bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adjuvant antihormonal treatment in breast cancer. Understanding how poor adherence affects survival
Authors: Dragvoll Ida , Bofin Anna Mary , Søiland Håvard , Salvesen Øyvind , Engstrøm Monica Jernberg 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Adherence to antihormonal treatment is known to be suboptimal. The beneficial effects of antihormonal treatment are well documented. We investigate how poor adherence affects survival.
Methods
This single-centre retrospective cohort study included 1176 patients diagnosed with breast cancer from 2004-2013. These patients were all prescribed antihormonal treatment as part of their adjuvant treatment regimen. Adherence was calculated based on the medical possession ratio (MPR) where patients were defined as adherent if they reached a MPR ≥80%. Non-adherent patients were further subclassified into secondary non-adherent (SNA) where MPR measured 0.1-80% or primary non-adherent (PNA) where MPR was zero.
Results
A total of 24.4% (287) of the patients were non-adherent. Secondary non-adherent patients had poorer breast cancer specific survival (hazard ratio [HR] 3.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.12-4.36) compared to adherent patients. Primary non-adherent patients had better breast cancer specific survival compared to adherent patients (HR 0.27, 95% CI 0.10-0.75).
Conclusion
Subdividing non-adherent patients into primary non-adherent or secondary non-adherent provides valuable insight into how different adherence-behaviours affect survival. Based on the favourable survival rates of the low-risk primary non-adherent patients, we suggest that some low-risk patients currently are being overtreated with antihormonal treatment.
Influencing Factors of Lung Shunt Fraction in Transarterial Radioembolization Treatment
Authors: Kovan Bilal , Civan Caner , Işık Emine Göknur , Şimşek Duygu Has , Özkan Zeynep Gözde , Büyükkaya Fikret , Şanlı Yasemin , Demir Bayram , Kuyumcu Serkan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
We aimed to evaluate the influencing factors of lung shunt fraction(LSF) in patients who underwent transarterial radioembolization treatment.
Methods
We enrolled 105 patients who had either primary or metastatic liver disease. Planar and SPECT/CT images were obtained after intraarterial injection of 99mTc-MAA to measure LSF. Planar-based LSFs(LSFplanar), calculated as the arythmetic mean(LSFAM) and geometric mean(LSFGM), were compared to LSFSPECT/CT. Subgroup analyses were conducted to assess the impact of scattering and spillover effects in patients with target lesions located near lung. Both lungs were segmented into lower, middle and upper sections(RL,RM,RU,LL,LM,LU). For control group, ten patients with normal lung perfusion scintigraphy were included.
Results
The mean of LSFSPECT/CT was significantly lower than the mean of LSFGM(6.5 ± 4.1 vs 13.9 ± 8.4, p = < 0.001) and the mean of LSFAM(13.5 ± 8.4%, p = < 0.001). LSFplanar methods overestimated LSF compared to LSFSPECT/CT. LSFGM divided by 2.3 can provide more accurate estimated LSF similar to LSFSPECT/CT. In subgroup analyses, we found that mean values of RL/RU, RM/RU, LL/LU and LM/LU were 9.3 ± 7.4, 2.2 ± 1.2; 1.2 ± 0.4, and 1.2 ± 0.2, respectively. In control group, mean values of RL/RU, RM/RU, LL/LU and LM/LU were within a range of 0.9–1.1.
Conclusion
LSFSPECT/CT with attenuation correction can provide more accurate results compared to LSFplanar before TARE treatment. In patients who had liver lesions located adjacent to lung, the possible miscalculation of LSFSPECT/CT from scattering and spillover effect could be eliminated by exclusion of 3 cm diameter from inferior border of the right lung.
Prerequisites for infection prevention interventions during the intraoperative phase from the perspective of operating room nurses, An integrative review
Authors: Markström Ida , Bjerså Kristofer , Lindström Margareta Bachrach- , Frisman Gunilla Hollman , Falk-Brynhildsen Karin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Surgical site infections pose a significant threat to patient safety, causing morbidity and mortality. Preventing surgical site infections through infection prevention interventions during surgery is crucial in limiting the risk of contamination from environmental microorganisms or skin flora. In many countries, operating room nurses are responsible for the aseptic environment and the performing of preventive interventions during the intraoperative phase. For patient safety, optimal prerequisites should be present for the operating room nurses’ performance of infection prevention interventions. This integrative review was conducted to explore the prerequisites for operating room nurses to effectively carry out infection prevention interventions during the intraoperative phase.
