bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On Defect Grading for the Relay Protection Devices Based on TF-IDF Assignment and Simple Classifiers
Authors: Tao Chang , Zheng Shaoming , Wang Shuhong , Dong Peng , Tian Mingwei , Liu Yimin , Xue Ancheng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Accurate grading of relay protection device (RPD) defects can improve the maintenance and reliability of RPD to ensure the safety of power grid. Based on the text record of defects of RPDs in a regional power grid and the defect text dictionary, this paper analyses the defect grading method with Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) assignment method and simple classifiers. The details are as follows: firstly, the construction of relay protection devices defect dictionary is introduced. Secondly, the vectorization text of relay protection devices defect is formed; combined with TF-IDF assignment method, and then, the relay protection devices defect grading models based on five simple classifiers are constructed respectively. Finally, the performance of the above defect grading methods is compared and analysed based on the k-fold crossover method. The grading models constructed in the paper can provide an auxiliary to relay protection device operation.
Research on Dust Removal Strategies of Photovoltaic Panels in Ultra-high Altitude Photovoltaic Demonstration Base
Authors: Xiong Changquan , Zhang Yuning , Chen Guoyong , Qiao Qin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Photovoltaic modules are susceptible to dust in the environment when generating electricity outdoors. If not cleaned in time, the conversion efficiency of the modules will decrease. Outdoor centralized power generation components are different from distributed power generation components. Centralized power generation often covers a large area and is located in a complex climate. Even within the same plant, the impact of dust on photovoltaic panels varies from region to region. In recent years, there have been more and more technologies for cleaning the surface of photovoltaic panels, such as manual cleaning, water cleaning, mechanical cleaning, and electrostatic cleaning. Depending on the geographical environment and climatic conditions, various methods have both advantages and disadvantages. This work firstly sorts out the characteristics and typical applications of different leading photovoltaic panel cleaning technologies, and then, the dust removal technology strategies for specific photovoltaic plants located in Sichuan Province of China is proposed according to the environmental attributes of low-latitude, ultra-high altitude, and cold regions.
Research on Quantum Computing Standard System Architecture and Roadmap
Authors: Yang Hong , Wang Jingjing , Sun Xu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Quantum computing is an important branch of quantum information technology. Quantum computing is far more powerful than traditional computing in solving some problems, and it has great potential for commercial and military applications. Firstly, this paper introduces the status quo of quantum computing research and the status of domestic and foreign standards, and then discusses the demands of quantum computing standards, and expounds on the necessity of a quantum computing standard system. Then give the quantum computing architecture standard system diagram. Finally, there is a roadmap for Quantum computing standardization is given, including the short, medium and long term. The architecture and the roadmap will be helpful to guide the standardization work as well as the application development.
Application Research on Intelligent Paving Construction Technology of Asphalt Pavement Based on 3D Mechanical Control
Authors: Wang Tong , Gao Haibo , Liu Xinchao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
As the major construction equipment of asphalt pavement, the performance of the paver plays a critical role in pavement construction quality, directly affecting the smoothness and compactness of the pavement, etc. Therefore, by analyzing the influence of the paver leveling method on the levelness, this project uses 3D mechanical control technology to optimize the automatic leveling method of pavers, which can improve the asphalt pavement construction process. It can also improve the quality and economic efficiency of asphalt pavement construction by increasing the automation, standardization, and wisdom of pavers.
Correlating topographical characteristics of relaxed layer to tribology in Cu-Gr-TiC composite system
Authors: Gautam Gaurav , Singh Kamalesh Kumar , Mohan Sunil 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The copper graphite composites are often being applied as bearing materials in various industries. In present investigation, the correlation between the topographical characteristics of relaxed layer to tribology in Cu-Gr-TiC composite system has been investigated. For this purpose, the flake powder metallurgy approach was used to fabricate Cu-Gr-TiC composites and the tribology of these composites was studied under lubricating (synthetic SAE 20W40 motor oil) condition. Variable loads of 10 N–70 N, sliding velocities of 0.75 m s−1–3 m s−1, and sliding distances of 2000 m–8000 m were the test parameters for sliding wear of composites under lubricating conditions. The worn surfaces were examined using SEM and EDS while topographical parameters were studied by AFM. The other properties like mechanical and physical properties were also studied for the sintered samples to better correlate the overall results of surface topography and tribology. The tests depict the successful fabrication of the composites. The composite having 4.5 wt% TiC particles exhibit maximum hardness and least wear and CoF under lubricating environment. The results of sliding wear test conducted under lubrications revealed that rise in the concentration of nano TiC particles in the matrix improves the composite’s tribological performance. The mechanism of wear for pure copper sample is abrasion whereas for TiC particle reinforced composite is smooth ploughing and delamination. The surface topographical parameters that are average surface roughness, area peak to valley height and skewness depicted less roughness values and better load bearing capacity for 4.5 wt% TiC reinforced Cu-Gr sample. The fabricated TiC reinforced copper graphite composites could be utilized as bearing materials in automotive industries.
HER2 Gene Protein Assay: A Robust Tool for Evaluating HER2 Status and Intratumoral Heterogeneity in Endometrial Cancers
Authors: Shafi Saba , Nitta Hiroaki , Shah Manan , Challa Bindu , Parwani Anil V , Li Zaibo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status in endometrial cancer is usually determined by immunohistochemistry and/or in situ hybridization. We employed a novel HER2 gene protein assay (GPA) to simultaneously assesses HER2 gene amplification and protein expression in high-grade endometrial cancers.

