bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation of high‐strength, high‐modulus PVA fiber by synthesis of syndiotacticity‐rich high molecular weight PVA polymers with VAc and VBz via emulsifier‐free emulsion polymerization
Authors: Wang Huajun , He Junwei , Zou Liming , Wang Chao , Li Yan Vivian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDifferent vinyl acetate (VAc) and vinyl benzoate (VBz) monomer ratios have been chosen as monomers to create high polymerization degree (Pn) and high syndiotacticity‐diad content (S‐diad) poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) polymers via emulsifier‐free polymerization in order to address the problem of limited mechanical capabilities of PVA fibers prepared with low Pn and low S‐diad polymer. The variations in hydrogen bonding, Pn, S‐diad, and viscosity of different PVA polymers were investigated and evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, gel permeation chromatography, and a viscosity tester. Moreover, various PVA fibers with high strength and modulus have been manufactured using a synthetic polymer as the raw material for dry‐wet spinning. The effect of Pn and S‐diad on the mechanical and thermal characteristics of PVA fibers is evaluated using a variety of characterization techniques, such as the scanning electron microscope, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analyzer, X‐ray diffraction, and tensile tester. As the ratio of VBz monomer increased, the results suggested that VBz may have a considerable impact on the Pn and S‐diad of PVA polymers, the OH vibration absorption peak reduced from 3491 to 3442 cm−1; the Pn increased from 2112 to 17,704; and the S‐diad rose from 51.2% to 60.1%. In addition to the fact that Pn and S‐diad significantly increased the fibers' strength and modulus, the crystallinity increased from 41.8% to 51.7%, and the orientation degree rose from 87.5% to 91.7%, as Pn and S‐diad increased; the tensile strength and highest elastic modulus increased from 9.71 ± 0.3 cN/dtex to 12.74 ± 0.5 cN/dtex (increased of 31.2%) and 264.52 ± 9.3 cN/dtex to 338.41 ± 8.6 cN/dtex (increased of 27.9%); the elongation at break decreased from 5.63 ± 0.3% to 2.92 ± 0.2%.
Intrusive parenting in early childhood: A review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Jiang Zixin , Liang Xi , Wang Zhengyan , Lin Yige , Zhang Linlin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis systematic review and meta‐analysis examines similarities and differences in intrusive parenting between mothers and fathers and relations between intrusive parenting and early childhood development. The authors integrated 55 studies and differentiated cognitive skills and socio‐emotional problems as developmental outcomes. The present study employs three‐level meta‐analyses to reliably estimate effect sizes and examine a range of moderators. It finds a moderate effect size of similarities in intrusive parenting within a family (r = 0.256, confidence interval [CI] = [0.180, 0.329]). No significant differences were observed in intrusiveness level between mothers and fathers (g = 0.035, CI = [−0.034, 0.103]). Intrusive parenting had a significant positive association with children's socio‐emotional problems (rmother = 0.098, CImother = [0.051, 0.145]; rfather = 0.094, CI father = [0.032, 0.154]) but was not related to cognitive skills. Moderator analyses suggest that East Asian mothers exhibit higher intrusiveness levels than fathers, whereas Western parents display no significant differences. Overall, these results reveal more similarities than differences in intrusive parenting and that culture likely plays a role in shaping gender‐specific parenting behaviors.
Reliability analysis of heat source layout temperature field prediction considering uncertainty in deep neural network surrogate models
Authors: Xia Yufeng , Yao Wen , Zheng Xiaohu , Gong Zhiqiang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn engineering systems such as energy systems and electronic devices, thermal reliability analysis of the heat source component area is critical to ensure the proper functioning of these components. Previous methods, due to the high data dimensionality of the temperature field of the whole heat source area, face high computational cost when analyzing the reliability. To solve the problem of high computational cost, reliability analysis methods based on deep neural network surrogate models are receiving more and more attention. However, the uncertainty of deep neural networks is rarely considered in reliability problems, leading to unreasonable or imperfect reliability analysis. Therefore, we propose a reliability analysis method for heat source layout temperature field prediction, considering the uncertainty of deep neural network surrogate models. The method uses the information on the standard deviation of temperature field prediction provided by the model uncertainty to obtain the interval prediction of the temperature field. Then, the temperature field reliability interval of the layout area can be obtained by combining the temperature field interval prediction and Monte Carlo sampling. Further, we propose a strategy for selecting the heat source layout scheme based on the reliability interval in the late engineering design stage. Finally, the method's validity is verified using some examples, which provides an important reference basis for engineers.
