bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced electromagnetic interference shielding performance of patterned AgNWs doped MXene films in X-band
Authors: Shi Chaofan , Wang Mengyuan , Zhang Xin , Shi Wangzhou , Shi Hui , Zhang Yi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
MXene based materials have a high performance in electromagnetic interference shielding. However, designing a MXene-based electromagnetic interference shielding material with broad-band, lightweight, thin thickness properties is still a challenge. In this work, we successfully fabricated patterned MXene films and MXene/silver nanowires films using laser ablation technique, which could effectively boost the shielding efficiency of materials in X-band without adding the thickness and with less weight. As shown in the results, the shielding efficiency of the patterned MXene films increased with the pattern depth, up to 37.7 dB, which is 10% larger than that of un-patterned MXene film. The silver nanowires doped patterned films had the same trend, with a maximum shielding efficiency of 38.4 dB. We attribute this effect to the small interfaces brought by engraving pattern, which can make a growing number of reflections of electromagnetic waves in the material, reduce surface reflection, and enhance the shielding efficiency of MXene. Meanwhile, we verified the enhancement mechanism by simulation. This work provides a feasible strategy to boost electromagnetic shielding efficiency without increasing the thickness and weight of material, which may have a potential application prospect.
Field coupling-induced synchronization of a functional neuron with magnetic field perception
Authors: Zhang Li , An Xinlei , Zhang Jiangang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
It is difficult to explore the induced mechanism of neuronal firing activity and the cooperation between neurons experimentally, so some neuronal circuits are established to train mode transformation and selection. Furthermore, some functional device, for example, piezoelectric ceramic, thermistor, phototube are inset in neuronal circuits and the functional neurons are developed to perceive some specific physical signal. In this paper, a linear resistance and an ideal Josephson junction are parallelly connected to FitzHugh-Nagumo (FHN) neuronal circuit, and then a functional neuron is established to percept the induction currents induced by the external magnetic field. Some basic dynamics are analyzed in terms of two-parameter bifurcation, one-parameter bifurcation and interspike interval(ISI for short) bifurcation, it is indicated that the functional neuron is sensitive to the electromagnetic stimulation and has rich multimodal transformations. The period-adding bifurcations accompanied by multi-period and chaos between two period cascades occupy the entire bifurcation interval when the external magnetic field is given in steady state, while the irregular modal transformations between period and chaos can be observed when the functional neuron encounters a periodic external magnetic field. Furthermore, two functional neurons are bridged with a capacitor, so field coupling is induced, then the effects of coupling strengths on complete synchronization are investigated by calculating the synchronization error function and the bifurcation diagram. In addition, the local dynamics of the network node play an important role in collective behavior and synchronous transition, so two capacitor-coupled functional neurons is presented as the network nodes, and a chain neural network is constructed to explore the effects of external magnetic field and coupling strength on network synchronous behavior. Obviously, the orderliness of the neural network can enhance or destroy under different modulation of external magnetic stimulation and coupling strength. It can give insights to investigate synchronization on neural networks with field coupling and useful guidance for implementing artificial synapse for signal processing.
Investigation of adding metal foams and slip velocity on natural convection in a square mini-cavity
Authors: Derikvand Mohammad , Emamifar Armin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This study simultaneously investigates the impacts of adding aluminum foam and slip velocity on natural convection in a square mini-cavity using a numerical method based on Finite Volume Method with SIMPLE algorithm. In order to model various phenomena in the current study, the impacts of changing parameters such as Rayleigh number, slip factor, and Darcy number studies on streamlines, isotherms, and Nusselt number. Increasing Ra number improves the mixing fluid flow and makes vortexes bigger, leading to enhancing Nu number. Likewise, slip velocity affects the boundary layer and temperature distribution, increasing the portion of convection by around 57% in the best case. Furthermore, adding metal foam has various outcomes depending on Ra and Da numbers. The effect of aluminum foam in higher permeability is better in improving Nu number. Simultaneously adding metal foam with Da = 0.1 and slip velocity (λ = 0.1) in the square mini-cavity increases Nu number by approximately 130%. However, In the absence of slip velocity, Nu number decreases by around 6% at Da = 0.0001. So, it is noteworthy that the permeability of porous media has a critical amount in natural convection to be used positively.
Revisiting semiconductor bulk hamiltonians using quantum computers
Authors: de Souza Pimenta Raphael César , Bezerra Anibal Thiago 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
With the advent of near-term quantum computers, it is now possible to simulate solid-state properties using quantum algorithms. By an adequate description of the system's Hamiltonian, variational methods enable to fetch of the band structure and other fundamental properties as transition probabilities. Here, we describe semiconductor structures of the III-V family using k·p Hamiltonians and obtain their band structures using a state vector solver, a probabilistic simulator, and a real noisy-device simulator. The resulting band structures are in good agreement with those obtained by direct diagonalization of the Hamiltonian. The simulation times depend on the optimizer, circuit depth, and simulator used. Finally, with the optimized eigenstates, we convey the inter-band absorption probability, demonstrating the possibility of analyzing the fundamental properties of crystalline systems using quantum computers.
Match Zehnder interferometry and Laguerre–Gaussian fields dependent photon drag in atomic medium
Authors: Muhammad Nisar , Arif Syed Muhammad , Bacha Bakht Amin , Javed Muhammad , Khan Aurangzeb 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The absorption, dispersion and transmission are controlled and modified with the intensities of Laguerre–Gaussian control fields in a four level cesium atomic medium. The normal and anomalous slope of dispersion are investigated for subluminal and superluminal propagation. The maximum measured value of positive/negative group index is n

