bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of EBV DNA and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with non-metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a retrospective study
Authors: Dong Huan , Huang Zichong , Yang Dong , Li Zhiru , Huang Heqing , Meng Zhen , Qin Yutao , Kang Min 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Analyzing the prognostic value of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA load and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in non-metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients, thereby developing a reliable and effective marker.

Methods
We compared survival rates among different groups using the Kaplan-Meier method and the Log-rank test. The factors affecting the prognosis of NPC patients were determined using univariate and multivariate cox regression analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to identify the cutoff-value and discriminant performance of the model.

Results
The ROC curve indicated a cut-off value of 775 copies/ml for EBV DNA and 203.3 for PLR. Kaplan-Meier and Log-rank tests showed that 3-year overall survival (OS), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) of NPC patients in high risk group (HRG) were significantly poorer than those in medium risk group (MRG) and low risk group (LRG). The 3-year OS of NPC patients was significantly correlated with age, N stage and EBV DNA-PLR. The 3-year LRFS were significantly correlated with sex, N stage, histology type, and EBV DNA-PLR. The 3-year DMFS were correlated with histology type. The ROC curve showed that area under the curve (AUC) values of EBV DNA-PLR of 3-year OS, LRFS and DMFS in NPC were higher than those of PLR and EBV DNA.

Conclusion
EBV DNA-PLR is an independent risk factor for the prognosis of NPC. Compared with PLR or EBV DNA alone, the combination of EBV DNA and PLR may be more accurate in predicting the prognosis of NPC patients.
Trends of underweight, overweight, and obesity among older adults in China from 2008 to 2018: a national observational survey
Authors: Jiesisibieke Dina , Feng Yuting , Jiesisibieke Zhu Liduzi , Liu Jue , Tao Liyuan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
This study aims to investigate the 10-year trends and disparities in underweight, overweight, and obesity among older adults aged 65 years and older in China from 2008 to 2018.

Methods
We used four waves (2008, 2011, 2014, and 2018) of data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), a national community-based cross-sectional survey conducted every 2–3 years. Body weight and height were measured by trained assessors following standardized procedures. BMI was calculated and divided into underweight (< 18.5 kg/m2), normal (18.5–24.9 kg/m2), overweight (25.0-29.9 kg/m2), obese (≥ 30.0 kg/m2) according to WHO reference. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to examine factors related with abnormal BMI groups, after adjusting for potential confounders.

Results
Among 46,543 older adults in China, the prevalence rates of underweight decreased with each survey year from 2008 to 2018, declining from 20.05 to 7.87% (p < 0.001). In contrast, the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity showed an increasing trend (all p < 0.001). Specifically, the prevalence of overweight rose from 12.82% to 2008 to 28.45% in 2018, and the prevalence of obesity increased from 1.62% to 2008 to 4.95% in 2018. In the multinomial logistic regression model, survey year, gender, residence, marital status, economic status, numbers of chronic diseases, smoking status, sleep quality, and functional disability were factors related with obesity.

Conclusion
The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were increasing while the prevalence of underweight and normal weight significantly decreased from 2008 to 2018 among older adults in China, which poses a huge challenge for chronic disease. There is an urgent need for intervention policy planning and early prevention of abnormal body weight for the preparation of an aging society.
Comorbid asthma in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: did dupilumab make a difference?
Authors: Al-Ahmad Mona , Ali Asmaa , Khalaf Mustafa , Alterki Abdulmohsen , Rodriguez-Bouza Tito 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The clinical heterogeneity of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and bronchial asthma is attributable to different underlying inflammatory profiles. However, the similarity between CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and type-2 asthma pathophysiology speculates that one biological therapy could affect both comorbidities. Despite dupilumab, a monoclonal antibody that targets IL-4α and IL-13 receptors, being used in patients with nasal polyps and severe asthma, real-life data about its efficacy in improving the quality of life and patient symptoms is still lacking. This study’s primary objective was to evaluate dupilumab treatment’s effect on the frequency of olfactory symptoms and health-related quality of life tests as measured by the Sino-nasal outcome test (SNOT-22) in patients with NP. The secondary objective was the effect of dupilumab on asthma symptom control as measured by the asthma control test (ACT).

