bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Role of Total Pancreatectomy as an Alternative to Pancreatoduodenectomy in Patients at High Risk for Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula
Authors: Stoop Thomas F. , Bergquist Erik , Theijse Rutger T. , Hempel Sebastian , van Dieren Susan , Sparrelid Ernesto , Distler Marius , Hackert Thilo , Besselink Marc G. , Del Chiaro Marco , Ghorbani Poya ,   Collaborators
Published: May 2023

Objective:
Examine the potential benefit of total pancreatectomy (TP) as an alternative to pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) in patients at high risk for postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF).

Summary Background Data:
TP is mentioned as an alternative to PD in patients at high risk for POPF, but a systematic review is lacking.

Methods:
Systematic review and meta-analyses using Pubmed, Embase (Ovid), and Cochrane Library to identify studies published up to October 2022, comparing elective single-stage TP for any indication versus PD in patients at high risk for POPF. The primary endpoint was short-term mortality. Secondary endpoints were major morbidity (i.e., Clavien-Dindo grade ≥IIIa) on the short-term and quality of life.

Results:
After screening 1212 unique records, five studies with 707 patients (334 TP and 373 high-risk PD) met the eligibility criteria, comprising one randomized controlled trial and four observational studies. The 90-day mortality after TP and PD did not differ (6.3% vs. 6.2%; RR=1.04 [95%CI 0.56-1.93]). Major morbidity rate was lower after TP compared to PD (26.7% vs. 38.3%; RR=0.65 [95%CI 0.48-0.89]), but no significance was seen in matched/randomized studies (29.0% vs. 36.9%; RR = 0.73 [95%CI 0.48-1.10]). Two studies investigated quality of life (EORTC QLQ-C30) at a median of 30-52 months, demonstrating comparable global health status after TP and PD (77% [±15] vs. 76% [±20]; P=0.857).

Conclusions:
This systematic review and meta-analysis found no reduction in short-term mortality and major morbidity after TP as compared to PD in patients at high risk for POPF. However, if TP is used as a bail-out procedure, the comparable long-term quality of life is reassuring.
Modeling the Effects of IL-1β-mediated Inflammation During Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion Using a Split Human Donor Model
Authors: Pither Thomas , Wang Lu , Bates Lucy , Morrison Morvern , Charlton Catriona , Griffiths Chelsea , Macdonald Jamie , Bigley Venetia , Mavridou Maria , Barsby Joseph , Borthwick Lee , Dark John , Scott William , Ali Simi , Fisher Andrew J. 
Published: May 2023

Background.
The association between interleukin-1β (IL-1β) concentrations during ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) with donor organ quality and post-lung transplant outcome has been demonstrated in several studies. The mechanism underlying IL-1β-mediated donor lung injury was investigated using a paired single-lung EVLP model.

Methods.
Human lung pairs were dissected into individual lungs and perfused on identical separate EVLP circuits, with one lung from each pair receiving a bolus of IL-1β. Fluorescently labeled human neutrophils isolated from a healthy volunteer were infused into both circuits and quantified in perfusate at regular timepoints. Perfusates and tissues were subsequently analyzed, with perfusates also used in functional assays.

Results.
Neutrophil numbers were significantly lower in perfusate samples collected from the IL-1β-stimulated lungs consistent with increased neutrophil adhesion (P = 0.042). Stimulated lungs gained significantly more weight than controls (P = 0.046), which correlated with soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (R2 = 0.71, P = 0.0043) and von-Willebrand factor (R2 = 0.39, P = 0.040) in perfusate. RNA expression patterns for inflammatory genes were differentially regulated via IL-1β. Blockade of IL-1β significantly reduced neutrophil adhesion in vitro (P = 0.025).

