bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study of Postnatal Care Practices among Mothers in Rural and Urban Communities of Kano State, Nigeria
Authors: Abdullahi Hadiza Musa , Usman Nafisat Ohunene , Jibo Abubakar Muhammad 
Published: August 2023

Context:
Postnatal care remains the most neglected component of maternal and child health. It is determined by postnatal practices, which may be beneficial, innocuous or harmful as prevalent in low and middle income countries including Nigeria.

Aim:
To compare postnatal care practices among mothers in urban and rural communities.

Settings and Design:
A comparative cross-sectional design was used to assess postnatal care practices among 130 mothers each in urban and rural communities of Kano using multistage systematic sampling.

Materials and Methods:
Data were collected from mothers who delivered a live baby within the preceding year using an interviewer administered semi-structured questionnaire.

Statistical analysis used:
Data collected was analysed using the SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0.

Results:
Findings show poor postnatal care practices like delay in initiation of breastfeeding (77.2% and 88.4%, respectively), poor cord care (97.6% and 100%, respectively) and ingestion of potash gruel (35.4% and 65.9%, respectively) were abundant. Postnatal care practice was significantly associated with respondents' education and husband's education in the urban area (and age of respondents in the rural community (P < 0.05). Marital setting was the only predictor of postnatal practice (odds ratio = 0.25, 95% confidence interval [0.09–0.69]), where mothers in a monogamous setting had a 75% likelihood of good practice as compared to their polygamous counterparts.

Conclusion:
The preponderance of bad postnatal practices found among mothers in both urban and rural settings indicates the level of danger that mothers and their newborns are exposed to in the studied communities.
Health-Related Quality of Life of HIV Infected Persons on Antiretroviral Therapy in Jos, Plateau State Nigeria
Authors: Kefas Ibrahim Bakshak , Envuladu Esther A. , Miner Chungdung , Pokop Bupwatda W. , Daboer Jonathan C. , Chingle Moses P. , Banwat Mathilda E. , Zoakah Ayuba Ibrahim 
Published: August 2023

Context:
Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) remains an important global health problem. People living with HIV (PLHIV) experienced physical, social and mental health challenges that can affect their quality of life (QOL).

Aim:
To determine the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of HIV-infected adults.

Settings and design:
This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the APIN centre. One hundred and seventy-eight PLHIV were selected by a multistage sampling technique between 10 January 2018 and 31 March 2018.

Materials and Methods:
The world Health Organization QOL-HIV Bref Questionnaire was used to collect the information.

Statistical analysis used:
Data were analysed using SPSS version 23.0 statistical software We determined significant factors using Chi square and logistic regression at a 5% level of significance.

Results:
The physical domain has the lowest mean score of 13.25 ± 2.25, while the spiritual/religion/personal belief domain had the highest mean score of 14.955 ± 3.336. Clustered of differentiation 4 (CD4) count, adherence and currently ill status were significantly associated with QOL. The odds for good QOL were 13 times higher among those with CD4 count ≥500 cells/mm3 compared to those with CD4 count < 500 cells/mm3 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 13.03; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.58-37.5). The odds for good HRQOL were six times higher among those with good adherence compared to those with poor adherence (aOR: 5.62;95%CI: 1.83-17.26).

Conclusion:
The study revealed that the spiritual/religion/personal belief domain has the highest QOL score, while the physical domain had the least score. Adherence, currently ill and CD4 count were predictors of good QOL.
Tympanometric Findings in Children with Cerebral Palsy in a Tertiary Health Centre in Nigeria
Authors: Jibril Yasir Nuhu , Abdullahi Hamisu , Adamu Auwal , Sabo Umar Abba , Shamsu Khadija Ahmad , Salisu Abubakar Danjuma 
Published: August 2023

Context:
Cerebral palsy (CP) is one of the commonly occurring physical disabilities, beginning in early childhood and persisting through the lifespan. Hearing impairment is a common problem in children with CP. The type of the hearing loss is mostly sensorineural, but conductive hearing loss from middle ear disease is a possibility.

Aim:
The aim was to assess the tympanometric findings in children with CP.

