bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Localization of the tubby domain, a PI(4,5)P2 biosensor, to E-Syt3-rich endoplasmic reticulum–plasma membrane junctions
Authors: Thallmair Veronika , Schultz Lea , Evers Saskia , Jolie Theresa , Goecke Christian , Leitner Michael G. , Thallmair Sebastian , Oliver Dominik 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
The phospholipid phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] acts as a signaling lipid at the plasma membrane (PM) with pleiotropic regulatory actions on multiple cellular processes. Signaling specificity might result from spatiotemporal compartmentalization of the lipid and from combinatorial binding of PI(4,5)P2 effector proteins to additional membrane components. Here, we analyzed the spatial distribution of tubbyCT, a paradigmatic PI(4,5)P2-binding domain, in live mammalian cells by total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy and molecular dynamics simulations. We found that unlike other well-characterized PI(4,5)P2 recognition domains, tubbyCT segregates into distinct domains within the PM. TubbyCT enrichment occurred at contact sites between PM and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (i.e. at ER–PM junctions) as shown by colocalization with ER–PM markers. Localization to these sites was mediated in a combinatorial manner by binding to PI(4,5)P2 and by interaction with a cytosolic domain of extended synaptotagmin 3 (E-Syt3), but not other E-Syt isoforms. Selective localization to these structures suggests that tubbyCT is a novel selective reporter for a ER–PM junctional pool of PI(4,5)P2. Finally, we found that association with ER–PM junctions is a conserved feature of tubby-like proteins (TULPs), suggesting an as-yet-unknown function of TULPs.
How host ER membrane chaperones and morphogenic proteins support virus infection
Authors: Woo Tai-Ting , Williams Jeffrey M. , Tsai Billy 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
The multi-functional endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is exploited by viruses to cause infection. Morphologically, this organelle is a highly interconnected membranous network consisting of sheets and tubules whose levels are dynamic, changing in response to cellular conditions. Functionally, the ER is responsible for protein synthesis, folding, secretion and degradation, as well as Ca2+ homeostasis and lipid biosynthesis, with each event catalyzed by defined ER factors. Strikingly, these ER host factors are hijacked by viruses to support different infection steps, including entry, translation, replication, assembly and egress. Although the full repertoire of these ER factors that are hijacked is unknown, recent studies have uncovered several ER membrane machineries that are exploited by viruses – ranging from polyomavirus to flavivirus and coronavirus – to facilitate different steps of their life cycle. These discoveries should provide better understanding of virus infection mechanisms, potentially leading to the development of more effective anti-viral therapies.
Fluorine-Free Substrate-Independent Superhydrophobic Coatings by Nanoarchitectonics of Polydispersed 2D Materials
Authors: Hikichi Ryota , Tokura Yuki , Igarashi Yasuhiko , Imai Hiroaki , Oaki Yuya 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Fluorine-free superhydrophobic surfaces have been required to meet environmental regulations in recent years. A new nanoarchitectonics is required to achieve superhydrophobicity without using perfluoroalkyl compounds. In the present work, surface-modified exfoliated nanosheets with polydispersed sizes were utilized to prepare coatings with high surface roughness and low surface energy. Fluorine-free superhydrophobic surfaces were obtained by spray coating of surface-modified exfoliated nanosheets based on transition-metal oxides. The water contact angle (θw) 166.0 ± 0.5° is the highest compared with that of the fluorine-free substrate-independent coatings in previous reports. The significant factors related to θw were studied using machine learning combined with our chemical insight in the small data obtained in the present work. The resultant superhydrophobic coatings exhibited unique properties, such as sliding of water droplets, superoleophilic behavior, recyclability, and durability. The present design strategy can be applied to development of various functional coatings using exfoliated 2D materials with polydispersity.
An approach to determining the most common causes of stillbirth in low and middle-income countries: A commentary
Authors: Goldenberg Robert L. , Ordi Jaume , Blau Dianna M. , Rakislova Natalia , Kulkarni Vardendra , Ghanchi Najia Karim , Saleem Sarah , Goudar Shivaprasad S. , Goco Norman , Paganelli Christina , McClure Elizabeth M. ,   PURPOSe, CHAMPS, ISGlobal, and the MITS Surveillance Alliance investigators
Published: July 2023

