bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate Change and Aging Health in Developing Countries
Authors: Sarkar Sabrina Maria , Dhar Bablu Kumar , Fahlevi Mochammad , Ahmed Selim , Hossain Md. Jamal , Rahman Mohammad Meshbahur , Gazi Md. Abu Issa , Rajamani Ranjithkumar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe climate of the Earth has changed throughout history. Climate change negatively impacts human rights in a wide range of ways. The study aims to find out the impact of climate change on aging health in developing countries. The study found that public health will be devastated if climate change continues unabated. Countries that are least responsible for global warming are most susceptible to the effects of higher temperatures, such as death and disease. In low‐ and middle‐income countries, disasters are more likely to happen to people aged 60 and over. Although climate change affects all of us, older people are especially at risk from it, as evidenced by a growing body of research. The study also offers countermeasures and suggestions to develop aging health in developing countries affected by climate change.
Recent Progress of Droplet Microfluidic Emulsification Based Synthesis of Functional Microparticles
Authors: Long Fei , Guo Yanhong , Zhang Zhiyu , Wang Jing , Ren Yong , Cheng Yuchuan , Xu Gaojie 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe remarkable control function over the functional material formation process enabled by droplet microfluidic emulsification approaches can lead to the efficient and one‐step encapsulation of active substances in microparticles, with the microparticle characteristics well regulated. In comparison to the conventional fabrication methods, droplet microfluidic technology can not only construct microparticles with various shapes, but also provide excellent templates, which enrich and expand the application fields of microparticles. For instance, intersection with disciplines in pharmacy, life sciences, and others, modifying the structure of microspheres and appending functional materials can be completed in the preparation of microparticles. The as‐prepared polymer particles have great potential in a wide range of applications for chemical analysis, heavy metal adsorption, and detection. This review systematically introduces the devices and basic principles of particle preparation using droplet microfluidic technology and discusses the research of functional microparticle formation with high monodispersity, involving a plethora of types including spherical, nonspherical, and Janus type, as well as core–shell, hole–shell, and controllable multicompartment particles. Moreover, this review paper also exhibits a critical analysis of the current status and existing challenges, and outlook of the future development in the emerging fields has been discussed.
Increased membrane Ca2+ permeability drives astrocytic Ca2+ dynamics during neuronal stimulation at excitatory synapses
Authors: Hjukse Jarand B. , Puebla Mario F. D. L. , Vindedal Gry Fluge , Sprengel Rolf , Jensen Vidar , Nagelhus Erlend A. , Tang Wannan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAstrocytes are intricately involved in the activity of neural circuits; however, their basic physiology of interacting with nearby neurons is not well established. Using two‐photon imaging of neurons and astrocytes during higher frequency stimulation of hippocampal CA3‐CA1 Schaffer collateral (Scc) excitatory synapses, we could show that increasing levels of released glutamate accelerated local astrocytic Ca2+ elevation. However, blockage of glutamate transporters did not abolish this astrocytic Ca2+ response, suggesting that astrocytic Ca2+ elevation is indirectly associated with an uptake of extracellular glutamate. However, during the astrocytic glutamate uptake, the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) reverse mode was activated, and mediated extracellular Ca2+ entry, thereby triggering the internal release of Ca2+. In addition, extracellular Ca2+ entry via membrane P2X receptors further facilitated astrocytic Ca2+ elevation via ATP binding. These findings suggest a novel mechanism of activity induced Ca2+ permeability increases of astrocytic membranes, which drives astrocytic responses during neuronal stimulation of CA3‐CA1 Scc excitatory synapses.
The relevance of the hematopoietic niche for therapy resistance in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Allert Catana , Müller‐Tidow Carsten , Blank Maximilian Felix 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe expansion of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) blasts not only suppresses normal hematopoiesis, but also alters the microenvironment. The interplay of different components of the bone marrow gives rise to altered metabolic states and activates signaling pathways which lead to resistance and impede effective therapy. Therefore, the underlying processes and mechanisms represent attractive therapeutic leverage points for overcoming therapy resistance in AML. Here, we briefly discuss resistance mechanisms based on cell interactions and secreted soluble factors in the hematopoietic niche and provide an overview of niche‐related therapeutic targets currently undergoing preclinical and clinical investigation which may help improve the outcome in AML therapy.
