bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
X-Shooting ULLYSES: Massive stars at low metallicity
Authors: Hawcroft C. , Sana H. , Mahy L. , Sundqvist J. O. , de Koter A. , Crowther P. A. , Bestenlehner J. M. , Brands S. A. , David-Uraz A. , Decin L. , Erba C. , Garcia M. , Hamann W.-R. , Herrero A. , Ignace R. , Kee N. D. , Kubátová B. , Lefever R. , Moffat A. , Najarro F. , Oskinova L. , Pauli D. , Prinja R. , Puls J. , Sander A. A. C. , Shenar T. , St-Louis N. , ud-Doula A. , Vink J. S. 
Published: March 2023

Context. The winds of massive stars have a significant impact on stellar evolution and on the surrounding medium. The maximum speed reached by these outflows, the terminal wind speed v∞, is a global wind parameter and an essential input for models of stellar atmospheres and feedback. With the arrival of the ULLYSES programme, a legacy UV spectroscopic survey with the Hubble Space Telescope, we have the opportunity to quantify the wind speeds of massive stars at sub-solar metallicity (in the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, 0.5 Z⊙ and 0.2 Z⊙, respectively) at an unprecedented scale.
Aims. We empirically quantify the wind speeds of a large sample of OB stars, including supergiants, giants, and dwarfs at sub-solar metallicity. Using these measurements, we investigate trends of v∞ with a number of fundamental stellar parameters, namely effective temperature (Teff), metallicity (Z), and surface escape velocity vesc.
Methods. We empirically determined v∞ for a sample of 149 OB stars in the Magellanic Clouds either by directly measuring the maximum velocity shift of the absorption component of the C IV λλ1548–1550 line profile, or by fitting synthetic spectra produced using the Sobolev with exact integration method. Stellar parameters were either collected from the literature, obtained using spectral-type calibrations, or predicted from evolutionary models.
Results. We find strong trends of v∞ with Teff and vesc when the wind is strong enough to cause a saturated P Cygni profile in C IV λλ1548–1550. We find evidence for a metallicity dependence on the terminal wind speed v∞ ∝ Z0.22±0.03 when we compared our results to previous Galactic studies.
Conclusions. Our results suggest that Teff rather than vesc should be used as a straightforward empirical prediction of v∞ and that the observed Z dependence is steeper than suggested by earlier works.
Effektivität von Mukosa Muskel Flaps in der Behandlung von perianalen Fisteln bei Morbus Crohn und kryptoglandulären Fisteln – eine Langzeit-Follow-up-Studie
Authors: Schineis Christian , Warschkow René , Bruder Leon , Lauscher Johannes C , Kamphues Carsten , Kreis Martin , Weixler Benjamin 
Published: March 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die chirurgische Behandlung von perianalen Fisteln, die von Morbus Crohn (MC) oder kryptoglandulären Abszessen (KGA) ausgehen, bleibt eine Herausforderung. Daten zu
langfristigen Heilungsraten sind rar. Unser Ziel war es, die langfristige Erfolgsrate von Mukosa-Muskel-Flap-Operationen (MMF-Operationen) zu bewerten.
Methoden Diese monozentrische retrospektive Studie wurde zwischen dem 1. März 2010 und dem 31. März 2020 an einem tertiären Referenzzentrum (Charité Universitätsklinikum Berlin,
Campus Benjamin Franklin) durchgeführt. Patienten mit komplexen perianalen Fisteln, die durch MC oder KGA entstanden und mit MMF behandelt wurden, wurden eingeschlossen. Die langfristigen
Heilungsraten von MMF-Operationen bei KGA und MC wurden verglichen. Regressionsanalysen wurde angewandt, um prädiktive Faktoren für eine definitive Heilung zu identifizieren.
