bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevention of incisional surgical site infection by subfascial closed suction drainage after open laparotomy
Authors: Isozaki Hiroshi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Open laparotomy with gastroenterological surgery is a surgical procedure results in a relatively high rate (about 10% or more) of incisional surgical site infection (SSI). To reduce incisional SSI after open laparotomy, mechanical preventors, such as subcutaneous wound drainage or negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT), have been tried; however, conclusive results have not been obtained. This study evaluated the prevention of incisional SSI by first subfascial closed suction drainage after open laparotomy.
Methods: A total of 453 consecutive patients who underwent open laparotomy with gastroenterological surgery by one surgeon in one hospital (between August 1, 2011, and August 31, 2022) was investigated. Same absorbable threads and ring drapes were used in this period. Subfascial drainage was used in 250 patients. The incidences of SSIs in the subfascial drainage group were compared to those of in the no subfascial drainage group.
Results:(a) No incisional SSI (superficial and deep) occurred in the subfascial drainage group (superficial = 0% [0/250] and deep = 0% [0/250]). As a result, incidences of incisional SSI of the subfascial drainage group were significantly lower than those of the no subfascial drainage group (superficial = 8.9% [18/203]; deep = 3.4% [7/203]) (p < 0.001 and p = 0.003, respectively). (b) Four out of seven deep incisional SSI patients in the no subfascial drainage group underwent debridement and re-suture under lumbar or general anesthesia. (c) There was no significant difference in the incidences of organ/space SSI of the two groups (3.4% [7/203] in the no subfascial drainage group and 5.2% [13/250] in the subfascial drainage group) (P = 0.491)
Conclusion: Subfascial drainage was associated with no incisional SSI after open laparotomy with gastroenterological surgery.
A Newly Improved Method of Primary Cell Culture: Tissue Block with Continuous Adhesion Subculture in Skin Fibroblast
Authors: Deng Qiyan , Liu Lumei , Tang Ran , Xian Dehai , Zhong Jianqiao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Fibroblasts (FBs) have been widely used as a typical in vitro cell model for investigating the biological processes and cell pathophysiological mechanisms. However, FBs are prone to senescence in cell culture process after several passages. Thus, a new approach to cell culture is quite required to enhance the viability of cells.
Objective
To explore a novel method of primary cell culture based on skin FBs.
Methods
Dermal tissue blocks were obtained from BALB/c neonatal mice and randomly divided into experimental group and control group. The experimental group received the newly improved culture method, namely, continuous adherence subculture of tissue block (CASTB) method; while the traditional subculture method was applied in the control group. Cells at 1st, 5th and 10th passages were collected and identified by using histological/immunohistochemical and western blot analysis. Cellular viability, proliferation, senescence and apoptosis were analyzed through application of cell growth curve, CCK-8 assay, Ki67 assay, β-galactosidase staining, flow cytometry and western blot analysis.
Results
Cells under two culture patterns showed vimentin positive expression via immunohistochemistry and western blot assay. With the increase of passage times, the cellular growth rate in the control group gradually decreased, but no alterations emerged from the experimental group. CASTB remarkably promoted cell growth and proliferation. Besides, a lower apoptosis tendency emerged from the experimental group than the control goup with the increasing passages.
Conclusion
The method of CASTB may offer a large number of primary FBs with higher efficiency and success rate, which is worth of further popularization and application.
Efficacy and Safety of Three Inflation Methods of the Laryngeal Mask Airway Ambu Auraonce: a Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Martínez Teresa Prim , Brogly Nicolás , Guasch Emilia , Díez Jesús , Gilsanz Fernando 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) is commonly used for airway management. A cuff hyperinflation was associated with complications, poor ventilation and increased risk of gastric insufflation. This study was designed to determine the best cuff inflation method of AuraOnceÔ LMA during bronchoscopy and EBUS (Endobronquial Ultrasound Bronchoscopy) procedure.
We designed a Randomized controlled, doble-blind, clinical trial to compare the efficacy and safety of three cuff inflation methods of AuraOnceÔ LMA.
