bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospective Study on the Correlation of Positive Acupuncture Scans and Lameness in 102 Performance Horses
Authors: Le Jeune Sarah , Jones James 
Published: June 2023

scanning), in order to predict and localize lameness and other problems in horses. Although case reports have been published, there are no previous clinical studies on the correlation of positive AP scans (sensitivity of 1 or more acupoints) and lameness. The authors hypothesized that a positive AP scan would correlate with a positive conventional lameness examination. One hundred and two client-owned horses were presented for routine acupuncture, reduced performance or lameness. Each horse first underwent a <2-minute screening scan of acupuncture points and was classified as positive or negative for acupoint sensitivity. Then each horse was evaluated for lameness and categorized as lame or sound. In the sound group, 40/51 (78.4%) horses had a negative AP scan and 11/51 (21.6%) had a positive AP scan. In the lame group, 9/51 (17.6%) horses had a negative AP scan and 42/51 (82.4%) had a positive AP scan (p<0.001). Acupuncture scanning had a sensitivity of 82.4% to detect lameness and a specificity of 78.4%, with an accuracy of 80.4%. Significant but modest correlations existed between the side of the horse that was positive on the AP scan and the side of lameness. The conclusion of the study was that an AP scan could be a useful, quick screening tool during the physical examination to identify horses that should undergo a full lameness examination and other diagnostic testing.
THE EFFECT OF WORK DISCIPLINE ON MEDICAL MEDICAL EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE WITH WORK COMMUNICATION AS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE (Case Study of Serdang Bedagai Hospital Centre Sultan Sulaiman Hospital)
Authors: Stephen Martin  , Bob Feinberg  
Published: June 2023

The results of this study show. (1) It can be seen that the value of the adjusted R square is 0.046 or 04.6%. This shows that work discipline (X) can explain work communication (Z) by 04.6%, the remaining 95.4% (100% - 04.6%) is explained by other variables outside this research model. (2) The results of the (Partial) t test can be seen that a tcount value of 1.544 is obtained with α = 5%, ttable (5%; nk = 28) obtained a ttable value of 2.048. From this description it can be seen that tcount (1.544) < ttable ( 2.048), as well as the significance value of 0.134 > 0.05, it can be concluded that the first hypothesis is rejected, meaning that the work discipline variable (X) has no positive and significant effect on work communication (Z). (3) The results of the t test (Partial) can be seen that the value of tcount is 0, 078 With α = 5%, ttable (5%; nk = 28) obtained a ttable value of 2.048 From this description it can be seen that tcount (0.078) < ttable (2.048), and its significance value is 0.938 > 0.05, it can be concluded that the hypothesis the third is rejected, meaning that work communication (Z) has no significant effect on MEDICAL EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE (Y). (4) Path analysis shows the direct effect of variable X on variable Y of 0.676. While the indirect effect through variable Z is 0.280 x 0.012 = 0.003, the results of the calculations show that the indirect effect through variable Z is smaller than the direct effect on variable Y. and a significance value of 0.938 > 0.05, it can be concluded that the third hypothesis is rejected, meaning that work communication (Z) has no significant effect on MEDICAL EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE (Y). (4) Path analysis shows the direct effect of variable X on variable Y of 0.676. While the indirect effect through variable Z is 0.280 x 0.012 = 0.003, the results of the calculations show that the indirect effect through variable Z is smaller than the direct effect on variable Y. and a significance value of 0.938 > 0.05, it can be concluded that the third hypothesis is rejected, meaning that work communication (Z) has no significant effect on MEDICAL EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE (Y). (4) Path analysis shows the direct effect of variable X on variable Y of 0.676. While the indirect effect through variable Z is 0.280 x 0.012 = 0.003, the results of the calculations show that the indirect effect through variable Z is smaller than the direct effect on variable Y.
GEOLOGICAL AND STRUCTURAL MODELS OF FORMATION AND ACCUMULATION OF GAS IN MAN-MADE RESERVOIRS OF COAL ROCK MASSIVES
Authors: Vergelska N.V. , Skopychenko I.M. , Kroshko Yu.V. 
Published: June 2023

