bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Karakteristik Fruit Leather Kering dari Apel (Malus sylvestris) dan Buah Naga Merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus)
Authors: Revitriani Marina , Rahayuningsih Tri , Rejeki Fungki Sri , Noerhartati Endang 
Published: April 2023

Processing apples into products such as fruit leather is an effort to extend its shelf life, provide added value, easy to distribute, and potentially an export product, but it has an unattractive color, so it needed to combine with red dragon fruit. In addition, fruit leather has water content of 10-20%, so it has a limited shelf life. Therefore, it’s necessary to study dried fruit leather. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of dried fruit leather made from apple and dragon fruit. The experimental design used a randomized block design (RBD) with two factors, i.e. proportion of apples and red dragon fruits (75%:25%, 50%:50%, 25%:75%) and citric acid concentration (0%, 0.1%). The combination of those treatments was conducted in triplicate. Elasticity, tensile strength, L*a*b color, water content, total sugar, and vitamin C were parameters observed of the dried fruit leather. Sensory testing used a rank test of taste, color, texture, and aroma preferences. The data were analyzed by ANOVA (α=5%). If there was a difference, Duncan's test was performed. The Friedman test was used to analyze organoleptic test data. The results showed that there was an interaction between treatments on each parameter and between the treatments of the panelists' preference for the color and texture of the dried fruit leather. The characteristics of dried fruit leather have ranges of elasticity 13.00–33.00%, tensile strength 1.2–3 N, water content ranges from 1.3–5.3%, total sugar ranges from 67.30–71.70%, and vitamin C ranges from 50.00 mg/100g–94.00mg/100g. Brightness values ​​(L) range from 29.50 to 31.40, a* values ​​range from 12.9 to 17.7(red), and b* values ​​range from -8.2 to -14.8 (blue). Apple and red dragon fruit can make into dried fruit leather, which has a reddish-blue color.
Keywords: apple, citric acid, dragon fruits, dried fruit leather
Potensi Antioksidan Buah Naga Merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Kering dengan Pre-Treatment
Authors: Puspawati Gusti Ayu Kadek Diah , Ina Putu Timur , Ekawati Gusti Ayu 
Published: April 2023

Red dragon fruit has the potential as a functional food because it contains bioactive compounds that provide health benefits. Dried fruit is a simple processing fruit method and does not change the shape of the fresh fruit much, but during the drying process, the bioactive compounds are easily damaged by heat. It is necessary to give pre-treatment before drying. The study aimed to determine the antioxidant capacity, total phenolic, total flavonoid, betacyanin levels, and sensory preference of dried red dragon fruit with pre-treatments. The six levels of pre-treatments were without pretreatment/control (K0), steam blanching (70ºC) for 10 minutes (K1), soaking in cold citric acid (3%) for 10 minutes (K2), soaking in cold citric acid (3%) for 3 minutes, then steam blanching at 70ºC for 7 minutes (K3), soaking in cold salt (5%) for 10 minutes (K4), and soaking in cold salt (5%) for 3 minutes, steam blanching at 70ºC for 7 minutes (K5), then dried it at 50ºC for 18 hours. The results showed that the control (K0) had the highest total phenolic content (20.10 mg GAE/g), total flavonoid content (5.92 mg QE/g), betacyanin content (1.57 mg/g), antioxidant capacity (1.72 mg GAEAC/g), and organoleptic preference like of color (5.65), rather like of odor (5.00), like of texture (5.69), like of taste (5.92), and like of overall acceptance (5.92). Based on sensory (organoleptic) acceptance, the steam blanching (70ºC, 10 minutes) (K1) of dried red dragon fruit had the highest preference: like of color (6.08), like of texture (5.85), like of taste (6.23), and like of overall acceptance (6.23), but rather like of odor (5.31). Meanwhile, KI had 16.71 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 4.98 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, 0.87 mg/g of betacyanin levels, and 1.48 mg GAEAC/g of antioxidant capacity. Dried red dragon fruit (especially with steam blanching) has the potential as a functional food ingredient because the pre-treatment maintains its bioactive content during drying.
