bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The gut microbiome changes in wild type and IL-18 knockout mice after 9.0 Gy total body irradiation
Authors: Cui Wanchang , Hull Lisa , Zizzo Alex , Wang Li , Lin Bin , Zhai Min , Xiao Mang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Recent studies have shown that gut microbiome plays important roles in response to radiation exposure. IL-18, an inflammatory cytokine, is highly elevated in mice, mini-pigs and nonhuman primates after radiation exposure. Blocking IL-18 using its endogenous binding protein (IL-18BP) increases mice survival after radiation exposure by decreasing bone marrow interferon-gamma levels.

Methods
To further characterize the roles of IL-18 in response to radiation, both wild type and IL-18 knockout (IL-18 KO) mice were exposed to 9.0 Gy total body irradiation (TBI). The 30-day survival result demonstrated that IL-18 KO mice were significantly more resistant to radiation compared to the wild type mice (p < 0.0001). Mouse faecal samples were collected at pre-radiation (d0), d1, d3, d7, d14, d21 and d29 after radiation exposure. Microbiome profiling was performed on the faecal samples using 16S and ITS sequencing technology.

Results
Data analysis showed that there was significant difference in the bacterial microbiome between wild type and IL-18 KO mice. Cohousing of wild type and IL-18 KO mice decreased the bacterial microbiome difference between the two genotypes. Much fewer bacterial genera were significantly changed in wild type mice than the IL-18 KO mice after radiation exposure. The different composition of the IL-18 KO mice and wild type mice persisted even after radiation exposure. Bacterial genera that significantly correlated with other genera were identified in the IL-18 KO and wild type mice. The metabolic pathways that differentially expressed in both genotypes were identified. The animal bacterial microbiome data could be used to predict the animal’s radiation status. The fungal microbiome had no significant difference regarding genotype or time after radiation exposure.

Conclusion
The current study helps understand the gut microbiome in different genetic backgrounds and its temporal changes after radiation exposure. Our data provide insight into the mechanisms underlying radiation-induced toxicity and help identify bacteria important in response to radiation.
Effect of digital screen usage on the visual-vestibular system interaction
Authors: Toker Özge Gedik , Elibol Nida Tas , Erentürk Özlem , Erdem Songül , Behmen Meliha Başöz , Bal Nilüfer 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background/aim
This research aims to develop an original understanding of the subject by examining how digital screen usage correlates with visual-vestibular system interaction and the vestibuloocular reflex mechanism using vestibular test parameters.

Materials and methods
The study included 59 healthy participants. Participants were divided into two groups according to their screen usage time 3–6 h (Group 1) and over 6 h (Group 2). Participants were asked questions about complaints after screen use. After that, Video Head Impulse, Dynamic Visual Acuity, Videonystagmography test was applied to the participants.

Results
DVA was significantly poor in group 2. In vHIT and Videonystagmography test, a significant difference was not observed between the groups.

Conclusion
There is no conclusive evidence that digital screen usage directly affects the peripheral or central vestibular systems. However, the decrease in DVA in individuals who use digital screens for more than 6 h may be related to the effects of digital screen exposure on the visual-vestibular system.
The structure stability of negative symptoms: longitudinal network analysis of the Brief Negative Symptom Scale in people with schizophrenia
Authors: Rucci Paola , Caporusso Edoardo , Sanmarchi Francesco , Giordano Giulia M. , Mucci Armida , Giuliani Luigi , Pezzella Pasquale , Perrottelli Andrea , Bucci Paola , Rocca Paola , Rossi Alessandro , Bertolino Alessandro , Galderisi Silvana , Maj Mario ,   Italian Network for Research on Psychoses
Published: September 2023

Background
The structure of negative symptoms of schizophrenia is still a matter of controversy. Although a two-dimensional model (comprising the expressive deficit dimension and the motivation and pleasure dimension) has gained a large consensus, it has been questioned by recent investigations.

Aims
To investigate the latent structure of negative symptoms and its stability over time in people with schizophrenia using network analysis.

