bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Co-delivery of vancomycin, ampicillin nano-antibiotics by solid lipid nanoparticles on wound infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus: in vitro and in vivo study
Authors: Taheri Mohammad , Arabestani Mohammad Reza , Asl Sara Soleimani , Kalhori Fereshteh , Asgari Masoumeh , Hosseini Seyed Mostafa 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to prepare solid lipid nanoparticles loaded with vancomycin and ampicillin (Van-Amp-SLN) and compare their activity with free drug in reducing the number of Staphylococcus aureus and wound healing.
Methods Van-Amp-SLN were prepared by double emulsion solvent evaporation techniques. Bactericidal effect and characterization were examined. Well diffusion and MIC were used to define different nanodrug-bacterium interactions and their bactericidal effect. Then, in vivo, the topical antibacterial activity of each formulation against infection of Staphylococcus aureus strains in the wound was measured in a mouse model. Wound healing was evaluated over time and pathological studies.
Results Encapsulation and drug loading were 15.7±1.5%, and 95.15±2.6%, respectively in optimum formulations. The Van-Amp-SLN showed a significant decrease in the number of bacteria (P <0.05). Also more effectively suppress bacterial infection in vitro and in vivo than equivalent doses of free drug. The results of pathological examinations and wound healing process showed that Van-Amp-SLN heals wounds faster.
Conclusion The findings show that Van-Amp-SLN can be used as an excellent topical antimicrobial formulation for the treatment of bacterial skin infections.
Use of an Ammonium Quaternary Salt Obtained from Avocado as Corrosion Inhibitor of a Duplex Stainless Steel in CO 2 –Saturated NaCl Solution
Authors: Brito-Franco A. , Vazquez-Velez E. , Rios J. P. Florez-De los , Landeros-Martínez L. L. , Gonzalez-Rodriguez J. G. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A cationic, Ammonium quaternary surfactant, obtained from avocado essential oil has been used as a corrosion inhibitor for LDX 2101 duplex stainless steel in a CO2-saturated 3.5% NaCl solution. Used techniques involved potentiodynamic polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Results have shown that ammonium quaternary salt was an efficient mixed type of inhibitor although it affected more strongly the cathodic electrochemical reactions, with a decrease in the corrosion and current density and an increase in the pitting potential values; inhibitor had an efficiency that increased with its concentration from 0 to 25 ppm, but it decreased for higher concentrations. Inhibitor was adsorbed onto the steel surface on a mixed chemical-physical way dominated by a chemical type of adsorption, following a Langmuir type of adsorption isotherm. Corrosion process was charge transfer controlled and it was unaffected by the addition of the inhibitor. Theoretical studies in order to determine the relationship between electronic inhibitor properties and its inhibition efficiency have been carried out by using the DFT methodology.
A novel binding site on the cryptic intervening domain is a motif-dependent regulator of O-GlcNAc transferase
Authors: Blankenship Connor , Xie Jinshan , Benz Caroline , Wang Ao , Ivarsson Ylva , Jiang Jiaoyang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The modification of intracellular proteins with O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) moieties is a highly dynamic process that spatiotemporally regulates nearly every important cellular program. Despite its significance, little is known about the substrate recognition and regulation modes of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), the primary enzyme responsible for O-GlcNAc addition. In this study, we have identified the intervening domain (Int-D), a poorly understood protein fold found only in metazoan OGTs, as a specific regulator of OGT protein-protein interactions and substrate modification. Utilizing an innovative proteomic peptide phage display (ProP-PD) coupled with structural, biochemical, and cellular characterizations, we discovered a novel peptide motif, employed by the Int-D to facilitate specific O-GlcNAcylation. We further show that disruption of Int-D binding dysregulates important cellular programs including nutrient stress response and glucose metabolism. These findings illustrate a novel mode of OGT substrate recognition and offer the first insights into the biological roles of this unique domain.
