bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Desigualdad y movilidad de renta: la ‘curva del Gran Gatsby’ en 46 provincias españolas
Authors: Carabaña Julio 
Published: August 2023

Con datos del Atlas de Oportunidades, el artículo examina las diferencias de movilidad de ingresos entre 46 provincias españolas, la relación entre desigualdad y movilidad relativa (la llamada “curva del Gran Gatsby”) y absoluta y la asociación de la movilidad con otras variables, como el nivel medio de renta, el paro o el nivel educativo, todo siguiendo un trabajo de Chetty et al. (2014). Encuentra una correlación de en torno a 0,5 entre movilidad absoluta y movilidad relativa; no encuentra relación de la movilidad relativa con la desigualdad, pero sí de la movilidad absoluta, que además se asocia negativamente con la tasa de paro. Como secuencia causal más verosímil se propone que la prosperidad de las provincias determina su movilidad absoluta, y esta la relativa. Esta propuesta lleva a la cuestión, que queda abierta, de qué unidades territoriales influyen en la movilidad y por qué.
Feasibility Study and Design of the ICU Infection Registry System for Patients Admitted to the Alzahra University Hospital in Isfahan: A Methodology Study
Authors: Rostami Soodabeh , Sindarreh Setayesh , Sigari Amirhossein Akhavan , Bani Marzieh Salimi , Taheri Behjat , Abbasi Saeed 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Data gathering and bioinformatics play a significant role in the management and treatment of patients, especially of critically ill patients. This study assesses the feasibility and design of a registration system for nosocomial infections and sepsis in the intensive care unit of Alzahra university hospital in Isfahan.

Methods:
The members of the registration system consisting of physicians and nurses of the ICU, infectious disease and pulmonary specialists, microbiologists, infection control supervisors, and librarians. The data collection tool was a researcher-made checklist. To design the framework of the tool, researchers investigated various tools and indices in references and databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and national databases regarding ICU infection and disease registration systems. Essential items in this field were selected and a preliminary draft was prepared to record the data of patients with ICU-related infections. After applying experts' opinions, the checklist was reviewed, and the final approval of the checklist was obtained.

Results:
The final version of the checklist is prepared in three parts consisting of demographic data, principle variables (data required for registration of a patient), and the extended variables including details of the principle variables, and the data used to diagnose and treat.

Conclusion:
The ICU infection registration system can predict the prevalence of infection, monitor services and treatment of patients, analyze survival, assess clinical care outcomes, and investigate drug-related interventions. Reducing hospitalization costs by stratifying patients, providing a database for research studies, assessing the cost-effectiveness of interventions, are other advantages that resulted from the design of this system.
Efficacy of Balloon Angioplasty in Patients with Central Venous Stenosis or Obstruction Resulting from Central Vein Catheter Placement
Authors: Saroukhani Abbas , Sedighi Akbar 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Prolonged catheter insertion in central veins of hemodialysis patients usually causes central venous stenosis (CVS). These patients present with upper limbs, head and neck, and chest edema or hemodialysis problems. This study was done to determine the clinical success of balloon angioplasty for the treatment of symptomatic CVS/obstruction.

Materials and Methods:
Sixty-one hemodialysis patients who underwent endovascular treatment for CVS enrolled in this cross-sectional study between January 2017 and July 2018 at our institute. Enrollment included 29 female and 32 male subjects with a mean age of 58.9 ± 9.9 (range: 33–78) years.

Results:
A total of 61 patients underwent interventions for endovascular treatment of central venous disease. 38 out of 61 patients completed all three phases of the study (the beginning, after 3 and 6 months). The average diameter of central vein in venography at the beginning of the study, 3 and 6 months later were 8.66 mm, 8.03 mm, and 7.66 mm, respectively. The average patency was 45%, and 54% and 51% at the beginning of the study, 3 and 6 months after the treatment, respectively. There was an increase in central vein patency after 3 months of treatment, with significant difference among 3 phases (P < 0.000).

