bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A promising prognostic model for predicting survival of patients with HIV‐related diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma in the cART era
Authors: Chen Juanjuan , Wu Yihua , Kang Zixin , Qin Shanfang , Ruan Guangjing , Zhao Han , Tao Xin , Xie Zhiman , Peng Jie 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundOptimization of risk stratification is important for facilitating prognoses and therapeutic decisions regarding diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, a simple and applicable prognostic tool is lacking for individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐related DLBCL in the era of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART).MethodsThis retrospective multicenter observational study included 147 HIV‐related DLBCL patients with histologically confirmed DLBCL from 2013 to 2020. The total group was divided into training (n = 78) and validation (n = 69) cohorts to derive the best prognostic score. Clinicopathological and characteristic biomarkers correlated with clinical outcomes were analyzed.ResultsAge, Ann Arbor stage, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) ratio, bulky disease, and red blood cell distribution width (RDW) ratio retained robust independent correlations with overall survival (OS) in multivariate analysis. A new and practical prognostic model was generated and externally validated, classifying patients into three categories with significantly different survival rates. Moreover, the new index outperformed the International Prognostic Index (IPI) score (area under the curve values of 0.94 vs. 0.81 in the training cohort and 0.85 vs. 0.74 in the validation cohort, C‐indices of 0.80 vs. 0.70 in the training cohort and 0.74 vs. 0.70 in the validation cohort, and integrated discrimination improvement values of 0.203 in the training cohort and 0.175 in the validation cohort) and was better at defining intermediate‐ and high‐risk groups. The calibration curves performed satisfactorily for predicting 3‐year OS in the training and validation cohorts.ConclusionsWe developed and validated a simple and feasible prognostic model for patients with HIV‐related DLBCL that had more discriminative and predictive accuracy than the IPI score for risk stratification and individualized treatment in the cART era.
Metastatic sites and lesion numbers cooperated to predict efficacy of PD‐1 inhibitor‐based combination therapy for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Jiang Weiqin , He Yinjun , He Wenguang , Zhang Xiang , Chen Nan , Li Yandong , Zhong Weixiang , Wu Guosheng , Zhou Xile , Hua Hanju , Ye Feng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundLimited data have been used to evaluate the efficacy of immunotherapy in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Furthermore, potential markers that can be used to identify responding patients and to further improve efficacy have not been fully explored.Methods and ResultsIn our study, we included a total of 97 patients with mCRC, who each received programmed death‐1 (PD‐1) inhibitor‐based combination therapy at our center. All 12 hypermutated patients benefited from immunotherapy, with median progression‐free survival (mPFS) reaching 28.3 months, regardless of liver metastasis. The objective response rate (ORR) of non‐hypermutated patients was 16.5% (14/85), with an mPFS of 4.0 months. For non‐hypermutated patients, multivariate analysis revealed that the combination of liver metastasis and baseline lesion number significantly stratified response and survival. The lesion‐based analysis indicated that the lymph node was the most responsive, followed by the peritoneum and lung, with liver metastasis being the least responsive. None of the patients (0/7) with negative programmed ligand‐1 (PD‐L1) expression responded, and positive PD‐L1 expression may serve as a biomarker (mPFS 5.7 vs. 2.2 months, p = 0.002) that can be used to further guide treatment in non‐hypermutated mCRC with liver metastasis (CRLMs).ConclusionPatients with hypermutated mCRC benefited significantly from immunotherapy, whereas the non‐hypermutated cohort with liver metastasis and numerous lesions showed less benefit. The lesion sites reflected varying levels of efficacy, among which PD‐L1 potentially cooperated to guide the immunotherapy of CRLMs.
