bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of sodium dodecyl sulphate on the surface and rheological behaviour of functionalised silica/polyacrylamide for drilling
Authors: Koh Jin Kwei , Lai Chin Wei , Johan Mohd Rafie , Gan Sin Seng , Chua Wei Wei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe stability of polymer composite can be enhanced by altering the structure of the functionalised material with surface modifiers, such as silane coupling agents, organic modifiers, surfactants and others. Surfactant has emerged as a potential modifier since it is eco‐friendly and simple. In this study, the surface of functionalised silica (SiO2) was modified using sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) in a polyacrylamide (PAM) composite. Characterisation of the drilling fluid was examined through Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, surface tension, contact angle and rheological tests. According to the results, FTIR proved that the modification of PAM was successful. However, all modified PAM showed more hydrophilic properties with low surface tension than bare PAM. The rheological properties of all the modified PAM were varied over all the concentrations of SDS. Meanwhile, the rheological properties of the modified PAM were better than that of bare PAM. Due to the synergistic effect between the surfactant and functionalised material involved, the drilling fluid achieved low plastic viscosity in modified PAM. With a flat gel strength and better rheological properties, 0.2 wt% SDS in modified PAM is a great and promising formula in this study. In the future, further investigation can be conducted on bored pile drilling using this formulation.
How do practicing physical therapists perceive anatomy education?
Authors: Rompolski Krista L. , Fojas Christina L. , Taylor Melissa A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this investigation was to explore the perceptions of the sufficiency and relevancy of physical therapy anatomy education among early, mid, and late career physical therapists. A survey was distributed via email through clinical networks in the greater Mid‐Atlantic region, the American Physical Therapy Association Pennsylvania chapter (APTA‐PA), and the American Council of Academic Physical Therapy (ACAPT) Educational Research division. 194 physical therapists responded to the survey. The survey included questions regarding how anatomy was learned in physical therapy school and Likert scale questions investigating opinions of anatomy education. Frequencies were calculated to determine the methods of anatomy education and Likert scale responses. One‐way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was performed to compare the Likert scale responses from the groupings of survey participants. Respondents across all years of practice felt that their anatomy education was sufficient and relevant to their clinical practice and that schools dedicated enough time to teaching anatomy. Respondents who had a dissection component in their anatomy curriculum were more likely to view dissection as essential. Length of time in practice did not influence opinions on the sufficiency or relevancy of anatomy education. Dissection continues to be included in most physical therapy anatomy courses and perceived as essential for learning. Practicing physical therapists' anatomy education was viewed as sufficient and relevant with few recommendations for change. Perceptions of clinicians should be incorporated into curriculum design and reform and be gathered on an ongoing basis as more students from programs without anatomical donors graduate and enter clinical practice.
A model for principals' STEM leadership capability
Authors: Geiger Vince , Beswick Kim , Fraser Sharon , Holland‐Twining Ben 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this paper we develop a model for the capabilities required by principals for effective Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) leadership. The model underpinned a large national cross‐sectional research and development project across Australian states in both primary and secondary schools. This model is developed via synthesis of research literature across leadership and STEM education. The model consists of five dimensions of principals' STEM capability: (1) STEM discipline‐specific and integrated knowledge and practices; (2) contexts; (3) dispositions; (4) tools; and (5) critical orientation. These dimensions represent distinct, but interrelated, capacities required by principals to establish and maintain positive STEM learning cultures within schools. Elaborations have been provided, in the form of capabilities, for each of these dimensions. The model has the potential for shaping principals' STEM leadership development trajectories and structuring targeted professional learning programmes for principals, teachers and other members of the school community.
