bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tuberculosis in the Russian Federation: Prognosis and Epidemiological Models in a Situation After the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Starshinova Anna , Belyaeva Ekaterina , Doktorova Natalia , Korotkevich Ilya , Kudlay Dmitry 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Aim
Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, many support programs for tuberculosis (TB) patients have been discontinued and TB mass screening activities decreased worldwide, resulting in a decrease in new case detection and an increase in TB deaths (WHO, WHO global lists of high burden countries for TB, multidrug/rifampicin-resistant TB (MDR/RR-TB) and TB/HIV, 2021–2025, 2021). The study aimed to assess changes in epidemiological indicators of tuberculosis in the Russian Federation and to simulate these indicators in the post-COVID-19 period.

Materials and Methods
The main epidemiological indicators of tuberculosis were analyzed with the use of government statistical data for the period from 2009 to 2021. Further mathematical modeling of epidemiological indicators for the coming years was carried out, taking into account the TB screening by chest X-ray. Statistical analysis was carried out using the software environment R (v.3.5.1) for statistical computing and the commercial software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 24.0, IBM Corp., 2016). Time series forecasting was performed using the programming language for statistical calculations R, version 4.1.2 and the bsts package, version 0.9.8.

Study Results
The study has found that the mean regression coefficient of a single predictor differs in the model for TB incidence and mortality (0.0098 and 0.0002, respectively). Forecast of overall incidence, the incidence of children and the forecast for mortality using the basic scenario (screening 75–78%) for the period from 2022 to 2026 was characterized by a mean decrease rate of 23.1%, 15.6% and 6.0% per year, respectively. A conservative scenario (screening 47–63%) of overall incidence indicates that the incidence of children and the forecast for mortality will continue to decrease with a mean decrease rate of 23.2%, 15.6% and 6.0% per year, respectively. Comparable data were obtained from the forecast of overall incidence, the incidence of children and the forecast for mortality using the optimistic scenario (screening 82–89%) with a mean decrease rate of 22.9%, 15.4% and 6.0% per year, respectively.

Conclusions
It has been proven that the significance of screening with chest X-ray as a predictor of mortality is minimal. However, TB screening at least 60% of the population (chest X-ray in adults and immunological tests in children) have provided relationship between the TB screening rate and TB mortality rate (TB mortality rate increases with an increase in the population coverage and, conversely, decreases with a decrease in the population coverage).
Study on water cooling island effects under different climatic conditions
Authors: Hong Chao , Qu Zhongke , Xu Wen , Gu Zhaolin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWater bodies are regarded as effective tools to improve urban thermal environment. However, there is little information regarding the impacts of the water bodies under different climatic conditions. In this study, the thermal effects of similar water bodies were investigated in a temperate monsoon climate city (Xi’an) and a humid subtropical climate city (Chengdu) in summer. Results showed that both the water bodies reduced the air temperature and increase the humidity in their vicinity, and the closer to the water body the more obvious the effects. However, the water body in Xi’an could provide cooling to its surroundings all day, while the one in Chengdu had warming effect at night. In this study, the universal thermal climate index (UTCI) around the water bodies was also investigated. It was found that both water bodies would improve the thermal comfort in their vicinity, and the thermal comfort achieved by the cooling effect was not cancelled out by the humidity change. In addition, it was found that the actual thermal sensation of the human body can be different for same UTCI values in Xi’an and Chengdu, which indicated the necessity to modify the thermal benchmarks before investigating the thermal comfort in different cities.
