bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artificial intelligence approach for the analysis of placebo-controlled clinical trials in major depressive disorders accounting for individual propensity to respond to placebo
Authors: Gomeni Roberto , Bressolle-Gomeni Francoise , Fava Maurizio 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Treatment effect in clinical trials for major depressive disorders (RCT) can be viewed as the resultant of treatment specific and non-specific effects. Baseline individual propensity to respond non-specifically to any treatment or intervention can be considered as a major non-specific confounding effect. The greater is the baseline propensity, the lower will be the chance to detect any treatment-specific effect. The statistical methodologies currently applied for analyzing RCTs doesn’t account for potential unbalance in the allocation of subjects to treatment arms due to heterogenous distributions of propensity. Hence, the groups to be compared may be imbalanced, and thus incomparable. Propensity weighting methodology was used to reduce baseline imbalances between arms. A randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled, three arms, parallel group, 8-week, fixed-dose study to evaluate efficacy of paroxetine CR 12.5 and 25 mg/day is presented as a cases study. An artificial intelligence model was developed to predict placebo response at week 8 in subjects assigned to placebo arm using changes from screening to baseline of individual Hamilton Depression Rating Scale items. This model was used to predict the probability to respond to placebo in each subject. The inverse of the probability was used as weight in the mixed-effects model applied to assess treatment effect. The analysis with and without propensity weight indicated that the weighted analysis provided an estimate of treatment effect and effect-size about twice larger than the non-weighted analysis. Propensity weighting provides an unbiased strategy to account for heterogeneous and uncontrolled placebo effect making patients’ data comparable across treatment arms.
Prevalence and factors associated with underweight among 15–49-year-old women in Sierra Leone: A secondary Data Analysis of Sierra Leone Demographic Health Survey of 2019
Authors: Ikoona Eric Nzirakaindi , Toure Mame Awa , Njenga Amon , Namulemo Lucy , Kaluya Ronald , Kamara Kassim , Oyat Freddy Wathum Drinkwater , Kitara David Lagoro , Aloyo Judith 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Women are at risk of being underweight due to biological, socio-economic, and cultural factors. Underweight women have higher risks of poor obstetric outcomes. We aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with being underweight among women of reproductive age (15–49 years) in Sierra Leone.
Methods
We used the Sierra Leone Demographic and Health Survey (2019-SLDHS) data of 5,714 women aged 15 to 49 years, excluding the pregnant, post-natal, lactating, and post-menopausal women. A multistage stratified sampling approach was used to select study participants, and data was collected using validated questionnaires. A multivariable logistic regression analysis determined factors associated with underweight among 15–49-year-old women in Sierra Leone. Ethical approval for the study was obtained.
Results
The prevalence of underweight was 6.7% (502/7,514). Women who belonged to the 15–24-year age group (Adjusted Odds Ratio) (AOR) = 2.499,95%CI:2.394–2.596; p < 0.001 were 2.5 times more likely to be underweight compared to the 25–34-year age group. Not married women AOR = 0.594, 95%CI:0.467–0.755; p < 0.001 were less likely to be underweight compared to married women. Women residing in the northern region AOR = 0.734,95%CI:0.559–0.963; p = 0.026 were least likely to be underweight compared to the East. Women who did not listen to radios AOR = 0.673,95%CI:0.673–0.826; p < 0.001 were less likely to be underweight compared to those who did.
Conclusion
The prevalence of underweight among women in the reproductive age in Sierra Leone is low and the factor associated with underweight was age group (15–24 years). There is a need to address the socio-economic determinants of underweight among women, mainly due to poverty and other inequalities.
Acute and Subacute Intraocular Pressure and Macular Microvascular Structure changes after Intravitreal Ranibizumab Injection in Eyes with Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion
Authors: Li xiaoyu , Qin Chen , Yu Xiaobing 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose. To investigate early changes in the intraocular pressure (IOP) and macular microvascular structure in eyes with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) treated with intravitreal Ranibizumab injection.
