bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aboveground biomass of forest and oil palm land cover mapping using Sentinel 2A imagery, Asahan-Indonesia
Authors: Samsuri  , Amanda S , Zaitunah A , Utomo B , Widyastuti D E 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Forests are the largest carbon sink, play an important role in the global carbon cycle, and can store at least ten times more carbon than other vegetation types. The study aims to model the aboveground biomass of forest and palm oil land cover, to map the amount of aboveground biomass in the Asahan district. Tree biomass is measured non-destructive or without cutting a tree sample. The independent variables from the biomass estimation model are the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), green normalized difference vegetation index (GNDVI), and transformed vegetation index (TVI) from Sentinel 2A images. The coefficient of determination selects the best model from the equation. The selected estimating model of forest coverage biomass is y = 3830,8ln(x) + 2356,6 with a predicted variable of the NDVI by a coefficient of determination of 79 %; palm oil coverage biomass is y = 0,0018x6,8778 with TVI variable by a coefficient of determination of 21%. The total aboveground biomass for forest coverage is 34,57 tons/ha, and oil palm coverage is 0,07 tons/ha
Optimal, hardware native decomposition of parameterized multi-qubit Pauli gates
Authors: Sriluckshmy P V , Pina-Canelles Vicente , Ponce Mario , Algaba Manuel G , IV Fedor Šimkovic , Leib Martin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We show how to efficiently decompose a parameterized multi-qubit Pauli (PMQP) gate into native parameterized two-qubit Pauli (P2QP) gates minimizing both the circuit depth and the number of P2QP gates. Given a realistic quantum computational model, we argue that the technique is optimal in terms of the number of hardware native gates and the overall depth of the decomposition. Starting from PMQP gate decompositions for the path and star hardware graph, we generalize the procedure to any generic hardware graph and provide exact expressions for the depth and number of P2QP gates of the decomposition. Furthermore, we show how to efficiently combine the decomposition of multiple PMQP gates to further reduce the depth as well as the number of P2QP gates for a combinatorial optimization problem using the Lechner–Hauke–Zoller mapping.
Label-free timing analysis of SiPM-based modularized detectors with physics-constrained deep learning
Authors: Ai Pengcheng , Xiao Le , Deng Zhi , Wang Yi , Sun Xiangming , Huang Guangming , Wang Dong , Li Yulei , Ran Xinchi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Pulse timing is an important topic in nuclear instrumentation, with far-reaching applications from high energy physics to radiation imaging. While high-speed analog-to-digital converters become more and more developed and accessible, their potential uses and merits in nuclear detector signal processing are still uncertain, partially due to associated timing algorithms which are not fully understood and utilized. In this paper, we propose a novel method based on deep learning for timing analysis of modularized detectors without explicit needs of labeling event data. By taking advantage of the intrinsic time correlations, a label-free loss function with a specially designed regularizer is formed to supervise the training of neural networks (NNs) towards a meaningful and accurate mapping function. We mathematically demonstrate the existence of the optimal function desired by the method, and give a systematic algorithm for training and calibration of the model. The proposed method is validated on two experimental datasets based on silicon photomultipliers as main transducers. In the toy experiment, the NN model achieves the single-channel time resolution of 8.8 ps and exhibits robustness against concept drift in the dataset. In the electromagnetic calorimeter experiment, several NN models (fully-connected, convolutional neural network and long short-term memory) are tested to show their conformance to the underlying physical constraint and to judge their performance against traditional methods. In total, the proposed method works well in either ideal or noisy experimental condition and recovers the time information from waveform samples successfully and precisely.
Aesthetic Enhancement of the Gonial Angle and Inferior Mandibular Border in the Chinese Population
Authors: Zhang Chen , Shi Yurui , Du Shanshan , Bi Hongsen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
The current absence of a standardized mandibular body osteotomy design poses challenges in surgical planning. Traditional approaches may not suit patients with wider anterior mandibles, potentially resulting in unsatisfactory outcomes. Addressing this issue requires a rational design that combines mandibular angle and body osteotomies for improved clinical practice.

