bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drug disposal deserts: An assessment of receptacle availability in Kentucky community pharmacies
Authors: Miracle Dustin K. , Smith Noah , Slavova Svetla , Stinson Laura K. , Roberts Monica F. , Rock Peter , Walsh Sharon L. , Freeman Patricia R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to describe the county‐level availability of drug disposal receptacles in Kentucky community pharmacies and show the relationship between installed receptacles and opioid analgesic (OA)/controlled substance dispensing rates, stratifying where possible by urban‐rural classification.MethodsUsing 2020 data from the Kentucky All Schedule Prescription Electronic Reporting program and disposal receptacle data from the US Drug Enforcement Agency, county‐level comparisons were made between number of receptacles and OA/controlled substance dispensing rates. Logistic and negative binomial regression models were used to assess for differences between rural/urban county designation and odds of ≥1 disposal receptacle and compare the rates of receptacles per dispensed OA dose in rural/urban counties.FindingsWhile rural counties saw higher OA and controlled substance dispensing rates, the majority (55.6%) of disposal receptacles were in urban locations. The odds of having at least 1 receptacle were higher in urban counties (OR 2.60, 95% CI: 1.15, 5.92) compared to rural. The estimated rate of disposal receptacles per million dispensed OA doses was found to be 0.47 (95% CI: 0.36, 0.61) in urban counties compared to 0.32 (95% CI: 0.25, 0.42) in rural counties, with an estimated rate ratio of 1.45 (95% CI: 1.01, 2.10).ConclusionsA mismatch between the availability of county‐level disposal receptacles in community pharmacies and the volume of dispensed OAs/controlled substances exists, resulting in fewer receptacles per dispensed OA in rural counties compared to urban counties. Future efforts are necessary to increase access to convenient disposal receptacles located in community pharmacies, particularly in rural communities.
DNA barcoding of recently diverging legume genera: Assessing the temperate Asian Caragana (Fabaceae: Papilionoideae)
Authors: Rather Shabir A. , Saina Josphat K. , Adit Arjun , Liu Hong‐Mei , Chang Zhao‐Yang , Schneider Harald 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObtaining reliable species identification of the legume genus Caragana has been challenging. Until now, species identification was mostly carried out utilizing diagnostic morphological characteristics, in addition to some successful applications of secondary chemical compounds. This study was designed to establish a DNA barcoding protocol enabling unambiguous identification of 238 accessions belonging to 67 species of Caragana. The performance of four DNA barcoding regions nrITS, trnH‐psbA, matK, and rbcL was explored using three analytical approaches, Pairwise Genetic Distance, Sequence Similarity and Phylogenetic Tree method. The chloroplast regions rbcL and matK showed lower discriminatory power compared with the nuclear region internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the chloroplast region trnH‐psbA. The nrITS outperformed the other regions in the resolution rate. The present study brings forth an efficient barcode locus for Caragana. A barcode based either on a single‐locus nrITS or the combination of nrITS and trnH‐psbA was found to be most suitable for species discrimination with distinctive barcoding gaps. An attempt has also been made to resolve taxonomic issues in the Caragana opulens complex. DNA barcoding tools when complemented with alpha taxonomic evidence can aid in solving complex systematic problems, especially when taxa are characterized by overlapping traits, such as species belonging to the Fabaceae family.
