bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controlling the Chiroptical Properties of Pyrene‐Based Tweezers by Conformation Locking
Authors: Benny Renitta , Kumar Nithish , Bera Anshuman , Srithar Rakshantha , Pramanik Susnata , Reddy Vennapusa Sivaranjana , De Soumen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCircularly polarized excimer emission is highly sought‐after due to its potential in advanced optoelectronic and sensing applications. However, achieving precise control over this phenomenon remains a significant challenge. To address this challenge, we have designed a system where circularly polarized excimer emission could be controlled via conformation locking and aggregation. The structural conformations were extensively examined using circular dichroism spectroscopy, X‐ray crystallography, 1H NMR spectroscopy, and molecular modelling. Self‐assembly was triggered by adding water to THF solutions, with water‐induced aggregation leading to redshifts in absorption bands and excimer emission in T1 (major monomer emission), T2 (minor monomer emission) and T3 at high water content. Additionally, the effects of aggregation on chiroptical properties were studied using circular dichroism and circularly polarized luminescence spectroscopy, revealing a reduction in circular dichroism signal and circularly polarized luminescence quenching with increasing water content. Notably, T3 displayed both excimer and monomer circularly polarized luminescence signals, reflecting two excited‐state geometries. This research underscores the impact of rigidity on the photophysical and chiroptical properties of pyrene and opens avenues for further exploration of BINOL‐pyrene‐based macrocycles and cages.
Innovative Sustainability Strategies and the Role of Digital Transformation in Organisations
Authors: Arantes Luzia , Ferreira João J. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis article aims to systematically analyse the main trends in formulating digital strategies aimed at environmental sustainability. In particular, it will examine the use of these strategies to foster the development of sustainable initiatives and the need for integrating technological innovation with environmentally responsible practices. Carrying out a systematic review of the literature, the study exposed a variety of approaches that encompass innovations in products and services, energy efficiency through smart technologies and the development of digital platforms that support the circular economy. The success of these initiatives depends significantly on collaboration between different sectors and the strategic use of data.
Differential recruitment drives pathogen‐mediated competition between species in an amphibian chytridiomycosis system
Authors: Mangan Madelyn J. , McCallum Hamish I. , West Matt , Scheele Ben C. , Gillespie Graeme R. , Grogan Laura F. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPathogens that infect multiple host species have an increased capacity to cause extinctions through parasite‐mediated apparent competition. Given unprecedented and continuing losses of biodiversity due to Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), the causative fungus of the amphibian skin disease chytridiomycosis, a robust understanding of the mechanisms driving cross‐species infection dynamics is essential. Here, we used stage‐structured, susceptible‐infected compartmental models to explore drivers of Bd‐mediated apparent competition between two sympatric amphibians, the critically endangered Litoria spenceri and the non‐threatened Litoria lesueurii. We additionally simulated the impact of plausible L. spenceri conservation management interventions on competitive outcomes between these two species. Despite being more susceptible to disease than its competitor, a high relative rate of recruitment allowed the non‐threatened L. lesueurii to reach substantially higher densities than L. spenceri in our baseline models, applying a strong absolute force of infection on L. spenceri as an amplifying host. However, simulated management interventions which bolstered L. spenceri recruitment (i.e., captive breeding and release, removal of predatory non‐native trout) spurred strong recoveries of L. spenceri while simultaneously (1) increasing the force of Bd infection in the environment and (2) reducing L. lesueurii population density. At high and moderate elevations, combined captive breeding/release and non‐native trout removal were sufficient to make L. spenceri the most abundant species. Overall, our results demonstrate the importance of recruitment in moderating pathogen dynamics of multi‐host amphibian chytridiomycosis systems. While infection‐based parameters are undoubtedly important in Bd management, modifying relative rates of recruitment can substantially alter pathogen‐mediated competition between species of an amphibian community.
