bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative efficacy of the Antiplaque Effect of Natural Honey Mouthwash and Chlorhexidine Mouthwash. A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Abid Muhammad , Quareshi Saima , Zehra Tazeen 
Published: February 2023

Objectives: To compare the efficacy of natural Honey (10%) and chlorhexidine mouthwash (0.12%) on the dental plaque levels. Moreover, to evaluate the efficacy of natural Honey and chlorhexidine mouthwash on the level of dental plaque.
Methods: This study was a single-centered randomized controlled trial conducted on participants attending the Dental OPD of Dar-ul-Sehat hospital in Karachi. A total of 60 participants were included in the trial from June 2020 to December 2020. The sample size was calculated using openepi after entering the mean and SD of the honey and chlorhexidine groups. The study included sixty male and female participants ranging in age from 18 to 25 years, and those with medical illness, missing teeth, and antimicrobial history were excluded from the study. The subjects were randomly assigned to two groups: Natural Honey or Chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash. The data was collected at the baseline and 14th day; the plaque was revealed using a disclosing solution. Their scores were recorded at four sites per tooth using the Silness-Loe plaque index criteria. Later, statistical analysis was performed to compare the effects of the two groups. P ? 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Our findings revealed that both groups effectively lowered the plaque score. However, it showed a more significant reduction in plaque indices in the honey group on Day 14 when compared to chlorhexidine mouthwash.
Conclusion: Honey has been identified as a potent antibacterial agent with therapeutic properties. Based on the findings of this study, it is possible to conclude that gargling with the original honey 10% solution is effective in lowering dental plaque score. Honey can be used in relation to conventional treatments to protect dental plaque and gingivitis. More research will be needed to back up these preliminary findings. Moreover, the synergistic effect of Chlorhexidine with natural Honey must be investigated
Pattern of Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) at the Emergency Department of tertiary hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Mulugeta Rakeb , Zewdie Ayalew 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is the leading cause of death and disability-adjusted life years globally, with low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) bearing a high proportion of the burden. In this study, we aimed to assess the pattern of ACS at St Paul's hospital Emergency department.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out from September 1, 2017, to October 31, 201at St Paul's Hospital Millenium Medical College . Patients age >18 years old, presented to the Emergency department and had diagnosis of Acute Coronary Syndrome were included. Structured checklist were used to collect data from patient charts. Data was analayzed using SPSS version 25.
RESULTS: 103 patients were enrolled during the study period. The majority were males (n = 69, 64.5%). The average age was 55.65 ±13.96 years. The majority of patients (n = 67, 65.1%) arrived to the emergency department by taxi, and 60 patients (58.3%) were referred. The most common chief complaints were chest pain (n = 79, 76.7%), easy fatigability (n = 58, 56.3%) and epigastric discomfort (n = 44, 42.7%).The mean duration of symptoms before presentation to the ED was 3.4 ± 2.83 days. The most common risk factors identified were hypertension (n = 47, 45.6%) and diabetes mellitus (n = 31, 30.1%). Types of ACS included ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)(n = 74,71.8%),non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)(n = 22, 21.4%) and unstable angina (n = 7, 6.8%). Heart failure was the most common complication at presentation. The most common echocardiography findings were wall motion abnormalities (85.4%) and decreased ejection fraction (60.2%). The ED mortality rate was 6.8%.
CONCLUSION: The majority of patients with ACS used taxi and arrived at the hospital late.The most common presentations were chest pain and easy fatigability. STEMI was the most common type of ACS identified.
Oropharyngeal bee sting-unusual but life threatening site
Authors: Hailu Biruk , Zewdie Ayalew , Mosisa Lamessa 
Published: February 2023

Hymenoptera stings are among the most significant causes of anaphylaxis in the entire world. The response varies with symptoms ranging from skin reactions like rash and itching to respiratory discomfort, gastrointestinal issues, and cardiovascular failure. We report a case of a 34 years old male who survived after sustaining an oropharyngeal bee sting, one of a rare site but life-threatening one. He presented after having painful swallowing in the throat while drinking a local beverage, trouble breathing, hoarseness of voice, speech interruption, and a feeling of a bump in the throat. On physical exam, he was desaturating, tachypneic, and wheezing. He was kept in the emergency department with upper suspected airway obstruction secondary to an oropharyngeal bee sting. He was managed with O2 support, repeated doses of adrenalin, steroids, and salbutamol, and then discharged home improved.
Keywords: Anaphylaxis, Envenomation, Bee sting, Oropharyngeal, Airway
Tinjauan Yuridis Status Anak Di Bawah Tangan Dalam Hak Menerima Warisan
Authors: Yorita Sindi , Sofyan Ahmad , Astrid Zalsa Yulinda  , S Safitri  , E Ernawati  , H Hardiani  
Published: February 2023

