bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using telepresence robots as a tool to engage patient and family partners in dementia research during COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative participatory study
Authors: Hung Lillian , Lake Charlie , Hussein Ali , Wong Joey , Mann Jim 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Long-term care (LTC) settings have been disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic; it is important to address unmet needs and explore practical strategies for supporting LTC residents and staff. The involvement of patient partners and family community members in research planning, implementation and evaluation is the basis of Patient and Public Involvement approach and has been challenging during the COVID-19 pandemic, as visitation restrictions have created barriers to conducting research in healthcare settings. Innovative methods and tools are needed for conducting participatory research. This study investigated the use of telepresence as innovative tools for participatory research based on three projects conducted with patient and family partners during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
The data source includes (a) team reflective discussions, (b) weekly meeting notes, (c) field notes, and (d) interviews with ten researchers. We applied purposive sampling to select ten researchers who used a telepresence robot to conduct research in British Columbia, Canada. Semi-structured one-to-one interviews were conducted via Zoom virtual meetings. Patient and family partners contributed to team analysis to identify themes.

Results
Analysis of the data produced five themes: (1) Research Enabler, (2) User-Friendly Technology, (3) Increased Engagement, (4) Lack of Infrastructure and Resources, and (5) Training and Technical Obstacles. Based on the results, we propose “ROBOT”—an acronym for five actionable recommendations to support the use of telepresence robots for research. The ROBOT recommendations represent: Realign to adapt, Organize with champions, Blend strategies, Offer timely technical assistance, and Tailor training to individual needs.

Conclusions
This study offers practical insights into the use of telepresence robots as a safe and innovative tool for conducting remote research with people with dementia, even in times of restricted access, as with COVID-19. Future research should apply more creativity and flexibility in adopting technology to expand possibilities for involving people with dementia in research.
Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) 3D Printing Special Interest Group (SIG) clinical situations for which 3D printing is considered an appropriate representation or extension of data contained in a medical imaging examination: breast conditions
Authors: Arribas Elsa M. , Kelil Tatiana , Santiago Lumarie , Ali Arafat , Chadalavada Seetharam C. , Chepelev Leonid , Ghodadra Anish , Ionita Ciprian N. , Lee Joonhyuk , Ravi Prashanth , Ryan Justin R. , Sheikh Adnan M. , Rybicki Frank J. , Ballard David H. ,   RSNA Special Interest 3D Printing Breast Conditions Voting Group
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe use of medical 3D printing has expanded dramatically for breast diseases. A writing group composed of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) Special Interest Group on 3D Printing (SIG) provides updated appropriateness criteria for breast 3D printing in various clinical scenarios. Evidence-based appropriateness criteria are provided for the following clinical scenarios: benign breast lesions and high-risk breast lesions, breast cancer, breast reconstruction, and breast radiation (treatment planning and radiation delivery).
Cycloserine-induced psychosis in patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis: a systematic review of case reports
Authors: Cotrina-Santome Alonso , Ulloa-Esquivel Lizbeth , Vásquez-Quispe Shirley , Arevalo-Flores Martín , Pedraz-Petrozzi Bruno 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of cycloserine (CS)-induced psychosis in adults diagnosed with drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB).

Materials and methods
A systematic review of case reports was carried out according to PRISMA guidelines. Subsequently, information was extracted concerning sociodemographic variables, clinical characteristics of psychosis, treatment, and clinical outcomes, as well as the quality of the articles using a standardized tool (Joanna Briggs Institute—JBI—Case Reports Tool).

Results
Of 3416 articles, 20 reports from seven countries were included, encompassing 22 patients (68.18% male participants, mean age: 31.45 ± 10.88 years). Delusions (68.2%, primarily persecutory) were the most frequent psychotic symptom. The median duration of the psychotic episode was 13 days (interquartile range: 35). Other frequently appearing symptoms in CS-induced psychosis were aggressiveness (68.2%), insomnia (59.1%), hallucinations (54.5%), incoherent/disorganized speech (45.5%), and irritability (45.5%). After antipsychotic treatment (81.81% of the reported cases were treated with at least one antipsychotic), 95.5% presented improvement, while 4.54% died by suicide. Finally, after the quality assessment of studies using the JBI tool, 85% of the articles showed a low risk of bias.

