bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BaYaka forager food sharing networks in the Congo Basin: The roles of gender homophily and kin sharing
Authors: Gettler Lee T. , Redhead Daniel , Dzabatou Ardain , Lew‐Levy Sheina 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectivesFood sharing is a costly form of cooperation that was likely critical to human evolutionary success, including the emergence of human's life history strategy. Food sharing in human communities may be maintained through a number of pathways, including direct dyadic reciprocity, reputation‐based processes, and kin‐biased exchange. Differences in reproductive demands, labor, and cultural norms may also result in gendered differences in cooperative networks. Here, we examine cooperative networks in egalitarian BaYaka foragers from the Congo Basin.Materials and MethodsWe collected social network data from 112 adults in 41 households in this subsistence community. We implement a Bayesian latent network model to assess individual‐, dyadic‐, and block‐level predictors of food sharing partners.ResultsConditioning on covariates, we found limited evidence for direct dyadic reciprocity in food sharing. Despite local norms regarding prestige avoidance, we found status‐based homophily. High‐status individuals—council members and local healers—were more likely to share with one another. Importantly, our results highlight gender differences in patterns of food sharing, interacting with genetic relatedness. Women were more likely to share with one another, especially with kin as genetic relatedness increased.DiscussionOur results align with evolutionary framing emphasizing kin selection in costly cooperation. The results showing that women cooperate with other women, particularly kin, also complement sex‐based patterns in some other mammalian species, potentially reflecting the social support necessary to manage reproductive costs and childcare. BaYaka women's subsistence productivity and local cultural dynamics for autonomy and egalitarianism may likewise help facilitate women's preferential cooperation with one another.
Identification of Proteins Using Supramolecular Gold Nanoparticle‐Dye Sensor Arrays
Authors: Jiang Mingdi , Gupta Aarohi , Zhang Xianzhi , Nath Chattopadhyay Aritra , Fedeli Stefano , Huang Rui , Yang Junwhee , Rotello Vincent M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe rapid detection of proteins is very important in the early diagnosis of diseases. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can be engineered to bind biomolecules efficiently and differentially. Cross‐reactive sensor arrays have high sensitivity for sensing proteins using differential interactions between sensor elements and bioanalytes. A new sensor array was fabricated using surface‐charged AuNPs with dyes supramolecularly encapsulated into the AuNP monolayer. The fluorescence of dyes is partially quenched by the AuNPs and can be restored or further quenched due to the differential interactions between AuNPs with proteins. This sensing system enables the discrimination of proteins in both buffer and human serum, providing a potential tool for real‐world disease diagnostics.
Comparative study on CuO–La2O3/ZrO2 catalysts prepared by amino acid complexing‐combustion in CO2 hydrogenation
Authors: Ding Jian , Zhang Can , Zhang Jiaxin , Liu Huimin , Yu Gewen , Yu Tingting , Wang Yuqing , Guo Xiaohui 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFor preparation of functional materials, the facile and efficient complexing‐combustion method has many advantages such as the easily operating, no washing and filtration process, a slight loss of the products obtained, material saving, and so on. Here, CuO–La2O3/ZrO2 catalysts were prepared by using various amino acids as complexing‐combustion agents for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol. Based on the results of characterization by N2 physical adsorption, SEM, XRD, XPS, and chemisorption, along with the experimental data, it was found that the structure and catalytic activity of as‐obtained catalysts depended on the group type and carbon chain length of amino acids. Among them, L‐glutamic acid had two carboxyl hydrophilic groups and a moderately long carbon chain, which was conducive to the formation of a larger specific surface area along with abundant pores and a smaller grain size of CuO. Moreover, the prepared catalyst showed a higher Cu dispersion and the abundant surface acidic/basic sites. As a result, the larger Cu+/Cu0 surface area contributed to the active adsorption of H2 and CO2 molecules, which greatly improved the hydrogenation of CO2, while the methanol production increased with the increase of surface basicity/acidity. For example, the selectivity to methanol of 87.9%, which corresponded to a methanol yield of 120 mg/(h gcatalyst), was obtained along with a stable online performance (life span more than 144 h) at 2.2 MPa, 220°C, H2/CO2 = 2, and GHSV = 3000 h−1.
