bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Absorbed dose coefficients for adult thyroid cancer patients undergoing radioiodine therapy
Authors: Kwon Tae-Eun , Pasqual Elisa , Kitahara Cari M , Lee Choonsik 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Use of radioactive iodine (RAI) for thyroid cancer patients is accompanied by elevated risks of radiation-induced adverse effects due to significant radiation exposure of normal tissues or organs other than the thyroid. The health risk estimation for thyroid cancer patients should thus be preceded by estimating normal tissue doses. Although organ dose estimation for a large cohort often relies on absorbed dose coefficients (i.e. absorbed dose per unit activity administered, mGy MBq−1) based on population models, no data are available for thyroid cancer patients. In the current study, we calculated absorbed dose coefficients specific for adult thyroid cancer patients undergoing RAI treatment after recombinant human TSH (rhTSH) administration or thyroid hormone withdrawal (THW). We first adjusted the transfer rates in the biokinetic model previously developed for THW patients for use in rhTSH patients. We then implemented the biokinetic models for thyroid cancer patients coupled with S values from the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) reference voxel phantoms to calculate absorbed dose coefficients. The biokinetic model for rhTSH patients predicted the extrathyroidal iodine decreasing noticeably faster than in the model for THW patients (calculated half-times of 12 and 15 h for rhTSH administration and THW, respectively). All dose coefficients for rhTSH patients were lower than those for THW patients with the ratio (rhTSH administration/THW) ranging from 0.60 to 0.95 (mean = 0.67). The ratio of the absorbed dose coefficients in the current study to the ICRP dose coefficients, which were derived from models for normal subjects, varied widely from 0.21 to 7.19, stressing the importance of using the dose coefficients for thyroid cancer patients. The results of this study will provide medical physicists and dosimetrists with scientific evidence to protect patients from excess exposure or to assess radiation-induced health risks caused by RAI treatment.
Time-of-flight anemometry using a displacement plate-beamsplitter
Authors: Bollt Scott A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We propose the use of a second surface mirror as a displacement plate-beamsplitter to provide significant simplification and cost reduction of time-of-flight anemometry (ToFA), without sacrificing precision and accuracy. These benefits are most pronounced for long-range applications. Our method’s principle benefits are due to the few and simple components it requires as well as low sensitivity to both temperature effects and light source incoherence. We found that precise and accurate results are possible using a common consumer mirror as the main optical element and an inexpensive diode laser as the light source, which could broaden access to laser anemometry and make many industry applications economically feasible. The nature of the design also permits an increase in range for a given laser power since the method can utilize the entire optical area of the focusing lens/mirror independent of other design considerations and the cost of a flat second-surface mirror is usually negligible. To characterize the performance of this method, we develop a Cramer–Rao bound (CRB) for a general class of ToFA’s with multiple Gaussian beams under signal-independent Gaussian white noise. For a given measurement volume, the lowest velocity uncertainty is achieved by creating a standard two-sheet geometry: power-matching the first two beams by adjusting the beamsplitter and blocking the rest of the beams is optimal. However, keeping the higher order beams permits determination of flow direction. Conditions to achieve beam power-matching are given. An anemometer is built using a diode laser with 12 mw 405 nm beam using a total of just three transmitting optical components. Our setup has an accuracy of 99.1%. The worst-case precision of 96.7% nearly achieves the CRB, although optimizing the setup more can lower the bound, and therefore allow increase in the performance by an order of magnitude or more.
Joint ergodicity of piecewise monotone interval maps
Authors: Bergelson Vitaly , Son Younghwan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
For

i
=
0
,
1
,
2
,
…
,
k

, let µ

i
be a Borel probability measure on

[
0
,
1
]

which is equivalent to the Lebesgue measure λ and let

T
i

:
[
0
,
1
]
→
[
0
,
1
]

be µ

i
-preserving ergodic transformations. We say that transformations

T
0

,

T
1

,
…
,

T
k

are uniformly jointly ergodic with respect to

(
λ
;

μ
0

,

μ
1

,
…
,

μ
k

)

if for any

f
0

,

f
1

,
…
,

f
k

∈

L

∞

,

lim

N
−
M
→
∞

1

N
−
M

∑

n
=
M

N
−
1

f
0

(

T
0

n

x
)
⋅

f
1

(

T
1

n

x
)
⋯

f
k

(

T
k

n

x
)
=

∏

i
=
0

k

∫

f
i

d

μ
i

in

L
2

(
λ
)
.

