bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-canonical RNA substrates of Drosha lack many of the conserved features found in primary microRNA stem-loops
Authors: Gu Karen , Mok Lawrence , Wakefield Matthew J. , Chong Mark M.W. 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTThe RNase III enzyme Drosha has a central role in microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis, where it is required to release the stem-loop intermediate from primary (pri)-miRNA transcripts. However, it can also cleave stem-loops embedded within messenger (m)RNAs. This destabilizes the mRNA causing target gene repression and appears to occur primarily in stem cells. While pri-miRNA stem-loops have been extensively studied, such non-canonical substrates of Drosha have yet to characterized in detail. In this study, we employed high-throughput sequencing to capture all polyA-tailed RNAs that are cleaved by Drosha in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and compared the features of non-canonical versus miRNA stem-loop substrates. First, mRNA substrates are less efficiently processed than miRNA stem-loops. Sequence and structural analyses revealed that these mRNA substrates are also less stable and more likely to fold into alternative structures than miRNA stem-loops. Moreover, they lack the sequence and structural motifs found in miRNAs stem-loops that are required for precise cleavage. Notably, we discovered a non-canonical Drosha substrate that is cleaved in an inverse manner, which is a process that is normally inhibited by features in miRNA stem-loops. Our study thus provides valuable insights into the recognition of non-canonical targets by Drosha.
Disruption of P2Y2 signaling promotes breast tumor cell dissemination by reducing ATP-dependent calcium elevation and actin localization to cell junctions
Authors: Mull Makenzy L. , Pratt Stephen J.P. , Thompson Keyata N. , Annis David A. , Gad Abanoub A. , Lee Rachel M. , Chang Katarina T. , Stemberger Megan B. , Ju Julia A. , Gilchrist Darin E. , Boyman Liron , Vitolo Michele I. , Lederer W. Jonathan , Martin Stuart S. 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTThe tumor microenvironment and wound healing after injury both contain extremely high concentrations of the extracellular signaling molecule, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) compared to normal tissue. P2Y2 receptor, an ATP-activated purinergic receptor, is typically associated with pulmonary, endothelial, and neurological cell signaling. Here we report its role and importance in breast epithelial cell signaling and how it is altered in metastatic breast cancer. In response to ATP activation, P2Y2 receptor signaling causes an increase of intracellular Ca2+in non-tumorigenic breast epithelial cells, while their tumorigenic and metastatic counterparts have significantly reduced Ca2+responses. The non-tumorigenic cells respond to increased Ca2+with actin polymerization and localization to cell edges, while the metastatic cells remained unaffected. The increase in intracellular Ca2+after ATP stimulation was blunted using a P2Y2 antagonist, which also prevented actin mobilization and caused cell dissemination from spheroids in non-tumorigenic breast epithelial cells. Furthermore, the lack of Ca2+concentration changes and actin mobilization in the metastatic breast cancer cells could be due to reduced P2Y2 expression, which correlates with poorer overall survival in breast cancer patients. This study elucidates rapid changes that occur after elevated intracellular Ca2+in breast epithelial cells and how metastatic cancer cells have adapted to evade this cellular response.
