bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dupilumab sustains efficacy in patients with moderate‐to‐severe type 2 asthma regardless of inhaled corticosteroids dose
Authors: Pavord Ian D. , Bourdin Arnaud , Papi Alberto , Domingo Christian , Corren Jonathan , Altincatal Arman , Radwan Amr , Pandit‐Abid Nami , Jacob‐Nara Juby A. , Deniz Yamo , Rowe Paul J. , Laws Elizabeth , Lederer David J. , Hardin Megan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundDupilumab, a human monoclonal antibody, blocks the shared receptor component for interleukins‐4/13, key and central drivers of type 2 inflammation. The TRAVERSE (NCT02134028) open‐label extension study demonstrated the long‐term safety and efficacy of dupilumab in patients ≥12 years who completed a previous dupilumab asthma study. The safety profile was consistent with that observed in the parent studies. Here, we assess whether dupilumab sustains long‐term efficacy in patients regardless of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) dose at parent study baseline (PSBL).MethodsPatients from phase 2b (NCT01854047) or phase 3 (QUEST; NCT02414854) studies receiving high‐ or medium‐dose ICS at PSBL and enrolled in TRAVERSE were included. We analyzed unadjusted annualized severe exacerbation rates, change from PSBL in pre‐bronchodilator (BD) forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), 5‐item asthma control questionnaire, and type 2 biomarkers in patients with type 2 asthma at baseline (blood eosinophils ≥150 cells/μL or fractional exhaled nitric oxide [FeNO] ≥25 ppb), and subgroups defined by baseline blood eosinophils or FeNO.ResultsOf patients with type 2 asthma (n = 1666), 891 (53.5%) were receiving high‐dose ICS at PSBL. In this subgroup, unadjusted exacerbation rates for dupilumab versus placebo were 0.517 versus 1.883 (phase 2b) and 0.571 versus 1.300 (QUEST) over the parent study (52 weeks) and remained low throughout TRAVERSE (0.313–0.494). Improvements in pre‐BD FEV1 were sustained throughout TRAVERSE. Similar clinical efficacy was observed among patients receiving medium‐dose ICS at PSBL and biomarker subgroups.ConclusionsDupilumab showed sustained efficacy for up to 3 years in patients with uncontrolled, moderate‐to‐severe type 2 asthma on high‐ or medium‐dose ICS.
Factors influencing uptake of the COVID‐19 vaccination among pregnant women in Australia: A cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Javid Nasrin , Phipps Hala , Homer Caroline , de Vries Bradley , Kaufman Jessica , Danchin Margie , Hyett Jonathan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundMounting evidence shows the risk of COVID‐19 on perinatal outcomes, as well as the safety and efficacy of vaccination during pregnancy. However, little is known about vaccine uptake among pregnant women in Australia, including women who are culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD), and about sources of information pregnant women use when making decisions about vaccines. We aimed to determine the proportion of pregnant women who had been vaccinated and to identify factors associated with vaccine uptake or decline during pregnancy.MethodA cross‐sectional, anonymous, online survey was conducted from October 2021 to January 2022 in two metropolitan hospitals in New South Wales, Australia.ResultsOf 914 pregnant women, 406 (44%) did not speak English at home. Overall, 101 (11%) received a vaccine prepregnancy and 699 (76%) during pregnancy. In the nonvaccinated cohort, 87 (76%) declined vaccination during pregnancy. The uptake was more than 87% among women during pregnancy who received information from government or health professional websites but 37% when received from personal blogs. The main reasons for vaccine uptake were (1) hearing that COVID‐19 affects pregnant women, (2) being concerned about the COVID‐19 outbreak, and (3) receiving vaccine recommendation from a general practitioner. In a multivariable logistic regression, three main factors associated with declining or feeling unsure about vaccination were (1) concerns about the safety of the COVID‐19 vaccine, (2) lack of trust and being unsatisfied with the information received about COVID‐19 vaccination during pregnancy, and (3) doubting the importance of COVID‐19 vaccine.ConclusionClinicians play a critical role in counseling women to alleviate vaccine fear, support vaccine acceptance, and direct women to use reliable information sources, such as government and professional healthcare organizations, for information about vaccines.
