bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stent appearance in a novel silicon-based photon-counting CT prototype: ex vivo phantom study in head-to-head comparison with conventional energy-integrating CT
Authors: Verelst Emma , Buls Nico , De Mey Johan , Nieboer Koenraad Hans , Vandenbergh Frans , Crotty Dominic , Deak Paul , Sundvall Albert , Holmin Staffan , De Smet Aron , Provyn Steven , Van Gompel Gert 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background

In this study, stent appearance in a novel silicon-based photon-counting computed tomography (Si-PCCT) prototype was compared with a conventional energy-integrating detector CT (EIDCT) system.

Methods
An ex vivo phantom was created, consisting of a 2% agar-water mixture, in which human-resected and stented arteries were individually embedded. Using similar technique parameters, helical scan data was acquired using a novel prototype Si-PCCT and a conventional EIDCT system at a volumetric CT dose index (CTDIvol) of 9 mGy. Reconstructions were made at 502 and 1502 mm2 field-of-views (FOVs) using a bone kernel and adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction with 0% blending. Using a 5-point Likert scale, reader evaluations were performed on stent appearance, blooming and inter-stent visibility. Quantitative image analysis was performed on stent diameter accuracy, blooming and inter-stent distinction. Qualitative and quantitative differences between Si-PCCT and EIDCT systems were tested with a Wilcoxon signed-rank test and a paired samples t-test, respectively. Inter- and intra-reader agreement was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).

Results
Qualitatively, Si-PCCT images were rated higher than EIDCT images at 150-mm FOV, based on stent appearance (p = 0.026) and blooming (p = 0.015), with a moderate inter- (ICC = 0.50) and intra-reader (ICC = 0.60) agreement. Quantitatively, Si-PCCT yielded more accurate diameter measurements (p = 0.001), reduced blooming (p < 0.001) and improved inter-stent distinction (p < 0.001). Similar trends were observed for the images reconstructed at 50-mm FOV.

Conclusions
When compared to EIDCT, the improved spatial resolution of Si-PCCT yields enhanced stent appearance, more accurate diameter measurements, reduced blooming and improved inter-stent distinction.

