bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oxidation in Retrieved, Never-Irradiated UHMWPE Bearings
Authors: Currier Barbara H. , Jevsevar Kori C. , Van Citters Douglas W. 
Published: February 2023

Background:Published analyses of never-irradiated, ethylene oxide (EtO)-sterilized tibial inserts and EtO- and gas plasma (GP)-sterilized acetabular ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) retrievals demonstrated minimal UHMWPE in vivo oxidation, whereas another analysis of EtO-sterilized acetabular liners found elevated oxidation linked with in vivo stresses. This study explored whether never-irradiated UHMWPE bearings are (1) oxidized by the in vivo environment, and (2) more likely to oxidize in higher-stress articulations (knee, ankle, shoulder).Methods:An institutional review board-approved retrieval archive was queried for never-irradiated, EtO- and GP-sterilized UHMWPE bearings received at revision from 2001 to 2021. A total of 193 EtO-sterilized and 112 GP-sterilized conventional UHMWPE retrievals were analyzed (0 to 25 years in vivo; 133 hip, 144 knee, 18 ankle, and 10 shoulder). Retrieved implants were evaluated for in vivo damage and analyzed for trans-vinylene and ketone content by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Twelve never-implanted EtO-sterilized tibial knee inserts, (shelf-aged 5 to 19 years) were non-oxidized controls. Mechanical properties of 3 never-implanted and 3 retrieved tibial inserts were evaluated by ASTM Type-V uniaxial tensile testing. Statistical analyses evaluated correlations between time in vivo and oxidation, and compared mean oxidation rates by articulation.Results:Burnishing was the most common clinical damage for all articulations. Eight retrievals exhibited oxidation-related fatigue damage. All retrievals were validated as never-irradiated (median trans-vinylene index [TVI] = 0.000). Maximum ketone oxidation in retrievals correlated with in vivo time (p < 0.001). Thirty-seven percent of retrievals exhibited UHMWPE (subsurface) oxidation, most frequently ankle, knee, and glenoid inserts. Tensile properties differed between retrieved and never-implanted inserts, changing with oxidation. The oxidation rate differed significantly among the articulations (p < 0.001).Conclusions:This study cohort confirmed the presence of in vivo oxidation in some non-irradiation-sterilized UHMWPE bearings, with higher-stress articulations (knee, ankle, shoulder) showing evidence of oxidation more frequently and having significantly higher oxidation rates than hips. Mechanical properties degraded by oxidation led to fatigue damage in 8 retrievals after a long duration in vivo.Clinical Relevance:Conventional EtO- or GP-sterilized UHMWPE bearings are at minimal risk for fatigue damage secondary to oxidation. However, higher stresses and longer time in vivo (more cycles of use) can lead to increased wear, oxidation, and fatigue damage.
Catastrophic Health Expenditure in Patients with Lower-Extremity Orthopaedic Trauma
Authors: Law Jody M. , Brody Madison , Cavanaugh Katherine E. , Dy Christopher J. 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Health-care expenditures are a leading contributor to financial hardship in the United States. Traumatic orthopaedic injuries are unpredictable and result in substantial expense. Our objectives were to quantify the catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) risk of patients with orthopaedic trauma and to examine the impact of insurance status, socioeconomic status, sex, and race on CHE.

Methods:
We identified all isolated lower-extremity orthopaedic trauma cases at a safety-net, Level-1 trauma center from 2018 to 2020. We queried an institutional charge database to obtain total hospital charges, insurance status, and ZIP Code to determine out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditures. To evaluate financial hardship, we calculated the CHE risk as defined by the World Health Organization’s threshold of OOP expenditures, ≥40% of estimated household post-subsistence income.

Results:
In our cohort of 2,535 patients, 33% experienced a risk of CHE. A risk of CHE was experienced by 99% of patients who were uninsured, 35% of patients with private insurance, 2% of patients with Medicare, and 0% of patients with Medicaid. Multivariable regression modeling showed that patients who were uninsured were significantly more likely to experience a risk of CHE compared with patients with private insurance (odds ratio, 107.68 [95% confidence interval, 37.20 to 311.68]; p < 0.001).

