bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visual acuity changes associated with foveal ischemia detected by optical coherence tomography angiography in type II diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Sallam Moataz A. , Shahin Mohamed E. , Ali Esraa A. 
Published: March 2023

Purpose
Diabetic macular ischemia is a vision-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus. Early detection of ischemic changes can preserve the vision. The aim of the study was to detect the early macular ischemic changes in patients with no diabetic retinopathy (NDR), using optical coherence tomography angiography, and to correlate these changes with the best-corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA).

Patients and methods
A case–control study was conducted to compare 30 diabetic eyes with NDR with 30 healthy control eyes. The glycemic control was determined by glycosylated hemoglobin level less than 6.5%. The diabetic group was further subdivided into those with normal BCDVA and those with decreased BCDVA. The outcome measures included BCDVA and optical coherence tomography angiography features.

Results
Compared with controls, the diabetics with decreased BCDVA were found to have significantly thinner central macular thickness (P<0.001), larger foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area (P<0.001) in the superficial and deep capillary plexuses (sFAZ and dFAZ), and lower vascular density (VD) (P<0.05) regarding the central density and the superior, inferior, and temporal quadrants. In addition, they showed significantly larger associated capillary dropout areas in the superficial and deep capillary plexuses and significantly lower foveal and parafoveal VD compared with diabetics with normal BCDVA (P<0.001 and 0.05, respectively). Diabetics with normal BCDVA showed no significant difference from the controls regarding the dFAZ and VD but showed significantly lower sFAZ area (P<0.05).

Conclusion
Diabetic ischemic microvascular changes including decreased VD and enlarged FAZ areas precede clinically visible retinopathy and might be correlated with decreased visual acuity in patients with NDR.
Association of antenatal anxiety with adverse pregnancy outcomes: A prospective hospital-based study
Authors: Dwivedi Arun K. , Sandhu Namrita , Datta Soheli , Gumber Aayushi , Shukla Lovely , Yadav Usha K. , Singh Shreya , Sharma Prachi 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Anxiety is common in pregnant women. Many studies have shown association of antenatal anxiety with adverse pregnancy outcomes, though the results are conflicting. Further, there are very limited studies on the subject reported from India, due to which, the data is limited. Hence this study was undertaken.

Materials and Methods:
Two hundred randomly selected consenting registered pregnant women reporting for antenatal follow up during third trimester of pregnancy were included in the study. Hindi version of Perinatal Anxiety Screening scale (PASS) was used to assess anxiety. Edinburgh Postnatal Depression rating Scale (EPDS) was used to assess comorbid depression. These women were followed up in the post-natal period to assess pregnancy outcomes. Chi-square test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and correlation coefficients were calculated.

Results:
Analysis was done for 195 subjects. Most women (48.7%) were between 26 and 30 yrs of age. Primigravidas comprised 11.3 % of total study sample. Mean anxiety score was 23.6 (range 5-80). Adverse pregnancy outcomes were noted in 99 women; however anxiety scores in this group were not different from the group without adverse outcomes. No significant group differences were found with respect to PASS or EPDS scores. None of the women were found to have a syndromal anxiety disorder.

Conclusions:
Antenatal anxiety was not found to be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. This finding is contrary to the results obtained in earlier studies. More enquiry is needed into this area to replicate the results with clarity in larger samples, in Indian context.
Psychometric properties of Psychosocial Inventory for Caregivers (PIC) scale
Authors: Singh Abhijeet , Ali Arif 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
There are various psychosocial challenges associated with caregiving in persons with mental illness. So, the present study attempts to develop a 62 itemed Psychosocial Inventory for Caregivers (PIC) scale in order to assess the different psychosocial problems in caregivers of persons with mental illness.

Aim and Objective:
The study aims to develop and test the PIC scale in a population with the objective to assess its reliability and validity.

