bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The antagonistic potential of peanut endophytic bacteria against Sclerotium rolfsii causing stem rot
Authors: Li Liangliang , Wang Jiwen , Liu Dehai , Li Lei , Zhen Jing , Lei Gao , Wang Baitao , Yang Wenling 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPeanut stem rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. is the most common disease of peanut worldwide and has become increasingly serious in recent years. This study is aimed at obtaining peanut endophytic bacteria with high antagonistic/protective effects against peanut stem rot. In total, 45 bacterial strains were isolated from healthy peanut plants from a severely impacted area. Of these, 6 exhibited antagonistic activity against S. rolfsii, including F-1 and R-11 with the most robust activity with an inhibition zone width of 20.25 and 15.49 mm, respectively. These two were identified as Bacillus sp. and Burkholderia sp., respectively, based on morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequencing. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report the Burkholderia sp. antagonistic effect on S. rolfsii as a biological control agent for peanut stem rot. Their culture filtrates potently inhibited the hyphal growth, sclerotial formation, and germination of S. rolfsii. Also, the strain-produced volatile compounds inhibited the fungal growth. Pot experiments showed that F-1 and R-11 significantly reduced the peanut stem rot disease with the efficacy of 77.13 and 64.78%, respectively, which was significantly higher compared with carbendazim medicament (35.22%; P < 0.05). Meanwhile, F-1 and R-11 improved the activity of plant defense enzymes such as phenylalaninase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and peroxidase (POD) enhancing the systemic resistance of the peanut plants. This study demonstrated that Bacillus sp. F-1 and Burkholderia sp. R-11, with a strong antagonistic effect on S. rolfsii, can be potential biocontrol agents for peanut stem rot.
Glycolysis and Heavy Menstrual Bleeding
Authors: Rytkönen Kalle T. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMenstrual cycle is a major determinant in female reproductive health. In a recent report, Mao et al. (2022) associated deficient glycolysis with heavy menstrual bleeding. This commentary summarizes these recent findings and the importance of glycolysis and decidualization in endometrial function. It will also discuss if in the light of the recent findings menstrual bleeding is better conceived as a primary endometrial disorder inherent to endometrium or as a secondary endometrial disorder caused by other endometrial conditions.
Implementation Methods and Research for a Post-truth World with Growing Inequities
Authors: Øvretveit John 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to consider the changing context for implementation research and practice and new approaches which might now be more relevant for some implementation objectives. Factors that hindered implementation of evidence-based practices before the COVID-19 pandemic was an anti-science culture, strengthened by different media and appeals to emotion and identity. The article questions how effective are the rational-cognitive and individual models of change that frequency informs our research and practice. It describes challenges we face and considers methods we could use that might be more effective, including research-informed narrative methods, participatory research and practice, especially with culturally and linguistically diverse peoples, and adaptive implementation.
Clinical benefits of β-glucan supplementation in children: a review
Authors: Bhoite Rachana , Satyavrat Vinita , Premasudha Sadananda Manasa 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMalnutrition is a global concern since it affects 130 million children under the age of 5 worldwide. The child’s immunity is brutally compromised, making them susceptible to various diseases and infections, leading to a high mortality rate. Multiple strategies have been implemented to strengthen immunity in children with compromised immunity, such as rendering a balanced diet, fortifying food, dietary supplements, and introducing potential natural dietary fibers to maintain good nutrition status, such as β-glucan. A class of biologically active polysaccharides, sourced from yeast, mushroom, bacteria, and cereals with versatile immunomodulatory benefits that potentially primes the host immune system, drives several metabolic health effects, increases infection resistance, shields against the damaging effects of stress, and maintains healthy energy levels. This review focuses on the capabilities, underlying mechanisms, immune-stimulating potency, and clinically meaningful shreds of evidence to substantiate the multiple health benefits of β-glucan in children. Although, more clinical studies are required, current findings confirms the various biological response modifying abilities of β-glucan that may notably aid in the development of a strong immune system in children for their overall health and wellbeing.
