bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laser‐Activated Selective Electroless Plating on 3D Structures via Additive Manufacturing for Customized Electronics
Authors: Wang Peiren , Li Ji , Deng Lishuo , Liu Sen , Wang Guoqi , Huang Jingwen , Tang Xuan , Han Lei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis work proposes a facile and economical hybrid additive manufacturing (HAM)technology combining fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing and laser‐activated selective electroless plating (ELP) for fabricating full functional end‐use 3D customized electronics. A functional acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) filament doped with dicopper hydroxide phosphate (Cu2(OH)PO4) catalysts is developed for FDM 3D printing. The 3D printed structure is selectively laser‐activated to generate CuI plating seeds on the ABS surface and then electrolessly plated. The poor surface finish, especially the layer lines, is an intrinsic defect of extrusion 3D printing, which not only affected the fabrication quality of the 3D substrates but also the electrical performance of the attached circuitry. Herein, a chemical polishing process based on acetone vapor is explored and characterized to significantly improve the surface quality and thereby the electrical performance of the attached copper layer. In this way, highly conductive metallic circuitry can be freeformly deposited and patterned on the 3D structure which is extremely attractive for customized 3D electronics. To show the application potential of this technology, a 3D conformal 555 timer astable oscillator circuit board and a hot‐wire flowmeter are developed as demonstrators.
Application of facial analysis Technology in Clinical Genetics: Considerations for diverse populations
Authors: Kruszka Paul , Tekendo‐Ngongang Cedrik 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFacial analysis technology in rare diseases has the potential to shorten the diagnostic odyssey by providing physicians with a valuable diagnostic tool. Given that most clinical genetic resources focus on populations of European descent, we compare craniofacial features in genetic syndromes across different populations and review how machine learning algorithms perform on diagnosing genetic syndromes in geographically and ethnically diverse populations. We also discuss the value of populations from ancestrally diverse backgrounds in the training set of machine learning algorithms. Finally, this review demonstrates that across diverse population groups, machine learning models have outstanding accuracy as supported by the area under the curve values greater than 0.9. Artificial intelligence is only in its infancy in the diagnosis of rare disease in diverse populations and will become more accurate as larger and more diverse training sets, including a wider spectrum of ages, particularly infants, are studied.
Effect of exercise engagement and cardiovascular risk on neuronal injury
Authors: Stojanovic Marta , Schindler Suzanne E. , Morris John C. , Head Denise 
Published: August 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONNeuronal health as a potential underlying mechanism of the beneficial effects of exercise has been understudied in humans. Furthermore, there has been limited consideration of potential moderators (e.g., cardiovascular health) on the effects of exercise.METHODSClinically normal middle‐aged and older adults completed a validated questionnaire about exercise engagement over a 10‐year period (n = 75; age 63 ± 8 years). A composite estimate of neuronal injury was formulated that included cerebrospinal fluid‐based measures of visinin‐like protein‐1, neurogranin, synaptosomal‐associated protein 25, and neurofilament light chain. Cardiovascular risk was estimated using the Framingham Risk Score.RESULTSCross‐sectional analyses showed that greater exercise engagement was associated with less neuronal injury in the group with lower cardiovascular risk (p = 0.008), but not the group with higher cardiovascular risk (p = 0.209).DISCUSSIONCardiovascular risk is an important moderator to consider when examining the effects of exercise on cognitive and neural health, and may be relevant to personalized exercise recommendations.Highlights
We examined the association between exercise engagement and neuronal injury.
Vascular risk moderated the association between exercise and neuronal injury.
Cardiovascular risk may be relevant to personalized exercise recommendations.