Analytical characterization of host‐cell‐protein‐rich aggregates in monoclonal antibody solutions
Authors: Herman Chase E. , Min Lie , Choe Leila H. , Maurer Ronald W. , Xu Xuankuo , Ghose Sanchayita , Lee Kelvin H. , Lenhoff Abraham M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHost‐cell proteins (HCPs) and high molecular weight (HMW) species have historically been treated as independent classes of impurities in the downstream processing of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), but recent indications suggest that they may be partially linked. We have explored this connection with a shotgun proteomic analysis of HMW impurities that were isolated from harvest cell culture fluid (HCCF) and protein A eluate using size‐exclusion chromatography (SEC). As part of the proteomic analysis, a cross‐digest study was performed in which samples were analyzed using both the standard and native digest techniques to enable a fair comparison between bioprocess pools. This comparison reveals that the HCP profiles of HCCF and protein A eluate overlap substantially more than previous work has suggested, because hundreds of HCPs are conserved in aggregates that may be up to ~50 nm in hydrodynamic radius and that persist through the protein A capture step. Quantitative SWATH proteomics suggests that the majority of the protein A eluate's HCP mass is found in such aggregates, and this is corroborated by ELISA measurements on SEC fractions. The SWATH data also show that intra‐aggregate concentrations of individual HCPs are positively correlated between aggregates that were isolated from HCCF and protein A eluate, and species that have generally been considered difficult to remove tend to be more concentrated than their counterparts. These observations support prior hypotheses regarding aggregate‐mediated HCP persistence through protein A chromatography and highlight the importance of this persistence mechanism.
Proteolysis Targeting Chimera (PROTAC) as a promising novel therapeutic modality for the treatment of triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC)
Authors: Dogheim Gaidaa M. , Amralla Mohamed T. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBreast cancer (BC) is considered one of the most prevalent malignancies impacting women worldwide, constituting 15% of all new cancer cases. It is classified according to its molecular targets into three subtypes; HR+/ERBB2‐, ERBB2+/HR+, or HR‐ and triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC). TNBC is considered aggressive cancer with bad prognosis and poor clinical outcomes. It lacks estrogen, progesterone, and ERBB2 receptors rendering its treatment more challenging. Owing to its unresponsiveness to hormonal therapy, quick tumor growth, and the high probability to have spread at the time of discovery, it is more likely to recur following therapy. Proteolysis Targeting Chimeric molecules (PROTACs) are hetero‐bifunctional molecules that are able to hijack the ubiquitin‐proteasome system, a major physiological proteolytic mechanism. This leads to ubiquitination through endogenous E3 ligases and subsequent degradation through 26‐S proteasome. Since its discovery in 2001, PROTACs have been considered an important therapeutic modality due to their ability to target and degrade undruggable proteins. In vitro studies have been conducted to investigate the possibility of using PROTACs as a therapeutic modality in TNBC. Data available propose great potential of PROTACs technology as a major candidate in TNBC management. Further in vitro and in vivo clinical trials are required to establish a definitive decision. In this review, we aim to give a brief overview of TNBC and PROTACs and highlight the rationale behind using PROTACs as a therapeutic modality in patients with TNBC.
Radiation exposure to staff during fluoroscopic endoscopic procedures
Authors: Badawy Mohamed Khaldoun , Henely‐Smith Ellen , Hasmat Solaiman 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesFluoroscopically guided procedures utilize ionizing radiation to assist in the diagnosis and treatment of the patient. The use of ionizing radiation is not without risk to the operator and other staff members present during endoscopic procedures. This study simulates radiation exposure during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography procedures under different shielded conditions and provides practical radiation safety recommendations, through easy‐to‐use visual guides.MethodsWe obtained radiation exposure measurements at varying locations with different shielding setups surrounding a mobile C‐arm fluoroscopic unit while imaging a patient equivalent phantom at different heights. Heat maps were generated for the various conditions to provide visual guides for radiation protection.ResultsDifferent heat maps detailing various shielding methods have been generated to assist in determining the dose rate at varying locations surrounding the patient. The use of appropriate radiation protection could decrease the staff dose by up to 98%.ConclusionAlthough minor per procedure, the magnitude of radiation exposure will accumulate over the staff's working life. As such, it is recommended that precautions be taken during fluoroscopically guided endoscopy procedures to ensure radiation is kept as low as reasonably achievable.
