bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Smokeless tobacco utilization among tribal communities in India: A population-based cross-sectional analysis of the Global Adult Tobacco Survey, 2016–2017
Authors: Agrawal Ritik , Ghosal Shishirendu , Murmu Jogesh , Sinha Abhinav , Kaur Harpreet , Kanungo Srikanta , Pati Sanghamitra 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionEvidence on smokeless tobacco use is scarce among indigenous communities, with the available literature based either on a specific tribe or on a particular region. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of smokeless tobacco and assess its correlation among tribal communities in India.MethodsWe utilized data from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey-2 conducted in 2016–2017. A total of 12,854 tribal people aged &gt;15 years were included in this study. The utilization of smokeless tobacco was estimated using the weighted proportion, and its correlates were assessed by multivariable logistic regression reported as an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval.ResultsThe prevalence of smokeless tobacco use was 32%. Participants aged 31–45 years [AOR: 1.66 (1.37–2.00)], who were men [AOR: 2.37 (1.94–1.90)], and who were daily wage/casual laborers [AOR: 5.32 (3.39–8.34)] were observed to have a significant association with smokeless tobacco. Willingness and attempt to quit smokeless tobacco were higher in Eastern India (31.2%) and central India (33.6%), respectively.DiscussionWe observed one-third of the tribal individuals used smokeless tobacco in India. Tobacco control policies should prioritize men, rural residents, and individuals with fewer years of schooling. Culturally appropriate and linguistically tailored messages are required for behavioral change communication.
A risk prediction model based on machine learning for early cognitive impairment in hypertension: Development and validation study
Authors: Zhong Xia , Yu Jie , Jiang Feng , Chen Haoyu , Wang Zhenyuan , Teng Jing , Jiao Huachen 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundClinical practice guidelines recommend early identification of cognitive impairment in individuals with hypertension with the help of risk prediction tools based on risk factors.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to develop a superior machine learning model based on easily collected variables to predict the risk of early cognitive impairment in hypertensive individuals, which could be used to optimize early cognitive impairment risk assessment strategies.MethodsFor this cross-sectional study, 733 patients with hypertension (aged 30–85, 48.98% male) enrolled in multi-center hospitals in China were divided into a training group (70%) and a validation group (30%). After least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis with 5-fold cross-validation determined the modeling variables, three machine learning classifiers, logistic regression (LR), XGBoost (XGB), and gaussian naive bayes (GNB), were developed. The area under the ROC curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and F1 score were used to evaluate the model performance. Shape Additive explanation (SHAP) analysis was performed to rank feature importance. Further decision curve analysis (DCA) assessed the clinical performance of the established model and visualized it by nomogram.ResultsHip circumference, age, education levels, and physical activity were considered significant predictors of early cognitive impairment in hypertension. The AUC (0.88), F1 score (0.59), accuracy (0.81), sensitivity (0.84), and specificity (0.80) of the XGB model were superior to LR and GNB classifiers.ConclusionThe XGB model based on hip circumference, age, educational level, and physical activity has superior predictive performance and it shows promise in predicting the risk of cognitive impairment in hypertensive clinical settings.
Internet use and depressive symptoms among Chinese older adults: Two sides of internet use
Authors: Mu Aruhan , Yuan Shanshan , Liu Zhiyong 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between internet use which includes time spent on the internet, internet skills, types of online activities, and depressive symptoms in older adults.MethodsWe used 2020 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) data with 3,171 older adults aged 60 years. Depression symptoms were measured with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D), and internet use was measured by time spent on the internet, internet skills, and types of online activities. Multiple linear regression models were used to explore the relationship between internet use and depressive symptoms in older adults.ResultsLonger time spent on the internet was associated with higher scores of depressive symptoms (β = 0.14). Higher internet skills were associated with lower scores of depressive symptoms (β = −0.42). Watching short-form videos (β = 1.34) was associated with higher depressive symptom scores, and the use of the WeChat function (β = −0.96) was associated with lower depressive symptom scores, while online games and online shopping were not significant.ConclusionThe effect of internet use on depressive symptoms in older adults is a double-edged sword. Controlling the time spent on the internet, improving internet skills, and guiding specific a type of online activities in older adults can improve depressive symptoms through rational use.
The neighborhood context and all-cause mortality among older adults in Puerto Rico
Authors: García Catherine , Garcia Marc A. , McEniry Mary , Crowe Michael 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundRecent efforts have been made to collect data on neighborhood-level attributes and link them to longitudinal population-based surveys. These linked data have allowed researchers to assess the influence of neighborhood characteristics on the health of older adults in the US. However, these data exclude Puerto Rico. Because of significantly differing historical and political contexts, and widely ranging structural factors between the island and the mainland, it may not be appropriate to apply current knowledge on neighborhood health effects based on studies conducted in the US to Puerto Rico. Thus, we aim to (1) examine the types of neighborhood environments older Puerto Rican adults reside in and (2) explore the association between neighborhood environments and all-cause mortality.MethodsWe linked data from the 2000 US Census to the longitudinal Puerto Rican Elderly Health Conditions Project (PREHCO) with mortality follow-up through 2021 to examine the effects of the baseline neighborhood environment on all-cause mortality among 3,469 participants. Latent profile analysis, a model-based clustering technique, classified Puerto Rican neighborhoods based on 19 census block group indicators related to the neighborhood constructs of socioeconomic status, household composition, minority status, and housing and transportation. The associations between the latent classes and all-cause mortality were assessed using multilevel mixed-effects parametric survival models with a Weibull distribution.ResultsA five-class model was fit on 2,477 census block groups in Puerto Rico with varying patterns of social (dis)advantage. Our results show that older adults residing in neighborhoods classified as Urban High Deprivation and Urban High-Moderate Deprivation in Puerto Rico were at higher risk of death over the 19-year study period relative to the Urban Low Deprivation cluster, controlling for individual-level covariates.ConclusionsConsidering Puerto Rico's socio-structural reality, we recommend that policymakers, healthcare providers, and leaders across industries to (1) understand how individual health and mortality is embedded within larger social, cultural, structural, and historical contexts, and (2) make concerted efforts to reach out to residents living in disadvantaged community contexts to understand better what they need to successfully age in place in Puerto Rico.
Morphological and hand grip strength characteristics and differences between participants of the 2022 world rowing championship
Authors: Busta Jan , Hellebrand Jaroslav , Kinkorová Ivana , Macas Tomáš 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionRowing is a strength endurance type of sport, and morphology and mass are undoubtedly performance-related factors. Precisely identifying these morphological factors associated with performance, can assist the exercise scientists and coaches in selecting and developing talented athletes. There is however, a lack of anthropometric data collected at either World Championship or Olympic Games level. The aims of this study were to describe and compare the morphology and basic strength characteristic of male and female heavyweight and lightweight rowers competing at 2022 World Championship (18.–25. September, Račice, Czech Republic).MethodsA total of 68 athletes (of 46 male competitors: 15 competed in the lightweight category and 31 in the heavyweight category; of 22 female athletes: 6 competed in the lightweight category and 16 in the heavyweight category) were assessed using anthropometric methods, bioimpedance analysis and performed a hand-grip test.ResultsBetween heavyweight and lightweight male rowers there were a statistically and practically significant differences in all monitored aspects except the sport age, sitting height/body height ratio and arm span/body height ratio. Between heavyweight and lightweight female rowers there were also statistically and practically significant differences in all monitored aspects except the identical indicators as in male.DiscussionWithin this research it can be argued that female rowers are in many anthropometric aspects more similar to their male counterparts than to female rowers in the lightweight category. In some anthropometric aspects (BMI, thigh girth, calf girth), female rowers are even more similar to male heavyweight than to male lightweight rowers. The physical characteristics of elite male and female lightweight rowers differ radically from those of heavyweight. From a practical point of view, this research can be used to determine what type of athletes should be recruited or selected for heavy category and what type for lightweight category in male and female rowing based on the somatotype.
Promising Antimicrobial Action of Sustained Released Curcumin-Loaded Silica Nanoparticles against Clinically Isolated Porphyromonas gingivalis
Authors: Shirmohammadi Adileh , Maleki Dizaj Solmaz , Sharifi Simin , Fattahi Shirin , Negahdari Ramin , Ghavimi Mohammad Ali , Memar Mohammad Yousef 
Published: March 2023

