bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of percutaneous stenting strategy of unresectable malignant hilar biliary obstruction by three‐dimensional reconstruction volumetry
Authors: Fu Xiaobo , Jiang Weiwei , Mu Maoyuan , Wang Guobao , Qi Han , Chen Zixiong , Zuo Mengxuan , Gao Fei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPurposeTo explore clinical outcomes of percutaneous stent implantation using volumetric criteria for unresectable malignant hilar biliary obstruction (MHBO). Additionally, aimed to identify the predictors of patients' survival.MethodsSeventy‐two patients who were initially diagnosed with MHBO between January 2013 to December 2019 in our center were retrospectively included. Patients were stratified according to the drainage achieved ≥50%, <50% of the total liver volume. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A (≥50% drainage), and Group B (<50% drainage). The main outcomes were evaluated in terms of relief of jaundice, effective drainage rate, and survival. Related factors that affect survival were analyzed.Results62.5% of the included patients reached effective biliary drainage. The successful drainage rate was significantly higher in Group B than in Group A (p < 0.001). The median overall survival (mOS) of included patients was 6.4 months. Patients who received drainage ≥50% of hepatic volume achieved longer mOS than those who received drainage <50% of hepatic volume (7.6 months vs. 3.9 months, respectively, p = 0. 011). Patients who received effective biliary drainage had longer mOS than those who received ineffective biliary drainage (10.8 months vs. 4.4 months, respectively, p < 0.001). Patients who received anticancer treatment had longer mOS than those who only received palliative therapy (8.7 months vs. 4.6 months, respectively, p = 0.014). In the multivariate analysis, KPS Score ≥ 80 (p = 0.037), ≥50% drainage achieved (p = 0.038), and effective biliary drainage (p = 0.036) were protective prognostic factors that affected patients' survival.ConclusionDrainage achieved ≥50% of the total liver volume by percutaneous transhepatic biliary stenting seemed to have a higher effective drainage rate in MHBO patients. Effective biliary drainage may create chances for these patients to receive anticancer therapies that seem to provide survival benefits.
Contribution of Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Autophagy Pathways to the Ameliorative Effects of Hesperidin in NaF‐Induced Testicular Toxicity
Authors: Emre Kızıl Hamit , Gür Cihan , Ayna Adnan , Darendelioğlu Ekrem , Küçükler Sefa , Sağ Sevda 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe ameliorative effects of hesperidin (HES) on the toxicities created by sodium fluoride (NaF) in the testes tissue of rats were studied via oxidative stress, apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathways. The animals were divided into five distinct groups (7 rats in each group). Group 1 was control group, group 2 received NaF‐only (600 ppm), group 3 received HES‐only (200 mg/kg bw); group 4 received NaF (600 ppm)+HES (100 mg/kg bw) and group 5 received NaF (600 ppm)+HES (200 mg/kg bw) for 14 days. NaF‐induced testes tissue damage by reducing activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and levels of glutathione (GSH), and increasing lipid peroxidation levels. NaF treatment significantly downregulated the mRNA levels of SOD1, CAT and GPx. NaF supplementation caused apoptosis in the testes by upregulating p53, NFkB, caspase‐3, caspase‐6, caspase‐9, and Bax and downregulating Bcl‐2. Furthermore, NaF caused ER stress via increasing mRNA transcript levels of PERK, IRE1, ATF‐6 and GRP78. NaF treatment led to autophagy via upregulation of Beclin1, LC3A, LC3B and AKT2. In testes tissue, however, co‐treatment with HES at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg significantly reduced oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy and ER stress. Overall, the findings of this study suggest that HES may help to reduce testes damage caused by NaF toxicity.
A New and an Eco‐Friendly Approach for the Construction of Multi‐Functionalized Benzenes with Computational Studies
Authors: Damera Thirupathi , Pagadala Ramakanth 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe new path chosen is more appropriate in the context of green chemistry. This research aims to construct 5,6,7,8‐tetrahydronaphthalene‐1,3‐dicarbonitrile (THNDC) and 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinoline‐6,8‐dicarbonitrile (THIDC) derivatives via the cyclization of three easily obtainable reactants under an environmentally benign mortar and pestle grinding technique. Notably, the robust route offers an esteemed opportunity for the introduction of multi‐substituted benzenes and ensures the good compatibility of bioactive molecules. Furthermore, the synthesized compounds are investigated using docking simulations with two representative drugs (6c and 6e) for target validation. The physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, drug‐like properties (ADMET), and therapeutic friendliness characteristics of these synthesized compounds are computed.
