bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-Linear Analysis of R.C. and P.R.C. Girder Bridges
Authors: Givonetti Marco , Mairone Mattia , Asso Rebecca , De Luca Emanuela , Grateron Luis Alberto Bohorquez , Masera Davide , Marano Giuseppe Carlo 
Published: August 2023

In professional practice, the design and verification of Reinforced Concrete (RC) and Prestressed Reinforced Concrete (PRC) structures are performed using a simplified calculation provided by the Eurocodes that limits resistance but that also includes a certain level of structural safety. Some aspects that directly affect the simplified methods involve the use of linear constitutive laws of materials. The use of non-linear laws is evident in the exploitation of reservoirs of strength and deformations of plastic materials in the Ultimate Limit State. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the increase in resistance to bending actions during the plasticization of the beam of existing bridges to support the decision-making process of the engineer in the assessment of existing structures. To achieve this, two codes (MEG Ductility, MEG Fiber Sections) were developed to provide the moment–curvature diagram of RC and PRC sections using non-linear bonds, and in this paper, the study of RC sections is reported. Furthermore, through a push-down analysis, two RC and PRC viaducts have been analyzed using the moment–curvature characteristics obtained from the realized codes and by varying the non-linear constitutive bonds. The results of this study provide valuable insights into the behavior of RC structures under bending actions and demonstrate the importance of considering non-linear material laws for accurate structural assessments. The findings contribute to the enhancement of the decision-making process of engineers when dealing with existing infrastructures.
Arctic climate warming: discrepancies between global climate
models and observations and possible causes
Authors: Alekseev Genrikh 
Published: August 2023

Global climate models are used to predict anthropogenic climate change and to plan social and economic activities under changing climatic conditions. At the same time, there are discrepancies between model projections and observed climate changes, especially in low latitudes and polar regions. One reason for the discrepancy may be insufficient attention to natural forcings on the climate system. Therefore, studies of the role of natural factors in the development of modern warming are relevant for
improving the reliability of forecasts for the development of the climatic situation on Earth. Particular attention is paid to the impact of climate change in low latitudes on the Arctic. A significant contribution to these changes can be made by a long-term increase in low-latitude insolation. Most of the low latitudes
are occupied by the ocean, which absorbs the bulk of the incoming solar radiation. The contribution of the increase in insolation to the increase in ocean surface temperature at low latitudes is estimated from the available data on insolation of the upper boundary of the atmosphere. The changes in SST at low latitudes are compared according to reanalysis data and calculations of global climate models. Comparison of climate changes in low latitudes and in the Arctic is made. The influence from low latitudes on the reduction in the area of sea ice and the increase in water temperature in the Arctic basin is estimated. Changes in the characteristics of the atmosphere and ocean at low latitudes, associated with an increase in insolation, after
3 years are manifested in changes in the characteristics of the climate and sea ice in the Arctic. This indicates the potential for improved global modeling of warming in the Arctic and at low latitudes when taking into account slow changes in radiative forcing at the upper boundary of the atmosphere due to the Earth’s orbital dynamics. Insolation trends at low latitudes are maximum in spring, i.e., in the vicinity of the vernal equinox in the Earth’s orbit. This indicates the influence of precession — a slow shift of the equinox point, when the influx of solar radiation to low latitudes is maximum, to the perihelion, where it will be 3 W/m2more.
Forecasting water discharges of the river Marmarik (Armenia) according to the kinematic wave equation
Authors: Gaidukova Ekaterina , Margaryan Varduhi , Vinokurov Igor , Misakyan Amalia , Kuleshova Marta 
Published: August 2023

