bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Telomere length as a marker of changes in body composition and fractures-an analysis of data from the NHANES 2001-2002
Authors: Guo Youfeng , Zhao Haihong , Wang Feng , Xu Haowei , Liu Xiaowei , Hu Tao , Wu Desheng 
Published: September 2023

PurposeThere has been an association between changes in body composition, fracture incidence, and age in previous studies. Telomere length (TL) has been proposed as a biomarker of aging. However, the relationship between body composition, fractures, and TL has rarely been studied. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the correlation between TL and body composition and fractures.Patients and methods: 20950 participants from the 2001-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were included in the final analysis. In NHANES, body compositions were measured with DXA, and TL was determined with quantitative PCR. Correlation analysis of TL and body composition was conducted using multivariate weighted linear regression and logistic regression models.ResultsThe results showed that TL positively correlated with bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) in most body parts. However, BMD and BMC were negatively connected with TL in the upper limbs and skull. Fat content was negatively associated with TL, while muscle content was positively linked to TL. In addition, TL’s trend analysis results were consistent with the regression model when transformed from a continuous to a classified variable. An increase in TL was associated with a higher incidence of wrist fractures, while a decrease in spine fractures. The above correlation also has a certain degree of sex specificity.ConclusionOur study indicate that TL is associated with body composition as well as fractures, but further research is needed to confirm these contrasting associations in the skull, upper limbs, and wrists.
CD4+TGFβ+ cells infiltrated the bursa of Fabricius following IBDV infection, and correlated with a delayed viral clearance, but did not correlate with disease severity, or immunosuppression
Authors: Nazki Salik , Reddy Vishwanatha R. A. P. , Kamble Nitin , Sadeyen Jean-Remy , Iqbal Munir , Behboudi Shahriar , Shelton Holly , Broadbent Andrew J. 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionInfectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) causes immunosuppression in chickens. While B-cell destruction is the main cause of humoral immunosuppression, bursal T cells from IBDV-infected birds have been reported to inhibit the mitogenic response of splenocytes, indicating that some T cell subsets in the infected bursa have immunomodulatory activities. CD4+CD25+TGFβ+ cells have been recently described in chickens that have immunoregulatory properties and play a role in the pathogenesis of Marek’s Disease Virus.MethodsTo evaluate if CD4+CD25+TGFβ+ cells infiltrated the bursa of Fabricius (BF) following IBDV infection, and influenced the outcome of infection, birds were inoculated at either 2 days or 2 weeks of age with vaccine strain (228E), classic field strain (F52/70), or PBS (mock), and bursal cell populations were quantified by flow cytometry.ResultsBoth 228E and F52/70 led to atrophy of the BF, a significant reduction of Bu1+-B cells, and a significant increase in CD4+ and CD8α+ T cells in the BF, but only F52/70 caused suppression of immune responses to a test antigen in younger birds, and clinical signs in older birds. Virus was cleared from the BF more rapidly in younger birds than older birds. An infiltration of CD4+CD25+T cells into the BF, and elevated expression of bursal TGFβ-1+ mRNA was observed at all time points following infection, irrespective of the strain or age of the birds, but CD4+TGFβ+cells and CD4+CD25+TGFβ+ cells only appeared in the BF at 28 dpi in younger birds. In older birds, CD4+TGFβ+ cells and CD4+CD25+TGFβ+ cells were present at earlier time points, from 7dpi following 228E infection, and from 14 and 28 dpi following F52/70 infection, respectively.DiscussionOur data suggest that an earlier infiltration of CD4+TGFβ+ cells into the BF correlated with a delayed clearance of virus. However, the influx of CD4+TGFβ+ cells and CD4+CD25+TGFβ+ into the BF did not correlate with increased pathogenicity, or immunosuppression.
