bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reassessing the causal connection between satDNA dynamics and chromosomal evolution in Ctenomys (Rodentia, Ctenomyidae): Unveiling the overlooked importance of the Y chromosome
Authors: Caraballo Diego A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Satellite dna s (satDNA) have long been recognized as a major driving force in karyotypic repatterning, owing to their ability to recombine between non-homologous chromosomes. A quite extensively studied model is the Repetitive PvuII Ctenomys Sequence (rpcs), the main component of constitutive heterochromatin in rodents of the genus Ctenomys (Rodentia, Ctenomyidae). At the genus level, fluctuations in rpcs copy number have been previously associated with karyotypic instability. However, when a microevolutionary approach was assayed in the most karyotypically variable lineage of the genus, the vast population-level copy number variation precluded any possibility of analyzing it in a phylogenetic framework. The existence of sex-related differences as a source of variability was not considered until later, when chromosomal banding suggested that the Y chromosome may be a significant reservoir of rpcs. This study aimed to investigate the bias associated with the presence of the Y chromosome in rpcs copy number variation in the Corrientes group of Ctenomys. The results revealed that the Y chromosome harbors almost twice the amount of rpcs compared to the rest of the chromosome complement, explaining the high levels of intrapopulation variation. The evolution of rpcs copy number in males and females showed independent patterns, attributable to the presence/absence of the Y chromosome. The correlation between rpcs dynamics and diploid number fluctuations was also investigated, concluding that some karyotypic repatterning events could be explained by satDNA amplification/deletion, but not all of them. This study highlights the importance of considering differences resulting from the differential accumulation of satDNA in the heterogametic chromosome.
Human Rights Due Diligence and the Climate Change Dimension: Implications for Investor Responsibility in International Investment Law
Authors: Cheong Sek Lun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The concept of human rights due diligence (hrdd) of businesses under the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (ungps) is an important milestone in the standards of business conduct. The responsibility of businesses to conduct hrdd is focused on the human rights risks to, or impacts on, communities from business activities. Recent developments highlight the increasing convergence and integration between the ungps’ framework of hrdd and climate change. This synergy contrasts starkly with the state of the international investment regime, which has traditionally been characterized as operating in isolation from other fields in international law, notably human rights and environmental law. Given that international investment law is now increasingly featuring the human rights responsibility of foreign investors – in particular with respect to the ungps’ framework of hrdd or its public-interest aspect – the intersection of human rights and international investment law serves as a potential pathway to advancing investor responsibility for the climate-related harm that investment activities may cause.
What If Leader Was (Not) One of Us?
Authors: Viviani Lorenzo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
By differentiating the dynamics of leader democracy from those of populist leadership, this paper provides a political-sociological theoretical framework that can identify the ideal-types of the personalisation of leadership in advanced democracies. In the first part, the article develops the main features of leader democracy from the perspective of democratic elitism, highlighting how process does not entail a partyless democracy. The second part focuses on the disintermediation process in populist leadership, which is presented as a particular form of plebiscitary politics. The proposed theoretical framework diverges from the stream of the literature on populism, which tends to equate populist leadership with charismatic leadership. Furthermore, the article points out the substantial differences between the personalisation of the populist and charismatic leadership styles by comparing the key issues of populism and charisma in the processes of personalisation thus proposing an interpretative framework to resolve the contradictions among the dominant interpretative frameworks.
L’Invitée de Simone de Beauvoir et Ravages de Violette Leduc
Authors: Brioude Mireille 
Published: August 2023