Conclusion:
Endovascular treatment is effective and safe for patients with central vascular stenosis with less complication rate compared to open surgical treatments, and the rate of venous patency in the treated veins with balloon angioplasty after 3 months is excellent, but this rate after 6 months is significantly reduced.
Evaluation of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) for Patients with and without Thyroid Nodules: A Patient-Based Study
Authors: Moradi Leila , Ahmadi Maryam Amir , Moaatamedfar Azim , Rashidi Homeira , Zaman Ferdos , Taheri Hamed 
Published: August 2023

Background:
The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) between patients with and without thyroid nodules.

Materials and Methods:
This case–control study was performed on 86 patients with normal Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level (0.5–4.5 mIU/L) with thyroid nodules, who referred to Imam Khomeini and Golestan Hospitals (Ahvaz, Iran). Furthermore, 43 nonnodule patients with normal TSH level and normal thyroid ultrasonography were recruited from the general population as control group. The insulin resistance was evaluated for them made and the HOMA-IR ≥2.5 was defined as insulin resistance.

Results:
The mean of HOMA-IR value was significantly higher in thyroid nodule patients compared to controls (3.02 ± 1.92 vs. 1.10 ± 1.55; P < 0.001). Insulin resistance was seen in 49 thyroid nodule patients (57.0%), and 4 patients (9.3%) in the control group (P < 0.0001). Waist circumference, body mass index, fasting blood sugar, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and insulin levels were significantly higher in the thyroid nodule group.

Conclusions:
Our study shows there is an association between insulin resistance and thyroid nodules. The patients with thyroid nodules have higher HOMA-IR value.
Bloodless Management of Ankyloglossia
Authors: Aamir Mohammad , Shah Anshdha , Ambreen Zeba 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Ankyloglossia is a congenital anomaly that occurs due to the presence of a short, thick lingual frenum that limits the tongue movement causing difficulty in speech and may pose a problem in maintenance of the periodontal health in the mandibular anterior region on the lingual aspect, thus affecting the health of the periodontium. The present case report described the case of an 18-year-old female who faced difficulty in pronouncing certain letters and presented with a diastema between the mandibular central incisors. She was diagnosed with Kotlow’s Class II ankyloglossia, and frenectomy of the lingual frenum was advised. The choice of method for the frenectomy was laser, so that only minimal bleeding occurred in an area that otherwise presents with profuse bleeding and reduces the patient morbidity. Posttreatment, good healing was seen, and the desired movement of the tongue was achieved.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE TO INTERDISCIPLINARY DENTISTRY
• Early diagnosis of ankyloglossia can help the pediatric dentist provide treatment accordingly to the child
• Correction of aberrant frenal attachment allows the periodontist to maintain a good periodontal health
• Relevant to the dental practitioner as the use of laser is advantageous in lingual frenectomy.
Diagnosis and Management of Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma
Authors: Balachandran Ashwath , Vadhana Adline , Arulmari Srivainavi , Muthukali Shanmugam 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Localized gingival overgrowth occurs as a result of local irritation or as a response to an underlying systemic condition. When present, it results in a diagnostic dilemma – it could be due to pyogenic granuloma, peripheral ossifying fibroma (POF), peripheral giant cell fibroma, or peripheral odontogenic fibroma. Proper history and clinical and histopathological examination aid in diagnosis and treatment. POF is a focal, slow-growing, reactive lesion that is often present as a painless mass in the gingiva. POF can be sessile or pedunculated and predominately seen in the second decade of life with a female predilection. This article presents the diagnosis and management of POF in the maxillary premolar region of a 28-year-old female patient.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE TO INTERDISCIPLINARY DENTISTRY
• Peripheral ossifying fibroma is a soft tissue overgrowth that is clinically indistinguishable from many reactive soft tissue lesions and can only be diagnosed by histopathological evaluation
• In this case, the periodontist performed the surgical excision of the soft tissue lesion, and the oral Pathologist examined the lesion histologically and provided the final diagnosis.
Knowledge, Awareness, and Attitude Regarding Teledentistry among Undergraduate Dental Students: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Madhavan Karthik , Ganesh R. , Jeyamarthan S , Selvamani B 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:
The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge, awareness, and attitude regarding teledentistry among dental undergraduate students.

