bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Análisis multicriterial del paisaje como patrimonio cultural: sostenibilidad e influencia en la ciudad de Cuenca-Ecuador
Authors: Velecela Ortega David Santiago , Federico Córdova Nelson , Avila Calle Marco 
Published: April 2023

Introducción. Alrededor del planeta existen lugares que son caracterizados o identificados por sus paisajes, entre otros atributos, sin embargo, con el pasar de los años ciertos sectores poblacionales han ido mostrado desinterés o poco conocimiento sobre la importancia que representa el paisaje para el desarrollo de una comunidad, pueblo o ciudad, así como también, el impacto que pudiese tener dentro de esa sociedad debido a una adecuada gestión. Existen muchas ciudades que han transformado su economía a través del turismo, tanto paisajístico como patrimonial, de ahí la necesidad de mantener la integridad de lugares icónicos y emblemáticos de la ciudad de Cuenca. Objetivo. Establecer la importancia del concepto de paisaje y su influencia para la sostenibilidad del turismo en la sociedad cuencana. Metodología. La investigación es de tipo documental y descriptiva, parte de una lectura sistemática detallada de artículos, tesis doctorales y manuales de gestión publicadas en los últimos 10 años que permiten establecer conceptos claros sobre paisaje, sostenibilidad y patrimonio cultural; posterior a la revisión bibliográfica se aplica encuestas y entrevistas para la obtener la percepción de la sociedad cuencana y la relación del paisaje, el patrimonio cultural y su gestión. En el caso de la entrevista, se la lleva a cabo con expertos de diferentes ramas o experticias, que tienen o hayan tenido vinculo y relación con la temática, desde distintos enfoques, lo que permite determinar el grado de influencia en la sociedad. Posterior a esto se aplica encuestas a los residentes de la zona del Barranco, lugar emblemático de la ciudad. Resultados. En la primera etapa se manejó un número de 127 fuentes bibliográficas de los cuales más del 50 % presentan similitud en conceptos y términos; en cuanto al juicio de expertos se trabaja con cinco (5) profesionales de diferentes ramas, cuya percepción es la existencia de una normativa limitante, la necesidad de un mayor trabajo interdisciplinario, o simplemente la no existencia de normas adecuadas referente a las intervenciones en el paisaje y manejo de patrimonio. Los resultados de las encuestas realizadas demuestran que el 90% de encuestados cree que la influencia del paisaje se enfoca en el crecimiento del turismo y por ende crecimiento económico, por otra parte únicamente el 10 % cree que mejora el bienestar social y la seguridad. Conclusión. A partir del estudio se determina la necesidad imperante de una política pública, juntamente con normativas que permitan llevar a cabo una planificación territorial ordenada con el fin de preservar el patrimonio cultural de la ciudad, y que permita un desarrollo arquitectónico sustentable de la ciudad, trabajando de manera integral e interdisciplinar con los actores directos e indirectos, para mantener y difundir la preservación del paisaje cuencano de manera sostenible.
Assistência de enfermagem: os desafios enfrentados no processo da sedação
Authors: Santana Alicia Victória Bomfim de , Santana Keylla Najeane Matos , Souza Monallyse Santos de , Santos Sandro Oliveira Figueredo dos 
Published: April 2023

Objetivo: O presente estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar os desafios e limitações que a assistência de enfermagem enfrenta durante o processo de sedação. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de revisão de literatura integrativa de caráter descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa. Para realização deste estudo foram utilizadas as bases de dados: Portal Regional da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e a Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina (PubMed). Utilizaram-se os critérios de inclusão: artigos publicados entre os anos de 2012 a 2022, que abordassem o tema de forma clara e objetiva, disponíveis em língua portuguesa, inglês ou espanhol. Já os critérios de não inclusão: foram: artigos incompletos, repetidos nas bases de dados, que fugissem da temática proposta ou não estivessem no período indicado e no idioma proposto. Resultados e Discussão: A principal limitação da assistência de enfermagem na UTI é a falta de autonomia no processo de sedação, portanto não cabe a equipe de enfermagem intervir ou prescrever as doses ou medicações, sendo função do enfermeiro administrar as medicações, checar a dosagem e fármaco antes de aplicar e, monitorar as respostas do paciente sedado. Os dois grandes desafios que a equipe de enfermagem enfrenta é a ausência de protocolos na sedação e a falta de treinamento adequado para as equipes de enfermagem. Conclusão: A equipe de enfermagem exerce um papel fundamental no processo de sedação, pois ela atua no monitoramento e cuidado do paciente sedado até que o mesmo se recupere.
