bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linking employees' work orientation and corporate social responsibility practices: Multilevel and multistakeholder cross‐sectional study
Authors: Belay Habtie Alemnew , Hailu Fentaye Kasaa , Sinshaw Gedif Tessema 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn its part to contribute to the query of “why some firms act responsibly while others do not?”, the work has devised a “moderated micro‐macro model,” wherein employees' work orientation took the micro (individual‐level) independent variable role, stakeholder‐based corporate social responsibility practice conceived as the macro (organizational‐level) dependent variable, and organizational culture singled out as macro‐level (organizational‐level) moderating variable for the link. A sample of 53 large manufacturing firms in the Amhara region of Ethiopia constituted the organizational‐level units. A random sample of 473 employees evaluated the recent performance of the firms and themselves. Croon and van Veldhoven's multilevel analytical package suited the designed model. The study has revealed that (1) concerning CSR practice, even though CSR performance varies across stakeholder groups, overall, healthy (responsible) business behavior has been in general evident, (2) work orientation is indeed a potential driver of corporate social responsibility practice, (3) organizational culture and one of its dimensions, adhocracy culture, played a buffering moderation role in job orientation‐corporate social responsibility practice link, and (4) while firm effect has been paramount in explaining CSR practices, the individual effect has attributed a non‐negligible part to CSR practices. Notwithstanding its limitations, the study has provided valuable insights into CSR theory and practice. Similar studies with tailored designs are encouraged for future research.
Hospitalization for acute heart failure during non‐working hours impacts on long‐term mortality: the REPORT‐HF registry
Authors: Katsanos Spyridon , Ouwerkerk Wouter , Farmakis Dimitrios , Collins Sean P. , Angermann Christiane E. , Dickstein Kenneth , Tomp Jasper , Ertl Georg , Cleland John , Dahlström Ulf , Obergfell Achim , Ghadanfar Mathieu , Perrone Sergio V. , Hassanein Mahmoud , Stamoulis Konstantinos , Parissis John , Lam Carolyn , Filippatos Gerasimos 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimsHospital admission during nighttime and off hours may affect the outcome of patients with various cardiovascular conditions due to suboptimal resources and personnel availability, but data for acute heart failure remain controversial. Therefore, we studied outcomes of acute heart failure patients according to their time of admission from the global International Registry to assess medical practice with lOngitudinal obseRvation for Treatment of Heart Failure.Methods and resultsOverall, 18 553 acute heart failure patients were divided according to time of admission into ‘morning’ (7:00–14:59), ‘evening’ (15:00–22:59), and ‘night’ (23:00–06:59) shift groups. Patients were also dichotomized to admission during ‘working hours’ (9:00–16:59 during standard working days) and ‘non‐working hours’ (any other time). Clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcomes were compared across groups. The hospital length of stay was longer for morning (odds ratio: 1.08; 95% confidence interval: 1.06–1.10, P < 0.001) and evening shift (odds ratio: 1.10; 95% confidence interval: 1.07–1.12, P < 0.001) as compared with night shift. The length of stay was also longer for working vs. non‐working hours (odds ratio: 1.03; 95% confidence interval: 1.02–1.05, P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in in‐hospital mortality among the groups. Admission during working hours, compared with non‐working hours, was associated with significantly lower mortality at 1 year (hazard ratio: 0.88; 95% confidence interval: 0.80–0.96, P = 0.003).ConclusionsAcute heart failure patients admitted during the night shift and non‐working hours had shorter length of stay but similar in‐hospital mortality. However, patients admitted during non‐working hours were at a higher risk for 1 year mortality. These findings may have implications for the health policies and heart failure trials.
Model Based Verification and Validation Planning for a Solar‐Powered High‐Altitude Platform
Authors: Rothe Daniel , Rahm Malte , Hagen Christoph , Bierig Andreas 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDeveloping a solar‐powered High‐Altitude Platform is a challenging endeavor. These aircraft are able to remain airborne for extremely long time periods, since they harvest all necessary energy from the sun. This is only possible if the design can handle all operating conditions with minimal margins. The systems therefore need to be well matched, which can be more efficiently facilitated by utilizing model‐based engineering. This paper shows how a SysML profile can be used to conduct verification and validation planning within such a large project. Key benefits are the development of a single source of truth, better overview from a management point of view, unified processes and document styles within the project, improved change management as well as reduced workloads when generating readable export documents.
