bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting future onset of depression among middle-aged adults with no psychiatric history
Authors: Bilu Yonatan , Kalkstein Nir , Gilboa-Schechtman Eva , Akiva Pinchas , Zalsman Gil , Itzhaky Liat , Atzil-Slonim Dana 
Published: May 2023

Background
Depression is a major cause of disability worldwide. Recent data suggest that, in industrialised countries, the prevalence of depression peaks in middle age. Identifying factors predictive of future depressive episodes is crucial for developing prevention strategies for this age group.

Aims
We aimed to identify future depression in middle-aged adults with no previous psychiatric history.

Method
To predict a diagnosis of depression 1 year or more following a comprehensive baseline assessment, we used a data-driven, machine-learning methodology. Our data-set was the UK Biobank of middle-aged participants (N = 245 036) with no psychiatric history.

Results
Overall, 2.18% of the study population developed a depressive episode at least 1 year following baseline. Basing predictions on a single mental health questionnaire led to an area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic of 0.66, and a predictive model leveraging the combined results of 100 UK Biobank questionnaires and measurements improved this to 0.79. Our findings were robust to demographic variations (place of birth, gender) and variations in methods of depression assessment. Thus, machine-learning-based models best predict diagnoses of depression when allowing the inclusion of multiple features.

Conclusions
Machine-learning approaches show potential for being beneficial for the identification of clinically relevant predictors of depression. Specifically, we can identify, with moderate success, people with no recorded psychiatric history as at risk for depression by using a relatively small number of features. More work is required to improve these models and evaluate their cost-effectiveness before integrating them into the clinical workflow.
The Feasibility, Acceptability, and Effectiveness of Electronic Patient-Reported Outcome Symptom Monitoring for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Toxicities: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lai-Kwon Julia , Cohen Jordan E. , Lisy Karolina , Rutherford Claudia , Girgis Afaf , Basch Ethan , Jefford Michael 
Published: May 2023

PURPOSE Increasing use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in routine cancer care will increase the incidence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Systems are needed to support remote monitoring for irAEs. Electronic patient-reported outcome (ePRO) symptom monitoring systems can help monitor and manage symptoms and side effects. We assessed the content and features of ePRO symptom monitoring systems for irAEs, and their feasibility, acceptability, and impact on patient outcomes and health care utilization. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted in May 2022 on MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Quantitative and qualitative data relevant to the review questions were extracted and synthesized in tables. RESULTS Seven papers describing five ePRO systems were included. All systems collected PROs between clinic visits. Two of five used validated symptom questionnaires, 3/5 provided prompts to complete questionnaires, 4/5 provided reminders to self-report, and 3/5 provided clinician alerts for severe/worsening side effects. Four of five provided coverage of ≥26/30 irAEs in the ASCO irAE guideline. Feasibility and acceptability were demonstrated with consent rates of 54%-100%, 17%-27% of questionnaires generating alerts, and adherence rates of 74%-75%. One paper showed a reduction in grade 3-4 irAEs, treatment discontinuation, clinic visit duration, and emergency department presentations, while another showed no difference in these outcomes or the rate of steroid use. CONCLUSION There is preliminary evidence of the feasibility and acceptability of ePRO symptom monitoring for irAEs. However, further studies are needed to confirm the impact on ICI-specific outcomes, such as the frequency of grade 3-4 irAEs and duration of immunosuppression. Suggestions for the content and features of future ePRO systems for irAEs are provided.
Radiofrequency Ablation of Unifocal Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma With BRAF V600E Mutation
Authors: Lin Yan , Wu Zhao-rong , Shi Yao-ping , Ding Min , Tang Xiao-yin , He Yi , Zhai Bo , Li Ping 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Context
To date there is no study on the feasibility of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for papillary thyroid microcarcinomas (PTMCs) with BRAF V600E mutation.

Objective
This study was designed to evaluate the efficiency, safety, and prognosis of ultrasound (US)-guided percutaneous RFA for unifocal PTMCs with BRAF V600E mutation.