Background. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) has always been one of the leading causes of periodontal disease, and antibiotics are commonly used to control it. Numerous side effects of synthetic drugs, as well as the spread of drug resistance, have led to a tendency toward using natural antimicrobials, such as curcumin. The present study aimed to prepare and physicochemically characterize curcumin-loaded silica nanoparticles and to detect their antimicrobial effects on P. gingivalis. Methods. Curcumin-loaded silica nanoparticles were prepared using the chemical precipitation method and then were characterized using conventional methods (properties such as the particle size, drug loading percentage, and release pattern). P. gingivalis was isolated from one patient with chronic periodontal diseases. The patient’s gingival crevice fluid was sampled using sterile filter paper and was transferred to the microbiology laboratory in less than 30 min. The disk diffusion method was used to determine the sensitivity of clinically isolated P. gingivalis to curcumin-loaded silica nanoparticles. SPSS software, version 20, was used to compare the data between groups with a p value of <0.05 as the level of significance. Then, one-way ANOVA testing was utilized to compare the groups. Results. The curcumin-loaded silica nanoparticles showed a nanometric size and a drug loading percentage of 68% for curcumin. The nanoparticles had a mesoporous structure and rod-shaped morphology. They showed a relatively rapid release pattern in the first 5 days. The release of the drug from the nanoparticles continued slowly until the 45th day. The results of in vitro antimicrobial tests showed that P. gingivalis was sensitive to the curcumin-loaded silica nanoparticles at concentrations of 50, 25, 12.5, and 6.25 µg/mL. One-way ANOVA showed that there was a significant difference between the mean growth inhibition zone, and the concentration of 50 µg/mL showed the highest inhibition zone (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that the local nanocurcumin application for periodontal disease and implant-related infections can be considered a promising method for the near future in dentistry.
An Age of Infection Kernel, an R Formula, and Further Results for Arino–Brauer A, B Matrix Epidemic Models with Varying Populations, Waning Immunity, and Disease and Vaccination Fatalities
Authors: Avram Florin , Adenane Rim , Basnarkov Lasko , Bianchin Gianluca , Goreac Dan , Halanay Andrei 
Published: March 2023

