bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying non‐adult attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder individuals using a stacked machine learning algorithm using administrative data population registers in a universal healthcare system
Authors: Roche David , Mora Toni , Cid Jordi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis research project aims to build a Machine Learning algorithm (ML) to predict first‐time ADHD diagnosis, given that it is the most frequent mental disorder for the non‐adult population.MethodsWe used a stacked model combining 4 ML approaches to predict the presence of ADHD. The dataset contains data from population health care administrative registers in Catalonia comprising 1,225,406 non‐adult individuals for 2013–2017, linked to socioeconomic characteristics and dispensed drug consumption. We defined a measure of proper ADHD diagnoses based on medical factors.ResultsWe obtained an AUC of 79.6% with the stacked model. Significant variables that explain the ADHD presence are the dispersion across patients' visits to healthcare providers; the number of visits, diagnoses related to other mental disorders and drug consumption; age, and sex.ConclusionsML techniques can help predict ADHD early diagnosis using administrative registers. We must continuously investigate the potential use of ADHD early detection strategies and intervention in the health system.
Association of ulcerative colitis, celiac disease, primary sclerosing cholangitis and liver cirrhosis in a young male
Authors: Alkhaledi Ahmad N. , Jadaan Isra , Sharfo Mohamad Zaher , Faysal Tala , Abdallah Yazane , Alhaj Ali Ahmad 
Published: September 2023

AbstractInflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including ulcerative colitis, are chronic autoimmune conditions characterized by inflammation of the digestive system. The exact cause of IBD is unknown, but they often start during adolescence or early adulthood with symptoms such as urgency, rectal bleeding, diarrhea, abdominal pain and tenesmus. Primary sclerosing cholangitis and autoimmune hepatitis are recognized as co‐occurring conditions associated with ulcerative colitis. However, the combination of ulcerative colitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, liver cirrhosis, and celiac disease occurring concurrently has only been reported once before in a female patient. Here, we present the exceptional case of a Syrian adult male with all four of these conditions. This highlights the importance of screening for both celiac disease and cirrhosis in patients with ulcerative colitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis together, despite this combination of comorbidities is rare.
An in vitro dynamic bioreactor model for evaluating antimicrobial effectiveness on periodontal polymicrobial biofilms: a proof‐of‐concept study
Authors: Ramachandra Srinivas Sulugodu , Sime Fekade Bruck , Naicker Saiyuri , Han Pingping , Lee Ryan SB , C. Wallis Steven , Roberts Jason A. , Ivanovski Sašo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate an in vitro dynamic bioreactor model by evaluating the antimicrobial effect of clinically relevant amoxicillin doses on polymicrobial microcosm biofilms derived from subgingival plaque.MethodsBiofilms from pooled subgingival plaque were grown for 108 hours in control and experimental dynamic biofilm reactors. Amoxicillin was subsequently infused into the experimental reactor to simulate the pharmacokinetic profile of a standard 500 mg thrice‐daily dosing regimen over 5 days and biofilms were assessed by live/dead staining, scanning electron microscopy, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction.ResultsFollowing establishment of the oral microcosm biofilms, confocal imaging analysis showed a significant increase in dead bacteria at 8 hours (p = 0.0095), 48 hours (p = 0.0070), 96 hours (p = 0.0140), and 120 hours (p < 0.0001) in the amoxicillin‐treated biofilms compared to the control biofilms. Nevertheless, viable bacteria remained in the center of the biofilm at all timepoints. Significant reductions/elimination in Campylobacter rectus, Tannerella forsythia, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius was observed among the amoxicillin‐treated biofilms at the 96 and 120 hour timepoints.ConclusionA novel in vitro dynamic model of oral microcosm biofilms was effective in modeling the antimicrobial effect of a pharmacokinetically simulated clinically relevant dose of amoxicillin.
Entrepreneurial responses to Covid‐19: The use of digital brand marketing events in the craft alcohol sector
Authors: Williams Alistair , Atwal Glyn , Bryson Douglas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe wide‐ranging implications following the Covid‐19 pandemic have necessitated research into innovative entrepreneurial responses. The research study incorporates the concept of branded marketing events (BMEs) and considers their effectiveness in craft alcohol digital marketing. An exploratory qualitative study was conducted in Charlotte, North Carolina, and focused on the entrepreneurial responses of craft alcohol producers. Findings indicate that the inter‐relationships between the experiential components adapted to a digital environment enhance the engagement consumers experience with craft alcohol producers. The responses of craft alcohol producers to the impact of the Covid‐19 pandemic provide valuable insights into strategies employed during times when traditional sales and marketing activities face exceptional challenges.
