bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stability analysis of hybrid stochastic delay differential equations with asynchronous switching and discrete observations
Authors: Yu Xinyun , Deng Feiqi , Wan Fangzhe , Huang Yongjia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper studies the hybrid stochastic delay differential equations (SDDEs) with asynchronous switching and discrete observations. For SDDEs based on discrete observations, there are two methods: The discrete‐time approach and the input time delay method. For linear solvable equations, the discrete‐time approach is feasible but for unsolvable nonlinear hybrid SDSs, the results of the discrete‐time approach have not been discussed. So, it is natural to ask: Is the discrete‐time approach still workable for nonlinear hybrid SDSs? This paper focuses on this problem. By using tools of stochastic analysis, constructing Lyapunov functional and using the discrete‐time approach, the stability of hybrid SDSs by discrete‐time feedback control is obtained. Finally, a numerical example is presented to verify the theoretical result.
Bioluminescent eddies of the World Ocean
Authors: Piontkovski Sergey A. , Melnik Alexandr V. , Serikova Irina M. , Minsky Ivan A. , Zhuk Vladimir F. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMesoscale eddies of the ocean (with a characteristic diameter of about 100 km and a life time‐span of about several weeks) are habitats of plankton organisms, many of which are bioluminescent. The spatial heterogeneity of bioluminescence of the upper mixed layer associated with the impact of mesoscale eddies is poorly studied. The 45‐year historical data set was retrieved, in order to select the bathy‐photometric surveys carried out in the form of station grids and transects across eddies. Data from 71 expeditions deployed in 1966–2022 to the Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean and Mediterranean Sea basin were analyzed, in order for the spatial heterogeneity of bioluminescent fields to be elucidated across eddy fields. The stimulated bioluminescence intensity was characterized by the bioluminescent potential, which represented the maximal amount of radiant energy emitted in a given volume of water by bioluminescent organisms. The normalized bioluminescent potential over oceanographic station grids exhibited correlation with the eddy kinetic energy and zooplankton biomass (r = 0.8, at P = 0.001 and r = 0.7, at P = 0.05, respectively), in a broad range of energy and bioluminescence units (0.02–0.2 m2 s−2; 0.4–92.0 × 10−8 W cm−2 L−1, respectively). Overall, estimates of bioluminescent potential variability on the mesoscale contribute to the assessment of the multiple‐scale variation of the bioluminescent field of the World Ocean.
Piloting Oiconomy Pricing: First experiences of producers applying full cost sustainability assessment of products
Authors: Vermeulen Walter J. V. , Croes Pim R. , van der Feen Larissa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Oiconomy Pricing approach provides an innovative way of measuring and communicating (un)sustainability of products. It expresses (un)sustainability in a virtual monetary unit, the ‘Eco Social Cost Unit’ (ESCU). As closely as possible, the ESCU score of a product equals the externalities, which can also be described as hidden preventative costs. In the context of product sustainability assessment, these are the costs that need to be spent to avoid any damage to the environment or society that the product causes during its entire lifecycle. This paper presents the result of a pilot project with three companies operating in global value chains, applying the Oiconomy Sustainability Assessment Tool. The project encouraged end‐producer companies and their value chain partners to calculate the hidden preventative costs and jointly implement sustainable solutions. This article presents the results of these calculations for the three cases, the experiences of the companies and the implications for the market introduction of the tool.
The Discovery and Anti‐Colorectal Cancer Activities of Cembranolides from the South China Sea Soft Coral Sinularia pendunculata
Authors: Wang Hong‐Ru , Jin Yang , Sun Ruo‐Nan , Yao Li‐Gong , Xia Jian‐Hua , Huang Yun , Liu San‐Hong , Zhang Wei‐Dong , Li Xu‐Wen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA new cembranolide, namely, sinupendunculide A (1), along with eight known related compounds (2–9), was isolated from the South China Sea Soft coral Sinularia pendunculata. The structure of sinupendunculide A (1) was established by extensive spectroscopic analysis and X‐ray diffraction experiments. In a bioassay, anti‐colorectal cancer (CRC) activity was performed, and the results showed that several compounds exhibited cytotoxicity against RKO cells, and a preliminary structure‐activity relationship was analysed. Meanwhile, the most effective compound 7 was proven to increase reactive oxygen species levels, which promoted cell apoptosis and inhibited cell proliferation.