Résumé
L’étude comparée de L’Invitée de Simone de Beauvoir, publié en 1943, et de Ravages de Violette Leduc, publié en 1955, met en lumière une divergence de conception de la création romanesque entre les deux écrivaines. La place prépondérante du dialogue dans les deux œuvres érige ce dernier en concurrent d’une narration à la première personne, ce qui introduit dans les romans un double plan discursif, interrogeant par là-même le mode d’écriture des deux projets romanesques. L’article souligne en particulier le statut inconscient d’une structure discursive genrée faisant apparaître une « parole féminine » fragile ou, au contraire, puissante.
Gin, Tonic, and Other Delicious Combinations
Authors: Dold Kayla Morgan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In her 1927 diary, Simone de Beauvoir documents her intent to mix literary style with philosophical content. However, in Anglophone research environments, her works are formally classified as either literature or philosophy. This article questions the legitimacy of this classification by arguing that The Ethics of Ambiguity’s stylistic use of first-person plural narration, metaphor, conversational style, and parable help us understand ambiguity and freedom as necessarily embodied by invoking experiences of both phenomena.
The Lightscape as Literary Motif for Inequality in Les Belles Images, The Mandarins, and America Day by Day
Authors: Bal Amber 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This article examines Simone de Beauvoir’s use of a literary motif to convey her philosophical position on inequality in different geographical locations. The “lightscape,” an evocation of place that foregrounds light’s obfuscation of gritty reality, is considered across three works: Les Belles Images, The Mandarins, and America Day by Day. In these texts, the lightscape’s bifurcated presentation of a given locale reflects how inequality hides in plain sight, and divides the rich from the poor, respectively aligning them with the beautiful and the abject.
Je suis une femme, de là je pense
Authors: Bauer Nancy , Walsh Francis 
Published: August 2023

Résumé
Comment lire la revendication de Simone de Beauvoir, dans Le Deuxième Sexe, d’être représentative du concept de « femme » ? Déplaçant la question cartésienne « Qu’est-ce qu’un homme ? », répondant « Je suis » à la question « Qu’est-ce qu’une femme ? », Beauvoir fait du concept de « femme » le fondement d’une dialectique du quotidien et du métaphysique, en plus de s’arroger une autorité philosophique neuve. Dès lors, lire Le Deuxième Sexe en parallèle des Méditations de Descartes, c’est lire Beauvoir découvrant un cogito corporel.
Predictors of treatment response and survival outcomes in patients with advanced cardiac AL amyloidosis
Authors: Gustine Joshua N. , Staron Andrew , Mendelson Lisa , Joshi Tracy , Gopal Deepa M. , Siddiqi Omar K. , Ruberg Frederick L. , Sanchorawala Vaishali 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Patients with advanced cardiac immunoglobulin light chain (AL) amyloidosis have a poor prognosis. Early hematologic and cardiac responses can prolong survival, but predictors of these outcomes have yet to be clarified. We report on 142 patients with newly diagnosed stage IIIb AL amyloidosis. After a median follow-up of 60 months, the median overall survival (OS) was 9 months. Independent baseline factors associated with shorter OS were symptom onset to diagnosis &gt;6 months (hazard ratio [HR], 1.94; P = .003); bone marrow plasmacytosis ≥ 10% (HR, 1.98; P = .01); troponin I &gt; 0.635 ng/mL (HR, 1.62; P = .04); New York Heart Association class III or IV (HR, 1.67; P = .04); and 6-minute walk test distance &lt; 200 m (HR, 1.85; P = .01). Early hematologic (within 1 month) and cardiac (within 3 months) responses were significantly associated with longer survival. In a 1-month landmark analysis, patients with a hematologic very good partial response, partial response, and no response had a median OS of 47, 25, and 5 months, respectively (P &lt; .0001). Patients with cardiac response at 3 months had significantly longer OS (47 vs 11 months; P &lt; .0001). On multivariable modeling, bortezomib use was associated with early hematologic and cardiac responses and longer OS. Symptom onset to diagnosis duration of &gt;6 months and difference between the involved and uninvolved free light chain &gt; 350 mg/L were independently associated with lower odds of an early cardiac response. This study identified factors predictive of treatment outcomes and survival in advanced cardiac AL amyloidosis.
AML with complex karyotype: extreme genomic complexity revealed by combined long-read sequencing and Hi-C technology
Authors: Klever Marius-Konstantin , Sträng Eric , Hetzel Sara , Jungnitsch Julius , Dolnik Anna , Schöpflin Robert , Schrezenmeier Jens-Florian , Schick Felix , Blau Olga , Westermann Jörg , Rücker Frank G. , Xia Zuyao , Döhner Konstanze , Schrezenmeier Hubert , Spielmann Malte , Meissner Alexander , Melo Uirá Souto , Mundlos Stefan , Bullinger Lars 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia with complex karyotype (CK-AML) is associated with poor prognosis, which is only in part explained by underlying TP53 mutations. Especially in the presence of complex chromosomal rearrangements, such as chromothripsis, the outcome of CK-AML is dismal. However, this degree of complexity of genomic rearrangements contributes to the leukemogenic phenotype and treatment resistance of CK-AML remains largely unknown. Applying an integrative workflow for the detection of structural variants (SVs) based on Oxford Nanopore (ONT) genomic DNA long-read sequencing (gDNA-LRS) and high-throughput chromosome confirmation capture (Hi-C) in a well-defined cohort of CK-AML identified regions with an extreme density of SVs. These rearrangements consisted to a large degree of focal amplifications enriched in the proximity of mammalian-wide interspersed repeat elements, which often result in oncogenic fusion transcripts, such as USP7::MVD, or the deregulation of oncogenic driver genes as confirmed by RNA-seq and ONT direct complementary DNA sequencing. We termed this novel phenomenon chromocataclysm. Thus, our integrative SV detection workflow combing gDNA-LRS and Hi-C enables to unravel complex genomic rearrangements at a very high resolution in regions hard to analyze by conventional sequencing technology, thereby providing an important tool to identify novel important drivers underlying cancer with complex karyotypic changes.
Microglia Sirt6 modulates the transcriptional activity of NRF2 to ameliorate high-fat diet-induced obesity
Authors: Xiao Xiaoxia , Hu Huiling , Zhong Yadi , Chen Yingjian , Tang Kaijia , Pan Zhisen , Huang Jiawen , Yang Xiaoying , Wang Qi , Gao Yong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Microglia play a pivotal role in neuroinflammation, while obesity triggers hypothalamic microglia activation and inflammation. Sirt6 is an important regulator of energy metabolism in many peripheral tissues and hypothalamic anorexic neurons. However, the exact mechanism for microglia Sirt6 in controlling high-fat diet-induced obesity remain unknown.