Perceived health benefits of nature‐based tourism: The influences of tourists' involvement, restorative environment and health consciousness
Authors: Zhou Lingxu , Liu Anyu , Wang Lin , Li Ying , Cheng Xiaoyun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study examines the influences of tourists' involvement, perceived restorative environments and health consciousness on their perceived physical, mental and social health benefits. The proposed model was empirically tested using a sample of 595 tourists who travelled to mountain sites after the strict lockdown in China. Tourists' perception of a restorative environment mediates the relationship between their involvement and perceived health benefits. Individual health consciousness positively moderates the effect of the restorative environment on perceived health benefits. This research connects tourist involvement, attention restoration theory and the health and wellness outcomes of nature‐based tourism.
Comparison of Hemodynamics in Jet Ventilation vs. Intermittent Apnea for Airway Stenosis Surgery
Authors: Sax Leah , Sharma Shaan , Benedict Jacob , Guy Kevin , Mandybur Ian , Bittner Michael , Sinacori John , Rubinstein Benjamin 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to assess the impact of two different ventilation techniques, jet ventilation and apneic anesthesia with intermittent ventilation (AAIV), on patient hemodynamics and operative time during endoscopic laryngotracheal stenosis surgery.MethodsRetrospective chart review of patients who underwent airway dilation for laryngotracheal stenosis by a single surgeon at a single institution from October 1, 2000 through January 2, 2020. Logistic regression, Mann–Whitney U tests and chi square analysis were used to determine statistical significance.ResultsA total of 157 patients, 43 (27.4%) male and 114 (72.6%) female, and 605 total encounters were included for analysis. There were no significant differences in hemodynamic outcomes when comparing the AAIV and jet ventilation groups. Specifically, there was no significant difference in either peak end‐tidal CO2 or nadir O2 saturation between the AAIV and jet ventilation groups (p = 0.4016) and (p = 0.1357), respectively. The patients in the AAIV group had a significantly higher median BMI 32.93 (27.40–39.40) compared with 28.80 (24.1–32.65) (p = 0.0001). Although not necessarily clinically significant, patients with higher BMI had lower median O2 nadirs (97.8%) than non‐obese patients (99.2%) (p < 0.0001). The median total procedure time was equivalent when comparing the two ventilation techniques.ConclusionAAIV is a safe method of ventilation for patients undergoing endoscopic laryngotracheal stenosis surgery with no significant differences in patient hemodynamics or procedure time when compared with jet ventilation. AAIV was the preferred method of ventilation for obese patients undergoing endoscopic laryngotracheal stenosis surgery.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 134:1343–1348, 2024
Extended partial laryngectomy with functional preservation using the rotational crico‐thyrotracheopexy
Authors: Rovó László , Szakács László , Castellanos Paul F. , Tóbiás Zoltán , Pfiszterer Péter , Ambrus Andrea , Csanády Miklós , Bach Ádám 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesGlottic tumors with infiltration of the anterior/posterior commissure, and lesions with subglottic, cricoid, or cricoarytenoid joint infiltration have been highly controversial in the past, from the perspective of oncological safety. Although conservation laryngeal resection options exist, most are limited by the extent of resection proscribed by the technique and the postoperative functional results. Oncologically speaking, extended vertical hemilaryngectomy is often the optimal solution. However, limited reconstruction methods often compel total laryngectomy.MethodsEight patients with vocal fold malignancy, which infiltrated the anterior and sometimes the posterior commissure and with subglottic extension and resultant uni/bilateral vocal fold motion impairment, were treated by single stage extended vertical partial laryngectomy with rotational crico‐thyrotracheopexy as a functional reconstruction of the laryngeal framework. Patients were evaluated with objective and subjective function tests.ResultsHistologic examination demonstrated tumor‐free margins in every case. Definitive decannulation was successful in all cases within 2 weeks. All patients had a stable and adequate airway during follow‐up and reported socially acceptable voice. Oral feeding was possible in seven patients.ConclusionRotational crico‐thyrotracheopexy, as a single stage reconstruction technique, is based on well‐vascularized, readily available, appropriately shaped local tissues, without significant donor site morbidity or need for long‐term stenting to reconstruct large laryngeal defects after extended vertical hemilaryngectomy for advanced unilateral glottic tumors and is applicable even with supra/subglottic invasion or infiltration of the contralateral vocal fold. An adequate airway can be achieved with socially acceptable voice and safe swallowing without compromising oncologic reliability.Level of Evidence4 (retrospective case series review).
