bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mining seed quality traits in the USDA sesame germplasm collection identifies useful accessions for improving nutritional breeding
Authors: Wang Ming Li , Tonnis Brandon , Morris J. Bradley , Pinnow David , Stigura Nick , Benke Ryan , Li Xianran 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPlant germplasm is the most basic genetic resource for plant cultivar improvement and development. Mining germplasm collections can identify accessions that are advantageous for breeding programs. To identify sesame accessions with desirable seed nutritional quality traits, the entire USDA sesame collection (1231 accessions) was screened for seed oil content, fatty acid composition, and 100‐seed weight. We identified significant variability in 100‐seed weight (mean: 0.32 g, range: 0.1–0.5 g) and oil content (mean: 54.9%, range 28.3%–65.5%) among the accessions. Sesame seeds mainly contained four major fatty acids: 44.8% linoleic acid (18:2), 39.5% oleic acid (18:1), 9.0% palmitic acid (16:0), 5.2% stearic acid (18:0) and six minor fatty acids: 0.1% palmitoleic acid (16:1), 0.4% linolenic acid (18:3), 0.6% arachidic acid (20:0), 0.2% gadoleic (20:1), 0.1% behenic acid (22:0), and 0.1% lignoceric acid (24:0). For each trait, two accessions were classified as having high 100‐seed weight (PI 238992: 0.54 g and PI 250626: 050 g), high oil content (PI 238992: 65.5% and PI 250626: 64.2%), or high oleic acid levels (PI 263470: 54.4% and PI 263454: 50.3%). For most accessions, levels of oleic and linoleic acid were related to country origins where the germplasm accessions were collected. The information on these seed nutritional quality traits is useful, but breeding efforts or genetic methods are needed for developing new sesame cultivars or enhanced germplasm with these traits. Among 1231 accessions, nine accessions were further evaluated for additional seed nutritional quality traits and accession PI 263470 was successfully used as starting genetic material for mutagenesis to enhance levels of oleic acid.
Fine‐Tuning of Hydrophilic Properties of Asymmetrically Porous Poly(ε‐Caprolactone)‐Based Nanofibrous Scaffolds Containing Dexamethasone for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications
Authors: Rahnamafar Reyhaneh , Moradikhah Farzad , Doosti‐Telgerd Mehdi , Oveisi Mina , Yousefi Iman , Moradi Leila , Karimi Ali Zandi , Akbari Tayebeh , Lotfabadi Alireza , Khoobi Mehdi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBone abnormalities and injuries provide serious medical issues. Bone has the ability for regeneration; however, its regenerative potential is limited. Tissue engineering has gained significant attention as a potential treatment for bone abnormalities. In this study, poly‐caprolactone (PCL)‐based nanofibers containing various concentrations of poly‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline (PEtOx) and loaded with Dexamethasone (Dex) were prepared and evaluated as multifunctional bioscaffolds for bone regeneration. Various techniques were employed to characterize the feature of the electrospun scaffolds including 1H‐NMR, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and gel permission chromatography (GPC). The swelling degree, mechanical property, degradation behavior, and drug release profile were also evaluated. The cell viability of the electrospun nanofibers on human adipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) were examined by MTT, and osteogenic differentiation potency was studied by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and calcium deposition assessments. According to the findings, a higher PEtOx concentration in the polymer solution reduced the nanofiber diameter while increasing the swelling rate, mass loss amount, and Young's modulus of the produced scaffolds. The release profile of Dex from the electrospun scaffold influenced osteogenic differentiation in stem cells. The scaffold revealed promising features that could be employed for further bone injury studies.