English translation and cross‐cultural validation of the patient‐reported outcome measurement‐haemorrhoidal impact and satisfaction score (PROM‐HISS)
Authors: Kuiper Sara Zwier , Kimman Merel L. , Cooper Rowena , O'Neill Hannah , Watson Angus J. M. , Melenhorst Jarno , Breukink Stephanie O. , Dirksen Carmen D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to translate the Dutch patient‐reported outcome measure‐haemorrhoidal impact and satisfaction score (PROM‐HISS) to English and perform a cross‐cultural validation.MethodThe ISPOR good practice guidelines for the cross‐cultural validation of PROMs were followed and included two steps: (1) Two forward and two backward translations. The forward translation concerned the translation from the source language (Dutch) to the target language (English), performed by two independent English speakers, one medical doctor and one nonmedical. Subsequently, a discussion about discrepancies in the reconciled version was performed by a stakeholder group. (2) Cognitive interviews were held with patients with haemorrhoidal disease (HD), probing the comprehensibility and comprehensiveness of the PROM‐HISS.ResultsDiscrepancies in the reconciled forward translation concerned the terminology of HD symptoms. Furthermore, special attention was paid to the response options, ranging from “not at all”, indicating minor symptoms, to “a lot”, implying many symptoms. Consensus among the stakeholder group about the final version of the translated PROM‐HISS was reached. Interviews were conducted with 10 native English‐speaking HD patients (30% female), with a mean age of 44 years (24–83) and primarily diagnosed with grade II HD (80%). The mean time to complete the PROM‐HISS was 1 min 43 s. Patients showed a good understanding of the questions and response options, found all items relevant and did not miss important symptoms or topics.ConclusionThe translated English language PROM‐HISS is a valid tool to assess symptoms of HD, its impact on daily activities and patient satisfaction with HD treatment.
Risk and restraint—The key to understanding the decreasing use of alcohol for young people in high income countries?
Authors: Pennay Amy , Caluzzi Gabriel , Livingston Michael , MacLean Sarah 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionIn this article we seek to understand the changing social position of alcohol use for young people in Australia by identifying how alcohol has become framed as posing a significant risk to their bodies and futures.MethodsForty interviews were conducted with young people aged 18–21 years from Melbourne, Australia, who had previously identified as light drinkers or abstainers. Drawing on insights from contemporary sociologies of risk, we explored how risk was discussed as a governing concept that shaped young people's views of alcohol, and how it encouraged or necessitated risk‐avoidance in daily life.ResultsParticipants drew on a range of risk discourses in framing their abstention or moderate drinking along the lines of health, wellness, wisdom and productivity. They reiterated social constructions of heavy or regular alcohol use as irresponsible, threatening and potentially addictive. The focus on personal responsibility was striking in most accounts. Participants seemed to have routinised ways of practicing risk avoidance and coordinated drinking practices with other practices in their everyday life, with alcohol therefore ‘competing for time’.Discussion and ConclusionsOur findings endorse the idea that discourses of risk and individual responsibility shape the contemporary socio‐cultural value of alcohol for young people. Risk avoidance has become routine and is manifested through the practice of restraint and control. This appears particular to high‐income countries like Australia, where concerns about young people's futures and economic security are increasing, and where neoliberal politics are the foundations of governmental ideology.
