bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Systematic Examination of Actor and Trainee Interviewer Behaviour during Joint Investigative Interviewing Training
Authors: Nicol Annabelle , Szojka Zsofia A. , Watkins Christopher D. , Gabbert Fiona , La Rooy David 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study is the first systematic examination of trainee interviewer and actor behaviour during Joint Investigative Interviewing Training (JIIT) simulations across two training sites in Scotland. As expected, interviewers were poor at adhering to best practice interview guidelines in the pre-substantive and closure phases of the interviews. Although invitations were used within the range of best practice, they were not used more often and did not elicit more allegation-related details than directive questions. Critically, actors’ responses to invitations were less informative than their responses to all other question types. Furthermore, large differences were observed between the two training sites in the number of questions asked and amount of information elicited by interviewers. Our results show that (1) trainee interviewers are not utilising simulations to practice all required interviewing skills, (2) adult actors are not reinforcing interviewers’ use of invitations as intended, and (3) trainee interviewers are not being afforded the same opportunities to practice their skills due to variation in resources across Scotland. We recommend improvements to the JIIT programme to address these concerns.
Chrysin Encapsulated Copper Nanoparticles with Low Dose of Gamma Radiation Elicit Tumor Cell Death Through p38 MAPK/NF-κB Pathways
Authors: Abdelhakm Lubna O. , Kandil Eman I. , Mansour Somaya Z. , El-Sonbaty Sawsan M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractImproving radiation effect on tumor cells using radiosensitizers is gaining traction for improving chemoradiotherapy. This study aimed to evaluate copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) synthesized using chrysin as radiosensitizer with γ-radiation on biochemical and histopathological approaches in mice bearing Ehrlich solid tumor. CuNPs were characterized with irregular round sharp shape with size range of 21.19–70.79 nm and plasmon absorption at 273 nm. In vitro study on MCF-7 cells detected cytotoxic effect of CuNPs with IC50of 57.2 ± 3.1 μg. In vivo study was performed on mice transplanted with Ehrlich solid tumor (EC). Mice were injected with CuNPs (0.67 mg/kg body weight) and/or exposed to low dose of gamma radiation (0.5 Gy). EC mice exposed to combined treatment of CuNPs and radiation showed a marked reduction in tumor volume, ALT and CAT, creatinine, calcium, and GSH, along with elevation in MDA, caspase-3 in parallel with inhibition of NF-κB, p38 MAPK, and cyclin D1gene expression. Comparing histopathological findings of treatment groups ends that combined treatment was of higher efficacy, showing tumor tissue regression and increase in apoptotic cells. In conclusion, CuNPs with a low dose of gamma radiation showed more powerful ability for tumor suppression via promoting oxidative state, stimulating apoptosis, and inhibiting proliferation pathway through p38MAPK/NF-κB and cyclinD1.
RUNX2 promotes the suppression of osteoblast function and enhancement of osteoclast activity by multiple myeloma cells
Authors: Huang Beihui , Liu Huixin , Chan Szehoi , Liu Junru , Gu Jingli , Chen Meilan , Kuang Lifen , Li Xiaozhe , Zhang Xingding , Li Juan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRUNX2 is a transcription factor that participates in osteoblast differentiation and chondrocyte maturation and plays an important role in the invasion and metastasis of cancers. With the deepening of research, evidence has indicated the correlation between RUNX2 and bone destruction in cancers. However, the mechanisms underlying its role in multiple myeloma remain unclear. By observing the induction effects of conditioned medium from myeloma cells on preosteoblasts (MC3T3-E1) and preosteoclasts (RAW264.7) and constructing myeloma-bearing mice, we found that RUNX2 promotes bone destruction in multiple myeloma. In vitro, conditioned medium from RUNX2-overexpressing myeloma cells reduced osteoblast activity and increased osteoclast activity. In vivo, RUNX2 expression was positively correlated with bone loss in myeloma-bearing mice. These results suggest that therapeutic inhibition of RUNX2 may protect against bone destruction by maintaining the balance between osteoblast and osteoclast activity in multiple myeloma.
