bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Imidazo[1,2-c]quinazolines as a novel and potent scaffold of α-glucosidase inhibitors: design, synthesis, biological evaluations, and in silico studies
Authors: Peytam Fariba , Hosseini Faezeh sadat , Hekmati Malak , Bayati Bahareh , Moghadam Mahdis Sadeghi , Emamgholipour Zahra , Firoozpour Loghman , Mojtabavi Somayeh , Faramarzi Mohammad Ali , Sadat-Ebrahimi Seyed Esmaeil , Tehrani Maliheh Barazandeh , Foroumadi Alireza 
Published: September 2023

Abstractα-Glucosidase inhibition is an approved treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In an attempt to develop novel anti-α-glucosidase agents, two series of substituted imidazo[1,2-c]quinazolines, namely 6a–c and 11a–o, were synthesized using a simple, straightforward synthetic routes. These compounds were thoroughly characterized by IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, as well as mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. Subsequently, the inhibitory activities of these compounds were evaluated against Saccharomyces cerevisiae α-glucosidase. In present study, acarbose was utilized as a positive control. These imidazoquinazolines exhibited excellent to great inhibitory potencies with IC50 values ranging from 12.44 ± 0.38 μM to 308.33 ± 0.06 μM, which were several times more potent than standard drug with IC50 value of 750.0 ± 1.5 μM. Representatively, compound 11j showed remarkable anti-α-glucosidase potency with IC50 = 12.44 ± 0.38 μM, which was 60.3 times more potent than positive control acarbose. To explore the potential inhibition mechanism, further evaluations including kinetic analysis, circular dichroism, fluorescence spectroscopy, and thermodynamic profile were carried out for the most potent compound 11j. Moreover, molecular docking studies and in silico ADME prediction for all imidazoquinazolines 6a–c and 11a–o were performed to reveal their important binding interactions, as well as their physicochemical and drug-likeness properties, respectively.
Modern synergetic neural network for imbalanced small data classification
Authors: Wang Zihao , Li Haifeng , Ma Lin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDeep learning’s performance on the imbalanced small data is substantially degraded by overfitting. Recurrent neural networks retain better performance in such tasks by constructing dynamical systems for robustness. Synergetic neural network (SNN), a synergetic-based recurrent neural network, has superiorities in eliminating recall errors and pseudo memories, but is subject to frequent association errors. Since the cause remains unclear, most subsequent studies use genetic algorithms to adjust parameters for better accuracy, which occupies the parameter optimization space and hinders task-oriented tuning. To solve the problem and promote SNN’s application capability, we propose the modern synergetic neural network (MSNN) model. MSNN solves the association error by correcting the state initialization method in the working process, liberating the parameter optimization space. In addition, MSNN optimizes the attention parameter of the network with the error backpropagation algorithm and the gradient bypass technique to allow the network to be trained jointly with other network layers. The self-learning of the attention parameter empowers the adaptation to the imbalanced sample size, further improving the classification performance. In 75 classification tasks of small UC Irvine Machine Learning Datasets, the average rank of the MSNN achieves the best result compared to 187 neural and non-neural network machine learning methods.
Application of serum SERS technology combined with deep learning algorithm in the rapid diagnosis of immune diseases and chronic kidney disease
Authors: Yang Jie , Chen Xiaomei , Luo Cainan , Li Zhengfang , Chen Chen , Han Shibin , Lv Xiaoyi , Wu Lijun , Chen Cheng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSurface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), as a rapid, non-invasive and reliable spectroscopic detection technique, has promising applications in disease screening and diagnosis. In this paper, an annealed silver nanoparticles/porous silicon Bragg reflector (AgNPs/PSB) composite SERS substrate with high sensitivity and strong stability was prepared by immersion plating and heat treatment using porous silicon Bragg reflector (PSB) as the substrate. The substrate combines the five deep learning algorithms of the improved AlexNet, ResNet, SqueezeNet, temporal convolutional network (TCN) and multiscale