bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Recruitment Maneuvers on Oxygen Saturation, End Tidal Carbon Dioxide and Lung Mechanics in Pressure Control Ventilation Versus Volume Control Ventilation for Patient Undergoing Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy
Authors: Al Saad Sabah N. 
Published: August 2023

Background: Atelectasis occurs regularly after induction of general anesthesia in bariatric surgery, persists postoperatively, and may contribute to significant postoperative morbidity. Intraoperative recruitment maneuver improve lung ventilation, oxygenation and lung mechanics.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of recruitment maneuver on oxygen saturation, end tidal carbon dioxide and lung mechanics in two Groups; the volume control group and pressure control group with fixed level of PEEP.
Patient and Method: Forty patients, BMI >35 kg/ m2, who have no major obstructive or restrictive respiratory disorders where allocated in two groups (volume group and pressure group). In both groups we tested the effect of recruitment maneuver on SpO2, ETCO2 and lung mechanics (The volume group of 20 patients and the pressure group of 20 patients).
Results: We found that alveolar recruitment effectively decreased Intraoperative EtCO2 in pressure group ( P.value <0.05) while ( P.value was>0.05 ) for volume group and increase Intraoperative SpO2in BOTH groups ( P.value < 0.05) with more effect seen in pressure group. BUT, soon after extubation SpO2 decreases again and P.value was >0.05 for both groups.
Also we found that pulmonary mechanics (PIP, EXPvt) were significantly improved after recruitment (BOTH P.value < 0.05).
Conclusions: our data suggest that the use of alveolar recruitment maneuver may be an effective mode of improving intraoperative oxygenation in morbidly obese patients. Our results showed that the effect is to be short lived and end after extubation. with significant improvement in lung mechanics.
Role of atropine in prevention of reflex bradycardia in response to awaked intubation in neonatal anesthesia
Authors: Ramadhan Saeed G. , Salman Iyad A. , Jabbar Mohammad A. 
Published: August 2023

Background: Neonates (0–1 months) have different anesthetic requirements. Safe anesthetic management depends on full appreciation of the physiological, anatomic, and pharmacological characteristics of this age group. One of important difference in neonates is easy development of reflex bradycardia and cardiac standstill during anesthesia. These characteristics, differentiate them from adults, and necessitate modification of anesthetic equipment, medications, and techniques.
Objectives: To evaluate the role of atropine in prevention of reflex bradycardia in neonatal anesthesia.
Patients and methods: This is a prospective study done on 30 neonate patients in Baghdad teaching hospital/Baghdad /Iraq during the period from January - July/ 2009. Neonates that underwent major surgical operations, were randomly allocated into two groups, group (A) received atropine(0.015mg/kg) 5 minutes before awake intubation and group (B) (control group) received no atropine. Heart rate was recorded at pre-induction and during intubation then anesthesia was maintained in a similar way in both groups.
Result: the results reported in this study indicate that the pre-induction with i.v. atropine was associated with a statistically significant decrease in the incidence rate of reflex bradycardia (below 100 beat/min or reduction in HR > 20% of basal heart rate) during intubation from 96.65% in the group (B) (control group) to 26.6 % in the group (A) (atropine group) In addition the magnitude of reduction in heart rate was lower by a mean of 22% in the atropine group compared to the mean reduction 41% in group (B
Conclusion: Pre-induction with IV atropine decrease in the incidence of reflex bradycardia during intubation from 96.65% in the control group (B) to 26.6% in the atropine group (A). Pre-induction of atropine reduces the magnitude of heart rate reduction during intubation by a mean of 22% compared to 41% in control group.
Effect of ureteric stone location on the success rate of ureteroscopic Holmium laser lithotripsy
Authors: Ahmed Mohamed F. , Othman Asaad I. , Mohammad Uday H. 
Published: August 2023