Method
Whittemore and Knafl´s review method guided this integrative review. The search strategy includes multiple academic databases, backward and forward chaining, and targeted internet searches. The constant comparative method was used to analyse and synthesise data from 17 studies.
Results
This review identified several key factors that affect operating room nurses' ability to perform safe infection prevention interventions. These factors included intrapersonal prerequisites of the operating room nurses, interpersonal prerequisites within the operating room team, external conditions, and both facilitating prerequisites and barriers to implementing evidence-based practice. The intrapersonal category emerges from the subcategories: have control, planning ahead, competency, and occupational stress. The interpersonal category originates from the subcategories: cooperative behaviour and respect. The conditions category emerges from the subcategories: management and communication systems. The evidence-based practice category includes prerequisites for the use of scientific evidence.
Conclusions
This study highlights the need to improve the prerequisites to effectively execute safe preventive infection interventions. The team's lack of commitment to preventing surgical site infections raises concerns for patient safety and leaves operating room nurses feeling disrespected. Operating room nurses should assume leadership responsibilities and be supported by management, with access to necessary prerequisites such as information, education, and sufficient time for preparation and implementation. Regular feedback on infection rates and complications is crucial. The study highlights the significance of well-staffed and familiar teams and the urgency of zero tolerance for abusive behaviour. Resilience is essential for operating room nurses' well-being and optimal patient care.
Anchor Clustering for million-scale immune repertoire sequencing data
Authors: Chang Haiyang , Ashlock Daniel A. , Graether Steffen P. , Keller Stefan M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The clustering of immune repertoire data is challenging due to the computational costs associated with a very large number of pairwise sequence comparisons. To overcome this limitation, we developed Anchor Clustering, an unsupervised clustering method designed to identify similar sequences from millions of antigen receptor gene sequences. First, a Point Packing algorithm is used to identify a set of maximally spaced anchor sequences. Then, the genetic distance of the remaining sequences to all anchor sequences is calculated and transformed into distance vectors. Finally, sequences are clustered using unsupervised clustering. This process is repeated iteratively until the resulting clusters are small enough so that pairwise distance comparisons can be made.
Results
Our results demonstrate that Anchor Clustering is faster than existing pairwise comparison clustering methods while providing similar clustering quality. With its flexible, memory-saving strategy, Anchor Clustering is capable of clustering millions of antigen receptor gene sequences in just a few minutes.
Conclusions
This method enables the meta-analysis of immune-repertoire data from different studies and could contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the immune repertoire data space.
A Case of Biliary Fistula Diagnosed by Sonazoid-enhanced Ultrasonography
Authors: Lei Zhang , Xiaojun Han 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Our study presents a clinical case encompassing a 69-year-old female patient who received radiotherapy as a therapeutic intervention for an unresectable malignancy affecting the pancreas. Subsequent to an incident involving the dislodgement of the Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiography and Drainage (PTCD) tube during the patient's hospitalization, a successful ultrasonography-guided PTCD procedure was performed. Moreover, Sonazoid-enhanced ultrasonography, facilitated through the PTCD tube, was employed to ascertain the presence of a biliary fistula. The fistula was ultimately remedied through the timely implementation of ultrasound-guided abdominal drainage.
Conclusion: Sonazoid contrast-enhanced ultrasonic cholangiography conducted via a PTCD tube offers a convenient and secure modality for visualizing parameters such as fistula length, fistula width, and fractional flow.