TR-FRET-Based Immunoassay to Measure Ataxin-2 as a Target Engagement Marker in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2
Authors: Bux Jessica , Sen Nesli Ece , Klink Isa-Maria , Hauser Stefan , Synofzik Matthis , Schöls Ludger , Auburger Georg , Riess Olaf , Hübener-Schmid Jeannette 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSpinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) is an autosomal dominantly inherited neurodegenerative disease, which belongs to the trinucleotide repeat disease group with a CAG repeat expansion in exon 1 of the ATXN2 gene resulting in an ataxin-2 protein with an expanded polyglutamine (polyQ)-stretch. The disease is late manifesting leading to early death. Today, therapeutic interventions to cure the disease or even to decelerate disease progression are not available yet. Furthermore, primary readout parameter for disease progression and therapeutic intervention studies are limited. Thus, there is an urgent need for quantifiable molecular biomarkers such as ataxin-2 becoming even more important due to numerous potential protein-lowering therapeutic intervention strategies. The aim of this study was to establish a sensitive technique to measure the amount of soluble polyQ-expanded ataxin-2 in human biofluids to evaluate ataxin-2 protein levels as prognostic and/or therapeutic biomarker in SCA2. Time-resolved fluorescence energy transfer (TR-FRET) was used to establish a polyQ-expanded ataxin-2-specific immunoassay. Two different ataxin-2 antibodies and two different polyQ-binding antibodies were validated in three different concentrations and tested in cellular and animal tissue as well as in human cell lines, comparing different buffer conditions to evaluate the best assay conditions. We established a TR-FRET-based immunoassay for soluble polyQ-expanded ataxin-2 and validated measurements in human cell lines including iPSC-derived cortical neurons. Additionally, our immunoassay was sensitive enough to monitor small ataxin-2 expression changes by siRNA or starvation treatment. We successfully established the first sensitive ataxin-2 immunoassay to measure specifically soluble polyQ-expanded ataxin-2 in human biomaterials.
The professional bodies of VET teachers in the context of simulation-based training for vocational learning
Authors: Ahn Song-ee , Nyström Sofia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIt is argued that the use of high-fidelity simulators is educationally effective, since students are able to work more independently and can better control their learning. Therefore, simulations can be used as a teaching method to facilitate and ease teachers’ work situations. This raises questions as to whether teachers’ professional bodies are a bounded physicality, or whether we can understand teachers’ professional bodies in practice in terms of enactments? This article analyses and discusses the enactment of VET teachers’ professional bodies in the context of vocational and simulation-based training. The empirical material is based on ethnographic observations in three classes in two different vocational education programmes at two upper secondary schools in Sweden. Three different cases are presented and analysed as examples of how VET teachers’ professional bodies are enacted. Guided by a practice theory perspective (Schatzki, T. R. Social practices: a Wittgensteinian approach to human activity and the social (1996), Schatzki, T. R. The site of the social: A philosophical account of the constitution of social life and change (2002), Schatzki, T. R. & Natter, W. Sociocultural bodies, bodies sociopolitical. In T. R.Schatzki & W. Natter (Eds.), The social and political body (1996), the study shows that VET teachers’ professional bodies are enacted in multiples, distributed, and delegated in an interplay between the teachers, the students, the simulator, and its material set-up. In these enactments of professional bodies, VET teachers embody both a teacher identity and a previous vocational identity, which they perform simultaneously depending on the educational situation.
Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress and Persistent Organic Pollutants in Plasma and Eggs of Chelonia mydas Nesting in the Southern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Rivas-Hernández Gerardo , Rodríguez-Fuentes Gabriela , Noreña-Barroso Elsa , Cobos-Gasca Víctor 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe major nesting sites for the endangered green turtle (Chelonia mydas) are in Campeche, Mexico: Carmen, Isla Aguada, and Sabancuy. Although they are in a natural reserve, these nesting sites are threatened by agricultural activities and oil extraction. This study aimed to determine the presence and concentration of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in plasma and eggs and to assess the antioxidant response in plasma of nesting C. mydas from the southern Gulf of Mexico. Using censored statistics allowed us to do a realistic calculation incorporating the presence of non-detects in the analysis. A few contaminants (α+β+γ-HCH, trans-chlordane, 4,4′-DDE, 4,4′-DDT, methoxychlor, naphthalene, acenaphthylene, 2-Bromo naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, and dibenz[a,h]anthracene) were detected in plasma and their corresponding eggs, but correlations were not-significant. Spatial differences in concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) among nesting sites may reflect differences in foraging areas. Approximately 30% of the POPs in plasma and 60% of the POPs in eggs correlated with the biomarkers of oxidative stress. Detection of POPs in C. mydas indicated that plasma and eggs are suitable matrices to assess POPs concentrations.