Keywords: dried red dragon fruit, functional food ingredients, pre-treatment
Aplikasi Citra Drone untuk Klasifikasi Vegetasi di Cagar Alam Curah Manis Sempolan 1 Menggunakan Metode Manual, Object Base Image Analysis (OBIA), dan K-Means
Authors: Nadzirah Rufiani , Saputra Yoga Rezky , Indarto Indarto 
Published: April 2023

Nowadays, vegetation classification can be used to find out the latest information about the characteristics and distribution of vegetation in an area. However, a conservative process to differentiate vegetation was ineffective. Some of those limitations are poor accessibility that does work less safety, time-consuming, and needs a lot of human resources. On the other hand, remote sensing offers solutions that cannot be done by the simple method, such as how to take the data, time-consuming are less, and human resource needs are less as well. The purpose of this study was to classify, measured the area of each vegetation, and compared the effectiveness of the unsupervised used K-Means algorithm and supervised used Object Base Image Analysis algorithm methods vegetation classification. For accuracy calculation with confusion matrix, the classification results of the two methods were compared with the manual digitization method. Data was taken using drones in the area of the Curah Manis Sempolan Nature Reserve 1. Classification of vegetation consists of 5 vegetation types, which was apak, bush, pine, bendo, and dadap. The total area of the study area was 1.633 ha, and area vegetation of each classification was apak 0.224 ha; bush 0.748 ha; pine 0.394 ha; bendo 0.222 ha; and dadap 0.045 ha. The results of the calculation of accuracy showed that the unsupervised method had a value for overall accuracy of 80% and kappa accuracy of 73.58%. Then, in the supervised for overall accuracy is 68% and kappa accuracy of 58.72%.
Keywords: classification, drone, remote sensing, satellite
Penambahan Serbuk Kelopak Bunga Rosela (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) untuk Meningkatkan Aktivitas Antioksidan pada Tempe Kedelai
Authors: Sitanggang Nopiana Elia Putri , Dewi Lusiawati 
Published: April 2023

Tempeh is a traditional food product made from soybeans through a fermentation process by tempeh mold (Rhizopus sp.). This food product besides having high nutritional value also contains antioxidant compounds which are very good for consumption but with a relatively low IC50 value. This study used rosella flower calyx (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) which are believed to have a high enough antioxidant content so they are effective in increasing the antioxidant content in tempeh. Furthermore, the addition of rosella calyx powder will give tempeh an attractive taste, aroma, and color. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of rosella calyx powder addition on tempeh making with various concentrations, i.e. 0% (P0), 0.5% (P2), 1% (P3), 1.5% (P4), and 2% (P5). The antioxidant activity using the DPPH method, the organoleptic properties based on the preference level (hedonic) using a questionnaire, and the water content of tempeh based on the principle of gravimetry method were also tested. The result showed that the IC50 value of 2% concentration of rosella calyx powder addition (P5) was 1596.9 ppm. IC50 of the P5 treatment was the highest antioxidant activity power category compared the other treatment, even though it was still relatively low in antioxidant activity. Then on the organoleptic test, the results showed that the addition of rosella flower calyx powder was able to affect the taste, color, and aroma of tempeh and has no effect on the water content of tempeh.
Keywords: antioxidant, organoleptic, rosella, tempeh, water content
Karakteristik Fisikokimia Tepung Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Varietas Lokal Merah dengan Fermentasi Spontan
Authors: Yusra Syarifah , Putri Elisa 
Published: April 2023

Modification of flour was carried out to improve the functional properties of starch and to expand the use of starch in food products. Local red varieties of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) were modified by spontaneous fermentation to increase protein digestibility and carbohydrate digestibility. In this study, 2 stages were carried out, i.e. natural sorghum flour (TSA), and spontaneously fermented sorghum flour (TSFS) with 3 levels of fermentation times (12, 48, and 72 hours TSFS). The purpose of this study was to determine the physicochemical characteristics of local red sorghum flour using the spontaneous fermentation method. The resulting product was observed for amylose content, tannin content, color, and amylograph profile with a rapid visco analyzer (RVA). The results showed that the fermentation conditions with 72 hours of TSFS increased the highest amylose content (6.43% wb) followed by the greatest change in the amylograph profile of the peak viscosity (2621 cP) compared to the 12 hours of TSFS and 48 hours of TFSF. This correlated positively with a significant decrease in tannin content in the 72-hour TSFS treatment (7.53 mg as.tannat/g). The tannin content lost by this method reached 60% of sorghum flour without treatment (16.69 mg as.tannat/g). However, in the analysis of the brightness level of sorghum flour, it was shown that the brightest color was obtained in the 48 h TSFS treatment. Modification of sorghum flour by spontaneous fermentation (using aquades immersion) can increase starch degradation and effectively improve the physicochemical properties of local varieties of red sorghum flour.