Objectives
In this retrospective cohort study we aimed to analyze mandibular computed tomography (CT) data with digital methods. The goal was to establish an integrated osteotomy design for both mandibular angle and body procedures and classify prevalent mandibular types in the Chinese Han population for surgical guidance.

Methods
Included were 89 patients who underwent mandibular angle osteotomy without genioplasty between 2016 and 2022 at Peking University Third Hospital. Mimics 21.0 software facilitated CT data reconstruction and osteotomy planning. Postoperative effects were assessed through imaging, complications, and surveys, leading to mandibular type classification.

Results
Mandibular angles were categorized by 3 types, based on osteotomy range. Type I involved mandibular body osteotomy only, type II mandibular angle osteotomy only, and type III both mandibular angle and body osteotomies. Distribution within the cohort was 2.25%, 8.99%, and 88.76% for types I, II, and III respectively. Patient satisfaction was high, with minor and major complications at 47.19% and 1.12% by Clavien-Dindo classification.

Conclusions
Utilizing Mimics software, we established an integrated osteotomy design and categorized mandibular types. Findings offer valuable guidance for mandibular angle surgery and contribute to understanding of Asian mandibular morphology.

Level of Evidence: 3
The Impact of Political Fragmentation on the Municipal Spending in Peru
Authors: Mendoza Alberto , Hinostroza Sergio 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study evaluates the impact of political fragmentation at the municipal level on public expenditure during the period 2007–2018 for the Peruvian case. The results indicate that the effect of political fragmentation within a municipal council on the spending of the provincial municipality could be non-linear. That is, political fragmentation affects negatively the expenditure in a certain tranche and positively in another. In particular, we observe that the incidence occurs only on the execution of capital expenditure. On the other hand, the political fragmentation of the districts within a province seems not to have a significant effect on the execution of expenditure in coordinated areas such as transport, health, and sanitation. (JEL Codes: E62, H54, H72, P16, P35)
Heat extraction calculations for deep coaxial borehole heat exchangers: matrix analytical approach
Authors: Matyska Ctirad , Zábranová Eliška 
Published: September 2023

