bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL STRESS ON NON-SPECIFIC RESISTANCE OF THE ORGANISM OF COWS
Authors: Deryugina Anna V. , Ivashchenko Marina N. , Metelin Vladislav B. , Kovylin Roman S. , Ignatiev Pavel S. 
Published: August 2023

Background. The intensification of animal husbandry leads to a violation of the adaptive capabilities of the body, a decrease in productivity and natural resistance of animals. The study of nonspecific factors of protection of the cow's body will allow us to develop ways to increase the immune status and as additional information can be used in breeding work for the selection of highly resistant parent pairs.
Purpose. The study of the cellular and humoral link of nonspecific resistance in the development of a stress reaction in cattle after the action of technological stress on the body of cows.
Materials and methods. The work was carried out on 20 clinically healthy highly productive black-and-white cows. The stressor for the cows was the regrouping, the change of attendants, the conduct of veterinary and sanitary manipulations. The total number of leukocytes, leukogram, bactericidal and lysozyme activity of the blood serum of cows were studied by standard clinical and laboratory methods and the morphology of leukocytes on a scanning electron microscope before and 3, 14, 30 days after technological stress.
Results. On days 3-14 after stress, leukocytosis, neutrophilia, monocytosis and lymphopenia were detected relative to the initial level. When using high-resolution microscopy using a scanning electron microscope, the appearance of NEToses in the blood of cows after technological stress was detected. A decrease in the bactericidal activity of serum on the 3rd day after stress with its subsequent increase was established, on the contrary, an increase in lysozyme on the 3rd day was accompanied by its subsequent decrease by 30 days after the technological stress relative to the initial level.
Conclusion. The data obtained indicate that the body's defenses are a dynamic physiological indicator, which must be considered as a general resistance of the cattle body to stressors in order to prevent the disruption of the body's adaptive capabilities.
IMPROVEMENT OF WORKING CONDITIONS IN RURAL AREAS THROUGH THE FORMATION OF INFRASTRUCTURE FOR AGRICULTURAL SERVICES
Authors: Kuts Vasily I. , Abushenkova Marina V. , Zhuravlev Pavel V. , Kurnosov Vladimir S. 
Published: August 2023

Relevance of the study. The infrastructure of rural settlements has a significant impact on the quality of life of the rural population and, as a result, on the development of the infrastructure of the agro-industrial complex.
Objective. The purpose of this study is to develop scientific and methodological provisions for improving the infrastructure of agricultural services.
Materials and methods. The research methodology includes bibliographic analysis, as well as analysis of statistical data. To identify the most significant factors for ordinary agricultural workers, the method of expert assessments is used.
Results. Studies have been conducted on the agro-industrial complex organizations of the Altai Territory. The main part of the article identifies external and internal factors that determine the quality of working conditions in agriculture. Using the method of expert assessments, the most significant factors for ordinary agricultural workers were identified. In order to introduce digitalization in the agro-industrial complex, software and hardware unmanned complexes designed to perform certain functions in crop production are considered. Digital solutions designed to perform the functions of interaction with suppliers, consumers and transportation of agricultural products are described. The issues of environmental safety of workplaces in the agro-industrial complex are considered.
Conclusion. It is revealed that in order to effectively develop the infrastructure of rural settlements as a tool to improve the quality of life of the rural population, it is necessary to abandon the policy of maximum coverage in favor of a policy of concentrating efforts on a certain territory on the basis of a comprehensive plan covering all spheres of society and involving sectoral authorities in its implementation within a single project.
ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY OF THE HUMAN HEART DURING THE PERIOD OF VENTRICULAR DEPOLARIZATION UNDER ACUTE NORMOBARIC HYPOXIA
Authors: Zamenina Elena V. , Ivonina Natalya I. , Roshchevskaya Irina M. 
Published: August 2023