Learning Style Integrated Deep Reinforcement Learning Framework for Programming Problem Recommendation in Online Judge System
Authors: Xu Yuhui , Ni Qin , Liu Shuang , Mi Yifei , Yu Yangze , Hao Yujia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractExercise recommendation is an integral part of enabling personalized learning. Giving appropriate exercises can facilitate learning for learners. The programming problem recommendation is a specific application of the exercise recommendation. Therefore, an innovative recommendation framework for programming problems that integrate learners’ learning styles is proposed. In addition, there are some difficulties to be solved in this framework, such as quantifying learning behavior, representing programming problems, and quantifying learning strategies. For the difficulties in quantifying learning behavior and quantifying learning strategies, a programming problem recommendation algorithm based on deep reinforcement learning (DRLP) is proposed. DRLP includes the specific design of action space, action-value Q-network, and reward function. Learning style is embedded into DRLP through action space to make recommendations more personalized. To represent the programming problem in DRLP, a multi-dimensional integrated programming problem representation model is proposed to quantify the difficulty feature, knowledge point feature, text description, input description, and output description of programming problems. In particular, Bi-GRU is introduced to learn texts’ contextual semantic association information from both positive and negative directions. Finally, a simulation experiment is carried out with the actual learning behavior data of 47,147 learners in the LUOGU Online Judge system. Compared with the optimal baseline model, the recommendation effect of DRLP has improved (HR, MRR, and Novelty have increased by 4.35%, 1.15%, and 1.1%), which proves the rationality of the programming problem representation model and action-value Q-network.
A systematic review of the modifiable areal unit problem (MAUP) in community food environmental research
Authors: Chen Xiang , Ye Xinyue , Widener Michael J. , Delmelle Eric , Kwan Mei-Po , Shannon Jerry , Racine Elizabeth F. , Adams Aaron , Liang Lu , Jia Peng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGeospatial models can facilitate the delineation of food access patterns, which is particularly relevant for urban planning and health policymaking. Because community food environmental studies use different analysis units or study scales, the rigor and consistency of their evaluations cannot be ensured. This issue is known as the modifiable areal unit problem (MAUP). The paper provides a systematic review of past literature on place-based community food environmental research using different analysis units or geospatial models as they pertain to the MAUP. We identify these key findings: (1) the ZIP code zone is not recommended as an appropriate analysis unit for modeling community food access, as it did not have significant correlations with health indicators; (2) using a circular buffer of less than 0.5 km around household locations is most likely to reveal health correlations, compared with network buffers or container-based measures; (3) to reveal health effects of the community food environment, it is recommended to focus in selected regions or partitions of a study area with similar socioeconomic statuses, such as the central city or low socioeconomic status areas; (4) for studies utilizing a single statistical unit or distance measure, it is suggested to discuss the existence of the MAUP, such as evaluating the sensitivity of the model to the change of the unit or the distance measure. By highlighting the MAUP, this paper has policy implications—given that geospatial modeling of food accessibility provides support for health policy intervention, using different metrics may lead to different interpretations of health disparities and could thus misinform policy decisions. Therefore, any assessment of community food environments that may potentially lead to a policy change should consider the effects of the MAUP.
Child marriage and reproductive health of Indian women
Authors: Maiti Surya Nath , Maharia Manoj , Pakrashi Debayan , Gautam Abhishek 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUsing detailed data from the third round of the District Level Household Survey of India, this paper examines in detail the effect of child marriage of women on contraceptive usage and access to skilled care during pregnancy and delivery. This paper particularly focuses on sixteen different outcome variables categorized under four broad sub-groups; namely, family planning and contraceptive usage, birth history, utilization of antenatal care; and finally, natal and postnatal care. The overall results presented in the paper suggest that women who marry early, i.e. before they reach the legal age of marriage are more likely to have experienced miscarriage, give birth before they turn 18 and lose children. They also lack current contraception usage and are less likely to access public health facilities during both pregnancy and childbirth. These results, however, vary widely based on the state of residence and age of the women in question.
Study of Spatio-Temporal Evolution, Integrated Prevention, and Control Measures of COVID-19 in the Yangtze River Delta
Authors: Yang Li , Ren Haiyang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objective:
The study analyzes the spatial characteristics of the epidemic. It evaluates the effectiveness of its differentiated prevention and control policies implemented at different stages of the epidemic in the Yangtze River Delta.

Methods:
The study divided the epidemic into 2 stages and analyzed the spatial evolution characteristics of the COVID-19 epidemic in the region by using Anselin Local Moran’s I and standard deviation ellipse.

Results:
In the first stage, the high value of confirmed cases was concentrated in the eastern and southern cities. The trajectory of the barycenter showed a V-shaped change characterized by a southward shift followed by a northward fluctuation. In contrast, the second stage was mainly concentrated in Jiangsu Province and Shanghai, and the Barycenter did not change over time. The diversified prevention and control measures enabled ‘zero new cases’ in the Yangtze River Delta within a month.

Conclusion:
The prevention and control policy implemented in the Yangtze River Delta has worked well. With the global pandemic of COVID-19, it is recommended that other countries follow the example of the Yangtze River Delta, tighten prevention policies, and speed up vaccination to avoid a rebound of the epidemic.
