bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fused Triangulene Dimers: Facile Synthesis by Intramolecular Radical‐Radical Coupling and Application for Near‐Infrared Lasers
Authors: Shen Tong , Dijkstra Diego , Farrando‐Pérez Alex , Boj Pedro G. , Villalvilla José M. , Quintana José A. , Zou Ya , Hou Xudong , Wei Haipeng , Li Zhentao , Sun Zhe , Díaz‐García María A. , Wu Jishan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLarge graphene‐like molecules with four zigzag edges are ideal gain medium materials for organic near‐infrared (NIR) lasers. However, synthesizing them becomes increasingly challenging as the molecular size increases. In this study, we introduce a new intramolecular radical‐radical coupling approach and successfully synthesize two fused triangulene dimers (1 a/1 b) efficiently. X‐ray crystallographic analysis of 1 a indicates that there is no intermolecular π‐π stacking in the solid state. When the more soluble derivative 1 b is dispersed in polystyrene thin films, amplified spontaneous emission in the NIR region is observed. Using 1 b as the active gain material, we fabricate solution‐processed distributed feedback lasers that exhibit a narrow emission linewidth at around 790 nm. The laser devices also exhibit low thresholds with high photostability. Our study provides a new synthetic strategy for extended nanographenes, which have diverse applications in electronics and photonics.
Carbon Nitride Pillared Vanadate Via Chemical Pre‐Intercalation Towards High‐Performance Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Xu Yue , Fan Guilan , Sun Peng Xiao , Guo Yan , Wang Yangyang , Gu Xiaojun , Wu Limin , Yu Le 
Published: May 2023

AbstractVanadium based compounds are promising cathode materials for aqueous zinc (Zn)‐ion batteries (AZIBs) due to their high specific capacity. However, the narrow interlayer spacing, low intrinsic conductivity and the vanadium dissolution still restrict their further application. Herein, we present an oxygen‐deficient vanadate pillared by carbon nitride (C3N4) as the cathode for AZIBs through a facile self‐engaged hydrothermal strategy. Of note, C3N4 nanosheets can act as both the nitrogen source and pre‐intercalation species to transform the orthorhombic V2O5 into layered NH4V4O10 with expanded interlayer spacing. Owing to the pillared structure and abundant oxygen vacancies, both the Zn2+ ion (de)intercalation kinetics and the ionic conductivity in the NH4V4O10 cathode are promoted. As a result, the NH4V4O10 cathode delivers exceptional Zn‐ion storage ability with a high specific capacity of about 370 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1, a high‐rate capability of 194.7 mAh g−1 at 20 A g−1 and a stable cycling performance of 10 000 cycles.
Effect of temperature on fatty acid composition in the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): A temperature dependent nutritive lipid profile
Authors: Ullah Asad , Haider Muhammad Samee , Chan Malik Wajid Hussain , Aslam Sadar , ‐e‐Zehra Lakht , Tarar Omer Mukhtar , Saleem Nida , Arija Victoria 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this study, the effects of temperature on the fatty acids profile and the effects of temperature on the degree of unsaturation of fatty acids of Oreochromis niloticus were investigated. The analysis was performed by gas chromatography. The study showed that there were large temperature variations (10.0–32.0°C) during the study period (January–December). The highest crude fat content was found in January (3380 mg/100 g) and the lowest in June (2050 mg/100 g). The fatty acids profile showed significantly different diversity (p < 0.05). Total saturated fatty acid (∑SFA) content ranged from 409.54 to 1297.61 mg/100 g, monounsaturated fatty acid (∑MUFA) from 207.68 to 665.81 mg/100 g, and polyunsaturated fatty acid (∑PUFA) from 175.12 to 972.23 mg/100 g. The ∑MUFA and ∑PUFA concentrations were highest in January and lowest in June, and the ∑SFA concentration was lowest in January and highest in June. EPA and DHA contents were highest in January (198.96 mg/100 g) and lowest in June (48.76 mg/100 g). The contents of omega‐3 (653.17 mg/100 g) and omega‐6 fatty acids (252.54 mg/100 g) were highest in January and lowest in June (ω‐3; 106.43 and ω‐6; 60.91 mg/100 g). It concluded that the degree of unsaturation of fatty acids increases with decreasing temperature. In this study, the nutritional quality of the FAs profile was assessed using lipid quality indices. The indices indicating dietary quality of lipids by their values: Atherogenic index (0.47), thrombogenic index (0.38), hypocholesterolemic to hypercholesterolemic (3.00), meat fat quality (6.78), ω6/ω3 ratio (0.39), PUFA/SFA (2.37), MUFA/SFA (1.62), PUFA/MUFA (1.46), and PUFA + MUFA/SFA (3.99). These values are within the recommended range, indicating that the lipid profile of O. niloticus has high nutritional quality, which can be further improved by harvesting the fish during the winter season. Due to the nutritional importance of O. niloticus, the culture of this species could have significant interest to the people of Karachi, especially the coastal communities. To promote the nutritional diet in local population, the government should support the aquaculture of Nile tilapia.
