bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated analysis of hub genes and miRNA- transcription factor-hub gene interaction network in necrotizing enterocolitis
Authors: Su Yuqian , Wang Chen , Yang Yang , Huang Zhaorong , Luo Caiyun , Wu Kai , Yang Liucheng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to identify hub genes, related transcription factors (TFs) and miRNAs from the miRNA–TF–gene interaction network in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).
Methods
Three expression data sets from GEO database that compared NEC with surgical negative controls were used to calculate differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMis) and genes (DEGs). A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using DEGs and was used to determine hub genes. miRNAs related to hub genes were identified from the intersection between DEMis and predictions of hub gene-miRNA pairs using Starbase, TFs were predicted by hub genes, TF-miRNA pairs were predicted using miRNet. Finally, the miRNA–TF–hub gene interaction network was formed using these predicted pairs.
Results
A total of 14 DEMis and 123 DEGs were identified from the GEO datasets. One hundred and twenty DEGs were found in the PPI network. A pathogenic-associated interaction network was created by intersecting miRNAs, predicted TFs and hub genes. Article-published RNAs such as hsa-miR-7 or TLR4 were shown in this network, and novel RNAs and TFs (Hsa-miR-200a, GATA3, CXCL5) were shown in the network as important regulator.
Conclusions
This analysis displayed several important hub genes, TFs and miRNAs, some of which were not fully understood in previous studies of NEC. These results may play an important role in future studies on the etiology or treatment of NEC.
Prediction of Calcineurin inhibition using Phosphatase activity in immunosuppressing (Tacrolimus) oral drug dose regimen.
Authors: Reddy U.Swetha , D.M.Sruj  
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This is a pilot study conducted to validate the intensity of immunosuppression that an individual with kidney transplant develops post-surgical grafting of the organ. It also entails the plausible clinical and pharmacological factors that can contribute to the rejection of the organ on a broader scale. The immunosuppression drug under research is Tacrolimus (FK506), that is assayed for its inhibition of Calcineurin Phosphatase Activity (CPA/CaN Activity) resulting in acceptance and stabilization of the organ system as a whole after transplant. This study also attempts to prescribe a dose regimen by estimating the bioavailability of the oral dosage form. The subjects participating in this trial are an all-male group and are studied for a period of 3–6 months immediately after the surgical transplantation procedure. Therefore, the initial results obtained with the procedures followed are potential for a cohort study (of all genders and age groups).
Preform geometry determination for a connecting rod forging by CEL model in Abaqus™.
Authors: Ramírez Edgar Isaac , Ruiz Osvaldo , Reyes Carlos , Ortiz Armando 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Forging is a widely used manufacturing processes and its design and modeling are important to reducing production costs, increasing die lifespan and improving the mechanical properties of the final product. In this study, the forging process of a connecting rod was modeled using 3D Coupled Eulerian Lagrangian (CEL) analysis by FEM. The methodology adopted achieved to determine a preform geometry that reduces final flash and forging load, while ensuring complete filling of the stamp. Starting from the final geometry, the final die was designed. After the first result for an approximately 27% of flash, it was adjusted the material distribution decreasing it at the regions where the flash was too large. After an iterative method was applied to determine better preform, a proposal was found that reduced forging force by approximately 42% and the percentage of flash volume by 64% in comparison with the first one. A final flash of about 10% is considered a good objective to reach. Lower values may cause many iterations, not a significant difference in forging loads, the risk of an unfilled die and complex preform geometries.
