bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression Profiling of IDH, p53, ATRX, and KI-67 Immunostains as Potential Grid for Molecular Subtyping of Adult Diffuse Gliomas from Pakistan
Authors: Danish Farheen , Qureshi Muhammad Asif , Avesi Lubna , Shamim Saba Hassan , Sufiyan Sufiyan , Mirza Talat , Mughal Nouman 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background

The classification of gliomas is changing profoundly and has been shifted from histological criteria only; to morphological and molecular markers. The routine everyday approach nowadays for diagnosing diffuse gliomas begins with immunohistochemistry (IHC) for IDH1, ATRX, and p53, as these substitute molecular testing for classification. Moreover, the Ki-67 immunomarker is a useful accessory marker for the proliferative activity and hence grading of these tumors. Keeping in mind the growing importance of molecular information in CNS tumor classification and the use of integrated diagnosis according to the new WHO Classification we undertook this immunohistochemical study for the integrated diagnosis of adult diffuse gliomas in our setup.

Material & Method

In this study, 92 prospective cases of adult diffuse gliomas were included from January 2018 to June 2021. We analyzed the IDH1, ATRX, and p53 status by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and analyzed the results in correlation to histological type, grade, and among these molecular markers.

Result

IDH R132H mutation, ATRX loss, and p53 mutation were mostly accompanied by astrocytoma in the current study. For IDH gene mutation, grade 2 and 3 patients (80%) have a higher positive rate than grade 4 (20%); for P53 gene mutation, grade 2 and 3 patients (77%) have a higher positive rate than grade 4 (22.6%). ATRX loss in astrocytomas was strongly associated with IDH1-R132H (p = 0.001) and p53 (p = 0.000). Among 31 glial tumors with nuclear ATRX loss, 23 (74%) had an IDH1 mutation and 19 (61%) had a p53 mutation. Ki-67 labeling index (LI) was above 5% in more than 90% of high-grade gliomas histologically and is associated with increasing WHO grade (p = < 0.000).

Conclusion

IDH1 p53, ATRX, and Ki67 markers can successfully be used to characterize diffuse gliomas into molecularly defined groups in most cases. IDH1 mutations together with ATRX loss and p53 mutation are common in astrocytomas grade 2–4, while they are rare in glioblastoma. IDH1 mutations without ATRX loss and p53 mutation characterized oligodendrogliomas. Moreover, this IHC panel is not only helpful in evaluating astrocytic versus oligodendroglial lineage, but in identifying the presence of oncoproteins which help in predicting the prognosis and therapeutic implications of the patients.
Draft proteome of Colletotrichum falcatum revealed exclusive abundance of fungal pathogenicity-related proteins during red rot disease in sugarcane
Authors: Gujjar Ranjit Singh , Kumar Rajeev , Goswami Sanjay Kumar , Joshi Deeksha , Srivast Sangeeta , Singh Shweta , Shiv Aalok , Mall Ashutosh Kumar , Kumar Sudhir , Kumar Ashok , Pathak Ashwini Dutt , Viswanathan Rasappa 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A highly virulent Colletotrichum falcatum pathotype (CF08) was cultured in nutrient deficit media with fine-cut sugarcane stalks of red rot susceptible variety (CoJ 64). The mycelium was collected for the analysis of whole proteome using LCMS/MS. In-silico analysis was performed to identify the exclusive and differentially abundant proteins from whole proteomes of C. falcatum samples cultured with sugarcane (CFS1 and CFS2). Whole proteome analysis revealed a relatively higher number of peptide identities/proteins in CFS2 (2233), followed by CFS1 (1911), and CFC (control) with least number of proteins (1808). Compared to control, CFS1 and CFS2 samples of C. falcatum had plenty of exclusively abundant proteins like ABC transporters, glucose transporter, actin cytoskeleton-regulatory complex proteins, antimicrobial peptides, autophagy-related proteins, chitin synthase, dicer-like proteins, histone-lysine N-methyltransferase proteins, myosin-1 proteins, polyketide synthase proteins, and nonribosomal peptide synthase proteins which are involved in the process of fungal virulence/pathogenicity. In this manuscript, we report the first draft of C. falcatum proteome (whole proteome) which has been successfully submitted to ProteomeXchange Consortium via the PRIDE partner repository with the dataset identifier PXD033368.
