bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic diversity and genome-wide association study of 13 agronomic traits in 977 Beta vulgaris L. germplasms
Authors: Liu Dali , Tan Wenbo , Wang Hao , Li Wangsheng , Fu Jingjing , Li Jiajia , Zhou Yuanhang , Lin Ming , Xing Wang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is an economically essential sugar crop worldwide. Its agronomic traits are highly diverse and phenotypically plastic, influencing taproot yield and quality. The National Beet Medium-term Gene Bank in China maintains more than 1700 beet germplasms with diverse countries of origin. However, it lacks detailed genetic background associated with morphological variability and diversity.

Results
Here, a comprehensive genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 13 agronomic traits was conducted in a panel of 977 sugar beet accessions. Almost all phenotypic traits exhibited wide genetic diversity and high coefficient of variation (CV). A total of 170,750 high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were obtained using the genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS). Neighbour-joining phylogenetic analysis, principal component analysis, population structure and kinship showed no obvious relationships among these genotypes based on subgroups or regional sources. GWAS was carried out using a mixed linear model, and 159 significant associations were detected for these traits. Within the 25 kb linkage disequilibrium decay of the associated markers, NRT1/PTR FAMILY 6.3 (BVRB_5g097760); nudix hydrolase 15 (BVRB_8g182070) and TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1 (BVRB_8g181550); transcription factor MYB77 (BVRB_2g023500); and ethylene-responsive transcription factor ERF014 (BVRB_1g000090) were predicted to be strongly associated with the taproot traits of root groove depth (RGD); root shape (RS); crown size (CS); and flesh colour (FC), respectively. For the aboveground traits, UDP-glycosyltransferase 79B6 (BVRB_9g223780) and NAC domain-containing protein 7 (BVRB_5g097990); F-box protein At1g10780 (BVRB_6g140760); phosphate transporter PHO1 (BVRB_3g048660); F-box protein CPR1 (BVRB_8g181140); and transcription factor MYB77 (BVRB_2g023500) and alcohol acyltransferase 9 (BVRB_2g023460) might be associated with the hypocotyl colour (HC); plant type (PT); petiole length (PL); cotyledon size (C); and fascicled leaf type (FLT) of sugar beet, respectively. AP-2 complex subunit mu (BVRB_5g106130), trihelix transcription factor ASIL2 (BVRB_2g041790) and late embryogenesis abundant protein 18 (BVRB_5g106150) might be involved in pollen quantity (PQ) variation. The candidate genes extensively participated in hormone response, nitrogen and phosphorus transportation, secondary metabolism, fertilization and embryo maturation.

Conclusions
The genetic basis of agronomical traits is complicated in heterozygous diploid sugar beet. The putative valuable genes found in this study will help further elucidate the molecular mechanism of each phenotypic trait for beet breeding.
Exploring the correlation of metabolites changes and microbial succession in solid-state fermentation of Sichuan Sun-dried vinegar
Authors: Dong Ke , Li Weizhou , Xu Qiuhong , Hong Zehui , Zhang Shirong , Zhang Baochao , Wu Yating , Zuo Haojiang , Liu Jiazhen , Yan Ziwen , Pei Xiaofang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The traditional Sichuan Sun-dried vinegar (SSV) with unique flavor and taste is believed to be generated by the solid-state fermentation craft. However, how microorganisms and their metabolites change along with fermentation has not yet been explored.

Results
In this study, our results demonstrated that the middle and late stages of SSV fermentation were the periods showing the largest accumulation of organic acids and amino acids. Furthermore, in the bacterial community, the highest average relative abundance was Lactobacillus (ranging from 37.55 to 92.50%) in all fermentation stages, while Acetobacters ranked second position (ranging from 20.15 to 0.55%). The number of culturable lactic acid bacteria is also increased during fermentation process (ranging from 3.93 to 8.31 CFU/g). In fungal community, Alternaria (29.42%), Issatchenkia (37.56%) and Zygosaccharomyces (69.24%) were most abundant in different fermentation stages, respectively. Interestingly, Zygosaccharomyces, Schwanniomyces and Issatchenkia were first noticed as the dominant yeast genera in vinegar fermentation process. Additionally, spearman correlation coefficients exhibited that Lactobacillus, Zygosaccharomyces and Schwanniomyces were significant correlation with most metabolites during the fermentation, implying that these microorganisms might make a significant contribution to the flavor formation of SSV.

