bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Instructional clarity and classroom management are linked to attitudes towards mathematics: A combination of student and teacher ratings
Authors: Chen Xin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrevious research examined the relationship between teaching characteristics and constructs of attitudes towards mathematics (ATM) from the student perspective in isolation.AimsThis study aims to survey the relationship between instructional clarity and classroom management and ATM constructs (i.e., mathematics self‐concept, mathematics value, enjoyment and boredom) from the student and teacher perspectives.SamplesThe data was gathered from 8698 eighth graders (49.9% girls) and 536 math instructors (70% female) who participated in the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) 2019 survey in the United States. Students were nested within 537 classrooms in 273 schools.MethodsThe multilevel modelling was used to explore the link between instructional clarity and classroom management and ATM constructs.ResultsInstructional clarity and classroom management represented different constructs at the student and class level when combining student and teacher perspectives. Students' reports of the two teaching characteristics revealed significant connections with ATM constructs, particularly with regard to instructional clarity. Whereas, teachers' reports of instructional clarity had no relationships with aspects of ATM. Furthermore, compared with students' ratings, classroom management rated by teachers showed a greater relation with ATM constructs except for boredom.ConclusionsCombining multilevel analyses with student and teacher evaluations of classroom teaching is a promising endeavour. Students' perceptions of instructional clarity play an influential role in ATM outcomes, while teacher‐rated classroom management is of great relevance to ATM constructs (except boredom) than students' reports.
Sickle red blood cell‐derived extracellular vesicles activate endothelial cells and enhance sickle red cell adhesion mediated by von Willebrand factor
Authors: An Ran , Man Yuncheng , Cheng Kevin , Zhang Tianyi , Chen Chunsheng , Wang Fang , Abdulla Fuad , Kucukal Erdem , Wulftange William J. , Goreke Utku , Bode Allison , Nayak Lalitha V. , Vercellotti Gregory M. , Belcher John D. , Little Jane A. , Gurkan Umut A. 
Published: January 2023

SummaryEndothelial activation and sickle red blood cell (RBC) adhesion are central to the pathogenesis of sickle cell disease (SCD). Quantitatively, RBC‐derived extracellular vesicles (REVs) are more abundant from SS RBCs compared with healthy RBCs (AA RBCs). Sickle RBC‐derived REVs (SS REVs) are known to promote endothelial cell (EC) activation through cell signalling and transcriptional regulation at longer terms. However, the SS REV‐mediated short‐term non‐transcriptional response of EC is unclear. Here, we examined the impact of SS REVs on acute microvascular EC activation and RBC adhesion at 2 h. Compared with AA REVs, SS REVs promoted human pulmonary microvascular ECs (HPMEC) activation indicated by increased von Willebrand factor (VWF) expression. Under microfluidic conditions, we found abnormal SS RBC adhesion to HPMECs exposed to SS REVs. This enhanced SS RBC adhesion was reduced by haeme binding protein haemopexin or VWF cleaving protease ADAMTS13 to a level similar to HPMECs treated with AA REVs. Consistent with these observations, haemin‐ or SS REV‐induced microvascular stasis in SS mice with implanted dorsal skin‐fold chambers that was inhibited by ADAMTS13. The adhesion induced by SS REVs was variable and was higher with SS RBCs from patients with increased markers of haemolysis (lactate dehydrogenase and reticulocyte count) or a concomitant clinical diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis. Our results emphasise the critical contribution made by REVs to the pathophysiology of SCD by triggering acute microvascular EC activation and abnormal RBC adhesion. These findings may help to better understand acute pathophysiological mechanism of SCD and thereby the development of new treatment strategies using VWF as a potential target.