The formation of technogenic reservoirs of coal-rock massifs is determined by the depth of development, lithological features of the host rocks and the gas content of the coal-rock massif. The formation and redistribution of gas-saturated zones and migration routes in coal-rock massifs continues even now, which is associated with modern fluid migration. Gas, filling the mine workings of closed mines, creates a threat to communications, structures as a result of explosions and has a negative impact on human health.
It has been established that the regular distribution of gaseous hydrocarbons is determined by discontinuities and confirms not only the diffusion gas saturation of the massif, but also the tempo, that is, the gas saturation of the massif through discontinuities during tectonic (tectonic-magmatic) activations. At the same time, it should be noted that geological discontinuities were not the “transport arteries” of gaseous hydrocarbons not throughout the entire space. For most of its strike, coal and rocks in the zones of discontinuities are folded, and there is almost no gas transmission. The worked-out space of active mines is a new technogenic reservoir suitable for the accumulation of gaseous hydrocarbons, the thickness of which exceeds the thickness of the coal seam. The active processes of gas migration in the exhaust space are indicated by the study of the residual gas component, in the mixture of which helium, hydrogen and quantitative changes in hydrocarbon gases (C2 - C6) were found.
Influencing factors of cardiac valve calcification (CVC) in patients with chronic kidney disease and the impact of CVC on long-term prognosis: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Wang Ju , Xiao Jianping , Wang Ruifeng , Wang Deguang 
Published: June 2023

Objective
To investigate the effect of cardiac valve calcification (CVC) on the prognosis of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods
A total of 343 CKD patients were retrospectively analyzed, and divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of cardiac valve calcification. All patients were followed until death, loss to follow-up, or the end point of the study (December 2021).

Results
The incidence of CVC among the 343 CKD patients was 29.7%, including 21 cases of mitral valve calcification, 63 cases of aortic valve calcification, and 18 cases of mitral valve combined with aortic valve calcification. The incidence of CVC in CKD stages 1–2 was 0.3%, 5.2% in CKD stages 3–4, and 24.2% in CKD stage 5 (P < 0.05). Advanced age, higher serum albumin, higher cystatin C and lower uric acid levels were all associated with a higher risk of CVC. After six years of follow-up, 77 patients (22.4%) died. The causes of death were cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in 36 cases (46.7%), infection in 29 cases (37.7%), gastrointestinal bleeding in nine cases (11.7%), and “other” in the remaining three cases (3.9%). A Kaplan Meier survival analysis showed that the overall survival rate of patients with CVC was lower than that of patients without CVC.

Conclusion
The incidence of CVC, mainly aortic calcification, is high in patients with CKD. Advanced age, higher serum albumin and higher cystatin C levels were associated with a higher risk of CVC. Hyperuricemia was associated with a lower risk of CVC. The overall survival rate of patients with CVC was lower than that of patients without CVC.
Examining the Learner-Teacher Digital Divide: Implications for Learning in Basic Education Classes - Insights from Teachers in Botswana
Authors: Mogapi M. , Kagiso B. , Gabajesane I. 
Published: June 2023

The world has witnessed a technological revolution that has impacted almost all spheres of life. Technology is transforming the way people interact and do their everyday activities. This technological revolution has also transformed the teaching and learning space; now, the effectiveness of traditional teaching method is being challenged. However, technological advances are not universally available leading to a phenomenon called digital divided. In the classroom, empirical evidence has revealed a discrepancy between teachers and learners concerning ownership and use of technological devices. In some cases, teachers have more computer skills than learners; in other cases, learners are embracing technology more than their teachers. This disparity may serve to inhibit rather than facilitate learning. The constructivist paradigm was applied to enhance the dependability of the data and the credibility of the inferences drawn from the data. Purposive sampling technique facilitated select of information-rich participants or teachers who were able to give a detailed account of the digital gap phenomenon in schools. Structured interviews and focus group sessions were used to capture the livid experiences and perspectives of the teachers. Diffusion of innovation theory, technological acceptance model and technological pedagogical content knowledge framework were also used to explain the level of technology acceptance in schools. The findings of the study pointed towards the existence of the digital divide with learners embracing technology much faster than the teachers. Younger teachers were reported to be interested in the use of technology more than long-serving teachers. The paper presents solutions aimed at reducing the digital gap.
ESTEREÓTIPO DE GÊNERO E O ENTENDIMENTO DA CORTE INTERAMERICANA DE DIREITOS HUMANOS NO CASO “BARBOSA DE SOUZA E OUTROS VS. BRASIL”
Authors: Cunha Daltro Ana Clara 
Published: June 2023

