bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of different nanoparticles on the gas injection performance in EOR operation: Parametric and CFD simulation study
Authors: Gharibshahi Reza , Jafari Arezou , Asadzadeh Naser 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study aims to simulate the process of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) during gas injection along with nanoparticles and investigate the affecting parameters in a conventional carbonate oil reservoir. Ansys Fluent software with a suitable multiphase model was used to simulate natural gas injection with a nanoparticle into a core sample. The simulation model was validated with a laboratory test of natural gas injection. Then, to obtain the optimal values of each of the parameters affecting the process of EOR during the natural gas injection along with nanoparticles, the design of the experiment was carried out with the help of Qualitek‐4 software and the Taguchi method. Therefore, three factors, including nanoparticle type (clay, titanium oxide, and silica nanoparticles), nanoparticle diameter (2–50 nm), and the volume fraction of nanoparticles in the base fluid (0.5–5 vol.%), as influential factors on the EOR during natural gas injection along with nanoparticles were chosen. The results of the numerical study indicated that silica nanoparticles significantly affect EOR more than clay and titanium oxide nanoparticles. Moreover, the smaller the diameter of nanoparticles (close to 2 nm) and the more significant the volume fraction of nanoparticles in the base fluid (close to 5 vol.%), the higher the oil recovery factor will be. This phenomenon occurs due to changes in the density and viscosity of the base fluid and, consequently, improves the mobility ratio of the injected fluid. On the other hand, the tiny size of nanoparticles allows them to easily enter the pores of the reservoir rock without entrapping and producing oil from them. Eventually, the highest oil recovery factor (59%) was obtained using silica nanoparticles with a diameter of 2 nm and a volume fraction of 5 vol.% in natural gas injection.
The correlation of left atrial diameter with preserved ejection fraction, reduced ejection fraction, and mid‐range ejection fraction
Authors: Lin Jing , Wu Huajui , Zhang Tianwen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn patients with heart failure, left atrial remodeling often occurs to varying degrees. Left atrial enlargement has been proved to be an important predictor of cardiovascular‐related adverse events. However, the relationship between left atrial diameter (LAD) with heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and mid‐range ejection fraction (HFmrEF) remains unclear.HypothesisWe want to explore the correlation between left atrial diameter and HFpEF, HFmrEF, and HFrEF.MethodsA total of 210 patients with heart failure who underwent hospitalization in Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Zhejiang, China, from January 1, 2020, to June 31, 2021, were reviewed. The basic demographic characteristics, blood test, and the related indexes of echocardiography of the subjects were collected and analyzed.ResultsThere is a significant difference between HFpEF and HFrEF group in LAD (p = .007), and LAD is negatively correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (p = .002, r = −.209).ConclusionLAD is negatively correlated with LVEF, which may predict the prevalence of HFrEF.
Photonanozyme with Light Mediated Activity
Authors: Gong Zeyu , Tong Linjing , Wang Junhui , Huang Siming , Chen Guosheng , Ouyang Gangfeng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSince the discovery that Fe3O4 nanoparticle has intrinsic natural peroxidase‐like activity by Yan et al in 2007, mimicking native enzymes via nano‐engineering (named as nanozyme) pays a new avenue to bypass the fragility and recyclability of natural enzymes and thus expedites the biocatalysis in multidisciplinary applications. In addition, the high programmability and structural stability attributes of nanozyme afford the ease of coupling with electromagnetic waves of different energies, providing great opportunities to construct photo‐responsive nanozyme under user‐defined electromagnetic waves, which is known as photo‐nanozyme. In this concept, we aim to providing a summary of how electromagnetic waves with varying wavelengths can serve as external stimuli to induce or enhance the biocatalytic performance of photo‐nanozymes, thereby offering fascinating functions that cannot be achieved by pristine nanozyme.
