bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contrasting Deep and Shallow Winter Warming over the Barents–Kara Seas on the Intraseasonal Time Scale
Authors: Li Juncong , Chen Xiaodan , Guo Yuanyuan , Wen Zhiping 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The vertical structure of Arctic warming is of great importance and attracts increasing attention. This study defines two types of Arctic warming events (deep versus shallow) according to their temperature profiles averaged over the Barents–Kara Seas (BKS), and thereupon compares their characteristics and examines their difference in generation through thermodynamic diagnoses. A deep Arctic warming event—characterized by significant bottom-heavy warming extending from the surface into the middle-to-upper troposphere—emanates from the east of Greenland and then moves downstream toward the BKS primarily through zonal temperature advection. The peak day of deep warming event lags that of the precipitation and resultant diabatic heating over southeast Greenland by about four days, suggesting that the middle-to-high tropospheric BKS warming is likely triggered by the enhanced upstream convection at the North Atlantic high latitudes. In contrast, a shallow warming event—manifested by warming confined within the lower troposphere—is preceded by the meridional advection of warm air from inland Eurasia. These anomalous southerlies over Eurasian lands during shallow warming events are related to the eastward extension of the deepened Icelandic low. During deep warming events, the in situ reinforcement of the Icelandic low favors abundant moisture transport interplaying with the southeast Greenland terrain, leading to intense precipitation and latent heat release there. Both deep and shallow warming events are accompanied by Eurasian cooling, but the corresponding cooling of the deep warming event is profoundly stronger. Further, intraseasonal deep Arctic warming events could explain nearly half of the winter-mean change in the warm Arctic–cold Eurasia anomaly.

Significance Statement
Divergent conclusions on whether Arctic warming is influencing the midlatitudes impede a clear understanding of the warm Arctic–cold Eurasia (WACE) phenomenon. Recent findings that on the interannual or longer time scales, Eurasian cooling tends to occur in the presence of deep rather than shallow Arctic warming have attracted increasing concern regarding the vertical structure of Arctic warming. On this basis, here we classify intraseasonal Arctic warming events into deep and shallow groups and contrast them from various aspects. Emerging near eastern Greenland and associated with upstream convection activities, intraseasonal deep Arctic warming events are accompanied by significant Eurasian cooling, largely determining the seasonal-mean WACE condition. However, caused by meridional temperature advection from Eurasian lands, shallow warming events less correlate with Eurasian cooling.
Effects of Clavien-Dindo Classification on Long-Term Survival of Patients With Advanced Gastric Cancer After Radical Resection: A Propensity Score-matched Study
Authors: Yan Wenwu , Zhu Lei , Wang Jinguo 
Published: September 2023

Background The impact of postoperative complications (POCs) classified by the Clavien-Dindo (C-D) system on long-term survival after radical resection in patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC) is not yet clear. Methods This study analyzed 531 patients with AGC who underwent radical resection in an institution between January 2015 and December 2017. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the occurrence of POCs and recorded according to C-D classifications. The long-term survival outcomes of the entire cohort after propensity score matching (PSM) were compared. Results After PSM, there was no significant difference in baseline data between the complications (C) group (n = 92) and the non-complications (NC) group (n = 92). Survival analysis showed that the 5-year overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) were lower in the C group (48.9% vs 62.0%, P = .040; 38.5% vs 54.9%, P = .005; respectively). Subgroup analysis showed that severe complications (C-D grade > II) were associated with a decrease in 5-year OS and RFS compared with the matched NC group (40.0% vs 62.0%, P = .008; 29.4% vs 54.9%, P = .001; respectively). Multivariate analysis confirmed adjuvant chemotherapy, tumor size, and complications were independent risk factors for poor survival outcomes. Further multivariate analysis showed that older age, combined excision, and comorbidities were independent risk factors for POCs. Conclusions Severe complications reduced the survival outcome of patients. More attention should be paid to perioperative management of patients with high risk factors for complications.
Representations of the COVID-19 Crisis in Argentina
Authors: Feierstein Daniel 
Published: September 2023

