bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of left ventricular and left atrial volumetric function from native MR multislice 4D flow magnitude data
Authors: Reiter Clemens , Reiter Gert , Kräuter Corina , Scherr Daniel , Schmidt Albrecht , Fuchsjäger Michael , Reiter Ursula 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To assess the feasibility, precision, and accuracy of left ventricular (LV) and left atrial (LA) volumetric function evaluation from native magnetic resonance (MR) multislice 4D flow magnitude images.

Materials & Methods
In this prospective study, 60 subjects without signs or symptoms of heart failure underwent 3T native cardiac MR multislice 4D flow and bSSFP-cine realtime imaging. LV and LA volumetric function parameters were evaluated from 4D flow magnitude (4D flow-cine) and bSSFP-cine data using standard software to obtain end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), ejection-fraction (EF), stroke-volume (SV), LV muscle mass (LVM), LA maximum volume, LA minimum volume, and LA total ejection fraction (LATEF). Stroke volumes derived from both imaging methods were further compared to 4D pulmonary artery flow-derived net forward volumes (NFV). Methods were compared by correlation and Bland-Altman analysis.

Results
Volumetric function parameters from 4D flow-cine and bSSFP-cine showed high to very high correlations (r = 0.83-0.98). SV, LA volumes and LATEF did not differ between methods. LV end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes were slightly underestimated (EDV: –2.9 ± 5.8 mL; ESV: -2.3 ± 3.8 mL), EF was slightly overestimated (EF: 0.9 ± 2.6%), and LV mass was considerably overestimated (LVM: 39.0 ± 11.4 g) by 4D flow-cine imaging. SVs from both methods correlated very highly with NFV (r = 0.91 in both cases) and did not differ from NFV.

Conclusion
Native multislice 4D flow magnitude data allows precise evaluation of LV and LA volumetric parameters; however, apart from SV, LV volumetric parameters demonstrate bias and need to be referred to their respective normal values.

Clinical relevance statement
Volumetric function assessment from native multislice 4D flow magnitude images can be performed with routinely used clinical software, facilitating the application of 4D flow as a one-stop-shop functional cardiac MR exam, providing consistent, simultaneously acquired, volume and flow data.

Key points
• Native multislice 4D flow imaging allows evaluation of volumetric left ventricular and atrial function parameters.
• Left ventricular and left atrial function parameters derived from native multislice 4D flow data correlate highly with corresponding standard cine-derived parameters.
• Multislice 4D flow-derived volumetric stroke volume and net forward volume do not differ.
Diffusion histogram profiles predict molecular features of grade 4 in histologically lower-grade adult diffuse gliomas following WHO classification 2021
Authors: Kurokawa Ryo , Hagiwara Akifumi , Kurokawa Mariko , Ellingson Benjamin M. , Baba Akira , Moritani Toshio 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives
In the latest World Health Organization classification 2021, grade 4 adult diffuse gliomas can be diagnosed with several molecular features even without histological evidence of necrosis or microvascular proliferation. We aimed to explore whole tumor histogram-derived apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) histogram profiles for differentiating between the presence (Mol-4) and absence (Mol-2/3) of grade 4 molecular features in histologically lower-grade gliomas.

Methods
Between June 2019 and October 2022, 184 adult patients with diffuse gliomas underwent MRI. After excluding 121 patients, 18 (median age, 64.5 [range, 37–84 years]) Mol-4 and 45 (median 40 [range, 18–73] years) Mol-2/3 patients with histologically lower-grade gliomas were enrolled. Whole tumor volume-of-interest-derived ADC histogram profiles were calculated and compared between the two groups. Stepwise logistic regression analysis with Akaike’s information criterion using the ADC histogram profiles with p values < 0.01 and age at diagnosis was used to identify independent variables for predicting the Mol-4 group.

Results
The 90th percentile (p < 0.001), median (p < 0.001), mean (p < 0.001), 10th percentile (p = 0.014), and entropy (p < 0.001) of normalized ADC were lower, and kurtosis (p < 0.001) and skewness (p = 0.046) were higher in the Mol-4 group than in the Mol-2/3 group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the entropy of normalized ADC and age at diagnosis were independent predictive parameters for the Mol-4 group with an area under the curve of 0.92.

Conclusion
ADC histogram profiles may be promising preoperative imaging biomarkers to predict molecular grade 4 among histologically lower-grade adult diffuse gliomas.

Clinical relevance statement
This study highlighted the diagnostic usefulness of ADC histogram profiles to differentiate histologically lower grade adult diffuse gliomas with the presence of molecular grade 4 features and those without.