Quaternary ammonium substituted dextrin‐based biocompatible cationic nanoparticles with ultrahigh pH stability for drug delivery
Authors: Sarkar Ankita , Roy Shounak , Bhatia Prachi , Jaiswal Amit 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCationic nanoparticles (NPs) are preferred for therapeutic applications due to its better uptake by mammalian cells. However, preparing cationic polymeric NPs with stability in wide pH range along with limited toxicity remains a challenge. Dextrin, a carbohydrate‐based natural biological macromolecule holds great potential in biomedical applications. Further, it is an inexpensive and abundant raw material which has high pH stability making it more advantageous over other widely explored macromolecules like chitosan. Herein, we report a simple process for preparing biocompatible cationic dextrin (CD) NPs. A series of CDs were prepared through a single‐step reaction by incorporating quaternary ammonium groups onto the polymeric backbone using varying amount of glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride. Formation of uniform spherical CD NPs having size within 100 nm were achieved by a facile synthesis process of ionic gelation using a biocompatible cross‐linker sodium tripolyphosphate. The prepared CD NPs remained stable across the pH range of 5.5–11 and demonstrated approximately 75% cellular internalization within 6 h. The CD NPs were also found to be both cytocompatible and hemocompatible. Next, the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin was encapsulated within CD NPs, which is one of the most common chemotherapeutic agents used for the treatment of various types of cancers including breast, lung, ovarian and bladder. The Dox‐loaded CD NPs showed better drug release at acidic pH conditions and induced more than 80% cell death within 24 h at just 2 μg/ml concentration when tested against HeLa cell lines, thus, proving to be a potential drug delivery vehicle for cancer therapy applications.
Fabrication and investigation of physicochemical and biological properties of3Dprinted sodium alginate‐chitosan blend polyelectrolyte complex scaffold for bone tissue engineering application
Authors: Singh Amit Kumar , Pramanik Krishna 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn tissue engineering technique, a biological scaffold with appropriate composition and structure for promoting growth and differentiation of cells thereby regenerating damaged tissue, is a prime necessity. In this paper, 3D‐printed scaffolds comprising sodium alginate (SA) and chitosan (CH) biopolymers of natural origin are reported. Bioinks with varying ratios of SA and CH were prepared and scaffolds were fabricated by 3D printing. The fabricated scaffolds possess many desired properties that are vital for tissue regeneration purposes. The scaffolds possess open pore microstructures with interconnected pores and desired pore size as revealed by scanning electron microscopic image analysis. The polyelectrolyte complex formation (PEC) between SA and CH as revealed by Fourier‐transform‐infrared spectroscopic analysis is favorable as it offers a better surface for cell attachment and proliferation, and an ideal microenvironment for bone regeneration. Among the scaffolds, SA/CH with 60:40 showed controlled swelling and degradation behavior, with higher tensile strength of 0.387 ± 0.015 MPa. In vitro‐biomineralization showed superior apatite layer deposition ability over the SA/CH: 60/40 scaffold surface. The fabricated SA/CH scaffolds are hydrophilic and biocompatible as evident from the contact angle, protein adsorption, MTT assay, and cell attachment studies. However, SA/CH: 60/40 is shown to have superior biological properties compared with the other SA/CH compositions. Thus, it is concluded that 3Dv printed SA/CH: 60/40 scaffold having some superior properties and bioactivity can be used as a suitable matrix for future bone tissue regeneration applications.
