bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving medication dispensing and counselling for patients with vision impairment: A qualitative study of pharmacist-reported barriers and facilitators
Authors: Kentab Basma Y. , Barry Heather E. , Al-Aqeel Sinaa A. , Hughes Carmel M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
People with vision impairment encounter many difficulties when it comes to medicines use. However, evidence indicates that there are major gaps in pharmaceutical care service provision worldwide and limited research on interventions to optimise medication use for this patient population. The Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) provides a method for theoretically understanding individuals’ behaviour and informing development of interventions. The aim of this research was to (a) identify the barriers/facilitators to the provision of medication dispensing and counselling services by pharmacists to patients with vision impairment, and (b) identify key TDF domains to be targeted in a future intervention.
Methods
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with pharmacists from different pharmacy practice settings/areas in Saudi Arabia. The 14-domain TDF was utilised as the theoretical lens through which pharmacists’ behaviours were examined. Interviews were conducted in Arabic or English, either face-to-face or over the telephone based on the participant’s preference. Following transcription, interviews conducted in Arabic were translated into English before analysis. Data analysis involved using the framework method and content analysis to identify important barriers and facilitators to the provision of dispensing/counselling services to those with vision impairment. Key TDF domains that could be targeted in a future intervention were then identified using a consensus-based approach.
Results
Twenty-six pharmacists were interviewed. Pharmacists’ experience in pharmacy practice ranged from two to 28 years. A range of barriers and facilitators were highlighted as important in providing services to those with vision impairment. Eight domains were identified as ‘key domains’ including: ‘Knowledge’, ‘Skills’, ‘Beliefs about capabilities’, ‘Goals’, ‘Memory, attention, and decision processes’, ‘Environmental context and resources’, ‘Social influences’, and ‘Behavioural regulation’.
Conclusions
Barriers and facilitators identified by pharmacists will inform the development of an intervention to ensure its applicability to everyday practice. Key domains identified in this study will be targeted in this intervention that will be developed to improve medication dispensing and counselling by pharmacists to patients with vision impairment.
TSEE: A Novel Knowledge Embedding Framework for Cyberspace Security
Authors: Zhao Angxiao , Gu Zhaoquan , Jia Yan , Feng Wenying , Yang Jianye , Zhang Yanchun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Knowledge representation models have been extensively studied and they providean important foundation for artificial intelligence. However, the existing knowledge representation models or related knowledge embedding methods mostly aimat static or temporal knowledge, which are not suitable for highly spatio-temporalrelevant knowledge, such as the cyber security knowledge. In this paper, we propose a knowledge embedding framework called TSEE to handle this problem,which builds on the MDATA model to represent and utilize dynamic knowledgefor cyber security. TSEE is composed of knowledge extraction module, knowledgerepresentation module, knowledge embedding module, and situational awareness module. There modules can obtain, transform, and embed cyber securityknowledge from different sources, improving the detection capabilities of variouscomplicated attacks. We conduct experiments on the cyber range for evaluation,and the experimental results validate the higher prediction accuracy and strongerextendability than existing embedding methods. The framework can effectivelyimprove the cyber security defense capabilities in the future.
Impact of emergency physician performed ultrasound in the evaluation of adult patients with acute abdominal pain: a prospective randomized bicentric trial
Authors: Brau François , Papin Mathilde , Batard Eric , Abet Emeric , Frampas Eric , Thuaut Aurélie Le , Montassier Emmanuel , Bastard Quentin Le , Conte Philippe Le 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Abdominal pain is common in patients visiting the emergency department (ED). The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) in patients presenting to the ED with acute abdominal pain.
