bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient prediction of MRI gradient‐induced heating for guiding safety testing of conductive implants
Authors: Zanovello Umberto , Fuss Carina , Arduino Alessandro , Bottauscio Oriano 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeTo propose an efficient numerical method to predict the temperature increase of an implantable medical device induced by any linearly polarized homogeneous magnetic field, according to the ISO 10974 methodology for testing of gradient‐induced device heating.Theory and MethodsThe concepts of device‐specific power and temperature tensors are introduced to mathematically describe the electromagnetic and thermal anisotropic behavior of the device, from which the device heating for an arbitrary exposure direction can be predicted. The proposed method is compared to a brute‐force approach based on simulations, and validated by applying it to four reference orthopedic implants with a commercial simulation software.ResultsThe proposed method requires about 5 of the time required by the brute‐force approach, and 30 of the memory occupancy. The temperature increase predicted by the proposed method over a range of incident magnetic field exposures deviated from brute‐force direct simulations by less than 0.3.ConclusionThe proposed method allows efficient prediction of the heating of an implantable medical device induced by any linearly polarized homogeneous magnetic field using a small fraction of the simulations required by the brute‐force approach. The results can be used to predict the worst‐case orientation of the gradient field, for subsequent experimental characterization according to the ISO 10974 standard.
Trendbericht Lebensmittelchemie 2023
Authors: Loos Helene M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHören, sehen, riechen, schmecken, fühlen – mit unseren Sinnen nehmen wir Informationen über unsere Umwelt auf. So können wir die Qualität von Lebensmitteln einschätzen, aber auch – teils ohne es zu merken – mit unseren Mitmenschen kommunizieren. Gerade die Forschung zur chemischen Kommunikation beim Menschen erlebt nach Jahrzehnten einen erneuten Aufschwung in der Aroma‐ und Geruchsforschung, einem Teilbereich der Lebensmittelchemie.
Blickpunkt Biowissenschaften: Tintenfische schmecken anders
Authors: Groß Michael 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDie Idee, dass nur Wirbeltiere komplexe Formen und höhere Intelligenz entwickeln können, haben Tintenfische längst über den Haufen geworfen. Jetzt zeigen strukturbiologische Untersuchungen, wie sich die Geschmackswahrnehmung in ihren Armen entwickelte.
Gefahrstoffverordnung: Stoffe und Verfahren ersetzen
Authors: Klemeyer Horst 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBei der Beratung zu Substitutionsprüfungen sind für einen Stoff etwa Luftgrenzwerte und Aufnahmewege zu berücksichtigen. Dabei hilft ein Spaltenmodell. Beispiele zeigen, wie sich dabei Prüfungsmethoden kombinieren lassen.
The role of free‐strain assumption in axisymmetric electro‐osmosis‐enhanced preloading consolidation of unsaturated soil
Authors: Jiang Lianghua , Qin Aifang , Li Linzhong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe axisymmetric, equal‐strain consolidation theory of soil is widely employed in engineering due to the user‐friendliness of its solution. However, the radially averaged excess pore pressure (EPP) is unable to reveal the coupling effect of the radial electric field when the soil is consolidated by electro‐osmotic and surcharge preloading. In this paper, the axisymmetric consolidation analytical models with free strain and equal strain assumptions are developed to investigate the importance of the free strain assumption in the consolidation of unsaturated soil by electro‐osmosis‐aided preloading. The finite Hankel transform, decoupling technique, and Laplace transform are then utilised to derive the semi‐analytical solutions. Finally, the comparison of EPP, surface settlement, and average degree of consolidation under the two assumptions reveals that the free‐strain solution accurately shows the distribution of EPP at any point in the soils and the development of surface settlement at different radii, thus helping to analyse the electro‐osmotic consolidation characteristics. Moreover, it was discovered that electro‐osmosis combined with preloading allows for a more uniform consolidation of unsaturated soil. The difference in the average degree of consolidation under both assumptions is insignificant, while the installation distance of the cathode and anode vertical wells has a significant effect.
