bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Motor imagery classification using sparse representations: an exploratory study
Authors: de Menezes José Antonio Alves , Gomes Juliana Carneiro , de Carvalho Hazin Vitor , Dantas Júlio César Sousa , Rodrigues Marcelo Cairrão Araújo , dos Santos Wellington Pinheiro 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe non-stationary nature of the EEG signal poses challenges for the classification of motor imagery. sparse representation classification (SRC) appears as an alternative for classification of untrained conditions and, therefore, useful in motor imagery. Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) deals with signals of this nature and appears at the rear of the classification, supporting the generation of features. In this work we evaluate the combination of these methods in a multiclass classification problem, comparing them with a conventional method in order to determine if their performance is regular. For comparison with SRC we use multilayer perceptron (MLP). We also evaluated a hybrid approach for classification of sparse representations with MLP (RSMLP). For comparison with EMD we used filtering by frequency bands. Feature selection methods were used to select the most significant ones, specifically Random Forest and Particle Swarm Optimization. Finally, we used data augmentation to get a more voluminous base. Regarding the first dataset, we observed that the classifiers that use sparse representation have results equivalent to each other, but they outperform the conventional MLP model. SRC and SRMLP achieve an average accuracy of$$75.95\%$$75.95%and$$82.51\%$$82.51%respectively while the MLP is$$72.38\%$$72.38%, representing a gain between$$4.93\%$$4.93%and$$14\%$$14%. The use of EMD in relation to other feature processing techniques is not superior. However, EMD does not influence negatively, there is an opportunity for improvement. Finally, the use of data augmentation proved to be important to obtain relevant results. In the second dataset, we did not observe the same results. Models based on sparse representation (SRC, SRMLP, etc.) have on average a performance close to other conventional models, but without surpassing them. The best sparse models achieve an average accuracy of$$95.43\%$$95.43%among the subjects in the base, while other model reach$$98.33\%$$98.33%. The improvement of self-adaptive mechanisms that respond efficiently to the user’s context is a good way to achieve improvements in motor imagery applications. However, other scenarios should be investigated, since the advantage of these methods was not proven in all datasets studied. There is still room for improvement, such as optimizing the dictionary of sparse representation in the context of motor imagery. Investing efforts in synthetically increasing the training base has also proved important to reduce the costs of this group of applications.
Analysis of the static and dynamic characteristics of the electro-hydraulic pressure servo valve of robot
Authors: Zhang Jianrui , Pan Xiaonan , Guo Jinchang , Bian Jianxiao , Kang Jian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this study, we comprehensively investigate the structure and operational principles of the Rotary Direct Drive Electro-Hydraulic Pressure Servo Valve (RDDPV). Our objective is to establish the dynamics equations governing the motor, slide valve, and bias mechanism of the valve. Additionally, we construct a mathematical model for the servo valve controller, while ensuring the linearization of the controller model. Furthermore, we conduct an in-depth analysis of the static characteristics of the valve, including linearity, dead zone, hysteresis loop, and zero drift. Regarding the dynamic characteristics, we establish a dynamic mathematical model for the RDDPV valve. Subsequently, we subject the servo valve to analysis with a focus on frequency response and dynamic response, using the control current as the input and the pressure as the output. To perform these analyses, we employ the software package SIMULINK of MATLAB, facilitating dynamic simulations. Remarkably, the simulation results exhibit the valve's conformity to design requirements, underscoring its suitability for subsequent research and development endeavors. Through our rigorous investigation, we offer essential technical support for the forthcoming stages of the valve's research and development, thereby laying a robust foundation for its further advancement.