NETosis: an emerging therapeutic target in renal diseases
Authors: Juha Márk , Molnár Adél , Jakus Zoltán , Ledó Nóra 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionNeutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are web-like structures composed of nuclear and granular components. The primary role of NETS is to prevent the dissemination of microbes and facilitate their elimination. However, this process is accompanied by collateral proinflammatory adverse effects when the NET release becomes uncontrollable, or clearance is impaired. Although NET-induced organ damage is conducted primarily and indirectly via immune complexes and the subsequent release of cytokines, their direct effects on cells are also remarkable. NETosis plays a critical pathogenic role in several renal disorders, such as the early phase of acute tubular necrosis, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-mediated renal vasculitis, lupus nephritis, thrombotic microangiopathies, anti-glomerular basement membrane disease, and diabetic nephropathy. Their substantial contribution in the course of these disorders makes them a desirable target in the therapeutic armamentarium. This article gives an in-depth review of the heterogeneous pathogenesis and physiological regulations of NETosis and its pivotal role in renal diseases. Based on the pathogenesis, the article also outlines the current therapeutic options and possible molecular targets in the treatment of NET-related renal disorders.MethodsWe carried out thorough literature research published in PubMed and Google Scholar, including a comprehensive review and analysis of the classification, pathomechanisms, and a broad spectrum of NET-related kidney disorders.ConclusionsNETosis plays a pivotal role in certain renal diseases. It initiates and maintains inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, thus making it a desirable target for improving patient and renal outcomes. Better understanding and clinical translation of the pathogenesis are crucial aspects to treatment, for improving patient, and renal outcomes.
Therapeutic management of severe spinal cord decompression sickness in a hyperbaric center
Authors: Simonnet Benjamin , Roffi Romain , Lehot Henri , Morin Jean , Druelle Arnaud , Daubresse Lucille , Louge Pierre , Maistre Sébastien de , Gempp Emmanuel , Vallee Nicolas , Blatteau Jean-Eric 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionSpinal cord decompression sickness (scDCS) unfortunately has a high rate of long-term sequelae. The purpose of this study was to determine the best therapeutic management in a hyperbaric center and, in particular, the influence of hyperbaric treatment performed according to tables at 4 atm (Comex 30) or 2.8 atm abs (USNT5 or T6 equivalent).MethodsThis was a retrospective study that included scDCS with objective sensory or motor deficit affecting the limbs and/or sphincter impairment seen at a single hyperbaric center from 2010 to 2020. Information on dive, time to recompression, and in-hospital management (hyperbaric and medical treatments such as lidocaine) were analyzed as predictor variables, as well as initial clinical severity and clinical deterioration in the first 24 h after initial recompression. The primary endpoint was the presence or absence of sequelae at discharge as assessed by the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association score.Results102 divers (52 ± 16 years, 20 female) were included. In multivariate analysis, high initial clinical severity, deterioration in the first 24 h, and recompression tables at 4 atm versus 2.8 atm abs for both initial and additional recompression were associated with incomplete neurological recovery. Analysis of covariance comparing the effect of initial tables at 2.8 versus 4 atm abs as a function of initial clinical severity showed a significantly lower level of sequelae with tables at 2.8 atm. In studying correlations between exposure times to maximum or cumulative O2 dose and the degree of sequelae, the optimal initial treatment appears to be a balance between administration of a high partial pressure of O2 (2.8 atm) and a limited exposure duration that does not result in pulmonary oxygen toxicity. Further analysis suggests that additional tables in the first 24–48 h at 2.8 atm abs with a Heliox mixture may be beneficial, while the use of lidocaine does not appear to be relevant.ConclusionOur study shows that the risk of sequelae is related not only to initial severity but also to clinical deterioration in the first 24 h, suggesting the activation of biological cascades that can be mitigated by well-adapted initial and complementary hyperbaric treatment.