Research on Improving the Pre‐Oxidation Process of the Excellent Mechanical Strength Carbon Fiber
Authors: Cui Ye , Liu Li‐Zhi , Song Lixin , Wang Yuxian , Li Sanxi , Shi Ying 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study uses synchrotron wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD) and synchrotron small angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) to carry out an in situ study of the pre‐oxidation process of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers with two different preparation processes. Through analysis of 2D WAXD/SAXS data, this study divides the evolution of PAN fiber's crystal and microporous structures during pre‐oxidation into three and two stages, respectively. The evolution of PAN fiber's crystal structure during pre‐oxidation can be divided into three stages: 1) Initial stage: small‐sized crystals melt, crystal orientation decreases, and no cyclization reactions occur. 2) Intermediate stage: cyclization reactions happen in the amorphous region, leading to increased crystal size, crystal orientation, and crystallinity. 3) Final stage: cyclization reactions occur in the crystal region, resulting in reduced crystal size and orientation. The evolution of microporous structure can be divided into two stages: microporous shrinkage stage and microporous expansion stage. These features are analyzed using 2D WAXD/SAXS techniques. This study provides valuable references and guidance for the industrial production of PAN fibers by exploring the mechanism of the pre‐oxidation process in‐depth.
Preparation of Non‐Spherical Janus Particles via an Orthogonal Dissolution Approach
Authors: Russo Giovanni , Lattuada Marco 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPost‐synthesis modifications are valuable tools to alter functionalities and induce morphology changes in colloidal particles. Non‐spherical polymer particles with Janus characteristics are prepared by combining seeded growth polymerization and selective dissolution. First, spherical polystyrene (PS) particles have been swollen with methyl methacrylate (MMA) with an activated swelling method. This is followed by polymerization that led to particles with two well‐separated faces: one made of PS and the second of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). Subsequently, non‐spherical particles are obtained by exposing the Janus colloids to various solvents. Using the two polymers' orthogonal solubility, solvents are identified to selectively dissolve only one face, leading to hemispherical PS or PMMA particles. It is further investigated how changing the composition of the PMMA face – by either co‐polymerization with glycidyl methacrylate or by adding a cross‐linker – affects the particles’ morphology. The poly‐methacrylate face can gain total or partial resistance towards the solvents, resulting in intriguing shapes, such as mushroom‐like and Janus dimpled particles. The dissolution mechanisms are investigated via optical microscopy, where total or partial dissolutions can be directly observed. Lastly, prematurely quenching the dissolution of the particle's lobes with water can be used to control the Janus mushroom‐like particle aspect ratio.
High‐pressure gas temperature sensing for exit plane of aero‐engine combustor using tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy
Authors: Huang An , Xu Zhenyu , Deng Hao , Yang Wenbin , Qi Xinhua , Li Jie , Kan Ruifeng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe have developed a sensor for the temperature measurement in the test section after the combustion chamber of an aero engine model by using direct absorption spectroscopy. Five distributed feedback diode lasers at near 1392, 1393, 1339, 1343, and 1469 nm are utilized as the light sources to detect H2O absorptions to improve the precision of temperature measurement combining with the Boltzmann plot method and the polynomial‐based spectral fitting model. The sensor shows a good performance in terms of its temperature measurement accuracy under high temperature of 673–1373 K and high pressure of 100–600 kPa condition in a tube furnace, which was lower than 4%. Moreover, three‐dimensional temperature distributions have been reconstructed via applying algebraic reconstruction technique at the test section after the combustion chamber of an aero engine model. The single‐point position temperature extracted from the algebraic reconstruction technique agrees well with that measured from the coherent anti‐stokes Raman scattering technique, where the relative error is within 5%. All the above results prove the reliability of our developed temperature sensor.
Quantitative NMR using water as internal calibrant
Authors: Xiang Bosong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA new quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) method, called qNMRw, using water as the internal calibrant has been developed. Its principles, procedures, calculations, and test results are presented here. It is shown to avoid the difficulties created by moisture present in other reference materials. High precision and accuracy can be achieved with qNMRw. The method can be used for analyzing technical materials, herbicide formulation products, and other types of chemical samples. It can also be used to measure the purity and concentration of materials to be used as quantitation calibrants.
Lie symmetries and conserved quantities of fractional nonconservative singular systems
Authors: Zheng Mingliang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, according to the fractional factor derivative method, we study the Lie symmetry theory of fractional nonconservative singular Lagrange systems in a configuration space. First, fractional calculus is calculated by using the fractional factor, and the fractional equations of motion are derived by using the differential variational principle. Second, the determining equations and the limiting equations of Lie symmetry under an infinitesimal group transformation are obtained. Furthermore, the fractional conserved quantity form of singular Lagrange systems caused by Lie symmetry is obtained by constructing a gauge‐generating function that fulfills the structural equation, which conforms to the Noether criterion equation. Finally, we present an example of a calculation. The results show that the Lie symmetry condition of nonconservative singular Lagrange systems is more strict than conservative singular systems, but because of increased invariance restriction, the nonconservative forces do not change the form of conserved quantity; meanwhile, the fractional factor method has high natural consistency with the integral calculus, so the theory of integer‐order singular systems can be easily extended to fractional singular Lagrange systems.
