bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patients hospitalized with alcohol‐related liver disease and prior bariatric surgery are more prone to develop acute‐on‐chronic liver failure
Authors: Onghena Louis , Van Nieuwenhove Yves , Demeulenaere Laurissa , Devisscher Lindsey , Verhelst Xavier , Degroote Helena , Raevens Sarah , Van Vlierberghe Hans , Lefere Sander , Geerts Anja 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground & AimsPatients with a history of bariatric surgery (BS) are susceptible to developing alcohol use disorder. We and others have previously shown that these patients can develop severe alcohol‐related liver disease (ARLD). Our aim was to describe the demographics, co‐morbidities and mortality of a hospitalized population diagnosed with alcohol‐related liver disease, in relation to BS.MethodsWe included 299 patients hospitalized with ARLD at the Ghent University Hospital between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2022. Clinical, biochemical and outcome data were retrospectively retrieved from the most recent hospitalization. Statistical analysis was performed using the t test, Mann–Whitney U and χ2 tests.ResultsThirteen per cent (39/299) of patients admitted with ARLD had a history of bariatric surgery, of whom 25 (64.1%) had undergone Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass. Patients with a history of BS were predominantly female (76.9%), in contrast to the non‐BS population (29.2%) (p < .0001), and despite being significantly younger (p < .0001) and had a similar survival (61.5% vs. 58.1%). Bariatric surgery and older age at diagnosis were both significantly associated with poorer transplant‐free survival. The cause of death was acute‐on‐chronic liver failure in 73.3% of BS patients, compared to only 19.2% of those without a history of BS (p < .0001). The weekly amount of alcohol consumed (p = .012) and duration of use (p < .0001) were significantly lower/shorter in the BS population.ConclusionsBS patients hospitalized with ARLD are predominantly younger women with a lower cumulative alcohol consumption compared to those without prior BS. BS impacted transplant‐free survival, with ACLF as the predominant cause of death in these patients.
Socio‐economic factors associated with loss to follow‐up among individuals with HCV: A Dutch nationwide cross‐sectional study
Authors: van Dijk Marleen , Boyd Anders , Brakenhoff Sylvia M. , Isfordink Cas J. , van Zoest Rosan A. , Verhagen Mark D. , de Knegt Robert J. , Drenth Joost P. H. , van der Valk Marc ,   the HepNed study group
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsThe path to hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination is complicated by individuals who become lost to follow‐up (LTFU) during care, particularly before receiving effective HCV treatment. We aimed to determine factors contributing to LTFU and whether LTFU is associated with mortality.MethodsIn this secondary analysis, we constructed a database including individuals with HCV who were either LTFU (data from the nationwide HCV retrieval project, CELINE) or treated with directly acting antivirals (DAA) (data from Statistics Netherlands) between 2012 and 2019. This database was linked to mortality data from Statistics Netherlands. Determinants associated with being LTFU versus DAA‐treated were assessed using logistic regression, and mortality rates were compared between groups using exponential survival models. These analyses were additionally stratified on calendar periods: 2012–2014, 2015–2017 and 2018–2019.ResultsAbout 254 individuals, LTFU and 5547 DAA‐treated were included. Being institutionalized (OR = 5.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.29–7.65), household income below the social minimum (OR = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.25–3.06), receiving benefits (OR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.20–2.52) and psychiatric comorbidity (OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.09–2.10) were associated with LTFU. Mortality rates were significantly higher in individuals LTFU compared to those DAA‐treated (2.99 vs. 1.15/100 person‐years (PY), p < .0001), while in those DAA‐treated, mortality rates slowly increased between 2012–2014 (.22/100PY) and 2018–2019 (2.25/100PY).ConclusionIn the Netherlands, individuals who are incarcerated/institutionalized, with low household income, or with psychiatric comorbidities are prone to being LTFU, which is associated with higher mortality. HCV care needs to be adapted for these vulnerable individuals.
