bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PRINCIPLES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF CONTEST TASKS FOR INTERNATIONAL EDUCATIONAL CAMPAIGN “PUSHKIN DICTATION”
Authors: Ольга Константиновна Евдокимова, , Алена Михайловна Иванова, , Андрей Александрович Обжогин, 
Published: January 2023

Статья посвящена одному из основных этапов Международной просветительской акции «Пушкинский диктант» - конкурсу методических материалов. Как считают учредители этой акции (АССУЛ), при составлении конкурсных заданий допустимы широта подхода к исходному материалу, свобода выбора микротем и мотивов пушкинского творчества. Данная позиция не может быть принята безоговорочно. Для того чтобы обеспечить равные условия всем категориям участников «Пушкинского диктанта», необходимо создание единой научно-методической основы для разработчиков заданий. Авторы статьи, исходя из собственного опыта проведения «Пушкинского диктанта - 2022», выработали систему принципов составления конкурсных заданий, которые могут быть приняты как базовые для Пушкинского диктанта на постоянной основе. В работе приводятся примеры конкретных заданий разного типа, в методологическом и историко-литературном аспектах анализируются их сильные и слабые стороны. Отдельно подчеркивается, какие содержательные составляющие могут влиять на успешность конкурсного задания. В статье прослеживается механизм реализации предлагаемых принципов при составлении заданий Международной акции, где главная цель - просветительская. Статья представляет интерес для составителей заданий «Пушкинского диктанта - 2023», а также всех тех, для кого «Пушкинский диктант» стал средством широкого межкультурного общения.
The article is devoted to one of the main stages of the international educational campaign “Pushkin Dictation”, which is the competition of teaching aids. According to the founders of this action (Association of Teachers of Literature and Russian), a wide approach to the source material, freedom of choice of micro-themes and motives of Pushkin's works are acceptable in compiling the contest tasks. This position cannot be accepted unconditionally. In order to provide equal conditions for all categories of participants in the Pushkin Dictation, it is necessary to create a single scientific and methodical basis for task developers. Based on their own experience in the Pushkin Dictation - 2022, the authors have developed a system of principles for compiling contest tasks, which can be accepted as basic for the Pushkin Dictation on a permanent basis. The paper presents examples of various types of tasks and analyses their strengths and weaknesses from both methodological and historical and literary perspectives. It is also emphasized which content components may influence the success of a contest task. The article traces the mechanism of implementation of the proposed principles in compiling contest tasks for the international campaign, the main goal of which is educational. The article is of interest to the compilers of the tasks for the “Pushkin Dictation - 2023”, as well as to all those for whom the “Pushkin Dictation” has become a means of cross-cultural communication.
Anticolonial Exoticism in Octave Mirbeau’s Le Jardin des supplices
Authors: Hibbitt Richard 
Published: January 2023

Octave Mirbeau’s novel Le Jardin des supplices (The Torture Garden; 1899) depicts an exoticized fictional image of a Chinese ‘torture garden’ in order to hold up an allegorical mirror to European hypocrisy in the fin de siècle. Although France under the Third Republic may see itself as a civilized country, the treatment of Alfred Dreyfus and the barbaric violence inflicted on indigenous peoples in north Africa by French colonial forces belies such a claim. But the novel reads as political allegory and as exploitative piece of lurid Orientialism; seemingly complicit with the very system that it critiques, it both celebrates and condemns the Decadent fascination with the exotic Other. Developing an insight by Brian Stableford, this essay reads Le Jardin des supplices alongside Thomas More’s Utopia (1516), which also uses a fictitious journey as a means to critique contemporary mores, including public hanging and military expansion. Following Homi Bhabha, it argues that Mirbeau presents this anti-colonial exoticism in order to suggest a third space beyond the dichotomy of East and West: like More’s island of Utopia, Mirbeau’s fictional China points to a third, hybrid space which transcends the limitations of the French and Chinese polities.
Littéralement et dans tous les sens
Authors: Rey Jean-Michel 
Published: January 2023

Dès qu’on prend en compte des séquences d’histoire, individuelle ou collective, on est confronté à des traces à rebours, destinées à produire le caractère homogène de ce qu’on présente. On voit ici tout l’intérêt de ce que Bergson a appelé « l’illusion rétroactive ». C’est un éclairage aux effets multiples dans la perspective d’un temps fabriqué pour des intérêts spécifiques.
Prendre son masque pour son visage
Authors: Morel Alexandre 
Published: January 2023

