bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single‐cell RNA‐seq reveals a microenvironment and an exhaustion state of T/NK cells in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Zhang Zhiyong , Deng Cong , Zhu Pei , Yao Danlin , Shi Jinlong , Zeng Tiansheng , Huang Wenhui , Huang Zeyong , Wu Zhihua , Li Junyi , Xiao Min , Fu Lin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous blood cancer. Effective immunotherapies for AML are hindered by a lack of understanding of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, we retrieved published single‐cell RNA sequencing data for 128,688 cells derived from 29 bone marrow aspirates, including 21 AML patients and eight healthy donors. We established a global tumor ecosystem including nine main cell types. Myeloid, T, and NK cells were further re‐clustered and annotated. Developmental trajectory analysis indicated that exhausted CD8+ T cells might develop via tissue residual memory T cells (TRM) in the AML TME. Significantly higher expression levels of exhaustion molecules in AML TRM cells suggested that these cells were influenced by the TME and entered an exhausted state. Meanwhile, the upregulation of checkpoint molecules and downregulation of granzyme were also observed in AML NK cells, suggesting an exhaustion state. In conclusion, our comprehensive profiling of T/NK subpopulations provides deeper insights into the AML immunosuppressive ecosystem, which is critical for immunotherapies.
Internet addiction and depressive and anxious symptoms among Chinese rural left‐behind adolescents: Mediating roles of resilience and friendship quality
Authors: Shang Ruizhe , Pang Huasheng , Jiang Jianjun , Ji Yuanyi , Liu Qijiao , Zhang Ming , Yang Ruixi , Li Shiying , Li Yuchen , Liu Qiaolan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundRural left‐behind adolescents are more vulnerable to Internet addiction and depressive and anxious symptoms due to the lack of family support and parental supervision. This study was the first to investigate the longitudinal relationships between Internet addiction and depressive and anxious symptoms and to examine the mediating roles of resilience and friendship quality in rural left‐behind adolescents.MethodsIncluded in this study, which was from a longitudinal study conducted five times over 2 years, were 1001 rural left‐behind adolescents. The internationally used scales for depressive and anxious symptoms, Internet addiction, resilience and friendship quality were administered. A structural equation model was used for analysis.ResultsThe prevalence of Internet addiction, depressive and anxious symptoms among rural left‐behind adolescents were 17.7%, 35.8% and 27.6%, respectively. Internet addiction predicted the later depressive and anxious symptoms (β = 0.200, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.116–0.274 and β = 0.263, 95% CI: 0.188–0.330). Resilience acted as an independent mediator in the relationships between Internet addiction and depressive and anxious symptoms (β = 0.037 and 0.034, P < 0.01). Resilience and friendship quality played a chain‐mediating role on the longitudinal relationships between Internet addiction and depressive and anxious symptoms (β = 0.011 and 0.010, P < 0.001). The mediating effects accounted for 24.0% and 16.7% of the total effects, respectively.ConclusionResilience and friendship quality play an independent or chain‐mediating role in longitudinal relationships between Internet addiction and depressive and anxious symptoms. The findings inform targeted intervention strategies to improve the mental health of left‐behind adolescents.
Preschoolers and adults metonymically extend proper names to owned objects
Authors: Zhu Rebecca , Gopnik Alison 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThree preregistered experiments, conducted in 2021, investigated whether English‐speaking American preschoolers (N = 120; 4–6 years; 54 females, predominantly White) and adults (N = 80; 18–52 years; 59 females, predominantly Asian) metonymically extend owners' names to owned objects—an extension not typically found in English. In Experiment 1, 5‐ and 6‐year‐olds and adults extended names to owned objects over duplicates (d = 0.34 in children;d = 1.13 in adults). In Experiment 2, 5‐ and 6‐year‐olds and adults extended names to owned over borrowed objects (d = 1.37 in children;d = 4.34 in adults). Experiment 3 replicated this finding with 4‐year‐olds (d = 0.43). Thus, English‐speaking preschoolers can acquire semantic generalizations, even those not present in their language.
