bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cholera outbreak associated with drinking contaminated river water in Panyimur and Parombo sub-counties: Nebbi district, Uganda, March 2017
Authors: Eyu Patricia , Kizito Susan , Nkonwa Innocent H. , Alitubeera Phoebe H. , Aceng Freda L. , Nakanwagi Miriam , Birungi Doreen , Nguna Joyce , Biribawa Claire , Okethwangu Denis , Opio Denis N. , Kwesiga Benon , Ario Alex R. 
Published: January 2023

Introduction: On 10th February 2017, Uganda Ministry of Health was notified of a suspected cholera outbreak in Nebbi district. The district experienced numerous cholera outbreaks with the latest in 2016. We investigated to determine the scope, mode of transmission, and exposures.Methods: We defined a suspected case as sudden onset of acute watery diarrhoea in a resident (5 years) from Parombo or Panyimur subcounties in Nebbi district, during 1 January-9 March 2017. A confirmed case was a suspected case with culture-confirmed Vibrio cholerae from stool. We conducted descriptive epidemiology of case-persons to inform hypothesis generation and a case-control study involving 67 case-persons and 134 control-persons to test the hypothesis.Results: We identified 222 suspected case-persons; samples from two yielded Vibrio cholerae O139. Three case-persons died (CFR=1.4%). The epidemic curve indicated a point-source outbreak. Among 67 cases, 40 (60%) drank river water, compared with 56 (42%) of 134 controls (OR 2.2, 95% CI: 1.2- 4.1). Visual assessment revealed that river water had high turbidity and we observed mass open defecation.Conclusion: This outbreak affected two sub-counties and was associated with drinking contaminated river water. We recommended treating drinking water by the community members and health education on drinking water safety and proper waste disposal in the communities. And for long term, the district water department should increase the number and functionality of boreholes or piped water in the communities.
The psychological impact of COVID-19 duty among resident doctors working in a COVID-hospital: A short-term follow-up study
Authors: Prakash Aathira J. , Agarwal Vivek , Kar Sujita Kumar , Dalal P.K. 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
There is a dearth of longitudinal research that measures the impact of the pandemic on the mental health of resident doctors.

Aim:
This study aimed to estimate depression, anxiety, stress, burnout, and sleep disturbances (insomnia and nightmares) among resident doctors after COVID-19 duty. The study was a prospective longitudinal study among resident doctors posted in COVID-19 wards in a tertiary hospital in North India.

Methods:
The participants were assessed at two points of time, two months apart, on a semistructured questionnaire and self-rated scales for depression, anxiety, stress, insomnia, sleep quality, nightmare experience, and burnout.

Results:
A significant proportion of resident doctors working in a COVID hospital had symptoms of depression (29.6%), anxiety (28.6%), stress (18.1%), insomnia (22%), and burnout (32.4%), even after two months of being off COVID duty. It was seen that these psychological outcomes had a strong positive correlation with each other. Compromised sleep quality and burnout significantly predicted depression, anxiety, stress, and insomnia.

Conclusion:
The current study has added to the psychiatric aspects of COVID-19 among resident doctors and the changes in these symptoms with time and highlights the need for targeted interventions to decrease these adverse outcomes.
The relationship between parental emotional abuse and interpersonal competence and digital game addiction: A path analysis
Authors: Taş İbrahim 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Digital game addiction is a negative effect of the technological developments that have taken place and has been reported in literature as a serious mental health problem for children and adolescents in the developmental period.

Aim:
This study investigates the relationship between perceived emotional abuse from parents and interpersonal competence and game addiction by using a model.

Methods and Material:
The study group comprised 360 adolescents, with 197 (54.7%) being female and 163 (45.8%) male. The adolescents’ ages varied between 13 and 18 and their average age was 15.55. The data were collected using Psychological Maltreatment Questionnaire, Interpersonal Competence Scale, and Game Addiction Scale. The relationship between variables was tested using structural equation modeling.

Results:
The emotional abuse perceived from the mother significantly influences interpersonal competence and game addiction. Emotional abuse perceived from the father significantly influences game addiction. Interpersonal competence negatively influences game addiction at a significant level. Interpersonal competence mediates the relationship between maternal emotional abuse and digital game addiction.

