bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of P Enriched Compost on Growth and Yield Attributes of Barnyard Millet in Red and Black Soils of Madurai District, India
Authors: Karthiga S. , Saliha B. Bhakiyathu , Kumutha K. , Mary P. Christy Nirmala , Singh R. Durai 
Published: September 2023

A field study was conducted during the summer (kharif) season of 2023 at the Lalapuram village, Thirumangalam block of Madurai district, to assess the influence of phosphorus-enriched compost on the growth and yield parameters of barnyard millet in both red and black soils. The recommend dose of barnyard millet was 40: 20: 0 kg ha -1 of NPK in which the recommended dose of P (20 kg ha -1) was given in form of enriched compost and the enrichment was done at 1: 10 ratio of P source and compost. Three different types of compost such as farmyard manure compost, municipal solid waste compost and vermicompost were enriched with two different P sources such as single super phosphate @ 100 kg / t of compost and rock phosphate @ 100 kg / t of compost. Azophos, a plant growth promoting rhizobacteria based microbial consortium was added to the P enriched compost @ 2 kg / ton of compost. Among the different combinations, application of SSP enriched vermicompost @ 750 kg ha -1 along with microbial consortium performed better in both the soils. The growth and yield attributes of barnyard millet in black soil was better compared to that of red soil. SSP enriched vermicompost @ 750 kg ha -1 along with microbial consortium recorded the highest growth parameters in terms of no. of tillers per plant (8.71), Leaf area index ( 2.98 ), root length ( 20.7 cm) and dry matter production (5260.1 kg ha -1) at 60 DAS and yield parameters in terms of no of productive tillers (6.81), panicle length (21.4 cm), panicle weight (14.65 g), 1000 grain weight (3.24 g), grain yield (2350 kg ha -1) and stover yield (4420 kg ha -1). Hence, it was found that the application of SSP-enriched vermicompost coupled with azophos at 30 and 60 DAS of the crop growth stages, can curtail N and P fertilizer consumption by 50 and 100 percent respectively while fostering sustainable plant growth and enhancement of yield.
Childhood bullying victimization, emotion regulation, rumination, distress tolerance, and depressive symptoms: A cross‐national examination among young adults in seven countries
Authors: Labella Madelyn H. , Klein Neelamberi D. , Yeboah Georgina , Bailey Claire , Doane Ashley N. , Kaminer Debra , Bravo Adrian J. ,   Cross‐Cultural Addictions Study Team
Published: September 2023

AbstractExisting research suggests a robust association between childhood bullying victimization and depressive symptoms in adulthood, but less is known about potential mediators of this link. Furthermore, there is limited cross‐national research evaluating similarities and differences in bullying victimization and its associations with mental health. The current study addressed gaps in the literature by evaluating cognitive and affective responses to stress (i.e., emotion regulation, rumination, and distress tolerance) as potential mediators of the link between recalled bullying victimization and current depressive symptoms among 5909 (70.6% female) college students from seven countries. Results revealed specific indirect associations of bullying victimization through distress tolerance and three out of four facets of rumination, as well as a persistent direct association of childhood bullying on adulthood depression. Emotion regulation strategies were not significantly associated with bullying victimization and did not mediate its association with depressive symptoms. Constrained multigroup models indicated that results were invariant across country and gender. Findings provide evidence of statistical mediation in a cross‐sectional sample and await replication in prospective studies. Rumination and distress tolerance may be promising targets for resilience‐promoting interventions among children experiencing peer victimization. Ongoing research is needed to clarify cross‐national patterns in childhood bullying, identify additional mediators accounting for the remaining direct association, and evaluate emotion regulation as a potential moderator of associations between bullying victimization and adult mental health.