Conclusion.
These data illustrate the proinflammatory functions of IL-1β in the context of EVLP, suggesting this pathway may be susceptible to therapeutic modulation before transplantation.
Severity of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XBB subvariants in Singapore
Authors: Pung Rachael , Kong Xin Peng , Cui Lin , Chae Sae-Rom , Chen Mark I-Cheng , Lee Vernon J. , Marc Ho Zheng Jie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSeveral XBB subvariants such as XBB.1.5, XBB.1.9, XBB.1.16 and XBB.2.3 co-circulate in Singapore. Despite the different viral properties of XBB.1.16 as compared to other XBB subvariants, comparison on their severity is limited. In this study, we investigate the outcomes of hospitalisation and severe COVID-19 infection in individuals infected with different XBB subvariants, adjusted for potential confounders such as age and vaccination history. Overall, our preliminary analysis showed no difference in the severity of different XBB variants.
Virulence factors’ contribution to the pathogenicity ofCandidaspecies: a study based on the clinical isolates of Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Authors: Pamnani Tamanna , Seervi Rekha , Parasmani  , Jose Blessy , Kalra Aakanksha 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn present era, both the Health Care Associated and community acquired infections are increasing steadily. The Leading International Fungal Education (LIFE) has observed that more than ∼80% of world’s population is affected by serious fungal infections.Candidaspecies can colonize biotic or abiotic surfaces and transmit via them.Candidagenus consist more than 200 species with few of infection causing species.Candida albicansis one of the species which causes the majority of infections (∼80%) while other species such asC. glabrata, C. dubliniensis, C. parapsilosisandC. kruseihave recently been emerging in these infections. They reside within the body and become pathogenic as the immunity compromised of individual. Virulence factors contribute to spread, transmit and enhance the pathogenicity of the species. The study is focused on analyzing virulence factors of theCandidaisolates obtained from patients of Jaipur, Rajasthan. Isolates were screened for germ tube formation and production of extracellular enzyme. Results of the study show that along with albican species, non-albicans are also emerging as pathogens. Observations state that blood sample type is most infectious. The study concludes with the statistical analysis of population crucial for preparation of prevention methods and cures to deal this life-threatening disease.
Tracking the prevalence and emergence of SARS CoV2 variants of concern using a regional genomic surveillance program
Authors: Jung Ana , Droit Lindsay , Febles Binita , Fronick Catarina , Cook Lisa , Handley Scott A. , Parikh Bijal A , Wang David 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTSARS-CoV-2 molecular testing coupled with whole genome sequencing is instrumental for real-time genomic surveillance. Genomic surveillance is critical for monitoring the spread of variants of concern (VOC) as well as novel variant discovery. Since the beginning of the pandemic millions of SARS-CoV-2 genomes have been deposited into public sequence databases. This is the result of efforts of both national and regional diagnostic laboratories. Here we describe the results of SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance from February 2021 to June 2022 at a metropolitan hospital in the USA. We demonstrate that consistent daily sampling is sufficient to track the regional prevalence and emergence of VOC. Similar sampling efforts should be considered a viable option for local SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance at other regional laboratories.
Klf9 plays a critical role in GR –dependent metabolic adaptations in cardiomyocytes
Authors: Thakkar Chandni , Alikunju Saleena , Rizvi Wajiha , Abbas Ali , Sayed Danish 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGlucocorticoids (GCs) through activation of the Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) play an essential role in cellular homeostasis during physiological variations and in response to stress. GC-GR signaling has been involved in regulating several cellular processes including metabolism, circadian rhythm and inflammation for diurnal adaptations. Our genomic GR binding (ChIP) and transcriptome (RNAseq) data from Dexamethasone (Dex) treatment in cardiomyocytes show an early (1hr) differential regulation of mostly transcription factors, followed by sequential change in downstream signaling pathways (6-24hr). Here, we examine the role of an early direct target of GR, Krüppel-like factor 9 (Klf9) in cardiomyocyte metabolic homeostasis. Our Klf9-ChIPseq identified 2150 genes with increase in promoter Klf9 binding in response to Dex. Functional annotation of these genes lists metabolic pathway on the top of KEGG pathway, along with genes regulating transcription and survival. Further, our transcriptome analysis of Dex treated cardiomyocytes with or without knockdown of Klf9 reveal differential regulation of 1777 genes, of which a reversal in expression is seen in 1640 (∼92%) genes with knockdown of Klf9 compared to Dex. Conversely, only 137 (∼8%) genes show further dysregulation in expression with siKLf9 as Dex treated cardiomyocytes. Gene ontology of these 1640 genes show metabolic genes on the top, including genes involved in glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. Expectedly, knockdown of Klf9 in cardiomyocytes inhibits Dex induced increase in glycolysis and spare respiratory capacity, as measured by glycolysis and mito stress tests, respectively. Thus, we conclude that cyclic, diurnal GC mediated GR activation, through Klf9 -dependent feedforward signaling plays a central role in maintaining cellular homeostasis through metabolic adaptations in quiescent and stressed cardiomyocytes.
Detection of a geminate photoproduct of bovine cytochrome c oxidase by time-resolved serial femtosecond crystallography
