bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep problems in children with autism spectrum disorder in Hong Kong: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Leung Man Ho Brian , Ngan Sze Ting Joanna , Cheng Pak Wing Calvin , Chan Fong Chun Grace , Chang Wing Chung , Cheung Hoi Kei , Ho Chung , Lee Chi Kei Krystal , Tang Yiu Chung Vincent , Wong Siu Man Corine , Chan Kwok Ling Phyllis 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a growing prevalence of sleep problems associated with significant behavioral problems and more severe autism clinical presentation. Little is known about the relationships between autism traits and sleep problems in Hong Kong. Therefore, this study aimed to examine whether children with autism have increased sleep problems than non-autistic children in Hong Kong. The secondary objective was to examine the factors associated with sleep problems in an autism clinical sample.MethodsThis cross-sectional study recruited 135 children with autism and 102 with the same age range of non-autistic children, aged between 6 and 12 years. Both groups were screened and compared on their sleep behaviors using the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ).ResultsChildren with autism had significantly more sleep problems than non-autistic children [t(226.73) = 6.20, p &lt; 0.001]. Bed -sharing [beta = 0.25, t(165) = 2.75, p = 0.07] and maternal age at birth [beta = 0.15, t(165) = 2.05, p = 0.043] were significant factors associated with CSHQ score on the top of autism traits. Stepwise linear regression modeling identified that only separation anxiety disorder (beta = 4.83, t = 2.40, p = 0.019) best-predicted CSHQ.ConclusionIn summary, autistic children suffered from significantly more sleep problems and co-occurring separation anxiety disorder brings greater sleep problems as compared to non-autistic children. Clinicians should be more aware of sleep problems to provide more effective treatments to children with autism.
Age-specific associations between serum cholesterol levels and suicidal behaviors in patients with depressive disorders: A naturalistic prospective observational cohort study
Authors: Choi Wonsuk , Kang Hee-Ju , Kim Ju-Wan , Kim Hee Kyung , Kang Ho-Cheol , Lee Ju-Yeon , Kim Sung-Wan , Stewart Robert , Kim Jae-Min 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionThis study investigated the effects of total cholesterol levels on prevalent, and incident suicidal behaviors according to age group (&lt;60 vs. ≥60 years) in depressed patients.MethodsConsecutive outpatients with depressive disorders who visited the Chonnam National University Hospital between March 2012 and April 2017 were recruited. Among 1,262 patients assessed at baseline, 1,094 agreed to blood sampling for measurement of serum total cholesterol levels. Among the patients, 884 completed the 12-week acute treatment phase and were followed up at least once during the 12-month continuation treatment phase. Suicidal behaviors assessed at baseline included baseline suicidal severity; behaviors assessed at the 1-year follow-up included increased suicidal severity and fatal/non-fatal suicide attempts. Associations of baseline total cholesterol levels with the above-mentioned suicidal behaviors were analyzed using logistic regression models after adjustment for relevant covariates.ResultsOf 1,094 depressed patients, 753 (68.8%) were women. The mean (SD) age of patients was 57.0 (14.9) years. Lower total cholesterol levels (87–161 mg/dl) were associated with increased suicidal severity (Linear Wald = 4.478, p &lt; 0.05) and fatal/non-fatal suicide attempt (Linear Wald = 7.490, p &lt; 0.01) in patients &lt;60 years of age. U-shaped associations between total cholesterol levels and 1-year follow-up suicidal outcomes (increased suicidal severity, Quadratic Wald = 6.299, p &lt; 0.05; fatal/non-fatal suicide attempt, Quadratic Wald = 5.697, p &lt; 0.05) were observed in patients ≥60 years of age.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that differential consideration of serum total cholesterol levels according to age group may have clinical utility for predicting suicidality in patients with depressive disorders. However, because our research participants came from a single-hospital, the generalizability of our findings may be limited.