Factor analysis of the Gait Outcomes Assessment List's goal questions: A new method to measure goal prioritization in ambulatory individuals with cerebral palsy
Authors: Munger Meghan E. , Shippee Nathan D. , Beebe Timothy J. , Novacheck Tom F. , Virnig Beth A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimTo evaluate the factor structure of the 49 goal prioritization questions of the Gait Outcome Assessment List (GOAL).MethodThis was a retrospective review of 622 consecutive individuals diagnosed with cerebral palsy (median = 11 years 2 months, SD = 6 years 0 months, 370 male), who underwent a routine clinical gait analysis at a specialty center and completed the validated GOAL. To assess dimensionality, we performed exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses on the goal ratings of its 49 gait‐related items. For internal consistency, we calculated Cronbach's alpha. We created standardized goal scores for each factor and determined floor and ceiling effects according to the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS).ResultsFactor analyses suggested that the GOAL's 49 goal prioritization items represented eight factors, one more than the original GOAL validation because pain and fatigue were separated into distinct factors. Cronbach alphas were acceptably high (≥0.80) across factors except for use of braces and mobility aids (α = 0.68). Goal importance varied across domains and GMFCS levels.InterpretationThe GOAL can be expanded as a tool to better understand goal priorities in ambulatory individuals with cerebral palsy. These scores can be used to guide clinical conversations and provide more focus than previously available when faced with 49 individual goals. Scores can also be aggregated across relevant populations for larger‐scale studies.What this paper adds

The goal items of the Gait Outcomes Assessment List (GOAL) can be reduced into eight goal domains.
Pain and fatigue represent distinct goal domains.
The level of goal importance varies across GOAL domains and Gross Motor Function Classification System levels.
Can colonial institutions explain differences in labour returns? Evidence from rural colonial India
Authors: Caum‐Julio Jordi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper studies the relationship between land revenue systems and returns to agricultural labour in colonial India. I provide the first district‐level comparative estimates of agricultural labour returns relative to average income, on the basis of wage/income ratios for 1916. I then use those estimates to analyse the impact of the land revenue systems established by the British colonial authorities. Results show that districts with a larger proportion of non‐landlord land revenue systems presented higher relative wages, closer to the average income. This effect was mainly driven by differences in land concentration connected to the type of landownership introduced by land revenue systems.
First records of cottony hydrangea scale Pulvinaria hydrangeae Steinweden, 1946 (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) in Ukraine
Authors: Demchynska Myroslava , Mirutenko Vladyslav , Lovas Pavlo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPulvinaria hydrangeae (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) is an invasive species in Europe and was recorded for the first time in Ukraine in 2021. The species was observed in large numbers on Cerasus serrulata (Lindley) in the urban green area of Uzhhorod city in Zakarpattia Region. This species is a polyphagous soft scale and a pest of urban and forest trees and woody plants.
Secularize, psychologize, neoliberalize: The entangled Jewish self of North American Jews
Authors: Werczberger Rachel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article unpacks the construction of the Jewish spiritual self in three current projects of Jewish spirituality in North America—Jewish mindfulness, the neo‐Musar movement, and the nascent Positive Judaism—and explores their relations with the neoliberal economic regime and ideology. Based on the content analysis of 30 popular online and offline texts, among them promotional websites, podcasts, and published works, and data gathered during long‐term ethnographic study on Jewish spirituality in Israel and North America, the article argues that the highly individualized Jewish spirituality has become an institutionally mediated form of Jewish self‐expression. By building on anthropological works about the cultural implications of neoliberalism on the self and following the lead of the foundational works linking Jewish cultural production and neoliberalism in North America, this article offers a perspective on Jewish spirituality that recognizes the relations between neoliberalism, self‐cultivation, and community life. Fusing the spiritual, therapeutic, and neoliberal discourses, projects of Jewish spirituality package neoliberal ideals such as choice, emotional, resilience, well‐being, and happiness as Jewish spiritual commodities. At the same time, the subjectivity cultivated in these projects is a Jewish‐specific formation—a self that is highly individualized but remains strongly connected to its religious‐ethnic community and cultural tradition. Jewish spirituality is thus used here as a case study for how neoliberalism affects contemporary forms of religious practice and creates new ethical orientations to communal belongings.
