bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A COVID-19 Testing Preference Study in Schools
Authors: Schuster Jennifer E. , Potts Jessie , Selvarangan Rangaraj , Mast Dana Keener , Goldman Jennifer L. ,   for the School TLC Study Group
Published: July 2023

OBJECTIVES
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention identifies in-school COVID-19 testing as a key mitigation strategy to protect students and staff during the COVID-19 pandemic. Both nasal and saliva samples are acceptable, but existing school guidance does not state a preferred test method.

METHODS
From May 2021 through July 2021, we performed a randomized, crossover study in kindergarten through 12th grade (K-12) schools to evaluate student and staff preference for self-collected nasal or saliva testing. Participants performed both collection types and participated in a standardized questionnaire assessing the preferred method.

RESULTS
A total of 135 students and staff participated. Staff, middle school, and high school students preferred the nasal swab (80/96, 83%), whereas elementary students were mixed (20/39, 51% preferred saliva). Reasons reported for preferring the nasal swab included being faster and easier. Reasons reported for preferring saliva included being easier and more fun. Despite their preference, 126 (93%) and 109 (81%) participants would take the nasal swab or saliva test again, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
The anterior nasal test was the preferred testing method by students and staff, although preference varied by age group. Willingness to perform both tests again in the future was high. Identifying the preferred testing modality is important to increase acceptance and participation in COVID-19 in-school testing programs.
Utilization and Impact of Symptomatic and Exposure SARS-CoV-2 Testing in K-12 Schools
Authors: Schuster Jennifer E. , Erickson Tyler R. , Goldman Jennifer L. , Benjamin Daniel K. , Brookhart M. Alan , Dewhurst Stephen , Fist Alex , Foxe John , Godambe Maya , Gwynn Lisa , Kiene Susan M. , Keener Mast Dana , McDaniels-Davidson Corinne , Newland Jason G. , Oren Eyal , Selvarangan Rangaraj , Shinde Nidhi , Walsh Tyler , Watterson Treymayne , Zand Martin , Zimmerman Kanecia O. , Kalu Ibukunoluwa C. 
Published: July 2023

OBJECTIVES
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend that schools can offer severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) diagnostic (on-demand) testing for students and staff with coronavirus disease 2019 symptoms or exposures. Data related to the uptake, implementation, and effect of school-associated on-demand diagnostic testing have not been described.

METHODS
The Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics Underserved Populations Return to School program provided resources to researchers to implement on-demand SARS-CoV-2 testing in schools. This study describes the strategies used and uptake among the different testing programs. Risk of positivity was compared for symptomatic and exposure testing during the δ and ο variant periods. We estimated the number of school absence days saved with school-based diagnostic testing.

RESULTS
Of the 16 eligible programs, 7 provided school-based on-demand testing. The number of persons that participated in these testing programs is 8281, with 4134 (49.9%) receiving &gt;1 test during the school year. Risk of positivity was higher for symptomatic testing compared with exposure testing and higher during the ο variant predominant period compared with the δ variant predominant period. Overall, access to testing saved an estimated 13 806 absent school days.

CONCLUSIONS
School-based on-demand SARS-CoV-2 testing was used throughout the school year, and nearly half the participants accessed testing on more than 1 occasion. Future studies should work to understand participant preferences around school-based testing and how these strategies can be used both during and outside of pandemics.
ANXIETY AMONG SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN IN WAR-AFFECTED AREAS IN UKRAINE AND WAYS TO REDUCE IT: PARENTS’ VIEWS
Authors: Malykhin Oleksandr , Kaupuzs Aivars , Aristova Nataliia , Orska Rita , Kalvans Eriks 
Published: July 2023