Pernikahan di bawah tangan sering menjadi permasalahan terutama tentang status anak yang lahir dari perkawinan/nikah siri. Kaitannya dengan pelaksanaan perkawinan tidak dicatat sudah tentu akan menimbulkan akibat hukum. Akibat hukum tersebut khususnya bagi istri dan status anak yang dilahirkan selama dalam kurun waktu perkawinan berlangsung. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada dua rumusan masalah, yaitu bagaimana tinjauan yuridis terhadap hak waris anak hasil perkawinan di bawah tangan dan bagaimana upaya pembuktian status anak dan kedudukan hak waris anak dari perkawinan di bawah tangan melalui prosedur tes Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid (DNA). Jenis penelitian yang digunakan oleh penulis adalah penelitian hukum normatif, karena penelitian ini hanya ditujukan pada peraturan-peraturan tertulis sehingga penelitian ini sangat erat hubunganya pada perpustakaan karena membutuhkan data-data yang bersifat sekunder perpustakaan. Dalam penelitian ini ada beberapa sifat penelitian, yakni penelitian eksploratoris, penelitian deskriftif, dan penelitian eksplanatoris. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara studi dokumen terhadap data sekunder yang diperoleh dari buku-buku, pendapat para ahli maupun kasus hukum yang berkaitan dengan penelitian. Dari hasil penelitian mengenai tinjauan yuridis terhadap hak waris anak hasil perkawinan di bawah tangan yaitu dengan dikeluarnya putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi (MK) Nomor 46/PUUVIII/2010 tentang kedudukan anak luar nikah, Sementara upaya pembuktian agar mendapatkan status hukum dapat ditempuh sesuai ketentuan Pasal 55 ayat (2) Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 yang menyatakan : “ bila akta kelahiran tersebut dalam ayat (1) pasal ini tidak ada, maka pengadilan dapat mengeluarkan penetapan tentang asal usul seorang anak setelah diadakan pemeriksaan yang teliti berdasarkan bukti-bukti yang memenuhi syarat.” Bukti- bukti dalam hal ini harus dikembalikan kepada asas umum pembuktian sesuai Pasal 284 Rbg dan 164 HIR untuk membuktikan adanya perkawinan yang sah ditambah bukti lain berupa bukti hasil pemeriksaan tes DNA untuk membuktikan bahwa anak tersebut benar- benar dilahirkan dari pasangan suami istri tersebut
Factors Influencing Driving Time in Public Transport – A Multiple Regression Analysis
Authors: Bajčetić Stanko , Živanović Predrag , Tica Slaven , Milovanović Branko , Nađ Andrea 
Published: February 2023

Deviations in driving time (DT), or significant variations, occur frequently on urban public transport (PT) lines, except in subsystems with separate routes. DT variability is the main reason for disturbances in operation, leading to unstable and unreliable transport service. Moreover, it also causes variability in total user travel time, which is one of the main parameters of transport service quality. Identifying and quantifying factors that influence PT vehicle DT characteristics is significant for designing advanced prediction and passenger information systems and prioritising investments to reduce bus travel time and improve the scheduling process, and thus the level of transport service quality. An analysis of the elements of the route and other static elements of the line that influence DT was carried out in this paper. A model for determining and quantifying influential factors and methodologies for collecting all necessary data was created. The multiple regression model, developed as a result of the conducted multivariate statistical analysis using the specialised SPSS software, was applied to the selected representative set of lines in a real urban PT system. The created regression model explains between 18.2% and 97.4% of the variance of average, minimum and maximum DT and its deviation in the peak and off-peak periods.
Playing Software
Authors: Sicart Miguel 
Published: February 2023