Keywords: fermentation, flour, modification, sorghum
Can Autologous Matrix-Induced Chondrogenesis (AMIC) provide positive outcomes in the treatment of retropatellar chondral lesions?
Authors: Gille Justus , Reiss Eric , Behrens Peter , Jakob Roland , Piontek Tomasz 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background The patellofemoral joint is a challenging environment for treating chondral defects. Among the surgical options for the treatment of chondral defects, the single-stage AMIC procedure uses a collagen I/III membrane to enhance bone-marrow stimulation. However, longer term outcomes data are rare for this specific indication. In order to provide real-world information, an ongoing registry has been established in order to record patient data and outcomes when AMIC is used to treat chondral and osteochondral lesions, which for this study were those of the patella.Methods Patient data were retrieved from an ongoing, prospective, multisite registry of patients who had undergone surgical repair of chondral defects via AMIC. We identified 65 patients, all of whom had been treated by one of the authors and for whom pre-operative and at least 1 post-operative score was available. Outcomes were assessed via the KOOS and the Lysholm scores. Outcomes at the post-operative time-points were analysed using a factorial ANOVA with post-hoc testing while linear regression was used to assess associations between the change in the Lysholm score and lesion size.Results The mean lesion size was 3.1 ± 1.4 cm2. The most common surgical approach was mini-open, the most common fixation was via fibrin glue and the mean length of follow-up of 5.8 years (range 1–10 years). There was a significant improvement in the KOOS scores from pre-operative to the 1st year post-operative (p < 0.001), which was maintained during the follow-up. Likewise, a significant improvement in the sports-recreation score (p > 0.001) as well as in ADL and QOL (p > 0.001 for both) were maintained throughout the follow-up.Conclusions The forces exerted on the patellofemoral joint make this a challenging scenario for chondral repair. Our data demonstrates that the AMIC procedure is an effective treatment for retropatellar cartilage lesions, and provides reliable results, with decreased pain and improved function. Importantly, these improvements were maintained through the follow-up period.
Comparative hyperaccumulator of Azolla pinnata and Lemna minor for livestock wastewater treatment: morpho-physiological and genetic approach
Authors: Na Nor Anis Nadhirah Md , Zakarya Irnis Azura , Kamaruddin Saadi Ahmad 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

The potential of two different aquatic macrophytes, A. pinnata and L. minor to treat livestock wastewater through phytoremediation were investigated. The physiological includes the removal efficiency of Manganese (Mn) from livestock wastewater by AAS, morphological observation was performed under visual and SEM. RAPD analysis were applied to observe the DNA expression. It was observed that the removal efficiency of Mn, was higher in L. minor with 92% removal rate, while in A.pinnata RE was at 77% rate. A.pinnata exhibits symptoms of cell death by shrinking when exposed to livestock effluent as early as 24 hours but L.minor showed no changes. RAPD analysis showed that there are 19% of polymorphism in L.minor, in A.pinnata there is increase in band intensities. It can be concluded that L. minor performed better as a hyperaccumulator in livestock wastewater than A. pinnata which exhibits signs of cell death.
How does world economic policy uncertainty influence the carbon dioxide emission reporting and performance? Study of Global Fortune 500 firms
Authors: Persakis Antonios , Fassas Athanasios , Koutoupis Andreas 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Using the measure of uncertainty, i.e., the World Economic Policy Uncertainty Index (WUI) developed by Ahir et al. (2018), this study analyses the effect of uncertainty on carbon dioxide emission reporting and performance. The methodological approach uses the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), utilising a comprehensive set of 604 firms that are obtained from the Fortune Global 500 list and covering the period 2005–2020. We demonstrate that WUI positively influences carbon dioxide emission reporting and negatively influences carbon dioxide emission reporting in order to mitigate the negative effects of uncertainty and increase firm trust by engaging in more sustainable practices. Additionally, our findings illustrate that carbon dioxide emission reporting is greater in firms operating in emissions-intensive industries in order to strengthen investors’ confidence and trust, especially during periods of high WUI. Finally, the study finds that higher emitters have lower carbon dioxide emission performance due to political and social pressures on these firms to incorporate environmental considerations, especially during periods of high WUI. Particularly for the regulatory body and the industry association when creating improved legislation and recommendations on environmental and social reports relating carbon emission reporting and performance, our empirical findings should have urgent practical ramifications.
