bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the lower bound of the Heisenberg uncertainty product in the Boltzmann states
Authors: Wang Yao 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The uncertainty principle lies at the heart of quantum mechanics, as it describes the fundamental trade-off between the precision of position and momentum measurements. In this work, we study the quantum particle in the Boltzmann states and derive a refined lower bound on the product of

and

. Our new bound is expressed in terms of the ratio between

and the thermal de Broglie wavelength, and provides a valuable tool for characterizing thermodynamic precision. We apply our results to the Brownian oscillator system, where we compare our new bound with the well-known Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Our analysis shows that our new bound offers a more precise measure of the thermodynamic limits of precision.
Weight Gain After HIV Therapy Initiation: Pathophysiology and Implications
Authors: Chandiwana Nomathemba C , Siedner Mark J , Marconi Vincent C , Hill Andrew , Ali Mohammed K , Batterham Rachel L , Venter Willem Daniel Francois 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRapid advances in the potency, safety, and availability of modern HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART) have yielded a near-normal life expectancy for most people living with HIV (PLWH). Ironically, considering the history of HIV/AIDS (initially called “slim disease” because of associated weight loss), the latest dilemma faced by many people starting HIV therapy is weight gain and obesity, particularly Black people, women, and those who commenced treatment with advanced immunodeficiency. We review the pathophysiology and implications of weight gain among PLWH on ART and discuss why this phenomenon was recognized only recently, despite the availability of effective therapy for nearly 30 years. We comprehensively explore the theories of the causes, from initial speculation that weight gain was simply a return to health for people recovering from wasting to comparative effects of newer regimens vs prior toxic agents, to direct effects of agents on mitochondrial function. We then discuss the implications of weight gain on modern ART, particularly concomitant effects on lipids, glucose metabolism, and inflammatory markers. Finally, we discuss intervention options for PLWH and obesity, from the limitations of switching ART regimens or specific agents within regimens, weight-gain mitigation strategies, and potential hope in access to emerging antiobesity agents, which are yet to be evaluated in this population.
Association Between Pseudoprogression of Vestibular Schwannoma After Radiosurgery and Radiological Features of Solid and Cystic Components
Authors: Huang Chih-Ying , Peng Syu-Jyun , Yang Huai-Che , Wu Hsiu-Mei , Chen Ching-Jen , Wang Mao-Che , Hu Yong-Sin , Lin Chung-Jung , Shiau Cheng-Ying , Guo Wan-Yuo , Chung Wen-Yuh , Pan David Hung-Chi , Lee Cheng-Chia 
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:The pathophysiology of vestibular schwannoma (VS) pseudoprogression after Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) remains unclear. Radiological features in pretreatment magnetic resonance images may help predict VS pseudoprogression. This study used VS radiological features quantified using an automated segmentation algorithm to predict pseudoprogression after GKRS treatment.METHODS:This is a retrospective study comprising 330 patients with VS who received GKRS. After image preprocessing and T2W/contrast-enhanced T1-weighted image (CET1W) image generation, with fuzzy C-means clustering, VSs were segmented into solid and cystic components and classified as solid and cystic. Relevant radiological features were then extracted. The response to GKRS was classified into “nonpseudoprogression” and “pseudoprogression/fluctuation”. The Z test for two proportions was used to compare solid and cystic VS for the likelihood of pseudoprogression/fluctuation. Logistic regression was used to assess the correlation between clinical variables and radiological features and response to GKRS.RESULTS:The likelihood of pseudoprogression/fluctuation after GKRS was significantly higher for solid VS compared with cystic VS (55% vs 31%,P< .001). For the entire VS cohort, multivariable logistic regression revealed that a lower mean tumor signal intensity (SI) in T2W/CET1W images was associated with pseudoprogression/fluctuation after GKRS (P= .001). For the solid VS subgroup, a lower mean tumor SI in T2W/CET1W images (P= .035) was associated with pseudoprogression/fluctuation after GKRS. For the cystic VS subgroup, a lower mean SI of the cystic component in T2W/CET1W images (P= .040) was associated with pseudoprogression/fluctuation after GKRS.CONCLUSION:Pseudoprogression is more likely to occur in solid VS compared with cystic VS. Quantitative radiological features in pretreatment magnetic resonance images were associated with pseudoprogression after GKRS. In T2W/CET1W images, solid VS with a lower mean tumor SI and cystic VS with a lower mean SI of cystic component were more likely to have pseudoprogression after GKRS. These radiological features can help predict the likelihood of pseudoprogression after GKRS.
Epidermolysis bullosa pruriginosa: A case report of two first cousins
Authors: Zahoor Maria 
Published: July 2023