Setting the stage: Biopsychosocial predictors of early childhood externalizing behaviors
Authors: Phillips Jennifer J. , Bruce Madeleine D. , Bell Martha Ann 
Published: April 2023

AbstractResearch has indicated that biological (self‐regulation), psychological (temperament), and social (maternal parenting behaviors) factors predict childhood externalizing behaviors. Few studies, however, have evaluated psychological, biological, and social factors in conjunction as predictors of childhood externalizing behaviors. Further, limited research has examined whether these biopsychosocial predictors during infancy and toddlerhood predict the onset of externalizing behaviors in early childhood. The present study aimed to examine the longitudinal relations between biopsychosocial predictors of child externalizing behaviors. Children and their mothers (n = 410) participated when children were 5, 24, and 36 months old. Child self‐regulation was assessed via baseline respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) at age 5 months, and child psychology was measured via maternal report of effortful control at age 24 months. Additionally, maternal intrusiveness was assessed during a mother–child interaction at age 5 months. At 36 months, mothers reported on child externalizing behaviors. Longitudinal path modeling was used to examine the direct and indirect effects of maternal intrusiveness and child effortful control on child externalizing behavior, as well as whether these effects were conditional upon child baseline RSA. Results showed a significant indirect effect of maternal intrusiveness on externalizing behavior through effortful control, and this pathway was moderated by baseline RSA after controlling for orienting regulation at age 5 months. These results suggest that early childhood externalizing behaviors are jointly affected by biological, psychological, and social factors during toddlerhood.
Nutritional and microbiological effects of vermicompost tea in hydroponic cultivation of maple peas (Pisum sativum var. arvense L.)
Authors: Jiang Xinyi , Lu Ci , Hu Runmeng , Shi Wenyang , Zhou Libang , Wen Puzhao , Jiang Yizhou , Lo Yangming Martin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHydroponics receives considerable attentions due to population expansion, soil pollution, and farmland scarcity. However, one significant problem is that its residual effluents are detrimental to the surrounding ecosystem. There is a dire need to find an organic, alternative, biodegradable substrate. Vermicompost tea (VCT) was investigated on its suitability as a hydroponic substrate to provide both nutritional and microbiological benefits. It was found VCT increased the biomass of maple peas (Pisum sativum var. arvense L.), increased stem length, raised the potassium ion content, and promoted the uptake of nitrogen by the roots. Meanwhile, the microorganisms associated with earthworm guts were detected in the maple peas root system, namely the inter‐rhizosphere of maple peas, including Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, and Flavobacteriaceae. The presence of these microorganisms in large number indicated the ability for VCT to retain earthworm intestinal microbes via intestinal tract movement, excreting, and other vital activities. In addition, Rhizobia spp., such as Burkholderiaceae and Rhizobiaceae were also identified in VCT. They are critical for legumes as they can form root or stem nodule symbioses to produce growth hormone, vitamins, nitrogen fixation, and protection against plant stress. These findings are consistent with our chemical analysis that VCT‐treated maple peas had increased nitrate and ammonium nitrogen content relative to the control in roots, stems, and leaves, hence increasing maple peas' biomass. The abundance and species of the inter‐root bacterial population were found to change during the experimental period, indicating the importance of microbial balance to the growth and nutrient uptake of maple peas.
Powerful promotions: An investigation of the teen‐directed marketing power of outdoor food advertisements located near schools in Australia
Authors: Wells Gabriella , Trapp Gina , Wickens Nicole , Heritage Brody 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIssue AddressedAdolescents are heavily exposed to unhealthy outdoor food advertisements near schools, however, the marketing power of these advertisements among adolescents has not yet been explored. This study aimed to investigate the teen‐directed marketing features present and quantify the overall marketing power of outdoor food advertisements located near schools to explore any differences by content (ie, alcohol, discretionary, core and miscellaneous foods) school type (ie, primary, secondary, K‐12) and area‐level socio‐economic status (SES; ie, low vs high).MethodsThis cross‐sectional study audited every outdoor food advertisement (n = 1518) within 500m of 64 randomly selected schools in Perth, Western Australia, using a teen‐informed coding tool to score the marketing power of each advertisement.ResultsOutdoor alcohol advertisements around schools had the highest average marketing power score and number of advertising features present. Outdoor advertisements for alcohol and discretionary foods scored significantly higher in marketing power than core food advertisements (P < .001). Outdoor alcohol advertisements around secondary schools scored significantly higher in marketing power than around primary and K‐12 schools (P < .001); and outdoor advertisements for discretionary foods in low SES areas scored significantly higher in marketing power than those in high SES areas (P < .001).ConclusionsThis study found outdoor advertisements for unhealthy products, such as alcohol and discretionary foods, were more powerful than advertisements for core foods around schools.So What?These findings strengthen the need for policies which restrict outdoor advertisements for non‐core foods near schools, to reduce adolescents' exposure to powerful alcohol and discretionary food advertisements.