Background. The effect of acute hypoxia on the human heart leads to deterioration of the heart function, this is reflected in an increase of the heterogeneity of the depolarization process, which is difficult to reveal when using a traditional ECG.
Purpose. To investigate the electrical activity of the heart during the ventricular depolarization on the thorax surface under the exposure of acute normobaric hypoxia using multichannel ECG mapping.
Material and methods. The electrical activity of the heart in apparently healthy young men (20±1 years) was studied during ventricular depolarization under exposure of acute normobaric hypoxia using cardioelectrotopography. Unipolar ECGs were recorded from 64 electrodes on the surface of the chest, simultaneously with bipolar ECGs in limb leads and the amplitudes of R and S waves from the surface electrodes localized in positions V1 and V5 of the traditional ECG were evaluated.
Results. It was revealed that during hypoxia, in comparison with the initial state, the pattern of distribution and the spatio-temporal dynamics of positive and negative cardiac potentials reflecting the sequence of myocardial activation on the torso surface did not change significantly and were typical for the period of ventricular depolarization of the healthy person. A decrease in the amplitudes of the maximum extrema of cardiac electric potentials, the amplitudes of the SV1 and RV5 waves at hypoxic exposure was revealed: the amplitude of the maximum decreased from 1.88±0.58 mV in the initial state to 1.83±0.55 mV at hypoxia, the minimum – from -2.08±0.76 mV to -1.85±0.73 mV, the SV1 wave from -1.28±0.25 mV to -1.17±0.18 mV, RV5 wave from 1.21±0.25 mV to 1.05±0.29 mV, respectively, while the duration of ventricular depolarization did not change statistically significantly.
Conclusion. Under hypoxic exposure, the examined persons showed a significant decrease in the amplitudes of the maximum extrema of the electric field of the heart, a direct correlation between changes in the amplitudes of the positive extremum and the RV5 wave, with practically unchanged duration of ventricular depolarization and dynamics of the distribution of cardioelectric potentials.
MODERN MODELS OF PERSONNEL INVOLVEMENT IN THE COMPANY
Authors: Kashtanova YEkatyerina , Lobacheva A. , Ashurbekov R. 
Published: August 2023

The level of staff involvement is a very important tool for personnel management and business in general. It needs to be researched, improved and maintained to ensure the growth of companies. The article provides an overview of the main domestic and foreign models that allow assessing the state of staff involvement, exploring the structure of involvement, finding its main bottlenecks and opportunities for development. The article examines the composition and focus of the Q12 Gallup engagement questionnaire, the model of Deloitte, McKinsey and other major companies, emphasizes the importance of creating a sense of employee belonging to the company and provides best practices of employee engagement, which are universal in nature, they can be implemented by many companies to improve their corporate culture and increase their own efficiency.
ORGANIZATION OF A WORKPLACE FOR REMOTE WORK IN MODERN CONDITIONS
Authors: Belova O. , Panin V. , Rudchenko P. , Artemova V. 
Published: August 2023

This article discusses the problems of organizing jobs caused by a change in public consciousness, the introduction of new technologies in business processes, as well as extreme events, a pandemic, etc. The main trends characteristic of the process of organizing jobs at the present stage are highlighted, it is emphasized that in connection with the trends towards the harmonization of life and a healthy lifestyle, the extension of human life, the increase in the retirement age, the intensification of the struggle for talents, the rise in the cost of labor, the philosophy of organizing jobs is changing towards taking into account not only the requirements of the law, but also the recommendations of industrial medicine, occupational health, psychophysiology and ergonomics. The legislative documents that are the basis for the workplace equipment, as well as the results of a study aimed at studying the expectations of modern Russian personnel in the field of organizing workplaces for remote (remote) work of an office worker, are given.
Effect of polycystic ovary syndrome on increased risk of cardiovascular disease
Authors: Maciak Anna , Pawłucki Piotr , Cuper Paulina , Sekuła Michał , Dziurowicz Błażej , Cuper Michalina 
Published: August 2023

Introduction and purpose: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women. It is a very complex disease in which hormonal disorders result in a number of metabolic dysfunctions and malfunctioning of the ovaries. This can lead to infertility, miscarriage and an increased risk of endometrial cancer. The aim of our work is to draw attention to the influence of PCOS on increased cardiovascular risk.
Brief description of the state of knowledge: The occurrence of PCOS, especially uncontrolled pharmacologically and non-pharmacologically, may be associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. The literature describes a higher incidence of dyslipidemia, carbohydrate metabolism disorders, obesity, hypertension, chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. As a consequence, it can lead to the development of metabolic syndrome. All these factors negatively affect the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. To prevent this, it is necessary to use appropriate pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods in women diagnosed with PCOS.
Conclusion: The mechanism of PCOS is complex and its development is influenced by genetic, endocrine, metabolic and environmental factors. The lack of proper diagnosis and the lack of treatment of PCOS is associated with numerous metabolic complications and an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Due to the poorly understood pathomechanism of this disease, further long-term studies are needed to help diagnose and treat PCOS.
IQOS - new heat-not-burn tobacco products and its impact on health
Authors: Jachowicz Krzysztof , Feja Krzysztof , Łuczak Ewa , Bieńkowski Borys , Petryla Piotr , Suwała Zuzanna , Korol Filip , Dobek Adam , Rektor Natalia , Symulewicz Michał 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Iqos and other heat-not-burn products according to tobacco companies are a safer alternative to cigarettes.
The aim of this article is to objectively review the potential impact of iQOS® on human health by searching for and integrating published research findings.
This article provides a comprehensive review and analysis of the scientific research conducted on the effects of Iqos use on human health, distinguishing between specific medical fields.
Materials and methods: This study is based on medical articles collected from the PubMed database spanning the years 2016-2023. The research was conducted through the analysis of keywords such as "Iqos", "Heat not burn", and "Iqos health impact".
Results: Tobacco heaters are seen as potentially less harmful. However, emerging research on their harmfulness clearly shows that despite reduced concentrations of compounds hazardous to health, the aerosol produced by heaters still contains the same harmful substances. Further studies show that the toxic impact of the aerosol is at a similar level to that of smoke from traditional cigarettes.
Role playing and interdependence among husbands of Iranian women after a mastectomy
Authors: Shamloo Marzieh Beigom Bigdeli , Elahi Nasrin , Zaker Marziyeh Asadi , Zarea Kourosh , Zareiyan Armin 
Published: August 2023

