bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibody Content of Single Antibody-Forming Cells
Authors: Horibata Kengo , Uhr Jonathan W. 
Published: January 2023

Summary
The antibody content of individual antibody-forming cells obtained from rats immunized to Salmonella flagella was studied. Antibody-forming cells from the popliteal lymph nodes were identified by the capacity of the cells to specifically adhere motile bacteria that share antigens with the flagella used for immunization. In rats immunized with flagella alone, adherence-positive cells obtained 1 week after immunization contained relatively large amounts of antibody. In immunized rats that also received specific antiserum 1 day later, adherence-positive cells obtained 1 week after immunization did not contain detectable antibody. The possible mechanisms by which passive antibody can effect the antibody content of antibody-forming cells that appear after immunization are discussed.
Assessment of Soluble Natural Killer Group 2d Ligand (MHC Class I A and UL16 Binding Protein 1) in Iraqi Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Mtashar Baan Abdulatif , Ashoor Zainab Fadhel , Shabeeb Zeyad Fadhel , Matti Bassam Francis 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is “a heterogeneous disease,” defined by a wide range of genetic alterations and molecular mutations that have an effect on clinical outcomes and could be used to develop new drugs. In AML, the immune system is tricked and actively suppressed by leukemia itself and by mechanisms that leukemia picked up through further mutations under suppression of selection. Myeloblasts in Acute myeloid leukemia can evasion the naturak killer cell killing by many ways, one of the these way, the myelocblast cells shed NKG2D soluble ligand (MIC A/B and or ULPB 1-6) in blood and bound to NKG2D activation receptor which lead to inhibit activation of NK cells.

The Aim of Study:
The aim of this study assessment of Soluble ligand (MICA and ULPB-1) in patients with AML.

Patients and Methods:
Thirty patients newly diagnosed as AML were enrolled in this study, 24 patients out of 30 were follow up after 14 days of tratment. after 30 days of treatment we get result of therapy. twenty healthy looking persons were considered as control subjects. We used ELISA technique to detection the level of soluble legand (MICA and ULPB-1).

Results:
The study showed that in order level of sMICA, there were significant differences in AML patients at diagnosis and after 14 days of treatment in comparison to control subjects while there were no significant differences in the level of sULPB1 between AML patients at diagnosis and after 14 days of treatment in comparison to control subjects.

Conclusion:
This study showed that there was an elevated level of sMICA in AML patients at diagnosis and 14 days to treatment while there was no elevated level of sULPB1 in comparison to the control group.
Massive Pleural Effusion Suggesting a Malignant Effusion
Authors: Ibrahim Marwan Majeed 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Massive pleural effusion is one of the way of presentations of malignant effusion, it is unlikely to be seen in other causes of effusions, thorough workup and follow up is necessary, in this case series most of the cases was confirmed to be of malignant etiology.

Objectives:
The main objective from this study is to detect the cause behind massive pleural effusion and for early detection of a malignant etiology. Methods: Case series study involving 11 inpatient cases of massive effusion that had been evaluated sequentially with pleural fluid cytology then if negative pleural biopsy with either medical pleuroscopy or video assisted thoracoscopy (VATS).

Results:
Six of eleven cases were discovered to have malignant effusion, two cases were tuberculous pleuritis (TB pleuritis), one case were complicated parapneumonic effusion; the other 2 cases there were no specific diagnoses.

Conclusions:
Most of the cases of massive pleural effusion were discovered to be malignant effusion.
PERBANDINGAN METODE CENTROID DAN WARD DALAM PENGELOMPOKKAN TINGKAT PENYELESAIAN PENDIDIKAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Puspita Rindang Ndaru 
Published: January 2023

Education is foundation in building the nation and state, besides that education is a right for all citizens. Educational achievements in Indonesia can be seen from the achievement of educational graduation rates for all levels of education from elementary to high school. The government needs to pay more attention to education in Indonesia, so there needs to be a grouping of provinces according to similar characteristics, so that the government can focus more on preparing programs and activities to improve the quality of education. The right method for grouping provinces is the best method from the results of cluster analysis by comparing the centroid and ward methods as seen from the value of the cophenetic correlation coefficient. Based on the research, the best method was obtained, namely the centroid method with cluster profiling: cluster 1 is a cluster with a moderate level of completion of education consisting of 31 provinces, cluster 2 with a level of completion of higher education consists of 2 provinces, and cluster 3 with a low level of completion of education consists of 1 province
Role of AEOs and Educational Administration in Teachers’ Performance at School
Authors: Bagum Munwar , Nawaz Aneela , Khan Rabbia Khalil 
Published: January 2023

