bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ZnGa2O4 : Cr3+@Calcium Phosphate Nanocomposite with Near‐Infrared Persistent Luminescence and High Stability
Authors: Lee Clement , Liu Yihong , Hulme Benjamin , Chang Lo‐Yeuh , Ke Shang‐Wei , Wang En‐Rui , Wu Yu‐Hao , Lin Bi‐Hsuan , Jiang Yingying , Liu Lijia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPersistent luminescence (PersL) is an optical phenomenon which allows for materials to emit luminescence after ceasing excitation. The long‐lasting luminescence is ascribed to the presence of trap states, which can be exploited through the introduction of various dopants and post‐synthesis treatment. In this study, ZnGa2O4 : Cr3+ (CZGO), one of the most widely investigated near‐infrared‐emitting PersL materials, is synthesized in the form of nanoparticles, and incorporated into amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) to form a luminescent nanocomposite with drug attachment potential. The effects of annealing CZGO in the composite are comparatively studied alongside the composite that contains unannealed CZGO. We find that ACP with annealed CZGO exhibits much higher luminescence intensity and longer PersL duration. The formation of the nanocomposite also results in the redistribution of Zn, and its influence on the composite luminescence intensity and the long‐term chemical stability are investigated.
Amine‐Functionalized Amyloid Aerogels for CO2 Capture
Authors: Dong Zhou , Peydayesh Mohammad , Donat Felix , Jin Tonghui , Li Ting , Müller Christoph R. , Mezzenga Raffaele 
Published: September 2023

AbstractClimate change caused by excessive CO2 emissions constitutes an increasingly dire threat to human life. Reducing CO2 emissions alone may not be sufficient to address this issue, so that the development of emerging adsorbents for the direct capture of CO2 from the air becomes essential. Here, we apply amyloid fibrils derived from different food proteins as the solid adsorbent support and develop aminosilane‐modified amyloid fibril‐templated aerogels for CO2 capture applications. The results indicate that the CO2 sorption properties of the aerogels depend on the mixing ratio of aminosilane featuring different amine groups and the type of amyloid fibril used. Notably, amine‐functionalized β‐lactoglobulin (BLG) fibril‐templated aerogels show the highest CO2 adsorption capacity of 51.52 mg (1.17 mmol) CO2/g at 1 bar CO2 and 25.5 mg (0.58 mmol) CO2/g at 400 ppm; similarly, the CO2 adsorption capacity of chitosan‐BLG fibril hybrid aerogels is superior to that of pure chitosan. This study provides a proof‐of‐concept design for an amyloid fibril‐templated hybrid material facilitating applications of protein‐based adsorbents for CO2 capture, including direct air capture.
Hydrogen Evolution of a Unique DNAzyme Composed of Cobalt‐Protoporphyrin IX and G‐Quadruplex DNA
Authors: Cui Yue , Zhang Li , Liu Jing , Zhang Taozhe , Sugahara Aya , Momotake Atsuya , Yamamoto Yasuhiko , Mao Zong‐wan , Tai Hulin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMolecular hydrogen (H2) is a clean and renewable fuel that has garnered significant interest in the search for alternatives to fossil fuels. Here, we constructed an artificial DNAzyme composed of cobalt‐protoporphyrin IX (CoPP) and G‐quadruplex DNA, possessing a unique H2Oint ligand between the CoPP and G‐quartet planes. We show for the first time that CoPP‐DNAzyme catalyzes photo‐induced H2 production under anaerobic conditions with a turnover number (TON) of 1229 ± 51 over 12 h at pH 6.05 and 10 °C. Compared with free‐CoPP, complexation with G‐quadruplex DNA resulted in a 4.7‐fold increase in H2 production activity. The TON of the CoPP‐DNAzyme revealed an optimal acid‐base equilibrium with a pKa value of 7.60 ± 0.05, apparently originating from the equilibrium between Co(III)‐H− and Co(I) states. Our results demonstrate that the H2Oint ligand can augment and modulate the intrinsic catalytic activity of H2 production catalysts. These systems pave the way to using DNAzymes for H2 evolution in the direct conversion of solar energy to H2 from water.
