bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Defining ready for discharge from sub-acute care: a qualitative exploration from multiple stakeholder perspectives
Authors: Gledhill Kate , Bucknall Tracey K , Lannin Natasha A , Hanna Lisa 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Planning discharges from subacute care facilities is becoming increasingly complex due to an ageing population and a high demand on services. The use of non-standardised assessments to determine a patient’s readiness for discharge places a heavy reliance on a clinician’s judgement which can be influenced by system pressures, past experiences and team dynamics. The current literature focusses heavily on discharge-readiness from clinicians’ perspectives and in the acute care setting. This paper aimed to explore the perceptions of discharge-readiness from the perspectives of key stakeholders in subacute care: inpatients, family members, clinicians and managers.

Methods
A qualitative descriptive study was conducted, exploring the views of inpatients (n = 16), family members (n = 16), clinicians (n = 17) and managers (n = 12). Participants with cognitive deficits and those who did not speak English were excluded from this study. Semi-structured interviews and focus groups were conducted and audio-recorded. Following transcription, inductive thematic analysis was completed.

Results
Participants identified that there are both patient-related and environmental factors that influence discharge-readiness. Patient-related factors discussed included continence, functional mobility, cognition, pain and medication management skills. Environmental factors centred around the discharge (home) environment, and were suggested to include a safe physical environment alongside a robust social environment which was suggested to assist to fill any gaps in functional capabilities (i.e. patient-related factors).

