bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantification of multiple environmental controls on lipid biomarkers in common marine diatoms and dinoflagellates
Authors: Cao Zhong , Bi Rong , Zhang Chuanli , Cui Jiaxuan , Li Li , Ding Yang , Zhao Meixun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Ocean-related global changes have altered phytoplankton community structure, especially the diatom-dinoflagellate competition, which further influences ecosystem structure and functions. The pivotal ecological roles of diatoms and dinoflagellates are strongly related with their biochemical compositions, while quantitative comparisons of biochemical changes between diatoms and dinoflagellates under variable environments are still limited. We investigated responses of lipid biomarkers (sterols and fatty acids (FAs)) to different temperatures (12, 18 and 24℃), nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations and their molar ratios (N:P ratio) of 10:1, 24:1 and 63:1 in marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum and dinoflagellate Prorocentrum minimum. Over these wide ranges of temperature and nutrient conditions, sterol and FA profiles were relatively stable in the two species. For C-normalized contents of major sterols and FAs, warming caused non-significant changes in the diatom but an increase (up to 153%) in the dinoflagellate; eutrophication caused an overall decrease (up to 53%) in the diatom but an overall increase (up to 77%) in the dinoflagellate; in contrast, imbalanced N:P ratios caused an overall increase (up to 64%) in the diatom but an overall decrease (up to 53%) in the dinoflagellate. Under future ocean warming, eutrophication and imbalanced N:P ratios, major sterol and polyunsaturated FA contents would increase (ca. 9% ~ 48%) in the dinoflagellate, while those in the diatom would change non-significantly. This study expands our knowledge on lipid-based indicators of phytoplankton under changing environments, which by systematically linking with several other aspects of food quality will help to understand the ecological role of diatom-dinoflagellate community changes.
Group-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy versus waiting list in the treatment of insomnia in primary care: Study protocol for a pragmatic, multicentre randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hrozanova Maria , Meisingset Ingebrigt , Kallestad Håvard , Pallesen Ståle , Nordstoga Anne Lovise , Skarpsno Eivind Schjelderup 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background

Insomnia is common in the general population and is a risk factor for ill-health, which highlights the importance of treating insomnia effectively and cost-efficiently. Cognitive-behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is recommended as first-line treatment due to its long-term effectiveness and few side-effects, but its availability is limited. The aim of this pragmatic, multicentre randomized controlled trial is to investigate the effectiveness of group-delivered CBT-I in primary care compared to a waiting-list control group.

Methods

A pragmatic multicentre randomized controlled trial will be conducted with about 300 participants recruited across 26 Healthy Life Centres in Norway. Participants will complete online screening and provide consent before enrolment. Those who meet the eligibility criteria will be randomized to a group-delivered CBT-I or to a waiting list according to a 2:1 ratio. The intervention consists of four two-hour sessions. Assessments will be performed at baseline, 4 weeks, 3- and 6 months post-intervention, respectively. The primary outcome is self-reported insomnia severity at 3 months post-intervention. Secondary outcomes include health-related quality of life, fatigue, mental distress, dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep, sleep reactivity, 7-day sleep diaries, and data obtained from national health registries (sick leave, use of relevant prescribed medications, healthcare utilization). Exploratory analyses will identify factors influencing treatment effectiveness, and we will conduct a mixed-method process evaluation to identify facilitators and barriers of participants’ treatment adherence. The study protocol was approved by the Regional Committee for Medical and Health Research ethics in Mid-Norway (ID 465241).

Discussion

This large-scale pragmatic trial will investigate the effectiveness of group-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy versus waiting list in the treatment of insomnia, generating findings that are generalizable to day-to-day treatment of insomnia in interdisciplinary primary care services. The trial will identify those who would benefit from the group-delivered therapy, and will investigate the rates of sick leave, medication use, and healthcare utilization among adults who undergo the group-delivered therapy.
Trial registration: The trial was retrospectively registered in the ISRCTN registry (ISRCTN16185698).
Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease and tauopathies on whole slide histopathology images using a weakly supervised deep learning algorithm
Authors: Kim Minji , Sekiya Hiroaki , Yao Gary , Martin Nicholas B. , Castanedes-Casey Monica , Dickson Dennis W. , Hwang Tae Hyun , Koga Shunsuke 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Neuropathological assessment at autopsy is the gold standard for diagnosing neurodegenerative disorders. We aimed to develop a pipeline for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies, including corticobasal degeneration, globular glial tauopathy, Pick’s disease, and progressive supranuclear palsy. We used deep learning (DL)-based approach called clustering-constrained-attention multiple instance learning (CLAM) on whole slide images (WSIs) of tau immunohistochemistry in three brain regions from 120 patients. We also augmented gradient-weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM) to the model for visualizing cellular-level evidence in the model’s decisions. The model using the sections of cingulate and superior frontal gyri achieved the highest area under the curve (0.970±0.037) and diagnostic accuracy (0.873±0.087). Grad-CAM showed the highest attention in known pathognomonic tau lesions for each disease (e.g., Pick bodies for Pick’s disease). Our findings supported the feasibility of the DL-based approach for the classification task on WSIs, which encouraged further investigation, especially focusing on clinicopathological correlation studies.
Prosaposin PS18 reduces dopaminergic neurodegeneration in a 6- hydroxydopamine rat model of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Wu Kuo-Jen , Hung Tsai-Wei , Wang Yu-Syuan , Chen Yun-Hsiang , Bae Eun-Kyung , Yu Seong-Jin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Saposin and its precursor prosaposin are endogenous proteins with neurotrophic and anti-apoptotic properties. Prosaposin or its analog prosaposin-derived 18-mer peptide (PS18) reduced neuronal damage in hippocampus and apoptosis in stroke brain, suggesting that prosaposin is neuroprotective in non-dopaminergic cells. Its role in Parkinson’s disease (PD) has not been well characterized. This study aimed to examine the physiological role of PS18 in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) cellular and animal models of PD. We found that PS18 significantly antagonized 6-OHDA -mediated dopaminergic neuronal loss and TUNEL in rat primary dopaminergic neuronal culture. The expression and protective effect of prosaposin were examined in unilaterally 6-OHDA -lesioned rats. Administration of 6-OHDA to striatum transiently upregulated the expression of prosaposin in striatum on D3 (day 3) and returned below the basal level on D29. The 6-OHDA -lesioned rats developed bradykinesia and an increase in methamphetamine-mediated rotation. 6-OHDA significantly upregulated the expression of PERK, ATF6, CHOP, and BiP in the lesioned nigra while reducing dopamine transporter DAT mRNA in the lesioned striatum. Pretreatment with PS18 significantly antagonized these responses. Taken together, our data support that PS18 is neuroprotective in cellular and animal models of PD.
Delivering urgent care services for adult patients by way of video visits at Helsinki University Hospital joint emergency care departments - retrospective observational study
Authors: Vainio Hanna , Castrén Maaret , Kobylin Arja 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective
We aimed to study how video visits could replace in-person visits in emergency care clinics. The objective of this study was to characterise those patient groups that are suitable for receiving care via video visits. We describe our experiences with the number of visits, patient groups and how often the video visits replaced in-person visits in ED on contact day and follow-up visits in ED within 21 days after the index day. The patients in our setting were over 16 years of age. After the initial video visit, we assessed the subsequent medical follow-up visits (at ED), X-rays and laboratory tests performed as well as the antibiotics prescribed. We also present patient self-reported data on patient satisfaction and their video visit experiences.
Design:
A retrospective observational study
Setting:
Emergency departments (EDs) in the Uusimaa region of Finland. Video visits in the ED are a pilot project implemented by Helsinki University Hospital that has been financed by the development project fund that promotes the hospital’s strategic goals.
Participants
: A total of 601 patients registered for video visits were included in the analysis in the period 4/3/2022–29/5/2022.