Genodermatoses are quite frequent in developing countries where consanguinity is common but are usually under reported and undiagnosed. Main reason being lack of accessibility to tertiary health care facilities for people of rural areas as evident in case below. Genetic counselling and pre natal testing is of utmost importance in affected families. Epidermolysis bullosa pruriginosa (EBP) is a rare and less recognized variant of dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. Reporting the case of two first cousins who presented with intensely pruritic skin lesions since infancy along with the history of siblings with skin problems. EBP provided a unifying diagnosis.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.6764
How to cite this: Zahoor M. Epidermolysis bullosa pruriginosa: A case report of two first cousins. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.6764
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) and Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score for predicting outcomes of breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Peng Puchao , Chen Lijie , Shen Qinjing , Xu Zhouming , Ding Xiufang 
Published: July 2023

Objective: To assess prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score could predict overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with breast cancer.
Methods: PubMed, Embase, ScienceDirect, CENTRAL, and Google Scholar were searched from 1st January 2000 to 10th October 2021 for studies assessing the association between PNI or CONUT and outcomes of breast cancer by following the PRISMA guidelines. Keywords used were “Prognostic nutritional index”, “Controlling nutritional status”, “CONUT”, and “Breast cancer”.
Results: Nine studies were included. On pooled analysis, we noted a statistically significant improved OS in patients with high PNI as compared to low PNI. Meta-analysis revealed no significant difference in DFS between patients with high PNI and low PNI. However, on the exclusion of one study, we noted that high PNI was associated with significantly improved DFS as compared to low PNI. On pooled analysis, we also noted that a high CONUT score was associated with significantly reduced OS in breast cancer patients.
Conclusion: Our results indicate that PNI is an important prognostic factor for patients with breast cancer. Pre-treatment low PNI is associated with worse OS and DFS. Scarce data also indicates that a high CONUT score is predictive of poor OS in breast cancer.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.7781
How to cite this: Peng P, Chen L, Shen Q, Xu Z, Ding X. Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) and Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score for predicting outcomes of breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.7781
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
DESIGN DE INTERFACE E A INFLUÊNCIA NO DESEJO DE COMPRA: um estudo de caso sobre o Instagram
Authors: Bezerra de Siqueira Maria Amélia Siqueira , Santa Rosa José Guilherme 
Published: July 2023

Essa pesquisa tem como tema a influência que o Instagram, pode exercer sobre os seus usuários através do seu design de interface. Para a compreensão dos sentimentos do usuário, as áreas de estudo abordadas foram a Experiência do Usuário e Ressignificação de Sistemas. Os métodos aplicados foram: Avaliações Cooperativas e Grupos Focais. Os resultados indicam que o design de interfaces do aplicativo atua sobre o desejo de compras dos usuários, em razão dos anúncios constantemente apresentados.
Fotopintura como estratégia para acionar imaginários sobre corpos racializados na obra de Fernando Banzi
Authors: Grabowski Ariadne Fernanda de Souza , Corrêa Ronaldo De Oliveira 
Published: July 2023

Esse texto tem por objetivo analisar as estratégias de atualização de corpos racializados por meio da série Tipos (2018) do artista paulista Fernando Banzi, composta por 28 fotopinturas digitais aplicadas em retratos no formato carte-de-visite do fotógrafo Alberto Henschel, realizados em Recife e Salvador, no período de 1860. Para tanto, utilizamos entrevista do autor sobre a série, disponibilizada no Museu da Imagem e do Som (MIS-SP); textos de divulgação presentes no portfólio do artista; notas de diário de campo (julho de 2022) e aporte teórico. Propomos a apresentação deste conjunto de imagens como estratégia para refletir sobre os enunciados acerca do acionamento de imaginários nacionais sobre corpos racializados.
Princípios de design universal nos serviços de streaming no contexto pandêmico
Authors: Da Cruz Bruna Pereira , Alves Lays Almeida , Merino Eugenio Andrés Díaz , Díaz Merino Giselle Schmidt Alves 
Published: July 2023