Hippocampal synaptic plasticity injury mediated by SIRT1 downregulation is involved in chronic pain‐related cognitive dysfunction
Authors: Liu Yanping , Liu Qiang , Wang Haibi , Qiu Yongkang , Lin Jiatao , Wu Weifeng , Wang Ning , Dong Wei , Wan Jie , Chen Chen , Li Shuai , Zheng Hui , Wu Yuqing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimsCognitive dysfunction associated with chronic pain may be caused by impaired synaptic plasticity. Considering the impact of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) on synaptic plasticity, we explored the exact role of SIRT1 in cognitive impairment caused by chronic pain.MethodsWe evaluated the memory ability of mice with the fear conditioning test (FCT) after spared nerve injury (SNI) model. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to analyze the expression levels of SIRT1. Hippocampal synaptic plasticity was detected with Golgi staining, transmission electron microscopy, and long‐term potentiation (LTP). In the intervention study, AAV9‐CaMKIIα‐Cre‐EGFP was injected to SIRT1flox/flox mice to knockdown the expression levels of SIRT1. Besides, SNI mice were injected with AAV2/9‐CaMKIIα‐SIRT1‐3*Flag‐GFP or SRT1720 to increase the expression levels or enzymatic activity of SIRT1.ResultsOur current results indicated that cognitive function in SNI mice was impaired, SIRT1 expression in glutaminergic neurons in the hippocampal CA1 area was downregulated, and synaptic plasticity was altered. Selective knockdown of SIRT1 in hippocampus damaged synaptic plasticity and cognitive function of healthy mice. In addition, the impaired synaptic plasticity and cognitive dysfunction of SNI mice could be improved by the upregulation of SIRT1 expression or enzyme activity.ConclusionsReduced SIRT1 expression in hippocampus of SNI mice may induce cognitive impairment associated with chronic pain by mediating the impaired synaptic plasticity.
Fragrance allergens in cosmetic products marketed for children in Denmark
Authors: Botvid Sofia , Simonsen Anne Birgitte , Jørgensen Claus , Müller Stine , Kirkeby Christel Søgaard , Christensen Anne Beck , Johansen Jeanne Duus 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundFragrances are among the most common contact allergens in children. Cosmetic products are the most frequent source of skin exposure.ObjectiveTo investigate exposure to fragrance allergens among Danish children, based on a sample of 1179 cosmetic products marketed for children.MethodsInformation regarding cosmetic products marketed to children was obtained using a non‐profit smartphone application registry, with data from December 2015 to November 2022.ResultsThe number of validated products was 26  537, of which 1349 marketed for children. After elimination of duplicates, 1179 (4.4%) individual products remained. The majority 53.8% (634/1179) of the products were fragranced. The highest frequency of declared fragrances was found in ‘Facial care’‐products: 93.0% (80/86), of which 97.7% were lip balms. The highest number of labelled fragrances in one single product (n = 16) was found in a baby perfume. Fragrance mix I (FMI) or II (FMII) allergens were found in 25.3% (298/1179) of the products. Limonene and linalool were the two most frequently labelled fragrance allergens.ConclusionChildren can be exposed to a vast number of fragrance allergens from scented cosmetic products. Allergens from FM I and FMII are widely used in cosmetic products marketed to children. Patch testing with FMI and FMII remains relevant in children.