The Ukrainian-Latvian team of researchers are dedicated to commit their research to finding out parents’ views on whether school-age children experience anxiety in war-affected areas in Ukraine and ways to reduce it. The research also enables to identify the most common signs of anxiety. The data collection instrument includes a web-based questionnaire developed by researchers from Ukraine using Google Forms. All researchers are involved in sharing the developed web-based questionnaire via social media networks. The research sample includes 1346 parents of school-age children from all the parts of Ukraine, namely, Central, Eastern, Western, Northern, Southern Ukraine and Kyiv. Research findings demonstrate the urgent need to implement targeted psychological and pedagogical influences (the use of technologies, methods and techniques aimed at reducing the level of anxiety in school-aged children) in the educational process of general secondary schools, regardless of whether this process is carried out face-to-face, remotely or in a blended learning format. The conducted research makes it possible to substantiate the necessity of creating a web-based support system for educators to reduce anxiety among school-age children. The current research is carried out within the project “Web-based Support System for Educators to Reduce Children’s Anxiety in War-affected Areas” (Registration No GPK-07/2022).
DEVELOPING A CULTURE OF MINDFUL LEARNING: CHALLENGES, BENEFITS, AND OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Ročāne Maija , Samuseviča Alīda 
Published: July 2023

Learning is an individual process for each student. People can be aware of own learning or do not think about it at all in the diverse situations of life. However, in the pedagogical reality, the awareness of students' learning is essential as it contributes to self-regulation of behaviour and self-reflection of actions, striving towards continuous self-development. It is important to be aware of oneself mentally and physically, understanding and accepting own thoughts or feelings. The integration of all areas of personal development becomes relevant, as changes in one area are linked to changes in another. Awareness of own learning directs the learner towards the social, emotional and academic dimension, including not only awareness of the knowledge and acquired skills, but awareness of own goals, motivations, emotions, interests, the personal relevance of the learning content and also the variability of the current situation, strategies for future learning, and other elements of the learning process. Mindfulness can also be seen as a powerful 'antidote' to common mental health problems, e.g. fatigue, exhaustion, apathy, anxiety and difficulty in concentrating. Mindfulness practices can be implemented at schools as an element of the lesson, but it is also important to purposefully create a culture of mindfulness at the institutional level, which can be greatly facilitated by the professional development of teachers. Mindfulness is a mental state of being reflective in the present moment. It provides the ability to live intensely in the present moment, acceptance of own thoughts and feelings, a sense of perspective and the ability to cope with stressful situations through conscious concentration. The aim of this publication is to analyze the theoretical aspects of mindfulness, the possibilities of facilitating the learning process through mindfulness practices, as well as to carry out empirical research evaluating 16-19-year-old students` self-awareness skills, the phenomenon of the presence of mindfulness in their learning process and its impact on their learning outcomes.
Fractal Slope-Based Seismic Wave Detection Method
Authors: Yang Changwei , Zhang Kaiwen , Wu Dongsheng , Zhang Zhifang , Su Ke , Qu Liming , Zhang Liang 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Automatic P-wave arrival detection is the first task in an earthquake early warning systems. This study proposes a novel detection method for this based on a fractal slope (FS). We improved the calculation method of the fractal dimension to increase the calculation speed and proposed a continuous algorithm. Furthermore, we applied FS in conjunction with the short-term average over the long-term average (STA/LTA), named STA/LTA + FS. We designed orthogonal experiments with different parameters and selected a total of 40,020 sets of seismic waves from the Japanese dataset to test the best parameters. A total of 45,302 sets of seismic waves from the STanford EArthquake dataset and the Chinese dataset were selected to test the generality of the proposed method. The results show that the mean error in detection time of the proposed method is +0.042 s for different datasets. In addition, STA/LTA + FS is robust over a wide range of signal-to-noise ratio, epicentral distance, and magnitude, with the percentage of timing errors below 0.5 s higher than 95%.
Geologic and Geophysical Evidence of Repeated Normal Faulting on the Itozawa Fault—the Source of the Mw 6.6 Iwaki Earthquake Triggered by the Mw 9.0 Tohoku-Oki Megathrust Earthquake, Northeast Japan
Authors: Kimura Haruo , Tsutsumi Hiroyuki 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
The 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake ruptured the 500 km long and 200 km wide convergent plate margin between the North American and Pacific plates, and changed the crustal stress field and triggered widespread seismic activity in northeast Japan. In particular, many crustal earthquakes struck the southern Fukushima area. The largest inland normal-faulting earthquake with Mw 6.6 occurred on the northwest-trending Yunodake fault and the north-northwest-trending Itozawa fault on 11 April 2011. The coseismic surface ruptures appeared along the previously identified active and presumed active faults. To investigate the near-surface structure of the Itozawa fault, we conducted ground-penetrating radar (GPR) profiling across the fault, and two drilling surveys on its hanging-wall and footwall blocks. The GPR survey line about 50 m long was located near the previous trenching site. The GPR two-way travel-time sections were collected by common-offset modes by 50 and 100 MHz GPR systems. We acquired common midpoint ensembles on both sides of the surface rupture for depth conversion of the time sections. The resulting GPR sections show detailed subsurface structures to a depth of about 7 m. We identified event horizons for the 2011, penultimate, antepenultimate, and preantepenultimate earthquakes, indicating that the Itozawa fault has ruptured repeatedly as a normal fault. The vertical displacements during these earthquake events, obtained from the GPR sections, were about 0.8, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.7 m, respectively. These observations suggest that the coseismic surface offset amount on the Itozawa fault varies greatly. The recurrence intervals of surface-rupturing earthquakes on the Itozawa fault, calculated from the previous research and this study, are much longer than those of giant interplate earthquakes along the Japan trench, such as the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake. We conclude that not every giant earthquake along the Japan trench triggers a rupture of the Itozawa fault.
Earthquake Scenarios for Quito, Ecuador; Cali, Colombia; and Santiago De Los Caballeros, Dominican Republic
Authors: Chase Robert E. , Jaiswal Kishor S. , Calderon Alejandro , Yepes Hugo , Goddard Loren , Yepes-Estrada Catalina 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Earthquake risk associated with Quito, Ecuador; Cali, Colombia; and Santiago de los Caballeros, Dominican Republic is examined by generating a set of hypothetical earthquake scenarios considering seismic sources, recent seismicity, and major historical earthquakes recorded in the vicinity. In this study, particular focus is given to the development of earthquake scenarios for use in emergency planning in each city as well as stimulating discussion with respect to addressing the gaps in current understanding of built stock inventory and their vulnerability when subjected to strong shaking. Exposure and vulnerability models from the Global Earthquake Model foundation, hazard and local site information available for the cities, and the U.S. Geological Survey near-real-time products are utilized to estimate potential consequences for postearthquake response planning. Results showed that the historic city centers remain the most susceptible to experiencing severe damage resulting in widespread casualties. Similarly, the scenarios highlight areas susceptible to shaking induced ground failure hazards, which may pose additional challenges when responding to such earthquakes. Moderate earthquakes originating from nearby seismic sources, for example, Quito fault system for Quito or the Septentrional fault zone in the case of Santiago de Los Caballeros, could potentially be of greater consequence in terms of direct economic impact and disruption to the city when compared to very large distant subduction interface earthquakes.
PENGARUH PEMASANGAN SHOCK ABSORBER MULTI STAGE UNTUK MENGURANGI SUDUT PITCHING, DAMPER RATIO DAN EFISIENSI PENGEREMAN PADA SEPEDA MOTOR CB150R
Authors: Ismail A Effendy , Sumarli Sumarli , Harly Muhammad 
Published: July 2023