Background: Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women. Aim: To investigate the impact of breast cancer on the husbands of Iranian women. Methods: A content analysis based on a Callista-Roy adaptation model was conducted on 23 patients with breast cancer and their husbands and therapists. After asking questions about coping with cancer through telephone interviews, the following subcategories were obtained: role play and interdependence. Data analysis was completed via the Elo and Kyngas approach. Results: Data analysis led to the production of 51 initial codes from participants' experiences. The category role-playing included three further sub-categories: primary role, secondary role and tertiary role. Independence/dependence problems included seven sub-categories: personal beliefs, love and heartfelt attachment, organised support, non-organised support, support failure, economic problems and dependence problems/independence. Conclusions: Husbands of women who have had a mastectomy have to take on new roles in their life in order to care for their wife. Also, despite the financial, spiritual, psychological, and medical support that they receive, husbands still felt that the support was insufficient.
Palliative care programmes for people with conditions other than cancer in Thailand: a literature review
Authors: Suratako Savitree , Matchim Yaowarat 
Published: August 2023

Background: Thailand has few studies on palliative care programmes for people with conditions other than cancer. Objective: The objective of this review was to investigate and discuss existing studies of palliative care programmes for non-cancer patients in Thailand. Methods: A literature review was conducted using CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct and Google Scholar to find research conducted from 2000 to 2020. The search found 29 articles, eight of which met the inclusion criteria. Results: The eight articles included in this review were focused on four end-stage renal disease (ESRD) programmes, two congestive heart failure (CHF) programmes, one chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) programme and one stroke programme. Conclusions: There have been few studies of existing palliative care programmes for non-cancer patients in Thailand. These programmes were developed for persons with ESRD, CHF, COPD and stroke, whereas none were available for people with dementia. More palliative care programmes are needed for non-cancer patients.
The relationship between caregiver burden and anger level of informal caregivers of patients in palliative care centre
Authors: Çatıker Aslıhan , Uğur Hacer Gök , Bülbül İlkay , Koçer Elif 
Published: August 2023

Background: Palliative care is a comprehensive service that includes not only the patient but also the caregivers. Aims: This research was carried out to determine the relationship and factors affecting the burden and anger level of informal caregivers of patients. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted with caregivers (n=206) of patients hospitalised in two Palliative Care Centers in Ordu, Türkiye. Findings: In the research, it was determined that there was a statistically significant relationship between the burden of caregivers and the trait anger level, anger-in, anger-out sub-dimension scores of The Trait Anger and Anger Expression Scale, but a negative relationship was found between the burden of caregivers and anger control sub-dimension scores of The Trait Anger and Anger Expression Scale. Conclusions: The burden of a caregiving process has a positive impact on the trait anger level, anger-in, anger-out but has a negative impact on anger control. Nurses should monitor a caregiver's level of anger and burden and develop programmes required to decrease the caregiver's anger level and burden.
Contemporary portrait of the working lives of ambulance services staff in Wales
Authors: Hunt Julian , Gammon John , Williams Sharon , Holland Peter , Tham Tse Leng , Humphreys Ioan 
Published: August 2023

