bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subcortical serotonin 5HT2c receptor-containing neurons sex-specifically regulate binge-like alcohol consumption, social, and arousal behaviors in mice
Authors: Flanigan M. E. , Hon O. J. , D’Ambrosio S. , Boyt K. M. , Hassanein L. , Castle M. , Haun H. L. , Pina M. M. , Kash T. L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBinge alcohol consumption induces discrete social and arousal disturbances in human populations that promote increased drinking and accelerate the progression of Alcohol Use Disorder. Here, we show in a mouse model that binge alcohol consumption disrupts social recognition in females and potentiates sensorimotor arousal in males. These negative behavioral outcomes were associated with sex-specific adaptations in serotonergic signaling systems within the lateral habenula (LHb) and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), particularly those related to the receptor 5HT2c. While both BNST and LHb neurons expressing this receptor display potentiated activation following binge alcohol consumption, the primary causal mechanism underlying the effects of alcohol on social and arousal behaviors appears to be excessive activation of LHb5HT2c neurons. These findings may have valuable implications for the development of sex-specific treatments for mood and alcohol use disorders targeting the brain’s serotonin system.
Environmental heterogeneity modulates the effect of plant diversity on the spatial variability of grassland biomass
Authors: Daleo Pedro , Alberti Juan , Chaneton Enrique J. , Iribarne Oscar , Tognetti Pedro M. , Bakker Jonathan D. , Borer Elizabeth T. , Bruschetti Martín , MacDougall Andrew S. , Pascual Jesús , Sankaran Mahesh , Seabloom Eric W. , Wang Shaopeng , Bagchi Sumanta , Brudvig Lars A. , Catford Jane A. , Dickman Chris R. , Dickson Timothy L. , Donohue Ian , Eisenhauer Nico , Gruner Daniel S. , Haider Sylvia , Jentsch Anke , Knops Johannes M. H. , Lekberg Ylva , McCulley Rebecca L. , Moore Joslin L. , Mortensen Brent , Ohlert Timothy , Pärtel Meelis , Peri Pablo L. , Power Sally A. , Risch Anita C. , Rocca Camila , Smith Nicholas G. , Stevens Carly , Tamme Riin , Veen G. F. , Wilfahrt Peter A. , Hautier Yann 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPlant productivity varies due to environmental heterogeneity, and theory suggests that plant diversity can reduce this variation. While there is strong evidence of diversity effects on temporal variability of productivity, whether this mechanism extends to variability across space remains elusive. Here we determine the relationship between plant diversity and spatial variability of productivity in 83 grasslands, and quantify the effect of experimentally increased spatial heterogeneity in environmental conditions on this relationship. We found that communities with higher plant species richness (alpha and gamma diversity) have lower spatial variability of productivity as reduced abundance of some species can be compensated for by increased abundance of other species. In contrast, high species dissimilarity among local communities (beta diversity) is positively associated with spatial variability of productivity, suggesting that changes in species composition can scale up to affect productivity. Experimentally increased spatial environmental heterogeneity weakens the effect of plant alpha and gamma diversity, and reveals that beta diversity can simultaneously decrease and increase spatial variability of productivity. Our findings unveil the generality of the diversity-stability theory across space, and suggest that reduced local diversity and biotic homogenization can affect the spatial reliability of key ecosystem functions.
Theory of sigma bond resonance in flat boron materials
Authors: Qiu Lu , Zhang Xiuyun , Kong Xiao , Mitchell Izaac , Yan Tianying , Kim Sung Youb , Yakobson Boris I. , Ding Feng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn chemistry, theory of aromaticity or π bond resonance plays a central role in intuitively understanding the stability and properties of organic molecules. Here we present an analogue theory for σ bond resonance in flat boron materials, which allows us to determine the distribution of two-center two-electron and three-center two-electron bonds without quantum calculations. Based on this theory, three rules are proposed to draw the Kekulé-like bonding configurations for flat boron materials and to explore their properties intuitively. As an application of the theory, a simple explanation of why neutral borophene with ~1/9 hole has the highest stability and the effect of charge doping on borophene’s optimal hole concentration is provided with the assumption of σ and π orbital occupation balance. Like the aromaticity theory for carbon materials, this theory greatly deepens our understanding on boron materials and paves the way for the rational design of various boron-based materials.