Optimization pilot scale study on ammonia nitrogen removal by bio filter
Authors: Meng Junlong , Shen Songtao , Zhou Chuanhui , Zhang Tuodi , Xu Yingyi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn order to obtain the optimal conditions for ammonia nitrogen (AN) wastewater treatment by bio filter (BF), the effects of ratio of carbon to nitrogen (C/N), pH, and hydraulic load (HL) on the AN degradation were studied by Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Central Composite Design (CCD) experiments were conducted, and the response of the AN removal rates were fitted to a second-order polynomial model. The analysis of variance showed that the model was accurate and reliable. Through model fitting, the optimal condition for AN removal was: C/N of 18.95, pH of 7.78, and HL of 1.04 d−1. The maximum AN removal rate predicted by the model was 91.90%, accorded with the experimental verification value of 91.37% under the optimal condition. The research provided valuable demonstration for optimizing process parameters on AN removal in BF.
Preoperative identification of low-risk medullary thyroid carcinoma: potential application to reduce total thyroidectomy
Authors: Park Hyunju , Ryu Hyun Jin , Heo Jung , Chung Man Ki , Son Young Ik , Kim Jung-Han , Hahn Soo Yeon , Shin Jung Hee , Oh Young Lyun , Kim Sun Wook , Chung Jae Hoon , Kim Jee Soo , Kim Tae Hyuk 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCurrent guidelines recommend total thyroidectomy with central lymph node dissection (CND) for patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). This study aimed to identify low-risk MTC patients who may be candidates for lobectomy. We retrospectively reviewed MTC patients who underwent primary surgery at a tertiary referral center from 1998 to 2019. Eighty-five MTC patients were enrolled, excluding patients with primary tumor size > 2.0 cm. Among them, one (1.2%) patient had bilateral tumors. During a median follow-up of 84 months, 12 of the 85 patients experienced structural recurrence. 13 patients had occult lymph node metastasis, and structural recurrence occurred in 2 patients. Factors that significantly affected disease-free survival were clinical N stage (cN0 vs. cN1, log-rank P < 0.001), pathological N stage (pN0 vs. pN1, P < 0.001), and preoperative calcitonin levels (≤ 250 vs. > 250 pg/mL, P = 0.017). After categorizing patients into four groups, patients with preoperative calcitonin levels > 250 pg/mL and cN1 or pN1 had a significantly worse prognosis. Patients with a primary tumor size of 2 cm or less, cN0, and preoperative calcitonin of 250 pg/mL or less can be classified as low-risk MTC patients. We used preoperative clinical information to identify low-risk MTC patients. Lobectomy with prophylactic CND may be a potential therapeutic approach.
Optimizing effector functions of monoclonal antibodies via tailored N-glycan engineering using a dual landing pad CHO targeted integration platform
Authors: Nguyen Ngan T. B. , Leung Hau Wan , Pang Kuin Tian , Tay Shi Jie , Walsh Ian , Choo Andre B. H. , Yang Yuansheng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMonoclonal antibodies (mAbs) eliminate cancer cells via various effector mechanisms including antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), which are influenced by the N-glycan structures on the Fc region of mAbs. Manipulating these glycan structures on mAbs allows for optimization of therapeutic benefits associated with effector functions. Traditional approaches such as gene deletion or overexpression often lead to only all-or-nothing changes in gene expression and fail to modulate the expression of multiple genes at defined ratios and levels. In this work, we have developed a CHO cell engineering platform enabling modulation of multiple gene expression to tailor the N-glycan profiles of mAbs for enhanced effector functions. Our platform involves a CHO targeted integration platform with two independent landing pads, allowing expression of multiple genes at two pre-determined genomic sites. By combining with internal ribosome entry site (IRES)-based polycistronic vectors, we simultaneously modulated the expression of α-mannosidase II (MANII) and chimeric β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyl-transferase III (cGNTIII) genes in CHO cells. This strategy enabled the production of mAbs carrying N-glycans with various levels of bisecting and non-fucosylated structures. Importantly, these engineered mAbs exhibited different degrees of effector cell activation and CDC, facilitating the identification of mAbs with optimal effector functions. This platform was demonstrated as a powerful tool for producing antibody therapeutics with tailored effector functions via precise engineering of N-glycan profiles. It holds promise for advancing the field of metabolic engineering in mammalian cells.