Optimization of Hybridization of Artificial Neuron with Chaotic Genetic Algorithm in Prediction Process/With the application
Authors: Thalabi Sahera Hussein zain AL , Heydari Ali Akbar , Tavakoli Masoud 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Interest in the subject of prediction has increased in recent years and modern and advanced methods have emerged, including neural network models, chaotic algorithms, hybrid algorithms, and others. All of these methods are able to learn and self-adapt to any model, and do not need assumptions for the nature of the time series. Taking more than one method may lead to an increase in the accuracy of future estimates, so a neural network and chaotic genetic algorithms are used, so a model combines the strengths of two techniques to develop a hybrid CGANN model to obtain more accurate prediction results and reduce prediction errors.
The aim of this study is to shed light on some of the statistical methods used in predicting the future demand for electric power in the southern region, as well as pointing to the most accurate methods in predicting the future of energy. The annual electrical energy consumption data for the southern region was used to make a comparison through practical application and it was found that the three methods are very high accuracy and suitable for use in the prediction process, but the most accurate models are the hybrid algorithm consisting of neural networks and the chaotic genetic algorithm CGANN that gives better and more results efficient, and thus was used to predict the electrical load of the southern region up to 2032.
Evaluation of different doses of Femoston therapy for incomplete abortion: A prospective observational trial
Authors: Huang Xueyao , Gong Bingchen , Cai Yingying , Wang Wenrong , An Jian 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Incomplete abortion is the most common complication after miscarriage or abortion, which can lead to bleeding, infections, shock, and death if left untreated. Medication for incomplete abortion is less invasive and more acceptable than standard surgical treatment. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of different doses of femoston with expectant management for patients with incomplete abortions.
Methods
Patients diagnosed with incomplete abortion by transvaginal ultrasonography were included if they chose continued medical treatment rather than surgical intervention after relevant contraindications were excluded. Participants were divided into three groups: femoston(1/10) and femoston(2/10) group received different doses of femoston, and patients in control group received expectant treatment. Clinical characteristics of the participants, including age, gravidity, the diameter of the residual uterine content, the level of β-HCG in pre- and post-treatment, and whether missed abortion or scarred uterus were obtained. The success rate of complete abortion and the rate of menstrual recovery between the three groups were compared to evaluate the efficacy of different doses of femoston for patients with incomplete abortions.
Results
197 patients were analyzed, 73 in the femoston (1/10) group, 73 in the femoston (2/10) group, and 51 patients were follow-up without treatment in the control group. The Femoston group was more effective than the control group with statistically significant (P < 0.001). And the success rate of complete abortion in the femoston (2/10) group was significantly higher than that of the femoston (1/10) group(P = 0.035). In addition, the rate of menstrual recovery in the femoston group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P = 0.007), and the rate in the femoston (2/10) group was also higher than the femoston (1/10) group with statistically significant (P = 0.001).
Conclusions
Femoston is effective in treating incomplete abortion, with femoston containing 2 mg of estrogen being more effective. For patients with incomplete abortion are treated with femoston, and menstrual recovery time may be shortened. Femoston may be a new option for the pharmacological treatment of incomplete abortion.
