bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P03 Long term denosumab treatment in osteoporosis - a case series
Authors: Premathilake Nimanthi , Nandagudi Anupama 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Studies have shown that denosumab reduces fracture risk and increases bone mineral density and is associated with low adverse events over 10 years. We have reviewed 3 patients in our hospital who have been successfully treated with denosumab 20 injections.

Case description
Clinical details of these patients are outlined in the table.

Discussion
All three patients have responded well to denosumab therapy with definite improvement of T scores and positive bone mineral density change compared to baseline, in both spine and hip regions. They have not experienced significant side effects related to treatment. The second patient was treated as possible fracture as the x-rays were not convincing of definitive fracture. Patient 3, despite having very low T scores and multiple fragility fractures in 2012, has not incurred further fractures following the commencement of denosumab.

Key learning points
Denosumab has shown satisfactory improvement in these patients without significant adverse effects, following completion of 10 years of therapy. This is in par with previous studies that demonstrated efficacy and safety profile of Denosumab.
Unpacking reappraisal: a systematic review of fMRI studies of distancing and reinterpretation
Authors: Denny Bryan T , Jungles Mallory L , Goodson Pauline N , Dicker Eva E , Chavez Julia , Jones Jenna S , Lopez Richard B 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In recent decades, a substantial volume of work has examined the neural mechanisms of cognitive reappraisal. Distancing and reinterpretation are two frequently used tactics through which reappraisal can be implemented. Theoretical frameworks and prior evidence have suggested that the specific tactic through which one employs reappraisal entails differential neural and psychological mechanisms. Thus, we were motivated to assess the neural mechanisms of this distinction by examining the overlap and differentiation exhibited by the neural correlates of distancing (specifically via objective appraisal) and reinterpretation. We analyzed 32 published functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies in healthy adults using multilevel kernel density analysis. Results showed that distancing relative to reinterpretation uniquely recruited right bilateral dorsolateral PFC (DLPFC) and left posterior parietal cortex, previously associated with mentalizing, selective attention and working memory. Reinterpretation relative to distancing uniquely recruited left bilateral ventrolateral PFC (VLPFC), previously associated with response selection and inhibition. Further, distancing relative to reinterpretation was associated with greater prevalence of bilateral amygdala attenuation during reappraisal. Finally, a behavioral meta-analysis showed efficacy for both reappraisal tactics. These results are consistent with prior theoretical models for the functional neural architecture of reappraisal via distancing and reinterpretation and suggest potential future applications in region-of-interest specification and neural network analysis in studies focusing on specific reappraisal tactics.
Understanding career transitions of applied researchers to universities: evidence from Germany
Authors: Garcia Chavez Cecilia , Howoldt David , Hoyer Patrick , Karaulova Maria , Kroll Henning , Schubert Torben 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper analyses the conditions and factors influencing non-university researchers’ career transitions back into academia. Using affiliation data in publications of German researchers, their cross-sector career transitions from the public research organisation Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft and industry to universities are analysed. Although the rate of transitions is small, there are distinctive windows of opportunity at a junior career stage, especially for Fraunhofer researchers. Researchers who publish more and in more acclaimed journals, Fraunhofer researchers who co-publish with universities, and women are more likely to gain a university affiliation over the course of their career. These results indicate the influence of institutional proximity for cross-domain career transitions. The quality and impact of academic knowledge could be improved if the higher education sector was more open to recruitment of researchers from other sectors. Policy needs to target the barriers that preclude applied researchers from pursuing university careers.
Photosynthetic and biochemical responses of four subtropical tree seedlings to reduced dry season and increased wet season precipitation and variable N deposition
Authors: Wu Ting , Song Yuting , Tissue David , Su Wei , Luo Hanyu , Li Xu , Yang Shimin , Liu Xujun , Yan Junhua , Huang Juan , Liu Juxiu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Interspecific variations in phenotypic plasticity of trees that are affected by climate change may alter the ecosystem function of forests. Seedlings of four common tree species (Castanopsis fissa, Michelia macclurei, Dalbergia odorifera and Ormosia pinnata) in subtropical plantations of southern China were grown in the field under rainout shelters and subjected to changing precipitation (48 L of water every 4 days in the dry season, 83 L of water every 1 day in the wet season; 4 g m−2 year−1 of nitrogen (N)), low N deposition (48 L of water every 2 days in the dry season, 71 L of water every 1 day in the wet season; 8 g m−2 year−1 N), high N deposition (48 L of water every 2 days in the dry season, 71 L of water every 1 day in the wet season; 10 g m−2 year−1 N) and their interactive effects. We found that the changes in seasonal precipitation reduced the light-saturated photosynthetic rate (Asat) for C. fissa due to declining area-based foliar N concentrations (Na). However, we also found that the interactive effects of changing precipitation and N deposition enhanced Asat for C. fissa by increasing foliar Na concentrations, suggesting that N deposition could alleviate N limitations associated with changing precipitation. Altered precipitation and high N deposition reduced Asat for D. odorifera by decreasing the maximum electron transport rate for RuBP regeneration (Jmax) and maximum rate of carboxylation of Rubisco (Vcmax). Ormosia pinnata under high N deposition exhibited increasing Asat due to higher stomatal conductance and Vcmax. The growth of D. odorifera might be inhibited by changes in seasonal precipitation and N deposition, while O. pinnata may benefit from increasing N deposition in future climates. Our study provides an important insight into the selection of tree species with high capacity to tolerate changing precipitation and N deposition in subtropical plantations.
Sacral Stress Fracture in Athletes With Overuse
Authors: Nakamae Toshio , Kamei Naosuke , Kanda Tsukasa , Imada Takeo , Adachi Nobuo 
Published: September 2023

