bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Landscape of Currently Enrolling Maintenance Trials in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Tariq Syed Maaz , Abdallah Al-Ola , Goodman Aaron , Sborov Douglas , Mohyuddin Ghulam Rehman , Britt Alec 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMaintenance therapies in multiple myeloma improve survival after induction treatment. This study characterizes the strategies for maintenance therapy being employed in currently enrolling clinical trials for patients with multiple myeloma and highlights how high-risk myeloma patients may be assigned to maintenance strategies incongruent with current US guidelines.
Current updates on arrhythmia within Timothy syndrome: genetics, mechanisms and therapeutics
Authors: Jiang Congshan , Zhang Yanmin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTimothy syndrome (TS), characterised by multiple system malfunction especially the prolonged corrected QT interval and synchronised appearance of hand/foot syndactyly, is an extremely rare disease affecting early life with devastating arrhythmia. In this work, firstly, the various mutations in causative geneCACNA1Cencoding cardiac L-type voltage-gated calcium channel (LTCC), regard with the genetic pathogeny and nomenclature of TS are reviewed. Secondly, the expression profile and function ofCACNA1Cgene encoding Cav1.2 proteins, and its gain-of-function mutation in TS leading to multiple organ disease phenotypes especially arrhythmia are discussed. More importantly, we focus on the altered molecular mechanism underlying arrhythmia in TS, and discuss about how LTCC malfunction in TS can cause disorganised calcium handling with excessive intracellular calcium and its triggered dysregulated excitation–transcription coupling. In addition, current therapeutics for TS cardiac phenotypes including LTCC blockers, beta-adrenergic blocking agents, sodium channel blocker, multichannel inhibitors and pacemakers are summarised. Eventually, the research strategy using patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells is recommended as one of the promising future directions for developing therapeutic approaches. This review updates our understanding on the research progress and future avenues to study the genetics and molecular mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of devastating arrhythmia within TS, and provides novel insights for developing therapeutic measures.
Exploring the Throughput Legitimacy of European Union Policy Evaluation: Challenges to Transparency and Inclusiveness in the European Commission’s Consultation Procedures and the Implications for Risk Regulation
Authors: Stephenson Paul 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn its evaluation cycle, the European Commission emphasises the importance of good data and the systematic involvement of a plurality of policy stakeholders, including citizens. Findings from European Union policy evaluation should inform further law-making, encourage learning and provide accountability. Transparent and inclusive formal procedures and tools are seen as essential for securing citizen participation in risk regulation; however, the Commission faces numerous challenges in securing engagement, particularly concerning the complexity of policy issues and the formal procedures for institutionalised consultations. Considering the Commission’s work from a proceduralist perspective, the article engages with Vivien Schmidt’s notion of “throughput legitimacy” to explore recent procedural innovations emerging since the Better Regulation agenda that have sought to enhance accountability, transparency, inclusiveness and openness, ensuring fairer and more balanced input on EU policy performance. The article argues in favour of greater throughput legitimacy in ex post policy evaluation but recognises challenges to the promotion of evaluation tools and their use by citizens.
Proper extensions of the 2-sphere’s conformal group present entropy and are 4-transitive
Authors: LAKATOS ULISSES , TAL FÁBIO 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we prove using elementary techniques that any group of diffeomorphisms acting on the 2-sphere and properly extending the conformal group of Möbius transformations must be at least 4-transitive or, more precisely, arc 4-transitive. As an important consequence, we derive that any such group must always contain an element of positive topological entropy. We also provide a self-contained characterization, in terms of transitivity, of the Möbius transformations within the full group of sphere diffeomorphisms.