Kenyamanan dan keselamatan berkendara menjadi faktor utama disamping kinerja dari mesin kendaraan itu sendiri, salah satunya dipangaruhi oleh sistem suspensi yang berfungsi untuk menyerap getaran dari permukaan jalan. Penelitian ini bertujuan guna mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan shock absorber multi stage dengan empat tingkat kekakuan untuk mengurangi sudut pitching, damper ratio dan efisiensi pengereman pada sepeda motor Honda CB150R. Metode pengujian sudut pitching yaitu dengan menggunakan sensor inclinometer yang terdapat pada aplikasi DashCommand (OBD ELM App) dengan melewati speed bump pada variasi kecepatan. Metode pengujian damper ratio yaitu dengan cara keadaan statis sepeda motor diberikan beban kejut pada shock absorber belakang dan dihitung waktu dan jarak lendutannya. Metode pengujian efisiensi pengereman dilakukan dengan melakukan pengereman penuh pada variasi kecepatan kemudian dihitung waktu pengereman hingga berhenti. Hasil pada penelitian ini memaparkan bahwa adanya pengaruh yang signifikan pada penggunaan shock absorber multi stage dan shock absorber standar terhadap sudut pitching dimana terjadi penurunan sebesar 15 persen pada shock absorber stage ke-1 yaitu 12˚ pada kecepatan 60 km/j. Perbedaan yang signifikan juga dihasilkan pada pengujian damper ratio yaitu terjadi penurunan maksimal pada shock absorber stage ke-1 sebesar 0,61 Ns/cm dengan beban 50 kg. Pada hasil pengujian efisiensi pengereman tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan pada penggunaan shock absorber multi stage pada stage 1,2,3,4 dan shock absorber standar masing-masing menghasilkan efisiensi pengereman sebesar 61 persen, 60 persen, 54 persen, 53 persen dan 51 persen pada kecepatan 20 km/j.
MESTERSÉGES INTELLIGENCIA PEDAGÓGIAI HASZNÁLATÁRA VONATKOZÓ HAJLANDÓSÁG VIZSGÁLATA GYÓGYPEDAGÓGUS HALLGATÓK KÖRÉBEN
Authors: Demeter Zsuzsa , Mező Katalin 
Published: July 2023