Educational Administration is one of the mechanisms that governments use to ensure accountability to the public in terms of the value for money invested in the education systems, and to raise educational standards and quality of teaching in schools. The major purpose of this study was to investigate the “Role of AEO’S Educational Administration in Teachers’ Performance at Primary Level”. The study focused on determining the relationship between AEO’S supervision and teachers’ performance in Primary schools in Vehari. Researcher used co-relational design and questionnaire was developed and five-point Likert scale was used to find results on the basis of findings and conclusion. A total of 50% samples was taken from target population which include 28 AEO’S (Male), 22 AEO’S (Female) of district Vehari were taken as a sample of the study. After analysis of data, it was found that there is a significant role of AEO’s educational administration in teacher's performance in developing vision about teaching, Administrative Supervision and Helping the Teachers in their Performance. It was recommended that institutions concentrate on turning pleasant things into helpful things, such as educational leadership styles that promote them as a tool for not just communication and enjoyment but also learning.
¿Existen diferencias en la fuerza máxima, la flexibilidad y la composición corporal en los competidores de CrossFit® según su categoría? (Are there differences in maximal strength, flexibility, and body composition in CrossFit® competitors according to their category?)
Authors: Valencia Sánchez Wilder Geovanny , Hoyos Manrique Juan Esteban , Bedoya Chavarría William Esteban , Agudelo Velásquez Carlos Alberto 
Published: January 2023

. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las diferencias de rendimiento en la fuerza máxima en sentadilla y banca plana, flexibilidad y composición corporal en los competidores de Crossfit® según su categoría. El diseño del estudio fue no experimental descriptivo de carácter transversal. Los participantes fueron 30 sujetos (edad 26.6 ± 5.2 años; masa 77 ± 9.4 kg; talla 172.8 ± 7 cm) practicantes de Crossfit® a nivel competitivo en las categorías intermedio, avanzado y elite. La fuerza máxima fue evaluada con la prueba de repetición máxima en sentadilla y banca plana; la flexibilidad se midió con el Flexitest y la composición corporal con bio-impedancia. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p < .001) en la fuerza máxima al comparar las categorías competitivas. Estos valores de fuerza máxima aumentan a medida que avanza la categoría de competición. Sin embargo, no hubo diferencias en la flexibilidad, masa, porcentaje de grasa o porcentaje de masa muscular.
Palabras clave: Rendimiento deportivo CrossFit®; entrenamiento funcional de alta intensidad; indicadores físicos; rendimiento de referencia; fuerza.
Abstract. The purpose of this study was to determine performance differences in maximal squat and flat bench strength, flexibility, and body composition in CrossFit® competitors according to their category. The study design was non-experimental descriptive in a cross-sectional nature. The participants were 30 subjects (age 26.6 ± 5.2 years; mass 77 ± 9.4 kg; height 172.8 ± 7 cm) who practiced CrossFit® at a competitive level in the intermediate, advanced, and elite categories. Maximum strength was determined using the flat bench chest press and squat in the one repetition maximum test; flexibility was determined using the Flexitest; and body composition was determined using bio-impedance. When comparing the competitive categories, statistically significant differences (p < .001) in maximum strength were discovered. These values increase as the competition category progresses. However, there were no differences in flexibility, mass, percentage of fat, or percentage of muscle mass.
Keywords: CrossFit® sport performance; high-intensity functional training; fitness indicators; physical indicators; benchmark performance; strength.
TOKOH UTSMANI MUDA DAN IDE PEMBAHARUANNYA
Authors: Khaliq Khaliq , Santalia Indo , Wahyuddin Wahyuddin 
Published: January 2023

