bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Axonal ER Ca2+Release Selectively Enhances Activity-Independent Glutamate Release in a Huntington Disease Model
Authors: Mackay James P. , Smith-Dijak Amy I. , Koch Ellen T. , Zhang Peng , Fung Evan , Nassrallah Wissam B. , Buren Caodu , Schmidt Mandi , Hayden Michael R. , Raymond Lynn A. 
Published: March 2023

Action potential-independent (miniature) neurotransmission occurs at all chemical synapses, but remains poorly understood, particularly in pathological contexts. Axonal endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+stores are thought to influence miniature neurotransmission, and aberrant ER Ca2+handling is implicated in progression of Huntington disease (HD). Here, we report elevated miniature excitatory postsynaptic current (mEPSC) frequencies in recordings from YAC128 mouse (HD-model) neurons (from cortical cultures and striatum-containing brain slices – both from male and female animals). Pharmacological experiments suggest this is mediated indirectly by enhanced tonic ER Ca2+release. Calcium imaging, using an axon-localized sensor, revealed slow action potential (AP)-independent ER Ca2+release waves in both YAC128 and wild-type cultures. These Ca2+waves occurred at similar frequencies in both genotypes, but spread less extensively and were of lower amplitude in YAC128 axons, consistent with axonal ER Ca2+store depletion. Surprisingly, basal cytosolic Ca2+levels were lower in YAC128 boutons and YAC128 mEPSCs were less sensitive to intracellular Ca2+chelation. Together, these data suggest elevated miniature glutamate release in YAC128 cultures is associated with axonal ER Ca2+depletion but not directly mediated by ER Ca2+release into the cytoplasm. In contrast to increased mEPSC frequencies, cultured YAC128 cortical neurons showed less frequent AP-dependent (spontaneous) Ca2+events in soma and axons, although evoked glutamate release detected by iGluSnFR in brain slices was similar between genotypes. Our results indicate axonal ER dysfunction selectively elevates miniature glutamate release from cortical terminals in HD. This, together with reduced spontaneous cortical neuron firing, may cause a shift from activity-dependent to -independent glutamate release in HD, with potential implications for fidelity and plasticity of cortical excitatory signaling.Significance statementMiniature neurotransmitter release persists at all chemical neuronal synapses in the absence of action potential firing but remains poorly understood, particularly in disease states. We show enhanced miniature glutamate release from cortical neurons in the YAC128 mouse Huntington disease model. This effect is mediated by axonal ER Ca2+store depletion, but is not obviously due to elevated ER-to-cytosol Ca2+release. Conversely, YAC128 cortical pyramidal neurons fired fewer action potentials and evoked cortical glutamate release was similar between WT an YAC128 preparations, indicating axonal ER depletion selectively enhances miniature glutamate release in YAC128 mice. These results extend our understanding of action potential independent neurotransmission and highlight a potential involvement of elevated miniature glutamate release in Huntington disease pathology.
Decoding of Working Memory Contents in Auditory Cortex Is Not Distractor-Resistant
Authors: Deutsch Philipp , Czoschke Stefan , Fischer Cora , Kaiser Jochen , Bledowski Christoph 
Published: March 2023

Working memory enables the temporary storage of relevant information in the service of behavior. Neuroimaging studies have suggested that sensory cortex is involved in maintaining contents in working memory. This raised the question of how sensory regions maintain memory representations during the exposure to distracting stimuli. Multivariate pattern analysis of fMRI signals in visual cortex has shown that the contents of visual working memory could be decoded concurrently with passively viewed distractors. The present fMRI study tested whether this finding extends to auditory working memory and to active distractor processing. We asked participants to memorize the pitch of a target sound and to compare it with a probe sound presented after a 13 s delay period. In separate conditions, we compared a blank delay phase (no distraction) with either passive listening to, or active processing of, an auditory distractor presented throughout the memory delay. Consistent with previous reports, pitch-specific memory information could be decoded in auditory cortex during the delay in trials without distraction. In contrast, decoding of target sounds in early auditory cortex dropped to chance level during both passive and active distraction. This was paralleled by memory performance decrements under distraction. Extending the analyses beyond sensory cortex yielded some evidence for memory content-specific activity in inferior frontal and superior parietal cortex during active distraction. In summary, while our findings question the involvement of early auditory cortex in the maintenance of distractor-resistant working memory contents, further research should elucidate the role of hierarchically higher regions.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTInformation about sensory features held in working memory can be read out from hemodynamic activity recorded in human sensory cortices. Moreover, visual cortex can in parallel store visual content and process newly incoming, task-irrelevant visual input. The present study investigated the role of auditory cortex for working memory maintenance under distraction. While memorized sound frequencies could be decoded in auditory cortex in the absence of distraction, auditory distraction during the delay phase impaired memory performance and prevented decoding of information stored in working memory. Apparently, early auditory cortex is not sufficient to represent working memory contents under distraction that impairs performance. However, exploratory analyses indicated that, under distraction, higher-order frontal and parietal regions might contribute to content-specific working memory storage.
Characteristics of Older People’s Belief in Real and Fake News
Authors: Kairys Antanas , Jurkuvėnas Vytautas , Mikuličiūtė Vita , Ivleva Viktorija , Pakalniškienė Vilmantė 
Published: March 2023