Key points
• This study evaluated stent appearance in a novel silicon-based photon-counting computed tomography (Si-PCCT) prototype.
• Compared to standard CT, Si-PCCT resulted in more accurate stent diameter measurements.
• Si-PCCT also reduced blooming artefacts and improved inter-stent visibility.
Molecular characteristics and pathogenicity of infectious cDNA clones of the Chinese isolates of pea enation mosaic virus 1 and pea enation mosaic virus 2
Authors: Chen Xiaojiao , Xie Min , Chen Honglin , Zhang Yue , Li Kehua , Lan Pingxiu , Wei Taiyun , Li Fan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe pea enation mosaic disease (PEMD) causes significant yield losses worldwide. PEMD is caused by two taxonomically unrelated but symbiotic viruses, pea enation mosaic virus 1 (PEMV-1) and pea enation mosaic virus 2 (PEMV-2). In this study, the complete genomes of four isolates of PEMV-1 and PEMV-2 from Yunnan Province of China were determined and analyzed. The four isolates of PEMV-1 or PEMV-2 shared ≥ 98.7% nucleotide sequence identities at whole genome level. The four Chinese PEMV-1 isolates were most closely related to PEMV-1-Ramsey-1 with nucleotide sequence identities of 97.8–98.0%, while the four Chinese PEMV-2 isolates were most closely related to PEMV-2-DSMZ PV-0088, with nucleotide sequence identities of 94.3–94.5%. The two full-length infectious cDNA clones of the Yunnan-Dali isolates of the two viruses (PEMV-1-YDL and PEMV-2-YDL) were constructed. Co-inoculation of PEMV-1-YDL and PEMV-2-YDL in pea seedlings caused systemic infection, with typical enation and mosaic symptoms on new leaves after inoculation, while the inoculated Nicotiana benthamiana plants showed curling symptoms. Inoculation of pea seedlings with either PEMV-1-YDL or PEMV-2-YDL did not cause obvious symptoms on the new leaves. It has been known that PEMV-2 helps the systemic infection of PEMV-1. However, our results showed that PEMV-1-YDL alone could cause a systemic infection. The pathogenicity of the two infectious clones was tested on different pea cultivars, and some cultivars were PEMD-tolerant. This is the first report of the infectious clones constructed from the Chinese isolates of PEMV-1 and PEMV-2. The current approach will facilitate determination of the synergistic relationship between PEMV-1 and PEMV-2 and their interactions with the host plant by reverse genetic analysis.
Reproductive tract microbiome and therapeutics of infertility
Authors: Bhattacharya Koushik , Dutta Sulagna , Sengupta Pallav , Bagchi Sovan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe microbiome is still a new area of research in human health and disease, especially in reproductive health. The present article aims to aid the perception on reproductive tract microbiome that may enable better management of its dysbiosis causing reproductive dysfunctions.Main bodyIn recent years, identification of microbiota in every part of human body has been eased by next-generation sequencing-based tools. It has been demonstrated that resident microbiota is vital for normal reproductive functions. The development of disease may result owing to changes in the microbiota brought about by internal or external factors. Female reproductive microbiota may be crucial in the success of assisted reproductive technologies such as embryo implantation and prenatal care. Though much has been learned about the vaginal microbiota, the uterine microbiome has gotten very little research attention. The impacts of well-known microorganisms includingChlamydia trachomatis,Mycoplasma tuberculosis, andNeisseria gonorrhoeaehave been well documented, resulting in subclinical alterations that are considered risk factors for infertility and poor reproductive outcomes. Research on microbiota of male reproductive system is still in its early stages, and there are numerous questions concerning how inflammation and urogenital infections might impact male fertility. Certain microorganisms reportedly can directly affect spermatozoon function without even inducing oxidative stress or inflammatory cytokines, but via adhering to the spermatozoon or producing soluble factors capable of altering sperm motility and/or inducing apoptosis.ConclusionThe presence of specific microbiota in the reproductive tract, regardless of their pathogenicity, or the alteration of the reproductive tract resident microbiota may pose issues with fertilization, implantation, pregnancy as well as embryo development. This may result in the failure of fertility treatments and a reduction in the number of live births.
Relation between aortic elasticity parameters and SYNTAX score in postmenopausal diabetic women
Authors: Naseem Mohamed , Alaarag Ahmed 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Postmenopausal women are at increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Diabetes Mellitus is a major risk factor for CAD. The stiffening of the aorta is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We aimed to investigate the relation of aortic elasticity parameters to CAD severity assessed by SYNTAX score (SS) in diabetic postmenopausal women. The study prospectively included 200 consecutive diabetic postmenopausal women with CAD who underwent elective coronary angiography. Patients were classified into 3 groups based on SS, low-SS ≤ 22, intermediate-SS ≥ 23– ≤ 32, and high-SS ≥ 33. Echocardiographic aortic elasticity parameters, including aortic stiffness index (ASI), aortic strain (AS) (%) and aortic distensibility (AD) were obtained in all patients.

Results
Patients in the high SS group were older age and had a higher aortic stiffness. After adjusting different co-variates AD, AS, and ASI could be used as independent predictors of high SS with the following P-values (0.019, 0.016 and 0.010) and cut-off values (2.5, 3.6 and 2.9), respectively.

Conclusions
In diabetic postmenopausal women, the simple echocardiography-derived aortic elasticity parameters might predict the severity and complexity of angiographic coronary lesions assessed by the SS.
A picture is worth a thousand words: advancing the use of visualization tools in implementation science through process mapping and matrix heat mapping
Authors: Salvati Zachary M. , Rahm Alanna Kulchak , Williams Marc S. , Ladd Ilene , Schlieder Victoria , Atondo Jamie , Schneider Jennifer L. , Epstein Mara M. , Lu Christine Y. , Pawloski Pamala A. , Sharaf Ravi N. , Liang Su-Ying , Burnett-Hartman Andrea N. , Hunter Jessica Ezzell , Burton-Akright Jasmine , Cragun Deborah 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Identifying key determinants is crucial for improving program implementation and achieving long-term sustainment within healthcare organizations. Organizational-level complexity and heterogeneity across multiple stakeholders can complicate our understanding of program implementation. We describe two data visualization methods used to operationalize implementation success and to consolidate and select implementation factors for further analysis.

