bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survival of the Exeter V40 short revision (44/00/125) stem when used in primary total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Evans Jonathan T. , Salar Omer , Whitehouse Sarah L. , Sayers Adrian , Whitehouse Michael R. , Wilton Timothy , Hubble Matthew J. W. 
Published: May 2023

AimsThe Exeter V40 femoral stem is the most implanted stem in the National Joint Registry (NJR) for primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). In 2004, the 44/00/125 stem was released for use in ‘cement-in-cement’ revision cases. It has, however, been used ‘off-label’ as a primary stem when patient anatomy requires a smaller stem with a 44 mm offset. We aimed to investigate survival of this implant in comparison to others in the range when used in primary THAs recorded in the NJR.MethodsWe analyzed 328,737 primary THAs using the Exeter V40 stem, comprising 34.3% of the 958,869 from the start of the NJR to December 2018. Our exposure was the stem, and the outcome was all-cause construct revision. We stratified analyses into four groups: constructs using the 44/00/125 stem, those using the 44/0/150 stem, those including a 35.5/125 stem, and constructs using any other Exeter V40 stem.ResultsIn all 328,737 THAs using an Exeter V40 stem, the revision estimate was 2.8% (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.7 to 2.8). The 44/00/125 stem was implanted in 2,158 primary THAs, and the ten-year revision estimate was 4.9% (95% CI 3.6 to 6.8). Controlling for age, sex, year of operation, indication, and American Society of Anesthesiologists grade demonstrated an increased overall hazard of revision for constructs using the 44/00/125 stem compared to constructs using other Exeter V40 femoral stems (hazard ratio 1.8 (95% CI 1.4 to 2.3)).ConclusionAlthough the revision estimate is within the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence ten-year benchmark, survivorship of constructs using the 44/00/125 stem appears to be lower than the rest of the range. Adjusted analyses will not take into account ‘confounding by indication’, e.g. patients with complex anatomy who may have a higher risk of revision. Surgeons and patients should be reassured but be aware of the observed increased revision estimate, and only use this stem when other implants are not suitable.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(5):504–510.
Patterns of symptoms and insufficiency fractures in patients with tumour-induced osteomalacia
Authors: Kobayashi Hiroshi , Ito Nobuaki , Nakai Yudai , Katoh Hajime , Okajima Koichi , Zhang Liuzhe , Tsuda Yusuke , Tanaka Sakae 
Published: May 2023

AimsThe aim of this study was to report the patterns of symptoms and insufficiency fractures in patients with tumour-induced osteomalacia (TIO) to allow the early diagnosis of this rare condition.MethodsThe study included 33 patients with TIO who were treated between January 2000 and June 2022. The causative tumour was detected in all patients. We investigated the symptoms and evaluated the radiological patterns of insufficiency fractures of the rib, spine, and limbs.ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 57 years (24 to 87), and the mean duration of pain from onset to time of presentation was 3.9 years (0.75 to 23). The primary symptoms were low back pain (ten patients), chest wall pain (eight patients), and hip pain (eight patients). There were symptoms at more sites at the time of presentation compared with that at the time of the onset of symptoms. Bone scans showed the uptake of tracer in the rib (100%), thoracic and lumbar vertebrae (83%), proximal femur (62%), distal femur (66%), and proximal tibia (72%). Plain radiographs or MRI scans identified femoral neck fractures in 14 patients, subchondral insufficiency fractures of the femoral head and knee in ten and six patients, respectively, distal femoral fractures in nine patients, and proximal tibial fractures in 12 patients. Thoracic or lumbar vertebral fractures were identified in 23 of 29 patients (79.3%) when using any imaging study, and a biconcave deformity was the most common type of fracture.ConclusionInsufficiency fractures in patients with TIO caused spinal pain, chest wall pain, and periarticular pain in the lower limbs. Vertebral fractures tended to be biconcave deformities, and periarticular fractures of the hips and knees included subchondral insufficiency fractures and epiphyseal or metaphyseal fractures. In patients with a tumour, the presence of one or more of these symptoms and an insufficiency fracture should suggest the diagnosis of TIO.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(5):568–574.
Which Unified Classification System type B periprosthetic fractures around cemented polished tapered stems should not be fixed?
Authors: Scott Chloe E. H. , Jain Sameer , Moran Matt , Haddad Fares S. 
Published: May 2023

