bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rare paratesticular localization of dedifferentiated liposarcoma: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Deacu Mariana , Aschie Mariana , Bosoteanu Madalina , Vamesu Sorin , Baltatescu Gabriela-Izabela , Cozaru Georgeta Camelia , Orasanu Cristian Ionut , Voda Raluca Ioana 
Published: March 2023

Rationale:Dedifferentiated liposarcoma is defined as a malignant tumor that changes its shape from a well-differentiated liposarcoma to a non-liposarcomatous form. Most paratesticular liposarcomas manifest as an inguinal, painless, slow-growing mass. The standard treatment is extensive surgical excision, radiotherapy being proposed for cases with positive margins, those with recurrence, or in cases of the existence of unfavorable prognostic factors.Patient concerns:We present the case of a young patient diagnosed initially with left hydrocele, which after 2 years proved to mask a differentiated liposarcoma of the spermatic cord. The initial clinical manifestations were represented by the increase in volume of the left groin-scrotal region and pain at this level.Diagnosis:Microscopic examination in hematoxylin-eosin staining highlighted the presence of lipoblasts and fibroblasts in association with areas of hemorrhage and tumor necrosis. The performed immunohistochemical tests confirmed the diagnosis of dedifferentiated liposarcoma. To support and confirm the presence of the mouse double minute 2 homolog gene mutation, chromogenic in situ hybridization analysis was performed.Interventions:The initial treatment was the surgical one. After 2 weeks, the patient received zolendronic acid for hypercalcemia which was caused by the osseous metastasis.Outcomes:The patient died secondary to acute renal failure caused by hypercalcemia despite the treatment received.Lessons:This case underlines the importance of both the correct management of oncological patients, as well as immunohistochemical and genetic tests in the identification of prognostic factors, with the ultimate goal of administering an appropriate oncological treatment.
The potential mechanism of the Ruhao Dashi formula in treating acute pneumonia via network pharmacology and molecular docking
Authors: Yi Xiu-Xiu , Zhou Hui-Fen , He Yu , Yang Can , Yu Li , Wan Hai-Tong , Chen Jing 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Acute pneumonia (AP) has a high seasonal prevalence every year, which seriously threatens the lives and health of patients. Six traditional Chinese medicines in Ruhao Dashi formula (RDF) have excellent antiinflammatory, antibacterial, and antiviral effects. RDF is commonly used in the clinical treatment of AP. However, the mechanism and target of RDF are unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to use network pharmacology and molecular docking to evaluate the target and mechanism of RDF in the treatment of AP.

Methods:
The Herbs and Disease Gene databases were searched to identify common targets of AP and RDF. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network analyses were performed to identify the potential molecular mechanisms behind RDF. Molecular docking was performed to compare the binding activities of the active molecules with that of the target protein.

Results:
The “drug-component-common target” network contained 64 active compounds and 134 targets. GO and KEGG analyses indicated that RDF could act by regulating cell death, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and hypoxic response. The PPI network and “pathway-target” network identified 31 core targets. Molecular docking revealed that the 14 active ingredients of RDF bind vigorously to the core targets.

Conclusion:
Through network pharmacology and molecular docking, we found that RDF contains 14 active components and 31 core AP targets. These targets were linked to the development of an antiinflammatory response and could be used to develop new drugs to treat AP.
Primary clear cell adenocarcinoma of the rectovaginal septum: A rare case report
Authors: Li Zhifang , Zhou Guiju , Duan Shuqiang , Li Qing 
Published: March 2023

Rationale:
Primary clear cell adenocarcinoma of the rectovaginal septum is a very rare event.

Patient Concerns:
We reported a case of a 55-year-old woman diagnosed with a lump in the vaginal rectal septum after undergoing hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy in 2017, who was admitted to our department due to vaginal bleeding. Magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvis indicated the vaginal rectal space cystic and solid mass about 110 mm × 100 mm × 140 mm in size.

Diagnosis:
The pathological diagnosis of postoperative was clear cell adenocarcinoma.

Interventions:
Abdominal laparotomy showed a solid block of the vaginal rectal septum. Surgery was performed to reduce the tumor.

Outcomes:
This patient received 8 courses of combined chemotherapy courses after surgery for the residual lesion and achieved a complete response.