Com a pandemia, os serviços de vídeo por streaming que já eram populares tomaram proporções ainda maiores, encantando públicos diversos. O objetivo é analisar o uso dos serviços de streaming com base nos 7º Princípios de Design Universal empregados por Ronald L. Mace, fundador do The Center for Universal Design. Neste estudo, foram combinados dois aspectos: um bibliográfico e outro com questionário online enviado para mais de 400 pessoas de 18 a 35 anos e obteve-se 73 respostas sobre a percepção destes. Os resultados apontam que o design aplicado nas interfaces das plataformas de streaming são atraentes e há liberdade na utilização. Oferecem condições satisfatórias de acessibilidade. A comunicação delas abrange a todos de forma simples. Os 7º Princípios do Design Universal devem ser utilizados na concepção de projetos pensando na questão da percepção de uso para que esteja disponível a todos usuários que podem ter algum tipo de deficiência, seja física, psíquica ou sensorial.
ANÁLISE DA QUALIDADE PAISAGÍSTICA AMBIENTAL E O TURISMO: o caso da rua Portugal em São Luís (Maranhão, Brasil)
Authors: Santos Saulo Ribeiro dos , Hardt Letícia Peret Antunes , Hardt Carlos 
Published: July 2023

Voltada à indagação sobre as influências do turismo na paisagem das cidades, tem-se como compreender a percepção dos usuários de cena quanto a qualidade ambiental e paisagística da rua Portugal em São Luís (Maranhão, Brasil), quanto às intervenções turísticas. Baseada em estrutura múltipla de métodos, utilizou-se de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, onde foram tratados assuntos relacionados ao turismo e à cidade, considerando suas concepções, relações e intervenções recíprocas, bem como seus processos de gestão. No âmbito da pesquisa empírica aplicou-se questionário com observadores de cena e para a interpretação dos resultados, utilizou-se parâmetros disponibilizados em diversos documentos formais de âmbito municipal, estadual, nacional e internacional. Por fim, concluindo-se que existem desvios médios entre os períodos do dia nas classificações pelos observadores de cenas sobre qualidade da paisagem da Rua Portugal.
AVALIAÇÃO DA DINÂMICA TEMPORAL DA COBERTURA E USO DAS TERRAS DO MUNICÍPIO DE PATOS-PB UTILIZANDO MAPBIOMAS
Authors: Francisco Paulo Roberto Megna , Moraes Neto João Miguel de , Silva Viviane Farias , Ribeiro George Do Nascimento , Santos Djail 
Published: July 2023

Dada a repetitvidade com que as imagens de satélite que são adquiridas, é possível reconhecer alterações ocorridas na paisagem de uma região num dado período de tempo através da análise da extensão e do tipo de mudanças no uso. Objetivou-se avaliar estatisticamente através de análise descritiva e de regressão dados temporais da cobertura e uso das terras do municipio de Patos-PB obtidos pelo MapBiomas© utilizando uma série de 36 anos entre 1985 a 2020. O tratamento estatístico foi direcionado à aplicação das análises dos dados utilizando o XLSTAT© Trial. A utilização da aplicação Web MapBiomas como ferramenta para analisar o uso e cobertura dos solos proporcionou resultados satisfatórios com rapidez e precisão. Observou-se que ocorreram mudanças significativas de área nas classes Formação Natural Não Florestal e Agropecuária onde ocorreram os maiores desvios. A distribuição não se apresentou simétrica, a curtose indicou uma distribuição platicúrtica, onde as maiores variações de amplitude e distribuição irregular apresentaram-se nas classes Formação Natural Não Florestal e Agropecuária. Pôde-se afirmar que existe a concordância entre os testes utilizados neste trabalho e a análise de acurácia elaborada nas imagens pelo Mapbiomas.
A formação de professores e a inclusão dos estudantes com deficiência
Authors: Sponchiado Laercio Francisco , Wolff Paim Marilane Maria 
Published: July 2023