g
=±1×107, at which, the group velocity is ±30 ms−1. The maximum delay time between the two beams at the detector without dragging is 0.414 ns and in the presence of dragging is measured to 0.44 ns. The fractional change in delay time without and in the presence of dragging Δt

F
is measured to ±2%. The maximum phase shift without dragging is reported to 2.6 micro radian and in the presence of dragging is investigated to ±4 micro radian. The fractional change in phase shift is reported from −200% to 50% and may be used for gravitational waves detection and other signals identification.
A flexible floating-gate based organic field-effect transistor non-volatile memory based on F8BT/PMMA integrated floating-gate/tunneling layer
Authors: Shu Shiyao , Xu Ting , Su Jie 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The solution mixing method was adopted to build polymer semiconductor poly(9,9-dioctylflfluorene-co-benzothiadiazole) (F8BT) nanoparticles (NPs), which were mixed with poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) in a solution to prepare an integrated floating-gate/tunneling layer. On this basis, flexible floating-gate based organic field-effect transistor non-volatile memories (F-OFET-NVMs) were prepared. The intrinsic correlations of the microstructures in the integrated floating-gate/tunneling layer of the memory devices with the device performance were explored. Moreover, correlations of the charge injection and discharge, physical mechanism of memory, and charge trapping capacity of the floating-gate/tunneling layer with different F8BT/PMMA mass ratios with the key parameters of memory devices were investigated. Relevant results indicate that the memory devices are able to well trap charges inside the F8BT NPs during operation at a programming voltage of +40 V, an erasing voltage of −40 V, and a pulse width of 1 s. The floating gate acquires the injected and trapped bipolar charges (electrons and holes). The optimized high-performance memory device is found to have an average memory window of 9.5 V, remain stable for more than three years, and have reliable stability in more than 100 erase/write cycles. Furthermore, the memory device also exhibits outstanding durability under mechanical bending and still has high storage stability after 6,000 times of bending with a bending radius of 3 mm. The research results powerfully promote the research progress of applying semiconductor polymers to memory devices.
New role of null lagrangians in derivation of equations of motion for dynamical systems
Authors: Das R , Musielak Z E 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The space of null Lagrangians is the least investigated territory in dynamics as these Lagrangians are identically sent to zero by their Euler–Lagrange operator, and thereby they are having no effects on equations of motion. A procedure that significantly generalizes the previous work, which appeared in (2022, Physica Scripta
97, 125213), is developed and used to construct null Lagrangians and then the corresponding non-standard Lagrangians, which represent a range of interesting dynamical systems. By using the generalized procedure, derivation of equations of motion for a harmonic oscillator as well as for the Bateman and Duffing oscillators is presented. The obtained results demonstrate a new role played by the null Lagrangians and their corresponding non-standard Lagrangians in describing linear and nonlinear, and dissipative and non-dissipative dynamical systems.
Research on interference and noise reduction technology of solar radio observation system
Authors: Zhang Lei , Shen Yupeng , Wu Zhao , Yan Fabao , Su Yanrui 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The dynamic spectrum of solar radio burst is a very important tool to study the characteristics of solar radio burst. However, due to the influence of the instruments noise of the solar radio telescope, external interference, the change of ambient temperature, absorption of clouds and so on, the sensitivity of the observation system will be reduced. In particular, the weak solar radio burst signal is easily submerged by various interference signals. In order to improve the sensitivity of solar radio telescope to observe solar radio burst signals and remove narrow-band interference signals, a spectrum data processing algorithm of spectral subtraction method based on entropy