bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age‐specific incidence of joint disease in paediatric patients with haemophilia: A single‐centre real‐world outcome based on consecutive US examination
Authors: Mizoguchi Yoko , Tani Chihiro , Aizawa Mika , Tomioka Keita , Shimomura Maiko , Nishimura Shiho , Matsubara Yoshiko , Iwaki Daisuke , Tanaka Kiyoto , Kawaguchi Hiroshi , Nakashima Yuko , Mikami Yukio , Okada Satoshi , Kobayashi Masao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionJoint health is one of the most important factors contributing to a healthy life in patients with haemophilia. Recent study revealed that starting early prophylaxis was not enough to prevent joint disease in most paediatric patients with haemophilia.AimIn this study, we aimed to determine the age‐specific incidence of acute joint disease during childhood at single haemophilia treatment centre (HTC).MethodThe joint health in 48 patients was evaluated based on consecutive US testing for 5 years at annual multidisciplinary comprehensive care.ResultsDuring the study period, 23 patients (47.9%) had no joint disease since the initial examination, whereas 13 patients (27.0%) showed development from negative to positive findings. The incidence of joint disease increased with age: 0% in preschool, 5.3% in elementary school, 14.3% in junior high school and 35% beyond high school age. Among the 13 patients who developed joint disease, two experienced acquired synovitis that resolved during the follow‐up period. Statistical analysis revealed that the patients who routinely underwent follow‐up by the HTC exhibited a significantly lower incidence of joint disease than did those followed up at other institutions (p < .001).ConclusionThese results indicated that close check‐up, including routine joint examination using US as well as frequent assessment of pharmacokinetic profile at the HTC, might play an important role in avoiding joint disease among paediatric patients with haemophilia.
The effect of oil pulling in comparison with chlorhexidine and other mouthwash interventions in promoting oral health: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Jong Freda Jia Xin , Ooi Der Jiun , Teoh Siew Li 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesA meta‐analytic review was performed to critically synthesize the evidence of oil pulling on improving the parameters of gingival health, plaque control and bacteria counts against chlorhexidine and other mouthwash or oral hygiene practices.MethodsDatabases including Medline, Embase and bibliographies were searched from inception to 1 April 2023. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 7 days or longer duration of oil pulling with edible oils in comparison to chlorhexidine or other mouthwashes or oral hygiene practice concerning the parameters of plaque index scores (PI), gingival index scores (GI), modified gingival index scores (MGI) and bacteria counts were included. Cochrane's Risk of Bias (ROB) tool and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework were employed to determine the quality of evidence. Two authors independently conducted study selection and data extraction. Meta‐analyses of the effect of oil pulling on the parameters were conducted using an inverse‐variance random‐effects model.ResultsTwenty‐five trials involving 1184 participants were included. Twenty‐one trials comparing oil pulling (n = 535) to chlorhexidine (n = 286) and non‐chlorhexidine intervention (n = 205) were pooled for meta‐analysis. More than half of the trials (n = 17) involved participants with no reported oral health issues. The duration of intervention ranged from 7 to 45 days, with half of the trials using sesame oil. When compared to non‐chlorhexidine mouthwash interventions, oil pulling clinically and significantly improved MGI scores (Standardized mean difference, SMD = −1.14; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −1.31, −0.97). Chlorhexidine was more effective in reducing the PI scores compared to oil pulling, with an SMD of 0.33 (95% CI: 0.17, 0.49). The overall quality of the body of evidence was very low.ConclusionsThere was a probable benefit of oil pulling in improving gingival health. Chlorhexidine remained superior in reducing the amount of plaque, compared to oil pulling. However, there was very low certainty in the evidence albeit the clinically beneficial effect of oil pulling intervention.
