bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterisation of new animal cell cultures’ sensitivity to <i>Coxsackievirus B5</i> and <i>Herpes simplex virus‑1</i>
Authors: Zakharova Yu. A. , Ostapchuk A. V. , Wasielewski W. W. , Fedotova O. S. , Shmeleva N. A. 
Published: April 2023

The increase in the number of cell cultures for virology and biotechnology enhances the chances of a successful response to threats related to outbreaks of well-known and new human infectious diseases. It is a vital task to search for cell cultures sensitive to a wide spectrum of viruses.The aim of the study was to investigate the sensitivity of new diploid animal cell cultures (fibroblasts of a foetal pig’s kidneys and larynx) to Coxsackievirus B5 (CVB5) and Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1).Materials and methods. The cultures of porcine foetal kidney fibroblasts (PFKF) and porcine foetal larynx fibroblasts (PFLF) were derived from a foetus of a healthy pig by mild trypsinisation. The study determined the sensitivity of these new PFKF and PFLF cultures to the above-mentioned viruses by the cytopathic effect (CPE) expressed as a percentage. The infectious activity of CVB5 was studied using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the determination of amplification cycle threshold values (Ct); that of HSV-1 was studied using quantitative titration of the virus-containing liquid (VCL). Infectious activity values were expressed as tissue culture 50% infective doses (TCID50).Results. The authors developed diploid PFKF and PFLF cell cultures. PFKF cells demonstrated high sensitivity to CVB5, with a CPE of 87.5±3.3% after passage 3 and a satisfactory concentration of enterovirus RNA in the VCL of 22–24 Ct . The sensitivity of PFKF cells to HSV-1 corresponded to a CPE of 92.1±5.5%. In these cells, the infectious activity of HSV-1 corresponded to 104.25 TCID50/0.2 mL. The experiments with PFLF cells showed low CPE and infectious activity values for both viruses.Conclusions. The study demonstrated high CPE values with the CVB5 (CB5-8100) and HSV-1 (HSV-1/L-2) strains as examples and confirmed the sensitivity of the new diploid PFKF cell culture to these test viruses. Thus, the PFKF cell culture offers potential applications in virology and biotechnology and may be a candidate for testing other strains of CVB5 and HSV-1.
Chikungunya vaccines: advances in the development and prospects for marketing approval
Authors: Otrasheuskaja E. V. , Trukhin V. P. , Merkulov V. A. , Ignatyev G. M. 
Published: April 2023

Chikungunya fever is an acute infectious disease caused by the mosquito-borne Chikungunya virus (CHIKV). In the last decades, cases of the disease have been reported in more than 100 countries; therefore, CHIKV presents a global public health problem. CHIKV genotypes have limited antigenic diversity, and documented reinfection is very rare. Hence, a vaccine could prevent infection and potential disability, as well as reduce the epidemic spread of CHIKV in the population.The aim of the study was to review approaches to the development of preventive vaccines against CHIKV, evaluate promising vaccine candidates in preclinical or clinical development stages, and analyse perspectives and challenges of bringing these vaccines to the pharmaceutical market.According to the literature reviewed, both traditional and modern platforms are used in the development of CHIKV vaccines, which has been ongoing for several decades. Each platform has its advantages and limitations. The most popular platforms are live attenuated vaccines and vaccines with viral vector constructs. To date, about 25 vaccine candidates have successfully passed through preclinical studies, and more than 7 vaccine candidates have progressed to various phases of clinical studies. The preventive medicinal products that have reached the clinical development stage include 4 live attenuated vaccines, 1 inactivated vaccine, 1 vaccine containing virus-like particles, and 1 mRNA vaccine. All 7 candidates have demonstrated cross-protection against multiple genotypes of CHIKV at the level of either preclinical in vivo studies and/or clinical in vitro studies. The research continues, and this shows that not only the scientific community but also health systems are interested in bringing effective CHIKV vaccines to the pharmaceutical market.
Analysis of approaches to sterility testing of COVID-19 prevention vaccines
Authors: Sukhanova S. M. , Tikhonova A. S. , Berdnikova Z. E. 
Published: April 2023