A novel feature ranking algorithm for text classification: Brilliant probabilistic feature selector (BPFS)
Authors: Parlak Bekir 
Published: August 2023

AbstractText classification (TC) is a very crucial task in this century of high‐volume text datasets. Feature selection (FS) is one of the most important stages in TC studies. In the literature, numerous feature selection methods are recommended for TC. In the TC domain, filter‐based FS methods are commonly utilized to select a more informative feature subsets. Each method uses a scoring system that is based on its algorithm to order the features. The classification process is then carried out by choosing the top‐N features. However, each method's feature order is distinct from the others. Each method selects by giving the qualities that are critical to its algorithm a high score, but it does not select by giving the features that are unimportant a low value. In this paper, we proposed a novel filter‐based FS method namely, brilliant probabilistic feature selector (BPFS), to assign a fair score and select informative features. While the BPFS method selects unique features, it also aims to select sparse features by assigning higher scores than common features. Extensive experimental studies using three effective classifiers decision tree (DT), support vector machines (SVM), and multinomial naive bayes (MNB) on four widely used datasets named Reuters‐21,578, 20Newsgroup, Enron1, and Polarity with different characteristics demonstrate the success of the BPFS method. For feature dimensions, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, and 1000 dimensions were used. The experimental results on different benchmark datasets show that the BPFS method is more successful than the well‐known and recent FS methods according to Micro‐F1 and Macro‐F1 scores.
Forest restoration thinning accelerates development of old‐growth characteristics in the coastal Pacific Northwest,USA
Authors: Case Michael J. , Ettinger Ailene K. , Pradhan Kavya 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA century of industrial‐scale management has transformed vast swaths of forest land across the Pacific Northwest (PNW), USA, from ancient forests with complex structure and diverse habitats to young forests with simple structure and dominated by few species. Consequently, there have been calls to restore ecosystem integrity and resilience. Here, we apply data from a watershed‐scale experiment to determine if restoration treatments have achieved our management goal of accelerating the development of old‐growth forest characteristics. We provide empirical evidence of how restoration treatments have affected key old‐growth forest indicators resulting in larger trees, more complex vertical and horizontal forest structure, reduced stand density, and increased understory plant richness. Our study also demonstrates that some restoration indicators responded in counter‐intuitive ways contingent on interactions between stand age and restoration treatment. Through this work, we learned two important lessons: (1) more time and monitoring may be needed to fully understand the effects of restoration treatments and (2) a “one and done” approach of implementing restoration treatments may not achieve a full suite of old‐growth characteristics. Moreover, long‐term management for wildlife habitat and climate resilience will likely require an adaptive approach, with ongoing monitoring continually informing and adjusting management practices.
Conversion between sirolimus and everolimus in heart transplant recipients
Authors: Wert Thomas J. , Heeney Stephanie , Morrison Maddy 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundSirolimus and everolimus are mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibitors (mTORi) that may be included in immunosuppression regimens for orthotopic heart transplant (OHT) recipients. mTORi play a role in slowing progression of cardiac allograft vasculopathy; however, they have poor tolerability, sometimes necessitating a change between agents or therapies. The literature surrounding a conversion between mTORi are incongruent, thus this study was designed to assess the concentration/dose ratio for each medication around the time of conversion to provide guidance for a conversion strategy between mTORi.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of adult OHT recipients who were maintained on both sirolimus‐ and everolimus‐based immunosuppression regimens. The primary outcome was the concentration/dose (C/d) ratio of sirolimus to everolimus. Secondary outcomes included changes in hematologic and lipid labs and patient‐reported intolerances.ResultsThe C/d ratio of sirolimus was 4.42, whereas the everolimus ratio was 2.23, resulting in a sirolimus: everolimus ratio of 1.98. Secondarily, after converting between mTORi, 93% of patients who reported intolerance(s) to one agent had a resolution of that intolerance. In our patient population, everolimus appeared better tolerated than sirolimus, with significantly more patients having no reported intolerances and significantly fewer patients experiencing edema. Other lab values were similar between patients receiving sirolimus and everolimus, except for an increased hemoglobin level in those receiving everolimus.ConclusionsThe conversion ratio of 1:2 observed in our population suggests OHT recipients may require an increased dose of EVL compared with SRL to maintain the same goal trough levels. A conversion between mTORi appeared to improve tolerability and did not lead to clinically significant worsening of any measured lab value.
