bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolution of a five-hole probe calibration near a wall
Authors: Vasseur Adrien , Binder Nicolas , Fontaneto Fabrizio , Champion Jean-Louis 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Five-hole probes (5HP) are a common tool for measurements of the velocity in turbomachinery studies. In those applications, the spaces are confined, which drives the probes to get close to walls. The proximity of the wall affects the behavior of the 5HP. The wall-related evolution of the calibration of two hemispheric L-shaped 3D printed five-hole probes is investigated in a low speed wind tunnel. 2D Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and pressure measurements were carried out. The wall proximity causes the probe to measure that the flow goes away from the wall whereas the boundary layer causes the probe to feel that the flow direction is towards the wall.
Characterizing Atlantic interhemispheric teleconnection established by South American monsoon in austral summer
Authors: Tseng Wan-Ling , Lee Yu-Chi , Wang Yi-Chi , Hsu Huang-Hsiung , Keenlyside Noel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study aims to characterize the interhemispheric teleconnection pattern, which is established by the South America (SA) summer monsoon over the Atlantic Ocean during January and February, and referred it as the Atlantic symmetric pattern (ASP). The ASP is characterized using the leading mode of interannual sea surface temperature (SST) variability of the Southwest Atlantic Ocean, where strong convection-SST coupling occurs. The pattern is manifested as two anomalous cyclonic-anticyclonic-cyclonic circulation trains aligned meridionally over the Atlantic Ocean, with a distinct SST dipole of the Southwest Atlantic Ocean and a tripole of the North Atlantic Ocean. The interhemispheric wave trains of the ASP are excited as a Gill-type response to convective activity in the SA summer monsoon, as confirmed in linear baroclinic model. Complementing previous studies on observed interhemispheric connection in the Atlantic, our findings highlight the importance of characterizing the ASP and its role in linking the South Atlantic SST, the SA summer monsoon, and North Atlantic climate. Further research is warranted to explore the impacts of the ASP on the Northern Hemisphere and its interactions with other climatic modes.
Enzymatic and catalytic behaviour of low-dimensional gold nanomaterials in modular nano-composite hydrogels
Authors: Newham George , Fox Joseph , Moorcroft Samuel C T , Evans Stephen D 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Inorganic nanoparticles have long been applied as catalysts and nanozymes with exceptional rate constants arising from their large surface areas. While it is understood that high surface area-to-volume ratios and low average atomic coordination are responsible for their exceptional catalytic properties, these facets remain under exploited in the design of gold nanoparticle catalysts and nanozymes. Here we have developed 3D, 2D, and quasi-1D gold nanoparticles for use as catalysts in reducing 4-nitrophenol by sodium borohydride. Each morphology was characterised with transmission electron microscopy and UV–vis absorption spectroscopy, while the highest catalytic activity was achieved when the perimeter-to-surface area, or amount of ‘edge’, was maximised. The particles were then applied as nanozymes in modular nano-composite hydrogels. Independent hydrogel tiles containing either the substrate or catalyst were bonded in stacks, which allowed reagent transport across their interface for the colourimetric detection of hydrogen peroxide. This work presents novel insight into the catalytic activity of low-dimension nanoparticles and their potential application in nanozyme-based diagnostic devices.
A comparative study of machine learning methods for classifying ERP scalp distribution
Authors: Salehzadeh Roya , Soylu Firat , Jalili Nader 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective. Machine learning (ML) methods are used in different fields for classification and regression purposes with different applications. These methods are also used with various non-invasive brain signals, including Electroencephalography (EEG) signals to detect some patterns in the brain signals. ML methods are considered critical tools for EEG analysis since could overcome some of the limitations in the traditional methods of EEG analysis such as Event-related potentials (ERPs) analysis. The goal of this paper was to apply ML classification methods on ERP scalp distribution to investigate