Shifting the Paradigm from Lessons Learned to Lessons Applied through Digitally Enabled Transformation
Authors: Wach Paul , Wittenberg Donald , Koziol Matthew , Sandman Karson 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLessons learned are generally documented with limited review until the next policy driven decision point. Additionally, data collected in lessons learned repositories may lack the depth necessary to determine root causes, leading to additional disparate data being required. This passive, disconnected approach is an example of the type of current processes that are desired to be supplanted by the outcome of the digital transformation. Our customer defined a task to deliver a pilot incorporating active lessons management, for which we designed around digital engineering principles to facilitate data manipulation and sharing. To deliver the capability, we re‐envisioned the passive lessons learned as active lesson applied by developing an enterprise‐level methodology for identifying root causes and risk mitigations based on lessons learned. We are also evolving a digital ecosystem for implementing the lessons applied methodology. This article serves to provide documentation of our lessons applied methodology and insight to our supporting digital infrastructure and the unique benefits gained from the infrastructure.
Model‐Based FMEA & FTA with Case‐Based Reasoning
Authors: Arifin Habibi Husain , Kawamura Ken , Robert Ong Ho Kit , Pepper Brian , Chimplee Nasis , Pavalkis Saulius 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe main challenge of performing safety & reliability analysis in multi‐disciplinary products is the lack of information and knowledge within an organization to guide them in the beginning. In fact, such knowledge can be extracted and consolidated from historical data, technical experiences, and system architectures. This paper proposes an approach to leverage the value of system architecture models, safety & reliability models, and the CBR method to enable a systematic, adaptive, and multi‐disciplinary knowledge management system. As a result, the engineers can retrieve and reuse the information from historical failures to guide their analysis in their existing or new product development. To improve the knowledge in CBR casebase, this paper demonstrates a conceptual idea to leverage the values of FMEA‐FTA integration and SysML relationships. The idea enables a broader analysis and more systematic way for information correctness.
Improving Systems Engineering Competency and Capability in an Organization
Authors: Zipes Lori Fretz 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHow do you improve the capability of an organization to practice a valuable, disciplined form of engineering that is rarely taught in academic engineering programs and often misunderstood in the workplace? This paper is based upon a multi‐year effort to improve the skills and capabilities of the Systems Engineering (SE) workforce at a Naval Research and Development center. Specific topics to be addressed will include: identifying the systems engineering workforce in an organization, facilitating the development of capabilities of this workforce, motivating and inspiring the workforce to continue improving their skills, and assessing the level of competence developed. Lessons learned from the effort will provide important insights to those pursuing a similar goal.
Coping with Verification in Complex Engineered Product Development
Authors: Skreddernes Ola , Haugen Rune André , Haskins Cecilia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCoping with system verification in complex systems is a challenging task. This paper reports on how the high complexity of closely integrated systems and long timelines in development affects the verification process in an engineering company in Norway. The literature on verification in development and a survey within the industry‐as‐laboratory method were used to research the practice of verification in the case company to identify where the company's practice deviates from the recommended practice according to the literature. The research found that the company is taking shortcuts in its documented processes resulting in integration testing late in the development. The authors propose the use of metrics to monitor the progress of the system of interest and the project. In conclusion, continuously tracking and improving the work process is recommended to cope with the complexity of developing the company products.
The INCOSE Systems Engineering Heuristics: What Are They Telling Us About the Discipline?
Authors: Thomas Caroline G. , Fridlin Carly R. , Kenley C. Robert 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe INCOSE Fellows have been leading an effort to develop heuristics that will help systems engineers pass on their knowledge of the best practices within the discipline.We performed bibliometric analysis on the text corpus of 164 heuristics and of the sources cited in them to gain insights into what the heuristics data is telling us about the discipline of systems engineering.We performed co‐occurrence analysis using VOSviewer, which is a software application that identifies pairs of terms and connects them. This analysis found terms that occur together across multiple heuristics by applying a natural language processing algorithm that identified the terms and formed clusters of terms that are strongly related to each other. To gain further insight into the cooccurrence results, the INCOSE Fellows participated in a contest to name the clusters and create narratives that provide a rationale for the cluster names and why it makes sense for the terms to belong to the clusters they were assigned to. Finally, a ballot was created to send out to a broader collection of INCOSE members to vote on the best name for each cluster among the names provided by the Fellows. The three‐step process of bibliometric analysis, cluster naming by the Fellows, and voting by the members identified emergent disciplines essential to the practice of systems engineering.We also performed bibliographic coupling analysis and co‐citation analysis using VOSviewer. A bibliographic coupling link is a link between two heuristics that both cite the same source. A co‐citation link is a link between two sources that are both cited by the same heuristic. The coupling analysis identified clusters among the heuristics that revealed communities of practice within systems engineering, and the co‐citation analysis identified clusters among the cited references to reveal communities of theory in systems engineering.
