bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utility of transversus abdominis plane block on patients undergoing transanal total mesorectal excision
Authors: Ying Jun , Jiang Chunhui , Xu Chunjie , Liu Ye , Gu Lei 
Published: January 2023

Objective: To evaluate the analgesic effect of transversus abdominis plane block (TAPB) on patients undergoing transanal total mesorectal excision (taTME).
Methods: Medical records of patients who were eligible to receive proctectomy surgery in Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (From January 2019 to December 2021) were retrospectively reviewed. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to the included cases. A total of 120 cases were divided into three groups based on the different operation and anesthesia methods used. Group-A (Lap, n=40) included patients that underwent laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia. Group- B (ta, n=40) included patients who received taTME surgery under general anesthesia. Group-C (ta+TAPB, n=40) included patients who received taTME surgery under general anesthesia combined with TAPB. The dosage of sufentanil, time of postoperative revival and extubation, anal exhaust time and other adverse events were recorded. Pain assessment using the visual analogue scale (VAS) was performed at 12, 24,48 and 72 hours after the operation.
Results: There were no significant differences in the general parameters, operative conditions, and anesthetic administration between the three groups (P>0.05). The dosage of sufentanil was significantly reduced in Group-C, compared with Group-A and Group-B, with no difference between the groups A and B. There was no significant difference between the three groups in postoperative recovery time and extubation time. VAS score was lower in Group-C than Group-A and Group-B. This difference was more obvious in the early postoperative period and gradually diminished with time. VAS score became similar in all three groups 72 hours after the surgery.
Conclusion: Transanal total mesorectal excision was associated with less pain, compared to laparoscopic TME. TAPB with general anesthesia in patients undergoing taTME is safe and effective. It can significantly reduce the use of sufentanil and has optimal analgesic effect.
List of Abbreviations:taTME: Transanal total mesorectal excision; TAPB: Transversus abdominis plane block; PCIA: Patient controlled intravenous analgesia; VAS: Visual analogue scale;NOSES: Natural orifice specimen extraction surgery; ERAS: Enhanced recovery after surgery.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.2.7062
How to cite this: Ying J, Jiang C, Xu C, Liu Y, Gu L. Utility of transversus abdominis plane block on patients undergoing transanal total mesorectal excision. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(2):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.2.7062
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Does the phaco TIp position during clear corneal Phacoemulsification Surgery adversely affect corneal endothelium? TIPS study protocol for a randomised, triple-masked, parallel-group trial of bevel-up versus bevel-down phacoemulsification
Authors: Kaup Soujanya , Shivalli Siddharudha , Ajjinicanda Ganapathi Chinnappa , Arunachalam Cynthia , Buchan John , Kumar Pandey Suresh , Prasad Kudlu Krishna 
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Globally, at least 30 million cataract surgeries are required annually to prevent cataract-related blindness. Corneal endothelial decompensation is one of the most common causes of poor visual outcome following cataract surgery, particularly in those with predisposing factors. The increasing ageing population and reduced visual impairment threshold for cataract surgery have resulted in rising cataract surgical rates and hence, an increase in corneal endothelial decompensation is expected. The role of phaco tip position on corneal endothelial damage is ambiguous. Previous studies have reported contradictory results and were also underpowered to detect a significant difference due to small sample sizes. With no consensus regarding the most cornea-friendly phaco tip position (bevel-up versus bevel-down) during phacoemulsification, we propose a randomised clinical trial with a robust design using direct chop phaco-technique. Objective: To compare the effect of phaco tip position (bevel-up vs. bevel-down) on corneal endothelial cell count during phacoemulsification. Methods: A randomised, multicentre, parallel-group, triple-masked (participant, outcome assessor, and statistician) trial with 1:1 allocation ratio is proposed. By adopting stratified randomisation (according to cataract grade), we will randomly allocate 480 patients aged >18 years with immature cataract into bevel-up and bevel-down groups at two centres. History of significant ocular trauma, previous intraocular surgery, shallow anterior chamber, low endothelial cell count, pseudoexfoliation syndrome, intraocular inflammation, and corneal endothelial dystrophy are the key exclusion criteria. The primary outcome is postoperative endothelial cell count at one month. Secondary outcomes are central corneal thickness on postoperative days 1, 15, and 30, and intraoperative complications. Trial registration: Clinical Trial Registry of India CTRI/2019/02/017464 (05/02/2019).
Udział kobiet w zabezpieczeniu i popularyzacji dorobku Witkacego w latach 1940–1956
Authors: Pawlak Przemysław 
Published: January 2023