L’implicite est ce qui va sans dire. Comme le transfert. Ce dernier s’y entend pour défaire notre goût du sens. Quel jeu possible dans un système de contraintes identificatoires nous pousse à prendre corps et parole en séance ? En suivant les routes et les déroutes d’un moment de cure, dans la tension constante entre la mise en sens et le déploiement d’un certain nombre d’apparitions ou de personnages en séance, on pourra se demander : « Mais pour qui se prend-on ? »
Indifferenz versus neutralité
Authors: Quéméré Philippe 
Published: January 2023

L’auteur se donne ici pour tâche de revisiter le mot indifferenz , que Strachey traduisit par neutralité, traduction qui aura des destins divers, parfois néfastes, sur la technique psychanalytique. Après avoir, sur les pas de Freud, déployé la polysémie d’ indifferenz et souligné l’écart avec indifférence et neutralité, l’auteur propose, filant la métaphore nautique, de la comparer au point fixe de l’étoile Polaire, assurant un cap idéal au navigateur analytique, lui évitant, bien qu’il soit inévitablement attiré par le chant des passions transférentielles, la dérive fatale vers les récifs du « simulacre d’humanité ».
S’incliner devant la jouissance ?
Authors: Solal Jean-François 
Published: January 2023

En proposant la pulsion de mort couplée à la libido, Freud paraît souscrire à son habituel dualisme scientifique. Il constate toutefois que ces pulsions s’expriment de façon intriquée, comme dans la contrainte de répétition. Prenant appui sur le second exemple freudien, celui du masochisme, Lacan donne une place majeure à la jouissance. Sans jamais l’écrire, il tend ainsi à un monisme des pulsions : elles fusionnent quand vie et mort expriment la passion. Nous en donnons l’exemple chez Francis Bacon. La clinique contemporaine du trauma, notamment en temps de pandémie, et celle de l’addiction confirment la pertinence du concept de jouissance.
Naissance d’une notion : le coup d’État
Authors: Cherrier Emmanuel 
Published: January 2023

Si les racines de la notion de coup d’État (d’origine française) remontent au Moyen Âge, son émergence au xvi e siècle est liée à celle de la raison d’État. Elle désigne alors un acte majeur accompli dans l’intérêt général par le titulaire du pouvoir, dont la légitimité inscrit la violation du droit commun dans un ordre juridique supralégal spécifique au seul souverain. L’évolution des théories de la raison d’État ainsi que l’indétermination des bornes de l’intérêt général ouvrirent cependant, dès la fin du xviii e siècle, le champ du concept aux non-détenteurs du pouvoir (ce que Brumaire illustre). Cette reconfiguration de sa définition fait alors aussi de lui un acte toujours illégal et à la légitimité incertaine (ce que le 2 Décembre enracine), sans pour autant remplacer le sens premier. Cette polysémie entretient alors la confusion autour d’un concept aussi souvent employé que mal cerné.
La république des « conseils ». Des comités secrets au Conseil de défense et de sécurité nationale
Authors: Arboit Gérald , Arboit Gérald 
Published: January 2023

Comités secrets du Parlement et conseils de Défense des IV e et V e République sont des organes spéciaux prévus par la Constitution. Leurs pratiques sont donc encadrées réglementairement. Ces organes ne s’intéressent aux dangers internationaux qu’avec des expéditions militaires de la colonisation, mais deviennent actifs après la Première Guerre mondiale. Encadrées par le secret, d’abord professionnel puis légal après 1939, leurs pratiques relèvent des dimensions stratégique, politique, médiatique, et couvrent, depuis 1958 et surtout depuis 2009 et le changement de paradigme sécuritaire, d’autres domaines que les relations internationales et les questions de défense.
Le Parlement de Westminster et les interventions militaires britanniques (2011-2015)
Authors: Harrois Thibaud , Harrois Thibaud 
Published: January 2023

Cet article étudie les raisons qui ont conduit le Premier ministre britannique à confier au Parlement la décision d’autoriser les interventions militaires. Le précédent établi par le vote de mars 2003 autorisant l’intervention en Irak fut confirmé par le vote de mars 2011 concernant les frappes contre le régime libyen de Kadhafi, tandis que la Chambre des Communes s’opposait à une intervention contre Bachar el-Assad en 2013, mais approuvait des frappes contre l’État islamique en 2014 et 2015. L’émergence d’une « prérogative parlementaire » est étudiée afin de montrer les limites du « modèle de Westminster » qui prévaut dans les études sur la politique étrangère et de défense et la nécessité de prendre en compte les négociations avec le Parlement dans l’élaboration de cette politique.
Changer les bâtiments pour changer l’enseignement. Le projet de l’université Toulouse Le Mirail dans les années 1960
Authors: Collet Pauline 
Published: January 2023

