bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
iPAPP: study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial comparing safety and efficacy of intravenous paracetamol and indomethacin for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants
Authors: Namba Fumihiko , Honda Masakazu , Sakatani Shun , Motojima Yukiko , Kikuchi Kayoko , Sako Mayumi , Ogawa Kunio , Mikami Masashi , Kawada Kou , Fukuoka Noriyasu , Ueda Keiko 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionPatent ductus arteriosus (PDA) causes severe morbidity in premature infants. Although the use of indomethacin is the standard therapy for PDA, it is sometimes not applicable because of its adverse effects, such as renal and platelet dysfunctions. Paracetamol has emerged as an alternative to indomethacin owing to its excellent safety profile in infants. Of the recently reported case series and clinical trials on the use of paracetamol for PDA, there are few reports in Japan on paracetamol use in preterm infants. Furthermore, indications for the use of paracetamol for PDA have not been approved for use in PDA. While the safety of intravenous paracetamol therapy in case series of preterm infants treated for haemodynamically significant PDA (hsPDA) has been reported, studies which were conducted to compare paracetamol to indomethacin are limited. We, therefore, intend to investigate the hypothesis that intravenous administration of paracetamol has superior safety over indomethacin.Methods and analysisMulticentre open-label randomised controlled trial for intravenous administration of paracetamol for PDA in preterm infants. The inclusion criteria are (1) hsPDA, (2) gestational age from 24 to 34 weeks and birth weight (BW) from 500 to 2000 g, (3) enrolment between 24 hours and 7 days from birth and (4) obtaining parental consent. The primary outcome is renal dysfunction within 48 hours from the last dose of the study drug. Enrolled patients fulfilling all the inclusion criteria are randomly allocated to either intravenous paracetamol or intravenous indomethacin. This trial requires 110 patients.Ethics and disseminationThe clinical trial would follow Japan’s Clinical Trials Act. The trial protocol was approved by the Clinical Research Review Board of Saitama Medical University (approval number: 222001). A written informed consent would be obtained from one of the parents. The results are expected to be published in a scientific journal.Trial registration numberjRCTs031220386.Protocol version31 March 2022, version 1.0.
Neostigmine for the treatment of acute pancreatitis: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: He Kun , Yan Xiaxiao , Yang Zihan , Zhang Yuelun , Shu Huijun , Wu Dong 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionAcute pancreatitis (AP) is a common disease with substantial mortality. Gut dysfunction may result in abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) and delay enteral nutrition, worsening AP condition. Neostigmine is used as a prokinetic drug for the treatment of AP. But there are no recommendations from guidelines due to the lack of evidence. Therefore, we plan to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the efficacy and safety of neostigmine for AP, aiming to provide current evidence for clinical practice.Methods and analysisWe prepared this protocol following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols. We will search the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Wanfang, conference proceedings and ongoing trials registers for eligible studies comparing neostigmine plus conventional therapy with conventional therapy. Primary outcomes include new-onset ACS and serious adverse events caused by neostigmine. Evaluation of the risk of bias, heterogeneity and quality of evidence will follow recommendations of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Trial sequential analysis will be used to control the risk of random errors and assess conclusions in the meta-analysis.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is unnecessary as the systematic review is based on published studies. Study findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022369536.
