bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isoniazid preventive therapy completion and factors associated with non-completion among patients on antiretroviral therapy at Kisenyi Health Centre IV, Kampala, Uganda
Authors: Amanya Ian , Muhoozi Michael , Aruhomukama Dickson , Ssebagereka Anthony , Mugambe Richard 
Published: August 2023

Background
Isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) is given to HIV patients to reduce the risk of active tuberculosis (TB). However, treatment completion remains suboptimal among those that are initiated. This study aimed to determine the completion level of IPT and the factors associated with non-completion among patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) at Kisenyi Health Center IV in Kampala, Uganda.

Methods
A mixed-methods facility-based retrospective cohort study utilizing routinely collected data from 341 randomly selected HIV patients initiated on IPT was conducted. Data extracted from the registers was used to determine IPT completion. Robust Poisson regression was conducted to determine the associated factors of IPT non-completion, while in-depth interviews were conducted to explore barriers to IPT completion from the patient’s perspective.

Results
A total of 341 patients who started on isoniazid (INH) were retrospectively followed up, with 69% (236/341) being female. Overall IPT completion was 83%. Multivariate analysis revealed the prevalence of IPT non-completion among males was 2.24 times the prevalence among females (aPR 2.24, 95% CI: 1.40–3.58, p = 0.001). The prevalence of IPT non-completion among patients with a non-suppressed HIV viral load was 3.00 times the prevalence among those with a suppressed HIV viral load (aPR 3.00, 95% CI: 1.44–6.65, p = 0.007). The prevalence of IPT non-completion among patients who were married, or cohabiting was 0.31 times the prevalence among those who were single (aPR 0.31, 95% CI: 0.17–0.55, p<0.000). Lack of IPT-related health education, pill burden, distance to the health facility, and patient relocation were reported as barriers to IPT completion.

Conclusion
IPT completion was found to be 83% among the cohort studied. However, lower completion levels persist among males and HIV-virally non-suppressed patients. Lack of IPT-related health education, pill burden, distance to the health facility, and patient relocation were reported as barriers to IPT completion. Interventions that target these groups of people need to be intensified.
Urban-rural inequalities and spatial arrangement of informed choice of family planning in Ethiopia: Further analysis of 2016 Ethiopian demographic health survey
Authors: Tareke Abiyu Abadi , Takele Bayley Adane , Ahmed Mohammedjud Hassen , Tegegne Masresha Derese , Eshetu Habitu Birhan 
Published: August 2023

Background
Ethiopia has made satisfactory progress in improving maternal and child health over the past two decades. The introduction of family planning through informed choice is one of the main strategies to improve maternal and child health. However, this positive progress may have masked the significant urban-rural disparities in informed choice for family planning.

Objective
To identify factor contributing to observed urban-rural disparities and to determine the spatial distribution of informed family planning choices in Ethiopia.

Methods
The study used information from 3,511 women currently using contraceptives (rural-2685 and urban-826) as per recent Ethiopian demographic health survey cross-sectional data. Spatial and descriptive, bivariable, and multivariable logit-based decomposition analysis methods were used.

Results
The spatial configuration of uninformed choice was clustered. The primary cluster (LLR = 34.8, p-value<0.001) was located at the southern portion of Amhara region that covers east & west Gojjam, south Gondar and south Wollo administrative zones. The magnitude of informed choice was 12 percent higher in urban residents compared to rural residents. Urban-rural gap was attributed to variations in characteristics (74%). Place of family planning offer i.e., private health facility, being aged between 35 and 49 years, and having visited to health facility in the last 1 year are found decrease the urban-rural gap of informed family planning choice by 15%, 9% and 5% respectively. Conversely, being aged between 25 and 34 years, being a listener to radio has increased the gap by 9% and 12% respectively.

