bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bag of States: A Non-sequential Approach to Video-based Engagement Measurement
Authors: Abedi Ali , Thomas Chinchu , Jayagopi Dinesh Babu , Khan Shehroz S. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Automatic measurement of student engagement provides helpful information for instructors to meet learning program objectives and individualize program delivery. Students' behavioral and emotional states need to be analyzed at fine-grained time scales in order to measure their level of engagement. Many existing approaches have developed sequential and spatiotemporal models, such as recurrent neural networks, temporal convolutional networks, and three-dimensional convolutional neural networks, for measuring student engagement from videos. These models are trained to incorporate the order of behavioral and emotional states of students into video analysis and output their level of engagement. In this paper, backed by educational psychology, we question the necessity of modeling the order of behavioral and emotional states of students in measuring their engagement. We develop bag-of-words-based models in which only the occurrence of behavioral and emotional states of students is modeled and analyzed and not the order in which they occur. Behavioral and affective features are extracted from videos and analyzed by the proposed models to determine the level of engagement in an ordinal-output classification setting. Compared to the existing sequential and spatiotemporal approaches for engagement measurement, the proposed non-sequential approach improves the state-of-the-art results. According to experimental results, our method significantly improved engagement level classification accuracy on the IIITB Online SE dataset by 26% compared to sequential models and achieved engagement level classification accuracy as high as 66.58% on the DAiSEE student engagement dataset.
Optimization and Production of Exopolysaccharides (EPS) and Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) under chromium by halophilic bacteria Oceanobacillus oncorhynchi W4
Authors: LOGANATHAN PRABURAMAN , Sun Wei , He Zhiguo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

The current study assessed the levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and the impacts of halophilic bacteria Oceanobacillus oncorhynchi W4 exopolysaccharides (EPS) under Cr (VI) metal stress. The effects of W4 growth diminish with increasing concentrations of chromium. When the isolate Oceanobacillus oncorhynchi W4 was tested for its ability to remove Cr(VI) at several concentrations, the removal rate reached after 48 h at 58.4%, 53.3%, 49.2% and 43.1%. ) After 12–48 h, the maximum removal rate of 29–58% was found at an primary concentration of Cr(VI) of 50mg/L. The Box–Behnken design based on response surface methodology was utilized to optimize the EPS, including pH, sucrose concentration, and incubation period. The highest EPS yield (314.5mg/L) was obtained under 96 hours at pH 7.0, and 5% of sucrose concentration. The strain Oceanobacillus oncorhynchi W4 was tested for its ability to create EPS at various concentrations of Cr(VI). After 96 hours, it generated the maximum amount of EPS (216.3 mg/L) at a concentration of 50 mg/L. By using FT-IR spectrum measurements, it was confirmed that hexavalent chromium and EPS had surface chemical interactions. At various Cr(VI) concentrations, the isolate Oceanobacillus oncorhynchi W4 was tested for its ability to secrete IAA. IAA secretion of (control) without Cr(VI) achieved maximum of 1.45mg/ml at 120h. At 200mg/L Cr(VI) concentration, 1.65 mg/ml of IAA was also produced after 48h. According to the findings, Oceanobacillus oncorhynchi W4 was a promising isolate in the stressful environment.
Assessing Knowledge and Awareness of Appendicitis among Medical College Students
Authors: Abourashid Leen , Dawalibi Ghena , Kubtan Assem 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Appendicitis is the most common emergency surgical condition in the world, and despite medical and therapeutic development. It is still associated with a significant proportion of morbidity and mortality. This study aims to assess the knowledge and awareness of the diagnosis of acute appendicitis for medical students at the Damascus University and the Syrian Private University two Syrian universities.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2022 using appropriate sampling pattern among students of the Faculty of Medicine at the Syrian Private University and the University of Damascus. A self-administered questionnaire was used. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB), Faculty of Medicine, Syrian Private University and Damascus University.
Results: Out of the 282 participants, 55% were male and 45% were female. 47.9% were students of the Syrian Private University and 52.1% were students of Damascus University. The average awareness score for the students was 20.6 with this data deviating 3.8, the smallest value for the awareness score was 5 and the largest value was 29. Statistically significant Correlations emerged in terms of the participant being a student at the Syrian Private University (SPU), as well as being studying in the sixth year, the participant being successful in general surgery, with a high university average, non-smokers had a higher average awareness.
Conclusion: The results of our study conclude to an acceptable degree of awareness among medical students in both the Syrian Private University and the Damascus University regarding appendicitis. The degree of awareness was higher among the students of the Syrian Private University.
Complex mathematical statements useful as criterion for Landau-Siegel Zeros
Authors: louiz akram 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