Metaproteomic analysis decodes the trophic basis of microbes in the dark ocean
Authors: Zhao Zihao , Amano Chie , Reinthaler Thomas , Baltar Federico , Orellana Monica , Herndl Gerhard 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Microbes living in the dark ocean largely rely on the particulate organic matter (POM) input due the low bioavailability of deep-sea dissolved organic matter (DOM)1-3. Despite various POM injection mechanisms, coined as ‘pumps’4-6, and dark inorganic carbon(DIC) fixation7-9 are thought to fuel deep-sea microbial community, the source, composition and regeneration pathway from POM to DOM remains unclear. Here using a metaproteomic approach targeting on the structure and function of microbial communities (including eukaryotes, bacteria, archaea and virus), we reveal a size-fractionated pattern in marine protein pool. We show that zooplankton produces three time more than algae to the protein fraction of deep-sea POM. Gammaproteobacteria exhibits high metabolic activity in POM assimilation and contributes 30% of bacterial biomass. Viral lysis on active Gammaproteobacteria further converts bacterial biomass into DOM, which constitutes 80% of protein fraction of DOM. The DIC fixation mediated by nitrifiers also benefits from the urea released by zooplankton. These finding suggests that the POM and inorganic nutrient from zooplankton are of great importance in deep-sea carbon cycle, and the carbon delivery mechanism mediated by zooplankton, bacteria, archaea and viruses is intrinsically connected.
Endocrine, inflammatory and immune responses and individual differences in acute hypobaric hypoxia in lowlanders
Authors: Nishimura Takayuki , Motoi Midori , Toyoshima Hideo , Kishida Fumi , Shin Sora , Katsumura Takafumi , Nakayama Kazuhiro , Oota Hiroki , Higuchi Shigekazu , Watanuki Shigeki , Maeda Takafumi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
When lowlanders are exposed to hypobaric hypoxia (HH) environments such as high mountains, hemodynamic changes occur to maintain oxygen levels in the body. However, changes to other physiological functions under such conditions have yet to be clarified. This study aimed to investigate changes to endocrine, inflammatory and immune responses and individual differences during acute HH exposure using a climatic chamber (75 min of exposure to conditions mimicking 3500 m) in healthy lowlanders. Aldosterone and cortisol were significantly decreased and interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and white blood cell (WBC) count were significantly increased after HH. Lower peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) was associated with higher IL-6 and WBC count, and higher IL-8 was associated with higher cortisol. These results suggest that endocrine, inflammatory and immune responses are evoked even with a short 75-min exposure to HH and individuals with lower SpO2 show more pronounced responses. Our results provide basic data for understanding physiological responses and interactions of homeostatic systems with acute HH.
Cost-Effectiveness of Zanubrutinib versus Bendamustine and Rituximab in Patients with Untreated Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia
Authors: Nie Jing , Wu Huina , Zhang Huiyue , Liu Lihui , Wu Qian , Tang Ke , Wu Jiyong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Zanubrutinib is a powerful specific and irreversible bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor. Whether used alone or in combination with other drugs, it is proved to be effective in untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Here, we compared the cost-effectiveness of zanubrutinib and bendamustine-rituximab (R-bendamustine) to determine its effectiveness as first-line treatment for Chinese patients with untreated CLL.
Methods The cost-effectiveness of zanubrutinib and R-bendamustine treatment for CLL was evaluated by a partitioned survival model. It was constructed using TreeAge Pro 2011 software mainly based on the clinical data derived from SEQUOIA. Transition probabilities were estimated from the reported survival probabilities in trials using parametric survival modeling. In this analysis, the quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) and lifetime cost were calculated from the Chinese healthcare system perspective. An entire life span horizon and annual 5% discounting were used. One-way analysis and probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) were carried to explore the uncertainty of the modeling results. Additionally, several scenarios analysis, including different zanubrutinib price calculation and 20-year time horizon were evaluated.
Results The cost of zanubrutinib and R-bendamustine were $98711.7 and $53095.17. Zanubrutinib had an ICER of $58258.18 per additional QALYs gained compared with R- bendamustine. Research indicated that zanubrutinib achieved at least an 3.70% probability of cost-effectiveness at the threshold of $38223.34/QALY. One-way sensitivity analysis revealed that the results were sensitive to utility of PD. Scenario analysis showed that zanubrutinib was cost-effectiveness when its price reduced more than 20%.