The initial search for a strategy to contain the COVID-19 in Argentina took place in a context of political agreements and strong social support. However, this climate of cooperation and consensus was short-lived, and the authorities were soon forced to turn to mitigation strategies. Emotional and ethical-moral considerations gradually displaced a rational, scientific approach to fighting the pandemic, and social representations of it became increasingly impervious to evidence. The results of this defeat of the precautionary principle were an unnecessarily large number of deaths and the undermining of the notions of community responsibility, rights, and mutual obligations. La búsqueda inicial de una estrategia para contener el COVID-19 en Argentina se dio en un contexto de acuerdos políticos y fuerte apoyo social. Sin embargo, este clima de cooperación y consenso duró poco, y las autoridades pronto se vieron obligadas a recurrir a estrategias de mitigación. Las consideraciones emocionales y ético-morales desplazaron gradualmente el enfoque racional y científico para combatir la pandemia, y las representaciones sociales de la misma se volvieron cada vez más impermeables a la evidencia. Los resultados de esta derrota del principio de precaución fueron un número de muertes innecesariamente grande y un deterioro en las nociones de responsabilidad comunitaria, derechos y obligaciones mutuas.
How do Students and Faculty Consider Numerical Ratings and Comments About Daily Quizzing when Interpreting Student Evaluations of Teaching?
Authors: Rivers Michelle L. , Babineau Addison L. , Neely Katherine P. , Tauber Sarah K. 
Published: September 2023

Background Student evaluations of teaching (SETs) are used to assess faculty performance, but prior research has identified sources of bias in the completion and interpretation of SETs. Objective We investigated how SET ratings and comments about quizzes are interpreted by faculty and undergraduates. Method Participants made judgments about teaching effectiveness after reviewing a fictional professor's SETs. SETs varied in whether the professor was rated lower or higher than the departmental average using quantitative measures, and whether qualitative comments about the professor mentioned daily quizzes. Results In Experiment 1, more positive evaluations were provided for SETs with higher ratings, whereas comments about quizzing minimally influenced evaluations; this pattern was similar for student and faculty responses. In Experiment 2, qualitative comments were presented in isolation. Student participants provided more positive evaluations for some measures of teaching effectiveness when regular quizzing was mentioned in student comments. Conclusion Quantitative SET ratings may overshadow qualitative comments about effective teaching practices yet qualitative ratings presented alone reveal some association between quizzing and evaluations of teaching. Teaching Implications SET interpretation should focus on effective pedagogy such as quizzing, which can aid student learning. We found no evidence that comments about quizzing lowered perceptions of teaching effectiveness.
An investigation of the electrical and thermal performances of the photovoltaic wall with different air gap thicknesses and modes in winter
Authors: Li Kai , Zhou Yan , Wei Difang , Jin Xiaoyu 
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the optimal air gap thickness of PV wall in different modes (unclosed, partially-enclosed, enclosed). Based on the heat transfer models and evaluation indexes of PV wall, the electrical and thermal performances are analyzed with experimental method and COMSOL software. The experimental results show that 100 mm thickness can be selected as the optimum size for air gap. The computed results show that PV wall with a 50 mm thickness fully enclosed air gap is the best, with a daily total energy savings of 328.06 Wh/m2, but it is not obvious compared with 100 mm. Therefore, the optimal scheme in winter is to use the 50∼100 mm thickness fully enclosed air gap. The exterior surface temperature of 50 mm and 100 mm enclosed air gap are significantly higher than the bare wall. They can increase equivalent thermal resistances by 0.41 and 0.51 m2·K/W, respectively. Furthermore, the reasons for the total energy savings decreasing with the increase enclosed air gap thickness are discussed. The results of this research can provide some guidance for the application of PV walls in similar climate regions and promote the development of building integrated photovoltaics.
Effect of COVID vaccination on monthly migraine days: a longitudinal cohort study
Authors: van der Arend Britt W. H. , Bloemhof Mirthe M. , van der Schoor Alle G. , van Zwet Erik W. , Terwindt Gisela M. 
Published: September 2023