Skin-to-skin contact in the delivery room for very preterm infants: a randomised clinical trial
Authors: Kristoffersen Laila , Bergseng Håkon , Engesland Helene , Bagstevold Anne , Aker Karoline , Støen Ragnhild 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveEvaluating safety, feasibility and effects on physiological parameters of skin-to-skin contact (SSC) from birth between mothers and very preterm infants in a high-income setting.DesignOpen-label randomised controlled trial.SettingThree Norwegian neonatal units.PatientsPreterm infants at gestational age (GA) 280–316weeks and birth weight >1000g delivered vaginally or by caesarean section (C-section).InterventionTwo hours of early SSC between the mother and the infant compared to standard care (SC) where the infant is separated from the mother and transferred to the neonatal unit in an incubator.Results108 infants (63% male, 57% C-section, mean (SD) GA 30.3 weeks (1.3) and birth weight 1437 g (260)) were included. Median (IQR) age at randomisation was 23 min (17–30). During the first 2 hours after randomisation, 4% (2 of 51) and 7% (4 of 57) were hypothermic (<36.0°C) in the SSC and SC group, respectively (p=0.68, OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.1 to 3.1). Significantly fewer infants in the SSC group had hyperthermia (>37.5°C) (26% (13 of 57) vs 47% (27 of 51), respectively, p=0.02, OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2 to 0.9). No infant needed mechanical ventilation within the first 2 hours. Median (IQR) duration of SSC was 120 (80–120) min in the intervention group. There was no difference in heart rate, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation between groups during the first 24 hours.ConclusionThis study from a high-income setting confirmed that SSC from birth for very preterm infants was safe and feasible. Physiological parameters were not affected by the intervention. The long-term effects on neurodevelopment, maternal–infant bonding and maternal mental health will be collected.Trial registration numberNCT02024854.
Contraceptive use and pregnancy planning in Britain during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic: findings from a large, quasi-representative survey (Natsal-COVID)
Authors: Baxter Andrew J , Geary Rebecca S , Dema Emily , Bosó Pérez Raquel , Riddell Julie , Willis Malachi , Conolly Anne , Oakley Laura L , Copas Andrew J , Gibbs Jo , Bonell Christopher , Sonnenberg Pam , Mercer Catherine H , Clifton Soazig , Field Nigel , Mitchell Kirsten 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundContraceptive services were significantly disrupted during the COVID-19 pandemic in Britain. We investigated contraception-related health inequalities in the first year of the pandemic.MethodsNatsal-COVID Wave 2 surveyed 6658 adults aged 18–59 years between March and April 2021, using quotas and weighting to achieve quasi-representativeness. Our analysis included sexually active participants aged 18–44 years, described as female at birth. We analysed contraception use, contraceptive switching due to the pandemic, contraceptive service access, and pregnancy plannedness.ResultsOf 1488 participants, 1619 were at risk of unplanned pregnancy, of whom 54.1% (51.0%–57.1%) reported routinely using effective contraception in the past year. Among all participants, 14.3% (12.5%–16.3%) reported switching or stopping contraception due to the pandemic. 3.2% (2.0%–5.1%) of those using effective methods pre-pandemic switched to less effective methods, while 3.8% (2.5%–5.9%) stopped. 29.3% (26.9%–31.8%) of at-risk participants reported seeking contraceptive services, of whom 16.4% (13.0%–20.4%) reported difficulty accessing services. Clinic closures and cancelled appointments were commonly reported pandemic-related reasons for difficulty accessing services. This unmet need was associated with younger age, diverse sexual identities and anxiety symptoms. Of 199 pregnancies, 6.6% (3.9%–11.1%) scored as ‘unplanned’; less planning was associated with younger age, lower social grade and unemployment.ConclusionsJust under a third of participants sought contraceptive services during the pandemic and most were successful, indicating resilience and adaptability of service delivery. However, one in six reported an unmet need due to the pandemic. COVID-induced inequalities in service access potentially exacerbated existing reproductive health inequalities. These should be addressed in the post-pandemic period and beyond.