Kesultanan Ottoman di Turki melewati banyak fase dimulai pada abad ke-19 dan sangat mempengaruhi perjalanan sejarah pemerintahan ini. Salah satu fase pada perjalanan sejarah yang dimaksud adalah munculnya gerakan utsmani muda. Utsmani muda adalah gerakan intelektual pemuda Turki yang dianggap berlawanan dengan pemerintah, pada perjalanannya golongan intelektual ini memiliki banyak sumbangsih ide-ide pemikiran dan memberikan pengaruh pada perjalananan sejarah kesultanan ottoman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan sejarah munculnya gerakan utsmani muda, tokoh utsmani muda dan bagaimana pengaruh ide-ide pemikirannya terhadap kesultanan ottoman turki. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif-analisis dan penelitian kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa tokoh utsmani muda diantaranya Ibrahim Sinasi memiliki ide yang disebarkan melalui media cetak tantang hak-hak rakyat pendapat umum, kesadaran nasional, pemerintahan konstitusional, dan sebagainya, selanjutnya Ziyad Pasya memiliki ide tentang sistem pemerintahan konstitusional yang berlandaskan syariat Islam, Namik Kemal memiliki ide tentang model konstitusi yang memiliki Majlis Negara (Sura-yi Deylet), Majlis Nasional (Sura-yi Ummet), dan Senat (Meclis-I Ayan), sedangkan Midhat Pasya memiliki ide bentuk konstitusi demokrati dengan pengunaan term-term syariah seperti musyawarah, untuk perwakilan rakyat, Syari’at untuk konstitusi, dan bai’ah untuk kedaulatan rakyat.
KAJIAN TAFSIR ILMI TENTANG HEWAN MAMALIA DALAM AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Ni'mah Siar , Arif Ahmad Marzuki Muzakkir Muhammad 
Published: January 2023

Hewan, sebagaimana manusia adalah makhluk Allah yang di dalam Al-Qur’an menduduki posisinya masing-masing. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian yang membahas tentang penafsiran ilmi terkait hewan, khususnya hewan mamalia di dalam Al-Qur’an. Jenis penelitian yang dipilih dalam kajian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan (library research). Penelitian kepustakaan yang dimaksud adalah meninjau literatur khususnya literatur kitab tafsir untuk menganalisa bagaimana hewan mamalia diketengahkan di dalam Al-Qur’an. Karena itu analisis isi (content analysis) dipilih sebagai analisis data untuk menghadirkan kesimpulan yang tepat. Hasilnya: 1) di dalam Al-Qur’an ketika disebutkan jenis hewan mamalia maka tidak hanya sekedar disebutkan tetapi kehadiran hewan juga sebagai ladang tafakur bagi manusia, 2) hewan mamalia yang disebutkan tidak selalu bermakna hakiki, tetapi juga bermakna majazi.
Relationship Between Knowledge and Attitude of Mothers with Giving Colostrum to Babies at Pegasing Health Center, Central Aceh Regency
Authors: Rahmayani Rahmayani 
Published: January 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap ibu post partum dengan pemberian kolostrum pada bayi baru lahir. Penelitian ini menggunakan survey analitik yaitu penelitian yang mencoba menggali bagaimana penelitian dan mengapa fenomena itu terjadi. Dengan rancangan cross sectional, yaitu penelitian yang dilakukan dengan mengambil waktu tertentu yang relatif pendek dan tempat tertentu. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 23 responden, mayoritas ibu memiliki pengetahuan kurang 21 responden (29,2%) dengan tidak ada memberikan Kolostrum. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil uji statistik chi square test diperoleh P value = 0,001 untuk pengetahuan, dan 0,000 untuk sikap < ( = 0,05), maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan signifikan antara pengetahuan, dan sikap ibu dengan pemberian kolostrum, sehingga hipotesis alternatif (Ha) diterima dan hipotesis nol (H0) ditolak yang artinya ada hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu dengan pemberian kolostrum di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Pegasing.
Treatment Patterns of Covid-19 in Patients at Indriati Boyolali Hospital
Authors: Wicaksono Ahmad Ghofar , Pambudi Risma Sakti , Septiana Rita 
Published: January 2023