Conclusions
CS-induced psychosis is a rare presentation, generally of short duration, that includes delusions (mostly persecutory) as its main psychotic symptom and shows mostly a symptom improvement after medical treatment.
Trial registration PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022359551 (Date of registration: 22/09/2022)
An investigation on the solidification and porosity prediction in aluminium casting process
Authors: Chakravarti Samir , Sen Swarnendu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAir porosity becomes an issue in casting that needs attention. To create superior-quality castings, it is crucial to carefully consider the parameters of the casting for negligible air porosity. The manuscript presents a study of porosity with the filling and solidification process inside the mould cavity where flow is turbulent using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach by Ansys Fluent. An Ansys Fluent simulation model has been created and validated using the existing experimental research. This model investigates the variation in solid aluminium (about 100% Al) filled from the base of the mould cavity as a function of pouring temperature and pouring velocity. The relationship between porosity and casting parameters has been investigated and it is used to forecast a better estimate for the casting parameters with minimum porosity. It is observed that the top surface of the casting, which is linked to the bottom surface of the riser, has the maximum porosity and when the pouring velocity is close to 500 mm/s, the porosity value is extremely low.
Antibody seropositivity and endemicity of chikungunya and Zika viruses in Nigeria
Authors: Mac Peter Asaga , Airiohuodion Philomena E. , Velayudhan Raman , Zubair Shaistha , Tadele Markos , Aighobahi Jude, O. , Anyaike Chukwuma , Kroeger Axel , Panning Marcus 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMosquito-borne infections are of global health concern because of their rapid spread and upsurge, which creates a risk for coinfections. chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus disease transmitted by Aedes aegypti or A. albopictus, and malaria, a parasitic disease transmitted by Anopheles gambiae, are prevalent in Nigeria and neighbouring countries, but their burden and possible coinfections are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the antibody seropositivity and endemicity of chikungunya and Zika viruses (ZIKV) in three regions of Nigeria. A cross-sectional sero-survey was conducted on 871 participants. Samples were collected from outpatients by simple random sampling. Analyses of the samples were performed using recomLine Tropical Fever for the presence of antibody serological marker IgG immunoblot with CHIKV VLP (virus like particle), ZIKV NS1 and ZIKV Equad according to manufacturers’ instructions and malaria RDT for malaria parasite. There was a significantly higher antibody seropositivity against CHIKV in the central region than in the northern and southern regions (69.5%, 291/419), while ZIKV-seropositivity (22.4%, 34/152) and CHIKV-ZIKV co-circulating antibody seropositivity (17.8%, 27/152) were notably higher in the southern region than in the central and northern regions. This investigation revealed an unexpectedly high antibody seropositivity and concealed endemicity of CHIKV and ZIKV in three Nigerian regions. The seropositivity of detectable antibodies differed among the three geographical locations.
Case report: Diagnosis and treatment of a chinchilla’s old radius and ulna fracture
Authors: Long Siyu , Qiao YuJing , Cao Hua , Qiu Tiantian , Chen Yuji , Shen Yaoqin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe cortex of the limb bones of chinchillas is very thin and brittle, so it is prone to fractures of the limb bones, among which fractures of the tibia, radius and ulna are the most frequent types. When a chinchilla has a closed fracture, it can be immobilized with a splint, cast, or bandage. If the broken end of the fracture pierces the skin, it is best to choose internal fixation or external fixation brackets for treatment. In this report, a 0.661 kg, 2-year-old male uncastrated chinchilla was presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Huazhong Agricultural University due to an old fracture of the right forearm. With the consent of the owner, we decided to use a 25-gauge needle as an IM pin to fix the fracture. Ten days after surgery, the wound had healed well, and the limb could support body weight, but the palm did not show a grasping position. Twenty four days after the operation, the affected limb had not regained the ability to grasp. The X-ray showed a slight rotation of the IM pin and good callus growth in the ulna, but not in the radius. One month after the operation, it was found that the function of the affected limb of the chinchilla was normal and the grasping ability was restored through follow-up consultation and the return visit.
Parole, where psychiatry meets public protection
Authors: O'Grady John , Stone Huw , Murray Kevin 
Published: March 2023

