bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporal trends and clinical characteristics of acute hepatitis with unknown aetiology and human adenovirus infections in Oxfordshire from 2016 to 2022
Authors: Tan Cedric CS , Kelly Gavin , Cregan Jack , Wilson Joseph D , James Tim , Chand Meera , Hopkins Susan , Swets Maaike , Baillie J Kenneth , Jeffery Katie , Walker Sarah , Eyre David W , Stoesser Nicole , Matthews Philippa C 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundAn outbreak of severe acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology (AS-Hep-UA) in children during 2022 has subsequently been linked to infections by adenovirus-associated virus 2 (AAV2) and other ‘helper viruses’, including human adenovirus (HAdV).AimWe investigated clinical characteristics and temporal distribution of acute hepatitis with unknown aetiology (AHUA) and of HAdV infections in Oxfordshire, UK population between 2016-2022.MethodsWe used anonymised electronic health records (EHR) to collate retrospective data for presentations of AHUA and/or HAdV infection between 2016-2022. We reviewed records of >900,000 acute presentations to emergency care at Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (OUH; UK) and performed a descriptive analysis of case numbers and clinical characteristics.ResultsOver the full study period, patients coded as AHUA had significantly higher critical care admission rates (p<0.0001, OR=41.7, 95% CI:26.3-65.0) and longer inpatient admissions (p<0.0001) compared with the rest of the patient population. Comparing events within the outbreak period (1st Oct 2021 - 31 Aug 2022), to those occurring outside this period, significantly more adults were diagnosed with AHUA (p<0.0001, OR=3.01, 95% CI: 2.20-4.12), and there were significantly more HAdV infections in children (p<0.001, OR=1.78, 95% CI:1.27-2.47). There were also more HAdV tests administered during the outbreak (p<0.0001, OR=1.27, 95% CI:1.17-1.37). There was no evidence of more acute hepatitis or increased severity of illness among patients who tested HAdV-positive compared to those testing HAdV-negative.ConclusionOur results highlight an increase in the number of AHUA in adults coinciding with the reported AS-Hep-UA outbreak in children, but not linked to documented HAdV infection.
Frequent asymmetric migrations suppress natural selection in spatially structured populations
Authors: Abbara Alia , Bitbol Anne-Florence 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNatural microbial populations often have complex spatial structures. This can impact their evolution, in particular the ability of mutants to take over. While mutant fixation probabilities are known to be unaffected by sufficiently symmetric structures, evolutionary graph theory has shown that some graphs can amplify or suppress natural selection, in a way that depends on microscopic update rules. We propose a model of spatially structured populations on graphs directly inspired by batch culture experiments, alternating within-deme growth on nodes and migration-dilution steps, and yielding successive bottlenecks. This setting bridges models from evolutionary graph theory with Wright-Fisher models. Using a branching process approach, we show that spatial structure with frequent migrations can only yield suppression of natural selection. More precisely, in this regime, circulation graphs, where the total incoming migration flow equals the total outgoing one in each deme, do not impact fixation probability, while all other graphs strictly suppress selection. Suppression becomes stronger as the asymmetry between incoming and outgoing migrations grows. Amplification of natural selection can nevertheless exist in a restricted regime of rare migrations and very small fitness advantages, where we recover the predictions of evolutionary graph theory for the star graph.
A neuro-intestinal circuit controls mitochondrial dynamics and stress resistance
Authors: Cornell Rebecca , Cao Wei , Harradine Bernie , Handley Ava , Pocock Roger 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNeurons coordinate inter-tissue protein homeostasis to systemically manage cytotoxic stress. Specific neuropeptidergic signals coordinate the systemic mitochondrial stress response (UPRmt), but whether chemical neurotransmitters also influence this process is unclear. Here, we show that gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) inhibits, and acetylcholine (ACh) promotes the UPRmtin theCaenorhabditis elegansintestine. GABA controls the UPRmtby regulating extra-synaptic ACh release through metabotropic GABAB receptors GBB-1/2. We find that elevated ACh levels in animals that are GABA-deficient or lack ACh-degradative enzymes induce the UPRmtthrough ACR-11, an intestinal nicotinic α7 receptor. This neuro-intestinal circuit is critical for nonautonomously regulating mitochondrial dynamics and organismal survival of oxidative stress. These findings establish chemical neurotransmission as a crucial regulatory layer for nervous system control of systemic protein homeostasis and stress responses.One-Sentence SummaryRegulation of mitochondrial health with neurotransmission.
