bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WHO, WHEN, HOW: a scoping review on flexible at-home respite for informal caregivers of older adults
Authors: Viens Maude , Éthier Alexandra , Provencher Véronique , Carrier Annie 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: As the world population is aging, considerable efforts need to be put towards developing and maintaining evidenced based care for older adults. Respite services are part of the selection of home care offered to informal caregivers. Although current best practices around respite are rooted in person centeredness, no integrated synthesis of its flexible components exists. Such a synthesis could offer a better understanding of key characteristics of flexible respite and, as such, support its implementation and use.
Methods: To map the literature around the characteristics of flexible at-home respite for informal caregivers of older adults, a scoping study was conducted. Qualitative data from the review was analyzed using content analysis. The characterisation of flexible at-home respite was built on three dimensions: WHO, WHEN and HOW. To triangulate the scoping results, an online questionnaire was distributed to home care providers and informal caregivers of older adults.
Results: A total of 42 documents were included in the review. The questionnaire was completed by 105 participants. The results summarize the characteristics of flexible at-home respite found in the literature. Flexibility in respite can be understood through three dimensions: 1) WHOis tendering it, 2) WHEN it is tendered and 3) HOW it is tendered. Firstly, human resources (WHO) must be compatible with the homecare sector as well as being trained and qualified to offer respite to informal caregivers of older adults. Secondly, flexible respite includes considerations of time, duration, frequency, and predictability (WHEN). Lastly, flexible at-home respite exhibits approachability, appropriateness, affordability, availability, and acceptability (HOW). Overall, flexible at-home respite adjusts to the needs of the informal caregiver and care recipient in terms of WHO, WHEN, and HOW.
Conclusion: This review is a step towards defining more precisely flexible at-home respite. Flexibility of home care, in particular respite, as to be taken into account when designing, implementing and evaluating services.
Urine apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage is an early predictor of acute kidney injury post- cardiac surgery
Authors: Nishijima Shuhei , Miyazaki Toru , Nakamura Yoshitsugu , Asao Mayu , Murakami Yusuke , Ohiro Yoshiyuki , Saito Satoshi , Niinami Hiroshi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) has high morbidity and mortality. Apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage (AIM) is key to improving AKI, enhancing the phagocytic clearance of dead cells within proximal renal tubules. Free AIM (fAIM) comprises short fAIM (S-fAIM) and full-length fAIM (F-fAIM). Although S-fAIM and F-fAIM appear in the urine during AKI, the association between AKI prognosis and AIM remains unclear.
Methods: We studied 102 patients who underwent cardiac surgery from December 2020 to June 2021. Urine was sampled before and after surgery. fAIM and F-fAIM were analysed using a bioluminescent enzyme immunoassay. Other markers of AKI were also measured.
Results:Thirty-seven patients developed AKI post-surgery, diagnosed according to the KDIGO guidelines. Mean fAIM and F-fAIM concentrations were significantly higher in patients with AKI than in patients without AKI 0 h post-surgery (p < 0.001 and p = 0.003, respectively) but decreased rapidly 3 h later. Urinary fAIM and F-fAIM had an area under the curve values of 0.72 and 0.67, respectively, 0 h post-surgery. fAIM and F-fAIM levels showed similar kinetics to those of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and liver-type fatty acid-binding protein.
Conclusions: Urinary fAIM and F-fAIM excretion may be useful early biomarkers for predicting AKI in adults following cardiac surgery. fAIM and F-fAIM may be comparable in their diagnostic ability with the currently known markers of AKI.