SUMMARYThis article aims to provide psychiatrists with an overview of early release of serving prisoners and parole, using the example of the Parole Board for England and Wales. The centrality of risk assessment and management and its clinical implications for release are reviewed. Offenders who come before a parole board and require a psychiatrist to be a member of the panel and who need evidence from psychiatrists on their disorder are often characterised by the complexity of their mental disorder. Offenders with complex mental disorder have difficulty assessing effective treatment and aftercare pathways, which can result in not being released. Offenders remitted back to prison following hospital transfer for treatment experience particular problems in being released. Three roles for psychiatrists in parole hearings are identified and guidance for effective participation in hearings is discussed. Commissioning implications of the difficulty assessing the need for community aftercare are noted.
Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Plus Chemotherapy in Patients With ROS1-Rearranged Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Multicenter, Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Huang Zhe , Yan Huan , Zeng Liang , Xu Qinqin , Guo Wenhuan , Lin Shaoding , Jiang Wenjuan , Wang Zhan , Deng Li , Qin Haoyue , Zhang Xing , Tong Fan , Zhang Ruiguang , Liu Zhaoyi , Zhang Lin , Dong Xiaorong , Yang Nong , Zhang Yongchang 
Published: March 2023

PURPOSE Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) exert robust antitumor activity in non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without actionable mutations. Apart from isolated case reports, the efficacy of PD-1 blockade in ROS1-rearranged NSCLC is currently unknown. METHODS This retrospective cohort study included 23 patients with ROS1-rearranged advanced lung adenocarcinoma who received ICI plus chemotherapy regardless of the treatment setting. ICI plus chemotherapy was received as a later-line regimen by 14 patients, as the first-line regimen by six patients, and after chemoradiotherapy by three patients. RESULTS All three patients who received chemoradiotherapy followed by ICI plus chemotherapy achieved partial response (PR) and had a progression-free survival (PFS) of >17.9 months. Of the six patients who received first-line ICI plus chemotherapy, five patients achieved PR and one had stable disease (SD), with a median PFS of 24.3 months (95% CI, 4.9 to 43.7). Of the 14 previously treated patients who received later-line ICI plus chemotherapy, the Objective Response Rate (ORR) was 28.6%, the Disease Control Rate (DCR) was 92.9%, and the median PFS was 5.8 months (95% CI, 0.2 to 9.4). The median time on ICI therapy was 10.0 months (95% CI, 1.5 to 32.5). The duration of response was 24.3 months (95% CI, 5.4 to 43.2) and 4.8 months (95% CI, 2.3 to 12.7) for first-line (n = 5) and subsequent-line (n = 4) ICI plus chemotherapy, respectively. Of the 10 patients with brain metastasis before receiving ICI plus chemotherapy, four patients achieved intracranial PR and five patients achieved intracranial SD, achieving an intracranial ORR of 40.0% and an intracranial DCR of 90.0%. Conclusion Our retrospective study provides real-world clinical evidence that ROS1-rearranged NSCLCs benefit from ICI plus chemotherapy in any treatment setting, including patients who present with brain metastasis.
The Diagnostic Value of 18F-FDG PET/CT Scan in Characterizing Adrenal Tumors
Authors: Schaafsma Merit , Berends Annika M A , Links Thera P , Brouwers Adrienne H , Kerstens Michiel N 
Published: March 2023