Conclusion
The unique flavor of SSV is mainly produced by the core microorganisms (Lactobacillus, Zygosaccharomyces and Schwanniomyces) during fermentation. This study will provide detailed information related to the structure of microorganism and correlation between changes in metabolites and microbial succession in SSV. And it will be very helpful for proposing a potential approach to monitor the traditional fermentation process.
Intensive care unit admissions with and without COVID-19 in Finland from 2017 to 2021: a retrospective register-based study
Authors: Jäntti Saara , Ponkilainen Ville , Kuitunen Ilari , Uimonen Mikko M. , Huttunen Tuomas , Mattila Ville M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
After the COVID-19 pandemic started, critical care resources were expanded in Finland to manage a possible surge in patients requiring intensive care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of overall ICU admissions, patient diagnoses, characteristics, and length of stay during the pandemic.

Methods
This retrospective hospital register-based study was conducted in two large and one mid-size Finnish public hospitals. The required data were collected from ICU patient information systems and all adult patients were included. Monthly and yearly incidences with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were counted per 100 000 persons-years by Poisson exact method and compared by incidence rate ratios (IRR).

Results
A total of 4407 admissions to ICUs for any cause occurred during 2020. In 2021, this figure was 4931. During the reference years (2017–2019), the mean number of admissions to ICU was 4781. In 2020 and 2021, the proportion of patients requiring intensive care due to COVID-19 was only 3%. The incidence of all-cause ICU admissions decreased during the lockdown in 2020 when compared to the reference years. Before the start of the lockdown in February 2020, the IRR of all-cause ICU admissions was 1.02 (CI: 0.89 to 1.18). During the lockdown period, however, the IRR of all-cause ICU admissions decreased to 0.78 (CI: 0.67 to 0.90) in March. When the lockdown ended, the incidence rebounded to the same level as before the lockdown. However, in 2021, the incidence of ICU admissions remained at the same level when compared to the reference years. The most prominent changes occurred in the incidence of diseases of the nervous system, which includes epilepsy and seizures and transient cerebral ischemic attacks, in diseases of the respiratory system, and neoplasms.

Conclusions
According to the findings of this study, the incidence of all-cause ICU admissions decreased after the lockdown was implemented in 2020. Furthermore, the percentage of patients requiring intensive care due to COVID-19 in Finland was only 3% in 2020 and 2021. These findings may serve to help in the planning and allocating of ICU resources during future pandemics.
Ilaprazole-amoxicillin dual therapy at high dose as a first-line treatment for helicobacter pylori infection in Hainan: a single-center, open-label, noninferiority, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhang Xiao-Dong , Zhang Da-Ya , Chen Run-Xiang , Chen Shi-Ju , Chen Chen , Zeng Fan , Huang Shi-Mei , Li Da , Bai Fei-Hu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy, adverse events, patient compliance, and cost of dual therapy with Ilaprazole-amoxicillin (IA) at high dose versus Ilaprazole-amoxicillin-furazolidone-bismuth (IAFB) quadruple therapy for the Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infection among Chinese patients.

Methods
200 patients who had tested positive for H. pylori and undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy after being diagnosed with chronic gastritis participated in this open-label randomized controlled clinical trial. Patients were randomized to Group A and Group B: the 14-day IA dual treatment group (101) and IAFB quadruple treatment group (99). The 13 C urea breath test was conducted to determine whether H. pylori had been eliminated 4–6 weeks after the treatment. Eradication rates, drug-related adverse events, patient compliance, and drug costs were compared between the two treatment groups.

Results
Eradication rates in group A were 92.1% and 94.9%, depending on the intention-to-treat (ITT), per-protocol (PP), respectively, which was similar to group B (91.9% and 93.6%). There was no significant difference observed in adverse events between the two groups (P = 0.518). Interestingly, compliance was significantly higher in group A compared to the group B (P = 0.031). In addition, drug costs were significantly lower for group A in comparison to the group B.