Methods
A prospective study was conducted of 166 patients with CRSwNP, with or without asthma. The following variables were collected at baseline and after at least six months of continuous dupilumab therapy; SNOT-22, olfactory symptoms frequency, and ACT score.

Results
Asthma prevalence in patients with CRSwNP was high (59.63%), and being female with a history of frequent use of oral corticosteroid (OCS) courses and repeated unsuccessful nasal and para-nasal surgeries for polyposis increased the likelihood of having underlying asthma by 2, 1 and 4 times more, respectively. Additionally, being asthmatic required a longer duration of dupilumab treatment. However, both the health-related quality of life and olfactory symptoms improved equally in both groups.

Conclusion
Even with associated comorbid asthma in patients with CRSwNP, treatment with dupilumab could improve the quality of life, olfactory symptoms, and asthma symptom control.
Fully immersive virtual reality exergames with dual-task components for patients with Parkinson’s disease: a feasibility study
Authors: Yun Seo Jung , Hyun Sung Eun , Oh Byung-Mo , Seo Han Gil 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Dual-task training in Parkinson’s disease (PD) improves spatiotemporal gait parameters, cognition, and quality of life. Virtual reality (VR) has been used as a therapeutic tool for patients to participate in activities in a safe environment, engage in multisensory experiences, and improve motivation and interest in rehabilitation. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of fully immersive VR exergames with dual-task components in patients with PD.

Methods
We developed VR exergames (go/no-go punch game, go/no-go stepping game, and number punch game) to improve habitual behavior control using motor–cognitive dual-task performance in patients with PD. The participants underwent 10 sessions 2–3 times a week, consisting of 30 min per session. The Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, Timed Up and Go test (TUG) under single- and dual-task (cognitive and physical) conditions, Berg balance scale (BBS), Stroop test, trail-making test, and digit span were evaluated before and after intervention. The Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ) was used to assess VR cybersickness. Usability was assessed using a self-reported questionnaire.

Results
Twelve patients were enrolled and completed the entire training session. The mean age of participants was 73.83 ± 6.09 years; mean disease duration was 128.83 ± 76.96 months. The Hoehn and Yahr stages were 2.5 in seven patients and 3 in five patients. A significant improvement was observed in BBS and Stroop color–word test (p = 0.047 and p = 0.003, respectively). TUG time and dual-task interferences showed positive changes, but these changes were not statistically significant. The median SSQ total score was 28.05 (IQR: 29.92), 13.09 (IQR: 11.22), and 35.53 (IQR: 52.36) before, after the first session, and after the final session, respectively; the differences were not significant. Overall satisfaction with the intervention was 6.0 (IQR: 1.25) on a 7-point Likert-type scale.

Conclusions
Fully immersive VR exergames combined with physical and cognitive tasks may be used for rehabilitation of patients with PD without causing serious adverse effects. Furthermore, the exergames using dual-task components improved executive function and balance. Further development of VR training content may be needed to improve motor and dual-task performances.
Trial registration NCT04787549 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04787549)
Prevalence and factors associated with suicidal ideation among students taking university entrance tests: revisited and a study based on Geographic Information System data
Authors: Nahrin Rifat , Al-Mamun Firoj , Kaggwa Mark Mohan , Al Mamun Md. , Mamun Mohammed A. 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundA previous study identified students taking Bangladeshi university entrance tests as a vulnerable group at a higher risk of suicidal behaviours before the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the impact of the pandemic on the magnitude of these behaviours among this population remains unexplored.AimsThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence of suicidal ideation and associated factors among Bangladeshi university entrance test takers following the pandemic. In addition, an approach based on Geographic Information System (GIS) data was used to visualise the distribution of suicidal ideation across the country.MethodsA cross-sectional approach was used to collect data among participants taking the entrance test at Jahangirnagar University in September 2022. Using SPSS, data were analysed with chi-squared tests and binary regression, and ArcGIS was used to map the results across the nation.ResultsThe study revealed a prevalence of 14.4% for past-year suicidal ideation, with 7.4% and 7.2% reporting suicide plans and attempts, respectively. Notably, repeat test-takers exhibited a higher prevalence of suicidal behaviours. Significant risk factors for suicidal ideation included urban residence, smoking, drug use, COVID-19 infection and deaths among close relations, depression, anxiety and burnout. The GIS-based distribution indicated significant variation in the prevalence of suicidal ideation across different districts, with higher rates observed in economically and infrastructurally deprived areas.ConclusionsUrgent measures are needed to address the high prevalence of suicidal behaviours among students taking university entrance tests students in Bangladesh, particularly in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. Enhanced mental health support, targeted prevention efforts and improved resources in economically disadvantaged regions are crucial to safeguard the well-being of these students.
Improved Outcome for ALL by Prolonging Therapy for IKZF1 Deletion and Decreasing Therapy for Other Risk Groups
Authors: Pieters Rob , de Groot-Kruseman Hester , Fiocco Marta , Verwer Femke , Van Overveld Merian , Sonneveld Edwin , van der Velden Vincent , Beverloo H. Berna , Bierings Marc , Dors Natasja , de Haas Valérie , Hoogerbrugge Peter , Van der Sluis Inge , Tissing Wim , Veening Margreet , Boer Judith , Den Boer Monique 
Published: July 2023

