bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of nurse-led intervention on knowledge and preventive behavior of diabetic pregnant women regarding COVID-19 associated mucromycosis infection in mid-delta region of Egypt
Authors: Shahin Marwa A. , Abu-Elenin Mira M. , Nada Hanan E. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Black fungus (mycoses) is an opportunistic invasive infection that predominantly occurred among immunosuppressed persons. It has been recently detected in COVID-19 patients. The pregnant diabetic woman is susceptible to such infections and needs recognition for protection. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the nurse-led intervention on the knowledge and preventive practice of diabetic pregnant women regarding fungal mycosis during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method
This quasi-experimental study was conducted at maternal health care centers in Shebin El-Kom, Menoufia Governorate, Egypt. The study recruited 73 diabetic pregnant women through a systematic random sampling of pregnant women attending the maternity clinic during the period of the study. A structured interview questionnaire was used to measure their knowledge regarding Mucormycosis and COVID-19 manifestations. The preventive practices were assessed through an observational checklist of hygienic practice, insulin administration, and blood glucose monitoring for the prevention of Mucormycosis infection.

Results
The study revealed a statistically significant increment in the participants’ knowledge, preventive practice, personal hygiene, and diabetes self-care scores (9.56 ± 1.75 ,3.6 ± 1.18, 3.18 ± 1.29 post-intervention) comparable to (6.19 ± 1.66, 1.97 ± 1.35, 0.89 ± 1.38  pre-intervention) respectively. There was a significant improvement in the overall COVID-19 protective score against Mucormycosis (from 2.66 ± 1.74 to 4.53 ± 1.43).

Conclusion
Nursing educational sessions had a positive effect on pregnant women’s awareness and preventive behavior. Hence, it is recommended to integrate nurse-led intervention targeting the preventive practice against COVID-19-associated Mucormycosis infection (CAM) as routine services for diabetic pregnant women during antenatal care.
Involvement of a flavoprotein, acetohydroxyacid synthase, in growth and riboflavin production in riboflavin-overproducing Ashbya gossypii mutant
Authors: Kato Tatsuya , Kano Mai , Yokomori Ami , Azegami Junya , El Enshasy Hesham A. , Park Enoch Y. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Previously, we isolated a riboflavin-overproducing Ashbya gossypii mutant (MT strain) and discovered some mutations in genes encoding flavoproteins. Here, we analyzed the riboflavin production in the MT strain, in view of flavoproteins, which are localized in the mitochondria.

Results
In the MT strain, mitochondrial membrane potential was decreased compared with that in the wild type (WT) strain, resulting in increased reactive oxygen species. Additionally, diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), a universal flavoprotein inhibitor, inhibited riboflavin production in the WT and MT strains at 50 µM, indicating that some flavoproteins may be involved in riboflavin production. The specific activities of NADH and succinate dehydrogenases were significantly reduced in the MT strain, but those of glutathione reductase and acetohydroxyacid synthase were increased by 4.9- and 25-fold, respectively. By contrast, the expression of AgGLR1 gene encoding glutathione reductase was increased by 32-fold in the MT strain. However, that of AgILV2 gene encoding the catalytic subunit of acetohydroxyacid synthase was increased by only 2.1-fold. These results suggest that in the MT strain, acetohydroxyacid synthase, which catalyzes the first reaction of branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis, is vital for riboflavin production. The addition of valine, which is a feedback inhibitor of acetohydroxyacid synthase, to a minimal medium inhibited the growth of the MT strain and its riboflavin production. In addition, the addition of branched-chain amino acids enhanced the growth and riboflavin production in the MT strain.

Conclusion
The significance of branched-chain amino acids for riboflavin production in A. gossypii is reported and this study opens a novel approach for the effective production of riboflavin in A. gossypii.
Association between fibrinogen and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women
Authors: Du Weibin , Wang Zhenwei , Dong Yi , Hu Jintao , Chen Xiaoping 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective
There is very limited of evidence linking fibrinogen and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. Therefore, this study intended to examine the relationship between fibrinogen and total BMD in postmenopausal women.

Methods
This cross-sectional analysis included 2043 postmenopausal women aged 50 years and older from the 1999 to 2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The independent variable was fibrinogen and the outcome variable was total BMD. The association between fibrinogen and total BMD in postmenopausal women was examined using multivariate linear regression models, with subgroup analyses stratified by race. Smoothing curve fitting and generalized additive models further analyzed the sample data.

