bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exposed: On Shame and Nakedness
Authors: Westerlund Fredrik 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article develops a new phenomenological account of the shame people typically tend to feel when seen naked by others. Although shame at nakedness is a paradigmatic and widespread form of shame, it has been under-explored in the literature on shame. The central thesis of the article is that shame at nakedness is rooted in our desire for social affirmation and constituted by our capacity for social self-consciousness. I argue that our ability to sense how others see us and judge us gives rise to a dynamic tension between our effort to control our public self-presentation and the experience of being exposed to others in an uncontrolled manner. What makes us prone to feel shame or shame anxiety at being seen naked is that we feel that we have revealed our naked and true self as potentially or actually shameful and that our public persona has been undermined. Furthermore, the vulnerability and lack of control that are part and parcel of naked exposure can be a source of shame. In my analysis, shame at nakedness encompasses both literal bodily nakedness and other kinds of uncontrolled and unguarded exposure. The article also offers an argument as to the roots of the more or less ubiquitous tendency to feel shame at exhibiting one’s genitals in public. I develop my account through critical engagements with the main contemporary attempts to account for shame at nakedness, critiquing their insufficiencies and reframing their insights.
Motivating children to (pre)monitor: positive effects on monitoring accuracy?
Authors: Wacker Sophie , Roebers Claudia M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWhen young children evaluate their confidence, their monitoring is often overoptimistic, that is, inaccurate. The present study investigated a potential underlying mechanism for kindergarteners’ and second graders’ overconfidence within a paired associates learning paradigm. We implemented a pre-monitoring phase motivating children to differentially evaluate their confidence for each alternative before children could choose an answer in the subsequent recognition phase. For one, we intended to weaken the influence of one single and prepotently selected memory trace. For another, we motivated and enabled children to evaluate all four answer alternatives concerning their certainty before evaluating their final recognition choice by giving a confidence judgment. We compared monitoring discrimination and monitoring bias with a control condition whose task sequence did not include a pre-monitoring judgment. Contrary to our expectations, the pattern of results indicated that being instructed to pre-monitor did increase and not decrease overconfidence in young children. The present results will be discussed against the background of memory-metamemory interaction, confirmation bias, and methodological issues.
Discovering Distinct Phenotypical Clusters in Heart Failure Across the Ejection Fraction Spectrum: a Systematic Review
Authors: Meijs Claartje , Handoko M. Louis , Savarese Gianluigi , Vernooij Robin W. M. , Vaartjes Ilonca , Banerjee Amitava , Koudstaal Stefan , Brugts Jasper J. , Asselbergs Folkert W. , Uijl Alicia 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Review Purpose
This systematic review aims to summarise clustering studies in heart failure (HF) and guide future clinical trial design and implementation in routine clinical practice.

Findings
34 studies were identified (n = 19 in HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF)). There was significant heterogeneity invariables and techniques used. However, 149/165 described clusters could be assigned to one of nine phenotypes: 1) young, low comorbidity burden; 2) metabolic; 3) cardio-renal; 4) atrial fibrillation (AF); 5) elderly female AF; 6) hypertensive-comorbidity; 7) ischaemic-male; 8) valvular disease; and 9) devices. There was room for improvement on important methodological topics for all clustering studies such as external validation and transparency of the modelling process.

Summary
The large overlap between the phenotypes of the clustering studies shows that clustering is a robust approach for discovering clinically distinct phenotypes. However, future studies should invest in a phenotype model that can be implemented in routine clinical practice and future clinical trial design.

Graphical Abstract
HF = heart failure, EF = ejection fraction, HFpEF = heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, HFrEF = heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, CKD = chronic kidney disease, AF = atrial fibrillation, IHD = ischaemic heart disease, CAD = coronary artery disease, ICD = implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, CRT = cardiac resynchronization therapy, NT-proBNP = N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide, BMI = Body Mass Index, COPD = Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Non-ionic Fatliquoring and Lubricating Agents Based on Ethoxylated Jojoba Fatty Acids
Authors: Nashy EL -Shahat H. A. , Abo-ELwafa Ghada A. , Aly Saadia M. , Masoud Ragab A. , Elsayed Hamed 
Published: July 2023