Key Points
• ADC histogram profiles to predict molecular CNS WHO grade 4 status among histologically lower-grade adult diffuse gliomas were evaluated.
• Entropy of ADC and age were independent predictive parameters for molecular grade 4 status.
• ADC histogram analysis is useful for predicting molecular grade 4 among histologically lower-grade gliomas.
Value of a short non-contrast CMR protocol in MINOCA
Authors: Gatti Marco , Palmisano Anna , Gerboni Mattia , Cau Riccardo , Pintus Alessandra , Porcu Michele , Tore Davide , Vignale Davide , Andreis Alessandro , Bergamasco Laura , De Ferrari Gaetano Maria , Esposito Antonio , Saba Luca , Fonio Paolo , Faletti Riccardo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate the diagnostic performance of a short non-contrast CMR (ShtCMR) protocol relative to a matched standard comprehensive CMR (StdCMR) protocol in patients with myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA).

Methods
This multicenter retrospective study included patients with a working diagnosis of MINOCA who underwent a StdCMR between January 2019 and December 2020. An expert and a non-expert reader performed a blinded reading with the ShtCMR (long-axis cine images, T2w-STIR, T1- and T2-mapping). A consensus reading of the StdCMR (reference standard) was performed at least 3 months after the ShtCMR reading session. Readers were asked to report the following: (1) diagnosis; (2) level of confidence in their diagnosis with the ShtCMR; (3) number of myocardial segments involved, and (4) functional parameters.

Results
A total of 179 patients were enrolled. The ShtCMR lasted 21 ± 9 min and the StdCMR 45 ± 11 min (p < 0.0001). ShtCMR allowed reaching the same diagnosis as StdCMR in 85% of patients when interpreted by expert readers (rising from 66% for poor confidence to 99% for good, p = 0.0001) and in 73% (p = 0.01) by non-expert ones (60% for poor vs 89% for good confidence, p = 0.0001). Overall, the ShtCMR overestimated the ejection fraction, underestimated cardiac volumes (p < 0.01), and underestimated the number of segments involved by pathology (p = 0.0008) when compared with the StdCMR.

Conclusion
The ShtCMR was found to be a debatable alternative to the StdCMR in patients with MINOCA. Nevertheless, when an experienced reader reaches a good or very good diagnostic confidence using the ShtCMR, the reader may choose to stop the examination, reducing the length of the CMR without affecting the patient’s diagnosis.

Clinical relevance statement
A short non-contrast CMR protocol may be a viable alternative to standard protocols in selected CMR studies of patients with MINOCA, allowing for faster diagnosis while reducing time and resources and increasing the number of patients who can be scanned.

Key Points
• The ShtCMR lasted 21 ± 9 min and the StdCMR 45 ± 11 min (p < 0.0001).
• In 57% of patients with MINOCA, the experienced reader considers that contrast medium is probably not necessary for diagnosis without affecting the patient’s diagnosis (99% of agreement rate between ShtCMR and StdCMR).
Deep learning enables the differentiation between early and late stages of hip avascular necrosis
Authors: Klontzas Michail E. , Vassalou Evangelia E. , Spanakis Konstantinos , Meurer Felix , Woertler Klaus , Zibis Aristeidis , Marias Kostas , Karantanas Apostolos H. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To develop a deep learning methodology that distinguishes early from late stages of avascular necrosis of the hip (AVN) to determine treatment decisions.

Methods
Three convolutional neural networks (CNNs) VGG-16, Inception ResnetV2, InceptionV3 were trained with transfer learning (ImageNet) and finetuned with a retrospectively collected cohort of (n = 104) MRI examinations of AVN patients, to differentiate between early (ARCO 1–2) and late (ARCO 3–4) stages. A consensus CNN ensemble decision was recorded as the agreement of at least two CNNs. CNN and ensemble performance was benchmarked on an independent cohort of 49 patients from another country and was compared to the performance of two MSK radiologists. CNN performance was expressed with areas under the curve (AUC), the respective 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and precision, and recall and f1-scores. AUCs were compared with DeLong’s test.

Results
On internal testing, Inception-ResnetV2 achieved the highest individual performance with an AUC of 99.7% (95%CI 99–100%), followed by InceptionV3 and VGG-16 with AUCs of 99.3% (95%CI 98.4–100%) and 97.3% (95%CI 95.5–99.2%) respectively. The CNN ensemble the same AUCs Inception ResnetV2. On external validation, model performance dropped with VGG-16 achieving the highest individual AUC of 78.9% (95%CI 51.6–79.6%) The best external performance was achieved by the model ensemble with an AUC of 85.5% (95%CI 72.2–93.9%). No significant difference was found between the CNN ensemble and expert MSK radiologists (p = 0.22 and 0.092 respectively).

