bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Levitation force approximation of YBCO hybrid superconductors using critical-state theory and partitioning method
Authors: Liu Xiaoning , Ke Zhihao , Zheng Jun , Deng Zigang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introducing the second-generation coated conductor tapes (2G tapes) can enhance the performance of yttrium-barium-copper-oxide bulk superconductors (SCs) in terms of force, damping, and shape diversity. In this study, we investigate a hybrid SC that utilizes 2G tapes wrapped around the pivotal bulk component to achieve performance improvements. We also present a straightforward method, based on critical-state theory, to approximate the levitation force of this hybrid SC. This method characterizes the stack of tapes as an equivalent bulk with higher anisotropy and applies a fitting Kim model as an integrated expression of J

c

(H) and J

c

anisotropy. The partitioning method divides the SC into several isolated elements where the external field is approximately uniform within each sub-volume. Comparisons of calculated results with experiments indicate that this method can predict levitation properties with reasonable accuracy in just a few seconds. Furthermore, we propose two geometries of hybrid SC, namely, width-hybrid, and height-hybrid SC, for practical applications. Among them, the width-hybrid form exhibits higher efficiency in levitation. Our findings highlight the importance of applying the coated conductor stack when the magnetic field orientation is perpendicular to the a–b planes.
Fabrication of high-quality joints between Gd–Ba–Cu–O bulk superconductors
Authors: Tutt N , Congreve J , Shi Y , Namburi D , Dennis A , Druiff H , Durrell J 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This work reports a technique for fabricating superconducting joints between GdBCO-Ag bulk superconductors, using YBCO-Ag as an intermediate joining material. The ability to provide reliable joints between multiple bulk superconductors overcomes many of the challenges of fabricating large superconductors or machining hard and brittle bulk superconductors into practical shapes. We report on nine single grains of GdBCO-Ag which have been joined with a YBCO-Ag intermediate. Samples were cut and joined in a variety of c-plane orientations to refine and understand the effect this had on the superconducting properties of jointed samples. The trapped field of pre-jointed and jointed bulk superconductors were compared; the maximum trapped field achieved was 59% of the pre-jointed sample. Further analysis showed that the critical temperature and critical current of the samples were degraded by the jointing process. Microstructural and chemical analysis showed that the jointing process facilitated diffusion of silver towards the joint and in some cases large pores were formed at the joint interface. These factors consequently inhibited current flow across the joint and thus reduced the maximum trapped field achievable when compared to the original unjointed sample.
Nonlinear Variability Observed with Insight-HXMT in MAXI J1820+070 and MAXI J1535-571
Authors: Ding Qi , Ji Long , Bu Qing-Cui , Dong Tiekuang , Chang Jin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We present the timing analysis of the nonlinear variability in two black hole low mass X-ray binaries MAXI J1820+070 and MAXI J1535-571 by using the bicoherence, a measure of phase coupling at different Fourier frequencies. We found different patterns, e.g., “cross” and “hypotenuse,” for LFQPOs in different outburst states. When they can be clearly distinguished, bicoherence patterns are similar over a wide energy range of 1–100 keV. It is intriguing that in some type-C QPOs we found the patterns that are normally observed in type-B QPOs. On the contrary, the “hypotenuse” pattern, a characteristic of type-C QPOs, was detected in a type-B QPO. This suggests that different types of QPOs may originate from similar underlying mechanisms. In addition, we speculate that the nonlinear variability may be a promising approach to disentangle distinct QPO models which assume different interactions between the broadband noise and QPO components.
The investigation of the neutronic responses of components in the K-DEMO
Authors: Kim Byung Chul 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The neutronic response of consisting materials of the Korean fusion DEMOnstration reactor (K-DEMO) in its fusion neutron environment is a crucial consideration factor from the conceptual design stage of the K-DEMO. Especially in the design of in-vessel components (IVCs) of the K-DEMO that are placed in the most extreme neutron irradiation field, neutronic damage of constituent components is a major limiting factor that determines the lifetime of IVCs. From the analysis of the neutronic response of IVCs of the K-DEMO, the neutron wall loading (NWL) related to the tritium breeding ratio and nuclear heating of IVCs can be quantified to assess the self-sufficient supply of tritium, and thermal energy transferred from fusion neutrons, respectively. The calculated NWL shows that the harmonizing design of the cooling configuration of each blanket segment with the corresponding NWL is critical thermos-hydraulic design issue for the efficient utilization of thermal energy in the blanket. Another finding is that the double null magnetic field configuration and related blanket configuration with a water-cooled pebble bed of the K-DEMO make a self-sufficient tritium supply challenging. The implicated lifetime of the first plasma-facing tungsten wall of the K-DEMO is around 2 full power years (FPY) in the severely neutron-irradiated region. For the reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steel layers in the blanket, the lifetime of it is estimated around 4 FPY in the inboard region. Based on the response analysis results of this study, optimization of the design of the K-DEMO will continue iteratively in the future.