H2‐free Semi‐hydrogenation of Butadiene by the Atomic Sieving Effect of Pd Membrane with Tree‐like Pd Dendrites Array
Authors: Yan Yong‐Qing , Wei Zhao , Wang Zhao , Li Yao , Wang Wei‐Hao , Jiang Bo , Su Bao‐Lian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractH2‐free semi‐hydrogenation at room temperature shows great advantage for replacing the thermocatalytic process in industry owing to the high energy and resource saving, however, remains great challenges. Herein, a tree‐like Pd dendrites array decorated Pd membrane was constructed as the core device in an electrochemistry assisted gas‐fed membrane reactor for butadiene semi‐hydrogenation. It reveals that hydrogen atomic sieving effect of this Pd‐based membrane under electrochemical condition was the key for semi‐hydrogenation. The configuration study of Pd nanostructured membrane demonstrates that the penetration of hydrogen atoms through Pd membrane from electrochemical side to chemical side is affected by the consumption of hydrogen atom in semi‐hydrogenation step. Such atomic sieving property of nanostructured Pd membrane with 5.1 times increase in catalytic active surface area brings above 14 times higher in butadiene conversion than that of bare Pd foil, with ≈90 % of butenes selectivity at butadiene conversion ≈98 % over 300 h of H2‐free reaction under 15 mA cm−2.
Recent progress in the fabrication of advanced emulsions with pea proteins and their application in the food industry
Authors: Li Xiaojiao , Cheng Hao , Liang Li 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFood emulsion is one of the major systems in the food industry, which exists in spreads, dressings, creams, sauces, dips, and beverages. Recently, there has been an active search for suitable plant protein sources to replace animal proteins for the fabrication of advanced emulsion systems in the food industry. Pea protein is getting more and more attention as a good emulsifier in the food industry because of its low cost, low allergy, rich nutrition, and good functionality. This review summarizes recent studies on the fabrication and utilization of these advanced emulsions with pea proteins, including nanoemulsions, Pickering emulsions, high internal phase emulsions, and double emulsions. A brief description of emulsifying property of pea protein is given, then the formation and properties of each type of pea protein emulsions are described, and finally, the potential applications of pea protein as an emulsifier in commercial food products are introduced. A particular emphasis is given to the utilization of pea protein as an emulsifier and these advanced pea protein emulsions for the delivery of bioactive components, 3D printing, and production of market products.
Effect of phosphorus/nitrogen/carbon component ratio in aqueous flame retardant on the fire prevention of wood substrate
Authors: Du Weining , Zhang Zejiang , Li Pingli , Li Lijun , Huang Hao , Yan Mingqiang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHerein, various of aqueous halogen‐free flame retardants (FRs) were fabricated by controlling the weight ratio of phosphorus/nitrogen/carbon compounds. The prepared FRs showed good dispersion level at ambient conditions and easily adhering feature on the wood substrate. Owing to the synergistic flame‐retardant effect of phosphorus/nitrogen/carbon compounds on wood, the FR1 coated wood (W‐FR1) could form non‐pores, compact, and continuous phospho‐carbonaceous layer under fire. Meanwhile, W‐FR1 exhibited a higher LOI (59.5%) and UL‐94 rating (V‐0). Moreover, the ignition time of W‐FR1 was significantly delayed from 35 to 570 s. Additionally, W‐FR1 showed 31.6% and 47.1% reductions in THR and TSP, respectively, 99.3% increment in char residue, as compared to the untreated wood. The present research offers a promising aqueous flame retardant for potential forest fire prevention.
Investigation of mechanical, thermal, and wear‐resistant properties of PDMS nanocomposites filled with low loading of 2D MoS2
Authors: Wang Leilei , Choi Jungwook 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the properties of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)‐based nanocomposites with different loadings of two‐dimensional molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheets. The uniform incorporation of the MoS2 nanosheets in the PDMS matrix was confirmed by unique excitonic absorption peaks, Raman signatures, and x‐ray photoelectron spectra of the MoS2. Owing to the excellent mechanical properties of the embedded MoS2 nanosheets, the elastic modulus and tensile strength of PDMS respectively increased to 42.86% and 19.63% compared to that of pristine PDMS, even at a low MoS2 loading of 0.04 wt%. A dynamic mechanical analysis of the nanocomposites revealed an increase in the storage modulus of PDMS by 9.83% and 30.88% with 0.04 wt% MoS2 loading at strain and frequency sweeps from 0% to 1% and 0.01–10 Hz, respectively. The low MoS2 loading also increased degradation temperature for 50% weight loss from 575.76 (for PDMS) to 652.74°C (for MoS2‐PDMS). In addition, ball‐on‐disk tribology tests revealed that the incorporation of MoS2 nanosheets withstand higher angular speeds (up to 15.71 rad/s) and significantly reduced the friction coefficient by 39.69% (at 7.85 rad/s). Our results imply that MoS2‐PDMS nanocomposites could potentially be used in various applications that require dielectric properties with improved mechanical and thermal stability.
Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of anti‐hyperalgesia, anticonvulsant and antioxidant activity of novel VV‐hemorphin‐5 analogs
Authors: Todorov Petar , Georgieva Stela , Tchekalarova Jana , Peneva Petia , Mateeva Polina , Assenov Borislav , Dzhambazova Elena , Pechlivanova Daniela 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTwo series of new VV‐hemorphin‐5 analogs with structures Val–Val–Tyr–Xxx–Trp–Thr–Gln–NH2 and Adam–Val–Val–Tyr–Xxx–Trp–Thr–Gln–NH2, where Xxx is Ac5c (1‐aminocyclopentane‐1‐carboxylic acid), Ac6c (1‐aminocyclohexane‐1‐carboxylic acid), Ac7c (1‐aminocycloheptane‐1‐carboxylic acid), and Adam is the low‐molecular‐weight lipophilic adamantyl building block, were synthesized, characterized electrochemically and evaluated for antioxidant, anti‐hyperalgesia, and anticonvulsant activity. The design of the compounds followed the strategy to improve the propensity for aqueous solubility and/or to increase their affinity for the target receptor or enzyme. The partition coefficient value shows that the peptide scaffold goes from hydrophilic to lipophilic with the increasing size of the cycloalkane ring and even more with the introduction of the adamantane. The peptides C5‐V and C7‐V were the only analogs that provoked an immediate antinociceptive effect changing the mechanical pain threshold. The six new peptide analogs produced a significant and long‐lasting carrageenan model of inflammatory pain in rats. While the adamantane hemorphin analog Ad7‐V was the only compound with the potency to suppress psychomotor seizures in the 6‐Hz test, the C6‐V and Ad6‐V exhibited protective activity against the seizure spread in the maximal electroshock seizure test in mice. The active analogs did not show neurotoxicity or sedative effects. Our results revealed a structure‐related specific activity of a newly designed hemorphin analog that could be used as a template for future modification and preparation of compounds with potential analgesic and anticonvulsant activity.
Tmem178 Negatively Regulates IL‐1β Production Through Inhibition of the NLRP3 Inflammasome
Authors: Khanna Kunjan , Yan Hui , Mehra Muneshwar , Rohatgi Nidhi , Mbalaviele Gabriel , Mellins Elizabeth D. , Faccio Roberta 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveInflammasomes modulate the release of bioactive interleukin (IL)‐1β. Excessive IL‐1β levels are detected in patients with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) and cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) with mutated and unmutated inflammasome components, raising questions on the mechanisms of IL‐1β regulation in these disorders.MethodsTo investigate how the NLRP3 inflammasome is modulated in sJIA, we focused on Transmembrane protein 178 (Tmem178), a negative regulator of calcium levels in macrophages, and measured IL‐1β and caspase‐1 activation in wild‐type (WT) and Tmem178−/− macrophages after calcium chelators, silencing of Stim1, a component of store‐operated calcium entry (SOCE), or by expressing a Tmem178 mutant lacking the Stromal Interaction Molecule 1 (Stim1) binding site. Mitochondrial function in both genotypes was assessed by measuring oxidative respiration, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), and mitochondrial damage. CSS development was analyzed in Perforin−/−/Tmem178−/− mice infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) in which inflammasome or IL‐1β signaling was pharmacologically inhibited. Human TMEM178 and IL1B transcripts were analyzed in data sets of whole blood and peripheral blood monocytes from healthy controls and patients with active sJIA.ResultsTMEM178 levels are reduced in whole blood and monocytes from patients with sJIA while IL1B levels are increased. Accordingly, Tmem178−/− macrophages produce elevated IL‐1β compared with WT cells. The elevated intracellular calcium levels after SOCE activation in Tmem178−/− macrophages induce mitochondrial damage, release mtROS, and ultimately promote NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In vivo, inhibition of inflammasome or IL‐1β neutralization prolongs Tmem178−/− mouse survival in LCMV‐induced CSS.ConclusionDown‐regulation of TMEM178 levels may represent a marker of disease activity and help identify patients who could benefit from inflammasome targeting.image
Transition of average drug‐to‐antibody ratio of trastuzumab deruxtecan in systemic circulation in monkeys using a hybrid affinity capture liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Habara Hiromi , Okamoto Hiromi , Nagai Yoko , Oitate Masataka , Takakusa Hideo , Watanabe Nobuaki 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTrastuzumab deruxtecan (T‐DXd, DS‐8201a) is an antibody–drug conjugate, comprising an anti‐HER2 antibody at a drug‐to‐antibody ratio of 7–8 with the topoisomerase I inhibitor DXd. In this study, the concentrations of antibody‐conjugated DXd and total antibody were determined and observed to decrease over time following intravenous administration of T‐DXd to monkeys. The drug‐to‐antibody ratio of T‐DXd also decreased in a time‐dependent manner, which reached approximately 2.5 in 21 days after administration. It was suggested that antibody‐conjugated DXd of T‐DXd was relatively stable in vivo compared with that of other reported antibody–drug conjugates.