Background: Ureteral stone can cause obstructive uropathy and subsequent deterioration of renal function. There are four treatment options for ureteral calculi: lithotripsy, ureteroscopy, laparoscopic ureterolithotomy, and open stone surgery. Holmium YAG laser is an excellent intracorporial lithotripter for all kinds of stones. Accordingly, there is steady increase in number of ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy operations in the managmant of Ureteral stone.
Objectives: this study was designed to demonstrate the effect of ureteric stone location on the success rate of ureteroscopic Holmium laser lithotripsy in the management of ureteric stones.
Patients and Methods: Ninety middle-aged patients of either sex (35.9 ± 10.8 years) with ureteric stone (9.5 ± 3 mm) were treated with semiregid ureteroscopy using Holmuim: YAG laser as an intracorporial lithotripter. In 32 patients (35%) the stone were located in the lower ureter, 22 patients (24%) in middle ureter and in 36 patients (40%) in the upper ureter. Then all the patients were followed up on day 1 and 4 weeks for clearance of stone by plain abdominal radiography and abdominal ultrasonography.
Results: the stone free rates 4 weeks after the treatment were 66% for upper, 75 % for middle and 87.5% for lower ureteric stones. In 12 patients (13%)cannot be possible to reach the stone, six patients (6.6 %) had proximal stone migration and treated later on by extracorporeal lithotripsy after double-J stent placement. Ureteral perforation occurred in 7 patients (7.7%), all managed by double-J stent placement except 1patient needed an open surgical treatment..
Conclusion: YAG laser lithotripsy is efficacious modality of treatment for ureteric stones especially in lower ureter and it is a safe and technically feasible and in early experience, it is preferred to start with more distal stones.
Impact of differing eccentric-concentric phase durations on muscle damage and anabolic hormones
Authors: Kizilay Fatma , Emin Kafkas Muhammed , Çağatay Taşkapan Mehmet , Haydar Demirel Ali , Radak Zsolt 
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND: Resistance exercises are widely used to enhance muscle hypertrophy. Hypertrophy occurs with effect of mechanical loading, metabolic stress, and muscle damage. The time under tension in eccentric, isometric, and concentric phases of resistance exercises can alter muscle damage and anabolic hormone responses. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to reveal the effect of the time spent in the concentric and eccentric phases of the movement on muscle damage and anabolic hormone response during resistance exercise. METHODS: Ten male subjects participated in the study. A, B, C tempo protocols were created by changing the time under tension to be 1 or 2 seconds in the eccentric and concentric phases of bench press and squat movements. In all protocols, isometric phases were 0 sec. The metronome was used to apply tempos. Blood samples were taken before each protocol, after administration, and in the 24[Formula: see text], 48[Formula: see text] and 72[Formula: see text] hours after exercise; and serum insulin, testosterone, Insuline-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1), Creatine Kinase (CK) and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were evaluated. RESULTS: Time-wise changes in CK were statistically different for all protocols ([Formula: see text] 0.05). CK levels in the 24[Formula: see text] hour of the protocol C and the 48[Formula: see text] hour of the protocol B were significantly higher than those in the other protocols ([Formula: see text] 0.05). IGF-1 and testosterone levels were significantly higher in the protocol B in the post-test, compared to the other protocols ([Formula: see text] 0.05). Insulin levels in the 24[Formula: see text] hour were significantly higher in the protocol B compared to those in others ([Formula: see text] 0.05). Time-wise changes in LDH parameters were not statistically significant in any hours ([Formula: see text] 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Extending time under tension in the eccentric phase of a bout of resistance exercise appears to affect the anabolic hormone response and muscle damage. In this way, increased metabolic response and mechanical stress can induce muscle mass gain.
Comparison of trunk muscle activity while lifting objects of expected and unexpected weight with and without low back pain
Authors: Sekine Chie , Hayashi Haruna , Hirabayashi Ryo , Yokota Hirotake , Saisu Kazusa , Takabayashi Tomoya , Edama Mutsuaki 
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND: Lifting heavy objects can induce postural stress and low back pain. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the effect of object weight expectations on trunk muscle activity and assess trunk muscle activity in people with chronic low back pain. METHODS: Twenty-two male college students (11 healthy and 11 participants with chronic low back pain) were recruited. The procedure was performed in three settings: lifting an expected 5-kg object, lifting an unexpected 10-kg object, and lifting an expected 10-kg object. Lifting was divided into five phases, and the muscle activity in each phase was compared between groups (chronic low back pain/control), object weight predictions, and phases. RESULTS: Compared to the control group, the chronic low back pain group had higher erector spinae muscle activity, regardless of weight or prediction, and significantly higher rectus femoris muscle activity in the early lifting phase of the expected 10-kg object ([Formula: see text] 0.043). Compared to when lifting the expected 10-kg object, erector spinae muscle activity was higher in the early lifting phase of the control group when lifting the unexpected 10-kg object ([Formula: see text] 0.016). CONCLUSIONS: Healthy individuals and individuals with chronic low back pain had different recruitment strategies for lifting objects heavier than predicted.
Exploring the Complex Phenotypes of Impaired Finger Dexterity in Mild-to-moderate Stage Parkinson’s Disease: A Time-Series Analysis
Authors: Panyakaew Pattamon , Duangjino Kotchakorn , Kerddonfag Apiwoot , Ploensin Teerit , Piromsopa Krerk , Kongkamol Chanon , Bhidayasiri Roongroj 
Published: August 2023