Methods
Microglia Sirt6 expression levels under various nutritional conditions were measured in the hypothalamus of mice. Also, microglia Sirt6-deficient mice were provided various diets to monitor metabolic changes and hypothalamic inflammatory response. Besides, RNA-seq and Co-IP of microglia with Sirt6 alterations were conducted to further investigate the detailed mechanism by which Sirt6 modulated microglia activity.

Results
We found that Sirt6 was downregulated in hypothalamic microglia in mice given a high-fat diet (HFD). Additionally, knockout of microglia Sirt6 exacerbated high-fat diet-induced hypothalamic microglial activation and inflammation. As a result, mice were more prone to obesity, exhibiting a decrease in energy expenditure, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin and leptin resistance, and increased food intake. In vitro, Sirt6 overexpression in BV2 cells displayed protective effects against oleic acid and palmitic acid treatment-derived inflammatory response. Mechanically, Sirt6 deacetylated and stabilised NRF2 to increase the expression of anti-oxidative genes and defend against reactive oxygen species overload. Pharmacological inhibition of NRF2 eliminated the beneficial modulating effects of Sirt6 on microglial activity.

Conclusion
Collectively, our results revealed that microglial Sirt6 was a primary contributor of microglial activation in the central regulation of obesity. Thus, microglial Sirt6 may be an important therapeutic target for obesity.
Identification of adipose tissue transcriptomic memory of anorexia nervosa
Authors: Zapata Rizaldy C. , Nasamran Chanond A. , Chilin-Fuentes Daisy R. , Dulawa Stephanie C. , Osborn Olivia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a complex debilitating disease characterized by intense fear of weight gain and excessive exercise. It is the deadliest of any psychiatric disorder with a high rate of recidivism, yet its pathophysiology is unclear. The Activity-Based Anorexia (ABA) paradigm is a widely accepted mouse model of AN that recapitulates hypophagia and hyperactivity despite reduced body weight, however, not the chronicity.

Methods
Here, we modified the prototypical ABA paradigm to increase the time to lose 25% of baseline body weight from less than 7 days to more than 2 weeks. We used this paradigm to identify persistently altered genes after weight restoration that represent a transcriptomic memory of under-nutrition and may contribute to AN relapse using RNA sequencing. We focused on adipose tissue as it was identified as a major location of transcriptomic memory of over-nutririon.