Immobilization Period for Non-Operative Treatment of Proximal Humerus Fracture: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Ataei Mehdi , Moradi Ali , Ebrahimzadeh Mohammad-H , Rastaghi Sedigheh , Daliri Mahla 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Proximal humerus fractures (PHFs) are common fractures in the elderly and are typically treated conservatively with immobilization. However, there is no consensus on whether to choose early or conventional late mobilization and their outcomes into account. This paper reviews comparative studies on the one and three weeks’ immobilization period clinical outcomes in terms of 1) limb function, 2) pain intensity, and 3) complications, following the adoption of the PHF non-surgical treatment.
Method
Current systematic review searches PubMed, Scopus, and Web of science databases, looking for randomized clinical trials on patients with PHF, comparing clinical outcomes between two groups who immobilized for one week (early mobilization) or three weeks (late mobilization). We also performed a meta-analysis to compare the two groups' limb function and pain levels at three and six months of follow-up.
Result
Five of the seven RCTs had adequate data to be included in the meta-analysis. The quantitative results show that early mobilized patients have improved limb function at three (std mean difference: 0.42, CI 95%: 0.137–0.707) and six (std mean difference: 0.37, CI 95%: 0.098–0.644) months’ follow-up. At either three or six months, there was no difference in pain intensity between the two groups.
Conclusion
This review supports adoption of early mobilization at one week for PHFs non-operative management. However, to compare the long-term effects, more clinical trials with longer follow-ups are beneficial.
Level of Evidence: level I (systematic review and meta-analysis)
combined pedicled superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap for lower extremity defect reconstruction
Authors: Ou changliang , Li ji , Luo xuchao , Sun li , Zou yonggen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND Extensive lower extremity tissue defects pose difficulties for surgeons. Considering the natural contour, aesthetics, and restoration of motor function, the ideal solution should match and customize a flexible and large flap, and restore circulation as soon as possible to reduce the risk of infection and flap necrosis. As superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flaps (SCIP flaps) have matured to cover multiple defects in the body, we present a combined pedicled SCIP flap for repair and reconstruction of lower extremity tissue defects.METHODS From September 2015 to January 2018, seven patients (all men) had a mean age of 45.5 years (39–47 years). We used a combined pedicled SCIP flap to repair large defects of the lower extremity. Dissecting the appropriate pedicle length to participate in intra-flap anastomosis and increase blood circulation. The average cutting area of the flap was 10.0 cm × 8.0 cm (6.0 × 3.0 cm-27.0 × 10.0 cm). We followed up all patients and the donor sites were successfully closed.RESULTS 7 flaps have completely survived. One flap was large (27.0×10 cm) and had slight necrosis at the distal end of the flap on postoperative 7th day; the flap survived after debridement and dressing change. one flap had mild venous obstruction and was re-explored for arterial vascular anastomosis, and the flap was completely viable without other complications. All patients were followed up for a mean of 10.5 months (9 to 14 months). The donor area healed well; the flap achieved a natural contour in appearance, with a soft texture and no pressure pain, and the affected limb recovered function and walked without deformity.Conclusion For patients seeking primary coverage of lower extremity tissue defects, the combined pedicled SCIP flap, with covering large defects with lower morbidity, is a great alternative.
Exploring L-isoleucine riboswitches for enhancing 4-hydroxyisoleucine production in Corynebacterium glutamicum
Authors: Xiang Youhe , Chen Rui , Shi Feng , Lai Wenmei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To explore an L-isoleucine (Ile)-induced biosensor for down-regulation of Ile synthesis pathway and enhancement of 4-hydroxyisoleucine (4-HIL) production in Corynebacterium glutamicum SN01.