Effect of Conversion, Temperature and Feed Ratio on In2O3/In(OH)3 Phase Transitions in Methanol Synthesis Catalysts: A Combined Experimental and Computational Study
Authors: Kampe Philipp , Wesner Anne , Schühle Patrick , Hess Franziska , Albert Jakob 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCatalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol has attracted lots of attention as it makes CO2 useable as a sustainable carbon source. This study combines theoretical calculations based on the dummy catalytic cycle model with experimental studies on the performance and degradation of indium‐based model catalysts for methanol synthesis. In detail, the reversibility of phase transitions in the In2O3/In(OH)3 system under industrial methanol synthesis conditions are investigated depending on conversion, temperature and feed ratio. The dummy catalytic cycle model predicts a peculiar degradation behavior of In(OH)3 at 275 °C depending on the water formed either by methanol synthesis or the competing reverse water‐gas‐shift reaction. These results were validated by dedicated experimental studies confirming the predicted trends. Moreover, X‐ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis proved the ensuing phase transition between the indium species. Finally, the validated model is used to predict how hydrogen drop out will affect the stability of the catalyst and derive practical strategies to prevent irreversible catalyst degradation.
Patient satisfaction following resin‐bonded fixed dental prostheses cemented by using the Dahl concept
Authors: Lim Tong Wah , Idris Rostam Iffendi , Mahmud Melati 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveResin‐bonded fixed dental prostheses (RBFDPs) cemented at an increased occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) (the Dahl concept) to create space for a metal retainer remains controversial because of the lack of reported clinical studies. This study analyzed the demographic (age and sex) and clinical factors (location and arch of prosthesis) affecting the patients' perception of RBFDPs cemented at an increased OVD.Material and MethodsTwenty‐eight participants treated with cantilevered RBFDP at an increased OVD were prospectively recruited. They were asked to answer a validated patient satisfaction questionnaire based on six parameters during the 12‐week review visit.Results71.4% of the participants were completely satisfied with the color, shape, and function. Twenty‐one (75%) participants reported no complaints about the prostheses. 89.3% will recommend this treatment option to others. There was a significant difference between males and females in avoiding loading on the prostheses (p = 0.015). The level of satisfaction did not differ by age, ethnicity, location, and arch of the prostheses (p > 0.05).ConclusionsPatient satisfaction toward RBFDP cemented by using the Dahl approach was generally high on all the parameters at the 12‐week review visit.
Mitigating the socioeconomic impacts of the mining industry through Social Technologies: Guidelines for technology transfer between universities and communities
Authors: Nogueira Marcela Aguiar , Costa Lais Cristina , Resende Douglas Mol , Carvalho Victor Rezende , Mendes Júlia Castro , Peixoto Ricardo André Fiorotti 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe mineral sector causes socioeconomic and environmental impacts on the surrounding communities. Thus, Social Technologies (STs) developed by universities are an alternative for improving the quality of life of the people affected by mining activities. STs are a Latin American practice comprising solutions for social inclusion and economic development. Thus, this article critically investigates the impacts of mining and STs, reinforcing the potential applications of STs in this field. Additionally, the work discusses the possibilities of technology transfer from the university to society through a comprehensive literature review, and the authors developed guidelines to mitigate the impacts of mining activities using STs implementation with technology transfer as a tool. The literature review showed that, although multiple STs aim at social inclusion, the success of the ST depends on the socio‐technical suitability of each community, an efficient training process, and the capacity for self‐management by the social actors. The guideline created includes aspects of: approach and scenario reconstruction, mapping, identification of vocations, training, and technical support for affected communities. Additionally, the mining sector can use these guidelines as a Corporate Social Responsibility tool.
