bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distributed statistical process monitoring based on block‐wise residual generator
Authors: Tong Chudong , Zhou Xinyan , Qian Kai , Xu Xin , Jiang Jiongting 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe increasing scale of modern chemical plants keeps popularizing investigation as well as application of distributed process monitoring approaches. With a goal of directly quantifying the normal relations between different blocks divided from the whole process, a novel multi‐block modeling strategy called block‐wise residual generator is proposed, which trains a residual generator for each block through using the partial least squares algorithm with single one output, so that the relation between the corresponding block and the others is quantified as a regression model in a block‐wise manner. The deviations caused by the abnormal samples to the normal relations quantified for different blocks could thus be efficiently captured by the residuals generated from the block regression models, which then provide sensitive information for fault detection and contribution‐based fault diagnosis. Moreover, the proposed method is applicable for both disjoint and overlapped block divisions, and the direct consideration of individually quantifying relations between different blocks can always guarantee its salient monitoring performance, as validated through comparisons with classical distributed process monitoring methods.
Photoisomerization of “Partially Embedded Dihydropyridazine” with a Helical Structure
Authors: Usui Kazuteru , Amano Ami , Murayama Kasumi , Sasaya Miho , Kusumoto Ryota , Umeno Tomohiro , Murase Satsuki , Iizuka Naoko , Matsumoto Shota , Fuchi Yasufumi , Takahashi Kazuyuki , Kawahata Masatoshi , Kobori Yasuhiro , Karasawa Satoru 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHerein, we report the synthesis of two “partially embedded fused‐dihydropyridazine N‐aryl aza[5]helicene derivatives” (PDHs) and the demonstration of their intrinsic photo‐triggered multi‐functional properties based on a Kekulé biradical structure. Introducing bulky electron‐withdrawing trifluoromethyl or pentafluoroethyl groups into the aza[5]helicene framework (PDH‐CF3 and −C2F5) gives PDH axial chirality based on the helicity of the P and M forms, even at room temperature. Upon photo‐irradiation of PDH‐CF3 in a frozen solution, an ESR signal from the triplet biradical with zero‐field splitting values, generated by N−N bond dissociation, was observed. However, when the irradiation was turned off, the ESR signal became silent, thus indicating the existence of two equilibria: between the biradical and quinoidal forms based on the Kekulé structure, and between N−N bond cleavage and recombination. The observed photo‐ and thermally induced behaviors indicate that T‐type photochromic molecules are involved in the photoisomerization mechanism involving the two equilibria. Inspired by the photoisomerization, chirality control of PDH by photoracemization was achieved. Multiple functionalities, such as T‐type photochromism, photo‐excitation‐mediated triplet biradical formation, and photoracemization, which are attributed to the “partially embedded dihydropyridazine” structure, are demonstrated.
High expression of insulinoma‐associated protein 1 (INSM1) distinguishes colorectal mixed and pure neuroendocrine carcinomas from conventional adenocarcinomas with diffuse expression of synaptophysin
Authors: Litmeyer Anne‐Sophie , Konukiewitz Björn , Kasajima Atsuko , Foersch Sebastian , Schicktanz Felix , Schmitt Maxime , Kellers Franziska , Grass Albert , Jank Paul , Lehman Bettina , Gress Thomas M , Rinke Anja , Bartsch Detlef K , Denkert Carsten , Weichert Wilko , Klöppel Günter , Jesinghaus Moritz 
Published: August 2023

AbstractComplementary to synaptophysin and chromogranin A, insulinoma‐associated protein 1 (INSM1) has emerged as a sensitive marker for the diagnosis of neuroendocrine neoplasms. Since there are no comparative data regarding INSM1 expression in conventional colorectal adenocarcinomas (CRCs) and colorectal mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinomas/neuroendocrine carcinomas (MANECs/NECs), we examined INSM1 in a large cohort of conventional CRCs and MANECs/NECs. In conventional CRC, we put a special focus on conventional CRC with diffuse expression of synaptophysin, which carry the risk of being misinterpreted as a MANEC or a NEC. We investigated INSM1 according to the immunoreactive score in our main cohort of 1,033 conventional CRCs and 21 MANECs/NECs in comparison to the expression of synaptophysin and chromogranin A and correlated the results with clinicopathological parameters and patient survival. All MANECs/NECs expressed INSM1, usually showing high or moderate expression (57% high, 34% moderate, and 9% low), which distinguished them from conventional CRCs, which were usually INSM1 