bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flexible centrifugally spun PVP based SnO2@carbon nanofiber electrodes
Authors: Yanilmaz Meltem , Abdolrazzaghian Elham , Chen Lei , Atıcı Bülin , Kim Juran 
Published: September 2023

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have attracted significant attention because of the abundant resource and low-cost of sodium. Furthermore, flexible and wearable functional electronics have been presented as one of the most important emerging technology. Carbon nanofibers are promising candidates for flexible electrodes due to their high electronic conductivity and high surface area, while it is vital to use non-petroleum-based polymers considering environmental concerns. Developing flexible nanostructured electrodes by using environment friendly polymers with a fast and low-cost technique is critical to develop high performance flexible electronics. Electrochemical properties are influenced by the morphology and average fiber diameters of nanofibers. In this study, poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) solutions with various concentrations and two different solvent systems (ethanol/water and ethanol/dimethylformamide) were successfully spun into nanofibers by the fast, safe, low-cost, and environment friendly technique of centrifugal spinning. The effect of solvent system and solution concentration was investigated by using scanning electron microscopy images, and the average fiber diameters varied from 436 nm to 3 µm. Moreover, nine different heat treatments were studied, and the effect of time and temperature during stabilization and carbonization on the morphology of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) was investigated. Furthermore, flexible carbon nanofibers were fabricated and used as binder-free anodes in sodium-ion batteries. In order to enhance the electrochemical properties of flexible CNFs, flexible SnO2@CNFs were fabricated by combining centrifugal spinning and heat treatment. The electrochemical performance of the flexible SnO2@carbon nanofiber anodes was evaluated by conducting galvanostatic charge/discharge tests and cycling voltammetry. A high rate of performance was also presented. The high reversible capacity of 400 mA h/g was delivered when flexible centrifugally spun PVP based SnO2@carbon nanofiber electrodes were used in SIBs.
Modal may in requests
Authors: Elsweiler Christine 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study applies House’s (1996, 2005) dimensions of cross-cultural differences as a diagnostic tool to investigate regional variation regarding two
pragmalinguistic requestive patterns with may in Scottish and English non-private letters (1500 to 1700). The
dimensional scheme proves a useful tool for explaining similarities and differences in the requestive behaviour in the two
varieties. It is shown that, in the sixteenth century, grounders with may are part of a set of downgrading
devices employed by letter-writers to counteract the directness and self-orientation particularly of performative requests in both
the Scottish and the English correspondence. Moreover, the dimensional analysis explicates the cross-varietal differences
regarding may in the seventeenth century correspondence by linking the rise of mitigating may in
performative requests in the Scottish letters to the increased self-orientation towards the letter-writer, which is not
counter-balanced by other downgraders.
The c-completion of Lorentzian metric spaces
Authors: Burgos Saúl , Flores José L , Herrera Jónatan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Inspired by some Lorentzian versions of the notion of metric and length space introduced by Kunzinger and Sämman (2018 Ann. Glob. Anal. Geom.
54 399–447), and more recently, by Müller (2022 arXiv:2205.01617), and Minguzzi and Suhr (2023 arXiv:2209.14384), we revisit the notion of Lorentzian metric space in order to later construct the c-completion of these general objects. We not only prove that this construction is feasible in great generality for these objects, including spacetimes of low regularity, but also endow the c-completion with a structure of Lorentzian metric space by itself. We also prove that the c-completion constitutes a well-suited extension of the original space, which really completes it in a precise sense and becomes sensible to certain causal properties of that space.
Potential and Feshbach s-wave resonances in coupled atomic collision channels
Authors: Andrade-Sánchez G , Romero-Rochín V 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We discuss s-wave scattering in an atomic binary collision with two coupled channels, tunable by an external magnetic field, one channel open and the other closed for the incident energies considered. The analysis is performed with a stylized model of square-well potentials. This simplification allows for a pedagogically thorough discussion of the different scattering resonances that appear in coupled channels. One of them, the potential resonances at vanishing energy, occurs as a bound state of the coupled system emerges, in turn, tuned at a very precise value of the external field. The other resonances, described by Feshbach theory, occur when the incident energy is near a bound state of the closed channel, as if it were decoupled from the open channel. These resonances exist for values of the external field above a particular threshold value. Besides the potential intrinsic value of this study in a quantum mechanics course, as the analysis can be performed with minor numerical calculations, it is also an aid for the understanding of current research advances in the exciting field of ultracold gases.