Introduction. The spread of fake news on the internet is an increasingly serious problem. When analysing belief in fake news, people are usually treated as homogeneous group, however, previous studies suggest that different groups may exist. This study aims to identify clusters of older people according to their level of belief in real and fake news. Methods. 504 people aged 50 to 90 years (M=64.37, SD=9.10) participated in the study. Belief in true and false news was assessed using 10 news headlines (six false, four true). Respondents’ vaccination intentions and trust in democratic institutions were assessed. A cluster analysis was performed to distinguish between groups of respondents. Results. Four clusters were identified and replicated: moderately believing in fake and real news; believing in real but not in fake news; tending not to believe in either real or fake news; and tending to believe in both real and fake news. Individuals who fell into the cluster of believers in both real and fake news had lower intentions to vaccinate against COVID-19 and lower trust in political institutions. Conclusions. The study provides evidence that people aren’t homogeneous in their belief in fake and real news, and four meaningful clusters can be distinguished.
Getrenntes zusammenbringen
Authors: Ahuis Ferdinand 
Published: March 2023

Im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert war Hamburg eine Hamburgs der Hochburgen europäischer Hebraistik. Das 1613 gegründete Akademische Gymnasium schuf Professuren für Hebraistik oder – umfassender noch – für Orientalistik. Ein Name wie Hermann Samuel Reimarus ist mit diesen verbunden. Der eine oder andere dieser Lehrenden wurde darüber hinaus Hauptpastor.
Der promovierte Alttestamentler und Hauptpastor i. R. von St. Nikolai Ferdinand Ahuis hat die Nachlässe von neun seiner Vorgänger aus vier Jahrhunderten hinsichtlich deren Haltung gegenüber dem Judentum untersucht. Im vorliegenden Werk stellt er diese Persönlichkeiten vor, deren theologische Auslegungen des Alten Testaments die christliche Sicht auf das Judentum mitgeprägt haben.
Das Werk schließt mit einem virtuellen Dialog zwischen Hauptpastor und Bibelwissenschaftler Heinz Beckmann und Rabbiner und Bibelwissenschaftler Benno Jacob.
Effects of Neumann and Robin boundaries on the thermal instability
Authors: Lagziri Hajar , El Fakiri Hanae , El Bouardi Abdelmajid 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe thermo convective instability of the Darcy-Benard problem (DB) using Robin (third-kind) thermal conditions is investigated here. We consider a viscous Newtonian fluid saturating a porous layer in which the layer is sandwiched between two impermeable boundaries. The upper and the lower walls are modelled in the form of the Neumann (second-kind) and the Robin (third-kind) thermal conditions, respectively. The difference in the temperature distribution between both phases allows the lack of a local thermal equilibrium model to be present. As a consequence, the third kind of thermal condition brings about one extra dimensionless parameter of the Biot number to the usual one of the inter-heat transfer coefficient and the thermal conductivity ratio. The normal modes method adopted in a linear stability analysis gives rise to perturbed governing equations. The eigenvalue problem is handled numerically as a result of the perturbed governing equations leading to the marginal stability condition.
In-hospital outcomes of ST elevation myocardial infarction in post-COVID-19 patients
Authors: Chashchin M. G. , Strelkova A. V. , Gorshkov A. Yu. , Drapkina O. M. 
Published: March 2023

