bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Competitive Hydrodeoxygenation and Hydrodenitrogenation Reactions in the Hydrotreatment of Fatty Acid and Amine Mixtures
Authors: Verkama Emma , Auvinen Paavo , Albersberger Sylvia , Tiitta Marja , Karinen Reetta , Puurunen Riikka L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractUnderstanding how hydrotreating oxygen-containing compounds together with nitrogen-containing compounds affects the reactivity and selectivity is relevant for processing renewable feedstocks. In this work, competitive hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) and hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) reactions were studied by co-hydrotreating palmitic acid (C16 acid) and tetradecylamine (C14 amine) over a Pt/ZrO2 catalyst in a batch reactor. HDO proceeded faster than HDN in the studied system, and the deoxygenation reactions were found to have an inhibitory effect on HDN. Co-hydrotreating the C16 acid and the C14 amine expanded the reaction network from the individual HDO and HDN networks and changed the prevailing reaction pathways, initially in favor of oxygen removal. The formation of heavy secondary amides and amines through condensation reactions became increasingly favored as the share of C16 acid in the feed increased. For a given conversion level, the condensation product selectivity was observed to increase as the reaction temperature was decreased, whereas increasing the reaction temperature promoted the formation of the desired paraffins. This work described the ease of HDO compared to HDN, the role of condensation reactions in the co-hydrotreating reaction network, and the inhibitory effect on HDN thereof.
Board’s financial expertise: a bibliometric analysis and future research agenda
Authors: Alcaide-Ruiz María Dolores , Bravo-Urquiza Francisco 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper runs a bibliometric analysis in order to present the characteristics and evolution of the publications of the research on board financial expertise. Our sample is composed of all the documents from the Web of Science for the period 1900–2020. The findings show that financial expertise research activity has grown exponentially, although in Europe it has been scantly developed. The analysis also reveals the most cited authors and papers, including the most frequent topics in this research area, highlighting that current trends are moving toward corporate social responsibility and ethical aspects. Potential research directions are also provided by suggesting specific research themes and conceptual approaches. This analysis has direct implications for academics in positioning their future research. The increasing importance of the assessment of scientific production has also made bibliometric studies have significant implications for universities and policymakers.
Microstrobilinia castrans, a new genus and species of the Sclerotiniaceae parasitizing pollen cones of Picea spp.
Authors: Beenken Ludwig , Stroheker Sophie , Dubach Vivanne , Schlegel Markus , Queloz Valentin , Gross Andrin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe fungal pathogens of spruce are well known in Europe and elsewhere. Therefore, it was surprising to discover a new fungal species and genus in Central Europe that attacks the pollen cones of three spruce species. The new ascomycete forms apothecia on stromatized pollen cones of Norway spruce (Picea abies) and Serbian spruce (Picea omorika) in mountain areas and on West Himalayan spruce (Picea smithiana) planted in urban lowland regions of Switzerland, Germany, and Italy. It was also detected in France, based on metabarcode sequences deposited in the GlobalFungi database. Its sudden appearance and the different origins of the host trees in Europe and Asia leave the origin of the fungus unclear. The new fungus might be a neomycete for Europe. A phylogenetic analysis using SSU, LSU, ITS, RPB2, and TEF1 sequences classified the fungus as a member of Sclerotiniaceae (Helotiales, Leotiomycetes). However, it differs morphologically from the other genera of this family in having an ascus without apical apparatus containing four mainly citriform spores with 16 nuclei each. Furthermore, it is the only known cup fungus that parasitizes pollen cones of conifers by stromatizing their tissue and infecting pollen grains. The fungus does not seem to cause major damage to the spruce populations, as only a few pollen cones per tree are affected. All this leads us to describe the newly discovered fungus as the new species and new genus Microstrobilinia castrans, the fungus that castrates pollen cones of spruce.
Uncertainty assessment of remote sensing- and ground-based methods to estimate wildfire emissions: a case study in Calabria region (Italy)
Authors: Castagna Jessica , Senatore Alfonso , Pellis Guido , Vitullo Marina , Bencardino Mariantonia , Mendicino Giuseppe 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn a general framework characterized by ever-increasing evidence of impacts attributable to climate change, the quantitative estimation of wildfire emissions (e.g., black carbon, carbon monoxide, particulate matter) and the evaluation of its uncertainty are crucial for mitigation and adaptation purposes. Global atmospheric emission models use mainly remote sensing fire datasets, which are affected by significant uncertainties. To assess the errors of remote sensing-based inventories, we compared the temporal and spatial behavior of the last version of the satellite-based Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED4s) with a more accurate ground-based wildfire emissions inventory, for the 2008–2016 period. The study area was Calabria (southern Italy), among the Italian regions with the highest contribution to national wildfire emissions. This study highlights a reliable agreement of time evolution of Burned Areas (R2 = 0.87), but an overestimation of their extent by satellite compared to ground observations (approximately + 18%). Nevertheless, satellite data systematically underestimated Dry Matter and emissions by forest and grassland wildfires (ranging between -66% and -97%). Furthermore, detailed information on land cover allowed assessing the vegetation parameters uncertainties on ground-based emission inventory. The Mass Available Fuel values, which are constantly modified by wildfires, and land use changes, and not frequently updated, showed not to affect the emission estimations. Finally, the relationship between ground-based and remote sensing-based inventories for the analyzed period highlighted that the preliminary satellite emissions related to 2017–2019 require careful validation before any applications.
Banach spaces which always produce octahedral spaces of operators
Authors: Rueda Zoca Abraham 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe characterise those Banach spaces X which satisfy that L(Y, X) is octahedral for every non-zero Banach space Y. They are those satisfying that, for every finite dimensional subspace Z, $$\ell _\infty $$