Association of prenatal thoracic ultrasound abnormalities with copy number variants at a single Chinese tertiary center
Authors: Huang Qiong , Zhang Yongling , Jing Xiangyi , Li Fucheng , Qin Jiachun , Li Fatao , Li Dongzhi , Li Ru , Liao Can 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the association of prenatal thoracic ultrasound abnormalities with copy number variants (CNVs).MethodsChromosomal microarray (CMA) data and clinical characteristics from fetuses with thoracic ultrasound abnormalities were retrieved and analyzed.ResultsThoracic ultrasound findings were mainly isolated except for fetal pleural effusion (FPE) and pulmonary hypoplasia. The diagnostic yield of CMA for thoracic anomaly was 9.66%, and FPE (17/68, 25%), pulmonary hypoplasia (1/8, 12.5%), and congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) (6/79, 7.59%) indicated relatively high pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) CNV findings. The detection rate for P/LP CNVs was obviously increased in non‐isolated thoracic anomalies (27.91% vs. 1.96%, P < 0.0001), non‐isolated FPE (37.78% vs. 0%, P = 0.0007) and non‐isolated congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) (27.27% vs. 0%, P < 0.0001), and significantly different among thoracic anomalies. Additionally, the rate of termination of pregnancy in cases with non‐isolated thoracic anomalies (58.49% vs. 12.34%, P < 0.0001) and P/LP CNVs (85.71% vs. 24.15%, P < 0.0001) was obviously increased.ConclusionThe present study expanded phenotype spectrums for particular recurrent CNVs. FPE, CDH, and pulmonary hypoplasia indicated relatively high P/LP CNV findings among common thoracic ultrasound abnormalities, CPAM associated with other ultrasound abnormalities increased the incidence of diagnostic CNVs, while bronchopulmonary sequestration might not be associated with positive CNVs. The present data recommended CMA application for cases with prenatal thoracic ultrasound abnormalities, especially non‐isolated FPE, non‐isolated CPAM, CDH, and pulmonary hypoplasia.
Do markers of daily affect mediate associations between interpretation bias and depressive symptoms? A longitudinal study of early adolescents
Authors: Grocott Bronwen , Battaglini Ashley M. , Jopling Ellen , Tracy Alison , Rnic Katerina , Sanchez‐Lopez Alvaro , LeMoult Joelle 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionEarly adolescence represents a time of heightened vulnerability for depression. Negative interpretation biases have been associated with increases in depressive symptoms during this developmental period; however, the mechanisms underlying the association between interpretation biases and depression remain poorly understood. Cognitive theories posit that interpretation biases give rise to depression by modulating daily affect, particularly in the context of stress. However, this has not yet been directly examined. The present study tested affect intensity and instability as mechanisms linking negative interpretation biases with change in adolescent depressive symptoms.MethodsNinety‐four adolescents (aged 11–13 years; 51% boys) from Vancouver, Canada, were recruited for this longitudinal study. At baseline (Time 1), participants self‐reported depressive symptoms and completed the Scrambled Sentences Task to assess negative interpretation biases. Next, participants completed daily diaries to assess positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) during a naturalistic stressor—the first 2 weeks of high school (Time 2). Finally, participants self‐reported depressive symptoms 3 months later (Time 3). Path models were conducted to test whether PA and NA intensity and instability mediated prospective associations between negative interpretation biases and depressive symptom changes.ResultsAlthough NA intensity, NA instability, and PA instability predicted increases in depressive symptoms, only NA intensity mediated associations between interpretation biases and symptom changes. Neither PA intensity nor instability mediated these associations.ConclusionsElevated daily NA represents a specific mechanism through which stronger negative interpretation biases predict increases in depressive symptoms in adolescence.
