bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extracellular vesicle-microRNAs mediated response of bovine ovaries to environmental heat stress
Authors: Gad Ahmed , Joyce Kamryn , Menjivar Nico Graham , Heredia Daniella , Rojas Camila Santos , Tesfaye Dawit , Gonella-Diaza Angela 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Elevated ambient temperature during the summer season is a main cause of stress in dairy and beef cows, leading to impaired reproductive function and fertility. Follicular fluid extracellular vesicles (FF-EVs) play an important role in intrafollicular cellular communication by in part mediating the deleterious effects of heat stress (HS). Here we aimed to investigate the changes in FF-EV miRNA cargoes in beef cows in response to HS during the summer (SUM) compared to the winter (WIN) season using high throughput sequencing of FF-EV-coupled miRNAs. In addition to their biological relevance, the potential mechanisms involved in the packaging and release of those miRNAs as a response to environmental HS were elucidated.
Results
Sequencing analysis revealed that an average of 6.6% of the EV-RNA mapped reads were annotated to bovine miRNAs. Interestingly, miR-148a, miR-99a-5p, miR-10b, and miR-143 were the top four miRNAs in both groups accounting for approximately 52 and 62% of the total miRNA sequence reads in the SUM and WIN groups, respectively. A group of 16 miRNAs was up-regulated and 8 miRNAs were down-regulated in the SUM compared to the WIN group. Five DE-miRNAs (miR-10a, miR-10b, miR-26a, let-7f, and miR-1246) were among the top 20 expressed miRNA lists. Sequence motif analysis revealed the appearance of two specific motifs in 13 out of the 16 upregulated miRNAs under HS conditions. Both motifs were found to be potentially bonded by specific RNA binding proteins including Y-box binding proteins (YBX1 and YBX2) and RBM42.
Conclusion
Our findings indicate that FF EV-coupled miRNA profile varies under seasonal temperature changes. These miRNAs could be a good indicator of the cellular mechanism in mediating HS response and the potential interplay between miRNA motifs and RNA binding proteins can be one of the mechanisms governing the packaging and release of miRNAs via EVs to facilitate cellular survival.
Scientifically speaking we know a lot, or do we? a model of knowledge using the electromagnetic spectrum
Authors: Espinoza Fernando 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A quantitative model of human knowledge of the physical world based on the use of various parts of the electromagnetic spectrum is proposed. The model is epistemologically effective in demonstrating limits to what scientific knowledge can provide us about the physical world, thus enhancing for students the potentially exploratory opportunities available in scientific research, based on how little we really know. Additionally, the model provides a pedagogically useful way to engage students in considerations of the role of measurement, scale, and estimation; these features are urgently needed by many students according to international assessments and are particularly important for non-science majors.
Normalized economical speed is influenced by aging and not by exercise habituation
Authors: Horiuchi Masahiro , Saito Akira , Motoyama Kiyotaka , Tashiro Takehiro , Abe Daijiro 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective: A U-shaped relationship between energy cost of walking (Cw; J·kg-1·m-1) and walking speed indicates that there is a specific speed minimizing the Cw, called economical speed (ES). It is mostly slower in older adults than young adults; however, effects of leg length on the ES have been ignored. We investigated the effects of aging and exercise habituation on the normalized ES by the leg length (nor-ES). Moreover, the diversity in the stride length (SL) and step frequency (SF) against sinusoidal speed change (SSC) at 30-s and 180-s periods with ±0.56 m･s-1 among sedentary young (SY), active young (AY), and active elderly (AE) adults was also quantified.
Results: The ES was significantly faster in the following sequence: AY, SY, and AE, whereas nor-ES was faster in the AY and SY than in the AE (no difference was found between AY and SY). Delayed SL and preceding SF were observed at the 180-s SSC in the young adults only. Collectively, greater delay and/or precedence of SL-SF combinations against SSC may reflect locomotive flexibility for passive speed change during walking. The nor-ES was slowed by aging; however, it was not influenced by exercise habituation, at least, in young populations.
WITHDRAWN: Dark Current in Pinned Photodiode CMOS Image Sensors: A Pre-Fabrication Physics-based Model
Authors: Suharwerdi Mohsin , Qazi Gausia 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The present technique to find a dark current source in an image sensor, i.e., Dark Current Spectroscopy, is not sufficient to conclusively differentiate between the contribution of interface and bulk defect generation in a pixel. Also, the dark current data is available only post-fabrication. In this work, the Dark current vs Transfer Gate-off voltage curve is used to extract the defect density-cross-section product, activation energy and maximum carrier lifetime for two important device generation sites, i.e., interface under the Transfer Gate and Pinned Photodiode depletion region. A comprehensive analytical dark current model is formulated and validated using TCAD simulation and experimental data reported in the literature. The temperature variation is incorporated using the Arrhenius relation corresponding to the specific activation energy level. The proposed model along with the Arrhenius relation provides a sufficient pre-fabrication dark current estimate.