Ukraine at war: Baseline identity and social construction
Authors: Wilson Andrew 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUkrainians' resilience in the face of Russia's 2022 invasion can be explained by cumulative identity change through successive revolutions: the Orange Revolution in 2004, the Maidan Revolution or Revolution of Dignity in 2013–2014 and the current as yet unnamed war. The two phases of the war, from 2014 and 2022, have accelerated both the civic and the social construction of Ukrainian identity. Post‐post‐Soviet Ukraine is now a consolidated civic and political nation. But there is also an increased consensus on traditional nationalist mythology, defined by opposition to Russia's aggressive reimperialisation and autocratic political culture and by Ukraine's hyper‐Europeanisation.
Requirements for anti‐aquaporin 5 autoantibody production in a mouse model
Authors: Acharya Sabin , Lee Ahreum , Kim Hyunjin , Kim Hyeong‐jin , Choi Youngnim 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSeveral oral bacteria, including Prevotella melaninogenica (Pm), have aquaporin (AQP) proteins homologous to human AQP5, a major water channel protein targeted in Sjogren's syndrome. This study aimed to understand the antigenic characteristics that induce autoantibodies against an AQP5 “E” epitope (AQP5E) in a mouse model using C57BL/6 mice. Immunization with a PmE‐L peptide derived from Pm AQP, which contains amino acid mismatches both at the B‐ and T‐cell epitopes, efficiently induced anti‐AQP5E autoantibodies accompanied by increased germinal center (GC) B and follicular helper T cells in the draining lymph nodes. However, PmE, a peptide lacking a T‐cell epitope, and AQP5E‐L, an AQP5‐derived self‐peptide, hardly induced either anti‐AQP5E autoantibodies or GC responses. Surprisingly, OTII‐AQP5E, a peptide that replaced the self T‐cell epitope of AQP5E‐L with an ovalbumin‐derived foreign T‐cell epitope, was not any better than AQP5E‐L in the induction of anti‐AQP5E autoantibodies and GC response, despite the substantial expansion of CD4+ T cells and production of anti‐OTII‐AQP5E antibodies. The complex of biotinylated PmE‐L peptide and highly immunogenic streptavidin (SA) induced a strong extrafollicular B‐cell response skewed toward the expansion of SA‐specific B cells. However, the expansion of AQP5E‐specific GC B cells was limited, resulting in the inefficient induction of anti‐AQP5E autoantibodies. Collectively, our results have demonstrated that anti‐AQP5E autoantibody production is only allowed when foreign B‐ and T‐cell epitopes drive a strong GC response of AQP5E‐specific B cells for affinity maturation. This study helps explain why cross‐reactive anti‐AQP5 autoantibodies are not produced during the immune response to Pm in most healthy people.
Grounding and boundaries
Authors: Sciacca Giulio 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper discusses a recent puzzle concerning the notions of boundary parthood and dependence, and offers a new solution. The puzzle was originally presented by Jeroen Smid and successively elaborated upon by Claudio Calosi. I first reformulate some of the troublesome premises. Particularly, whereas Smid and Calosi discuss the puzzle in terms of an underspecified notion of dependence, I propose to construe it in terms of the notion of grounding. In this manner, the dependence relation inherently carries an asymmetry, and we can effectively utilize its four places. The solution I advance precisely takes advantage of this feature of dependence. My proposal avoids the contradiction while still respecting the intuitions driving the original premises. It is also fully compatible with boundaries being only generically dependent on their wholes.
Origami-Inspired Design of a Single-Degree-of-Freedom Reconfigurable Wing With Lockable Mechanisms
Authors: Zhang Xiong , Kang Xi , Li Bing 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The morphing wing can enable the aircraft to maintain good flight performance in different missions or flight stages, which has enjoyed much attention in recent research. However, it is difficult to design the wing with multiple configurations and lightweight. Inspired by the origami art, a reconfigurable mechanism with a single-degree-of-freedom (single-DOF) is introduced to the morphing wing design in this paper. The bending configuration, the deployable configuration, and the configuration transformation of the reconfigurable mechanism are respectively analyzed. The lengths of some links are also optimized according to the motion requirements. Specific kinematic pairs of the reconfigurable mechanism are required to have the locking function. Therefore, a reliable “plug-in” type lockable mechanism is designed and its working performance is verified by comparing the analytical model and the finite element method model. Finally, by assembling the reconfigurable mechanism with the ribs, the reconfigurable wing which can realize the arbitrary transformation of four configurations under a single drive mode can be obtained.