Conclusion
An externally validated CNN ensemble accurately distinguishes between the early and late stages of AVN and has comparable performance to expert MSK radiologists.

Clinical relevance statement
This paper introduces the use of deep learning for the differentiation between early and late avascular necrosis of the hip, assisting in a complex clinical decision that can determine the choice between conservative and surgical treatment.

Key Points
• A convolutional neural network ensemble achieved excellent performance in distinguishing between early and late avascular necrosis.
• The performance of the deep learning method was similar to the performance of expert readers.
Diagnostik und Management von Patient*innen mit erblichen Netzhautdegenerationen in Deutschland
Authors: Künzel Sandrine H. , Mahren Elias , Morr Mitjan , Holz Frank G. , Lorenz Birgit ,   Arbeitsgruppe IRDs in Deutschland, Märtz Josef , Nagel Ines , Kaya Sema , Freimuth Marc-Aurel , Rating Philipp , Liakopoulos Sandra , Singh Pankaj , Friedburg Christoph , Feltgen Nicolas , Take Patricia , Viestenz Arne , Wienrich Ricarda , Dulz Simon , Spitzer Martin , Käsmann-Kellner Barbara , Lentzsch Anna , Grisanti Salvatore , Besgen Volker , Sekundo Walter , Gerhardt Maximilian , Priglinger Siegfried , Maier Mathias , Eter Nicole , Al-Nawaiseh Sami , Brockmann Claudia , Fuchsluger Thomas A. , Kempf Melanie , Stingl Katarina , Kilani Adnan , Wolf Armin , Schwabe Dorothee , Stemplewitz Birthe , Rüther Klaus , Engelhardt Lucia , Schrecker Jens , Schargus Marc , Kaskel-Paul Susanne , Bonhoeffer Dietrich , Bonhoeffer Dietrich , Brinkmann Christian Karl , Gabel-Pfisterer Ameli , Ladewig Markus S. , Kellner Ulrich , Stanzel Boris V. , Szurman Peter 
Published: August 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Aufkommende Therapien führen zu wachsendem Interesse an hereditären Netzhauterkrankungen (engl. „inherited retinal diseases“ [IRDs]), einer heterogenen Gruppe seltener Erkrankungen, die potenziell zur Erblindung führen. Aktuell sind nur unzureichend systematische Studien zur Demografie und zum Management der IRDs in deutschen augenärztlichen Einrichtungen vorhanden.

Ziele der Arbeit
Charakterisierung der Versorgung von IRD-Patient*innen in Deutschland, Erfassung von Daten zur Diagnostik, zur systematischen Speicherung der Patient*innendaten und zur Weiterbildung in Ophthalmogenetik.

Methoden
Die anonyme Umfrage mittels Online-Fragebogen (SoSci Survey GmbH) wurde an alle deutschen Augenkliniken (Quelle: Deutsche Ophthalmologische Gesellschaft) und 3 IRD-Schwerpunktpraxen versandt. Der für die Umfrage entwickelte Katalog bestand aus 69 Fragen.

Ergebnisse
Die Antwortquote betrug 44,8 %. Fast alle Einrichtungen (93,6 %) gaben an, IRD-Patient*innen zu betreuen, jedoch unterscheiden sich universitäre und nichtuniversitäre Kliniken stark in der Patient*innenzahl. Datenbanken wurden in 60 % der universitären (UK) und 5,9 % der nichtuniversitären Kliniken (NUK) genutzt. Die Hälfte (53 %) der NUKs und 12 % der UKs gaben an, dass weniger als 20 % der betreuten Patient*innen eine molekulargenetische Diagnose erhielten. Die Antworten der Schwerpunktpraxen ähnelten denen der UKs. Patient*innen mit der mittels Voretigen Neparvovec therapierbaren RPE65-mutationsassoziierten IRD wurden in 9 UKs betreut.