The Costs of Policy Legitimation: A Test of the Political Capital Hypothesis
Authors: Fontana David , Krewson Christopher N. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe test the political capital hypothesis that Supreme Court decisions simultaneously legitimate policy and harm support for the Court, at least under certain conditions. Our data suggest that the Court’s “legitimacy-conferring” capacity is weak. Learning that the Supreme Court upheld an affirmative action policy increased public support for the constitutionality and desirability of that policy, but only among Democrats pre-disposed towards that reaction. Furthermore, Democrats did not develop more favorable views of the Court. Consistent with the political capital hypothesis, Republicans developed more negative views of the Court when the Court associated itself with affirmative action policy.
Regional variations in the acceptance and experience of intimate partner violence in Nigeria: Revisiting cosmopolitan-success and conservative-failure hypothesis
Authors: Alabi Tunde A. , Ramsden Mark J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study investigates regional variations in the factors associated with acceptance and actual experience of intimate partner violence (IPV) among married women in northern and southern Nigeria - two regions with distinct socio-cultural and economic differences. Data from the 2018 demographic and health survey are analysed to compare these two regions. The sample comprised married/living-with-partner women within the reproductive age of 15-49. Overall, a positive association exists between IPV experience and IPV acceptance, regardless of which is used as the outcome variable. Contrary to the notion that IPV is prevalent where its acceptance is high, this study finds that the reverse is true. IPV acceptance is significantly higher in the north than in the south (39.4% versus 14.7%), but the reverse is the case for the actual experience of IPV (20.1% versus 24.7%). Being employed and having access to the internet reduce the odds of IPV victimisation for women in the south, but increases the chances for northern women. Muslims in the north have significantly higher odds of IPV acceptance than their Christian counterparts in the same region, but the reverse is the case in the south. Regional differences also exist in the influence of decision-making, educational difference between spouses, and media exposure. While the cosmopolitan-success and conservative-failure hypothesis explains the regional differences in the acceptance of IPV, it fails to explain differences in the actual experience of IPV. The study provides alternative explanations for the regional differences in the experience of IPV and acceptance of it in Nigeria, and it points to the need for differing intervention programmes across regions. Notably, the study found that the association between justification of IPV and actual experience of it is bi-directional and suggests caution in making causal inferences.
A systematic study on 33 gallbladder stones resembling adult Clonorchis sinensis worms
Authors: Ma R.-h. , Wang X.-f. , Li Q. , Cai H.-y. , Luo X.-b. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Limited studies provide direct evidence of Clonorchis sinensis adults in the early stage of gallbladder stone formation. Our current research systematically studied 33 gallbladder stones resembling adult worms and shed light on the definite connection of C. sinensis infection with concomitant cholelithiasis. A total of 33 gallbladder stones resembling adult C. sinensis worms were systematically analysed. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray energy spectrometry were used to analyse the composition and microstructure. Meanwhile, a histopathological examination of the stone was carried out. The 33 gallbladder stones resembling adult C. sinensis worms included nine calcium carbonate (CaCO3) stones, 12 bilirubinate stones and 12 mixed stones. Clonorchis sinensis eggs were found in 30 cases, including all CaCO3 and mixed stones. Parasite tissues were detected in 12 cases, which were mainly CaCO3 stones or bilirubinate–CaCO3 mixed stones. The outer layer of stones was wrapped with 12.88% calcium salt, as revealed by X-ray energy spectrometry, while surprisingly, many C. sinensis eggs were found in the inner part of these stones. Based on our current findings, we concluded that calcification and packaging occurred after C. sinensis adult entrance into the gallbladder, subsequently leading to the early formation of CaCO3 or bilirubinate–CaCO3 mixed gallbladder stones. This discovery highlights definite evidence for C. sinensis infection causing gallbladder stones.
Domain-general auditory processing as a conceptual and measurement framework for second language speech learning aptitude: A test-retest reliability study
Authors: Saito Kazuya , Tierney Adam 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article proposes a conceptual and measurement framework for postpubertal, L2 speech learning aptitude that is centered around domain-general auditory processing (i.e., representing spectral and temporal characteristics of sounds). To this end, we examine the construct and reliability of a battery of auditory processing tests by presenting the results of an empirical study wherein 100 participants took the tests twice. The findings showed (a) that the tasks tapped into multiple dimensions of auditory processing ability (e.g., perceptual acuity, audio-motor integration); and (b) that test-retest reliability ranged from “fair” to “excellent” (ICC (2,2) = .4–.8). Last, we introduce an offline version of the tests (deposited at L2 Speech Tools for Researchers & Teachers; http://sla-speech-tools.com/), provide a brief user manual, and invite researchers to use these tests to examine the role of auditory processing in various aspects of L2 speech learning (naturalistic vs. classroom, perception- vs. production-based practice).