Background This longitudinal cohort study aimed to investigate changes in migraine-related outcomes following COVID-19 infection and vaccination. Methods We identified 547 clinically diagnosed migraine patients from the Leiden Headache Center who kept a headache E-diary during the COVID-19 pandemic (February 2020 to August 2022). We sent a questionnaire to register their COVID-19 infection and/or vaccination dates. After applying inclusion criteria, n = 59 participants could be included in the infection analysis and n = 147 could be included in the vaccination analysis. Primary outcome was the change in monthly migraine days (MMD) between 1 month prior and 1 month post COVID-19 infection or vaccination. Secondary outcome variables were change in monthly headache days (MHD) and monthly acute medication days (MAMD). Results Vaccination against COVID-19 was associated with an increase in MMD (1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.57–1.55; p < 0.001), MHD (1.52; 95% CI = 0.91–2.14; p < 0.001) and MAMD (0.72; 95% CI = 0.33–1.12; p < 0.001) in the first month post-vaccination. COVID-19 infection solely increased the number of MAMD (1.11; 95% CI = 0.10–1.62; p < 0.027), but no statistically significant differences in MMD or MHD were observed. Conclusions Our findings imply that vaccination against COVID-19 is associated with an increase in migraine, indicating a possible role of inflammatory mediators in migraine pathophysiology.
Rotator Cuff Repair and Overlay Augmentation by Direct Interlocking of a Nonwoven Polyethylene Terephthalate Patch Into the Tendon: Evaluation in an Ovine Model
Authors: Meyer Dominik C. , Bachmann Elias , Darwiche Salim , Moehl Andrea , von Rechenberg Brigitte , Gerber Christian , Snedeker Jess G. 
Published: September 2023

Background: Arthroscopic repair of large rotator cuff tendon tears is associated with high rates of retear. Construct failure often occurs at the suture-tendon interface. Patch augmentation can improve mechanical strength and healing at this interface. Purpose: To introduce a novel technique for suture-free attachment of an overlaid patch and evaluate its biomechanical strength and biological performance. Study Design: Descriptive and controlled laboratory studies. Methods: An established ovine model of partial infraspinatus tendon resection and immediate repair was used. After a nonwoven polyethylene terephthalate patch was overlaid to the resected tendon, a barbed microblade was used to draw fibers of the patch directly into the underlying tissue. In vivo histological assessment of healing was performed at 6 and 13 weeks after implantation. Ex vivo models were used to characterize primary repair strength of the suture-free patch fixation to tendon. Additional ex vivo testing assessed the potential of the technique for patch overlay augmentation of suture-based repair. Results: The in vivo study revealed no macroscopic evidence of adverse tissue reactions to the interlocked patch fibers. Histological testing indicated a normal host healing response with minimal fibrosis. Uniform and aligned tissue ingrowth to the core of the patch was observed from both the tendon and the bone interfaces to the patch. There was no evident retraction of the infraspinatus muscle, lengthening of the tendon, or tendon gap formation over 13 weeks. Ex vivo testing revealed that direct patch interlocking yielded tendon purchase equivalent to a Mason-Allen suture (150 ± 58 vs 154 ± 49 N, respectively; P = .25). In an overlay configuration, fiber interlocked patch augmentation increased Mason-Allen suture retention strength by 88% (from 221 ± 43 N to 417 ± 86 N; P < .01) with no detectable difference in repair stiffness. Conclusion: Testing in an ovine model of rotator cuff tendon repair suggested that surgical interlocking of a nonwoven medical textile can provide effective biomechanical performance, support functional tissue ingrowth, and help avoid musculotendinous retraction after surgical tendon repair. Clinical Relevance: The novel technique may facilitate patch augmentation of rotator cuff repairs.
Factors Associated With Sports Function and Psychological Readiness to Return to Sports at 12 Months After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Cronström Anna , Häger Charlotte K. , Thorborg Kristian , Ageberg Eva 
Published: September 2023

