bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An evaluation on the prevalence Of Green Marketing: A Business Myth or Reality
Authors: Siba Borah Prasad , Korankye Benard 
Published: February 2023

The 21st century has witnessed the proliferation of industries and technologies that has also led to an increase in environmental challenges such as air & water pollution, land degradation, depletion of the ozone layer, global warming, and climate changes. More so, the consciousness of consumers about the environmental challenges is increasing and companies are responding to them through what is regarded as “green marketing”. Green marketing represents the development, implementation, and marketing of eco-friendly products. This study was constituted to unearth the green marketing practices that are administered by organizations since studies on the phenomenon are said to be at the infantile stage. A systematic literature review was undertaken using 26 articles from 23 journals published between 2013 and 2022. After an extensive evaluation of the literature, three thematic areas were extracted: green marketing practices, green marketing influences on consumer behavior, and the relevance of green marketing to organizations. The study summarized the green marketing practices and their influence on consumer behavior in figures 3 and 4 respectively. The relevance of green marketing to organizations was summarized in table 4. At the back of the review, the research provided some insightful directions for further studies on the phenomenon.
Oxygenation index and NT-proBNP as predictors of pulmonary hypertension and ventilation/perfusion mismatch in acute pulmonary embolism
Authors: Ye Wenjing , Chen Xi , Li Xiaoming , Guo Xuejun , Gu Wen 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThe magnitude of pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and the extent of ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch are essential for assessing the prognosis of acute pulmonary embolism (APE). We aimed to develop a model for predicting the status of the pulmonary circulation and arterial gas exchange functions using serum levels of cardiac biomarkers and arterial oxygenation index (OI) values.Materials and methodsThis single-center, retrospective observational cohort study included 224 patients with APE. Multivariate linear regression and Poisson regression were used to test the statistical association between cardiac biomarkers, OI, PAP, and V/Q mismatch. Diagnostic efficiency was calculated from a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.ResultsSerum levels of troponin I (TNI), N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and arterial OI magnitude significantly correlated with PAP and V/Q mismatches (P &lt; 0.05). Multivariate linear regression showed that NT-proBNP serum levels (β = 0.002, P &lt; 0.001) and OI values (β = −0.022, P = 0.001) significantly influenced PAP. Arterial OI (β = −0.039, P &lt; 0.001) had a significant influence on the percentage of pulmonary vascular obstruction (PVO) as determined by perfusion scanning. Poisson regression showed that OI (odds ratio: 0.995, p &lt; 0.001) was a predictor of the number of lung segments with V/Q mismatches. ROC area under the curve (AUC) values of NT-proBNP and OI predicting pulmonary hypertension were 0.716 and 0.730, respectively, and for V/Q mismatch scanning, the results were 0.601 and 0.634, respectively.ConclusionArterial OI and serum levels of cardiac biomarkers may be used as indicators of pulmonary hypertension and V/Q mismatch.
Evolution of total column ozone prior to the era of ozone depletion
Authors: Brönnimann Stefan 
Published: February 2023

Total column ozone has been monitored for almost a century. The focus of most research studies over the last 40 years was on the era of ozone depletion and the detection of signs of recovery. However, the question also arises to what extent total column ozone has changed prior to this era. Possible causes could be changes in ozone production (both in the troposphere and stratosphere) due to changing atmospheric composition, changes in solar activity, or climatic changes. In this contribution, I discuss the evolution of total column ozone in the 40 years from 1924, when ozone monitoring started, to 1963, which is approximately the time when ozone depletion started to affect the ozone layer. Using long historical measurements, as well as an assimilated zonal mean total column ozone dataset, I show that variability was characterized by strong interannual-to-multiannual anomalies, with a small positive trend at the northern mid-to high-latitudes of ca. 6 DU over the 40-year period. The latitudinal pattern of the trend matches that found in CMIP6 models, but the trend at mid-latitudes is weaker than that in the models.
