bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reproductive outcomes after laparoscopic resection of symptomatic niches in uterine cesarean scars: Long‐term follow‐up on the prospective LAPNICHE study
Authors: Vissers Jolijn , Hehenkamp Wouter J. K. , Brölmann Hans A. M. , Lambalk Cornelis B. , Huirne Judith A. F. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionAfter incomplete healing of the uterine cesarean section scar, a niche can be observed; 24% of the women develop large niches with a residual myometrial thickness <3 mm. In these cases a laparoscopic resection is possible. The effect of this new treatment on fertility outcome is not known yet. This paper describes reproductive outcomes 2 years after a laparoscopic niche resection and compares women with or without secondary infertility at baseline.Material and methodsA prospective cohort study was performed, with consecutive inclusion of women between 2011 and 2019. Women with a niche in the uterine cesarean scar, with a residual myometrial thickness of <3 mm and with a desire to become pregnant, were scheduled to undergo a laparoscopic niche resection because of one or more of the following problems (1) postmenstrual spotting; (2) midcycle intrauterine fluid accumulation diagnosed during the fertility workup or (3) difficulties with a previous embryo transfer and preferring a surgical therapy. The study is registered in the ISRCTN register (ref. no. ISRCTN02271575) on April 23, 2013.ResultsThere were 133 (62%) women included with a desire to become pregnant, 88 with secondary infertility. In all, 83 had an ongoing pregnancy at the 2‐year follow‐up. The ongoing pregnancy rate in patients with previous fertility problems was 60.2% compared with 66.7% in patients without infertility (odds ratio [OR] 0.68, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.32–1.7). The OR for live births was 0.57 (95% CI 0.02–1.2). Overall, 8.3% of the pregnancies resulted in miscarriages by the 2‐year follow‐up.ConclusionsThe reproductive outcomes in women with and without previous fertility problems undergoing resection of a large niche are very promising and quite comparable in both groups. These results suggest, but do not prove, a beneficial effect of this therapy for these indications. The results support the design of future randomized controlled trials to evaluate the effect of niche resection vs expectant management to assess its additional value in women with or without fertility problems who desire pregnancy.
Short course of intravenous antibiotics in the treatment of uncomplicated proven neonatal bacterial sepsis: A systematic review
Authors: Aljarbou Alanoud , Cuello Carlos , Leslie Ana Teresa Figueiredo Stochero 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimTo evaluate the efficacy and harms of a short (7–10 days) compared with a standard (10–14 days) duration of antibiotics in culture‐proven neonatal sepsis for reducing all‐cause mortality, treatment failure and duration of hospitalisation.MethodsMedline, EMBASE and Cochrane CENTRAL were searched for randomised trials.ResultsWe included five studies, all conducted in India (447 infants with a gestational age greater than 32 weeks). Except for one study, all studies were at high risk of bias. All‐cause mortality was reported in three studies with only one death reported in the standard duration regimen arm (243 patients, very low certainty). A meta‐analysis showed no evidence of the effect on treatment failure (RR of 1.47 [95% CI 0.48–4.50], 440 patients, five studies, very low certainty) of short‐term antibiotics. Short‐term antibiotic regimen shortened the duration of hospitalisation by 4 days (mean difference of −4.04 days [95% CI −5.47 to −2.61]; 4 studies; 371 patients; very low certainty).ConclusionAmong studies focused on infants born with a gestational age greater than 32 weeks, short‐term administration of antibiotics may shorten the duration of hospitalisation, but the evidence is very uncertain. The evidence on other predefined outcomes is very uncertain to draw definite conclusions.
No card, no service: Challenges faced by vulnerable populations of a cashless society
Authors: Horne Dan , Collins M. Cary 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHow people pay is critically important to consumers and businesses alike. Many consumers are choosing to pay for goods and services from an increasing number of options. Tech‐savvy urbanites buy coffee by tapping their phone on a reader. Parents returning from a night out use peer‐to‐peer payment apps, such as Venmo, to pay the sitter. The recent explosion of financial innovations promises faster, more efficient, and cheaper transactions. These increasing digital payment options coincide with decreased number and volume of cash transactions. However, vulnerable populations face more constrained payment choices and often rely exclusively on cash. Without experience, devices, or acceptable credit histories, vulnerable populations may have little access to digital transactions. The advantages of falling digital costs and other benefits thus accrue to the digitally connected. At the same time, those who must transact in coins and paper money are likely to find their relative costs increasing. This paper highlights payment trends and the potential impact on vulnerable populations in the United States as we move toward a cashless society. This paper should stimulate discussions of public policy initiatives to mitigate digital payment issues for vulnerable people.