Effects of TP63 mutations on keratinocyte adhesion and migration
Authors: Salois Maddison N. , Gugger Jessica A. , Webb Saiphone , Sheldon Christina E. , Parraga Shirley P. , Lewitt G. Michael , Grange Dorothy K. , Koch Peter J. , Koster Maranke I. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe goal of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms responsible for the formation of skin erosions in patients affected by Ankyloblepharon‐ectodermal defects‐cleft lip/palate syndrome (AEC). This ectodermal dysplasia is caused by mutations in the TP63 gene, which encodes several transcription factors that control epidermal development and homeostasis. We generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) from AEC patients and corrected the TP63 mutations using genome editing tools. Three pairs of the resulting conisogenic iPSC lines were differentiated into keratinocytes (iPSC‐K). We identified a significant downregulation of key components of hemidesmosomes and focal adhesions in AEC iPSC‐K compared to their gene‐corrected counterparts. Further, we demonstrated reduced AEC iPSC‐K migration, suggesting the possibility that a process critical for cutaneous wound healing might be impaired in AEC patients. Next, we generated chimeric mice expressing a TP63‐AEC transgene and confirmed a downregulation of these genes in transgene‐expressing cells in vivo. Finally, we also observed these abnormalities in AEC patient skin. Our findings suggest that integrin defects in AEC patients might weaken the adhesion of keratinocytes to the basement membrane. We propose that reduced expression of extracellular matrix adhesion receptors, potentially in conjunction with previously identified desmosomal protein defects, contribute to skin erosions in AEC.
Late Cretaceous tectono‐magmatism of southeast China: Evidence from Qushandao Granite in the eastern Zhejiang province
Authors: Chu Pingli , Bao Lang , Duan Zheng , Yu Minggang , Zhu Yanhui 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Qushandao Granite, mainly composed of alkali‐feldspar granite, is situated in the eastern Zhejiang province of coastal southeast China. In this paper, we present whole‐rock geochemistry, zircon U–Pb geochronology, and Hf isotopes to constrain the age, magma sources, and geodynamic setting of the Qushandao Granite. LA‐ICP‐MS zircon U–Pb dating results revealed that the Qushandao Granite was emplaced in the Late Cretaceous (101–98 Ma). Geochemically, the Qushandao Granite exhibits relatively high silica and alkali contents, metaluminous to weakly peraluminous (A/CNK = 0.98–1.02), and low abundances of phosphorus, titanium, magnesium, and calcium. It is also characterized by enrichment in Rb, K, Th, and depletion in Nb, Ta, P, Ti, and Sr with moderately to weakly negative europium anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.71–0.87). Furthermore, the Qushandao Granite displays lower FeOT/MgO, 104 × Ga/Al, and Zr + Nb + Ce + Y values relative to typical A‐type granites. Therefore, we classify the Qushandao Granite as calc‐alkaline I‐type granite based on a synthesis of geological and geochemical characteristics. The Qushandao Granite shows variable zircon Hf isotopic compositions (εHf(t) = −7.6 to +2.3) and TDM2 model ages of 1.40–0.83 Ga with a mean value of 1.17 Ga. We argue that the Qushandao Granite was most likely generated by mixing of mantle‐derived mafic magma and crust‐derived felsic magma in the lower crust, and that it was formed during post‐collisional extension in the Late Cretaceous, related to the gradually increasing subduction angle of the Paleo‐Pacific plate.
Comparing the efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and ureteroscopic lithotripsy in the treatment of proximal ureteral stones in children: A retrospective study
Authors: Bağcı Uygar , Dinçkal Mustafa , Tekin Ali , Kızılay Fuat , Nazlı Oktay , Ulman İbrahim 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesUreteroscopic lithotripsy and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy methods are commonly used in the treatment of proximal ureteral stones. There are no adequate studies showing which method is more effective in children. In our study, we aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of two treatment methods, commonly used for proximal ureteral stones in children.MethodsA total of 78 patients who underwent ureteroscopic lithotripsy (n = 38) and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (n = 40) due to stones located in the proximal ureter between 2010 and 2021 were included in the study. Demographic data, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes were retrospectively analyzed. Kolmogorov–Smirnov, Chi‐square, and Mann–Whitney U tests were used for statistical analysis.ResultsThere was no statistical difference between the demographic characteristics of the groups, except for the mean age values (p = 0.008). A statistically significant difference was found in favor of the extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy group in terms of stone‐free rates after the first intervention, complication rates requiring intervention, re‐intervention rates, and the average number of anesthesia sessions per patient until stone‐free status (p = 0.043, p = 0.009, p = 0.017, and p < 0.001, respectively).ConclusionsThe results of this retrospective study suggest that extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is the primary treatment option for single, non‐complicated proximal ureteral stones.