Materials and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study conducted amongst children with CP and matched (age and gender) controls in Kano, Nigeria. Ethical approval was obtained from the institution's Ethics Committee. Simple random sampling was used to enrol 330 participants. Consent was obtained and a structured questionnaire was used to collect data on the history, ear examination and tympanometric findings. The data collected were analysed using Statistical Product and Service Solutions version 21.

Results:
One hundred and sixty-five children with CP and the same number of matched controls participated in the study. The mean age of CP patients and controls was 4.49 ± 2.85 and 4.40 ± 2.92 years, respectively. Abnormal tympanograms were found in 51 (30.9%) of the children with CP as against 19 (11.5%) in the controls. Abnormal acoustic reflex was found in 28.5% of the cases compared to 12.1% in the control group. There was a statistically significant difference between the tympanometric findings of patients with CP and that of the controls (P = 0.0001).

Conclusions:
This study found a high prevalence of abnormal tympanograms in children with CP compared to controls.
Disposal of Blood-Soaked Gauze by Patients Following Tooth Extraction
Authors: Fomete Benjamin , Agbara Rowland , Osunde Daniel O. , Omeje Kelvin U. , Nzomiwu Love C. , Okeke Albert U. 
Published: August 2023

Context:
With regard to disposal of medical and dental hazardous wastes, proper guidelines have been set in place by the occupational safety and health administration. However, the same cannot be said of patients concerning appropriate disposal of gauze routinely placed to control bleeding from extraction socket and other oral surgery procedures.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to determine whether the post-extraction instructions given to patients on the disposal of blood-soaked gauze were adequate across Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:
We conducted a survey through an electronically transmitted self-administered closed anonymous questionnaire adapted from Franklin and Laskin, 2014. This survey was conducted amongst dentists who are involved in exodontia in the dental schools or in the adjoining university teaching hospitals in Nigeria.

Results:
There were 95 participants who completed the questionnaire out of 120 dental surgeons to whom the questionnaires were sent giving a response rate of about 79.1%. Of the 95 participants, 75 (78.9%) were male and 20 (21.1%) were female giving a male-to-female ratio (M:F) of 3.75:1. About 46 (48.4%) agreed to providing patients with post-operative instruction sheet after extraction or any other oral surgical procedure whereas 47.4% do not provide. Amongst those who gave instruction, the majority (23.2%) asked the patients to dispose of it in the bin followed by 4.2% who just asked the patients to dispose of it.

Conclusion:
This study has shown that majority of the dentists in Nigeria do not provide adequate information regarding disposal of gauze placed in the mouth postoperatively, and this may potentially pose a risk to transmission of deadly blood-borne infection with the attendant negative health effect.
Intelligence Quotient and Dental Caries
Authors: Madhan Ghada Mohammed , Togoo Rafi Ahmad , Abumelha Maha Abdulaziz , AlJahdal Manal Nasser , Alkahtani Zuhair Motlak , Ain Tasneem Sakinatul 
Published: August 2023

Context:
Dental caries have a detrimental impact on the affected persons, be they children, adolescents, or adults.

Aim:
To find out the prevalence of dental caries and its relationship with intelligence quotient (IQ) among Southern Saudi Arabian children.

Settings and Design:
A nonprobability convenience sampling procedure was adopted. Methods: As much as 458 eligible children were selected for the study. Estimation of level of IQ was done by using “Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices 1998 edition 11.” DMFT/ dmft index was used to assess the prevalence of dental caries among the participants.

Statictics used:
The collected data were subjected to statistical analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 22. Frequencies, percentages, mean, and SDs were applied to report the caries prevalence. Chi-square test and unpaired t-test were applied to test the association between two categorical variables. P valueslessthan 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results:
The prevalence of dental caries was 52.62% with mean total DMFT of 1.48 ± 1.93. Prevalence of primary dmft was 80.13% with mean dmft of 4.60 ± 3.67. The presence of dental caries among primary teeth was statistically significant according to the IQ.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of dental caries was found to be 52.62% for permanent teeth and 80.13% for primary teeth. The IQ of most children falls under the Grade III category of Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices grading system. The current study revealed an inversely proportional relationship between IQ grade and the prevalence of dental caries.
Prevalence and Factors Influencing the Preference of Traditional Bone Setting amongst Patients Attending Orthopaedic Clinics in Kano, Nigeria
Authors: Jibo Abubakar Muhammad , Muhammad Abida Aminu , Muhammad Saminu , Usman Mustapha Ibrahim , Ibrahim Usman Muhammad , Bashir Usman , Tsiga Ahmed Fatimah Ismail , Jalo Rabiu Ibrahim , Ayaba Aminatu Kwakwu 
Published: August 2023

Context:
Traditional bone setting is a public health concern because of the late hospital presentation and resulting socioeconomic consequences.

