bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatio-temporal distribution and environmental influences of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Shandong Province, China
Authors: Duan Qing , Tian Xueying , Pang Bo , Zhang Yuwei , Xiao Chuanhao , Yao Mingxiao , Ding Shujun , Zhang Xiaomei , Jiang Xiaolin , Kou Zengqiang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease discovered in China in 2009. The purpose of this study was to describe the spatiao-temporal distribution of SFTS and to identify its environmental influencing factors and potential high-risk areas in Shandong province of China.
Methods
Data of SFTS incidence from 2010 to 2021 were collected. Spatio-temporal scanning statistic was used to identify the time and area of SFTS clustering. Maximum entropy (MaxEnt) model was used to analyze environmental influences and predict high-risk areas.
Results
From 2010 to 2021, a total of 5705 cases of SFTS were reported in Shandong. The number of SFTS cases increased year by year, with a peak incidence from April to October each year. Spatio-temporal scanning statistic showed the existence of one most likely cluster and two secondary likely clusters in Shandong. The most likely cluster was in the eastern region, from May to October in 2021. The first secondary cluster was in the central region, from May to October in 2021. The second secondary cluster was in the southeastern region, from May to September in 2020. MaxEnt model showed that mean annual wind speed, NDVI, cattle density and annual cumulative precipitation were the key factors influencing the occurrence of SFTS. The predicted risk map showed that the area of high-prevalence, was 28,120 km2, accounting for 18.05% of the total area of the province.
Conclusions
The spatio-temporal distribution of SFTS was heterogeneous and influenced by multidimensional environmental factors. This should be considered as a basis for delineating SFTS risk areas and developing SFTS prevention and control measures.
A molecular atlas of brain neurovascular interactions reveals a spatiotemporal requirement of TGFβ signaling in brain angiogenesis
Authors: Dubrac Alexandre , Bizou Mathilde , Howard Joel , Drape Elise , Chen Mei Xi , Severine Leclerc , Irgolitsch Frans , Boisseau Blanche , Robillard Isabelle , Ruiz Matthieu , Lesage Frederic , Cagnone Gael , Joyal Jean-Sébastien , Andelfinger Gregor 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Neurovascular interactions (NVIs) are critical in establishing vascular patterning, barrier function, and in regulating cerebral blood flow, thereby maintaining neuronal homeostasis and brain health. While developmental programs and neuronal activity play a central role in cerebral cortex angiogenesis during a critical postnatal period, whether cellular heterogeneity causes region-specific angiogenic regulation remains unknown. Here, we combine spatial and endothelial single-cell RNAseq (scRNAseq) transcriptomic analysis to establish a molecular atlas of developing brain regions and a comprehensive list of spatiotemporal-specific NVIs. We find that the thalamic area has a higher vascular density than the other brain regions and our atlas identifies transforming growth factor β (Tgfβ) and Vegfc ligands enrichment in this area during a critical postnatal period. Neonatal endothelial Tgfβr1 deletion (Tgfβr1iEKO) induces vascular malformations and hemorrhages, primarily in the thalamic area. Mechanistically, we show that loss of endothelial TGFβ signaling increases VEGFC-induced AKT/mTOR signaling in vitro and in vivo, and that mTOR inhibitor Rapamycin efficiently inhibits intracerebral bleeding and vascular defects in Tgfβr1iEKO mice. Altogether, our data suggest that spatiotemporal-specific NVIs control brain vascular heterogeneity, which extends our knowledge of region-specific cerebrovascular development and will benefit our understanding of neurovascular disorders.
A repeated cross-sectional study of the association of community health worker intervention with the maternal continuum of care in rural Liberian communities.