O presente artigo objetiva realizar uma breve análise acerca do estereótipo de gênero, com base no entendimento da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos (CIDH) na decisão proferida, em 7 de setembro de 2021, no caso “Barbosa de Souza e outros vs. Brasil”. Através de uma revisão bibliográfica, estabelecerá os conceitos iniciais acerca do estereótipo e do gênero, para assim, posteriormente, estabelecer como ocorre a relação e a influência do estereótipo de gênero nos Tribunais Judiciais, em especial, no Tribunal Penal Brasileiro. Por fim, por meio da análise da supramencionada sentença, caberá entender como a CIDH se posiciona sobre o tema. Desta forma, este artigo pretende discutir acerca da imparcialidade judicial, expondo que os agentes da lei, tanto no processo investigativo quanto no processual penal, são influenciados por valores patriarcais, gerando, assim, a perpetuação da violência contra a mulher.
Evaluation of Birth Weight and Neurodevelopmental Conditions Among Monozygotic and Dizygotic Twins
Authors: Isaksson Johan , Ruchkin Vladislav , Ljungström Therese , Bölte Sven 
Published: June 2023

ImportanceLow birth weight is associated with an increased likelihood of neurodivergence and neurodevelopmental conditions (NDCs) such as autism, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and intellectual disability. However, it is unclear whether birth weight contributes independently to NDCs or whether the association is predominantly driven by genetic predisposition.ObjectiveTo estimate the associations between birth weight and dimensional (trait) and categorical (diagnoses) NDC outcomes, while adjusting for genetic risks.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA co-twin design was applied to this case-control study conducted in Sweden. Diagnostic assessments were conducted between August 2011 and March 2022, within the Roots of Autism and ADHD Twin Study in Sweden (RATSS) during a 2.5-day participant visit to the clinic. The RATSS sample comprised phenotyped monozygotic and dizygotic twins enriched for NDCs. Data analysis was conducted in November 2022.ExposureBirth weight.Main Outcomes and MeasuresCategorical and dimensional operationalizations of autism, ADHD, and intellectual disability were assessed. Generalized estimating equation models were fitted across and within twin pairs.ResultsThe study sample included 393 twins: 230 were monozygotic and 159 were dizygotic (zygosity was unknown for 4). Their median age was 15 (range, 8-37) years. There were 185 female participants (47.1%) and 208 male participants (52.9%). Across twin pairs, higher birth weight was associated with fewer autistic traits (unstandardized β [B], −5.51 [95% CI, −10.09 to −0.94]) and lower odds of autism diagnosis (OR, 0.63 [95% CI, 0.45 to 0.88]) and intellectual disability (OR, 0.42 [95% CI, 0.19 to 0.92]). Within pairs, the association between birth weight and dimensional autism (B, −17.35 [95% CI, −28.66 to −6.04]) and categorical autism (OR, 0.02 [95% CI, 0.001 to 0.42]) remained among monozygotic pairs but not dizygotic pairs. In addition, higher birth weight was associated with lower odds of ADHD diagnosis (OR, 0.003 [95% CI, 0 to 0.70]), fewer ADHD traits (B, −0.25 [95% CI, −0.39 to −0.11]), and higher IQ ratings (B, 7.43 [95% CI, 1.05 to 13.82]) among monozygotic twins.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this co-twin study suggest an association between low birth weight and NDCs, but they also acknowledge the importance of genetics because the associations observed were only statically significant among monozygotic twins. It is of pivotal importance to facilitate early identification of factors contributing to fetal growth restriction to minimize detrimental outcomes.
Ruthenium, Rhodium, Palladium, and Osmium
Authors: Graham Jessica C. , Haley Matthew 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRuthenium, rhodium, palladium, and osmium are four of the six platinum group metals (the other two are iridium and platinum). These naturally occurring metals are often found in the environment (e.g., airborne) due to their use in vehicle exhaust catalysts and consequent release in car exhaust from catalytic converters. The toxicity, absorption, distribution, and excretion of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, and osmium and/or their complexes are generally dependent on the route of exposure/administration. These compounds also tend to be skin and eye irritants. Sensitization is often a concern when handling and/or exposed to these metals in the occupational setting as sensitization reactions to each of these metals and/or their complexes (aside from osmium) have been reported. Additionally, cross‐reactions (positive prick tests) in humans have been observed to platinum, palladium, iridium, and rhodium as well as to palladium and nickel. Environmental monitoring studies for several of these metals have found that the (airborne) levels are expected to be below the values thought to cause adverse health effects in humans.
