bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electroconvulsive therapy in Oman: a national audit of demographics and standards
Authors: Al-Mahrouqi Tamadhir , Al-Balushi Naser , Al-Hamrashdi Saif , Al-Harrasi Ahmed 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
We aim to address the dearth of knowledge regarding general electroconvulsive therapy practice in Oman, by examining and investigating the electroconvulsive therapy practices at all hospitals providing electroconvulsive therapy across the country, and to compare our local practice against the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines on the appropriate use of electroconvulsive therapy to inform the development of guidelines locally. Sultan Qaboos University Hospital and Al Masarra Hospital were included in a nationwide audit of all hospitals in Oman that administer electroconvulsive therapy. The demographics, diagnostic and electroconvulsive therapy indications, treatment characteristics, and side-effect profiles of all patients who had electroconvulsive therapy between January 2019 and December 2020 were collected from the hospital’s electronic data. A descriptive analysis of the results was performed.

Results
The total number of patients was 197 (92 males and 105 females). The most common diagnosis was schizophrenia 32.5%, followed by major depressive disorder 31.5%. The most common immediate side effect was headache 10.2%, followed by dizziness 7.1%, and amnesia 4.1%. Only 57.4% of patients who received electroconvulsive therapy met the NICE guidelines for appropriate electroconvulsive therapy use. Clinical status was assessed after each electroconvulsive therapy session for 66% of patients, and cognitive function monitoring was achieved for only 7.6% of patients.

Conclusions
The current audit has indicated that the assessment of the clinical status and cognitive functions of electroconvulsive therapy patients is inadequate. Because there is a significant rate of cognitive dysfunction following electroconvulsive therapy delivery, cognitive assessment before, during, and after therapy should be more rigorously implemented and documented.
Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Activates S1PR3 to Induce a Proinflammatory Phenotype in Human Myometrial Cells
Authors: Saurabh Kumar , Mbadhi Magdaleena Naemi , Prifti Kevin K , Martin Kaci T , Frolova Antonina I 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
One of the common mechanisms responsible for obstetric complications, affecting millions of women every year, is abnormal uterine contractility. Despite the critical importance of this process for women's health, the mechanisms of uterine contraction regulation remain poorly understood. The initiation of uterine smooth muscle (myometrial) contraction is an inflammatory process, accompanied by upregulation of proinflammatory genes and cytokine release. In this study, we show that sphingolipid metabolism is activated during human labor and that sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), the main bioactive sphingolipid, may modify the myometrial proinflammatory phenotype. Our data in both primary and immortalized human myometrial cells show that exogenous S1P induces a proinflammatory gene signature and upregulates the expression of known inflammatory markers of parturition, such as IL8 and COX2. Using expression of IL8 as a readout for S1P activity in myometrial cells, we established that these S1P effects are mediated through the activation of S1P receptor 3 (S1PR3) and downstream activation of ERK1/2 pathways. Inhibition of S1PR3 in human myometrial cells attenuates upregulation of IL8, COX2, and JUNB both at the mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, activation of S1PR3 with a receptor-specific agonist recapitulated the effects seen after treatment with exogenous S1P. Collectively, these results suggest a signaling pathway activated by S1P in human myometrium during parturition and propose new targets for development of novel therapeutics to alter uterine contractility during management of preterm labor or labor dystocia.
Thyroid Stem Cell Speciation—a Major Role for PKC
Authors: Latif Rauf , Morshed Syed A , McCann Colin , Davies Terry F 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Instructive signals that delineate the formation of thyroid follicles by thyrotropin (TSH) in stem cells are complex. Here, we have examined the role of protein kinase C (PKC) by using a unique Gαq/11 biased small molecule (MSq1) to develop thyroid progenitor cells. Mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) were differentiated into anterior endoderm cells and treated with either TSH or MSq1 in the presence or absence of PKC inhibitors. The transcriptional and translational response of key thyroid markers—sodium iodide symporter (NIS), thyroglobulin (TG), and thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) as well as potential signaling molecules—were then analyzed.
The data confirmed that MSq1 is a potent Gαq/11 activator with a major increase in Gαq/11 signaling when compared to TSH. MSq1 activation resulted in an increase in thyroid-specific genes, demonstrating that enhanced PKC signaling was able to induce their expression. The specificity of the PKC signals over the protein kinase A (PKA) pathway in regulating thyroid gene expression was shown by using a specific PKC enzyme inhibitor. The data revealed that TG and NIS expression were suppressed in the presence of the PKC inhibition but, in contrast, were not influenced by PKA inhibition. This indicated that PKC activation was the dominant pathway in the inductive process for thyroid hormone production. Furthermore, by examining PKC isoforms we found that PKCξ was the predominant form in the ES cells that mediated the effects. Since PKCξ can lead to activation of transforming growth factor-β–activated kinase (pTAK1), and its downstream effector nuclear factor κB (NFκB) complex, this demonstrated the involvement of the TAK1/NFκB pathway in thyroid speciation.
Revolutionizing radical prostatectomy - a comparative study of traditional and modern automated surgical techniques
Authors: Rojek Katarzyna , Szala-Czerwonka Karolina , Rejmer Adrian , Woś Natalia , Bednarz Lucjan , Wijas Karolina , Bialic Kinga , Bakalarczyk Rafał , Bialic Artur , Majewski Paweł 
Published: April 2023

