bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations between Media Use and Executive Dysfunction among Preschool Children in Bangkok, Thailand
Authors: Wannapaschaiyong Prakasit , Wattanakijthamrong Saruta , Kallawicha Kraiwuth , Sutchritpongsa Sureelak 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study aims to describe the relation between media use characteristics and executive dysfunction in Thai preschoolers. Secondary data were retrieved from a cross-sectional study to compare two Thai executive functions (EFs) assessment forms. Questionnaire data from 110 caregivers of preschool children were analyzed. The research materials included a sociodemographic information form, parenting style and dimensions questionnaire, a 1-week screen time diary, and the behavior rating inventory of executive function-preschool version (BRIEF-P). Findings showed a 23.6% prevalence of executive dysfunction among Thai preschool children. Children's media use characteristics associated with global executive dysfunction included less co-viewing time with caregivers. Shorter co-viewing time was linked to a deficiency of inhibition, emotional control, and planning and organization. Meanwhile, extended viewing of low-quality content was associated with impaired working memory. However, total screen time and setting screen time limits were not associated with executive dysfunction. Co-viewing with caregivers and limiting exposure to low-quality content must be promoted to minimize the adverse effects on EF development.
Climbing up the ladder of abstraction: how to span the boundaries of knowledge space in the online knowledge market?
Authors: Cui Haochuan , Li Tiewei , Wang Cheng-Jun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe challenge of raising a creative question exists in recombining different categories of knowledge. However, the impact of recombination remains controversial. Drawing on the theories of knowledge recombination and category-spanning, we claim that the impact of knowledge spanning on the appeal of questions is contingent upon questions’ knowledge hierarchy in the knowledge space. Using word embedding models and network analysis to quantify knowledge spanning and knowledge hierarchy respectively, we test our hypotheses with the data collected from a large online knowledge market (N = 463,545). Knowledge spanning has an inverted U-shaped influence on the appeal of questions: the appeal of questions increases up to a threshold, after which point the positive effect reverses. However, with the increase in knowledge hierarchy, the inverted U-shape is weakened and disappears quickly. We fill the research gap by conceptualizing question-asking as knowledge-spanning and highlighting the theoretical underpinnings of knowledge hierarchy. The theoretical and practical implications for future research on knowledge recombination are discussed.
Generation of broadband non-diffraction millimeter-wave airy beams based on high-efficiency tri-layer metasurfaces
Authors: Zhang Zhengping , Zhang Dajun , Wang Xiong 
Published: June 2023

Airy beams based on the Airy function, exhibiting a special curved parabolic trajectory, can effectively alleviate diffraction along its propagation and hold potential in many interesting applications. However, to date, the broadband and high-efficiency generation of non-diffraction Airy beams has remained largely unexplored, especially in the millimeter-wave range that is full of great application potential. In this paper, broadband 1-D and 2-D Airy beam generators utilizing high-efficiency tri-layer metasurfaces operating from 55 to 67 GHz are presented. The metasurfaces consist of elaborately tailored meta-atoms that can independently realize complete amplitude modulation from 1% to 98% and binary phase tuning of 0 and π. The Airy beam generators are engineered and verified by simulations and experiments, which demonstrate the broadband quasi-non-diffraction feature and curved trajectory of the Airy beam. Compared to the 1-D Airy beam generator, the measured quasi-non-diffraction propagation property of the 2-D Airy beam can be maintained by greater than 160 free-space wavelengths across the entire bandwidth. Self-reconstruction property of the 2-D Airy beam is also experimentally validated in the presence of metallic and dielectric obstacles. This work may benefit novel applications of Airy beams in millimeter-wave imaging and detection.
The psycholinguistic realization of topic in Chinese
Authors: Zhang Liulin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
An OSV word order that deviates from the canonical SVO word order is typically viewed as derived through movement.