Passing the Torch: Exploring how Tradition and Innovation Influence Coopetition among Street Performers
Authors: Mathias Blake D. , Solomon Shelby J. , Hutto Haley 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUnderstanding how and why firms concurrently compete and cooperate with each other represents an important and growing area of study. This research centres on how firms engage in coopetition. However, this does not account for how much of the modern world works – independently. Through an inductive field study of 80 New Orleans street performers, we explore how and why independent creative workers engage in competition and/or cooperation. In so doing, we advance theory on coopetition by extending its explanations to the individual level. We theorize the well‐established nature of creative industries encourages the belief in the need for deviating from the status quo by engaging in creativity and innovation, which we refer to as a trailblazing mindset. At the same time, we find that the accumulation of a long history of creative practices also fosters traditions. We theorize that tradition encourages the belief in the need to act as vested actors, or custodians, by passing work traditions from one generation to the next to allow the tradition to endure, which we refer to as the torchbearing mindset. Thus, torchbearing fosters cooperation while trailblazing fosters competition.
Protracted COVID‐19 pneumonitis early post‐ABO incompatible kidney transplantation: Management considerations and the role of whole genome sequencing
Authors: Stoler Sara , van Hal Sebastiaan J. , Chadban Steve , Le Thomas , Torzillo Paul , Scarlato Rose‐Marie , Wyburn Kate , Perkins Griffith B. , Marinelli Tina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe present the case of a recent ABO incompatible kidney transplant recipient with persistent SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and pneumonitis. Serial whole genome sequencing confirmed intra‐host viral evolution, which was used as a surrogate to confirm active viral replication and support re‐treatment with antivirals, late in the course of infection. A prolonged course of remdesivir combined with immunosuppression modulation resulted in successful clearance of virus and clinical improvement. The diagnostic process undertaken in this case provides a useful guide for other clinicians when approaching similar patients.
The role of gastric function in control of food intake (and body weight) in relation to obesity, as well as pharmacological and surgical interventions
Authors: Camilleri Michael 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurposeThe objectives of this review are to summarize the role of gastric motor functions in the development of satiation (defined broadly as postprandial fullness) and satiety (reduced appetite or postponing desire to eat after a meal) and their impact on weight change. The specific topics are the methods of measurement of gastric emptying and accommodation and their impact on food intake, satiation, and satiety. A second focus contrasts bariatric surgery to endoscopic gastroplasty that alter gastric emptying and incretin responses in markedly divergent manners.BackgroundThe hormone, GLP‐1, retards gastric emptying and increases gastric accommodation through vagally‐mediated effects. Indeed, these effects provide the basis for the association of altered gastric emptying in the appetite and weight loss responses to pharmacological interventions particularly by those acting on receptors of incretin agonists such as liraglutide and the dual agonists, tirzepatide and cotadutide, all of which retard gastric emptying. In fact, retardation of gastric emptying and gastrointestinal adverse effects have been shown to contribute in part to the weight loss in response to this class of pharmacological agents.SummaryThe motor functions of the stomach are relevant to postprandial fullness and to interventions aimed at weight loss in people with obesity.
MITF E318K: A rare homozygous case with multiple primary melanoma
Authors: Wallingford Courtney K. , Maas Ellie J. , Howard Antonia , DeBortoli Emily , Bhanja Deboshmita , Lee Katie , Mothershaw Adam , Jagirdar Kasturee , Willett Rod , Betz‐Stablein Brigid , Sturm Richard A. , Soyer H. Peter , McInerney‐Leo Aideen M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMITF E318K moderates melanoma risk. Only five MITF E318K homozygous cases have been reported to date, one in association with melanoma. This novel report uses 3D total‐body‐photography (TBP) to describe the dermatological phenotype of a homozygous MITF E318K individual. The case, a 32‐year‐old male, was diagnosed with his first of six primary melanomas at 26 years of age. Five melanomas were located on the back and one in the groin. Two were superficial spreading. Three arose from pre‐existing naevi and one was a rare naevoid melanoma. 3D‐TBP revealed a high naevus count (n = 162) with pigmentation varying from light to dark. Most naevi generally (n = 90), and large (>5 mm diameter) and clinically atypical naevi specifically were located on the back where sun damage was mild. In contrast, naevi count was low (n = 25 total) on the head/neck and lower limbs where sun damage was severe. Thus, melanoma location correlated with naevi density, rather than degree of sun damage. In addition to the MITF E318K homozygosity, there was heterozygosity for four other moderate‐risk variants, which may contribute to melanoma risk. Further research is warranted to explore whether melanomas in E318K heterozygous and other homozygotes coincide with regions of high naevi density as opposed to sun damage. This could inform future melanoma screening/surveillance.