Effects of Administration of Recombinant Human Lecithin-Cholesterol Acyltransferase on Lipoprotein Metabolism in Humans
Authors: Reyes-Soffer Gissette , Matveyenko Anastasiya , Lignos James , Matienzo Nelsa , Baez Leinys S Santos , Hernandez-One Antonio , Yung Lau , Nandakumar Renu , Singh Sasha A. , Ramakrishnan Rajasekhar , Aikawa Masanori , George Richard , Ginsberg Henry N. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) catalyzes the conversion of unesterified, or free cholesterol (FC), to cholesteryl ester (CE), which moves from the surface of HDL into the neutral lipid core. As this iterative process continues, nascent lipid-poor HDL is converted to a series of larger, spherical cholesterol ester enriched HDL particles that can be cleared by the liver in a process that has been termed reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). We conducted a randomized, placebo controlled, cross-over study in 5 volunteers with ASCVD, to examine the effects of an acute increase of recombinant human (rh) LCAT via intravenous administration on the in vivo metabolism of HDL apolipoprotein (APO)A1 and APOA2, and the APOB100-lipoproteins, very low density (VLDL), intermediate density (IDL), and low density (LDL) lipoproteins. As expected, rhLCAT treatment significantly increased HDL CE content. This change did not affect the fractional clearance or production rates of HDL-APOA1 and HDL-APOA2. The metabolism of APOB100-lipoproteins was likewise unaffected. Our results suggest that an acute increase in LCAT activity drives greater flux of CE through the RCT pathway without altering the clearance and production of the main HDL proteins and without affecting the metabolism of APOB100-lipoproteins. Long-term elevations of LCAT might, therefore, have beneficial effects on total body cholesterol balance and atherogenesis.
The physical and mental health benefits of touch interventions: A comparative systematic review and multivariate meta-analysis
Authors: Packheiser Julian , Hartmann Helena , Fredriksen Kelly , Gazzola Valeria , Keysers Christian , Michon Frédéric 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroduction: Receiving touch is of critical importance for human well-being. A number of studies have shown that touch promotes mental and physical health. However, effect sizes differ considerably across studies and potential moderators of touch interventions remain unknown to this day.MethodsWe conducted a preregistered (CRD42022304281) systematic review and a large-scale multivariate multilevel meta-analysis encompassing 137 studies in healthy participants and patients (166 cohorts, 9617 participants and 643 effect sizes) in the meta-analysis and 75 additional studies as part of the systematic review to identify critical factors moderating touch intervention efficacy. Included studies always featured a touch vs. no touch control intervention with health outcomes as dependent variables.ResultsWe found comparable and medium-sized (Hedges’g∼ 0.5) effects of touch on both mental and physical health. Touch interventions were especially effective in regulating cortisol levels (0.78 [0.24;1.31]) and increasing weight (0.65 [0.37;0.94]) in newborns, as well as in reducing pain (0.69 [0.48;0.89]), feelings of depression (0.59 [0.40;0.78]) and state (0.64 [0.44;0.84]) or trait anxiety (0.59 [0.40;0.77]) for adults and children. Comparing touch interventions involving objects or robots with humans resulted in similar physical (0.56 [0.24;0.88] vs. 0.51 [0.38;0.64]) but lower mental health benefits (0.34 [0.19;0.49] vs. 0.58 [0.43;0.73]). Adult clinical cohorts profited stronger in mental health domains compared to healthy individuals (0.63 [0.46;0.80] vs. 0.37 [0.20;0.55]) but showed comparable physical health benefits (0.53 [0.38;0.69] vs. 0.47 [0.29;0.65]). We found no difference in children and adults comparing touch applied by a familiar person or a health professional (0.51 [0.29;0.73] vs. 0.50 [0.38;0.61]) but parental touch was more beneficial in newborns (0.69 [0.50;0.88] vs. 0.39 [0.18;0.61]). Intervention frequency positively correlated with increased health benefits in adults and children while session duration did not show significant effects.DiscussionLeveraging those factors that influence touch intervention efficacy will help maximize the benefits of future touch interventions and focus research in this field.