Chitosan thread in the healing of the cecal wall of rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) submitted to cecorrhaphy
Authors: Ávila Filho S. H. , Moura V. M. B. D. , Queiroz P. J. B. , Faleiro M. B. R. , Lima B. S. G. , Freitas S. L. R. , Santos A. S. , Silva L. A. F. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe development and evaluation of synthesis materials are crucial to reducing the morbidity and magnitude of post‐enterorrhaphy surgical complications. Despite the possibility of production, chitosan thread has not yet been used in enterorrhaphy, and its effects on intestinal healing have not been evaluated. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of chitosan thread on the intestinal wall repair of rabbits submitted to cecorrhaphy. For this, 42 rabbits were allocated into two groups with 21 animals. One group was submitted to cecorrhaphy with chitosan suture thread (CG) and the other with poliglecaprone suture thread (PG). The occurrence of postoperative complications, the intensity of edema, cellular response, formation of granulation tissue, as well as the deposition and maturation of collagen fibers, and the intensity of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF‐α) expression, were evaluated during the intestinal wall repair process. The evaluations occurred on the 5th, 15th, and 25th postoperative (PO) days. The animals did not develop peritonitis, but adherence was observed in six animals from CG and seven from PG, with no difference between groups. The polymorphonuclear infiltrate showed higher intensity and higher amount of type III collagen fibers in CG on the 15th PO day. In contrast, a lower amount of type I collagen fibers was observed in CG samples on the 25th PO day. Therefore, the chitosan thread used for cecorrhaphy in rabbits results in minimal postoperative complications, presents biocompatibility, and bioactively assists the tissue repair process of the cecal wall, inducing minimal tissue reaction, stimulating the deposition of type III collagen fibers in the proliferative phase, with sustained VEGF‐α expression, but with reduced deposition of type I fibers, indicating a delay in collagen maturation.
Antidiabetic activity of eupafolin through peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐gamma and PI3K/Akt signaling in Type 2 diabetic rats
Authors: Wu Su , Ai Wenwei , Nie Lei , Lu Xiao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEupafolin is a phyto compound of flavone that exerts anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiproliferative properties. The main purpose of this study is to examine the antidiabetic effect of eupafolin on nicotinamide–streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced Type 2 diabetes (T2D) rats. After nicotinamide (120 mg/kg) treatment, STZ (60 mg/kg) was administrated intravenously to induce T2D. Rats with fasting blood glucose (FBG) > 200 mg/dL are chosen for the study 7 days after T2D induction. The eupafolin treatment was continued for another 15 days. FBG and an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were measured on the 21st day after T2D induction. The blood lipid, serum insulin, and homeostatic model assessment (HOMA‐IR) were determined. In liver homogenate, oxidative stress indicators were measured. In addition, the effect of eupafolin on the expression of the proteins InsR, insulin receptor substrate (IRS)‐2, GLUT4, PPARγ, and phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K)/Akt was investigated using a western blot. As measured by OGTT and HOMA‐IR, eupafolin treatment reduced FBG and insulin resistance (IR). Furthermore, when compared to diabetic rats, liver antioxidant enzymes were dramatically normalized. The level of glycogen in the liver of diabetic rats was increased by eupafolin treatment. In T2D rats, eupafolin dramatically increased the InsR, IRS‐2, GLUT4, and PPARγ. Further, the eupafolin treatment activated the PI3K/Akt signaling in T2D rats. These findings imply that the antidiabetic mechanism of eupafolin may be related to the activation of the PPARγ and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in T2D rats. As a result, the flavonoid eupafolin could be an antidiabetic medication for T2D after a comprehensive clinical investigation.
Gemcitabine resistance in non‐small cell lung cancer is mediated through activation of the PI3K/AKT/NF‐κB pathway and suppression of ERK signaling by reactive oxygen species
Authors: Chiu Chih‐Hao , Lin Yu‐Jung , Ramesh Samiraj , Kuo Wei‐Wen , Chen Ming‐Cheng , Kuo Chia‐Hua , Li Chi‐Cheng , Wang Tso‐Fu , Lin Yueh‐Min , Liao Po‐Hsiang , Huang Chih‐Yang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLung cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. Chemotherapy is a standard clinical treatment. However, tumor cells often develop multidrug resistance after chemotherapy, an inevitable bottleneck in cancer treatment. Therefore, this study used gemcitabine‐resistant (GEM‐R) CL1‐0 lung cancer cells. First, we used flow cytometry and western blot analysis to examine differences in performance between resistant and parental cells. The results showed that compared with parental cells, GEM‐R CL1‐0 cells significantly enhanced the activation of the AKT pathway, which promoted survival and growth, and decreased the activation of the reactive oxygen species‐extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ROS)‐ERK pathway. Next, the AKT and ERK pathways' role in tumor growth was further explored in vivo using a xenograft model. The results showed that enhancing AKT and inhibiting ERK activation reduced GEM‐induced inhibition of tumor growth. Finally, combining the above results, we found that GEM‐R CL1‐0 cells showed reduced sensitivity to GEM by activating the phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase/AKT/NF‐kB pathway and inhibiting the ROS‐ERK pathway leading to resistance against GEM. Therefore, the AKT and ERK pathways are potential targets for improving the sensitivity of cancer cells to anticancer drugs.