Hepatic perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa): contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) characteristics—a case report and literature review
Authors: Matrood Sami , Görg Christian , Safai Zadeh Ehsan , Alhyari Amjad 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPerivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComa) are rare mesenchymal neoplasms that arise from soft tissue of various organs such as the stomach, intestines, and lungs. We report a rare case of a primary PEComa of the liver and its characteristics on contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in a 51-year-old female patient with an incidental finding of a hypoechoic liver lesion with peripheral hypervascularization on Doppler ultrasound. CEUS showed homogenous hypervascularity in the arterial phase that was consistent in the portal phase. In the late phase, a central washout phenomenon was evident. Histopathologic findings on sonographic biopsy of the lesion revealed a mesenchymal tumor with positivity for melanocytic markers Human Melanin Black-45 (HMB45) and Melan-A consistent with a PEComa. Despite the absence of high-risk features for malignancy, surgical resection was recommended due to the uncertain malignant potential of PEComas. The patient refused the operation and preferred sonographic follow-up; the lesion was stable over a period of 2 years. CEUS can provide valuable information regarding PEComa. After histological confirmation, the choice between resection and a watchful waiting must be made on individual basis.
A Systematic Literature Review of Decision-Making and Control Systems for Autonomous and Social Robots
Authors: Maroto-Gómez Marcos , Alonso-Martín Fernando , Malfaz María , Castro-González Álvaro , Castillo José Carlos , Salichs Miguel Ángel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the last years, considerable research has been carried out to develop robots that can improve our quality of life during tedious and challenging tasks. In these contexts, robots operating without human supervision open many possibilities to assist people in their daily activities. When autonomous robots collaborate with humans, social skills are necessary for adequate communication and cooperation. Considering these facts, endowing autonomous and social robots with decision-making and control models is critical for appropriately fulfiling their initial goals. This manuscript presents a systematic review of the evolution of decision-making systems and control architectures for autonomous and social robots in the last three decades. These architectures have been incorporating new methods based on biologically inspired models and Machine Learning to enhance these systems’ possibilities to developed societies. The review explores the most novel advances in each application area, comparing their most essential features. Additionally, we describe the current challenges of software architecture devoted to action selection, an analysis not provided in similar reviews of behavioural models for autonomous and social robots. Finally, we present the future directions that these systems can take in the future.
Trends of obesity and overweight among children and adolescents in China
Authors: Hong Ye , Ullah Rahim , Wang Jian-Bing , Fu Jun-Fen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Recent decades have shown a rapid increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Chinese children based on several national surveys. Restrictions due to the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak have worsened its epidemiology. This review updates the trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Chinese children and adolescents and analyzes the underlying reasons to provide evidence for better policy making.

Methods
Studies published in English and Chinese were retrieved from PubMed, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang.

Results
The prevalence of overweight and obesity has been increasing for decades and varies with age, sex and geography but is more pronounced in primary school students. The increase in obesity in boys appeared to be slower, whereas that in girls showed a declining trend. The northern areas of China have persistently maintained the highest levels of obesity with a stable trend in recent years. Meanwhile, the prevalence in eastern regions has dramatically increased. Notably, the overall prevalence of obesity in children has shown a stabilizing trend in recent years. However, the occurrence of obesity-related metabolic diseases increased. The effect of migrants floating into east-coast cities should not be neglected.

Conclusions
The high prevalence of overweight and obesity among Chinese children and adolescents persists but with varying patterns. Obesity-related metabolic diseases occur more frequently despite a stable trend of obesity. Multiple factors are responsible for the changing prevalence. Thus, comprehensive and flexible policies are needed to effectively manage and prevent the burden of obesity and its related complications.
