bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Silicon Microspheres for Super‐Planckian Light Sources in the Mid Infrared
Authors: Fenollosa Roberto , Ramiro‐Manzano Fernando , Garín Moises , Meseguer Francisco 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSilicon microspheres with a diameter in the range of 2–3 micrometers constitute photonic nanocavities that emit light through their Mie resonances when heated at high temperatures. At 500–600 °C these microresonators show a particular mid‐infrared (MIR) emission dominated by the lowest order modes. Such resonances feature a large free spectral range, about 600 cm−1, and a high proximity to the critical coupling condition. In fact, resonances with high‐quality factor, around 160 are found. It corresponds to the limit of detection of their measuring setup, being 600 the theoretical value. Most importantly, several modes emit light above the calculated black body limit because they feature an optical absorption cross‐section larger than their geometric one. All these characteristics set silicon microspheres as very promising zero‐dimensional materials for developing micrometric and sub‐wavelength light sources in the MIR.
Consumers' willingness to pay for safe and quality milk: Evidence from experimental auctions in Rwanda
Authors: Habiyaremye Naphtal , Mtimet Nadhem , Ouma Emily A. , Obare Gideon A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA major concern of the Rwandan government and other dairy stakeholders is the safety and quality of milk that goes through informal delivery systems until it gets to the consumers. Although the government introduced the dairy best practices scheme that stipulates standards and practices for proper handling of raw milk, consumers' willingness to pay (WTP) for such milk has not yet been assessed. It is also unclear whether consumers are aware of and/or value the safety‐ and quality‐related information on types of milk sold in different marketing channels. In this study, we use the second price auction mechanism to elicit consumers' WTP for pasteurized but unpackaged milk in Rwanda and we estimate the effect of providing safety‐ and quality‐related information on WTP using the random‐effect Tobit model. Our results show that consumers are willing to pay a price premium for safe and quality milk, implying that there is an opportunity for market transformation in the dairy sector. Furthermore, we find a positive and significant effect of providing information to consumers on WTP for safe and quality milk. Based on our results, we recommend policies that promote private sector investments in upscaling of milk zones and the establishment of milk‐dispensing machines selling this type of milk. There is also a need for information campaigns that increase consumers' knowledge and awareness of the quality of milk consumed. [EconLit Citations: C34, C91, D12, D44, M31].
Aggregation‐enabled alkene insertion into carbon–halogen bonds
Authors: Li Meng‐Yao , Nong Xiao‐Mei , Xiao Han , Gu Ao , Zhai Shuyang , Li Jiatong , Zhang Ge , Xue Ze‐Jian , Liu Yingbin , Li Chunsen , Lin Guo‐Qiang , Feng Chen‐Guo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMolecular aggregation affects the electronic interactions between molecules and has emerged as a powerful tool in material science. Aggregate effect finds wide applications in the research of new physical phenomena; however, its value for chemical reaction development has been far less explored. Herein, we report the development of aggregation‐enabled alkene insertion into carbon–halogen bonds. The spontaneous cleavage of C–X (X = Cl, Br, or I) bonds generates an intimate ion pair, which can be quickly captured by alkenes in an aggregated state. Additional catalysts or promoters are not necessary under such circumstances, and solvent quenching experiments indicate that the aggregated state is critical for achieving such sequences. The ionic insertion mode is supported by mechanistic studies, density functional theory calculations, and symmetry‐adapted perturbation theory analysis. Results also show that the non‐aggregated state may quench the transition state and terminate the insertion process.