School-based mental health promotion: A global policy review
Authors: Margaretha Margaretha , Azzopardi Peter Sebastian , Fisher Jane , Sawyer Susan Margaret 
Published: April 2023

ObjectivesSchools are increasingly recognized as important settings for mental health promotion, but it is unclear what actions schools should prioritize to promote student mental health and wellbeing. We undertook a policy review of global school-based mental health promotion policy documents from United Nations (UN) agencies to understand the frameworks they use and the actions they recommend for schools.MethodsWe searched for guidelines and manuals from UN agencies through the World Health Organization (WHO) library, the National Library of Australia and Google Scholar, from 2000 to 2021, using various combinations of search terms (e.g., mental health, wellbeing, psychosocial, health, school, framework, manual, and guidelines). Textual data synthesis was undertaken.ResultsSixteen documents met inclusion criteria. UN policy documents commonly recommended a comprehensive school-health framework aimed at integrating actions to prevent, promote, and support mental health problems within the school community. The primary role of schools was framed around building enabling contexts for mental health and wellbeing. Terminology was relatively inconsistent across different guidelines and manuals, particularly around how comprehensive school health was conceptualized, which included aspects of scope, focus, and approach.ConclusionUnited Nations policy documents are oriented toward comprehensive school-health frameworks for student mental health and wellbeing that include mental health within wider health-promoting approaches. There are expectations that schools have the capabilities to deliver actions to prevent, promote and support mental health problems.ImplicationEffective implementation of school-based mental health promotion requires investments that facilitate specific actions from governments, schools, families, and communities.
Predictors of support for anti-weight discrimination policies among Canadian adults
Authors: Levy Matthew , Forouhar Vida , Edache Iyoma Y. , Alberga Angela S. 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionWeight discrimination of individuals with overweight or obesity is associated with adverse mental and physical health. Weight discrimination is prevalent in many sectors such as within workplaces, where individuals with overweight and obesity are denied the same opportunities as individuals with lower weight status, regardless of performance or experience. The purpose of this study was to understand the Canadian public's support or opposition of anti-weight discrimination policies and predictors of support. It was hypothesized that Canadians will show support of anti-weight discrimination policies to some extent.MethodsA secondary analysis was conducted on a previous cross-sectional sample of Canadian adults (N = 923, 50.76% women, 74.4% White) who responded to an online survey assessing weight bias and support of twelve anti-weight discrimination policies related to societal policies (e.g., implementing laws preventing weight discrimination) and employment-related policies (e.g., making it illegal to not hire someone due to their weight). Participants completed the Causes of Obesity Questionnaire (COB), the Anti-Fat Attitudes Questionnaire (AFA) and the Modified Weight Bias Internalization Scale (WBIS-M). Multiple logistic regressions were used to determine predictors of policy support.ResultsSupport for policies ranged from 31.3% to 76.9%, with employment anti-discrimination policies obtaining greater support than societal policies. Identifying as White and a woman, being over the age of 45 and having a higher BMI were associated with an increased likelihood of supporting anti-weight discrimination policies. There were no differences between the level of support associated with attributing obesity to behavioral or non-behavioral causes. Explicit weight bias was associated with a reduced likelihood of supporting 8/12 policies. Weight Bias Internalization was associated with an increased likelihood of supporting all societal policies but none of the employment policies.ConclusionsSupport for anti-weight discrimination policies exists among Canadian adults, and explicit weight bias is associated with a lower likelihood of supporting these policies. These results highlight the need for education on the prevalence and perils of weight discrimination which may urge policy makers to consider weight bias as a form of discrimination that must be addressed. More research on potential implementation of anti-weight discrimination policies in Canada is warranted.