Results
In multiple regression models adjusted for potential confounders, fibrinogen was negatively associated with total BMD (model 1: − 0.0002 [− 0.0002, − 0.0001], model 2: − 0.0000 [− 0.0001, − 0.0000], model 3: − 0.0001 [− 0.0001, − 0.0001]). In subgroup analysis stratified by race, fibrinogen levels were negatively associated with total BMD in postmenopausal women, Non-Hispanic Whites, and Mexican Americans. However, in Non-Hispanic Blacks, the correlation between fibrinogen levels and total BMD was not significant. For individuals that identify as Other Races, fibrinogen levels were positively correlated with total BMD.

Conclusion
Our findings show a negative association between fibrinogen levels and total BMD in most postmenopausal women aged 50 years and older, however, is variable by race. In postmenopausal women, Non-Hispanic Whites and Mexican Americans, relatively high fibrinogen levels may be adverse to bone health.
Sex- and age-related differences in renal and cardiac injury and senescence in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats
Authors: Ansari Aneesa , Walton Sarah L. , Denton Kate M. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Sex differences play a critical role in the incidence and severity of cardiovascular diseases, whereby men are at a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease compared to age-matched premenopausal women. Marked sex differences at the cellular and tissue level may contribute to susceptibility to cardiovascular disease and end-organ damage. In this study, we have performed an in-depth histological analysis of sex differences in hypertensive cardiac and renal injury in middle-aged stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSPs) to determine the interaction between age, sex and cell senescence.

Methods
Kidneys, hearts and urine samples were collected from 6.5- and 8-month-old (Mo) male and female SHRSPs. Urine samples were assayed for albumin and creatinine content. Kidneys and hearts were screened for a suite of cellular senescence markers (senescence-associated β-galactosidase, p16INK4a, p21, γH2AX). Renal and cardiac fibrosis was quantified using Masson’s trichrome staining, and glomerular hypertrophy and sclerosis were quantified using Periodic acid–Schiff staining.

Results
Marked renal and cardiac fibrosis, concomitant with albuminuria, were evident in all SHRSPs. These sequelae were differentially affected by age, sex and organ. That is, the level of fibrosis was greater in the kidney than the heart, males had greater levels of fibrosis than females in both the heart and kidney, and even a 6-week increase in age resulted in greater levels of kidney fibrosis in males. The differences in kidney fibrosis were reflected by elevated levels of cellular senescence in the kidney in males but not females. Senescent cell burden was significantly less in cardiac tissue compared to renal tissue and was not affected by age or sex.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrates a clear sex pattern in age-related progression of renal and cardiac fibrosis and cellular senescence in SHRSP rats. A 6-week time frame was associated with increased indices of cardiac and renal fibrosis and cellular senescence in male SHRSPs. Female SHRSP rats were protected from renal and cardiac damage compared to age-matched males. Thus, the SHRSP is an ideal model to investigate the effects of sex and aging on organ injury over a short timeframe.
What evidence exists on the performance of nature-based solutions interventions for coastal protection in biogenic, shallow ecosystems? A systematic map protocol
Authors: Paxton Avery B. , Riley Trevor N. , Steenrod Camille L. , Smith Carter S. , Zhang Y. Stacy , Gittman Rachel K. , Silliman Brian R. , Buckel Christine A. , Viehman T. Shay , Puckett Brandon J. , Davis Jenny 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundAnthropogenic pressures and climate change threaten the capacity of ecosystems to deliver a variety of services, including protecting coastal communities from hazards like flooding and erosion. Human interventions aim to buffer against or overcome these threats by providing physical protection for existing coastal infrastructure and communities, along with added ecological, social, or economic co-benefits. These interventions are a type of nature-based solution (NBS), broadly defined as actions working with nature to address societal challenges while also providing benefits for human well-being, biodiversity, and resilience. Despite the increasing popularity of NBS for coastal protection, sometimes in lieu of traditional hardened shorelines (e.g., oyster reefs instead of bulkheads), gaps remain in our understanding of whether common NBS interventions for coastal protection perform as intended. To help fill these knowledge gaps, we aim to identify, collate, and map the evidence base surrounding the performance of active NBS interventions related to coastal protection across a suite of ecological, physical, social, and economic outcomes in salt marsh, seagrass, kelp, mangrove, shellfish reef, and coral reef systems. The resulting evidence base will highlight the current knowledge on NBS performance and inform future uses of NBS meant for coastal protection.MethodsSearches for primary literature on performance of NBS for coastal protection in shallow, biogenic ecosystems will be conducted using a predefined list of indexing platforms, bibliographic databases, open discovery citation indexes, and organizational databases and websites, as well as an online search engine and novel literature discovery tool. All searches will be conducted in English and will be restricted to literature published from 1980 to present. Resulting literature will be screened against set inclusion criteria (i.e., population, intervention, outcome, study type) at the level of title and abstract followed by full text. Screening will be facilitated by a web-based active learning tool that incorporates user feedback via machine learning to prioritize articles for review. Metadata will be extracted from articles that meet inclusion criteria and summarized in a narrative report detailing the distribution and abundance of evidence surrounding NBS performance, including evidence clusters, evidence gaps, and the precision and sensitivity of the search strategy.
Secondary outcomes and qualitative findings of an open-label feasibility trial of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate for adults with bulimia nervosa
Authors: Dixon Laura , Bartel Sara , Brown Victoria , Ali Sarrah I. , Gamberg Susan , Murphy Andrea , Brewer Katherine L. , McElroy Susan L. , Kaplan Allan , Nunes Abraham , Keshen Aaron R. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
There is emerging evidence that stimulants warrant further investigation as a treatment for bulimia nervosa (BN) including a recent open-label feasibility trial examining the use of lisdexamfetamine dimestylate (LDX) for BN. The current report presents the secondary outcomes and qualitative interview results from that feasibility trial. These outcomes explore several purported mechanisms that may explain how stimulants affect symptoms of BN: appetite, impulsivity, obsessive and compulsive symptoms, eating disorder psychopathology/impairment and reward-based decision-making.