Geriatric drug trials on solid tumor are scarce worldwide
Authors: Huang Huiyao , Cui Dandan , Leng Ye , Zhang Kaiting , Yu Anqi , Wang Yanting , Wu Hanli , Tang Yu , Yu Feng , Li Ning 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundConducting geriatric trials is the most feasible way to address the vast underrepresentation of older adults in clinical trials of cancer therapies. This study is a globally comprehensive examination of geriatric trials for solid tumor worldwide over the last decade.MethodsUp-to-date information on cancer drug trials in older adults aged over 59 years from the beginning of 2012 to the end of 2021 was collected from Trialtrove and Pharmaprojects. The number of identified trials was the dependent variable and corresponding analysis was conducted from the perspective of time trend, status quo and comparisons by region and country, sponsor type and cancer type, study status and phase.ResultsA total of 292 geriatric cancer drug trials were identified, of which 287 were single-region studies, 219 were initiated by academic groups, and 55 (18.8%) were terminated. Decreasing trends in the annual number of all trials (−9.2% per year) and the annual number of trials by academic groups (−9.4%) were observed over time. Of the geriatric trials, 183 were conducted in Asia; this number was significantly higher than that in Europe (74), North America (37), Oceania (4), and South America (1). Similar difference was found in participation rate in trials by academic groups ranging from 71.7% in Asia to 0.5% in South America. Of the trials, 19 and 97 were initiated before drug and indication approval, respectively, and the remaining 176 were initiated after indication approval. Phase II trials accounted for the highest proportion of trials (213, 72.9%), while phase I trials accounted for the lowest proportion (14, 4.8%). Trials by academic groups had a higher termination rate (21.5% vs. 11.0%) and fewer were phase IV trials (8.2% vs. 21.9%). Treatment was explored for 16 different cancers, with lung, colorectal and breast cancers being the most common.ConclusionGeriatric trials of solid tumor drugs are scarce and partially prematurely terminated. Moreover, the number of geriatric trials has decreased and differs according to region. Global guidance and regulatory supervision are needed to facilitate the acquisition of adequate evidence on drug risk-benefit profiles in older adults, and thus to achieve high-quality care and safe medication.
Association of inflammation and cognition in the elderly: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Leonardo Sofia , Fregni Felipe 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundThe development of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) may be associated with an inflammatory process. Inflammatory cytokines may be a surrogate for systemic inflammation leading to worsening neurological function. We aim to investigate the association between cognitive impairment and inflammation by pooling and analyzing the data from previously published studies.MethodsWe performed a systematic literature search on MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus for prospective longitudinal and cross-sectional studies evaluating the relationship between inflammation and cognitive functions.ResultsA total of 79 articles were included in our systematic review and meta-analysis. Pooled estimates from cross-sectional studies have demonstrated an increased level of C-reactive protein (CRP) [Hedges’s g 0.35, 95% CI (0.16, 0.55), p &lt; 0.05], IL-1β [0.94, 95% CI (−0.04, 1.92), p &lt; 0.05], interleukin-6 (IL-6) [0.46, 95% CI (0.05, 0.88), p &lt; 0.005], TNF alpha [0.22, 95% CI (−0.24, 0.68), p &lt; 0.05], sTNFR-1 [0.74, 95% CI (0.46, 1.02), p &lt; 0.05] in AD compared to controls. Similarly, higher levels of IL-1β [0.17, 95% CI (0.05, 0.28), p &lt; 0.05], IL-6 [0.13, 95% CI (0.08, 0.18), p &lt; 0.005], TNF alpha [0.28, 95% CI (0.07, 0.49), p &lt; 0.05], sTNFR-1 [0.21, 95% CI (0.05, 0.48), p &lt; 0.05] was also observed in MCI vs. control samples. The data from longitudinal studies suggested that levels of IL-6 significantly increased the risk of cognitive decline [OR = 1.34, 95% CI (1.13, 1.56)]. However, intermediate levels of IL-6 had no significant effect on the final clinical endpoint [OR = 1.06, 95% CI (0.8, 1.32)].ConclusionThe data from cross-sectional studies suggest a higher level of inflammatory cytokines in AD and MCI as compared to controls. Moreover, data from longitudinal studies suggest that the risk of cognitive deterioration may increase by high IL-6 levels. According to our analysis, CRP, antichymotrypsin (ACT), Albumin, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha may not be good surrogates for neurological degeneration over time.
