bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performances between the FY‐4A/GIIRS and FY‐4B/GIIRS Long‐Wave InfraRed (LWIR) channels under clear‐sky and all‐sky conditions
Authors: Niu Zeyi , Zhang Lei , Han Yang , Dong Peiming , Huang Wei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe observation‐minus‐background (O − B) bias characteristics are compared for the Long‐Wave InfraRed (LWIR) channels of the Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder (GIIRS) on board Fengyun‐4A (FY‐4A) and Fengyun‐4B (FY‐4B) satellites under clear‐sky and all‐sky conditions. Under the clear‐sky condition, the data quality of the FY‐4B/GIIRS is better than that of the FY‐4A/GIIRS. Specifically, the standard deviations (<1 K) of the O − B values for FY‐4B/GIIRS LWIR channels are smaller than those (>1 K) of the FY‐4A/GIIRS, especially in carbon dioxide (CO2) and ozone (O3) absorption bands. The diurnal variations of the mean O − B biases for the O3 band of the FY‐4B/GIIRS are less than those of FY‐4A/GIIRS. To our surprise, the diurnal variations of O − B biases for the FY‐4B/GIIRS and FY‐4A/GIIRS channels show an obvious antiphase characteristic in the CO2 band, which could be caused by diurnal environmental field variations from the different geostationary (GEO) platforms. In addition, the FY‐4B/GIIRS channel 7 (703.75 cm−1) has smaller pixel‐dependent biases than those of FY‐4A/GIIRS. Under the all‐sky condition, the observation and cloudy simulation () for channels 7 (703.75 cm−1), 36 (721.875 cm−1), and 320 (900 cm−1) of the FY‐4B/GIIRS are more consistent than those of FY‐4A/GIIRS with smaller root‐mean‐square errors (RMSEs), which also indicates a better observation quality in the cloudy area.
Structure‐Based Drug Design: Identification of Glucokinase Activators from Natural Compounds for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Malini Manokaran , Thilagavathi Ramasamy , Kumar Singh Sanjeev , Pravin Arun , Selvam Chelliah 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGlucokinase Activators (GKA) are novel small molecules that target GK and reduce plasma blood glucose by binding GK allosterically. It is considered as a potential therapeutic target to treat T2D. So, in an effort to identify compounds to treat T2D efficiently, a structure‐based virtual screening was performed on compounds from Universal Natural Product Database (UNPD) using FRED. Among 229358 compounds from UNPD, four compounds were identified as potential small molecules. The hit compounds UNPD 1354, UNPD 85595, UNPD 6604, and UNPD 88147 are found to interact strongly with active site residues ARG 63, VAL62, VAL452, TYR215, VAL 455, MET210, MET235, and TYR214. In addition, ADME predictions show that the compounds satisfy drug‐likeness criteria. Finally, the molecular dynamics simulation was carried out for 50 ns using the GROMACS 2020 package, the results confirm the stability of the enzyme‐HIT throughout the simulation time. Thus, this study may provide valuable insights into identifying novel small molecules as GKAs.
Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras (PROTACs) Based on Imatinib Induced Degradation of BCR‐ABL in K562 Cells
Authors: Li Chuang , Zhang Peng , Chang Gaojie , Pan Mingyue , Lu Fengke , Huang Jiahao , Wang Yanzhi , Zhao Qingyan , Sun Bingxia , Cui Yuting , Sang Feng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology is widely explored in cancer research and utilized in the treatment of various tumors and malignancies. In the design and optimization of PROTAC, linker is not only critical to the degradation activity of PROTACs, but also greatly affects the membrane permeability, metabolic stability and drug availability. In this study, fifteen new PROTACs based on Imatinib were designed, synthesized, and assessed for their anticancer activity against K562 cells. The CCK‐8 assay results showed that a new PROTAC with a 2‐oxoethyl linker (PROTAC 1) exhibited significant antiproliferative activity against K562 (IC50=0.62±0.02 μM) cells. Western blot analysis showed that PROTAC 1 regulated the protein levels of BCR‐ABL in a dose‐dependent manner and induced degradation of BCR‐ABL in a ubiquitin‐proteasome‐dependent manner in K562 cells. This study provides further evidence for the importance of linker selection in PROTAC design.
A Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Based on Fe3O4@Au Nanoparticles for Detection of Aflatoxin B1 in Food Samples
Authors: Pezeshkpur Maryam , Tadayon Fariba , Sohrabi Mahmoud Reza 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBased on molecular imprinting and nanotechnology, a molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) coupled with Fe3O4−Au nanocomposite adsorbent has been successfully developed for rapid quantification of aflatoxin B1 in foodstuff. The characterization of the prepared Fe3O4−Au and Fe3O4−Au‐MIP was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were estimated to be 6.12 and 18.6 μg L−1, respectively. The adsorption capacity was 8.975 mg g−1 which revealed that the synthesized magnetic MIP (MMIP) presented high selective recognition property to AFB1. The selectivity adsorption experiments indicated that compared with three different competetive Aflatoxins, MMIP showed excellent affinity to AFB1. It was found that the adsorption capacity of MMIP for AFB1 remained essentially the same after 6 adsorption‐desorption cycle which shows the acceptable repeatability and reusability of the MMIP. The proposed method was successfully applied to the estimation of AFB1 in non‐alcoholic beer and barley samples with good recoveries (94.47–97.31 %). Also, the relative standard deviation (RSD %) values were lower than 3.7 %. The selectivity, stability and reproducibility of the proposed method were acceptable. The results revealed that Fe3O4−Au@MIP could be used as an efficient and reusable adsorbent for AFB1 in food samples. This study provides a simple, inexpensive, fast, accurate and environmentally‐friendly technique instead of expensive and time‐consuming procedures for determining AFB1 in food matrices.
Potassium t‐Butoxide‐Promoted Metal‐Free Synthesis of Pyrazino[1,2‐a]indoles via Direct Amidation and Intramolecular Hydroamination Reaction
Authors: Yazzaf Rozita , Adib Mehdi , Mahdavi Mohammad 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA library of pyrazino[1,2‐a]indoles has been synthesized via direct amidation and alkyne hydroamination reactions of the molecule produced by indole‐2‐carboxylic acid and propargyl bromide. The noteworthy features of the present strategy are short reaction time, excellent yields and a broad substrate scope. This cascade reaction also occurred under transition metal‐free and ambient conditions as well as operational simplicity.
Ratiometric Nanothermometer Based on a Radical Excimer for In Vivo Sensing
Authors: Blasi Davide , Gonzalez‐Pato Nerea , Rodriguez Rodriguez Xavier , Diez‐Zabala Iñigo , Srinivasan Sumithra Yasaswini , Camarero Núria , Esquivias Oriol , Roldán Mònica , Guasch Judith , Laromaine Anna , Gorostiza Pau , Veciana Jaume , Ratera Imma 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRatiometric fluorescent nanothermometers with near‐infrared emission play an important role in in vivo sensing since they can be used as intracellular thermal sensing probes with high spatial resolution and high sensitivity, to investigate cellular functions of interest in diagnosis and therapy, where current approaches are not effective. Herein, the temperature‐dependent fluorescence of organic nanoparticles is designed, synthesized, and studied based on the dual emission, generated by monomer and excimer species, of the tris(2,4,6‐trichlorophenyl)methyl radical (TTM) doping organic nanoparticles (TTMd‐ONPs), made of optically neutral tris(2,4,6‐trichlorophenyl)methane (TTM‐αH), acting as a matrix. The excimer emission intensity of TTMd‐ONPs decreases with increasing temperatures whereas the monomer emission is almost independent and can be used as an internal reference. TTMd‐ONPs show a great temperature sensitivity (3.4% K−1 at 328 K) and a wide temperature response at ambient conditions with excellent reversibility and high colloidal stability. In addition, TTMd‐ONPs are not cytotoxic and their ratiometric outputs are unaffected by changes in the environment. Individual TTMd‐ONPs are able to sense temperature changes at the nano‐microscale. In vivo thermometry experiments in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) worms show that TTMd‐ONPs can locally monitor internal body temperature changes with spatio‐temporal resolution and high sensitivity, offering multiple applications in the biological nanothermometry field.