Diskussion
Die Umfrage zeigt Defizite in der Versorgung von IRDs auf. Insbesondere war der Prozentsatz von Betroffenen mit bekanntem Genotyp zwischen UKs und NUKs sehr unterschiedlich. Hier sollten gerade wegen der aufkommenden Therapien Verbesserungen initiiert werden.
Conventional and living guideline for schizophrenia: barriers and facilitating factors in guideline implementation
Authors: Lorenz Carolin , Güler Duygu , Halms Theresa , Khorikian-Ghazari Naiiri , Röh Astrid , Flick Marisa , Burschinski Angelika , Pielenz Charline , Salveridou-Hof Eva , Schneider-Axmann Thomas , Schneider Marco , Wagner Elias , Falkai Peter , Gaebel Wolfgang , Leucht Stefan , Hasan Alkomiet , Gaigl Gabriele 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the barriers and facilitators to guideline adherence for the print format of the German schizophrenia guideline as well as for the concept of a digital living guideline for the first time. For this purpose, the schizophrenia guideline was transferred to a digital guideline format within the web-based tool MAGICapp. An online survey was performed under participation of mental healthcare professionals (medical doctors, psychologists/psychotherapists, psychosocial therapists, caregivers) in 17 hospitals for psychiatry in Southern Germany and a professional association for German neurologists and psychiatrists. 524 participants opened the survey, 439 completed the demographic questions and commenced the content-related survey and 309 provided complete data sets. Results indicate a higher occurrence of knowledge-related barriers for the living guideline. The print version is associated with more attitude-related and external barriers. Older professionals reported more attitude-related barriers to a living guideline compared to younger professionals. Differences between professions regarding barriers were found for both formats. Various barriers exist for both guideline formats and a need for facilitators was expressed across professions. Many of the mentioned obstacles and facilitators can be more easily addressed with living guidelines. However, also living guidelines face barriers. Thus, the introduction of these new formats alone cannot lead to sustainable behavior change regarding guideline adherence. Yet, living guidelines seem to be a cornerstone to improved and tailored guideline implementation as they facilitate to keep recommendations up to date and to address the need of individual professional groups.
Autism Spectrum Disorder and Parental Depression
Authors: Karra Srinivas V. , Krause Trudy M. , Yamal Jose-Miguel , Ogle Nicholas T. , Tanner Rebecca , Revere Lee 
Published: August 2023

AbstractStudies exploring associations between children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and depression in parents are limited. This study compares healthcare utilization, depression treatment costs, and risk factors, in parents of children with and without ASD. Using a matched case-control, individuals aged 27 to 64 with continuous enrollment from 2017–2019 and a child diagnosed with ASD were selected from nationally representative administrative claims data. Individuals were randomly matched 1:3 to a non-ASD group based on the child's age, gender, and family characteristics. Statistical models were used to evaluate the association between ASD in children, depression in their respective parents, and resulting healthcare utilization and costs incurred by parents. The study consisted of 23,316 families, out of which 5,779 had children with ASD, and 17,337 had children without ASD. Having a child with ASD was a predictor of depression in parents (OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.73 – 2.10). Mothers of children with ASD had a higher risk of having depression (OR 4.0, 95% CI 2.62 – 6.12). Parents having multiple ASD children were also at higher risk of depression (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.18 – 2.13). The sex and age of the child were not associated with parental depression. While family-level income and education attainment were not associated, urbanicity (rural) had an association with depression. Parents with ASD children are at a higher risk of depression. Findings suggest that parents of children with ASD may benefit from depression screening at the onset of ASD diagnosis in their children.
Resonance Quantization in the Absorption Spectra of Concentric Double Gold Nanoshells: A Numerical Study
Authors: Alali Fatema 
Published: August 2023