AbstractJojoba oil is a non-edible oil that has great importance for industrial applications. Naturally fatty acids derivatives were utilized as intermediate feed stocks in many industrial applications to replace harmful and costly petrochemicals. The aim of this work was to utilize jojoba fatty acids through an ethoxylation reaction to obtain natural fatty ethoxylates, which can be used in the preparation of non-ionic surfactants as a stable and good fat-liquoring agent with a harmless and healthy effect to replace the synthetic oil employed. The ethoxylation of fatty acids derived from jojoba oil was carried out using ethylene oxide gas in the presence of potassium carbonate, which is a cheap conventional catalyst, under different conditions to obtain an economical and valuable ethoxylated material. The obtained products were evaluated for their chemical and physical properties as well as their application as a nonionic fatliquoring agent for the chrome-tanned leather industry. The data obtained revealed that the ethoxylation reaction managed to introduce ethylene oxide moles into the fatty acids to obtain a nonionic surfactant. The number of introduced ethylene oxide moles differs depending on the reaction conditions. The ethoxylated jojoba fatty acids products were observed to be good fat-liquors with favorable hydrophile-lipophile balance values, which produce stable oil in water emulsions. Ethoxylated jojoba fatty acids improved the strength properties of fat-liquored leather. Furthermore, a significant improvement in the grain surface of the treated leather was achieved by the prepared ethoxylated fat-liquors evidenced by scanning electron microscopy images. The prepared ethoxylated products proved to be effective fat liquoring agents.
Graphical Abstract
PDHA1 hyperacetylation-mediated lactate overproduction promotes sepsis-induced acute kidney injury via Fis1 lactylation
Authors: An Sheng , Yao Yi , Hu Hongbin , Wu Junjie , Li Jiaxin , Li Lulan , Wu Jie , Sun Maomao , Deng Zhiya , Zhang Yaoyuan , Gong Shenhai , Huang Qiaobing , Chen Zhongqing , Zeng Zhenhua 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe increase of lactate is an independent risk factor for patients with sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (SAKI). However, whether elevated lactate directly promotes SAKI and its mechanism remain unclear. Here we revealed that downregulation of the deacetylase Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) mediated the hyperacetylation and inactivation of pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha (PDHA1), resulting in lactate overproduction in renal tubular epithelial cells. We then found that the incidence of SAKI and renal replacement therapy (RRT) in septic patients with blood lactate ≥ 4 mmol/L was increased significantly, compared with those in septic patients with blood lactate < 2 mmol/L. Further in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that additional lactate administration could directly promote SAKI. Mechanistically, lactate mediated the lactylation of mitochondrial fission 1 protein (Fis1) lysine 20 (Fis1 K20la). The increase in Fis1 K20la promoted excessive mitochondrial fission and subsequently induced ATP depletion, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) overproduction, and mitochondrial apoptosis. In contrast, PDHA1 activation with sodium dichloroacetate (DCA) or SIRT3 overexpression decreased lactate levels and Fis1 K20la, thereby alleviating SAKI. In conclusion, our results show that PDHA1 hyperacetylation and inactivation enhance lactate overproduction, which mediates Fis1 lactylation and exacerbates SAKI. Reducing lactate levels and Fis1 lactylation attenuate SAKI.
Plasticity of circulating tumor cells in small cell lung cancer
Authors: Seo Jiyoun , Kumar Mihir , Mason Jeremy , Blackhall Fiona , Matsumoto Nicholas , Dive Caroline , Hicks James , Kuhn Peter , Shishido Stephanie N. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSmall cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive neuroendocrine tumor with low five-year survival rates. Recently described molecular phenotypes of SCLC exhibit differential vulnerabilities heralding potential for stratified treatment. Whilst tumor biopsy in SCLC is challenging, circulating tumor cells in the liquid biopsy are prevalent and can be repeatedly sampled accommodating the dynamic plasticity of SCLC phenotypes. The aim of this study was to characterize the heterogeneity of rare circulating cells with confirmed tumor origin and to explore a liquid biopsy approach for future clinical trials of targeted therapies. This study applied the 3rd generation of a previously validated direct imaging platform to 14 chemo-naive SCLC patients and 10 non-cancerous normal donor (ND) samples. Phenotypic heterogeneity of circulating rare cells in SCLC was observed and a patient-level classification model was established to stratify SCLC patients from non-cancerous donors. Eight rare cell groups, with combinations of epithelial, endothelial, and mesenchymal biomarker expression patterns, were phenotypically characterized. The single-cell genomic analysis confirmed the cancer cell plasticity in every rare cell group harboring clonal genomic alterations. This study shows rare cell heterogeneity and confirms cellular plasticity in SCLC providing a valuable resource for better opportunities to discover novel therapeutic targets in SCLC.
Técnica de Dunn modificada no escorregamento da epífise femoral proximal com instabilidade: Experiência unicêntrica de médio prazo
Authors: Vallim Frederico Coutinho de Moura , Cruz Henrique Abreu da , Silva Carlos Francisco Bittencourt , Abreu Caroline Sandra Gomes de , Rodrigues Ricardo Carneiro , Cunha Marcio Garcia 
Published: July 2023