Seeing is believing: Climate change graph design and user judgments of credibility, usability, and risk
Authors: Courtney Steph L. , McNeal Karen S. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Psychological science can be used to inform climate science graph design, resulting in more meaningful and useful graphs for communication, especially with non-scientists. In this study, we redesigned graphs from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) and compared participant attention and perceptions between original and novel designs with pre-/post-surveys, eye-tracking, graph usability and ranking activities, and interviews. Participants were selected for lower content knowledge and risk perception of climate from a sample of undergraduate students in the southeastern U.S. Here, we demonstrate our robust graph redesign process and the associated impacts on participants’ perceptions of graph usability, graph and scientist credibility, and risk associated with climate change. These findings indicate that interacting with climate change graphs may impact perceptions that are relevant to individuals’ motivation to take action to address climate change across political audiences, and possibly even more so among self-identified Conservatives. Additionally, participants who viewed graphs designed to align with research-informed best practices had greater increases in perceptions of climate scientist credibility and climate change risk, though these contrasts were not statistically significant (p &gt; 0.05). Participants rated redesigned graphs as being more trustworthy, which is critical to successful climate change communication, and our qualitative results provide a possible explanation and initial points of exploration for future research.
High Efficiency of Removal of Pathogenic Microorganisms at Wastewater Treatment Plants in the City of Moscow
Authors: Begmatov Sh. A. , Dorofeev A. G. , Pimenov N. V. , Mardanov A. V. , Ravin N. V. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract—
While most pathogenic bacteria are efficiently removed from wastewater during biological treatment, some pathogens, notably Arcobacter, may be abundant in the purified water. Using 16S rRNA gene profiling, the composition of microbial communities of municipal wastewater in the city of Moscow was studied before and after biological purification at the Lyubertsy wastewater treatment plant. Fecal contaminants of the genera Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, Arcobacter, Bacteroides, Streptococcus, and Veillonella, which include human pathogens, predominated in the influent wastewater. After treatment, the relative abundance of these bacteria decreased by 50‒100 times. Predominant organisms in the microbiome of the effluent water were bacteria characteristic of activated sludge, including the nitrifiers of the genera Nitrospira and Nitrosomonas, as well as phosphate- and glycogen-accumulating microorganisms. Thus, pathogenic bacteria, including Arcobacter, are effectively removed at the Moscow wastewater treatment plant.
Educational achievement to age 11 years in children born at late preterm and early term gestations
Authors: Copper Clare , Waterman Amanda , Nicoletti Cheti , Pettinger Katherine , Sanders Lee , Hill Liam J B 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of being born late preterm (LPT, 34–36 weeks’ gestation) or early term (37–38 weeks) on children’s educational achievement between ages 5 and 11 years.DesignA series of observational studies of longitudinal linked health and education data.SettingThe Born-in-Bradford (BiB) birth cohort study, which recruited mothers during pregnancy between 2007 and 2011.ParticipantsThe participants are children born between 2007 and 2011. Children with missing data, looked-after-children, multiple births and births post-term were excluded. The sample size varies by age according to amount of missing data, from 7860 children at age 5 years to 2386 at age 11 years (8031 at age 6 years and 5560 at age 7 years).Main outcome measuresBinary variables of whether a child reached the ‘expected’ level of overall educational achievement across subjects at the ages of 5, 6, 7 and 11 years. The achievement levels are measured using standardised teacher assessments and national tests.ResultsCompared with full-term births (39–41 weeks), there were significantly increased adjusted odds of children born LPT, but not early term, of failing to achieve expected levels of overall educational achievement at ages 5 years (adjusted OR (aOR) 1.72,95% CI 1.34 to 2.21) and 7 years (aOR 1.46, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.97) but not at age 11 years (aOR 1.51, 95% CI 0.99 to 2.30). Being born LPT still had statistically significant effects on writing and mathematics at age 11 years.ConclusionsThere is a strong association between LPT and education at age 5 years, which remains strong and statistically significant through age 11 years for mathematics but not for other key subjects.