and energy threshold values (SSM-EE) is proposed in this article. There are multiple processing steps of SSM-EE. The first step is to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) through accumulating and averaging the spectrum data. The second step is to eliminate narrowband interference. The spectral kurtosis algorithm is used to calculate the spectral kurtosis of the narrowband interference signal, and then whether to smooth it is determined according to whether it is greater than the threshold. The third step is to establish a noise model. Calculating the power spectrum entropy and energy entropy of each frame of the processed spectrum data, judge whether it is a noise signal by judging the relationship between the power spectrum entropy and energy entropy and the corresponding threshold. The update model for noise floor is used to obtain the real-time noise floor data. The last step is to eliminate the background noise through spectral subtraction. The new spectrum data are obtained by subtraction method between the original spectrum data and the noise floor data. After a large number of data simulation and verification of the actual observation data, it shows that the method proposed in this article has good practical value.
Reaching Submillisecond Accuracy in Stellar Occultations and Artificial Satellite Tracking
Authors: Kamiński K. , Weber C. , Marciniak A. , Żołnowski M. , Gędek M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In recent years, there appeared a need for astronomical observations timed with submillisecond accuracy. These include, e.g., timing stellar occultations by small, subkilometer, or fast near-Earth asteroids and tracking artificial satellites in low-Earth orbit using optical sensors. Precise astrometry of fast-moving satellites and accurate timing of stellar occultations have parallel needs, requiring a reliable time source and good knowledge of camera delays. Thus, there is a need for an external device that would enable equipment and camera testing to check if they reach the required accuracy in time. We designed, constructed, and thoroughly tested a New EXposure Timing Analyser (NEXTA), a Global Navigation Satellite System–based precise timer allowing us to reach an accuracy of 0.1 ms, which is an order of magnitude better than in previously available tools. The device is a simple strip of blinking diodes to be imaged with a camera and compare the imaged time with the internal camera time stamp. Our tests spanned a range of scientific cameras widely used for stellar occultations and ground-based satellite tracking. The results revealed high reliability of both NEXTA and most of the tested cameras but also pointed out that practically all cameras had internal time biases of various levels. NEXTA can serve the community, being easily reproducible with inexpensive components. We provide all the necessary schemes and usage instructions.
Non-Hermitian Ising model at finite temperature
Authors: Du Qian , Cao Kui , Kou Su-Peng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
As a very simple model, the Ising model plays an important role in statistical physics. In the paper, with the help of quantum Liouvillian statistical theory, we study the one-dimensional non-Hermitian Ising model at finite temperature and give its analytical solutions. We find that the non-Hermitian Ising model shows quite different properties from those of its Hermitian counterpart. For example, the ‘pseudo-phase transition’ is explored between the ‘topological’ phase and the ‘non-topological’ phase, at which the Liouvillian energy gap is closed rather than the usual energy gap. In particular, we point out that the one-dimensional non-Hermitian Ising model at finite temperature can be equivalent to an effective anisotropic XY model in the transverse field. This work will help people understand quantum statistical properties of non-Hermitian systems at finite temperatures.
Determining the nuclear temperature dependence on source neutron-proton asymmetry in heavy-ion reactions at intermediate energy*
Authors: Qu Guofeng , Huang Yu , Zheng Hua , Liu Xingquan , Wada R. , Lin Weiping , Huang Meirong , Han Jifeng , Ren Peipei , Yang Zhenlei , Zhang Xin , Leng Qiangzhong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this article, we investigate the dependence of nuclear temperature on emitting source neutron-proton (

