bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary embolism post-Covid-19 infection: physiopathological mechanisms and vascular damage biomarkers
Authors: Petramala Luigi , Sarlo Francesca , Servello Adriana , Baroni Silvia , Suppa Marianna , Circosta Francesco , Galardo Gioacchino , Gandini Orietta , Marino Luca , Cavallaro Giuseppe , Iannucci Gino , Concistrè Antonio , Letizia Claudio 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCovid-19 infection is characterized by several acute complications, as well long-term sequelae, mostly sustained by endothelial dysfunction; several studies show that complications as pulmonary embolism (PE) are described both in the acute phase and after negativization. Aim of research was to evaluate anthropometric, bio-humoral, instrumental parameters in a group of patients affected by PE after recent Covid-19 infection compared to PE patients without previous Covid-19 infection. We enrolled 72 consecutive patients (35M, 37F) with acute PE, distinguished in relation to previous acute Covid-19 infection: 54 pts without previous acute Covid-19 infection and 18 pts with previous Covid-19 infection within negativity at least 2 months before PE diagnosis; 44 healthy subjects (21M, 23F) were recruited as control group. Patients who had previously developed Covid-19 needed hospitalization in high percentage (84%); this group showed significantly higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus than Covid-19-free PE patients, reduced serum levels of C-reactive protein, sST2 and PESI score. In post-Covid-19 PE group, we observed higher mean IMPROVE risk score, whereas in Covid-19-free group lower P/F ratio, higher radiological severity, and worse PESI score and severity index. Covid-19 infection affects not just the lung parenchyma but also other organs; endothelial damage plays pivotal role in long-term alterations; in high thrombotic risk group (recent hospitalization due to acute Covid-19 infection), we have described thrombotic complications characterized by persistent prothrombotic state after recovery, highlighted by well-known markers as PCR and D-Dimer as well as novel vascular marker (sST2).
MiR-425-5p suppression of Crebzf regulates oocyte aging via chromatin modification
Authors: Jueraitetibaike Kadiliya , Tang Ting , Ma Rujun , Zhao Shanmeizi , Wu Ronghua , Yang Yang , Huang Xuan , Cheng Xi , Zhou Cheng , Zhang Hong , Zheng Lu , Ge Xie , Chen Li , Yao Bing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFemale infertility due to declining oocyte quality with age remains a significant challenge for patients and physicians, despite extensive research efforts. Recent studies suggest that microRNAs (miRNAs), which respond to various stressors in the aging process, may provide a promising solution. With the approval of small RNA drugs for clinical use, miRNA-based treatment of oocyte aging appears to be a viable option. Through high-throughput sequencing, miR-425-5p was identified as the only miRNA elevated under natural aging and oxidative stress. Microinjection of inhibitors to inhibit miR-425-5p effectively improved compromised phenotypes of old oocytes in vitro. Further investigation revealed that Crebzf acts as a mediator of miR-425-5p's age-related functions in old oocytes. In vivo treatment with miR-425-5p antagomirs significantly improved impaired oocyte development in reproductively old females by targeting Crebzf. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that Crebzf plays a vital role in regulating mRNAs targeting histone H3, trimethylated lysine 4 (H3K4me3), a crucial marker for transcriptional silencing. Overexpression of miR-425-5p could hinder oocyte maturation by downregulating Crebzf expression and disrupting transcriptional regulation. Our findings provide new insights into the potential of miR-425-5p antagomirs as a treatment for female infertility and highlight an elegant mechanism by which miR-425-5p inhibition of Crebzf inhibits a developmental switch in GV oocytes by regulating a group of histone methyltransferase mRNAs.
Laser Beam Polishing of PA12 Parts Manufactured by Powder Bed Fusion
Authors: Eckhardt Lukas , Layher Michel , Hopf Andreas , Bliedtner Jens , May Markus , Lachmund Steven , Buttler Benjamin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Multi Jet Fusion™ (MJF) is a powder bed fusion technology that fuses material locally with infrared radiation. Fabricated parts show high mechanical strength, low porosity and good dimensional accuracy, even for challenging geometries. They do, however, have a distinctive grainy surface with a roughness of Ra > 5 μm limiting possible applications. A fairly recent technology for the smoothing and polishing of polymer surfaces is the surface re-melting by laser beam polishing (LBP). The objective of this study is to characterize the LBP-process of MJF-manufactured Nylon PA12 parts and evaluate it in relation to state-of-the-art finishing methods.

Methods
PA12 samples produced using the Multi Jet Fusion™ process are laser beam polished with a 30 W CO2-laser system. A numerical model is applied in order to estimate the effects of different processing parameters and laser scanning strategies. Calculated temperature progressions are validated experimentally with thermographic measurements. The laser beam polished surfaces are subsequently characterised by surface topography, tensile strength, surface energy and hardness.