Conclusion
The variables being private health facility visitors, being aged between 35 and 49 years and having visited health facilities in the last one year are found to increase the gap of informed family planning choices between urban and rural residents Besides, the spatial distribution of uninformed family planning choices is non-random.
Sociocultural factors associated with persistent prescription opioid use (PPOU) among Puerto Rican adults in Massachusetts
Authors: Essien-Aleksi Inyene E. , Zhang Yuan , Koren Ainat , Palacios Natalia , Falcon Luis M. , Tucker Katherine L. 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundIncreasing numbers of opioid-overdose deaths have been witnessed among Hispanics and other underserved populations in Massachusetts. Puerto Rican adults (PRs) have a disproportionately higher prevalence of chronic diseases than non-Hispanic White adults—conditions linked to increased prescription opioid use and misuse. Stress indicators, including low acculturation, low social support, and perceived discrimination, have been recognized as correlates of chronic diseases. However, little research has been undertaken on how these socio-cultural factors relate to persistent prescription opioid use among PRs. This study evaluated the prevalence of prescription opioid use and socio-cultural factors associated with persistent prescription opioid use among PRs.MethodsData from the prospective population-based Boston Puerto Rican Health Study, at baseline, ~2-year, and ~ 6-year follow-up, were used to estimate prescription opioid use prevalence and its associations with acculturation, social support, and perceived discrimination. Analyses were conducted using multivariable binary logistic regression modeling.ResultsThe study sample was comprised of 798 PRs (age 56.5 ± 7.5y) with data at all three-time points. A high prevalence of prescription opioid use was observed and was associated with lower household income. PRs with experiences of perceived discrimination had higher odds of persistent prescription opioid use (y/n; OR = 2.85, 95% CI: 1.46–5.58). No significant associations were found between acculturation, social support, and persistent prescription opioid use.ConclusionOur study reported a high prevalence of prescription opioid use in PRs, with persistent prescription opioid use significantly associated with perceived discrimination. Future programs to limit discrimination practices may reduce persistent prescription opioid use and opioid-related complications among PRs.
Patients’ and carers’ priorities for cancer research in Aotearoa/New Zealand
Authors: de Vries Millie , Stewart Tiria , Ireton Theona , Keelan Karen , Jordan Jennifer , Robinson Bridget A. , Dachs Gabi U. 
Published: August 2023

Background
Discrepancies have been reported between what is being researched, and what patients/families deem important to be investigated. Our aim was to understand research priorities for those who live with cancer in Aotearoa/New Zealand, with emphasis on Māori.

Methods
Adult outpatients with cancer and their whānau/family completed a survey (demographics, selecting keywords, free-text comments) at Christchurch hospital. Quantitative and qualitative data were evaluated using standard statistical and thematic analyses, respectively.

Results
We recruited 205 participants, including both tūroro/patients (n = 129) and their whānau/family/carer (n = 76). Partnership with Māori health workers enabled greater recruitment of Māori participants (19%), compared to the proportion of Māori in Canterbury (9%). Cancer research was seen as a priority by 96% of participants. Priorities were similar between Māori and non-Māori participants, with the keywords ‘Cancer screening’, ‘Quality of Life’ and ‘Development of new drugs’ chosen most often. Free-text analysis identified three themes; ‘Genetics and Prevention’, ‘Early Detection and Treatment’, and ‘Service Delivery’, with some differences by ethnicity.

Conclusions
Cancer research is a high priority for those living with cancer. In addition, participants want researchers to listen to their immediate and practical needs. These findings may inform future cancer research in Aotearoa.