Authors: Ishigami Izumi , Carbajo Sergio , Zatsepin Nadia , Hikita Masahide , Conrad Chelsie E. , Nelson Garrett , Coe Jesse , Basu Shibom , Grant Thomas , Seaberg Matthew H. , Sierra Raymond G. , Hunter Mark S. , Fromme Petra , Fromme Raimund , Rousseau Denis L. , Yeh Syun-Ru 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCytochromecoxidase (CcO) is a large membrane-bound hemeprotein that catalyzes the reduction of dioxygen to water. Unlike classical dioxygen binding hemeproteins with a hemebgroup in their active sites, CcO has a unique binuclear center (BNC) comprised of a copper atom (CuB) and a hemea3iron, where O2binds and is reduced to water. CO is a versatile O2surrogate in ligand binding and escape reactions. Previous time-resolved spectroscopic studies of the CO complexes of bovine CcO (bCcO) revealed that photolyzing CO from the hemea3iron leads to a metastable intermediate (CuB-CO), where CO is bound to CuB, before it escapes out of the BNC. Here, with a time-resolved serial femtosecond X-ray crystallography-based pump-probe method, we detected a geminate photoproduct of the bCcO-CO complex, where CO is dissociated from the hemea3iron and moved to a temporary binding site midway between the CuBand the hemea3iron, while the locations of the two metal centers and the conformation of the Helix-X, housing the proximal histidine ligand of the hemea3iron, remain in the CO complex state. This new structure, combined with other reported structures of bCcO, allows the full definition of the ligand dissociation trajectory, as well as the associated protein dynamics.
Dynamics of macrophage polarization supportSalmonellapersistence in a whole living organism
Authors: Leiba Jade , Sipka Tamara , Begon-Pescia Christina , Bernardello Matteo , Tairi Sofiane , Bossi Lionello , Gonzalez Anne-Alicia , Mialhe Xavier , Gualda Emilio J. , Loza-Alvarez Pablo , Blanc-Potard Anne , Lutfalla Georges , Nguyen-Chi Mai 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTNumerous intracellular bacterial pathogens interfere with macrophage function, including macrophage polarization, to establish a niche and persist. However, the spatiotemporal dynamics of macrophage polarization during infection within host remain to be investigated. Here, we implement a model of persistentSalmonellaTyphimurium infection in zebrafish, which allows visualization of polarized macrophages and bacteria in real time at high-resolution. While macrophages polarize toward M1-like phenotype to control early infection, during later stages,Salmonellapersists inside non-inflammatory clustered macrophages. Transcriptomic profiling of macrophages confirmed a highly dynamic signature during infection characterized by a switch from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory/pro-regenerative status and revealed a shift in adhesion program. In agreement with this specific adhesion signature, macrophage trajectory tracking identifies motionless macrophages as a permissive niche for persistentSalmonella. Our results demonstrate that zebrafish model provides a unique platform to explore, in a whole organism, the versatile nature of macrophage functional programs during bacterial acute and persistent infections.
Metagenomic analysis of milk microbiota in the bovine subclinical mastitis
Authors: Alessandri Giulia , Sangalli Elena , Facchi Mario , Fontana Federico , Mancabelli Leonardo , Donofrio Gaetano , Ventura Marco 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSubclinical mastitis is one of the most widespread diseases affecting dairy herds with detrimental effects on animal health as well as on milk productivity and quality. Despite the multi-factorial nature of this intramammary infection, the presence of pathogenic bacteria is regarded one of the main drivers of subclinical mastitis, leading to a disruption of the homeostasis of the bovine milk microbial community. However, the bovine milk microbiota alterations associated with subclinical mastitis still represents a largely unexplored research area. In this context, the species-level milk microbiota of a total of 75 milk samples, collected from both healthy and subclinical mastitis-affected cows from two different stables, was deeply profiled through an ITS, rather than a traditional, and less informative, 16S rRNA gene microbial profiling-based sequencing. Surprisingly, the obtained data of the present pilot study, not only revealed that subclinical mastitis is characterized by a reduced number of species in the bovine milk microbiota, but also that this disease does not induce standard alterations of the milk microbial community across stables. In addition, a flow cytometry-based total bacterial cell enumeration highlighted that subclinical mastitis is accompanied by a significant increment in the number of milk microbial cells. Furthermore, the combination of the metagenomic approach and total bacterial cell enumeration allowed to identify different potential microbial marker strictly correlated with subclinical mastitis across stables.
Focal vs Diffuse: Mechanisms of attention mediated performance enhancement in a hierarchical model of the visual system
Authors: Wang Xiang , Jadi Monika P. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTSpatial attention is an essential cognitive process for visual perception, especially in complex scenes with poor luminance. Attentional modulation of neural activity has been documented across the visual cortex. However, how these changes in neural response lead to better behavioral performance on challenging tasks remain unknown. In our study, we implemented spatial attention in a deep convolutional neural network model of the ventral visual hierarchy and measured its impact on categorization performance on cluttered images with varying contrast levels. We applied attention to network units in three ways: enhancement in attended region (EAR), suppression in unattended region (SUAR) or both. When focally applied to a single convolutional layer, SUAR is more effective in boosting performance than EAR, especially in the presence of high contrast distractors. SUAR is also effective in recovering degraded performance due to low contrast targets, whereas EAR fails to recover. These results predict a novel mechanism of suppression of neural activity corresponding to the unattended parts of visual space. Intriguingly, EAR in our model achieves the same performance as SUAR when attention is diffusely applied to stacks of successive convolutional layers, irrespective of target contrast. This suggests an alternate mechanism of attention wherein enhancement of attended neural activity alone, when applied to successive cortical encoding stages, is an effective strategy for boosting performance in challenging object recognition tasks. Our results indicate that the two alternative attentional mechanisms are functionally equivalent in tackling challenging object recognition tasks.
Radiotherapy induces persistent innate immune reprogramming of microglia into a primed state
Authors: Voshart Daniëlle C. , Oshima Takuya , Jiang Yuting , van der Linden Gideon P. , Ainslie Anna P. , Nazario Luiza Reali , van Buuren-Broek Fleur , Scholma Ayla C. , Brouwer Nieske , Sewdihal Jeffrey , Brouwer Uilke , Coppes Rob P. , Holtman Inge R. , Eggen Bart J.L. , Kooistra Susanne M. , Barazzuol Lara 
Published: May 2023

