bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feline respiratory disease. Part 2: management of the common causes
Authors: Cannon Martha 
Published: May 2023

Background: Chronic nasal discharge and sneezing are common problems in cats and can be among the most frustrating conditions we have to deal with. While conditions that cause unilateral signs can usually be diagnosed and often effectively treated, the most common cause of bilateral nasal discharge is chronic rhinosinusitis, a lifelong condition that can be managed with varying degrees of success but will rarely resolve.Aim of the article: This article, the second in a two‐part series, reviews the treatment options and current approaches to managing common causes of feline respiratory disease. The first article, published in last month's In Practice, covered the common causes of nasal discharge in the UK cat population and the diagnostic investigations that can assist in reaching a definitive diagnosis.
An interprofessional education initiative: Introducing a local anesthesia dental course for nurse practitioner and physician assistant students
Authors: Marwaha Rochisha S. , Bland Leticia , Hicks Jeffery , Hendricson William D. , Aguilar Rosalie P. , Torre Magda de la , Pao Wen , Challa Suman N. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurpose/ObjectiveTo assess the impact of local anesthesia (LA) course for physician assistant (PA) and adult gerontology‐acute care nurse practitioner (NP) program students on knowledge, attitudes, confidence, and intention to incorporate skills in clinical practice.MethodsThe course was conducted by dental faculty for forty‐eight PA and seven NP students and consisted of two lecture hours on anatomy of the oral cavity, anesthesia and pain management, 2 hours of preclinic lab where participants practiced injection technique on mannikins, and a clinical practicum conducted by dental school faculty and residents where students observed dental treatment including administration of LA, and discussed symptom triage by NPs and PAs for patients with dental problems including orofacial pain, initial management including LA, and patient referral to dentists. An online survey was administered to all students before and after the course to assess changes in knowledge, attitudes, confidence, and intention to incorporate LA administration skills into clinical practice and elicit students’ perception of program quality. Pre‐ to post‐changes were analyzed by two‐tailed t‐tests and analysis of variance (ANOVA) with significance at 0.05.ResultsThe response rate for pre‐ and post‐course assessment was 96.4% and 87.3% respectively. Students’ overall scale score for self‐assessment of dental knowledge increased significantly from pre‐ (2.34) to post‐assessment (4.19). An increase was seen in students’ attitudes regarding management of dental emergencies (t = 2.181; p < 0.05). Furthermore, overall confidence of students related to managing patients with dental problems increased significantly (2.00 to 3.85) after taking the course.ConclusionThe LA course was well received by PA and NP students and resulted in increased knowledge and confidence in recognizing common oral health conditions, understanding dental pain management including administration of LA, and making referrals to dentists to optimize patient care.
Odd covers of graphs
Authors: Buchanan Calum , Clifton Alexander , Culver Eric , Nie Jiaxi , O'Neill Jason , Rombach Puck , Yin Mei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGiven a finite simple graph , an odd cover of is a collection of complete bipartite graphs, or bicliques, in which each edge of appears in an odd number of bicliques, and each nonedge of appears in an even number of bicliques. We denote the minimum cardinality of an odd cover of by and prove that is bounded below by half of the rank over of the adjacency matrix of . We show that this lower bound is tight in the case when is a bipartite graph and almost tight when is an odd cycle. However, we also present an infinite family of graphs which shows that this lower bound can be arbitrarily far away from . Babai and Frankl proposed the “odd cover problem,” which in our language is equivalent to determining . In this paper, we determine that is when and is when is equivalent to 1 or modulo 8.