Changes in Blood Quality and Metabolites of Tachypleus tridentatus Under Captive Breeding Conditions
Authors: Yifan Liang , Bohan Zhang , Xiurong Ye , Jiuman Jia 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTTo reveal the effects of captive breeding on the physiology and metabolism of Tachypleus tridentatus, 90 T. tridentatus juveniles were selected, and blood samples were collected from each four times during a 90‐day experiment. The blood quality was analysed by measuring Cu content. The results showed that, on Days 0, 30, 60 and 90, the Cu content in the blood of male juvenile T. tridentatus was 37.15, 22.62, 10.15 and 16.63 mg/L, respectively, with Days 30, 60 and 90 being 39.10%, 72.69% and 55.23% lower than Day 0. The Cu content in the blood of female T. tridentatus on Days 0, 30, 60 and 90 was 39.89, 20.27, 7.33 and 7.53 mg/L, respectively, with decreases of 45.44%, 80.26% and 81.11% on Days 30, 60 and 90 compared with Day 0. This indicated that the blood quality of male and female T. tridentatus decreased under captive breeding conditions. To measure metabolites, three male and three female T. tridentatus were selected and cultured under captive breeding conditions, and blood samples were collected on Days 0 and 30 and analysed using nontargeted metabolomics. Thirteen differentially expressed metabolites were identified, among which six significantly increased and seven significantly decreased. Among metabolic pathways, the sphingolipid metabolic pathways were notably affected. Changes in significant metabolites and metabolic pathways revealed nutritional deficiencies in protein, fat and vitamins. Insufficient nutrient supply was an important reason for the decline in blood quality of T. tridentatus under captive breeding conditions. In addition, four significantly different metabolites, namely, sphingosine, heptadecasphingosine, D‐erythro‐imidazolyl glycerophosphate and stearic acid, were selected as future target metabolites to analyse the nutritional demand of T. tridentatus under captive breeding conditions.
Nucleic Acid Aptamer‐Based Sensors for Bacteria Detection: A Review
Authors: Tang Yalan , Li Yun , Chen Ping , Zhong Shian , Yang Yanjing 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBacteria have a significant impact on human production and life, endangering human life and health, so rapid detection of infectious agents is essential to improve human health. Aptamers, which are pieces of oligonucleotides (DNA or RNA) have been applied to biosensors for bacteria detection due to their high affinity, selectivity, robust chemical stability, and their compatibility with various signal amplification and signal transduction mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the different bacterial aptamers selected in recent years using SELEX technology and discuss the differences in optical and electrochemical bacterial aptamer sensors. In addition the technological developments and innovations in bacterial aptamer sensor technology are introduced. Combining new materials and methods, the efficiency and stability of the sensors have also been improved. This review summarizes the progress of current bacterial aptamer sensors based on their practical application status and provides an outlook on their future development.
Fabrication of Highly Fluorescent Nitrogen and Phosphorus Dual‐Doped Carbon Dots for Selective Sensing of Rutin
Authors: Kannouma Reham E. , Kamal Amira H. , Hammad Mohamed A. , Mansour Fotouh R. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBased on nitrogen and phosphorus co‐doped carbon dots (NP‐CDs), a direct, quick, and selective sensing probe for fluorometric detection of rutin has been developed. Utilizing ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) as a carbon and nitrogen source and diammonium hydrogen phosphate (NH4)2HPO4 as a nitrogen and phosphorus source. The NP‐CDs were synthesized in less than 3 min with a straightforward one‐step microwave pyrolysis process with a high quantum yield (63.8%). After being excited at λ = 360 nm, the produced NP‐CDs displayed a maximum bluish fluorescence at λem of 420 nm. Rutin quenched the fluorescence of the produced NP‐CDs based on the inner filter effect and static quenching processes. Along with the International Council of Harmonization (ICH) requirements, the developed spectrofluorometric method was validated. The linearity range was 0.50–35.00 μg/mL of rutin. The developed NP‐CDs were successfully employed to determine rutin concentrations in marketed tablets. The developed method is quick, simple, consistent, sensitive, and selective, and it does not require expensive chemicals or specialized instruments. This study paves the path for future application of NP‐CD in pharmaceutical analysis.