Background:
Teledentistry is a quickly forming subset of dentistry that is being used extensively in urban and rural areas addressing problems related to cost factors, effectiveness, efficiency, and quality in delivering high-quality oral health-care services.

Materials and Methods:
The current study is a descriptive cross-sectional survey of 203 undergraduate students, including students from 3rd year, 4th year, and interns. A pretested, self-structured, and closed-ended questionnaire was administered that consisted of 22 questions was included. The data are collected systematically and analyzed in frequency (yes/no).

Results:
From 209 undergraduate students, 203 participants responded, and it was observed that 71.3% of students knew teledentistry. Overall, it was found that compared to other years of undergraduate students, interns have a vague knowledge of teledentistry. The overall percentage for knowledge, awareness, and attitudes regarding teledentistry was 68.9%.

Conclusion:
The knowledge, awareness, and attitude were satisfactory among undergraduate dental students. However, there is a need to improve the knowledge and its usage to promote teledentistry.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE TO INTERDISCIPLINARY DENTISTRY
Teledentistry improves interdisciplinary dentistry by enabling distant consultations, teamwork, and coordination amongst dental professionals. It enhances patient monitoring and follow-up, facilitates effective case management and treatment sequencing, facilitates multidisciplinary training and education, and encourages interdisciplinary research and data exchange. It also increases access to specialised care. By extending the availability of comprehensive dental treatments across multiple specialties, teledentistry improves patient-centred care, convenience, and satisfaction.
Esthetic effects and color stability of resin infiltration on demineralized enamel lesions: A systematic review
Authors: Abang Ibrahim Dayang Fadzlina , Venkiteswaran Annapurny , Hasmun Noren Nor 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Aims and Objectives:
The aim of this study was to systematically review the ability of resin infiltration to conceal demineralized enamel lesions to normal enamel translucency and to maintain color stability.

Materials and Methods:
A literature search of PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus databases and a manual search of articles from 2009 to 2021 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and clinical efficacy trials (nonrandomized) were performed. Methodological quality and risk of bias (RoB) of included papers was assessed using Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool 2.0 for RCTs and ROBINS-I (Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions) tool for nonrandomized studies.

Results:
A total of 352 titles and abstracts were reviewed. Eight RCTs and three clinical efficiency studies were included in this review. The masking effects of the demineralized enamel lesion were reported immediately after resin infiltration, and the color stability of this material was up to 24 months, with no adverse effects noted. For RCTs, four studies were classified as “some concerns” and four were as “low RoB.” For nonrandomized studies, all of the studies presented an overall moderate RoB.

Conclusion:
Resin infiltration achieves the best esthetic outcomes compared with microabrasion and remineralization therapy. Color stability was achieved with this material for up to 24 months and no adverse effects were noted. Factors contributing to the esthetic outcomes of the resin include the elimination of the hypermineralized surface layer, the homogeneity of the resin itself, and polishing after resin infiltration. Longitudinal follow-up and improved control of confounding variables should characterize future high-quality systematic reviews.
Are adults over 18 years of age with anaemia more likely to develop chronic periodontitis than adults without anaemia? - A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Roberts Madison , Jimson Sudha , Srinivasan Mythily 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Aims and Objectives:
Periodontitis is a chronic disease affecting the supporting tissues of the teeth and exhibits bidirectional relation with systemic diseases. This study aims to determine the association between chronic periodontitis and erythrocyte functional measures: total red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) by systematic review and meta-analysis.