Interactions between insomnia, sleep duration and emotional processes: An ecological momentary assessment of longitudinal influences combining self‐report and physiological measures
Authors: Baglioni Chiara , Johann Anna F. , Benz Fee , Steinmetz Lisa , Meneo Debora , Frase Lukas , Kuhn Marion , Ohler Michelle , Huart Sonja , Speiser Nathalie , Tuschen‐Caffier Brunna , Riemann Dieter , Feige Bernd 
Published: July 2023

SummaryPrevious studies indicated that further investigation is needed to understand how insomnia disorder interacts with emotional processes. The present study is an ecological momentary assessment evaluating the link between emotional and sleep alterations in patients with insomnia. Physiological (heart rate and heart rate variability) and subjective (sleep and emotions) indices were observed for 5 days in patients with insomnia disorder (n = 97), good sleepers under self‐imposed sleep restriction (n = 41), and good sleepers with usual amount of sleep (n = 45). We evaluated differences in emotion regulation strategies and in valence and variability of emotional experiences. Over 5 days, patients with insomnia showed increased sleep and emotional difficulties compared with both control groups. Independent from group allocation, days with more negative emotions were associated with higher sleep alterations. Longer wake episodes at night and higher diurnal heart rate were associated with increased variations in emotion experienced during the day. Only in patients with insomnia, use of adaptive emotion regulation strategies was associated with higher sleep efficiency. Our data showed that alterations in sleep and emotional processes are closely linked. A combination of strategies targeting both sleep and emotional processes appears promising in the prevention and treatment of insomnia disorder.
Intraguild scavenging on carnivore carcasses is delayed enough to allow successful dispersal of maggots for pupation
Authors: Hashizume A. , Koda R. , Nakashima Y. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractVertebrate carcasses are a valuable resource for a wide range of organisms, although their consumption rates can vary greatly by the type of carcasses. Studies have indicated that mammalian carnivores rarely consume carnivore carcasses, particularly in the early stages of decay, and thus these carcasses may potentially serve as a reproductive resource for necrophagous arthropods such as blowflies. However, it is unknown whether delays in consumption by carnivores are sufficient for necrophagous arthropods to complete their life cycle in the carcasses. This study addressed this question by monitoring 69 raccoon carcasses using camera traps in Yakumo, southern Hokkaido, Japan, during the summer seasons of 2016–2019. The decay stages of the carcasses were categorized by carefully observing the videos captured by the camera traps, and the timing of maggot dispersion was estimated. The first visitation and first consumption of vertebrate scavengers were also modelled, and the proportion of carcasses visited or consumed by vertebrate scavengers prior to maggot dispersion was determined each year. The proportion of carcasses visited by vertebrate scavengers before maggot dispersal ranged between c. 50% in 2017 and c. 30% in other years. However, only c. 20% of carcasses in each year were consumed before maggot dispersal, and consumption was only partial. The first species to scavenge at carcasses were red foxes and raccoon dogs, with the exception of two carcasses that were first scavenged by large‐billed crows. These results suggest that while delayed visitation of carcasses may partly explain delayed consumption, active avoidance of phylogenetically related species may increase the chances of successful maggot dispersal. Our approach of using careful video observations and statistical modelling may apply to a wide range of habitats and could improve our understanding of the ecological consequences of the taboo against cannibalism.
The quest for good genes: Epigamic traits, fitness, MHC and multilocus heterozygosity in the guppy
Authors: Przesmycka Karolina , Herdegen‐Radwan Magdalena , Phillips Karl P. , Mohammed Ryan S. , Radwan Jacek 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe ‘good genes’ hypothesis for the evolution of male secondary sexual traits poses that female preferences for such traits are driven by indirect genetic benefits. However, support for the hypothesis remains ambiguous, and, in particular, the genetic basis for the benefits has rarely been investigated. Here, we use seminatural populations of Trinidadian guppies to investigate whether sexually selected traits (orange, black and iridescent colouration, gonopodium length and body size) predict fitness measured as the number of grandoffspring, a metric that integrates across fitness components and sexes. Furthermore, we tested whether two potential sources of genetic benefits—major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genotypes and multilocus heterozygosity (MLH)—are significant predictors of fitness and of the size of sexually selected traits. We found a significant, nonlinear effect of the area of black pigmentation and male body size on the number of grandoffspring, suggesting stabilizing selection on black area, and nonlinear selection favouring small body size. MLH was heritable (h2 = 0.14) and significantly predicted the number of grandoffspring, indicating the potential for genetic benefits based on heterozygosity. We also found support for local heterozygosity effects, which may reflect a noneven distribution of genetic load across the genome. MHC genotype was not significantly associated with any tested fitness component, or with the load of Gyrodactylus parasites. Neither MHC nor MLH was significant predictor of sexually selected traits. Overall, our results highlight the role of heterozygosity in determining fitness, but do not provide support for male sexually selected traits being indicators of genetic quality.