METHODS: 210 consenting patients scheduled for EBUS procedure under general anesthesia, using AuraOnceâ LMA were randomized into three groups depending on cuff insufflation: residual volume (RV), half of the maximum volume (MV), unchanged volume (NV). Parameters regarding intracuff pressure (IP), airway leak pressure (OLP), leakage volume (LV) were assessed, as well as postoperative complications (PC).
RESULTS: 201 (95.7%) patients completed the study. Mean IP differed between groups (MV: 59.4±32.4 cm H2O; RV: 75.1±21.1 cm H2O; NV: 83.1±25.5 cmH20; P<0.01). The incidence of IP > 60 cmH2O was lower in the MV group compared to the other two (MV: 20/65(30.8%); RV:47/69 (68.1%); NV 48/67 (71.6%); p<0.01). The insertion success rate was 89,6% (180/201) at first attempt, with no difference between groups (p=0.38). No difference between groups was found either for OLP (p=0.53), LV (p=0.26) and PC (p=0,16).
CONCLUSION: When a cuff manometer is not available, a partial inflation of AuraOnceÔ LMA cuff using MV method allows to control intracuff pressure, with no significant changes of OLP and LV compared to RV and NV insufflation method.
Registration Clinical Trial: NCT04769791
Parasitic nematode Leidynema appendiculata present in the hindgut microbiome of non-pest cockroach species Blaberus discoidalis
Authors: Schnell Laura J , Khan Faraz , Hart Mel , Davis Maria C 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Cockroach microbiome studies generally focus on pest cockroach species belonging to the Blattidae and Ectobiidae families. There are no reports characterizing the gut microbiome of non-pest cockroach species Blaberus discoidalis (family Blaberidae), which is commonly used as a food source for insectivorous animals. We discovered the parasitic nematode Leidynema appendiculata in the B. discoidalis hindgut during initial work characterizing the gut microbiome of this organism. To determine the proportion of the B. discoidalis colony that was colonized by L. appendiculata, 28S rDNA was amplified using two methods: endpoint polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). B. discoidalis colonies were raised on three diet types (control, high fibre, and high fat and salt) for 21 days before dissection. Each individual was sexed during dissection to identify potential sex-based effects of colonization. Data collected were analysed to determine if diet and sex impacted parasite colonization patterns. LAMP detected a higher proportion of parasite positive samples when compared to endpoint PCR. No sex- or diet-based differences in L. appendiculata colonization were found. This study adds to the limited existing knowledge of the B. discoidalis gut microbiome.
The seeds of invasive plant Triadica sebifera never changed when they return to provenance for five years
Authors: Li Yu-Lin , Xiong Yun-Tao , Wang Chao-Nan , Jing Jie-Ren , Pan Zhi-Li , Wang Yan , Wang Yi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Successful germination and establishment of invasive plants is a key early step in the invasive process which influences the invasive potential. Previous studies have focused on differences in traits between native and invasive plants, but few studies have explored the evolutionary changes in seeds when invasive plants were reintroduced into their homeland. We planted seeds (F1) of 13 Triadica sebifera populations that invaded the United States into their native habitat (31°45′N, 114°39′E, Dawu, China) in 2014. After F1 seeds matured (2019), we collected their seeds (F2) and the seeds of 30 native populations. We tested the differences in physical and chemical properties, seed hormones, and germination traits between the seeds of reintroduced and native Triadica sebifera populations. Although we did not find significant differences in physical and chemical properties and germination traits between the seeds of reintroduced and native Triadica sebifera populations, generally the various contents in reintroduced Triadica sebifera populations were higher than native Triadica sebifera populations. Besides, we found that the seeds of reintroduced populations had significantly higher levels of abscisic acid (ABA) and three gibberellins (GAs) but significantly lower l-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid (ACC) and the ratios of total GA (TGA) to ABA than the seeds of native populations. Dewaxed seed masses and TGA were positively correlated with germination traits, while ACC and ABA were negatively correlated with germination traits. These results suggested that the seeds of invasive plant Triadica sebifera never changed when they from the United States return to its provenance for five years, which could enrich our poor cognition about seed properties changes after experiencing different environments and were beneficial to control invasive plants.