Au début des années 1960, les architectes Georges Candilis, Shadrach Woods et Alexis Josic sont choisis pour dessiner le quartier du Mirail, destiné à accueillir plusieurs dizaines de milliers d’habitants au cœur d’une ville nouvelle appelée à devenir le nouveau centre de Toulouse. Concernant les universités, ces dernières traversent une période de crise, avec une forte hausse du nombre d’étudiants et des locaux insuffisants partout en France. À Toulouse, les étudiants en droit et en lettres se partagent les bâtiments du centre-ville (actuelle rue Lautmann) mais les tensions liées à Mai 1968 et la hausse du nombre d’étudiants rendent la situation de plus en plus compliquée. La décision est prise dès 1965 de déménager la faculté des lettres et sciences humaines au Mirail. Ce projet d’université va se construire en lien avec celui du quartier. Les architectes vont laisser s’exprimer leur vision de l’université à travers les choix de construction. C’est ce projet que cet article se propose d’étudier.
Pierre et carrières dans la Saintonge antique : identification, usages et diffusion
Authors: Gaillard Jacques , Conforto Egle 
Published: January 2023

Dans la cité des Santons, dès la conquête romaine, des constructions ont été édifiées sur un bassin sédimentaire offrant aux bâtisseurs un éventail de pierres calcaires de qualité. Une recherche élargie à l’ensemble du territoire a consisté à faire le lien entre extraction et mise en œuvre dans le bâti. Pour ce faire, les roches des principales carrières ont été identifiées chimiquement sous la forme de référentiels auxquels les blocs d’architecture mis au jour par les fouilles ont pu être comparés afin d’en connaître la provenance. La microscopie électronique à balayage (MEB) équipée d’un analyseur EDS (energy dispersive spectroscopy) pour l’analyse chimique multi-élémentaire des grains piégés par la sédimentation marine est l’outil principal de cette identification qui permet d’appréhender les circuits de distribution de la pierre. Le présent article fait le point de quinze années de recherche et d’analyses.
Incidental gall bladder cancer in the laparoscopic treatment and magnetic resonance imaging era: A single institution experience
Authors: Yong Zhou , Ang Li , Wen-Zhang Zha , Xu-Dong Wu , Ren-Gen Fan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background:
Incidental gall bladder cancer (IGBC) is often discovered unexpectedly in patients after cholecystectomy. Currently, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been widely applied in the pre-operative diagnosis of gall bladder diseases as laparoscopic cholecystectomy developed into the preferred method.

Aims and Objectives:
This study aimed to evaluate the pre-operative MRI application and laparoscopic management in the IGBCs.

Materials and Methods:
Between January 2011 and January 2020, a total of 7917 patients with gall bladder diseases treated by laparoscopy were enrolled in this study.

Results:
Amongst 49 patients diagnosed with IGBCs, the incidence of IGBCs in polypoid lesions, biliary pancreatitis, cholecystitis, cholecystocholedocholithiasis and gall bladder stones was 0.42%, 1.19%, 0.62%, 1.20% and 0.49%, respectively. MRI evaluation showed more remarkable pre-operative imaging as compared to ultrasonographic evaluation (40.8 vs. 26.5, P < 0.05). Furthermore, 14 patients were diagnosed with gall bladder cancer through intraoperative histological examination and 11 received laparoscopic extensive resection after cholecystectomy. MRI findings with diffuse thickening of the gall bladder detected IGBCs with 6.1% sensitivity, 96.02 specificity, 0.95% positive predictive values and 99.4% negative predictive values; diffuse thickening of the gall bladder with suspicion of malignancy detected IGBCs with 12.2% sensitivity, 99.1% specificity, 7.6% positive predictive values and 99.5% negative predictive values; focal thickening of the gall bladder detected IGBCs with 16% sensitivity, 99.8% specificity, 32% positive predictive values and 99.5% negative predictive values; moreover, suspicious lesion detected IGBCs with 6.1% sensitivity, 99.6% specificity, 8.8% positive predictive values and 99.4% negative predictive values.