Wśród witkacologów pokutuje przekonanie o przerwie w recepcji twórczości Witkacego, wywołanej najpierw II wojną światową, a po niej marksistowską cenzurą. Opinię tę wzmacniały wielokrotnie wypowiedzi m.in. Janusza Deglera, jakoby „w okresie stalinowskim Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz znajdował się na indeksie, nie wolno go było wydawać, nie wolno było o nim pisać. […] W maju 1956 roku Witkacy powraca, po latach nieobecności i anatemy – dzięki Kantorowi, który wystawia Mątwę w Teatrze Cricot” (Degler 2013: 23). Aby uzupełnić naszą wiedzę o chronologii odkrywania dorobku autora Szewców i zweryfikować niektóre narracje i legendy historycznoliterackie, należy przypomnieć powojenne apele Zofii Nałkowskiej o wydanie dzieł zebranych Witkacego, prace magisterskie i publikacje poświęcone formistom, autorstwa historyczek sztuki Anny Miazek, Joanny Szczepińskiej-Tramer i Hanny Morawskiej. Do białych plam w badaniach witkacologicznych należą dotąd okupacyjne badania językoznawcze Antoniny Obrębskiej-Jabłońskiej nad słowotwórstwem w Nienasyceniu i Narkotykach, a także rola Ireny Sławińskiej w popularyzacji dramatów Witkiewicza na Katolickim Uniwersytecie Lubelskim w trakcie stalinowskiej nocy.
Development and validation of the Iranian version of the protection motivation theory questionnaire for fall prevention in older people
Authors: Taheri-Kharameh Zahra , Bashirian Saeed , Moghadam Rashid Heidari , Poorolajal Jalal , Barati Majid , Ramezani Tahereh , Rásky Éva 
Published: January 2023

Background/Aims The protection motivation theory is a common framework illustrating the use of protective behaviours. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of the protection motivation theory questionnaire for fall prevention in older people in Iran. Methods This study used a psychometric design. A literature review was initially performed and developed a 35-item questionnaire consisting of eight sub-constructs of the protection motivation theory. A panel of experts and a group of older people aged 60 years or above were invited to assess the content and face validity of the questionnaire. Thereafter, construct validity was evaluated by using confirmatory factor analysis. The reliability of the questionnaire was examined using test–retest reliability and internal consistency. Data analysis was performed using the partial least squares path modelling version three software. Results A total of 300 people living in retirement centres completed the questionnaire. In the expert panel review, all tasks received a content validity index above 0.90 and a content validity ratio above 0.80, representing good content validity. In total, 32 items remained in the final version of the questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed an acceptable eight-factor model fit of the protection motivation theory sub-constructs with factor loadings from 0.59 to 0.93. The discriminant validity was verified using the Fornell–Larcker criterion. The Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.68 to 0.90 and the test–retest reliability ranged from 0.78 to 0.90, displaying an acceptable result. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that the protection motivation theory questionnaire had good validation and can be used to measure the psychological predictors of fall behaviour in older people. Further studies are needed to evaluate the validity in various settings.
Broadband plasma spray anti-reflection coating technology for millimeter-wave astrophysics
Authors: Jeong Oliver , Plambeck Richard , Raum Christopher , Suzuki Aritoki , Lee Adrian T. 
Published: January 2023

