bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Cycle Fatigue and Very High Cycle Fatigue Performance of Selective Laser Melting Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Alloy—A Review
Authors: Tusher Md Mehide Hasan , Ince Ayhan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) of metallic alloys, especially titanium (Ti), has recently received considerable attention because of its significant role in designing and developing many structural components with complex geometries in aerospace, defense, and biomechanical industries. AM technology based on selective laser melting (SLM) allows the production of lightweight structures with geometric flexibility, which has not been otherwise possible by the conventional manufacturing process. SLM-fabricated Ti-6Al-4V components often experience long loading histories in high cycle fatigue (HCF) and even very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) regimes. As a result, it is paramount to systematically investigate those components’ fatigue behavior under both HCF and VHCF conditions. However, HCF and VHCF performances of SLM-Ti-6Al-4V alloy are still not fully understood because of the complex nature of fatigue responses in those regimes resulting from the defects/porosity and number of process parameters. In this context, the successful application of load-bearing components in both HCF and VHCF regimes necessitates optimizing process parameters and post-treatments for the optimal fatigue performance point of view. Several recent studies dealing with Ti-6Al-4V parts manufactured by SLM have explored parameters affecting fatigue performance in HCF and VHCF regimes. This article presents a systematic and critical review analysis of recent findings related to critical parameters, particularly residual stress, surface roughness, build parameters, build orientation microstructural features, post-process treatment, manufacturing deficiencies, specimen geometries, load ratio affecting mechanical and fatigue properties, especially in HCF and VHCF regimes. The current study also aims to identify several crucial topics that need to be addressed for SLM Ti-6Al-4V alloy to effectively utilize its full potential in the designing of advanced structural components.
Aborto em Marabá, Pará: fatores e motivos associados
Authors: Silva Ádria Rodrigues , Franco Ana Paula Mota , Leal Amélia Santos , Real Rayssa Avelar Côrte , Leite Daniela Soares 
Published: May 2023

Objetivo: identificar o perfil sociodemográfico e de abortamento provocado por mulheres residentes em Marabá, Pará e os principais fatores e motivos associados. Método: estudo quantitativo, do tipo transversal, por meio de questionários coletados de março a dezembro de 2020, envolvendo 394 mulheres residentes em Marabá, alfabetizadas e com idade maior ou igual a 18 anos. Resultados: 37 mulheres que já tiveram algum aborto estavam na faixa etária de 25 a 29 anos, com ensino superior, solteira, com renda familiar de um a dois salários-mínimos, católica e doméstica. Os principais motivos para abortar foram: falta de condições financeiras, não estar preparada para ser mãe e relação instável com o parceiro. Conclusão: o aborto provocado é reflexo de um paradigma socioeconômico desigual e sua criminalização traz impedimentos à assistência e reconhecimento do problema.
Trends in radioactive iodine treatment after total thyroidectomy in Italy, 2001–2018
Authors: Dal Maso Luigino , Pierannunzio Daniela , Francisci Silvia , De Paoli Angela , Toffolutti Federica , Vaccarella Salvatore , Franceschi Silvia , Elisei Rossella , Fedeli Ugo , _ _ 
Published: May 2023

Objective
A decrease in the use of radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment for thyroid cancer has been described in the last decade in the US following subsequent updates of the American Thyroid Association guidelines. By contrast, population-based data from European countries are lacking. The study aims to assess the frequency and long-term trends in the use of RAI in Italy.

Methods
From the Italian national hospital discharge database, the proportion of RAI treatment after total thyroidectomy with thyroid cancer diagnosis has been assessed by sex and age class during 2001–2018.

Results
Throughout the whole study period, RAI was performed after 58% of 149,419 total thyroidectomies. The use of RAI was higher for men and younger patients; it peaked in 2007 (64% in women and 68% in men) and declined thereafter (2018: 46% in women and 53% in men), with a similar pattern observed across all ages and areas.