Fornix fractional anisotropy mediates the association between Mediterranean diet adherence and memory four years later in older adults without dementia
Authors: Ruiz-Rizzo Adriana L. , Finke Kathrin , Damoiseaux Jessica S. , Bartels Claudia , Buerger Katharina , Cosma Nicoleta Carmen , Dechent Peter , Dobisch Laura , Ewers Michael , Fliessbach Klaus , Frommann Ingo , Glanz Wenzel , Goerss Doreen , Hetzer Stefan , Incesoy Enise I. , Janowitz Daniel , Kilimann Ingo , Laske Christoph , Melo van Lent Debora , Munk Matthias H. J. , Peters Oliver , Priller Josef , Ramirez Alfredo , Rostamzadeh Ayda , Roy Nina , Scheffler Klaus , Schneider Anja , Spottke Annika , Spruth Eike Jakob , Teipel Stefan , Wagner Michael , Wiltfang Jens , Yakupov Renat , Jessen Frank , Duezel Emrah , Perneczky Robert , Rauchmann Boris-Stephan ,   the DELCODE study group
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTHere, we investigated whether fractional anisotropy (FA) of hippocampus-relevant white-matter tracts mediates the association between baseline Mediterranean diet adherence (MeDiAd) and verbal episodic memory over four years. Participants were healthy older adults with and without subjective cognitive decline and patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment from the DELCODE cohort study (n= 376; age: 71.47 ± 6.09 years; 48.7% female). MeDiAd and diffusion data were obtained at baseline. Verbal episodic memory was assessed at baseline and four yearly follow-ups. The associations between baseline MeDiAd and white matter, and verbal episodic memory’smeanandrate of changeover four years were tested with latent growth curve modeling. Baseline MeDiAd was associated with verbal episodic memory four years later (95% confidence interval, CI [0.01, 0.32]) but not with its rate of change over this period. Baseline Fornix FA mediated – and, thus, explained – that association (95% CI [0.002, 0.09]). Fornix FA may be an appropriate response biomarker of Mediterranean diet interventions on verbal memory in older adults.
The evidence of trace amounts of methane of uncertain origin released from cerambycid larvae ofStictoleptura rubra
Authors: Walczyńska Aleksandra , Purdy Kevin , Nęcki Jarosław 
Published: April 2023

AbstractInsects release methane as a result of their symbiosis with methanogenic microorganisms. This phenomenon has been well studied in termites but is still poorly known in other insects, among which the most likely methane producers are wood-feeders. We applied two methodological approaches to examine whether the wood-feeding larvae ofStictoleptura rubra(Cerambycidae, Coleoptera) release methane. By means of the precise gas chromatography we detected a methane release at the rate of 0.02-0.05 nmol/g×hr. We also investigated the gut Archaea assemblage by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and T-RFLP analysis. Halophilic archaea but no known methanogens were detected. Combined with our chromatographic studies showing small but significant amount of methane release, one possible explanation is that the detected archaeons are methanogenic although this is unlikely. Our results offer the first evidence of methane release by a longhorn (cerambycid) beetle, which may be the small amounts of methane all organisms produce abiotically but the actual mechanism of this consistent methanogenesis remains intriguingly unknown.Originality-Significance StatementThe research presented here goes beyond the long-established tracks on the symbiotic basis of insect methanogenesis and shows that there are areas still scarcely covered so far, with great exploratory potential.
Buffer allocation in construction projects: a disruption mitigation approach
Authors: Zarghami Seyed Ashkan , Zwikael Ofer 
Published: April 2023

PurposeA variety of buffer allocation methods exist to distribute an aggregated time buffer among project activities. However, these methods do not pay simultaneous attention to two key attributes of disruptive events that may occur during the construction phase: probability and impact. This paper fills this research gap by developing a buffer allocation method that takes into account the synergistic impact of these two attributes on project activities.Design/methodology/approachThis paper develops a three-step method, calculating the probability that project activities are disrupted in the first step, followed by measuring the potential impact of disruption on project activities, and then proposing a risk-informed buffer allocation index by simultaneously integrating probability and impact outputs from the first two steps.FindingsThe proposed method provides more accurate results by sidestepping the shortcomings of conventional fuzzy-based and simulation-based methods that are purely based on expert judgments or historical precedence. Further, the paper provides decision-makers with a buffer allocation method that helps in developing cost-effective buffering and backup strategies by prioritizing project activities and their required resources.Originality/valueThis paper develops a risk-informed buffer allocation method that differs from those already available. The simultaneous pursuit of the probability and impact of disruptions distinguishes our method from conventional buffer allocation methods. Further, this paper intertwines the research domains of complexity science and construction management by performing centrality analysis and incorporating a key attribute of project complexity (i.e. the interconnectedness between project activities) into the process for buffer allocation.