Īhām, or the Technique of Double Meaning in Literature: Its Theory and Practice in the Twelfth Century
Authors: Khanjari Shahrouz 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article examines the chapter on īhām (literary amphiboly) in Ḥadāʾiq al-Siḥr by Rashīd Vaṭvāṭ (d. 1182). Ḥadāʾiq, a treatise on stylistics with Persian and Arabic examples, is the oldest extant document to define īhām. Vaṭvāṭ's definition of īhām sheds light on the mechanism and function of this literary technique. This article argues that īhām, according to Vaṭvāṭ, operates through the creation of semantic fields and defamiliarization. Previous scholars who examined this chapter of Ḥadāʾiq, oblivious to this point, have made a number of misinterpretations. However, by analyzing the name he prefers for this figure of speech, the definition he gives, and the examples he cites to explain it, this article demonstrates that Vaṭvāṭ had this function of defamiliarization in mind.
Intestinal absorption of D-fructose isomers, D-allulose, D-sorbose and D-tagatose, via glucose transporter type 5 (GLUT5) but not sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1) in rats
Authors: Kishida Kunihiro , Iida Tetsuo , Yamada Takako , Toyoda Yukiyasu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractD-allulose, D-sorbose and D-tagatose are D-fructose isomers that are called rare sugars. These rare sugars have been studied intensively in terms of biological production and food application as well as physiological effects. There are limited papers with regard to the transporters mediating the intestinal absorption of these rare sugars. We examined whether these rare sugars are absorbed via sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1) as well as via GLUT type 5 (GLUT5) using rats. High-fructose diet fed rats, which express more intestinal GLUT5, exhibited significantly higher peripheral concentrations, Cmax and AUC0–180 min when D-allulose, D-sorbose and D-tagatose were orally administrated. KGA-2727, a selective SGLT1 inhibitor, did not affect the peripheral and portal vein concentrations and pharmacokinetic parameters of these rare sugars. The results suggest that D-allulose, D-sorbose and D-tagatose are likely transported via GLUT5 but not SGLT1 in rat small intestine.
Inequalities Among Political Scientists: Race and Gender Relations During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Candido Marcia Rangel , Catelano Otávio Zilioli , Chaguri Mariana Miggiolaro , Marques Danusa , Elias de Oliveira Vanessa , Biroli Flávia 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTThis study examines the division of labor among political scientists during different periods of the COVID-19 pandemic. The article explores the hypothesis that the pandemic increased inequalities, especially by exacerbating the burden of housework and care responsibilities for women. We ground our analysis on the results of two surveys conducted in Brazil: one shortly after the onset of the pandemic in June 2020; and the other, more recently, from March 2022, after the ending of social-distancing measures. Brazil is a relevant case study because it was an epicenter of the virus for many months. This public health crisis occurred while a denialist and authoritarian government was in power. Considering gender and race variables, the data show a transformation of the dynamics of time organization during the period. At the beginning of the pandemic, men—primarily white men—devoted more time to academic work; in 2022, the most substantive difference was one of race. We observed a greater convergence among white people, as opposed to Black people, about household chores, with the latter group more overloaded than the former group. Traditional class and race inequalities concerning the Brazilian population can contribute to the explanation for this. When in-person work returned, white political scientists began to outsource domestic care more than their nonwhite counterparts.
The prevalence of mental disorders among incarcerated adult men convicted of child sexual exploitation material offences
Authors: Seiser Alexander , Eher Reinhard , Turner Daniel , Rettenberger Martin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveDespite the growing body of research on individuals convicted of child sexual exploitation material (CSEM), relatively little is known about the prevalence of mental disorders in this population. The aim of the present study was to describe the prevalence of mental disorders among individuals convicted of CSEM offenses.MethodsThis cross-sectional study examined data from 66 individuals serving a sentence for CSEM offenses in the Austrian prison system who underwent a clinical assessment between 2002 and 2020. Diagnoses were based on the German version of the Structured Clinical Interview for Axis I and Axis II disorders.ResultsIn the total sample, n = 53 individuals (80.3%) were diagnosed with a mental disorder. Twenty-seven individuals (40.9%) had an Axis I disorder and n = 47 (71.2%) had an Axis II disorder. More than two-thirds of the sample, n = 47 (71.2%), had a personality disorder diagnosis, with cluster B personality disorders being the most frequent mental disorders. More than half of the sample, n = 43 (65.2%), had a diagnosis of pedophilic disorder, of which n = 9 (13.6%) were of the exclusive type. Twenty-eight persons (42.4%) showed evidence of a hypersexual disorder.ConclusionsIn line with previous research, the present sample of convicted CSEM offenders showed a comparatively high prevalence of personality disorders and paraphilic disorders, particularly pedophilic disorders. Additionally, the rate of hypersexual disorder symptoms was considerably high. These findings should be considered for the development of successful risk management strategies for this population.
