bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental health service diversity and work disability: associations of mental health service system characteristics and mood disorder disability pensioning in Finland
Authors: Karolaakso Tino , Autio Reija , Suontausta Petra , Leppänen Helena , Rissanen Päivi , Näppilä Turkka , Tuomisto Martti T. , Pirkola Sami 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Public mental health services (MHS) are crucial in preventing psychiatric disability pensions (DP). We studied the associations between mood disorder DP risk and the characteristics of Finnish municipalities’ MHS provision using the ESMS-R mapping tool and Finnish population registers, based on first-time granted mood disorder DPs between 2010 and 2015.

Methods
The final data set included 13,783 first-time mood disorder DP recipients and 1088 mental health service units in 104 municipalities. We focused on five different MHS types: all MHS, outpatient care provision, local services without and with gatekeeping, and centralized services. Three factors for each MHS type were studied: service resources, richness, and diversity index. Negative binomial regression models were used in the analysis.

Results
In all the municipalities, higher service richness and diversity regarding all MHS, outpatient care and local services with gatekeeping were associated with a lower DP risk. In urban municipalities, service richness was mainly associated with lower DP risk, and in semi-urban municipalities service diversity and resources were primarily associated with lower DP risk in outpatient care and local services with gatekeeping. In rural municipalities, DP risk indicated no association with MHS factors.

Conclusion
The organization and structure of MHS play a role in psychiatric disability pensioning. MHS richness and diversity are associated with lower mood disorder DP in specific societal contexts indicating their role as quality indicators for regional MHS. The diversity of service provision should be accounted for in MHS planning to offer services matching population needs.
Human skeleton behavior recognition model based on multi-object pose estimation with spatiotemporal semantics
Authors: Liu Jiaji , Mu Xiaofang , Liu Zhenyu , Li Hao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMulti-object pose estimation in surveillance scenes is challenging and inaccurate due to object motion blur and pose occlusion in video data. Targeting at the temporal dependence and coherence among video frames, this paper reconstructs a multi-object pose estimation model that integrates spatiotemporal semantics for different scales and poses of video multi-objects. The model firstly, with an end-to-end detection framework, detects multiple targets in the video. Secondly, it enhances the positioning of key points of human body using the temporal cues among video frames and designs modular components to enrich the pose information, effectively refining the pose estimation. Finally, the improved human skeleton behavior recognition model based on pose estimation is employed to recognize the classroom behaviors of students oriented to video streams. Comparison with multiple classifiers through experiments reveals that the human skeleton behavior recognition model for multi-object pose estimation combined with spatiotemporal semantics exhibits an effectively improved accuracy.
Analysis of the local heat transfer of quenching of moving metal sheets made of different materials using flat spray nozzles
Authors: Mehdi Bilal , Ryll Stephan , Specht Eckehard 
Published: April 2023

AbstractExperimental investigations have been performed for the cooling of hot moving metal sheets of thickness 2 mm and 5 mm with the initial temperature of 500 °C to 800 °C by two flat spray nozzles. Tap water at room temperature is used as a coolant. Experiments are carried out for nickel, nicrofer, and aluminum alloy AA6082 with varying sheet velocity( 5,10,15 mm/s) and nozzle inclination angle (45°,65°,90°). The temperature distribution on the backside of the sheet during the cooling is recorded with a high-speed infrared camera. The recorded thermal data are used in the inverse heat conduction analysis to estimate the local heat fluxes and temperatures on the quenched surface. The thermal images obtained are used to analyze the length of the pre-cooling, transition boiling, and nucleate boiling. The maximum heat flux, the DNB temperature, and the rewetting temperature are presented for researched parameters. The nozzle inclination angle has a weak influence. The higher the velocity and the thickness of the sheet are, the higher the maximum heat flux and the shorter the pre-cooling region. The reason is that the position of the max. heat flux is shifted downstream near to impingement region.
Wild Australian magpies learn to pull intact, not broken, strings to obtain food
Authors: Johnsson Robin D. , Veillet Papillon S. , Connelly Farley , Endler John A. , Roth Timothy C. , Lesku John A. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The string-pulling paradigm is an approach commonly used in the study of animal cognition to investigate problem-solving abilities. This test involves an out-of-reach reward that can only be acquired through pulling a string. Australian magpies (Gymnorhina tibicen tyrannica) can solve cognitive tasks requiring associative and reversal learning, spatial memory, and inhibitory control. Nonetheless, whether magpies can pass a test of means-end understanding—the string-pull test—is unclear. We tested wild magpies on a string-pulling task with five configurations, including a long loose string that required several pulls to obtain food, a short string that only required a single pull to complete, and two short strings—one intact and connected to the food reward; the other broken and unable to yield food when pulled. Of the 11 magpies tested, none solved the long string task at first presentation. Two naïve birds and three, subsequently trained, birds succeeded at the short string. Once proficient at the short string, four of these five birds then solved the long string task; in addition, three learned to choose a functional, intact string over a non-functional, broken string. Overall, these observations provide evidence that Australian magpies have the ability to solve string-pulling tasks but it remains unclear whether they do so by trial-and-error or if they possess means-end understanding.