This is a mathematical article that deals with the domain of complex numbers in order to contribute
in the worldwide collaboration of mathematicians who want to study and explain the Riemann's
Zeta Function.
The aim of this work is to propose new mathematical statements of complex numbers and to give a
new easy criterion that may help to identify or deny the possible Landau-Siegel Zeros. Furthermore,
this work invites the mathematicians to study a new possible useful homomorphism.
Hence, this is a good article to be read by specialists of Analysis or Algebra and even by the
beginners of mathematics who want to improve their skills.
Genome-wide characterization of extrachromosomal circular DNA in gastric cancer and its potential role in carcinogenesis and cancer progression
Authors: Jiang Xianming , Pan Xiaoguang , Li Wenchao , Han Peng , Yu Jiaying , Li Jing , Zhang Haoran , Lv Wei , Zhang Ying , He Yulong , Xiang Xi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Extrachromosomal circular DNAs (eccDNAs) carrying random genomic segments are broadly found across different cancer types, but their molecular functions and impact in gastric cancer (GC) are rarely known. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential role of eccDNA in GC. By using the Circle-seq strategy, we observed the eccDNA abundance in gastric cancer tissues (GCT) was aberrantly higher than that of normal adjacent tissues (NAT). GCT contained more copies of eccDNA carrying oncogene-segment than the NAT in individual patients. Analysis of GC-specific eccDNA carrying enhancer (eccEnhancer) based on data from FANTOM5 project combined with TCGA database suggested the existence of eccEnhancers was related to poor prognosis of GC. GC-specific eccDNAs carrying pre-miRNA (eccMIR) were enriched to multiple cancer-relevant signal pathways by KEGG analysis. We then synthesized the top six GC-specific eccMIRs and found four of them enabled high expression of miRNAs and downregulation of miRNA-target genes in MGC803 cells. Furthermore, we observed the inheritance of GC-specific eccMIRs benefited host cell proliferation and promoted the aggressive features of host cells. Altogether, this study revealed the GC-specific eccDNAs carrying functional genomic segments were related to the carcinogenesis of GC and presented the capability to facilitate cancer progression, suggesting the cancerous eccDNAs may serve as a dynamic reservoir for genome plasticity and rapid adaptive evolution of cancer. Therefore, blocking the pathways for eccDNAs generation may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of gastric cancer.
Cold chain relevance in the food safety of perishable products
Authors: Arriaga-Lorenzo Pedro , de Jesús Maldonado-Simán Ema , Ramírez-Valverde Rodolfo , Martínez-Hernández Pedro Arturo , Tirado-González Deli Nazmín , Saavedra-Jiménez Luis Antonio 
Published: January 2023

