bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Sodium Alginate‐Based Multifunctional Nanoplatform for Synergistic Chemo‐Immunotherapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Huang Cong , Xie Ting , Liu Yufeng , Yan Shuang , OuYang Feijun , Zhang Haitao , Lei Longtianyang , He Dongxiu , Wei Hua , Yu Cui‐Yun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEfficient hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment remains a significant challenge due to the inherent limitations of traditional strategies. The exploration of polysaccharides’ natural immunity for HCC immunotherapy is rarely explored. For this purpose, facile construction of a multifunctional nanoplatform, biotinylated aldehyde alginate‐doxorubicin nano micelle (BEACNDOXM) is reported in this study for synergistic chemo‐immunotherapy by using constant β‐D‐mannuronic acid (M) units and modulated α‐L‐guluronic acid (G) units in the alginate (ALG) structure. The M units show natural immunity and specific binding ability with mannose receptors (MRs) via strong receptor‐ligand interactions, and the G units serve as highly reactive conjugation sites for biotin (Bio) and DOX. Therefore, this formulation not only integrates the natural immunity of ALG and the immunogenic cell death (ICD) triggering function of DOX, but also shows dual targeting properties to HCC cells via MRs and Bio receptors (BRs)‐mediated endocytosis. Notably, BEACNDOXM mediates a tumor inhibitory efficiency 12.10% and 4.70% higher than free DOX and single targeting aldehyde alginate‐doxorubicin nano micelle controls, respectively, at an equivalent DOX dose of 3 mg kg−1 in Hepa1‐6 tumor‐bearing mice. This study reports the first example of integrating the natural immunity of ALG and the ICD effect of anticancer drugs for enhanced chemo‐immunotherapy of HCC.
Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed [4+1] Oxidative Annulation of Amides with 1,3‐enynes Through 1,4‐Rhodium Migration
Authors: Raji Reddy Chada , Subbarao Muppidi , Rathaur Anjali , Srinivasu Ejjirotu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRh(III)‐catalyzed cascade oxidative C−H functionalization/aza‐annulation of indole and pyrrole‐N‐carboxamides with 1,3‐enynes involving 1,4‐rhodium migration is disclosed. This [4+1] annulation protocol provides an approach for the synthesis of imidazo[1,5‐a]indol‐3(2H)‐ones from easily accessible substrates. Moreover, sulfonamides are also found to be well compatible in this method, leading to the corresponding benzo[d]sultams. The efficacy of this protocol is highlighted by handy downstream conversions of the dienyl‐sultam.
Sequence Variation of Candida albicans Sap2 Enhances Fungal Pathogenicity via Complement Evasion and Macrophage M2‐Like Phenotype Induction
Authors: Lin Lan , Wang Moran , Zeng Jingsi , Mao Yehong , Qin Renjie , Deng Jun , Ouyang Xiaohu , Hou Xiaoshuang , Sun Chunyan , Wang Yadan , Cai Yaohua , Li Mingyue , Tian Chunxia , Zhou Xi , Zhang Min , Fan Heng , Mei Heng , Sarapultsev Alexey , Wang Huafang , Zhang Gensheng , Zipfel Peter F. , Hu Yu , Hu Desheng , Luo Shanshan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCandida albicans (C. albicans) is an opportunistic pathogen increasingly causing candidiasis worldwide. This study aims to investigate the pattern of systemic immune responses triggered by C. albicans with disease associated variation of Sap2, identifying the novel evasion strategies utilized by clinical isolates. Specifically, a variation in clinical isolates is identified at nucleotide position 817 (G to T). This homozygous variation causes the 273rd amino acid exchange from valine to leucine, close to the proteolytic activation center of Sap2. The mutant (Sap2‐273L) generated from SC5314 (Sap2‐273V) background carrying the V273L variation within Sap2 displays higher pathogenicity. In comparison to mice infected with Sap2‐273V strain, mice infected with Sap2‐273L exhibit less complement activation indicated by less serum C3a generation and weaker C3b deposition in the kidney. This inhibitory effect is mainly achieved by Sap2273L‐mediated stronger degradation of C3 and C3b. Furthermore, mice infected with Sap2‐273L strain exhibit more macrophage phenotype switching from M0 to M2‐like and more TGF‐β release which further influences T cell responses, generating an immunosuppressed cellular microenvironment characterized by more Tregs and exhausted T cell formation. In summary, the disease‐associated sequence variation of Sap2 enhances pathogenicity by complement evasion and M2‐like phenotype switching, promoting a more efficient immunosuppressed microenvironment.
