bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High well‐matched energy gravimetric–volumetric symmetric super‐capacitor derived from hollow paper stack‐like biomass‐based functional carbon
Authors: Julnaidi  , Amri Amun , Saputra Edy , Nofrizal  , Taer Erman 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDTwo‐ and three‐dimensional porous activated carbon (C)‐based symmetrical supercapacitors show great potential for extraordinary gravimetric performance as sustainable energy storage. However, the applications of portable and microdimensional supercapacitors are limited by their low volumetric performance stemming from reduced density resulting from increased porosity and high fabrication costs. This study aimed to demonstrate the high gravimetric–volumetric performance of symmetrical supercapacitors from biomass‐based porous carbon‐sources materials through an environmentally benign development method. Unique porous C sourced from TENERA‐type palm oil stick waste was prepared using potassium hydroxide (KOH) as an activating agent. The electrode set resembled a solid plate with an encapsulation density of ≈1.40 g cm−3.RESULTThe study used superior gravimetric–volumetric electrode materials, including an adjusted specific surface area of 934 m2 g−1, single‐doped optimization, and a hollow paper‐stack‐like morphological structure with a high C content of 91%. The results showed that the best electrode in the 1 mol L−1 H2SO4 electrolytes exhibited a high gravimetric capacitance of 233 F g−1 and an extraordinary volumetric capacitance of 326 F cm−3 at 1 A g−1. Furthermore, their coulombic efficiency was ≈99.1% at 10 A g−1. The symmetrical electrode device performed a high gravimetric–volumetric energy density of 19.03 Wh kg−1 and 26.6 Wh L−1 at a maximum output power density of 1.7 kW kg−1 and 1.9 kW L−1, respectively.CONCLUSIONThese results indicate that the applied method development and the C‐biomass‐based electrode material design could achieve a high, well‐matched gravimetric–volumetric performance balance in symmetric supercapacitor devices. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Optimization of parameters for adsorption of acid yellow 36 dye onto nitrate‐intercalated MgAl LDH nanoparticle using Box–Behnken design
Authors: Yadav Balram Singh , Durgawati  , Dasgupta Sudip 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDLayered double hydroxide nanoparticles have been extensively investigated and exploited for the removal of harmful anions from contaminated water. For adsorption of acid yellow dye (AY) from contaminated water, nitrate‐intercalated MgAl layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanoparticles were synthesized using the co‐precipitation method with the refluxing condition in a nitrogen atmosphere.RESULTSThe X‐ray diffraction pattern of LDH nanoparticles showed that LDH nanopowder with nitrate in the interlayer position was successfully synthesized. The shift in (003) basal plane diffraction peak to a lower angle (2θ) of 7.75° in the LDH‐AY from 10.40° in the pristine LDH confirmed the intercalation of AY in the interlayer space of LDH. Variable factors for the adsorption of the AY on the LDH nanoparticles were examined in the batch process using ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy and those included the adsorbent dose (5–30 mg), the incubation time (3–60 min), the temperature (25–50 °C), the pH of the AY aqueous suspension (5–9) and the AY concentration (0.03–0.1 mg mL−1). Box–Behnken design was used to optimize the three independent variables of temperature, incubation time and pH of AY solution for the adsorption of the dye. The optimized values of the incubation time, temperature and pH were found to be 25.89 min, 35.99 °C and 5.16, respectively. A maximum adsorption rate of 0.00515 g mg−1 min−1 of AY onto LDH nanoparticles was found at a solution pH of 5 and a temperature of 50 °C. The adsorption kinetics of the AY at different suspension pH values and temperature followed a pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model. Furthermore, an adsorption isotherm study for the adsorption of AY at a temperature of 40 °C and pH 5 followed a Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacity of the AY was calculated to be 412.55 mg g−1 with excellent regeneration capacity.CONCLUSIONThe study revealed that the synthesized nitrate intercalated Mg Al LDH nanoparticles using the reflux conditions offered promising potential to adsorb acid yellow 36 dye form its aqueous solution. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Traceability of SARS‐CoV‐2 transmission through quasispecies analysis
Authors: Messali Serena , Rondina Alessandro , Giovanetti Marta , Bonfanti Carlo , Ciccozzi Massimo , Caruso Arnaldo , Caccuri Francesca 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDuring COVID‐19 pandemic, consensus genomic sequences were used for rapidly monitor the spread of the virus worldwide. However, less attention was paid to intrahost genetic diversity. In fact, in the infected host, SARS‐CoV‐2 consists in an ensemble of replicating and closely related viral variants so‐called quasispecies. Here we show that intrahost single nucleotide variants (iSNVs) represent a target for contact tracing analysis. Our data indicate that in the acute phase of infection, in highly likely transmission links, the number of viral particles transmitted from one host to another (bottleneck size) is large enough to propagate iSNVs among individuals. Furthermore, we demonstrate that, during SARS‐CoV‐2 outbreaks when the consensus sequences are identical, it is possible to reconstruct the transmission chains by genomic investigations of iSNVs. Specifically, we found that it is possible to identify transmission chains by limiting the analysis of iSNVs to only three well‐conserved genes, namely nsp2, ORF3, and ORF7.
