bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Materials, Device Structures, and Applications of Flexible Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Jang Jae Hong , Li Shi , Kim Dae‐Hyeong , Yang Jiwoong , Choi Moon Kee 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe flexible type of displays, which can alter their shape freely (e.g., bendable or foldable displays) according to situational demands, is under an intense spotlight due to applications in human‐friendly mobile electronics. Among various types of light‐emitting diodes (LEDs), meanwhile, perovskite‐based LEDs (PeLEDs) have garnered particular attention in recent years as next‐generation optoelectronic devices due to their exceptional optical characteristics, such as high efficiency (up to theoretical limits), high color purity, wide color gamut over the entire visible range, and ultrathin form factor. By integrating perovskite materials on an ultrathin flexible substrate with a proper encapsulation layer, the flexible PeLEDs, which can conform to various curved surfaces and be stably operated in an ambient condition, have been developed. Here, recent advances of the flexible PeLEDs are reviewed. First, light‐emitting materials and device structures for the PeLEDs are introduced. Then, research progress on the flexible PeLEDs, either with and without the encapsulation layer are summarized. Next, some representative application examples of the flexible PeLEDs are briefly discussed. Finally, this review includes a brief discussion on future prospects.
Thermal Stability and Outgassing Behaviors of High‐nickel Cathodes in Lithium‐ion Batteries
Authors: Cui Zehao , Manthiram Arumugam 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLiNiO2‐based high‐nickel layered oxide cathodes are regarded as promising cathode materials for high‐energy‐density automotive lithium batteries. Most of the attention thus far has been paid towards addressing their surface and structural instability issues brought by the increase of Ni content (>90 %) with an aim to enhance the cycle stability. However, the poor safety performance remains an intractable problem for their commercialization in the market, yet it has not received appropriate attention. In this review, we focus on the gas generation and thermal degradation behaviors of high‐Ni cathodes, which are critical factors in determining their overall safety performance. A comprehensive overview of the mechanisms of outgassing and thermal runaway reactions is presented and analyzed from a chemistry perspective. Finally, we discuss the challenges and the insights into developing robust, safe high‐Ni cathodes.
Anthracene‐Porphyrin Nanoribbons
Authors: Zhu He , Chen Qiang , Rončević Igor , Christensen Kirsten E. , Anderson Harry L. 
Published: June 2023

Abstractπ‐Conjugated nanoribbons attract interest because of their unusual electronic structures and charge‐transport behavior. Here, we report the synthesis of a series of fully edge‐fused porphyrin‐anthracene oligomeric ribbons (dimer and trimer), together with a computational study of the corresponding infinite polymer. The porphyrin dimer and trimer were synthesized in high yield, via oxidative cyclodehydrogenation of singly linked precursors, using 2,3‐dichloro‐5,6‐dicyano‐1,4‐benzoquinone (DDQ) and trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (TfOH). The crystal structure of the dimer shows that the central π‐system is flat, with a slight S‐shaped wave distortion at each porphyrin terminal. The extended π‐conjugation causes a dramatic red‐shift in the absorption spectra: the absorption maxima of the fused dimer and trimer appear at 1188 nm and 1642 nm, respectively (for the nickel complexes dissolved in toluene). The coordinated metal in the dimer was changed from Ni to Mg, using p‐tolylmagnesium bromide, providing access to free‐base and Zn complexes. These results open a versatile avenue to longer π‐conjugated nanoribbons with integrated metalloporphyrin units.
Characteristics of Nepartak (2021), a subtropical cyclone controlled by an upper‐tropospheric cutoff low
Authors: Irie Kenta , Takemi Tetsuya 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the structural and track change of cyclone Nepartak occurred over the western North Pacific in July 2021, a cyclone appeared at the surface level, using ERA5 data, focusing on the relationship with an upper‐tropospheric cutoff low (COL). The COL was shown to dominate the structural change of Nepartak which developed as a subtropical cyclone with a hybrid structure. As the surface cyclone approached the COL, it was overlapped by the COL and became a cyclone with a two‐storied structure, resulting in its abrupt track change. An analysis of the potential vorticity (PV) tendency showed that the movement of Nepartak toward the COL ceased because of the counter‐balance of the horizontal/vertical PV advection with the PV anomaly generated by diabatic heating, whereas the surface cyclone northward motion was primarily due to the horizontal PV advection associated with the COL. Nepartak is a case in which changes in the structure and track of a cyclone are controlled by a COL.