The work of Chinese chronic conditions: adaptation and validation of the Distribution of Co-Care Activities Scale
Authors: Zhou Mingyue , Liu Mingxin , Lu Qi , Hou Bailing , Yuan Yue , Pan Sien , Zhang Huijun 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThe Distribution of Co-Care Activities Scale was adapted into Chinese for the purposes of this study, and then the psychometric characteristics of the Chinese version of the DoCCA scale were confirmed in chronic conditions.MethodsA total of 434 patients with chronic diseases were recruited from three Chinese cities. A cross-cultural adaptation procedure was used to translate the Distribution of Co-Care Activities Scale into Chinese. Cronbach's alpha coefficient, split-half reliability, and test-retest reliability were used to verify the scale's reliability. Content validity indices, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis were used to confirm the scale's validity.ResultsThe Chinese DoCCA scale includes five domains: demands, unnecessary tasks, role clarity, needs support, and goal orientation. The S-CVI was 0.964. Exploratory factor analysis yielded a five-factor structure that explained 74.952% of the total variance. According to the confirmatory factor analysis results, the fit indices were within the range of the reference values. Convergent and discriminant validity both met the criteria. Also, the scale's Cronbach's alpha coefficient is 0.936, and the five dimensions' values range from 0.818 to 0.909. The split-half reliability was 0.848, and the test-retest reliability was 0.832.ConclusionsThe Chinese version of the Distribution of Co-Care Activities Scale had high levels of validity and reliability for chronic conditions. The scale can assess how patients with chronic diseases feel about their service of care and provide data to optimize their personalized chronic disease self-management strategies.
Is first pregnancy age associated with hypertension in the Chinese rural women population?
Authors: Du Zhen , Wu Xueyan , Liao Wei , Hu Ze , Yang Jing , Dong Xiaokang , Zhao Hongfei , Liu Xiaotian , Wang Chongjian , Zhao Bing 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between first pregnancy age and hypertension later in the life of women from Chinese rural areas.MethodsIn total, 13,493 women were enrolled in the Henan Rural Cohort study. Logistic regression and linear regression were used to evaluate the association between first pregnancy age and hypertension and blood pressure indicators [including systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP)]. The restricted cubic spline was used to examine the dose–response relationship between the first pregnancy age and hypertension or blood pressure indicators.ResultsAfter adjusting for potential confounders, each 1-year increase in first pregnancy age was associated with a 0.221 mmHg increase in SBP values, a 0.153 mmHg increase in DBP values, and a 0.176 mmHg decrease in MAP values (all P &lt; 0.05). The β of SBP, DBP, and MAP showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with increasing first pregnancy age and there was no statistical significance after first pregnancy age beyond 33 years on SBP, DBP, and MAP, respectively. A 1-year increment in first pregnancy age was associated with a 2.9% [OR (95% CI): 1.029 (1.010, 1.048)] higher odds of prevalent hypertension. The odds of hypertension increased sharply and then eventually leveled off with an increment of first pregnancy age after adjusting for potential confounders.ConclusionFirst pregnancy age might increase the risk of hypertension later in life and might be an independent risk factor for hypertension in women.
Comparative analysis of prevention and control measures toward COVID-19 epidemic between Shanghai and Beijing
Authors: Meng Yueli , Wang Xi , Dong Pei , Yang Yujie , Wang Kun , Yan Xiaoling , Hu Guangyu , Mao Ayan , Qiu Wuqi 
Published: April 2023

PurposeBy serving and providing a guide for other regional places, this study aims to advance and guide the epidemic prevention and control methods, and practices and strengthen people’s ability to respond to COVID-19 and other future potential public health risks.Design/methodology/approachA comparative analysis was conducted that the COVID-19 epidemic development trend and prevention and control effects both in Beijing and Shanghai. In fact, regarding the COVID-19 policy and strategic areas, the differences between governmental, social, and professional management were discussed and explored. To prevent and be ready for potential pandemics, experience and knowledge were used and summarized.FindingsThe strong attack of the Omicron variant in early 2022 has posed challenges to epidemic prevention and control practices in many Chinese cities. Shanghai, which had achieved relatively good performance in the fight against the epidemic, has exposed limitations in its epidemic prevention and control system in the face of Omicron. In fact, the city of Beijing has undertaken prompt and severe lockdown measures and achieved rather good results in epidemic prevention and control because of learning from Shanghai’s experience and lessons; adhering to the overall concept of “dynamic clearing,” implementing precise prevention and monitoring, enhancing community control, and making emergency plans and preparations. All these actions and measures are still essential in the shift from pandemic response to pandemic control.Research limitations/implicationsDifferent places have introduced different urgent policies to control the spread of the pandemic. Strategies to control COVID-19 have often been based on preliminary and limited data and have tended to be slow to evolve as new evidence emerges. Hence, the effects of these anti-epidemic policies need to be further tested.
