bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationships between neuropsychiatric symptoms and cognitive profiles in Alzheimer's disease and related syndromes
Authors: Seixas‐Lima Bruna , Binns Malcolm , Black Sandra E. , Fischer Corinne , Freedman Morris , Kumar Sanjeev , Lahiri Durjoy , Roncero Carlos Tyler , Strother Stephen , Tang‐Wai David F. , Tartaglia Maria Carmela , Chertkow Howard ,   the TDRA Clinical Research Database Group
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the rate of occurrence of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and their relationship with age, sex and cognitive performance in subjects with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (Alzheimer's disease and related dementias [ADRD]).MethodsThis is a retrospective matched case‐control study. Data from memory clinic patients included demographic information presence of NPS, and cognitive testing of Orientation, Immediate and Delayed Memory, Visuospatial Function, Working Memory, Attention, Executive Control and Language. Participants were Individuals with subjective cognitive impairment (n = 352), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (n = 369), vascular MCI (n = 80), Alzheimer's disease (n = 147), vascular dementia (n = 41), mixed dementia (n = 33), and healthy controls (n = 305). Logistic regression was used to investigate the relationship between the presence of NPS, age and sex. A generalised additive model was used to investigate the relationship between presence of NPS, age and cognitive impairment. Analysis of variance was used to investigate differences in cognition between younger and older groups with and without NPS.ResultsWe found an increased likelihood of occurrence of NPS in younger individuals and females across cohorts. Anxiety, depression, agitation, and apathy were associated with higher overall rate of NPS. We also found that individuals under 65 years of age with NPS had worse cognitive scores than their counterpart without NPS.ConclusionThe younger group with ADRD and NPS had lower cognitive scores, probably reflecting more aggressive neurodegenerative disease. Further work will be needed to elicit the degree to which imaging or mechanistic abnormalities distinguish this group.
An update on vaccine status and the role of nanomedicine against SARS‐CoV‐2: A narrative review
Authors: Tajnur Rabeya , Rezwan Refaya , Aziz Md. Abdul , Islam Mohammad Safiqul 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), caused by the SARS‐CoV‐2 novel coronavirus, is a highly communicable disease that gave rise to the ongoing pandemic. Despite prompt action across many laboratories in many countries, effective management of this disease is still out of reach. The focus of this review is to describe various vaccination approaches and nanomedicine‐based delivery systems against COVID‐19.MethodsThe articles included in this study were searched and added from different electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Embase, and preprint databases.ResultsMass immunization with vaccines is currently at the forefront of COVID‐19 infection control. Such vaccines are live attenuated vaccines, inactivated vaccines, nucleic acid‐based vaccines, protein subunit vaccines, viral‐vector vaccines, and virus‐like particle platforms. However, many promising avenues are currently being explored in laboratory and clinical settings, including treatment options, prevention, diagnosis, and management of the disease. Soft nanoparticles like lipid nanoparticles (solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNPs), liposomes, nanostructured lipid carriers, nanoemulsions, and protein nanoparticles play an essential role in nanomedicine. Because of their unique and excellent properties, nanomedicines have potential applications in treating COVID‐19 disease.ConclusionsThis review work provides an overview of the therapeutic aspects of COVID‐19, including vaccination and the role of nanomedicines in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of COVID‐19.
The recent outbreaks of Marburg virus disease in African countries are indicating potential threat to the global public health: Future prediction from historical data
Authors: Ahmed Iftekhar , Salsabil Lubaba , Hossain Md. Jamal , Shahriar Mohammad , Bhuiyan Mohiuddin Ahmed , Islam Md. Rabiul 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMarburg virus disease (MVD) caused by the Marburg virus has a high mortality rate. Rousettus aegyptiacus fruit bats act as the natural reservoir host of the virus. But it can also potentially be transmitted from person to person through direct contact with body secretions. The recent outbreaks have already killed seven people out of nine confirmed cases in Equatorial Guinea and five patients out of eight confirmed cases in Tanzania. In the recent past, Ghana reported three MVD cases and two associated deaths in 2022. Specific treatments or vaccines are unavailable for MVD, and supportive care is the primary treatment option. The history of MVD outbreaks and the current scenario show its potential to become an emerging threat to global public health. The recent outbreaks in Tanzania and Equatorial Guinea have already caused a high fatality rate. The absence of effective treatment and vaccines raises concerns about the potential to cause widespread harm. Besides, its capacity for human‐to‐human transmission and potential to cross the country's border could result in a multicountry outbreak. Therefore, we recommend intensive surveillance of MVD, preventative measures, and early detection to limit the spread of the disease and prevent another pandemic.
