bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing online and face-to-face administration of a neuropsychological computerized attention test: Assessment modality does not influence performance
Authors: Negrini Daniel , Schmidt Sergio L. 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundThe cognitive impairment associated with the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for teleneuropsychology (1). Moreover, neurologic diseases associated with mental deterioration usually require the use of the same neuropsychological instrument to assess cognitive changes across time. Therefore, in such cases, a learning effect upon retesting is not desired. Attention and its subdomains can be measured using Go/no-go tests, such as, the Continuous Visual Attention Test (CVAT). Here, we administered the CVAT to investigate the effect of modality (online vs. face-to-face) on attentional performance. The variables of the CVAT measures four attention domains: focused-attention, behavioral-inhibition, intrinsic-alertness (reaction time, RT), and sustained-attention (intra-individual variability of RTs, VRT).MethodsThe CVAT was applied face-to face and online in 130 adult Americans and 50 adult Brazilians. Three different study designs were used: (1) Between-subjects design: healthy Americans were tested face-to-face (n = 88) or online (n = 42). We verified if there were any differences between the two modalities. (2) Within-subjects design: Brazilians participants (n = 50) were tested twice (online and face-to-face). For each CVAT variable, repeated measures ANCOVAs were performed to verify whether modality or first vs. second tests differ. Agreement was analyzed using Kappa, intraclass correlation coefficients, and Bland–Altman plots. (3) Paired comparisons: we compared Americans vs. Brazilians, pairing subjects by age, sex, and level of education, grouping by modality.ResultsAssessment modality did not influence performance using two independent samples (between-subjects design) or the same individual tested twice (within-subjects design). The second test and the first test did not differ. Data indicated significant agreements for the VRT variable. Based on paired samples, Americans did not differ from Brazilians and a significant agreement was found for the VRT variable.ConclusionThe CVAT can be administered online or face-to-face without learning upon retesting. The data on agreement (online vs. face-to-face, test vs. retest, Americans vs. Brazilians) indicate that VRT is the most reliable variable.LimitationsHigh educational level of the participants and absence of a perfect balanced within-subjects design.
Core of sensory gating deficits in first-episode schizophrenia: attention dysfunction
Authors: Ding Yushen , Tian Qing , Hou Wenpeng , Chen Zhenzhu , Mao Zhen , Bo Qijing , Dong Fang , Wang Chuanyue 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundSensory gating deficits are a common feature of schizophrenia and may be indicative of higher-order psychopathological impairments. It has been proposed that incorporating subjective attention components into prepulse inhibition (PPI) measures may improve the accuracy of assessing these deficits. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between modified PPI and cognitive function, with a specific focus on subjective attention, to gain a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of sensory processing deficits in schizophrenia.MethodsFifty-four unmedicated first-episode schizophrenia (UMFE) patients and 53 healthy controls participated in this study. The modified Prepulse Inhibition paradigm, including Perceived Spatial Separation PPI (PSSPPI) and Perceived Spatial Colocation PPI (PSCPPI), was used to evaluate sensorimotor gating deficits. Cognitive function was assessed in all participants using the Chinese version of the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Suite Test (MCCB).ResultsUMFE patients had lower MCCB scores and deficient PSSPPI scores than healthy controls. PSSPPI was negatively correlated with total PANSS scores and positively correlated with the speed of processing, attention/ vigilance, and social cognition. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the PSSPPI at 60 ms had a significant effect on attentional/ vigilance and social cognition, even after controlling for gender, age, years of education, and smoking.ConclusionThe study revealed notable impairments in sensory gating and cognitive function in UMFE patients, best reflected by the PSSPPI measure. Specifically, PSSPPI at 60 ms was significantly associated with both clinical symptoms and cognitive performance, suggesting that PSSPPI at 60 ms may capture psychopathological symptoms related to psychosis.
Perceived quality of care for severe acute malnutrition management among caregivers of under-five children with severe acute malnutrition in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2022: a mixed-method study
Authors: Adema Bulcha Guye , Atnafu Niguse Tadele , Ashagre Feven Mulugeta 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionAll the factors at the institutional, provider, and client levels have an impact on the quality of care. In low- and middle-income countries, poor quality of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) management at health institutions is a major contributor to child morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to determine the perceived quality of care for SAM management among caregivers of under-five children.MethodsThis study was conducted in public health facilities that provide inpatient SAM management in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. An institution-based convergent mixed-method study design was implemented. Quantitative data were analyzed by using a logistic regression model, while thematic analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data.ResultsA total of 181 caregivers and 15 healthcare providers were recruited. The overall perceived quality of care for SAM management was 55.80% (CI: 48.5–63.10). Urban residence (AOR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.16–0.66), college and above level education (AOR = 4.42, 