PURPOSE The ALL10 protocol improved outcomes for children with ALL by stratifying and adapting therapy into three minimal residual disease–defined risk groups: standard risk, medium risk (MR), and high risk. IKZF1-deleted ( IKZF1del) ALL in the largest MR group still showed poor outcome, in line with protocols worldwide, accounting for a high number of overall relapses. ALL10 showed high toxicity in Down syndrome (DS) and excellent outcome in ETV6::RUNX1 ALL. Poor prednisone responders (PPRs) were treated as high risk in ALL10. In ALL11, we prolonged therapy for IKZF1del from 2 to 3 years. We reduced therapy for DS by omitting anthracyclines completely, for ETV6::RUNX1 in intensification, and for PPR by treatment as MR. METHODS Eight hundred nineteen patients with ALL (age, 1-18 years) were enrolled on ALL11 and stratified as in ALL10. Results were compared with those in ALL10. RESULTS The five-year overall survival (OS), event-free survival (EFS), cumulative risk of relapse (CIR), and death in complete remission on ALL11 were 94.2% (SE, 0.9%), 89.0% (1.2), 8.2% (1.1), and 2.3% (0.6), respectively. Prolonged maintenance for IKZF1del MR improved 5-year CIR by 2.2-fold (10.8% v 23.4%; P = .035) and EFS (87.1% v 72.3%; P = .019). Landmark analysis at 2 years from diagnosis showed a 2.9-fold reduction of CIR (25.6%-8.8%; P = .008) and EFS improvement (74.4%-91.2%; P = .007). Reduced therapy did not abrogate 5-year outcome for ETV6::RUNX1 (EFS, 98.3%; OS, 99.4%), DS (EFS, 87.0%; OS, 87.0%), and PPR (EFS, 81.1%; OS, 94.9%). CONCLUSION Children with IKZF1del ALL seem to benefit from prolonged maintenance therapy. Chemotherapy was successfully reduced for patients with ETV6::RUNX1, DS, and PPR ALL. It has to be noted that these results were obtained in a nonrandomized study using a historical control group.
NATs at a glance
Authors: Aksnes Henriette , McTiernan Nina , Arnesen Thomas 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Most proteins receive an acetyl group at the N terminus while in their nascency as the result of modification by co-translationally acting N-terminal acetyltransferases (NATs). The N-terminal acetyl group can influence several aspects of protein functionality. From studies of NAT-lacking cells, it is evident that several cellular processes are affected by this modification. More recently, an increasing number of genetic cases have demonstrated that N-terminal acetylation has crucial roles in human physiology and pathology. In this Cell Science at a Glance and the accompanying poster, we provide an overview of the human NAT enzymes and their properties, substrate coverage, cellular roles and connections to human disease.
Comparative efficacy of intravenous levetiracetam and phenytoin in status epilepticus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Tasya Galuh Anis , Djatmiko Nadhira Iriani , Rahman Farhan Haidar Fazlur , Rahmawati Vita Kusuma 
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND Status epilepticus (SE) is a neurological emergency, with the current guidelines for second-line anticonvulsants may include phenytoin, levetiracetam, valproic acid, and phenobarbital. However, some studies suggest that levetiracetam may be better at stopping seizures in SE. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of intravenous (IV) levetiracetam and phenytoin in SE.
METHODS We searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, and Google Scholar for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on administering IV levetiracetam or phenytoin in patients with SE. RCTs were screened using eligibility criteria, and their quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I² test, and publication bias was evaluated using Egger’s test. All analyses were performed using Review Manager version 5.4 (The Cochrane Collaboration, UK) and Stata 17 (StataCorp LLC, USA).
RESULTS 12 RCTs involving 2,137 patients (1,099 receiving levetiracetam) met the inclusion criteria. Pooled analysis showed that levetiracetam therapy had a significantly higher rate of seizure cessation than phenytoin (RR: 1.10, 95% CI = 1.05−1.14, p = 0.02, I² = 51%). Less adverse events were observed in the levetiracetam group (9.34%) than in the phenytoin group (11.62%; RR: 0.82, 95% CI = 0.66–1.02, p = 0.07). However, there was no significant difference regarding IV levetiracetam or phenytoin administration with the incidence of admission to critical care (RR: 1.01; 95% CI = 0.93–1.10, p = 0.80) and mortality (RR: 1.08; 95% CI = 0.54–2.15; p = 0.82).
CONCLUSIONS IV levetiracetam was significantly better in the cessation of seizures in SE patients than phenytoin.
The correlation between NAFLD and serum uric acid to serum creatinine ratio
Authors: Choi Jangwon , Joe Hyun , Oh Jung-Eun , Cho Yong-Jin , Shin Hwang-Sik , Heo Nam Hun 
Published: July 2023