Molecular and clinicopathologic characterization of pediatric histiocytoses
Authors: Hélias‐Rodzewicz Zofia , Donadieu Jean , Terrones Nathalie , Barkaoui Mohamed‐Aziz , Lambilliotte Anne , Moshous Despina , Thomas Caroline , Azarnoush Saba , Pasquet Marlène , Mansuy Ludovic , Aladjidi Nathalie , Jeziorski Eric , Marec‐Berard Perrine , Gilibert‐Yvert Marion , Spiegel Alexandra , Saultier Paul , Pellier Isabelle , Pagnier Anne , Pertuisel Sophie , Poiree Maryline , Bodet Damien , Millot Frédéric , Isfan Florentina , Stephan Jean‐Louis , Leruste Amaury , Rigaud Charlotte , Filhon Bruno , Carausu Liana , Reguerre Yves , Kieffer Isabelle , Brichard Bénédicte , Ben Jannet Rim , Bakari Mariama , Idbaih Ahmed , Bodemer Christine , Cohen‐Aubart Fleur , Haroche Julien , Tazi Abdellatif , Boudjemaa Sabah , Fraitag Sylvie , Emile Jean‐François , Heritier Sébastien ,   for the French Histiocytosis Study Group
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe spectrum of somatic mutations in pediatric histiocytoses and their clinical implications are not fully characterized, especially for non‐Langerhans cell histiocytosis (‐LCH) subtypes. A cohort of 415 children with histiocytosis from the French histiocytosis registry was reviewed and analyzed for BRAFV600E. Most BRAFWT samples were analyzed by next‐generation sequencing (NGS) with a custom panel of genes for histiocytosis and myeloid neoplasia. Of 415 case samples, there were 366 LCH, 1 Erdheim‐Chester disease, 21 Rosai‐Dorfman disease (RDD), 21 juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG, mostly with severe presentation), and 6 malignant histiocytosis (MH). BRAFV600E was the most common mutation found in LCH (50.3%, n = 184). Among 105 non‐BRAFV600E‐mutated LCH case samples, NGS revealed mutations as follows: MAP2K1 (n = 44), BRAF exon 12 deletions (n = 26), and duplications (n = 8), other BRAF V600 codon mutation (n = 4), and non‐MAP‐kinase pathway genes (n = 5). Wild‐type sequences were identified in 17.1% of samples. BRAFV600E was the only variant significantly correlated with critical presentations: organ‐risk involvement and neurodegeneration. MAP‐kinase pathway mutations were identified in seven RDD (mostly MAP2K1) and three JXG samples, but most samples were wild‐type on NGS. Finally, two MH samples had KRAS mutations, and one had a novel BRAFG469R mutation. Rarely, we identified mutations unrelated to MAP‐kinase pathway genes. In conclusion, we characterized the mutational spectrum of childhood LCH and clinical correlations of variants and subtypes. Variants responsible for JXG and RDD were not elucidated in more than half of the cases, calling for other sequencing approaches.
The epidemiology of mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease and related dementia in U.S. veterans
Authors: Dinesh Deepika , Shao Qing , Palnati Madhuri , McDannold Sarah , Zhang Quanwu , Monfared Amir Abbas Tahami , Jasuja Guneet K. , Davila Heather , Xia Weiming , Moo Lauren R. , Miller Donald R. , Palacios Natalia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionUS veterans have a unique dementia risk profile that may be evolving over time.MethodsAge‐standardized incidence and prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD), AD and related dementias (ADRD), and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was estimated from electronic health records (EHR) data for all veterans aged 50 years and older receiving Veterans Health Administration (VHA) care from 2000 to 2019.ResultsThe annual prevalence and incidence of AD declined, as did ADRD incidence. ADRD prevalence increased from 1.07% in 2000 to 1.50% in 2019, primarily due to an increase in the prevalence of dementia not otherwise specified. The prevalence and incidence of MCI increased sharply, especially after 2010. The prevalence and incidence of AD, ADRD, and MCI were highest in the oldest veterans, in female veterans, and in African American and Hispanic veterans.DiscussionWe observed 20‐year trends of declining prevalence and incidence of AD, increasing prevalence of ADRD, and sharply increasing prevalence and incidence of MCI.
Tinkering with Mechanochemical Tools for Scale Up
Authors: Reynes Javier F. , Isoni Valerio , García Felipe 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMechanochemistry provides an environmentally benign platform to develop more sustainable chemical processes by limiting raw materials, energy use, and waste generation while using physically smaller equipment. A continuously growing research community has steadily showcased examples of beneficial mechanochemistry applications at both the laboratory and the preparative scale. In contrast to solution‐based chemistry, mechanochemical processes have not yet been standardized, and thus scaling up is still a nascent discipline. The purpose of this Minireview is to highlight similarities, differences and challenges of the various approaches that have been successfully applied for a range of chemical applications at various scales. We hope to provide a discussion starting point for those interested in further developing mechanochemical processes for commercial use and/or industrialisation.
