bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Observation of urinary tract infection signs and symptoms in nursing home residents with impaired awareness or ability to communicate signs and symptoms: The development of supportive tools
Authors: van Eijk Jorna , Rutten Jeanine J. S. , Hertogh Cees M. P. M. , Smalbrugge Martin , van Buul Laura W. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundAntibiotics are often inappropriately prescribed for urinary tract infections (UTIs) in nursing home (NH) residents. Research emphasises the importance of prescribing antibiotics only if there are UTI‐related signs and symptoms (S&S). However, for many NH residents it is challenging to find out whether such S&S are present, for example due to cognitive disorders.ObjectivesTo provide insight into the assessment of UTI‐related S&S in NH residents with impaired awareness or ability to communicate S&S, and to develop supportive tools for the observation of UTI‐related S&S in this subgroup of NH residents, by nursing staff.MethodsWe performed a practice‐based study using mixed methods. Data of 295 cases of suspected UTI were analysed to determine how often UTI‐related S&S were ‘not assessed/non‐assessable’ in residents with and without dementia. Barriers and facilitators in observing UTI‐related S&S in NH residents with impaired awareness or ability to communicate S&S were derived from interviews and focus groups with nursing staff. Literature review, focus group data, additional telephone interviews and questionnaires with nursing staff were used in a step‐by‐step process, including pilot testing, to develop supportive tools for the observation of UTI‐related S&S.ResultsUTI‐related S&S were assessable in the majority of NH residents with dementia. The proportion ‘not assessed/non‐assessable’ S&S in residents with dementia increased with increasing severity of dementia. In residents with very severe dementia, up to 58% of the S&S were ‘not assessed/non‐assessable’. Knowing the resident, working methodologically, and being sufficiently skilled to interpret observations in residents facilitate the assessment of UTI‐related S&S. Insights acquired during the different study elements resulted in the development of an observation checklist and a 24‐h observation tool.ConclusionsThe more NH residents have impaired awareness of ability to communicate S&S, the more difficult it seems to be to assess UTI‐related S&S. The observation checklist and 24‐h observation tool developed in the current study may support nursing staff in their observation of UTI‐related S&S in this group of NH residents.
Multiomics analysis reveals a link between Brassica‐specific miR1885 and rapeseed tolerance to low temperature
Authors: Xu Pengfei , Zhang Wenting , Wang Xuan , Zhu Yantao , Liang Wanqi , He Yuke , Yu Xiang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBrassica crops include various edible vegetable and plant oil crops, and their production is limited by low temperature beyond their tolerant capability. The key regulators of low‐temperature resistance in Brassica remain largely unexplored. To identify posttranscriptional regulators of plant response to low temperature, we performed small RNA profiling, and found that 16 known miRNAs responded to cold treatment in Brassica rapa. The cold response of seven of those miRNAs were further confirmed by qRT‐PCR and/or northern blot analyses. In parallel, a genome‐wide association study of 220 accessions of Brassica napus identified four candidate MIRNA genes, all of which were cold‐responsive, at the loci associated with low‐temperature resistance. Specifically, these large‐scale data analyses revealed a link between miR1885 and the plant response to low temperature in both B. rapa and B. napus. Using 5′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends approach, we validated that miR1885 can cleave its putative target gene transcripts, Bn.TIR.A09 and Bn.TNL.A03, in B. napus. Furthermore, overexpression of miR1885 in Semiwinter type B. napus decreased the mRNA abundance of Bn.TIR.A09 and Bn.TNL.A03 and resulted in increased sensitivity to low temperature. Knocking down of miR1885 in Spring type B. napus led to increased mRNA abundance of its targets and improved rapeseed tolerance to low temperature. Together, our results suggested that the loci of miR1885 and its targets could be potential candidates for the molecular breeding of low temperature‐tolerant Spring type Brassica crops.