Conclusions
These findings make a unique contribution to the literature by providing a thorough exploration of determining discharge-readiness as a combined narrative from the perspectives from key stakeholders. Findings from this qualitative study identified key personal and environmental factors influencing patients’ discharge-readiness, which may allow health services to streamline the determination of discharge-readiness from subacute care. Understanding how these factors might be assessed within a discharge pathway warrants further attention.
Low agreement among patients and clinicians about urgency and safety to wait for assessment in primary care after hours medical care: results of cross-sectional matched surveys
Authors: Barnes Katelyn , Arpel Caitlin , Douglas Kirsty 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundDiscordance between patient and clinician perceived urgency may drive “inappropriate” presentations to after-hours medical services. This paper investigates the level of agreement between patient and clinicians’ perceptions of urgency and safety to wait for an assessment at after-hours primary care services in the ACT.MethodsCross-sectional survey voluntarily completed by patients and then clinicians at after-hours medical services in May/June, 2019. Agreement between patients and clinicians is measured by Fleiss kappa. Agreement is presented overall, within specific categories of urgency and safety to wait, and by after-hours service type.Results888 matched records were available from the dataset. Overall inter-observer agreement between patients and clinicians on the urgency of presentations was slight (Fleiss kappa = 0.166; 95% CI 0.117–0.215, p < 0.001). Agreement within specific ratings of urgency ranged from very poor to fair. Overall inter-rater agreement on how long it would be safe to wait for assessment was fair (Fleiss kappa = 0.209; 95% CI 0.165–0.253, p < 0.001). Agreement within specific ratings ranged from poor to fair. By site type, agreement between patients and clinicians on urgency ranged from not significant to fair and agreement for safety to wait ranged from very poor to slight. Agreement on urgency of issue was more often reported among patients attending their usual health service or seeing their usual clinician compared to patients attending an unfamiliar health service or clinician (χ2(1) = 7.283, p = 0.007 and χ2(1) = 16.268, p < 0.001, respectively).ConclusionsLow levels of agreement between patients and clinicians on perceived urgency and safety to wait for issues to be assessed indicate potential inefficiency in primary care use after-hours. Agreement on urgency of issues was more common among patients attending a familiar health service or familiar clinician. Improving health literacy, particularly health system literacy, and supporting continuity of care may help to support patients to engage with the most appropriate level of care at the most appropriate time.
Molecular mechanism of engineered Zymomonas mobilis to furfural and acetic acid stress
Authors: Shabbir Samina , Wang Weiting , Nawaz Mohsin , Boruah Prerona , Kulyar Muhammad Fakhar-e-Alam , Chen Mao , Wu Bo , Liu Panting , Dai Yonghua , Sun Lingling , Gou Qiyu , Liu Renbin , Hu Guoquan , Younis Tahira , He Mingxiong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAcetic acid and furfural (AF) are two major inhibitors of microorganisms during lignocellulosic ethanol production. In our previous study, we successfully engineered Zymomonas mobilis 532 (ZM532) strain by genome shuffling, but the molecular mechanisms of tolerance to inhibitors were still unknown. Therefore, this study investigated the responses of ZM532 and its wild-type Z. mobilis (ZM4) to AF using multi-omics approaches (transcriptomics, genomics, and label free quantitative proteomics). Based on RNA-Seq data, two differentially expressed genes, ZMO_RS02740 (up-regulated) and ZMO_RS06525 (down-regulated) were knocked out and over-expressed through CRISPR-Cas technology to investigate their roles in AF tolerance. Overall, we identified 1865 and 14 novel DEGs in ZM532 and wild-type ZM4. In contrast, 1532 proteins were identified in ZM532 and wild-type ZM4. Among these, we found 96 important genes in ZM532 involving acid resistance mechanisms and survival rates against stressors. Furthermore, our knockout results demonstrated that growth activity and glucose consumption of mutant strains ZM532∆ZMO_RS02740 and ZM4∆ZMO_RS02740 decreased with increased fermentation time from 42 to 55 h and ethanol production up to 58% in ZM532 than that in ZM532∆ZMO_RS02740. Hence, these findings suggest ZMO_RS02740 as a protective strategy for ZM ethanol production under stressful conditions.
Coverage of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in infants after four years of implementation in Sierra Leone
Authors: Fombah Augustin E. , Chen Haily , Owusu-Kyei Kwabena , Quinto Llorenç , Gonzalez Raquel , Williams Julian , Berne Mireia LLach , Wassenaar Myrte , Jalloh Abubakarr , Sunders Joe-Henry C. , Ramirez Maximo , Bertran-Cobo Cesc , Saute Francisco , Ekouevi Didier K. , Briand Valérie , Kamara Anitta R. Y. , Sesay Tom , Samai Mohamed , Menendez Clara 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Intermittent Preventive Treatment of malaria in infants (IPTi) is a malaria control strategy consisting of the administration of an anti-malarial drug alongside routine immunizations. So far, this is being implemented nationwide in Sierra Leone only. IPTi has been renamed as Perennial Malaria Chemoprevention -PMC-, accounting for its recently recommended expansion into the second year of life. Before starting a pilot implementation on PMC, the currently implemented strategy and malaria prevalence were assessed in young children in selected areas of Sierra Leone.

Methods
A cross-sectional, community-based, multi-stage cluster household survey was conducted from November to December 2021 in selected districts of the Northern and northwestern provinces of Sierra Leone among 10–23 months old children, whose caretakers gave written informed consent to participate in the survey. Coverage of IPTi and malaria prevalence—assessed with rapid diagnostic tests—were calculated using percentages and 95% confidence intervals weighted for the sampling design and adjusted for non-response within clusters. Factors associated with RDT + and iPTi coverage were also assessed.

Results
A total of 720 children were recruited. Coverage of three IPTi doses was 50.57% (368/707; 95% CI 45.38–55.75), while prevalence of malaria infection was 28.19% (95% CI 24.81–31.84). Most children had received IPTi1 (80.26%, 574/707; 95% CI 75.30–84.44), and IPTi2 (80.09%, 577/707; 95% CI 76.30–83.40) and over half of the children also received IPTi3 (57.72%, 420/707; 95% CI 53.20–62.11). The uptake of each IPTi dose was lower than that of the vaccines administered at the same timepoint at all contacts.