Weak regulations threaten the safety of consumers from harmful weight-loss supplements globally: results from a pilot global policy scan
Authors: Okoya Funmbi T , Santoso Monique , Raffoul Amanda , Atallah Maya Azar , Bryn Austin S 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjective:To pilot a global policy scan assessing how governments worldwide regulate weight-loss supplements (WLS).Design:Experts on WLS policies from thirty countries that varied by World Bank income classification, with five from each of the six WHO regions, completed an online survey on WLS regulation in their country. The survey covered six domains: legal frameworks; pre-market requirements; claims, labelling, and advertisements; product availability; adverse events reporting; and monitoring and enforcement. Percentages were calculated for presence or absence of a type of regulation.Setting:Experts were recruited through websites of regulatory bodies and professional LinkedIn networks and scientific article searches on Google Scholar.Participants:Thirty experts, one from each country (i.e. researchers, regulators, other experts in food and drug regulation).Results:WLS regulations varied widely across countries, and a number of gaps were identified. One country (Nigeria) has a minimum legal age to purchase WLS. Thirteen countries reported independently evaluating the safety of a new WLS product sample. Two countries have limitations on where WLS can be sold. In eleven countries, reports on adverse events related to WLS are publicly available. In eighteen countries, safety of new WLS is to be established through scientific criteria. Penalties for WLS non-compliance with pre-market regulations exist in twelve countries and labelling requirements in sixteen countries.Conclusions:Results of this pilot study document wide variability in national WLS regulations globally, exposing many gaps in important components of consumer protection regulatory frameworks for WLS, which likely put consumer health at risk.
Francoism, Urban Displacement, and Nostalgia in Flamenco Dance from Seville
Authors: VAN TONGEREN CARLOS 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWhile it is often assumed that flamenco is strongly oriented towards the past, thus far, few scholars have explored the roles of flamenco in voicing memories of the Franco dictatorship (1939–75). During the second half of the dictatorship, a series of natural disasters, combined with new economic and political developments, led to the forced displacement of a number of flamenco artists and their wider communities in various Spanish cities. This article will explore how memories of this episode have impacted the flamenco dance repertoire associated with the Triana neighbourhood in Seville, focusing on three interrelated case studies: the performance and documentary film Triana pura y pura, and recent productions by the flamenco dancers Pastora Galván and Israel Galván. By analysing these performances alongside their historical, social, and institutional contexts, this article conceptualizes the intersections between dance, nostalgia, and festivity as a meaningful scenario of embodied memory in post-Franco Spain.
Variations in Spring Atmospheric Circulation on the Southwestern Tibetan Plateau During Holocene Linked to High‐ and Low‐Latitude Forcing
Authors: Ma Qingfeng , Zhu Liping , Wang Junbo , Ju Jianting , Wang Yong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRecent climate and environment over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) have undergone significant changes, dominated by variations in the Westerlies and the Indian summer monsoon. However, long‐term shifts in atmospheric circulation during the transitional seasons are still lacking. Here we investigate the modern distribution of Tsuga pollen over the central‐western TP and confirm it as an indicator of variable atmospheric circulation in spring. By combining our Tsuga record from Taro Co with existing records in the Tsuga pollen source area, we suggest that a potential particle transport pathway from the southern slope of the Himalayas to the interior of the plateau appeared in the spring of the late Holocene. Our results show that the springtime atmospheric circulation over the southwestern TP during the early and late Holocene is closely related to the substantial remnants of ice sheets at northern high latitudes and the frequency of El Niño events, respectively.