SUMMARY
Deep boreholes represent a source of clean energy. Therefore, effective calculations of potential extraction of heat from boreholes for realistic models of the Earth’s crust with variable thermal conductivity and diffusivity are needed. We deal with heat extraction in a quasi-steady state from coaxial boreholes where downward and upward flows of pumped fluid (water) are separated by an inner pipe and connected only at the bottom. We first obtain theoretical estimates of heat extraction for a thermally isolated inner pipe and a model of the ground with constant thermal diffusivity and conductivity. Then, we develop a new analytical matrix method for a general layered ground model that enables us to include depth-dependent ground properties as well as heat exchange between the downward and upward flows of fluid in the borehole. Our straightforward and fast approach is thus suitable for various parametric studies or as a tool for benchmarks of numerical software. A key role in heat extraction from coaxial boreholes is played by the inner-pipe thermal resistance. We apply our method to the parametric study showing the dependence of pumped water temperature and total heat extraction from the borehole on realistic borehole geometries under different amounts of water pumping. The calculations are performed for a 3 km deep borehole as the representative of present deep boreholes used for extraction of geothermal energy and for a 10 km deep borehole. Drilling of such a superdeep borehole has just started in China and our results demonstrate potential limits of geothermal energy extraction from such great depths.
PoWRKY71 is involved in Paeonia ostii resistance to drought stress by directly regulating light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding 151 gene
Authors: Luan Yuting , Chen Zijie , Fang Ziwen , Huang Xingqi , Zhao Daqiu , Tao Jun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Although the functions of WRKY transcription factors in drought resistance are well known, their regulatory mechanisms in response to drought by stabilising photosynthesis remain unclear. Here, a differentially expressed PoWRKY71 gene that was highly expressed in drought-treated Paeonia ostii leaves was identified through transcriptome analysis. PoWRKY71 positively responded to drought stress with significantly enhanced expression patterns and overexpressing PoWRKY71 in tobacco greatly improved plant tolerance to drought stress, whereas silencing PoWRKY71 in P. ostii resulted in a drought-intolerant phenotype. Furthermore, lower chlorophyll contents, photosynthesis, and inhibited expression of photosynthesis-related light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding 151 (CAB151) gene were found in PoWRKY71-silenced P. ostii. Meanwhile, a homologous system indicated that drought treatment increased PoCAB151 promoter activity. Interactive assays revealed that PoWRKY71 directly bound on the W-box element of PoCAB151 promoter and activated its transcription. In addition, PoCAB151 overexpressing plants demonstrated increased drought tolerance, together with significantly higher chlorophyll contents and photosynthesis, whereas these indices were dramatically lower in PoCAB151-silenced P. ostii. The above results indicated that PoWRKY71 activated the expression of PoCAB151, thus stabilising photosynthesis via regulating chloroplast homeostasis and chlorophyll content in P. ostii under drought stress. This study reveals a novel drought-resistance mechanism in plants and provides a feasible strategy for improving plant drought resistance via stabilising photosynthesis.
Linearly implicit energy-preserving integrating factor methods and convergence analysis for the 2D nonlinear Schrödinger equation with wave operator
Authors: Gu Xuelong , Cai Wenjun , Wang Yushun , Jiang Chaolong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we develop a novel class of linearly implicit and energy-preserving integrating factor methods for the 2D nonlinear Schrödinger equation with wave operator (NLSW), combining the scalar auxiliary variable approach and the integrating factor methods. To begin, a second-order scheme is proposed, which is rigorously proved to be energy-preserving. By using the energy methods, we analyze its optimal convergence without any restrictions on the grid ratio, where a novel technique and an improved induction argument are proposed to circumvent the difficulty arising from the unavailability of a priori $L^{\infty }$ estimates of numerical solutions. Based on the integrating factor Runge–Kutta methods, we extend the proposed scheme to arbitrarily high order, which is also linearly implicit and conservative. Numerical experiments are presented to confirm the theoretical analysis and demonstrate the advantages of the proposed methods.
The Jacobson–Morozov Morphism for Langlands Parameters in the Relative Setting
Authors: Bertoloni Meli Alexander , Imai Naoki , Youcis Alex 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We construct a moduli space $\textsf {LP}_{G}$ of $\operatorname {SL}_{2}$-parameters over ${\mathbb {Q}}$, and show that it has good geometric properties (e.g., explicitly parametrized geometric connected components and smoothness). We construct a Jacobson–Morozov morphism$\textsf {JM}\colon \textsf {LP}_{G}\to \textsf {WDP}_{G}$ (where $\textsf {WDP}_{G}$ is the moduli space of Weil–Deligne parameters considered by several other authors). We show that $\textsf {JM}$ is an isomorphism over a dense open of $\textsf {WDP}_{G}$, that it induces an isomorphism between the discrete loci $\textsf {LP}^{\textrm {disc}}_{G}\to \textsf {WDP}_{G}^{\textrm {disc}}$, and that for any ${\mathbb {Q}}$-algebra $A$ it induces a bijection between Frobenius semi-simple equivalence classes in $\textsf {LP}_{G}(A)$ and Frobenius semi-simple equivalence classes in $\textsf {WDP}_{G}(A)$ with constant (up to conjugacy) monodromy operator.
Sensitivity of Two-Tiered Lyme Disease Serology in Children With an Erythema Migrans Lesion