Conclusion
In Sierra Leone, half of the children received the three recommended doses of IPTi indicating an increase in its uptake compared to previous data of just a third of children receiving the intervention. However, efforts need to be made in improving IPTi coverage, especially in the planned expansion of the strategy into the second year of life following recent WHO guidelines.
Water bath is more efficient than hot air oven at thermal inactivation of coronavirus
Authors: Gu Xinxia , Cao Ting , Mou Jun , Liu Jie 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Thermal inactivation is a conventional and effective method of eliminating the infectivity of pathogens from specimens in clinical and biological laboratories, and reducing the risk of occupational exposure and environmental contamination. During the COVID-19 pandemic, specimens from patients and potentially infected individuals were heat treated and processed under BSL-2 conditions in a safe, cost-effective, and timely manner. The temperature and duration of heat treatment are optimized and standardized in the protocol according to the susceptibility of the pathogen and the impact on the integrity of the specimens, but the heating device is often undefined. Devices and medium transferring the thermal energy vary in heating rate, specific heat capacity, and conductivity, resulting in variations in efficiency and inactivation outcome that may compromise biosafety and downstream biological assays.

Methods
We evaluated the water bath and hot air oven in terms of pathogen inactivation efficiency, which are the most commonly used inactivation devices in hospitals and biological laboratories. By evaluating the temperature equilibrium and viral titer elimination under various conditions, we studied the devices and their inactivation outcomes under identical treatment protocol, and to analyzed the factors, such as energy conductivity, specific heat capacity, and heating rate, underlying the inactivation efficiencies.

Results
We compared thermal inactivation of coronavirus using different devices, and have found that the water bath was more efficient at reducing infectivity, with higher heat transfer and thermal equilibration than a forced hot air oven. In addition to the efficiency, the water bath showed relative consistency in temperature equilibration of samples of different volumes, reduced the need for prolonged heating, and eliminated the risk of pathogen spread by forced airflow.