Method
Negative symptoms were assessed in 612 people with schizophrenia using the Brief Negative Symptom Scale (BNSS) at baseline and at 4-year follow-up. A network invariance analysis was conducted to investigate changes in the network structure and strength of connections between the two time points.

Results
The network analysis carried out at baseline and follow-up, supported by community detection analysis, indicated that the BNSS's items aggregate to form four or five distinct domains (avolition/asociality, anhedonia, blunted affect and alogia). The network invariance test indicated that the network structure remained unchanged over time (network invariance test score 0.13; P = 0.169), although its overall strength decreased (6.28 at baseline, 5.79 at follow-up; global strength invariance test score 0.48; P = 0.016).

Conclusions
The results lend support to a four- or five-factor model of negative symptoms and indicate overall stability over time. These data have implications for the study of pathophysiological mechanisms and the development of targeted treatments for negative symptoms.
Patient Decision Aid for Chemotherapy or Exclusion in Cisplatin-Intolerant Patients With Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer: Development, Alpha Testing, and Peer Validation
Authors: Bacorro Warren , Baldivia Kathleen , Mariano Jocelyn , Dancel Evelyn , Antonio Linda , Gonzalez Gil , Ortin Teresa Sy , Canlas Rodel 
Published: September 2023

PURPOSEIn locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC), adding cisplatin to radiotherapy (RT) improves survival but increases toxicity. Among patients with cisplatin contraindications, RT compliance may be compromised by toxicity because of cisplatin or a substitute. In shared decision making, a patient decision aid (PtDA) may decrease decisional conflict and attitudinal barriers, thereby improving treatment compliance.METHODSFollowing International Patient Decision Aid Standards (IPDAS) guidelines, a steering committee of two radiation oncologists, a gynecologic oncologist, an oncology nurse, a clinical psychologist, a cancer survivor, and a caregiver developed the chemotherapy or exclusion in cisplatin-intolerant patients with LACC (CECIL) prototype, a PtDA for cisplatin-intolerant patients with LACC deciding about adding chemotherapy to RT. The prototype was alpha-tested using the e-Delphi method. The patient decision aid research group Ottawa Acceptability Questionnaire was used to evaluate comprehensibility, length, amount of information, neutrality, and overall suitability for decision making. The prototype was then independently evaluated by local internal, local external, and international reviewers using the IPDAS checklist version 4, which encompasses information, probabilities, values, guidance, development, evidence, disclosure, plain language, and evaluation.RESULTSAlpha testing showed high practitioner acceptability (all items with mean and median scores ≥4; overall mean score 4.70 of 5.00) and good patient acceptability (all items rated good to excellent). Content validation showed that the PtDA satisfied all IPDAS six qualifying and six certification criteria, with high overall mean score (3.63 of 4.00) for all 17 applicable quality criteria.CONCLUSIONThe CECIL prototype shows good practitioner and patient acceptability, and content validity on peer review. Clinical testing to determine its effectiveness in reducing decisional conflict is ongoing.
A scoping review protocol of the rehabilitation needs of people with brain tumours
Authors: O'Donovan B. , Malone Ailish , Horgan F. , Bennett K. 
Published: September 2023

Background: Every year 480 people are diagnosed with a primary brain tumour in Ireland. Brain tumours can vary in type, location, treatment, and progression but neurological impairments are a consistent feature. Such neurological disability creates significant symptom burden that can seriously impact peoples’ functional ability and quality of life. Rehabilitation can improve functional prognosis (motor and cognitive) and quality of life in people with brain tumours. However, research and experience consistently show that people with brain tumours can have difficulties accessing rehabilitation services. Our scoping review will investigate the research evidence concerning the rehabilitation needs of people with brain tumours. Methods: The scoping review will be conducted in line with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) reporting guidelines. Relevant databases (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL+, PsychINFO, PEDro) and grey literature sources will be searched. Publications relating to international rehabilitation practices will be included. A data extraction table will be created to facilitate narrative synthesis of the results. Conclusions: This scoping review will examine the scope of the literature on the rehabilitation needs of people with brain tumours. The findings will inform a research project entitled “Surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, but now what? Exploring the rehabilitation needs of people with brain tumours in Ireland”. An article reporting the results of the scoping review will be submitted to a scientific journal and presented at relevant national and international conferences.
The Beating Heart of Untapped Business Opportunities for Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Froes Isabel , Struthers David , Malacarne Ciro , Perini Matteo , Rossi Maurizio , Gregori Paolo 
Published: September 2023

