bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bone lesion cryotherapy: pictorial review and review of current evidence
Authors: Jenko Nathan , Henderson Robert D , Patel Anish T 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Over the last 2 decades, the development of small probes has enabled percutaneous use of cryotherapy. Cryotherapy, also known as cryoablation, enables the treatment of much larger lesions than other thermal ablation techniques, particularly when using multiple evenly spaced probes. Using rapid cooling to as low as -200°C (at the tip of the probe), reliable, and predictable necrosis can be induced. Probes are usually percutaneously inserted under CT guidance under sedation or general anaesthesia, often as a day case. The procedure is safe with severe complications occurring rarely; the commonest complication is neural injury in lesions closely related to neurovascular bundles. Cryotherapy has been applied to the symptomatic and occasionally curative treatment of bone metastases and a range of primary bone lesions. This review summarizes the published evidence base for the use of cryotherapy in metastatic and primary bone lesions and describes the experience with cryotherapy at the Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, a quaternary bone tumour referral hospital, where cryotherapy has been used for 3 years.
Patient Advisory Groups in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Collaborative Relationship Between Patients and Researchers
Authors: Yoo Linda , Shapiro Mara , Kahveci Ihsan , Hernandez Isabela , Whittemore Rachael , Kale Tanvi , Winders Samantha , Kamp Kendra 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Patient advisory groups are key to guiding research studies through meaningful engagement with the population of interest. Although patient advisory groups are greatly valuable to research studies, they are underutilized in inflammatory bowel disease research. Thus, this study aims to describe the development and implementation of a patient advisory group and evaluate the perspectives of researchers and members.

Methods
The Comprehensive Self-Management for inflammatory bowel disease study patient advisory group was created in 2022. The patient advisory group members and researchers completed the Public and Patient Engagement Evaluation Tool via an online survey. Thematic analysis of responses was used to identify common themes, and descriptive statistics were reported.

Results
The patient advisory group comprised of patients with inflammatory bowel disease met quarterly. Eight members and three researchers evaluated the patient advisory group. The five emerging themes were (1) lived experience of patient advisory group members; (2) diversity and representation; (3) purposeful engagement; (4) positives of patient advisory group; and (5) improvements to patient advisory group. All members agreed or strongly agreed that the meetings were a good use of their time, and all researchers strongly agreed that the group added value to the research study.

Conclusion
Patient advisory groups can create unique and positive experiences for both members and researchers when feedback is meaningfully sought, intentional, and incorporated into the study. There is a need to continue creating and using patient advisory groups with the intention of identifying problems and finding solutions alongside the inflammatory bowel disease community.
“Disappeared Balloon” ——The Trap of Transseptal Puncture for a Large Closure Device of Atrial Septal Defect: A case report
Authors: Liu Chao , Peng Rongbing , Zhao Xianxian , Guo Zhifu , Yu Manli 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Several studies have demonstrated a notable increase in the incidence of atrial arrhythmias among individuals with atrial septal defect (ASD) occluder. Although the sequential dilation technique has been proposed as the mainstream technique for transseptal puncture with ASD occluder, it is associated with substantial risks and technical difficulties.

Case Summary
We report a patient who underwent catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation and had a large ASD occlude. A balloon was dislodged into the patient’s right superior pulmonary vein (RSPV) during a transseptal puncture and was successfully captured. The most notable feature of this case was the dislodgement of the dilation balloon, which has not been reported previously.