Inferring China’s excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic using online mourning and funeral search volume
Authors: Huang Li , Li Oliver Zhen , Yin Ximing 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe construct a mourning and funeral index, using online search volume for “wreath and elegiac couplet”, “obituary”, “mortuary house”, “cinerary casket”, “cremation” and “pass away”, to infer excess cases of mortality in China during the COVID-19 pandemic. During the 3-month period (December 2022–February 2023) after China ended its Zero-COVID policy, there were around 712 thousand excess cases of mortality. These excess cases of mortality, bench marked against the 2-year period preceding the pandemic, could be directly or indirectly related to COVID-19. During the 35-month Zero-COVID regime (January 2020–November 2022), the excess death toll was a negative 1480 thousand. Overall, by delaying the surge in infections, China might have saved 767 thousand lives. While these estimates are based on various assumptions and can be imprecise, China’s COVID-19 experience could reasonably be characterized by a sharp surge in deaths after its departure from Zero-COVID and a steady pattern of lives saved during the Zero-COVID regime.
Sequential genomic analysis using a multisample/multiplatform approach to better define rhabdomyosarcoma progression and relapse
Authors: de Traux de Wardin Henry , Dermawan Josephine K. , Merlin Marie-Sophie , Wexler Leonard H. , Orbach Daniel , Vanoli Fabio , Schleiermacher Gudrun , Geoerger Birgit , Ballet Stelly , Guillemot Delphine , Frouin Eléonore , Cyrille Stacy , Delattre Olivier , Pierron Gaelle , Antonescu Cristina R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe genomic spectrum of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) progression from primary to relapse is not fully understood. In this pilot study, we explore the sensitivity of various targeted and whole-genome NGS platforms in order to assess the best genomic approach of using liquid biopsy in future prospective clinical trials. Moreover, we investigate 35 paired primary/relapsed RMS from two contributing institutions, 18 fusion-positive (FP-RMS) and 17 fusion-negative RMS (FN-RMS) by either targeted DNA or whole exome sequencing (WES). In 10 cases, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) from multiple timepoints through clinical care and progression was analyzed for feasibility of liquid biopsy in monitoring treatment response/relapse. ctDNA alterations were evaluated using a targeted 36-gene custom RMS panel at high coverage for single-nucleotide variation and fusion detection, and a shallow whole-genome sequencing for copy number variation. FP-RMS have a stable genome with relapse, with common secondary alterations CDKN2A/B, MYCN, and CDK4 present at diagnosis and impacting survival. FP-RMS lacking major secondary events at baseline acquire recurrent MYCN and AKT1 alterations. FN-RMS acquire a higher number of new alterations, most commonly SMARCA2 missense mutations. ctDNA analyses detect pathognomonic variants in all RMS patients within our collection at diagnosis, regardless of type of alterations, and confirmed at relapse in 86% of FP-RMS and 100% FN-RMS. Moreover, a higher number of fusion reads is detected with increased disease burden and at relapse in patients following a fatal outcome. These results underscore patterns of tumor progression and provide rationale for using liquid biopsy to monitor treatment response.
Epidemic dynamics with non-Markovian travel in multilayer networks
Authors: Chen Yushu , Liu Ying , Tang Ming , Lai Ying-Cheng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn our modern time, travel has become one of the most significant factors contributing to global epidemic spreading. A deficiency in the literature is that travel has largely been treated as a Markovian process: it occurs instantaneously without any memory effect. To provide informed policies such as determining the mandatory quarantine time, the non-Markovian nature of real-world traveling must be taken into account. We address this fundamental problem by constructing a network model in which travel takes a finite time and infections can occur during the travel. We find that the epidemic threshold can be maximized by a proper level of travel, implying that travel infections do not necessarily promote spreading. More importantly, the epidemic threshold can exhibit a two-threshold phenomenon in that it can increase abruptly and significantly as the travel time exceeds a critical value. This may provide a quantitative estimation of the minimally required quarantine time in a pandemic.