Methods
We designed an interventional randomized, controlled, open label, parallel-group, trial in two French EDs. We included adult patients presenting to the ED with acute abdominal pain. Exclusion criteria were a documented end-of-life, an immediate need of life-support therapy and pregnant or breast-feeding women. Patients were randomized in the experimental group (i.e., workup including POCUS) or control group (usual care). The primary objective of the study was to assess the added value of POCUS on diagnostic pathway in the ED, according to the diagnostic established a posteriori by an adjudication committee. The primary endpoint was the proportion of exact preliminary diagnosis between the 2 groups. The preliminary diagnosis made after clinical examination and biological results with POCUS (intervention arm) or without POCUS (usual care) was considered exact if it was similar to the adjudication committee diagnosis.
Results
Between June 2021 and June 2022, 256 patients were randomized, but five were not included in the primary analysis, leaving 125 patients in the POCUS group and 126 patients in the usual care group (130 women and 121 men, mean age 45 + 18 years old). There was no difference for exact diagnosis between the two groups (POCUS 70/125, 56% versus control 78/126 (62%), OR 1.23 [95%CI: 0.74 - 2.04]). There was no difference in the accuracy for the diagnosis of non-specific abdominal pain nor number of biological or radiological exams. Diagnostic delays and length of stay in the ED were also similar.
Conclusions
In this trial, systematic POCUS did not improve the rate of diagnostic accuracy in unselected patients presenting to the ED with acute abdominal pain. Further research should focus on the accuracy of POCUS in more selected patients.
Trial registration
This trial was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov on 2022/07/20 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04912206?id=NCT04912206&rank=1) (NCT04912206)
Study on cutting force of ultrasonic cutting disc cutter for Nomex honeycomb material
Authors: Wu Jiace , Hu Xiaoping , Ji Hua-wei , Zhu Qiyuan , Hong Weijun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
To systematically investigate the specific factors influencing cutting force variations in ultrasonic cutting of Nomex honeycomb materials with disc cutters, a comprehensive theoretical framework was developed. This framework incorporates cutting parameters like feed speed, cutting width, and ultrasonic amplitude to establish a theoretical cutting force formula. Through an analysis of ultrasonic vibration-assisted cutting motion trajectories with a disc cutter, a microscopic model of material removal for Nomex honeycomb cutting was developed. This model decouples the isotropic motion of the disc cutter, yielding theoretical cutting force formulas for different directions, elucidating the reduction in cutting force under ultrasonic influence in both the vibration and feed directions. The formulated theoretical cutting force expressions were verified through ultrasonic cutting experiments. Results indicate that when cutting Nomex honeycomb materials with a disc cutter in the vibration direction, cutting force reduction arises from narrowing the effective cutting width between the tool and the material, and from intermittent contact that minimizes tool-material interaction time. A corresponding cutting force expression for this direction was established. In the feed direction, a mechanism similar to intermittent cutting with a straight blade is observed. Ultrasonic vibration's impact stress induces tensile stress in the uncut section, prompting microcrack propagation in the material's front end and reducing fracture stress, thus diminishing the cutting force. A damage factor was introduced to establish the cutting force expression in the feed direction. Error analysis comparing theoretical and experimental cutting force values under varying parameters revealed average errors of 32%, 36%, and 23% for different feed speeds, ultrasonic amplitudes, and cutting widths. These findings provide theoretical backing for optimizing cutting parameters.
Simple, sensitive, and cost-effective voltammetric determination of salbutamol at a pencil graphite electrode modified with Nafion and functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Dilgin Didem Giray , Vural Kader , Karakaya Serkan , Dilgin Yusuf 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study describes a simple, highly sensitive, and cost-effective electrochemical determination of salbutamol (SBT) at a disposable pencil graphite electrode modified with nafion/functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes composite material (Nf/f-MWCNTs/PGE). The electrochemical response of SBT at this modified electrode was investigated by both differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques. The voltammetric measurements confirmed that the combination of f-MWCNTs with Nf shows remarkable electrocatalytic activity on the oxidation of SBT due to a synergistic effect of Nf via electrostatic interaction and f-MWCNTs via excellent conductivity and large specific surface area. DPV results show that the composite electrode gives two linear ranges of 0.10–17.5 µM and 17.5–100 µM with a detection limit (LOD) of 0.027 µM SBT. Moreover, the studies of some potential interferants show that there is no significant interference in the determination of SBT. The proposed procedure was successfully applied to determine SBT in tube- and syrup-type pharmaceutical formulations and acceptable results were obtained with high accuracy and precision. Moreover, the proposed sensor displays good intraday and interday precision for the voltammetric determination of SBT..