Discussion
Repeated and gradual dilation of the pathway with a pressure balloon is unavoidable during the establishment of the left atrial channel. It is not recommended to choose a coronary balloon and Run-through guidewire. Since only the tip of the coronary balloon is connected to the guide wire, it cannot stably guide the balloon through the puncture hole. When using OTW or peripheral vascular balloon, the balloon can stably attach to the guide wire as a whole, which allows movement along the puncture hole. The puncture hole can be safely expanded using a peripheral vascular balloon combined with a loach guidewire in subsequent expansion. In addition, it is important to avoid violent manipulation. After confirming the dislodgement of the balloon, it is imperative to remove it. Relying solely on oral anticoagulation may not sufficiently decrease the risk of thrombosis.
Noninvasive assessment of myocardial perfusion using ultrafast ultrasound: clinical study for congenital heart disease
Authors: Nguyen Minh B , Zhang Naiyuan , Mertens Luc L , Barron David , Honjo Osami , Venet Maelys , Baranger Jerome , Villemain Olivier 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Aims
Myocardial perfusion impacts cardiac function following surgical repair of critical congenital heart disease (CCHD). Temporal variation assessment of myocardial blood volume throughout the cardiac cycle can be a surrogate for perfusion. Ultrafast power Doppler (UPD) is an ultrasound imaging technique capable of noninvasively quantifying myocardial blood volume changes. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility of perioperative transthoracic UPD assessment and to determine if UPD reflects physiologic changes in myocardial perfusion.

Methods and results
Five neonatal transposition of the great arteries (TGA) undergoing arterial switch operation (ASO), five hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) undergoing Stage 1 palliation (S1P), and five age/weight-matched controls were prospectively recruited. Transthoracic UPD acquisitions were performed before/after operations. Segmental perfusion in right/left ventricles (RV/LV) was assessed. The controls’ myocardial perfusion patterns are visually similar to published human references for both ventricles. Systolic/diastolic myocardial perfusion differences were modified by ASO in the RV (P = 0.03) but not for LV (P = 0.99). For HLHS patients, no difference after S1P was observed in either the RV (P = 0.16) nor the LV (P = 0.51).