Evidence of silane coupling in torrefied agro‐industrial residue‐filled poly(styrene‐co‐butadiene) rubber compounds
Authors: Torres Lennard F. , McCaffrey Zach , Williams Tina G. , Wood Delilah F. , Orts William J. , McMahan Colleen M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHeat‐treated rice hull residues were evaluated as fillers in poly(styrene‐co‐butadiene) rubber (SBR) compounds. The currently used precipitated silica filler was replaced with torrefied filler in concentrations varying from 0 to 100 wt%, and the influence of coupler concentration varying from 0% to 3% (7 parts per hundred rubber or phr total) on the filler‐rubber interaction was investigated. The curing process, dynamic properties, and mechanical properties of the SBR compounds were examined for silica‐filled and torrefied rice hull (TRH)‐filled materials with and without the coupling agent. Partial or full replacement of silica with TRH resulted in a systematic decrease in compound viscosity. Longer scorch (ts2) and shorter cure times (t90) were also observed. Incorporation of TRH increased compound modulus (stress at 100% elongation or M100 and Young's modulus) but decreased tensile strength and elongation. The presence of coupler brought about improved dynamic and mechanical properties and 30% lower tan δ at 3 phr level. Results provided the first evidence that, when used as a filler in an SBR compound, torrefied rice hulls can be chemically coupled to the SBR polymer, resulting in increased polymer‐filler interactions analogous to the conventional silica‐coupler‐polymer system.
Study on viscoelastic materials at micro scale pondering supramolecular interaction impacts with DMA tests and fractional derivative modeling
Authors: Xu Yeshou , Xu Zhao‐Dong , Guo Ying‐Qing , Sarwar Waseem , She Wei , Geng Zi‐Fan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractViscoelastic materials are commonly utilized in seismic vibration suppression of building structures. Supramolecular modification can extend the effective damping temperature range and improve the damping performance of viscoelastic materials. In present work, the mechanical behaviors of the nitrile rubber viscoelastic material are investigated by dynamic thermomechanical analyzer (DMA) with different strain amplitudes, excitation frequencies and environmental temperatures. The supramolecular interaction and molecular structures modified fractional Kelvin (SMF Kelvin) model taking into account the temperature and frequency impacts is proposed and verified with the DMA test results of the nitrile rubber viscoelastic material. The test results of the viscoelastic damper with different temperatures are employed to further prove the effectiveness of the new proposed SMF Kelvin model.
A first look at whale sharks in Hawaiian waters: Using citizen science to study the world's largest fish, Rhincodon typus
Authors: Marcoux Travis M. , Marcoux Stacia D. , Harvey Maria , Araujo Gonzalo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

The world's largest fish, the whale shark (Rhincodon typus), is a circum‐tropically distributed and globally endangered species, that is widely studied at predictable aggregation sites. The main Hawaiian Islands are not known to have large aggregations of whale sharks; however, they have been anecdotally reported here with some regularity. To date, little is known about this charismatic species in Hawaiian waters.
This study is the first effort to examine whale shark demographics and movements in a previously unstudied region of the world. Here, citizen science was used to investigate the abundance, seasonality (if any) and occurrence of whale sharks in the waters around the main Hawaiian Islands.
A total of 309 individual whale sharks were identified from sightings between 1991–2020 by their unique spot patterns, most of which (74%) were reported between 2018 and 2020. Estimated whale shark total length ranged from 2–12 m (mean 6.1 m), with both juvenile and mature males and females represented in the dataset.
The best‐fit Lagged Identification Rate (LIR) model for these data suggests that individuals sighted in Hawaiian waters are transient in nature, supporting the empirical data (88% of sharks sighted only once).
Although using citizen science data can have inherent biases, these results present a conservative first assessment of the demographics of whale sharks in Hawaiian waters.
For an Endangered species assessed as Largely Depleted by the IUCN Green Status of Species, highlighting Hawai’i as an important habitat for the whale shark – mainly as a migratory corridor or navigational waypoint – is a crucial step in understanding their ecology in the Pacific in order to develop effective management plans.