Experimental study on the dynamics of droplet impacting on a hydrophobic surface
Authors: Li JiangFeng , Zhao Chen , Wang ChengYao 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
An experimental visualization is undertaken to investigate the impact dynamic behaviors of water, absolute ethanol, and low surface energy droplets with different viscosities impacting on hydrophobic surfaces. The behaviors of droplets, including spreading, rebounding and oscillation retraction are observed and quantitatively characterized by transient spreading factor and maximum spreading diameter. Effects of droplet impact velocity, surface wettability, and droplet viscosity on the impact dynamics are explored and analyzed. As the droplet impact velocity increases, the droplet kinetic energy increases, resulting in that the spreading factor and spreading velocity increase simultaneously and the maximum spreading diameter of droplets increases with a gradual slower speed. Hydrophobic surfaces are not easily wetted by water droplets due to their low surface energy, leading to the partial rebound of water droplets when they impact on the hydrophobic surfaces. However, this phenomenon does not occur when low surface energy droplets such as absolute ethanol and simethicone impact on hydrophobic surfaces at the same velocity. The increasing droplet viscosity enhances the viscous dissipation, slowing down the impact process and inhibiting the droplet spreading, oscillation and retraction behaviors. Based on the energy conservation method, a universal model for the maximum spreading factor of low surface energy droplets with different viscosities impacting hydrophobic surface was established. According the experimental results, a new spreading time model tm=2D0/U0 was proposed to enhance applicability of the model for low surface energy droplets with high viscosity, reducing the calculation error to less than 10%.
Research On Driving Behavior Recognition By Smart Car Sensors
Authors: Hao Aoxing , Qi Huanwei , Liang Hongbin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In the previous research on driving behavior, based on multi-source sensor data, the traditional method adopts the method of manually designing features, which has a large number of features and involves many professional fields. Most of the research on multi-source time series sensor data mainly focuses on the extraction of time series features, ignoring the connection between feature channels. Therefore, this chapter uses the GRU-FCN (Gated Recurrent Unit-Fully Convolutional Network) neural network model based on channel attention to study driving behavior recognition. A fully convolutional neural network (FCN) neural network that can automatically extract features is used to replace the traditional manual feature extraction method. At the same time, the Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) is used to act on multi-source sensor data. Experiments show that GRU is even better than the LSTM model in some tasks, which can greatly improve the training efficiency. Finally, in order to pay special attention to the contribution of certain feature channels to classification and improve the accuracy of classification, this chapter introduces a squeeze-and-excitation block (SE block) to adaptively adjust the weight of each feature channel (channel attention), and recalibrate the features to improve the representation ability of the network.
Cell Phone Microscopy Enabled Low-cost Manufacturable Colorimetric Urine Glucose Test
Authors: Meng Zhuolun , Raji Hassan , Tayyab Muhammad , Javanmard Mehdi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Glucose is a crucial biomarker for monitoring and diagnosing various diseases, such as hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, and diabetes, which can cause severe symptoms in human beings. Therefore, there is a growing demand for fast, affordable, and easy-to-use diagnostic tools. In this paper, we present a novel glucose sensor that accurately measures glucose concentration in urine, meeting the ASSURED criteria (Affordable, Sensitive, Specific, User-friendly, Rapid, and Equipment-free). The glucose sensor we developed is based on microfluidic devices made from disposable and medical-grade tapes, as well as glucose urine analysis strips on a microscope glass slide. The microfluidic channels were fabricated using laser cutting instead of traditional cleanroom methods, which makes this glucose sensor rapid, economical, and equipment-free to produce. After absorbing the target solution, the disposable device is placed in a 3D-printed box and the phone camera is used to capture images of the analysis strips for further colorimetric processing. Our paper demonstrates the capability of the glucose sensor to quantify glucose in sucrose water using an exponential regression model that specifies the relationship between glucose concentrations and average RGB values.
