bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence and risk factors of blowout within 90 days after a primary Hartmann’s procedure: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Secher Josefine , Balachandran Rogini , Iversen Lene Hjerrild 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The literature reports a varying occurrence (3–33%) of blowout of the rectal remnant after Hartmann’s procedure, and there is a lack of multivariate analyses on potential risk factors for blowout following Hartmann’s procedure. We aimed to estimate the incidence of blowout within 90 days after a primary Hartmann’s procedure and to identify potential risk factors for blowout through multivariate analysis.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Department of Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, a Danish primary and tertiary hospital. Patients who underwent primary surgery with Hartmann’s procedure irrespective of surgical setting and indications between September 2016 and August 2021 were included. Blowout was defined as a defective closure line of the rectal stump or a pelvic abscess.

Results
A total of 178 patients were included, and blowout occurred in 30 patients (16.9%) within 90 days after a primary Hartmann’s procedure. Multivariate analysis showed increased risk of blowout among patients with Hinchey IV diverticulitis (relative risk 6.32 (95% CI 4.09–9.75)), previous radiotherapy (relative risk 3.35 (95% CI 1.67–6.74)), and alcohol overconsumption (relative risk 1.69 (95% CI 1.05–2.72)). Intraoperative insertion of a Foley catheter in the rectal remnant significantly reduced the risk of blowout within 90 days after a primary Hartmann’s procedure (relative risk 0.18 (95% CI 0.05–0.65)).

Conclusion
Blowout remains a severe and common complication within 90 days after a primary Hartmann’s procedure. Hinchey IV diverticulitis, pelvic radiotherapy, and alcohol overconsumption are risk factors. An intraoperatively inserted rectal Foley catheter is a protective factor and can be considered used in all patients undergoing Hartmann’s procedure.
On Some Non-Rigid Unit Distance Patterns
Authors: Frankl Nóra , Woodruff Dora 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA recent generalization of the Erdős Unit Distance Problem, proposed by Palsson, Senger, and Sheffer, asks for the maximum number of unit distance paths with a given number of vertices in the plane and in 3-space. Studying a variant of this question, we prove sharp bounds on the number of unit distance paths and cycles on the sphere of radius $$1/{\sqrt{2}}$$

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. We also consider a similar problem about 3-regular unit distance graphs in $$\mathbb {R}^3$$

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Age-, gender- and body site-specific reference values of thermal Quantitative Sensory Testing in the Italian population using the Q-sense device
Authors: Cosentino Giuseppe , Antoniazzi Elisa , Bonomi Laura , Cavigioli Camilla , D’Agostino Mariateresa , Todisco Massimiliano , Tassorelli Cristina 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Age-, gender- and body site-specific values of thermal Quantitative Sensory Testing (QST) measures have not yet been reported using the novel and cheap device ‘Q-sense’. Here, we aimed to assess normative values of Q-sense-derived parameters in a representative Italian population.

Methods
QST parameters were measured in 84 healthy participants (42 males; aged 20–76 years) equally distributed into three age groups (18–39, 40–59 and 60–80 years). We explored the Warm and the Cold Detection Thresholds (WDT and CDT, respectively) with the method of limits (MLI) and the method of levels (MLE), and the Heat Pain Threshold (HPT) with the MLI. We tested the trigeminal supraorbital region, the hand thenar, and the foot dorsum on the right body side.

Results
We calculated non-parametric reference limits (2.5–97.5th) according to age, gender and tested site. All QST measures were affected by age, gender and tested site. In the extra-trigeminal body sites, females showed lower WDT and higher CDT, while males had higher HPT. Worse sensory discriminative abilities and increased HPT values were found in people aged over 40 on the foot. Age-related differences were more evident with the reaction time–dependent MLI vs. MLE paradigm.