Aim:
This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with preference of traditional bone setting among patients attending orthopedic clinics in Kano, Nigeria:

Design:
Descriptive cross-sectional design was used.

Materials and Methods:
Up to 370 patients were selected using a two-staged sampling technique.

Statistical Analysis:
Data were collected using interviewer administered questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS version 22.0 with P ≤ 0.05 considered statistically significant.

Results:
The respondents age ranged 1 − 82 years with a median age of 29 (IQR = 20, 40) years. Majority of the patients (77.6%, n = 287) were older than 24 years of age with more than one-quarter (36.2%, n = 134) engaged in trading activities. Period prevalence (Within the last one year of visiting TBS) was 60.5% (95% CI: 55.4–65.6) while the point prevalence was 2.4% (95% CI: 1.1–4.6). Main reasons highlighted for the preference of traditional bone setting include low costs (8.6%, n = 32) and accessibility (6.5%, n = 24). Patients on admission had less probability of ever visited TBS (aOR: 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2–0.7), and patients with formal education were less likely to currently visit TBS (aOR: 5.0, 95% CI: 1.2–21.7)

Conclusion:
The prevalence of patronizing traditional bone setters is of significant public health concern despite the reported consequences. Therefore, the stakeholders should ensure regulated practices of the bone setters by providing them with appropriate guidelines including supervision of their practices.
Analisis Faktor Keterlambatan Pelaksanaan Proyek Jembatan di Provinsi Sumatera Utara
Authors: Nani Tabrani  , Ahmad Perwira Mulia  , Ridwan Anas  
Published: August 2023

Keberhasilan proyek tidak terlepas dari pihak-pihak yang terlibat dalam proses pelaksanaanya seperti owner (pemilik), perencana dan pengawas (konsultan) dan pelaksana pekerjaan (kontraktor). Ketiga sektor tersebut haruslah menjaga kualitas dan kuantitas agar proyek yang telah direncanakan dapat diselesaikan dengan baik. Kontraktor sebagai pelaksana harus memiliki manajemen yang baik dalam mengatur dan mengkoordinir perusahaannya maupun pekerja di lapangan, sehingga dapat meminimalisasi munculnya risiko-risiko yang akan berdampak langsung kepada terjadinya keterlambatan pada saat proses pembangunanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor keterlambatan dalam pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi jembatan dengan menggunakan dana APBN di Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Metode yang digunakan ialah metode kualitatif dengan kuesioner sebagai instrumen penelitian. Responden penelitian adalah pemilik, kontraktor dan konsultan pengawas yang menangani paket pekerjaan jembatan wilayah Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Analisis data dilakukan dengan metode Principal Component Analysis, faktor-faktor keterlambatan terdiri atas manajemen proyek dan kontrak operasional lapangan dan kondisi alam.
Rancangan Sistem Informasi Penyewaan Kamar Kos Pada Rumah Singgah Jerry
Authors: Leyla Dewi , Juhriah Een 
Published: August 2023

This research aims to facilitate employees in data processing at Boarding Room Rentals at Jerry Bogor Halfway House, resulting in precise and accurate data. The system is made with the Research &Development (R&D) method which a research method based on facts, bservations, library research and data analysis. The system is built using the desktop-based Java programming language and MySQL based data storage. The results of this research is the existence of a new system that can facilitate and help employees’ performance especially in the front office in carrying out their tasks optimally, no mistakes and can facilitate employees to process the data bookings, rentals, and payments stored in the database.
Efikasi Sosial Orangtua Dengan Stres Akademik pada Sekolah Dasar Menghadapi Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh Masa Covid-19
Authors: Nadhifah Purnamasari Aini , Suroso Suroso , Pratitis Niken Titi 
Published: August 2023