Predictors of relationship satisfaction during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Ascigil Esra , Luerssen Anna , Gonzalez Richard , Gordon Amie M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPrior work and theory suggest many vulnerabilities, stressors, and adaptive processes shape relationship satisfaction. In the current research, we used machine learning to understand which constructs have greater predictive importance for perceived changes in satisfaction since the pandemic began and satisfaction over the prior week. In a large sample collected at the beginning of the pandemic (N = 1873; Study 1), relationship processes were most predictive, explaining up to 70% of variance in satisfaction. Feeling appreciative of one's partner and being satisfied with quality time spent with one's partner were consistently top predictors of satisfaction. We also examined whether these important predictors were associated with changes in relationship satisfaction across the first year of the pandemic in a longitudinal subsample (N = 618; Study 2). Appreciation and satisfaction with quality time were associated with high and relatively stable relationship satisfaction over time.
Genetic mapping and transcriptome profiling of a chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) mutant identifies a novel locus (CaEl) regulating organ size and early vigor
Authors: Misra Golu , Joshi‐Saha Archana 
Published: August 2023

SUMMARYChickpea is among the top three legumes produced and consumed worldwide. Early plant vigor, characterized by good germination and rapid seedling growth, is an important agronomic trait in many crops including chickpea, and shows a positive correlation with seed size. In this study, we report a gamma‐ray‐induced chickpea mutant with a larger organ and seed size. The mutant (elm) exhibits increased early vigor and contains higher proline that contributes to a better tolerance under salt stress at germination, seedling, and early vegetative phase. The trait is governed as monogenic recessive, with wild‐type allele being incompletely dominant over the mutant. Genetic mapping of this locus (CaEl) identified it as a previously uncharacterized gene (101503252) in chromosome 1 of the chickpea genome. There is a deletion of this gene in the mutant with a complete loss of expression. In silico analysis suggests that the gene is present as a single copy in chickpea and related legumes of the galegoid clade. In the mutant, cell division and expansion are affected. Transcriptome profiling identified differentially regulated transcripts related to cell division, expansion, cell wall organization, and metabolism in the mutant. The mutant can be exploited in chickpea breeding programs for increasing plant vigor and seed size.
“Found Objectionable”
Authors: Ban Sonay 
Published: August 2023

AbstractI explore how film censorship has increasingly shaped film production and circulation at film festivals, public screenings, and theatrical releases in post‐2000 Turkey. I argue that film censorship in Turkey now works through two levels. First, through direct intervention, whereby state institutions continue to censor film production. Although the renaming of control commissions from previous decades via the 2004 “Cinema Law” creates the illusion that censorship boards have been abolished, fieldwork data proves otherwise. Secondly, state institutions designate various non‐state actors as proxies of the state and grant them well‐calculated power to employ on their behalf when necessary. I draw upon fieldwork data and case studies to analyze how the political climate in Turkey has suppressed cultural production, freedom of expression, and political resistance to the Justice and Development Party (AKP) government both through bans on artistic expression and processes of delegitimization, targeting, threats, and violence.