95% CI: 1.41–13.86), working as a government employee (AOR = 2.72, 95% CI: 1.05–7.05), readmitted to the hospital (AOR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.23–0.94), and length of hospital stays &gt;7 days (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.01–4.27) were found to be significantly associated factors with perceived low-quality care for SAM management. Additionally, lack of support and attention from higher levels of management, and lack of supplements, separate units, and laboratory facilities were among the factors that impede the provision of quality care.DiscussionPerceived quality of SAM management services was low against the national goal of quality improvement to meet the expectations of both internal and external clients. Rural residents, those with more educational qualifications, government employees, newly admitted patients, and patients who stayed longer in hospitals were the most unsatisfied groups. Improving support and logistic supply to health facilities, providing client-centered care, and responding to caregivers' demands may help to improve quality and satisfaction.
Child DNA methylation in a randomised controlled trial of a video-feedback intervention to promote positive parenting and sensitive discipline (VIPP-SD)
Authors: Braithwaite Elizabeth C. , Cole Jessica , Murgatroyd Christopher , Wright Nicky , O’Farrelly Christine , Barker Beth , Ramchandani Paul 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionA major modifiable risk factor for behavioural difficulties is harsh and insensitive parenting, and it has been hypothesised that the biological mechanism by which parenting influences child behaviour is via changes in the child's DNA methylation. We attempted to, in part, address the hypothesis that parenting is associated with child DNA methylation and, in turn, behaviour.MethodsPrimary caregivers of young children with behavioural difficulties (children aged 12–36 months) were randomised to receive a video-feedback Intervention to promote Positive Parenting and Sensitive Discipline (VIPP-SD) (n = 151), or usual care (n = 149). Child buccal samples were collected at a 2-year post-randomisation follow up (children aged 3–5 years, VIPP-SD group n = 106, usual care group n = 117) and were assessed for DNA methylation at the NR3C1, FKBP5 and OXYR genes. Child behaviour was assessed at baseline, post-intervention and 2-years post-randomisation using the Preschool Parental Account of Children's Symptoms (PPACS). We examined group differences in DNA methylation, associations of DNA methylation with behaviour, and sex differences.ResultsFor the NR3C1 and OXYR genes, there were no group differences, sex differences, or associations of DNA methylation with child behaviour, though all non-significant findings were in the hypothesised direction. For FKBP5 DNA methylation, there was a significant interaction between group and sex, such that males in the usual care group had higher DNA methylation than females, but in the intervention group females had higher DNA methylation than males. However, FKBP5 DNA methylation was not associated with behaviour in males or females.DiscussionWe provide the first evidence from a randomised controlled trial focused on improving parenting for sex-specific changes in child DNA methylation at a key gene involved in stress reactivity and psychopathology. This study adds to our understanding of causal mechanisms linking parenting with child behaviour, which is important for developing targeted interventions. A key limitation is that child DNA methylation was only assessed at one time point, so we were unable to assess change in DNA methylation over time. However, we demonstrate that is possible to collect and analyse DNA samples from families with young children receiving parenting interventions in the community, providing impetus for further research on this topic.
Epidemiological characteristics of bovine besnoitiosis (Besnoitia besnoiti) in a beef cattle farm: a cross-sectional serological assessment
Authors: Coelho Joana , Domingues Joana , Waap Helga , Stilwell George 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundBovine besnoitiosis is an emerging disease caused by the protozoa Besnoitia besnoiti that can have a serious economic impact on affected farms. The fact that there is no effective vaccine nor treatment, along with the lack of consistent epidemiologic data, renders the implementation of preventive medicine and control strategies much harder.ObjectivesA cross-sectional serological assessment was performed to better understand the distribution and prevalence of this parasite in a large beef cattle farm in Portugal and to establish some epidemiological characteristics of besnoitiosis.MethodsA random blood sampling of 450 animals from a farm that keeps around 2,000 cattle head was performed and sera were submitted to an indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT). Data on breed, age, sex, and birthplace of the tested animals and their mothers were recorded.ResultsThe overall prevalence of positive animals was 16.89%, with significant differences between under 1-year-old calves (4.8%) and adults (19.67%). A higher antibody prevalence was shown in animals 1–2 years and &gt;7 years old, in Salers breed and in cows imported from France or whose mothers had come from this country. Calves under 1 year old and crossbreed animals with ancestry born in the current farm presented the lowest antibody prevalence.Discussion and conclusionsThe most significant risk factors revealed were age (&gt;7 years old) and breed (Salers). Genetic studies should be carried out in order to confirm whether indeed there is a breed susceptibility to bovine besnoitiosis. We suggest that similar studies should be performed across southern Europe to establish strong epidemiologic data that would allow a rigorous transnational control program to be launched.
Application Effectiveness of Segment IV Portal Vein Reconstruction for Early Postoperative Liver Function Recovery in Split Liver Transplantation
Authors: Muhammad Imran , Rehman Faisal U. L. , Wang Feng , Xiong Xiaopeng , Lianghao Zhang , Jinzhen Cai 
Published: April 2023