METTL3‐mediated m6A modification of circPRKAR1B promotes Crohn's colitis by inducing pyroptosis via autophagy inhibition
Authors: Zhao Jie , Zhao Zhibin , Ying Pu , Zhou Yan , Xu Ziwei , Wang Honggang , Tang Liming 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe roles of circRNA and N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) methylation in Crohn's disease (CD) have drawn much attention. Therefore, this investigation aimed to discover how the m6A modification of circRNAs contributes to CD progression.MethodsThe study performed circRNA sequencing on colon samples from four CD patients and four normal controls (NCs) to screen for dysregulated circRNAs. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) was performed to validate the candidate circRNA expression and determine its correlation to CD‐associated inflammatory indicators. In vivo and in vitro investigations were conducted to examine the functions and pathways of circPRKAR1B in CD, besides investigating the m6A modification role in circRNA expression modulation.ResultsThe RNA‐seq revealed that hsa_circ_0008039 (circPRKAR1B) was the most significant upregulated circRNA and was identified as the candidate circRNA for further examinations. Relative circPRKAR1B expression was significantly upregulated in CD colon tissues and closely related to CD‐associated inflammatory indices. The circPRKAR1B expression and function were regulated by methyltransferase‐like 3 (METTL3)‐mediated m6A methylation. In vitro studies indicated that circPRKAR1B promoted pyroptosis mediated by NLRP3 inflammasome (NLRP3; nucleotide‐binding oligomerization domain, leucine‐rich repeat and pyrin domain‐containing 3) and impaired autophagy by interacting with the RNA‐binding protein (RBP) SPTBN1, (SPTBN1; spectrin beta, non‐erythrocytic 1). The in vivo investigations revealed the treatment effects of si‐circPRKAR1B and si‐METTL3 in colitis models of IL‐10‐deficient mice.ConclusionOur study reveals that METTL3‐mediated m6A modification of circPRKAR1B promotes Crohn's colitis by aggravating NLRP3 inflammasome‐mediated pyroptosis via autophagy impairment in colonic epithelial cells.
An interdisciplinary framework for evaluating 19th century landscape paintings for ecological research
Authors: Warren Dana R. , Loeb Harper M. , Betjemann Peter , Munck Isabel A. , Keeton William S. , Shaw David C. , Harvey Eleanor J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAs we contemplate the future of forest landscapes under changing climate conditions and land‐use demands, there is increasing value in studying historic forest conditions and how these landscapes have changed following past disturbances. Historic landscape paintings are a potential source of data on preindustrial forests with highly detailed, full‐color depictions of overstory and understory environments. They display key details about forest community composition, microhabitat features, and structural complexity from a time well before the advent of color photography. Despite these paintings' potential, their scientific applications have been impeded by questions of validity.How truly accurate are the images portrayed in these paintings? How much of an image is an artist's manipulation of a scene to best illustrate an allegory or romanticized view of nature?Following an established assessment model from historical ecology for evaluating resource validity, we demonstrate how scholarship on art history can be integrated with ecological understanding of forest landscapes to follow this model and address these questions of image veracity in 19th century American art. Further, to illustrate the potential use of these historic images in ecological studies, we present in a case study assessing microhabitat features of 10 different paintings. While this paper explores 19th century landscape art broadly, we focus our art historical review in particular on Asher Durand, a prolific and influential artist associated with the so‐called “Hudson River School” in the mid‐1800s. Durand left clear records about his perspectives on accurately depicting nature, and from a review of images and writings of Durand, we find support for the potential use of many of his paintings and sketches in historic forest ecology research. However, we also identify important caveats regarding potential ecological interpretations from these images. More broadly, because 19th century landscape paintings are not always directly transcriptive, and because regional art cultures differed in the 1800s, we cannot within this paper speak about landscape image veracity across all 19th century landscape art. However, in following established methods in historical ecology and integrating tools from art history research, we show that one can identify accurate historic landscape paintings for application in scientific studies.
Maximum stem diameter predicts liana population demography
Authors: Schnitzer Stefan A. , DeFilippis David M. , Aguilar Antonio , Bernal Boris , Peréz Salomé , Valdés Abelino , Valdés Seberino , Bernal Fidedigna , Mendoza Adrián , Castro Biancolini , Garcia‐Leon Maria 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDetermining population demographic rates is fundamental to understanding differences in species’ life‐history strategies and their capacity to coexist. Calculating demographic rates, however, is challenging and requires long‐term, large‐scale censuses. Body size may serve as a simple predictor of demographic rate; can it act as a proxy for demographic rate when those data are unavailable? We tested the hypothesis that maximum body size predicts species' demographic rate using repeated censuses of the 77 most common liana species on the Barro Colorado Island, Panama (BCI) 50‐ha plot. We found that maximum stem diameter does predict species' population turnover and demography. We also found that lianas on BCI can grow to the enormous diameter of 635 mm, indicating that they can store large amounts of carbon and compete intensely with tropical canopy trees. This study is the first to show that maximum stem diameter can predict plant species' demographic rates and that lianas can attain extremely large diameters. Understanding liana demography is particularly timely because lianas are increasing rapidly in many tropical forests, yet their species‐level population dynamics remain chronically understudied. Determining per‐species maximum liana diameters in additional forests will enable systematic comparative analyses of liana demography and potential influence across forest types.