) asymmetry with light charged particles (LCPs) and intermediate mass fragments (IMFs) generated from intermediate-velocity sources in thirteen reaction systems with different

asymmetries,

on

, and

,

on

,

,

, and

at 40 MeV/nucleon. The apparent temperature values of LCPs and IMFs from different systems are deduced from the measured yields using two helium-related and eight carbon-related double isotope ratio thermometers, respectively. Then, the sequential decay effect on the experimental apparent temperature deduction with the double isotope ratio thermometers is quantitatively corrected explicitly with the aid of the quantum statistical model. The present treatment is an improvement compared to our previous studies in which an indirect method was adopted to qualitatively consider the sequential decay effect. A negligible

asymmetry dependence of the real temperature after the correction is quantitatively addressed in heavy-ion reactions at the present intermediate energy, where a change of 0.1 units in source

asymmetry corresponds to an absolute change in temperature of an order of 0.03 to 0.29 MeV on average for LCPs and IMFs. This conclusion is in close agreement with that inferred qualitatively via the indirect method in our previous studies.
Thickness measurements and uncertainty evaluation of a multilayer thin-film sample using auxiliary single-layer samples
Authors: Park Jungjae , Bae Jaeseok , Jang Yoon-Soo , Jin Jonghan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Multilayer thin-film structures are widely used for many different types of devices in the semiconductor, display, and battery manufacturing industries. In such devices, the thickness of each layer should be strictly controlled to meet desired performance requirements. Various measurement techniques have been utilized to take thickness measurements, but verification of these measurements continues to rely on simple comparisons. In this study, for an uncertainty evaluation of a multilayer thin-film structure, a four-layer multilayer sample (SiO2-SiN-SiON-SiO2) with each layer having a nominal thickness of 100 nm was fabricated together with auxiliary single-layer thin-film samples fabricated at the time of each deposition step for each layer. The multilayer sample and auxiliary samples (ASs) were measured using a calibrated spectral reflectometer, after which their interference spectra were analyzed to determine their thicknesses through a model-based analysis. Based on the measurement results, the uncertainty of the multilayer sample was evaluated by considering two components: the uncertainty of the AS, which included the thickness analysis resolution, measurement repeatability, and thickness uniformity; and the thickness offset between the four-layer multilayer sample and the ASs. Finally, the measurement uncertainties of the thin-film thicknesses in the multilayer sample were evaluated and found to be 10.8 nm at the first layer, 9.8 nm at the second layer, 7.8 nm at the third layer, and 3.3 nm at the fourth layer.
In silico study of the effects of cerebral circulation on source localization using a dynamical anatomical atlas of the human head
Authors: Lahtinen Joonas , Moura Fernando , Samavaki Maryam , Siltanen Samuli , Pursiainen Sampsa 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objective. This study focuses on the effects of dynamical vascular modeling on source localization errors in electroencephalography (EEG). Our aim of this in silico study is to (a) find out the effects of cerebral circulation on the accuracy of EEG source localization estimates, and (b) evaluate its relevance with respect to measurement noise and interpatient variation. Approach. We employ a four-dimensional (3D + T) statistical atlas of the electrical properties of the human head with a cerebral circulation model to generate virtual patients with different cerebral circulatory conditions for EEG source localization analysis. As source reconstruction techniques, we use the linearly constraint minimum variance (LCMV) beamformer, standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA), and the dipole scan (DS). Main results. Results indicate that arterial blood flow affects source localization at different depths and with varying significance. The average flow rate plays an important role in source localization performance, while the pulsatility effects are very small. In cases where a personalized model of the head is available, blood circulation mismodeling causes localization errors, especially in the deep structures of the brain where the main cerebral arteries are located. When interpatient variations are considered, the results show differences up to 15 mm for sLORETA and LCMV beamformer and 10 mm for DS in the brainstem and entorhinal cortices regions. In regions far from the main arteries vessels, the discrepancies are smaller than 3 mm. When measurement noise is added and interpatient differences are considered in a deep dipolar source, the results indicate that the effects of conductivity mismatch are detectable even for moderate measurement noise. The signal-to-noise ratio limit for sLORETA and LCMV beamformer is 15 dB, while the limit is under 30 dB for DS. Significance. Localization of the brain activity via EEG constitutes an ill-posed inverse problem, where any modeling uncertainty, e.g. a slight amount of noise in the data or material parameter discrepancies, can lead to a significant deviation of the estimated activity, especially in the deep structures of the brain. Proper modeling of the conductivity distribution is necessary in order to obtain an appropriate source localization. In this study, we show that the conductivity of the deep brain structures is particularly impacted by blood flow-induced changes in conductivity because large arteries and veins access the brain through that region.
MHD simulation on magnetic compression of field reversed configurations with NIMROD
Authors: Ma Y. , Zhu P. , Rao B. , Li H. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Magnetic compression has long been proposed a promising method for plasma heating in a field reversed configuration (FRC). However, it remains a challenge to fully understand the physical mechanisms underlying the compression process, due to its highly dynamic nature beyond the one-dimensional (1D) adiabatic theory model (Spencer et al 1983 Phys. Fluids
26 1564). In this work, magnetohydrodynamics simulations on the magnetic compression of FRCs using the NIMROD code (Sovinec et al 2004 J. Comput. Phys.
195 355) and their comparisons with the 1D theory have been performed. The effects of the assumptions of the theory on the compression process have been explored, and the detailed profiles of the FRC during compression have been investigated. The pressure evolution agrees with the theoretical prediction under various initial conditions. The axial contraction of the FRC can be affected by the initial density profile and the ramping rate of the compression magnetic field, but the theoretical predictions on the FRC’s length in general and the relation

r
s

=

2

r
o

in particular hold approximately well during the whole compression process, where r

s
is the major radius of FRC separatrix and r

o
is that of the magnetic axis. The evolutions of the density and temperature can be affected significantly by the initial equilibrium profile and the ramping rate of the compression magnetic field. During the compression, the major radius of the FRC is another parameter that is susceptible to the ramping rate of the compression field. Basically, for the same magnetic compression ratio, the peak density is higher and the FRC’s radius r

s
is smaller than the theoretical predictions.