We present a broadband plasma spray anti-reflection (AR) coating
technology for millimeter-wave astrophysics experiments with
large-format, cryogenic optics. By plasma spraying alumina- and
silica-based powders, we have produced coatings of tunable index of
refraction and thickness, low loss, and coefficient of thermal
expansion matched to alumina substrates. We demonstrate two-layer AR
coatings on alumina with reflection below 5% over 82% and 69%
fractional bandwidths for 90/150 and 220/280 GHz passband
designs, respectively, and band-averaged absorption loss reduced to

∼

1
%

at 100 K for both AR coatings.
We describe the design, tolerance, fabrication process, and optical
measurements of these AR coatings.
Generation of bright–dark solitons in an Er-doped fiber laser employing InSb as a saturable absorber
Authors: Tang Shouqian , Sheng Qiuyan , Wang Yanjuan , Chen Si , Ye Faming , Yang Fuhao , Sun Shuo , Sui Zhiqi , Bai Caixun , Lu Cheng , Fu Shenggui , Zhang Huanian , Zhang Wenfei , Wang Guomei 
Published: January 2023

In this paper, an indium antimonide (InSb) saturable absorber (SA) was
successfully fabricated. The saturable absorption properties of the
InSb SA were studied, and they show a modulation depth and a saturable
intensity of 5.17% and 9.23MW/cm2, respectively. By employing the InSb
SA and building the ring cavity laser structure, the bright–dark
soliton operations were successfully obtained by increasing the pump
power to 100.4 mW and adjusting the polarization controller. As
the pump power increased from 100.4 to 180.3 mW, the average
output power increased from 4.69 to 9.42 mW, the corresponding
fundamental repetition rate was 2.85 MHz, and the
signal-to-noise ratio was 68 dB. The experimental results show
that InSb with excellent saturable absorption characteristics can be
used as a SA to obtain pulse lasers. Therefore, InSb has important
potential in fiber laser generation, further applications in
optoelectronics, laser distance ranging, and optical fiber
communication, and it can be widely developed.
Radiation-induced attenuation in aluminum- and aluminum-thulium-doped optical fibers
Authors: Gallet Antoine , Caussanel Matthieu , Duval Hervé , Djama Kadar Mahamoud , Thil Stéphane , Eynard Julien , Grieu Stéphane , Trzesien Stanislaw , Ude Michèle , Dussardier Bernard 
Published: January 2023

Gamma-ray-induced attenuation in Al-doped and Al/Tm-co-doped optical fibers is investigated in the visible and near-infrared domain up to 1 Gy. The behavior of radiation-induced attenuation (RIA) regarding dose and dose rate is discussed. Our results reveal high sensitivities for both types of fibers at low gamma ray doses and also reveal that Al/Tm fibers are very promising at original interrogation wavelengths for dosimetry applications.
Changes in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption in the first two years (2018 – 2020) of San Francisco’s tax: A prospective longitudinal study
Authors: Silver Lynn D. , Padon Alisa A. , Li Libo , Simard Bethany J. , Greenfield Thomas K. 
Published: January 2023

Background
Sugar sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes are a promising strategy to decrease SSB consumption, and their inequitable health impacts, while raising revenue to meet social objectives. In 2016, San Francisco passed a one cent per ounce tax on SSBs. This study compared SSB consumption in San Francisco to that in San José, before and after tax implementation in 2018.