Surgical treatment for pelvic bone metastatic disease from renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Scoccianti Guido , Scanferla Roberto , Scorianz Maurizio , Frenos Filippo , Sacchetti Federico , Muratori Francesco , Campanacci Domenico A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionPelvic bone metastases from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are challenging due to their destructive pattern, poor response to radiotherapy and hypervascularity. The purpose of our study was to review a series of patients undergoing surgical treatment with the aim to investigate: 1) survival; 2) local disease control; and 3) complications.MethodsA series of 16 patients was reviewed. A curettage procedure was performed on 12 patients. In eight the lesion involved the acetabulum; a cemented hip arthroplasty with cage was performed in seven; a flail hip in one. Four patients received a resection; in two cases with acetabular involvement, reconstruction was performed with a custom‐made prosthesis and with an allograft and prosthesis.ResultsDisease‐specific survival accounted for 70% at 3 years and 41% at 5 years. Only one local tumor progression after curettage occurred. Revision surgery (flail hip) was necessary for deep infection of the custom‐made prosthesis.ConclusionA prolonged survival in patients affected by bone metastatic disease from RCC can justify also major surgical procedures. Due to a low local progression rate after intralesional procedures, curettage, cement and a total hip arthroplasty with cage, when feasible, should be considered as an alternative to more demanding surgeries like resections and reconstructions.Level of Evidence (Oxford)Level 4.
Improvement of tribological properties of water‐based ZnO nanoparticles lubricant for zirconium alloy cold rolling by hydroxyethyl cellulose
Authors: Liu Qi , Li Jing , Zhang Junfeng , Yuan Hengdi , Kouediatouka Ange Nsilani , Dong Guangneng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCurrently, substantial adhesion wear frequently occurs in Zr alloy cold rolling, which not only affects the quality of product's surface, but shortens the mould's service life. In this paper, water‐based lubricant was prepared by using ZnO as additive and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) as dispersant. The tribological test results showed the friction coefficient decreased by a maximum of 84.6%, and the friction surface was smooth and flat, with essentially no wear. By analysing the friction area, it was found after ZnO entered the friction interface, HEC carried a hydrated molecular layer to form a stable lubrication film at the interface. This film worked with nanoparticles to reduce friction and wear, and is expected to prolong the service life of rolling dies.
Mechanomorphological Guidance of Colloidal Gel Regulates Cell Morphogenesis
Authors: Lin Meng Hsuan , Linares Isabelle , Ramirez Cesar , Ramirez Yanni Correa , Sarkar Debanjan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMicrostructural morphology of the extracellular matrix guides the organization of cells in 3D. However, current biomaterials‐based matrices cannot provide distinct spatial cues through their microstructural morphology due to design constraints. To address this, colloidal gels are developed as 3D matrices with distinct microstructure by aggregating ionic polyurethane colloids via electrostatic screening. Due to the defined orientation of interconnected particles, positively charged colloids form extended strands resulting in a dense microstructure whereas negatively charged colloids form compact aggregates with localized large voids. Chondrogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and endothelial morphogenesis of human endothelial cells (ECs) are examined in these colloidal gels. MSCs show enhanced chondrogenic response in dense colloidal gel due to their spatial organization achieved by balancing the cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions compared to porous gels where cells are mainly clustered. ECs tend to form relatively elongated cellular networks in dense colloidal gel compared to porous gels. Additionally, the role of matrix stiffness and viscoelasticity in the morphogenesis of MSCs and ECs are analyzed with respect to microstructural morphology. Overall, these results demonstrate that colloidal gels can provide spatial cues through their microstructural morphology and in correlation with matrix mechanics for cell morphogenesis.
Perry Disease: Expanding the Genetic Basis
Authors: Dulski Jarosław , Koga Shunsuke , Liberski Paweł P. , Sitek Emilia J. , Butala Ankur A. , Sławek Jarosław , Dickson Dennis W. , Wszolek Zbigniew K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundPerry disease (or Perry syndrome [PS]) is a hereditary neurodegenerative disorder inevitably leading to death within few years from onset. All previous cases with pathological confirmation were caused by mutations within the cytoskeleton‐associated protein glycine‐rich (CAP‐Gly) domain of the DCTN1 gene.ObjectivesThis paper presents the first clinicopathological report of PS due to a novel DCTN1 mutation outside the CAP‐Gly domain.MethodsClinical and pathological features of the new variant carrier are compared with another recently deceased PS case with a well‐known pathogenic DCTN1 mutation and other reported cases.Results and ConclusionsWe report a novel DCTN1 mutation outside the CAP‐Gly domain that we demonstrated to be pathogenic based on clinical and autopsy findings.
