bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Qualitative value of information provides a transparent and repeatable method for identifying critical uncertainty
Authors: Stantial Michelle L. , Lawson Abigail J. , Fournier Auriel M. V. , Kappes Peter J. , Kross Chelsea S. , Runge Michael C. , Woodrey Mark S. , Lyons James E. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractConservation decisions are often made in the face of uncertainty because the urgency to act can preclude delaying management while uncertainty is resolved. In this context, adaptive management is attractive, allowing simultaneous management and learning. An adaptive program design requires the identification of critical uncertainties that impede the choice of management action. Quantitative evaluation of critical uncertainty, using the expected value of information, may require more resources than are available in the early stages of conservation planning. Here, we demonstrate the use of a qualitative index to the value of information (QVoI) to prioritize which sources of uncertainty to reduce regarding the use of prescribed fire to benefit Eastern Black Rails (Laterallus jamaicensis jamaicensis), Yellow Rails (Coterminous noveboracensis), and Mottled Ducks (Anas fulvigula; hereafter, focal species) in high marshes of the U.S. Gulf of Mexico. Prescribed fire has been used as a management tool in Gulf of Mexico high marshes throughout the last 30+ years; however, effects of periodic burning on the focal species and the optimal conditions for burning marshes to improve habitat remain unknown. We followed a structured decision‐making framework to develop conceptual models, which we then used to identify sources of uncertainty and articulate alternative hypotheses about prescribed fire in high marshes. We used QVoI to evaluate the sources of uncertainty based on their Magnitude, Relevance for decision‐making, and Reducibility. We found that hypotheses related to the optimal fire return interval and season were the highest priorities for study, whereas hypotheses related to predation rates and interactions among management techniques were lowest. These results suggest that learning about the optimal fire frequency and season to benefit the focal species might produce the greatest management benefit. In this case study, we demonstrate that QVoI can help managers decide where to apply limited resources to learn which specific actions will result in a higher likelihood of achieving the desired management objectives. Further, we summarize the strengths and limitations of QVoI and outline recommendations for its future use for prioritizing research to reduce uncertainty about system dynamics and the effects of management actions.
Urinary c‐peptide creatinine ratio (UCPCR) as a predictor of coronary artery disease in type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Irilouzadian Rana , Afaghi Siamak , Esmaeili Tarki Farzad , Rahimi Fatemehsadat , Malekpour Alamadari Nasser 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundElevated C‐peptide has been suggested as a risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). Elevated urinary C‐peptide to creatinine ratio (UCPCR) as an alternative measurement is shown to be related to insulin secretion dysfunction; however, data regarding UCPCR predictive value for CAD in diabetes mellitus (DM) are scarce. Therefore, we aimed to assess the UCPCR association with CAD in type 1 DM (T1DM) patients.Methods279 patients previously diagnosed with T1DM included and categorized into two groups of CAD (n = 84) and without‐CAD (n = 195). Furthermore, each group was divided into obese (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30) and non‐obese (BMI < 30) groups. Four models utilizing the binary logistic regression were designed to evaluate the role of UCPCR in CAD adjusted for well‐known risk factors and mediators.ResultsMedian level of UCPCR was higher in CAD group compared to non‐CAD group (0.07 vs. 0.04, respectively). Also, the well‐acknowledged risk factors including being active smoker, hypertension, duration of diabetes, and body mass index (BMI) as well as higher levels of haemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), total cholesterol (TC), low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) and estimated glomeruli filtration rate (e‐GFR) had more significant pervasiveness in CAD patients. Based on multiple adjustments by logistic regression, UCPCR was a strong risk factor of CAD among T1DM patients independent of hypertension, demographic variables (gender, age, smoking, alcohol consumption), diabetes‐related factors (diabetes duration, FBS, HbA1C), lipid profile (TC, LDL, HDL, TG) and renal‐related indicators (creatinine, e‐GFR, albuminuria, uric acid) in both patients with BMI≥30 and BMI < 30.ConclusionUCPCR is associated with clinical CAD, independent of CAD classic risk factors, glycaemic control, insulin resistance and BMI in type 1 DM patients.