Conclusion
For TGA patients, the perfusion profile of the myocardium seems to be directly influenced by the intracavitary pressure (directly driving coronary perfusion pressure), namely if it was the systemic or sub-pulmonary ventricle. Our data suggests that UPD could noninvasively quantify myocardial perfusion variation. Myocardial perfusion patterns change in CCHD according to their haemodynamic and surgical status. Correlation with clinical outcomes requires further study.
Was There a Seymour–Paget Coup After All? Reconsidering Henry VIII’s Wills, Written and Unwritten
Authors: Head David M 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Henry VIII’s will has provoked controversy almost from the moment of his death, and historians have debated its genesis and terms for generations. More recently, the issue of an ‘unwritten will’ making gifts and grants to those in Henry’s inner circle, documented only by the statements of Sir William Paget and two others before the Privy Council, has complicated the debate. Although Paget testified to an order of events, his account lacks dates, leading to conflicting claims over when and how both the gifts and grants and the will were agreed to by Henry, if at all. After a review of the historiography of the will, many, if not all, of the issues in contention are resolved in this article. Applying new and overlooked evidence, much of it relating to the fall of the Howards, the article substantiates a clear timeline of events, refuting claims that the will was altered or replaced after Henry’s death, or that Paget’s statement was misleading if not outright false.
Representation Zeta Functions of Groups of Type A2 in Positive Characteristic
Authors: Onn Uri , Prasad Amritanshu , Singla Pooja 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We prove two conjectures regarding the representation growth of groups of type $A_{2}$. The first, conjectured by Avni, Klopsch, Onn, and Voll, regards the universality of representation zeta functions over local complete discrete valuation rings. The second is the Larsen–Lubotzky conjecture on the representation growth of irreducible lattices in groups of type $A_{2}$ in positive characteristic, assuming Serre’s conjecture on the congruence subgroup property.
Target site mutations and metabolic detoxification of insecticides in continental populations of Cimex lectularius and Cimex hemipterus (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)
Authors: Porras-Villamil Julián Felipe , Hansen Immo A , Uranga Lee A , Pinch Matthew , Schal Coby , Sáez-Durán Sandra , Bueno-Marí Rubén , Trelis María , Fuentes Màrius V , Gaire Sudip , Romero Alvaro 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In recent decades, the common and the tropical bed bugs have experienced a resurgence in many parts of the world. The evolution of insecticide resistance in bed bug populations is considered a significant factor contributing to this resurgence. We analyzed samples of Cimex lectularius L. and Cimex hemipterus (F.) from Europe (Spain 41, Switzerland 2, the Czech Republic 1), Asia (Hong Kong 34), North America (USA 14, Mexico 3), and South America (Colombia 3) to assess the prevalence and mechanisms of insecticide resistance. We identified specimens morphologically and barcoded them by sequencing the mitochondrial Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and the 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) genes. Additionally, we screened segments of the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) and the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) genes for point mutations associated with insecticide resistance and measured the activity of detoxifying enzymes. All samples from North America and Europe were identified as C. lectularius, whereas specimens from Hong Kong were C. hemipterus. Out of 64 C. lectularius samples tested for knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations, 90.6% contained at least 1 known mutation. All 35 C. hemipterus samples exhibited kdr mutations. A new mutation was identified in the pyrethroid target site in both common (F1524C) and tropical (F1450C) bed bugs. No resistance-associated mutations in the nAChR gene were found. Several populations that exhibited kdr mutations also showed elevated activity of detoxifying enzymes. The high frequency of kdr-associated mutations in bed bug populations from Spain and Hong Kong limits the efficacy of pyrethroids for their control.
A comprehensive analysis of R's application in ecological research from 2008 to 2023
Authors: Gao Meixiang , Ye Yanyan , Zheng Ye , Lai Jiangshan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The field of ecology has been greatly enhanced by the integration of computational tools and statistical methods, with the programming language R emerging as a pivotal and flexible tool for ecological inquiry. As ecological research accelerates, understanding the prevalent trends and specific usage patterns of R in recent studies is crucial. Our investigation explored the use of R and its packages in 125,494 scholarly articles across 40 ecology journals from 2008 to 2023. A considerable number of articles, 52,658 (41.96%), designated R as their principal analytical tool, demonstrating a steady linear growth in its utilization from 10.31% in 2008 to 66.88% in 2023. Twelve R packages, including "lme4," "vegan," "nlme," "MuMIn," "ape," "ggplot2," "car," "mgcv," "MASS," "raster," "multcomp," and "lmerTest," each played a pivotal role in contributing to more than 1,000 scholarly articles. The highest usage rate of the lme4 package indicates that mixed-effect models have a particularly important role in ecological research, and the application of these models has helped ecologists solve many important scientific problems. Journal-specific package preferences aligned with their scientific domains, while the rise in the average number of R packages per article signals a trend towards more complex analytical methods in ecology. Our findings indicate a reciprocal relationship between the development of R and ecological research, underscoring the need for collaboration among quantitative ecologists, R developers, and ecologists to further advance both the language and the field.
