bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brain Tumor Classification in Sustainable Healthcare using Machine Learning
Authors: Patel Sanjay 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

In sustainable healthcare, early and accurate diagnosis is crucial in reducing the burden on healthcare systems and improving patient outcomes. This paper explores the application of machine learning techniques, specifically K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) and Support Vector Classifier (SVC), for classifying brain tumors based on medical imaging data. By leveraging these machine learning methods, we aim to provide an efficient and interpretable solution that maintains high accuracy while optimizing computational resources. Machine learning models, due to their lower resource demands, are more suitable than deep learning approaches for sustainable healthcare environments, particularly in scenarios with limited infrastructure. The proposed models are validated through cross validation and hyperparameter tuning to achieve optimal performance. Our results demonstrate the potential of machine learning in brain tumor classification, offering a balance between accuracy and sustainability, and paving the way for more scalable and accessible diagnostic systems.
Tweak Promotes Neovascularization And Brain Damage Reduction In A Rat Model Of Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Romaus-Sanjurjo Daniel , López-Arias Esteban , Rodríguez Cristina , Hervella Pablo , Rodríguez-Arrizabalaga Mariña , Debasa-Mouce Manuel , Pías-Peleteiro Juan Manuel , Iglesias-Rey Ramón , Aguiar Pablo , Almeida Ángeles , Castillo José , Ouro Alberto , Sobrino Tomás 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is one of the most devastating and disabling forms of stroke; however, there are no effective pharmacological therapies following the insult. Angiogenesis appears as a key step to overcome the damage and promote functional recovery. In this context, endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) mobilization promotes neovascularization which has been linked to beneficial outcomes following both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. The TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK), binding to its receptor Fn14, has been suggested as an inducer of EPCs differentiation, viability and migration to the injury site in a model of myocardial infarction. Here, we have performed a proof-of-concept preclinical study in a rat model of ICH where we report that a 50 µg/kg dose of rat recombinant TWEAK (rTWEAK) promotes EPCs mobilization, as soon as 72 h post-injury, brain neovascularization, and, importantly, long-term hematoma reduction and functional recovery. In contrast, a higher dose of 150 µg/kg blocked those beneficial outcomes. Therefore, a low-dose of rTWEAK treatment promotes neovascularization and reduces brain damage in a rat model of ICH. Further clinical studies will be needed to demonstrate if rTWEAK could represent a new strategy to promote recovery following ICH.
Assessing the Impact of Eliminating Export Subsidies in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Mohammad , Strutt Anna , Kim Chanwahn 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The debate over export subsidy reform is crucial for many developing countries. This study analyses the impact of reducing or eliminating export subsidies for Bangladesh using a computable general equilibrium framework. Our simulations indicate that the partial removal of export subsidies has a positive effect on GDP. If export subsidies are eliminated only in the RMG sector real GDP increases by 0.04 per cent, which is similar to the full elimination of export subsidies by all sectors – perhaps not surprising given the significant contribution of this sector to GDP and that most subsidies apply to this sector. When export subsidies are reduced by 50 percent, with the funding transferred to seven targeted low-income household groups, real GDP is projected to increase by about 0.81 percent. Government transfers to households lead to an increase in real income for all seven targeted households, especially rural households, where incomes rise on average by 2.5 percent. This study indicates that there are significant inefficiencies and opportunity costs associated with export subsidies, and household income could be enhanced by redirecting the spending to more productive channels.
JEL Classification: F14, F17, F47.
Pyrazoline and Pyrazoline Derivatives as Anti-Cancer Agents: Synthesis and Biological Activities: A Compressive Review
Authors: Ray Pushkar Kumar , Sharma Ruchi , Kumar Abhishek 
Published: January 2025

Background:
A heterocyclic molecule containing five rings, three carbon atoms, two
nitrogen atoms, and a single endocyclic bond is called pyrazoline. Because of its intriguing electrical
characteristics and potential for dynamic applications, pyrazoline is one type of electron-rich
nitrogen carrier that is becoming more and more popular. This study synthesizes pyrazoline derivatives
using a variety of techniques to demonstrate a highly biological function.