Methods
We performed GPA in 180 endometrial cancers, including 106 serous carcinomas, 34 carcinosarcomas, and 40 mixed epithelial carcinomas. HER2 status was determined using the 2018 HER2 guidelines for breast carcinoma, and HER2 intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) was examined. Clinicopathologic characteristics were collected and correlated with HER2 status.

Results
HER2 positivity was noted in 32% of serous carcinomas, significantly higher than in carcinosarcomas (5.9%) and mixed carcinomas (12.5%). HER2 ITH was detected in 32% of serous carcinomas, significantly greater than in carcinosarcomas (8.8%) and mixed carcinomas (10%). Patients with carcinosarcoma had a significantly lower overall survival than patients with serous or mixed epithelial carcinoma, but HER2 status caused no difference in survival in patients with serous carcinoma.

Conclusions
HER2 GPA can be used to accurately determine HER2 status in endometrial cancers and is a highly valuable tool for identifying HER2 heterogeneity.
Interobserver and Interantibody Reproducibility of HER2 Immunohistochemical Scoring in an Enriched HER2-Low–Expressing Breast Cancer Cohort
Authors: Karakas Cansu , Tyburski Haley , Turner Bradley M , Wang Xi , Schiffhauer Linda M , Katerji Hani , Hicks David G , Zhang Huina 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesWe assessed the interobserver and interantibody reproducibility of HER2 immunohistochemical scoring in an enriched HER2-low–expressing breast cancer cohort.MethodsA total of 114 breast cancer specimens were stained by HercepTest (Agilent Dako) and PATHWAY anti-HER2 (4B5) (Ventana) antibody assays and scored by 6 breast pathologists independently using current HER2 guidelines. Level of agreement was evaluated by Cohen κ analysis.ResultsAlthough the interobserver agreement rate for both antibodies achieved substantial agreement, the average rate of agreement for HercepTest was significantly higher than that for the 4B5 clone (74.3% vs 65.1%; P = .002). The overall interantibody agreement rate between the 2 antibodies was 57.8%. Complete interobserver concordance was achieved in 44.7% of cases by HercepTest and 45.6% of cases by 4B5. Absolute agreement rates increased from HER2 0-1+ cases (78.1% by HercepTest and 72.2% by 4B5; moderate agreement) to 2-3+ cases (91.9% by HercepTest and 86.3% by 4B5; almost perfect agreement).ConclusionsOur results demonstrated notable interobserver and interantibody variation on evaluating HER2 immunohistochemistry, especially in cases with scores of 0-1+, although the performance was much more improved among breast-specialized pathologists with the awareness of HER2-low concept. More accurate and reproducible methods are needed for selecting patients who may benefit from the newly approved HER2-targeting agent on HER2-low breast cancers.
‘Rising Number of Homeless is the Legacy of Tory Failure’: Discoursal Changes and Transitivity Patterns in the Representation of Homelessness in The Guardian and Daily Mail from 2000 to 2018
Authors: Gómez-Jiménez Eva M , Bartley Leanne Victoria 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Experts in different fields have claimed that the UK has experienced a process of growing economic inequality since the 1970s. Following Fairclough’s dialectal-relational approach, this paper presents a detailed, systematic analysis of the representation of homeless people and homelessness in The Guardian and Daily Mail from 2000 to 2018, in order to explore how these have been discursively represented over time. Therefore, our study addresses two specific research questions: How have homelessness and homeless people been represented in the UK press? Are there any discoursal changes in representation with the passing of time? The analysis, which has employed mostly qualitative but also quantitative (statistical) methods drawing on corpus-assisted discourse analysis, is informed by the theory of transitivity within Systemic Functional Linguistics. Results indicate that, within an overall negative representation of homeless people and homelessness in this period, there have been some significant discoursal changes over time. As such, this paper contributes to critical discourse studies and transitivity research on a relevant social problem, that of growing economic inequality in the UK.
Cairn Energy: when retroactive taxation not justified by prevention of tax avoidance is unfair and inequitable
Authors: Kuźniacki Błażej , van Weeghel Stef 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In late 2020, the Cairn Tribunal concluded one of the largest investor-state arbitration disputes to date. The core of the dispute was retroactive taxation of offshore indirect transfers of shares of companies with underlying assets situated in India (crude petroleum and natural gas fields). The Tribunal decided that India had violated the fair and equitable standard under the UK–India bilateral investment treaty by the retroactive taxation without a specific justification for doing so. Notably, India failed to persuade the Tribunal that the retroactive tax law aimed against abusive tax avoidance. In the article, the authors aim to partly respond to a call of Professor Thomas Wälde for a systematization of the red flags arising from the conduct of host states in taxation matters viewed against investment protection mechanisms. By analysing the Cairn Tribunal’s reasoning, the authors identify and examine two red flags: (i) retroactive taxation and (ii) prevention of tax avoidance. Their conclusion is that states should exercise caution with such red flags rather than rush to terminate international investment agreements or carve out tax measures from the fair and equitable standard in remaining and prospective international investment agreements.
Microtoxin for Improving Pore Size, Skin Laxity, Sebum Control, and Scars: A Roundtable on Integrating Intradermal Botulinum Toxin Type A Microdoses Into Clinical Practice
Authors: Fabi Sabrina Guillen , Park Je-Young , Goldie Kate , Wu Woffles 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
In aesthetic clinical practice, botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) is best known for its use as a neuromodulator for the treatment of dynamic facial lines; however, when injected intradermally as microdroplets, BoNT-A can improve skin quality and overall skin appearance.

