bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Manifestations of Perinatal Pregnant Women with Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Tong Shanshan , Feng Qiang , Cui Min , Wu Xueling , Qin Xuewei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose： To analyze the clinical manifestations of perinatal pregnant women with pulmonary embolism(PE) and improve the understanding of maternal PE disease.
Methods：We retrospectively reviewed maternities diagnosed with PE in a maternity and infant hospital between July 2018 and June 2020. Patients were divided into different groups according to risk stratification. Clinical data were collected and statistically analyzed by SPSS.
Results: A total of 49 patients, with an average age of (32.31±4.17) years at delivery were clarified into low-risk group (28 patients, 57.1%) and medium-risk group (21 patients, 42.9%). The medium-risk group had a significant higher serum level of TnI (0.0052±0.0073 ng/ml) compared with low-risk group (0.0009±0.0013 ng/ml). Although d-dimer level (5.1±3.6 mg/l) of selected patients were higher than normal range at the time of admitting, a significant increasing trend was still observed when diagnosed with PE (p=0.012 in low-risk group, p=0.005 in medium-risk group). The location of thrombosis distributed mainly in right lung (28(57.1%)) and lower field of lung (32(65.3%)) according to CTA image, while 5 cases of right ventricular enlargement were limited in medium-risk group. While 87.8% of patients were asymptomatic. The frequencies of PE in Febraury 2020 and March 2020 were higher compared to any other month, which was in accordance with the first episode period of COVID-19 in China.
Conclusion: Perinatal PE is frequently found in elderly pregnant women, with a more benign clinical presentation compared with reported data. Dynamic monitoring of d-dimer may have more clinical value for early identification of perinatal PE.
Uncertainties in critical slowing down indicators of observation-based fingerprints of the Atlantic Overturning Circulation
Authors: Ben-Yami Maya , Skiba Vanessa , Bathiany Sebastian , Boers Niklas 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Observations are increasingly used to detect critical slowing down (CSD) to measure stability changes in key Earth system components. However, most datasets have non-stationary missing-data distributions, biases and uncertainties. Here we show that, together with the pre-processing steps used to deal with them, these can bias the CSD analysis. We present an uncertainty quantification method to address such issues. We show how to propagate uncertainties provided with the datasets to the CSD analysis and develop conservative, surrogate-based significance tests on the CSD indicators. We apply our method to three observational sea-surface temperature and salinity datasets and to fingerprints of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation derived from them. We find that the properties of these datasets and especially the specific gap filling procedures can in some cases indeed cause false indication of CSD. However, CSD indicators in the North Atlantic are still present and significant when accounting for dataset uncertainties and non-stationary observational coverage.
Experimental study on the influence of block rock fracture on P-wave propagation of block rock mass
Authors: Wang Kaixing , Zhou Yi , Chen Feng , Xu Lian-man 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The fracture of a rock mass is an important stage in the development of catastrophes in a block system. In this paper, the characteristics of P-wave propagation in block rock mass containing fault block are investigated experimentally. Velocity of P-wave, acceleration, acceleration response duration, kinetic energy, displacement and time-frequency characteristics of block rock mass dynamic response are analyzed. The results show that P-wave velocity decreased, duration of acceleration increased, acceleration and kinetic energy maxima decreased on block rock mass fractured. The differences between block rock transverse and longitudinal fractures are as follows: acceleration and kinetic energy of the rock masses near the fracture area decreases more significantly and the principal frequency decreases during transverse fractures. However, the effects of longitudinal fractures are more pronounced far from the fracture area. Displacement is related to the position of the block from the fracture. When close to the fault zone, displacement amplitude decreases, dominant frequency of displacement increases, and dominant frequency reaches earlier. When far away from the fault zone, displacement amplitude increases, main frequency of displacement decreases, and main frequency arrives late.