This article presents a case that joins user-driven innovation and Additive manufacturing (AM) towards latent business opportunities in the preparation for life threatening operations. Surgeons, confronted with a patient with a delicate heart condition, collaborated with a prototyping facility to print a realistic 3D model of the patient’s aortic aneurysm. The model allowed the surgeons to first study and then experiment to determine the most effective operation procedure before the actual operation, which shortened the surgery time by approximately 70%. Reducing surgery time creates two forms of value: improving patient outcomes and reducing costs. Shorter times under anesthetic and on cardiopulmonary bypass correlate with better surgical results. Reducing healthcare costs brings broad societal benefits in both publicly and privately funded healthcare systems. We outline a case for makerspaces to capture value by joining their expertise and manufacturing equipment with the needs of nearby healthcare systems for novel business developments.
Mach–Zehnder interferometric engineering in silicon optical modulators: towards extrinsic OMA enhancement
Authors: Murao Tadashi , Horikawa Tsuyoshi 
Published: September 2023

The realization of a high dynamic extinction ratio (ER) and optical modulation
amplitude (OMA) while keeping the optical and radio-frequency (RF)
signal losses low is a major issue for carrier-depletion Mach–Zehnder
(MZ) silicon optical modulators. However, there is still room to
improve modulator performance by applying the information gained from
recent advanced testing technology to the modulator design. In this
study, the extrinsic OMA (E-OMA) enhancement effect, which was
discovered through the evaluation process and by revisiting the
physics of the MZ interferometer (MZI), is investigated. First, we
raise the issue of a periodic ripple observed on an MZI spectrum that
has previously been overlooked but can affect modulator performance
and attribute it to optical resonance between the multi-mode
interferometers that compose an MZI. We show that, although having the
effect of reducing the dynamic ER in the push-pull regime, as
demonstrated experimentally, this resonance can take them beyond the
realm of modulation efficiency and generate an E-OMA enhancement
effect in the single-arm-drive regime without involving any optical
and RF signal losses. By comparing two modulator structures that
generate resonance internally, we successfully identify the factors
that are responsible for increasing the E-OMA enhancement effect. We
reveal that theoretically the OMA can easily be increased by
0.45 dB or more.
Comparative effectiveness of different exercise interventions for elderly patients with hip fracture: A systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis protocol of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Pan Rong-jia , Gui Si-Jie , Wang Ting , Nian Fang , Wang Ao-yi , Liu Cai-juan , Li Zhuo-lan , Peng Dan , Zeng Gu-qing 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundExercise intervention (EI) is a promising and economical way for elderly patients with hip fracture, but the evidence regarding effective EIs remains fragmented and controversial, and it is unclear which type of exercise is optimal. The purpose of this Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA) is to compare and rank the efficacy of various EIs in elderly patients with hip fracture.Materials and methodsA comprehensive literature search was performed using a systematic approach across various databases including Medline (via PubMed), CINAHL, CNKI, Web of Science, Wan Fang, Embase, VIP, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and CBM databases. The search encompasses all available records from the inception of each database until December 2022. The Inclusion literature comprises randomized controlled trials that incorporate at least one EI for elderly patients with hip fracture. We will assess the risk of bias of the studies in accordance with the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, and assess each evidence of outcome quality in accordance with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation framework. The NMA will be performed by STATA 15.0 software and OpenBUGS version 3.2.3. The identification of publication bias will be accomplished through the utilization of a funnel plot. We will rank the EIs effects according to the cumulative ranking probability curve (surface under the cumulative ranking area, SUCRA). The primary outcomes will be hip function in elderly patients, and the secondary outcomes will be activities of daily living, walking capacity and balance ability of elderly patients.Trial registrationPROSPERO registration number:CRD4202022340737.
Numerical analysis of the impact of excavation for undercrossing Yellow River tunnel on adjacent bridge foundations
Authors: Xin Liangliang , Ye Shuaihua , Wang Dengqun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Taking the twin-tunnel shield tunnel of the urban rail transit in Lanzhou City as an example, this article applies the hardening soil small criterion and utilizes finite element software to simulate the excavation process of the undercrossing Yellow River tunnel. The analysis focuses on the deformation effects and axial force variations of nearby bridge foundations in three directions: vertical to the tunnel, along the tunnel, and the vertical direction. The simulation results are compared with monitoring data. The findings indicate that shield tunnel construction increases the deformation of bridge foundations in the vertical and tunnel directions, while mitigating the deformation in the vertical direction. The influence is more significant as the distance between the tunnel and the foundations decreases. The redistribution of stress due to soil disturbance causes foundation deformation, and the magnitude of foundation deformation reflects the extent of soil disturbance. The simulated vertical displacement of the pile head is consistent with the trend observed in the field measurements. The simulation results generally align with the conclusion that the tunnel has minimal impact on the soil beyond a distance of 3–5 times the tunnel diameter.