Synthetic Polymers—Olefin, Diene Elastomers, and Vinyl Halides
Authors: Kim Sang‐Tae 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This chapter begins with a general overview of olefin, diene elastomers, and vinyl halides, followed by examples of specific polymers of each group. Olefins are widely used as intermediates for polymers and specialty chemicals. Diene elastomers, such as natural rubber (NR), polyisoprene (PI), and polybutadiene (PB), are widely used in tires, seals, dampers, gloves and shoes that require high toughness and fracture energy. The vinyl halides are easily polymerized and copolymerized with various materials such as acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, and styrene, to form pliable, lightweight plastics or thermoplastic resins. The toxicological profile and environmental impact of the representative synthetic polymers of olefin, diene elastomers and vinyl halides are described in this chapter.
A Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Multicenter Efficacy and Safety Study of Methotrexate to Increase Response Rates in Patients With Uncontrolled Gout Receiving Pegloticase: 12‐Month Findings
Authors: Botson John K. , Saag Kenneth , Peterson Jeff , Obermeyer Katie , Xin Yan , LaMoreaux Brian , Padnick‐Silver Lissa , Verma Supra , Grewal Suneet , Majjhoo Amar , Tesser John R. P. , Weinblatt Michael E. 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveTo assess 12‐month safety and efficacy of pegloticase + methotrexate (MTX) versus pegloticase + placebo (PBO) cotherapy in a PBO‐controlled, double‐blind trial (A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, multicenter, efficacy and safety study of methotrexate to increase response rates in patients with uncontrolled gout receiving pegloticase [MIRROR RCT]).MethodsPatients with uncontrolled gout (serum urate level [SU] ≥7 mg/dl, oral urate‐lowering therapy failure or intolerance, and presence of one or more gout symptoms [one or more tophi, two or more flares in 12 months, gouty arthropathy]) were randomized 2:1 to receive pegloticase (8‐mg infusion every 2 weeks) with blinded MTX (oral 15 mg/week) or PBO for 52 weeks. Efficacy end points included proportion of responders (SU level <6 mg/dl for ≥80% of examined month) in the intent‐to‐treat population (ITT) (all randomized patients) during month 6 (primary end point), month 9, and month 12; proportion with resolution of one or more tophi (ITT); mean SU reduction (ITT); and time to SU‐monitoring pegloticase discontinuation. Safety was evaluated via adverse event reporting and laboratory values.ResultsMonth 12 response rate was significantly higher in patients cotreated with MTX (60.0% [60 of 100] vs. 30.8% [16 of 52]; difference: 29.1% [95% confidence interval (CI): 13.2%‐44.9%], P = 0.0003), with fewer SU discontinuations (22.9% [22 of 96] vs. 63.3% [31 of 49]). Complete resolution of one or more tophi occurred in 53.8% (28 of 52) versus 31.0% (9 of 29) of MTX versus PBO patients at week 52 (difference: 22.8% [95% CI: 1.2%‐44.4%], P = 0.048), more than at week 24 (34.6% [18 of 52] vs. 13.8% [4 of 29]). Consistent with observations through month 6, pharmacokinetic and immunogenicity findings showed increased exposure and lower immunogenicity of pegloticase when administered with MTX, with an otherwise similar safety profile. No infusion reactions occurred after 24 weeks.ConclusionTwelve‐month MIRROR RCT data further support MTX cotherapy with pegloticase. Tophi resolution continued to increase through week 52, suggesting continued therapeutic benefit beyond month 6 for a favorable treatment effect.
At the Edges of Transparent Language
Authors: Lippit Akira Mizuta 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn a cosmos‐wide philosophical text, professor of literature and cinema Akira Mizuta Lippit introduces the contradictory ontology of the penumbra – it is all and nothing, void and mass, light and dark, there and not there. Here he uses these dualities to examine the transparency of language, the naming of things, babbling, Babel and the nature of the Word.
Rhythmic Alternation: Metaphors of Light, Dark and Shadow