Materials and Methods
Sixty patients with 60 unifocal BRAF V600E mutation–positive PTMCs who received US-guided RFA between January 2020 and December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The mean maximum PTMC tumor diameter was 5.8 ± 1.7 mm (range, 2.5-10.0 mm). All PTMCs were pathologically confirmed by fine needle aspiration or core needle biopsy, and BRAF V600E mutation was confirmed to be positive by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) was performed immediately after RFA to evaluate whether PTMCs were extendedly ablated. Ultrasound was performed 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after RFA and every 6 months thereafter to evaluate the changes in the ablation zone, local recurrence, and cervical lymph node metastasis (LNM). The complications were recorded and evaluated.

Results
Extended ablation was achieved in all enrolled patients. The ablation zone sizes increased immediately after RFA compared with those of tumors before treatment. One month later, the ablation zone sizes were smaller than immediately after RFA. At the last follow-up assessment, 42 nodules (70.0%) completely disappeared and the ablation zones of 18 nodules (30.0%) showed fissure-like changes. No local recurrence or cervical LNM was detected. Voice change (1.7%) was the only major complication.

Conclusion
RFA is effective and safe in treating unifocal PTMCs with BRAF V600E mutation, especially when surgery is not feasible or refused by patients who are unwilling to continue active surveillance.
Time to Recurrence as a Prognostic Factor in Parathyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Magnabosco Felipe Ferraz , Brescia Marilia D’Elboux Guimarães , Nascimento Júnior Climério Pereira , Massoni Neto Ledo Mazzei , Arap Sergio Samir , de Castro Junior Gilberto , Ledesma Felipe Lourenço , Ferreira Alves Venancio Avancini , Kowalski Luiz Paulo , Martin Regina Matsunaga , de Menezes Montenegro Fabio Luiz 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is a rare and challenging disease without clearly understood prognostic factors. Adequate management can improve outcomes. Characteristics of patients treated for PC over time and factors affecting prognosis were analyzed.

Methods
Retrospective cohort study including surgically treated patients for PC between 2000 and 2021. If malignancy was suspected, free-margin resection was performed. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, surgical, pathological, and follow-up characteristics were assessed.

Results
Seventeen patients were included. Mean tumor size was 32.5 mm, with 64.7% staged as pT1/pT2. None had lymph node involvement at admission, and 2 had distant metastases. Parathyroidectomy with ipsilateral thyroidectomy was performed in 82.2%. Mean postoperative calcium levels were different between patients who developed recurrence vs those who did not (P = .03). Six patients (40%) had no recurrence during follow-up, 2 (13.3%) only regional, 3 (20%) only distant, and 4 (26.6%) both regional and distant. At 5 and 10 years, 79% and 56% of patients were alive, respectively. Median disease-free survival was 70 months. Neither Tumor, Nodule, Metastasis system nor largest tumor dimension (P = .29 and P = .74, respectively) were predictive of death. En bloc resection was not superior to other surgical modalities (P = .97). Time between initial treatment and development of recurrence negatively impacted overall survival rate at 36 months (P = .01).

Conclusion
Patients with PC can survive for decades and have indolent disease course. Free margins seem to be the most important factor in initial surgery. Recurrence was common (60%), but patients with disease recurrence within 36 months of initial surgery had a lower survival rate.
Inhibitory SMAD6 interferes with BMP dependent generation of muscle progenitor cells and perturbs proximodistal pattern of murine limb muscles
Authors: Asfour Hasan , Hirsinger Estelle , Rouco Raquel , Zarrouki Faouzi , Hayashi Shinichiro , Swist Sandra , Braun Thomas , Patel Ketan , Relaix Frédéric , Andrey Guillaume , Stricker Sigmar , Duprez Delphine , Stantzou Amalia , Amthor Helge 
Published: May 2023

