bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Half-a-century (1971–2020) of glacier shrinkage and climatic variability in the Bhaga basin, western Himalaya
Authors: Das Suresh , Sharma Milap Chand , Murari Madhav Krishna , Nüsser Marcus , Schmidt Susanne 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGlacier shrinkage is a globally occurring phenomena. High-resolution change detection based on frequent mapping and monitoring of high-altitude glaciers is necessary to precisely evaluate future water availability and to understand glacier evolution under different climatic scenarios in the Hindukush-Karakoram-Himalayan (HKH) region. This also holds true for the Bhaga basin of the western Himalaya. This study investigates glacier and glacier lake changes in the Bhaga basin, over the last five decades based on satellite imagery including Corona KH4 (1971), Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+; 2000), Linear Imaging Self-Scanning Sensor (LISS IV; 2013), and Sentinel 2 (2020). Regional temperature and precipitation trends were evaluated from gridded climatic datasets (1900–2020). In the Bhaga basin 306 glaciers (>0.2 km2) were mapped with a total area of 360.3 ± 4.0 km2, of which 55.7 ± 0.6 km2was covered with debris in 2013. The total glacier covered area decreased by ∼8.2 ± 1.5 % (0.16 ± 0.03 % yr−1) during the entire observation period 1971–2020, with noticeable heterogeneity between tributary watersheds. In the past two decades (2000–2020), the deglaciation rate has increased significantly (0.25 % yr−1) compared to the previous decades (1971–2000; 0.12 % yr−1). Glacier lake area increased by 0.6 ± 0.1 km2(0.012 km2yr−1) between 1971 and 2020. The NCEP/NCAR climatic data reveals an increase of 0.63°C in temperature and a decrease of 6.39 mm in precipitation for the period 1948–2018. In comparison, APHRODITE data shows an increasing trend in temperature of 1.14°C between 1961 and 2015 and decreasing trend in precipitation of 31 mm between 1951 and 2007. Both NCEP/NCAR and APHRODITE data reveal significant temperature increase and precipitation decrease since the 1990s, which have probably augmented ice loss in the Bhaga basin during the early 21stcentury.
Die Relevanz von Alterskontexten bei der Prävention und Repression des sexuellen Missbrauchs von Kindern und der kinderpornografischen Delikte unter Nutzung des Tatmittels Internet
Authors: Biedermann Jürgen , Rüdiger Thomas-Gabriel , Ehlert Cindy 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungDie vorliegende Untersuchung beschäftigt sich mit der Kontrastierung minderjähriger gegenüber erwachsenen Tatverdächtigen beim sexuellen Missbrauch von Kindern und bei kinderpornografischen Delikten unter Nutzung des Tatmittels Internet. Hierfür werden auf der Basis von Informationen der polizeilichen Datenbanken der Länder Berlin, Brandenburg, Sachsen und Sachsen-Anhalt verschiedene Tätertypen verglichen, wobei für den sexuellen Missbrauch von Kindern insgesamt 1353 Tatverdächtige und für die kinderpornografischen Delikte 8466 Tatverdächtige in die Analysen einbezogen werden konnten. Die Typenbildung rekurriert auf eine multidimensionale Berücksichtigung der Straftatkategorie in Verbindung mit dem Alter der Tatverdächtigen und Opfer. Die Tätertypen werden hinsichtlich zentraler Merkmale der Tatbegehung charakterisiert und einander gegenübergestellt. Den Analysen zufolge betten sich die internetbedingten Sexualstraftaten von Minderjährigen in einen anderen Merkmalskontext ein, als dies für erwachsene Tatverdächtige der Fall ist. Die Ergebnisse werden im Hinblick auf präventive und repressive Ansätze zur Verhinderung von Sexualstraftaten diskutiert, wobei auch die jüngste Reform der Sexualdelikte mit Bezug zu kindlichen Opfern einer kritischen Betrachtung unterzogen wird.