High Formate Selectivity and Deactivation Mechanism of CuS Nanoparticles in CO2 Electrocatalytic Reduction Reaction
Authors: Wang Min , Li Xiaoyao , Ma Xia , Wang Jie , Jin Xixiong , Zhang Lingxia , Shi Jianlin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCO2 electroreduction into liquid fuels is of broad interest and benefits reducing the energy crisis and environment burdens. CuS has been reported to be a desirable candidate for CO2 electroreduction into formate; however, its formate selectivity and stability are still far from the demands of practical application. Herein, we report CuS nanoparticles exhibiting good Faradaic efficiency of formate (about 98 %) in CO2 electroreduction and its deactivation mechanism during the reaction. The deactivation of CuS was found to be associated with the reconstruction and S loss of CuS, which deteriorates the Faradaic efficiency of formate. Combined with ionic and gas analyses, the S atom in CuS was lost in the form of H2S, SO2, and SO42−, followed by the reconstruction of CuS into copper oxides. Such a catalyst reconstruction facilitates electroreductions of CO2 and H2O, respectively, into CO and H2, etc., resulting in the degradation of catalytical performance of CO2 electroreduction into formate. This work reveals the important role of S loss and reconstruction of metal sulfide catalysts during the electroreduction reaction, which may benefit the further development of CuS‐based electro‐catalyst for CO2 electroreduction.
Different solubilizing ability of cyclodextrin derivatives for cholesterol in Niemann–Pick disease type C treatment
Authors: Yamada Yusei , Fukaura‐Nishizawa Madoka , Nishiyama Asami , Ishii Akira , Kawata Tatsuya , Shirakawa Aina , Tanaka Mayuko , Kondo Yuki , Takeo Toru , Nakagata Naomi , Miwa Toru , Takeda Hiroki , Orita Yorihisa , Motoyama Keiichi , Higashi Taishi , Arima Hidetoshi , Seki Takahiro , Kurauchi Yuki , Katsuki Hiroshi , Higaki Katsumi , Minami Kentaro , Yoshikawa Naoki , Ikeda Ryuji , Matsuo Muneaki , Irie Tetsumi , Ishitsuka Yoichi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundNiemann–Pick disease type C (NPC) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by abnormal intracellular cholesterol trafficking. Cyclodextrins (CDs), the most promising therapeutic candidates for NPC, but with concerns about ototoxicity, are cyclic oligosaccharides with dual functions of unesterified cholesterol (UC) shuttle and sink that catalytically enhance the bidirectional flux and net efflux of UC, respectively, between the cell membrane and the extracellular acceptors. However, the properties of CDs that regulate these functions and how they could be used to improve treatments for NPC are unclear.MethodsWe estimated CD–UC complexation for nine CD derivatives derived from native α‐, β‐, and γ‐CD with different cavity sizes, using solubility and molecular docking analyses. The stoichiometry and complexation ability of the resulting complexes were investigated in relation to the therapeutic effectiveness and toxicity of each CD derivative in NPC experimental models.FindingsWe found that shuttle and sink activities of CDs are dependent on cavity size‐dependent stoichiometry and substituent‐associated stability of CD–UC complexation. The ability of CD derivatives to form 1:1 and 2:1 complexes with UC were correlated with their ability to normalize intracellular cholesterol trafficking serving as shuttle and with their cytotoxicity associated with cellular UC efflux acting as sink, respectively, in NPC model cells. Notably, the ability of CD derivatives to form an inclusion complex with UC was responsible for not only efficacy but ototoxicity, while a representative derivative without this ability negligibly affected auditory function, underscoring its preventability.ConclusionsOur findings highlight the importance of strategies for optimizing the molecular structure of CDs to overcome this functional dilemma in the treatment of NPC.
