bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The landscape of investigator‐initiated oncology trials conducted in mainland China during the past decade (2010–2019)
Authors: Cao Ye , Ye Lin‐Miao , Fan Zhong , Yang Wei , Chen Li‐Ying , Mei Yun , He De‐Ying , Mo Wen‐Jin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe number of clinical trials conducted in mainland China, including investigator‐initiated trials (IITs), has increased rapidly in recent years. However, there are few data on the characteristics of cancer‐related IITs. We performed a comprehensive analysis of the landscape of cancer‐related IITs in mainland China in the past decade. All cancer‐related IITs registered on two clinical trial registries in the United States (www.clinicaltrials.gov, CT.gov) and mainland China (www.chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR) from 2010 to 2019 were identified. IITs were reviewed manually to validate classification, subcategorized by cancer type, and stratified by design characteristics to facilitate comparison across cancer types and with other specialties. A total of 8199 cancer‐related IITs were identified. The number of trials registered annually increased over time, especially in the last 5 years. Although interventional studies were predominant, randomized double‐blind studies accounted for only 8% of IITs. In the past decade, the trend for interventional studies conducted with different drugs increased year on year, although the increase in hormonal therapy IITs was not significant. Additionally, cancer‐related IITs were unevenly geographically distributed, with half concentrated in the economically developed cities Shanghai, Beijing, and Guangdong. We also found an increase in registration before participant enrollment (64.9% for trials in conducted in 2015–2019 vs. 40.2% in 2010–2014, p < 0.001) and data monitoring committee use (44.5% vs. 40.0%, p = 0.001) and a decrease in randomization (51.5% vs. 62.7%, p < 0.001) and funding (36.4% vs. 56.3%, p < 0.001) between these periods. We also observed changes in intervention type (decrease in cytotoxic drug therapy [34.8% vs. 48.9%, p < 0.001]; increase in targeted therapy [17.8% vs. 14.2%, p = 0.004], immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy [6.6% vs. 0.0%, p < 0.001], and immune cell therapy [9.6% vs. 4.5%, p < 0.001]). Details of cancer‐related IITs conducted during the past decade illustrate the merits of oncology research in mainland China. Although the increased quantity of IITs is encouraging, limitations remain regarding the quality of clinical trials, regional imbalances, and funding allocation.
Unusual presentation of colon cancer as rectal prolapse in middle‐aged male
Authors: Penton Ashley A. , Jochum Sarah B. , Eberhardt Joshua M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRectal prolapse is typically a benign idiopathic condition. Rarely, rectal prolapse can be due to or associated with colorectal carcinoma. Here we present a middle‐aged gentleman with no previous medical or surgical history, who presented with rectal prolapse secondary to sigmoid adenocarcinoma.
Regioselective Reduction of NAD+ to 1,4‐NADH with a Bioinspired Metal Sulfide Electrocatalyst
Authors: Tian Shujie , Lu Sheng‐Mei , Liu Taifeng , Liu Fengyuan , Feng Chengcheng , Zhang Xianwen , Zhang Hefeng , Ding Chunmei , Li Can 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(P)H) is an important energy carrier and charge transfer mediator in organisms. The efficient and regioselective reduction of NAD(P)+ to NAD(P)H is of significance in biocatalysis, nature and artificial photosynthesis, but remains challenging with artificial heterogeneous catalysts. Inspired by nature oxidoreductases where active centers are transition metal sulfide clusters, here we report that CoMo2.75Sx is efficient for the regiospecific electrocatalytic reduction of NAD+ to NADH, achieving a selectivity as high as 89 % for 1,4‐NADH. It is found that the adsorbed hydrogen and hydride formed on electrode surface are crucial for the selective formation of 1,4‐NADH. Based on isotopic effect, the C−H bond formation process by hydride transfer to NAD+ is inferred to be the rate‐determining step for NADH formation, which mimics enzyme catalyzed NADP+ reduction process in nature photosynthesis.
Batterierecycling–Technologien im Überblick
Authors: Dolotko Oleksandr , Knapp Michael , Ehrenberg Helmut 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLithium‐Ionen‐Batterien stellen eine große Herausforderung für die Abfallwirtschaft dar. Gleichzeitig können Batterieabfälle auch eine interessante Geschäftsmöglichkeit bieten. Sie stellen eine wertvolle Sekundärquelle von LIB‐Materialien dar und können durch deren Nutzung die starke Abhängigkeit von Rohstofflieferanten zumindest in Teilen reduzieren.