Emotion regulation and choice of bilateral mastectomy for the treatment of unilateral breast cancer
Authors: Zhang Jin‐Xiao , Kurian Allison W. , Jo Booil , Nouriani Bita , Neri Eric , Gross James J. , Spiegel David 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere has been steadily increasing use of bilateral mastectomy (BMX) in the treatment of primary breast cancer (BC). In this study, we utilized functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine the influence of emotion regulation on the decision of newly diagnosed BC patients to choose BMX rather than non‐BMX treatments.MethodsWe recruited 123 women with unilateral BC, 61 of whom received BMX and 62 of whom received non‐BMX treatments, and 39 healthy controls. While participants were in the fMRI scanner, we showed them BC‐related and non‐BC‐negative images. In one condition, they were instructed to watch the images naturally. In another, they were instructed to regulate their negative emotion. We compared the fMRI signal during these conditions throughout the brain.ResultsWith non‐BC‐negative images as the baseline, BC patients showed greater self‐reported reactivity and neural reactivity to BC‐related images in brain regions associated with self‐reflection than did controls. Among the BC patients, the BMX group showed weaker activation in prefrontal emotion regulation brain regions during emotion regulation than did the non‐BMX group.ConclusionsBC patients are understandably emotionally hyper‐reactive to BC‐related stimuli and those who ultimately received BMX experience more difficulty in regulating BC‐related negative emotion than non‐BMX BC patients. These findings offer neuropsychological evidence that difficulty in managing anxiety related to the possibility of cancer recurrence is a factor in surgical treatment decision‐making and may be an intervention target with the goal of strengthening the management of cancer‐related anxiety by nonsurgical means.Trial RegistrationNCT03050463.
Sentinel node‐assisted neck dissection in advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma—A new protocol for staging and treatment
Authors: Bark Rusana , Kolev Aeneas , Elliot Alexandra , Piersiala Krzysztof , Näsman Anders , Grybäck Per , Georén Susanna Kumlien , Wendt Malin , Cardell Lars Olaf , Margolin Gregori , Marklund Linda 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundSentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is used to improve the staging of and guide treatment in patients with early‐stage T1–T2 N0 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The role of sentinel nodes (SNs) and the use of SN‐technique in advanced OSCC (T3–T4 and/or N+) remain to be evaluated. This study investigates the nodal drainage and the rate of positive SNs (SNs+) in all stages of OSCC.Materials and MethodsIn total, 85 patients with T1–T4 OSCC diagnosed 2019–2021 were included. We used a prolonged interval between peritumoral injection of radionuclide and SPECT–CT to include all SNs.ResultsPatients with advanced OSCC presented a higher proportion of contralateral lymphatic drainage and a higher rate of SN+ compared to patients with early‐stage disease. T3–T4 and N+ tumors presented a tendency for a higher rate of contralateral lymphatic drainage compared to T1–T2 and N0 tumors (p = 0.1). The prevalence of positive nodes (SNs+) was higher among patients with advanced disease, T3–T4 versus T1–T2 (p = 0.0398).ConclusionSN‐assisted ND enables identification and removal of all SNs + and has the potential for more accurate staging and could possibly give prognostic advantages regarding regional recurrence for all OSCC patients, especially among those with advanced disease. The precise localization of the SNs + also suggests that a more individualized ND approach might be possible in the future even for patients with advanced OSCC.
Analysis for discharge within 2 days after thoracoscopic anatomic lung cancer surgery
Authors: Xu Yuanyuan , Chen Xiaoke , Ren Jianghao , Zhu Mingyang , Li Ruonan , Huang Jiazheng , Yao Yaxian , Zhang Zhengmin , Tan Qiang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe risk and beneficial factors of early discharge after thoracoscopic anatomic lung cancer surgery are unknown, and this study aims to investigate predictors and associated 30‐day readmission for early discharge.MethodsWe performed a single‐center retrospective analysis of 10,834 consecutive patients who underwent thoracoscopic anatomic lung cancer surgery. Two groups were determined based on discharge date: “discharged by postoperative Day 2” and “discharged after postoperative Day 2.” Univariable and multivariable analysis were conducted to identify predictors for discharge. Using propensity score matching (PSM) to compare 30‐day readmission rate between two cohorts.ResultsA total of 1911 patients were discharged by postoperative Day 2. Multivariable analysis identified older age (odds ratio (OR) = 1.014, p < 0.001), male sex (OR = 1.183, p = 0.003), larger tumor size (OR = 1.248, p < 0.001), pleural adhesions (OR = 1.638, p = 0.043), lymph nodes calcification (OR = 1.443, p = 0.009), advanced clinical T stage (vs. T < 2, OR = 1.470, p = 0.010), lobectomy resection (vs. segmentectomy resection, OR = 2.145, p < 0.001) and prolonged operative time (OR = 1.011, p < 0.001) as independent risk factors for discharge after postoperative Day 2. Three adjustable variables including higher FEV1/FVC (OR = 0.989, p = 0.001), general anesthesia (GA) plus thoracic paravertebral blockade (vs. GA alone, OR = 0.823, p = 0.006) and uni‐portal thoracoscopic surgery (vs. multi‐portal, OR = 0.349, p < 0.001) were associated with a decreased likelihood of discharge after postoperative Day 2. Before and after a 1:1 PSM, discharged by postoperative Day 2 did not increase the risk of 30‐day readmission compared to counterparts.ConclusionsCarefully selected patients can be safely discharged within 2 days after thoracoscopic anatomic lung cancer surgery. Three modifiable variables may be favorable for promoting discharge by postoperative Day 2.
