bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping of traditional healthcare providers and their healing approaches in a tribal community of district Sirohi, Rajasthan
Authors: Dwivedi Rakhi , Goyal Prachi , Yadav Suraj S. , Dwivedi Pradeep , Singh Pratibha , Singh Kuldeep 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Traditional applications of medicinal plants in healthcare practices provide indication to new therapeutic concepts; hence, their relevance is highly recognized. The objective of the study was to map the traditional healers from the aspirational district and scientific documentation of their healing practices to treat various diseases.

Method:
This was community-based study in tribal subpopulation zone of district Sirohi. The data was collected through field survey and interviews of tribal healers by using semi-structured questionnaire.

Result:
We identified 1015 tribal healers (68% male and 32% female), and all belong to Bhil, Meena, and Garasia communities of district Sirohi. The mean age was 60.45 ± 16.56 years, 82.6% healers were uneducated, and 12.6% had primary education, while 1.2% were graduates. Tribal healers act as primary point of care for tribal community and practiced various treatment modalities including herbal healing (32.7%), diviners (28.9%), child birth attendant (24.7%), and bone setters (13.7%). We recorded 88 herbal healing practices from tribal communities of district Sirohi and scientifically documented. The common diseases treated by tribal healers included wound healing, skin infection, fever, arthritis, pain, diarrhea, cough, and cold. The Fabaceae family was credited with highest number (17%) of plants used by herbal healers. It was also noted that some of the plants used for medicinal purpose are endangered and overexhausted.

Conclusion:
Ethnopharmacological data is the foundation for further validation and value addition of herbal healthcare practices. The mapping of indigenous knowledge holders and scientific documentation of their knowledge might be a crucial step for providing clue regarding new therapeutic molecules.
Morphological changes in white blood cells in systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) with and without sepsis: An observational study
Authors: Sharma Siddharth , Pratima Kumari , Ambedkar Shivlok Narayan , Kumar Rajesh , Kundan Meghraj 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
This is an observational study which aims to research morphological changes of white blood cells in patients with Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) with and without sepsis and evaluate morphological changes in white blood cells as predictors of sepsis.

Methods:
Patients aged 18 years or more with SIRS with sepsis and SIRS without sepsis were included and those with haematological disorders or pregnant patients were excluded. A total of 52 patients with SIRS with sepsis and 32 patients of SIRS without sepsis were included. Peripheral blood smear was prepared from the venous blood sample drawn. The presence of toxic granules, cytoplasmic vacuoles, and Dohle bodies in both cases of SIRS with sepsis without sepsis were assessed and it was compared with culture-positive sepsis and shock.

Results:
The difference in the presence of toxic granules (55.8% vs. 12.5%; p <0.001), cytoplasmic vacuoles (30.8% vs. 6.3%; p -0.012), and Dohle bodies (17.3% vs. 0%; p = 0.012) was significantly higher in the SIRS with sepsis group, compared to the SIRS without sepsis group. In the subgroup analysis of patients in the sepsis group, it was observed that patients with positive blood culture (9%) had a significantly higher proportion of toxic granules (100% vs. 51.1%; p=0.059), cytoplasmic vacuoles (40% vs. 29.8%; p=0.637) and Dohle bodies (40% vs. 14.9%; p=0.202). However, these differences were not statistically significant.

Conclusion:
Toxic granules and cytoplasmic vacuoles in the neutrophils of patients with SIRS with sepsis were found more frequently, compared to patients of SIRS without sepsis. Dohle bodies were found only in patients with sepsis and not in those with SIRS without sepsis.
Allergic rhinitis guidelines knowledge, attitudes, and practices among primary health care physicians: A national multicentre cross-sectional study
Authors: Almousa Hisham , Alsaad Saad M. , Ismail Dawood , Mahjoub Saleh , Bin Obaid Sultan , Alsaleh Saad 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is considered one of the most common reasons for patients visiting primary health care clinics. Physicians’ adherence to management guidelines for AR results in better patient outcomes. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of primary health care practitioners (PHCPs) towards allergic rhinitis guidelines in Saudi Arabia.

Methods:
This observational cross-sectional study conducted from August 2021 to November 2021 included 282 primary care physicians across all regions of Saudi Arabia. We used a two-part, validated, self-administered Perception Attitude and Practice of Primary Care Practitioners questionnaire. The first part was demographics, and the second part comprised three domains (perception, attitude, and practice) including 48 items. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 21 was used to analyze the data.