Background: Sports function and psychological readiness to return to sports (RTS) are important outcomes when evaluating rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). It is, however, unclear which specific factors contribute most to these outcomes. Purpose: To determine associations between demographic characteristics, objective measurements of physical function, patient-reported outcome measure scores, sports-related function assessed with the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) Sport and Recreation subscale, and psychological readiness to RTS assessed with the Anterior Cruciate Ligament–Return to Sport after Injury (ACL-RSI) scale at 1 year after ACLR. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: At a mean of 12.5 ± 2.0 months after ACLR, 143 participants (50.3% female), with a mean age of 25.0 ± 5.7 years, were assessed for demographic characteristics, physical factors (hop performance, muscle strength, ankle and hip range of motion), and psychological factors (KOOS Pain and Symptoms subscales, Perceived Stress Scale, fear of reinjury) as well as the KOOS Sport and Recreation subscale and ACL-RSI scale. Backward linear regression models were used to evaluate factors associated with sports function and psychological readiness to RTS. Results: Lower isokinetic knee extension peak torque (limb symmetry index) (B = 18.38 [95% CI, 3.01-33.75]), lower preinjury activity level (B = 2.00 [95% CI, 0.87-3.14]), greater knee pain (B = 0.90 [95% CI, 0.70-1.10]), shorter time between injury and reconstruction (B = 0.16 [95% CI, 0.05-0.26]), and greater fear of reinjury (B = 0.11 [95% CI, 0.01-0.20]) were associated with a worse KOOS Sport and Recreation subscore ( R2 = 0.683). A shorter hop distance (B = 0.15 [95% CI, 0.00-0.29]) was associated with a lower ACL-RSI score ( R2 = 0.245). Conclusion: A combination of knee muscle strength, activity level, knee pain, timing of surgery, and fear of reinjury accounted for approximately 70% of the variation in sports function at 1 year after ACLR. In contrast, there was only 1 weak association between physical function and psychological readiness to RTS at this time point. Thus, factors associated with current sports function are much better known than features related to psychological readiness to RTS.
The Influence of Quadriceps Strength and Rate of Torque Development on the Recovery of Knee Biomechanics During Running After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Knurr Keith A. , Cobian Daniel G. , Kliethermes Stephanie A. , Stiffler-Joachim Mikel R. , Heiderscheit Bryan C. 
Published: September 2023

Background: After anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), altered surgical knee biomechanics during running is common. Although greater quadriceps strength is associated with more symmetrical running knee kinetics after ACLR, abnormal running mechanics persist even after resolution of quadriceps strength deficits. As running is a submaximal effort task characterized by limited time to develop knee extensor torque, quadriceps rate of torque development (RTD) may be more closely associated with recovery of running knee mechanics than peak torque (PT). Purpose: To assess the influence of recovery in quadriceps PT and RTD symmetry on knee kinematic and kinetic symmetry during running over the initial 2 years after ACLR. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 39 Division I collegiate athletes (106 testing sessions; 19 female) completed serial isometric performance testing and running analyses between 3 and 24 months after ACLR. Athletes performed maximal and rapid isometric knee extension efforts with each limb to assess PT and RTD between-limb symmetry indices (PTLSI and RTDLSI), respectively. Peak knee flexion difference (PKFDIFF) and peak knee extensor moment limb symmetry index (PKEMLSI) during running were computed. Multivariable linear mixed-effects models assessed the influence of PTLSI and RTDLSI on PKFDIFF and PKEMLSI over the initial 2 years after ACLR. Results: Significant main effects of RTDLSI ( P < .001) and time ( P≤ .02) but not PTLSI ( P≥ .24) were observed for both PKFDIFF and PKEMLSI models. For a 10% increase in RTDLSI, while controlling for PTLSI and time, a 0.9° (95% CI, 0.5°-1.3°) reduction in PKFDIFF and a 3.5% (95% CI, 1.9%-5.1%) increase in PKEMLSI are expected. For every month after ACLR, a 0.2° (95% CI, 0.1°-0.4°) reduction in PKFDIFF and a 1.3% (95% CI, 0.6%-2.0%) increase in PKEMLSI are expected, controlling for PTLSI and RTDLSI. Conclusion: Quadriceps RTDLSI was more strongly associated with symmetrical knee biomechanics during running compared with PTLSI or time throughout the first 2 years after ACLR.
Total Score of Athleticism: Profiling Strength and Power Characteristics in Professional Soccer Players After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction to Assess Readiness to Return to Sport
Authors: Maestroni Luca , Turner Anthony , Papadopoulos Konstantinos , Sideris Vasileios , Read Paul 
Published: September 2023