Materials and Methods:
A systematic search of the electronic databases PUBMED, OVID, Embase, Web on Science, and Google Scholar was undertaken from inception to July 2022. English language studies that evaluated the erythrocyte functional measures in periodontitis and health were selected. Other review reports, letters/opinion articles, studies without a definition of periodontitis, and the concomitant presence of systemic conditions (diabetes, kidney disease, cancer) were excluded. Two reviewers determined full-text eligibility in a blinded process. Meta-Essentials software was used to generate forest plots and to determine heterogeneity and publication bias.

Results:
Twenty-six studies involving 1082 patients with chronic periodontitis and 980 healthy controls were analyzed. Pooled results showed lower Hb concentration (Hedges’ g = −1.16; 95% confidence intervals [CI], −1.7 to −0.62), RBC counts (Hedges’ g = −0.85; 95% CI, −1.31 to −0.38) and packed cell volume (−0.56; 95% CI, −1.02 to −0.11) in patients with chronic periodontitis.

Conclusion:
This meta-analysis showed a decreasing trend in the hematological parameters, including hemoglobin concentration, number of erythrocytes, and hematocrit in patients with chronic periodontitis compared to healthy controls.
Prevalence of blepharitis in adult patients in Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Vidal-Orozco Cindy Vanessa , Saldarriaga-Santos Carolina 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
Blepharitis is defined as a chronic inflammation of the eyelid margin and is a common cause of eye irritation. Its chronic nature, multiple etiologies and coexistence with ocular surface diseases makes its management a challenge. Although blepharitis is considered a common condition in our population, there is not enough information reported in the literature about its epidemiology or the frequency of the risk factors associated.

Aims and Objectives:
This cross-sectional descriptive study was performed in Bogotá, Colombia, and it was designed to identify blepharitis prevalence, and frequency of subtypes.

Results:
Blepharitis diagnosis was made in 68% (n = 215) of the patients, of whom 12.6% (n = 27) presented anterior blepharitis, 31.6% (n = 68) marginal blepharitis and 55.8% (n = 120) posterior blepharitis.

Conclusions:
We believe that blepharitis is an underdiagnosed condition in our country and may be different than that in other regions. We consider important to establish the real prevalence in our population to raise awareness, encourage early diagnosis, establish a foundation for new studies that allow us to identify and stablish risk factors and, of course, to evaluate therapeutic alternatives. The strategy to improve the rate of diagnosis of blepharitis would be through the education of the visual health professional in identifying the characteristic symptoms and signs of any type of blepharitis in order to be able to make an accurate classification and treatment.
A minimax inequality for inscribed cones revisited
Authors: Mustafaev Zokhrab 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn 1993, E. Lutwak established a minimax inequality for inscribed cones of origin symmetric convex bodies. In this work, we re-prove Lutwak’s result using a maxmin inequality for circumscribed cylinders. Furthermore, we explore connections between the maximum volume of inscribed double cones of a centered convex body and the minimum volume of circumscribed cylinders of its polar body.
Cytochrome P450 2B6 6 distribution among Burkinabè population
Authors: Karfo Raoul , Soudre Fabienne Marie , Kiba Alice , Kouraogo Arnaud , Kabre Elie , Sakande Jean 
Published: August 2023

Mutations affect the genes that encode certain cytochromes P450 (CYP450) isoenzymes that are responsible for metabolism of drugs. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of CYP2B6 (516G>T) SNP in the Burkinabè population. Genomic DNA extraction from blood was performed by GenJET® Genomic DNA according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Genotyping for the cytochrome P450 variant alleles was performed using predesigned primers. The amplification was carried out by PCR while the differentiation between the alleles was carried out after digestion with restriction enzymes by electrophoresis. The CYP2B6 c.516G>T was successfully analyzed in 92,38% (291/315) of the study participants. Among the investigated individuals, the distribution of the major allele CYP2B6*G was 56% and the minor CYP2B6*T allele was 44%. The results obtained showed a prevalence of 56% for the G allele and 44% for the T allele. This was distributed as 31% for the GG genotype (reduced dosage required), 51% for the GT genotype (normal dosage range), and 18% for the TT genotype (high drug toxicity). The presence of the rapid and poor metabolizer phenotypes in the studied sample shows the need for additional studies to better assess their impact on Burkinabe people.
Circulation du virus de l’hépatite B chez les donneurs de sang dans la Région de Mamou - République de Guinée
Authors: Barry Mody Sory , Diallo Mamadou Gando , Diallo Souleymane , Boiro Mamadou Yéro , Soumah Lansana II 
Published: August 2023