SummaryMore than half of all brain tumour survivors experience debilitating and often progressive cognitive decline after treatment with radiotherapy. Microglia, the resident macrophages in the brain, have been implicated in this decline. In response to various insults microglia can develop innate immune memory (IIM), which can either enhance (priming) or repress (tolerance) the response to subsequent inflammatory challenges. Here, we investigated whether radiation affects the IIM of microglia by irradiating the brains of rats and later exposing them to a secondary inflammatory stimulus. Comparative transcriptomic profiling and protein validation of microglia isolated from irradiated rats showed a stronger immune response to a secondary inflammatory insult demonstrating that radiation can lead to long-lasting molecular reprogramming of microglia. Transcriptomic analysis of post-mortem normal-appearing non-tumour brain tissue of glioblastoma patients indicates that radiation-induced microglial priming is conserved in humans. Targeting microglial priming after radiotherapy or avoiding further inflammatory insults could decrease radiotherapy-induced neurotoxicity.
Evolution of organizational agility research: a retrospective view
Authors: Tanushree  , Sahoo Chandan Kumar , Chaubey Akriti 
Published: May 2023

PurposeIn recent years, organizational agility (OA) has garnered significant attention from the academic community. Despite a substantial rise in the academic literature on OA, the nuanced understanding of OA among academicians, practitioners and policymakers is limited. To address this research gap, the current study attempts to synthesize the academic literature on organizational literature, understand the evolution of OA literature and state the potential research gaps that may open multiple research avenues.Design/methodology/approachThe current study critically evaluates academic literature published in peer-reviewed journals using the bibliometric approach to map the intellectual structure of identified 224 articles on published literature on OA between 2001 and 2022.FindingsThe findings outline OA's evolutionary trend, most prolific authors, journals, affiliations and countries. Further, network analysis is deployed to unearth prominent OA themes. After that, four key themes of OA from each cluster have been identified and evaluated.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is based on the literature drawn from the SCOPUS database. Although the SCOPUS database is one of the largest databases, the authors believe that the SCOPUS does not contain some publications that might have offered some different insights. Secondly, the bibliometric analysis does not offer the opportunity to provide critical insights into published literature, which is one of the main limitations of bibliometric-based studies. However, despite some of these limitations, the authors believe that the study is a useful guide for scholars, practitioners and policymakers who do not have much information related to OA literature.Originality/valueThis article provides a pioneering review of the OA literature using bibliometrics and network analysis. The results and potential directions for further research may assist researchers in increasing the relevance of OA in the current uncertain and ambiguous environment.
Tinkering toward teacher learning: a case for critical playful literacies in teacher education
Authors: McBride Cherise , Smith Anna , Kalir Jeremiah Holden 
Published: May 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to re-center playfulness as a humanizing approach in teacher education. As teachers navigate the current moment of heightened control, surveillance, and systemic inequity, these proposed moves in teacher education can be transgressive. Rather than play as relegated to childhood or infancy, what does it look like to continue to be “playful” in teaching and teacher education?Design/methodology/approachTo examine how teacher educators may design for teachers’ critical playful literacies, the authors offer three “worked examples” (Gee, 2009) of preservice teachers’ playful practices in an English literacies teacher education course.FindingsThe authors highlight instructional design elements pertinent to co-designing for teachers’ play and playful literacies in teacher education: generative constraints to practice everyday ingenuity, figuring it out to foster teacher agency and debriefs to interrupt the teaching’s perpetual performance.Originality/valueThe term “playful,” as a descriptor of practice and qualifier of activity appears frequently in educational literature across domains. The relationship of play to critical literacies – and, more specifically, educators’ literacies and learning – is less frequently explored.
The development of a lean six sigma and BIM framework for enhancing off-site manufacturing
Authors: McDermott Olivia , ODwyer Kevin , Noonan John , Trubetskaya Anna , Rosa Angelo 
Published: May 2023