Study Design:
This was a narrative review.

Objectives:
The purpose of this study was to report the physical and radiologic characteristics of sacral stress fractures in 11 athletes and to review the current literature on sacral stress fractures.

Summary of Background Data:
Sacral stress fractures are rarely reported as a cause of low back pain in athletes.

Patients and Methods:
We retrospectively analyzed 11 athlete patients with sacral stress fractures and low back pain. All patients received conservative treatments, such as rest from sporting activities and physical therapy. Clinical data, such as age, sex, athletic activity, region of tenderness, and duration of low back pain, and radiologic data, such as information from plain radiographs and fracture lines on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), were evaluated.

Results:
The study included 11 athlete patients (5 males and 6 females) with sacral stress fractures, and their mean age was 18.7 years (range, 15–38 y). The sports that caused the stress fractures were baseball, badminton, and basketball in 2 patients each and football, judo, marathon, volleyball, and dance in 1 patient each. All patients had tenderness on the sacrum. The mean duration of low back pain was 1.8 weeks (range, 1–4 wk). Fracture lines on MRI were observed only in the caudal-ventral part of the sacrum in 7 patients and extended from the inferolateral angle of the sacrum to the superior lateral sacral alar in 4 patients.

Conclusions:
The study findings demonstrated that MRI and tenderness were useful for detecting the presence of sacral stress fractures in athletes. Moreover, fracture lines in the sacrum may progress from the caudal-ventral part of the sacrum to the cranio-dorsal direction.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids as Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Upstream Target Modulators Affecting Acute and Long-Term Pathological Alterations in Cardiac Structure and Function
Authors: Driscoll David F. , Welty Francine K. , Bistrian Bruce R. 
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVES:
Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a common complication in the acute care period following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery that is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in both short-term and long-term settings. Recently, the Vaughn Williams Classification of antiarrhythmic agents, first proposed in 1975 and widely viewed as the authoritative description of their electrophysiologic actions, was updated and notably omega-3 fatty acids (Ω-3 fatty acids) have been included in class VII, described as “upstream target modulators,” to mitigate pathological structural and electrophysiological remodeling changes in the aged and/or injured myocardium.

DATA SOURCES:
A PubMed literature search was performed.

STUDY SELECTION:
Studies examining the significance of complications in patients undergoing isolated CABG surgery were selected for inclusion.

DATA EXTRACTION:
Relevant data were qualitatively assessed and narratively summarized.

