bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression profiling of stemness markers in testicular Germline Stem Cells from neonatal and adult Swiss albino mice during their transdifferentiation in vitro
Authors: Indu Sivankutty , Devi Anandavally N , Sahadevan Mahitha , Sengottaiyan Jeeva , Basu Asmita , K Shabith Raj , Kumar Pradeep G 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background. Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) were considered to be stem cells with limited potencies due to their existence in adult organisms. However, the production of spermatogonial stem cell colonies with broader differentiation capabilities in primary germ cell cultures from mice of select genetic backgrounds (C57BL6/Tg14, ddY, FVB and 129/Ola) indicated that SSCs from these strains were pluripotent.
Methods. We established primary cultures of SSCs from neonatal and adult Swiss 3T3 Albino mice. Stemness of SSC colonies were evaluated by performing real-time PCR and immunofluorescence analysis for a panel of chosen stemness markers. Differentiation potentials of SSCs were examined by attempting the generation of embryoid bodies and evaluating the expression of ectodermal, mesodermal and endodermal markers using immunofluorescence and real-time PCR analysis.
Results. Spermatogonial stem cells from neonatal and mature mice testis colonised in vitroand formed compact spermatogonial stem cell colonies in culture. Alkaline phosphatase positivity and the presence of stem cell marker Oct-4 indicated stemness in these colonies. The differentiation potential of these SSC colonies was demonstrated by their transformation into embryoid bodies upon withdrawal of growth factors from the culture medium. SSC colonies and embryoid bodies formed were evaluated using immunofluorescence and real-time PCR analysis. Embryoid body like structures derived from both neonatal and adult mouse testis were quite similar in terms of the expression of germ layer markers.
Conclusion. These results strongly suggest that SSC-derived EB-like structures could be used for further differentiation into cells of interest in cell-based therapeutics.
Anomalous large-scale collective motion in granular Brownian vibrators
Authors: Zhang Jie , Chen Yangrui 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Using Brownian vibrators, we conducted a study on the structures and dynamics of quasi-2d granular materials with packing fractions φ ranging from 0.111 to 0.832. Our observations revealed a remarkable large-scale collective motion in hard granular disk systems, encompassing four distinct phases: granular fluid, collective fluid, poly-crystal, and crystal. The collective motion emerges at φ=0.317, coinciding with a peak in local density fluctuations. However, this collective motion ceased to exist at φ=0.713 when the system transitioned into a crystalline state.
While the poly-crystal and crystal phases exhibited similarities to equilibrium hard disks, the first two phases differed significantly from the equilibrium systems and previous experiments involving uniformly driven spheres. This disparity suggests that the collective motion arises from a competition controlled by volume fraction. Specifically, it involves an active force and an effective attractive interaction resulting from inelastic particle collisions. Remarkably, these findings align with recent theoretical research on the flocking motion of spherical active particles without alignment mechanisms.
Time to Regain Birthweight and Association with Neurodevelopmental Outcomes among Extremely Preterm Newborns
Authors: Valentine Gregory , Perez Krystle , Wood Thomas , Mayock Dennis , Law Janessa , Kolnik Sarah , Strobel Katie , Brandon Olivia , Comstock Bryan , Heagerty Patrick , Juul Sandra 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
Determine association between time to regain birthweight and 2-year neurodevelopment among extremely preterm (EP) newborns.
Study Design:
Secondary analysis of the Preterm Erythropoietin Neuroprotection Trial evaluating time to regain birthweight, time from birth to weight nadir, time from nadir to regain birthweight, and cumulative weight loss with 2-year corrected Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development 3rd edition.
Results
Among n = 654 EP neonates, those with shorter nadir-to-regain had lower cognitive scores (2–4 days versus ≥ 8 days: -3.5, [CI -7.0, 0.0]; ≤1 day versus ≥ 8 days: -5.0, [CI -10.2, 0.0]) in fully adjusted stepwise forward regression modeling. Increasingly cumulative weight loss was associated with lower cognitive scores (-50 to <-23 percent-days: -4.0, [95% CI -7.6, -0.4]) and language scores (≤-50 percent-days: -5.7, [CI -9.8, -1.6]; -50 to <-23 percent-days: -6.1, [CI -10.2, -2.0]).