The article provides an overview of methods for short-term forecasting of water flow in mountain rivers based on physical-statistical and regression equations, conceptual approaches. Requirements for forecast models for the Armenian rivers are noted, which correspond to the kinematic wave model, but so far there are no forecast results for the Armenian rivers using this model. The purpose of the study was to test a mathematical model of a kinematic wave for a short-term forecast of water discharges on the mountainous Armenian river Marmarik. The model of a kinematic wave can be obtained after simplifying
the model of channel runoff in a general form, i.e., after excluding from consideration deformations, local constant and variable backwaters from narrowing of channels, confluence of rivers, surge phenomena, and also after excluding the influence of the lower boundary condition, which is responsible for the characteristic of the diffusion spreading of the flood wave.
A kinematic wave model was tested on the Marmarik River, which is an important water body in Armenia. We used series of observations of urgent water discharges during the spring flood from April 1 to June 30 for 2015—2018 at the top of the river Marmarik — Hankavan settlement, lower alignment — Aghavnadzor settlement and at the alignment on the main tributary of the river Gomraget — Meghradzor village. It was found that in the dynamic parametrization of the model, the anthropogenic impact should be introduced as an additional parameter. The obtained values of water discharges when making verification forecasts in the aggregate characterize the kinematic wave model as an effective approach according to
the criteria for assessing the quality of forecast methods of the Hydrometeorological Center and Nash—Sutcliffe. The kinematic wave model is easy to use with a small amount of initial information without meteorological data, which will facilitate its implementation for practical applications.
Proactive familial cancer risk assessment: a service development study in UK primary care
Authors: Badran Abdul Rahman , Youngs Alice , Forman Andrea , Elms Marisa , Chang Lai-Lai , Lebbe Fiyaz , Reekie Adam , Short John , Hlaing Min Theik , Watts Emma , Hipps Deborah , Snape Katie 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundFamily history assessment can identify individuals above population-risk for cancer to enable targeted Screening, Prevention, and Early Detection (SPED). Family History Questionnaire Service (FHQS) is a resource-efficient patient-facing online tool to facilitate this. In the UK, cancer risk assessment is usually only offered to concerned individuals proactively self-presenting to their GP, leading to inequity in accessing SPED in the community.AimTo improve access to community cancer genetic risk assessment and explore barriers to uptake.Design & settingService development project of a digital pathway using the FHQS for cancer risk assessment across four general practices within the clinical remit of the South West Thames Centre for Genomics (SWTCG).Method3100 individuals aged 38–50 years were invited to complete the FHQS through either text message or email. A random selection of 100 non-responders were contacted to determine barriers to uptake.ResultsIn total,n= 304/3100 (10%) registered for the FHQS. Responders were more likely to be British (63% vs 47%,P<0.001), speak English as their main language (92% vs 76%,P<0.001), and not require an interpreter (99.6% vs 94.9%,P= 0.001). Of 304 responders, 158 (52%) were automatically identified as at population-risk without full family history review. Of the remaining 146 responders, 52 (36%) required either additional screening referral (n= 23), genetics referral (n= 15), and/or advice to relatives (n = 18). Of 100 non-responders contacted, eight had incorrect contact details and 53 were contactable. Reasons for not responding included not receiving invitation details (n= 26), losing the invitation (n= 5), or forgetting (n= 4).ConclusionThe FHQS can be used as part of a low-resource primary care pathway to identify individuals in the community above population-risk for cancer requiring action. This study highlighted barriers to uptake requiring consideration to maximise impact and minimise inequity.
The modern Ichthyofauna of the Moscow River
Authors: Bykov A. D. 
Published: August 2023