Split‐Cas9‐based targeted gene editing and nanobody‐mediated proteolysis‐targeting chimeras optogenetically coordinated regulation of Survivin to control the fate of cancer cells
Authors: Deng Changping , Li Shihui , Liu Yuping , Bao Wen , Xu Chengnan , Zheng Wenyun , Wang Meiyan , Ma Xingyuan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrecise regulation of partial critical proteins in cancer cells, such as anti‐apoptotic proteins, is one of the crucial strategies for treating cancer and discovering related molecular mechanisms. Still, it is also challenging in actual research and practice. The widely used CRISPR/Cas9‐based gene editing technology and proteolysis‐targeting chimeras (PROTACs) have played an essential role in regulating gene expression and protein function in cells. However, the accuracy and controllability of their targeting remain necessary.MethodsConstruction of UMUC‐3‐EGFP stable transgenic cell lines using the Sleeping Beauty system, Flow cytometry, quantitative real‐time PCR, western blot, fluorescence microplate reader and fluorescence inverted microscope analysis of EGFP intensity. Characterization of Survivin inhibition was done by using Annexin V‐FITC/PI apoptosis, calcein/PI/DAPI cell viability/cytotoxicity assay, cloning formation assay and scratch assay. The cell‐derived xenograft (CDX) model was constructed to assess the in vivo effects of reducing Survivin expression.ResultsHerein, we established a synergistic control platform that coordinated photoactivatable split‐Cas9 targeted gene editing and light‐induced protein degradation, on which theSurvivingene in the nucleus was controllably edited by blue light irradiation (named paCas9‐Survivin) and simultaneously the Survivin protein in the cytoplasm was degraded precisely by a nanobody‐mediated target (named paProtacL‐Survivin). Meanwhile, in vitro experiments demonstrated that reducing Survivin expression could effectively promote apoptosis and decrease the proliferation and migration of bladder cancerous cells. Furthermore, the CDX model was constructed using UMUC‐3 cell lines, results from animal studies indicated that both the paCas9‐Survivin system and paProtacL‐Survivin significantly inhibited tumour growth, with higher inhibition rates when combined.ConclusionsIn short, the coordinated regulatory strategies and combinable technology platforms offer clear advantages in controllability and targeting, as well as an excellent reference value and universal applicability in controlling the fate of cancer cells through multi‐level regulation of key intracellular factors.
Estimates of diagnosed dementia prevalence and incidence among diverse beneficiaries in traditional Medicare and Medicare Advantage
Authors: Haye Sidra , Thunell Johanna , Joyce Geoffrey , Ferido Patricia , Tysinger Bryan , Jacobson Mireille , Zissimopoulos Julie 
Published: August 2023

AbstractApproximately half of Medicare beneficiaries are enrolled in Medicare Advantage (MA), a private plan alternative to traditional Medicare (TM). Yet little is known about diagnosed dementia rates among MA enrollees, limiting population estimates. All (100%) claims of Medicare beneficiaries using encounter data for MA and claims for TM for the years 2015 to 2018 were used to quantify diagnosed dementia prevalence and incidence rates in MA, compare rates to TM, and provide estimates for the entire Medicare population and for different racial/ethnic populations. In 2017, dementia incidence and prevalence among MA beneficiaries were 2.54% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.53 to 2.55) and 7.04% (95% CI: 7.03 to 7.06). Comparison to TM adjusted for sociodemographic and health differences among beneficiaries in MA and TM; the prevalence of diagnosed dementia among beneficiaries in MA was lower (7.1%; 95% CI: 7.12 to 7.13) than in TM (8.7%; 95% CI: 8.71 to 8.72). The diagnosed dementia incidence rate was also lower in MA (2.50%; 95% CI: 2.50 to 2.50) compared to TM (2.99%; 95% CI: 2.99 to 2.99). There were lower rates in MA compared to TM for men and women and White, Black, Hispanic, Asian, American Indian/Alaska Native persons. Diagnosed dementia prevalence and incidence for the entire Medicare population was 7.9% (95% CI: 7.91 to 7.93) and 2.8% (95% CI: 2.77 to 2.78). Lower diagnosed dementia rates in MA compared to TM may exacerbate racial/ethnic disparities in diagnosed dementia. Rates tracked over time will provide understanding of the impact on dementia diagnosis of 2020 MA risk adjustment for dementia.