Applications of metaverse-related technologies in the services of US urban libraries
Authors: Guo Yajun , Yuan Yiming , Li Shuai , Guo Yiruo , Fu Yiyang , Jin Zihan 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand the applications of metaverse-related technologies in US urban libraries, explore excellent cases of US urban libraries' practices in using metaverse-related technologies to serve patrons and try to find the factor that may affect the application of metaverse-related technologies in libraries at this stage.Design/methodology/approachTo gather information about how and whether libraries use metaverse-related technologies such as three-dimensional (3D) technology, radio frequency identification (RFID), virtual reality augmented reality (AR) and artificial intelligence (AI) in their services. Firstly, the authors visit 150 US urban library websites that are members of the Urban Libraries Council. Secondly, the authors calculate the proportion of services provided by urban libraries that use metaverse-related technologies and introduce outstanding cases. Lastly, the authors discuss the factors that influence the application of metaverse-related technologies in urban libraries in the United States based on data published by the Institute of Museum and Library Services.FindingsMetaverse-related technologies have been widely used in US urban libraries, but there are differences in the popularity of the applications of different technologies. In all, 84% of libraries use 3D technology, mainly in 3D printing services and 3D model building services; 76% of libraries use virtual and augmented reality technologies in their services, mainly concentrated in head-mounted VR device experiences, AR device experiences, virtual tours and virtual exhibitions; 62% of libraries use Internet of things (IoT) technology, mainly in self-checkout machines and book location services. However, AI technologies are less used in libraries, with 28% of libraries mentioning the applications of AI in their services, mainly focusing on intelligent search, virtual assistants and robot librarians. In addition, this study finds that library operating expenditures and population served do not affect the application of metaverse-related technologies in libraries.Originality/valueThis paper provides updated statistical data on the use of metaverse-related technologies in US urban libraries and aims to help library managers understand the overall applications and best practices. With this as an inspiration, they could formulate corresponding development plans to better serve their communities with metaverse-related technologies.
The Lexicon of Emoji? Conventionality Modulates Processing of Emoji
Authors: Weissman Benjamin , Engelen Jan , Baas Elise , Cohn Neil 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEmoji have been ubiquitous in communication for over a decade, yet how they derive meaning remains underexplored. Here, we examine an aspect fundamental to linguistic meaning‐making: the degree to which emoji have conventional lexicalized meanings and whether that conventionalization affects processing in real‐time. Experiment 1 establishes a range of meaning agreement levels across emoji within a population; Experiment 2 measures accuracy and response times to word‐emoji pairings in a match/mismatch task. In this experiment, we found that accuracy and response time both correlated significantly with the level of population‐wide meaning agreement from Experiment 1, suggesting that lexical access of single emoji may be comparable to that of words, even out of context. This is consistent with theories of a multimodal lexicon that stores links between meaning, structure, and modality in long‐term memory. Altogether, these findings suggest that emoji can allow a range of entrenched, lexicalized representations.
Antibacterial sachet from the β‐Cyclodextrin/lemongrass oil inclusion complex for shrimp freshness
Authors: Yunilawati Retno , Handayani Windri , Oktarina Eva , Imawan Cuk , Rahmi Dwinna , Umar Aminah , Fauzia Vivi 
Published: April 2023

SummaryAntibacterial sachets are one of the technological approaches to maintaining food freshness by releasing active compounds through the headspace to inhibit bacterial growth. In this study, an antibacterial sachet was developed from the inclusion complex of β‐cyclodextrin/lemongrass oil (β‐CD/LO) to maintain the freshness of shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). The β‐CD/LO inclusion complex was prepared using the co‐precipitation method. The antibacterial sachet was prepared by filling a nonwoven fabric bag with 1 g of the β‐CD/LO inclusion complex, inserted inside the shrimp packaging, and stored for 30 h at room temperature. The total volatile base nitrogen (TVBN) value was monitored as a spoilage indicator caused by bacterial activity during storage. The inclusion complex had antimicrobial activity against E. coli ATCC 8739 and S. aureus ATCC25923 which correlates with its ability to inhibit shrimp spoilage due to bacterial activity. The release study suggested that the inclusion complex exhibited a sustainable release of active compounds, ensuring protection against evaporation and maintaining the active compound for a long time. The TVBN value of the control shrimp had exceeded the threshold (>25 mg/100 g) after 18 h of storage, whereas in the packaged shrimp with the addition of antibacterial sachets, the same TVBN levels were reached after 30 h. The shelf life of shrimp can be extended up to 12 h at room temperature (28 ± 2 °C) because the active compounds reach the surface of the shrimp in a controlled manner so that bacterial growth can be inhibited.