Conclusion
National data show that in Italy trends in RAI treatment paraleled those observed in the US. Further monitoring of the use of RAI is warranted in Italy, as elsewhere, to assess the impact of international guidelines on real-life clinical management of thyroid cancer.
Connecting Coding and Policy: Getting Paid for Tobacco and Substance Use Screening and Intervention
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: May 2023

This article reviews current codes and guidelines for reporting screening or brief assessment and intervention for use of tobacco, alcohol, or other substances. Topics include codes reported for the following:
Diagnosis codes for tobacco and substance use screening and interventions Use of standardized screening instruments for risk assessment Behavior change intervention services"
Choosing Codes for Preventive Medicine Counseling
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: May 2023

The American Academy of Pediatrics Coding Hotline receives many questions about the use of the preventive medicine counseling codes alone or in conjunction with other evaluation and management (E/M) services. This article briefly discusses some of the topics that are raised in selecting codes for preventive counseling services.
Defining preventive medicine counseling Distinguishing preventive medicine counseling Selecting codes based on time
Saponin protects against cyclophosphamide-induced kidney and liver damage via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions
Authors: Golmohammadi Mohammad Ghasem , Banaei Shokofeh , Timar Mojgan , Abedi Ali 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe liver and kidney are organs affected by chemotherapy drugs such as cyclophosphamide (CP). This study examined the protective effects of treatment with saponin (SP) against CP-induced nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity.Methods24 adult male mice were divided into four groups (N = 6): Control group, CP (15 mg kg−1), SP (2.5 mg kg−1) and CP + SP. After treatment, blood samples were collected for the determination of biochemical parameters. Liver and kidney samples were taken for histological analysis and assessment of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers.ResultsCyclophosphamide decreased renal and liver functions and antioxidant enzymes, which significantly increased blood urea nitrogen and creatinine (BUN, Cr), liver enzyme levels, malondialdehyde, nuclear factor kappa β (NF-kB) and Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1B) concentrations. Moreover, histopathological findings of the CP group showed that there were acute tubular necrosis and glomerular atrophy in the renal tissues and lymphocyte infiltration in the liver samples. Treatment with saponin improved hepatic and renal functions, pathological changes and antioxidant capacity, and also decreased lipid peroxidation and inflammation.ConclusionIt seems that saponin could exert a hepato-nephroprotective effect against cyclophosphamide toxicity.
Theoretical study of chemical reactivity descriptors of some repurposed drugs for COVID-19
Authors: Morad Razieh , Akbari Mahmood , Maaza Malik 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study focuses on computational studies of chemical reactivity descriptors of some proposed drugs for COVID-19. Density functional theory calculations were used to optimize the structure and investigate the frontier orbitals and the chemical reactivity descriptors of these drugs. The frontier orbitals, which include both the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), play an essential role in molecular interactions and chemical reactivity of molecule. Polarizability, which determines the response of the susceptibility of a molecule to an approaching charge, is higher in the more complex drugs such as Hydroxychloroquine, Remdesivir, and Ivermectin compare to the smaller drugs. The HOMO and LUMO orbital energies were calculated to obtain the energy gap of the studied drugs, which is in the following order: Favipiravir < Hydroxychloroquine, Remdesivir < Ivermectin < Artesunate < Artemether < Artemisinin. Generally, molecules with a larger energy gap have lower chemical reactivity and higher kinetic stability.
Graphical abstract
Usability of Assistive Technologies for the Learners with Hearing Impairment in Federal College of Education
Authors: Daramola Florence Olutunu 
Published: May 2023

The study was geared towards the usability of assistive technologies for learners with hearing impairment. Descriptive research of the Survey design was adopted. The sample comprised of one hundred and ten hearing impaired students of Federal College of Education (Special) Oyo. An adopted checklist and a structured questionnaire were utilized in collecting data while simple percentages, mean standard deviation, and t-test was used to analyze the data collected. The results of the study indicated that assistive technologies in FCE (SP) Oyo are generally available and functional; the use of assistive technologies among the learners with hearing impairment in FCE (SP) Oyo is high. Also, the result indicated that learners with hearing impairment in FCE (SP) Oyo have a positive attitude towards the use of assistive technologies. There was no significant difference between male and female learners with hearing impairment in the use of assistive technologies in FCE (SP) Oyo. It was recommended among others that learners with hearing impairment should be encouraged to adopt the ultimate use of assistive technologies.
Comparison of cytokine secretion and study of their effect on erythropoiesis in patients with malignant neoplasms with anemia of chronic disease, iron deficiency anemia, and their combination
Authors: Sakhin V. T. , Kryukov E. V. , Kazakov S. P. , Sotnikov A. V. , Gordienko A. V. , Zavartsev M. A. , Rukavitsyn O. A. 
Published: May 2023