Stillbirth, one of the most common adverse pregnancy outcomes, is especially prevalent in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Understanding the causes of stillbirth is crucial to developing effective interventions. In this commentary, investigators working across several LMICs discuss the most useful investigations to determine causes of stillbirths in LMICs. Useful data were defined as 1) feasible to obtain accurately and 2) informative to determine or help eliminate a cause of death. Recently, new tools for LMIC settings to determine cause of death in stillbirths, including minimally invasive tissue sampling (MITS) – a method using needle biopsies to obtain internal organ tissue from deceased fetuses for histology and pathogen identification in those tissues have become available. While placental histology has been available for some time, the development of the Amsterdam Criteria in 2016 has provided a useful framework to categorize placental lesions. The authors recommend focusing on the clinical history, the placental evaluation, the external examination of the fetus, and, when available, fetal tissue obtained by MITS, especially of the lung (focused on histology and microbiology) and brain/cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) and fetal blood (focused on microbiological analysis). The authors recognize that this approach may not identify some causes of stillbirth, including some genetic abnormalities and internal organ anomalies, but believe it will identify the most common causes of stillbirth, and most of the preventable causes.
RELOCATION OF SPECIALISTS FROM RUSSIA: SCALE AND ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES
Authors: Kazanceva N. , Ostapenko V. 
Published: July 2023

The article reflects the main problems of organizing labor relations that arise in connection with the excessive external relocation of specialists from Russia. The directions of transformation of the economy are determined, reflecting the problems of the labor market in connection with relocation. Approaches to assessing the scale and consequences of labor relocation for the national economy as a whole and certain of its industries are identified. The tendencies of migration processes affecting the labor market of the Russian Federation, reforming education, staffing production and achieving technological sovereignty in the new geopolitical realities are outlined.
FEATURES OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE SOCIAL STRUCTURE OF PERSONNEL AND JOB SATISFACTION AT LARGE BUSINESS ENTERPRISES
Authors: Ponomareva O. , Shkurin D. 
Published: July 2023

In the article, the authors emphasize the importance of a differentiated approach to managing job satisfaction in dynamic socio-economic conditions, taking into account the social structure of the staff. The importance of timely management decisions to change motivational policies in order to retain core personnel to achieve business goals and maintain stable employee efficiency is shown. It is emphasized that the social structure of the staff is constantly undergoing changes and periodic measurement of its characteristics is required in order to establish the appropriateness of management efforts to maintain the social and financial well-being of the staff and the commitment of the company during their working life at large business enterprises. It is established that the monitoring of staff self-assessment of factors of job satisfaction is an effective tool that emphasizes the interest of management in the opinion of employees. The survey methodology and the results of in-depth data analysis can provide up-to-date information for making point management decisions. As an example, the results of a study of the overall level of satisfaction with labor factors of the personnel of two large-scale enterprises and their differentiation depending on gender, age, seniority and education are given, indicating the expediency of introducing differences in labor satisfaction management.
It is shown that the effectiveness of job satisfaction management depends, first of all, on the timely assessment and identification of motivational factors of distress and growth factors in the context of the social structure of the staff and on their basis the formation of a targeted approach to motivation. The main problem in this regard is the underestimation by the company’s management of the influence of age, gender, seniority and education on the level of job satisfaction; an average assessment of all factors of job satisfaction and ignoring real problem areas and the subjective significance for employees of individual factors of job satisfaction, including in the context of the social structure of the staff; orientation to invited multifunctional employees, and not the disclosure of the potential of working qualified workers.
Streptococcal infections (Strep A) in primary care settings
Authors: Perry Margaret 
Published: July 2023

In December 2022, there was a reported increase in the number of infections in the UK, resulting in deaths of young children, occurring as a result of invasive Strep A infections. Margaret Perry explains how these infections can be managed in a general practice setting. Group A streptococcal infections (GAS) are reported to be common and are often carried on the skin or in the throat and are harmless. However, in some cases they cause infection which may be mild, or in some cases the problem becomes invasive (iGAS) resulting in a more serious infection requiring hospital admission and treatment. This article will give an overview of the commonest infections arising as a result of GAS and will look at signs and symptoms, treatment, and complications, with the aim of increasing confidence among practice nurses and non-medical prescribers in the recognition and management of these conditions.
Dropping Voices: Southern Black Agrarian Revolt in Charles Chesnutt’s Fiction
Authors: O'Donoghue James 
Published: July 2023