On Evaluating System Resilience by the Degree of Order Disruption
Authors: Moghadasi Negin , Lambert James H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractResilience curves describe the diminished performance of a system over time following a shock, with the area integral above the curve representing the persistence of the lost performance. For example, in a power system, the lost power generation is measured in megawatts, and the persistence of the disruption is in megawatt hours; in a communications system, the performance in gigabits per second can be integrated over time as gigabits. The persistence metrics from the examples are not comparable. Ongoing engineering systems work is focused on disrupted order rather than disrupted performance. The Kendall's tau statistic is used to compare an initial, pre‐shock set of priorities with the priorities after the shock. This paper will describe complementing system performance with system order in the estimation and integration of resilience curves, thus enabling a new quantification of resilience as a disruption of system order can be used across application domains of risk analysis.
Agile Systems Engineering – Eight Core Aspects
Authors: Dove Rick , Lunney Kerry , Orosz Michael , Yokell Mike 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAgile engineering, of any kind, employs strategies for designing, building, sustaining, and evolving purpose‐fulfilling creations when knowledge is uncertain and operational environments are dynamic. Strategies address what needs to be accomplished and why, without constraints or directions on how. How those strategies manifest as operational methods depends upon the engineering context. For instance, though single‐domain software engineering is different than multi‐domain systems engineering, both share the same goals and strategies. This article describes eight agility‐supporting strategic aspects with application discussions and examples relevant to systems engineering and exposes common myths and misunderstandings. Each of the eight aspects can individually improve capability to deal with uncertain knowledge and dynamic environments.
Agile Processes Applied to Los Alamos National Laboratory SE approach: The Agile Processes and Technology (APT) Team
Authors: Dominguez Owen , Chavez Gregory M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA myriad of industries is investigating and applying new technologies, approaches, and software to improve the systems engineering life cycle status quo, by reducing the time duration and lowering the cost incurred in the systems engineering process. One effort undertaken, and described herein, is pairing an Agile‐Lean framework with models‐based systems engineering (MBSE) to achieve time saving and cost efficiencies quickly within systems engineering concepts to production systems phases. This is being done by the Agile Processes and technologies (APT) team who are tasked to deliver a weapon prototype in three years. For this purpose, APT has adopted practices currently used in industry to speed up the conventional processes and practices within Los Alamos National Laboratory and partners, particularly by implementing Agile‐Lean within MBSE. APT has demonstrated agility by implementing changes at the organizational scale; given that most of the work done at the facilities is heavily based on design and hardware performance. In addition, MBSE is used to support verification and validation activities to drive acquisition of necessary evidence to establish traceability and compliance needed for qualification and certification, as per stakeholders' requirements. This paper describes the current efforts towards implementing MBSE in an Agile‐lean framework to represent a complex system —weapon prototype—, in a rapidly moving and changing environment to enable informed decisions through the identification and capture of useful decision criteria.
Managing Knowledge Transfer in Innovative Complex Systems Development: Case Study of Renewable Energy Project in the Oil and Gas Industry
Authors: Chen Yayun , Zhao YangyYang , Kjenner Svein , Hasan Kamrul 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMany oil and gas companies are looking for new opportunities in the renewable energy market. New energy systems, especially those with subsea large‐scale hydrogen storage functions, have become an important part of the global energy transition. Oil and gas companies, like the case company, utilize experience and technologies from the subsea oil and gas sector to develop large‐scale hydrogen storage systems. In systems development, there is a need for efficient knowledge transfer from the current team to new stakeholders joining the team. To meet this need, this research investigates how to use A3 Architectural Overviews (A3AOs) to facilitate the efficient knowledge transfer between the current team and the future engineer team in the renewable energy project of the case company. Drawing from the system engineering methodology, we first identified key stakeholders and their needs and studied the current knowledge transfer situation. The solution based on A3AOs has been developed and optimized in this study. This final solution has been verified and validated by the testing workshop, survey, and expert evaluation.