RETRACTED: Characterization of self-curing concrete's strength and microstructural parameters using pumice stone, polyethylene glycol, light expanded clay aggregate, and super absorbent polymers
Authors: Patil Mahesh Navnath Patil , Dubey Shailendrakumar D. Dubey , Patil Hiteshkumar Santosh Patil 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
A phase diagram of the pinch-off-type behavior of impulsively-induced viscoelastic liquid jets
Authors: Hosokawa Asuka , Kamamoto Kyota , Watanabe Hiroya , Kusuno Hiroaki , Kobayashi Kazuya , Tagawa Yoshiyuki 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this study, we systematically investigate the jet behaviors of viscoelastic liquids, focusing on the region of high velocity and high viscoelasticity, which has not been investigated in previous studies. We generate viscoelastic jets using an impulsive force and categorize the resulting jets into two types: pinch-off jets (jets that break up during elongation after ejection) and no-pinch-off jets (jets that pull back to the nozzle after maximum elongation or jets that return without elongation after ejection). We then propose criteria to characterize these regions using the Weissenberg number and the Reynolds number, which are dimensionless numbers composed of the rheological properties of the solution and the initial conditions of the jet injection. It is found that pinch-off jets occur at Re ≳ 23.4Wi in regions of high elasticity Wi ≳ 10, and at Re ≳ 250 in regions of low elasticity Wi ≲ 10. We also show that the phase diagram can be explained by modeling a focused jet using the finitely extensible non-linear elastic dumbbell model with the Chilcott–Rallison closure approximation (FENE-CR).
Analysis of drought characteristics and comparison of historical typical years with 2022 drought in the Yangtze River Basin
Authors: Xing Lisong , Zhao Ruxin , Sun Hongquan , Li Ming , Tan Zhuoyan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In 2022, the Yangtze River Basin (YRB) suffered an unprecedented drought event with long duration, large-scale and high severity, catastrophic impacting on agriculture, ecology, industrial production and economic life. In order to investigate the evolution characteristics of the drought event in 2022, and discuss the similarities and differences with its similar historical drought years, this study focused the droughts in July-October (summer and autumn), used the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) as drought indicator, and applied the methods of Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF), Pettitt test, and wavelet analysis to explore the drought spatial and temporal distribution pattern, the drought mutability, and the drought periodicity in YRB during 1951-2022. By utilizing the clustering method, we obtained the similar drought years with 2022 drought spatial pattern. The results shown that the drought in the YRB in 2022 mainly presented a "basin-wide" drought spatial distribution pattern based on the first mode of EOF. The main periodicity of the "basin-wide" drought spatial distribution pattern was about 50 years. The July drought distribution patterns in 1952, 1953 and 2006 were most similar to that in 2022, however, the drought evolution patterns were obviously different after August. By comparison, the YRB suffered from the largest drought impacted area in 2022, and the impacted area proportions of severe and extreme drought increased at the fastest speed.