Treatment of cholinergic‐induced status epilepticus with polytherapy targeting GABA and glutamate receptors
Authors: Niquet Jerome , Nguyen Donna , de Araujo Furtado Marcio , Lumley Lucille 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDespite new antiseizure medications, the development of cholinergic‐induced refractory status epilepticus (RSE) continues to be a therapeutic challenge as pharmacoresistance to benzodiazepines and other antiseizure medications quickly develops. Studies conducted by Epilepsia. 2005;46:142 demonstrated that the initiation and maintenance of cholinergic‐induced RSE are associated with trafficking and inactivation of gamma‐aminobutyric acid A receptors (GABAAR) thought to contribute to the development of benzodiazepine pharmacoresistance. In addition, Dr. Wasterlain's laboratory reported that increased N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptors (NMDAR) and alpha‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPAR) contribute to enhanced glutamatergic excitation (Neurobiol Dis. 2013;54:225; Epilepsia. 2013;54:78). Thus, Dr. Wasterlain postulated that targeting both maladaptive responses of reduced inhibition and increased excitation that is associated with cholinergic‐induced RSE should improve therapeutic outcome. We currently review studies in several animal models of cholinergic‐induced RSE that demonstrate that benzodiazepine monotherapy has reduced efficacy when treatment is delayed and that polytherapy with drugs that include a benzodiazepine (eg midazolam and diazepam) to counter loss of inhibition, concurrent with an NMDA antagonist (eg ketamine) to reduce excitation provide improved efficacy. Improved efficacy with polytherapy against cholinergic‐induced seizure is demonstrated by reduction in (1) seizure severity, (2) epileptogenesis, and (3) neurodegeneration compared with monotherapy. Animal models reviewed include pilocarpine‐induced seizure in rats, organophosphorus nerve agent (OPNA)‐induced seizure in rats, and OPNA‐induced seizure in two mouse models: (1) carboxylesterase knockout (Es1−/−) mice which, similarly to humans, lack plasma carboxylesterase and (2) human acetylcholinesterase knock‐in carboxylesterase knockout (KIKO) mice. We also review studies showing that supplementing midazolam and ketamine with a third antiseizure medication (valproate or phenobarbital) that targets a nonbenzodiazepine site rapidly terminates RSE and provides further protection against cholinergic‐induced SE. Finally, we review studies on the benefits of simultaneous compared with sequential drug treatments and the clinical implications that lead us to predict improved efficacy of early combination drug therapies. The data generated from seminal rodent studies of efficacious treatment of cholinergic‐induced RSE conducted under Dr. Wasterlain's guidance suggest that future clinical trials should treat the inadequate inhibition and temper the excess excitation that characterize RSE and that early combination therapies may provide improved outcome over benzodiazepine monotherapy.
Geometrical and environmental effect on fire behaviour of polyurethane foam slabs
Authors: Wilkens Flecknoe‐Brown Konrad , van Hees Patrick 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study presents the results of a set of large‐scale fire tests performed on horizontal polyurethane foam slabs. Slab thickness, ignition location, and environment (free burn or corner wall) were varied over 23 individual tests. In a continuation of a previous study by the authors, four different slab thicknesses, five different ignition locations, and three environmental modification combinations were tested to examine the potential effects these parameters may have on the test outcomes. Wall configurations were composed of either gypsum plaster board or particle board wall linings and enclosed two sides of the foam slabs. The results obtained were heat release rate, peak HRR, total heat release, and effective heat of combustion, smoke production rate, total smoke production, specific extinction area and soot yield along with flame spread rate calculations obtained using a specifically designed sample tray. These were then analysed to quantify the effects of the test input parameter changes. Results highlight the influence of test input parameter changes on almost all the chosen fire metrics analysed. Slab thickness showed relatively straight forward linear changes to global metrics such as total heat release and total smoke production, while effective heat of combustion showed no change. The smoke production parameters of specific extinction area and soot yield showed minor trends towards higher values with increased slab thickness. Flame spread rates also showed an increased velocity with thicker slabs. Changes to the environment surrounding the foam slabs, from a free‐burning scenario to a corner wall configuration that obstructed two sides of the foam slab generally resulted in faster growth of HRR and higher peak values when compared to the free‐burn tests. This outcome was most obvious for the wall tests using combustible materials, where growth rates were comparative to an ultra‐fast t^2 fire, and peak HRR value rose to over triple that of the free‐burn test results. Flame spread rates were highly impacted by the addition of a corner wall, spread rates increased, and the overall pattern of spread rates across the face of the slabs changed entirely. The influence on smoke production values was minor, and for other smoke metrics, the scenario changes showed little influence. However, the values obtained for soot yields were approximately an order of magnitude lower than those given in standard reference books, such as the SFPE handbook for flexible polyurethane foam. This was an interesting additional finding as soot yield values are often directly used in CFD models to simulate smoke spread and determine life safety criteria in fire safety engineering (FSE).