An Overview of In Vitro Models of Alcohol‐Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Courtois Anoïsia , Gérard Sophie , Esparteiro Damien , Nguyen‐Khac Eric , Marcq Ingrid , Fouquet Grégory 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundChronic and excessive alcohol consumption is the leading cause of death due to chronic liver disease. Alcohol‐related liver disease (ALD) encompasses a broad spectrum of clinical and pathological features, ranging from asymptomatic and reversible pathologies to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a highly prevalent and deadly liver cancer. Indeed, alcohol consumption is one of the main worldwide etiologies of HCC. However, the impact of alcohol consumption on HCC pathophysiology and the associated mechanisms remains unclear. Thus, in vitro alcohol‐related HCC models are essential for addressing this issue and for assessing new molecular markers of this disease. In this review, we discuss the current in vitro models of alcohol‐related HCC. Our global overview demonstrates the lack of uniformity regarding HCC cell lines, alcohol concentration, and duration of alcohol exposure among existing models. Despite efforts to model alcohol exposure effectively that demonstrate enhancement of cancer cell transformation markers and HCC aggressiveness following, respectively, short‐term and long‐term alcohol exposure, current in vitro models possess numerous limitations.AimThis review highlights future challenges in the development of more integrated and representative models of the complex pathophysiology of alcohol‐related HCC.
Gigantic, Sixteen‐Pound Carcinoma Ex Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Neck
Authors: Rothka Andrew J. , Ferraro Maria , Bavier Richard , Saltagi Mohamad , Bhele Sanica , Goyal Neerav , Slonimsky Guy 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCarcinoma ex pleomorphic adenomas are rare malignant tumors of the salivary glands, primarily seen in older adults. They originate from benign pleomorphic adenomas, are aggressive, and have poorer prognosis. This case documents an unusual presentation of a massive carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma.
Organic Luminescent Cocrystals Based on Benzotriazole Derivatives: Synthesis, Characterization, Crystal Structure and Fluorescence Behavior
Authors: Fan Shengyu , Liu Xin , Yao Shuzhi , Xing Guangnan , Xu Xiaohui , Shi Guanyu , Song Zhiguang , Feng Guodong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOrganic cocrystals have garnered significant research attention owing to their distinctive properties and promising applications. However, challenges in molecular structure design and control of intermolecular interactions continue to impede further advancements. In this study, two novel cocrystals were successfully formed from a series of synthesized benzotriazole derivatives. The resulting cocrystals exhibit bright green and yellow fluorescence under 365 nm light. To elucidate the microstructure of the obtained cocrystals, systematic characterization techniques such as solid‐state fluorescence emission spectroscopy, Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (SCXRD), Power X‐ray diffraction (PXRD) and density functional theory (DFT) were performed. These benzotriazole‐based cocrystals demonstrate distinct fluorescent responses to alkaline and acidic environments, respectively. Additionally, preliminary tests for fingerprint recognition yielded satisfactory results. These findings suggest that the two cocrystals hold potential applications in acid‐alkali sensing, anti‐counterfeiting labels, and smart material development, while also providing valuable insights for the design and optimization of solid‐state luminescent materials.
Binding‐Site Directed Selection and Large‐Scale Click‐Synthesis of a Coagulation Factor XIa‐Inhibiting Circular DNA Aptamer
Authors: Wang Jie , Zhou Yuefei , Sun Long , Liu Tao , Qu Hao , Mao Yu , Zheng Lei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFactor XIa (FXIa) is a plasma protease that catalyzes the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation, thus being regarded as a promising antithrombotic target. Circular DNA aptamers, with their dramatically enhanced biological and structural stability, hold great potential as new‐generation DNA‐based anticoagulants. However, the functional selection of circular aptamers and large‐scale synthesis of them remains a substantial challenge. In this study, we explored a binding‐site directed selection strategy to enrich circular DNA aptamers that can target the catalytic domain of FXIa and inhibit its function. An asymmetrical dumbbell structured DNA library with self‐shielding primer‐binding site was utilized for selection. This approach has resulted in the identification of a circular DNA aptamer, named FICAPT1, which demonstrates a high binding affinity (Kd=20 nM), notable stability (with a half‐life of 16 h in human plasma) and outstanding anticoagulation activity (with significantly prolonged aPTT), showing great promise as a novel anticoagulant. Moreover, a refined version of FICAPT1, named as CC‐FICAPT1, was quantitatively synthesized (~2 mg/mL) by taking advantage of the pre‐designed structure and high cyclization efficiency of click chemistry. The approach presented in this study enables the efficient generation of functional circular DNA aptamers and allows for their synthesis in a satisfactory scale, making it adaptable for the production of various circular aptamers for therapeutic applications.