Influence of inoculum to substrate ratio and substrates mixing ratio on biogas production from the anaerobic co-digestion of Phragmites australis and food waste
Authors: Al-Iraqi Ahmed Riyadh , Semple Kirk T. , Folkard Andrew M. , Barker Philip A. , Gandhi Bhushan P. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

This study focused on determining the effect of the inoculum to substrate ratio (ISR) on biogas production efficiency from the anaerobic co-digestion of two substrates: simulated food waste (SFW) and common reeds (Phragmites australis) that were ground and pre-treated using sodium hydroxide at a concentration of 2% to increase access to their cellulose. It also studied the role of different mixing ratios of the two substrates in improving the stability of the digestion process and increasing biogas production. A series of batch tests were carried out under mesophilic conditions using three ratios of ISR: 1:4, 1:2, and 1:1, and five substrate mixing ratios (SFW: pre-treated P. australis): 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, 100:0, and 0:100. The results showed low biogas production at the ISR 1:4, and the reactors suffered from acidification and instability at the different substrates mixing ratios. While the biogas production increased at an ISR of 1:2, where the reactors with the substrate mixing ratio of 75:25 presented the highest biogas production, and the digestion process was stable. However, the reactors with substrate mixing ratios of 50:50, 75:25 and 100:0 suffered from acidification effects at this ISR. In contrast, at ISR of 1:1, the reactors did not expose to acidification inhibition at all the substrates mixing ratios, and the highest biogas production was found at SFW: pre-treated P. australis mixing ratios of 75:25 and 100:0.
High Diet Quality Indices Associated with Lower Risk of Lipid Profile Abnormalities in Taiwanese Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Lin I-Hsin , Duong Tuyen , Nien Shih-Wei , Tseng I-Hsin , Wu Yi-Ming , Chiang Yang-Jen , Wang Hsu-Han , Chiang Chia-Yu , Wang Ming-Hsu , Chiu Chia-hui , Lin Ying-Tsen , Wong Te-Chih 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors seem to be linked with deteriorated graft function and persists as the major cause of mortality in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). Diet quality is associated with CVD prevention in the healthy population, however, less study focuses on KTRs. The study aimed to determine the association between diet quality indices and lipid profile abnormalities as risk factors for CVD in KTRs.
Methods. This prospective study enrolled 106 KTRs who had functioning allografts from September 2016. Lipid profiles included low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) and were based on the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III recommendations. Three-day dietary data were collected by a well-trained registered dietitian. The Alternative Healthy Eating Index-Taiwan (AHEI-Taiwan), Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), and Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) scores were calculated and divided into quartiles and compared accordingly.
Results. KTRs’ mean LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, and TG levels were 119.8 ± 36.6 mg/dL, 52.0 ± 17.9 mg/dL, 205.8 ± 43.9 mg/dL, and 160.2 ± 121.6 mg/dL, respectively. Compared with the lowest quartile, only the highest quartile of AHEI-Taiwan had lower TC and LDL-C levels. After adjustment for age, gender, energy, Charlson comorbidity index, transplant duration, and dialysis duration, logistic regression analysis revealed that the highest quartile of AHEI-Taiwan had 82% (odds ratio [OR], 0.18; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.04–0.72, p < 0.05) lower odds of high TC and 88% (OR, 0.12; 95% CI, 0.03–0.58, p < 0.05) lower odds of high LDL-C, and the highest quartile of HEI-2015 had 77% (OR, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.05–0.95, p < 0.05) lower odds of high LDL-C.
Conclusion. Higher adherence to a healthy diet as per AHEI-Taiwan and HEI-2015 guidelines associated with lower risk of lipid profile abnormalities in KTRs, thus decreasing CVD risk.
A mathematically rigorous algorithm to define, compute and assess relevance of the probable dissociation constant for every reaction of a constrained biochemical network
Authors: Kundu Siddhartha 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Metabolism is a combination of enzymatic- and non-enzymatic interactions of several macro- and small-molecules and occurs via biochemical networks. Here, we present a mathematically rigorous algorithm to define, compute and assess relevance of the probable dissociation constant for every reaction of a constrained biochemical network. A reaction outcome is forward, reverse or equivalent, and is computed directly from the null space generated subspace of a stoichiometric number matrix of the reactants/products and reactions of the modelled biochemical network. This is accomplished by iteratively and recursively populating a reaction-specific sequence vector with the combinatorial sums of all unique and non-trivial vectors that span each null space generated subspace. After a finite number of iterations the terms of this reaction-specific sequence vector will diverge and belong to the open intervals \(\left(1,\infty \right)\) and/or \(\left(-\infty ,-1\right)\). Statistical and mathematical descriptors (mean, standard deviation, bounds, linear maps, vector norms, tests of convergence) are used to select and bin terms from the reaction-specific sequence vector into distinct subsets for all three predicted outcomes of a reaction. The terms of each outcome-specific subset are summed, mapped to the open interval \(\left(0,\infty \right)\) and used to populate a reaction-specific outcome vector. The p1-norm of this vector is numerically equal to the probable disassociation constant for that reaction. These steps are continued until every reaction of a modelled network is unambiguously annotated. Numerical studies to ascertain the relevance and suitability of the probable dissociation constant as a parameter are accomplished by characterizing a constrained biochemical network of aerobic glycolysis. This is implemented by the R-package “ReDirection” which is freely available and accessible at the comprehensive R archive network (CRAN) with the URL (https://cran.r-project.org/package=ReDirection).