The Io, Europa, and Ganymede Auroral Footprints at Jupiter in the Ultraviolet: Positions and Equatorial Lead Angles
Authors: Hue V. , Gladstone G. R. , Louis C. K. , Greathouse T. K. , Bonfond B. , Szalay J. R. , Moirano A. , Giles R. S. , Kammer J. A. , Imai M. , Mura A. , Versteeg M. H. , Clark G. , Gérard J.‐C. , Grodent D. C. , Rabia J. , Sulaiman A. H. , Bolton S. J. , Connerney J. E. P. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractJupiter's satellite auroral footprints are a consequence of the interaction between the Jovian magnetic field with co‐rotating iogenic plasma and the Galilean moons. The disturbances created near the moons propagate as Alfvén waves along the magnetic field lines. The position of the moons is therefore “Alfvénically” connected to their respective auroral footprint. The angular separation from the instantaneous magnetic footprint can be estimated by the so‐called lead angle. That lead angle varies periodically as a function of orbital longitude, since the time for the Alfvén waves to reach the Jovian ionosphere varies accordingly. Using spectral images of the Main Alfvén Wing auroral spots collected by Juno‐UVS during the first 43 orbits, this work provides the first empirical model of the Io, Europa, and Ganymede equatorial lead angles for the northern and southern hemispheres. Alfvén travel times between the three innermost Galilean moons to Jupiter's northern and southern hemispheres are estimated from the lead angle measurements. We also demonstrate the accuracy of the mapping from the Juno magnetic field reference model (JRM33) at the completion of the prime mission for M‐shells extending to at least 15 RJ. Finally, we shows how the added knowledge of the lead angle can improve the interpretation of the moon‐induced decametric emissions.
The Ultraviolet Martian Dayglow Observed With NOMAD/UVIS on ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter
Authors: Soret L. , Gérard J.‐C. , Hubert B. , Vandaele A. C. , Thomas I. R. , Ristic B. , Willame Y. , Schneider N. , Jain S. , Gupta S. , Mason J. P. , Patel M. R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Trace Gas Orbiter has been orbiting Mars since 2016 with the Nadir and Occultation for MArs Discovery (NOMAD) UltraViolet and Visible Spectrometer (UVIS) instrument on board. Focusing on limb observations recorded in the ultraviolet (UV) part of the NOMAD/UVIS spectra, we describe here the CO Cameron bands, UV doublet and Fox‐Duffendach‐Barker (FDB) bands and [OI] UV emissions. Averaged limb profiles are presented, showing that the strongest brightness and the highest peak altitudes are reached near perihelion. Ratios between the UV emissions are also estimated and compared with previous observations from Mariner and Mars Express. NOMAD/UVIS is the first instrument able to simultaneously acquire data both in the UV and the visible in the Mars atmosphere so that the oxygen green line at 557.7 nm and its UV counterpart at 297.2 nm, both originating from the same O(1S) upper state level, may be directly compared. A mean ratio of 15.8 is derived, in close agreement with ab initio calculations. The spectral composition of the FDB system that has not been observed entirely since the Mariner missions in the 1970s is analyzed. According to the spectral composition of the FDB bands, we show that this emission is produced at ∼70% by photoionization of CO2 (which populates the shorter wavelengths of the spectrum) and ∼30% by resonance scattering of solar radiation (which populates longer wavelengths). No evidence of a change with altitude in the FDB spectral composition is observed in the NOMAD/UVIS spectra.
Primary cells from patients with adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma depend on HTLV-1 Tax expression for NF-κB activation and survival
Authors: Hleihel Rita , Skayneh Hala , de Thé Hugues , Hermine Olivier , Bazarbachi Ali 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAdult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is an aggressive malignancy secondary to chronic infection with human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). The viral oncoprotein Tax initiates T cell transformation through activation of critical cellular pathways, including NF-κB. Unexpectedly, Tax protein is not detectable in most ATL cells, in contrast to the HTLV-1 HBZ protein which antagonizes Tax effects. Here, we demonstrate that primary ATL cells from patients with acute or chronic ATL express very low levels of Tax mRNA and protein. Critically, survival of these primary ATL cells is dependent on continued Tax expression. Mechanistically, Tax extinction results in reversal of NF-κB activation, P53/PML activation and apoptosis. Tax drives interleukin-10 (IL-10) expression and recombinant IL-10 rescues the survival of tax-depleted primary ATL cells. These results demonstrate the critical role of continued Tax and IL-10 expression for the survival of primary ATL cells, highlighting their relevance as therapeutic targets.