Authors: Thompson Amy D , Balamuth Fran , Neville Desiree N , Chapman Laura L , Levas Michael N , Kharbanda Anupam B , Branda John A , Ladell Meagan M , Loiselle Claire , Nigrovic Lise E 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In our prospective cohort of 192 children with a physician-diagnosed erythema migrans (EM) lesion, two-tier Lyme disease serology had higher sensitivity in children with multiple EM lesions (76.8% multiple lesions vs. 38.1% single EM; difference 38.7%, 95% confidence interval 24.8%–50.4%). The diagnosis of cutaneous Lyme disease should be based on careful physical examination rather than laboratory testing.
Hemoclip migration after revision carpal tunnel release: a case report
Authors: Jain Neil , Murchinson Megan , Rounds Alexis , Bourland Bryan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A 22-year-old female presented to our clinic with the redevelopment of compressive symptoms after undergoing right carpal tunnel release 2 years prior. During revision surgery, the application of a chitosan polysaccharide membrane wrap over the median nerve was secured with three hemoclips. Follow-up revealed that these clips traveled distally to the volar aspect of the patient’s small finger necessitating excision. Hemoclips in hand surgery serve as a useful tool for securing constructs; however, the recommendation to use them sparingly is made because of the potential for migration and exacerbation of symptoms.
Modeling dynamics of legal relations with dynamic logic
Authors: van Eijck Jan , Ju Fengkui , Xu Tianwen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The fundamental relations in private law are claims and duties. These legal relations can be changed by agents with the appropriate legal powers. We use propositional dynamic logic and ideas about propositional control from the agency literature to formalize these changes in legal relations. Our models are sets of states with functions specifying atomic facts, agents’ abilities to change atomic facts, legal relations between agents concerning changing atomic facts and agents’ powers. We present a formal language that allows us to describe models and changes of models caused by two kinds of actions: actions that change atomic facts and actions that change legal relations. Next, we present a sound and complete calculus for this language. The paper demonstrates that the perspective on actions borrowed from computer science can be used to shed interesting light on the dynamics of legal relations.
Context-based argumentation frameworks and multi-agent consensus building
Authors: Yu Zhe , Ju Shier , Chen Weiwei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Argumentation must be conducted within specific contexts that involve particular social norms and values. For decision-making, the divergence of opinions among participants does not lie solely in disagreements of common sense and beliefs but mainly stems from differences in the priority orderings over values. In this paper, we discuss how to build consensus among participants holding different value orderings based on an extended structured argumentation framework that takes contextual factors into account. Compared with other formal systems for multi-agent reasoning based on argumentation, the context-based argumentation system especially emphasizes the dynamic nature of contexts. In addition, we refer to a pragmatic perspective to discuss how people manage to achieve the consensus they expect by changing contexts during an argument.
Lithium photodisintegration with linearly polarized photons at astrophysical energies
Authors: V Aswathi , Shastri Venkataramana , S. P. Shilpashree 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
We present here a model-independent theoretical discussion of differential cross-sections in photodisintegration of lithium with unpolarized and linearly polarized photons. In recent years, experimental measurements are being carried out on the photodisintegration of lithium in the reaction channel 7Li(γ, n)6Li to study the angular dependence of cross-section. In this regard, we have studied the spin structure of amplitudes in 7Li(γ, n)6Li by expressing the differential cross-section in terms of Legendre polynomials.
Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of the living Pleurotomariidae (Vetigastropoda), with the description of a new genus
Authors: Harasewych M G , Anseeuw Patrick , Zuccon Dario , Puillandre Nicolas 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
The once diverse family Pleurotomariidae had a widespread global distribution spanning shallow-water faunas throughout the Mesozoic but is presently known only from bathyal habitats along the western margins of the Atlantic and Indo-Pacific Oceans at temperate and tropical latitudes. We evaluate the relationships among surviving lineages of Pleurotomariidae using partial sequences of two mitochondrial genes and three nuclear genes for 22 of the 45 named Recent species-level taxa for which sequence data were available for two or more genes. Phylogenetic analyses partition these species among five lineages, including the new genus Bouchetitrochus n. gen. that is described herein. Of the five lineages, two are present in both the western Atlantic and the western Indo-Pacific Oceans, one is endemic to the western Atlantic and two are endemic to the western Indo-Pacific.
If You Build It, Will They Come? Patient and Provider Use of a Novel Hybrid Telehealth Care Pathway for Low Back Pain
Authors: Lentz Trevor A , Coffman Cynthia J , Cope Tyler , Stearns Zachary , Simon Corey B , Choate Ashley , Gladney Micaela , France Courtni , Hastings S Nicole , George Steven Z 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this study was to describe the referrals and use of a hybrid care model for low back pain that includes on-site care by physical therapists, physical activity training, and psychologically informed practice (PiP) delivered by telehealth in the Improving Veteran Access to Integrated Management of Low Back Pain (AIM-Back) trial.