Interannual variations of heat budget in the lower layer of the eastern Ross Sea shelf and the forcing mechanisms in the Southern Ocean State Estimate
Authors: Chen Yuanjie , Zhang Zhaoru , Wang Xuezhu , Liu Xiaohui , Zhou Meng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe temporal variation of heat budget in the lower layer of the eastern Ross Sea shelf (ERSS) is crucial for understanding the stability of ice shelves in the Ross Sea. In this study, a 6‐year (2005–2010) simulation from the Southern Ocean State Estimate (SOSE) is employed to analyse the interannual variations of heat budget in the lower layer of the ERSS and the controlling mechanisms. The results reveal that the annual change in the heat content of the study region is dominated by the horizontal heat advection term, and only in 2015 the vertical advection and diffusion terms also play an important role. The horizontal advection term is affected by the intrusion of warm circumpolar deep water (CDW) onto the shelf across the northern boundary of the ERSS, the transport of cold dense shelf water (DSW) from the western Ross Sea shelf, and the transport of CDW across the western boundary of the ERSS. The contributions of these physical processes to the change in annual heat content vary between years. The interannual variation of the CDW intrusion is associated with the strength of eddy activity over the slope, and the interannual variation of heat transports associated with DSW is affected by both the extent of DSW on the western shelf and the coastal circulations that affect the eastward spread of DSW.
Improving the subseasonal variability of the Indian summer monsoon in a climate model
Authors: Srivastava Ankur , Rao Suryachandra A. , Ghosh Subimal 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMany global climate models, including the Climate Forecast System version 2 (CFSv2), have a biased representation of subseasonal modes of variability of the Indian summer monsoon. For instance, they simulate a weaker summer mean monsoon low‐pressure systems (LPS) climatology, faster than observed northward propagation of monsoon intraseasonal oscillations (MISOs), and a systematic dry bias over Indian landmass. The Bay of Bengal (BoB), with its shallow mixed layers and unique thermal stratification, significantly modulates the convective activity in this region at subseasonal‐to‐seasonal timescales through modulation of sea surface temperature. The highly stratified upper ocean in the BoB is due to the enormous freshwater it receives from rains and rivers. A river routing model is coupled to the CFSv2 to account for the riverine freshwater and the improvements in modelling the upper‐ocean structure are analysed. Model simulations indicate that inclusion of temporally varying riverine freshwater improves the upper‐ocean state in the BoB and the observed mixed‐layer temperature gradients in the Bay are simulated reasonably after incorporating the time varying river runoff. This resulted in increased LPS lifetime and track density, and enhanced rainfall over central India. Better representation of the upper‐ocean stratification in the model leads to larger post‐convection shoaling of mixed layers at intraseasonal timescales, thereby forming thick barrier layers. Enhanced air–sea interactions restricted to the shallow mixed layer are associated with stronger vorticity, specific humidity and low‐level convergence to the north of the intraseasonal convection band. This enhanced low‐level moisture convergence north of the convection centre results in realistic northward propagation of MISO and aids LPS activity. It is demonstrated that better simulation of the upper‐ocean structure in coupled climate models can improve the representation of subseasonal modes of monsoon variability. These results bear important implications for operational forecasting.
