bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Systematic Review of the Impacts of Oil Spillage on Residents of Oil-Producing Communities in Nigeria
Authors: Ezeh Chukwuemeka , Onyema Vanessa , Obi Chinonye , Moneke Anene 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Oil spillage is common in oil-producing communities of Nigeria and it impacts negatively on the lives of the residents of these communities. This study analysed available research data on oil spillage incidents in these communities to determine the main causes of the spillage and its impacts on the residents. A systematic review of published studies was carried out and 20 studies were identified from the literature search. The main causes of oil spills were identified as sabotage, oil theft, illegal refining, mystery spill, operational failures, and corrosion. Over 70% of the spillages were discovered to be as a result of sabotage by restive youths. Oil spillage was found to impact on the health, source of livelihood, food security, basic amenities, and socio-economic state of the residents. The major interventions were initiated by multinational companies and were targeted at improving health services, education, infrastructure, skill acquisition, and employment, which will in turn reduce the occurrence of violence, insurgency, and human trafficking in the oil-producing communities. This study highlights the immediate and long-term consequences of oil spills on the residents of oil-host communities in Nigeria. The causes of the spills were attributed mainly to the inaction of government regulatory agencies in oil exploration. Thus, it is recommended that government regulatory agencies should be revamped and repositioned to effectively perform their duties. Interventions should be targeted at addressing the causes of the agitation of the indigenes by involving them in the decision-making process. Also, an appropriate remediation strategy should be adopted to clean up the oil spills.
RNA structure profiling at single-cell resolution reveals new determinants of cell identity
Authors: Wan Yue , Wang Jia Xu , Zhang Tong , Zhang Yu , Tan Wen Ting , Huber Roland , Lambert Finnlay 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
RNA structure is critical for multiple steps in gene regulation. However, how structures of transcripts differ both within and between individual cells is unknown. Here, we develop a method enabling the simultaneous determination of transcript structure and abundance at single-cell resolution and apply it to human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and differentiating neurons. Remarkably, RNA structure overall is more homogeneous in hESCs compared to neurons, with the greatest homogeneity found in coding regions. More extensive heterogeneity is found within 3’ UTRs and is determined by specific RNA binding proteins. Overall RNA structure profiles better discriminate cell type identity and differentiation stage than gene expression profiles alone. We further discover a cell-type variable region overlapping helix 44 of 18S rRNA that is associated with cell cycle and translation control. Our method thus opens the door to the systematic characterization of RNA structure-function relationships at single-cell resolution.
A Comparison of Intraocular Pressure Measurement using SUOER SW-500 Rebound Tonometer and Conventional Reusable Goldmann Prisms
Authors: Chaung Jia Quan , Sangapillai Thanendthire , Quilat Karen Kate , Perera Shamira 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background To determine the agreement between intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements using conventional Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) and SUOER SW-500 Rebound Tonometer.
Methods This was a prospective observational study where 205 eyes of 106 glaucoma patients had their IOPs measured by 2 fellowship trained ophthalmologists. Data were analysed using the Bland-Altman method of differences. Correlation was measured using the Pearson coefficient.
Results Most of our patients were Chinese (88.7%) and female (51.9%). The average age was 66.9 years. The range of IOPs as measured by GAT was 2 to 58 mm Hg. Using the Bland-Altman method to compare GAT and SUOER SW-500 Rebound Tonometer. The tonometer overestimated the IOP by 0.5mm Hg in the right eye and underestimated it by 0.1 mm Hg in the left eye. The Tonometer IOP correlated well with GAT, with a Pearson coefficient of correlation(r) of 0.89 (P < 0.001) for the right eye and 0.86 (P < 0.001) for the left eye, respectively. In patients with GAT IOP ≥ 21 mm Hg (n = 25), the Tonometer underestimated the IOP by 2.96 mm Hg.
Conclusions The IOP measurements from the SUOER SW-500 Rebound Tonometer correlates with the conventional GAT in measuring the IOP. SUOER SW-500 Rebound Tonometer may be of use, especially if the risk of transmission of infection is high considering that the probes are disposable. It is easy to use and its small size and portability makes it useful in situations where the patient is unable to be examined at the slit lamp.