Conclusions:
Maternal emotional abuse has been effective in decreasing interpersonal competence levels in adolescents. Parental emotional abuse is effective in game addiction in adolescents. Low level of interpersonal competence among adolescents affects game addiction. Emotional abuse perceived from the mother affects digital game addiction through interpersonal competence. Accordingly, educators, researchers, and clinicians dealing with digital game addiction in adolescents should consider the effect of perceived parental emotional abuse and interpersonal competence.
Development of a Hepatic VX2 carcinoma model in rabbits using an improved minimally invasive method and evaluation with imaging examinations
Authors: Yuan Gang , Xu Yanneng , Wang Yunqiao , Zhang Xun , Wang Weiming , He Yanzheng , Zhu Xiaoming 
Published: January 2023

Context:
The hepatic VX2 carcinoma model in rabbits has been widely used in interventional diagnosis and treatment research for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, traditional methods for developing this model all have their shortcomings.

Aims:
To develop an improved method to construct an animal model of hepatic VX2 carcinoma.

Settings and Design:
The puncture technique was used to obtain the VX2 tumor tissue. A tumor puncture–inoculation kit was designed and modified to implant the tumor tissue into the recipient rabbit's liver.

Methods and Material:
18 New Zealand white rabbits were implanted with VX2 tumor tissue using the improved tumor puncture–inoculation kit under ultrasound guidance. Ultrasonography, contrast-enhanced computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and digital subtraction angiography were performed to evaluate tumor formation and imaging characteristics.

Statistical Analysis:
Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. Two groups were compared using Student's t-test analysis.

Results:
All rabbits tolerated VX2 tumor tissue implantation successfully. 17 out of the 18 experimental rabbits developed liver tumors, and one rabbit had abdominal tumor metastasis. The average volume of tumors was 39.47 mm3 and 460.1 mm3 (P < 0.001) on the 7th and 14th days after modeling, respectively. Imageological diagnosis showed that all tumors had abundant blood supply and typical imaging characteristics.

Conclusions:
This improved modeling method is easy to operate and less traumatic, with a high tumor formation rate, low metastasis rate, prominent tumor imaging characteristics, and high detection rate, which is expected to become a promising method for constructing rabbit liver tumor model.
mFOLFOX4 with or without radiation in neoadjuvant treatment of locally advanced middle and low rectal cancer
Authors: Yan Hongxia , Zhang Yixun , Hao Zhiying , Lu Yanjun , Liu Haiyi 
Published: January 2023

Context:
Neoadjuvant therapy can reduce the recurrence rate of locally advanced middle and low rectal cancer. Radiation therapy can not only bring benefits but also produce acute and late toxicity, which will affect the quality of life and organ function of patients; the application of neoadjuvant chemotherapy can avoid the toxicity of radiotherapy.

Aims:
To investigate the efficiency and side effects of preoperative modified FOLFOX4 (mFOLFOX4) chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy for locally advanced middle and low rectal cancer (LAMLRC).

Methods and Material:
This study included 431 patients with LAMLRC receiving mFOLFOX4 chemotherapy independently or combined with radiotherapy before operation. The basic information, efficacy indicators, and adverse reactions of the two groups were recorded in detail. Side effects were evaluated using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v. 3.0.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science, IBM SPSS Statistics, Version 22). Mann-Whitney test and Chi-square test were used for comparative analysis. Statistical significance was defined as P < 0.05.

Results:
Of 128 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 52 received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT), and 76 received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT). The average operation time in the NCT group was 2.71 h, and that in the NCRT group was 3.35 h (P = 0.005). The pathological complete remission rates in the NCT and NCRT groups were 1.9% and 17.1%, respectively (P = 0.007). There was no significant difference in the T-stage decline rate and lymph node positive rate between the two groups. There were higher rates of leukopenia (32.7% vs. 57.9%; P < 0.05) and diarrhea (0% vs. 9.2%; P < 0.05) in the NCRT group. The 3-year overall survival rates in the NCT and NCRT groups were 80.3% and 82.8% (P = 0.715), respectively, and the respective 3-year disease-free survival rates were 68.8% and 70.5% (P = 0.966).