Conclusions
Demographic characteristics must be considered when QST is used in the clinical setting. The definition of reference limits for sensory testing with the Q-sense herein provided can pave the way towards a more widespread use of thermal QST for diagnosing small fiber neuropathy and for identifying patients’ profiles in different chronic pain syndromes.
Predictors of dopamine dysregulation syndrome in patients with early Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Liang Keke , Li Xiaohuan , Ma Jianjun , Yang Hongqi , Shi Xiaoxue , Fan Yongyan , Yang Dawei , Guo Dashuai , Liu Chuanze , Dong Linrui , Chang Qingqing , GU Qi , Chen Siyuan , Li Dongsheng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Dopamine dysregulation syndrome (DDS) is a complication of Parkinson’s disease (PD) that seriously affects the quality of life of PD patients. Currently, the risk factors for DDS are poorly known, and it is critical to identify them in the early stages of PD.

Objective
To explore the incidence of and risk factors for DDS in patients with early PD.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted on the general data, clinical features, and imaging data of patients with early PD in the PPMI database. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to analyze the risk factors for the development of DDS in patients with early PD, and Kaplan‒Meier curves examined the frequency and predictors of incident DDS symptoms.

Results
At baseline, 2.2% (n = 6) of patients with early PD developed DDS, and the cumulative incidence rates of DDS during the 5-year follow-up period were 2.8%, 6.4%, 10.8%, 15.5%, and 18.7%, respectively. In the multivariate Cox regression model controlling for age, sex, and drug use, hypersexuality (HR = 3.088; 95% CI: 1.416~6.732; P = 0.005), compulsive eating (HR = 3.299; 95% CI: 1.665~6.534; P = 0.001), compulsive shopping (HR = 3.899; 95% CI: 1.769~8.593; P = 0.001), anxiety (HR = 4.018; 95% CI: 2.136~7.599; P < 0.01), and lower Hoehn-Yahr (H-Y) stage (HR = 0.278; 95% CI: 0.152~0.509; P < 0.01) were independent risk factors for DDS in patients with early PD. PD patients with DDS had lower DAT uptake values than those patients without DDS.