Objective:
Pharmaceutical chemistry has found the study of the biological activity of pyrazoline
derivatives to be an interesting field. Pyrazolines find utility in numerous multipurpose applications.
It has been discussed to examine the current study of patent literature on pyrazoline derivatives
(2000–2024) that describes the introduction, general approach, synthesis scheme Structureactivity
and relationship, marketed drug, and patents on anticancer activities.

Conclusion:
A recognized heterocyclic chemical is pyrazolines. Three carbon atoms and two adjacent
nitrogen atoms make up the five-membered ring that is pyrazoline. A variety of methods are
available to determine its synthesis. Extensive studies have been conducted in this field since it has
been found that many pyrazoline derivatives have a crucial biological effect on anticancer activity.
The application of pyrazoline as an anticancer agent is a fascinating moiety with a wealth of potential
applications for further research by scientists.
An Evolutionary Attributes of OMP33-36 in Acinetobacter baumannii: In silico Based Analysis
Authors: Singh Sukriti , Agarwal Jyotsna , Das Anupam , Trivedi Mala , Dwivedi Manish 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
Acinetobacter baumannii is a well-known, multidrug-resistant bacteria
that poses a serious risk to public health everywhere. The discovery of novel antibacterial drugs has
become an urgent need due to the emergence of multi-drug resistance strains and the lack of appropriate
antibiotics. To develop effective treatments for A. baumannii infections, this work explores
the evolutionary analysis of Outer Membrane Proteins (OMPs), specifically OMP33-36.

Method:
The structural data and sequence information of OMP33-36 were retrieved from Protein
Data Bank and UniProt, respectively. A range of bio-computational techniques including ConSurf
web server, MEGA XI, and BioEdit were exploited to carry out hydrophobicity analysis, entropy,
sequence alignment, and functional conserved site identification. By revealing close relatives of A.
baumannii, phylogenetic research clarified the evolutionary relationship of OMPs among 70 bacterial
species. Six remarkably conserved areas in OMPs from various bacterial species were found
through a conserved domain search using BioEdit.

Results:
This study has explored the evolutionary dynamics and intricacies in functional regions of
OMPs.

Conclusion:
The outcomes of this study highlight the significant understanding of the structural and
evolutionary aspects of OMP, which will help in the development of effective and precise therapy
for A. baumannii infections. The construction of OMPs targeted inhibitors lowers the possibility of
off-target effects on human cells.

other:
These results offer vital understandings of the structural and functional properties of OMPs, which will help in the development of focused treatment approaches aimed at reducing the negative effects of A. baumannii infections on public health.
Risk Factors Associated with Re-Hospitalization Duration in Post-COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Hanh Doan Le Minh , Thao Nguyen Hoang Minh 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Around 10-20% of hospitalized COVID-19 patients require readmission
within 30-90 days, posing heightened risks of morbidity, mortality, and economic burden. Research
on factors influencing post-COVID-19 readmission and hospital stay duration is limited.

Objective:
This study describes clinical characteristics and identifies risk factors for prolonged
hospital stays in readmitted post-COVID-19 patients.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study included 52 patients readmitted between January and June
2022.

Results:
Patients had a mean age of 63.5 years. Severe and critical COVID-19 histories were reported
in 27% and 11.5% of cases, respectively. Common symptoms leading to readmission included
dyspnea, cough, fever, and chest pain. Respiratory support was required for 67.3% of patients
(SpO2 < 90%), with 38.5% needing mechanical ventilation. Elevated D-Dimer (2029.07 ±
406.61) and CRP (50.97 ± 8.95) levels were common, and lung consolidation was the predominant
chest image finding. The median hospital stay was 24.5 days, with 71.2% of patients staying
longer than 14 days. Upon discharge, 96.1% were stable; 1 patient died, and 1 was transferred.
Longer hospital stays were positively correlated with severe COVID-19 history, mechanical ventilation,
CRP, Urea, and lung consolidation, while Hb and LDH were negatively correlated. Severe
COVID-19 and lung consolidation were independent risk factors for extended stays.