Causes of death among patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in United States from 2000 to 2018
Authors: Yang Zhen , Leng Kaiming , Shi Guangjun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe gains in survival outcomes of US patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have come at the expense of developing non‐cancer‐related morbidities, such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and infections. However, population‐based data on causes of death (CODs) in patients with HCC are scarce.MethodsA cancer registry database in the United States was used to analyze the CODs among patients with HCC. Death cause distribution and standardized mortality ratios were calculated to quantify the disease‐specific death burden.ResultsA total of 40,094 patients with a histological diagnosis of HCC were identified from the SEER‐18 database between 2000 and 2018, of which 30,796 (76.8%) died during the follow‐up period. The majority of these deaths (25,153, 81.7%) occurred within 2 years after diagnosis, 13.2% (4075) occurred within 2–5 years, and 5.1% (1568) occurred after 5 years. All age groups had a lower burden of female deaths than of male deaths during the study period. With respect to CODs, 23,824 (77.4%), 2289 (7.4%), and 4683 (15.2%) were due to HCC, other cancers, and non‐cancer causes, respectively. Non‐cancer‐related deaths were more common among older patients and those with longer latency periods since diagnosis. The major causes of non‐cancer‐related deaths are other infectious and parasitic diseases, including HIV and CVDs.ConclusionsCODs during HCC survivorship varied, and a growing number of survivors tended to die from causes other than HCC, with an increasing latency period since diagnosis. Comprehensive analyses of mortality patterns and temporal trends could underpin strategies to reduce these risks.
Chemical Constituents of Primulina eburnea (Gesneriaceae) and Their Cytotoxic Activities
Authors: Yang Li‐Yuan , Yi Ping , Chen Jun‐Lei , Li Yu‐Huan , Qiu Jue‐Lin , Wang Zhao‐Yang , Fu Mao , Yuan Chun‐Mao , Huang Lie‐Jun , Hao Xiao‐Jiang , Gu Wei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTwo new ursane‐type triterpenes, eburnealactones A and B (1 and 2), one new flavonoid, eburneatin A (6), and one new phenylethanoid glycoside, chiritoside D (7), along with 9 known compounds (3–5, 8–13) were isolated from the whole plant of Primulina eburnea. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis (IR, UV, NMR, and HR‐ESI‐MS). All the compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities. Compound 1 showed significant cytotoxic activities against MKN‐45 cell lines and 5637 cell lines with the IC50 values of 9.57 μM and 8.30 μM, respectively. Compound 1 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activities against A549 and PATU8988T cell lines with the IC50 values of 30.70 μM and 38.22 μM, respectively. Compound 6 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activities against MKN‐45, HCT116, PATU8988T, 5637 and A‐673 cell lines with the IC50 values of 19.69 μM, 16.44 μM, 18.07 μM, 11.51 μM and 18.15 μM, respectively. Compound 5 showed moderate cytotoxic activities against A549 cell lines with the IC50 values of 24.06 μM.