Background: Impaired dexterity is an early motor symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD) that significantly impacts the daily activity of patients; however, what constitutes complex dexterous movements remains controversial. Objective: To explore the characteristics of finger dexterity in mild-to-moderate stage PD. Methods: We quantitatively assessed finger dexterity in 48 mild-to-moderate stage PD patients and 49 age-matched controls using a simple alternating two-finger typing test for 15 seconds. Time-series analyses of various kinematic parameters with machine learning were compared between sides and groups. Results: Both the more and less affected hands of patients with PD had significantly lower typing frequency and slower typing velocity than the non-dominant and the dominant hands of controls ( p = 0.019, p = 0.016, p < 0.001, p < 0.001). The slope of the typing velocity decreased with time, indicating a sequence effect in the PD group. A typing duration of 6 seconds was determined sufficient to discriminate PD patients from controls. Typing error, repetition, and repetition rate were significantly higher in the more affected hands of patients with PD than in the non-dominant hand of controls ( p < 0.001, p = 0.03, p < 0.001). The error rate was constant, whereas the repetition rate was steep during the initiation of typing. A predictive model of the more affected hand demonstrated an accuracy of 70% in differentiating PD patients from controls. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated complex components of impaired finger dexterity in mild-to-moderate stage PD, namely bradykinesia with sequence effects, error, and repetition at the initiation of movement, suggesting that multiple neural networks may be involved in dexterity deficits in PD.
Explaining the W-boson Mass in the Context of the Supersymmetric 331 Model
Authors: Rodriguez Marcos 
Published: August 2023

We present the Minimal Supersymmetric 331 Model as a possibility to resolve the recent excess at the \(W\)-boson mass reported by the CDF collaboration, using a new sextet Higgs boson. If this scalar field, \(S^{\prime}\), obtains a vacuum expectation value of a few GeV, we will also analyze the boson masses for all new extra gauge bosons from this model, namely \(Z^{\prime}, V^{\pm}\) and \(U^{\pm \pm}\) and their mixing. We will show that all the masses of these new gauge bosons are in agreement with current experimental limits.
Dataset for Stereotype Threat Contributes to Poorer Recall Performance Among Undergraduate Students with Problematic Drinking Patterns
Authors: Johnstone Samantha , Courtenay Kesia , Girard Todd 
Published: August 2023

<p>Summary participant-level data reported in "Stereotype Threat Contributes to Poorer Recall Performance Among Undergraduate Students with Problematic Drinking Patterns" (Johnstone et al. 2023). The Toronto Metropolitan University REB approved the project in accordance with the Canadian Tri-Council Policy Statement (TCPS2) on ethical conduct for research involving humans and all participants provided informed consent and were debriefed at the end.</p>
A Relevance-Theoretic Approach to the Subtitle Translation of Farewell My Concubine
Authors: Li Qidi 
Published: August 2023

This paper investigates the subtitle translation of the film Farewell My Concubine from a relevance-theoretic perspective. The Chinese film Farewell My Concubine has been well-received in China as well as in other parts of the world and marked a milestone in Chinese film history. Its subtitle is rich in Chinese culture-loaded words, which may pose difficulties for both the translator to translate and for the oversea audience to understand. To explore the reasons for the warm reception of the subtitle translation of Farewell My Concubine among international audiences, this paper takes a relevance-theoretic approach to analyze the translation of culture-loaded expressions in the film, including mainly three types: Beijing Opera jargon, the Beijing dialect, and Chinese idioms. Through a detailed case study, this paper finds that the translator flexibly uses different translation strategies, such as domestication and foreignization, for different texts and contexts to cater to the audience’s cognitive environment. Meanwhile, the translator also takes into account the features of subtitles, which are often limited by time and space, and accordingly makes reasonable omissions of the translated texts. From the perspective of relevance theory, the translator realizes optimal relevance and delivers the subtitle information accurately to the target audience. This paper also proves that relevance theory, as a cognitive pragmatic approach to communication, is a useful tool for translation studies.
Depiction of Women in Arabic Proverbs: Pragma-Discoursal Analysis
Authors: Jendeya Hadil 
Published: August 2023