Resumo
Objetivo Avaliar a segurança e a reprodutibilidade da cirurgia para escorregamento da epífise femoral proximal (EEPF) com instabilidade por meio da técnica de Dunn modificada em uma coorte unicêntrica no Brasil.
Métodos Analisamos de forma retrospectiva uma coorte de pacientes submetidos a esse procedimento por um único cirurgião especialista em preservação do quadril. Avaliamos os dados demográficos e os ângulos radiográficos quanto ao risco relativo (RR) de necrose avascular (NAV) por meio do modelo de regressão log-binomial com efeitos simples e aleatórios.
Resultados Entre os 30 pacientes (30 quadris) com idade média de 11,79 anos no momento da cirurgia, havia 17 meninos e 18 quadris esquerdos. O procedimento ocorreu em média 11,5 dias após o escorregamento. O tempo médio de acompanhamento foi de 38 meses. O ângulo de Southwick pré-operatório foi, em média, de 60,69° contra 4,52° após o procedimento (p < 0,001). O maior ângulo de escorregamento pré-operatório foi associado ao desenvolvimento de NAV (RR: 1,05; intervalo de confiança de 95% [IC95%]: 1,02–1,07; p < 0,01). A frequência geral de NAV foi de 26,7%. De acordo com a Escala de Quadril de Harris (Harris Hip Score), a função foi boa ou excelente em 86% dos quadris sem complicações, e ruim em 87,5% dos casos com NAV. Não houve relação estatística entre sangramento epifisário e desenvolvimento de NAV (p = 0,82).
Conclusão A técnica de Dunn modificada restaura o alinhamento femoral e a função articular após o EEPF com instabilidade na ausência de complicações. Além disso, mostrou-se passível de reprodução em nossa população, com frequência de necrose da cabeça femoral de 26%.
Theory and simulation of the force-free equilibria in the EAST-CTI
Authors: Huang Y Q , Kong D F , Xia T Y , Ye Y , Tan M S , Zhang S B , Zhao Z H , Meng F W , Zhuang G , Lan T , Zhang D Z , Dong Q L , Tan Y , Li B , Liu H B 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Compact torus injection (CTI) is a novel approach to fueling the core of a fusion reactor. In this paper, the force-free equilibrium based on the EAST-CTI is calculated. It is found that the

α

, which is proportional to the ratio of the toroidal current to the toroidal magnetic field, plays a key role for the force-free equilibrium. When it is smaller than the eigenvalue, the open poloidal magnetic flux decreases while the magnetic field strength increases as its value increases. However, once

α

equals the eigenvalue, the amplitude of the magnetic field tends to infinity and the boundary magnetic field is tangential to the wall. In addition, in this work we found that the eigenvalue is mainly determined by the width of the formation region, enlarging the width will significantly reduce the eigenvalue and further affecting the compact torus (CT) formation. Another interesting phenomenon in this work is that the poloidal magnetic field plays a hindering role in the formation of CT, and theoretically, CT is difficult to detach from the forming region when

