bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the Applicable Height of Self-lifting (Self-supporting) Crossing Equipment Frame
Authors: Li Wenjie , Tang Yongcun , Ma Yong , Sun Lijiang , Meng Fanhao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Crossing frames with different heights can bear different external loads, which leads to the limitation of their application occasions. In order to explore the applicable occasions of self-lifting (self-supporting) crossing frame and guide the construction company to choose the height of crossing frame that meets the requirements, the parametric finite element model of crossing frame was established in this paper according to the preliminary design scheme of crossing frame. By analyzing the load combination of the crossing frame under different working conditions and taking the strength and stiffness of the frame as constraints, the applicable height of the crossing frame under working conditions, non-working conditions with stay wires and non-working conditions without stay wires was calculated respectively. The calculation results show that, the frame body without stay wires in non-working condition has more stringent requirements on the use of span frame body than the other two conditions. Therefore, the applicable height value of the frame body in the form of non-working condition without stay wires is taken as the standard value for design and use.
Influence of the position relationship between gas–liquid interface and laser focus on plasma evolution characteristics in jet LIBS technology
Authors: XUE Yuanyuan , SUI Mingda , LIU Runze , WANG Yiping , GUO Jinjia , TIAN Ye , LI Jiamin , LIU Meijie , ZHONG Shilei , XUE Gongyi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn order to understand the characteristics of breakdown process, plasma evolution and spectral emission in liquid jets laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy methods under the influence of the position variation between laser focus and gas–liquid interface, this work takes the plasma generated by laser-induced liquid jets as the object of study and discusses the changes in the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics and spectral radiation of the plasma when the position parameters between the laser focal point and the gas–liquid interface are different. The initial breakdown position is always between the front interface and the focus when the laser focus moves along the vertical direction of the interface, forming a phenomenon like ‘interface effect’. The relationship between laser pulse energy and breakdown probability exhibits a law similar to a ‘hysteresis curve’ in the study of breakdown threshold. In this work, plasma with smaller size, rounder shape, stronger radiation, higher temperature, and higher density can be produced when the focus position is in the liquid column 0.2 mm away from the front interface. Simultaneously, the spectral signal intensity and signal-to-back ratio of the characteristic peaks of target elements in water reach maximum values, and the spectral signal becomes more stable (relative standard deviation value reaches 2%). The Ca element’s ion radiation at 393.366 nm and atomic radiation at 422.673 nm are studied using narrow-band filtering imaging and time-space resolution spectroscopy. The findings demonstrate that the laws of ion and atomic radiation are not perfectly consistent in space and time.
TGF-β1 induced activations of Smad2 and miRNAs inhibit SF-1- and LRH-1-dependent CYP19 expression in rat Leydig cells
Authors: Ma Binfang , Qiao Huilian , Guo Ying , Wei Jinhua , Yang Qianqian , Feng Xiao , Li Zhen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractP450 aromatase, encoded by the Cyp19 gene, catalyzes the synthesis of estrogen, which is crucial for mammalian germ cell differentiation. We have previously shown that transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) attenuated the accumulation of steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1) and liver receptor homolog-1 (LRH-1) and eventually reduced the transcription of Cyp19 in rat Leydig cells (LCs). Here, we report that TGF-β1 treatment-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and decreased the expression levels of SF-1 and LRH-1 by elevating the expression levels of microRNA-21-3p and microRNA-339-5p in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, both TGF-β1 treatment and over-expression of Smad2 inhibited the SF-1 or LRH-1-regulated promoter activity of the Cyp19 gene, and p-Smad2 physically interacted with SF-1 and LRH-1. Our findings collectively suggest that TGF-β1 may inhibit the expression of CYP19 in LCs mainly through two ways. On the one hand, TGF-β1 acts through Smad2 to repress the accumulation of SF-1 and LRH-1 at post-transcriptional level by upregulating specific microRNAs. On the other hand, TGF-β1 inhibits the transcriptional activity of Cyp19 through the interaction of p-Smad2 with SF-1/LRH-1.
Surgical interhospital transfer mortality: national analysis
Authors: Murshed Ishraq , Gupta Aashray K , Camilos Angelique N , Sabab Ahad , Bacchi Stephen , Kovoor Joshua G , Chan Justin C Y , Maddern Guy J 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Interhospital transfers of surgical patients are an independent risk factor for mortality. The Australian and New Zealand Audit of Surgical Mortality (ANZASM) aims to improve surgical care through assessment of all cases of surgical mortality. This study aimed to describe common clinical management issues that contributed to interhospital transfer patient mortality.

