bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying the needed knowledge and skills for health education specialists: qualitative study with stakeholders in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alageel Samah , Al-Sayyari Lamis , Alhurishi Sultana A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundHealth education specialists play a major role in promoting a healthy lifestyle, preventing, and managing diseases. This study aimed at identifying the needed skills and knowledge of health education specialists with an interest in disease prevention and the transformation of healthcare in Saudi Arabia.MethodsThis study employed a qualitative case study approach, using focus group interviews. The study was conducted at King Saud University with three different stakeholder groups (alumni, employers, and faculty members) using convenience sampling. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis.ResultsWe have conducted four focus group interviews with a total of 29 participants. We have identified five main themes from the data;Medical and clinical related knowledge and skills, Communication and engagement with the community, Planning and evaluating health programs, Health systems and health policy, and Marketing and technological skills.Participants highlighted the need to respond to the changing demands of the labor market, the different roles of health education specialists, and patient education vs. public education. Counseling and behavior change were viewed as key roles of health education specialists. In addition to the skills needed to create content and conduct research. Furthermore, equipping health education graduates in the fields of digital health and occupational health was viewed as a key factor in improving their employability and readiness for the labor market.ConclusionStudy participants identified multiple skills and knowledge gaps which were deemed important to improve the quality of graduates from the health education program. Future studies are recommended to estimate their importance based on the rating of alumni, faculty staff, and employers.
Crisis, Colonialism and Constitutional Habits: Indigenous jurisdiction in times of emergency
Authors: Feltes Emma , Stacey Jocelyn ,   the Tŝilhqot’in National Government
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Tŝilhqot’in Nation has had ample experience exercising its laws and jurisdiction to manage emergencies during record-breaking wildfires and the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the Nation’s unique opportunity to formally describe and advance its jurisdiction through its landmark Aboriginal title declaration and beyond, in these crises, Crown actors have defaulted to well-worn patterns of colonialism. Through a detailed analysis of recent Tŝilhqot’in experiences of emergency, we argue that provincial and federal responses to these extreme events reveal constitutional habits: patterns of decision-making that emerge in the immediate response to an emergency, so as to appear automatic. Crown emergency responses assume exhaustive Crown jurisdiction and its corollary erasure and dispossession of Tŝilhqot’in jurisdiction. Fortunately, however, habits can change. We show how Tŝilhqot’in responses to emergency reveal alternate constitutional possibilities: habits of coordination, which, through their attention to responsible relationships, build capacity to respond to emergencies and, more broadly, a changing world.
Maximal syntactic/semantic divergence in deadjectivals: Evidence from Romance
Authors: M. Rasia M. Eugenia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article explores semantic and syntactic properties of a set of Romance deadjectival verbs sharing comparable derivational morphology. I note: (i) asymmetries between languages where the choice of verbalizer does not become a significant variable; (ii) languages where the use of the verbalizer is associated with distinct syntactic and semantic properties. In Italian, the verbalizer defines a maximal structural contrast in a nontrivial derivation. Italian and Catalan verbs pattern as statives. Yet lack of eventivity and scalarity in Italian defines an empirically relevant distinction between stative types reflected by syntax (unergative behaviour correlated with lack of affected theme/change-of-state denotation). This differentiates Italian from Spanish or Catalan forms in not showing two key properties: (i) unaccusativity/transitivity; (ii) change-along-scale entailment. A continuum from minimally to maximally different aspectual and syntactic configurations obtains. Although the focus is set on deadjectival verbs and the unusual properties of Italian-ggiare, the results are extendable to further data.
Political views and organizational distrust affect rural residents’ willingness to share personal data for COVID-19 contact tracing: A cross-sectional survey study
Authors: McCormick Jennifer B. , Hopkins Margaret , Lehman Erik B. , Green Michael J. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background:
We aimed to examine the attitudes of Pennsylvania rural residents toward data sharing in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, we were interested in better understanding their willingness to provide personal information for contact tracing to public health staff investigating COVID-19 cases, as well as their concerns. We used a validated scale to describe the influence of distrust of healthcare organizations on their attitudes.

Methods:
We mailed 4000 surveys to rural residents identified from the electronic medical record of a healthcare system in central Pennsylvania. Data were entered into a REDCap database and analyzed using descriptive summaries, and both binomial and multivariable logistic regression.

Results:
Binomial logistic regression showed that both distrust in healthcare organizations and political values influence respondents’ willingness to share information with contact tracers as well as their concerns about sharing personal data. When our multivariable model was applied, political values remained and were consistently associated with willingness to share and concerns about sharing their data.