Effects of canopy connectivity on the arboreal ant community in coffee shade trees
Authors: Wildtruth fern , Perfecto Ivette 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCanopy connectivity influences foraging, movement, and competition in arboreal ant communities. Understanding how canopy connectivity affects arboreal ant communities could inform the development of management practices that maximize services from known biocontrol agents. We experimentally manipulated connectivity between the crowns of large shade trees to investigate the effects of canopy connectivity on arboreal ant species richness and composition in a coffee agroecosystem. A linear mixed‐effects analysis showed that the number of species observed at baits set in tree crowns increased significantly after the crowns had been connected with nylon ropes. Crowns that were connected increased in similarity of ant species composition, particularly between adjacent connected crowns. Connectivity may increase the number of species present in tree crowns by allowing ants to move and forage in the canopy while bypassing trunks with more aggressive, territorial species such as Azteca sericeasur. Because twig‐nesting species in the upper canopy have been shown to act as biocontrol agents of herbivores, an increase in species richness in tree crowns could have positive implications for agricultural pest‐control services.Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.
High levels of mercury contamination in a necrophage dung beetle of the Amazon rainforest (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)
Authors: Chaboteaux Elena , Lopera Toro Alejandro , Vega Claudia Maribel , Forsyth Adrian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study represents the first evidence of mercury contamination in the family Scarabaeidae, with a close focus on Coprophanaeus lancifer, the largest copro‐necrophagous beetle in South America. This work shows the repartition of total mercury (THg) in the insect body and lays the groundwork for additional future studies.Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.
Increased mitochondria are responsible for the acquisition of gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer cell lines
Authors: Masuo Hitoshi , Kubota Koji , Shimizu Akira , Notake Tsuyoshi , Miyazaki Satoru , Yoshizawa Takahiro , Sakai Hiroki , Hayashi Hikaru , Soejima Yuji 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma has a particularly poor prognosis as it is often detected at an advanced stage and acquires resistance to chemotherapy early during its course. Stress adaptations by mitochondria, such as metabolic plasticity and regulation of apoptosis, promote cancer cell survival; however, the relationship between mitochondrial dynamics and chemoresistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma remains unclear. We here established human pancreatic cancer cell lines resistant to gemcitabine from MIA PaCa‐2 and Panc1 cells. We compared the cells before and after the acquisition of gemcitabine resistance to investigate the mitochondrial dynamics and protein expression that contribute to this resistance. The mitochondrial number increased in gemcitabine‐resistant cells after resistance acquisition, accompanied by a decrease in mitochondrial fission 1 protein, which induces peripheral mitosis, leading to mitophagy. An increase in the number of mitochondria promoted oxidative phosphorylation and increased anti‐apoptotic protein expression. Additionally, enhanced oxidative phosphorylation decreased the AMP/ATP ratio and suppressed AMPK activity, resulting in the activation of the HSF1–heat shock protein pathway, which is required for environmental stress tolerance. Synergistic effects observed with BCL2 family or HSF1 inhibition in combination with gemcitabine suggested that the upregulated expression of apoptosis‐related proteins caused by the mitochondrial increase may contribute to gemcitabine resistance. The combination of gemcitabine with BCL2 or HSF1 inhibitors may represent a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of acquired gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Design, synthesis, and evaluation of the in vitro activity of novel dual inhibitors of XOR and URAT1 containing a benzoic acid group
Authors: Zhu Xin Ying , Chen Hong Ming , Zhang Lei , Qin Yu Xiang , Li Jing 
Published: September 2023

AbstractXanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) and uric acid transporter 1 (URAT1) are involved in the production and reabsorption of uric acid, respectively. However, the currently available individual XOR‐ or URAT1‐targeted drugs have limited efficacy. Thus, strategies for combining XOR inhibitors with uricosuric drugs have been developed. Previous virtual screening identified Compounds 1–5 as hits for the potential dual inhibition of XOR/URAT1. Nevertheless, in vitro experiments yielded unsatisfactory results. The first round of optimization work on those hits was performed, and two series of compounds were designed and synthesized. Compounds of the A series exerted moderate inhibitory effects on URAT1, but extremely weak inhibitory effects on XOR. Compounds of the B series exerted strong inhibitory effects on both XOR and URAT1. B5 exhibited the greatest inhibitory activity, with similar inhibitory effects on XOR and URAT1. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of XOR was 0.012 ± 0.001 μM, equivalent to that of febuxostat (IC50 = 0.010 ± 0.001 μM). The IC50 of URAT1 was 30.24 ± 3.46 μM, equivalent to that of benzbromarone (IC50 = 24.89 ± 7.53 μM). Through this optimization, the in vitro activity of most compounds of the A and B series against XOR and URAT1 was significantly improved versus that of the hits. Compound B5 should be further investigated.
