bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of breakfast styles such as Japanese, Western, and cereals with sleeping habits, eating habits, and lifestyle in preschool and elementary school children
Authors: Kuwahara Mai , Tahara Yu , Nitta Lyie , Furutani Akiko , Mochida Seiko , Makino Naomichi , Nozawa Yuki , Shibata Shigenobu 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionIn Japan, breakfast styles are categorized into five groups; Japanese breakfast (JB; rice and miso soup), Western breakfast (WB; bread and milk), Japanese-Western breakfast (J-WB; alternative daily serving), cereal breakfast (CB), and breakfast skipping. In our recent studies, breakfast style was highly associated with the daily sleep–wake phase (chronotype), and healthy eating habits. In contrast with other breakfast style consumers, JB-consumers were positively associated with the morning chronotype and healthy eating habits such as a high consumption of a variety of protein sources, vegetables, and dietary fibers, and low consumption of sweetened juices. These previous studies included only adult participants; hence, in the current study, we investigated whether similar observations can be made in children.MethodsPreschool (aged 3–5 years) and elementary school children (6–8 years) (N = 6,104, 49.87% boys, 50.13% girls, mean body mass index 15.39 ± 0.03 kg/m2 for preschoolers and percentage of overweight −2.73 ± 0.22 for elementary school children) participated in this cross-sectional online survey on lifestyle, including eating and sleep habits, through their mother’s responses.ResultsThe results showed that the morning-evening type index values (chronotype indicator, smaller indicates morning type) were negatively correlated with JB intake (−0.05, p &lt; 0.01) and positively correlated with WB (0.03, p &lt; 0.05) and CB intake (0.06, p &lt; 0.01), suggesting that the JB group exhibited the morning chronotype and the WB and CB groups exhibited the evening chronotype. The JB group consumed a variety of protein sources (mean ± SE; days/week) with more frequency (fish 2.95 ± 0.038 p &lt; 0.001, soy 3.55 ± 0.043 p &lt; 0.001, egg 3.82 ± 0.044 p &lt; 0.001) compared with the WB group (fish 2.58 ± 0.033, soy 3.00 ± 0.038, egg 3.49 ± 0.039). On the other hand, the JB group consumed snacks (5.48 ± 0.042 p &lt; 0.001) and sweetened juice (2.50 ± 0.050 p &lt; 0.001) less frequently than the WB group (snacks; 5.80 ± 0.037 and sweetened juice; 2.74 ± 0.049).DiscussionJB-eating children with a morning chronotype exhibited better sleep and eating habits than WB-eating children with an evening type pattern. The results suggest that JB eating habits may be associated with good eating and sleeping lifestyles, even among preschool and elementary school children.
The micronutrient content of the diet is correlated with serum glucose biomarkers and lipid profile and is associated with the odds of being overweight/obese—a case-control study
Authors: Vahid Farhad , Rahmani Wena , Davoodi Sayed Hossein , Bohn Torsten 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundA low micronutrient intake has been reported to contribute to the double-burden of obesity, increasing the risk for chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, and mental disorders. This case-control study compared micronutrient intake profiles in overweight/obese vs. normal-weight individuals. We hypothesized that a low intake of certain micronutrients would increase the odds of being overweight/obese.MethodsThe case group (n = 812 adults) consisted of individuals with a BMI of ≥25  kg/m2, and the control group (n = 793) had BMIs of 17.9–24.9  kg/m2. A validated 124-item food frequency questionnaire was used to determine micronutrient-related dietary-quality, using the index of nutritional quality (INQ), calculated as the fraction of a micronutrient consumed vs. its dietary requirement. In addition, body surface area (BSA) was calculated according to the Mosteller formula.ResultsThe control group had significantly higher INQ-scores of vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium, magnesium, and selenium compared to the case group. Furthermore, individuals with normal BSA (≤1.91 m2 for men; ≤1.71  m2 for women) had significantly higher INQ scores of vitamin C, calcium, magnesium, and zinc compared to participants with high BSA. In multivariable adjustment regression models, INQs of vitamin C (ORBMI = 0.79, 95%CI: 0.64–0.97; ORBSA = 0.81, 95%CI, 0.68–0.97) and magnesium (ORBMI = 0.69, 95%CI: 0.47–0.99; ORBSA = 0.71, 95%CI: 0.52–0.97) were significantly associated with the odds of obesity/overweight (in both BMI and BSA categories).ConclusionThe significant association between micronutrient levels of the diet, especially of vitamin C and magnesium, with both obesity criteria, emphasized the importance of certain micronutrients in the obesity/overweight causal network.
