bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Well-being and coping: Key aspects of unmet need of people living with glioma
Authors: Baddeley Elin , Sivell Stephanie , Retzer Ameeta , Nelson Annmarie , Bulbeck Helen , Seddon Kathy , Grant Robin , Adams Richard , Watts Colin , Aiyegbusi Olalekan Lee , Calvert Melanie , Byrne Anthony 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The challenges and needs of people with brain tumors are complex and unique, particularly—but not limited to—the neurocognitive impacts they experience. These effects are subsequently impactful on their primary caregivers. Evidence suggests people with glioma and their caregivers experience a range of unmet needs in the clinical care setting.

Methods
Semi-structured interviews with people across the spectrum of glioma, and their caregivers in the United Kingdom, as part of a study exploring core outcomes for use across glioma trials. Interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results
Nineteen people with glioma and seven caregivers were interviewed. Three major themes were identified: (1) Well-being, support and coping, (2) Communication and care, and (3) Impact on caregivers. People with glioma and their caregivers experience uncertainty, and progressive impacts long after diagnosis. People with glioma across the spectrum of the disease have many challenges in common including long-term adjustments, impacts of glioma and its treatment, and communication/information gaps including prognostic uncertainty. These impacts also affect caregivers. While most patients and caregivers engaged in self-directed approaches to mitigate the impacts of glioma, gaps in follow-up support for lasting effects were a major source of frustration, impacting on ability to cope and manage the effects of glioma.

Conclusions
These interviews highlight the unmet needs of people with glioma and their caregivers. A consistent, systematic, and focused approach to assessing the needs of glioma patients and their caregivers in the clinical setting and support for long-term adjustment is required.
Empirical networks are sparse: Enhancing multiedge models with zero-inflation
Authors: Casiraghi Giona , Andres Georges 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Real-world networks are sparse. As we show in this article, even when a large number of interactions is observed, most node pairs remain disconnected. We demonstrate that classical multiedge network models, such as the G(N,p), configuration models, and stochastic block models, fail to accurately capture this phenomenon. To mitigate this issue, zero-inflation must be integrated into these traditional models. Through zero-inflation, we incorporate a mechanism that accounts for the excess number of zeroes (disconnected pairs) observed in empirical data. By performing an analysis on all the datasets from the Sociopatterns repository, we illustrate how zero-inflated models more accurately reflect the sparsity and heavy-tailed edge count distributions observed in empirical data. Our findings underscore that failing to account for these ubiquitous properties in real-world networks inadvertently leads to biased models that do not accurately represent complex systems and their dynamics.
Catch, Restrict, and Release: The Real Story of Bank Bailouts
Authors: Berger Allen N , Nistor Simona , Ongena Steven , Tsyplakov Sergey 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Bank bailouts are not “one-shot” events, as often portrayed, but rather dynamic processes with phases over time. Regulators “catch” financially distressed banks and provide aid, “restrict” these banks’ activities for ex ante unknown lengths of time, and then “release” the banks from the restrictions when capital ratios reach sufficiently healthy levels. This catch-restrict-release bailout approach is employed globally and applies to both major bailout methods capital injections (CIs) and debt guarantees (DGs). We model how a regulator that maximizes a social welfare function that includes the value of the bank and expected costs to the rest of the financial system and the real economy of its default might design and implement catch-restrict-release and test model predictions. Our data laboratory includes multiple EU nations over the financially stressful 2008-2014 period when many bailouts occurred. Findings suggest regulators bail out banks in a qualitatively consistent fashion with maximizing the social welfare function, yielding policy implications and directions for future research. (JEL G01, G21, G28, H81)
Exploring novel drug targets for erectile dysfunction through plasma proteome with genome
Authors: Qiu Zeming , Cheng Long , Wang Qinyuan , Dong Zhilong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Currently, the treatment and prevention of erectile dysfunction (ED) remain highly challenging.

Aim
This study conducted a systematic druggable genome-wide Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to identify potential therapeutic targets for ED.

Methods
A proteome-wide MR approach was employed to investigate the causal effects of plasma proteins on ED. Subsequently, summary data–based MR (SMR) analysis was performed to identify potential drug targets for ED. Enrichment analysis and protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks revealed the functional characteristics and biological relevance of these potential therapeutic targets. Drug prediction and molecular docking studies were conducted to validate the pharmacological activity of these identified targets. Finally, a systematic MR analysis was conducted to assess upstream intervention factors, such as lifestyles and diseases, associated with these targets, providing insights for the prevention and treatment of ED.