Conclusions
IA dual therapy was found to be equally effective, safer and less costly than IAFB quadruple therapy. Therefore, these therapies can be potentially considered as first-line regimens for empirical treatment.
Fatal leukodystrophy in Costello syndrome: a case report
Authors: Failoc-Rojas Virgilio E. , Ugaz Piero A. Quiroz , León Dante A. Loconi , Zeña-Ñañez Sandra 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Costello syndrome (CS) is a rare genetic condition characterized by dysregulation of the signaling pathway, phenotypic alteration due to fetal macrosomia or growth retardation, facial abnormalities, loose skin, cardiovascular abnormalities, and a variable degree of intellectual disability.

Case presentation
We describe the case of a 20-month-old male patient with fetal macrosomia and polyhydramnios, presenting psychomotor development delay and growth limitation during the first months of life. CS was diagnosed at four months of age after detecting a variant of the HRAS gene c.35G > C (p.G12A). A clinical description of his condition was recorded throughout his life, including cardiovascular diseases, endocrine disorders, and recurrent infections. At 20 months of age, after presenting events of marked hypotonia and generalized seizures, brain magnetic resonance revealed symmetrical lesions of the infra- and supratentorial white matter in both cerebral hemispheres, which resulted in the diagnosis of cerebral leukodystrophy. The patient had a rapid and progressive deterioration that eventually led to death.

Conclusions
This is the first report of a case of CS in Peru. In addition, this is a case that presented with multisystemic conditions culminating in leukodystrophy, which is a rare event according to the literature.
The conceptualisation and operationalisation of ‘marketing’ in public health research: a review of reviews focused on food marketing using principles from critical interpretive synthesis
Authors: Forde Hannah , Chavez-Ugalde Yanaina , Jones Rebecca A , Garrott Kate , Kotta Prasanti Alekhya , Greaves Felix , Targett Victoria , White Martin , Adams Jean 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Extensive public health research reports the nature, scope and effects of various marketing activities used by food and drinks companies to support the sale of their products. Such literature informs the regulation of food marketing that encourages unhealthy eating behaviours and poor diet-related health outcomes. However, it is not clear whether this literature consistently conceptualises and applies marketing, which could in turn influence the approach and efficacy of policies to regulate food marketing. We aimed to understand the conceptualisation and operationalisation of marketing in public health research of food marketing, eventually focusing on the conceptualisation of integrated marketing.

Methods
We conducted a review of reviews that drew on scoping review methods and applied principles of critical interpretive synthesis. Five databases of peer-reviewed literature and websites of relevant organisations were searched in June – August 2020. Articles were screened against inclusion criteria to identify reviews examining food marketing in a health context. Informative text segments from included articles were coded using NVivo. Codes were grouped into synthetic constructs and a synthesising argument.

Results
After screening against inclusion criteria, 60 publications were eligible for inclusion. Informative text segments from 24 publications were coded, after which no new codes were identified. Our synthesising argument was that the understanding of integrated marketing appeared inconsistent across publications, such as by differences in use of underlying conceptual frameworks and in the application of terms such as marketing strategy and tactics.

Conclusions
Using our synthesising argument, we suggest ways to improve the future study of food marketing in public health research, for example by using in-depth case studies to understand the integrated operation and effect of multi-component marketing strategies. Improving conceptual clarity in the study of food marketing in public health research has the potential to inform policy that is more reflective of the true nature of marketing, and thus more effective in combating food marketing effects and protecting public health.