Maternal stress is associated with higher protein-bound amino acid concentrations in human milk
Authors: Juncker Hannah G. , Naninck Eva F. G. , van Keulen Britt J. , Harinck Jolinda E. , Schipper Lidewij , Lucassen Paul J. , van Goudoever Johannes B. , de Rooij Susanne R. , Korosi Aniko 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundMaternal stress in the postpartum period affects not only the mother but also her newborn child, who is at increased risk of developing metabolic and mental disorders later in life. The mechanisms by which stress is transmitted to the infant are not yet fully understood. Human milk (HM) is a potential candidate as maternal stress affects various components of HM, e.g., fat and immunoglobulin concentrations. To date, it is unknown whether maternal stress also affects the amino acids (AAs) in HM, even though this nutrient is of extreme importance to child health and development. This study aimed to investigate whether and how maternal stress is associated with the AA composition of HM.MethodsIn this observational cohort study (Amsterdam, The Netherlands), lactating women were recruited in two study groups: a high-stress (HS) group; women whose child was hospitalized (n = 24), and a control (CTL) group; women who gave birth to a healthy child (n = 73). HM was collected three times a day, on postpartum days 10, 17, and 24. Perceived psychological stress was measured using validated questionnaires, while biological stress measures were based on hair, saliva, and HM cortisol concentrations. HM protein-bound and free AAs were analyzed by liquid chromatography and compared between groups.ResultsMaternal perceived stress scores were higher in the HS group (p &lt; 0.01). The concentrations of protein-bound AAs in HM were higher in the HS group compared to the CTL group (p = 0.028) and were positively associated with HM cortisol concentrations (p = 0.024). The concentrations of free AAs did not differ between study groups and were unrelated to cortisol concentrations.ConclusionFindings from this prospective cohort study suggest that maternal stress in the postpartum period is associated with an altered human milk amino acid composition, which could play a role in the transmission of maternal stress effects to her child. The physiological implications of these stress-induced changes for infant development await future research.
Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and risk of gastric cancer: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis
Authors: Zhu Qin , Shu Long , Zhou Feng , Chen Li-Peng , Feng Yu-Liang 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundDespite growing evidence for the association of adherence to the Mediterranean diet with gastric cancer risk, the results remain inconclusive. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to summarize the evidence from previous observational studies and assess the potential association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and risk of gastric cancer using a dose–response meta-analysis.MethodsA comprehensive literature search for all observational studies published up to June 30, 2023 was conducted using the databases of PubMed, ISI Web of Science, EBSCO, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang Data. The pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for the highest versus the lowest categories of Mediterranean diet score in relation to gastric cancer risk, using random-effects models. The Cochran’s Q test and I-squared (I2) statistic were used to detect the sources of heterogeneity among the included studies.ResultsOverall, 11 studies (five cohort and six case–control studies) with a total number of 1,366,318 participants were included in the final analysis. Combining 14 effect sizes from 11 studies revealed that compared with the lowest category, the highest adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with a 29% reduction in the risk of gastric cancer (RR:0.71; 95%CI:0.59–0.84, p &lt; 0.001). In addition, linear dose–response analysis showed that each 1-score increment in Mediterranean diet score was associated with a 5% lower risk of gastric cancer (RR:0.95; 95%CI: 0.94–0.96, p &lt; 0.001). Stratified analysis showed a significant association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and risk of gastric cancer in case–control studies (RR = 0.44;95%CI:0.32–0.61, p &lt; 0.001), and a marginally significant association in prospective cohort studies (RR = 0.88; 95%CI: 0.79–0.98, p = 0.024), respectively. At the same time, a more significant association between Mediterranean diet and reduced risk of gastric cancer was observed in other countries (RR = 0.28; 95%CI:0.16–0.49, p &lt; 0.001) than in Western countries (RR = 0.75; 95%CI:0.64–0.88, p = 0.001).ConclusionOur results demonstrate that high adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with 29% reduced risk of gastric cancer. Further large prospective studies and randomized controlled trials are warranted to confirm our findings.