Self‐Adaptive MoO3−xSubnanometric Wires Incorporated Scaffolds for Osteosarcoma Therapy and Bone Regeneration
Authors: Fang Ying , Yu Yang , Jiang Xiaoyan , Liu Peilai , Chen Yu , Feng Wei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractResidual tumor cells and bone tissue defects are two critical challenges in clinical osteosarcoma treatment. Herein, a subnanomedicine concept is proposed by developing a self‐adaptive functional tissue engineering scaffold constructed by integrating MoO3−xsubnanometric wires onto 3D printing bioactive glass scaffolds. The MoO3−xsubnanometric wires are synthesized by a one‐pot hydrothermal method, which aggregate in an acidic tumor microenvironment and react with hydrogen peroxide to produce reactive oxygen species for specific chemodynamic therapy. However, they can degrade rapidly under physiological conditions without causing toxicity. Moreover, self‐adaptively enhanced photothermal conversion enables tumor‐targeting photothermal therapy while enhancing chemodynamic therapy. Additionally, the Mo5+‐Mo6+transition enables lipid peroxide accumulation and glutathione depletion, thereby resulting in the deactivation of glutathione peroxidase 4 protein and ferroptosis through Western blot analysis, confocal laser scanning microscopy observation, and mRNA transcriptome analysis. In addition to its robustness against osteosarcoma, the constructed scaffolds can stimulate rat bone mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and proliferation as well as promote osteogenesis in bone defects. Therefore, this multifunctional scaffold not only validates the subnanomedicine concept but also provides a promising clinical strategy for bone tissue engineering.
Photothermal Aza‐Michael Addition of Divergent Amines to Vinyl Sulfones: A Method Towards Transition Metal‐ and Base‐Free Medium
Authors: Duraisamy Tamilselvan , Govindan Karthick , Thavasianandam Seenivasan Vijay , Chen Nian‐Qi , Liao Zi‐Xian , Lin Wei‐Yu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA highly efficient and versatile method has been developed for the photothermal aza‐Michael addition, producing β‐amino sulfones with excellent yields. The protocol uses mild and simple conditions under the batch and continuous flow process and is suitable for synthesis, without the need for transition metal catalysts, ligands, strong acids, or bases. This sustainable approach offers a significant breakthrough in organic synthesis with potential applications in medicinal chemistry and materials science.
A sustained‐release gel film based on chitosan for treating cutaneous candidiasis
Authors: Fu Hudie , Kang Li , Yu Lanjun , Fu Yanping , Wen Zhijie , Zhu Shengpeng , Zhao Mohan , Wang Yuqing , Chen Qi , Lin Qinxiong , Yang Xinzhou , Hu Yan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHydrogels have been widely used in wound dressings owing to their biocompatibility and bacteriostatic properties. In this study, a chitosan‐citric acid gel film was prepared using chitosan as the raw material and citric acid as the acid solvent and cross‐linking agent. In addition, to increase the antibacterial effect of the gel film, ketoconazole/β‐cyclodextrin inclusion complex was prepared by inclusion technology and added to the gel film to prepare a chitosan‐citric acid sustained‐release gel film loaded with ketoconazole/β‐cyclodextrin inclusion complex for treating cutaneous candidiasis. The physical and chemical properties of the chitosan‐citric acid gel films were investigated using infrared spectroscopy, x‐ray diffraction, water vapor transmittance test, thermal analysis, and swelling tests. Drug release, antibacterial, and toxicity tests of the chitosan‐citric acid gel film loading with ketoconazole/β‐cyclodextrin inclusion complex were carried out in vitro. The composite film showed good sustained drug release behavior, antibacterial effects, and biocompatibility in vitro. These results support that the chitosan‐citric acid hydrogel has great potential as a gel wound dressing for the treatment of cutaneous candidiasis.
Synthesis of multi‐element hybrid polyphosphonitrile microspheres and their flame retardant application in epoxy resins
Authors: Tian Li , Zheng Qiang , Zeng Huichong , Wang Xingyu , Cui Jinfeng , Yang Baoping , Guo Junhong , Mu Bo , Bao Xuemei , Wang Xiaomu , Li Huaming 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, Salen‐Ni basis polyphosphazene microsphere (Salen‐PZN‐Ni), boric acid (BA), and 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH‐550) were used as raw materials to prepare a new flame retardant Salen‐PZN‐Ni@BA@KH‐550 by surface modification. The thermal and flame retardant properties of epoxy resin (EP) composites were studied. The introduction of Salen‐PZN‐Ni@BA@KH‐550 refined the thermal stability of EP composites, as well as the amount of carbon residue at 800°C. At 5 wt% of Salen‐PZN‐Ni@BA@KH‐550, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of EP composites is increased from 25.4% to 30.5% and UL‐94 has been achieved with a V‐1 rating. Meanwhile, the mechanical properties of Salen‐PZN‐Ni@BA@KH‐550/EP composites were also improved. In addition, the good char formation ability of Salen‐PZN‐Ni@BA@KH‐550 caused the reduction of peak heat release rate, total heat release rate, maximum average heat release rate and total smoke generation of the EP composites. All these results indicate that Salen‐PZN‐Ni@BA@KH‐550/EP composites have a wider range of applications.