This study aims to test empirically the relationship between self-efficacy and parental social support with the academic stress of elementary school students in the face of distance learning during the pandemic Covid-19. The subjects in this study were 284 high-class elementary school students, grades 4, 5 and 6 in Surabaya. The sampling technique used in this research is incidental sampling. The data analysis technique in this study used rank Spearman analysis to see the relationship between a variable and other variables.
The first hypothesis in this study cannot be answered because the analysis used is the rank spearman. The results of the second study prove that the hypothesis which states that self-efficacy is negatively correlated with academic stress for elementary school students in the face of distance learning during the pandemic Covid-19 is accepted. This means that there is a significant negative relationship between self- efficacy and academic stress of elementary school students in the face of distance learning during the pandemic Covid-19. The results of the third study prove that the hypothesis which states that parental social support is negatively correlated with academic stress of elementary school students in the face of distance learning during the pandemic Covid-19 is accepted. This means that there is a significant negative relationship between parental social support and academic stress of elementary school students in the face of distance learning during the pandemic Covid-19.
Kemapuan Berpikir Kritis Matematis: Pemecahan Masalah Pisa
Authors: Budiarti Marlinda Indah Eka 
Published: August 2023

Berawal dari rendahnya level PISA matematika dirasa sangat memprihatinkan. Padahal salah satu aspek yang diukur oleh PISA adalah kemampuan berpikir kritis, yang dianggap sebagai indikator penting dalam menilai kesiapan siswa menghadapi tuntutan masyarakat modern. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan ialah deskriptif kualitatif, yang dilaksanakan di Sekolah Menengah Pertama. Subyek dalam penelitian ini ialah 3 orang peserta didik kelas VIII. Hasil penelitian: Kemapuan berpikir kritis dengan kategori tinggi dapat melewati empat tahapan polya dengan baik dikarenakan subjek telah terlatih mengerjakan soal pemechan masalah; Peserta didik dapat melewati tahapan memahami masalah, menyusun rencana pemecahan masalah serta melaksanakan rencana pemecahan masalah tetapi pada tahapan melaksanakan dan mengecek Kembali,peserta didik kurang dapat melewati tahapan ini dikarenakan kurangnya Latihan dan cara belajar yang berbeda naun yang lebih mnonjol adalah cara berpikir dalam mengingat Pelajaran yang telah di pelajari serta kurangnya kemapuan dalam menghubungkan ilmu-ilmu yang dipelajari. Subjek dengan kemampuan berpikir kritis dengan kategori tinggi memiliki kemampuan dalam mengkoneksikan ilmu yang telah dipelajari degan baik,serta didukung pula dengan seringnya dilatih menggunakan Latihan soal, sedangkan subjek dengan kemapuan berpikir kritis dengan kategori sedang tidak memiliki kemampuan koneksi matematis, serta subjek dengan kemampuan berpikir kritis dengan kategori rendah sudah terjebak pada tahap awal proses pemodelan dan tidak dapat sampai pada tahap melaksanakan prosedur matematika ketika menyelesaikan tugas berbasis konteks.
ANALISIS SENTIMEN TERHADAP PELUNCURAN MACBOOK MODEL TERBARU PADA TWITTER DENGAN METODE NAIVE BAYES
Authors: Alfiansyah Zahari Fiqih , Abdul Halim Anshor  , Sugeng Budi Rahardjo  
Published: August 2023

