bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O.3.1-1 Relevance of policies to promote physical activity among children and adolescents: the case of Ecuador
Authors: Avilés Angélica Ochoa , Dután Samuel Escandón , Grueso Juliana Mejía , Soto Gisselle , Vélez Ximena , Varela Andrea Ramírez 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Physical inactivity among children and adolescents is a public health concern. PA promotion (PAP) policies should rely on the best evidence. This study aimed to contrast PAP policies among children and adolescents in Ecuador with the best available evidence.

Methods
We undertook a comprehensive analysis that included the following procedures: (1) the Country Contact of the Global Physical Activity Observatory GoPA! identified key governmental informants from the Ministries of health, education, and sports at the national and subnational level; (2) the informants provided a list of policies, programs, or technical documents in force that comprise PAP among children and adolescents; (3) the preliminary results of an ongoing umbrella review (PROSPERO ID 408458) were used to identify effective PAP strategies in children and adolescents; (4) the core team determined whether the policies addressed at least one of the eight investments that work for physical activity proposed by the International Society for Physical Activity and Health (ISPAH) (whole-of-school programs, active travel, active urban design, healthcare, public education, including mass media, sport and recreation for all, workplaces, community-wide programs); (5) through a content analysis, we contrasted the strategies proposed in the policy documents with effective strategies identified in systematic reviews.

Results
Seven decision-makers from the health (n = 3), sport (n = 2), and education (n = 2) sectors identified four policies implemented at the national level. One policy addressed the whole-of-school programs approach, while the others the community-wide programs approach. Few strategies in the official documents were aligned with the effective strategies identified in the umbrella review. School-based strategies focused mainly on physical education, and neither the community-based nor the school-based strategies comprehensively addressed the community, school environment, teachers, and parents. In addition, policies in Ecuador lack information regarding an implementation and evaluation plan, the extent, timeframe, and scope of these strategies, and their viability for enhancing PA in children and adolescents.

Conclusion
This study is the basis for adapting and reformulating existing policies in Ecuador to ensure effective and comprehensive PAP in children and adolescents. New studies should analyze the level of implementation and monitor existing and new policies.

Funding
The study was funded by UNICEF-Ecuador.
O.3.1-8 The western research hub for physical activity and health: answering the World Health Organization’s call to implement the global action plan on physical activity
Authors: Thornton Jane , Kristen Reilly 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Physical activity provides a multitude of health benefits yet only half of Canadians meet national physical activity guidelines for health. In response to the global epidemic of physical inactivity, the World Health Organization (WHO) created the Global Action Plan on Physical Activity (GAPPA) to help countries prioritize decreasing physical inactivity. In 2021, we formed the Western Research Hub for Physical Activity and Health (The Hub) to respond to this call to action from the WHO. Our purpose is to advocate for and implement meaningful, sustainable and culturally relevant physical activity opportunities within our community and beyond. Our team is comprised of 30 junior and senior university scholars and a Community Advisory Council of local organization representatives and patient partners who inform and co-design our work.

Project description
Through ongoing discussions with our members, we learned that while the GAPPA provides a clear roadmap, funding for such implementation projects is scarce and researchers, community organizations, and policymakers feel they do not have the necessary expertise to undertake implementation or scale-up projects. To address these gaps, we created The Hub’s Implementation Support Service. This service provides those working on GAPPA-related projects with support from our team in the form of: implementation resources (frameworks and toolkits); advice from implementation scientists; regular meetings to troubleshoot implementation barriers; networking support to connect with relevant partners; and financial support (seed grants worth $5000 CAD). Funding applications are reviewed and selected by a committee of researchers, community organizations, and patient partners. The Implementation Support Service will undergo a process and impact evaluation by understanding perceptions of those delivering and receiving the implementation service, as well as determining the short- and long-term effects of the implementation projects we support.

Conclusions
The Western Research Hub for Physical Activity and Health is the first and only collective of its kind aimed directly at addressing and implementing the WHO’s GAPPA framework by providing a centralized access point for implementation seed grants and services. By providing resources and facilitating access to physical activity, our Hub can support more individuals staying active for more of their lives, with implications for population-level health.
O.3.2-1 Evaluation of the Active Together multi-modal cancer rehabilitation service embedded within clinical care
Authors: Thelwell Michael John , Myers Anna , Humphreys Liam , Frith Gabriella , Pickering Katie , Phillips Gail , Keen Carol , Copeland Rob 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
The Active Together service provides multimodal rehabilitation support for people affected by cancer, embedded within clinical pathways at all stages of cancer treatment. The service aims to improve patient outcomes, such as physical fitness prior to surgery, tolerance to treatments, post-operative complications, and survival rates.