Methods. This study enrolled 30 patients (one eye per patient) who received intravitreal injections (IVI) of ranibizumab for macular edema secondary to BRVO. IOP were measured before, 30 minutes (min) and 1 month following IVI. Changes in macular microvascular structure were examined via assessment of foveal avascular zone (FAZ) parameters, vascular density (VD) of superficial vascular complex (SVC), and deep vascular complex (DVC) in whole macula, central fovea and parafovea area which were measured automatically by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) on the same time as IOP examinations. Paired t test and Wilcoxon test were used to compare pre- and post-injection values. The correlation between IOP and OCTA findings was assessed.
Results. IOP Measurements at 30 min post-IVI (17.91 ± 3.36 mmHg) increased significantly from baseline (15.07 ± 2.58 mmHg, p < 0.001), then became similar with baseline after 1 month (15.00 ± 3.16 mmHg, p = 0.925). 30 min past the injection, the parameters of VD of the SCP significantly decreased in comparison to baseline, then became similar with baseline after one month, while there were no significant changes in other OCTA parameters, including parameters of VD of the DCP and the FAZ. At 1 month after IVI, in comparison to baseline, no significant changes were observed in all of the OCTA parameters (P > 0.05). There were no significant correlations between IOP and OCTA findings no matter 30 min or 1 month post-IVI (P >0.05).
Conclusions. Transient IOP elevation and decreased superficial macular capillary perfusion density were detected 30 min post-IVI, however, no potential continual macular microvascular damage was suspected.
WITHDRAWN: Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Distal Aortic Enlargement after Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair of Stanford Type B Aortic Dissection: A Multicenter, Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Guo Yilong , Rong Dan , Ge Yangyang , Ge Xiaohu , Miao Jianhang , Fan Weidong , Zhang Hongpeng , Wei Ren , Guo Wei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) is an important treatment for patients with acute complicated Stanford type B aortic dissection. However, postoperative distal aortic enlargement is a severe complication of TEVAR. This study aimed to construct a prediction model for postoperative distal aortic enlargement using machine learning algorithms and explore high-risk factors that accelerate the progression of postoperative distal aortic enlargement.
Methods: Study participants were selected from the multicenter, open cohort ROBUST (Registry Of type B aortic dissection with the Utility of STent graft) study. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression method was employed to select variables. Seven machine learning algorithms (k-nearest neighbor, logistic regression, decision tree, random forest, support vector machine, sklearn neural network, and extreme gradient boosting) were applied to construct prediction models. Further, to explore the important factors that affected the progression of postoperative distal aortic enlargement, we applied three different regression algorithms (random forest, extreme gradient boosting, and light gradient boosting machine) to analyze the data of patients with postoperative distal aortic enlargement.
Results: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 184 patients who underwent thoracic endovascular aortic repair for type B aortic dissection at four medical centers. The median follow-up time was 12.37 months (IQR, 8.07–18.17 months). In total, 26 variables were identified using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression. The model constructed using the random forest algorithm exhibited the best prediction performance among the seven models. The regression model constructed by the light gradient boosting machine showed better performance than the other two models. Accordingly, TAT_2.0 (partial thrombosis of the thoracic aorta), SVS (scored according to the comorbidity grading system of the Society for Vascular Surgery), and VRAOFL (visceral or renal aorta originating from a false lumen) were the top three high-risk factors that accelerated the progression of PDAE.
Conclusions: The random forest prediction model can improve the prediction accuracy for postoperative distal aortic enlargement, and the light gradient boosting machine regression model can identify high-risk factors that accelerate the progression of postoperative distal aortic enlargement.