Five New Phenolic Glycosides from Viburnum luzonicum
Authors: Chen Jia , Zhao Min , Zhou Hongjuan , Tang Yiyuan , Ji Wei , Shao Jianhua , Zhao Chunjie , Zhao Chunchao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractViburnum luzonicum is widely distributed in China. Its branch extracts showed potential α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase inhibitory activities. In order to discover new bioactive constituents, five undescribed phenolic glycosides, viburozosides A−E (1–5), were obtained by bioassay‐guided isolation coupled with HPLC‐QTOF‐MS/MS analysis. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses, including 1D NMR, 2D NMR, ECD, and ORD. All compounds were tested for their α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase inhibitory potency. Compound 1 showed significantly competitive inhibition against α‐amylase (IC50=17.5 μM) and α‐glucosidase (IC50=13.6 μM).
ASPM promotes migration and invasion of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma by stabilizing KIF11
Authors: Fang Qilu , Li Qinglin , Qi Yajun , Pan Zongfu , Feng Tingting , Xin Wenxiu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAbnormal spindle‐like microcephaly‐associated (ASPM) protein is crucial to the mitotic spindle function during cell replication and tumor progression in multiple tumor types. However, the effect of ASPM in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) has not yet been understood. The present study is to elucidate the function of ASPM in the migration and invasion of ATC. ASPM expression is incrementally upregulated in ATC tissues and cell lines. Knockout (KO) of ASPM pronouncedly attenuates the migration and invasion of ATC cells. ASPM KO significantly reduces the transcript levels of Vimentin, N‐cadherin, and Snail and increases E‐cadherin and Occludin, thereby inhibiting epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). Mechanistically, ASPM regulates the movement of ATC cells by inhibiting the ubiquitin degradation of KIF11 and thus stabilizing it via direct binding to it. Moreover, xenograft tumors in nude mice proved that KO of ASPM could ameliorate tumorigenesis and tumor growth accompanied by a decreased protein expression of KIF11 and an inhibition of EMT. In conclusion, ASPM is a potentially useful therapeutic target for ATC. Our results also reveal a novel mechanism by which ASPM inhibits the ubiquitin process in KIF11.
Impact of calcification on clinical outcomes after drug‐coated balloon angioplasty for superficial femoral artery disease: Assessment using the peripheral artery calcification scoring system
Authors: Mori Shinsuke , Takahara Mitsuyoshi , Nakama Tatsuya , Tobita Kazuki , Hayakawa Naoki , Iwata Yo , Horie Kazunori , Suzuki Kenji , Yamawaki Masahiro , Ito Yoshiaki 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPurposeTo investigate whether the severity of calcification assessed by the peripheral artery calcification scoring system (PACSS) was associated with clinical outcomes of drug‐coated balloon (DCB) angioplasty for femoropopliteal lesions.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 733 limbs with intermittent claudication of 626 patients, who underwent DCB angioplasty for de novo femoropopliteal lesions between January 2017 and February 2021 at seven cardiovascular centers in Japan. The patients were categorized using the PACSS classification (grades 0–4: no visible calcification of the target lesion, unilateral wall calcification < 5 cm, unilateral calcification ≥ 5 cm, bilateral wall calcification < 5 cm, and bilateral calcification ≥ 5 cm, respectively). The main outcome was primary patency at 1 year. The Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to explore whether the PACSS classification was an independent predictor of clinical outcomes.ResultsThe distribution of PACSS was grade 0 in 38%, grade 1 in 17%, grade 2 in 7%, grade 3 in 16%, and grade 4 in 23%. The 1‐year primary patency rates in these grades, respectively, were 88.2%, 89.3%, 71.9%, 96.5%, and 82.6%, respectively (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis disclosed that PACSS grade 4 (hazard ratio: 1.82, 95% confidence interval 1.15−2.87, p = 0.010) was associated with restenosis.ConclusionThe PACSS grade 4 calcification was independently associated with poor clinical outcomes after DCB angioplasty for de novo femoropopliteal lesions.
