bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Problemy w zakresie wykonywania zadań przez organy nadzoru budowlanego
Authors: Smarż Joanna 
Published: December 2022

Historia nadzoru budowlanego sięga 1928 r., kiedy utworzono pierwszy nadzór budowlany. Natomiast funkcjonujące obecnie organy nadzoru budowlanego powstały w 1999 r. w ramach reformy administracji publicznej jako piony kontrolne w zakresie prawidłowości przebiegu procesu budowlanego. Zostały one utworze jako jednostki kontrolne. Niestety ze względu na braki kadrowe i finansowe, a także zbyt częste zmiany przepisów prawa nie do końca mogą prawidłowo realizować przyznanych im zadań. Jak wynika z kontroli NIK, organy nadzoru budowlanego nie są w stanie kontrolować przestrzegania przepisów Prawa budowlanego, a kontrole, poza obowiązkowymi, dokonywane są wybiórczo i właściwie jedynie z inicjatywy osób trzecich. Powyższe potwierdza, że pozycja prawna organów nadzoru budowlanego wymaga szybkich i radykalnych zmian, które wzmocniłyby te organy i umożliwiłyby im wykonywanie powierzonych im zadań ustawowych.Celem artykułu jest wskazanie problemów w zakresie wykonywania zadań przez organy nadzoru budowlanego oraz propozycji zmian prawnych w tym zakresie.
Glosa aprobująca do wyroku Wojewódzkiego Sądu Administracyjnego w Olsztynie z 10 lutego 2022 r., sygn. akt I SA/Ol 38/22, dotycząca odpowiedniego stosowania art. 73 Kodeksu postepowania administracyjnego w postępowaniu egzekucyjnym w administracji
Authors: Majer Tomasz 
Published: December 2022

Komentowany wyrok Wojewódzkiego Sądu Administracyjnego w Olsztynie dotyczy prawa dostępu do akt w postępowaniu egzekucyjnym w administracji. Uprawnienie to nierozerwalnie związane jest z zapewnieniem podmiotom wobec których prowadzona jest egzekucja administracyjna, czynnego udziału w postępowaniu. To zaś warunkuje ich faktyczną możliwość obrony i korzystania z przysługujących im środków prawnych.W komentowanym wyroku Sąd, słusznie przyjął szeroką interpretację art. 73 Kodeksu postępowania administracyjnego. Postawił zatem na pierwszym miejscu prawo jednostki do informacji o procesie oraz jej prawo do obrony. Jest to spójne z zasadą zaufania obywatela do organów administracji publicznej oraz zasadą równości stron procesowych. Celem niniejszego artykułu była w pierwszej kolejności rekonstrukcja i ocena argumentacji sądu w kontekście odpowiedniego stosowania na gruncie postępowania egzekucyjnego w administracji art. 73 Kodeksu postępowania administracyjnego. W dalszej kolejności autor starał się uzupełnić i rozwinąć argumentację Sądu. W tym zakresie celem pracy było omówienie zasad rekonstrukcji normy prawnej w oparciu o przepis art. 73 § 1 k.p.a. w zw. z art. 18 u.p.e.a. Autor starał się wykazać konieczność stosowania metody wykładni systemowej oraz celowościowej w kontekście stosowania art. 73 k.p.a. w postępowania egzekucyjnego w administracji. W tym zakresie celem pracy było zaprezentowanie przesłanek jakie winny być brane pod uwagę w procesie wykładni tego przepisu.
Christ as King and High Priest in the Light of the Reign of the Hasmonean Dynasty (II-I Centuries B. C.)
Authors: Ириней Пиковский, 
Published: December 2022

