bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strength and Acoustics Properties of Lightweight Foamed Concrete Incorporating of Bio-Based Aggregate
Authors: Yong Zi Cong , Yew Ming Kun , Sieng Xin Wei , Beh Jing Han , Yew Ming Chian , Lee Foo Wei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper investigates the incorporation of bio-based aggregate in lightweight foam concrete (LWFC). The aim of this research is to determine the strength and acoustics properties of lightweight foamed concrete incorporating 5% bio-based aggregate (LWFC-OPS5). A targeted density of 1100 +/- 100 kg/m3 of LWFC-OPS5 is produced and achieved a compressive strength of 3 MPa. A total of six mixes containing different water to cement (w/c) ratios 0.52, 0.56 and 0.60 with 0% and 5% of OPS replacement were designed. From the result, LWFC-OPS5-0.52 had showed the highest strength properties at 28 days, which are recorded at 3.59 MPa and 1.75 MPa respectively. It also showed the highest density among the LWFC-OPS5 mix design which is 1180 kg/m3 under fresh density conditions. LWFC-OPS5-0.56 has showed the most significant increase in compressive strength and flexural strength at 28 days, which have an increment of 30 - 40% from 7 days’ results. On the other hand, LWFC-OPS5-0.60 has increased about 36.81%, 32.73% and 63.83% compared to LWFC-CTR. All cube specimens have achieved above 3 MPa of compressive strength except LWFC-OPS5-0.60 due to its lowest fresh density. From the acoustics properties test results, LWFC-OPS5-0.56 had showed the maximum sound absorption coefficient. Thus, this research proved that LWFC-OPS5 can be used for different applications such as wall panels, roof tiles, sound barriers and etc.
Waste to concrete material: Potential Study of Chemical Characterization of Coal Fly Ash and Bottom Ash
Authors: Rahim Nur Liza , Mohammed Syakirah Afiza , Amat Roshazita Che , Ibrahim Norlia Mohamad , Hamzah Nurhidayah , Samsudin Salmi , Salehuddin Shamshinar , Rahim Mustaqqim Abdul , Holban Elena 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This research focuses on the chemical properties of coal fly ash (CFA) and coal bottom ash (CBA) obtained from Sultan Azlan Shah Power Plant and compares them with the characteristics of ordinary Portland cement (OPC). Coal has been recognised as a significant fuel source in Malaysia, where it is extensively employed in the creation of steel, cement, and power. When coal is burned to create power, several different types of coal ash are created, including fly ash, bottom ash, boiler slag, and clinker. Fly and bottom ash, however, are the main coal ash waste products that have been created. In an effort to create sustainable concrete from waste, a number of studies have been carried out to ascertain the chemical characteristics of fly and bottom ash. These tests include Energy Disperse X-Ray (EDX), Mineralogy (XRD), and X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF). From the SEM result, fly ash has smaller particles and a spherical, uniform shape than bottom ash and cement. Fly and bottom ash from the Sultan Azlan Shah power plant contain a number of elements, including Silicon (Si), Aluminium (Al), Oxygen (O), Calcium (Ca), Titanium (Ti), Iron (Fe), Magnesium (Mg), Potassium (K), Carbon (C), and Sodium, according to Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) test. The fly ash is primarily an amorphous material, with the presence of quartz crystalline phase (SiO2) at 24.3% and bottom ash at 31.1%, according to X-ray Diffraction (XRD) data. For the mullite phase (3AlO3.2SiO2), fly and bottom ash show results of 24.9% and 14.5%, respectively. According to an X-ray fluorescence (XRF) investigation, the main constituents of fly and bottom ash are silica, iron, and alumina. Fly ash is classified as Class F because it has a high concentration of SiO2, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 while OPC has a high CaO value. With the right composition and material preparation, CFA and CBA from the Sultan Azlan Shah Power Plant can be used as a cement replacement in concrete.
