bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The involvement of systemic RNA interference deficient‐1‐like (SIL1) in cellular dsRNA uptake in Acyrthosiphon pisum
Authors: Ye Chao , An Xin , Xie Bing‐Qin , Ding Bi‐Yue , Niu Jinzhi , Wang Jin‐Jun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSystemic RNA interference deficient‐1‐like (SIL1) is considered a core component in dsRNA uptake in some insect species. Investigation related to the potential function of SIL1 in dsRNA uptake can contribute to a further understanding of RNA interference (RNAi) mechanisms in insects and agricultural pest control. However, the role of SIL1 in dsRNA uptake in insects such as aphids remains controversial. We have thoroughly analyzed the role of SIL1 from the model aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (ApSIL1) in cellular dsRNA to clarify its function. First, the induced expression of ApSIL1 upon dsRNA oral exposure provided a vital clue for the possible involvement of ApSIL1 in cellular dsRNA uptake. Subsequent in vivo experiments using the RNAi‐of‐RNAi approach for ApSIL1 supported our hypothesis that the silencing efficiencies of reporter genes were reduced after inhibition of ApSIL1 expression. The impaired biological phenotypes of aphids, including cumulative average offspring, deformities of the nymph, and mortality upon pathogen infection, were then observed in the treatment group. Thereafter, in vitro dual‐luciferase reporter assay showed compelling evidence that the luciferin signal was significantly attenuated when dsluciferase or dsGFP was transferred into ApSIL1‐transfected Drosophila S2 cells. These observations further confirmed that the signal of Cy3‐labeled dsRNA was rapidly attenuated with time in ApSIL1‐transfected Drosophila S2 cells. Overall, these findings conclusively establish that ApSIL1 is involved in dsRNA uptake in A. pisum.
Control of the Maillard reaction and secondary shelf‐life prediction of infant formula during domestic use
Authors: Wang Sihui , Wang Mengqi , Wang Ying , Wu Zhengyan , Yang Jingjing , Li Hongjuan , Li Hongbo , Yu Jinghua 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo control the Maillard reaction of infant formula (IF) during secondary shelf‐life (SSL) and establish an SSL prediction model, the effects of storage temperatures (25°C, 37°C) and relative humidity (RH) levels (32%, 57%, and 75%) on the Maillard reaction products (MRPs) were evaluated. Visible color changes were observed during storage in samples stored at 37°C and not at 25°C. The available lysine loss was the largest, up to 64.14% and 69.40% after 4 weeks of storage at 37°C and 57% RH. At the end of storage, the 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural, 3‐deoxyglucuronide, fluorescence of advanced Maillard products and soluble Tryptophan (FAST) index, and Nε‐carboxymethyllysine (CML) of two commercial IFs increased by 0.48–3.32, 1.26–12.65, 0.01–4.87, and 0.30–1.05 times, respectively. During storage, the glyoxal content in two commercial IFs tended to increase and then decrease in the range of 0.21–3.43 mg/100 g. The SSL of IFs was predicted using the multivariate accelerated shelf‐life test and the Arrhenius model. At 25°C, the estimated SLL of two commercial IFs were 10–9 and 7–6 weeks at 57% and 75% RH, respectively. MRPs and ΔE* could be used as indicators for predicting the SLL of infant formula.Practical ApplicationThe results of the study suggested that the increase in storage temperature and humidity during the SSL can promote the MR of IF, which affects the sensory and safety of IF. Therefore, consumers need to focus on controlling storage conditions during the SSL to avoid degradation of IF quality.