Nemacol is a small molecule inhibitor of C. elegans vesicular acetylcholine transporter with anthelmintic potential
Authors: Harrington Sean , Pyche Jacob , Burns Andrew R. , Spalholz Tina , Ryan Kaetlyn T. , Baker Rachel J. , Ching Justin , Rufener Lucien , Lautens Mark , Kulke Daniel , Vernudachi Alexandre , Zamanian Mostafa , Deuther-Conrad Winnie , Brust Peter , Roy Peter J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNematode parasites of humans and livestock pose a significant burden to human health, economic development, and food security. Anthelmintic drug resistance is widespread among parasites of livestock and many nematode parasites of humans lack effective treatments. Here, we present a nitrophenyl-piperazine scaffold that induces motor defects rapidly in the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. We call this scaffold Nemacol and show that it inhibits the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), a target recognized by commercial animal and crop health groups as a viable anthelmintic target. We demonstrate that it is possible to create Nemacol analogs that maintain potent in vivo activity whilst lowering their affinity to the mammalian VAChT 10-fold. We also show that Nemacol enhances the ability of the anthelmintic Ivermectin to paralyze C. elegans and the ruminant nematode parasite Haemonchus contortus. Hence, Nemacol represents a promising new anthelmintic scaffold that acts through a validated anthelmintic target.
Within-host genetic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 lineages in unvaccinated and vaccinated individuals
Authors: Gu Haogao , Quadeer Ahmed Abdul , Krishnan Pavithra , Ng Daisy Y. M. , Chang Lydia D. J. , Liu Gigi Y. Z. , Cheng Samuel M. S. , Lam Tommy T. Y. , Peiris Malik , McKay Matthew R. , Poon Leo L. M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractViral and host factors can shape SARS-CoV-2 evolution. However, little is known about lineage-specific and vaccination-specific mutations that occur within individuals. Here, we analysed deep sequencing data from 2,820 SARS-CoV-2 respiratory samples with different viral lineages to describe the patterns of within-host diversity under different conditions, including vaccine-breakthrough infections. In unvaccinated individuals, variant of Concern (VOC) Alpha, Delta, and Omicron respiratory samples were found to have higher within-host diversity and were under neutral to purifying selection at the full genome level compared to non-VOC SARS-CoV-2. Breakthrough infections in 2-dose or 3-dose Comirnaty and CoronaVac vaccinated individuals did not increase levels of non-synonymous mutations and did not change the direction of selection pressure. Vaccine-induced antibody or T cell responses did not appear to have significant impact on within-host SARS-CoV-2 sequence diversification. Our findings suggest that vaccination does not increase exploration of SARS-CoV-2 protein sequence space and may not facilitate emergence of viral variants.
Generation of third-harmonic spin oscillation from strong spin precession induced by terahertz magnetic near fields
Authors: Zhang Zhenya , Sekiguchi Fumiya , Moriyama Takahiro , Furuya Shunsuke C. , Sato Masahiro , Satoh Takuya , Mukai Yu , Tanaka Koichiro , Yamamoto Takafumi , Kageyama Hiroshi , Kanemitsu Yoshihiko , Hirori Hideki 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe ability to drive a spin system to state far from the equilibrium is indispensable for investigating spin structures of antiferromagnets and their functional nonlinearities for spintronics. While optical methods have been considered for spin excitation, terahertz (THz) pulses appear to be a more convenient means of direct spin excitation without requiring coupling between spins and orbitals or phonons. However, room-temperature responses are usually limited to small deviations from the equilibrium state because of the relatively weak THz magnetic fields in common approaches. Here, we studied the magnetization dynamics in a HoFeO3 crystal at room temperature. A custom-made spiral-shaped microstructure was used to locally generate a strong multicycle THz magnetic near field perpendicular to the crystal surface; the maximum magnetic field amplitude of about 2 T was achieved. The observed time-resolved change in the Faraday ellipticity clearly showed second- and third-order harmonics of the magnetization oscillation and an asymmetric oscillation behaviour. Not only the ferromagnetic vector M but also the antiferromagnetic vector L plays an important role in the nonlinear dynamics of spin systems far from equilibrium.