Molecular Detection of Urinary Microbiome in Prostate Cancer Patients
Authors: Mestri Shadab , Hegde Sathisha , Toragall Makhadumsab M , A. Mujeeb M. , Pur . Sridevi I. , Ghagane Shridhar C. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background: Since the prostate is located in an area that is susceptible to infectious agents in urine, it is rational to hypothesize that infectious agent that causes inflammation may be important in causing prostate cancer. To date, there is no single microorganism that is recognized to aid prostate cancer aetiology, yet various species of bacteria are doubted or known to induce prostatitis, symptomatic bacterial prostatitis-related microbes and pro-inflammatory bacterium.
Setting and Design: The left-over urine samples were collected from patients diagnosed with carcinoma of the prostate attending the Urologic Clinic with a prior consent form after a histopathological diagnosis was performed.
Materials and Methods: The urine samples were streaked over petri plates (MacConkey & Blood agar), Antibiotic susceptibility was conducted using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method following DNA extraction, PCR and 16s rRNA sequencing of the resistant isolates.
Statistical Analysis: IBM SPSS version 20.0 was used for mean and standard error calculations along with percentages.
Results: Urine samples showed the presence of polymicrobial isolates (85%) with Escherichia coli being the predominant organism (31.00%). Among 48 isolates, 23 were found resistant to antibiotic treatment. The sequencing analysis revealed that Escherichia coli (7), Klebsiella pneumoniae (7) were predominant followed by Enterococcus faecalis (5), Proteus vulgaris (2) and Staphylococcus aureus (1), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1).
Conclusions: The urine analysis revealed polymicrobial isolates indicating the presence of high microbial flora in men diagnosed with prostate cancer, indicating the prevalence of uropathogens and pro-inflammatory bacteria in the urinary tract of prostate cancer patients.
Resonant Thermal Transport Driven by Surface Phonon-Polaritons in a Cylindrical Cavity
Authors: Ordonez-Miranda Jose , Coral Maelie , Nomura Masahiro , Volz Sebastian 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The axial thermal conductance of a cylindrical cavity supporting the propagation of hybridized guided modes along its interface with SiO2 is quantified and analyzed as a function of its radius and mean temperature. In contrast to the well-known radial thermal conductance, we show that the axial one increases with the cavity radius up to 1 cm, in which it takes its maximum that increases with temperature. A maximum thermal conductance of 289.4 nW/K-1 is found at 500K, which is more than 3 orders of magnitude higher than the corresponding one found in the far-field regime. This top polariton thermal conductance along the cavity is comparable to the radiative one predicted by Planck’s theory and thus represents a fundamental heat transport channel driven by hybridized guided modes able to amplify heat currents along a macroscale cylindrical cavity.
The Effect of Platelets to Lymphocyte Ratio on Overall Survival in Gastrointestinal Cancer Patients Undergoing Surgery
Authors: Zheng Xin , Shi Jin-Yu , Ruan Guo-Tian , Ge Yi-Zhong , Lin Shi-Qi , Liu Chen-An , Chen Yue , Xie Hai-Lun , Song Meng-Meng , Zhang Qi , Liu Tong , Yang Ming , Liu Xiao-Yue , Deng Li , Shi Han-Ping 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
cancer, and inflammatory indicators derived from complete blood cells are more economical and efficient. Patients with gastrointestinal cancer undergoing surgery are prone to metabolic disorders and malnutrition owing to gastrointestinal anatomical changes. Therefore, we aimed to select the best prognostic inflammatory index and explore the relationship between systemic inflammation and the prognosis of patients with gastrointestinal cancer undergoing surgery.
Methods: This prospective multicenter cohort study included 1165 participants from 4040clinical medical centers. The median age of participants was 61.0 (52.0, 68.0) years, and 775 were men. Five inflammation indices were used, and their cutoff values were calculated using maximally selected log-rank statistics. The concordance index (c-index) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to compare the accuracies of the different models. Cox regression analysis was used to examine the association between the platelet–lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and the overall survival (OS) of patients. Subgroup analysis was then conducted to examine the OS in different populations, and interaction analysis was performed. We also investigated the relationship between PLR and intensive care unit (ICU) admission.
