bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nurse-Led Telerehabilitation Intervention to Improve Stroke Efficacy: Protocol for a pilot randomized feasibility trial
Authors: Osei Stephanopoulos Kofi Junior , – Bempah Emanuella Adomako , Yeboah Adelaide Appiah , Owiredu Lawrence Akuamoah , Ohene Lillian Akorfa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of stroke continues to rise in low-middle income countries. The continual rise in stroke cases and increasing prevalence on post-acute needs represent a crucial call for increased accessibility and utilization of rehabilitation services.AimThe primary objective of the study is to test the feasibility (recruitment, retention rates, cost and participant satisfaction) of a nurse-led telerehabilitation intervention in improving self-efficacy among stroke survivors. The findings of the trial are intended for use in a future larger study.MethodsParticipants would be recruited at the University of Ghana Hospital and randomized into an intervention group and a control group after being stratified based on age and type of stroke. Participants aged ≥ 18 years, diagnosed stroke at most 12months prior the recruitment and requiring moderate level of assistance would be considered for eligibility. Participants in the intervention group would undergo initial and continuous assessments for identification of problems and needs. Based on individual needs, participants would receive various nursing rehabilitation therapies in appropriate domains (cognitive, physical, emotional, and nursing education) combined with treatment as usual for 6 months. Participants in the controlled group would only receive treatment as usual (physiotherapy and follow-up with a medical officer). A follow-up evaluation would be conducted immediately, 30 days and 90 days after the intervention.DiscussionProviding stroke rehabilitation services in low-resource settings presents a significant challenge due to limited infrastructure and a lack of trained healthcare professionals. The current study has the potential of contributing to the growing body of evidence on the impact of telerehabilitation services in mitigating these challenges in low-resource settings.
Diagnostic performance of lateral flow immunoassays for COVID-19 antibodies in Peruvian population
Authors: Calderon-Flores Rodrigo , Caceres-Cardenas Guillermo , Alí Karla , De Vos Margaretha , Emperador Devy , Cáceres Tatiana , Eca Anika , Villa Luz , Albertini Audrey , Sacks Jilian A. , Ugarte-Gil Cesar 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundSerological assays have been used in seroprevalence studies to inform the dynamics of COVID-19. Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) tests are a very practical technology to use for this objective; however, one of their challenges may be variable diagnostic performance. Given the numerous available LFIA tests, evaluation of their accuracy is critical before real-world implementation.MethodsWe performed a retrospective diagnostic evaluation study to independently determine the diagnostic accuracy of 4 different antibody-detection LFIA tests. The sample panel was comprised of specimens collected and stored in biobanks; specifically, specimens that were RT-PCR positive for SARS-CoV-2 collected at various times throughout the COVID-19 disease course and those that were collected before the pandemic, during 2018 or earlier, from individuals with upper respiratory symptoms but were negative for tuberculosis. Clinical performance (sensitivity and specificity) was analyzed overall, and subset across individual antibody isotypes, and days from symptoms onset.ResultsA very high specificity (98% - 100%) was found for all four tests. Overall sensitivity was variable, ranging from 29% [95% CI: 21%-39%] to 64% [95% CI: 54%-73%]. When considering detection of IgM only, the highest sensitivity was 42% [95% CI: 32%-52%], compared to 57% [95% CI: 47%-66%] for IgG only. When the analysis was restricted to at least 15 days since symptom onset, across any isotype, the sensitivity reached 90% for all four brands.ConclusionAll four LFIA tests proved effective for identifying COVID-19 antibodies when two conditions were met: 1) at least 15 days have elapsed since symptom onset and 2) a sample is considered positive when either IgM or IgG is present. With these considerations, the use of this assays could help in seroprevalence studies or further exploration of its potential uses.
Accounting for early death recording in acute myocardial infarction mortality indicators based on administrative data – Observational study comparing Germany and the United States
Authors: Nimptsch Ulrike , Mansky Thomas , Busse Reinhard 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate whether differences in early death recording in administrative hospital data affect the comparison of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in-hospital mortality between Germany and the United States (U.S.), and to explore approaches to account for this issue.DesignObservational cross-sectional study based on administrative hospital data. The German Diagnosis-Related Group Statistics, the U.S. National Inpatient Sample and the U.S. Nationwide Emergency Department Sample were analysed.SettingAcute inpatient and emergency department (ED) care in German and U.S. acute care hospitals from 2014 to 2019.ParticipantsCases with treatment for AMI were identified according to the OECD indicator “AMI 30 day in-hospital (same hospital) mortality using unlinked data (admission based)”. 1.30 million acute care hospitalizations for AMI were identified in German inpatient data and 3.88 million were estimated from U.S. inpatient data. From U.S. ED data additional 25,500 patients with a first listed diagnosis of AMI, who died before inpatient admission, were estimated.Primary outcome measuresNational in-hospital mortality for AMI.ResultsWhile short-duration treatments due to early death are generally recorded in German inpatient data, in U.S. inpatient data those cases are partially missing. German age- and- sex standardized in-hospital mortality was substantially higher compared to the U.S. (in 2019 7.3% vs. 4.6%). The ratio of German vs. U.S. mortality was 1.6. After consideration of ED deaths in U.S. data this ratio declined to 1.4. Exclusion of same-day stay cases in German and U.S. data led to a similar ratio.ConclusionsExcluding cases with short-duration treatment from the calculation of mortality indicators might be a feasible approach to account for differences in the recording of early deaths, that might be existent in other countries as well.Strengths and limitationsThe strength of this study is the use of large national administrative data sources.Administrative hospital data is collected for billing purposes and differences in coding, reimbursement rules, and data collection practice may impair international comparisons.The deliberate assignment of ED deaths in U.S. data to a length of stay of less than one day was done for practical reasons but might not be correct in all cases.Possible differences in coding due to different modifications of the ICD-10 should be considered, as well as the transition from ICD-9 to ICD-10 coding that took place in the U.S. in 2015.The present study focused only admission-based AMI mortality, i.e., only deaths occurring in the same hospital were captured.