Combined genomics to discover genes associated with tolerance to soil carbonate
Authors: Busoms Silvia , Pérez‐Martín Laura , Terés Joana , Huang Xin‐Yuan , Yant Levi , Tolrà Roser , Salt David E. , Poschenrieder Charlotte 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCarbonate‐rich soils limit plant performance and crop production. Previously, local adaptation to carbonated soils was detected in wild Arabidopsis thaliana accessions, allowing the selection of two demes with contrasting phenotypes: A1 (carbonate tolerant, c+) and T6 (carbonate sensitive, c−). Here, A1(c+) and T6(c−) seedlings were grown hydroponically under control (pH 5.9) and bicarbonate conditions (10 mM NaHCO3, pH 8.3) to obtain ionomic profiles and conduct transcriptomic analysis. In parallel, A1(c+) and T6(c−) parental lines and their progeny were cultivated on carbonated soil to evaluate fitness and segregation patterns. To understand the genetic architecture beyond the contrasted phenotypes, a bulk segregant analysis sequencing (BSA‐Seq) was performed. Transcriptomics revealed 208 root and 2503 leaf differentially expressed genes in A1(c+) versus T6(c−) comparison under bicarbonate stress, mainly involved in iron, nitrogen and carbon metabolism, hormones and glycosylates biosynthesis. Based on A1(c+) and T6(c−) genome contrasts and BSA‐Seq analysis, 69 genes were associated with carbonate tolerance. Comparative analysis of genomics and transcriptomics discovered a final set of 18 genes involved in bicarbonate stress responses that may have relevant roles in soil carbonate tolerance.
Moral framing and referendum politics: Navigating the empathy battlefield
Authors: Atikcan Ece Özlem , Hand Karen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFrames enable individuals to locate and label occurrences within their life space and the world at large. In this article, we study the framing of moral issues with the help of Moral Foundations Theory and by relying on rich qualitative data. Existing studies are primarily based on laboratory experiments, without a focus on how such processes are shaped in a real‐life setting. Through a detailed study of the 2018 Irish referendum on abortion, we ask: How is moral framing used in a referendum setting? This case is important not only because referendum campaigns may have higher chances of influencing public opinion than election campaigns but also because of the highly contentious nature of abortion and the recent societal changes in the Irish context. Based on in‐depth semi‐structured interviews with campaigners and politicians, as well as focus groups with voters, we find that the campaigners from opposing sides used moral foundations (the Care foundation) deliberately in their campaign to appeal to undecided voters, focusing on the health of women or the plight of unborn babies. Our findings also show that not every moral foundation is relevant for the campaigners due to the national and historical context.
How did GVC‐trade respond to previous health shocks? Evidence from SARS and MERS
Authors: Shingal Anirudh , Agarwal Prachi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA health crisis can impact GVCs adversely by raising bilateral trade costs and via supply‐ and demand‐side shocks in the exporting and importing countries. Focusing on trade in select GVC‐intensive sectors, we disentangle the effects of these different channels in the context of SARS and MERS in a structural gravity framework. The estimated effects are found to be small in magnitude and show significant heterogeneity by sector, channel and disease outbreak. SARS‐induced rise in bilateral trade costs is found to reduce the export value and number of products traded of both intermediate and final goods, while similar adverse effects from MERS are only observed on intermediate goods export value. There is more evidence for the adverse effects of supply‐shocks from both SARS and MERS in our results, while the expected negative effects of the demand‐shock are only observed for MERS. The SARS effects are found to diminish over time, pointing to resilience of the associated value‐chains. We also find suggestive evidence for SARS in particular being associated with geographical diversification and widening of value‐chains.
Nominal ellipsis reveals concord in Moksha Mordvin
Authors: Privizentseva Mariia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOn the basis of original data from Moksha Mordvin (Finno‐Ugric), I argue that some languages have nominal concord even though modifiers of the noun generally do not show inflection. Evidence for the presence of concord comes from nominal ellipsis, under which inflection is phonologically realized and restricted in the same way as regular nominal concord. To account for the distribution of concord exponents, I develop a model that allows features to be present in syntax but avoid realization. In particular, I propose that (i) Spellout applies to a node as soon as its Merge and Agree features are satisfied and (ii) Agree features are by default illegible at PF and need to undergo an operation called Probe Conversion in order to become accessible to PF processes. The distribution of features then follows from the relative timing of Spellout and Probe Conversion.