Background: Ambulance services staff are under more pressure than ever. Inadequate numbers face unmanageable workloads. For the first time in more than three decades, these employees in England and Wales have taken industrial action over wages and working conditions. Aims: This study aimed to understand the wellbeing and working environment of ambulance services staff in Wales. Methods: An online survey of 594 ambulance services staff was carried out. Data were analysed using standard quantitative and qualitative research methods. Findings: Key factors impacting wellbeing include work intensification, burnout and a lack of trust in management, which were increasing intentions to leave the profession. Conclusion: Ambulance services in Wales are reaching a critical tipping point. If the issues raised in this study are not addressed, the outcome will most likely be an accelerating departure from the profession of highly skilled people who are expensive and difficult to replace.
Raised levels of depression and PTSD in ambulance staff: causes and solutions
Authors: Crawford-Clark Louise 
Published: August 2023

Background: Ambulance staff are reported to have higher levels of mental health problems, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), than the general population. Vicarious trauma has been attributed to the increased prevalence of depression and PTSD in ambulance service staff. Aims: This literature review explores the causes of the greater prevalence of PTSD and discusses interventions to lower these high rates. Methods: A literature review was carried out and four relevant studies were selected. A critical appraisal tool was then used to produce a systematic analysis. Findings: PTSD in the ambulance service is up to 10 times greater than in the general public, higher than in both the police and fire services and equal to that in the military. The cause of this higher prevalence of PTSD lies not only in vicarious trauma but also in the toll of shift work and in biological predisposition. Conclusion: There is a paucity of research on PTSD in ambulance staff; research is needed into post-exposure treatments as well as into pre-exposure interventions.
Prehospital use of the paediatric observation priority score
Authors: Morgan Rebecca , Cutter Jayne 
Published: August 2023

Background:In the prehospital setting, the incidence of seriously unwell children is low and emergency medical staff have repeatedly expressed concerns about their confidence and knowledge with regard to assessing children. The paediatric observation priority score (POPS) was designed in response to concerns about the identification of seriously unwell children. The ambulance service in this study began to implement POPS in 2018.Aim:To examine the use and documentation of POPS by ambulance staff in a Welsh health board.Methods:A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out, covering 121 paediatric patients over 3 months with data collected from patient clinical records.Findings:Patient observations were well documented (77.7%), score accuracy was high (82%) and the majority of patients were pre-alerted appropriately (80% of POPS 7). Statistically significant associations were drawn between patient age and observations as well as between POPS and patient outcomes. However, compliance with POPS was only 32.3%.Conclusion:Although the use of POPS is relatively low, children mainly did have relevant observations recorded and when POPS was used, it was accurate. Education and training would improve compliance. Future research recommendations include investigating the education and confidence of emergency medical staff regarding paediatric patients.
Identifying high risk clinical phenogroups of pulmonary hypertension through a clustering analysis
Authors: Rambarat Paula , Zern Emily K. , Wang Dongyu , Roshandelpoor Athar , Zarbafian Shahrooz , Liu Elizabeth E. , Wang Jessica K. , McNeill Jenna N. , Andrews Carl T. , Pomerantsev Eugene V. , Diamant Nathaniel , Batra Puneet , Lubitz Steven A. , Picard Michael H. , Ho Jennifer E. 
Published: August 2023

Introduction
The classification and management of pulmonary hypertension (PH) is challenging due to clinical heterogeneity of patients. We sought to identify distinct multimorbid phenogroups of patients with PH that are at particularly high-risk for adverse events.

Methods
A hospital-based cohort of patients referred for right heart catheterization between 2005–2016 with PH were included. Key exclusion criteria were shock, cardiac arrest, cardiac transplant, or valvular surgery. K-prototypes was used to cluster patients into phenogroups based on 12 clinical covariates.

Results
Among 5208 patients with mean age 64±12 years, 39% women, we identified 5 distinct multimorbid PH phenogroups with similar hemodynamic measures yet differing clinical outcomes: (1) “young men with obesity”, (2) “women with hypertension”, (3) “men with overweight”, (4) “men with cardiometabolic and cardiovascular disease”, and (5) “men with structural heart disease and atrial fibrillation.” Over a median follow-up of 6.3 years, we observed 2182 deaths and 2002 major cardiovascular events (MACE). In age- and sex-adjusted analyses, phenogroups 4 and 5 had higher risk of MACE (HR 1.68, 95% CI 1.41–2.00 and HR 1.52, 95% CI 1.24–1.87, respectively, compared to the lowest risk phenogroup 1). Phenogroup 4 had the highest risk of mortality (HR 1.26, 95% CI 1.04–1.52, relative to phenogroup 1).

Conclusions
Cluster-based analyses identify patients with PH and specific comorbid cardiometabolic and cardiovascular disease burden that are at highest risk for adverse clinical outcomes. Interestingly, cardiopulmonary hemodynamics were similar across phenogroups, highlighting the importance of multimorbidity on clinical trajectory. Further studies are needed to better understand comorbid heterogeneity among patients with PH.