Цель настоящего исследования - определить предпосылки использования образа Мелхиседека автором Послания к Евреям для указания на царское и первосвященническое достоинство Иисуса Христа (Евр. 7, 24-26; 8, 1; 10, 21 и др.). Вопрос о том, почему автор Послания взял именно Мелхиседека (см.: Быт. 14, 18-20; Пс. 109, 4) как образ избавителя царя-первосвященника, зачастую обходится исследователями стороной. Ответ на него, на наш взгляд, может быть найден при обращении к источникам, относящимся к периоду правления династии Хасмонеев и Ирода Великого в Иудее (163-4 гг. до н. э.), когда впервые в истории Израиля у власти оказались цари и первосвященники, которые ни по кровному преемству, ни по личным качествам не соответствовали патриархальным идеалам. Сравнительно-сопоставительный анализ источников раннего иудаизма и библейских текстов показывает, что ещё до Рождества Христова в Израиле возникли ожидания двух мессий: от колена Левия и от колена Иуды. Оба атрибута власти, по нашему мнению, весьма подходили к Иисусу, первосвященство которого совершалосьв нерукотворенной скинии (Евр. 9, 11). Отсюда мы можем прийти к выводу: автор Послания к Евреям совершенно неслучайно выбрал образ Мелхиседека для того, чтобы описать характер «вечного первосвященства» Иисуса Христа. Этому способствовала религиозно-политическая ситуация в Иудее перед разрушением Второго Храма (70 г. н. э.).
The purpose of this article is to determine the prerequisites for the use the image of Melchizedek by the author of the Epistle to the Hebrews (Heb. 7, 24-26; 8, 1; 10, 21, etc.). Why exactly Melchizedek (Gen. 14, 18-20; Ps. 109, 4) was taken by the author of the Epistle as the basis for the aspirations of the deliverer of the king-high priest, this question is often bypassed by researchers. The answer to it, in our opinion, can be found if we turn to the sources of the period of the Hasmonean dynasty and Herod the Great in Judea (163-4 BC), when for the rst time in the history of Israel, those kings and high priests came to power, who neither by blood succession nor by personal qualities did correspond to patriarchal ideals. A comparative analysis of the sources of early Judaism and biblical texts shows that even before the birth of Christ, there were expectations of two messiahs, from the tribe of Levi and from the tribe of Judah. Both attributes of power, in our opinion, were very appropriate for Jesus, whose high priesthood was performed in the «tabernacle not made by hands» (Heb. 9, 11). The writer of the Epistle to the Hebrews did not choose the image of Melchizedek by chance in order to describe the nature of the «eternal high priesthood» of Jesus Christ. This was facilitated by the religious and political situation in Judea before the destruction of the Second Temple (70 AD).
Philological Analysis of the Parable of the Evil Vinedressers and its Problems in Klyne Snodgrass
Authors: Александр Овчинников, 
Published: December 2022

Цель данного исследования показать особенности филологического разбора притч Господа Иисуса Христа как важную составляющую часть библейских критических исследований американского библеиста второй половины XX в. Клайна Снодграсса. В ходе исследования автор приходит к выводу, что филологический базис играет ключевую роль в библейских исследованиях Снодграсса и многие теологические построения американского библеиста относительно текста Священного Писания опираются именно на глубокую филологическую проработку этого текста.
In this work, the author aims to show the features of the philological analysis of the parables of the Lord Jesus Christ as an important part of the biblical critical studies of the American biblical scholar of the second half of the 20th century, Klyne Snodgrass. In the course of the study, the author comes to the conclusion that the philological basis for Snodgrass’s biblical studies plays a key role, and many theological constructions of the American biblical scholar regarding the text of Holy Scripture are based precisely on the deep philological study of this text.
Three Spiritual Stages: Purification, Illumination and Deification (κάθαρσις, φωτησμός / ἔλλαμψις, θέωσις) in the Byzantine Tradition
Authors: Дионисий Шлёнов, 
Published: December 2022

В XIV в. свт. Григорий Палама и его сторонники и продолжатели на основании предшествующей богословской и исихастской традиции Церкви акцентировали особое внимание на учении о видении нетварного Фаворского света и достижении - в состоянии предельной чистоты - состояний озарения и обожения. Известный греческий богослов православного мира прот. Иоанн Романидис в труде «Святоотеческое богословие» считал, что учение об очищении, озарении и обожении передаёт самую суть православия, которое во всех аспектах своего существования сводится именно к эти трём понятиям. В настоящей статье делается попытка дать исторический обзор каждого из трёх терминов, чтобы не только дать оценку взглядам о. Иоанна, но и рельефнее представить место паламитского богословия в более широкой святоотеческой традиции с внутренним идеалом святости как абсолютным императивом.
In the XIV century. St. Gregory Palamas and his supporters and successors, on the basis of the previous theological and hesychast tradition of the Church, focused special attention on the doctrine of seeing the uncreated Light of Tabor and achieving-in a state of ultimate purity- the states of illumination and dei cation. The well-known Greek theologian of the Orthodox world, Fr. John Romanidis, in his work Patristic Theology, believed that the doctrine of puri cation, illumination and dei cation conveys the very essence of Orthodoxy, which in all aspects of its existence comes down to these three concepts. This article attempts to give a historical overview of each of the three terms, in order not only to assess the views of Fr. John, but also more clearly present the place of Palamite theology in the broader patristic tradition with the internal ideal of holiness as an absolute imperative.
Sacramentological and Ecclesiological Aspect of the Soteriology of St. Cyril of Alexandria
Authors: Анатолий Липатов, 
Published: December 2022