the performance of these methods in identifying numerical information carried in different finger-numeral configurations (FNCs). FNCs in their three forms of montring, counting, and non-canonical counting are used for communication, counting, and doing arithmetic across the world between children and even adults. Studies have shown the relationship between perceptual and semantic processing of FNCs, and neural differences in visually identifying different types of FNCs. Approach. A publicly available 32-channel EEG dataset recorded for 38 participants while they were shown a picture of an FNC (i.e., three categories and four numbers of 1,2,3, and 4) was used. EEG data were pre-processed and ERP scalp distribution of different FNCs was classified across time by six ML methods, including support vector machine, linear discriminant analysis, naïve Bayes, decision tree, K-nearest neighbor, and neural network. The classification was conducted in two conditions: classifying all FNCs together (i.e., 12 classes) and classifying FNCs of each category separately (i.e., 4 classes). Results. The support vector machine had the highest classification accuracy for both conditions. For classifying all FNCs together, the K-nearest neighbor was the next in line; however, the neural network could retrieve numerical information from the FNCs for category-specific classification. Significance. The significance of this study is in exploring the application of multiple ML methods in recognizing numerical information contained in ERP scalp distribution of different finger-numeral configurations.
Sorption-enhanced steam reforming of toluene using multifunctional perovskite phase transition sorbents in a chemical looping scheme
Authors: Brody Leo , Rukh Mahe , Cai Runxia , Saberi Bosari Azin , Schomäcker Reinhard , Li Fanxing 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Sorption-enhanced steam reforming (SESR) of toluene (SESRT) using catalytic CO2 sorbents is a promising route to convert the aromatic tar byproducts formed in lignocellulosic biomass gasification into hydrogen (H2) or H2-rich syngas. Commonly used sorbents such as CaO are effective in capturing CO2 initially but are prone to lose their sorption capacity over repeated cycles due to sintering at high temperatures. Herein, we present a demonstration of SESRT using A- and B-site doped Sr1−x
A’
x
Fe1−y
B’
y
O3−δ
(A’ = Ba, Ca; B’ = Co) perovskites in a chemical looping scheme. We found that surface impregnation of 5–10 mol% Ni on the perovskite was effective in improving toluene conversion. However, upon cycling, the impregnated Ni tends to migrate into the bulk and lose activity. This prompted the adoption of a dual bed configuration using a pre-bed of NiO/γ–Al2O3 catalyst upstream of the sorbent. A comparison is made between isothermal operation and a more traditional temperature-swing mode, where for the latter, an average sorption capacity of ∼38% was witnessed over five SESR cycles with H2-rich product syngas evidenced by a ratio of H2: CO
x
> 4.0. XRD analysis of fresh and cycled samples of Sr0.25Ba0.75Fe0.375Co0.625O3-δ
reveal that this material is an effective phase transition sorbent—capable of cyclically capturing and releasing CO2 without irreversible phase changes occurring.
Optical properties of twisted bilayer graphene with magnetic defects
Authors: Natalin Nikita V , Kundelev Evgeny V , Rukhlenko Ivan D , Tepliakov Nikita V 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Even when fabricated under ideal conditions twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) inevitably contains various defects which may significantly affect its physical properties. Here we comprehensively analyze the impact of typical point defects, represented by adsorbed hydrogen atoms, on the electronic and optical properties of TBG. It is shown using self-consistent tight-binding Hamiltonians that such point defects make TBG ferromagnetic, and that its ground state comprises a pair of nearly dispersionless spin-polarized energy bands around the Fermi level. Transitions to and from these bands strongly modify the infrared absorption of TBG and result in a sharp low-energy peak in its spectrum. It is also revealed that the adsorption of hydrogen atoms suppresses the circular dichroism of TBG due to the weakening of the electronic coupling between the graphene layers. Our findings will guide future experimental studies on the optical properties of TBG in realistic, impurity-rich environments.
A 3-layered feedforward back-propagation ANN-based SVPWM control for neutral point clamped converter for PV grid integration