The objective of this study was to investigate the significance of portal vein reconstruction in segment IV of the liver on early postoperative liver function recovery in split liver transplantation. The clinical data of patients of right trilobe split liver transplantation in our center were analyzed and divided into two groups, including a group without portal vein reconstruction and a group with portal vein reconstruction. Clinical data of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), albumin (ALB), creatinine (Cr), total bilirubin (TB), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl Transferase (GGT), lactic acid (Lac), and international normalized ratio (INR) levels were analyzed. The technique of segment IV portal vein reconstruction is beneficial to the early postoperative recovery of liver function. Statistically, there was no significant effect of portal vein reconstruction in the IV segment of the liver on the recovery of liver function within 1 week after split liver transplantation. There was no significant difference in survival rate between the control group and reconstruction group over the 6 months follow-up period after surgery.
Thioredoxin Is a New Target for the Phytotoxicity of Small Lactone Mycotoxins, Patulin and Penicillic Acid on Maize Seedlings
Authors: Ismaiel Ahmed A. , Papenbrock Jutta 
Published: April 2023

The phytotoxic mechanisms of patulin (PAT) and penicillic acid (PA) have not been identified unambiguously. This study aims to clarify their effects on thioredoxins (Trxs). Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), PAT and PA were isolated by solvent extraction and chromatographic techniques from the cultures of Aspergillus flavus Z2 (LC171449), Penicillium vulpinum CM1 and Aspergillus ochraceus EMCC516, respectively. The three mycotoxins showed phytotoxicity to the germination of maize seeds, which was manifested by inhibiting radicle and coleoptile emergence, in addition to their toxic effects on fresh weights and root and shoot lengths. The phytotoxicity of AFB1 and PAT was greater than that of PA. Due to the central roles exhibited by plant Trxs in cellular metabolic activities, they were tested as target proteins for PAT and PA using AFB1 as positive control. In vivo studies showed that the mycotoxins significantly reduced Trx activity measured in the roots and shoots of maize seedlings. PAT showed greater Trx-inhibiting activity than PA and AFB1. In vitro studies of the mycotoxins on Trx y1 (from Arabidopsis thaliana) and thioredoxin reductase (Tr, from rat liver) activities confirm the results of in vivo studies. The inactivation of Trx with PAT and PA was reduced in the presence of glutathione (GSH). Data obtained suggest that lactone mycotoxins are more highly reactive with simple low-molecular-weight thiols (like GSH) than with complex ones (like Trx).
Leclercia adecarboxylata in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: A Systematic Review
Authors: Dotis John , Kondou Antonia , Karava Vasiliki , Sotiriou Georgia , Papadopoulou Athina , Zarras Charalampos , Michailidou Chrysi , Vagdatli Eleni , Printza Nikoleta 
Published: April 2023