Цель настоящей публикации - рассмотреть учение святителя Кирилла Александрийского о Церкви и её таинствах, без участия в которых человеку невозможно наследовать жизнь вечную. Свт. Кирилл учит о таинствах в ярко выраженном опытном аспекте сотериологии. Научная новизна исследования состоит в том, что поиск литературы по теме выявил отсутствие какой-либо исследовательской работы, специально посвящённой учению святителя о таинствах и их роли в отношении нашего спасения. Исключение составляет ряд публикаций, в которых рассматривается таинство Евхаристии в учении свт. Кирилла, однако данные исследования посвящены Евхаристии в рамках общего контекста его богословской системы. В настоящей публикации впервые в отечественной историографии предпринята попытка изучить сакраментологический и экклесиологический аспекты сотериологии великого святителя. В результате показано, что всё сотериологическое учение святителя Кирилла неизбежно соединяется с учением о Церкви и её таинствах.
The purpose of this publication is to consider the teaching of St. Cyril of Alexandria about the Church and its sacraments, without participation in which it is impossible for a person to inherit eternal life. St. Cyril teaches the sacraments in a strongly experiential aspect of soteriology. The scienti c novelty of the study lies in the fact that the search for literature on the topic revealed the absence of any research work speci cally devoted to the teaching of the saint about the sacraments and their role in relation to our salvation. The exception is a number of publications that deal with the sacrament of the Eucharist in the teaching of St. Cyril, however, these studies are devoted to the Eucharist within the general context of his theological system. In this publication, for the rst time in Russian historiography, an attempt was made to study the sacramentological and ecclesiological aspects of the soteriology of the great saint. As a result, it is shown that the whole soteriological teaching of St. Cyril is inevitably connected with the teaching about the Church and its sacraments.
“Human – Social Robot” Interaction: Through Overcoming Barriers to Hybrid Communication
Authors: Ignatyev V. I. , Spiridonova K. I. 
Published: December 2022

Introduction. The article analyzes the problems that arise during communication between a person and a social robot. Barriers that prevent a person from adapting to the specifics of communication tools embedded in the software of devices with artificial intelligence are revealed. Human reactions to the behavior of humanoid robots in various conditions of their use are analyzed. The presence of a person's desire to adapt to the behavior pattern of the device is checked. The authors also test the hypothesis of the emergence of hybrid communication as a way to overcome the barriers of human communication with smart devices. Methodology and sources.The approach implemented in the article interprets the communication of a person and a social robot as a similar subject-subject interaction of performers of social roles by heterogeneous communication participants who implement a model of mutual adaptation to the reactions of the Other. As the key methods there was used the method of observation, mediated by digital recordings of human communication situations with various types of devices. A nonobtrusive (unobtrusive) research method was applied, which excludes the contact of the researcher with the object of study. The sources were audiovisual documents containing recordings of a demonstration of human communication with a social robot.Results and discussion.A weak orientation of a person to adjust his reactions to actions on the part of a social robot with simultaneous attempts to modify his behavior with a focus on imitation of the robot was revealed. The development of hybrid reactions is affected by an increase in the duration of human communication with the device. To a greater extent, hybrid forms of communication continue to be present in the software embedded in social robots of its communication with a person.Conclusion. In the process of reproducing the stable nature of communication in the peculiarities of the behavior of each of the parties, there were ways of responding to overcome the blockade, not foreseen either by the developers of the algorithms or by a person entering into communication with a robot with the expectation of programmed “machine behavior”. Such a process remains predominantly one-sided and is not supplemented by the activity of the other party – a person, their participation in the synthesis of natural and artificial languages, which is impossible without modification of the language of the person oneself, and their cultural and bodily modifications.
A New Approach to the Zero Subject in English
Authors: Ibragimova E. J. , Shulzhenko T. V. , Shumkov A. А. 
Published: December 2022