Conclusions:
One-third of patients with lower-extremity orthopaedic trauma experience a risk of CHE, with patients who are uninsured facing a disproportionately higher risk of CHE compared with patients who are insured. Our results suggest that the expansion of public insurance options may provide substantial financial protection for those at the greatest risk for CHE.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Comparison of Humeral-Head Replacement with Glenoid-Reaming Arthroplasty (Ream and Run) Versus Anatomic Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Levins James , Molla Vadim , Adkins Jacob , Molino Janine , Pasarelli Emily , Paxton E. Scott , Green Andrew 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Glenoid component failure is a major concern after anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (aTSA). Ream and run (RnR) is an alternative procedure that may avoid glenoid-related complications. The purpose of this study was to compare outcomes of RnR versus aTSA in younger patients with advanced glenohumeral osteoarthritis.

Methods:
This was a retrospective matched-cohort study of 110 patients who underwent aTSA and 57 patients who underwent RnR; patients were <66 years of age and had a minimum of 2 years of follow-up. Propensity matching was performed using 21 preoperative variables. Pre- and postoperative patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) scores, satisfaction with outcome, and revision data were analyzed. Mixed-effects models examined the association of preoperative variables with outcomes.

Results:
Thirty-nine patient pairs were matched. All patients were male, with a mean age of 58.6 ± 7.3 years and a mean follow-up 4.4 ± 2.3 years. The aTSA cohort had better final Simple Shoulder Test (SST) and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) scores. However, in the mixed-effects model analysis, arthroplasty type was not associated with outcome. At 2 years postoperatively, a significantly greater percentage of aTSA patients achieved the substantial clinical benefit (SCB) for the ASES (100% versus 79.2%; p = 0.01) and the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) (89.7% versus 75%; p = 0.02) for the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain. At >5-year follow-up, there were no significant differences between the cohorts in the percentage who achieved the MCID, SCB, or patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) for the ASES, SST, and VAS for pain. Three patients underwent revision arthroplasty for pain after RnR, at a mean of 1.9 ± 1.7 years. Two patients underwent revision arthroplasty for glenoid loosening at 9.2 and 14 years after aTSA.

Conclusions:
RnR and aTSA had comparable outcomes in most analyses. The greater early revision rate after RnR should focus attention on optimizing patient selection and postoperative management. Revision for glenoid loosening is a concern among younger and active patients. Longer-term study is needed to better understand the relative benefits and disadvantages of these procedures.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Short-Term Indwelling Foley Catheters Do Not Reduce the Risk of Postoperative Urinary Retention in Uncomplicated Primary THA and TKA
Authors: Weintraub Matthew T. , Yang JaeWon , Nam Denis , Greenspoon Joshua A. , DeBenedetti Anne , Karas Vasili , Mehta Neal , Della Valle Craig J. 
Published: February 2023

Background:
The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to determine whether a short-term Foley catheter (inserted in the operating room and removed upon arrival to the orthopaedic floor) would reduce the risk of postoperative urinary retention (POUR) in patients undergoing primary total hip (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods:
Three hundred and eighty-eight patients undergoing inpatient primary TKA (n = 228) or THA (n = 160) with spinal anesthesia were randomized to receive a short-term Foley catheter (n = 194) or no Foley (n = 194). There were 143 male and 245 female patients. The primary outcome was POUR, defined as requiring ≥2 straight catheterizations or the placement of an indwelling urinary catheter when indicated by retention of ≥450 mL on bladder scans. Secondary outcomes included urinary tract infections (UTIs) within 3 weeks and the need for ≥1 straight catheterization. A power analysis determined that 194 patients per group were required to detect a 7% minimal clinically important difference in POUR rates at 80% power and alpha of 0.05. Intention-to-treat and as-treated analyses were performed (2 patients received the non-allocated treatment). Outcomes were compared between the groups using univariate and multivariate analyses, with alpha < 0.05.