Neural correlates of distorted body images in adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa: How is it different from major depressive disorder?
Authors: Karakuş Aydos Yağmur , Dövencioğlu Dicle , Karlı Oğuz Kader , Özdemir Pınar , Pehlivantürk Kızılkan Melis , Kanbur Nuray , Ünal Dilek , Nalbant Kevser , Çetin Çuhadaroğlu Füsun , Akdemir Devrim 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBody image disturbance is closely linked to eating disorders including anorexia nervosa (AN). Distorted body image perception, dissatisfaction and preoccupation with weight and shape are often key factors in the development and maintenance of these disorders. Although the pathophysiological mechanism of body image disorder is not yet fully understood, aberrant biological processes may interfere with perceptive, cognitive and emotional aspects of body image. This study focuses on the neurobiological aspects of body image disturbance. The sample consisted of 12 adolescent girls diagnosed with AN, nine girls with major depressive disorder (MDD) and 10 without psychiatric diagnoses (HC, the healthy control group). We applied a block‐design task in functional magnetic resonance imaging using participants' original and distorted overweight and underweight images. After imaging, the participants scored the images for resemblance, satisfaction and anxiety levels. The findings of this study demonstrate that overweight images elicited dissatisfaction and increased occipitotemporal activations across all participants. However, no difference was found between the groups. Furthermore, the MDD and HC groups showed increased activations in the prefrontal cortex and insula in response to underweight images compared to their original counterparts, whereas the AN group exhibited increased activations in the parietal cortex, cingulate gyrus and parahippocampal cortex in response to the same stimuli.
Assessment of the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenocortical axis function using a vasopressin stimulation test in neonatal foals
Authors: Elder Erin , Wong David , Johnson Katheryn , Robertson Hannah , Marner Meghan , Dembek Katarzyna 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundBacterial sepsis is the leading cause of death in foals and is associated with hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenocortical axis (HPAA) dysfunction. HPAA function can be evaluated by an arginine‐vasopressin (AVP) stimulation test.Hypotheses/ObjectivesAdministration of AVP will stimulate a dose‐dependent rise in systemic adrenocorticotropin‐releasing hormone (ACTH) and cortisol in neonatal foals. There will be no response seen in corticotropin‐releasing hormone (CRH) and baseline AVP will be within reference interval.AnimalsTwelve neonatal foals, <72 hours old.MethodsHPAA function was assessed in foals utilizing 3 doses of AVP (2.5, 5, and 7.5 IU), administered between 24 and 48 hours of age in this randomized cross‐over study. Cortisol, ACTH, CRH and AVP were measured at 0 (baseline), 15, 30, 60 and 90 minutes after AVP administration with immunoassays. The fold increase in cortisol and ACTH was calculated at 15 and 30 minutes compared to baseline.ResultsAll doses of AVP resulted in a significant increase in cortisol concentration over time, and a dose‐dependent increase in ACTH concentration over time. ACTH and cortisol were significantly increased at 15 and 30 minutes, respectively after all 3 doses of AVP compared to baseline (P < .01). There was no change in endogenous CRH after stimulation with AVP.Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceAdministration of AVP is safe and results in a significant rise in ACTH and cortisol in neonatal foals. A stimulation test with AVP (5 IU) can be considered for HPAA assessment in septic foals.