bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex and Gender Differences in Psychosocial Risk Profiles Among Patients with Coronary Heart Disease — the THORESCI-Gender Study
Authors: van den Houdt Sophie C. M. , Mommersteeg Paula M. C. , Widdershoven Jos , Kupper Nina 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Psychosocial factors tend to cluster and exhibit differences associated with sex assigned at birth. Gender disparities, though, remain uncharted so far. The current study aimed to first explore the clustering of eight established psychosocial risk factors among patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), followed by examining how sex and gender differences characterize these psychosocial risk profiles, while adjusting for the effect of age.

Method
In total, 532 patients with CHD (Mage = 68.2 ± 8.9; 84% male) completed the comprehensive psychosocial screener and questionnaires to gauge gender identity, traits, and sociocultural norm scores. A three-step latent profile analysis (LPA) was performed to identify latent profiles and their correlates.

Results
LPA revealed six psychosocial risk profiles: (1) somewhat distressed overall (32%); (2) low distress (27%); (3) anger, hostility, and Type D (15%); (4) emotional distress and trauma (11%); (5) anxiety (9%); and (6) high overall distress (7%). Masculine traits and older age increased the odds to belong to the low distress profile (#2), while feminine traits and a feminine gender norm score increased the chance to belong to profiles with moderate to high distress. The effects of gender identity and feminine traits were sex dependent.