The role of mantle upwelling on the thermal history of theTertiary‐PiedmontBasin at theAlps‐Apenninestectonic boundary
Authors: Amadori Chiara , Maino Matteo , Marini Mattia , Casini Leonardo , Carrapa Barbara , Jepson Gilby , Hayes Robert George , Nicola Chiara , Reguzzi Simone , Di Giulio Andrea 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Tertiary‐Piedmont Basin (NW Italy) is an episutural basin that developed from the late Eocene on the Alps–Apennines tectonic junction. Several coeval geodynamic processes, including the loading and exhumation of the Western Alps, the outward migration of the Apennine accretionary wedge and the opening of the Liguro‐Provençal rift basin, controlled the basin evolution. We integrate fluid‐inclusion microthermometry, low‐temperature thermochronology and burial history with numerical modelling to constrain the palaeo‐geothermal gradients required and evaluate the mechanisms that governed the basin thermal history. Apatite fission‐track and (U‐Th‐Sm)/He analyses of the basal late Eocene turbidites show reset ages of ca. 25 and 20 Ma, respectively, which require temperatures to be >120°C. Homogenization temperatures up to ca. 130°C from fluid inclusion analyses from authigenic minerals confirm the thermochronometric data, supporting a significant post‐depositional heating in the lower sequence of the basin. Stratigraphic reconstructions and decompaction of the basin fill indicate that the maximum burial experienced by the basal strata at 25 Ma is 2.3 ± 0.1 km, which is not sufficient to reset the AFT thermochronometric system when applying a typical geothermal gradient (ca. 20–30°C/km). An elevated geothermal gradient of 45 ± 5°C/km is thus necessary to explain the thermochronometric dates and the elevated thermal signature at shallow depths. 2D numerical simulations indicate that such an elevated palaeo‐geothermal gradient can be best explained by mantle upwelling, consistent with crustal thinning caused by the inception of the Liguro‐Provençal rift basin and related outward migration of the Alpine and Apennine fronts during the Oligocene.
Implicit Association Test (IAT) Studies Investigating Pitch‐Shape Audiovisual Cross‐modal Associations Across Language Groups
Authors: Shang Nan , Styles Suzy J 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that Chinese speakers and non‐Chinese speakers exhibit different patterns of cross‐modal congruence for the lexical tones of Mandarin Chinese, depending on which features of the pitch they attend to. But is this pattern of language‐specific listening a conscious cultural strategy or an automatic processing effect? If automatic, does it also apply when the same pitch contours no longer sound like speech? Implicit Association Tests (IATs) provide an indirect measure of cross‐modal association. In a series of IAT studies, conducted with participants with three kinds of language backgrounds (Chinese‐dominant bilinguals, Chinese balanced bilinguals, and English speakers with no Chinese experience) we find language‐specific congruence effects for Mandarin lexical tones but not for matched sine‐wave stimuli. That is, for linguistic stimuli, non‐Chinese speakers show advantages for pitch‐height congruence (high‐pointy, low‐curvy); no congruence effects were found for Chinese speakers. For non‐linguistic stimuli, all participant groups showed advantages for pitch‐height congruence. The present findings suggest that non‐lexical tone congruence (high‐pointy, low‐curvy) is a basic congruence pattern, and the acquisition of a language with lexical tone can alter this perception.
Lack of Visual Experience Affects Multimodal Language Production: Evidence From Congenitally Blind and Sighted People
Authors: Mamus Ezgi , Speed Laura J. , Rissman Lilia , Majid Asifa , Özyürek Aslı 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe human experience is shaped by information from different perceptual channels, but it is still debated whether and how differential experience influences language use. To address this, we compared congenitally blind, blindfolded, and sighted people's descriptions of the same motion events experienced auditorily by all participants (i.e., via sound alone) and conveyed in speech and gesture. Comparison of blind and sighted participants to blindfolded participants helped us disentangle the effects of a lifetime experience of being blind versus the task‐specific effects of experiencing a motion event by sound alone. Compared to sighted people, blind people's speech focused more on path and less on manner of motion, and encoded paths in a more segmented fashion using more landmarks and path verbs. Gestures followed the speech, such that blind people pointed to landmarks more and depicted manner less than sighted people. This suggests that visual experience affects how people express spatial events in the multimodal language and that blindness may enhance sensitivity to paths of motion due to changes in event construal. These findings have implications for the claims that language processes are deeply rooted in our sensory experiences.
