bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of bleeding during dental implant surgery using a novel implant with an abbreviated drilling protocol: A clinical report
Authors: Babayan Mikhail , Bidra Avinash S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCoagulopathy is a well‐recognized complication in dental surgery in patients who use oral anticoagulants or some dietary supplements. Proper pre‐operative diagnosis, medical consultation, timely management, and conservative treatment can decrease the incidence of such complications. Management of bleeding during dental implant surgery commonly involves conventional methods such as discontinuation of anticoagulant use, compression, styptics, and local anesthetic administration containing vasoconstrictors. This clinical report describes the successful management of a patient with a history of coagulopathy who was rehabilitated with complete arch fixed implant‐supported prostheses with immediate loading. A novel implant design with a significantly abbreviated single drill protocol for osteotomy preparation was used in an outpatient setting. The novel protocol successfully decreased the overall bleeding and significantly reduced the intraoperative time for the surgical procedure. Additional considerations related to the novel implant design and osteotomy protocol, supplementary applications, and advantages of the protocol are presented in this article.
Digital workflow of labial guides for alveolar ridge reduction during implant‐supported full‐arch rehabilitation
Authors: Fang Tinglu , Gao Jing , Wu Qin , Xie Chenyang , Zhang Yuqiang , Lu Jiayi , Yu Haiyang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article presents a technique for fabricating two‐piece labial guides using resin and cobalt‐chromium for guided alveoloplasty, implant placement, and immediate full‐arch implant‐supported fixed complete denture placement. This technique reduces tissue damage and overcomes the negative effect of the anatomical position of the palatal neuropore and mobility of the tissue flap on the positioning and stability of the guide. The use of labial retention metal guides with improved mechanical properties of cobalt‐chromium and fixation plugs allows the unilateral placement of the guide. Thus, minimally invasive implant surgery can be performed owing to the absence of large palatal flap elevation and obstruction. Such a design provides better stability of the guides and clear visual access during surgery.
Repeated Exposure Effect on the Likeability of Odors Depends on the Exposure Time and Stimulus‐Processing During Exposure
Authors: Ogawa Midori , Ayabe‐Kanamura Saho 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe investigated whether stimulus‐processing in sensory or semantic memory influenced affective responses after repeated exposures. This entailed exploring whether activating sensory memory by comparing odor strength during exposure (Experiments 1 and 3) or activating semantic memory by naming the odor during exposure (Experiments 2 and 4) changed affective responses to the odor. Generally pleasant or generally unpleasant odors were presented to participants 40 times (Experiments 1 and 2) or 10 times (Experiments 3 and 4), and their liking for the odor was rated before and after the exposure. Results indicated that affective responses to odors became neutral after 40 exposures, regardless of processing the odor in sensory or semantic memory during the exposure. The liking score changed only for likable odors after 10 exposures, when the odor was processed in sensory memory (bottom‐up processing) during the exposure. These findings suggest that affective responses change through repeated exposure, regardless of the type of stimulus processing. However, the repeated exposure effect differed based on the stimulus‐processing type during the exposure, when the number of exposures was limited.
Thirlwall's law: Binding constraint or ‘centre‐of‐gravity’?
Authors: J. Dávila‐Fernández Marwil , Sordi Serena 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThirlwall's law is one of the most powerful empirical regularities in demand‐led growth theories. In recent years, the challenges imposed by globalisation have led to a new wave of studies incorporating into this framework topics such as ecological sustainability, the complexity of innovation processes, the role of institutions, the composition of external imbalances, and gender issues. We notice some overlapping between two alternative interpretations: one that sees the law as a binding constraint and another that adopts a kind of ‘centre‐of‐gravity’ perspective. It is argued that they may be rather complementary. By means of a simple Keynesian multiplier model compatible with Harrodian instability, we show that assuming a balance‐of‐payments ceiling to growth gives rise to persistent and bounded fluctuations such that the external constraint works as an asymmetric ‘centre‐of‐gravity’. There is no need to impose a floor to output. Moreover, the model allows for different sources of autonomous demand. Numerical simulations show the robustness of our results with respect to alternative scenarios.