Introduction and purpose:
Prostate cancer is a common malignancy seen worldwide and second most common cancer among Polish men as well as globally. The symptoms of prostate cancer depend on severity of the cancer. Prostate cancer diagnosis is typically established through physical examination- digital rectal examination (DRE), PSA (prostate specific antigen) testing and confirmed by histopathological examination. The choice of treatment method depends on many factors: disease severity, risk assessment (based on PSA, TNM and Gleason score), age of the patient and expected survival time. Treatment include surgery, hormone therapy, radiation therapy or chemotherapy. In some cases, the combination of methods can be used to achieve better outcomes.
One of available treatment option is radical prostatectomy which includes open radical prostatectomy (ORP), laparoscopic and laparoscopic robot assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). We aimed at presenting various outcomes comparing open radical prostatectomy and robot assisted radical prostatectomy.
State of knowledge:
In order to carry out the review of the topic we began to collect information and comprehensive research in PubMed database. The analysis focused on the treatment of prostate cancer especially radical prostatectomy methods, the course of surgical procedure, postoperative care, oncological results, intraoperative and postoperative complications.
Conclusion:
ORP and RARP ae two surgical procedures used in prostate cancer treatment. Both of them involve removal of the prostate gland but also have a multiplicity of differences. RARP is safe and less invasive alternative to ORP with shorter postoperative hospitalization. However, ORP is known for no necessity for expensive specialized equipment such as Da Vinci or Versius robot surgery system and shorter operative time.
Budd-Chiari Syndrome - classification, diagnostics, imaging and treatment
Authors: Rybkowska Agnieszka , Żuchnik Magda , Licak Gabriela , Bętkowska Paulina , Radulski Jakub , Paluch Michał , Tomkiewicz Michał , Tomkiewicz Julia , Sałata Piotr , Szczuraszek Paulina 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Budd-Chiari syndrome is a rare condition which can be defined as hepatic venous outflow obstruction occurring at any level between the small hepatic veins and junction of the inferior vena cava and the right atrium. Symptoms may vary from mild or even asymptomatic for many years to fulminant hepatic failure. Imaging is the mainstay of diagnosis of BCS. Laboratory and ematological tests are invaluable in recognizing hematological and coagulation disorders that may be identified in up to 75% of the patients. The recommended therapeutic approach to BCS is based on a stepwise algorithm beginning with medical treatment, endovascular treatment to restore vessel patency, placement of transjugular portosystemic shunt (TIPS), and orthotopic liver transplantation as a last resort rescue treatment.
The aim of the study: This study aims to gather current knowledge about clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of Budd-Chiari syndrome.
Materials and methods: This review was based on available data collected in the PubMed database and Google Scholar web search engine, using the keywords: ’Budd-Chiari syndrome’ ,’hepatic venous outflow obstruction’.
Conclusions: The treatment of Budd-Chiari syndrome requires interdisciplinary cooperation, which has resulted in the increasing curability of this rare disease over the last years.
Is nicotine vaporization a better alternative to traditional cigarette smoking? E-cigarettes harmful effects summary and the management of EVALI based on the latest literature
Authors: Szawica Dominik , Kuźniar Aleksandra , Fularska Kamila , Oleszko Michał , Wąsiewicz Edward , Bernacki Radosław , Bernacki Piotr , Dutka Martyna , Zardzewiały Witold 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Electronic cigarettes are battery-powered devices that allow users to inhale vapor produced by heating a liquid (e-liquid) containing nicotine and other substances. The first such devices were introduced in China in 2003, and subsequently approved for use in the European Union in 2006 and the United States in 2007. The number of e-cigarette users is constantly growing, with the largest increases observed in the 18-24 age group. Various modifications led to the emergence of a new disease entity in 2019 called EVALI (e-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury).
Aim of the study: To summarize the current state of knowledge about harmful substances contained in e-cigarettes and to systematize the latest methods of management in cases of suspected EVALI.
Methods and materials: A literature review was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect, including publications from the last 8 years, using the following keywords: "E-cigarette," "Electronic cigarette," "EVALI," "THC," "Vitamin E."
Results: Electronic cigarettes contain a number of substances harmful to health. E-cigarettes have not been approved as nicotine replacement therapy. The presence of vitamin E breakdown products in the respiratory tract of EVALI patients has been confirmed. Vitamin E was primarily used to increase the volume of e-liquids containing THC.
Conclusions: Electronic cigarettes should not be used due to the numerous harmful substances they contain. When using e-cigarettes, both the devices and the e-liquids should be purchased from reputable sellers approved in the respective country. EVALI is a potentially fatal disease, and prompt diagnosis facilitates treatment
Prevalence and Predictors of Suicide Ideation among Elderly Mentally Ill Population in a Tertiary Psychiatric Hospital
Authors: Sudha Srinivasa Ragavan  , Saravana Jothi Ramalingam  , Vanishree Gunasekaran  
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND
Suicide attempts in elderly people has higher risk of mortality. The elderly are more vulnerable to depression and other psychological and social factors that may contribute to higher risk of suicide. Studies have suggested that suicide in elderly is strongly associated with depression and lack of social support. Factors that increase risk of suicide are also found to increase the risk for suicide ideation. Suicide ideation is an important predictor of suicide attempts and completed suicide.
Aims: Our study aims at estimating the prevalence of suicide ideation among mentally ill geriatric population and identifying potential predictors of suicide ideation among elderly.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study involving 50 persons with mental illness aged above 60 years and 50 persons with no previous psychiatric history. The was conducted at a tertiary psychiatric hospital. Geriatric Suicide Ideation Scale, Geriatric Depression scale and other psychopathology assessment tools were used.
RESULTS
The GSIS scores were significantly higher among those elderly persons with mental illness and the scores were higher in our study when compared to the community-dwelling elderly persons without psychiatric illness. It was observed that geriatric depression was an important predictor of suicide ideation followed by previous suicide attempt. The study also finds significant difference in the subscales of GSIS and we constructed an ROC for optimal cut-off point for the Indian population.
CONCLUSIONS
Geriatric suicide ideation is a less studied area with suicide ideation in elderly person with mental illness having various determinants and risk factors. It is for further research to identify feasible means of assessing suicide ideation among the elderly person receiving care from primary care physicians.
Effect of Nebulized Salbutamol Premedication on Perioperative Respiratory Adverse Events in Children with Recent Respiratory Tract Infections
Authors: Mustafa Mohammed Salih  , Hussein Talib Mohsin  
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND
A recent upper respiratory tract infection is linked to the development of peri-operative respiratory complications. In this study we wanted to evaluate the effect of salbutamol premedication on the incidence of peri-operative respiratory adverse events in children with a recent upper respiratory tract infection (PRAE).
METHODS
A randomized clinical trial study that was conducted at the Children Welfare Teaching Hospital for a period of six months. It included 90 children aged ≤ 16 years who underwent a surgical operation under general anesthesia with a laryngeal mask airway or a tracheal tube and were divided into three groups; (had a recent URTI and received preoperative salbutamol, those who had a recent URTI and didn’t receive preoperative salbutamol, and those with no URTI group). The preferred outcome was the difference in the rate of occurrence of PRAE between children who had received salbutamol and those who hadn’t.
RESULTS
Four children with no URTI (13.3%) developed peri-operative respiratory adverse events. The incidence of bronchospasm and severe cough was significantly higher in patients with URTI and who didn’t receive preoperative salbutamol than in those with URTI who received preoperative salbutamol.
CONCLUSIONS
Preoperative salbutamol doses 10 – 30 minutes before surgery have been demonstrated to reduce and treat peri-operative respiratory adverse events.
KINERJA DIREKTORAT PENYELIDIKAN, PENYIDIKAN DAN PENUNTUTAN KOMISI PEMBERANTASAN KORUPSI DALAM MENINDAK LANJUTI LAPORAN TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI PERIODE 2012-2013
Authors: WILMAT MUSKANAN FRANS 
Published: April 2023

