bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultralow Tip‐Force Driven Sizable‐Area Domain Manipulation through Transverse Flexoelectricity
Authors: Lun Yingzhuo , Wang Xueyun , Kang Jiaqian , Ren Qi , Wang Tingjun , Han Wuxiao , Gao Ziyan , Huang Houbing , Chen Yabin , Chen Long‐Qing , Fang Daining , Hong Jiawang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDeterministic control of ferroelectric domain is critical in the ferroelectric functional electronics. Ferroelectric polarization can be manipulated mechanically with a nano‐tip through flexoelectricity. However, it usually occurs in a very localized area in ultrathin films, with possible permanent surface damage caused by a large tip‐force. Here it is demonstrated that the deliberate engineering of transverse flexoelectricity offers a powerful tool for improving the mechanical domain switching. Sizable‐area domain switching under an ultralow tip‐force can be realized in suspended van der Waals ferroelectrics with the surface intact, due to the enhanced transverse flexoelectric field. The film thickness range for domain switching in suspended ferroelectrics is significantly improved by an order of magnitude to hundreds of nanometers, being far beyond the limited range of the substrate‐supported ones. The experimental results and phase‐field simulations further reveal the crucial role of the transverse flexoelectricity in the domain manipulation. This large‐scale mechanical manipulation of ferroelectric domain provides opportunities for the flexoelectricity‐based domain controls in emerging low‐dimensional ferroelectrics and related devices.
Advancing In Situ Food Monitoring through a Smart Lab‐in‐a‐Package System Demonstrated by the Detection of Salmonella in Whole Chicken
Authors: Prasad Akansha , Khan Shadman , Monteiro Jonathan K. , Li Jiuxing , Arshad Fatima , Ladouceur Liane , Tian Lei , Shakeri Amid , Filipe Carlos D. M. , Li Yingfu , Didar Tohid F. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWith food production shifting away from traditional farm‐to‐table approaches to efficient multistep supply chains, the incidence of food contamination has increased. Consequently, pathogen testing via inefficient culture‐based methods has increased, despite its lack of real‐time capabilities and need for centralized facilities. While in situ pathogen detection would address these limitations and enable individual product monitoring, accurate detection within unprocessed, packaged food products without user manipulation has proven elusive. Herein, “Lab‐in‐a‐Package” is presented, a platform capable of sampling, concentrating, and detecting target pathogens within closed food packaging, without intervention. This system consists of a newly designed packaging tray and reagent‐infused membrane that can be paired universally with diverse pathogen sensors. The inclined food packaging tray maximizes fluid localization onto the sensing interface, while the membrane acts as a reagent‐immobilizing matrix and an antifouling barrier for the sensor. The platform is substantiated using a newly discovered Salmonella‐responsive nucleic acid probe, which enables hands‐free detection of 103 colony forming units (CFU) g−1 target pathogen in a packaged whole chicken. The platform remains effective when contamination is introduced with toolsand surfaces, ensuring widespread efficacy. Its real‐world use for in situ detection is simulated using a handheld fluorescence scanner with smartphone connectivity.
Photoelectron “Bridge” in Van Der Waals Heterojunction for Enhanced Photocatalytic CO2 Conversion Under Visible Light
Authors: Ismail Pir Muhammad , Ali Sajjad , Ali Sharafat , Li Jiahao , Liu Min , Yan Dong , Raziq Fazal , Wahid Fazli , Li Guojing , Yuan Shuhua , Wu Xiaoqiang , Yi Jiabao , Chen Jun Song , Wang Qingyuan , Zhong Li , Yang Ye , Xia Pengfei , Qiao Liang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractConstructing Van der Waals heterojunction is a crucial strategy to achieve excellent photocatalytic activity. However, in most Van der Waals heterojunctions synthesized by ex situ assembly, electron transfer encounters huge hindrances at the interface between the two components due to the large spacing and potential barrier. Herein, a phosphate‐bridged Van der Waals heterojunction of cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc)/tungsten disulfide (WS2) bridged by phosphate (xCoPc‐nPO4−‐WS2) is designed and prepared by the traditional wet chemistry method. By introducing a small phosphate molecule into the interface of CoPc and WS2, creates an electron “bridge”, resulting in a compact combination and eliminating the space barrier. Therefore, the phosphate (PO4−) bridge can serve as an efficient electron transfer channel in heterojunction and can efficiently transmit photoelectrons from WS2 to CoPc under excited states. These excited photoelectrons are captured by the catalytic central Co2+ in CoPc and subsequently convert CO2 molecules into CO and CH4 products, achieving 17‐fold enhancement on the 3CoPc‐0.6PO4−‐WS2 sample compared to that of pure WS2. Introducing a small molecule “bridge” to create an electron transfer channel provides a new perspective in designing efficient photocatalysts for photocatalytic CO2 reduction into valuable products.