Cedrol, a Major Component of Cedarwood Oil, Ameliorates High‐Fat Diet‐Induced Obesity in Mice
Authors: Zhao Yuhan , Li Mengjie , Guo Jingya , Fang Jingjing , Geng Ruixuan , Wang Yanan , Liu Tingting , Kang Seong‐Gook , Huang Kunlun , Tong Tao 
Published: May 2023

ScopeExcellent health‐promoting effects of cedrol (CED), including anti‐inflammatory, anti‐arthritic, and antinociceptive effects, have been reported. The present study aims to investigate the preventive effects of CED on high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced obesity and the related metabolic syndrome, and to delineate the underlying mechanism.Methods and resultsTen‐week‐old C57BL/6J mice are fed chow, HFD, or HFD supplemented with CED (0.2% w/w) for 19 weeks. Results demonstrate that CED effectively reduces HFD‐induced body weight gain, decreases visceral fat pad weight, and significantly prevents adipocyte hypertrophy in mice. HFD‐induced hepatic steatosis, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and gluconeogenesis are ameliorated by CED supplementation. 16S rRNA analysis reveals that CED does not change gut microbiota composition at the phylum and genus levels, indicating that CED may have limited effects on gut microbiota in HFD‐fed mice. Further transcriptome analysis of epididymal white adipose tissue reveals reprogrammed RNA profiles by CED.ConclusionThese results demonstrate that incorporating CED in the diet can prevent HFD‐induced obesity and related metabolic syndrome, and highlight that CED can be a promising dietary component for obesity therapeutic intervention.
Differences between brain responses to peroneal electrical transcutaneous neuromodulation and transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation, two treatments for overactive bladder
Authors: Krhut Jan , Tintěra Jaroslav , Rejchrt Michal , Skugarevská Barbora , Zachoval Roman , Zvara Peter , Blok Bertil F. M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo compare brain responses to peroneal electrical transcutaneous neuromodulation (peroneal eTNM®) and transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (TTNS), two methods for treating overactive bladder (OAB), using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The present study was not designed to compare their clinical efficacy.Materials and MethodsThis study included 32 healthy adult female volunteers (average age 38.3 years (range 22−73)). Brain MRI using 3 T scanner was performed during three 8‐min blocks of alternating sequences. During each 8‐min block, the protocol alternated between sham stimulation (30 s) and rest (30 s) for 8 repeats; then peroneal eTNM® stimulation (30 s) and rest (30 s) for 8 repeats; then, TTNS stimulation (30 s) and rest (30 s) for 8 repeats. Statistical analysis was performed at the individual level with a threshold of p = 0.05, family‐wise error (FWE)‐corrected. The resulting individual statistical maps were analyzed in group statistics using a one‐sample t‐test, p = 0.05 threshold, false discovery rate (FDR)‐corrected.ResultsDuring peroneal eTNM®, TTNS, and sham stimulations, we recorded activation in the brainstem, bilateral posterior insula, bilateral precentral gyrus, bilateral postcentral gyrus, left transverse temporal gyrus, and right supramarginal gyrus. During both peroneal eTNM® and TTNS stimulations, but not sham stimulations, we recorded activation in the left cerebellum, right transverse temporal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, and right inferior frontal gyrus. Exclusively during peroneal eTNM® stimulation, we observed activation in the right cerebellum, right thalamus, bilateral basal ganglia, bilateral cingulate gyrus, right anterior insula, right central operculum, bilateral supplementary motor cortex, bilateral superior temporal gyrus, and left inferior frontal gyrus.ConclusionsPeroneal eTNM®, but not TTNS, induces the activation of brain structures that were previously implicated in neural control of the of bladder filling and play an important role in the ability to cope with urgency. The therapeutic effect of peroneal eTNM® could be exerted, at least in part, at the supraspinal level of neural control.