Methodology:
The present study used a cross-sectional descriptive research design. Caregivers of persons with mental illness were the samples for the present study. Convenient sampling was used to collect 340 samples, based on the item-to-response ratio of 1:4. The study was conducted in the in-patient/out-patient department of LGBRIMH, Tezpur, Assam. Permission to conduct the study was taken from Institutes Ethics Committee (IEC). Proper written consent was taken from the participants after explaining to them the study.

Result:
Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed in SPSS version 25.0. The internal consistency of the PIC scale was found to be 0.88. The convergent validity of the PIC scale was acceptable because the average variance extracted (AVE) was above 0.50. The square root of the average variance explained was greater than the inter-factor correlation of the PIC scale, hence, discriminant validity was established.

Conclusion:
With the development of a PIC scale, a comprehensive assessment can be done to know the various factors and consequences related to caregivers of a person with mental illness.
Epidemic of Depression and Anxiety in child and adolescent population during COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta analysis of the prevalence of depression and anxiety
Authors: Maggu Gaurav , Verma Vinod , Chaudhury Suprakash , Indla Vishal 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
COVID-19 has caused mayhem in the life of people. It has disrupted the social fabric of life. The children and adolescent population has been particularly affected by its direct and indirect effects. This systematic review aims to find the prevalence of depression and anxiety in children and adolescent age groups. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines for finding the prevalence of depression and anxiety. We found the total number of participants to be 71,016. A random effect model was used for conducting meta-analysis. The prevalence of depression was mentioned in 17 studies of 23 and the pooled prevalence was 27% [95% confidence interval: 21%-36%] and heterogeneity (I2 statistics; P <.00001) was 100%. The prevalence of anxiety was found in 20 studies of 23 and the pooled anxiety prevalence was 25% (95% confidence interval: 16%-41%) and heterogeneity (I2 statistics; P < .00001) was found to be 100%. The summary of the findings has been provided. Due to high heterogeneity, moderator analysis was performed separately for depression and anxiety subgroups. The study design consisted of cross-sectional studies and some studies conducted through online surveys. The age range varied considerably from 1 year to 19 years; 5 studies had participants aged more than 19 years, but the mean age of the total sample was less than 18 years. We conclude that indeed there is a mental health epidemic among the child and adolescent population. We recommend early intervention and tailored made strategies should for management. As the pandemic is enduring, rigorous monitoring should be done. This age group is under extra pressure owing to a large uncertainty about their studies as well their future.
Estimation of aquifer productivity and groundwater recharge from single - well pumping test
Authors: Akinfemiwa Akanbi Olanrewaju 
Published: March 2023

Due to the abrupt variations in lithology and structures associated with crystalline basement terrains of southwestern (SW) Nigeria, reliable evaluations of aquifer properties are essential for the management and protection of groundwater resource. For this purpose, single-well pumping and recovery tests were carried out in wells within the various bedrock terrains of Ibarapa region of SW Nigeria to evaluate the discharge, drawdowns, storage capacity, transmissivity, recovery rate and other well inventory with the aim of evaluating sustainable groundwater yield within the diverse geological terrains of the region of study. From the results, the average (av.) groundwater discharge (in m3/day) for wells in areas underlain by amphibolite was 72.05; 53.45 in gneisses; 68.27 in migmatite and 64.33 in granitic terrains. In the respective order of geological settings, the total drawdowns in wells were 10.70 m, 21.99 m 17.69 m and 15.58 m and transmissivities (in m2/day) were 6.85, 2.57, 0.76, 1.72, while specific capacity values (in m3/d/m) were correspondingly; 7.67, 3.10, 4.00 and 5.54. The recovery tests showed that wells in granitic terrains were characterized by better water recharge than in other terrains. However, groundwater yield in amphibolite and to a lesser extent in gneisses were quite sustainable and the rates of groundwater recovery though moderate sustained continuous discharge for hours of continuous pumping. It is therefore mandatory to develop a reticulation system in this region so as to cater for water supply in areas underlain by granite and migmatite at the central and north-eastern part of the study area.
utilização de paródias musicais em campanhas de educação e prevenção
Authors: Freire Flavia , De Oliveira Gouvêa Eduardo 
Published: March 2023