Māori terms and translation
Aotearoa (New Zealand)
he aha ō whakaaro (what are your thoughts)
hui (gathering)
mate pukupuku (cancer)
mokopuna (descendent)
Ōtautahi (Christchurch)
rongoā (traditional healing)
tāne (male)
te reo (Māori language)
Te Whatu Ora (weaving of wellness, Health New Zealand)
tikanga (methods, customary practices)
tūroro (patients) (alternative terms used: whānau affected by cancer or tangata whaiora (person seeking health))
wahine (female)
Waitaha (Canterbury)
whakapapa (genealogy)
whānau ((extended) family, based on whakapapa, here also carer)
Guidelines for the Development of Traditional Cake Products Business of Entrepreneurs in Trang Province
Authors:   Faculty of Home Economics Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Phra Nakorn., Butkrut Jatuporn , Kee-ariyo Chayapat ,   Faculty of Home Economics Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Phra Nakorn.
Published: August 2023

The purposes of this research were : 1) to study the conditions of business operation of traditional cake products of entrepreneurs in Trang Province.2) To study the problems in business operation of traditional cake products of entrepreneurs in Trang Province. 3) To compare the level of problems in business operations of traditional cake products of entrepreneurs in Trang Province classified by business conditions and, 4) to present guidelines for the development of business operations of traditional cake products of entrepreneurs in Trang Province. The population is 25 traditional cake products business entrepreneurs in Trang Province. The research instrument was a questionnaire. The statistics used for data analysis were frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation. One-way ANOVA and analyze descriptive data.	The results showed that: 1) The results showed that: 1) the traditional type of cake in the business is three flavor cakes, which has been in business for more than 31 years with a marketing channel as a point of sale. The business has an estimated daily production about 51-100 boxes or more than 151 boxes, earning approximately about 100,001-200,000 baht from product distribution and most of the businesses are located in the commercial area in the city. 2) Entrepreneurs have a high level of business problems. When considering each aspect in descending order, it was found that the aspect with the highest mean was finance, followed by sales, and the least was management.3) Comparison of the level of problems in business operations of traditional cake products of entrepreneurs in Trang province classified by business conditions found that entrepreneurs with different business conditions had no different problems in operating the traditional cake products business in Trang Province, except for entrepreneurs with a period of business and the location of the businesses were statistically different at the .05 level., and 4) the guidelines for the development of traditional cake products business of entrepreneurs in Trang Province are entrepreneurs should pay attention to the selection of raw materials that are of constant quality. There should be more beautiful cake designs and more variations. There should be an online ordering channel, such as ordering through the website or an application and has a delivery service. There should be a concise accounting of income and expenses, and sales are monitored regularly. Employees are encouraged to be professional and able to sustain and maintain their own business values.
Investigation of Problems Regarding Safety Management and Instruction of Engineering Workshop and Laboratory Practices of Public Higher Education Institutions
Authors:   Faculty of Business and Industrial Development, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Woraphiwut Adisak 
Published: August 2023