The COVID-19 antibody responses, isotypes and glycosylation: Why SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein complex binding of IgG3 is potentiated in some and immuno-pathologies manifest
Authors: Iles Raymond Kruse 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCOVID-19 syndrome does not occur in all who are infected with SARS-CoV-2, and symptoms vary. The anti-SARS CoV-2 Spike immune responses is confounded by the Spike proteins ability to bind Igγ3 heavy chains. This appears to be via sialic acid glycans found on the O-Linked glycosylation moieties of this heavy chain extended neck domain. Furthermore glycosylation of light chains, particularly Kappa (κ), is an associated feature of antibodies binding to SARS-CoV-2 antigens nucleocapsid and Spike protein. COVID-19 recovered patients had increased IgG1 and IgM levels and un-glycosylated κ light chains; possibly In order to counter this immune system subjugation of IgG3. These molecular finding, together with our previous finding that Spike protein binds glycated human serum albumin (HSA), may explain the micro-vascular inflammatory clots that are a causative feature of COVID-19 acute respiratory syndrome (ARDS).The postulated molecular sequelae are that SARS-CoV-2 virion, entering the blood circulation, being coated with IgG3 and glycated HSA forms a colloid and deposits into micro-focal clots which are also inflammatory. It is not that all IgG3 and albumin is being bound by the virus; this depends on the affinity the SARS-CoV2 virion has for binding an individual’s IgG3 and albumin due to glycosylation and glycation status. The degree of glycosylation and terminal sialyation of an individual’s antibodies is both a genetic and age-maturity dependant feature of the immune system. The degree of HSA glycation is also age related feature particularly related to type 2 diabetes. Thereby establishing the molecular basis of the association of severe COVID-19 disease syndrome and deaths with diabetes, metabolic disorders, and old age. Furthermore, already having cardiovascular disease, with hardened arteries, SARS-CoV2-glycated HSA-IgG3 deposition is going to exacerbate an already compromised circulatory physiology. The binding of IgG3 might also drives a shift in the immune repertoire response to SAR-CoV-2 anti-spike antibodies of increased IgG1 and prolonged IgM levels. This may be associated with Long Covid.In summary, SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein binding of IgG3, via sialic acid glycan residues, along with increased glycosylated κ-light chains and glycated-HSA may form a focal amyloid-like precipitate within blood vessels which in turn leads to the inflammatory micro-thrombosis characteristic of COVID-19 immuno-pathology.
Public Attitudes to Implementing Financial Incentives in Stop Smoking Services in Ireland
Authors: Cosgrave Ellen , Sheridan Aishling , Murphy Edward , Blake Martina , Siersbaek Rikke , Parker Sarah , Burke Sara , Doyle Frank , Kavanagh Paul 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTINTRODUCTIONFinancial incentives improve stop smoking service outcomes. Views on acceptability can influence implementation success. To inform implementation planning in Ireland, public attitudes to financial incentives in stop smoking services were measured.METHODSA cross-sectional telephone survey was administered to a random digit dialled sample of 1000 people in Ireland aged 15 years and older in 2022. The questionnaire included items on support for financial incentives under different conditions. Prevalence of support was calculated with 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) and multiple logistic regression identified associated factors using Adjusted Odds Ratios (aORs, with 95% CIs).RESULTSAlmost half (47.0%, 95% CI 43.9%-50.1%) supported at least one type of financial incentive to stop smoking, with support more prevalent for shopping vouchers (43.3%, 95% CI 40.3%-46.5%) than cash payments (32.1%, 95% CI 29.2%-35.0%).Support was similar for universal and income-restricted schemes. Of those who supported financial incentives, the majority (60.6%) believed the maximum amount given on proof of stopping smoking should be under €250 (median=€100, range=€1-€7000). Versus comparative counterparts, those of lower educational attainment (aOR 1.49 95% CI 1.10-2.03, p=0.010) and tobacco/e-cigarette users (aOR 1.43 95% CI 1.02-2.03, p=0.041) were significantly more likely to support either financial incentive type, as were younger people.CONCLUSIONSWhile views on financial incentives to stop smoking in Ireland were mixed, the intervention is more acceptable in groups experiencing the heaviest burden of smoking-related harm and most capacity to benefit. Engagement and communication must be integral to planning for successful implementation to improve stop smoking service outcomes.
PRDM16 functions as a co-repressor in the BMP pathway to suppress neural stem cell proliferation
Authors: He Li , Wen Jiayu , Dai Qi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBMP signalling acts as an instructive cue in various developmental processes such as tissue patterning, stem cell proliferation, and differentiation. However, it is not fully understood how this signalling pathway generates different cell-specific outputs. Here we have identified PRDM16 as a key co-factor for BMP signalling. PRDM16 contributes to a repressive role of BMP signalling on neural stem cell (NSC) proliferation. We demonstrate that PRDM16 regulates the genomic distribution of BMP pathway transcription factors, the SMAD4/pSMAD complex, preventing the activation of cell proliferation genes. WhenPrdm16is lost, the SMAD complex relocates to nearby genomic regions, leading to abnormal upregulation of BMP target genes. This function of PRDM16 is also required for the specification of choroid plexus (ChP) epithelial cells. Through a single-cell resolution fluorescentin situapproach, we have observed that genes co-repressed by SMAD and PRDM16, such asWnt7band several cell cycle regulators, become overexpressed inPrdm16mutant ChP. Our findings elucidate a mechanism through which SMAD4 and pSMAD1/5/8 repress gene expression. Moreover, our study suggests a regulatory circuit composed of BMP and Wnt signaling, along with PRDM16, in controlling stem cell behaviors.
MAXPEEM: a spectromicroscopy beamline at MAX IV laboratory
Authors: Niu Yuran , Vinogradov Nikolay , Preobrajenski Alexei , Struzzi Claudia , Sarpi Brice , Zhu Lin , Golias Evangelos , Zakharov Alexei 
Published: January 2023