Conclusion
Faster nadir-to-regain and prolonged, severe weight loss are associated with adverse 2-year neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Trial Registration
PENUT Trial Registration: NCT01378273. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01378273
Structure of the recombinant RNA polymerase from African Swine Fever Virus
Authors: Werner Finn , Pilotto Simona , Sýkora Michal , Cackett Gwenny , Dulson Christopher 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) is a Nucleo-Cytoplasmic Large DNA Virus which causes an incurable haemorrhagic fever in wild and domesticated pigs with a high impact on global food security. ASFV replicates in the cytoplasm of the infected cell and encodes its own transcription machinery that is independent of cellular factors. Little is known about how this system works at a molecular level and there are currently no approved vaccines nor antiviral drugs to treat the disease. Here, we present methods to produce recombinant ASFV RNA polymerase (RNAP), functional assays suitable to screen for inhibitors, and high-resolution cryo-Electron Microscopy structures of the viral RNAP in different conformational states. The viral RNAP bears a striking resemblance to RNAPII with bona fide homologs of nine of its twelve subunits. Key differences include the fusion of assembly platform subunits RPB3 and RPB11, and an unusual C-terminal domain of the stalk subunit vRPB7 that is related to the eukaryotic mRNA cap 2´-O-methyl transferase 1. Despite the structural conservation with eukaryotic and bacterial polymerases, the ASFV RNAP is resistant to the inhibitors rifampicin and alpha-amanitin, offering the grounds for the development of highly selective inhibitors. The cryo-EM structures and fully recombinant RNAP system together provide an important tool for the design, development, and screening of antiviral drugs in a low biosafety containment environment.
Safety and Efficacy of Suspension procedure compared with Nuss procedure in Pectus excavatum:A propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Zhang Hongyi , Pang yao , Wang kui 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction：Suspensions operation is a minimally invasive surgical treatment in pectus excavatum recently. Process of suspensions does not need to enter the pleural cavity, and thus avoid the heart, pericardium or lung tissue damage to the greatest degree. Through this study, we developed suspensions operation as an alternative option for the treatment of pectus excavatum.
Material and Methods: Of 104 pectus excavatum patients corrected with nuss procedure and suspensions between January 2016 and 2021. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed for age, sex, Haller index involvement in a 1:1 ratio between the two group, the primary safety endpoint was the presence of surgical complications, and the primary efficacy endpoint was Haller index measured postoperatively in each group. Secondary endpoints were and hospital length of stay (LOS), duration of surgical procedure, and postoperative pain degree. Chi-square, Student t test or one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for comparison as appropriate.
Results: There are no differences between Nuss and Suspension procedures in major surgical complications. The efficacy endpoint was measured 18 months after the procedure, presenting a similar efficiency after surgery, Haller index :[Nuss 3.3（2.6-3.7） and Suspension（2.8-3.7）postoperatively, P = .14], measured by CT scan .There are significant differences between Nuss and Suspension procedures in minor surgical complications, patients undergo suspension surgery required less surgical time (35 ±11 versus 75±22 minutes, P < .01) and had shorter LOM (2±1.6 versus 6±2.2days, P < .01) and hospital LOS (5±2.2 versus 2±1.5 days, P < .01). Evaluating the postoperative pain grade of each group, fewer patients with suspension have 4 Grade of pian [Suspension 7 (21.8%) versus Nuss 17(53.1%), P < .05].
Conclusion: In this propensity-matched score analysis, patients with pectus excavatum, both surgical approaches have the same reliable surgical safety and outcome, and the suspension approach has the advantage of being simpler, less risky, and less painful for the patient after surgery, making suspension surgery an option for minimally invasive orthopedic surgery in these patients.