Microvascular dysfunction in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Azuma Mai , Kato Shingo , Fukui Kazuki , Horita Nobuyuki , Utsunomiya Daisuke 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough microvascular dysfunction (MVD) is considered an essential pathophysiology in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), the frequency and prognostic impact of MVD are not fully understood. This meta‐analysis evaluated the frequency of MVD in patients with HFpEF and its utility in risk stratification.Materials and MethodsOn May 26, 2022, a literature search was performed on PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane library, and Embase using the search terms such as “Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction,” “HFpEF,” “microvascular dysfunction,” and “MVD.” The prevalence of MVD in patients with HFpEF was calculated using the general inverse variance method. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to examine the association between MVD and prognosis in patients with HFpEF.ResultsData pertaining to a total of 941 patients diagnosed with HFpEF were extracted from the collective pool of 9 studies. The results of the meta‐analysis revealed that the frequency of MVD among patients with HFpEF was found to be 55.5% (95% CI: 34.8%–76.2%), with a substantial degree of heterogeneity (I2 = 98%, p for heterogeneity <.001). Among the five studies that provided data on the association between MVD and prognosis, a significant statistical association was observed in four of them.ConclusionsThis meta‐analysis revealed that approximately 50% of patients diagnosed with HFpEF exhibited MVD. Moreover, the presence of MVD demonstrated significant prognostic implications in multiple studies conducted on patients with HFpEF. These findings strongly suggest that MVD plays a crucial role in the underlying pathophysiology of patients with HFpEF.
Utility of open‐window mapping for catheter ablation of an accessory pathway in patients with Wolff‐Parkinson‐White syndrome
Authors: Yagishita Atsuhiko , Yamauchi Yasuteru , Sagawa Yuichiro , Lee Kyong Hee , Sakama Susumu , Ayabe Kengo , Amino Mari , Ikari Yuji , Yoshioka Koichiro 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundOpen‐window mapping (OWM) is a novel automated mapping method for catheter ablation of an accessory pathway (AP), in which the local signal is annotated with window‐of‐interest parameters to analyze both atrial and ventricular signals. This study aimed to determine the utility of OWM in visualizing the location and width of APs in patients with Wolff‐Parkinson‐White syndrome.MethodsThis two‐center study enrolled 30 patients (20 males; mean age: 56 years, interquartile range [IQR]: 22–69 years) who underwent high‐density OWM with the extended early‐meets‐late (EEML) algorithm using a 20‐electrode, 5‐spline catheter (PENTARAY, Biosense Webster). The lower threshold of the EEML was set to adjust the EEML gap to match the propagation mapping, and broad APs were defined as an EEML gap > 1 cm.ResultsThe median mapping points, mapping time, and lower threshold of the EEML were 2482 (IQR: 1755–4000) points, 23 (IQR: 15–30) min, and 23 (IQR: 18–25), respectively. All 30 APs (24 in the mitral annulus and 6 in the tricuspid annulus) were successfully eliminated. Of these APs, 21 (70%) were eliminated by the first radio frequency (RF) application. OWM revealed broad APs in 11 patients (37%), in four of whom (36%) the first RF application achieved a loss of AP conduction (vs. 90% of patients without broad APs; p = .004).ConclusionOWM facilitates the visualization of the location and width of APs, which may be particularly useful for predicting whether multiple RF applications are required for broad APs.