Results:
Nine patients developed POUR: 4 in the short-term Foley group and 5 in the control group (2.1% versus 2.6%; p = 1.00). Of those who developed POUR, 8 were male and 1 was female (88.9% versus 11.1%; p = 0.002). Twenty-four patients required ≥1 straight catheterization: 10 in the Foley group and 14 in the control group (5.2% versus 7.2%; p = 0.40). Four patients developed UTIs: 3 in the Foley group and 1 in the control group (1.5% versus 0.5%; p = 0.62) on intention-to-treat analysis, and 4 in the Foley group and none in the control group (2.1% versus 0.0%; p = 0.12) on as-treated analysis.

Conclusions:
The use of a short-term Foley catheter inserted in the operating room and removed on arrival to the orthopaedic floor does not decrease the rate of POUR.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Opportunities for International Orthopaedic Volunteerism
Authors: Brown Kelsey E. , Solaiman Rafat H. , Flores Michael J. , Nadone Haley , MacKechnie Madeline C. , Shearer David W. , Miclau Theodore 
Published: February 2023

Background:
In low and middle-income countries (LMICs), there are often not enough orthopaedic surgeons to treat musculoskeletal conditions. International volunteerism is 1 way that the orthopaedic community seeks to meet this need. This study explored the opportunities available for orthopaedic surgeons to volunteer overseas as offered by nonprofit organizations in the United States and Canada.

Methods:
A systematic internet search was conducted using 2 distinct search strategies. A website was considered a “hit” if it was that of a U.S. or Canada-based nonprofit, volunteer, or non-governmental organization that had opportunities for international orthopaedic volunteerism. Duplicate hits were eliminated to identify distinct organizations. Data regarding the work and geographical reach of the organization, as well as changes to its volunteer programs as a result of COVID-19, were extracted from each hit.