Breeding bird sensitivity to urban habitat quality is multi‐scale and strongly dependent on migratory behavior
Authors: Byer Nathan W. , Moll Remington J. , Krynak Timothy J. , Shaffer Erik E. , Brumfield Jen L. , Reinier John E. , Eysenbach Sarah R. , Cepek Jonathon D. , Hausman Constance E. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHuman‐caused conversion of natural habitat areas to developed land cover represents a major driver of habitat loss and fragmentation, leading to reorganization of biological communities. Although protected areas and urban greenspaces can preserve natural systems in fragmented landscapes, their efficacy has been stymied by the complexity and scale‐dependency underlying biological communities. While migratory bird communities are easy to‐study and particularly responsive to anthropogenic habitat alterations, prior studies have documented substantial variation in habitat sensitivity across species and migratory groups. This may make approaches that explicitly consider the hierarchical nature of ecological organization useful for planning and decision‐making, particularly in developed landscapes. Herein, we leverage regional vegetation and breeding bird monitoring efforts to investigate the influences of spatial scale, urbanization, and migratory habit on breeding bird occupancy across Cleveland Metroparks, a large urban park system in Ohio. Using multispecies occupancy models, we found that fine‐scale vegetation covariates were more predictive of bird community dynamics than landscape‐level covariates, suggesting positive benefits of vegetation management activities for breeding bird communities. We also found that short‐distance migrants were positively associated with plants that have broad ecological tolerances and that tropical migrants were more negatively associated with human development than other migratory groups. While local vegetation management may be effective for protecting sensitive breeding bird communities, many tropical migrants required intact forests with low human development and may require targeted habitat management for continued breeding‐season occupancy. More broadly, this study emphasizes how avian management strategies in developed landscapes should consider features at multiple spatial scales—as well as species‐specific migratory behaviors.
Differences in Perceived Versus Actual Sensory Perception in Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder
Authors: Gydus Julia , Holman Katherine , Harshman Stephanie , Stull Madeline , Kuhnle Megan , Wons Olivia , Asanza Elisa , Hauser Kristine , Stern Casey , Becker Kendra R. , Kambanis P. Evelyna , Misra Madhusmita , Eddy Kamryn T. , Micali Nadia , Lawson Elizabeth A. , Thomas Jennifer J. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundIndividuals with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) self‐report heightened sensitivity to taste and smell, but neither phenomenon has been systematically explored in the laboratory. We hypothesized that, compared to healthy controls (HC, n = 34), children, adolescents, and adults with full/subthreshold ARFID (n = 100; ages 9 to 23 years) would self‐report heightened response to taste/smell stimuli and exhibit stronger bitter taste perception and heightened smell perception in performance‐based tasks, and these differences would be especially prominent in those with the ARFID‐sensory sensitivity presentation.MethodWe measured self‐reported sensitivity to taste/smell with the adolescent/adult sensory profile (AASP). We measured performance‐based bitter taste perception with the regional taste intensity test (RTIT) and 6‐N‐propylthiouracil (PROP) test, and olfactory performance with the Sniffin' Sticks test (including the odor threshold, odor detection, and odor identification subscales).ResultsAs expected, the ARFID group self‐reported heightened response to taste/smell on the AASP, compared to HC, with an especially large effect size in the subset with the ARFID‐sensory sensitivity presentation. Contrary to hypotheses, on performance‐based measures, neither the ARFID group—nor the ARFID‐sensory sensitivity group specifically—demonstrated heightened sensitivity to bitter taste on the RTIT or PROP tests, nor heightened smell perception on the Sniffin' Sticks test.ConclusionThese first laboratory findings in a clinically diagnosed sample of individuals with full/subthreshold ARFID highlight the discrepancy between perceived versus actual sensitivity to taste/smell stimuli. Future research should explore whether this discrepancy can be replicated and therapeutically leveraged to facilitate successful food exposures.
Elevating the Discourse on the Comorbidity and Treatment of Eating Disorders and Autism Spectrum Disorder: Commentary on Inal‐Kaleli et al. and Nimbley et al.