L´hépatite B est une infection virale aiguë du foie qui peut devenir chronique et être à l´origine d´une cirrhose et d´un cancer primitif du foie. L’objectif de la présente étude était de mettre en relation le risque de transmission du VHB lors de la transfusion sanguine. La technique immuno-enzymatique ELISA a été utilisée au cours de l’analyse. Au vu des résultats obtenus, malgré l’implication des autorités en charge de la santé, l’hépatite virale B reste un problème de santé publique majeur en République de Guinée. Les laboratoires des hôpitaux préfectoraux de la région administrative de Mamou ont servi de cadre d’étude. Sur un effectif de 250 donneurs de sang sur lesquels avait porté notre enquête, il a été notifié que 10 donneurs étaient porteurs de l’AgHBs du VHB avec un âge moins de 36,5±2,3 ans. Il s’agit d’une étude prospective expérimentale de type descriptive réalisée de Juin à Septembre 2022. Au vu des résultats obtenus, malgré l’implication des autorités en charge de la santé, l’hépatite virale B reste un problème de santé publique majeur en République de Guinée.
English title: Circulation of the hepatitis B virus among blood donors in the Kindia Region - Republic of Guinea
Hepatitis B is an acute viral infection of the liver which can become chronic and cause cirrhosis and primary liver cancer. The objective of the present study was to relate the risk of HBV transmission during blood transfusion. The immunoenzymatic ELISA technique was used during the analysis. In view of the results obtained, despite the involvement of the authorities in charge of health, viral hepatitis B remains a major public health problem in the Republic of Guinea. The laboratories of the prefectural hospitals of the administrative region of Mamou served as a framework for the study. Out of a total of 250 blood donors covered by our survey, it was notified that 10 donors were carriers of HBsAg of HBV with an age of less than 36.5±2.3 years. This is a descriptive experimental prospective study carried out from June to September 2022. In view of the results obtained, despite the involvement of the authorities in charge of health, viral hepatitis B remains a major public health problem in the Republic of Guinea
Prevalence and risk factors of trichomoniasis in patients attending two medical centres in urban and rural areas in the North West Region, Cameroon
Authors: Eyong Ebanga Echi Joan , Landred Kezongkenyingong , Njimated Nfor Omarine Nlinwe epse , Katamssadan Tofel Haman 
Published: August 2023

Trichomoniasis has been increasingly recognised over the past decade, underlining its importance as a public health problem. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of trichomoniasis in patients in urban and rural areas in the NW Region, Cameroon. Three hundred and forty-four samples, were gotten from the vagina and urethra using sterile swaps. Wet mount microscopy, sedimentation concentration technique and staining were used to observe collected samples. Risk factors were assessed via questionnaires. Data obtained was analyzed using SPSS version 21. Chi square test was used to test for differences in proportions in different categories, regression analysis was used to test the relationship between prevalence and risk factors in the study. The overall prevalence of trichomoniasis was 16.3% (56) and prevalence was higher in the urban area 20.9% (36) than in the rural area 11.6% (20). Females were more infected 19.8% (51) than males 5.8% (5), singles had a higher prevalence 18.6% (22) compared to those married 15.9% (34). The risk factors of interest included; having multiple sexual partners, no use of condoms during sex, and lack of hygiene. Trichomoniasis prevalence in the study was high (16.3%) indicating the need for more sensitization. Rural areas are not free from this infection and also merit extra preventive and treatment efforts.