Suspended sediment dynamics and influencing factors during typhoons in Hangzhou Bay, China
Authors: Huang Ju , Zhu Jianrong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHangzhou Bay is located in China on the south side of the Changjiang Estuary and is vulnerable to extreme weather, such as typhoons in the summer and autumn. In this study, a three dimensional suspended sediment numerical model was developed that considers the dynamic factors of advection, mixing, wave, and sediment-induced stratification to simulate and analyze the effect of typhoons on water and sediment transport in Hangzhou Bay. The model validations show that the model can sufficiently reproduce the variability of the suspended sediment concentration (SSC) during typhoon conditions. The simulation results show that the high SSC in the bottom layer was mainly distributed in the leading edge of the south coast, and generally exceeded 10 kg·m−3. During typhoons, the water and suspended sediment transport in Hangzhou Bay presented a pattern of "north-landward and south-seaward" circulation, which promoted the convergence of suspended sediment in the center part of the bay. During Typhoon Rumbia in 2018, the water and sediment flux across the section from Nanhui Cape to Qiqu Archipelago (NQ section) increased by 18.13% and 265.75%, respectively, compared with those before the typhoon. The wave-induced bottom shear stress during typhoons has a very significant impact on the bottom SSC. The sensitivity experiments show that the wave-induced bottom shear stress greatly promotes the sediment resuspension during typhoons, which indirectly makes the sediment-induced stratification stronger than the direct effect of waves on the vertical mixing. The strong winds brought by typhoons mainly enhanced the vertical mixing, which has a stronger effect on surface SSC than waves. The suppression of vertical mixing by sediment-induced stratification during typhoons should not be ignored, especially for high turbidity coastal waters, such as Hangzhou Bay.
Estimating global numbers of farmed fishes killed for food annually from 1990 to 2019
Authors: Mood Alison , Lara Elena , Boyland Natasha K , Brooke Phil 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Global farmed finfish production increased from 9 to 56 million tonnes between 1990 and 2019. Although finfishes are now widely recognised as sentient beings, production is still being quantified as biomass rather than number of individuals (in contrast to farmed mammals and birds). Here, we estimate the global number of farmed finfishes slaughtered using FAO aquaculture production tonnages (1990–2019 data) and estimates of individual weight at killing (determined from internet searches at species and country level where possible). We relate these numbers to knowledge on humane slaughter, animal welfare law, and certification schemes. Since 1990, farmed finfish numbers killed annually for food have increased nine-fold, to 124 billion (1.24 × 1011, range 78–171 billion) in 2019. This figure does not represent the total number farmed (due to mortalities during rearing and non-food production) and is expected to increase as aquaculture expands. Our estimates indicate that farmed finfishes now outnumber the 80 billion farmed birds and mammals killed globally each year for food. The majority are produced in Asia. Inhumane slaughter practices cause suffering for most farmed finfishes. Most, 70–72%, have no legal welfare protection, and less than 1% have any fish-specific legal protection, at slaughter. The main global certification schemes in 2013–2015 accounted for 2% of slaughtered farmed finfishes. Fishes for which species-specific parameters for automated humane stunning are published comprise 20–24%. As the dominant taxa of farmed vertebrates, finfishes would benefit from better welfare if species-specific humane slaughter was defined and incorporated into laws and certification schemes.
Existential Bias
Authors: Hansen Casper Storm 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTo ascertain the rational credences for the epistemic agents in the famous cases of self-locating belief, one should model the processes by which those agents acquire their evidence. This approach, taken by Darren Bradley (Phil. Review 121, 149–177) and Joseph Halpern (Ergo 2, 195–206), is immensely reasonable. Nevertheless, the work of those authors makes it seem as if this approach must lead to such conclusions as the Doomsday argument being correct, and that Sleeping Beauty should be a halfer. I argue that this is due to an implicit existential bias: it is assumed that the first step in those processes is the determination that the agent in question must necessarily exist. It is much more reasonable to model that determination as contingent and a result of other, earlier, steps in the process. This paper offers such alternative models. They imply an endorsement of what has mockingly been called “presumptuous” reasoning, and a massive shift of credences in favor of (1) the existence of a multiverse and (2) the Everettian interpretation of quantum mechanics.