Background
With the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) increasing worldwide, many noninvasive techniques have been used to improve its diagnosis. Recently, the serum uric acid/creatinine (sUA/sCr) ratio was identified as an indicator of fatty liver disease. Therefore, we examined the relationship between sUA/sCr levels and ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD in Korean adults.

Methods
This study included 16,666 20-year-olds or older who received health checkups at a university hospital’s health promotion center from January to December 2021. Among them, 11,791 non-patients with and without NAFLD were analyzed, excluding those without abdominal ultrasound, those without data on fatty liver, cancer, or chronic kidney disease severity, those with a history of alcohol abuse, and those with serum hs-CRP <5 mg/L. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the sUA/sCr ratio according to the presence or absence of fatty liver disease and severity were calculated after correcting for confounding variables using logistic regression analysis. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) of the sUA/sCr ratio confirmed and compared the sensitivity and specificity of NAFLD and serum uric acid.

Results
sUA/sCr increased with fatty liver severity, and the post-correction OR in the NAFLD group was 1.183 (95% CI: 1.137–1.231) compared to the group without NAFLD. Concerning the fatty liver severity, the post-correction OR in the mild NAFLD group increased to 1.147 (95% CI: 1.099–1.196), and that in the moderate-to-severe NAFLD group increased to 1.275 (95% CI: 1.212–1.341) compared to the group without NAFLD. The sensitivity of sUA/sCr to fatty liver severity was 57.9% for the non-NAFLD group, 56.7% for the mild NAFLD group, and 59.0% for the moderate-to-severe NAFLD group; the specificity of sUA/sCr to fatty liver severity 61.4% for the non-NAFLD group, 57.3% for the mild NAFLD group, and 65.2% for the moderate-to-severe NAFLD group.

Conclusion
NAFLD severity is associated with sUA/sCR.
Los superhéroes ante los tribunales
Authors: Fajardo Sánchez Luis Alfonso 
Published: July 2023