A Resilient Task Allocation Method for UAV Swarm Based on PSO-ILP Bilevel Nested Optimization
Authors: Zeng Yifan , Ren Kezhou , Sun Qin , Zhang Yingchao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Traditional task allocation methods are threatened by the complexity and adversarial nature of modern battlefields. This work focuses on the modeling, optimization, and simulation verification of UAV swarm multi-domain fighting under the constraint of task resilience in order to address the issues created by various ways of deliberate enemy attack. Initially, a novel idea of equivalent load is proposed, considering it as the fundamental unit of reconnaissance, assault, communication, and other activities, in order to construct the capability load matrix of our single UAV and the needed load matrix of attacking each fighting unit in each battle region. Then, by integrating the strike probability and task completion degree, the task resilience capability index was developed, which improved the current UAV swarm task resilience measurement process. Due to the difficulty of traditional task allocation optimization methods in dealing with dynamic changes of optimization indexes before and after attacks, a resilience compensation load relaxation variable was added to the traditional Integral Linear Programming (ILP) problem description model of a UAV swarm. On the basis of a bilevel nested structure, a task allocation optimization method is created. Before an assault, the lower layer's ILP optimizer uses the swarm load cost as the target. The uppermost layer is comprised of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), which targets the comprehensive indices of UAV swarm load cost and task resilience after attack. It effectively resolves the multi-objective optimization problem of UAV swarms taking task difficulty into account. Ultimately, the test scenarios of three conflict domains, five basic battle units, and five load kinds were constructed, and the Ranchester battle model was used to simulate and validate the rationale and efficacy of the bilevel nested optimization method based on PSO-ILP.
Examining a hypothesized causal chain for the effects of the 2007 repeal of the permit-to-purchase licensing law in Missouri: homicide guns recovered in state and within a year of purchase.
Authors: Li Michelle , Small Dylan , Ye Ting , Lin Yuzhou 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Firearm-related deaths are a leading cause of death in the United States. Webster et al. (2014) found an association between Missouri’s repeal of a permit-to-purchase handgun licensing law and an increase in firearm-related homicides. The evidence for causality of this association would be strengthened by finding that the increase occurred through the hypothesized mechanism of increasing the ease with which those with violent intent could obtain guns. This study examines two measures: 1) proportion of guns recovered and purchased in-state and 2) time between firearm purchase and recovery by police following criminal use. The repeal was associated from 2008-2019 with a 0.05 increase in the proportion own-state gun trace (p < 0.0001, 95% confidence interval: 0.08,0.13) and a 0.10 increase in the proportion of guns recovered prior to one year after purchase (p = 0.01, 95% confidence interval: 1.20,1.90). Our study provides supportive evidence for the repeal increasing firearm-related homicides.
Candida auris induces phagocytosis, reactive oxygen species production and inflammation through TLR2, TLR4 and Dectin-1 dependent signaling in macrophages
Authors: Duan Zhimin , He Yanzhi , Wang Jianing , Chen Xu , Chen Qing , Li Min 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Candida auris is an important fungal pathogen with high rates of transmissibility, mortality and drug resistance. However, studies on its pathogenicity, host-pathogen interactions and macrophage immune responses against C. auris are still limited. This study compared the immune response induced by Candida albicansand C. auris, and explored the inflammation mechanisms of macrophages induced by C. auris. Macrophages showed lower phagocytosis rate, reactive oxygen species production and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β against C. auris when compared with C. albicans. To further study the mechanism of inflammatory response induced by C. auris, macrophages were stimulated with C. auris for different concentration and duration. The expression and secretion of IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β stimulated by C. auris depended on the activation of TLR2, TLR4, Dectin-1 and downstream signaling pathways. TLR2, TLR4 and Dectin-1 participated in the recognition and phagocytosis of C. auris. We found Dectin-1 was the most important receptor in mediating phagocytosis, while TLR4 was the most critical receptor in influencing inflammatory response. Overall, the study revealed that C. auris induced a lower level of phagocytosis, ROS production and pro-inflammatory factors expression than C. albicans, and TLR2, TLR4 and Dectin-1 played important role in C. auris induced inflammation.