Conclusions:
Patients with biliary pancreatitis and cholecystocholedocholithiasis have a higher incidence of IGBC. MRI evaluation could provide more accurate information for the IGBCs, which should be recommended for patients accepting cholecystectomy. MRI findings exhibited an unsatisfactory sensitivity when detecting IGBCs, but they represented high specificity. Pre-operative MRI evaluation and intraoperative histological examination may help some IGBCs to achieve one-stage laparoscopic extensive resection.
Classification of generalized Einstein metrics on three-dimensional Lie groups
Authors: Cortés Vicente , Krusche David 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe develop the theory of left-invariant generalized pseudo-Riemannian metrics on Lie groups. Such a metric accompanied by a choice of left-invariant divergence operator gives rise to a Ricci curvature tensor, and we study the corresponding Einstein equation. We compute the Ricci tensor in terms of the tensors (on the sum of the Lie algebra and its dual) encoding the Courant algebroid structure, the generalized metric, and the divergence operator. The resulting expression is polynomial and homogeneous of degree 2 in the coefficients of the Dorfman bracket and the divergence operator with respect to a left-invariant orthonormal basis for the generalized metric. We determine all generalized Einstein metrics on three-dimensional Lie groups.
Copyright protection of video games: a comparative study
Authors: Farmaki Despoina 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The legal nature of video games in terms of copyright is hard to determine. Video games are highly interactive multimedia that are made up of individual elements that are the ‘product’ of creative effort and expertise. Video games are also complex multimedia works that combine video, music, art and characters. There is a debate on which work is qualified to be copyright protected: is it the video game as a whole or the individual elements of it? To question further, under which category of protected works should they be classified? This article will shed light on the above considerations by employing a combination of doctrinal and comparative analyses. European and national legislation and case law will be analysed, with particular emphasis on four national jurisdictions: Germany, France, Greece and the UK. The article discusses the divergent opinions among academics, national and European case law, and will suggest that copyright registration of video games would provide more clarity.
An Observational Study of Vataja Hridroga in Correlation with Electrocardiographic Changes
Authors: Anil Popat Parekar  
Published: January 2023

Diagnosing a disease is far important before initiating the treatment. Different important and involuntary functions are regulated by different Dosha, Dhatu and Oja, which are situated in the heart. Hridroga is disease of Marma and is life threatening. However emphasis is given to explore the possibility of inclusion of electrocardiogram a bedside investigating tool as a support to existing Pramanas and Rugna pariksha. In accordance with the World Health Organization, India accounts for one-fifth of these deaths worldwide especially in younger population. So the study aimed at comprehension of electrocardiographic changes in patients suffering from Vataja Hridroga as mentioned in Charak samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanghridaya and their specific correlation. 100 patients were included in the study and their symptomatology with electrocardiographic changes was observed. Vata Pradhan Kapha-Pitta Anubandha observed in in 38% patients, Vata Pradhan Kapha Anubandha observed in 34% patients, Keval Vata Pradhanata observed in 23% patients, Vata Pradhan Pitta Anubandha observed in 5% patients. This Kapha-Pitta Anubandha indicates its contribution in Srotorodha Pradhan and Avaranatmak Samprapti. Dosha vitiation and Anubandha causes various pathological changes in Hridaya like Shotha, Paka, Srotorodh thereby leads to specific changes in electrocardiogram. Significant correlation between two were observed.
Nirmali (Strychnos Potatorum linn.) A Precious Plant- A Review
Authors: Priyanka  , Ramesh Chandra Tiwari  , Ved Bhushan Sharma  
Published: January 2023

Ayurveda is one of the oldest health-care systems. The ancient Vedic literature contains scattered allusions to Ayurvedic remedies and other aspects of medicine and health. The vast majority of Atharvavedic knowledge is related to Ayurveda. One of Ayurveda's eight divisions, Agad Tantra, focuses on the identification of poisons, different poisons from the mineral, plant, and animal kingdoms, as well as artificial poisons made from toxic drugs and their treatment. Nirmali (Strychnos potatorum Linn) is one of a Vishagna (non-toxic) plant mentioned by Acharya Charak in 4th chapter of Sutrasthana in Charak samhita. Nirmali is a widely growing medium sized medicinal plant of Loganiaceae family. Seeds of Nirmali (Katak) have been used for the purification of water. This plant has contributed various pharmacological actions in the scientific field of Indian systems of medicine like Nirmali (Strychnos potatorum) seeds are alexipharmic, lithotriptic and cures strangury, head diseases etc., Roots of Nirmali cure leukoderma whereas fruits are useful in eye diseases, thirst, poisoning, and hallucinations. The fruits are emetic, diaphoretic, alexiteric etc. It contains a variety of phytochemical constituents such as a alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, lignins, phenols, saponins, sterols, and tannins. This review article of Nirmali (Katak) plant is going to provide brief information about its modern view.
MANIFESTASI GEGAR BUDAYA TOKOH UTAMA FILM “MANTAN MANTEN” DALAM TINJAUAN ANALISIS WACANA KRITIS
Authors: Rinugroho Dewangkoro 
Published: January 2023

