bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimizing the Composite Cathode Microstructure in All‐Solid‐State Batteries by Structure‐Resolved Simulations
Authors: Clausnitzer Moritz , Mücke Robert , Al‐Jaljouli Fadi , Hein Simon , Finsterbusch Martin , Danner Timo , Fattakhova‐Rohlfing Dina , Guillon Olivier , Latz Arnulf 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAll‐solid‐state batteries are considered as an enabler for applications requiring high energy and power density. However, they still fall short of their theoretical potential due to various limitations. One issue is poor charge transport kinetics resulting from both material inherit limitations and non‐optimized design. Therefore, a better understanding of the relevant properties of the cathode microstructure is necessary to improve cell performance. In this article, we identify optimization potentials of the composite cathode by structure‐resolved electrochemical 3D‐simulations. In our simulation study, we investigate the influence of cathode active material fraction, density, particle size, and active material properties on cell performance. Special focus is set on the impact of grain boundaries on the cathode design. Based on our simulation results, we can predict target values for cell manufacturing and reveal promising optimization strategies for an improved cathode design.
Purification effects show seed and root mucilage's ability to respond to changing rhizosphere conditions
Authors: Diehl Doerte , Knott Mathilde , Schaumann Gabriele E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMucilage, a polysaccharide‐containing hydrogel, is hypothesized to play a key role in the rhizosphere as a self‐organized system because it may vary its supramolecular structure with changes in the surrounding solution. However, there is currently limited research on how these changes are reflected in the physical properties of real mucilage. This study examines the role of solutes in maize root, wheat root, chia seed, and flax seed mucilage in relation to their physical properties. Two purification methods, dialysis and ethanol precipitation, were applied to determine the purification yield, cation content, pH, electrical conductivity, surface tension, viscosity, transverse 1H relaxation time, and contact angle after drying of mucilage before and after purification. The two seed mucilage types contain more polar polymers that are connected to larger assemblies via multivalent cation crosslinks, resulting in a denser network. This is reflected in higher viscosity and water retention ability compared to root mucilage. Seed mucilage also contains fewer surfactants, making them better wettable after drying compared to the two root mucilage types. The root mucilage types, on the other hand, contain smaller polymers or polymer assemblies and become less wettable after drying. However, wettability not only depends on the amount of surfactants but also on their mobility, as well as the strength and mesh size of the network structure. The changes in physical properties and cation composition observed after ethanol precipitation and dialysis suggest that the polymer network of seed mucilage is more stable and specialized in protecting the seeds from unfavorable environmental conditions. In contrast, root mucilage is characterized by fewer cationic interactions and its network relies more on hydrophobic interactions. This allows root mucilage to be more flexible in responding to changing environmental conditions, facilitating nutrient and water exchange between root surfaces and the rhizosphere soil.
Peptide ligands for the affinity purification of adeno‐associated viruses from HEK 293 cell lysates
Authors: Chu Wenning , Shastry Shriarjun , Barbieri Eduardo , Prodromou Raphael , Greback‐Clarke Paul , Smith Will , Moore Brandyn , Kilgore Ryan , Cummings Christopher , Pancorbo Jennifer , Gilleskie Gary , Daniele Michael A. , Menegatti Stefano 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAdeno‐associated viruses (AAVs) are the vector of choice for delivering gene therapies that can cure inherited and acquired diseases. Clinical research on various AAV serotypes significantly increased in recent years alongside regulatory approvals of AAV‐based therapies. The current AAV purification platform hinges on the capture step, for which several affinity resins are commercially available. These adsorbents rely on protein ligands—typically camelid antibodies—that provide high binding capacity and selectivity, but suffer from low biochemical stability and high cost, and impose harsh elution conditions (pH < 3) that can harm the transduction activity of recovered AAVs. Addressing these challenges, this study introduces peptide ligands that selectively capture AAVs and release them under mild conditions (pH = 6.0). The peptide sequences were identified by screening a focused library and modeled in silico against AAV serotypes 2 and 9 (AAV2 and AAV9) to select candidate ligands that target homologous sites at the interface of the VP1‐VP2 and VP2‐VP3 virion proteins with mild binding strength (KD ~ 10−5–10−6 M). Selected peptides were conjugated to Toyopearl resin and evaluated via binding studies against AAV2 and AAV9, demonstrating the ability to target both serotypes with values of dynamic binding capacity (DBC10% > 1013 vp/mL of resin) and product yields (~50%–80%) on par with commercial adsorbents. The peptide‐based adsorbents were finally utilized to purify AAV2 from a HEK 293 cell lysate, affording high recovery (50%–80%), 80‐ to 400‐fold reduction of host cell proteins (HCPs), and high transduction activity (up to 80%) of the purified viruses.