Authors: Singh S P , Husain Mohammed Aslam , Minai Ahmad Faiz , Bakhsh Farhad Illahi , Ansari Akhtar Saleem , Khan Ahmad Neyaz , Pandey Yudhishthir 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Most of the power electronic converters based on the devices such as Silicon Controlled Rectifiers (SCRs) have been broadly utilized in home, business, and modern use in recent years. Despite their many benefits, these power electronic converters have major issues such as pulling harmonic current and the reactive part of the current from the supply, as well as having a highly nonlinear characteristic. The harmonics produced by the current supplied by these nonlinear elements cause voltage distortion at the common coupling point, which is causing problems for the functioning of number of sensitive instruments and other consumer appliances. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) are a type of Artificial Intelligence (AI) approach that has been applied to improve the efficiency and regulation of the converter. In order to avoid the need for a Digital Signal Processors (DSP) by avoiding the online timing computations for various voltage space vectors in various regions and sectors and produce higher pulse resolution, an ANN-based space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technique is proposed in this paper. The analysis of a 3-layered feedforward back propagation ANN algorithm based SVPWM control for NPC converter used to integrate PV source to grid has been evaluated and found to be better as compared to traditional techniques.
MeGen - generation of gallium metal clusters using reinforcement learning
Authors: Modee Rohit , Verma Ashwini , Joshi Kavita , Deva Priyakumar U 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The generation of low-energy 3D structures of metal clusters depends on the efficiency of the search algorithm and the accuracy of inter-atomic interaction description. In this work, we formulate the search algorithm as a reinforcement learning (RL) problem. Concisely, we propose a novel actor-critic architecture that generates low-lying isomers of metal clusters at a fraction of computational cost than conventional methods. Our RL-based search algorithm uses a previously developed DART model as a reward function to describe the inter-atomic interactions to validate predicted structures. Using the DART model as a reward function incentivizes the RL model to generate low-energy structures and helps generate valid structures. We demonstrate the advantages of our approach over conventional methods for scanning local minima on potential energy surface. Our approach not only generates isomer of gallium clusters at a minimal computational cost but also predicts isomer families that were not discovered through previous density-functional theory (DFT)-based approaches.
Simulating the filament morphology in electrochemical metallization cells
Authors: Buttberg Milan , Valov Ilia , Menzel Stephan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Electrochemical metallization (ECM) cells are based on the principle of voltage controlled formation or dissolution of a nanometer-thin metallic conductive filament (CF) between two electrodes separated by an insulating material, e.g. an oxide. The lifetime of the CF depends on factors such as materials and biasing. Depending on the lifetime of the CF—from microseconds to years—ECM cells show promising properties for use in neuromorphic circuits, for in-memory computing, or as selectors and memory cells in storage applications. For enabling those technologies with ECM cells, the lifetime of the CF has to be controlled. As various authors connect the lifetime with the morphology of the CF, the key parameters for CF formation have to be identified. In this work, we present a 2D axisymmetric physical continuum model that describes the kinetics of volatile and non-volatile ECM cells, as well as the morphology of the CF. It is shown that the morphology depends on both the amplitude of the applied voltage signal and CF-growth induced mechanical stress within the oxide layer. The model is validated with previously published kinetic measurements of non-volatile Ag/SiO2/Pt and volatile Ag/HfO2/Pt cells and the simulated CF morphologies are consistent with previous experimental CF observations.
Remembering to Resume: A Randomized Trial Comparing Combined Interruption Management Training and Simulation-Based Education to Simulation-Based Education Alone
Authors: Hill Peggy P. , Díaz Desiree A. , Anderson Mindi , Talbert Steven , Maraj Crystal 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