Project description
The design of the Active Together service was informed by extensive stakeholder engagement, involving consultations with patients and health professionals to determine the key elements of an impactful and sustainable rehabilitation service. Informal discussion groups and co-design workshops were held to understand ‘what mattered most’ to patients and to develop key features of the service.
The Active Together service is delivered by a multi-disciplinary team at the Advanced Wellbeing Research Centre at Sheffield Hallam University, in partnership with Sheffield Teaching Hospitals and Yorkshire Cancer Research. Patients with a cancer diagnosis, over the age of 18 years and receiving treatment with curative intent are referred to the service, which provides exercise, nutritional and psychological support throughout their treatment.
The evaluation aims to determine the impact of the service on patient outcomes and any economic benefits to the wider healthcare system. Outcome measures are captured throughout the patients’ treatment to assess the impact on their physical, nutritional, and psychological state. Economic evaluation will assess its effect on the costs of patients’ treatment, compared to patients that received treatment for cancer without rehabilitation.
Initially, the Active Together service has provided support to patients in Sheffield, being treated for one of three specific forms of cancer: lung, colorectal and upper gastrointestinal. Over the next 2-3 years, the service will be scaled-up to provide support to patients receiving treatment for other forms of cancer at hospitals across Yorkshire. Findings will be disseminated to key stakeholders within the healthcare system and in academic journals.

Conclusions
Evidence to support the role of multi-modal rehabilitation for cancer patients is growing. The translation of that evidence into practice is less advanced. The results of this evaluation will provide valuable insight into service implementation and an understanding of the impact of cancer rehabilitation on both patient outcomes and the health economic landscape.
O.3.2-4 Sedentary time and the risk of breast cancer among Nigerian Women
Authors: Azubuike Samuel Onyinyechukwu , Abazie Ogechi Helen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
The aim of this study was to determine if sedentary time is independently associated with BC risk in Nigeria. While the role of physical activity in breast cancer (BC) risk has been reported in a few available sub-Saharan African (SSA) studies, the independent role of sedentary behavior (prolonged sitting or reclining) hypothesized as differing from physical inactivity (the absence of health-enhancing PA) has not been investigated in SSA.

Methods
The study was a multisite hospital-based case-control design involving 379 histologically confirmed BC cases and 403 cancer-free controls. The participants ≥ 20 years were interviewed in-person using a pretested questionnaire. Data were collected on self-reported number of hours per week of sitting associated with occupation, religious activity, and television watching, as well as PA intensity scores (in metabolic equivalent hours per week) associated with each sedentary time domain. The results were stratified by estrogen receptor status (extracted from records) and body mass index (BMI). Data were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression based on Statistical Software for Social Sciences, adjusting for relevant confounders.

Results
Following full adjustment including total PA intensity, total sedentary time (OR [≥43.3 hrs./wk. vs &lt; 28.30hrs/wk.] 1.78, 95% CI: 1.07, 2.94) was associated with an increased BC risk. Every additional hr./wk. of sitting was associated with a 2% (1.00,1.04, p for trend = 0.044) increased BC risk among women with estrogen receptor negative (ER-) BC, and 1% (95% CI: 1.00,1.03) increase in women with BMI&gt; 25kg/m2. Similarly, every additional hr./wk. of sitting watching television was associated with a 5% (95% CI: 1%, 9%, p for trend = 0.023) increased BC risk especially among women &lt; 50 years (OR 1.05, 95% CI:1.01, 1.09) and women with BMI &gt; 25kg/m2 (OR 1.06, 95% CI:1.01,1.10) following full adjustments.

Conclusion
The findings suggest that the number of hours of sitting independently increased BC risk especially among women with ER- breast cancer and women with high BMI ≥25kg/m2. Health enhancing physical activity Intervention programs aimed at reducing sedentary time especially those associated with television watching will help reduce BC risk in Nigeria and SSA.

Support/Funding source
National Open University of Nigeria.
O.3.3-3 Impact and lessons learned from 18 Years of BIG – a project to promote physical activity among women in difficult life situations
Authors: Herbert-Maul Annika , Abu-Omar Karim , Sommer Raluca , Sauter Alexandra , Ziemainz Heiko 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Since 2005, practitioners and researchers have developed the BIG-project (“Movement as investment in health”), a community-based participatory research (CBPR) project that aims to empower socially disadvantaged women to engage in physical activity (PA) and exercise. These women are often unemployed, single mothers or belong to an ethnic minority facing barriers to exercise such as high registration fees, no availability of childcare or culturally insensitive programs. To date, the project has been scaled to 23 communities. The long project duration and multiple project site provide an excellent opportunity to investigate the long-term impacts of CBPR on PA promotion. The follow-up study of BIG (NU-BIG) examines the long-term effects on individual and structural levels at the project sites.

