bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Olaparib as treatment for platinum‐sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer by BRCA mutation and homologous recombination deficiency: Phase 2 LIGHT study final overall survival analysis
Authors: Liu Ying L. , Mathews Cara A. , Simpkins Fiona , Cadoo Karen A. , Provencher Diane , McCormick Colleen C. , ElNaggar Adam C. , Altman Alon D. , Gilbert Lucy , Black Destin , Kabil Nashwa , Taylor Rosie N. , Barnicle Alan , Munley Jiefen Y. , Aghajanian Carol 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundLIGHT (oLaparib In HRD‐Grouped Tumor types; NCT02983799) prospectively evaluated olaparib treatment in patients with platinum‐sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer (PSROC) assigned to cohorts by known BRCA mutation (BRCAm) and homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) status: germline BRCAm (gBRCAm), somatic BRCAm (sBRCAm), HRD‐positive non‐BRCAm, and HRD‐negative. At the primary analysis, olaparib treatment demonstrated activity across all cohorts, with greatest efficacy in terms of objective response rate and progression‐free survival observed in the g/sBRCAm cohorts. The authors report final overall survival (OS).MethodsIn this phase 2, open‐label, noncomparative study, patients with PSROC and one or more prior line of platinum‐based chemotherapy were assigned to cohorts by BRCAm and HRD status. OS was a secondary end point. Tumors were analyzed using Myriad BRACAnalysis CDx and MyChoice CDx assays; HRD‐positive tumors were defined using a genomic instability score of ≥42.ResultsOf 272 enrolled patients, 271 received olaparib and 270 met the inclusion criteria for the efficacy analysis. At data cutoff, 18‐month OS rates in the gBRCAm, sBRCAm, HRD‐positive non‐BRCAm, and HRD‐negative cohorts were 86.4%, 88.0%, 78.6%, and 59.6%, respectively. No new safety signals were observed. In a post hoc analysis, patients on treatment for >18 months were most frequently present in g/sBRCAm cohorts (31.0%).ConclusionsOlaparib treatment continued to demonstrate benefit across all cohorts. Consistent with the primary analysis, the highest OS rates were observed in the BRCAm cohorts, regardless of g/sBRCAm. In patients without a BRCAm, a higher OS rate was observed in the HRD‐positive non‐BRCAm than the HRD‐negative cohorts. These results highlight the importance of biomarker testing in this treatment setting.
High Throughput Mutational Scanning of a Protein via Alchemistry on a High‐Performance Computing Resource
Authors: Guclu Tandac F. , Tayhan Busra , Cetin Ebru , Atilgan Ali Rana , Atilgan Canan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAntibiotic resistance presents a significant challenge to public health, as bacteria can develop resistance to antibiotics through random mutations during their life cycles, making the drugs ineffective. Understanding how these mutations contribute to drug resistance at the molecular level is crucial for designing new treatment approaches. Recent advancements in molecular biology tools have made it possible to conduct comprehensive analyses of protein mutations. Computational methods for assessing molecular fitness, such as binding energies, are not as precise as experimental techniques like deep mutational scanning. Although full atomistic alchemical free energy calculations offer the necessary precision, they are seldom used to assess high throughput data as they require significantly more computational resources. We generated a computational library using deep mutational scanning for dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), a protein commonly studied in antibiotic resistance research. Due to resource limitations, we analyzed 33 out of 159 positions, identifying 16 single amino acid replacements. Calculations were conducted for DHFR in its drug‐free state and in the presence of two different inhibitors. We demonstrate the feasibility of such calculations, made possible due to the enhancements in computational resources and their optimized use.