Cél: a mesterséges intelligencia alapú rendszerek, eszközök, szolgáltatások begyűrűztek az élet minden területére, így megjelentek az oktatásban is. Jelen tanulmány célja a leendő gyógypedagógusok véleményeinek megismerése a mesterséges intelligencia (röviden MI) pedagógiai célú használatával kapcsolatban. Módszer: A tanulmányban bemutatásra kerülő vizsgálatban n= 157 gyógypedagógia szakos hallgató véleményének elemzésére került sor, kérdőíves kutatás segítségével. Az eredményeket matematikai statisztikai elemzéssel, az SPSS szoftver segítségével értékeltük ki. A programon belül kereszttáblás elemzést, χ2-tesztet és gyakoriságszámítást alkalmaztunk. Eredmények: a leendő gyógypedagógusok csak nagyon kis százaléka (18,5%) találkozott az eddigi tanulmányai alatt MI eszközökkel és alkalmazásokkal. Az MI eszközök alkalmazását inkább a tanórai tevékenységeken kívül tartják elképzelhetőnek. Az MI használatára való hajlandóság tekintetében nincs szignifikáns különbség az életkor viszonylatában, a 24 év alattiak 59,7%-a , a 24 év felettiek 65 % véli úgy, hogy az MI eszközök szükségesek a gyógypedagógiában, ugyanakkor az MI alkalmazások, eszközök és lehetőségek tekintetében a leendő gyógypedagógusok tudása nagyon bizonytalan és kevés, ezért szükség lenne a mesterséges intelligenciával kapcsolatos edukáció széles körű elterjesztésére.
Comparison of Landmark Versus ECG-Guided Technique for Correct Insertion of Central Venous Catheter in Paediatric Patients Undergoing Cardiothoracic Surgery
Authors: Garg Monika , Meena Reema , Joshi Adhokshaj , Saiyed Anjum , Garg Arun 
Published: July 2023

Background: Central venous catheters are inserted in internal jugular vein during cardiac surgeries in all patients. However, the length of the catheter should be correctly estimated and the tip of the CVC should be correctly placed to avoid various complications.
The primary objective of this study is to compare anatomical landmark technique versus using ECG-guided technique for the correct insertion length of the Central Venous Catheter.
Methods: Prospective, randomized, interventional study was conducted on 72 patients of <12 years age. Patients were randomly allotted to two groups of 36 patients each (landmark and ECG). After induction, CVC cannulation was performed using either of the techniques in right IJV in all patients. Correct position of CVC was checked by obtaining post operative chest X rays in all patients. CVC tip position within 0.5cm above/below or at carina was considered as correct position. Using student t-tests and Chi square-tests analyses were performed.
Results: In landmark group, CVC was positioned correctly in 22(61.11%) out of 36 patients as compared to 33 (91.67%) in the ECG group, (P = 0.006). The mean depth of CVC insertion was 9.05±1.66 and 8.26±1.41 in the landmark and ECG group respectively (P= 0.032). The landmark group had 12 (33.33%) patients with complications during the procedure, as compared to 3(8.33%) in the ECG-guided group, (P = 0.020).
Conclusion: ECG-guided CVC insertion, a simple bedside technique was found more accurate with lesser complications for CVC tip placement than the landmark technique. ECG-guided CVC placement is therefore relatively more accurate, efficient, and safe.
Uso de gliricídia (Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud) em sistema alley cropping na produção de macaxeira (Manihot esculenta Crantz)
Authors: Pimentel Neisiany Rebelo , Pauletto Daniela , Duarte Hellem Marinês Andrade , Silva Adrielle Fernandes da , Araújo Anselmo Junior Correa 
Published: July 2023

