bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minimally Invasive Surgery for the Treatment of Moderate to Critical Acute Pancreatitis: A Case-matched Comparison With the Traditional Open Approach Over 10 years
Authors: Morelli Luca , Guadagni Simone , Palmeri Matteo , Bechini Bianca , Gianardi Desirée , Furbetta Niccolò , Di Franco Gregorio , Di Candio Giulio 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this study is to compare short-term and midterm outcomes between patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) treated with minimally invasive surgery (MIS) and patients treated with open necrosectomy (ON).

Materials and Methods:
We compared data of all patients who had undergone MIS for AP with a similar group of patients with ON patients between January 2012 and June 2021 using a case-matched methodology based on AP severity and patient characteristics. Inhospital and midterm follow-up variables, including quality-of-life assessment, were evaluated.

Results:
Starting from a whole series of 79 patients with moderate to critical AP admitted to our referral center, the final study sample consisted of 24 patients (12 MIS and 12 ON). Postoperative (18.7±10.9 vs. 30.3±21.7 d; P=0.05) and overall hospitalization (56.3±17.4 vs. 76.9±39.4 d; P=0.05) were lower in the MIS group. Moreover, the Short-Form 36 scores in the ON group were statistically significantly lower in role limitations because of emotional problems (P=0.002) and health changes (P=0.03) at 3 and 6 months and because of emotional problems (P=0.05), emotional well-being (P=0.02), and general health (P=0.007) at 1 year.

Conclusions:
MIS for the surgical management of moderate to critical AP seems to be a good option, as it could provide more chances for a better midterm quality of life compared with ON. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings.
MALAT1Expression is Associated with Aggressive Behavior in Indolent B-Cell Neoplasms
Authors: María Fernández-Garnacho Elena , Nadeu Ferran , Martín Silvia , Mozas Pablo , Rivero Andrea , Delgado Julio , Giné Eva , López-Guillermo Armando , Duran-Ferrer Martí , Salaverria Itziar , López Cristina , Beà Sílvia , Demajo Santiago , Jares Pedro , Puente Xose S , Martín-Subero José Ignacio , Campo Elias , Hernández Lluís 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMALAT1is a long non-coding RNA with oncogenic roles in cancer but poorly studied in indolent B-cell neoplasms. Here,MALAT1expression was analyzed using RNA-seq, microarrays or qRT-PCR in primary samples from various clinico-biological subtypes of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL, n=266) and follicular lymphoma (FL, n=61). In peripheral blood (PB) CLL samples, highMALAT1expression was associated with a significantly shorter time to treatment, independently from other known prognostic factors, such as IGHV mutational status. Coding genes whose expression levels were associated withMALAT1in CLL were predominantly related to oncogenic pathways stimulated in the lymph node (LN) microenvironment. Further analysis ofMALAT1expression by microarrays in paired CLL samples from PB/LN showed that its levels were maintained between both anatomical compartments, supporting that the clinical value ofMALAT1expression found in PB is mirroring expression differences already present in LN. Similarly, highMALAT1expression in FL predicted for a shorter progression-free survival, and its correlated expressed genes were associated with pathways promoting FL pathogenesis. In summary,MALAT1expression is related to pathophysiology and clinical behavior of indolent B-cell neoplasms. Particularly in CLL its levels could be a surrogate marker of the microenvironment stimulation and may contribute to refine the clinical management of these patients.
BRIEF COMMUNICATION: High level of Anti SARS-Co-V2 RBD Antibody one year post booster vaccine hospital workers in Indonesia; Was second booster needed?