Reversible Parahydrogen Induced Hyperpolarization of 15N in Unmodified Amino Acids Unraveled at High Magnetic Field
Authors: Vaneeckhaute Ewoud , Tyburn Jean‐Max , Kempf James G. , Martens Johan A. , Breynaert Eric 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAmino acids (AAs) and ammonia are metabolic markers essential for nitrogen metabolism and cell regulation in both plants and humans. NMR provides interesting opportunities to investigate these metabolic pathways, yet lacks sensitivity, especially in case of 15N. In this study, spin order embedded in p‐H2 is used to produce on‐demand reversible hyperpolarization in 15N of pristine alanine and ammonia under ambient protic conditions directly in the NMR spectrometer. This is made possible by designing a mixed‐ligand Ir‐catalyst, selectively ligating the amino group of AA by exploiting ammonia as a strongly competitive co‐ligand and preventing deactivation of Ir by bidentate ligation of AA. The stereoisomerism of the catalyst complexes is determined by hydride fingerprinting using 1H/D scrambling of the associated N‐functional groups on the catalyst (i.e., isotopological fingerprinting), and unravelled by 2D‐ZQ‐NMR. Monitoring the transfer of spin order from p‐H2 to 15N nuclei of ligated and free alanine and ammonia targets using SABRE‐INEPT with variable exchange delays pinpoints the monodentate elucidated catalyst complexes to be most SABRE active. Also RF‐spin locking (SABRE‐SLIC) enables transfer of hyperpolarization to 15N. The presented high‐field approach can be a valuable alternative to SABRE‐SHEATH techniques since the obtained catalytic insights (stereochemistry and kinetics) will remain valid at ultra‐low magnetic fields.
YBX1‐Mediated DNA Methylation‐Dependent SHANK3 Expression in PBMCs and Developing Cortical Interneurons in Schizophrenia
Authors: Ni Peiyan , Zhou Chuqing , Liang Sugai , Jiang Youhui , Liu Dongxin , Shao Zhicheng , Noh Haneul , Zhao Liansheng , Tian Yang , Zhang Chengcheng , Wei Jinxue , Li Xiaojing , Yu Hua , Ni Rongjun , Yu Xueli , Qi Xueyu , Zhang Yamin , Ma Xiaohong , Deng Wei , Guo Wanjun , Wang Qiang , Sham Pak C. , Chung Sangmi , Li Tao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSchizophrenia (SCZ) is a severe psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorder. The pathological process of SCZ starts early during development, way before the first onset of psychotic symptoms. DNA methylation plays an important role in regulating gene expression and dysregulated DNA methylation is involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases. The methylated DNA immunoprecipitation‐chip (MeDIP‐chip) is performed to investigate genome‐wide DNA methylation dysregulation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with first‐episode SCZ (FES). Results show that the SHANK3 promoter is hypermethylated, and this hypermethylation (HyperM) is negatively correlated with the cortical surface area in the left inferior temporal cortex and positively correlated with the negative symptom subscores in FES. The transcription factor YBX1 is further found to bind to the HyperM region of SHANK3 promoter in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)‐derived cortical interneurons (cINs) but not glutamatergic neurons. Furthermore, a direct and positive regulatory effect of YBX1 on the expression of SHANK3 is confirmed in cINs using shRNAs. In summary, the dysregulated SHANK3 expression in cINs suggests the potential role of DNA methylation in the neuropathological mechanism underlying SCZ. The results also suggest that HyperM of SHANK3 in PBMCs can serve as a potential peripheral biomarker of SCZ.