Stability of plane Poiseuille and Couette flows of Navier-Stokes-Voigt fluid
Authors: Shankar B. M. , Shivakumara I. S. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The temporal stability of plane Poiseuille and Couette flows for a Navier-Stokes-Voigt type of viscoelastic fluid is investigated. The primary unidirectional flow is between two infinite rigid parallel plates, which are either fixed or in relative motion. The stability/instability of the basic flow is examined by carrying out a numerical solution of the stability eigenvalue problem. The stability characteristics are found to be different from that of Newtonian fluid despite the base flow remains the same. In the case of plane Poiseuille flow, two values of the Reynolds number are found to be needed to specify the linear instability criteria owing to the existence of closed neutral stability curves and also the instability emerges only in a certain range of Kelvin-Voigt parameter . To the contrary, instability occurs for all non-zero values of in the case of plane Couette flow and the sufficiency of a single critical value of the Reynolds number is ensued to discuss the stability/instability of fluid flow as the neutral stability curves are parabolic. The sensitivity of the Kelvin-Voigt parameter is clearly discerned on the stability of both types of flows. The variations of streamlines at the dominant mode of instability are analyzed to understand the instability mechanism and to provide information regarding the secondary flow pattern.
Dyslipidemia trends in young adults in Xinjiang, China
Authors: Zhi Xiao-Yu , Zheng Ying-Ying , Wang Zhi-Long , Sun Chang-Hao , Yin Xin , Liu Yi-Tian , Wu Ting-Ting , Xie Xiang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Aim
To clarify the prevalence of dyslipidemia and trends in changes in lipid profile in young college students.
Methods
This was a retrospective, longitudinal study. A sample of 937 students from Xinjiang Medical University was included. All baseline data and blood lipid tests obtained from 2018 and 2021 physical exams were evaluated. The trends are computed using linear regression.
Results
Compared with 2018, the incidence of dyslipidemia increased significantly in 2021, and the mean values of body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) increased, while the mean values of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) decreased significantly. In the sub-analysis of sex, ethnicity, and BMI groups, we found that the values of the cardiovascular risk components were higher in males than in females, and that the increase in the prevalence of dyslipidemia over three years was more specific in males than in females. Differences in blood lipid composition across ethnic groups were more pronounced in 2021, with significant increases in the prevalence of low LDL-C and dyslipidemia within the Han, Uygur and Kazak ethnic groups, as well as among lean, normal, overweight and obese groups based on BMI nutritional status. The rate of dyslipidemia increases with BMI. The incidence of high TG, high LDL-C and low HDL-C was significantly higher in the obese group than in the other groups. The results of linear regression revealed that, in total students (R2 = 0.315), Sex (β=-1.125, P < 0.001), SBP (β = 0.034, P = 0.002), DBP (β = 0.058, P < 0.001), TG (β = 1.047, P < 0.001), HDL (β=-2.474, P < 0.001) were the independent risk factors of BMI.
Conclusions
This study demonstrates an increasing trend of dyslipidemia in young adults, which enriches the limited data on early changes in lipid profiles and gives insight into the distress of dyslipidemia in young adults.
‘Hearing nothing from those caring for my patient is depressing’: Family members’ perception of their needs in intensive care unit at Kamuzu Central Hospital, Malawi
Authors: Kalolo Angellina Mankhamba , Mula Chimwemwe , Gundo Rodwell 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Family members are the first people that recognize satisfactory care provided to their patients regardless of the outcome. However, little is known about the perceptions of family members regarding their needs when a relative is admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). We explored family members’ perceptions of their needs in the ICU at Kamuzu Central Hospital in Lilongwe, Malawi.
Study Designs and Methods
The study used a qualitative descriptive design. We purposively selected 12 participants from immediate family members of patients hospitalized for 48 hours or more in ICU and adult HDU at Kamuzu Central Hospital. Data were collected through in-depth interviews. Data analysis followed the steps of conventional content analysis.
Findings
The following four themes were identified: perceived information, physical, and psychosocial needs, and coping mechanisms of the family members. The findings indicated that family members need to access information about their patient’s progress to lessen their anxiety as a priority compared to other needs such as comfort, and foodstuffs among others.
Conclusion
This study suggests that there should be a collaborative relationship between the ICU team and family members in order to meet their needs. Health professionals should be aware of how strong family members need information about their patients. The findings affirm the need to offer the basic guidelines or standards developed by both health professionals and family members on their needs and support when they have a patient in ICU.
Research of the technology for hydrate prevention in gas transportation system
Authors: Gurbanov Abdulaga , Sardarova Ijabika , Damirova Javida 
Published: January 2023

The principal aim of natural and associated gas preparation to transportation is provision of normal transportation inside field niacin gas pipelines. Developed gas and gas condensate field, production of which consists of great amount of different aggressive admixtures and mineral salts, require efficient of natural gas for further transportation.