Conclusion:
Readmitted post-COVID-19 patients often experience respiratory complications requiring
prolonged hospital stays. Key risk factors include a history of severe COVID-19 and lung
consolidation at admission.
Recent Developments in Azetidinone-Azole Conjugates: Emerging Antimicrobial Potentials
Authors: Mehta Dinesh Kumar , Chaurasiya Rajiv , Das Rina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
The emergence of multidrug-resistant microbial strains poses a significant challenge to
global public health. In response, researchers have been exploring innovative antimicrobial agents
with enhanced efficacy and novel mechanisms of action. One promising approach involves the
synthesis of hybrid molecules combining azetidinone and azole moieties, capitalizing on the respective
antimicrobial properties of both structural elements. Natural and synthetic azetidinone derivatives
hold a prominent position among medicinally significant compounds due to their varied and
potent antibiotic activities. Interest persists in discovering new synthetic methods and refining existing
ones, as well as applying these methods to create novel, biologically active azetidinone derivatives.
Additionally, azoles are highly regarded in pharmaceuticals for their broad efficacy, tolerability,
and oral availability. By merging these two pharmacophores, researchers aim to create
compounds with synergistic or additive antimicrobial effects, potentially overcoming existing resistance
mechanisms. Various synthetic strategies, including click chemistry and multicomponent
reactions, have been employed to prepare these hybrid molecules efficiently. The antimicrobial
potential of azetidinone-azole conjugates has been extensively evaluated against a spectrum of
pathogens, including bacteria, fungi, and protozoa. These studies have demonstrated promising
results, with several compounds exhibiting potent activity against both Gram-positive and Gramnegative
bacteria, as well as clinically relevant fungal strains. Furthermore, SAR studies have provided
valuable insights into the key structural features governing the antimicrobial properties of
these conjugates, facilitating further optimization and rational design. In conclusion, the development
of azetidinone-azole hybrids represents a promising avenue in the quest for novel antimicrobial
agents. This study presents a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in synthesis and
antimicrobial evaluation of azetidinone-azole conjugates.
N-Degron PROTACs as a Potential Therapeutic Approach for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Hohman Grace , Eldeeb Mohamed A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
Many oncoproteins are important therapeutic targets because of their critical role in inducing rapid cell
proliferation, which represents one of the salient hallmarks of cancer. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is a
cancer of hematopoietic stem cells that is caused by the oncogene BCR-ABL1. BCR-ABL1 encodes a constitutively
active tyrosine kinase protein that leads to the uncontrolled proliferation of myeloid cells, which is a hallmark
of CML. A current therapeutic approach for the treatment of CML, Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs),
effectively inactivates BCR-ABL1 kinase activity; however, drug resistance to TKIs limits the long-term potential
for this treatment. Proteolysis Targeting Chimera (PROTAC) has emerged as a promising pharmacological
approach for degrading, rather than inhibiting, targeted proteins by harnessing the ubiquitin-proteosome system.
This process involves tagging a Protein of Interest (POI) with ubiquitin by the E3 ubiquitin ligases, which subsequently
target the protein for proteasomal degradation. The N-end rule or the N-degron concept describes the
correlation between the metabolic stability of a protein and the biochemical identity of its N-terminal amino acid.
A recent work unveiled that N-degron PROTACs could offer a potential treatment for CML by targeting and
degrading BCR-ABL1 proteins. Herein, we present the molecular and biochemical implications for targeting
chronic myeloid leukemia.
Evaluating the Relationship between Cathepsins and Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Muge Liu , Xiongsheng Xiao , Ling Jin , Siyi Li , Changwei Zheng , Zhengde Chen , Zhuoting Chen , Zhang Zhi 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) is the most common thyroid cancer,
with an etiology and progression that are not fully understood. Research suggests a link between
cathepsins and PTC, but the causal nature of this link is unclear. This study uses Mendelian Randomization
(MR) to investigate if cathepsins causally influence PTC risk.