Conclusions At current price, zanubrutinib was less cost-effectiveness for patients with CLL compared with R-bendamustine in China.
EU Membership and Income Inequality: Escaping The Single and Binary Treatment Approach
Authors: Serwach Tomasz 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Increasing income inequalities have raised concerns about the resilience of globalization to socio-political disturbances, such as those stemming from populism. Despite the vast literature on the openness-inequalities nexus, surprisingly little is known about the role that regionalization plays in shaping income distributions. This paper tackles this issue, focusing on the 2004 enlargement of the European Union (EU), and applying the newly introduced method belonging to the family of difference-in-differences (DID) estimators. It allows for multiple non-binary treatments. Full-fledged membership was preceded by association status, and accession to the EU was accompanied or followed by engagement in other layers of integration (European Monetary Union and Schengen Area). Controlling for these features, I was able to assess whether the pure EU effect contributed to increases in income inequalities.
JEL CLASSIFICATION
F15, F16, F66, E24, E25
Knowledge and Attitude Towards Psoriasis Among Jordanian Population: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Murshidi Rand , Shewaikani Nour , Refaei Assem Al , Al-Shami Raghad , Hwidi Bayan E. , Khateeb Dana Q , Alshamasneh Leen , Nasrallah Maram , Murshidi Raghad , Abdallat Mahmoud 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease with a 2–3% prevalence. As with other diseases with cutaneous manifestations, psoriasis patients suffer from psychological issues and social isolation. The general population's misconceptions and prejudicial attitudes toward those patients are highly implicated in ensuing psychological issues. Accordingly, this study is the first to investigate the Jordanian population's knowledge about and attitude toward psoriasis.
Methods
Our cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered online questionnaire that 1306 participants from the Jordanian population completed. The questionnaire constituted of four sections addressing the sociodemographic characteristics, previous exposure to psoriasis, knowledge about psoriasis, and attitudes toward psoriasis. The data analysis was conducted using R and Rstudio packages.
Results
The averages and standard deviations of knowledge and attitude scores of the total sample were 7.54 ± 2.38 and 3.45 ± 9.22, respectively. When further classified into categories, 73.81% laid in the moderate knowledge category. Moreover, 61.49% had a positive total attitude score. Among the common misconceptions identified were thinking that psoriasis is a hereditary disease (30.09%), denying that psoriasis increases the risk of diabetes (51.68%) and heart disease (67.69%), and not knowing that it affects the social life of patients (26.11%). Of the prominent negative attitudes observed were those related to the intimate relationship status and sharing a swimming pool with a psoriasis patient.
Conclusion
Although the Jordanian population's overall knowledge level appeared sufficient, some critical misconceptions were identified. Moreover, this research revealed a high prevalence of negative attitudes toward psoriasis among the Jordanian public. Future research could link every negative behavior to their exact triggering misconception. This may further assist in the institutional effort to combat discriminatory behaviors.
Translation and evaluation of psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Hypertension Self-Care Activity Level Effects (H-SCALE)
Authors: Shabani Mohammadamin , Taheri-Kharameh Zahra , sheikholeslamikabiri Fatemeh , Judy Maede 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background & Objectives: High blood pressure is a major cause of cardiovascular disease and premature death worldwide. The importance of self-care in controlling hypertension is obvious, and a valid and reliable tool is needed to assess the self-care status of patients with hypertension. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Blood Pressure Self-Care Level Questionnaire.
Methods: Present methodological study was conducted on 218 patients with hypertension visiting the Clinic of Qom educational and medical centers. Subjects were selected with simple sampling. Data were collected using a self-care behaviors questionnaire, Morisky Medication adherence scale, and a demographic questionnaire. The translation was done from the recommended backward-forward method according to the WHO protocol. Then face and content validity، construct validity were performed (using a comparison of known groups and confirmatory factor analysis). To test reliability, Cronbach's alpha was used. Data analysis was performed by SPSS and smart-PLS software.
