bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbiota–gut–brain axis and related therapeutics in Alzheimer’s disease: prospects for multitherapy and inflammation control
Authors: Li Jiahao , Zhang Feng , Zhao Li , Dong Chunbo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia in the elderly and causes neurodegeneration, leading to memory loss, behavioral disorder, and psychiatric impairment. One potential mechanism contributing to the pathogenesis of AD may be the imbalance in gut microbiota, local and systemic inflammation, and dysregulation of the microbiota–gut–brain axis (MGBA). Most of the AD drugs approved for clinical use today are symptomatic treatments that do not improve AD pathologic changes. As a result, researchers are exploring novel therapeutic modalities. Treatments involving the MGBA include antibiotics, probiotics, transplantation of fecal microbiota, botanical products, and others. However, single-treatment modalities are not as effective as expected, and a combination therapy is gaining momentum. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent advances in MGBA-related pathological mechanisms and treatment modalities in AD and to propose a new concept of combination therapy. “MGBA-based multitherapy” is an emerging view of treatment in which classic symptomatic treatments and MGBA-based therapeutic modalities are used in combination. Donepezil and memantine are two commonly used drugs in AD treatment. On the basis of the single/combined use of these two drugs, two/more additional drugs and treatment modalities that target the MGBA are chosen based on the characteristics of the patient’s condition as an adjuvant treatment, as well as the maintenance of good lifestyle habits. “MGBA-based multitherapy” offers new insights for the treatment of cognitive impairment in AD patients and is expected to show good therapeutic results.
Study on the synthesis and properties of cardanol sulfonate
Authors: Liu Yue , Xu Hujun , Yang Jingguo , Gao Haiyan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this work, using the natural product cardanol and chlorosulfonic acid as the main raw materials, the anionic surfactant cardanol sulfonate (CDS) was synthesised and investigated for its surface properties and thermodynamic properties using surface tension, conductivity and fluorescence methods. In addition, the application properties of CDS, such as foaming and cleaning ability were investigated and compared with those of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS). The structure of the surfactant was characterised by FTIR, 1H NMR and MS. The Krafft point of the surfactant was below 25 °C, indicating good water solubility. The CMC values were determined by surface tension, conductivity and micropolarity measurements. The obtained CMCs agreed well within the measuring accuracy. The CMC increased with increasing temperature. As a function of temperature, the following CMC values were obtained: 5.13 × 10−3 mol L−1 (25 °C), 5.63 × 10−3 mol L−1 (35 °C) and 5.77 × 10−3 mol L−1 (45 °C). The values of surface tensions at the respective CMCs were γ
CMC = 44.47 mN m−1 (25 °C), 43.53 mN m−1 (35 °C), and 42.45 mN m−1 (45 °C). The application property results showed that the foaming capacity, foam stabilisation and cleaning ability of CDS and SDBS were similar to each other, indicating that CDS can be used as a raw material for commercial detergent production.
Ternary amalgams: expanding the structural variety of the Gd14Ag51 family
Authors: Hohl Timotheus , Nusser Lukas , Wulfes Jessica , Hoch Constantin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In intermetallic chemistry, the Gd14Ag51 structure type is rather common and has many amalgam representatives. Up to today, binary amalgams of this type have been described for M = Na, Ca, Sr, Eu, Yb, and the structure family still is growing. Yb11Hg54 is the only representative with a fully ordered crystal structure, and all other representatives exhibit individual disorder phenomena or patterns. The diversity of disorder phenomena in this structural family is unique. In order to shed a light on the underlying reasons for this unexpected structural complexity, we compare the available literature structure models with three new ternary variants, Yb10.7Sr0.3Hg54, Ca4.5Eu6.5Hg54 and Ca6.9Na4.1Hg54 (all in space group type