Introduction. For “subject question” it is traditionally presumed, that the subject in it is the interrogative word or word combination. From logical point of view it is not correct, because the subject in such sentence is not yet found, and the interrogative word or word combination just “help” in searching for it. In English, it is marked by different syntactic means, for example, by the absence of the auxiliary verb. Also in subject question a formal particle “there” shows up; however, its functions are still unclear. That is why the objective of this work is to build a formal logical model of subject in interrogative English sentence, including the searched subjects, without or with the particle “there”.Methodology and sources. The research methodology is based on the binomiality idea, having been developed since 1993 at ETU “LETI” by means of the method of formal-logical modelling. The examples illustrating the functional features of the searched subject in English interrogative sentence were selected by means of the method of continuous sampling from 7 corpora. Results and discussion. The diversity of subject structures in English interrogative sentence is considered, taking into account possible functions of the formal particle “there”. The assumption is supported, that the implicit subject is a “trace” of the explicit subject and may not be considered as the absolute zero subject. It is the searched subject, which is an absolute zero subject, i.e. an inexplicit one and it is necessary to initiate specifying the notion of the zero subject with distinction of implicit and inexplicit subjects.Conclusion. Out of dependence on its environment, the searched subject in English is an absolute zero subject, i.e. an inexplicit one. Most often it is a strong or weak vacant semifinitive, fixed in the weak specifier, or, rarer, a weak vacant semifinitive, fixed in the strong specifier. In interrogative sentences of English, no subject can be explicit or implicit when it is searched for; the auxiliary verb in the absence of emphasis or negation does not disappear, but is transformed into a flexion. In the structure of negative interrogative sentences one can see their enhanced (and, actually, maximum) energetics.
Web Resources in a Surgeon’s Everyday Professional Routine
Authors: Shutova M. V. , Rocheva Ya. S. 
Published: December 2022

Introduction.Research is devoted to the modern initiative practices of using web resources, which surgeons use to build a career and advance in a professional environment or aim for self-training. A review of Russian-language sources showed that studies on the topic are almost absent. The work was based on the principles of pragmatic sociology and revealed structural and functional changes manifested in new ways to improve professional skills through the opportunities provided by digital technologies.Methodology and sources. The authors rely on systemic, structural-functional approaches and the methodology of the French school of pragmatic sociology to describe the changes that digital technologies bring to the social institution of medicine. Foreign sources show a high researchers' interest in this field. Foreign colleagues develop the topic of web resources used in the routine practice of a surgeon having regard to his / her specialization, goal setting, etc. The publication is based on a questionnaire survey of 252 surgeons and four indepth interviews.Results and discussion. Web resources and social media in the professional practice of doctors in general and individual specializations are at the initial stage of scientific and practical understanding of Russian sociology. Appealing to web resources to improve the professional level or prepare for surgery is part of the routine practice of surgeons. At the same time, surgeons lack technical and organizational support, the actual use of web resources is underestimated, and institutional web resources are less popular than specialized communities and individual social media channels. Conclusion. Russian surgeons act in a resource-constrained Internet technology environment in their working place, bound by the lack of technical capabilities for creating, storing, and distributing video archives, the lack of special tools, and, often, skills for editing and commenting on videos, operations, and maintaining social media. The professional representation of surgeons on web resources is their initiative, and videos of the surgical operation are uploaded spontaneously. The mastership of the surgeon and the quality of the surgical operation posted do not have institutionalized forms of regulation and evaluation by the professional community.
KECUKUPAN KONSUMSI BUAH DAN SAYUR PADA REMAJA PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 BERDASARKAN FAKTOR DEMOGRAFI
Authors: Siregar Mukhlidah Hanun , Rahmy Hafifatul Auliya 
Published: December 2022