Oxidation-resistant all-perovskite tandem solar cells in substrate configuration
Authors: Wang Yurui , Lin Renxing , Wang Xiaoyu , Liu Chenshuaiyu , Ahmed Yameen , Huang Zilong , Zhang Zhibin , Li Hongjiang , Zhang Mei , Gao Yuan , Luo Haowen , Wu Pu , Gao Han , Zheng Xuntian , Li Manya , Liu Zhou , Kong Wenchi , Li Ludong , Liu Kaihui , Saidaminov Makhsud I. , Zhang Lijun , Tan Hairen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe commonly-used superstrate configuration (depositing front subcell first and then depositing back subcell) in all-perovskite tandem solar cells is disadvantageous for long-term stability due to oxidizable narrow-bandgap perovskite assembled last and easily exposable to air. Here we reverse the processing order and demonstrate all-perovskite tandems in a substrate configuration (depositing back subcell first and then depositing front subcell) to bury oxidizable narrow-bandgap perovskite deep in the device stack. By using guanidinium tetrafluoroborate additive in wide-bandgap perovskite subcell, we achieve an efficiency of 25.3% for the substrate-configured all-perovskite tandem cells. The unencapsulated devices exhibit no performance degradation after storage in dry air for 1000 hours. The substrate configuration also widens the choice of flexible substrates: we achieve 24.1% and 20.3% efficient flexible all-perovskite tandem solar cells on copper-coated polyethylene naphthalene and copper metal foil, respectively. Substrate configuration offers a promising route to unleash the commercial potential of all-perovskite tandem solar cells.
TRABID overexpression enables synthetic lethality to PARP inhibitor via prolonging 53BP1 retention at double-strand breaks
Authors: Ma Jian , Zhou Yingke , Pan Penglin , Yu Haixin , Wang Zixi , Li Lei Lily , Wang Bing , Yan Yuqian , Pan Yunqian , Ye Qi , Liu Tianjie , Feng Xiaoyu , Xu Shan , Wang Ke , Wang Xinyang , Jian Yanlin , Ma Bohan , Fan Yizeng , Gao Yang , Huang Haojie , Li Lei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract53BP1 promotes nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) over homologous recombination (HR) repair by mediating inactivation of DNA end resection. Ubiquitination plays an important role in regulating dissociation of 53BP1 from DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). However, how this process is regulated remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that TRABID deubiquitinase binds to 53BP1 at endogenous level and regulates 53BP1 retention at DSB sites. TRABID deubiquitinates K29-linked polyubiquitination of 53BP1 mediated by E3 ubiquitin ligase SPOP and prevents 53BP1 dissociation from DSBs, consequently inducing HR defects and chromosomal instability. Prostate cancer cells with TRABID overexpression exhibit a high sensitivity to poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. Our work shows that TRABID facilitates NHEJ repair over HR during DNA repair by inducing prolonged 53BP1 retention at DSB sites, suggesting that TRABID overexpression may predict HR deficiency and the potential therapeutic use of PARP inhibitors in prostate cancer.
Single-cell analysis of peripheral blood from high-altitude pulmonary hypertension patients identifies a distinct monocyte phenotype
Authors: Wu Xin-Hua , He Yang-Yang , Chen Zhang-Rong , He Ze-Yuan , Yan Yi , He Yangzhige , Wang Guang-Ming , Dong Yu , Yang Ying , Sun Yi-Min , Ren Yong-Hong , Zhao Qiu-Yan , Yang Xiao-Dan , Wang Li-Ying , Fu Cai-Jun , He Miao , Zhang Si-Jin , Fu Ji-Fen , Liu Hong , Jing Zhi-Cheng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractImmune and inflammatory responses have an important function in the pathophysiology of pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, little is known about the immune landscape in peripheral circulation in patients with high-altitude pulmonary hypertension (HAPH). We apply single-cell transcriptomics to characterize the monocytes that are significantly enriched in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of HAPH patients. We discover an increase in C1 (non-classical) and C2 (intermediate) monocytes in PBMCs and a decrease in hypoxia-inducible transcription factor-1α (HIF-1α) in all monocyte subsets associated with HAPH. In addition, we demonstrate that similar immune adaptations may exist in HAPH and PH. Overall, we characterize an immune cell atlas of the peripheral blood in HAPH patients. Our data provide evidence that specific monocyte subsets and HIF-1α downregulation might be implicated in the pathogenesis of HAPH.