Long term outcome and prognostic indicators in Posner Schlossman syndrome
Authors: Joseph Danica M. , Lim Lyndell L. , Samalia Priya D. , Wells Jane M. , McCluskey Peter J. , Paul Eldho , Hall Anthony J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundPosner Schlossman syndrome is a well‐defined uveitis entity that is characterised by relapsing remitting unilateral anterior uveitis with markedly raised intraocular pressure. The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for progression in patients with Posner Schlossman syndrome.MethodsNinety‐eight patients were enrolled in a retrospective case series. Progression was defined as a composite endpoint of any of development of permanent glaucoma (in patients with no evidence of glaucomatous loss on presentation), corneal failure, or chronic inflammation. Relapse was defined as a resolving episode of inflammation not meeting the criteria for progression.ResultsSeventy seven percent of patients relapsed on average each 2.2 years. Forty percent of patients progressed. On univariate analysis, increased age at enrolment, immunocompromise at enrolment, the presence of glaucomatous optic neuropathy at enrolment, the performance of an anterior chamber tap and a positive anterior chamber tap were all associated with increased risk of progression. On multivariate analysis, age at enrolment, immunocompromise at enrolment, the performance of an anterior chamber tap, and the presence of glaucomatous optic neuropathy at enrolment were independently associated with increased risk of disease progression.ConclusionsPosner Schlossman syndrome is not a benign uveitis entity and risk of both relapse and progression are high. Older patients, immunocompromised patients, patients with glaucomatous optic neuropathy at enrolment and those with a positive anterior chamber tap are all at increased risk of progression.
Spectrum of variants in a large Chinese Gitelman syndrome cohort
Authors: Mou Lijun , Tang Mengyue , Zhu Lina , Lin Wanbing , Gu Ying 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGitelman syndrome (GS) is caused by SLC12A3 biallelic variants. A previous study showed that large rearrangements (LRGs) of SLC12A3 accounted for the low sensitivity of genetic testing. However, a systematic screening for LRGs in Chinese GS patients is lacking. Massively parallel sequencing (MPS) and multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA) were performed to sequence the genomic DNA of patients with clinically diagnosed GS. Of 165 index cases, MPS identified 151 cases with two or more affected alleles and 14 cases with one variant allele. LRGs were detected by MLPA in 20 out of 27 cases, including 15 cases with suspected LRGs by MPS. Among these 20 cases with LRGs, the results of MPS and MLPA were identical in only 8 cases. Additional LRGs in 6 cases were detected by MLPA alone. In 6 cases, E4_E6del was identified by MPS, while E4_E5del and Intron6del were identified by MLPA. Among the 102 distinct variants, 30 are novel. LRGs were found in 20 cases (12.1%). LRGs were found in 12.1% of our Chinese GS patients cohort. We show that MPS and MLPA are two complementary techniques with the ability to improve the diagnostic yield of GS.