Left ventricular assist device implantation and clinical outcomes in the Netherlands
Authors: Damman Kevin , Caliskan Kadir , Birim Ozcan , Kuijpers Michiel , Otterspoor Luuk C. , Yazdanbakhsh Aria , Palmen Meindert , Ramjankhan Faiz Z. , Tops Lauren F. , van Laake Linda W. ,   Working Group on Mechanical Circulatory Support of the Netherlands Society of Cardiology and the Netherlands Society of Cardiothoracic Surgeons
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) therapy is an established treatment for advanced heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. We evaluated the characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients implanted with an LVAD in the Netherlands.

Methods
Patients implanted with an LVAD in the Netherlands between 2016 and 2020 were included in the analysis. Baseline characteristics entered into this registry, as well as clinical outcomes (death on device, heart transplantation) and major adverse events (device dysfunction, major bleeding, major infection and cerebrovascular event), were evaluated.

Results
A total of 430 patients were implanted with an LVAD; mean age was 55 ± 13 years and 27% were female. The initial device strategy was bridge to transplant (BTT) in 50%, destination therapy (DT) in 29% and bridge to decision (BTD) in the remaining 21%. After a follow-up of 17 months, 97 (23%) patients had died during active LVAD support. Survival was 83% at 1 year, 76% at 2 years and 54% at 5 years. Patients implanted with an LVAD as a BTT had better outcomes compared with DT at all time points (1 year 86% vs 72%, 2 years 83% vs 59% and 5 years 58% vs 33%). Major adverse events were frequently observed, most often major infection, major bleeding and cerebrovascular events (0.84, 0.33 and 0.09 per patient-year at risk, respectively) and were similar across device strategies. Patients supported with HeartMate 3 had a lower incidence of major adverse events.

Conclusions
Long-term survival on durable LVAD support in the Netherlands is over 50% after 5 years. Major adverse events, especially infection and bleeding, are still frequently observed, but decreasing with the contemporary use of HeartMate 3 LVAD.
Food production and resource use of urban farms and gardens: a five-country study
Authors: Dorr Erica , Hawes Jason K. , Goldstein Benjamin , Fargue-Lelièvre Agnès , Fox-Kämper Runrid , Specht Kathrin , Fedeńczak Konstancja , Caputo Silvio , Cohen Nevin , Poniży Lidia , Schoen Victoria , Górecki Tomasz , Newell Joshua P. , Jean-Soro Liliane , Grard Baptiste 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThere is a lack of data on resources used and food produced at urban farms. This hampers attempts to quantify the environmental impacts of urban agriculture or craft policies for sustainable food production in cities. To address this gap, we used a citizen science approach to collect data from 72 urban agriculture sites, representing three types of spaces (urban farms, collective gardens, individual gardens), in five countries (France, Germany, Poland, United Kingdom, and United States). We answered three key questions about urban agriculture with this unprecedented dataset: (1) What are its land, water, nutrient, and energy demands? (2) How productive is it relative to conventional agriculture and across types of farms? and (3) What are its contributions to local biodiversity? We found that participant farms used dozens of inputs, most of which were organic (e.g., manure for fertilizers). Farms required on average 71.6 L of irrigation water, 5.5 L of compost, and 0.53 m2 of land per kilogram of harvested food. Irrigation was lower in individual gardens and higher in sites using drip irrigation. While extremely variable, yields at well-managed urban farms can exceed those of conventional counterparts. Although farm type did not predict yield, our cluster analysis demonstrated that individually managed leisure gardens had lower yields than other farms and gardens. Farms in our sample contributed significantly to local biodiversity, with an average of 20 different crops per farm not including ornamental plants. Aside from clarifying important trends in resource use at urban farms using a robust and open dataset, this study also raises numerous questions about how crop selection and growing practices influence the environmental impacts of growing food in cities. We conclude with a research agenda to tackle these and other pressing questions on resource use at urban farms.