El presente artículo es el primer informe de la investigación “Impacto de los superhéroes en la construcción de la cultura jurídica”, que aborda los distintos escenarios jurídicos que involucran las acciones de los superhéroes teniendo en cuenta varios factores previos, como una diferenciación general entre un héroe y un superhéroe, un estudio acerca de los acontecimientos históricos que dieron origen al cómic de superhéroes y superheroínas, y la incidencia de distintos factores políticos, económicos, geopolíticos, sociales y psicológicos determinantes en el comportamiento de cada superhéroe ante una situación particular. La dimensión ética y la concepción nos permite realizar un análisis general de los delitos y transgresiones a la ley penal y la presunta comisión de delitos por parte de estos superhéroes como, por ejemplo, homicidios, tortura, amenazas, interceptaciones ilegales de las comunicaciones, constreñimiento, paramilitarismo, hurtos, daño en bien ajeno y, especialmente, su ideal de tomar
la justicia por mano propia en su lucha contra el crimen y su búsqueda de justicia
Assessing the Relationship between Migraine and Sino-Nasal Symptoms and Diseases Among Syrian Private University Students: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Kadri Louloua Al , Nahas Louei , Al-Houri Ahmad 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: Migraine is a common chronic and disabling condition, diagnosed late in most patients. Furthermore, Sino- nasal diseases are severe stressing conditions that can correlate with headaches and migraine. This study aimed to assess the relationship between migraine and Sino- nasal diseases among Syrian private university students.
Methods: A case-control study was conducted among students of the Syrian Private University in Damascus, and written informed consent was obtained from all participants. A self-administered and completed Arabic questionnaire on migraine and its relationship to Sino- Nasal diseases was used in previous studies. The study included 963 students, of whom 417 were students who had migraines, and 546 were controls who did not have migraines. The Chi-square test was used to assess the relationship between cases and controls and study variables. P value was considered at < 0.05.
Results: Out of 963 students, 30.7% were male, and 69.3% were female. With an average age of 23.8. Most of the students were from the Faculty of Human Medicine, 27.1%, and were in their final years of study 24%. Most Sino- nasal diseases were related to migraine including nasal obstruction, the need to blow to empty, ear pain, pressure, or pain in facial bones. Sino- nasal Score was significantly related to migraine. The severity of Sino- nasal symptoms were significantly associated with migraine.
Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that the diseases and symptoms of the nose and sinuses are significantly associated with migraine. Healthcare providers must raise awareness about this relationship to evaluate it and provide appropriate advice and treatment at an early onset.
The Impact of Oil Refinery Exposure on Lung Cancer in Homs, Syria: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Daas Mahmoud , Bakir Hesham , ALShawaf Ahmad Zahi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This retrospective cohort study investigates the impact of an oil refinery on the incidence of lung cancer in Homs, Syria. The study compares the occurrence of lung cancer in Homs, where an oil refinery releases toxic gases, with the nearby city of Hama, which lacks such air pollution. The results reveal a higher incidence of lung cancer in Homs, indicating a potential association between exposure to refinery gases and lung cancer. The study emphasizes the importance of environmental monitoring and public health measures to mitigate the impact of air pollution on human health.
A fungal core effector exploits the OsPUX8B.2–OsCDC48-6 module to suppress plant immunity
Authors: Liu Wende , Shi Xuetao , Xie Xin , Guo Yuanwen , Zhang Junqi , Gong Ziwen , Zhang Kai , Mei Jie , Xia Xinyao , Xia Haoxue , Ning Na , Xiao Yutao , Yang Qing , Wang Guo-Liang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Ubiquitin regulatory X (UBX) domain–containing proteins are cofactors of the Cell Division Cycle 48 (CDC48) and play vital roles in protein quality control 1,2. Although compelling evidence suggests that CDC48s are essential regulators of plant immunity 3, little is known about whether and how the cofactors of CDC48, such as plant UBX-containing (PUX) proteins, participate in immune responses. We discovered that MoNLE1, an effector from the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae that localizes to the host nucleus, is a core virulence factor that suppresses rice immunity by specifically interfering with OsPUX8B.2. The UBX domain of OsPUX8B.2 is required for its binding to OsATG8 and OsCDC48-6 and controls its 26S proteasome–dependent stability. OsPUX8B.2 and OsCDC48-6 positively regulate plant immunity against blast fungus, while high-temperature tolerance heat shock protein OsBHT, a putative cytoplasmic substrate of OsPUX8B.2–OsCDC48-6, negatively regulates defense against blast infection. MoNLE1 promotes the nuclear migration and degradation of OsPUX8B.2 and disturbs its association with OsBHT. Given the high conservation of MoNLE1, plants with broad and durable blast resistance might be generated by engineering intracellular proteins resistant to MoNLE1.