The distribution of Western flower thrips trapped on yellow cylinder
Authors: Ben-Yakir David , Tol Robert W.H.M. , Bovio Marcella , Ribak Gal 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The Western flower thrips (WFT), Frankliniella occidentalis, is a very important pest of many crops worldwide and a vector of viral pathogens. Monitoring WFT in open fields using attractive colored traps mounted on wind vane indicated that the vast majority of trapped thrips were on the leeward side of the traps. In this study, we determined the distribution of trapped WFT on cylindrical yellow traps under controlled conditions in a wind tunnel (24 ± 1°C, 70 ± 4% RH, airflow speeds 0.19 m sec− 1). In each experiment, we released 150–250 WFT females, either upwind or downwind of the cylindrical yellow sticky trap. Each experiment lasted six hours. Overall, 79%±14 of the released WFT females flew actively and 59%±15 of those that flew were trapped. The vast majority of the thrips were trapped on leeward side of the cylindrical yellow traps. Of the WFT females released downwind of the trap, 93%±3 (N = 6) were trapped on the leeward side, while of those released upwind of the trap, 81%±8 (N = 7) were trapped on the leeward side. A behavioral-biomechanical model simulating WFT flight towards the attractive yellow cylinders predicted that, as long as airflow speed is below the WFT flight speed, 71–84% of the WFT will be trapped on the leeward side. The results of this study are in agreement with the trapping distributions of WFT recorded in field studies. The results also suggest that, when airflow speed is below the WFT flight speed, most WFT approach visually attractive traps by actively flying upwind.
Implementation of a remote monitoring program for neonates requiring continued nasogastric tube feeding: patient characteristics and early outcomes
Authors: Fisher Christina , Haag Meredith , Douglas Angela , Kayhani Arnette , Warren Jamie 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objective
Our neonatal intensive care unit utilizes remote patient monitoring to facilitate hospital discharge with nasogastric tube (NGT) feeds. Program implementation, patient characteristics, and initial outcomes are described.
Study Design
Data collection for this descriptive study includes daily weights, oral and NGT feeding volumes, days of NGT feeds, and hospital readmissions. Descriptive statistics define number of NGT feed days, number of hospital days saved, number of days on monitoring, and weight gain.
Results
One-hundred and four of the 109 babies discharged on the program provided consent for and completed data collection. Mean gestational age at birth was 32w5d (range 24w0d to 40w4d). Eighty-nine babies (85.6%) achieved full oral feeds while on the program, with a median of 7 hospital days saved for this subset (IQR 4.0-14.3 days). Six babies (5.8%) had unscheduled readmissions while on the program.
Conclusion
Remote monitoring programs can facilitate discharge for babies with continued NGT needs.
Comparative Analysis of Diversity Combining Schemes in Power Limited Cognitive Radio under the impact of Co-Channel Interference
Authors: Bindra kavita Vij , sood Varsha Vimal , Khanna Rajesh , Sharma Surbhi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The authors investigate the performance of various diversity combining schemes in Internet of Things- Cognitive Radios (IOT-CR) system under the influence of co-channel interference limited environment. An approximate expression for probability density function (PDF) of maximum signal to interference ratio (SIR) at the receiver has been derived. By utilizing the derived PDF, closed loop expressions for Average post processing SIR, Ergodic capacity and Average bit error rate (ABER) have been derived. The proposed CR system is studied and analyzed under the impact of Peak transmit power (PTP) and Peak interference power (PIP) constraints. The achieved result shows that the Optimum combining (OC) at the receiver outperforms the traditional combining schemes in co-channel interference (CCI) scenario.
In-vitro activity of hyaluronic acid and human serum on periodontal biofilm and periodontal ligament fibroblasts
Authors: Zhu Xilei , von Werdt Livia , Zappalà Graziano , Sculean Anton , Eick Sigrun , Stähli Alexandra 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objectives: A beneficial effect of cross-linked hyaluronic acid (cHA) on periodontal wound healing and regeneration has recently been demonstrated. The present in-vitro study was designed to obtain deeper knowledge on the effect of cHA when applied in the gingival sulcus (serum-rich environment) during non-surgical periodontal therapy.