Sicherer Umgang mit Gefahrstoffen
Authors: Zang Martin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIm Herstellungsprozess von Lithium‐Ionen‐Batterien werden gefährliche Flüssigkeiten in großen Mengen benötigt. An die Bevorratung und Verteilung werden daher besondere Anforderungen gestellt. Das betrifft zum einen die vorschriftengerechten Rahmenbedingungen, wie auch die verfahrenstechnische Handhabung. Eine wesentliche Rolle spielt die Sicherheitstechnik.
PROTOCOL: Risk and strength factors that predict criminal conduct among under‐represented genders and sexual minorities: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Chambers Aminah , Brown Shelley , Peterson‐Badali Michele 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The objective of this review is to synthesize the evidence to identify risk and strength factors that predict the criminal offending in underrepresented genders and sexual minorities.
PROTOCOL: Interview and interrogation methods and their effects on true and false confessions: An update and extension
Authors: Catlin Mary , Wilson David B. , Redlich Allison D. , Bettens Talley , Meissner Christian A. , Bhatt Sujeeta , Brandon Susan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The objective is to assess the effects of interrogation approach on confession outcomes for criminal (mock) suspects.
The spectrum of angiography‐derived IMR according to morphological and physiological coronary stenosis in patients with suspected myocardial ischemia
Authors: Wang Bo , Gao Yue , Zhao Yifan , Xu Chong , Zhao Song , Li Hailing , Zhang Yi , Xu Yawei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundCoronary microvascular dysfunction is crucial in determining myocardial ischemia; however, the relationship between epicardial coronary diameter stenosis (DS) and the index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR) remains unclear. We sought to explore the distribution of coronary angiography‐derived IMR (angio‐IMR) in patients with suspected myocardial ischemia.MethodsThe study included 480 patients with suspected myocardial ischemia, all of whom underwent coronary angiography. According to the severity of coronary DS, patients were divided into three groups: mild (DS < 50%), intermediate (DS 50%–70%), and severe (DS > 70%). Angio‐IMR and fractional flow reserve (FFR) were calculated based on coronary angiography images through the principle of computational flow and pressure simulation.ResultsOf the 480 patients, the mean age was 67.23 ± 9.44 years, with 55.4% male. There were 193 (40.2%) patients in the mild group, 189 (39.4%) patients in the intermediate group, and 98 (20.4%) patients in the severe group. The average angio‐IMR of the mild group was 30.8 ± 14.9, which was significantly higher than those of the intermediate group (26.7 ± 13.0) and the severe group (17.9 ± 8.4) (p < .001). In the correlation analysis, angio‐IMR was negatively correlated with DS (rho = −0.331, p = .001) and positively correlated with angio‐FFR (rho = 0.483, p < .001). By multivariate logistic regression analysis, angio‐FFR ≤ 0.8 (odds ratio, 0.184; 95% confidence interval, 0.106–0.321) was the only independent predictor of coronary microvascular dysfunction.ConclusionIn patients with suspected myocardial ischemia, coronary microcirculation is significantly associated with morphological and physiological coronary stenosis. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05435898)
The role of ubiquitin pathway‐mediated regulation of immune checkpoints in cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Zhou Xiaoming , Fu Chengxiao , Chen Xisha 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWith the continuous cognition of the relationship between tumor cells and tumor immune microenvironment, immunotherapy based on the immune checkpoint blockade has achieved great breakthroughs, led to improved clinical outcomes, and prolonged survival for cancer patients in recent years. Nevertheless, the de novo or acquired resistance to immunotherapy has greatly counteracted the efficacy, leading to a 20%–40% overall response rate. Thus, further in‐depth understanding of the regulation of the tumor microenvironment and antitumor immunity is urgently warranted. Ubiquitination‐mediated protein degradation plays vital roles in protein stabilization, activation, and dynamics as well as in cellular homeostasis modulation. The dysregulated ubiquitination and deubiquitination are closely related to the changes in physiological and pathological processes, which subsequently result in a variety of diseases including cancer. In this review, the authors first summarize the current knowledge about the involvement of the ubiquitin‐proteasome system in tumor development with the ubiquitin conjugation‐regulated stability of p53, phosphatase and tensin homolog, and Myc protein as examples, then dissect the potential implications of ubiquitination‐mediated immune checkpoints degradation in tumor microenvironment and immune responses, and finally discuss the effects of therapeutically targeting the ubiquitin‐proteasome pathway on immunotherapy, with the goal of providing deep insights into the exploitation of more precise and effective combinational therapy against cancer.