Significance statement
We found, for the first time, that wild, free-ranging Australian magpies can learn to solve different versions of a string-pulling task; a version with a short string, a long string, and two strings next to each other where one of them was broken and non-functional (broken string task). Some magpies spontaneously solved the task with the short string, where other magpies required training, and magpies only managed to solve the task with the long string after they had succeeded on the short string task. Furthermore, some of the magpies solved the broken string task but required a high number of trials to do so. Overall, our findings show that Australian magpies have the ability to solve string-pulling tasks but it remains unclear whether they do so by trial-and-error or if they understand causal relations between objects.
The Mode of Communication as a Driver of Sustainable and Equitable Asymmetric Common Pool Resource Use
Authors: Herne Kaisa , Kuyper Jonathan , Lappalainen Olli 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMost experimental studies on common pool resource usage focus on situations in which actors are in symmetric positions when they use the resource. Many real-world cases do not fit this scenario because users are in asymmetric positions regarding their ability to benefit from the resource. Examples range from irrigation systems to climate change mitigation. Moreover, while there is large evidence on the effects of communication on social dilemmas, few studies focus on different modes of communication. We compare the effects of unstructured and structured communication on the provision of an infrastructure for a common pool resource and appropriation of the provided resource. Structured communication applied rules that are based on the ideals of democratic deliberation. Participants made contribution and appropriation decisions in an incentivized experiment. In the experiment, both communication and deliberation increased contributions in comparison to a baseline. Interestingly, deliberation attenuated the effect of the player position more than communication. Our results suggest that deliberation may be useful for overcoming asymmetric commons dilemmas in the field.
Cryoxcellia borchgrevinki gen. nov., sp. nov., a new parasitic X-cell species in an Antarctic nototheniid fish, the bald notothen Trematomus borchgrevinki
Authors: Evans Clive W. , Patel Selina , Matzke Nicholas J. , Millar Craig D. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractX-cells were first described as an unknown cell type in northern hemisphere flatfish in 1969. Almost a decade later they were described in an Antarctic fish, the bald notothen Trematomus borchgrevinki, thus demonstrating their global distribution. Since this time, X-cells from various northern hemisphere fish species and from three other Antarctic fishes, the emerald notothen Trematomus bernacchii, the crowned notothen Trematomus scotti, and the painted notothen Nototheniops larseni have been identified as perkinsozoan parasites of the Family Xcellidae. Currently there are seven X-cell species described within this family. Here we report the morphology of X-cells isolated from the gill filaments of the bald notothen and include details of some of its division forms. Using short-read high-throughput DNA sequencing technology we have sequenced, assembled, and verified a 5347-bp region of the X-cell rRNA repeat unit that includes the complete 18S gene. In all cases, phylogenetic analyses identified this sequence as a distinct taxon and placed it among the perkinsozoan alveolates alongside other previously identified species in the X-cell family. Using a combination of morphological and genetic evidence we now describe a new X-cell genus and species, Cryoxcellia borchgrevinki gen. nov., sp. nov., from McMurdo Sound, Antarctica.
The yield of chest X-ray or ultra-low-dose chest-CT in emergency department patients suspected of pulmonary infection without respiratory symptoms or signs
Authors: van den Berk Inge A. H. , Lejeune Emile H. , Kanglie Maadrika M. N. P. , van Engelen Tjitske S. R. , de Monyé Wouter , Bipat Shandra , Bossuyt Patrick M. M. , Stoker Jaap , Prins Jan M. ,   on behalf of the OPTIMACT study group
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective
The yield of pulmonary imaging in patients with suspected infection but no respiratory symptoms or signs is probably limited, ultra-low-dose CT (ULDCT) is known to have a higher sensitivity than Chest X-ray (CXR). Our objective was to describe the yield of ULDCT and CXR in patients clinically suspected of infection, but without respiratory symptoms or signs, and to compare the diagnostic accuracy of ULDCT and CXR.