Analysis of changes in gel properties during retrogradation of four kinds of sorghum starch
Authors: Zhang Hongwei , Gao Fei , Li Xiaoqiang , Li Xin , Liu Ziwei , Zou Xiangyu , Jin Limei , Li Zhijiang , Wang Lidong 
Published: April 2023

SummaryIn this study, four kinds of sorghum starch gels containing different amylose were taken as the research objects and stored for 28 days. The parameter changes of gel properties during the retrogradation of different varieties of sorghum starches were observed using X‐ray diffraction, Low‐field nuclear magnetic resonance, textural, rheological and anti‐enzymatic hydrolysis capacity studies to construct kinetic models for the retrogradation. The results showed that the degree of retrogradation, crystallinity and anti‐enzymatic hydrolysis capacity of sorghum starch increased with the prolongation of storage time, and the crystal forms of H5 (Hongnuo No. 5 sorghum) and L13 (Longza No.13 sorghum) starch changed from type A to B. Among the four kinds of starch, L13 starch had the highest degree of retrogradation, and H5 starch had the strongest recrystallisation ability. The hardness of L13 retrograded starch gel grew fastest with increasing storage time, while the viscoelasticity of H1 (Hongnuo No.1 sorghum) retrograded starch showed a stable trend. Low‐field nuclear magnetic resonance was used to detect that the L1 (Longmiliang No.1 sorghum) retrograded starch gel had more free water. The crystallisation rate was positively correlated with hardness, resistant starch content and crystallinity and negatively correlated with springiness, gumminess and resilience.
Authentic leadership, organizational culture and the effects of hospital quality management practices on quality of care and patient satisfaction
Authors: Tate Kaitlyn , Penconek Tatiana , Dias Bruna Moreno , Cummings Greta G. , Bernardes Andrea 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimTo examine the influence of hospital culture and authentic leadership on the effects of quality improvement practices on patient satisfaction.BackgroundNurses in formal leadership roles shape and are shaped by organizational culture to achieve high performance standards to influence quality of care.DesignUsing structural equation modelling, we tested a model on quality improvement practices across three participant groups that differed based on authentic leadership and hospital culture.MethodsWe used survey data from a cross‐sectional study conducted in 2015 measuring nurse. Managers' perceptions of authentic leadership, implementation of quality improvement, and organizational culture in Canadian hospitals.Results226 nurse managers participated. Our model estimations fit for the high‐relational group and mixed group. Our model explained 50.7% and 39.5% variance in our outcome variable of patient satisfaction for the high‐relational group and mixed group, respectively. Our model failed to fit the low‐relational group.ConclusionAuthentic leadership and developmental/group hospital cultures improve quality management practices, quality of care and patient satisfaction. In organizations with low authentic leadership and hierarchical/rational cultures, strategies should target increasing authentic leadership and shifting to developmental cultures. Organizations with high authentic leadership and/or developmental/group cultures should target employee engagement, autonomy and teamwork.ImpactWe examined how different combinations of authentic leadership and hospital culture influence the effects of quality management practices on quality improvement and patient satisfaction. Findings demonstrate that having both high authentic leadership and developmental or group hospital cultures are essential for quality improvement practices to enhance the quality of care and patient satisfaction. These organizations would benefit the most from systemic programs aimed at standardizing quality management practices as they have the culture and leadership to support these practices. For hospitals with hierarchical/rational cultures and/or low authentic leadership, enhancing hospital culture and leadership through leadership training and accreditation programs is critically needed.Patient or Public ContributionThe College and Association of Registered Nurses of Alberta contributed to this study by facilitating data collection and supporting the conduct of the study through messaging to its members.