ATS Core Curriculum 2022. Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine: Updates in pediatric neuromuscular disease
Authors: Leon‐Astudillo Carmen , Okorie Caroline U. A. , McCown Michael Y. , Dy Fei J. , Puranik Sandeep , Prero Moshe , ElMallah Mai K. , Treat Lauren , Gross Jane E. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe American Thoracic Society Core Curriculum updates clinicians annually in pediatric pulmonary disease. This is a concise review of the Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine Core Curriculum presented at the 2022 American Thoracic Society International Conference. Neuromuscular diseases (NMD) comprise a variety of conditions that commonly affect the respiratory system and cause significant morbidity including dysphagia, chronic respiratory failure, and sleep disordered breathing. Respiratory failure is the most common cause of mortality in this population. Substantial progress has been made in diagnosis, monitoring and treatment for NMD over the last decade. Pulmonary function testing (PFT) is utilized to objectively measure respiratory pump function and PFT milestones are utilized in NMD‐specific pulmonary care guidelines. New disease modifying therapies are approved for the treatment of patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), including the first ever approved systemic gene therapy, in the case of SMA. Despite extraordinary progress in the medical management of NMD, little is known regarding the respiratory implications and long‐term outcomes for patients in the era of advanced therapeutics and precision medicine. The combination of technological and biomedical advancements has increased the complexity of the medical decision‐making process for patients and families, thus emphasizing the importance of balancing respect for autonomy with the other foundational principles of medical ethics. This review features an overview of PFT, noninvasive ventilation strategies, novel and developing therapies, as well as the ethical considerations specific to the management of patients with pediatric NMD.
Intrapleural therapy for pleural infection from bronchopleural fistula in an adult with hyper‐IgE syndrome
Authors: Faber Sam , McLean‐Tooke Andrew , Kuok Yi Jin , Lee Y. C. Gary 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe presented the case of an adult patient with hyper‐IgE syndrome (HIES) who was admitted acutely with a large hydropneumothorax from lung consolidation, a bronchopleural fistula and pleural infection. He has had recurrent pulmonary and skin infections since childhood and longstanding pneumatoceles. He was treated with systemic antibiotics and chest tube drainage. Administration of two doses of low‐dose intrapleural therapy (1 mg tissue plasminogen activator and 5 mg deoxyribonuclease) allowed complete evacuation of his residual loculated pleural fluid, aided resolution of his infection without provoking a significant air leak and avoided the need for surgery.
An ellipsoid‐based framework for fault estimation and remaining useful life prognosis
Authors: Zhang Wenhan , Wang Zhenhua , Raïssi Tarek , Su Rong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a novel ellipsoid‐based framework for fault estimation and remaining useful life prognosis is presented. The fault is considered to be a slow‐changing fault caused by actuator performance degradation. The proposed framework is divided into three steps: First, the actuator fault interval estimation is determined by combining observer design with ellipsoidal analysis. The fault estimation results allow to evaluate the system's current health condition and predict the remaining useful life based on the performance degeneration model. Since the model parameters are constantly changing, an ellipsoid‐based extended Kalman filter is presented to estimate the parameters via the fault estimation results. Specially, a trace optimization method is proposed to design the filter gain matrix, which offers high computational efficiency. Finally, the future degradation states are predicted via the latest parameters until the failure thresholds are reached, which determines the remaining useful life interval prediction results. Numerical simulations are conducted to verify the viability and validity of the presented approach.