Semantic automatic annotation method based on artificial intelligence for electric power internet of things
Authors: Jin Yaxi , Zhang Yongkang , Xue Weihao , Shen Pengfei , Jin Zhaoying , He Tao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe development of the power Internet of Things is currently underway, and a proposal for a semantic Internet of Things based on artificial intelligence algorithms is made to address the challenges in obtaining prior knowledge for heterogeneous data fusion, improving the real‐time performance of the ontology library, and enhancing the efficiency of manual labeling of instance object data in the power field. This proposal introduces an Automatic Semantic Annotation Method to provide an effective knowledge organization model for sensor systems. Data mining knowledge is utilized to drive ontology update and improvement, resulting in more accurate semantic annotation and enhanced machine understanding. Experimental results show that artificial intelligence algorithms can automatically extract concepts from sensory data and achieve automatic semantic annotation during ontology instantiation.
Photophysical and biological aspects of α, β‐unsaturated ketones: Experimental and in silico approach
Authors: Samreen Hafiza Saba , Hussain Ajaz , Yar Muhammad , Alshammari Mohammed Battah , Ayub Khurshid , Adeel Muhammad , Tariq Muhammad , Lateef Mehreen , Bakht Mohammed Afroz , Rasool Faiz 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this work, four fluorinated α, β‐unsaturated ketones named as 3‐(3‐bromophenyl)−1‐(3‐(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)prop‐2‐en‐1‐one (1), 3‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)−1‐(3‐(trifluoromethyl)phenyl) prop‐2‐en‐1‐one (2), 3‐(3‐bromo‐5‐chloro‐2‐hydroxyphenyl)‐1‐(3‐(trifluoromethyl)phenyl) prop‐2‐en‐1‐one (3) and 3‐(2‐hydroxy‐5‐methylphenyl)‐1‐(3‐(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)prop‐2‐en‐1‐one (4) were synthesized by Claisen–Schmidt reaction. The synthesized molecules were then characterized through ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy (UV‐Vis), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR, and mass spectrometry. The antioxidant potential, Urease inhibition, and interaction of compounds 1–4 with Salmon sperm DNA were experimentally explored and supported by molecular docking studies. The synthesized compounds strongly interact with SS‐DNA through intercalative mode. It was noticed that compound 1 served as potent Urease inhibitor while compound 4 as better antioxidant among synthesized compounds. Moreover, frontier molecular orbitals, nonlinear optical (NLO) properties, natural bond orbitals, molecular electrostatic potential, natural population analysis, and photophysical properties of synthesized compounds were accomplished through density functional theory and time‐dependent density functional theory. The band gap of all the compounds have been worked out using Taucs method. In addition to that, a precise comparative account of UV and IR data obtained from theoretical and experimental findings showed good agreement between theoretical and experimental data. The findings of our studies reflected that compounds 1–4 possess better NLO properties than Urea standard and the band gap data also reflected their prospective use towards optoelectronic materials. The better NLO behavior of compounds was attributed to the noncentrosymmetric structure of synthesized compounds.
Melatonin protected against kidney impairment induced by 5‐fluorouracil in mice
Authors: Elbanan Mona E. , Amer Maggie E. , El‐Missiry Mohamed A. , Othman Azza I. , Shabana Sameh M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe utility of 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) as a successful chemotherapeutic drug for several cancers is limited by the induction of kidney injury and dysfunction due to redox imbalance, inflammation, and apoptosis. Meanwhile, melatonin (MLT) is a potent antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory natural compound with a wide safety range. The current study aimed to investigate MLT's protective effect against 5‐FU‐induced kidney impairment. Male mice were given multiple doses of 5‐FU at 25 and 100 mg/kg, as well as MLT at 20 mg/kg. MLT treatment alleviated the toxic effect of 5‐FU by normalizing blood urea and creatinine levels and preserving the histological structure, indicating MLT's nephroprotective ability. This is accompanied by body weight maintenance, an increase in survival percentage, and preserved hematological parameters in comparison to the 5‐FU‐treated mice. MLT's renoprotective effect was explained by improvements in C‐reactive protein, IL‐6, and caspase‐3 in kidney tissue, indicating MLT's anti‐inflammatory and antiapoptotic ability. Furthermore, MLT inhibited 5‐FU‐induced lipid peroxidation by maintaining the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase, as well as glutathione levels in kidney tissue from mice treated with both doses of 5‐FU. The current findings show that MLT has a novel protective effect against 5‐FU‐induced renal injury and renal impairment.