Validated HPLC‐UV method for quantification of paxalisib, a pan PI3K and mTOR inhibitor in mouse plasma: Application to a pharmacokinetic study in mice
Authors: Zakkula Ashok , Tripathy Harsha K. , Bestha Rama Murthi , Vinod A. B. , Kiran Vinay , Dittakavi Sreekanth , Mullangi Ramesh 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPaxalisib is a pan‐PI3K and mTOR inhibitor, currently entering into Phase II clinical trials as a potential drug to treat glioblastoma patients. We report the development and validation of a high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the quantitation of paxalisib in mouse plasma as per the US Food and Drug Administration regulatory guidelines. From the mouse plasma, paxalisib and the internal standard (IS; filgotinib) were extracted using ethyl acetate as an extraction solvent. The chromatographic separation of paxalisib and the IS was accomplished on a Symmetry C18 (250 × 4.6 mm, 5.0 μm) column maintained at 40°C using 10 mm ammonium formate and acetonitrile in gradient conditions at a 0.8 ml/min flow‐rate. The injection volume was 20 μl. The elution was monitored using a photo‐diode array detector set at λmax 280 nm. Paxalisib and the IS eluted at 6.5 and 5.9 min, respectively with a total run time of 10 min. The calibration curve was linear over the range of 111–4,989 ng/ml. Inter‐ and intraday precision and accuracy, stability studies, dilution integrity and incurred sample reanalysis were investigated and the results met the acceptance criteria. The validated HPLC method was extended to assess the pharmacokinetic parameters of paxalisib in mice.
Role of NCF2 as a potential prognostic factor and immune infiltration indicator in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Huang Ning , Zhang Jing , Kuang Shuwen , Li Zhuo , Zhao Hong , Wu Jianxiong , Liu Mei , Wang Liming 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the major causes of cancer‐related deaths globally. The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in the prognosis and treatment of HCC. Hence, it is important to exploit new biomarkers for survival surveillance and TME estimation of HCC.MethodsHCC samples data was collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) database, and clinical samples were collected from our center. The TME of HCC were explored with ESTIMATE (Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in MAlignant Tumor tissues using Expression data), ssGSEA (single sample Gene Sets Enrichment Analysis) and CIBERSORT algorithm. Differentially expressed genes were analyzed with functional enrichment analysis. Immunohistochemistry was implemented to validate the results.ResultsBased on TCGA database, we found that Neutrophil Cytosolic Factor 2 (NCF2) was significantly associated with the prognosis of HCC patients, involved in immune‐related biological processes of HCC and closely associated with some types of immunocompetent cells. The survival analysis based on NCF2 expression assessed by immunohistochemistry also confirmed that NCF2‐positive group had a shorter relapse free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) than NCF2‐negative group. Multivariate Cox regression revealed NCF2 expression level and lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) were independent risk factors for HCC patients. Receiver operating characteristic curves showed that the combination of NCF2 and LVSI had higher predictive efficacy on the 1‐year RFS rate and 5‐year OS rate than each of them alone. Besides, the expression level of NCF2 was positively associated with M0 and M2 macrophages infiltration. Furthermore, NCF2 expression was positively correlated with CSF1, IL4, IL10, CD206, CD163, CSF1R and TGFβ1.ConclusionWe proposed that higher NCF2 expression predicted an adverse prognosis and more M2 macrophages infiltration in HCC patients.
Facing problems in radiotherapy for breast cancer patients in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: A cohort retrospective study
Authors: Suryanegara Fithria Dyah Ayu , Rokhman M. Rifqi , Ekaputra Ericko , de Jong Lisa Aniek , Setiawan Didik , de Bock Geertruida H. , Postma Maarten Jacobus 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study is to explore problems in radiotherapy for breast cancer patients in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, focusing on overall treatment time (OTT) and completion rate.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted based on data from the Insurance Unit at a tertiary hospital in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The study included all female outpatients with breast cancer who were treated with radiotherapy from January to December 2017 and met the inclusion criteria. The primary outcomes were OTT and completion rate. The secondary outcomes included the number of radiotherapy fractions, radiotherapy doses, number of radiotherapy interruption days, and reasons for radiotherapy interruption. The chi‐squared and Mann–Whitney U tests were used to assess the differences in outcomes between two insurance schemes (JKN‐PBI (Beneficiaries of Health Insurance Contribution Assistance) and JKN‐NON‐PBI (Non‐Beneficiaries of Health Insurance Contribution Assistance)).ResultsThe sample included 285 breast cancer patients (mean age: 53 years). The median OTT was 38 days (IQR: 17–48 days), with 123 (43.2%) patients having prolonged OTT. The completion rate was 57.9%. No significant differences in OTT (44.4% vs. 35.7%, p = 0.445) and completion rate (57.2% vs. 61.9%, p = 0.569) were found between the JKN‐NON‐PBI and JKN‐PBI groups, respectively. In all, the data reported 3,022 interrupted days of radiotherapy across a total of 227 patients. The most common reason for radiotherapy interruption was unknown.ConclusionThere are problems in timely delivery and low completion rate of radiotherapy among breast cancer patients in Indonesia. There are no significant differences in OTT and completion rate between the insurance schemes.