Methods
In the OPTIMACT trial, patients suspected of non-traumatic pulmonary disease at the emergency department (ED) were randomly allocated to undergo CXR (1210 patients) or ULDCT (1208 patients). We identified 227 patients in the study group with fever, hypothermia, and/or elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) but no respiratory symptoms or signs, and estimated ULDCT and CXR sensitivity and specificity in detecting pneumonia. The final day-28 diagnosis served as the clinical reference standard.

Results
In the ULDCT group, 14/116 (12%) received a final diagnosis of pneumonia, versus 8/111 (7%) in the CXR group. ULDCT sensitivity was significantly higher than that of CXR: 13/14 (93%) versus 4/8 (50%), a difference of 43% (95% CI: 6 to 80%). ULDCT specificity was 91/102 (89%) versus 97/103 (94%) for CXR, a difference of − 5% (95% CI: − 12 to 3%). PPV was 54% (13/24) for ULDCT versus 40% (4/10) for CXR, NPV 99% (91/92) versus 96% (97/101).

Conclusion
Pneumonia can be present in ED patients without respiratory symptoms or signs who have a fever, hypothermia, and/or elevated CRP. ULDCT’s sensitivity is a significant advantage over CXR when pneumonia has to be excluded.

Clinical relevance statement
Pulmonary imaging in patients with suspected infection but no respiratory symptoms or signs can result in the detection of clinically significant pneumonia. The increased sensitivity of ultra-low-dose chest CT compared to CXR is of added value in vulnerable and immunocompromised patients.

Key Points
• Clinical significant pneumonia does occur in patients who have a fever, low core body temperature, or elevated CRP without respiratory symptoms or signs.
• Pulmonary imaging should be considered in patients with unexplained symptoms or signs of infections.
• To exclude pneumonia in this patient group, ULDCT’s improved sensitivity is a significant advantage over CXR.
Gd-EOB MRI for HCC subtype differentiation in a western population according to the 5th edition of the World Health Organization classification
Authors: Auer Timo A. , Halskov Sebastian , Fehrenbach Uli , Nevermann Nora F. , Pelzer Uwe , Mohr Raphael , Hamm Bernd , Schöning Wenzel , Horst David , Ihlow Jana , Geisel Dominik 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To investigate the value of gadoxetic acid (Gd-EOB)–enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for noninvasive subtype differentiation of HCCs according to the 5th edition of the WHO Classification of Digestive System Tumors in a western population.

Methods
This retrospective study included 262 resected lesions in 240 patients with preoperative Gd-EOB-enhanced MRI. Subtypes were assigned by two pathologists. Gd-EOB-enhanced MRI datasets were assessed by two radiologists for qualitative and quantitative imaging features, including imaging features defined in LI-RADS v2018 and area of hepatobiliary phase (HBP) iso- to hyperintensity.