Fixed‐time synchronization in multilayer networks with delay Cohen–Grossberg neural subnets via adaptive quantitative control
Authors: Tan Fei , Zhou Lili , Lu Junwei , Zhang Huiying 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, fixed‐time synchronization of nonlinear stochastic coupling multilayer neural networks is studied. The neural subnets in the multilayer networks are delay Cohen–Grossberg neural networks (DCGNNs). To overcome uncertain factors, we designed an adaptive delay‐dependent controller in synchronization. To describe constraints of communication and other related problems in networks, which are due to limitations for bit rates and bandwidths in communication channels, an adaptive fixed‐time control strategy is purposed by introducing quantization signal input. A theoretical framework about fixed‐time synchronization in multilayer delay Cohen–Grossberg neural networks (MDCGNNs) is established. We find that fixed settling time is related to the scale of MDCGNNs, characteristics of the designed controller parameters, and level of quantization. Finally, the effective of the theoretical framework is validated in an example.
Consumption systems: Unveiling bi‐residential and delegated consumption
Authors: Scarano Monica C. , Ertz Myriam 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBased on an exploratory study of 29 semi‐structured interviews followed by a grounded theory analysis, this research explores the circulation of local products and brands enacted by bi‐residential consumers with geographically dispersed networks across two places. The results show that two new consumption systems are emerging at the frontier between conventional and collaborative consumption: bi‐residential and delegated consumption. In these two consumption systems, the bi‐residential consumer mediates the relationship between the retailer and the final consumer, thus informally extending the retailer's downstream value chain. Bi‐residential and delegated systems partly overlap but also differ from conventional or collaborative consumption systems in two ways: (a) they are linked in a modelized process sustained by the perception of ‘access’ and the ‘logistic role’ of the bi‐residential consumer; (b) they are embedded in a hybrid exchange system intertwining gift‐giving and monetary exchange. These consumption systems occur at the interstice between conventional and collaborative consumption. Local retailers and brands could benefit from knowledge in this area with a view to opening up new opportunities in value co‐creation with bi‐residential consumers.
A New Harziane Diterpene, Harziaketal A, and a New Sterol, Trichosterol A, from the Marine‐Alga‐Epiphytic Trichoderma sp. Z43
Authors: Shi Zhen‐Zhen , Yin Xiu‐Li , Song Yin‐Ping , Ji Nai‐Yun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOne new diterpene, harziaketal A (1), and one new highly degraded sterol, trichosterol A (2), along with three known compounds, including one diterpene, harzianone (3), and two steroids, (22E,24R)‐5α,6α‐epoxy‐ergosta‐8(14),22‐dien‐3β,7α‐diol (4) and isoergokonin B (5), were isolated from the culture of the marine‐alga‐epiphytic fungus Trichoderma sp. Z43 by silica gel column chromatography (CC), Sephadex LH‐20 CC, and preparative thin‐layer chromatography (TLC). Their structures and relative configurations were assigned by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high resolution electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (HR‐ESI‐MS) data, and the absolute configuration of 1 was established by X‐ray diffraction. Compound 1 features a hemiketal unit situated at the four‐membered ring of harziane‐type diterpenes for the first time, while 2 represents the rare occurrence of sterols with rings A and B being degraded. Compounds 1 and 2 displayed weak inhibition against the tested phytoplankton (Amphidinium carterae, Heterocapsa circularisquama, Heterosigma akashiwo, and Prorocentrum donghaiense) with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) ranging from 14 to 53 μg/mL.