Formulation Development and Characterization of Polymeric Nanocarrier Encapsulating Phytoconstituents for The Treatment of Cancer
Authors: Yadav Agrima , Yadav Shikha 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Herbal medications have emerged as a prominent focus within the pharmaceutical industry due to their well-established efficacy and limited occurrence of adverse effects. Moreover, in contrast to synthetic drugs, herbal medications exhibit a comparable level of interest in the production of nanoparticles. Polymeric nanoparticles have emerged as a crucial method for enhancing medication bioavailability and enabling targeted distribution to the desired location of action. Due to its medicinal properties, which include analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant effects. Formulations were prepared using different ingredients using the solvent evaporation method. Polyvinyl alcohol, Polylactic acid was used as a biodegradable polymer, HPMC, Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and Sucrose. Sunitinib Malate is an active pharmaceutical ingredient that is a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor and chemotherapeutic drug. Physalis peruviana was extracted by the maceration method. The extract of the Physalis peruviana was encapsulated, Quercetin is the flavonoid that worked as a main constituent. The current study indicates that Physalis peruviana-loaded nanoparticles assist in the anti-cancer activity effectively.
Feasibility Study of Sygno iFlow in Predicting Post-Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty Hemodynamic Improvement in Peripheral Artery Disease
Authors: Tang Ming , Zeng Fanyi , Chang Xindong , He Mingfei , Fang Qingqing , Xue Lele , Luo Xinyi , Yin Shiwu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective: The present investigation aims to scrutinize the feasibility of prognosticating clinical outcomes during the percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) procedures applied to patients afflicted with peripheral artery disease (PAD), utilizing the Sygno iFlow technology.
Methods:Retrospectively enrolling 76 patients from December 2021 to May 2023, yielding a total of 77 affected limbs, this study employs clinical outcomes (improvement or otherwise) as the gold standard. Two physicians conducted visual assessments on both DSA and iFlow images to gauge patient improvement and assessed inter-observer consistency for each image modality. The Time to Peak (TTP) of regions of interest (ROIs) at the femoral head, knee joint, and ankle joint was measured. Differences in pre- and post-procedure TTP were juxtaposed, and statistically significant parameter cutoff values were identified via ROC analysis. Employing these cutoffs for TTP classification, multiple logistic regression and the C-statistic were utilized to assess the predictive value of distinct parameters for clinical success.
Results: PTA exhibited technical and clinical success rates of 82.58% and 75.32%, respectively. Diagnostic performance of iFlow image visual assessment surpassed that of DSA images. Inter-observer agreement for iFlow and DSA image evaluations was equivalent (κ = 0.48 vs 0.50). Post-classification using cutoff values, multiple logistic regression demonstrated the statistical significance of ankle joint TTP in PTA's post-procedure iFlow images for clinical success evaluation (OR 7.21; 95% CI 1.68, 35.21; P=0.010), with a C-statistic of 0.612.
Conclusion: Sygno iFlow color-encoded imagery holds practical value in appraising post-PTA technical success, offering comprehensive lower limb arterial perfusion visualization. Its quantifiable parameters exhibit promising potential for prognosticating clinical success.
Scalp Acupuncture for Consciousness State Management in ICU: a protocol of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jiang Ruowen , Sun Tianze , Lyu Guangyan , Xyue Jiawei , Wang Junwu , Wang Jun , Wang Xue 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
[BACKGROUND]
Consciousness disorder is a common clinical symptom in the intensive care unit (ICU). Whether it is the change of awakening or consciousness content, it will bring challenges to the treatment, affect patients' compliance, and even lead to unnecessary complications. It is essential to improve the management of consciousness disorder in the ICU. Scalp acupuncture is commonly using for nervous system diseases as an acupuncture intervention in China. However, considering the characteristics of patients in the ICU, whether scalp acupuncture can be used safely and effectively in the management of consciousness disorder in the ICU needs careful evaluation.
[OBJECTIVE]
To understand the role of scalp acupuncture for consciousness disorder management in ICU and provide clinical evidence for a non-medication intervention for consciousness disorder management in ICU.
[METHODS]
hrough randomized controlled trial, patients in ICU will be allocated into two groups (acupuncture group and medication group). During consciousness management in ICU, acupuncture group receive both scalp acupuncture and medication, while medication group receive medication only. Discuss the role, effect, and safety of scalp acupuncture in the management of consciousness disorder in ICU.
[TRIAL REGISTRATION] ChiCTR2300069586.