CD100 boosts the inflammatory response in the challenge phase of allergic contact dermatitis in mice
Authors: Mraz Veronika , Funch Anders B. , Jee Mia H. , Gadsbøll Anne‐Sofie Ø. , Weber Julie F. , Yeung Kelvin , Lohmann Rebecca K. D. , Hawkes Alana , Ødum Niels , Woetmann Anders , McKay Dianne , Witherden Deborah , Geisler Carsten , Bonefeld Charlotte M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundAllergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is an inflammatory disease with a complex pathophysiology in which epidermal‐resident memory CD8+ T (TRM) cells play a key role. The mechanisms involved in the activation of CD8+ TRM cells during allergic flare‐up responses are not understood.MethodsThe expression of CD100 and its ligand Plexin B2 on CD8+ TRM cells and keratinocytes before and after allergen exposure was determined by flow cytometry and RT‐qPCR. The role of CD100 in the inflammatory response during the challenge phase of ACD was determined in a model of ACD in CD100 knockout and wild‐type mice.ResultsWe show that CD8+ TRM cells express CD100 during homeostatic conditions and up‐regulate it following re‐exposure of allergen‐experienced skin to the experimental contact allergen 1‐fluoro‐2,4‐dinitrobenzene (DNFB). Furthermore, Plexin B2 is up‐regulated on keratinocytes following exposure to some contact allergens. We show that loss of CD100 results in a reduced inflammatory response to DNFB with impaired production of IFNγ, IL‐17A, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL5, and IL‐1β and decreased recruitment of neutrophils to the epidermis.ConclusionOur study demonstrates that CD100 is expressed on CD8+ TRM cells and is required for full activation of CD8+ TRM cells and the flare‐up response of ACD.
Trajectories and risk factors of fatigue following colorectal cancer diagnosis
Authors: Li Xiaoyin , Hoogland Aasha I. , Small Brent J. , Crowder Sylvia L. , Gonzalez Brian D. , Oswald Laura B. , Sleight Alix G. , Nguyen Nathalie , Lorona Nicole C. , Damerell Victoria , Komrokji Khaled R. , Mooney Kathi , Playdon Mary C. , Ulrich Cornelia M. , Li Christopher I. , Shibata David , Toriola Adetunji T. , Ose Jennifer , Peoples Anita R. , Siegel Erin M. , Bower Julienne E. , Schneider Martin , Gigic Biljana , Figueiredo Jane C. , Jim Heather S. L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimThis study sought to identify groups of colorectal cancer patients based upon trajectories of fatigue and examine how demographic, clinical and behavioural risk factors differentiate these groups.MethodPatients were from six cancer centres in the United States and Germany. Fatigue was measured using the fatigue subscale of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ‐C30) at five time points (baseline/enrolment and 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after diagnosis). Piecewise growth mixture models identified latent trajectories of fatigue. Logistic regression models examined differences in demographic, clinical and behavioural characteristics between fatigue trajectory groups.ResultsAmong 1615 participants (57% men, 86% non‐Hispanic White, mean age 61 ± 13 years at diagnosis), three distinct groups were identified. In the high fatigue group (36%), fatigue significantly increased in the first 6 months after diagnosis and then showed statistically and clinically significant improvement from 6 to 24 months (P values < 0.01). Throughout the study period, average fatigue met or exceeded cutoffs for clinical significance. In the moderate (34%) and low (30%) fatigue groups, fatigue levels remained below or near population norms across the study period. Patients who were diagnosed with Stage II−IV disease and/or current smokers were more likely to be in the high fatigue than in the moderate fatigue group (P values < 0.05).ConclusionA large proportion of colorectal cancer patients experienced sustained fatigue after initiation of cancer treatment. Patients with high fatigue at the time of diagnosis may benefit from early supportive care.