3D Carbon Coating Enabled High‐capacity and Stable Micro‐sized Silicon Suboxide‐graphite Blended Anodes for Practical Lithium‐ion Batteries
Authors: Ma Fei , Li Yingbo , Liu Bin , Wu Jingkun , Wu Yuhu , Lu Jun , Zhong Cheng , Hu Wenbin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSilicon oxide (SiOx) is a promising anode candidate of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) owing to its extremely high specific capacity. However, the low initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) and rapid capacity degradation of SiOx, triggered by the enormous volume variation upon repeated (de)lithiation, gravely hinder its practical use. Herein, two mass‐produced micro‐sized SiOx@C composites with obviously different morphologies for commercial LIBs are reported. Particularly, the SiOx‐graphite blended anode (SiOx@3D‐G‐Gr) based on SiOx wrapped by three‐dimensional (3D) carbon layers (SiOx@3D‐G) exhibits a capacity of 519 mAh g−1, an ICE of 90.0 % and a capacity retention of 83.4 % at 0.2 C over 100 cycles. which is far exceeding its counterpart SiOx@C‐H‐Gr (65.7 %). The obtained impressive properties of SiOx@3D‐G originate from the critical contribution of 3D carbon layers, which serves as the effective stress buffer and protective layer as well as the strong networks for electron/Li+ transport. Accordingly, the full‐cell based on SiOx@3D‐G‐Gr anode and commercial LiCoO2 cathode delivers a capacity of 803 mAh and an excellent capacity retention of 95.6 % (616 mAh, 96.6 % for graphite, respectively) at 1 C over 100 cycles with a stabilized CE of nearly 100 %. The micro‐sized SiOx@3D‐G showing a promising prospect in the commercial‐grade anodes in LIBs.
Unlocking the potential of women in a male dominated society: Key challenges and solutions in integrating women in digital economic activities
Authors: Islam Md Asadul , Hossain Md Shahadat , Pullen Emma , Rahman Mahfuzur 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to explore the challenges faced by women in participating in digital economic activities in Bangladesh and explore solutions to the challenges encountered by women while engaging in digital economic activities in Bangladesh. A qualitative approach was employed with 16 women directly involved in digital economic activities and research interviewed. These interviews provided rich qualitative data and outlined some challenges and possible solutions to promote women's engagement in the digital economy in Bangladesh. Key challenges identified were a lack of technological knowledge and interest, higher costs and inflation, higher interest rates on loans, a complicated loans process, male domination, lower government support, and few digital educational programs. Solutions proposed included: training and development programs, increased seminars and symposiums, more government funding, interest‐free loans, a simple loan process, technological education, as well as the establishment of childcare centers. Henceforth, the current offers theoretical and practical implications.
Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Action Mechanism Study of New Mitochondria‐Targeted Curcumin Derivative as Potential Antitumor Drugs
Authors: Lu Zhuhang , Gao Ziwei , Song Haoying , Zhou Ying , Yuan Wei , Wang Xuelian , Zhang Luxi , Hong Yi , Meng Yan , Hu Junjie , Zheng Guohua , Chang Cong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMitochondria have emerged as important targets in cancer therapy due to their key role in regulating energy supply, maintaining redox homeostasis, and intrinsic apoptosis. Curcumin (CUR) has shown promise in inhibiting the proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells by inducing apoptosis and arresting cell cycle. However, the clinical application of CUR has been limited by its low stability and poor tumor selectivity. To address these issues, the novel mitochondria‐targeted curcumin derivatives were synthesized through the unilateral coupling (CUR‐T) or bilateral coupling (CUR‐2T) of curcumin's phenolic hydroxy groups with triphenyl phosphorus via ester bond. The aim was to achieve better stability, higher tumor selectivity, and stronger curative efficacy. The results of stability and biological experiments indicated that both stability and cytotoxicity were arranged in descending order of CUR‐2T>CUR‐T>CUR. In ovarian cancer cells (A2780 cells), CUR‐2T showed well‐defined preferential selectivity towards cancer cells and exhibited efficient anticancer efficacy due to its superior mitochondria accumulation ability. Subsequently, the mitochondrial redox balance was disrupted, accompanied by increased ROS levels, decreased ATP levels, dissipated MMP, and increased G0/G1 phase arrest, leading to a higher apoptotic rate. In summary, the results of this study suggest that CUR‐2T holds substantial promise for further development as a potential agent for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