Aim. To compare the secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in cancer patients with anemia of chronic disease (ACD), iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and a combination of these two anemia types. To assess the effect of the studied cytokines on erythropoiesis in patients with malignant neoplasms separately for each type of anemia studied.Materials and methods. 106 patients with stage II–IV of solid malignant neoplasms were examined: 84 with anemia (55 men, 29 women, 67.1 ± 9.9 years), 22 without anemia (17 men, 5 women, mean age 60.2 ± 14.9 years). In accordance with Van Santen and Worwood criteria, by determining the transferrin saturation coefficient, ferritin concentrations, C-reactive protein, patients were divided into 4 groups: group 1 – patients with ACD, 31 (20 / 11 patients), 2 group – ACD / IDA, 28 (18 / 10 patients), group 3 – IDA, 25 (17 / 8 patients), group 4 (control) – 22 patients without anemia. In all patients, the number of erythrocytes, the concentration of hemoglobin, ferritin, C-reactive protein, transferrin saturation coefficient, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10 were determined. For quantitative indicators, the arithmetic mean and interquartile range (IQR) were calculated. Significance of differences between several unrelated groups was determined using the Kruskal–Wallis test. To assess the relationship between variables, the Spearman correlation coefficient (r) was calculated.Results. In the ACD group, the maximum IL-6 concentration was 73.3 (IQR 6.2–51), TNF-α – 24.4 (IQR 15.3–60.7) and IL-10 – 8.7 (IQR 4.7–12.1) compared with the ACH3 / IDA group (IL-6 – 9.3 [IQR 4.4–13.2], TNF-α – 7.2 [IQR 4.5–9.6] and IL-10 – 6.7 [IQR 4.1–11.4]), and the IDA group (IL-6 – 3.4 [IQR 1.4–5.9], TNF-α – 4.6 [IQR 3.7–6] and IL-10 – 2.5 [IQR 0–5]) (p <0.05). In the ACD group, the highest correlation coefficients were found between IL-6 and erythrocytes (r = –0.74) and hemoglobin (r = –0.88), between TNF-α and erythrocytes (r = –0.66) and hemoglobin (r = –0.77), between IL-10 and erythrocytes (r = –0.36) and hemoglobin (r = –0.63). In the IDA group, the correlation coefficients between cytokines, erythrocytes, and hemoglobin are low or absent.Conclusion. In cancer patients, ACD, IDA, as well as their combination can occur. Increased cytokine secretion in ACD group patients is important due to the proven strong negative effect of cytokines on erythropoiesis. Further study of ACD pathogenesis is needed in order to improve treatment.
Significance of bone marrow immunohistochemical analysis in patients with plasma cell neoplasms
Authors: Kozich Zh. M. , Martinkov V. N. , Zhandarov M. Yu. , Pugacheva Zh. N. , Klimkovich N. N. 
Published: May 2023