Based on the results of ichthyological monitoring, the structure of the catches of fixed, ring and smooth nets, as well as the fry seine for sections of the upper and lower reaches of the Moscow River in 2010–2018 is presented. There were no significant changes in the composition of the ichthyofauna of the Moscow River above the capital compared to the 80–90s of the twentieth century. In the middle and lower reaches of the river, limnophile fish dominate in number and biomass. The share of invasive and previously not accounted for in catches of species in the fish population of the Moscow River by the 20s of the XXI century is already 38 % (17 species), although the occurrence in catches does not exceed 1.3 %. The aim of the work is to analyze the dynamics of the ichthyofauna and determine the fish productivity of various sections of the Moscow River according to the results of ichthyological monitoring of the freshwater fish laboratory of the VNIRO Federal State Budgetary Institution for 2010–2018. Methods used: the collection of ichthyological material was carried out by active and passive net fishing gear. The estimation of the number and biomass of fish was carried out according to traditional methods of direct accounting using smooth and ring nets, as well as a fry seine. Novelty: for the first time during the period of ichthyological research, information is provided on the structure of catches for various sections of the Moscow River according to the hydrological regime. The indicators of fish biomass calculated on the basis of fishing with various tools are presented. The presence of new alien species in the ichthyofauna of the Moscow River at the present stage of its ecosystem existence has been revealed. Practical significance: the results of the work allow us to assess the dynamics of the composition of the fish population and the structure of ichthyocenoses for different sections of the river according to the hydrological regime. The estimation of the number and biomass of fish is necessary to predict the recommended catch of the most significant objects of amateur fishing. Assessment of the state of populations of fish species uncharacteristic for the basin of the Moscow River makes it possible to understand the mechanism of invasive processes and the degree of adaptation of intruders in the conditions of the ecosystem of the Moscow River.
Estimation of long-term changes in thermal conditions and distribution of Atlantic and Subarctic water in the XXI Century in the Norwegian Sea on area surveys data
Authors: Sentyabov E. V. 
Published: August 2023

Purpose of the work: assessing the spatial and temporal variability of thermal conditions in waters of various origins in the Norwegian Sea in the first decades of the 21st century. Materials: oceanographic data collected during the International Ecosystem Surveys in the Norwegian Sea in 2000–2021. Methods used: comparative data analysis, descriptive statistics methods, correlation analysis. Results: the “boxes”, temperature in which most fully describes the change in the temperature of the Atlantic and Subarctic waters of the Norwegian Sea, were identified. This is confirmed by the high correlation coefficients of temperature in the “boxes” with the water temperature over a wide area of distribution of waters of various origins. The interannual temperature variability in the “boxes” was studied with the separation of warm and cold periods. An assessment of the interannual variability of the distribution boundaries of the Atlantic and subarctic waters is made by the position of isotherms at different horizons. A statistically significant relationship is shown between changes in the temperature of Atlantic and Subarctic waters according to the “boxes” data and changes in the boundaries of the distribution of water masses and the position of the frontal zone between them. Practical significance: the results of the analysis of in situ data from annual areal surveys make it possible to estimate the interannual variability of the thermal state of waters of various origins in the Norwegian Sea in the absence of standard sections and can be used to predict the distribution of pelagic fish in the sea area depending on oceanographic conditions.
Mothers’ Knowledge toward Maintaining Breast Milk Flow During Their High-Risk Neonates Hospitalization
Authors: Abdalla Noor Thabit I. , Musihb Zeki Sabah 
Published: August 2023

Background: Breastfeeding is a part of the distinct bio psychosocial system of our species, which evolved over the course of mammalian evolution to enhance the health and survival of both infant and his mother. The act of breastfeeding involves much more than just passing breast milk from mother to children but vital aspect of a baby's upbringing from feeding the mother's breast.
Objectives: The study aims to assessing of mothers’ knowledge toward maintaining breast milk flow when their high-risk newborns are in the hospital and find out the relationship between mothers' demographic variables and knowledge.
Methodology: From the 26th September 2022 to 1st July 2023, descriptive research was conducted on mothers with high-risk neonates in Holy Karbala. The research was conducted at three different hospitals: Women's Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Karbala Teaching Hospital for Children, and AL-Husainia General Hospital.
Results: The most of mothers are within the age groups of (20-30) and (above 30) years of old represented (33%), most of them cannot read and writing, the majority of mothers are housewives and resident in urban area, also most mothers with somewhat enough as economic status, and most of them with normal delivery birth. Furthermore, most participants have two to three births. The study shows that mothers have moderate level of knowledge toward maintaining breast milk flow represented (52%).
Conclusion: Parents frequently worry at the end of a preterm infant's hospital stay about whether the baby is ready to be fed by mouth. This only receives significant attention when other major health issues have been resolved or made easier to manage. Because there haven't been many studies on adults born prematurely, many moms are ignorant of the risks of not breastfeeding their high-risk newborns. They are also ignorant of the long-term benefits of breastfeeding for themselves and their children.
Recommendation: Awareness programs for the mothers during pregnancy (before birth) about the success of breastfeeding to know ways to keep her milk flowing for their children. And increasing mothers' knowledge about maintaining and increase milk flow through media programs and educational events in community.
Assessment of Primary School Teachers' Knowledge and Attitude toward Conduct Disorders
Authors: Al-Jabery Hassanein , Al-Amarei Hassam M. 
Published: August 2023