Results: The c-index and prognostic ROC curve showed that PLR was superior to the neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio, prognostic nutritional index, advanced lung cancer inflammation index, and systemic immune-inflammatory index. After adjustment for potential confounders, a high PLR (hazards ratio 1.61, 95% confidence interval=1.24–2.09, p<0.001) was associated with an increased OS. Shorter OS was observed with a high inflammatory status in most subgroups, but enteral nutrition showed an interaction with systemic inflammation (p=0.050). Additionally, individuals with high levels of inflammation are more likely to be admitted to the ICU.
Conclusion: PLR may be a better prognostic indicator for gastrointestinal cancer patients undergoing surgery. Patients with a high PLR had a worse prognosis.
Mean HbA 1c , HbA 1c Variability, and All-cause and Cardiovascular Disease related Mortality in Older Men with Type 2 Diabetes, a Retrospective cohort study: A Focus on Early Glycemic Control
Authors: Hu Fan , Miao Xinyu , Lv Xiaoyang , Ren Longbing , Yang Fan , Liu Qianqian , Lu Yanhui , Gong Yanping , Yan Shuangtong , Tian Hui , Yao Yao , Li Chunlin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Whether glycemic control and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) variability predict mortality in older late onset type 2 diabetes patients is understudied. We aim to study the association between the glycemic control and HbA1c variability and mortality in those population.
Methods
Retrospective cohort study of 519 older males with late onset type 2 diabetes and receiving early and continuous glycemic management was included with a follow-up of up to 11 years (2008–2019). We examined the association between mean HbA1c, HbA1c variability over time, and all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) related mortality, adjusting for a range of covariates including demographics, lifestyles, and comorbidities.
Results
The mean age of the study participants was 75.1 ± 9.8 years at baseline. The median following up duration was 6.4 ± 4.2 years. Both the mean HbA1c measured at baseline and across the follow-up period were associated with the risk of all-cause mortality. The HbA1c variability was an independent and significant predictor of all-cause mortality (HR: 1.27 [1.16–1.39]) in fully adjusted model. In contrast, the association of HbA1c variability and CVD related mortality was not marked. We found that patients with more intensive glycemic control with a HbA1c target of 7.0% (53mmol/mol) outlive those with target of 7.5% (53mmol/mol) (HR: 0.94 [0.91–0.97]).
Conclusions
Early glycemic control with a HbA1c target of 7.0% (53mmol/mol) and management on HbA1c variability might be beneficial for better outcomes among older men with late onset type 2 diabetes.
Biomechanical Characterization of Tissue Types in Murine Dissecting Aneurysms based on Histology and 4DUltrasound-Derived Strain
Authors: Hegner Achim , Cebull Hannah L. , Gamez Antonio J. , Blase Christopher , Goergen Craig J. , Wittek Andreas 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm disease is the local enlargement of the aorta, typically in the infrarenal section, causing up to 200,000 deaths/year. In vivo information to characterize the individual elastic properties of the aneurysm wall in terms of rupture risk is lacking. We used a method that combines 4D ultrasound and direct deformation estimation to compute in vivo 3D Green-Lagrange strain in murine angiotensin II-induced dissecting aortic aneurysms, a commonly used mouse model. After euthanasia, histological staining of cross-sectional sections along the aorta was performed in areas where in vivo strains had previously been measured. The histological sections were segmented into intact and fragmented elastin, thrombus with and without red blood cells, and outer vessel wall including the adventitia. Meshes were then created from the individual contours based on the histological segmentations. The isolated contours of the outer wall and lumen from both imaging modalities were registered individually using a coherent point drift algorithm. 2D finite element models were generated from the meshes, and the displacements from the registration were used as displacement boundaries of the lumen and wall contours. Based on the resulting deformed contours, the strains recorded were grouped according to segmented tissue regions. Strains were highest in areas containing intact elastin without thrombus attachment. Strains in areas with intact elastin and thrombus attachment, as well as areas with disrupted elastin, were significantly lower. Strains in thrombus regions with red blood cells were significantly higher compared to thrombus regions without. We then compared this analysis to statistical distribution indices and found that the results of each aligned, elucidating the relationship between vessel strain and structural changes. This work demonstrates the possibility of advancing in vivo assessments to a micro-structural level ultimately improving patient outcomes.