MYC reshapes CTCF-mediated chromatin architecture in prostate cancer
Authors: Wei Zhao , Wang Song , Xu Yaning , Wang Wenzheng , Soares Fraser , Ahmed Musaddeque , Su Ping , Wang Tingting , Orouji Elias , Xu Xin , Zeng Yong , Chen Sujun , Liu Xiaoyu , Jia Tianwei , Liu Zhaojian , Du Lutao , Wang Yunshan , Chen Shaoyong , Wang Chuanxin , He Housheng Hansen , Guo Haiyang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMYC is a well characterized oncogenic transcription factor in prostate cancer, and CTCF is the main architectural protein of three-dimensional genome organization. However, the functional link between the two master regulators has not been reported. In this study, we find that MYC rewires prostate cancer chromatin architecture by interacting with CTCF protein. Through combining the H3K27ac, AR and CTCF HiChIP profiles with CRISPR deletion of a CTCF site upstream of MYC gene, we show that MYC activation leads to profound changes of CTCF-mediated chromatin looping. Mechanistically, MYC colocalizes with CTCF at a subset of genomic sites, and enhances CTCF occupancy at these loci. Consequently, the CTCF-mediated chromatin looping is potentiated by MYC activation, resulting in the disruption of enhancer-promoter looping at neuroendocrine lineage plasticity genes. Collectively, our findings define the function of MYC as a CTCF co-factor in three-dimensional genome organization.
A machine learning microstructurally predictive framework for the failure of hydrided zirconium alloys
Authors: Hasan Tamir , Capolungo Laurent , Zikry Mohammed 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHydride precipitation within zirconium alloys affects ductility and fracture behavior. The complex distribution of hydrides and their interaction with defects, such as dislocations, have a significant role in crack nucleation and failure. Hence, there is substantial variability in the microstructural behavior of hydrided zirconium. A deterministic fracture model coupled to a dislocation-density based crystalline plasticity approach was used to predict failure. Deterministic simulations were used to develop a database of crack initiation for representative microstructural characteristics, such as texture, crystalline structure, hydride orientations and spacing, and hydride geometry. The machine learning (ML) analysis is based on Extreme Value Theory (EVT) and a Bayesian based Gaussian Process Regression (GPR). Fracture probability is significantly influenced by hydride orientation and dislocation-density interactions. Furthermore, surrogate reduced order models (ROM) models were used to predict the likelihood of failure. This approach provides a ML framework to predict failure at different physical scales.
Effects of deep brain stimulation frequency on eye movements and cognitive control
Authors: Zacharia André , Kaski Diego , Bouthour Walid , Dayal Viswas , Bereau Matthieu , Mahlknecht Philipp , Georgiev Dejan , Péron Julie , Foltynie Tom , Zrinzo Ludvic , Jahanshahi Marjan , Rothwell John , Limousin Patricia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDeep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is an effective treatment for Parkinson’s disease (PD). Varying the frequency DBS has differential effects on axial and distal limb functions, suggesting differing modulation of relevant pathways. The STN is also a critical node in oculomotor and associative networks, but the effect of stimulation frequency on these networks remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effects of 80 hz vs. 130 Hz frequency STN-DBS on eye movements and executive control. Twenty-one STN-DBS PD patients receiving 130 Hz vs. 80 Hz stimulation were compared to a healthy control group (n = 16). All participants were tested twice in a double-blind manner. We examined prosaccades (latency and gain) and antisaccades (latency of correct and incorrect antisaccades, error rate and gain of the correct antisaccades). Executive function was tested with the Stroop task. The motor condition was assessed using Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part III. The antisaccadic error rate was higher in patients (p = 0.0113), more so in patients on 80 Hz compared to 130 Hz (p = 0.001) stimulation. The differences between patients and controls and between frequencies for all other eye-movements or cognitive measures were not statistically significant. We show that 80 Hz STN-DBS in PD reduces the ability to maintain stable fixation but does not alter inhibition, resulting in a higher antisaccade error rate presumably due to less efficient fixation, without altering the motor state. This provides a wider range of stimulation parameters that can reduce specific DBS-related effects without affecting motor outcomes.
3D bioprinting using a new photo-crosslinking method for muscle tissue restoration
Authors: Lee JaeYoon , Lee Hyeongjin , Jin Eun-Ju , Ryu Dongryeol , Kim Geun Hyung 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThree-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a highly effective technique for fabricating cell-loaded constructs in tissue engineering. However, the versatility of fabricating precise and complex cell-loaded hydrogels is limited owing to the poor crosslinking ability of cell-containing hydrogels. Herein, we propose an optic-fiber-assisted bioprinting (OAB) process to efficiently crosslink methacrylated hydrogels. By selecting appropriate processing conditions for the photo-crosslinking technique, we fabricated biofunctional cell-laden structures including methacrylated gelatin (Gelma), collagen, and decellularized extracellular matrix. To apply the method to skeletal muscle regeneration, cell-laden Gelma constructs were processed with a functional nozzle having a topographical cue and an OAB process that could induce a uniaxial alignment of C2C12 and human adipose stem cells (hASCs). Significantly higher degrees of cell alignment and myogenic activities in the cell-laden Gelma structure were observed compared with those in the cell construct that was printed using a conventional crosslinking method. Moreover, an in vivo regenerative potential was observed in volumetric muscle defects in a mouse model. The hASC-laden construct significantly induced greater muscle regeneration than the cell construct without topographical cues. Based on the results, the newly designed bioprinting process can prove to be highly effective in fabricating biofunctional cell-laden constructs for various tissue engineering applications.
Baseline high-resolution maps of organic carbon content in Australian soils
Authors: Wadoux Alexandre M. J-C. , Román Dobarco Mercedes , Malone Brendan , Minasny Budiman , McBratney Alex B. , Searle Ross 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe introduce a new dataset of high-resolution gridded total soil organic carbon content data produced at 30 m × 30 m and 90 m × 90 m resolutions across Australia. For each product resolution, the dataset consists of six maps of soil organic carbon content along with an estimate of the uncertainty represented by the 90% prediction interval. Soil organic carbon maps were produced up to a depth of 200 cm, for six intervals: 0–5 cm, 5–15 cm, 15–30 cm, 30–60 cm, 60–100 cm and 100–200 cm. The maps were obtained through interpolation of 90,025 depth-harmonized organic carbon measurements using quantile regression forest and a large set of environmental covariates. Validation with 10-fold cross-validation showed that all six maps had relatively small errors and that prediction uncertainty was adequately estimated. The soil carbon maps provide a new baseline from which change in future carbon stocks can be monitored and the influence of climate change, land management, and greenhouse gas offset can be assessed.
A novel form stable phase change material with comb-like cross-linked polyurethane as supporting skeleton
Authors: Yang Yunyun , Xiong Shenghua , Fu Ju , He Yuanhua , Wu Yi , Xu Yi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTo improve the homogeneity of phase-change materials (PCMs) composites for thermal energy storage, the poly(ethylene glycol monomethyl ether)-based trimethylolpropane (Ymer-N120) with long side ethyoxyl chains is employed to form comb-like polyurethane which functioned as supporting materials for PCMs. And the results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, accelerated thermal cycling testing, thermogravimetric analysis and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) suggested a crosslinked polyurethane embedded with micron grade myristic acid (MA) crystals was prepared during the thermal curing process. The obtained comb-like polyurethane (YP) can provide 3D structure supporting materials for melting MA. And the long side ethyoxyl chain of Ymer-N120 promote the melting MA form micron-sized crystals. The results of thermal reliability testing confirmed the advantages of same methylene groups in side chains and suggested the maximal hold capability of YP crosslinks is about 50 wt% of composites. With the 50 wt% addition of MA, YPM50 can supply high latent heat (over 90 J/g of YPM50) with fine thermal stability (due to its initial decomposing temperature reaches 190 °C) without leakage (after 500 times of accelerated thermal cycling testing). All results indicated this structure supplies an effective solution for the leakage of PCMs, which show a promising application in TES.