Government health expenditures and health outcome nexus: a study on OECD countries
Authors: Anwar Asim , Hyder Shabir , Mohamed Nor Norashidah , Younis Mustafa 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionThe consistent increase in health expenditures is an integral part of health policy. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of health expenditures on health outcomes in the OECD countries.MethodWe used the system generalized method of moments (GMM) for thirty eight OECD countries using panel data from 1996 to 2020.Results and discussionThe findings show that health expenditures have a negative impact on infant mortality while positive on life expectancy. The results further verify that the income measured as GDP, number of doctors, and air pollution has a negative effect on infant mortality, while these variables have a positive effect on life expectancy in the studied countries. The outcome of the study suggests that health expenditures need to be properly utilized and improvements can be made in the health policies to increase the investment in health technology. The government should also focus on measures like economic and environmental to have long-lasting health outcomes.
Physical activity's impact on rural older adult health: The multiple mediating effects of education, income, and psychological capital
Authors: Sun Yujin 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionThis study aims to explore the influence mechanism of rural older adult health. By examining the mediating roles of education, income, and psychological capital in physical activity's impact on health, this study provides a reference for lifestyle interventions to improve the health level of rural older adults.MethodsThe analysis was conducted on a sample of 1778 rural older adults from CGSS2017, and data were analyzed using PROCESS V4.2 for multiple mediating effects.ResultsThe findings indicate that physical activity impacts rural older adult health through multiple mediating pathways. The mediating role includes seven paths, comprising the independent effects of three mediating variables of income, education, and psychological capital, and the chain mediating effects generated together.DiscussionBased on the influence mechanism of health on rural older adults, optimizing policy focus and developing a precise, interconnected, and sustainable health security system for older adults is necessary. These research results are of practical significance for advancing healthy aging in rural areas.
On the risks of secure attachment in infancy: Childhood irritability and adolescent depression predicted by secure attachment and high approach behaviours at 14-months towards a caregiver living with inter-parental violence
Authors: Hill Jonathan , Wright Nicky , Sharp Helen , Pickles Andrew , Steele Howard 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionThe secure infant turns to a caregiver for comfort when distressed or threatened. Does this level of openness create vulnerability where the caregiver is unsupportive or aggressive? In this study we examined prospectively whether secure attachment in infancy, and approach behaviours on reunion with a parent, were associated with childhood emotional dysregulation (irritability) and adolescent depression among children exposed to inter-parental violence.MethodsWe followed 219 families recruited from the general population during pregnancy (members of the Wirral Child Health and Development Study; WCHADS), with attachment assessments (Strange Situation Procedure; SSP) at 14 months, maternal interviews about inter-parental violence at 2.5, 5 and 7 years, and parent and teacher rated irritability at 9 years (CBCL). At age 13 years, 199 young people rated their levels of depression (SMFQ). In addition to the standard SSP classification, a latent variable reflecting approach behaviours during reunions was generated from the SSP dimensional scores and a factor score extracted. Analyses used path analysis using the gsem command in Stata.ResultsThere were interactions between attachment security and inter-parental violence for age 9 irritability (p = .084) and age 13 depression (p = .039) which arose from greater levels of psychopathology among secure children exposed to inter-parental violence. Similarly, higher approach behaviours during SSP reunions among children exposed to inter-parental violence were associated with irritability (interaction term p = .004) and depression (interaction term p &lt; .001). Among children who were not exposed to partner violence higher approach behaviours in the SSP were associated with lower irritability and depression.ConclusionInfant behaviours characteristic of attachment security in the Strange Situation Procedure may not equip children to deal with exposure to inter-parental violence and associated parental negativity.