Background: DSM-5-TR defines conduct disorder as groups of repetitive and persistent behaviors, including aggression to people or animals, destruction of property, deceitfulness or theft, and serious violation of rules in children and adolescents aged under 18 years.
Objectives: To assess of primary school teachers' knowledge and attitude toward Conduct Disorders.
Methodology: Descriptive study was carried throughout the period (1st December 2022 to 10th June 2023) to assess primary school teachers' knowledge’s and attitudes toward conduct disorders among children in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf city. A (70) primary school teachers were selected by a non-probability (purposive) sample from candidate school were included in the present study, The Study Instrument consists of three parts, the first part contains demographic information. The second part contains six domains to measure teachers' knowledge toward conduct disorders, and the last part consists of fifteen questions to find out teachers' attitudes toward conduct disorders.
Results: the result indicate that 71.4 % of study sample with poor knowledge toward conduct disorders, while 55.7% of sample with unfavorable attitude.
Conclusion: The results of the current study indicate that two third of teachers' with poor level of knowledge and half of teachers with unfavorable attitude toward conduct disorders.
Recommendations: The authors recommended collaborating between the Ministry of Education and mental health organizations to establish partnerships between schools and mental health professionals or organizations specializing in conduct disorders. This collaboration can provide additional support and resources to teachers and help create a more comprehensive approach to addressing conduct disorders in educational settings.
Caracterização de Atributos do Solo em Trilhas de Uso Público no Litoral do Parque Nacional da Serra da Bocaina (RJ)
Authors: Lima Guilherme Marques de , Rangel Luana De Almeida , Guerra Antonio José Teixeira 
Published: August 2023

A erosão hídrica promove a perda de solo, especialmente em áreas tropicais úmidas. Seus atributos permitem inferir áreas que estão degradadas. A utilização de trilhas, especialmente em Unidades de Conservação, pode manter a conservação ambiental ou provocar sua degradação. Portanto, seu uso de forma intensiva e desordenada, sem planejamento e manejo, compromete o equilíbrio ecossistêmico e desencadeia processos erosivos. Logo, esta pesquisa analisou os efeitos do pisoteio em trilhas de uso público no litoral do Parque Nacional da Serra da Bocaina (PNSB), no município de Paraty (RJ), através da coleta e da análise de atributos físico-químicos do solo. Constatou-se que os atributos apresentaram relação direta com o pisoteio ocasionado pela visitação turística,como a porosidade, a densidade do solo, a textura e os teores de matéria orgânica. Por fim, destacou-se a necessidade de intervenções nestes atributos para reduzir ou controlar a degradação do solo, como a compactação e os processos erosivos.
Espacialização das Comunidades Remanescentes de Quilombos no Estado do Rio de Janeiro em 2021
Authors: Ferreira Tatiana De Sá Freire , Lima Ursula Borges dos Santos , Reis Amanda Lacerda , Fernandes Manoel Do Couto , Menezes Paulo Márcio Leal de 
Published: August 2023