Exhaust dyeing of meta‐aramid yarn at low temperature and time
Authors: Kukreja Komal , Panda Prasanta K. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractExhaust dyeing of aramid fibre is difficult due to its high crystalline and compact structure. In this study aramid yarn is pre‐treated with solvent dimethyl sulphoxide to facilitate the dyeing process and then dyeing is achieved with a cationic dye. Pre‐treatment at high temperature leads to the reduction in tensile strength of yarn which is not desirable. Therefore, in this work pre‐treatment has been carried out at different temperatures and time to standardise those parameters to enhance the dye uptake with minimum reduction in strength. Further, dyeing temperature and time has been standardised keeping the standard pre‐treatment parameters fixed. From the study, pre‐treatment temperature of 30°C for 10 min and dyeing temperature of 100°C for 30 min are found suitable for better colour strength without much compromising on strength of yarn. The fastness properties of untreated and treated dyed yarns were comparable.
Featured Cover
Authors: Yin Qing , Bi Ruiye , Li Haohan , Li Qianli , Li Peiran , Wang Ruiyu , Zhu Songsong 
Published: January 2023

The cover image is based on the Original Article Regulatory role of human fibrocartilage stem cells in condyle osteochondroma by Qing Yin et al., https://doi.org/10.1111/cpr.13342.image
From moulage to metrics: Bibliometric survey of visual arts in dermatopathology and dermatology
Authors: Regmi Aayushma , Dahiya Madhu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundBoth dermatopathology and dermatology are highly visual medical specialties. We performed a bibliometric literature survey of the visual arts in reference to either discipline to better understand how medical literature approaches art within the context of the two specialties.Materials and MethodsWe performed a bibliometric analysis of publications found via multiple medical search engines and selected keywords meant to capture art‐related publications in dermatopathology and dermatology. Keywords (art, portrait, painting, dermatology, dermatopathology) and keyword combinations were entered into the search engines PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Pubs Hub, and Scopus. Topics of articles, years of publication, countries of origin, and contributing journals were compiled and analyzed.ResultsEighty publications were retrieved between January 1903 and August 2021. The highest number of articles were found in both PubMed and Google Scholar (n = 55), and the top publication year was 2020 (n = 11). Geographically, the United States of America (n = 38) had the greatest number of articles. The dermatology and art keyword combination yielded the most journal articles (n = 36), and the maximum number of publications were retrieved from JAMA Dermatology (n = 14) followed by the American Journal of Dermatopathology (n = 10).ConclusionOur survey showed an increasing number of publications related to the visual arts and dermatopathology/dermatology during the examined period, and a transition from observational case studies (often relating to art history) to articles examining the incorporation of the visual arts into medical training programs or professional societies.
Hedgehog pathway mutations are involved in the pathogenesis of plaque‐type “trichoblastoma”: A report of two cases
Authors: Giang Jenny , Mooyaart Antien L. , Martens‐de Kemp Sanne R. , Jaspars Lies , Wakkee Marlies , Eijken Erik , Voogt Walter , Dinjens Winand N. M. , Damman Jeffrey 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe present two cases of plaque‐type trichoblastoma with atypical foci. A rare variant of trichoblastoma is the plaque variant, which is characterized by poor circumscription and locally infiltrative growth pattern. These lesions mostly require multiple stages of Mohs micrographic surgery. Debate still exists whether this variant should be considered as a benign entity or as “low‐grade” malignant counterpart of trichoblastoma. In this report we describe two cases of plaque‐type trichoblastoma with atypical foci, which harbored somatic mutations in the Hedgehog pathway, thus should be acknowledged as intermediate malignancies. In addition, extensive molecular workup of both the trichoblastic and atypical component in sequential lesions in the same patient was performed.