Results
The combination of non-rim arterial phase hyperenhancement with non-peripheral portal venous washout was more common in “not otherwise specified” (nos-ST) (88/168, 52%) than other subtypes, in particular macrotrabecular massive (mt-ST) (3/15, 20%), chromophobe (ch-ST) (1/8, 13%), and scirrhous subtypes (sc-ST) (2/9, 22%) (p = 0.035). Macrovascular invasion was associated with mt-ST (5/16, p = 0.033) and intralesional steatosis with steatohepatitic subtype (sh-ST) (28/32, p < 0.001). Predominant iso- to hyperintensity in the HBP was only present in nos-ST (16/174), sh-ST (3/33), and clear cell subtypes (cc-ST) (3/13) (p = 0.031). Associations were found for the following non-imaging parameters: age and sex, as patients with fibrolamellar subtype (fib-ST) were younger (median 44 years (19–66), p < 0.001) and female (4/5, p = 0.023); logarithm of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was elevated in the mt-ST (median 397 µg/l (74–5370), p < 0.001); type II diabetes mellitus was more frequent in the sh-ST (20/33, p = 0.027).

Conclusions
Gd-EOB-MRI reproduces findings reported in the literature for extracellular contrast-enhanced MRI and CT and may be a valuable tool for noninvasive HCC subtype differentiation.

Clinical relevance statement
Better characterization of the heterogeneous phenotypes of HCC according to the revised WHO classification potentially improves both diagnostic accuracy and the precision of therapeutic stratification for HCC.

Key Points
• Previously reported imaging features of common subtypes in CT and MRI enhanced with extracellular contrast agents are reproducible with Gd-EOB-enhanced MRI.
• While uncommon, predominant iso- to hyperintensity in the HBP was observed only in NOS, clear cell, and steatohepatitic subtypes.
• Gd-EOB-enhanced MRI offers imaging features that are of value for HCC subtype differentiation according to the 5th edition of the WHO Classification of Digestive System Tumors.
Sirolimus treatment for paediatric head and neck lymphatic malformations: a systematic review
Authors: Saibene Alberto Maria , Rosso Cecilia , Felisati Giovanni , Pignataro Lorenzo , Schindler Antonio , Ghilardi Giorgio , Colletti Giacomo , Gaffuri Michele , Mozzanica Francesco 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This PRISMA-compliant systematic review aimed to assess risks and benefits of sirolimus treatment for paediatric lymphatic malformations by focusing not only on treatment efficacy but also on possible treatment-related adverse events, and treatment combinations with other techniques.

Methods
Search criteria were applied to MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases and included all studies published up to March 2022 reporting paediatric lymphatic malformations treated with sirolimus. We selected all original studies that included treatment outcomes. After the removal of duplicates, selection of abstracts and full-text articles, and quality assessment, we reviewed eligible articles for patient demographics, lymphatic malformation type, size or stage, site, clinical response rates, sirolimus administration route and dose, related adverse events, follow-up time, and concurrent treatments.

Results
Among 153 unique citations, 19 studies were considered eligible, with reported treatment data for 97 paediatric patients. Most studies (n = 9) were case reports. Clinical response was described for 89 patients, in whom 94 mild-to-moderate adverse events were reported. The most frequently administered treatment regimen was oral sirolimus 0.8 mg/m2 twice a day, with the aim of achieving a blood concentration of 10–15 ng/mL.