Collagen X Is Dispensable for Hypertrophic Differentiation and Endochondral Ossification of Human iPSC‐Derived Chondrocytes
Authors: Kamakura Takeshi , Jin Yonghui , Nishio Megumi , Nagata Sanae , Fukuda Masayuki , Sun Liping , Kawai Shunsuke , Toguchida Junya 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTCollagen X is a non‐fibril collagen produced by hypertrophic chondrocytes and was believed to associate with the calcification process of growth plate cartilage. The homozygous loss of Col10a1 gene in mice, however, demonstrated no remarkable effects on growth plate formation or skeletal development. To investigate the role of collagen X in human chondrocytes, we established human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) with heterozygous (COL10A1+/−) or homozygous (COL10A1−/−) deletions of COL10A1 gene using the dual sgRNA CRISPR/Cas9 system. Several mutant clones were established and differentiated into hypertrophic chondrocytes by a previously reported 3D induction method. No remarkable differences were observed during the differentiation process between parental and mutant cell lines, which differentiated into cells with features of hypertrophic chondrocytes, indicating that collagen X is dispensable for the hypertrophic differentiation of human chondrocytes in vitro. To investigate the effects of collagen X deficiency in vivo, chondrocyte pellets at the proliferating or prehypertrophic stage were transplanted into immunodeficient mice. Proliferating pellet‐derived tissues demonstrated the zonal distribution of chondrocytes with the transition to bone tissues mimicking growth plates, and the proportion of bone tended to be larger in COL10A1−/− tissues. Prehypertrophic pellet‐derived tissues produced trabecular bone structures with features of endochondral ossification, and there was no clear difference between parental‐ and mutant‐derived tissues. A transcriptome analysis of chondrocyte pellets at the hypertrophic phase showed a lower expression of proliferating‐phase genes and a higher expression of calcification‐phase genes in COL10A1−/− pellets compared with parental cell pellets. These in vitro and in vivo data suggested that collagen X is dispensable for the hypertrophic differentiation and endochondral ossification of human iPSC‐derived chondrocytes, though it may facilitate the differentiation process. Thus, COL10A1−/− iPSC lines are useful for investigating the physiological role of collagen X in chondrocyte differentiation. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
A translational evaluation of component skills for the establishment of multiply controlled intraverbals
Authors: Jennings Adrienne M. , Vladescu Jason C. , Miguel Caio F. , Reeve Kenneth F. , Sidener Tina M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntraverbal behavior is a type of verbal behavior in which the response form has no point‐to‐point correspondence with its verbal stimulus. However, the form and occurrence of most intraverbals is under the control of multiple variables. Establishing this form of multiple control may depend on a variety of preestablished skills. The purpose of Experiment 1 was to evaluate these potential prerequisites with adult participants using a multiple probe design. The results suggest that training was not required for each putative prerequisite. In Experiment 2, probes for all skills were conducted following convergent intraverbal probes. The results showed that convergent intraverbals only emerged when proficiency of each skill was demonstrated. Finally, Experiment 3 evaluated alternating training of multiple tact and intraverbal categorization. The results showed that this procedure was effective for half of the participants.