α

′

α

′

∼

J

p

/

B

p

is less than the threshold

α

c

. In experiments, we show that a discharge with

α

′

<

α

c

leads to an increased delay between the onset of the current in the acceleration and formation regions. These findings provide some guidance for the carrying out of the experiments and future modifications of the device.
A surface mechanism for O3 production with N2 addition in dielectric barrier discharges
Authors: Meyer Mackenzie , Foster John , Kushner Mark J 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Ozone, O3, is a strong oxidizing agent often used for water purification. O3 is typically produced in dielectric barrier discharges (DBDs) by electron-impact dissociation of O2, followed by three-body association reactions between O and O2. Previous studies on O3 formation in low-temperature plasma DBDs have shown that O3 concentrations can drop to nearly zero after continued operation, termed the ozone-zero phenomenon (OZP). Including small (<4%) admixtures of N2 can suppress this phenomenon and increase the O3 production relative to using pure O2 in spite of power deposition being diverted from O2 to N2 and the production of nitrogen oxides, N
x
O
y
. The OZP is hypothesized to occur because O3 is destroyed on the surfaces in contact with the plasma. Including N2 in the gas mixture enables N atoms to occupy surface sites that would otherwise participate in O3 destruction. The effect of N2 in ozone-producing DBDs was computationally investigated using a global plasma chemistry model. A general surface reaction mechanism is proposed to explain the increase in O3 production with N2 admixtures. The mechanism includes O3 formation and destruction on the surfaces, adsorption and recombination of O and N, desorption of O2 and N2, and NO
x
reactions. Without these reactions on the surface, the density of O3 monotonically decreases with increasing N2 admixture due to power absorption by N2 leading to the formation of nitrogen oxides. With N-based surface chemistry, the concentrations of O3 are maximum with a few tenths of percent of N2 depending on the O3 destruction probability on the surface. The consequences of the surface chemistry on ozone production are less than the effect of gas temperature without surface processes. An increase in the O3 density with N-based surface chemistry occurs when the surface destruction probability of O3 or the surface roughness was decreased.
Tunneling via surface dislocation in W/β-Ga2O3 Schottky barrier diodes
Authors: Labed Madani , Min Ji Young , Slim Amina Ben , Sengouga Nouredine , Prasad Chowdam Venkata , Kyoung Sinsu , Rim You Seung 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this work, W/β-Ga2O3 Schottky barrier diodes, prepared using a confined magnetic field-based sputtering method, were analyzed at different operation temperatures. Firstly, Schottky barrier height increased with increasing temperature from 100 to 300 K and reached 1.03 eV at room temperature. The ideality factor decreased with increasing temperature and it was higher than 2 at 100 K. This apparent high value was related to the tunneling effect. Secondly, the series and on-resistances decreased with increasing operation temperature. Finally, the interfacial dislocation was extracted from the tunneling current. A high dislocation density was found, which indicates the domination of tunneling through dislocation in the transport mechanism. These findings are evidently helpful in designing better performance devices.
Experimental investigation on the instability for NiO/β-Ga2O3 heterojunction-gate FETs under negative bias stress
Authors: Jiang Zhuolin , Li Xiangnan , Zhou Xuanze , Wei Yuxi , Wei Jie , Xu Guangwei , Long Shibing , Luo Xiaorong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A NiO/β-Ga2O3 heterojunction-gate field effect transistor (HJ-FET) is fabricated and its instability mechanisms are experimentally investigated under different gate stress voltage (V
G,s) and stress times (t
s). Two different degradation mechanisms of the devices under negative bias stress (NBS) are identified. At low V
G,s for a short t
s, NiO bulk traps trapping/de-trapping electrons are responsible for decrease/recovery of the leakage current, respectively. At higher V
G,s or long t
s, the device transfer characteristic curves and threshold voltage (V
TH) are almost permanently negatively shifted. This is because the interface dipoles are almost permanently ionized and neutralize the ionized charges in the space charge region (SCR) across the heterojunction interface, resulting in a narrowing SCR. This provides an important theoretical guide to study the reliability of NiO/β-Ga2O3 heterojunction devices in power electronic applications.
Large-area β-Ga2O3 Schottky barrier diode and its application in DC–DC converters
Authors: Guo Wei , Han Zhao , Zhao Xiaolong , Xu Guangwei , Long Shibing 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We demonstrate superb large-area vertical β-Ga2O3 SBDs with a Schottky contact area of 1 × 1 mm2 and obtain a high-efficiency DC–DC converter based on the device. The β-Ga2O3 SBD can obtain a forward current of 8 A with a forward voltage of 5 V, and has a reverse breakdown voltage of 612 V. The forward turn-on voltage (V