This study investigates women's representation in Arabic proverbs, specifically those from Palestinian, Omani, Yamani, and Sudanese cultures, to answer the following questions: (1)Do these proverbs usually depict women as having low status? (2)What linguistic techniques are used in these proverbs the most frequently? (3)How is the intersection between critical discourse analysis and pragmatics manifested in these proverbs? (4)What are the most common character traits attributed to women in these proverbs? The study applied a descriptive method in its analysis of 106 Arabic proverbs from the Sudanese, Omani, Yamani and Palestinian cultures. First, it was determined whether all of the proverbs reflected poor status for women. Second, a linguistic configuration was performed in addition to focusing on the functions of pragmatics and discourse analysis to identify the most prominent linguistic and pragmatic patterns and their associated interpretations. Third, the numbers and percentages of positive and negative traits were calculated. The study comes to the conclusion most of the Arabic proverbs depict low status for women. Lexical cohesion, rhyme, lexemes and feminine anthroponyms are the most common linguistic tactics utilized in proverbs. Negative proverbs are more common than positive ones in their depiction of women's representation, and the common attributes attributed to women in proverbs are being unfocused, wicked and ill-natured. In fact, this study demonstrates how the language of proverbs reflects women's inferiority compared to men in earlier cultures.
In-Silico Design and Evaluation of the Anti-Wolbachia Potential of Boron-Pleuromutilins
Authors: Ugbe Fabian Audu , Shallangwa Gideon Adamu , Uzairu Adamu , Abdulkadir Ibrahim 
Published: August 2023

Filariasis (Lymphatic filariasis and Onchocerciasis) is a common neglected tropical disease caused by parasitic nematodes called filarial worms, which often host the Wolbachia bacteria. A good treatment approach seeks Wolbachia as a drug target. Here, a computer-aided design of some boron-pleuromutilin analogs was conducted using the ligand-based drug design approach while performing molecular docking investigation and pharmacokinetics analyses to evaluate their drug-likeness properties. The newly designed compounds (49a, 49b, and 49c) showed improved inhibitory activities (pEC50) over those of the template and the clinically relevant pleuromutilins (retapamulin and lefamulin) in the order; 49b (pEC50 = 9.0409) > 49c (8.8175) > 49a (8.5930) > template (49) (8.4222) > retapamulin (6.7403) > lefamulin (6.1369). Standard docking performed with OTU deubiquitinase (6W9O) revealed the order of binding energies; 49c (-88.07 kcal/mol) > 49b (-84.26 kcal/mol) > doxycycline (-83.70 kcal/mol) > template (-82.57 kcal/mol) > 49a (-78.43 kcal/mol) > lefamulin (-76.83 kcal/mol) > retapamulin (-76.78 kcal/mol), with the new compounds all showing good pharmacological interactions with the receptor’s amino acids. The new analogs were also predicted to be orally bioavailable with better pharmacokinetic profiles than the template, retapamulin, lefamulin, and doxycycline having no more than one violation of Lipinski’s ROF. Therefore, the newly designed compounds could be considered potential anti-filarial drug candidates.
Budaya Partisipatif Stakeholder Dalam Mewujudkan Sekolah Yang Bermutu di SMP IT Al Ghazali Modern School Palangka Raya
Authors: Syarif Ahmad 
Published: August 2023

Budaya partisipatif stakeholder internal di sekolah adalah salah satu usaha yang dilakukan untuk mewujudkan sekolah yang bermutu sehingga perlu dijabarkan setiap komponennya. Penjabaran budaya parisipatif komponen stakeholder internal tersebut meliputi guru, siswa, orang tua serta staff administrasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjabarkan budaya yang dibentuk masing-masing komponen stakeholder internal dalam mewujudkan sekolah yang bermutu di SMP IT Al Ghazali Modern School Palangka Raya. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini secara deskriptif kualitatif dengan melihat fenomena budaya partisipatif stakeholder internal sebagai objek dan komponen stakeholder internal sebagai subjek. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui obseravsi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini budaya partisipatif stakeholder internal dengan komponen guru, siswa, orang tua dan staff administrasi sekolah saling berhubungan satu sama lain dalam mewujudkan sekolah yang bermutu dan memiliki perbedaan karakteristik dengan sekolah-sekolah lain. Wujud dari budaya yang dimaksud meliputi budaya disiplin guru, tanggungjawab dengan tidak meninggalkan lingkungan sekolah, guru yang menjadi garda terdepan dalam memberikan pengetahuan baik pokok maupun tambahan kepada siswa. Siswa yang memiliki tanggungjawab akademis dan aktualisasi diri melalui program dan kegiatan yang dicanangkan sekolah. Orang tua yang memiliki rasa kepedulian tinggi terhadap sekolah yang diawali dengan pelibatan dalam berbagai kegiatan. Terakhir adalah staff yang professional dalam mengoganisasikan pekerjaan, transparan dan akuntabel dalam pencatatan administrasi keuangan yang bersumber dari siswa.
A TRAJETÓRIA EDUCACIONAL DA JUVENTUDE NEGRA MASCULINA
Authors: Restier da Costa Souza Henrique 
Published: August 2023