Background: There is no consensus on the optimal testing procedure to determine return-to-sport (RTS) readiness after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Current approaches use limb symmetry across a range of tests, but this does not consider a patient’s level of athleticism or benchmarks relative to his or her noninjured counterparts. Purpose: To examine the utility of the Total Score of Athleticism (TSA), a composite scale including strength, power, and reactive strength assessments, to aid RTS decision-making. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 95 professional soccer players (60 who underwent ACL reconstruction [mean age, 25.1 ± 12.6 years] and 35 who were uninjured [mean age, 23.8 ± 2.8 years]) completed a battery of tests including isokinetic knee extension and flexion torque, bilateral and unilateral countermovement jump height, relative peak power, and reactive strength index–modified. The TSA score (derived from Z scores) was calculated, and we (1) examined differences between the ACL-reconstructed and uninjured groups at the time of RTS, (2) assessed the predictive ability of the TSA to identify the player’s status (ACL reconstruction vs uninjured control), and (3) included a case series to discuss the characteristics of players who sustained a subsequent injury within 4 months after RTS. Results: A large difference between the ACL-reconstructed and uninjured groups in the TSA score ( d = 0.84; P < .0001) was evident. For every additional increase of 1 unit in the TSA score, the odds of belonging to the ACL-reconstructed group decreased by 74% (95% CI, 0.19-0.56). By visual inspection, the frequency of reinjured players was higher in the low (4/7) TSA tertile compared with the medium (2/7) and high (1/7) TSA tertiles. Conclusion: Preliminary evidence indicates that the TSA may be a useful RTS readiness tool, as the composite score derived from strength and power measures was different in soccer players at the time of RTS after ACL reconstruction compared with healthy matched controls. There was also a higher frequency of low TSA scores in players who sustained a second injury after RTS. Therefore, it is recommended to routinely administer RTS tests encompassing strength, power, and reactive strength qualities each season across the largest possible number of players (ideally teammates).
Mental health counseling is rated as most helpful by autistic adults: Service perspectives in adulthood
Authors: Chan Dara V , Doran Julie D 
Published: September 2023

The growing number of autistic adults challenges the limited adult service system. While data on service use and barriers are available, there is limited information from the individual’s perspective on which services are most helpful in adulthood and how service use is connected to community participation outcomes. Forty autistic adults participated in a study combining global positioning system community participation measures with survey and interview data on service use, including which services are most helpful in adulthood, barriers to services, and service needs. Participation outcomes were analyzed relative to demographics, number and types of services received in the past 2 years, and current mental health service use. Participants received an average of two services in the past 2 years, most frequently mental health and employment services. Individuals currently seeing a mental health counselor were more likely to be working full-time and visit more community locations compared to those who were not seeing a counselor. Participants reported mental health services as the most helpful service received in adulthood followed by employment services. While an emphasis is often placed on employment services in the transition to adulthood, findings suggest a need for integrated mental health and employment services for autistic adults. Lay Abstract The number of autistic adults is growing, but there are fewer services to support them in adulthood. Many autistic adults need some support services to lead successful adult lives. We know a lot about the services autistic adults use and some of the problems with using these services, but we do not know which services are most helpful to them and how the services they use relate to how they interact with their communities. Forty autistic adults took part in a study about service use and community participation. They completed surveys, interviews, and carried a global positioning system tracker. They answered questions about which services are most helpful in adulthood, things that make it hard to use services, and what services they needed. Most participants used two services in the past 2 years, most frequently mental health and employment services. Adults who were currently seeing a mental health counselor were more likely to be working full-time and visit more locations in the community compared to those who were not seeing a counselor. Mental health services were reported as the most helpful service they received as adults, followed by employment services. We often focus on the importance of employment services after high school, but our findings show a need for both mental health and employment services for autistic adults.