In this work, we first introduce a class of deterministic epidemic models with varying populations inspired by Arino et al. (2007), the parameterization of two matrices, demography, the waning of immunity, and vaccination parameters. Similar models have been focused on by Julien Arino, Fred Brauer, Odo Diekmann, and their coauthors, but mostly in the case of “closed populations” (models with varying populations have been studied in the past only in particular cases, due to the difficulty of this endeavor). Our Arino–Brauer models contain SIR–PH models of Riano (2020), which are characterized by the phase-type distribution (α→,A), modeling transitions in “disease/infectious compartments”. The A matrix is simply the Metzler/sub-generator matrix intervening in the linear system obtained by making all new infectious terms 0. The simplest way to define the probability row vector α→ is to restrict it to the case where there is only one susceptible class s, and when matrix B (given by the part of the new infection matrix, with respect to s) is of rank one, with B=bα→. For this case, the first result we obtained was an explicit formula (12) for the replacement number (not surprisingly, accounting for varying demography, waning immunity and vaccinations led to several nontrivial modifications of the Arino et al. (2007) formula). The analysis of (A,B) Arino–Brauer models is very challenging. As obtaining further general results seems very hard, we propose studying them at three levels: (A) the exact model, where only a few results are available—see Proposition 2; and (B) a “first approximation” (FA) of our model, which is related to the usually closed population model often studied in the literature. Notably, for this approximation, an associated renewal function is obtained in (7); this is related to the previous works of Breda, Diekmann, Graaf, Pugliese, Vermiglio, Champredon, Dushoff, and Earn. (C) Finally, we propose studying a second heuristic “intermediate approximation” (IA). Perhaps our main contribution is to draw attention to the importance of (A,B) Arino–Brauer models and that the FA approximation is not the only way to tackle them. As for the practical importance of our results, this is evident, once we observe that the (A,B) Arino–Brauer models include a large number of epidemic models (COVID, ILI, influenza, illnesses, etc.).
Factores determinantes que influyen en la morosidad de la Universidad San Gregorio de Portoviejo
Authors: Moreira Moreira Rosalba Penelope , Mendoza Vinces Marcelo Eduardo 
Published: March 2023