Effect of Incorporating Coal Bottom Ash on The Properties of Concrete
Authors: Amat Roshazita Che , Rahim Nur Liza , Mohamed Syakirah Afiza , Ibrahim Norlia Mohamad , Matagi Ahmed Bashir Hamid , Muhamad Norshahirah , Raischi Marius , Bahatin Munif 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Industrial waste without proper control may lead to contamination and cause environmental pollution. Transforming waste such as coal bottom ash (CBA) wastes into a sustainable construction material is so much help in reducing the waste in the surroundings and is also environmentally friendly. In this research, cement was replaced with CBA in the concrete to analyse the effect on concrete performance. Consequently, this project focuses on physical and mechanical properties of concrete before and after using CBA. In the design stage for concrete mixing, the ratio for raw materials selected was 1:1.35:3.2 for cement, sand, and aggregates, respectively (grade 25). Two different major categories of concrete were made and compared. The first category is ordinary concrete with control concrete mix (CM), while the second category is concrete which uses 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30% of CBA partial replacement in the volume of cement in the concrete mix. The samples we used in this research were cubes 100 mm x 100 mm x 100 mm prepared for the water absorption, density, and compression test. The workability of concrete containing CBA with fixed water quantity was lower corresponding to that of the control mix. The hardened concrete density was reduced, and the water absorption increased with an increased amount of ground CBA. The results for the compressive test of control samples are 22.940 N/mm at 28 days of curing, and the highest percentage was 10% CBA which is 28.28 MPa. Since the strength of the concrete with CBA is increasing so, modified concretes can be considered to use in construction.
Reusability of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) Waste with Tapioca Starch for Polymer-Based Agriculture Application: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Rassman Nur Hidayah Kamilia Binti , Basha Siti Hanisah Binti Mustafa Kamal , Mohamed Radin Maya Saphira Binti Radin , Algheethi Adel Ali Saeed Abduh 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The existence of oil palm wastes has caused a significant disposal challenge, and it contains high fibre that is hard to disintegrate. Empty fruit bunches (EFB) contributes approximately 24 weights (wt.) % of solid waste in oil palm industries and has a high cellulose content. This study aims to find the best combination ratio of EFB fine fibre (EFBF) and tapioca starch for polymer production (EFBT) and its characterisation. The oil palm EFB waste was collected from Southern Malay Palm Oil Mill at Simpang Renggam, Johor, and shredded using an industrial fibre grinder. The EFBF and tapioca starch (TS) was combined using water and microwave heating according to the ratio generated using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), and the end homogenous pellet obtained was then analysed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) while the raw EFB fine fibre was analysed using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy - Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (FESEM-EDS). SEM analysis shows that the increasing homogenous interaction with less void was represented by respective EFBF to TS ratios 1:9, 1:5, 5:9, 5:5, 9:5, 5:1 and 9:1. The highest water contact angle recorded was 88.53° using ratio 1:9 followed by 40.35° using ratio 1:5, and no water contact angle obtained for 9:5, 5:5, 5:1, 5:9 and 9:1 ratios. The fastest rate of disintegration was recorded by 5:1 with 2712.000 g/day, while the slowest rate of disintegration was recorded by 9:1 with 1.206 g/day. The ANOVA analysis for water contact angle was significant as the p-values were <0.05, while for disintegration rate was not significant as the p-value was >0.05. However, although both models are unable to project optimised values for further testing, this study did provide a baseline for range selection for future study using RSM for optimisation of EFBF and TS.
A Novel: Low-cost Method for the Isolation of Anaerobic Hydrogen Producing Bacteria
Authors: Dung Thi Ngoc Bao , Minh Tran Duc , Minh Pham Hoang , Pham Kim-Hanh Thi , Nguyen Tam-Anh Duong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The hydrogen content of the two sludge samples namely TDS and PLS were increased after the heat shock pretreatment from 239.23 ± 10.23 mL/L to 663.87 ± 15.99 mL/L at 80°C and from 173.61 ± 17.21 mL/L to 496.74 ± 30.21 mL/L at 60°C, respectively. Polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) indicated that Enterococcus and Clostridium were the dominant bacteria in the TDS and PLS consortium. Two strains were successfully isolated from TDS and PLS using a simple method. Based on Bergey’s key identification and 16S rDNA sequencing, they were identified as Clostridium butyricum strain TD and Clostridium acetobutylicum strain PL. The hydrogen content, glucose consumed yield, and hydrogen yield of C. butyricum TD and C. acetobutylicum PL were 545.24 ± 7.31 mL/L, 90 ± 0.41 %, 0.89 ± 0.01 mol H2/mol glucose, and 729.34 ± 22.81 mL/L, 92.77 ± 1.39 %, 1.26 ± 0.05 mol H2/mol glucose, respectively.