The effects of combating corruption on institutional trust and political engagement: evidence from Latin America
Authors: Poertner Mathias , Zhang Nan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWhile a number of high-level figures around the world have been prosecuted and even jailed for corruption in recent years, we know little about how such anticorruption efforts shape public opinion and patterns of political engagement. To address this question, we examine evidence from Argentina and Costa Rica involving the unprecedented sentencing of two former Presidents on corruption charges. Exploiting the coincidence in timing between these cases and fieldwork on nationally representative surveys, we find that citizens interviewed in the aftermath of these events expressed lower trust in institutions and were less willing to vote or join in collective demonstrations. Overall, these findings suggest that high-profile efforts to punish corrupt actors may have similar effects as political scandals in shaping citizens’ relationship to the political system.
Association of diet quality during pregnancy with maternal glucose metabolism in Chinese women
Authors: Pan Wenting , Karatela Shamshad , Lu Qinggui , Xie Luqin , Wu Shengchi , Jing Jin , Cai Li 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOverall diet quality during pregnancy has played an important role on maternal glucose metabolism. However, evidence based on the adherence to the dietary guideline is limited, especially for Asian populations. We aimed to examine the association between adherence to the Chinese dietary guideline measured by the Diet Balance Index for Pregnancy (DBI-P) and maternal glucose metabolism, including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) status, fasting and 2-h plasma glucose. Data were obtained from the baseline survey of the Yuexiu birth cohort. We recruited 942 pregnant women at 20–28 weeks of gestation in 2017–2018. Dietary intakes during the past month were collected using a validated semi-quantitative FFQ. The scores of DBI-P were calculated to assess dietary quality. Lower absolute values of the scores indicate higher adherence to the Chinese dietary guidelines. All participants underwent a 75 g of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Multiple linear regression and logistic regression were conducted. The Benjamini–Hochberg method was used to adjust multiple comparisons across DBI-P food components. The value of high bound score indicator, reflecting excessive total food intake, was positively associated with OGTT-2h glucose levels (β= 0·037,P= 0·029). After adjustment for multiple comparisons, the score of animal food intake was positively associated with OGTT-2 h glucose levels (β= 0·045,P= 0·045) and risk of GDM (OR = 1·105,P= 0·030). In conclusion, excessive total food intake was associated with higher postprandial glucose in pregnant women. Lower compliance with the dietary guideline for animal food was associated with both higher postprandial glucose and increased risk of GDM during pregnancy.
Metaphysical Foundationalism and the Principle of Sufficient Reason
Authors: Oberle Thomas 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThere is a ubiquitous claim in the grounding literature that metaphysical foundationalism violates the principle of sufficient reason (PSR) in virtue of positing a level of ungrounded facts. I argue that foundationalists can accept the PSR if they are willing to replace fundamentality as independence with completeness and deny that ground is a strict partial order. The upshot is that the PSR can be compatible with both metaphysical foundationalism and metaphysical infinitism, and so presupposing this fixed explanatory demand need not beg the question in favour of either view.
The Limits of Simulation for Understanding Mental Illness: Defending a Steinian Theory of Empathy
Authors: Molas Andrew 
Published: February 2023

AbstractI defend Edith Stein's theory of empathy as an alternative to simulation theories of empathy. Simulation theories of empathy involve using one's own cognitive resources to replicate the mental states of others by imagining being in their situation. I argue that this understanding of empathy is problematic within the context of mental healthcare because it can lead to the co-opting and assimilation of another person's experiences. In response, I maintain that Stein's theory is preferable because it involves appreciating others’ experiences as it is for them, and this alternative account of empathy avoids the assimilation of the experiences of others.
L'archéologie du regard chez Michel Foucault
Authors: Chamois Camille 
Published: February 2023

RésuméDans Naissance de la clinique, Michel Foucault développe une théorie de la socialisation de la perception sous le nom d’« archéologie du regard médical ». Selon ce modèle, le regard quotidien est conditionné par un code perceptif qui détermine à la fois les traits dignes d'attention et le sens qu'il faut leur attribuer — ce que Foucault nomme des « régimes de visibilité ». Foucault pense ainsi la structuration sociale de l'expérience perceptive comme le produit d'un a priori historique dont il tente de dessiner les contours. Le but de cet article est de décrire les intérêts et les difficultés d'un tel projet. Nous montrerons notamment que Foucault ne développe aucune réelle théorie de la perception, ce qui fragilise son modèle de deux manières : au niveau théorique, d'abord, celui-ci laisse de côté la question de la transformation du code perceptif mis en évidence ; au niveau empirique, ensuite, il n'est pas en mesure de rendre compte des ethnographies contemporaines de la pratique médicale.