A low‐intensity 10‐min resistance exercise program that ameliorated hepatic fibrosis indices and altered G‐CSF/IP‐10/PDGF‐BB in a patient with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A case report
Authors: Hashida Ryuki , Nakano Dan , Matsuse Hiroo , Yoshio Sachiyo , Tsutsumi Tsubasa , Kawaguchi Machiko , Koya Shunji , Hirota Keisuke , Tajima Hiroshi , Sumida Yoshio , Kanto Tatsuya , Kawaguchi Takumi , Hiraoka Koji 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe developed a low‐intensity 10‐min resistance exercise program for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We report a case of NAFLD with elevated hepatic fibrosis indices, which were improved by a 60‐week daily exercise program. A 71‐year‐old female patient with NAFLD whose hepatic fibrosis stage corresponded to F2 was referred to our hospital. She performed the exercise once a day with no changes in other lifestyle habits and medications. The homeostasis model assessment‐insulin resistance value and NAFLD‐liver fat score, the Hepamet fibrosis score, and the enhanced liver fibrosis score decreased. The FIB‐4 index and serum levels of Mac‐2 binding protein glycosylation isomer decreased to the reference values. We investigated the changes in chemokines/cytokines. The serum granulocyte‐colony stimulating factor level was increased, and serum interferon‐gamma‐induced protein‐10 and platelet‐derived growth factor‐BB levels were decreased. Our program may be beneficial for improving hepatic fibrosis in patients with NAFLD.
Attention deficits as a key player in the symptomatology of posttraumatic stress disorder: A review
Authors: Punski‐Hoogervorst Janne L. , Engel‐Yeger Batya , Avital Avi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating psychiatric disorder characterized by symptoms such as re‐experiencing of the psychotrauma and hyperarousal. Although current literature mainly discusses the emotionally related aspects of these symptoms, studies also highlight the relation between re‐experiencing, hyperarousability, and attention deficits, which are associated with poorer daily function and reduced quality of life. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the existing research on attention deficits among adults with PTSD. A systematic search through five databases resulted in the inclusion of 48 peer‐reviewed, English‐language articles, describing 49 distinct studies. Using a total of 47 different attentional assessment tools, the majority of studies investigated sustained (n = 40), divided (n = 16), or selective (n = 14) attention. A total of 30 studies (61.2%) found significant correlations between PTSD symptoms and attention deficits, and 10 studies (20.4%) found that higher levels of attention deficits were predictive of worse PTSD symptoms. Moreover, neuroimaging results of six (f)MRI and three EEG studies identified various potential neurobiological pathways involved, including (pre)frontal attention networks. Together, the body of research shows that attention deficits in individuals with PTSD are common and occur in surroundings with emotionally neutral stimuli. Nonetheless, current treatment strategies do not target these attentional difficulties. We propose a novel perspective to PTSD diagnosis and treatment strategies based on attention deficits and their relation with top‐down regulation of re‐experiencing and subsequent other PTSD symptoms.
Cost‐utility analysis of radiofrequency ablation versus optimal medical therapy in managing supraventricular tachycardia among Filipinos
Authors: Gervacio Giselle G. , Kimwell Miharu J. M. , Fadreguilan Erdie C. , De Guzman Denese C. , Gabriel E. A. , Tolentino Clara S. , David Gladys R. S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundRadiofrequency ablation (RFA) is the standard of care in the management of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). Its cost‐effectiveness in an emerging Asian country has not been studied.ObjectivesA cost‐utility analysis of RFA versus optimal medical therapy (OMT) among Filipinos with SVT was conducted using the public healthcare provider's perspective.MethodsA simulation cohort using a lifetime Markov model was constructed using patient interviews, a review of literature, and expert consensus. Three basic health states were defined: stable, SVT recurrence, and death. The incremental cost per quality‐adjusted life year (ICER) was determined for both arms. Utilities for the entry states were derived from patient interviews using the EQ5D‐5L tool; utilities for other health states were taken from publications. Costs were assessed from the healthcare payer perspective. A sensitivity analysis was done.ResultsBase case analysis showed that RFA versus OMT is both highly cost‐effective at 5 years and over a lifetime. RFA at 5 years costs about PhP276,913.58 (USD5,446) versus OMT of PhP151,550.95 (USD2,981) per patient. Discounted lifetime costs were PhP280,770.32 (USD5,522) for RFA, versus PhP259,549.74 (USD5,105) for OMT. There was improved quality of life with RFA (8.1 vs. 5.7 QALYs per patient). The 5‐year and lifetime incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios were PhP148,741.40 (USD2,926) and Php15,000 (USD295), respectively. Sensitivity analysis showed 56.7% of simulations for RFA fell below a GDP‐benchmarked willingness‐to‐pay (WTP) threshold.ConclusionDespite the initial higher cost, RFA versus OMT for SVT is highly cost‐effective from the Philippine public health payer's perspective.