Unravelling Spatial-temporal Evolution of Shoreline Changes in Pantai Mek Mas – Pantai Cahaya Bulan, Kelantan, Malaysia
Authors: Wahid Muhammad Zakwan Anas Abd , Osman Mohamed Syazwan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Kelantan is a state on Peninsular Malaysia’s East Coast famed for its tropical jungle and seaside areas. Kelantan is a “flood-state” that encounters monsoons and tidal currents. Kelantan was devastated by tsunami-like floods in 2014 where it brought changes on its coastal geomorphology. Using a universal Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) technique, this study assesses shoreline changes along Kelantan’s coastline between 2013 (before the catastrophic flood) and 2021. A multipronged approach incorporating DSAS via GIS and satellite imagery were used to explore the coastline changes in Kelantan. This study found that Pantai Mek Mas and Pantai Kundur were the most sedimented and the most eroded area were around Pantai Cahaya Bulan, Kota Bharu respectively. The Shoreline Change Envelope (SCE) and Net Shoreline Movement (NSM) analysis concluded that the coastal area has the highest accretion rate of 177.07m/year and the greatest negative distance via NSM of -171.53m/year. The sedimentation along Pantai Mek Mas may happen due to the transportation of sedimentation via river flows from Kelantan River estuary and the degradation of shoreline along Pantai Cahaya Bulan may cause by the concentration of anthropogenic interventions. In conclusion, can be seen that the Kelantan’s coastal area shoreline does progressively proliferate over the past decade and the community vulnerability on the shoreline changes are at risk which comprehensive mitigation is needed to improve its resilience.
Characterization and Germination Performance of Lettuce Sativa by Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Seed Priming
Authors: Malek Raja Nur Ezzatul Husna Raja Abdul , Osman Mohamed Syazwan , Hafiz Nurfarwizah Adzuan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Increasing food availability and ensuring food security have become critical issues for nations with varying levels of economic growth. The agricultural sector plays an essential role in these developments. To cater to this, seed priming is a typical method for controlling the hydration of seeds, ensuring that the plant can consume water and proceed to the initial stage of germination. The main objective of this research is to characterise the synthesis of chemical iron oxide nanoparticles (FeNPs) and investigate the germination performance of Lactuca sativa (lettuce). Iron oxide (Fe) is important for various processes in plants, such as photosynthesis. The chemical method was chosen to synthesise the nanoparticles as it can reduce the overall cost, has a high yield, and is safe for the environment. In this experiment, two salt solutions were chosen as the reducing agents for the chemical method. The effect of seed priming with different concentrations of FeNPs (1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 ppm) on seedling growth parameters such as germination rate and average shoot and root length varieties was studied on the fifth and eighth days of seedling development. Seed priming with FeNPs increased the germination rate more than control at all studied concentrations. As a result, among the 5 different concentrations, 1 ppm shows an increase in germination rate, average length of root of Lactuca sativa (lettuce) seeds, and shoot better than the others. The germination rate of 1 ppm is 80%, compared to the control at 70%. Seed priming with FeNPs was nontoxic in comparison to the control, but it decreased the amount of chlorophyll and can be used to increase the nonenzymatic antioxidant capacity during the early phases of Lactuca sativa (lettuce) seedling development. Overall, this study suggests that using FeNPs to prime the seeds of Lactuca sativa (lettuce) can potentially increase crop yield and help keep the demand for food production stable.