Structural Brain Correlates of Sleep Microstructure in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2 and its role on clinical phenotype
Authors: Rodriguez-Labrada Roberto , Canales-Ochoa Nalia , Galicia-Polo Maria de Lourdes , Cruz-Rivas Edilia , Romanzetti Sandro , Peña-Acosta Arnoy , Estupiñan-Rodriguez Annelié , Vázquez-Mojena Yaimeé , Dogan Imis , Auburger Georg , Reetz Kathrin , Velazquez-Perez Luis 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background. The influence of brain atrophy on sleep microstructure impairments in Spinocerebellar Ataxias (SCAs) has not been extensively explored limiting the use of these sleep traits as surrogate biomarkers of neurodegeneration and clinical phenotype. Objective. To explore the relationship between sleep microstructure and the brain atrophy in SCA2 and its role on the clinical phenotype Methods. Fourteen SCA2 mutation carriers (7 pre-manifest and 7 manifest subjects) underwent polysomnographic, structural MRI and clinical assessments. Particularly, markers of REM and non-REM sleep microstructure, measures of cerebellar and brainstem atrophy, and clinical scores were analyzed through correlation and mediation analyses. Results. The sleep spindle activity was directly correlated with the cerebellar volume and the anteroposterior diameter of the pons. Sleep spindles significantly mediated the effect of the cerebellar atrophy on verbal memory test performance. In REM sleep, Phasic EMG activity and REM sleep without atonia were both directly associated with pontine atrophy but showed no causal mediation effect between the atrophy measures and disease severity markers. Conclusions. Our study provides evidence about the association of the pontocerebellar atrophy with sleep microstructure in SCA2 offering insights into the cerebellar involvement in cognition via the control of the sleep spindles activity. Therefore, our findings may help to understand the disease pathogenesis and to better characterize sleep microstructure parameters as useful disease biomarkers. Clinical trial registration number (TRN): No applicable
Modulation of the growth properties, body trophic component, immune response and immunity-related gene expression of red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii upon dietary fucoidan
Authors: Lan Yusi , Liu Yuqing , Li Xue , Mao Yingming , Wu Shengjun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study explored the effects of dietary fucoidan supplementation on the growth properties, muscle trophic component and innate immunity of red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii. Four trial dies were formulated by replacing 0, 1, 3 and 5 g of cellulose with equivalent fucoidan in the basic diet of crayfish and denoted as F0, F1, F3 and F5, respectively. Dietary fucoidansupplementation improved the survival rate, body weight gain rate, specific growth, feed efficiency, muscle protein level, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase activities and the numbers of total haemocyte count, granular cells, hyaline cells and semigranular cells and the expression of Astacidin, HSP70 and CuZnSOD as well as diseased resistance against white spot syndrome virusand decreased muscle lipid content compared with those fed with F0 diet. However, a high fucoidan dosage (F5) did not improve the growth properties compared with a medium fucoidan dosage (F3). In view of the efficiency of fucoidan in improving the growth propertiesof crayfish, the best dosage of fucoidan supplementation is 3 g/kg. Results indicated that fucoidan can promote the growth properties, ameliorate the body trophic component and increase the innate immunity and disease resistance of crayfish.
Trail Making Test Part B as a Preclinical Indicator and Proxy for Spatial Navigation Change in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Nevers Jennifer 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background Preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) may create unrecognized risks for physical injury and death due reduction of acetylcholine and disease presence in brain areas involved with spatial navigation (SN). Possible preclinical changes in SN, such as driving, might be indicated by performance on the Trails Making Test Part B (TMT-B). This neuropsychiatric test has time to completion scores associated with at-risk driving ability.Methods A retrospective longitudinal secondary analysis with linear mixed-effects were performed on TMT-B spanning 1 to 15 years of data on cognitively normal (pre-AD) individuals who later developed AD dementia and compared to those who did not develop the disease (non-AD). Effect size analysis was performed on individual annual time points without confidence interval overlap.Results 1104 pre-AD and 14,663 non-AD participants were included from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center. The