The play element at the heart of our interactions with computers—and how it drives the best and the worst manifestations of the information age.
Whether we interact with video games or spreadsheets or social media, playing with software shapes every facet of our lives. In Playing Software, Miguel Sicart delves into why we play with computers, how that play shapes culture and society, and the threat posed by malefactors using play to weaponize everything from conspiracy theories to extractive capitalism. Starting from the controversial idea that software is an essential agent in the information age, Sicart considers our culture in general—and our way of thinking about and creating digital technology in particular—as a consequence of interacting with software's agency through play.
As Sicart shows, playing shapes software agency. In turn, software shapes our agency as we adapt and relate to it through play. That play drives the creation of new cultural, social, and political forms. Sicart also reveals the role of make-believe in driving our playful engagement with the digital sphere. From there, he discusses the cybernetic theory of digital play and what we can learn from combining it with the idea that playfulness can mean pleasurable interaction with human and nonhuman agents inside the boundaries of a computational system. Finally, he critiques the instrumentalization of play as a tool wielded by platform capitalism.
Memory
Authors: Craik Fergus , Jacoby Larry 
Published: February 2023

A short, accessible primer on human memory, its workings, feats, and flaws, by two leading psychological researchers.
Why do we vividly recall a traumatic childhood event but forget where we left our keys five minutes ago? How can a scent take us back fifty years while a colleague's name eludes us? In this compact introduction, two leading psychological researchers describe memory—how it works and why it sometimes doesn't; how it can be tricked, trained, or improved; and what changes with time.
In a manner as engaging as it is informative, Fergus Craik and Larry Jacoby explain the strengths and weaknesses of memory. They trace evolving ideas about memory's function and present a down-to-earth account of modern views. Citing the latest research, they outline the processes for acquiring and retrieving memories and explore the distinction between conscious and unconscious processes. With insights into the workings of the brain, Craik and Jacoby also provide a succinct account of feats and failures of memory, emotion and false memories, and the effects of aging. Their book draws a clear picture, at once broad and concise, of current and classical views of memory, that most essential and often mysterious feature of human life.
White Sight
Authors: Mirzoeff Nicholas 
Published: February 2023

From the author of How to See the World comes a new history of white supremacist ways of seeing—and a strategy for dismantling them.
White supremacy is not only perpetuated by laws and police but also by visual culture and distinctive ways of seeing. Nicholas Mirzoeff argues that this form of “white sight” has a history. By understanding that white sight was not always common practice, we can devise better ways to dismantle it. Spanning centuries across this wide-ranging text, Mirzoeff connects Renaissance innovations—from the invention of perspective and the erection of Apollo statues as monuments to (white) beauty and power to the rise of racial capitalism dependent on slave labor—with ever-expanding surveillance technologies to show that white sight creates an oppressively racializing world, in which subjects who do not appear as white are under constant threat of violence.
Analyzing recent events like the Black Lives Matter protests following the murder of George Floyd and the Central Park birdwatching incident, Mirzoeff suggests that we are experiencing a general crisis of white supremacy that presents both opportunities for and threats to social justice. If we do not seize this moment to dismantle white sight, then white supremacy might surge back stronger than ever. To that end, he highlights activist interventions to strike the power of the white heteropatriarchal gaze. White Sight is a vital handbook and call to action for anyone who refuses to live under white-dominated systems and is determined to find a just way to see the world.
Invention and Innovation
Authors: Smil Vaclav 
Published: February 2023

From the New York Times-bestselling author, a new volume on the history of human ingenuity—and its attendant breakthroughs and busts.
Included in BILL GATES's 2023 Holiday Reading List
Included in Lit Hub's Most Anticipated Books of 2023
Included in The Next Big Idea Club's February 2023 Must-Read Books