DATA SYNTHESIS:
POAF occurs in approximately 30% of patients, and inflammation from chronic coronary artery disease preoperatively, as well as acute atrial inflammation from surgery postoperatively are the leading causes. Inflammation underlies its pathophysiology; therefore Ω-3 fatty acids not only exhibit antiarrhythmic properties but are an effective anti-inflammatory treatment that may reduce the clinical risks of POAF.

CONCLUSIONS:
At present no effective prophylaxis is available to address POAF following CABG surgery. Clinical approaches that focus on the inflammatory response in this setting may optimize the response to treatment. The current literature supports the hypothesis that Ω-3 fatty acids may acutely reduce the inflammatory response via favorable alterations in the metabolism of prostaglandins and leukotrienes (eicosanoids) and specialized pro-resolving mediators.
Relationship Between Intensive Care Nurses' Attitudes and Behaviors Toward End-of-Life Care and Ethical Attitudes
Authors: Efil Sevda , Turen Sevda , Demir Gül 
Published: September 2023

Background
Nurses are in a central position to improve care for dying patients and their families by challenging current end-of-life practices in their settings. Nurses who care for such patients experience the associated ethical dilemmas. However, the relation between their attitude and behavior regarding end-of-life care and their ethical attitudes is not known.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to examine the relation between the attitudes and behaviors of intensive care unit nurses to end-of-life care and their ethical attitudes in the care process.

Methods
The research was conducted in Antalya, one of the most populous provinces in Turkey, with 287 intensive care nurses working in 4 different hospitals. The research data were collected between June 30 and August 30, 2021. Self-report data were collected using a Nurses' Description Form, the Attitudes and Behaviors of ICU Nurses to End-of-Life Care Scale, and the Ethical Attitude Scale for Nursing Care.

Results
The mean score of the intensive care nurses for attitude and behaviors to end-of-life care was 62.36 ± 13.22, and their mean score for ethical attitude for nursing care was 149.76 ± 24.98.

Conclusion
It was found that intensive care nurses' attitudes and behaviors to end-of-life care had a positive correlation on their ethical attitudes in the care process (P < .001).

Discussion
It would be of interest to understand how these attitudes impact clinical decision-making for the ultimate understanding of whether nurses' attitudes can be a barrier to the delivery of quality end-of-life care.
Massachusetts Prevalence of Opioid Use Disorder Estimation Revisited: Comparing a Bayesian Approach to Standard Capture–Recapture Methods
Authors: Wang Jianing , Doogan Nathan , Thompson Katherine , Bernson Dana , Feaster Daniel , Villani Jennifer , Chandler Redonna , White Laura F. , Kline David , Barocas Joshua A. 
Published: September 2023

Background:
The National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) estimated the prevalence of opioid use disorder (OUD) among the civilian, noninstitutionalized people aged 12 years or older in Massachusetts as 1.2% between 2015 and 2017. Accurate estimation of the prevalence of OUD is critical to the success of treatment and resource planning. Various indirect estimation approaches have been used but are subject to data availability and infrastructure-related issues.

Methods:
We used 2015 data from the Massachusetts Public Health Data Warehouse (PHD) to compare the results of two approaches to estimating OUD prevalence in the Massachusetts population. First, we used a seven-dataset capture–recapture analysis under log–linear model parameterization, controlling for the source dependence and effects of age, sex, and county through stratification. Second, we applied a benchmark-multiplier method in a Bayesian framework by linking health care claims data to death certificate data assuming an extrapolation of death rates from observed untreated OUD to unobserved OUD.

Results:
Our estimates for OUD prevalence among Massachusetts residents (aged 18–64 years) were 4.62% (95% CI = 4.59%, 4.64%) in the capture–recapture approach and 4.29% (95% CrI = 3.49%, 5.32%) in the Bayesian model. Both estimates were approximately four times higher than NSDUH estimates.

Conclusion:
The synthesis of our findings suggests that the disease surveillance system misses a large portion of the population with OUD. Our study also suggests that concurrent use of multiple methods improves the justification and facilitates the triangulation and interpretation of the resulting estimates.