pre-AD individuals demonstrated scores associated with at-risk driving. The pre-AD group increased by 3.498 seconds per year, p < .001, whereas the non-AD group increased by 1.845 seconds, p < .001. Effect size range: Cohens d = .217 to .631. Pre-Ad females increased by 3.695 seconds per year, p < .001, .843 p < .001. Effect size range: Cohens d = .383 to .692. Pre-AD males increased by 3.189 seconds per year, p < .001, compared to non-AD males increase of 1.890 seconds, p < .001, with an effect size range of Cohens d = 0.259 to 0.520.Conclusion The TMT-B may serve as a preclinical screening instrument in longitudinal studies, inform further inquiry for SN risks in this population, and correlation with changes in brain acetylcholine levels
Effect of sodium chloride on the enhanced performance of chitosan-based ion actuator
Authors: Cui Zhaoyang , Zhao Xiaoli , Jia Weikun , Ren Yueming , Xu Yan , Lv Yanzhuo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

In this work, an actuate membrane and an electrode membrane were prepared by a sol-gel method. And then, they were physically pressed to form a chitosan-based ion actuator (CSIA). Importantly, the effect of sodium chloride on CSIA were investigated, the mechanical properties of CSIA were tested by establishing an output force test platform while testing its porosity. And, the electrochemical performance was tested by electrochemical workstation. At the end, the surface morphology and functional groups were measured by scanning electron microscopy and Infrared spectrogram, respectively. The results indicated that the sodium chloride mass ratio was the best at 0.4 % for CSIA. Its output force of mechanical properties could attain at 2.939 mN and the maximum porosity of 12.98 % at the same time. The specific capacitance of the electrochemical performance was up to 0.07719 F g-1, and the minimum resistance reached 13.48 Ω. From the surface morphology and functional groups, the appropriate doping ratio of Nacl into CSIA was helpful for increasing the transport space of internal ions. The effective internal ion concentration and significantly reduced internal stress provided excellent performances under the appropriate voltage conditions. The doping of inorganic ion sodium chloride improved the internal electron transport efficiency of chitosan ion actuator, and it advanced the mechanical properties of the actuator. Hence the enhancement of Nacl output force in CSIA had a good significance for the development of inorganic salt ion strengthened ion actuator.
Unveiling the Calcium Hydroxide Impact: Comparison of Push-out Bond Strength in AHplus and ADseal Resin-based Endodontic Sealers
Authors: Habashi Mina Seyed , Baghban Neda , Nabavizadeh Mohammadreza , Khakpoor Maryam , Jafari Nazanin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives: This in vitro study aimed to evaluate effects of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) on bond-strength of two resin-based endodontic sealers, AHplus and ADseal. In light of ADseal's recent introduction to the dental market and the absence of research on the effects of Ca(OH)2 on its bonding strength to dentinal walls, our investigation sought to fill this gap in knowledge.
Methods: Root canals of 128 single-rooted teeth were prepared and randomly divided into two groups (n = 64): Control group without Ca(OH)2 and experimental group with Ca(OH)2 inside canals. After a week of keeping samples at 100% humidity and 37°C, Ca(OH)2 was removed, and the samples were further subdivided into two subgroups (n = 32) for filling with AHplus sealer or ADseal sealer. Following another week of incubation, the samples were cut into 2mm thick plates and subjected to pressure. Maximum force was measured in Newton just before bond failure and calculated using push-out bond-strength in MPa.
Results: The results showed average bonding-strength of AHplus sealer in treatment group with Ca(OH)2 was significantly lower than in group without Ca(OH)2 (p-value=0.00). However, no significant was observed in the average bonding-strength between the control and treatment groups with Ca(OH)2 in ADseal (p-value=0.36). Comparing control groups, the average bond strength of AHplus sealer was significantly higher than that of ADseal sealer (p-value=0.01). Interestingly, the average bonding-strength of ADseal Sealer in experimental group was significantly more than AHplus sealer (p-value=0.00).
Conclusions: This study highlights that the presence of Ca(OH)2 decreases bonding-strength of AHplus sealer while it does not significantly affect the bond strength of ADseal sealers. These findings provide valuable insights into the interplay between calcium hydroxide and resin-based endodontic sealers, contributing to a deeper understanding of their performance and potential applications in clinical settings.