I-PREGNO – Prevention of unhealthy weight gain and psychosocial stress in families during pregnancy and postpartum using an mHealth enhanced intervention: A Study Protocol of two cluster randomized controlled trials
Authors: Vogel Lea , Färber Tanja , Hölzl Ingrid , Deliens Tom , Henning Carmen , Liel Christoph , Löchner Johanna , Lux Ulrike , Opitz Ansgar , Seiferth Caroline , Versele Vicka , Wolstein Jörg , Poppel Mireille N.M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background.
The transition to parenthood represents a critical life period with psychosocial, and behavioral changes and challenges for parents. This often increases stress and leads to unhealthy weight gain in families, especially in psychosocially burdened families. Although universal and selective prevention programs are offered to families, specific support often fails to reach psychosocially burdened families. Digital technologies are a chance to overcome this problem by enabling a low-threshold access for parents in need. However, there is currently a lack of smartphone-based interventions that are tailored to the needs of psychosocially burdened families.
Aims.
The research project I-PREGNO aims to develop and evaluate a self-guided, smartphone-based intervention in combination with face-to-face counseling delivered by healthcare professionals for the prevention of unhealthy weight gain and psychosocial problems. The intervention is specifically tailored to the needs of psychosocially burdened families during the pregnancy and postpartum period.
Methods.
In two cluster randomized controlled trials in Germany and Austria (N = 400) psychosocially burdened families will be recruited and randomized to i) treatment as usual (TAU), or ii) I-PREGNO intervention (self-guided I-PREGNO app with counseling sessions) and TAU. We expect higher acceptance and better outcomes on parental weight gain and psychosocial stress in the intervention group.
Discussion.
The intervention offers a low cost and low-threshold intervention and considers the life situation of psychosocially burdened families who are a neglected group in traditional prevention programs. After positive evaluation, the intervention may easily be implemented in existing perinatal care structures in European countries such as Germany and Austria.
Trial registration.
Both trials were registered prospectively at the German Clinical Trials Register (Germany: DRKS00029673; Austria: DRKS00029934) in July and August 2022.
Heparan sulfate promotes ACE2 super-cluster assembly to enhance SARS-CoV-2-associated syncytium formation
Authors: Zhang Qi , Tang Wei-Chun , Stancanelli Eduardo , Jung Eunkyung , Syed Zulfeqhar , Pagadala Vijayakanth , Saidi Layla , Chen Catherine Z. , Gao Peng , Xu Miao , Pavlinov Ivan , Li Bing , Huang Wenwei , Chen Liqiang , Liu Jian , Xie Hang , Zheng Wei , Ye Yihong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The mechanism of syncytium formation, caused by spike-induced cell-cell fusion in severe COVID-19, is largely unclear. Here we combine chemical genetics with 4D confocal imaging to establish the cell surface heparan sulfate (HS) as a critical host factor exploited by SARS-CoV-2 to enhance spike’s fusogenic activity. HS binds spike to facilitate ACE2 clustering, generating synapse-like cell-cell contacts to promote fusion pore formation. ACE2 clustering, and thus, syncytium formation is significantly mitigated by chemical or genetic elimination of cell surface HS, while in a cell-free system consisting of purified HS, spike, and lipid-anchored ACE2, HS directly induces ACE2 clustering. Importantly, the interaction of HS with spike allosterically enables a conserved ACE2 linker in receptor clustering, which concentrates spike at the fusion site to overcome fusion-associated activity loss. This fusion-boosting mechanism can be effectively targeted by an investigational HS-binding drug, which reduces syncytium formation in vitro and viral infection in mice.