The clinical, economic, and patient‐centric burden of insomnia symptom severity in adults with major depressive disorder in the United States
Authors: Joshi Kruti , Cambron‐Mellott M. Janelle , Costantino Halley , Pfau Alanna , Jha Manish K. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionInsomnia is prevalent in adults with major depressive disorder (MDD) and is a key diagnostic criterion of MDD; however, little is understood about the burden of insomnia symptom severity in MDD. We evaluated the relationship between insomnia symptom severity and the clinical, economic, and patient‐centric burden among community‐dwelling individuals with MDD.MethodsRespondents with diagnosed depression who reported insomnia symptoms in the past 12 months (N = 4402) were identified from the 2019 United States National Health and Wellness Survey. Multivariable analyses assessed the association of Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) with health‐related outcomes while controlling for sociodemographic and health characteristics. Further analyses also controlled for depression severity (9‐item Patient Health Questionnaire).ResultsMean ISI score was 14.3 ± 5.6. Higher ISI was associated with greater depression severity (r = .51, p < .001). After adjustments, a one‐standard deviation (5.6‐point) increase in ISI score was significantly associated with higher depression (rate ratio [RR] = 1.36), anxiety (RR = 1.33) and daytime sleepiness (RR = 1.16) levels, more healthcare provider (RR = 1.13) and emergency room visits (RR = 1.31), hospitalizations (RR = 1.21), work productivity and activity impairment (RRs = 1.27 and 1.23, respectively), and poorer mental and physical health‐related quality of life (β = −3.853 and −1.999, respectively) (p < .001). These findings remained statistically significant when controlling for concurrent depression severity.ConclusionIn adults with MDD, greater insomnia symptom severity is associated with worse health‐related outcomes, which suggests the importance of addressing insomnia symptoms as a clinical target for treating MDD.
Identification of angiogenesis‐related genes signature for predicting survival and its regulatory network in glioblastoma
Authors: Wan Zhiping , Zuo Xiaokun , Wang Siqiao , Zhou Lei , Wen Xiaojing , Yao Ying , Song Jiefang , Gu Juan , Wang Zhimin , Liu Ran , Luo Chun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is notorious for malignant neovascularization that contributes to undesirable outcome. However, its mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to identify prognostic angiogenesis‐related genes and the potential regulatory mechanisms in GBM. RNA‐sequencing data of 173 GBM patients were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database for screening differentially expressed genes (DEGs), differentially transcription factors (DETFs), and reverse phase protein array (RPPA) chips. Differentially expressed genes from angiogenesis‐related gene set were extracted for univariate Cox regression analysis to identify prognostic differentially expressed angiogenesis‐related genes (PDEARGs). A risk predicting model was constructed based on 9 PDEARGs, namely MARK1, ITGA5, NMD3, HEY1, COL6A1, DKK3, SERPINA5, NRP1, PLK2, ANXA1, SLIT2, and PDPN. Glioblastoma patients were stratified into high‐risk and low‐risk groups according to their risk scores. GSEA and GSVA were applied to explore the possible underlying GBM angiogenesis‐related pathways. CIBERSORT was employed to identify immune infiltrates in GBM. The Pearson's correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the correlations among DETFs, PDEARGs, immune cells/functions, RPPA chips, and pathways. A regulatory network centered by three PDEARGs (ANXA1, COL6A1, and PDPN) was constructed to show the potential regulatory mechanisms. External cohort of 95 GBM patients by immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay demonstrated that ANXA1, COL6A1, and PDPN were significantly upregulated in tumor tissues of high‐risk GBM patients. Single‐cell RNA sequencing also validated malignant cells expressed high levels of the ANXA1, COL6A1, PDPN, and key DETF (WWTR1). Our PDEARG‐based risk prediction model and regulatory network identified prognostic biomarkers and provided valuable insight into future studies on angiogenesis in GBM.
c‐JUN‐induced upregulation of LINC00174 contributes to colorectal cancer proliferation and invasion through accelerating USP21 expression
Authors: Liang Weijie , Liu Dongdong , Wu Jie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common human malignancies due to its invasiveness and metastasis. Recent studies revealed the pivotal roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumorigenesis and progressions of various tumors. However, the biological roles and molecular mechanisms of long intergenic noncoding RNA 00174 (LINC00174) in human CRC remain unclear. Here, we report that LINC00174 expression was higher in human CRC tissues and cell lines than in adjacent normal tissues and a colon epithelial cell line (FHC). High expression of LINC00174 was positively correlated with poor overall and disease‐free survival in patients with CRC. Loss‐ and gain‐of‐function of LINC00174 demonstrated its critical roles in promoting cell proliferation, apoptosis resistance, migration, and invasion of CRC cells in vitro. Moreover, overexpression of LINC00174 enhanced tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistic experiments revealed that LINC00174 could bind to microRNA (miR)−2467‐3p and augment the expression and function of ubiquitin‐specific peptidase 21 (USP21). Rescue assays found that miR‐2467‐3p inhibition can offset the actions of LINC00174 or USP21 knockdown in CRC cells. Additionally, transcriptional factor c‐JUN transcriptionally activated LINC00174 expression and mediated LINC00174‐induced malignant phenotypes of CRC cell lines. Totally, our findings shed light on a new therapeutic strategy in modulating LINC00174/miR‐2467‐3p, which may interfere with the expression of USP21, and revealed that LINC00174 could be a new therapeutic target or prognostic marker in CRC.