Spin‐State Modulation on Metal–Organic Frameworks for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution
Authors: He Fan , Zheng Qiang , Yang Xiaoxuan , Wang Liguang , Zhao Zilin , Xu Yunkai , Hu Lingzi , Kuang Yongbo , Yang Bin , Li Zhongjian , Lei Lecheng , Qiu Ming , Lu Jun , Hou Yang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractElectrochemical oxygen evolution reaction (OER) kinetics are heavily correlated with hybridization of the transition metal d‐orbital and oxygen intermediate p‐orbital, which dictates the barriers of intermediate adsorption/desorption on the active sites of catalysts. Herein, a strategy is developed involving strain engineering and coordination regulation to enhance the hybridization of Ni 3d and O 2p orbitals, and the as‐synthesized Ni‐2,6‐naphthalenedicarboxylic acid metal–organic framework (DD‐Ni‐NDA) nanosheets deliver a low OER overpotential of 260 mV to reach 10 mA cm−2. By integrating an alkaline anion exchange membrane electrolyzer and Pt/C electrode, 200 and 500 mA cm−2 current densities are reached with cell voltages of 1.6 and 2.1 V, respectively. When loaded on a BiVO4 photoanode, the nanosheet enables highly active solar‐driven water oxygen. Structural characterizations together with theoretical calculations reveal that the spin state of the centre Ni atoms is regulated by the tensile strain and unsaturated coordination defects in DD‐Ni‐NDA, and such spin regulation facilitates spin‐dependent charge transfer of the OER. Molecular orbital hybridization analysis reveals the mechanism of OH* and OOH* adsorption energy regulation by changes in the DD‐Ni‐NDA spin state, which provides a deeper understanding of the electronic structure design of catalysts for the OER.
Fully Inkjet‐Printed Perovskite Microlaser with an Outcoupling Waveguide
Authors: Smirnov Artyom , Polushkin Artem , Falchevskaya Aleksandra , Mikhailova Mariia , Shamkhi Hadi , Zelenkov Lev , Pogosian Tamara , Morozov Maxim , Makarov Sergey , Vinogradov Alexandr 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPhotonic materials based on metal halide perovskites undergo rapid development owing to their unique optical properties and facile synthesis. Concurrently, there is also a growing interest in integrated photonics that can combine several elements on one chip. Nowadays technologies of integrated photonics are based on the traditional mask lithography combined with physical or chemical deposition methods. In this study, the possibility of facile fabrication of a simple pair of photonic elements is addressed, such as a microresonator with an outcoupling waveguide by means of inkjet printing on a glass substrate covered by a layer of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The printed laser has revealed an appreciably high laser emission with aQ‐factor of 3300 and a threshold excitation fluence of 34 µJ·cm−2. The outcoupling waveguide has demonstrated the capability to transfer a reasonable part of the emitted radiation. The experimental results with a numerical simulation based on an appropriate physical model are also rationalized. Thus, the study points out a perspective for integrated photonics to be possibly implemented with this relatively cheap, flexible, and scalable fabrication method.