Authors: Thomas Jennifer J. , McPherson Iman K. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTTwo recent review papers published in the International Journal of Eating Disorders have considerably elevated the rigor of scholarship on the comorbidity between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and eating disorders. One paper reported that more than one‐quarter of individuals with acute anorexia nervosa also have ASD, and that autistic traits are positively correlated with eating disorder psychopathology. The other paper reported that, compared to individuals with low autistic traits, those with high autistic traits report poorer experiences of eating disorder treatment, despite similar treatment outcomes. While both papers make excellent points, in this commentary we highlight important challenges in the assessment of ASD that may artificially inflate its prevalence in the context of disordered eating. We then caution the field against completely discarding evidence‐based eating disorder treatments in the setting of comorbid ASD. Finally, we offer recommendations for future research to determine when and how eating disorder treatments should be modified to accommodate neurodiversity.
Ecological Drivers of Molt‐Breeding Overlap, an Unusual Life‐History Strategy of Small‐Island Birds?
Authors: De Ruyck Christopher C. , Koper Nicola 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTTerrestrial bird populations on small, species depauperate islands often experience selection for generalist foraging traits via ecological release; however, it is unclear how island conditions may uniquely influence other life‐history characteristics of small‐island birds, such as the unusually high rates of molt‐breeding overlap exhibited on the island of Grenada. To explore this question, we collected data on the life cycles and diets of 10 commonly occurring Grenadian bird species to assess the degree of generalist foraging and evaluate how seasonal patterns in diet niche breadth and diet overlap among species relates to the high rates of molt‐breeding overlap. We evaluated three hypotheses explaining drivers of molt‐breeding overlap (constraints on molt rate, unpredictable food abundance, and limited duration of food abundance), and suggest that widespread overlap in small‐island tropical communities may be the result of generalist foraging adaptations and restricted time periods of sufficient invertebrate availability for successful breeding and molt to occur. We found that these species typically exhibited low breeding period seasonality followed by synchronized peaks in molt intensity and molt‐breeding overlap during peak rainfall and high invertebrate abundance. There was also greater diet overlap and wider niche widths of invertebrate resources in the wet season when molt‐breeding overlap occurred, and greater niche partitioning of invertebrate items among species in the dry season suggesting that competitive interactions for invertebrates were stronger in the dry season. Birds also shared more plant food sources in the dry season when invertebrate abundance is low, though seasonal differences in plant diet diversity and niche width varied by species. These results provide evidence that scarce invertebrate resources and competition likely limit productivity and molt/self‐maintenance in these island‐adapted, species‐depauperate communities, and drive high rates of molt‐breeding overlap, a relatively uncommon life‐history strategy.
Frugivore Traits Predict Plant–Frugivore Interactions Using Generalized Joint Attribute Modeling
Authors: Yohe Laurel R. , Leiser‐Miller Leith B. , Kaliszewska Zofia A. , Whitehead Susan R. , Santana Sharlene E. , Dávalos Liliana M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTUnder an adaptive hypothesis, the reciprocal influence between mutualistic plants and frugivores is expected to result in suites of matching frugivore and plant traits that structure fruit consumption. Recent work has suggested fruit traits can represent adaptations to broad groups of functionally similar frugivores, but the role of frugivore traits and within‐species variation in structuring fruit consumption is less understood. To address these knowledge gaps, we assess the presence of reciprocal trait matching for the mutualistic ecological network comprising of Carollia bats that feed on and disperse Piper seeds. We used generalized joint attribute modeling (GJAM), a Bayesian modeling approach that simultaneously accounts for multiple sources of variance across trait types. In support of frugivore adaptation to their dietary composition and suggesting niche partitioning among Carollia bats, we find differential consumption of a suite of Piper species influenced by bat traits such as body size; however, the Piper morphological traits considered had no effect on bat consumption. Slow evolutionary rates, dispersal by other vertebrates, and unexamined fruit traits, such as Piper chemical bouquets, may explain the lack of association between bat Piper consumption and fruit morphological traits. We have identified a potential asymmetric influence of frugivore traits on plant–frugivore interactions, providing a template for future trait analyses of plant–animal networks. As intraspecific trait variation is rarely included in studies on trait matching, this paper contributes to closing that important knowledge gap.