The Ladinian–Carnian conodont fauna at Yize, Yunnan, southwestern China, with implications for conodont palaeoecology and palaeogeography
Authors: Zhang Zaitian , Sun Yadong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSubdivisions of Ladinian–Carnian boundary beds and the lower Carnian strata in South China are challenging owing to a paucity of west Tethyan ammonoids. We investigated a conodont fauna in a continuous section at Yize in eastern Yunnan Province to provide a biostratigraphic solution. Five genera and 24 conodont species are recognized, and five conodont zones are established. The zones are, in ascending order, theParagondolella inclinataZone, theQuadralella polygnathiformisZone, theQuadralella praelindaeZone, theQuadralella auriformisZone and theQuadralella robustaZone. The Ladinian–Carnian boundary is provisionally defined by the first occurrences ofQuadralella polygnathiformisandQuadralella intermediain the cherty limestone member of the Zhuganpo Formation. Regional correlations via conodont biostratigraphy indicate that the Zhuganpo Formation is probably diachronous, with a maximal range spanning the upper Ladinian to the lower Carnian. Amongst all common late Ladinian – early Carnian conodont genera,Paragondolella,QuadralellaandMazzaellaare probably cosmopolitan.Budurovignathuswas restricted to a few basins and probably preferred offshore or deep-water environments.
Contact force cancelation in robot impedance control by target impedance modification
Authors: Huang An-Chyau , Lee Kun-Ju , Du Wei-Lin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA force sensorless impedance controller is proposed in this paper for robot manipulators without using force estimators. From the observation of the impedance control law, the force feedback term can be canceled if the inertia matrix in the target impedance is the same as the robot inertia matrix. However, the inertia matrix in the target impedance is almost always a constant matrix, while the robot inertia matrix is a function of the robot configuration, and hence, they may not be identical in general. A modification of the coefficient matrix for the contact force term in the target impedance is suggested in this paper to enable cancelation of the force feedback term in the impedance control law so that a force sensorless impedance controller without using force estimators can be obtained. The tracking performance in the free space phase and the motion trajectory in the compliant motion phase of the new design are almost the same as those in the traditional impedance control. Modification of the inertia matrix in the target impedance will result in small variations of the contact force which is acceptable in practical applications. For robot manipulators containing uncertainties, an adaptive version of the new controller is also developed in this paper to give satisfactory performance without the need for force sensors. Rigorous mathematical justification in closed-loop stability is given in detail, and computer simulations are performed to verify the efficacy of the proposed design.
Effectiveness of psychodynamic treatment: Comparing trajectories of internalizing and externalizing psychopathology of adolescents in treatment, healthy and physically ill adolescents
Authors: Seiffge-Krenke Inge , Volz Matthias 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEffectiveness of psychodynamic therapy for adolescents in reducing internalizing and externalizing psychopathology was determined by comparing treated adolescents (86 sessions) with the normative developmental progression in two groups without treatment: healthy and diabetic adolescents. In a three-wave longitudinal study, n = 531 adolescents (n = 303 patients, n = 119 healthy, n = 109 diabetics) and their mothers filled out psychopathology questionnaires (Youth Self-Report and Child Behavior Checklist). Latent growth curve modeling and multilevel modeling were used to analyze and compare within-person symptoms changes across groups. Analyses showed a significant reduction over the course of treatment for internalizing (Cohen’s d = .90–.92) and externalizing (d = .58–.72) symptoms, also when the developmental progression of both control groups was accounted for (d = .48–.76). Mothers reported lower levels than their children in internalizing symptoms (p ≤ .01) while this discrepancy increased over time for treated adolescents (p = .02). Results established the effectiveness of psychodynamic treatment for adolescents both with externalizing and internalizing symptoms in comparison with growth and change in nonclinical samples. Cross-informant differences and age-specific trajectories require attention in psychotherapy treatment and research.