Dickinsonia tenuis reported by Retallack et al. 2021 is not a fossil, instead an impression of an extant ‘fallen beehive’
Authors: Pandey S.K. , Ahmad Shamim , Sharma Mukund 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Dickinsonia tenuis, an important Ediacaran element, reported from the Maihar Sandstone by Retallack et al. (2021) was reexamined in the field to ascertain the biogenicity of the purported fossils. Field observations, outcrop features, and laboratory analyses (XRD, Raman Spectroscopy) do not support the biogenicity and syngenecity of reported objects. Based on this discovery, the inferences drawn about the age of the Maihar Sandstone and the palaeogeographic position of India are therefore considered invalid. Indian Dickinsonia specimen described by Retallack et al. (2021) is a left-over impression of a fallen beehive which is further proved by the detailed Raman Spectroscopy and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analyses.
A Climatic Surprise – Slope Instability Triggered by Heavy Rain in Maldevta Region, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, on 20 August, 2022
Authors: Sain Kalachand , Mehta Manish , Kumar Vinit , Gupta Vikram , Chauhan Pankaj 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The Himalayan states are familiar with the adverse impact of extreme events like excessive precipitations, which lead to floods, flash floods, landslides, debris flow, avalanches, etc. hence the disasters. The Uttarakhand (UK) state in the Himalaya experiences a great loss of lives, livestock, properties, and natural wealth due to such calamities. On the night of 19 August 2022 (10:15 PM) and early morning of 20 August 2022 (02:15 AM), heavy rain together with a cloud burst triggered flash floods in the Maldevta area of the Dehradun district, which led to large-scale destruction of the area. A prolonged heavy downpouring on 20 August 2022 at Maldevta and surrounding areas damaged the channel and bank of the Song and Baldi rivers for a 15 km stretch between Sarkhet and Thano, and completely washed away Sarkhet (807 m asl), Kumalta (787 m asl) and lower portion of Maldevta town (723 m asl).
Petrochemistry, Petrogenesis and Geodynamic Implications of Mantle Plume Generated Dhanjori Volcanics, Singhbhum Craton (Eastern India)
Authors: Dwivedi S.K. , Tripathi Priyanka , Parthasarathy G. , Jafri S.H. , Satyanarayanan M. , Pandey O.P. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
New geological and geochemical data have been presented in this paper to improve the understanding of the petrogenesis and regional geodynamic evolution of the 2.8-2.5 Ga Dhanjori volcanics. These volcanics exhibit porphyritic texture and classified as picritic basalt. The Dhanjori volcanics are MgO-rich (9.97 - 15.81 wt%) with moderate SiO2 (51.62 - 53.82 wt%), FeOT (9.97- 12.57 wt%) and TiO2 (0.73 -1.21 wt%) but relatively higher Ni (123.56 - 545.35 ppm) and Cr (241.87- 1158.41). The rare earth element (REE) patterns and their ratios indicate their derivation from the garnet to spinel stability field due to decompressive melting of a mantle plume head near the crust-mantle boundary, which is supported by the presence of high positive gravity anomaly over the Dhanjori lavas. The thermo-barometric studies indicate that the primary magma had an initial mantle potential temperature between 1350 and 1500oC in a pressure range of 1 to 1.8 GPa, thus conforming with the mantle origin, which is further endorsed by supplementary geophysical studies.
Role of Depleted-MORB Mantle in the Genesis of Basalts from the Neoarchean Eastern Felsic Volcanic Terrane of the Sandur Greenstone belt, Dharwar Craton, India
Authors: Harshitha Reddy G. , Manikyamba C. , Dhanakumar Singh Th. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The mafic volcanic rocks from the eastern felsic volcanic terrane (EFVT) of the Neoarchean Sandur greenstone belt of Western Dharwar Craton (WDC) are studied to evaluate their geochemical characteristics and tectonic implications. Characterised as sub-alkaline, tholeiitic basalts, they display moderate SiO2 (49.82-53.74 wt.%), Al2O3 (9.08-15.91 wt.%), TiO2 (0.25-0.66 wt.%) and total alkalies (Na2O+K2O= 0.60-3.97 wt.%) with Mg# ranging from 37-55 at low Cr (7-33 ppm), Ni (8-24 ppm) and V (252-612 ppm). Their rare earth and trace element patterns are coherent exhibiting moderate fractionation (La/Yb=0.16-1.09), slight negative Eu anomalies indicating limited plagioclase fractionation (Eu/Eu*= 0.69-0.96), negative Nb, Ta, Ti and Zr-Hf anomalies revealing their arc signatures. The Nb-Th and Zr-Y relationships of these basalts suggest their derivation from the partial melting of depleted mantle in an intra-oceanic arc setting. Trace element modelling of these basalts indicates their genesis by ~15% partial melting of depleted MORB-mantle and depletion of the source is attributed to previous melting events. These basalts are geochemically similar with the depleted arc and forearc basalts of the Phanerozoic Tonga and Izu-Bonin-Mariana arcs emphasising the operation of analogous tectonic processes during the Archean era.