P

6
‾

$P\overline{6}$

, a = 13.5379(12), 13.5406(8) and 13.564(5) Å, c = 9.7488(14), 9.7149 and 9.810(7) Å for Yb10.7Sr0.3Hg54, Ca4.5Eu6.5Hg54 and Ca6.9Na4.1Hg54, respectively). Their crystal structures have been examined in detail on the basis of both single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction data. Each of the three new amalgams exhibits its own set of disorder phenomena that is again different from those of the respective binary variants. The synopsis of the crystal structures and their individual disorder phenomena indicates that the reason for the disorder phenomena cannot be found only by analyzing geometric details such as atomic radii quotients or coordination polyhedral volumina, and additional electronic reasons must be assumed.
The Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric and the principle of equivalence
Authors: Melia Fulvio 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The evidence in favor of a Universe expanding at a constant rate, in contrast to the various episodes of deceleration and acceleration expected in the standard model, has been accumulating for over a decade now. In recent years, this inference has been strengthened by a study of the Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) metric in relation to Einstein’s principle of equivalence. This earlier work concluded that the choice of lapse function g

tt
= 1 characterizing the FLRW solution to Einstein’s equations is inconsistent with any kind of accelerated cosmic expansion. In this paper, we demonstrate and confirm this important result by directly testing the self-consistency of four well-known FLRW cosmologies. These include the Milne universe, de Sitter space, the Lanczos universe, and the R
h = ct model. We show that only the constantly expanding models (Milne and R
h = ct) are consistent with the principle of equivalence, while de Sitter and Lanczos fail the test. We discuss some of the many consequences of this conclusion.
Structural morphological, and thermal properties of nano bentonite and α-Fe2O3/bentonite nanocomposite
Authors: Sharma Pratibha , Kumari Sujata , Ghosh Debasree , Kumar Jitender , Vij Ankush , Brajpuriya Ranjeet Kumar , Rawat Pooja , Srivastava Chandra Mohan , Saini Sonia , Sharma Vivek , Hassan Md. Imtaiyaz , Majumder Sudip 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Here, in this work, acid-activated bentonite and its nanocomposite with hematite nanoparticles were synthesized using the simple chemithermal and thermal coupling methods, respectively. The synthesized samples were investigated for morphological, compositional, structural, and thermal properties. Results suggested distortion in clay structure on acid activation and nanocomposite formation with improved thermal stability. Nanocomposite acts as a quencher for thermoluminescence and as an insulator in heat transfer reactions.
Imatinib use in the management of a patient with Doege–Potter syndrome
Authors: Paz-Ibarra Jose , Lu-Antara Jose , Uscamayta Brenda-Erendida , Martinez-Auris Jhancy , Valencia-Rivera Miriam , Sáenz-Bustamante Sofía , Delgado-Rojas Marialejandra , Salcedo-Vasquez Julia , Concepción-Zavaleta Marcio 
Published: April 2023

Summary
Doege–Potter syndromeis a paraneoplastic syndrome characterized by nonislet cell tumor hypoglycemia due to a solitary fibrous tumor, which produces insulin-like growth factor II. In this report, we present the case of a 67-year-old male with recurrent and refractory hypoglycemia due to DPS successfully treated with imatinib. He initially presented with neuroglycopenic symptoms and dyspnea secondary to a giant tumor in the left hemithorax, which was totally resected. During follow-up, 7 years later, he presented with thoracoabdominal tumor recurrence associated with severe hypoglycemia and underwent subtotal tumor resection, with a subsequent improvement of symptoms. The following year, he had a recurrence of his intra-abdominal tumor, which was unresectable, associated with severe hypoglycemia refractory to dextrose infusion and corticosteroids, thus receiving imatinib with a favorable response. The clinical presentation, diagnostic approach, progression of the disease, and response to treatment with imatinib in the management of a patient with large, recurrent, and unresectable mesenchymal tumors with insulin-like growth factor-2 secretion causing hypoglycemiahighlight the importance of this case report.

Learning points

Doege–Potter syndrome (DPS) is a rare cause of tumoral hypoglycemia of non-pancreatic origin.

Some malignant or benignant neoplasms have ectopic secretion of insulin-like growth factor-2.