The food cold chain is an effective tool that allows food markets to maintain food quality and reduce losses. Poor logistics may result in foodborne disease outbreaks and greenhouse gas emissions caused by organic matter decay. The ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 makes it necessary to study the chances of SARS-CoV-2 transmissions in food products.
This study reviews cold chain logistics as a handy tool for avoiding food safety risks, including COVID-19.
The cold chain of perishables and its proper management make it possible to maintain quality and safety at any stage of the food supply chain. The technology covers each link of the food chain to prevent microbial spoilage caused by temperature fluctuations and the contamination with SARS-CoV-2 associated with perishable foods. Given the lack of knowledge in this field in Latin America, the region needs new research to determine the impact of the cold chain on perishable foodstuffs.
The perishable cold chain is only as strong as its weakest link, and the national and international markets require new traceability protocols to minimize the effect of COVID-19.
Machine Learning Based Osteoarthritis Detection Methods in Different
Imaging Modalities: A Review
Authors: Sabah Afroze Afroze Ahamed , Tamilselvi Rajendran , Parisa Beham Mohamed Gani 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a bone disease that mainly affects the cartilage. Even though there are
many diseases that are commonly noticed in bones, one of the most dangerous diseases is OA. The
breakdown of the cartilage bone is the cause of OA. According to the survey given by the National
Institute on Aging, it is revealed that most of the people in their old age are at the very advanced stage
of OA. X-ray is the common imaging modality for analysing the severity of Osteoarthritis. When
needed for advanced level of investigation, MRI scans and thermal images are also initialized. There
are numerous methods for the analysis of OA from different modalities in the very early stage. These
methods may be semi-automatic and automatic. But all the developed algorithms gave results based on
the space width, and texture feature only and didn’t provide any quantitative analysis based on any
standard parameters. The main aim of this work is to present major research challenges in different OA
detection methods, discuss different machine learning-based OA detection methods and analyse their
performance. The research gap in the existing methods such as an empirical model for the detection of
OA and the standard parameters for the measurement of bone marrow is discussed in the proposed
paper.
Pengembangan E-Book Mitigasi Bencana Gunung Api Berbasis Prinsip-Prinsip Desain Pesan Pembelajaran untuk Siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama
Authors: Nugroho Arifin Septyanto , Daniamiseno Abdul Gafur 
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) Menghasilkan e-book tentang mitigasi bencana letusan gunung api berdasarkan prinsip desain pesan pembelajaran yang layak untuk siswa SMP N 3 Turi. (2) Mengetahui efektifitas produk media pembelajaran e-book tentang mitigasi bencana letusan gunung api berdasarkan prinsip desain pesan pembelajaran terhadap hasil belajar siswa SMP N 3 Turi. Penelitian pengembangan ini mengacu pada langkah yang dikembangkan oleh Allesi Trollip. Ujicoba produk terdiri dari uji alpha dan uji beta. Uji alpha dilakukan oleh dua ahli media dan dua ahli materi. Data dikumpulkan melalui angket dan tes. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar angket dan lembar soal. Penelitian ini menghasilkan e-book mitigasi bencana gunung api yang didasarkan pada prinsip-prinsip desain pesan pembelajaran yang dinilai sangat baik oleh uji alpha dan uji beta, sehingga layak digunakan sebagai sumber belajar siswa. Hasil uji alpha ahli materi rerata 4,64, sedangkan oleh ahli media rerata 4,20. Penilaian penggunaan e-book oleh siswa diperoleh skor 4,23. Uji efektifitas menunjukan penggunaan e-book mitigasi bencana gunung api lebih efektif daripada pembelajaran mitigasi bencana gunung api biasa. Rerata N-Gain pada kelas eksperimen adalah 0,71 sedangkan pada kelas kontrol adalah 0,54. Rerata N-Gain antara kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol menunjukan bahwa nilai kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi daripada kelas kontrol dan berbeda secara signifikan.
Recommendations From a Chinese-Language Survey of Knowledge and Prevention of Skin Cancer Among Chinese Populations Internationally: Cross-sectional Questionnaire Study
Authors: Chen Lily Ye , Niu Wei , Lim Kristina , Solomon James A 
Published: January 2023

Background
There is a paucity of studies assessing awareness and prevention of skin cancer among Chinese populations.