pyHeart4Fish: Chamber-specific heart phenotype quantification of zebrafish in high-content screens
Authors: Vedder Viviana L. , Reinberger Tobias , Haider Syed M. I. , Eichelmann Luis , Odenthal Nadine , Abdelilah-Seyfried Salim , Aherrahrou Zouhair , Breuer Maximilian , Erdmann Jeanette 
Published: April 2023

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death. Of CVDs, congenital heart diseases are the most common congenital defects, with a prevalence of 1 in 100 live births. Despite the widespread knowledge that prenatal and postnatal drug exposure can lead to congenital abnormalities, the developmental toxicity of many FDA-approved drugs is rarely investigated. Therefore, to improve our understanding of drug side effects, we performed a high-content drug screen of 1,280 compounds using zebrafish as a model for cardiovascular analyses. Zebrafish are a well-established model for CVDs and developmental toxicity. However, flexible open-access tools to quantify cardiac phenotypes are lacking. Here, we provide pyHeart4Fish, a novel Python-based, platform-independent tool with a graphical user interface for automated quantification of cardiac chamber-specific parameters, such as heart rate (HR), contractility, arrhythmia score, and conduction score. In our study, about 10.5% of the tested drugs significantly affected HR at a concentration of 20 µM in zebrafish embryos at 2 days post-fertilization. Further, we provide insights into the effects of 13 compounds on the developing embryo, including the teratogenic effects of the steroid pregnenolone. In addition, analysis with pyHeart4Fish revealed multiple contractility defects induced by seven compounds. We also found implications for arrhythmias, such as atrioventricular block caused by chloropyramine HCl, as well as (R)-duloxetine HCl-induced atrial flutter. Taken together, our study presents a novel open-access tool for heart analysis and new data on potentially cardiotoxic compounds.
Identifying key genes related to inflammasome in severe COVID-19 patients based on a joint model with random forest and artificial neural network
Authors: Ou Haiya , Fan Yaohua , Guo Xiaoxuan , Lao Zizhao , Zhu Meiling , Li Geng , Zhao Lijun 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been spreading astonishingly and caused catastrophic losses worldwide. The high mortality of severe COVID-19 patients is an serious problem that needs to be solved urgently. However, the biomarkers and fundamental pathological mechanisms of severe COVID-19 are poorly understood. The aims of this study was to explore key genes related to inflammasome in severe COVID-19 and their potential molecular mechanisms using random forest and artificial neural network modeling.MethodsDifferentially expressed genes (DEGs) in severe COVID-19 were screened from GSE151764 and GSE183533 via comprehensive transcriptome Meta-analysis. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and functional analyses were conducted to identify molecular mechanisms related to DEGs or DEGs associated with inflammasome (IADEGs), respectively. Five the most important IADEGs in severe COVID-19 were explored using random forest. Then, we put these five IADEGs into an artificial neural network to construct a novel diagnostic model for severe COVID-19 and verified its diagnostic efficacy in GSE205099.ResultsUsing combining P value &lt; 0.05, we obtained 192 DEGs, 40 of which are IADEGs. The GO enrichment analysis results indicated that 192 DEGs were mainly involved in T cell activation, MHC protein complex and immune receptor activity. The KEGG enrichment analysis results indicated that 192 GEGs were mainly involved in Th17 cell differentiation, IL-17 signaling pathway, mTOR signaling pathway and NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. In addition, the top GO terms of 40 IADEGs were involved in T cell activation, immune response-activating signal transduction, external side of plasma membrane and phosphatase binding. The KEGG enrichment analysis results indicated that IADEGs were mainly involved in FoxO signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor, JAK-STAT signaling pathway and Apoptosis. Then, five important IADEGs (AXL, MKI67, CDKN3, BCL2 and PTGS2) for severe COVID-19 were screened by random forest analysis. By building an artificial neural network model, we found that the AUC values of 5 important IADEGs were 0.972 and 0.844 in the train group (GSE151764 and GSE183533) and test group (GSE205099), respectively.ConclusionThe five genes related to inflammasome, including AXL, MKI67, CDKN3, BCL2 and PTGS2, are important for severe COVID-19 patients, and these molecules are related to the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Furthermore, AXL, MKI67, CDKN3, BCL2 and PTGS2 as a marker combination could be used as potential markers to identify severe COVID-19 patients.