Blood pressure self-monitoring practice and associated factors among adult hypertensive patients on follow-up at South Wollo Zone Public Hospitals, Northeast Ethiopia
Authors: Edmealem Afework , Geleta Esmael , Mengesha Zemen , Tegegne Belachew , Ademe Sewunet , Liknaw Tiliksew 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundHypertension is a silent killer that causes serious health issues in all parts of the world. It is risk factor for cardiovascular disease, stroke and kidney disease. Self-monitoring practice has been identified as an important component of hypertension management. Hence, this study aimed to assess blood pressure (BP) self-monitoring practice and associated factors among adult hypertensive patients on follow-up in South Wollo Zone public hospitals, Northeast Ethiopia.MethodsHospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 June 2022 to 30 June 2022, among 336 adult hypertensive patients on follow-up at selected South Wollo Zone public hospitals. Data were collected by using self-administered pretested structured questionnaires; the collected data were entered into Epi-data V.4.6 and then exported to SPSS V.25 software for analysis. Descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage were used to describe the study participants. Tables and texts were used for data presentation. Binary logistic regression was conducted to test the association between the independent and dependent variables. Adjusted OR (AOR) with 95% CI was estimated to identify the factors associated with BP self-monitoring and the level of significance was declared at p<0.05.ResultsThe proportion (95% CI) of BP self-monitoring practice among hypertensive patients in South Wollo Zone Public Hospitals was 8.93% (95% CI 6.3% to 12.5%). In the multivariable analysis, urban residence (AOR 3.97, 95% CI (1.11 to 14.20)), comorbidity (AOR 4.80, 95% CI (1.23 to 18.69)), regular healthcare professional visit (AOR 4.64, 95% CI (1.02 to 21.14)), advice on the type of devices used for BP self-monitoring (AOR 5.26, 95% CI (1.49 to 18.58)) and knowledge on hypertension self-care (AOR 13.13, 95% CI (4.21 to 40.99)) were positively associated with BP self-monitoring practice.ConclusionThe proportion of BP self-monitoring practice was low. Living in urban areas, comorbidity, regular healthcare professional visits, advice on the type of devices used for BP self-monitoring, and knowledge of hypertension self-care were positively associated with BP self-monitoring practice.
Sex differences in the efficacy, safety and persistence of patients with psoriatic arthritis treated with tofacitinib: a post-hoc analysis of phase 3 trials and long-term extension
Authors: Eder Lihi , Gladman Dafna D , Mease Philip , Pollock Remy A , Luna Rayana , Aydin Sibel Z , Ogdie Alexis , Polachek Ari , Gruben David , Cadatal Mary Jane , Kinch Cassandra , Strand Vibeke 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundEvaluate the impact of sex on tofacitinib efficacy, safety and persistence (time to discontinuation) in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA).MethodsData were pooled from two phase 3 randomised controlled trials. Patients were randomised to tofacitinib 5 mg or 10 mg two times per day, adalimumab 40 mg every 2 weeks or placebo. Efficacy outcomes to month 12 included American College of Rheumatology (ACR)20/50/70, minimal disease activity (MDA), Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI)75, change from baseline (∆) in Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI) and ∆Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F). Safety was assessed to month 12 and persistence was assessed to month 42 of a long-term extension study.ResultsOverall, 816 patients were included (54.3% females). At baseline, higher tender joint counts, enthesitis scores and worse HAQ-DI and FACIT-F were reported in females versus males; presence of dactylitis and PASI were greater in males versus females. At month 3, tofacitinib efficacy generally exceeded placebo in both sexes. Overall, similar ACR20/50/70, PASI75, ∆HAQ-DI and ∆FACIT-F were observed for tofacitinib between sexes; females were less likely to achieve MDA. Similar proportions of males/females receiving tofacitinib (both doses) experienced treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs). Serious AEs occurred in 3.4%/6.6% and 4.0%/5.9% males/females with tofacitinib 5 mg and 10 mg two times per day. Persistence was generally similar between sexes.ConclusionTofacitinib efficacy exceeded placebo in both sexes and was comparable between sexes. Consistent with previous studies of PsA treatments, females were less likely to achieve MDA, likely due to baseline differences. Safety and time to discontinuation were generally similar between sexes.Trial registration numberNCT01877668;NCT01882439;NCT01976364.