Conclusion
Despite promising results for sirolimus treatment in lymphatic malformation, the efficacy and safety profile of remains unclear due to the lack of high-quality studies. Systematic reporting of known side effects, especially in younger children, should assist clinicians in minimising treatment-associated risks. At the same time, we advocate for prospective multicentre studies with minimum reporting standards to facilitate improved candidate selection.
Autoimmune encephalitis: recent clinical and biological advances
Authors: Varley James A. , Strippel Christine , Handel Adam , Irani Sarosh R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn 2015, we wrote a review in The Journal of Neurology summarizing the field of autoantibody-associated neurological diseases. Now, in 2023, we present an update of the subject which reflects the rapid expansion and refinement of associated clinical phenotypes, further autoantibody discoveries, and a more detailed understanding of immunological and neurobiological pathophysiological pathways which mediate these diseases. Increasing awareness around distinctive aspects of their clinical phenotypes has been a key driver in providing clinicians with a better understanding as to how these diseases are best recognized. In clinical practice, this recognition supports the administration of often effective immunotherapies, making these diseases ‘not to miss’ conditions. In parallel, there is a need to accurately assess patient responses to these drugs, another area of growing interest. Feeding into clinical care are the basic biological underpinnings of the diseases, which offer clear pathways to improved therapies toward enhanced patient outcomes. In this update, we aim to integrate the clinical diagnostic pathway with advances in patient management and biology to provide a cohesive view on how to care for these patients in 2023, and the future.
Safety and effectiveness of ataluren in patients with nonsense mutation DMD in the STRIDE Registry compared with the CINRG Duchenne Natural History Study (2015–2022): 2022 interim analysis
Authors: Mercuri Eugenio , Osorio Andrés Nascimento , Muntoni Francesco , Buccella Filippo , Desguerre Isabelle , Kirschner Janbernd , Tulinius Már , de Resende Maria Bernadete Dutra , Morgenroth Lauren P. , Gordish-Dressman Heather , Johnson Shelley , Kristensen Allan , Werner Christian , Trifillis Panayiota , Henricson Erik K. , McDonald Craig M. ,   the STRIDE and CINRG DNHS investigators
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective
Strategic Targeting of Registries and International Database of Excellence (STRIDE) is an ongoing, international, multicenter registry of real-world ataluren use in individuals with nonsense mutation Duchenne muscular dystrophy (nmDMD) in clinical practice. This updated interim report (data cut-off: January 31, 2022), describes STRIDE patient characteristics and ataluren safety data, as well as the effectiveness of ataluren plus standard of care (SoC) in STRIDE versus SoC alone in the Cooperative International Neuromuscular Research Group (CINRG) Duchenne Natural History Study (DNHS).

Methods
Patients are followed up from enrollment for at least 5 years or until study withdrawal. Propensity score matching was performed to identify STRIDE and CINRG DNHS patients who were comparable in established predictors of disease progression.

Results
As of January 31, 2022, 307 patients were enrolled from 14 countries. Mean (standard deviation [SD]) ages at first symptoms and at genetic diagnosis were 2.9 (1.7) years and 4.5 (3.7) years, respectively. Mean (SD) duration of ataluren exposure was 1671 (56.8) days. Ataluren had a favorable safety profile; most treatment-emergent adverse events were mild or moderate and unrelated to ataluren. Kaplan–Meier analyses demonstrated that ataluren plus SoC significantly delayed age at loss of ambulation by 4 years (p < 0.0001) and age at decline to %-predicted forced vital capacity of < 60% and < 50% by 1.8 years (p = 0.0021) and 2.3 years (p = 0.0207), respectively, compared with SoC alone.

Conclusion
Long-term, real-world treatment with ataluren plus SoC delays several disease progression milestones in individuals with nmDMD. NCT02369731; registration date: February 24, 2015.
Semiautomatic assessment of endothelial density and morphology in organ-cultured corneas — potential predictors for transplantation suitability and clinical outcome?
Authors: Filev Filip , Stein Mathias , Schultheiss Maximilian , Fitzek Antonia D. E. , Feuerstake Jana , Engel Oliver , Hellwinkel Olaf J. C. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The quality of the endothelial cell layer is a major criterion for the approval of organ-cultured human donor-corneas for transplantation. We wanted to compare the predictive capacities of initial endothelial density and endothelium cell morphology for the approval of donor corneas for transplantation and for the clinical outcome after transplantation.

Methods
The endothelial density and endothelium morphology in organ culture were examined by semiautomatic assessment of 1031 donor corneas. We performed a statistical analysis for correlations of donor-data and cultivation parameters regarding their predictive capacities for the final approval of donor corneas for transplantation and the clinical outcome of 202 transplanted patients.

Results
Corneal endothelium cell density proved to be the only parameter with a certain predictive capacity with regard to the final decision, whether donor corneas are suitable for transplantation — however, the correlation was low (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.655). Endothelial cell morphology lacked any predictive power (AUC = 0.597). The clinical outcome regarding visual acuity seemed to be largely independent from both corneal endothelial cell density and morphology. Sub-analyses on transplanted patients stratified for their diagnoses vindicated these findings.

Conclusions
Higher endothelial density (above a cut-off level of 2000 cells/mm2), as well as better endothelial morphology do not seem to be critical for transplant-corneal functionality in organ culture and up to 2 years after transplantation. Comparable long-term studies on graft survival are recommended to determine, whether the present endothelial density cut-off levels might be too stringent.