On the way to an interpreter advantage in coordination: evidence from interpreting students across different training stages
Authors: Zhong Fei , Dong Yanping 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDespite extensive discussions on interpreter advantages in nonverbal abilities/skills, the advantage in coordination remains underexplored, with little evidence from interpreting students across different training stages. To fill the gap, the present study conducted two experiments with the Psychological Refractory Period dual-task consisting of two discrimination tasks presented either alone or together. Smaller dual-task costs in Task 1 and/or Task 2 are considered indices for better coordination (with smaller costs restricted to Task 2 further suggesting better bottleneck coordination). Experiment 1, focusing on the intermediate training stage, revealed a bottleneck coordination advantage for interpreting students over controls, which differs from the task instantiation and/or bottleneck access advantage found for professional interpreters in Strobach et al. (2015). Experiment 2, focusing on the beginning stage, revealed no group differences between controls and interpreting students with less/more training (Experiment 2a/2b respectively), suggesting no evidence for an interpreter advantage in coordination. Developmental changes are discussed.
Learning by Doing: Seasonal and Diurnal Features of Tropical Precipitation in a Global‐Coupled Storm‐Resolving Model
Authors: Segura H. , Hohenegger C. , Wengel C. , Stevens B. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUsing the global and coupled ICOsahedral Nonhydrostatic model with the Sapphire configuration (ICON‐S) and a grid spacing of 5 km, we describe seasonal and diurnal features of the tropical rainbelt and assess the limits of ICON‐S in representing tropical precipitation. ICON‐S shows that, by resolving meso‐beta scale process, the rainbelt structure and its seasonality (zonal and meridional migration and enlargement) is reproduced, with better performance over land than over ocean and with a very high degree of agreement to observations. ICON‐S especially struggles in capturing the seasonal features of the tropical rainbelt over the oceans of the Eastern Hemisphere, an issue associated with a cold sea surface temperature (SST) bias at the equator. ICON‐S also shows that a perfect representation of the diurnal cycle of precipitation over land is not a requirement to capture the seasonal features of the rainbelt over land, while over the ocean, 5 km is sufficient to adequately represent the diurnal cycle of precipitation.
Impact of Cyclone‐Cyclone Interaction on Lake‐Effect Snowbands: A False Alarm
Authors: Cao Zuohao , Xu Qin , Zhang Da‐Lin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this study, the impacts of two cyclone interactions with the environmental flow and with each other on a heavy winter snowfall event over the Great Lakes region are examined by applying a recently‐developed diagnostic tool to a lake‐effect snowstorm. This winter snowfall event was a false alarm by the Canadian operational model, in which the predicted lake‐effect snowfall at the lee side of Lake Erie doubles the observed. The false alarm involves the interactions of two cyclones, whose relative locations are poorly predicted, leading to inaccurate prediction of their induced winds and interactions over Lake Erie at both low and upper levels. In particular, at 1,000 hPa, the cyclone‐induced winds and their interactions over Lake Erie caused colder and drier air over warm‐moist open‐water lake surface that is favorable for more latent heat flux deriving from the lake in the model than in the real atmosphere. At 500 hPa, the location errors of the model predicted cyclones reversed the cyclone‐induced winds over Lake Erie from mainly southerly to northerly, especially during the intense snowfall period. An analysis of the conditional symmetric instability (CSI) index over Lake Erie reveals that the operational model systematically over‐predicts CSI, more significantly during the intense snowfall period. As a result, the operational model prediction makes a false alarm of a lake‐effect snowfall event with large errors in precipitation intensity. Future improvements in operational model predictions are also suggested.
Impact of Aerosols on Convective System Over the North China Plain: A Numerical Case Study in Autumn
Authors: Xiao Zhisheng , Yu Yang , Miao Yucong , Zhu Shaobin , He Hui , Wang Yongqing , Che Huizheng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe effects of aerosols on deep convective systems are highly uncertain. We used a coupled meteorology and chemistry model to investigate the effects of aerosols on a convective precipitation event that took place in North China from 7 to 10 October 2017. A higher concentration of aerosols can lead to more cloud condensation nuclei, which increases the condensation of water vapor and the formation of cloud droplets. Although the auto‐conversion from cloud droplets to rain can be inhibited due to the diminished effective radius of cloud droplets, more cloud droplets can be accreted by raindrops, resulting in a larger effective radius of raindrops and making them less likely to evaporate. Besides, aerosols can contribute to the vapor deposition of snow, and a larger number of cloud droplets can provide the resources needed for the riming growth of snow in the cloud, which eventually results in more and larger snow particles. Also, the net latent heat released by these microphysical processes can increase the vertical velocity and facilitate the development of the convective system. Thereby, the precipitation in North China during the study period was ultimately enhanced. We analyzed the influence of aerosols on this precipitation event from a microphysical perspective, which might improve our understanding of complex aerosol‐cloud‐precipitation interactions.