AbstractContextImaging plays an important role in the characterization of adrenal tumors, but findings might be inconclusive. The clinical question is whether 18F fluodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is of diagnostic value in this setting.ObjectiveThis meta-analysis was aimed at the diagnostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in differentiating benign from malignant adrenal tumors discovered either as adrenal incidentaloma or during staging or follow-up of oncologic patients.Data sourcesPubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched to select articles between 2000 and 2021.Study selectionWe included studies describing the diagnostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in adult patients with an adrenal tumor. Exclusion criteria were 10 or fewer participants, insufficient data on histopathology, clinical follow-up, or PET results. After screening of title and abstract by 2 independent reviewers, 79 studies were retrieved, of which 17 studies met the selection criteria.Data extractionData extraction using a protocol and quality assessment according to QUADAS-2 was performed independently by at least 2 authors.Data synthesisA bivariate random-effects model was applied using R (version 3.6.2.). Pooled sensitivity and specificity of 18F-FDG PET/CT for identifying malignant adrenal tumors was 87.3% (95% CI, 82.5%-90.9%) and 84.7% (95% CI, 79.3%-88.9%), respectively. The pooled diagnostic odds ratio was 9.20 (95% CI, 5.27-16.08; P &lt; .01). Major sources of heterogeneity (I2, 57.1% [95% CI, 27.5%-74.6%]) were in population characteristics, reference standard, and interpretation criteria of imaging results.Conclusions18F-FDG PET/CT had good diagnostic accuracy for characterization of adrenal tumors. The literature, however, is limited, in particular regarding adrenal incidentalomas. Large prospective studies in well-defined patient populations with application of validated cutoff values are needed.
Activating Transcription Factor 3 Stimulates Follicle-Stimulating Hormone-β Expression In Vitro But Is Dispensable for Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Production in Murine Gonadotropes In Vivo
Authors: Alonso Carlos A I , David Caroline D , Toufaily Chirine , Wang Ying , Zhou Xiang , Ongaro Luisina , Nudelman German , Nair Venugopalan D , Ruf-Zamojski Frederique , Boehm Ulrich , Sealfon Stuart C , Bernard Daniel J 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), a dimeric glycoprotein produced by pituitary gonadotrope cells, regulates spermatogenesis in males and ovarian follicle growth in females. Hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulates FSHβ subunit gene (Fshb) transcription, though the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. To address this gap in knowledge, we examined changes in pituitary gene expression in GnRH-deficient mice (hpg) treated with a regimen of exogenous GnRH that increases pituitary Fshb but not luteinizing hormone β (Lhb) messenger RNA levels. Activating transcription factor 3 (Atf3) was among the most upregulated genes. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) can heterodimerize with members of the activator protein 1 family to regulate gene transcription. Co-expression of ATF3 with JunB stimulated murine Fshb, but not Lhb, promoter-reporter activity in homologous LβT2b cells. ATF3 also synergized with a constitutively active activin type I receptor to increase endogenous Fshb expression in these cells. Nevertheless, FSH production was intact in gonadotrope-specific Atf3 knockout [conditional knockout (cKO)] mice. Ovarian follicle development, ovulation, and litter sizes were equivalent between cKOs and controls. Testis weights and sperm counts did not differ between genotypes. Following gonadectomy, increases in LH secretion were enhanced in cKO animals. Though FSH levels did not differ between genotypes, post-gonadectomy increases in pituitary Fshb and gonadotropin α subunit expression were more pronounced in cKO than control mice. These data indicate that ATF3 can selectively stimulate Fshb expression in vitro but is not required for FSH production in vivo.
Synthesis of Fluorenones and Xanthones through Intramolecular C–F Arylation
Authors: Hamada Shusuke , Yoshida Suguru 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Facile methods to synthesize fluorenones and xanthones through C–F cleavages are disclosed. Transition-metal-catalyzed coupling reactions of 2-halogenated benzotrifluorides with arylboronic acids and phenols and following intramolecular carbonylative arylation of trifluoromethyl group afforded fluorenones and xanthones. A wide variety of cyclic ketones can be prepared by the cross-coupling/C–F arylation approach since electron-withdrawing trifluoromethyl groups facilitated deprotonated transformations at neighboring moieties realizing an efficient synthesis of 2-halogenated benzotrifluorides.
A cross-sectional study assessing family satisfaction in the intensive care environment in Bahrain: opportunities for improvement
Authors: Hamed Khadija Adel , Buzaid Fatema , AlHafi Mais , Alkhan Jalal A. , Ghaffar Khalid A. 
Published: March 2023