The Unified Classification System (UCS), or Vancouver system, is a validated and widely used classification system to guide the management of periprosthetic femoral fractures. It suggests that well-fixed stems (type B1) can be treated with fixation but that loose stems (types B2 and B3) should be revised. Determining whether a stem is loose can be difficult and some authors have questioned how to apply this classification system to polished taper slip stems which are, by definition, loose within their cement mantle. Recent evidence has challenged the common perception that revision surgery is preferable to fixation surgery for UCS-B periprosthetic fractures around cemented polished taper slip stems. Indications for fixation include an anatomically reducible fracture and cement mantle, a well-fixed femoral bone-cement interface, and a well-functioning acetabular component. However, not all type B fractures can or should be managed with fixation due to the risk of early failure. This annotation details specific fracture patterns that should not be managed with fixation alone.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(5):481–486.
Comparative Effect of Biofillers in pMDI Resin Performance
Authors: Alawode Abiodun , Owofadeju Femi Kehinde , Musah Munkaila , Asafu-Adjaye Osei , Via Brian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This study investigated the feasibility of using wood flour (WF) as a partial substitute in polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (pMDI) resin and compared its performance with soy flour (SF) substituted in pMDI resin. The physical and mechanical properties of experimental particleboards made with WF and SF substituted in pMDI resin at different substitution percentages were evaluated. The viscosity for the WF at different substitution ratios (5%, 10%, 20%, and 30%) ranged from 314.7 to 6,256.3 cP, whereas SF-substituted resin ranged from 249.7 to 1,291.8 cP. During the production of the boards, it was observed that because of the high viscosity of WF substituted in pMDI resin above 10 percent, it was exceedingly difficult to apply it through spraying and brushing, either to wood particles or veneers. Dimensional stability test results established that the incorporation of SF assisted in mitigating board thickness swelling. The results from the study showed that panels made with SF substituted in pMDI resin at 5 and 10 percent exhibited the overall best performance in all the properties considered compared with panels made with WF substituted in pMDI resin.
Evaluation of the impact of non-slip socks on the motor recovery of elderly people in acute care hospitals: Protocol for a randomized, controlled trial study
Authors: Rulleau Thomas , Planche Lucie , Dorion Agnès , Soldani Girolamo , Blain Cécile , Chapeleau Catherine , Bleher Yves , Da Silva Cécile , Launeau Nathalie , Joguet Emmanuelle , Fevrier Ronan , Decours Romain 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundOlder patients often arrive in acute care wards with inappropriate footwear. Hospitals may provide non-slip socks to improve the patients’ safety. However, few studies have been conducted on the benefits of non-slip socks. A recent literature review found only two randomized controlled studies that evaluated non-slip socks, but the socks were not the primary focus of the studies. The aim of this study is therefore to specifically evaluate the benefits of non-slip socks on gait in hospitalized older people.MethodsThis open, randomized, controlled trial will include patients aged 75 years and over, hospitalized in an acute medical unit. Patients will be randomized to either remain barefoot or wear non-slip socks throughout their stay. The primary outcome is gait speed, assessed on Day 1 and Day 8.DiscussionThis randomized controlled trial should provide clinicians with a scientific rational for the recommendation, or not, of the use of non-slip socks for older patients in acute care hospitals.Trial registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/on May 12, 2021 under the reference:NCT04882696https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04882696
One-year discontinuation among users of the contraceptive pill and injection in South East Tigray region, Ethiopia
Authors: Gebrslasie Kahsay Zenebe , Berhe Gebretsadik , Taddese Haftom , Weldemariam Solomon , Gebre Gelawdiyos , Amano Abdella , Birhane Daniel , Berihu Gebrehud , Kassa Munir , Weldegebriel Mulu , Haile Ezana 
Published: May 2023

Objectives
The aim of this study is to determine the 12 months’ discontinuation rate and associated factors among family planning clients using pills and injection.