We establish convenient criteria for uniform joint ergodicity and obtain numerous applications, most of which deal with interval maps. Here is a description of one such application. Let T

G
denote the Gauss map,

T
G

(
x
)
=

1
x

(

m
o
d

1
)

, and, for β > 1, let T

β
denote the β-transformation defined by

T

β

x
=
β
x
(

m
o
d

1
)

. Let T
0 be an ergodic interval exchange transformation. Let

β
1

,
…
,

β
k

be distinct real numbers with

β
i

>
1

and assume that

log

β
i

≠

π
2

6
log
2

for all

i
=
1
,
2
,
…
,
k

. Then for any

f

0

,

f
1

,

f

2

,
…
,

f

k
+
1

∈

L

∞

(
λ
)

,

lim

N
−
M
→
∞

1

N
−
M

∑

n
=
M

N
−
1

f

0

(

T
0

n

x
)
⋅

f

1

(

T

β
1

n

x
)
⋯

f

k

(

T

β
k

n

x
)
⋅

f

k
+
1

(

T
G

n

x
)

=
∫

f

0

d
λ
⋅

∏

i
=
1

k

∫

f

i

d

μ

β
i

⋅
∫

f

k
+
1

d

μ
G

in

L

2

(
λ
)
.

We also study the phenomenon of joint mixing. Among other things we establish joint mixing for skew tent maps and for restrictions of finite Blaschke products to the unit circle.
Spatial–temporal features-based EEG emotion recognition using graph convolution network and long short-term memory
Authors: Zheng Fa , Hu Bin , Zheng Xiangwei , Zhang Yuang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objective. Emotion recognition on the basis of electroencephalography (EEG) signals has received a significant amount of attention in the areas of cognitive science and human–computer interaction (HCI). However, most existing studies either focus on one-dimensional EEG data, ignoring the relationship between channels, or only extract time–frequency features while not involving spatial features. Approach. We develop spatial–temporal features-based EEG emotion recognition using a graph convolution network (GCN) and long short-term memory (LSTM), named ERGL. First, the one-dimensional EEG vector is converted into a two-dimensional mesh matrix, so that the matrix configuration corresponds to the distribution of brain regions at EEG electrode locations, thus to represent the spatial correlation between multiple adjacent channels in a better way. Second, the GCN and LSTM are employed together to extract spatial–temporal features; the GCN is used to extract spatial features, while LSTM units are applied to extract temporal features. Finally, a softmax layer is applied to emotion classification. Main results. Extensive experiments are conducted on the A Dataset for Emotion Analysis using Physiological Signals (DEAP) and the SJTU Emotion EEG Dataset (SEED). The classification results of accuracy, precision, and F-score for valence and arousal dimensions on DEAP achieved 90.67% and 90.33%, 92.38% and 91.72%, and 91.34% and 90.86%, respectively. The accuracy, precision, and F-score of positive, neutral, and negative classifications reached 94.92%, 95.34%, and 94.17%, respectively, on the SEED dataset. Significance. The above results demonstrate that the proposed ERGL method is encouraging in comparison to state-of-the-art recognition research.
Generation of tunable terahertz radiation by a laser pulse propagating in a magnetized plasma channel
Authors: Singh Saumya , Mishra Dinkar , Kumar Bhupesh , Jha Pallavi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A study of the generation of terahertz (THz) radiation by propagation of a circularly polarized laser pulse in a parabolic plasma channel is presented. The laser–plasma system is embedded in a uniform axial magnetic field. Transverse electric and magnetic wakefields are evaluated using a perturbation scheme and quasi-static approximation. Nonlinear plasma electron velocities arise along the longitudinal and transverse directions as a result of interaction with the laser pulse. This results in the generation of an electromagnetic wave oscillating at THz frequency. The frequency of the obtained THz radiation can be controlled using the plasma channel parameters and can be tuned by varying the transverse position of observation. The THz radiation amplitude is enhanced in the presence of the parabolic channel compared to the homogeneous plasma configuration. The possibility of obtaining a tunable range of THz frequencies is presented. The analytical results have been validated using three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations.
A reconsideration of photoneutron production through a 5 MeV electron LINAC using MCNP and FLUKA
Authors: Rafiei Mustafa Mohammad , Parsaei Sara , Tavakoli-Anbaran Hossein 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In the present study, photoneutron production using a 5 MeV
electron linear accelerator (LINAC) was investigated based on new
photoneutron cross-sections (IAEA/PD-2019.2) from the International
Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). A detailed reconsideration of a past
study has been done in order to make a photoneutron source based on
a heavy water target. In this regard, new cross-sections of
deuterium and beryllium were added to the library of the MCNP6.1
Monte Carlo code for the simulation of photoneutron production. In
addition, the FLUKA4-3.0 Monte Carlo code was employed for
comparison and data validation. Moreover, the obtained results from
those two codes (MCNP and FLUKA) were compared and discussed with
the theory and the previous study. Finally, it is concluded that the
simulation of photoneutron production through an electron LINAC can
have relatively different results based on the photoneutron
cross-sections and even on the Monte Carlo code used. Therefore, a
special attention should be paid to the difference between
photoneutron cross-sections as well as the difference in Monte Carlo
codes to maintain reliability.
Pacific lamprey inspired climbing