Aim. To study clinical and anamnestic data, as well as inhospital outcomes in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) with prior coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) compared with previously uninfected STEMI patients.Material and methods. This prospective study included 181 patients treated for STEMI. The patients were divided into 2 groups, depending on the anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG titer as follows: the main group included 62 seropositive patients, while the control group — 119 seronegative patients without prior COVID-19. Anamnesis, clinical and paraclinical examination, including electrocardiography, echocardiography, coronary angiography, were performed. Mortality and incidence of STEMI complications at the hospital stage were analyzed.Results. The mean age of the patients was 62,6±12,3 years. The vast majority were men (69,1% (n=125)). The median time from the onset of COVID-19 manifestations to STEMI was 60,00 [45,00; 83,00] days. According to, the patients of both groups were comparable the severity of circulatory failure (p>0,05). Coronary angiography found that in patients of the main group, Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) score of 0-1 in the infarct-related artery was recorded much less frequently (62,9% (n=39) vs, 77,3% (n=92), p=0,0397). Patients of the main group demonstrated a lower concentration of leukocytes (9,30*109/l [7,80; 11,40] vs 10,70*109/l [8,40; 14,00], p=0,0065), higher levels of C-reactive protein (21,5 mg/L [9,1; 55,8] vs 10,2 mg/L [5,1; 20,5], p=0,0002) and troponin I (9,6 ng/mL [2,2; 26,0] vs 7,6 ng/mL [2,2; 11,5], p=0,0486). Lethal outcome was recorded in 6,5% (n=4) of cases in the main group and 8,4% (n=10) in the control group (p=0,6409). Both groups were comparable in terms of the incidence of complications (recurrent myocardial infarction, ventricular fibrillation, complete atrioventricular block, stroke, gastrointestinal bleeding) during hospitalization (p>0,05).Conclusion. Patients with STEMI after COVID-19, despite a more burdened history and higher levels of C-reactive protein and troponin I, compared with STEMI patients without COVID-19, did not differ significantly in clinical status, morbidity, and inhospital mortality.
The Utility of Glasgow Prognostic Score as an Indicator of Mortality After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Authors: DÖNMEZ Esra , ÖZCAN Sevgi , ŞAHİN İrfan , OKUYAN Ertuğrul 
Published: March 2023

Aim
The Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) is a scoring system obtained by using inflammatory (C-reactive protein) and nutritional (albumin) parameters together, and it has been shown to have prognostic value in various cardiac pathologies in previous studies. In this study, we aimed to investigate the usability of the Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) in predicting 1-year mortality in patients who underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).
Method
Patients who underwent TAVI with the diagnosis of severe, symptomatic aortic stenosis in our hospital between 2013 and 2017 were included in this single center study retrospectively. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were obtained by reviewing patient files. GPS value was calculated by using C-reactive protein and albumin values which was obtained on admission to. Two groups were formed as survivors and non-survivors according to 1-year mortality data.
Results
A total of 170 patients were included in this retrospective study and 59 patients constituted the non-survivors group. History of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cerebrovascular disease were higher in non-survivors’ group. High STS-TAVR, Euro SCORE II and GPS levels were also higher in non-survivors group. High GPS value calculated with pre-procedural data was determined as a predictor of 1-year mortality.
Conclusion
The Glasgow Prognostic Score allows the evaluation of inflammation and nutritional status together, is a practical method that can be obtained from routine laboratory parameters. It can be used as a predictor of mortality in patients undergoing TAVI. It can guide clinicians in taking preventive measures to reduce mortality before the procedure.
Frequency and seasonal distribution of adenovirus and rotavirus in children diagnosed with acute gastroenteritis: A single centre experience
Authors: SERT Sadiye , ERAYMAN Berna 
Published: March 2023