An Improved Power Allocation Scheme for Downlink NOMA‐Based MIMO Visible Light Communication Systems
Authors: Dogra Tanuja , Rai Bharti Manoranjan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTNon‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), as a multiple access scheme, is foreseen as an emerging technology in enhancing the achievable sum rate of indoor downlink multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) visible light communication (VLC) networks. Also, power allocation scheme plays a vital role in achieving these enhanced achievable sum rates. In literature, there are multiple power allocation schemes available such as gain ratio power allocation (GRPA), normalized gain difference power allocation (NGDPA), normalized logarithmic gain ratio power allocation (NLGRPA), and so forth. In this paper, an improved power allocation scheme has been proposed, which is based on the ratio of logarithmic sum channel gains of users as well as on the user index in the decoding order. In the proposed power allocation scheme, multiple transmitting light emitting diodes (LEDs) and multiple users are considered along with their optical channel information required for data communication. The transmitting LEDs are fixed on the room ceiling at optimal positions. The optimal positions of LEDs are selected by using particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The simulation results depict that the proposed power allocation scheme with optimal LED positions can achieve a performance gain of 5% or higher in the achievable sum rate over NLGRPA scheme when the number of users present in the room is more than five, and even when the user location is far from the LED. Thus, the proposed power allocation scheme with optimal LED positions achieves significant performance improvement when compared with existing power allocation schemes for NOMA‐based MIMO‐VLC networks for randomly located users in indoor scenario.
Initial Stand Volume and Residual Live Trees Drive Deadwood Carbon Stocks in Fire and Harvest Disturbed Boreal Forests at North‐Central Alberta
Authors: Osei Richard , Nock Charles A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTRetention forestry involves leaving single or groups of unharvested trees within harvest areas. Patch retention, which resembles structures such as unburned patches remaining after wildfire, is one practice implemented within the framework of Ecosystem‐based Forest Management (EBM), which seeks to use natural forests as a model and minimize differences in natural and managed forests. Despite the widespread adoption of patch retention practices, few comparisons of the attributes of postfire and postharvest islands, or their drivers, have been made. Given the importance of deadwood in forests to a variety of ecosystem functions, we sought to compare the local bioenvironmental drivers of deadwood (snags, CWD) C stocks in islands remnants in postfire and postharvest forests a decade after disturbance. We also determined whether their relative effects are consistent across deadwood types (snags, CWD) and disturbance regimes using generalized additive mixed models with study site as random factor in all cases. A candidate model with initial stand volume (ISV), basal area of live trees, and size heterogeneity of live trees best predicted snag and CWD C stocks in both disturbance types, but their relative importance was inconsistent. The ISV had significantly (p < 0.05) positive effects on C stocks in snags and CWD across disturbance types, but its relative effects was higher in retention islands than fire islands. In all cases, stand density of remnant live trees was negatively related to deadwood C stocks. Conversely, the size heterogeneity of remnant live trees significantly boosted deadwood C stocks in fire islands but not in harvest islands. The results imply consideration for the stocking level of candidate forest areas for retention patches as this drives the evolution of deadwood accumulation in the postharvest islands.
Study of Mitogenomes Provides Implications for the Phylogenetics and Evolution of the Infraorder Muscomorpha in Diptera
Authors: Yuan Huan , Fu Wenbo , He Shulin , Li Tingjing , Chen Bin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe Muscomorpha is one of the most species‐rich brachyceran groups in Diptera, with many species serving as important disease vectors; however, its high‐level phylogenetic relationships have long been controversial and unsolved. This study comparatively analyzed the characteristics of mitogenomes of 131 species that represent 18 superfamilies in Muscomorpha, in which mitogenomes of 16 species have been newly sequenced and annotated, demonstrating that their gene composition, order, AT bias, length variation, and codon usage are consistent with documented dipteran mitogenomes. The phylogenetic topologies demonstrated that the robustness of Muscomorpha and major clades within Muscomorpha are monophyletic: Cyclorrhapha, Schizophora, and Calyptratae. A clade of Empidoidea were recovered as the sister group to Cyclorrhapha. Within Cyclorrhapha, Platypezoidea and Syrphoidea were sequentially placed as basal groups of the Cyclorrhapha. The remaining cyclorrhaph superfamilies gathered as two main clades. Ephydroidea were, in most cases, placed as the sister group to Calyptratae. Within Calyptratae, Hippoboscoidea were sister to an assemblage of lineages composed of an Oestroid grade and Muscoidea. The Muscomorpha was proposed to originate in the early Jurassic, and the main clade diversified near the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, estimated using the MCMCtree and six fossil calibration points. The ancestral area of origin and geographic range of Muscomorpha was deduced to be the Palaearctic region with 56.9% probability using the RASP software based on a dated tree.