Detection of fish and mussel DNA in lake sediment cores depends on location, species, and molecular method
Authors: Thomson‐Laing Georgia , Howarth Jamie D. , Atalah Javier , Vandergoes Marcus J. , Rees Andrew , Steiner Konstanze , Thomson‐Laing Jacob , Wood Susanna A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEnvironmental DNA provides an opportunity to track long‐term changes in biological communities in lake ecosystems but the detection of macroorganisms, such as freshwater fish and mussels, in sedimentary DNA (sedDNA) has only been successfully reported in a few studies to date. Factors such as low abundance of the target organisms, sampling location, the molecular approach used, and DNA quantity may influence detection, though studies exploring these factors are lacking. In the present study, sediment cores were collected from a depocenter and nearshore site in a small shallow lake where some historical fish survey data was available. DNA was extracted from the sediment core and analyzed for Anguilla australis (shortfin eel), Echyridella menziesii (freshwater mussel), and Perca fluviatilis (European perch) using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) and general fish (class Actinopterygii) and macroinvertebrates using metabarcoding. The data from the historical fish surveys (last 20 years) aligned with the molecular data except for a lack of Anguilla dieffenbachii (longfin eel) DNA detection. Generalized additive mixed model analysis showed significantly higher detections in samples from the nearshore compared to depocenter core, which is most likely related to habitat of the target species. Differential detection of target species was likely caused by their ecology and locality. The ddPCR assays were more sensitive (88 ± 3% of samples with positive detections) than metabarcoding (48 ± 10%). However, the metabarcoding enabled the detection of additional fish species. Target species detection was negatively impacted by a reduction in total DNA concentration in older sediments. This research highlights that current molecular techniques used to target fish and mussel sedDNA can result in inconsistent temporal and spatial detection of species, especially in older sediments. We recommend that the methodology and interpretation of sedDNA results need to be considered in the context of species ecology, abundance, and DNA concentrations.
End effects of Halbach field magnet‐type linear motor
Authors: Yamaguchi Hiroto , Morishita Mimpei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA linear motor that uses a finite length Halbach array as its magnetic field causes a thrust force ripple owing to end effects. In this paper, the theoretical and numerical analysis methods of the Halbach array are investigated. The results of the electromagnetic field analysis are compared to confirm the validity of the theoretical and numerical solutions. Moreover, we focus on the magnetic pole period and coil arrangement of the finite length Halbach field type linear motor to eliminate the influence of the end effects, and report the relationship with the end effects.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydrofunctionalization of Alkenes: Recent Advances
Authors: Yin Xuemei , Li Shanshan , Guo Kun , Song Lei , Wang Xiaoling 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPalladium‐catalyzed asymmetric hydrofunctionalization of alkenes is one of the most powerful and straightforward methods to forge a new C−H bond and a new C−X (X=C, N, O, F, Si etc) bond, which provides an efficient way to obtain valuable enantioenriched molecules from cheap and readily available feedstocks. Catalytic asymmetric hydrofunctionalization of simple alkenes is challenging but still highly sought after. This review will mainly focus on the recent advances in Palladium catalyzed asymmetric hydrofunctionalization of alkenes over the past decade, including hydroamination, hydrooxygenation, hydrofluorination, hydrosilylation, hydroarylation, hydroalkenylation and hydrocarbonylation.
Phenotyping and identification of target traits for de novo domestication of wheat wild relatives
Authors: Zeibig Frederike , Kilian Benjamin , Özkan Hakan , Pantha Sumitra , Frei Michael 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDe novo domestication—the modification of domestication genes in crop wild relatives via genome editing—is an approach for harnessing the beneficial genetic diversity of crop wild relatives. A prerequisite for de novo domestication is phenotyping to identify genetic materials suitable for cultivation in the respective environment. Taxa from the wheat genepool (Triticum aestivum, Triticum durum, Triticum monococcum) are a staple food; these taxa comprise wild relatives of different ploidy levels. The diploid Triticum boeoticum and Triticum urartu and the tetraploid Triticum dicoccoides and Triticum araraticum harbor desirable traits such as high grain quality and abiotic and biotic stress tolerance. Hence, they are candidates for de novo domestication. Here, we grew 111 wild wheats and 38 landraces originating predominantly from the Fertile Crescent and six modern wheat cultivars in a field in Giessen, Germany, to evaluate their environmental adaptability to the central European climate and to identify potential candidates and target traits for de novo domestication. We demonstrate that several wild taxa are suitable for cultivation in the central European environment and that they have distinct characteristics that need to be modified during de novo domestication. The normalized difference vegetation index and the thermal time to heading and flowering indicated excellent adaptability of some wheat wild relatives to central European conditions. The values of yield parameters such as grain weight per plant, number of tillers, and thousand kernel weight were lower in the wild wheats than in the landraces. Therefore, these traits should be targeted for improvement during the de novo domestication of wild wheats.