A Study on IOT Technology and Its Application in the Appreciation of Tang and Song Literature
Authors: Sheng Jinhui , Jia Xiumei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
How to achieve efficient appreciation and intelligent parsing of Tang and Song literatures are two major difficulties in the field of studying Tang and Song literatures nowadays. Based on this, this paper investigates the application of multidimensional spatio-temporal IoT parsing model combined with cone stacking algorithm in the appreciation of Tang and Song literatures. Firstly, we summarize the current research status of Tang and Song literature appreciation, and propose a multidimensional spatio-temporal IoT analysis model based on cone stacking algorithm according to the characteristics of Tang and Song literature, and combine the application ideas of various appreciation models in Tang and Song literature appreciation to normalize the multidimensional analysis of traditional Tang and Song literature database to achieve accurate appreciation from different perspectives, and then analyze the accuracy and objectivity of the appreciation model. The accuracy and objectivity of the appreciation model are then analyzed. Secondly, the set of evaluation functions of the multidimensional spatio-temporal IoT analysis model in this application is constructed, and the characteristics and appreciation ideas of current literary masters are combined in the optimal appreciation, and the error of the composite appreciation analysis function is improved, while the cone stacking algorithm is combined with the multidimensional spatio-temporal IoT analysis appreciation model to realize the internal intelligent learning. Finally, a validation experiment is designed, and the results show that the multidimensional spatio-temporal IoT analysis model based on the cone stacking algorithm can quickly and accurately achieve the appreciation of conventional Tang and Song literature from multiple levels.
Relationship Between Bone Mineral Density and Serum Cystatin C in Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: NADİR EBRU , NOYAN AYTÜL 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of steroid therapy on bone metabolism in children with nephrotic syndrome to demonstrate that serum cystatin C is a parameter of bone resorption, and to detect early stages of bone resorption.Methods The study included 69 patients with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome and 21 controls. Patients were divided into three groups for the study. Biochemical markers of bone metabolism ,serum cystatin C levels and Lumbar Bone Mineral Dencity Z score of patients was measured.Results Our study found that patients with nephrotic syndrome who received steroid therapy had a lower lumbar BMD-Z score than those who did not receive steroid therapy and higher serum cystatin C values. Serum cystatin C levels of patients in remission who continued steroid treatment were found to be higher than those in remission who did not receive steroid treatment and controls (p = 0.007), (p = 0.037). The Bone Mineral Dencity-Z score of patients treated with steroids in remission and active nephrotic period was found to be statistically significantly lower than that of healthy children (p = 0.016), (p = 0.003).Conclusion Bone mineral density decreases while serum cystatin C levels increase in patients with nephrotic syndrome treated with steroids. This suggested that an increase in cystatin C could be an early sign of bone resorption and could be used as a parameter of bone resorption.
Comparison of postoperative adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy and no further therapy after radical surgery in intermediate-risk early-stage cervical cancer
Authors: Nishimura Hiroki , Amano Tsukuru , Yoneoka Yutaka , Tsuji Shunichiro , Taga Yukiko , Aki Megumi , Uno Masaya , Moritani Suzuko , Murakami Ryusuke , Kato Tomoyasu , Murakami Takashi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
An optimal treatment for intermediate-risk early-stage cervical cancer has not been reported. The aim of this study was to identify populations that require platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy and those who require no further therapy for intermediate-risk early-stage cervical cancer.
Methods
Between January 2007 and December 2018, we reviewed the records of patients diagnosed with cervical cancer International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IA2-IIA2, and who were classified as intermediate-risk group for recurrence. These patients were either treated with chemotherapy or received no further therapy after radical hysterectomy. We examined the overall survival and recurrence-free survival rates in the chemotherapy group and the group that received no further therapy.
Results
Of the 151 patients, 55 underwent chemotherapy and 96 received no further therapy. In the group that received no further therapy, the squamous cell carcinoma group with three risk factors and the non-squamous cell carcinoma group with two to three risk factors had significantly poorer recurrence-free-survival rates than the other groups, and chemotherapy significantly improved the recurrence-free-survival rates in this group. Recurrence-free-survival rates were not significantly different between the squamous cell carcinoma group with one to two risk factors and non-squamous cell carcinoma group with one risk factor.
Conclusion
CT is essential for the SCC group with three risk factors and non-SCC group with two to three risk factors. NFT was preferable for the other groups with fewer risk factors.
Outcomes of sentinel node biopsy according to MRI response in an association with the subtypes in cN1-3 breast cancer after neoadjuvant systemic therapy, Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Bae Soong June , Chun Jung Whan , Lee Sae Byul , Ryu Jai Min , Nam Seok Jin , Jeong Joon , Park Hyung Seok , Ahn Sung Gwe 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
This study investigated the feasibility of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) after neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NAST) in patients with initially high nodal burden.