PDF neuropeptide signals independently of Bruchpilot-labelled active zones in daily remodelled terminals ofDrosophilaclock neurons
Authors: Hofbauer Benedikt , Zandawala Meet , Reinhard Nils , Rieger Dirk , Werner Christian , Evers Jan-Felix , Wegener Christian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe small ventrolateral neurons (sLNvs) are key components of the central clock in theDrosophilabrain. They signal via the neuropeptide Pigment-dispersing factor (PDF) to align the molecular clockwork of different central clock neurons and to modulate downstream circuits. The dorsal terminals of the sLNvs undergo daily morphological changes that have been shown to affect presynaptic sites organised by the active zone protein Bruchpilot (BRP), a homolog of mammalian ELKS proteins. Although the circadian plasticity of the sLNv terminals is well established, whether and how it is related to the rhythmic release of PDF remains ill-defined.Here, we combined expansion microscopy with labelling of active zones by endogenously tagged BRP to examine the spatial correlation between PDF-containing dense-core vesicles and BRP-labelled active zones. We found that the number of BRP-labelled punctae in the sLNv terminals remained stable while their density changed during circadian plasticity. The relative distance between BRP- and PDF-labelled punctae was increased in the morning, around the reported time of PDF release. Spontaneous dense-core vesicle release profiles of the sLNvs in a publicly available ssTEM dataset (FAFB) consistently lacked spatial correlation to BRP-organised active zones. RNAi-mediated downregulation ofbrpand other active zone proteins expressed by the sLNvs did not affect PDF-dependent locomotor rhythmicity. In contrast, down-regulation of genes of the canonical vesicle release machinery, the dense-core vesicle-related protein CADPS, as well as PDF impaired locomotor rhythmicity.Taken together, our study suggests that PDF release from the sLNvs is independent of BRP-organised active zones which seem not to be circadianly destroyed and re-established.
Metagenomic survey of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Maryland surface waters differentiated by high and low human impact
Authors: Kocurek Brandon , Behling Shawn , Martin Gordon , Ramachandran Padmini , Reed Elizabeth , Grim Christopher , Mammel Mark , Zheng Jie , Franklin Alison , Garland Jay , Tadesse Daniel A. , Sharma Manan , Tyson Gregory H. , Kabera Claudine , Tate Heather , McDermott Patrick F. , Strain Errol , Ottesen Andrea 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn alignment with the One Health paradigm, surface waters are being evaluated as a modality to better understand baseline antimicrobial resistance (AMR) across the environment to supplement existing AMR monitoring in pathogens associated with humans, foods, and animals. Here, we use metagenomic and quasimetagenomic sequence data to describe AMR in Maryland surface waters from developed (high human impact) and natural (low human impact) classifications by the National Land Cover Database (NLCD). Critically important β-lactamase genes were observed in twice as many high human impact zones. All data are available under BioProject PRJNA79347.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/794347
Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Enhancement of Cardiogenesis-Related Signaling Pathways by S-nitroso-N-pivaloyl-D-penicillamine (SNPiP): Implications for Improved Diastolic Function and Cardiac Performance
Authors: Takenaka Yasuhiro , Hirasaki Masataka , Bono Hidemasa , Nakamura Shigeo , Kakinuma Yoshihiko 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe previously reported a novel compound called S-nitroso-N-pivaloyl-D-penicillamine (SNPiP), which was screened from a group of nitric oxide (NO) donor compounds with a basic chemical structure of S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), to activate the non-neuronal acetylcholine (NNA) system. SNPiP-treated mice exhibited improved cardiac output and enhanced diastolic function, without an increase in heart rate. The NNA-activating effects included increased resilience to ischemia, modulation of energy metabolism preference, and activation of angiogenesis. Here, we performed transcriptome analysis of SNPiP-treated mice ventricles to elucidate how SNPiP exerts beneficial effects on cardiac function. A time-course study (24 and 48 h after SNPiP administration) revealed that