Advanced Materials Design for Adsorption of Toxic Substances in Cigarette Smoke
Authors: Zeng Ting , Liu Yanxia , Jiang Yingfang , Zhang Lan , Zhang Yagang , Zhao Lin , Jiang Xiaoli , Zhang Qiang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCigarettes, despite being economically important legal consumer products, are highly addictive and harmful, particularly to the respiratory system. Tobacco smoke is a complex mixture containing over 7000 chemical compounds, 86 of which are identified to have “sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity” in either animal or human tests. Thus, tobacco smoke poses a significant health risk to humans. This article focuses on materials that help reduce the levels of major carcinogens in cigarette smoke; these include nicotine, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, tobacco‐specific nitrosamines, hydrogen cyanide, carbon monoxide, and formaldehyde. Specifically, the research progress on adsorption effects and mechanisms of advanced materials such as cellulose, zeolite, activated carbon, graphene, and molecularly imprinted polymers are highlighted. The future trends and prospects in this field are also discussed. Notably, with advancements in supramolecular chemistry and materials engineering, the design of functionally oriented materials has become increasingly multidisciplinary. Certainly, several advanced materials can play a critical role in reducing the harmful effects of cigarette smoke. This review aims to serve as an insightful reference for the design of hybrid and functionally oriented advanced materials.
Systemic mastocytosis in adults: 2023 update on diagnosis, risk stratification and management
Authors: Pardanani Animesh 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOverviewSystemic mastocytosis (SM) results from clonal proliferation of mast cells (MC) in extracutaneous organs.DiagnosisThe major criterion is presence of multifocal MC clusters in the bone marrow and/or extracutaneous organs. Minor diagnostic criteria include elevated serum tryptase level, MC CD25/CD2/CD30 expression, and presence of activating KIT mutations.Risk StratificationEstablishing SM subtype as per the International Consensus Classification/World Health Organization classification systems is an important first step. Patients either have indolent/smoldering SM (ISM/SSM) or advanced SM, including aggressive SM (ASM), SM with associated myeloid neoplasm (SM‐AMN), and mast cell leukemia. Identification of poor‐risk mutations (i.e., ASXL1, RUNX1, SRSF2, NRAS) further refines the risk stratification. Several risk models are available to help assign prognosis in SM patients.ManagementTreatment goals for ISM patients are primarily directed toward anaphylaxis prevention/symptom control/osteoporosis treatment. Patients with advanced SM frequently need MC cytoreductive therapy to reverse disease‐related organ dysfunction. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) (midostaurin, avapritinib) have changed the treatment landscape in SM. While deep biochemical, histological and molecular responses have been documented with avapritinib treatment, its efficacy as monotherapy against a multimutated AMN disease component in SM‐AMN patients remains unclear. Cladribine continues to have a role for MC debulking, whereas interferon‐α has a diminishing role in the TKI era. Treatment of SM‐AMN primarily targets the AMN component, particularly if an aggressive disease such as acute leukemia is present. Allogeneic stem cell transplant has a role in such patients. Imatinib has a therapeutic role only in the rare patient with an imatinib‐sensitive KIT mutation.
Cutaneous B‐cell lymphomas: 2023 update on diagnosis, risk‐stratification, and management
Authors: Hristov Alexandra C. , Tejasvi Trilokraj , Wilcox Ryan A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDisease OverviewApproximately one‐fourth of primary cutaneous lymphomas are B‐cell derived and are generally classified into three distinct subgroups: primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma (PCFCL), primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma (PCMZL), and primary cutaneous diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma, leg type (PCDLBCL, LT).DiagnosisDiagnosis and disease classification is based on histopathologic review and immunohistochemical staining of an appropriate skin biopsy. Pathologic review and an appropriate staging evaluation are necessary to distinguish primary cutaneous B‐cell lymphomas from systemic B‐cell lymphomas with secondary skin involvement.Risk‐StratificationDisease histopathology remains the most important prognostic determinant in primary cutaneous B‐cell lymphomas. Both PCFCL and PCMZL are indolent lymphomas that infrequently disseminate to extracutaneous sites and are associated with 5‐year survival rates that exceed 95%. In contrast, PCDLBCL, LT is an aggressive lymphoma with an inferior prognosis.Risk‐Adapted TherapyPCFCL and PCMZL patients with solitary or relatively few skin lesions may be effectively managed with local radiation therapy. While single‐agent rituximab may be employed for patients with more widespread skin involvement, multiagent chemotherapy is rarely appropriate. In contrast, management of patients with PCDLBCL, LT is comparable to the management of patients with systemic DLBCL.