Efficient imaging using spiral acquisitions on a portable 50‐mT MR head scanner
Authors: Zhang Yuxiang , He Wei , Yang Lei , Xuan Liang , Wu Jiamin , He Yucheng , Guo Yi , Xu Zheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUltralow‐field (ULF) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can suffer from inferior image quality because of low signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR). As an efficient way to cover the k‐space, the spiral acquisition technique has shown great potential in improving imaging SNR efficiency at ULF. The current study aimed to address the problems of noise and blurring cancelation in the ULF case with spiral trajectory, and we proposed a spiral‐out sequence for brain imaging using a portable 50‐mT MRI system. The proposed sequence consisted of three modules: noise calibration, field map acquisition, and imaging. In the calibration step, transfer coefficients were obtained between signals from primary and noise‐pick‐up coils to perform electromagnetic interference (EMI) cancelation. Embedded field map acquisition was performed to correct accumulated phase error due to main field inhomogeneity. Considering imaging SNR, a lower bandwidth for data sampling was adopted in the sequence design because the 50‐mT scanner is in a low SNR regime. Image reconstruction proceeded with sampled data by leveraging system imperfections, such as gradient delays and concomitant fields. The proposed method can provide images with higher SNR efficiency compared with its Cartesian counterparts. An improvement in temporal SNR of approximately 23%–44% was measured via phantom and in vivo experiments. Distortion‐free images with a noise suppression rate of nearly 80% were obtained by the proposed technique. A comparison was also made with a state‐of‐the‐art EMI cancelation algorithm used in the ULF‐MRI system. SNR efficiency‐enhanced spiral acquisitions were investigated for ULF‐MR scanners and future studies could focus on various image contrasts based on our proposed approach to widen ULF applications.
Understanding the benefits and challenges of creating customized flex‐path degrees
Authors: Sutton Halley 
Published: June 2023

CHICAGO — Creating customized degrees is a way to serve the needs of your local marketplace, both by providing skilled workers and by offering adult learners a chance to pursue something directly in line with their own career goals and interests. But scaling these programs — making it possible to have a wide range of options for your students, without competing internally with your own programs — can prove to be a challenge.
Indicators of developmental status among adolescents and young adults with cancer: Perceived adult status, social milestones, and health‐related quality of life
Authors: Fladeboe Kaitlyn M. , Siembida Elizabeth J. , Ip Edward , Rosenberg Abby R. , Snyder Mallory A. , Salsman John M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveDevelopmental disruption contributes to poor psychosocial outcomes among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer, though indicators of AYAs' developmental status are not well understood. In this study, we describe perceived adult status as a novel developmental indicator and examine its associations with social milestones achievements and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL).MethodsFor this secondary analysis, AYAs with cancer were recruited using a 2 (on/off treatment) × 2 [emerging adults (EAs) 18–25 years‐old, young adults (YAs) 26–39 years‐old] stratified sampling design through an online research panel. Surveys assessed perceived adult status (i.e., self‐perception of the extent to which one has reached adulthood), social milestones (marital, child‐rearing, employment, educational status), demographic and treatment characteristics, and HRQoL. Generalized linear models tested associations between perceived adult status, social milestones, and HRQoL.ResultsAYAs (N = 383; Mage = 27.2, SD = 6.0) were majority male (56%) and treated with radiation without chemotherapy (37%). Most EAs (60%) perceived they had reached adulthood in some ways; most YAs (65%) perceived they had reached adulthood. EAs who perceived they had reached adulthood were more likely to be married, raising a child, and working than EAs who did not perceive they had reached adulthood. Among EAs, lower perceived adult status was associated with lower HRQoL when accounting for social milestones. Among YAs, perceived adult status was not associated with social milestones and neither perceived adult status nor social milestones were associated with HRQoL.ConclusionsPerceived adult status may be a useful developmental indicator for EAs with cancer. Findings highlight unique developmental needs of EAs and utility of patient perspectives for understanding developmental outcomes.