Background. The group of plasma cell neoplasms includes benign and malignant diseases. Sometimes there are difficulties in making a diagnosis. The study of the diagnostic and prognostic significance of immunohistochemical (IHC) markers is of current interest.Aim. To study the significance of IHC markers and histological features of the bone marrow in primary diagnosis in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS).Materials and methods. The study included 287 patients with plasma cell neoplasms: MGUS (n = 148), MM (n = 139). The observation period was 50 months. All patients have performed an aspiration biopsy and histological examination of the bone marrow with IHC analysis of CD138+, CD56+, CD34+, κ- and λ-chains expression.Results. During the observation period the progression of MGUS to MM was recorded in 8.8 % (n = 13) of cases, the progression of MM was determined in 38.1 % (n = 53) of cases.In patients with MGUS and MM the determined percentage of plasma cells at aspiration biopsy was somewhat lower than at histological examination (p >0.001). Statistically significant differences were determined between the groups MGUS and MM by the type of infiltration (р <0.001). With an increase in the percentage of bone marrow lesions by IHC (<20 % vs. 20–50 % and 20–50 % vs. >50 %), in our study interstitial and diffuse type of lesion with large accumulations was more common compared to the nodular type (p = 0.001).The CD138+ expression (IHC) more than 10 % was associated with a decrease of progression-free survival in patients with MGUS.In MM patients with an interstitial type of bone marrow infiltration and CD138+ over 10 % osteodestructive syndrome was detected by X-ray methods in 82.9 % of cases.Determination of CD56+ and immunoglobulin light chains expression in patients with MM and MGUS indicated an unfavorable prognosis.Resistance to chemotherapy or disease progression in MM patients most often occurred with a combination of IgG and immunoglobulin light chains secretion, with CD138+ plasma cells more than 50 % according to IHC, with a diffuse type of bone marrow lesion with accumulations of plasma cells. MGUS patients progressed more frequently with more than 20 % CD138+ plasma cells according to IHC, interstitial type and diffuse plasma cells accumulation type of bone marrow lesion, secretion of IgG or two immunoglobulins.Conclusion. The significance of the IHC study in the diagnosis of plasma cell neoplasms was confirmed. Markers associated with the disease progression and chemotherapy resistance in patients with MGUS and MM were identified.
Creating New Abilities with Language
Authors: Watson Douglas 
Published: May 2023

This article explains how new abilities are acquired when speaking a language that I call the Soral language. The language is created with the aid of computer technology that organizes the words in a way that enables our brain to attach meaning to the sound of the words. The following abilities are acquired when speaking the language.

The ability to understand the meaning of words that have never been heard before or seen in a book.
Improved ability to recall words from memory.
Larger vocabulary.
Improved conversational skills.
Improved understanding of the meaning of words.
Ability to understand medical and other technical terms without formal training.
Ability to learn the language more easily than other languages.
CONSTRUCTION OF MULTILEVEL STATISTICAL MODELS FOR PREDICTING WETTABILITY INDICATORS OF EASTERN LAMBEISHOR AND YAREYU FIELDS
Authors: Saetgaraev Almir D. , Galkin Vladislav I. , Putilov Ivan S. , Nevolin Anton I. 
Published: May 2023

Link for citation: Saetgaraev A.D., Galkin V.I., Putilov I.S., Nevolin A.I. Сonstruction of multilevel statistical models for predicting wettability indicators of Eastern Lambeishor and Yareyu fields. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. Geo Аssets Engineering, 2023, vol. 334, no. 5, рр.63-69. In Rus.
The relevance. All domestic standards for laboratory studies of core oil and gas reservoirs prescribe to clean it from hydrocarbons by extraction. Cleaning of core samples is included in the stage of preparation for the main types of research. For this, a wide range of different solvents and special extraction and distillation apparatuses are used. Core samples placed in the apparatus undergo multiple cleaning cycles for a long time with high -temperature exposure. This approach to the preparation of core samples is traditional and is used for both standard and special studies. However, extraction leads to a distorted understanding of the natural wettability of the rock surface, which is subject to change and, as a rule, hydrophilizes. In this regard, it is of scientific and practical interest to assess rock wettability at various stages of sample preparation – before and after the extraction. The main aim: development of a methodology for predicting the wettability of core samples before extraction from hydrocarbons using statistical research methods. Objects: core samples of the Zadonskaya deposit (D3zd) of the Eastern Lambeishor field, Artinskaya (P1ar) and Assel-Sakmarskaya (P1a+s) deposits of the Yareyu field. Methods: Amott (Amott–Harvey) method, statistical methods. Results. With the help of a set of laboratory studies using various statistical methods, a methodology was developed for predicting the values of the wettability index for oil before extraction based on the porosity and permeability properties of core samples.
INFLUENCE OF THE TEMPERATURE OF STEAM INJECTION INTO THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF A GAS-STEAM PLANT ON ITS ENERGY CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Galashov Nikolay N. , Tubolev Alexander A. , Minor Alexander A. , Boldushevsky Evgeny S. 
Published: May 2023