Authors: Blizzard Sam , Dennis Mardieh , Subah Marion , Tehoungue Bentoe , Zizi Romax , Kraemer John D. , White Emily , Hirschhorn Lisa R. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The maternal continuum of care (CoC) (antenatal care, facility-based delivery, postnatal care) is critical to maternal and neonatal health and reducing mortality, but completion in rural areas of low- and middle-income countries is often limited. We used repeated cross-sectional household surveys from a rural Liberian county to explore changes in rates of completion of all steps and no steps in the maternal CoC after implementation of the National Community Health Assistant Program (NCHAP), a community health worker (CHW) intervention designed to increase care uptake for families over five kilometers from a facility.
Methods
We analyzed repeated cross-sectional household surveys of women of childbearing age served by NCHAP in Rivercess County, Liberia. We measured survey-weighted, before-to-after implementation difference in completion of all steps and no steps in the maternal CoC. We used multivariable regression to explore covariates associated with completion rates before and after NCHAP implementation.
Results
Three timepoints (2015, n = 354; 2018, n = 312; 2021, n = 302) were analyzed. A significant increase in completing the full maternal CoC (2015:23.6%, 2018:53.4%, change:29.7 percentage points (pp), 95% confidence interval (CI) [21.0,38.4]) and a decrease in completing no steps in the CoC (2015:17.6%, 2018:4.0%, change: -12.4pp [-17.6, -7.2]) after implementation of NCHAP were observed from 2015 to 2018, with rates maintained from 2018 to 2021. Following the NCHAP implementation, only higher maternal education was negatively associated with completion of the CoC (adjusted odds ratio (aOR:0.57, 95% CI [0.34, 0.93]) and living twenty kilometers or more from a facility was associated with completing no steps (aOR:7.64 [1.87, 31.26]). Wealth was significantly associated with differences in rates pre-NCHAP but not post-NCHAP.
Conclusions
Following NCHAP implementation, completion rate of the full maternal CoC in Rivercess County more than doubled while the rate of completing no steps in the continuum fell below 5%. These rates were sustained over time including during COVID-19 with reduced differences across wealth groups, although very far distance remained a risk for no steps. CHW programs providing active outreach to pregnant women distant from facilities can be important tools for improving uptake of interventions and reducing risk of no formal care during and after pregnancy.
Leveraging Accreditation to Advance Diversity in Health Professions Education: Is Institutional Support the Missing Link?
Authors: Fleming Shani , Kulo Violet , Andrew Stakem , Gordes Karen , Jun Hyun-Jin , Ludemean Emilie , Cawley James , Kayingo Gerald 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Shortages of underrepresented groups in the US health professions are widening, necessitating a diverse health workforce to increase access to quality care, patient satisfaction, and treatment adherence. Health workforce diversity is crucial for addressing health disparities and advancing health equity. However, in the physician assistant (PA) profession, over 80% of certified PAs are white, and only 3.3% are Black/African American. Accreditation, as a critical quality assurance mechanism, has the potential to ensure diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI). In 2019, the Accreditation Review Commission-Physician Assistant (ARC-PA) introduced Standard A1.11, which required sponsoring institutions to demonstrate commitment to DEI. This qualitative study aims to examine the impact of this standard on diversity and inclusion in the PA profession and explore challenges faced by programs in compliance.
Methods
This three-phase exploratory qualitative study first collected and reviewed diversity standards in accreditation manuals across health professions; secondly, data on the frequency of ARC-PA citations related to diversity were gathered; lastly, participants were recruited through maximum variation sampling for semi-structured interviews. A sample of 56 individuals with diverse backgrounds were interviewed. Two research team members analyzed the transcription of interviews using common validation strategies to increase the trustworthiness of the findings, including peer debriefing, reflexivity, triangulation of researchers, and interviewing until saturation was reached.
Results
All six health professions organizations addressed DEI through at least one accreditation standard. Most institutions were already engaged in diversity efforts before the inception of standard A1.11. Interview participants were mainly female (52%), White (74%), and predominately program directors (65%). Participants were from various geographic regions and institution types, program affiliations, and differing accreditation statuses. Four major themes emerged from the data: institutional support, early pipeline development, increase faculty first or the students, and local context. Institutional support and focus on pipeline development were the most dominant themes. Between June 2020 and March 2023, 16 DEI citations on Standard A1.11 were levied on seven programs.
Conclusions
The inclusion of Standard A1.11 in the ARC-PA Standards and the focus on diversity by other accrediting bodies signifies the growing recognition of DEI in healthcare education. Institutions can advance DEI in the PA profession by leveraging accreditation-related activities through leadership, partnerships, and accountability measures.
Environmental DNA integrity index is sensitive for species biomass estimation in freshwater
Authors: GE Qinyu , Li Zhihui , Yang Yuwei , Shi Huajuan , Zhang Junyi , Pan Min , Sun Beili , Bai Yunfei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Environmental DNA (eDNA) from aquatic vertebrates has recently been used to estimate the presence of a species. However, the estimation accuracy is affected by the degradation rate of eDNA. In this study, eDNA integrity index (eDI) was introduced to adjust eDNA concentration for carp biomass estimation. The adjusted eDNA concentration was defined as biomass index (BI). The degradation rate of eDNA was studied by simulation experiment, tank and pond experiment successively. The eDNA concentration decreasing slowly after the species was removed while eDI changed rapidly in all experiments. eDI decreased to closely zero in two days while eDNA remained detectable for more than one month. The temperature was found to have no significant effect on eDI. Although the eDNA concentration and BI were both positively correlated with carp biomass in all experiments, BI showed higher correlation (R2>0.95), was more sensitive to biomass changes, and accurate for carp biomass estimation. We used this method to estimate the biomass of carp in a fishpond successfully, which suggested that accurate biomass data can reflect the potential distribution of common carp in the natural environment. It offers a non-invasive, simple, rapid, and accurate method for biomass estimation.
Ant Colony Transmission Method Parallel Deployment for Wireless Sensor Network Optimization in a Multiobjective Routing Protocol
Authors: Chandra B Ravi , Roy Ajay , Chakraborty Somenath , Kumar Krishan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe commonly used wireless sensor networks need more efficient routing to preserve the harmony of the performance characteristics and to defend against security assaults. These networks are equipped with sensing, processing, and communication capabilities. Although the used cryptographic techniques were efficient, they required more energy for authentication, encryption, and decryption. As a result, the paper proposes routing that addresses security issues while minimizing energy use, delay, and Prefetching-aware Data Replication (PDR) failures and maximizing network longevity. This multiobjective networking issue for networks of sensors is resolved utilising ant colony networking methods while keeping energy consumption in view and extending the life of sensor networks by taking into account the nodes' remaining power, their distance from one another, and their private data. The suggested routing strategy outperforms existing methods in terms of energy usage, PDR, the longevity of networks of sensors, and the rate of safety improvement, according to a subsequent performance study carried out utilizing the network simulator 2.
AAV capsid bioengineering in primary human retina
Authors: Westhaus Adrian , Eamegdool Steven S. , Fernando Milan , Fuller-Carter Paula , Brunet Alicia A , Rashwan Rabab , Knight Maddison , Daniszewski Maciej , Lidgerwood Grace E. , Pébay Alice , Hewitt Alex , Santilli Giorgia , Thrasher Adrian J. , Carvalho Livia S , Gonzalez-Cordero Anai , Jamieson Robyn V , Lisowski Leszek 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector-mediated retinal gene therapy is an active field of both pre-clinical as well as clinical research. As with other gene therapy clinical targets, novel bioengineered AAV variants developed by directed evolution or rational design to possess unique desirable properties, are entering retinal gene therapy translational programs. However, it is becoming increasingly evident that predictive preclinical models are required to develop and functionally validate these novel AAVs prior to clinical studies. To this end, this study performed a large high-throughput screen of 51 existing AAV capsids in primary human retina explants and other models of the human retina. Furthermore, we applied transgene expression-based directed evolution to develop novel capsids for more efficient transduction of primary human retina cells and compared the top variants to the strongest existing benchmarks identified in the screening described above. A direct side-by-side comparison of the newly developed capsids in four different in vitro and ex vivo model systems of the human retina allowed us to identify novel AAV variants capable of high transgene expression in primary human retina cells.
Stability analysis of a rotor with crack and nonlinear stiffness by perturbation method
Authors: Kim Yun-Sam , Kim Jun-Sok , Ryom Chol-Ung 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The vibration of the cracked rotor differs greatly from that of the uncracked rotor, resulting in unstable phenomena.
The nonlinear stiffness of the support is distinctly appeared in a rotor which operates at the high rotating speed. The equations of motion of the Jeffcott rotor were established to reflect the effect of crack and nonlinear stiffness of the support in a cracked rotor and those first approximate solutions were found by using the perturbation method.
The stability evaluation of the first approximation system shows that the greater the crack parameter, the greater the instability and the pitchfork and double bifurcations occur.
The occurrence of chaotic vibrations was evaluated with Lyapunov exponent and the existence of the chaotic vibration was analyzed with the fractal dimension in the rotor with the crack and the nonlinear stiffness.
Incidence of postoperative complications is underestimated if outcome data are recorded by interns and first year residents in a low volume hospital setting
Authors: Raguz Ivana , Meissner Thomas , Ahlen Christine , Clavien Pierre Alain , Bueter Marco , Thalheimer Andreas 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Quality of outcome measurement in a district hospital is poor if done by unexperienced residents and significantly underestimates the true complication rate. Outcome measurement must be done or supervised by experienced surgeons to ensure correct and reliable outcome data.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of outcome reporting after elective visceral surgery in a low volume district hospital.
Outcome measurement as well as transparent reporting of surgical complications becomes more and more important. In the future, financial and personal resources may be distributed due to reported quality and thus, it is in the main interest of healthcare providers that outcome data are accurately collected.
Between 10/ 2020 and 09/ 2021 postoperative complications during the hospitalisation were recorded using the Clavien - Dindo classification (CDC) and comprehensive complication index (CCIâ) by residents of a surgical department in a district hospital. After one year of prospective data collection, data were retrospectively analyzed and re-evaluated for accuracy by senior consultant surgeons.
In 575 patients undergoing elective general or visceral surgery interns and residents reported an overall rate of patients with complications of 7.3% (n=42) during the hospitalization phase, whereas a rate of 18.3% (n=105) was revealed after retrospective analysis by senior consultant surgeons. Thus, residents failed to report postoperative complications in 60% of cases (63/105). In the 42 cases, in which complications were initially reported, the grading of complications was correct only in 33.3% of cases (n=14). Complication grades that were most missed were CDC grade I and II.
Subtle outer retinal and choroidal alterations in patients at high risk of progression to AMD
Authors: Bao Lulu , Liu Hui , Ying Haihang , Wang Xiaomin , Wu Miaoqin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

AIM
To explore the changes in the microstructure and blood supply of the outer retina in eyes at high risk of progression to age–related macular degeneration (AMD).
METHODS
Forty-seven patients of unilateral neovascular AMD (nAMD) were enrolled, twenty-two of the healthy contralateral eyes were considered at high risk of progression to AMD (Group1), the other twenty-five eyes were of dry AMD (Group2). Fifty healthy subjects (50 eyes) were enrolled as control. Swept-source optical coherence tomography equipped with angiovue was used to obtain three-dimensional retinal thickness maps, microvascular images of the superficial and deep retinal capillary plexuses (SCP and DCP) around the macula and choroid vessel index (CVI). Quantitative analyze was automatically calculated by inbuilt algorithm in the SS-OCT.
RESULTS
Compared to the controls, the densities of the SCP and DCP tend to decrease in Group2 without significance in all regions (P > 0.05). However, the CVI of patients in S and T regions was significantly decrease compared to the controls (P < 0.05). The outer retinal thickness of the Group1 trend to be increased without significance compared to the controls, while the Group2 in the C, S and T regions were significantly decreased compared to the controls and Group1. Meanwhile, compared to the controls, the thickness of total retina and choroid of the Group2 were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The outer retinal thickness was significantly correlated to choroidal thickness in AMD patients.
CONCLUSION
Significantly thinning of outer retina and choroid were observed in patients with dry AMD. For eyes at high risk of progression to AMD, the outer retinal thickness trend to be increased while the choroidal thickness and CVI trend to be decreased. SS-OCT might be useful in evaluating the microstructural and blood supply disorders of the outer retinal layers in healthy eyes of unilateral nAMD patients, which might be a quantitative approach to identify the earliest progression of AMD.
Gibberellic Acid's Role in Bud Break Dynamics Among Mulberry Genotypes with Distinct Growth Patterns
Authors: Thomas Tinu , Patil Shivasharanappa , S Shridhar , Nataraja Karaba 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Bud break in mulberry, a crucial process for foliage production, remains poorly understood. This study aimed to uncover its underlying mechanism. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the significance of starch metabolism in buds. Considering gibberellic acid's (GA) role in starch hydrolysis, we investigated GA's contribution to bud break via exogenous application to single-node cuttings, potted plants, and field-grown ones. GA3 treatment prompted early bud break in cuttings and induced uniformity (45.30%) in potted plants, countering apical dominance versus the control (19.26%). GA3's impact was reflected in the upregulated expression of cell cycle regulators, callose degradation enzymes, carbohydrate metabolism, and redox homeostasis genes. These findings emphasize GA's pivotal role in regulating mulberry bud break. Furthermore, the assessment of bud break in mulberry genotypes with diverse growth habits highlighted early bud break in the high-growth genotype. Augmenting GA3 in the low-growth genotype aligned its bud break timing with the high-growth one. This emphasizes the influence of endogenous GA levels on distinct bud break patterns. Breeding mulberry genotypes with higher GA content in buds emerges as a viable strategy to overcome apical dominance, and enhance bud break and foliage yield.
Quantifying iodine concentration in the normal bowel wall using dual-energy CT: Influence of Patient and Contrast Characteristics.
Authors: Nehnahi Majida , Piton Gael , Camelin Camille , Ronot Maxime , Delabrousse Éric , Calame Paul , Simon gabriel , moinet romain 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to establish quantitative references of bowel wall iodine concentration (BWIC) using DECT.
Methods: This single-center retrospective study included 248 patients with no history of gastrointestinal disease who underwent abdominal contrast-enhanced DECT between January and April 2022. The BWIC was normalized by the iodine concentration of upper abdominal organs (BWICorgan,) and the iodine concentration of the aorta (BWICaorta)
Results: BWIC decreased from the stomach to the rectum (mean 2.16±0.63 vs. 2.19±0.63 vs. 2.1±0.58 vs. 1.67±0.47 vs. 1.31±0.4 vs. 1.18±0.34 vs. 0.94±0.26 mgI/mL for the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, right colon, left colon and rectum, respectively; P < 0.001). By multivariate analysis, BWIC was associated with a higher BMI (OR:1.01, 95%CI: 1.00–1.02, P < 0.001) and with a higher injected contrast dose (OR:1.51; 95%CI: 1.36–1.66, P < 0.001 and 2.06; 95%CI:1.88–2.26, P < 0.001 for 500 mgI/kg and 600 mgI/kg doses taking 400 mgI/kg dose as reference). The BWICorgan was shown independent from patients and contrast-related variables while the BWICaorta was not.
Conclusion: BWIC concentration vary according to bowel segments and is dependent on the total iodine dose injected. It shall be normalized with the IC of the upper abdominal organs.