A presente exposição visa a contribuir com a temática acerca do dever de transparência nas políticas públicas a partir do exame de caso concreto que introduz a reflexão sobre a possibilidade (e os ganhos) da utilização de paródias musicais pela Administração Pública, sob a forma de campanha de educação e prevenção, em prol do interesse público.
Nesse contexto, pretende-se abordar os cânones protetivos dos direitos autorais referentes ao uso de paródias musicais pelo gestor público, sobretudo, no que tange ao entendimento extraído dos debates recentes no Superior Tribunal de Justiça.
art. 1.015, x, CPC e a decisão denegatória de efeito suspensivo nos embargos à execução
Authors: Kronemberg Hartmann Guilherme , Mascarenhas Lopes Rodolfo 
Published: March 2023

O presente artigo aborda a discussão, desenvolvida no âmbito da doutrina e da jurisprudência do Superior Tribunal de Justiça (STJ), acerca do cabimento do recurso de agravo de instrumento em face da decisão interlocutória que denega atribuição de efeito suspensivo nos embargos à execução, prevista no art. 1.015, X, do Código de Processo Civil (CPC), tendo como pressuposto a natureza jurídica da decisão denegatória, e, em que medida, a análise desta natureza nos faz concluir que a hipótese em comento atrai, a rigor, o disposto no art. 1.015, I, CPC. Pretende-se, a partir desta reflexão, estabelecer parâmetros gerais sobre a espécie recursal do agravo de instrumento dentro do modelo de recorribilidade trazido pelo CPC de 2015; e, a partir disso, refletir em que medida a decisão denegatória de efeito suspensivo requerido pelo executado, embora não contemplada expressamente na hipótese do art. 1.015, X, CPC, possa ser encaixada na norma prevista no inciso I do mesmo dispositivo, em especial no que concerne à tutela jurisdicional de caráter provisório fundada na urgência, sem que, com isso, seja necessário recorrer ao recurso hermenêutico da tese da taxatividade mitigada, fixada pelo STJ quando do julgamento do Recurso Especial nº 1.704.520/MT (Tema nº 988 dos recursos repetitivos).
A Dynamic Model For Poultry Supply Chain In West Java
Authors: Aminuddin Rahmat Ridlo , Okdinawati Liane 
Published: March 2023

This paper analyzes the constraints on supply chain processes within the poultry industry in West Java, Indonesia after COVID-19 pandemic. During the upstream process, poultry feed costs fluctuates greatly and lacks of storage which causing feed supply constraint, the mortality rate of chickens often surpasses 5% due to several factors including stocking density. Another identified problem adversely affecting the upstream process is the inability of small-scale farmers to procure their own Grand Parent Stock (GPS) since they remain dependent upon corporations to supply it, leading to inefficiency and increased production costs. Meanwhile, in downstream processes, the lack of a cold supply chain system and adequate storage capacity presents other challenges with regard to product durability. Consumer awareness regarding the relationship between food safety and health, and shifting in consumer preferences, especially during COVID-19 pandemic is also considered as a constraint in West Java poultry supply chain. To cope with those problems, several solutions such as technology and policy were offered to improve and solve problems in the supply chain process. Technology can be a powerful tool in addressing challenges in the poultry supply chain by providing efficient, accurate, and scalable solutions. While policy play a crucial role in addressing problems in the poultry supply chain by setting standards, promoting best practices, and providing a framework for action, regulate the behavior of the actors, promote transparency and hold actors accountable for their actions. A causal loop diagram is also made to assess the relationship between technology and policy in poultry supply chain process
The association between ankle mobility and Achilles tendon, plantar fascia, iliotibial band stiffness and elasticity in athletes
Authors: Usgu Serkan , Biçici Uluşahin Seda , Gönen Tuğba 
Published: March 2023