Results:
Of the 38 distinct organizations identified in the U.S. and Canada, the most common orthopaedic subspecialties represented were pediatrics (37%), hand (24%), and arthroplasty (18%). Foot and ankle (4 organizations; 11%), sports medicine (2 organizations; 5%), and oncology (1 organization; 3%) were the least represented subspecialities. The most common regions for volunteer trips included Latin America and the Caribbean, followed by West and East Africa. Twelve organizations (32%) were identified as having a religious affiliation. For most organizations, the trip duration was a minimum of 1 week. All volunteer organizations included operative or clinical experiences as part of their trips, and the majority of organizations (58%) reported that their trips included opportunities for training local surgeons. Many organizations (71%) reported having resumed trips after halting them during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusions:
Many opportunities exist for orthopaedic surgeons to volunteer their time and skills abroad. Future directions for the improvement of international volunteer efforts among the orthopaedic community could include expanding the number of existing volunteer opportunities and assessing the ethics, safety, efficacy, and longevity of these programs.
Z-preference-based multi-criteria decision-making for design concept evaluation highlighting customer confidence attitude
Authors: Qi Jin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The aim of customer-oriented design concept evaluation (CDCE) is to select the best product design solution from the perspective of customer. Traditionally, most of CDCE methods mainly focus on the customer preference judgement but ignore the confidence attitude of customer, namely, the reliability of preference. However, the customer’s uncertain attitude means he is unsure about his decision and could probably change his mind. With the help of Z-number, more complete customer preference information is recorded (Z-preference). The main contribution of this paper is to propose a new Z-preference-based multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) for CDCE method that retains the confidence coefficient α in evaluation value (Z-CDCE-α) to highlight the role of confidence attitude for CDCE, rather than simply translating Z-preference into a regular fuzzy preference value. By integrating with multiple information such as preference value, confidence coefficient α and the importance rating of design attribute, a novel ideal solution definition (ISD) strategy is put forward. For the re-defined ideal solutions, the distances of alternative to ideal solutions are deduced to get the priority degree δ to sort alternatives. According to the proposed ISD strategy of Z-CDCE-α, the best concept is that its important attribute values are preferred by customers with higher certainty or least preferred by customers with lower certainty, and the customers’ preferences and confidence attitudes for its less important attribute values are opposite. A case study and two comparison experiments are carried out to validate the reasonability and feasibility of Z-CDCE-α for CDCE by comparing with different evaluation values, ISD rules and MCDM models.
Soil decompacting potential and biomass production of Brachiaria genotypes
Authors: Serafim Milson Evaldo , Zeviani Walmes Marques , Barbosa Samara Martins , Severiano Eduardo da Costa , Costa Kátia Aparecida de Pinho , Romano Luciano Recart , Silva Bruno Montoani 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Aims : Grasses of the Brachiariagenus are widely used as cover crops in no-tillage areas of the Brazilian Cerrado. The objective of this experiment was to study the ability of six Brachiaria genotypes to produce shoot biomass and root biomass, and the potential of the root system to perforate a 0.01m thick paraffin hardpan disk with 1.5 MPa soil penetration resistance at 30° C.
Methods: The plants were grown in PVC columns with a diameter of 0.1 m and a height of 0.7 m. The column was divided into an upper part measuring 0.25 m (top) and a lower part measuring 0.45 m (bottom). The paraffin disk was positioned between the two parts of the column as a physical barrier to be perforated by the roots. The columns were filled with peaty substrate. The Brachiaria genotypes cultivated were: Brachiaria brizanthacv. BRS Piatã, Brachiaria decumbenscv. Basilisk, Brachiaria brizanthacv. BRS Paiaguás, Brachiaria ruziziensis cv. Ruzizienses, Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés and Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu.
Results: The cultivar Xaraes presented highest paraffin disk perforation capacity. Decumbens is the genotype with the lowest disk perforation capacity. The Ruziziensis cultivar is the genotype that accumulated the high root dry mass. Conclusions: The cover crop of Brachiaria implantation to reduce the physical limitations of the soil for root growth, in no-tillage, must consider the distinct potential of the genotype's root growth.
A natural experiment to assess how urban interventions in lower socioeconomic areas influence health behaviors: The UrbASanté study
Authors: Charreire Hélène , Conti Benoit , Bauchard Lucile , Cissé Ndèye Aïta , Perignon Marlène , Rollet Pascaline , Perrin Coline , Blanchard Sophie , Roda Céline , Feuillet Thierry , Madelin Malika , Dupuis Vincent , Evrard Anne-Sophie , Hellequin Anne-Peggy , Coll Isabelle , Larrue Corinne , Baudet-Michel Sophie , Vernouillet Gabrielle , Ntsame-Abegue Fernande , Fabre Isabelle , Méjean Caroline , Oppert Jean-Michel 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Mechanisms underlying the associations between changes in the urban environment and changes in health-related outcomes are complex and their study requires specific approaches. We describe the protocol of the interdisciplinary UrbASanté study, which aims to explore how urban interventions can modify environmental exposures (built, social, and food environments; air quality; noise), health-related behaviors, and self-reported health using a natural experiment approach.
