bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Human Relationship with Our Ocean Planet
Authors: Allison Edward H. , Kurien John , Ota Yoshitaka , Adhuri Dedi S. , Bavinck J. Maarten , Cisneros-Montemayor Andrés , Fabinyi Michael , Jentoft Svein , Lau Sallie , Mallory Tabitha Grace , Olukoju Ayodeji , Putten Ingrid van , Stacey Natasha , Voyer Michelle , Weeratunge Nireka 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPeople across the world have diverse economic, sociolegal, institutional, social and cultural relationships with the ocean—both its littoral zones and the open sea spaces through which people have traditionally navigated, migrated, fished, traded, played and sought solace, spiritual enlightenment, adventure, material enrichment, social identity, cultural expression, artistic inspiration or good health. These relationships are reflected in formal and informal institutions (polices, laws, social norms) that regulate many of these activities, including those that regulate access to resources. These institutions represent a series of prior claims and rights to the use and enjoyment of the ocean by coastal and maritime societies.
Coastal Development: Resilience, Restoration and Infrastructure Requirements
Authors: Steven Andy , Addo Kwasi Appeaning , Llewellyn Ghislaine , Ca Vu Thanh , Boateng Isaac , Bustamante Rodrigo , Doropoulos Christopher , Gillies Chris , Hemer Mark , Lopes Priscila , Kairo James , Rahman Munsur , Ravaoarinorotsihoarana Lalao Aigrette , Saunders Megan , Sumaila U. Rashid , Sidik Frida , Teh Louise , Vanderklift Mat , Vozzo Maria 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMore than 200 countries have a coastline, and this forms the basis for their claims to territorial waters and exclusive economic zones (EEZs). Globally, about 40% of the world’s population live within the “near coastal zone”—the area below an elevation of 100 metres (m) and closer than 100 kilometres (km) from the coast (Kummu et al. 2016). The vast majority of resources for current and emerging sectors that comprise the “ocean— or blue—economy” are concentrated along coastal areas within these EEZs and must operate within a complex, multiple-use and often space-constrained context. The near coastal zone is also where the majority of many coastal nations’ commercial, residential, transport and national defence infrastructure is situated, and it is the backbone to domestic and international supply chains that deliver the marine goods and services upon which we increasingly rely.
Advocacy in Constrained Settings. Rethinking Contextuality
Authors: van Wessel Margit 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPractical guidance on advocacy in the context of development commonly relates to the contexts in which it is set. However, context is relevant beyond the aspects usually addressed, most importantly the presence of a liberal state that has authority and competence to make and enforce policy decisions. To lay bare and reflect on these assumptions for advocacy research and practice, the chapter turns to advocacy manuals for practitioners in the development field. To illustrate and substantiate the problematic nature of the assumptions underlying practitioner guidance, the chapter provides insights from research into civil society advocacy in settings where the condition of the liberal state is not met: authoritarian/hybrid and fragile contexts. A discussion of findings from this research, and a reflection considering them, lead to the identification of a set of considerations for advocacy research and practice in the development sector regarding contextuality: CSO roles, advocacy capacities, strategies, and risk management.
The Changing Amazonian Civic Space: Where Soy Meets Resistance
Authors: Pegler Lee , de Senna Juliana Rodrigues , Galhera Katiuscia Moreno , Gayoso da Costa Solange Maria , Theodoor Hazeu Marcel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis chapter tells the story of how communities in the Amazon are being affected and are resisting the soy Global Value Chain in recent years. By analyzing how different sets of groups (indigenous, ribeirinho, quilombolas, fisherman) are affected by capital and state in the regions of the Lower Tapajós and the Lower Tocantins, this chapter investigates the role of Convention 169 of the International Labour Organization in their resistance. The framework in which capital and state advances in traditional territories is the Arco Norte, a mega infrastructure of road, railroad, and ports being built for the outflow of soy. Despite the huge imbalance of power in each context, to the detriment of traditional communities, this chapter shows that building overarching (international) coalitions and having rights internationally recognized can help the struggles of traditional communities to guarantee their lands, their identities, and their rights.
Local Civil Society Initiatives for Peacebuilding in North-East Congo
Authors: Gaynor Niamh 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is the site of one of the most egregious conflicts in modern times. Ituri, a richly endowed province in the North-East, has endured some of the bloodiest fighting and gravest atrocities since conflict first erupted there in 1999. Drawing on fieldwork conducted with community groups, local civil society organisations (CSOs) and local political authorities in the province, in this chapter I explore the successes and limitations of local civil society peacebuilding efforts in the region. I argue that local actions need to be accompanied and supported by national and global actions which, acting in support to and in solidarity with local communities, challenge and address the globalised political economy of conflict. This means (re)politicising interventions and engaging with the global actors engaged in resource extraction, as well as working in greater cooperation with local actors in land reform, service provision and resource management.