Objectives: The ankle range of motion in the kinetic chain is very important. The joint mobility can affect soft tissue mechanical features and alter athletic performance. This study aimed to determine whether there was a relationship between the stiffness and elasticity of iliotibial band (ITB), Achilles tendon (AT), plantar fascia (PF), and ankle mobility in athletes.
Materials and Methods: Thirty professional athletes (n=10, basketball, n=10, volleyball, n=10, running) participated in this study. ITB-AT-PF- mechanical properties (stiffness and elasticity) were measured bilaterally with a Myoton-Pro. Ankle mobility was measured with an inclinometer during knee to wall lunge test.
Results: Ankle mobility was not correlated with the mechanical properties (p>0.05). AT-stiffness had weak negative correlation with AT-elasticity (r=-0.46), ITB-stiffness had moderate negative correlation with ITB elasticity and weak positive correlation with AT-stiffness on the nondominant side (r=-0.65,0.44). AT-elasticity had moderate and weak negative correlations between AT and PF-stiffness, respectively (r=-0.63,-0.41), ITB-stiffness had weak negative correlation with ITB-elasticity on the dominant side (r=-0.36). Dominant side AT and nondominant side ITB-elasticity of runners and nondominant and dominant side ITB-stiffness of basketball players were significantly higher (p<0.05).
Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between ankle mobility and mechanical properties of the ITB-AT-PF. These findings may be useful in planning rehabilitation or conditioning programs in terms of injury prevention.
Effects of Social and Community issues in Inter-Ethnic Conflicts on Economic Growth in Muhoroni and Tinderet sub-counties in Kenya
Authors: Chavulimu Jacob , Mathews Godrick 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: Inter-ethnic conflicts have had a negative impact on the global economic growth. In Africa, over $ 120 billion has been on spent on the vice thus affecting heragricultural sector consequently subjecting over 198,000,000 people to starvation and food insecurity. The Government efforts in mitigating the vice has bone no fruits as the number of deaths keeps on rising from an estimate of 7, 9 and 13 people in 2012, 2014 and 2016 respectively.The main objective was to assess the social and community effects of inter-ethnic conflicts on economic growth in Kenya.
Methodology: Karl Marx’sConflict theory was adopted. A correlational research design was adopted.A population of 220 was considered. A response rate of 80.7% was realized thus affirming the significance and relevance of the data.The findings revealed that social issues had a negative effect with significant contribution to the economic growth (β=..666, p<.05) while community issues had a slightly weaker significant effect (β=.198,p<.05).Social and community issues of Inter-ethnic Conflicts had an effect on economic growth and accounted for 58.1% significant variance in economic growth (R square =.581, F(2, 217)=261.296, p=.000).
Findings: The study concluded that the inter-ethnic conflicts in Nyando, Muhoroni and Tinderet sub-counties were the root causes of the stagnated economy.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommended various approaches namely enactment of legislation that can enforce punitive actions against the perpetrators; adopting multiagency approach in curbing the vice; stakeholder involvement and engagement in finding a lasting solution to inter-ethnic conflicts; the national government, lands commission and the members of the community explores ways to deal with matters land. There are efforts by the national government to foster peace through the administrative units and the county governments so as to avoid ethnicity. Significant progress has also been observed over the government’s commitment to narrow down to perpetrators of violence and hate speech causing fights. Plans that are put in place to oversee execution of justice should be enhanced and effective to ensure persons that become victims receive justice. The findings may aide the economic and peace integration commission stakeholders in advising potential investors as well as the government on promoting peace in the area. Scholars could also benefit by coming up with a model and more information in the area for guiding new researchers.
Assessment Of Digital Eye Strain With The Digital Eye Strain Scoring Index (Dessi)