This theory has been widely supported by psycholinguistic studies showing that the displaced constituents are mentally reactivated
at the gap positions. However, some cognitive-functionalists have proposed an alternative account: in a topic-prominent language
like Chinese, topic is the basic unit of a sentence that delimits the frame within which the main predication holds. The present
study adopts the cross-modal antecedent priming technique to test whether the sentence-initial object is structurally associated
with the verb in native speakers’ online processing. Results of two experiments show that the sentence-initial object is not
associated with the verb whatsoever, neither lexically nor structurally, shedding light on the typological characteristics of
Chinese as a topic-prominent language. However, the processing of the antecedent object was shown facilitated at the
post-quantifier position.
Second-harmonic currents in rf-biased, inductively coupled discharges
Authors: Sobolewski Mark A 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Capacitively-coupled plasmas generate strong current or voltage signals at harmonics of their driving frequencies. Inductively coupled plasma (icp) systems generally do not, unless they are equipped with capacitively-coupled rf bias, which generates strong signals at harmonics of its driving frequency. Recently, however, at an asymmetric, rf-biased electrode, a current component was detected at the second harmonic of the inductive source frequency, not the rf-bias frequency. The origin of this current is here investigated (in argon discharges at 1.3 Pa) by comparison with measurements made at a symmetric electrode and predictions made by two numerical models. The first simulates the sheath at the rf-biased electrode; the second models the plasma. Because capacitive coupling from the inductive source was minimized by a Faraday shield, the nonlinearity of the sheath contributes negligible second-harmonic current. Modulation of the photon flux in the plasma, however, produces a second-harmonic current photoemitted from the rf-biased electrode. The external circuitry and nonlinear inductive coupling produce a second-harmonic sheath voltage, which in turn generates second-harmonic current both directly and through a transit-time effect. The second model simulates how electrons emitted from the electrode—and then reflected at the quartz dielectric window of the inductive source—are deflected by the electric and magnetic fields in the plasma. It also gives predictions for the transit-time effect. Magnetic deflections and the transit-time effect usually dominate the electric deflection. Together these three mechanisms produce a second-harmonic current that has a Fourier amplitude approximately half the current that is elastically reflected at the icp window. These results suggest it may be possible to use the second-harmonic current to determine the elastic reflection coefficient at the window.
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchoring is required for the proper transport and extensive glycosylation of a classical arabinogalactan protein precursor in tobacco BY-2 cells
Authors: Nagasato Daiki , Sugita Yuto , Tsuno Yuhei , Tanaka Rutsuko , Fukuda Maki , Matsuoka Ken 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Many precursors of plant arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) contain a C-terminal glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchoring signal. Using NtAGP1, a classical tobacco AGP, as a model, and green fluorescent protein (GFP) and sweet potato sporamin (SPO) as tags, we analyzed the localization and modification of AGP and its mutant without GPI-anchoring signal (AGPΔC) in tobacco BY-2 cells. The NtAGP1 fusion proteins migrated as large smear on SDS-polyacrylamide gel, and these proteins also localized preferentially to the plasma membrane. In contrast, fusions of AGPΔC with GFP and SPO yielded several forms: The largest were secreted, whereas others were recovered in the endomembrane organelles, including vacuoles. Comparison of the glycan structures of the microsomal SPO-AGP and the secreted SPO-AGPΔC using antibodies against the glycan epitopes of AGP indicated that the glycan structures of these proteins are different. These observations indicate that GPI-anchoring is required for the proper transport and glycosylation of the AGP precursor.
Depletion of Gr1+ myeloid cells attenuates high-fat-diet-aggravated esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in mice
Authors: Jianmin Peng , Qinchao Hu , Chunyang Wang , Jiayu Zhang , Siyu Wang , Li Wang , Juan Xia , Bin Cheng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Obesity is a leading cause of multiple cancers, but whether it promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and its underlying cancer-promoting mechanism remains unclear. To evaluate the effect of a high-fat diet (HFD) on ESCC and explore the role and mechanism of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in HFD-induced ESCC, C57BL/6J mice were treated with 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO) to induce ESCC and randomly assigned to an HFD or a normal-fat diet. An anti-Gr1 monoclonal antibody was used to deplete MDSCs in the context of experimental diets and ESCC induction. The expression of MDSC markers CD11b and Gr1 and immune checkpoints (ICs) PD1, TIM3, and VISTA in lesions were detected by immunohistochemistry. The correlation between myeloid cell markers (CD11b and CD33) and ICs and their relationship with ESCC patient prognosis were further analyzed using the The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset. The results showed that HFD accelerated esophageal carcinogenesis, induced MDSC expansion, and upregulated IC expression, whereas depletion of Gr1+ myeloid cells significantly suppressed tumor growth, decreased the number of MDSCs, and downregulated IC expression in HFD mice. PD1, TIM3, and VISTA expressions were positively correlated with myeloid cell marker expression in human ESCC. Moreover, the high expression of IC molecules was associated with poor survival in patients with ESCC. These data indicate that HFD promotes the initiation and development of ESCC. Gr1+ myeloid cell targeting significantly inhibited ESCC formation in HFD mice, which may be associated with IC downregulation.