The mechanism of pattern formation during limb muscle development remains poorly understood. The canonical view holds that naïve limb muscle progenitor cells (MPCs) invade a pre-established pattern of muscle connective tissue, thereby forming individual muscles.
Here we show that early murine embryonic limb MPCs highly accumulate pSMAD1/5/9, demonstrating active signaling of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) in these cells. Overexpression of inhibitory SMAD6 in limb MPCs abrogated BMP signaling, impaired their migration and proliferation, and accelerated myogenic lineage progression. Fewer primary myofibers developed, causing an aberrant proximodistal muscle pattern. Patterning was not disturbed when SMAD6 was overexpressed in differentiated muscle, implying that the proximodistal muscle pattern depends on BMP-mediated expansion of MPCs prior to their differentiation. We show that limb MPCs differentially express Hox genes, and Hox-expressing MPCs displayed active BMP signaling. SMAD6 overexpression caused loss of HOXA11 in early limb MPCs. In conclusion, our data show that BMP signaling controls expansion of embryonic limb MPC as a prerequisite for establishing the proximodistal muscle pattern, a process that involves expression of Hox genes.
The bHLH-PAS transcriptional complex Sim:Tgo plays active roles in late oogenesis to promote follicle maturation and ovulation
Authors: Oramas Rebecca , Knapp Elizabeth M , Zeng Baosheng , Sun Jianjun 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Across species, ovulation is a process induced by a myriad of signaling cascades that ultimately leads to the release of encapsulated oocytes from follicles. Follicles first need to mature and gain ovulatory competency before ovulation; however, the signaling pathways regulating follicle maturation are incompletely understood in Drosophila and other species. Our previous work has shown that the bHLH-PAS transcription factor Single-minded (Sim) plays important roles in follicle maturation downstream of the nuclear receptor Ftz-f1 in Drosophila. Here, we demonstrate that Tango (Tgo), another bHLH-PAS protein, acts as a co-factor of Sim to promote follicle cell differentiation from stages 10 to 12. In addition, we discover that re-upregulation of Sim in stage-14 follicle cells is also essential to promote ovulatory competency by upregulating octopamine receptor in mushroom body (OAMB), matrix metalloproteinase 2 (Mmp2) and NADPH oxidase (NOX), either independently of or in conjunction with the zinc-finger protein Hindsight (Hnt). All these factors are crucial for successful ovulation. Together, our work indicates that the transcriptional complex Sim:Tgo plays multiple roles in late-stage follicle cells to promote follicle maturation and ovulation.
PATL2 regulates mRNA homeostasis in oocytes by interacting with EIF4E and CPEB1
Authors: Zhang Zhihua , Liu Ruyi , Zhou Hongbin , Li Qun , Qu Ronggui , Wang Weijie , Zhou Zhou , Yu Ran , Zeng Yang , Mu Jian , Chen Biaobang , Guo Xuejiang , Sang Qing , Wang Lei 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
The accumulation and storage of maternal mRNA is crucial for oocyte maturation and embryonic development. PATL2 is an oocyte-specific RNA-binding protein, and previous studies have confirmed that PATL2 mutation in humans and knockout mice cause oocyte maturation arrest or embryonic development arrest, respectively. However, the physiological function of PATL2 in the process of oocyte maturation and embryonic development is largely unknown. Here, we report that PATL2 is highly expressed in growing oocytes and couples with EIF4E and CPEB1 to regulate maternal mRNA expression in immature oocytes. The germinal vesicle oocytes from Patl2−/− mice exhibit decreasing maternal mRNA expression and reduced levels of protein synthesis. We further confirmed that PATL2 phosphorylation occurs in the oocyte maturation process and identified the S279 phosphorylation site using phosphoproteomics. We found that the S279D mutation decreased the protein level of PATL2 and led to subfertility in Palt2S279D knock-in mice. Our work reveals the previously unrecognized role of PATL2 in regulating the maternal transcriptome and shows that phosphorylation of PATL2 leads to the regulation of PATL2 protein levels via ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation in oocytes.
Caring for patients with periprosthetic femoral fractures across England and Wales in 2021
Authors: Jones Conor S. , Eardley William G. P. , Johansen Antony , Inman Dominic S. , Evans Jonathan T. 
Published: May 2023