Prader–Willi syndrome: Symptoms and topiramate response in light of genetics
Authors: Louveau Cécile , Turtulici Mimi-Caterina , Consoli Angèle , Poitou Christine , Coupaye Muriel , Krebs Marie-Odile , Chaumette Boris , Iftimovici Anton 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionPrader–Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic condition, which affects one in 25,000 births and results in various phenotypes. It leads to a wide range of metabolic and endocrine disorders including growth delay, hypogonadism, narcolepsy, lack of satiety and compulsive eating, associated with mild to moderate cognitive impairment. Prognosis is especially determined by the complications of obesity (diabetes, cardiorespiratory diseases) and by severe behavioral disorders marked by impulsivity and compulsion. This heterogeneous clinical picture may lead to mis- or delayed diagnosis of comorbidities. Moreover, when diagnosis is made, treatment remains limited, with high interindividual differences in drug response. This may be due to the underlying genetic variability of the syndrome, which can involve several different genetic mutations, notably deletion or uniparental disomy (UPD) in a region of chromosome 15. Here, we propose to determine whether subjects with PWS differ for clinical phenotype and treatment response depending on the underlying genetic anomaly.MethodsWe retrospectively included all 24 PWS patients who were referred to the Reference Center for Rare Psychiatric Disorders (GHU Paris Psychiatrie and Neurosciences) between November 2018 and July 2022, with either deletion (N = 8) or disomy (N = 16). The following socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were recorded: age, sex, psychiatric and non-psychiatric symptoms, the type of genetic defect, medication and treatment response to topiramate, which was evaluated in terms of eating compulsions and impulsive behaviors. We compared topiramate treatment doses and responses between PWS with deletion and those with disomy. Non-parametric tests were used with random permutations for p-value and bootstrap 95% confidence interval computations.ResultsFirst, we found that disomy was associated with a more severe clinical phenotype than deletion. Second, we observed that topiramate was less effective and less tolerated in disomy, compared to deletion.DiscussionThese results suggest that a pharmacogenomic-based approach may be relevant for the treatment of compulsions in PWS, thus highlighting the importance of personalized medicine for such complex heterogeneous disorders.
Development of a quantitative measurement on visual clutter in see through display
Authors: Liu Qingfeng , Wang Yanyan , Bai Yu , Yu Mengsun , Cao Zhengtao , Yu Xinli , Ding Li 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveWith the wide use of transmission displays to improve operation performance, the display information highlights clutter because of the contradiction between the massive amount of information and limited display area. Our study aimed to develop a quantitative measurement for declutter design and appraisal.MethodsUsing the ergonomics research system of characters and symbols in a see-through cockpit display, we set the simulated flight task interface at four pixel scale levels by enlarging all the display elements in a certain ratio. Flight task videos of 12 clutter degrees were recorded using each flight interface matched with three flight scene complexity levels. A total of 60 pilots completed the visual search tasks in the flight task video while the eye tracker was used to record the view path in real time. Visual search performance was analyzed to study the effect of various clutter factors and levels on pilots’ performance in visual search tasks, and acquire quantitative clutter measure parameters.ResultsGLM univariate test revealed that there were significant differences among the fixation time in areas of interest (AOI), total Fixation point number, total fixation time at four pixel scale levels, and three flight scene complexity levels (P &lt; 0.05). Visual search performance declined after the cutoff point, while the clutter degree increased. According to the visual search performance data, the recommend feature congestion upper pixel number limit in a 600*800 display was 18,576, and the pixel ratio was 3.87%.ConclusionA quantitative measurement for declutter design and appraisal of cockpit displays was developed, which can be used to support see-through display design.