Vaccine‐induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) after SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination: Two cases from Germany with unusual presentation
Authors: Edmonds Rhea , Schönborn Linda , Habben Sunke , Paparoupa Maria , Greinacher Andreas , Schuppert Frank 
Published: January 2023

AbstractVaccine‐induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) is a rare clinical condition that has emerged during the mass immunization against SARS‐CoV‐2. Reports indicate that VITT may also be induced by other vaccines, such as the human papillomavirus vaccine, or occur independently of vaccination. Its recognition requires a high index of suspicion, especially in patients presenting with thrombocytopenia and thrombosis several days after vaccination with an adenoviral vector‐based vaccine against SARS‐CoV‐2. Bleeding manifestations do not exclude VITT, as initially assumed. It is of great importance to perform the appropriate diagnostic tests early in the course of the disease, as false‐negative results may occur and many aspects of VITT are not fully understood. These two cases from Germany demonstrate unusual presentations of VITT.
Cooperative Friedel–Crafts Alkylation of Electron‐Deficient Arenes via Catalyst Activation with Hexafluoroisopropanol**
Authors: Singh Sanjay , Mondal Sankalan , Tiwari Vikas , Karmakar Tarak , Hazra Chinmoy Kumar 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA Friedel‐Crafts alkylation of electron‐deficient arenes with aldehydes through ′′catalyst activation′′ is presented. Through hydrogen bonding interactions, the solvent 1,1,1,3,3,3, ‐hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) interacted with the added Brønsted acid catalyst pTSA•H2O, increasing its acidity. This activated catalyst enabled the Friedel–Crafts alkylation of electron‐neutral as well as electron‐deficient arenes. Strongly electron withdrawing arenes including arenes with multiple halogen atoms, NO2, CHO, CO2R, and CN, groups acted as efficient nucleophiles in this reaction. DFT studies reveal multiple roles of solvent HFIP viz; increasing the Brønsted acidity of the catalyst pTSA•H2O, and stabilization of the transition states through a concerted pathway enabling the challenging reaction.
Hall sensor fault diagnosis and compensation in Brushless DC motor drive using artificial intelligence technique
Authors: K.S. Krishna Veni , N. Senthil Kumar , J Gnanavadivel 
Published: January 2023

SummaryElectronic commutator in Brushless DC motor (BLDC) drives decides the sequence of driving current through the stator windings based on the rotor position sensed by the three Hall position sensors. If any fault occurs in the Hall sensors, it will result in a faulty driving sequence of rotors and the motor will stall. This paper investigates an artificial intelligence‐based Fault Diagnosis and Compensation (FDC) system for correcting up to two position sensor failures in trapezoidal back EMF BLDC motor drives. The proposed fault‐tolerant system is a simple, fast, and efficient method to diagnose and reconstruct the commutation signals using the existing processor‐based commutator arrangements. An Artificial Intelligence algorithm is developed to estimate the correct switching sequence in the absence of up to two Hall sensor signals while the motor is running. This supervised learning network is advantageous as it is added as an additional control algorithm with the existing control algorithm for BLDC motor. The simulation and hardware results showcase the effective performance of the proposed algorithm for different Hall sensor fault conditions.