Chlorphenamine Adsorption on Commercial Activated Carbons: Effect of Operating Conditions and Surface Chemistry
Authors: Martinez-Espinoza Jesus Alberto , Leyva-Ramos Roberto , Medina Dora Iliana , Aragón-Piña Antonio , Villela-Martinez Diana Elizabeth , Carrales-Alvarado Damarys Haidee 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Chlorphenamine (CPA) adsorption onto three activated carbons (ACs), namely, Megapol M (MM), Micro 10 (M10), and GAMA B (GB), was studied in this work. The textural properties, concentrations of active sites, surface charge and point of zero charge of the ACs were assessed. The surface areas (SBET) of MM, GB and M10 were 1107, 812 and 766 m2/g, respectively. The MM surface character was acidic, whereas the surfaces of M10 and GB presented a basic character. The adsorption capacity of MM, M10, and GB towards CPA was studied at pH 7 and 11, and the adsorption capacity decreased in the order MM > M10 ≈ GB, and this trend was ascribed to the magnitude of SBET and the concentration of acidic sites. The solution pH significantly increased the CPA adsorption capacity of MM by raising the solution pH from 5 to 9, and this behavior was attributed to the electrostatic attraction between the negatively charged surface of MM and the cationic species of CPA. The maximum uptake of CPA adsorbed on MM was 574.6 mg/g at pH = 11 and T = 25°C. The adsorption capacity of MM was slightly raised by incrementing the temperature. Lastly, the zeta potential measurements of pristine MM and MM saturated with CPA confirmed that the electrostatic attraction predominated in the pH range of 5–9, and the π-π stacking interactions were the principal mechanism of CPA adsorption on MM at pH 11.
Association of muscle strength and physical performance with the health-related quality of life of women with breast cancer
Authors: Vieira Mariana de Souza , Mamede Vanusa Felício de Souza , Bernabé Rayne de Almeida Marques , Santos Thalita Gonçalves , Silva Larissa Leopoldino da , Machado Janine Martins , Marques-Rocha Jose Luiz , Guandalini Valdete Regina 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the association of sarcopenia components with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and its domains in women with breast cancer.
Methods
Cross-sectional study on women (30 to 80 years old) with breast cancer, with diagnosis time ≤ 12 months, without metastasis, who had not been treated for another malignancy, and without recurrences. Muscle strength, muscle mass, and physical performance were investigated by handgrip strength (HGS), appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMMI), and Timed Up-and-Go test (TUGT), respectively. HRQoL and its domains were assessed using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality-of-Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) and Breast Cancer-specific Core 23 (EORTC QLQ-BR23) instruments. Multiple linear regression models were conducted to verify the association between exposure and outcome variables. The significance level adopted was 5%.
Results
The final sample consisted of 114 women with a mean age of 55.2 ± 11.3 years. Of these, 65.8% declared themselves to be black or brown, 43.9% and 73.7% did not consume alcohol or smoke, respectively, and 70.2% were insufficiently active. For the EORTC QLQ-C30, HGS was associated with cognitive function (p = 0.047) and appetite loss (p = 0.012), while TUGT was associated with overall health (p = 0.005) and functional scale (p = 0.002). HGS and TUGT were associated with the breast cancer-specific symptoms scale (p = 0.017 and p = 0.008, respectively) of the EORTC QLQ-BR23.
Conclusion
Muscle strength and physical performance are associated with HRQoL domains in women with breast cancer.