<p class="16aJudulAbstrak"><span>Remaja merupakan masa terjadinya pertumbuhan yang cepat serta adanya perubahan komposisi tubuh, pematangan reproduksi dan perkembangan psikosial. Remaja memerlukan konsumsi buah dan sayur yang cukup untuk mempertahankan berat badan normal dan menghindari risiko penyakit kronis. Secara global, sebelum pandemic Covid-19 diketahui bahwa konsumsi buah dan sayur pada remaja sangat kurang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kecukupan konsumsi buah dan sayur remaja pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Data dikumpulkan pada bulan Juli 2020 menggunakan <em>form online</em> dan diperoleh jumlah responden sebanyak 309 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebesar 59,5% responden memiliki konsumsi buah dan sayur yang kurang. Sebagian besar hanya mengonsumsi buah atau sayur 2-3 kali per hari dan tidak dilakukan setiap hari dalam seminggu. Jenis buah yang paling sering dikonsumsi yaitu jeruk, dan jenis sayur yaitu kangkung. Namun, frekuensi tersebut belum sesuai dengan anjuran Kemenkes. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan edukasi gizi untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan remaja akan fungsi dan peran buah dan sayur sehingga dapat meningkatkan konsumsi buah dan sayur remaja. </span></p><div class="WordSection1"><p class="16cKataKunci"><strong>Kata kunci</strong> : konsumsi buah; konsumsi sayur; remaja</p></div>
ASSESSMEN FLUENCY OF THINKING, FLEXIBILITY, DAN ELABORATION CALON GURU FISIKA: DESAIN, DAN VALIDITAS
Authors: Marisda Dewi Hikmah , Hamid Yusri Handayani , R Riskawati , Samsi Andi Nur , M Murniati 
Published: December 2022

Pengembangan keterampilan berpikir kreatif merupakan salah satu fokus perhatian dalam perkuliahan Fisika Dasar. Pengembangan keterampilan berpikir kreatif penting dilakukan karena keterampilan ini merupakan keterampilan Abad 21 yang juga dikehendaki dunia kerja. Daya saing suatu bangsa dapat dilihat dari kreativitas yang dimiliki oleh Sumber Daya Manusia suatu negara. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengembangkan assessmen (tes) keterampilan berpikir kreatif untuk indikator berpikir lancar (fluency of thinking), berpikir luwes (flexibility), dan keterincian (elaboration). Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan dengan pendekatan Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation (ADDIE). Produk instrument tes keterampilan berpikir kreatif yang dihasilkan divalidasi oleh dua orang pakar, dan diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa assessmen yang dikembangkan sangat layak untuk digunakan. Selanjutnya diharapkan kepada dosen pengampu untuk mengembangkan penilaian yang berorientasi pada kecakapan Abad 21 (keterampilan berpikir kreatif, kritis, komunikasi, dan kolaborasi), tidak hanya terfokus pada penilaian pengetahuan kognitif saja. Instrument tes (assessmen) yang dikembangkan juga disesuaikan dengan capaian pembelajaran mata kuliah Fisika Dasar.
Evaluation of chromosome organization and microtubule arrangement in goat (capra aegragrus) oocytes after vitrification, in vitro maturation and fertilization, and early embryo development
Authors: González-Silvestry Fátima B. , Chirino Yolanda I. , Delgado-Buenrostro Norma L. , Medina-Reyes Estefany I. , Kjelland Michael E. , Parra-Forero Lyda Y. , Hernández-Ochoa Isabel , López-Baños Benito , Delgado-Tiburcio Guadalupe A. , Romo Salvador 
Published: December 2022

Objective: Evaluate the use of Ethylene Glycol (EG), Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO), Sucrose and Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) as cryoprotectants and their effect on the organization of chromosomes and the arrangement of microtubules, during the vitrification process in goat oocytes matured in vitro and in the development of preimplantation embryos produced in vitro.
Design/methodology/approach: In vitro matured oocytes were divided into 3 groups (control group, cryoprotectant exposed group, vitrified group). A mixture of 15% EG, 15% DMSO, 0.4 M sucrose and 20% FBS was used for the vitrification using the Cryotop device. In vitro matured oocytes were warmed and afterwards each group was divided into two more groups. Both groups were subjected to immunofluorescence, the first group to observe the damage produced to the chromosomes and microtubules and the second group to observe the effect on the in vitro embryo development.
Results: The combined use of 15% EG, 15% DMSO, 0.4 M Sucrose and 20% FBS during vitrification did not prevent cryoinjuries in goat oocytes and in vitro produced embryos, since embryo development was disrupted before the blastocyst stage by stopping cleavage at the morula stage. This disruption was associated with chromosome decondensation and the absence of a microtubule network, thereby hindering chromosomal segregation.
Limitations on study/implications: The effect of conventional cryoprotectants on chromosomes and microtubules arrangement on vitrified goat oocytes and in vitro embryo production.
Findings/conclusions: The combined use of 15% EG, 15% DMSO, 0.4 M sucrose and 20% FBS as vitrification cryoprotectants did not prevent cryoinjuries in caprine oocytes and did not improve caprine embryo development in vitro.