Factors associated with higher alcohol concentrations in emergency department presentations: PACE study
Authors: Cameron Cate M. , Vuong Kim , McWhinney Brett , Zournazi Anna , Manzanero Silvia , Warren Jacelle , Mitchell Gary , Vallmuur Kirsten , Howell Tegwen , Ungerer Jacobus P. J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe health impact from alcohol is of recognised concern, from acute intoxication as well as increased risk of chronic health issues over time. Identifying factors associated with higher alcohol consumption when presenting to the emergency department (ED) will inform public health policy and enable more targeted health care and appropriate referrals.MethodsSecondary testing of blood samples collected during routine clinical care of 1160 ED patients presenting to the Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital in Queensland, Australia, for 10 days between 22 January and 1 February 2021. Alcohol was measured by blood ethanol (intake in recent hours) and phosphatidylethanol (PEth; intake over 2–4 weeks). Zero‐inflated negative binomial regression was used to identify demographic and clinical factors associated with higher alcohol concentrations.ResultsMales were found to have 83% higher blood ethanol and 32% higher PEth concentrations than females (adjusted rate ratio [ARR] 1.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.37–2.45 and ARR 1.32, 95% CI 1.04–1.68, respectively). Blood ethanol concentrations were 3.4 times higher for those 18–44 years, compared to those aged 65+ (ARR 3.40, 95% CI 2.40–4.82) whereas PEth concentrations were found to be the highest in those aged 45–64 years, being 70% higher than those aged 65+ (ARR 1.70, 95% CI 1.19–2.44). Patients brought in involuntarily had eight‐times higher blood ethanol concentrations than those who self‐attended.Discussion and ConclusionsThis study used two alcohol markers to identify factors associated with higher alcohol concentrations in emergency presentations. The findings demonstrate how these biomarkers can provide informative data for public health responses and monitoring of alcohol use trends.
Perioperative Schmerztherapie bei dermatochirurgischen Eingriffen – aktuelle Praxis in Deutschland: Datenauswertung einer deutschlandweiten Online‐Umfrage unter Dermatochirurgen
Authors: Gschnell Martin , Volberg Christian , Eubel Verena , Pfützner Wolfgang 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungHintergrundAdäquate Schmerztherapie sollte bei operativen Eingriffen zum regelhaften Behandlungskonzept gehören. In der Dermatochirurgie gibt es hierzu jedoch kaum Daten, wie am besten vorgegangen werden sollte. In einer standardisierten Online‐Umfrage unter in Deutschland tätigen Dermatochirurgen wurde die gängige Praxis der perioperativen Schmerztherapie bei dermotochirurgischen Eingriffen erhoben.MethodikMitglieder der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Dermatochirurgie (DGDC) sowie Leiter dermatochirurgischer Abteilungen wurden um Teilnahme gebeten. Fragen bezogen sich auf praktische Umsetzung des perioperativen Schmerzmanagements, Schmerzdokumentation und persönliche Informationsquellen zum Themenkomplex.Ergebnisse116 Fragebögen konnten ausgewertet werden. Während prophylaktische Analgesie kaum angewandt wird, berichtet die überwiegende Mehrzahl (86%), eine postoperative Bedarfsmedikation einzusetzen. Feste Therapieregime existieren mehrheitlich nicht. Zumeist werden NSAR und gelegentlich niedrigpotente Opioide verwendet. Schmerzen werden von der Mehrzahl (59,1%) als Freitext dokumentiert. Die größte Bedeutung beim schmerztherapeutischen Management besitzen persönliche Erfahrungswerte (69%) und hausinterne Standards (51%). Die Nutzung von Leitlinien (25%) spielt eine untergeordnete Rolle.SchlussfolgerungenPerioperatives Schmerzmanagement in der Dermatochirurgie ist stark von persönlichen Erfahrungswerten geprägt und kann je nach durchgeführtem Eingriff unterschiedlich ausfallen. Konsensbasierte standardisierte Empfehlungen hierfür fehlen. Für eine suffiziente perioperative Analgesie ist die Entwicklung bedarfsorientierter Schmerzkonzepte wünschenswert. Dafür bedarf es prospektiver Studien, die das spezielle Patientenklientel und operative Vorgehen in der Dermatologie berücksichtigen.
Assessment of local officials and government‐initiated CSR: Evidence from targeted poverty alleviation in China
Authors: Huang Yujing , Li Xiujuan , Yu Minggui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper explores whether the assessment of local government officials affects firm participation in targeted poverty alleviation. Using a sample of Chinese A‐share listed companies in the Midwest from 2016 to 2019, the results show that the greater the importance of officials' poverty alleviation assessment, the higher the participation of firms in precise poverty alleviation. State‐owned enterprises (SOEs) contribute more to the reduction of destitution than private enterprises. We further find that local SOEs' participation in precision poverty alleviation enhances the likelihood of executive promotion, while private enterprises' participation in precision poverty alleviation increases government subsidies and reduces the cost of debt financing. These findings imply that the evaluation mechanisms of Chinese officials can effectively promote enterprises fulfilling social responsibilities.