A percepção e o entendimento espacial são intrínsecos à ciência geográfica e fazem parte de uma forma original de pensar, baseada em três dimensões, que buscam entender a espacialidade de objetos, coisas, pessoas e fenômenos, cuja representação espacial, traduzida em mapas ou quadros geográficos, é elemento essencial. Os quilombos são grupos sociais que marcam a herança da cultura de origem africana no território brasileiro, reflexo da escravidão e das lutas contemporâneas por reconhecimento de direitos. A localização pontual das Comunidades Remanescentes de Quilombo tem como objetivo explorar sua distribuição espacial no estado do Rio de Janeiro. O levantamento das informações, efetuado nos órgãos governamentais de reconhecimento, regularização fundiária e instituições de pesquisa, resultou em um Banco de Dados Geográficos com a localização georreferenciada de cada comunidade, que mostra uma distribuição espacial heterogênea. Espera-se que os mapas contribuam para pesquisas em diversas áreas de conhecimento e em ações educativas nos próprios territórios.
Wearing the Hijab: An argument for moderate selective acculturation of newly immigrated Arab-American women
Authors: Roberts Janet M. 
Published: August 2023

The goal of this research is to examine how Arab women newly emigrated to the United States struggle to decide how to blend with or into the fabric of this country while still retaining their culture, language and religion in a manner that is comfortable and acceptable to them. All the interviewees were Arab/Muslim women from the countries of Iraq and Lebanon. The research also examines the conflict among Muslim women over the decision as to whether or not to wear the hijab or veil covering their heads.
This research is important in creating an understanding of the needs and differences, as well as the desires and similarities, of Arab/Muslim women and American women. It is also important for differentiating between assimilation, multiculturalism and selective acculturation. Any research and analysis that works to emphasize common values and acceptance of differences also works toward the building of a peaceful community.
Community of Practice Involvement Obligations.
Authors: Charlebois Justin 
Published: August 2023

One way of studying group involvement is through the paradigm of communities of practice (CofP) (Lave 1988, Lave & Wenger 1991). Students on university campuses are simultaneously members of various CofPs. This article investigates the CofPs Japanese students were involved in while studying in the United States. It found that the whole notion of CofP involvement is framed (Bateson 1972; Tannen & Wallet 1993) differently by Japanese. Specifically, the Japanese frame for attendance obligations and appropriate behavior is tighter (Goffman 1963) than that of their American counterparts. The results of this study suggest that what constitutes good demeanor is different in both societies and highlights the cultural relativity of frames regarding community of practice involvement. (community of practice, frame, obligations, expectations, deference, demeanor, tightness, looseness, giri, ninjo,omote, soto, uchi, ura).
Limitada criticidad de los estudiantes del primer año de bachillerato del colegio Camilo Gallegos Domínguez, ante el uso inadecuado de las TIC
Authors: Rodríguez Uruchima Marco Antonio 
Published: August 2023

El poco pensamiento crítico y la falta de responsabilidad para usar las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC), por parte de los estudiantes es una problemática cada vez más frecuente que aqueja a la educación y sociedad actual. Estas dificultades pueden tener graves repercusiones en el rendimiento académico y el bienestar general de los estudiantes. El uso generalizado de la tecnología y las formas globalizadas de comunicación se han convertido en una parte indispensable de nuestra cotidianidad, lo que hace que los adolescentes sean especialmente susceptibles al uso de las TIC, debido a su edad y a su falta de criterio para determinar una utilidad segura, lo que puede provocar efectos perjudiciales en el desempeño de los estudiantes, además de estrés y falta de concentración en sus actividades diarias, el presente trabajo interpreta las circunstancias que llevan a los estudiantes del primer año de bachillerato de la Unidad Educativa Camilo Gallegos Domínguez del Cantón Biblián Provincia del Cañar a tener una inadecuada metodología de uso ofimático, para conocer y atacar los aspectos de una mala utilización de dispositivos informáticos y así aprovechar las ventajas de las TIC en la educación.