bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital Health Literacy: A systematic review of interventions and their influence on healthcare access and sustainable development Goal-3 (SDG-3)
Authors: Mukhtar Tehreem , Muhammad Naveed Babur  , Roohi Abbas  , Asima Irshad  , Qurba Kiran  
Published: February 2025

This study explores how interventions focused on digital health literacy (DHL) can improve access to healthcare and contribute to achieving Sustainable Development Goal-3 (SDG- 3). We scrutinized information from PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, and Web of Science released search articles from March 1, 2020 to January 31, 2024. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, the review concentrated only on experimental studies that assessed how DHL initiatives have influenced enhancing patient health outcomes and access to healthcare. Research that did not cover DHL or the availability of healthcare, was not included. The analysis was primarily qualitative, focusing on thematic patterns and insights rather than statistical outcomes. Our results showed that DHL interventions typically result in enhanced health literacy, improved medication adherence, and higher self-confidence, particularly benefiting marginalized communities. Limitations to safe & accessible healthcare underscore the need for more focused and culturally appropriate strategies. This review shows that interventions by DHL can greatly enhance healthcare results, highlighting the need to tackle inequalities to ensure marginalized communities also benefit.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.3.10639
How to cite this: Mukhtar T, Babur MN, Abbas R, Irshad A, Kiran Q. Digital Health Literacy: A systematic review of interventions and their influence on healthcare access and sustainable development Goal-3 (SDG-3). Pak J Med Sci. 2025;41(3):910-918. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.3.10639
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Contextualizing the Conscientiousness Index Tool and Correlating Burnout with Conscientiousness Index as a measure of Professionalism in Postgraduate Students
Authors: Tasneem Shamila , Mahboob Usman , Ansari Baig Lubna , Ahmed khan Rehan 
Published: February 2025

Objective: To contextualize the Conscientiousness Index and determine the relationship between burnout and the Conscientiousness Index as a measure of professionalism in postgraduate students.
Methods: This mixed-method study was done in two phases in Lahore from September 2023 to July 2024. The first phase involved contextualization of the Conscientiousness Index (CI) tool. A literature review, feedback from consultants and staff, identification of data sources, expert validation, and cognitive pretesting were conducted to contextualize the CI tool. In the second phase, a correlational study was done by collecting data using a purposive sampling technique (n=134). The CI scores were calculated from administrative records and clinical staff input. Burnout levels were assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory, which has three main constructs: Emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and personal accomplishment (PA). Burnout and CI scores were compiled and analyzed using SPSS v26.0. The t-test, one-way ANOVA, Chi-square test, and Pearson’s correlation were used for data analysis.
Results: A six-item CI scale was contextualized with S-CVI (0.89) and CVR >0.62. Mild burnout was found in 63 (47%) participants, while 71 (53%) exhibited moderate-to-severe burnout. The overall mean CI score was 42.1 ± 5.96 (total score: 50). No significant association was found between burnout and CI scores. However, a moderate negative correlation was observed between EE and CI scores (r=-0.69), and a weak positive correlation (0.19) was found between PA and CI scores, which was statistically significant (p = 0.02).
Conclusion: The CI tool had good validity in the local context. There was a high prevalence of burnout among postgraduate students. No statistically significant association was found between burnout severity and CI scores. However, a weak correlation was found between burnout domains and CI scores. Further research is required to understand this weak correlation and validation of CI tool in different settings.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.3.10906
How to cite this: Tasneem S, Mahboob U, Baig LA, Khan RA. Contextualizing the Conscientiousness Index Tool and Correlating Burnout with Conscientiousness Index as a measure of Professionalism in Postgraduate Students. Pak J Med Sci. 2025;41(3):827-831. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.3.10906
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Effects of sentinel lymph node biopsy combined with breast-conserving surgery on surgical-related indexes, serum TPA level and recurrence rate in patients with early breast cancer
Authors: Gong Ke , Yang Siqi , Liu Youzhong , Xu Yong 
Published: February 2025