The results of aforesaid system phase state test investigation are given in the article. Its presently at water phase and salt composition.
A Principals physical and chemical factors of inhibitor composition under different proportion of components were determined under laboratory conditions. New inhibitor composition, was selected on the base of experimental investigation results there also was developed the technology of inhibitor application for gas field treatment.
Since the efficiency of gas storage and transportation processes depends on the compliance of these processes with the requirements of the related equipment and relevant technologies, the operating modes of gas lift lines and compressor stations should be regularly examined. There is no doubt that the efficiency of storage and transportation of natural and associated gas is ensured at a distributed level, provided that the technological equipment is reliable, durable and operates in accordance with the requirements. One of the most important issues is to improve the used technology to prevent hydrate formation in the process of production, storage and transportation of gas condensate in complex conditions. On the basis of scientific a research and field surveys there were developed new scientific a technical measure to increase the efficiency of the installation for preparation of gas
Red rust disease occurring in some fruits species in Cameroon
Authors: Ngoh Dooh Jules Patrice , Kone Nsangou Abdoul Nourou , Mboussi Serge Bertrand , Heu Alain , Amawissa Zaina Todou , Tchoupou Tsouala Dany Brice , Sinama Paulin , Sesseumaga Eloa , Ambang Zachee 
Published: January 2023

The knowledge of the red rust disease remains limited in Cameroon, with a view to developing a control method. This work consisted in studying red rust on some fruit species such as Annona muricata (soursop), Dacryodes edulis (safou), Psidium guajava (guava) and Theobroma cacao (cocoa).
Diseased leaves were collected in the field in the Maham site, in west region of Cameroon.The symptomatology of disease (colour, number and diameter of lesions) was studied. Coefficient of variation ( %) was calculated. The incidence and severity of the disease was assessed in the different orchards surveyed. The measurement of the different structures of the thallus (length, width of sporangia and sporangiophores) was carried out using a microscope with a micrometer.
The disease is characterized by circular orange to orange-brown spots on the upper surfaces and rarely on the lower surface. Number of lesions, varied from 245–510 respectively with D. edulis and T cacao. Lesion diameters varied from 0.1−1 cm, 0.1−7 cm, 0.1−1.5 cm in safou (African pear), guava and soursop respectively. The length and width of sporangiophores varied from 280.5−714×10.2−25.5 µm for A. muricata, 408−612×15.3−25.5 µm for Dacryodes edulis, 433.3−663×15.3−20.4 µm for P. guajava and 484.5−612×20.4−35.7 µm for T. cacao. The number of sporangiophores varied from 1 to 11 at the maximum threshold. But, number of sporangia was the same in the four species, 1−9. The pathogenicity test was negative.
The data measurements show that the specie observed is Cephaleurus virescens which is a parasitic alga.
The data obtained are a basis for the development of an integrated control strategy against this emerging disease
The Students’ Writing Ability in Descriptive Text of the Senior High School Students in Berau
Authors: Sa’adah Annisa Raudatus 
Published: January 2023

English in Indonesia is a foreign language that should be learned and mastered by students. Education is a process of fundamental skills intellectual and emotional. The aim of education is to improve the quality of students in Indonesia, especially in writing. There are so many ways conducted by educational institution in improving students English quality in Indonesia. One of the institutions is SMA Negeri 1 Berau. Based on research conducted the researcher found that in SMAN Negeri 1 Berau has a language major program. The objective of this research is to know the students’ writing ability in descriptive text and their problems in writing of tenth grade language major students. This research used descriptive quantitative. The instruments are writing assessment and interview. The technique of collecting data, the researcher asked students to write a descriptive text with a place as a topic to measure the students writing ability and asked the students several questions to know their problem in writing. The data analysis technique was scoring based on writing rubric. The assessing of writing focused on five components, they are content, organization, vocabulary, language use, and mechanic. The assessing of writing had been given to some of the students of tenth grade language major students in SMA Negeri 1 Berau that consist of 8 students. Based on the data finding, it showed that writing ability of tenth grade language major students in SMA Negeri 1 Berau was 3,75 that categorized into mediocre level. The average category of content was mediocre, the average category of the organization was mediocre, the average category of vocabulary was good, the average category of the language used was mediocre, and the average category of the mechanic was mediocre. From the interview, the students have difficulties in finding references in writing, word choices, arranged words to be a good sentence, arranged sentences to be a good paragraph, and developing the idea. Most of them admit difficlties with the language use. Some of them said they have no probems with vocabulary and mechanic such as capitalization, punctuation, and spelling.
Efficacy of omeprazole and domperidone fixed combination in the treatment of patients with functional dyspepsia: results from TANDEM study
Authors: Lyalyukova E. A. , Pavlova N. V. 