Regiospecific Reduction of 4,6‐Dinitrobenzimidazoles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Evaluation
Authors: Abouelhaoul El Alami , El Kihel Abdellatif , Ahbala Mustapha , Sdassi Hamid , Köhler Leonhard H. F. , Bauchat Patrick , Roisnel Thierry , Khan Tariq A. , Al Nasr Ibrahim S. , Koko Waleed S. , Schobert Rainer , Biersack Bernhard 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe regiospecific reduction of 4,6‐dinitrobenzimidazole derivatives leading to the corresponding 4‐amino‐6‐nitrobenzimidazoles was studied. The identification of the formed product structures was accomplished by spectroscopic and X‐ray diffraction data. The anticancer and antiparasitic activities of the synthesized compounds were examined, and promising activities againstToxoplasma gondiiandLeishmania majorparasites were discovered for certain 4,6‐dinitrobenzimidazoles in addition to moderate anticancer activities of the 4‐amino‐6‐nitrobenzimidazole derivatives againstT. gondiicells. However, the tumor cell experiments revealed a promising sensitivity of p53‐negative colon cancer cells to these compounds.
Evaluation of Acetic Acid‐Induced Chronic Gastric Ulcer Healing by Propionyl‐L‐Carnitine Administration
Authors: Ipek Emrah , Ekren Aşıcı Gamze Sevri , Epikmen Erkmen Tuğrul , Abbak Mürüvvet , Kurt Büşra Kibar , Özsoy Şule Yurdagül , Tunca Recai 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe aim of our study was to investigate the healing effect of propionyl‐L‐carnitine (PLC) on chronic gastric ulcers and its underlying mechanisms. This study included rats with gastric ulcers induced by applying serosal glacial acetic acid. These rats were then given either saline (vehicle) or PLC at doses of 60 and 120 mg/kg, administered orally 3 days after ulcer induction for 14 consecutive days. Our study found that treatment with PLC resulted in a reduction of the gastric ulcer area, a faster rate of ulcer healing, and stimulated mucosal restoration. Additionally, the treatment with PLC reduced the number of Iba‐1+ M1 macrophages while increasing the number of galectin‐3+ M2 macrophages, as well as desmin+ microvessels, and α‐SMA+ myofibroblasts in the gastric ulcer bed. The mRNA expression of COX‐2, eNOS, TGF‐β1, VEGFA, and EGF in the ulcerated gastric mucosa was greater in the PLC‐treated groups compared with the vehicle‐treated rats. In conclusion, these findings suggest that PLC treatment may accelerate gastric ulcer healing by stimulating mucosal reconstruction, macrophage polarization, angiogenesis, and fibroblast proliferation, as well as fibroblast‐myofibroblast transition. This process is associated with the upregulation of TGF‐β1, VEGFA, and EGF, as well as modulation of the cyclooxygenase/nitric oxide synthase systems.
New Halogenated Flavonoids from Adenosma bracteosum and Vitex negundo and Their α‐Glucosidase Inhibition
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc‐Hong , Duong Thuc‐Huy , Truong Nguyen Huy , Vu Y Thien , Tran Thi‐Minh‐Dinh , Ho Thi‐Thanh‐Van , Mai Chi‐Cong , Mai Dinh‐Tri , Nguyen Hoang‐Chuong , Thuy Le Huong , Pham Duc‐Dung 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAdenosma bracteosum and Vitex negundo are natural sources of methoxylated flavonoids. Little is known about the α‐glucosidase inhibition of multi‐methoxylated flavonoid derivatives. Eighteen natural flavonoids were isolated from A. bracteosum and V. negundo. Seven halogenated derivatives were synthesized. Their chemical structures were elucidated by extensive NMR analysis and high‐resolution mass spectroscopy as well as comparisons in literature. All compounds were evaluated for their α‐glucosidase inhibition. Most compounds showed good activity with IC50 values ranging from 16.7 to 421.8 μM. 6,8‐Dibromocatechin was the most active compound with an IC50 value of 16.7 μM. A molecular docking study was conducted, indicating that those compounds are potent α‐glucosidase inhibitors.