Antenatal multiple micronutrient supplements versus iron‐folic acid supplements and birth outcomes: Analysis by gestational age assessment method
Authors: Gomes Filomena , Askari Sufia , Black Robert E. , Christian Parul , Dewey Kathryn G. , Mwangi Martin N. , Rana Ziaul , Reed Sarah , Shankar Anuraj H. , Smith Emily R. , Tumilowicz Alison 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMeta‐analyses consistently have found that antenatal multiple micronutrient supplementation (MMS) compared with iron and folic acid (IFA) alone reduce adverse birth outcomes. In 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) placed a conditional recommendation for MMS and requested additional trials using ultrasounds to establish gestational age, because the evidence on low birthweight (LBW), preterm birth and small for gestational age (SGA) was considered inconsistent. We conducted meta‐analyses to determine if the effects of MMS on LBW, preterm birth and SGA differed by gestational age assessment method. Using data from the 16 trials in the WHO analyses, we calculated the effect estimates of MMS versus IFA on birth outcomes (generic inverse variance method and random effects model) stratified by method of gestational age assessment: ultrasound, prospective collection of the date of last menstrual period (LMP) and confirmation of pregnancy by urine test and recall of LMP. The effects of MMS versus IFA on birthweight, preterm birth and SGA appeared consistent across subgroups with no evidence of subgroup differences (p > 0.05). When limited to the seven trials that used ultrasound, the beneficial effects of MMS were demonstrated: risk ratios of 0.87 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.78–0.97) for LBW, 0.90 (95% CI, 0.79–1.03) for preterm birth and 0.9 (95% CI, 0.83–0.99) for SGA. Sensitivity analyses indicated consistency in the results. These results, together with recent analyses demonstrating comparable effects of MMS (vs. IFA) on maternal anaemia outcomes, strengthen the evidence to support a transition from IFA to MMS programmes in low‐ and middle‐income countries.
Using multimodal language learning histories to understand learning experiences and beliefs of second language learners in Japan
Authors: Umino Tae 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study explores the possibilities of using digitally produced multimodal language learning histories (MLLHs) to understand the experiences of learning a second language (L2) of a group of university students in Japan (N = 21). The study observes that learners’ MLLHs are texts in which the visual elements of language, place, person, learning resource, and self‐analysis of learning process are represented visually. It also identifies 4 patterns in the ways the MLLHs are constructed by focusing on a certain type of visual element. Person‐oriented MLLHs focus on L2 learning as emotional experience. In resource‐oriented MLLHs, learning is perceived to occur because of engaging with language via favorite media. In analysis‐oriented MLLHs, learning is regarded as a matter of going up and down the scale of linguistic measures. Place‐oriented MLLHs emphasize being on site at an L2‐speaking region as being the key in the era of globalization and mobility. These patterns reflect learners’ beliefs on L2 learning as viewed from a contextual perspective. This study further argues that a multimodal approach can have a significant influence on making visible learners’ subjective perspectives and beliefs as lenses through which they frame their learning experiences, as well as visualizing the dynamics and individualities of learning.
Pediatric pyoderma gangrenosum associated with leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 1: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Smith Kristin N. , Welborn Macartney , Monir Reesa L. , Motaparthi Kiran , Schoch Jennifer J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPyoderma gangrenosum is a rare neutrophilic dermatosis characterized by painful skin ulcers with necrotic, undermined margins. In severe cases, particularly in pediatric patients, work‐up for an associated autoimmune, inflammatory, malignant, or genetic disorder should be considered based on the clinical presentation. We report a unique case of pediatric pyoderma gangrenosum with a leukemoid reaction, secondary to an autosomal recessive leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 1.