Impact of clonal plasma cells in autografts on outcomes in high-risk multiple myeloma patients
Authors: Pasvolsky Oren , Milton Denái R. , Rauf Mikael , Ghanem Sassine , Masood Adeel , Mohamedi Ali H. , Tanner Mark R. , Bashir Qaiser , Srour Samer , Saini Neeraj , Lin Paul , Ramdial Jeremy , Nieto Yago , Tang Guilin , Lee Hans C. , Patel Krina K. , Kebriaei Partow , Thomas Sheeba K. , Weber Donna M. , Orlowski Robert Z. , Rezvani Katy , Champlin Richard , Shpall Elizabeth J. , Lin Pei , Qazilbash Muzaffar H. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMost patients with multiple myeloma (MM) undergoing autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (autoHCT) eventually relapse, perhaps due to the presence of clonal plasma cells (CPC) in the autograft. We conducted a retrospective analysis to evaluate the impact of CPC in the autograft on the outcomes of high-risk chromosomal abnormalities (HRMM) patients undergoing autoHCT between 2008 and 2018. Patients were divided into CPC+ or CPC− in the autograft by next-generation flow cytometry (NGF). There were 75 CPC + autografts (18%) and 341 CPC− (82%). The CPC + group was less likely to achieve MRD-negative complete remission post-transplant (11% vs. 42%; p < 0.001). Median progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were (12.8 vs. 32.1 months) and (36.4 vs. 81.2 months) in the CPC + and CPC− groups, respectively (both p < 0.001). Also in the subset of patients with MRD-negative ≥VGPR prior to autoHCT, those with CPC + autografts had inferior PFS (HR 4.21, p = 0.006) and OS (HR 7.04, p = 0.002) compared to CPC-. In multivariable analysis, the degree of CPC positivity in the autograft was independently predictive of worse PFS (HR 1.50, p = 0.001) and OS (HR 1.37, p = 0.001). In conclusion, both the presence and degree of CPC in the autograft were highly predictive of inferior PFS and OS.
Inequalities in cancer screening participation between adults with and without severe mental illness: results from a cross-sectional analysis of primary care data on English Screening Programmes
Authors: Kerrison Robert Stephen , Jones Alex , Peng Jianhe , Price Gabriele , Verne Julia , Barley Elizabeth Alexandra , Lugton Cam 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
People with severe mental illness (SMI) are 2.5 times more likely to die prematurely from cancer in England. Lower participation in screening may be a contributing factor.

Methods
Clinical Practice Research Datalink data for 1.71 million, 1.34 million and 2.50 million adults were assessed (using multivariate logistic regression) for possible associations between SMI and participation in bowel, breast and cervical screening, respectively.

Results
Screening participation was lower among adults with SMI, than without, for bowel (42.11% vs. 58.89%), breast (48.33% vs. 60.44%) and cervical screening (64.15% vs. 69.72%; all p < 0.001). Participation was lowest in those with schizophrenia (bowel, breast, cervical: 33.50%, 42.02%, 54.88%), then other psychoses (41.97%, 45.57%, 61.98%), then bipolar disorder (49.94%, 54.35%, 69.69%; all p-values < 0.001, except cervical screening in bipolar disorder; p-value > 0.05). Participation was lowest among people with SMI who live in the most deprived quintile of areas (bowel, breast, cervical: 36.17%, 40.23%, 61.47%), or are of a Black ethnicity (34.68%, 38.68%, 64.80%). Higher levels of deprivation and diversity, associated with SMI, did not explain the lower participation in screening.

Conclusions
In England, participation in cancer screening is low among people with SMI. Support should be targeted to ethnically diverse and socioeconomically deprived areas, where SMI prevalence is greatest.