Investigation of correlation between thrust and anode temperature during transient operation of RAIJIN-66
Authors: Satpathy Dibyesh , Kawabata Shu , Sekine Hokuto , Kawashima Rei , Komurasaki Kimiya , Koizumi Hiroyuki 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe thrust performance of RAIJIN-66, a 2 kW-class Thruster with Anode Layer was investigated with respect to anode temperature change at a discharge voltage of 155 V, where propellant was not fully utilized. The upgraded dual pendulum thrust stand used for this study allows for thermal drift free thrust measurement. Correlation between the anode temperature and thrust was measured in real-time before the thruster and stand reached thermal equilibrium. An 8.7% decrease in thrust was reported when the anode temperature increased from 83 ºC to 130 °C. Using an analytical model to elucidate the effect of anode temperature on thruster performance, a good agreement between the predicted and measured thrust values was found for an ionization length of 1.1 mm, but the difference in slope suggests that the thrust performance is more sensitive to the gas temperature than expected. Thrust sensitivity is inferred for conditions in which the ionization mean free path is comparable or greater than the ionization length.
Research on influencing factors of urban building carbon emissions based on STIRPAT model——taking Suzhou as an example
Authors: Hao Linjie , Huang Ning , Tong Qing , Guo Yuefeng , Qian Jing , Chen Wenying 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe research on the influencing factors of carbon emissions from urban buildings is of great significance for the reduction of carbon in the urban building sector and even the realization of the city’s the carbon peak and neutrality goals. In this paper, combined with the ridge regression method, the STIRPAT model is used to establish a new model for influencing factors of building carbon emissions in Suzhou, and the factors such as urbanization rate, the number of permanent residents, per capita construction and tertiary industry added value, and per capita disposable income are analyzed. The analysis results show that the urbanization rate is the primary driving factor for building carbon emissions in Suzhou, followed by the number of permanent residents, then the added value of the per capita construction industry and tertiary industry, and finally the per capita disposable income. The conclusions of this paper indicate that industrialization and urbanization have strongly promoted the growth of building carbon emissions in Suzhou. In the future, with the continuous development of industrialization and urbanization and the increase of population, Suzhou City can rationally plan urban development boundaries to promote green and low-carbon transformation and development in the field of urban and rural construction, improve residents’ low-carbon awareness, and advocate green and low-carbon behavior of residents to reduce building carbon emissions.
Dating Marine Shell: A Guide for the Wary North American Archaeologist
Authors: Hadden Carla S. , Hutchinson Ian , Martindale Andrew 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRadiocarbon dates on marine shell and other materials of marine origin appear significantly older than contemporaneous samples of terrestrial/atmospheric origin. Misunderstandings regarding the mechanisms that give rise to this “marine reservoir effect” (MRE), the terminology used to define it, and the mathematics used to describe it cause many coastal archaeologists to distrust or misinterpret marine shell dates. The recent release of a reformulated 14C calibration curve for marine samples (Marine20), which necessitates recalculation of all local reservoir age corrections, may add to the confusion. Here, we review the benefits of dating shell; provide a plain-language explanation of the mechanical, chemical, biological, and cultural processes that give rise to age disparities associated with the MRE; and offer advice to archaeologists intending to date marine shell. Our hope is that these comments will not only aid archaeologists in the planning and interpretive stages of research but also assist in assessing the reliability of legacy chronologies based on marine materials. More broadly, we encourage careful evaluation of all sources of uncertainty in all 14C chronologies, whether based on terrestrial or marine materials.
Rethinking Stone Drill Manufacture
Authors: Engelbrecht William 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDrills and projectile points from a site often share a similar shaped base, and it is typically assumed that these drills are reworked hafted points. Measurements of triangular-shaped drills and triangular arrow points from an Iroquoian site indicate that, on average, these drills had narrower bases and were thicker than points. Additionally, most preserved point foreshafts from the western United States are too short if used as a simple drill shaft, and most dart and arrow shafts are too long to serve as convenient drill shafts if used with a strap or bow drill. These data call into question the assumption that drills were reworked hafted points at Iroquoian and possibly other sites.