VERSION Modified on 28th March 2023.
Temporal Evolution of Hurricane Activity: Insights from Decades of Category 1-5 Analysis
Authors: Neto José Augusto Ferreira , Mendes David , Gonçalves Weber Andrade , Cintra Marcio Machado , Oliveira José Francisco 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study conducts an in-depth analysis of hurricane trajectories and their variabilities across categories 1 to 5 over several decades. Utilizing HURDAT2 data from 1961 to 2021, the analysis categorizes hurricanes based on the rate of pressure drop within a six-hour interval, revealing distinct patterns in intensification and weakening among different categories. The K-means clustering method synthesized hurricane trajectories into representative paths, illustrating significant variations among decades. The research indicates that Category 1 and 2 hurricanes predominantly originate from tropical depressions, with this trend slightly intensifying in Categories 3 and 4. In contrast, Category 5 displayed variation, revealing an increased frequency in subsequent decades. Moreover, the study analyzes the monthly distribution of hurricanes, finding September as the peak month across categories. The analysis further detects a significant interannual variability with a noticeable intensification in hurricane activity since the 1990s, albeit with some reductions in the early 2010s. The Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE) is used to summarize cyclonic activities, with results indicating a decrease from 1970–1995, followed by a consistent surge over the last 15 years. This is aligned with previous research suggesting an approximately 60% increase in ACE since the 1980s. Additionally, an analysis of North Atlantic basin data reflects a progressive increase in the frequency of named storms and hurricanes, particularly from 1991 onwards. In conclusion, the study highlights not only an escalating frequency of hurricanes but also an enhanced variability and unpredictability, which necessitates further research to comprehend the underlying causes and evaluate the potential socio-economic and environmental consequences.
Structurally similar G protein complexes with β1-adrenergic receptor active state show differential binding kinetics, mediating selectivity
Authors: Nietlispach Daniel , Jones Andrew , Harman Thomas , Harris Matthew , Lewis Oliver , Ladds Graham 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) bind to different G protein α-subtypes with varying degrees of selectivity. The mechanism by which GPCRs achieve this selectivity is still unclear. Using 13C methyl methionine and 19F NMR we investigated active states of β1AR agonist bound and in ternary complex with different G proteins in solution. We found the receptor in the ternary complexes adopted very similar conformations. In contrast the full agonist-bound receptor active state assumed a conformation different from previously characterized activation intermediates or from β1AR in ternary complexes. Assessing the kinetics of binding of the agonist-bound receptor with different G proteins we found the increased affinity of β1AR for Gs resulted from its much faster association with the receptor. Consequently, we suggest a kinetic-driven selectivity gate between canonical and secondary coupling which arises from differential favourability of G protein binding to the agonist-bound receptor active state.
Stability Trend Analysis of Light Lanthanide Complexes with a Fluorophenyl-dipicolinamide: A Quantum Chemical Study
Authors: Wang Bingchun , Zhang Xinyi , Li Taotao , Chen Miaogen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Context Extracting actinides from lanthanides is a crucial step in the reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel, and inevitably the interaction of ligands with lanthanides needs to be considered either. N,N'-diethyl-N,N'-di(para)fluorophenyl-2,6-dipicolinamid (FDPA) has been identified as a promising ligand in lanthanide-actinide separation. In this work, the stability trend of light lanthanide (Ln(III), from La(III) to Eu(III)) complexes with FDPA were theoretically analyzed using density functional theory (DFT). The bond strength, nature of bonding and thermodynamic properties were investigated in an attempt to reveal the affinities for Ln(III). Based on our calculations, the FDPA binds to Ln(III)s via closed-shell interactions. The bond strength for most Ln(III) complexes gradually decreases, which trend consistent with water, making them extractable with little selectivity. Exceptionally, FDPA shows significant selectivity for Ce(III) and Nd(III) due to energetical exclusion.Methods All the DFT calculations were carried out by Gaussian 09 E.01 program suite. The SC-ECP and ECP28MWB-SEG basis sets were used for all the Ln(III)s, and the 6-311g(d,p) basis set was used for other atoms. Vibrational frequency calculations can ensure the structure obtained are minimized on the potential energy surface. The QTAIM parameters were measured by Multiwfn 3.8.