Objetivou-se verificar a influência do uso da gliricídia (Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud) em sistema alley cropping na produção de macaxeira (Manihot esculenta Crantz) em unidade experimental em Santarém, Pará. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com 2 tratamentos, distribuídos em 4 repetições. Após 8 meses de plantio, foi realizada a colheita da macaxeira, quantificando-se o número de plantas vivas, o número de raízes por planta e o peso de raízes por parcela. Os resultados denotam que a produtividade de macaxeira com gliricídia foi de 2,3 t/ha, enquanto na testemunha foi de 1,2 t/ha, nas condições expostas neste experimento. A produção de raízes apresentou o melhor resultado da cultura da macaxeira sob a adubação verde com gliricídia, mesmo não apresentando diferença estatística entre tratamentos. Portanto, visando maior abrangência dos dados, sugere-se o redimensionamento da amostragem para as futuras avaliações.
Levels of Awareness of Procedural Sedation and Analgesia among Non-anaesthesiologists at an Academic Hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa
Authors: Ben-Israel Karin-Ann , Scribante Juan , Perrie Helen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background: Procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA) is performed by a group of non-anaesthesiologists in numerous hospital settings. Currently, there is no literature describing sedation practices among non-anaesthesiologists in South Africa despite its wide use.

Aim: To describe the profile of non-anaesthesiologist PSA providers at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital (CHBAH), their awareness of the South African Society of Anaesthesiologists (SASA) Sedation Guidelines 2010 and their level of comfort when performing PSA.

Methods: A questionnaire was used to assess the demographic profile of non-anaesthesiologists providing sedation at an academic hospital in Johannesburg, their awareness of the SASA Sedation Guidelines 2010 and their level of comfort when performing sedation were assessed.

Results: A total of 159 questionnaires were received from the departments of general surgery and trauma, radiology, emergency medicine, orthopaedics and internal medicine. The overall levels of awareness of sedation guidelines among non-anaesthesiologists are poor. The mean score (standard deviation) for correctly answered questions was 19.55 (4.75) of 31 questions. Junior doctors scored higher than consultants (p = 0.008) but were more likely to feel uncomfortable administering sedation (p = 0.031). A significant relationship between pharmacology knowledge and levels of comfort was also revealed (p = 0.014). Levels of comfort were higher among consultants despite achieving lower knowledge scores.

Conclusion: The levels of awareness of PSA among non-anaesthesiologists are lacking. While guideline knowledge was substantially better than pharmacology knowledge, an opportunity to address these deficiencies exists in the form of PSA specific training.
Porphyric neuropathy in black South Africans: a case series
Authors: Koufos A. , Modi G. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPorphyria is a rare disorder that results from mutations in the genes important in haem biosynthesis. Several types are described. Acute attacks lead to central, autonomic and peripheral nervous system manifestations. These acute attacks typically occur in acute intermittent porphyria, and less so in variegate porphyria.The neuropathy in this condition can mimic Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), and is often misdiagnosed and incorrectly treated. It is rare in general, but considered to be extremely uncommon in the black African population.We describe five black South African patients, three of whom were diagnosed with variegate porphyria, with the presenting manifestation of a severe neuropathy. The neuropathy was atypical in nature and variable in presentation and highlight the importance of considering porphyria in such patients.