Repertoires of the Possible: Citizen Action in Challenging Settings
Authors: Anderson Colin , Gaventa John 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHow do citizens organise and act to make claims against and contend with authorities in places where formal democracy is undermined by authoritarian histories and practices? What do these actions add up to? In this article, we draw on five years of research from the Action for Empowerment and Accountability research programme, which focused on four such contexts; Mozambique, Myanmar, Nigeria and Pakistan. Adopting what we term a ‘citizen-eye’ view of social and political action we distinguish between the dynamics and expressions of citizen action that are more visible and those that are more hidden. Doing so shows a number of critical constraints that citizens must contend with. Despite these constraints, a range of more and less visible forms of action are clear. While the most obvious outcomes don’t suggest major shifts in the status quo, we argue that those less visible could be important seeds for change.
Spaces for Peace: Women’s Agency in Mitrovica, Kosovo
Authors: Silva Huxter Cíntia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis chapter explores and develops the notion of spaces for peace in the context of women’s cooperation in post-conflict Mitrovica. It argues that understanding women’s cooperative activities as spaces for peace highlights women’s voices and agency in the constrained context of Mitrovica—a divided city where, since the end of the Kosovo conflict, ethnic/national boundaries and patriarchy have had a profound effect on everyday life. The chapter focuses on three particular actions—learning/training together, working together and travelling together—which are viewed as women’s responses to Mitrovica’s constrained context, and explores how these actions contribute to peace and peacebuilding in the city. It concludes by suggesting that viewing women’s cooperative activities as spaces for peace can be the first step to transforming the ways in which women’s empowerment initiatives are viewed, conceptualised and delivered in post-conflict contexts around the world.
Values and Targets of Hope
Authors: Krafft Andreas M. , Slezackova Alena , Marujo Helena Águeda , Flores-Lucas Valle 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe current chapter is dedicated to evaluate the first element of the proposed hope concept, examining the role of human values in the general perception of hope and in the adoption of significant targets of hope across different cultures. The study employed the value model of Shalom Schwartz and elaborated conceptual connections to the phenomenon of hope. Based on data collected with the Hope Barometer in November 2018 (N = 5832) in German and French speaking Switzerland, Spain, Portugal and the Czech Republic, this study analyzes the commonalities and possible cultural differences in the levels of perceived hope, in individual hope targets, and in the effects of particular human value orientations on hope. Our findings indicate that hope is not determined by the wealth of a nation (e.g., in terms of GDP) but by personal and collective characteristics, to a certain extent influenced by basic human values. The results disclose the almost universal significance of self-transcendence and openness to change, as well as the relevance of tradition and achievement in relation to a hopeful attitude and to central prosocial and altruistic targets of hope. Beyond common features across cultures, this study reveals subtle cultural differences worth to be further investigated in future studies.
Hope and Mental Health Among Czech and Polish Adults in a Macrosocial Perspective and Religiosity Context
Authors: Slezackova Alena , Stecz Patryk , Millova Katarina 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCzechia and Poland underwent a significant sociopolitical change following the fall of communism in the 1980s. Despite having a lot in common (i.e., culture, language), the two significantly differ in other areas, such as religiosity. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the role of hope in the context of depression and anxiety, positive mental health, and loneliness and to explore age- and religion-related differences between their citizens.The sample consisted of 526 Czech and 481 Polish adults. The 2019 Hope Barometer questionnaire included measures of satisfaction with the past year and expectations for the upcoming year, perceived and dispositional hope, anxiety and depression, positive mental health, and loneliness.All respondents were most satisfied with their personal lives and shared a generally low level of optimism about their national politics. However, significant differences were observed in positive and negative indicators of mental health, where Czechs obtained generally higher positive indicators than Poles. Compared to both older generations, the youngest respondents in both countries reported lower levels of perceived hope, positive mental health, and satisfaction with the climate and environment, and greater loneliness, anxiety, and depression; they also reported more pessimistic expectations for the national economy. However, regardless of cultural background, religious participants showed higher levels of perceived hope. Both samples demonstrated similar patterns in predictors of positive mental health, as found by regression analysis. Perceived hope and dispositional hope positively predicted mental health, while negative emotivity and loneliness predicted mental health negatively.These results are discussed within a broader framework of life experiences on the micro- and macrolevel in the context of Central European countries that recently underwent macrosocial transitions.