Effects of kiwi fruit (Actinidia chinensis) polysaccharides on metabolites and gut microbiota of acrylamide-induced mice
Authors: Chen Mengyin , Chen Xuefeng , Wang Ketang , Cai Luyang , Liu Nannan , Zhou Duan , Jia Wei , Gong Pin , Liu Ning , Sun Yujiao 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionKiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) has rich nutritious and medicinal properties. It is widely consumed worldwide for the intervention of metabolism disorders, however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Acrylamide, a well-known toxic ingredient, mainly forms in high-temperature processed carbohydrate-rich food and causes disorders of gut microbiota and systemic metabolism.MethodsThis study explored the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of kiwifruit polysaccharides against acrylamide-induced disorders of gut microbiota and systemic metabolism by measuring the changes of gut microbiota and serum metabolites in mice.ResultsThe results showed that kiwifruit polysaccharides remarkably alleviated acrylamide-induced toxicity in mice by improving their body features, histopathologic morphology of the liver, and decreased activities of liver function enzymes. Furthermore, the treatment restored the healthy gut microbiota of mice by improving the microbial diversity and abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus. Metabolomics analysis revealed the positive effects of kiwifruit polysaccharides mainly occurred through amino and bile acid-related metabolism pathways including nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, primary bile acid biosynthesis, and alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism. Additionally, correlation analysis indicated that Lactobacillus exhibited a highly significant correlation with critical metabolites of bile acid metabolism.DiscussionConcisely, kiwifruit polysaccharides may protect against acrylamide-induced toxicity by regulating gut microbiota and metabolism.
Transcription factor E2F8 is a therapeutic target in the basal-like subtype of breast cancer
Authors: Zheng Jing , Huang Jingyi , Xia Jinquan , Zhou Wenbin , Dai Lingyun , Lin Sihang , Gao Lin , Zou Chang 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionTumorigenesis in breast cancers usually accompanied by the dysregulation of transcription factors (TFs). Abnormal amplification of TFs leads aberrant expression of its downstream target genes. However, breast cancers are heterogeneous disease with different subtypes that have distinguished clinical behaviours, and the identification of prognostic TFs may enable to provide diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer based on subtypes, especially in Basal-like breast cancer.MethodsThe RNA-sequencing was performed to screen differential TFs in breast cancer subtypes. The GEPIA dataset analysis was used to analyze the genes expression in invasive breast carcinoma. The expression of MYBL2, HOXC13, and E2F8 was verified by qRT-PCR assay in breast cancers. The depiction analysis of co-expressed proteins was revealed using the STRING datasets. The cellular infiltration level analysis by the TISIDB and TIMER databases. The transwell assay was performed to analyze cellular migration and invasion. CCK-8 assay was used to evaluate cellular drug susceptibility for docetaxel treatment. Predicted targeted drugs in breast cancers by GSCA Lite database online.ResultsKaplan-Meier plotter suggested that high expression of both E2F8 and MYBL2 in Basal-like subtype had a poor relapse-free survival. Functional enrichment results identified that apoptosis, cell cycle, and hormone ER pathway were represented the crucial regulation pathways by both E2F8 and MYBL2. In the meantime, database analysis indicated that high expression of E2F8 responded to chemotherapy, while those patients of high expression of MYBL2 responded to endocrinotherapy, and a positive correlation between the expression of E2F8 and PD-L1/CTLA4. Our cell line experiments confirmed the importance of E2F8 and MYBL2 in proliferation and chemotherapy sensitivity, possibly, the relationship with PD-L1. Additionally, we also observed that the up-regulation of E2F8 was accompanied with higher enrichments of CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells in breast cancers. ConclusionTaken together, our findings elucidated a prospective target in Basal-like breast cancer, providing underlying molecular biomarkers for the development of breast cancer treatment.