Sterically Enhanced Control of Enzyme‐Assisted DNA Assembly**
Authors: Irving Oliver J. , Matthews Lauren , Coulthard Steven , Neely Robert K. , Grant Melissa M. , Albrecht Tim 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTraditional methods for the assembly of functionalised DNA structures, involving enzyme restriction and modification, present difficulties when working with small DNA fragments (<100 bp), in part due to a lack of control over enzymatic action during the DNA modification process. This limits the design flexibility and range of accessible DNA structures. Here, we show that these limitations can be overcome by introducing chemical modifications into the DNA that spatially restrict enzymatic activity. This approach, sterically controlled nuclease enhanced (SCoNE) DNA assembly, thereby circumvents the size limitations of conventional Gibson assembly (GA) and allows the preparation of well‐defined, functionalised DNA structures with multiple probes for specific analytes, such as IL‐6, procalcitonin (PCT), and a biotin reporter group. Notably, when using the same starting materials, conventional GA under typical conditions fails. We demonstrate successful analyte capture based on standard and modified sandwich ELISA and also show how the inclusion of biotin probes provides additional functionality for product isolation.
Long‐range Through‐space Charge Transfer in a pH‐responsive Mixed Cyclophane of Pyridine and Teropyrene
Authors: Ghasemabadi Parisa Ghods , Tabasi Zahra A. , Salari Parinaz , Zhao Yuming , Bodwell Graham J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA large, strained (SE=44.2 kcal/mol) and conformationally flexible mixed cyclophane of pyridine and teropyrene was synthesized using two intramolecular Wurtz coupling reactions and an unprecedented Scholl reaction between the unreactive 2 positions of the pyrene systems in a triply bridged pyrenophane. Protonation of the pyridine unit results in a greatly enhanced preference for nesting in the cavity of the highly bent teropyrene system (θcalc=162.6°) and emergence of a charge transfer absorption band (λmax=592 nm) due to a long range (5.0–5.5 Å), through‐space intramolecular transition between the teropyrene and pyridinium units, which does not exist in the neutral cyclophane.
Mechanistic Investigations into the Catalytic Mode of a Dehydratase Complex Involved in the Biosynthesis of Lantibiotic Cacaoidin
Authors: Xue Yanqing , Li Miao , Hu Ling , Liu Jianing , Pan Lifeng , Liu Wen 
Published: September 2023

Comprehensive SummaryDehydration of serine/threonine residues necessitates the activity of a dehydratase enzyme (domain) during the biosynthesis of RiPP. Recently, it was reported that dehydration in the thioviridamide pathway relies on a distinct dehydratase complex that showcases the activities of a phosphotransferase TvaC for serine/threonine phosphorylation and a lyase TvaD for subsequent phosphate elimination. Herein, we report that dehydration reactions in the pathway of lantibiotic cacaoidin involves a similar dehydratase complex, CaoK/CaoY. Remarkably, this dehydratase complex exhibits flexible enzymatic activity and tolerates significant variations in its substrate peptide sequence. By binding with the leader peptide (LP) sequence of precursor peptide CaoA, the dehydration reactions proceed in a directional manner from the C‐terminus of the core peptide (CP) to the N‐terminus, and C‐terminally truncated variants of CP are acceptable. We show that fusing CaoK to CaoY in a 1 : 1 molar ratio enables the resulting enzyme CaoYK to exert enhanced dehydration activity. CaoK binds with the LP to improve its own solubility and to ensure the phosphate transfer activity, while CaoY functions in a manner independently of LP. This work advances our understanding of the dehydration process during cacaoidin formation, and provides useful enzymes and methods for the studies of the rapidly emerging RiPPs.