Alpiniamides E–G from the Saline Lake‐Derived Streptomyces sp. QHA48 and Their Lipid Accumulation Inhibitory Activity
Authors: Tang Xin‐Yi , Mao Chu‐Ru , Fang Jie‐Bin , Ma Zhong‐Jun , Huang Yun , Wang Dan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlpiniamides E–G, three previously unreported linear polyketide derivatives, along with two known compounds, were isolated from Streptomyces sp. QHA48, which was isolated from the saline lakes of Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau. The structures of these compounds were determined through analysis of their spectroscopic data, as well as density functional theory prediction of NMR chemical shifts, application of the DP4+ algorithm and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. In a cell‐based lipid‐lowering assay, all five alpiniamides exhibited significant inhibition of lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells without inducing cytotoxic effects at a concentration of 27 μM.
A case of early gastric necrosis due to ingestion of an acidic toilet cleaner
Authors: Ushio Masaya 
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical MessageA patient presenting to the emergency room with abdominal pain due to acidic cleaner ingestion, whether accidentally or intentionally, should undergo contrast‐enhanced computed tomography (CT). If no abnormalities are noted on CT early after ingestion, the patient should be reviewed with a repeat CT within 3–6 h.
Persistent hypotension and other complications of celiac plexus neurolysis: A case report and literature review
Authors: dos Santos Silva Rhuann Pontes , Lopes Arthur José Maia , Bezerra Roberto Borges , Andrade Rafael Albanez , Andrade Rebeca Gonelli , da Costa Larissa Monteiro Ferreira , de Albuquerque da Cunha Andrade Carolina Albanez 
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical MessagePersistent hypotension is a rare complication of celiac plexus neurolysis. It is important to know what are the main and rare complications and how to treat these in patients who undergo CPN.AbstractCeliac plexus neurolysis is an effective treatment for visceral abdominal pain in oncological patients. Although it rarely has complications, some side effects may occur. A patient with visceral abdominal pain who developed long‐lasting orthostatic hypotension and was treated with the use of corticosteroids after a neurolytic celiac plexus block for intractable pain. We describe a rare complication and its treatment and we emphasize the importance of having a guide for the management and treatment of rare complications. We also suggest that every patient be informed about complications, from the most common to the rarest.
Ultrasmall Gold Nanoparticles as Clients of Biomolecular Condensates
Authors: Viola Giovanna , Floriani Fulvio , Barracchia Carlo Giorgio , Munari Francesca , D'Onofrio Mariapina , Assfalg Michael 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLiquid‐liquid phase separation (LLPS) of biopolymers to form condensates is a widespread phenomenon in living cells. Agents that target or alter condensation can help uncover elusive physiological and pathological mechanisms. Owing to their unique material properties and modes of interaction with biomolecules, nanoparticles represent attractive condensate‐targeting agents.Our work focused on elucidating the interaction between ultrasmall gold nanoparticles (usGNPs) and diverse types of condensates of tau, a representative phase‐separating protein associated with neurodegenerative disorders. usGNPs attract considerable interest in the biomedical community due to unique features, including emergent optical properties and good cell penetration. We explored the interaction of usGNPs with reconstituted self‐condensates of tau, two‐component tau/polyanion and three‐component tau/RNA/alpha‐synuclein coacervates. The usGNPs were found to concentrate into condensed liquid droplets, consistent with the formation of dynamic client (nanoparticle) ‐ scaffold (tau) interactions, and were observable thanks to their intrinsic luminescence. Furthermore, usGNPs were capable to promote LLPS of a protein domain which is unable to phase separate on its own.Our study demonstrates the ability of usGNPs to interact with and illuminate protein condensates. We anticipate that nanoparticles will have broad applicability as nanotracers to interrogate phase separation, and as nanoactuators controlling the formation and dissolution of condensates.