Alveolar bone exostoses following orthodontic treatment. Diagnostic considerations and clinical management
Authors: Venugopal Adith , Bunthouen Noem , Hasan Hasan Sabah , Agani Krenare , Butera Andrea , Vaid Nikhilesh R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlveolar bone exostoses (ABE) are benign localized convex outgrowths of buccal or lingual bone, which could be delineated from the surrounding cortical plate, also known as a buttress bone formation. Our review and case series demonstrate the development of alveolar bone exostoses during orthodontic therapy. It is crucial to keep in mind that every case presented had a history of palatal tori. In our clinical observations, higher precedence of ABE development was seen in participants during incisor retraction, especially with preexisting palatal tori. Additionally, we have successfully demonstrated surgical techniques to eliminate ABE in the event that self‐remission does not occur once orthodontic forces are discontinued.
Bismuth Cations: Fluoride Ion Abstraction, Isocyanide Coordination, and Impact of Steric Bulk on Lewis Acidity
Authors: Dunaj Tobias , Schwarzmann Johannes , Ramler Jacqueline , Stoy Andreas , Reith Sascha , Nitzsche Joel , Völlinger Lena , von Hänisch Carsten , Lichtenberg Crispin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe molecular compound [BiDipp2(SbF6)], containing the bulky, donor‐free bismuth cation [BiDipp2]+ has been synthesized and fully characterized (Dipp=2,6‐iPr2‐C6H3). Using its methyl analog [BiMe2(SbF6)] as a second reference point, the impact of steric bulk on bismuth‐based Lewis acidity was investigated in a combined experimental (Gutmann‐Beckett and modified Gutmann‐Beckett methods) and theoretical approach (DFT calculations). Reactivity studies of the bismuth cations towards [PF6]− and neutral Lewis bases such as isocyanides C≡NR’ revealed facile fluoride ion abstraction and straightforward Lewis pair formation, respectively. The first examples of compounds featuring bismuth‐bound isocyanides have been isolated and fully characterized.
Couette flow fluorescence detected linear dichroism for analytes in lipid bilayers
Authors: Rodger Alison , Kitamura Junya , Sato Akihiro , Shao Ping 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMembranes are important sites of intermolecular interactions in biological systems. However, they present significant analytical challenges as they contain multiple analytes and are dynamic in nature. In this work, we show how a Jasco J‐1500 circular dichroism spectropolarimeter can be used with a microvolume Couette flow cell and appropriate cut‐off filters to measure excitation fluorescence detected linear dichroism (FDLD) of fluorophores embedded in liposomal membranes. The result is a spectrum that selectively probes the fluorophore(s) and eliminates the scattering that is apparent in the corresponding flow linear dichroism (LD) spectrum. The FDLD spectrum is opposite in sign from the LD spectrum with relative magnitudes modified by the quantum yields of the transitions. FDLD thus enables analyte orientations to be identified in a membrane. Data for a membrane peptide, gramicidin, and two aromatic analytes, anthracene and pyrene, are presented. Issues with the “leakage” of photons by the long pass filters used is also discussed.
Molecular Design for Symmetric All‐Organic Batteries
Authors: Guo Haoyu , Dai Huichao , Wang Chengliang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSymmetric batteries that use the same material as both cathodes and anodes have several advantages. However, traditional inorganic materials are facing challenges as electrode materials in symmetric batteries. The designable organic electrode materials (OEMs) make it possible to fabricate symmetric all‐organic batteries (SAOBs), which are still in their infancy stage. Herein, we summarize the requirements of the OEMs for SAOBs and classify SAOBs based on the types of OEMs (n‐type and bipolar, including carbonyl materials, materials with C=N groups, conducting polymers, free radical compounds, conjugated coordination polymers, arylamine derivatives etc.). We review the recent progress on SAOBs and analyze the advantages and shortcomings of different types of SAOBs. The strategies for designing OEMs in SAOBs with high performance are discussed. Thus, we hope this review will stimulate more interest in SAOBs and pave the potential application of SAOBs with high performance.