Metabolic response of intestinal microbiota to guar gum consumption
Authors: Barber Claudia , Sabater Carlos , Guarner Francisco , Margolles Abelardo , Azpiroz Fernando 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundGuar gum is used extensively as a thickening agent in food, but it remains uncertain whether and to what extent it is fermented by colonic microbiota and whether it has microbiota modulatory properties.AimTo determine the metabolic response of intestinal microbiota to guar gum consumption, specifically, the extent of initial fermentation and subsequent adaptation.MethodsSingle-center, single arm, open label, proof-of-concept study testing the effect of guar gum on microbiota metabolism and adaptation. Healthy male subjects (n = 12) were administered gum guar (8 g/day) for 18 days. Outcomes were measured before, at initial and late administration: (a) anal gas evacuations (number/day); (b) digestive sensations (daily scales); and (c) fecal gut microbiota taxonomy and metabolic functions by shotgun sequencing.ResultsAt initial consumption, guar gum induced a transient increase in anal gas evacuations and digestive sensations; gas evacuation completely reverted upon continuous administration, whereas sensations reverted only in part. Guar gum induced moderate changes in human microbiota composition at both taxonomic and functional levels. Positive associations between effects on microbiota (proliferation of Agathobaculum butyriciproducens and Lachnospira pectinoschiza) and hedonic sensations were detected.ConclusionGuar gum is metabolized by intestinal microbiota, and, upon continuous consumption, induces a selective adaptation of microbial taxonomy and function. These data highlight the potential interest of guar gum for novel prebiotic ingredient formulation.
Pediatric IBD patients show medication and disease activity dependent changes in NK cell and CD4 memory T cell populations
Authors: Pappa Angeliki , Mührer Julia , Gast Patricia , Hebbar Subramanyam Sudheendra , Ohl Kim , Muschaweck Moritz , Wagner Norbert , Wenzl Tobias , Tenbrock Klaus 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesCD4+ memory T cells facilitate long-termed adaptive immune responses while NK cells are predominately rapid effector cells with significant functions for both intestinal homeostasis and inflammation. We wanted to study both populations in health and pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and correlate them with disease activity and medication.MethodsWe performed flow cytometric analyses of peripheral blood CD4 + CD45RO+ memory T cells and CD3-CD16 + CD56+ NK cells in 30 patients with IBD and 31 age-matched controls and correlated percentages of subsets with disease activity (PUCAI/PCDAI) and medication.ResultsWe found a significant reduction of peripheral NK cells in overall IBD patients with both clinical remission and disease activity, which was even more pronounced in patients treated with azathioprine. Otherwise, circulating CD4+ memory T cell populations were significantly enhanced in active IBD compared to controls. Enhancement of memory T cells was particularly found in new onset disease and correlated with disease activity scores.DiscussionOur single center cohort confirms previous results showing enhanced memory T cell populations in pediatric IBD patients, which correlate with disease activity scores. CD4+ memory T cells are a relevant pathogenic leukocyte population for disease development and perpetuation in IBD. In addition, we found a decrease of NK cells in IBD patients, which was pronounced by use of azathioprine. Surveillance of both cellular populations could possibly serve as biomarker for therapy control in pediatric IBD.
