bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Collective and Individual Experiences of Slaves in Leghorn, Pisa and Florence, 1702-1826
Authors: Bonazza Giulia 
Published: May 2023

This article presents a group portrait of captives and slaves and a picture of some individual slaves’ lives in the Bagno of Leghorn and Pisa and in the House of Catechumens of Florence in the Grand Duchy of Tuscany during the period 1702-1826. This research is based on Leghorn government papers, the archive of Florence’s Ginori family and the records of the Magistrato del Bigallo.The study follows two lines of inquiry corresponding to two different scales of analysis. The first draws a group portrait from a list of slaves living at the Bagno of Leghorn and released in 1747. This portrait reveals a uniform and collective life and provides quantitative information on the latter, particularly concerning the question of the time of their captivity or their enslavement. The second line of investigation explores the experiences and individual trajectories of several slaves between Livorno, Pisa and Florence and raises questions about conclusive interpretations concerning the level of homogeneity in their living and working conditions. The presence of slaves and captives in galleys or prisons has been the subject of much research based on the many documents produced in these places, including lists of slaves that allow scholars to build a group portrait. The realization of this type of portrait requires, however, consideration of individual trajectories and differences. This is made possible by sources such as the supplications of slaves living in these places of detention as well as those resident in the House of Catechumens of Florence. The petitions of slaves, in both Pisa and Livorno, reveal the diversity of living conditions in the same place of detention. While historiography has emphasized a standardization of conditions in different environments—such as galleys and prisons—the study sheds light on how differences in physical qualities (health, physical strength, skin colour), geographical origin, professional skills or religion of captives and slaves had an impact on access to freedom, their agency, and their treatment by their owners. In addition, the sources of the Magistrato del Bigallo allow for a very subtle approach, making it possible to show for example the different experiences of a brother and a sister, both slaves and from Sub-Saharan Africa, in the House of Catechumens of Florence.These sources, less explored, bring to light formerly invisible stories of enslaved people from the Mediterranean and outside with singular trajectories that complicate existing interpretations. The two approaches, that of the group portrait and that concentrating on the individual experiences of the captives and slaves, are fundamental to developing a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon of slavery in Tuscany.
Experiences of healthcare staff in forensic care facilities supporting sexual violence survivors, in Tshwane, South Africa
Authors: Randa Moreoagae B. , McGarry Julie 
Published: May 2023

Background: Sexual violence is a persisting global epidemic that is constantly increasing on a large scale. The rate of sexual violence in South Africa is one of the highest in the world; and it has been reported to appear socially normalised and acceptable.Objectives: The study aimed to explore and describe the experiences of healthcare staff working in forensic care centres (FCCs) in Tshwane, South Africa.Method: A qualitative approach was followed incorporating focus group interviews with a range of healthcare staff based in the two FCCs. Non-probability purposive sampling was done. Data analysis was informed by the Analytic Hierarchy Model which comprised of three steps: data management, descriptive accounts and developing explanatory accounts.Results: Three main themes emerged as, (1) help them to do away with the idea of self-blame: everyday work; (2) barriers to the accessibility of care: seeking alternative traditional remedies (muti) from traditional healers and working in an unconducive environment and (3) compassionately sick at times: Emotional impact of forensic care work.Conclusion: The findings revealed that the healthcare staff are often working in difficult circumstances and that both professional and societal factors mediate against the provision of care and support for survivors. Greater attention is needed both in terms of service development and wider challenges to pervading societal norms surrounding violence against women.Contribution: The study highlighted the need for training, improved management support and debriefing sessions.
Anthropomorphism according to Al-Ghazali (d. 1111) and Maimonides (d. 1204): A comparative discourse
Authors: Senin Nurhanisah , Mohd Khambali Hambali Khadijah , Wan Ramli Wan Adli , Amat Misra Mustafa Kamal , Ismail Nazneen 
Published: May 2023

The existence of ‘human-like’ attributes and actions in the Qur’an and Hebrew Bible entails to various interpretations towards anthropomorphic verses among the Muslim and Jewish counterparts. Al-Ghazali and Maimonides in their discourses strongly affirmed the unity of God and refuted anthropomorphism. Therefore, this study expounded al-Ghazali and Maimonides’ methods in affirming the incorporeality of God through outlining the similarities and differences in their interpretation. This study was qualitative in nature which analyses writings of al-Ghazali and Maimonides in encountering anthropomorphism. It can be deduced that both scholars were found to be employing allegorical interpretation with different level of interpretations in their attempts to repudiate the corporeal form of God. Alternatively, they both agree on the literalist’s approach with conditions that one must not perceive God’s essence in a bodily figure. Consequently, believing so will lead one to heresy. In sum, their emphasis on an incorporeal God brought them to similar interpretation despite their different religion and theological or philosophical orientation.Contribution: This article contributed to comparative theological study in understanding anthropomorphic verses through the discourse of al-Ghazali and Maimonides in Islam and Judaism, respectively.
The liberation of women and girls as the liberation of Mother Earth: A theological discourse
Authors: Chireshe Excellent 
Published: May 2023