Application of human data to predict hamstring tendon autograft diameter in Zhuang population
Authors: Huang Xiao‐Li , Zheng Hong‐Yu , Yang Hui‐Hui , Shi Ze‐Feng , Zhang Bing , Lan Bei , Wang Hong , Tan Ru‐Xin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo explore the value of human data from the Zhuang population via predicting the diameter of the hamstring tendon autograft in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and determining the feasibility of preoperative ultrasound for prediction.MethodsIn total, 24 Zhuang patients who underwent ACL reconstruction with a 4‐strand semitendinosus and gracilis tendon autograft (4 S‐STG) were enrolled in this study. Before the operation, the affected semitendinosus tendon (ST) was examined by ultrasonography, and its length, diameter, cross‐sectional area, and circumference were measured. The patients' basic information and body data, ie, height, weight, body mass index, lower limb length injured, and thigh circumference injured, were recorded. Their ST and gracilis tendon lengths and diameters and 4 S‐STG diameter were measured during the operation. A correlation analysis was conducted between the ultrasound measurement results and human data and intraoperative tendon measurements.ResultsThe ST diameter measured by ultrasound was correlated with the ST length and ST diameter measured during operation, and the ST circumference measured by ultrasound was correlated with the ST diameter measured during operation. The patients' body weight can be used to distinguish a 4 S‐STG diameter of ≥8 mm (P < .01, mean difference = 11.59). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of body weight was 0.829. The final graft diameter ≥8 mm could be predicted with a body weight of 61.5 kg as the cutoff point; the sensitivity and specificity were 72.2% and 83.3%, respectively.ConclusionIn Zhuang patients undergoing ACL reconstruction with 4 S‐STG, body weight more accurately predicted graft diameter than preoperative semitendinosus diameter.
A census of clinical trials conducted under theU.S.exception from informed consent rule
Authors: Snyder Krista L. , Merz Jon F. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe exception from informed consent (EFIC) rule was adopted in 1996, permitting waiver of informed consent for certain emergency research, including trials funded by the U.S. government. The rule requires prospective consent from patients or their legally authorized representative(s) (LAR) if practicable. For those enrolled without consent, the patient or their LAR must be given an opportunity to opt out from continued participation at the earliest opportunity. We sought to census the trials conducted under the EFIC rule to facilitate research to better understand how the rule is being used.MethodsWe conducted a multipronged search to identify all trials conducted under the EFIC rule, drawing on reviews, database searches, examination of the FDA's docket, posting an inquiry on the institutional review board forum, and email requests to lead authors of all published EFIC trials and related review articles. We describe the trials, when they were started and completed, and whether they were terminated early.ResultsWe identified a total of 110 trials as of the end of April 2022: 78 complete, 13 recruiting, seven registered onclinicaltrials.govbut not yet recruiting, five trials that were abandoned before enrolling any subjects, and seven trials in early planning. Nine of the 78 completed trials were pilot or feasibility trials. Of 69 completed full trials, 30 (43.5%) were terminated early. The most common reason for early termination was futility (15 trials, 25.0%) followed by poor recruitment (10 trials, 14.5%). The rate of conduct of trials has been remarkably constant since 2001, with roughly 18 trials started in each 5‐year period.ConclusionsWe have compiled a census of trials conducted under the U.S. FDA's EFIC rule, the availability of which we hope will stimulate further in‐depth data collection and analysis of this set of trials.