Hibernation Habitat Selection by the Threatened Chinese Softshell Turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) in the Yellow River Wetlands of Northwest China: Implications for Conservation Management
Authors: Zhu Qingjun , Hong Meiling , Xie Qiutong , Kong Fei , Lin Liu , Shi Hai‐tao 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTHibernation is a crucial aspect of the life history of freshwater turtles inhabiting temperate regions. Therefore, understanding their hibernation habitat selection is essential for the targeted conservation of turtle species and their habitats. The Chinese softshell turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis), a medium‐sized freshwater turtle, is widely distributed in China; however, populations are rapidly declining, and threatened by habitat destruction, overfishing, and water pollution. Little is known regarding this species' habitat selection during the winter months. In 2020–2022, we equipped 22 P. sinensis with radio transmitters (VHF), and we successfully relocated 13 turtles, 11 of which were buried in submerged substrates and 2 buried in terrestrial soil for hibernation. In aquatic habitats, turtles preferred ponded areas formed during the dry period of the Yellow River with low water velocity and less anthropogenic disturbance. However, we found little evidence for the selection of dissolved oxygen levels. In terrestrial habitats, turtles are buried under densely vegetated soils with their dorsal carapace approximately 5 cm beneath the surface, allowing respiration through a protruded neck. Terrestrial hibernacula were close to the water, maintained more than 30% humidity throughout the winter, and were effectively protected against freezing. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first formal report of the behavior of terrestrial hibernation in softshell turtles. Our results suggest that P. sinensis has selectivity toward hibernation habitats with specific microenvironmental characteristics, indicating that protection of the characterized habitats provided in this study is important for the future conservation of this threatened softshell turtle species.
The Role of Local and Upstream Colonisation in Determining Stream Periphyton Metacommunity Assemblages
Authors: Zamorano Daniel , Ingram Travis , Matthaei Christoph D. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTStream periphyton is an ideal study system for explaining how dispersal shapes community patterns. Few studies have tried to investigate periphyton metacommunities at the reach scale, and studies comparing local versus upstream periphyton propagule sources are lacking. We aimed to address these knowledge gaps by disentangling environmental constraints and dispersal sources, including dispersal hypotheses related to periphyton functional guilds. We covered 25‐m sections of streambed with plastic silage cover sheets in three streams in Southern New Zealand, allowing river water to flow over the sheets. Samples on top of these sheets allowed periphyton colonisation only by drifting upstream propagules, while ‘control’ samples placed directly upstream of the plastic sheets were colonised by local and upstream propagules. We collected samples after 7, 14, and 25 days of colonisation. Response variables included periphyton biomass, community structure, and relative abundances of functional guilds. Control samples showed 1.5–6 times higher cell densities than plastic‐cover samples, suggesting that local colonisation is very important for biomass accrual. Periphyton communities on both tile types became more similar to each other with time, indicating that environmental filters overcame effects of colonisation sources. While motile and flagellated taxa showed the ability to reach their preferred microhabitats in all streams, the responses of the remaining functional guilds did not follow the expected patterns. We conclude that periphyton community assembly strongly depends on reach‐scale connectivity, which results in higher biomass accrual and community structure. These findings suggest that the mass effect paradigm is likely to be the principal metacommunity process shaping stream periphyton communities at the reach scale.