Total surgical removal is the principal treatment in patients with DPS.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors management in DPS may contribute to improved tumor control in patients with unresectable tumors and severe hypoglycemia.
Transformation of Folklore Images and Motifs in Dara Korniy’s Novel “Honykhmarnyk”
Authors: Vivcharyk Nataliia 
Published: April 2023

The article examines folklore motifs and images of Dara Kornyi's novel "Honykhmarnyk", which is offered to be analyzed in the Ukrainian literature class in the 11th grade in the context of studying modern literature. It is indicated that the writer contributed to the development of the urban fantasy genre, and her work is rooted in folklore and mythology, which will allow students to deepen their knowledge of oral folk art, to draw parallels with the works they studied in high school, in particular Lesia Ukrainka's "Forest Song" and "Shadows of forgotten ancestors" by Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi. It is proven that the synthesis of arts as a characteristic feature of the style, folklore echoes, poetic epigraphs, and mentions of the names of famous artists significantly expand the context of the work and generate allusions that should be analyzed in class. The title of the novel and the names of individual sections indicate its connection with mythology and folklore. The work contains many legends, tales, and folk songs, and artistically interprets the image of a duplicitous man who belongs to the corpus of Ukrainian "lower mythology". The article analyzes the main signs of a two-headed person and also focuses on rituals that can reduce the power of Gradobur. In parallel with the image of Honykhmarnyk, the history of the herbalist family, to which Alina belongs, is described. A whole series of legends, tales, and superstitions are woven into the artistic fabric of the work, in particular, about the power of charms that protect against evil spirits. One of the aspects of the research was the legend of the family curse and Alina's efforts to break the closed circle. The struggle between good and evil in the work is marked as a confrontation between black and white magic.
It has been proven that the Carpathian and Lviv topos play an important role in the novel, in the coordinates at which the main characters interact. It is revealed that nature reveals the true nature of the heroes, and the patron of the city guards the secrets of its inhabitants. It is illustrated that Dara Korniy resorts to erasing the boundaries between reality, memories, dreams, and real and parallel worlds, and paintings serve as a kind of portals to the afterlife. The main character tries to separate two beings and save the soul of her beloved. It is indicated that the journeys to the afterlife are filled with horror, so they resemble fragments of Gothic works, but the power of her love can overcome all obstacles.
Etiologies of Poor Weight Gain and Ultimate Diagnosis in Children Admitted for Growth Faltering
Authors: Peterson Lu Elise , Bowen James , Foglia Matthew , Ribar Ellen , Mack Molly , Sondhi Esha , Hickey Robert W. 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Growth faltering (GF) (previously failure to thrive) is a common reason for hospital admission, but there is little data on whether diagnoses made during initial admission remain accurate in follow-up. We sought to characterize infants admitted for isolated GF and identify diagnoses at discharge and ultimate diagnoses determined over 2 years of follow-up, to determine how diagnoses changed. We also sought to identify patient factors on admission associated with ultimate diagnosis.

METHODS
We conducted a retrospective study of children aged 2 weeks to 2 years with index admissions for GF from 2013 to 2017. We reviewed clinical data and documentation to determine discharge and ultimate diagnosis, and identify factors associated with ultimate diagnosis.

RESULTS
Of 497 patients, 292 (59%) had insufficient intake, 103 (20%) had organic disease including 36 genetic disorders, 52 (11%) had mechanical feeding difficulties, and 50 (10%) had mixed or unknown diagnoses 2 years after admission. Over 90% of cases of insufficient intake were diagnosed during admission. Sixty-five percent of organic diseases, and only 39% of genetic disorders, were diagnosed during admission. Patient factors associated with genetic disorders included previous NICU stay, low birth weight, dysphagia, hypotonia, and dysmorphisms.