Fine‐Tuning Texture of Highly Acidic HZSM‐5 Zeolite for Efficient Ethanol Dehydration
Authors: Pornsetmetakul Peerapol , Klinyod Sorasak , Rodaum Chadatip , Salakhum Saros , Iadrat Ploychanok , Hensen Emiel J. M. , Wattanakit Chularat 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAchieving high and stable ethylene yield from (bio)ethanol dehydration over highly active acidic zeolite remains challenging due to undesired side‐reactions. To overcome this issue, the fine‐tuned textural property of the HZSM‐5 catalyst with a hierarchical structure is crucial to overcome diffusion restrictions and limit undesired side‐reactions. Herein, the texture of high acid catalysts obtained via hydrothermal synthesis was simply tuned in the presence of tetrabutylammonium hydroxide as a meso‐ and micropore directing agent and the controlled molar ratio of NaF‐to‐Al2O3. The hierarchically designed HZSM‐5 with the small nanosheet size of 6.5 nm exhibits a high external surface area and mesopores, largely enhancing the catalytic performance of ethanol dehydration up to 95 % ethylene yield as well as preventing the formation of heavy hydrocarbons. To gain insights into the mechanistic points of view, the in situ DRIFTS study revealed that ethylene could form through ethoxy‐mediated mechanism or decomposition of diethyl ether (DEE). The catalyst deactivation caused by polyaromatics obtained from side‐reactions is the reason for low ethanol conversion and high DEE selectivity. Reducing the crystal size of highly acidic zeolite to ultra‐thin nanosheet can shorten the residence time of ethanol, intermediates, and products in porous structures, substantially suppressing the transformation of coke precursors into heavy hydrocarbons to achieve high and stable ethylene yield.
Synthesis of a Polyacrylic‐Grafted, Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube‐Loaded Gum Ghatti Hydrogel for Diclofenac Removal
Authors: Dave Pragnesh N. , Chopda Lakha V. , Kamaliya Bhagvan P. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWater pollution causes health‐ and environment‐related problems. Adsorption of pollutants from the bulk is an efficient method for their removal. Modified biopolymers have proven to be effective adsorbents. The biopolymer gum ghatti (GG) has shown good adsorption properties. In this work, GG was grafted with polyacrylic acid (PAA) and loaded with oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (O‐MWCNTs). The resulting GG‐g‐PAA/O‐MWCNT hydrogel was characterized by FT‐IR, XRD, and SEM and its adsorption activity was examined. Sodium diclofenac (SD) was efficiently removed by GG‐g‐PAA/O‐MWCNT. The highest removal efficiency of 92.89 % was achieved at pH 2. The adsorption of SD followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm and pseudo‐second‐order model.
Transition Metal Vacancy in Layered Cathode Materials for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Xun‐Lu , Ma Cui , Zhou Yong‐Ning 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAnionic redox has been considered as a promising strategy to break the capacity limitation of cathode materials that solely relies on the intrinsic cationic redox in secondary batteries. Vacancy, as a kind of defect, can be introduced into transition metal layer to trigger oxygen redox, thus enhancing the energy density of layer‐structured cathode materials for sodium‐ion batteries. Herein, the formation process, recent progress in working mechanisms of triggering oxygen redox, as well as advanced characterization techniques for transition metal (TM) vacancy were overviewed and discussed. Strategies applied to stabilize the vacancy contained structures and harness the reversible oxygen redox were summarized. Furthermore, the challenges and prospects for further understanding TM vacancy were particularly emphasized.
