bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Multi-mode Electronic Load Sensing Control Scheme with Power Limitation and Pressure Cut-off for Mobile Machinery
Authors: Cheng Min , Sun Bolin , Ding Ruqi , Xu Bing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn mobile machinery, hydro-mechanical pumps are increasingly replaced by electronically controlled pumps to improve the automation level, but diversified control functions (e.g., power limitation and pressure cut-off) are integrated into the electronic controller only from the pump level, leading to the potential instability of the overall system. To solve this problem, a multi-mode electrohydraulic load sensing (MELS) control scheme is proposed especially considering the switching stability from the system level, which includes four working modes of flow control, load sensing, power limitation, and pressure control. Depending on the actual working requirements, the switching rules for the different modes and the switching direction (i.e., the modes can be switched bilaterally or unilaterally) are defined. The priority of different modes is also defined, from high to low: pressure control, power limitation, load sensing, and flow control. When multiple switching rules are satisfied at the same time, the system switches to the control mode with the highest priority. In addition, the switching stability between flow control and pressure control modes is analyzed, and the controller parameters that guarantee the switching stability are obtained. A comparative study is carried out based on a test rig with a 2-ton hydraulic excavator. The results show that the MELS controller can achieve the control functions of proper flow supplement, power limitation, and pressure cut-off, which has good stability performance when switching between different control modes. This research proposes the MELS control method that realizes the stability of multi-mode switching of the hydraulic system of mobile machinery under different working conditions.
White matter hyperintensities and cerebral microbleeds in persistent post-traumatic headache attributed to mild traumatic brain injury: a magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Ashina Håkan , Christensen Rune H. , Al-Khazali Haidar Muhsen , Iljazi Afrim , Tolnai Daniel , Eigenbrodt Anna K. , Larsson Henrik B. W. , Schytz Henrik W. , Lindberg Ulrich , Amin Faisal Mohammad 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objective
To examine whether white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are more prevalent in people with persistent post-traumatic headache attributed to mild traumatic brain injury (TBI), compared with healthy controls.

Methods
A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study of adults with persistent post-traumatic headache attributed to mild TBI and age- and gender-matched healthy controls. A semi-structured interview and validated self-report instruments were used to record data on demographics, clinical characteristics, and comorbidities. Imaging data were obtained on a 3T MRI Scanner using a 32-channel head coil. Participants and controls underwent a single MRI session, in which fluid-attenuated inversion recovery was used to visualize WMHs, and susceptibility-weighted imaging was used to detect CMBs. The primary outcomes were (I) the difference in the mean number of WMHs between participants with persistent post-traumatic headache and healthy controls and (II) the difference in the mean number of CMBs between participants with persistent post-traumatic headache and healthy controls. All images were examined by a certified neuroradiologist who was blinded to the group status of the participants and controls.

Results
A total of 97 participants with persistent post-traumatic headache and 96 age- and gender-matched healthy controls provided imaging data eligible for analyses. Among 97 participants with persistent post-traumatic headache, 43 (44.3%) participants presented with ≥ 1 WMH, and 3 (3.1%) participants presented with ≥ 1 CMB. Compared with controls, no differences were found in the mean number of WMHs (2.7 vs. 2.1, P = 0.58) and the mean number of CMBs (0.03 vs. 0.04, P = 0.98).

Conclusions
WMHs and CMBs were not more prevalent in people with persistent post-traumatic headache than observed in healthy controls. Future studies should focus on other MRI techniques to identify radiologic biomarkers of post-traumatic headache.
Characterizing healthcare utilization patterns in a Danish population with headache: results from the nationwide headache in Denmark (HINDER) panel
Authors: Do Thien Phu , Dømgaard Mikala , Stefansen Simon , Steiner Timothy J. , Ashina Messoud 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Worldwide, far from all of those who would benefit make use of headache services, largely because of clinical, social, and political barriers to access. Identifying the factors contributing to low healthcare utilization can generate evidence to guide health policy. Our purpose here is better to characterize healthcare utilization patterns in Denmark.

Methods
The Headache in Denmark (HINDER) study is a nationwide cross-sectional survey of people with headache, conducted using SurveyXact (Rambøll Group A/S, Copenhagen). Healthcare utilization was assessed in a study sample generated by population screening and recruitment. Data collection occurred over two weeks, from September 23rd until October 4th, 2021. The questions enquired into disease characteristics, management, burden, medication intake and healthcare utilization.