MAXPEEM, a dedicated photoemission electron microscopy beamline at MAX IV Laboratory, houses a state-of-the-art aberration-corrected spectroscopic photoemission and low-energy electron microscope (AC-SPELEEM). This powerful instrument offers a wide range of complementary techniques providing structural, chemical and magnetic sensitivities with a single-digit nanometre spatial resolution. The beamline can deliver a high photon flux of ≥1015 photons s−1 (0.1% bandwidth)−1 in the range 30–1200 eV with full control of the polarization from an elliptically polarized undulator. The microscope has several features which make it unique from similar instruments. The X-rays from the synchrotron pass through the first beam separator and impinge the surface at normal incidence. The microscope is equipped with an energy analyzer and an aberration corrector which improves both the resolution and the transmission compared with standard microscopes. A new fiber-coupled CMOS camera features an improved modulation transfer function, dynamic range and signal-to-noise ratio compared with the traditional MCP-CCD detection system.
Predicting customers’ intentions to adopt the solar net metering system in India
Authors: Kaur Amanpreet , Kaur Prabhjot 
Published: January 2023

PurposeThe study aims to investigate the factors influencing customers’ behavioral intentions to adopt solar net metering systems (NMS) through environmental consciousness, perceived consumer effectiveness and government initiatives constructs along with “the theory of planned behavior” (TPB) constructs, namely, attitude, perceived behavioral control, behavioral intentions and subjective norms.Design/methodology/approachThe data of 472 respondents were collected from 22 states of India using purposive sampling from January to May 2022. The study used international business machines corporation Statistical Package for Social Sciences software for descriptive analysis, and SmartPLS 3.5.5 software was used for structural equation modeling. The data were also checked for multicollinearity, common method bias, skewness and kurtosis using different tests.FindingsThe analysis revealed that environmental consciousness, perceived consumer effectiveness and government initiatives significantly influenced the attitude toward solar NMS. Furthermore, behavioral intentions were significantly impacted by three constructs of TPB, which signifies that environmentally conscious customers have a favorable attitude toward solar NMS adoption. Additionally, the role of government initiatives is essential in promoting solar NMS.Practical implicationsThis study offers valuable insights for the government, solar product manufacturing companies and other stakeholders to increase the adoption of solar NMS.Originality/valueThis research explores the factors influencing the consumers’ adoption behavior regarding solar NMS; no dedicated study has tried to do so in the Indian context in the past. This study adds novel underpinnings to TPB, enabling better comprehension of solar NMS adoption.
The effects of physicians on operational and financial performance in United States hospitals: staffing, human capital and knowledge spillovers
Authors: Stock Gregory , McDermott Christopher 
Published: January 2023