Effects of COVID‐19 vaccination during pregnancy on SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and maternal and neonatal outcomes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Rahmati Masoud , Yon Dong Keon , Lee Seung Won , Butler Laurie , Koyanagi Ai , Jacob Louis , Shin Jae Il , Smith Lee 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSARS‐CoV‐2 infection during pregnancy is associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, but no systematic synthesis of evidence on COVID‐19 vaccination during pregnancy against these outcomes has been undertaken. Thus, we aimed to assess the collective evidence on the effects of COVID‐19 vaccination during pregnancy on maternal and neonatal outcomes. PubMed/MEDLINE, CENTRAL, and EMBASE were systematically searched for articles published up to 1 November 2022. A systematic review and meta‐analysis were performed to calculate pooled effects size and 95% confidence interval (CI). We evaluated 30 studies involving 862,272 individuals (308,428 vaccinated and 553,844 unvaccinated). Overall pooled analyses in pregnant women during pregnancy showed reduced risks of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection by 60% (41%–73%), COVID‐19 hospitalisation during pregnancy by 53% (31%–69%), and COVID‐19 intensive care unit (ICU) admission by 82% (12%–99%). Neonates of vaccinated women were 1.78 folds more likely to acquire SARS‐CoV‐2 infection during the first 2, 4 and 6 months of life during the Omicron period. The risk of stillbirth was reduced by 45% (17%–63%) in association with vaccination (vs. no vaccination) in pregnancy. A decrease of 15% (3%–25%), 33% (14%–48%), and 33% (17%–46%) in the odds of preterm births before 37, 32 and 28 weeks' gestation were associated with vaccination (vs. no vaccination) in pregnancy, respectively. The risk of neonatal ICU admission was significantly lower by 20% following COVID‐19 vaccination in pregnancy (16%–24%). There was no evidence of a higher risk of adverse outcomes including miscarriage, gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, cardiac problems, oligohydramnios, polyhydramnios, unassisted vaginal delivery, cesarean delivery, postpartum haemorrhage, gestational age at delivery, placental abruption, Apgar score at 5 min below 7, low birthweight (<2500 g), very low birthweight (<1500 g), small for gestational age, and neonatal foetal abnormalities. COVID‐19 vaccination during pregnancy is safe and highly effective in preventing maternal SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in pregnancy, without increasing the risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, and is associated with a reduction in stillbirth, preterm births, and neonatal ICU admission. Importantly, maternal vaccination did not reduce the risk of neonatal SARS‐CoV‐2 infection during the first 6 months of life during the Omicron period.
Atypical Granular Cell Tumour in a Child: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Kitahara Yuma , Hook Catherine Elizabeth , Miyagi Kana , Burrows Nigel P. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We report an atypical granular cell tumour (GCT) presenting in a 6-year-old boy. GCTs are of neural origin and most cases arise in patients between the ages of 40 and 60. There are few reported cases in children, in whom malignant presentations are exceptionally rare. This patient presented with a 1 year history of a slowly enlarging nodule on the right anterior abdomen. Examination revealed a firm, nodular dermal skin lesion, which was fully excised. Histology revealed an atypical GCT.
Structural, Optical, Magnetic and Photocatalytic Properties of Zn Doped CoFe2O4Decorated Bentonite Nanocomposites
Authors: Keles Guner Eda 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe bentonite‐Zn doped CoFe2O4photocatalysts were successfully synthesized for the first time by decorating magnetic ZnxCo1−xFe2O4nanoparticles onto the bentonite surface in order to enhance the photocatalytic performance of Zn doped CoFe2O4nanoparticles. We tried to thoroughly investigate how changes in Zn2+concentration affected the particle size, shape, magnetic properties, optical band gap, and photocatalytic activities of B‐ZnxCo1−xFe2O4nanocomposites. The photodegradation of crystal violet (CV), a model reaction under visible light irradiations, was used to assess the photocatalytic activities of the samples. Compared to other samples, the B‐ZnxCo1−xFe2O4(x=0.5) showed the highest photocatalytic activity, which is best matched to the pseudo‐first‐order kinetic. According to investigations using reactive species capture, the superoxide radicals have the main role in the degrading process, while the hydroxyl radicals and holes have a secondary and minimal effect, respectively.