Simultaneous Ring‐Opening and Dehydrogenation of Diarylethene Induced by Tunneling Electrons
Authors: Sato Hirokazu , Lee Taehwan , Lee Minhui , Kazuma Emiko , Kim Yousoo , Jung Jaehoon , Ko Kyoung Chul , Shimizu Tomoko K. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractUnderstanding the reversible transformation between two isomeric states of organic molecules under external stimulation is essential for advancing single‐molecule device development. Photochromic diarylethene (DAE) derivatives are promising candidates for single molecular switching elements. This study investigates the single‐molecule reactions of the closed‐form isomer of a DAE derivative on Cu(111) using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). A novel ring‐opening pathway, distinct from the well‐known photochromic isomerization, was discovered. Electron injection into the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals induces the sequential anchoring of molecules to the substrate through the dehydrogenation of a methyl group at the 2‐position of the thiophene ring. This mechanism was revealed by density functional theory calculations and STM simulations. The adsorption configurations for singly and doubly dehydrogenated DAEs were identified. Based on these findings, a new reaction mechanism extending beyond reversible isomeric reactions is proposed for DAE on Cu(111). The present work establishes a novel framework for future studies on single‐molecule switching phenomena on metal substrates.
Preparative Isolation of N‐glycans from Natural Sources Mediated by a Deglycosylating Heterogeneous Biocatalyst in Flow
Authors: Serna Sonia , Comino Natalia , Reichardt Niels C. , López-Gallego Fernando 
Published: January 2025

EEfficient methods for isolating N‐glycans are essential to understanding the functions and characteristics of the entire N‐glycome. Enzymatic release using PNGaseF is the most effective approach for releasing mammalian N‐glycans for analytical purposes. However, the use of PNGaseF for preparative N‐glycan isolation is precluded due to the enzyme's cost and limited stability. In this work, we develop a PNGaseF heterogeneous biocatalyst for the preparative isolation of N‐glycans from natural sources. By controlling the immobilization conditions, 100‐85% of offered PNGaseF is immobilized on aldehyde‐functionalized agarose porous microbeads through distinct protein orientations, achieving different performances. The enzyme orientation through the N‐terminus provides the best activity/operational stability balance, being 20% more efficient than that randomly oriented. This active and stable heterogeneous biocatalyst eases its application in a packed bed reactor (PBR) for continuous release of free N‐glycans from a model glycoprotein. This PBR processes 1g of ovalbumin from chicken egg white to isolate 95% of its N‐glycans upon operating the PBR for 7 days. Finally, by tuning the flow rate, we can control the profile of N‐glycans isolated due to different enzyme kinetics for the deglycosylation reactions. In‐line methodologies to isolate N‐glycans open new paths for more sustainable protocols to prepare relevant glycans.
Usefulness and safety of remimazolam in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: A comparative study between elderly and non‐elderly patients
Authors: Ichijima Ryoji , Ikehara Hisatomo , Yamaguchi Daisuke , Nagata Yasuhiko , Ogura Kanako , Esaki Mitsuru , Minoda Yosuke , Ono Hiroyuki , Maeda Yuki , Kiriyama Shinsuke , Sumiyoshi Tetsuya , Kanmura Yuichi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectivesIn gastroenterology, sedation demand is increasing, although elderly patients are more prone to experiencing adverse events. Remimazolam, a novel ultra‐short‐acting benzodiazepine, may reduce recovery time after endoscopic procedures.MethodsThis study was a secondary analysis of the investigator‐initiated trial, which investigated the efficacy and safety of remimazolam in gastrointestinal endoscopy (REM‐IICT JP01). Remimazolam sedation was administered during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Patients were divided into two groups: 45 non‐elderly and 11 elderly patients (aged ≥65 years). The primary outcome was sedation success. Secondary outcomes included the dose required for sedation, time to awakening, time to regain the ability to walk, and occurrence of adverse events.ResultsEndoscopic sedation was successful in 95.6% of the non‐elderly group and 100% of the elderly group. The total dose of remimazolam was significantly higher in the non‐elderly group (4.0 [3.0–8.0] mg) than in the elderly group (3.0 [2.0–3.0] mg; p < 0.01). The time to awakening was 0.0 (0.0–10.0) min in the non‐elderly group compared to 0.0 (0.0–30.0) min (p = 0.98) in the elderly group. The time to regain the ability to walk was significantly longer in the elderly group (5.0 [0.0–60.0] min) than in the non‐elderly group (5.0 [0.0–30.0] min; p = 0.03). During the procedure, adverse events included hypotension in two cases (4.4%) in the non‐elderly group and hypoxemia in one case (9.0%) in the elderly group.ConclusionsUpper gastrointestinal endoscopy with remimazolam was effective and safe, regardless of age.
