bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient use of discarded vegetal residues as cost-effective feedstocks for microbial oil production
Authors: Gallego-García María , Moreno Antonio D. , González Alberto , Negro María José 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Horticultural intensive type systems dedicated in producing greenhouse vegetables are one of the primary industries generating organic waste. Towards the implementation of a zero-waste strategy, this work aims to use discarded vegetables (tomato, pepper and watermelon) as feedstock for producing microbial oil using the oleaginous yeast Cryptococcus curvatus.

Results
The soluble fraction, resulting after crushing and centrifuging these residues, showed C/N ratios of about 15, with a total carbohydrate content (mainly glucose, fructose and sucrose) ranging from 30 g/L to 65 g/L. Using these liquid fractions as substrate under a pulse-feeding strategy with a concentrated glucose solution resulted in an intracellular total lipid accumulation of about 30% (w/w) of the total dry cell weight (DCW). To increase this intracellular lipid content, the initial C/N content was increased from 15 to 30 and 50. Under these conditions, the process performance of the pulse-feeding strategy increased by 20–36%, resulting in a total intracellular lipid concentration of 35–40% DCW (w/w).

Conclusion
These results demonstrate the potential of discarded vegetables as a substrate for producing bio-based products such as microbial oil when proper cultivation strategies are available.
Spontaneous nosocomial Proteus mirabilis meningitis in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-infected adult patient: a case report
Authors: Sood Radhika , Walo Chadrack , Burton Rosie , Khalife Mohamad , Dicko Astan , Mangana Freddy 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Gram-negative bacillary meningitis remains a rare occurrence, even in patients with human immunodeficiency virus. Current literature only describes anecdotal cases of spontaneous nosocomial Proteus mirabilis meningitis. This report describes the clinical manifestations and management of a patient with healthcare-associated spontaneous Gram-negative bacillary meningitis in a patient with advanced human immunodeficiency virus disease.

Case presentation
A 23-year-old Congolese female was hospitalized in a human immunodeficiency virus specialized center for ongoing weight loss, chronic abdominal pain, and vomiting 9 months after initiation of treatment for tuberculosis meningitis. Hospitalization was complicated by healthcare-associated Gram-negative bacillary meningitis on day 18. Blood and cerebrospinal fluid cultures confirmed Proteus mirabilis. Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed extended spectrum beta-lactamase resistant to common antibiotics, and sensitive to meropenem. Despite initiation of high-dose meropenem by intravenous infusion (2 g every 8 hours), the patient did not improve, and died after 4 days of meropenem treatment. Gram-negative bacillary meningitis remains rare and is associated with an unfavorable prognosis.

Conclusions
This case report highlights the importance of microbiological identification of pathogens in resource-limited settings. As Gram-negative bacillary meningitis does not present with pleocytosis in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus, a negative lumbar puncture cannot exclude this diagnosis. Access to clinical bacteriology in resource-limited settings is essential to enable correct antibiotic treatment and avoid overuse of antibiotics to which there is already resistance. It further plays an essential role in public health by identifying antibiotic susceptibilities. Infection prevention and control measures must be reinforced in order to protect patients from such avoidable healthcare-associated infections.
Crouzon syndrome complicated with binocular strabismus and extraocular muscle fibrosis: a case report
Authors: Niu Yuling , Xu Jin , Ye Rushan , Dai Zixian , Jin Ling , Geng Wenwen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Crouzon syndrome, a rare genetic disorder characterized by premature closure of coronal sutures, results in skull and facial deformities along with abnormal brain and ocular development.

Case presentation
Here, we report a case of a 27-year-old ethnic han male patient who presented with complex binocular strabismus secondary to Crouzon syndrome. At the time of surgery, extraocular muscles were found to be fibrotic and results of the pathological examination revealed degeneration of muscle fibers, which were replaced by adipose tissue. The entire exome sequencing DNA testing indicated that the patient and his father possessed the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) gene c.G812T:p.G271V heterozygous mutation. Binocular strabismus corrective surgery was performed in this patient with a satisfactory outcome.