Results
We identified 300 dysregulated genes that were refractory to weight restroration after ABA, including Calm2 and Vps13d, which could be potential global regulators of transcriptomic memory in both chronic over- and under-nutrition.

Conclusion
We demonstrated the presence of peristent changes in the adipose tissue transcriptome in the ABA mice after weight restoration. Despite being on the opposite spectrum of weight perturbations, majority of the transcriptomic memory genes of under- and over-nutrition did not overlap, suggestive of the different mechanisms involved in these extreme nutritional statuses.
Topically applied fullerenols protect against radiation dermatitis by scavenging reactive oxygen species
Authors: Yin Hanying , Gao You , Chen Weiguang , Tang Chen , Zhu Zihan , Li Kun , Xia Siyu , Han Changshun , Ding Xiaoyan , Ruan Fengkai , Tian Hanrui , Zhu Changfeng , Xie Suyuan , Zuo Zhenghong , Liao Lixin , He Chengyong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAdverse skin reactions caused by ionizing radiation are collectively called radiation dermatitis (RD), and the use of nanomedicine is an attractive approach to this condition. Therefore, we designed and large-scale synthesized fullerenols that showed free radical scavenging ability in vitro. Next, we pretreated X-ray-exposed cells with fullerenols. The results showed that pretreatment with fullerenols significantly scavenged intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced and enhanced the antioxidant capacity, protecting skin cells from X-ray-induced DNA damage and apoptosis. Moreover, we induced RD in mice by applying 30 Gy of X-ray irradiation, followed by treatment with fullerenols. We found that after treatment, the RD scores dropped, and the histological results systematically demonstrated that topically applied fullerenols could reduce radiation-induced skin epidermal thickening, collagen deposition and skin appendage damage and promote hair regeneration after 35 days. Compared with Trolamine cream, a typical RD drug, fullerenols showed superior radiation protection. Overall, the in vitro and in vivo experiments proved that fullerenols agents against RD.
Effects of biochar on soil evaporation and moisture content and the associated mechanisms
Authors: Feng Weiying , Wang Tengke , Yang Fang , Cen Rui , Liao Haiqing , Qu Zhongyi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHigh soil evaporation levels are a major contributor to loss of soil moisture in arid and semiarid regions globally. Therefore, it is important to use effective measures to slow the evaporation from farmland soils. We applied various amounts of straw biochar (BC) in a soil column experiment and a field experiment to study the influence of BC on soil evaporation and moisture content, respectively, to improve the water use efficiency of cultivated soil in arid areas. The addition of BC reduced soil evaporation and delayed water loss from the soil by evaporation. In the field experiment, cumulative evaporation in the treatments declined by 9.58% (Bo-10), 10.95% (Bo-30), and 4.2% (Bo-50) compared with that in the control group, demonstrating that 30 t/hm2 BC is the most effective at suppressing soil evaporation. BC also delayed the time required for the soil moisture content to drop to field capacity and increased the upward transport of water from the deeper soil layers at night. Data from continuous monitoring of moisture content for 3 days during each growth period revealed that the increases in moisture replenishment were 18.52–79.62% at the seedling stage, 55.81–202.38% at the jointing stage, 270.83–587.5% at the tassel stage, and 6.66–61.64% at the maturation stage; hence, BC was shown to work best at the tassel stage.
Evolutionary analysis of the mTOR pathway provide insights into lifespan extension across mammals
Authors: Yang Fei , Liu Xing , Li Yi , Yu Zhenpeng , Huang Xin , Yang Guang , Xu Shixia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundLifespan extension has independently evolved several times during mammalian evolution, leading to the emergence of a group of long-lived animals. Though mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is shown as a central regulator of lifespan and aging, the underlying influence of mTOR pathway on the evolution of lifespan in mammals is not well understood.ResultsHere, we performed evolution analyses of 72 genes involved in the mTOR network across 48 mammals to explore the underlying mechanism of lifespan extension. We identified a total of 20 genes with significant evolution signals unique to long-lived species, including 12 positively selected genes, four convergent evolution genes, and five longevity associated genes whose evolution rate related to the maximum lifespan (MLS). Of these genes, four positively selected genes, two convergent evolution genes and one longevity-associated gene were involved in the autophagy response and aging-related diseases, while eight genes were known as cancer genes, indicating the long-lived species might have evolved effective regulation mechanisms of autophagy and cancer to extend lifespan.ConclusionOur study revealed genes with significant evolutionary signals unique to long-lived species, which provided new insight into the lifespan extension of mammals and might bring new strategies to extend human lifespan.
Isolation and characterization of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria from rhizosphere of poplar on road verge and their antagonistic potential against various phytopathogens
Authors: Qingwei Zeng , Lushi Tang , Yu Zhang , Yu Shao , Wanting Wu , Jiangchuan Wang , Xiaolei Ding , Xuejiao Han , Bilal Muhammad 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) can solubilize insoluble phosphate compounds and improve phosphate availability in soil. Road verges are important in urban landscaping, but the population structure of PSB and their ecological functions in the road verge soil is still unclear.