ℓ
∞

can be finitely-representable in a part of X kind of $$\ell _1$$

ℓ
1

-orthogonal to Z. We also prove that L(Y, X) is octahedral for every Y if, and only if, $$L(\ell _p^n,X)$$

L
(

ℓ
p
n

,
X
)

is octahedral for every $$n\in {\mathbb {N}}$$

n
∈
N

and $$1<p<\infty $$

1
<
p
<
∞

. Finally, we find examples of Banach spaces satisfying the above conditions like $${\textrm{Lip}}_0(M)$$

Lip
0

(
M
)

spaces with octahedral norms or $$L_1$$

L
1

-preduals with the Daugavet property.
Evaluation of hardness and impact toughness of drawn arc stud weldments on different structural steel grades
Authors: Brätz Oliver , Henkel Knuth-Michael 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe drawn arc stud welding (DASW) procedure is usually qualified by visual examinations and practical destructive tests of the joint according to international standards. An assessment of the material properties in specific weld zone regions is not requested under consideration of their limited areas or the general joint dimension although the press welding process implies a complex metallurgy. Nonetheless, there is a need of knowledge regarding the heterogeneous material properties in the weld zone, especially when welding on base materials with specified strength and toughness behavior that might be significantly diminished. In this study, the local strength and toughness properties in welded joints of non-alloyed steel studs (Ø20 mm) on plates of different generic structural steel grades are investigated by hardness test and Charpy impact testing. A non-alloyed normalized structural steel (nominal yield strength 355 MPa) and a thermomechanically rolled fine grain structural steel of same strength as well as a quenched and tempered structural steel with high nominal yield strength of 690 MPa were examined. In the weld metal region, relatively similar hardness and low impact energy were determined despite of the different base plate steel grades. The base plate heat-affected zones suffer a strong embrittlement due to the DASW thermocycle.
Attività fisica e diabete mellito gestazionale: necessario muoversi verso una prevenzione di precisione
Authors: Mirabelli Maria , Chiefari Eusebio , Foti Daniela , Brunetti Antonio 
Published: January 2023