Rossby wave instability in magnetized protoplanetary discs – I. Azimuthal or vertical B-fields
Authors: Cui Can , Tripathi Ashutosh , Yu Cong , Lin Min-Kai , Youdin Andrew 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Rossby wave instability (RWI) is considered the underlying mechanism to crescent-shaped azimuthal asymmetries, discovered in (sub-)millimeter dust continuum of many protoplanetary discs. Previous works on linear theory were conducted in the hydrodynamic limit. Nevertheless, protoplanetary discs are likely magnetized and weakly ionized. We examine the influence of magnetic fields and non-ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effects – namely, Ohmic resistivity, Hall drift, and ambipolar diffusion – on the RWI unstable modes. We perform radially global linear analyses, employing constant azimuthal ($B_\phi$) or vertical ($B_z$) background magnetic fields. It is found that, in the ideal MHD regime, magnetism can either enhance or diminish RWI growth. Strong non-ideal MHD effects cause RWI growth rates to recover hydrodynamic results. The sign of Hall Elsässer number slightly complicates the results. Vertical wavenumbers can diminish growth rates.
High-resolution imaging of the radio source associated with Project Hephaistos Dyson Sphere Candidate G
Authors: Ren T , Garrett M A , Siemion A P V 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
We present high-resolution e-MERLIN and EVN (e-VLBI) observations of a radio source associated with Dyson Sphere candidate G, identified as part of Project Hephaistos. The radio source, VLASS J233532.86−000424.9, is resolved into three compact components and shows the typical characteristics of a radio-loud active galactic nucleus (AGN). In particular, the European VLBI Network (EVN) observations show that it has a brightness temperature in excess of $10^{8}$ K. No radio emission is detected at the position of the M-dwarf star. This result confirms our earlier hypothesis, that at least some of the Dyson Sphere candidates of project Hephaistos are contaminated by obscured, background AGN, lying close to the line of sight of otherwise normal galactic stars. High-resolution radio observations of other Dyson Sphere candidates can be useful in distinguishing truly promising candidates from those contaminated by background sources.
Drosophila CG11700 may not affect male fecundity-lifespan tradeoff as previously reported
Authors: Zuo Dashuang , Liu Weiwei , Zhao Ruoping , Zhu Kesen , Wang Wen , Xiang Hui 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Our recent investigations on the function of Drosophila CG11700 and CG32744 (Ubi-p5E) genes using CRISPR/Cas9 deletion technology could not repeat or confirm the results on CG11700 shown in our previous study, which was based on P-element excision assay (Zhan Z, Ding Y, Zhao R, Zhang Y, Yu H, Zhou Q, Yang S, Xiang H, Wang W. Rapid functional divergence of a newly evolved polyubiquitin gene in Drosophila and its role in the trade-off between male fecundity and lifespan. Mol Biol Evol. 2012:29(5):1407–1416. doi:10.1093/molbev/msr299). Here, by CRISPR/Cas9 editing, we generated mutants of CG32744 with the whole gene body fully deleted from the genome, and truncated mutants of CG11700 with N-terminal 103 aa deleted out of its total 301 aa peptide sequence. We carefully conducted the male fecundity assay and found that offsprings of the CG11700 mutant were not significantly more than the wild type, inconsistent with our previous report (Zhan et al. 2012). Meanwhile, we repeated the lifespan assay and did not find that the lifespan of the CG11700 mutant was significantly shorter than the wild type as reported (2012). The new results suggest that the CG11700 gene may not affect male fecundity-lifespan tradeoff as previously reported (Zhan et al. 2012). The new results are thus worthy of reporting to avoid possible misleading by the previous results to the scientific community.
BCG-Induced DNA Methylation Changes Improve Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccine Immunity Without Decreasing the Risk for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection
Authors: Carrero Longlax Santiago , Koster Kent J , Kamat Ashish M , Lozano Marisa , Lerner Seth P , Hannigan Rebecca , Nishiguchi Tomoki , Abhimanyu  , Sheikh Daanish , Ladki Malik , Portillo Alexandra , Koirala Amrit , Patel Tajhal D , Spieler Zoe , Benjamin Aaron B , Lebedev Maxim , Ofili Theresa U , Hutchison Robert W , Udeani George , Opperman Lynne A , Neal Gabriel , Mandalakas Anna M , Netea Mihai G , Arditi Moshe , Avalos Pablo , Grimm Sandra L , Coarfa Cristian , Cirillo Jeffrey D , DiNardo Andrew R 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The BCG vaccine induces trained immunity, an epigenetic-mediated increase in innate immune responsiveness. Therefore, this clinical trial evaluated if BCG-induced trained immunity could decrease coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)–related frequency or severity.