Objectives
To discuss key aspects of microtoxin use in clinical practice and provide expert guidance on utilization.

Methods
As part of a continuing medical education lecture series and roundtable, the authors discussed key aspects of microtoxin patient selection, injection technique, and safety.

Results
The experiences of expert faculty are shared here. Clinical experience is consistent with reported data. Microtoxin can be used to reduce pore size, sebum production, rosacea, acne, and fine lines, and to improve jawline and neck definition. Intradermal injection can also be employed for the improvement of transverse neck lines as well as for the safe prevention and management of scars and keloids.

Conclusions
Expanding the use of BoNT-A, a predictable, minimally invasive, and affordable treatment to address commonly encountered complaints is appealing. The authors have found that making patients aware of microtoxin as a treatment option results in an increased interest in and utilization of BoNT-A, and high satisfaction among appropriately selected patients.
Soft calibration for selection bias problems under mixed-effects models
Authors: Gao Chenyin , Yang Shu , Kim Jae Kwang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Calibration weighting has been widely used to correct selection biases in nonprobability sampling, missing data and causal inference. The main idea is to calibrate the biased sample to the benchmark by adjusting the subject weights. However, hard calibration can produce enormous weights when an exact calibration is enforced on a large set of extraneous covariates. This article proposes a soft calibration scheme, where the outcome and the selection indicator follow mixed-effect models. The scheme imposes an exact calibration on the fixed effects and an approximate calibration on the random effects. On the one hand, our soft calibration has an intrinsic connection with best linear unbiased prediction, which results in a more efficient estimation compared to hard calibration. On the other hand, soft calibration weighting estimation can be envisioned as penalized propensity score weight estimation, with the penalty term motivated by the mixed-effect structure. The asymptotic distribution and a valid variance estimator are derived for soft calibration. We demonstrate the superiority of the proposed estimator over other competitors in simulation studies and using a real-world data application on the effect of BMI screening on childhood obesity.
Approaches to Forecasting Damage by Invasive Forest Insects and Pathogens: A Cross-Assessment
Authors: Raffa Kenneth F , Brockerhoff Eckehard G , Grégoire Jean-Claude , Hamelin Richard C , Liebhold Andrew M , Santini Alberto , Venette Robert C , Wingfield Michael J 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNonnative insects and pathogens pose major threats to forest ecosystems worldwide, greatly diminishing the ecosystem services trees provide. Given the high global diversity of arthropod and microbial species, their often unknown biological features or even identities, and their ease of accidental transport, there is an urgent need to better forecast the most likely species to cause damage. Several risk assessment approaches have been proposed or implemented to guide preventative measures. However, the underlying assumptions of each approach have rarely been explicitly identified or critically evaluated. We propose that evaluating the implicit assumptions, optimal usages, and advantages and limitations of each approach could help improve their combined utility. We consider four general categories: using prior pest status in native and previously invaded regions; evaluating statistical patterns of traits and gene sequences associated with a high impact; sentinel and other plantings to expose trees to insects and pathogens in native, nonnative, or experimental settings; and laboratory assays using detached plant parts or seedlings under controlled conditions. We evaluate how and under what conditions the assumptions of each approach are best met and propose methods for integrating multiple approaches to improve our forecasting ability and prevent losses from invasive pests.
SSH1 promotes progression of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma via p38 MAPK-CXCL8 axis