Effect of Bronchial Blood Flow on Respiratory Heat Exchange: A Mathematical Analysis for Infectious Diseases
Authors: Soni Bharat , Mal Tarak Nath , Nayak Ameeya Kumar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The present study aims to mathematically analyze the role of bronchial blood flow on heat transfer in respiratory infections. In general, the exchange of heat transfer in various infectious diseases like COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 has adversely affected respiration by reducing the physiological efficiency of the human respiratory tract. The mechanism of heat exchange through airway walls with the bronchial blood circulation still needs to be thoroughly studied for infectious diseases. In this article, a three-dimensional (3D) spatio-temporal theoretical model is developed to estimate the possible role of bronchial blood on heat exchange during breathing. The local description of the model is presented in a comprehensive and consistent dimensionless framework to explicitly state the actual physiological background. The global description is framed by a multicompartment-based approach, and the algorithm is solved using an advanced numerical scheme to ensure computational tractability. The numerical study elucidates the role of inhalation air temperature, breathing cycles, blood perfusion rate, and mucosal hydration. The outcomes of the algorithm estimate the parameters of the isothermal saturation boundary (ISB), which is defined as the position in the respiratory tract where the temperature of inhaled air comes in equilibrium with the body core saturation temperature. The derived results help to understand the pathophysiological threshold limits and recommend the values to evaluate respiratory distress. With the variations of inspiratory flow conditions, it is observed that the ISB position shifts to the distal branches with the increment in inhalation temperature, breathing rate and virus infection, and decrement in blood perfusion rate. The two antiparallel effects are observed: inhalation of cold air transmits the viral infection, and inhalation of warm air produces thermal injury. However, both can be well controlled by suitable ventilation rates. The observed threshold values may be helpful in clinical trials to correlate the anatomic configuration with pathophysiology.
Fluid–Structure Interactions of Net Cages—Full-Scale Pushing Tests in the Field
Authors: Gao Sihan , Oppedal Frode , Olav Fosse Jan , Atle Tuene Stig , Christian Gansel Lars 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper presents field tests on a full-scale cage, with and without fish, being pushed by a boat in Masfjorden at various speeds. The purpose was to imitate the exposure of net cages to different currents. The tests involved measuring cage deformations, fish behaviors, and the corresponding flow upstream, downstream, and inside the cage. The study found that the experimental setup used can achieve predictable and stable upstream flow for a full-scale net cage. Based on pressure tag data, the volume reductions of the cage, both with and without fish, were estimated at different speeds. Both cases show a similar trend of cage volume reduction with respect to flow speeds as the previous studies. Moreover, the presence of fish had limited the influence on the net volume change. The reduction in speed inside and downstream from the cage was within the range reported in previous literature. Notably, when the cage becomes significantly deformed, it not only reduces flow speed but also alters flow directions, as evidenced by the high variability of flow direction inside the empty cage, particularly at high speeds. The measured flow speed inside the stocked cage also exhibited high variability, but the pattern of variation differed significantly from that of the empty cage, indicating the influence of fish. These findings suggest that traditional flow speed models might oversimplify the flow field in and around fish cages, especially in studies concerning the dispersion of particles, pathogens, and dissolved matter in and out of fish cages.