Lessons:
Due to the rare observation of the growth pattern, the cell morphology and immune phenotype are not specific, and clinical and pathological diagnosis is difficult. Introducing the diagnosis and treatment of this case and reviewing the literature provide a relevant reference for clinicians identification and diagnosis and treatment of this rare case.
COL3A1, CXCL8, VCAN, THBS2, and COL1A2 are correlated with the onset of biliary atresia
Authors: Li Hui , Cao Lei , Li Hong 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Biliary atresia (BA) is a devastating progressive fibro inflammatory disorder in infants. The exact etiology of BA is still unclear. This study aimed screen key genes potentially associated with the occurrence of BA.

Methods:
All BA data was obtained from GSE46960 dataset. The limma package in R language was used for differentially expressed gene (DEG) analyses. gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes enrichment analysis were performed on the screened DEGs, using “clusterProfiler” package. protein-protein interaction network was built based on STRING Cytoscape software (Bethesda, Rockville, MD). The logistic regression model was constructed based on the selected DEGs.

Results:
There were totally 78 DEGs in BA samples compared with normal samples, which were significantly enriched in 200 biological process terms, 37 molecular function terms, 17 cellular component terms, and 18 Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathways. Among which, the top 10 genes with the highest importance in protein-protein interaction network were selected. Subsequently, on the basis of the stepwise regression method and 5-fold cross-validation, the logistic regression model constructed based on COL3A1, CXCL8, VCAN, THBS2, and COL1A2 was finally evidenced to predict the BA sample relatively reliably.

Conclusions:
In conclusion, COL3A1, CXCL8, VCAN, THBS2, and COL1A2 are potentially crucial genes in BA. The logistic regression model constructed based on them could predict the BA sample relatively reliably.
Ascending colon cecal junction carcinoma with prostate metastasis: A case report and literature review
Authors: Zhu Wanshan , Wu Jiaming , Wu Lexia , Meng Jincheng , Fang Cantu , Zhang Huatang 
Published: March 2023

Rationale:
Colon carcinoma is the most common type of cancer, and a leading cause of cancer-related death. Clinically, the most common sites of metastases from colon carcinoma are the liver, lungs, peritoneum, and lymph nodes, while the incidence of metastases to the prostate is low. There are few relevant studies on colon carcinoma, most of them being case reports.

Patient concerns:
A 76-year-old man treated with radical resection of right colon carcinoma due to primary poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the cecum. Postoperative pathological examination suggested that he had cancer at the junction of the ascending colon and the cecum. He had received adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery. One year later, he received transurethral plasma resection of the prostate due to urinary system discomfort. Postoperative pathological immunohistochemistry suggested prostate metastasis of colorectal carcinoma, and he received individualized treatment, but this produced no clear survival benefit.

Diagnoses:
Ascending colon cecal junction carcinoma with prostate metastasis.

Interventions:
Radical resection, chemotherapy, anti-androgen therapy, surgery to relieve primary lesion obstruction symptoms, and local radiotherapy of the prostate.

Outcomes:
At present, clinical cases of colon carcinoma with prostate metastasis are rare. By sharing a rare case of ascending colon cecal junction carcinoma with prostate metastasis and reviewing the relevant literature, this paper explores and optimizes the clinical treatment of colon carcinoma with prostate metastasis.
A novel prognostic index based on the analysis of glycolysis-related genes in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Li Yu , Deng Yaju , He Jie 
Published: March 2023