Extensive introgression among strongylocentrotid sea urchins revealed by phylogenomics
Authors: Glasenapp Matthew R. , Pogson Grant H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGametic isolation is thought to play an important role in the evolution of reproductive isolation in broadcast‐spawning marine invertebrates. However, it is unclear whether gametic isolation commonly evolves early in the speciation process or only accumulates after other reproductive barriers are already in place. It is also unknown whether gametic isolation is an effective barrier to introgression following speciation. Here, we used whole‐genome sequencing data and multiple complementary phylogenomic approaches to test whether the well‐documented gametic incompatibilities among the strongylocentrotid sea urchins have limited introgression. We quantified phylogenetic discordance, inferred reticulate phylogenetic networks, and applied the Δ statistic using gene tree topologies reconstructed from multiple sequence alignments of protein‐coding single‐copy orthologs. In addition, we conducted ABBA–BABA tests on genome‐wide single nucleotide variants and reconstructed a phylogeny of mitochondrial genomes. Our results revealed strong mito‐nuclear discordance and considerable nonrandom gene tree discordance that cannot be explained by incomplete lineage sorting alone. Eight of the nine species examined demonstrated a history of introgression with at least one other species or ancestral lineage, indicating that introgression was common during the diversification of the strongylocentrotid urchins. There was strong support for introgression between four extant species pairs (Strongylocentrotus pallidus ⇔ S. droebachiensis, S. intermedius ⇔ S. pallidus, S. purpuratus ⇔ S. fragilis, and Mesocentrotus franciscanus ⇔ Pseudocentrotus depressus) and additional evidence for introgression on internal branches of the phylogeny. Our results suggest that the existing gametic incompatibilities among the strongylocentrotid urchin species have not been a complete barrier to hybridization and introgression following speciation. Their continued divergence in the face of widespread introgression indicates that other reproductive isolating barriers likely exist and may have been more critical in establishing reproductive isolation early in speciation.
The existence and strength of higher order interactions is sensitive to environmental context
Authors: Fox Jeremy W. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOne strategy for understanding the dynamics of any complex system, such as a community of competing species, is to study the dynamics of parts of the system in isolation. Ecological communities can be decomposed into single species, and pairs of interacting species. This reductionist strategy assumes that whole‐community dynamics are predictable and explainable from knowledge of the dynamics of single species and pairs of species. This assumption will be violated if higher order interactions (HOIs) are strong. Theory predicts that HOIs should be common. But it is difficult to detect HOIs, and to infer their long‐term consequences for species coexistence, solely from short‐term data. I conducted a protist microcosm experiment to test for HOIs among competing bacterivorous ciliates, and test the sensitivity of HOIs to environmental context. I grew three competing ciliate species in all possible combinations at each of two resource enrichment levels, and used the population dynamic data from the one‐ and two‐species treatments to parameterize a competition model at each enrichment level. I then compared the predictions of the parameterized model to the dynamics of the whole community (three‐species treatment). I found that the existence, and thus strength, of HOIs was environment dependent. I found a strong HOI at low enrichment, which enabled the persistence of a species that would otherwise have been competitively excluded. At high enrichment, three‐species dynamics could be predicted from a parameterized model of one‐ and two‐species dynamics, provided that the model accounted for nonlinear intraspecific density dependence. The results provide one of the first rigorous demonstrations of the long‐term consequences of HOIs for species coexistence, and demonstrate the context dependence of HOIs. HOIs create difficult challenges for predicting and explaining species coexistence in nature.
Danish nearshore wind energy policy: Exploring actors, ideas, discursive processes and institutions via discursive institutionalism
Authors: Dyrhauge Helene , Fairbrass Jenny 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article explores Danish renewable energy policy and policymaking, focusing on the development of nearshore wind energy and the role played by various actors, their competing ideas, the discursive processes in which they participate, and the institutional settings where exchanges occur. The research employs a case study design, concentrating on the Vesterhav Syd nearshore windfarm project. Drawing on semi‐structured interviews, the paper exploits Discursive Institutionalism and one of its recent refinements, labelled Ideational Power that highlights power over, through and in ideas. The data gathered provides compelling evidence of the ways in which actors struggle for dominance, each seeking to persuade others of their preferred policy problem definition and solutions: a process that oscillates between highly technical coordinative discourses among government agencies and business organisations and more politicised communicative discourses among a wider set of actors that includes community groups. Significantly, this case reveals the power of various policy stakeholders in Danish energy policy, suggesting that once decisions are taken at the national level of governance to construct a windfarm, only limited influence can be exerted by local groups on the outcomes. Our findings raise wider questions about such processes beyond the Danish case.