Graft-recipient-weight ratio and lowered immunosuppression is important for the success of adult liver retransplantation: 25-year single center experience
Authors: Rhu Jinsoo , Choi Gyu-Seong , Kim Jong Man , Joh Jae-Won 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction: This study analyzed the risk of liver retransplantation and factors related to better outcome.
Methods: Adult liver transplantations performed during 1996 to 2021 were included. Comparison between first transplantation and retransplantation were performed. Among retransplantation cases, comparison between whole liver and partial liver graft was performed. Multivariable Cox analyses for analyzing risk factors for graft and overall survival were performed for the entire cohort as well as the subgroup of patients with retransplantation.
Results: A total 2237 transplantations from 2135 adults were included and 103 cases were retransplantation. A total of 44 cases (42.7%) were related to acute graft dysfunction while 59 cases (57.3%) were related to subacute or chronic graft dysfunction. Retransplantation was related poor graft (HR=3.439, CI=2.230-5.304, P<0.001) and overall survival. (HR=2.905, CI=2.089-4.040, P<0.001) Among retransplantations, mean serum FK506 trough level≥9ng/mL was related to poor graft (HR=3.692, CI=1.288-10.587, P=0.015) and overall survival. (HR=2.935, CI=1.195-7.211, P=0.019) Graft-recipient-weight ratio under 1.0% was related to poor overall survival in retransplantations. (HR=3.668, CI=1.150-11.698, P=0.028)
Conclusions: Retransplantation can be complicated with poor graft and patient survival compared to first transplantation, especially when the graft size is relatively small. Lowering the FK506 trough level during the first month can be beneficial for outcome.
Genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 screen identifies PAICS as a therapeutic target for EGFR wild-type NSCLC
Authors: Shen Hua , LI Yufeng , Wang Jing , Mao Jiaqi , Zheng Hongrui , Zhu Lingyun , Hu Ziyi , Yang Suisui , Zhou Tingting , Cao Pingping , Mao Tianyu , Wang Xuerong , Fan Lin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
EGFR-targeted therapies for NSCLC have made promising progress, whereas one-third of NSCLC patients do not benefit from them due to lack of EGFR mutations. Therefore, personalized molecular-targeted therapies are urgently needed for EGFR wild-type NSCLC patients. Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen was performed in EGFR wild-type NSCLC cell lines to identify NSCLC-specific essential genes as potential drug targets. As a result, PAICS was identified as a new therapeutic target for EGFR wild-type NSCLC. PAICS, an essential enzyme involved in de novo purine biosynthesis, is closely associated with the occurrence and development of various tumors. However, the specific biological roles and underlying mechanisms of PAICS in EGFR wild-type NSCLC remain unclear. This study firstly confirmed that PAICS significantly increased in NSCLC tissues and related to the poor prognosis of patients. Knockdown of PAICS dramatically inhibited EGFR wild-type NSCLC cell proliferation both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, PAICS silencing obviously induced cell-cycle arrest in EGFR wild-type NSCLC cells. Interestingly, the differently expressed genes caused by PAICS silencing are highly enriched in the cell cycle pathway. Mechanistic studies find that PAICS knockdown blocked cell cycle via inducing DNA damage. Further bioinformatic analysis reveals that PAICS interacted with several DNA repair genes (FANCI, MSH2, XRCC2, FANCD2, GTF2H2C). We further confirmed that PAICS deficiency decreased the expression of DNA repair genes, which eventually reduced DNA-repair efficiency. Altogether, our findings demonstrate that PAICS plays an oncogenic role in EGFR wild-type NSCLC, which is a potential therapeutic target for EGFR wild-type NSCLC.
The anthelmintic efficacy of ivermectin, levamisole and albendazole against strongyle and tapeworm infections in sheep
Authors: Bagulo Issah , Imoru Latif , Abdul-Rahman Ibn Iddriss 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The biggest obstacles to the welfare and productivity of small ruminants worldwide are gastrointestinal tract parasite infections. These parasites have been controlled largely by chemical anthelmintics. However, these parasites have developed resistance to some of these anthelmintics. Unfortunately, Ghanaians are not aware of the exact level of resistance that these parasites have developed against the known anthelmintics. This study was conducted to determine the efficacies of albendazole, ivermectin and levamisole against strongyle and tapeworm infections in Sheep.