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a lung disease that is both chronic and progressive and is characterized by glycolysis. However, glycolysis’s function and its clinical significance in IPF are still not well understood.
We accessed the Gene Expression Omnibus database to retrieve mRNA expression information for lung tissue and other samples. We identified genes associated with glycolysis that had differential expression levels between IPF and controls. In this work, we conducted a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis to systematically examine the glycolysis-associated genes with differential expression and subsequently investigated the possible prognostic significance of these genes. Additionally, the expression profiles of the associated prognostic genes were further investigated via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in our cohort. In this investigation, we found that the expression of 16 genes involved in glycolysis was differentially expressed. Among them, 12 were upregulated and 4 were downregulated. We found that 3 glycolysis-related genes (stanniocalcin 2, transketolase like 1, artemin) might serve as hub genes for anticipating patient prognosis. The data from these genes were used to generate the prognostic models. The findings confirmed that high-risk IPF patients recorded a shorter overall survival relative to low-risk patients. This prognostic model yielded 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates of 0.666, 0.651, and 0.717, correspondingly, based on the area under the curve of the survival-dependent receiver operating characteristic. The GSE27957 and GSE70866 cohorts validated these findings, indicating the model has a good predictive performance. All 3 glycolysis-associated genes were validated to be expressed in our cohort. Finally, we used mRNA levels from 3 genes to produce a nomogram to quantitatively predict the prognosis of IPF individuals. As possible indicators for the prognosis of IPF, the glycolysis-related genes stanniocalcin 2, transketolase like 1, and artemin were shown to be promising candidate markers.
The Safety of Performing Surgery at Ambulatory Surgery Centers Versus Hospital Outpatient Departments in Older Patients With or Without Multimorbidity
Authors: Silber Jeffrey H. , Rosenbaum Paul R. , Reiter Joseph G. , Jain Siddharth , Ramadan Omar I. , Hill Alexander S. , Hashemi Sean , Kelz Rachel R. , Fleisher Lee A. 
Published: March 2023

Background:Surgery for older Americans is increasingly being performed at ambulatory surgery centers (ASCs) rather than hospital outpatient departments (HOPDs), while rates of multimorbidity have increased.Objective:To determine whether there are differential outcomes in older patients undergoing surgical procedures at ASCs versus HOPDs.Research Design:Matched cohort study.Subjects:Of Medicare patients, 30,958 were treated in 2018 and 2019 at an ASC undergoing herniorrhaphy, cholecystectomy, or open breast procedures, matched to similar HOPD patients, and another 32,702 matched pairs undergoing higher-risk procedures.Measures:Seven and 30-day revisit and complication rates.Results:For the same procedures, HOPD patients displayed a higher baseline predicted risk of 30-day revisits than ASC patients (13.09% vs 8.47%,P< 0.0001), suggesting the presence of considerable selection on the part of surgeons. In matched Medicare patients with or without multimorbidity, we observed worse outcomes in HOPD patients: 30-day revisit rates were 8.1% in HOPD patients versus 6.2% in ASC patients (P< 0.0001), and complication rates were 41.3% versus 28.8%,P< 0.0001. Similar patterns were also found for 7-day outcomes and in higher-risk procedures examined in a secondary analysis. Similar patterns were also observed when analyzing patients with and without multimorbidity separately.Conclusions:The rates of revisits and complications for ASC patients were far lower than for closely matched HOPD patients. The observed initial baseline risk in HOPD patients was much higher than the baseline risk for the same procedures performed at the ASC, suggesting that surgeons are appropriately selecting their riskier patients to be treated at the HOPD rather than the ASC.
Intestinal Failure-Associated Liver Disease and Growth Pre- and Post-Transition to a Composite Lipid Emulsion
Authors: Hudson Alexandra S. , Tyminski Nicole , Turner Justine M. , Silverman Jason A. 
Published: March 2023

Objectives:
Infants with intestinal failure have an increased risk of intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD). Composite intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) may reduce the risk of cholestasis. The primary outcome was to compare IFALD rates in infants with intestinal failure, between those receiving a composite ILE versus soybean oil ILE. The secondary outcome compared growth between these 2 groups.

Methods:
At our 2 tertiary neonatal/pediatric hospitals, we identified all patients (≤1 year old) who received ≥6 weeks parenteral nutrition (PN) from 2010 to 2018. Data included liver and growth parameters. IFALD was defined as serum conjugated bilirubin (CB) >33 µmol/L (≥2 mg/dL). Nonparametric tests were used for all comparisons.

Results:
Fifty infants (35 composite ILE, 15 soybean oil ILE) were included. Those on composite ILE received PN for longer (10.1 vs 7.6 weeks; P = 0.001) and had higher baseline CB (29 vs 6.5 μmol/L; P = 0.001). No differences were found by 6 weeks (14.5 vs 5 μmol/L; P = 0.54) and by PN cessation (4 vs 4 μmol/L; P = 0.33). The proportion of patients with IFALD decreased from 54% to 20% for composite ILE, while stable given soybean oil ILE (7%). There were no differences in weight, length, or head circumference z scores (P > 0.05).