A rewriting coherence theorem with applications in homotopy type theory
Authors: Kraus Nicolai , von Raumer Jakob 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHigher-dimensional rewriting systems are tools to analyse the structure of formally reducing terms to normal forms, as well as comparing the different reduction paths that lead to those normal forms. This higher structure can be captured by finding a homotopy basis for the rewriting system. We show that the basic notions of confluence and wellfoundedness are sufficient to recursively build such a homotopy basis, with a construction reminiscent of an argument by Craig C. Squier. We then go on to translate this construction to the setting of homotopy type theory, where managing equalities between paths is important in order to construct functions which are coherent with respect to higher dimensions. Eventually, we apply the result to approximate a series of open questions in homotopy type theory, such as the characterisation of the homotopy groups of the free group on a set and the pushout of 1-types. This paper expands on our previous conference contribution Coherence via Wellfoundedness by laying out the construction in the language of higher-dimensional rewriting.
Plate Rotation of the Northern Antarctic Peninsula Since the Late Cretaceous: Implications for the Tectonic Evolution of the Scotia Sea Region
Authors: Gao Liang , Zhao Yue , Yang Zhenyu , Pei Junling , Zhang Shuan‐Hong , Liu Xiaochun , Tong Yabo , Liu Jian‐Min , Bastías Joaquin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPlate reconstructions provide basic constraints on the tectonic evolution of the Antarctic Peninsula but they are limited by a scarcity of paleomagnetic data. Here, using a combination of new and published paleomagnetic data and geological evidence, we present an updated reconstruction of the plate rotation and spatio‐temporal history of magmatism of the northern Antarctic Peninsula since ∼90 Ma. The Phoenix Plate‐Antarctic Peninsula convergence variation and back‐arc extension of the Scotia Plate are correlated to five distinct plate rotation periods. The initiation of the ancestral South Sandwich subduction zone and the late Paleocene separation between the Antarctic Peninsula and South America may be explained by the small‐ and large‐scale clockwise rotation of the Antarctic Peninsula starting at ∼80 and 62 Ma, respectively. Furthermore, we have identified five pulses of magmatism, which are correlated to the Phoenix Plate‐Antarctic Peninsula convergence rates. The Antarctic Peninsula plate rotation fits well with the process observed in the Phoenix Plate subduction, long‐term variation of the magmatism and tectonic evolution in the Scotia Sea, clarifying the relationship between these geological events.
Coastal Upwelling Under Anthropogenic Influence Drives the Community Change, Assembly Process, and Co‐Occurrence Pattern of Coral Associated Microorganisms
Authors: Zhu Wentao , Liu Xiangbo , Zhu Ming , Xia Jingquan , Chen Rouwen , Li Xiubao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSummer upwelling areas may serve as a thermal refuge for coral reefs under climate change, and the environmental adaptation of scleractinian coral to upwelling environments remains to be further understood. In this work, we systematically analyzed how the coral holobionts of Galaxea fascicularis respond to different environments between the Qiongdong upwelling and non‐upwelling regions. The presence of colder and more saline water was found in seasonal upwelling region east of Hainan Island. Compared with the corals in the non‐upwelling environment, the corals from the upwelling environment generally had higher Symbiodiniaceae density, tissue biomass, and protein content. Evident spatial differences existed in Symbiodiniaceae composition among different regions, and the corals in the upwelling region had remarkably higher symbiont diversity. Importantly, the coastal upwelling under anthropogenic influence (i.e., nutrient pollution and coastal development) shaped coral bacterial communities significantly and decreased their diversity. Local adaptations of coral to environmental changes can be inferred from the flexibility and ecological functions of the coral core microbiome. In particular, the coastal upwelling environment led assembly of coral‐associated bacteria more deterministic rather than stochastic. In the upwelling region, microbial co‐occurrences had more positive interactions but the ecological network structure had a lower stability. These findings deepen the understanding of the ecological impact of upwelling on coral adaptation in the Anthropocene.