Increased Lung Cancer Risk and Associated Risk Factors in Tuberculosis Survivors: A Korean Population-Based Study
Authors: Moon Seong Mi , Choi Hayoung , Kim Sang Hyuk , Kang Hyung Koo , Park Dong Won , Jung Jin Hyung , Han Kyungdo , Shin Dong Wook , Lee Hyun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Few studies have comprehensively evaluated the risk of lung cancer in tuberculosis survivors with consideration of smoking status and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Furthermore, little is known about lung cancer risk factors in tuberculosis survivors.

Methods
This population-based cohort study enrolled tuberculosis survivors (n = 75 467) between 2010 and 2017 and 1:1 age- and sex-matched controls. Subjects were followed up for 1 year from the date of tuberculosis diagnosis to the date of the incident lung cancer, death, or December 2018, whichever came first. The risk of lung cancer was evaluated according to smoking and COPD status. We also evaluated the risk factors for lung cancer and developed an individualized lung cancer prediction model for tuberculosis survivors.

Results
During a median follow-up duration of 4.8 years, the incident lung cancer risk was 1.72-fold higher in tuberculosis survivors than in the controls. Among tuberculosis survivors, those who were current smokers with ≥20 pack-years showed the highest risk of lung cancer (adjusted hazard ratio, 6.78) compared with never-smoker, non–tuberculosis-infected controls. tuberculosis survivors with COPD had a higher risk (2.43) than non-COPD, non–tuberculosis-infected controls. Risk factors for lung cancer in tuberculosis survivors were pulmonary tuberculosis, age &gt;60 years, smoking, and the presence of COPD or asthma. The individualized lung cancer risk model showed good discrimination (concordance statistic = 0.827).

Conclusions
Previous tuberculosis infection is an independent risk factor regardless of smoking status or amount and COPD. Closer monitoring of tuberculosis survivors, especially heavy smokers or those with COPD, is needed for early lung cancer diagnosis.
‘Meteorology’ and ‘meteors’ across centuries: a short history of two problematic terms
Authors: Novotný Matěj , Kocánová Barbora , Müller Miloslav 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The article is dedicated to meaning variations and transformations in the terms meteorology and meteor from antiquity to the present. It is argued that the use of the word meteor as a noun denoting a specific meteorological phenomenon only became established in the Renaissance, as the Greek adjective μετέωρος ‘raised, aloft’ in the substantivized neuter form was originally used in the plural to denote objects in the high in a very general way and in the singular to denote an area, not an object. In the Middle Ages, in contrast, it was the Latin terms impressio or passio that were generally employed to denote meteorological phenomena. An emphasis is also placed on how the term meteorology was problematic in a way from the very beginning, rather than only today, when the term meteor has become more astronomical than meteorological in its first meaning, and efforts have been made to replace the name of the science with completely different terms.
Cardiovascular adverse events and prognosis in patients with haematologic malignancies and breast cancer receiving anticancer agents: Kurume-CREO Registry insights
Authors: Shibata Tatsuhiro , Nohara Shoichiro , Morikawa Nagisa , Shibao Kodai , Ito Shinichiro , Shibata Ryo , Toh Uhi , Nagafuji Koji , Fukami Kei , Fukumoto Yoshihiro 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Aims
Cancer treatment–related cardiovascular toxicity (CTR-CVT) is a growing concern in patients undergoing anticancer therapy. The Heart Failure Association (HFA) and International Cardio-Oncology Society (ICOS) risk assessment tools have been proposed for the baseline cardiovascular (CV) risk stratification of patients with cancer. This study investigated the incidence of CV adverse events in clinical practice, also using the HFA-ICOS risk tool.