The impact of protective isolation in a hematology unit on staff, patients, and their families
Authors: Letrecher Sandrine 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn order to study the psychological consequences of isolation measures, we decided to take the example of protective isolation in hematology. Most patients there had arrived as emergency cases. They were still shocked, stunned by the announcement of double jeopardy: a cancerous pathology with a high risk of death and a 5‐week isolation period. In addition to carrying out technical monitoring, the medical staff exhibits a high level of personal commitment on a daily basis. The support they provide is very intense, commensurate with the need to pick up any signs of somatic or psychological decompensation. In such a regressive context, there is a necessary lack of differentiation between patients and healthcare staff. The intensity of the care given in the hospital contrasts starkly with the total lack of human support at the point of discharge. Two case studies illustrate how the nature of the relationship between patient and family may be changed by hospitalization. Relatives must be able not only to take a back seat during hospitalization, but also to reassert themselves when their loved one is discharged or, more tragically, reaches the end of life. Unconscious aspects of the familial relationships and of the individual's reactions potentiated by this ordeal are described and analyzed.
Langzeitrissmonitoring an Spannbetonkonstruktionen mittels Distributed Strain Sensing
Authors: Kindler Arne , Schaller Maria‐Barbara , Nöther Nils , Breuer Stefan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIm Deckenbereich eines Verbindungstunnels der Münchener U‐Bahn wurden zum kontinuierlichen Rissmonitoring (Dauerrissmonitoring) faseroptische Sensorkabel verlegt. Hierbei sind laut Messkonzept eine Dauerüberwachung der Gesamtverformungen sowie mehrere Stichtagmessungen hinsichtlich des eigentlichen Rissmonitorings der Spannbetonkonstruktion geplant. Ziel der Messungen ist das faseroptische Rissmonitoring zur Bauwerksüberwachung einer vorgeschädigten und im Zuge der faseroptischen Installation sanierten Spannbetonkonstruktion aus den 1970er‐Jahren mit hohen Verkehrslasten aus Straßenverkehr und Temperatureinwirkungen. Bei der Spannbetonkonstruktion handelt es sich um eine Einfeldplattenkonstruktion mit geraden und parabelförmigen Spanngliedern. Die ursprüngliche Decke wies ein erhöhtes Schadenspotenzial an der Plattenunterseite (Rissbild) sowie schwerwiegende Schäden in Verbindung mit der vorhandenen Spannstahlkonstruktion auf. Im Zuge der Sanierung der Spannbetondeckenplatte wurde eine Spritzbetonverstärkung mit Zusatzbewehrung ausgeführt, um ein Ankündigungsverhalten bei Spanngliedausfall zu erreichen. Im folgenden Beitrag wird über die ersten Ergebnisse des Rissmonitorings auf der Basis von kontinuierlichen faseroptischen Messungen der eingebetteten Glasfasern berichtet. Die Messungen basieren auf der Brillouin‐Technologie.
Demographic disparities in receipt of care at a comprehensive cancer center
Authors: Kirtane Kedar , Zhao Yayi , Amorrortu Rossybelle P. , Fuzzell Lindsay N. , Vadaparampil Susan T. , Rollison Dana E. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundNational Cancer Institute cancer centers (NCICCs) provide specialized cancer care including precision oncology and clinical treatment trials. While these centers can offer novel therapeutic options, less is known about when patients access these centers or at what timepoint in their disease course they receive specialized care. This is especially important since precision diagnostics and receipt of the optimal therapy upfront can impact patient outcomes and previous research suggests that access to these centers may vary by demographic characteristics. Here, we examine the timing of patients' presentation at Moffitt Cancer Center (MCC) relative to their initial diagnosis across several demographic characteristics.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted among patients who presented to MCC with breast, colon, lung, melanoma, and prostate cancers between December 2008 and April 2020. Patient demographic and clinical characteristics were obtained from the Moffitt Cancer Registry. The association between patient characteristics and the timing of patient presentation to MCC relative to the patient's cancer diagnosis was examined using logistic regression.ResultsBlack patients (median days = 510) had a longer time between diagnosis and presentation to MCC compared to Whites (median days = 368). Black patients were also more likely to have received their initial cancer care outside of MCC compared to White patients (odds ratio [OR] and 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.45 [1.32–1.60]). Furthermore, Hispanics were more likely to present to MCC at an advanced stage compared to non‐Hispanic patients (OR [95% CI] = 1.28 [1.05–1.55]).ConclusionsWe observed racial and ethnic differences in timing of receipt of care at MCC. Future studies should aim to identify contributing factors for the development of novel mitigation strategies and assess whether timing differences in referral to an NCICC correlate with long‐term patient outcomes.