Protocol registration
The review protocol was made publicly available on Open Science Framework prior to the start of the study (DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/VSJCW).
Creating access to SARS-CoV-2 screening and testing through community-based COVID-19 case-finding, observations from cross-sectional studies in Lesotho and Zambia
Authors: Klinkenberg Eveline , Katende Bulemba , Ruperez Maria , Bresser Moniek , Kangololo Bxyn , Bwalya Justin , Erhardt Rahel M. , Schaap Ab , Kasese Nkatya , Gatchie Thomas , Floyd Sian , ‘Mota ‘Mota J. , Ayles Helen , Shanaube Kwame , Reither Klaus 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic largely depends on the ability of the healthcare systems to develop effective and adaptable preparedness and mitigation strategies. A collaborative initiative (BRCCH-EDCTP COVID-19 Initiative) was set up between Lesotho and Zambia early on in the pandemic, to jointly conduct a project to investigate creating access to SARS-CoV-2 screening and testing through community-based COVID-19 case-finding.MethodsTwo different community case-finding strategies were deployed. In Lesotho, an approach was implemented whereby a community (village) health worker screened community members at their home or during community gatherings for COVID-19 signs and symptoms. All community members who screened positive were then offered SARS-CoV-2 testing. In Zambia, so-called community hubs, staffed by community health care workers, were set up at different locations in the community for people to walk in and get tested for SARS-CoV-2. Hubs changed location from week-to-week and targeted transmission hotspots. All persons visiting the hubs were offered testing for SARS-CoV-2 irrespective of self-reported signs and symptoms of COVID-19 though information was collected on occurrence of these. Testing in both approaches was done using SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen tests.ResultsSetting up testing in the community setting was feasible in both countries. In Lesotho in the village health worker approach, over a period of 46 weeks, 7221 persons were screened, and 49 (11.4%) SARS-COV-2 cases identified among 428 COVID-19 screen positive participants. In the community hubs among 3150 people tested, 166 (5.3%) SARS-CoV-2 cases were identified in a period of 26 weeks. From the community hubs approach, where all seen were offered COVID-19 testing it was learned that people screening positive for COVID-19 signs and symptoms were more likely to test SARS-COV-2 positive, especially those reporting classic COVID-19 symptoms like loss of sense/smell for a short period of time (1–3 days).ConclusionsIn conclusion, in this project we learned that implementing COVID-19 screening and testing by lay health workers in the community is possible. Characteristics of the population screened, tested, and identified to have SARS-CoV-2 are described to help guide development of future testing strategies.
Short-term effect of particulate matter on lung function and impulse oscillometry system (IOS) parameters of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Beijing, China
Authors: Zhu Rui-xia , Nie Xiu-hong , Liu Xiao-fang , Zhang Yong-xiang , Chen Jin , Liu Xue-jiao , Hui Xin-jie 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the associations between particulate matter (PM), lung function and Impulse Oscillometry System (IOS) parameters in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and identity effects between different regions in Beijing, China.

Methods
In this retrospective study, we recruited 1348 outpatients who visited hospitals between January 2016 and December 2019. Ambient air pollutant data were obtained from the central monitoring stations nearest the participants’ residential addresses. We analyzed the effect of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5) exposure on lung function and IOS parameters using a multiple linear regression model, adjusting for sex, smoking history, education level, age, body mass index (BMI), mean temperature, and relative humidity .

Results
The results showed a relationship between PM2.5, lung function and IOS parameters. An increase of 10 µg/m3 in PM2.5 was associated with a decline of 2.083% (95% CI: −3.047 to − 1.103) in forced expiratory volume in one second /predict (FEV1%pred), a decline of 193 ml/s (95% CI: −258 to − 43) in peak expiratory flow (PEF), a decline of 0.932% (95% CI: −1.518 to − 0.342) in maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF); an increase of 0.732 Hz (95% CI: 0.313 to 1.148) in resonant frequency (Fres), an increase of 36 kpa/(ml/s) (95% CI: 14 to 57) in impedance at 5 Hz (Z5) and an increase of 31 kpa/(ml/s) (95% CI: 2 to 54) in respiratory impedance at 5 Hz (R5). Compared to patients in the central district, those in the southern district had lower FEV1/FVC, FEV1%pred, PEF, FEF75%, MMEF, X5, and higher Fres, Z5 and R5 (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Short-term exposure to PM2.5 was associated with reductions in lung function indices and an increase in IOS results in patients with COPD. The heavier the PM2.5, the more severe of COPD.
Association between systemic immune-inflammation index and low muscle mass in US adults: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Shi Lin , Zhang Liang , Zhang Dan , Chen Zhuo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Chronic inflammatory responses have been reported to be associated with low muscle mass and systemic immune-inflammation index(SII) is a novel indicator of inflammation. The purpose of our study was to clarify the relationship between SII and low muscle mass.