Methods and results
This single-centre, prospective, observational study was conducted at Kurume University Hospital from October 2016 to August 2021, including patients aged ≥20 years with haematologic malignancies or breast cancer who were receiving anticancer agents. Cardiovascular assessments were performed at enrolment and every 6 months until August 2021, with additional assessments for suspected CV adverse events. The primary endpoint was common terminology criteria for adverse events v4.0 Grade ≥2, and the secondary endpoints were all-cause and CV deaths. Of the enrolled 486 patients, CV adverse events occurred in 24.5, 15.8, 38.1, and 18.0% of patients with leukaemia, malignant lymphoma, multiple myeloma, and breast cancer, respectively. Patients at high or very high risk had a significantly higher incidence of CV events, according to the HFA-ICOS risk tool. Cardiovascular death occurred in 4 (0.8%) patients during follow-up.

Conclusion
This study revealed that 16–38% of patients with haematologic malignancies and breast cancer developed CTR-CVT during follow-up, in which patients with high/very high risk were well predicted by the HFA-ICOS risk assessment tool. Monitoring and managing CV risk factors are essential for safe cancer therapy.
Temporal Relationships Between Nursing Home Staff Care Approaches and Behaviors of Residents With Dementia During Mealtimes: A Sequential Analysis
Authors: Liu Wen , Perkhounkova Yelena , Hein Maria , Bakeman Roger 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesOptimal dyadic interactions are critical to quality mealtime care and outcomes. Prior work supports associative relationships between staff approaches and individual mealtime behaviors, yet evidence on temporal relationships is limited. This study examined temporal associations between staff approaches and resident behaviors during mealtimes.Research Design and MethodsVideotaped mealtime observations (N = 160) involving 36 staff and 27 residents (53 staff–resident dyads) in 9 nursing homes were analyzed. Sequential analyses using 5-, 10-, and 15-second time windows were conducted for resident positive, neutral, and challenging behaviors as antecedents as well as consequences of staff person-centered and task-centered approaches.ResultsResidents exhibited positive verbal (35.0%) and positive/neutral nonverbal (12.6%) behaviors, as well as challenging behaviors including functional impairments (27.7%) and resistive behaviors (24.7%). Staff primarily used person-centered approaches (54.1% verbal, 40.3% nonverbal); task-centered approaches were less frequent (5.6%). Immediately (within 5 seconds) after staff person-centered approaches, resident positive/neutral and resistive behaviors were more likely, and functional impairments less likely. After staff task-centered approaches, resident positive verbal and resistive behaviors were less likely. After resident positive/neutral behaviors, staff person-centered approaches were more likely. After resident functional impairments, staff person-centered verbal approaches were less likely, and task-centered approaches more likely. After resident resistive behaviors, all staff approaches were more likely. The strength of temporal relationships diminished in 10-second and 15-second time windows.Discussion and ImplicationsStaff–resident positive interactions were associated with more subsequent positive interactions. Person-centered care was associated with fewer subsequent resident functional impairments and more subsequent resistive behaviors. Resident resistive behaviors were associated with more subsequent person-centered and task-centered care. Findings confirm the importance of facilitating positive staff–resident interactions and managing functional impairments using person-centered care. Resistive behaviors require additional awareness and attention beyond commonly used person-centered care approaches. Further investigation of temporal relationships is needed using larger diverse samples.
War, peace and commerce and the Treaty of London (1604)
Authors: Gajda Alexandra 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The Treaty of London (1604) brought an end to the long Anglo-Spanish War. Scholars have assumed that peace was broadly welcomed, especially among the English mercantile community. Yet many merchants had made vast fortunes from the war, through privateering or opening trade routes with Spain’s imperial territories. This article demonstrates that the lobbying of merchants significantly shaped the negotiations for the Treaty of London. Simultaneously, multiple manuscript treatises arguing pro or contra peace were widely circulated: these foregrounded commercial concerns in their analysis of foreign policy.