PurposeThe authors examine how physician staffing, human capital and knowledge spillovers are related to multiple dimensions of hospital operational and financial performance at the organizational level.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use a data set assembled from multiple sources for more than 1,300 US hospitals and employ hierarchical linear regression to test this study’s hypotheses. The authors use multiple quality, efficiency and financial measures of performance for these hospitals.FindingsThe authors find that higher levels of staffing, skills and knowledge spillovers associated with physicians were positively associated with multiple dimensions of hospital performance. The authors find linear and nonlinear relationships between experience and performance, with the relationships primarily negative, and nonlinear relationships between spillovers and quality performance.Practical implicationsHospital managers should consider increasing physician staffing levels if possible. In addition, the overall Final MIPS Score from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services might be included as a factor in determining which physicians practice in a hospital. Finally, if possible, encouraging physicians to practice at multiple hospitals will likely be beneficial to hospital performance.Originality/valueThis study’s findings are original in that they explore how physician-specific staffing and human capital, which have received comparatively little attention in the literature, are related to several different dimensions of hospital-level operational and financial performance. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is also the first to examine the relationship between the construct of physician knowledge spillovers and hospital-level operational and financial performance.
A systematic study on the challenges, characteristics and security issues in vehicular networks
Authors: Lone Faisal , Verma Harsh Kumar , Sharma Krishna Pal 
Published: January 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to extensively explore the vehicular network paradigm, challenges faced by them and provide a reasonable solution for securing these vulnerable networks. Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication has brought the long-anticipated goal of safe, convenient and sustainable transportation closer to reality. The connected vehicle (CV) paradigm is critical to the intelligent transportation systems vision. It imagines a society free of a troublesome transportation system burdened by gridlock, fatal accidents and a polluted environment. The authors cannot overstate the importance of CVs in solving long-standing mobility issues and making travel safer and more convenient. It is high time to explore vehicular networks in detail to suggest solutions to the challenges encountered by these highly dynamic networks.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper compiles research on various V2X topics, from a comprehensive overview of V2X networks to their unique characteristics and challenges. In doing so, the authors identify multiple issues encountered by V2X communication networks due to their open communication nature and high mobility, especially from a security perspective. Thus, this paper proposes a trust-based model to secure vehicular networks. The proposed approach uses the communicating nodes’ behavior to establish trustworthy relationships. The proposed model only allows trusted nodes to communicate among themselves while isolating malicious nodes to achieve secure communication.