Methods
Data for all surgical patient mortality in Australia (except New South Wales) that underwent interhospital transfer between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2019 were extracted from ANZASM. The surgeons’ reports and assessors’ evaluations were examined to identify clinical management issues. Thematic analysis was performed to develop pertinent themes and subthemes.

Results
Some 8679 patients were identified over the 10-year period. Of these, 2171 (25.0 per cent) had 3259 clinical management issues identified. Prominent themes were operative design (n = 466, 14.3 per cent), decision to operate (n = 425, 13.0 per cent), medical conditions (n = 344, 10.6 per cent), diagnosis (n = 326, 10 per cent), transfer (n = 293, 10.0 per cent), intraoperative issues (n = 278, 8.5 per cent), inadequate assessment (n = 238, 7.3 per cent), communication (n = 224, 6.9 per cent), delay in recognizing complications (n = 180, 5.5 per cent), coagulopathy (n = 151, 4.6 per cent), insufficient monitoring (n = 127, 3.9 per cent), infection (n = 107, 3.3 per cent), and hospital resources (n = 100, 3.1 per cent). Assessors considered 58.4 per cent of clinical management issues (n = 1903) probably or definitely preventable.

Conclusion
This study identified 13 themes of potentially avoidable management issues present in surgical mortality following interhospital transfers. Quality-improvement initiatives targeting these areas may improve surgical patient outcomes.
Impaired dopamine release in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Cramb Kaitlyn M L , Beccano-Kelly Dayne , Cragg Stephanie J , Wade-Martins Richard 
Published: March 2023