COVID–19肺炎と鑑別を要した造血器腫瘍に併発した急性呼吸不全の1例(A case of acute respiratory failure accompanied by a hematopoietic tumor differentiated from COVID–19 pneumonia)
Authors: 光 間﨑 , 靖 金子 , 尚実 釣木澤 , 英樹 屋代 , 佑一 栗原 , 文 佐々木 , 季久雄 葉 
Published: July 2023

要旨　症例は55歳の男性，発熱と呼吸困難感を主訴に来院した。本邦では新型コロナウイルス感染症（coronavirus disease 2019: COVID–19）の市中感染が流行し始めた時期であった。来院時の胸部CTではCOVID–19を疑う両側のすりガラス影を呈したが，SARS–CoV–2 PCR検査は陰性であった。呼吸状態は増悪し，気管挿管・人工呼吸器管理とし，ステロイド投与を開始した。集中治療の結果，約2週間の経過を経て抜管することができた。経過中，SARS–CoV–2 PCR検査を計3回施行したがすべて陰性であった。抜管後から関節痛と紫斑が出現し，血球減少が進行，末梢血からは異型細胞が検出された。骨髄検査では，末梢血と同様の異型細胞が，皮膚生検では真皮中層を中心に血管内および血管周囲にCD79a陽性細胞が検出され血管内大細胞型B細胞リンパ腫（intravascular large B cell lymphoma: IVLBCL）と診断し，近医血液内科へ転院となった。IVLBCLを含めた造血器悪性腫瘍に随伴する急性呼吸不全とCOVID–19肺炎はCT所見でのすりガラス影が酷似することが示唆された。CT所見ですりガラス影を呈し，SARS–CoV–2 PCR検査陰性の場合は，造血器腫瘍も鑑別に挙げる必要がある。
閉塞性大腸炎にCommunity–associated Clostridioides difficile Infectionが関与した1例(A case of obstructive colitis related with Community–associated Clostridioides difficile Infection which required intensive care)
Authors: 薫 小川 , 治郎 神山 , 源 鈴木 , 大輔 山本 , 勝伸 勅使河原 , 茂正 田口 , 和也 清田 
Published: July 2023

要旨　Clostridioides difficile Infection（CDI）は医療関連感染性下痢症の代表的な原因である。入院歴や抗菌薬の使用歴がないにも関わらず，CDIを発症するcommunity–associated CDI（CACDI）が近年増加傾向である。今回我々は，CACDIを合併した閉塞性大腸炎を救命できた1例を経験した。症例は80歳の男性。尿道狭窄による腎後性腎不全のため約7年前に内尿道切開術を施行した。以後当院泌尿器科で月に1回尿道留置カテーテル交換を実施。今回，2週間前から排便の停止あり。1週間前に当院外来を受診し糞便性腸閉塞の診断で浣腸を施行し，帰宅した。以後も腹部膨満感が持続，体動困難となり救急要請した。来院時意識障害と低血圧を認め，血液検査で炎症反応の上昇と急性腎障害，代謝性アシドーシスを認めた。CTで直腸の高度狭窄と糞便を認め，bacterial translocationに伴う敗血症性ショックの診断でICUに入院した。入院第2病日にCDトキシン陽性よりCDIと診断した。バンコマイシンの経胃投薬とメトロニダゾールの点滴投薬，腎代替療法，人工呼吸管理に伴い全身状態は改善した。第17病日にS状結腸人工肛門造設術を施行した。第26病日にICUを退出した。抗菌薬の使用や入院歴がない閉塞性大腸炎患者を診察するときはCACDIの併発も念頭に置いた診療を考慮すべきである。
肩甲帯部重複損傷から遅発性に上気道狭窄を生じた2例(Two cases of delayed airway stenosis due to complex injuries of the shoulder girdle)
Authors: 渉 白坂 , 直巳 岡田 
Published: July 2023

要旨　肩甲帯部重複損傷は高エネルギーの外傷を原因とする。この損傷に伴い，遅発性の上気道狭窄を生じうることは知られていない。今回，前述の経過をたどった2症例を経験した。肩甲帯部は結合組織が疎であるため，骨折部からの出血や軟部組織損傷による腫脹が緩徐に増大する。肩甲帯部重複損傷の症例は，遅発性に上気道狭窄が生じることを想定し，入院管理で持続的に呼吸状態を観察する必要がある。
Antioxidant system alterations and physiological characteristics of neonatal and juvenile DAT‐KO rats
Authors: Apryatin S. A. , Traktirov D. S. , Karpenko M. N. , Ivleva I. S. , Pestereva N. S. , Bolshakova M. V. , Trofimov A. N. , Fesenko Z. S. , Klimenko V. M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDopamine transporter knockout (DAT‐KO) rats represent a valuable rodent model for studying the molecular and phenotypical outcomes of the effects of excessive dopamine accumulation in the synaptic cleft and the prolonged action of dopamine on neurons. Animals with DAT deficiency are characterized by hyperactivity, stereotypy, cognitive deficits, and impairments in behavioral and biochemical indicators. Several key pathophysiological mechanisms are known to be common to psychiatric, neurodegenerative, metabolic, and other diseases. Among these mechanisms, oxidative stress systems play a particularly important role. One of the main antioxidant systems in the brain is glutathione: specifically, glutathione S‐transferase, glutathione reductase, and catalase play a significant role in the regulation of vital oxidative processes, and their dysfunction has been shown in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and other neurodegenerative diseases. The current study aimed to analyze the dynamics of the activity levels of glutathione reductase and glutathione S‐transferase in erythrocytes, as well as catalase in the blood plasma, of DAT‐deficient, homo‐ and heterozygous, neonatal and juvenile rats (both male and female). Their behavioral and physiological parameters were evaluated at the age of 1.5 months. For the first time, changes in physiological and biochemical parameters were shown in DAT‐KO rats at 1.5 months of postnatal life. The key role of glutathione S‐transferase, glutathione reductase, and catalase in the regulation of oxidative stress in DAT‐KO rats at the 5th week of life was demonstrated. A positive effect of a slightly increased dopamine level on memory function was shown in DAT‐heterozygous animals.