Film “Mantan Manten” merupakan film drama romansa dan rilis pada bulan April 2019. Film ini menjadi menarik karena pengemasannya sebagai film romansa, baik dari poster hingga trailer, namun secara bersamaan memiliki fokus kuat dalam segi kebudayaan. Dan dalam ceritanya, tokoh utama dari film “Mantan Manten” mengalami perubahan drastis dan mengalami gegar budaya. Penelitian ini ingin melihat bagaimana wacana gegar budaya dapat divisualisasikan dalam adegan film serta tujuan adanya wacana gegar budaya dalam sebuah film arus utama dengan genre drama romansa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode analisis wacana kritis. Kemudian melihat aspek mise-en-scène berupa setting, tata busana dan tata rias, dan akting untuk melihat bagaimana wacana gegar budaya ditunjukkan secara visual. Hasil analisis kemudian akan dikritisi dengan melihat fungsi dan tujuan wacana gegar budaya pada film drama romansa film “Mantan Manten”. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 21 scene yang memiliki unsur gegar budaya didalamnya; 7 scene melalui praktik diskursif, 13 scene dengan praktik diskursif, dan 4 materialisasi wacana. Wacana gegar budaya dalam film “Mantan Manten” lebih banyak dimanifestasikan secara visual melalui akting tokoh, dengan setting dan tata rias dan busana sebagai penguat. Wacana gegar budaya dalam film memiliki fungsi sebagai penggerak narasi dengan tujuan memperlihatkan budaya jawa dukun manten secara lebih dekat dan personal melalui proses tokoh utama dalam menjadi dukun manten. Gegar budaya dalam film ini digunakan sebagai konflik sekunder dalam batin tokoh utama yang hadir dari konflik utama antara Iskandar dan Yasnina, dan sebagai wadah agar film “Mantan Manten” dapat mengisi pengetahuan mengenai budaya jawa ke khalayak umum.
Effect of Policy Network Legitimacy on Policy Process Outcomes in the Road Transport Sector in Nairobi City County, Kenya
Authors: Ombagi Cornelius , Minja David , Muna Wilson 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The legitimacy of a policy network is an important factor in determining the success of a policy process. It can help to ensure that the policy process is conducted in a transparent and accountable manner, and that the decision-making process is based on sound evidence and effective consultation. It also ensures that the policy process outcomes are based on consensus rather than on the interests of any particular group, builds trust between stakeholders and the government, which can help to ensure that the policy process is implemented effectively as well as help to enhance public participation in the policy process, which can lead to better policy outcomes. Given the limited empirical focus of the previous studies on the role of policy network legitimacy in achieving policy process outcomes, this study sought to establish the relationship between the two.
Methodology: The study adopted a descriptive design. The target population of the study was 470 policy actors in the road transport sector within Nairobi City County out of which 407 were sampled to respond to the questionnaire and 45 were sampled to participate in focused group discussions as well as key informant interviews. The sampling approach adopted was a purposeful sampling procedure. A mixed methodology was adopted whereby both quantitative and qualitative data was collected through structured questionnaires, Key Informant Interviews and focused group discussions. The quantitative data was analyzed through descriptive statistics that is mean, frequencies and percentages as well as regression analysis. On the other hand, qualitative data was analysed through thematic analysis and reported in a narrative format.
Findings: The study established that the level of policy network legitimacy in road transport sector within Nairobi City County, Kenya was very high and this was associated with a significant improvement in the policy process outcomes.
Recommendations: The study recommends a need for an increase public participation by the policy makers in the transport department in Nairobi City County, Kenya. The study also recommend establishment of clear guidelines and rules for the policy network that all members must follow to ensure accountability. The study also recommend a transparent process for the policy network as well as promotion of accountability by ensuring all members of the policy network are held accountable for their actions.