Performance appraisal justice and employees' work engagement in the public sector: Making the most of performance appraisal design
Authors: Micacchi Lorenza , Vidé Francesco , Giacomelli Giorgio , Barbieri Marta 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRegarding organizational justice, performance appraisal (PA) systems are among the most crucial mechanisms shaping the employee work experience. Nonetheless, research has mostly neglected to explain the relationship between the characteristics of PA systems, employees' perceptions of PA justice, and work engagement in the public sector. Based on a combination of observational and experimental data from 11 public sector organizations in Italy, this article aims to unfold the nature of these relationships. Following the recent calls for diversified methodological designs, a combination of structural equation modeling with a discrete choice experiment is provided. The results show that designing PA systems with rater–ratee feedback sessions and calibration mechanisms leads to fairer perceived PAs, with PA justice being associated with public employees' work engagement.
Pathways from trauma to unusual perceptual experiences: Modelling the roles of insecure attachment, negative affect, emotion regulation and dissociation
Authors: Strachan Laura P. , Paulik Georgie , Preece David A. , McEvoy Peter M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundA range of traumas have been linked to voices (auditory verbal hallucinations) and unusual perceptual experiences (UPEs) in other perceptual‐sensory domains. Models of PTSD and positive symptoms of psychosis are insufficient in explaining the relationship between trauma and voices. The trauma‐related voices (TRV) model was developed to generate novel research in this area.AimsThis study aimed to investigate pathways from trauma to the frequency of UPEs based on a subset of hypothesised relationships in the TRV model.MaterialsThe PTSD Diagnostic Scale for DSM‐5, State Adult Attachment Measure, Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales‐21, Perth Emotion and Regulation Competency Inventory, Dissociative Experiences Measure Oxford, and Multi‐modality Unusual Perceptual Experiences Questionnaire.MethodsWe used path analysis in a non‐clinical sample (N = 528) to model indirect effects from diverse trauma experiences to the frequency of multi‐sensory UPEs via a subset of mediators within the TRV model: insecure attachment, emotion regulation deficits, negative affect and dissociation.ResultsOur model was an excellent fit to the data and accounted for 37.1% of variance in UPE frequency, and all direct (βs = .14–.61) and indirect pathways (βs = .01–.08) were significant (ps < .001).DiscussionOur findings suggest that insecure attachment may link diverse trauma experiences to emotion regulation deficits and negative affect, which are linked to UPE frequency via dissociation.ConclusionOur findings provide preliminary evidence for a subset of relationships within the TRV model. Future studies are needed to gather stronger evidence of temporality and causation between these factors, and to test broader pathways within the TRV model.
PhyB‐dependent phosphorylation of mitogen‐activated protein kinase cascade MKK2‐MPK2 positively regulates red light‐induced stomatal opening
Authors: Li Yuzhen , Hui Shimiao , Yuan Yaxin , Ye Yahong , Ma Xiaohan , Zhang Xiaolu , Zhang Shasha , Zhang Chunguang , Chen Yuling 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRed light induces stomatal opening by affecting photosynthesis, metabolism and triggering signal transductions in guard cells. Phytochrome B (phyB) plays a positive role in mediating red light‐induced stomatal opening. However, phyB‐mediated red light guard cell signalling is poorly understood. Here, we found that phyB‐mediated sequential phosphorylation of mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase 2 (MAPKK2, MKK2) and MPK2 in guard cells is essential for red light‐induced stomatal opening. Mutations in MKK2 and MPK2 led to reduced stomatal opening in response to white light, and these phenotypes could be observed under red light, not blue light. MKK2 interacted with MPK2 in vitro and in plants. MPK2 was directly phosphorylated by MKK2 in vitro. Red light triggered the phosphorylation of MKK2 in guard cells, and MKK2 phosphorylation was greatly reduced in phyB mutant. Simultaneously, red light‐stimulated MPK2 phosphorylation in guard cells was inhibited in mkk2 mutant. Furthermore, mkk2 and mpk2 mutants exhibit significantly smaller stomatal apertures than that of wild type during the stomatal opening stage in the diurnal stomatal movements. Our results indicate that red light‐promoted phyB‐dependent phosphorylation of MKK2‐MPK2 cascade in guard cells is essential for stomatal opening, which contributes to the fine‐tuning of stomatal opening apertures under light.