Methods
NU-BIG uses a mixed method approach. About 389 women who participate in BIG exercise programs completed a survey. Additionally, qualitative interviews, focus groups and a photo-voice study were conducted with approximately 45 women who take part in the exercise program and those who are working in the different city-administrations to organize BIG courses.

Results
15 communities were able to maintain project activities up to 18 years, while some communities ceased all activities. Effects of BIG at the structural level include low barrier exercise classes and planning groups, women only pool hours, local networks to support the project, cooking classes and social gatherings for women. The BIG-project reaches the addressed women and empowers them by increasing their PA levels, mental well-being, self-efficacy, and social network.

Conclusions
BIG demonstrates that CBPR can have a long-term impact on PA promotion at the individual and structural level. The participatory approach of BIG is key to its success. By involving women in planning, it is possible to tailor all activities to their needs and thus reach them, contradicting the label that they are “hard to reach” for health promotion. Through the involvement of local stakeholders e.g. political decision makers or chairs of sports clubs it is possible to achieve change over time, however this can also make BIG vulnerable to political interests and log-rolling.
O.3.3-6 Brazilian immigrant parents' preferences for content and intervention modalities for the design of a family-based intervention to promote their preschool-age children’s healthful energy balance-related behaviors
Authors: Caires Thais , Le Qun , Greaney Mary L , de Souza Lindsay Ana Cristina Terra 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Childhood obesity is a complex public health problem disproportionally affecting racial/ethnic minority populations and children in immigrant families. Promoting healthful energy balance-related behaviors (EBRBs) in young children, a fundamental obesity preventative strategy, is critical for addressing health disparities in childhood obesity among ethnic minority and immigrant populations. Accumulating evidence indicates that unhealthful EBRBs, including poor eating behaviors (e.g., high consumption of unhealthy foods and sugar-sweetened beverages [SSBs]), inadequate physical activity (PA), excessive sedentary behavior/screen time, and short sleep duration, increase the risk of childhood overweight and obesity. Brazilians are a rapidly growing ethnic immigrant population in the United States (U.S.) and currently, there is a lack of childhood obesity prevention interventions addressing the needs of Brazilian preschool-age children.

Methods
Guided by the family ecological model, this formative cross-sectional study assessed the preferences (content, intervention modality, and language) of 52 individual Brazilian immigrant families (27 mothers, 25 fathers) for the development of a family-based intervention to promote healthful energy balance-related behaviors (EBRB).

Results
Overall, 85% or more of parents reported being interested or very interested in content related to five (increase fruits and vegetables, reduce unhealthy foods and sugar-sweetened beverages, increase physical activity, and reduce screen time) out of the seven assessed EBRBs. Group sessions delivered by community health workers (CHWs), email, and text messages were the preferred intervention modalities with most parents (71.2%) indicating a preference for content delivered in Portuguese. Interventions integrating multiple components such as workshops offered by CHWs, text messaging using SMS and WhatsApp, and printed materials should all be considered.

Conclusions
Future steps should include investigating different communication channels and their integration into a pilot test of a linguistic and cultural-sensitive family-based intervention to promote healthful EBRBs of preschool-age children in Brazilian families in the U.S.
O.4.1-6 Multidimensional physical activity profiles and changes in physical function and self-reported walking ability among community-dwelling older adults – a 4-year follow-up
Authors: Palmberg Lotta , Karavirta Laura , Löppönen Antti , Hyvärinen Matti , Rantanen Taina , Rantalainen Timo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Physical activity (PA) is multidimensional but often assessed using single metrics. We studied how data-driven PA profiles predict changes in physical functioning and self-reported walking ability over time among older adults.

Methods
Participants (n = 318) were community-dwelling 75-, 80- and 85-year-olds who wore a thigh-mounted accelerometer for 3-7 days at baseline. PA intensity, fragmentation, absolute and relative PA minutes, sit-to-stand transitions, and gait bout characteristics were used in PA profiling using k-means cluster analysis. Physical function was assessed at baseline and at follow-up 4 years later. Substantial decline in physical function was operationalized as decline of at least 2 points in the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB, range 0-12) and at least 0.2 m/s decline in habitual 10-m walking speed. Change in self-reported walking ability during 2 km walk was assessed using a 5-point scale (decline vs. no change/improvement for all). Data were analyzed using logistic regression analysis.