Results
Four Ile-induced riboswitches (IleRSN) with different strength were screened from mutation library based on TPP riboswitch. Firstly, IleRSN were integrated into the chromosome of strain SN01 immediately upstream of ilvA gene. The 4-HIL titer of strains carrying PtacM-driven IleRS1 or IleRS3 (14.09±1.07, 15.20±0.93 g 4-HIL L-1) were similar with control strain S-D5I (15.73±2.66 g 4-HIL L-1). Then, another copy of IleRS3-ilvA was integrated downstream of the chromosomal cg0963 gene in SN01-derived strain D-RS with down-regulated L-lysine (Lys) biosynthesis. The Ile supply and 4-HIL titer increased in ilvA two-copy strains KIRSA-3-D5I and KIRSA-3-9I, and Ile concentration was maintained less than 35 mmol L-1 under the control of IleRS3 during fermentation. The resulting strain KIRSA-3-9I produced 22.46±0.96 g 4-HIL L-1.
Conclusion
The screened IleRS was effective in the dynamic down-regulation of Ile synthesis pathway in C. glutamicum, and IleRSN with different strength can be applied in various conditions.
Classification Based on Event in Survival Machine Learning Analysis of Cardiovascular Disease Cohort
Authors: Ahmad Shokh Mukhtar , Ahmed Nawzad Muhammed 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The goal of this paper is to evaluate supervised learning classification models in a survival analysis problem of cardiovascular patients with a significant cured fraction. A sample include 919 patients referred to Sulaymaniyah Cardiac Hospital (including 365 females and 554 male) were followed up for a maximum of 650 days in 2021 to 2023. In the sample, 162 patients (17.6%) during research time died. Cure fraction in this cohort was confirmed based on the Mahler and Zhu test (P<0.01), so for this case several machine learning classifications are applied to find the best patient status prediction procedure. Using several machine learning algorithms, the patients were classified into alive and dead. The results based on several indicators were almost the same. But in general, the random forest was identified as the best method in most of the indicators and of course with the Area under ROC = 0.934. The just weakness point of this method is that it did not work relatively well in the correct diagnosis of the deceased, and instead, the SVM with FP Rate = 0.263 performed better. After that, logistic and simple regression with Area under ROC = 0.911 and 0.909 showed better performance than others.
Physiological effects of lung protective ventilation in patients with lung fibrosis and usual interstitial pneumonia pattern versus primary ARDS: a matched-control study
Authors: Tonelli Roberto , Grasso Salvatore , Cortegiani Andrea , Ball Lorenzo , Castaniere Ivana , Tabbì Luca , Fantini Riccardo , Andrisani Dario , Gozzi Filippo , Moretti Antonio , Bruzzi Giulia , Manicardi Linda , Cerri Stefania , Samarelli Anna Valeria , Raineri Giulia , Murgolo Francesco , Carzoli Andrea , Mussi Rossella Di , Busani Stefano , Rizzoni Raffaella , Grasselli Giacomo , Clini Enrico , Marchioni Alessandro 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Although patients with AE-ILD and UIP pattern may experience severe acute respiratory failure requiring invasive MV, physiological data on lung mechanics during these events are lacking. We aimed to describe the physiological effect of lung protective ventilation in patients with AE-ILD-UIP and to compare it with primary ARDS.Methods Partitioned lung and chest wall mechanics were compared between patients AE-ILD-UIP and 1:1 matched primary ARDS (based on BMI and PaO2/FiO2 ratio) within a PEEP trial performed within 24 h from intubation and comprising three levels of PEEP [(ZEEP), 4–8 cmH2O (PEEPLOW) and PEEP titrated to achieve positive end-expiratory transpulmonary pressure (PL,EE) (PEEPTITRATED)]Results Ten patients with AE-ILD-UIP and 10 matched with primary ARDS were included. In AE-ILD-UIP median PL,EE at ZEEP was − 4.3 [-7.6 – -2.3] cmH2O and lung elastance (EL) 44 [40–51] cmH2O/L. At PEEPLOW, PL,EE remained negative and EL did not change (p = 0.995) versus ZEEP. At PEEPTITRATED, PL,EE increased to 0.8 [0.3–1.5] cmH2O and EL to 49 [59–43] (p = 0.004 and p < 0.001 compared to ZEEP and PEEPLOW, respectively). ΔPL decreased at PEEPLOW (p = 0.018) and increased at PEEPTITRATED (p = 0.003). Differently than AE-ILD-UIP, in ARDS matched controls PEEP titration to obtain a positive PL,EE did not result in changes in EL and ΔPL.Conclusions In mechanically ventilated AE-ILD-UIP, lower PEEP levels did not impact on EL and ΔPL whereas, differently than in patients with primary ARDS, PEEP titrated to obtain a positive PL,EE worsened EL and ΔPL.