Methods & findings
A longitudinal panel of adults (n = 1,443) was surveyed from zip codes in San Francisco and San José, CA with higher densities of Black and Latino residents, racial/ethnic groups with higher SSB consumption in California. SSB consumption was measured at baseline (11/17-1/18), one- (11/18-1/19), and two-years (11/19-1/20) after the SSB tax was implemented in January 2018. Average daily SSB consumption (in ounces) was ascertained using the BevQ-15 instrument and modeled as both continuous and binary (high consumption: ≥6 oz (178 ml) versus low consumption: <6 oz) daily beverage intake measures. Weighted generalized linear models (GLMs) estimated difference-in-differences of SSB consumption between cities by including variables for year, city, and their interaction, adjusting for demographics and sampling source. In San Francisco, average SSB consumption in the sample declined by 34.1% (-3.68 oz, p = 0.004) from baseline to 2 years post-tax, versus San José which declined 16.5% by 2 years post-tax (-1.29 oz, p = 0.157), a non-significant difference-in-differences (-17.6%, adjusted AMR = 0.79, p = 0.224). The probability of high SSB intake in San Francisco declined significantly more than in San José from baseline to 2-years post-tax (AOR[interaction] = 0.49, p = 0.031). The difference-in-differences of odds of high consumption, examining the interaction between cities, time and poverty, was far greater (AOR[city*year 2*federal poverty level] = 0.12, p = 0.010) among those living below 200% of the federal poverty level 2-years post-tax.

Conclusions
Average SSB intake declined significantly in San Francisco post-tax, but the difference in differences between cities over time did not vary significantly. Likelihood of high SSB intake declined significantly more in San Francisco by year 2 and more so among low-income respondents.
The impact of ABO and RhD blood types on Babesia microti infection
Authors: Jajosky Ryan Philip , O’Bryan Jane , Spichler-Moffarah Anne , Jajosky Philip G. , Krause Peter J. , Tonnetti Laura 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundBabesiosis is an emerging infectious disease caused by intraerythrocyticBabesiaparasites that can cause severe disease and death. While blood type is known to affect the mortality ofPlasmodium falciparummalaria patients, associations between red blood cell (RBC) antigens andBabesia microtiinfection and disease severity are lacking.MethodsWe evaluated RhD and ABO blood types ofBabesia-infected (18S rRNA reactive) blood donors in 10 endemic states in the Northeastern and northern Midwestern United States. We also assessed possible associations between RhD and ABO blood types and disease severity among hospitalized babesiosis patients in Connecticut.ResultsA total of 768Babesia-infected blood donors were analyzed, of which 750 (97.7%) had detectableB.microti-specific antibodies.B.microti-infected blood donors were more likely to be RhD- (OR of 1.22, p-value 0.024) than RhD+ donors. Hospitalized RhD- babesiosis patients were more likely than RhD+ patients to have high peak parasitemia (p-value 0.017), which is a marker for disease severity. No differences in RhD+ blood type were noted between residents of the Northeast (OR of 0.82, p-value 0.033) and the Midwest (OR of 0.74, p-value 0.23). Overall, ABO blood type was not associated with blood donorB.microtiinfection, however,B.microti-infected donors in Maine and New Jersey were more likely to be blood type B compared to non-type B (OR 2.49 [p = 0.008] and 2.07 [p = 0.009], respectively), while infected donors from Pennsylvania were less likely to be type B compared to non-type B (OR 0.32 [p = 0.02]).ConclusionsPeople expressing RhD antigen may have a decreased risk ofB.microtiinfection and babesiosis severity. The association of B antigen withB.microtiinfection is less clear because the antigen appeared to be less prevalent in infected Pennsylvania blood donors but more prevalent in Maine and New Jersey infected donors. Future studies should quantify associations betweenB.microtigenotypes, RBC antigens, and the frequency and severity ofB.microtiinfection to increase our understanding of humanBabesiapathogenesis and improve antibody, vaccine, and RBC exchange transfusion strategies.
Evaluating scientific research barriers by gender and other characteristics from the perspective of ophthalmologists in Turkey: A multicenter survey study
Authors: Erdem Burak , Obut Abdulkadir , Kay Mehmet , Gok Mustafa , Bostan Sedat 
Published: January 2023

Background/Aim
The ever-increasing population and life expectancy worldwide increase the prevalence of ophthalmic diseases, and the need for ophthalmic research expands accordingly. In our study, we aimed to evaluate many aspects of the barriers, especially gender disparities, confronting ophthalmologists who aspire to conduct scientific research (SR).