Results
The number of participants included in the HINDER panel was 4,431, with 2,990 (67.5%: 2,522 [84.3%] female, 468 [15.7%] male; mean age 40.9 ± 11.6 years) completing the survey. One quarter of participants (27.7%) disagreed or strongly disagreed that they were able to manage their headache attacks. Most participants (81.7%) agreed or strongly agreed that their headache was a burden in their everyday lives. The most reported acute medications, by 87.2% of participants, were simple analgesics; of note, 8.6% reported using opioids for their headache. One quarter of participants (24.4%) had never consulted a medical doctor for their headache; one in six (16.5%: more than two thirds of the 24.4%) had never done so despite agreeing or strongly agreeing that their headache was a burden in their everyday lives. Two thirds (65.3%) of participants overall, and almost three quarters (72.4%) of those with weekly headache, had tried one or more complementary or alternative therapies outside conventional medical care.

Conclusions
Our findings are indicative of inadequate delivery of headache care in a country that provides free and universal coverage for all its residents. The implications are twofold. First, it is not sufficient merely to make services available: public education and increased awareness are necessary to encourage uptake by those who would benefit. Second, educational interventions in both pre- and postgraduate settings are necessary, but a prerequisite for these is a resetting of policy priorities, properly to reflect the very high population ill-health burden of headache.
Growth, structure, and morphology of van der Waals epitaxy Cr1+δTe2 films
Authors: Wang Xiaodan , Zhou Hua , Bai Lihui , Wang Hui-Qiong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe preparation of two-dimensional magnetic materials is a key process to their applications and the study of their structure and morphology plays an important role in the growth of high-quality thin films. Here, the growth, structure, and morphology of Cr1+δTe2 films grown by molecular beam epitaxy on mica with variations of Te/Cr flux ratio, growth temperature, and film thickness have been systematically investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy, reflection high-energy electron diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. We find that a structural change from multiple phases to a single phase occurs with the increase in growth temperature, irrespective of the Cr/Te flux ratios, which is attributed to the desorption difference of Te atoms at different temperatures, and that the surface morphology of the films grown at relatively high growth temperatures (≥ 300 °C) exhibits a quasi-hexagonal mesh-like structure, which consists of nano-islands with bending surface induced by the screw dislocations, as well as that the films would undergo a growth-mode change from 2D at the initial stage in a small film thickness (2 nm) to 3D at the later stage in thick thicknesses (12 nm and 24 nm). This work provides a general model for the study of pseudo-layered materials grown on flexible layered substrates.
Carboxylated graphene quantum dots-mediated photothermal therapy enhances drug-membrane permeability, ROS production, and the immune system recruitment on 3D glioblastoma models
Authors: Perini Giordano , Palmieri Valentina , Friggeri Ginevra , Augello Alberto , De Spirito Marco , Papi Massimiliano 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGraphene quantum dots (GQDs) are biocompatible nanoparticles employed in biomedical field, thanks to their size and photophysical properties. GQDs have shown the capability to cross biological barriers, including the blood–brain barrier, which makes them promising agents for brain diseases therapy. It has been shown that surface-functionalized GQDs enhance membrane fluidity and intracellular uptake, exerting a synergistic effect with antitumor drugs at subtherapeutic doses. Here, we tested GQDs effects in combination with chemotherapeutic agents doxorubicin and temozolomide, on a complex 3D spheroid model of glioblastoma. We observed that the capability of GQDs to absorb and convert near-infrared light into heat is a key factor in membrane permeability enhancement on 3D model. This non-invasive therapeutic strategy named photothermal therapy (PTT), combined to chemotherapy at subtherapeutic doses, significantly increased the effect of antitumor drugs by reducing tumor growth and viability. Furthermore, the increase in membrane permeability due to GQDs-mediated PTT enhanced the release of reactive oxygen species with strong migration of the immune system towards irradiated cancer spheroids. Our data indicate that the increase in membrane permeability can enhance the efficacy of antitumor drugs at subtherapeutic doses against glioblastoma, reducing side effects, and directing immune response, ultimately improving quality of life for patients.
Does multi-way, long-range chromatin contact data advance 3D genome reconstruction?
Authors: Olshen Adam B. , Segal Mark R. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Methods for inferring the three-dimensional (3D) configuration of chromatin from conformation capture assays that provide strictly pairwise interactions, notably Hi-C, utilize the attendant contact matrix as input. More recent assays, in particular split-pool recognition of interactions by tag extension (SPRITE), capture multi-way interactions instead of solely pairwise contacts. These assays yield contacts that straddle appreciably greater genomic distances than Hi-C, in addition to instances of exceptionally high-order chromatin interaction. Such attributes are anticipated to be consequential with respect to 3D genome reconstruction, a task yet to be undertaken with multi-way contact data. However, performing such 3D reconstruction using distance-based reconstruction techniques requires framing multi-way contacts as (pairwise) distances. Comparing approaches for so doing, and assessing the resultant impact of long-range and multi-way contacts, are the objectives of this study.