fusion convolutional neural network (MCNN). We constructed rapid screening models for patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) and healthy controls (HC), diabetic nephropathy patients (DN) and healthy controls (HC), respectively. The results showed that the annealed AgNPs/PSB composite SERS substrates performed well in diagnosing. Among them, the MCNN model had the best classification effect in the two groups of experiments, with an accuracy rate of 94.7% and 92.0%, respectively. Previous studies have indicated that the AgNPs/PSB composite SERS substrate, combined with machine learning algorithms, has achieved promising classification results in disease diagnosis. This study shows that SERS technology based on annealed AgNPs/PSB composite substrate combined with deep learning algorithm has a greater developmental prospect and research value in the early identification and screening of immune diseases and chronic kidney disease, providing reference ideas for non-invasive and rapid clinical medical diagnosis of patients.
Use of shear wave velocity for assessing engineering properties of compacted bentonite after swelling
Authors: Kim Mintae , Lee Changho , Kim Jang-Un , Choo Hyunwook 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe characteristics of compacted bentonite after swelling determine the long-term stability of barrier systems. Due to the fact that the current stress level is the most important variable in determining the performance of engineered geosystems, this study aims to investigate the stress states and the consequent change in engineering properties of compacted bentonites after swelling. A series of vertical and horizontal swelling pressure tests were performed for compacted bentonites with varying initial dry unit weights at varying pore fluid concentrations. The compacted bentonite samples after swelling were loaded to investigate the changes in lateral stress and deformability. In addition, the shear wave velocity was continuously measured during and after swelling processes. The results of this study demonstrate that the swelling pressure increased with increasing dry unit weight of tested materials and decreasing pore fluid concentrations. The changes in lateral stress and void ratio of compacted bentonite after swelling were only measurable when the applied vertical stress was greater than the swelling pressure, reflecting that the swelling pressure cancels out the externally applied stress. Most notably, this study reveals that the initiation and termination of the swelling process and the change in engineering properties of compacted bentonite after swelling can be determined by measuring shear wave velocity.
An experimental comparison between primer and nucleotide labelling to produce RPA-amplicons used for multiplex detection of antibiotic resistance genes
Authors: Warmt Christian , Broweleit Lisa-Marie , Fenzel Carolin Kornelia , Henkel Jörg 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDirect labelling of amplification products using isothermal amplification is currently done most frequently by incorporating previously labelled primer. Although this method is well proven and widely used, it is not a universal solution due to some weaknesses. Alternatively, labelled nucleotides could be used, whose application and functionality have been already partially demonstrated. It remains to be determined how this method performs in comparison to traditional labelling, in particular combined with isothermal amplification methods. In this work, we show a detailed analysis of the labelling efficiency under different conditions and compare the results with the traditional primer-labelling method in the context of RPA amplification. Impressively, our results showed that using Cy5-labelled dUTPs can achieve much more efficient labelling for fragments above 200 bp, while using them for smaller fragments does not bring any relevant disadvantages, but also no major benefit. Furthermore, this work successfully demonstrate for the first time a quadruplex microarray for the detection of resistance genes using RPA and direct labelling with Cy5-dUTP as a potential application scenario. The sensitivities achieved here extend to SNP discovery for the detection of the proper blaKPC variant.
On the impact of oil compounds on emulsion behavior under different thermodynamic conditions