Imparting Stability to Organic Photovoltaic Components through Molecular Engineering: Mitigating Reactions with Singlet Oxygen
Authors: Henke Petr , Rindom Cecilie , Kanta Aryal Um , Frydenlund Jespersen Malte , Broløs Line , Mansø Mads , Turkovic Vida , Madsen Morten , Mikkelsen Kurt V. , Ogilby Peter R. , Brøndsted Nielsen Mogens 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOne key challenge in the development of viable organic photovoltaic devices is to design component molecules that do not degrade during combined exposure to oxygen and light. Such molecules should thus remain comparatively unreactive towards singlet molecular oxygen and not act as photosensitizers for the generation of this undesirable species. Here, novel redox‐active chromophores that combine these two properties are presented. By functionalizing indenofluorene‐extended tetrathiafulvalenes (IF‐TTFs) with cyano groups at the indenofluorene core using Pd‐catalyzed cyanation reactions, we find that the reactivity of the exocyclic fulvene carbon‐carbon double bonds towards singlet oxygen is considerably reduced. The new cyano‐functionalized IF‐TTFs were tested in non‐fullerene acceptor based organic photovoltaic proof‐of‐principle devices, revealing enhanced device stability.
Simultaneous Anodic and Cathodic Formate Production in a Paired Electrolyzer by CO2 Reduction and Glycerol Oxidation
Authors: Junqueira João R. C. , Das Debanjan , Cathrin Brix Ann , Dieckhöfer Stefan , Weidner Jonas , Wang Xin , Shi Jialin , Schuhmann Wolfgang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractElectrochemical CO2 conversion is a key technology to promote the production of carbon‐containing molecules, alongside reducing CO2 emissions leading to a closed carbon cycle economy. Over the past decade, the interest to develop selective and active electrochemical devices for electrochemical CO2 reduction emerged. However, most reports employ oxygen evolution reaction as an anodic half‐cell reaction causing the system to suffer from sluggish kinetics with no production of value‐added chemicals. Therefore, this study reports a conceptualized paired electrolyzer for simultaneous anodic and cathodic formate production at high currents. To achieve this, CO2 reduction was coupled with glycerol oxidation: a BiOBr‐modified gas‐diffusion cathode and a NixB on Ni foam anode keep their selectivity for formate in the paired electrolyzer compared to the half‐cell measurements. The paired reactor here reaches a combined Faradaic efficiency for formate of 141 % (45 % anode and 96 % cathode) at a current density of 200 mA cm−2.
Tracking cognition with the T‐MoCA in a racially/ethnically diverse older adult cohort
Authors: Wang Cuiling , Nester Caroline O. , Chang Katherine , Rabin Laura A. , Ezzati Ali , Lipton Richard B. , Katz Mindy J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionWe investigated the utility of the Telephone‐Montreal Cognitive Assessment (T‐MoCA) to track cognition in a diverse sample from the Einstein Aging Study.MethodsTelephone and in‐person MoCA data, collected annually, were used to evaluate longitudinal cognitive performance. Joint models of T‐MoCA and in‐person MoCA compared changes, variance, and test‐retest reliability measured by intraclass correlation coefficient by racial/ethnic group.ResultsThere were no significant differences in baseline performance or longitudinal changes across three study waves for both MoCA formats. T‐MoCA performance improved over waves 1–3 but declined afterward. Test‐retest reliability was lower for the T‐MoCA than for the in‐person MoCA. In comparison with non‐Hispanic Whites, non‐Hispanic Blacks and Hispanics performed worse at baseline on both MoCA formats and showed lower correlations between T‐MoCA and in‐person versions.ConclusionsThe T‐MoCA provides valuable information on cognitive change, despite racial/ethnic disparities and practice effects. We discuss implications for health disparity populations.Highlights
We assessed the comparability of Telephone‐Montreal Cognitive Assessment (T‐MoCA) and in‐person MoCA for tracking cognition.
Changes within 3 years in T‐MoCA were similar to that for the in‐person MoCA.
T‐MoCA is subject to practice effects and shows difference in performance by race/ethnicity.
Test‐retest reliability of T‐MoCA is lower than that for in‐person MoCA.
What role do dauciform roots play? Responses of Carex filispica to trampling in alpine meadows based on functional traits
Authors: Fan Rong , Hua Jinguo , Huang Yulin , Lin Jiayi , Ji Wenli 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn China, dauciform roots were hardly studied and only reported in alpine meadows, where sedges showed a different tendency from other functional groups such as grasses and forbs with degradation. In addition, Carex species were proved to have shifting scaling relationships among LES (leaf economics spectrum) traits under disturbance. So, are these unique performances of sedges related to the presence of dauciform roots, and if so, how? An alpine meadow dominated by Carex filispica in Baima Snow Mountain was selected, and quantitative trampling was performed (0, 50, 200, and 500 passes). The cover and dauciform root properties of Carex filispica were measured, as well as the morphological, chemical traits and biomass of leaves and roots, their correlations and the differences between individuals with and without dauciform roots were analyzed. After the trampling, individuals with dauciform roots showed multiple resource‐acquisitive traits: Larger, thicker leaves, more aboveground biomass, higher efficiency of nutrient utilization, and slenderer roots. Additionally, they had a tighter correlation among belowground biomass, morphological and chemical traits, as well as dauciform root properties and morphology of leaves, suggesting that their traits were more related than those without dauciform roots. The presence of dauciform roots in Carex filispica was related to advantages in multiple traits after trampling, which is consistent with and might be responsible for the unique performances of sedges.