Epidemiological trends for functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: A study combining multiple imputation with age adjustment
Authors: Luo Shuaiwu , Wang Jiakun , Wu Linquan , Wang Cong , Yang Jun , Li Min , Zhang Ligan , Ge Jin , Sun Chi , Li Enliang , Lei Jun , Liao Yuting , Zhou Fan , Liao Wenjun 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine trends in the incidence and incidence-based (IB) mortality of functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(F-PNETs), and to identify factors associated with survival times.MethodsData were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database from 2000 to 2017. Trends in the age-adjusted incidence of F-PNETs and IB mortality were examined using the Joinpoint Regression Program. Statistical analyses were run using chi-square tests, Kaplan–Meier curves, and the Cox proportional hazards model. Multiple imputation was used to deal with missing data.ResultsA total of 142 patients with F-PNETs met the study inclusion criteria. It was found that the incidence of F-PNETs decreased over the study period, with an annual percent change (APC) of -2. 5% (95% CI [-4. 3, -0. 5], P&lt;0. 05). This decrease was found to be significant for women, and also when limited to cases with distant disease or rare F-PNETs, with APCs of -4. 2% (95% CI [-7. 4, -0. 9], P&lt;0. 05), -6. 7% (95% CI [-10. 4, -2. 8], P&lt;0. 05), and -9. 1% (95% CI [-13. 5, -4. 4], P&lt;0. 05), respectively. The Cox regression analysis revealed that the tumor size, tumor stage, tumor type, and surgical resection were associated with F-PNETs mortality.ConclusionsThis was the first population-based epidemiological study of F-PNETs and we found a continual decrease in the incidence of F-PNETs from 2000 to 2017. The prognosis and survival times were closely related to the calendar year at diagnosis, tumor stage, and tumor size.
Detectable depth of unexposed parathyroid glands using near-infrared autofluorescence imaging in thyroid surgery
Authors: Han Young Seok , Kim Yikeun , Lee Hyoung Shin , Kim Yeongjoon , Ahn Yeh-Chan , Lee Kang Dae 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundNear-infrared light can penetrate the fat or connective tissues overlying the parathyroid gland (PG), enabling early localization of the PG by near-infrared autofluorescence (NIRAF) imaging. However, the depth at which the PG can be detected has not been reported. In this study, we investigated the detectable depth of unexposed PGs using NIRAF during thyroidectomy.Materials and methodsFifty-one unexposed PGs from 30 consecutive thyroidectomy patients, mapped by an experienced surgeon (K.D. Lee) with the use of NIRAF imaging, were included. For NIRAF detection of PGs, a lab-built camera imaging system was used. Detectable depths of the unexposed PGs were measured using a Vernier caliper. The NIRAF images were classified as faint or bright depending on whether a novice could successfully interpret the image as showing the PG. Data on variables that may affect detectable depth and NIRAF intensity were collected.ResultsDetectable depth ranged between 0.35 and 3.05 mm, with a mean of 1.23 ± 0.73 mm. The average NIRAF intensity of unexposed PGs was 3.13 au. After dissection of the overlying tissue, the intensity of the exposed PG increased to 4.88 au (p &lt; 0.001). No difference in NIRAF intensity between fat-covered (3.27 ± 0.90 au) and connective tissue-covered PGs (3.00 ± 1.23 au) was observed (p = 0.369). PGs covered by fat tissue (depth: 1.77 ± 0.67 mm) were found at deeper locations than those covered by connective tissue (depth: 0.70 ± 0.21 mm) (p &lt; 0.001). The brightness of images of the faint group (2.14 ± 0.48 au) was on average 1.24 au lower than that of the bright group (3.38 ± 1.04 au) (p = 0.001). A novice successfully localized 80.4% of the unexposed PGs. Other variables did not significantly affect detectable depth.ConclusionUnexposed PGs could be mapped using NIRAF imaging at a maximum depth of 3.05 mm and an average depth of 1.23 mm. A novice was able to localize the PGs before they were visible to the naked eye at a high rate. These results can be used as reference data for localization of unexposed PGs in thyroid surgery.