Endoscopic incisional balloon dilation combined with anti‐scarring agents for postoperative esophageal anastomotic strictures
Authors: Kumagai Ken , Takada Yutaka , Sugimoto Ayaka , Sakagami Shinjiro , Akioka Yuri , Mitani Rie , Oshima Akihiro , Kitade Masayuki , Oshiro Manami , Katsuyama Sonoka , Ota Shogo , Adachi Kanna , Shimada Yukari , Hayashi Motohito , Itami Atsushi , Itani Toshinao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe management of locally advanced esophageal cancer typically involves esophagectomy; however, postoperative complications, particularly anastomotic stricture, remain prevalent. Anastomotic stricture can severely compromise patients' quality of life by leading to difficulties in food intake. Although endoscopic balloon dilation has become a standard treatment for gastrointestinal strictures, its efficacy is often limited due to the risk of perforation and the potential for recurrent stricture, necessitating multiple interventions. Recent advancements have introduced endoscopic radial incision and cutting methods, which aim to enhance patency by excising scar tissue. We experienced a case resistant to the radial incision and cutting therapy, necessitating further intervention strategies. This report details our experience utilizing a novel technique, endoscopic incisional balloon dilation, which combines endoscopic incisional technique and balloon dilation therapy with anti‐scarring medications, in cases of refractory anastomotic strictures following esophageal cancer resection. We present three challenging cases in which endoscopic incisional balloon dilation yielded significant clinical improvements, alongside supportive literature. Our findings suggest that endoscopic incisional balloon dilation is an effective and safer alternative to conventional methods, capable of addressing complex stricture scenarios while potentially enhancing patient outcomes and quality of life.
Optimization of Wetland Environmental DNA Metabarcoding Protocols for Great Lakes Region Herpetofauna
Authors: Ruppert Olivia M. , Homola Jared J. , Kanefsky Jeannette , Swinehart Alyssa , Scribner Kim T. , Robinson John D. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMany species of reptiles and amphibians (herpetofauna) rely on wetlands that are being degraded and lost at a high rate. Characterization of herpetofauna diversity in different wetland types may help guide conservation strategies. However, traditional survey methods often involve sampling within small temporal windows, and the gear deployed may be taxonomically biased, thus, they may fail to accurately characterize species presence/absence and diversity. In contrast, environmental (e)DNA metabarcoding has been shown to effectively survey entire aquatic communities and can provide a useful complement to traditional surveys. The objective of this study was to design and optimize eDNA sampling and laboratory protocols for wetland herpetofauna. Protocols evaluated included different water sampling approaches (point versus transect sampling), seasonality of sampling, and choice of metabarcoding marker (mitochondrial 12S versus 16S rDNA). Samples collected from 10 sites across southern Michigan detected 17 amphibian and five reptile species, including four species of conservation concern (Ambystoma texanum, Clemmys guttata, Rana palustris, and Sternotherus odoratus). We observed no difference in the number of species detected between point and transect samples (p = 0.70), but point sampling required less time (p = 0.03) and allowed significantly larger volumes of water to be filtered (p = 1.13e‐5). No difference in species richness was observed between the 12S and 16S mitochondrial DNA markers (p = 0.96). However, a greater number of taxa were identifiable at the species level when using the 16S locus. There was also a significant difference in the number of species detected between early and late summer sampling periods (more species detected in the earlier period; p = 6.31e‐6), and some species were only found in the early or late sampling period. Sampling during multiple periods to fully characterize species composition, the use of point sampling, and the 16S mtDNA marker for herpetofauna eDNA metabarcoding studies may increase efficiency and reliability of results.