Este artigo procurou apresentar de forma sintética e panorâmica os espaços sociais ocupados pelos homens negros no sistema educacional brasileiro e seus inúmeros desafios. Metodologicamente, sem nos atermos a nenhum grande arcabouço teórico específico, utilizamos duas abordagens: pesquisas quantitativas que se debruçaram sobre a trajetória educacional desse grupo do ensino básico até a pós-graduação e qualitativo, com alguns exemplos concretos de ações afirmativas preocupadas com a relação entre gênero (masculino e feminino), raça e educação. De modo geral, entendemos que as pesquisas, sobretudo quantitativas, que trabalham com o recorte racial e de gênero masculino, se encontram dispersas, dificultando um olhar mais geral e organizado sobre as trajetórias e dificuldades que os homens negros enfrentam na educação. Desse modo, não ganha densidade no debate público, e repercussão nas políticas educacionais. Diante dessa configuração, fizemos a seguinte pergunta: Seria legítimo a adoção de ações afirmativas voltadas prioritária ou exclusivamente para os homens negros na educação?

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Educação. Juventude negra masculina. Ações afirmativas.
Формування фонологічної компетенції у дітей із тяжкими порушеннями мовлення
Authors: ТРОФИМЕНКО Людмила 
Published: August 2023

У статті представлено систему формування фонологічної складової мовленнєвої діяльності, в основу якої покладено дослідження Є. Соботович, розроблені з позицій психолінгвістичного підходу. Психолінгвістичний підхід спрямований на попередження і корекцію порушень шляхом формування незасвоєних мовних структур через розвиток психологічних механізмів, що формують і забезпечують ці структури. Відповідно, корекційна робота зорієнтована на формування тих психологічних механізмів, що забезпечують спонтанний та саморегульований розвиток мовлення за умов типового розвитку і розкривають можливості для перетворення мовлення дитини на повноцінну систему.
Формування фонологічної компетенції має на меті розвиток різних складових мовленнєвої системи: спрямованості уваги на фонологічну структуру слова, перцептивного рівня слухового сприймання, слухової пам’яті, слухового контролю (самоконтролю), фонематичних уявлень, різних форм звукового аналізу. На цій основі відбувається підготовка до оволодіння фонетичного і пов’язаного з ним фонемно-морфологiчного принципів правопису та попередження дисграфії.
Одним із наявних порушень мовлення у дітей є порушення звуковимови, яке стає перешкодою для оволодіння фонологічною складовою мовної системи, особливо у процесі підготовки дитини до вивчення мови як предмета у школі. Специфіка навчання школярів початкових класів із тяжкими порушеннями мовлення полягає в тому, що на момент вступу до школи рівень їхніх практичних мовленнєвих навичок не досягає достатнього рівня. Наразі цей факт має велике значення для навчання таких дітей в інклюзивних класах. Наявне базове мовленнєве порушення впливає на стан розвитку фонологічної складової мовлення. У свою чергу, в процесі засвоєння морфологічних мовних систем великого значення набуває питання опанування дитиною звукової структури слова, оскільки фонеми є «будівельним матеріалом» морфем, слів, словосполучень, речень, тексту. Ці знання забезпечуються складною системою розумових операцій з фонологічними одиницями мови, що поступово формуються.
У процесі корекційної роботи формування фонологічної складової у дітей з мовленнєвими порушеннями відбувається поетапно, що і репрезентовано в статті. У результаті такого впливу у дітей формуються успішні передумови розвитку фонологічної компетенції.