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) merupakan penyakit baru yang disebabkan oleh SARS-CoV-2. Pandemi ini terus berkembang hingga adanya laporan kematian dan kasus-kasus baru yang terus bermunculan di Negara-negara seluruh dunia, termasuk di Negara Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa gambaran penggunaan obat pasien rawat inap yang terjangkit Covid-19 pada Rumah Sakit Indriati Boyolali, Jawa Tengah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode deskriptif dengan desain retrospektif berupa rekam medis periode Maret 2020 hingga Oktober 2021. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien yang terjangkit Covid-19 dan dirawat inap di RS Indriati Boyolali. Sampel yang digunakan sesuai dengan kriteria yaitu pasien yang terjangkit Covid-19. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisa deskriptif disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dan persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jenis obat yang diberikan pada pasien yaitu golongan antibiotik (15%); Penggunaan suplemen (12%); Golongan obat mukolitik (9,2%); Golongan obat antihipertensi (8,9%); Golongan antidiabet (8,6%); Golongan obat analgetik (5,7%); Golongan obat antivirus (2,5%); Dan penggunaan sedatif (0,9%); Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa gambaran penggunaan obat pada pasien rawat inap di RS Indriati Boyolali mengunakan antibiotik terbanyak yaitu levofloksasin (5,7%); penggunaan suplemen terbanyak yaitu vitamin C (19%); penggunaan antihipertensi terbanyak yaitu amlodipine (3,3%); penggunaan antidiabetes terbanyak yaitu metformin (4,5%); dan penggunaan mukolitik terbanyak yaitu asetilsistein (6%).
PENGGUNAAN YOUTUBE SEBAGAI INFORMASI LAYANAN AKADEMIK DI FAKULTAS TARBIYAH DAN KEGURUAN UIN SULTHAN THAHA SAIFUDDIN JAMBI
Authors: Saparuddin  
Published: January 2023

This research describes as a form of today’s technological developments and one of the most influential modern technologies in the world of digitalization, because with the increasingly sophisticated technology (Social Media) currently providing faster and more accessible information, such as the use of multimedia.The purpose of this study is to describe student responses to the use of Youtube as Information on Academic Services at the Tarbiyah and Teacher Training Faculty of UIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi.
The methodology used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method with a sample of 50 students who use Youtube social media as service information. This research was conducted at the Academic and Student Affairs Section of the Tarbiyah and Teacher Training Faculty of UIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi. Based on the results of research using qualitative descriptions obtained from the results of a questionnaire to 50 students it was found that 66.00% was felt happy about service information using YouTube and 34.00% said that they were very happy with service information using YouTube social media. From the results of the questionnaire, it can be concluded that most students are happy with service information using social media in the form of YouTube.
Same with the first item, the second item also shows the same result. Of the 50 students, 75.00% stated that the service information process using YouTube was very easy to do and 25.00% said it was easy. The next item was asked about the use of youtube in helping students understand information. From of the 50 students, 70.00% said youtube was very helpful and 30.00% said youtube was useful.
Keywords: Youtube, Service Information, Academic Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training
Revamping Business Education Needs to Meet 21st Century Reality the Future of Business Education in Nigeria
Authors: Iyoha Daniel , Umeh Ugonwa Felicia , Maamaa Zorte Nbogana 
Published: January 2023

Since 21st century began over two decades ago, there seems to be a paradigm shift in educational values across the globe. This has left us with the options of either to swim or sink. In order not to sink, educational systems of most countries of the world began to rethink educational practices in order to remain relevant in this knowledge economy and communication technology driven age. Up to the advent of the twenty-first century, education systems around the world concentrated on training their students to simply acquire content and knowledge. Students were therefore seen as needing to learn reading and numerical skills in order to acquire content and information. But more recently, information and knowledge have become widely available and simple to obtain because of advances in technology and communication. Business education has been thought to be an instructional model that instills in its client the necessary applicable skills, talents, and competencies for independence. Even though these abilities are still vital and relevant, but are no more enough to keep degree holders employed in the volatile and competitive economy. As a result, there is a massive disparity between the information and expertise that students gain in university and those that they would need succeed in quintessential 21st century cultures and organizations. It is necessary to modify toward offering learners a set of abilities that depended not just on intellect but on all interrelatedness of mental, behavioral, and affective traits if we are to react appropriately to these contemporary innovation, target audience, and cultural transformations. In considering this, the paper examined the concepts of 21st century education, 21st century learning objectives, the concept of business education, and the communication technological skills in 21st century required of graduates. Also, conclusions and key recommendations were offered.
Efficacy of antigravity and Pilates exercise to improve balance in T2DM
Authors: K. Kamatchi , S. Saranya , G. Tharani , K.C. Gayathri , I. Deepa , N. Kaviraja , S.K. Meenakshi 
Published: January 2023

Introduction and Aim: Increased risk of fall and injury, disturbance in gait and balance is always associated with type 2 diabetes. The more common risk factor in diabetes is the fear of fall. Exercise provides stability, improves the dynamic balance and has a great influence to maintain the equilibrium of the body. The aim of the study was to analyse the effect of antigravity and Pilates exercise to improve balance in diabetes mellitus patients.