Results
A re-melting and concurrent smoothing of PA12 surfaces was demonstrated for a number of different processing strategies. The use of a line-focus resulted in the best combination of processing speed, flexibility and surface quality with a reduction in roughness of up to 91%.

Conclusion
Laser beam polishing is applicable to parts manufactured by Multi Jet Fusion™. Depending on the case of application, it can be preferable to conventional post-processing strategies for fusing residual powder and improving tribological properties.
Magnetic Iron Oxide Kaolinite Nanocomposite for Effective Removal of Congo Red Dye: Adsorption, Kinetics, and Thermodynamics Studies
Authors: Mahmud Nafis , Benamor Abdelbaki 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMagnetic iron oxide/kaolinite (MK) composite was synthesized using co-precipitation method and characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM/EDX, TGA, XPS, VSM, and zeta potential analyses. The synthesized composite consisting of kaolinite halloysites with small clusters of iron oxide on its outer surface was used in batch experiments to adsorb Congo red dye at different temperatures. The adsorption data were fitted to three different isotherms with Langmuir adsorption isotherm best fitting the adsorption data. The maximum adsorption capacity of MK adsorbent was found to be around 45.59 mg/g. Adsorption kinetics data obtained at three different temperatures were fitted to pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models, where the latter model was able to better interpret the obtained kinetics data with a pseudo-second-order rate constant of 8.60 × 10−2 g.mg−1.min−1. Further analysis of the kinetic data revealed that the adsorption mechanism could be explained via intraparticle diffusion model. Thermodynamic parameters ΔG°, ΔH°, and ΔS° for the adsorption process were determined with the results revealing the adsorption process to be favorable, endothermic, and physical in nature. Finally, comparison with other adsorbents showed that the synthesized MK composite exhibits significant potential to be used as an adsorbent for the removal of organic pollutants from aqueous solutions.
Gas permeability and emission in unsaturated vegetated landfill cover with biochar addition
Authors: Ni Junjun , Zhou Jingsong , Wang Yuchen , Guo Haowen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPlant–biochar interaction has been recognized to affect the hydraulic properties of landfill cover soils, while its influence on landfill gas emission is rarely studied. This study investigated the coupled effects of biochar and vegetation on gas permeability and emission in unsaturated landfill cover through an integrated theoretical modelling and laboratory investigation. First, a gas permeability model was developed for vegetated coarse-grained soils with biochar addition. Then, a well-instrumented laboratory column test and two tests from the literature, considering bare, grass, biochar and grass + biochar conditions, were used for model validation. Finally, a numerical parametric study was conducted to investigate the influence of root growth and drought conditions on the gas emission rate. Results showed that the developed model can satisfactorily capture the gas permeability of unsaturated soils at various degrees of saturation. The lowest water retention capacity, the highest gas permeability and gas emission rate after 24 months of growth were observed in the grassed column. However, adding biochar in vegetated soils can maximize the water retention capacity and decrease the gas permeability, resulting in the lowest gas emission rate. The measured gas emission rates for the four cases meet the recommended value by the design guideline. The parametric study showed that the increased root depth from 0.2 m to 0.4 m improved the gas emission rate by 170% in the grass case but decreased by 97% in the grass + biochar case. Under the severe drought condition with soil suction around 500 kPa, the gas emission rate in the grassed case exceeded the design value by 18%, while those in the biochar cases were far below the allowable value. Therefore, peanut shell biochar should be considered to amend the grassed landfill cover using coarse-grained soils as it can significantly improve engineering performance in reducing gas emissions under extreme drought conditions.
Graphical abstract
The role of civil society organizations in alcohol control during the COVID-19 pandemic across six countries in Africa
Authors: Aneja Kashish , Diedericks Aadielah Maker , Halabi Sam , Gottschalk Katie , Waddell Kerry , Tello Juan E. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The differing global trends in alcohol consumption and policy measures implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic warrant a closer look at the actions taken by civil society organisations (CSOs) and community-led efforts to describe how they may influence and accelerate action for change in alcohol control measures. This paper analyses actions undertaken by CSOs at the national and local levels to safeguard communities and improve alcohol control policies during the COVID-19 pandemic in six African countries.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey was distributed via email to CSOs involved in alcohol prevention, outreach and policy development in Kenya, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania and Zimbabwe. Individuals (n = 19) working at CSOs responded to the questionnaire from February to March 2022. Questions related to the role of CSOs during the pandemic are analysed and synthesised in this paper. 19 CSOs respondents representing the six countries were included in the study.

Results
Action areas led by CSOs during the COVID-19 pandemic included: (i) direct lobbying advocacy, (ii) conducting public awareness media campaigns and (iii) legal and regulatory interventions linked to the pandemic.