negative or low, even if they diffusely expressed synaptophysin. High expression of INSM1 was not observed in conventional CRCs. Chromogranin A was negative/low in most conventional CRCs (99%), but also in most MANECs/NECs (66%). Comparable results were observed in our independent validation cohorts of conventional CRC (n = 274) and MANEC/NEC (n = 19). Similar to synaptophysin, INSM1 expression had no prognostic relevance in conventional CRCs, while true MANEC/NEC showed a highly impaired survival in univariate and multivariate analyses (e.g. disease‐specific survival: p < 0.001). MANECs/NECs are a highly aggressive variant of colorectal cancer, which must be reliably identified. High expression of INSM1 distinguishes MANEC/NEC from conventional CRCs with diffuse expression of the standard neuroendocrine marker synaptophysin, which do not share the same dismal prognosis. Therefore, high INSM1 expression is a highly specific/sensitive marker that is supportive for the diagnosis of true colorectal MANEC/NEC.
The Reaction of Muonium with Hydrogen Peroxide in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Percival Paul W. , Brodovitch Jean‐Claude 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRate constants for the reactions of muonium (Mu) (the ultralight isotope of the hydrogen atom) with H2O2 in H2O and D2O2 in D2O have been determined at various temperatures and pH (pD) values. The data are consistent with the three reactions:
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and the equivalent for the deuterated entities. A significant positive H/D isotope effect was found for the undissociated peroxide, while for the anions the effect was negligible or slightly in the opposite direction. In addition, for concentrated solutions of peroxide a study of the muon spin polarization as a function of applied transverse magnetic field yielded results consistent with the rate constants determined from the direct decay measurements, and indicated that the reaction products are diamagnetic, most likely MuH and MuOH, i. e., no muoniated radical products are formed. These results are potentially relevant for management of the radiolysis products in nuclear industry.
Construction of a secure and efficient content key distribution framework for DRM systems
Authors: Mishra Dheerendra , Obaidat Mohammad S. , Kasi Abhijit , Rewal Purva , Mishra Ankita 
Published: August 2023

SummaryRecent advances in networks and digital technology have provided many user‐friendly environments such as telemedicine, e‐banking, e‐content, and e‐commerce. It has revolutionized the multimedia industry and made it accessible anytime and anywhere. However, its limitation also appeared in digital content piracy, which is more prevalent nowadays. Digital rights management (DRM) systems were developed to control the illegal spreading of digital content. Protocols are being developed to enable effective and secure communication in DRM systems. As security and efficiency are essential parameters, the approach should be two birds with one stone; i.e., the protocol should achieve efficiency and security together. Our investigation identified that secure mechanisms either have increased computation/communication overhead or fail to meet specified security criteria when discussing efficient content key delivery mechanisms. So, an efficient protocol design with the right security attributes is required. We have worked on designing a content delivery mechanism keeping in mind the desirable attribute of security and without decreasing overhead. The suggested solution targets “two birds with one stone.” We proved the security of the scheme in the random oracle model. We verify the security against active attacks using the formal simulation tool AVISPA. Detailed analysis is performed for the evaluation of computational and communication overhead. The comparative study is also presented to understand the gains in efficiency and security.
2‐Ketophenyl Assisted Biomimetic Synthesis of 3‐Thio Substituted Glycals at Room Temperature
Authors: Zargar Irshad Ahmad , Sakander Norein , Mukherjee Debaraj 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHerein we designed a strategy for the synthesis of regioselective and stereoselective displacement of C‐3 acetate group in the presence of other C‐4 and C‐6 acetate of 2‐ketophenyl‐glycal by different aromatic and cyclic aliphatic thiol nucleophiles taking inspiration from cytosolic esterase mediated thiolation of glucosamine sugars into cellular glycan. Under a mild base condition at room temperature, the protocol generated a library of 3‐arylthiosugars with excellent yields and high axial selectivity. This stereoselective approach tolerated well with different ester‐protected glycals and thiophenols, aliphatic cyclic thiols, and mercaptans. A variety of control experiments were conducted to establish the mechanism and reason behind the stereoselectivity.