Objective
The aim of the study is to compare attitudes and practices regarding skin cancer risks and prevention between Chinese Asian and North American Chinese populations and between Fitzpatrick scores.

Methods
A cross-sectional, internet-based, 74-question survey in Chinese was conducted focusing on Han Chinese participants internationally. The survey included Likert-type scales and multiple-choice questions. All participants were required to read Chinese and self-identify as being 18 years or older and Chinese by ethnicity, nationality, or descent. Participants were recruited on the internet over a 6-month period from July 2017 through January 2018 via advertisements in Chinese on popular social media platforms: WeChat, QQ, Weibo, Facebook, and Twitter.

Results
Of the 113 completed responses collected (participation rate of 65.7%), 95 (84.1%) were ethnically Han Chinese, of which 93 (96.9%) were born in China and 59 (62.1%) were female. The mean age of these 95 participants was 35.8 (SD 13.3) years; 72 (75.8%) participants were born after 1975. Few but more North American Chinese reported that Chinese Asian populations received annual skin checks (4/30, 4.2% vs 0/65, 0%; P=.009) and believed that their clinician provided adequate sun safety education (13/30, 43.3% vs 15/65, 23.1%; P=.04). Participants with higher Fitzpatrick scores less frequently received sun safety education from a clinician (4/34, 11.8% vs 22/61, 36.1%; P=.02). More participants with lower Fitzpatrick scores used sunscreen (41/61, 67.2% vs 16/34, 47.1%; P=.05), but alternative sun protection use rates are similar across groups.

Conclusions
Cultural differences and Fitzpatrick scores can affect knowledge and practices with respect to sun protection and skin cancer among social media–using Chinese Asian and North American Chinese communities based on respondent demographics. Most participants in all groups understood that people of color have some risk of skin cancer, but >30% of all groups across regions and Fitzpatrick scores are unaware of current skin protection recommendations, receive insufficient sun safety education, and do not use sunscreen. Outreach efforts may begin broadly with concerted public and private efforts to train and fund dermatologists to perform annual total body skin exams and provide more patient education. They should spark community interest through mass media and empower Chinese people to perform self-examinations and recognize risks and risk mitigation methods.
Effectiveness of Digital Mental Health Tools to Reduce Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Kim Jiyeong , Aryee Lois M D , Bang Heejung , Prajogo Steffi , Choi Yong K , Hoch Jeffrey S , Prado Elizabeth L 
Published: January 2023

Background
Depression and anxiety contribute to an estimated 74.6 million years of life with disability, and 80% of this burden occurs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where there is a large gap in care.

Objective
We aimed to systematically synthesize available evidence and quantify the effectiveness of digital mental health interventions in reducing depression and anxiety in LMICs.

Methods
In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases from the inception date to February 2022. We included randomized controlled trials conducted in LMICs that compared groups that received digital health interventions with controls (active control, treatment as usual, or no intervention) on depression or anxiety symptoms. Two reviewers independently extracted summary data reported in the papers and performed study quality assessments. The outcomes were postintervention measures of depression or anxiety symptoms (Hedges g). We calculated the pooled effect size weighted by inverse variance.

Results
Among 11,196 retrieved records, we included 80 studies in the meta-analysis (12,070 participants n=6052, 50.14% in the intervention group and n=6018, 49.85% in the control group) and 96 studies in the systematic review. The pooled effect sizes were −0.61 (95% CI −0.78 to −0.44; n=67 comparisons) for depression and −0.73 (95% CI −0.93 to −0.53; n=65 comparisons) for anxiety, indicating that digital health intervention groups had lower postintervention depression and anxiety symptoms compared with controls. Although heterogeneity was considerable (I2=0.94 for depression and 0.95 for anxiety), we found notable sources of variability between the studies, including intervention content, depression or anxiety symptom severity, control type, and age. Grading of Recommendations, Assessments, Development, and Evaluation showed that the evidence quality was overall high.