Conclusions:
In our institutions, over 8 years, chronic intestinal failure was rare. Composite ILE was the predominant lipid choice for infants who needed longer courses of PN or had developed cholestasis. Despite longer PN duration, and higher baseline CB, overall rates of IFALD decreased with composite ILE. Regardless of parenteral lipid used, there were no differences in growth.
Natural History of Anemia and Efficacy and Safety of Oral Iron Therapy in Children Newly Diagnosed With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: D’Arcangelo Giulia , Distante Manuela , Veraldi Silvio , Tarani Francesca , Musto Francesca , Aloi Marina 
Published: March 2023

Objectives:
Anemia is one of the most common extraintestinal manifestations of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of anemia in children newly diagnosed with IBD and assess the efficacy and safety of oral iron therapy over a 12-month follow-up period.

Methods:
This single-center, retrospective, observational cohort study included all children newly diagnosed with IBD at the Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit of Sapienza University of Rome from May 2015 to May 2019 presenting with anemia. At baseline, demographic, clinical, laboratory data (hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, serum iron, ferritin, transferrin levels, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein), and treatment received, were recorded. Clinical and laboratory data, as well as anemia therapy and adverse events (AEs), were collected every 3 months during the 1-year follow-up.

Results:
Eighty-nine out of 140 patients newly diagnosed with IBD presented with anemia (64%); 13 were excluded due to incomplete follow-up, thus 76 were included [median age 12.7 (interquartile range 9.8–15), 25 (33%) Crohn disease, 51 (67%) ulcerative colitis]. All patients received sucrosomial iron (SI) alone or in combination with intravenous ferric carboxymaltose. Treatment with SI was effective in 67 (88%) patients at the end of follow-up [37 (48%) within 3 months], regardless of anemia severity at baseline. No serious AEs related to SI treatment were reported.

Conclusions:
We confirmed a high prevalence of anemia at the time of the diagnosis of pediatric IBD. Our data suggest that SI is safe and effective, leading to anemia resolution in approximately half of the patients within 3 months.
Suicidal Behavior and Early Maladaptive Schemas and Schema Domains
Authors: Paula Milesi Idiana , Moreno Ferro de Araújo Rafael , Bücker Joana 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Suicidal behavior is a risk factor for suicide attempts. Identifying the factors that increase suicidal behavior risk is paramount for overall suicide prevention efforts. One model that may contribute to our understanding of the relationship between early life experiences and suicidal behavior is the schema theory. This study aimed to examine suicidal behavior, early maladaptive schemas (EMSs), and schema domains using a large Brazilian nonclinical sample. The study included 19,060 individuals. We assessed sociodemographic variables, suicidal behavior (Suicidal Behavior Questionnaire), and EMSs (Young Schema Questionnaire) using an online, Web-based survey. Our results showed that, when comparing participants with no ideation with those with serious suicide attempts, we found significant statistical differences in all EMSs (all p's < 0.05), with higher scores in those with serious suicide attempts. Our results suggest that specific unmet emotional needs during childhood can affect mental health and result in serious suicide attempts in adulthood.
Survey of Pediatric ICU EEG Monitoring–Reassessment After a Decade
Authors: Fung France W. , Carpenter Jessica L. , Chapman Kevin E. , Gallentine William , Giza Christopher C. , Goldstein Joshua L. , Hahn Cecil D. , Loddenkemper Tobias , Matsumoto Joyce H. , Press Craig A. , Riviello James J. , Abend Nicholas S. 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
In 2011, the authors conducted a survey regarding continuous EEG (CEEG) utilization in critically ill children. In the interim decade, the literature has expanded, and guidelines and consensus statements have addressed CEEG utilization. Thus, the authors aimed to characterize current practice related to CEEG utilization in critically ill children.

Methods:
The authors conducted an online survey of pediatric neurologists from 50 US and 12 Canadian institutions in 2022.

Results:
The authors assessed responses from 48 of 62 (77%) surveyed institutions. Reported CEEG indications were consistent with consensus statement recommendations and included altered mental status after a seizure or status epilepticus, altered mental status of unknown etiology, or altered mental status with an acute primary neurological condition. Since the prior survey, there was a 3- to 4-fold increase in the number of patients undergoing CEEG per month and greater use of written pathways for ICU CEEG. However, variability in resources and workflow persisted, particularly regarding technologist availability, frequency of CEEG screening, communication approaches, and electrographic seizure management approaches.