Impact of Indian Ocean Dipole on Atlantic Niño predictive skill
Authors: Liu Ao , Zuo Jinqing , Tian Ben , Lu Bo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Recent studies suggest that tropical Indian Ocean sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies, especially those associated with the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), may trigger Atlantic Niño through atmospheric teleconnection. However, it remains unclear whether the former has an impact on the prediction skill of the latter. This work applies hindcasts from 21 operational seasonal forecast systems based on dynamical climate models to verify the impact of the IOD in boreal autumn on the predictive skill of the Atlantic Niño in the following winter. The results indicate that the prediction skills of both the IOD and Atlantic Niño show pronounced seasonality, with a peak in the target season of boreal autumn for the former and in the following winter for the latter. The models with a stronger connection between the boreal autumn IOD and the following winter Atlantic Niño appear to have a higher skill in predicting the latter when compared to the weaker connection models. This leads to a significant in-phase relationship between the prediction skills of the boreal winter Atlantic Niño and the strength of the IOD–Atlantic Niño connection among the models. When compared to the weaker connection models, the stronger connection models tend to simulate a warmer climatological mean of SST in the tropical Indian Ocean during boreal autumn and winter. The warmer climatological mean of SST benefits a stronger atmospheric circulation response to the underlying SST forcing associated with the IOD. This suggests that mean state bias in the tropical Indian Ocean plays a role in modulating the strength of the simulated IOD–Atlantic Niño connection and thus prediction skill of the Atlantic Niño in boreal winter.
Abundance and composition analysis of dinoflagellates in Mayangan and Binor Coastal Area, Probolinggo, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Herawati E Y , Valina R , Dini C A F , Cahyani V , Khasanah R I , Wiratno E N , Samuel P D 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Dinoflagellates are one of the phytoplankton groups that an important role as primary producers in waters. However, in very abundant conditions (blooming) it can be dangerous for ecosystems and aquatic biota. This study aims to determine the composition and abundance of harmful dinoflagellates and environmental factors that influence the presence of dinoflagellates in coastal area of Mayangan and Binor, Probolinggo Regency, East Java. The method used in this study is a survey method by determining the sample point by purposive sampling. The research was conducted in March 2022. The result showed that the abundance of dinoflagellates in Mayangan waters 255 – 1511 cells/mL consisting of 10 genera namely Alexandrium, Ceratium, Dinophysis, Gambierdiscus, Glenodinium, Gymnodinium, Ostreopsis, Peridinium, Phyrodinium, and Prorocentrum. The abundance of dinoflagellates in Binor waters 716 – 2536 cells/mL consisting of 10 genera namely Alexandrium, Amphydinium, Bysmatrum, Cochlodinium, Gambierdiscus, Glenodinium, Gymnodinium, Peridinium, Protoperidinium, and Scrippsiella. The highest genus in Mayangan waters Ceratium 18% and Binor waters Protoperidinium 21%. The abundance of dinoflagellates in the Mayangan and Binor waters has no potential for blooming, but the presence of the dinoflagellate genus in the waters can still endanger coastal ecosystems because it can produce toxins. The presence of dinoflagellates is influenced by environmental factors such as salinity, nitrate, and phosphate.
Pathway analysis of pH in whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei concrete pond intensifies in Banyuwangi East Java
Authors: Supriatna  , Darmawan A , Maizar A 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The study aims to understand the pH analysis path model in white shrimp-intensive ponds. The method used is the ex-post-facto analytical analysis by observing changes in the pH of pond water and other water quality parameter factors that affect it—shrimp farming method under the intensively patterned BAPC. The measured water parameters were pH, temperature, salinity, transparency, TOM, carbonate, bicarbonate, and total alkalinity. The collected research data were analyzed by regression and correlation to create a path analysis model for pH. The results showed that changes in the pH of pond water are influenced directly and indirectly by salinity, TOM, and total alkalinity. The most significant direct influence comes from the total alkalinity and the smallest of TOM.