The research aims and objectives are 1) to study the problems regarding safety management of students in respect of workshop and laboratory practices in public higher education institutions; 2) to explore the problems of laboratory-based and workshop-based practicum instruction; and 3)to apply the information obtained as development guidelines to improve workshop and laboratory efficiency. The Delphi technique was used to achieve consensus from 20 expert participants. Research instruments included interview forms and questionnaires while statistical measures for data analysis involved frequency distribution, percentage, median and interquartile range calculation.	To categorize the issues, the problems related to managing safety and teaching engineering workshop and laboratory courses were found to consist of 7 main components and 31 subcomponents as follows: 1) Workshop and Engineering Laboratory Design, with 3 subcomponents; 2) Machine Shop Safety, Electrical Safety and Fire Safety, with 10 subcomponents; 3) Internal Environment for Workshop and Laboratory Practices, with 5 subcomponents; 4) Facilities and Equipment for Laboratory and Workshop Practices, comprising 2 subcomponents; 5) Operations Facility Management and Green Occupations, with 3 subcomponents; 6) Roles and Responsibilities for Operational Safety, containing 4 subcomponents; and 7) Curriculum Development and Learning Management, with its 6 subcomponents.
Knockdown of the TRPM4 channel alters cardiac electrophysiology and hemodynamics in a sex‐ and age‐dependent manner in mice
Authors: Arullampalam Prakash , Essers Maria C. , Boukenna Mey , Guichard Sabrina , Rougier Jean‐Sébastien , Abriel Hugues 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTRPM4 is a calcium‐activated, voltage‐modulated, nonselective ion channel widely expressed in various cells and tissues. TRPM4 regulates the influx of sodium ions, thus playing a role in regulating the membrane potential. In the heart, TRPM4 is expressed in both cardiomyocytes and cells of the conductive pathways. Clinical studies have linked TRPM4 mutations to several cardiac disorders. While data from experimental studies have demonstrated TRPM4's functional significance in cardiac physiology, its exact roles in the heart have remained unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of TRPM4 in cardiac physiology in a newly generated Trpm4 knockdown mouse model. Male and female Trpm4 knockdown (Trpm4−/−) and wild‐type mice of different ages (5‐ to 12‐ week‐old (young) and 24‐week‐old or more (adult)) were characterized using a multimodal approach, encompassing surface electrocardiograms (ECG), echocardiography recordings, ex vivo ECGs in isolated heart, endocardial mappings, Western blots, and mRNA quantifications. The assessment of cardiac electrophysiology by surface ECGs revealed no significant differences between wild‐type and Trpm4−/− young (5‐ to 12‐week‐old) mice of either sex. Above 24 weeks of age, adult male Trpm4−/− mice showed reduced heart rate and increased heart rate variability. Echocardiography revealed that only adult male Trpm4−/− mice exhibited slight left ventricular hypertrophic alterations compared to controls, illustrated by alterations of the mitral valve pressure halftime, the mitral valve E/A ratio, the isovolumetric relaxation time, and the mitral valve deceleration. In addition, an assessment of the right ventricular systolic function by scanning the pulmonary valve highlighted an alteration in pulmonary valve peak velocity and pressure in adult male Trpm4−/− mice. Endocardial mapping recordings showed that applying 5 μM of the new TRPM4 inhibitor NBA triggered a third‐degree atrioventricular block on 40% of wild‐type hearts. These results confirm the key role of TRPM4 in the proper structure and electrical function of the heart. It also reveals differences between male and female animals that have never been reported. In addition, the investigation of the effects of NBA on heart function confirms the role of TRPM4 in atrioventricular conduction.
A supervised machine-learning approach for the efficient development of a multi method (LC-MS) for a large number of drugs and subsets thereof: focus on oral antitumor agents
Authors: Kehl Niklas , Gessner Arne , Maas Renke , Fromm Martin F. , Taudte R. Verena 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Accumulating evidence argues for a more widespread use of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) to support individualized medicine, especially for therapies where toxicity and efficacy are critical issues, such as in oncology. However, development of TDM assays struggles to keep pace with the rapid introduction of new drugs. Therefore, novel approaches for faster assay development are needed that also allow effortless inclusion of newly approved drugs as well as customization to smaller subsets if scientific or clinical situations require.

Methods
We applied and evaluated two machine-learning approaches i.e., a regression-based approach and an artificial neural network (ANN) to retention time (RT) prediction for efficient development of a liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method quantifying 73 oral antitumor drugs (OADs) and five active metabolites. Individual steps included training, evaluation, comparison, and application of the superior approach to RT prediction, followed by stipulation of the optimal gradient.

Results
Both approaches showed excellent results for RT prediction (mean difference ± standard deviation: 2.08 % ± 9.44 % ANN; 1.78 % ± 1.93 % regression-based approach). Using the regression-based approach, the optimum gradient (4.91 % MeOH/min) was predicted with a total run time of 17.92 min. The associated method was fully validated following FDA and EMA guidelines. Exemplary modification and application of the regression-based approach to a subset of 14 uro-oncological agents resulted in a considerably shortened run time of 9.29 min.