Authors: Van Stratum Brian , Shoele Kourosh , Clark Jonathan E 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Snakes and their bio-inspired robot counterparts have demonstrated locomotion on a wide range of terrains. However, dynamic vertical climbing is one locomotion strategy that has received little attention in the existing snake robotics literature. We demonstrate a new scansorial gait and robot inspired by the locomotion of the Pacific lamprey. This new gait allows a robot to steer while climbing on flat, near-vertical surfaces. A reduced-order model is developed and used to explore the relationship between body actuation and the vertical and lateral motions of the robot. Trident, the new wall climbing lamprey-inspired robot, demonstrates dynamic climbing on a flat near vertical carpeted wall with a peak net vertical stride displacement of 4.1 cm per step. Actuating at 1.3 Hz, Trident attains a vertical climbing speed of 4.8 cm s−1 (0.09 Bl s−1) at specific resistance of 8.3. Trident can also traverse laterally at 9 cm s−1 (0.17 Bl s−1). Moreover, Trident is able to make 14% longer strides than the Pacific lamprey when climbing vertically. The computational and experimental results demonstrate that a lamprey-inspired climbing gait coupled with appropriate attachment is a useful climbing strategy for snake robots climbing near vertical surfaces with limited push points.
How will climate change affect the spatial coherence of streamflow and groundwater droughts in Great Britain?
Authors: Tanguy Maliko , Chevuturi Amulya , Marchant Ben P , Mackay Jonathan D , Parry Simon , Hannaford Jamie 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
How climate change will affect the spatial coherence of droughts is a key question that water managers must answer in order to adopt strategies to mitigate impacts on water resources. Water transfers from regions with excess to those in deficit are fundamental to such strategies, but only possible if both regions are not simultaneously under drought conditions—these relationships could change in a warming world. Here, we use future simulations (under RCP8.5) of streamflow (186 catchments) and groundwater level (41 boreholes) from the Enhanced Future Flows and Groundwater (eFLaG) dataset to analyse the projected change in the spatial coherence of hydrological droughts at a national scale, with Great Britain as an example. Joint and conditional probabilities of two regions being in drought simultaneously are used to characterise the spatial coherence. The results are sensitive to various uncertainties, including the way drought is defined. However, some key findings emerge. In particular, for droughts defined based on current conditions, our results show that the spatial coherence of streamflow droughts for the ‘far future’ (2050–2089) is expected to increase during the summer everywhere in the country. During the winter, however, spatial coherence may only increase in the South-East, where the sharpest rise in winter droughts is likely to occur. The coherence between groundwater and streamflow droughts shows a more mixed picture, dependant on season and region. One important observation is that, in the South-East during the summer, the proportion of streamflow droughts that coincide with groundwater droughts is expected to decrease. These results provide a valuable insight for water managers to help inform their long-term strategy to overcome future impacts of droughts, including the feasibility of inter-region water transfers and conjunctive use (surface and groundwater) schemes. This flexible methodology has the potential to be applied in other parts of the world to help shape strategic regional and national investments to increase resilience to droughts.
Biopesticide development & registration: challenges & strategies
Authors: Soetopo Deciyanto , Alouw Jelfina C. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
United Nations Organization (UNO) has an agenda for 2030 for Sustainable Agriculture Development as a part of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It gives more attention to food security, regarding not only food availability but also food healthy and a friendly environment. A large amount of pesticide usage in the world increased by 36% or 4.2 million tons in the last two decades 2000-2019. Unfortunately, biopesticides as a part of pesticides that contribute to Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and organic farming share only 1-5% of pesticides on the global market, while it is believed to have a good prospect to be used widely in the future. Due to the hazardous and harmful pesticides, the world countries apply regulations and registration to minimize the bad effect of pesticide use but these are varied in many countries. The difference between synthetic chemical pesticides and the biopesticide mode of action should be considered to have fair regulations. On the global market, there are 1400 biopesticides products. Innovation on biopesticides due to control pests as well as facing environmental and health issues is quite developed, however, it has some constraints in certain aspects to increase the use to support sustainable agriculture development, such as variability in knowledge, different regulations in any country, and lack of distribution at the farmer level. To encourage the wide use of biopesticides can be recommended some strategies for the national government (1) cut off the use of chemical pesticides, (2) develop some research for the near future, such as redesigning cropping systems, enhancing prophylaxis, (3) support the development of public policies and private initiatives for the transition toward pesticide-free agri-food systems, (4) reduce some requirements in biopesticide registration such as toxicological tests, environmental tests, residual tests, and acute oral and dermal tests.
Exotic whiteflies and Conservation Biological Control in Coconut System
Authors: Josephrajkumar A , Anes K M , Babu Merin , Pratibha P S , Sajan Jilu V , Hegde Vinayaka 
Published: May 2023