Ergebnisse 83 Patienten (24 MC, 59 KGA) wurden eingeschlossen. Die mediane Nachbeobachtungszeit betrug bei MC 5,4 und bei KGA 1,9 Jahre. Eine definitive Heilung der Fisteln wurde
bei 19 (79,2%) MC-Patienten (p = 0,682) und bei 44 (74,6%) KGA-Patienten erreicht. Die Heilungszeit war bei KGA signifikant kürzer als bei MC (9,3 Monate [Standardabweichung: SD = 11,3
Monate] vs. 30,9 Monate [SD = 23,5 Monate]; p < 0,001). Die Behandlung mit Biologika (Hazard Ratio: HR = 0,18; 95%-Konfidenzintervall: 95%-KI = 0,06–0,59; p = 0,004) und die Anlage
eines protektiven Ileostomas (HR = 0,29; 95%-KI = 0,10–0,85; p = 0,023) bei MC waren unabhängige Prädiktoren für den MMF-Erfolg. Die gleichzeitige Medikation mit Azathioprin bei MC war ein
unabhängiger Prädiktor für MMF-Versagen (HR = 3,20; 95%-KI = 1,05–9,81; p = 0,041).
Schlussfolgerung Diese Studie zeigt, dass die chirurgische Therapie von perianalen Fisteln mit MMF bei insgesamt etwa 75% der Patienten erfolgreich ist. Patienten mit MC
profitieren von Biologika und einem protektiven Ileostoma. Die Behandlung mit Azathioprin hat einen negativen Einfluss auf die Rezidivrate. Eine vorangegangene MMF-Operation erhöht das
Risiko eines MMF-Versagens bei wiederholten Operationen nicht.
Cadaveric Study for Safe Elevation of a Profunda Artery Perforator Flap: Anatomy of the Perforators and Obturator Nerves
Authors: Nam Yong-Seok , Kim Hyung Bae , Kim Sang Hyun , Eom Jin Sup , Han Hyun Ho 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background This cadaveric study aimed to describe the anatomy of the profunda artery perforators (PAPs).
Methods In total, nine free cadavers with 18 upper thighs were dissected, 12 of which were from female cadavers, and 6 were from male cadavers. The average age of the cadavers was 84.7 ± 4.2 years. Dissection was performed to evaluate the anatomic position and characteristics of the femoral PAPs. The perforator distance from the gluteal sulcus, number of perforators, perforating muscles, diameter of the perforators, origin of the perforators, and number of nerves passing above and below the perforators were determined.
Results The average number of perforators that penetrate the adductor magnus muscle was 2.5. The average distance from the origin of the perforators to the gluteal sulcus was 71.72 ± 28.23 mm. The average numbers of the obturator nerves passing above and below the perforator in the adductor magnus muscle were 1.3 (range, 0–4) and 0.7 (range, 0–2), respectively.
Conclusion The results provide a detailed anatomic basis for the PAP flap. The perforators of a PAP flap may be included in a flap with a transverse design. Sacrificing the small obturator nerves during dissection may not lead to significant donor site morbidity.
A Comparison of Postoperative Outcomes Between Immediate, Delayed Immediate, and Delayed Autologous Free Flap Breast Reconstruction: Analysis of 2010–2020 NSQIP Data
Authors: Marquez Jessica L. , Sudduth Jack D. , Kuo Keith , Patel Ashraf A. , Eddington Devin , Agarwal Jayant P. , Kwok Alvin C. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background While many factors influence decisions related to the timing between mastectomy and flap-based breast reconstruction, there is limited literature comparing postoperative complications between immediate (IBR), delayed immediate (DIBR), and delayed (DBR) reconstruction modalities. Using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP), we sought to compare postoperative complication rates of each timing modality.
Methods The NSQIP 2010–2020 database was queried for patients who underwent free flap breast reconstruction. Cases were categorized to include mastectomy performed concurrently with a free flap reconstruction, removal of a tissue expander with free flap reconstruction, and free flap reconstruction alone which are defined as IBR, DIBR, and DBR, respectively. The frequency of postoperative outcomes including surgical site infection (SSI), wound dehiscence, intraoperative transfusion, deep venous thrombosis (DVT), and return to operating room (OR) was assessed. Overall complication rates, hospital length of stay (LOS), and operative time were analyzed. Multivariable regression analysis controlling for age, race, BMI, diabetes, hypertension, ASA class, and laterality was performed.