AbstractParkinson’s disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease and yet the early pathophysiological events of the condition and sequences of dysfunction remain unclear. The loss of dopaminergic neurons and reduced levels of striatal dopamine are descriptions used interchangeably as underlying the motor deficits in Parkinson’s disease. However, decades of research suggest that dopamine release deficits in Parkinson’s disease do not occur only after cell death, but that there is dysfunction or dysregulation of axonal dopamine release before cell loss. Here we review the evidence for dopamine release deficits prior to neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s disease, drawn from a large and emerging range of Parkinson’s disease models, and the mechanisms by which these release deficits occur. The evidence indicates that impaired dopamine release can result from disruption to a diverse range of Parkinson’s disease-associated genetic and molecular disturbances, and can be considered as a potential pathophysiological hallmark of Parkinson’s disease.
Potential drug targets for multiple sclerosis identified through Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Lin Jianfeng , Zhou Jiawei , Xu Yan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a complex autoimmune disease, and several therapies for multiple sclerosis have been developed and widely used. However, existing medications for multiple sclerosis were far from satisfactory due to their failure to suppress relapses and alleviate disease progression. Novel drug targets for multiple sclerosis prevention are still needed.
We performed Mendelian randomization to explore potential drug targets for multiple sclerosis using summary statistics from the International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium (nCase = 47 429, nControl = 68 374) and further replicated in UK Biobank (nCase = 1356, nControl = 395 209) and FinnGen cohorts (nCase = 1326, nControl = 359 815). Genetic instruments for 734 plasma and 154 CSF proteins were obtained from recently published genome-wide association studies. The reverse causality detection using bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis and Steiger filtering, Bayesian co-localization, and phenotype scanning that searched previously reported genetic variant–trait associations were implemented to consolidate the Mendelian randomization findings further. In addition, the protein–protein interaction network was performed to reveal potential associations among proteins and/or present multiple sclerosis medications.
At Bonferroni significance (P &lt; 5.63 × 10−5), Mendelian randomization analysis revealed six protein–multiple sclerosis pairs. In plasma, per standard deviation increase in FCRL3, TYMP and AHSG had a protective effect. Odds ratios for the proteins above were 0.83 (95% CI, 0.79–0.89), 0.59 (95% CI, 0.48–0.71) and 0.88 (95% CI, 0.83–0.94), respectively. In CSF, per 10-fold increase in MMEL1 (OR, 5.03; 95% CI, 3.42–7.41) increased the risk of multiple sclerosis, while SLAMF7 (OR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.29–0.60) and CD5L (OR, 0.30; 95%CI, 0.18–0.52) decreased the risk. None of the six proteins had reverse causality. Bayesian co-localization suggested that FCRL3 [coloc.abf-posterior probability of hypothesis 4 (PPH4) = 0.889], TYMP (coloc.susie-PPH4 = 0.896), AHSG (coloc.abf-PPH4 = 0.957, coloc.susie-PPH4 = 0.973), MMEL1 (coloc.abf-PPH4 = 0.930) and SLAMF7 (coloc.abf-PPH4 = 0.947) shared the same variant with multiple sclerosis. FCRL3, TYMP and SLAMF7 interacted with target proteins of current multiple sclerosis medications. MMEL1 was replicated in both UK Biobank and FinnGen cohorts.
Our integrative analysis suggested that genetically determined levels of circulating FCRL3, TYMP, AHSG, CSF MMEL1 and SLAMF7 had causal effects on multiple sclerosis risk. These findings suggested those five proteins might be promising drug targets for multiple sclerosis and warrant further clinical investigation, especially FCRL3 and SLAMF7.
Haplotype-specific MAPK3 expression in 16p11.2 deletion contributes to variable neurodevelopment
Authors: Liu Fang , Liang Chen , Li Zhengchang , Zhao Sen , Yuan Haiming , Yao Ruen , Qin Zailong , Shangguan Shaofang , Zhang Shujie , Zou Li-Ping , Chen Qian , Gao Zhijie , Wen Suiwen , Peng Jing , Yin Fei , Chen Fei , Qiu Xiaoxia , Luo Jingsi , Xie Yingjun , Lu Dian , Zhang Yu , Xie Hua , Li Guozhuang , Zhang Terry Jianguo , Luan Pengfei , Wang Hongying , Cui Xiaodai , Huang Hailiang , Liu Ruize , Sun Xiaofang , Chen Chao , Wu Nan , Wang Jian , Liu Chunyu , Shen Yiping , Gusella James F , Chen Xiaoli 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Recurrent proximal 16p11.2 deletion (16p11.2del) is a risk factor for diverse neurodevelopmental disorders with incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity. Although investigation with human induced pluripotent stem cell models has confirmed disruption of neuronal development in 16p11.2del neuronal cells, which genes are responsible for abnormal cellular phenotypes and what determines the penetrance of neurodevelopmental abnormalities are unknown. We performed haplotype phasing of the 16p11.2 region in a 16p11.2del neurodevelopmental disorders cohort and generated human induced pluripotent stem cells for two 16p11.2del families with distinct residual haplotypes and variable neurodevelopmental disorder phenotypes.
Using transcriptomic profiles and cellular phenotypes of the human induced pluripotent stem cell-differentiated cortex neuronal cells, we revealed MAPK3 to be a contributor to dysfunction in multiple pathways related to early neuronal development, with altered soma and electrophysiological properties in mature neuronal cells. Notably, MAPK3 expression in 16p11.2del neuronal cells varied on the basis of a 132 kb 58 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) residual haplotype, with the version composed entirely of minor alleles associated with reduced MAPK3 expression. Ten SNPs on the residual haplotype were mapped to enhancers of MAPK3. We functionally validated six of these SNPs by luciferase assay, implicating them in the residual haplotype-specific differences in MAPK3 expression via cis-regulation. Finally, the analysis of three different cohorts of 16p11.2del subjects showed that this minor residual haplotype is associated with neurodevelopmental disorder phenotypes in 16p11.2del carriers.
Positive Impact of [18F]FDG-PET/CT on Mortality in Patients With Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia Explained by Immortal Time Bias
Authors: van der Vaart Thomas W , Prins Jan M , van Werkhoven Cornelis H , ten Doesschate Thijs , Soetekouw Robin , van Twillert Gitte , Veenstra Jan , Herpers Bjorn L , Rozemeijer Wouter , Jansen Rogier R , Bonten Marc J M , van der Meer Jan T M 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Several studies have suggested that in patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ([18F]FDG-PET/CT) improves outcome. However, these studies often ignored possible immortal time bias.