Aim: We aimed to investigate the relationship between age, gender, and season with respect to the frequency of rotavirus and adenovirus antigens in stool specimens obtained from children one month to 18 years of age who were diagnosed with acute gastroenteritis.
Materials and Methods: The records of stool specimen analyses for 1960 patients with diagnosis of acute gastroenteritis at our hospital from January 2017 to August 2022 were retrospectively examined. The patient's admission year, season, gender, age, and stool viral antigen test results were retrospectively analyzed from the file records.
Results: Viral antigen was detected in stool specimen in 364 (13.8%) of the patients included in the study, while 92 (4.7%) of them were rotavirus and 180 (9.1%) were adenoviruses. We found that both rotavirus and adenovirus were most common in the children one month-2 years of age. In our study, rotavirus was most commonly detected in December and winter, while adenovirus was detected in March and spring. Twenty-six (28.2%) patients with rotavirus gastroenteritis and 68 (37.7%) patients with adenovirus gastroenteritis were hospitalized and treated.
Conclusion: Our study showed now that rotavirus and adenovirus, which are the agents of viral gastroenteritis, are seen at a substantial rate. Especially in children under the two years of age, the frequency of detection of viral agents is higher. Enteric adenovirus and rotavirus were detected more frequently in winter and spring. We suggest that viral gastroenteritis agents should be considered and examined in children with suspected gastroenteritis.
Is upper gastrointestinal system screening necessary in kidney transplant candidates?
Authors: DURAK Serdar , ERKUT Murat , FİDAN Sami , ALGÜL DURAK Beyza , COŞAR Arif Mansur 
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND
The aim of this study is to present and discuss upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopy findings in renal transplant candidates with a high incidence of gastrointestinal system diseases.
METHODS
Between January 2014 and December 2019, patients over the age of 18 who were on dialysis for chronic renal failure and renal transplant candidates at xxx University xxx Hospital were included in the study. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings and pathology results (atrophy, helicobacter pylori and intestinal metaplasia) of the patients were retrospectively evaluated by scanning from the electronic archive system of the hospital.
RESULTS
The study included 105 patients. 53 (50.5%) of the patients were male. The mean age of the patients was 44.09 ± 14.16 years and there was no statistically significant difference between male and female sexes (p=0.961). The most common endoscopic findings were pangastritis (44.8%), antral gastritis (27.6%) and esophagitis (16.2%). Only 4 (3.8%) patients had duodenal ulcer. Atrophy was positive in 3 (13%) of 23 patients, HP was positive in 19 (27.1%) of 67 patients and IM was positive in 17 (24.3%) of 56 patients.
CONCLUSIONS
Patients who are renal transplant candidates should be reviewed for indication of routine upper endoscopic examination before transplantation to prevent upper GI tract complications that may develop after transplantation.
MONITORAMENTO DA QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA EM HOSPITAIS: UM ESTUDO DESCRITIVO LONGITUDINAL PARA DETECÇÃO DE PONTOS CRÍTICOS
Authors: Oliveira Reis da Paixão Árina , Aparecida Nunes da Silva Kátia , Aurora Assunção Gouvêa Jhuly , Maria Araújo Garcia Janiny , Temponi de Melo Vanessa , Gomes da Costa Oliveira Felipe , César Pereira Reis Júlio , Moreira Húngaro Humberto , De Carvalho da Costa Juliana 
Published: March 2023

Em ambiente hospitalar a água é utilizada para as mais diferentes finalidades, como: consumo, processos de higienização e hemodiálise. O abastecimento regular e o monitoramento frequente da qualidade da água são fundamentais para garantir a segurança das atividades desenvolvidas. A Portaria de Consolidação n° 5 de 28 de setembro de 2017, do Ministério da Saúde, regulamenta os requisitos sensoriais, químicos e microbiológicos de potabilidade da água. No presente trabalho foi realizado um estudo longitudinal do monitoramento da qualidade da água utilizada em dois hospitais, identificando os seus principais pontos críticos. Para isso, foram analisadas 126 amostras de água coletadas nos anos de 2016 a 2019, das quais 80 foram provenientes do hospital A e 46 do hospital B. Ao longo dos quatro anos de estudo, observou-se variação na quantidade de amostras em desacordo com a legislação vigente. Também foi verificado que as amostras apresentaram inconformidades principalmente nas análises de cloro residual livre, 11,3% e 19,6%, e contagem de bactérias heterotróficas, 5,0% e 2,2%, nos hospitais A e B, respectivamente. Com isso, verifica-se a importância no monitoramento da qualidade da água em ambientes hospitalares, visando o cuidado à saúde dos funcionários e, em especial, dos pacientes.
Palavras-chave: Cloro Residual. Controle de Qualidade. Padrão de Potabilidade da Água.
PERFIL E DESFECHO DE PACIENTES COM DIABETES MELLITUS INTERNADOS EM TERAPIA INTENSIVA COM COVID-19
Authors: Vankevicius Costenaro Rocha Giulianna , Ribeiro Joathan Borges , Do Nascimento Joni Carlos , Lima Matos Naiara , Stavale Rafaelly , Jomara Lopes Francine 
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Analisar e comparar o perfil epidemiológico e desfechos clínicos dos pacientes diabéticos com coronavírus na UTI. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico coorte retrospectivo. A amostra foi composta por 271 pacientes divididos em 102 pacientes no grupo A (com diabetes mellitus) e 169 pacientes no grupo B (sem diabetes mellitus). Os dados analisados foram referentes aos meses de março a agosto de 2020. Resultados: Ambos os grupos foram predominados por pacientes do gênero masculino, e a média de idade entre 69 e 67 anos, com idade mais avançada no grupo dos diabéticos. Houve um predomínio no uso de VM e TQT pelos diabéticos 63,7% e 16,7%, respectivamente, assim como o tempo médio de VM. As principais complicações encontradas foram IRpA, SARA e infecções secundárias. Os pacientes diabéticos mostraram-se com maior desfecho negativo e maior tempo de internação. Conclusão: Ter diabetes associada à infecção por coronavírus mostrou piores prognósticos. É pertinente levar em consideração a necessidade de maior atenção aos cuidados com esta população.
MICROCEFALIA E SÍNDROME CONGÊNITA ASSOCIADA AO ZIKA VÍRUS: ASPECTOS SOCIOECONÔMICOS DAS FAMÍLIAS E VULNERABILIDADE SOCIAL EM UMA CAPITAL DO NORDESTE
Authors: Peixoto Marcus Valerius , Santos Silva Emilly Stephanie , Duque Andrezza Marques 
Published: March 2023