Cell‐Like Capsules with “Smart” Compartments
Authors: Ahn So Hyun , Borden Leah K. , Bentley William E. , Raghavan Srinivasa R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEukaryotic cells have inner compartments (organelles), each with distinct properties and functions. One mimic of this architecture, based on biopolymers, is the multicompartment capsule (MCC). Here, MCCs in which the inner compartments are chemically unique and “smart,” i.e., responsive to distinct stimuli in an orthogonal manner are created. Specifically, one compartment alone is induced to degrade when the MCC is contacted with an enzyme while other compartments remain unaffected. Similarly, just one compartment gets degraded upon contact with reactive oxygen species generated from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). And thirdly, one compartment alone is degraded by an external, physical stimulus, namely, by irradiating the MCC with ultraviolet (UV) light. All these specific responses are achieved without resorting to complicated chemistry to create the compartments: the multivalent cation used to crosslink the biopolymer alginate (Alg) is simply altered. Compartments of Alg crosslinked by Ca2+ are shown to be sensitive to enzymes (alginate lyases) but not to H2O2 or UV, whereas the reverse is the case with Alg/Fe3+ compartments. These results imply the ability to selectively burst open a compartment in an MCC “on‐demand” (i.e., as and when needed) and using biologically relevant stimuli. The results are then extended to a sequential degradation, where compartments in an MCC are degraded one after another, leaving behind an empty MCC lumen. Collectively, this work advances the MCC as a platform that not only emulates key features of cellular architecture, but can also begin to capture rudimentary cell‐like behaviors.
Over 2 A cm−2 CO2‐to‐Ethanol Conversion by Alkali‐Metal Cation Induced Copper With Dominant (200) Facets
Authors: Peng Chen , Yang Songtao , Luo Gan , Yan Shuai , Shakouri Mohsen , Zhang Junbo , Chen Yangshen , Wang Zhiqiang , Wei Wei , Sham Tsun‐Kong , Zheng Gengfeng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe high‐rate ethanol electrosynthesis from CO2 is challenging due to the low selectivity and poor activity, which requires the competition with other reduction products and H2. Here, the electrochemical reconstruction of Cs3Cu2Cl5 perovskite to form surface Cl‐bonded, low‐coordinated Cs modified Cu(200) nanocubes (CuClCs), is demonstrated. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the CuClCs structure possesses low Bader charges and a large coordination capacity; and thus, can promote the CO2‐to‐ethanol pathway via stabilizing C−O bond in oxygenate intermediates. The CuClCs catalyst exhibits outstanding partial current densities for producing ethanol (up to 2124 ± 54 mA cm−2) as one of the highest reported values in the electrochemical CO2 or CO reduction. This work suggests an attractive strategy with surface alkali‐metal cations for ampere‐level CO2‐to‐ethanol electrosynthesis.
Super‐Photothermal Effect‐Mediated Fast Reaction Kinetic in S‐Scheme Organic/Inorganic Heterojunction Hollow Spheres Toward Optimized Photocatalytic Performance
Authors: Xiao Yawei , Yao Bo , Cao Minhua , Wang Yude 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUsing full solar spectrum for energy conversion and environmental remediation is a major challenge, and solar‐driven photothermal chemistry is a promising route to achieve this goal. Herein, this work reports a photothermal nano‐constrained reactor based on hollow structured g‐C3N4@ZnIn2S4 core–shell S‐scheme heterojunction, where the synergistic effect of super‐photothermal effect and S‐scheme heterostructure significantly improve the photocatalytic performance of g‐C3N4. The formation mechanism of g‐C3N4@ZnIn2S4 is predicted in advance by theoretical calculations and advanced techniques, and the super‐photothermal effect of g‐C3N4@ZnIn2S4 and its contribution to the near‐field chemical reaction is confirmed by numerical simulations and infrared thermography. Consequently, the photocatalytic degradation rate of g‐C3N4@ZnIn2S4 for tetracycline hydrochloride is 99.3%, and the photocatalytic hydrogen production is up to 4075.65 µmol h−1 g−1, which are 6.94 and 30.87 times those of pure g‐C3N4, respectively. The combination of S‐scheme heterojunction and thermal synergism provides a promising insight for the design of an efficient photocatalytic reaction platform.
Advanced Catalyst for CO2 Photo‐Reduction: From Controllable Product Selectivity by Architecture Engineering to Improving Charge Transfer Using Stabilized Au Clusters