Interventions:
The seven physicians who were hired exclusively for the project used a digital EPR platform to connect with patients through synchronous video communication.
Main outcome measures:
EPR data from the video visits, including patient demographics, visit characteristics and patient satisfaction.
Results
There were 601 patients cared for through telemedicine during the observation period. Those patients receiving care by video visits had a mean age of 38 (standard deviation 15.5). A wide range of diagnoses was given to patients during the video. Twenty-one days after the initial video visit, 83% (501) of the patients had not been seen by a medical provider in the ED. Twenty-one-day returns requiring ED admission were 9.8% (n = 59) with the same reason for the encounter as in the video visit. The patient satisfaction scores with video visits were high (NPS 80 avg. 9.3)
Conclusions
Telemedicine adoption in ED settings requires more evidence of telehealth benefits. Providing care via video visits for ED patients without compromising patient satisfaction can be effective if the admission is based on a carefully assessed need for ED care and patient safety is ensured during all the stages of the patients’ pathway.
A comparative study of the biodurability and persistence of gold, silver and titanium dioxide nanoparticles using the continuous flow through system
Authors: Mbanga Odwa , Cukrowska Ewa , Gulumian Mary 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
The potential for nanoparticles to cause harm to human health and the environment is correlated with their biodurability in the human body and persistence in the environment. Dissolution testing serves to predict biodurability and nanoparticle environmental persistence. In this study, dissolution testing using the continuous flow through system was used to investigate the biodurability and persistence of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) in five different simulated biological fluids and two synthetic environmental media to predict their behaviour in real life situations.
Results
The level of dissolved nanoparticles in simulated acidic media was more and higher in magnitude compared to that dissolved in simulated alkaline media. The results obtained via the continuous flow through dissolution system also displayed very significant dissolution rates. For TiO2 NPs the calculated half-times were in the range of 13–14 days, followed by AuNPs ranging between 4–12 days, significantly longer if compared to the half-times of AgNPs ranging between 2–7 days. AuNPs and TiO2 NPs were characterized by low dissolution rates therefore are expected to be (bio)durable in physiological surroundings and persistent in the environment thus, they might impose long-term effects on humans and the environment. In contrast, AgNPs have high dissolution rates and not (bio)durable and hence may cause short-term effects.
Conclusion
The results suggest a hierarchy of biodurability and persistence of TiO2 NPs > AuNPs > AgNPs. It is recommended that nanoparticle product developers should follow the test guidelines stipulated by the OECD to ensure product safety for use before it is taken to the market.
Linking Molecular Structure and Lubrication Mechanisms in Tetraalkylammonium Orthoborate Ionic Liquids
Authors: Yan Jieming , Lien Hsu-Ming , Mangolini Filippo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

While ionic liquids (ILs) have gained wide interest as potential alternative lubricants able to meet the requirements of next-generation tribological systems owing to their unique physico-chemical properties and promising lubricating behavior, our understanding of the mechanisms by which ILs reduce friction and/or wear is still elusive. Here, we combine macroscale tribological experiments with surface-analytical measurements to shed light on the lubrication mechanisms of a class of halogen-free ILs, namely tetraalkylammonium orthoborate ILs, at steel/steel sliding contacts. The tribological results indicate an improvement of the friction-reducing properties of these ILs as the length of the alkyl chains attached to ammonium cations increases. Ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses provide further evidence for the dependence of the lubrication mechanism of tetraalkylammonium orthoborate ILs on the IL structure. In the case of tetraalkylammonium orthoborate ILs with asymmetric ammonium cations containing a long alkyl chain, no sacrificial tribofilms were formed on steel surfaces, thus suggesting that the friction-reducing ability of these ILs originates from their propensity to undergo a pressure-induced morphological change at the sliding interface that leads to the generation of a lubricious, solid-like layered structure. Conversely, the higher friction response observed in tribological tests performed with tetraalkylammonium orthoborate ILs containing more symmetric ammonium cations and short alkyl chains is proposed to be due to the inability of this IL to create a transient interfacial layer owing to the reduced van der Waals interactions between the cationic alkyl chains. The resulting hard/hard contact between the sliding surfaces is proposed to lead to the cleavage of boron-oxygen bonds in the presence of water to form species that then adsorb onto the steel surface, including trivalent borate esters and oxalic acid from the decomposition of orthoborate anions, as well as tertiary amines from the degradation of alkylammonium cations induced by hydroxides released during the orthoborate decomposition reaction. The results of this work not only establish links between the molecular structure of a class of halogen-free ILs, their lubricating performance, and lubrication mechanism, but also provide evidence for the existence of multiple mechanisms underpinning the promising lubricating properties of ILs in general. Table of Content (Graphical Abstract)
Novel M7G-Related lncRNA Signature for Predicting Overall Survival in Patients with Gastric Cancer
Authors: Zhao Bin , Liao Yiqun , Chen Yuji , Wang Fei , Ma Yichao , Wei Chen , Zhao Jiahao , Ji Hao , Wang Daorong , Tang Dong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Presenting with a poor prognosis, gastric cancer (GC) remains one of the leading causes of disease and death worldwide. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate tumor formation and have been long used to predict tumor prognosis. N7-methylguanosine (m7G) is the most prevalent RNA modification. m7G-linked lncRNAs regulate GC onset and progression, but their precise mechanism in GC is unclear. The objective of this research was the development of a new m7G-linked lncRNA signature as a biomarker for predicting GC survival rate and guiding treatment. The Cancer Genome Atlas database helped extract gene expression data and clinical information for GC. Pearson correlation analysis helped point out m7G-linked lncRNAs. Univariate Cox analysis helped in identifying m7G-linked lncRNA with predictive capability. The Lasso-Cox method helped point out seven lncRNAs for the purpose of establishing an m7G-related lncRNA prognostic signature (m7G-LPS), followed by the construction of a nomogram. Kaplan–Meier analysis, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, calibration plot of the nomogram model, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and principal component analysis (PCA) were utilized for the verification of the risk model’s reliability. Furthermore, q-PCR helped verify the lncRNAs expression of m7G-LPS in-vitro. The study subjects were classified into high and low-risk groups based on the median value of the risk score. Gene enrichment analysis (GSEA) confirmed the constructed m7G-LPS’ correlation with RNA transcription and translation and multiple immune-related pathways. Analysis of the clinicopathological features revealed more progressive features in the high-risk group. CIBERSORT analysis showed the involvement of m7G-LPS in immune cell infiltration. The risk score was correlated with immune checkpoint gene expression, immune cell and immune function score, immune cell infiltration, and chemotherapy drug sensitivity. Therefore, our study shows that m7G-LPS constructed using seven m7G-related lncRNAs can predict the survival time of GC patients and guide chemotherapy and immunotherapy regimens as biomarker.
Sequential changes in Rotterdam Scoring System in patients submitted to acute subdural hematoma evacuation
Authors: Oliveira Louise , Goncalves Daniel , Cabral Lucas , Cabral Pedro , Santos Maria dos , Reis Franklin , Paiva Wellingson , Amorim Robson 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Rotterdam Scoring System (RSS) is a head computed tomography (CT) -based system for evaluating Traumatic brain injury (TBI). This system provides a better estimation of disease prognosis. Our objective was to study the sequential changes in RSS following the evacuation of acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) and evaluate if these changes were associated with 14-day mortality and in-hospital mortality.
Methods: This is a retrospective study from a prospective database registry of TBI patients.
Results: Pre-and Post-op RSS represented a higher association with 14-day mortality (p=0.01 and p=0.004, respectively)) and in-hospital mortality (p=0.01 and p=0.001, respectively). Pupils and post-op RSS were the independent predictors for in-hospital mortality (OR=1.99, 95%CI 1.14-3.48, p=0.015).