Introdução: A microcefalia é uma má formação congênita que ocasiona comprometimentos neurológicos estruturais e/ou funcionais. A relação entre a microcefalia e o vírus Zika, foi comprovada em 2015 e afetou principalmente a região Nordeste do país. Objetivos: Descrever os aspectos socioeconômicos das famílias com nascidos vivos com microcefalia pela síndrome congênita associada à infecção pelo vírus Zika. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico do tipo transversal com casos de microcefalia. Os dados foram coletados no período de 2016 a 2017, na cidade de Aracaju. Realizada busca ativa a partir de membros das equipes de atenção básica de todas as unidades de saúde da cidade e do serviço de referência para crianças com microcefalia. Resultados: A maioria das genitoras ocupavam-se de trabalhos domésticos (44,44%), com renda familiar de até 1 salário mínimo (74,07%) e com apenas um morador contribuindo na despesa familiar (81,48%). Residiam em imóveis alugados (37,04%), recebiam benefícios assistenciais (59,26%) e 85,19% não tinham plano de saúde. Raça/cor parda da genitora em 66,67% das entrevistadas e 92,59% realizaram pré-natal. Conclusão: Estudo evidenciou que os casos da microcefalia associada à infecção pelo vírus Zika estiveram predominantes nas famílias em condições socioeconômicas vulneráveis
ESTRUCTURA DE LAS REDES EMPRESARIALES PARA LA COOPERACIÓN INTERNACIONAL: ANÁLISIS DE REDES SOCIALES
Authors: Arjol Marina , Lía Marturet Florencia , Sebastián Barrete Eduardo 
Published: March 2023

El estudio analiza los flujos de relaciones sociales y estructuras de redes estratégicas empresariales locales como dinamizadoras de procesos de internacionalización en la región, y catalizadores de buenas prácticas en el proceso de cooperación productiva con la Subregión del Mercosur. Las redes sociales como sistemas complejos modelan las relaciones o interacciones existentes entre un conjunto de personas, grupos u organizaciones. El Análisis de Redes Sociales es el método aplicado centrado en el descubrimiento de patrones de interacción entre actores sociales (empresas) y su comportamiento en redes estratégicas empresariales. En este marco, el estudio implica una perspectiva relacional y reticular de 23 empresas industriales exportadoras, especialmente con Brasil, que integran las Asociaciones empresariales del clúster local sectorial de la madera. La posición de red y las relaciones estratégicas, se utilizan para explorar los comportamientos a nivel individual de empresas y a la red en su conjunto, que permiten identificar los patrones similares y roles de los actores en las relaciones y flujos de la actividad empresarial en la cooperación internacional.
Las Asociaciones empresariales actúan como puente para consolidar mejores vínculos y relaciones más fluidas. Si bien las grandes empresas están en mejores condiciones de absorber las ventajas relacionales, sin la presencia de un decisor central en una red densa y heterogénea, supondría que la toma de decisiones y la gestión de toda la red, en especial las pequeñas y medianas empresas, podrían derivar en acciones colectivas en la articulación regional.