O presente texto “Formação de professores e a inclusão” é um recorte do resultado de uma pesquisa de mestrado desenvolvida no Programa de Pós-Graduação Mestrado Profissional em Educação (PPGPE) da Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul (UFFS) - Campus Erechim. Este estudo, de abordagem qualitativa, visou investigar sobre a formação docente inicial e continuada dos professores, buscando entender se a mesma está possibilitando aos professores atuarem com os estudantes deficientes ou que tenham transtornos globais do desenvolvimento, promovendo a inclusão no ambiente escolar. Como metodologia utilizamos a pesquisa de campo com a participação de 11 professores de uma escola da rede pública estadual no município de Erechim, Rio Grande do Sul, que possui iniciativas voltadas à inclusão, utilizando como instrumento de pesquisa o grupo focal. Durante o desenvolvimento da pesquisa foi possível constatar que existe carência na formação pedagógica para os professores, tanto no que se refere à formação inicial quanto à continuada. A maioria dos professores que participaram do grupo focal relata que tiveram uma formação inicial incipiente ou até mesmo ausente em relação ao tema da inclusão; que as escolas, pelo menos no nível estadual, organizam sua própria formação continuada, sem um eixo comum e integrador, deixando temas importantes como o da inclusão em segundo plano.
Socio-economic and environmental factors associated with high lymphatic filariasis morbidity prevalence distribution in Bangladesh
Authors: Williams Tijana , Karim Mohammad Jahirul , Uddin Shihab , Jahan Sharmin , ASM Sultan Mahmood , Forbes Shaun P. , Hooper Anna , Taylor Mark J. , Kelly-Hope Louise A. 
Published: July 2023

Background
Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a vector-borne parasitic disease which affects 70 million people worldwide and causes life-long disabilities. In Bangladesh, there are an estimated 44,000 people suffering from clinical conditions such as lymphoedema and hydrocoele, with the greatest burden in the northern Rangpur division. To better understand the factors associated with this distribution, this study examined socio-economic and environmental factors at division, district, and sub-district levels.

Methodology
A retrospective ecological study was conducted using key socio-economic (nutrition, poverty, employment, education, house infrastructure) and environmental (temperature, precipitation, elevation, waterway) factors. Characteristics at division level were summarised. Bivariate analysis using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was conducted at district and sub-district levels, and negative binomial regression analyses were conducted across high endemic sub-districts (n = 132). Maps were produced of high endemic sub-districts to visually illustrate the socio-economic and environmental factors found to be significant.

Results
The highest proportion of rural population (86.8%), poverty (42.0%), tube well water (85.4%), and primary employment in agriculture (67.7%) was found in Rangpur division.
Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient at district and sub-district level show that LF morbidity prevalence was significantly (p<0.05) positively correlated with households without electricity (district rs = 0.818; sub-district rs = 0.559), households with tube well water (sub-district rs = 0.291), households without toilet (district rs = 0.504; sub-district rs = 0.40), mean annual precipitation (district rs = 0.695; sub-district rs = 0.503), mean precipitation of wettest quarter (district rs = 0.707; sub-district rs = 0.528), and significantly negatively correlated with severely stunted children (district rs = -0.723; sub-district rs = -0.370), mean annual temperature (district rs = -0.633.; sub-district rs = 0.353) and mean temperature (wettest quarter) ((district rs = -0.598; sub-district rs = 0.316)
Negative binomial regression analyses at sub-district level found severely stunted children (p = <0.001), rural population (p = 0.002), poverty headcount (p = 0.001), primary employment in agriculture (p = 0.018), households without toilet (p = <0.001), households without electricity (p = 0.002) and mean temperature (wettest quarter) (p = 0.045) to be significant.

Conclusions
This study highlights the value of using available data to identify key drivers associated with high LF morbidity prevalence, which may help national LF programmes better identify populations at risk and implement timely and targeted public health messages and intervention strategies.
Maternal occupational risk factors and preterm birth: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Adane Haimanot Abebe , Iles Ross , Boyle Jacqueline A. , Collie Alex 
Published: July 2023

Introduction
Preterm birth, which accounts for 33.1% of neonatal death globally, is the main cause of under-five mortality. A growing number of studies indicate that occupational risk factors during pregnancy are linked to an increased likelihood of poor pregnancy outcomes. The effect of physical occupational risks on preterm birth has received very little attention, and previous reviews have produced inconclusive results. This systematic review aims to update the evidence on the relationship between maternal physical occupational risks and preterm birth.