Conclusion
Early PD patients with hypersexuality, compulsive eating, compulsive shopping, anxiety, and lower H-Y stage were at increased risk for DDS. The occurrence of DDS may be related to the decrease in the average DAT uptake of the caudate and putamen.
Graph isomorphism: physical resources, optimization models, and algebraic characterizations
Authors: Mančinska Laura , Roberson David E. , Varvitsiotis Antonios 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn the (G, H)-isomorphism game, a verifier interacts with two non-communicating players (called provers), by privately sending each of them a random vertex from either G or H. The goal of the players is to convince the verifier that the graphs G and H are isomorphic. In recent work along with Atserias et al. (J Comb Theory Ser B 136:89–328, 2019) we showed that a verifier can be convinced that two non-isomorphic graphs are isomorphic, if the provers are allowed to share quantum resources. In this paper we model classical and quantum graph isomorphism by linear constraints over certain complicated convex cones, which we then relax to a pair of tractable convex models (semidefinite programs). Our main result is a complete algebraic characterization of the corresponding equivalence relations on graphs in terms of appropriate matrix algebras. Our techniques are an interesting mix of algebra, combinatorics, optimization, and quantum information.
The Visual Language Research Corpus (VLRC): an annotated corpus of comics from Asia, Europe, and the United States
Authors: Cohn Neil , Cardoso Bruno , Klomberg Bien , Hacımusaoğlu Irmak 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Visual Language Research Corpus (VLRC) is a dataset of annotations of 376 stories from comics from the United States, northwestern Europe, and East Asia, along with analysis of the complete 10 year run of the Calvin and Hobbes comic strip. Comics were annotated using 254 constructs from Visual Language Theory, a framework focusing on the linguistic and cognitive structures involved in visual and multimodal information. These annotations include analysis of panel’s attentional framing structure and filmic shot scale, the situational changes across panels, page layouts, multimodality, visual morphology, and path structure.
Gestational Breast Cancer – a Review of Outcomes, Pathophysiology, and Model Systems
Authors: Callaway Mackenzie K. , dos Santos Camila O. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe onset of pregnancy marks the start of offspring development, and represents the key physiological event that induces re-organization and specialization of breast tissue. Such drastic tissue remodeling has also been linked to epithelial cell transformation and the establishment of breast cancer (BC). While patient outcomes for BC overall continue to improve across subtypes, prognosis remains dismal for patients with gestational breast cancer (GBC) and post-partum breast cancer (PPBC), as pregnancy and lactation pose additional complications and barriers to several gold standard clinical approaches. Moreover, delayed diagnosis and treatment, coupled with the aggressive time-scale in which GBC metastasizes, inevitably contributes to the higher incidence of disease recurrence and patient mortality. Therefore, there is an urgent and evident need to better understand the factors contributing to the establishment and spreading of BC during pregnancy. In this review, we provide a literature-based overview of the diagnostics and treatments available to patients with BC more broadly, and highlight the treatment deficit patients face due to gestational status. Further, we review the current understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms driving GBC, and discuss recent advances in model systems that may support the identification of targetable approaches to block BC development and dissemination during pregnancy. Our goal is to provide an updated perspective on GBC, and to inform critical areas needing further exploration to improve disease outcome.
Critical analysis of thermal conductivity enhancement of alumina–water nanofluids
Authors: Iqbal M. , Kouloulias K. , Sergis A. , Hardalupas Y. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNanofluids are colloidal suspensions constituted of nanoparticles and typical heat transfer fluids which have shown potential in yielding enhanced heat transport for many applications. Significant attention has been paid to their thermal conductivity enhancement which has been alleged, in some cases, to exceed theoretical limits classifying the enhancement as “anomalous”. The present study aims to quantitatively investigate the nature of the enhancements reported in the literature and classify their alignment with theoretical predictions. To do so, a rigorous and objective mathematical analysis method has been employed. The novelty and value of the present work lies in the deeper characterisation and understanding of the anomalous observations reported. The present analytical study focuses on (spherical) Al2O3–water nanofluids. It was discovered that studies involving low nanoparticle concentrations ($$\phi $$ϕ≤ 0.2 vol%) and the use of electrostatic stabilisation (through pH control) as opposed to steric stabilisation (using surfactants) as suspension stability control methods are likely to report anomalous effects. An exceptional case was observed ford < 15 nm, where to achieve anomalous enhancement, surfactants and pH controllers should not be used to prevent significant interfacial resistance. The shared characteristics of these anomalous observations indicate that nanofluid preparation effects are linked to the underlying physical mechanisms of heat transfer involved and those should be further investigated. The failure of studies attempting to replicate anomalous thermal conductivity enhancement in the literature could hence be understood, as these did not satisfy the conditions required to lead to an anomalous enhancement. The role of measurement errors was also considered.