Conclusions:
NCT with mFOLFOX4 independently resulted in a lower pathological complete remission rate, with less toxicity and shorter operation time. NCT with mFOLFOX4 has certain clinical usefulness.
Study on short-term cosmetic effects and quality of life after breast cancer modified radical mastectomy combined with one-stage prosthesis implantation
Authors: Yan Hongxia , Gao Peng , Kong Xiangyi , Wei Jianjian , Fang Yi , Wang Jing 
Published: January 2023

Background:
This study investigated the reconstruction effect of skin-preserving breast cancer modified radical mastectomy combined with one-stage breast prosthesis implantation in female patients to analyze relevant factors and observe the effect of prosthesis reconstruction on short-term breast satisfaction, psycho-social functions, and quality of life (QOL) in patients with breast cancer after the operation.

Methods:
Patients were divided into two groups based on the reconstruction effect (an excellent effect group and a good and general effect group). Patients' short-term cosmetic effect on the breast after breast cancer modified radical mastectomy combined with one-stage breast prosthesis implantation was prospectively followed up to analyze influencing factors. At post-operative 6 months, the breast satisfaction dimension, psycho-social dimension, upper limb breast health dimension, and surgical satisfaction dimension in the prosthesis reconstruction module in the BREAST-Q scale were used for follow-up evaluation.

Results:
The excellent rate of prosthesis reconstruction was 91.3%. A significant correlation was observed among the reconstruction effect, implant volume, and number of children born by the patient (P < 0.05). The correlation with age, BMI (body mass index), operation time, nipple and areola retention, operation method, and incision was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). At post-operative 6 months, the Breast-Q score was significantly different in the overall breast satisfaction dimension and outcome satisfaction dimension between the two groups (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Breast cancer modified radical mastectomy combined with one-stage breast prosthesis implantation can not only fulfill patients' physical aesthetic needs but also positively affect their psychosocial behavior to improve post-operative QOL.
Computed tomography findings, associated factors, and management of pulmonary nodules in 54,326 healthy individuals
Authors: Liang Xinyu , Kong Yongmei , Shang Hui , Yang Mingxin , Lu Wenjing , Zeng Qingshi , Zhang Guang , Ye Xin 
Published: January 2023

Introduction:
To investigate the pulmonary nodules detected by low-dose computed tomography (LDCT), identified factors affecting the size and number of pulmonary nodules (single or multiple), and the pulmonary nodules diagnosed and management as lung cancer in healthy individuals.

Methods:
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 54,326 healthy individuals who received chest LDCT screening. According to the results of screening, the detection rates of pulmonary nodules, grouped according to the size and number of pulmonary nodules (single or multiple), and the patients' gender, age, history of smoking, hypertension, and diabetes were statistically analyzed to determine the correlation between each factor and the characteristics of the nodules. The pulmonary nodules in healthy individuals diagnosed with lung cancer were managed with differently protocols.

Results:
The detection rate of pulmonary nodules was 38.8% (21,055/54,326). The baseline demographic characteristics of patients with pulmonary nodules were: 58% male and 42% female patients, 25.7% smoking and 74.3% nonsmoking individuals, 40–60 years old accounted for 49%, 54.8% multiple nodules, and 45.2% single nodules, and ≤5-mm size accounted for 80.4%, 6–10 mm for 18.2%, and 11–30 mm for 1.4%. Multiple pulmonary nodules were more common in hypertensive patients. Diabetes is not an independent risk factor for several pulmonary nodules. Of all patients with lung nodules, 26 were diagnosed with lung cancer, accounting for 0.1% of all patients with pulmonary nodules, 0.6% with nodules ≥5 mm, and 2.2% with nodules ≥8 mm, respectively. Twenty-six patients with lung cancer were treated with surgical resection (57.7%), microwave ablation (MWA, 38.5%), and follow-up (3.8%).