Conclusion
The current study’s findings explain heterogeneity among patients with CHD by considering the joint occurrence of psychosocial risk factors, and the role of sex, age, and gender within those profiles. Being more sensitive to the roles that sex, gender, and an integrated set of risk factors play may ultimately improve treatment and adherence.
Medical School Clinical Trials Educational Intervention: Impact on Knowledge and Attitudes
Authors: Anzai Nicole E. , Wieland Jana , Kasuya Richard T. , Higuchi Paula , Cassel Kevin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMedical student knowledge and opinions of clinical research have important ramifications for how likely they will be to refer patients into clinical trials as practicing physicians. This study examined students understanding, knowledge, and attitudes about clinical trials at the start of medical school and after completion of a multi-faceted intervention designed to increase medical students’ confidence in understanding and explaining clinical trials during the pre-clinical and clinical years. Medical students were surveyed about their knowledge of and attitudes toward clinical trials in their first (N = 724) and third (N = 191) years of medical school. During the intervening years, students attend a lecture delivered by University of Hawai ‘i Cancer Center faculty, were provided a resource manual from National Cancer Institute, participated in two problem-based learning clinical scenarios, and completed an optional practicum. After completing the comprehensive clinical trials education, there were significant increases in student understanding and knowledge and a decrease in student perception that clinical trials exploit participants. Most students agreed or strongly agreed that inclusion of clinical trials in the curriculum was important and would influence their future practice. Integration of clinical trials education into the medical school curriculum improved students’ understanding of clinical research, their ability to communicate the clinical trials process, and confidence in conducting, referring to, and locating clinical trials. Medical students appreciate the importance of clinical trials in advancing medicine and medical education. Further integration of clinical trials education and opportunities to engage in research during medical school are warranted to address students’ uncertainty about the benefits of participation for patients.
Does practice make perfect? Laparoscopic training mainly improves motion efficiency: a prospective trial
Authors: von Bechtolsheim Felix , Petzsch Stefanie , Schmidt Sofia , Schneider Alfred , Bodenstedt Sebastian , Funke Isabel , Speidel Stefanie , Radulova-Mauersberger Olga , Distler Marius , Weitz Jürgen , Mees Soeren Torge , Oehme Florian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTraining improves skills in minimally invasive surgery. This study aimed to investigate the learning curves of complex motion parameters for both hands during a standardized training course using a novel measurement tool. An additional focus was placed on the parameters representing surgical safety and precision. Fifty-six laparoscopic novices participated in a training course on the basic skills of minimally invasive surgery based on a modified Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery (FLS) curriculum. Before, twice during, and once after the practical lessons, all participants had to perform four laparoscopic tasks (peg transfer, precision cut, balloon resection, and laparoscopic suture and knot), which were recorded and analyzed using an instrument motion analysis system. Participants significantly improved the time per task for all four tasks (all p < 0.001). The individual instrument path length decreased significantly for the dominant and non-dominant hands in all four tasks. Similarly, both hands became significantly faster in all tasks, with the exception of the non-dominant hand in the precision cut task. In terms of relative idle time, only in the peg transfer task did both hands improve significantly, while in the precision cut task, only the dominant hand performed better. In contrast, the motion volume of both hands combined was reduced in only one task (precision cut, p = 0.01), whereas no significant improvement in the relative time of instruments being out of view was observed. FLS-based skills training increases motion efficiency primarily by increasing speed and reducing idle time and path length. Parameters relevant for surgical safety and precision (motion volume and relative time of instruments being out of view) are minimally affected by short-term training. Consequently, surgical training should also focus on safety and precision-related parameters, and assessment of these parameters should be incorporated into basic skill training accordingly.
A systematic literature review on sustainability issues along the value chain in insurance companies and pension funds
Authors: Aburto Barrera Laura Iveth , Wagner Joël 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSustainability is now a priority issue that governments, businesses and society in general must address in the short term. In their role as major global institutional investors and risk managers, insurance companies and pension funds are strategic players in building socio-economic and sustainable development. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the current state of action and research on environmental, social and governance (ESG) factors in the insurance and pension sectors, we conduct a systematic literature review. We rely on the PRISMA protocol and analyze 1 731 academic publications available in the Web of Science database up to the year 2022 and refer to 23 studies outside of scientific research retrieved from the websites of key international and European organizations. To study the corpus of literature, we introduce a classification framework along the insurance value chain including external stakeholders. The main findings reveal that risk, underwriting and investment management are the most researched areas among the nine categories considered in our framework, while claims management and sales tend to be neglected. Regarding ESG factors, climate change, as part of the environmental factor, has received the most attention in the literature. After reviewing the literature, we summarize the main sustainability issues and potential related actions. Given the current nature of the sustainability challenges for the insurance sector, this literature review is relevant to academics and practitioners alike.