Laser CVD Growth of Uniquely <010>‐oriented β‐Ga2O3 Films on Quartz Substrate with Ultrafast Photoelectric Response
Authors: Tu Rong , Li Xinyu , Xu Qingfang , Gao Tenghua , Zhang Xian , Li Bao‐Wen , Zhang Song , Goto Takashi , Zhang Lianmeng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe oriented growth of β‐Ga2O3 films has triggered extensive interest due to the remarkable and complex anisotropy found in the β‐Ga2O3 bulks. Remarkable properties, including stronger solar‐blind ultraviolet (SBUV) absorption, better mobility, and higher thermal conductivity, are usually observed along <010> direction as compared to other low‐index axes. So far, <010>‐oriented β‐Ga2O3 film growth has been hindered by the lack of suitable substrates and higher surface energy of the (010) crystal plane. Herein, the first growth of uniquely <010>‐oriented β‐Ga2O3 films on quartz substrates by laser chemical vapor deposition (LCVD) are reported. By investigating the effects of deposition temperature (Tdep) and O2 flow rate (RO2) on the growth of β‐Ga2O3 films, it is found that the formation of <010> orientation is closely related to the higher stability of oxygen close‐packed planes under O‐rich condition. As a result, a grain size of up to ≈2 µm and a deposition rate of up to ≈ 40 µm h−1 are obtained. Metal‐semiconductor‐metal (MSM) type detector based on <010>‐oriented β‐Ga2O3 film exhibits ultra‐fast response speed, 1–2 orders of magnitude higher than those of most detectors based on β‐Ga2O3 films with other orientations.
Nanodrug Inducing Autophagy Inhibition and Mitochondria Dysfunction for Potentiating Tumor Photo‐Immunotherapy
Authors: Xiao Hong , Li Xiaoxia , Li Bo , Yang Shuguang , Qin Jingya , Han Shisong , Ren Jie , Shuai Xintao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAnticancer immunotherapy is hampered by the poor tumor immunogenicity and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Herein, a liposome nanodrug co‐encapsulating doxycycline hydrochloride (Doxy) and chlorin e6 (Ce6) to simultaneously induce autophagy inhibition and mitochondria dysfunction for potentiating tumor photo‐immunotherapy is developed. Under near infrared laser irradiation, Ce6 generates cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) and elicits robust photodynamic therapy (PDT)‐induced immunogenic cell death (ICD) for immunosuppressive TME remodeling. In addition, Doxy induced mitochondria dysfunction, which increases ROS generation and enhances PDT to exert more potent killing effect and more powerful ICD. Meanwhile, Doxy increases MHC‐I expression on tumor cells surface by efficient autophagy inhibition, leading to more efficient antigen presentation and CTLs recognition to increase tumor immunogenicity. The nanodrugs elicit remarkable antitumor therapy by combining Ce6‐mediated PDT and Doxy‐induced autophagy inhibition and mitochondria dysfunction. The developed nanodrugs represent a highly efficient strategy for improving cancer immunotherapy.
Lead‐Free, Luminescent Perovskite Nanocrystals Obtained through Ambient Condition Synthesis
Authors: Treber Fiona , Frank Kilian , Nickel Bert , Lampe Carola , Urban Alexander S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHeterovalently substituting toxic lead is an increasingly popular design strategy to obtain environmentally sustainable variants of the exciting material class of halide perovskites. Perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) obtained through solution‐based methods exhibit exceedingly high optical quality. Unfortunately, most of these synthesis routes still require reaction under inert gas and at very high temperatures. Herein a novel synthesis routine for lead‐free double perovskite (LFDP) NCs is presented. An approach based upon the hot injection and ligand‐assisted reprecipitation (LARP) methods to achieve a low‐temperature and ambient atmosphere‐based synthesis for manganese‐doped Cs2NaBiCl6 NCs is presented. Mn incorporation is critical for the otherwise non‐emissive material, with a 9:1 Bi:Mn precursor ratio maximizing the bright orange photoluminescence (PL) and quantum yield (QY). Higher synthesis temperatures slightly increase the material's performance, yet NCs synthesized at room temperature are still emissive, highlighting the versatility of the synthetic approach. While the material's indirect bandgap limits its appeal for optoelectronics, this feature could benefit photocatalysis due to longer carrier lifetimes. Moreover, the developed synthesis is facile and can rapidly be adapted to other more viable material compositions and up‐scaled to realize applications directly.