Outcomes
This study identified several potential therapeutic targets for ED.

Results
Proteome-wide MR analysis revealed that 126 genetically predicted plasma proteins were causally associated with ED. SMR analysis indicated that TMEM9 was associated with an increased risk of ED, while MDH1, NQO1, QDPR, ARL4D, TAGLN2, and PPP1R14A were associated with a decreased risk of ED. These potential targets were primarily enriched in metabolic and redox-related biological processes. Molecular docking indicated that the predicted drugs had favorable binding affinities with the proteins, further confirming the pharmacological value of these targets. Finally, 6 plasma proteins (MDH1, NQO1, QDPR, ARL4D, TAGLN2, and TMEM9) could be modulated by lifestyle- and disease-related factors.

Clinical Implications
This study provides new insights into the etiology and potential drug targets of ED and contributes to the development of more effective treatments for ED and reducing the cost of drug development.

Strengths and Limitations
This is a systematic and extensive study exploring the causal relationship between plasma proteins and ED, which helps to provide a comprehensive perspective to understand the role of potential targets in ED. However, we did not conduct this study in different types of ED or different stages of ED progression.

Conclusion
In summary, this study identified 7 plasma proteins causally associated with ED and provided new insights into the etiology and potential drug targets for ED.
Anti-Apartheid at the periphery: a case study of grassroots activism in Dundee, 1967–1990
Authors: Graham Matthew , Fevre Christopher 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The histories of the global anti-apartheid struggle, and particularly the British Anti-Apartheid Movement (AAM), have predominantly been examined through a transnational and national prism, creating an inaccurate impression of a highly centralized and homogeneous movement. We argue, however, that refining the analysis to focus on the local setting reveals a more complex and diverse movement, which has not been fully captured in the existing scholarship. Using Dundee as a case study, this article charts the emergence, character, and evolution of anti-apartheid sentiment and activity in this small, peripheral industrial Scottish city. By exploring student activities in the 1970s, the brief but influential presence of Southern African exiles in the city, the radical politics of Dundee AAM (DAAM), and the symbolic solidarity of civic actors, the article demonstrates where local AAM group autonomy and regionally specific conditions intersected to shape the distinct trajectory of anti-apartheid in Dundee. Within this local history, we uncover divergences with wider national trends, most notably DAAM’s accommodation of the radical Revolutionary Communist Group, which complicates dominant narratives of entryism and tension between the far-left and the AAM. The Dundee example demonstrates that analysing anti-apartheid activities through a local lens establishes alternative readings of the multi-layered and divergent nature of British activism and of twentieth-century international solidarity movements more broadly.
Anniversary fever? History and the culture of NHS celebration
Authors: Bivins Roberta , Thomson Mathew 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Delivered a day after Britain’s National Health Service (NHS) reached its 75th year since its opening on the Appointed Day of 5 July 1948, the Pimlott Lecture for 2023 explored the culture of NHS anniversary-making. What can the marking of these anniversaries tell us about changing attitudes towards the service, and indeed, the British state? Here, examining evidence from the media, government archives, and Mass Observation, we argue that NHS anniversaries have long functioned as points of reflection but that their role as moments of national celebration and even communion has come to the fore only recently and culminated in the apparent ‘anniversary fever’ of 2018. We will explore the reasons behind the growing public fervour, what it can tell us, and the lessons offered by our work on this (still) best-loved of British institutions for historians working on highly politicized objects in ‘fevered’ times.
Mechanosensitive Ca2+ channel TRPV1 activated by low‐intensity pulsed ultrasound ameliorates acute kidney injury through Notch1‐Akt‐eNOS signaling