Effects of doxycycline on atrial electrical remodeling in a rat model of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Zhang Kai , Ma Jingxia , Ma Zuowang , Yang Yu , Li Guangping 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Previous studies showed that doxycycline (Dox), a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor, can attenuate chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH)-induced atrial fibrosis in our rats. On this basis, we further investigated the effects of Dox on CIH-induced atrial electrical remodeling in rats.
Methods
Rats were randomized into 3 groups: Control group, CIH group, and CIH with Dox treatment (CIH-D) group (n = 30). CIH and CIH-D rats were subjected to CIH 8 h/d for 6 weeks. After collecting the basic parameters of the rats, atrial fibrillation (AF) inducibility, conduction inhomogeneity, and epicardial conduction velocity were examined by vitro cardiac electrophysiology experiments. The expression levels of ion channel subunits in atrium were detected by Western blotting. Whole-cell patch clamp experiments were used to recorded action potential (AP), INa, ICa−L, Ito, and the kinetic parameters.
Results
Compared to the Control rats, CIH rats showed increased AF inducibility, conduction inhomogeneity, and expression levels of p-RyR2, p-CaMKII, Kv11.1, Kir2.3, KCa3.1, while the epicardial conduction velocity, ICa−L, Ito, and expression levels of Cav1.2, Kv1.5, Kv4.3 were decreased. Dox-treatment significantly improved the expression levels of Kv1.5, Kv4.3 and Kir2.3 in CIH-D rats.
Conclusion
CIH caused atrial electrical remodeling in our rats, which was improved by Dox treatment. These changes indicated the potential effects of Dox in AF.
Lightning Cat: A Deep Learning-based Solution for Smart Contracts Vulnerability Detection
Authors: Tang Xueyan , Du Yuying , Lai Alan , Zhang Ze , Shi Lingzhi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper aims to explore the application of deep learning in smart contract vulnerabilities detection. Smart contracts are an essential part of blockchain technology and are crucial for developing decentralized applications. However, smart contract vulnerabilities can cause financial losses and system crashes. Static analysis tools are frequently used to detect vulnerabilities in smart contracts, but they often result in false positives and false negatives because of their high reliance on predefined rules and lack of semantic analysis capabilities. Furthermore, these predefined rules quickly become obsolete and fail to adapt or generalize to new data. In contrast, deep learning methods do not require predefined detection rules and can learn the features of vulnerabilities during the training process.In this paper, we introduce a solution called Lighting Cat which is based on deep learning techniques. We trained three deep learning models for detecting vulnerabilities in smart contract: Optimized-CodeBERT, Optimized-LSTM, and Optimized-CNN. To precisely extract vulnerability features, we acquired segments of vulnerable code functions to retain critical vulnerability features. Using the CodeBERT pre-training model for data preprocessing, we could capture the syntax and semantics of the code more accurately, thereby enhancing the performance of vulnerabilities detection. This is particularly significant in the inspection of Solidity Code.To demonstrate the feasibility of our proposed solution, we evaluated its performance using the SolidiFI-benchmark dataset, which consists of 9369 vulnerable contracts injected with vulnerabilities from seven different types. Experimental results showed that, among the Lighting Cat we proposed, Optimized-CodeBERT model surpassed other methods, achieving an f1-score of 93.53%.
Spatially resolved dynamic longitudinal relaxometry in single-sided NMR
Authors: Milana Franco A. , Velasco Manuel I. , Monti Gustavo A. , Acosta Rodolfo H. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Relaxation in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), both transverse and longitudinal, provide information on microscopic features of a wide variety of systems and may be used to monitor dynamic processes such as cementation, chemical reactions, gelatinization, and evaporation. Dynamic relaxometry, in combination with spatial resolution, is a useful technique that provides deep insight into complex systems evolution. In this work, we explore the range of applicability of single-sided NMR to determine the evaporation kinetics of fluid from porous media. We show that, due to technical experimental restrictions, the determination of the time-dependent amount of fluid in different voids as a function of the position is in general not feasible with transverse relaxation experiments. However, as opposed to common intuition, longitudinal relaxation experiments provide reliable and fast acquisition, compatible with the requirements needed to monitor a water evaporation process from a model oil-reservoir rock sample.