The effects of alarm fatigue on the tendency to make medical errors in nurses working in intensive care units
Authors: Gündoğan Gamze , Erdağı Oral Semra 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlarm fatigue resulting from exposure to multiple alarms is an important problem that threatens patient safety. The fact that each device in intensive care units works with different alarm systems increases the number and variety of alarms.AimThe aim of this study was to determine the effects of alarm fatigue on the tendency of nurses working in intensive care units to make medical errors.Study DesignA cross‐sectional and correlational design were used in this study. The study was carried out with 382 intensive care nurses who could be reached via an electronic questionnaire. Data were collected using a ‘Personal Information Form’, the ‘Alarm Fatigue Scale (AFS)’ and the ‘Medical Error Tendency Scale in Nursing (METSN)’.ResultsThe mean age of the nurses who were included in the study was 31.52 ± 5.66. While 70.2% of the participants were women, 67% had bachelor's degrees, and 65.4% had been working in the intensive care unit for 1–5 years. The mean total METSN score of the participants was 229.29 ± 15.32, and their mean total AFS score was 20.02 ± 6.15. A negative and weak significant correlation was found between the total mean AFS and METSN scores of the participants (r = −0.275; p < .001). As the alarm fatigue levels of the participants increased, their medical error tendencies increased. It was determined that a one‐unit increase in the alarm fatigue level of intensive care nurses increased their tendency to make medical errors by 0.263 units (p < .001).ConclusionsIt was found that the nurses had a low tendency to make medical errors and moderate levels of alarm fatigue, and an increase in their alarm fatigue levels significantly increased their medical error tendencies.Relevance to Clinical PracticeInstitutions should establish alarm management procedures in units with multiple alarm systems, such as intensive care units, and examine the effects of alarms on employees.
Knowledge of pulse oximetry among emergency and critical care nurses
Authors: Hasanien Amer A. , Albusoul Randa M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe pulse oximeter is a simple, cost‐effective and reliable device for estimating arterial blood oxygen saturation. Nurses are required to be knowledgeable in pulse oximeter use. Little is known about nurses' knowledge of pulse oximetry in the Middle East region.AimTo assess nurses' knowledge of pulse oximetry among emergency and critical care nurses and to explore predictors of nurses' knowledge of pulse oximetry.Study DesignThis is the second part of data analysis that was first presented in the ‘proficiency in ECG’ study conducted in Jordan. The original data used for both parts of analysis included a questionnaire with two tests; a knowledge of pulse oximeter test and an ECG proficiency test. Participants were asked to take, alone without receiving assistance, both tests. In this study, the second part of analysis, the focus is on the pulse oximeter test. The test consisted of 21 items that emphasize knowledge of basic physiological principles as well as device limitations; whether technical or interpretation. The test administration procedure also included asking participants to provide socio‐demographic variables. In the original data collected in both parts of analysis, nurses working in the emergency department, cardiac care units or intensive care units from nine different hospitals (1 governmental, 6 private and 2 educational) and holding a bachelor degree or higher were asked to participate.ResultsThe total number of participating nurses was 210; out of 247 approached (response rate, 85%). The mean score in the nurses' knowledge of pulse oximetry test was 12.33 out of 21, corresponding to 58.7%. The clinical area currently working in predicted the knowledge of pulse oximetry test score after controlling for all other variables. Emergency department and intensive care unit nurses scored higher than cardiac care unit nurses by 1.86 and 1.63 points respectively (58.2% and 60% respectively).ConclusionNurses consistently report inadequate education and training concerning pulse oximeter use and interpretation. A revision to hospital in‐service education seminars and undergraduate nurses' curriculum to assure adequate preparation is needed.Relevance to Clinical PracticeKnowledge of pulse oximetry among emergency and critical care nurses is modest. This is a challenge worldwide. Predictors of nurses' knowledge of pulse oximetery are the clinical area currently working in (ICU and ED nurses are more knowledgeable than CCU nurses), proficiency in electrocardiography and taking an advanced cardiac life support course.
Poleward shifts in the maximum of spring phenological responsiveness of Ginkgo biloba to temperature in China
Authors: Wu Zhaofei , Fu Yongshuo H. , Crowther Thomas W. , Wang Shuxin , Gong Yufeng , Zhang Jing , Zhao Yun‐Peng , Janssens Ivan , Penuelas Josep , Zohner Constantin M. 
Published: August 2023

Summary

Global warming is advancing the timing of spring leaf‐out in temperate and boreal plants, affecting biological interactions and global biogeochemical cycles. However, spatial variation in spring phenological responsiveness to climate change within species remains poorly understood.

Here, we investigated variation in the responsiveness of spring phenology to temperature (RSP; days to leaf‐out at a given temperature) in 2754 Ginkgo biloba twigs of trees distributed across subtropical and temperate regions in China from 24°N to 44°N.