Nitrogen use efficiency of microalgae application in wheat compared to mineral fertilizer
Authors: Mückschel Flora , Ollo Elijah , Glaeser Stefanie P. , Düring Rolf , Yan Feng , Velten Hermann , Theilen Ulf , Frei Michael 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundWastewater from sewage treatment plants contains high levels of nutrients, which can be used for plant nutrition. Classical wastewater treatment plants use complex microbial consortia of autotrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms for biological wastewater treatment. Certain autotrophic microalgae (e.g., species of the genera Chlorella, Scenedesmus, and Pediastrum) accumulate nutrients from wastewater very effectively.AimsWe investigated the potential of microalgae biomass obtained from a prototype wastewater treatment plant as a source of nutrients for crops, focusing on nitrogen.MethodsWe provided wheat plants with different levels of algae biomass equivalent to 60, 120, and 180 kg N per hectare or with mineral fertilizer (N, P, and K) equivalent to the amounts contained in the algal biomass. Physiological and phenotypic traits were measured during growth, including vegetation indices, photosynthetic performance, growth, and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). In addition, the adundances of Bacteria, Archaea and fungi and genes of ammonium oxidizing Bacteria and Archaea were determined in the rhizosphere of differently fertilized plants.ResultsMicroalgal application at fertilizer levels of 120 and 180 kg N ha–1 showed significantly improved physiological performance, growth, yield and nutrient uptake compared to the unfertilized control. Nevertheless, their yields and NUE were lower than with the application of equal amounts of mineral fertilization, while the adundance of rhizosphere microbes and ammonia‐oxidizing microorganisms were not significantly affected.ConclusionsMicroalgae from wastewater treatments form a suitable source of organic fertilizer for wheat plants with only moderate reductions in N use efficiency compared to mineral fertilizer.
The feasibility and utility of trauma screening for children involved in the juvenile justice system
Authors: Lang Jason M. , Lange Brittany C. L. , Connell Christian M. , Duran Tracy 
Published: July 2023

AbstractChildhood exposure to potentially traumatic events and adversity is highly prevalent and linked to adverse outcomes. Many children suffering from symptoms related to traumatic stress are not identified or do not receive appropriate trauma‐focused treatment, including evidence‐based treatments. Trauma screening is a promising strategy to improve identification, but many child‐serving staff members have concerns about asking youth and caregivers about trauma. This study aimed to describe staff perceptions about the feasibility, utility, and potential for distress associated with trauma screening. Between 2014 and 2019, the Child Trauma Screen was used in 1,272 trauma screenings completed by juvenile probation officers or mental health clinicians as part of routine practice with youth in the juvenile justice system. Further, 1,190 caregiver reports about youth trauma were completed for youth in the juvenile justice system. Staff completed a brief postscreening survey about the feasibility and utility of the screening and the perceived level of child or caregiver distress. Across staff roles, trauma screening was deemed to be feasible and worthwhile to practice, with very few staff members reporting that children or caregivers appeared very uncomfortable as a result of screening, although some differences in feasibility and utility by staff role did occur. Trauma screening measures appear to be useful and practical in juvenile justice settings when appropriate support is provided, including when administered by nonclinical staff. Nonclinical staff may benefit from additional training, consultation, or support with trauma screening.