Novel chemical scaffold as potential drug against Leishmania donovani: Integrated computational and experimental approaches
Authors: Ranjan Preeti , Dubey Vikash Kumar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this study, we have screened a large number of Food and Drug Administration‐approved compounds for novel anti‐leishmanial molecules targeting the citrate synthase enzyme of the parasite. Based on their docking and molecular dynamic simulation statistics, five compounds were selected. These compounds followed Lipinski's rule of five. Additionally, in vitro, antileishmanial and cytotoxicity studies were performed. The three compounds, Abemaciclib, Bazedoxifene, and Vorapaxar, had shown effective anti‐leishmanial activities with IC50 values of 0.92 ± 0.02, 0.65 ± 0.09, and 6.1 ± 0.91 against Leishmania donovani promastigote and with EC50 values of 1.52 ± 0.37, 2.11 ± 0.38, 10.4 ± 1.27 against intramacrophagic amastigote without significantly harming macrophage cells. Among them, from in silico and antileishmanial activities studies, Abemaciclib had been selected based on their less binding energy, good antileishmanial activities, and also a significant difference in their binding energy with human citrate synthase for cell death mechanistic studies using flow cytometry and a DNA fragmentation assay. The action of this compound resulted in an increased reactive oxygen species production, depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential, DNA damage, and an increase in the sub‐G1 cell population. These properties are the hallmarks of apoptosis which were further confirmed by apoptotic assay. Based on the above result, this anticancer compound Abemaciclib could be employed as a potential treatment option for leishmaniasis after further confirmation.
Rab44 negatively regulates myoblast differentiation by controlling fusogenic protein transport and mTORC1 signaling
Authors: Tanimoto Ayuko , Yamaguchi Yu , Kadowaki Tomoko , Sakai Eiko , Oyakawa Shun , Ono Yusuke , Yoshida Noriaki , Tsukuba Takayuki 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSkeletal muscle is composed of multinucleated myotubes formed by the fusion of mononucleated myoblasts. Skeletal muscle differentiation, termed as myogenesis, have been investigated using the mouse skeletal myoblast cell line C2C12. It has been reported that several “small” Rab proteins, major membrane‐trafficking regulators, possibly regulate membrane protein transport in C2C12 cells; however, the role of Rab proteins in myogenesis remains unexplored. Rab44, a member of “large” Rab GTPases, has recently been identified as a negative regulator of osteoclast differentiation. In this study, using C2C12 cells, we found that Rab44 expression was upregulated during myoblast differentiation into myotubes. Knockdown of Rab44 enhanced myoblast differentiation and myotube formation. Consistent with these results, Rab44 knockdown in myoblasts increased expression levels of several myogenic marker genes. Rab44 knockdown increased the surface accumulation of myomaker and myomixer, two fusogenic proteins required for multinucleation, implying enhanced cell fusion. Conversely, Rab44 overexpression inhibited myoblast differentiation and tube formation, accompanied by decreased expression of some myogenic markers. Furthermore, Rab44 was found to be predominantly localized in lysosomes, and Rab44 overexpression altered the number and size of lysosomes. Considering the underlying molecular mechanism, Rab44 overexpression impaired the signaling pathway of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex1 (mTORC1) in C2C12 cells. Namely, phosphorylation levels of mTORC1 and downstream mTORC1 substrates, such as S6 and P70‐S6K, were notably lower in Rab44 overexpressing cells than those in control cells. These results indicate that Rab44 negatively regulates myoblast differentiation into myotubes by controlling fusogenic protein transport and mTORC1 signaling.