Methods
We used a combination of process mapping and matrix heat mapping to systematically synthesize and visualize qualitative data from 66 stakeholder interviews across nine healthcare organizations, to characterize universal tumor screening programs of all newly diagnosed colorectal and endometrial cancers and understand the influence of contextual factors on implementation. We constructed visual representations of protocols to compare processes and score process optimization components. We also used color-coded matrices to systematically code, summarize, and consolidate contextual data using factors from the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Combined scores were visualized in a final data matrix heat map.

Results
Nineteen process maps were created to visually represent each protocol. Process maps identified the following gaps and inefficiencies: inconsistent execution of the protocol, no routine reflex testing, inconsistent referrals after a positive screen, no evidence of data tracking, and a lack of quality assurance measures. These barriers in patient care helped us define five process optimization components and used these to quantify program optimization on a scale from 0 (no program) to 5 (optimized), representing the degree to which a program is implemented and optimally maintained. Combined scores within the final data matrix heat map revealed patterns of contextual factors across optimized programs, non-optimized programs, and organizations with no program.

Conclusions
Process mapping provided an efficient method to visually compare processes including patient flow, provider interactions, and process gaps and inefficiencies across sites, thereby measuring implementation success via optimization scores. Matrix heat mapping proved useful for data visualization and consolidation, resulting in a summary matrix for cross-site comparisons and selection of relevant CFIR factors. Combining these tools enabled a systematic and transparent approach to understanding complex organizational heterogeneity prior to formal coincidence analysis, introducing a stepwise approach to data consolidation and factor selection.
Clinical profile of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis patients and the clinical suspects: a descriptive audit
Authors: Amalanathan Sophia , Satish Kumar C , Abinaya R , Prathiba K , Kumaran Ramesh Colbert , Kavitha B , Malini A , Amudhasubba Reddy 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
India witnessed a massive surge of rhino orbital cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) cases during the second wave of COVID-19, recording the highest number of cases in the world, indeed, an epidemic within the pandemic.

Objectives
To describe the clinical profile of patients with COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) and the clinical suspects for mucormycosis.

Methods
This single-center descriptive, observational study/audit was done at Indira Gandhi Medical College, Pondicherry, South India. This study is about the clinical profile of 7 CAM patients and 14 COVID-19 patients who were suspects of CAM, based on their risk factors and clinical symptoms, and were referred to the ENT department.

Statistical analysis
All the descriptive variables were summarized as mean, frequency, and percentages for qualitative data.

Results
All 7 CAM patients were COVID-19 positive and were not vaccinated against COVID-19, All 7 were known diabetic, all 7 had steroid therapy for their COVID status, and 5 out of 7 (71%) had uncontrolled diabetes mellitus at the time of diagnosis. Facial pain, nasal discharge, and eye swelling were the presenting symptoms of CAM. Maxillary and ethmoid sinuses were the most commonly involved para nasal sinuses. Four out of seven (57.1%) CAM patients survived after 16 months of follow-up, after surgical and medical treatment for CAM. Of the 14 clinical suspects who were negative for CAM, 2 were negative for COVID-19, their risk factors were brought under control, 3 expired due to COVID complications, and 9 patients are alive till date.

Conclusion
Uncontrolled diabetes is a risk factor for ROCM/CAM, another possible risk factor is steroid therapy, and we hypothesize that COVID infection could also be a possible risk factor that needs to be studied more extensively in a larger sample. Early clinical suspicion, withdrawal of steroids, rapid control of diabetes mellitus, appropriate investigations, and early surgical intervention combined with medical treatment offers better outcome.
A decade of successful magnetotelluric surveys for delineating shallow geothermal reservoirs beneath nonvolcanic hot springs in Thailand
Authors: Amatyakul Puwis , Siripunvaraporn Weerachai , Rung-Arunwan Tawat , Vachiratienchai Chatchai , Pirarai Kriangsak , Prommakorn Natthaporn 
Published: April 2023