Recycled Incineration Bottom Ash and Metakaolin as Sustainable Materials for Cement Replacement in Cementitious Composites
Authors: Amat Roshazita Che , Mohamed Syakirah Afiza , Ibrahim Norlia Mohamad , Rahim Nur Liza , Ahmad Khairel Rafezi , Raischi Marius 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Study was related to the influence of the concrete properties by using different percentages of metakaolin and fixed percent of incineration bottom ash to partially replace the cement. Cement is a well-known building material and used for the construction in the world. Moreover, the used of metakaolin (MK) and incineration bottom ash (IBA) in this research would give significance to our environment as it can reduce the usage of cement in concrete. By using bottom ash, it could reduce the land filling space. The X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) test was used to determine the chemical composition of IBA and MK. Four series of concrete have been examined, including control, IBA and MK were used as partial replacement for cement at 10%IBA + 10%MK, 10%IBA + 15%MK and 10%IBA + 20%MK of concrete mixes by volume. The curing period for the samples is 7 days and 28 days. To determine the properties of concrete, the tests such as slump test, density test, water absorption test, pulse velocity test, rebound hammer test and compression test were performed. The results proved that the strength development of 10%IBA + 10%MK concrete sample shows the highest compressive strength after 28 days of curing.
The Effect of Concrete Mix Incorporating Different Percentage of Dolomite Fines
Authors: Rahim Mustaqqim Abdul , Ivin Chan , Ibrahim Norlia Mohamad , Ayob Afizah , Anuar Shamilah Anudai , Bawadi Nor Faizah , Rahim Nur Liza , Shahidan Shahiron , Zuki Sharifah Salwa Mohd , Ahmad Ahmad Nur Aizat 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Since the cost of cement increases and the pollution to environment due to greenhouse effect are becoming more serious year by year, thus, dolomite fines subjected to replace the cement in concrete mix as it has lower cost compared to cement. In this research, the replacement of cement with dolomite fines carried out in this study is 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 25%. The grade of concrete a designed to be 30. A total of 45 units of 150 mm x 150 mm x 150 mm concrete cube and 30 units of cylindrical concrete sample with diameter of 150 mm and height of 300 mm designed in this study. The properties of concrete sample in terms of compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, ultra-pulse velocity and rebound hammer test for various percentage replacement are determined in this study. The tests on concrete sample carried out at the age of 7-days and 28-days. Overall, its shows that 10 % replacement of cement with dolomite fines provided the highest strength to the concrete in terms of compressive strength and splitting tensile strength.
Development and implementation of a methodology for National Wastewater Surveillance System of SARS-CoV-2 in Romania
Authors: Prangate R , Deák Gy , Matei M , Boboc M , Holban E , Amat Roshazita Che 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is a pathogenic coronavirus and has caused acute respiratory diseases worldwide. Over time, numerous research studies have proved the benefits of environmental surveillance through monitoring the wastewater. During the COVID-19 public health emergency, several countries have conducted studies to detect viral RNA from SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater. Also, several countries have developed a National Wastewater Surveillance System of SARS-CoV-2, currently it is also being implemented in Romania. The aim of this research is to develop, in line with the already existing volume of information, a methodology for the processing and analysis of wastewater samples for SARS-CoV-2 and to highlight methods for sample preparation (these methods are not standardised). In addition, we summarize current knowledge on recent advances and applicability of SARS-CoV-2 virus monitoring in wastewater as a tool for surveillance of COVID-19.
A flexible and transparent pliers shaped antenna for ultra-wideband applications
Authors: Zhang Chenyu , Guo Jiaqi , Lian Shilin , Chi Zongtao , Sun Zhongsen , Zheng Yu , Sun Bin , Liu Tian 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Flexible transparent antennas have broad potential applications in wireless communication and RF energy harvesting, providing visualization, small size, and integration functions for electronic devices. The use of optically transparent materials is an essential direction in the development of flexible transparent antennas. In this paper, a flexible and transparent antenna is designed by indium tin oxide material and photolithography process, which is suitable for wideband communication field. The broadband characteristics of the antenna are realized by using irregular slots and rectangular microstrip lines on the ground plane. The antenna operates in the frequency range of 1.73–20 GHz with a relative bandwidth of 168%, which is suitable for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications. The antenna has a compact structure and the relative size of 0.33 λ
0 × 0.28 λ
0. The measured results of the antenna are in good agreement with the simulated results, and the bending and folding tests show that the antenna has good mechanical flexibility and can cover the surface of irregular objects. This pliers-shaped antenna is applicable to a variety of UWB and wireless applications, such as LTE, Wi Max, 5G network, IoT, WIFI, mobile phone keys, and mobile payment.