Efficacy and safety of hyperbaric oxygen therapy monitored by fluorescein angiography in patients with retinal artery occlusion
Authors: Chiabo Jeremy , Kauert Andreas , Casolla Barbara , Contenti Julie , Nahon-Esteve Sacha , Baillif Stephanie , Arnaud Martel 
Published: September 2023

Aims
To assess the efficacy and safety of a standardised hyperbaric oxygen therapy protocol (HBOT) monitored by fluorescein angiography (FA) in patients with retinal artery occlusion (RAO).

Methods
It is a prospective, non-comparative, monocentric study conducted between July 2016 and March 2022. All consecutive patients diagnosed with RAO within 7 days underwent visual acuity measurement, FA, macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT-angiography. They received two daily HBOT sessions (2.5 atmosphere absolute, 90 min) until revascularisation assessed by FA. Complete ophthalmic follow-up was scheduled at day 14, day 21 and at 1 month. The main outcome measure was a best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improvement defined as a decrease ≥0.3 logMAR at 1 month.

Results
Thirty-one patients were included and received a mean number of 33.9 (13–56) HBOT sessions. Retinal revascularisation was observed in 48.4% and 87.1% of patients at days 14 and 21, respectively. The mean BCVA on referral and at 1 month was 1.51 logMAR and 1.10 logMAR, respectively. Fifteen (48.4%) patients achieved the main outcome measure. Six (19.4%) patients experienced minor barotrauma that did not require HBOT discontinuation. The univariate analysis showed that antiplatelet-treated patients (p=0.044) and patients with a poor initial BCVA (p=0.008) were more likely to achieve a BCVA improvement. OCT-angiography was not sensitive enough to diagnose RAO or assess revascularisation.

Conclusion
In RAO patients monitored by FA until spontaneous revascularisation of the central retinal artery, HBOT was effective and safe.
Comparative neural correlates of DBS and MRgFUS lesioning for tremor control in essential tremor
Authors: Germann Jurgen , Santyr Brendan , Boutet Alexandre , Sarica Can , Chow Clement T , Elias Gavin J B , Vetkas Artur , Yang Andrew , Hodaie Mojgan , Fasano Alfonso , Kalia Suneil K , Schwartz Michael L , Lozano Andres M 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundGiven high rates of early complications and non-reversibility, refined targeting is necessitated for magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) thalamotomy for essential tremor (ET). Selection of lesion location can be informed by considering optimal stimulation area from deep brain stimulation (DBS).Methods118 patients with ET who received DBS (39) or MRgFUS (79) of the ventral intermediate nucleus (VIM) underwent stimulation/lesion mapping, probabilistic mapping of clinical efficacy and normative structural connectivity analysis. The efficacy maps were compared, which depict the relationship between stimulation/lesion location and clinical outcome.ResultsEfficacy maps overlap around the VIM ventral border and encompass the dentato-rubro-thalamic tract. While the MRgFUS map extends inferiorly into the posterior subthalamic area, the DBS map spreads inside the VIM antero-superiorly.ConclusionComparing the efficacy maps of DBS and MRgFUS suggests a potential alternative location for lesioning, more antero-superiorly. This may reduce complications, without sacrificing efficacy, and individualise targeting.Trial registration numberNCT02252380.