Preventive vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 infection is currently receiving close attention in the Russian Federation. Improving public confidence in immunisation with new vaccines largely depends on a guarantee of the absence of side effects caused by contamination. A high risk of contamination is inherent to biological products, including coronavirus prevention vaccines, due to their properties and the nature of raw materials used. This risk adds to the need for using effective contaminant detection approaches.The aim of the study was to evaluate the possibility to improve sterility testing of preventive vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection.This article presents an analysis of the procedures proposed by pharmaceutical developers for sterility testing of ten Russian vaccines approved in the country for COVID-19 prevention. The authors considered specific characteristics of these vaccines, including their physical and chemical properties, the presence of antimicrobial components, and other critical factors affecting the correctness of the experimental setup. The results suggest that it is possible to improve sterility testing. According to the authors, the main directions for its improvement are the proposal to develop an alternative procedure based on compendial method 2 (OFS.1.2.4.0003.15, Ph. Rus. XIV), as well as the use of a universal culture medium. If used for refining the established procedures and developing new ones, the authors’ recommendations will improve the reliability and applicability of sterility testing during both manufacturing and pre-approval regulatory assessment of updated coronavirus vaccines for subsequent release to the market. The proposed approaches can be applied to testing other medicinal products for sterility.
Current regulatory requirements for non-clinical evaluation of prophylactic vaccines
Authors: Gorenkov D. V. , Komarovskaya E. I. , Soldatov A. A. , Avdeeva Zh. I. , Bondarev V. P. 
Published: April 2023

Vaccines are subject to specific regulatory requirements for the evaluation of their quality, safety, and efficacy. In 2005, the World Health Organisation (WHO), as the main international organisation coordinating measures to combat infectious disease outbreaks, began developing documents on the evaluation of vaccine quality, safety, and efficacy. The world’s leading regulatory authorities (FDA, EMA, etc.) have also issued recommendations for conducting non-clinical studies of vaccines.The aim of this study was a critical review of the regulatory requirements established by foreign national and international regulatory authorities for non-clinical evaluation of the safety and efficacy of vaccines.According to the study results, since the 2000s, the WHO and the world’s leading regulatory authorities have produced more than 40 regulatory documents describing certain aspects of non-clinical studies of the safety and efficacy of vaccines. These documents can be divided into two groups: the first group addresses non-clinical studies of vaccines in general, and the second one dwells upon the evaluation of the quality, safety, and efficacy of specific types of vaccines. For the Russian guidelines on non-clinical evaluation of the quality, safety, and efficacy of immunobiologicals, the latest revision dates back to 2013 and does not provide any information on new medicinal products. Currently, work is underway to prepare the regulatory framework for medicines, including vaccines, in the Member States of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). This review of regulatory documents on non-clinical safety and efficacy studies of vaccines may be useful in drafting harmonised guidelines for the relevant groups of vaccines in the EAEU. It may also be of use to developers, manufacturers, and researchers involved in the creation and non-clinical study of vaccines.
Evaluation of the diagnostic efficacy of a reagent kit for <i>in vitro</i> diagnosis of West Nile fever using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction with fluorescent probe-based detection
Authors: Prokhvatilova E. V. , Tkachenko G. A. , Baturin A. A. , Belitskaya L. I. , Toporkov A. V. 
Published: April 2023

West Nile fever is a vector-borne zoonotic arbovirus infection with natural foci. Its clinical course is similar to that of acute febrile syndrome, and severe cases may result in neuroinvasive disease. Several genetic lineages (1, 2, and 4) of the West Nile virus (WNV) with different pathogenicity for humans are circulating in the Russian Federation. Therefore, it is an urgent task to develop a diagnostic reagent kit for differentiating between WNV genetic lineages and to implement the kit in clinical laboratory practice.The aim of the study was to conduct technical and clinical tests and evaluate the quality, efficacy, and safety of the Ampligen-WNV-genotype-1/2/4 diagnostic reagent kit for detecting WNV RNA and differentiating between WNV genetic lineages 1, 2, and 4 by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with fluorescent probe-based detection.Materials and methods. The authors determined the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the Ampligen-WNV-genotype-1/2/4 reagent kit (Volgograd Research Institute for Plague Control, Russia) by real-time RT-PCR with 216 clinical samples and 204 biological samples. Sanger sequencing was used as a reference method. Statistical analysis of clinical test results was carried out in accordance with the Russian national standard for clinical laboratory tests (GOST R 53022.3-2008).Results. When tested with the Ampligen-WNV-genotype-1/2/4 reagent kit, real-time RT-PCR demonstrated the analytical sensitivity of 1×104 GEq/mL for the detection of WNV cDNA of genetic lineages 1, 2, and 4. The assessment of its analytical specificity showed no positive results for cDNA samples of heterologous viruses at a concentration of 1×106 GEq/mL. The diagnostic sensitivity with the reagent kit was at least 98.5%, and the diagnostic specificity was at least 99%, with 90% confidence levels for both parameters.Conclusions. The Ampligen-WNV-genotype-1/2/4 reagent kit can be recommended for use in clinical laboratory diagnostics to detect WNV RNA and differentiate between WNV genetic lineages 1, 2, and 4.
Self-concept on @Nge.review Instagram Account as a Representation of User Character
Authors: Sanubari Farrasepta Deandra , Surahman Sigit , Poetra Yudhistira Ardi 
Published: April 2023