Masalah Korupsi merupakan masalah yang sangan serius dan sangat sulit untuk diberantas, atas dasar pertimbangan tersebut maka KPK dibentuk untuk melakukan berbagai tindakan terhadapat setiap perkara korupsi yang berkaitan dengan masalah grand corruptions. Sebagai garda terdepan dalam memberantas korupsi, KPKdiberi kewenangan untuk melakukan penyelidikan, penyidikan dan penuntutan untuk menindak lanjuti setiap perkara korupsi yang dilaporkan ke KPK, sehingga korupsi yang terjadi di Indonesia dapat ditekan tingkat penyebarannya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis sehingga dapat mengetahui kinerja dari direktorat penyelidikan, penyidikan dan penuntutan KPK dalam mendak lanjuti setiap perkara korupsi. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja dari direktorat penyelidikan, penyidikan dan penuntutan Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi sudah optimal dilihat dari hasil tindak lanjut disetiap direktorat menunjukan penyelsaian perkara diatas 50%, namun dari hasil tindak lanjut yang dilakukan oleh setiap direktorat masi terdapat tunggakan perkara yang perlu ditindak lanjuti ditahun berikut, hal ini disebabkan oleh kurangnya sumber daya manusia, kompetensi dan sarana prasarana penunjang.
STRATEGI PEMENANGAN PASANGAN ADE UU SUKAESIH-DARMADJI PRAWIRASETIA (ASIH-KATADJI) DALAM PEMILU WALI KOTA BANJAR PERIODE 2013-2018
Authors: WIDIASTUTI WIWI 
Published: April 2023