Use of life cycle assessment (LCA) to advance optimisation of radiological protection and safety
Authors: Wattier Bryanna D , Martinez Nicole E , Carbajales-Dale Michael , Shuller-Nickles Lindsay C 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a modelling technique used to determine the cradle-to-grave environmental and human health impacts from the production of a good or the provision of a service. Radiological protection may benefit from employing tools like LCA to obtain a broader perspective and enable comparison with analyses of non-radiological systems. Despite structural similarities to other well-established decision-aiding techniques (DATs), the impact assessment within LCA (i.e. LCIA) is not commonly used in the optimisation of radiological protection process. This paper provides a brief review of LCA, including LCIA, along with more traditional DATs (such as multi-attribute utility analysis) used in the optimisation process for comparison. Basic concrete shielding was considered as a simple, illustrative example; concrete attenuates emissions from a radiation source but is also associated with a financial cost as well as costs with respect to energy, material, and water use. LCA offers quantification of these and other key resources (termed ‘impact categories’). Ultimately, we offer that, depending on the circumstance, LCA can be a useful tool in radiological protection decision-making, complementing existing techniques.
A bidirectional long short-term memory network for electron density diagnostic with double probe
Authors: Wang Jin , Zhou Yu , Du Qing Fu , Chen Jia Yu , Xing Zan Yang , Li Yan Hui , Sun Qi , Guo Xin , Xie Xin Yao , Liu Zhen Ping , Li Guo Jun , Zhang Qing He 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The double probe method is a plasma in situ diagnostic technology. Compared with Langmuir single probe, it has less influence on the background plasma and can obtain relatively accurate results. However, it can only collect some high-energy electrons in the plasma, and cannot directly measure the electron density (N
e). In this paper, a double probe N
e diagnosis approach based on Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BLSTM) is proposed. After the training is completed, the accurate prediction of N
e can be realized by using the double probe data, which solves the problem that the double probe cannot directly measure N
e. In the plasma simulation environment of the laboratory, the plasma source is controlled to generate plasma with different densities, the current–voltage (I–V) characteristic data of the double probe at the same position are used as features, and the N
e calculated by the triple probe is used as the label to train the BLSTM model. The mean square error is used as the loss function, the root mean square error (RMSE) and the prediction accuracy (Acc) are used as the evaluation indicators. The BLSTM network is evaluated according to the evaluation indicators and the hyperparameters are adjusted. After about 100 iterations, the RMSE of the BLSTM network to N
e can be reduced to about 0.03. The final network is evaluated on a separate test set. The results show that in the range of 2 × 1013m−3–3 × 1014 m−3, the model can predict N
e more than 95% accurately. This approach extends the application of the double probe method and is of great significance for improving the accuracy of plasma diagnostic methods. If it is applied to ionospheric plasma diagnosis, it can reduce the amount of data collected by the probe and improve the spatial resolution of ionospheric detection.
Federated transfer learning with consensus knowledge distillation for intelligent fault diagnosis under data privacy preserving
Authors: Xue Xingan , Zhao Xiaoping , Zhang Yonghong , Ma Mengyao , Bu Can , Peng Peng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Fault diagnosis with deep learning has garnered substantial research. However, the establishment of a model is contingent upon a volume of data. Moreover, centralizing the data from each device faces the problem of privacy leakage. Federated learning can cooperate with each device to form a global model without violating data privacy. Due to the data distribution discrepancy for each device, a global model trained only by the source client with labeled data fails to match the target client without labeled data. To overcome this issue, this research suggests a federated transfer learning method. A consensus knowledge distillation is adopted to train the extended target domain model. A mutual information regularization is introduced to further learn the structure information of the target client data. The source client and the extended target models are aggregated to improve model performance. The experimental results demonstrate that our method has broad application prospects.
Retrieval of tropospheric delays from multi-GNSS observations in the polar region: effect factors and performance
Authors: Li Weiwei , Li Chunlei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Precise point positioning (PPP) technique is practical in estimating the zenith tropospheric delay (ZTD). To comprehensively study the factors affecting its accuracy in the polar region, different elevation cutoff angles for each single system and multi-system combination, different tropospheric mapping functions, tropospheric gradients and also seasonal variations are assessed. Meanwhile, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) products are adopted to validate the accuracy of PPP-derived ZTD. The results show that the root mean square (RMS) value of the estimated ZTD and ECMWF products is around 4 mm when the elevation cutoff angle is set to 10 degrees or less. From the view of system combination, it improves the ZTD accuracy in comparison with each individual system. The dual-system combination has 21.8%, 19.0% and 19.1% improvements in its ZTD accuracy compared with the Global navigation satellite system (GLONASS), Beidou navigation satellite system (BDS) and Galileo satellite navigation (GAL) systems. The four-system combination can reach 7.7% further improvement in ZTD estimation than that of the dual-system. For mapping functions, Vienna mapping function 3 (VMF3) function has the best accuracy among the four mapping functions of Niell mapping function (NMF), global mapping function, VMF1 and VMF3, while NMF does not perform as well as others. Considering the tropospheric gradients could get higher accuracy in ZTD estimation than ignoring them. The tropospheric delay estimated in winter is more accurate than that in summer and specifically the RMS value in winter is about 0.9 mm lower than that in summer. Overall, from investigation the estimation of ZTD in the polar region can be optimally handled with a multi-system and VMF3 mapping function at an elevation cutoff angle of 7°, considering the tropospheric gradients.