Results:
Most of the 282 physicians were Saudis (79%). Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma (ARIA) guidelines were recognized by 71% of the physicians. Second-generation oral antihistamines were considered the safest drug by the majority (82%), followed by intranasal corticosteroids (75.2%). Most physicians diagnosed AR based on clinical history (95%), while (43%) utilized allergy testing. Intranasal corticosteroids were the most preferred treatment option (70%) followed by second-generation and first-generation oral antihistamines (66% and 55%, respectively).

Conclusion:
Our study demonstrates the importance of education and awareness for PHCPs managing AR. ARIA guidelines should be implemented as a standard of care for AR, as PHCPs are the first ones to encounter patients with AR, to improve outcomes and avoid undertreatment and complications.
Long-term health and economic benefits of switching to tenofovir alafenamide versus continuing on entecavir in chronic hepatitis B patients with low-level viremia in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Sanai Faisal M. , Aljawad Mohammed , Alghamdi Abdullah Saeed , Yehoshua Alon , Khathlan Abdullah , Alghamdi Mohammed , Kozma Sam , Smith Nathaniel , El-Moustaid Fadoua , Jeyakumar Sushanth , Kachru Nandita 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background:
Despite the success of current treatments, many chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients still live with low-level viremia [LLV] resulting in liver disease progression. This study evaluated the long-term health and economic impact of switching to tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) from entecavir (ETV) in Saudi Arabia (SA) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) LLV patients.

Methods:
A hybrid decision tree Markov state-transition model was developed to simulate a cohort of patients with CHB LLV treated with ETV and switched to TAF over a lifetime horizon in SA. While on treatment, patients either achieved complete virologic response (CVR) or maintained LLV. CVR patients experienced slower progression to advanced liver disease stages as compared to LLV patients. Demographic data, transition probabilities, treatment efficacy, health state costs, and utilities were sourced from published literature. Treatment costs were sourced from publicly available databases.

Results:
Base case analysis found that over a lifetime horizon, switching to TAF versus remaining on ETV increased the proportion of patients achieving CVR (76% versus 14%, respectively). Switching to TAF versus remaining on ETV resulted in a reduction in cases of compensated cirrhosis (-52%), decompensated cirrhosis (-5%), hepatocellular carcinoma (-22%), liver transplants (-12%), and a 37% reduction in liver-related deaths. Switching to TAF was cost-effective with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $57,222, assuming a willingness-to-pay threshold of three times gross national income per capita [$65,790/QALY].

Conclusions:
This model found that switching to TAF versus remaining on ETV in SA CHB LLV patients substantially reduced long-term CHB-related morbidity and mortality and was a cost-effective treatment strategy.
Adapting infection prevention and control assessment tools for use in low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Hinson Chandler Sasser , Wanyoro Anthony , Oburu Amos , Solomkin Joseph 
Published: July 2023

Background:
There are many existing infection prevention and control (IPC) tools developed and validated by large organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. These tools are generally created with little input from professionals working in low-income regions and are tested in high-income countries and/or high-level facilities in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Recent publications have highlighted both the disproportionate burden of surgical site infections (SSIs) in LMICs and the very limited data on surgical conditions and practices in these regions. There is a need and a desire for quality improvement in SSI/IPC/patient safety in low-level facilities in LMIC. Therefore, a logical starting point would be to adapt available tools for use in resource-limited facilities, with a strong focus on input and enthusiastic participation from local health-care workers and leadership. Our goal was to assess IPC capacity of facilities by analyzing health-care-associated infection (HAI) surveillance, hospital workforce and infrastructure, environmental cleaning, and surgical operative practices.

Methods:
We created an adapted survey using components from the WHO’s Guideline on Core Components for IPC and Essential Surgical Care Situational Analysis Tool that addressed IPC program support, HAI surveillance, surgical preparation practices, and infrastructural support. Purposive sampling was used to identify 23 health facilities across 7 counties in Kenya. We chose to use cesarean section as a bellwether procedure because it is a high-volume procedure in LMIC. Permission to conduct the survey was solicited from facility leadership prior to the beginning of the survey. Two surveyors visited each facility to complete the adapted assessment framework.