The summating potential polarity encodes the ear health condition
Authors: Hakizimana Pierre 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe summating potential (SP), the DC potential which, along with the AC response, is produced when the hair cells convert the vibrational mechanical energy of sound into electrical signals, is the most enigmatic of the cochlear potentials because its polarity and function have remained elusive for more than seven decades. Despite the tremendous socioeconomic consequences of noise-induced hearing loss and the profound physiological importance of understanding how loud noise exposure impairs the hair cell receptor activation, the relationship between the SP and noise-induced hearing impairment remains poorly characterized. Here, I show that in normally hearing ears, the SP polarity is positive and its amplitude relative to the AC response grows exponentially across frequencies, and becomes negative and decreases exponentially across frequencies following noise-induced hearing injury. Since the SP is thought to be generated by K+ outflow down the gradient through the hair cell basolateral K+ channels, the SP polarity switch to negative values is consistent with a noise-induced shift in the operating point of the hair cells.
“We Witches.” Knowledge Wars, Experience and Spirituality in the Women’s Movement During the 1970s
Authors: Kwaschik Anne 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDuring the 1970s, feminist activists reappropriated the figure of the witch in various ways as a symbol of alterity, political radicalism, feminist revolt or victimhood, or the presentation of subversive (healing or bodily) knowledge. The article investigates these witch constructions with a focus on its experiential foundations drawing on appropriations in Western Germany within a larger transatlantic history. First, it provides a brief overview of witch discourses in the 1970s, highlighting radical feminist, health-political and artistic milieus, based on representative Western European journals and movement literature. The article emphasizes the variety of witch images and its epistemic foci, showing that however different these approaches may appear, they all created women’s alterity. Second, the article examines alternative practices of knowledge production, focusing on health guides and advice literature, as well as on approaches to experience in consciousness-raising groups. This section demonstrates how witch discourses both enabled the movement’s knowledge empowerment, but were also part of complex boundary work within the milieus, such as in the debates about the relationship between experiential knowledge and theory. The last section shows how closely and in what ways spiritualist approaches were linked to this boundary work. The article argues that feminist milieus constituted themselves within the framework of feminist epistemologies against and within established knowledge cultures, thereby drawing further boundaries within the movement. In analyzing the “evidence of experience” (Scott) produced by witch discourses its overarching aim is to demonstrate that their historical relevance initially laid in its standpoint-creating character.
Movement kinematic and postural control differences when performing a visuomotor skill in real and virtual environments
Authors: Brock K. , Vine S. J. , Ross J. M. , Trevarthen M. , Harris D. J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractImmersive technologies, like virtual and mixed reality, pose a novel challenge for our sensorimotor systems as they deliver simulated sensory inputs that may not match those of the natural environment. These include reduced fields of view, missing or inaccurate haptic information, and distortions of 3D space; differences that may impact the control of motor actions. For instance, reach-to-grasp movements without end-point haptic feedback are characterised by slower and more exaggerated movements. A general uncertainty about sensory input may also induce a more conscious form of movement control. We tested whether a more complex skill like golf putting was also characterized by more consciously controlled movement. In a repeated-measures design, kinematics of the putter swing and postural control were compared between (i) real-world putting, (ii) VR putting, and (iii) VR putting with haptic feedback from a real ball (i.e., mixed reality). Differences in putter swing were observed both between the real world and VR, and between VR conditions with and without haptic information. Further, clear differences in postural control emerged between real and virtual putting, with both VR conditions characterised by larger postural movements, which were more regular and less complex, suggesting a more conscious form of balance control. Conversely, participants actually reported less conscious awareness of their movements in VR. These findings highlight how fundamental movement differences may exist between virtual and natural environments, which may pose challenges for transfer of learning within applications to motor rehabilitation and sport.
Tonotopic Ca2+ dynamics and sound processing in auditory interneurons of the bush-cricket Mecopoda elongata
Authors: Bayley T. , Hedwig B. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTwo auditory neurons, TN-1 and ON-1, in the bush-cricket, Mecopoda elongata, have large dendritic arborisations which receive excitatory synaptic inputs from tonotopically organised axonal terminals of auditory afferents in the prothoracic ganglion. By combining intracellular microelectrode recording with calcium imaging we demonstrate that the dendrites of both neurons show a clear Ca2+ signal in response to broad-frequency species-specific chirps. Due to the organisation of the afferents frequency specific auditory activation should lead to local Ca2+ increases in their dendrites. In response to 20 ms sound pulses the dendrites of both neurons showed tonotopically organised Ca2+ increases. In ON-1 we found no evidence for a tonotopic organisation of the Ca2+ signal related to axonal spike activity or for a Ca2+ response related to contralateral inhibition. The tonotopic organisation of the afferents may facilitate frequency-specific adaptation in these auditory neurons through localised Ca2+ increases in their dendrites. By combining 10 and 40 kHz test pulses and adaptation series, we provide evidence for frequency-specific adaptation in TN-1 and ON-1. By reversible deactivating of the auditory afferents and removing contralateral inhibition, we show that in ON-1 spike activity and Ca2+ responses increased but frequency-specific adaptation was not evident.