Conclusions
Our data support the proposal to define the heating device in the thermal inactivation protocol and in the specimen management policy.
Location and condition based reconstruction of colon cancer microbiome from human RNA sequencing data
Authors: Sambruni Gaia , Macandog Angeli D. , Wirbel Jakob , Cagnina Danilo , Catozzi Carlotta , Dallavilla Tiziano , Borgo Francesca , Fazio Nicola , Fumagalli-Romario Uberto , Petz Wanda L. , Manzo Teresa , Ravenda Simona P. , Zeller Georg , Nezi Luigi , Schaefer Martin H. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe association between microbes and cancer has been reported repeatedly; however, it is not clear if molecular tumour properties are connected to specific microbial colonisation patterns. This is due mainly to the current technical and analytical strategy limitations to characterise tumour-associated bacteria.MethodsHere, we propose an approach to detect bacterial signals in human RNA sequencing data and associate them with the clinical and molecular properties of the tumours. The method was tested on public datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas, and its accuracy was assessed on a new cohort of colorectal cancer patients.ResultsOur analysis shows that intratumoural microbiome composition is correlated with survival, anatomic location, microsatellite instability, consensus molecular subtype and immune cell infiltration in colon tumours. In particular, we findFaecalibacterium prausnitzii,Coprococcus comes,Bacteroidesspp.,Fusobacteriumspp. andClostridiumspp. to be strongly associated with tumour properties.ConclusionsWe implemented an approach to concurrently analyse clinical and molecular properties of the tumour as well as the composition of the associated microbiome. Our results may improve patient stratification and pave the path for mechanistic studies on microbiota-tumour crosstalk.
Genomic and transcriptomic features between primary and paired metastatic fumarate hydratase–deficient renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Liang Jiayu , Sun Guangxi , Pan Xiuyi , Zhang Mengni , Shen Pengfei , Zhu Sha , Zhao Jinge , Zheng Linmao , Zhao Junjie , Chen Yuntian , Yin Xiaoxue , Chen Junru , Hu Xu , Zeng Yuhao , Chen Jianhui , Wang Yongquan , Liu Zhihong , Yao Jin , Su Minggang , Huang Rui , Liao Banghua , Wei Qiang , Li Xiang , Zhou Qiao , Liu Jiyan , Shen Yali , Liu Zhenhua , Chen Ni , Zeng Hao , Zhang Xingming 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundFumarate hydratase–deficient renal cell carcinoma (FH-RCC) is a rare highly aggressive subtype of kidney cancer for which the distinct genomic, transcriptomic, and evolutionary relationships between metastatic and primary lesions are still unclear.MethodsIn this study, whole-exome, RNA-seq, and DNA methylation sequencing were performed on primary-metastatic paired specimens from 19 FH-RCC cases, including 23 primary and 35 matched metastatic lesions. Phylogenetic and clonal evolutionary analyses were used to investigate the evolutionary characteristics of FH-RCC. Transcriptomic analyses, immunohistochemistry, and multiple immunofluorescence experiments were performed to identify the tumor microenvironmental features of metastatic lesions.ResultsPaired primary and metastatic lesions generally showed similar characteristics of tumor mutation burden, tumor neoantigen burden, microsatellite instability score, CNV burden, and genome instability index. Notably, we identified an FH-mutated founding MRCA (the most recent common ancestor) clone that dominated the early evolutionary trajectories in FH-RCC. Although both primary and metastatic lesions manifested high immunogenicity, metastatic lesions exhibited higher enrichment of T effector cells and immune-related chemokines, together with upregulation of PD-L1, TIGIT, and BTLA. In addition, we found that concurrentNF2mutation may be associated with bone metastasis and upregulation of cell cycle signature in metastatic lesions. Furthermore, although in FH-RCC metastatic lesions in general shared similar CpG island methylator phenotype with primary lesions, we found metastatic lesions displaying hypomethylated chemokine and immune checkpoints related genomic loci.ConclusionsOverall, our study demonstrated the genomic, epigenomic, and transcriptomic features of metastatic lesions in FH-RCC and revealed their early evolutionary trajectory. These results provided multi-omics evidence portraying the progression of FH-RCC.
Primary hepatic Epstein–Barr virus-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma associated with azathioprine immunosuppression: a case report
Authors: Marell Paulina S. , Shi Min , Wingo Majken T. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Hepatic masses are relatively common findings, and the diagnostic approach often begins by identifying patient and mass characteristics that are risk factors for malignancy. Chronic immunosuppression is a known risk factor for various malignancies, and azathioprine in particular has been reported in association with solid and hematologic malignancies, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Case presentation
A 46-year-old white woman presented to clinic with several weeks of gastrointestinal symptoms and was found to have a hepatic mass on imaging. Her history was notable for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder on chronic immunosuppression with azathioprine. It was initially thought to be an inflammatory adenoma. On 6-month follow-up imaging, the mass had grown rapidly in size and was surgically resected. Further workup determined the mass to be an iatrogenic immunodeficiency-associated Epstein–Barr virus-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma confined to the liver. Azathioprine was discontinued and the patient underwent treatment with rituximab with no evidence of recurrence 2 years after the initiation of treatment.

Conclusions
This case report describes the first time hepatic Epstein–Barr virus-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma has been reported with azathioprine, which highlights the unique sequelae of chronic immunosuppression, including atypical hematologic malignancies, and the importance of considering chronic immunosuppression in the diagnostic evaluation of a hepatic mass.
Perspective: lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic concerning the resilience of the population
Authors: Adini Bruria , Kimhi Shaul 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
A vital stakeholder in the successful management of the COVID-19 pandemic is the public. The degree of involvement of the population in managing the pandemic, and the leadership perception of the public, had a direct impact on the resilience of the population and level of adherence to the issued protective measures.