Method and analysis
We will search electronic databases including Ovid Medline, Embase, Emcare, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of science to find peer-reviewed studies examining the relationship between six common maternal physical occupational risks (heavy lifting, prolonged standing, heavy physical exertion, long working hours, shift work, and whole-body vibrations) and preterm birth. Articles published in English after 1 January 2000 will be included without geographic restrictions. Two reviewers will screen titles and abstracts independently, and then select full-text articles that meet inclusion criteria. Methodological quality of the included studies will be evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal method. The quality of evidence across each exposure and the outcome of interest will be examined by using the GRADE (Grade of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, Evaluation) method. Accordingly, a high level of evidence will lead to “strong recommendations”. A moderate level of evidence will lead to “practice considerations”. For all evidence levels below moderate, the message will be “not enough evidence from the scientific literature to guide policymakers, clinicians, and patients. If data permits, a meta-analysis will be conducted using Stata Software. In case where meta-analysis is not possible, we will perform a formal narrative synthesis.

Discussion and conclusion
Evidence suggests that preterm birth is linked to a number of maternal occupational risk factors. This systematic review will update, compile, and critically review the evidence on the effect of maternal physical occupational risk on preterm birth. This systematic review will provide guidance to support decision-makers including maternal and child health services, other health care providers, and government policy agencies.

Trial registration
PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022357045.
Endocardial versus whole-myocardial tracking global longitudinal strain analysis in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A preliminary comparative study
Authors: Park Jiesuck , Yoon Yeonyee E. , Chun Eun Ju , Choi Hong-Mi , Hwang In-Chang , Lee Hyun Jung , Park Jun Bean , Lee Seung Pyo , Kim Hyung Kwan , Kim Yong Jin , Cho Goo-Yeong 
Published: July 2023

Background and objectives
We investigated whether the feasibility of left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain (GLS) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) varies according to the methodology (e.g. endocardial vs. whole myocardial tracking techniques).

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 111 consecutive patients with HCM (median age, 58 years; male, 68.5%) who underwent both transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (apical 29.7%, septal 33.3%, and diffuse or mixed 37.0%). TTE-whole myocardial and TTE-endocardial GLS were measured and compared in terms of association with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) extent and discrimination performance for extensive LGE (>15% of the LV myocardium).

Results
Although TTE-whole myocardial and TTE-endocardial GLS were significantly correlated, absolute TTE-endocardial GLS values (19.3 [16.2–21.9] %) were higher than TTE-whole myocardial GLS values (13.3[10.9–15.6] %, p<0.001). Both TTE-derived GLS parameters were significantly correlated with the LGE extent and independently associated with extensive LGE (odds ratio [OR] 1.30, p = 0.022; and OR 1.24, p = 0.013, respectively). Discrimination performance for extensive LGE was comparable between TTE-whole myocardial and TTE-endocardial GLS (area under the curve [AUC], 0.747 and 0.754, respectively, pdifference = 0.610). However, among patients with higher LV mass index (>70 g/m2), only TTE-whole myocardial GLS correlated with LGE extent and was independently associated with extensive LGE (OR 1.35, p = 0.042), while TTE-endocardial GLS did not. Additionally, TTE-whole myocardial GLS had better discrimination performance for extensive LGE than TTE-endocardial GLS (AUC, 0.705 and 0.668, respectively, pdifference = 0.006).

Conclusion
TTE-derived GLS using either the endocardial or whole myocardial tracking technique is feasible in patients with HCM. However, in those with severe hypertrophy, TTE-whole myocardial GLS is better than TTE-endocardial GLS.
Silhouettes: Fashion in the Shadow of HIV/AIDS, curated by Skye Bartlett and Timothy Roberts
Authors: McNeil Peter 
Published: July 2023

Review of: Silhouettes: Fashion in the Shadow of HIV/AIDS, curated by Skye Bartlett and Timothy Roberts
The David Roche Museum, Adelaide, Australia, 29 January–18 June 2022

Silhouettes: Fashion in the Shadow of HIV/AIDS, Penelope Curtin (ed.) (2022)
Adelaide: The David Roche Museum, 164 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-64872-291-5, p/bk, AUD 35