Conclusion:
This study is a first step in eliciting rural residents’ willingness to share personal data for contact tracing by public health officials. Understanding and addressing rural residents’ willingness to share personal data and their concerns about sharing those data will help public health officials identify effective strategies for managing COVID-19 and future pandemics in rural communities. By involving community members at the ground level, public health staff can ensure residents’ buy-in for the need to collect their personal data, thereby helping to mitigate the public health crises.
Research unit network (RUN) as a learning research system
Authors: Comellas Alejandro P. , Wangui-Verry Jackline M. , Sprenger Kimberly J. , Winokur Patricia L. , Barlow Patrick B. , Subramain Maran 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The clinical research units (CRUs) are one of the main spaces where both translational research and science take place. However, there is a lack of information about both best practices for CRU operations and, ultimately, benchmarks to evaluate CRU performance. The Research Unit Network (RUN) was created with the purpose to enable direct communication and collaboration among CRUs. An online survey was administered to further illustrate the functionality and impact of RUN. Thirty-one individual survey responses (39.2%) were included in the final analysis. The members value RUN monthly meetings (87.1%) as the most useful aspect of this network and CRU budgeting (67.7%) and staffing (61.3%) were the most relevant topics discussed. This is followed by EPIC – Research (58.1%), delegation of authority logs, unit signatures, and policies (51.6%), COVID-19 pandemic response (41.9%), the implementation of clinical trial management system (29.0%), and protocol deviations (19.4%). The intermediate goal of RUN is to identify best practices CRUs are establishing, implementing, and sharing these experiences with the goal to adopt them in different CRUs. The network’s long-term goal is to establish standard benchmarks that can be used for evaluating the performance of CRUs across the nation.
The Institutional Definition of Psychiatric Condition and the Role of Well-Being in Psychiatry
Authors: Knox Bennett 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article draws on Kukla’s “Institutional Definition of Health” to provide a definition of “psychiatric condition” that delineates the proper bounds of psychiatry. I argue that this definition must include requirements that psychiatrization of a condition benefit the well-being of (1) the society as a collective and (2) the individual whose condition is in question. I then suggest that psychiatry understand individual well-being in terms of the subjective values of individuals. Finally, I propose that psychiatry’s understanding of collective well-being should be the result of a “socially objective” process and give certain desiderata for this understanding.
Two Approaches to Reduction: A Case Study from Statistical Mechanics
Authors: Guo Bixin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractI argue that there are two distinct approaches to understanding reduction: the ontology-first approach and the theory-first approach. They concern the relation between ontological reduction and inter-theoretic reduction. Further, I argue for the significance of this distinction by demonstrating that either one or the other approach has been taken as an implicit assumption in, and has in fact shaped, our understanding of what statistical mechanics is. More specifically, I argue that Boltzmannian statistical mechanics assumes and relies on the ontology-first approach, whereas Gibbsian statistical mechanics should assume the theory-first approach.
Future flight deck design
Authors: Hillman R. E. , Wilson J. W. 
Published: March 2023

The greatly increased cost of fuel has intensified the need for the manufacturer to increase operating efficiency in the aerodynamic, structural and propulsion fields. These aspects have already been highly refined and further improvements will be more and more difficult to realise. However, DOC is also equally affected by equipment and crew costs and this paper therefore attempts to examine the potential for improvements to the flight deck that will determine the most cost-effective combination of crew and equipment required for the safe operation of relatively large transport aircraft.In the past, design effort has, very logically, been concentrated on those fields that could be shown to give an obvious economic return, and since investment in new instrumentation, flight deck workload analysis and system automation showed less tangible results than increases in speed, range, payload, etc, there was no great incentive to allocate money and effort to “human engineering”.
Mr. Billing's war baby
Authors: Jarrett Philip 
Published: March 2023

Veneration can often bestow an undeserved degree of respectability upon stories which have come down to us from the past. Some of these stories even acquire the status of legends if they are repeated with sufficient regularity, and, like the “laws” which tend to limit the vision of the scientist, these legends can restrict the retrospection of the historian. Aviation has its share of such tales, and it is one of these which now needs to be re-examined in the light of several new pieces of evidence.The central character of this story is that great eccentric Noel Pemberton Billing, and the aeroplane with which we are concerned is the P.B.9, a neat little biplane scout which appeared at the outbreak of the First World War.
Aeronautics and Cranfield—why, — what and whither? —
Authors: Keith-Lucas D. 
Published: March 2023