Authors: Ziarati Abolfazl , Zhao Jiangtao , Afshani Jafar , Kazan Rania , Perez Mellor Ariel , Rosspeintner Arnulf , McKeown Siobhan , Bürgi Thomas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDespite enormous progress and improvement in photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR), the development of photocatalysts that suppress H2 evolution reaction (HER), during CO2RR, remains still a challenge. Here, new insight is presented for controllable CO2RR selectivity by tuning the architecture of the photocatalyst. Au/carbon nitride with planar structure (p Au/CN) showed high activity for HER with 87% selectivity. In contrast, the same composition with a yolk@shell structure (Y@S Au@CN) exhibited high selectivity of carbon products by suppressing the HER to 26% under visible light irradiation. Further improvement for CO2RR activity was achieved by a surface decoration of the yolk@shell structure with Au25(PET)18 clusters as favorable electron acceptors, resulting in longer charge separation in Au@CN/Auc Y@S structure. Finally, by covering the structure with graphene layers, the designed catalyst maintained high photostability during light illumination and showed high photocatalytic efficiency. The optimized Au@CN/Auc/G Y@S structure displays high photocatalytic CO2RR selectivity of 88%, where the CO and CH4 generations during 8 h are 494 and 198 µmol/gcat., respectively. This approach combining architecture engineering and composition modification provides a new strategy with improved activity and controllable selectivity toward targeting applications in energy conversion catalysis.
Identifying, Resolving, and Quantifying Anisotropy in ReS2 Nanomechanical Resonators
Authors: Xu Bo , Zhu Jiankai , Xiao Fei , Jiao Chenyin , Liang Yachun , Wen Ting , Wu Song , Zhang Zejuan , Lin Lin , Pei Shenghai , Jia Hao , Chen Ying , Ren Ziming , Wei Xueyong , Huang Wen , Xia Juan , Wang Zenghui 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAs an emerging two‐dimensional semiconductor, rhenium disulfide (ReS2) is renowned for its strong in‐plane anisotropy in electrical, optical, and thermal properties. In contrast to the electrical, optical, optoelectrical, and thermal anisotropies that are extensively studied in ReS2, experimental characterization of mechanical properties has largely remained elusive. Here, it is demonstrated that the dynamic response in ReS2 nanomechanical resonators can be leveraged to unambiguously resolve such disputes. Using anisotropic modal analysis, the parameter space for ReS2 resonators in which mechanical anisotropy is best manifested in resonant responses is determined. By measuring their dynamic response in both spectral and spatial domains using resonant nanomechanical spectromicroscopy, it is clearly shown that ReS2 crystal is mechanically anisotropic. Through fitting numerical models to experimental results, it is quantitatively determined that the in‐plane Young's moduli are 127 and 201 GPa along the two orthogonal mechanical axes. In combination with polarized reflectance measurements, it is shown that the mechanical soft axis aligns with the Re‐Re chain in the ReS2 crystal. These results demonstrate that dynamic responses in nanomechanical devices can offer important insights into intrinsic properties in 2D crystals and provide design guidelines for future nanodevices with anisotropic resonant responses.
Engineered photoresponsive biohybrids for tumor therapy
Authors: Wang Xiaocheng , Sun Yazhi , Wangpraseurt Daniel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEngineered biohybrids have recently emerged as innovative biomimetic platforms for cancer therapeutic applications. Particularly, engineered photoresponsive biohybrids hold tremendous potential against tumors due to their intriguing biomimetic properties, photoresponsive ability, and enhanced biotherapeutic functions. In this review, the design principles of engineered photoresponsive biohybrids and their latest progresses for tumor therapy are summarized. Representative engineered photoresponsive biohybrids are highlighted including biomolecules‐associated, cell membrane‐based, eukaryotic cell‐based, bacteria‐based, and algae‐based photoresponsive biohybrids. Representative tumor therapeutic modalities of the engineered photoresponsive biohybrids are presented, including photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, synergistic therapy, and tumor therapy combined with tissue regeneration. Moreover, the challenges and future perspectives of these photoresponsive biohybrids for clinical practice are discussed.
Argyres-Douglas avatars of Coulomb branch physics
Authors: Bhargava Chinmaya , Buican Matthew , Jiang Hongliang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We study ultraviolet (UV) incarnations of deep infrared (IR) physics on the Coulomb branch of the simplest interacting 4D $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 superconformal field theory: the minimal Argyres-Douglas (MAD) theory. One of the most basic properties of the Coulomb branch is an emergent infinite-dimensional higher-spin symmetry. While the MAD theory is interacting and therefore does not have such a symmetry, we find UV operators that encode the emergent complex higher-spin symmetry on the Coulomb branch. Moreover, we show that cousins of these UV operators give rise to cousins of the IR higher-spin multiplets. In terms of superconformal representation theory, we are led to a conjecture on the exact spectrum of $$ {\overline{\mathcal{C}}}_{R,r\left(j,\overline{j}\right)} $$