This study describes the Instagram account @Nge.review as one of the bookstagram accounts. Bookstagrammers are Instagram users who are obsessed with physical books where the object is the object in every upload on Instagram. Like other bookstagram accounts, each of these accounts has tens of thousands of followers and hundreds of uploads and, each upload has tens of thousands of likes. As one of the bookstagrammers, the owner and user here has differences with other bookstagram account users in the form of uploaded photos, the contents of the reviewed book reviews and the contents of the Instagram features contained in the account. The researcher aims to find the self-concept and character behind the habits that are shown through the contents of the account. This study uses a qualitative approach. On data search using interview techniques, observation and research documentation. Based on the research that has been done, it shows that the user as well as the owner of the @Nge.review Instagram account has a smart and imaginative self. The characters found in the user’s account that is, have an open personality.Keywords: Self concept, representation, character, Instagram ABSTRAKPenelitian ini menjelaskan akun Instagram @Nge.review sebagai salah satu akun bookstagram. Bookstagrammer adalah para pengguna Instagram yang terobsesi dengan buku fisik yang dimana benda tersebut menjadi objek dalam setiap unggahan di Instagram. Layaknya akun bookstagram lainnya, akun Instagram memiliki pengikut puluhan ribu dan ratusan unggahan serta, setiap unggahan ada yang memiliki belasan ribu likes. Sebagai salah satu bookstagrammer, pemiliki sekaligus penggunanya disini memiliki perbedaan dengan pengguna akun bookstagram lain dalam bentuk foto unggahan, isi ulasan buku yang diresensi serta, isi dari fitur-fitur Instagram yang terdapat pada akun. Peneliti bertujuan untuk mencari konsep diri dan karakter di balik kebiasaan yang diperlihatkan melalui isi dari akun tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Pada pencarian data menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi penelitian. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan hasil bahwa, pengguna sekaligus sebagai pemilik akun Instagram @Nge.review memiliki diri yang pintar dan imajinatif. Karakter yang ditemukan pada pengguna akun yaitu, memiliki pribadi yang terbuka. Kata Kunci: Konsep diri, representasi, karakter, Instagram
The Wisdom of Sundanese Intercultural Communication in Social Interaction with Javanese Ethnic Communities
Authors: Chalik Alex Abdu , Arrianie Lely , Sarofah Riska 
Published: April 2023

This study aims to explain the forms of social interaction between the Sundanese and Javanese ethnicities that take place in the form of adaptation, cooperation, tolerance, competition, and conflict of intercultural communication wisdom. This research was conducted in Kabawetan District, Kepahiang Regency, Bengkulu Province. The novelties in the research include obtaining an overview and explanation of the history of the migration of the Sundanese to Sukasari Village, forms of social interaction between the Sundanese ethnic community and the Javanese ethnicity, and the implementation of Sundanese cultural wisdom in intercultural communication with the Javanese. This study uses a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews with informants to explore information about the wisdom of Sundanese intercultural communication in social interaction with the Javanese ethnic community. The technique of taking informants is done by using the snowball sampling technique according key informants who will recommend other sources.. The results showed that the intercultural communication wisdom of the Sundanese in social interaction with the Javanese ethnic community has been carried out well through babasan and paribasa owned by the Sundanese ethnic community within its cultural framework.Keywords: Social interaction, ethnicity, intercultural communication, local wisdom ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bentuk interaksi soial antara etnis Sunda dengan etnis Jawa yang berlangsung dalam bentuk adaptasi, kerjasama, toleransi, kompetisi dan konflik kearifan komunikasi antarbudaya. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kecamatan Kabawetan, Kabupaten Kepahiang, Provinsi Bengkulu. Kebaruan dalam penelitian antara lain untuk memperoleh gambaran dan penjelasan tentang sejarah migrasi orang Sunda ke Desa Sukasari, bentuk-bentuk interaksi sosial komunitas etnis Sunda dengan etnis Jawa, dan implementasi kearifan budaya Sunda dalam komunikasi antarbudaya dengan etnis Jawa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan kualitatif melalui wawancara yang mendalam dengan informan untuk menggali informasi mengenai kearifan komunikasi antarbudaya Orang Sunda dalam interaksi sosial dengan komunitas etnis Jawa. Teknik pengambilan informan dilakukan dengan Teknik snowball sampling melalui beberapa narasumber kunci untuk merekomendasikan informan lainnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kearifan komunikasi antarbudaya orang Sunda dalam interaksi sosial dengan komunitas etnis Jawa telah dijalankan dengan baik melalui babasan dan paribasa yang dimiliki oleh komunitas etnis Sunda dalam kerangka kebudayaannya.Kata Kunci: Interaksi sosial, etnis, komunikasi antarbudaya, kearifan local
Analisis Investasi Pembangunan Batching Plant di Kabupaten Kutai Barat
Authors: Munajir Achmad 
Published: April 2023