Prospective Memory: the combined impact of cognitive load and task focality
Authors: Cantarella Giovanni , Mastroberardino Serena , Bisiacchi Patrizia , Macaluso Emiliano 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Prospective Memory (PM) entails a set of executive processes primarily associated with the activation of frontal and parietal regions. Both the number of PM targets to be monitored (i.e., task load) and the relationship between the type of PM targets and the ongoing (ONG) task (i.e., task focality) can impact executive monitoring and PM performance. In the present imaging study, we manipulated load and focality of an event-based PM task to test the hypothesis that common resources engage in situations requiring high levels of cognitive control: that is, in high-load (i.e. monitor multiple PM targets), non-focal conditions (i.e. monitor at the same time letters' identity and color). We investigated monitoring-related and detection-related processes by assessing behavior and brain activity separately for ONG trials (monitoring) and PM targets (detection). At the behavioral level, we found a significant interaction between load and focality during detection, with slowest reaction times for focal, high-load PM targets. The imaging analyses of the detection phase revealed the activation of the intraparietal sulcus in the high-load conditions. Both in the monitoring and the detection phases, we found overlapping effects of non-focality and low-load in the fusiform gyrus. Our results suggest that under low-load conditions cognitive control operates via early selection mechanisms in the ventral occipito-temporal cortex. By contrast, high-load conditions entail control at later processing stages within the dorsal parietal cortex. We conclude that load and focality operate via different mechanisms, with the level of task load largely determining how cognitive control selects the most relevant information.
An Ethnobotanical Study of Non-Timber Forest Products in Dorokha, Bhutan
Authors: kumarNepal Tej 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe knowledge of indigenous people regarding the surrounding environment, local biodiversity, and their management have helped them thrive over thousands and millions of years. The indigenous people are local successors of various cultures. Their way of linking the environment with people who have cherished cultural, traditional, environmental, economic, social, and political views is diverse among modern lifestyles. Local traditional knowledge is dependent on the communication of man with nature. Local traditional knowledge focuses on the interrelationships and communications of living entities with one another and their surrounding environment. The survey listed around 146 plant species (52 trees, 19 shrubs, 48 herbs, 5 bamboo, and 23 climbers) under 67 families and 112 genera. Out of 146 species, 6 are used for dye extractions, 6 are used for fibre extractions or as a rope, 31 are used as fodder for livestock, 5 are used as bamboo, 7 are used as fuelwood and 3 species for the broom. NTFP is also used to make agricultural equipment, consumed as snacks, vegetables, and raw fruits, made into pickles, or dried up to be used during the cold season. Out of 246 species, 71 species (22 trees, 6 shrubs, 36 herbs, and 7 climbers) belonging to 46 families and 64 genera were used as medicinal plants.
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder After BIBP COVID-19 Vaccine: A Case Report
Authors: Gutierrez Cristiam , Rodríguez Sandro , Trillo Miguel , Vásquez Alfredo , Aguirre-Quispe Wilfor 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: With the availability of the COVID-19 vaccine, post-vaccination neurological complications have occasionally been reported.
Case presentation: We present a case of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) that developed 1 month after the second dose of BIBP COVID-19 vaccine (SARS-CoV-2-Vaccine [Vero Cell] Inactived). The patient presented itching, numbness of the hand and right side of the face, associated with nausea, vomiting and hiccups. Brain MRI showed lesions in the area postrema, medulla, and bilateral hypothalamus, typical of NMOSD. Serum antibodies to anti-AQP4 and anti-MOG were negative.
Conclusions: The pathogenesis of NMOSD development and the vaccine is still unknown. The presentation of NMOSD is generally aggressive and disabling, it is important for the neurologist to be attentive to the highly variable clinical presentation after vaccination against COVID-9 for early diagnosis and effective treatment.
Comparative Analysis of Rainfall-Runoff Modeling Using Support Vector Machines for Two Dams in Uttarakhand
Authors: Dumka Basant Ballabh , Kumar Pravendra 
Published: January 2023