This essay places Charles Chesnutt’s work at the intersection of race and class in order to address the still debated question of Chesnutt’s relation to the black working-class and reinterpret his now canonical fiction as deeply entwined with the political and economic life of the black agrarian masses of the US South. I argue that the conjure tales’ centrality to turn-of-the-century American literature is in its full-throated representation of the economic demands of the black agrarian masses. Furthermore, when Chesnutt ‘dropped’ Julius as his ‘mouthpiece’ his writing ultimately left behind the masses and began to speak in the accents of metropolitan self-making. I address a range of Chesnutt’s works to demonstrate the key developments in how Chesnutt imagined racial uplift and how the black agrarian masses were to be employed in razing American apartheid. This essay then gives evidence to show Chesnutt’s growing skepticism of large dispersed political movements of the masses like Black Populism in favor of the concentrated exemplars of outstanding individuals.
A comparison of clinical and radiological outcomes between two different biodegradable local antibiotic carriers used in the single-stage surgical management of long bone osteomyelitis
Authors: Ferguson Jamie , Bourget-Murray Jonathan , Stubbs David , McNally Martin , Hotchen Andrew J. 
Published: July 2023

AimsDead-space management, following dead bone resection, is an important element of successful chronic osteomyelitis treatment. This study compared two different biodegradable antibiotic carriers used for dead-space management, and reviewed clinical and radiological outcomes. All cases underwent single-stage surgery and had a minimum one-year follow-up.MethodsA total of 179 patients received preformed calcium sulphate pellets containing 4% tobramycin (Group OT), and 180 patients had an injectable calcium sulphate/nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite ceramic containing gentamicin (Group CG). Outcome measures were infection recurrence, wound leakage, and subsequent fracture involving the treated segment. Bone-void filling was assessed radiologically at a minimum of six months post-surgery.ResultsThe median follow-up was 4.6 years (interquartile range (IQR) 3.2 to 5.4; range 1.3 to 10.5) in Group OT compared to 4.9 years (IQR 2.1 to 6.0; range 1.0 to 8.3) in Group CG. The groups had similar defect sizes following excision (both mean 10.9 cm3 (1 to 30)). Infection recurrence was higher in Group OT (20/179 (11.2%) vs 8/180 (4.4%), p = 0.019) than Group CG, as was early wound leakage (33/179 (18.4%) vs 18/180 (10.0%), p = 0.024) and subsequent fracture (11/179 (6.1%) vs 1.7% (3/180), p = 0.032). Group OT cases had an odds ratio 2.9-times higher of developing any one of these complications, compared to Group CG (95% confidence interval 1.74 to 4.81, p < 0.001). The mean bone-void healing in Group CG was better than in Group OT, in those with ≥ six-month radiological follow-up (73.9% vs 40.0%, p < 0.001).ConclusionLocal antibiotic carrier choice affects outcome in chronic osteomyelitis surgery. A biphasic injectable carrier with a slower dissolution time was associated with better radiological and clinical outcomes compared to a preformed calcium sulphate pellet carrier.Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2023;12(7):412–422.
Altered collagen I and premature pulmonary embryonic differentiation in patients withOItypeII
Authors: Storoni S. , Celli L. , Breur M. , Micha D. , Verdonk S. J. E. , Maugeri A. , van den Aardweg J. G. , Riminucci M. , Eekhoff E. M. W. , Bugiani M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPulmonary hypoplasia and respiratory failure are primary causes of death in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) type II. OI is a genetic skeletal disorder caused by pathogenic variants in genes encoding collagen type I. It is still unknown if the collagen defect also affects lung development and structure, causing lung hypoplasia in OI type II. The aim of this study was to investigate the intrinsic characteristics of OI embryonic lung parenchyma and to determine whether altered collagen type I may compromise airway development and lung structure. Lung tissue from nine fetuses with OI type II and six control fetuses, matched by gestational age, was analyzed for TTF‐1 and collagen type I expression by immunohistochemistry, to evaluate the state of lung development and amount of collagen. The differentiation of epithelium into type 2 pneumocytes during embryonic development was premature in OI type II fetuses compared to controls (p < 0.05). Collagen type I showed no significant differences between the two groups. However, the amount of alpha2(I) chains was higher in fetuses with OI and the ratio of alpha1(I) to alpha2(I) lower in OI compared to controls. Cell differentiation during lung embryonic development in patients with OI type II is premature and impaired. This may be the underlying cause of pulmonary hypoplasia. Altered cell differentiation can be secondary to mechanical chest factors or a consequence of disrupted type I collagen synthesis. Our findings suggest that collagen type I is a biochemical regulator of pulmonary cell differentiation, influencing lung development.
Caracterización molecular de la nueva entidad clínica relacionada con la hiperplasia suprarrenal congénita, síndrome CAH-X en población española
Authors: Martínez Figueras Laura , Muñoz Pacheco Rafael , García González Dolores , Arriba Domènech María , Ezquieta Zubicaray Begoña 
Published: July 2023