SommarioIl diabete mellito gestazionale (DMG), è il disordine endocrino-metabolico a maggiore prevalenza nelle donne in gravidanza e si associa a un alto rischio di complicanze materno-fetali. L’eziologia di tale condizione è complessa e multifattoriale, con fattori di rischio e meccanismi patogenetici in gran parte comuni a quelli del diabete mellito di tipo 2 (DMT2), il quale spesso compare nelle donne che hanno una storia di DMG anche a soli pochi anni di distanza dal parto. Tuttavia, mentre per la prevenzione del DMT2 gli interventi multimodali di modifica dello stile di vita, comprendenti programmi di attività fisica o esercizio fisico, uniti a cambiamenti nutrizionali e comportamentali, sono associati a benefici certi, lo stesso non vale per il DMG, per cui esistono evidenze scientifiche di natura osservazionale e sperimentale a volte contrastanti. Dall’analisi della letteratura più recente, riassunta in questa rassegna, emerge la necessità di spostare l’attenzione della ricerca sugli effetti di una prevenzione di precisione, che adatti il timing di inizio, la tipologia e l’intensità del programma di esercizio fisico per la prevenzione del DMG alle caratteristiche fisiologiche delle singole gestanti. Si ravvisa, inoltre, il bisogno di estendere la “finestra d’intervento” al periodo preconcezionale per massimizzare le possibilità di successo, soprattutto nelle donne ad alto rischio.
Effect of a short video on patients’ motivation for dose reduction or cessation of hypnotics
Authors: Amagai Misato , Ozone Motohiro , Utsumi Tomohiro , Hotchi Ayana , Iwashita Masayuki , Yamadera Wataru , Shigeta Masahiro 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRecently, addiction to regular doses of hypnotics has become a problem. While many patients report a desire to reduce their dosage, many do not agree with their physicians’ suggestions for reduction. In this study, we created an online short video targeting patient motivation to reduce hypnotics usage and examined its efficacy and factors associated with the intention to reduce medication. We created a 10 min video that included “sleep education,” “guidance for reducing the use of hypnotics,” and “systematic motivation for reducing the use of hypnotics” and posted it on our website. For 1 year, we conducted a questionnaire survey to determine the effectiveness of the video and factors associated with the intention to reduce hypnotics use. Of 4548 viewers, 609 (13.4%) completed the questionnaire, 369 (67.9%) of whom used hypnotics. Most respondents were older adults. The intention to reduce medication use was significantly strengthened after watching the video in 37.7% of medication users (effect size 0.404). In the group that was not inclined toward medication reduction before viewing, 85.2% of patients had stronger intentions to reduce medication use after watching the video (effect size 0.818). “Memorable content about side effects” was extracted as a factor related to reinforcement of the intention to reduce medication use, suggesting that prescribing physicians’ descriptions of current insomnia treatment is inadequate in explaining side effects to patients. A short informational video can have beneficial effects on patients’ motivation for dose reduction or cessation of hypnotics.
Impact of COVID-19 on Management, Quality and Satisfaction of Health Organizations: A Case Study in a Portuguese Hospital
Authors: Gaspar Tânia , Salado Vanesa , do Céu Machado Maria , Guedes Fábio Botelho , Faia-Correia Manuela , Coelho Anabela 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe hospital health care professionals are the front-line fighting COVID-19 considering they are responsible for all the care provided to patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of COVID-19 at the hospital management level and, also, to understand how psychosocial environment, and satisfaction of Health Professionals were affected. A case study was performed in a Portuguese Hospital. Data were collected at one hospital under study at two different occasions: the first before the pandemic (November 2019) and the second almost two years after the pandemic started (November 2021). Regarding data collection, 37.0% of participants responded in the occasion 1 (n = 296) and 63.0% responded in the occasion 2 (n = 503). The instrument for the Assessment of Global Management of Health Organizations (AGMHO) consists of 39 items organized into six dimensions (Gaspar et al. in J Occup Environ Med 63: 581–587, 2021). Comparing timings pre and during pandemic COVID-19, it was found that the participants in the pre-COVID-19 era showed stronger organizational culture, higher quality of life, better psychosocial environment regarding content/leadership and higher job satisfaction when compared to the participants during pandemic COVID-19. On the other hand, participants in the second occasion were found to have higher psychosocial risks related to mental health when compared to participants in the pre-COVID-19 phase. We conclude that the professionals’ perception of the different dimensions of the health organization worsened after 2 years of the pandemic. With special focus on psychosocial risks at work and relationship with leadership.