Factors governing soil hydrological function under long‐term tillage practices: Insight into soil water repellency
Authors: Li Shengping , Liu Xiaotong , Wu Xueping , Lu Jinjing , Abdelrhman Ahmed Ali , Liang Guopeng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDrought is increasingly common due to frequent occurrences of extreme weather events, which further increases soil water repellency (SWR). It could reinforce the effect of SWR on soil functions under conservation tillage systems. However, the relationship between SWR and soil hydrological function is still unclear. We studied the impacts of SWR and soil structure on soil hydrological function. Three treatments were conducted in a long‐term tillage experiment: conventional tillage (CT), reduced tillage (RT), and no‐tillage (NT). Tillage, soil depth, and growth period had significant influences on SWR, soil structure (i.e., penetration resistance [PR], total porosity [TP], and mean weight diameter [MWD]), and soil hydrological functions (i.e., water storage, least limiting water range [LLWR], and plant available water). Compared to CT, NT and RT increased the water repellency index (RI) in 0–20 cm by 13.8%–40.1% and 6.5%–18.2% during the growth period. RI played a prominent role in increasing soil water storage compared to soil TP, PR, MWD, and SOC. PR was the most critical influence on LLWR compared to other variables. A structural equation model revealed that SWR directly affected soil hydrological function, whereas the effect of SWR (0.24) was smaller than that of soil structure (0.67). In addition, soil structure had a direct influence on SWR, indicating that the effect of SWR could be regulated by soil structure. Overall, this study showed a link between SWR and soil hydrological function and provides deeper fundamental insights into the role of SWR on the sustainability of conservation tillage.
External Fields Assisted Highly Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction of Confined 1T‐VSe2 Ferromagnetic Nanoparticles
Authors: Chen Mingyue , Zhou Wenda , Ye Kun , Yuan Cailei , Zhu Mengyuan , Yu Hao , Yang Hongzhou , Huang He , Wu Yanfei , Zhang Jingyan , Zheng Xinqi , Shen Jianxin , Wang Xiao , Wang Shouguo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAs a clean and effective approach, the introduction of external magnetic fields to improve the performance of catalysts has attracted extensive attention. Owing to its room‐temperature ferromagnetism, chemical stability, and earth abundance, VSe2 is expected to be a promising and cost‐effective ferromagnetic electrocatalyst for the accomplishment of high‐efficient spin‐related OER kinetics. In this work, a facile pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method combined with rapid thermal annealing (RTA) treatment is used to successfully confine monodispersed 1T‐VSe2 nanoparticles in amorphous carbon matrix. As expected, with external magnetic fields of 800 mT stimulation, the confined 1T‐VSe2 nanoparticles exhibit highly efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalytic activity with an overpotential of 228 mV for 10 mA cm−2 and remarkable durability without deactivation after >100 h OER operation. The experimental results together with theoretical calculations illustrate that magnetic fields can facilitate the surface charge transfer dynamics of 1T‐VSe2, and modify the adsorption‐free energy of *OOH, thus finally improving the intrinsic activity of the catalysts. This work realizes the application of ferromagnetic VSe2 electrocatalyst in highly efficient spin‐dependent OER kinetics, which is expected to promote the application of transition metal chalcogenides (TMCs) in external magnetic field‐assisted electrocatalysis.
Converting Nafion into Li+‐Conductive Nanoporous Materials
Authors: Gao Weitao , Sheng Li , Chen Jia , Gong Fan , Tang Zhuozhuo , Yin Qinan , Yang Kai , Tu Ziqiang , Li Yang , Wang Li , Wang Jianlong , Tang Yaping , Xu Hong , Wang Cheng , He Xiangming 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSulfonated polymers have long been used as proton‐conducting materials in fuel cells, and their ionic transport features are highly attractive for electrolytes in lithium‐ion/metal batteries (LIBs/LMBs). However, most studies are still based on a preconceived notion of using them directly as polymeric ionic carriers, which precludes exploring them as nanoporous media to construct efficient lithium ions (Li+) transport network. Here, effective Li+‐conducting channels realized by swelling nanofibrous Nafion is demonstrated, which is a classical sulfonated polymer in fuel cells. The sulfonic acid groups, interact with LIBs liquid electrolytes to form porous ionic matrix of Nafion and assist partial desolvation of Li+‐solvates to further enhance Li+ transport. Li‐symmetric cells and Li‐metal full cells (Li4Ti5O12 or high‐voltage LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 as a cathode) with such membrane show excellent cycling performance and stabilized Li‐metal anode. The finding provides a strategy to convert the vast sulfonated polymer family into efficient Li+ electrolyte, promoting the development of high‐energy–density LMBs.