Personal, Political and Public: Socio‐Legal Changes from a Relational Perspective
Authors: Hall Sarah Marie 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe paper offers a response to Kath Browne and Catherine Nash's paper ‘From hegemonic to where?’. Building on their influential body of work and expanding upon further empirical research across Ireland, Canada and the UK, their paper is a direct examination of the views and experiences of those concerned about socio‐legal challenges in sexuality and gender. With my responses and provocations, I gesture towards a relational geographical framing, focusing on three main themes: the everyday and relationality, experience and difference, and praxis and allyship.
Randomized comparison of in vivo performance of TearLab® and I‐PEN® osmometry in normal dogs
Authors: Kim Hyun‐wook , Kim Joon‐Young 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare tear film (TF) osmolarity measured using TearLab® and I‐PEN® osmometers in the same dogs without any ocular surface disease.Animal StudiedFifty‐two dogs (98 eyes) of different breeds were evaluated.ProceduresTear film (TF) osmolarity was evaluated at 2‐min intervals. The test was randomly determined, and single measurements were performed using each osmometer. Subsequently, complete ophthalmologic examinations were performed based on Schirmer tear test‐1 (STT‐1) analysis, tear film breakup time (TFBUT), and slit‐lamp biomicroscopy. For each osmometer, the mean ± standard deviation of the TF osmolarity was calculated, and a paired Student's t‐test was used to compare the values obtained. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to assess the association between osmolarity and other values such as STT‐1, TFBUT, and age.ResultsTear film osmolarity determined using TearLab® (340.42 ± 15.87 mOsm/L) and I‐PEN® (321.58 ± 17.39 mOsm/L) were significantly different (p < .001). However, statistical significance could not be confirmed between osmolarity and other values, such as STT‐1, TFBUT, and age.ConclusionsIn dogs, the TF osmolarity values obtained using TearLab® tend to be higher than those obtained using I‐PEN®, contrary to that observed in humans. These findings can serve as a reference for establishing normal values for each osmometer for clinical use in measuring TF osmolarity in dogs.
Plasma resuscitation improves and restores intestinal microcirculatory physiology following haemorrhagic shock
Authors: Schucht Jessica E. , Harbrecht Brian G. , Bond Logan M. , Risinger William B. , Matheson Paul J. , Smith Jason W. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesIntestinal ischaemia–reperfusion injury following resuscitated haemorrhagic shock (HS) leads to endothelial and microcirculatory dysfunction and intestinal barrier breakdown. Although vascular smooth muscle machinery remains intact, microvascular vasoconstriction occurs secondary to endothelial cell dysfunction, resulting in further ischaemia and organ injury. Resuscitation with fresh frozen plasma (FFP) improves blood flow, stabilizes the endothelial glycocalyx and alleviates organ injury. We postulate these improvements correlate with decreased tissue CO2 concentrations, improved microvascular oxygenation and attenuation of intestinal microvascular endothelial dysfunction.Materials and MethodsMale Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly assigned to groups (n = 8/group): (1) sham, (2) HS (40% mean arterial blood pressure [MAP], 60 min) + crystalloid resuscitation (CR) (shed blood saline) and (3) HS + FFP (shed blood + FFP). MAP, heart rate (HR), ileal perfusion, pO2 and pCO2 were measured at intervals until 4 h post‐resuscitation (post‐RES). At 4 h post‐RES, the ileum was rinsed in situ with Krebs solution. Topical acetylcholine and then nitroprusside were applied for 10 min each. Serum was obtained, and after euthanasia, tissues were harvested and snap‐frozen in liquid N2 and stored at −80°C.ResultsFFP resuscitation resulted in sustained ileal perfusion as well as rapid sustained return to baseline microvascular pO2 and pCO2 values when compared to CR (p < 0.05). Endothelial function was preserved relative to sham in the FFP group but not in the CR group (p < 0.05).ConclusionFFP‐based resuscitation improves intestinal perfusion immediately following resuscitation, which correlates with improved tissue oxygenation and decreased tissue CO2 levels. CR resulted in significant damage to endothelial vasodilation response to acetylcholine, while FFP preserved this function.