Psychiatric disorders in paediatric-onset immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: a nationwide Danish study
Authors: Jansson Sabine , Malham Mikkel , Carlsen Katrine , Ingels Helene , Jørgensen Marianne Hørby , Virta Lauri Juhani , Kolho Kaija-Leena , Rask Charlotte Ulrikka , Wewer Vibeke 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesTo investigate the frequency of psychiatric disorders before and after onset of paediatric-onset immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (pIMID).Study designIn a nationwide study from 1996 to 2018, we investigated psychiatric disorders in patients with paediatric-onset inflammatory bowel diseases, autoimmune liver diseases and rheumatic diseases, using Danish national healthcare and population registers. Each case was matched with up to 10 controls from the background population. The cumulative incidence for psychiatric disorders prior to pIMID onset in patients was compared with controls. Cox proportional regression was used to estimate adjusted HRs (aHR) with a 95% CI between cases and controls after the index date.ResultsWe included 11 208 cases (57% female) and 98 387 controls. The median age at disease onset was 12.5 years (IQR 8–15) and follow-up time 9.8 years (IQR 5–15). We found an association between psychiatric disorders before index date and a diagnosis of subsequent pIMID (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.2 to 1.4). Notably, after index date, cases also had an increased risk (aHR 1.6, 95% CI 1.5 to 1.7) of psychiatric disorders compared with controls. This risk was increased for all groups of psychiatric disorders. Female patients had an increased risk of suicide attempt after index date (aHR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1 to 1.8).ConclusionPatients with pIMID are at increased risk for a broad spectrum of psychiatric disorders both before and after onset of pIMID. The results support the need for awareness of psychiatric morbidity in this young patient group and the need for coordinated healthcare for those with comorbid states.
Re-exacerbation within 30 days of discharge is associated with poor prognosis in the following year among patients hospitalised with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a clinical cohort study
Authors: Wang Ye , He Ruoxi , Dong Fen , Liu Dongyan , Ren Xiaoxia , Yang Ting , Wang Chen 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundExacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (ECOPD) is a complex phenomenon, with marked heterogeneity in the aetiology, pathophysiology and clinical manifestations. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes of patients with 30-day exacerbation among those hospitalised with ECOPD in China.MethodsData from the Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Inpatient Registry were used in this study. The patients were divided into re-event and non-event groups based on the incidence of re-exacerbation within 30 days of discharge. Exacerbation, severe exacerbation and all-cause readmissions in the following 12 months were the outcomes of interest. The cumulative incidence rates and incidence densities were calculated. Multivariate hazard function models were used to determine the association between 30-day re-exacerbation and the long-term outcomes after accounting for the competing risk of death.ResultsRe-exacerbation within 30 days of discharge was observed in 4.9% (n=242) of the patients (n=4963). The cumulative incidence rates and incidence densities of exacerbation, severe exacerbation and all-cause readmissions in the event group were significantly higher than those in the non-event group. After adjustment, re-exacerbation within 30 days of discharge was associated with increased risks of exacerbation, severe exacerbation and all-cause readmissions in the following 12 months (adjusted HR: 3.85 (95% CI: 3.09 to 4.80), 3.46 (2.66 to 4.50) and 3.28 (2.52 to 4.25) accordingly).ConclusionRe-exacerbation of COPD within 30 days of discharge is a significant predictor of long-term prognosis. In clinical practice, short-term re-exacerbation is a significant clinical phenotype of ECOPD that requires careful management at the earliest.
Exemplarist medical ethics
Authors: Daly Daniel 
Published: August 2023

The field of medical ethics, such as the discipline of ethics in general, has traditionally focused on moral dilemmas and quandaries at the expense of ‘everyday’ moral issues. The methodologies, norms and principles of the field reflect this. Although the principle of double effect works well in adjudicating the provision of life-shortening medications to relieve pain, it fails to guide the vast majority of mundane moral decisions that providers make daily.This article contends that exemplarist medical ethics provides action guidance on everyday medical ethical issues. Further, it offers an ethical methodology that is not tethered to a comprehensive doctrine of the good.The paper develops an account of, and draws on Zagzebski’s exemplarist moral theory. It then describes how medical providers can morally deliberate by appealing to exemplars. I contend there are three modes of exemplarist action guidance: dialogue, emulation and substituted judgement. It demonstrates how each of these modes guides moral deliberation regarding quotidian medical ethical issues. The article then turns to a moral exemplar of medical practice, Dr. Jim O’Connell, who Tracy Kidder profiles in his 2023 book, Rough Sleepers: Dr. Jim O’Connell’s Urgent Mission to Bring Healing to Homeless People. The advantages and challenges of this approach are delineated before a brief conclusion.