Comparative analysis of cellulose nanocrystals and cellulose nanofibrils on the physico‐chemical properties of polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan blend for sustainable food packaging
Authors: Fakraoui Oumaima , Ghorbel Nouha , Noirel Cyril , Royaud Isabelle , Arous Mourad , Ayadi Zoubir , Kallel Ali 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe food industry's ever‐increasing need to substitute synthetic packaging materials has led to the development of eco‐friendly alternatives with improved physical and mechanical properties. The main objective of this work relates to the effect of adding different weight fractions (1, 3 and 5 wt%) of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) on the morphological, thermal, structural, biodegradable and mechanical properties of PVA/Chitosan (CS) bio‐nanocomposites. The DSC and FTIR results reveal that PVA and Chitosan are compatible due to the strong interactions via hydrogen bonding, which are also proved by the tensile test. The water solubility test indicates the biodegradability of nanocomposites. Furthermore, CNF have significantly enhanced the mechanical properties of PVA/CS. Hence, PVA/CS/CNF nanocomposites can be efficiently utilized for bio‐based packaging materials, where good mechanical properties are prime requirements.
Suppressed physical aging in PMMA‐titanium oxide nanocomposites by controlling alignment of nanoparticles
Authors: Huo Miao , Ma Mingchao , Teng Yinuo , Xiao Yuhan , Guo Yunlong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the physical aging process of PMMA‐TiO2 nanocomposites with different particle alignments. By using an external electric field to control the alignment of TiO2 particles, a uniform distribution of TiO2 particles in PMMA is transformed into a micrometer‐level pillar structure. The physical aging process is measured using differential scanning calorimetry, and the particle alignment is confirmed by microscopy. Comparison of the aging behavior of different samples shows that the addition of randomly distributed TiO2 nanoparticles accelerates the aging rate of the material. However, when the nanoparticles are realigned into a pillar structure, the aging rate significantly decreases. Moreover, in our experimental time scale, a dual‐relaxation mechanism of aging is observed in the PMMA/TiO2 nanocomposites. This work highlights the importance of particle alignment and structure on the aging behavior of polymer nanocomposites, which could have implications for designing materials with improved stability in applications that require slow aging.
Disturbance‐observer‐based adaptive finite‐time dynamic surface control for PMSM with time‐varying asymmetric output constraint
Authors: Li Menghan , Zhang Junxing , Li Shaobo , Wu Fengbin , Zhang Tao , Zhou Peng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article presents a disturbance‐observer‐based adaptive finite‐time dynamic surface control scheme, capable of guaranteeing transient behavior for the PMSM with arbitrary asymmetric time‐varying output constraint and unmatched external disturbance. The major challenge of this paper is devising efficient strategies to tackle the nonsymmetric output restraints with arbitrary characteristics and unmatched external perturbation for the system under the finite‐time backstepping framework. Given this, a nonlinear transformation function is adopted to coordinate from the output‐constrained dynamic model to an uncontained one, and a finite‐time disturbance observer is introduced to evaluate the unmatched external perturbation. Then, a dynamic surface control approach having adaptive properties for PMSM is conceived by combing a neural network to evaluate the nonlinear functions and a first‐order filter to handle the “explosion of complexity.” Additionally, it is proved that the signals in the closed‐loop system can narrow down to a bounded region and the tracking error can merge in a limited time to tiny vicinity of zero by employing a fast finite‐time stability principle. Eventually, simulation cases and contrast results reveal the tracking performance and immunity to the disturbance of the devised controller.