Authors: Muslimah Amila Hanifan , Tiara Marita Restie , Djauhari Hofiya , Dewantara Hafizh , Susandi Evan , Indrati Agnes Rengga , Alisjahbana Bachti , Soeroto Arto Yuwono , Wisaksana Rudi 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTHealthcare workers in Indonesia acquired a complete 2 doses of Sinovac in early 2021 and first booster dose of Moderna in July 2021. In August 2022, the ministry of health prioritized healthcare workers to acquire the second booster dose of Moderna as antibody levels from the year before may have waned. We conducted a sequential serosurvey aimed to determine the level of SARS CoV2 S-RBD antibody reached by the first vaccine, after the first booster, and before the second booster to understand the dynamics of the antibody level. COVID-19 antibody test was conducted using the FastBioRBDtmtest with a maximum limit detection level of 4000 BAU/mL. First serosurvey which was conducted in June 2021, one to six months after Sinovac vaccination, showed a median antibody level of 41.4 BAU/mL (IQR 10 – 629.4 BAU/mL). The second serosurvey was conducted one month (August 2021) after the first Moderna booster vaccine, and showed a median level of 4000 BAU/mL (IQR 3081 – 4000 BAU/mL). While the last serosurvey conducted a year (August 2022) after the booster, showed 4000 BAU/mL (IQR 4000 – 4000 BAU/mL). Only 39 (11.9%) healthcare workers have antibody levels below the maximum level of 4000 BAU./mL We did not see the waning of antibody levels among healthcare workers approximately 1 year after the booster. It increases perhaps due to the natural infection caused by the omicron variant outbreak in early 2022. Based on this fact, we suggest considering if the second booster dose is really necessary. The limited vaccine supply can better be given to the person or other high-risk groups of patients who has a low level of antibody based on serological testing.
Towards automatic home-based sleep apnea estimation using deep learning
Authors: Retamales Gabriela , Gavidia Marino E. , Bausch Ben , Montanari Arthur N. , Husch Andreas , Goncalves Jorge 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTApnea and hypopnea are common sleep disorders characterized by complete or partial obstructions of the airways, respectively. A sleep study, also known as polysomnography (PSG), is typically used to compute the Apnea–Hypopnea Index (AHI), the number of times a person has apnea or certain types of hypopnea per hour of sleep. AHI is then used to diagnose the severity of the sleep disorder. Early detection and treatment of apnea can significantly reduce morbidity and mortality. However, continuous PSG monitoring is unfeasible as it is costly and uncomfortable for patients. To circumvent these issues, we propose a method, named DRIVEN, to estimate AHI at home from wearable devices and assist physicians in diagnosing the severity of apneas. DRIVEN also detects when apnea, hypopnea, periods of wakefulness occur throughout the night, facilitating easy inspection by physicians. Patients can wear a single sensor or a combination of sensors that can be easily measured at home: abdominal movement, thoracic movement, or pulse oximetry. For example, using only two sensors, DRIVEN correctly classifies 72.4% of all test patients into one of the four AHI classes, with 99.3% either correctly classified or placed one class away from the true one. This is a reasonable trade-off between the model’s performance and patient’s comfort. We use data from three sleep studies from the National Sleep Research Resource (NSRR), the largest public repository, consisting of 14,370 recordings. DRIVEN is based on a combination of deep convolutional neural networks and a light-gradient-boost machine for classification. Since DRIVEN is simple and computationally efficient, it can be implemented for automatic estimation of AHI in unsupervised long-term home monitoring systems, reducing costs to healthcare systems and improving patient care.
Prevalence of Screen Addiction and its association with Screen Use Behavior & Type of Content Consumed in the general population of Mumbai & its environs
Authors: Rao Shirish , Gupta Vidushi , Ambike Amey , Adarkar Shilpa , Mhatre Pauras , Saraf Prashant , Raul Shreeya , Paranjape Raghav , Dedhia Keval , Inamdar Gayatri , Chavan Pavan , Shinde Purva , Kadam Esha 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundVaried prevalence of internet, gaming & smartphone addiction have been estimated across different regions. Though gaming & internet addiction have already been recognized, the emerging trend of binge-watching also demands attention. There was a need to estimate their prevalence using a uniform scale, compare addiction scores and also assess its association with content consumed and screen use behavior.ObjectiveTo find the prevalence of screen addiction and its association with screen use behaviour & type of content consumed.MethodologyA cross-sectional study was conducted among 252 participants who were recruited using stratified random sampling and were interviewed using Digital Addiction Scale & a self-designed questionnaire (CVR>0.65).ResultsThe prevalence of screen addiction was found to be 13% and found to be associated with age(p<0.01), sex(p<0.01), type of content consumed(p<0.05), device used(p<0.01), self-reported causes(p<0.01), withdrawal(p<0.01) & screen use specific psychological phenomenon(p<0.01). Addiction scores of gamers, social media users & binge watchers were comparable(p>0.05).ConclusionThe prevalence of screen addiction is substantially high, particularly in the younger population. This study also highlights the strong association of screen use behavior & type of content consumed and apps used with addictive screen use. The similarity in addiction scores and associated factors also support the use of umbrella term ‘Screen Addiction’ to group all kinds of addictive screen usage.