An Eco‐Friendly and Switchable Carbon‐Based Catalyst for Protection‐Deprotection of Vicinal Diols
Authors: Román Inmaculada , Pardo‐Botello Rosario , Durán‐Valle Carlos J. , Cintas Pedro , Fernando Martínez R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEven though protection‐free protocols represent a key principle of green chemistry, both protection and deprotection routes are indispensable strategies in synthetic pursuits, especially towards highly functionalized pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, often decorated by promiscuous OH or NH groups, among others. Herein a sustainable carbon‐based catalyst is reported that efficiently promotes the protection of 1,2‐diols as isopropylidene ketals under heterogeneous conditions, affording products in high conversion and yields. Grafting of sulfonate groups onto the high‐surface‐area carbon creates a solid acid catalyst with high performance for acetalization under mild thermal conditions. Interestingly, the same catalyst can be employed for the inverse deprotection step leading to the parent diols with comparable efficiency. Along with a detailed catalyst's characterization, critical issues related to catalyst loading, reaction scope, and selectivity were thoroughly optimized. The catalyst can be recycled, and no impurities caused by leaching could be observed.
Heimexperiment und Online‐Dokumentation
Authors: Denk Alexander , Schüngel Verena , Weber Stefka , Kaulen Corinna 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Anleitung zum selbständigen wissenschaftlichen Arbeiten ist ein fester Bestandteil in der naturwissenschaftlichen Ausbildung, der im letzten Jahr durch Distanz‐Unterricht stark vernachlässigt wurde. Wir stellen hier einen Ansatz vor, bei dem Studierende zu Hause mit Alltagsgegenständen in Teilaufgaben die Aktivität von Hefe in Abhängigkeit von Temperatur und Substrat untersucht haben. Die Ergebnisse des gesamten Kurses wurden in einem Google‐Dokument gesammelt und zentral ausgewertet. Gleichzeitig fand ein Erfahrungsaustausch unter den Lernenden statt und Probleme konnten öffentlich diskutiert werden. Darüber hinaus wurden grundlegende Fähigkeiten wie Beobachten, Protokollieren und detailgetreues Berichten geübt. Die Online‐Dokumentation und ‐Erfassung der Ergebnisse stellt somit eine geeignete Methode dar, die Durchführung von Heimexperimenten zu aktivieren und zu koordinieren.
For patients with prior coronary artery bypass grafting and recurrent myocardial ischemia, percutaneous coronary intervention on bypass graft or native coronary artery?—A 5‐year follow‐up cohort study
Authors: Liu Ru , Liu Haibo , Yuan Deshan , Chen Yan , Tang Xiaofang , Zhang Ce , Zhu Pei , Yang Tao , Zhang Yongbao , Li Han , Xu Ou , Gao Runlin , Xu Bo , Yuan Jinqing 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundReal‐world data on target vessel of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for patients with prior coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) was still limited.HypothesisA prospective cohort was examined to determine the frequency and outcomes of native coronary artery PCI versus bypass graft PCI in patients with prior CABG.MethodsA large‐sample observational study enrolled a total of 10 724 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) underwent PCI in 2013. Two‐ and five‐year clinical outcomes were compared between graft PCI group and native artery PCI group in patients with prior CABG.ResultsA total of 438 cases had CABG history in the total cohort. Graft PCI group and native artery PCI group accounted for 13.7% and 86.3%, respectively. The rates of 2‐ and 5‐year all‐cause death and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebral events (MACCE) showed no significant difference between the two groups (p > .05). Two‐year revascularization risk was lower in graft PCI group than native artery PCI group (3.3% and 12.4%, p < .05), but 5‐year myocardial infarction (MI) risk was higher (13.3% and 5.0%, p < .05). In multivariate COX regression models, graft PCI group was independently associated with lower 2‐year revascularization risk (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.21; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.05–0.88; p = .033), but higher 5‐year MI risk than native artery PCI group (HR: 2.61; 95% CI: 1.03–6.57; p = .042). Five‐year all‐cause death and MACCE risk showed no difference between the two groups in model.ConclusionsIn patients with prior CABG underwent PCI, patients in graft PCI group had higher 5‐year MI risk than patients received native artery PCI. But, 5‐year mortality and MACCE was not significantly different between graft PCI group and native artery PCI group.