This article, grounded in ecofeminism, considers the earth as symbolising women and girls and the liberation of women and girls as the liberation of the earth. When the environment is liberated from abuse, its capacity to sustain human life is enhanced. In the same way, when women and girls are freed from all forms of oppression and exploitation and are allowed to be self-actualising people, their capacity to contribute meaningfully to sustainable development and human welfare is enhanced. Given that women and girls play key culturally prescribed roles such as being carriers of life through childbirth, nurturing, caregiving and serving as pillars of the home, their oppression and exploitation stifle their contribution to societal development, thereby curtailing sustainable development. Similarly, abuse of the earth results in environmental crises such as floods, droughts, famine, heat waves and global warming, resulting in the earth’s diminished capacity to sustain life. This study was based on literature review and informal interviews involving participants from three churches (the Reformed Church in Zimbabwe, the Apostolic Faith Mission in Zimbabwe and the Johanne Marange Apostolic Church). This article examined the extent to which religion can empower women to participate in public activities including environmental management, epitomised by the way women and girls in the selected churches are perceived and treated. It is concluded that religion can be both liberating and binding to women and girls and, by implication, Mother Earth.Contribution: This article highlights parallels between females and Mother Earth, using the treatment of women and girls in three churches as the springboard of the discussion. It considers how far such treatment can promote their participation in public spheres that include taking care of and managing the environment.
Temporal modelling of Lymnaea natalensis (Krauss, 1848) in tropical aquatic habitats
Authors: Oso Opeyemi G. , Sunday Joseph O. , Odaibo Alexander B. 
Published: May 2023

Lymnaea natalensis is the only snail intermediate host of Fasciola gigantica, the causative agent of fascioliasis, in Nigeria. The species also serves as intermediate host for many other African trematode species of medical and veterinary importance, and it is found throughout the country. However, there is no detailed information on the factors that influence its distribution and seasonal abundance in the tropical aquatic habitats in Nigeria. This study used the geographic information system and remotely sensed data to develop models for predicting the distribution of L. natalensis in South-Western Nigeria. Both land surface temperature (LST) and normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) were extracted from Landsat satellite imagery; other variables (slope and elevation) were extracted from a digital elevation model (DEM) while rainfall data were retrieved from the European Meteorology Research Programme (EMRP). These environmental variables were integrated into a geographic information system (GIS) to predict suitable habitats of L. natalensis using exploratory regression. A total of 1410 L. natalensis snails were collected vis-à-vis 22 sampling sites. Built-up areas recorded more L. natalensis compared with farmlands. There was no significant difference in the abundance of snails with season (p 0.05). The regression models showed that rainfall, NDVI, and slope were predictors of L. natalensis distribution. The habitats suitable for L. natalensis were central areas, while areas to the north and south were not suitable for L. natalensis.Contribution: The predictive risk models of L. natalensis in the study will be useful in mapping other areas where the snail sampling could not be conducted.
Clinicians’ perspective of picture archiving and communication systems at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital
Authors: Tshalibe Polite , Adrigwe Jacinta , Lucas Susan 
Published: May 2023

Background: Picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) are now an established means of capturing, storing, distribution and viewing of all radiology images. The study was conducted in a quaternary hospital, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital (CMJAH), part of the University of the Witwatersrand teaching circuit, in South Africa.Objectives: To measure the clinicians’ perceived benefits and challenges of PACS. To document perceived views on how the current PACS can be improved.Method: This was a cross-sectional observational study over a period of 5 months from September 2021 to January 2022 carried out at CMJAH. Questionnaires were distributed to referring clinicians with PACS experience. Descriptive statistics was conducted. Categorical variables were presented as frequency and percentages. The continuous variables were presented as means ± standard deviation.Results: A survey with a response rate of 54% found the benefits most reported by clinicians were improved patient care, less time needed to review an exam, improved image comparison and consultation efficiency. With respect to perceived challenges, the unavailability of images at the bedside, problems with access and the lack of advanced image manipulating software were noted. The most frequent recommendations on improvements focused on the aforementioned challenges.Conclusion: Hospital-wide PACS was viewed beneficial by most clinicians. Nonetheless, there are a few aspects that deserve attention to improve the functionality and access of the system.Contribution: The findings will assist in future hospital or provincial-wide PACS deployment projects.
Ubuntu and mourning practices in the Tsonga culture: Rite of passage
Authors: Khosa-Nkatini Hundzukani P. 
Published: May 2023