Physical Models for Solar Cycle Predictions
Authors: Bhowmik Prantika , Jiang Jie , Upton Lisa , Lemerle Alexandre , Nandy Dibyendu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe dynamic activity of stars such as the Sun influences (exo)planetary space environments through modulation of stellar radiation, plasma wind, particle and magnetic fluxes. Energetic solar-stellar phenomena such as flares and coronal mass ejections act as transient perturbations giving rise to hazardous space weather. Magnetic fields – the primary driver of solar-stellar activity – are created via a magnetohydrodynamic dynamo mechanism within stellar convection zones. The dynamo mechanism in our host star – the Sun – is manifest in the cyclic appearance of magnetized sunspots on the solar surface. While sunspots have been directly observed for over four centuries, and theories of the origin of solar-stellar magnetism have been explored for over half a century, the inability to converge on the exact mechanism(s) governing cycle to cycle fluctuations and inconsistent predictions for the strength of future sunspot cycles have been challenging for models of the solar cycles. This review discusses observational constraints on the solar magnetic cycle with a focus on those relevant for cycle forecasting, elucidates recent physical insights which aid in understanding solar cycle variability, and presents advances in solar cycle predictions achieved via data-driven, physics-based models. The most successful prediction approaches support the Babcock-Leighton solar dynamo mechanism as the primary driver of solar cycle variability and reinforce the flux transport paradigm as a useful tool for modelling solar-stellar magnetism.
Industrial and infrastructural conditions for production and export of green hydrogen and synthetic fuels in the MENA region: insights from Jordan, Morocco, and Oman
Authors: Ersoy Sibel Raquel , Terrapon-Pfaff Julia , Pregger Thomas , Braun Josua , Jamea El Mostafa , Al-Salaymeh Ahmed , Braunschweig Patrick , Bereschi Zsuzsa , Ciobotaru Oana Teodora , Viebahn Peter 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGreen hydrogen and synthetic fuels are increasingly recognized as a key strategic element for the progress of the global energy transition. The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, with its large wind and solar potential, is well positioned to generate renewable energy at low cost for the production of green hydrogen and synthetic fuels, and is therefore considered as a potential future producer and exporter. Yet, while solar and wind energy potentials are essential, other factors are expected to play an equally important role for the development of green hydrogen and synthetic fuels (export) sectors. This includes, in particular, adequate industrial capacities and infrastructures. These preconditions vary from country to country, and while they have been often mentioned in the discussion on green hydrogen exports, they have only been examined to a limited extent. This paper employs a case study approach to assess the existing infrastructural and industrial conditions in Jordan, Morocco, and Oman for the development of a green hydrogen and downstream synthetic fuel (export) sector.
Decreased Arsenic Disposition and Alteration of its Metabolic Profile in mice Coexposed to Fluoride
Authors: Peña Luz C. Sanchez , Hernández Angel Barrera , Del Razo Luz M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractInorganic arsenic (iAs) and fluoride (iF) are ubiquitous elements whose coexistence is frequent in several regions of the world due to the natural contamination of water sources destined for human consumption. It has been reported that coexposure to these two elements in water can cause toxic effects on health, which are controversial since antagonistic and synergistic effects have been reported. However, there is little information on the possible toxicological interaction between concurrent exposure to iAs and iF on the iAs metabolism profile.The goal of this study was to determine the effect of iF exposure on iAs methylation patterns in the urine and the tissues of female mice of the C57BL/6 strain, which were divided into four groups and exposed daily for 10 days through drinking water as follows: purified water (control); arsenite 1 mg/L, fluoride 50 mg/L and arsenite & fluoride 1:50 mg/L.To characterize the iAs methylation pattern in concomitant iF exposure, iAs and its methylated metabolites (MAs and DMAs) were quantified in the tissues and the urine of mice was exposed to iAs alone or in combination. Our results showed a statistically significant decrease in the arsenic species concentrations and altered relative proportions of arsenic species in tissues and urine in the As-iF coexposure group compared to the iAs-exposed group. These findings show that iF exposure decreases arsenic disposition and alters methylation capacity.Nevertheless, additional studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms involved in the iAs-iF interaction through iF exposure affecting iAs disposition and metabolism.
Surfactant-supported organoclay for removal of anionic food dyes in batch and column modes: adsorption characteristics and mechanism study