Syntactic productivity under the microscope: the lexical and semantic openness of Dutch minimizing constructions
Authors: Van den Heede Margot , Lauwers Peter 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates different aspects of syntactic productivity and its relation to semantics. Based on a case study of 43 Dutch minimizing constructions, the correlations between nine different variables are examined: metrics of lexical openness (TypeTokenRatio,HapaxTokenRatio,HapaxTypeRatio), measures of conventionalization (FrTop1,MeanFrTop3,SDTop3), characteristics of the frequency distribution (Alphaparameter of the Zipf curve) and two semantic variables based on distributional semantics (SemanticRange,SemanticSparsity). The analysis shows very strong correlations between most variables, but it also detects second-order extensibility based onHapaxTypeRatioand the way it interacts with semantic openness as measured bySemanticSparsity.
Al–Si–Fe alloy-based phase change material for high-temperature thermal energy storage
Authors: Shimizu Yuto , Nomura Takahiro 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Carnot batteries, a type of power-to-heat-to-power energy storage, are in high demand as they can provide a stable supply of renewable energy. Latent heat storage (LHS) using alloy-based phase change materials (PCMs), which have high heat storage density and thermal conductivity, is a promising method. However, LHS requires the development of a PCM with a melting point suitable for its application. For the Carnot battery, the reuse of a conventional ultra-supercritical coal-fired power plant with a maximum operating temperature of approximately 650°C is considered. Therefore, developing a 600°C-class alloy-based PCM is crucial for realizing a highly efficient and environmentally friendly Carnot battery. Using thermodynamic calculation software (FactSage), we found that Al-5.9 mass% Si-1.6 mass% Fe undergoes a phase transformation at 576–619°C, a potential 600°C-class PCM. In this study, we investigated the practicality of an Al–Si–Fe PCM as an LHS material based on its heat storage and release properties and form stability. The examined Al–Si–Fe PCM melted until approximately 620°C with a latent heat capacity of 375–394 J·g−1. Furthermore, the PCM was found to have a thermal conductivity of approximately 160 W·m−1·K−1 in the temperature range of 100–500°C, which is significantly better than that of conventional sensible heat storage materials in terms of heat storage capacity and thermal conductivity.
Crystal structure of catena-poly-{diaqua-bis[μ-(((4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl)glycinato-κO)](μ
2-4, 4′-bipyridine-κ
2
N:N′)cobalt(II)} dihydrate, C26H30Cl2CoN4O12S2
Authors: Chen Xiao-Miao , Liu Zheng-Jun , Liu Qing , Zhang Yu-Tao , He Xue , Deng Yun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
C26H30Cl2CoN4O12S2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 11.4094(5) Å, b = 14.2343(6) Å, c = 11.6775(4) Å, β = 114.3130(10)∘, V = 1728.28(12) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0393, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1046, T = 293(2) K.
Chemogenetic Perturbation of the Posterior But Not Anterior Cerebellum Reduces Voluntary Ethanol Consumption
Authors: Zamudio Paula A. , Gioia Dominic , Glaser Christina , Woodward John J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe cerebellum communicates with brain areas critically involved in control of goal-directed behaviors including the prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortices and midbrain and basal ganglia structures. In particular, the posterior cerebellum is important for cognitive flexibility and has been implicated in alcohol and drug-related memory. We hypothesized that the cerebellum, through its multiple connections to reward-related brain circuitry, regulates alcohol consumption. To test this, we expressed inhibitory designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) in molecular layer interneurons (MLIs) in anterior (IV–V) or posterior (VI–VIII) cerebellar lobules of male and female mice and activated them during alcohol drinking sessions. In a home-cage drinking paradigm, alcohol consumption was significantly decreased by clozapine-N-oxide (CNO) or deschloroclozapine (DCZ) administration in male mice expressing DREADDs in posterior but not anterior lobules. CNO/DCZ injections did not affect drinking in DREADD expressing female mice or in male mice expressing the control vector. Activation of DREADDs expressed in anterior or posterior lobules had no effect on sucrose or quinine consumption in male or female mice. During operant self-administration sessions, DCZ decreased the number of licks and bouts in male but not female mice expressing DREADDs in posterior lobules with no effect in control vector mice. Performance on an accelerated rotarod was unaffected by chemogenetic manipulation while distance traveled in the open field was decreased by DREADD activation in anterior but not posterior lobules. These results indicate that neuronal activity within the posterior cerebellar cortex plays an important role in the control of alcohol consumption in male mice.
On the G'/G Expansion Method Applied to (2+1)-Dimensional Asymmetric-Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov Equation
Authors: Mabrouk Samah , Rashed Ahmed Saad 
Published: September 2023