Magnetotelluric (MT) applications to probe the shallow reservoirs of nonvolcanic hot springs in Thailand have become ever more convincing during the past few decades. In 2013, the first modern MT survey was deployed over the Mae Chan hot spring. A shallow hot water reservoir within a network of fractured granite was imaged as a low-resistivity zone beneath the hot spring surrounded by a resistive granite heat source. With the success of the first MT deployment, in 2014 and 2015, MT measurements were expanded to five hot springs with the objective of 1 km deep drilling where the Muang Rae hot spring was chosen out of these five hot springs to assess the volume of hot fluid for a future geothermal power plant. The conductive zone was again detected at a depth of 200–600 m beneath the Muang Rae hot spring, which our team interpreted as a shallow hot fluid reservoir. However, others interpreted it as just the clay cap with no hot fluid inside, which occurs in most volcanic systems. Therefore, a 1 km well was drilled next to the conductor, instead of through it as we suggested. The well did not find any hot water flowing. In 2018, an MT survey with densely spaced stations was used around the Mae Chan hot spring to validate the shallow conductive zone beneath the hot spring through which five wells (<200 m) were drilled. The depth positions where the hot fluid was found match well with the conductor location at most wells. This is a good indicator that in the Thailand nonvolcanic system, the conductive zone beneath the hot spring is genuinely the shallow reservoir, and not the clay cap zone as in the volcanic systems.
Exercise to treat psychopathology and other clinical outcomes in schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gallardo-Gómez Daniel , Noetel Michael , Álvarez-Barbosa Francisco , Alfonso-Rosa Rosa María , Ramos-Munell Javier , del Pozo Cruz Borja , del Pozo-Cruz Jesús 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Psychopathology and side effects of antipsychotic drugs contribute to worsening physical health and long-term disability, and increasing the risk of mortality in these patients. The efficacy of exercise on these factors is not fully understood, and this lack of knowledge may hamper the routine application of physical activity as part of the clinical care of schizophrenia.

Aims
To determine the effect of exercise on psychopathology and other clinical markers in patients with schizophrenia. We also looked at several moderators.

Method
MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched from inception to October 2022. Randomized controlled trials of exercise interventions in patients 18–65 years old diagnosed with schizophrenia disorder were included. A multilevel random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to pool the data. Heterogeneity at each level of the meta-analysis was estimated via Cochran’s Q, I2, and R2.

Results
Pooled effect estimates from 28 included studies (1,460 patients) showed that exercise is effective to improve schizophrenia psychopathology (Hedges’ g = 0.28, [95% CI 0.14, 0.42]). Exercise presented stronger effects in outpatients than inpatients. We also found exercise is effective to improve muscle strength and self-reported disability.

Conclusions
Our meta-analysis demonstrated that exercise could be an important part in the management and treatment of schizophrenia. Considering the current evidence, aerobic and high-intensity interval training exercises may provide superior benefits over other modalities. However, more studies are warranted to determine the optimal type and dose of exercise to improve clinical outcomes in people with schizophrenia.
Long-Term Outcomes and Molecular Correlates of Sotorasib Efficacy in Patients With Pretreated KRAS G12C-Mutated Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: 2-Year Analysis of CodeBreaK 100
Authors: Dy Grace K. , Govindan Ramaswamy , Velcheti Vamsidhar , Falchook Gerald S. , Italiano Antoine , Wolf Jürgen , Sacher Adrian G. , Takahashi Toshiaki , Ramalingam Suresh S. , Dooms Christophe , Kim Dong-Wan , Addeo Alfredo , Desai Jayesh , Schuler Martin , Tomasini Pascale , Hong David S. , Lito Piro , Tran Qui , Jones Simon , Anderson Abraham , Hindoyan Antreas , Snyder Wendy , Skoulidis Ferdinandos , Li Bob T. 
Published: April 2023