Findings
Despite the benefits offered by V2X networks, they have associated challenges. As the number of CVs on the roads increase, so does the attack surface. Connected cars provide numerous safety-critical applications that, if compromised, can result in fatal consequences. While cryptographic mechanisms effectively prevent external attacks, various studies propose trust-based models to complement cryptographic solutions for dealing with internal attacks. While numerous trust-based models have been proposed, there is room for improvement in malicious node detection and complexity. Optimizing the number of nodes considered in trust calculation can reduce the complexity of state-of-the-art solutions. The theoretical analysis of the proposed model exhibits an improvement in trust calculation, better malicious node detection and fewer computations.

Originality/value
The proposed model is the first to add another dimension to trust calculation by incorporating opinions about recommender nodes. The added dimension improves the trust calculation resulting in better performance in thwarting attacks and enhancing security while also reducing the trust calculation complexity.
National culture and entrepreneurial orientation in an emerging economy: the moderating role of informal enterprises’ survival intent
Authors: Kabir Ibrahim , Naqshbandi M. Muzamil , Abubakar Yazid Abdullahi , Said Thuraya Farhana 
Published: January 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between culture and entrepreneurial orientation (EO) in informal enterprises and the moderating role of their survival intent.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper used Hofstede's national culture framework and theory of EO to develop a novel conceptual framework. The data were collected using a survey from a sample of 385 informal enterprises and analyzed using partial least square structural equation modelling.

Findings
The findings of this paper confirmed that power distance, uncertainty avoidance and normative orientation negatively affect EO in contrast with the positive effect of individualism and masculinity. Although power distance and uncertainty avoidance negatively affect an EO, the findings showed that survival intent weakens the negative nexus between these variables and strengthens the positive effect of individualism and masculinity on EO.

Research limitations/implications
Although this study examined how survival intent moderates the nexus between national culture and EO across informal enterprises in emerging economies, the data were collected in Nigeria only. This study also examined EO in aggregate and considered only one sector.

Practical implications
This study recommends that policymakers and practitioners understand the important links between firms' characteristics, culture and EO while designing training programs, policies and procedures. Doing so will support the successful implementation of entrepreneurship programs, address the prevailing entrepreneurial needs and cultural deficits across enterprises and promote the efficient allocation of resources.

Originality/value
This paper extends Hofstede's framework of national culture and EO in the context of informal enterprises in emerging economies by examining the nexus between national culture and EO, moderated by survival intent.