Model‐free predictive control for a class of asymmetric nonlinear systems
Authors: Su Baili , Tian Ye , Wang Yunshuo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA model‐free predictive control (MFPC) method is proposed for a kind of discrete nonlinear asymmetric systems (NASs) whose models are undefined. According to the dynamic characteristics of the asymmetric system, the compact format dynamic linearization (CFDL) technology and the improved projection algorithm are adopted to set up models for the controlled NAS. Then, based on the estimation models, the explicit analytical solution of the controller is obtained by solving the quadratic function of finite‐time domain rolling optimization. Finally, a switching law is designed to make the system switch reasonably between the positive and negative models, thus ensuring the stability of the whole system. The effectiveness of the proposed method is testified by a simulation example.
A truncated scale factor to realize cosmological bounce under the purview of modified gravity
Authors: Chokyi Khandro K. , Chattopadhyay Surajit 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe present paper reports a study on bounce realization with a truncated scale factor and the holographic fluid taken in the form of holographic Ricci Dark Energy, which is a particular case of holographic Nojiri–Odintsov model (Nojiri & Odintsov, 2006, Gen. Relativ. Gravit., 38(8), 1285). We have investigated the realization of bounce due to the application of a holographic fluid in the early scenario of the universe. We started with a de‐Sitter scale factor in our study and derived two modified forms using Taylor's series expansion. After studying the behavior of the resulting Hubble parameter, we identified as the suitable form of the scale factor to realize the bounce. It satisfied the conditions , , and before, at, and after the turn‐around point. We have also observed that the resulting equation of state (EoS) parameter violates the null energy condition required by the bounce realization. We have studied the bounce scenario in a modified gravity framework and derived the slow roll parameters. We have studied the behavior of the potential along with the slow‐roll parameters in this bouncing scenario.
Traumatic brain injury alters the relationship between brain structure and episodic memory
Authors: Taing Abbie S. , Mundy Matthew E. , Ponsford Jennie L. , Spitz Gershon 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundFocal and diffuse pathology resulting from traumatic brain injury (TBI) often disrupts brain circuitry that is critical for episodic memory, including medial temporal lobe and prefrontal regions. Prior studies have focused on unitary accounts of temporal lobe function, associating verbally learned material and brain morphology. Medial temporal lobe structures, however, are domain‐sensitive, preferentially supporting different visual stimuli. There has been little consideration of whether TBI preferentially disrupts the type of visually learned material and its association with cortical morphology following injury. Here, we investigated whether (1) episodic memory deficits differ according to the stimulus type, and (2) the pattern in memory performance can be linked to changes in cortical thickness.MethodsForty‐three individuals with moderate‐severe TBI and 38 demographically similar healthy controls completed a recognition task in which memory was assessed for three categories of stimuli: faces, scenes, and animals. The association between episodic memory accuracy on this task and cortical thickness was subsequently examined within and between groups.ResultsOur behavioral results support the notion of category‐specific impairments: the TBI group had significantly impaired accuracy for memory for faces and scenes, but not animals. Moreover, the association between cortical thickness and behavioral performance was only significant for faces between groups.ConclusionTaken together, these behavioral and structural findings provide support for an emergent memory account, and highlight that cortical thickness differentially affects episodic memory for specific categories of stimuli.