Association of asthma genetic variants with asthma‐associated traits reveals molecular pathways of eosinophilic asthma
Authors: El‐Husseini Zaid W. , Vonk Judith M. , van den Berge Maarten , Gosens Reinoud , Koppelman Gerard H. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionAsthma is a complex, polygenic, heterogenous inflammatory disease. Recently, we generated a list of 128 independent single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with asthma in genome‐wide association studies. However, it is unknown if asthma SNPs are associated with specific asthma‐associated traits such as high eosinophil counts, atopy, and airway obstruction, revealing molecular endotypes of this disease. Here, we aim to identify the association between asthma SNPs and asthma‐associated traits and assess expression quantitative trait locus (e‐QTLs) to reveal their downstream functional effects and find drug targets.MethodsAssociation analyses between 128 asthma SNPs and associated traits (blood eosinophil numbers, atopy, airway obstruction, airway hyperresponsiveness) were conducted using regression modelling in population‐based studies (Lifelines N = 32,817/Vlagtwedde‐Vlaardingen N = 1554) and an asthma cohort (Dutch Asthma genome‐wide association study N = 917). Functional enrichment and pathway analysis were performed with genes linked to the significant SNPs by e‐QTL analysis. Genes were investigated to generate novel drug targets.ResultsWe identified 69 asthma SNPs that were associated with at least one trait, with 20 SNPs being associated with multiple traits. The SNP annotated to SMAD3 was the most pleiotropic. In total, 42 SNPs were associated with eosinophil counts, 18 SNPs with airway obstruction, and 21 SNPs with atopy. We identified genetically driven pathways regulating eosinophilia. The largest network of eosinophilia contained two genes (IL4R, TSLP) targeted by drugs currently available for eosinophilic asthma. Several novel targets were identified such as IL‐18, CCR4, and calcineurin.ConclusionMany asthma SNPs are associated with blood eosinophil counts and genetically driven molecular pathways of asthma‐associated traits were identified.
First‐in‐human study of E7130 (a tumor microenvironment‐ameliorating microtubule inhibitor) in patients with advanced solid tumors: Primary results of the dose‐escalation part
Authors: Doi Toshihiko , Matsubara Nobuaki , Naito Yoichi , Kuboki Yasutoshi , Harano Kenichi , Ono Makiko , Urasaki Tetsuya , Ohmoto Akihiro , Kawanai Tsubasa , Hisai Takashi , Ikezawa Hiroki , Shiba Sari , Ito Ken , Semba Taro , Asano Osamu , Takahashi Shunji 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundE7130 is a novel anticancer agent created from a total synthetic study of norhalichondrin B. The authors report the E7130 dose‐escalation part of a first‐in‐human study of patients with advanced solid tumors (NCT03444701).MethodsJapanese patients ≥20 years of age were enrolled. E7130 was administered intravenously in two cycles: day 1 of a 21‐day cycle (Q3W) or days 1 and 15 of a 28‐day cycle (Q2W). Doses were escalated from 270 to 550 μg/m2 for the Q3W group or 25–400 μg/m2 for the Q2W group. The primary end point of the dose‐escalation phase was safety and tolerability as assessed by the incidence of dose‐limiting toxicities (DLTs) and adverse events. Other end points included determination of the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics.ResultsForty‐four patients were enrolled: 15 in the E7130 Q3W group and 29 in the Q2W group. Treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) occurred in all patients; the most common TEAE overall was leukopenia (78.6%). Grade 3–4 TEAEs occurred in 93.3% of patients in the Q3W group and 86.2% of patients in the Q2W group. None had a TEAE resulting in study drug discontinuation, and no treatment‐related deaths were reported. Per the DLT evaluation, the MTDs were determined as 480 μg/m2 Q3W and 300 μg/m2 Q2W. Significant changes in multiple plasma biomarkers, including vascular endothelial growth factor 3 and matrix metallopeptidase 9, were dose‐dependent after initial doses of 350–480 μg/m2.ConclusionsE7130 480 μg/m2 Q3W was chosen for the dose‐expansion part over 300 μg/m2 Q2W primarily per dose‐dependent biomarker results.
Tunable Properties of Graphene Antenna Affected by Curing Temperature and Exposure Time for Future Application
Authors: Nor Hafizah Sa'don Siti , Haizal Jamaluddin Mohd , Ramlee Kamarudin Muhammad , Ahmad Fauzan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a tunable antenna based on graphene for future wireless communication technology. The proposed antenna that is made by graphene/polyimide film able to tune the frequency using thermal that is exposed on it. The approach is investigated since it able to work as the other reconfiguration technique but cannot be adjustable likes diodes and liquid crystal. The antenna is fabricated into fifteen similar pieces and are separately cured at different temperature and exposure time; 250 °C, 300 °C, and 350 °C, for 20 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, and 3 hours. The fabricated antennas are measured its S‐parameter as well as the characterisation of relative complex permittivity, sheet resistance, conductivity, surface morphology, and structure analysis. The measured results indicate that the frequency is tuned to lower within 4.1 GHz at 250 °C, 5.5 GHz at 300 °C, and 400 MHz at 350 °C. Looking into the future, even though this work is not using the same antenna, but it will lead to the proof of concept for tunable graphene antenna using thermal at fifth generation (5G) and next generation.