Sensory integration versus Masgutova neuro‐sensorimotor reflex integration program on controlling primitive reflexes and gross motor abilities in children with diplegic cerebral palsy
Authors: Mohamed Mustafa A. , El‐Dein Manal Salah , EL‐Deen Sahar M. Nour , El Fakharany Mahmoud S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveAn abnormality in muscular tone, lack of postural control, and a lack of coordination are all linked to the retention of primitive and immature postural reflexes. The Purpose of this study aimed of detecting which therapeutic approach is more effective in integrating retained primitive reflexes, either Masgutova neuro‐sensorimotor reflex integration or Sensory integration (SI) program.MethodsForty children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy (CP) (11 girls and 29 boys), involved in the current study and their ages ranged from 3 to 6 years old. They were divided at random into two groups (A and B), patients in the study group (A) (n = 20) were treated by Masgutova neuro‐sensorimotor reflex integration program (MNRI) while those of study group (B) (n = 20), were subjected to Sensory integration program (SIP), A standardized physical treatment regimen was provided to both groups (Stretching exercise, Strengthening exercise, and facilitation of developing motor milestones) All children were evaluated by using GMFM‐88 and (PDMS‐2) reflexes subtest before and after treatment that lasted for three successive months at a frequency of three sessions per week.ResultsThere was a statistically substantial increase in GMFM scores and control of primitive reflexes post treatment in each group compared to those of the pretreatment mean values (p > 0.05). There was also a statistically non‐significance difference between group A and group B regarding post treatment results (p > 0.05).Implications on Physiotherapy PracticeSI and MNRI programs can equally be used in the treatment of children with spastic CP who suffer from retained primitive reflexes and delayed gross motor function.
Failure factor analysis of China hazardous chemicals safety regulation system based on FMEA
Authors: Hao Chenyu , Fan Yunxiao , Huo Siyu , Niu Yi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn order to strengthen research on the identification and classification of the failure factors at the level of government safety regulation, comprehensively and systematically understand the failure of China's hazardous chemical safety regulation system, strengthen the prevention of hazardous chemical accidents, and construct China's hazardous chemical safety regulation system according to the principle of “Safety II”, the three subsystems of the regulation subject, regulatory object, and third‐party institution and their seven functional blocks are determined. Second, taking 26 dangerous chemical accidents as analysis materials, the failure mode and effect analysis method (FMEA) is used to analyze China's dangerous chemical safety regulation system. Nineteen failure modes of China's dangerous chemical safety regulation system are identified and the distribution of failure modes is analyzed and discussed. The results show that personnel failure is the main factor in the failure of the safety regulation system. Good institutional tools help to improve law enforcement work. The coordination between the regulatory agencies has an essential impact on the role of the regulatory body. It is necessary to strengthen the regulation of third‐party institutions.
Safety behavior in pesticide use among farmers of northern Greece: the role of information sources
Authors: Tsakiris Petros , Damalas Christos A , Koutroubas Spyridon D 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDFarmers' compliance with common safety practices in pesticide use (i.e., keeping records of pesticide applications, reading the information of pesticide labels, and taking protective measures during pesticide handling) and the use of information sources about pesticides were studied in a simple random sample of farmers in Evros Province, northern Greece.RESULTSAccording to the three common safety practices considered in the study, most farmers (56.9%) complied with safety practices. Nevertheless, a noticeable proportion of the farmers never kept records of pesticide applications (33.9%), never read the information of pesticide labels (20.2%), and never took protective measures during pesticide handling (24.8%). Farmers reported using up to six different sources of information about pesticides, but the majority (51.4%) reported using up to one source and almost one‐third (33.9%) relied on own sources. The most common information source about pesticides was the staff of the agricultural supply stores, used by 88.1% of the farmers. Safety behavior was positively correlated with total sources of information (P < 0.01) and information by the agricultural supply stores (P < 0.01). Multiple regression analysis showed that safety behavior was reduced in females, whereas it was increased in farmers with high education, high number of plots, and high level of information sources.CONCLUSIONDespite good levels of safety behavior by most farmers, keeping records of sprayings should be improved. Using multiple information sources about pesticides is crucial to improve safety behavior of farmers. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Potential of entomopathogenic nematode‐infected insect cadavers for the biocontrol of the red imported fire ant Solenopsis invicta
Authors: Wu Sheng‐Yen , Tang Huatao , Zhang Chen , Tang Fanxi , Lin Jihang , Wang Yuxin , Chen Lihong , Hou Youming 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundEntomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) in an aqueous suspension treatment showed potential in the biocontrol of the red imported fire ant Solenopsis invicta, whereas colony relocation following this inundative application had restricted overall effectiveness. As a novel strategy, EPN pre‐infected insect cadavers carrying the next generation of nematode‐infective juveniles (IJs) might be used to efficiently manage insect pests. However, this strategy has not been tested on S. invicta. This study evaluated EPNs emerging from wax moth Galleria mellonella cadavers to facilitate infection of S. invicta compared to those used in aqueous suspensions.ResultsAmong seven EPN species, Steinernema riobrave and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora had the highest insecticidal efficiency in aqueous treatment. Cadavers of G. mellonella colonized by either one of two EPN species were not damaged by worker ants, ensuring that the IJs could develop within and emerge successfully from the cadavers. Likewise, compared to an aqueous suspension treatment with an equivalent number of IJs, treatment with an S. riobrave‐infected cadaver increased the mortality of S. invicta by ≈10%, whereas infection by H. bacteriophora did not differ between treatments. However, the coexistence of S. riobrave‐ and H. bacteriophora‐infected cadavers adversely affected the control of S. invicta, likely as a result of competition resulting from the increased dispersal of each emerging EPN species.ConclusionUsing EPN‐infected G. mellonella cadavers as a strategy increased the mortality of S. invicta in the laboratory. This study provides positive evidence for the future applications of S. riobrave‐infected cadavers in the biocontrol of red imported fire ants. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Atractylenolide‐III alleviates osteoarthritis and chondrocyte senescence by targeting NF‐κB signaling
Authors: Xu Yizhou , Hu Xiaofang , Cai Jiale , Li Yunlun , Zou Ying , Wang Yihan , Xie Changnan , Xu Shuyi , Wang Yanqing , Zheng Yuli , Mahamat Djibril Adam , Xu Yuantao , Wang Xianghai , Li Xican , Liu Aijun , Chen Dongfeng , Zhu Lixin , Guo Jiasong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAtractylenolide‐III (AT‐III) is well known as its role in antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory. Present study was aimed to figure out its effects on osteoarthritis and potential mechanisms. Rat model, human osteoarthritis cartilage explants as well as rat/human chondrocyte cultures were prepared to test AT‐III's effects on osteoarthritis progression and chondrocyte senescence. Potential targeted molecules of AT‐III were predicted using network pharmacology and molecular docking, assessed by Western blotting and then verified with rescue experiments. AT‐III treatment alleviated osteoarthritis severity (shown by OARSI grading score and micro‐CT) and chondrocyte senescence (indexed by levels of SA‐β‐gal, P16, P53, MMP13, ROS and ratio of healthy/collapsed mitochondrial membrane potentials). Network pharmacology and molecular docking suggested that AT‐III might play role through NF‐κB pathway. Further experiments revealed that AT‐III reduced phosphorylation of IKKα/β, IκBα and P65 in NF‐κB pathway. As well as nuclear translocation of p65. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments indicated that AT‐III's effects on osteoarthritis and anti‐senescence were reversed by an NF‐κB agonist. AT‐III could alleviate osteoarthritis by inhibiting chondrocyte senescence through NF‐κB pathway, which indicated that AT‐III is a prospective drug for osteoarthritis treatment.