Research that was headlined Strategy Winning Couples Ade Uu Sukaesih-Darmadji (Asih-Katadji) in Elections the Mayor of Banjar a period of 2013-2018 is done in the city of Banjar of West Java. The study is done because researchers were interested in strategies couples asih-katdji in winning the election the Mayor of Banjar. Reason researchers uninterested because of Ade Uu sukaesih is the wife of the Mayor of Banjar who was served. The study is done by using the method research qualitative. The informer done with the methods purposive of sampling by choosing the informant who know that strategy in winning couples asih-katadji in elections the mayor of banjar. The result of field research proves that couples asih-katadji do marketing strategy push by means of direct contact through various events like the general meeting of party, entertainment stage, declaration partai the coalition, and the rally. Marketing strategy other is pass through the influence of a figure or a particular group as a team of success. In strategy pass marketing is done by using services coalition party, volunteers Restu, volunteers asih and volunteers adji. Besides two strategies push marketing, and pass used also strategy pull marketing by using services media including free media and paid media. Research is unique, because there are other factors that supports a pair of asih-katadji. Factors it is the length of the campaign, the role of Guardian City Banjar who performs style blusukan at eighteen location every day, to remind the people of the merits of a trustee city that is the husband of Ade Uu sukaesih. In addition, the mayor of Banjar is also involved in any process from the beginning of nominating to be chosen.
Beyond Codes: Electronic Claims Acknowledgment Reports
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2023

While physicians and other qualified health care professionals (QHPs) typically rely on administrative staff to oversee or conduct billing activities, a general understanding of the process may prove beneficial should issues like staff turnover or a problem with outsourced billing result in unpaid claims.
This article reviews
An initial step in claims management to verify that claims submitted electronically were accepted by the clearinghouse and/or payer How acknowledgment reports can provide evidence that claims were filed within a payer’s timely filing period (eg, within 60 or 90 days of the date of service)
Investigation of social capital, empathy and individual responsibility parameters in dual career athletes: an exploratory study
Authors: Arı Abdil , Öz Nazlı Deniz 
Published: April 2023

Background and Study Aim. The main purpose of the study is to investigate whether the individual responsibility and empathy levels of athlete-students affect the level of social capital. The secondary purpose is to examine the social capital, empathy and individual responsibility levels of athlete-students in terms of various variables and to reveal the relationship between them. Material and Methods. In this context, "Social Capital Scale" , "Empathy Scale in Sports Environment" and "Student Individual Responsibility Scale" were used as data collection tools. University students participating in sports competitions in the 2021-2022 academic year were included in the study on a voluntary basis. The inclusion criteria were determined as being both an athlete and a student, being over the age of 18 and being a competitor. A total of 284 (N female=110; N male=174) athlete-students who met these criteria participated in the study. Since the normal distribution conditions were met in the analysis of the data, independent t-test was used for pairwise comparisons, one-way anova for multiple comparisons, and pearson correlation test for relationship analysis. After the assumptions were met, linear regression test was used to determine the effect levels. Results. As a result of the study, all dependent variables were high in favour of men, and the variables were positively affected as age and years of experience increased. In addition, a positive and moderate relationship was found between the dependent variables. As the main result of the study, the effect rate was determined as 39% by the regression analysis conducted to evaluate empathy and individual responsibility as predictors of social capital. Conclusions. As a result, the concept of social capital, which expresses the continuity and sustainability of our life-related social relations, seriously affects the levels of empathy and social responsibility in the sample of athlete-students in the sports environment. It is thought that the studies to be carried out for the development of these skills will positively affect the concepts of safety, social communication and fair-play in sports.