Follow‐up on the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency's (CIA) remote viewing experiments☆
Authors: Escolà‐Gascón Álex , Houran James , Dagnall Neil , Drinkwater Kenneth , Denovan Andrew 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesSince 1972, the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) commissioned several research programs on remote viewing (RV) that were progressively declassified from 1995 to 2003. The main objectives of this research were to statistically replicate the original findings and address the question: What are the underlying cognitive mechanisms involved in RV? The research focused on emotional intelligence (EI) theory and intuitive information processing as possible hypothetical mechanisms.MethodsWe used a quasi‐experimental design with new statistical control techniques based on structural equation modeling, analysis of invariance, and forced‐choice experiments to accurately objectify results. We measured emotional intelligence with the Mayer—Salovey–Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test. A total of 347 participants who were nonbelievers in psychic experiences completed an RV experiment using targets based on location coordinates. A total of 287 participants reported beliefs in psychic experiences and completed another RV experiment using targets based on images of places. Moreover, we divided the total sample into further subsamples for the purpose of replicating the findings and also used different thresholds on standard deviations to test for variation in effect sizes. The hit rates on the psi‐RV task were contrasted with the estimated chance.ResultsThe results of our first group analysis were nonsignificant, but the analysis applied to the second group produced significant RV‐related effects corresponding to the positive influence of EI (i.e., hits in the RV experiments were 19.5% predicted from EI) with small to moderate effect sizes (between 0. 457 and 0.853).ConclusionsThese findings have profound implications for a new hypothesis of anomalous cognitions relative to RV protocols. Emotions perceived during RV sessions may play an important role in the production of anomalous cognitions. We propose the Production‐Identification‐Comprehension (PIC) emotional model as a function of behavior that could enhance VR test success.
‘Big brothers and sisters have my back’: Benefits and risks of befriending older peers as a strategy to deal with school bullying
Authors: Zhu Yan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBefriending ‘brothers’ and ‘sisters’ from older year groups was a strategy used by children to gain protection against being bullied by same‐age peers at school, especially in contexts, such as Chinese rural boarding schools, where children spend a long time with peers under limited adult supervision. However, it is alarming that such close connections with older children, in some cases, could give children a feeling of having power over their same‐age peers, leading them to engage in bullying. In addition, since the roles as the provider and receiver of protection could cause an unbalanced power between the older ones and younger ones, younger children might have to experience a ‘dark’ side of such cross‐age peer relationships, such as exploitation, in some cases. Such experiences could be further strengthened by the Chinese values of ‘giving’ and ‘gaining’ in relationships. Therefore, based on an ethnographic study in a rural primary boarding school in China, this article argues that befriending older peers could contribute to increasing the safety of children at school. However, it is also necessary to be aware of potential risks associated with such peer relationships, because of the unbalanced power relation amongst children caused by age.
Helping in times of crisis: Examining the social identity and wellbeing impacts of volunteering duringCOVID‐19
Authors: Gray Debra , Randell Jordan , Manning Rachel , Cleveland Michelle 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCOVID‐19 produced the largest mass mobilisation of collective helping in a generation. Currently, the impact of this voluntary activity is not well understood, particularly for specific groups of volunteers (e.g., new vs. existing) and for different amounts of voluntary activity. Drawing on social psychological work on collective helping, and work from the Social Identity Approach to Health, we seek to address this gap through an analysis of survey data from 1,001 adults living in the south of England (333 men; 646 women; age range = 16–85) during the first UK lockdown. Measures included time spent volunteering pre‐/post‐COVID, community identification, subjective wellbeing, and volunteering intentions. Those who volunteered during COVID‐19 reported higher levels of community identification than those who did not. However, subjective wellbeing benefits were only found for those volunteers who maintained the same level of volunteering (in terms of time) pre‐and post‐COVID lockdown. New volunteers showed significantly lower levels of wellbeing when they were undertaking 5 or more hours of volunteering a week. Our findings provide unique insight into the variable relationship with wellbeing for different groups of volunteers, as well as how the experiences and functioning of ‘crisis’ volunteering are different from volunteering during ‘normal’ times.