Piezosurgery in hemifacial microsomia: a promising exemption from conventional peri-osteotomy suffering
Authors: Wang Xuetong , Kim Byeong Seop , Zhang Ziwei , Wang Hayson Chenyu , Zhang Yan , Chai Gang 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionMandibular distraction osteogenesis, a recommended therapy for hemifacial microsomia, has brought much agony because of its traumatic procedures and peri-osteotomy complications. Our study aims to retrospectively compare piezoelectric osteotome with conventional reciprocal bone saw for hemifacial microsomia patients and validate its meliority in operability, surgical risks and patient outcomes.MethodsAll patients included underwent osteotomies conducted by either piezosurgery or bone saw. Information of intraoperative blood loss, operation duration, postoperative pain and complications was collected from patient files, ward round inspections and follow-ups.ResultsAmong all 40 patients, 13 underwent piezo-osteotomy. Piezosurgery performed better than conventional reciprocal bone saw in decreasing intraoperative blood loss (p &lt; 0.001) and operation duration (p = 0.030). No significant difference was found in hospitalization duration, total expenses or complication rates between two groups. There were positive relations between operation duration and intraoperative blood loss (p = 0.042), and between hospitalization duration and total expenses (p = 0.0096). Postoperative pain scores of both groups declined over time while the piezosurgery group had a statistically significant tendency (p = 0.006) to suffer less than the conventional group.DiscussionPiezosurgery diminishes intraoperative blood loss, operative duration, and postoperative pain, making an alternative to conventional osteotomes to mitigate patients' and families' peri-osteotomy sufferings, and a more humane solution to HFM.
Paeonol enhances macrophage phagocytic function by modulating lipid metabolism through the P53-TREM2 axis
Authors: Miao Jifei , Liu Xiaoming , Liao Yuanpin , Li Yiwen , Kuang Yingyan , Zheng Juanxia , Li Zigang , Lan Jiao 
Published: June 2023

Introduction: The emerging concept of immunometabolism highlights the interplay between lipid metabolism and phagocytosis in macrophages. Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2 (TREM2) has been identified as an essential modulator of both lipid metabolism and phagocytic function in macrophages. This study aims to investigate the roles of P53 and TREM2 in regulating macrophage lipid metabolism and phagocytosis and to evaluate the potential therapeutic effects of paeonol on these processes.Methods: CRISPR-Cas9 was utilized to generate P53 and TREM2 knockout RAW264.7 cell lines. The dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to assess the interaction between P53 and the TREM2 promoter. A series of functional assays were conducted to evaluate the impact of P53 and TREM2 on macrophage lipid metabolism and phagocytic function. The effects of Paeonol on these processes were also examined.Results: Our findings revealed that paeonol induces the accumulation of P53 in the nucleus. P53 acts as a transcription factor that upregulates the expression of TREM2, promoting macrophage lipid metabolism, metabolic activity, and phagocytic capacity. Additionally, dual-luciferase reporter gene assays confirmed the interaction between P53 and the TREM2 promoter.Discussion: This study provides novel insights into the roles of P53 and TREM2 in regulating macrophage lipid metabolism and phagocytic function. Further research is warranted to explore the potential applications of Paeonol and to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the observed effects.