Application of improved image restoration algorithm and depth generation in English intelligent translation teaching system
Authors: Bin Wu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The difficulty of English book translation lies in the need to recognize English characters in a complex background and perform accurate classification and translation. Based on the deep generative model, this paper constructs an intelligent translation system for English books based on machine learning and proposes an improved image restoration algorithm based on LSGAN on the basis of the image restoration algorithm based on DCGAN. Moreover, this paper optimizes the structure of the LSGAN network to a certain extent, improves the stability of the network, combines context loss and perceptual loss to find the most suitable generated image for filling. In addition, based on the VAE and GAN network structure, this paper proposes an improved image restoration algorithm based on VAE-GAN to improve the integrity of English characters and perform intelligent recognition. Finally, this paper analyzes through the experimental form, and after setting the identification object, the model constructed in this paper is used for translation, the translation accuracy and classification accuracy rate are calculated, and the performance analysis is performed after the statistical data. From the research results, it can be seen that the artificial intelligence model constructed in this paper has certain practical effects.
Filtering property of myelinated internode can change neural information representability and might trigger a compensatory action during demyelination
Authors: Das Sarbani , Maharatna Koushik 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Applying system analysis techniques with already published data of 6 Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) and 2 Central Nervous System (CNS) fibers we show that 1) a myelinated Internode (INS) is a low-pass filter permitting only a certain maximum spiking rate of an Action Potential (AP) train – the Neural Code Capacity (NCC), to propagate through it, 2) NCC of a fiber is a linear function of the g-ratio (r/ro) and γ=ro/L, where L, r and ro are the length, inner- and outer radius of an INS respectively, 3) L, r and the number of myelin turns (M) of an INS are linearly interdependent both for PNS and CNS fibers, 4) since different states of neural stimuli are coded by the spiking rate of an AP train, this filtering property explains how a stimulus information could be modified/disrupted during pathological conditions involving demyelination. Further, we show that instead of the traditional viewpoint that INS geometry is optimized to maximize Conduction Velocity (CV) of an AP, if we take a viewpoint that it is optimized for maximizing representability of the stimuli (the NCC) a fiber is meant to carry, then shortening of INS observed during demyelination is manifestation of a compensatory mechanism necessary to preserve the NCC of a fiber. Subsequently, we show that this new viewpoint is not only consistent with the experimental findings until now, but also can explain the hitherto unexplained experimentally observed phenomenon of non-unform distribution of INS and associated change in diameter of Nodes of Ranvier (NR) along an axon.
Intelligent recognition of English fuzzy text and teaching based on parallel projection and region expansion
Authors: Wang Ling 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The most important and difficult point of English fuzzy text is how to effectively improve boundary segmentation and character classification. Traditional fuzzy text recognition models are often difficult to accurately identify the characteristics of fuzzy English text. In order to improve the effect of English fuzzy text recognition, based on machine learning technology, this paper combines parallel projection and region expansion technology to construct an English fuzzy text intelligent recognition system. Moreover, based on the idea of region growth, this paper expands the triangular facets of the same processing area onto the same plane, then recalculates the associated texture points, and uses the rotation and translation method to wrap the two-dimensional vector texture on the surface of the three-dimensional model, which effectively solves the problem of entanglement of the two-dimensional vector map on the three-dimensional model when the texture information is insufficient, and realizes the intelligent recognition of fuzzy English characters with the support of the intelligent database. In addition, this paper designs a controlled experiment to analyze the recognition effect. The research results show that the model constructed in this paper works well.
Microplastics in snow from protected areas in Hokkaido, the northern island of Japan
Authors: Ohno Hiroshi , Iizuka Yoshinori 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Snowfall is regarded as a carrier of airborne microplastics (MPs). Deposited snow can function as a temporary reservoir for atmospheric MPs. Nevertheless, knowledge and understanding of microplastics in snow remain sparse. This study investigates the abundance, composition, size, and shape of microplastics in snow specimens from various nature preservation areas and also from urban sites in Hokkaido. Various polymeric-type microplastics with mostly fragment shapes were detected among the specimens. Results demonstrated that MP abundance generally decreases concomitantly with increasing remoteness of sampling sites. Observed features of microplastics at different locations and their relation to geographical settings have indicated that the ubiquitously observed fine particles (mainly alkyd, ethylene-vinyl acetate, and polyethylene) are attributable to long-distance atmospheric transportation, while the rubber and larger particles especially found near highways and cities are from local sources of plastic.