Wildfire risks under a changing climate: Synthesized assessments of wildfire risks over southwestern China
Authors: Xu Yuanxin , Guo Haiyan , Liu Jia , Sun Rui , Li Xiaolan 
Published: April 2023

Wildfire events in southwestern China resulted in catastrophic loss of property and human life, and the localized wildfire risks show differentiated trends under global warming scenarios. In the case of quantitating climate impacts and localizing wildfire risks, synthesized assessments of wildfire risks of high-incident areas in southwestern China are established and mapped in this article, constituted by three essential elements: hazard, vulnerability, and disaster prevention/mitigation capacity. The hazard group includes vegetation ignitability and fire spreading related to climate and topography factors. Public and economic characteristic elements belong to the vulnerability and disaster prevention/mitigation capacity group based on their functions and influences on wildfire events. Each aspect and group are rated by the historical wildfire site records and weighted by the entropy weight method and analytic hierarchy process. Assessments indicate that most very high wildfire risk girds are distributed in the west of 103°E and the north of 28°N, covering an area of over 26,500 km2, mainly in low-altitude suburban regions in basins and valleys with high climate hazards. The highly localized wildfire risk maps specified both stresses of fire prevention/mitigation in each grid cell and general spatial patterns of wildfire risks, thereby enhancing the understanding of both current and future patterns of wildfire risks and thus helping improve suppression and prevention policies.
Unleashing environmental performance: The impact of green entrepreneurial motivation on small enterprises
Authors: Al Shammre Abdullah Sultan , Alshebami Ali Saleh , Ali Seraj Abdullah Hamoud , Elshaer Ibrahim A. , Al Marri Salem Handhal 
Published: April 2023

Background: Environmental degradation has been annoying, pressuring enterprises to look for innovative ways to improve their operations, methods and products.Aim: This research identifies the key factors contributing to developing innovative behaviour among small enterprises in Saudi Arabia and their effect on environmental performance (EP).Method: The study collected a sample of 284 from different types of small enterprises operating in Saudi Arabia. The data collected were analysed using the partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM).Results: The study revealed interesting results. It was found that green entrepreneurial motivation (GEM) can positively and significantly influence green innovation (GI) as well as environmental performance. It was also found that green innovation can positively and significantly affect environmental performance. Finally, green innovation could mediate the relationship between green entrepreneurial motivation and environmental performance. Also, Knowledge sharing (KS) could moderate the relationship between green entrepreneurial motivation and green innovation.Conclusion: The study concluded by providing several recommendations for the policymakers in Saudi Arabia.
Reconstructing the ecological restoration pattern from the perspective of ecosystem health assessment in a typical black soil region of Northeast China
Authors: Feng Duo , Zhou Panpan , Wang Dongyan , Shi Pu 
Published: April 2023

Assessments on the spatial pattern of ecological restoration potential provide insights into the current status of ecosystem health, facilitate the identification of hotspots of ecosystem degradation, and further serves as a link that bridges regional ecological planning with specific restoration efforts. The goal of this study was to reconstruct the ecological restoration pattern, through establishing an ecosystem health assessment model encompassing four elements of vigor, organization, resilience and service of an ecosystem. Siping City, a typical black soil region located in central Jilin Province of Northeast China, was selected as the study area, and ecological protection and restoration units were identified based on temporal changes in ecosystem health levels from 2000 to 2020. Getis-Ord Gi* analysis was adopted to classify the restoration zones and depict the spatial pattern of ecological restoration. From 2000 to 2020, the ecosystem health index of Siping City generally increased from 0.49 to 0.51 due to increases in forestland area and precipitation, but a fraction of suburban areas also experienced decreases. Four different restoration zones were delineated, including the windbreak and sand-fixing zone in the western part, the black soil protection and reclamation zone in the middle part, the Daheishan ecological shelter zone in the central and eastern part, and the water restoration zone in the eastern part, which account for 28.12%, 37.05%, 16.53% and 18.29% of the total area. The protection units covered an area of 1,189.83 km2 and the restoration units covered an area of 2009.83 km2, which could be further classified into 10 types and accounted for 31.24% of the total area. It was suggested that the restoration methods applied to different units should be tailored towards specific restoration objectives. This proposed methodological framework serves as a basis for reconstructing ecological restoration in the black soil region, and a reference for making restoration plans elsewhere.