Presenting the direct intercultural effectiveness simulation: an implicit trait policy on intercultural competence
Authors: Schelfhout Stijn , Derous Eva 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundAn implicit trait policy (ITP) represents the interaction between a personal disposition and general domain knowledge on how to effectively handle a specific (intercultural) situation. Such an ITP is a proven construct to create instruments that can predict future effective behavior. Moreover, such a simulation can provide valuable proxies for actual (future) behavior, as measures of (future) real life intercultural interactions are not always available.MethodsIn a series of three studies (N1 = 224, N2 = 291, N3 = 478), the present research introduces a “Direct Intercultural Effectiveness Simulation” or DIES, an instrument that simulates intercultural effectiveness by directly tapping into an ITP on intercultural competence.ResultsFirst and foremost, the present research demonstrates that the DIES instrument generates reliable and construct-valid measures of intercultural effectiveness. Second, the DIES instrument also shows expected converging and diverging patterns when correlated with a nomological network on intercultural effectiveness. And third, the DIES measure is further validated by integration into an ITP framework of intercultural effectiveness based on theoretical and empirical accounts from literature.ConclusionThe DIES instrument generates a reliable and valid measure of intercultural effectiveness by tapping into an ITP on intercultural competence. Theoretically, the present research integrates the instrument into literature by empirically verifying an ITP framework of intercultural effectiveness. In practice, the DIES instrument can be used as an awareness or training proxy for actual behavior to tackle important problems like ethnic prejudice and discrimination.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity and sleep among healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cui Dandan , Zhang Xiangning , Guo Jianwei 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on physical and mental health, while physical activity and sleep are two important indicators of the impact that have been explored in recent studies. However, the results of studies with different measurement methods and populations with different levels of physical activity have been diverse in that physical activity and sleep are affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in some studies but not in others. Our study aimed to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity and sleep and the role of measurement methods and populations on results.MethodsPubMed, Web of Science, and CNKI databases were used to search for related studies systematically. Study characteristics and data on physical activity and sleep were collected and analyzed from each included study. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to estimate pooled effect sizes.ResultsA total of 13 articles were included in the systematic review, 11 of which were included in the meta-analysis. We found that moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) time was 0.33 (95% CI 0.07 to 0.59) and sleep quality was 0.37 (95% CI 0.21 to 0.53) decreased, while sleep duration was −0.24 (95% CI −0.28 to −0.20) increased during the lockdown; overall physical activity time had no significant difference (p = 0.07) during the lockdown. The “wearables” subgroup had no heterogeneity (p = 0.89, I2 = 0) in sleep duration, while MVPA time measured by subjective scales was not significantly changed. The “elite athletes” subgroup had lower heterogeneity (p = 0.69, I2 = 0) in sleep duration than general adults, while the results of sleep quality for population subgroups were significant and there was no heterogeneity within either.ConclusionThe COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on MVPA time, sleep duration, and sleep quality, instead of overall physical activity time among healthy adults. The results of MVPA time and sleep duration were greatly influenced by the measurement methods, and sleep behavior differed among populations with varying physical activity levels. Thus, when researching physical activity, especially MVPA time, should consider measurement methods, and more attention should be given to differences in populations when researching sleep behavior.
Compulsive Internet Use Scale for assessment of self-reported problematic internet use in primary school-aged children
Authors: Jusienė Roma , Pakalniškienė Vilmantė , Wu Jennifer Chun-Li , Sebre Sandra B. 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionThe tremendous growth of internet use during past few decades has been primarily led by young people. Despite a plenitude of studies reporting the pros and cons of excessive internet use by adolescents, the internet use of primary school-aged children is under-researched. First, there is lack of reliable and valid cultural invariant self-report instruments for children younger than 11-years-old. Secondly, there is no consensus on whether primary school-aged children can reliably report on their internet use. This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS) as reported by primary school-aged children in three different countries/regions.MethodsPaper-pencil format CIUS questionnaires were completed by a total of 691 children aged 8 to 10 years old, 236 of them Latvian, 207 Lithuanian, and 248 Taiwanese, as well as by one of their parents, at two-time points, separated by a one-year interval. The parents also reported on the child’s emotional and behavioral difficulties.MethodsConfirmatory factor analysis indicated that for the child self-report, a 10-item CIUS showed the best fit and good psychometric properties: solid structural validity; very good internal consistency; appropriate stability and predictive validity after 1 year; as well as sound sensitivity and specificity when compared to the 14-item CIUS parent-report form. Child self-report CIUS ratings correlated with time online reported by the child and parent and with emotional and behavioral problems reported by the parent.DiscussionThis study indicates that children as young as 8–10 years old can reliably and consistently provide valuable information on their problematic use of the internet.