Results
Three physical activity profiles were identified, and named as Exercisers, Actives and Inactives. Exercisers and Actives accumulated high PA minutes, but Actives engaged in predominantly light intensity PA that was accumulated in shorter bouts. The largest difference was observed in relative PA minutes (minutes exceeding participants’ preferred walking speed). Inactives accumulated the lowest PA minutes, intensity and highest activity fragmentation.
During the follow-up period, 32% of participants experienced a substantial decline in walking speed, 24% in SPPB score and 21% in self-reported walking ability. Among women, Exercisers, but not Actives, had lower risk for a substantial decline in walking speed (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.10-0.95) and SPPB score (0.33, 0.12-0.88) compared to Inactives after adjusting for age, depressive symptoms, comorbidity and baseline walking speed or SPPB score. Among women, Exercisers also had lower risk for decline in self-reported walking ability, but this was explained by differences in health. For men, the differences were not statistically significant.

Conclusions
Daily PA that is accumulated in longer bouts and at intensity exceeding one’s preferred walking speed may be especially beneficial for the maintenance of physical function with advancing age.

Funding Source
Academy of Finland, Finnish Ministry of Education & Culture and European Research Council.
O.4.1-10 The FITT guidelines for multicomponent fall prevention programmes for community-dwelling older adults
Authors: Tomazin Katja , Knific Tjaša , Dolenc Maja 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
The most commonly proposed intervention for fall prevention in community-dwelling older adults is a multicomponent exercise programme. This is a structured form of exercise that improves muscle performance, balance, proprioception, coordination, mobility, and gait. It usually includes balance and functional exercises versus control. Although it has been suggested that exercise programmes for fall prevention should be performed three or more times per week, no precise guidelines for frequency (F), intensity (I), T(time), and T(type) of a multicomponent exercise programme have been proposed. It has already been pointed out that frequency, type, and time of a multicomponent exercise programme do not explain the effects of balance exercises in older adults. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the reporting of FITT guidelines for a multicomponent exercise programme for fall prevention in community-dwelling older adults, with a focus on intensity.

Methods
Systematic reviews of randomised control trials comparing the effectiveness of structured, multicomponent fall prevention programmes in community-dwelling older adults were included. Studies that focused on a specific condition, such as stroke, were excluded. We included only studies that compared fall rates before and after the multicomponent programme. PubMed, PEDro, EMBASE, Scopus were searched until January 2023.

Results
Preliminary results showed that FITT guidelines for multicomponent exercise were not consistently reported across studies. In particular, exercise intensity was often not reported. Without a valid and reliable measure of exercise intensity, the dose-response relationship for a multicomponent exercise programme should be further investigated.

Conclusions
Limitations of this systematic review include variability in the design of multicomponent interventions and incomplete reporting of FITT in reported studies.

Support/Funding Source
The study is founded from Next Generation EU Recovery and Resilience Facility and resources from National institute of public health Slovenia.
O.4.2-4 The influence of organized sport participation on health-related fitness development during adolescence
Authors: Kolunsarka Iiris , Stodden David , Gråstèn Arto , Huhtiniemi Mikko , Jaakkola Timo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Organized sport participation plays particularly big role in promoting adolescents’ physical activity and health-related fitness. However, it remains to be understood how current, past, or complete non-participation in organized sports affect adolescents’ individual trajectories of cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness and whether adolescents benefit from their past participation in organized sports in terms of fitness. Thus, the aim of this research was to study the development of cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness during adolescence in those 1) who continued or started organized sport participation, 2) who dropped out, and 3) who never participated or dropped out before adolescence.

Methods
In this five-year longitudinal study, which was carried out between 2017-2021, self-reported sport participation data were collected annually, and cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness measurements were collected every other year from 963 participants (Mage = 11.25 ± 0.31). Multi-group parallel latent growth curve model was used to examine initial levels and slopes (rate of change) of cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness simultaneously in each of three sport participation group: 1) continuous, 2) dropout, and 3) non-part.

Results
Continuous group had significantly higher initial levels of cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness compared to other two groups. Moreover, both continuous and non-part groups had positive slopes of cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness. Although dropout group had significantly higher initial levels of cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness compared to non-part group, the slopes were smaller or not significant. Thus, at the last time point, there were no longer significant differences between these two groups in levels of cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness.

Conclusions
Continued participation in organized sports promotes adolescents’ health-related fitness. However, as adolescents dropout these health-related fitness improvements seem to be lost. Therefore, it is necessary to consider what could be done so that adolescents who dropout or never participated in organized sports would have equal opportunities to promote their health-related fitness. One reason for dropout is that organized sports tend to get more competitive, time-consuming, and expensive in adolescence. Thus, solution could be low-cost and low-threshold recreational or school-related physical activities that could improve or maintain health-related fitness during adolescence.

Funding Source
Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture