bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PENALARAN SISWA DENGAN MENERAPKAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING
Authors: Amelia Sisti Nadia , Hia Yasifati 
Published: May 2023

Abstract : Problem-Based Learning to Improve the Reasoning Abilities of Students. The purpose of this research is to enhance students reasoning abilities through the use of problem-based learning models. This research was conducted in two cycles. The difference in treatment between cycle I and cycle II lies in the stage of directing the investigation. The first cycle is guided individually, and the second cycle is guided both individually and in groups. The result shows that there was a mean increase in reasoning ability scores from 45,59 in cycle 1 to 60,29 in cycle 2 to 76,10.Keywords: Problem Based Learning, Reasoning AbilitiesAbstrak : Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Penalaran Siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan penalaran siswa dengan penggunaan problem-based learning. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua siklus. Perbedaan perlakuan antara siklus I dan siklus II terletak pada tahap mengarahkan penyelidikan. Siklus pertama dibimbing secara individu, sedangkan siklus kedua dibimbing baik secara individu maupun kelompok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan rata-rata kemampuan penalaran siswa dari 45,59 pada siklus 1 menjadi 60,29 pada siklus 2 menjadi 76,10. Kata Kunci: Problem Based Learning, Kemampuan Penalaran
Producción de energía limpia <em>vs.</em> protección del medio ambiente: proyecto del río Nu
Authors: Connelly Marisela 
Published: May 2023

El rápido crecimiento de China en las últimas décadas del siglo XX y el inicio del siglo XXI ha llevado consigo el incremento de la demanda de energía. Ante el uso indiscriminado de carbón, que constituye 78% de la electricidad producida, y la consecuente contaminación del medio ambiente, los dirigentes chinos buscan nuevas formas para producir energía limpia.
Las identidades sexo-genéricas diversas como categoría de subalternidad
Authors: Carbalido Coria Laura , Torres Cruz César 
Published: May 2023

La corriente de estudios subalternos surgió en el sur de Asia a finales del siglo pasado para dotar de agencia a los oprimidos de India a través de la historiografía, pero ese colectivo olvidó incluir las identidades sexo-genéricas diversas. Este trabajo intenta dilucidar si estas identidades son subalternas y por qué. Los objetivos son: a) describir la perspectiva de estudios de género realizada por el grupo asiático de estudios subalternos desde su surgimiento hasta la fecha; b) analizar si se han estudiado las identidades sexo-genéricas diversas dentro de los estudios subalternos, y c) proponer estas identidades sexo-genéricas diversas como categoría de subalternidad para el análisis de los estudios de grupos subalternos. A partir de una revisión exhaustiva de los trabajos de resúmenes miembros del colectivo del sur de Asia de estudios subalternos sobre género y diversidad sexual, se proponen las identidades sexo-genéricas diversas como categoría de subalternidad. Se concluye que las identidades sexo-genéricas diversas son subalternas porque padecen procesos de exclusión por sus prácticas sexuales o sus identidades, por lo que la categoría de subalternidad es útil para dilucidar la subordinación de estos grupos sociales.
TEXTBOOK AS A MEANS OF IMPROVING LEARNING PROCESS
Authors: KHACHATURYAN VERONIK , GHALACHYAN АRMINE 
Published: May 2023

The article discusses the role of textbook in the study of a foreign language, particularly English. The main advantages and disadvantages of the classical textbook are studied in a very logical consequence. The article proves that methodologically expedient use of proper material can undoubtedly ensure the effectiveness of the learning process. Repetitive assignments and systematization of the information in the textbook allow intensifying the learning process monitoring the effectiveness of the learning progress enhancing a learner’s skills motivating practical use of the manual. The article confirms that the textbook is for both learners and teachers as a source of information, reference manual, means of mastering skills correspondingly. It is viewed as a sample of organizational work, well-proportioned content and structure of the educational material. The main emphasis of the textbook is teaching the students practical use of theoretical knowledge while realizing all the steps necessary to solve the corresponding problem. It encourages creative thinking and problem-solving activities.
The article brings forward the necessity of using proper manual, including stages in the structure of the lesson, as nowadays in the conditions of hybrid classes it is becoming more relevant than ever before to have a very suitable textbook for learners.
FEATURES OF MODERN DESIGN ACTIVITY
Authors: MELIKSETYAN GOR 
Published: May 2023

The article discusses the features of design activity since the beginning of the XXI century. Being the most popular form of art, it arose only in the first half of the 20th century.
Today, the most popular area of design is considered to be the production of everyday household items, art projects of scientific and technical discoveries before the fashion market changes. The growing demands on comfort also forces the designer to constantly work on finding form solutions for things that will meet the changing reality.
Modern design activity is not limited to artistic solutions of individual things. Today, the environment as a whole is under his supervision, whether it is the interior design of a residential or public building or the design of open spaces, landscapes, urban environment.
The purpose of the article is to highlight the features of modern design activity, in its various fields, and to present technological performances to professional designers.
The article is structured in relevant studies of scientific research, while examining previous designs (mainly by technical means), and includes modern information technology, where the concept of computer-aided design is particularly applied.
Blood Gas Analysis as A Predictor of Mortality in Critical COVID-19 Patients in Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta
Authors: Cahyaningrum Maria Sekar , Ariningrum Dian , Primaningtyas Widana , Ardyanto Tonang Dwi 
Published: May 2023

COVID-19 has been declared a global pandemic affecting many countries, including Indonesia. The worsening of COVID-19 patients may go unnoticed because one of the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 is silent hypoxia, where the patients’ blood oxygen saturation drops with no visible symptoms. Blood gas analysis is needed to detect silent hypoxia. This study aims to confirm whether blood gas analysis results correlate with the mortality of critical COVID-19 patients. This was a retrospective cohort study, the samples were taken from the medical records of critical COVID-19 patients from May 2020-July 2021. The variables observed were gender, age, comorbidities, oxygen saturation (SaO2), partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), bicarbonate (HCO3-), and blood pH. Descriptive statistics, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were done. There were 210 samples, where 137 patients survived (65.24%) and 73 patients died (34.76%). The data analysis showed that comorbidities and blood pH significantly correlate with the mortality of critical COVID-19 patients, with p-values < 0.05; indicating that comorbidities and blood pH can be used as mortality predictors in critical COVID-19 patients. The RR for comorbidities and blood pH were 2.194 and 2>294, respectively, with CI 95% 1.202-4.833 for comorbidities and 1.151-5.295 for blood pH. The cut-off value used for blood pH was 7.310.
The impact of soil warming on fine root trait responses of trees, deciduous vs. coniferous: a meta-analysis
Authors: Rezapour Azadeh , Labbafi Mohammadreza , Oja Tõnu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We compiled data from 149 paired observations from 43 publications and performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the variability of trees’ fine root trait responses under various global soil warming experiments. The impacts of warming magnitude, soil depth, and different tree species (deciduous vs. coniferous), on the responses of fine root biomass (FRB), and fine root morphology were assessed in this study. Our results confirmed that soil warming increased FRB while having no significant effect on fine root morphological traits, such as specific root length (SRL), specific root area (SRA), and diameter (D). The effect of warming on FRB decreased significantly at higher warming magnitude. The effect of tree species was also evident in the response of FRB to soil warming magnitude. Furthermore, warming effects on SRA and D increased in deeper soil horizons. The present meta-analysis provides an improved understanding of trees’ fine roots and the tree species-specific adaptive strategy under future soil warming episodes. Our results suggest that trees will resist the altering soil warming conditions by modifications more in fine root biomass allocation rather than morphological adjustments.
Puude hooajalise radiaalkasvu mõõtmiskuupäevaks moodustunud osa arvutusmudel Eesti tingimuste jaoks
Authors: Kiviste Andres , Padari Allar , Metslaid Sandra 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Knowledge about the seasonal dynamics of tree growth and its relationship with environmental factors is necessary to eliminate the uncertainty due to ongoing climate change and for more precise growth modelling when re-measurements are done periodically. Despite the increasing number of studies monitoring seasonal wood formation, a considerable part of European forests, including Estonia, lacks such information. In this article, we present a date-dependent model for determining the share of seasonal radial growth for the three most common tree species in the region (Scots pine, Norway spruce and silver birch) for Estonian conditions. Since seasonal tree growth monitoring data were unavailable for Estonia, we used published seasonal radial growth data from Lithuania by Dr Adomas Vitas (2011). We tested four functions (Kumaraswamy, Weibull, Gompertz and logistic) on obtained data to approximate the seasonal development of radial growth. Kumaraswamy’s function could track the course of seasonal radial growth gains the best; thus, this function was chosen for further use. We obtained data on intra-annual radial growth from published research studies from neighbouring countries and determined the dates of growth initiation and cessation for Estonian conditions. Finally, we combined Kumaraswamy’s function and the predicted radial growth onset and cessation dates into the model that could predict the seasonal growth course and thus were able to estimate the share of newly formed increment from the dates.
Criminal Liability for Forgery of Print in Polish Legislation
Authors: Rybak-Karkosz Olivia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This paper aims to outline relevant legal problems of domestic legislation in aspects such as evidence difficulties, the so-called legalisation of forgery, and choosing the legal qualification of forgery of print. The doctrine for many years has postulated (and still does) the increase of protection of works of art from crimes such as forgery would increase the safety and fair trade on the art market. However, legislators tend to omit this problem. So, the other possible acts are: the Polish Criminal Code, Act of 23 of July 2003 on the Protection and Guardianship of Monuments, and Act of 16 of April 1993 on Fair Trade. Each of these acts are analysed in the context of its evidential requirements to find the most useful one. The choice of a legal action depends on whether the work of art (print) is considered a monument as in the definition included in the Act on the Protection and Guardianship of Monuments. We then compared our results with cases prosecuted in Poland.
DIFERENCIAS EN LA CAPACIDAD DE INFILTRACIÓN DEL SUELO EN DOS TIPOS DE COBERTURA VEGETAL EN LA AMAZONÍA PERUANA
Authors: GARATE-QUISPE Jorge Santiago , BEJAR CHURA Nino , PILLCO SARDON Nery , HERRERA-MACHACA Marx , DUEÑAS LINARES Hugo 
Published: May 2023

La rápida expansión urbana y agrı́cola provoca severos impactos en la capacidad de infiltración del agua en el suelo, pero estos efectos aún no han sido suficientemente investigados, especialmente en la Amazonı́a peruana. El estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar la capacidad y velocidad de infiltración del suelo en dos tipos de cobertura vegetal (bosque primario intervenido y pastizal) en la Amazonı́a peruana. La tasa de infiltración de los suelos se midió con el infiltrómetro de anillo simple; se recolectaron tres muestras en los pastizales y seis en el bosque primario. Con los valores obtenidos se construyeron las curvas de infiltración. Para evaluar las diferencias en la capacidad de infiltración entre los tipos de vegetación de cobertura, utilizamos la prueba de t‑Student. Nuestros resultados muestran que la capacidad de infiltración en el bosque primario intervenido fue mayor que en el pastizal (p ≤ 0,01, t‑Student). En cuanto a las caracterı́sticas fisicoquı́micas del suelo, no encontramos diferencias significativas entre los dos tipos de cobertura evaluados. La abundancia, la riqueza de especies y la diversidad de la vegetación se asociaron positivamente con la capacidad de infiltración (p < 0,05). Se concluye que la capacidad de infiltración del agua del suelo en los bosques primarios es mayor que en los pastizales. Esto tendrı́a impactos significativos en el comportamiento hidrológico de los ecosistemas tropicales debido a la transformación de los bosques en pastizales generada por las actividades antropogénicas.
UJI ORGANOLEPTIK DAN ANALISIS KANDUNGAN KIMIA PADA MI KERING DARI TEPUNG KULIT BUAH NAGA MERAH DAN TEPUNG KACANG MERAH
Authors: Anggraweni Intan , Sari Desri Maulina , Herpandi Herpandi , Yuliarti Yuliarti 
Published: May 2023