Risk of cancer in Korean patients with psoriatic arthritis: a nationwide population-based cohort study
Authors: Eun Yeonghee , Hwang Jiwon , Seo Gi Hyeon , Ahn Joong Kyong 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveWhile many studies on the increased risk of cancer in patients with psoriasis are available, data on the risk of cancer in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are still scarce. We assessed the risk of cancer in patients with PsA in a nationwide population-based cohort in Korea.MethodsFrom 2010 to June 2021, patients newly diagnosed with PsA and 1:10 age-matched and sex-matched controls were included in this study. The outcome was the incidence of overall and specific cancers.ResultsTotal 162 cancers occurred in 4688 PsA patients (incidence rate 83.2 (95% CI 70.8 to 97.0) per 10 000 person-years) and 1307 cancers occurred in 46 880 controls (incidence rate 66.9 (95% CI 63.3 to 70.6) per 10 000 person-years). The adjusted HR (aHR) of overall cancer in PsA patients was 1.20 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.41). However, this significance disappeared when non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) was excluded (aHR 1.16, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.37). Among specific cancers, the risk of NMSC (aHR 3.64 (95% CI 1.61 to 8.23)), lymphoma (aHR 2.63 (95% CI 1.30 to 5.30)) and thyroid cancer (aHR 1.83 (95% CI 1.18 to 2.85)) was higher in patients with PsA than in controls.ConclusionThe risk of overall cancer was higher in patients with PsA than in the general population. Patients with PsA had increased risks of NMSC, lymphoma and thyroid cancer compared with the general population. Our findings suggest a need to conduct cancer screening by a detailed history and comprehensive clinical examination in patients with PsA.
Perception of exercise-induced dyspnea after experimentally induced breathing discomfort
Authors: Chang Jou-Chung , Angus Sarah A. , Doherty Connor J. , Thompson Benjamin P. , Mann Leah M. , Molgat-Seon Yannick , Dominelli Paolo B. 
Published: March 2023

The perception of dyspnea is influenced by both physiological and psychological factors. We sought to determine whether exertional dyspnea perception could be experimentally manipulated through prior exposure to heightened dyspnea while exercising. We hypothesized that dyspnea perception during exercise would be lower following an induced dyspnea task (IDT). Sixteen healthy participants (eight females, eight males) completed two days of exercise testing. Day 1 involved an incremental cycle exercise test starting at 40 W for females and 60 W for males, increasing by 20 W each minute until volitional exhaustion. Following the maximal exercise test on Day 1, participants completed IDT, involving 5 min of exercise at 70% of peak work rate with 500 mL dead space and external resistance (i.e., 6.8 ± 2.3 cm·H2O·s−1·L−1 inspiration, 3.8 ± 0.7 cm·H2O·s−1·L−1 expiration). Day 2 consisted of an incremental exercise test identical to Day 1. At maximal exercise, there were no differences in oxygen uptake (V̇O2; 44.7 ± 7.7 vs. 46.5 ± 6.3 mL·kg−1·min−1), minute ventilation (120 ± 35 vs. 127 ± 38 L·min−1), dyspnea (6.5 [4, 8.5] vs. 6 [4.25, 8.75]), or leg discomfort (6 [5, 8.75] vs. 7 [5, 9]) between days (all p > 0.05). At 60%–80% of peak V̇O2 (V̇O2peak), dyspnea was significantly lower on Day 2 (−0.75 [−1.375, 0] for 60% and −0.5 [0, −2] for 80%, p < 0.05) despite no differences in relevant physiological variables. The onset of perceived dyspnea occurred at a significantly higher exercise intensity on Day 2 than on Day 1 (42% ± 19% vs. 51% ± 17% V̇O2peak, respectively; p < 0.05). Except for 40% V̇O2peak ( p = 0.05), RPE-L was not different at any intensities nor was the onset of perceived leg discomfort different between days (38% ± 14% vs. 43% ± 10% V̇O2peak, respectively; p = 0.10). Exposure to heightened dyspnea alters exercise-induced dyspnea perception during subsequent submaximal exercise bouts.