Three-dimensional ultrafast charge-density-wave dynamics in CuTe
Authors: Quyen Nguyen Nhat , Tzeng Wen-Yen , Hsu Chin-En , Lin I-An , Chen Wan-Hsin , Jia Hao-Hsiang , Wang Sheng-Chiao , Liu Cheng-En , Chen Wei-Liang , Chou Ta-Lei , Wang I-Ta , Kuo Chia-Nung , Lin Chun-Liang , Wu Chien-Te , Lin Ping-Hui , Kuo Chang-Yang , Tu Chien-Ming , CHU Ming-Wen , Chang Yu-Ming , Hsueh Hung-Chung , Lue Chin Shan , Luo Chih-Wei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Charge density waves (CDWs) involved with both electronic and phononic subsystems simultaneously are a common quantum state in solid-state physics, especially in low-dimensional materials. However, there is no complete CDW phase diagram in various dimensions and the phase transition mechanism is currently moot. Using the distinct temperature evolution of orientation-dependent ultrafast electron and phonon dynamics, variously dimensional CDW phases are verified in CuTe and the electronic subsystem in CuTe is also demonstrated to drive the formation of one-dimensional (1D) CDW chain phase at Tc of 335 K. At T=280 K, electron-phonon coupling creates collective modes along the a-axis, which synchronize via an interchain interaction to establish a two-dimensional (2D) CDW phase on the ab-plane while T<250 K. The 2D CDW phase planes are finally locked with each other in anti-phase to form a three-dimensional (3D) CDW phase at temperatures of less than 220 K. This study shows that the hidden CDW phases with various dimensions and their transition mechanisms are critical for CDW materials.
Majority rule can help groups solve difficult tasks even when confident members opt out to serve individual interests
Authors: Kuroda Kiri , Takahashi Mayu , Kameda Tatsuya 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
When sharing a common goal, confident and competent members are often motivated to contribute to the group, boosting its decision performance. However, it is unclear whether this process remains effective when members can opt in or out of group decisions and prioritize individual interests. Our laboratory experiment and cognitive modeling showed that confidence, competence, and a preference for risk motivated participants’ opt-out decisions. Whereas the majority decisions by voters who remained in the group were inferior to individual decisions by loners who opted out in an easy task, this was reversed in a difficult task. Bootstrap-simulation analyses decomposed these outcomes into the effects of group size and bias in the distribution of the voters’ accuracy accruing from the opt-in/out mechanism, demonstrating how these effects interacted with task difficulty. Our results suggest that the majority rule still works to tackle challenging problems even when individual interests are emphasized over collective performance.
A semi-empirical approach to calibrate simulation models for semiconductor devices
Authors: Jaiswal Rahul , Ramon-Martinez Manel , Busani Tito 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Semiconductor device optimization using computer-based prototyping techniques like simulation or machine learning digital twins can be time and resource efficient compared to the conventional strategy of iterating over device design variations by fabricating the actual device. However, simulation models require perfect calibration of material parameters for the model to represent a particular semiconductor device. This cali- bration process itself can require characterization information of the device and its precursors and extensive expert knowledge of non char- acterizable parameters and their tuning. We propose a hybrid method to calibrate multiple simulation models for a device using minimal characterization data and machine learning-based prediction models. A photovoltaic device is chosen as the example for this technique where optical and electrical simulation models of an industrially manufactured silicon solar cell are calibrated and the simulated device performance is compared with the measurement data from the physical device.
A greener method to estimate the risk of acrylamide and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural by bread consumption
Authors: Lemos Andressa Cunha , Borba Verônica Simões , Cerqueira Maristela Barnes Rodrigues , Pereira Aline Massia , Scaglioni Priscila Tessmer , Badiale-Furlong Eliana 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The study aimed to standardize a greener and more reliable method to determine acrylamide (AA) and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) in different types of bread and estimate the exposure risk associated with consuming them. Methanol was used for the extraction, Carrez I and II for cleaning the extract. The sorbents and drying step were not necessary in the standardized method, in which the LOQ was 250 µg/kg for AA and 5-HMF; recoveries 71.8% for AA and 80.6% for 5-HMF and uncertainty <10%. Scores of the GREEnness metric tool showed that the adapted method was greener than the original method (0.57 > 0.46, respectively). The method was applied to 30 commercial bread samples. AA levels ranging from 3084.8 ± 225.6 µg/kg to 15918 ±384.8 µg/kg and 5-HMF levels ranged from 275.8 ± 6.75 µg/kg to 1872 ± 45.9 µg/kg. The wholemeal breads were the most contaminated by AA, and the crustless breads were the least, which indicated that removing the crust is a good strategy to reduce exposure to both contaminants. The estimated daily exposure for every bread sample was 10 to 30-fold higher than the international recommendations. In this sense, the role of asparagine, glutamine, glucose, and fructose in the formation of AA and 5-HMF needs to be understood, as well as processing conditions to avoid high levels of these contaminants in bread. After that it will be possible to stablish more rigorous polices for processing contaminants in bread.