Untuk proses percepatan pembangunan infrastruktur tentunya dibutuhkan fasilitas penunjang yang memadai terutama jika konstruksi tersebut menggunakan material beton. Salah satu fasilitas tersebut adalah concrete batching plant yang merupakan alat produksi beton siap pakai, untuk mendirikan concrete batching plant tersebut perlu dilakukan studi kelayakan terlebih dahulu agar diketahui layak atau tidaknya concrete batching plant tersebut dibangun. Untuk studi kelayakan tersebut tentunya juga memerlukan beberapa data penunjang, diantaranya data pemakaian beton disamping data - data lainya.Berdasarkan data yang ada di Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Kabupaten Kutai Barat Subdin Cipta Karya pada tahun 2007 pemakaian beton tercatat sebesar 20.985 m3, 26.155 m3 pada tahun 2008 dan 32.854 m3 pada tahun 2009. Dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi rata –rata 6,48% dan 25,61% untuk sektor bangunan dan konstruksi pada tahun 2007 sampai dengan tahun 2009. Dari data pemakaian beton tersebut terjadi peningkatan sebesar 24,63% tahun 2008 dan 25,61% tahun 2009. Dengan peningkatan dari tahun ke tahunnya maka dilakukan pengukuran peramalan untuk tahun 2010 – 2011 dengan trend linear dengan metode least square dengan hasil sebesar 38.533,7 m3.Berdasarkan data tersebut dilakukan penilaian tehadap aspek pasar dan aspek teknis dan teknologisnya serta perkiraan investasi sebesar Rp. 7.780.500.000, serta perkiraan biaya operasional per tahunnya sebesar Rp. 14.579.939.995,72. Yang selanjutnya dilakukan analisa NPV (Next Present Value) dan didapatkan hasil sebesar Rp. 13.623.272.931,72- dan IRR (Internal Rate of Return) = 85 %, BEP (Break Event Point) = 6 bulan 19 hari serta PBP (Pay Back Period ) = 8 bulan 24 hari. Hasil keseluruhan penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa concrete batching plant tersebut layak dibangun di Kutai Barat dan membawa manfaat secara ekonomi.
Pengaruh Volume Lalu Lintas Terhadap Tingkat Kebisingan Pada Jalan Bung Tomo Samarinda Seberang
Authors: Zulkipli Selamat 
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bermula dari pengamatan volume lalu lintas di Jalan Bung Tomo Samarinda Seberang yang bertambah padat penduduk serta letak sekolah yang dekat dengan jalan raya, yang dijadikan sebagai objek penelitian, hal tersebut tentunya berpengaruh terhadap volume lalu lintas, kecepatan kendaraan dan kebisingan yang terjadi. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk menganalisis tingkat kebisingan kendaraan akibat lalu lintas pada jalan Bung Tomo Samarinda Seberang, membuat suatu model matematis yang menyatakan hubungan antara tingkat kebisingan dengan volume kendaraan dan menganalisis ekivalensi kebisingan kendaraan akibat lalu lintas. Analisis data menggunakan metode Regresi Linier Berganda pada program SPSS 16.0 for Windows. Data yang dihasilkan dari proses analisis meliputi : Nilai Korelasi (hubungan) antara variabel bebas dengan variabel tidak bebas, Tingkat Keberartian (signifikansi) dari masing-masing koefisien regresi, Model Tingkat Kebisingan, Uji Kenormalan Data dan Koefisien Determinasi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis maka tingkat tertinggi kebisingan kendaraan pada jalan Bung Tomo Samarinda Seberang adalah sebesar 86,2 dBA. Bentuk model tingkat kebisingan lalu lintas terbaik adalah Kebisingan (Y) = 72,449 – 0,86Volmc + 015Volmc + 160Volhv – 023V dengan nilai R2 = 0,862 dimana nilai X1 adalah volume sepeda motor, X2 volume kendaraan ringan dan X3 volume kendaraan berat. Nilai ekivalensi kebisingan dari masing-masing kendaraan adalah untuk sepeda motor : 1,9 ; kendaraan ringan : 1 dan kendaraan berat : 0,12. Kecepatan rata-rata 36,38 Km/jam.
Studi Perencanaan Pengendalian Waktu Pelaksanaan Pada Pengembangan Kawasan Rumah Sewa Kecamatan Tenggarong
Authors: Suharto Suharto , Mochtar Benny 
Published: April 2023