The Efficacy of Lubiprostone in Patients of Constipation: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Akram Umar , Rehman Obaid Ur , Fatima Eeshal , Nadeem Zain Ali , Usman Omer , Rasheed Waqas , Ali Ramsha , Rehman Khawaja Abdul , Nashwan Abdulqadir J. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimLubiprostone increases chloride and water secretion in the intestines, and several studies have demonstrated the efficacy of lubiprostone in treating functional constipation. Several new clinical trials have emerged since the previous meta‐analysis conducted in 2020. We conducted this updated meta‐analysis to assess clinical efficacy of lubiprostone in these patients.MethodsA systematic search was conducted on MEDLINE, Cochrane, and Scopus. Randomized controlled trials published between July 2019 and June 2024 were selected. Cochrane's RoB 2 tool was used to assess the risk of bias. A meta‐analysis was performed and findings were presented using forest plots.ResultsA total of 14 studies, comprising 4550 patients, were included in the review. Only 12 studies were pooled in the meta‐analysis. Lubiprostone was associated with greater spontaneous bowel movements (SBM) per week (RR 1.454, 95% CI 1.193–1.771) and SBM within 24 h (RR 1.790, 95% CI 1.491–2.150) in patients with chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC). However, it was not associated with abdominal pain in either arm (RR 1.415, 95% CI 0.873–2.294). In opioid‐induced constipation (OIC), lubiprostone increased SBM within 24 h (RR 1.277, 95% CI 1.105–1.475) but did not significantly affect abdominal pain (RR 4.321, 95% CI 0.624–29.941). Lubiprostone improved all selected SBM‐related and abdominal pain outcomes in patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS‐C).ConclusionLubiprostone significantly improves all SBM‐related outcomes. Owing to its good safety and efficacy profile, lubiprostone can be used in the combination regimens for management of CIC, IBS‐C, and OIC.
A Novel Approach to the Isolation of Disease Markers: Quantitative Analysis of Amino Acids in Exhaled Breath Condensates from Sleep Apnea Patients with Enhanced Sampling and LC‐ESI‐MS
Authors: Kaliszewska Anna , Struczyński Piotr , Kwiatkowska Sylwia , Nowak Daruisz , Bączek Tomasz , Konieczna Lucyna 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTInterest in obstructive sleep apnea is rising due to its neurocognitive and cardiovascular impacts, including systemic hypertension, myocardial infarction, and cerebrovascular events. Obstructive sleep apnea diagnosis can be suggested through symptoms like snoring, daytime sleepiness, and physical signs like increased neck circumference; however, overnight polysomnography is recommended to confirm. Exhaled breath condensate has emerged as a novel, noninvasive technique for biomarker sample collection. It is simple, rapid, repeatable, and suitable for young children and severely ill patients. A direct method using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry coupled with hydrophilic interaction chromatography was established for quantitative analysis of amino acids in human exhaled breath condensate samples. The separation was performed using XBridge Amide BEH column and a mobile phase of ammonium formate buffer in gradient conditions. The method exhibited a low detection limit (0.08–1.28 ng/mL), good linearity (R2 between 0.9909 and 0.9987), and high recoveries (93–101.3%) for 21 studied amino acids with interday RSD of 2.1–7.7%. The LC‐MS method was verified and applied to determine amino acids in exhaled breath condensate samples from obstructive sleep apnea patients, offering fast, reliable analysis without derivatization as a noninvasive alternative to standard methods.
Characterization of Moroccan Raw and Modified Clay and Its Application in Removal of Methyl Orange Dye
Authors: Mansouri Amal , Aghazzaf Ahmed Ait , Draoui Khalid 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this work, we study the characterization of raw clay extracted from Jbel Lahbib Region of Tetouan in the north of Morocco, and organo‐modified clay by a cationic surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CJL + HDTMA). In addition, we evaluate their potential to remove organic pollutants (methyl orange, MO) in aqueous solutions by means of the absorption techniques. All samples were characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM‐EDAX, TGA, BET, and zeta potential. The XRD results show that the principal peak d001 moved from to Åfor the modified clay, the specific surface area of the raw and modified clay is 68.28 and 1.47 m2/g, respectively. Furthermore, these results confirm the success of this modification. With raw clay extracted from Jbel Lehbib (CJL), the maximum adsorption capacity of MO is pH‐dependent. Consequently, the MO adsorption is favored in the high acidic pH range. The adsorption kinetics of MO on both clays revealed that the equilibrium is rapidly obtained. Moreover, it is shown that the experimental data for MO adsorption on the two materials best fit the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model. The adsorption isotherms indicate that the Sips and Temkin models correctly describe the adsorption of MO on the raw with experimental maximum adsorption value of 40.9 and 66.65 mg/g for raw and modified (CJL), respectively. The energy obtained from D‐R model (6.9 KJ/mol for raw clay and 12.86 KJ/mol for modified clay) suggested that process is dominated by physisorption for raw clay and chemisorption for modified clay. Besides, the thermodynamic study revealed that MO adsorption by crude clay is exothermic ( KJ/mol), physical, and spontaneous.