Main body
Resilience refers to the ability to ‘bounce back’ or ‘bounce forward’ following adversity. Resilience facilitates community engagement which is a crucial component of combating the COVID-19 pandemic. The article highlights six insights recognized in studies conducted in Israel during and following the pandemic concerning the resilience of the country’s population. (1) Contrary to varied adversities in which the community serves as an important support system to the individuals, this type of support was substantially impaired during the COVID-19 pandemic, due to the need to maintain isolation, social distancing, and lockdowns. (2) Policy-making during the pandemic should be based on evidence-based data, rather than on assumptions made by decision-makers. This gap led the authorities during the pandemic to adopt measures that were ineffective, such as risk communication based on ‘scare tactics’ concerning the virus, when the highest risk perceived by the public was political instability. (3) Societal resilience is associated with the public’s behavior, such as with vaccine hesitancy and uptake. (4) Factors that affect the levels of resilience include, among others, self-efficacy (impacts individual resilience); social, institutional, and economic aspects as well as well-being (impact community resilience); and hope and trust in the leadership (impact societal resilience). (5) The public should be perceived as an asset in managing the pandemic, thus becoming a vital part of the ‘solution’. This will lead to a better understanding of the needs and expectations of the population and an applicable ‘tailoring’ of the messages that address the public. (6) The gap between science and policymaking must be bridged, to achieve optimal management of the pandemic.

Conclusions
Improving preparedness for future pandemics should be based on a holistic view of all stakeholders, including the public as a valued partner, connectivity between policymakers and scientists, and strengthening the public’s resilience, by enhancing trust in authorities.
Breastfeeding support provided by lactation consultants in high-income countries for improved breastfeeding rates, self-efficacy, and infant growth: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: D’Hollander Curtis J. , McCredie Victoria A. , Uleryk Elizabeth M. , Keown-Stoneman Charles D. G. , Birken Catherine S. , O’Connor Deborah L. , Maguire Jonathon L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundIt is well established that breast milk offers numerous health benefits for mother and child. Mothers are recommended to exclusively breastfeed their child until 6 months of age, with continued breastfeeding up to 1–2 years of age or beyond. Yet, these recommendations are met less than half of the time in high-income countries. Lactation consultants specialize in supporting mothers with breastfeeding and are a promising approach to improving breastfeeding rates. For lactation consultant interventions to be implemented widely as part of public health policy, a better understanding of their effect on breastfeeding rates and important health outcomes is needed.MethodsThe overall aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the effect of lactation consultant interventions provided to women, compared to usual care, on breastfeeding rates (primary outcome), maternal breastfeeding self-efficacy, and infant growth. A search strategy has been developed to identify randomized controlled trials published in any language between 1985 and April 2023 in CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science. We will also perform a search of the grey literature and reference lists of relevant studies and reviews. Two reviewers will independently extract data on study design, baseline characteristics, details of the interventions employed, and primary and secondary outcomes using a pre-piloted standardized data extraction form. Risk of bias and quality of evidence assessment will be done independently and in duplicate using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and GRADE approach, respectively. Where possible, meta-analysis using random-effects models will be performed, otherwise a qualitative summary will be provided. We will adhere to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.DiscussionThis review will fill an important gap in the lactation support literature. The findings will be of importance to policymakers who seek to implement interventions to improve breastfeeding rates.Trial registrationThis review has been registered in the PROSPERO database (ID: CRD42022326597).
Controlled g-frames and dual g-frames in Hilbert spaces
Authors: Liu Hui-Min , Fu Yan-Ling , Tian Yu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAs generalizations of g-frames and controlled frames, the theory of controlled g-frames has been deeply studied. This paper addresses the controlled g-frames and dual g-frames in Hilbert spaces. We first present some equivalent characterizations of controlled g-frames. Then, we introduce the concepts of controlled dual g-frames and controlled dual g-frames operator, get some properties of them. Finally, we obtain some characterizations of the controlled dual g-frames for a given controlled g-frame by the method of operator theory.
Persistence properties and blow-up phenomena for a generalized Camassa–Holm equation
Authors: Wang Ying , Guo Yunxi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate a generalized Camassa–Holm equation. Firstly, we establish the persistence properties of strong solutions for the equation in weighted spaces $L^{p}_{\phi}=L^{p}(\mathbb{R},\phi ^{p}\,dx)$

L
ϕ
p

=

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p

(
R
,

ϕ
p

d
x
)
. Then we present some sufficient conditions of blow-up solutions assuming that the initial data satisfy certain conditions, which are more precise than those in the previous work.