Distribution of cardiorespiratory fitness in children and adolescents at different latitudes
Authors: Yang Xiaofang , Yin Xiaojian , Huang Wenying , Duan Zhongyang , Wu Huipan , Li Yuqiang , Li Ming , Zhang Ting , Zhou Caiyou , Xu Haihong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the differences and characteristics of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) among children and adolescents in regions with different latitudes in China.MethodsA total of 9892 children and adolescents aged 7–22 years were selected from seven administrative regions in China by the stratified cluster random sampling method. CRF was measured by performance on the 20 m shuttle run test (20mSRT) and estimated maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). One‐way ANOVA, one‐way ANCOVA, and the Lambda Mu and Sigma methods were used to analyze the data.ResultsOverall, the VO2max of children and adolescents at high latitudes was significantly lower than that of children at low and middle latitudes. The P10, P50, and P90 20mSRT values for children and adolescents of most age groups in high latitudes were less than those in low and middle latitudes. The 20mSRT‐Z and VO2max‐Z scores among children and adolescents aged 7–22 in high latitudes were lower than those in middle and low latitudes after adjusting for age, per capita gross domestic product (GDP), and per capita disposable income.ConclusionIn general, the CRF of children and adolescents at high latitudes was less than that at low and middle latitudes. Effective measures should be taken to improve CRF in children and adolescents at high latitudes.
The news about rollover protective structures: Findings from an analysis of news from Iowa, Nebraska, Kansas, and Missouri
Authors: Perez‐Sanz Sarah B. , Garcia Kim , Mejia Pamela , Dorfman Lori , Echard Jessica , Sorensen Julie A. , Milkovich Pamela J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionRollover protective structures (ROPS) can prevent fatal tractor overturns, a leading cause of death among farmers. This content analysis aims to understand how this life‐saving strategy appears in news about farm safety.MethodsAs part of a larger study of farm safety news coverage from four agricultural states, we conducted a content analysis of articles that mentioned ROPS.ResultsFew (10%) articles about farm safety explicitly mentioned ROPS. When ROPS were mentioned, they were described in terms of their potential to save lives or prevent injury.ConclusionDespite proven success, ROPS—and programs to make ROPS more widely available to farmers—are all but absent from news coverage in key agricultural states. This represents a missed opportunity not only to motivate farmers to install ROPS, but also to demonstrate to policymakers the importance of establishing and maintaining funding to prevent the most frequent cause of death on farms. Farmers face barriers to installing life‐saving equipment. Without an increase in ROPS utilization and improved access to prevention programs, farmers, especially low‐income farmers, will remain at disproportionate risk for death and injury.
Rod‐cone dystrophy in an adult with GNB1‐related disorder: An expansion of the phenotype and natural history
Authors: Yang Xiao‐Ru , Kassam Faazil , Innes A. Micheil 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGNB1‐related disorder is characterized by intellectual disability, abnormal tone, and other variable neurologic and systemic features. GNB1 encodes the β1 subunit of the heterotrimeric G‐protein, a complex with a key role in signal transduction. Consistent with its particularly high expression in rod photoreceptors, Gβ1 forms a subunit of retinal transducin (Gαtβ1γ1), which mediates phototransduction. In mice, GNB1 haploinsufficiency has been associated with retinal dystrophy. In humans, however, although vision and eye movement abnormalities are common in individuals with GNB1‐related disorder, rod‐cone dystrophy is not yet an established feature of this condition. We expand the phenotype of GNB1‐related disorder with the first confirmed report of rod‐cone dystrophy in an affected individual, and contribute to a further understanding of the natural history of this condition in a mildly affected 45‐year‐old adult.
Maternal adverse childhood experiences, child mental health, and the mediating effect of maternal depression: A cross‐sectional, population‐based study in rural, southwestern Uganda
Authors: Kim Andrew Wooyoung , Rieder Amber D. , Cooper‐Vince Christine E. , Kakuhikire Bernard , Baguma Charles , Satinsky Emily N. , Perkins Jessica M. , Kiconco Allen , Namara Elizabeth B. , Rasmussen Justin D. , Ashaba Scholastic , Bangsberg David R. , Tsai Alexander C. , Puffer Eve S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to examine the intergenerational effects of maternal adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and child mental health outcomes in rural Uganda, as well as the potentially mediating role of maternal depression in this pathway. Additionally, we sought to test the extent to which maternal social group membership attenuated the mediating effect of maternal depression on child mental health.MethodsData come from a population‐based cohort of families living in the Nyakabare Parish, a rural district in southwestern Uganda. Between 2016 and 2018, mothers completed surveys about childhood adversity, depressive symptoms, social group membership, and their children's mental health. Survey data were analyzed using causal mediation and moderated‐mediation analysis.ResultsAmong 218 mother–child pairs, 61 mothers (28%) and 47 children (22%) showed symptoms meeting cutoffs for clinically significant psychological distress. In multivariable linear regression models, maternal ACEs had a statistically significant association with severity of child conduct problems, peer problems, and total child difficulty scores. Maternal depression mediated the relationship between maternal ACEs and conduct problems, peer problems, and total difficulty, but this mediating effect was not moderated by maternal group membership.ConclusionsMaternal depression may act as a potential mechanism linking maternal childhood adversity with poor child mental health in the next generation. Within a context of elevated rates of psychiatric morbidity, high prevalence of childhood adversity, and limited healthcare and economic infrastructures across Uganda, these results emphasize the prioritization of social services and mental health resources for rural Ugandan families.