Conclusions:
Among the surveyed institutions, which included primarily large academic centers, CEEG use in pediatric intensive care units has increased with some practice standardization, but variability in resources and workflow were persistent.
Routes to turbulence in Taylor–Couette flow
Authors: Feldmann Daniel , Borrero-Echeverry Daniel , Burin Michael J. , Avila Kerstin , Avila Marc 
Published: March 2023

Fluid flows between rotating concentric cylinders exhibit two distinct routes to turbulence. In flows dominated by inner-cylinder rotation, a sequence of linear instabilities leads to temporally chaotic dynamics as the rotation speed is increased. The resulting flow patterns occupy the whole system and sequentially lose spatial symmetry and coherence in the transition process. In flows dominated by outer-cylinder rotation, the transition is abrupt and leads directly to turbulent flow regions that compete with laminar ones. We here review the main features of these two routes to turbulence. Bifurcation theory rationalizes the origin of temporal chaos in both cases. However, the catastrophic transition of flows dominated by outer-cylinder rotation can only be understood by accounting for the spatial proliferation of turbulent regions with a statistical approach. We stress the role of the rotation number (the ratio of Coriolis to inertial forces) and show that it determines the lower border for the existence of intermittent laminar–turbulent patterns.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Taylor–Couette and related flows on the centennial of Taylor’s seminalPhilosophical Transactionspaper (part 2)’.
Taylor–Couette flow in the narrow-gap limit
Authors: Nagata Masato 
Published: March 2023

A Cartesian representation of the Taylor–Couette system in the vanishing limit of the gap between coaxial cylinders is presented, where the ratio,

μ

, of the angular velocities,

ω
i

and

ω
o

, of the inner and the outer cylinders, respectively, affects its axisymmetric flow structures. Our numerical stability study finds remarkable agreement with previous studies for the critical Taylor number,

T
c

(
μ
)

, for the onset of axisymmetric instability. The Taylor number

T

can be expressed as

T
=
Ω
(

R

−
Ω
)

, where

Ω

(the rotation number) and

R

(the Reynolds number) in the Cartesian system are related to the average and the difference of

ω
i

and

ω
o

. The instability sets in the region

(
Ω
,

R

)
→
(
0
,
∞
)

, while the product of

Ω

and

R

is kept finite. Furthermore, we developed a numerical code to calculate nonlinear axisymmetric flows. It is found that the mean flow distortion of the axisymmetric flow is antisymmetric across the gap when

μ
=
1

, while a symmetric part of the mean flow distortion appears additionally when

μ
≠
1

. Our analysis also shows that for a finite

R

all flows with

μ
≠

1

approach the

R

axis, so that the plane Couette flow system is recovered in the vanishing gap limit.

This article is part of the theme issue ‘Taylor–Couette and related flows on the centennial of Taylor’s seminal
Philosophical Transactions
paper (part 2)’.
Genomic discovery and functional validation of MRP1 as a novel fetal hemoglobin modulator and potential therapeutic target in sickle cell disease
Authors: Hara Yannis , Kawabata Emily , Lemgart Viktor T. , Bronson Paola G. , Hicks Alexandra , Peters Robert , Krishnamoorthy Sriram , Ribeil Jean-Antoine , Schmunk Lisa J. , Eglinton Jennifer , Watkins Nicholas A. , Roberts David J. , Di Angelantonio Emanuele , Danesh John , Astle William J. , Paul Dirk S. , Lessard Samuel , Butterworth Adam S. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTSickle cell disease (SCD) remains a major health burden with limited treatment options. Despite promising gene-editing clinical trials, there is an unmet need for cost-effective therapies. As induction of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) is an established therapeutic strategy for SCD, we conducted a genome-wide association study of circulating HbF levels in ~11,000 participants to identify further HbF modulators. We identified associations in 11 genomic regions, including eight novel loci such asABCC1(encoding multidrug resistance-associated protein 1, MRP1). Using gene-editing and pharmacological approaches, we showed that inhibition of MRP1 increases HbF, intracellular glutathione levels, and reduces sickling in erythroid cells from SCD patients. Overall, our findings identify several novel genetically-validated potential therapeutic targets for SCD, including promising proof-of-principle results from small molecule inhibition of MRP1.