Sixty (60) sheep were chosen at random and split equally into four groups: the first group received albendazole, the second group received ivermectin, the third group received levamisole, and the fourth group received distilled water. Faecal samples were directly collected from the rectum of each animal at Pre-treatment (Day0) and post-treatment (Day7 and Day14). The faecal samples were conveyed to the Spanish laboratory of the University for Development Studies, and analyzed using the modified McMaster method. At Day14 post-treatment, the fecal egg count reduction test and cure rate were used to determine the effectiveness of the anthelmintics.
The efficacies of albendazole, ivermectin, and levamisole, were 86.2%, 89.8%, and 95.4%, respectively, against strongyles. Levamisole had 0% cure rate against tapeworm infection in sheep at day14 post-treatment. This study brought to light that, the strongyles in the study area are suspected of developing resistance to albendazole and ivermectin.
Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Impacts of Chronic Kidney Disease on Retinal Ageing: An International Multi-Country Analysis
Authors: Guo Xiao , Tan Shaoying , Cheng Weijing , Yuan Yixiong , He Mingguang , Zhu Zhuoting , Huang Wenyong , Wang Wei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness is an early and sensitive biomarker for NDDs, but previous studies have yielded conflicting results.
Objective
To assess the effect of CKD on GCIPL thickness in multi-country cohorts.
Method
This prospective observational study included 23,014 non-NDDs individuals from the UK Biobank, and three years of continuous follow-up data of 2,197 individuals from a Chinese cohort. Three groups were defined by eGFR based on serum creatinine classifying CKD severity as no CKD, Mild-CKD, and moderate-to-severe CKD (MS-CKD). The GCIPL thickness and its decline rate measured using optical coherence tomography.
Results
In the cross-sectional analysis, poorer renal function negatively correlated with GCIPL thickness with the mean decrease of 0.15 µm (95% CI -0.30 to -0.01; p = 0.038) in mild CKD, and 0.83 µm (95% CI -1.34 to -0.32; p = 0.002) in MS-CKD, compared to that of controls without CKD. Longitudinal analysis showed that the GCIPL decreased more rapidly in persons with poorer renal function. After correcting for confounders, the rate of GCIPL decline accelerated significantly as the CKD severity increased, by 0.30 µm/year (95% CI -0.41 to -0.19; p < 0.001) in mild CKD patients and by 0.52 µm/year (95% CI -0.79 − -0.26; p < 0.001) in MS-CKD, compared to controls without CKD. This relationship sustained in individuals with diabetes or hypertension.
Conclusions
Renal impairment accelerated the rate at which GCIPL thickness decreased over time, which hold across ethnicities and persons with varied health statuses.
Carcinogenesis promotion in oral squamous cell carcinoma: KDM4A complex-mediated gene transcriptional suppression by LEF1
Authors: Hou yiming , Yu Wenqian , wu gaoyi , Wang Zhaoling , Leng Shuai , Dong Ming , Li Na , Chen Lei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent cancer of the mouth, characterised by rapid progression and poor prognosis. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop predictive targets for early diagnosis, prognosis determination, and clinical therapy. Dysregulation of lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (LEF1), an important transcription factor involved in the Wnt-β-catenin pathway, contributes to poor prognosis of OSCC. Herein, we explored the correlation of LEF1 with Histone lysine demethylase 4A (KDM4A). We confirmed that the KDM4A complex was recruited by LEF1 and specifically bound to the promoter region of LATS2, thereby inhibiting its expression, and consequently promoting cell proliferation and impeding apoptosis in OSCC. Lastly, we established NOD/SCID mouse xenograft models using CAL-27 cells to conduct an in vivo analysis of the roles of LEF1 and KDM4A in tumour growth. Overall, the results of this study demonstrate that LEF1 plays a pivotal role in OSCC development and has potential to serve as a target for early diagnosis and treatment of OSCC.