The main objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the performances of rainfall-runoff models that were developed by using support vector machines (SVMs). Rainfall and runoff data of Haripura and Baur dams were adopted on daily basis from Irrigation Division Rudrapur in Uttarakhand. In this study, radial kernel function was used. As the values of Cost function (C), and varies, performances of the models can be altered. So, at optimum values of these variables, there exists a best correlation between rainfall and runoff. It can be inferred from the study that SVM models provide satisfactory results for both dams. These results can be used for runoff prediction for various purpose such as irrigation etc.
Identification of Small Inhibitors for Human Metadherin, an Oncoprotein,
through in silico Approach
Authors: Khattak Arif Ali , Ahmad Ayaz , Khattak Haider Ali , Irshad Khan Muhammad Zafar 
Published: January 2023

Aims:
Cancer is a disease that takes lives of thousands of people each year. There are more than 100 different types of cancers known to man. This fatal disease is one of the leading causes of death today.

Background:
Astrocyte elevated gene-1(AEG-1)/ Metadherin (MTDH) activates multiple oncogenic signaling pathways and leads to different types of cancers. MTDH interacting with staphylococcal nuclease domain containing 1(SND1) supports the survival and growth of mammary epithelial cells under oncogenic conditions.

Objective:
Silencing MTDH or SND1 individually or disrupting their interaction compromises the tumorigenic potential of tumor-initiating cells. The aim of our present study was to investigate novel interactions of staphylococcal nuclease domain containing 1 (SND1) binding domain of AEG-1/MTDH with different lead compounds through molecular docking approach using MOE software.

Methods:
Molecular docking was done by docking the ChemBridge database against important residues of MTDH involved in interaction with SND1. After docking the whole ChemBridge database, the top 200 interactive compounds were selected based on docking scores. After applying Lipinski’s rule, all the remaining chosen compounds were studied on the basis of binding affinity, binding energy, docking score and protein-ligand interactions. Finally, 10 compounds showing multiple interactions with different amino acid residues were selected as the top interacting compounds.

Results:
Three compounds were selected for simulation studies after testing these compounds using topkat toxicity and ADMET studies. The simulation study indicated that compound 32538601 is a lead compound for inhibiting MTDH-SND1 complex formation.

Conclusion:
These novels, potent inhibitors of MTDH-SND1 complex can ultimately help us in controlling cancer up to some extent.
Comparing the Outcomes of Conventional Coronectomy and Graft Coronectomy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Almontashri Sarah M. , Aldossary Norah M. , Assyria Ali A. 
Published: January 2023

Introduction:
Coronectomy is a widely accepted alternative surgical treatment modality in which only the crown of an impacted tooth is removed, leaving the roots and their associated nerve untouched. Uncertainty remains regarding whether intraoperative bone grafting of the coronectomy socket can reduce the incidence of typical postoperative procedure-related complications.

Objective:
The purpose of this literature review is to compare the outcomes of conventional coronectomy (CC) and grafted coronectomy (GC) in terms of whether adding a bone graft material after coronectomy of impacted mandibular third molars would decrease the incidence of typical complications.

Methods:
A total of 13 cases identified from electronic databases were included in this review based on their clinical relevance.

Results:
In general, there were no significant differences between conventional coronectomy and grafted coronectomy regarding the incidence of postoperative morbidities. However, grafted coronectomy with the placement of a bone graft material in the coronectomy socket could significantly decrease the incidence of root migration requiring re-operation of the exposed roots and reduce the preexisting pocket depth distal to the 2nd molar, especially in patients with mesioangular, impacted or horizontal wisdom teeth.