AbstractExotic pests upset biotic balance, threaten biodiversity and distort the livelihood security of the nation. In coconut, five exotic whitefliesviz., spiralling whitefly,Aleurodicus dispersusRussell, rugose spiralling whitefly,Aleurodicus rugioperculatusMartin, Bondar’s nesting whitefly,Paraleyrodes bondariPeracchi, non-native nesting whitefly,Paraleyrodes mineiIaccarino and palm whitefly,Aleurotrachelus atratusHempel were reported from India. Morphological and molecular identification of these invasive whiteflies were established by puparium and (or) adult taxonomy and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene, respectively. Co-existence of nesting whiteflies with other exotic whiteflies regulated population explosion and warranted correct diagnosis of whiteflies in coconut system. Weather parametersviz., precipitation, temperature and humidity play an important role in the gradient outbreak of exotic whiteflies. The aphelinid parasitoids (Encarsia guadeloupaeViggiani,Encarsia dispersaPolaszek), predators (Apertochrysasp.,Cybocephalussp. coccinellidsviz., Jauravia pallidulaMotschulsky,Serangium parcesetosumSicard,Cheilomenes sexmaculata(Fabricius) and entomopathogenic fungusAschersoniasp. reduced the incursion potential by exotic whiteflies. A sooty mould scavenger beetle,Leiochrinus nilgirianusKaszab (Tenebrionidae: Coleoptera) that devours sooty mould encrusted on palm leaflets during monsoon phase was reported for the first time from Kerala, India. Pesticide holiday approach, conservation biological control using the aphelinid parasitoids, predators and entomopathogenic fungus as well as in situ habitat conservation ofL. nilgirianusthrough crop-habitat diversification strategy subdued the invasive potential of exotic whiteflies in coconut system by 60%-80% gaining economic benefit to the tune of 17.59 billion rupees. Strict quarantine and systematic surveillance are the need of the hour to combat the biosecurity risks entering the country.
A Conceptual Framework for a Modern Science of Integrated Pest Management for Pests and Diseases of Coconut
Authors: Caoili Barbara L. , Lee Catherine E. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The integrated pest management (IPM) approach was introduced to alleviate the negative effects of synthetic pesticide use in any agroecosystem. Initially, IPM is proposed as a multidisciplinary environmentally-sensitive approach that utilizes biological, cultural, genetics, mechanical, physical, and other artificial techniques to manage the pest population. The IPM concept has evolved with various reported history as well as definitions and has been adopted to solve pest problems in different agroecosystems including coconut. This paper revisits the different approaches of IPM in coconut pests as well as the conceptual framework for IPM introduced by Stenberg (2017) and the new integrated pest management paradigm for modern age conceptualized by Dara (2019) to come up with a holistic IPM framework for the efficient control of pests and diseases of coconut for adoption of coconut-producing countries in the region.
The influence of a DC-AC inverter used in a stand-alone vending machine equipped with photovoltaic panels
Authors: Culcea M , Darie E , Gheorghe S , Pecsi R , Savaniu M I 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we present an experimental model of a vending machine equipped with a stand-alone photovoltaic system and a DC-AC inverter used as the power supply for the refrigerator’s compressor. The harmonics generated by the inverter will be monitored using a power analyser and processed with a dedicated software. The acquired data is compared to the data obtained from data acquisition board specially built for the experimental model of the vending machine.
Enhancing Market Readiness for nZEB Implementation
