bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mirror meetings as a tool to enhance professionals' awareness of the lived experiences of young people with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Sattoe Jane N. T. , van Heijningen‐Tousain Heidi J. M. , van Staa AnneLoes 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDuring mirror meetings, professionals were confronted with the experiences of young people (YP) with inflammatory bowel disease to encourage them to improve their transitional care arrangements. The mirror meetings were held under guidance of an independent moderator. YP conversed about their transition experiences, while health care providers listened without interfering. Meetings were audio‐recorded and summarized. Qualitative thematic analysis was conducted. Thirty‐two YP participated in six mirror meetings with 26 professionals from paediatric and adult care. Professionals received concrete suggestions for improving their transitional care arrangements. These were about holistic care, tailored to individual needs and preferences, attention for mental health and the role of parents and peers. Advice given by YP matched transitional care guidelines' recommendations. Mirror meetings are a powerful tool to enhance professionals' awareness of YP's needs.
Anthropological and sociological perspectives on food allergy
Authors: Cook Emma E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis review explores the anthropological and sociological literature on food allergy and identifies four primary areas of research to date. The first explores the relationality and management of risk, uncertainty and stigma among parents and sufferers of food allergies. The second analyses the influence of intersectionality, specifically the effects of class, gender, race/ethnicity and disability on experiences of food allergy. The third discusses diagnostic difficulties and the impact these have on legitimacy and believability, both in the context of clinician–patient relations and in managing food allergies in public spaces. The fourth explores the ethics and uncertainties in food allergy treatments and how scientific knowledge of emerging treatments is constructed. This body of research illustrates that although an individual disease, food allergy experiences are significantly affected by socio‐cultural structures, institutions, ideologies and discourses. The review concludes with four primary recommendations. First, there should be more incorporation of anthropological or sociological methodologies and perspectives into studies of food allergy. Second, studies are needed from more countries exploring lived experience of food allergy. Third, research on food allergy needs to incorporate an analysis of intersectional factors such as gender, class and race/ethnicity, and should explore the experiences of minority populations. Fourth, more research is needed on the interactions between biomedicine and local systems of knowledge, as well as the factors that shape what treatments become available, for whom it becomes available, experiences of treatment and aspects (including biases) that influence patient–clinician interactions.
TULP4, a novel E3 ligase gene, participates in neuronal migration as a candidate in schizophrenia
Authors: Bi Yan , Ren Decheng , Yuan Fan , Zhang Zhou , Zhou Daizhan , Yi Xin , Ji Lei , Li Keyi , Yang Fengping , Wu Xi , Li Xingwang , Xu Yifeng , Liu Yun , Wang Peng , Cai Changqun , Liu Chuanxin , Ma Qian , He Lin , Shi Yi , He Guang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundTUB‐like protein 4 (TULP4) is one of the distant members of tubby family proteins, whose function remains largely unknown. In the present study, we intend to identify the role of TULP4 in schizophrenia from human samples and animal models.MethodsWhole‐exome sequencing was used to detect the four schizophrenia families collected. In different cell lines, the effects of identified variants in TULP4 gene on its expression and localization were analyzed. Knockdown models in utero and adult mice were employed to investigate the role of Tulp4 on neuronal migration and schizophrenia‐related behavior. Subsequently, co‐IP assays were used to search for proteins that interact with TULP4 and the effects of mutants on the molecular function of TULP4.ResultsFor the first time, we identified five rare variants in TULP4 from schizophrenia families, of which three significantly reduced TULP4 protein expression. Knockdown the expression of Tulp4 delayed neuronal migration during embryological development and consequently triggered abnormal behaviors in adult mice, including impaired sensorimotor gating and cognitive dysfunction. Furthermore, we confirmed that TULP4 is involved in the formation of a novel E3 ligase through interaction with CUL5‐ELOB/C‐RNF7 and the three deleterious variants affected the binding amount of TULP4 and CUL5 to a certain extent.ConclusionsTogether, we believe TULP4 plays an important role in neurodevelopment and subsequent schizophrenic‐related phenotypes through its E3 ubiquitin ligase function.