Leveraging VA geriatric emergency department accreditation to improve elder abuse detection in older Veterans using a standardized tool
Authors: Makaroun Lena K. , Halaszynski Jaime J. , Rosen Tony , Haggerty Kristin Lees , Blatnik Jennifer K. , Froberg Ruthann , Elman Alyssa , Geary Christine A. , Hagy Dyan M. , Rodriguez Crescencio , McQuown Colleen M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractElder abuse (EA) is common and has devastating health impacts, yet most cases go undetected limiting opportunities to intervene. Older Veterans receiving care in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) represent a high‐risk population for EA. VHA emergency department (ED) visits provide a unique opportunity to identify EA, as assessment for acute injury or illness may be the only time isolated older Veterans leave their home, but most VHA EDs do not have standardized EA assessment protocols. To address this, we assembled an interdisciplinary team of VHA social workers, physicians, nurses, intermediate care technicians (ICTs; former military medics and corpsmen who often conduct screenings in VHA EDs) and both VHA and non‐VHA EA subject matter experts to adapt the Elder Mistreatment Screening and Response Tool (EM‐SART) to pilot in the Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center geriatric ED (GED) program. The cornerstone of their approach is an interdisciplinary GED consultation led by ICTs and nurses who screen high‐risk older Veterans for geriatric syndromes and unmet needs. The adapted EM‐SART was integrated into the electronic health record and GED workflow in December 2020. By July 2022, a total of 251 Veterans were screened with nine (3.6%) positive on the prescreen and five (2%) positive on the comprehensive screen. Based on the first‐year pilot experience, the interdisciplinary team was expanded and convened regularly to further adapt the EM‐SART for wider use in VHA, including embedding flexibility for both licensed and nonlicensed clinicians to complete the screening tool and tailoring response options to be specific to VHA policy and resources. The national momentum for VHA EDs to improve care for older Veterans and secure GED accreditation offers unique opportunities to embed this evidence‐based approach to EA assessment in the largest integrated health system in the United States.
Beyond the dead zone: The meanings of loving violence in Highland Mexico
Authors: Whittaker Catherine 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWhen violence clearly conveys a message and produces order, it simplifies meaning. Worded differently, it creates a “dead zone” (Graeber 2012). This article argues that intense, passionate love, like intense, physical violence, drastically diminishes meaning and enhances the potential for harm. In recent globalized feminist discourse, it is commonly claimed that love and violence are mutually exclusive, which rests on the assumption that violence is bad and love is good. Yet strictly separating love and violence (e.g., by purging sacrifice from one's understanding of love) intensifies the two and produces dead zones. By contrast, many inhabitants of Milpa Alta, a rural, partially Nahuatl‐speaking community south of Mexico City, contend that violence can only be understood in relation to love. They define both concepts in terms of their affective qualities and potential to transform marital and social life. Violence, like love, is neither inherently negative nor positive because sacrifice and punishment are often considered key ingredients for maintaining a productive love among spouses, siblings, and within the wider community. Leaving the boundary between love and violence conceptually and morally porous allows them to remain generative of meaning and retain their productive potential.
Introducing the fragility index—A case study using the Term Breech Trial
Authors: Ho Adrienne K. , Zamperoni Kristen E. , Ho Anthony M. H. , Mizubuti Glenio B. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe fragility index (FI) is a sensitivity analysis of the statistically significant result of a clinical study. It is the number of hypothetical changes in the primary event of one of the two cohorts in a 1‐to‐1 comparative trial to render the statistically significant result non‐significant (ie, to alter the P‐value from ≤0.05 to >0.05). The FI can be compared with the patient drop‐out rates and protocol violations, which, if much higher than the FI, may arguably suggest less robustness/stability of the trial's results. To illustrate the concept, we have chosen the Term Breech Trial (TBT) as a case study. The TBT results favor planned cesarean birth, as opposed to planned vaginal delivery, in the term singleton fetus with breech presentation. Our analysis shows that the FI of the TBT is 21, which is small in comparison to the number (hundreds) of protocol violations present. Some experts have suggested the inclusion of the FI in data analysis and subsequent discussion of clinical trial data. Routine use of such a metric may be valuable in encouraging readers to maintain a healthy degree of skepticism, especially when interpreting trial results which may directly influence clinical practice.