Management of an unintentional enoxaparin overdose: A case report and literature review
Authors: Zhou Florian N , Gellatly Rochelle M 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Purpose
The aim of this article is to describe a case in which protamine was used for a low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) overdose and present an up-to-date review of the literature on the management of LMWH overdose in adults.

Summary
An unintentional administration of enoxaparin 900 mg occurred in a 73-year-old man with coronavirus disease 2019–related pulmonary embolism. Management of the overdose included a protamine bolus followed by an infusion. Anti–factor Xa levels and activated partial thromboplastin time were monitored. Anti–factor Xa levels declined in a linear fashion irrespective of protamine administration. No bleeding or further thrombotic complications occurred in the patient. A review of the literature revealed that the optimal strategy to treat an LMWH overdose is unknown, with treatment of overdoses ranging from clinical observation to aggressive protamine dosing in reported cases. Although protamine effectively neutralizes unfractionated heparin, it is unable to completely reverse LMWH activity and has variable effects on laboratory measures of LMWH anticoagulant activity.

Conclusion
The current case report provides additional data to previous literature suggesting that protamine may have a limited effect in decreasing anti–factor Xa levels in LMWH overdose. Continued reporting on the management of LMWH overdoses is warranted to clarify the optimal treatment strategy.
Deficiency in the neural cell adhesion molecule 2 (NCAM2) reduces axonal levels of beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), affects axonal organization in the hippocampus, and leads to behavioral deficits
Authors: Sah Saroj , Keable Ryan , Pfundstein Grant , Clemens Kelly J , Begg Denovan , Schachner Melitta , Leshchyns’ka Iryna , Sytnyk Vladimir 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The neural cell adhesion molecule 2 (NCAM2) regulates axonal organization in the central nervous system via mechanisms that have remained poorly understood. We now show that NCAM2 increases axonal levels of beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), a protease that regulates axonal guidance. In brains of NCAM2-deficient mice, BACE1 levels are reduced in hippocampal mossy fiber projections, and the infrapyramidal bundle of these projections is shortened. This abnormal axonal organization correlates with impaired short-term spatial memory and cognitive flexibility in NCAM2-deficient male and female mice. Self-grooming, rearing, digging and olfactory acuity are increased in NCAM2-deficient male mice, when compared with littermate wild-type mice of the same sex. NCAM2-deficient female mice also show increased self-grooming, but are reduced in rearing, and do not differ from female wild-type mice in olfactory acuity and digging behavior. Our results indicate that errors in axonal guidance and organization caused by impaired BACE1 function can underlie the manifestation of neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism as found in humans with deletions of the NCAM2 gene.
EEG measurement for the effect of perceptual eye position and eye position training on comitant strabismus
Authors: Chen Yuzhen , You Weicong , Hu Yijun , Chu Hang , Chen Xiaogang , Shi Wei , Gao Xiaorong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
One of the clinical features of comitant strabismus is that the deviation angles in the first and second eye positions are equal. However, there has been no report of consistency in the electroencephalography (EEG) signals between the 2 positions. In order to address this issue, we developed a new paradigm based on perceptual eye position. We collected steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs) signals and resting-state EEG data before and after the eye position training. We found that SSVEP signals could characterize the suppression effect and eye position effect of comitant strabismus, that is, the SSVEP response of the dominant eye was stronger than that of the strabismus eye in the first eye position but not in the second eye position. Perceptual eye position training could modulate the frequency band activities in the occipital and surrounding areas. The changes in the visual function of comitant strabismus after training could also be characterized by SSVEP. There was a correlation between intermodulation frequency, power of parietal electrodes, and perceptual eye position, indicating that EEG might be a potential indicator for evaluating strabismus visual function.