Conclusion:
According to the existing literature, grafted coronectomy might offer better clinical outcomes and can minimize the typical procedure-related drawbacks of conventional coronectomy while having similar surgical morbidities.
Magnitude of Tetanus Toxoid Immunization and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women in Ethiopia
Authors: Fenta Setegn Muche , Fenta Haile Mekonnen 
Published: January 2023

Background:Maternal and neonatal tetanus remains a major global health problem. Two-thirds of the cases of neonatal tetanus occur in the poorest and least developed countries, including Ethiopia.Objective:This study aimed to calculate the magnitude and identify associated factors of tetanus toxoid immunization among pregnant women in Ethiopia.Methods:The 2016 Ethiopian demographic and health survey data were accessed and used for the analysis. A total of 7193 pregnant women were included in this study. A multilevel hurdle Poisson model was conducted to identify factors associated with tetanus toxoid immunization among pregnant women.Results And Discussion:Only 41.6% of pregnant women had received at least two doses of tetanus vaccine, while 58.4% received less than two doses. The multilevel hurdle Poisson model showed that residence, wealth index, education level of women, occupation of women, education level of husbands, ANC, presence of mobile phones, region, frequency of listening radio and frequency of watching television were significantly associated with tetanus toxoid immunization.Conclusion:Tetanus toxoid immunization coverage in Ethiopia was low. The concerned governmental organization sought to resolve enumeration area variation in tetanus toxoid immunization and closely monitored its implementation. Providing quality antenatal care, enhancing women’s educational level, and involving husbands in tetanus toxoid immunization are effective strategies to increase tetanus toxoid immunization coverage. Besides, the low-income households and the rural settings should also be given special consideration.
Imbalanced Data Analysis of Adolescent Unintended Pregnancy and Pre-marital Sex using Univariate and Bivariate Random Forest
Authors: Zain Ismaini , Rumiati Agnes Tuti , Permatasari Erma Oktania , Sari Nilam Novita 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Unintended pregnancy and pre-marital sex are common in adolescents due to the lack of understanding about Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (ASRH), family planning, and/or birth control.

Aims:
The purpose of this study was to classify unintended pregnancy and pre-marital sex among adolescents in East Java to find the factors behind them.

Methods:
The data used in this research included women of childbearing age based on SKAP by BKKBN in 2019. This study employed SMOTE-NC as a method for handling imbalanced data and random forest as a classification method.

Results:
The result of this study showed that the most influential variable was education and domicile for unintended pregnancy and pre-marital sex, respectively.

Conclusion:
The most influential variable in the classification of unintended pregnancy and pre-marital sex was age was education and domicile for unintended pregnancy and pre-marital sex.
The Treatment Outcome of Smart Device–Based Tinnitus Retraining Therapy: Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Suh Myung-Whan , Park Moo Kyun , Kim Yoonjoong , Kim Young Ho 
Published: January 2023

Background
Tinnitus retraining therapy (TRT) is a standard treatment for tinnitus that consists of directive counseling and sound therapy. However, it is based on face-to-face education and a time-consuming protocol. Smart device–based TRT (smart-TRT) seems to have many advantages, but the efficacy of this new treatment has been questioned.

Objective
The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy between smart-TRT and conventional TRT (conv-TRT).

Methods
We recruited 84 patients with tinnitus. Results were compared between 42 patients who received smart-TRT and 42 control participants who received conv-TRT. An interactive smart pad application was used for directive counseling in the smart-TRT group. The smart pad application included detailed education on ear anatomy, the neurophysiological model of tinnitus, concept of habituation, and sound therapy. The smart-TRT was bidirectional: There were 17 multiple choice questions between each lesson as an interim check. The conv-TRT group underwent traditional person-to-person counseling. The primary outcome measure was the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), and the secondary outcome measure was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS).

Results
Both treatments had a significant treatment effect, which comparably improved during the first 2 months. The best improvements in THI were –23.3 (95% CI –33.1 to –13.4) points at 3 months and –16.8 (95% CI –30.8 to –2.8) points at 2 months in the smart-TRT group and conv-TRT group, respectively. The improvements on the VAS were also comparable: smart-TRT group: –1.2 to –3.3; conv-TRT: –0.7 to –1.7.

Conclusions
TRT based on smart devices can be an effective alternative for tinnitus patients. Considering the amount of time needed for person-to-person counseling, smart-TRT can be a cost-effective solution with similar treatment outcomes as conv-TRT.