Authors: Mohammadpour Milad , Malayeri M. Reza , Kazemzadeh Yousef , Riazi Masoud 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAsphaltene instability in oil causes severe problems such as deposition and more stable emulsions. Formation and stability of W/O emulsions based on location in which they are formed can either be helpful or detrimental for enhanced oil recovery. Changes in oil composition (saturate, aromatic, resin, and asphaltene) can also render the stability of asphaltene. In this study, the formation and staility of emulsions are investigated using changes in the colloidal instability index (CII) at ambient and reservoir conditions. Experiments were conducted for crude oil samples from various reservoirs which showed that when CII is greater than 1.059, due to the excessive instability of asphaltene and its movement toward the water–oil interface, the formed emulsion would be more stable. When CII was below 1.059 though, the asphaltene became stable hence did not tend to be placed at the water–oil interface, thus less stable emulsion was expected. Higher pressures led to an increase in the stability of the emulsion. These changes in the process of emulsion stability are related to two mechanisms of asphaltene absorption and greater shear stresses.
Revival of superconductivity in a one-dimensional dimerized diamond lattice
Authors: Shahbazi Sanaz , Hosseini Mir Vahid 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe study an s-wave superconductivity in a one-dimensional dimerized diamond lattice in the presence of spin–orbit coupling and Zeeman field. The considered diamond lattice, comprising of three sublattices per unitcell and having flat band, has two dimerization patterns; the intra unitcell hoppings have the same (opposite) dimerization pattern as the corresponding inter unitcell hoppings, namely, neighboring (facing) dimerization. Using the mean-field theory, we calculate the superconducting order parameter self-consistently and examine the stability of the superconducting phase against the spin–orbit coupling, Zeeman splitting, dimerization, and temperature. We find that the spin–orbit coupling or Zeeman splitting individually has a detrimental effect on the superconductivity, mostly for the facing dimerization. But their mutual effect revives the superconductivity at charge neutrality point for the facing dimerization.
Olive oil-derived endocannabinoid-like mediators inhibit palatable food-induced reward and obesity
Authors: Forte Nicola , Roussel Charlène , Marfella Brenda , Lauritano Anna , Villano Rosaria , De Leonibus Elvira , Salviati Emanuela , Khalilzadehsabet Tina , Giorgini Giada , Silvestri Cristoforo , Piscitelli Fabiana , Mollica Maria Pina , Di Marzo Vincenzo , Cristino Luigia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractN-oleoylglycine (OlGly), a lipid derived from the basic component of olive oil, oleic acid, and N-oleoylalanine (OlAla) are endocannabinoid-like mediators. We report that OlGly and OlAla, by activating the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα), reduce the rewarding properties of a highly palatable food, dopamine neuron firing in the ventral tegmental area, and the obesogenic effect of a high-fat diet rich in lard (HFD-L). An isocaloric olive oil HFD (HFD-O) reduced body weight gain compared to the HFD-L, in a manner reversed by PPARα antagonism, and enhanced brain and intestinal OlGly levels and gut microbial diversity. OlGly or OlAla treatment of HFD-L mice resulted in gut microbiota taxonomic changes partly similar to those induced by HFD-O. We suggest that OlGly and OlAla control body weight by counteracting highly palatable food overconsumption, and possibly rebalancing the gut microbiota, and provide a potential new mechanism of action for the obeso-preventive effects of olive oil-rich diets.
Little evidence of management change in California’s forest offset program
Authors: Stapp Jared , Nolte Christoph , Potts Matthew , Baumann Matthias , Haya Barbara K. , Butsic Van 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCarbon offsets are widely promoted as a strategy to lower the cost of emission reductions, but recent findings suggest that offsets may not causally reduce emissions by the amount claimed. In a compliance market, offsets increase net emissions if they do not reflect real emission reductions beyond the baseline scenario. Few studies have examined the additionality of forest carbon offsets within California’s U.S. Forest Projects compliance offset protocol, one of the largest forest offset programs in the world. Here we examine additionality in California’s offset protocol. Since 2012, most of California’s offset credits (84%) have been awarded to improved forest management projects. Using a database of