Methods
In the multicenter retrospective cohort, 388 individuals with cN1-3 breast cancer who underwent NAST and had SLNB followed by completion axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) were included. In an external validation cohort, 267 patients with HER2+ or triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) meeting similar inclusion criteria were included. Primary outcome was the false-negative rates (FNRs) of SLNB according to the MRI response and subtypes. We defined complete MRI responders as patients who experienced disappearance of suspicious features in the breast and axilla after NAST.
Results.
In the multicenter retrospective cohort (n = 388), 130 (33.5%) patients were cN2-3, while 55 (14.2%) showed complete MRI responses. In hormone receptor-positive HER2- (n=207), complete and non-complete responders had a high FNRs (31.3% [95% CI, 8.6–54.0] and 20.9% [95% CI, 14.1–27.6], respectively). However, in HER2+ or TNBC (n=181), the FNR of complete MRI responders was 0% (95% CI, 0–0), whereas that of non-complete responders was 33.3% (95% CI, 20.8–45.9). When we validated our findings in the external cohort with HER2+ or TNBC (n = 267), of which 34.2% were cN2-3, the FNRs of complete were 7.1% (95% CI, 0–16.7).
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that SLNB can be a reliable option for nodal status evaluation in selected patients who have responded well to NAST, especially in HER2+ and TNBC patients who show a complete MRI response.
The impact of microsatellite instability in patients with locally advanced resectable gastric cancer undergoing perioperative therapy
Authors: Sun Henian , Nered Sergei Nikolaevich , Tryakin Alexey Alexandrovich , Zhong Baojun , Bugaev Vladislav Evgenievich , Kalinin Oleksiy Evgenievich , Stilidi Ivan Socratovich 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
According to TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) and ACRG (Asian Cancer Research Group) classifications, tumors with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) are classified as a specific group. Currently, perioperative chemotherapy is a standard of care in patients with locally advanced resectable gastric cancer (LARGC) in Western countries. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown efficacy in the treatment of metastatic gastric cancer, but their role in the neoadjuvant setting has not been studied. It is still unknown whether MSI-H tumors can benefit from perioperative therapy.
Methods
We analyzed patients with LARGC who had perioperative therapy from September 2019 to March 2023 at N.N.Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology (Russia Federation). All patients were analyzed for MSI using PCR. Clinico-pathological factors, tumor regression grade (according to Mandard classification), disease-free (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were calculated and correlated with MSI status. Patients with MSI-H after December 2021 received perioperative chemoimmunotherapy (FOLFOX + nivolumab).
Results
The MSI-H phenotype was indicated in 29 (10.35%) out of 280 analyzed tumors. In 272 patients who received perioperative chemotherapy, the 2-year DFS was 51.40% in MSI-H tumors vs. 68.35% in MSS tumors (HR = 2.22, 95% CI 1.08–4.54, p = 0.028). The 2-year OS was 62.1% in MSI-H tumors vs. 83.27% in MSS tumors (HR = 2.71, 95% CI 1.12–6.53, p = 0.026). 3 (37.5%) patients out of 8 with MSI-H status who received perioperative chemoimmunotherapy had a complete pathologic response (TRG-1).
Conclusion
Our study shows diminished survival in patients with MSI-H gastric cancer undergoing perioperative chemotherapy. Then introduction of immunotherapy into perioperative treatment in patients with MSI-H gastric cancer demonstrates encouraging activity.
Irregularity index and asymptotic spectrum of spherical densities of the Penta-Sierpinski gasket
Authors: Mera María Eugenia , Morán Manuel 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We compute the centred Hausdorff measure, $C^{s}(\mathbf{P})\sim2.44$, and the packing measure, $P^{s}(\mathbf{P})\sim6.77$, of the penta-Sierpinski gasket, $\mathbf{P}$, with explicit error bounds. We also compute the full spectra of asymptotic spherical densities of these measures in $\mathbf{P}$, which, in contrast with that of the Sierpinski gasket consists of a unique interval. These results allow us to compute the irregularity index of $\mathbf{P}$, $\mathcal{I}(\mathbf{P})\sim0.6398$, which we define for any self-similar set $E$ with open set condition as $\mathcal{I}(E)=1-\frac{C^{s}(E))}{P^{s}(E)}$.