Authors: Chen Fanghua , Aye Ling , Yu Lei , Liu Longzi , Liu Yuming , Lin Youpei , Gao Dongmei , Gao Qiang , Zhang Shu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are involved in malignant transformation and metastasis. According to one of our previous studies, Slingshot homolog 1 (SSH1), a member of PTPs, is significantly associated with the survival of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) patients. However, the underlying mechanisms of SSH1 in iCCA remain largely elusive. Here, the expression and clinical significance of SSH1 were assessed using the iCCA patient samples. The results showed that SSH1 was dramatically up-regulated in iCCA tissues and elevated SSH1 expression was associated with worse overall survival of iCCA patients. Overexpression of SSH1 accelerated the proliferation, migration, and invasion of iCCA cells, and also inhibited cell apoptosis. Furthermore, the downstream signaling pathway of SSH1 in iCCA was explored and it was revealed that the increased expression of SSH1 could activate the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and enhance the expression of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8). Notably, the high correlation of SSH1 with CXCL8 jointly indicated the poor prognosis in iCCA patients. Thus, our study suggests SSH1 as a potentially promising target for iCCA, which promoted iCCA progression through a potential p38 MAPK-CXCL8 axis.
Extensive expertise in endocrinology: glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide–dependent Cushing's syndrome
Authors: Lacroix André 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThirty years ago, we identified that cortisol secretion in some patients with unilateral adenoma or primary bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (PBMAH) was stimulated by food intake; this was secondary to the abnormal adrenocortical responsiveness to physiological post-prandial increase in glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP). This resulted from the ectopic expression of non-mutated GIP receptor in the pathological adrenal tissues of those patients. Although ectopic GIP receptor (GIPR) was confirmed in a relatively limited number of cases to date, its elucidation leads to the identification of a wide diversity of aberrant G-protein-coupled receptors regulating steroidogenesis and cell proliferation in a high proportion of patients with PBMAH or cortisol-secreting adenomas. In addition, ectopic GIPR was identified in other endocrine tumors including somatotroph pituitary tumors with paradoxical growth hormone response to oral glucose, medullary thyroid carcinomas, and other neuroendocrine tumors. The first molecular pathogenic mechanism responsible for ectopic GIPR expression was elucidated in unilateral GIP–dependent adenomas in which somatic duplication and rearrangements in chromosome region 19q13.32 containing the GIPR locus lead to increased expression of GIPR which was enhanced by the activity of a glucocorticoid response element. Recently, germline lysine demythylase 1A (KDMIA) mutations combined with somatic chromosome 1p deletions were found to be specifically responsible for ectopic GIPR in sporadic or familial GIP–dependent PBMAH and can be associated with adrenal myelolipoma, monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS), or multiple myeloma. Screening for ectopic GIPR should be conducted in all patients with PBMAH; genetic studies to identify KDM1A mutations should be offered to such patients in order to detect affected members and provide early detection of PBMAH and other potential associated neoplasias. The elucidation of GIP–dependent Cushing's syndrome (CS) illustrates that careful bedside phenotyping of rare conditions can lead to identification of genetically determined diseases requiring personalized approaches to investigation and therapy.
Peer effects on academic self-concept: a large randomized field experiment
Authors: Keller Tamás , Kim Jinho , Elwert Felix 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSocial theories posit that peers affect students’ academic self-concept (ASC). Most prominently, Big-Fish-Little-Pond, invidious comparison, and relative deprivation theories predict that exposure to academically stronger peers decreases students’ ASC, and exposure to academically weaker peers increases students’ ASC. These propositions have not yet been tested experimentally. We executed a large and pre-registered field experiment that randomized students to deskmates within 195 classrooms of 41 schools (N = 3,022). Our primary experimental analysis found no evidence of an effect of peer achievement on ASC in either direction. Exploratory analyses hinted at a subject-specific deskmate effect on ASC in verbal skills, and that sitting next to a lower-achieving boy increased girls’ ASC (but not that sitting next to a higher-achieving boy decreased girls’ ASC). Critically, however, none of these group-specific results held up to even modest corrections for multiple hypothesis testing. Contrary to theory, our randomized field experiment thus provides no evidence for an effect of peer achievement on students’ ASC.