Effects of animal fat replacement with almond flour on quality parameters of beef patties
Authors: Kirkyol Mine , Akköse Ahmet 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAlmond is rich in vitamins, minerals, and dietary fiber and contains high fat and protein. For this reason, almond flour can be used as an additive in the production of various foods to increase nutritional value, improve texture and flavor, and produce healthier products. The purpose of this study is to determine the availability of almond flour as an animal fat replacer in the production of beef patties. For this purpose, beef patties were produced in five different formulations containing animal fat and/or almond flour, and pH, moisture content, color, and TBARS values were detected in both raw and cooked samples. In addition, cooking yield and shrinkage were calculated and fatty acid composition, texture profile, and sensory analyses were performed on cooked samples. Replacing animal fat with almond flour increased pH in raw and cooked beef patties but decreased moisture content, b* value, and TBARS in cooked samples compared to the control. While cooking yield increased in beef patties containing almond flour, shrinkage decreased. In addition, the cooking process caused decreases in L*, a*, and b* values. Using almond flour in beef patties decreased the SFAs and increased the amounts of oleic and linoleic acids. Hardness, cohesiveness, resilience, and chewiness were significantly affected by the use of almond flour (p < .01), and higher hardness and chewiness, and lower cohesiveness and resilience were determined in the samples containing almond flour compared to the control. On the other hand, the use of almond flour instead of animal fat in beef patties did not have a significant effect on the determined sensory properties (p > .05).
DEI Is Not Enough
Authors: King Nancy M. P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe movement under way to increase diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in every workplace, including academia, medicine, and science, is an essential step toward health justice, but only a first step. Bioethics, health care, and health‐related research all need more professionals from minoritized groups, but all of us need to do more to address justice at every level. From inclusive workplace policies and practices to research into structural injustices and health disparities, bioethics can and must lead the way in collaborative efforts. The work belongs to all of us, and DEI is only the beginning.
Facilitating Ukrainian Refugees’ Continued Participation in Clinical Trials
Authors: Bloswick Agata , Mustra David , Harasymiv Oksana , Dubov Alex 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRussia's invasion of Ukraine and the ongoing armed conflict are having a hugely damaging effect on health services and the health infrastructure in Ukraine. Hundreds of clinical trials have been halted, leaving patients without access to treatment and jeopardizing the development of promising new drugs. There is a lack of clarity on dealing with protocol deviations and other disruptions caused by war. This article proposes guidance on facilitating Ukrainian refugees’ continuation in clinical trials. The safety of study participants should be the main priority and guide every decision, regardless of any potential consequences for an ongoing trial. This commentary outlines policy recommendations regarding participants’ reenrollment, the handover of participants and data to new principal investigators, and the consent process as well as the sponsor's obligations related to translation, data transfer, and support for Ukrainian investigators. To ensure data integrity, investigators should carry out risk assessments of the further use of refugees’ data.
Promotions of vaping products near schools and central business district: A descriptive cross‐sectional study
Authors: Leung Janni , Sun Tianze , Vu Giang , Dawson Danielle , Chan Gary Chung Kai 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIssues AddressedThe increase of youth vaping in Australia has raised concerns, especially with increasing promotions of vaping products. We observed the visibility of vaping products near high‐adolescent‐traffic areas.MethodsWe examined stores within walking distance of high schools and the central business district (CBD) in Brisbane, Australia, observing the number and proportion of stores selling or displaying vaping products. Using an observational approach, we analysed advertisements and open displays of vaping products at tobacconists, vape stores, and convenience stores.ResultsWe identified 61 eligible stores located near schools or in the CBD. Overall, 20% of stores displayed vaping products externally, with higher proportions among vape stores (78%) compared to tobacconists (36%). Additionally, 46% of stores had visible interior displays, with vape stores (89%) displaying them more frequently than tobacconists (71%). Among the 28 stores displaying vaping products, 57% included warnings, one store featured only flavoured products, and 25% showcased nicotine‐containing products. Youth‐appealing features were present in all but one store, with cartoons (61%) as the most common feature.ConclusionVapes were displayed near high schools and in the city, often featuring youth‐appealing features, such as colours and flavours.So What?The exposure to such promotions could normalise vaping and contribute to increased youth uptake. Continued monitoring of vaping product promotions is essential, particularly considering recent policy changes.