Diagnosis subtype of endometrial carcinoma using a deep learning model based on histopathological images
Authors: Qi Lisha , Li Lingmei , Guo Yijun , Rui Yin , Wang Jingyi , Cao Lu , Gao Yanan , Chen Dandan , Qiao Ge , Liu Ming , Li Xiaofeng , Ma Yaomei , Zhang Su , Xiao Huiting , Jiang Zhongmin , Ma Wenjuan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The histological determination of endometrial carcinoma (EC) remains the keystone in the diagnostic process and helps patients receive appropriate and effective treatment. We focused on constructing a prognostic deep learning (DL) model, which was trained and validated using four independent cohorts of 4108 Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stained images from 1027 patients with multiple magnifications. The model yields an averaged area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) of 0.962 from the internal dataset, an AUROC of 0.878 on an external dataset from another medical center, and an AUROC of 0.930 on the different scanners dataset, and an AUROC of 0.926 on the poor quality slides dataset, respectively. The predictive value by DL was significant with the mutant P53 of EC (p<0.05). Furthermore, the predictive performance of the model was better than the primary and senior pathologist's prediction (AUC= 0.962, 0.722 and 0.868, respectively). The DL model can accurately highlight morphological characteristics in H&E images and provide indications into the diagnosis and stratification for the management.
Long-term monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and variants in Ethiopia provides prediction for immunity and cross-immunity
Authors: Merkt* Simon , Ali* Solomon , Gudina* Esayas Kebede , Adissu Wondimagegn , Muenchhoff Maximilian , Adissu Wondimagegn , Graf Alexander , Krebs Stefan , Elsbernd Kira , Kisch Rebecca , Sirgu Sisay , Fantahun Bereket , Bekele Delayehu , Rubio-Acero Raquel , Gashaw Mulatu , Girma Eyob , Yilma Daniel , Zeynudin Ahmed , Paunovic Ivana , Hoelscher Michael , Blum Helmut , Hasenauer* Jan , Kroidl* Arne , Wieser* Andreas 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Under-reporting of COVID-19 cases and the lack of information about circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants remain major challenges for many African countries to date. To address this, we present a comprehensive analysis of the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 infections in Ethiopia, focusing on reinfection dynamics, (variant-specific) immunity, and the impact of vaccination rates. We conducted an antibody serology study, sequenced positive polymerase chain reaction tests, used available test positivity rates, and constructed two mathematical models integrating these data sets. A multivariant model was used to explore the variant dynamics and differential susceptibility to reinfection based on genetic distances between variants, identifying wildtype, alpha, delta, and omicron BA.4/5 as the four most important variants in Ethiopia. Cross-immunity between variants is investigated, revealing immunities ranging from 24% to 69% risk reduction. A second, antibody-level focused model, predicts slow antibody decay, particularly for Anti-S antibodies, leading to sustained high antibody levels until present times. Retrospectively, it suggests that increased early vaccination could have substantially reduced infections during the delta and omicron waves. However, as a large proportion of the population might have already had multiple infections that led to a strong immune response, further vaccination is less likely to have a significant impact now.

*The authors would like to note that Simon Merkt, Solomon Ali, Esayas Kebede Gudina, Jan Hasenauer, Arne Kroidl, and Andreas Wieser respectively contributed equally.
IPLOT-VKA: an Integral-method Powell-pLOT-enhanced Visual Kinetic Analysis for the determination of orders of reaction
Authors: Landi Alessandro , Monaco Guglielmo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Determination of partial orders in kinetics is a general entry step for any mechanistic investigation; recently, considerable attention has been given to the benefits of using visual methods to help in this task, such as easy utilization and data-efficiency. Here, the classic method by Powell and Margerison has been revisited and improved adding new features (e.g. quantitative estimation of errors), the set of analytical working equation has been widened, and a free, open-access and easy-to-use Web-application, named IPLOT-VKA has been developed. Several examples, taken from reference teaching experiences and from recent literature in catalysis show the efficacy and accuracy of our method.