"Every Smil book that I own is marked up with lots of notes that I take while reading. Invention and Innovation is no exception. Even when I disagree with him, I learn a lot from him...he always strengthens my thinking."
—Bill Gates, Gates Notes
The world is never finished catching up with Vaclav Smil. In his latest and perhaps most readable book, Invention and Innovation, the prolific author—a favorite of Bill Gates—pens an insightful and fact-filled jaunt through the history of human invention. Impatient with the hype that so often accompanies innovation, Smil offers in this book a clear-eyed corrective to the overpromises that accompany everything from new cures for diseases to AI. He reminds us that even after we go quite far along the invention-development-application trajectory, we may never get anything real to deploy. Or worse, even after we have succeeded by introducing an invention, its future may be marked by underperformance, disappointment, demise, or outright harm.
Drawing on his vast breadth of scientific and historical knowledge, Smil explains the difference between invention and innovation, and looks not only at inventions that failed to dominate as promised (such as the airship, nuclear fission, and supersonic flight), but also at those that turned disastrous (leaded gasoline, DDT, and chlorofluorocarbons). And finally, most importantly, he offers a “wish list” of inventions that we most urgently need to confront the staggering challenges of the twenty-first century.
Filled with engaging examples and pragmatic approaches, this book is a sobering account of the folly that so often attends human ingenuity—and how we can, and must, better align our expectations with reality.
Liquid Shuttle Mediated by Microwick for Open‐Air Microfluidics
Authors: Liu Shijie , Zhan Zidong , Si Yifan , Yu Cunlong , Jiang Lei , Dong Zhichao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMicrofluidics has experienced rapid progress in additive manufacturing and microfluidic soft robots. The design of microfluidics is already moving into a more intelligent, integrated, and detachable direction. However, the pipeline resistance needs more external energy input to achieve high flow speed. Guided transport of liquid in the open‐air‐space microfluidics will be an effective solution. Inspired by the water shuttle on the pitcher plant tendril, herein, an open‐air microfluidic transport device is designed that consists of a superhydrophilic microwick with multi‐microgrooves by stereolithography. The liquid film confined in microgrooves can promote rapid fluid shuttle on the wet surface to enhance transport rate and inhibit the Rayleigh‐Plateau instability from forming larger dripping drops. The dripping volume and threshold Capillary number are optimized for effective liquid transport and drainage. State‐of‐the‐art microwick liquid shuttle technologies can guide liquid continuously in a prescribed direction or into multiple directions with 98% transport efficiency (the ratio of liquid collection volume and liquid injection volume) for water and 97% for ethanol in the closed‐open‐closed space. The proposed mechanism has the potential to streamline microfluidic applications—and, therefore, accelerate relevant liquid delivery development and ultimately their applications in microfluidic chip and additive manufacturing.
A NIR‐II AIEgen‐Based Supramolecular Nanodot for Peroxynitrite‐Potentiated Mild‐Temperature Photothermal Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Hu Haitao , Li Dan , Dai Wenbin , Jin Qiao , Wang Dong , Ji Jian , Tang Ben Zhong , Tang Zhe 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCompared to conventional photothermal therapy (PTT) which requires hyperthermia higher than 50 °C, mild‐temperature PTT is a more promising antitumor strategy with much lower phototoxicity to neighboring normal tissues. However, the therapeutic efficacy of mild‐temperature PTT is always restricted by the thermoresistance of cancer cells. To address this issue, a supramolecular drug nanocarrier is fabricated to co‐deliver nitric oxide (NO) and photothermal agent DCTBT with NIR‐II aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) characteristic for mild‐temperature PTT. NO can be effectively released from the nanocarriers in intracellular reductive environment and DCTBT is capable of simultaneously producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hyperthermia upon 808 nm laser irradiation. The generated ROS can further react with NO to produce peroxynitrite (ONOOˉ) bearing strong oxidization and nitration capability. ONOOˉ can inhibit the expression of heat shock proteins (HSP) to reduce the thermoresistance of cancer cells, which is necessary to achieve excellent therapeutic efficacy of DCTBT‐based PTT at mild temperature (<50 °C). The antitumor performance of ONOOˉ‐potentiated mild‐temperature PTT is validated on subcutaneous and orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) models. This research puts forward an innovative strategy to overcome thermoresistance for mild‐temperature PTT, which provides new inspirations to explore ONOOˉ‐sensitized tumor therapy strategies.