Contributions of the IUCN Red List of Ecosystems to risk‐based design and management of protected and conserved areas in Africa
Authors: Keith David A. , Ghoraba Somaya Magdy M. , Kaly Eric , Jones Kendall R. , Oosthuizen Ané , Obura David , Costa Hugo M. , Daniels Fahiema , Duarte Eleutério , Grantham Hedley , Gudka Mishal , Norman Juliet , Shannon Lynne J. , Skowno Andrew , Ferrer‐Paris José R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractProtected and conserved areas (PCAs) are key ecosystem management tools for conserving biodiversity and sustaining ecosystem services and social cobenefits. As countries adopt a 30% target for protection of land and sea under the Global Biodiversity Framework of the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity, a critical question emerging is, which 30%? A risk‐based answer to this question is that the 30% that returns the greatest reductions in risks of species extinction and ecosystem collapse should be protected. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List protocols provide practical methods for assessing these risks. All species, including humans, depend on the integrity of ecosystems for their well‐being and survival. Africa is strategically important for ecosystem management due to convergence of high ecosystem diversity, intense pressures, and high levels of human dependency on nature. We reviewed the outcomes (e.g., applications of ecosystem red‐list assessments to protected‐area design, conservation planning, and management) of a symposium at the inaugural African Protected Areas Congress convened to discuss roles of the IUCN Red List of Ecosystems in the design and management of PCAs. Recent progress was made in ecosystem assessment, with 920 ecosystem types assessed against the IUCN Red List criteria across 21 countries. Although these ecosystems spanned a diversity of environments across the continent, the greatest thematic gaps were for freshwater, marine, and subterranean realms, and large geographic gaps existed in North Africa and parts of West and East Africa. Assessment projects were implemented by a diverse community of government agencies, nongovernmental organizations, and researchers. The assessments have influenced policy and management by informing extensions to and management of formal protected area networks supporting decision‐making for sustainable development, and informing ecosystem conservation and threat abatement within boundaries of PCAs and in surrounding landscapes and seascapes. We recommend further integration of risk assessments in environmental policy and enhanced investment in ecosystem red‐list assessment to fill current gaps.
Obtaining novel data‐driven hypotheses from teaching activities: An example assessing the role of the FKBP5 gene in major depression
Authors: Strelevitz Heather , Dehaqani Alireza A. , Balasco Luigi , Bozzi Yuri 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMany clinical and research efforts aim to develop antidepressant drugs for those suffering from major depressive disorder (MDD). Yet, even today, the available treatments are suboptimal and unpredictable, with a significant proportion of patients enduring multiple drug attempts and adverse side effects before a successful response, and, for many patients, no response at all. Thus, a clearer understanding of the mechanisms underlying MDD is necessary. In the ‘Brain Development and Disease’ class of our Master's program in Cognitive Sciences, we ask students to collect data about the expression of a gene whose altered expression and/or function is related to a brain disorder. The students' final exam assignment consists of writing a research article in which the collected data are discussed in relation to the relevant disorder. In the course of one of these assignments, we identified the FKBP5 gene as a key player uniting two major hypotheses of MDD pathogenesis and treatment response. FKBP5 controls biological processes including immunoregulation and glucocorticoid function, both of which are separately implicated in the development and prognosis of MDD. Gene expression analyses from the human, non‐human primate and mouse Allen Brain Atlases revealed that FKBP5 is expressed in brain regions involved in MDD, particularly at ages susceptible to early‐life stressors. Data re‐analysis from published studies confirmed that FKBP5 expression is upregulated in relevant brain regions in human MDD and preclinical mouse models of MDD. Our experience shows that classes engaging students in data collection and analysis projects may effectively result in novel data‐driven hypotheses.