The impact of a guided paced breathing audiovisual intervention on anxiety symptoms in Palestinian children: a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Shank Lisa M. , Grace Victoria , Delgado Janna , Batchelor Paul , de Raadt St James Alexander , Sundaresan Avirath , Bouchedid Lara 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundChildren in Palestine may be at high risk for anxiety symptoms. However, access to mental health services is limited. Therefore, the objective of this study was to conduct a pilot randomized controlled trial to examine whether a guided audiovisual paced breathing intervention was feasible, acceptable, and improved anxiety symptoms in Palestinian children.MethodsStudents (6–10 years old) in an after‐school program in Palestine were randomly assigned to the intervention or control condition. All participants completed a pre‐ and post‐intervention measure of anxiety using the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale. Participants in the intervention completed 24 sessions over 8 weeks and rated breathing ease as well as pre‐ and post‐session relaxation on a 5‐point Likert scale. To examine condition differences in post‐intervention anxiety, four analyses of covariance were conducted, adjusting for age, sex, and pre‐intervention anxiety.ResultsA total of 144 participants (65.3% girls; Mage = 7.5 ± 1.2; 50% per condition) enrolled in the study. There were no differences in demographics or baseline anxiety between the two conditions (ps > .05). Participants reported that it was easy to breathe during the sessions (Ms = 4.1–4.7, SDs = 0.5–1.1). For all but the first session, participants reported being more relaxed after the breathing session than before (ps < .003). Post‐intervention, participants in the intervention reported fewer anxiety symptoms compared to participants in the control condition (ps < .01).ConclusionA guided paced breathing audiovisual intervention was feasible and had a significant positive impact on anxiety symptoms in Palestinian children compared to a control condition. Future research should examine whether the audiovisual guided breathing intervention significantly improves long‐term outcomes.
The effect of education on dental service utilization patterns in different sectors: A multiple mediation analysis
Authors: Ghanbarzadegan Arash , Mittinty Murthy , Brennan David S. , Jamieson Lisa M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate how education level affects dental service utilization patterns in the Australian adult population. This study tested how education level mediated these service patterns through behavioural mediators such as smoking, tooth brushing and oral health status and investigated these mediation effects in different dental service providers.MethodFollowing the flexible mediation approach, the direct and indirect effects of education through behavioural mediators on dental service utilization patterns (time of last dental visit, reason for last dental visit and frequency of seeking dental care) were calculated for the South Australian population from the Dental Care and Oral Health Study.ResultsParticipants with lower educational attainment were 33% (Odds Ratio: 0.67, 95% CI 0.56–0.78) and 38% (Odds Ratio: 0.62, 95% CI 0.53–0.74), less likely than their counterparts with higher education to visit a dentist or to receive dental care in the last 12 months, respectively. Low education was associated with a 23% increase in odds of receiving emergency and treatment services (Odds Ratio: 1.23, 95% CI 1.05–1.43) compared to routine dental check‐ups or examinations.ConclusionLow education, regardless of oral health behaviours and status, reduces the odds of dental service utilization in terms of frequency of seeking dental care and time of last dental visit. There is more tendency towards receiving emergency and treatment services compared to routine dental check‐ups or examinations in participants with lower educational attainment.
Familial transmission of chromoanagenesis leads to unpredictable unbalanced rearrangements through meiotic recombination
Authors: Masson Julie , Pebrel‐Richard Céline , Egloff Matthieu , Frétigny Mathilde , Beaumont Marion , Uguen Kevin , Rollat‐Farnier Pierre‐Antoine , Diguet Flavie , Perthus Isabelle , Le Gudayer Gwenaël , Haye Damien , Dupeyron Marie‐Noëlle Bonnet , Putoux Audrey , Raskin‐Champion Fabienne , Till Marianne , Chatron Nicolas , Doray Bérénice , Bardel Claire , Vinciguerra Christine , Sanlaville Damien , Schluth‐Bolard Caroline 
Published: December 2022

AbstractChromoanagenesis is a cellular mechanism that leads to complex chromosomal rearrangements (CCR) during a single catastrophic event. It may result in loss and/or gain of genetic material and may be responsible for various phenotypes. These rearrangements are usually sporadic. However, some familial cases have been reported. Here, we studied six families in whom an asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic parent transmitted a CCR to its offspring in an unbalanced manner. The rearrangements were characterized by karyotyping, fluorescent in situ hybridization, chromosomal microarray (CMA) and/or whole genome sequencing (WGS) in the carrier parents and offspring. We then hypothesized meiosis‐pairing figures between normal and abnormal parental chromosomes that may have led to the formation of new unbalanced rearrangements through meiotic recombination. Our work indicates that chromoanagenesis might be associated with a normal phenotype and normal fertility, even in males, and that WGS may be the only way to identify these events when there is no imbalance. Subsequently, the CCR can be transmitted to the next generation in an unbalanced and unpredictable manner following meiotic recombination. Thereby, prenatal diagnosis using CMA should be proposed to these families to detect any pathogenic imbalances in the offspring.