The Archimedes Code: a dialogue between science, practice, design theory and systems engineering
Authors: Reich Yoram 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Archimedes, the founder of statics and hydrostatics, in his mathematics and physics studies, created methods related to his inventions of new machines, for example, the method of mechanical theorems based on his lever invention. He also used the principles of decomposition and replication underlying his heat ray invention, and these two principles permeate his work. Analysis of Archimedes’ work shows how he was perhaps the first to use methodically a strategy for solving diverse complex problems. In this article, we use the term Archimedes Code to encompass the way Archimedes approached problems including those two principles. Archimedes was perhaps the first design theorist and the first to think systematically about how to address design challenges. Furthermore, his work demonstrates the fundamental role of engineering practice in advancing science. The new insights regarding the Archimedes Code and its value in design practice may inspire both design researchers and practitioners.
Malaria infection and the risk of epilepsy: a meta-analysis
Authors: Alizadeh Khatir Ali , Sepidarkish Mahdi , Daryabari Yasaman , Taghipour Ali , Mollalo Abolfazl , Aghapour Saeed , Rostami Ali 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEpilepsy, a chronic disease of the central nervous system, is highly prevalent in malaria-endemic regions. Therefore, several studies have evaluated the associations between malaria infection and epilepsy development. A meta-analysis of observational studies published from inception to 10 May 2022 has been conducted to synthesize and pool the existing data on this topic. The relevant publications were systematically searched in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Embase and Web of Science database collections. A random-effects meta-analysis model (REM) was utilized to generate the pooled odds ratio (OR) at 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The between-studies heterogeneity was assessed withI2, as well as several subgroups, meta-regression and sensitivity analysis were performed to identify the source of heterogeneity. Overall, 17 eligible studies containing 6285 cases and 13 909 healthy controls were included. The REM showed a significant positive association between malaria infection and epilepsy development (OR 2.36; 95% CI 1.44–3.88). In subgroup analyses, significant positive associations were observed in studies that: epilepsy was the outcome in the follow-up of patients with cerebral malaria (OR 7.10; 95% CI 3.50–14.38); used blood smear to diagnose malaria (OR 4.80; 95% CI 2.36–9.77); included only children (OR 3.92; 95% CI 1.81–8.50); published before 2010 (OR 6.39; 95% CI 4.25–9.62). Our findings indicated that patients with malaria, especially those with cerebral malaria, are at a high risk of epilepsy development; however, further well-designed and controlled studies are needed to verify the strength of the association.
Sense of Purpose and Experiences of Discrimination During Older Adulthood
Authors: Wilson Megan E. , Hill Patrick L. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract: Experiencing discrimination may hinder purposeful pursuits, but it remains unclear whether experiences continue to hinder sense of purpose into older adulthood. Using the Health and Retirement Study dataset from the United States ( MAge = 65.06; 17% Black, 83% White), the current study examined how everyday and major discrimination relates to sense of purpose and explored whether race and the perceived reason for discrimination moderates these relationships. Results indicate that, while both everyday and major discrimination are negatively associated with sense of purpose, only everyday discrimination remains significant when included in the same model. Additionally, race moderates these associations, whereby Black adults show less negative relationships than White adults. However, there is little evidence that perceiving discrimination as stemming from racism moderates purpose-discrimination associations.
Data Mining Inspired Localized Resistivity in Global MHD Simulations of the Magnetosphere