Background: Assessment of patients’ family experience and levels of satisfaction have become a measure of intensive care. The aim of this study was to assess the needs of patient’s family members in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and to identify areas for improvement in quality care. Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional, a questionnaire survey study was carried out with 100 randomly selected family members of 77 critically ill patients cared for in surgical and medical ICUs. The family satisfaction (FS-ICU-24) questionnaire was given to family members, and the responses were used to assess their experience of ICU care. Results: The responses of patients’ relatives exposed an overall level of satisfaction of 5.04 ± 1.104 on a scale of 1-6. Satisfaction with care was scored higher than satisfaction with decision-making. Family members reported low satisfaction with communication with physicians, the ICU atmosphere, and the waiting room atmosphere. Factors such as the completeness of the information received by relatives (p=0.007) and the ease of obtaining information (p=0.007) demonstrated a significant association with family satisfaction. Suggestions received from families with the high frequency where they need lengthier visiting hours, regular updates on medical reports, better care, and communication with ICU staff. Conclusions: Although overall family satisfaction was high, some areas emerged for improvement. The family members want to increase the length of visiting hours, frequency of patient status updates, communication with physicians, involvement in decision-making, and presence during medical visits. Considering the opportunity to improve ICU care, we propose periodic assessments of family satisfaction with ICU experiences.
Effect of facemask, handwashing, and social distancing on contracting COVID-19 infection in Saudi Arabia: a case-control study
Authors: M Alswaidi Fahad , M Assiri Abdullah , M Alalway Muhra , H Alhaqbani Haya , H Alkahtani Haya 
Published: March 2023

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of self-preventive measures (handwashing, mask-wearing, and social distancing) on preventing the Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) infection in Saudi Arabia (KSA). Methods: An unmatched case-control study (1 to 1 ratio) was conducted with a sample size of 1102. The researchers used descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses to determine the effect of handwashing, mask-wearing behavior, and social gatherings on COVID-19 infection. Results: The results evinced that participants who believed that the facemask was important for preventing COVID-19 infection were more likely protected against the disease (OR=0.450; 0.320—0.631). Using a facemask during social visits and shopping indicated a lower protective effect than using it at work (OR=1.299; 1.011—1.668). The type of mask (disposable versus cloth; OR=0.929; 0.590—0.1.462) and its wearing period (1< dayversus ≤1 day; OR=0.907; 0.662—1.243) showed an almost neutral statistical association with acquiring the infection. Contrarily, handwashing time for ≥20 seconds, compared to a shorter time, had a statistically significant protective association with the infection even after adjusting the odds ratio (OR=0.616; 0.4763—0.796). It was also noted that gathering with relatives and friends ≥4 times per month exhibited a higher and statistically significant association with the infection compared to the lower times (OR=1.347; 1.046—1.734). Furthermore, people who prayed five times a day at the mosque showed a higher risk of infection than those who prayed less than five times (adjusted OR=1.740; 1.152—2.626). Conclusions: This study suggested that handwashing for more than 20 seconds is the most important preventive factor among all considerations investigated. Moreover, it was noticed that disposable and cloth facemasks may have the same effect regardless of the wearing period or sterilization status. Furthermore, gathering with relatives and friends, as well as praying five times a day at the mosque, were ascertained as significant social factors in acquiring the COVID-19 infection.