Probability analysis of rock slope with nonlinear plane failure
Authors: Hu Chao , Lei Ruide , Su Xiaopeng , Qi Xing 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

The reliability of a rock slope is a main focus in the slope design to avoid landslide that is a significant threat to lives, architecture, and roads. Traditionally, the nonlinear shear strength of the majority of geotechnical materials has been neglected in favor of using the linear Mohr-Coulomb strength criterion to assess the reliability of a rock slope. The paper proposes an improved probability method to estimate the reliability of rock slopes. A novel analytical method to determine the safety factor of slopes with plane failure is derived based on the nonlinear strength criterion. Furthermore, an analytical method based on two-dimensional random field theory is proposed to determine the local mean value of a random variable on the failure surface, which can consider the spatial variability of shear strength, avoiding the random field simulation. The mean-value first-order second-moment method is adopted in combination with the proposed analytical methods to quantify the failure probability of rock slopes. To quickly search the minimum reliability index βmin, a dichotomy search method is proposed. The validity of the proposed method is demonstrated in two cases.
Reduction of apparent temporal variations of tidal parameters by proper local response model
Authors: Ciesielski Adam , Forbriger Thomas , Zuern Walter , Rietbrock Andreas 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

We describe a new harmonic tidal analysis method, which constrains the solution to be near a reference model. This regularization stabilizes the linear regression, allowing us to infer model parameters for each tidal harmonic. This overcomes the need to create a priori groupings of harmonics. The inversion is done iteratively by adjusting the reference model to reduce the data misfit. The frequency dependence of the solution is thus data-driven. We find models for the different spherical degrees independently. Our procedure allows narrow-band variations of the tidal admittance. We test the hypothesis that some of the temporal variations of tidal parameters found in previous studies were caused by inappropriate body tide models in combination with a priori wave grouping. We determine a local response model from 11.5 years of data recorded by the superconducting gravimeter SG056 at Black Forest Observatory (BFO, Schiltach). Using this as an a priori model in a nonregularized moving window analysis of wave groups composed from summed harmonics, we find that periodic variations of groups M1, K1, µ2, N2, L2, and S2 are reduced by up to a factor of 7 compared to earlier studies. Some variations previously seen in the M2 group are captured as well.
Moringa oleifera: a sustainable method to treat fluoride-contaminated water
Authors: Chowdareddy Shyla , Rajesh Chethan , Rajashekara Rakshitha , Nagaraju Pallavi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Excessive fluoride (F) is introduced into the water either by natural phenomenon or by industrial effluents. However, F in adequate amounts is necessary for sustaining good dental health. Contrarily, F concentrations in drinking water surpassing 1.5 mg/L may, nevertheless, be harmful to human health. F pollution in drinking water is a serious and challenging problem that affects people all over the world. Adsorption appears to be an effective, environmentally beneficial, and cost-effective approach to eliminating excessive F from drinking water in the present day. In this study, Moringa oleifera seed powder was employed as a natural adsorbent for defluoridation. The maximum removal efficiency was achieved for water with pH of 7.0, 1 mg/L of initial F concentration, contact time of 120 min, and adsorbent dose of 200 mg/L. SEM and FTIR were used to determine the structure, morphology, and other chemical composition features of the prepared M. oleifera seed powder. This work is anticipated to be readily implemented in real-time F elimination.