Comparison of the learning outcomes achieved through text-based and video-based online training of anesthesia residents in jet ventilation and anesthesia techniques for microlaryngeal surgery: a multicenter randomized trial
Authors: Kanavitoon Sawita , Chumpathong Saowapark , Chutipongtanate Arpa , Tanasansuttiporn Jutarat , Rattanaarpa Sirirat 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Effective clinical training is essential for healthcare personnel with clinical skill requirements to ensure that the required standard of care is provided. This study aimed to identify an effective learning medium for anesthesia residents by comparing text-based and video-based online training.
Methods
This randomized, multicenter study was conducted online between October 2020 and March 2021. Three Thai institutions were involved: the Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University; the Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University; and the Faculty of Medicine, Songklanagarind Hospital, Prince of Songkla University. In all, 126 anesthesia residents responded. They were randomized into a “text group” and a “video group.” Four residents were subsequently excluded from the analyses due to contamination of their learning material from the other group. The 122 eligible students undertook 3 knowledge and skill assessments (“Pretest,” “Posttest 1,” and “Posttest 2”). The primary outcome for both study groups was the gain score after training. This was measured in 2 ways: the difference between the Posttest 1 and Pretest scores and the difference between the Posttest 2 and Pretest scores.
Results
The mean gain scores for Pretest and Posttest 1 were 6.78 ± 6.59 for the text group and 5.77 ± 3.74 for the video group, with no significant difference (P = 0.347). The mean differences between the Posttest 2 and Pretest scores were 4.69 ± 9.13 for the text group and 3.47 ± 9.07 for the video group, without a significant difference (P = 0.488). The mean satisfaction score of the video group was significantly higher.
Conclusions
This study demonstrated a significantly higher degree of satisfaction with video-based training but without a significant commensurate improvement in gain score. The results suggest that the online video technique can be helpful in the teaching of clinical skills.
A Metanalysis Study on Internal Compression Therapy (ICT) in Deep Venous Insufficiency Therapy
Authors: Dinc Rasit 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this meta-analysis study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the new internal compression therapy (ICT) system in deep vein insufficiency (DVI). Surgical treatments are impractical, and the success rate is lower in the treatment of deep vein insufficiency (DVI). We have developed a new technology called the ICT valve leak sealer reconstruction system (Invamed RD Global, Ankara/Turkey) for the treatment of primary DVI by applying internal compression. Three research articles were evaluated in this meta-analysis study, searched PubMed and Scholar Google using the words "internal compression therapy" and deep vein insufficiency therapy. Original full text articles on the ICT System for the treatment of DVI were considered eligible studies published until July 2022 In the included studies, the procedure time was 11–23 minutes. At the end of one year or more of follow-up, the anatomical success rate was greater than 92%. The diameters of the veins decreased significantly. Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS) and Quality of Life (QoL) scores have improved at statistically significant rates. The ICT is a minimally invasive, fast, safe, and effective percutaneous method for the treatment of patients with DVI. The procedure can be applied in outpatient conditions and improves the patient's clinic in a short time.
Onabotulinum toxin A vs. incobotulinum toxin A for the treatment of chronic migraine: a retrospective review
Authors: Lucchese Scott , Daripa Bob , Pulimamidi Shruthi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Onabotulinum toxin A (OnA) is a well-tolerated and effective treatment for chronic migraine (CM). However, based on research indications that incobotulinum toxin A (InA) would be equally effective, a Veterans’ Health Administration Medical Center mandated a 2-year trial of InA as more cost-effective alternative to OnA. Although InA is used for many similar indications as OnA, it is not Food and Drug Administration approved for treating CM, and complications occurred in several patients with CM following this treatment change. We conducted this retrospective analysis to evaluate differences in the efficacy of OnA and InA and identify the reasons for the adverse effects of InA in some of these patients.
Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 42 patients who had been effectively treated with OnA and were then switched to InA. The differences between treatment responses to OnA and InA were assessed through the evaluation of pain on injection, number of headache days, and duration of action. Patients received injections at 10- to 13-week intervals. Those who reported excessive pain on injection of InA were switched back to OnA.