Conclusions
Using a regression-based approach, a multi drug LC-MS assay for RT prediction was efficiently developed, which can be easily expanded to newly approved OADs and customized to smaller subsets if required.
Gorenstein complexes over formal triangular matrix rings
Authors: Kong Fangdi , Wu Dejun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Let 𝐴 and 𝐵 be rings and 𝑈 a

(
B
,
A
)

(B,A)

-bimodule.
The Gorenstein projective, injective and flat complexes over the formal triangular matrix ring

T
=

(

A

0

U

B

)

T=\bigl{(}\!\begin{smallmatrix}A&0\\
U&B\end{smallmatrix}\!\bigr{)}

are explicitly described.
These statements extend some earlier results of Enochs, Cortés-Izurdiaga, Torrecillas, Zhang and Mao in this direction.
Moho depth estimation of northern of East African Rift System
Authors: Alemu Eyasu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The northern part of the East African Rift System is characterized by depleted Moho depth and thermally thinned lithosphere. This research aims to determine the Moho depth of the study area through non-linear gravity inversion and cross-validation with seismic Moho estimates. The study utilized gravity data to obtain the gravity anomaly of the Moho interface, a topographic grid for removing topographic effects, a crustal model to determine total sediment thickness and its gravitational effect, and seismic Moho depth for constraining the forward model and cross-validation. The estimated Moho depth of the study area ranges between 5 km (in the Indian Ocean) to 45 km (in the Ethiopian Highlands), with slight variation compared to seismic Moho relief. This is because the reference level, calculated for the thinner part of the study region, underestimates the entire area. Upwelling magma in the Eastern branches of the EARS may also incur slight variation in the estimated Moho depth; rifting, volcanism, melt intrusion, magmatic uplift, and tectonic setting all influence the Moho depth of the study area. Furthermore, reverberations affect most seismic Moho estimations in the region. The slight variation can be mitigated by improving the gravity network for accurate validation and precise heat flow measurement to correctly identify magmatic anomalies and density contrasts. Additionally, applying reverberation removal techniques in the study region could improve seismic Moho estimation.
The deal.II Library, Version 9.5
Authors: Arndt Daniel , Bangerth Wolfgang , Bergbauer Maximilian , Feder Marco , Fehling Marc , Heinz Johannes , Heister Timo , Heltai Luca , Kronbichler Martin , Maier Matthias , Munch Peter , Pelteret Jean-Paul , Turcksin Bruno , Wells David , Zampini Stefano 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper provides an overview of the new features of the finite element library deal.II, version 9.5.
Effects of different profiled pins used in friction stir welding of Al 6061 T6
Authors: Gündoğdu İş Emine , Koçak Kadir , Basar Zeynep Sueda , Yavuz Yağızer , Topuz Polat 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this study, Al 6061 T6 alloy was joined by friction stir welding method with the same parameters using with different profiled pins. As a result of the experiments carried out, the samples were subjected to metallographic examination, hardness measurements, tensile test and bending test. As a result of the examinations carried out, changes in welding performances were determined with the change of pin profiles. As a result of these changes, it was determined that the pin profile suitable for the applied welding parameters was pyramid. It has been concluded that in the use of triangular profile pins, the welding parameters in question should be higher, and the most important reason for this is that the stir zone is larger.
Nietzsche und der lange Flug des „guten Europäers“
Authors: Zellini Susanna 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Nietzsche and the Long Flight of the “Good European”. The question of “the good European,” as Nietzsche conceives it, refers to a complex process of cultural transformation that starts from the critical relationship toward the European Christian heritage. The three volumes discussed in this review single out three different aspects of this cultural process: a “new Enlightenment,” which refers to the gradual liberation from the European tradition “in search of good Europeans” (Crescenzi / Gentili / Venturelli 2017), the early twentieth-century debate around “European identity” (Crescenzi / Gentili / Venturelli 2018), in which the good European takes on a precise role, and contemporary Europe and the current relevance of the good European (Brusotti / McNeal / Schubert / Siemens 2020). This review discusses and reflects critically on these three volumes, examining how they contribute to contemporary debates about Nietzsche and the question of a European culture.