The article focusses on ubuntu and mourning rituals practised in the Tsonga culture. Tsonga cultures and rituals have been proclaimed as being different from province to province with a few similarities. The rituals referred to in this research do not however encompass the belief systems of all Tsonga people in South Africa. This study discusses ubuntu in the Tsonga context and how they partake in the processes of bereavement, grieving, mourning, death rituals, mourning practice and unveiling of the tombstone. This article addresses some challenges and the theme of liturgical inculturation in the Tsonga mourning processes. The study also addresses the necessary liturgical aggiornamento needed in the Tsonga mourning processes. It covers the social and religious aspects of the process Ubuntu and mourning practices in the Tsonga culture.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: The contextual perspective challenged by this research is the understanding of ubuntu and mourning rituals of the Tsonga people in accordance with their culture. This research made use of a literature review based on mourning rituals, which solidifies this research as a study within Practical Theology because it is a liturgical inculturation study.
Embracing the traces of the deity Opo Empung in Minahasa for culturative Christianity
Authors: Rumbay Christar A. , Siahaya Johannis 
Published: May 2023

The conversation about God has the potential to generate constructive discussion because it is the central theme of various religious traditions in Indonesia. The belief of the Minahasa community, one of the tribes in Indonesia, regarding the expression of the Opo Empung deity has become a matter of debate because it contains mystical values. But on the other hand, there have been attempts to integrate the understanding of the divine with Christianity, but they have not achieved satisfactory results. This study sought to find the deity value of Opo Empung with a constructive intercultural approach, which can be an object of dialogue and discussion for the Christian religion so as to offer respect, tolerance and peace. This study used a qualitative approach. The main sources that were used as references are library data, articles, books and other scientific references, combined with ethnographic data collection. The results showed that the expression of the deity Opo Empung offers an object of conversation for interaction with religion. It represents strong religious values. This cultural reality opens up opportunities for interactive conversations between Christianity and cultural beliefs in order to create a harmonious and peaceful life.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: Churches and Christians in Minahasa and Indonesia need to minimise conflicts with local culture. The church could be a light for the local culture to know God properly and a bridge to build religious tolerance and moderation. It should accept and befriend local culture considered by people as a religion for generations.
Acid–Base Abnormalities among Patients Admitted in the Intensive Care Unit of a Teaching Hospital
Authors: Mallela Venkata Rambabu , Alam Krishna Chaitanya , Pendurthi Amith Kumar , Manjula B. S. V. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Acid–base abnormalities (arterial blood gas [ABG]) pose a threat to survival in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. We present a case series of 60 cases from hospital records highlighting the acid–base abnormalities among ICU patients. All standard protocols were followed in the study hospital to collect the arterial blood samples and standard procedures for measurement of ABGs. We found that 93.3% had acid–base abnormalities, 13.3% had nonanion gap metabolic acidosis, 20% had anion gap metabolic acidosis, 50% had metabolic alkalosis, 45% had respiratory acidosis, 21.7% had respiratory alkalosis, 41.7% had mixed disorders, 31.7% had double disorders, and 10% had triple disorder. We conclude that mixed disorder is common in ICU patients with alkalosis being slightly more common than acidosis. By doing ABG, we will be able to detect the underlying acid–base disorder promptly and initiate treatment immediately so that we can decrease the suffering and save the lives of the patients. Hence, a careful look at the ABG within 24 h of admission of a patient to ICU can help save lives.
A Case of Puerperal Cerebral Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Konnur Abhishek , Rao Gurukanth , Belle Jayaprakash 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a relatively rare, potentially fatal neurological condition that can be frequently overlooked due to the vague nature of its clinical and radiological presentation, particularly when not associated with pregnancy and puerperium. It is a multifactorial disease, and the major forms of clinical presentation include isolated intracranial hypertension syndrome, focal neurological deficits, seizures, and altered sensorium. Magnetic resonance imaging with magnetic resonance venogram is considered the gold standard for diagnosis. Pregnancy-induced changes in coagulation result in a hypercoagulable state, which may naturally reduce the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage but may also increase the risk of CVT. Favorable outcomes have been reported in patients who receive early diagnosis and treatment.
Cabozantinib: A narrative drug review
Authors: Srigadha Vivek K. , Prabhash Kumar , Noronha Vanita , Joshi Amit , Patil Vijay M. , Menon Nandini , Singh Ajay K. , Shah Minit 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Cabozantinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that has been approved as therapy for several solid tumors, including metastatic renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and differentiated thyroid cancer. To prepare this review, we comprehensively searched various websites, including the United States Food and Drug Administration, the European Medicine Agency Drug Manual, PubMed, Science Direct, and UpToDate using the search terms, “cabozantinib,” “renal cell carcinoma,” “hepatocellular carcinoma,” “differentiated thyroid cancer,” and “medullary thyroid cancer.” We shortlisted all the full-text articles published between 2011 and 2022. Out of a total of 788 manuscripts identified, we included 52. This review of cabozantinib details the pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, clinical indications, adverse effects, safety, and the key research trials that investigated the use of cabozantinib. We have discussed the available clinical trial data and real-world outcomes, both with respect to the efficacy and safety of cabozantinib.
Effect of partial replacement of aggregate with granulated polyethylene terephthalate (pet) on compressive strength of concrete
Authors: Orie O.U. , Olusesi O.J. 
Published: May 2023