The impact of emotional stimuli on response inhibition in an inpatient and day-hospital patient psychosomatic cohort
Authors: Westbomke Sina , Schag Kathrin , Derntl Birgit , Zipfel Stephan , Stengel Andreas 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesTo correctly recognize and respond to your counterpart's emotion is essential for a successful get-together. To ensure this, emotional processes and inhibitory control are linked and interact with each other. However, this interaction can be altered in several mental disorders. In a group of psychosomatic patients, we investigated possible differences in the response inhibition between neutral and emotional stimuli and whether a psychosomatic inpatient and day-hospital patient treatment influences response inhibition profiles.MethodsOne hundred and one patients, diagnosed with different psychiatric diagnoses (77 women, 41.43 ± 13.13 years), completed an emotional stop-signal task (ESST) and an impulsive behavior scale upon admission in an inpatient and day-hospital patient treatment on a psychosomatic ward (T0) and at discharge (T1). Patients with depressive disorders completed the test again after 1 year (follow-up measurement T2, n = 22). Emotional stimuli were angry and neutral faces. Stop-signal reaction time (SSRT) and stop-signal delay (SSD) were calculated as the main behavioral parameters.ResultsWe found a significantly higher SSRT for neutral than angry faces at both admission (8.538 ms, p &lt; 0.001) and discharge (11.142 ms, p &lt; 0.001), with a matching higher SSD for angry than neutral faces at both timepoints (T0: 8.360 ms, p &lt; 0.001, T1: (6.950 ms, p &lt; 0.001). The SSRT for angry faces significantly decreased after treatment (-8.485 ms, p = 0.0110). For neutral faces, the decrease failed to reach significance (−5.881 ms, p = 0.250). A significant decrease in SSRT for neutral faces in patients with depressive disorders was found 1 year after discharge compared with admission (−19.040 ms, p = 0.0380).ConclusionOur data demonstrate a decreased response inhibition for neutral compared with emotional stimuli and an improved response inhibition for angry faces after discharge in a psychosomatic inpatient and day-hospital patient cohort. Additionally, patients with depressive disorders displayed a significantly better response inhibition for neutral faces 1 year after discharge compared with the baseline measurement. With this study, we provide more evidence for altered emotional response inhibition in different mental disorders and a hint that psychosomatic inpatient and day-hospital patient treatment may help to normalize it, even if the effects remained small and it needs further research to prove causality.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of trastuzumab deruxtecan in patients with HER2-low advanced breast cancer based on DESTINY-Breast04
Authors: Zhan Mei , Huang Zijia , Xu Ting , Xu Xinyi , Zheng Hanrui , Wu Fengbo 
Published: June 2023

Background and purposeBreast cancer is a rapidly raising healthcare problem worldwide. DESTINY-Breast04 demonstrated that trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-Dxd) had a survival advantage comparing to the physician's choice of chemotherapy for patients with HER2-low metastatic breast cancer. But at the same time, this expensive novel treatment also brought an economic burden. This study assessed the cost-effectiveness of T-Dxd based on results of DESTINY-Breast04 from the perspective of Chinese healthcare system.Materials and methodsA three-state partitioned-survival model [progression-free survival (PFS), progressive disease (PD) and death] based on data from DESTINY-Breast04 and Chinese healthcare system was used to estimate the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of T-Dxd vs. the physician's choice of chemotherapy for HER2-low metastatic breast cancer. Costs, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and the ICER in terms of 2022 US$ per QALY gained were calculated for both hormone receptor–positive cohort and all patients. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the model robustness.ResultsCompared with the physician's choice of chemotherapy, T-Dxd increased costs by $104,168.30, while gaining 0.31 QALYs, resulting in an ICER of $336,026.77 per QALY in all patients. The costs of T-Dxd and the utility of PFS were the crucial factors in determining the ICER. In the hormone receptor–positive cohort, the ICER was lower than that in all patients, with the ICER of $274,905.72 per QALY. The ICER was much higher than the commonly accepted willingness-to-pay threshold ($357,96.83 per QALY).ConclusionT-Dxd as second- or subsequent-line treatment is not a cost-effective treatment option for HER2-low metastatic breast cancer from the perspective of the Chinese healthcare system.