C
¯

R
,
r

j

j
¯

multiplets in the MAD theory for all R, r, j, and $$ \overline{j} $$

j
¯

satisfying $$ R+\overline{j}-j+1=0 $$
R
+

j
¯

−
j
+
1
=
0
, thereby making progress towards a full characterization of the protected spectrum. Along the way, we give a geometrical interpretation of these operators and include them in an extension of the Coulomb branch / $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 chiral operator correspondence.
Operator growth in open quantum systems: lessons from the dissipative SYK
Authors: Bhattacharjee Budhaditya , Cao Xiangyu , Nandy Pratik , Pathak Tanay 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We study the operator growth in open quantum systems with dephasing dissipation terms, extending the Krylov complexity formalism of [1]. Our results are based on the study of the dissipative q-body Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYKq) model, governed by the Markovian dynamics. We introduce a notion of “operator size concentration” which allows a diagrammatic and combinatorial proof of the asymptotic linear behavior of the two sets of Lanczos coefficients (an and bn) in the large q limit. Our results corroborate with the semi-analytics in finite q in the large N limit, and the numerical Arnoldi iteration in finite q and finite N limit. As a result, Krylov complexity exhibits exponential growth following a saturation at a time that grows logarithmically with the inverse dissipation strength. The growth of complexity is suppressed compared to the closed system results, yet it upper bounds the growth of the normalized out-of-time-ordered correlator (OTOC). We provide a plausible explanation of the results from the dual gravitational side.
On the analytical continuation of lattice Liouville theory
Authors: Cao Xiangyu , Santachiara Raoul , Usciati Romain 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The path integral of Liouville theory is well understood only when the central charge c ∈ [25, ∞). Here, we study the analytical continuation the lattice Liouville path integral to generic values of c, with a particular focus on the vicinity of c ∈ (−∞, 1]. We show that the c ∈ [25, ∞) lattice path integral can be continued to one over a new integration cycle of complex field configurations. We give an explicit formula for the new integration cycle in terms of a discrete sum over elementary cycles, which are a direct generalization of the inverse Gamma function contour. Possible statistical interpretations are discussed. We also compare our approach to the one focused on Lefschetz thimbles, by solving a two-site toy model in detail. As the parameter equivalent to c varies from [25, ∞) to (−∞, 1], we find an infinite number of Stokes walls (where the thimbles undergo topological rearrangements), accumulating at the destination point c ∈ (−∞, 1], where the thimbles become equivalent to the elementary cycles.
Dermatoskopie entzündlicher Hauterkrankungen
Authors: Szebényi Julia , Légrádi Mária , Németh Csongor , Joura Marie Isolde , Gyulai Rolland , Lengyel Zsuzsanna 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Dermatoskop wurde ursprünglich in der Dermatologie eingesetzt, um zwischen pigmentierten und nicht pigmentierten, gut- und bösartigen Tumoren zu unterscheiden. In den letzten 2 Jahrzehnten hat sich der Anwendungsbereich der Technik jedoch erweitert, und diese Untersuchungsmethode hat bei der Diagnose von Nichttumorerkrankungen, insbesondere von entzündlichen Hauterkrankungen, zunehmend an Bedeutung gewonnen. Bei der Beurteilung allgemeiner entzündlicher Hauterkrankungen wird empfohlen, nach der klinischen Untersuchung eine dermatoskopische Untersuchung durchzuführen. In der folgenden Zusammenfassung beschreiben die Autoren die dermatoskopischen Merkmale der einzelnen entzündlichen Hauterkrankungen. Zu den detaillierten Parametern gehören die Gefäßstruktur, die Farbe, die Schuppung, das Follikelmuster und das mit jeder Krankheit verbundene spezifische Muster.