A Geo‐Spatial Method for Calculating BEV Charging Inconvenience using Publicly Available Data
Authors: Rabinowitz Aaron I. , Smart John G. , Coburn Timothy C. , Bradley Thomas H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAs governments and the automotive industry push towards electrification, it becomes increasingly critical to address the factors which influence individual car buying decisions. Evidence suggests that operational inconvenience or the perception thereof plays a large role in consumer decisions concerning Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs). BEV ownership inconvenience and its causal factors have been relatively understudied, rendering efforts to mitigate the issues insufficiently informed. This paper presents a method of producing an empirical equation which relates operational inconvenience to a small number of housing and local Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE) infrastructure factors. The paper then further provides a method of applying the equation in a geo‐spatial context allowing for the evaluation of the effects of policies in a geographical manner. this method enables future quantitative analyses concerning investment in EVSE infrastructure to be directly sensitive to BEV operational inconvenience due to charging.
Proposing a novel combination of Earned Value Management and Requirements Management
Authors: Jarlsberg Kristian Frederik Wedel , Andersson Jonas 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA wide range of methodologies is used to report progress in projects, all with different strengths and limitations. One such methodology is Earned Value Management. However, both industry and academia highlight substantial issues when applying Earned Value Management on complex projects, creating a need for organizations to seek for ways to improve Earned Value Management. This paper presents the current ways of reporting progress within an organisation using Earned Value Management, its shortcomings, and how combining Earned Value Management with Systems Engineering and Requirements Management may improve the methodology. The proposed solution uses an application of requirement attributes to report previously excluded aspects, such as technical progress, the risk to schedule and budget, and customer concerns.
Future Trends Influencing Technical Leaders and Technical Leadership
Authors: West Timothy D. , Silva Fabio , Daida Midori , Sharifi Nazanin , Jean Paul 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper summarizes the authors' reflections on global trends and key factors influencing systems engineering in the post‐COVID era. The discussion builds upon INCOSE's Systems Engineering Vision 2035, as well as multiple virtual workshops and peer discussions conducted by the authors as part of their experience in INCOSE's Technical Leadership Institute (TLI). The authors focus on three key factors affecting technical leaders and their technical leadership role: (1) the heightened societal awareness of environmental concerns along with the associated demand for more environmentally friendly products, (2) the increasingly interconnected, multicultural, multigenerational work environment, and (3) the increasing capability of advanced digital tools, techniques, and processes. The authors' analysis acknowledges the need for technical leaders to think green, build an inclusive work environment, welcome differing viewpoints, avoid stereotyping, and expand their virtual tradecraft. Ultimately technology changes how technical leaders do their jobs, but not the job itself. Leaders must still set the vision and direction of the organization, communicate that vision to their stakeholders, and provide the resources and support that the team needs to achieve the vision. Emerging technologies offer leaders new and innovative means to do this in a more inviting and inclusive manner.
Small satellite Extracurricular projects – Implementing a context‐driven SysEng engine for improved adaptability and student agency
Authors: Kindem Håkon 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUniversity student projects usually attempt to follow, and often fail to follow, industry frameworks and standards to ensure the success of their development effort. The typical student satellite project follows ESA ECSS or NASA project frameworks, prescribing document artefacts, project reviews, the project life cycle, and typical project processes. In the case of Orbit NTNU, this was done without understanding the underlying dependencies and supporting connections between artefacts, design steps, and project phases. This paper presents a framework for increased understanding of the purpose of common design artefacts and their interdependencies by applying model‐centric system thinking and systemigrams as a tool for highlighting relationships and dependencies within the SysEng discipline, thus enabling the students to complete well‐informed and planned design iterations that build a solid and coherent system understanding throughout the project lifecycle. The method is built to be adapted to the needs of the project team and can readily be used by 1st year university students with one semester of SysEng experience.
A Case for Model‐Based Systems Engineering in an Agile World and Principles for Growth
Authors: Call Daniel R. , Herber Daniel R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSystems engineering enabled the development of some of the greatest engineering marvels of the 20th century. With the advent of the information age and software‐centric systems, which drove a dramatic increase in system complexity, the practice of systems engineering has encountered growing pains. As organizations developing these software‐centric systems work to adopt agile software development methods, the rigor of systems engineering work has been compromised. The linguistic relativity hypothesis suggests that the cognitive ability to engineer effective systems is developed and enhanced by the “language” of systems engineering. An improved understanding of what constitutes model‐based systems engineering (MBSE) as opposed to systems modeling can improve MBSE outcomes. We put forth here that agile systems engineering, enabled by MBSE, is the bridge that will allow the principles and processes that have been developed through decades of research and experience to be applied to benefit modern systems.