Establishment of a multiplex PCR-CE assay for the simultaneous and rapid analysis of age markers for Calliphora vicina pupae
Authors: Hartmann Katharina , Bamberg Malte , Seum Sandra , Amendt Jens , Verhoff Marcel A. , Zehner Richard 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInsects, especially blow flies, are forensically relevant to determine the minimal postmortem interval (PMImin), based on the fact that they are usually the first colonisers of a body. By estimating the age of immature blow flies, interferences can be made about the time since death. Whilst morphological parameters are valuable for age estimation of blow fly larvae, gene expression profiling is more applicable for blow fly pupae. Here, the age-dependent changes in the gene expression levels during the development are analysed. 28 temperature-independent markers have already been described for the age estimation of pupae of the forensically important blow fly Calliphora vicina and are analysed by RT-qPCR. To allow simultaneous analysis of these age markers, a multiplex assay was developed in the present study. After reverse transcription, the markers are analysed simultaneously in an endpoint PCR and subsequently separated by capillary electrophoresis (CE). This method is highly attractive due to its quick and easy procedure and interpretation. The present age prediction tool was adapted and validated. The multiplex PCR assay reproduced the same expression profiles as the RT-qPCR assay based on the same markers. The statistical evaluation shows that the new assay has a lower precision but a better trueness for age determination compared to the RT-qPCR assay. Since the new assay is also qualified to estimate the age of C. vicina pupae and is practical, cost-effective and, even more importantly, time-saving, it is attractive for use in forensic casework.
Molecular characterization of Schellackia parasites in an urban population of sand lizards (Lacerta agilis) from Berlin, Germany
Authors: Veith Ylva , Wende Anna Luiza , Matuschewski Kai , Schaer Juliane , Müller Katja , Bannert Brigitte 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Lizards are hosts of several taxa of unicellular parasites of the phylum Apicomplexa, including Karyolysus, Schellackia, Lankesterella, and Hepatozoon. Parasite prevalence and the impact of infections on lizard biology remain largely unexplored. In this study, blood parasite infections were investigated in sand lizards (Lacerta agilis) from Berlin, Germany. Eighty-three individuals were investigated, and the detected blood parasites were identified as Schellackia sp. The combination of microscopic and molecular screening revealed a prevalence of 14.5%. Parasitemia values were low and most infections were subpatent. Phylogenetic analysis recovered a close relationship of the Schellackia parasites of this study with Schellackia sp. parasites of different Lacerta and Podarcis lizard species from Spain. Monitoring of Schellackia parasite infections in free-ranging lizards contributes to a better understanding of the distribution, diversity, and phylogenetic relationships of the neglected parasite taxon.
Loose building blocks in the edifice of electrochemistry in a historical perspective and their impact on the teaching
Authors: Inzelt György 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThere have been several misinterpretations even in the course of the establishment of the fundamental laws and ideas of electrochemistry. Despite the contemporary and further critics, these poor ideas (loose building blocks) have survived for more than a century, and unfortunately, those still appear in books and papers. The origin and the aftermath of several important problems will be analyzed in this paper. At the same time, the present thinking and recommendations will also be summarized. Moreover, some terms, which usually cause problems in teaching, will also be discussed.
A cooperation experiment with white-handed gibbons (Hylobates lar)
Authors: Kopsch Nora T. , Geissmann Thomas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCooperative behaviors among individuals of numerous species play a crucial role in social interactions. There is a special interest in investigating the occurrence of cooperation among apes because this knowledge could also shed light on evolutionary processes and help us understand the origin and development of cooperation in humans and primates in general. Gibbons are phylogenetically intermediate between the great apes and monkeys, and therefore represent a unique opportunity for comparisons. The aim of the present study was to discover whether or not white-handed gibbons (Hylobates lar) show cooperative behaviors. In order to test for the respective behaviors, the gibbons were presented with a commonly used experimental cooperative rope-pulling task. The gibbons in this study did not exhibit cooperative behaviors during the problem-solving task. However, prior training procedures could not be fully completed, hence this project constitutes only the onset of exploring cooperative behaviors in gibbons. Additional behavioral observations revealed that the gibbons spent significantly more time “out of arm’s reach to everyone”, suggesting that they are less often involved in social interactions, than other, more cooperative primates.