Resumen

Objetivos
La recombinación entre CYP21A2-TNXB y sus respectivos pseudogenes (CYP21A1P-TNXA) da lugar a quimeras responsables del síndrome CAH-X (SCAH-X). Los pacientes con este síndrome presentan manifestaciones clínicas de hiperplasia suprarrenal congénita (HSC) y síndrome de Ehlers-Danlos (SED). La descripción del SCAH-X es reciente y es limitado el número de estudios disponibles. El objetivo de este trabajo es poner a punto un abordaje para la detección de todos los tipos de quimeras CAH-X, determinar su frecuencia y la distribución en población española así como valorar la expresividad clínica en un grupo de pacientes.

Métodos
se seleccionaron 186 pacientes candidatos al estudio molecular CAH-X. Dicho abordaje molecular incluyó la técnica MLPA, detección de heterodímeros por electroforesis en gel capilar y secuenciación de exones 40, 41 y 43 de TNXB. La revisión de historias clínicas y la evaluación de signos y síntomas SED se ha llevado a cabo en 20 pacientes de tres Hospitales de referencia.

Resultados
Setentaiocho pacientes HSC presentaron quimeras CAH-X (41,9 %). Se detectaron 46 quimeras CH1 (24,7 %), 24 CH2 (12,9 %) y 8 CH3 (4,3 %), con una distribución geográfica no homogénea. Siete de los 20 portadores de quimera CAH-X valorados clínicamente (35 %) presentaron manifestaciones clínicas asociadas a SED.