Conclusions
This case demonstrates that Crouzon syndrome patients can show an FGFR2 gene c.G812T:p.G271V mutation and display clinical symptoms such as extraocular muscle fibrosis, exotropia, exophthalmos, and a pointed head deformity.
Impact of framing scheme optimization and smoking status on binding potential analysis in dynamic PET with [11C]ABP688
Authors: Régio Brambilla Cláudia , Scheins Jürgen , Tellmann Lutz , Issa Ahlam , Herzog Hans , Shah N. Jon , Neuner Irene , Lerche Christoph W. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
For positron emission tomography (PET) ligands, such as [11C]ABP688, to be able to provide more evidence about the glutamatergic hypothesis in schizophrenia (SZ), quantification bias during dynamic PET studies and its propagation into the estimated values of non-displaceable binding potential (BPND) must be addressed. This would enable more accurate quantification during bolus + infusion (BI) neuroreceptor studies and further our understanding of neurological diseases. Previous studies have shown BPND-related biases can often occur due to overestimated cerebellum activity (reference region). This work investigates whether an alternative framing scheme can minimize quantification biases propagated into BPND, whether confounders, such as smoking status, need to be controlled for during the study, and what the consequences for the data interpretation following analysis are. A group of healthy controls (HC) and a group of SZ patients (balanced and unbalanced number of smokers) were investigated with [11C]ABP688 and a BI protocol. Possible differences in BPND quantification as a function of smoking status were tested with constant 5 min (‘Const 5 min’) and constant true counts (‘Const Trues’) framing schemes. In order to find biomarkers for SZ, the differences in smoking effects were compared between groups. The normalized BPND and the balanced number of smokers and non-smokers for both framing schemes were evaluated.

Results
When applying F-tests to the ‘Const 5 min’ framing scheme, effect sizes (η2p) and brain regions which showed significant effects fluctuated considerably with F = 50.106 ± 54.948 (9.389 to 112.607), P-values 0.005 to < 0.001 and η2p = 0.514 ± 0.282 (0.238 to 0.801). Conversely, when the ‘Const Trues’ framing scheme was applied, the results showed much smaller fluctuations with F = 78.038 ± 8.975 (86.450 to 68.590), P < 0.001 for all conditions and η2p = 0.730 ± 0.017 (0.742 to 0.710), and regions with significant effects were more robustly reproduced. Further, differences, which would indicate false positive identifications between HC and SZ groups in five brain regions when using the ‘Const 5 min’ framing scheme, were not observed with the ‘Const Trues’ framing.

Conclusions
Based on an [11C]ABP688 PET study in SZ patients, the results show that non-consistent BPND outcomes can be propagated by the framing scheme and that potential bias can be minimized using ‘Const Trues’ framing.
Minimal-access video-assisted retroperitoneal and/or transperitoneal debridement (VARTD) in the management of infected walled-off pancreatic necrosis with deep extension: initial experience from a prospective single-arm study
Authors: Wei Wanjie , Tang Yongliang , Peng Zuxiang , Xie Jun , Deng Zhaoxia , Yuan Tao , Tang Chun , Pi Ruxian , Wang Shunan , Zhao Siqi , Wang Lu , Li Chunxue , Wang Yaoli , Zhang Peng , Wu Zhengbin , Wan Yafeng , Ma Yan , Tang Wen , Liang Xianchun , Liu Kun , Wang Wei , Liang Xianyi , Zeng Dongmei , Li Shan , Liu Hongming 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
The currently preferred minimally invasive approaches have substantially improved outcomes of infected walled-off pancreatic necrosis (iWON). However, iWON with deep extension (iWONde) still poses a tricky challenge for sufficient necrosis evacuation by one stand-alone approach, often requiring repeated interventions. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness and safety of a minimal-access video-assisted retroperitoneal and/or transperitoneal debridement (hereafter called VARTD) in the management of iWONde.

Methods
Patients who had developed an iWONde were recruited to receive the VARTD in this prospective single-arm study. The primary efficacy endpoint was clinical improvement up to day 28 after the VARTD, defined as a ≥ 75% reduction in size of necrotic collection (in any axis) on CT and clinical resolution of sepsis or organ dysfunction. The primary safety endpoint was a composite of major complications or death during follow-up. Six-month postdischarge follow-up was available.

Results
Between July 18, 2018, and November 12, 2020, we screened 95 patients with necrotizing pancreatitis; of these, 21 iWONde patients (mean [SD] age, 42.9 [11.7] years; 10 [48%] women) were finally enrolled. The primary efficacy endpoint was achieved by most participants (14/21, 67%). No participants required repeated interventions. The primary safety endpoint occurred in six patients (29%). Except one in-hospital death attributable to repeated intra-abdominal hemorrhage, others were discharged without any major complication.

Conclusions
The VARTD approach appears to have a reasonable efficacy with acceptable complication rates and thus might be an option for improving clinical management of iWONde.

Trial registration
This study is registered with Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (chictr.org.cn number, ChiCTR1800016950).
Percutaneous fractionated radiotherapy of the groin to eliminate lymphatic fistulas after vascular surgery
Authors: Jazmati Danny , Tamaskovics Bálint , Hoff Norman-Philipp , Homey Bernhard , Bölke Edwin , Boyomo Belebenie , Garabet Waseem , Haussmann Jan , Budach Wilfried , Neuwahl Judith , Schelzig Hubert , Corradini Stefanie , van Griensven Martijn , Fischer Johannes , Knoefel Wolfram Trudo , Pegani John , Pedoto Alessia , Antoch Gerald , Kirchner Julian , Lüdde Tom , Freise Noemi F. , Feldt Torsten , Jensen Björn-Erik Ole , Keitel Verena , Matuschek Christiane 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Vascular surgery of the inguinal area can be complicated by persistent lymphatic fistulas. Rapid and effective treatment is essential to prevent infection, sepsis, bleeding, and possible leg amputation. Current data on irradiation of lymphatic fistulas lack recommendation on the appropriate individual and total dose, the time of irradiation, and the target volume. Presumably, a dose of 0.3–0.5 to 1–12 Gy should be sufficient for the purpose. Currently, radiotherapy is a “can” recommendation, with a level 4 low evidence and a grade C recommendation, according to the DEGRO S2 guidelines. As part of a pilot study, we analyzed the impact and limitations of low-dose radiation therapy in the treatment of inguinal lymphatic fistulas.

Patients and methods
As a part of an internal quality control project, patients with lymphatic fistulas irradiated in the groin area after vascular surgery for arterial occlusive disease (AOD) III-IV, repair of pseudo aneurysm or lymph node dissection due to melanoma were selected, and an exploratory analysis on retrospectively collected data performed.

Results
Twelve patients (10 males and 2 females) aged 62.83 ± 12.14 years underwent open vascular reconstruction for stage II (n = 2), III (n = 1), and IV (n = 7) arterial occlusive disease (AOD), lymph node dissection for melanoma (n = 1) or repair of a pseudoaneurysm (n = 1). Surgical vascular access was obtained through the groin and was associated with a persistent lymphatic fistula, secreting more than 50 ml/day. Patients were irradiated five times a week up to a maximum of 10 fractions for the duration of the radiation period. Fraction of 0.4 Gy was applied in the first 7 cases, while 5 patients were treated with a de-escalating dose of 0.3 Gy. There was a resolution of the lymphatic fistula in every patient without higher grade complications.

Conclusion
Low-dose irradiation of the groin is a treatment option for persistent lymphatic fistula after inguinal vascular surgery.
Glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1) genetic polymorphisms and the outcomes of sudden sensorineural hearing loss
Authors: Chien Chen-Yu , Tai Shu-Yu , Li Kuan-Hui , Yang Hua-Ling , Wang Ling-Feng , Ho Kuen-Yao , Chang Ning-Chia 
Published: February 2023

Background The glucocorticoid receptor gene ( NR3C1) encodes the receptor to which cortisol and other glucocorticoids bind. Steroids in either oral, intratympanic, or intravascular forms are the treatment of choice for sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL), but the outcome varies. The outcomes of SSNHL have been investigated for related factors, including age, initial hearing loss severity and pattern, vertigo, genetic variations, and the time between onset and treatment. The objective of the present study was to analyze the association of genetic polymorphisms of NR3C1 with the outcomes of SSNHL. Materials and methods We conducted a comparison study of 93 cases with a poor outcome (control) and 100 cases with a good outcome (case) in SSNHL patients. Six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected. The genotypes were determined using TaqMan technology. Results The heterozygous AT genotype of rs17100289 was associated with a poor outcome in comparison with the major homozygous AA genotype after adjustments for age and sex (OR = 0.50; 95% CI 0.26–0.95; P = 0.035) in SSNHL patients. The CT genotype of rs4912912 was also associated with a poor outcome compared with the major homozygous TT genotype after the adjustments (OR = 0.47; 95% CI 0.24–0.92; P = 0.026). Conclusion These results suggest that NR3C1 genetic polymorphisms may influence the outcomes of SSNHL. Graphical Abstract
Gender differences in publication rates at Canadian Society of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery annual meetings: An 11-year analysis
Authors: Mavedatnia Dorsa , Payandeh Jennifer , Neocleous Penelope , Davidson Jacob , Dzioba Agnieszka , Strychowsky Julie E. , Graham M. Elise 
Published: February 2023

Background Evaluating gender differences in publication rates after conference presentations is an avenue to assess women's contributions to academic medicine. The objective of this study was to assess gender differences in publication rates, time to publication, and subspeciality of publication of abstracts presented at Canadian otolaryngology conferences over an 11-year period. Methods Cross-sectional data was obtained from online conference schedules of annual Canadian Society of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery national meetings between 2009 and 2020. A total of 2111 abstract titles were searched in MedLine via PubMed. Gender of the first and senior author, publication status of presented work, and subspeciality of publication were extracted. Results Of 2111 scientific abstracts presented between 2009 and 2020, female first and senior authors accounted for 29.0% and 12.8% of published abstracts, respectively. There was a significant difference in the publication rate of senior authors by gender ( p < 0.01). Male senior authors had a 9.70% higher rate of publication compared to female senior authors. Posters with a female first author were 33.0% (OR: 0.67; 95% CI 0.49–0.91) less likely to be published compared to posters with a male first author. Similarly, posters with a female senior author were 34.0% (OR: 0.66; 95% CI 0.45–0.96) less likely to be published. There was a significant difference in discipline of publication by gender of the senior author ( p < 0.001). Male senior authors were more likely to supervise projects in otology while female senior authors were more likely to supervise projects in education and pediatrics. The time to publication and impact factor of the journal of publication did not differ by gender. Conclusion Gender disparities exist in the publication rates of first and senior authors at Canadian otolaryngology meetings. Female senior authors have significantly lower publication rates compared to their male colleagues and differences exist in publication rates after poster presentations. Investigation of gender gaps in academic medicine, research productivity, and publications is essential for development of a diverse, equitable, and inclusive workforce in otolaryngology. Graphical Abstract
Investigation of image-based lesion and kidney dosimetry protocols for 177Lu-PSMA-I&T therapy with and without a late SPECT/CT acquisition
Authors: Resch Sandra , Takayama Fouladgar Sarah , Zacherl Mathias , Sheikh Gabriel T. , Liubchenko Grigory , Rumiantcev Mikhail , Unterrainer Lena M. , Wenter Vera , Bartenstein Peter , Ziegler Sibylle I. , Ilhan Harun , Beyer Leonie , Böning Guido , Delker Astrid 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
177Lu-PSMA therapy has been successfully used to prolong the survival of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Patient-specific dosimetry based on serial quantitative SPECT/CT imaging can support the understanding of dose–effect relationships. However, multiple SPECT/CT measurements can be challenging for patients, which motivates the investigation of efficient sampling schedules and their impact on dosimetry. In this study, different time samplings with respect to the number and timing of SPECT/CT acquisitions with and without a late measurement were investigated.

Materials and methods
In total, 43 lesions and 10 kidneys of 5 patients receiving 177Lu-PSMA-I&T therapy were investigated. Whole-body SPECT/CT measurements were performed at 1, 2, 3 and 7 days post-injection. For both lesions (isocontour-based segmentation) and kidneys (CT-based segmentation), a reference model was employed including all four time points. To identify the best-matching fit function out of a pre-defined set of models, visual inspection, coefficients of variation and sum of squared errors were considered as goodness-of-fit criteria. Biologically effective doses (BEDs) calculated with different time samplings (days 1, 2, 3/1, 2, 7/1, 3, 7/2, 3, 7 and 1, 2/1, 3/1, 7) were compared to the reference.