Authors: Mostafa Aya G. , Abd El-Hamid Ahmed I. , Akl Magda A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to create CTAB-modified bentonite organoclay (Bt@CTAB) by mixing the naturally occurring mineral bentonite (Bt) with the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). Elemental analysis, N2 adsorption–desorption isotherm, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, and thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis have been employed to analyze both the unmodified Bt and the Bt@CTAB organoclay. The dye sorption onto Bt@CTAB organoclay was investigated in the batch and column modes using aqueous solutions of anionic food dyes, viz., Sunset yellow FCF (E110), Azorubine (E122), and Ponceau 4R (E124) (individually or in a mixture). Experimental variables affecting the adsorption process, such as initial dye concentration, contact time, temperature, pH, and adsorbent dose, are evaluated. From the kinetic investigations, the adsorption of E110, E122, and E124 dyes well matched the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. E110 and E122 dyes adsorption onto Bt@CTAB attained equilibrium in 120 min while attained in 240 min for E124. The investigated food dyes were expected to achieve maximum adsorption efficiencies at concentration of 100 ppm of (E110 and E124) and 150 ppm of (E124), an adsorbent dosage of 0.4 gL−1, and an initial pH 5. In addition, Langmuir model best fits the sorption isotherm data, with the maximum adsorption capacity at 303 K being 238 mg/g, 248.75 mg/g, and 358.25 mg/g for E110, E122, and E124, respectively. The Bt@CTAB organoclay can be regenerated up to the 4th cycle successfully. The thermodynamic studies revealed the spontaneous and exothermic nature of the adsorption of these anionic dyes onto Bt@CTAB organoclay. The prepared cationic Bt@CTAB organoclay was successfully applied for the removal of E110, E122, and E124 from real water samples, synthetic effluents, and colored soft drinks with a recovery (R%) higher than 95%. The plausible adsorption mechanism of E110, E122, and E124 onto Bt@CTAB organoclay is proposed to be due to electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bond formation. Finally, the present study shows that Bt@CTAB organoclay may be employed efficiently and effectively to remove anionic food dyes from a wide range of real water and colored soft drinks.
Re-validation of biochemophysical variables as metrics for assessing the ecological integrity of an aquatic ecosystem (Badagry Lagoon, Lagos, Nigeria)
Authors: Ndimele Prince Emeka 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAssessment of ecological integrity of aquatic ecosystem is a major priority for scientists, government and private concerns all-over the world. In this study, multi-metric indices (physico-chemistry, biodiversity, length–weight relationship and condition factor) was used to evaluate the ecological integrity of Badagry Lagoon, Lagos, Nigeria. Three sampling sites (Akarakumo, Topo and Ajido) were selected based on extent of fishing activities. Water and fish samples were collected monthly from the three sampling stations for ten consecutive months (February to November, 2018). Standard methods were used for the analysis of physico-chemical parameters, fish diversity, length–weight relationship and condition factor of some fish species from the study sites. Simpson’s dominance index (0.056–0.057) and Shannon diversity index (3.11–3.13) were similar for the three sampling stations. The initial growth coefficient (a) in this study varied within a very narrow range (0.01–0.04) while the growth coefficient (b) had wider range (2.14–3.16). Growth pattern was predominantly negative allometry. Most of the fish species encountered were not under threat of extinction except Sarotherodon melanotheron and Sarotherodon galilaeus that were critically endangered and vulnerable, respectively. The physico-chemical variables of the sampling stations indicated that the ecological integrity of the water body is high, and this was corroborated by the results of biodiversity study, length–weight relationship and condition factors. Therefore, these metrics can be used in the assessment of the ecological integrity of aquatics.
Modified-likelihood estimation of fixed-effect models for dyadic data
Authors: Jochmans Koen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe consider point estimation and inference based on modifications of the profile likelihood in models for dyadic interactions betweennagents featuring agent-specific parameters. The maximum-likelihood estimator of such models has bias and standard deviation of order$$n^{-1}$$n-1and so is asymptotically biased. Estimation based on modified likelihoods leads to estimators that are asymptotically unbiased and likelihood ratio tests that exhibit correct size.
Inertial hybrid gradient method with adaptive step size for variational inequality and fixed point problems of multivalued mappings in Banach spaces
Authors: Mewomo O. T. , Alakoya T. O. , Khan S. H. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe propose in this article a new inertial hybrid gradient method with self-adaptive step size for approximating a common solution of variational inequality and fixed point problems for an infinite family of relatively nonexpansive multivalued mappings in Banach spaces. Unlike in many existing hybrid gradient methods, here the projection onto the closed convex set is replaced with projection onto some half-space which can easily be implemented. We incorporate into the proposed algorithm inertial term and self-adaptive step size which help to accelerate rate of convergence of iterative schemes. Moreover, we prove a strong convergence theorem without the knowledge of the Lipschitz constant of the monotone operator and we apply our result to find a common solution of constrained convex minimization and fixed point problems in Banach spaces. Finally, we present a numerical example to demonstrate the efficiency of our algorithm in comparison with some recent iterative methods in the literature.