The Importance of Olfaction for Mixed Paternity in Birds
Authors: Kvarnemo Charlotta , Anderstedt Alice , Strandh Maria , Blomqvist Donald 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTOlfaction can aid individuals in finding genetically compatible mates in many animals, while high levels of mixed paternity may result from a limited ability to evaluate their mate's genetic profile against their own before mating. To test this suggestion and explore if olfaction may indeed influence mating patterns in birds, we combined published measures of olfactory ability with data on genetic mating pattern in the same species, across a phylogenetically broad range of species. We used three measures of olfaction: (1) olfactory bulb diameter, (2) olfactory bulb volume and (3) number of olfactory receptor genes (148, 134 and 48 species, respectively). These measures were then matched to species‐specific estimates of mating pattern, measured as percentage of broods with mixed paternity (> 1 male siring offspring in the same brood). Limited overlaps between the datasets resulted in 30 matched species for olfactory bulb diameter, 31 for olfactory bulb volume and 15 for olfactory receptor genes. Controlling for brain size (telencephalon), we then correlated olfaction to mating pattern, and found that the bigger the relative olfactory bulb diameter, the lower the proportion of mixed paternity. In contrast, there was no significant correlation between olfactory bulb volume or number of receptor genes and paternity. This study thus indicates that mating patterns in birds may be influenced by olfactory ability, measured as olfactory bulb diameter. Next, we suggest expanding the datasets by collecting olfactory‐focused measures, targeting species for which paternity measures already exist, to allow a full phylogenetic analysis.
Cascade Controller Design for a Single‐Stage Charger to Inspect Distortion Power Factor, and Grid‐Side Voltage Harmonics
Authors: Maleki Mahdi , Rahimipour Behbahani Milad , Jalilian Alireza 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTElectric vehicles (EVs) are poised to take center stage in daily transportation, gradually replacing vehicles solely reliant on combustion engines. Therefore, it is essential to address power quality issues associated with their integration into smart cities. Interleaved DC‐to‐DC boost converters are utilized to fulfill the objectives of voltage regulation and power factor correction (PFC) by controlling the duty cycle of their operational switches. The voltage regulation and reactive power compensation are addressed by the outer and inner control loops, respectively. Average current mode control is implemented to align the drawn current with the source voltage, even though it includes indispensable nonfundamental harmonic components. Voltage and current harmonics analyses are performed, and then the distortion power factor (DPF) is calculated. The charger's DPF and its efficiency factor are calculated to be 0.8583 and 0.935, respectively. To demonstrate the ascendancy of the control strategy, the charger's characteristics are compared to those of an uncontrolled charger with a proposed boost converter. The total harmonic distortion (THD) for the controlled current and voltage is significantly less than that of the uncontrolled charger design.
Evaluation of Carbon Emission Efficiency and Analysis of Influencing Factors of Chinese Oil and Gas Enterprises
Authors: Li Pengtai , Wang Yanqiu , Liu Junqiao , Liang Mingxin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn 2020, China announced its “dual‐carbon” goal to the world, demonstrating the responsibility of a country to reduce emissions and consumption. Reducing carbon emissions is pivotal in achieving this ambitious goal. Oil and gas enterprises are significant contributors to China's carbon emissions. Evaluating the efficiency of their carbon emissions and analyzing the influencing factors are of great significance for achieving the “dual‐carbon” goal and promoting sustainable development. In this paper, 69 Chinese oil and gas enterprises are selected as research objects, collecting data from 2016 to 2021. The DEA–SBM model and GML index are used to conduct static and dynamic evaluations of carbon emission efficiency, and the Tobit model is used to analyze the factors affecting this efficiency from both internal and external perspectives. The results show that the carbon emission efficiency of Chinese oil and gas enterprises as a whole is relatively low and shows an upward trend during the study period. There are significant differences in the annual average values of carbon emission efficiency among these enterprises, with obvious disparities observed between different categories. Energy consumption intensity and capital–labor ratio have a notably negative impact on carbon emission efficiency. Conversely, per capita income from the main business, environmental regulation intensity, and foreign direct investment significantly contribute to the carbon emission efficiency of oil and gas enterprises. Meanwhile, the energy consumption structure, R&D investment intensity, economic development level, and government subsidy intensity do not play a significant impact on the carbon emission efficiency of these enterprises.