Conclusions
Given the size of the challenges governments faced during the COVID-19 pandemic, the role of CSOs, during the ongoing pandemic and beyond, has become even more relevant to strengthen advocacy and public health interventions for alcohol control in Southern Africa. For this, CSOs should have a “seat at the table” when public health policies are designed, discussed and enforced.
Furosemide and acute kidney injury: is Batman the cause of evil?
Authors: Ricci Zaccaria , Deep Akash 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAs a drug directly acting on the tubules, furosemide has long been debated as a beneficial or detrimental drug for renal function, and the doubts have found no clear answer so far. Recent retrospective literature has highlighted the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) worsening after diuretic administration. However, the significance of fluid balance in terms of organ dysfunction and, in particular, a fluid overload (the percentage of excess weight gained with respect to admission weight) cutoff of 10% or greater has been associated with worsened outcomes in both critically ill children and adults. Diuretics in critically ill children are not administered “to manage” AKI but to convert oliguric to non-oliguric (subclinical and established) AKI and are very effective because they improve the urine output component of AKI. However, they may tend to transiently increase the creatinine component of AKI due to pharmacodynamics of loop diuretics. In conclusion, congestive AKI can be effectively treated by loop diuretics and decongestion of organs dysfunctional for fluid accumulation may contribute to improving children’s survival, making it similar to that of non-congested ones.
The Trial of Faith in the Spanish Inquisition
Authors: Dedieu Jean-Pierre , Knutsen Gunnar W. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
By starting from a series of practical manuscript manuals
produced by Spanish inquisitors for daily use in their work, then following
their references to Latin legal treatises, it is possible to gain a better
understanding of the theoretical, theological, philosophical, and pastoral
underpinnings of inquisitorial practice. Further information can be gleaned by
comparing the procedural structure of trials with the relaciones de causas, the reports that summarized
those trials and justified inquisitors’ decisions to their superiors. This
double approach reveals that the inquisitorial trial of faith can be
conceptualized on two different levels: the formal judicial proceedings that
shaped the organizational sequence of the trial, and another process that
followed a less explicit internal logic and sought to produce a penitential
rather than a judicial truth. Though less evident for modern readers of the
Inquisition’s archives, this second level formed a key part of the theoretical
apparatus described in the Latin treatises. The first level was repressive and,
once the offense was proved in conformity with all judicial forms, imposed
punishment. The second was integrative and ecclesiastic, and aimed to
reintegrate defendants into the fold of the Catholic Church even when found
guilty. The inquisitors mobilized these two levels with a certain flexibility
that has not always been evident to historians: seen from this angle, their
expressions of interest in defendants’ spiritual well-being were more than
simple hypocrisy. The two conflictual logics nevertheless meant that the
inquisitorial trial of faith was an unbalanced edifice that could easily sway in
one direction or the other, depending on the inquisitors’ choices. Over time, it
appears that the penitential aspect of the trial took precedence over the purely
judicial dimension. There are several indications that a similar double logic
governed the criminal trials of other jurisdictions, meaning that such an
approach may shed a broader light on early modern institutions and their
resolution of conflicts.
Akaike and the No Miracle Argument for Scientific Realism
Authors: Fatollahi Alireza 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe “No Miracle Argument” for scientific realism contends that the only plausible explanation for the predictive success of scientific theories is their truthlikeness, but doesn’t specify what ‘truthlikeness’ means. I argue that if we understand ‘truthlikeness’ in terms of Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence, the resulting realist thesis (RKL) is a plausible explanation for science’s success. Still, RKL probably falls short of the realist’s ideal. I argue, however, that the strongest version of realism that the argument can plausibly establish is RKL. The realist needs another argument for establishing a stronger realist thesis.
Environmental sensor placement with convolutional Gaussian neural processes
Authors: Andersson Tom R. , Bruinsma Wessel P. , Markou Stratis , Requeima James , Coca-Castro Alejandro , Vaughan Anna , Ellis Anna-Louise , Lazzara Matthew A. , Jones Dani , Hosking Scott , Turner Richard E. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Environmental sensors are crucial for monitoring weather conditions and the impacts of climate change. However, it is challenging to place sensors in a way that maximises the informativeness of their measurements, particularly in remote regions like Antarctica. Probabilistic machine learning models can suggest informative sensor placements by finding sites that maximally reduce prediction uncertainty. Gaussian process (GP) models are widely used for this purpose, but they struggle with capturing complex non-stationary behaviour and scaling to large datasets. This paper proposes using a convolutional Gaussian neural process (ConvGNP) to address these issues. A ConvGNP uses neural networks to parameterise a joint Gaussian distribution at arbitrary target locations, enabling flexibility and scalability. Using simulated surface air temperature anomaly over Antarctica as training data, the ConvGNP learns spatial and seasonal non-stationarities, outperforming a non-stationary GP baseline. In a simulated sensor placement experiment, the ConvGNP better predicts the performance boost obtained from new observations than GP baselines, leading to more informative sensor placements. We contrast our approach with physics-based sensor placement methods and propose future steps towards an operational sensor placement recommendation system. Our work could help to realise environmental digital twins that actively direct measurement sampling to improve the digital representation of reality.
Implications of extinction in law: Preventing, declaring and learning from species extinctions
Authors: McCormack Phillipa C. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Biodiversity laws around the world differ, but, at their core, these laws promote the fundamental objective of preventing environmental decline and species extinctions. A variety of legal mechanisms have been implemented in domestic laws around the world to achieve this objective, including protection for habitat, environmental impact assessments and threatened species recovery plans. In many jurisdictions, if these mechanisms fail to protect a species, it may be legally declared extinct, or added to a formal list of those that have been lost. This article examines the conservation purpose and legal implications for laws about extinction. A legal power to recognise a species as extinct has the potential to foster ambition, transparency and rigorous measurement of progress against conservation goals. However, in practice, efforts to prevent extinction are applied selectively. Without an obligation to learn from extinctions, recognition of species extinctions in law may have perverse effects, or no effect at all. This article proposes a conceptual model for the role of law in relation to extinctions, highlighting opportunities to improve legal frameworks to achieve more productive and positive conservation outcomes, even as climate change and other pressures drive many more species towards extinction.
Exotic Monoidal Structures and Abstractly Automorphic Representations for
Authors: Dor Gal 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We use the theta correspondence to study the equivalence between Godement–Jacquet and Jacquet–Langlands L-functions for