improved forest management project characteristics, locations, and remotely sensed forest disturbance data indicative of management activity, we find that projects have been primarily allocated to forests with high carbon stocks (127% higher than regional averages) and low historical disturbance (28% less disturbance than regional averages since 1985). A matching and panel regression analysis failed to show additionality, as project creation did not significantly lower disturbance rates 3 and 5 years after project implementation relative to similar non-project lands. These results indicate that California’s forest offset protocol may contribute to an increasingly large carbon debt.
Cyclones modulate the control of the North Atlantic Oscillation on transports into the Barents Sea
Authors: Heukamp Finn Ole , Aue Lars , Wang Qiang , Ionita Monica , Kanzow Torsten , Wekerle Claudia , Rinke Annette 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe warm Atlantic Water transported into the Barents Sea plays a crucial role in winter sea ice extent, marine ecosystems, and mid-latitude weather. The North Atlantic Oscillation is known to be an important driver for the Atlantic Water transport variability in the Barents Sea Opening. Here, we find that the dependence of the Barents Sea Opening ocean volume transport variability on the North Atlantic Oscillation is non-stationary. Our results indicate that for the period 1995 to 2005, the link between the North Atlantic Oscillation and the transport variability in the Barents Sea Opening temporarily weakened before an eventual recovery. During this period, synoptic cyclones with unusual trajectories as a consequence of pronounced atmospheric blocking in the North Atlantic sector altered the large-scale and local wind patterns. This temporarily caused a state that the Barents Sea Opening transport variability is largely locally driven instead of being driven by the North Atlantic Oscillation. Our study suggests that an adequate representation of both the North Atlantic Oscillation and cyclone activity is necessary for climate models to better predict future changes in poleward ocean heat transport and Arctic climate.
Satellite forecasting of crop harvest can trigger a cross-hemispheric production response and improve global food security
Authors: Tanaka Tetsuji , Sun Laixiang , Becker-Reshef Inbal , Song Xiao-Peng , Puricelli Estefania 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGlobal food security is increasingly threatened by climate change and regional human conflicts. Abnormal fluctuations in crop production in major exporting countries can cause volatility in food prices and household consumption in importing countries. Here we show that timely forecasting of crop harvest from satellite data over major exporting regions can trigger production response in the opposite hemisphere to offset the short-term fluctuations and stabilize global food supply. Satellite forecasting can reduce the fluctuation extents of country-level prices by 1.1 to 12.5 percentage points for anticipated wheat shortage or surplus in Russia and Ukraine, and even reverse the price shock in importing countries for anticipated soybean shortage in Brazil. Our research demonstrates that by leveraging the seasonal lags in crop calendars between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, operational crop monitoring from satellite data can provide a mechanism to improve global food security.
Membrane procoagulation and N‑terminomics/TAILS profiling in Montreal platelet syndrome kindred with VWF p.V1316M mutation
Authors: Agbani Ejaife O. , Young Daniel , Chen Si An , Smith Sophie , Lee Adrienne , Poole Alastair W. , Dufour Antoine , Poon Man-Chiu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The Montreal platelet syndrome kindred (MPS) with VWF p.V1316M mutation (2B-VWDMPS) is an extremely rare disorder. It has been associated with macrothrombocytopenia, spontaneous platelet clumping, mucocutaneous, and other bleeding, which can be largely prevented by von Willebrand factor (VWF) concentrate infusion. However, supplemental platelet transfusion has been required on occasion, particularly for severe gastrointestinal bleeds. This raised the question of whether a previously uncharacterized platelet dysfunction contributes to bleeding diathesis in 2B-VWDMPS patients. We have previously shown that membrane ballooning, a principal part of the platelet procoagulant membrane dynamics (PMD) after collagen stimulation, is driven by the influx of Na+ and Cl-, followed by the entry of water.