Benchtop Models of Patient-Specific Intraventricular Flow During Heart Failure and LVAD Support
Authors: Vu Vi , Rossini Lorenzo , del Alamo Juan C. , Dembitsky Walter , Gray Richard A. , May-Newman Karen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The characterization of intraventricular flow is critical to evaluate the efficiency of fluid transport and potential thromboembolic risk but challenging to measure directly in advanced heart failure (HF) patients with left ventricular assist device (LVAD) support. The study aims to validate an in-house mock loop (ML) by simulating specific conditions of HF patients with normal and prosthetic mitral valves (MV) and LVAD patients with small and dilated left ventricle volumes, then comparing the flow-related indices result of vortex parameters, residence time (RT), and shear-activation potential (SAP). Patient-specific inputs for the ML studies included heart rate, end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes, ejection fraction, aortic pressure, E/A ratio, and LVAD speed. The ML effectively replicated vortex development and circulation patterns, as well as RT, particularly for HF patient cases. The LVAD velocity fields reflected altered flow paths, in which all or most incoming blood formed a dominant stream directing flow straight from the mitral valve to the apex. RT estimation of patient and ML compared well for all conditions, but SAP was substantially higher in the LVAD cases of the ML. The benchtop system generated comparable and reproducible hemodynamics and fluid dynamics for patient-specific conditions, validating its reliability and clinical relevance. This study demonstrated that ML is a suitable platform to investigate the fluid dynamics of HF and LVAD patients and can be utilized to investigate heart–implant interactions.
Discussion on “Three-Dimensional Stagnation Point Flow and Heat Transfer of a Dusty Fluid Toward a Stretching Sheet, M. R. Mohaghegh, and A. B. Rahimi, 2016, ASME J. Heat Mass Transfer-Trans. ASME, 138(11), p. 112001”
Authors: Pantokratoras Asterios 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
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Investigate on Failure Mechanism of Basalt Filament Wound Composite Pipe Under External Loads
Authors: Zhang Jie , Yang Rui , Sun Haoming , Xiang Dong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Nonmetallic composite pipes are one of the most effective ways to transport hydrogen. Basalt fiber materials can be used on hydrogen pipes, and simulation models of composite pipe under plate and spherical indenter loads were established to study the effects of structure parameters on the pipe's mechanical behavior and failure modes. The results show that the matrix is the weakest part of the composite pipe under spherical indenter load, the failure areas of each fiber layer change for winding angle. The ultimate load decreases with the increasing of diameter-thickness ratio, and that increases with a deviation of the fiber winding angle from the axial direction, the indent depth increases with the increasing of diameter-thickness ratio. Under plate load, the final deformation of composite pipe is affected by the fiber winding angle and diameter-thickness ratio. The weak part of composite pipe changes due to the fiber winding angle, but the failure areas start from the plastic line area. The ultimate load and total absorbed energy of composite pipes under plate load is proportional to the winding angle and inversely proportional to the diameter-thickness ratio.
His Work Here Is Done: How Sports Journalists and Commentators Framed Colin Kaepernick’s Possible Return to the National Football League
Authors: Bishop Ronald , Milo Amanda 
Published: August 2023

A frame analysis was conducted of recent coverage by sports journalists of the on-again off-again possibility that Colin Kaepernick might sign a contract to play with a team in the National Football League (NFL). Kaepernick was blacklisted by league and team officials angry at, and hoping to avert public backlash from, Kaepernick’s 2016 decision to kneel during the national anthem to protest systemic police brutality and mass incarceration. The analysis enabled the creation of champions, distractions, exile, futility, impact, and spectacle frames. The analysis affirms that journalists may be priming readers to conclude that the NFL has learned its lesson, that some officials should be congratulated for generating the bravery to welcome Kaepernick back to the league and commended for their newfound insights about racism. The episodic frames emerging from coverage of the tryouts and a possible signing affirm that the “new appreciation” of Kaepernick has become a nonthreatening reverence for his place in history. Kaepernick’s exile now reads like a one-off, an outlier, rather than a glaring example of the systemic racism that still infects the league. Frames affirm that the NFL—with help from the nation’s sports writers and commentators—has taken control of the narrative with which fans process an athlete’s activism. They have legitimized the narrow space provided by the league for player protest.