Results:
All facilities had an IPC program and 22 (95.6%) reported that their program was supported by facility leadership and a professional IPC team. However, only 10 (43.5%) facilities reported a specific IPC budget. Eight (34.8%) facilities had on-site and 8 (34.8%) had off-site microbiological laboratory. Twelve (52.2%) conducted HAI surveillance, and out of those that conducted HAI surveillance, 11 (91.7%) monitored specifically for SSIs. Most had adequate and reliable water (95.6%) and power (91.3%). Fifteen (65.2%) allowed bed-sharing and 6 (26.1%) placed beds in hallways or areas other than rooms. Over 75% of facilities did not follow the WHO-recommended preoperative practices on bathing, hair removal, and skin preparation.

Conclusions:
This survey was a time and resource-efficient way of collecting the data needed to understand the variables associated with surgery, SSI, and IPC in low-level facilities. Clear targets for surgical practice improvement were identified, and the workforce and infrastructure data will be used to design effective and sustainable solutions.
CERRAHİ PROFLAKSİDE ANTİBİYOTİK UYUM ORANININ MALİ ETKİSİNİN DİJİTAL İYİLEŞTİRMELERLE DÜZENLENMESİ
Authors: PURKULOĞLU Esengül , ÜN Arzu , GÜMÜŞ Perihan , KARADAYI Aynur , ÖZKAN Elife 
Published: July 2023

Cerrahi antibiyotik profilaksisi cerrahi enfeksiyonları önlemek amacıyla uygulanmaktadır. Seçilen antibiyotik sadece olası patojenleri kapsamalıdır ve doğru zamanda verilmelidir. Ulusal ve uluslararası cerrahi antibiyotik profilaksisi için kılavuzlar kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, cerrahi antibiyotik profilaksisi kılavuzlarına uyumu değerlendirmek ve profilaksi kurallarına uygun çalışılmasını ve maliyetin düşürülmesini sağlamaktır.
Çalışmada örnek olay incelemesi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Örneklem olarak Tire Devlet Hastanesi’nde 2020 yılı cerrahi profilaksi uyum oranları ile 2021 yılı (ilk 6 ay) cerrahi profilaksi uyum oranları karşılaştırılmıştır. Veriler, hastane bilgi yönetim sistemi üzerinden toplanmıştır. Cerrahi profilaksi uyum oranı göstergelerle takip edilmektedir. 2020 yılı için uyum oranının %80 ve üzerinde olması hedeflenmiştir. Fakat bu hedefe ulaşılamamıştır. 2021 yılında hedef değer daha ulaşılabilir olması, ulusal ve uluslararası cerrahi profilaksi uyum oranları araştırmaları sonucunda %70 ve üzeri olarak belirlenmiştir. Uyum oranını arttırmak için çeşitli çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmalar içerisinde dijital çalışmalar etkin olmuştur.
Sonuç olarak, 2020 yılında %62,28 olan cerrahi profilaksi uyum oranı 2021 yılında (ilk 6 ayda) %76,56’ya yükselmiştir. Ayrıca 2020 yılında yapılan maliyet analizi sonucunda cerrahi profilaksi amaçlı kullanılan antibiyotiklerin zarar oranı %122 iken, 2021 yılında cerrahi profilaksi uyum oranının arttırılması için yapılan dijital iyileştirmelerle %84’e düşmüştür. Yapılan dijital iyileştirmelerin etkin ve yeterli olduğu görülmüştür.
Prospect First – Dig Then! Investigations of Mining and Metallurgical Features in Kosovo
Authors: Sikorski Beate , Matthes Barbara , Körlin Gabriele , Gassmann Guntram 
Published: July 2023