Methods
The study is based on a natural experiment design using a before/after protocol with a control group to assess changes in environmental exposures, health-risk behaviors, and self-reported health outcomes of a resident adult population before and after the implementation of a time series of urban interventions in four contiguous neighborhoods in Paris (France). The changes in environmental exposures, health-related behaviors, and self-reported health outcomes of a resident adult population will be concurrently monitored in both intervention and control areas. We will develop a mixed-method framework combining substantial fieldwork with quantitative and qualitative analytical approaches. This study will make use of (i) data relating to exposures and health-related outcomes among all participants and in subsamples and (ii) interviews with residents regarding their perceptions of their neighborhoods and with key stakeholders regarding the urban change processing, and (iii) existing geodatabases and field observations to characterize the built, social, and food environments. The data collected will be analyzed with a focus on interrelationships between environmental exposures and health-related outcomes using appropriate approaches (e.g., interrupted time series, difference–in-differences method).
Discussion
Relying on a natural experiment approach, the research will provide new insights regarding issues such as close collaboration with urban/local stakeholders, recruitment and follow-up of participants, identification of control and intervention areas, timing of the planned urban interventions, and comparison of subjective and objective measurements. Through the collaborative work of a consortium ensuring complementarity between researchers from different disciplines and stakeholders, the UrbASanté study will provide evidence-based guidance for designing future urban planning and public health policies.
A machining partition method for local features with dimensional correlations of large cabin
Authors: Ma Jianwei , Sun Hechen , Yan Huiteng , Zhang Hongyuan , Tao Qiang , Jia Zhenyuan , Liu Wei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Integrated in-situ partition manufacturing mode of large cabins based on the mobile serial robots is adopted for machining tasks of outboard local features currently. However, the existing partition criteria of large-scale components only consider the geometric features and structure, ignoring the dimensional correlations of local features and the effective workspace of serial robots. This tends to cause that features with the same dimensional correlation are divided into different sub-regions, resulting in extra machining adjustment which reduces the machining efficiency. Aiming at the machining partition problem for local features of the large cabin, a machining partition method is proposed for local features with dimensional correlations of the large cabin based on clustering. Considering positions and dimensional correlations of local features, a multi-objective optimization model of partition based on clustering validity indexes is established to pre-solve partition schemes. To solve the reachable region of the large cabin, the effective workspace of serial robots is taken into account. With the reachable region as the constraint and the machining efficiency as the decision basis, the optimal partition scheme for local features of the large cabin is determined. The contrast validation is conducted on a reference cabin. The results indicate that the proposed method both satisfies the dimensional correlations of local features and the effective workspace of serial robots, which improves the machining efficiency. This research provides significant machining partition bases for robot machining in the integrated in-situ partition manufacturing mode of large cabins.
Angiogenesis-relevant lncRNA signature for osteosarcoma: prospects for prediction of clinical outcomes and immunotherapeutic efficacy
Authors: Chen Xianguo , Lin Zongjin , Chen Yiwei , Wang Xinwu , You Fengyuan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objective: Angiogenesis is a highly adaptive and complex course, which is essential for tumor growth and metastases of osteosarcoma. Considering the regulatory functions of lncRNAs in angiogenesis, the current study attempted to propose an angiogenesis-relevant lncRNA signature for assisting precision medicine of osteosarcoma.
Methods: Transcriptome data of TARGET osteosarcomas and TCGA sarcoma (SARC) were acquired from the GDC. An angiogenesis-relevant lncRNA signature was defined utilizing LASSO approach. Somatic mutation was analyzed via Maftools. Immunotherapy response was inferred according to T cell-inflamed score, TIDE score and immune checkpoints. Angiogenesis-relevant lncRNAs were experimentally verified in osteoblasts hFOB1.19 and osteosarcoma cells (MG-63, U2OS, SJSA-1, HOS) utilizing RT-qPCR. In LINC01060-knockout cells, transwell and immunoblotting were conducted to investigate the invasion and angiogenesis.
Results: The angiogenesis-relevant lncRNA signature was established, and high-risk osteosarcomas presented worse overall survival and disease-free survival. It was proven that the risk score possessed the reliability and independency in prognosis prediction. Higher genetic mutation occurred in high-risk osteosarcomas. From higher expression of immune checkpoints, lower TIDE score and higher T cell-inflamed score, low-risk osteosarcomas were more likely to respond to immunotherapy. After experimental verification, AC004862.6, CYTOR, LINC01060, LINC02596, and LOC101928228 were up-regulated in osteosarcoma, and LINC01060-knockout MG-63 and U2OS cells presented impaired invasive capacity and reduced expression of angiogenic genes VEGFA, Angpt1, and Angpt2.
Conclusion: The angiogenesis-relevant lncRNA signature is a possible predictor of survival and immunotherapeutic response in osteosarcoma, and integrated transcriptome analysis coupled with clinical sample verification can facilitate biomarker discovery and clinical translation.