Methods
A follow-up study was initiated to collect data from 845 family planning users between November 2017 and December 2018. An interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect data from participants. Data were entered into EpiData version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 20, where both are open-source systems. A Cox proportional-hazards model was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) for the rate of discontinuation among participants.

Result
At 12 months, 63.5% of women discontinued the use of their baseline method. For the individual methods, 84% of women that chose the pill discontinued its use and for those using the injectable, 60.7% of women discontinued its use. Using the adjusted Cox proportional-hazards model, pills users (HR = 1.77; 95%CI = [1.4–2.3]), users receiving family planning services in the same room as other maternal health clinic services (HR 1.58; 95%CI = [1.16–2.2]), users served by health officers (HR = 3.7; 95%CI = [1.66–8.2]), and users not intending to use the baseline method continuously (HR = 1.6; 95%CI = [1.16–2.24]) were significantly more likely to discontinue using the baseline method. The main reason cited for discontinuation was side effects of contraception.

Conclusions
The discontinuation rate of the baseline contraceptive method after 12 months was very high. To increase the continuity of contraceptive use, family planning services should be given in a separate room with effective counseling on potential side effects, provided by midwives or nurses who have good counseling skills.
Multifocal Pyloric Gland Adenoma of the Esophagus Treated by Circumferential Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection
Authors: Lee Howard D. , Magulick John P. , Quiles John G. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Pyloric gland adenoma is a rare neoplasm of the gastrointestinal tract typically observed in the stomach with a substantial malignant potential warranting its resection. While isolated esophageal pyloric gland adenoma has been reported, there is no literature on the encounter of diffuse, multifocal esophageal pyloric gland adenoma or its management. We present a unique case of multifocal pyloric gland adenoma of the esophagus treated by circumferential endoscopic submucosal dissection. We demonstrate endoscopic submucosal dissection to be a feasible management option.
Salary Review of Strength and Conditioning Coaches: 2022 Survey Results
Authors: Cormier Tom 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
In 2022, NSCA members were asked to participate in a salary survey. The survey contained questions regarding pay, market, education level, experience, and other employment and economic variables. In total, 2286 coaches responded. Of those who responded, 20% of coaches were female, 57% obtained their master's degree, and 85% completed a degree in an exercise-related field. Regarding salary, the average income for strength and conditioning coaches increased since 2018. In 2022, average earnings by market ranged from $60,527 to $84,575. The highest average salary and highest total salary belonged to coaches working in professional sports. Salary trends demonstrated that higher education, years of experience, senior positions, and working in a higher professional league influenced higher earning potential. The results provided should allow strength and conditioning coaches to review compensation packages and manage income-driven decisions.
Structural Preservation Does Not Ensure Function at Sensory Ia–Motoneuron Synapses following Peripheral Nerve Injury and Repair
Authors: Rotterman Travis M. , García Violet V. , Housley Stephen N. , Nardelli Paul , Sierra Rommy , Fix Caitlin E. , Cope Timothy C. 
Published: May 2023