We found a nonlinear effect of mean annual temperature on spatial variation in RSP, with the highest response rate at c. 12°C and lower response rates at warmer or colder temperatures due to declines in winter chilling accumulation. We then predicted the spatial maxima in RSP under current and future climate scenarios, and found that trees are currently most responsive in central China, which corresponds to the species' main distribution area. Under a high‐emission scenario, we predict a 4‐degree latitude shift in the responsiveness maximum toward higher latitudes over the rest of the century.

The identification of the nonlinear responsiveness of spring phenology to climate gradients and the spatial shifts in phenological responsiveness expected under climate change represent new mechanistic insights that can inform models of spring phenology and ecosystem functioning.
The effectiveness of interventions for optometric referrals into the hospital eye service: A review
Authors: Carmichael Josie , Abdi Sarah , Balaskas Konstantinos , Costanza Enrico , Blandford Ann 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurposeOphthalmic services are currently under considerable stress; in the UK, ophthalmology departments have the highest number of outpatient appointments of any department within the National Health Service. Recognising the need for intervention, several approaches have been trialled to tackle the high numbers of false‐positive referrals initiated in primary care and seen face to face within the hospital eye service (HES). In this mixed‐methods narrative synthesis, we explored interventions based on their clinical impact, cost and acceptability to determine whether they are clinically effective, safe and sustainable. A systematic literature search of PubMed, MEDLINE and CINAHL, guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA), was used to identify appropriate studies published between December 2001 and December 2022.Recent FindingsA total of 55 studies were reviewed. Four main interventions were assessed, where two studies covered more than one type: training and guidelines (n = 8), referral filtering schemes (n = 32), asynchronous teleophthalmology (n = 13) and synchronous teleophthalmology (n = 5). All four approaches demonstrated effectiveness for reducing false‐positive referrals to the HES. There was sufficient evidence for stakeholder acceptance and cost‐effectiveness of referral filtering schemes; however, cost comparisons involved assumptions. Referral filtering and asynchronous teleophthalmology reported moderate levels of false‐negative cases (2%–20%), defined as discharged patients requiring HES monitoring.SummaryThe effectiveness of interventions varied depending on which outcome and stakeholder was considered. More studies are required to explore stakeholder opinions around all interventions. In order to maximise clinical safety, it may be appropriate to combine more than one approach, such as referral filtering schemes with virtual review of discharged patients to assess the rate of false‐negative cases. The implementation of a successful intervention is more complex than a ‘one‐size‐fits‐all’ approach and there is potential space for newer types of interventions, such as artificial intelligence clinical support systems within the referral pathway.
Towards inclusive public administration systems: Public budgeting from the perspective of critical race theory
Authors: Martínez Guzmán Juan Pablo , Jordan Meagan M. , Joyce Philip G. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWhile there is a developing consensus that governments need to address systemic racism, public administration scholarship has not played a large role in supporting policymakers who want to achieve that end. To institutionalize that effort, we analyze the budget process as a setting to identify inequities and incorporate social equity given its overarching reach across all programs and policies. This article uses the tenets of critical race theory to illustrate how to use the budget process to incorporate equity. The resulting racial equity budgeting (REB) framework has three tenets: acknowledging and correcting historic biases, increasing the voice of nondominant groups, and disrupting the status quo by ensuring equity in current policies. The REB framework suggests how public officials may apply these tenets to the stages of public budgeting, including the use of reparation statements, increasing the participation of underrepresented minorities, and reviewing the disaggregated impact of policies, among others.
Capital flows to developing countries: Implications for monetary policy across the globe
Authors: Harrison Andre , Reed Robert R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe public sectors in many developing countries receive capital inflows from advanced countries. Notably, we show that higher levels of foreign borrowing play an important role in promoting economic activity in developing countries by relieving crowding out problems from local sovereign debt. Moreover, in comparison to previous contributions, we also show how participation affects economic activity in advanced countries. Using a micro‐founded two‐country model of money and banking, we show that there are crowding‐out effects in high income economies when the advanced country funds official foreign debt. Moreover, we find that there are significant implications for the effects of monetary policy when banks in the developed world hold more official foreign debt. In addition, the typical destructive effects of money growth in developing countries are weaker in the presence of higher levels of international borrowing. By comparison, the effects of monetary stimulus in the advanced country become more pronounced as banks hold more foreign bonds. Our analysis concludes by looking at optimal debt policy. Interestingly, the results suggest that developing countries should limit their reliance on foreign capital inflows.