Clinicopathological analysis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma using molecular biomarkers: a retrospective analysis from 7 Hungarian centers
Authors: Balikó Anett , Szakács Zsolt , Kajtár Béla , Ritter Zsombor , Gyenesei Attila , Farkas Nelli , Kereskai László , Vályi-Nagy István , Alizadeh Hussain , Pajor László 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundThe clinical and genetic heterogeneity of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) presents distinct challenges in predicting response to therapy and overall prognosis. The main objective of this study was to assess the application of the immunohistochemistry- and interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)-based molecular markers in the diagnosis of DLBCL and its prognostic value in patients treated with rituximab-based immunochemotherapy.MethodsThis is a multicenter, retrospective study, which analyzed data from 7 Hungarian hematology centers. Eligible patients were adults, had a histologically confirmed diagnosis of DLBCL, were treated with rituximab-based immunochemotherapy in the first line, and had available clinicopathological data including International Prognostic Index (IPI). On the specimens, immunohistochemistry and FISH methods were performed. Germinal center B-cell like (GCB) and non-GCB subtypes were classified by the Hans algorithm. Outcomes included overall survival (OS), event-free survival (EFS), and EFS at 2 years (EFS24). For survival analysis, we used Kaplan-Meier curves with the log-rank test and multivariate Cox regression.ResultsA total of 247 DLBCL cases were included. Cases were positive for MYC, BCL2, BCL6, and MUM1 expression in 52.1%, 66.2%, 72.6%, and 77.8%, respectively. BCL6 translocation, BCL2 gene copy number (GCN) gain, IGH::MYC translocation, MYC GCN gain, IGH::BCL2 translocation, and BCL6 GCN gain were detected in 21.4%, 14.1%, 7.3%, 1.8%, 7.3%, and 0.9%, respectively. At a median follow-up of 52 months, 140 patients (56.7%) had disease progression or relapse. The Kaplan-Meier estimate for EFS24 was 56.2% (CI: 50.4–62.8%). In univariate analysis, only IPI and BCL6 expression were significant predictors of both OS and EFS, whereas MUM1 predicted EFS only. In multivariate analysis, the IPI score was a significant independent negative, whereas MIB-1 and BCL6 protein expressions were significant independent positive predictors of both OS and EFS.ConclusionIn our study, we found that only IPI, BCL6 protein expression and MIB-1 protein expression are independent predictors of survival outcomes in DLBCL. We did not find any difference in survival by GCB vs. non-GCB subtypes. These findings may improve prognostication in DLBCL and can contribute to designing further research in the area.
Prospective study of the effect of auricular percutaneous electrical nerve field stimulation on quality of life in children with pain related disorders of gut-brain interaction
Authors: Chogle Ashish , Visnagra Kaajal , Janchoi Jamie , Tran Tammy , Davis Rachel , Callas Nicole , Ornelas Elisa 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundDisorders of the Gut-Brain Interaction (DGBIs) account for 50% of pediatric gastrointestinal (GI) consultations. Children with DGBIs have worse quality of life (QoL) than those with organic GI disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Pediatric DGBIs patients, especially those with chronic abdominal pain (AP), have impaired QoL and increased psychological distress in the form of anxiety and depression. Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Field Stimulation (PENFS) therapy has been shown to be effective in improving symptoms and functioning in children with DGBIs. The treatment's impact on these patients' QoL is unknown.MethodsThis prospective study evaluated changes in QoL, gastrointestinal symptoms, functional disability, somatization, global health, anxiety, and depression in patients aged 11–18 years who received PENFS therapy (IB-stim, NeurAxis, Versailles, IN) for treatment of pain related DGBIs, once a week for four consecutive weeks.ResultsThis study included 31 patients with an average age of 15.7 years (SD = 2); 80.6% were female. After PENFS therapy, patients reported significant reductions in abdominal pain, nausea severity, functional disability, somatization, and anxiety from baseline to week 4 (p &lt; 0.05). Parents reported significant improvement in their child's QoL regarding physical function, psychosocial function, and generic core scale scores (p &lt; 0.05). Parents also noted reduced abdominal pain, functional disability, and somatization. Average scores on the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Global Health scale significantly improved based on both patient and parent reports (p &lt; 0.05). Our patients' QoL was significantly lower than healthy controls at baseline and after treatment (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionOur research demonstrates that PENFS significantly enhances the QoL of children suffering from pain-related DGBIs, in addition to improvement in GI symptoms, daily functioning, somatization, global health, and psychological comorbidities. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of PENFS and its potential to alleviate the suffering of countless children.