AbstractConcentric double metallic shells (CDMSs) are strong candidates for photothermal-based therapy, wherein they utilize their tuned plasmon resonance in the near-infrared region via particle coupling factor fitting. Tuning the resonance of CDMSs to the desired near-infrared region is crucial considering the shift caused by variations in their design parameters. In this study, we investigated the effects of these parameters using full-wave electromagnetic analysis to highlight the dominant factors affecting the resonance shift in the absorption spectra of CDMSs. With systematic variations, our simulation data outlined the direct influence of the outer and inner nanoshells’ (NS2 and NS1) aspect ratios r2 and r1, respectively, on the coupling factor (rT) aptitude for resonance tuning. For example, a CDMS with r2 = r1 = 0.8 shows coupling manifestation between NS2 and NS1 with rT as low as 0.2. However, we need the value of rT to be at least 0.6 for a CDMS with r2 = r1 = 0.4. Moreover, the dominant factors of the localized surface plasmon resonance shifts were determined by examining the mismatched parameter values of the same particle and found them to be related to NS2. We demonstrated how these factors are related to the complexity of localized surface plasmon resonance peak shifting and splitting in the absorption spectra of CDMSs. Our findings are expected to greatly improve the design of nanoparticles to optimize their responses in photothermal-based applications.
Welche Kompetenzen benötigen Mitarbeitende für den Einsatz von Augmented Reality in Logistik und Produktion?
Authors: Schulte Julian , Kato-Beiderwieden Anna-Lena , Maier Günter W. 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungDieser Praxisbericht der Zeitschrift Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation. (GIO) stellt dar, wie die Prospektive Kompetenzanalyse in kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen (KMU) eingesetzt wurde, um die Einführung von Augmented Reality Systemen zu begleiten und damit einhergehende Kompetenzveränderungen aufzuzeigen. Der Einsatz neuer Technologien, wie Augmented Reality Systeme, stellt eine tiefgreifende Veränderung für Unternehmen dar, welche nicht nur mit einem intensiven arbeitsbezogenen Lernprozess einhergeht, sondern auch das Kompetenzprofil von Arbeitstätigkeit grundlegend verändern kann. Dies ist insbesondere in KMUs herausfordernd, wo vergleichsweise nur wenig personelle Ressourcen zur Verfügung stehen diese Prozesse zu begleiten. Eine Möglichkeit diese arbeitsbezogene Veränderung erfolgreich zu bewältigen besteht darin wissenschaftlich fundierte Methoden einzusetzen, welche bereits vorab präzise Abschätzungen der sich verändernden Kompetenzen ermöglichen können, sodass der Schulungsbedarf und die Handlungsempfehlungen bereits vor der Technologieeinführung erarbeitet werden können. Eine solche Methode ist die Prospektive Kompetenzanalyse. Im Rahmen dieses Praxisberichts skizzieren wir die Umsetzung der Prospektive Kompetenzanalyse in einem Verbundprojekt, in welchem ein audiovisuelles Assistenzsystem auf Basis eines Augmented Reality Systems für verschiedene Anwendungsszenarien in drei KMUs entwickelt wurde. Zusätzlich beschreiben und reflektieren wir eine methodische Anpassung der Prospektive Kompetenzanalyse, die den Einsatz des quantitativen Verfahrens auch bei KMUs ermöglicht.
The Common Way in Which the Ministry of Health Conveys Information to the Public: A Simulation Among Israeli Parents with Different Attitudes and Behaviors Regarding Vaccination During a Measles Outbreak in Israel
Authors: Hijazi Rana , Gesser-Edelsburg Anat , Mesch Gustavo S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground:Despite several empirical studies that have emphasized the problematic and ineffective way in which health organizations ‘correct’ information which does not come from them, they have not yet found ways to properly address vaccine hesitancy.Objectives:(1) Examining the responses of groups with different attitudes/ behaviors regarding vaccination; (2) Examining the effect of the common methods of correcting information regarding the response of subgroups, while examining issues of reliability, satisfaction, and information seeking, as well as how health organization tools aid the decision-making process regarding vaccines.Methods:A simulation study that included 150 parents of kindergarten children was carried out.Results:Significant difference was found among the various groups (with respect to vaccination behavior) regarding the extent of their trust in the Ministry of Health (χ2(3) = 46.33;P< 0.0001), the reliability of the Ministry of Health’s response (χ2(3) = 31.56;P< 0.0001), satisfaction with the Ministry of Health’s response (χ2(3) = 25.25;P< 0.0001), and the level of help they felt the Ministry of Health’s tools provided them regarding vaccine-related decision making (χ2(3) = 27.76;P< 0.0001).Conclusion:It is important for health organizations to gain the public’s trust, especially that of pro-vaccination groups with hesitant attitudes, while addressing the public’s fears and concerns.
Geneva, We Have a Problem: Internationalisation of Armed Conflicts through Indirect Intervention Remains a Dead Letter
Authors: Hrnjaz Miloš , Radončić Mina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe article seeks to raise awareness about the non-application of the norms of international humanitarian law (IHL) of international armed conflicts in situations of so-called internationalised armed conflicts – namely, when a non-state armed group (NSAG) that is engaged in an armed conflict against the territorial state enjoys a degree of support from another state. Debates in academic circles and international case law have focused largely on the appropriate test and threshold for establishing the relationship between the NSAG and the supporting state. Practice, however, shows that regardless of the legal test, the foreign state support to the NSAG in a (or an initially) non-international armed conflict is so politically charged that it leads to a complete non-application of the law of international armed conflict by the relevant actors. The article demonstrates its conceptual findings through four case studies: the armed conflicts in Donbas, Nagorno-Karabakh, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Yemen. Regardless of strong indications of foreign state support to the NSAG in these armed conflicts, no relevant actors applied the IHL norms of international armed conflict. The article provides broader suggestions on the possible avenues for remedying the issue.