Direct Construction of Corrole‐Peptide Conjugates by Controllable Bilane Formation on Resin
Authors: Wu Yue , Chau Ho‐Fai , Kai Hei‐Yui , Tam Wing‐Sze , Yeung Yik‐Hoi , Thor Waygen , Cheung Tsz‐Lam , Xie Chen , Zhang Jing‐Xiang , Wong Ka‐Leung 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCorroles have attracted increasing research interests in recent decades owing to their unique properties over porphyrins. However, the relatively inefficient and tedious synthetic procedures of corrole building blocks with functional groups for bioconjugation hindered their bioapplications. Herein, we report a highly efficient protocol to synthesize corrole‐peptide conjugates with good yields (up to 63 %) without using prepared corrole building blocks. By condensing two −COOH‐bearing‐dipyrromethane molecules onto an aldehyde group on resin‐bound peptide chains in a controllable manner, a series of desired products with long (up to 25 residues) and bioactive peptide chains were obtained with at most one chromatographic purification. The synthesized compounds exhibited potential applications as chelators for metal ions for biomedical applications, as building blocks for supramolecular materials, as well as targeted fluorescent probes.
Reduction‐triggered Disassembly of Organic Cationic Nanorods Produces a Cysteine Protease Mimic (Miravet et al.)
Authors: Navarro‐Barreda Diego , Angulo‐Pachón César A. , Galindo Francisco , Miravet Juan F. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe emergence of catalytic activity associated with a disassembly process is reported, reminiscent of complex biological systems. A cystine derivative with pendant imidazole groups self‐assembles into cationic nanorods in the presence of the cationic surfactants cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) or cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). Disulfide reduction triggers nanorod disassembly and the generation of a simple cysteine protease mimic, which shows a dramatically improved catalytic efficiency in the hydrolysis of p‐nitrophenyl acetate (PNPA).
Stereoselective Synthesis of Tetraarylethylenes Enabled by Reductive anti‐1,2‐Dimetallation of Alkynes
Authors: Takahashi Fumiya , Yorimitsu Hideki 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTetraarylethylenes (TAEs) have been gaining attention from various scientific disciplines for their characteristic chemical and physical properties. From the synthetic perspective, however, efficient methods for the selective synthesis of different isomers of TAEs are still underdeveloped. Here, we report the regio‐ and stereoselective synthesis of TAEs by means of sodium‐promoted reductive anti‐1,2‐dimagnesiation of alkynes. Subsequent transmetallation to zinc generates trans‐1,2‐dizincioalkenes, which underwent the stereoselective arylation under a palladium catalysis to afford a variety of TAEs that had been difficult to prepare according to the conventional procedures. In addition, the present method accommodates not only diarylacetylenes but also alkyl aryl acetylenes and thus enables to synthesize a wide range of all‐carbon tetrasubstituted alkenes.
Investigations into Simplified Analogues of the Herbicidal Natural Product (+)‐Cornexistin
Authors: Steinborn Christian , Tancredi Aldo , Habiger Christoph , Diederich Christina , Kramer Jan , Reingruber Anna M. , Laber Bernd , Freigang Jörg , Lange Gudrun , Schmutzler Dirk , Machettira Anu , Besong Gilbert , Magauer Thomas , Barber David M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe report the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of simplified analogues of the herbicidal natural product (+)‐cornexistin. Guided by an X‐Ray co‐crystal structure of cornexistin bound to transketolase from Zea mays, we attempted to identify the key interactions that are necessary for cornexistin to maintain its herbicidal profile. This resulted in the preparation of three novel analogues investigating the importance of substituents that are located on the nine‐membered ring of cornexistin. One analogue maintained a good level of biological activity and could provide researchers insights in how to further optimize the structure of cornexistin for commercialization in the future.
Understanding the landscape of immunotherapy in thymic epithelial tumors
Authors: Maniar Rohan , Loehrer Patrick J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThymic epithelial tumors (TETs) are a rare group of malignancies arising from the thymus. Surgery remains the foundation of treatment for patients with early‐stage disease. Limited treatment options are available for the treatment of unresectable, metastatic, or recurrent TETs and are associated with modest clinical efficacy. The emergence of immunotherapies in the treatment of solid tumors has generated significant interest in understanding their role in TET treatment. However, the high rates of comorbid paraneoplastic autoimmune disorders, particularly in thymoma, have tempered expectations regarding the role of immune‐based therapies. Clinical studies of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in thymoma and thymic carcinoma have revealed higher frequencies of immune‐related adverse events (IRAEs) and limited efficacy. Despite these setbacks, the growing understanding of the thymic tumor microenvironment and systemic immune system has advanced the understanding of these diseases and provided opportunities for novel immunotherapy modalities. Ongoing studies are evaluating numerous immune‐based treatments in TETs with the goal of improving clinical efficacy and mitigating IRAE risk. This review will provide insight into the current understanding of the thymic immune microenvironment, outcomes of previous ICB studies, and review treatments currently being explored for the management of TET.