Link for citation: Galashov N.N., Tubolev A.A., Minor A.A., Boldushevsky E.S. Influence of the temperature of steam injection into the combustion chamber of a gas-steam plant on its energy characteristics. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. Geo Аssets Engineering, 2023, vol. 334, no. 5, рр.27-36. In Rus.
The relevance the work is caused by the need to improve thermal schemes and optimization of the parameters of gas-steam plants for reducing the consumption of such an energy resource as natural gas in electricity generation, which will also reduce the amount of harmful emissions into the environment. Purpose: to carry out, according to the developed methodology, a versatile parametric analysis with the choice of the optimal parameters of the operating modes of the proposed thermal schemes of gas-steam plants to improve their energy efficiency. Objects: gas-steam plants with the release of electricity based on gas turbines with steam injection into the combustion chamber. Methods: numerical methods of research based on material and energy balances of systems, as well as elements of gas-steam plants. Results. Based on the calculation of the thermal scheme of a gas-steam plant with electricity generation, the authors compared the effect on its energy characteristics of a constant and variable temperature of steam injection into the combustion chamber of a gas turbine plant. It was determined that the temperature of the injected steam into the combustion chamber significantly affects the range of parameters of the gas-steam plant. Increasing the compression ratio in the compressor and the temperature of the gases at the outlet of the combustion chamber lead to decrease in the range of parameters in comparison with the operation of a gas-steam plant with a constant temperature of the injected steam into the combustion chamber. In this case, the range of change in the temperature of the injected vapor with an increase in the degree of compression in the compressor and the temperature of the gases at the outlet of the combustion chamber is significantly reduced. It was established that the to its constant temperature at the same gas temperature at the outlet of the combustion chamber and the minimum compression ratio in the compressor for this temperature increases the net electrical efficiency from 1 % at gas temperature of 1600 °С to 3 % at gas temperature of 1100 °C.
Una reevaluación del desarrollo de la sociedad compleja durante el Precerámico Tardío en base a los fechados radiocarbónicos y a las investigaciones arqueológicas en el valle de Casma
Authors: Pozorski Thomas , Pozorski Shelia 
Published: May 2023

En muchos aspectos, los sitios precerámicos de Casma son típicos de las ocupaciones precerámicas del resto del Perú. Sin embargo, en los sitios de Tortugas y Huaynuná de Casma se encuentran los inicios de la arquitectura no doméstica o monumental. Además, en el sitio de Huaynuná tambien hay evidencia de una ocupación "acerámica" que coexistía con los primeros asentamientos con cerámica del Periodo Inicial o Formativo Temprano. El reconocimiento de los sitios acerámicos en Casma llamó la atención a otros sitios que, aunque carecen de cerámica, tienen fechados radiocarbónicos después de 1800 a.C., es decir durante lo que típicamente se consideraba como el Formativo Temprano. Este hallazgo tiene implicaciones con respecto a la hipótesis marítima y el desarrollo de la sociedad compleja en la costa peruana.
Arquitectura, urbanismo y transformaciones territoriales del Período Paracas en el valle de Chincha
Authors: Canziani José 
Published: May 2023

A propósito de las interrogantes que envuelven hasta hoy la indefinición de la formación social Paracas, se considera que el análisis de la arquitectura, el urbanismo y las transformaciones territoriales asumen un rol fundamental para proponer hipótesis y aproximarnos al conocimiento de sus posibles características. A diferencia de otros valles de la costa sur, en el valle de Chincha, se encuentran consistentes expresiones de arquitectura monumental, de organización urbana y de transformaciones territoriales, que —en conjunto— adquieren un carácter excepcional en el espacio regional paracas. Esta condición especial del valle nos ofrece un escenario único, que permite construir inferencias cruciales acerca de los niveles del desarrollo económico y social que habría alcanzado esta sociedad.Sin embargo, este panorama contrasta con el escaso avance de las investigaciones arqueológicas desarrolladas en el valle. Este aspecto nos plantea la paradoja de mantener un marcado vacío de conocimientos precisamente allí, en el lugar que constituyó un aparente espacio nuclear de la articulación social y cultural de lo que definimos como Paracas. En este artículo, me propongo hacer una revisión y una discusión crítica de esta temática, a partir de los trabajos que desarrollamos anteriormente sobre el manejo territorial, el urbanismo y la arquitectura paracas en el valle de Chincha.