${\mathrm {GL}}(2)$

. We show that the resulting comparison is in fact an expression of an exotic symmetric monoidal structure on the category of

${\mathrm {GL}}(2)$

-modules. Moreover, this enables us to construct an abelian category of abstractly automorphic representations, whose irreducible objects are the usual automorphic representations. We speculate that this category is a natural setting for the study of automorphic phenomena for

${\mathrm {GL}}(2)$

, and demonstrate its basic properties.
This paper is a part of the author’s thesis [4].
Changes in Temperature‐Precipitation Compound Extreme Events in China During the Past 119 Years
Authors: Peng Tingting , Zhao Liang , Zhang Ling , Shen Xinyong , Ding Yihui , Wang Jingsong , Li Qingquan , Liu Yanju , Hu Yamin , Ling Jian , Li Zhihui , Huang Cunrui 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study analyzes the change characteristics of compound extreme events (CEEs) of temperature and precipitation (including warm‐wet, warm‐dry, cold‐wet and cold‐dry) in China on interannual and interdecadal scales between 1901 and 2019. The results demonstrate a long‐term increasing trend and interdecadal oscillations in CEEs total frequency. However, the frequency of each type of CEEs changes in a different manner compared with total CEEs frequency. There are fewer CEEs but increasing warm‐dry during 1901–1950. The period 1951–1995 are characterized by frequent cold CEEs (cold‐wet and cold‐dry), cold‐wet are largely distributed in most areas except for northeast and coastal areas of China, while cold‐dry are distributed in most areas except for the northwest regions of China. There are frequent warm CEEs (warm‐wet and warm‐dry) and fewer cold CEEs during 1996–2019. Warm‐wet frequently occurs in the Tibetan Plateau and northwest China, and warm‐dry mainly concentrates in southwest and northern China during this period. The frequency of warm‐dry and cold‐wet were higher than that of warm‐wet and cold‐dry over the past 119 years, whereas warm‐wet increased fastest in the northwest region after 1996, consistent with the warming and wetting characteristics in the northwest region of China. Further study show that long‐term change and low frequency oscillations have the greatest impact on CEEs among different time scale factors. Furthermore, the temperature rise caused by climate change affects the interdecadal characteristics of CEEs in China through the changes of circulation fields such as East Asian trough and subtropical high and the configuration between them.
Transport and Acceleration of O+ Ions in Upstream Solar Wind Due To Impact of an IMF Discontinuity: 3D Global Hybrid Simulation
Authors: Wang Chih‐Ping , Wang Xueyi , Lin Yu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBased on the predictions of global 3D hybrid simulations, we present a new transport/acceleration path for escaped O+ ions in the upstream solar wind region resulting from the impact of a particular IMF tangential discontinuity (TD) with negative (positive) IMF Bz on the discontinuity's anti‐sunward (sunward) side. For O+ ions escaping to the duskside magnetosheath and with gyro‐radii larger than the TD thickness, when they encounter the TD, they can first go sunward into the upstream solar wind. They then gyrate clockwise to the pre‐noon side and get accelerated within the solar wind region and circulate back to the dawnside magnetosphere. These ions may be accelerated to well within the ring current energy range depending on the solar wind electric field strength. This new transport/acceleration path can bring some of the escaped ions into the inner magnetosphere, thus providing a new mechanism for generating an O+ ring current population.