Nonlocal bonding of a soliton and a blue-detuned state in a microcomb laser
Authors: Cutrona Antonio , Cecconi Vittorio , Hanzard Pierre H. , Rowley Maxwell , Das Debayan , Cooper Andrew , Peters Luke , Olivieri Luana , Wetzel Benjamin , Morandotti Roberto , Chu Sai T. , Little Brent E. , Moss David J. , Totero Gongora Juan S. , Peccianti Marco , Pasquazi Alessia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLaser cavity-solitons can appear in a microresonator-filtered laser when judiciously balancing the slow nonlinearities of the system. Under certain conditions, such optical states can be made to self-emerge and recover spontaneously, and the understanding of their robustness is critical for practical applications. Here, we study the formation of a bonded state comprising a soliton and a blue-detuned continuous wave, whose coexistence is mediated by dispersion in the nonlinear refractive index. Our real-time dispersive Fourier transform measurements, supported by comprehensive theoretical analysis, reveal the presence of an elastic bonding between the two states, resulting in an enhancement of the soliton’s robustness.
From attribution maps to human-understandable explanations through Concept Relevance Propagation
Authors: Achtibat Reduan , Dreyer Maximilian , Eisenbraun Ilona , Bosse Sebastian , Wiegand Thomas , Samek Wojciech , Lapuschkin Sebastian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe field of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) aims to bring transparency to today’s powerful but opaque deep learning models. While local XAI methods explain individual predictions in the form of attribution maps, thereby identifying ‘where’ important features occur (but not providing information about ‘what’ they represent), global explanation techniques visualize what concepts a model has generally learned to encode. Both types of method thus provide only partial insights and leave the burden of interpreting the model’s reasoning to the user. Here we introduce the Concept Relevance Propagation (CRP) approach, which combines the local and global perspectives and thus allows answering both the ‘where’ and ‘what’ questions for individual predictions. We demonstrate the capability of our method in various settings, showcasing that CRP leads to more human interpretable explanations and provides deep insights into the model’s representation and reasoning through concept atlases, concept-composition analyses, and quantitative investigations of concept subspaces and their role in fine-grained decision-making.
Intaglio Surface Adaptation of Removable Partial Denture Framework Fabricated by Various Data Acquisition Techniques and Fabrication Approaches
Authors: Limpiwatana Seehachart , Nagaviroj Noppavan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to compare intaglio surface adaptation of the removable partial denture framework among various data acquisition techniques and fabrication approaches using three-dimensional comparison by metrology software.
Materials and Methods The partial edentulous typodont model with five digital superimposition landmarks was duplicated and scanned for the digital reference model. Three approaches were the conventional lost-wax (group I; LWT, n = 5), intraoral digital impressions combined with PolyJet printing and lost-wax (group II; IP-LWT, n = 5), and extraoral digital impressions combined with PolyJet printing and lost-wax (group III; EP-LWT, n = 5). Each framework was scanned and superimposed with the reference model. The misfits at 53 locations were measured.
Statistical Analysis Data were statistically analyzed by one-way analysis of variance, followed by Tukey's honestly significant difference for pairwise comparisons (p < 0.05).
Results Significant differences were found between three approaches at the reciprocal arm, terminal part of the retentive arm, rest, and major connector (p < 0.05). In the LWT group, the reciprocal arm and palatal vault region of major connector had the lowest misfits, but the highest misfit was found in the midline region (p < 0.001). In the IP-LWT group revealed the most excessive contact at the terminal part of the retentive arm (-0.111 ± 0.038 mm, p = 0.031), with the highest misfit at the rest area (p < 0.001).
Conclusion A difference in adaptation was found in several removable partial denture framework components among three approaches. The LWT group had a better adaptation than other groups. Nevertheless, a clinically acceptable adaptation was seen in all three approaches.