Conclusions:
LDCT was suitable for large-scale pulmonary nodules screening in healthy individuals, which was helpful for the early detection of suspicious lesions in the lung. In addition to surgical resection, MWA is an option for early lung cancer treatment.
Efficacy and safety of 2-micron laser versus conventional trans-urethral resection of bladder tumor for non-muscle-invasive bladder tumor
Authors: Gu Jun , He Zexi , Chen Zhenjie , Wu Haichao , Ding Mingxia 
Published: January 2023

Aim:
To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of 2-micron laser and conventional trans-urethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) in the treatment of non-muscle-invasive bladder tumor (NMIBT), providing evidence-based evidence for clinical treatment.

Materials and Methods:
PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CMB, CNKI, and WanFang databases were searched since their inception until December 2021 for all eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to 2-micron laser and TURBT for treating NMIBT. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted outcome indicators, and assessed the risk of bias according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Binary and continuous variables were calculated by relative risk (RR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval (95%CI), respectively. RevMan 5.4 and Stata 15.0 software were used for all statistical analysis.

Results:
A total of ten RCTs involving 1,163 patients were included: 596 cases in the 2-micron laser group and 567 cases in the TURBT group. The results of the meta-analysis revealed that 2-micron laser has advantages over the TURBT in operative duration (MD = −2.94, 95% confidence interval (CI) [−8.55, 2.68], P = 0.31), operative blood loss (MD = −19.93, 95%CI [−33.26, −6.60], P = 0.003), length of hospital stay (MD = −0.94, 95%CI [−1.38, −0.50], P < 0.001), post-operative bladder irrigation time (MD = −28.60, 95%CI [−50.60, −6.59], P = 0.01), period of catheterization days (MD = −1.07, 95%CI [−1.73, −0.40], P = 0.002), obturator nerve reflex (RR = −0.06, 95%CI [0.02, 0.15], P < 0.001), bladder perforation (RR = 0.14, 95%CI [0.06, 0.35], P < 0.001), and bladder irritation (RR = 0.30, 95%CI [0.20, 0.46], P < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the two surgical methods in post-operative urethral stricture and short-term recurrence of NMIBT.

Conclusion:
Compared with TURBT, 2-micron laser may be safer and more effective for NMIBT management. However, these conclusions need to be validated through more high-quality RCTs because of the quality limitations and publication bias of the included studies.
Comparison of 8spheres polyvinyl alcohol microsphere and gelatin sponge particle efficacy for transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in stages A to B patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zeng Jia , Wang Yufeng , Wang Huiwen , Hou Yingwen , He Dongfeng 
Published: January 2023

Purpose:
This study aimed to compare the clinical efficacy and prognostic analysis results of 8spheres polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) microspheres (8SM) with gelatin sponge (GS) particles for transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in patients with stages A–B hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods:
Data were collected from 172 patients who underwent TACE at Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital from January 2014 to July 2020. Patients were divided into two groups: TACE group using 8SM plus lipiodol (8spheres PVA group, N = 89) and TACE group using GS particles plus lipiodol (the GS group, N = 83). Subsequently, we compared the liver function, blood count, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and other parameters of patients in each group before and after interventional embolization. We also calculated the patient's progression-free survival and overall survival in these groups.

Results:
The postoperative liver function indices, such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the 8spheres PVA group, were worse than in the GS group. The postoperative median survival time was 19 ± 3.06 months and no significant difference in survival time was observed in GS group (26 ± 3.19 months) (P = 0.509). Multivariate analysis showed that targeted therapy (P = 0.051), maximum tumor diameter <5 cm (P = 0.018), age ≥60 years (P = 0.018), and AFP <120.5 μg/L (P = 0.007) significantly improved the overall survival rate of patients.

Conclusion:
Postoperative liver function indices of patients with HCC treated with GS particles were better than those treated with 8SM; thus, GS particles are more suitable for patients with poor liver function.
Investigating the effect of ARHGEF10L gene on tumor growth in gastric cancer in a nude mouse model using quantitative MRI parameters
Authors: Tang Junyi , Zhang Xuping , Chang Huan , Wang Dawei 
Published: January 2023

Background:
The quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters were initially used in the study of central nervous system diseases and has since been widely used in the diagnosis of breast, liver, rectum, and prostate diseases. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of ARHGEF10L gene on tumor growth in gastric cancer in nude mice using quantitative MRI parameters.