Roles of circular RNAs in osteogenic/osteoclastogenic differentiation
Authors: Wang Tao , Zhang Chao , Xu Lin , Li Xingnuan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe process of bone remodeling occurs and is regulated through interactions between osteoclasts, which resorb bone, and osteoblasts, which generate bone tissue. When the homeostatic balance between these two cell types is dysregulated, this can contribute to abnormal bone remodeling resulting in a loss of bone mass as is observed in osteoporosis (OP) and other forms of degenerative bone metabolic diseases. At present, details of molecular mechanism underlying the development of bone metabolic diseases such as OP remain to be elucidated. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are small non‐coding RNA molecules with a closed‐loop structure that can regulate the differentiation of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. The present review provides a systematic overview of recent literature on the processes through which circRNAs regulate the dynamic balance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts that ultimately preserve bone homeostasis. It will also give insight that can shape current understanding of the pathogenesis of OP and other bone metabolic diseases to better guide diagnostic and treatment strategies for affected patients.
Automated calibration and in‐line measurement of product quality during therapeutic monoclonal antibody purification using Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Wang Jiarui , Chen Jingyi , Studts Joey , Wang Gang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCurrent manufacturing and development processes for therapeutic monoclonal antibodies demand increasing volumes of analytical testing for both real‐time process controls and high‐throughput process development. The feasibility of using Raman spectroscopy as an in‐line product quality measuring tool has been recently demonstrated and promises to relieve this analytical bottleneck. Here, we resolve time‐consuming calibration process that requires fractionation and preparative experiments covering variations of product quality attributes (PQAs) by engineering an automation system capable of collecting Raman spectra on the order of hundreds of calibration points from two to three stock seed solutions differing in protein concentration and aggregate level using controlled mixing. We used this automated system to calibrate multi‐PQA models that accurately measured product concentration and aggregation every 9.3 s using an in‐line flow‐cell. We demonstrate the application of a nonlinear calibration model for monitoring product quality in real‐time during a biopharmaceutical purification process intended for clinical and commercial manufacturing. These results demonstrate potential feasibility to implement quality monitoring during GGMP manufacturing as well as to increase chemistry, manufacturing, and controls understanding during process development, ultimately leading to more robust and controlled manufacturing processes.
Bifidobacterium adolescentis orchestrates CD143+ cancer‐associated fibroblasts to suppress colorectal tumorigenesis by Wnt signaling‐regulated GAS1
Authors: Chen Shujie , Fan Lina , Lin Yifeng , Qi Yadong , Xu Chaochao , Ge Qiwei , Zhang Ying , Wang Qiwen , Jia Dingjiacheng , Wang Lan , Si Jianmin , Wang Liangjing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe interplay between gut microbiota and tumor microenvironment (TME) in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is not well explored. Here, we elucidated the functional role of Bifidobacterium adolescentis (B.a) on CRC and investigated its possible mechanism on the manipulation of cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in CRC.MethodsDifferent CRC animal models and various cell line models were established to explore the function of B.a on CRC. The single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) or flow cytometry was used to detect the cell subsets in the TME of CRC. Western blot, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR), or immunofluorescence staining were performed to examine the activation of Wnt signaling and growth arrest specific 1 (GAS1) on CD143+ CAFs. Chromatin immunoprecipitation quantitative real‐time PCR (CHIP‐qPCR) was performed to investigate the regulation of transcription factor 4 (TCF4) on GAS1. Multi‐immunofluorescence assay examined the expression level of CD143 and GAS1 on tissue microarray.ResultsWe found that B.a abundance was significantly reduced in CRC patients from two independent cohorts and the bacteria database of GMrepo. Supplementation with B.a suppressed ApcMin/+ spontaneous or AOM/DSS‐induced tumorigenesis in mice. scRNA‐seq revealed that B.a facilitated a subset of CD143+ CAFs by inhibiting the infiltration of Th2 cells, while promoting the TNF‐alpha+ B cells in TME. CD143+ CAFs highly expressed GAS1 and exhibited tumor suppressive effect. Mechanistically, GAS1 was activated by the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling in CD143+ CAFs. B.a abundance was correlated with the expression level of CD143 and GAS1. The level of CD143+ CAFs predicted the better survival outcome in CRC patients.ConclusionsThese results highlighted that B.a induced a new subset of CD143+ CAFs by Wnt signaling‐regulated GAS1 to suppress tumorigenesis and provided a novel therapeutic target for probiotic‐based modulation of TME in CRC.