Results A total of 7,907 cases that underwent IBR, DIBR (n = 976), and DBR reconstruction (n = 6,713) were identified. No statistical difference in occurrence of SSIs, wound dehiscence, or DVT was identified. DIBR (9%) and DBR (11.9%) were associated with less occurrences of reoperation than IBR (13.2%, p < 0.001). Univariate and multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that DIBR and DBR were associated with a lower odds of complications and shorter operation time versus IBR. No statistically significant differences between DIBR and DBR in surgical complications, LOS, and operative time were identified.
Conclusion Awareness of overall complication rates associated with each reconstructive timing modality can be used to help guide physicians when discussing reconstructive options. Our data suggests that DIBR and DBR are associated with less overall complications than IBR. Physicians should continue to consider patients' unique circumstances when deciding upon which timing modality is appropriate.
Free Tissue Transfer to the Lower Extremity in the Setting of Thrombocytosis and the Role of Antiplatelet Therapy: A Propensity Score–Matched Analysis
Authors: Berger Lauren E. , Huffman Samuel S. , Bovill John D. , Spoer Daisy L. , Shin Stephanie , Truong Brian N. , Gupta Nisha , Attinger Christopher E. , Akbari Cameron M. , Evans Karen K. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background Free tissue transfer (FTT) provides a versatile method to achieve successful lower limb salvage. Thrombocytosis in patients undergoing lower extremity (LE) FTT is associated with increased risk of complications. The aims of this study were to assess the feasibility of performing LE FTT in patients with preoperative thrombocytosis, and whether antiplatelet (AP) therapy on the day of surgery (DOS) affects outcomes.
Methods A retrospective review of thrombocytotic patients who underwent LE FTT between 2011 and 2022 was performed. Patients were stratified into groups based on the receipt of AP therapy on the DOS. Patients were propensity score matched for comorbidity burden and postoperative risk stratification. Outcomes of interest included perioperative transfusion requirements, postoperative flap-related complications, rates of flap success, limb salvage, and ambulatory status.
Results Of the 279 patients who underwent LE FTT, 65 (23.3%) were found to have preoperative thrombocytosis. Fifty-three patients remained following propensity score matching; of which, 32 (60.4%) received AP therapy on the DOS and 21 (39.6%) did not. Overall flap success rate was 96.2% (n = 51). The likelihoods of thrombosis and hematoma development were similar between cohorts (p = 0.949 and 0.574, respectively). Receipt of DOS AP therapy was associated an additional 2.77 units and 990.10 mL of transfused blood (p = 0.020 and 0.018, respectively). At a mean follow-up of 20.7 months, overall limb salvage and ambulatory rates were 81.1% (n = 43) and 79.2% (n = 42), respectively, with no differences between cohorts.
Conclusion Preoperative thrombocytosis is not an absolute contraindication to LE FTT. DOS AP therapy may be protective in comorbid patients with elevated platelet counts but must be weighed against possible short-term bleeding as suggested by significant increases in postoperative transfusion requirements.
Sparing the Perineal Body: A Modification of the Posterior Sagittal Anorectoplasty for Anorectal Malformations with Rectovestibular Fistulae
Authors: Badillo Andrea , Tiusaba Laura , Jacobs Shimon Eric , Al-Shamaileh Tamador , Feng Christina , Russell Teresa Lynn , Bokova Elizaveta , Sandler Anthony , Levitt Marc A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background The posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP) used to repair an anorectal malformation (ARM) with a rectovestibular fistula involves incising the perineal body skin and the sphincter muscles and a posterior sagittal incision to the coccyx. Perineal body dehiscence is the most common and morbid complication post-PSARP which can have a negative impact on future bowel control. With consideration of all the other approaches described to repair this anomaly, we developed a perineal body sparing modification of the standard PSARP technique.
Methods Four patients with ARM with a rectovestibular fistula were repaired with a perineal body sparing modified PSARP at a single institution between 2020 and 2021. The incision used was limited, involving only the length of the anal sphincter, with no incision anterior or posterior to the planned anoplasty. Dissection of the distal rectum and fistula was performed without cutting the perineal body. Once the distal rectum was mobilized off the posterior vaginal wall and out of the vestibule, the perineal body muscles, where the fistula had been, were reinforced and an anoplasty was then performed.
