bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expectile Order and Asset Allocation
Authors: Arcidiacono Sally G. , Kountzakis Christos E. , Rossello Damiano 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Quantile preferences applied to portfolio selection lead to tailoring asset allocation through the probability level τ. For high τ interpreted as risk-tolerance parameter no diversification is found and any risk-prone investor hold only one risky asset. We introduce expectile order in an asset allocation framework, analyzing its properties in connection with usual stochastic ordering rules among individual asset return distributions. Using alternatively expectile order yields diversification also for high values of τ which is in line with some recent trend in portfolio management, and is compatible with interval-based stochastic dominance rules and eventually a special form of positive comonotonicity for expectiles.
A Pooling Convolution Model for Multi-classification of ECG and PCG Signals
Authors: Wang JuLiang , Zang Junbin , Xiang Menghui , Zong Chen , Zhang Zhidong , Xue Chenyang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Cardiovascular disease has always been one of the major threats to human health. The recognition of ECG and PCG signals, which are physiological signals generated when the heart beats, can greatly improve the efficiency of cardiovascular disease detection using deep learning techniques. Based on this, it is proposed that a simple and effective pooling convolution model for multi-classification of ECG and PCG signals. Firstly, ECG, PCG and synchronized ECG-PCG data are pre-processed. Then, several structure blocks are designed, including the block stacked by max-pooling layer(MCM), convolution layer and max-pooling layer, its multiple variants and the residual block(REC). All network models that use these structure blocks separately are based on the ResNet-18 framework. By changing the number of structure blocks, the model can be applied to ECG and PCG data at different sampling rates. The final test shows that the accuracy of the model using the MCM structure block is 98.70%, 92.58% and 99.19% respectively on the ECG, PCG fusion dataset and synchronized ECG-PCG dataset, which is higher than all the networks using its multiple variants. At the same time, the accuracy is improved by 0.02%, 4.30% and 1.43% compared to the model using the REC structure block. In addition, this work also carries out tests on multiple ECG and PCG datasets and compares them with other published literature, further verifying that the model using the MCM structure block has a higher detection rate for ECG and PCG signals.
U-shaped relationship between fasting blood glucose concentration and gensini sore analysis in STEMI patients
Authors: li han , Zhong Guo-Qiang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: An association between fasting blood glucose (FBG) and gensini scores has been reported. However, no studies have investigated the relationship between ST elevation myocardial infarction and FBG.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between FBG and coronary artery disease severity score (Gensini score) in patients with ST-segment elevation (STEMI) myocardial infarction.
Methods: In a retrospective analysis of 464 enrolled patients, we used minimum absolute contraction and selection operator (lasso) regression analysis to screen for covariates; In multiple regression analyses, we used gensini scores as the dependent variable, glucose as the independent variable, Fasting blood glucose was divided into hypoglycemic group 5.30mmol/L (2.69-6.15), medium glycemic group 7.11mmol/L (6.19-8.61) and hyperglycemic group 10.70mmol/L (8.64-14.81)，and selected variables as covariates to adjust and observe the true association between glucose and gensini scores. Considering that there is not necessarily a linear relationship between blood glucose and Guernsini score in the real world, we used curve fitting to observe the changing trend of blood glucose and Guernsini score.
Results: When confounding factors are not adjusted, The gensini scores in the medium-glycemic and high-glycemic groups had significant clinical significance (the medium-glycemic group, 95%CI: -140162--0.213, P=0.044; Hyperglycemia group, 95%CI: 5.295-19.221, P=0.0006;) The relationship between fasting blood glucose and Guernsini score is U-shaped but non-linear. Using minimum absolute contraction and selection operator (LASSO) regression to select variables, Variables included neutrophils, hemoglobin, platelets, albumin, low-density lipoprotein, D-dimer, urea nitrogen, glucose, white blood cells, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, age, dm, culprit vessel, history of myocardial infarction, Killip grade, number of stents, creatinine, uric acid, total cholesterol,CTNI, CKMB, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, left atrial diameter. After adjusting for confounder factors, only the hyperglycemic group had significant clinical significance in Gensini score (95%CI: -16.95--2.71, P=0.015). Curve fitting analysis showed that fasting glucose and Gensini score presented a U-shaped but non-linear relationship in patients diagnosed with or without diabetes.