Weekday and weekend physical activity patterns and their correlates among young adults
Authors: Suorsa Kristin , Leskinen Tuija , Rovio Suvi , Niinikoski Harri , Pentti Jaana , Nevalainen Jaakko , Heinonen Olli J. , Lagström Hanna , Jula Antti , Viikari Jorma , Rönnemaa Tapani , Raitakari Olli , Stenholm Sari , Pahkala Katja 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundAccelerometers enable assessment of within and between day variation in physical activity. The main aim was to examine weekday and weekend physical activity patterns among young adults. Additionally, correlates of the physical activity patterns were examined.MethodsOverall 325 adults (mean age 26.0 years, standard deviation 0.03) from the Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project used a wrist‐worn ActiGraph accelerometer continuously for 1 week. Physical activity patterns over weekdays and weekends were identified by using the group‐based trajectory modeling. Adolescent leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and sociodemographic characteristics (sex, marital and family status, education, work status, occupation, and health consciousness) were examined as possible correlates of physical activity patterns using multinomial regression analysis.ResultsFive patterns were identified: consistently low activity (45%), active on weekday evenings and weekends (32%), consistently moderate activity (11%), active on weekdays (7%), and consistently high activity (5%). Low adolescent LTPA was associated with consistently low activity pattern in young adulthood. Women were more likely than men to belong in the more physically active groups (all other groups except active on weekdays, odds ratios between 2.26 and 6.17). Those in the active on weekdays group had lower education, were more often in the working life and in manual occupations than those in the consistently low activity group.ConclusionsMarked heterogeneity in physical activity patterns across the week was observed among young adults. Especially history of physical activity, sex, education, work status, and occupation were associated with different physical activity patterns.
Near‐peer teaching in simulation
Authors: Malmut Laura , Ng Alvin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundDevelopment, implementation and evaluation of a simulation curriculum is time and resource intensive. Limited faculty time and training are cited as primary barriers to adopting simulation into medical education. Near‐peer teaching is a potential solution to manage the increased teaching demands that occur with simulation use.ApproachIn 2022, we implemented a near‐peer simulation curriculum for teaching junior physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) residents high‐acuity low‐opportunity events commonly seen on the inpatient rehabilitation unit. The curriculum was taught by senior residents to supplement faculty lectures. Senior residents completed facilitator training on simulator logistics, debriefing and formative assessment.EvaluationResidents completed an end‐of‐course questionnaire evaluating teaching effectiveness and perceived knowledge acquisition. All items were scored on a 5‐point Likert‐type scale. Learners rated their near‐peers as having good clinical teaching effectiveness (mean [SD], 4.66[0.38]). Senior residents (n = 6) disclosed feeling knowledgeable about the topics they instructed (baseline 3.9[3.2–4.4]; after 4.6[4.1–4.9]; p = 0.19), and junior residents (n = 6) felt they gained knowledge and improved their ability to manage patients as a result of the near‐peer curriculum (baseline 2.4[2.3–2.5]; after 3.9[3.5–4.2]; p = 0.005).ImplicationsThis educational programme is an example of how near‐peer teaching can be used in simulation. Our simulation curriculum taught by near‐peers was valued by learners as well taught and educational. Research is needed that directly compares the effectiveness of near‐pear teaching to faculty instruction. We hope that by sharing our work, educators will feel inspired to use near‐peer teachers for simulation instruction when faculty availability for teaching is scarce.
Nowcasting services trade for the G7 economies
Authors: Jaax Alexander , Mourougane Annabelle , Gonzales Frederic 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe growing importance of services trade in the global economy contrasts with the scarcity of timely data on this part of international trade. This paper develops models to nowcast aggregate services imports and exports, as measured by monthly services trade data, for the G7 countries. The methodology relies on machine‐learning techniques and dynamic factor models and combines traditional high‐frequency data with the use of Google Trends search data. The estimated services trade nowcasting models display a higher out‐of‐sample predictive power than a simple benchmark model. However, there does not seem to be one approach that outperforms other model specifications. Rather, a weighted average of the best models, combining machine‐learning with dynamic factor models, seems to be a promising avenue. The best models improve one step ahead predictive performance relative to a simple benchmark by 30%–35% on average across the G7 countries and across trade flows. Models capture approximately 67% of the fall in services exports following the COVID‐19 shock and 60% of the fall in imports on average across G7 economies.
COVID‐19 and the distance effect
Authors: Lin Faqin , Liu Mengxun , Zhou Mohan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUsing nearly 200 countries' bilateral trade data and the gravity equation, this paper provides evidence that COVID‐19 has led countries to trade more with their closer countries. The negative distance effect is greater during the pandemic period, with a greater number of infected cases, deaths or stricter control policies. A simple model of a transportation sector that was affected by the pandemic was built to explain our empirical findings.