The impact of swaddling upon breastfeeding: A critical review
Authors: Dixley Allison , Ball Helen L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionMany parents swaddle their infants to promote sleep and reduce night‐waking, however lack of definitive evidence about the pros and cons of swaddling when breastfeeding hinders postnatal recommendations regarding this infant care practice. This review critically examines research conducted on the impact of swaddling upon breastfeeding.MethodsOnly two recent studies on swaddling outcomes have reported infant feed‐type, therefore the purpose of this paper is to consider the known effects of swaddling on breastfeeding babies and their mothers. We interpret the existing literature on swaddling in terms of impact on breastfeeding physiology and behaviour during the immediate post‐natal period, and as infancy progresses.ResultsInfants swaddled immediately after birth show a delay in initial breastfeeding, less successful suckling at the breast, reduced intake of breastmilk and greater weight loss compared to un‐swaddled babies. Swaddling visually obscures feeding cues and reduces crying, thereby eliminating two key feeding prompts typically used by parents/carers.ConclusionsAs swaddled babies cry less, and are fed less frequently than un‐swaddled babies some clinical trials position swaddling as a ‘novel weight regulation tool’ to combat obesity. However, in the case of breastfed babies, by reducing feed frequency swaddling may impede maternal milk production and thereby infant growth.
pH‐ and Redox‐Responsive Pickering Emulsions Based on Cellulose Nanocrystal Surfactants
Authors: Yang Yang , Sun Huilou , Wang Meng , Li Mingwei , Zhang Zhen , Russell Thomas P. , Shi Shaowei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNanoparticle surfactants (NPSs), formed by using dynamic interactions between nanoparticles and complementary ligands at the liquid‐liquid interface, have emerged as “smart emulsifiers” with attributes of high emulsification efficiency, long‐term stability, and on‐demand emulsification/demulsification capabilities. However, only pH‐responsiveness can be adopted for the assembly of reported NPSs formed by electrostatic interactions. Here, we propose an alternative design strategy, by taking advantage of the ferrocenium (Fc+) sulfate ion pair, to develop a new type of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) surfactant. The Fc+ groups are sensitive to pH, redox reagents and voltage, imparting the CNC surfactants and derived Pickering emulsions with multi‐stimuli‐responsiveness, and showing promising applications in controllable delivery, release, and biphasic biocatalysis.
Divalent Lanthanide Tetraisobutylaluminates: Reactivity and Living Isoprene Polymerization
Authors: Moinet Eric C. , Wolf Benjamin M. , Tardif Olivier , Maichle‐Mössmer Cäcilia , Anwander Reiner 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLanthanide (Ln) tetraisobutylaluminates constitute key components in commercial 1,3‐diene polymerization catalysts, and likewise are the homogeneous rare‐earth‐metal catalysts of prime industrial importance. Discrete divalent rare‐earth‐metal complexes [Ln(AliBu4)2] (Ln=Sm, Eu, Yb) reported here display the first structurally characterized homoleptic metal tetraisobutylaluminates. Treatment of [Ln(AliBu4)2] with C2Cl6 gives access to SmII/SmIII mixed‐valence cluster [Sm6Cl8(AliBu4)6] and the YbII cluster [Yb4Cl4(AliBu4)4], respectively. Reaction with B(C6F5)3 leads to hydride abstraction and formation of arene‐coordinated hydroborates such as [Sm{HB(C6F5)3}2(toluene)2]. Complexes [Ln(AliBu4)2] engage in single‐component isoprene polymerization, affording high cis‐1,4 polyisoprenes with narrow molecular weight distributions. Binary [Yb(AliBu4)2]/[HNPhMe2][B(C6F5)4] fabricates polyisoprene in a perfectly living manner. The catalytically active species are scrutinized by NMR spectroscopy.
In situ Interweaved Binder Framework Mitigating the Structural and Interphasial Degradations of High‐nickel Cathodes in Lithium‐ion Batteries
Authors: Jin Biyu , Cui Zehao , Manthiram Arumugam 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe practical viability of high‐nickel layered oxide cathodes is compromised by the interphasial and structural degradations. Herein, we demonstrate that by applying an in situ interweaved binder, the cycling stability of high‐nickel cathodes can be significantly improved. Specifically, the results show that the resilient binder network immobilizes the transition‐metal ions, suppresses electrolyte oxidative decomposition, and mitigates cathode particles pulverization, thus resulting in suppressed cathode‐to‐anode chemical crossover and ameliorated chemistry and architecture of electrode‐electrolyte interphases. Pouch full cells with high‐mass‐loading LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 cathodes achieve 0.02 % capacity decay per cycle at 1 C rate over 1 000 deep cycles at 4.4 V (vs. graphite). This work demonstrates a rational structural and compositional design strategy of polymer binders to mitigate the structural and interphasial degradations of high‐Ni cathodes in lithium‐ion batteries.