CONCLUSIONS
Insufficient intake remains the most common diagnosis, and this diagnosis was accurately made during admission. Organic disease, especially genetic disease, was often not diagnosed during admission. Better tools are needed to identify patients with organic disease. We identified patient factors on admission associated with ultimate diagnosis, which could be used to prioritize evaluation and expedite follow-up.
COVID-19 Vaccine Safety First Year Findings in Adolescents
Authors: Hesse Elisabeth M. , Hause Anne , Myers Tanya , Su John R. , Marquez Paige , Zhang Bicheng , Cortese Margaret M. , Thames-Allen Andrea , Curtis Christine R. , Maloney Susan A. , Thompson Deborah , Nair Narayan , Alimchandani Meghna , Niu Manette , Gee Julianne , Shay David K. , Shimabukuro Tom T. ,   MIS-C REVIEW GROUP
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
The Food and Drug Administration expanded Emergency Use Authorization for use of Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT-162b2) coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine to include people ages 12 years and older on May 10, 2021. We describe adverse events observed during the first full year of the US coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination program for adolescents ages 12 to 17 years.

METHODS
We conducted descriptive analyses using data from 2 complementary US vaccine safety monitoring systems: v-safe, a voluntary smartphone-based system that monitors reactions and health impacts, and the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), the national spontaneous reporting system. We reviewed reports and calculated adverse event reporting rates using vaccine administration data.

RESULTS
Among 172 032 adolescents ages 12 to 17 years enrolled in v-safe, most reported reactions following BNT-162b2 were mild to moderate, most frequently reported on the day after vaccination, and more common after dose 2. VAERS received 20 240 adverse event reports; 91.5% were nonserious. Among adverse events of interest, we verified 40 cases of multisystem inflammation syndrome in children (1.2 cases per million vaccinations), 34 (85%) of which had evidence of prior severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection; and 570 cases of myocarditis (17.7 cases per million vaccinations), most of whom (77%) reported symptom resolution at the time of report.

CONCLUSIONS
During the first year BNT-162b2 was administered to adolescents ages 12 to 17 years, most reported adverse events were mild and appeared self-limited. Rates of myocarditis were lower than earlier reports. No new serious safety concerns were identified.
Entheogens and spiritual seeking: The quest for self-transcendence, psychological well-being, and psychospiritual growth
Authors: St. Arnaud Kevin O. , Sharpe Donald 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and aimsAlthough numerous cultures have used psychoactive substances for spiritual, or entheogenic, purposes, little is known about contemporary entheogenic spirituality, particularly outside of the few traditions that retain sacramental drug use practices.MethodTo better conceptualize contemporary patterns of entheogenic drug use, an international, online study of entheogenic drug users was conducted (n = 684). Hierarchical regression analysis was used to explore entheogenic drug use in relation to measures of spiritual seeking (importance of spirituality in life, mediation practice, openness to experience), self-transcendent experiences (awe-proneness, mystical experiences), psychological well-being (psychological distress, subjective and eudaimonic well-being), and psychospiritual development (quiet ego, self-transcendence/wisdom, and spiritual development). ANOVA was used to compare entheogenic drug users with non-entheogenic drug users and non-drug users to assess differences across these psychospiritual variables.ResultsOf the 12 drug categories assessed, the classic psychedelics were most commonly used as entheogens. Entheogenic classic psychedelic use was associated with all of the assessed psychospiritual variables; entheogenic classic psychedelic users showed higher levels of spiritual seeking, self-transcendence, psychological well-being, and psychospiritual development compared to non-entheogenic classic psychedelic users and non-users.ConclusionEntheogenic spirituality may be conceptualized as a practice of spiritual seeking or implicit mysticism–the quest for self-transcendence and personal growth.
Phytochemical Screening and in vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Lawsonia Inermis Barks
Authors: NTAGANDA Jean , Ntaganda Jean , Mukandayisenga Devotha , Mukeshimana Theodette , Shimirwa Jean Bosco 
Published: April 2023