DOC screen completion time reflects executive function, speed of processing and fluency in an observational cohort study
Authors: Southwell Alisia , Sujanthan Sajeevan , Armel Tera , Xing Elaine , Kapoor Arunima , Eileen Liu Xiao Yu , Lanctot Krista L. , Herrmann Nathan , Murray Brian J. , Thorpe Kevin E. , Cayley Megan L. , Sicard Michelle N. , Lien Karen , Sahlas Demetrios J. , Swartz Richard H. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe DOC screen was developed to identify Depression, Obstructive sleep apnea, and Cognitive impairment (“DOC” comorbidities) after stroke. Each component has its own score, but additional information may be gained from the time to complete the screen. Cognitive screening completion time is rarely used as an outcome measure. We assessed the added value of using DOC screen completion time as a predictor of impairment on detailed cognitive assessments.MethodsConsecutive English-speaking new referrals to the stroke prevention clinic were consented to participate in detailed neuropsychological testing (n=437). DOC screen scores and times were compared to cognitive test scores using multiple linear regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. All linear regression analyses controlled for age, sex, years of education, and functional outcome as assessed by the modified Rankin score.ResultsAverage completion time for the DOC screen was 3.8 ± 1.3 minutes. After accounting for age, sex and cognitive screen score, completion time was a significant independent predictor, of speed of processing (p = .002, 95% CI: -0.016 to -0.004), verbal fluency (p < .001, CI: -0.012 to -0.006) and executive (p = .004, CI: -0.006 to -0.001), but not memory, function. Completion time above 5.5 minutes (332.5 seconds) was associated with a high likelihood of impairment on gold standard executive (likelihood ratios 3.9-5.2) and speed of processing (likelihood ratio = 5.2) tasks.ConclusionsDOC screen completion time is easy to collect in routine care and is independently associated with speed of processing, language and executive dysfunctions after stroke. People who take more than 5.5 minutes to complete the DOC screen are likely to have deficits in executive functioning and speed of processing. These domains can be challenging to screen for in stroke survivors, and this measure provides a simple, clinically feasible method to screen for these under-appreciated concerns.Clinical Trials Registration Identifier:NCT02363114Clinical Trials URL:https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02363114
Distinct and shared genetic architectures of Gestational diabetes mellitus and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Elliott A. , Walters R. K. , Pirinen M. , Kurki M. , Junna N. , Goldstein J. , Reeve M.P. , Siirtola H. , Lemmelä S. , Turley P. ,   FinnGen, Palotie A. , Daly M. , Widén E. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects more than 16 million pregnancies annually worldwide and is related to an increased lifetime risk of Type 2 diabetes (T2D). The diseases are hypothesized to share a genetic predisposition, but there are few GWAS studies of GDM and none of them is sufficiently powered to assess whether any variants or biological pathways are specific to GDM. We conducted the largest genome-wide association study of GDM to date in 12,332 cases and 131,109 parous female controls in the FinnGen Study and identified 13 GDM-associated loci including 8 novel loci. Genetic features distinct from T2D were identified both at the locus and genomic scale. Our results suggest that the genetics of GDM risk falls into two distinct categories – one part conventional T2D polygenic risk and one part predominantly influencing mechanisms disrupted in pregnancy. Loci with GDM-predominant effects map to genes related to islet cells, central glucose homeostasis, steroidogenesis, and placental expression. These results pave the way for an improved biological understanding of GDM pathophysiology and its role in the development and course of T2D.