F) and the on-resistance (R
on) are 1.17 V and 0.46 Ω, respectively. The conversion efficiency of the β-Ga2O3 SBD-based DC–DC converter is 95.81%. This work indicates the great potential of Ga2O3 SBDs and relevant circuits in power electronic applications.
Self-healing wearable self-powered deep ultraviolet photodetectors based on Ga2O3
Authors: Wu Chao , He Huaile , Hu Haizheng , Liu Aiping , Wang Shunli , Guo Daoyou , Wu Fengmin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Gallium oxide (Ga2O3) based flexible heterojunction type deep ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors show excellent solar-blind photoelectric performance, even when not powered, which makes them ideal for use in intelligent wearable devices. However, traditional flexible photodetectors are prone to damage during use due to poor toughness, which reduces the service life of these devices. Self-healing hydrogels have been demonstrated to have the ability to repair damage and their combination with Ga2O3 could potentially improve the lifetime of the flexible photodetectors while maintaining their performance. Herein, a novel self-healing and self-powered flexible photodetector has been constructed onto the hydrogel substrate, which exhibits an excellent responsivity of 0.24 mA/W under 254 nm UV light at zero bias due to the built-in electric field originating from the PEDOT: PSS/Ga2O3 heterojunction. The self-healing of the Ga2O3 based photodetector was enabled by the reversible property of the synthesis of agarose and polyvinyl alcohol double network, which allows the photodetector to recover its original configuration and function after damage. After self-healing, the photocurrent of the photodetector decreases from 1.23 to 1.21 μA, while the dark current rises from 0.95 to 0.97 μA, with a barely unchanged of photoresponse speed. Such a remarkable recovery capability and the photodetector’s superior photoelectric performance not only significantly enhance a device lifespan but also present new possibilities to develop wearable and intelligent electronics in the future.
Recent advances and future directions of 3D to 6D printing in brain cancer treatment and neural tissue engineering
Authors: Amiri Elahe , Sanjarnia Pegah , Sadri Bahareh , Jafarkhani Saeed , Khakbiz Mehrdad 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The field of neural tissue engineering has undergone a revolution due to advancements in three-dimensional (3D) printing technology. This technology now enables the creation of intricate neural tissue constructs with precise geometries, topologies, and mechanical properties. Currently, there are various 3D printing techniques available, such as stereolithography and digital light processing, and a wide range of materials can be utilized, including hydrogels, biopolymers, and synthetic materials. Furthermore, the development of four-dimensional (4D) printing has gained traction, allowing for the fabrication of structures that can change shape over time using techniques such as shape-memory polymers. These innovations have the potential to facilitate neural regeneration, drug screening, disease modeling, and hold tremendous promise for personalized diagnostics, precise therapeutic strategies against brain cancers. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art techniques and materials for 3D printing in neural tissue engineering and brain cancer. It focuses on the exciting possibilities that lie ahead, including the emerging field of 4D printing. Additionally, the paper discusses the potential applications of five-dimensional and six-dimensional printing, which integrate time and biological functions into the printing process, in the fields of neuroscience.
The use of pre-mixture pheromone for controlling rhinoceros beetle and weevil stem borer in oil palm plantation
Authors: Priwiratama H , Prasetyo A E , Rozziansha T A P , Susanto A 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to assess the efficacy of pre-mixture pheromone formulation containing ethyl-4-methyl octanoate and 4-methyl-5-nonanol against rhinoceros beetle and weevil stem borer. Four doses of pre-mixture pheromone, i.e., 1 mL/2 ha, 1 mL/3 ha, 1 mL/4 ha, and 1 mL/8 ha, were tested following a randomized block design with five replications. A mock treatment using 1 mL of pure water was used as a comparison. The result showed that the pre-mixture pheromone could attract adult males and females of the rhinoceros beetle and the weevil stem borer. The recommended dose (1 ml/2 ha), as predicted, was more effective in trapping the targeted pests, of which the number of beetle and weevil trapped was 163.35 beetles/trap (equal to 8,168 beetles per 100 ha area) and 6.95 weevils/trap (equal to 348 weevils per 100 ha area), respectively. Each pest’s male and female adult was trapped at approximately a 1:1 ratio. The experiment suggests the potency of pre-mixture pheromone for controlling the population of rhinoceros beetle and weevil stem borer in oil palm plantations.