Construction of Synchronous‐Deposition K Metal Anodes Via Modulation of Ion/Electron Transport Kinetics for High‐Rate and Low‐Temperature K Metal Batteries
Authors: Jiang Jinlong , Liu Yiqian , Liao Yalan , Li Wenrong , Xu Yi , Liu Xiaoyu , Jiang Yong , Zhang Jiujun , Zhao Bing 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe construction of conductive scaffolds is demonstrated to be an ideal strategy to alleviate the volume expansion and dendrite growth of K metal anodes. Nevertheless, the heterogeneous top–bottom deposition behavior caused by incompatible electronic/ionic conductivity of three‐dimensional (3D) skeleton severely hinders its application. Here, a K2Se/Cu conducting layer is fabricated on the Cu foam so as to enhance ionic transport and weaken electronic conductivity of the skeleton. Then, an excellent simultaneous deposition behavior of K metal inside the host is obtained for the first time via tuning fast ionic transport and low electronic conductivity. The simultaneous deposition mode can not only utilize the entire 3D structure to accommodate the volume expansion during K deposition but also avoid the formation of K dendrites at high current and ultra‐low temperature. Consequently, the symmetric cells present a long cycle lifespan over 1000 h with a low deposition overpotential of 80 mV at 1 mA cm−2. Furthermore, the full cell matching with the perylene‐tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) cathode presents an outstanding cycle lifespan over 600 cycles at 5 C at ‐20°C. The proposed simultaneous deposition strategy provides a new design direction for the construction of dendrite‐free K metal anodes.
Titanium Nitride Nanorods Array‐Decorated Graphite Felt as Highly Efficient Negative Electrode for Iron–Chromium Redox Flow Battery
Authors: Liu Yiyang , Xu Jiao , Lu Shanfu , Xiang Yan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIron‐chromium redox flow batteries have attracted widespread attention because of their low cost. However, the performance of these batteries is still lower than that of vanadium redox flow batteries due to the poor electrochemical activity of Cr3+/Cr2+ redox couples on graphite felt electrodes. Herein, binder‐free TiN nanorods array—decorated 3D graphite felt composite electrode—is demonstrated. The dendrite‐like TiN nanorods array increases the specific surface area of the electrode. The nitrogen and oxygen elements on the surface provide more adsorption sites and electrochemically active sites for Cr3+/Cr2+. The contact resistance of the composite electrode is effectively reduced and its homogeneity and stability are improved by avoiding the use of a binder and mixing process. A battery prepared using the TiN nanorods array‐decorated 3D graphite felt electrode has enabled the maximum power density to be 427 mW·cm‐2, which is 74.0% higher than a battery assembled with TiN nanoparticles bonded to graphite felt. At a current density of 80 mA·cm‐2, the TiN nanorods battery exhibits the highest coulombic efficiency of 93.0%, voltage efficiency of 90.4%, and energy efficiency of 84.1%. Moreover, the battery efficiency and composite electrode structure remains stable during a redox flow battery cycle test.
Spin‐Lattice Coupled Metamagnetism in Frustrated van der Waals Magnet CrOCl
Authors: Zhang Minjie , Hu Qifeng , Huang Yuqiang , Hua Chenqiang , Cheng Man , Liu Zhou , Song Shijie , Wang Fanggui , Lu Hengzhe , He Pimo , Cao Guang‐Han , Xu Zhu‐An , Lu Yunhao , Yang Jinbo , Zheng Yi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe long‐range magnetic ordering in frustrated magnetic systems is stabilized by coupling magnetic moments to various degrees of freedom, for example, by enhancing magnetic anisotropy via lattice distortion. Here, the unconventional spin‐lattice coupled metamagnetic properties of atomically‐thin CrOCl, a van der Waals antiferromagnet with inherent magnetic frustration rooted in the staggered square lattice, are reported. Using temperature‐ and angle‐dependent tunneling magnetoconductance (TMC), in complementary with magnetic torque and first‐principles calculations, the antiferromagnetic (AFM)‐to‐ferrimagnetic (FiM) metamagnetic transitions (MTs) of few‐layer CrOCl are revealed to be triggered by collective magnetic moment flipping rather than the established spin‐flop mechanism, when external magnetic field (H) enforces a lattice reconstruction interlocked with the five‐fold periodicity of the FiM phase. The spin‐lattice coupled MTs are manifested by drastic jumps in TMC, which show anomalous upshifts at the transition thresholds and persist much higher above the AFM Néel temperature. While the MTs exhibit distinctive triaxial anisotropy, reflecting divergent magnetocrystalline anisotropy of thec‐axis AFM ground state, the resulting FiM phase has ana‐ceasy plane in which the magnetization axis is freely rotated byH. At the 2D limit, such a field‐tunable FiM phase may provide unique opportunities to explore exotic emergent phenomena and novel spintronics devices.