Results
We obtained 3D reconstructions via multi-dimensional scaling under a variety of weighting schemes for mapping SPRITE multi-way contacts to pairwise distances. Resultant configurations were compared following Procrustes alignment and relationships were assessed between associated Procrustes root mean square errors and key features such as the extent of multi-way and/or long-range contacts. We found that these features had surprisingly limited influence on 3D reconstruction, a finding we attribute to their influence being diminished by the preponderance of pairwise contacts.

Conclusion
Distance-based 3D genome reconstruction using SPRITE multi-way contact data is not appreciably affected by the weighting scheme used to convert multi-way interactions to pairwise distances.
An age-old problem or an old-age problem? A UK survey of attitudes, historical use and recommendations by healthcare professionals to use healthcare apps
Authors: Chowdhury Sulayman Z. , Stevens Sebastian , Wu Charlotte , Woodward Claire , Andrews Tim , Ashall-Payne Liz , Leigh Simon 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
The coronavirus pandemic has exacerbated barriers to accessing face-to-face care. Consequently, the potential for digital health technologies (DHTs) to address unmet needs has gained traction. DHTs may circumvent several barriers to healthy independent living, resulting in both socioeconomic and clinical benefits. However, previous studies have demonstrated these benefits may be disproportionately realised among younger populations while excluding older people.

Methods
We performed a prospective survey using the One Poll market research platform among 2000 adults from the United Kingdom. To mitigate against self-selection bias, participants were not informed of the topic of the survey until they had completed recruitment. We compared willingness to use and historical use of health-apps, in addition to recommendations to use health-apps from healthcare professionals; comparing outcomes across all age groups, including a reference group (n = 222) of those aged 18-24. Outcomes were analysed using multivariate logistic regression and reported as odds ratios (OR) with respondent age, ethnicity, gender, and location as covariates.

Results
Willingness to use health-apps decreased significantly with age, reaching a minimum (OR = 0.39) among those aged 65 and over compared to the reference group of 18-24 year olds. Despite this, more than 52% of those aged 65 and over were willing to use health-apps. Functions and features most cited as useful by older populations included symptom self-monitoring and surgery recovery assistance. The likelihood of never having used a health-app also increased consistently with age, reaching a maximum among those aged 65 and over (OR = 18.3). Finally, the likelihood of being recommended health-apps by a healthcare professional decreased significantly with age, (OR = 0.09) for those aged 65 and over. In absolute terms, 33.8% of those aged 18-24, and 3.9% of those aged 65 and over were recommended health-apps by their healthcare professionals.

Conclusion
Although absolute utilisation of health-apps decreases with age, the findings of this study suggest that the gap between those willing to use health-apps, and those being recommended health-apps by healthcare professionals increases with age. Given the increasing availability of evidence-based health-apps designed for older populations, this may result in entirely avoidable unmet needs, suggesting that more should be done by healthcare professionals to recommend health-apps to older persons who are generally positive about their use. This may result in considerable improvements in healthy and independent ageing.
Identification of decreased intrinsic capacity: Performance of diagnostic measures of the ICOPE Screening tool in community dwelling older people in the VIMCI study
Authors: Rojano i Luque Xavier , Blancafort-Alias Sergi , Prat Casanovas Susanna , Forné Susanna , Martín Vergara Nuria , Fabregat Povill Pilar , Vila Royo Maria , Serrano Rosa , Sanchez-Rodriguez Dolores , Vílchez Saldaña Montserrat , Martínez Iris , Domínguez López Mariola , Riba Porquet Francesc , Intxaurrondo González Aimar , Salvà Casanovas Antoni 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
The World Health Organization (WHO) has developed the Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) strategy to face the challenges of ageing societies. This strategy is focused on person centered care and the assessment intrinsic capacity (IC). Early identification of five domains of IC (cognition, locomotion, vitality, sensory (hearing and vision), and psychological) has been shown to be related with adverse outcomes and can guide actions towards primary prevention and healthy ageing. IC assessment proposed by the WHO ICOPE guidelines is composed by two steps: First, Screening for decreased IC by the ICOPE Screening tool; second, by the reference standard methods. The aim was to assess the performance of diagnostic measures (sensibility, specificity, diagnostic accuracy, and agreement of the ICOPE Screening tool) compared to the reference standard methods in European community-dwelling older adults.

Methods
Cross-sectional analysis of the baseline of the ongoing VIMCI (Validity of an Instrument to Measure Intrinsic Capacity) cohort study, which was carried out in Primary Care centers and outpatient clinics from 5 rural and urban territories in Catalonia (Spain). Participants were 207community dwelling persons ≥ 70-year-old with Barthel $$\ge$$
≥
90, without dementia or advanced chronic conditions who provided their consent to participate. The 5 IC domains were assessed by the ICOPE Screening tool and the reference methods (SPPB, gait speed, MNA, Snellen chart, audiometry, MMSE, GDS5) during patients’ visit. Agreement was assessed with the Gwet AC1 index.