Methods
Prospective multicenter cohort study in 2 university and 5 non-university hospitals, including all patients with SAB. [18F]FDG-PET/CT was performed on clinical indication as part of usual care. Primary outcome was 90-day all-cause mortality. Effect of [18F]FDG-PET/CT was modeled with a Cox proportional hazards model using [18F]FDG-PET/CT as a time-varying variable and corrected for confounders for mortality (age, Charlson score, positive follow-up cultures, septic shock, and endocarditis). Secondary outcome was 90-day infection-related mortality (assessed by adjudication committee) using the same analysis. In a subgroup-analysis, we determined the effect of [18F]FDG-PET/CT in patients with high risk of metastatic infection.

Results
Of 476 patients, 178 (37%) underwent [18F]FDG-PET/CT. Day-90 all-cause mortality was 31% (147 patients), and infection-related mortality was 17% (83 patients). The confounder adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) for all-cause mortality was 0.50 (95% confidence interval [CI]: .34–.74) in patients that underwent [18F]FDG-PET/CT. Adjustment for immortal time bias changed the aHR to 1.00 (95% CI .68–1.48). Likewise, after correction for immortal time bias, [18F]FDG-PET/CT had no effect on infection-related mortality (cause specific aHR 1.30 [95% CI .77–2.21]), on all-cause mortality in patients with high-risk SAB (aHR 1.07 (95% CI .63–1.83) or on infection-related mortality in high-risk SAB (aHR for 1.24 [95% CI .67–2.28]).

Conclusions
After adjustment for immortal time bias [18F]FDG-PET/CT was not associated with day-90 all-cause or infection-related mortality in patients with SAB.
Exploring the learning curve in minimally invasive esophagectomy: a systematic review
Authors: Chan Kai Siang , Oo Aung Myint 
Published: March 2023