The emerging era of lactate: A rising star in cellular signaling and its regulatory mechanisms
Authors: Wu Di , Zhang Kejia , Khan Faheem Ahmed , Wu Qin , Pandupuspitasari Nuruliarizki Shinta , Tang Yuan , Guan Kaifeng , Sun Fei , Huang Chunjie 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCellular metabolites are ancient molecules with pleiotropic implications in health and disease. Beyond their cognate roles, they have signaling functions as the ligands for specific receptors and the precursors for epigenetic or posttranslational modifications. Lactate has long been recognized as a metabolic waste and fatigue product mainly produced from glycolytic metabolism. Recent evidence however suggests lactate is an unique molecule with diverse signaling attributes in orchestration of numerous biological processes, including tumor immunity and neuronal survival. The copious metabolic and non‐metabolic functions of lactate mediated by its bidirectional shuttle between cells or intracellular organelles lead to a phenotype called “lactormone.” Importantly, the mechanisms of lactate signaling, via acting as a molecular sensor and a regulator of NAD+ metabolism and AMP‐activated protein kinase signaling, and via the newly identified lactate‐driven lactylation, have been discovered. Further, we include a brief discussion about the autocrine regulation of efferocytosis by lactate in Sertoli cells which favoraerobic glycolysis. By emphasizing a repertoire of the most recent discovered mechanisms of lactate signaling, this review will open tantalizing avenues for future investigations cracking the regulatory topology of lactate signaling covered in the veil of mystery.
Evolutionarily conserved heat shock protein, HtpX, as an adjunct target against antibiotic‐resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Authors: Vashishtha Shubham , Thakur Sheetal , Singh Jasdeep , Adhana Sujata , Kundu Bishwajit 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe emergence of multiple drug resistance and extreme drug resistance pathogens necessitates the continuous evaluation of the pathogenic genome to identify conserved molecular targets and their respective inhibitors. In this study, we mapped the global mutational landscape of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (an intracellular pathogen notoriously known to cause the sexually transmitted disease gonorrhoea). We identified highly variable amino acid positions in the antibiotic target genes like the penA, ponA, 23s rRNA, rpoB, gyrA, parC, mtrR and porB. Some variations are directly reported to confer resistance to the currently used front‐line drugs like ceftriaxone, cefixime, azithromycin and ciprofloxacin. Further, by whole genome comparison and Shannon entropy analysis, we identified a completely conserved protein HtpX in the drug‐resistant as well as susceptible isolates of N. gonorrhoeae (NgHtpX). Comparison with the only available information of Escherichia coli HtpX suggested it to be a transmembrane metalloprotease having a role in stress response. The critical zinc‐binding residue of NgHtpX was mapped to E141. By applying composite high throughput screening followed by MD simulations, we identified pemirolast and thalidomide as high‐energy binding ligands of NgHtpX. Following cloning and expression of the purified metal‐binding domain of NgHtpX (NgHtpXd), its Zn2+‐binding (Kd = 0.4 µM) and drug‐binding (pemirolast, Kd = 3.47 µM; and thalidomide, Kd = 1.04 µM) potentials were determined using in‐vitro fluorescence quenching experiment. When tested on N. gonorrhoeae cultures, both the ligands imposed a dose‐dependent reduction in viability. Overall, our results provide high entropy positions in the targets of presently used antibiotics, which can be further explored to understand the AMR mechanism. Additionally, HtpX and its specific inhibitors identified can be utilised effectively in managing gonococcal infections.
STAIR Narrative Therapy for complex posttraumatic stress disorder: Treating sexual and gender minority trauma
Authors: Cloitre Marylene , Lovelund Adrienne A. , Jackson Christie , Edward Donovan , Baker Michelanne 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundComplex PTSD is a recent addition to the ICD‐11 diagnostic system.AimsThis case study describes the delivery of Skills Training in Affective and Interpersonal Regulation and Narrative Therapy (SNT), a flexible, multi‐component therapy that addresses the symptoms of complex posttraumatic stress disorder. SNT balances interventions that address current‐day stressors with those that reappraise the meaning of traumatic past events. This paper outlines 16 sessions of SNT with a 55‐year‐old gay man.DiscussionThe case analysis describes the ways in which SNT is relevant and effective in addressing the client's mulitple concerns. The skills work helped the client effectively manage ongoing minority stress, discrimination, and micro‐aggressions related to his identity as a gay man. Review and re‐appraisal of his traumatic memories, which focused on the sudden death of his partner from AIDS along with discussion of events from his childhood that shaped his reactions to this loss, allowed the client to create a more integrated sense of self as well as a more compassionate view of himself. Implications regarding the relevance of SNT for sexual and gender minority individuals are discussed.