Insights into measuring health disparities using electronic health records from a statewide network of health systems: A case study
Authors: Smith Maureen A. , Gigot Matthew , Harburn Abbey , Bednarz Lauren , Curtis Katherine , Mathew Jomol , Farrar-Edwards Dorothy 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Within Wisconsin, our residents experience some of the worst health disparities in the nation. Public reporting on disparities in the quality of care is important to achieving accountability for reducing disparities over time and has been associated with improvements in care. Disparities reporting using statewide electronic health records (EHR) data would allow efficient and regular reporting, but there are significant challenges with missing data and data harmonization. We report our experience in creating a statewide, centralized EHR data repository to support health systems in reducing health disparities through public reporting. We partnered with the Wisconsin Collaborative for Healthcare Quality (the “Collaborative”), which houses patient-level EHR data from 25 health systems including validated metrics of healthcare quality. We undertook a detailed assessment of potential disparity indicators (race and ethnicity, insurance status and type, and geographic disparity). Challenges for each indicator are described, with solutions encompassing internal (health system) harmonization, central (Collaborative) harmonization, and centralized data processing. Key lessons include engaging health systems in identifying disparity indicators, aligning with system priorities, measuring indicators already collected in the EHR to minimize burden, and facilitating workgroups with health systems to build relationships, improve data collection, and develop initiatives to address disparities in healthcare.
Noninjectivity of the cycle class map in continuous -adic cohomology
Authors: Scavia Federico , Suzuki Fumiaki 
Published: February 2023

AbstractJannsen asked whether the rational cycle class map in continuous$\ell $-adic cohomology is injective, in every codimension for all smooth projective varieties over a field of finite type over the prime field. As recently pointed out by Schreieder, the integral version of Jannsen’s question is also of interest. We exhibit several examples showing that the answer to the integral version is negative in general. Our examples also have consequences for the coniveau filtration on Chow groups and the transcendental Abel-Jacobi map constructed by Schreieder.
Effect of incorporation of bead-beating during DNA extraction for quantitative polymerase chain reaction-based detection of Trichuris trichiura in stool samples in community settings: a systematic review
Authors: Rana D.R.S.J.B. , Pokhrel N. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This meta-analysis was designed to assess the effect of the addition of a bead-beating (BB) step during DNA extraction to effectively isolate Trichuris trichiura DNA from stool samples for quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)-based diagnosis. qPCR-based molecular studies comparing the inclusion of a bead-beating step during the DNA extraction from stool samples with extraction without the step were included in the analysis. Studies using real patient samples in community settings were included. The PubMed database and Google search engine were searched in December 2019. Risk of bias and applicability were assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 checklist. Odds ratios (ORs) for individual studies were combined to estimate the random effects model OR. A total of six independent sub-studies were gathered from two published original articles. The division of the two major studies into six sub-studies was indispensable due to the nature of the study carried out. 128 of the total 192 samples (in all studies) were positive for T. trichiura when BB was used during DNA extraction compared to 108/192 when BB was excluded. The combined OR was 1.66 (95% confidence interval: 1.059 to 2.602). Though only two articles were included in the study, six exclusive individual sub-studies were analyzed. Inherent differences in the background prevalence of helminths in the study population could impact the sensitivity of qPCR. It was found that the inclusion of the BB step during DNA extraction significantly increased the sensitivity of the test. This study was not registered in any database.