Physical function in children and adolescents pre‐ and 1‐year post‐liver transplant
Authors: Patterson Catherine , So Stephanie , Shipley Kaitie , Shivgulam Madeline E. , Avitzur Yaron , Ng Vicky Lee 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundSeveral studies describe poorer motor developmental motor outcomes post‐liver transplant (LT) in younger children. Limited studies examine physical function in older children and adolescents pre‐ and post‐LT.MethodsRetrospective review of standard of care physical function outcome measures pre‐ and 1‐year post‐LT in children ≥6 years at LT. Measures include: 6‐minute walk test (6MWT), grip strength, Bruininks‐Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency‐2 (BOT‐2) components, Physical Activity Questionnaire (PAQ), and Paediatric Quality of Life Multidimensional Fatigue Scale. Association of medical variables with outcomes was explored.ResultsThe study cohort included 23 (8 male, median (interquartile range) age 11.67 (8.25, 13.92) years at LT) participants. Top two primary diagnoses included biliary atresia (30.4%) and fulminant hepatic failure (21.7%). At 1‐year post‐LT, over one‐third (36%) were overweight or obese. Compared with healthy norms, children had significantly lower pre‐LT PAQ scores (p = .002), pre‐ and post‐6MWT scores (p < .001) and post‐LT BOT‐2 strength and agility scores (p < .001). Pre‐LT, lower balance scores were associated with abdominal distention/ascites (p = .009) and splenomegaly (p = .017). Lower pre‐LT platelet count correlated with poorer balance (r = .532, p = .017) and lower strength and agility scores (r = .446, p = .043). Significant moderate inverse correlations were found between weight/body mass index z‐scores and BOT‐2 components. Post‐LT children continue to demonstrate decreased levels of motor proficiency and functional capacity but report less fatigue and increased physical activity.ConclusionsOlder children and adolescents undergoing LT are at risk of decreased physical function, highlighting the need for pre‐ and post‐LT rehabilitation to optimize long term outcomes.
Holistic similarities between Quine and Wittgenstein
Authors: Goldstein Rena Beatrice 
Published: July 2023

AbstractW.V. Quine and Ludwig Wittgenstein have been compared with regard to the analytic/synthetic distinction, propositions known a priori or a posteriori, mathematical and logical necessity and naturalism, amongst other topics. Following Pieranna Garavaso and Danièle Moyal‐Sharrock, I compare how Quine and Wittgenstein conceptualize a system of beliefs. Overlooked is Wittgenstein's description of the role of propositions and Quine's description of the location of propositions. The difference between the role and location signals a difference in how these frameworks conceptualize the boundary between empirical and logical propositions, and in particular the justificatory status of propositions in the system. The Wittgensteinian framework accommodates a change in the justificatory status of propositions: propositions can play at one time a rule‐like role and at another time an empirical role. For Quine, change in status refers to revising the proposition (or not) in the light of recalcitrant evidence.
Linguistic racism towards internationally educated nurses in Finland: Critical reflective analysis
Authors: Cubelo Floro 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe shortage of nurses in Finland has prompted the recruitment of Internationally Educated Nurses (IENs) from developing countries mostly with fragile health systems. However, linguistic racism has emerged as a growing threat to the safety and well‐being of IENs in the country.AimTo discuss the consequences of linguistic racism directed towards IENs and to propose solutions to address this issue.MethodThis discussion employed self‐reflection as a means of engaging in critically reflective analysis.DiscussionThe discussion highlighted the factors contributing to linguistic racism, including poor language proficiency, misrepresentation of the nursing profession due to skin color, and political tensions. The phenomenon of linguistic racism affects IENs' communication with patients and colleagues and has a detrimental impact on the mental health and overall health of IENs.ConclusionTo address the issue of linguistic racism, this discussion proposed a comprehensive strategy that includes anti‐racism training for healthcare personnel, the establishment of a conducive workplace culture that fosters diversity and inclusivity, and the provision of adequate assistance and support for IENs.