AimsThe aim of this study was to describe services available to patients with periprosthetic femoral fracture (PPFF) in England and Wales, with focus on variation between centres and areas for care improvement.MethodsThis work used data freely available from the National Hip Fracture Database (NHFD) facilities survey in 2021, which asked 21 questions about the care of patients with PPFFs, and nine relating to clinical decision-making around a hypothetical case.ResultsOf 174 centres contributing data to the NHFD, 161 provided full responses and 139 submitted data on PPFF. Lack of resources was cited as the main reason for not submitting data. Surgeon (44.6%) and theatre (29.7%) availability were reported as the primary reasons for surgical delay beyond 36 hours. Less than half had a formal process for a specialist surgeon to operate on PPFF at least every other day. The median number of specialist surgeons at each centre was four (interquartile range (IQR) 3 to 6) for PPFF around both hips and knees. Around one-third of centres reported having one dedicated theatre list per week. The routine discussion of patients with PPFF at local and regional multidisciplinary team meetings was lower than that for all-cause revision arthroplasties. Six centres reported transferring all patients with PPFF around a hip joint to another centre for surgery, and this was an occasional practice for a further 34. The management of the hypothetical clinical scenario was varied, with 75 centres proposing ORIF, 35 suggested revision surgery and 48 proposed a combination of both revision and fixation.ConclusionThere is considerable variation in both the organization of PPFF services England and Wales, and in the approach taken to an individual case. The rising incidence of PPFF and complexity of these patients highlight the need for pathway development. The adoption of networks may reduce variability and improve outcomes for patients with PPFF.Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2023;4(5):378–384.
Continuous extracorporeal femoral perfusion model for intravascular ultrasound, computed tomography and digital subtraction angiography
Authors: Gruschwitz Philipp , Hartung Viktor , Kleefeldt Florian , Peter Dominik , Lichthardt Sven , Huflage Henner , Grunz Jan-Peter , Augustin Anne Marie , Ergün Süleyman , Bley Thorsten Alexander , Petritsch Bernhard 
Published: May 2023

Objectives
We developed a novel human cadaveric perfusion model with continuous extracorporeal femoral perfusion suitable for performing intra-individual comparison studies, training of interventional procedures and preclinical testing of endovascular devices. Objective of this study was to introduce the techniques and evaluate the feasibility for realistic computed tomography angiography (CTA), digital subtraction angiography (DSA) including vascular interventions, and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS).

Methods
The establishment of the extracorporeal perfusion was attempted using one formalin-fixed and five fresh-frozen human cadavers. In all specimens, the common femoral and popliteal arteries were prepared, introducer sheaths inserted, and perfusion established by a peristaltic pump. Subsequently, we performed CTA and bilateral DSA in five cadavers and IVUS on both legs of four donors. Examination time without unintentional interruption was measured both with and without non-contrast planning CT. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting was performed by two interventional radiologists on nine extremities (five donors) using a broad spectrum of different intravascular devices.

Results
The perfusion of the upper leg arteries was successfully established in all fresh-frozen but not in the formalin-fixed cadaver. The experimental setup generated a stable circulation in each procedure (ten upper legs) for a period of more than six hours. Images acquired with CT, DSA and IVUS offered a realistic impression and enabled the sufficient visualization of all examined vessel segments. Arterial cannulating, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty as well as stent deployment were feasible in a way that is comparable to a vascular intervention in vivo. The perfusion model allowed for introduction and testing of previously not used devices.