Materials and methods: The influence of cHA, human serum (HS) and cHA/HS on (i) a 12-species biofilm formation, (ii) the adhesion of periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLF) to dentine surface, (iii) the expression and secretion of interleukin-8 and (iv) the expression of receptors of HA in PDLF and gingival fibroblasts (GF) were evaluated.
Results: At 4 h of biofilm formation, cHA and HS in combination (cHA/HS) slightly decreased the colony forming unit counts in biofilm whereas the metabolic activity of biofilm was reduced in all test groups (cHA, HS, cHA/HS) vs. control. At 24 h, the quantity of biofilm was reduced in all test groups vs. untreated control. The test substances did not affect adhesion of PDLF to dentin. HS increased the expression of IL-8 by PDLF and GF which was partially downregulated by cHA. HS and/or cHA promoted the expression of the HA receptor RHAAM in GF but not in PDLF.
Conclusions: In summary, the present data indicate that serum neither negatively affect the activity of cHA against periodontal biofilm, nor had any unwanted influence on the activity of PDLF.
Clinical relevance: These findings lend additional support for the positive effects of cHA on cells involved in periodontal wound healing, thus pointing to its potential use in non-surgical periodontal therapy.
Potential drivers of human tick-borne encephalitis in the Örebro region of Sweden, 2010-2021
Authors: Kjaer Lene Jung , Johansson Magnus , Lindgren Per-Eric , Asghar Naveed , Wilhelmsson Peter , Fredlund Hans , Christensson Madeleine , Wallenhammar Amélie , Bødker René , Rasmussen Gunløg , Kjellander Petter 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Incidence of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) has increased during the last years in Scandinavia, but the underlying mechanism is not understood. TBE human case data reported between 2010 and 2021 (N = 81) was aggregated into postal codes within Örebro County, south-central Sweden, along with tick abundance and environmental data to analyse spatial patterns and drivers of TBE. We identified a substantial and continuing increase of human TBE incidence in Örebro County during the study period. Although the spatial pattern varied between years, spatial cluster analyses showed significant hotspots (higher number of cases than expected) in the southern and northern parts of Örebro County, whereas a cold spot (lower number of cases than expected) was found in the central part comprising Örebro municipality. Generalised linear models showed that the risk for residents of acquiring TBE increased by approximately 141% for every percent increase in the proportion of wetland forest, however models had relatively low goodness of fit (R2 < 0.25). Results suggest that incidence of TBE in Örebro County is spatially clustered, however variables used in this study, i.e., forest cover, water, tick abundance, sheep as indicator species, alone do not explain these patterns.
Down-regulation of FUBP1 is related to intervertrbral disc degeneration through NRF2 signalling pathway
Authors: Jiang Jiang , Dong Yi-jun , Niu Lei , Zheng Meng-long , Chen Xi , Cai Hai-ping , Zhang Wen‑zhi , Hu Jun 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Aim: Herein, we plan to explore the potential mechanism between intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) and FUBP1 in reactive oxygen species mitochondria.
Methods: IDD samples were collected from our hospital and applied in our study. Firstly, the expression and function of FUBP1 were detected in IDD samples and cells by qRT-PCR and in vivo assays. Then, the downstream gene of FUBP1 was explored and verified in functional experiments. Finally, the whole mechanism of FUBP1 in IDD was elucidated clearly.
Results:FUBP1 was found to be dysregulated in early and advanced stages of IDD, and its sh-FUBP1 suppressed NP cell proliferation, while over-FUBP1 promoted cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Then, NRF2 was considered a target gene of FUBP1 in IDD, which was confirmed in experiments. FUBP1 had a positive relation with NRF2 in IDD.
Conclusion: In this study, we mainly make an investigation on FUBP1 and IDD progression based on the early and advanced IDD samples and a series of functional assays. It is concluded that FUBP1 could weaken the progression of IDD by targeting NRF2, which gives directions for the clinical therapy of IDD patients.