Factors perceived by village health volunteers to implement the strategies of the COVID‐19 Control Centre in Thailand
Authors: Singweratham Noppcha , Nawsuwan Kittiporn , Suriya Natthawut , Oupra Roshinee , Lillahkul Niratchara 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIssue AddressedThe proactive strategy of village health volunteers could help decrease the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) in Thailand. This research aimed to study the factors that influence the operation of the COVID‐19 Control Centre in the village health volunteer communities in Thailand. Thai village health volunteers are trained in infection control education, so they could help control the spread of COVID‐19 in the country. This questionnaire study examined factors related to the work of volunteers who could influence the outcomes of initiatives of the COVID‐19 Control Centre in Thailand.MethodA questionnaire was used that gathered demographic data about the volunteers in section 1, assessed the factors influencing the operation of the control centre in section 2, and evaluated the operation of the control centre in section 3. A predictive correlational design was conducted with 10 400 village health volunteers nationwide. Cronbach's alpha was used to assess the reliability of the instrument, with a score range of .773 to .917. The data were analysed using multiple regression analysis.ResultsFactors associated with the volunteers that could influence their implementation of the initiatives of the Thai COVID‐19 Control Centre were disease severity awareness (β = .196), preventive health behaviours (β = .159), organisational support awareness (β = .167), motivation (β = .120), and work duration (β = .036). These five factors yielded 26% variance (adj. R2 = .260, p < .001).ConclusionThe village health volunteers have an important role in implementing the initiatives of the Thai COVID‐19 Control Centre. The key findings suggest that disease severity awareness, preventive health behaviour, and organisational support awareness are critical factors influencing the operation of the COVID‐19 Control Centre by village health volunteers in Thailand. Understanding and addressing these factors could contribute to early and effective interventions in managing the spread of COVID‐19 and potentially future other epidermics.So What?These outcomes may positively contribute to effective early interventions as well as appropriate responses to the spread of COVID‐19 and to be better prepared to tackle future infectious threats. Further support for the village health volunteers is warranted to determine their efficacy.
Answerable for what? The role of accountability focus in line manager HR implementation
Authors: Hewett Rebecca , Sikora David , Brees Jeremy , Moelijker Rowan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLine managers are often responsible for implementing HR practices in organizations. Why do some line managers implement HR practices as intended while others do not? We draw on the concept of accountability focus to highlight that managers' HR implementation behavior is driven by what they feel accountable for, and we examine how accountability focus is shaped by characteristics of managers' role. We test our theoretical model across two field studies: a three‐wave survey with managers and a study with dyads of managers and employees. When managers experienced more autonomy in their HR role, they felt more accountable for outcomes and were less likely to implement HR practices, but this was mitigated when managers also felt competent in their HR responsibilities. More competent managers felt more accountable for processes and in turn were more likely to implement HR practices, which positively related to employees' discretionary effort. Our findings highlight boundaries to managerial autonomy, and theoretical insights about the motivational mechanisms, which drive HR implementation, with implications for employees. We contribute to theory on managerial accountability by elaborating the nomological net of accountability focus and, by developing a measurement scale through several pilot studies, provide opportunities for further research.