Network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental verification reveal the mechanism of San-Huang decoction in treating acute kidney injury
Authors: Liu Jiahui , Li Zhongtang , Lao Yunlan , Jin Xiaoming , Wang Yuzhi , Jiang Beibei , He Riming , Yang Shudong 
Published: February 2023

Background: Cisplatin is an effective anti-tumor drug. However, its usage is constrained by side effects such as nephron toxicity. Cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) appears in approximately 20%–30% of cases. Hence, finding an effective protective strategy is necessary. San-Huang decoction (SHD) is a Chinese herbal decoction with good efficacy in treating chronic kidney disease (CKD). Nevertheless, the mechanism of SHD on AKI remains unclear. Consequently, we proposed to explore the potential mechanism of SHD against cisplatin-induced AKI.Methods: Active compounds, core target proteins, and associated signaling pathways of SHD were predicted through network pharmacology. Then confirmed by molecular docking. In vivo experiment, Cisplatin + SHD group was treated with SHD (6.5 g/kg/day) for 6 days before building the model. An AKI model was established with a single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin at 20 mg/kg. After 72 h of cisplatin injection, all mice were sacrificed to collect blood and kidney tissues for verification of network pharmacology analysis.Results: We found that calycosin, rhein, and ginsenoside Rh2 may be SHD’s primary active compounds in treating cisplatin-induced AKI, and AKT, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, caspase-3, and MMP9 are the core target proteins. The relationship between the compound and target protein was further confirmed by molecular docking. The Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses predicted that SHD has an anti-inflammatory role through the TNF and IL-17 signaling pathway. Moreover, Western blot and immunohistochemistry validated the potential molecular mechanisms of SHD, predicted from network pharmacology analysis. The mechanism of cisplatin-induced AKI involves apoptosis and inflammation. In apoptosis, Caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, and Bax proteins were down-regulated, while Bcl-2 was up-regulated by SHD. The differential expression of MMP protein is involved in the pathological process of AKI. MMP9 protects from glomerular tubule damage. MMP9 and PI3K/AKT anti-apoptosis pathway were up-regulated by SHD. In addition, we discovered that SHD alleviated AKI by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway.Conclusion: SHD plays a critical role in anti-inflammation and anti-apoptosis via inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway and activating PI3K/AKT anti-apoptosis pathway, indicating that SHD is a candidate herbal drug for further investigation in treating cisplatin-induced AKI.
Identification of the molecular characteristics associated with microsatellite status of colorectal cancer patients for the clinical application of immunotherapy
Authors: Fu Jie , Jin Xiaoxin , Chen Weidong , Chen Zongyao , Wu Peidong , Xiao Wang , Liu Yuhang , Deng Shuangya 
Published: February 2023

Background: Mismatch repair-proficient (pMMR) microsatellite stability (MSS) in colorectal cancer (CRC) indicates an unfavorable therapeutic response to immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, the molecular characteristics of CRC patients with pMMR MSS remain largely unknown.Methods: Heterogeneities between mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) microsatellite instability (MSI) and pMMR MSS CRC patients were investigated at the single-cell level. Next, an MSS-related risk score was constructed by single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). The differences in immune and functional characteristics between the high- and low-score groups were systematically analyzed.Results: Based on the single-cell RNA (scRNA) atlas, an MSS-specific cancer cell subpopulation was identified. By taking the intersection of the significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between different cancer cell subtypes of the single-cell training and validation cohorts, 29 MSS-specific cancer cell marker genes were screened out for the construction of the MSS-related risk score. This risk score signature could efficiently separate pMMR MSS CRC patients into two subtypes with significantly different immune characteristics. The interactions among the different cell types were stronger in the MSS group than in the MSI group, especially for the outgoing signals of the cancer cells. In addition, functional differences between the high- and low-score groups were preliminarily investigated.Conclusion: In this study, we constructed an effective risk model to classify pMMR MSS CRC patients into two completely different groups based on the specific genes identified by single-cell analysis to identify potential CRC patients sensitive to immunotherapy and screen effective synergistic targets.