AIM
This study aimed to determine if purposeful presimulation interruption management training impacts cognitive load and successful completion of simulation objectives more than the experience alone.

BACKGROUND
Practicing nurses are frequently interrupted, increasing the risk for error and task time. Novices are particularly vulnerable to interruption consequences.

METHOD
A between-subjects design and block randomization of prelicensure baccalaureate nursing students (n = 146) was used to compare group differences in cognitive load, use of interruption management strategies, and completion of simulation required elements. Potential relationships between outcomes and age, mindfulness, and experience were explored.

RESULTS
An analysis of covariance demonstrated significantly lower perceived mental demand for those receiving training. Older learners and those receiving training implemented more interruption management strategies.

CONCLUSION
Combining simulation-based education (SBE) with purposeful training enhances interruption management more than SBE alone. Frequent interruption training and SBE are recommended to enhance risk awareness.
Prescribe to Save Lives: An Intervention to Increase Naloxone Prescribing Among HIV Clinicians
Authors: Friedmann Peter D. , Jawa Raagini , Wilson Donna , Ramsey Susan E. , Hoskinson Randall , McKenzie Michelle , Walley Alexander Y. , Green Traci C. , Bratberg Jeffrey , Rich Josiah D. 
Published: June 2023

Objectives
Overdose is a major cause of preventable death among persons living with HIV. This study aimed to increase HIV clinicians' naloxone prescribing, which can reduce overdose mortality.

Methods
We enrolled 22 Ryan White–funded HIV practices and implemented onsite, peer-to-peer training, posttraining academic detailing, and pharmacy peer-to-peer contact around naloxone prescribing in a nonrandomized stepped wedge design. Human immunodeficiency virus clinicians completed surveys to assess attitudes toward prescribing naloxone at preintervention and 6 and 12 months postintervention. Aggregated electronic health record data measured the number of patients with HIV prescribed and the number of HIV clinicians prescribing naloxone by site over the study period. Models controlled for calendar time and clustering of repeated measures among individuals and sites.

Results
Of 122 clinicians, 119 (98%) completed a baseline survey, 111 (91%) a 6-month survey, and 93 (76%) a 12-month survey. The intervention was associated with increases in self-reported “high likelihood” to prescribe naloxone (odds ratio [OR], 4.1 [1.7-9.4]; P = 0.001). Of 22 sites, 18 (82%) provided usable electronic health record data that demonstrated a postintervention increase in the total number of clinicians who prescribed naloxone (incidence rate ratio, 2.9 [1.1-7.6]; P = 0.03) and no significant effects on sites having at least one clinician who prescribed naloxone (OR, 4.1 [0.7-23.8]; P = 0.11). The overall proportion of all HIV patients prescribed naloxone modestly increased from 0.97% to 1.6% (OR, 2.2 [0.7-6.8]; P = 0.16).

Conclusion
On-site, practice-based, peer-to-peer training with posttraining academic detailing was a modestly effective strategy to increase HIV clinicians' prescribing of naloxone.
Radiologic Changes After 10 Years Postreduction in Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip Treated With Different Reduction Methods and Risk Factors for Osteoarthritis
Authors: Tomaru Yohei , Kamegaya Makoto , Saisu Takashi , Oikawa Yasuhiro , Kakizaki Jun , Segawa Yuko , Tsukagoshi Yuta , Kamada Hiroshi , Yamazaki Masashi 
Published: June 2023

Background:
This study examined how radiologic indices at 10 years postreduction change over time and influence the final outcome through a comparative study of 3 reduction methods for developmental dysplasia of the hip, including the Pavlik harness, closed reduction, and open reduction (OR).

Methods:
Patients treated from 1990 to 2000 for dysplasia of the hip and followed up for >20 years were included in this study. Radiologic indices at 10 years postreduction and final follow-up (average 24 years postreduction) were measured in the 3 groups. The relative joint space of <66% compared with the healthy side was defined as positive osteoarthritis (OA) at the final follow-up. The relationship between OA and factors such as age, sex, method of reduction, radiologic indices, and Severin and Kalamchi classifications at 10 years postreduction were examined. Clinical evaluation was performed using the modified Harris Hip Score; a score of ≥80 was defined as good performance at the final follow-up.