La USGP (Universidad San Gregorio de Portoviejo), es una universidad autofinanciada y sus actividades ordinarias provienen de los ingresos de las colegiaturas de los estudiantes durante los últimos tres años, registra una cartera vencida muy alta, en tal razón el objetivo de la investigación es analizar los factores que influyen en la morosidad de los estudiantes de la USGP, con la finalidad de aplicar estrategias para disminuir este índice y así evitar la deserción estudiantil. El estudio se realizó con un enfoque metodológico mixto, iniciando con el diseño de una encuesta dirigida a los estudiantes y entrevistas al personal de la Dirección Financiera de la institución, para conocer sobre las políticas que llevan con relación a las cuentas por cobrar (colegiaturas de los estudiantes). En la encuesta realizada se determina que la mayoría de los estudiantes respondieron que la morosidad se debía a la situación económica. Así mismo, se evidenció que la institución no cuenta con un departamento o responsable, encargado formalmente de cobranzas, que dentro de sus políticas lleve un control y seguimiento a los estudiantes que no cancelan su colegiatura en el tiempo establecido por la institución, cuya implementación permitirá a la Universidad, disminuir el riesgo de crédito y cumplir sus objetivos institucionales de manera satisfactoria.
Análisis del crecimiento económico China-Ecuador
Authors: Delgado Delgado Dilmar Danilo , Suárez Calle Julia Alexandra 
Published: March 2023

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la deuda que tiene el Ecuador con China y el efecto en el crecimiento económico del país en los periodos 2007 – 2019, para lo cual se tomó en cuenta el valor de los flujos de capital, la deuda bilateral entre estos dos países y el PIB. Se utilizaron los métodos como el hipo- tético-deductivo, con un tipo de investigación analítica y cuantitativa, mediante la estadística descriptiva e inferencial permitió distinguir las características de los datos de forma sencilla. Así mismo, para establecer la relación entre variables del estudio, se aplicó la correlación de Pearson en el programa SPSS con los datos obtenidos del Banco Central del Ecuador, Ministerio de Economía y Finanzas. Los resultados indicaron China está positivamente correlacionada con el PIB ecuatoriano, y el financiamiento chino está positivamente corre- lacionado con el PIB ecuatoriano. El nivel de inversión es de 0,14%, mientras que la correlación de fondeo es de 0,27%, por lo que se puede concluir que las dos variables están correlacionadas positivamente, aunque sus valores no son tan significativos.
DEVELOPMENT OF A MODULAR INDUCTION HEATER FORLIQUIDCARGO
Authors: Ablyazov E , Ablyazov K , Dorofeev E 
Published: March 2023

The article discusses the heating of metal surfaces and conductive liquids by a traveling magnetic field, which,
closing through a non-magnetic gap along the walls of a ferromagnetic material and outside it, transfers thermal
energy to it due to eddy currents. The paper provides a review, analysis and preliminary calculation of a modular
induction linear heater. A conclusion is given at the end of the article
A COMPLETE SOLUTION THAT INCLUDES A SYSTEM ON THE ISOLATION, LIQUEFACTION AND USE OF HYDROGEN ON MARINE VESSELS TO IMPROVE ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLINESS MARINE POWER PLANT
Authors: Toriya T. , Epihin A , Kondratiev C , Modina M 
Published: March 2023