Methods
Data were collected from November 2020 through February 2023 from 5 Veteran Health Administration clinics participating in AIM-Back, a multisite, cluster-randomized embedded pragmatic trial. The authors extracted data from the Veteran Health Administration Corporate Data Warehouse to describe referral and enrollment metrics, telehealth use (eg, distribution of physical activity and PiP calls), and treatments used by physical therapists and telehealth providers.

Results
Seven hundred one veterans were referred to the AIM-Back trial with 422 enrolling in the program (consult-to-enrollment rate = 60.2%). After travel restrictions were lifted, site visits resulted in a significant increase in referrals and a number of new referring providers. At initial evaluation by on-site physical therapists, 92.2% of veterans received pain modulation (eg, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, manual therapy). Over 81% of enrollees completed at least 1 telehealth physical activity call, with a mean of 2.8 (SD = 2.0) calls out of 6. Of the 167 veterans who screened as medium to high risk of persistent disability, 74.9% completed at least 1 PiP call, with a mean of 2.5 (SD = 2.0) calls out of 6. Of those who completed at least 1 PiP call (n = 125), 100% received communication strategies, 97.6% received pain coping skills training, 89.6% received activity-based treatments, and 99.2% received education in a home program.

Conclusion
In implementing a hybrid care pathway for low back pain, the authors observed consistency in the delivery of core components (ie, pain modulation, use of physical activity training, and risk stratification to PiP), notable variability in telehealth calls, high use of PiP components, and increased referrals with tailored provider engagement.

Impact
These findings describe variability occurring within a hybrid care pathway and can inform future implementation efforts.
High-Intensity Small Muscle Mass Training in Patients With Heart Failure: Rationale and Design of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Louis Menaka , Hwang Rita , Sabapathy Surendran , Roberts Llion Arwyn , Morris Norman Rolston 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective
Small muscle mass training localized to the quadriceps femoris muscle group has been proposed as an intervention to reverse heart failure-related skeletal muscle impairments. Although this training paradigm has demonstrated efficacy in heart failure, it remains to be evaluated in a conventional clinical context. Hence, the aim of this proposed study is to determine the effects of integrating high-intensity small muscle mass training (HISMT) isolated to the knee extensor muscles within a standard heart failure rehabilitation program.

Methods
This single-blind, randomized controlled trial will aim to recruit 70 participants with heart failure. Participants will be randomized to either (1) standard training: combination of upper and lower extremity cardiovascular and resistance-based exercises, or (2) HISMT plus modified standard training: bilateral knee extensor HISMT and a modified version of the standard training, so that the total volume of work will be similar to standard training alone. The training interventions will be undertaken twice weekly for 12 weeks in an outpatient clinical setting. Outcome measurements will be performed at baseline and after the 12-week intervention period. The primary outcome will be exercise capacity (6-Minute Walk Test), with secondary outcomes being physical performance measures, muscle strength, and health-related quality of life. Data will be analyzed using the intention-to-treat principle.

Impact
This study will address a gap in the literature regarding the efficacy of small muscle training under routine clinical conditions for individuals with heart failure. The findings will also provide insight into the effects of HISMT within a heart failure rehabilitation program, thus enabling the optimization of exercise prescription for this patient population.
Post-Buckling Solutions for the Gao Beam
Authors: Netuka H , Machalová J 
Published: September 2023

Summary
This article analyses static buckling of the so-called Gao beam nonlinear model. It considers pure buckling problems in which the vertical loads are omitted. The analysis, using minimisation of energy and the concept of a modified Rayleigh quotient, leads to new results regarding the critical load necessary for buckling, and the existence and number of post-buckling solutions. Computational results are provided for cases with fixed axial loading. Furthermore, the authors explore the impact of the system parameters on the solutions, which are summarised in a table. The new findings in this research are unique and help to better understand the behaviour of the static and dynamic Gao beam.