Subjects and Methods:
A nude mice model of gastric cancer was established, and the mice were divided into a control group and an shARHGEF10L group (N = 10). T2-fs and intravoxel incoherent motions (IVIM) imaging were performed in the mice coil with a 3.0 T MR system. The differences in quantitative parameters (apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC], D, D *, f values) were compared between both groups, and the effect of ARHGEF10L expression on tumor growth in tumor-bearing mice was investigated. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 17.0 software package.

Results:
The ADC and D values of tumor imaging in the shARHGEF10L group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant. There was no significant difference in the D* or F values between both groups.

Conclusions:
The ADC and D values of the quantitative IVIM imaging parameters can be used to effectively assess the growth of gastric cancer in nude mice, suggesting that ARHGEF10L may promote the growth of tumor cells.
Study on the timing of first dressing change with alginate dressing application in PICC placement among tumor patients
Authors: Zhao Jinyan , Ruan Zhen , Zhao Junyan , Yang Yanwei , Xiao Shuping , Ji Hong 
Published: January 2023

Objective:
To explore how the timing of the initial dressing change influences bacterial growth when alginate dressings were used after peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line insertion in tumor patients.

Methods:
In total, 186 tumor patients who had an alginate dressing after PICC insertion were randomly divided into a control group, observation group one (OG1), and observation group two (OG2). The control group had their first dressing change 48 h after PICC insertion, while OG1 was after 72 h and OG2 was after 96 h after. Samples were taken at the dressing change from the insertion site and surrounding skin. The results of the bacterial culture were compared to investigate how the timing of the first dressing change affected catheter infection.

Results:
Of the 186 patients, 29 had a positive bacterial culture. Of these, 10 were in the control group, 9 were in OG1, and 10 were in OG2. IBM SPSS Statistics 21.0 was adopted to analyze the correlation between the timing of the first dressing change and insertion site infection. No statistical significance between the timing of the first dressing change and insertion site infections was found (P > 0.05).

Conclusions:
The condition of each tumor patient should be comprehensively evaluated after PICC placement to determine when the first dressing change should occur, but it can likely be extended to 96 h after insertion to promote wound healing, reduce clinical workload, and lower patient economic burden.
PRDX3 promotes resistance to cisplatin in gastric cancer cells
Authors: Yan Hao , Cai Xinyu , Fu Shanshan , Zhang Xiubin , Zhang Jianna 
Published: January 2023

Objective:
This study aims to investigate peroxiredoxin 3 (PRDX3) expression in gastric cancer tissue and its effects on cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer cells and its possible mechanism.

Methods:
PRDX3 expression in human gastric cancer tissue microarrays was detected via immunohistochemistry. The PRDX3 small interfering RNA (siPRDX3 group) and the negative control siNC (siNC group) were transfected into AGS and MKN-74 cell lines, respectively, whereas a blank control group was set up. Each group was treated with different cisplatin concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 μg/ml), and the half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of each group of the two cell lines was calculated using the CCK8 assay. The corresponding IC50 concentration of the siPRDX3 group in the two cell lines was used to treat cells of each group. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis, and Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax in each group.

Results:
PRDX3 was overexpressed in gastric adenocarcinoma tissue compared with adjacent noncancer tissue (P = 0.0053). After cisplatin treatment, the IC50 in the siPRDX3 group of AGS cells (5.91 ± 0.18 μg/ml) and the siPRDX3 group of MKN-74 cells (3.48 ± 0.30 μg/ml) was significantly lower than in the corresponding siNC groups (10.01 ± 0.99 and 6.39 ± 0.70 μg/ml; P = 0.0022 and 0.0027, respectively). AGS cells (38.81% ± 1.69%) and MKN-74 cells (25.03% ± 2.80%) in the siPRDX3 group showed significantly higher apoptosis rates than in the corresponding siNC groups (23.17% ± 1.43% and 16.7% ± 1.39%; P = 0.0003 and 0.0099, respectively). The expression levels of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax were significantly higher in the siPRDX3 group of both cell lines than in the siNC group (P < 0.0001).

Conclusion:
PRDX3 increases the gastric cancer cell resistance to cisplatin by reducing apoptosis and thus may serve as a target to overcome cisplatin resistance.