Authors: Huangfu Qi , Zhang Jun , Xu Jiaju , Xu Jinming , Yang Zhangcheng , Wei Jingchao , Yang Liuqing , Shu Yichang , Sun Chengfang , Wang Bohan , Chen Yi , Wen Jiaming , Cai Ming 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAcute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a significant medical condition characterized by the abrupt decline in kidney function.Low‐intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS), a non‐invasive therapeutic technique employing low‐intensity acoustic wave pulses, has shown promise in promoting tissue repair and regeneration. A novel LIPUS system was developed and evaluated in rat AKI models, focusing on its effects on glomerular filtration rate (GFR), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SCr), and the Notch1‐Akt‐eNOS signaling pathway. The results demonstrated that LIPUS treatment improved GFR, BUN, SCr levels, and renal pathology in AKI rats. In vitro experiments using HUVEC cells revealed that LIPUS stimulation promoted angiogenesis, cell migration mechanically‐dependent calcium ion influx, which was partially attenuated by TRPV1 knockdown. RNA sequencing analysis indicated LIPUS‐induced activation of the Notch pathway, phosphorylation of Akt and eNOS. Furthermore, inhibition or genetic silencing of Notch1 abolished the beneficial effects of LIPUS on angiogenesis, renal function, and Akt‐eNOS phosphorylation in both cells and AKI rats. These findings suggest that LIPUS‐induced calcium influx promotes Akt‐eNOS phosphorylation, nitric oxide (NO) production, angiogenesis, and improved renal function in AKI via Notch1‐Akt‐eNOS signaling, positioning LIPUS as a promising therapeutic strategy for AKI by targeting vascular regeneration.
Circadian rhythm disruptions exacerbate inner ear damage in a murine endolymphatic hydrops model
Authors: Pang Bo , Bai Yijiang , Chen Yongjia , Zhang Shuai , Xu Zhenhang , Li Chenglong , Nie Zequn , Liu Heng , Guo Zihang , Ling Jie , Mei Lingyun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMeniere's disease (MD) is an inner ear disease characterized by endolymphatic hydrops (EH). Maintaining a regular daily routine is crucial for MD patients. However, the relationship between circadian rhythms and MD remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effect of circadian rhythm on endolymphatic hydrops and its underlying mechanisms. Mice with endolymphatic hydrops were subjected to chronic jet lag (CJL) conditions to simulate the MD patients under circadian rhythm disruptions. We assessed whether this disruption would exacerbate inner ear damage with endolymphatic hydrops. RNA‐seq of the inner ear and bioinformatic analysis were performed. Then, the expression of PER2, AQP2, AQP4, AQP5, and BDNF were assessed, and the morphological changes were evaluated in the inner ear. Our findings showed circadian rhythm disruption affected the cochlear internal clock genes in the inner ear, particularly in mice with EH. EH mice under CJL conditions exhibited exacerbated hearing impairment and an increased severity of EH. GO enrichment analysis revealed that the regulation of fluid homeostasis and neurotransmitter release at synapses were significantly enriched. Disruption of circadian rhythms disturbed the expression pattern of PER2, reduced BDNF levels, and affected the expression of aquaporins in the cochlea. Moreover, the disruption of circadian rhythm compromised inner hair cell synapses and auditory nerve fibers. This study indicated that disruption of circadian rhythms may exacerbate inner ear damage in endolymphatic hydrops mice by affecting the aquaporins and compromising synapses and auditory nerves in the inner ear. BDNF and PER2 may play a central role in these pathophysiological processes.
Factors Associated With Postoperative Pain Trajectory, Nausea, and Vomiting After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Chen Ti-Hsuan , Wu Chih-Cheng , Chen Jun-Peng 
Published: January 2025

Objectives:
Postoperative pain, nausea, and vomiting (PONV)﻿ adversely affect postoperative rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We aimed to identify factors associated with postoperative pain trajectory and PONV and evaluated the effects of different analgesic modalities.

Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed patients undergoing unilateral primary TKA from 2017 to 2022. Patients received either general or spinal anesthesia. Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) included patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) and intravenous analgesia (PCIA). Outcome variables included maximal pain intensity at certain times (before surgery, and 24 h and 48 h after surgery); and incidence of PONV. A generalized estimating equation was used to determine the correlation between PCA usage and longitudinal pain score at 48 hours follow-up after surgery. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate PONV after adjusting for potential confounders.

Results:
In total, 2510 patients were included in the analyses﻿. Patients without PCA intervention and with higher BMI reported greater acute postoperative pain. Furthermore, women and lower BMI were associated with higher rates of PONV. After adjusting for confounding factors, the PCEA group had a lower pain score than both the no PCA group (β estimate =−0.443, 95% CI= [−0.561 to −0.324], P<0.001) and the PCIA group (mean difference=−0.227, 95% CI = [−0.328 to −0.126], P <0.001).