Crosstalk between NLRP3 inflammasome and calpain in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Mamsa Rumaiza , Prabhavalkar Kedar S. , Bhatt Lokesh Kumar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAmyloid plaques are considered to be the pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Neuroinflammation further aggravates the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Calpains and NOD‐like receptor protein‐3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes are involved in the neuroinflammatory pathway and affect the progression of Alzheimer's disease. Hyperactivation of calpains is responsible for the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, thereby affecting each other's molecular mechanism and causing astrogliosis, microgliosis, and neuronal dysfunction. Further, calpain hyperactivation is also associated with calcium homeostasis that acts as one of the triggers in the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Calpain activity is required for the maturation of interleukin‐1β, a key mediator of neuroinflammatory responses. The membrane potential/calcium/calpain/caspase‐1 axis acts as an unconventional regulator of inflammasomes. The complex crosstalk between NLRP3 inflammasome and calpain leads to a series of events. Targeting the molecular mechanism associated with calpain‐NLRP3 inflammasome activation and regulation can be a therapeutic and prophylactic perspective towards Alzheimer's disease. This review discusses calpains and NLRP3 inflammasome crosstalk in the pathogenesis of AD.
Periodontitis in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome: A nation‐wide register study
Authors: Aga Odd‐Olav , Bolstad Anne Isine , Lie Stein Atle , Svanes Fevang Bjørg‐Tilde 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare the occurrence of periodontitis in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) and a non‐Sjögren's patient group during a 7‐year period from 2011 through 2017. In this population‐based study, the patients were identified based on the International Classification of Diseases‐10 (ICD‐10) codes registered in the Norwegian Patient Registry (NPR), which contains information on diagnosis and time of admission for all hospitalized patients in Norway. The pSS group comprised patients with ≥4 registrations with ICD‐10 code M35.0 (Sjögren's syndrome) as the main diagnosis. The dependent variable was periodontitis, defined by procedure codes registered in the Norwegian Control and Payment of Health Reimbursement (KUHR). Logistic regression analyses estimated the odds ratio for periodontitis in pSS patients relative to non‐pSS patients, adjusted for relevant covariates. Lastly, regression analyses were performed separately for each of the 6 age categories. In total, 760 (7.5%) patients in the pSS group and 22,178 (7.1%) in the non‐pSS group had periodontitis. When adjusting for covariates, the presence of pSS had no association with periodontitis (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.98–1.14).
The use of non‐invasive imaging modalities for the assessment of skeletal muscle quantity and quality in people with HIV: A narrative review
Authors: Ditzenberger Grace L. , Oliveira Vitor H. F. , Jankowski Catherine M. , Erlandson Kristine M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundPeople with HIV (PWH) are prone to mobility impairments and physical dysfunction, with the loss of skeletal muscle quantity and quality being a major contributor to the dysfunction. Assessment of skeletal muscle is an important component of care for this patient population for early intervention and treatment. The use of non‐invasive imaging techniques to evaluate skeletal muscle, such as dual X‐ray absorptiometry, computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, has increased in popularity in recent years.PurposeThis narrative review synthesizes the use of these techniques and summarizes the associations between outcomes from these imaging modalities and physical function in PWH.
Foraging on sand particles: Coatings of soft radular teeth (Paludomidae, Gastropoda, Mollusca)
Authors: Krings Wencke , Gorb Stanislav N. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe radula is the ingesta‐gathering structure in Mollusca. As interface, it has to perform various tasks without functional deterioration caused by wear. Wear prevention is well investigated in mollusks that forage on rocks and that generate high punctual pressure with their hard teeth, which contain high inorganic contents at their tips. In mollusks that forage on softer substrate, such as sand surfaces, and have relatively soft teeth, wear prevention has not been a focus of study before. Here, we studied the teeth of Limnotrochus thomsoni, which are used for raking algae from sand. For comparison, we investigated the soft outer teeth of Lavigeria grandis, which are used in gathering particles after the ingesta is loosed from the rock surface. SEM revealed scratches on all surfaces of the teeth and suggests that every tooth side interacts with abrasive particles during foraging. Analysis of stomach content revealed that sand particles of 10–20 μm diameter are ingested. By EDX/EDS, we studied the composition of the teeth and determined that high proportions of Ca are present on all surfaces, which could be an adaptation to reduce abrasion. Finally, we here present evidence for the existence of a canal within the teeth, which could potentially serve as delivery pathway of minerals during tooth maturation and has not been previously detected in Gastropoda.
Is HCV elimination among persons living with HIV feasible? Data from the NoCo study in the setting of the ICONA cohort
Authors: d’Arminio Monforte Antonella , Tavelli Alessandro , Rossotti Roberto , Gagliardini Roberta , Saracino Annalisa , Lo Caputo Sergio , Sala Matteo , Quiros‐Roldan Eugenia , Mussini Cristina , Girardi Enrico , Cozzi‐Lepri Alessandro , Antinori Andrea , Puoti Massimo ,   for the NoCo Study of the Icona cohort
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsWhether the HCV test‐and‐treat strategy impacted on the rate of new HCV infections among PLWH in Italy is unknown.MethodsProspective study of PLWH in the ICONA network. At baseline, PLWH were tested for HCV‐Ab; HCV‐RNA (if HCV‐Ab positive) and, if positive, treated with DAA. SVR12 indicated eradication. Seroconversions and re‐infections were evaluated yearly in HCV‐Ab neg and HCV‐RNA neg at first screening. We estimated the following: HCV seroconversions, incidence of HCV reinfections, and access to DAA and SVR12 rates tighter with factors associated with each outcome. Data were analysed by Cox regression, Poisson regression and logistic regression models.ResultsSixteen thousand seven hundred and forty‐three PLWH were included; 27.3% HCV‐Ab positive; of these, 39.3% HCV‐RNA positive. HCV seroconversion incidence: .48/100 PYFU (95% CI: .36–.65); re‐infections incidence: 1.40/100 PYFU (95% CI: .91–2.04). The risk factor for HCV re‐infection was young age: aIRR 1.85, 95% CI: 1.17–2.95) per 10 years younger. 86.4% of HCV viremic in follow‐up started DAA. PWID vs. heterosexuals (aHR .75, 95% CI .62–.90), HIV‐RNA >50 copies/mL (aHR .70, 95% CI .56–.87), HCV genotype other than G1, G2, G3, G4 or with multiple/missing HCV genotype and post‐COVID‐19 calendar periods were associated with lower DAA access. 922/965 (95.5%) PLWH achieved SVR12. We estimated 72% reduction of chance to achieve SVR12 in PLWH with a CD4 count <200/mm3 (vs. CD4 ≥200/mm3 aOR .18, 95% CI: .07–.46). 95.5% of DAA‐treated individuals eradicated HCV, but they represent only 53.2% of HCV viremic PLWH and 66.4% of those in follow‐up. HCV‐RNA positivity by year decreased from 41.7% in 2017 to 11.7% in 2022.ConclusionsThe screening‐and‐treat campaign implemented in Italy, even if only partially effective, resulted in a dramatic drop in HCV circulation in our cohort.
LGALS3BP is a potential target of antibody‐drug conjugates in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Cela Ilaria , Caponio Vito Carlo Alberto , Capone Emily , Pinti Morena , Mascitti Marco , Togni Lucrezia , Lo Muzio Lorenzo , Rubini Corrado , De Laurenzi Vincenzo , Lattanzio Rossano , Perrotti Vittoria , Sala Gianluca 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression of intracellular and vesicular LGALS3BP in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients and available cell lines to explore its potential as a target for antibody‐drug conjugate (ADC) therapy.MethodsFree and vesicular LGALS3BP expression levels were evaluated in cancer tissues from a cohort of OSCC patients as well as in a panel of OSCC cell lines through immunohistochemistry, qRT‐PCR, Western Blot analysis, and ELISA.ResultsLGALS3BP resulted in being highly expressed in the cytoplasm of tumour cells in OSCC patient tissues. A strong correlation was found between high LGALS3BP expression levels and aggressive histological features of OSCC. Biochemistry analysis performed on OSCC cell lines showed that LGALS3BP is expressed in all the tested cell lines and highly enriched in cancer‐derived extracellular vesicles. Moreover, LGALS3BP high‐expressing HOC621 and CAL27 OSCC cell lines showed high sensitivity to the ADC‐payload DM4, with an IC50 around 0.3 nM.ConclusionsThe present study highlights that LGALS3BP is highly expressed in OSCC suggesting a role as a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for ADC‐based therapy.
An interesting case of infra‐hisian block
Authors: Lakshman Harini , Banthiya Sukriti , Ahmed Ammar , Shah Dipak 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe management of patients with conduction disease and supraventricular arrhythmias presents a multitude of clinical challenges.Intra‐Hisian block, a condition characterized by delayed or blocked electrical conduction within the His bundle, can result in debilitating symptoms, such as syncope or presyncope. This case report aims to elucidate the diagnostic and therapeutic considerations that were taken in a patient who presented with recurrent syncopal episodes that corresponded to atrial flutter (AFL) and subsequently underwent cavotricuspid isthmus ablation.Case presentationA 65‐year‐old male with paroxysmal AFL and a pre‐existing right bundle branch block and left anterior fascicular block (RBBB+LAFB) experienced recurrent syncopal episodes that were found to be correlated with AFL episodes. Following CTI ablation, an electrophysiology study (EPS) revealed a prolonged HV interval of 101ms, which indicated potential conduction abnormalities. With coronary sinus pacing, an intra‐Hisian delay of 211ms was observed. During instances of atrioventricular block, intra‐Hisian delay was evident on conducted beats, followed by intra‐Hisian block on non‐conducted beats. Ultimately, the patient's syncopal episodes prompted the placement of a dual‐chamber pacemaker, which resulted in the resolution of symptoms.ConclusionIntra‐Hisian block is a condition that is often associated with delayed or blocked electrical conduction within the His bundle. When symptomatic, patients often present with syncope or presyncope. Etiologies of this condition include degenerative changes, myocardial infarction, autoimmune disorders, infections, medications, and more. This case emphasizes the importance of electrophysiology studies (EPS) in the diagnosis and management of patients with intra‐Hisian block. Prompt intervention, such as the placement of a dual‐chamber pacemaker, can alleviate symptoms and improve patient outcomes. Thus, clinical awareness and utilization of EPS can aid in accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment selection for patients with conduction abnormalities and supraventricular arrhythmias.cuspid isthmus (CTI) ablation.
The eXpectations of Parents regarding Anesthesiology Study (XPAS) from a parental perspective: a two‐phase observational cross‐sectional cohort study
Authors: Sjauw Daphne J. T. , Dulfer Karolijn , van Hoorn Camille E. , Buijs Vivi , de Bruijn Liesbeth , Reijtenbagh Bente W. M. , Tangel Virginia E. , de Graaff Jurgen C. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundUncertainty concerning anesthetic procedures and risks in children requiring anesthesia may cause concerns in parents and caregivers.AimsTo explore parental expectations and experiences regarding their child's anesthesia using questionnaires designed with parental input.MethodsThis observational cross‐sectional cohort study included parents (including caregivers) of children undergoing anesthesia in a tertiary pediatric referral university hospital. The study consisted of two phases. In Phase 1, we developed three questionnaires with parental involvement through a focus group discussion and individual interviews. The questionnaires focused on parental satisfaction, knowledge, concerns, and need for preparation regarding their child's anesthesia. In Phase 2, independent samples of parents completed the questionnaires at three time points: before the preanesthesia assessment (T1), 2 days after the preanesthesia assessment (T2), and 4 days after the anesthetic procedure (T3).ResultsIn Phase 1, 22 parents were involved in the development of the questionnaires. The three questionnaires contained 43 questions in total, of which 10 had been proposed by parents. In Phase 2, 78% (474 out of 934) parents participated at T1, 36% (610 out of 1705), at T2 and 34% (546 out of 1622) at T3. Parental satisfaction scores were rated on a visual analogue scale for the preanesthesia assessment with a median of 87/100, and with a median of 90/100 for the anesthetic procedure (0: not satisfied and 100: satisfied). Parental concerns were rated with a median of 50/100 (0: no concerns and 100: extremely concerned). Parental answers from the questionnaire at T2 revealed significant knowledge deficits, with only 73% reporting that the anesthesiologist was a physician. Parents preferred to receive more information about the procedure, especially regarding the intended effects and side effects of anesthesia.ConclusionsOverall, parental satisfaction scores regarding the pediatric anesthesiology procedure were high, with a minority expressing concerns. Parents indicated a preference for their child's anesthesiologist to visit them both before and after the anesthetic procedure. Parental expectations regarding anesthesia did not completely correspond with the information provided; more information from the clinician about the intended effects and side effects of anesthesia was desired.