Assessing the barriers and enablers to the implementation of the diagnostic radiographer musculoskeletal X-ray reporting service within the NHS in England: A Systematic literature review
Authors: Lockwood Paul , Burton Christopher , Woznitza Nicholas , Shaw Theresa 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Introduction: The United Kingdom (UK) government's healthcare policy in the early 1990s paved the way for healthcare professionals to adopt wider clinical practice roles, resulting in the skills mix development and implementation of diagnostic radiographers' X-ray reporting service in clinical practice. Current clinical practice within the public UK healthcare system reflects the same pressures of increased demand in patient imaging and limited capacity of the reporting workforce (radiographers and radiologists) as in the 1990s. This study aimed to identify, define and assess the implementation of the diagnostic radiographer X-ray reporting service in the National Healthcare System (NHS) in England, which have impacted the implementation and expansion of this advanced practice.
Methods: Multiple independent databases were searched, including PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE; Embase; CINAHL, and Google Scholar, as well as journal databases (Scopus, Wiley), healthcare databases (NHS Evidence Database; Cochrane Library) and grey literature databases (OpenGrey, GreyNet International, and the British Library EthOS depository). A combination of keywords, Boolean logic, truncation, parentheses and wildcards with inclusion/exclusion criteria and a time frame of 1995-2022 was applied. The resulting literature was assessed against Joanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal checklists. The results were displayed in a PRISMA flow chart and a thematic matrix.
Results: The wide and diverse range of data (n=241 papers) identified barriers and enablers of implementation, which were categorised into measures of macro, meso, and micro levels, and thematic categories of context, culture, environment, and leadership.
Conclusion: The literature since 1995 has reframed the debates on implementation of the radiographer reporting role and has been instrumental in shaping clinical practice and behaviours. There has been clear influence upon both meso (professional body organisations) and macro-level (governmental/health service) policies and guidance, that have shaped change at micro-level NHS Trust organisational levels. There is clear evidence of a shift in culturally intrenched legacy perspectives within and between different meso-level professional bodies around skills mix acceptance and role boundaries. This has helped shape capacity building of the reporting workforce and radiographer technical skills development. All of which have contributed to conceptual understandings of the skills mix workforce within modern radiology services and helped improve downstream patient diagnosis, treatment and management outcomes.
Implications for practice: The findings of this study can help to inform and support implementation strategies and facilitation of the diagnostic radiographer X-ray reporting service in NHS clinical practice.
Interobserver agreement in assessment of chest radiographs for the diagnosis of pneumonia between residents and radiologists in a pediatric emergency department: The role of patient and resident characteristics
Authors: Shlayer Tali , Benacon Michael , Glick Yair , Yakubovich Daniel , Sharon Nechama 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Chest radiograph is often considered to be a standard procedure for diagnosis of pneumonia; however, its interpretation shows considerable variability among observers.Aims This study goal is to assess the extent of agreement between pediatric residents and board-certified radiologists in interpretation of chest films for detection of pneumonia and to evaluate the impact of resident’s experience, patient’s age and signs of infection on this phenomenon.Methods 935 patients with suspected pneumonia admitted to the pediatric emergency department at a non-tertiary medical hospital in Israel during 2019–2021 were included in this study. All patients had chest radiographs interpreted by a resident and a radiologist. Interobserver agreement was assessed using Kappa and prevalence-adjusted bias-adjusted kappa (PABAK) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results were stratified by resident experience (junior or senior), patient’s age (≤ 3 or > 3 years), white blood cells (≤ 15,000 or > 15,000 cells/mL), C-reactive protein (≤ 5 or > 5.0 mg/dL) and temperature (< 38.0°C or ≥ 38.0°C).Results Moderate agreement between pediatric residents and radiologists was demonstrated for diagnosis of pneumonia (kappa = 0.45). After adjustment for disease prevalence, the extent of agreement increased to near-substantial (PABAK = .59, 95% CI 0.54–0.64). The extent of agreement was higher for children over three years and in patients without clinical or biochemical features of pneumonia, especially when diagnosis of pneumonia was ruled out.Conclusions Second reading of chest radiographs by an experienced radiologist should be considered particularly for patients below age of three years and those with signs of infection and an initial diagnosis of pneumonia.