Methods:
We applied univariable and multivariable MR analyses using genetic variants as proxies
for cathepsin levels. Genetic data for cathepsins were sourced from the INTERVAL study, while
PTC data came from the Finnish Genome-Wide Association Study database. Our analysis employed
several MR methods, including the Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW) approach, MR-Egger,
and the Weighted Median method, to provide comprehensive insights and address possible
pleiotropy.

Results:
MR findings suggest a significant causal association between higher cathepsin levels and
increased PTC risk. Notably, genetic variants indicating higher cathepsin Z expression were positively
causal associated with PTC risk (OR:1.1190, 95% CI: 1.0029-1.2486), multivariable analysis
confirmed significant carcinogenesis role of cathepsin Z in PTC (OR: 1.1593, 95% CI:
1.0137-1.3258), with results consistent across various tests, indicating a robust relationship.

Conclusion:
This study established a causal link between cathepsin levels and PTC risk, emphasizing
the roles of cathepsin Z in its progression. These insights could lead to new therapeutic strategies
targeting these enzymes. Further research is necessary to understand the underlying biological
mechanisms and their clinical implications.
Optimizing Care for Primary Glomerulonephritis: The Role of Thyroid Evaluation
Authors: Demir Ahmet Numan , Karaca Cebrail , Kara Zehra , Sulu Cem , Sahin Serdar , Durcan Emre , Dincer Mevlut Tamer , Nurcan Sukran Erdem , Sonmez Ozge , Ozkaya Hande Mefkure , Seyahi Nurhan , Gonen Mustafa Sait 
Published: January 2025

Background:
The coexistence of primary glomerulonephritis and autoimmune thyroid
disease has not been investigated.

Objective:
This study aimed to assess thyroid morphology using sonography, determine the prevalence
of autoimmune thyroid disorders, and evaluate thyroid function status in patients diagnosed
with primary glomerulonephritis.

Materials and methods:
This single-center cross-sectional and observational study included 58
consecutive patients with primary glomerulonephritis and 58 healthy controls (HC). All participants
underwent thyroid examination through laboratory tests and thyroid ultrasonography. The
findings were subsequently compared between the two groups.

Results:
Among the patients, 17.2% (n = 10) exhibited subclinical hypothyroidism, while 8.6% (n
= 5) had overt hypothyroidism. None of the HCs showed overt hypothyroidism, whereas 3.4% (n
= 2) of them exhibited subclinical hypothyroidism. Patients displayed significantly lower free triiodothyronine
(FT3) levels than HCs (p < 0.001). A linear correlation was observed between patients'
thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and the degree of proteinuria (p = 0.044). Furthermore,
thyroid volume (p < 0.001), hypoechogenicity (p < 0.001), heterogeneous structure (p <
0.001), pseudonodular hypoechoic infiltration (p = 0.05), and the presence of nodules (p < 0.001)
were notably higher in patients compared to HCs.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of both overt and subclinical hypothyroidism, along with the frequency
of nodular goiter, was found to be elevated in patients with primary glomerulonephritis. Considering
that primary glomerulonephritis predominantly afflicts young individuals, and these patients
bear the lifelong burden of chronic kidney disease, we underscore the significance of routine thyroid
function tests and sonographic examinations for the early detection of thyroid disorders.

conclusion:
The prevalence of both overt and subclinical hypothyroidism, along with the frequency of nodular goiter, was found to be elevated in patients with
primary glomerulonephritis. Considering that primary glomerulonephritis predominantly afflicts young individuals and these patients bear the lifelong
burden of chronic kidney disease, we underscore the significance of routine thyroid function tests and sonographic examinations for the early detection
of thyroid disorders.
The Potential Systemic Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Turmeric Dried Extract
Authors: Montanino Concetta , Farinella Federica , De Felice Bruna , Del Buono Andrea , D'Orta Armando 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound derived from the food spice
turmeric that has received interest from the medical and scientific world for its role in the management
of several conditions. Clinical studies, in humans, have shown that ingested Curcumin is
safe even at high doses (12 g/day), but it has poor bioavailability primarily due to poor absorption
and rapid metabolism and elimination. Several strategies have been implemented to improve the
bioavailability of Curcumin, for example, the combination of piperine in a complex with Curcumin,
or the usage of formulations with phospholipid or liposomal complexes.