Effect of the non-commutativity of space on the improved Mobius square plus generalized Yukawa potentials of the Klein–Gordon and Schrödinger equations in 3D-RNCQS and 3D-NRNCQS symmetries
Authors: Maireche Abdelmadjid 
Published: September 2023

Under the influence of the deformation space-space symmetries, the improved Mobius square plus generalized Yukawa potentials (IMSGYPs) have been employed to solve the deformed Klien–Gordon equation in three-dimensional noncommutative relativistic quantum space (3D-RNCQS) symmetries. Combined with the approximation approach suggested by Greene and Aldrich, we also employ the parametric Bopp’s shift approach and standard perturbation theory to derive novel relativistic energy eigenvalues. The new relativistic energy eigenvalues of (N2, K2, NI, ScI, and RbH) diatomic molecules under the IMSGYPs were shown to be sensitive to the atomic quantum numbers ([Formula: see text]), the mixed potential depths ([Formula: see text]), the screening parameter’s inverse [Formula: see text] and non-commutativity parameters ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]). In addition, we analyzed the new non-relativistic energy values in three-dimensional noncommutative non-relativistic quantum space (3D-NRNCQS) symmetries, by applying the well-known mapping in the literature. Furthermore, we studied many special cases useful to researchers in the framework of the new extended symmetries, such as the newly generalized Mobius square potential, the newly generalized Yukawa potential, and the newly generalized Deng-Fan potential. The study is further extended to calculate the mass spectra of mesons of the heavy quarkonium system, such as [Formula: see text], bottomonium [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and light mesons [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], that have the quark and antiquark flavors within the framework of the IMSGYPs model in 3D-NRNCQS symmetries.
Four–Four Maxwell equations
Authors: Doria R. , Mendes L. S. 
Published: September 2023

Electromagnetism is the energy originating from an electric charge. Our purpose is to enlarge Maxwell and include the charge transfer phenomenology. A four-boson electromagnetism is derived. An electromagnetic (EM) completeness is achieved. The charge’s set [Formula: see text] is intermediated by a quadruplet [Formula: see text]. They are the usual photon [Formula: see text], massive photon [Formula: see text] and charged photons [Formula: see text]. A new electric charge symmetry arises. It is ruled by an extended abelian symmetry [Formula: see text]. It generates a Lagrangian and three distinct Noether equations. An electromagnetism that goes beyond charge-based interactions emerges. Similarly, as mass is related to Newton laws, electric charge corresponds to the symmetry equation. Its associativity is more than being a coupling constant. It holds a field’s flux. Maxwell is expanded. Ampère, Faraday, and Gauss laws are improved. An abelian nonlinear model is proposed. Nonlinear granular and collective fields strengths were introduced. Potential fields are explicit. Polarization and magnetization vectors are from first principles with new induced Faraday laws. Monopoles depend on fields. Spin-1 and spin-0 sectors are separated covariantly. Uncharged and charged gauge vector fields are unified. The quadruplet completeness encodes a new EM energy. A journey from Maxwell to photonics is expressed. Seven EM integrated regimes are coursed — Maxwell, systemic, nonlinear, neutral, spintronics, electroweak, and photonics. A new relationship for colliding light–light and light–matter appears. Self-interacting photons are introduced.
Neo-Darwinian Principles Exemplified in Cancer Genomics
Authors: Krueger Karl E. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Within the last two decades, the advent of next-generation sequencing accompanied by single-cell technologies has enabled cancer researchers to study in detail mutations and other genetic aberrations that transpire during transformation of cells to a neoplastic state. This article covers the insights gained through these extensive studies where neo-Darwinian principles can be inferred to play roles throughout neoplastic transformation. The cells promoted during cancer development exhibit cancer hallmarks combined with the related enabling characteristics as outlined by Hanahan and Weinberg, analogous to natural selection and survival of the fittest. Selection of driver mutations that inactivate proteins encoded by tumor suppressor genes differs in profound ways from mutations that activate tumor promoter proteins. In most cases, the later stages of cancer development are characterized by sudden, extensive damage to chromosomes in a process that is not Darwinian in nature. Nevertheless, cells that survive these cataclysmic events remain subject to Darwinian selection promoting clones exhibiting the greatest rates of progression. Duplications of chromosomal segments containing oncogenes, deletions of segments harboring tumor suppressor genes, or distinctive chromosomal rearrangements are often found in cells progressing into later stages of cancer. In summary, the technological developments in genome sequencing since the start of the century have given us clear insights into genomic alterations promoting tumor progression where neo-Darwinian mechanisms of clonal selection can be inferred to play a primary role.