Injury that severs peripheral nerves often results in long-lasting motor behavioral deficits and in reorganization of related spinal motor circuitry, neither of which reverse even after nerve regeneration. Stretch areflexia and gait ataxia, for example, emerge from a combination of factors including degeneration of Ia–motoneuron synapses between peripherally damaged Ia muscle spindle afferents and motoneurons. Based on evidence that nerve injury acts via immune responses to induce synapse degeneration, we hypothesized that suppressing inflammatory responses would preserve Ia–motoneuron connectivity and aid in restoring normal function. We tested our hypothesis by administering the anti-inflammatory agent minocycline in male and female rats following axotomy of a peripheral nerve. The connectivity of Ia–motoneuron synapses was then assessed both structurally and functionally at different time points. We found that minocycline treatment overcame the physical loss of Ia contacts on motoneurons which are otherwise lost after axotomy. While necessary for functional recovery, synaptic preservation was not sufficient to overcome functional decline expressed as smaller than normal stretch-evoked synaptic potentials evoked monosynaptically at Ia–motoneuron connections and an absence of the stretch reflex. These findings demonstrate a limited capacity of minocycline to rescue normal sensorimotor behavior, illustrating that structural preservation of synaptic connectivity does not ensure normal synaptic function.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHere we demonstrate that acute treatment with the semisynthetic tetracycline anti-inflammatory agent minocycline permanently prevents the comprehensive loss of synaptic contacts made between sensory neurons and spinal motoneurons following peripheral nerve injury and eventual regeneration. Treatment failed, however, to rescue normal function of those synapses or the reflex circuit they mediate. These findings demonstrate that preventing synaptic disconnection alone is not sufficient to restore neural circuit operation and associated sensorimotor behaviors.
Spinal Basis of Direction Control during Locomotion in Larval Zebrafish
Authors: Jay Michael , MacIver Malcolm A. , McLean David L. 
Published: May 2023

Navigation requires steering and propulsion, but how spinal circuits contribute to direction control during ongoing locomotion is not well understood. Here, we use drifting vertical gratings to evoke directed “fictive” swimming in intact but immobilized larval zebrafish while performing electrophysiological recordings from spinal neurons. We find that directed swimming involves unilateral changes in the duration of motor output and increased recruitment of motor neurons, without impacting the timing of spiking across or along the body. Voltage-clamp recordings from motor neurons reveal increases in phasic excitation and inhibition on the side of the turn. Current-clamp recordings from premotor interneurons that provide phasic excitation or inhibition reveal two types of recruitment patterns. A direction-agnostic pattern with balanced recruitment on the turning and nonturning sides is primarily observed in excitatory V2a neurons with ipsilateral descending axons, while a direction-sensitive pattern with preferential recruitment on the turning side is dominated by V2a neurons with ipsilateral bifurcating axons. Inhibitory V1 neurons are also divided into direction-sensitive and direction-agnostic subsets, although there is no detectable morphologic distinction. Our findings support the modular control of steering and propulsion by spinal premotor circuits, where recruitment of distinct subsets of excitatory and inhibitory interneurons provide adjustments in direction while on the move.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSpinal circuits play an essential role in coordinating movements during locomotion. However, it is unclear how they participate in adjustments in direction that do not interfere with coordination. Here we have developed a system using larval zebrafish that allows us to directly record electrical signals from spinal neurons during “fictive” swimming guided by visual cues. We find there are subsets of spinal interneurons for coordination and others that drive unilateral asymmetries in motor neuron recruitment for direction control. Our findings suggest a modular organization of spinal premotor circuits that enables uninterrupted adjustments in direction during ongoing locomotion.
The Reach Up Parenting Program, Child Development, and Maternal Depression: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Jervis Pamela , Coore-Hall Jacqueline , Pitchik Helen O. , Arnold Charles D. , Grantham-McGregor Sally , Rubio-Codina Marta , Baker-Henningham Helen , Fernald Lia C.H. , Hamadani Jena , Smith Joanne A. , Trias Julieta , Walker Susan P. 
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Evidence is needed on effective approaches to build parents’ ability to promote child development feasible in low- and middle-income countries. Our objective was to synthesize impact of the Reach Up early childhood parenting program in several low- and middle-income countries and examine moderation by family and implementation characteristics.