Results:
Sixty-five patients (totaling 74 hips) were included. There were no significant differences in radiologic indices between the 10-year postreduction time and final follow-up. Excluding 9 bilateral patients, based on the relative joint space, 21% of the patients (13/56 hips), were positive for OA. Univariate analysis showed that the incidence of positive OA was significantly associated with OR and Kalamchi grade 4 at 10 years postreduction. The modified Harris Hip Score was 80 or higher in 90% of the cases at the final follow-up.

Conclusions:
No significant changes in hip morphology were observed at 10 years postreduction. The Kalamchi classification at 10 years postreduction and OR were significantly associated with the incidence of OA at the final follow-up. Therefore, patients who undergo OR and/or display Kalamchi grade 4 have a high risk of developing OA and would require individual instructions for their daily lives to prevent further progression of OA and longer follow-up.

Level of Evidence:
Level Ⅲ—case-control study.
Functional Recovery After Lung Transplantation Using a Comprehensive Rehabilitation Model
Authors: DiPerna Christen L. , Tucker Lindsay K. , Rice Danielle E. , Shank Cori L. , Kettler Abigail J. , Terry Colin L. , Ulerich Linda M. , Roe David W. , Hage Chadi A. 
Published: June 2023

Purpose:
Functional recovery after lung transplant is crucial to long-term outcomes. Despite rehabilitation, few reach the threshold of healthy function. The purpose of this study was to assess the potential benefit of rehabilitation in the Center of Life for Thoracic Transplant (COLTT) program by (1) measuring time to functional recovery, (2) identifying factors associated with functional recovery, (3) examining program outcomes, and (4) examining COLTT impact on unplanned hospital readmission.

Methods:
The study retrospectively examined 105 patients in COLTT after hospital discharge. Functional measures collected at enrollment and completion included 6-minute walk distance, walking speed, 1-minute sit-to-stand test, and single-leg stance. Demographic and hospital stay data were examined for associations between time to achieve COLTT goals and readmissions.

Results:
The median number of visits in COLTT was 18 (9–53). Significant functional gains were made across all outcome measures and near thresholds for healthy individuals. Age, hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS), lung disease type, and ventilation time were significantly associated with COLTT visits. The 30-day hospital readmission free rate after hospital discharge was 71.4%.

Conclusions:
Healthy adult functional outcomes were achieved in 18 visits. Age, hospital and ICU LOS, lung disease type, and prolonged ventilation are associated with functional recovery.
Improving On-time Administration of the Initial Hepatitis B Vaccine in the NICU
Authors: Gontasz Michelle M. , Chalk Bethany S. , Liang Caroline 
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
Despite the updated American Academy of Pediatrics recommendation for universal administration of the hepatitis B vaccine for newborns, delays in routine prophylaxis are common in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Delayed immunization can increase perinatal acquisition risks and lead to subsequent delays in routine childhood immunization. This study aimed to increase the on-time administration of the birth dose of the hepatitis B vaccine from 46% to ≥70% at a level III and level IV NICU within the same health system.

Methods:
The stakeholder group developed project interventions using quality improvement methods, including implementing unit guidelines and a prompt in the progress note template. The outcome measure was the percent on-time administration of the initial hepatitis B vaccine for inborn NICU patients born to hepatitis B-negative mothers. The process measure was the percent on-time administration or a valid reason to delay immunization following the guidelines. Statistical process control P-charts graphically represented the measures to assess for change from January 2019 to May 2021.

Results:
In total, 2192 patients were included. The percent on-time administration improved from 48% to 57%. The percentage of on-time administration or valid reason to delay increased from 76% to 80%.

Conclusions:
Quality improvement methodology facilitated the identification of barriers to on-time hepatitis B prophylaxis in the NICU and the improvement of the timeliness of administration across 2 sites. Guidelines tailored to this population and changes to the progress note template successfully created and sustained change and may benefit other NICUs.