Authors: Corvalán Javier 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe ocular‐centric methods of defining, describing and designing architecture, while still prevalent, are predicated on modernist protocols of pure white and strong light. However, recent work and research releases architecture from the dominance of seeing. The penumbra forces us to comprehend buildings often without the full advantage of sight, and to instead rely on haptic sensations, smell and sound. Architect and researcher Javier Corvalán describes this other world of the visceral experience of architecture.
Ultralow‐Dielectric‐Constant Atomic Layers of Amorphous Carbon Nitride Topologically Derived from MXene
Authors: Wang Haiyang , Du Zhiguo , Cheng Zongju , Cao Zhenjiang , Ye Yuxuan , Wang Ziming , Wei Juntian , Wei Shiqiang , Meng Xiangyu , Song Li , Gong Yongji , Yang Shubin , Guo Lin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLow‐dielectric‐constant materials such as silicon dioxide serving as interconnect insulators in current integrated circuit face a great challenge due to their relatively high dielectric constant of ≈4, twice that of the recommended value by the International Roadmap for Devices and Systems, causing severe parasitic capacitance and associated response delay. Here, novel atomic layers of amorphous carbon nitride (a‐CN) are prepared via a topological conversion of MXene‐Ti3CNTx under bromine vapor. Remarkably, the assembled a‐CN film exhibits an ultralow dielectric constant of 1.69 at 100 kHz, much lower than the previously reported dielectric materials such as amorphous carbon (2.2) and fluorinated‐doped SiO2 (3.6), ascribed to the low density of 0.55 g cm−3 and high sp3 C level of 35.7%. Moreover, the a‐CN film has a breakdown strength of 5.6 MV cm−1, showing great potential in integrated circuit application.
Supramolecular Liquid Crystal Carbon Dots for Solvent‐Free Direct Ink Writing
Authors: Wang Yixuan , Liu Yun , Hao Xingtian , Zhou Xingping , Peng Haiyan , Shen Zhihao , Smalyukh Ivan I. , Xie Xiaolin , Yang Bai 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRecent years have witnessed the major advances of nanolights with extensive exploration of nano‐luminescent materials like carbon dots (CDs). However, solvent‐free processing of these materials remains a formidable challenge, impeding endeavors to develop advanced manufacturing techniques. Herein, in response to this challenge, liquid crystallization is demonstrated as a versatile and robust approach by deliberately anchoring flexible alkyl chains on the CDs surface. Alkyl chain grafting on the CDs surface is observed to substantially depress the common aggregation‐caused quenching effect, and results in a shift of self‐assembly structure from the crystalline phase to smectic liquid crystalline phase. The liquid‐crystalline phase‐transition temperature is ready to adjust by varying the alkyl chain length, endowing low‐temperature (<50 °C) melt‐processing capabilities. Consequently, the first case of direct ink writing (DIW) with liquid crystal (LC) carbon dots is demonstrated, giving rise to highly emissive objects with blue, green and red fluorescence, respectively. Another unexpected finding is that DIW with the LC inks dramatically outperforms DIW with isotropic inks, further highlighting the significance of the LC processing. The approach reported herein not only exhibits a fundamental advance by imparting LC functions to CDs, but also promises technological utility in DIW‐based advanced manufacturing.
Crop insurance's impact on commercial bank loan volumes: Theory and evidence
Authors: Ifft Jennifer , Kuethe Todd H. , Lyons Gregory , Schultz Alexander , Zhu John Y. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCrop insurance protects lenders by increasing the likelihood of loan repayment when revenue declines. We develop a theoretical mode that explains the role of crop insurance in agricultural lending and how impacts may be different for lenders that are not specialized in agricultural lending. We then test whether the total volume of production credit extended by commercial banks at the county level increases in response to crop insurance availability and whether the level of the response is related to bank specialization in agriculture. We use a novel difference‐in‐differences strategy based on some counties having a higher share of agricultural production that was not covered by Federal crop insurance in the 1990s. Crop insurance has a robust relationship with increased loan volumes during this period, especially in counties with fewer banks specialized in agriculture.