Results
Twenty-one mineral PSB strains and 14 organic PSB strains were isolated from the rhizosphere of poplar on urban road verge. All the mineral PSB strains showed better solubilization to Ca3(PO4)2 than FePO4 or AlPO4. Among them, 7 strains showed high phosphate-solubilizing (PS) activities to Ca3(PO4)2 (150–453 mg/L). All the organic PSB strains displayed weak solubilization to lecithin. 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenetic analysis showed good species diversity of the PSB strains, which belongs to 12 genera: Bacillus, Cedecea, Cellulosimicrobium, Delftia, Ensifer, Paenibacillus, Pantoea, Phyllobacterium, Pseudomonas, Rhizobium, Sinorhizobium and Staphylococcus. Moreover, 8 PSB strains showed various degrees of growth inhibition against 4 plant pathogenic fungi, Fusarium oxysporum S1, F. oxysporum S2, Pythium deliense Meurs Z4, Phomopsis sp. AC1 and a plant pathogenic bacterium, Pectobacterium carotovorum TP1.

Conclusions
The results indicated that these PSB strains could perform multiple ecological functions on road verge. The development and application of bio-agents based on the strains would provide a new strategy for maintaining and improving the ecosystem stability of road verges.
Investigating the impact of fluid status on the ultrasound assessment of muscle quantity and quality in the diagnosis of sarcopenia – a multidimensional cross-sectional study
Authors: Stanley Benjamin , Greig Carolyn , Jackson Thomas , Lewis Danielle , Moorey Hannah , Majid Zainab , Masud Tahir , Pinkney Thomas , Welch Carly 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Sarcopenia is a clinical manifestation of adverse ageing, characterised by progressive loss of muscle mass and function. Diagnosis requires assessment of muscle quantity and quality; ultrasound represents an emerging tool for this. However, ultrasound muscle assessment may be impacted by fluid balance. This is particularly important when assessing for acute sarcopenia in hospitalised patients, where fluid disturbance often occurs. The primary aim of this study was to characterise the impact of fluid status on ultrasound muscle assessment, such that this may be accounted for in sarcopenia diagnostics.

Methods
This Multidimensional Cross-sectional study involved 80 participants, who were inpatients at QEHB, a large UK tertiary centre. Fluid status was evaluated clinically and quantified using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). Muscle quantity was measured using Bilateral Anterior Thigh Thickness (BATT) with Rectus Femoris (RF) echogenicity used to assesses muscle adiposity and hence provide an inverse measure of muscle quality.

Results
A significant positive correlation was found between fluid status, measured using BIA, and BATT as a measure of muscle quantity, in males (rs = 0.662, p < 0.001) and females (rs = 0.638, p < 0.001). A significant negative correlation was found between fluid status and RF echogenicity (rs=-0.448, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
These findings demonstrate associations between fluid balance and ultrasound assessment of muscle quantity and quality. Given the emerging use of ultrasound muscle assessment in sarcopenia diagnosis, there is a need to account for this in clinical practice. Future research should focus on the development of a corrective equation allowing assessment of muscle quantity and quality which account for changes in fluid status, hence aiding accurate diagnosis of sarcopenia.