Objective: To explore the effects of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) combined with breast-conserving surgery on surgical-related indexes, serum tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) level and recurrence rate in patients with early breast cancer.
Methods: This was retrospective study. A total of 112 patients with early breast cancer who underwent surgical treatment in The First People’s Hospital of Changde City from January 2020 to January 2024 were enrolled. According to different surgical methods, they were divided into control group (49 cases, modified radical mastectomy) and observation group (63 cases, SLNB combined with breast-conserving surgery). The perioperative indexes, levels of serum tumor markers, postoperative complications, long-term survival and recurrence were compared between the two groups.
Results: The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage volume, hospitalization time in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.05). Before surgery and at three months after surgery, there were no significant differences in the levels of serum cancer antigen 153(CA153), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) between the two groups(P>0.05). After three years of follow-up, there were no significant differences in the recurrence rate and survival rate between the two groups (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Compared with modified radical mastectomy, SLNB combined with breast-conserving surgery may have better surgical procedures and outcomes, and significantly reduce the incidence of upper limb edema. The effects of surgical method choice are fewer on the long-term prognosis and postoperative levels of tumor markers such as serum TPA.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.3.9863
How to cite this: Gong K, Yang S, Liu Y, Xu Y. Effects of sentinel lymph node biopsy combined with breast-conserving surgery on surgical-related indexes, serum TPA level and recurrence rate in patients with early breast cancer. Pak J Med Sci. 2025;41(3):832-836. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.3.9863
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Analisis Prinsip Independensi Hakim Konstitusi di Indonesia
Authors: Koswara Priandita , Megawati Megawati 
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this paper is: to find out the analysis of the principle of independence of constitutional judges in Indonesia. The type of research used is included in normative juridical research because it is carried out through document studies or through literature materials by collecting primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. The legal material obtained was analyzed using qualitative analysis. Meanwhile, the approach method used by the author in this study itself is a conceptual approach. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the independence of judicial power can be understood as independence or independence, in the sense of complete freedom and no interference with judicial power. Judicial power is an independent or independent institution of state power, so there is no interference from any party in the implementation of its duties and authorities. Efforts to reduce the value of independence and political practice towards the Constitutional Court are clearly demonstrated by the legislature. Actions outside these provisions injure the independence of the judiciary which is the most important bulwark of the rule of law in the sense of Article 1 paragraph (3) and Article 24 paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution.
Cross-validation of prediction equations for estimating the body mass index in adults without the use of body weight
Authors: Nunes Filho Júlio César Chaves , Nunes Marilia Porto Oliveira , de Matos Robson Salviano , Pinto Daniel Vieira , Pereira Dyego Castelo Branco Holanda Gadelha , Branco Thais Amanda Silva Pereira Castelo , Da Silva Júnior Geraldo Bezerra , Ramalho Janaina de Almeida Mota , Daher Elizabeth De Francesco 
Published: February 2025

Introduction
Body Mass Index (BMI) is a widely accepted measure by the World Health Organization for assessing body composition, as it provides critical insights into health risks, life expectancy, and quality of life. However, in resource-limited settings, access to weighing scales is often inadequate, and environmental conditions, such as unstable terrain, may hinder accurate weight measurements. In these contexts, alternative methods for estimating BMI become essential for effective health assessment. This study aimed to develop and validate equations to estimate BMI without relying on body weight, providing a practical tool for nutritional assessment where traditional methods are not feasible.

Materials and methods
Adults aged 18 to 59 of both sexes were included. Variables like waist circumference, height, hip circumference, age, and weight were used for equation development and validation. Participants were divided by sex, with regression and validation subgroups for each. Statistical tests included Student’s t-tests, Pearson correlation, Stepwise Regression, Intraclass Correlation Coefficient, Weighted Kappa Coefficient, and Bland-Altman statistics.

Results
The study included 810 adults, with 63% (576) women. No significant differences were found in paired comparisons between regression and validation subgroups for both sexes (p > 0.05). Four equations were proposed for BMI estimation: EM2 and EM3 for males, and EF2 and EF3 for females. All equations showed strong positive correlations (r > 0.90), significant at p < 0.05. Regression analysis revealed R2 values between 0.861 and 0.901 (p < 0.000). Intraclass Correlation Coefficient values indicated agreement of 0.961 and 0.972 (p < 0.05), with Weighted Kappa values showing substantial agreement of 0.658 and 0.711 for both sexes (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Adopting the proposed equations for estimating BMI in adults without using body weight is safe and effective for measuring this body measure in this population, particularly when weighing these individuals is not feasible.
Os discursos expressos pela OCDE sobre formação inicial e continuada de professores
Authors: Melo Damiana Fernandes de , Vieira Marilandi Maria Mascarello , Ferreira Fernando Ilídio da Silva 
Published: February 2025