The positivity offset theory of anhedonia in schizophrenia: evidence for a deficit in daily life using digital phenotyping
Authors: Bartolomeo Lisa A. , Raugh Ian M. , Strauss Gregory P. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundNegative symptoms of schizophrenia have recently been proposed to result from a decoupling of (intact) hedonic experience and (diminished) approach behavior. The current study challenged this view by exploring the hypothesis that negative symptoms are driven by a specific type of emotional experience abnormality, a reduction in the positivity offset (i.e. the tendency to experience greater levels of positive relative to negative emotion in low-arousal contexts), which limits the production of approach behaviors in neutral environments.MethodsParticipants included outpatients with SZ (n = 44) and healthy controls (CN: n = 48) who completed one week of active (ecological momentary assessment surveys of emotional experience and symptoms) and passive (geolocation, accelerometry) digital phenotyping. Mathematical modeling approaches from Cacioppo's Evaluative Space Model were used to quantify the positivity offset in daily life. Negative symptoms were assessed via standard clinical ratings, as well as active (EMA surveys) and passive (geolocation, accelerometry) digital phenotyping measures.ResultsResults indicated that the positivity offset was reduced in SZ and associated with more severe anhedonia and avolition measured via clinical interviews and active and passive digital phenotyping.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that current conceptual models of negative symptoms, which assume hedonic normality, may need to be revised to account for reductions in the positivity offset and its connection to diminished motivated behavior. Findings identify key real-world contexts where negative symptoms could be targeted using psychosocial treatments.
Three New Agnus Dei Pennies
Authors: Keynes Simon , MacKay William , Naismith Rory 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTThe recorded corpus of Agnus Dei pennies made or found in England has been augmented by three further specimens. The first two (below, [1] and [2]) are imitations of the type, probably minted in Scandinavia but uncovered in England. The third (below, [3]) is a specimen of the original English issue, representing a previously unrecorded mint-place (Dorchester, in Dorset). The new coins are presented in turn, showing how each in its own way refines important aspects of the wider understanding of the Agnus Dei coinage.
Constrained exact boundary controllability of a semilinear model for pipeline gas flow
Authors: Gugat Martin , Habermann Jens , Hintermüller Michael , Huber Olivier 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWhile the quasilinear isothermal Euler equations are an excellent model for gas pipeline flow, the operation of the pipeline flow with high pressure and small Mach numbers allows us to obtain approximate solutions by a simpler semilinear model. We provide a derivation of the semilinear model that shows that the semilinear model is valid for sufficiently low Mach numbers and sufficiently high pressures. We prove an existence result for continuous solutions of the semilinear model that takes into account lower and upper bounds for the pressure and an upper bound for the magnitude of the Mach number of the gas flow. These state constraints are important both in the operation of gas pipelines and to guarantee that the solution remains in the set where the model is physically valid. We show the constrained exact boundary controllability of the system with the same pressure and Mach number constraints.
Bruges as a multilingual contact zone: book production and multilingual literary networks in fifteenth-century Bruges
Authors: Demets Lisa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMedieval Bruges was an important international economic hub in the late Middle Ages. Similar to other luxury goods, manuscripts produced in Bruges were intended for both local and international audiences. This article scrutinizes the specific urban context of Bruges as a multilingual contact zone focusing on quantitative data of extant manuscripts and case-studies of professional and non-professional book production. The dominance of francophone manuscripts in a Dutch-speaking town is noteworthy and called for an actively bilingual community of book professionals. Furthermore, the social competition of locally embedded social groups (court, merchants, craft guilds) influenced language choice as well. Both ‘official’ production of books for trade by professional writers and librarians, and the ‘private’ multilingual literary accomplishments of Bruges city-dwellers, illustrate the multilingual dynamics of urban contacts in Bruges.
Coronary artery compression by pulmonary artery stenting after arterial switch operation: a novel indication for coronary compression test
Authors: Quatrini Mara , Pilati Mara , Butera Gianfranco 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPulmonary artery stenosis is one of the most common complications after arterial switch operation. Stent implantation is an effective treatment with some risks related to coronary artery compression. We present the case of a patient affected by pulmonary stenosis after arterial switch operation. Coronary compression testing demonstrated compression of the left coronary artery from the balloon inflated in the left pulmonary artery. We should systematically consider the use of coronary balloon testing before stent implantation in patients with a history of switch operation.