An Explicit Minorant for the Amenability Constant of the Fourier Algebra
Authors: Choi Yemon 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We show that if a locally compact group $G$ is non-abelian, then the amenability constant of its Fourier algebra is $\geq 3/2$, extending a result of [9] who proved that this holds for finite non-abelian groups. Our lower bound, which is known to be best possible, improves on results by previous authors and answers a question raised by [16]. To do this, we study a minorant for the amenability constant, related to the anti-diagonal in $G\times G$, which was implicitly used in Runde’s work but hitherto not studied in depth. Our main novelty is an explicit formula for this minorant when $G$ is a countable virtually abelian group, in terms of the Plancherel measure for $G$. As further applications, we characterize those non-abelian groups where the minorant attains its minimal value and present some examples to support the conjecture that the minorant always coincides with the amenability constant.
A novel de-novo RB1 mutation identified in a patient with bilateral retinoblastoma
Authors: Fukushima Hiroko , Suzuki Ryoko , Hiraoka Takahiro , Suzuki Shigenobu , Noguchi Emiko , Takada Hidetoshi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Retinoblastoma manifests as ocular malignancy due to mutations in the RB1 gene. A 17-month-old girl with bilateral retinoblastoma having no family history was admitted to our hospital. The right eye was enucleated but the other was preserved with systemic chemotherapy and topical treatment. The patient has been tumor-free for over 7 years since diagnosis. All exons of RB1 were sequenced and a novel 1-base pair deletion (NM_000321.2:c.2409del, p.Asn803Lysfs*7) was detected.
TIM-3 signaling contributes to the suppressive capacity of Tregs from people with HIV on antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Nieves-Rosado Hector M , Jacobs Jana L , Naqvi Asma , Mellors John W , Macatangay Bernard J C , Kane Lawrence P 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
TIM-3 expression is increased on peripheral regulatory T cells (Tregs) of virally suppressed persons with HIV-1 on antiretroviral therapy (PWH-ART). However, the relevance of TIM-3 expression in this setting is unclear. We used flow cytometry to evaluate the suppressive phenotype and signaling pathways in peripheral TIM-3− vs TIM-3+ Tregs in PWH-ART. TIM-3+ Tregs showed increased expression of IL-10 compared with persons without HIV-1. In addition, TIM-3+ Tregs displayed elevated signaling and activation, relative to TIM-3− Tregs from the same PWH-ART. Dramatically, TIM-3 blockade restrained the in vitro suppressive capacity of peripheral Tregs. Therefore, our data demonstrate not only that TIM-3 expression by Tregs is associated with an immunosuppressive response among PWH-ART, but also that TIM-3 contributes directly to the enhanced suppressive activity of Tregs in this setting.
Axial conduit widening, tree height, and height growth rate set the hydraulic transition of sapwood into heartwood
Authors: Petit Giai , Mencuccini Maurizio , Carrer Marco , Prendin Angela Luisa , Hölttä Teemu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The size-related xylem adjustments required to maintain a constant leaf-specific sapwood conductance (KLEAF) with increasing height (H) are still under discussion. Alternative hypotheses are that: (i) the conduit hydraulic diameter (Dh) at any position in the stem and/or (ii) the number of sapwood rings at stem base (NSWr) increase with H. In addition, (iii) reduced stem elongation (ΔH) increases the tip-to-base conductance through inner xylem rings, thus possibly the NSWr contributing to KLEAF. A detailed stem analysis showed that Dh increased with the distance from the ring apex (DCA) in all rings of a Picea abies and a Fagus sylvatica tree. Net of DCA effect, Dh did not increase with H. Using sapwood traits from a global dataset, NSWr increased with H, decreased with ΔH, and the mean sapwood ring width (SWrw) increased with ΔH. A numerical model based on anatomical patterns predicted the effects of H and ΔH on the conductance of inner xylem rings. Our results suggest that the sapwood/heartwood transition depends on both H and ΔH, and is set when the carbon allocation to maintenance respiration of living cells in inner sapwood rings produces a lower gain in total conductance than investing the same carbon in new vascular conduits.