The article reveals the potential and ecological importance of using liquefied hydrogen on civil fleet vessels as
fuel. The current requirements for the content of hazardous substances in exhaust gases, characteristics of the
average energy complex of a civil fleet vessel are considered. The calculation of the required amount of liquefied
hydrogen to provide a certain power capable of powering a number of ship consumers has been made. The
calculation of the amount of liquefied hydrogen that can be obtained by using a sectional filter with a graphene
membrane and a cryogenerator has been made. The conclusion is made about the high efficiency of hydrogen
storage batteries that receive hydrogen from the exhaust gases of a ship's power plant
ASPECTS OF VENTILATION PRINCIPLES IN SHIPS MACHINERY ROOMS
Authors: Volintiru O. , Epikhin A , Scurtu I. , Mărășescu D. , Florin I. , Bălan G. 
Published: March 2023

are designed to circulate the air in the rooms on board, usually without heat treatment or humidity. Ventilation
systems consist of machines that provide the energy for air circulation (fans), main ducts connected to the
suction and exhaust of the fans, branches and distribution components. For machinery spaces related to ships,
ventilation systems are vital for the proper functioning of thermal engines used as propulsion systems. Gas
turbines are heat engines used as propulsion systems usually for special ships.
DEVOPS AND MODERN SERVER ARCHITECTURE
Authors: Rodygina I , Bidenko A. , Zghou M. 
Published: March 2023

An integral part of any multi-user service is its server part. Data storage, authorization logic, algorithm requiring
security so that no user can find a vulnerability in the system. All this is assigned to the backend - the server
logic of the application. Without exaggeration, thousands and millions of users around the world depend on
security, stability, and continuous updating o f the server code. It is the responsibility o f each developer to ensure
the maximum performance o f the above properties.
The development o f any application depends on its architecture and the architecture o f each component. Previously,
setting up the server environment and developing the backend o f the service part were inseparable. But
applications are becoming more complex, system requirements are becoming more difficult to implement. Setting
up a server environment, automating work processes and updates are highlighted in a separate area o f
activity and the IT industry - DevOps. There are containerization tools, process automation tools, web servers
and much more in the world. And none o f these technologies are used in isolation. For a software developer
without appropriate DevOps skills, it is difficult to implement a competent server configuration
ENSURING IMMUNITY OF DATA TRANSMISSION OVER RADAR COMMUNICATION CHANNELS
Authors: Dancevich I. , Lyutikova M. , Zhumaev Zh. 
Published: March 2023

The article explores the ways o f forming an adaptive coding algorithm 8/16 bits per baud for control or remote
control signals with specified quality criteria in a physically non-expandable data transmission channel. The
combination o f bearing and information exchange systems in one radar station faces difficulties in forming a
transmitted message. It is necessary to use noise-proof methods o f convolutional coding in order to detect
transmitted message bits in linear frequency modulation band o f the probing and reflected signals. The formation
o f a broadband signal using a fractional Fourier transform provides the formation o f message protocols
by multiplexing with orthogonal frequency division. The proposed coding method implements error-correcting
coding in the ratio o f 8 or 16 bits per baud. The use o f radio communication in the navigation radar band makes
it possible to implement the concept o f a combined intelligent transport system
A Comparative Study on Online Education and Traditional Education during Covid -19 with Special Reference to College Students in Tirunelveli
Authors: Abdul Rahuman M 
Published: March 2023

Education is important in our life. Without education, the commitment to life is very difficult. So everybody gives more importance to their education. The educationalist plays most important role in traditional education as well as online education. During Covid, 19-period lot of struggles were faced by our students. The concept of online education is entirely new to students. They meet some difficulties and benefits too. This paper shows the importance of education and aims to conduct a comparative analysis of student surveys between online live teaching and traditional offline teaching, to college students. The entire comparison of traditional and online education is analyzed deeply. Primary and secondary sources are used to collect the data. The primary source is collected through structured questionnaires from various college students. The secondary data was collected through journals, magazines, etc., and Various statistical tools have been adopted to extract the output.