Pain is red, relief is white: the influence of color on pain perception prevails over pain modality
Authors: Wiercioch-Kuzianik Karolina , Brączyk Justyna , Bieniek Helena , Bąbel Przemysław 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Colors are an important factor that influences different aspects of people's lives. However, little is known about the effects of colors on pain. This study aimed to investigate whether the type of pain affects the impact of colors on pain intensity. 74 participants were randomly divided into 2 groups according to the type of pain: electrical or thermal. In both groups, pain stimuli of the same intensity were preceded by different colors. Participants rated the pain intensity induced by each pain stimulus. Additionally, pain expectations related to each color were rated at the beginning and the end of the procedure. A significant effect of color on pain intensity ratings was found. In the electrical group, the perceived pain intensity following red was more intense than after green; in the thermal group, the perceived pain intensity following red was more intense than after blue. Moreover, the pain was most intense in both groups after red, whereas the lowest ratings were given after white. A similar pattern of results was observed for pain expectations. The study shows that white could reduce perceived pain, while red can alter the pain. Moreover, it shows that the effect of colors is affected by the pain expectations rather than the pain modality. We conclude that the way colors influence pain broadens the current knowledge on effects of colors on human behavior and could help in the future both patients and practitioners.
Parametric maps of spatial two-tissue compartment model for prostate dynamic contrast enhanced MRI - comparison with the standard Tofts model in the diagnosis of prostate cancer
Authors: ZHOU Xueyan , Fan Xiaobing , Chatterjee Aritrick , Yousuf Ambereen , Antic Tatjana , Oto Aytekin , Karczmar Gregory S. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The spatial two-tissue compartment model (2TCM) was used to analyze prostate dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI data and compared with the standard Tofts model. A total of 29 patients with biopsy-confirmed prostate cancer were included in this IRB-approved study. MRI data were acquired on a Philips Achieva 3T-TX scanner. After T2-weighted and diffusion-weighted imaging, DCE data using 3D T1-FFE mDIXON sequence were acquired pre- and post-contrast media injection (0.1 mmol/kg Multihance) for 60 dynamic scans with temporal resolution of 8.3 s/image. The 2TCM has one fast (K1trans and k1ep) and one slow (K2trans and k2ep) exchanging compartment, compared with the standard Tofts model parameters (Ktrans and kep). On average, prostate cancer had significantly higher values (p < 0.007) than normal prostate tissue for all calculated parameters. There was a strong correlation (r = 0.94, p < 0.0001) between Ktrans and K1trans for cancer, but weak correlation (r = 0.28, p < 0.05) between kep and k1ep. Average root-mean-square error (RMSE) in fits from the 2TCM was significantly smaller (p < 0.001) than the RMSE in fits from the Tofts model. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that fast K1trans had the highest area under the curve (AUC) than any other individual parameter. The combined four parameters from the 2TCM had a considerably higher AUC value than the combined two parameters from the Tofts model. The 2TCM may be useful for quantitative analysis of prostate DCE-MRI data and may provide new information in the diagnosis of prostate cancer.
Spin-selective strong light-matter coupling in a 2D hole gas-microcavity system
Authors: Suárez-Forero Daniel , Session Deric , Mehrabad Mahmoud Jalali , Knuppel Patrick , Fält Stefan , Wegscheider Werner , Hafezi Mohammad 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The interplay between time-reversal symmetry breaking and strong light-matter coupling in 2D gases brings intriguing aspects to polariton physics. This combination can lead to polarization/spin selective light-matter interaction in the strong coupling regime. In this work, we report such a selective strong light-matter interaction by harnessing a 2D gas in the quantum Hall regime coupled to a microcavity. Specifically, we demonstrate circular-polarization dependence of the vacuum Rabi splitting, as a function of magnetic field and hole density. We provide a quantitative understanding of the phenomenon by modeling the coupling of optical transitions between Landau levels to the microcavity. This method introduces a control tool over the spin degree of freedom in polaritonic semiconductor systems, paving the way for new experimental possibilities in light-matter hybrids.