Summary
Minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) has been shown to be superior to open esophagectomy with reduced morbidity, mortality, and comparable lymph node (LN) harvest. However, MIE is technically challenging. This study aims to perform a pooled analysis on the number of cases required to surmount the learning curve (LC), i.e. NLC in MIE. PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched for articles from inception to June 2022. Inclusion criteria were articles that reported LC in video-assisted MIE (VAMIE) and/or robot-assisted MIE (RAMIE). Poisson means (95% confidence interval [CI]) was used to determine NLC. Negative binomial regression was used for comparative analysis. There were 41 articles with 45 data sets (n = 7755 patients). The majority of tumors were located in the lower esophagus or gastroesophageal junction (66.7%, n = 3962/5939). The majority of data sets on VAMIE (n = 16/26, 61.5%) used arbitrary analysis, while the majority of data sets (n = 14/19, 73.7%) on RAMIE used cumulative sum control chart analysis. The most common outcomes reported were overall operating time (n = 30/45) and anastomotic leak (n = 28/45). Twenty-four data sets (53.3%) reported on LN harvest. The overall NLC was 34.6 (95% CI: 30.4–39.2), 68.5 (95% CI: 64.9–72.4), 27.5 (95% CI: 24.3–30.9), and 35.9 (95% CI: 32.1–40.2) for hybrid VAMIE, total VAMIE, hybrid RAMIE, and total RAMIE, respectively. NLC was significantly lower for total RAMIE compared to total VAMIE (incidence rate ratio: 0.52, P = 0.032). Studies reporting NLC in MIE are heterogeneous. Further studies should clearly define prior surgical experiences and assess long-term oncological outcomes using non-arbitrary analysis.
Is there a peer status gradient in mortality? Findings from a Swedish cohort born in 1953 and followed to age 67
Authors: Almquist Ylva B , Östberg Viveca , Modin Bitte 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundSimilar to having a less advantaged socioeconomic position, children in lower peer status positions typically experience a situation characterized by less power, influence and command over resources, followed by worse health outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine whether peer status position is further associated with increased risks for premature all-cause mortality.MethodsData were drawn from a 1953 cohort born in Stockholm, Sweden. Peer status positions were established through survey data on peer nominations within the school class at age 13, whereas national registers were used to identify all-cause mortality across ages 14–67. Differences in hazard rates and median survival time, according to peer status position, were estimated with Cox regression and Laplace regression, respectively.ResultsAlthough differences in hazard rates were not large, they were consistent and clear, also after taking childhood socioeconomic status into account. Regarding median survival time, the number of years lost increased gradually as peer status decreased, with a difference of almost 6 years when comparing individuals in the lowest and highest positions.ConclusionsChildren’s positions in the peer status hierarchy play a role for their chances of health and survival, pointing to the relevance of addressing opportunities for positive peer interaction and mitigating any adverse consequences that may stem from negative experiences within the peer context.
Does genetic testing offer utility as a supplement to traditional family health history intake for inherited disease risk?
Authors: May Thomas , Smith Crystal L , Kelley Whitley , East Kelly , Orlando Lori , Cochran Meagan , Colletto Sierra , Moss Irene , Nakano-Okuno Mariko , Korf Bruce , Limdi Nita 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Content
This study examines the potential utility of genetic testing as a supplement to family health history to screen for increased risk of inherited disease. Medical conditions are often misreported or misunderstood, especially those related to different forms of cardiac disease (arrhythmias vs. structural heart disease vs. coronary artery disease), female organ cancers (uterine vs. ovarian vs. cervical), and type of cancer (differentiating primary cancer from metastases to other organs). While these nuances appear subtle, they can dramatically alter medical management. For example, different types of cardiac failure (structural, arrhythmia, and coronary artery disease) have inherited forms that are managed with vastly different approaches.

Methods
Using a dataset of over 6,200 individuals who underwent genetic screening, we compared the ability of genetic testing and traditional family health history to identify increased risk of inherited disease. A further, in-depth qualitative study of individuals for whom risk identified through each method was discordant, explored whether this discordance could be addressed through changes in family health history intake.

Findings
Of 90 individuals for whom genetic testing indicated significant increased risk for inherited disease, two-thirds (66%) had no corroborating family health history. Specifically, we identify cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia, and malignant hyperthermia as conditions for which discordance between genetic testing and traditional family health history was greatest, and familial hypercholesterolaemia, Lynch syndrome, and hereditary breast and ovarian cancer as conditions for which greater concordance existed.

Conclusion
We conclude that genetic testing offers utility as a supplement to traditional family health history intake over certain conditions.
Give Me a Sign: Concrete Symbols Facilitate Orientation in Alzheimer’s Disease Dementia
Authors: Boedeker Sebastian , Driessen Martin , Schulz Philipp , Beblo Thomas , Kreisel Stefan , Toepper Max 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Persons with Alzheimer’s disease dementia (ADD) often show impaired orientation, particularly in unknown environments. Signs may offer an opportunity to compensate for these deficits and thus improve participation.

Methods
We assessed 30 persons with ADD and 36 healthy controls by using a sign comprehension paradigm (SCP) in a real-life environment. Nonparametric mixed model analyses of variance were used to analyze the effect of different symbols and additional scripture (coding condition) on SCP performance speed and accuracy.

Results
Analyses revealed a significant main effect of symbol design on SCP speed as well as an interaction effect of group × symbol, indicating a benefit of concrete, optimized signs for persons with ADD. Furthermore, analyses of SCP error rates revealed the main effects of group and coding condition as well as an interaction effect of group × coding. Persons with ADD made more errors than healthy controls, but SCP error rates decreased significantly in ADD in the double-coding condition.

Discussion
Our findings revealed an advantage of concrete double-coded symbols over conventional symbols and therefore strongly suggest the implementation of concrete double-coded signs to support older people living with ADD.