Leveraging African American family connectors for Alzheimer's disease genomic studies
Authors: Byfield Grace , Starks Takiyah D. , Luther Ronqeiya , Edwards Christopher L. , Lloyd Shawnta L. , Caban‐Holt Allison , Adams Larry Deon , Vance Jeffery M. , Cuccaro Michael , Haines Jonathan L. , Reitz Christiane , Pericak‐Vance Margaret A. , Byrd Goldie S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe underrepresentation of African Americans (AAs) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) research may limit potential benefits from translational applications. This article describes an approach to recruit AA families into an AD genomic study and characteristics of seeds (family connectors) used to overcome recruitment barriers of AA families into AD research.METHODSA four‐step outreach and snowball sampling approach relying on family connectors was used to recruit AA families. Descriptive statistics of a profile survey were gathered to understand the demographic and health characteristics of family connectors.RESULTSTwenty‐five AA families (117 participants) were enrolled in the study via family connectors. Most family connectors self‐identified as female (88%), were 60 years of age or older (76%), and attained post‐secondary education (77%).DISCUSSIONCommunity‐engaged strategies were essential to recruit AA families. Relationships between study coordinators and family connectors build trust early in the research process among AA families.Highlights
Community events were most effective for recruiting African American families.
Family connectors were primarily female, in good health, and highly educated.
Systematic efforts by researchers are necessary to “sell” a study to participants.
Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Cytotrienin A: Late‐Stage Installation of C11 Side Chain onto the Macrolactam Scaffold
Authors: Tateishi Yuki , Sato Ryo , Komatsu Shingo , Noguchi Masatsugu , Nagasawa Shota , Sasano Yusuke , Kanoh Naoki , Iwabuchi Yoshiharu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCytotrienin A, an ansamycin‐class antibiotic, exhibits potent apoptosis‐inducing activity and has attracted much attention as a lead compound for anticancer drugs. Herein, we report a new asymmetric synthetic route to cytotrienin A, employing an unexplored approach involving the late‐stage installation of a C11 side chain onto the macrolactam core. In this strategy, we utilized the redox properties of hydroquinone and installed a side chain on the sterically hindered C11 hydroxy group by the traceless Staudinger reaction. This study also demonstrated that the boron‐Wittig/iterative Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling sequence was effective for the concise and selective construction of the (E,E,E)‐conjugated triene moiety. The developed route opens new opportunities for the structure–activity relationship studies of the side chains of these ansamycin antibiotics and the preparation of other synthetic analogs and chemical probes for further biological studies.
Disc‐Like Silver Nanocluster Ag93 Built with Bicapped Hexagonal Prismatic Ag15 and Ino Decahedral Ag13 Units
Authors: Hu Feng , He Rui‐Lin , Guan Zong‐Jie , Liu Chun‐Yu , Wang Quan‐Ming 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe reduction of alkynyl‐silver and phosphine‐silver precursors with a weak reducing reagent Ph2SiH2 led to the formation of a novel silver nanocluster [Ag93(PPh3)6(C≡CR)50]3+ (R=4‐CH3OC6H4), which is the largest structurally characterized cluster of clusters. This disc‐shaped cluster has a Ag69 kernel consisting of a bicapped hexagonal prismatic Ag15 unit wrapped by six Ino decahedra through edge‐sharing. This is the first time that Ino decahedra are used as a building block to assemble a cluster of clusters. Moreover, the central silver atom has a coordination number of 14, which is the highest in metal nanoclusters. This work provides a diverse metal packing pattern in metal nanoclusters, which is helpful for understanding metal cluster assembling mechanisms.