This paper is aimed at the development of appropriate combination of composite materials such as cement, aggregates and inclusion of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) in varying proportion in order to determine the optimal measure for the optimal strength. The study also, investigated the effect of PET aggregate on the compressive strength of concrete. Mix design targeting grade 25 concrete strength, using the Department of Environment (DOE) approach was adopted. Five different concrete samples were prepared accordingly, using natural aggregate as control mix and four others which consist of PET aggregate as partial replacement of fine aggregate at 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% ratios respectively. The recycled fine aggregate (PET) was processed from bottle water waste, it was crushed, pressed and processed into finely material having river sand resemblance i.e., well distributed within sieve sizes of 0.075 and 2.00. The batching was done by weight. Cubes specimens were prepared, cured for 7, 14, and 28days and tested for compression. The results of the tests were analyzed statistically using regression method (Mintab) to establish optimal strength require mixture. The results and analysis established that there were reduction in compressive strength of the concrete containing PET aggregate and reduction rates increased with increase in the amount of PET inclusion in the concrete. The compressive strength values for 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% replacement of sand with PET at 28-day were 29.70N/mm2 , 25.95N/mm2 , 24.28N/mm2 and 23.23N/mm2 respectively. When compared with the control concrete specimens with an average value of 33.08N/mm2 gave 11.38%, 27.48%, 36.24% and 42.40% reduction in strength respectively. It was recommended that, though, the use of PET aggregate in the production of concrete does not have significant appreciable effect on the concrete strength, its use will protect the environment and as well help to conserve natural resources used as materials in production of concrete elements which currently undergo excessive depletion.
Short-Term Energy Load Forecasting Model with Sample Filtering
Authors: Kateule Ruthbetha , Sakala Lucas A. , Tunga Mahadia 
Published: May 2023

Short-term energy load forecasting is a crucial task in the power smart grid, which enables the power utilities to understand the future energy demands and plans to attain the demand and supply equilibrium, thereby optimizing power deployment and reducing power losses. Several techniques have been implemented to enhance energy load forecasting. However, the nonlinear nature of the data collected in the smart grid makes it difficult to attain 100% energy load forecasting accuracy. For instance, the Deep Feedforward Neural Networks model based on Input Attention Mechanism and Hidden Connection Mechanism has a mean absolute percentage error of 3.17%; model based on Sequence to Sequence Recurrent Neural Network with Attention had a mean absolute percentage error of 2.7%. The model based on Deep Recurrent Neural Networks with Levenberg–Marquardt backpropagation algorithm had a mean absolute percentage error of 0.58; and Deep Feedforward Neural Network with sample weights model had 3.22 % as root mean squared error. To improve energy load forecasting accuracy, this work proposed a model based on Deep Recurrent Neural Networks and sample filtering, which provides an exhaustive elucidation for modelling a sophisticated stochastic relationship between the input and output features. Deep Recurrent Neural Networks have proven to be good at modelling the nonlinearities in data of different fields and are mostly used in energy load forecasting to reduce forecasting error and a high degree of overfitting. Sample filtering is achieved through the use of K-Means clustering which determines the number of clusters to be used in the model. Findings from the study showed that by employing Deep Recurrent Neural Networks and sample filtering, the short-term energy load forecasting accuracy is improved in reference to mean absolute percentage error and root mean squared error of 0.31% and 1.014, respectively. As a result of the reduction in error, the energy demand and supply chain equilibrium are enhanced, thereby optimizing power deployment and reducing power losses.
Keywords: Machine learning, Neural networks, Sample filtering, Smart grid, Short-term energy forecasting