Change-of-Direction and Deceleration Deficits in National-Team Female Rugby Sevens Players: Interrelationships and Associations With Speed-Related Performance
Authors: Freitas Tomás T. , Pereira Lucas A. , Zabaloy Santiago , Alcaraz Pedro E. , Arruda Ademir F.S. , Mercer Valter P. , Bishop Chris , Loturco Irineu 
Published: August 2023

Purpose: To investigate the relationships between a series of direct and indirect measures of linear and multidirectional speed performance in elite female rugby sevens players. Methods: Nineteen players from the Brazilian national team performed 40-m linear sprint and 505 change-of-direction (COD) tests on the same day. Based on the linear sprint and COD test performances, the COD deficit (CODD) and deceleration deficit (DD) were also obtained. A Pearson product–moment correlation analysis was used to determine the relationships between linear sprint and COD-derived variables. Results: Linear sprint and 505 COD velocities were not significantly associated (P > .05). Large to very large significant associations (r values ranging from .54 to .78; P < .05) were detected between linear sprint velocity for the different distances tested (10, 15, 30, and 40 m) and CODD. The COD velocity presented a very large inverse significant correlation with CODD and DD (r = −.77 and −.79 respectively; P < .05). A large and significant correlation was identified between CODD and DD (r = .79; P < .05). Conclusions: Significant associations were observed between linear sprint and CODD, suggesting that faster players are less efficient at changing direction. No relationship was found between sprint velocity and DD, highlighting the independent nature of linear sprints and deceleration capabilities. A comprehensive and detailed analysis of multidirectional speed performance should consider not only linear sprint and COD performances but also complementary COD-derived variables such as the CODD and DD.
Physical Activity Accumulated Across Adulthood and Resting Heart Rate at Age 41–46 Years in Women: Findings From the Menarche to Premenopause Study
Authors: Mielke Gregore I. , Doust Jenny , Chan Hsiu-Wen , Mishra Gita D. 
Published: August 2023

Objective: To investigate the association between physical activity accumulated from early (age 22–27 y) to mid (age 40–45 y) adulthood and resting heart rate at age 41–46 years in women. Methods: Data were from 479 participants in the 1973–1978 cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health. Participants reported physical activity every 3 years from age 22–27 years to 40–45 years. Linear regression models were used to investigate the associations of a cumulative physical activity score (average physical activity across 18 y; up to 7 surveys) and changes in physical activity from age 22–33 years to 34–45 years with resting heart rate at age 41–46 years. Results: Average resting heart rate at age 41–46 years was 75 (SD: 11) beats per minute. An inverse nonlinear dose–response association between cumulative physical activity and resting heart rate was observed. Overall, accumulation of physical activity was associated with lower resting heart rate regardless of the age when physical activity was accumulated. Women in the highest tertile of physical activity at both age 22–33 years and 34–45 years had a resting heart rate, on average, 8 beats per minute lower (95% confidence interval, −11.42 to −4.69) than those consistently in the lowest tertile of physical activity. Conclusion: Accumulating physical activity, irrespective of timing, appears to provide cardiovascular health benefits for women before the transition to menopause.
Women and Members of Socially Diverse Groups in a Sport Management Program: Key Lessons From Creating and Leading a Student-Led Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion Club
Authors: Murphy Sullivan , Trussell Dawn E. , Petrie Mackayla , Groves Brooklyn , Kerwin Shannon 
Published: August 2023

This manuscript shares insights on the process of creating and operating a student-led equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) club centered in a sport management program through five reflective stories (i.e., three students and two faculty members). Sport Helps Everyone Make Allies is a student-led EDI club created at one of the largest sport-management-specific degree programs in North America. Based on critical reflections from the five stories, we identify key lessons for the creation and management of student-led EDI clubs: (a) resisting the chilly climate, (b) EDI initiatives within hierarchal systems, (c) EDI initiatives and the challenges of performative allyship, (d) EDI initiatives as agents of change, and (e) the essential role of faculty. By sharing our insights and reflections, we hope to help future social-justice-focused student groups navigate the development of a student-led EDI club.