Influence of bearing waviness on the lubrication performances of coupled journal-thrust water-lubricated bearings
Authors: Zhang Hengguan , Cai Jianlin , Yang Tianyou , Chen Shouan , Tang Dongxing , Wang Jiaxu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to discuss the effect of the bearing waviness on the lubrication performances of coupled journal-thrust water-lubricated bearings using an elastohydrodynamic lubrication model. The results of the numerical model are compared to the published experimental data to verify the validity of the numerical model. The load capacity and maximum fluid pressure under different parameters of waviness of coupled journal-thrust bearings are calculated by numerical model, and then the influence of the bearing waviness on the performance of coupled journal-thrust water-lubricated bearings is analyzed. The simulation results show that the waviness amplitude has great influence on the bearing performances and the effect becomes increasingly pronounced with the growth of waviness amplitude. For the waviness of journal bearings, the performances are more sensitive to the waviness arranged in bearing circumferential direction than radial direction. For the waviness of thrust bearings, the presence of circumferential waviness can improve the load capacity, while radial waviness can reduce the load capacity. With the increase of wavelength, the load capacity and maximum fluid pressure have similar periodic changes, but the change is irregular. More investigations are required regarding the influence of geometrical shape of the waviness and its wavelength on the performance of the bearing.
Bending of electric field lines and light-ray trajectories in a static gravitational field
Authors: Singal Ashok K 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
It is well known that the light-ray trajectories follow a curved path in a gravitational field. This has been confirmed observationally where light rays coming from distant astronomical objects are seen to get bent in Sun’s gravitational field. We explore here the bending of electric field lines due to gravity. We determine, from a theoretical perspective, not only the exact shapes of the bent trajectories of light rays, emitted isotropically by a source supported in a gravitational field, but also demonstrate that the electric field lines of a charge, supported in a gravitational field, follow exactly the trajectories of light rays emitted isotropically from a source at the charge location. From a detailed examination of the electrostatic field of a charge accelerated uniformly in the instantaneous rest frame, exploiting the strong principle of equivalence, we determine the bending of the electric field lines of a charge in a gravitational field. The fraction of electric field lines crossing a surface, stationary above or below the charge in the gravitational field, are shown to be exactly similar to the fraction of light-ray trajectories intersecting that surface, emanating from a source lying at the charge location. On the other hand, for a freely falling charge in the gravitational field there is no such bending of electric field lines. The field lines continue to extend in radial straight lines from the instantaneous ‘present’ position of the charge, as do the trajectories of light rays spreading away from the instantaneous position of a freely falling source in the gravitational field. The electric field configuration of a freely falling charge in the gravitational field is shown to be exactly the same as that of a charge moving uniformly in an inertial frame with velocity equal to the instantaneous ‘present’ velocity of the freely falling charge.
Imaging skins: stretchable and conformable on-organ beta particle detectors for radioguided surgery
Authors: Dietsch S , Lindenroth L , Stilli A , Stoyanov D 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
While radioguided surgery (RGS) traditionally relied on detecting gamma rays, direct detection of beta particles could facilitate the detection of tumour margins intraoperatively by reducing radiation noise emanating from distant organs, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the imaging technique. In addition, most existing beta detectors do not offer surface sensing or imaging capabilities. Therefore, we explore the concept of a stretchable scintillator to detect beta-particles emitting radiotracers that would be directly deployed on the targeted organ. Such detectors, which we refer to as imaging skins, would work as indirect radiation detectors made of light-emitting agents and biocompatible stretchable material. Our vision is to detect scintillation using standard endoscopes routinely employed in minimally invasive surgery. Moreover, surgical robotic systems would ideally be used to apply the imaging skins, allowing for precise control of each component, thereby improving positioning and task repeatability. While still in the exploratory stages, this innovative approach has the potential to improve the detection of tumour margins during RGS by enabling real-time imaging, ultimately improving surgical outcomes.
Spectral asymptotics for a family of LCM matrices
Authors: Hilberdink T. , Pushnitski A. 
Published: June 2023