An unusual case of heart failure due to ANCA‐negative vasculitis: A case report and focused review of the literature
Authors: Orlando Porras Bueno Cristian , Ines Saldarriaga Giraldo Clara , Eduardo Roncancio Villamil Gustavo , Fernanda Álvarez Barreneche María 
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical MessageHeart failure due to ANCA‐negative vasculitis, is a rare potentially life‐threatening manifestation of ANCA vasculitis. Therefore, physicians must always pay attention to this manifestation for proper disease diagnosis and treatment.AbstractLess than 10% of primary vasculitides cause cardiac dysfunction, with Takayasu's arteritis, polyarteritis nodosa, and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis being the most common cases. However, any cardiac tissue can be affected by ANCA vasculitis. We present a case of heart failure with reduced ventricular ejection fraction due to ANCA negative‐vasculitis.
Synchronous occurrence of hepatic mucinous cystic neoplasm and serous ovarian cystadenoma
Authors: Limaiem Faten 
Published: August 2023

Key clinical messageThe coexistence of hepatic mucinous cystic neoplasm and ovarian serous cystadenoma is rare and can only be confirmed by histological examination of the surgical specimen. Complete surgical resection is the optimal treatment.AbstractMucinous cystic neoplasms (MCN) of the liver are rare premalignant lesions that account for less than 5% of all hepatic cysts. The synchronous occurrence of hepatic MCN with ovarian cystadenomas is rare. Herein, we report a case of a hepatic MCN coexistent with a serous ovarian cystadenoma.
Extracerebral anaplastic meningioma
Authors: Carillio Guido , Lavecchia Anna Maria , Misuraca Demetrio 
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical MessageConventional treatments of anaplastic meningioma include surgery and radiotherapy. Temozolomide is also an option. Metastases to extracerebral organs are very rare and hardly manageable. Antiangiogenic drugs could represent a salvage therapy.AbstractAnaplastic meningioma is an unusual tumor subtype that rarely involves organs outside the brain. In our case, a patient with cerebral meningioma developed lung metastases after 19 years from the initial tumor appearance. This unpredictable behavior could make complex the diagnosis.
Prediction of Molecular Conformation Using Deep Generative Neural Networks
Authors: Xu Congsheng , Lu Yi , Deng Xiaomei , Yu Peiyuan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe accurate prediction of molecular conformations with high efficiency is crucial in various fields such as materials science, computational chemistry and computer‐aided drug design, as the three‐dimensional structures accessible at a given condition usually determine the specific physical, chemical, and biological properties of a molecule. Traditional approaches for the conformational sampling of molecules such as molecular dynamics simulations and Markov chain Monte Carlo methods either require an exponentially increasing amount of time as the degree of freedom of the molecule increases or suffer from systematic errors that fail to obtain important conformations, thus presenting significant challenges for conformation sampling with both high efficiency and high accuracy. Recently, deep learning‐based generative models have emerged as a promising solution to this problem. These models can generate a large number of molecular conformations in a short time, and their accuracy is comparable and, in some cases, even better than that of current popular open‐source and commercial software. This Emerging Topic introduces the recent progresses of using deep learning for predicting molecular conformations and briefly discusses the potential and challenges of this emerging field.