Secure data sharing with blockchain for remote health monitoring applications: a review
Authors: Upadrista Venkatesh , Nazir Sajid , Tianfield Huaglory 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRemote Health Monitoring (RHM) is going to reinvent the future healthcare industry and bring about abundant value to hospitals, doctors, and patients by overcoming the many challenges currently being faced in monitoring patient’s well-being, promoting preventive care, and managing the quality of drugs and equipment. Despite the many benefits of RHM, it is yet to be widely deployed due to the healthcare data security and privacy challenges. Healthcare data are highly sensitive and require fail-safe measures against unauthorized data access, leakages, and manipulations, and as such, there are stringent regulations governing how healthcare data can be secured, communicated, and stored, such as General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). The challenges and regulatory demands in RHM applications can be addressed using blockchain technology due to its distinguishing features of decentralization, immutability, and transparency to address the challenges of data security and privacy. This article will provide a systematic review on the use of blockchain in RHM, focusing primarily on data security and privacy.
Pseudonymität: Elemente einer Theorie
Authors: Multhammer Michael 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDer vorliegende Beitrag versucht Pseudonymität nicht als eine Mangelerscheinung – das Fehlen eines Klarnamens – im paratextuellen Gefüge zu beschreiben, sondern nach genuinen Bedeutungsmöglichkeiten jenseits von Dechiffrierung zu fragen. Dafür rücken sprachphilosophische Überlegungen zu Eigenschaften von Eigennamen ebenso in den Blick wie konzeptuelle Gemeinsamkeiten von Pseudonym und Metapher. Ziel ist es, die poetologisch relevanten Seiten pseudonymen Publizierens deutlich zu machen und dergestalt das Feld für eine Kulturgeschichte der Pseudonymität zu eröffnen.
Underground Home Stories
Authors: Thomalla Erika 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Funktion pseudonymer Autorschaft im Popjournalismus um 1980. Anhand der Kolumnen von Andreas Banaski alias Kid P. wird gezeigt, dass das Pseudonym nicht dazu diente, den Namen des realen Verfassers zu verschleiern – denn die Szenen waren so klein, dass jeder wusste, wer hinter dem Decknamen stand –, sondern eine diskursive Funktion erfüllte. In den Klatschkolumnen über die subkulturellen Szenen Hamburgs, Berlins oder Düsseldorfs, die Kid P. verfasste, ging es darum, Widersprüche in den Lebensformen und verdrängte soziale Hierarchien offenzulegen. Das Pseudonym leistete eine Distanzierung, die markierte, dass es sich nicht um eine persönliche Invektive, sondern um ein rollenhaftes Sprechen handelte. Zugleich lassen sich die Kolumnen als Reflexion auf die Frage nach der Gestaltbarkeit von Identitäten lesen.
The essence of being a year nine teacher
Authors: Ambrosy Josh 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Year nine students present a perpetual problem to schools and teachers alike. Typically aged 14 or 15 years old, year nines simultaneously experience puberty and adolescence. These converging life stages result in students’ whom teachers have described as being lost, disengaged and, more alarmingly, in never-never land. A largely unrecognised group of schools and teachers in Victoria, Australia, have chosen a novel approach to engaging year nine students through specific schooling structures and targeted curriculum—I term these approaches year nine programmes. These programmes typically involve different structures to mainstream schooling, including residential components, a greater focus on learning through experience and the use of an integrated curriculum. This paper shares the stories of six teachers who work on one such programme. The stories of the teachers are shared using phenomenological found poetry in search of the ‘essences’ of being a year nine teacher. Through the presentation of these essences, I argue that teachers of year nine programmes are required to have an accoutrement of skills, in addition to the skills needed by teachers who work in more mainstream settings.
Governmentality Versus Community: The Impact of the COVID Lockdowns
Authors: Wallace Claire , Mytna-Kurekova Lucia , Leon Margarita , O’Reilly Jacqueline , Blome Constantin , Bussi Margarita , Faith Becky , Finney Mark , Leschke Janine , Ruffa Chiara , Russell Emma , AhSchøyen Mi , Thurer Matthias , Unt Marge , Verdin Rachel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe COVID lockdowns were characterised by new forms of governmentality as lives were disrupted and controlled through the vertical transmission of biopolitics by the state. The paper considers how this was experienced by academics in 11 different countries through analysis of diaries written during the first lockdown. The paper asks if communities can offer an alternative to governmentality by looking at three levels: the national, the neighbourhood and the personal. Whilst at a national level the idea of community was instrumentalised to encourage compliance to extraordinary measures, at the local level community compassion through helping neighbours encouraged horizontal connections that could offer a “space” within the dominant logic of governmentality. At the level of personal communities, the digitalisation of social relationships helped to create supportive networks over widely dispersed areas but these were narrowly rather than widely focused, avoiding critical discussion.
Cohen strongly p-summing holomorphic mappings on Banach spaces
Authors: Jiménez-Vargas A. , Saadi K. , Sepulcre J. M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLet E and F be complex Banach spaces, U be an open subset of E and $$1\le p\le \infty .$$