Conclusions: The severity of coronary stenosis in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction is influenced by either excessively high or excessively low fasting glucose concentration,Whether people with or without diabetes.
Combined study of phase transitions in the P2-type NaXNi1/3Mn2/3O2 cathode material: experimental, ab-initio and multiphase-field results
Authors: Daubner Simon , Dillenz Manuel , Pfeiffer Lukas , Gauckler Cornelius , Rosin Maxim , Burgard Nora , Martin Jan , Axmann Peter , Sotoudeh Mohsen , Gross Axel , Schneider Daniel , Nestler Britta 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The research of new electrode materials such as sodium intercalation compounds is key to meet the challenges of future demands of sustainable energy storage. For these batteries, the intercalation behaviour on the micro-scale is governed by a complex interplay of chemical, electrical and mechanical forces strongly influencing the overall cell performance. The multiphase-field method is a suitable tool to study these multi-physics and bridge the scale from ab-initio methods to the cell level. In this work, we follow a combined approach of experiments, density functional theory (DFT) calculations and multiphase-field simulations to predict thermodynamic and kinetic properties for the P2-type NaXNi1/3Mn2/3O2 sodium-ion cathode material. Experimentally, we obtain the thermodynamic potential and diffusion coefficients at various sodium contents using electrochemical techniques and discuss limitations of the experimentally applied methods. DFT is used to identify stable phases by calculating an energy hull curve. Then, the influence of long-range dispersion interactions and the exchange-correlation functional on the voltage curve is investigated by comparison with experimental results. Finally, multiphase-field simulations are performed based on inputs from experiments and DFT. The fitting of phase-specific chemical free energies from DFT calculations and experimental data is discussed. Our results show that the single- and two-phase regions can be precisely reproduced at low C-rates close to thermodynamic equilibrium. Furthermore, the inclusion of a Butler-Volmer-type boundary condition allows to study the kinetics of the system as a competition of surface reaction, bulk diffusion and elastic deformation upon phase transformations. The model is able to predict kinetic capacity loss due to bulk diffusion limitation and the overpotential depending on charging rate.
Corrosion behavior and wear properties of mechanically polished and electropolished powder bed fusion-built Ti-6Al-4V alloy in simulated seawater
Authors: Tsoeunyane GM , Mathe NR , Tshabalala LC , Makhatha ME 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The structural integrity of additively manufactured parts is vital in adopting the technology in the manufacturing sector. Corrosion is a significant concern in every manufacturing sector. Therefore, this work presents the corrosion behavior and wear properties of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V alloy in the simulated seawater. The used specimens were electropolished in the mixed-metal-salt electrolyte and mechanically polished. The solution with a salinity of 35 ppt was prepared and used as a corrosion media. Electrochemical tests showed electropolished specimens had higher corrosion resistance than mechanically polished samples. The corrosion rate of the electropolished specimen was 0.6 × 10− 2 mmpy, while the mechanically polished specimen had 1.04 × 10− 2 mmpy. Moreover, the impedance measurement revealed electropolished specimens to have higher charge transfer resistance and non-conductive oxide on the surface than mechanically polished ones. The dry sliding wear test revealed electropolished specimens to have a relatively low friction coefficient of 0.12 compared to 0.25 of the mechanically polished specimens. The Vickers hardness of the specimens was comparable to 347 ± 3 HV and 345 ± 2 HV, respectively.
Anti-Acinetobacter baumannii single-chain variable fragments provide therapeutic efficacy in an immunocompromised mouse pneumonia model
Authors: Basardeh Eilnaz , Piri-Gavgani Somayeh , Moradi Hamid Reza , Azizi Masoumeh , Fateh Abolfazl , Shokrgozar Mohammad Ali , Ghanei Mostafa , Mahboudi Fereidoun , Rahimi-Jamnani Fatemeh 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The emergence of carbapenem-resistant and extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii as well as inadequate effective antibiotics calls for an urgent effort to find new antibacterial agents. The therapeutic efficacy of two human scFvs, EB211 and EB279, showing growth inhibitory activity against A. baumannii in vitro, was investigated in immunocompromised mice with A. baumannii pneumonia.