Published: January 2023

Introduction. Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a multifactorial disease, and the combination of drugs with different mechanisms of action makes it possible to optimally influence various parts of the pathogenesis.Aim. Prospective observational study TANDEM evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of omeprazole and domperidone fixed combination therapy in the treatment of functional dyspepsia in patients with chronicHelicobacter pylorinegative gastritis after 4 weeks course of treatment.Materials and methods. In accordance with the purpose of the study, a study cohort was formed of 50 patients with symptoms of functional dyspepsia (30 men, 20 women). The mean age was 29.06 (25.88–32.25). Efficacy and tolerability were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale and the Likert scale.Results. The study was completed by 47 patients. After 4 weeks of treatment, positive dynamics in the form of complete relief of symptoms was noted in all 47 patients; no clinically significant changes in the QT interval were detected.Conclusion. Evaluation of the efficacy of fixed combination omeprazole and domperidone in the treatment of functional dyspepsia in patients with chronicHp-negative gastritis demonstrated 100% efficacy of the drug in relieving symptoms 4 weeks after the start of therapy. After 72 hours from the start of the treatment, the effect in the form of complete relief of symptoms was registered in 87.25% of patients. On the 14th day the symptoms were completely relieved in 95.74% of patients. Assessment of tolerability demonstrated a good safety profile of the drug, in particular, the absence of clinically significant changes in the QTс interval.
Features of the formation of menopausal metabolic syndrome in arterial hypertension
Authors: Ruyatkina L. A. , Ruyatkin D. S. , Shcherbakova L. V. 
Published: January 2023

Introduction. The concept of staging of cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) in the clustering of metabolic syndrome (MS) components is closely related to insulin resistance (IR), which depends on the status of sex hormones and age. It is assumed that the formation of menopausal MS starts in perimenopause due to changes in the functional state of the pituitary-ovarian axis. However, mechanisms explaining sex differences in IR, especially during the menopausal transition, have not been established.Aim. To evaluate the relationship of MS markers in a cohort of women aged 35–59 years without carbohydrate metabolism disorders with different functional state of the ovaries, depending on the presence of arterial hypertension (AH) and the influence of age-associated factors.Materials and methods. In 88 normoglycemic women aged 35–59 years with different functional state of the pituitary-ovarian axis and divided into 2 groups depending on the presence of hypertension, the following were determined: BMI, waist circumference (WC), levels of blood pressure (BP), triglycerides (TG), HDL cholesterol, FSH and estradiol, fasting glucose (FG), TyG index. SPSS (version 13) assessed ME (25–75%); intergroup differences according to the Mann-Whitney test; Correlation analysis according to Spearman and partial correlation were performed to level the effect of age.Results. The largest range of significant associations, independent of age and in tandem with it, was found only in the group of patients with hypertension: in OT and FG, which increase at FSH levels > 25 mU/l; lipid parameters among themselves and with FG; TyG with FSH and estradiol levels, and TyG with all parameters focusing on OT and HDL cholesterol.Conclusions. In the process of the formation of menopausal MS in AH, significant relationships of traditional CMD markers with the TyG index, which reflects the presence of IR through the relationship of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, are partially influenced by FSH and estradiol levels in tandem with age-associated indicators: the duration of AH and postmenopause.
Management of patients with musculoskeletal back pain and comorbid anxiety
Authors: Golovacheva V. A. , Tabeeva G. R. , Fateeva T. G. 
Published: January 2023

Musculoskeletal back pain (MSBP) is one of the most common reasons for seeking medical care. A socioeconomic burden of MSBP is significant, as it leads to reduced working capacity of the adult population. It is important to consider that the MSBP chronicity develops under the impact of “yellow flags”, i. e. factors that contribute to the central pain sensitization (pathophysiologically) and pain chronicification (clinically). The most common factor of pain chronicity is anxiety that underlies the development of pain catastrophization, maladaptive escape (“pain”) behaviour, and anxiety disorders. Anxiety symptoms can be expressed not only in the emotional, but also in the somatic, cognitive and behavioural sphere. Timely detection and management of anxiety in patients with chronic MSBP improves the effectiveness of pain syndrome treatment. The chronic MSBP treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach, which comprises kinesiotherapy, cognitive behavioural therapy, and optimal pharmacotherapy. Evidence-based drugs include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as dexketoprofen, which can be prescribed for the treatment of chronic MSBP with a short course and at an average therapeutic dose. The efficacy and safety of dexketoprofen in the treatment of pain syndromes, data from clinical studies and a systematic review are discussed. The authors present their own experience in managing a patient with chronic nonspecific MSBP and anxiety. The “yellow flags” that led to the MSBP chronicity in the patient are provided. The effective multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of a patient with chronic MSBP and anxiety disorder is demonstrated.