Materials and Methods: This is an experimental study and a comparative type. The study was done in the Faculty of Physiotherapy OP department, A.C.S. Medical College and Hospital with a study sample of 30 patients with male and female in the age group of 45 -65 years. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria the subjects were segregated into two groups. Group A- were implemented with antigravity exercise for half an hour for three days per week for 12 weeks and Group B -were implemented with Pilates for forty-five minutes for three days per week for 12 weeks.

Results: The study revealed that anti-gravity exercise was better than Pilates exercise and which helps in increasing the balance, muscle strength and prevent falls Risks and provides a great significant difference in post- test mean value (P 0.001).

Conclusion: At the end of the study, it indicates that anti-gravity exercise was found to be more effective in improving the balance among diabetes mellitus patients.
Renal protective effect of Trigonella foenum-graecum seed extract on morphine withdrawal in rats
Authors: Sharminni A/P Krishnan Sutha , Jeppu Ashok Kumar , Halim Shariff , Sina Alkesah Thur , Ashok Kumar Kavitha , Soni Gargi 
Published: January 2023

Introduction and Aim: Morphine is widely used as a drug for treating chronic pain in post-operative and cancer patients. Unfortunately, over time, prolonged use of morphine can cause nephrotoxicity due to elevated level of oxidative stress. Trigonella foenum-graecum (TFG) commonly known as ‘fenugreek’ is well-known for its antioxidative properties. This study evaluated the renal protective effects of TFG on the morphine induced rats.

Materials and Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 5 Groups (n=8). The positive control and treatment Groups were administered morphine intraperitoneally for 7 consecutive days. The treatment Groups were administered aqueous extract of TFG orally for 21 days. The weight of the kidneys was measured, and histological changes were studied. The oxidative stress in the kidney tissue was studied by measuring the malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and glutathione (GSH) in the tissue homogenate.

Results: The kidney weights were significantly reduced in morphine administered rats compared to the aqueous TFG extract treated Groups. Histological examinations revealed a greater number of healthy glomeruli and thick renal tubules in the aqueous TFG extract treated rats. In morphine administered rats, the oxidative stress was higher with the MDA level significantly increased while the levels of SOD, TAC and GSH were reduced compared to normal rats.

Conclusion: The aqueous TFG extract treatment reduced the oxidative stress in the kidneys of the morphine administered rats. The nephroprotective effects of aqueous TFG extract may be related to its antioxidant activity.
Proceso enfermero en pacientes de post-histerectomía vaginal
Authors: Guanga López Maura Elizabeth , Sailema Ronquillo María Belén , Hinojosa Fierro María Olga , Carrera Zurita Lucia de los Ángeles 
Published: January 2023

INTRODUCCIÓN: La histerectomía es la extirpación quirúrgica del útero y, dependiendo del tipo de procedimiento, puede incluir también la extirpación del cuello uterino, las trompas de Falopio y los ovarios. OBJETIVO: Aplicar el Proceso de Atención Enfermero en la etapa postoperatoria de la paciente intervenida a una histerectomía vaginal. MÉTODOLOGÍA: Se trata de un estudio cualitativo y descriptivo basado en la aplicación del proceso de atención enfermería y en la valoración de los patrones funcionales de Marjory Gordon. El análisis de información procura dar a conocer los cuidados postoperatorios de histerectomía vaginal. DISCUSIÓN: Se encontraron varios síntomas postoperatorios, de los cuales prevalece el dolor después de la anestesia, hipotermia, cefalea, disminución de la libido y posibles complicaciones médicas. Con el fin de establecer los cuidados enfocados y priorizados en cada manifestación clínica, brindando un trato digno con calidad y calidez en esta cirugía que es muy común en las mujeres en edad reproductiva. CONCLUSIÓN: Se priorizaron los cuidados físicos y psicológicos postoperatorios enfocados en obtener el bienestar de la paciente mediante la utilización el Proceso de Atención de Enfermería, con el propósito de disminuir el riesgo de complicaciones, reestableciendo el estado de salud.