Results
The data revealed that infected mice treated with EB211, EB279, and a cocktail of two scFvs showed better survival, reduced bacterial load in the lungs, and no marked pathological abnormalities in the kidneys, liver, and lungs when compared to the control groups receiving normal saline or an irrelevant scFv.
Conclusions
These results suggest that the scFvs with direct growth inhibitory activity could lead to promising outcomes in immunosuppressed patients with A. baumannii infection.
Regulation of Energy Supply and Redox State in Bermudagrass: Role of H2O2 in Trimming-induced Tillering
Authors: Li shuang , Yin Yanling , Chen Jianmin , Cui Xinyu , Fu Jinmin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Tillering/branching pattern plays a significant role in determining the structure and diversity of grass, and trimming has been found to induce tillering in turfgrass. Recently, it has been reported that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) plays a part in regulating axillary bud development. However, the role of H2O2 in trimming-induced tillering in bermudagrass, a kind of turfgrass, remains unclear. This study reveals that trimming has a significant effect on inducing the sprouting and growth of tiller buds in the stolon node, as well as increasing the number of tillers in the main stem. Trimming serves to increase the content and relevant gene expression level of cytokinin and sucrose in axillary buds in a spatiotemporal-dependent manner. In addition, the partial trimming of new-born tillers results in an increase in sucrose and starch reserves in their leaves, which can be attributed to the enhanced photosynthesis capacity. Further research has revealed that trimming promotes a rapid H2O2 burst in the leaves of new-born tillers and axillary stolon buds. Exogenous application of H2O2 significantly increases the number of tillers after trimming by enhancing photosynthesis potential and energy reserves. Moreover, exogenous H2O2 increases the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Taken together, these results indicate that both endogenous production and exogenous addition of H2O2 enhance the inductive effects of trimming on the tillering process in bermudagrass, thus helping boost energy supply and maintain the redox state in newly formed tillers.
Long-term outcome of indeterminate hepatocellular observations (LI-RADS 3) of ＜2 cm based on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI
Authors: Xing Fei , Zhu Wen-jing , Du Shen , Jiang Ji-feng , Lu Jiang , Xing Wei , Zhang Tao 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objectives: To determine long-term outcomes and predictors of progression of indeterminate hepatocellular observation (LR-3) of <2 cm to higher categories in high-risk patients based on serial gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI (Gd-EOB-MRI) examinations.
Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on 125 patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related cirrhosis who underwent Gd-EOB-MRI examinations at baseline and during follow-up. A total of 149 untreated LR-3 observations (<2 cm) were included in the study. The Cox proportional hazards model was employed to perform a multivariate analysis of the risk factors for predictive progression of hepatocellular observations (upgraded to LR-4 or LR-5), which included patient demographics and LI-RADS imaging features. Additionally, the Kaplan–Meier method was utilized to assess the overall cumulative incidence curve for progression. Finally, the log-rank test was used to compare the cumulative incidence curves between cases with and without significant predictive risk factors.
Results: During a median follow-up interval of 18.3 months, the overall cumulative incidence of progression for LR-3 observations was 41.6%. The specific progression rates were 1.3%, 9.5%, 17.3%, and 37.3% at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. The multivariate analysis revealed three significant independent predictors of progression: non-rim arterial phase hyperenhancement (APHE) (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.27–3.79; P = 0.005), subthreshold growth (HR = 2.78, 95% CI = 1.48–5.23; P = 0.001), and mild-moderate T2 hyperintensity (HR = 5.25, 95% CI = 2.05–13.43; P < 0.001). LR-3 observations exhibiting non-rim APHE or mild-moderate T2 hyperintensity demonstrated a significantly higher cumulative risk of progression and a shorter median follow-up time to upgrade compared to those without these features (53.3% vs. 33.7%, 14.7 months vs. 18.9 months, both P <0.001; 50.0% vs. 28.8%, 15.1 months vs. 26.5 months, both P <0.001, respectively).