Trial registration:

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04111939.
Plasma Concentration, Efficacy, and Tolerability of Perampanel in Chinese Pediatric Patients with Epilepsy: Real-World Clinical Experience
Authors: Zhao Ting , Li Hong-Jian , Zhang Hui-lan , Feng Ji-Rong , Yu Jing , Feng Jie , Wang Ting-ting , Sun Yan , Yu Lu-Hai 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Information on the efficacy and plasma concentration of perampanel (PER) in Chinese pediatric patients with epilepsy is limited. Therefore, this real-world retrospective study aimed to assess the efficacy, tolerability, and plasma concentration of the maximum dose of PER for epilepsy treatment in Chinese pediatric patients.

Methods:
A total of 107 pediatric patients from 2 hospitals in China were enrolled in this study. The plasma concentration of PER was determined using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography. The primary efficacy endpoint was the seizure reduction rate after PER treatment at the last follow-up.

Results:
The response rate to PER therapy was 59.8% (64/107). The authors observed that patients younger than 6 years of age (n = 49) showed a significantly lower concentration-to-dose ratio than patients with ages between 6 and 14 years (n = 58) (2.2 ± 1.7 vs. 3.0 ± 1.8 mcg·mL−1·kg·mg−1, respectively; P < 0.05). Patients who received enzyme-inducing antiseizure medication had significantly lower concentration-to-dose ratios than those who did not receive enzyme-inducing antiseizure medication (EIASM) (2.1 ± 1.8 vs. 3.1 ± 2.0 mcg·mL−1·kg·mg−1, P < 0.05). A total of 37 patients (34.6%) reported treatment adverse events. Patients with somnolence and irritability had a significantly higher PER plasma concentration than the “no treatment-emergent adverse effect” groups (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
PER is an effective and well-tolerated treatment option for patients with epilepsy. To ensure the clinical efficacy and safety of PER in pediatric patients, it is necessary to monitor its plasma concentrations.
TREATMENT OF INTERMEDIATE UVEITIS-ASSOCIATED RETINAL VASOPROLIFERATIVE TUMORS: A CASE SERIES
Authors: Elnahry Ayman G. , Bellur Sunil , Wiley Henry E. , Nida Sen H. , Kodati Shilpa 
Published: September 2023

Purpose:
To report the use of combination intravitreal pharmacotherapy using anti–vascular endothelial growth factor and short- and long-term corticosteroid implants for the treatment of retinal vasoproliferative tumors (VPTs) associated with intermediate uveitis.

Methods:
Retrospective chart review of patients with VPT secondary to idiopathic intermediate uveitis who underwent combination intravitreal pharmacotherapy at a single center was performed. Multimodal imaging including ultrawide field color fundus photography, ultrawide field fluorescein angiography, and optical coherence tomography obtained before and after treatment were reviewed.

Results:
Four eyes of four patients were treated with multiple injections of a combination of aflibercept, dexamethasone, and fluocinolone acetonide implants for VPT associated with intermediate uveitis. All four patients had improvement in visual acuity, intraocular inflammation, central macular thickness, and retinal vascular leakage, as well as regression of the VPT and reduction in lesion leakage on follow-up.

Conclusion:
Combination intravitreal anti–vascular endothelial growth factor and corticosteroid implants may be a useful approach for the treatment of intermediate uveitis-associated VPTs and can lead to both functional and structural improvement.
Postoperative longitudinal refractive changes in children younger than 8 years with ectopia lentis and Marfan syndrome
Authors: Liu Siyuan , Lian Zhangkai , Young Charlotte , Ng Kityee , Zhang Xinyu , Zheng Danying , Jin Guangming 
Published: September 2023

Purpose:
To evaluate the postoperative longitudinal refractive changes in children younger than 8 years with ectopia lentis and Marfan syndrome (MFS).

Setting:
Zhongshan ophthalmic center, Guangzhou, China.

Design:
Retrospective cohort study.