Impact of ramus coronary artery on computed tomography derived fractional flow reserve (FFRCT) in no apparent coronary artery disease
Authors: Tsugu Toshimitsu , Tanaka Kaoru , Nagatomo Yuji , Belsack Dries , Argacha Jean‐François , Cosyns Bernard , De Maeseneer Michel , De Mey Johan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe ramus artery contributes to the development of turbulence, which may influence computed tomography (CT) derived fractional flow reserve (FFRCT) even without coronary artery disease (CAD). The relationship between ramus‐induced turbulence and FFRCT is unclear.Method and ResultsA total of 120 patients with <20% coronary stenosis assessed by both FFRCT and invasive coronary angiography were evaluated. The patients were divided into three groups: absent‐ramus (n = 72), small‐ramus that could not be analyzed by FFRCT (n = 18), and large‐ramus that could be analyzed by FFRCT (n = 30). FFRCT measurements were performed at the proximal and distal segments of the left anterior descending (LAD), left circumflex (LCX), and ramus artery. With absent‐ramus and small‐absent ramus groups, FFRCT was measured at the distal end of the left main trunk at the same level for the proximal segments of the LAD and LCX. In absent‐ramus group, proximal FFRCT showed no significant differences between three vessels (LAD = .96 ± .02; MID = .97 ± .02; LCX = .97 ± .02). However, in small and large‐ramus groups, proximal FFRCT was significantly higher in the ramus artery than LAD and LCX (small‐ramus, LAD = .95 ± .03, Ramus = .97 ± .02, LCX = .95 ± .03; large‐ramus: LAD = .95 ± .03, Ramus = .98 ± .01; LCX = .96 ± .03; p < .05). A large ramus was associated with a higher prevalence of a distal FFRCT ≤.80 (odds ratio 7.0, 95% CI 1.2–40.1, p = .03). A proximal ramus diameter predicted distal FFRCT ≤.80 (cut‐off 2.1 mm, AUC .76, sensitivity 100%, specificity 52%, 95% CI .61–.90).ConclusionsThe presence of a large‐ramus artery may cause an FFRCT decline in no apparent CAD.
Reproduction and production in a social context: Group size, reproductive skew and increasing returns
Authors: Lee Ronald , Chu C. Y. Cyrus 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEvolutionary success requires both production (acquisition of food, protection and warmth) and reproduction. We suggest that both may increase disproportionately as group size grows, reflecting ‘increasing returns’ or ‘group augmentation benefits’, raising fitness in groups that cooperate in production and limit reproduction to one or a few high fertility females supported by non‐reproductives, with high reproductive skew. In our optimisation theory both Allee effects (when individual fitness increases with group size or density) and reproductive skew arise when increasing returns determine optimal group size and proportion of reproductive females. Depending on which of food or maternal time is more important for reproduction, evolutionary trajectories of lineages may (1) reach a boundary constraint where only one female reproduces in a period (as with African wild dogs) or (2) reach a boundary where all females reproduce during their lifetimes but only during an early life stage (human menopause) or a late life stage (birds with non‐dispersing helpers), where stage length optimises the proportion of females that is reproductive at any time or (3) reach the intersection of these boundary constraints where a single reproductive female is fully specialised in reproduction (as with eusocial insects). We end with some testable hypotheses.
The structure and organisation of an Amazonian bird community remains little changed after nearly four decades in Manu National Park
Authors: Martínez Ari E. , Ponciano José M. , Gomez Juan P. , Valqui Thomas , Novoa Jorge , Antezana Mariamercedes , Biscarra Gabriela , Camerlenghi Ettore , Carnes Blaine H. , Huayanca Munarriz Renato , Parra Eliseo , Plummer Isabella M. , Fitzpatrick John W. , Robinson Scott K. , Socolar Jacob B. , Terborgh John 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDocumenting patterns of spatiotemporal change in hyper‐diverse communities remains a challenge for tropical ecology yet is increasingly urgent as some long‐term studies have shown major declines in bird communities in undisturbed sites. In 1982, Terborgh et al. quantified the structure and organisation of the bird community in a 97‐ha. plot in southeastern Peru. We revisited the same plot in 2018 using the same methodologies as the original study to evaluate community‐wide changes. Contrary to longitudinal studies of other neotropical bird communities (Tiputini, Manaus, and Panama), we found little change in community structure and organisation, with increases in 5, decreases in 2 and no change in 7 foraging guilds. This apparent stability suggests that large forest reserves such as the Manu National Park, possibly due to regional topographical influences on precipitation, still provide the conditions for establishing refugia from at least some of the effects of global change on bird communities.