Archiving website‐based references in academic papers: Problems caused by reference rot, potential solutions and limitations
Authors: Teixeira da Silva Jaime A. , Nazarovets Maryna 
Published: July 2023

Key points
Web‐based references form an integral part of academic culture and literature, as well as scientific communication.
The preservation of web‐based references that are cited in‐text or in reference lists of academic papers is essential to ensure the integrity of knowledge preservation.
When access or links to web‐based resources and references disappear, or if they are dysfunctional, these phenomena are collectively referred to as reference rot.
Even though reference rot degrades the integrity of information in academic papers, no industry‐wide solutions currently exist.
Given its prominence, we propose the Internet Archive as a possible solution to address reference rot, but also note its weaknesses and limitations.
Bioactive Phenylboronic Acid‐Functionalized Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels Induce Chondro‐Aggregates and Promote Chondrocyte Phenotype
Authors: Liu Ying , Yuan Zhongrun , Liu Sa , Zhong Xiupeng , Wang Yanyan , Xie Renjian , Song Wenjing , Ren Li 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHydrogels are extensively investigated as biomimetic extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds in tissue engineering. The physiological properties of ECM affect cellular behaviors, which is an inspiration for cell‐based therapies. Photocurable hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel (AHAMA‐PBA) modified with 3‐aminophenylboronic acid, sodium periodate, and methacrylic anhydride simultaneously is constructed in this study. Chondrocytes are then cultured on the surface of the hydrogels to evaluate the effect of the physicochemical properties of the hydrogels on modulating cellular behaviors. Cell viability assays demonstrate that the hydrogel is non‐toxic to chondrocytes. The existence of phenylboronic acid (PBA) moieties enhances the interaction of chondrocytes and hydrogel, promoting cell adhesion and aggregation through filopodia. RT‐PCR indicates that the gene expression levels of type II collagen, Aggrecan, and Sox9 are significantly up‐regulated in chondrocytes cultured on hydrogels. Moreover, the mechanical properties of the hydrogels have a significant effect on the cell phenotype, with soft gels (≈2 kPa) promoting chondrocytes to exhibit a hyaline phenotype. Overall, PBA‐functionalized HA hydrogel with low stiffness exhibits the best effect on promoting the chondrocyte phenotype, which is a promising biomaterial for cartilage regeneration.
Wind observations from hot‐air balloons and the application in an NWP model
Authors: de Bruijn Evert I. F. , Bosveld Fred C. , de Haan Siebren , Marseille Gert‐Jan , Holtslag Albert A. M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we report on a wind observation method based on the movement of hot‐air balloons (HABs). A quality assessment was carried out by comparing against wind observations at the meteorological tower of Cabauw in the Netherlands during May–September 2018, and the obtained standard deviations in error were and for the measured zonal and meridional wind components, respectively. Subsequent comparison against short‐term forecasts of the HARMONIE‐AROME model showed a standard deviation of 2.5 ms−1 for the wind vector difference. From the HAB observation set, a case was selected with a rapidly changing wind field belonging to a small intensifying depression. The HAB wind observation was applied in data assimilation as a proof of principle for a single‐observation experiment. It is shown that in a complex baroclinic situation, the model state is slightly improved.
Charismatic species should be large: The role of admiration and fear
Authors: Prokop Pavol , Zvaríková Martina , Zvarík Milan , Ježová Zuzana , Fedor Peter 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Humans show strong preferences for large, “charismatic” animals. However, the ultimate reasons for these innate preferences remain unclear.

In our research, we investigate the affective components of human attitudes toward animals, as well as the willingness to pay (WTP) for their conservation in a sample of N = 549 Slovak people using an online questionnaire.

From the use of structural equation modelling, we discovered that particularly large animals trigger both biophobic (fear) and biophilic (admiration) emotions in humans, and as a result, these emotions have contrasting effects on the WTP for animal conservation. Both fear and admiration of animals were influenced by the same emotions triggered by non‐animal objects. Beliefs in the magical power of animals did not directly influence the WTP animal conservation, but was mediated by the admiration of large, non‐animal objects. Females showed greater WTP animal conservation than males, irrespectively of the size of the species.

Therefore, we believe that biophobic responses from large animals and non‐animal objects in contemporary humans were inherited from our mammalian ancestors, who were targets of predation by large prehistoric reptiles throughout a significant part of mammalian evolutionary history.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.