METHODS
Systematic search using PubMed and Academic Search Elite/EBSCO Host. Randomized controlled trials of the Reach Up program from 1985 to February 2022 were selected. Data were extracted by 2 independent researchers. Primary outcomes were child cognitive, language, and motor development. Secondary outcomes were home stimulation and maternal depressive symptoms. We synthesized pooled effect sizes using random effect inverse-variance weighting and effect modification by testing pooled subgroup effect estimates using the χ2 test for heterogeneity.

RESULTS
Average effect size across 18 studies ranged from 0.49 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.32 to 0.66) for cognition, 0.38 (CI 0.24 to 0.51) for language, 0.27 (CI 0.13 to 0.40) for motor development, 0.37 (CI 0.21 to 0.54) for home stimulation, and –0.09 (CI –0.19 to 0.01) for maternal depressive symptoms. Impacts were larger in studies targeted to undernourished children, with mean enrollment older than age 12 months and intervention duration 6 to 12 months. Quality of evidence assessed with the Cochrane Assessment of Risk of Bias and GRADE system was moderate. Instruments used to assess child development varied. In moderator analyses, some subgroups included few studies.

CONCLUSIONS
Reach Up benefits child development and home stimulation and is adaptable across cultures and delivery methods. Child and implementation characteristics modified the effects, with implications for scaling.
Speciation and antifungal susceptibility pattern of Candida isolated from blood and body fluids
Authors: Kaur Kiranjeet , Aijaz Nusrat 
Published: May 2023

infections are increasing now a day due to various factors. The present study was carried out to study the speciation and antifungal susceptibility pattern of isolated from blood and body fluids. Blood and body fluids received in the mycology laboratory of Microbiology Department, AIMSR, over a period of six months were included. After microscopy, culture was done. The spp. were diagnosed on the basis of colony characteristics, Gram staining and Germ tube testing and identification by Automated Vitek 2 system. Antifungal susceptibility testing was done by using YST08 cards. A total of 735 samples received, 53 showed Candida spp. Maximum spp. isolated from blood 23 (43.39%), followed by pleural fluid 14 (26.4%). were 24(45.3%) followed by 11(20.75%), 9(16.98%) 7(13.20%). spp. were sensitive to Amphotericin B and resistant to Fluconazole.
Association of demographic variables in COVID-19 infected patients with their recovery status: A pilot study in Dhaka city
Authors: Karmaker Mousumi , Moniruzzaman Mohammad , Dey Sima Rani , Nur Jesmin , Rana Shohel , Rahman Fatema Binte , Bhowmik Joy 
Published: May 2023

Identifying the relationship between demographical factors with COVID-19 infection could demonstrate some prevention strategies of “possible super-spreaders”.To evaluate the correlation between recovery and demographic characteristics of COVID-19-infected patientsA descriptive type of study to demonstrate the 200 COVID-19 infections with various demographical variables by using a questionnaire. The survey consisted of 64-close ended queries, including a short summary of the study background, purpose, procedures, privacy contract, and knowledgeable consent form.For statistical analysis Independent T-test or ANOVA test and SPSS version 25 (IBM, USA) and STATA 15 were used.The male-female ratio of COVID-19 infected patients is 115:100. 50% of patients have never attended social gatherings before getting COVID-19 infection. Social events were visited by 44% of the participants. 47.24% need hospitalization during the positive period, whereas 52.76% recovered at home. Respondents older than 40 years required oxygen support for recovery (p&#60; 0.05). The most common symptoms were loss of smell and taste (53%), headache (48%) body pain (38%), and, fever (33%) in the first-time infection however, these symptoms decreased by Second- and third-time re-infection. Similarly, 20% of patients need oxygen support the first time of infection; it decreased by 10% the second time and 4% the third time. There is a statistically significant difference in the mean recovery time between the people from different professions (p&#60; 0.05). The recovery time of COVID-19 infections is associated with age, profession, and the number of COVID-19 infection times.