Revealing the Chemical State of Palladium in Operating In2O3 Gas Sensors: Metallic Pd Enhances Sensing Response and Intermetallic InxPdy Compound Blocks It
Authors: Ovsianytskyi Oleksandr , Bekheet Maged F. , Gili Albert , Gurlo Aleksander 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe sensing response of metal oxides activated with noble metal nanoparticles is significantly influenced by changes to the chemical state of corresponding elements under operating conditions. Here, a PdO/rh‐In2O3 consisting of PdO nanoparticles loaded onto rhombohedral In2O3 was studied as a gas sensor for H2 gas (100–40000 ppm in an oxygen‐free atmosphere) in the temperature range of 25–450 °C. The phase composition and chemical state of elements were examined by resistance measurements combined with synchrotron‐based in situ X‐ray diffraction and ex situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. As found, PdO/rh‐In2O3 undergoes a series of structural and chemical transformations during operation: from PdO to Pd/PdHx and finally to the intermetallic InxPdy phase. The maximal sensing response (RN2/RH2) of ∼5 ⋅ 107 towards 40000 ppm (4 vol %) H2 at 70 °C is correlated with the formation of PdH0.706/Pd. The InxPdy intermetallic compounds formed around 250 °C significantly decrease the sensing response.
Aggregation‐Induced Electrochemiluminescence and Nitric Oxide Recognition by Halogen Bonding with a Ruthenium(II) Complex
Authors: Gao Yafang , Zhang Linlin , Wang Ziqi , Lu Liping 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this study, a new strategy for NO detection based on the aggregation‐induced electrochemical luminescence (AIECL) of a ruthenium‐based complex and the halogen bonding effect was developed. First, [Ru(phen)2(phen–Br2)]2+ (phen : 1,10‐phenanthroline, phen–Br2 : 3,8‐dibromo‐1,10‐phenanthroline) was synthesized and exhibited aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) and AIECL properties in a poor solvent (H2O). [Ru(phen)2(phen–Br2)]2+ exhibited greatly enhanced AIECL properties compared to its AIE intensity. When the volume fraction of water (fw, v %) in the H2O–acetonitrile (MeCN) system was increased from 30 to 90 %, the photoluminescence and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) intensities were three‐ and 800‐fold that of the pure MeCN system, respectively. Dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscopy results indicated that [Ru(phen)2(phen‐Br2)]2+ aggregated into nanoparticles. AIECL is sensitive to NO because of its halogen bonding effect. The C−Br⋅⋅⋅N bond between [Ru(phen)2(phen‐Br2)]2+ and NO increased the distance of complex molecules, resulting in ECL quenching. A detection limit of 2 nM was obtained with 5 orders of magnitude linear range. The combination of the AIECL system and the halogen bond effect expands the theoretical research and applications in biomolecular detection, molecular sensors, and stages of medical diagnosis.
Exploring creative pedagogical practices in secondary visual arts programmes in Ghana
Authors: Swanzy‐Impraim Enock , Morris Julia E. , Lummis Geoffrey W. , Jones Andrew 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSecondary visual arts education provides learners with opportunities to develop critical thinking, and their creative potential, as part of their personal growth. This development happens when visual arts teachers actively integrate creative pedagogies to target creative thinking in learners. Ghana's 2019 National Pre‐tertiary Curriculum Framework has added creativity as one goal for all learners. This research study explores teachers' perceptions and use of creative pedagogies as part of implementing this creativity into their teaching. A multi‐site qualitative case study was conducted in government secondary schools within Sekondi‐Takoradi, Ghana, and data were gathered from interviews and participant observations. The 16 cases specifically examined creative pedagogies in practice in the secondary visual arts programme, as the subject of visual arts is commensurate with developing creativity. The study revealed that teachers' pedagogical perceptions of developing creativity do not align with the actual pedagogies they employ, with teachers being observed to emphasise teacher‐centred pedagogies. It is suggested that the integration of creative pedagogies should be contextualised in Ghana's secondary visual arts programme, in order to support teachers to meet the goal of creativity development for all learners.