Methods
Twenty-three participants with BN received LDX for eight weeks. Questionnaires assessing appetite, impulsivity, obsessive and compulsive symptoms, eating disorder psychopathology and impairment were administered at baseline and post-treatment. Participants also completed a two-step reinforcement learning task to assess their decision-making. Semi-structured interviews took place at baseline, week 5, and follow-up.

Results
Reductions in hunger, food-related impulsivity, obsessive and compulsive features, eating disorder psychopathology and impairment were found. However, reward learning, as far as it is assessed by the task, did not seem to contribute to the effect of LDX on BN symptoms. Qualitative analysis suggested four themes: (1) reprieve from the eating disorder, (2) improvement in function and quality of life, (3) renewed hope for recovery, and (4) ability to normalize eating.

Conclusions
This report suggests several potential mechanisms by which LDX may reduce symptoms of binging and purging in those with BN. Importantly, due to the open-label design, we are unable to attribute findings to the medication. Instead, our results should be interpreted as hypothesis generating to inform future studies such as adequately powered randomized controlled trials.
Trial registration NCT03397446.
I and We in Picun: The Making of Chinese Poet Xiao Hai
Authors: van Crevel Maghiel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractXiao Hai left home at age fifteen as one of roughly three hundred million domestic migrant workers whose labor has contributed to China's rise since the 1980s. He was a factory worker in a string of cities for a good dozen years: think assembly line, overtime, exploitation, alienation. To counter the pressures of this life, he wrote poetry. In 2016 he settled in Picun, a village on the outskirts of Beijing made famous by an NGO called the Migrant Workers Home. The Home aims to advance migrant workers’ social identification through cultural education. To this end, the migrant worker community works with academic and cultural professionals, media professionals, and members of the state's cultural apparatus. This interaction takes shape in a “shared space” (in Dai Jinhua's words) of cultural production and experience that blurs distinctions of official and unofficial culture and their easy association with political power and resistance, respectively. As a member of the Picun Literature Group who expertly navigates this space, Xiao Hai has become a representative of the Picun “brand,” building a mediagenic public persona in the process. Who is Xiao Hai? What does his writing say? What other actors and factors shape his persona? What can we learn from all this about the nexus of precarious labor and cultural production? The stories of Picun, Xiao Hai, and migrant worker literature subvert simple oppositions of grassroots versus state discourse and unofficial versus official culture. Instead, they foreground the complexity of relations between the individual, community, and the state in China today.
The Worker-Poet as the Ethnographic Partner: Documenting the Emotional Pain of Rural Migrant Women
Authors: Sun Wanning 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMany migrant workers in China are widely reported to experience difficulty in finding a conjugal partner or maintaining conjugal intimacy. Despite this widely shared perception, firsthand data about the love lives of migrant workers are hard to access. Yet, to have such knowledge is important, since these domains, though intimate and private, are crucial sites of socioeconomic exchange. In light of such challenges, how can ethnographers “get at” the emotional experiences of rural migrants outside standard frameworks? This article engages with this question through the intimate lives of one hundred women factory workers in China's Pearl River delta. Their experiences are documented—in poetic form—in Stories of Migrant Women written by China's best known rural migrant poet Zhang Xiaoqiong. The article approaches Zheng the poet as a de facto social science researcher, whose accounts of migrant women present myriad counter points to the government, media and cultural elites, and scholars. It also reads her poems about as ethnographic material, which, the article demonstrates, enriches, expands, and in some cases challenges scholarly research. Situated in a China-specific social and political context, the article's discussion goes beyond the call for a “literary turn” in anthropology. Instead, it argues that for scholars who are serious about understanding the emotional cost of social inequality in China, seeking partnership with China's subaltern writers is not just desirable; it is essential.
Nanoporous Carbon Materials from Terminalia bellirica Seed for Iodine and Methylene Blue Adsorption and High-Performance Supercapacitor Applications
Authors: Gnawali Chhabi Lal , Manandhar Sarita , Shahi Sabina , Shrestha Rekha Goswami , Adhikari Mandira Pradhananga , Rajbhandari Rinita , Pokharel Bhadra P , Ma Renzhi , Ariga Katsuhiko , Shrestha Lok Kumar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Here we report the methylene blue adsorption and energy storage supercapacitance performances of the nanoporous activated carbons obtained by the zinc chloride (ZnCl2) activation of biowaste, Terminalia bellirica (Barro) seed stone. The activation was performed at lower temperatures (400–700 °C) under an inert nitrogen gas atmosphere. The total specific surface area and pore volume range from 1077 to 1303 m2 g−1 and 0.752 to 0.873 cm3 g−1, depending on the carbonization temperature. Due to the well-developed porosity, the sample with optimal surface area showed excellent iodine and methylene blue adsorption properties with a maximum iodine number and methylene blue value of 909.8 mg g−1 and 357.2 mg g−1, respectively. Batch adsorption studies revealed that the optimum methylene blue adsorption is favorable in an alkaline medium, with a contact time of 270 min and an adsorbent dose of 8 g L−1, respectively. The Langmuir isotherm model could best explain the equilibrium adsorption with a monolayer adsorption capacity of 312.5 mg g−1. The electrochemical measurements performed in a three-electrode system revealed a high specific capacitance of 319 F g−1 at 1 A g−1. Furthermore, the electrode retained 46% capacitance at 50 A g−1 with an excellent cycle life of 98.5% after 10,000 consecutive charging/discharging cycles. These results imply that a biowaste Terminalia bellirica seed has a considerable potential to produce high surface area porous carbons materials desired in adsorption technology and high-performance supercapacitor applications.
SPECIFIC USE OF A SPORTS METAPHOR AS MEANS OF SPEECH EXPRESSIVENESS
Authors: Ratueva Olga N. , Lazutkina Elena V. , Efremova Elena P. 
Published: May 2023