Machine learning prediction of early postpartum prediabetes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Parkhi Durga , Periyathambi Nishanthi , Weldeselassie Yonas , Patel Vinod , Sukumar Nithya , Siddharthan Rahul , Narlikar Leelavati , Ponnusamy Saravanan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundEarly onset of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease are common complications for women diagnosed with gestational diabetes. About half of the women with gestational diabetes develop postpartum prediabetes within 10 years of the index pregnancy. These women also have double the risk of developing cardiovascular disease than women without a history of gestational diabetes. Currently, there is no accurate way of knowing which women with gestational diabetes are likely to develop postpartum prediabetes. This study aims to predict the risk of postpartum prediabetes in women diagnosed with gestational diabetes.MethodsWe build a sparse logistic regression-based machine learning model to learn key variables significant for the prediction of postpartum prediabetes, from antenatal data with maternal anthropometric and biochemical variables as well as neonatal characteristics of 607 UK women diagnosed with gestational diabetes. We evaluate the performance of the proposed model in addition to other more advanced machine learning methods using established metrics such as the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and specificity for pre-determined values of sensitivity. We use K-L divergence and information graphs to evaluate and compare different thresholds of classification for targeted screening options in resource-constrained settings. We also perform a decision curve analysis to study the net standardized benefit of our model compared to the universal screening approach.ResultsStrikingly, our sparse logistic regression approach selects only two variables as relevant but gives an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.72, outperforming all other methods. It can identify postpartum prediabetes in women with gestational diabetes using the Rule-in test with 92% specificity at an optimal probability threshold of 0.381 and using the Rule-out test with 92% sensitivity at an optimal probability threshold of 0.140.ConclusionWe propose a simple logistic regression model, which needs only the antenatal fasting glucose at OGTT and HbA1c soon after the diagnosis of GDM, to predict, with remarkable accuracy, the probability of postpartum prediabetes in women with gestational diabetes. We envision this to be a practical solution, which coupled with a targeted follow-up of high-risk women, could yield better cardiometabolic outcomes in women with a history of GDM.
A comprehensive survey on the beliefs, perceptions, and clinical manifestations of pre and post Covid-19 vaccinations among physiotherapy students in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Almheiri Shaikha , Hazari Animesh , Kumar Praveen , Kumar Sampath , Girish Srilatha 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe World Health Organization has defined Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) as an infectious pandemic, caused by a newly discovered SARS-CoV-2 virus. Students relied heavily on the internet, social media, parents, and friends, in addition to medical advice for information on its presentation, complications, prevention, and management. It is evident from the literature that healthcare professionals including students who play an important role in the healthcare system may be lacking important information on COVID-19 vaccinations. Thus, the study aims to identify and compare the pre-post covid-19 vaccination-related essential information among Physical Therapy university students.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted among physiotherapy university students in the United Arab Emirates using a self-administrated structured questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised three sections covering beliefs, perceptions, and clinical manifestations of the pre and post-COVID-19 vaccination. The survey was shared with more than 300 students through email and social platforms during the time between January 2022 till December 2022.ResultsThe majority of the physiotherapy students believed the vaccines to be safe (71.3%) due to multiple reasons while others did not believe in the effectiveness of the vaccine (28.7%). Some students did report unusual symptoms (painful periods, hair loss, forgetfulness) after the vaccine (10%). Similar findings were reported for family members as well (14%). Students had a positive perception of the vaccine and reported willingness to take it even if not mandatory (68%).ConclusionSome students did believe in the safety of the vaccine due to multiple reasons while some did not due to fear of long-term side effects and personal choices. The finding of the study could be useful to create confidence as well as awareness among physiotherapy students as they are often invited to aid during medical pandemics such as Covid 19. Also, higher rates of vaccination among healthcare professionals will impart higher acceptance in the medical organization due to safety guidelines. This could also help to counsel other students against fear and apprehension towards the vaccination of such kind in the future.