Clinical trials frequently include multiple end points that mature at different times. The initial report, typically based on the primary end point, may be published when key planned co-primary or secondary analyses are not yet available. Clinical Trial Updates provide an opportunity to disseminate additional results from studies, published in JCO or elsewhere, for which the primary end point has already been reported. In the longest follow-up, to our knowledge, for a KRASG12C inhibitor, we assessed the long-term efficacy, safety, and biomarkers of sotorasib in patients with KRAS G12C-mutated advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from the CodeBreaK 100 clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03600883 ). This multicenter, single-group, open-label phase I/phase II trial enrolled 174 patients with KRAS G12C-mutated, locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC after progression on prior therapies. Patients (N = 174) received sotorasib 960 mg once daily with the primary end points for phase I of safety and tolerability and for phase II of objective response rate (ORR). Sotorasib produced an ORR of 41%, median duration of response of 12.3 months, progression-free survival (PFS) of 6.3 months, overall survival (OS) of 12.5 months, and 2-year OS rate of 33%. Long-term clinical benefit (PFS ≥ 12 months) was observed in 40 (23%) patients across PD-L1 expression levels, in a proportion of patients with somatic STK11 and/or KEAP1 alterations, and was associated with lower baseline circulating tumor DNA levels. Sotorasib was well tolerated, with few late-onset treatment-related toxicities, none of which led to treatment discontinuation. These results demonstrate the long-term benefit of sotorasib, including in subgroups with poor prognosis.
The control of breathing in fishes – historical perspectives and the path ahead
Authors: Pan Yihang Kevin , Perry Steve F. 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
The study of breathing in fishes has featured prominently in Journal of Experimental Biology (JEB), particularly during the latter half of the past century. Indeed, many of the seminal discoveries in this important sub-field of comparative respiratory physiology were reported first in JEB. The period spanning 1960–1990 (the ‘golden age of comparative respiratory physiology’) witnessed intense innovation in the development of methods to study the control of breathing. Many of the guiding principles of piscine ventilatory control originated during this period, including our understanding of the dominance of O2 as the driver of ventilation in fish. However, a critical issue – the identity of the peripheral O2 chemoreceptors – remained unanswered until methods for cell isolation, culture and patch-clamp recording established that gill neuroepithelial cells (NECs) respond to hypoxia in vitro. Yet, the role of the NECs and other putative peripheral or central chemoreceptors in the control of ventilation in vivo remains poorly understood. Further progress will be driven by the implementation of genetic tools, most of which can be used in zebrafish (Danio rerio). These tools include CRISPR/Cas9 for selective gene knockout, and Tol2 systems for transgenesis, the latter of which enables optogenetic stimulation of cellular pathways, cellular ablation and in vivo cell-specific biosensing. Using these methods, the next period of discovery will see the identification of the peripheral sensory pathways that initiate ventilatory responses, and will elucidate the nature of their integration within the central nervous system and their link to the efferent motor neurons that control breathing.
Evaluation of effectiveness of advanced platelet rich fibrin (A-PRF) with demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) placed into fresh extraction sockets with immediate implant placement: A clinical and radiographic study
Authors: Dare Sneha , Bajaj Pavan 
Published: April 2023

Background: Dental implant placement has evolved over time with the introduction of numerous novel protocols. Following tooth extraction throughout the healing phase, alveolar ridge resorption is a potential issue that can be mitigated by the utilisation of a variety of techniques, one of which is the placement of immediate implants. The immediate implant treatment protocol offers numerous benefits, such as minimal surgical procedures, which thereby reduce overall treatment time, preserve bone height, and produce better aesthetic results, particularly in the anterior region. Such protocols have made implant insertion so much easier that results can now be anticipated more precisely. The distance between the lateral surface of an implant and surrounding alveolus is known as the jumping gap distance (JGD). JGD of >1.5 mm affects spontaneous bone healing. Research incorporating biomaterials such as membranes produced from blood and bone grafts has significantly contributed to the success of this therapy. Methods: This research will be carried out over the course of a year. Twelve implants will be placed in systemically healthy individuals with one tooth/teeth in the maxilla and/or mandible indicated for extraction. Using a two-stage protocol, implant placement will be done simultaneously after extraction along with augmentation with A-PRF and DFDBA. The second stage surgery will be conducted three months after implant placement. Within 3-6 weeks, abutments will be connected and the final prosthesis will be placed. Expected results: Crestal bone changes and implant stability after using of A-PRF and DFDBA will serve as indicators to determine the implant's success after 6 months. Conclusion: The augmentation procedures have shown to be successful in obtaining bone fill and in resolving bone defects that are present in proximity with implants. An immediate implant placement along with bone augmentation may decrease resorption of horizontal bone. Trial registration: REF/2023/03/064371.