SNPiP initially induced Wnt and cGMP-protein kinase G (PKG) signaling pathways, along with upregulation of genes involved in cardiac muscle tissue development and oxytocin signaling pathway. We also observed enrichment of glycolysis-related genes in SNPiP-treated samples, indicating a metabolic shift from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis following SNPiP administration in the hearts. Additionally, SNPiP significantly upregulated atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and sarcolipin (SLN), which play crucial roles in calcium handling and cardiac performance. These findings suggest that SNPiP may have therapeutic potential based on the pleiotropic mechanisms elucidated in this study.
Hypogonadal (Gnrh1hpg) mice reveal niche-specific influence of reproductive axis and sex on intestinal microbial communities
Authors: Sisk-Hackworth Laura , Brown Jada , Sau Lillian , Levine Andrew A. , Ivy Tam Lai Ying , Ramesh Aishwarya , Shah Reeya S. , Kelley-Thackray Evelyn T. , Wang Sophia , Nguyen Anita , Kelley Scott T. , Thackray Varykina G. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTThe gut microbiome has been linked to many diseases with sex bias including autoimmune, metabolic, neurological, and reproductive disorders. Numerous studies report sex differences in fecal microbial communities, but how this differentiation occurs remains unclear. Using a genetic hypogonadal mouse model that does not produce sex steroids or go through puberty, we investigated how sex and the reproductive axis impact bacterial diversity within the small and large intestine. Both sex and reproductive axis inactivation altered bacterial composition in an intestinal section and niche-specific manner. Our results also implicated factors independent of the reproductive axis (i.e., sex chromosomes) in shaping intestinal communities. Additionally, our detailed profile of intestinal communities showed that fecal samples do not reflect bacterial diversity in the small intestine. Our results have ramifications for studying the impact of sex differences on the gut microbiome, particularly in sex-biased diseases and factoring in sex and steroid levels in microbial-based therapies.
Goods and Service Tax and its implications on revenue efficiency of sub-national governments in India: an empirical analysis
Authors: Garg Shubham , Priyanka  , Narwal Karam Pal , Kumar Sanjeev 
Published: June 2023

PurposeThe purpose of the current study is to examine the implications of the implementation of Goods and Service Tax (GST) on the revenue efficiency of the sub-national governments in India. Furthermore, the study aims to compare the revenue efficiency of the Indian states for the pre-GST and post-GST periods in India.Design/methodology/approachThe study has used the annual revenue of value-added tax (VAT)/GST of the Indian states for the period ranging from 2012–2013 to 2020–2021 for the pre- and post-GST periods. The empirical results are based on the panel regression model for examining the implications of GST adoption on the Indian states.FindingsThe analysis shows that the implementation of GST in India has negatively impacted the revenue efficiency of the Indian states. Moreover, the results affirm that the contribution of the service sector to the state's Net State Domestic Product (NSDP), credit-deposit ratio (CDR) and outstanding net bank credit (ONBC) ratio of schedule commercial banks (SCBs) positively and states' dependency on central transfers (DCT) negatively impact the tax revenue efforts of the state governments. Furthermore, the GST adoption has a greater impact on the revenue efficiency of the minor states in comparison to major states which may widen the inter-state disparity gap as GST revenue constitutes a major share in the Own Tax Revenue (OTR) of the Indian states in aggregate.Practical implicationsThe current study will act as a guide for government, policymakers and for the sitting of the fifteenth finance commission in India for future policy formulation on GST and compensation to the Indian states. Similarly, this study can be used as a base for conducting future studies on the implications of GST at the national, sub-national, and international levels.Originality/valuePrevious studies on the implications of GST are theoretical and conceptual. There is hardly any study at the national or sub-national level that has focused on the implications of GST on the revenue efficiency of the Indian states.