Conclusions: In cases of LR-3 observations (<2 cm), the presence of non-rim APHE, subthreshold growth, and mild-to-moderate T2 hyperintensities were found to be associated with a significantly higher risk of progression. LR-3 observations exhibiting non-rim APHE or mild-to-moderate T2 hyperintensity were specifically associated with a higher cumulative risk of progression and a shorter median follow-up time to upgrade.
Growth of β-Ga2O3 bulk crystal from melt without precious-metal crucible by pulling from cold container
Authors: Yoshikawa A. , Kochurikhin V. V. , Tomida T. , Takahashi I. , Kamada K. , Shoji Y. , Kakimoto K. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

We report the growth of bulk β-Ga2O3 crystals with diameters of up to 46 mm based on crystal pulling from a melt using a cold container without employing a precious-metal crucible. Although this was a preliminary trial in which the penetration depth of the high-frequency magnetic field and the temperature gradient in the pull-up direction were not optimized, full width half maxima (FWHM) of the X-ray rocking curve (XRC) of the obtained β-Ga2O3 crystal was comparable to those of a commercially available β-Ga2O3 sample and commercially available YAG single crystals. In principle, the purity of the crystals obtained by this method is high. In this report, only raw material-derived impurities were detected, and contamination from the process, such as insulation and crucible materials, was below the detection limit. In addition, expensive precious-metal crucible is not required in this method, making the crystal growth economical, which is the critical factor in the semiconductor industry. We have labeled this method, which is a fusion of the skull-melting and CZ methods, the “oxide crystal growth from cold crucible (OCCC)” method, and these results indicate that the OCCC crystal growth technique can be used to produce high-purity bulk β-Ga2O3 single crystalline substrate, which are increasingly required in the semiconductor industry.
Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus (ToBRFV): A Better Indicator of Viral Load and Treatment Efficacy of Wastewater Treatment.
Authors: Verma Subhash , Khan Majid , Li Lin , Haak Laura , Pagilla Krishna 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This study investigated the occurrence of Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) and Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) as well bacteriophages (e.g., Escherichia MS2 and BZ13 virus) in untreated wastewater and evaluated their potential as viral indicators and surrogates to assess water quality during treatment. ToBRFV was quantified by RT-qPCR and identified by whole genome sequencing using two diagnostic sample processing methods: an RVP panel and a virus enrichment method. Our study found that both methods revealed a high abundance of ToBRFV in the wastewater samples from the largest collection area site, Truckee Meadows water reclamation facility (TMWRF). Notably, ToBRFV was present at much higher levels than PMMoV and EscherichiaMS2/BZ13 viruses and was consistently at high levels across the 12-month study period. This pattern was also observed in two other Water Reclamation Facilities and three sub-sewershed sample collection sites (sub-neighborhoods, travel-influenced sites, and elementary schools). We demonstrated that ToBRFV is a more effective viral indicator than PMMoV and bacteriophages (i.e., coliphages) and recommend its use as a marker for water quality and treatment efficacy evaluation.
Synthesis, molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulation studies, and anti-tubercular activity evaluation of substituted benzimidazole derivatives
Authors: Thapa Shankar , Biradar Mahalakshmi Suresha , Nargund Shachindra L. , Ahmad Iqrar , Patel Harun , Lamsal Ashish 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Tuberculosis, colloquially referred to as TB, is a highly prevalent bacterial infection that persists as a substantial global health concern. The present article centers its attention on the comprehensive exploration of the synthesis, molecular docking, and molecular dynamic simulation investigations pertaining to substituted benzimidazole derivatives. Additionally, a meticulous assessment of their anti-TB activities is conducted. A series of twelve substituted benzimidazole derivatives (1–12) were successfully synthesized, employing a scaffold consisting of electron-withdrawing and electron-donating groups. The newly synthesized compounds were defined by their FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and Mass spectra. The Microplate Alamar Blue Assay (MABA) was used to evaluate the anti-mycobacterial activity of synthesized compound against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Compounds 7 (MIC = 0.8 g/ml) and 8 (MIC = 0.8 g/ml) demonstrated exceptional potential to inhibit M. tuberculosis compared to the standard (Isoniazid). In addition, the synthesized compounds were docked with the Mtb KasA protein (PDB ID: 6P9K), and the results of molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation confirmed the experimental results, as compounds 7 and 8 exhibited the highest binding energy of -7.36 and − 7.17 kcal/mol, respectively. Both substances were safe for acute inhalation and cutaneous sensitization. These two compounds have the potential to be potent M. tuberculosis inhibitors.