A Cation‐Driven Enhanced Functionalization Solid Electrolyte Interface for Hard Carbon Anodes in Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Meng Jiaqi , Jia Guofeng , Yang Hongjun , Tang Faman , Peng Zhengjun , Li Jianwei , Wang Min 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe formation of a stable SEI with a hierarchical structure of functionalization is the key to improving the anode performance of secondary batteries. The effects of piperidine cation containing isobutyl as an additive in the SEI structure of hard carbon (HC) and corresponding Na+transport functionality were comprehensively investigated. It is revealed that the large cationic groups of piperidine can promote the rapid migration of Na+desolvation on the surface of HC anode, further promote the decomposition of anions, and induce the formation of a double‐layer SEI structure. As a result, the as‐fabricated batteries achieved high cyclic stability, good reversible specific capacity, and improved rate performance. The mixed electrolyte showed good reversible capacity and capacity retention rate (800 cycles @5 C, 67.31%), which was significantly better than the initial electrolyte with a capacity retention rate of 42.01% for 500 cycles @5 C. In particular, it is also observed some graphitized structural features on the surface of HC, which facilitate the migration of Na+. Meanwhile, the hierarchical structure of functionalization SEI in conjunction with “pseudo‐SEI” contributed to the improved performance of Na+storage. This work provides the feasibility for the introduction of large cationic group additives in the electrolyte to enhance the cycle stability of the HC anode.
Self‐configuration system and frequency characterization of a programmable photodetector ASIC
Authors: Calarco Nicolás , Córdoba Matías , Mombello Lucas , Gak Joel , Lorenzatto Martín , Pazos Sebastián , Lipovetzky José , Perez Quintián Fernando 
Published: April 2023

SummaryIn this work, a self‐configuration system and the frequency characterization for a fully integrated CMOS photodetector sensor is presented. The sensor is composed of pixels with programmable switches that allow each pixel to connect with its neighbors; in this way, an arbitrary detection pattern can be synthesized on it. The design was aimed to be part of an optical encoder based on a non‐diffractive light beam; therefore, the purpose of the self‐configuration routine is to find the center of the incident non‐diffractive beam and then configure the detection pattern around it. The corresponding algorithm is implemented on a Zynq‐7000SoCallowing to automate the alignment of the beam with the detection pattern, without using micrometric positioning procedures. The frequency response of the analog front‐end of the entire chip (the pixels and the amplification system) is addressed via SPICE simulations and experimental data and is consistent with the classical mathematical models, allowing us to propose future improvements to the design.
Iron deficiency in heart failure: screening, prevalence, incidence and outcome data from the Swedish Heart Failure Registry and the Stockholm CREAtinine Measurements collaborative project
Authors: Lindberg Felix , Lund Lars H. , Benson Lina , Linde Cecilia , Orsini Nicola , Carrero Juan Jesus , Savarese Gianluigi 
Published: April 2023

AimsIron deficiency (ID) is common in heart failure (HF) and linked with poor prognosis regardless of anaemia. We assessed temporal trends in ID testing, ID prevalence, ID incidence, iron need, and outcomes associated with ID in HF across the ejection fraction (EF) spectrum.Methods and resultsFrom the Swedish HF registry, we enrolled 15 197 patients from Region Stockholm with available EF and collected laboratory tests from routine practice. Iron screening improved since 2016 but remained <25% as of 2018. In 1486 patients with iron biomarkers at baseline, the prevalence of ID was 55% (HF with reduced EF 54%; mildly reduced EF 51%; preserved EF 61%). Iron need was ≥1500 mg in 72% of patients. ID was independently associated with higher risk for HF rehospitalizations (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 1.62, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13–2.31) and with cardiovascular (CV) death or repeated HF hospitalizations (IRR 1.63, 95% CI 1.15–2.30) regardless of EF (p‐interaction 0.21 and 0.26, respectively), but not with all‐cause death, CV death, or first HF hospitalization. Among 96 patients without ID at baseline and with follow‐up iron biomarkers, 21% developed ID within 6 months.ConclusionsIron deficiency screening improved over time but is still limitedly implemented, despite being highly prevalent and incident, and independently associated with CV death or HF rehospitalizations regardless of EF. Most patients with ID had an iron need necessitating either repeated administrations of intravenous iron or a preparation permitting >1000 mg doses. These data highlight the need for improved screening for ID in HF.