Joint power allocation and channel assignment for device‐to‐device communication using the Hungarian model and enhanced hybrid Red Fox‐Harris Hawks Optimization
Authors: A Yoganathan , PS Periasamy , P Anitha , N Saravanan 
Published: February 2023

SummaryMultihop device‐to‐device (D2D) communication is a promising advancement since it allows wireless users in close proximity to communicate directly with one another without using base stations (BSs). With two nearby users, this technology intends to keep up with the accelerating development of mobile devices and the rising demands of local traffic loads. High‐data‐rate short‐range transmission is made possible by this paradigm, which also lowers network backhaul expenses while improving end‐user experience, spectral efficiency (SE) and network coverage. In order to maximize the cell's overall sum rates, this article examines the problem of selecting the optimal M‐D2D linkages and cellular users (CUs) to form spectrum‐sharing partners while taking quality of service (QoS) and energy efficiency (EE) needs into consideration. This study examines the use of a channel assignment system and a power allocation technique to manage interference in D2D communication scenarios involving many hops (more than one hop). The suggested channel assignment approach is based on the Hungarian method, but the power allocation system is based on the time‐efficient enhanced Harris hawks optimization (HHO) and red fox (RF) algorithms. A genetic algorithm (GA)‐based methodology and various baseline approaches are used to compare the effectiveness of the suggested system. Because it combines exploitation and exploration using a memory‐based local search methodology and a perturbation mechanism, the suggested approach outperforms the GA in simulations. The results clearly demonstrate that the suggested method increases EE by up to 13% by producing the appropriate channel and power assignment for CUs and M‐D2D users.
The best colleges for adult learners never stop working to improve
Authors: Sutton Halley 
Published: February 2023

“I'm a farm kid. I grew up in a small town in Nebraska — there were a whopping 1,000 people in my town,” Jerrid P. Freeman, Ph.D., Vice President for Student Affairs and Enrollment Management at Northeastern State University in Oklahoma, said. “It was one of those things where college was just not on my radar.” Freeman pursued his undergraduate degree at the University of Nebraska at Kearney while playing sports and came to love the higher education environment, going on to earn his master's and doctorate.
Habitat fragmentation reduces survival and drives source–sink dynamics for a large carnivore
Authors: Nisi Anna C. , Benson John F. , King Richard , Wilmers Christopher C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRigorous understanding of how environmental conditions impact population dynamics is essential for species conservation, especially in mixed‐use landscapes where source–sink dynamics may be at play. Conservation of large carnivore populations in fragmented, human‐dominated landscapes is critical for their long‐term persistence. However, living in human‐dominated landscapes comes with myriad costs, including direct anthropogenic mortality and sublethal energetic costs. How these costs impact individual fitness and population dynamics are not fully understood, partly due to the difficulty in collecting long‐term demographic data for these species. Here, we analyzed an 11‐year dataset on puma (Puma concolor) space use, mortality, and reproduction in the Santa Cruz Mountains, California, USA, to quantify how living in a fragmented landscape impacts individual survival and population dynamics. Long‐term exposure to housing density drove mortality risk for female pumas, resulting in an 18‐percentage‐point reduction in annual survival for females in exurban versus remote areas. While the overall population growth rate appeared stable, reduced female survival in more developed areas resulted in source–sink dynamics across the study area, with 42.1% of the Santa Cruz Mountains exhibiting estimated population growth rates <1. Since habitat selection is often used as a proxy for habitat quality, we also assessed whether puma habitat selection predicted source and sink areas. Patterns of daytime puma habitat selection predicted source areas, while time‐of‐day‐independent habitat selection performed less well as a proxy. These results illuminate the individual‐ and population‐level consequences of habitat fragmentation for large carnivores, illustrating that habitat fragmentation can produce source–sink dynamics that may not be apparent from other metrics of habitat quality. Locally, conserving high‐quality source habitat within the Santa Cruz Mountains is necessary to support long‐term puma population persistence. More broadly, source–sink dynamics may at play for other carnivore populations in similar fragmented systems, and linking landscape conditions to population dynamics is essential for effective conservation. Caution should be used in inferring habitat quality from habitat selection alone, but these results shed light on metrics of selection that may be better or worse proxies to identify source areas for large carnivores.