Synthesis of ultra pure Co3Sn2S2 crystals
Authors: Gao Hong-Jun , Lv Senhao , Guo Hui , Yang Jiangang , Zhu Ke , Zhao Lin , Li Yan , Guzman Roger , Kong Xianghua , Xian Guoyu , Cheng Qiuzhen , Zheng Qi , Huang Li , Xing Yuqing , Chen Hui , Zhao Zhen , Qi Qi , Pan Lulu , Song Linxuan , Shen Chengmin , Zhao Dongliang , Lin Xiao , Pennycook Stephen , Zhou Wu , Ji Wei , He Jun , Zhou Xingjiang , Yang Haitao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

As a ferromagnetic topological semimetal with a strong anomalous Hall effect (AHE), Co3Sn2S2 has been extensively explored for manipulating the topological state via the changed magnetic order as well as device applications connecting dissipationless spin and charge transport1-3. However, the main challenge is the improvement of the crystal quality, which is crucial for enhancing physical properties including AHE, carrier mobility, and magnetoresistance4,5. Here, we report the synthesis of ultra pure Co3Sn2S2 single crystals with an ultra low impurity density by an innovative crystal-sourced chemical vapor transport (CS-CVT) approach, achieving ultrahigh anomalous Hall angle (AHA) of 40%, carrier mobility and magnetoresistance (MR) of 10490 cm2V-1s-1 and 2500%, respectively. These values represent a huge improvement on previously reported highest values of either pristine or doped Co3Sn2S2 (of 33%, 2600 cm2V-1s-1, and 180% respectively)4,6. Equally importantly, the anomalous Hall conductivity (AHC) of our crystals reached 1600 Ω-1cm-1, which is larger than the theoretically predicted value of 1310 Ω-1cm-1 from the integral of Berry curvature7. Observation of an ultranarrow flat band and topological surface states near the Fermi level provides good microscopic understanding of this gigantic anomalous Hall effect. Our high-quality magnetic topological materials are expected to facilitate a full understanding of the strong electronic correlation and may perhaps lead to the discovery of a quantum AHE in the 2D limit.
Internal transcribed spacer region typing of Trichophyton interdigitale isolated from Japanese patients
Authors: Hiruma Junichiro , Nojo Honoka , Tsuchihashi Hitoshi , Noguchi Hiromitsu , Hiruma Masataro , Harada Kazutoshi , Kano Rui 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Trichophyton interdigitale, an anthropophilic species, is one of the main causative agents of tinea unguium and tinea pedis. T. interdigitale and the zoophilic species T. mentagrophytes are morphologically and physiologically very similar. Isolates of the T. interdigitale/T. mentagrophytes complex from around the world have been classified into more than 10 internal transcribed spacer (ITS) genotypes. In this study, we isolated T. interdigitale from Japanese patients and investigated which ITS type was more common. The ITS regions of 29 clinical isolates of T. interdigitale and one clinical isolate of T. mentagrophytes were sequenced. The phylogenetic analysis of the ITS region sequences revealed that the 29 isolates of T. interdigitale belong to ITS type II of T. interdigitale. The one clinical isolate of T. mentagrophytes was in the same cluster with ITS type II* of T. mentagrophytes. One terbinafine-resistant strain of T. interdigitale also belonged to ITS type II of T. interdigitale.