An Ultra‐Broadband Yellow‐Emitting Phosphor KRbCa0.8Mg0.2PO4F:Eu2+ for White Light‐Emitting Diodes with High Color Rendering Index
Authors: Liu Zhengqiang , Li Zebin , Seto Takatoshi , Wang Yuhua 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPhosphor‐converted white light‐emitting diodes (pc–WLEDs) realized by combining near‐ultraviolet (NUV) chips and multi‐color phosphors are found to be an effective solution to make up the shortcomings of the poor color rendering index and high correlated color temperature of the combination of blue InGaN chips with YAG:Ce3+ yellow phosphor. However, the NUV excited phosphors suffer from deficiencies such as reabsorption and dissonance deterioration rates. To surmount the drawback above, the ion substitution engineering was carried out to the (Rb,K)2CaPO4F:Eu2+ phosphors, and an NUV excited ultra‐broadband yellow‐emitting phosphor was obtained in this work. With the substitution of Mg2+ for Ca2+, the emission intensities of (Rb,K)2CaPO4F:Eu2+ phosphors are significantly improved as well as the thermal stability. Under the excitation of 380 nm, the yellow phosphor KRbCa0.78Mg0.2PO4F:0.02Eu2+ exhibits an ultra‐broad emission band covering the range from 450 to 800 nm with an amazing FWHM of 181 nm. White light with a super‐high color rendering index (Ra = 92.3), appropriate correlated color temperature (5644 K), as well as stable CIE chromaticity coordinates are achieved by the white light‐emitting diodes device fabricated with this yellow phosphor. These excellent performances indicate that KRbCa0.78Mg0.2PO4F:0.02Eu2+ has great potential to be applicated in the NUV excited white LEDs.
Automated Drone‐Delivery Solar‐Driven Onsite Wastewater Smart Monitoring and Treatment System
Authors: He Fengjie , Zhu Ming , Fan Jiawei , Ma Edwin , Zhai Shengjie , Zhao Hui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTreating potential polluted water sources is urgent and challenging, especially for natural water sources. Numerous research groups focus on either smart water monitoring or new adsorbent. However, either aspect alone is insufficient for complex nature water source treatment. Here, integrating the state‐of‐art machine learning technique, a sustainable silk‐based bioadsorbent, and wireless Internet of Things, an integrated automated drone‐delivery solar driven onsite water monitoring & treatment system (WMTS) for the contaminated nature water sources is developed. In short, the embedded sensors and microprogrammed control unit capture and upload the real‐time monitoring data to the cloud server for data analysis and optimized treatment strategy. Meanwhile, a grid map system based on the satellite remote sensing images directs the minimum number of WMTS units to cover the entire polluted region. Finally, unmanned aerial vehicles provide autonomous dispatch, operation, and maintenance, especially in hard‐to‐reach sites. Overall, this work offers a general, sustainable, energy‐efficient, and closed‐loop solution toward efficiently alerting and on‐site treating nature water source contamination.
Reconfigurable Physically Unclonable Functions Based on Nanoscale Voltage‐Controlled Magnetic Tunnel Junctions
Authors: Shao Yixin , Davila Noraica , Ebrahimi Farbod , Katine Jordan A. , Finocchio Giovanni , Khalili Amiri Pedram 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWith the fast growth of the number of electronic devices on the internet of things (IoT), hardware‐based security primitives such as physically unclonable functions (PUFs) have emerged to overcome the shortcomings of conventional software‐based cryptographic technology. Existing PUFs exploit manufacturing process variations in a semiconductor foundry technology. This results in a static challenge–response behavior, which can present a long‐term security risk. This study shows a reconfigurable PUF based on nanoscale magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) arrays that uses stochastic dynamics induced by voltage‐controlled magnetic anisotropy (VCMA) for true random bit generation. A total of 100 PUF instances are implemented using 10 ns voltage pulses on a single chip with a 10 × 10 MTJ array. The unipolar nature of the VCMA mechanism is exploited to stabilize the MTJ state and eliminate bit errors during readout. All PUF instances show entropy close to one, inter‐Hamming distance close to 50%, and no bit errors in 104repeated readout measurements.
Comparative productivity of six bioenergy cropping systems on marginal lands in the Great Lakes Region, United States
Authors: Jayawardena Dileepa M. , Robertson G. Philip , Sanford Gregg R. , Thelen Kurt D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGrowing lignocellulosic crops on marginal lands is a promising solution for sustainable biofuel production. We evaluated the productivity of bioenergy cropping systems (switchgrass [Panicum virgatum L., var. Cave‐In‐Rock], miscanthus [Miscanthus × giganteus, ‘Illinois clone’], hybrid poplar [Populus nigra × P. maximowiczii A. Henry ‘NM6’], native grasses [five species], early successional vegetation, and restored prairie vs. historical vegetation [as reference control]) with and without nitrogen fertilization on low‐fertility former cropland at five sites in the Great Lakes Region, United States. We reported biomass yields for the first 7 years after establishment. Switchgrass was most consistently productive across all sites but miscanthus was more productive at three of the five sites. When averaged across sites, years, and nitrogen (N) treatments, biomass yields followed the order miscanthus > switchgrass > hybrid poplar ≈ native grasses > restored prairie > early successional vegetation ≈ historical vegetation, but varied substantially by crop and site, with a significant crop by site interaction. Yields of miscanthus and switchgrass peaked after four–five growing seasons and declined thereafter, while yields of both native grasses and restored prairie increased throughout 6 years with no sign of follow‐on decline, suggesting that polycultures may outperform monocultures over the long term. Yields of early successional vegetation—similar in composition to historical vegetation at each site—did not improve with time. Nitrogen fertilization increased the yields of all cropping systems at all sites. Our results demonstrate the viability of low‐productivity former cropland for long‐term bioenergy production and suggest there is no single crop best suited for all low fertility soils.