Authors: Aelenei L , Croitoru C , Korczak K , Petran H , O'Rourke-Potocki H , Tzanev D , Sandu M , Mandic D , Gonçalves H , Duarte P , Trindade P , Loureiro D 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Despite transposing the 2010/31/EU Directive’s requirements creates legal responsibilities at the national level, the nearly Zero energy building (nZEB) principle does not appear to be widely adopted just yet in many nations. Previous studies have shown that the most significant barriers include determining the cost-effective ideal integration of the technologies appropriate for nZEB and the skills constraints faced by the construction industry. In order to meet the challenge of an efficient nZEB implementation, existing certification courses and training programs are still insufficient and inadequate, and hiring experienced specialists for building retrofit and new construction is not common practice. The traditionally conservative real estate industry is nevertheless hesitant to adopt the new building standards and practices, notably in the residential sector, despite a significant movement towards nZEB and extensive energy renovation. In this specific situation, this paper provides a preliminary analysis of the European project nZEB Ready Enhancing Market Readiness for nZEB Implementation, which aims to address the issue of the effective implementation of the nZEB and make use of new possibilities to act at the market level in order to boost the market’s readiness for a successful implementation of the nZEB and to encourage demand for energy-related skills among construction workers and specialists in the countries involved and beyond.
Towards improving passengers safety and comfort based on turbulence tests in aerodynamic tunnel
Authors: Enciu D , Ursu I 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
First, the article outlines the elements of an ongoing research project, aiming to demonstrate that the basic ICAO standard EDR (Eddy Dissipation Rate) index of atmospheric turbulence intensity, defined as the cubic root of the turbulence energy per unit time and mass, can be measured and calculated in Wind Tunnel (WT) according to the basic Kolmogorov concept. This involves showing that EDR index calculated in WT, taking a sufficient number of velocity measuring points, can be an objective measure of turbulence intensity, independent of the body immersed in the fluid. Secondly, it is shown that these measurements are accompanied by intermediate active vibration control tests. For this purpose, a Turbulence Generator was built and installed in the WT and an intelligent wing model with implemented LQG active control was introduced in the WT. These two procedures, complementary in substance, aim to demonstrate the consistency of the flight approach based on the objectivity of this ICAO standard EDR index and the vibration reduction methodology in a turbulent atmospheric environment.
The applicability of decentralized ventilation equipment in radon mitigation from existing homes
Authors: Mareș I C , Catalina T 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This article exposes the results of radon mitigation in existing homes using decentralized ventilation equipment with heat recovery. The experimental measurement has been conducted in a large study about radon mitigation from existing homes in Romania. Various methods were treated separately to clearly expose the advantages and disadvantages for each method applied. This article focusses on the use of decentralized mechanical ventilation equipment with heat recovery. The analyzed dwelling is located in Cluj County, a radon prone area located in the west part of Romania. The preliminary measurements shown a high radon level inside the analyzed house. To prevent the high radon accumulation in the analyzed dwelling, a decentralized ventilation equipment was installed. The mean radon level inside the house decreases from 510 Bq/m3 (value recorded one year before mitigation), to approximately 361 Bq/m3 after the mitigation methods were applied, showing an reduction efficiency of approximately 30%.