Findings: Severe burning pain on injection was reported by 16 (38%) patients for InA only and by 1 (2%) patient for both InA and OnA. Neither migraine suppression nor the duration of effect was significantly different between OnA and InA.
Conclusions: Reformulation of InA with a pH-buffered solution may eliminate the difference in pain on injection. InA would then be a good alternative to OnA for treating CM.
Healthcare Team Resilience During COVID-19: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Ambrose John , Catchpole Ken , Evans Heather , Nemeth Lynne , Layne Diana , Michelle Nichols 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND
Resilience has been identified as the ability to maintain the safety and the performance of healthcare systems and is aligned with the principles of anticipation, monitoring, adaptation, and learning. In early 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic challenged the resilience of US healthcare systems due to the lack of equipment, supply interruptions, and a shortage of personnel. The purpose of this qualitative research was to describe resilience in the healthcare team during the COVID-19 pandemic with the healthcare team situated as a singular cognizant entity defined by its collective identity, purpose, competence, and actions.
METHODS
We developed a descriptive model which considered the healthcare team as a unified cognizant entity. This model combined elements from the Patient Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety (SEIPS) and the Advanced Team Decision Making (ADTM) models. Using a qualitative descriptive design and guided by our adapted model, we conducted individual interviews with healthcare team members across the United States. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis and extracted codes were organized within the adapted model framework. To ensure the rigor of our study, we utilized the input of an expert in qualitative researcher and maintained an audit trail throughout the analysis process. Additionally, we explored factors participants’ described that may have either hindered or enhanced the resilience potentials within the healthcare team.
RESULTS
Five themes were identified from the interviews with acute care professionals across the US (N = 22): working in a pressure cooker, consistent with working in a high stress environment; healthcare team cohesion, applying past lessons to present challenges, congruent with transferring past skills to current situations; knowledge gaps, and altruistic behaviors, aligned with sense of duty and personal responsibility to the team. Participants’ described how their ability to adapt to their environment was negatively impacted by uncertainty, inconsistent communication of information, and emotions of anxiety, fear, frustration, and stress. Cohesion with co-workers, transferability of skills, and altruistic behavior enhanced healthcare team performance.
CONCLUSION
Working within the extreme unprecedented circumstances of COVID-19 affected the ability of the healthcare team to anticipate and adapt to the rapidly changing environment. Both team cohesion and altruistic behavior promoted resilience. The adapted model was useful to describe the healthcare team as a singular cognizant entity. Our research contributes to a growing understanding of the importance of resilience in healthcare and provides a bridge between individual and organizational resilience.
Artificial Intelligence driven Intrusion Detection Framework for the Internet of Medical Things
Authors: Shambharkar Prashant Giridhar , Sharma Nikhil 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The fusion of the internet of things (IoT) in the healthcare discipline has appreciably improved the medical treatment and operations activities of patients. Using the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) technology, a doctor may treat more patients and save lives by employing real-time patient monitoring (RPM) and outlying diagnostics. Despite the many advantages, cyber-attacks on linked healthcare equipment can jeopardize privacy and even endanger the patient's health. However, it is a significant problem to offer high-safety attributes that ensure the secrecy and accuracy of patient health data. Any modification to the data might impact how the patients are treated, resulting in human fatalities under emergency circumstances. To assure patients' data safety and privacy in the network, and to meet the enormous requirement for IoMT devices with efficient healthcare services for the huge population, a secured robust model is necessary. Artificial Intelligence (AI) based approaches like Machine Learning (ML), and Deep Learning (DL) have the potential to be useful methodology for intrusion detection because of the high dynamicity and enormous dimensionality of the data used in such systems. In this paper, three DL models have been proposed to build an intrusion detection system (IDS) for IoMT network. With a 100% accuracy rate, our proposed AI models exceed the current existing methodology in detecting network intrusions by utilizing the patient’s biometric data features with network traffic flow. Furthermore, a thorough examination of employing several ML and DL approaches has been discussed for detecting intrusion in the IoMT network.