An innovative phase I study in healthy subjects to determine the mass balance, elimination, metabolism, and absolute bioavailability of mitapivat
Authors: Prakash Chandra , Mangus Heidi , Yan Yan , Yang Hua , Iyer Varsha 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMitapivat, a first‐in‐class, oral, small‐molecule, allosteric activator of the red blood cell‐specific form of pyruvate kinase (PKR), was approved for the treatment of hemolytic anemia in adults with pyruvate kinase (PK) deficiency. In this phase I mass balance study in healthy males, we administered a single ~120 mg oral dose of [14C]mitapivat and a concomitant intravenous ~0.1 mg microdose of [13C6]mitapivat. We determined (1) the routes of total radioactivity excretion, including the mass balance of total radioactivity in urine and feces; (2) the pharmacokinetics of mitapivat and [13C6]mitapivat in plasma and total radioactivity in whole blood and plasma; (3) the absolute oral bioavailability of mitapivat; and (4) the metabolite profiles in plasma and excreta. Mean recovery of the radioactive dose was 89.1% (49.6% in urine and 39.6% in feces). [14C]Mitapivat was rapidly absorbed and extensively metabolized as <4% of the total radioactive dose was excreted unaltered in urine and feces. Mean absolute oral bioavailability was 72.7%. A total of 17 metabolites were identified. Mitapivat accounted for 57% and 34% of plasma radioactivity in AUC0–24 and AUC0–72 pooled samples, respectively. The remaining radioactivity was attributable to several metabolites, each representing <10% of the total radioactivity in pooled samples; none were disproportionate metabolites as defined by the US Food and Drug Administration and International Conference on Harmonisation M3 guidelines. Metabolite structures suggest that the primary metabolic pathways for [14C]mitapivat in humans include N‐dealkylation of the cyclopropylmethyl moiety, oxygenation of the quinoline‐8‐sulfonamide, oxidation/unsaturation, scission of the piperazine moiety, and amide hydrolysis.
Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion: decision science research opportunities
Authors: Tang Christopher S. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTAs of July 2022, all Fortune 100 companies have made public announcements about their commitments to Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI). At the same time, more universities are offering DEI certificates or degree programs. Despite this recent social movement, DEI research in decision science remains nascent. DEI can be a politically sensitive topic, but its economic and social impact on organizations and employees deserves careful examination. This article intends to engender a discussion of various DEI research opportunities for decision science researchers to explore.
Sex‐ and length‐dependent variation in migratory propensity in brown trout
Authors: Lavender Edward , Hunziker Yannick , McLennan Darryl , Dermond Philip , Stalder Dominique , Selz Oliver , Brodersen Jakob 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn partially migratory species, individuals either migrate at some point(s) in life or reside within their natal habitat throughout life. For salmonid fish, migration creates opportunities for feeding and growth, but it is also associated with increased mortality risk. Such trade‐offs likely differ between the sexes, since reproductive output is more closely tied to body size in females than males. However, testing hypotheses on sex‐specific migratory behaviour in would‐be first‐time migratory salmonids is difficult, since sexes are generally morphologically indistinguishable prior to maturation. Previous studies have evaluated the influence of sex on migration based on dissection of migratory juveniles or the sex ratio of returning adults. However, both approaches are potentially biased by differential survival during migration. Here, we utilise advances in minimally invasive genetic sex‐determination methods for salmonids to investigate sex‐specific, spring out‐migration propensity in potamodromous brown trout (Salmo trutta) in a pre‐Alpine, central European lake. We show that there are marked differences in migratory behaviour between males and females, with small (~10 cm) females being approximately twice as likely to migrate out of their natal river in spring compared to similarly sized males, which generally migrate for the first time at larger sizes (in similar proportions to larger females). This study highlights how novel genetic sex‐determination techniques can provide insight into the sex‐ and size‐specific life‐history trade‐offs that shape migration propensity. Moving forward, these techniques should become useful tools for ecologists and fisheries managers.
Geographic barriers and season shape the nightly timing of avian migration
Authors: Kranstauber Bart , Bauer Silke , Shamoun‐Baranes Judy 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimMillions of birds take to the air for nocturnal migrations. Although it is widely recognized that migrants generally depart after sunset, nightly migration timing and their dependence on geographic features are hardly known at a continental scale, yet highly important for the mitigation of human‐wildlife conflicts. Using weather radars, we investigate barrier and seasonal effects on the timing of nocturnal bird migration.LocationNorth western Europe: United Kingdom, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, France, Sweden and Finland.Time Period2014–2020.Major Taxa StudiedAves, nocturnal migrants, predominantly passerines.MethodsWe use nocturnal bird migration distributions extracted from 55 weather radars. The variation between these temporal distributions is captured using a principal component analysis, barrier effects and seasonal differences are investigated with a general linear model.ResultsMost variation in nightly migration timing can be explained by a univariate axis that distinguished a more evenly spread migration from a skewed migration. We found migration to be more evenly spread in spring and to have a clear peak early in the night in fall. Furthermore, migration is more peaked early in the night on locations close to or just upstream of major geographic barriers.ConclusionsOur study shows that migration fluxes tend to be more skewed during the night along coastlines and more uniform inland, far from water barriers. Regional and seasonal differences in nocturnal timing can provide vital information for adjusting the timing of wind park curtailment, lights‐out initiatives or other conflicts between migratory birds and human activities.
Longitudinal micro‐incision creation prior to balloon angioplasty for treatment of arteriovenous access dysfunction in a real‐world patient population: 6‐month cohort analysis
Authors: Aruny John , Hull Jeffrey E. , Yevzlin Alexander , Alvarez Alejandro C. , Beaver Jason D. , Heidepriem Robert W. , Serle Michael T. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionRoutine hemodialysis depends on well‐functioning vascular access. In the event of vascular access dysfunction, percutaneous transluminal balloon angioplasty (PTA) is conducted to restore patency. Although an angioplasty procedure can provide an excellent immediate result by opening the access to allow dialysis to continue, the long‐term patency rates are less than satisfactory. The goal of this study was to assess the outcomes of patients who underwent a novel vessel preparation via longitudinal, controlled‐depth micro‐incisions prior to PTA.MethodsThis multicenter, prospective, observational registry enrolled hemodialysis patients scheduled to undergo PTA of their arteriovenous fistula or graft due to clinical or hemodynamic abnormalities. A primary endpoint was anatomic success, defined as angiographic confirmation of <30% residual stenosis post‐procedure without an adverse event. Additional assessments included device technical success, clinical success, freedom from target lesion revascularization, target lesion primary patency, and circuit primary patency at 6 months.FindingsA total of 148 lesions were treated with the FLEX Vessel Prep™ System (FLEX VP) prior to PTA in 114 subjects at eight clinical sites. Target lesions were 21 ± 25 mm in length with mean pre‐procedure stenosis of 75.2% ± 4.7%. Five procedural complications were recorded without serious adverse events. Two subjects did not complete the follow‐up evaluation. Target lesion primary patency across all subjects at 6‐months was 62.2% with mean freedom from target lesion revascularization of 202.7 days. Target lesion primary patency and freedom from target lesion revascularization for AVF cases (n = 72) were 67.5% and 212.9 days, respectively. Target lesion primary patency and freedom from target lesion revascularization for AVGs (n = 42) were 52.4% and 183.3 days, respectively. In cases treating AVF cephalic arch stenosis (n = 25), 6‐month target lesion primary patency was 70.6% and freedom from target lesion revascularization was 213.4 days.DiscussionThis FLEX‐AV registry demonstrates safety and effectiveness, notably in the cephalic arch and AVGs, when FLEX VP is used prior to PTA for treatment of vascular access dysfunction in a population of end‐stage renal disease subjects.