Background: Leclercia adecarboxylata is a Gram-negative bacillus that can rarely cause infections in humans. We recently treated a case of peritonitis due to L. adecarboxylata in a peritoneal dialysis (PD) pediatric patient, and we systematically reviewed all the relevant reported cases in the literature. Methods: We searched the PubMed and Scopus databases, and we reviewed 13 such cases (2 children, 11 adults) that were reported, including our patient. Results: The mean (±SE) age was 53.2 ± 22.5 years, with a male-to-female ratio of approximately 1:1.6. Their mean vintage period on PD prior to L. adecarboxylata peritonitis was 37.5 ± 25.3 months. The VITEK card was the identification diagnostic tool in most cases (63%). The antimicrobial agent that was most frequently used was ceftazidime, which was implemented in 50% of cases as initial therapy, either as a monotherapy or combination therapy; in only two patients (15.3%) was the Tenkhoff catheter removed. The median duration of treatment was 18 days (range of 10–21 days), and all 13 patients that were reviewed were healed. Conclusions: Physicians should be aware that L. adecarboxylata is noted to rarely cause peritonitis in PD patients; however, this pathogen seems to be sensitive to most antimicrobial agents and can result in a favorable outcome with the selection of appropriate treatment.
Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Sagittaria trifolia L. to Phytotoxic Ethyl Acetate Fungal Extract from Curvularia lunata Strain CLST-01
Authors: Wang Kai , Xu Chang , Li Dongyang , Gu Zumin 
Published: April 2023

Curvularia lunata (No. CLST-01), a fungal pathogen isolated from the threeleaf arrowhead (Sagittaria trifolia L.), has been proposed as a potential mycoherbicide for grass weeds. This paper investigated the physiological and biochemical effects of CLST-01 phytotoxic ethyl acetate fungi extract on the leaves of the threeleaf arrowhead. The results showed that the ethyl acetate fungi extract from CLST-01 can accelerate damage to the cell membrane, increase the production of malondialdehyde, and damage the cellular structure, which could decrease the number of chloroplasts after 96 h treatments. In addition, the content of chlorophyll was reduced by 49.5%, and the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate were inhibited. The rates of inhibition were 90.13%, 83.74%, and 79.31%, respectively, and the intercellular CO2 concentration increased by 51.87% on Day 9 after treatment with a concentration of 200 μg/mL. In summary, the phytotoxic ethyl acetate fungal extract from C. lunata CLST-01 can inhibit the photosynthesis of the threeleaf arrowhead leaves, destroy the ultrastructure of leaves, and affect the growth of this invasive weed. Therefore, it has the potential to be developed into a mycoherbicide for weed control in crops as a natural photosynthetic inhibitor.
Uma família brasileira com miopatia centronuclear por mutação no gene DNM2
Authors: Monteiro Ana Karoline da Costa , Gondim Francisco de Assis Aquino 
Published: April 2023

Introdução. A forma autossômica dominante de miopatia centronuclear devido a mutações no gene dinamina 2 pode ser de gravidade variável Objetivo. Caracterizar os achados clínicos e eletrodiagnósticos de uma família portadora da mutação da dinamina 2 (c.1393C>T, p.Arg465Trp). Método. Estudo descritivo, realizado no Hospital Universitario Walter Cantídio, Fortaleza, Ceará. Resultados. Paciente apresentou desenvolvimento normal até os 9 anos, quando progrediu para fraqueza nos membros, quedas frequentes e piora da marcha, confinada aos 42 anos a uma cadeira de rodas. A eletroneuromiografia mostrou padrão miopático. Conclusão. O caso evoluiu para um fenótipo grave, demonstrando a variabilidade clínica quanto a progressão dos sintomas.
Systems Thinking and Integrated Thinking for Integrated Reporting
Authors: Singh Nikita , Skae F. Owen , Pearse Noel 
Published: April 2023