Recent Progress of Catalysts for Reforming of Biomass Tar/Tar Models at Low Temperatures – A Short Review
Authors: Tang Wen , Cao Jing‐Pei , He Zi‐Meng , Jiang Wei , Wang Zhi‐Hao , Zhao Xiao‐Yan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCatalytic tar reforming is considered as a promising technology to convert tar into useful syngas such as H2 and CO as well as chemicals such as benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX). Up until now, few review works have reported the recent progress focusing on the catalyst design for low‐temperature reforming of biomass tar. Therefore, in this work, we focused on the design and preparation of tar cracking and reforming catalysts with high performances to achieve an efficient conversion of tar at temperatures lower than 700 °C. Char supported Ni or Co catalysts with high specific surface area, small metallic particle size and high dispersion are conductive to produce more amount of syngas. Moreover, HZSM‐5 and metal‐promoted zeolites are more suitable for high conversion of tar and selectivity of BTX due to the excellent mesopore structure, thermal stability and medium acidity. Based on those literatures, the adjustment of the catalyst‘s structure, the deactivation mechanism, and the reforming mechanism were also summarized and discussed. In addition, some futural insights were proposed in order to promote the catalyst‘s performance in terms of activity and stability, as well as reveal the clear tar reforming mechanism.
Synthesis of Black Phosphorene Quantum Dots from Red Phosphorus**
Authors: Shutt Rebecca R. C. , Ramireddy Thrinathreddy , Stylianidis Evgenios , Di Mino Camilla , Ingle Rebecca A. , Ing Gabriel , Wibowo Ary A. , Nguyen Hieu T. , Howard Christopher A. , Glushenkov Alexey M. , Stewart Andrew , Clancy Adam J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBlack phosphorene quantum dots (BPQDs) are most commonly derived from high‐cost black phosphorus, while previous syntheses from the low‐cost red phosphorus (Pred) allotrope are highly oxidised. Herein, we present an intrinsically scalable method to produce high quality BPQDs, by first ball‐milling Pred to create nanocrystalline Pblack and subsequent reductive etching using lithium electride solvated in liquid ammonia. The resultant ~25 nm BPQDs are crystalline with low oxygen content, and spontaneously soluble as individualized monolayers in tertiary amide solvents, as directly imaged by liquid‐phase transmission electron microscopy. This new method presents a scalable route to producing quantities of high quality BPQDs for academic and industrial applications.
Gold(I)‐Mediated Isomerization of Spring‐loaded 1,7‐Enynes seen through the Lens of Density Functional Theory
Authors: Robidas Raphaël , Legault Claude Y. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe propose a mechanism for the previously reported formation of benzobicyclo[3.2.0]heptane derivatives from 1,7‐enyne derivatives bearing a terminal cyclopropane. ‐> A mechanism for the previously reported formation of benzobicyclo[3.2.0]heptane derivatives from 1,7‐enyne derivatives bearing a terminal cyclopropane is proposed.
Color as metaphor in architectural design
Authors: Minah Galen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn the early stage of a building design, forming a design concept is the first step. The architect must assimilate and organize information involving spatial needs, engineering, building codes, and budget considerations. They must also consider its visual appearance, how the building fits into its physical context, and, most importantly, how to conceive of the building holistically as both functional and aesthetic. A process for accomplishing this will use a methodology associated with intuition and imagination. A metaphor is used that gives form to the building through an analogy that imitates its activities and function and serves as a device for conceiving of the building as a whole. Making a design diagram that defines the concept using the metaphor and showing the relationship of the critical parts of the building is the biggest challenge in this stage. A new approach is to assign color to these parts in the design diagram. With the metaphor as guide, the hierarchical status of the parts will be shown by the perceptual weight of the colors in juxtaposition to one another by contrasts in hue, value, and chroma. The results show that the addition of color increases the clarity and comprehension of the design concept in the eyes of the designer, in visual presentations to faculty in academic settings, and to clients in the profession. The color decisions latter in the process may differ from those used in the diagram, but these decisions will adhere to the established hierarchies of the building parts as foreground or background colors. This methodology is intended to be a tool for students in architecture as well as professional architects.