Prevalence and associated factors of human caliciviruses among patients suffering from gastroenteritis in the Amhara National Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Tegegne Dessie , Gelaw Aschalew , Zerefaw Girma , Ferede Getachew , Gelaw Baye 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Human caliciviruses are the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis and foodborne diarrheal diseases in all age groups worldwide, with an increased burden in developing countries. As there is no routine surveillance, epidemiological data is limited in Ethiopia. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of human caliciviruses among patients suffering from gastroenteritis in the selected health facilities of Amhara National Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia.
Methods
A multi-center health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2021 to November 2021. A total of 550 study participants were proportionately assigned to the different health facilities in four study areas. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select participants. A stool sample was collected and analyzed with a one-step real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Data were gathered using a questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS. A descriptive analysis was performed. Binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses were done to determine the association between the dependent and independent variables. Variables with p-value < 0.05, at the 95%CI, were considered statistically significant.
Result
The prevalence of norovirus among all age groups was 8.9% (95% CI: 6.6, 11.6). Specifically, it was higher among elder people (33.3%) and under-5 children (12.5%). Sapovirus was not detected. Both norovirus genogroup I and II were detected, but genogroup II was the predominant, 82.6%. All of the respondents were diarrheic, but only 20% of them had a history of vomiting. The odds of norovirus infection among respondents from the Debre Tabor and Bahir Dar areas were significantly higher. Similarly, elder people and under-5 children were more affected than their adult-age counterparts (p < 0.05). Furthermore, previous history of acute gastroenteritis, family contact history with related cases, and poor hand-washing practice were statistically significant factors associated with norovirus infections (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
The prevalence of norovirus was considerably high. Norovirus-GII was predominant. The positivity rate of norovirus was higher among the elderly and under-5 children. The distribution of the norovirus, and their genogroups, varies across the four study areas.
Smart Learning: An Interactive Dissection Simulator for Medical Students Through Virtual Reality
Authors: Jamal Sheikh Asad , Khan Alyan , Shah Samiullah , Siddiqui Shayan Waris , Khan Sallar 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Virtual reality is not just a new technology but also a dominating one since it provides an immersive environment and simulation. It is being adopted in multiple fields for its use to train people with their related fieldwork. As a result, it is now quite the general and easily accessible technology for people to enjoy the 3D immersive environment. Moreover, Facebook's plan to introduce the metaverse has caused immense development in this field. Its interactable environment is also being adopted in the teaching platforms to provide students with the best possible learning. As a result of its simulation and learning, it has also made its way to many simulation fields such as Heavy Transportation, Airforce, and Space. Especially in medical education to teach the field worker about complicated surgeries and human anatomy, and its widely used for demonstration and learning. Many restrictions in medical education are being overcome by Virtual reality since the dissection of the corpse has been terminated from the real world for experimentation and learning anatomy for medical students is becoming a problem. Many alternatives are explored to provide better anatomy learning; the best physical 3D simulation models are present, yet not all institutions can sustain the cost and the place for such alternatives. Because of this, it is becoming a more significant obstacle to providing a better learning environment for the students. This research is for the medical field, providing a virtual reality dissection system application on oculus quest 2. This application provides the basic and essential human anatomy that a student or a doctor can practice in the realistic virtual world. The 3D models used in this application are close to realism for detailed anatomy learning, as shown in Fig [8].