Purpose
This study aims to improve a construction company's overall project delivery by utilising lean six sigma (LSS) methods combined with building information modelling (BIM) to design, modularise and manufacture various building elements in a controlled factory environment off-site.

Design/methodology/approach
A case study in a construction company utilised lean six sigma (LSS) methodology and BIM to identify non-value add waste in the construction process and improve sustainability.

Findings
An Irish-based construction company manufacturing modular pipe racks for the pharmaceutical industry utilised LSS to optimise and standardise their off-site manufacturing (OSM) partners process and leverage BIM to design skids which could be manufactured offsite and transported easily with minimal on-site installation and rework required. Productivity was improved, waste was reduced, less energy was consumed, defects were reduced and the project schedule for completion was reduced.

Research limitations/implications
The case study was carried out on one construction company and one construction product type. Further case studies would ensure more generalisability. However, the implementation was tested on a modular construction company, and the methods used indicate that the generic framework could be applied and customized to any offsite company.

Originality/value
This is one of the few studies on implementing offsite manufacturing (OSM) utilising LSS and BIM in an Irish construction company. The detailed quantitative benefits and cost savings calculations presented as well as the use of the LSM methods and BIM in designing an OSM process can be leveraged by other construction organisations to understand the benefits of OSM. This study can help demonstrate how LSS and BIM can aid the construction industry to be more environmentally friendly.