Esthetic and clinical outcomes after immediate placement and restoration: Comparison of two implant systems in the anterior maxilla—A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Parvini Puria , Trimpou Georgia , Begic Amira , Cafferata Emilio A. , Petsos Hari , Müller Katharina Melissa , Schwarz Frank , Eickholz Peter , Obreja Karina 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimTo assess the esthetic and clinical performance of a novel self‐tapping implant system for single‐tooth restorations in the esthetic zone after immediate placement and provisionalization.Materials and MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 52 patients contributing a total of 52 immediately placed and restored implants with ≥12 months after functional loading, comparing two different implant systems: Straumann® BLX (Institut Straumann AG, Basel, Switzerland; 25 patients) and Ankylos® (Dentsply Sirona, Hanau, Germany; 27 patients). As the primary outcome measure, peri‐implant tissue esthetics were assessed by means of pink esthetics score (PES) rated by three independent clinicians. Moreover, as secondary outcome measures, the peri‐implant tissue health was assessed by means of bleeding on probing, probing depth, and suppuration. Apart from that, the modified plaque index, keratinized mucosa width, and the presence of mucosal recessions were also assessed. When clinical signs suggested the possibility of peri‐implantitis, radiographs were indicated to assess progressive bone loss.ResultsThe mean PES ratings were 12.10 ± 1.10 for Ankylos versus 11.2 ± 1.86 for BLX, both achieving good esthetic results without significant differences (p = 0.143). There were no differences among most clinical parameters (plaque, bleeding on probing, probing depth, peri‐implant mucosal recession), although peri‐implant mucositis was present in one‐third of the cases. The inter‐rater agreement on esthetics was not significant (p < 0.250).ConclusionWithin the limitations of the present study, it was concluded that the use of either BLX or Ankylos implant systems was associated to comparable peri‐implant health and good pink esthetic outcomes during immediate implantation and restoration protocols, for at least 12 months.
An ImageJ‐based tool for three‐dimensional registration between different types of microscopic images
Authors: Koyama Hiroshi , Kishi Kanae , Mikoshiba Seiya , Fujimori Toshihiko 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) registration (i.e., alignment) between two microscopic images is very helpful to study tissues that do not adhere to substrates, such as mouse embryos and organoids, which are often 3D rotated during imaging. However, there is no 3D registration tool easily accessible for experimental biologists. Here we developed an ImageJ‐based tool which allows for 3D registration accompanied with both quantitative evaluation of the accuracy and reconstruction of 3D rotated images. In this tool, several landmarks are manually provided in two images to be aligned, and 3D rotation is computed so that the distances between the paired landmarks from the two images are minimized. By simultaneously providing multiple points (e.g., all nuclei in the regions of interest) other than the landmarks in the two images, the correspondence of each point between the two images, i.e., to which nucleus in one image a certain nucleus in another image corresponds, is quantitatively explored. Furthermore, 3D rotation is applied to one of the two images, resulting in reconstruction of 3D rotated images. We demonstrated that this tool successfully achieved 3D registration and reconstruction of images in mouse pre‐ and post‐implantation embryos, where one image was obtained during live imaging and another image was obtained from fixed embryos after live imaging. This approach provides a versatile tool applicable for various tissues and species.