Plants have been used as medicine since time immemorial (Ushimaru et al., 2007). Medicinal plants are essential sources of easily accessible remedies used by traditional healers. Henna leaves are used to cure jaundice, skin diseases, dysentery, arthritis (Sharma et al., 2018). Lawsonia inermis is widely used by Rwandan as cosmetic products and in treatment of different ailments. This study was aimed to investigate the phytochemical screening and in vitro antimicrobial activities of different extracts of L. inermis barks collected from Huye District in Southern Province of Rwanda. The dried and powdered barks were extracted with methanol and cyclohexane by maceration giving 1.627g (10.83%), 0.173.g (1.15%) respectively. The extracts were concentrated for further phytochemical tests and evaluated for antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus using disk diffusion method.The results from phytochemical screening revealed the presence of terpenoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, flavonoids, proteins and saponins. Lawsonia inermis barks displayed antimicrobial activity against both gram negative and gram positive bacterial strains used in the present study. The findings of antimicrobial assay showed that the methanol extract of lawsonia inermis barks with the concentration of 10-1 has an antibacterial activity against gram negative bacteria Escherichia coli with zone of inhibition of 10 mm which is same as, the positive control, penicillin inhibition zone (10 mm) with the same concentration. The antibacterial activity of cyclohexane extract against E. coli showed a smaller inhibition zone of 9 mm for diluted inoculum (10-1). For the same concentrations of extracts and inoculums, the methanol extract inhibited Staphylococcus aureus (gram positive) growth with zone of inhibition of 9 mm, while the antibacterial activity of cyclohexane extract against the same bacteria was 4 mm, which are smaller than penicillin inhibition zone (18 mm).Â Key words: lawsonia inermis, phytochemical screening, anti-microbial activity, E. coli, S. aureus.
Improvement of self-care behaviors in patients with heart failure
Authors: Arredondo Holguín Edith , Rodríguez Gázquez María de los Ángeles , Higuita Urrego Lina Marcela 
Published: April 2023

Objective. To evaluate the improvement in self-care behaviors after a nursing educational intervention in patients with heart failure.
Methodology. The study had the participation of 29 patients over 30 years of age, who attended in 2010 the cardiovascular healthcare program of a hospital institution in Medellín (Colombia) and who signed the informed consent and received for nine months a nursing educational intervention consisting of group educational meetings, telenursing sessions, home visits, and support leaflet. The study applied Artinian’s Self-care scale validated in the field, composed of 28 items distributed in four dimensions (request for help, adaptation to disease, and adherence to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments). To evaluate changes in these behaviors, the scale was applied at the beginning and end of the study.
Results. Bearing in mind that the maximum possible score in the scale is 84, the patients had initial and final median scores of 40 and 53 (p < 0.05). The dimensions in which the most positive changes were observed were: request for help, adaptation to the disease, and adherence to the pharmacological treatment; regarding adherence to the non-pharmacological treatment, two behaviors did not obtain favorable changes (reduction in salt intake and measurement of the amount of urine eliminated).
Conclusion. The nursing educational intervention conducted in our study had beneficial effects on most of the self-care behaviors assessed in individuals with HF.
In the footsteps of research in the Faculty of Nursing at U de A
Authors: Salazar Maya Ángela 
Published: April 2023

This year, on the 24th of August, we commemorated 25 years since the creation of the Research Center at the Faculty of Nursing (CIFE, for the term in Spanish). Celebrating this date implies visiting the past and rescuing the events that permitted its creation and development.
The Center, a project by Dean Liria Pérez (1983 - 1985), had as main objectives to continue promoting research among professors and editing a scientific journal.1 It was approved by the Superior Council on 24 August 1987,2 when Cecilia Soto was Dean.
The CIFE began operating under the direction of Professor Marta Lucía Toro (1987-1989). In 1989, the CIFE Technical Committee (TC) evaluated the state of research in the Faculty and considered it a priority for its advancement the creation of groups to develop lines of research. One of the most important results by the Center, along these years, was when it held the Forum on Nursing Practices1 in 1990, which concluded with the proposal to stimulate the development of research to contribute in the elaboration of protocols for care, validation of nursing models, and which could help in the construction of standards to improve the quality of care at different levels.