Este estudo, recorte de uma dissertação de mestrado em Educação, analisou documentos emitidos pela Organização para a Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Econômico (OCDE) de 2010 a 2020. O objetivo da pesquisa foi identificar como os discursos dessa organização influenciam a formulação de políticas educacionais, com ênfase nas diretrizes voltadas para a formação inicial e continuada de professores. Nesse sentido, a investigação destaca que, por meio de relatórios e recomendações, a OCDE exerce um papel influente nas políticas públicas ao oferecer dados que auxiliam diversos países na avaliação de sistemas educacionais e na identificação de áreas de melhoria, ao mesmo tempo em que promove uma educação alinhada às demandas do mercado. Por essas razões, compreender o papel da OCDE torna-se fundamental para examinar como suas orientações moldam as políticas nacionais e influenciam a formação docente. O estudo seguiu uma abordagem qualitativa, que combina pesquisa documental e bibliográfica. A metodologia do trabalho fundamentou-se na Análise de Conteúdo, de Bardin (2011), que contempla etapas que incluem a seleção de documentos, a construção de corpus discursivo e a análise dos significados explícitos e implícitos presentes nos textos. Em linhas gerais, os resultados da pesquisa apontaram que a OCDE propõe uma formação docente alinhada às demandas econômicas globais, fundamentada em evidências, à integração entre teoria e prática e voltada ao desenvolvimento de competências que capacitem os educadores para os desafios atuais da educação. A OCDE também reflete uma perspectiva neoliberal que vem moldando a formação de professores às exigências de um mundo globalizado e influenciando diretamente as políticas educacionais.
Asymptotic behaviors of least energy solutions for weakly coupled nonlinear Schrödinger systems
Authors: Chen Zhijie , Cheng Zetao 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We study the asymptotic behavior of positive least energy solutions to the weakly coupled nonlinear Schrödinger systems with nearly critical exponents. There are at most three kinds of asymptotic behaviors for positive solutions to two-coupled systems: (i) both two components converge; (ii) one component blows up while the other one converges; (iii) both two components blow up. Here we prove that any type of these three asymptotic behaviors will happen under different circumstances.
Growth rates, standing stocks, and estimates of net primary production for the kelps Agarum clathratum, Hedophyllum nigripes, and Eualaria fistulosa (Phaeophyceae, Laminariales) in Kachemak Bay, Cook Inlet, Alaska
Authors: Lees Dennis Cody , Driskell William B. , Erikson David E. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We measured baseline growth rates of perennial understory kelps, Agarum clathratum and Hedophyllum nigripes, and canopy-forming Eualaria fistulosa from March 1977 through October 1978 in Jakolof Bay, Kachemak Bay, Alaska. We measured density and biomass of several kelp species in the entrance to Jakolof Bay, at Seldovia Point, and at Latouche Point, Latouche Is., in an ocean entrance into Prince William Sound. We used Kachemak Bay data to estimate primary productivity in these kelp beds. In view of current records demonstrating increasing sea-surface temperatures in the Gulf of Alaska, these baseline data provide a useful basis for evaluating effects of climate change or other environmental effects. Growth rates, highest from late winter/early spring and lowest from late summer until mid-winter, changed seasonally. Rates were fastest in Eualaria, the largest of these kelps, and slowest in Agarum, the smallest. Rates and seasonality of stipe growth varied among species. Stipe growth, observed seasonally in Agarum and Hedophyllum, occurred from spring through mid-summer; rates were slowest in Agarum. Stipe growth in the annual Eualaria occurred throughout its life span. Tissue growth and primary production varied among species; all produced appreciable quantities of fixed carbon annually. Estimated production for understory kelps off Seldovia Point varied from 73 g C m−2 yr−1 for Agarum to 87 g C m−2 yr−1 for Hedophyllum. Estimated production for canopy-forming kelps was an order of magnitude higher. Value of these decades-old baseline data cannot be over-emphasized in view of growing awareness of effects of climate change on kelps.
A modified adhesion evaluation method between asphalt and aggregate based on a pull off test and image processing
Authors: Kejun Ding , Xiangqian Xu , Hui Zhang , Rui Chen , Songqiang Chen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The adhesion between asphalts and aggregates is an important parameter affecting moisture damage in asphalt mixtures, and a pull-off test is usually used to evaluate the adhesion performance between asphalts and aggregates due to the ease of operation. To analyze the influence of aggregate lithology on asphalt adhesion performance, two types of asphalts and four types of aggregates were tested via pull-off tests. The pull-off force data showed that the variance in the results gradually decreased as the test temperature increased. Then, an image processing software package, cover-area, was developed based on MATLAB to calculate the asphalt coverage area of the pull-stub, and the accuracy of its calculation results was verified. Finally, the modified pull-off strength was obtained by dividing the pull-off force by the asphalt coverage area to analyze the influence of aggregate lithology on asphalt adhesion. The results show that the modified pull-off strength of basalt and diabase is the highest, followed by that of limestone, and that of tuff is the worst, which is consistent with the actual application situation. The proposed method could be used to evaluate the adhesion performance between asphalt and aggregates well.
Architectural practice process and artificial intelligence – an evolving practice
Authors: El Moussaoui Mustapha 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In an era of exponential technological advancement, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in architecture, reshaping traditional design and construction practices. This article explores the multifaceted roles of AI in the architectural process, emphasizing its potential to enhance creativity and efficiency while addressing its limitations in capturing multisensory and experiential dimensions of space. Historically, architectural innovation has paralleled technological progress, from basic tools to advanced computer-aided design systems. However, the integration of AI presents unique challenges, requiring architects to critically evaluate its role in design. A narrative review methodology was adopted, focusing on academic sources selected for their relevance, recency, and credibility. The findings reveal that AI is increasingly integrated across various stages of the architectural process, from early conceptualization and site analysis to generative design and construction detailing. AI tools excel at automating repetitive tasks and generating innovative design solutions, freeing architects to focus on creativity and problem-solving. Additionally, AI’s (text-to-image) visual representation strength challenges the ocular-centric approaches in architecture, which should push future architects to address the holistic sensory and experiential qualities of space or the critical thinking inherent to architectural design. While AI offers transformative potential, architects must view it as a collaborative partner rather than a passive tool. Integrating AI into design paradigms that prioritize sensory richness, critical thought, and sustainability is essential for creating spaces that resonate on a deeper, more human level. By adopting a balanced relationship between human creativity and AI’s computational power, the architectural profession can benefit from this technological opportunity without compromising its core values.
When possessor and argument indexes coincide. A cross-linguistic survey
Authors: Barotto Alessandra , Sansò Andrea 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Cross-linguistically, it is not uncommon to find the same person indexes in noun and verb phrases, referring, respectively, to the possessor of the noun and to various (combinations of) arguments (A, S and P). This phenomenon has never been the object of a dedicated typological survey. This article seeks to address this gap by investigating cases in which possessor and argument indexes coincide in a variety sample of 225 languages. The parameters of analysis include the (combinations of) arguments indexed, the type of coincidence (total, covering all persons in a given index set, or partial, limited to some persons), the segmental similarity between coinciding argument/possessor indexes and independent pronouns, the restriction of coinciding indexes to specific TAM and/or voice constructions, and the type of possessor indexes involved (alienable vs. inalienable). The typological survey is further complemented by a discussion of diachronic scenarios that may explain these patterns of coincidence, including (but not limited to) parallel developments from independent pronouns and the reinterpretation of nominalized forms of the verb (where possessor indexes correspond to an argument of the full verb) as predicative forms.
When every finitely generated regular ideal is principal
Authors: Chhiti Mohamed , Mahdou Salah Eddine 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a ring in which every finitely generated regular ideal is principal, and we call it a regular Bézout ring. We investigate the stability of this property under localization and homomorphic image, and its transfer to various contexts of constructions such as trivial ring extensions, pullbacks and amalgamated duplication of a ring along an ideal. Our results generate examples which enrich the current literature with new and original families of rings that satisfy this property.
Action of higher derivations on prime rings with involution
Authors: Ali Shakir , Alali Amal S. , Varshney Vaishali , Rafiquee Naira Noor 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we monitor the behavior of a prime ring with involution of second kind. Such rings are studied through the prism of higher derivations satisfying certain differential identities. Precisely, we prove that for a higher derivation