Precise control on two‐dimensional nanochannels at sub‐nanometer level for customizable gas separation
Authors: Xu Xiaozhi , Han Jinhui , Li Biao , Yang Zeya , Dou Yibo , Han Jingbin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMembranes with precise molecular sieving channels that break the permeability‐selectivity trade‐off are desirable for energy‐efficient gas separation. Two‐dimensional (2D) membranes sieve gas through their special interlayer channels between neighboring nanosheets. However, the regulation and precise control of the nanochannels that match well with the size of the gas molecules remains a big challenge. Herein, accurate tuning of the interlayer spacing of layered double hydroxide (LDH) membranes at sub‐nanometer level was achieved by intercalation of Cl−, Br−, I−, and NO3− ions. Such high‐precision control allows customizable gas separation by selecting specific LDH membranes with appropriate channels according to the size of the gas molecules. Two membranes were used for demonstration: Cl‐LDH membrane shows high H2 permeance of ∼1870 GPU and desirable selectivities for H2/CO2(81), H2/N2(197), H2/CH4(320), and H2/C3H8(603); while I‐LDH membrane displays CO2 permeance of ∼1780 GPU and CO2/N2, CO2/CH4 selectivities of 182 and 297, respectively. The simultaneously high permeabilities and selectivities surpass the 2008 Robeson upper bounds. Molecular dynamics simulations quantitatively support the experiment results, further confirming the significant role of interlayer anions in the regulation of gas‐sieving channels. Given the rich variability of layered spacing and interlayer microenvironment for LDH materials, this work provides a platform membrane for various molecular sieving, including gas separation, solvent purification, seawater desalination, and so on.
Human milk immune factors, maternal nutritional status, and infant sex: The INSPIRE study
Authors: Caffé Beatrice , Blackwell Aaron , Fehrenkamp Bethaney D. , Williams Janet E. , Pace Ryan M. , Lackey Kimberly A. , Ruiz Lorena , Rodríguez Juan M. , McGuire Mark A. , Foster James A. , Sellen Daniel W. , Kamau‐Mbuthia Elizabeth W. , Kamundia Egidioh W. , Mbugua Samwel , Moore Sophie E. , Prentice Andrew M. , Kvist Linda J. , Otoo Gloria E. , Pareja Rossina G. , Bode Lars , Gebeyehu Dubale , Gindola Debela K. , Boothman Sarah , Flores Katherine , McGuire Michelle K. , Meehan Courtney L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesBreastfeeding is an energetically costly and intense form of human parental investment, providing sole‐source nutrition in early infancy and bioactive components, including immune factors. Given the energetic cost of lactation, milk factors may be subject to tradeoffs, and variation in concentrations have been explored utilizing the Trivers‐Willard hypothesis. As human milk immune factors are critical to developing immune system and protect infants against pathogens, we tested whether concentrations of milk immune factors (IgA, IgM, IgG, EGF, TGFβ2, and IL‐10) vary in response to infant sex and maternal condition (proxied by maternal diet diversity [DD] and body mass index [BMI]) as posited in the Trivers‐Willard hypothesis and consider the application of the hypothesis to milk composition.MethodsWe analyzed concentrations of immune factors in 358 milk samples collected from women residing in 10 international sites using linear mixed‐effects models to test for an interaction between maternal condition, including population as a random effect and infant age and maternal age as fixed effects.ResultsIgG concentrations were significantly lower in milk produced by women consuming diets with low diversity with male infants than those with female infants. No other significant associations were identified.ConclusionsIgG concentrations were related to infant sex and maternal diet diversity, providing minimal support for the hypothesis. Given the lack of associations across other select immune factors, results suggest that the Trivers‐Willard hypothesis may not be broadly applied to human milk immune factors as a measure of maternal investment, which are likely buffered against perturbations in maternal condition.