Results Operative time was the same as for a standard PSARP. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications. No postoperative dilations were performed. All patients healed well with an excellent cosmetic result. All are too young to assess for bowel control.
Conclusion We present a new technique, a modification of the traditional PSARP for rectovestibular fistula, which spares the perineal body. This approach could eliminate the potential complication of perineal body dehiscence.
Recommendations for Designing, Conducting and Reporting Clinical Observational Studies in Homeopathic Veterinary Medicine
Authors: Weiermayer Petra , Frass Michael , Fibert Philippa , Klein-Laansma Christien , Ulbrich-Zürni Susanne 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background Clinical observational studies are an important methodological approach in human and veterinary research, examining and describing treatment experience with good external validity. There are currently few observational studies in the field of homeopathic veterinary medicine.
Aim The aim of the study was to develop recommendations for designing, conducting and reporting observational studies in homeopathic veterinary medicine.
Materials and Methods A literature review was performed using various search strategies for identifying guidelines and checklist tools relevant for observational studies, veterinary research and homeopathy. Useful guidelines were selected. Prior recommendations for designing and conducting observational studies in human homeopathic medicine were supplemented with recommendations for homeopathic veterinary medicine that were evaluated by an expert panel.
Results The veterinary extension of the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology – Veterinary (STROBE-Vet) statement was identified as a useful tool to improve the reporting quality of observational studies, and it has been supplemented here with additional recommendations that are applicable to homeopathy. STROBE-Vet is complemented in the literature by several reports, checklists and guidelines on veterinary medicine in general, such as the Checklist for One Health Epidemiological Reporting of Evidence (COHERE) and the Animal Health Surveillance Reporting Guidelines (AHSURED). Identified items that related to laboratory animal research were excluded as non-relevant to our study.
Conclusion Clinical observational studies are an important methodological approach, having currently unrealized potential in the field of homeopathic veterinary medicine. With relatively minor adjustments, the practical guidelines and checklists available to researchers in designing, conducting and reporting observational studies in human homeopathic medicine have been adapted for homeopathic veterinary medicine, for which high quality can be assured by implementing recommendations such as those in STROBE-Vet. With the emergence of the One Health concept, the COHERE checklist can be viewed with growing significance.
Use of Propeller Flaps for the Reconstruction of Defects around the Ankle
Authors: Benedetti Fernando , Kafury Paola , Reyes-Arceo Fabiola , Lizardo Carmelo , Reina Federico , Zuluaga Mauricio 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background This article describes the clinical results of the use of propeller flaps during reconstruction of coverage defects around the ankle.
Methods A retrospective study of all patients with bone and soft tissue defects around the ankle reconstruction using propeller flap between January 2021 and December 2022 was conducted. Flap survival rate and complications were the outcomes variables.
Results A total of 14 reconstructions in 13 patients (mean age: 45.8 ± 16.7 years) using propeller flaps were performed in the study period. The medial malleolus was the most affected area (n = 5) and the defect size ranged from 12 to 33.7 cm2. The posterior tibial artery was used as a perforator in 11 flaps. Complications were identified in five flaps, four developed venous congestion and one case, reactivation of infection. Only one propeller flap presented complete failure associated with necrosis. Good soft tissue coverage was achieved in 13 of 14 flaps.
Conclusion Propeller flaps proved to be a valid management option during reconstruction of bone and soft tissue defects around the ankle, offering adequate coverage in most cases. Adequate patient selection is important to decrease the risk of complications.
Juvenile Dermatomyositis and Diffuse Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis Overlap
Authors: Shatnawi Hani , Ailabouni Dona , Shatnawi Ahmad Mohammad , Makahleh Faisal Mohammad Hussain , AlBalawi Bader , Namas Rajaie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe overlapping nature of autoimmune diseases makes diagnosing and stratifying prognosis extremely difficult. Scleromyositis, the most common overlap syndrome, is typically seen in adults and is rarely seen in children. An overlap syndrome like scleromyositis would have clinical features of at least two connective tissue diseases (juvenile dermatomyositis and systemic sclerosis). Furthermore, the presence of anti-PM/Scl antibodies is critical. We describe a patient who presented with widespread skin tightening, hoarseness of voice, dysphagia, and muscle weakness that had been present for 6 months. The patient was diagnosed with overlap juvenile scleromyositis (scleroderma-dermatomyositis overlap). In practice, distinguishing this syndrome from dermatomyositis and scleroderma is critical.