Recurrent urethral tumor with neuroendocrine differentiation in a female patient after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer
Authors: Murata Yasuaki , Shinojima Toshiaki , Nakahira Yoko , Hamada Mei , Sasaki Atsushi , Asakura Hirotaka 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionUrethral recurrence after radical cystectomy in female patients with bladder cancer is relatively uncommon. Recurrent bladder tumors with neuroendocrine differentiation are extremely rare.Case presentationA 71‐year‐old female patient who underwent radical cystectomy for bladder cancer presented with vaginal bleeding 19 months postoperatively. She was diagnosed with bladder cancer urethral recurrence. Urethral tumor en‐bloc resection with the anterior vaginal wall was performed by combining abdominal and vaginal approaches. Pathological examination revealed a recurrent tumor of urothelial bladder cancer containing small‐cell carcinoma components.ConclusionThis case is the first report of a recurrent tumor with small‐cell carcinoma in the female urethra after radical cystectomy for pure urothelial carcinoma.
3D bioprinted osteosarcoma model for experimental boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) applications: Preliminary assessment
Authors: Delgrosso Elena , Scocozza Franca , Cansolino Laura , Riva Federica , Conti Michele , Loi Giada , Auricchio Ferdinando , Postuma Ian , Bortolussi Silva , Cobianchi Lorenzo , Ferrari Cinzia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOsteosarcoma is the most frequently primary malignant bone tumor characterized by infiltrative growth responsible for relapses and metastases. Treatment options are limited, and a new therapeutic option is required. Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is an experimental alternative radiotherapy able to kill infiltrative tumor cells spearing surrounding healthy tissues. BNCT studies are performed on 2D in vitro models that are not able to reproduce pathological tumor tissue organization or on in vivo animal models that are expensive, time‐consuming and must follow the 3R's principles. A 3D in vitro model is a solution to better recapitulate the complexity of solid tumors meanwhile limiting the animal's use. Objective of this study is to optimize the technical assessment for developing a 3D in vitro osteosarcoma model as a platform for BNCT studies: printing protocol, biomaterial selection, cell density, and crosslinking process. The best parameters that allow a fully colonized 3D bioprinted construct by rat osteosarcoma cell line UMR‐106 are 6 × 106 cells/ml of hydrogel and 1% CaCl2 as a crosslinking agent. The proposed model could be an alternative or a parallel approach to 2D in vitro culture and in vivo animal models for BNCT experimental study.