Similar Spatial Expression of Immune‐Related Proteins in SARS‐CoV‐2 Placentitis and Chronic Histiocytic Intervillositis
Authors: Broekhuizen Michelle , van der Hoorn Marie‐Louise , Vadgama Disha , Eikmans Michael , Neecke Bojou J. , Duvekot Johannes J. , Fraaij Pieter , Reiss Irwin K. M. , Mustafa Dana A. M. , van der Meeren Lotte E. , Schoenmakers Sam 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection in the placenta can lead to fetal distress and demise, characterized by severe trophoblast necrosis, chronic histiocytic intervillositis (CHI), and massive perivillous fibrin deposition. We aimed to uncover spatial immune‐related protein changes in SARS‐CoV‐2 placentitis compared with CHI placentas and uncomplicated pregnancies to gain insight into the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Placentas were retrospectively collected from cases with SARS‐CoV‐2 placentitis resulting in fetal distress/demise (n = 9), CHI (n = 9), and uncomplicated term controls (n = 9). The expression of 53 immune‐related proteins was quantified using GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiler in three separate compartments: villi (fetal compartment), intervillous space, and decidua (both maternal compartments). Compared with controls, SARS‐CoV‐2 placentitis and CHI both displayed differentially expressed proteins in the intervillous space only, including upregulation of myeloid markers (e.g., CD40, CD11c, CD68, CD163). Specifically, SARS‐CoV‐2 placentitis was associated with reduced expression of multiple apoptotic proteins (e.g., BAD, BIM, BLXL, BCL6). In conclusion, SARS‐CoV‐2 placentitis and CHI are associated with enhanced myeloid cell infiltration into the intervillous space, but not in the decidua and villi. The more prominently reduced apoptosis‐related protein expression in SARS‐CoV‐2 placentitis may lead to an exaggerated immune response, causing acute placental dysfunction and fetal demise.
Manganese‐Catalyzed Selective ortho‐Deuteration of Aromatic Amidines with D₂O
Authors: Bai Jian‐Fei , Hu Hao , Liu Yanran , Jiang Zhi‐Jiang , Chen Jia , Gao Zhanghua 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe report a manganese‐catalyzed ortho‐selective deuteration of aromatic amidines using D2O as the deuterium source. The reaction, catalyzed by Mn(CO)5Br in the presence of NaOAc as an additive, proceeds with high regioselectivity, achieving efficient deuterium incorporation at the ortho‐position with excellent yields. The reaction scope was extended to a wide range of substituted aromatic amidines, demonstrating consistently high levels of deuterium incorporation and broad substrate compatibility. Furthermore, the method was successfully scaled up to gram‐scale, and the resulting deuterated products were subsequently transformed into heterocycles, including triazoles and imidazoles.
Unifying biology of neurodegeneration in lysosomal storage diseases
Authors: Ludlaim Anna M. , Waddington Simon N. , McKay Tristan R. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThere are currently at least 70 characterised lysosomal storage diseases (LSD) resultant from inherited single‐gene defects. Of these, at least 30 present with central nervous system (CNS) neurodegeneration and overlapping aetiology. Substrate accumulation and dysfunctional neuronal lysosomes are common denominator, but how variants in 30 different genes converge on this central cellular phenotype is unclear. Equally unresolved is how the accumulation of a diverse spectrum of substrates in the neuronal lysosomes results in remarkably similar neurodegenerative outcomes. Conversely, how is it that many other monogenic LSDs cause only visceral disease? Lysosomal substance accumulation in LSDs with CNS neurodegeneration (nLSD) includes lipofuscinoses, mucopolysaccharidoses, sphingolipidoses and glycoproteinoses. Here, we review the latest discoveries in the fundamental biology of four classes of nLSDs, comparing and contrasting new insights into disease mechanism with emerging evidence of unifying convergence.