Novel and holistic approaches are required to realize allelopathic potential for weed management
Authors: Hickman Darwin T. , Comont David , Rasmussen Amanda , Birkett Michael A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAllelopathy, that is, plant–plant inhibition via the release of secondary metabolites into the environment, has potential for the management of weeds by circumventing herbicide resistance. However, mechanisms underpinning allelopathy are notoriously difficult to elucidate, hindering real‐world application either in the form of commercial bioherbicides or allelopathic crops. Such limited application is exemplified by evidence of limited knowledge of the potential benefits of allelopathy among end users. Here, we examine potential applications of this phenomenon, paying attention to novel approaches and influential factors requiring greater consideration, with the intention of improving the reputation and uptake of allelopathy. Avenues to facilitate more effective allelochemical discovery are also considered, with a view to stimulating the identification of new compounds and allelopathic species. Synthesis and Applications: We conclude that tackling increasing weed pressure on agricultural productivity would benefit from greater integration of the phenomenon of allelopathy, which in turn would be greatly served by a multi‐disciplinary and exhaustive approach, not just through more effective isolation of the interactions involved, but also through greater consideration of factors which may influence them in the field, facilitating optimization of their benefits for weed management.
Species coexistence and niche interaction between sympatric giant panda and Chinese red panda: A spatiotemporal approach
Authors: Feng Bin , Bai Wenke , Fan Xueyang , Fu Mingxia , Song Xinqiang , Liu Jingyi , Qin Weirui , Zhang Jindong , Qi Dunwu , Hou Rong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) and the Chinese red panda (Ailurus styani) are distributed in the same region in the mountain forest ecosystem on the eastern edge of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and share the same food sources. In order to understand how sympatric giant pandas and Chinese red pandas maintain interspecific relationships to achieve stable coexistence, we used species distribution models and diurnal activity rhythms to analyze the spatial and temporal niche characteristics of giant pandas and Chinese red pandas in the Daxiangling Mountain system based on 187 camera traps data. The results show that: (1) In the Daxiangling Mountains, the total area of suitable habitats for giant pandas and Chinese red pandas is 717.61 km2 and 730.00 km2, respectively, accounting for 17.78% and 18.25%, respectively, of the study area. (2) The top five environmental factors contributing to the model of giant panda and Chinese red panda are precipitation seasonality, temperature seasonality, distance to the road, and elevation and vegetation type. (3) The total overlapping area of suitable habitats for giant pandas and Chinese red pandas is 342.23 km2, of which the overlapping area of highly suitable habitats is 98.91 km2. The overlapping index of suitable habitats is 0.472, and the overlapping index of highly suitable habitats is 0.348, which indicates that the two achieve spatial niches are separated to achieve stable coexistence. (4) The overlapping index of the daily activity rhythm of giant panda and Chinese red panda is 0.87, which is significantly different (p < .05). The existence of Chinese red panda will significantly affect the daily activity rhythm of giant panda (p < .001). This research can provide scientific reference for the researches about population and habitat protection of giant pandas and Chinese red pandas, so as to understand the driving mechanism of resource allocation and population dynamics of sympatric species.
First case report of the use of two stents following coronary artery obstruction during indirect mitral annuloplasty
Authors: Metze Michael , Stöbe Stephan , Pfeiffer Dietrich , Hagendorff Andreas , Laufs Ulrich , Lenk Karsten 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe case of a 71‐year‐old male with end stage heart failure and severe mitral regurgitation is presented, where percutaneous indirect mitral annuloplasty was performed. During device implantation in the coronary sinus the circumflex artery was compromised at two anatomic locations, while the mitral regurgitation was efficiently reduced. After weighing risks and alternative therapeutic options, stent implantation was chosen as bailout strategy to leave the device in place and retain the efficient MR reduction. The anatomical proximity of Cx and coronary sinus in the mitral valve plane bears the risk of circumflex artery damage during surgical and interventional mitral repair. Usually, a device exchange solves the problem of arterial flow limitation in most cases. While stent implantation remains off label use in this setting and should not be performed without critical evaluation, it has been performed successfully in similar clinical settings as well (e.g. artery stenosis by surgical suture).