The family of arithmetical matrices is studied given explicitly by

E
(
σ
,
τ
)
=

{

n
σ

m
σ

[
n
,
m

]
τ

}

n
,
m
=
1

∞

,

\begin{equation*} E(\sigma ,\tau )= \bigg \{\frac {n^\sigma m^\sigma }{[n,m]^\tau }\bigg \}_{n,m=1}^\infty , \end{equation*}

where

[
n
,
m
]

[n,m]

is the least common multiple of

n
n

and

m
m

and the real parameters

σ
\sigma

and

τ
\tau

satisfy

ρ
≔
τ
−
2
σ
>
0

\rho ≔\tau -2\sigma >0

,

τ
−
σ
>

1
2

\tau -\sigma >\frac 12

, and

τ
>
0

\tau >0

. It is proved that

E
(
σ
,
τ
)

E(\sigma ,\tau )

is a compact selfadjoint positive definite operator on

ℓ
2

(

N

)

\ell ^2(\mathbb {N})

, and the ordered sequence of eigenvalues of

E
(
σ
,
τ
)

E(\sigma ,\tau )

obeys the asymptotic relation

λ
n

(
E
(
σ
,
τ
)
)
=

ϰ
(
σ
,
τ
)

n
ρ

+
o
(

n

−
ρ

)
,

n
→
∞
,

\begin{equation*} \lambda _n(E(\sigma ,\tau ))=\frac {\varkappa (\sigma ,\tau )}{n^\rho }+o(n^{-\rho }), \quad n\to \infty , \end{equation*}

with some

ϰ
(
σ
,
τ
)
>
0

\varkappa (\sigma ,\tau )>0

. This fact is applied to the asymptotics of singular values of truncated multiplicative Toeplitz matrices with the symbol given by the Riemann zeta function on the vertical line with abscissa

σ
>
1

/

2

\sigma >1/2

. The relationship of the spectral analysis of

E
(
σ
,
τ
)

E(\sigma ,\tau )

with the theory of generalized prime systems is also pointed out.
Preservation of absolutely continuous spectrum for contractive operators
Authors: Liaw C. , Treil S. 
Published: June 2023

Contractive operators

T
T

that are trace class perturbations of a unitary operator

U
U

are treated. It is proved that the dimension functions of the absolutely continuous spectrum of

T
T

,

T
∗

T^*

, and of

U
U

coincide. In particular, if

U
U

has a purely singular spectrum, then the characteristic function

θ
\theta

of

T
T

is a two-sided inner function, i.e.,

θ
(
ξ
)

\theta (\xi )

is unitary a.e. on

T

\mathbb {T}

. Some corollaries to this result are related to investigations of the asymptotic stability of the operators

T
T

and

T
∗

T^*

(the convergence

T
n

→
0

T^n\to 0

and

(

T
∗

)
n

→
0

(T^*)^n\to 0

, respectively, in the strong operator topology).

The proof is based on an explicit computation of the characteristic function.
Free boundary problems via Sakai’s theorem
Authors: Vardakis D. , Volberg A. 
Published: June 2023

A Schwarz function on an open domain

Ω
\Omega

is a holomorphic function satisfying

S
(
ζ
)
=

ζ
¯

S(\zeta )=\overline {\zeta }

on

Γ
\Gamma

, which is part of the boundary of

Ω
\Omega

. Sakai in 1991 gave a complete characterization of the boundary of a domain admitting a Schwarz function. In fact, if

Ω
\Omega

is simply connected and

Γ
=
∂
Ω
∩
D
(
ζ
,
r
)

\Gamma =\partial \Omega \cap D(\zeta ,r)

, then

Γ
\Gamma

has to be regular real analytic. This paper is an attempt to describe

Γ
\Gamma

when the boundary condition is slightly relaxed. In particular, three different scenarios over a simply connected domain