Exosome‐derived ANXA9 functions as an oncogene in breast cancer
Authors: Lu Cuiping , Zhan Ying , Jiang Yunshan , Liao Jianrong , Qiu Zidan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBreast cancer (BCA) is one of the most prevalent cancers among women. Emerging evidence has revealed that Annexin A‐9 (ANXA9) plays a crucial function in the development of some cancers. Notably, ANXA9 has been reported to be a new prognostic biomarker for gastric and colorectal cancers. However, its expression and biological function in BCA have not yet been investigated. Using online bioinformatics tools such as TIMER, GEPIA, HPA, and UALCAN, we predicted ANXA9 expression and its correlation with the clinicopathological characteristics of BCA patients. RT‐qPCR and western blot were utilized to measure ANXA9 mRNA and ANXA9 protein expression in BCA patient tissues and cells. BCA‐derived exosomes were identified by transmission electron microscopy. Functional assays were employed to evaluate the biological role of ANXA9 in BCA cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. A tumor xenograft in vivo model was utilized to assess the role of ANXA9 in tumor growth in mice. Bioinformatics and functional screening analysis revealed that ANXA9 was highly expressed in BCA patient tissues, with median ANXA9 expression 1.5‐ to 2‐fold higher than in normal tissues (p < 0.05). RT‐qPCR confirmed that ANXA9 expression in BCA tissues was around 1.5‐fold higher than the adjacent normal tissues (p < 0.001). ANXA9 expression in different subtypes of BCA also showed a difference, and ANXA9 was found to be mostly significantly upregulated in luminal BCA relative to normal tissues or other histological subtypes (p < 0.001). Moreover, ANXA9 expression was elevated in different races, ages, clinical stages, node metastasis status, and menopause status groups relative to the normal group (p < 0.001). Furthermore, ANXA9 was found to be secreted by BCA tissue‐derived exosomes and its expression was upregulated 1‐ to 7‐fold in BCA cells treated with exosomes (p < 0.001), while its expression in MCF10A cells was not significantly altered by treatment with exosomes (p > 0.05). ANXA9 silencing induced a significant decrease of around 30% in the colony number of BCA cells (p < 0.01). The number of migrated and invaded BCA cells also decreased by around 65 and 68%, respectively, after silencing ANXA9 (p < 0.01). Tumor size was significantly reduced (nearly half) in the LV‐sh‐ANXA9 group relative to the LV‐NC group in the xenograft model (p < 0.01), suggesting that ANXA9 silencing repressed tumor progression in BCA progression in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, exosome‐derived ANXA9 functions as an oncogene that facilitates the proliferation, migration, and invasiveness of BCA cells and enhances tumor growth in BCA development, which may provide a new prognostic and therapeutic biomarker for BCA patients.
Investigation of Carbonate Substitution in Hydroxyapatite by Combining Solid‐state NMR and DFT Calculations
Authors: Su Yangyang , Brigiano Flavio Siro , Petit Ivan , Leroy César , Bonhomme Christian , Babonneau Florence , Tielens Frederik , Gervais Christel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBiological apatites (main constituent of natural bones) correspond to non‐stoichiometric hydroxyapatite HAp, presenting a large variety of ions as substituents (CO32−, F−, SiO44−, Mg2+, Na+…). The precise location and configuration of ionic substitutes in the HAp matrix are generally difficult to identify and characterize. This contribution details the structural characterization based on NMR data of a particular case of hydroxyapatite substitution by carbonates. For this purpose, all substitution mechanisms proposed to our knowledge in the literature are modeled by DFT and the corresponding calculated NMR parameters allowed to propose or confirm some interpretations of a certain number of experimental observations to rationalize the dependencies of the 13C chemical shift and energy on these structural parameters. The presented results open the way for a fast interpretation of 13C NMR experiments on defective HAp materials and will allow to predict the most stable arrangement of CO32− for a given family of defects.
Out of social accountability: Reasons and alternative paths for SA8000 decertification
Authors: Marcuzzi Irene , Podrecca Matteo , Sartor Marco , Nassimbeni Guido 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article examines the reasons that drive companies to leave Social Accountability 8000 (SA8000)—the main auditable corporate social responsibility standard—and which alternative paths they undertake after the abandonment. As decertification from SA8000 is an under‐researched phenomenon, an exploratory approach based on the analysis of 15 multi‐country/industry companies has been adopted. Findings show that firms leave SA8000 for several reasons including the reduction of commercial advantages, paperwork overload, and complexities in orders and suppliers management. Our investigation recognizes decertification drivers that are recurring in other standards as well as new ones specific to SA8000. For what concerns the post‐decertification paths, we observe that firms pursue three distinct exit strategies (i.e., adoption of an alternative initiative/standard; no adoption of any alternative social standard/initiative, but still respect some SA8000 requirements; no adoption of any alternative social standard/initiative and stop taking care of SA8000 requirements).