Dried noodles are a food favored by the people of Indonesia. But in general, dry noodles contain low levels of fiber and protein. Fiber and protein levels in food are needed by the body. Sources of fiber and protein can be obtained from vegetable sources, namely red dragon fruit skin and red beans. Utilization of red dragon fruit skin flour and red bean flour in the manufacture of dry noodles can make the dried noodles a source of fiber and protein. This study aims to produce the best dry noodle formulation. This study is an experimental study using the Completely Randomized Design method (CRD). There are 4 additional treatment of red dragon fruit husks and red-bean flour on dry noodles, which are added to F0 (100% : 0% : 0%), F1 (70% : 15% : 15%), F2 (60% : 20% : 20%) dan F3 (50% : 25% : 25%). Analysis is made of organoleptic (hedonic) tests and laboratory tests (protein and fiber levels). The result of this research is that F1 is declared as the most preferred formulation because F1 has a brown color, no unpleasant aroma, slightly savory taste and chewy texture. Based on the nutrient content test, F1 has a protein content of 12.04% and a fiber content of 10.12%. So that the dry noodle formulation F1 was declared the selected formulation and had fulfilled the claim requirements as a food source of fiber and protein.
Keywords: Dried noodles; Red Dragon Fruit Skin Flour; Red Bean Flour; Fiber; Protein
Preeclampsia: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Impact on Mother and Fetus
Authors: Shandilya Vaibhav , Sinha Neiketa , Rani Sandhya 
Published: May 2023

Objectives:
Preeclampsia is one of the most common hypertensive disorders in pregnancy accounting for >50,000 maternal deaths, and over 500,000 fetal deaths worldwide. The incidence of preeclampsia is estimated to be 7 times higher in developing countries like India. Women with preeclampsia are several folds more likely to contract cardiovascular diseases such as ischemic heart disease, stroke, and thromboembolism later in life. This study aims to record the prevalence of preeclampsia, examine the incidence of various associated risk factors and document, and analyze the effects preeclampsia has on the mother and fetus.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted. Five hundred pregnant women were randomly selected based on availability of medical records. Prevalence of preeclampsia was identified in them and the preeclamptic population was further studied for various risk factors and epidemiological factors. The impact on mother and fetus was also studied. The data obtained from the medical records were entered into MS excel and variables were expressed as frequency and proportions. Analysis was done on SPSS 26.0 and major data were subjected to Chi-square test for determining significance.

Results:
Out of a total of 500 pregnant women, 31 developed preeclampsia; hence, the prevalence of preeclampsia was found to be 6.2%. Of the 31 preeclamptic women, majority belonged to the 20–29 age group (51.6%), 19 (61.2%) had a pre-pregnancy body mass index >23, thus being classified as overweight or obese. Thirteen of these 19 (41.9%) were obese class 1, while 5 (16.1%) were obese class 2. Only two patients were multiparous, while nulliparous and primiparous women accounted for 48.38 and 45.16% of preeclamptic women. Twenty of the 31 women had preeclampsia with severe features and this was found to be significantly associated with delivering a baby having lower birth weight (P < 0.05). A significant 45.1% (14 of the 31 women) had to undergo preterm delivery and 48.38% of the preeclamptic women terminated pregnancy by a lower segment cesarean section. Two of the women were also diagnosed with elevated liver enzymes and low platelets syndrome. With respect to the fetal outcomes, 48.4% of infants had low birth weight. Intrauterine fetal death, fetal growth restriction, and cleft lip and palate were also documented in few neonates.

Conclusion:
Preeclampsia has a high morbidity and mortality rate as well as an increased risk for future cardiovascular diseases. Hence, risk factors which are in an individual’s self-control such as weight must be modified to prevent unfavorable complications. Pregnant women at risk of preeclampsia should be identified and high-quality antenatal care should be given to minimize the complications of preeclampsia both for the mother and the fetus. More research avenues must be explored on this subject so that enhanced treatment and management options can emerge.
Lactate Clearance – A surrogate for Mortality in Cardiogenic Shock
Authors: Nandikonda Abhinay Reddy , Lakshmi V. S. Bharathi 
Published: May 2023

Objectives:
Raised blood lactate levels are strongly associated with mortality in patients with cardiogenic shock. Recent practices of the early identification and initiation of mechanical circulatory support have improved outcomes in cardiogenic shock, but therapeutic targets to guide real-time clinical decision making are lacking. Recent evidence suggests that the degree and rate at which blood lactate levels decrease after the initiation of treatment is important in patient prognosis. With this background, lactate clearance has been suggested as a potential treatment target due to its independent association with morality.