Conclusion: The postoperative RSS is a promising tool for evaluating prognosis in patients submitted to the evacuation of ASDH.
FullStop: Punctuation and Segmentation Prediction for Dutch with Transformers
Authors: Vandeghinste Vincent , Guhr Oliver 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
When applying automated speech recognition (ASR) for Belgian Dutch (Van Dyck et al. 2021), the output consists of an unsegmented stream of words, without any punctuation. A next step is to perform segmentation and insert punctuation, making the ASR output more readable and easy to manually correct. As far as we know there is no publicly available punctuation insertion system for Dutch that functions at a usable level. The model we present here is an extension of the models of Guhr et al. (2021) for Dutch and is made publicly available. We trained a sequence classification model, based on the Dutch language model RobBERT (Delobelle et al. 2020). For every word in the input sequence, the models predicts a punctuation marker that follows the word. We have also extended a multilingual model, for cases where the language is unknown or where code switching applies. When performing the task of segmentation, the application of the best models onto out of domain test data, a sliding window of 200 words of the ASR output stream is sent to the classifier, and segmentation is applied when the system predicts a segmenting punctuation sign with a ratio above threshold. Results show to be much better than a machine translation baseline approach.
Tolerant macaque species are less impulsive and reactive
Authors: Loyant Louise , Waller Bridget M. , Micheletta Jérôme , Meunier Hélène , Ballesta Sébastien , Joly Marine 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Inhibitory control, the inhibition of impulsive behaviours, is believed to be key in navigating a complex social environment. Species characterised by higher social tolerance, living in more complex groups, with more diverse relationships, face higher uncertainty regarding the outcome of social interactions, and therefore, would benefit from employing more inhibitory strategies. To date, little is known about the selective forces that favour the evolution of inhibitory control. In this study, we compared inhibitory control skills in three closely related macaque species which differ in their social tolerance style. We tested 66 macaques from two institutions (Macaca mulatta, low tolerance; M. fascicularis, medium tolerance; and M. tonkeana, high tolerance) using a battery of validated inhibitory control touchscreen tasks. Higher social tolerance was associated with enhanced inhibitory control performances. More tolerant species were less impulsive and less distracted by pictures of unknown conspecifics. Interestingly, we did not find evidence that social tolerance degree was associated with performance in reversal learning. Overall, our results support the hypothesis that evolution has promoted the development of socio-cognitive skills to cope with the demands related to the complexity of the social environment.
A low-cost method for developing a β-sheet packed silk fibroin powder for medical application in LMICs
Authors: Tusiimire Yvonne , Lubwama Michael , Kirabira John Baptist , Olupot Peter Wilberforce , Ibingira Charles , Ssekitoleko Robert Tamale 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: FDA clinically approved silk for biomedical products in 2013 leading to its increased use. The silk comprises regenerated silk fibroin (SF) rich in β-sheet and with no traces of silk sericin. Removal of silk sericin(degumming) helps to convert silk I into silk II (﻿β-sheet-rich SF). β-sheets provide silk with biocompatibility, biodegradability, and mechanical properties. Degummed SF is stored in different formats; SF-fibre, SF-solvent, SF-aqueous, and SF powder. Although SF-aqueous is commonly used, it poses challenges in LMICs because of its short shelf life posing the need for new batches. Furthermore, LMICs face limited access to silk solvent alternatives.
Aim: To develop a low-cost method for producing a β-sheet packed silk fibroin powder for medical application in LMICs
Results: Successful SF dissolution occurred using cheaper solvent alternatives and optimising done for appropriate process. 1 wt% SF dissolution in formic acid: LiCl (FL) occurred at 60oC after 45min while with formic acid: CaCl2 (FC) at 60oC after 55min. UV-Vis analysis showed an increase in SF nanoparticles from e = 1.426 to 2.652 after dialysis indicating that solvent removal purified the solution. FTIR showed the presence of b-sheets in the SF powder at amide I, amide II, and twin amide III bands indicating the presence of silk II.