Results
ICOPE Screening tool sensitivity was higher for cognition (0.889) and ranged between 0.438 and 0.569 for most domains. Specificity ranged from 0.682 to 0.96, diagnostic accuracy from 0.627 to 0.879, Youden index from 0.12 to 0.619, and Gwet AC1 from 0.275 to 0.842.

Conclusion
The ICOPE screening tool showed fair performance of diagnostic measures; it was helpful to identify those participants with satisfactory IC and showed a modest ability to identify decreased IC in older people with high degree of autonomy. Since low sensitivities were found, a process of external validation would be recommended to reach better discrimination. Further studies about the ICOPE Screening tool and its performance of diagnostic measures in different populations are urgently required.
Opioid prescribing among aged care residents during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic: an analysis using general practice health records in Australia
Authors: Dai Zhaoli , Raban Magdalena Z. , Sezgin Gorkem , McGuire Precious , Datta Shirmilla , Wabe Nasir , Pearce Christopher , Woodman Richard , Georgiou Andrew 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Opioid use is common among adults 65 years and older, while long-term use of opioids remains controversial and poses risks of drug dependence and other adverse events. The acute disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic has created new challenges and barriers to healthcare access, particularly for long-term care residents. Australia had a relatively low incidence and deaths due to COVID-19 during the first year of the pandemic compared to most OECD countries. In this context, we examined opioid prescribing rates and their dosage in residential aged care facilities (RACFs) before (2019) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020) from March to December in Australia.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis using general practice electronic health records. This includes 17,304 RACF residents aged 65 years and over from 361 general practices in New South Wales and Victoria. Number of opioid prescriptions and percentage of opioids over 50 mg/day of oral morphine equivalent (OME) were described. Multivariate generalized estimating equations were applied to estimate odds ratios [aORs (95% confidence intervals)] for 1) opioids prescribed per consultation and 2) prescription opioids over 50 mg/day OME.

Results
In 2020 among 11,154 residents, 22.8% of 90,897 total prescriptions were opioids, and of the opioids, 11.3% were over 50 mg/day OME. In 2019 among 10,506 residents, 18.8% of 71,829 total prescriptions were opioids, of which 10.3% were over 50 mg/day OME. Year [2020 vs. 2019: aOR (95% CI):1.50 (1.44, 1.56); 1.29 (1.15, 1.46)] and regionality [rural/regional vs. metropolitan: 1.37 (1.26, 1.49); 1.40 (1.14, 1.71)] were associated with higher odds of prescription opioids and OME > 50 mg/day, respectively. Similar results were found when limited to the same residents (n = 7,340) recorded in both years.

Conclusions
Higher prescription rates of opioids were observed during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 than in 2019 in Australian RACFs. The higher odds of prescription opioids and higher dosing in rural/regional than metropolitan areas indicate a widening of the gap in the quality of pain management during the pandemic. Our findings contribute to the limited data that indicate increased opioid prescriptions in long-term care facilities, which is likely to continue while COVID-19 pandemic restrictions remain.
Possibility of mpox viral transmission and control from high-risk to the general population: a modeling study
Authors: Yang Shiting , Guo Xiaohao , Zhao Zeyu , Abudunaibi Buasiyamu , Zhao Yunkang , Rui Jia , Wang Yao , Song Wentao , Wei Hongjie , Chen Tianmu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Mpox is an emerging infectious disease that is now a global hazard. The strategies for preventing and controlling mpox should be further investigated in terms of transmission characteristics, infection risk among different populations, and ideal therapeutic approaches.

Methods
A multi-group dynamic model was used to quantify the transmissibility of mpox. We further analyzed the transmission risk from men who have sex with men (MSM) to non-MSM and evaluated the effects of three intervention measures, including community-based prevention, early detection, and vaccination.

Results
The median value of effective reproduction number (Reff) and probability of contact via a single contact (q) among MSM worldwide is 3.11 (interquartile range [IQR]: 2.82–5.57) and 2.15% (IQR: 1.95–3.84%). We found that the cumulative incidence rate of non-MSM is much lower than that of MSM (< 1/2048) when the possibility of infection (including the percentage of high-risk behaviors of contact degree [C] and q) was lowered to less than 1 in 100,000. When comparing the three intervention measures, if we want to control the cumulative incidence rate to 5.96 × 10–8 we need to increase the vaccine coverage to 81% or reduce the transmission rate factor (Cq) to 70% or shorten the transmission period to 74%.

Conclusions
Mpox has high transmissibility in MSM, which required minimize the risk of infection and exposure to high-risk populations. Community prevention and control is the top priority of interventions to contain the spread of mpox.