Effect estimates can be accurately calculated with data digitally extracted from interrupted time series graphs
Authors: Turner Simon Lee , Korevaar Elizabeth , Cumpston Miranda S. , Kanukula Raju , Forbes Andrew B. , McKenzie Joanne E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInterrupted time series (ITS) studies are frequently used to examine the impact of population‐level interventions or exposures. Systematic reviews with meta‐analyses including ITS designs may inform public health and policy decision‐making. Re‐analysis of ITS may be required for inclusion in meta‐analysis. While publications of ITS rarely provide raw data for re‐analysis, graphs are often included, from which time series data can be digitally extracted. However, the accuracy of effect estimates calculated from data digitally extracted from ITS graphs is currently unknown. Forty‐three ITS with available datasets and time series graphs were included. Time series data from each graph was extracted by four researchers using digital data extraction software. Data extraction errors were analysed. Segmented linear regression models were fitted to the extracted and provided datasets, from which estimates of immediate level and slope change (and associated statistics) were calculated and compared across the datasets. Although there were some data extraction errors of time points, primarily due to complications in the original graphs, they did not translate into important differences in estimates of interruption effects (and associated statistics). Using digital data extraction to obtain data from ITS graphs should be considered in reviews including ITS. Including these studies in meta‐analyses, even with slight inaccuracy, is likely to outweigh the loss of information from non‐inclusion.
Untersuchungen zum Vorkommen von Acrylamid, Furan und Furanderivaten in Vietnam Robusta Röstkaffee
Authors: Bahar Ina , Engelhardt Ulrich 
Published: June 2023

Während der Röstung von Kaffee laufen zahlreiche Reaktionen ab. Darunter entstehen unerwünschte Stoffe wie Acrylamid, Furan, 2‐ und 3‐Methylfuran, 2,5‐Dimethylfuran (Methylfurane). Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, Röstungen und Behandlungsverfahren zu identifizieren, bei denen eine gleichzeitige Minimierung von Acrylamid und Furan/Methylfuranen möglich ist. Hierzu wurden Vietnam Robusta Röstkaffees auf die Gehalte der genannten Analyten mittels optimierter und validierter Methoden mit GC‐MS untersucht.Industriell wurden Rohkaffees unter Variation der Zeit und der Temperatur auf die Röstfarben hell, mittel und dunkel geröstet. Die Untersuchungen zeigten das gegenläufige Verhalten der Bildung von Acrylamid und Furan/Methylfuranen. Die höchsten Gehalte an Acrylamid wurden in hellen sowie kurzen Röstungen und die von Furan/Methylfuranen in dunklen sowie langen Röstungen ermittelt.Weiterhin wurden extreme Röstprofile im Vergleich zu o.g. Röstserien untersucht. Bezüglich der Gehalte von Furan und Methylfuranen konnten deutliche Unterschiede festgestellt werden, jedoch ohne eine charakteristische Tendenz. Acrylamid zeigte höhere Gehalte in den Kaffees, die zu Beginn mit niedrigerer und zum Ende hin mit höherer Energiezufuhr geröstet wurden. Betrachtet wurden ebenfalls die Einflüsse von Rohkaffee‐Vorbehandlungen und einer Röstkaffee‐Nachbehandlung. Bei diesen Röstexperimenten konnte deutlich erkannt werden, dass die Behandlungsart differente Einflüsse auf die Bildung der Analyten ausübt. Insgesamt konnten keine Röstparameter ermittelt werden, mit denen eine gleichzeitige Minimierung von Acrylamid und Furan/Methylfuranen möglich ist.Weiterhin wurden die bei der Röstung gebildeten Furanabkömmlinge: Furfurylalkohol, 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural, 2‐Furancarbonsäure und 5‐Hydroxymethyl‐2‐furancarbonsäure in den o. a. Kaffees mittels HPLC‐DAD untersucht. Eine deutliche Abhängigkeit von den Röstgraden und Röstzeiten konnte auch bei diesen festgestellt werden.