Insights into CD154‐mediated pathways in ocular hypertensive glaucoma: The role of Müller cells and P2X7 in retinal neuroprotection and therapeutic potential
Authors: Hu Huiling , Liu Xinhua , Nie Danyao , Fang Min , Zhang Jing , Zhang Guoming 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAn elevation of pathologic intraocular pressure (IOP) is the greatest risk factor for glaucoma. CD154 has been reported to bind to CD40 expressed by orbital fibroblasts and be involved in immune and inflammatory responses. However, the function and mechanism of CD154 in ocular hypertensive glaucoma (OHG) are not fully understood. We isolated and characterized Müller cells and subsequently examined the effect of CD154 on ATP release from those cells. After being cocultured with CD154‐pretreated Müller cells, retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) were treated with P2X7 siRNAs or a P2X7 inhibitor. Furthermore, mouse models of glaucoma (GC) were injected with P2X7 shRNA. p21, p53, and P2X7 expression were examined, and cellular senescence and apoptosis were detected by β‐Gal and TUNEL staining, retinal pathology was examined by H&E staining, and CD154 and β‐Gal expression were detected by ELISA. CD154 induced ATP release from Müller cells and accelerated the senescence and apoptosis of RGCs that had been cocultured with Müller cells. We also found that treatment with P2X7 could attenuate the senescence and apoptosis of RGCs mediated by Müller cells pretreated with CD154. In vivo studies in GC model mice verified that P2X7 silencing attenuated pathological damage and prevented the senescence and apoptosis of retinal tissue. The study demonstrates how CD154 accelerates the aging and apoptosis of RGCs by co‐cultivating Müller cells pretreated with CD154 in OHG. The research implies that CD154 has the potential to become a new therapeutic target for ocular hypertension glaucoma, providing a new research direction for its treatment.
The trap of genetic tag: The importance of pathogenicity prediction tools in the correct interpretation of variants of uncertain significance in the era of high‐throughput genome sequencing
Authors: Pellegrino Francesco 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAlthough recent advancements in DNA sequencing technologies and their widely used, the interpretation of variants of uncertain significance from these large datasets is not clear‐cut. Here, we present the case of a family referred to our metabolic disease department, in which three males' individuals were affected by a suspected a genetic inherited disease, resulting from next‐generation sequencing results. A correct assessment of the clinical significance of the genetic variant found in our cases, with a review of the literature, the evaluation of population database and the use of computational predictive program changed the initial suspect. Despite NGS technologies have increased diagnostic sensitivity, most of these variants remains of uncertain clinical significance. An efficient systematic approach is fundamental to determine the pathogenicity of a variant, avoiding incorrect interpretation in a clinical setting.
Successful complex percutaneous intervention in patient with Fontan circulation and severe heart failure: A case report
Authors: Wittczak Andrzej , Dryżek Paweł , Maciejewski Marek , Kula‐Mazurek Anna , Moszura Tomasz , Bikiewicz Agata , Bielecka‐Dabrowa Agata 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe report the case of a successful complex percutaneous intervention in a patient with Fontan circulation and severe heart failure. The patient presented with cyanosis; Fontan conduit stenosis was detected, and the fenestration was patent. The complex interventional procedure allowed for a long‐term stabilization of the patient's condition.
Development of Bifunctional, Raman Active Diyne‐Girder Stapled α‐Helical Peptides**
Authors: Morgan Danielle C. , McDougall Laura , Knuhtsen Astrid , Jamieson Andrew G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStapled peptides are a unique class of cyclic α‐helical peptides that are conformationally constrained via their amino acid side‐chains. They have been transformative to the field of chemical biology and peptide drug discovery through addressing many of the physicochemical limitations of linear peptides. However, there are several issues with current chemical strategies to produce stapled peptides. For example, two distinct unnatural amino acids are required to synthesize i, i+7 alkene stapled peptides, leading to high production costs. Furthermore, low purified yields are obtained due to cis/trans isomers produced during ring‐closing metathesis macrocyclisation. Here we report the development of a new i, i+7 diyne‐girder stapling strategy that addresses these issues. The asymmetric synthesis of nine unnatural Fmoc‐protected alkyne‐amino acids facilitated a systematic study to determine the optimal (S,S)‐stereochemistry and 14‐carbon diyne‐girder bridge length. Diyne‐girder stapled T‐STAR peptide 29 was demonstrated to have excellent helicity, cell permeability and stability to protease degradation. Finally, we demonstrate that the diyne‐girder constraint is a Raman chromophore with potential use in Raman cell microscopy. Development of this highly effective, bifunctional diyne‐girder stapling strategy leads us to believe that it can be used to produce other stapled peptide probes and therapeutics.