The article is devoted to the particularity of the use of a sports metaphor in different spheres of human activity. The role of a sports metaphor as an effective means of speech expressiveness is considered, examples of its implementation in English are given.
Purpose of the study. The present study is devoted to the particularity of the use of a sports metaphor in different spheres of human activity based on the material of the English language.
Materials and methods. In the study the methods of conceptual and contextual analysis, descriptive method, partial sampling techniques were used.
Results. The article presents the results of the analysis of the concept of “metaphor”, provides examples of the use of sports metaphors taken from different sports in the English-language media, business and politics.
Practical implications. The practical significance of the research lies in the fact that the obtained results can be used in classes of the discipline “Foreign Language” (English), when writing term papers and final qualifying papers.
GENRE SPECIFICS OF THE TEXT OF THE BROCHURE ON EATING DISORDERS
Authors: Shitikova Olga V. , Elagina Yulia S. 
Published: May 2023

This article is devoted to the brochure text analysis of genre specifics in the semantic field “Psychology”. Based on the English-language text of the brochure “Eating disorders: a guide for friends and family”, the authors consider the genre structure of the information brochure, characterize genres and their internal organization, and identify key characteristics.
Purpose. The purpose of this study is to determine the genre specifics of the brochure by identifying the key features of the questionnaire of the speech genre, which includes the characteristics of the addressee, the addresser and the communicative goal.
Materials and methods. The material for this work is the English-language text of the brochure “Eating disorders: a guide for friends and family”, written by one of the UK’s leading charitable organization supporting people suffering from eating disorders.
In the course of the work, the method of theoretical analysis of sources, the method of comparative analysis, as well as the method of component analysis were used.
Results. This study showed the brochure belongs to the informational type, contains information about the disease, as well as reference data and social advertising. It belongs to a complex speech genre, including a set of simple speech genres (message, appeal, recommendation). The brochure has a monologue character. The analysis of linguistic means showed the predominance of sentences in the imperative mood and impersonal verb forms, emotional and evaluative vocabulary. The communicative purpose of the studied information brochure is aimed at giving the addressee an idea of the types of eating disorders, as well as encouraging the addressee to seek help. The author in the information brochure is a collective subject, the addressee of the brochure text is a mass one.