Conclusions
The continuous femoral perfusion model can be established with moderate effort, works stable, and is utilizable for medical imaging of the peripheral arterial system using CTA, DSA and IVUS. Therefore, it appears suitable for research studies, developing skills in interventional procedures and testing of new or unfamiliar vascular devices.
Protein energy wasting in pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients in Benin City, Nigeria: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Osunbor Osariemen Augustine , Unuigbe Evelyn Irobere , Okaka Enajite Ibiene , Adejumo Oluseyi Ademola 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionProtein energy wasting (PEW) is common among chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, especially those with advanced stage. It worsens frailty, sarcopenia and debility in CKD patients. Despite the importance of PEW, it is not routinely assessed during management of CKD patients in Nigeria. The prevalence of PEW and its associated factors were determined in pre-dialysis CKD patients.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study that involved 250 pre-dialysis CKD patients and 125 age- and sex- matched healthy controls. Body mass index (BMI), subjective global assessment (SGA) scores and serum albumin levels were used in PEW assessment. The factors associated with PEW were identified. P-value of < 0.05 was taken as significant.ResultsThe mean age of CKD and control group were 52.3±16.0 years and 50.5±16.0 years, respectively. The prevalence of low BMI, hypoalbuminaemia and malnutrition defined by SGA in pre-dialysis CKD patients were 42.4%, 62.0% and 74.8%, respectively. The overall prevalence of PEW among the pre-dialysis CKD patients was 33.3%. On multiple logistic regression, the factors associated with PEW in CKD were being middle aged (adjusted odds ratio: 12.50; confidence interval: 3.42–45.00; p <0.001), depression (adjusted odds ratio: 2.34; confidence interval: 1.02–5.40; p = 0.046) and CKD stage 5 (adjusted odds ratio: 12.83; confidence interval: 3.53–46.60; p <0.001).ConclusionPEW is common in pre-dialysis CKD patients and it was associated with middle age, depression and advanced CKD. Early intervention aimed at addressing depression in early stages of CKD may prevent PEW and improve overall outcome in CKD patients.
Depressive rumination and trait anxiety mediate the effects of childhood victimization on adulthood depressive symptoms in adult volunteers
Authors: Masuya Jiro , Morishita Chihiro , Higashiyama Motoki , Deguchi Ayaka , Ishii Yoshitaka , Ono Miki , Honyashiki Mina , Iwata Yoshio , Inoue Takeshi 
Published: May 2023

Background
Prior studies have reported that childhood victimization experiences substantially augment the risk of depression and suicide in adulthood. Several of our previous studies suggested that childhood experiences of victimization interact with the quality of parenting experienced in childhood, childhood experiences of abuse, neuroticism, and other factors to influence depressive symptoms in adulthood. In this study, it was hypothesized that “childhood victimization” worsens “trait anxiety” and “depressive rumination”, and that “trait anxiety” and “depressive rumination” are mediators that worsen “depressive symptoms in adulthood”.

Subjects and methods
The following self-administered questionnaires were completed by 576 adult volunteers: Patient Health Questionnaire-9, State–Trait Anxiety Inventory form Y, Ruminative Responses Scale, and Childhood Victimization Rating Scale. Statistical analyses were performed by Pearson correlation coefficient analysis, t-test, multiple regression analysis, path analysis, and covariance structure analysis.

Results
Path analysis demonstrated that the direct effect was statistically significant for the paths from childhood victimization to trait anxiety, depressive rumination, and depressive symptom severity. Moreover, the indirect effect of childhood victimization on depressive rumination mediated by trait anxiety was statistically significant. The indirect effects of childhood victimization on depressive symptom severity mediated by trait anxiety and depressive rumination were statistically significant. Furthermore, the indirect effect of childhood victimization on depressive symptom severity mediated by both trait anxiety and depressive rumination was statistically significant.

Conclusions
We found that childhood victimization directly and adversely influenced each of the above factors, and indirectly worsened adulthood depressive symptoms with trait anxiety and depressive ruminations as mediating factors. The present study is the first to clarify these mediation effects. Therefore, the results of this study suggest the importance of preventing childhood victimization and the importance of identifying and addressing childhood victimization in patients with clinical depression.