Primary ciliary dyskinesia diagnosis and management and its implications in America: a mini review
Authors: Castillo M. , Freire E. , Romero V. I. 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionPrimary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare genetic disorder that can result in significant morbidity and mortality if left untreated. Clinical manifestations of PCD include recurrent respiratory infections, laterality defects, and infertility, all of which arise from impaired or absent ciliary motility. Diagnostic approaches for PCD may include high-speed video microscopy, measurement of nasal nitric oxide levels, and genetic testing; however, no single definitive diagnostic test exists. The present study aims to highlight the lack of standardized diagnostic and treatment guidelines for PCD in Latin America (Central and South America, and the Caribbean). To this effect, we compared North American and European recommendations for the diagnosis and management of PCD and found that certain diagnostic tools and treatment options mentioned in these guidelines are not readily accessible in many Latin American countries.Methods &amp; ResultsThis review gathers disease information in North America, Europe, and Latin America organizing guideline results into tables for clarity and potential interventions. Management information for Latin America is inferred from case reports, as most findings are from North American recommendations and studies on PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. Treatment and management information is based on North American and European standards.Among 5,774 publications reviewed, only 15 articles met the inclusion criteria (focused on PCD management, peer-reviewed, and located in America). No clinical guideline for PCD in Latin America was found, but recommendations on respiratory management from Colombia and Chile were discovered. The lack of guidelines in Latin America may originate from limited resources and research on the disease in those countries.DiscussionPCD lacks documentation, research, and recommendations regarding its prevalence in Latin America, likely due to unfavorable economic conditions. This disadvantage results in limited access to diagnostic tests available in North America and Europe. The PICADAR score, discussed in this review, can be used in low-income nations as a screening tool for the disorder.
Case report: Structural brain abnormalities in TUBA1A-tubulinopathies: a narrative review
Authors: Pavone Piero , Striano Pasquale , Cacciaguerra Giovanni , Marino Simona Domenica , Parano Enrico , Pappalardo Xena Giada , Falsaperla Raffaele , Ruggieri Martino 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionTubulin genes have been related to severe neurological complications and the term “tubulinopathy” now refers to a heterogeneous group of disorders involving an extensive family of tubulin genes with TUBA1A being the most common. A review was carried out on the complex and severe brain abnormalities associated with this genetic anomaly.MethodsA literature review of the cases of TUBA1A-tubulopathy was performed to investigate the molecular findings linked with cerebral anomalies and to describe the clinical and neuroradiological features related to this genetic disorder.ResultsClinical manifestations of TUBA1A-tubulinopathy patients are heterogeneous and severe ranging from craniofacial dysmorphism, notable developmental delay, and intellectual delay to early-onset seizures, neuroradiologically associated with complex abnormalities. TUBA1A-tubulinopathy may display various and complex cortical and subcortical malformations.DiscussionA range of clinical manifestations related to different cerebral structures involved may be observed in patients with TUBA1A-tubulinopathy. Genotype–phenotype correlations are discussed here. Individuals with cortical and subcortical anomalies should be screened also for pathogenic variants in TUBA1A.
Social support as a mediator in the relationship between technostress or academic stress and health: analysis by gender among university students
Authors: Asensio-Martínez Angela , Aguilar-Latorre Alejandra , Masluk Bárbara , Gascón-Santos Santiago , Sánchez-Calavera María Antonia , Sánchez-Recio Raquel 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionThis research aims to study the role of social support as a mediator in the relationship between technostress or academic stress and health in university students.MethodsA descriptive, quantitative cross-sectional study has been carried out through a self-reported survey answered by 389 students during March and April 2022. The current level of health was the outcome variable. Technostress and academic stress were the criterion variables. Perceived social support was the mediator variable. The sociodemographic variables and ICT use at the educational level were the independent variables.ResultsWomen have higher levels of technostress and academic stress than men. Social support significantly and positively mediates the relationship between academic stress and self-perceived health in men.DiscussionThere is a clear need to develop new social management strategies that assist students in developing stable and long-lasting social networks, which can reduce stress during the student period and provide personal tools for later working life.