Fracture evolution characteristics of strainburst under different gradient stress
Authors: Wang Gang , Liu Xiqi , Song Leibo , Bao Chunyan , Wang Zhenhua , Chen Hao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractStrainburst often occurs in the loading process of tangential stress concentration from surrounding rocks after excavation and unloading of deep rock mass. The concentrated tangential stress is relatively larger on the tunnel walls, which decreases towards the interior of surrounding rocks with a certain gradient. To explore the fracture evolution characteristics of surrounding rocks under different tangential gradient stresses and understand various phenomena in the strainburst process, a large‐scale true‐triaxial gradient and hydraulic‐pneumatic composite loading rockburst test device was adopted to carry out the strainburst tests under four different gradient stresses. Based on the macroscopic failure phenomena, distribution of rockburst debris, macro‐micro morphology of failure cross section, and monitored data of acoustic emission (AE), the fracture evolution of rockburst specimens was analyzed under different stress gradient loadings. The results indicate that the stress gradient has an obvious influence on the fracture characteristics, resulting in different rockburst phenomena. With the increase of stress gradient, the failure stress of rockburst decreases, while the dynamic failure characteristics of rockburst trends to be significant. The increase of stress gradient contributes to higher fragmentation degree of debris, more uniform distribution and better continuity. The total number of cracks in the model decreases with the rise of the stress gradient, and the proportion of shear failure increases, which is the main reason for the enhancement of the rockburst intensity.
Development and validation of a Decision‐Making Ability Scale for postpartum urinary incontinence women engaging in pelvic floor physical therapy
Authors: Li Jie , Li Tiantian , Zhao Xiaoling , Li Juanhua , Yu Lanlan , Tang Wenjun , Liu Yuanwen , Huang Xiaoli , Chen Ling , Cai Wenzhi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to develop and validate a Decision‐Making Ability Scale (DMA‐S) for postpartum urinary incontinence (PPUI) women engaging in pelvic floor physical therapy (PFPT).MethodsItems were created in line with a review of the literature and exploratory qualitative study with 22 women. The items were submitted for expert opinion and a pilot implementation was made with 58 women with PPUI. Furthermore, the construct validity of the scale was tested with exploratory factor analysis (EFA) (n = 220) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) (n = 240). Internal consistency for the Chronbach's α and test–retest reliability for the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were also investigated for the DMA‐S in the study.ResultsThe results of the EFA indicated a Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin value of 0.85 and Bartlett's test of sphericity showed a χ2 value of 8352.101, p < 0.001. After removing one item with factor loading values below 0.50, the resulting factor structure accounted for 83.38% of the total variance. The fit indices of the scale model tested in the CFA were determined as χ2/df = 1.08 < 3, root mean square error of approximation = 0.018 < 0.08, comparative fit index = 0.996 > 0.90, Tucker–Lewis index = 0.995 > 0.90, goodness‐of‐fit index (GFI) = 0.933 > 0.90, adjusted GFI = 0.916 > 0.90, and incremental fit index = 0.996 > 0.90. The Cronbach's α values were 0.95–0.97 for the subdimensions of the scale and 0.93 for the total scale. Data also showed a good test–retest stability (ICC = 0.984).ConclusionThe DMA‐S is a reliable and valid tool for assessing the decision‐making ability for PPUI women engaging in PFPT.
Decision support for the technician routing and scheduling problem
Authors: Gamst Mette , Pisinger David 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe technician routing and scheduling problem (TRSP) optimizes routes for technicians serving tasks subject to qualifications, time constraints, and routing costs. In the literature, the TRSP is solved either to provide actual technician work schedules or to perform what‐if analyses on different TRSP scenarios. A TRSP scenario consists of a given number of tasks, technicians, skills, working hours and so forth. We present a method which builds optimal TRSP scenarios with respect to technician fleet, their skills, their working hours and digitization of task equipment. The scenarios are built such that the combined TRSP costs (OPEX) and investment costs (CAPEX) are minimized. By using a holistic approach we can generate scenarios that would not have been found by studying the investments individually. The proposed method consists of a matheuristic based on column generation. To reduce computational time, the routing costs of a technician are estimated instead of solved to optimality. The proposed method is evaluated on data from the literature and on real‐life data from a telecommunication company. The evaluation shows that the proposed method successfully suggests attractive scenarios. The method especially excels in ensuring that more tasks are serviced, but also in reducing travel time with around 16% in the real‐life instance. We believe that the proposed method could constitute an important strategic tool for routing companies. In the conclusion, we propose future research directions to extend the applicability.