It is a sign of greatness in a man that he leaves footprints like those of Good King Wenceslas to guide and invite others to follow. Sir Frederick left his boldly in the Aircraft Industry, SBAC, Cranfield, Royal Aeronautical Society, Air Registration Board and many other places. Not in every place but in all those I have named he has been my Good King Wenceslas and I his page.In this lecture I could choose to follow any one of these tracks but they are not divergent but criss-cross and intertwine with the result that in starting along one I may well switch onto another. The track I shall start to follow is aeronautics at Cranfield.
The British Aircraft Corporation: the first twelve years
Authors: Smith Reginald Verdon 
Published: March 2023

It is an honour which I greatly appreciate to be invited to give the 19th Barnwell Memorial Lecture and I value the invitation all the more after noting that all previous lecturers have been distinguished aeronautical engineers, or at the least specialists, very experienced in air transportation.It has always been a matter of regret to me that I never knew Frank Barnwell at work. When I went to Filton in October 1938 it was a few weeks after the flying accident in which he lost his life, so I cannot add from personal experience to the comprehensive account of his career compiled by Major Bulman for the first Barnwell Lecture in 1954, supplemented by the reminiscences of Captain Cyril Uwins and others.
Use of helicopters in search and rescue — some possible further applications
Authors: Townshend B. W. 
Published: March 2023

It was of great interest to learn, from their most comprehensive paper “Helicopters in the Royal Navy“*, of the authors’ views on the SAR role, and especially of their outlines of the most beneficial features for ideal SAR aircraft (pages 472-476). This note refers to some aspects of the latter that were not mentioned, on which it would be interesting to know the opinions of the authors and of other helicopter pilots.Some six years ago, I learned from the US Coast Guard of a system they had adopted with considerable success, to minimise the above hazards- At that time, I drew this arrangement (illustrated in the accompanying sketches) to the attention of RN and RAF officers concerned with rescue, but the idea received little support, for which there may be two reasons.The American aircraft had, I believe, winch lines 200 ft long, whereas that on the Wessex was only 106 ft long. The Sea King (winch line 245 ft) had not then become operational. For their ideal SAR aircraft, the authors propose one 300 ft long. Thus, on the Wessex, the risk of fouling an obstruction would have been approximately doubled. As the longer lines now available and being proposed would go far to minimise this risk, perhaps the US system may in future be considered more favourably.
Some heat transfer measurements in compressible turbulent boundary layers
Authors: Hughes T. 
Published: March 2023

This paper gives details of a method for measuring local heat transfer rates and shows that the results obtained are in fair agreement with the expected values.The experiments were performed in the 8 in x 3·5 in supersonic intermittent wind tunnel at Queen Mary College (University of London). A maximum Mach number of 1·6 is obtainable at which the free stream Reynolds number in the working section is 4·92 x 106 per foot under normal conditions. The tunnel has a running time of approximately 20 seconds at a Mach number of 1·6.The series of heat transfer measurements were restricted to flat plate conditions with non-constant wall temperatures.
The design aspects of heliports
Authors: Slocombe A. E. 
Published: March 2023

This paper is intended to show what would be necessary for a heliport suitable for scheduled helicopter services should a vehicle become available which proves economically viable for inter-city services. BEA is considering the possibilty of scheduled services from Central London to near-European capitals and in this respect, some preliminary investigation of sites has been carried out. However, the views expressed in this paper are personal and do not necessarily reflect BEA policy.In this context we are therefore concerned with a heliport which will meet the required standards of safety and regularity, and will provide passenger handling facilities, car parking and support services at least comparable with equivalent fixed wing operations. Other types of landing place for helicopters, such as helipads, helistops, and conventional airports are outside the scope of the paper although similar design criteria may apply to these facilities.
The use and usage of helicopters
Authors: Ford G. E. 
Published: March 2023

It WOULD be foolish to pretend that helicopters do not have their competitors but some may be surprised to know that in recent years one of the main competitors to the executive passenger carrying helicopter in this country has not been another aircraft but the excellent inter-city service operated by British Rail.It would equally be misleading to pretend that there are not occasions when enquiries are received to charter a helicopter but because of the particular circumstances, including perhaps the stage length of the journey, they have to be frankly and honestly advised that it would be better to travel by scheduled air service.This, however, has applied to the past. We are now at a stage when a whole new breed of helicopter is becoming increasingly available with improved performance, they are faster, are equipped for day and night and all weather operation and hopefully as the result of this very symposium, will be provided with the facilities to enable them to land in or close to the centre of cities and towns throughout the UK.
The prevention of separation and flow reversal in the corners of compressor blade cascades
Authors: Stratford B. S. 
Published: March 2023