Eriodictyol regulated ferroptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell viability via Nrf2/HO‐1/NQO1 signaling pathway in ovarian cancer cells
Authors: Wang Xiaokai , Chen Jun , Tie Hongyan , Tian Wei , Zhao Yanli , Qin Luying , Guo Siyan , Li Qiufang , Bao Chen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the antitumor effect and the underlying molecular mechanism of eriodictyol on ovarian cancer cells. CaoV3 and A2780 were exposed to eriodictyol at different concentrations of 0−800 μM. Cell apoptosis and viability were determined by TdT‐mediated dUTP Nick‐End Labeling (TUNEL) assay and Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK‐8) assay, respectively. Mitochondrial membrane potential was evaluated by flow cytometers with a JC‐1 detection kit. Fe2+ content was evaluated using an iron assay kit. The section of tumor tissues was observed using hematoxylin‐eosin (H&E) staining and nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. Eriodictyol suppressed cell viability and induced cell apoptosis of CaoV3 and A2780 cells. Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of CaoV3 at 24 and 48 h was (229.74 ± 5.13) μM and (38.44 ± 4.68) μM, and IC50 value of A2780 at 24 and 48 h was (248.32 ± 2.54) μM and (64.28 ± 3.19) μM. Fe2+ content and reactive oxygen species production were increased and protein levels of SLC7A11 and GPX4 were decreased by eriodictyol. Besides, eriodictyol reduced the ratio of JC‐1 fluorescence ratio, glutathione and malondialdehyde contents but elevated Cytochrome C level. Nrf2 phosphorylation were obviously downregulated by eriodictyol. Finally, eriodictyol suppressed tumor growth, aggravated mitochondrial dysfunction and downregulated Nrf2 expression in tumor tissue in mice. Eriodictyol regulated ferroptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction and cell viability via Nrf2/HO‐1/NQO1 signaling pathway in ovarian cancer.
Analysis of background echotexture on automated breast ultrasound using BI‐RADS and modified classification: Association with clinical features and mammographic density
Authors: Choi Eun Jung , Choi Hyemi , Byon Jung Hee , Youk Ji Hyun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPurposeTo analyze BE on ABUS using BI‐RADS and a modified classification in association with mammographic density and clinical features.MethodsMenopausal status, parity, and family history of breast cancer were collected for 496 women who underwent ABUS and mammography. Three radiologists independently reviewed all ABUS BE and mammographic density. Statistical analyses including kappa statistics (κ) for interobserver agreement, Fisher's exact test, and univariate and multivariate multinomial logistic regression were performed.ResultsBE distribution between the two classifications and between each classification and mammographic density were associated (P < 0.001). BI‐RADS homogeneous‐fibroglandular (76.8%) and modified heterogeneous BE (71.3%, 75.7%, and 87.5% of mild, moderate, and marked heterogeneous background echotexture, respectively) tended to be dense. BE was correlated between BI‐RADS homogeneous‐fat and modified homogeneous background (95.1%) and between BI‐RADS homogeneous‐fibroglandular or heterogeneous (90.6%) and modified heterogeneous (86.9%) (P < 0.001). In multinomial logistic regression, age < 50 years was independently associated with heterogeneous BE (OR, 8.89, P = 0.003, in BI‐RADS; OR, 3.74; P = 0.020 in modified classification).ConclusionBI‐RADS homogeneous‐fat and modified homogeneous BE on ABUS was likely to be mammographically fatty. However, BI‐RADS homogeneous‐fibroglandular or heterogeneous BE might be classified as any modified BE. Younger age was independently associated with heterogeneous BE.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Flow and Brain Motion in Chiari I Malformation: Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Bhadelia Rafeeque A. , Chang Yu‐Ming , Oshinski John N. , Loth Francis 
Published: April 2023

Cranio‐spinal volume and pressure changes associated with the cardiac‐cycle and respiration are altered in Chiari I malformation (CMI) due to obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow at the foramen magnum. With the introduction of motion‐sensitive MRI sequences, it was envisioned that these could provide noninvasive information about volume–pressure dynamics at the cranio‐cervical junction in CMI hitherto available only through invasive pressure measurements. Since the early 1990s, multiple studies have assessed CSF flow and brain motion in CMI. However, differences in design and varied approaches in the presentation of results and conclusions makes it difficult to fully comprehend the role of MR imaging of CSF flow and brain motion in CMI. In this review, a cohesive summary of the current status of MRI assessment of CSF flow and brain motion in CMI is presented. Simplified versions of the results and conclusions of previous studies are presented by dividing the studies in distinct topics: 1) comparing CSF flow and brain motion between healthy subjects (HS) and CMI patients (before and after surgery), 2) comparing CSF flow and brain motion to CMI severity and symptoms, and 3) comparing CSF flow and brain motion in CMI with and without syringomyelia. Finally, we will discuss our vision of the future directions of MR imaging in CMI patients.Evidence Level2.Technical Efficacy5.