Effect of propolis extract addition on some physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory properties of kefir drinks
Authors: Bengi Sinem , Gursoy Oguz , Güler Dal Hande Özge , Yilmaz Yusuf 
Published: September 2023

AbstractKefir drinks with sugar (5%, w/v), strawberry flavor (0.15%, v/v), and propolis extract (PE) at different ratios (0.150%, 0.225%, and 0.300%, v/v) were produced and stored at 4°C, and their physicochemical, rheological, microbiological, and sensory properties were monitored during storage. The ratio of PE and storage time had an insignificant effect on the dry matter, protein, fat contents, Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) L* and a* color values, apparent viscosity, consistency coefficient, flow behavior index, Lactobacillus spp., Lactococcus spp., and yeast counts of kefir drinks (p > .05). The CIE b* values of kefir drinks increased with an increase in PE ratio (p < .05). All kefir samples exhibited a pseudoplastic flow behavior. Initially, the total antioxidant capacity of kefir drinks was 2.19 μmol TE/100 mL, which increased to 2.51 μmol TE/100 mL for kefir drinks with 0.225% PE. The total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of kefir drinks with PE decreased during storage. PE addition did not influence the sensory color and taste liking scores of kefir drinks adversely until the 8th day of storage. In terms of odor liking scores, kefir drinks with 0.225% and 0.300% PE had a similar score to control drinks. Additionally, kefir drinks with 0.150% and 0.225% PE received an overall liking score similar to control drinks. Results indicated that the incorporation of PE at a ratio of 0.225% was recommended for the production of strawberry‐flavored kefir drinks with acceptable sensory characteristics and increased functional properties, and this product could be stored for up to 8 days.
Transcriptional subtypes of glottic cancer characterized by differential activation of canonical oncogenic programming
Authors: Panuganti Bharat A. , Carico Christine , Jeyarajan Harishanker , Flagg Mitchell , Tamayo Pablo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere is a paucity of data concerning molecular heterogeneity among glottic squamous cell carcinoma, and the clinical implications thereof.MethodsData corresponding to glottic squamous cell carcinoma were derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas. The Onco‐GPS computational methodology was levied to derive four patterns of transcriptional activity and three functional subtypes of glottic cancer.ResultsThirty glottic cancer samples stratified to three distinct oncogenic states (S0–S2) based on a Onco‐GPS model containing four transcriptional components (F0‐F3). Membership in S2 and association with transcriptional component F0 conveyed an invasive phenotype, with transcriptional activity strongly reflecting EMT programming (including TGF‐B and NF‐KB signaling). S2 membership also correlated with inferior disease‐specific survival (HR 9.027, 95% CI 1.021–79.767), and higher incidences of extracapsular spread and perineural invasion.ConclusionsWe present a functional taxonomy of glottic cancer, with subtypes demonstrating differential upregulation of canonical oncogenic networks and survival implications.
Types of colourants used in tattoo and permanent make‐up techniques, legal regulations, health, and psychological aspects of tattooing
Authors: Charuta Anna , Wegner Robert , Charuta Kamila M. , Hanusek Karolina , Paziewska Agnieszka 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundIt is estimated that more than 60 million people in Europe, that is, around 12% of the European population, have at least one tattoo. However, there is still little information on the long‐term effects of tattoos. Inks used for tattooing are a mixture of chemicals, with pigments being the main components responsible for the visual effect. The pigments used are not produced specifically as ingredients for tattooing, but mainly/primarily for the needs of industry, where lower purity requirements and quality standards are acceptable. It is therefore necessary to understand the risks associated with tattoos, but also to implement appropriate legal regulations. The aim of this article was to collect and summarise the results of research conducted so far on the type of colourants used in tattoo ink and to analyze the impact of these on human health. In addition, as part of this work, the current legal acts regulating the concentration limits and composition of inks used in tattooing as well as the psychological aspects of tattooing were collected and presented.MethodsScientific reports and articles from renowned journals from 1994 to 2022, relevant review and research publications in PubMed, and Google Scholar were analyzed. To analyze the available research literature, the Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed databases were used. The following keywords were used to search for publications: tattoos, colourants used in tattoos, side effects of tattoos, legal acts, psychological aspects of tattoos.ResultsThe result of the literature analysis indicates a risk to health and side effects associated with tattooing the body. There are still no standardised test methods to analyze tattoo inks and assess their safety. Although the art of tattooing has been known for millennia, European legal authorities have not yet implemented effective regulations. Currently, tattoo products in Europe are covered by the general REACH regulation (Resolution ResAP, 2008; EU regulation 2020/2081, 2020). on product safety. The new amendment in force since January 4, 2022 introduces concentration limits for certain substances used in tattoo and permanent makeup inks. However, these provisions do not sufficiently protect either the consumer or the tattoo industry.ConclusionsThe results of the research indicate a potentially harmful effect on skin health. A more stringent safety assessment of the colourants used for tattooing is recommended, supported by studies and applicable legislation.