Gravitational matter creation, multi-fluid cosmology and kinetic theory
Authors: Trevisani S. R. G. , Lima J. A. S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA macroscopic and kinetic relativistic description for a decoupled multi-fluid cosmology endowed with gravitationally induced particle production of all components is proposed. The temperature law for each decoupled particle species is also kinetically derived. The present approach points to the possibility of an exact (semi-classical) quantum-gravitational kinetic treatment by incorporating back reaction effects for an arbitrary set of dominant decoupled components. As an illustration we show that a cosmology driven by creation of cold dark matter and baryons (without dark energy) evolves like $$\Lambda $$
Λ
CDM. However, the complete physical emulation is broken when photon creation is added to the mixture thereby pointing to a crucial test in the future. The present analysis also open up a new window to investigate the Supernova-CMB tension on the values of $$H_0$$

H
0

, as well as the $$S_8$$

S
8

tension since creation of all components changes slightly the CMB results and the expansion history both at early and late times. Finally, it is also argued that cross-correlations between CMB temperature maps and the Sunyaev–Zeldovich effect may provide a crucial and accurate test confronting extended CCDM and $$\Lambda $$
Λ
CDM models.
Noncommutative Dirac and Schrödinger equations in the background of the new generalized Morse potential and a class of Yukawa potential with the improved Coulomb-like tensor potential as a tensor in 3D-ERQM and 3D-ENRQM symmetries
Authors: Maireche Abdelmadjid 
Published: March 2023

Relativistic and nonrelativistic quantum mechanics formulated in a noncommutative space–space have recently become the object of renewed interest. In the context of three-dimensional extended relativistic quantum mechanics (3D-ERQM) symmetries with arbitrary spin-orbit coupling quantum number [Formula: see text], we approximate to solve the deformed Dirac equation for a new suggested new generalized Morse potential and a class of Yukawa potential including improved Coulomb-like tensor interaction (N(GMP-CYP) plus ICLTI). In the framework of the spin and pseudospin (p-spin) symmetry, we obtain the global new energy eigenvalue which equals the energy eigenvalue in the usual relativistic QM as the main part plus three corrected parts produced from the effect of the spin-orbit interaction, the new modified Zeeman, and the rotational Fermi term, by using the parametric of the well-known Bopp’s shift method and standard perturbation theory using Greene–Aldrich approximation to nonlinear and exponential terms in the effective potential. The new values that we got appeared sensitive to the quantum numbers ([Formula: see text]), the mixed potential depths ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]), the range of the potential [Formula: see text] and noncommutativity parameters ([Formula: see text],[Formula: see text],[Formula: see text]). We have studied the nonrelativistic limit of new spin symmetry under the N(GMP-ICYP) model, we will also treat some important special cases such as the new generalized Morse potential, the new class of Yukawa potential, the new Hellmann potential, the new inversely quadratic Yukawa potential, the new Hulthén potential and new Coulomb potential. Finally, we studied a case of composite systems.
Financial Development and Environmental Degradation: Promoting Low-Carbon Competitiveness in E-7 Economies’ Industries
Authors: Musa Hani Amer , Sabbar Sabbar Dahham , Kadir Abdul Rahman , Nohong Mursalim , Munizu Musran , Anwar Anas Iswanto , Al-Mhasnah Anas Mosleh Marzoq 
Published: March 2023

Rapid industrialisation and economic growth among the emerging E-7 economic countries (China, India, Indonesia, Brazil, Mexico, Russia, and Turkey) negatively degrade the environment in the region. Therefore, this study investigates the relationship between financial development and environmental degradation to promote low-carbon transition. The methodology of data collection techniques employed is the generalised method of moments (GMM) using a one-step and two-step approach, and a seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) test is used to obtain the study objectives. The empirical outcomes unveiled that fiscal decentralisation and financial inclusion favourably moderate the impact of total carbon emission (TCE) and carbon emission per capita on energy (CEPE) intensity. Ecological quality degrades by increasing financial development; however, human capital and institutional quality reduce environmental degradation. The causality analysis suggested that any policy related to economic growth, human capital, and institutional quality will affect the environment. Additionally, an institution’s quality reduces the negative ecological impacts caused by financial development. In conclusion, emerging economies should promote environmental sustainability by fostering human capital and effectively using financial resources. Also, economic growth in E-7 countries is responsible for reducing carbon emissions; therefore, E-7 governments should prioritise research into low-carbon technology and renewable energy sources, and the financial sector must play its role to give more capital that prioritises environmentally conscious enterprises and encourages strategies that minimise environmental impact.