SummaryFrom tests on tunnel cascades one of the sources of loss in axial compressors could be corner stall, i.e. local separation of the flow in and near the corners between the annulus walls and the convex surfaces of the blades.Tests on a tunnel cascade at entry Mach numbers of 0·5 and 0·6 show that, at least in a tunnel, the stalling may be cured by boundary layer control. The present tests obtain control by suction through a corner slot. The tests show that removal through the slot of 1·3% of the flow decreases the total losses of the cascade by about 25%.A more detailed examination of the losses in the tunnel cascade without suction suggests that about three-quarters of the end losses are due to the separation and reverse flow. Much of the remaining end loss appears to result from the fact that the low energy stream tubes in the entry boundary layer would experience a disproportionately large increase in cross-sectional area during diffusion, even in attached two-dimensional flow. The suction corner control can eliminate the greater part of the end losses, by eliminating the separation.
Man powered flight—the Jupiter project
Authors: Potter John 
Published: March 2023

Successful man powered aircraft projects may be divided into three main stages:(a) Design.(b) Construction.(c) Operation.From a purely practical standpoint, this sequence represents the order of increasing difficulty. It is in the later stages of a project that the major problems of team management and of organisation arise. Indeed, many groups, having designed and built a machine, have encountered the utmost difficulty in flying with any regularity. As a result, relatively little has been recorded on the matters of operating methods or handling characteristics, although there has been much discussion on the theoretical aspects of flight under human muscle-power.
Man-powered flight: the oscillating wing machine
Authors: Upeimieks H. 
Published: March 2023

The aim of this article is to describe a method of power utilisation in a man-powered oscillating wing machine and to suggest features of design, which it is hoped might be of practical value to the many man-powered flight enthusiasts wishing to engage in what might, perhaps, become a relatively cheap and exhilarating sport.With considerable expenditure of time and resources, successful attempts at man-powered flight have been made in the not so distant past. These exercises, at or near the limits of man's physical endurance, have been rewarded with flights lasting but a short while. And it is believed that any improvement of results in the near future can be only marginal.
An oscillatory method for the flight calibration of sideslip and incidence sensors
Authors: Burns B. R. A. 
Published: March 2023

The local flow angles measured by incidence and sideslip probes mounted on aircraft differ in general from the free stream or ‘true’ values due to the flow field of the aircraft and of the sensors themselves.This note describes a method of determining the correction factors by means of measurements made in oscillatory motion. The longitudinal short period mode is used for incidence calibration, the dutch roll for sideslip.
A method to analyse the wall jet flow
Authors: Mura Hari V. 
Published: March 2023

The wall jet is described as a jet of fluid which issues to a wall at an angle from 0 to 90 degrees and grows along the wall in a surrounding stationary or moving fluid of infinite extent. The plane turbulent wall jet issuing tangentially to a smooth wall surrounded by the same fluid of infinite extent at rest is known as the classical wall jet and is explained in Fig. 1.Considering the importance of the phenomenon in explaining some of the practical hydraulic engineering problems like submerged flows from outlets and other problems like paper drying and rocket exhaust effects, it would be helpful to analyse the problem more rationally. The purpose of this note is to present a method to analyse the flow mechanism in a wall jet consistent with the physical situation of the problem.
Air transport and a sound economy
Authors: Berchtold W. 
Published: March 2023

Air transport is a part of the overall transportation system and has no special mission of its own other than to serve the community by performing those functions for which it is best suited, technically and economically.The impact of transportation on the development of world societies can hardly be overestimated. Before the advent of the steam engine, the horse on land and the sail at sea were the available tractive forces. Speed and capacity were low and transportation costs were high. Only high value goods could be hauled over extended distances. While ocean transport was often the prerogative of a national flag (remember the Navigation Laws under William Pitt—perhaps the forerunner of today's air traffic rights), local hauling activities were either performed by the users themselves or, if exercised as a trade, subject to the usual regulation of medieval guilds.
Power Law for Turbulent Cylindrical Boundary Layers
Authors: Joseph M. C. , McCorquodale J. A. , Sridhar K. 
Published: March 2023

Considerable research effort has been devoted to the experimental and theoretical study of turbulent boundary layers on flat plates. However, relatively little research has been done on turbulent boundary layers in the presence of transverse curvature. In this paper transverse curvature denotes curvature in a plane normal to the flow direction as shown in Fig. 1. In particular, flow along the outside of cylinders is considered.In most of the experimental and theoretical investigations of the cylindrical boundary layers (see for example references 1 to 4) the effect of transverse curvature on the velocity profile, especially on the power law, was not considered. Exceptions to the above statement are Rao's inference on the velocity profile and Bonsignore's prediction of change in the index of the power law.