Materials and Methods:
Lactate levels were measured at baseline and at 6, 12, and 24 h. Patients were grouped into survivors and non-survivors based on in-hospital mortality. Patients who had normal lactate (<2.0 mmoL/L) at baseline were excluded from the study. Statistical analysis done using appropriate tests.

Results:
Absolute lactate levels were compared between groups at baseline and 6, 12, and 24 h. Lactate clearance was calculated at 6, 12, and 24 h among survivors and non-survivors. In total, 90 patients were enrolled, and 65 (72.2%) of them survived to hospital discharge. Absolute blood lactate levels were 4.71 ± 1.36 mmoL/lit in survivors and 6.17 ± 2.88 mmoL/lit in non-survivors at baseline (P = 0.007). The mean lactate clearance at 6 h was 12.22 ± 85.96% in survivors and 12.98 ± 30.97% in non-survivors (P = 0.3). At 24 h, the mean lactate clearance was 54.63 ± 22.34% and 26.34 ± 19.3% in survivors and non-survivors, respectively (P < 0.01).

Conclusion:
Survivors had significantly greater lactate clearance at 12 and 24 h compared with non-survivors, suggesting that lactate clearance is an important prognostic marker in cardiogenic shock. These results further support the validity of lactate clearance as an appropriate surrogate for mortality and as a potential therapeutic target in clinical practice. Especially in centers lacking invasive hemodynamic monitoring.
Closure of skin with simple interrupted Prolene suturing versus subcuticular continuous Monocryl suturing after ORIF of distal radius fractures
Authors: Jáuregui Alfonso G. , Ruiz Maria del Carmen G. , Lemus Miguel B. , Gonzalez César J. S. , Huerta Fatima D. , Rivas Carlos M. , Jaramillo-Zamora Cristofer , Rincon Laura C. L. 
Published: May 2023

Objectives:
The aim of the study was to assess the effects of subcuticular absorbable versus interrupted nonabsorbable sutures for skin closure after distal radius fracture (DRF) fixation surgery in adults on post-operative pain, hand function, scar satisfaction, wound inflammation, and adverse events.

Methods:
A retrospective study was conducted with 65 patients undergoing DRF surgical treatment between March 2022 and December 2022. Patients were divided into two groups: Traditional interrupted suture with Prolene® (n = 27) and subcuticular continuous suture with Monocryl® (n = 38). Pain intensity, complications, and cosmetics were evaluated.

Results:
Subcuticular continuous suture with Monocryl® was superior to traditional interrupted suture with Prolene® in terms of the number of complications and esthetic and functional outcomes.

Conclusion:
This study concluded that the subcuticular suturing with absorbable monofilament Monocryl® proved advantageous compared to simple interrupted suturing with Prolene® because it presented better results regarding pain intensity and esthetic results, with fewer complications.
Usefulness of cyst-subarachnoid shunt using syringo-subarachnoid shunt tube for symptomatic enlarging ventriculus terminalis: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Shigekawa Seiji , Matsui Seishi , Inoue Akihiro , Shinohara Naoki , Kunieda Takeharu 
Published: May 2023

Background:
The ventriculus terminalis (VT) is a cystic embryological remnant of the conus medullaris that usually regresses after birth. This structure rarely persists into adulthood and may produce neurological symptoms. We recently encountered three cases of symptomatic enlarging VT.

Case Description:
The three female patients were 78, 64, and 67 years old. Symptoms included pain, numbness, motor weakness, and frequent urination that gradually worsened. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed cystic dilatations of slow growing VT. These patients showed marked improvement after cyst-subarachnoid shunt using a syringo-subarachnoid shunt tube.

Conclusion:
Symptomatic enlarging VT is an extremely rare cause of conus medullaris syndrome and the optimal treatment strategy remains unclear. Surgical management may thus be appropriate for patients with symptomatic enlarging VT.