Results: The correlation between the scores obtained from the self-care behaviors questionnaire and the Morisky Medication adherence scale confirmed the criterion validity. The factor loadings of the self-care behaviors questionnaire were significant in all structures. The factor loadings were higher than 0.5 except for three expressions. The extent of average variance extracted (except feeding structures) was greater than 0.5 which revealed the convergent validity of the named variables. The divergent validity of the questionnaire was confirmed using the Fornell-Larcker criterion and the heterotrait-monotrait ratio (HTMT). Cronbach's alpha coefficient, combined reliability, and index were optimal.
Conclusion: According to research findings, the Persian version of the questionnaire has good validity and reliability that can be used as a tool to measure the level of self-care of blood pressure by health care providers.
Perception and factors associated with patient safety culture in a large tertiary hospital in Palestine
Authors: Zabin Loai M. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background Patient safety culture helps with enhancing care quality, avoiding errors, promoting clinical outcomes, and reducing healthcare costs. Also, it helps minimize unfavorable events, which increases patient safety and raises the quality of medical care provided. This study aims to assess the perception of patient safety culture in a university hospital and assess the relationship between demographic and workplace characteristics of the staff with the perceptions of patient safety culture. Methods Quantitative cross-sectional study design was used. The Arabic version of HSOPSC v2.0 was used to assess the perception of patient safety culture among hospital staff. The SurveyMonkey® online platform was used to send the surveys to all staff emails within two weeks. Descriptive statistics were used to measure the perception. Man-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, and logistic regression were used to find the relations between the variables. Results “Staffing and Workplace” (59.5%) and “Response to Error” (51.9%) were found the weakest dimensions. “Teamwork” (82.5%), and the “Organizational Learning—Continuous Improvement” (81.1%) were the highest positive dimensions. The rest of the dimensions were perceived positively. Nursing staff perceived patient safety culture more positively than other professions (Mean Rank = 157.23, p-value < 0.001). The staff working in patient care units perceived patient safety culture positively more than other staff (Mean Rank = 150.86, p-value = 00.007). The staff with direct contact with patients had a more positive perception of patient safety culture (Mean Rank = 141.90, p-value < 0.001). Logistic regression found a statistically significant association between the total score of patient safety culture dimensions and staff position in the hospital (p-value = 0.003, VIF = 1.179). It also found a statistically significant association between those who have direct contact with patients and the total score of patient safety culture dimensions (p-value = 0.003, VIF = 1.208). Conclusions This study presents an assessment of patient safety culture among healthcare staff in a university hospital. The staff perceived overall patient safety culture positively. However, efforts must be done to improve the two weak dimensions. A qualitative approach study could be done to explore deeply the reasons for this weakness in these dimensions. The demographics of the staff were not associated with patient safety culture.
Separating the effects of childhood- and adult-onset asthma on rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Huang Guiwu , Zhong Yonglie , Liao Weiming , Zhao Xiaoyi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: The causal relationship between asthma and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has not been well investigated from a perspective of genetics. This study investigated the effects of asthma appearing at different ages on the risk of RA and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) using the Mendelian randomization (MR) method.
Methods: Single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with asthma were used as instrumental variables. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the main MR method to estimate causal effects based on the summary-level data for RA and SLE. Cochran’s Q test as the sensitivity analyses validated the robustness of the results and ensured the absence of heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy.
Results: Asthma (adult onset) and asthma (childhood onset) were identified to be causally associated with RA based on the IVW method (adult-onset asthma, odds ratio [OR]: 1.360, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.176–1.572, p = 3.30×10-5; childhood-onset asthma, OR: 1.119, 95% CI: 1.030–1.216, p = 7.96×10-3). There were no associations between genetically predicted asthma (both adult and childhood onset) and the risk of SLE. Sensitivity analysis, like Cochran’s Q test, further excluded the influence of heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy.
Conclusions: Both adult- and childhood-onset asthma were causally associated with RA but not SLE. The findings are valuable for understanding inflammation related to asthma and RA pathology and can guide the prevention of different diseases.