The Effect of Denatured Albumin with Concentrated Growth Factors in Minimally Invasive Sinus Piezosurgery: Preliminary Pilot Study Results
Authors: Ntontoulos Vasileios , Dabarakis Nikolaos 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA new protocol with albumin-concentrated growth factor (CGF) is investigated through Piezosurgery as a minimally invasive alternative to sinus-floor-augmentation that is associated with high morbidity and high incidence of sinusitis. The clinical sample consists of five patients (three men and two women) with an average age of 53.75 ± 3.59 years and a mean height of 3.7 ± 1.22 mm of residual bone. The Piezo-Alb-CGF protocol consists of a minimally invasive transcrestal approach with or without flap, piezosurgery preparation, applying the Schneiderian membrane's hydrodynamic detachment-elevation, injecting albumin-CGF into the sinus, optional bone grafting and implantation, and evaluation for 2 to 6 months postoperatively. Eight implants were placed without complications. After 4 to 6 months, cone-beam computed tomography and panoramic radiographs showed total osseointegration and the formation of new bone. In addition, a year of clinical follow-up was performed. There was a positive correlation between implant stability quotient values at all protocol stages. The significance level was 5%. Albumin-CGF regenerative protocol promotes new bone formation, reduces postoperative morbidity, and shortens healing time. It also offers a uniform and safe hydraulic membrane lift and bicortical implant fixation, even in cases with a residual bone height below 6 mm.
Engaging parents to reduce youth violence: evidence from a youth justice board pathfinder programme
Authors: Caulfield Laura , Brooks-Wilson Sarah , Booth Jane , Monaghan Mark 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe Youth Justice Board’s 2019–2022 strategic plan set youth violence as a priority. As part of this, a ‘pathfinder’ approach was launched to assist local authorities and their partners to devise, develop, and disseminate whole systems approaches to serious youth violence (Youth Justice Board in Pathfinder—YJB, https://yjresourcehub.uk/working-with-partners/item/651-pathfinder-yjb.html Youth Justice Board Annual Report and Accounts 2020/21, 2020). In partnership with a regional Violence Reduction Unit, seven local Youth Offending Teams worked together with a programme that facilitated peer support networks for parents of children known to the youth justice system. The programme presented a challenge to a view in statutory youth justice of parents as part of the problem (Burney and Gelsthorpe in Howard J Crimin Justice 47(5):470–485, 2008). The aim of the programme was to engage parents of young people involved in the youth justice system, facilitating peer to peer support through a blend of online and face-to-face meetings. Taking a mixed-method approach, the research sought to investigate the impact of the programme on participants’ well-being and perceived competence with parenting. A secondary aim was to explore experiences of the self-care and peer support activities offered by the programme. The quantitative findings showed statistically significant increases in parents’ self-reported well-being and perceived competence with parenting during engagement with the programme. Effect sizes reached the minimum important difference for all of the quantitative measures, with a large effect for well-being. The qualitative findings highlighted that the self-care focus was important in engaging parents and helps distinguish the programme from statutory services. The findings are combined in the paper to produce a potential model of peer support for parents of children known to the youth justice system. Future research should investigate the impact on the children of parents who took part in this programme with a specific focus on youth violence.
How to distribute the European regional development funds through a combination of egalitarian allocations: the constrained equal losses min
Authors: Giménez-Gómez José-Manuel , Salekpay Foroogh , Vilella Cori 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAs Solís-Baltodano et al. (2021) figure out, almost a third of the total European Union budget was set aside for the Cohesion Policy during the 2014–2020 period. The distribution of this budget is made through three main structural and investment funds, trying to promote convergence in the level of development of EU countries. Specifically, the current approach, by analysing this situation as a claims problem (O’Neill, 1982), finds the claims solution that performs better than the others by reducing inequality and promoting convergence to a greater degree (the Constrained Equal Losses rule). Nonetheless, when using this egalitarian division of losses, regions may not receive any funds. This paper defines a new way to distribute the limited resources of the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). It proposes a compromise between the egalitarian approaches, i.e., a combination of the egalitarian division of the funds with an egalitarian division of the losses (what regions do not get). In doing so, the proposal applies the constrained equal losses solution while ensuring a minimum amount is allocated to each region (sustainable bound). Finally, the new solution is axiomatically analysed, and it is applied to the ERDF problem.