Atherogenic dyslipidaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus: The PREDISAT study
Authors: Climent Elisenda , Millán Jesús , Ascaso Juan F. , Suárez‐Tembra Manuel , Morillas Carlos , Civeira Fernando , Bellón Jose M. , Pedro‐Botet Juan ,   the Spanish Atherosclerosis Society Working Group on Atherogenic Dyslipidaemia
Published: June 2023

AbstractExtremely variable prevalence rates of atherogenic dyslipidaemia (AD) in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) subjects have been reported. The primary aim was to assess AD prevalence in Spanish T2DM subjects. Secondary objectives were to evaluate the differential clinical characteristics between T2DM subjects with and without AD, to describe lipid profile evolution and use of lipid‐lowering treatment in clinical practice by the Spanish Lipid Units. Data was obtained from the National Registry of Dyslipidaemias of the Spanish Atherosclerosis Society, from a multicentric sub‐study focused on AD prevalence in T2DM subjects (PREDISAT study). The inclusion criteria were subjects diagnosed of T2DM with age ≥18 years old. A total of 385 T2DM subjects with a mean age of 61 years and 246 (64%) men were included. The mean follow‐up was 22 ± 7.4 months. At baseline, 41.3% of the T2DM subjects presented AD, this percentage decreasing to 34.8% with therapeutic intervention. AD prevalence varied in different age groups and appeared to be more prevalent in younger T2DM subjects. Those with AD had a more atherogenic lipid profile at baseline, with higher total cholesterol, triglyceride and non‐(high‐density lipoprotein) HDL cholesterol levels at baseline, together with lower HDL cholesterol concentrations, without achieving lipid subfraction goals during follow‐up. Although almost 90% of the AD subjects were under lipid‐lowering treatment, most were receiving only one drug, being statins the most used treatmentA high AD prevalence in T2DM subjects was observed, being age a determinant factor, with a modest decline during follow‐up. Although almost 90% of the AD subjects were under lipid‐lowering drugs, most were only receiving monotherapy with statins.
Automatic right ventricular segmentation for cine cardiac magnetic resonance images based on a new deep atlas network
Authors: Wang Lijia , Su Hanlu , Liu Peng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe high morbidity and mortality of heart disease present a significant threat to human health. The development of methods for the quick and accurate diagnosis of heart diseases, enabling their effective treatment, has become a key issue of concern. Right ventricular (RV) segmentation from cine cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) images plays a significant role in evaluating cardiac function for clinical diagnosis and prognosis. However, due to the complex structure of the RV, traditional segmentation methods are ineffective for RV segmentation.PurposeIn this paper, we propose a new deep atlas network to improve the learning efficiency and segmentation accuracy of a deep learning network by integrating multi‐atlas.MethodsFirst, a dense multi‐scale U‐net (DMU‐net) is presented to acquire transformation parameters from atlas images to target images. The transformation parameters map the atlas image labels to the target image labels. Second, using a spatial transformation layer, the atlas images are deformed based on these parameters. Finally, the network is optimized by backpropagation with two loss functions where the mean squared error function (MSE) is used to measure the similarity of the input images and transformed images. Further, the Dice metric (DM) is used to quantify the overlap between the predicted contours and the ground truth. In our experiments, 15 datasets are used in testing, and 20 cine CMR images are selected as atlas.ResultsThe mean values and standard deviations for the DM and Hausdorff distance are 0.871 and 4.67 mm, 0.104 and 2.528 mm, respectively. The correlation coefficients of endo‐diastolic volume, endo‐systolic volume, ejection fraction, and stroke volume are 0.984, 0.926, 0.980, and 0.991, respectively, and the mean differences between all of the mentioned parameters are 3.2, −1.7, 0.02, and 4.9, respectively. Most of these differences are within the allowable range of 95%, indicating that the results are acceptable and show good consistency. The segmentation results obtained in this method are compared with those obtained by other methods that provide satisfactory performance. The other methods provide better segmentation effects at the base, but either no segmentation or the wrong segmentation at the top, which demonstrate that the deep atlas network can improve top‐area segmentation accuracy.ConclusionOur results indicate that the proposed method can achieve better segmentation results than the previous methods, with both high relevance and consistency, and has the potential for clinical application.
Urinary titin in myotonic dystrophy type 1
Authors: Varga Dávid , Perecz Brigitta , Fülöp Krisztina , Sipos Andrea , Janszky József Vlagyimir , Hajdú Nándor , Pál Endre 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroduction/AimsUrinary titin, an easy‐to‐obtain marker, has been investigated in muscular dystrophies, but not in myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1). We investigated the role of titin as a biomarker of muscle injury in DM1.MethodsWe compared the urinary titin N‐fragment/creatinine ratio in 29 patients with DM1 vs. 30 healthy controls. We also recorded clinical data such as muscle strength, serum creatine kinase, DM1‐related outcome measures, and the 20‐item DM1‐activ questionnaire. The severity of the disease was graded using the Muscular Impairment Rating Scale (MIRS).ResultsThe titin/creatinine ratio was significantly higher in the urine samples of DM1 patients than of healthy controls (median ± mean absolute deviation [MAD]: 39.313 ± 26.546 vs. 6.768 ± 5.245 pmol/mg creatinine; P < .001), and was related to muscle impairment graded by MIRS (τ = 0.503, P = .038).DiscussionUrinary titin may be a biomarker for DM1. Long‐term follow‐up of DM1 patients is needed to investigate the potential role of titin as a biomarker for disease activity and progression.