Results
The best-fit function was found to be a mono-exponential model for lesions and a bi-exponential model with a population-based parameter and two free parameters for kidneys. The BEDs calculated with the time sampling 1, 3, 7 days showed the lowest deviations from the reference for lesions with 4 ± 5%. Without day 7, still 86% of all lesions showed deviations from the reference < 10%. The outlier deviations showed a positive correlation with the effective half-life of the respective lesions. For kidneys, including days 1, 2, 3 achieved the best results with 0 ± 1%. Generally, deviations for kidneys were found to be small for all time samplings (max. 13%).

Conclusions
For combined optimization of the SPECT/CT time sampling for kidney and lesion dosimetry during 177Lu-PSMA-I&T therapy, the sampling with days 1, 3, 7 showed the smallest deviation from the reference. Without a late acquisition, using the schedule with days 1, 2, 3 is likewise feasible.
m6A-related lncRNA-based immune infiltration characteristic analysis and prognostic model for colonic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Hao-lun , Ye Zhuo-miao , He Zi-yun , Huang Lu , Liu Zhi-hui 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Colonic adenocarcinoma (COAD) is a common gastrointestinal tract tumor, and its occurrence and progression are typically associated with genomic instability, tumor-suppressor gene and oncogene mutations, and tumor mutational load. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of RNAs and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression are important in tumorigenesis and progression. However, the regulatory roles of m6A‐associated lncRNAs in the tumor microenvironment, stratification of prognosis, and immunotherapy are unclear.

Methods
We screened 43 prognostic lncRNAs linked to m6A and performed consistent molecular typing of COAD using consensus clustering. The single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and ESTIMATE algorithms were used to assess the immune characteristics of different subgroups. Covariation between methylation-related prognostic lncRNAs was eliminated by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression. A nomogram was created and evaluated by combining the methylation-related prognostic lncRNA model with other clinical factors. The relationship between the prognostic model grouping and microsatellite instability, immunophenotype score, and tumor mutation burden was validated using R scripts. Finally, we used a linkage map to filter sensitive medicines to suppress the expression of high-risk genes.
Three m6A-associated lncRNA modes were identified in 446 COAD specimens with different clinical endpoints and biological statuses. Risk scores were constructed based on the m6A-associated lncRNA signature genes. Patients with lower risk scores showed superior immunotherapy responses and clinical benefits compared to those with higher risk scores. Lower risk scores were also correlated with higher immunophenotype scores, tumor mutation burden, and mutation rates in significantly mutated genes (e.g., FAT4 and MUC16). Piperidolate, quinostatin, and mecamylamin were screened for their abilities to suppress the expression of high-risk genes in the model.

Conclusions
Quantitative assessment of m6A-associated lncRNAs in single tumors can enhance the understanding of tumor microenvironment profiles. The prognostic model constructed using m6A-associated lncRNAs may facilitate prognosis and immunotherapy stratification of patients with COAD; finally, three drugs with potential therapeutic value were screened based on the model.
Cervical catheter placement leads to improved rostral distribution of a radiolabeled 18F-baclofen analog in cynomolgus monkeys
Authors: Duclos Brian A. , Roegge Cindy , Dobson Howard , Haller Scott , Bodner Jeff , Pannem Sanjana , Gesaman Janelle , Nourmohammadi Amin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Intrathecal (IT) catheter delivery of baclofen via continuous infusion using an implantable pump is an important means of treating patients with severe spasticity. We evaluated the impact of IT catheter tip placement (upper vs. lower) on brain and spine distribution of a radioactive tracer molecule.

Methods
Cynomolgus monkeys were implanted with an IT catheter, with the distal tip located at either C1 or T10 and attached to an implanted continuous infusion pump. A radioactive tracer molecule, an 18F-baclofen analog, and PET imaging were utilized to observe tracer distribution and quantitate levels of tracer in both the brain and spine according to catheter tip location.

Results
It was consistently determined that a high cervical (C1) catheter tip placement resulted in both more rapid distribution and higher concentrations of radiotracer in the brain and upper spine compared with lower thoracic (T10) during the first 6 hours of infusion.

Conclusions
These results indicate that delivery of 18F-baclofen by IT catheter results in repeatable proportional distribution within regions of the brain and spine. The data also suggest that the greatest exposure to the brain and cervical spinal cord occurs when the catheter tip is located at the first cervical vertebra.