1
≤
p
≤
∞
.

We introduce and study the notion of a Cohen strongly p-summing holomorphic mapping from U to F, a holomorphic version of a strongly p-summing linear operator. For such mappings, we establish both Pietsch Domination/Factorization Theorems and analyse their linearizations from "Equation missing" (the canonical predual of "Equation missing") and their transpositions on "Equation missing" Concerning the space "Equation missing" formed by such mappings and endowed with a natural norm "Equation missing" we show that it is a regular Banach ideal of bounded holomorphic mappings generated by composition with the ideal of strongly p-summing linear operators. Moreover, we identify the space "Equation missing" with the dual of the completion of tensor product space "Equation missing" endowed with the Chevet–Saphar norm $$g_p.$$

g
p

.
Fatwa and the Making and Renewal of Islamic Law
Authors: Awass Omer 
Published: May 2023

In this book, Omer Awass examines the formation, history, and transformation of the Islamic legal discourse and institutions through the lens of a particular legal practice: the issuance of fatwas (legal opinions). Tracing the growth of Islamic law over a vast geographical expanse -from Andalusia to India - and a long temporal span - from the 7th to the 21st century, he conceptualizes fatwas as the 'atomic units' of Islamic law. Awass argues that they have been a crucial element in the establishment of an Islamic legal tradition. He also provides numerous case studies that touch on economic, social, political, and religious topics. Written in an accessible style, this volume is the first to offer a comprehensive investigation of fatwas within such a broad spatio-temporal scope. It demonstrates how instrumental fatwas have been to the formation of Islamic legal traditions and institutions, as well as their unique forms of reasoning.
Standing Out from the Crowd via CSR Engagement: Evidence from Non-Fundamental-Driven Price Pressure
Authors: Gao Lei , He Jie (Jack) , Wu Juan (Julie) 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe test the signaling view of corporate social responsibility (CSR) engagement using two complementary quasi-natural experiments that impose exogenous negative pressure on stock prices. Firms under such adverse price pressure increase CSR activities compared to otherwise similar firms. This effect concentrates among firms with stronger signaling incentives, namely, those facing greater information asymmetry, more product market competition, higher shareholder litigation risk, and higher stock price crash risk. Firms under the exogenous negative price pressure mainly improve CSR strengths, including costly environmental investments. We also find that CSR engagement attracts socially responsible investors and lowers the cost of capital for signaling firms.
Three liquid assets
Authors: Amendola Nicola , Carbonari Lorenzo , Ferraris Leo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe examine a theoretical model of liquidity with three assets—money, government bonds, and equity—that are used for transaction purposes. Money and bonds complement each other in the payment system. The liquidity of equity is derived as an equilibrium outcome. Liquidity cycles arise from the loss of confidence of the traders in the liquidity of the system. Both open market operations and credit easing play a beneficial role for different purposes.
Neutral weed communities: the intersection between crop productivity, biodiversity, and weed ecosystem services
Authors: Esposito Marco , Westbrook Anna S. , Maggio Albino , Cirillo Valerio , DiTommaso Antonio 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWeeds are a fundamental component of agroecosystems and, if not appropriately managed, can cause severe crop yield losses. New perspectives on weed management are required, because current approaches, such as herbicide application or soil tillage, have significant environmental and agronomic drawbacks. We propose the concept of “neutral weed communities,” which are weed communities that coexist with crops and do not negatively affect crop yield and quality compared with weed-free conditions. Management practices that promote neutral weed communities can enable reduced use of herbicides and soil tillage while enhancing ecosystem services and biodiversity. We report scientific evidence of neutral weed communities and survey ecological explanations for why different weed communities have different effects on crop production. We also propose two weed management approaches for attaining neutral weed communities. The first approach aims to maximize weed biodiversity using traditional approaches such as cropping system diversification and integrated weed management. Higher weed biodiversity is associated with lower dominance of competitive weed species that reduce crop yield. The second approach relies on modern tools such as robots and biotechnology to manipulate the density of specific weed species. This approach can remove highly problematic species and minimize niche overlap between the weeds and crops. Given the complexity of interactions among crops, weeds, and other components of the agroecosystem, we highlight the need for multidisciplinary research to illuminate mechanisms that determine the neutrality of weed communities.
Frontogenesis Elevates the Maximum Chlorophyll a Concentration at the Subsurface Near the Kuroshio During Well‐Stratified Seasons
Authors: Ito D. , Kodama T. , Shimizu Y. , Setou T. , Hidaka K. , Ambe D. , Sogawa S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe contribution that fronts and frontogenesis make to subsurface chlorophyll a (CHL) concentration was investigated near the Kuroshio using data from multiple surveys across the Kuroshio during summer and fall and satellite sea surface height (SSH) data alongside high‐resolution reanalysis data set. An intensive survey was conducted during a period of frontogenesis as seen from the in‐situ and satellite‐derived velocity data as well as the analysis of the reanalysis data set. Physical and biological observation showed shoaling of the nitracline and a subsurface CHL maximum (SCM) near the evolving front. The CHL concentration at the SCM (CHLSCM) was large near the front compared with the concentration in ambient water. Sections of 10 repeat seasonal surveys also captured the frontal structure, the shoaling of the nitracline, and the increase in CHLSCM as well as their interrelationship. The CHLSCM was large, and the depth of the SCM (ZSCM) was shallow above a large horizontal density gradient (i.e., marked mesoscale frontal structure) in the ocean interior. In addition, we demonstrate that the lateral strain rate, which is a measure of frontogenesis obtained from the SSH, can be used to estimate ZSCM and CHLSCM. Frontogenesis, secondary circulation, symmetric instability, and vertical diffusion were considered to cause the nutrient supply to the subsurface layer. The surveys and analysis indicate that fronts and frontogenesis increase CHLSCM, and the physical data obtained from both in‐situ and satellite observations can be used to estimate CHL distribution in the ocean interior.
The Simulated Source Apportionment of Light Absorbing Aerosols: Effects of Microphysical Properties of Partially‐Coated Black Carbon
Authors: Luo Jie , Li Zhengqiang , Qiu Jibing , Zhang Ying , Fan Cheng , Li Li , Wu Hailing , Zhou Peng , Li Kaitao , Zhang Qixing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBiomass burning (BB) fractions estimated with the aethalometer model differ from 0 even for pure aerosols from fossil fuel (FF) combustion. We used black carbon (BC) aerosols partially‐coated with non‐absorbing materials to represent typical FF aerosols, and the BB fractions were determined with the aethalometer model. Thus, the estimated BB fractions are the fractions that FF aerosols are incorrectly attributed to BB aerosols. The BC morphology and mixing state have significant effects on the estimation of BB fractions. For freshly emitted BC, the BB fractions do not deviate significantly from 0, and the BB fraction is generally in the range of −1%–10% based on an FF absorption Ångström exponent (AAE) of 1 and a BB AAE of 2. The BB fraction deviates substantially from 0 when BC becomes compact and is coated. The absolute values of the deviations sometimes can be close to 100% for heavily coated BC. The BB fraction is generally greater than 0 for fluffy BC while compact BC generally exhibits a negative BB fraction. The BB fractions of partially‐coated BC are very sensitive to the size distribution and coating ratio, which is consistent with the results of the core‐shell sphere model. We have also performed a series of studies with different configurations for BC morphologies, coating ratios, and mixing states, which show the variations of the estimated BB fractions with atmospheric aging. We also explain the reasons for the uncertainties in the BB fraction estimates and provide suggestions for using different AAE pairs.