The Role of Cascade Screening in Heritable Forms of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Varghese Nidhy P. , Padhye Akhilesh A. , Magoulas Pilar L. , Mallory George B. , Ruiz Fadel E. , Sahay Sandeep 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHeritable pulmonary artery hypertension (HPAH) is an increasingly recognized type of pulmonary arterial hypertension, in both pediatric and adult population. Intrinsic to hereditary disease, screening for genetic mutations within families is an important component of diagnosis and understanding burden of disease. Recently, consensus guidelines are published for genetic screening in PAH. These guidelines include recommendations for screening at diagnosis, noting individuals with presumed PAH due to familial, or idiopathic etiologies. Cascade genetic testing is specifically recommended as a testing paradigm to screen relatives for detection of mutation carriers, who may be asymptomatic. Without targeted genetic testing, familial mutation carriers may only come to attention when pulmonary vascular disease burden is high enough to cause symptoms, suggesting more advanced disease. Here, we present our collective experience with HPAH in five distinct families, specifically to report on the clinical courses of patients who were diagnosed with genetic mutation at diagnosis versus those who were offered genetic screening. In three families, asymptomatic mutation carriers were identified and monitored for clinical worsening. In two families, screening was not done and affected family members presented with advanced disease.
Development of robust X‐bar charts with unequal sample sizes
Authors: Park Chanseok , Ouyang Linhan , Wang Min 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe traditional variable control charts, such as the chart, are widely used to monitor variation in a process. They have been shown to perform well for monitoring processes under the general assumptions that the observations are normally distributed without data contamination and that the sample sizes from the process are all equal. However, these two assumptions may not be met and satisfied in many practical applications and thus make them potentially limited for widespread application especially in production processes. In this paper, we alleviate this limitation by providing a novel method for constructing the robust control charts, which can simultaneously deal with both data contamination and unequal sample sizes. The proposed method for the process parameters is optimal in a sense of the best linear unbiased estimation. Numerical results from extensive Monte Carlo simulations and a real data analysis reveal that traditional control charts seriously underperform for monitoring process in the presence of data contamination and are extremely sensitive to even a single contaminated value, while the proposed robust control charts outperform in a manner that is comparable with the traditional ones, whereas they are far superior when the data are contaminated by outliers.
A quantum chemical and kinetics study on the unimolecular reactions of fuel radicals formed during the oxidation of n‐propylamine
Authors: Sone Tatsuya , Miyazaki Yuta , Sakai Yasuyuki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe major intermediate product under co‐combustion conditions of hydrocarbon fuels with ammonia are amines. Herein, we have theoretically investigated the unimolecular reactions of fuel radicals formed during the oxidation of n‐propylamine. Quantum chemical calculations were performed to obtain the optimized structures and vibrational frequencies of reactants, products, and transition states at the B3LYP/aug‐cc‐pVTZ theory level. CCSD(T) single point energy calculations with the basis sets of aug‐cc‐pVDZ and aug‐cc‐pVTZ were further performed against the optimized structures, and the energies were extrapolated into infinite basis limit. Pressure‐dependent rate constants were calculated using Rice–Ramsperger–Kassel–Marcus/master equation analysis. The major reaction pathways for the fuel radicals were found to be β‐scission reactions at CC or CN bonds, and minor pathways were internal hydrogen shift and β‐scission reactions at CH or NH bonds. The calculated reaction rate constant trends were attributed to the decrease in CC and CN bond dissociation energies due to substitution effects from the amino group.
Robotic‐assisted double lingual mucosal graft ureteroplasty for multifocal ureteral strictures: Case report and technical description
Authors: Zhou Yuancheng , Chai Shuaishuai , Cheng Gong , Xiao Xingyuan , Han Xiaomin , Li Bing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundUreteroplasty with a single onlay graft for proximal ureter stricture has been widely used in the clinic. However, robotic ureteroplasty with a double lingual mucosal graft (RU‐DLMG) has not been reported.MethodsThe intraoperative measured ureteral stricture lengths of patient 1 were 1.8, 2.5, and 4.6 cm, and those of patient 2 were 2.5 and 3.5 cm. We performed a RU‐DLMG in which the diseased ureter was incised longitudinally from the ventral side and repaired with a double lingual mucosal graft to widen the ureteral lumen. Because of the presence of a distal ureter stricture, RU‐DLMG combined with ureteral reimplantation was performed in patient 1.ResultsAntegrade urography showed no obstruction of the reconstructed ureteral segment after removing the ureteral stent. The patients had no complaints about the donor site and flank pain during the 12‐month follow‐up.ConclusionsRU‐DLMG appears to be a suitable option for multifocal ureteral strictures.