Mathematics Subject Classification. 28A78, 28A80, 28A75.
Hot/Warm CO2 Removal Processes for IGCC Power Plant
Authors: Chen Shiaoguo , Wang Ping , Hopkinson David P. , Ciferno Jared P. , Duan Yuhua 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Compared with a pulverized coal power plant, the integrated gasification combined Cycle (IGCC) has several advantages, such as better environmental performance, less solid waste, lower water consumption, and capability of phased construction, to render a less expensive CO2 sequestration process. Because of these advantages, IGCC is considered as an enabling technology for clean coal processes for future power generation and transportation fuel - as well as for CO2 mitigation. By analyzing the traditional CO2 removal processes, in this study, we proposed a new generic hot/warm CO2 removal process for IGCC power plant. Our analyzed results on the newly proposed process demonstrate that, even though, higher the temperature of the hot/warm CO2 removal process is, the larger the required heat of adsorption will be. However, if the whole adsorption/desorption cycle takes place at temperature higher than the highest steam temperature in steam cycle, our analysis indicates that the process may lead to minimal electricity loss.
Stochastic homogenization of micromagnetic energies and emergence of magnetic skyrmions
Authors: Davoli Elisa , D'Elia Lorenza , Ingmanns Jonas 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We perform a stochastic-homogenization analysis for composite materials exhibiting a random microstructure. Under the assumptions of stationarity and ergodicity, we characterize the Gamma-limit of a micromagnetic energy functional defined on magnetizations taking value in the unit sphere, and including both symmetric and antisymmetric exchange contributions. This Gamma-limit corresponds to a micromagnetic energy functional with homogeneous coefficients. We provide explicit formulas for the effective magnetic properties of the composite material in terms of homogenization correctors. Additionally, the variational analysis of the two exchange energy terms is performed in the more general setting of functionals defined on manifold-valued maps with Sobolev regularity, in the case in which the target manifold is a bounded, orientable smooth surface with tubular neighborhood of uniform thickness. Eventually, we present an explicit characterization of minimizers of the effective exchange in the case of magnetic multilayers, providing quantitative evidence of Dzyaloshinskii's predictions on the emergence of helical structures in composite ferromagnetic materials with stochastic microstructure.
Pm or Em which are products of three repdigits in base δ
Authors: Tiebekabe Pagdame , Ad\'edji Kou\`essi Norbert 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Let Pm and Em be the m-th Padovan and Perrin numbers respectively. In this paper, we prove that for a fixed integer δ with δ ≥ 2 there exists a finite Padovan and Perrin numbers that can be representable as products of three repdigits in base δ. Moreover, we explicitly find these numbers for 2 ≤ δ ≤ 10 as an applications.
Improved community detection for WDN partitioning in the dual topology based on segments and valves
Authors: Creaco Enrico , Giudicianni Carlo , Mottahedin Amirabbas 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

This paper proposes a formulation of modularity tailored to the dual water distribution network (WDN) topology based on segments and valves, to be conveniently adopted for the partitioning into district-metered areas (DMAs). Notably, it allows considering both properties to be made uniform across DMAs, such as water demand or total pipe length, and properties to be made uniform inside each DMA, such as nodal ground elevations or pipe age for the sake of pressure regulation or maintenance easiness, respectively. This paper also proposes a new algorithm for the identification of the optimal clustering of WDN segments into any desired number of DMAs. Taking as a starting point any WDN clustering solution, i.e., the solution obtained with Newman's fast algorithm for community detection, the novel algorithm operates by exploring changes in the community of belonging to segments lying in the boundary between adjacent communities, by applying an optimization inspired by the simulated annealing technique. The applications of the novel modularity formulation and optimization algorithm to two case studies yield well-performing clustering solutions in terms of engineering judgment criteria, such as the low number of inter-DMA boundary pipes, uniformity of DMAs and hydraulic performance.