Custom‐Made Piezoelectric Solid Solution Material for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Lv Shanrong , Qiu Zhili , Yu Dehong , Wu Xiunan , Yan Xiang , Ren Yiping , Huang Yuqi , Jiang Guan , Gao Fenglei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPiezoelectric material‐mediated sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has received considerable research interest in cancer therapy. However, the simple applications of conventional piezoelectric materials do not realize the full potential of piezoelectric materials in medicine. Therefore, the energy band structure of a piezoelectric material is modulated in this study to meet the actual requirement for cancer treatment. Herein, an elaborate PEGylated piezoelectric solid solution 0.7BiFeO3‐0.3BaTiO3 nanoparticles (P‐BF‐BT NPs) is synthesized, and the resultant particles achieve excellent piezoelectric properties and their band structure is tuned via band engineering. The tuned band structure of P‐BF‐BT NPs is energetically favorable for the synchronous production of superoxide radicals (•O2−) and oxygen (O2) self‐supply via water splitting by the piezoelectric effect. Besides, the P‐BF‐BT NPs can initiate the Fenton reaction to generate hydroxyl radical (•OH), and thus, chemodynamic therapy (CDT) can be augmented by ultrasound. Detailed in vitro and in vivo research has verified the promising effects of multimodal imaging‐guided P‐BF‐BT NP‐mediated synergistic SDT/CDT by the piezo‐Fenton process in hypoxic tumor elimination, accompanied by high therapeutic biosafety. The current demonstrates a novel strategy for designing and synthesizing “custom‐made” piezoelectric materials for cancer therapy in the future.
Photosynthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide Based on g‑C3N4: The Road of a Cost‐Effective Clean Fuel Production
Authors: Xie Linxuan , Wang Xinyu , Zhang Zeyuan , Ma Yiyue , Du Ting , Wang Rong , Wang Jianlong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEmerging artificial photosynthesis promises to offer a competitive means for solar energy conversion and further solves the energy crisis facing the world. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which is considered as a benign oxidant and a prospective liquid fuel, has received worldwide attention in the field of artificial photosynthesis on account of the source materials are just oxygen, water, and sunlight. Graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4)‐based photocatalysts for H2O2 generation have attracted extensive research interest due to the intrinsic properties of g‐C3N4. In this review, research processes for H2O2 generation on the basis of g‐C3N4, including development, fabrication, merits, and disadvantages, and the state‐of‐the‐art methods to enhance the performance are summarized after a brief introduction and the mechanism analysis of an efficient catalytic system. Also, recent applications of g‐C3N4‐based photocatalysts for H2O2 production are reviewed, and the significance of active sites and synthetic pathways are highlighted from the view of reducing barriers. Finally, this paper ends with some concluding remarks to reveal the issues and opportunities of g‐C3N4‐based photocatalysts for producing H2O2 in a high yield.
Constructing exception handling chains for testing Java virtual machine implementations
Authors: Chen Bochuan , Guo Xiao , Chen Yuting , Yu Xiaofeng , Bu Lei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe Java virtual machine (JVM) is the cornerstone of the Java platforms. A JVM's exception handling implementation interrupts, when the objective application encounters an exception (or an error), the normal execution of the application and performs specific handling tasks. However, little research has been done in systematically validating JVMs' exception handling implementations—test programs or even applications need to be carefully designed for throwing/catching exceptions at runtime; a JVM's exception handling implementation is also complicated, making it challenging to design tests for testing all of its functionalities. Inspired by the recent success of fuzz testing of compilers and JVM implementations, we introduce EHCBuilder, the first technique for fuzzing JVMs' exception handling implementations. The key idea is to construct exception handling chains, each of which abstracts a program's execution into a sequence of exception throwings, catchings, and/or handlings. A classfile seed can then be mutated into test programs with diverse exception handling chains, enabling (1) exceptions to be continuously thrown and caught at runtime, and (2) JVMs' exception handling implementations to be much more thoroughly tested. We have implemented EHCBuilder and evaluated EHCBuilder on popular JVM implementations including OpenJDK's HotSpot, Eclipse's OpenJ9, Azul's Zulu, and Oracle's GraalVM. Our results show that EHCBuilder can generate programs with very intricate exception handling chains and reveal differences among JVMs' exception handling implementations: Up to thousands of lines of source code in HotSpot's exception handling implementation are covered more than the original benchmarks; during 39 K iterations, EHCBuilder generates exception handling chains of different lengths, revealing 258 runtime differences. We classify the differences into four categories, and reveal a fast throw issue confirmed by HotSpot developers and another initCause issue confirmed by the OpenJ9 community.