Glyphosate–Exonuclease Interactions: Reduced Enzymatic Activity as a Route to Glyphosate Biosensing
Authors: Berkal Mohamed Amine , Palas Quentin , Ricard Estelle , Lartigau‐Dagron Christine , Ronga Luisa , Toulmé Jean‐Jacques , Parat Corinne , Nardin Corinne 
Published: February 2023

AbstractN‐phosphonomethyle‐glycine (glyphosate) is the most widely used pesticide worldwide due to its effectiveness in killing weeds at a moderate cost, bringing significant economic benefits. However, owing to its massive use, glyphosate and its residues contaminate surface waters. On site, fast monitoring of contamination is therefore urgently needed to alert local authorities and raise population awareness. Here the hindrance of the activity of two enzymes, the exonuclease I (Exo I) and the T5 exonuclease (T5 Exo) by glyphosate, is reported. These two enzymes digest oligonucleotides into shorter sequences, down to single nucleotides. The presence of glyphosate in the reaction medium hampers the activity of both enzymes, slowing down enzymatic digestion. It is shown by fluorescence spectroscopy that the inhibition of ExoI enzymatic activity is specific to glyphosate, paving the way for the development of a biosensor to detect this pollutant in drinking water at suitable detection limits, i.e., 0.6 nm.
Polydopamine‐Assisted Bi‐Functional Modification of NiO Anode for Enhanced Lithium‐Ion Storage Performance
Authors: Fu Ju , He Hanna , Zeng Li , Luo Dan , Zhang Chuhong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe blooming requirement of high‐performance energy storage systems has aroused the thirst for advanced energy storage materials. As a high capacity anode, however, the application of NiO nanoparticles (NiO NPs) is hindered by intractable issues of dramatic volume change, intrinsic low electronic conductivity, and severe aggregation tendency during lithiation/delithiation. Herein, a polydopamine (PDA) assisted bi‐functionalization strategy for fabricating of PDA@NiO‐CNT composites for fast and durable lithium storage is reported. In this composite, CNTs intertwine to form a network to ensure sufficient electrolyte infiltration and act as a highly conductive system to motivate fast charge transmission. The strong binding affinity of PDA facilitates bonding between NiO NPs and CNTs, which not only forms uniform and flexible PDA coating but also ensures homogeneous distribution of NiO NPs on CNTs network. Therefore, the bi‐functional modified PDA@NiO‐CNT electrode possesses high conductivity, alleviates volume change and aggregation of NiO NPs during cycling, achieves a reversible capacity of 1326 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1, a rate capability of 215 mAh g−1 at 2000 mA g−1 and a cycling stability with 78% capacity retention after 250 cycles. This bi‐functional modification approach manifests its prospective potential for architecting other electrode materials toward high‐performance electrochemical devices.
On the fixed part of pluricanonical systems for surfaces
Authors: Liu Jihao , Xie Lingyao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe show that defines a birational map and has no fixed part for some bounded positive integer m for any ‐lc surface X such that is big and nef. For every positive integer , we construct a sequence of projective surfaces , such that is ample, for every i, , and for any positive integer m, there exists i such that has nonzero fixed part. These results answer the surface case of a question of Xu.