple specialties and are a low-cost intervention for improving vaccination rates.
PREVALENCE OF SALMONELLA AND INTESTINAL PARASITES AMONG FOOD HANDLERS PREDISPOSE CONSUMERS TO SIGNIFICANT HEALTH RISKS
Authors: Al-Ghaithi Gamil Amin Abdulla Ali , Al-Moyed Khaled Abdulkareem , Al-Shamahy Hassan Abdulwahab , Al-Haddad Ahmed Mohamed 
Published: March 2023

Background and objectives: Food borne diseases are a global public health problem and food handlers play a major role for the transmission of food borne diseases. This study was aimed at exploring the prevalence of intestinal parasites, Salmonella typhi carrier rate and risk factors of infection with typhoid and/or intestinal parasites among food handlers at Ibb city, Yemen.
Subjects and methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted among three hundred and fifteen food handlers, in age ranges from 14 to 65 years. All individuals were working in restaurants, cafeterias or school buffets in Ibb city. For collecting data; a pre-tested structured questionnaire was used. Stool samples were examined for intestinal parasites microscopy and for S. typhi by stool culture media and blood for detection antibodies per the standard laboratory methods were used.
Results: A total of 315 food handlers in Ibb city over a 12-month period were enrolled in this study, ages ranged from 14 to 65 years, with a mean±SD age of 31.2±11.9 years. The highest prevalence of antibodies against S. typhi antigen suspension O was 18.4%, while antibodies against S. typhi H antigen suspension were 7.6%. Also, the positive rate for total S. typhi antibodies ELISA IgG was 9.5% and the positive rate for S. typhi stool cultures was 7.3%. The overall prevalence of intestinal protozoa was 20%, the most intestinal parasitic prevalent was Entamoeba histolytica (15.6%), followed by Ascaris lumbricoides (12.1%), Hymenolepis nana (4.4%), and Schistosoma mansoni (3.2%).
Conclusion: Inexperienced and poor personal hygienic food handlers play a role in the transmission of food-borne infections. Local health authorities should implement food handlers training on food safety, institute periodic focused medical check-up for food handlers and improve human waste disposal.

Peer Review History:
Received: 4 January 2023; Revised: 13 February; Accepted: 8 March 2023, Available online: 15 March 2023
Academic Editor: Dr. A.A. Mgbahurike, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, amaka_mgbahurike@yahoo.com
Received file: Reviewer's Comments:
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.5/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Rola Jadallah, Arab American University, Palestine, rola@aauj.edu
Dr. Tamer Elhabibi, Suez Canal University, Egypt, tamer_hassan@pharm.suez.edu.eg
Dr. Wadhah Hassan Ali Edrees, Hajja University, Yemen, edress2020@gmail.com
Dr. Rawaa Souhil Al-Kayali, Aleppo University, Syria, rawah67@hotmail.com
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RECURRENT TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT ANKYLOSIS AMONG YEMENIS: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Da'er Sam Abd Alkarem , Farhan Abdullah Hassan , Nasher AkramThabet , Alareqi Naif Rasheed , Juain Ali Abdulwahed 
Published: March 2023

Background and aims: Recurrence of ankylosis is one of the most common complication following surgery especially during gap arthroplasty without interposition material. The main aim of these current study was to obtain a comparison between three different methods in prevent of recurrent temporomandibular joint ankylosis.
Methods: A number of 15 patients with (2-22 years) age ranged between were obtained from those attending to Al-kawait Hospital, clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Sana’a University, Yemen. All patients in the present study that have ankylosis in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) were included in period time from March 2017 to April 2020. the temporomandibular joint ankylosis Diagnosis was obtained through history of a chief complain, medical history, clinical and radiographic examinations. All patients were divided into three groups based on the type of treatment.
Results: No any signs of surgical site infection in or around the incision. In group I: three cases of recurrence ankylosis were happened, while one case was dislodging of cartilage from harvested rib in group II. However, in group III, there were no complications observed after the end period of follow-up.
Conclusion: The most effective procedure to prevent recurrence of temporomandibular joint ankylosis was the temporalis fascia as interpositional material, also produce a good esthetic and function results.