Removal effect of trihalomethanes (THMs) and halogenated acetic acids (HAAs) precursors in reclaimed water by polyaluminum chloride (PACl) coagulation
Authors: Wang Juncheng , Yue Wen , Wang Zhenghao , Bai Yu , Song Jina 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This study analyzed the removal effect of various doses of polyaluminum chloride (PACI) on wastewater treatment plants at pH 7. The sewage plant's secondary effluent organic matter (EfOM) separates into four components: hydrophobic base (HOB), hydrophilic (HI), hydrophobic acid (HOA), and hydrophobic neutral (HON). The removal effect for various forms of organic waste is optimum at 16 mg/L and that halogenated acetic acids (HAAs) and trihalomethanes (THMs) are formed simultaneously. After PACI treatment, hydrophobic organic compounds were converted to humic acid (HA), fulvic acid (FA), soluble microbial products (SMPs), and other HI organic compounds, increasing the amount of HAAs produced by HI fractions. Removal rate of hydrophobic organic compounds, particularly HON, is 92.8% when using PAC. Moreover, after EfOM coagulation, most HAAs are trichloroacetic acid (TCAA), followed by bromochloroacetic acid (BCAA) and bromodichloroacetic acid (BDCAA). Only HOB can produce monochloroacetic acid (MCAA), whereas HA and SMPs with HOA are primary components of dichloroacetic acid (DCAA). The toughest removable byproduct of THMs is CHBr3, and after condensation of each THM component, only HOA and HON produce CHBr3, while HI produces only a minimal quantity of CHBrCl2 and CHCl3.This finding is critical for understanding how disinfection byproducts are produced after chlorinating EfOM.
Recent Advances in the Chemical Synthesis of β-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide
Authors: Ming Wei , Hu Sha , Liu Ye , Li Qu-Ao-Wei , Zhu Yuan-Yuan , Gu Shuang-Xi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract::
β-Nicotinamide mononucleotide (β-NMN), a key precursor in the biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) in mammals, has significant effects in replenishing NAD+ levels in the body, so it has obvious ameliorative effects on metabolic and age-related degenerative diseases. β-NMN is widely used in healthcare products, food, and cosmetics. It has considerable commercial worth and promising medical application prospects. Hence, the development of methods for preparing β-NMN is of great research significance. This review summarized and analyzed recent developments in the chemical synthesis of β-NMN from various starting materials, which could provide helpful references for the investigation of new synthetic techniques for β-NMN and encourage its further development and large-scale application.
Structural Insight into Privileged Heterocycles as Anti-Trypanosoma cruzi and brucei Agents
Authors: Razzaghi-Asl Nima , Abbasi Shiran Jafar , Ghanbari Mina , Mohammadnejadi Elaheh 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT:
Trypanosomiasis is caused by parasitic protozoan trypanosomes in vertebrates. T. cruzi and T. brucei are causative agents of Chagas disease (CD) and Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT), respectively. These life-threatening diseases are a serious threat to public health, with con-siderable incidence in sub-Saharan African and continental Latin America countries. Although WHO validated mitigated number of HAT cases in Togo (June 2020) and Cote d’Ivoire (December 2020), serious efforts need to be performed for the elimination of the disease. Antigenic variation of trypanosomal parasites provides a major bottleneck for developing effective vaccines. In the ab-sence of human vaccines or chemoprophylaxis, the control of trypanosomatid infections may be en-visaged through the eradication of vectors, management of animal reservoirs, and chemotherapy. A small number of chemical agents are currently available for antitrypanosomal treatments, and most of them are associated with toxicity, lack of efficacy, and non-oral route of administration. Given the restricted applicability of current medications, numerous efforts have been made for the synthe-sis and biological evaluation of heterocyclic scaffolds as antitrypanosomal candidates. In light of the above considerations, we were prompted to describe chemical diversity within privileged 5-membered heterocycles (imidazoles, thiazoles, triazoles and tetrazoles) as antitrypanosomal agents. The main purpose of the study was to throw light on the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of the relevant structures. To capture the recent structural diversity within reported cases, small molecules that belonged to the recent 7-year period (2015-2021) have been discussed. The available medica-tions have also been briefly reviewed.