Sudan's armed rivalry: A comment on the vulnerable healthcare system catastrophe
Authors: Hemmeda Lina , Ahmed Alaa S. , Omer Maram 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Sudan War 2023 is a military conflict that erupted in the heart of a paralyzed state system. A total of 68% of hospitals are presently closed, with the remainder operating just partially owing to a lack of staff, medical supplies, and pharmaceuticals. Furthermore, due to power outages, Sudan's vaccination and insulin stocks are under jeopardy. Additionally, patients with chronic conditions have difficulty receiving their prescriptions. This unaccounted‐for conflict is expected to degrade Sudan's already‐weak healthcare sector by the recent COVID‐19 pandemic and 2018 revolution. Humanitarian emergency care is being offered by numerous non‐for‐profit organizations and civilians initiatives; but, more measures, notably aimed at preventing political upheaval, are required to save the country's future.
Personality, dietary identity, mental and sleep health in vegans and vegetarians: A preliminary cross‐sectional study
Authors: Coxon Christle , Hepsomali Piril , Brandt Karen , Vauzour David , Costabile Adele 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsPlant‐based diets have gained popularity over the past decade. However, research regarding mental and sleep health benefits of following plant‐based diets are conflicting. As there are associations between mental/sleep health and various personality traits, and personality may differ between individuals who follow different diets, in this preliminary study, we examined the associations between mental and sleep health and (i) personality and (ii) dietary identity in individuals who follow vegan and vegetarian diets.MethodsCross‐sectional data on sociodemographic, personality traits, dietarian identity, overall mental health, depression, anxiety, stress, and sleep quality were collected from 57 vegan/vegetarian participants between the ages of 18–40.ResultsAfter controlling for various sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, linear regression models revealed that (i) higher dietarian private regard was a significant predictor of better overall mental health, (ii) lower levels of extraversion and higher levels of empathy predicted depression, (iii) higher levels of neuroticism and empathy predicted anxiety, (iv) higher levels of neuroticism, dietarian centrality, and neuroticism × centrality predicted stress, (v) higher levels of conscientiousness, lower levels of dietarian centrality, but higher levels of personal motivation and dietary strictness, as well as conscientiousness × centrality, conscientiousness × personal motivation, and conscientiousness × strictness predicted better sleep quality.ConclusionsThese preliminary findings suggest that not only personality traits, but also dietary identity was indeed related to mental and sleep health in individuals who follow plant‐based diets.
Role of berberine on angiogenesis and blood flow hemodynamics using zebrafish model
Authors: Nathan Jhansi , Shameera Rabiathul , Devarajan Nalini , Perumal Elumalai 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAngiogenesis and hemodynamic instability created by the irregular blood vessels causes hypoperfusion and angiogenesis‐mediated diseases. Therefore, therapies focusing on controlling angiogenesis will be a valuable approach to treat a broad spectrum of diseases. In this study, we explored the anti‐angiogenic potential of berberine (BBR) and also analyzed blood flow hemodynamics using zebrafish embryos. Zebrafish embryos treated with BBR (0.01–0.75 mM) at various doses at 1 hour post‐fertilization (hpf) developed a variety of phenotypic variations including aberrant blood vessels, tail bending, edema, and hemorrhage. Survival rates were much lower at higher dosages, and hatching rates were almost 99%, whereas control group appeared normal. Heart rate is an essential measure that has a strong association with hemodynamics. We used ImageJ software to study the heart rate of embryos treated with BBR, preceded by video processing. The resultant graph shows a significant decrease in heart rate of embryos treated with BBR in dose‐dependent manner. Also, RBC staining using o‐Dianisidine confirms the anti‐angiogenic potential of BBR by indicating the decrease in the intersegmental vessels at 0.5 and 0.75 mM treated embryos. Further, the gene expression study determined that the transcripts (vegf, vegfr2, nrp1a, hif‐1α, nos2a, nos2b, cox‐2a, and cox‐2b) measured were found to be downregulated by BBR at 0.5 mM concentration, from which we conclude that enos/vegf signaling could play an important role in modulating angiogenesis. Our data imply that BBR may be an effective compound for suppressing angiogenesis in vivo, which might be helpful in the treatment of vascular disorders like cancer and diabetic retinopathy in future.