Integrating real‐time hybrid simulation with multi‐fidelity Monte Carlo predictor for seismic fragility assessment
Authors: Gao Xiaoshu , Chen Cheng , Peng Changle , Xu Weijie , Guo Tong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSeismic fragility evaluates the performance of a structure regarding to its capability to withstand earthquake loads by describing the exceedance probability for selected engineering demand parameters. High‐fidelity (HF) models are essential for simulation‐based techniques to obtain accurate fragility assessment in the presence of uncertainties. Dynamic structural behavior however is often difficult to replicate realistically through numerical simulation, especially when parts of the structure are difficult for accurate modeling due to their inherent complex nonlinearity. This study presents the integration of real‐time hybrid simulation (RTHS) with multi‐fidelity Monte Carlo (MFMC) predictor for seismic fragility analysis. RTHS combines physical testing of experimental substructures and numerical modeling of analytical substructures thus presenting a cyber‐physical alternative for HF seismic performance evaluation. The MFMC predictor provides an optimized allocation algorithm that makes full use of data from both HF and low‐fidelity (LF) models to achieve unbiased estimation for response quantities of interests. Experimentally expensive HF data from RTHS is thus integrated with computationally cheap simulation of LF numerical models through MFMC to facilitate seismic fragility analysis. A two‐story steel moment resisting frame (MRF) with self‐centering viscous dampers (SC‐VDs) is utilized to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method. Computational simulation is first performed to numerically verify the feasibility of the proposed method for the MRF subjected to non‐stationary stochastic ground motions. RTHS is then conducted experimentally as HF model and integrated with linear elastic LF models through MFMC for fragility analysis of the MRF equipped with SC‐VDs. Both computational and experimental analysis demonstrate that the proposed method provides a promising technique for seismic fragility assessment especially when accurate modeling is not available due to complex structural behavior.
Interpreting cardiac biomarkers in small animal practice
Authors: Bode Liz , Lau Stephanie 
Published: September 2023

Background: Cardiac troponin‐I (cTnI) and N‐terminal pro B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) are two cardiac biomarkers readily available on the market. These two biomarkers are useful diagnostic tools used in the right setting: differentiating cardiac and non‐cardiac causes of respiratory distress and providing prognosis prediction. However, these tests have their limitations and their results should be interpreted with these limitations in mind.Aim of the article: This article reviews the available evidence around the physiology of cTnI and NT‐proBNP – the commercially available assays – and discusses their indications, limitations and result interpretation for each biomarker. The emerging biomarker, microRNA, is also briefly discussed.
Photon spectra effects tested on the vegetal model Allium cepa
Authors: de Souza Mariana , Sammarro Silva Kamila Jessie , Garbuio Matheus , Inada Natalia Mayumi , Bagnato Vanderlei Salvador , Lima Alessandra Ramos 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe use of artificial light sources in plants is considered a type of photobiomodulation (PBM), a trend in agriculture and food industries, aiming at decontamination, pest control, and increased production yield. However, literature lacks a broader assessment to address the effects of photon light spectra on plant characteristics. Here, we aimed to describe the effects of visible light, infrared, and ultraviolet light upon Allium cepa, a known bioindicator, under various light doses. Samples irradiated under visible and infrared light did not show cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, or mutagenicity in any of the evaluated doses. Light induction at 460 and 635 nm significantly stimulated root development of the test organism. In contrast, 254 nm irradiation proved to be cytotoxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic. This work reveals and quantifies the spectral response of A. cepa seeds, suggesting that it can be proposed as a model for future research on mechanisms of PBM in plants.
Data‐driven approaches for identifying hyperparameters in multi‐step retrosynthesis
Authors: Westerlund Annie M. , Barge Bente , Mervin Lewis , Genheden Samuel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe multi‐step retrosynthesis problem can be solved by a search algorithm, such as Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS). The performance of multistep retrosynthesis, as measured by a trade‐off in search time and route solvability, therefore depends on the hyperparameters of the search algorithm. In this paper, we demonstrated the effect of three MCTS hyperparameters (number of iterations, tree depth, and tree width) on metrics such as Linear integrated speed‐accuracy score (LISAS) and Inverse efficiency score which consider both route solvability and search time. This exploration was conducted by employing three data‐driven approaches, namely a systematic grid search, Bayesian optimization over an ensemble of molecules to obtain static MCTS hyperparameters, and a machine learning approach to dynamically predict optimal MCTS hyperparameters given an input target molecule. With the obtained results on the internal dataset, we demonstrated that it is possible to identify a hyperparameter set which outperforms the current AiZynthFinder default setting. It appeared optimal across a variety of target input molecules, both on proprietary and public datasets. The settings identified with the in‐house dataset reached a solvability of 93 % and median search time of 151 s for the in‐house dataset, and a 74 % solvability and 114 s for the ChEMBL dataset. These numbers can be compared to the current default settings which solved 85 % and 73 % during a median time of 110s and 84 s, for in‐house and ChEMBL, respectively.