Predicting Factors of Brucella melitensis Bacteremia in Children Admitted with Brucellosis
Authors: Erat Tuğba , Ercan Tuğba Meliha Fatma , Aslan Halil , Solmaz Abdullah 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjective Brucellosis is the most common zoonotic disease. Isolation of Brucella melitensis in blood culture is accepted as the gold standard for diagnosis. This study aims to determine the predictive factors of B. melitensis bacteremia in pediatric patients followed up with brucellosis.Methods Two-hundred twenty pediatric brucellosis patients were included in the study. The epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory data were recorded.Results The patients comprised 63.2% males and 36.8% females with a mean age of 10.45 ±  4.36 years (range, 1–18 years), and 70.5% were younger than 14 years old. B. melitensis was isolated in the blood culture in 33.6% of patients. In the epidemiological history of pediatric patients with bacteremic brucellosis, there was a history of dealing with, owning, or working with livestock. In patients with brucellosis, fever and weight loss, hepatomegaly, and arthritis were more common in patients with bacteremia than in those without bacteremia. Among laboratory findings, leukopenia, low albumin value, and high C-reactive protein were calculated as predictors of Brucella bacteremia in patients with brucellosis.Conclusion In regions where brucellosis is endemic, serum agglutination tests may be positive without clinical findings. Brucellosis can mimic many other diseases, so the definitive diagnosis is demonstrated by bacteremia. Blood cultures should be taken in patients with predictive factors suggestive of brucellosis.
Burden and Patterns of Medical Emergencies during Ramadan Fasting: A Narrative Review
Authors: Beshyah Anas S. , Elamouri Jamila S. , Almagdub Ihab , Abdulrahman Husen , Hafidh Khadija , Beshyah Salem A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction Acute medical problems may occur more frequently during Ramadan fasting (RF). We aimed to provide a narrative overview of the global literature on medical emergencies during RF.
Methods This is a nonsystematic review of the international literature from one major medical online database (PubMed, National Institutes of Health, United States). The relevant literature was narrated in a concise thematic account.
Results There is a variable impact in the burden and time distribution of emergency services and hospitalization during RF that may require readjustment of resource allocation. Studies of the risk of accidents and injuries may be increased overall or at specified times, around Iftar time. A classical impact of emergencies has been the risk of worsening peptic ulcer disease. RF impacts diabetic emergencies such as severe hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, and diabetic ketoacidosis, particularly in type 1 diabetes and poorly controlled patients. Glucocorticoid replacement therapy may represent a challenge to patients and physicians that require education and dose adjustment. Acute neurological conditions of interest include the “first day of Ramadan headache,” epilepsy, and strokes. Several studies evaluated the risk of the acute coronary syndrome and heart failure with inconsistent findings. RF may impact the renal and urological systems through stone disease, renal colic, and acute kidney. The impact on hematological conditions was mostly focused on the safety of anticoagulant therapy during Ramadan.
Conclusion The review addresses the emergency medical encounters of the fasting patient during Ramadan to allow a holistic and ethnically sensitive approach to medical care under circumstances where decisions have to be taken with no delay.
Flow-through charge detection mass spectrometry to categorize micron-sized particles
Authors: Allred Parker , Christie Eric , Song Yixin , Austin Daniel E. , Chiang Shiuh-hua Wood , Hawkins Aaron R. 
Published: March 2023

This paper outlines the use of charge detection mass spectrometry to simultaneously measure the charge and mass of micron-sized particles. In a flow-through instrument, the detection of charge was achieved through charge induction onto cylindrical electrodes that connect to a differential amplifier. Mass was determined by particle acceleration under the influence of an electric field. Particles ranging from 30 to 400 fg (3 to 7 µm diameter) were tested. The detector design can measure particle mass within 10% accuracy for particles up to 620 fg with total charge ranging from 500e− to 56 ke−. This charge and mass range are expected to be relevant for dust on Mars.