Methods
This study was a cross-sectional study based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011–2018). SII was calculated as the platelet count × neutrophil count/lymphocyte count. Appendicular skeletal muscle index was used to define low muscle mass. The individuals were divided into four groups by the quartile of SII (Q1-Q4). Multivariate weighted logistic regression analysis, smooth curve fitting and subgroup analysis were used to investigate the relationship between SII and sarcopenia. Subgroup analysis were based on demographic and clinical variables.

Results
There were 10,367 individuals enrolled in our final analysis. The overall mean age was 39.39 years and 49.17% were males. The overall prevalence of low muscle mass in the study population was 8.77%. The smooth curve fitting analysis indicated a near-linear relationship between SII and low muscle mass. In multivariate weighted logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio (OR) of Q4 is 1.28 (95% CI, 1.16–1.40) for low muscle mass when compared to lowest quartile of the SII. In subgroup analysis, SII still increased the risk of low muscle mass independently.

Conclusion
The increased SII levels were associated with an increased risk of low muscle mass in a large population. Our study increased the understanding between inflammation and low muscle mass. Anti-inflammation therapy may be important for low muscle mass.
Artificial intelligence for the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer based on multimodal data: a multicenter study
Authors: Zhang Huiyong , Ji Jin , Liu Zhe , Lu Huiru , Qian Chong , Wei Chunmeng , Chen Shaohua , Lu Wenhao , Wang Chengbang , Xu Huan , Xu Yalong , Chen Xi , He Xing , Wang Zuheng , Zhao Xiaodong , Cheng Wen , Chen Xingfa , Pang Guijian , Yu Guopeng , Gu Yue , Jiang Kangxian , Xu Bin , Chen Junyi , Xu Bin , Wei Xuedong , Chen Ming , Chen Rui , Cheng Jiwen , Wang Fubo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The introduction of multiparameter MRI and novel biomarkers has greatly improved the prediction of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). However, decision-making regarding prostate biopsy and prebiopsy examinations is still difficult. We aimed to establish a quick and economic tool to improve the detection of csPCa based on routinely performed clinical examinations through an automated machine learning platform (AutoML).

Methods
This study included a multicenter retrospective cohort and two prospective cohorts with 4747 cases from 9 hospitals across China. The multimodal data, including demographics, clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, and ultrasound reports, of consecutive participants were retrieved using extract-transform-load tools. AutoML was applied to explore potential data processing patterns and the most suitable algorithm to build the Prostate Cancer Artificial Intelligence Diagnostic System (PCAIDS). The diagnostic performance was determined by the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) for discriminating csPCa from insignificant prostate cancer (PCa) and benign disease. The clinical utility was evaluated by decision curve analysis (DCA) and waterfall plots.

Results
The random forest algorithm was applied in the feature selection, and the AutoML algorithm was applied for model establishment. The area under the curve (AUC) value in identifying csPCa was 0.853 in the training cohort, 0.820 in the validation cohort, 0.807 in the Changhai prospective cohort, and 0.850 in the Zhongda prospective cohort. DCA showed that the PCAIDS was superior to PSA or fPSA/tPSA for diagnosing csPCa with a higher net benefit for all threshold probabilities in all cohorts. Setting a fixed sensitivity of 95%, a total of 32.2%, 17.6%, and 26.3% of unnecessary biopsies could be avoided with less than 5% of csPCa missed in the validation cohort, Changhai and Zhongda prospective cohorts, respectively.

Conclusions
The PCAIDS was an effective tool to inform decision-making regarding the need for prostate biopsy and prebiopsy examinations such as mpMRI. Further prospective and international studies are warranted to validate the findings of this study.

Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2100048428. Registered on 06 July 2021.