Peer Review History:
Received: 25 December 2022; Revised: 8 February; Accepted: 5 March 2023, Available online: 15 March 2023
Academic Editor: Dr. Asia Selman Abdullah, Pharmacy institute, University of Basrah, Iraq, asia_abdullah65@yahoo.com
Received file: Reviewer's Comments:
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Dr. Tamer Elhabibi, Suez Canal University, Egypt, tamer_hassan@pharm.suez.edu.eg
Dr. Bilge Ahsen KARA, Ankara Gazi Mustafa Kemal Hospital, Turkey, ahsndkyc@gmail.com
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HISTOLOGIC AND RADIOGRAPHIC STUDY OF PATHOLOGIC CHANGE IN COMPLETE IMPACTED THIRD MOLARS DENTAL FOLLICLES
PREVALENCE OF SIGNS OF TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DISORDERS IN HEALTHY ASYMPTOMATIC COMPLETELY EDENTULOUS INDIVIDUALS AND THE EFFECT OF DENTURE ON TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DISORDERS
Authors: Al-Khorasani Maha'a A. M. , Al-Kebsi Abbas M , Al-Hammadi Maged Sultan , Al-hamzi Amani Hussein Y , Al-Sanabani Nesreen F. , AL-Haddad Khaled A , Al-Najhi Mohammed Mohammed Ali , Al-Shamahy Hassan Abdulwahab , Al-Kibsi Taghreed Ahmed M 
Published: March 2023

Background and objectives: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a multi-factorial issue characterized by signs and symptoms that eventually restrict or may impede an edentulous patient’s physiological activity. The current study aimed to ascertain the prevalence of TMD among edentulous individuals, and their association with risk factors such as gender, age, educational level, habitual Khat chewing, economical status, duration of edentulousness, the age, and vertical dimension of occlusion (OVD) of the present dentures.
Materials and Methods: This study involved a thorough evaluation of 400 edentulous Yemeni patients who were undergoing prosthetic treatment at the Faculty of Dentistry Sana'a University and the University of Sciences and Technology, 114 with denture and 286 without denture. This evaluation of TMD signs and symptoms was performed using the Helkimo index. The outcomes were analyzed by correlating the research variables and the prevalence of signs and symptoms of TMD using chi-squared tests.
Results: The study’s findings showed that signs and symptoms of TMD were 82.5% and 55.3% among complete denture wearers and 80.4% and 49.0% among non-denture wearers, respectively. Furthermore, the most frequent sign and symptom was the joint sounds. This study revealed a statistically significant association between the prevalence of TMD symptoms and patient gender and between TMD signs and symptoms and OVD in denture wearers.
Conclusion: The current study supports the need to evaluate the potential impact of TMD on completely edentulous individuals and to take caution while receiving dental therapy and prosthetic rehabilitation.

Peer Review History:
Received: 6 January 2023; Revised: 11 February; Accepted: 5 March 2023, Available online: 15 March 2023
Academic Editor: Dr. DANIYAN Oluwatoyin Michael, Obafemi Awolowo University, ILE-IFE, Nigeria, toyinpharm@gmail.com
Received file: Reviewer's Comments:
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.5/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Dr. Alfonso Alexander Aguileral, University of Veracruz, Mexico, aalexander_2000@yahoo.com
Dr. Bilge Ahsen KARA, Ankara Gazi Mustafa Kemal Hospital, Turkey, ahsndkyc@gmail.com
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HISTOLOGIC AND RADIOGRAPHIC STUDY OF PATHOLOGIC CHANGE IN COMPLETE IMPACTED THIRD MOLARS DENTAL FOLLICLES