Methods
We study two members (mother and daughter) of the MPS kindred with severe bleeding phenotype and address this question by coupling quantitative platelet shotgun proteomics and validating biochemical assays, with the systematic analysis of platelet procoagulant membrane dynamics (PMD). Using N-terminomics/TAILS (terminal amine isotopic labeling of substrates), we compare changes in proteolysis between healthy and 2B-VWDMPS platelets.

Results
Here, we report in 2B-VWDMPS platelets, the loss of the transmembrane chloride channel-1 (CLIC1), and reduced chloride ion influx after collagen stimulation. This was associated with diminished membrane ballooning, phosphatidylserine externalization, and membrane thrombin formation, as well as a distinct phenotypic composition of platelets over fibrillar collagen. We also identify processing differences of VWF, fibronectin (FN1), and Crk-like protein (CRKL). 2B-VWDMPS platelets are shown to be basally activated, partially degranulated, and have marked loss of regulatory, cytoskeletal, and contractile proteins.

Conclusions
This may account for structural disorganization, giant platelet formation, and a weakened hemostatic response.
Edema and lymphatic clearance: molecular mechanisms and ongoing challenges
Authors: Breslin Jerome W. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Resolution of edema remains a significant clinical challenge. Conditions such as traumatic shock, sepsis, or diabetes often involve microvascular hyperpermeability, which leads to tissue and organ dysfunction. Lymphatic insufficiency due to genetic causes, surgical removal of lymph nodes, or infections, leads to varying degrees of tissue swelling that impair mobility and immune defenses. Treatment options are limited to management of edema as there are no specific therapeutics that have demonstrated significant success for ameliorating microvascular leakage or impaired lymphatic function. This review examines current knowledge about the physiological, cellular, and molecular mechanisms that control microvascular permeability and lymphatic clearance, the respective processes for interstitial fluid formation and removal. Clinical conditions featuring edema, along with potential future directions are discussed.
A Scoping Review of the Effect of Classroom Acoustic Conditions on University Students' Listening, Learning, and Well-Being
Authors: Mealings Kiri 
Published: September 2023

Purpose:
University is an important time for learning; therefore, it is vital that the classroom acoustic environment is conducive for all students. The aim of this scoping review was to determine what is known from the literature about the effect of classroom acoustic conditions on university students' listening, learning, and well-being and identify future research needs.

Method:
This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews protocol. After a search of four online databases, a total of 29 articles met the criteria to be included in the review.

Results:
The scoping review revealed that poor classroom acoustic conditions such as increased noise, decreased signal-to-noise ratio, increased reverberation time, decreased clarity, or decreased speech transmission index largely have a negative effect on university students' listening, learning, and well-being. Nonnative speakers were more adversely affected than native speakers. Students with hearing loss were also more adversely affected, though these students were only included in two studies.

Conclusions:
It would be beneficial for acoustic modifications to be made in classrooms to enhance students' listening, learning, and well-being. Limitations of the reviewed studies and future research needs are discussed.
Trends in torques acting on the star during a star-disk magnetospheric interaction
Authors: Čemeljić M. , Brun A. S. 
Published: September 2023

Aims. We assess the modification of angular momentum transport in various configurations of star-disk accreting systems based on numerical simulations with different parameters. In particular, we quantify the torques exerted on a star by the various components of the flow and field in our simulations of a star-disk magnetospheric interaction.
Methods. In a suite of resistive and viscous numerical simulations, we obtained results using different stellar rotation rates, dipole magnetic field strengths, and resistivities. We probed a part of the parameter space with slowly rotating central objects, up to 20% of the Keplerian rotation rate at the equator. Different components of the flow in star-disk magnetospheric interaction were considered in the study: a magnetospheric wind (i.e., the “stellar wind”) ejected outwards from the stellar vicinity, matter infalling onto the star through the accretion column, and a magnetospheric ejection launched from the magnetosphere. We also took account of trends in the total torque in the system and in each component individually.
Results. We find that for all the stellar magnetic field strengths, B⋆, the anchoring radius of the stellar magnetic field in the disk is extended with increasing disk resistivity. The torque exerted on the star is independent of the stellar rotation rate, Ω⋆, in all the cases without magnetospheric ejections. In cases where such ejections are present, there is a weak dependence of the anchoring radius on the stellar rotation rate, with both the total torque in the system and torque on the star from the ejection and infall from the disk onto the star proportional to Ω⋆B3. The torque from a magnetospheric ejection is proportional to Ω⋆4. Without the magnetospheric ejection, the spin-up of the star switches to spin-down in cases involving a larger stellar field and faster stellar rotation. The critical value for this switch is about 10% of the Keplerian rotation rate.