Industries and institutions are under pressure to do no harm in their processes of value creation, capture and delivery whilst actively limiting the harm their operations cause. As a consequence, and in the quest for more accountable, sustainable and humane behaviour, industries and institutions are being increasingly called upon to report on their operations in an integrated manner. Integrated reports combine information on the financial and non-financial aspects of firm performance with the purpose of showing how an organisation creates, preserves or erodes value over time. Such a report is usually of interest to providers of financial capital wishing to understand the wider impacts of the organisation, but are now becoming a document of interest to all types of stakeholders, including community members, customers, potential funders, academic institutions, suppliers and business partners. The integrated report is an outcome of several interrelated activities in a firm, including governance, strategic management, stakeholder engagement and risk management, to name a few. A variety of studies have indicated that whilst the construction of a comprehensive integrated report is a complex undertaking, skills related to systems thinking and integrated thinking can aid in the process. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate this connection between integrated reporting and systems thinking. Through the application of systems thinking it is proposed that the ability to perceive the interconnectedness of an organisation’s activities and resources and to be able to employ higher-level reasoning with regard to them, is enhanced. This can contribute to more effective governance and management of organisations, and by extension, to more realistic, comprehensive and informed integrated reports.
Digital Transformation: A Foundational Capability Building Block Perspective on Maturing the IT Capability
Authors: Carcary Marian , Doherty Eileen 
Published: April 2023

The enterprise-wide scope of an organisation’s IT capability in sustainably leveraging technology for business value is well-researched, and the level of maturity of this capability is a key determinant of an organisation’s success. IT capability maturity has become more critical as technological developments continue at an accelerated pace and as whole industries are being disrupted by digital developments. Maturity in terms of IT leadership, IT processes, IT infrastructure, and a myriad of other supporting organisation-wide capabilities is required. Since the 1980s, maturity models in the literature have focused on specialist niche areas, with few adopting a holistic perspective. Across these models, a lack of consensus is evident on the key capabilities that should be matured and on what the important sub elements or building blocks of these capabilities are. How does the organisation achieve an adequate level of maturity if the required capabilities are unclear?

As one of the most holistic IT capability maturity models identified, this paper undertakes a systematic analysis of the 36 IT capabilities within IT Capability Maturity Framework (IT-CMF) and the 315 sub elements (Capability Building Blocks (CBBs)) that comprise these capabilities. This research aims to identify the common sub elements or building blocks inherent across the 36 capabilities, which we will refer to as Foundational Capability Building Blocks (FCBBs), and a high-level definition of these FCBBs abstracted from the relevant sub elements and discussed in terms of their recognised importance to effecting successful digital transformations. From an academic perspective, the research provides deeper insight on common themes that are pertinent to IT capability improvement. From an industry practitioner perspective, it breaks down the complexities of IT capability maturity with a focus on a manageable number of considerations.
Laboratory Predictors of Severe Course and Fatal Outcome of COVID-19 Coronavirus Infection
Authors: Анисько Л.А. , Литвинчук Д.В. , Сильванович Е.А. , Карпов И.А. 
Published: April 2023

В работе представлена значимость основных лабораторных показателей, изменяющихся при коронавирусной инфекции, как предиктора развития тяжелого течения и летального исхода. Выявлен параметр Log NIL, который показал более высокие характеристики по сравнению с рутинными показателями.
The study presents an analysis of the significance of the main laboratory parameters that change during coronavirus infection as a predictor of the development of severe course and fatal outcome. The Log NIL parameter was identified, which showed higher characteristics compared to conventional indicators.