Methods
A double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of healthcare workers randomized participants to vaccination with BCG TICE or placebo (saline). Enrollment included 529 healthcare workers randomized to receive BCG or placebo. Primary analysis evaluated COVID-19 disease frequency, while secondary analysis evaluated coronavirus immunity in a subset of participants. Study enrollment ceased early in December 2020 following introduction of COVID-19–specific vaccines.

Results
Study enrollment was halted early, prior to reaching the targeted recruitment, and was not powered to detect a decrease in COVID-19 frequency. Symptomatic COVID-19 occurred in 21 of 263 and 10 of 266 participants in the BCG and placebo arms, respectively (P = .50, Fisher exact test). Participants vaccinated with BCG, but uninfected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), demonstrated increased coronavirus vaccine immunity (increase spike-inducible levels of tumor necrosis factor, interleukin 6, and interleukin 1β) 12 months after BCG vaccination compared to participants receiving placebo. Immune responsiveness to SARS-CoV-2 antigens correlated with BCG-induced DNA methylation changes.

Conclusions
Due to early study closure, the study was not powered to evaluate COVID-19 frequency. Secondary analysis demonstrated that 12 months following vaccination, BCG increased coronavirus vaccine immunity compared to those who did not receive BCG. This increase in COVID-19 vaccine immunity correlated with BCG-induced DNA methylation changes.
Disentangling protein metabolic costs in human cells and tissues
Authors: Chagoyen Mónica , Poyatos Juan F 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
While more data are becoming available on gene activity at different levels of biological organization, our understanding of the underlying biology remains incomplete. Here, we introduce a metabolic efficiency framework that considers highly expressed proteins (HEPs), their length, and biosynthetic costs in terms of the amino acids (AAs) they contain to address the observed balance of expression costs in cells, tissues, and cancer transformation. Notably, the combined set of HEPs in either cells or tissues shows an abundance of large and costly proteins, yet tissues compensate this with short HEPs comprised of economical AAs, indicating a stronger tendency toward mitigating costs. We additionally observe that short proteins are prevalent HEPs across individual cells and tissues, whereas long ones are more specific. Furthermore, the precise proportion of short, long, economical, or costly HEP classes indicates that particular cell types and tissues align more closely with the metabolic efficiency model, with some tissues displaying behavior akin to their constituent cells. Finally, tumors typically increase the production of short and low-cost HEPs compared with matched normal tissues, while genes that decrease their high expression levels in tumors often tend to be associated with high costs. Overall, the metabolic efficiency framework serves as a useful simplifying model for interpreting genome-wide expression data across scales.
Nelonemdaz Treatment for Patients With Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Chun Byeong Jo , Yeom Seok Ran , Chung Sung Phil , Lee Young Hwan , Lee Jungsoo , Kim Yun-Hee , Lee Ji Sung , Lee Jin Soo , An Chun San , Gwag Byoung Joo , Choi Jin-Ho 
Published: January 2025

Objectives:
Nelonemdaz is a N-methyl d-aspartate receptor subtype 2B-selective N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist and a potent free-radical scavenger that might ameliorate hypoxic-ischemic brain injury after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). We investigated the efficacy of nelonemdaz for patients with OHCA.

Design:
A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, multicenter phase II trial.

Setting:
This trial enrolled 105 patients at five sites in South Korea between November 18, 2018, and February 23, 2023.

Participants:
OHCA patients undergoing targeted temperature management.

Interventions:
Patients were randomly assigned to high-dose (5250 mg), low-dose (3250 mg), and placebo groups at a 1:1:1 ratio.

Measurements and Main Results:
Patients with a median age of 61 years (82% male) were assigned to the high-dose (n = 37), low-dose (n = 35), and placebo (n = 33) groups. The primary outcome, the serum level of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) at 48–52 hours, was evaluated in 93 patients. There was no difference in serum NSE between high-dose (median and interquartile range; 23.7, 15.0–69.9) and placebo (17.5, 13.6–113.0) groups, or between low-dose (26.6, 16.2–83.4) and placebo groups (all p > 0.05). Brain MRI fractional anisotropy was significantly higher in the high-dose group compared with the placebo group (0.465, 0.449–0.485 vs. 0.441, 0.431–0.464; p = 0.028), but not between low-dose (0.462, 0.439–0.480) and placebo groups (p > 0.05). At day 90, the common odds ratio (95% CI) indicating a numerically favorable shift in the modified Rankin Scale was 1.25 (0.48–3.24) and 1.22 (0.47–3.20) in the high-dose and low-dose groups, respectively, compared with placebo group (all p > 0.05). No serious adverse events were reported.

Conclusions:
Nelonemdaz treatment of patients after OHCA did not reduce serum NSE levels compared with controls. Patients treated with high-dose nelonemdaz showed higher brain MRI fractional anisotropy suggesting less cerebral white matter damage.