A personalized Monte Carlo study of tumor and critical organ doses for trans-arterial radioembolization patients
Authors: Bozkurt Ahmet , Toker Gul Demir , Erkilic Metin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Trans-arterial radioembolization (TARE) is an intra-arterial treatment method for liver malignancies. In this procedure, the therapeutic tumor dose is significant for predicting the treatment effectiveness while the dose absorbed in an organ at risk provides an understanding of its tolerance to radiation. This study proposes a Monte Carlo (MC) approach for determining absorbed organ doses for patients undergoing TARE treatment. The technique is based on the use of a voxel-based partial body model generated for each patient from his/her anatomical image data to represent the critical body structures more realistically. These structures are first segmented from image slices to create an image block which is then incorporated into a radiation transport package (MCNP6.2) to perform MC simulations. When used along with the parameters specific to a patient’s treatment, such as lung-shunt factor, tumor-to-normal liver ratio, fractional uptakes, and administered activity, this approach allowed more accurate simulation of radiation interactions and hence provided absorbed doses specific to a TARE patient. The MC method also calculated the absorbed doses in organs or tissues that were close to target tissues for which the Medical Internal Radiation Dose Committee (MIRD) formalism makes no predictions. MIRD calculations were found to overestimate the absorbed doses by as much as 11% in lungs, 5% in liver, and 20% in tumor volumes. This raises concerns about the treatment’s efficacy when estimating the correct activity to be administered to a patient. When each patient simulation was repeated with a 90Y source spectrum to reflect the distribution of varying beta energies, the liver and the lungs were observed to receive relatively lower doses than those obtained with monoenergetic beta particles. Thus, it can be stated that the approach adopted in this study offers a more precise model of the patient’s critical tissues and serves as a personalized dosimetric tool for TARE treatment planning.
Extensive entropy: the case of zero entropy defect
Authors: Livadiotis G , McComas D J 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper shows that the Rényi and Boltzmann-Gibbs (BG) extensive entropies share the same functional relationship with the nonextensive entropy associated with kappa distributions, which coincides with the well-known Havrda/Charvát/Daróczy/Tsallis (HCDT) entropy. We find that while the relationship between kappa/HCDT and Rényi entropies is merely a mathematical identity between their entropic statistical definitions, the relationship between kappa/HCDT and BG entropies is based on their thermodynamic connection. The latter connects the entropy between a system characterized by correlations among their all constituents (kappa/HCDT entropy) and the entropy of the same system but with no correlations among their constituents (BG entropy). The origin of this relationship, and its connection with thermodynamics, is examined using the concept of entropy defect, that is, the decrease in a system’s entropy caused by the presence of long-range correlations among its constituents; in the limiting case of zero correlations, the entropy defect vanishes and the entropy becomes extensive and expressed by the BG formulation.
Influence of microstructure on dielectric function and plasmonic properties of silver nanoparticles grown by solid state dewetting: a spectroscopic ellipsometry study
Authors: Gangwar Manvendra Singh , Agarwal Pratima 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This work reports the microstructure influence on dielectric function and plasmonic properties of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). Ag NPs with varying microstructures were grown on corning glass substrate by solid-state dewetting (SSD) of sputtered silver thin films deposited by varying RF power. Dielectric function and plasmonic properties of Ag NPs were investigated from spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) data using a quite unique model in terms of the combination of different oscillators. Drude–Lorentz model along with two Gauss oscillators was used to account for intraband, interband transitions and different modes of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of Ag NPs. It was observed that peak of imaginary part of pseudo dielectric function, which is due to LSPR of Ag NPs, shifted towards the lower energy at higher RF power due to increase in thickness of precursor films which subsequently resulted in to increase in particle size. A shift in the LSPR peak in absorbance spectra in UV–Vis-NIR spectroscopy was also observed. No LSPR peak is observed in SE or UV–Vis absorbance spectra for thick films deposited at high RF power due to the presence of continuous silver film even after annealing. This change in microstructure from nanoparticle formation to continuous films is also reflected in the values of void fraction and surface roughness calculated from SE using Bruggeman Effective Medium Approximation (BEMA). Field Emission Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to probe the microstructure of Ag NPs. Root mean square (RMS) roughness evaluated from AFM matched well with surface roughness measured from SE.