Fast Modulation of d‐Band Holes Quantity in the Early Reaction Stages for Boosting Acidic Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Zhang Xiuxiu , Yang Chenyu , Gong Chen , Liu Meihuan , Zhou Wanlin , Su Hui , Yu Feifan , Hu Fengchun , Liu Qinghua , Wei Shiqiang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSynthesis of highly active and durable oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts applied in acidic water electrolysis remains a grand challenge. Here, we construct a type of high‐loading iridium single atom catalysts with tunable d‐band holes character (h‐HL−Ir SACs, ∼17.2 wt % Ir) realized in the early OER operation stages. The in situ X‐ray absorption spectroscopy reveals that the quantity of the d‐band holes of Ir active sites can be fast increased by 0.56 unit from the open circuit to a low working potential of 1.35 V. More remarkably, in situ synchrotron infrared and Raman spectroscopies demonstrate the quick accumulation of *OOH and *OH intermediates over holes‐modulated Ir sites in the early reaction voltages, achieving a rapid OER kinetics. As a result, this well‐designed h‐HL−Ir SACs exhibits superior performance for acidic OER with overpotentials of 216 mV @10 mA cm−2 and 259 mV @100 mA cm−2, corresponding to a small Tafel slope of 43 mV dec−1. The activity of catalyst shows no evident attenuation after 60 h operation in acidic environment. This work provides some useful hints for the design of superior acidic OER catalysts.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective 1,4‐Oxyamination of Conjugated gem‐Difluorodienes via Coupling with Carboxylic Acids and Dioxazolones
Authors: Li Xingwei , Song Heng , Yu Songjie , Mi Ruijie , Li Xiao‐Xi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe incorporation of fluorine atoms in organics improves their bioactivity and lipophilicity. Catalytic functionalization of gem‐difluorodienes represents one of the most straightforward approaches to access fluorinated alkenes. In contrast to the regular 1,3‐dienes that undergo diverse asymmetric di/hydrofunctionalizations, the regio‐ and enantioselective oxyamination of gem‐difluorodienes remains untouched. Herein, we report asymmetric 1,4‐oxyamination of gem‐difluorodiene by chiral rhodium‐catalyzed three‐component coupling with readily available carboxylic acid and dioxazolone, affording gem‐difluorinated 1,4‐amino alcohol derivatives. Our asymmetric protocol exhibits high 1,4‐regio‐ and enantioselectivity with utility in the late‐stage modification of pharmaceuticals and natural products. Stoichiometric experiments provide evidences for the π‐allylrhodium pathway. Related oxyamination was also realized when trifluoroethanol was used as an oxygen nucleophile.
Insights into the Electronic Structure Effect of SnMnOx Nanorod Catalysts for Low‐Temperature Catalytic Combustion of o‐Dichlorobenzene
Authors: Wang Jie , Dong Fang , Tang Zhicheng , Niu Lei , Zhao Xia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFor the catalytic combustion reaction of chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs), the redox properties and acid sites of the catalyst surface are key factors in determining the activity, selectivity, and chlorine‐resistance stability. Herein, a series of SnMnOx catalysts for the catalytic combustion of CVOCs were prepared by the changing of Sn‐doping way to regulate the electron valance state of Mn element, including reflux (R‐SnMnOx), co‐precipitation (C‐SnMnOx) and impregnation (I‐SnMnOx). It was discovered that the R‐SnMnOx catalyst had better activity and chlorine resistance than the R‐MnOx, C‐SnMnOx and I‐SnMnOx catalyst, and we discovered that the doping ways of Sn in MnOx catalyst could regulate greatly the surface acidity, active oxygen species, the chemical state of Mnn+ species, and redox ability. Especially, the R‐SnMnOx catalysts exhibit excellent water resistance, and the reasons were related to the strong interaction of Snn+ and Mnn+, which could promote obviously the dispersion of active Mn species, form a large number of acid sites, provide the abundant lattice oxygen species, and own the excellent redox ability, which accelerate the rate of charge transfer between Snn+ and Mnn+ (Sn4++Mn2+→Sn2++Mn4+) to produce the abundant active species and accelerate the rapid conversion of benzene and intermediates conversion.