Authors: Arnold H. , Sorathia K. , Stephens G. , Sitnov M. , Merkin V. G. , Birn J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRecent advances in reconstructing Earth's magnetic field and associated currents by utilizing data mining of in situ magnetometer observations in the magnetosphere based on geomagnetic indices and solar wind parameters have proven remarkably accurate at reproducing observed ion diffusion regions. We investigate the effect of placing regions of localized resistivity in global simulations of the magnetosphere at specific locations inspired by the data mining results for the substorm occurring on 6 July 2017. When explicit resistivity is included, the simulation forms an x‐line at the same time and location as the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission observation of an ion diffusion region at 15:35 UT on that day. Without this explicit resistivity, reconnection forms later in the substorm and far too close to Earth (≳−15RE), a common problem with global simulations of Earth's magnetosphere. A consequence of reconnection taking place farther down the tail due to localized resistivity is that the reconnection outflows transport magnetic flux Earthward and thus prevent the current sheet from thinning enough for reconnection to take place nearer Earth. As these flows rebound tailward from the inner magnetosphere, they can temporarily and locally (in the dawn‐dusk direction) stretch the magnetic field allowing for small scale x‐lines to form in the near Earth region. Due to the narrow cross‐tail extent of these x‐lines (≲5RE) and their short lifespan (≲5 min), they would be difficult to observe with in situ measurements. Future work will explore time‐dependent resistivity using 5 min cadence data mining reconstructions.
Instrumentation for Ionized Space Environments: New High Time Resolution Instrumental Modes of Mutual Impedance Experiments
Authors: Bucciantini L. , Henri P. , Dazzi P. , Wattieaux G. , Lavorenti F. , Vallières X. , Brochot J. Y. , Colin F. , Katrougkalou M. C. , Vengeons G. , Lecas T. , Le Duff O. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMutual impedance experiments are in situ plasma diagnostic techniques for the identification of the plasma density and the electron temperature. Different versions of mutual impedance instruments were included in past and present space missions (e.g., Rosetta, BepiColombo, JUICE and Comet Interceptor). New versions are currently being devised to fit the strong mass, volume and power constraints on nanosatellite platforms for future multi‐point space missions. In this study, our goal is to define and validate two new instrumental modes (i.e., chirp and multi‐spectral modes) to improve the time resolution of the experiment with respect to typical mutual impedance instrumental modes (i.e., frequency sweep). Higher time resolution measurements are expected to simplify the integration of mutual impedance experiments onboard nanosatellite platforms by facilitating antenna sharing between different experiments. The investigation is performed both (a) numerically, using a 1D‐1V electrostatic full kinetic Vlasov‐Poisson model and, (b) experimentally, with laboratory tests using a vacuum chamber and a plasma source. From a plasma diagnostic point of view, we find that both the chirp and multi‐spectral modes provide measurements identical to the (reference) frequency sweep mode. From an instrumental point of view, multi‐spectral measurements are faster than frequency sweep measurements but they require larger amounts of onboard computing resources (i.e., larger power consumption). Chirp measurements, instead, outperform frequency sweep measurements both in terms of measurement duration (20 times faster) and onboard processor usage (20% less).
Solar Wind Protons Forming Partial Ring Distributions at Comet 67P
Authors: Moeslinger A. , Wieser G. Stenberg , Nilsson H. , Gunell H. , Williamson H. N. , LLera K. , Odelstad E. , Richter I. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe present partial ring distributions of solar wind protons observed by the Rosetta spacecraft at comet 67P/Churyumov‐Gerasimenko. The formation of ring distributions is usually associated with high activity comets, where the spatial scales are larger than multiple ion gyroradii. Our observations are made at a low‐activity comet at a heliocentric distance of 2.8 AU on 19 April 2016, and the partial rings occur at a spatial scale comparable to the ion gyroradius. We use a new visualization method to simultaneously show the angular distribution of median energy and differential flux. A fitting procedure extracts the bulk speed of the solar wind protons, separated into components parallel and perpendicular to the gyration plane, as well as the gyration velocity. The results are compared with models and put into context of the global comet environment. We find that the formation mechanism of these partial rings of solar wind protons is entirely different from the well‐known partial rings of cometary pickup ions at high‐activity comets. A density enhancement layer of solar wind protons around the comet is a focal point for proton trajectories originating from different regions of the upstream solar wind. If the spacecraft location coincides with this density enhancement layer, the different trajectories are observed as an energy‐angle dispersion and manifest as partial rings in velocity space.