In this paper, the G'/G expansion method is applied to the (2+1)-dimensional Asymmetric-Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov equation (ANNV). The motivation is creating new families of solitary waves. The system of equations has been combined in one partial differential equation (PDE) and the traveling wave variable has been applied to transform the resultant equation into an ordinary differential equation (ODE). The homogenous balance condition has been applied to determine the truncation variable of the G'/G expansion. Four cases are created according to the appropriate choice of the arbitrary constants relations. For each case, some new solitary wave solutions including solitons and kinks represented by trigonometric, hyperbolic, logarithmic, polynomial, and combinations of these functions.
Inter-hospital Variation in COVID-19 Era Pediatric Hospitalizations by Age Group and Diagnosis
Authors: Murosko Daria , Passarella Molly , Handley Sara C. , Burris Heather H. , Lorch Scott A. 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND
Mitigation strategies and public responses to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) varied geographically and may have differentially affected burden of pediatric disease and hospitalization practices. We aimed to quantify hospital-specific variation in hospitalizations during the COVID-19 era.

METHODS
Using Pediatric Health Information Systems data from 44 Children’s Hospitals, this retrospective multicenter analysis compared hospitalizations of children (1 day–17 years) from the COVID-19 era (March 1, 2020–June 30, 2021) to prepandemic (January 1, 2017–December 31, 2019). Variation in the magnitude of hospital-specific decline between eras was determined using coefficients of variation (CV). Spearman’s test was used to assess correlation of variation with community and hospital factors.

RESULTS
The COVID-19 era decline in hospitalizations varied between hospitals (CV 0.41) and was moderately correlated with declines in respiratory infection hospitalizations (r = 0.69, P &lt; .001). There was no correlation with community or hospital factors. COVID-19 era changes in hospitalizations for mental health conditions varied widely between centers (CV 2.58). Overall, 22.7% of hospitals saw increased admissions for adolescents, and 29.5% saw increases for newborns 1 to 14 days, representing significant center-specific variation (CV 2.30 for adolescents and 1.98 for newborns).

CONCLUSIONS
Pandemic-era change in hospitalizations varied across institutions, partially because of hospital-specific changes in respiratory infections. Residual variation exists for mental health conditions and in groups least likely to be admitted for respiratory infections, suggesting that noninfectious conditions may be differentially and uniquely affected by local policies and hospital-specific practices enacted during the COVID-19 era.