Linking plant diversity–productivity relationships to plant functional traits of dominant species and changes in soil properties in 15‐year‐old experimental grasslands
Authors: Dietrich Peter , Eisenhauer Nico , Roscher Christiane 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPositive plant diversity–productivity relationships are known to be driven by complementary resource use via differences in plant functional traits. Moreover, soil properties related to nutrient availability were shown to change with plant diversity over time; however, it is not well‐understood whether and how such plant diversity‐dependent soil changes and associated changes in functional traits contribute to positive diversity–productivity relationships in the long run. To test this, we investigated plant communities of different species richness (1, 2, 6, and 9 species) in a 15‐year‐old grassland biodiversity experiment. We determined community biomass production and biodiversity effects (net biodiversity [NEs], complementarity [CEs], and selection effects [SEs]), as well as community means of plant functional traits and soil properties. First, we tested how these variables changed along the plant diversity gradient and were related to each other. Then, we tested for direct and indirect effects of plant and soil variables influencing community biomass production and biodiversity effects. Community biomass production, NEs, CEs, SEs, plant height, root length density (RLD), and all soil property variables changed with plant diversity and the presence of the dominant grass species Arrhenatherum elatius (increase except for soil pH, which decreased). Plant height and RLD for plant functional traits, and soil pH and organic carbon concentration for soil properties, were the variables with the strongest influence on biomass production and biodiversity effects. Our results suggest that plant species richness and the presence of the dominant species, A. elatius, cause soil organic carbon to increase and soil pH to decrease over time, which increases nutrient availability favoring species with tall growth and dense root systems, resulting in higher biomass production in species‐rich communities. Here, we present an additional process that contributes to the strengthening positive diversity–productivity relationship, which may play a role alongside the widespread plant functional trait‐based explanation.
Using machine learning on tree‐ring data to determine the geographical provenance of historical construction timbers
Authors: Kuhl Eileen , Zang Christian , Esper Jan , Riechelmann Dana F. C. , Büntgen Ulf , Briesch Martin , Reinig Frederick , Römer Philipp , Konter Oliver , Schmidhalter Martin , Hartl Claudia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDendroclimatology offers the unique opportunity to reconstruct past climate at annual resolution and wood from historical buildings can be used to extend such information back in time up to several millennia. However, the varying and often unclear origin of timbers affects the climate sensitivity of individual tree‐ring samples. Here, we compare tree‐ring width and density of 143 living larch (Larix decidua Mill.) trees at seven sites along an elevational transect from 1400 to 2200 m asl and 99 historical tree‐ring series to parametrize state‐of‐the‐art classification models for the European Alps. To achieve geographical provenance of the historical series, nine different supervised machine learning algorithms are trained and tested in their capability to solve our classification problem. Based on this assessment, we consider a tree‐ring density‐based and a tree‐ring width‐based dataset for model building. For each of these datasets, a general not species‐related model and a larch‐specific model including the cyclic larch budmoth influence are built. From the nine tested machine learning algorithms, Extreme Gradient Boosting showed the best performance. The density‐based models outperform the ring‐width models with the larch‐specific density model reaching the highest skill (f1 score = 0.8). The performance metrics reveal that the larch‐specific density model also performs best within individual sites and particularly in sites above 2000 m asl, which show the highest temperature sensitivities. The application of the specific density model for larch allows the historical series to be assigned with high confidence to a particular elevation within the valley. The procedure can be applied to other provenance studies using multiple tree growth characteristics. The novel approach of building machine learning models based on tree‐ring density features allows to omit a common period between reference and historical data for finding the provenance of relict wood and will therefore help to improve millennium‐length climate reconstructions.