Methods:
Medical data of patients diagnosed with ectopia lentis and MFS that underwent surgery younger than 8 years were collected. Refractive errors and ocular biometric parameters were collected preoperatively and at each follow-up visit. Patients were stratified into groups according to age at surgery, and only the eye operated on first was selected. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine the association between refractive shift and potential risk factors.

Results:
In total, 54 eyes of 54 patients were enrolled. The median age at surgery was 6.21 years (interquartile range [IQR], 5.25 to 6.85), and the median follow-up was 2.0 years (IQR, 1.2 to 2.8 years). At age 8 years, patients demonstrated a median myopic shift ranged from −1.75 diopters (D) (IQR, −2.75 to −1.00 D) for the 4-year-old group to −0.13 D (IQR, −0.50 to −0.06 D) for the 7-year-old group. Multivariate analysis showed that greater myopic shift was associated with younger age at surgery (P = .004), male sex (P = .026), and shorter preoperative axis length (P = .005).

Conclusions:
A tendency toward increasing postoperative myopic was demonstrated in children with ectopia lentis and MFS, with the greatest myopic shift in the younger age groups. If the goal is to reach emmetropia by age 8 years, the immediate postoperative hypermetropic targets should be 1.75 D for age 4 years, 1 D for age 5 years, 0.5 D for age 6 years, and 0 to 0.25 D for age 7 years.
Occupational Factors Associated With Workers’ Depression, Anxiety, and General Fatigue
Authors: Kim Ka Young 
Published: September 2023

Objective
We aimed to examine occupational factors affecting workers’ mental health.

Methods
Using data from the fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey, 50,158 workers were analyzed. A multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the occupational factors.

Results
Sex, age, education level, occupational type, job satisfaction, shift work, and occupational exposure were risk factors for depression, anxiety, and general fatigue. Furthermore, complete application of PPE decreased the risk of depression and anxiety than no application, but partial application of PPE increased the risk of depression and anxiety. Complete and partial application of PPE increased the risk of general fatigue.

Conclusions
This study demonstrated that occupational factors are associated with mental health. This suggests that it is necessary to improve the working environment so that PPE can be applied structurally or systematically to protect against hazardous occupational exposure.
The number of metastatic lymph nodes is more predictive of prognosis than Location-based N stage for Non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Xu Long , Si Haojie , Su Hang , Wang Fang , Wu Junqi , She Yunlang , Hu Xuefei , Xie Dong , Zhao Deping , Li Qiuyuan , Guo Jianbo , Chen Chang ,   Surgical Thoracic Alliance of Rising Star Group
Published: September 2023

Background:
The eighth edition of nodal classification is defined only by anatomical location of metastatic lymph nodes and has limited prognostic discrimination power. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance and discriminatory capability of the number of metastatic lymph nodes (nN) in resected non-small cell lung cancer.

Materials and Methods:
Patients with stage IA to IIIB resected non-small cell lung cancer between January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2013 were analyzed as Chinese cohort. Optimal thresholds for the nN classification were determined by X-tile. The receiver operating characteristic curve, net reclassification improvement and standardized net benefit calculated by decision curve analysis was estimated to quantify the nN classification’s performance in prognostic stratification. External validation in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database was performed to test the robustness of nN classification.

Results:
Both cohorts showed a stepwise prognosis deterioration with increasing nN. One to three, four to six, and more than six were selected as optimal thresholds of nN classification in the Chinese cohort which included 4,432 patients, then validated in the SEER cohort (n=28,022 patients). Multivariate Cox analysis showed the nN classification was an independent predictive factor for overall survival in both cohorts (Chinese cohort and SEER cohort: N0 vs. N1-3, P<0.001; N0 vs. N3-6, P<0.001; N0 vs. N>6, P<0.001). And prognostic discriminatory capability was improved in the nN classification compared with location-based N classification [5-year NRI score, 0.106 (95% CI, 0.049-0.132) and 5-year time-independent AUC, 0.593(95% CI, 0.560-0.625) vs. 0.554(95%CI, 0.520-0.588), P<0.001].

Conclusions:
The nN classification tended to be a superior prognostic indicator than location-based N classification. The number of metastatic lymph nodes should be considered in the future revision of TNM system.