The Faraday Effect Tracker of Coronal and Heliospheric Structures (FETCH) instrument
Authors: Jensen Elizabeth A. , Gopalswamy Nat , Wilson Lynn B. , Jian Lan K. , Fung Shing F. , Nieves-Chinchilla Teresa , Shelton Marta , Li Lihua , Deshpande Manohar , Purves Lloyd , Lazio Joseph , Manchester Ward B. , Wood Brian E. , Kooi Jason E. , Wexler David B. , Bale Stuart , Pevtsov Alexei , Jackson Bernard V. , Kenny Megan N. 
Published: April 2023

There continue to be open questions regarding the solar wind and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). For example: how do magnetic fields within CMEs and corotating/stream interaction regions (CIRs/SIRs) evolve in the inner heliosphere? What is the radially distributed magnetic profile of shock-driving CMEs? What is the internal magnetic structure of CMEs that cause magnetic storms? It is clear that these questions involve the magnetic configurations of solar wind and transient interplanetary plasma structures, for which we have limited knowledge. In order to better understand the origin of the magnetic field variability in steady-state structures and transient events, it is necessary to probe the magnetic field in Earth-directed structures/disturbances. This is the goal of the Multiview Observatory for Solar Terrestrial Science (MOST) mission (Gopalswamy et al., 2022). For MOST to answer the aforementioned questions, we propose the instrument concept of the Faraday Effect Tracker of Coronal and Heliospheric structures (FETCH), a simultaneous quad-line-of-sight polarization radio remote-sensing instrument. With FETCH, spacecraft radio beams passing through the Sun–Earth line offer the possibility of obtaining information of plasma conditions via analysis of radio propagation effects such as Faraday rotation and wave dispersion, which provide information of the magnetic field and total electron content (TEC). This is the goal of the FETCH instrument, one of ten instruments proposed to be hosted on the MOST mission. The MOST mission will provide an unprecedented opportunity to achieve NASA’s heliophysics science goal to “explore and characterize the physical processes in the space environment from the Sun” (Gopalswamy et al., 2022).
Classification in Para skiing: do better performing skiers have better visual functions?
Authors: Stalin Amritha , Dalton Kristine 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionCurrently, Paralympic skiers with vision impairment are allocated to classes based only on their better eye static visual acuity and visual field diameter. These studies were conducted to investigate whether a broad range of visual functions were different among groups of skiers with different levels of skiing performance.MethodsStatic and dynamic visual acuities, contrast sensitivity, light and glare sensitivity, glare recovery, motion perception, and visual field were assessed binocularly in elite Para nordic (n = 26) and Para alpine skiers (n = 15) at 3 international Paralympic events. Skiing performances were calculated using modified skiing points systems based on skiers' raw race times. Clusters of skiers with similar performances were identified in each sport, and their vision and non-vision variables were compared.ResultsSkiers in the best performing Para nordic clusters (1 and 2) had better static visual acuities (p = 0.041) and larger visual fields (p = 0.004) compared to cluster 3. In Para alpine slalom (p = 0.019), giant slalom (p = 0.019), and Super-G (p = 0.039) the average static visual acuities among the better performing clusters were significantly better compared to the worst performing cluster. In slalom, the cluster with better performance also had a significantly larger visual field (p = 0.038). In downhill, the better performance cluster demonstrated better dynamic visual acuity (p = 0.029).DiscussionClusters with better performing skiers appear to have better visual function in both sports. The results of this study would suggest that Para nordic and Para alpine skiers with light perception or no light perception vision should be in one class and that the skiers with quantifiable static VA should be in a different class.