Authors: Shajer Shaikh, Kalika Bandamwar  
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to assess digital eye strain (DES) with the help of the digital eye strain scoring index (DESSI) in the urban population.
Methods: The subjects were carefully selected with no ocular or systemic problems that may alter the study results and prior written consent was obtained. This study is divided into two phases. Phase 1 consists of reliability testing with Cronbach’s alpha and test-retest reliability while phase 2 consists of validity testing with internal validity, sensitivity and specificity. In phase 1 there were two visits, a baseline visit and a retest visit with 24 hours gap. DESSI was implemented on both visits. Phase 2 had two visits on the same day called the pre-task visit and post-task visit separated by one-hour task performance. Pre and post-task assessments were compared for all variables in the DESSI. The smartphone addiction scale (SAS) assessment and disability index (DI) was correlated with the no. of hours of smartphone use. The sensitivity and specificity were also assessed.
Results: In phase 1, Cronbach’s alpha value was 0.82 and the co-relation coefficient was found to be acceptable to excellent whereas, in phase 2, the paired sample t-test showed statistically significant differences for all the tests compared. The SAS and DI correlation with the no. of hours of smartphone use was found to be good. The sensitivity and specificity of DESSI were fair, scoring 51% and 53% respectively.
Conclusion: The digital eye strain is a useful tool for clinicians who can accurately analyze digital eye strain with acceptable to excellent test–retest reliability, internal consistency, good validity, fair sensitivity, and specificity.
Administração verde: o caminho sem volta da sustentabilidade nas organizações
Authors: Luz Eduardo Hercilio da , Belli Rodrigo Fernando , Santos Ruan Carlos dos 
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: O presente trabalho buscou investigar se a competitividade é afetada com o uso de práticas e programas sustentáveis, concluindo que sim, ambos podem caminhar juntos, fortalecendo a organização e mostrando ser um diferencial competitivo. Tendo como fundamento as preocupações sobre sustentabilidade versus competitividade na área do setor náutico, definiu-se o seguinte problema de pesquisa: de que maneira a sustentabilidade e a competitividade podem caminhar no mesmo sentido em uma organização do segmento náutico? Com base nessa questão, definiu-se como objetivo geral identificar os critérios tangíveis e intangíveis da sustentabilidade e competitividade na percepção dos stakeholders de uma organização do segmento náutico.
Metodologia/abordagem: Foi usada a abordagem quantitativa para a mensuração dos dados, variáveis predeterminadas, análise e interpretação dos dados. Com o foco para a interpretação dos dados da pesquisa e sua análise, estabelecendo através questionário de perguntas fechadas, com intenção de recolher respostas claras e facilitar o entendimento da população pesquisada.
Originalidade/Relevância: A aplicação de práticas sustentáveis atua como fonte motivadora da competitividade em uma organização do segmento náutico; todos os envolvidos têm consciência que a sustentabilidade é tão importante quanto a competitividade; e as práticas sustentáveis desenvolvidas têm impacto positivo proporcional na responsabilidade dos envolvidos em suas residências.
Principais conclusões: A organização tem consciência que a sustentabilidade é tão importante quanto a competitividade. E, portanto, que as práticas sustentáveis desenvolvidas na organização náutica têm impacto positivo proporcional na responsabilidade dos envolvidos dentro de suas residências, sendo as hipóteses provadas verdadeiras pelos resultados obtidos.
Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: Esta correlação entre sustentabilidade e competitividade é bem aceita pelos stakeholders, sendo vista a junção de ambas como fundamental para um bom andamento de todos os trabalhos e programas ambientais, e podendo ser considerada um diferencial da organização náutica. E tanto os aspectos tangíveis como os intangíveis são perceptíveis para todos os envolvidos, que buscam participar dos programas ambientais, agregando valor ao nome da organização náutica e aos que buscam difundir essas práticas sustentáveis conjuntamente.