Study of electrical neural stimulation effects using extraneural and intraneural electrodes
Authors: Stefano Mattia , Cordella Francesca , Cozza Giulia , Ciancio Anna Lisa , Zollo Loredana 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Sensory feedback restoration in upper limb neuroprosthetics can importantly contribute to improve life conditions of amputees. Neural interfaces allow eliciting sensory information through current stimuli. Stimulation studies can be useful to evaluate the electric potential distribution into the nerve in response to a current stimulus and therefore fibers activation. In this paper, hybrid FEM-Neuron computational models are used to study nerve fibers activation in different nerve models resembling the human median nerve.
Results: To have a comprehensive study, the variability in fascicles topography and different configurations of active sites of two types of electrodes (intraneural and extraneural) have been considered. Furthermore, the simulation results (in terms of fibers percentage of activation in nerve fascicles, their location into the nerve section models and the order of their activation when the stimulus increases) are evaluated according to the sensation intensity perceived by a human amputee in experimental trial.
Conclusions: The obtained results let us to infer: i) the impact of the use of intraneural and extraneural electrodes on the number, and position of activated fascicles when the minimum values of electric charge considered in the experimental trial are used; ii) the dependence of the order of fibers activation into the fascicles from the current stimulus.
Child welfare clinic attendance during the COVID-19 restriction era and the nutritional status of children
Authors: Biri-Baidoo Sarah , Agyapong Nana Ama Frimpomaa , Mohammed Awal Seidu , Ayensu Jessica , Osman Safianu Aleboko 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background

The covid-19 pandemic undoubtedly affected child welfare clinic services. However, there is limited data on how attendance to child welfare clinics during the pandemic associates with the nutritional status of children. This cross-sectional study, therefore, sought to assess child welfare clinic attendance within the covid-19 restriction era and how it associates with the nutritional status of children.

Methods

The study was conducted in four health facilities– one hospital, one health centre and two outreach centres. A total of 300 mother-child pairs participated in the study. Socio-demographic, dietary (multiple 24hr recalls), anthropometric (weight, height and mid-upper arm circumference) and biochemical (haemoglobin) characteristics were assessed for all children. Also, information on child welfare clinic attendance, vaccinations and supplementations were obtained from the maternal and child health record book.
Results
The median age of the children was 15(14) months. The mean weight-for-age and height-for-age z scores were -0.630(1.66) and -0.770(1.99). Among study participants, the mean number of attendances to child welfare clinics from the index case through the restriction period and after the easing of restrictions were 6.0(3.0) vrs 7.0(4.0), p<0.001. Missing of child welfare clinic was associated with lower intakes for most nutrients below recommended levels – total calories (did not miss 1024.0(458.2) kcal vrs missed 869.4(471.3) kcal, p= 0.004) and lower anthropometric measurements but these were not significantly different­– height-for-age (did not miss -0.85(2.0) vrs missed -1.2(2.3). Anaemia prevalence was high among children (66.3%). Child welfare clinic attendance and caloric intake were the most important predictors of stunting.

Conclusions

Findings from this study revealed that the covid-19 restriction period was associated with a decline in child welfare clinic attendance, vitamin A supplementation and vaccination. The study showed that children who missed CWC during the covid-19 restriction era were more likely to have nutrient consumption below recommended levels. High prevalence of stunting and anaemia exist among children. Frequent nutrition education, nutrition surveillances and provision of micronutrient powders can help mitigate malnutrition among children.