Ω
\Omega

are treated: when

f
1

(
ζ
)
=

ζ
¯

f
2

(
ζ
)

f_1(\zeta )=\overline {\zeta }f_2(\zeta )

on

Γ
\Gamma

with

f
1

,

f
2

f_1,f_2

holomorphic and continuous up to the boundary, when

U

/

V

\mathcal {U}/\mathcal {V}

equals certain real analytic function on

Γ
\Gamma

with

U

,

V

\mathcal {U},\mathcal {V}

positive and harmonic on

Ω
\Omega

and vanishing on

Γ
\Gamma

, and when

S
(
ζ
)
=
Φ
(
ζ
,

ζ
¯

)

S(\zeta )=\Phi (\zeta ,\overline {\zeta })

on

Γ
\Gamma

with

Φ
\Phi

a holomorphic function of two variables. It turns out that the boundary piece

Γ
\Gamma

can be, respectively, anything from

C
∞

C^\infty

to merely

C
1

C^1

, regular except finitely many points, or regular except for a measure zero set.
Chapter 7. Angles between invariant subspaces
Authors: Vasyunin V. 
Published: June 2023

This paper is a chapter from the continuation of a survey by the author and N. K. Nikolski published in 1998. It contains two theorems describing when an invariant subspace has an invariant complement and when the angle between two given invariant subspaces is positive. The presentation involves the technique of the coordinate-free functional model.
Galois representations ramified at one prime and with suitably large image
Authors: Ray Anwesh 
Published: June 2023

Let

p
≥
7

p\geq 7

be a prime and

n
>
1

n>1

be a natural number. We show that there exist infinitely many Galois representations

ϱ
:
Gal
⁡
(

Q

¯

/

Q

)
→

GL

n

⁡
(

Z

p

)

\varrho :\operatorname {Gal}(\bar {\mathbb {Q}}/\mathbb {Q})\rightarrow \operatorname {GL}_{n}(\mathbb {Z}_p)

which are unramified outside

{
p
,
∞
}

\{p, \infty \}

with large image. More precisely, the Galois representations constructed have image containing the kernel of the mod-

p
t

p^t

reduction map

SL
n

⁡
(

Z

p

)
→

SL
n

⁡
(

Z

/

p
t

Z

)

\operatorname {SL}_n(\mathbb {Z}_p)\rightarrow \operatorname {SL}_n(\mathbb {Z}/p^t\mathbb {Z})

, where

t
≔
8
(

n
2

−
n
)

(
3
+
⌊

log
p

⁡
(

2
n

+
1
)
⌋
)

+
8

t≔8(n^2-n)\left (3+\lfloor \operatorname {log}_p(2^n+1)\rfloor \right )+8

. The results are proven via a purely Galois theoretic lifting construction. When

p
≡
1

mod

4

p\equiv 1\mod {4}

, our results are conditional since in this case, we assume a very weak version of Vandiver’s conjecture.
Screening of morphology-related genes based on predator-induced transcriptome sequencing and the functional analysis of Dagcut gene in Daphnia galeata
Authors: Cao Ya-Qin , Zhao Ya-Jie , Qi Hui-Ying , Huang Jin-Fei , Zhu Fu-Cheng , Wang Wen-Ping , Deng Dao-Gui 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
High fish predation pressure can trigger “induced defense” in Daphnia species, resulting in phenotypic plasticity in morphology, behavior, or life-history traits. The molecular mechanisms of defense morphogenesis (e.g., the tail spine and helmet) in Daphnia remain unclear. In the present study, the tail spine, helmet, and body of Daphnia galeata under fish and non-fish kairomones conditions were collected for transcriptome analysis. A total of 24 candidate genes related to the morphological defense of D. galeata were identified, including 2 trypsin, one cuticle protein, 1 C1qDC protein, and 2 ferritin genes. The function of the Dagcut gene (D. galeata cuticle protein gene) in relation to tail spine morphology was assessed using RNA interference (RNAi). Compared with the EGFP (Enhanced green fluorescent protein) treatment, after RNAi, the expression levels of the Dagcut gene (D. galeata cuticle protein gene) showed a significant decrease. Correspondingly, the tail spines of the offspring produced by D. galeata after RNAi of the Dagcut gene appeared curved during the experiment. In whole-mount in situ hybridization, a clear signal site was detected on the tail spine of D. galeata before RNAi which disappeared after RNAi. Our results suggest that the Dagcut gene may play an important role in tail spine formation of D. galeata, and will provide a theoretical basis for studying the molecular mechanisms of the morphological plasticity in cladocera in the future.