Conclusions
Digital mental health tools are moderately to highly effective in reducing depression and anxiety symptoms in LMICs. Thus, they could be effective options to close the gap in depression and anxiety care in LMICs, where the usual mental health care is minimal.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO CRD42021289709; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=289709
Projection of Premature Cancer Mortality in Hunan, China, Through 2030: Modeling Study
Authors: Wu Wenqiong , Wang Jing , Liao Xian-zhen , Xu Kekui , Zou Yanhua , Shi Zhaohui , Hu Yingyun , Xiao Haifan , Li Can , Cao Shiyu , Wang Shiyu , Guo Jia , Luo Zhicheng , Liu Mengjiao , Xu Mengyao , Jin Donghui , Chen Mengshi , Fu Zhongxi , Yan Shipeng 
Published: January 2023

Background
The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals for 2030 include reducing premature mortality from noncommunicable diseases by one-third. Although previous modeling studies have predicted premature mortality from noncommunicable diseases, the predictions for cancer and its subcategories are less well understood in China.

Objective
The aim of this study was to project premature cancer mortality of 10 leading cancers in Hunan Province, China, based on various scenarios of risk factor control so as to establish the priority for future interventions.

Methods
We used data collected between 2009 and 2017 from the Hunan cancer registry annual report as empirical data for projections. The population-attributable fraction was used to disaggregate cancer deaths into parts attributable and unattributable to 10 risk factors: smoking, alcohol use, high BMI, diabetes, physical inactivity, low vegetable and fruit intake, high red meat intake, high salt intake, and high ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) levels. The unattributable deaths and the risk factors in the baseline scenario were projected using the proportional change model, assuming constant annual change rates through 2030. The comparative risk assessment theory was used in simulated scenarios to reflect how premature mortality would be affected if the targets for risk factor control were achieved by 2030.

Results
The cancer burden in Hunan significantly increased during 2009-2017. If current trends for each risk factor continued to 2030, the total premature deaths from cancers in 2030 would increase to 97,787 in Hunan Province, and the premature mortality (9.74%) would be 44.47% higher than that in 2013 (6.74%). In the combined scenario where all risk factor control targets were achieved, 14.41% of premature cancer mortality among those aged 30-70 years would be avoided compared with the business-as-usual scenario in 2030. Reductions in the prevalence of diabetes, high BMI, ambient PM2.5 levels, and insufficient fruit intake played relatively important roles in decreasing cancer premature mortality. However, the one-third reduction goal would not be achieved for most cancers except gastric cancer.

Conclusions
Existing targets on cancer-related risk factors may have important roles in cancer prevention and control. However, they are not sufficient to achieve the one-third reduction goal in premature cancer mortality in Hunan Province. More aggressive risk control targets should be adopted based on local conditions.
Relación entre las prácticas parentales y el comportamiento externalizante de los adolescentes
Authors: Guevara-Marín Ivon Paola , Diaz-Plata Alba Milena , Mondragón-Parada Wendy Johana , Ramos-Gasca Sol María 
Published: January 2023

El propósito de este estudio consistió en analizar e identificar la relación e influencia entre el comportamiento externalizante de los adolescentes (agresión y ruptura de normas) y las prácticas parentales (retiro del afecto, afirmación de poder, trato rudo y rechazo parental). El estudio se adelantó con un enfoque investigativo de tipo cuantitativo, con alcance descriptivo transversal correlacional explicativo. La muestra estuvo constituida por 493 adolescentes con edades entre los 12 y 19 años (M edad= 16 años). De este número, 49,5 % fueron mujeres y el 50,5 %, hombres. Los resultados mostraron que el mayor predictor del comportamiento externalizante es el rechazo parental con un 0.046 %. Así mismo, se encontró asociación entre la práctica parental ‘retiro del afecto’ y el comportamiento agresivo en la adolescencia.