Sudah banyak berbagai jenis laptop beredar dipasaran, yang saat ini terbagi menjadi 3 kelas, yaitu low-end, mid-end, dan high-end yang memiliki kelebihanya masing-masing. Twitter merupakan salah satu media sosial yang popular dikalangan pengguna internet, hal ini dikarenakan twitter mudah digunakan, bebas dalam mengeluarkan pendapat atau opini dan membahas berbagai masalah yang ada. Masalah yang banyak dibahas adalah peluncuran Macbook model terbaru salah satunya. Permasalahan ini mendapat perhatian dari masyarakat luas sehingga opini tersebut dapat diolah dengan cara yaitu analisis sentimen dan diperlukan sebuah metode yang dapat secara otomatis melakukan klasifikasi opini ke dalam kategori positif dan negatif melalui proses analisis sentimen. Naive Bayes merupakan teknik machine learning yang popular untuk pengklasifikasian. Klasifikasi dapat memberikan kemudahan bagi pengguna untuk melihat opini positif dan negatif. Berdasarkan pengujian yang telah dilakukan, hasil klasifikasi terbaik diperoleh dengan nilai accuracy 84.53%, precision 99.79%, dan recall 75.70%.Kata Kunci: Macbook, Klasifikasi, Opini, Data Mining, Naive Bayes
There are many different types of laptops on the market, which are currently divided into 3 classes, namely low-end, mid-end and high-end, each of which has its advantages. Twitter is one of the most popular social media among internet users, this is because Twitter is easy to use, free to express opinions or opinions and discuss various existing problems. The problem that has been widely discussed is the launch of the latest Macbook model, one of which. This problem has received attention from the wider community so that these opinions can be processed by means of sentiment analysis and we need a method that can automatically classify opinions into positive and negative categories through the sentiment analysis process. Naive Bayes is a popular machine learning technique for classification. Classification can make it easy for users to see positive and negative opinions. Based on the tests that have been done, the best classification results are obtained with accuracy values of 84.53%, precision of 99.79%, and recall of 75.70%.Keywords: Macbook, Classification, Opinion, Data Mining, Naive Bayes
Prevalence of malnutrition in children with congenital heart disease
Authors: Khan Muhammad Sohail , Hussain Ijaz , Ilyas Saadia , Wazir Haseen Dil , Ahmad Asif , Ali Farman , Khan Rida , Khan Khadim , Afridi Aamir Khan 
Published: August 2023

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of malnutrition in children with congenital heart disease (CHD). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 children diagnosed with CHD who were being managed in pediatric cardiology clinics. As part of the study, various anthropometric measurements such as height, weight, and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) were recorded for each child. The assessment of malnutrition was determined based on the Z score, where a Z score below -2 denoted moderate to severe malnutrition, and a Z score below -1 indicated mild malnutrition. Results: There were 300 participants in the research who had been diagnosed with congenital cardiac disease, and 59% of them were men. The median age ranged from 17.8 to 14 months. The study population had an overall malnutrition prevalence of 86.7%. 13.3% of the total individuals were malnourished-free, 27% had minor malnutrition, 36.6% had middle-range malnutrition, and 23% had severe malnutrition. Analysis of group 1, which included patients with cyanotic illness and pulmonary hypertension, revealed that all of the patients were malnourished. 6.6% of the individuals in this category had moderate malnutrition, whereas 93.3% had severe malnutrition. Patients in Group 2 had cyanotic illness but no pulmonary hypertension.
NAVIGATING THE PATH TOWARDS GEOECONOMICS: AN ANALYSIS OF OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES FOR PAKISTAN
Authors: Bhatti Amjad Mahmood , Shahrukh Nataliya 
Published: August 2023

Preferring geoeconomics over geopolitics is trending globally, and Pakistan is also an aspirant to join the suit. In this regard, various factors influence Pakistan's shift towards geoeconomics, including economic interests, regional dynamics, domestic considerations, and external influences. Pakistan must make confident choices despite the challenges posed by its geography and world politics. Although its domestic economy is struggling and requires urgent attention, BRI and CPEC offer a promising opportunity for Pakistan to strengthen its economy. However, the impact of CPEC has been limited due to regional constraints and can only be realised once regional connectivity and trade and energy routes are completed and operationalised. The West has also launched its B3W initiative, recognising China's advantage in connectivity. They have warned against joining BRI, claiming it is a debt trap strategy. This paper argues that at this critical juncture of a geo-economic pivot, Pakistan must re-evaluate its choices and focus on developing its economy while prioritising economic development. It also examines the options available to Pakistan to facilitate this geoeconomic pivot effectively. The choices and their implications are likely to be persuaded by geopolitical constraints.

Bibliography Entry
Bhatti, Amjad Mahmood, and Nataliya Shahrukh. 2023. "Navigating the Path Towards Geoeconomics: An Analysis of Opportunities and Challenges for Pakistan." Margalla Papers 27 (1): 1-12.