Materials and methods
In this descriptive quantitative study, we distributed an online questionnaire to ophthalmologists in Turkey with 21 questions presented on a five-point Likert scale and two open-ended questions. The survey was prepared with Google forms. Participants were recruited via e-mail and social networks. A multicenter survey was conducted between January 29 and February 20, 2021, and a total of 210 valid responses were recorded.

Results
Participants’ responses were grouped into four types of barriers: motivation, time constraints, research support, and competence. Participants’ motivation to conduct research was above average (3.54±0.96), but most stated that they have time constraints (3.74±0.97). Participants did not agree that there is adequate support for research (2.35±0.76), and they self assessed their level of the required competence to be average (2.87±1.08). Women were more motivated to do SR than men (p = 0.008), but there were no statistically significant differences between women and men in terms of time constraints, research support, and level of competence (p = 0.853, p = 0.482, and p = 0.558, respectively). Although there is no statistically significant difference between men and women regarding time constraints, female physicians mentioned more about the barriers arising from their personal responsibilities (p = 0.038).

Conclusions
Our study revealed that ophthalmologists are enthusiastic about doing SR but encounter obstacles with regard to time availability and research support. In addition, there is a need to reinforce competence in SR. Although female physicians are more motivated than men, they must deal with competing domestic responsibilities.
Onopordum acanthium L. extract attenuates pancreatic β-Cells and cardiac inflammation in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Sharef Abdalmuhaimen Yusif , Hamdi Bushra Ahmed , Alrawi Rafal Abdulrazaq , Ahmad Hiwa Omer 
Published: January 2023

Background and objective
Methanolic extract from Onopordum acanthium L. leaves (MEOAL) has been discovered to treat diabetic complications. The objective of this study is to evaluate the ameliorative role of MEOAL on pancreatic islet injury and myocardial inflammation in diabetic rats.

Methods
Forty male Wister albino rats were allocated into five groups of eight rats each. Group A was the negative control group. Single intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin (50mg/kg) were used for the four experimental groups. Group B served as the positive control group. The rats in Groups C, D, and E received glibenclamide (5mg/kg), MEOAL (200, and 400 mg/kg) respectively, for eight weeks. Group C served as the standard drug group. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) assays for antioxidant activity were conducted in MEOAL. In silico study, calculation of molecular binding energy (DG), and inhibition constant (pKi) of bioactive constituents in MEOAL were performed.

Results
Administration of MEOAL significantly increases insulin content in β-cells with a marked enhancement of pancreatic islet structure, resulting in a significant reduction of blood glucose level and body weight loss. MEOAL treatment suppressed the increase of inflammatory cell score in myocardial tissue with an elevation of M2 –like macrophage. The phytochemical studies recorded the presence of six polyphenols, including catechin, kaempferol, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, epicatechin and gallic acid in MEOAL. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of the extract was greater than that of standard ascorbic acid. The docking studies of the ligands Catechin, kaempferol and epicatechin with proteins showed high affinities with various targets related in β-Cells and cardiac inflammation.

Conclusions
The attenuation of pancreatic β-Cells damage and cardiac inflammation by MEOAL could be attributed to the presence of Catechin, kaempferol and epicatechin which have high affinities with the receptors namely pancreatic alpha-amylase, glucokinase, COX-2, and COX-1.
Decentralization, Governance and Provision of Public Goods and Services in Togo
Authors: AYENAGBO Kossi 
Published: January 2023

The objective of this work is to analyse the impact of decentralisation on the quality of public services in Togo since 2019. After an exploratory analysis, data from the Afrobarometer survey (Round 8) were subjected to an econometric analysis with endogenous dichotomous variables. Overall, the results show that decentralisation and the level of corruption have a positive and significant impact on the quality of public service provision in Togo. The results also reveal that the accountability of local officials elected and the level of corruption have a positive and significant impact on the efficient provision of public services. These results also show that decentralisation contributes significantly to improving the quality of public services. Policy makers need to take adequate initiatives to make the transfer of competences to local governments more effective and sustainable in order to foster more inclusive development.