Sustainability in the pharmaceutical industry—An assessment of sustainability maturity and effects of sustainability measure implementation on supply chain security
Authors: Bade Celina , Olsacher Alexandra , Boehme Philip , Truebel Hubert , Bürger Lena , Fehring Leonard 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe pharmaceutical industry faces increased sustainability demands. The Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) framework is most widely accepted to discuss corporate sustainability, but little is known about the effects of ESG measure implementation on supply chain security. Understanding these effects is especially important in the face of drug shortages. Leveraging a quantitative and a qualitative method based on a grounded theory approach, we aim to investigate the state of ESG maturity of pharmaceutical corporations in Germany and develop a perspective on the effects of ESG measure implementation on supply chain security. We find publicly traded and larger companies having higher ESG target‐setting maturity than privately‐owned or smaller companies and that company priorities, costs, and regulatory processes limt ESG progress overall. Our findings suggest that ESG measure implementation can induce short‐term supply disruption risks. A risk assessment considers current ESG maturity, implementation effects outside of own operations, short‐term supply buffers, implementation timeline, and scope, and change management capabilities.
Influence of rippled density and laser profile on third harmonic generation using cosh‐Gaussian laser pulses in inhomogeneous magnetized plasmas
Authors: Basiry Mohammad Javad , Sharifian Mehdi , Hashemzadeh Mojtaba , Borhani Mahmood , Alirezaie Hajar 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe third harmonic generation of cosh‐Gaussian laser pulses in inhomogeneous magnetized plasmas is investigated. The plasma is considered inhomogeneous with a sinusoidal form, and the external magnetic field has an oscillating wiggler structure. Various ponderomotive forces are obtained considering the external magnetic field, the magnetic field of the laser beam, and different orders of electron velocity. These forces are nonlinear, which leads to a nonlinear current density. Using linear and nonlinear current densities and Maxwell's equations, the wave equation of the third harmonic wave is obtained. Results show that by increasing the deviation parameter from the center and the external magnetic field, the third harmonic electric field increases. It is also indicated that by increasing the laser beam width, the excited electric field decreases. Finally, it is found that by increasing the wavenumber and amplitude of the rippled electron density, the amplitude of the third harmonic electric field increases.
Thermocapillary flow‐induced core release from double‐emulsion droplets in microchannels
Authors: Qin Jingyi , Wang Zhibin , Chen Ying , Mo Songping , Liu Jian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe use of double emulsions (DEs), which represent colloidal structures composed of droplets nested within droplets, can provide for unparallel droplet manipulation in droplet‐based microfluidic technology due to their unique core–shell structures. The controlled release of cores in DEs is of particular interest. However, this process remains poorly explored. In this work, the thermocapillary flow induced by a temperature gradient is used as a driving force to control the core release and the impacts of different linear temperature gradients, core diameters, shell diameter, and core/shell diameter ratios on the thermocapillary flow and core release characteristics of DE droplets consisting of a water‐in‐n‐hexadecane‐in‐water system within a cylindrical microchannel are investigated. Most of the core and shell diameter conditions considered result in a double‐core release process, where the inner droplet volume is partially ejected before the remaining core is rewrapped by the outer droplet, and the remaining inner droplet volume is ejected later during a second core release event. However, relatively small core diameters of 50 and 75 μm produce conditions where the full inner droplet volume is ejected during a single‐core release process. In addition, we provide empirical relationships for accurately determining the time at which core release initially occurs under given DE parameters as well as for precisely determining whether the applied conditions will lead to single‐ or double‐core release processes. Therefore, the results of this study provide insights enabling the development of accurate inner droplet release technologies under thermocapillary migration.
Dynamic and broad expression of adamts9 in developing and adult zebrafish
Authors: He Yuanfa , Carver Jonathan J. , Erickson Timothy , Le Pabic Pierre , Zhu Yong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies showed that Adamts9 is involved in multiple functions including ovulation, spine formation, primordial germ cell migration, and development of primary ovarian follicles in animals. However, systemic examination and high‐resolution analyses of adamts9 expression are missing due to lack of a sensitive reporter assay.ResultsIn the present study, we created a new transgenic zebrafish reporter line Tg(adamts9:EGFP) and assayed its expression in various tissues and cells during development and in adults at high‐resolution using confocal imaging. Reporter expression was validated with real‐time quantitative PCR, whole mount in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry for endogenous adamts9. Strong expression of the adamts9:EGFP transgene was found in a wide range of adult and embryonic zebrafish tissues/cells including ovaries, testes, brains, eyes, pectoral fins, intestine, skin, gill, muscle, and heart; while lower expression was observed in the liver and growing ovarian follicles (stages II and III).ConclusionsOur results of a broad and dynamic expression pattern for this evolutionary conserved metalloprotease suggest involvement of adamts9 in the development and physiological functions of various tissues in animals.