Exploring the Microbial Diversity and Characterization of Cellulase and Hemicellulase Genes in Goat Rumen: A Metagenomic Approach
Authors: Thapa Santosh , Zhou Suping , OHair Joshua , Nasr Kamal Al , Ropelewski Alexander , Li Hui 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Goat rumen microbial communities are perceived as one of the most potential biochemical reservoirs of multi-functional enzymes, which are applicable to enhance wide array of bioprocesses such as the hydrolysis of cellulose and hemi-cellulose into fermentable sugar for biofuel and other value-added biochemical production. Even though, the limited understanding of rumen microbial genetic diversity and the absence of effective screening culture methods have impeded the full utilization of these potential enzymes. In this study, we applied culture independent metagenomics sequencing approach to isolate, and identify microbial communities in goat rumen, meanwhile, clone and functionally characterize novel cellulase and xylanase genes in goat rumen bacterial communities.
Results: Bacterial DNA samples were extracted from goat rumen fluid. Three genomic libraries were sequenced using Illumina HiSeq 2000 for paired-end 100-bp (PE100) and Illumina HiSeq 2500 for paired-end 125-bp (PE125). A total of 435gb raw reads were generated. Taxonomic analysis using Graphlan revealed that Fibrobacter, Prevotella, and Ruminococcus are the most abundant genera of bacteria in goat rumen. SPAdes assembly and prodigal annotation were performed. The contigs were also annotated using the DOE-JGI pipeline. CAZymes including endoglucases, exoglucanases, beta-glucosidases and xylosidases, and xylanases were identified. Two genes with predicted cellulolytic/xylanolytic activities were cloned and expressed in E. coliBL21(DE3). The endoglucanases and xylanase enzymatic activities of the recombinant proteins were confirmed using substrate plate assay and dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) analysis. The 3D structure of endoglucanase A and endo-1,4-beta xylanase was predicted using the Swiss Model. Based on the 3D structure analysis, the two enzymes isolated from goat’s rumen metagenome are unique with only 56-59% similarities to those homologous proteins in protein data bank (PDB) meanwhile, the structures of the enzymes also displayed greater stability, and higher catalytic activity.
Conclusions: In summary, this study provided the database resources of bacterial metagenomes from goat’s rumen fluid, including gene sequences with annotated functions and methods for gene isolation and over-expression of cellulosic enzymes; and a wealth of genes in the metabolic pathways affecting food and nutrition of ruminant animals.
Favorable cellular response to titanium alloy by surface micro-area potential difference
Authors: Wang Chunxia , Hou Yueru , Fu Shan , Zhang Erlin , Zhang Zhongti , Bai Bing 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Surface micro-area potential difference (MAPD) can increase ROS (reactive oxygen species) levels of bacteria and achieve good antibacterial performance independent of metal ion dissolution. To study the influence of MAPD on the antibacterial properties and cellular response, Ti-Ag alloys with different surface potentials were designed and prepared by changing the preparation and heat treatment process.
Materials and Methods
Plate counting and live/dead staining were used to represent antibacterial property, moreover, the function of mitochondria, ATP activity and cell apoptosis of MC3T3-E1 cell were assessed to evaluate cellular response.
Results
Due to the formation of Ti-Ag intermetallic phase in Ti-Ag alloys, Ti-Ag(T4) without Ti-Ag phase had the lowest MAPD, Ti-Ag(T6) with fine Ti2Ag phase had moderate MAPD and Ti-Ag(S) with Ti-Ag intermetallic phase had the highest MAPD. The primary result demonstrated that Ti-Ag samples with difference MAPD exhibited significantly different antibacterial effect, different ROS expression and different apoptosis proteins expressions of cells. The alloy with high MAPD exhibited strong antibacterial ability. Moderate MAPD stimulated cellular antioxidant regulation (GSH/GSSG) and down-regulated the expression of intracellular ROS. MAPD could also promote the transformation of mitochondrial function from inactivation to biological activity by increasing ΔΨm, and reduce apoptosis.
Conclusions
These results indicated that moderate MAPD not only had antibacterial effect, but also promoted mitochondrial function and inhibited cell apoptosis, which provides a new strategy to improve the surface bioactivity of titanium alloys and a new idea for titanium alloy design.