Objective:
The present work aims to explore and compare the systemic anti-inflammatory effects
of two different types of Curcumin: a traditional fat-soluble formulation (95% Curcumin) and an
innovative standardized reconstituted water-soluble one (Curcuin), made in micelles in aqueous solution.

Methods:
Research was conducted on 30 patients, 15 patients were treated with turmeric (Curcuma
longa L., rhizome) dried extract titled 95% Curcumin (Curcumin 425mg/day) conjugated with
piperine, and 15 patients were treated with Curcumin (turmeric 286 mg dried extract titled 35%;
Curcuminoids 100 mg/day, standardized water-soluble) made in micelles in highly absorbed aqueous
solution. We considered the quantitative variations of laboratory parameters: Erythrocyte Sedimentation
Rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), Ferritin (24 to 336 ng/mL for adult males), and
cholesterol LDL.

Results and Discussion:
Patients treated with dried extract titled 95% Curcumin, for 90 days,
show a lower value of ESR, CRP, Ferritin, and LDL cholesterol compared with the same laboratory
parameters before the introduction of Curcumin into the diet. Also, patients treated with Curcuin
report a lower value of ESR, CRP, Ferritin, and LDL cholesterol after the introduction of
turmeric dried extract in the diet, but with a major significance compared with those obtained with
95% Curcumin conjugated with piperine.

Conclusion:
As we had hypothesized, both turmeric-derived extracts have successfully reduced
ESR, CRP, Ferritin, and cholesterol LDL values, exerting an anti-inflammatory action and anti-cholesterolemic
action. These results suggest a possible use of Curcumin and in particular Curcuin
as a coadjuvant for the treatment of inflammatory disease and to decrease cholesterol levels. However,
additional investigation is needed to resolve doubts regarding Curcumin dosage form, dose,
and medication frequency.

other:
.
A Case Report of Recurrent Primary Pituitary Abscess: Challenges in Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Ozaydin Dilan , Demir Ahmet Numan , Kartum Tufan Agah , Vergili Ender , Kadioglu Pinar , Tanriover Necmettin 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Primary pituitary abscess is a rare disease with no specific symptoms for
pituitary abscess alone. A preoperative diagnosis is quite challenging due to unclear imaging findings.

Case Presentation:
We report the case of a patient with a pituitary lesion who presented with hypopituitarism,
diabetes insipidus, and visual field defect and was misdiagnosed as a possible cystic
pituitary adenoma. Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery (ETSS) was performed, and surprisingly,
only pus was found, and complete resection of the lesion was achieved. Coagulase-negative
staphylococci were detected in the culture, and appropriate antibiotic therapy was administered
for six weeks. Diabetes insipidus and hypopituitarism did not improve. One year later, the abscess
recurred, and a second operation with complete resection was performed.

Conclusion:
Knowledge of primary pituitary abscess, a rare infectious disease, is essential for early
detection and successful treatment. Most patients have a chronic and silent prediagnostic course
with symptoms that are not specific to pituitary abscess alone. The primary treatment option is
EETS, followed by long-term, relevant antibiotics. The disease can be resistant and recur despite
appropriate treatment, especially in patients with risk factors. Therefore, long-term follow-up of
patients is essential.
Orange Juice-Induced Remarkable Electrophilic Substitution Reaction of Indoles with Carbonyl Compounds
Authors: Mukherjee Ratna , Yadav Ram Naresh , Banik Bimal Krishna 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
The synthesis of bisindolylalkanes has been carried out for more than two
decades using several catalysts.

Method:
In the present study, naturally available orange juice has been demonstrated to be an efficient
green catalyst for the synthesis of bisindolylalkanes from the reaction of indoles with different
carbonyl compounds.

Result:
In this one-step process, the products were obtained with excellent yield and in a short
reaction time.

Conclusion:
This reaction-catalysed by orange juice is a new, inexpensive, and environmentfriendly
synthetic procedure for the preparation of bisindolylalkanes.