Prevalence and clinical significance of increasing head height asymmetry as a measure of forelimb lameness in horses when trotting in a straight line after palmar digital nerve block
Authors: Kolding Susanne A. , Sørensen Johnny N. , Kramer Joanne , McCracken Megan J. , Reed Shannon K. , Keegan Kevin G. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundSome horses increase in forelimb lameness, measured as vertical head height asymmetry, or differences in maximums and minimums of head heights (HDmax, HDmin), after a palmar digital nerve (PDN) block. The prevalence of this finding, or what it means clinically, has not been reported in peer‐reviewed literature.ObjectivesTo estimate the prevalence of increasing head height asymmetry after a PDN block and determine if this is associated with cause of forelimb lameness.Study designRetrospective case series.MethodsHead height asymmetry, normalised to expected vertical head displacement, from inertial‐sensor data collections of all horses evaluated for forelimb lameness while trotting in a straight line at two different clinics were screened for cases that had an initial PDN block and then another more proximal block in the same limb during the same lameness evaluation. Medical records of the screened cases (n = 213) were evaluated to determine the cause of lameness. Prevalence of increasing head height asymmetry was calculated. Differences in lameness amplitude between groups of cases that remained unchanged (Group 1), that increased (Group 2), and that decreased (Group 3) in head height asymmetry before and after the initial PDN block were compared (Kruskal‐Wallis). Determination of the location of the cause of lameness and final diagnoses of cases were compared between Group 1 and Group 2 (chi‐squared tests of independence).ResultsThe PDN block increased head height asymmetry at a prevalence of 32.5% (95% CI = 24.5%–41.5%) and 13.8% (95% CI = 7.3%–22.9%), in clinic 1 and 2, respectively. Increasing head height asymmetry after an initial PDN block did not predict localization of the cause of forelimb lameness or specific diagnosis (p = 0.1), other than indicating that it is unlikely to be in the foot (p = 0.02).Main limitationsStudy samples consisted primarily of Warmbloods (clinic 1) and Quarter Horses (clinic 2). Analysis of blocking induced changes was limited to straight line trot only.ConclusionsIncreasing head height asymmetry after PDN block is common during forelimb lameness evaluations. Other than indicating that the cause of lameness is more proximal in the blocked forelimb, this does not help determine the final diagnosis.
Treatment of racehorse superficial digital flexor tendonitis: A comparison of stem cell treatments to controlled exercise rehabilitation in 213 cases
Authors: Salz Rachel O. , Elliott Christopher R. B. , Zuffa Tomas , Bennet Euan D. , Ahern Benjamin J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundOverstrain of the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) is a common Thoroughbred racehorse limb injury requiring treatment.ObjectivesTo determine whether treatment of SDFT lesions in flat Thoroughbred racehorses with autologous bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM‐MSCs) or allogenic adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (A‐MSCs) is associated with improved likelihood of returning to racing, when compared to racehorses managed with a controlled exercise rehabilitation program (CERP) alone.Study designRetrospective cohort study combining clinical treatment records with race records.MethodsA total of 213 Thoroughbred racehorses were identified. All were prescribed the same 12‐month CERP and 66 also received intralesional BM‐MSC and 17 A‐MSC treatment. Follow‐up was a minimum of 2 years after return to full race training. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to investigate associations between the treatments and the likelihood of returning to racing and completing five or more (C5+) races post‐injury.ResultsCompared to CERP alone, BM‐MSC treatment was associated with increased odds of returning to racing (OR 3.19; 95% CI 1.55–6.81) and C5+ races post‐injury (OR 2.64; 95% CI 1.32–5.33). Older age and increasing lesion length were associated with a reduced likelihood of returning to racing. Male sex and increased number of pre‐injury starts were associated with increased odds of returning to racing. There was no observed increased likelihood of return to racing or C5+ races associated with treatment with A‐MSCs compared to CERP alone.Main limitationsDue to the retrospective nature of the study it was not possible to ascertain how strictly the CERP was followed. Due to the novelty of the method, the A‐MSC treatment group included a limited number of horses.ConclusionsIn the study population, intralesional BM‐MSC treatment was significantly associated with an increased likelihood of returning to racing and C5+ races post‐injury compared to CERP alone. Intralesional A‐MSC showed no significant association between treatment and the two investigated outcomes.