Is Concrete Framing More Effective in Enticing Donations? The Impacts of Donation Requests and Identified Beneficiary on the Effectiveness of Concrete Framing
Authors: Zhang Yingyang 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPrevious research has shown that concrete‐framed fundraising goals are more effective at eliciting donations. This study extends these findings by exploring the boundaries of the concrete framing effect. Across three experiments, our results indicate that concrete framing positively influences donations by enhancing message elaboration, which in turn increases empathy and, consequently, willingness to donate. However, the impact of this framing is moderated by the size of the donation request and the identification of the beneficiary. These findings provide valuable insights for charities and nonprofits on how to craft fundraising messages that maximize cognitive and emotional engagement with potential donors.
Simultaneous Determination of Tylosin Tartrate and Tylvalosin Tartrate in Wastewater by the Solid‐Phase Extraction and High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography–Diode Array Detector Method
Authors: Chai Ruina , Cheng Jianguo , Zhang Shuheng , Ma Litong , Duan Jianguo , Zhao Wenyuan , Wang Xiaoxia , Fang Chen 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTTylosin tartrate (TYL) and tylvalosin tartrate (TAT) are widely used veterinary antibiotics, the presence of which in untreated wastewater poses environmental and health risks. This study established a method to simultaneously quantify TYL and TAT in wastewater using solid‐phase extraction and high‐performance liquid chromatography–diode array detector (SPE/HPLC–DAD). The method was evaluated for sample pretreatment and HPLC–DAD parameters to ensure specificity, linearity, recovery, and precision. The evaluated method was subsequently applied to determine the concentration of veterinary antibiotics in actual pharmaceutical wastewater. The detected concentrations were 2.59 mg/L for TYL and 4.37 mg/L for TAT. Recoveries for TYL and TAT at three spiked levels (1, 10, and 100 mg/L) ranged from 74.28% to 97.28%, with the relative standard deviation (RSD) of less than 8.78%. This rapid and accurate method is effective for monitoring antibiotic discharge, aiding in environmental protection.
Exploring Perceived Usefulness of Using Autonomous Trucks in Logistics
Authors: Zhang Y. , Haddud A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTHistorically, the U.S. Gulf Coast region carries more burdens than other communities, including generated air pollution, delays and crashes, and frequent floods. Thus, there is a strong need to improve the efficiency of freight transportation and reduce environmental impacts by using emerging technologies. This study aims to explore the perceived usefulness of using Autonomous Trucks in logistics in Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas in the U.S. Gulf Coast region. Data were collected using an online survey from 72 members of the Trucking Associations in the U.S. states of Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas. The participants' perceptions were captured using 14 pre‐determined perceived usefulness on a five‐point level of agreement. A Likert scale was developed based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics Software—Version 29. The results showed mixed perceived usefulness. Items related to efficiency were mostly supported, and items related to effectiveness were mostly neutral. Items related to overall satisfaction were mostly not supported. In addition, some participant groups reported higher levels of agreement with the examined items than others. For example, those who worked in a business with 500 employees or more, had much knowledge of autonomous trucks, worked in sales, had two or fewer years of work experience, and worked in a business with international market coverage. In addition, participants who worked in businesses transporting agriculture, food, and livestock cargo reported higher levels of agreement with the examined perceived usefulness than those who worked in companies transporting construction, fuel, machinery, waste, and mixed freight. This study contributes to the academic literature by adding more insights about the perceived usefulness of autonomous trucks in logistics. The results would benefit academics, researchers, logisticians, supply chain managers, autonomous truck manufacturers, policymakers, and other interested stakeholders. They can also help develop future research projects in a similar domain.