Potential bioactivities via anticancer, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties of cultured mycelial enriched β-D-glucan polysaccharides from a novel fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis OS8
Authors: Chatnarin Suwannachom , Thirabunyanon Mongkol 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundOphiocordyceps sinensis is well-known worldwide as a traditional medicine. An alternative natural source of O. sinensis is provided by mycelial cultivation. However, the bioactivities of cultured mycelial-enriched β-D-glucan polysaccharides from a novel fungus O. sinensis OS8 are still unknown.MethodsWe investigated the potential bioactivities via anticancer, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory polysaccharides (OS8P) produced from cultured mycelia of O. sinensis OS8. This strain is a novel fungus isolated from natural O. sinensis, which is further cultured by submerged mycelial cultivation for polysaccharide production.ResultsThe yield of mycelial biomass was 23.61 g/l, and it contained 306.1 mg/100 g of adenosine and 3.22 g/100 g of polysaccharides. This OS8P was enriched with β-D-glucan at 56.92% and another form of α-D-glucan at 35.32%. The main components of OS8P were dodecamethyl pentasiloxane, 2,6-bis (methylthiomethyl) pyridine, 2-(4-pyrimidinyl)-1H-Benzimidazole, and 2-Chloro-4-(4-nitroanilino)-6-(O-toluidino)-1,3,5-triazine at the rates of 32.5, 20.0, 17.5, and 16.25%, respectively. The growth of colon cancer cells (HT-29) was significantly inhibited by OS8P, with IC50 value of 202.98 µg/ml, and encouraged apoptosis in HT-29 cells as confirmed by morphological change analysis via AO/PI and DAPI staining, DNA fragmentation, and scanning electron microscopic observations. In addition, significant antioxidant activity was demonstrated by OS8P through DPPH and ABTS assays, with IC50 values of 0.52 and 2.07 mg/ml, respectively. The OS8P also exhibited suitable immunomodulatory activities that significantly enhanced (P&lt; 0.05) the induction of splenocyte proliferation.ConclusionThe OS8P enriched with β-D-glucan polysaccharides and produced by submerged mycelial culture of a new fungal strain of O. sinensis OS8 strongly inhibited the proliferation of colon cancer cells without any cytotoxicity against normal cells. The potential effect of the OS8P on the cancer cells was due to the stimulation of apoptosis. Also, the OS8P exhibited good antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities. The results indicate that OS8P has promising applications in the functional food industry and/or therapeutic agents for colon cancer.
Bacteroides fragilis strain ZY-312 facilitates colonic mucosa regeneration in colitis via motivating STAT3 signaling pathway induced by IL-22 from ILC3 secretion
Authors: Zhang Wendi , Zhou Qian , Liu Hongbin , Xu Jiahui , Huang Ruo , Shen Binhai , Guo Yandong , Ai Xiuyun , Xu Jun , Zhao Xinmei , Liu Yangyang , Wang Ye , Zhi Fachao 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionProbiotics play critical roles in relieving inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the underlying mechanism of Bacteroides fragilis strain ZY-312 (B. fragilis) for colonic mucosa regeneration in IBD remains unclear.MethodsThe weight loss, disease activity index (DAI), colon length, and histopathology-associated index (HAI) were evaluated the therapeutic effects of B. fragilis in a DSS-induced colitis mouse model. Colonic mucosa proliferation and apoptosis level, and mucus density were detected by histological stain. Gut microbiota was sequenced by 16srRNA analysis. The expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation in colonic mucosa was detected in B. fragilis-treated mice in colitis. B. fragilis-regulated immunity factors of motivating downstream STAT3 phosphorylation were screened by ELISA and flow cytometry. Lastly, B. fragilis-mediated colonic mucosa regeneration effects were verified though the knockout of STAT3 (Stat3△IEC) and IL-22 (IL-22-/-) in mice, and inhibitor of STAT3 and IL-22 in co-culture model.ResultsB. fragilis alleviated DSS-induced colitis in mice with less weight loss, DAI, colon length shortening, and HAI. Further the results showed that B. fragilis motivated STAT3 phosphorylation in colonic mucosa with the upregulation of proliferation index Ki-67 and mucus density, the downregulation of apoptosis level, and the modulation of gut microbiota through a Stat3△IEC mice model and STAT3 inhibitor-added model in vitro. Meanhwhile we found that B. fragilis promoted IL-22 production, and increased the percentage of IL-22-secreting type 3 innate lymphocytes (ILC3) in colitis. Consequently, We identified that B. fragilis did not increase the expression of pSTAT3, either proliferation level, mucus density, or alter gut microbiota in IL-22-/- mice.DiscussionB. fragilis may indirectly motivate ILC3 to secrete IL-22, followed by IL-22-induced STAT3 phosphorylation, hence promoting colonic mucosa regeneration in colitis. It indicates that B. fragilis has the potential to be a biological agent for IBD therapy.