Changes in SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and population immunity in Finland, 2020–2022
Authors: Solastie Anna , Nieminen Tuomo , Ekström Nina , Nohynek Hanna , Lehtonen Lasse , Palmu Arto A. , Melin Merit 
Published: February 2023

1.AbstractStudying the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies (seroprevalence) allows assessing the impact of epidemic containment measures and vaccinations, as well as estimation of the number of infections regardless of viral testing. We assessed antibody-mediated immunity to SARS-CoV-2 induced by infections and vaccinations from April 2020 to December 2022 in Finland by measuring serum IgG to SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein (N-IgG) and spike glycoprotein from randomly selected 18-85-year-old subjects (n=9794). N-IgG seroprevalence remained at <7% until the last quartile (Q) of 2021. After the emergence of the omicron variant, N-IgG seroprevalence increased rapidly and was 31% in Q1/2022 and 54% in Q4/2022. Seroprevalence was highest in youngest age groups from Q2/2022 onwards. We estimated that 51% of the Finnish 18-85-year-old population had antibody-mediated hybrid immunity induced by a combination of vaccinations and infections by the end of 2022. In conclusion, major shifts in the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting population immunity could be observed by serological testing.
Evidence of Leaky Protection Following COVID-19 Vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 Infection in an Incarcerated Population
Authors: Lind Margaret L , Dorion Murilo , Houde Amy J , Lansing Mary , Lapidus Sarah , Thomas Russell , Yildirim Inci , Omer Saad B. , Schulz Wade L. , Andrews Jason R. , Hitchings Matt DT , Kennedy Byron S. , Richeson Robert P. , Cummings Derek AT , Ko Albert I 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWhether SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccines confer exposure-dependent (“leaky”) protection against infection remains unknown. We examined the effect of prior infection, vaccination, and hybrid immunity on infection risk among residents of Connecticut correctional facilities during periods of predominant Omicron and Delta transmission. Residents with cell, cellblock, and no documented exposure to SARS-CoV-2 infected residents were matched by facility and date. During the Omicron period, prior infection, vaccination, and hybrid immunity reduced the infection risk of residents without a documented exposure (HR: 0.36 [0.25-0.54]; 0.57 [0.42-0.78]; 0.24 [0.15-0.39]; respectively) and with cellblock exposures (0.61 [0.49-0.75]; 0.69 [0.58-0.83]; 0.41 [0.31-0.55]; respectively) but not with cell exposures (0.89 [0.58-1.35]; 0.96 [0.64-1.46]; 0.80 [0.46-1.39]; respectively). Associations were similar during the Delta period and when analyses were restricted to tested residents. Although associations may not have been thoroughly adjusted due to dataset limitations, the findings suggest that prior infection and vaccination may be leaky, highlighting the potential benefits of pairing vaccination with non-pharmaceutical interventions in crowded settings.
A comparative mixed method study of flipped class room and traditional lecture for teaching rational drug prescription among undergraduates in Pharmacology
Authors: Sushama Jitha , Pulikkunnel Scaria Thomas 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRational drug prescription is a very important competency an Indian Medical Graduate (IMG) should acquire during his undergraduate training. Irrational prescriptions lead to drug resistance, adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and drug interactions. This was a prospective interventional mixed – method study where students were pseudo-randomised to either Traditional Lecture or Flipped Classroom based on the date of their academic session. For the study purpose, 250 phase 2 MBBS students in Pharmacology were divided into two groups. Allocation into 2 groups was done by lot method one week before the scheduled class so that the online study materials could be sent to the students belonging to the flipped classroom method in the form of case scenarios and videos. A total of 198 students participated in the study with 103 in the TL group and 95 in the FC group. Acquisition of higher order cognitive skills like application and analysis was assessed by measuring an academic score obtained from a series of exercises on rational prescription in a given clinical scenario. The academic score of the TL group (Mean - 5.99, SD-2.34) vs FC (Mean-5.59, SD-1.39) group thus obtained was not statistically significant p > 0.05, Effect size-0.08. The perception of students towards TL and FC assessed with the help of a questionnaire showed a statistically significant difference in favour of FC for the perceptions in the ability to improve academic score, generate peer interaction, facilitate team work and improve teacher-student interaction.