Conclusiones
La implementación del abordaje molecular descrito en este trabajo ha permitido determinar el impacto del SCAH-X en población española. La expresividad clínica detectada y la considerable prevalencia del SCAH-X hacen recomendable el diagnóstico temprano de esta entidad para realizar un adecuado seguimiento de las manifestaciones clínicas que lo caracterizan.
Western Studies on the Sovietization of Eastern Europe
Authors: Zhu Xiaozhong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper reviews the studies of Western scholars on the Sovietization of Eastern Europe. Internationally, Sovietization was a significant component of the Soviet Union’s strategy in Eastern Europe after 1945. The Sovietization of Eastern Europe involved regulating international relations, defining the boundaries of these countries, determining the ethnic makeup of these countries through expulsion and population transfer, participating in the drafting of these countries’ constitutions, and deciding the composition of their governments. It is believed that Sovietization aimed to change all aspects of human experience and fundamentally rebuild cultural life, making the Soviet official ideology the guiding ideology of individual life in Eastern European countries. In the view of Western scholars, Sovietization led to two consequences. Firstly, it enabled the Soviet Union to hijack Eastern European countries to form the Eastern Bloc, and through COMECON and the Warsaw Pact, the Soviet Union long controlled Eastern European countries, causing the majority of them to become one side of the Cold War, to deviate from their original socio-economic development trajectory, and to become “The Other” of Europe. Secondly, Sovietization was incompatible with the historical, political, and economic traditions of Eastern European countries in many ways, resulting in Eastern European countries seeking development paths that were in line with their national characteristics and interests in different ways since the mid-1950s, and ultimately leading to dramatic changes in Eastern European politics from 1989 to 1991, completely abandoning the Soviet model and returning to the Western political and economic development models that existed in these countries between the two World Wars.
Optimization of hydrogel composition for effective release of drug
Authors: Pannala R. K. Pavan Kumar , Juyal Ujjwal , Kodavaty Jagadeeshwar 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Hydrogels are possible materials that could be useful in medication delivery systems. Diverse release mechanisms are used when drug molecules embedded in the hydrogel structure need to be released. Both case I and case II of transport refer to the release of the medication during the intermolecular arrangement because of swelling. Numerous mathematical models have been proposed that only include one form of transport; nevertheless, both transport pathways are required for the entire release of a drug from a gel matrix. The case I transport during swelling and the case II transport during the fully swollen condition are both displayed by crosslinked hyaluronic acid hydrogel systems. The methodology put out in this paper enables for the selection of suitable gel compositions while attempting to account for both transit instances. In the Data Envelopment Analysis coupled with principal component analysis approaches are enable the optimization and selection of gel compositions that account for both transport situations.
Russian-Speaking Families and Public Preschools in Luxembourg: Cultural Encounters, Challenges, and Possibilities
Authors: Kanevskaya Daria 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In the twenty-first century, multicultural encounters have become an experience that is familiar even to the youngest. In superdiverse trilingual Luxembourg, over 50% of the population are foreigners, and many of them do not speak the titular language of the country. Multicultural classrooms are studied very closely, but Russian-speaking students, a new but exponentially growing addition to the cultural mix, have not been studied yet in their journey of school integration. There is a gap between the parents and the teachers regarding perception of the content of the studies and family aspirations. Instruction in the Luxembourgish language, usually unfamiliar to Russian families, is not the only obstacle for a child to make good progress at school. The Slavic family group and the Cyrillic alphabet, different holiday calendar and traditions, as well as differences in behavioural patterns and educational models complicate the perception of implicit school rules both for the children and their parents. In this short ethnographic study, based on five in-depth semi-structured interviews with parents, qualitative data were analysed in order to single out the main challenges that Russian-speaking families face while adapting to the public Luxembourgish preschool, the first contact with Luxembourgish language and community life.
Leucaena leucocephala oil-based poly malate-amide nanocomposite coating material for anticorrosive applications
Authors: Al-Otaibi Wejdan , Alandis Naser M. , Alam Manawwer 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This article describes the synthesis of polyesteramide (PEA) resin from Leucaena leucocephala oil (LLO) obtained from seeds of L. leucocephala tree, locally grown in King Saud University Campus. LLO was transformed into amide diol by based catalyzed amidation reaction, followed by esterification reaction with malic acid (MA), that resulted in LLO-based PEA (LPEA). The synthesis was performed without using any solvent or catalyst. Fourier-transformation infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance confirmed the formation of LPEA by the introduction of amide and ester moieties. LPEA was further reinforced with nano graphene oxide (GO) and fabricated into nanocomposite corrosion protective coatings (LPEA/GO). LPEA/GO coatings obtained were tough, flexibility retentive and showed good corrosion resistance performance toward 3.5 w/w% NaCl medium. Thermogravimetric analysis confirmed good thermal stability of coatings with safe usage up to 200°C.
粤港澳国际新闻语言特征计量对比研究
Authors: 许蕾  , 杜青  
Published: July 2023

摘要
本文自建粤港澳国际新闻语料库，借鉴道格拉斯·拜伯的多特征方法，通过多种计量工具对《广州日报》《文汇报》《澳门日报》的标准型/次比、高频词、低频词、词型覆盖率、词长、词汇密度、词类分布、句长等进行统计分析。结果表明，三地媒体国际新闻语言在高频词、词型覆盖率、词长、词类分布等方面存在一定共性，在标准型/次比、词汇密度、句长等层面存在较大差异，而《文汇报》的语言区别性特征更加突出。
自然口语中两岸模糊限制语的比较
Authors: 张 晶  
Published: July 2023

提要
模糊限制语是言语交际的重要语用策略, 然而鲜有研究去探讨汉语模糊限制语运用的地域差异。因此本文以两岸汉语的口语会话语料为依据, 实证调查了两岸青年人模糊限制语使用的异同。结果发现, 除间接缓和语和范围变动型模糊限制语外,其他类型模糊限制语的使用频率和具体用法均存在较明显的两岸差异。但由于密切的语言接触, 有些两岸原来有差异的模糊限制语已经出现用法上的趋同, 这在一定程度上反映了两岸汉语逐渐融合的趋势。