Characterization of incompletely coated D-shaped PCF-SPR refractive index sensors
Authors: Jiang Haoran , Shen Tao , Feng Yue , Liu Chi , Liu Xin , Han Jiaru , Hujun Tang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
To reduce the complexity of the sensor structure and improve the sensitivity of refractive index (RI) measurement, a D-shaped photonic crystal fiber (PCF) surface plasmon resonance (SPR) RI sensor with incomplete coating of gold-tantalum pentoxide (Au-Ta2O5) on the surface is proposed. When the coating width is 3.1 μm, the sensor can detect RI samples ranging from 1.35 to 1.41 in the ultra-wide near-infrared (NIR) region of 1100–2100 nm wavelength. Its maximum wavelength sensitivity is 20,000 nm RIU−1, maximum amplitude sensitivity is 2817.7 RIU−1, resolution is

5
×
10

−
6

RIU, and figure of merit (FOM) is 333.3 RIU−1. This sensor can be widely used in biological tissue detection. For this type of incomplete coated D-shaped sensor, the coating material and structural parameters not only affect the performance of the sensor, but also change the RI detection range, which has been ignored or not mentioned in previous literature on PCF-SPR sensors. Therefore, the reasons for the change of RI detection interval and negative optimization caused by structural parameters were analyzed, and two different sensors with different coating widths were finally obtained, which can achieve high sensitivity sensing in their respective detection intervals. The detailed research results expand the understanding of the SPR phenomenon in D-shaped PCF and provide theoretical guidance for adjusting and improving the detection performance of PCF-SPR sensors.
From WIMPs to FIMPs with low reheating temperatures
Authors: Silva-Malpartida Javier , Bernal Nicolás , Jones-Pérez Joel , Lineros Roberto A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWeakly- and Feebly-Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs and FIMPs) are among the best-motivated dark matter (DM) candidates. In this paper, we investigate the production of DM through the WIMP and FIMP mechanisms during inflationary reheating. We show that the details of the reheating, such as the inflaton potential and the reheating temperature, have a strong impact on the genesis of DM. The strong entropy injection caused by the inflaton decay has to be compensated by a reduction of the portal coupling in the case of WIMPs, or by an increase in the case of FIMPs. We pinpoint the smooth transition between the WIMP and the FIMP regimes in the case of low reheating temperature. As an example, we perform a full numerical analysis of the singlet-scalar DM model; however, our results are generic and adaptable to other particle DM candidates. Interestingly, in the singlet-scalar DM model with low-reheating temperature, regions favored by the FIMP mechanism are already being tested by direct detection experiments such as LZ and XENONnT.
Analyzing problematic issues of building information modeling (BIM) implementation by contractors
Authors: Kiet Tran Tuan , Kha Tran Thi , Thuan Truong Cong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Building information modeling (BIM) is the current and future trend in the implementation of projects. Even though BIM can benefit all project participants in various aspects, implementing BIM in practice is often encountered with various difficulties stemming from different sources, especially BIM implementation at the organizational level. This is because the ecosystem of BIM organizations are different from that of conventional ones. This study investigates the problematic issues concerning BIM implementation by construction contractors. It first compiled and identified 32 major problematic issues concerning contractors’ BIM implementation. The necessary data were compiled from extensive literature review and collected through a questionnaire survey. By applying factor analysis, this study deduced eight underlying dimensions of the challenges of BIM implementation. These results help contractors realize problematic issues while implementing BIM at the organizational level. They can subsequently choose appropriate responsive measures to address such problems. This can clearly enhance the achievement of BIM implementation in practice and guide contractors to optimization in schedules and distribute resources.
Identify benzene pollution, sources of benzene emission and suggest mitigation measures for Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Authors: Bang Ho Quoc , Khue Vu Hoang Ngoc , Nguyen Thoai Tam , Huynh Thi Thao Nguyen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), benzene concentration was higher than the benzene standard of Vietnam technical regulation for ambient air. However, there is a lack of consideration for benzene sources and mitigation suggestions. This study aims (1) to analyze benzene concentration in HCMC and (2) to calculate benzene emission from primary sources to identify the contribution of benzene from the main sources. Besides, we gave measures to reduce benzene pollution. Our case study is in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Vietnam. Firstly, we analyzed benzene concentration data from the Department of Environment and Resources. The data included 30 sampling locations in Ho Chi Minh City from familiar pollution sources: traffic (19 locations), industry (4 locations), resident areas (4 locations), and ambient regions (3 locations). Secondly, we used benzene emission results to identify the primary sources. Thirdly, we suggested mitigation measures to reduce the benzene concentration in HCMC. Compared to the National technical regulation of hazardous substances in the ambient air of Vietnam (QCVN 06:2009/BTNMT), the benzene concentration exceeded the Vietnamese standard. Significantly, the traffic had the highest contribution, up to 90% of total benzene emission, followed by industry and residential activity. Our findings gave a comprehensive picture of benzene pollution and the contribution of primary sources. We also suggested ten solutions to reduce benzene concentration in HCMC.The results can help the local government’s decision to focus to the significant sources and reduce the benzene pollution in HCMC.