Mengontrol waktu proses penentuan dicapai, evaluasi kerja, dan perbaikan jika perlu. Keberhasilan atau kegagalan proyek yang disebabkan oleh perencanaan tidak maxsimal dan pengendalian kurang efektif, sehingga aktivitas proyek tidak efisien. Sebagai konsekuensi dari dampak menderita keterlambatan proyek ini, penurunan kualitas, dan meningkatkan kinerja biaya. Perencanaan waktu mengendalikan dengan metode Kritis Jalur Metode adalah salah satu cara manajemen yang dapat digunakan untuk perencanaan dan tugas pengendalian dalam proyek yang dapat menunjukkan perencanaan waktu sekarang dan aktivitas antara proyek. Begitu juga dengan proyek Microsoft kita bisa mengambil mengendalikan keuangan dan pelacakan fitur buget, oleh karena itu kita dapat menetapkan tampil biaya proyek dan tugas Program. Oleh karena itu, kita dapat mengetahui waktu pelaksanaan perencanaan dengan menggunakan kedua metode. Dalam penelitian ini menulis upaya untuk menggambarkan dan menjelaskan bagaimana proses perencanaan pengendalian waktu pembangunan distric sewa rumah Tenggarong menggunakan metode kedua. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan durasi optimal direncanakan pengalaman 180 hari banyak waktu kritis perlu dioptimalkan kembali
Measuring Teacher Professional Development Learning Activities in Post Covid-19
Authors: Nasrullah Nasrullah , Rosalina Elsa , Mariani Nanik , Kamalia Sa'da 
Published: April 2023

Purpose - To fill the void, this study comes with the aim of finding out perception which underpins the extent to which activities have fulfilled the teachers’ need of their development through Teachers’ Forum (MGMP) or not, amid post-Covid-19 at this moment.
Design/methodology/approach - This study employed a qualitative approach by using an open-ended questionnaire and recruiting 25 in-service teachers.
Findings - The finding of this study revealed that most the in-service teachers have their positive view to excel their professional development, especially with regard to making clear of learning aims, widening up the horizon to provide sufficient materials many resources, adding knowledge and skills in pedagogical strategies, and strengthening ability in selecting appropriate assessment in the activities conducted by MGMP.
Originality/value - The implication of this study calls for the inclusion of in-service teachers to always be open-minded, self-reflected, and willing to learn a new thing to ensure effective instructional practices
Paper type – Research Paper
Teaching Arabic Through Social Media at Al-Azhar Institute Pare Kediri
Authors: Arifin Moh Aziz , Bahruddin Uril 
Published: April 2023

Purpose - This research stems from the problem of the difficulty of learning the Arabic language, and the reason may be due to the lack of benefit from the social media that is now open. This is research aims to (1) to know the teaching of Arabic through social media at Al-Azhar Institute Pare Kediri (2) to know the lack and advantages of teaching Arabic through social media at Al-Azhar Pare Kediri Institute.
Design/methodology/approach - The research design is descriptive-qualitative research. The data gained are written words and sentences from the novel that imply an educational value.
Findings - The results of this are research that learning Arabic through social media in Al-Azhar is not organized. Well, because learning using social media is not included in the objectives of learning Arabic at Al-Azhar Institute Pare Kediri. On the other hand, to participate in online learning, Al-Azhar Institute Pare Kediri opens the program through Zoom application instead of social media; (2) Knowing the advantages of learning through social media at Al-Azhar Institute Pare Kediri is like an institution that has many Arabic language learning programs. As for the lack of learning Arabic through social media in Al-Azhar, social media has not been used optimally for Arabic language learning programs.
Originality/value - The use of social media at al-Azhar Institute Pare Kediri in the Arabic learning process is still not used optimally.
Paper type – Research paper