Conclusion:
General anesthesia and PCA had no effect on the PONV incidence after TKA. Greater BMI﻿ correlated with higher pain scores but a lower likelihood of PONV. Epidural PCA provided superior acute postoperative analgesia without increasing the incidence of PONV.
The Moderating Role of Ethnicity on Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms and Pain Catastrophizing in Hispanic/Latinx and Non-Hispanic/Latinx White Youth With Chronic Pain
Authors: Moreno Joaquin E. , Nestor Bridget A. , Mitcheson Morgan , Nelson Sarah 
Published: January 2025

Objectives:
Chronic pain (CP) significantly impacts emotional and physical well-being and overall quality of life across diverse populations in the United States (US). Notably, under-represented minoritized (URM) groups, such as Hispanic/Latinx (H/L) youth, may experience disproportionate effects due to health disparities and lack of access to quality health care. However, this remains understudied. This study aimed to examine the association between CP and its related psychosocial factors—depressive and anxiety symptoms, and pain catastrophizing—in H/L youth, as compared with Non-Hispanic White (NHW) youth.

Methods:
The current study sample included 58 self-identifying H/L and 58 NHW youth seeking CP treatment at a large Northeastern tertiary pain clinic, ages 12 to 18 years old, (M=15.49, SD=1.71), of which 88% identified as biologically female. Participant samples for each group were age and-sex-matched.

Results:
Significant associations were found between anxiety and depressive symptoms and pain catastrophizing for youth in both groups. Ethnicity significantly moderated the associations between pain catastrophizing and depressive symptoms and between anxiety and depressive symptoms, with NHW youth with pain exhibiting stronger relations between these constructs when compared with H/L youth with pain.

Discussion:
Our results suggested that for NHW youth with CP, greater tendencies toward catastrophizing and experiences of anxiety may more strongly contribute to depressive symptoms, when compared with their Hispanic/Latinx youth counterparts. Further investigation of pain-coping mechanisms among H/L youth and other youth from historically marginalized populations (e.g., racial/ethnic minoritized groups) will help advance clinical understanding of sociocultural variability in links between pain-related psychosocial outcomes in the CP experience.
Impaired macroscopic CSF flow by sevoflurane in humans – both during and after anesthesia
Authors: Zimmermann Juliana , Sorg Christian , Müller Leander , Zistler Franziska , Neumaier Viktor , Bonhoeffer Moritz , Ranft Andreas , Golkowski Daniel , Priller Josef , Zimmer Claus , Ilg Rüdiger , Preibisch Christine , Schneider Gerhard , Nuttall Rachel , Zott Benedikt 
Published: January 2025

Background:
According to the model of the glymphatic system, the directed flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a driver of waste clearance from the brain. In sleep, glymphatic transport is enhanced, but it is unclear how it is affected by anesthesia. Animal research indicates partially opposing effects of distinct anesthetics but corresponding results in humans are lacking. Thus, this study aims to investigate the effect of sevoflurane anesthesia on CSF flow in humans, both during and after anesthesia.

Methods:
Using data from a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment in 16 healthy human subjects before, during, and 45 minutes after sevoflurane mono-anesthesia of 2vol%, we related grey matter blood-oxygenation-level dependent (BOLD) signals to CSF flow, indexed by fMRI signal fluctuations, across the basal cisternae. Specifically, CSF flow was measured by CSF fMRI signal amplitudes, global grey matter (gGM) functional connectivity by the median of inter-regional GM fMRI Spearman rank correlations, and gGM-CSF basal cisternae coupling by Spearman rank correlations of fMRI signals.

Results:
Anesthesia decreased cisternal CSF peak-to-trough amplitude (median difference Mdn-diff = 1.00, 95% CI [0.17 1.83], p = .013), disrupted the global, cortical BOLD-fMRI-based connectivity (Mdn-diff = 1.5, 95% CI [0.67, 2.33], p < 0.001) and, global grey matter (gGM)-CSF coupling (Mdn-diff = 1.19, 95% CI [0.36, 2.02], p = 0.002). Remarkably, the impairments of global connectivity (Mdn-diff = 0.94, 95% CI [0.11, 1.77], p = 0.022) and gGM-CSF coupling (Mdn-diff = 1.06, 95% CI [0.23, 1.89], p = 0.008) persisted after re-emergence from anesthesia.