Inspired by the Römisch-Germanische Kommission (RGK) in Frankfurt and the Archaeological Institute of Kosovo, the first mining archaeological/archaeometallurgical surveys were conducted in Kosovo in 2009-2011 by the Deutsches Bergbau-Museum Bochum (DBM) / German Mining Museum Bochum. We conducted the surveys mainly in cooperation with the Archaeological Institute of Kosovo. After the approval of two project phases by the DFG in 2012, five field campaigns were carried out (2013-15, 2017/18). The mining archaeologically oriented excavations were also carried out based on extensive prospection work by magnetometer prospection, geoelectric and pedological drillings. Initially used in different areas – magnetometer prospection and “Pürckhauer” drillings in settlement areas and on smelting sites, geoelectric investigations in mining areas - it became more and more clear that the combination of the methods would be a promising approach and added value for the clarification of features, also and especially in mining areas. The specific combination of the methods makes it possible, particularly in the case of extensive fields of mining depressions such as those found in the Shashkoc/Janjevo area, to get ideas of their size and, above all, the shape of the shaft entrances, not just the depth, as initially planned. The shape of the mouth holes may be a very important indication of the age of the shafts, which in turn influences the planned excavations. Thus, unnecessary excavations can be avoided. Therefore, in the past two campaigns a whole series of mining depressions were investigated in this way. In order to evaluate and compare the measurement results, targeted excavations were then carried out in the upper areas of the shafts. Although there are restrictive conditions such as different soil types, magnetic and electric disturbances and similar factors that may impede the measurement results, the combination of methods has provided considerable benefit and created a systematic working basis, future investigation can build on.
THE USE OF CHLORHEXIDINE MOUTHWORKS CAN REDUCE THE ACCUMULATION OF DENTAL PLAK IN USERS OF FIXED ORTHODONTIC DEVICES
Authors: Syahrul Dwis , Walianto Surwandi , Suwongto Priscilla Sonia 
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Treatment of malocclusion with fixed devices is common for us to encounter everyday. In using this device there are parts that are glued to the teeth and cannot be disassembled by the patient himself. This allows food debris and plaque to adhere more easily to the teeth and the fixed appliance. Review: Dental plaque is a transparent thin layer that adheres tightly to the teeth, which contains bacteria and their products in the form of organic and inorganic materials, oral fluids, loose epithelial cells and blood cells. Plaque is influenced, among other things, by bacteria, buffers and salivary flow, the presence of fluoride and the frequency of carbohydrates consumed, crowding of teeth, rough surfaces, areas that are difficult to clean, position of teeth outside the area of occlusion, and multiplication of bacteria. Therefore, during the process of fixed orthodontic treatment, it is necessary to control plaque which is carried out mechanically or chemically. Mechanical plaque control can be done by brushing teeth and using dental floss, while chemical plaque control can be done by using mouthwash. The mouthwash that has proven to be the most effective of the other therapeutic plaque control agents is chlorhexidine because it is able to ionically adhere to teeth and oral mucosal surfaces in high concentrations for hours. Chlorhexidine 0.2% can affect the number of salivary bacterial colonies due to the phenol content contained therein. Chlorhexidine itself has a very strong binding ability in the oral cavity, which is its advantage compared to other ingredients. Conclusion: Gargling with chlorhexidine can reduce plaque accumulation and improve oral hygiene status in fixed orthodontic users
Tradisi Beppa Apang di Bulan Ramadhan
Authors: A Abdurrahman 
Published: July 2023

This study aims to reveal the tradition of beppa apang which is a tradition of the Bugis community conducted on nisf ramaḍān, in terms of the form of tradition, the Qur'anic values contained in it and connecting it with the matter of heresy, this research is a field research that reveals the results with qualitative descriptiveness, by observation, interviews and documentation in data collection methods, the result is a form of beppa apang tradition some are carried out in the form of festivals and some are classic, namely with the mabbaca process before being distributed And eating together, there are many values of Qur'anic values, namely the value of silaturahmi, the value of da'wah and the value of sennung-sennungeng (tafāul) and this tradition is not a heresy or this tradition is not a misguided even though it can be said to be heresy then it is a heresy of maḥmūdah.
Perspektif Tafsir Al-Mishbah tentang Membangun Kesadaran untuk Kembali pada Allah Swt
Authors: Muhammad Syahrul Mubarak  
Published: July 2023

This paper is a literature study that talks about the message of self-awareness to return to Allah Swt. The intended return is divided into two things, the first is returning in an active sense through repentance. Repentance also has three meanings, renewing faith, replacing ugliness with good and eliminating sins. Second, returning in a passive sense, namely when a person's life has been revoked (through death). The responsibility for the life of the world will certainly be passed by every human being and plenary happiness is to gain the pleasure of Divine which is proven when returning to Allah Swt a servant succeeds in obtaining and being placed in Allah's heaven.
Keywords: Return to Allah, Repentance, Heaven of Allah Swt.
Validity of Traditional Guidebooks for Character Education in Children Aged 4-6 Years
Authors: Restuina Corry , Yus Anita , Saragi Daulat 
Published: July 2023

Early age is the most important and fundamental initial period in the entire range of growth and development of human life. Children in early age from 4-6 years old which still want to know and explore whatever in around them in a game. They mustn’t study seriously such as reading text book, counting number, and memorizing something else. So, in this study aims to determine the validity of traditional play guidebooks as a character education strategy for children aged 4 6 years. The type of research used in this research is development with the ADDIE model. The data collection technique in this study validation. The result of the study show score of 3.50 for language validation which is in the very good category. Score 3.81 for design validation with every good category and score 3.58 for material validation with very guidebook can be used for learning
Early outcome analysis of Gastroschisis from a high-volume tertiary care institute in India: A prospective observational study
Authors: Gupta Rahul , Gurjar Bhairu Lal 
Published: July 2023

Background: Gastroschisis is one of the common congenital anterior abdominal wall defects with uncovered abdominal contents (usually intestines) protruding through it. Immediate reduction of the abdominal contents is crucial after birth because of the grave consequences of delayed management. The aim of our study was to evaluate the early outcomes of Gastroschisis at a tertiary care institute in India.
Methods: This prospective observational study was undertaken over a one-year duration extending from January to December 2021 at our pediatric tertiary care teaching institute.
Results: There were 30 male and 28 female patients, out of which 37 were preterm neonates. The mean birth weight was 2019±357g. Seven patients (12.07%) had major associated malformations. Fifty (86.21%) patients underwent primary skin flap closure. Staged reduction with silo was accomplished in five (8.62%) patients; three patients died during resuscitation before any therapeutic procedure could be undertaken. Among 55 (94.83%) patients with surgical procedures, only 26 (47.27%) could be salvaged with overall favorable (survival) outcomes in 44.83% of patients. Mortality was high (92.59%, 25/27) in the patients presenting with markedly edematous bowel with leathery peel. Seventeen (29.31%, 17/58) neonates died in the first 72 hours (postoperatively) due to complications of abdominal compartment syndrome, eight (13.79%) patients died due to postoperative sepsis with thrombocytopenia, and two (3.44%) had intestinal perforation. The duration of hospital stay in neonates who survived ranged from one to four weeks.
Conclusion: Overall survival rates in our study were 44.83% markedly in contrast to the series published in the recent literature. The outcome of preterm (premature) patients, associated intestinal atresia, presence of edematous bowel with leathery peel, patients requiring silo due to viscero-abdominal disproportion, necrotizing enterocolitis, and associated malformations, was dismal.
A noção de afetividade para professores da Educação Infantil
Authors: Silva Maria Eduarda Balbino da Silva , Oliveira Faustino Graciele 
Published: July 2023

Este trabalho relata uma pesquisa de campo qualitativa que teve por objetivo investigar a representação de afetividade na Educação Infantil, por parte de professoras. Para tanto, realizou-se uma entrevista semiestruturada que se constituiu com a participação de 11 professoras de uma instituição de ensino da Educação Infantil, de Palmeira dos Índios-AL. Respaldando-se teoricamente para a pesquisa, foram consultados os escritos de Freire (1997), Foucault (2006), Hall (2016) Carvalho (2019), entre outros, a fim de coadunar as ideias às perspectivas abordadas. A pesquisa conduziu-se pela inspiração na análise do discurso, de orientação foucaultiana, nas quais foram destacadas as invariabilidades, afastamentos e regularidades, presentes em narrativas das professoras. Tecemos também um diálogo com os Estudos culturais, observando como o conceito de afetividade está atravessado por relações culturais. Por meio da busca evidenciamos aspectos que podem dificultar o estabelecimento de vínculos afetivos, a começar dos saberes às concepções, como que tratamos em formação a afetividade e o que se espera do conceito para abordagem do desenvolvimento e aprendizagem em sala de aula. Assim, espera-se com este trabalho, contribuir para pesquisas em educação, nas quais atentamos para as práticas discursivas e, desse modo, problematizamos a formação dos vínculos afetivos e suas reverberações no âmbito educacional.