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for a single positive integer n, then the structure exhibits certain interesting properties. Some similar looking results are also presented.
Optimization of stress-relief heat treatment for overlay weld repair of severely used rail tracks: effects on residual stress, microstructure and wear resistance
Authors: Sirivedin Kumpanat , Tuiprae Man , Intawong Narin , Paiyarad Charadpong , Rojhirunsakool Tanaporn 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the optimization of stress-relief heat treatment for overlay weld repair of severely used rail tracks. The research focuses on 900A rail steel samples that have been in service for over 20 years, exhibiting significant wear and plastic deformation. Pre-welding heat treatments at 300 °C, 400 °C, and 500 °C were applied to reduce service-induced residual stresses before flux core arc welding (FCAW) repair using high-Mn filler material. The effects of these treatments on residual stress distribution, microstructure, hardness, and wear resistance were systematically analyzed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray residual stress analysis, microhardness testing, and pin-on-disc wear tests were employed to characterize the samples. Results indicate that stress relief at 300 °C and 400 °C effectively reduces residual stress while maintaining or enhancing hardness and wear resistance. However, treatment at 500 °C led to over-tempering, resulting in decreased hardness and increased wear rates. The 400 °C treatment emerged as the optimal temperature, providing a balanced combination of reduced residual stress, favorable microstructure, and improved mechanical properties across all welded zones.