Conclusions:
Collectively, our data show that sevoflurane impairs macroscopic CSF flow via a disruption of coherent gGM activity. This effect persists, at least for a short time, after regaining consciousness. Future studies need to elucidate whether this contributes to the emergence of postoperative neurocognitive symptoms, especially in older patients or those with dementia.
An Unusual Case of Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy Associated With Mirabegron Use: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Raffi Hasan , Boyle Robert , Krachmalnick Sara , Ajlan Radwan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
A case report of a 24-year-old female on mirabegron who presented with vision loss and found to have choroidopathy. After cessation of mirabegron, visual acuity improved and choroidopathy stabilized suggesting a relation between mirabegron and choroidopathy. This case highlights the important implication that early detection of mirabegron-associated choroidopathy- and cessation- may play an important role in optimization of visual outcomes.
FibroScan Discordance With Liver Biopsy Significantly Overestimates Advanced Fibrosis and Cirrhosis in MASLD Subjects With Class 3 Obesity
Authors: Velji-Ibrahim Jena , Woodard Jordan , Alden Jay , Abrams Gary A. 
Published: January 2025

Goals:
To investigate the effect of obesity on the stages of fibrosis discordance between FibroScan and liver biopsy.

Background:
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the leading cause of liver disease worldwide. Accurate fibrosis assessment is essential in MASLD patients for prognosis and treatment. Vibration-controlled transient elastography using FibroScan can overestimate liver fibrosis in obese patients.

Study:
This retrospective study included 245 MASLD patients who underwent FibroScan and liver biopsy. Participants were included with FibroScan controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) 250+, 10 liver stiffness measurements (LSM) with IQR/med ≤30%, and 10+ portal tracts on biopsy. Discordance was defined as a ≥2 stage difference between FibroScan and liver biopsy. Participants were stratified by BMI and obesity class to assess their association with discordance. We conducted a post hoc analysis to determine the implication of discordance on resmetirom eligibility. Data was entered into SPSS v28.

Results:
Among 245 patients, 29.4% exhibited a ≥2 stage discordance between FibroScan and biopsy. Class 3 obesity was significantly associated with discordance (38.6%) compared with class 2 obesity (24.6%) and class 0 to 1 obesity (18.4%). FibroScan suggested cirrhosis in 66 (57.9%) participants with class 3 obesity, however, liver biopsy confirmed cirrhosis in only 16 (24.2%) subjects and identified 28 (42.4%) subjects with stages 2 to 3 fibrosis, making them potentially eligible for resmetirom.

Conclusions:
FibroScan significantly overestimates advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis in class 3 obesity. A second noninvasive test is warranted for accurate liver-directed therapeutic allocation and to minimize unnecessary biopsies in MASLD management.
FAP-Targeted SPECT/CT and PET/CT Imaging for Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: McGale Jeremy , Khurana Sakshi , Howell Harrison , Nakhla Abanoub , Roa Tina , Doshi Parth , Shirini Dorsa , Huang Alice , Duong Phuong , Backhaus Philipp , Liao Matthew , Kaur Harleen , Fontani Amelia McNiven , Hung Isabella , Pandit-Taskar Neeta , Haberkorn Uwe , Gulati Amit , Naim Asmâa , Sinigaglia Mathieu , Bebawy Maria , Girard Antoine , Seban Romain-David , Dercle Laurent 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Breast cancer presents a significant global health challenge, necessitating continued innovation in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Recent advances have led to the identification of cancer-associated fibroblasts, which are highly prevalent in breast cancers and express fibroblast activation proteins (FAPs), as critical targets. FAP-specific radiotracers, when used with PET/CT and SPECT/CT, have significant potential for improving early breast cancer detection, staging, treatment response monitoring, and therapeutic intervention. This review provides insight into FAP-targeted molecular imaging, exploring advanced techniques for protein status assessment, development of early-phase targeted therapies, and other emerging applications. The advent of FAP-targeted imaging stands to significantly enhance personalized oncologic care, leading to improved breast cancer management and overall patient outcomes.