Origin of Alteration Patterns in Accessory Chromites from the Kudada Metaperidotites, East Singhbhum District (Jharkhand, India)
Authors: Banerjee Ratul , Biswas Bijay K. , Mondal Sisir K. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The metamorphosed ultramafic-mafic bodies of the Kudada area are located close to the Singhbhum Shear Zone (SSZ) in eastern India, where the major rock types are talc-magnesite schist and serpentinite with accessory chromite and magnetite veins. The ultramafic bodies and associated metavolcanic rocks are part of the northern extension of the Early Archean Gorumahisani greenstone belt and belong to the Iron Ore Group (IOG) supracrustal sequence. This study reveals intense compositional variability in accessory chromites of serpentinite with core composition of chromites are characterized by the variable Cr# [Cr/(Cr+Al)] = 0.53 - 0.82 and Mg# [Mg/(Mg+Fe2+)] = 0.01 - 0.17. Compositional variability on the scale of a single chromite grain occurs in the form of multi-stage zoning. To identify the patterns of compositional zoning, chromites of serpentinite are subdivided into four types depending on their grain size, reflectivity of different rims, intensity of fracture, and porosity, and supported by in-situ mineral chemistry. The type-I chromites are less fractured and non-porous variety showing the outermost chrome magnetite rim envelops the inner ferritchromit rim. Porosity is mainly developed in the type-II grains where the inner ferritchromit is formed surrounding the pore spaces. The type-III chromites are small clustered grains having ferritchromit core and chrome magnetite rim while the type-IV grains are completely altered to chrome magnetite. Textural relations and mineral chemistry indicate that metamorphism and activities of H2O and CO2-rich hydrothermal fluids during tectonic evolution of the Singhbhum Shear Zone (SSZ) might have caused these zoning patterns and compositional variabilities in accessory chromites of the Kudada area. Cation exchange between chromite and silicate minerals along with intra-grain cation diffusion within different Cr-spinel zones further intensified these processes.
Efficacy of Landslide Susceptibility Maps Prepared Using Different Bivariate Methods: Case Study from Mussoorie Township, Garhwal Himalaya
Authors: Gupta Vikram , Ram Pratap , Tandon Ruchika S , Vishwakarma Neeraj 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Four bivariate methods viz frequency ratio, weight of evidence, Yule’s coefficients and information value were utilized for the preparation of the landslide susceptibility map of the hilly township of Mussoorie. Two scenarios, one with partitioning landslide inventory prepared till 2019 with 70% landslides, and another with all the active landslides till 2019 were used for the preparation of landslide susceptibility maps. In order to understand the efficacy and the reliability of each of the bivariate approach used under both the scenarios, the maps thus obtained were overlaid with the landslides that occurred in the area during excessive rainfall of 2020. It has been noted that the landslide susceptibility maps prepared using four different bivariate methods exhibit more or less similar results, nevertheless of all the four methods used, information value method indicate that more than twice the area (~38%) fall in high and very high landslide susceptible zones in scenario-I. The scenario-II exhibits higher percentage of area falling in high and very high landslide susceptible zones for all the methods as compared to scenario-I, still the Information value indicate the highest percent of area ( ~31%) falling in the high and very high landslide susceptibility zones. The validation of the maps prepared using scenario-I exhibit 58-75% of the 2020 landslides occur in high and very high landslide susceptibility zones, whereas in scenario-II, 57-72% of the 2020 landslides falls in high and very high landslide susceptibility zones. Finally the weight of evidence method and information value method indicate the higher prediction accuracy under both the scenarios