Strategic thinking dimensions between Malaysians’ and Palestinians’ dynamic and complex environment in the banking sector
Authors: Alagha Maram , Taha Azni Zarina Binti , Ismail Mohd Nazari Bin 
Published: June 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of the external environment on the strategic thinking dimensions in Malaysia and Palestine on the banking sector.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper focuses on dynamism and complexity in political and economic external environments. This study uses qualitative methodology through a comparative case study method. Purposive sampling was used to collect data from in-depth semistructured interviews with 33 bank executives from Malaysia and 17 from Palestine.

Findings
The findings revealed that the banking sector in both Malaysia and Palestine shared five common strategic thinking dimensions, including vision, creativity, conceptual thinking, futurism and opportunity. However, a sixth dimension, intent-focused, was unique to Palestinian bank executives. This study indicates that Palestine’s financial strategic thinking environment is more dynamic and complex than Malaysia’s. Additionally, the study highlights the significant influence of both microenvironments (such as types of banks) and the macroenvironment (such as political and economic situations). These findings hold important implications for decision-makers in the banking sector of both countries.

Research limitations/implications
As with many studies, this study has some limitations. First, the analysis examines only the turbulent and stable environment in the two countries by using a qualitative approach which enables the analysis of thoughts and actions and exposes the beliefs, perceptions, mental maps and structures of belief in their perceptions (Cavana et al., 2001). As such, the results are limited to a particular time, date and geographical location; thus, opinions and perceptions might be altered due to changes in the external political and economic environment. The second limitation of this work is that the case study might not be appropriate for generalization (Stake, 1978). Finally, the limited number of female participants in Palestine shows a high level of inequality compared to Malaysian participants.

Practical implications
This study explores the implication of uncertain environments at the national level on executives’ cognition and actions, links the micro- and macro-environment of the banking industry to a theoretical perspective and develops a conceptual circular model to show the effect of macro environments on bank performance. The findings offer practical contributions to the current literature, providing insights for executives to navigate a dynamic and complex banking industry.

Originality/value
This study fills the literature gap by exploring how strategic thinking dimensions triggered by macro- and micro-environments impact banking sector performance in Malaysia and Palestine.
Utilization of simulation tools for building performance assessment among design professionals
Authors: Botchway Edward Ayebeng , Agyekum Kofi , Kotei-Martin Jenefailus Nikoi , Afram Samuel Owusu 
Published: June 2023

PurposeThis study explores the utilization of simulation tools for building performance assessments among design professionals in Ghana.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative approach was used to obtain responses from 104 design professionals in Ghana through a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was generated through a critical review of the related literature on the subject matter. Data from respondents were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics.FindingsResults from the analysis indicated that design professionals in Ghana possessed a low level of awareness of the simulation tools used for building performance assessments. Subsequently, the findings also revealed that the design professionals' level of usage of the simulation tools was low.Practical implicationsPractically, the establishment of this study informs design stakeholders, educational institutions and researchers in Ghana. For design professionals, these findings will focus on enhancing their use of simulation tools for evaluating building performance in Ghana. For educational institutions, these findings will enable them to implement the necessary strategies for incorporating the concept of building performance simulation into their curriculum in order to boost awareness and utilization. Finally, researchers will also use the study's findings to identify any research gaps for future studies.Originality/valueThe findings from this study pioneer knowledge on an under-investigated topic within the Ghanaian construction industry. It also provides insight into the developing state-of-the-art technology employed in the built environment.