Quantitative computed tomography‐based approaches for noninvasive diagnosis of portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Sartoris Riccardo , Vilgrain Valerie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNoninvasive diagnosis of portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis can be achieved using different methods, including laboratory tests and imaging. The Baveno VII consensus suggested that liver stiffness measurements and platelet counts were sufficient for assessing the presence of clinically significant portal hypertension. However, computed tomography (CT) is frequently performed in patients with cirrhosis, and numerous studies have established the possibility of an opportunistic noninvasive diagnosis of portal hypertension using CT. These studies have utilized radiomics, volumetric changes in the liver and spleen, quantitative assessment of liver surface nodularity, and more advanced techniques based on computational fluid dynamics. This review summarizes the main original studies related to the quantitative CT‐based noninvasive diagnosis of portal hypertension.
Life table study of Spodoptera frugiperda at different wheat stages and the effect of larval population density on wheat yield
Authors: Gong Zhongjun , Dong Jiaxin , Li Yanmin , Zhang Ziqi , Duan Yun , Jiang Yueli , Miao Jin , Li Tong , Zhang Jing , Li Huiling , Wang Xueqin , Qin Yifan , Wu Yuqing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundSpodoptera frugiperda is an invasive, widespread agricultural pest in China. However, there have been no reports assessing feeding damage on wheat caused by S. frugiperda. To clarify the fitness and potential damage of S. frugiperda to wheat, this study analyzed the population parameters of S. frugiperda fed on wheat in a laboratory and simulated the potential damage in field conditions.ResultsThe population parameters of S. frugiperda were compared using life tables on wheat at the seedling and adult plant stages. The adult female longevity of S. frugiperda varied from 12.29 days on seedling plants to 16.60 days on adult plants. Egg production was significantly higher when fed on wheat at the seedling stage (646.34 eggs) than when fed on adult plants (495.86 eggs). On wheat at the seedling and adult plant stages, the mean generation times were 35.42 and 38.34 days, respectively, and the intrinsic rates of increase were 0.15 and 0.14, respectively. Spodoptera frugiperda completed development and increased its population in wheat at both plant growth stages. In the field, the effect of different larval densities on the 1000‐kernel weight of wheat was significantly different. An action threshold of 40 larvae per m2 was estimated, and the higher population densities caused a yield loss of 17.7%.ConclusionSpodoptera frugiperda can complete its life cycle on wheat at different stages. Wheat can serve as an alternative host for S. frugiperda. If S. frugiperda reaches 320 larvae per m2 density during wheat growth, it will cause yield loss exceeding 17%. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Baicalin promotes random‐pattern skin flap survival by inducing autophagy via AMPK‐regulated TFEB nuclear transcription
Authors: Zhang Lilian , Yu Gaoxiang , Yu Qing , Wang Long , Wu Long , Tao Zhenyu , Ding Jian , Lin Damu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe random‐pattern skin flap is a generally used technique to cover the soft tissue defect, while its application is often constrained by complications after the flap transplant. Necrosis of the flap remains a principal obstacle. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Baicalin on skin flap survival and its mechanism. First of all, we discovered that administering Baicalin stimulated cell migration and boosted the formation of capillary tubes in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Then, we detected that Baicalin reduced apoptosis‐induced oxidative stress by using western blot and oxidative stress test kit. After that, we observed that Baicalin increased autophagy and utilized 3MA to block autophagy augmentation substantially reversing the effects of Baicalin therapy. Furthermore, we uncovered the underlying mechanisms of Baicalin‐induced autophagy via AMPK‐regulated TFEB nuclear transcription. Finally, our in vivo experiment findings showed that Baicalin reduces oxidative stress, inhibits apoptosis, promotes angiogenesis, and boosts the levels of autophagy. After autophagy was blocked, substantially reversing the effects of Baicalin therapy. Our study indicated that Baicalin‐induced autophagy via AMPK regulated TFEB nuclear transcription and then promotes angiogenesis and against oxidative stress and apoptotic promotes skin flap survival. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential for the clinical application of Baicalin in the future.