Vitamin D supplementation and incident dementia: Effects of sex, APOE, and baseline cognitive status
Authors: Ghahremani Maryam , Smith Eric E. , Chen Hung‐Yu , Creese Byron , Goodarzi Zahra , Ismail Zahinoor 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionDespite the association of vitamin D deficiency with incident dementia, the role of supplementation is unclear. We prospectively explored associations between vitamin D supplementation and incident dementia in 12,388 dementia‐free persons from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center.MethodsBaseline exposure to vitamin D was considered D+; no exposure prior to dementia onset was considered D−. Kaplan–Meier curves compared dementia‐free survival between groups. Cox models assessed dementia incidence rates across groups, adjusted for age, sex, education, race, cognitive diagnosis, depression, and apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4. Sensitivity analyses examined incidence rates for each vitamin D formulation. Potential interactions between exposure and model covariates were explored.ResultsAcross all formulations, vitamin D exposure was associated with significantly longer dementia‐free survival and lower dementia incidence rate than no exposure (hazard ratio = 0.60, 95% confidence interval: 0.55–0.65). The effect of vitamin D on incidence rate differed significantly across the strata of sex, cognitive status, and APOE ε4 status.DiscussionVitamin D may be a potential agent for dementia prevention.Highlights
In a prospective cohort study, we assessed effects of Vitamin D on dementia incidence in 12,388 participants from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center dataset.
Vitamin D exposure was associated with 40% lower dementia incidence versus no exposure.
Vitamin D effects were significantly greater in females versus males and in normal cognition versus mild cognitive impairment.
Vitamin D effects were significantly greater in apolipoprotein E ε4 non‐carriers versus carriers.
Vitamin D has potential for dementia prevention, especially in the high‐risk strata.
Habitat complexity, connectivity, and introduced fish drive pond community structure along an urban to rural gradient
Authors: Trovillion Daniel C. , Sauer Erin L. , Shay Gabrielle , Crone Erin R. , Preston Daniel L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUrbanization can influence local richness (alpha diversity) and community composition (beta diversity) in numerous ways. For instance, reduced connectivity and land cover change may lead to the loss of native specialist taxa, decreasing alpha diversity. Alternatively, if urbanization facilitates nonnative species introductions and generalist taxa, alpha diversity may remain unchanged or increase, while beta diversity could decline due to the homogenization of community structure. Wetlands and ponds provide critical ecosystem services and support diverse communities, making them important systems in which to understand the consequences of urbanization. To determine how urban development shapes pond community structure, we surveyed 68 ponds around Madison, Wisconsin, USA, which were classified as urban, greenspace, or rural based on surrounding land use. We evaluated how landscape and local pond factors were correlated with the alpha diversity of aquatic plants, macroinvertebrates, and aquatic vertebrates. We also analyzed whether surrounding land use was associated with changes in community composition and the presence of specific taxa. We found a 23% decrease in mean richness (alpha diversity) from rural to urban pond sites and a 15% decrease from rural to greenspace pond sites. Among landscape factors, adjacent developed land, mowed lawn cover, and greater distances to other waterbodies were negatively correlated with observed pond richness. Among pond level factors, habitat complexity was associated with increased richness, while nonnative fishes were associated with decreased richness. Beta diversity was relatively high for all ponds due to turnover in composition between sites. Urban ponds supported more nonnative species, lacked a subset of native species found in rural ponds, and had slightly higher beta diversity than greenspace and rural ponds. Our results suggest that integrating ponds into connected greenspaces, maintaining riparian vegetation, preventing nonnative fish introductions, and promoting habitat complexity may mitigate the negative effects of urbanization on aquatic richness. While ponds are small in size and rarely incorporated into urban conservation planning, the high beta diversity of distinct pond communities emphasizes their importance for supporting urban biodiversity.
Discriminating promiscuous from target‐specific autoantibodies in COVID‐19
Authors: Lebedin Mikhail , García Clara Vázquez , Spatt Lisa , Ratswohl Christoph , Thibeault Charlotte , Ostendorf Lennard , Alexander Tobias , Paul Friedemann , Sander Leif Erik , Kurth Florian , de la Rosa Kathrin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDiverse autoantibodies were suggested to contribute to severe outcomes of COVID‐19, but their functional implications are largely unclear. ACE2, the SARS‐CoV‐2 receptor and a key regulator of blood pressure, was described to be one of many targets of autoantibodies in COVID‐19. ACE2 in its soluble form (sACE2) is highly elevated in the blood of critically ill patients, raising the question of whether sACE2:spike complexes induce ACE2 reactivity. Screening 247 COVID‐19 patients, we observed elevated sACE2 and anti‐ACE2 IgG that were poorly correlated. Interestingly, levels of IgGs recognizing ACE2, IFNα2, and CD26 strongly correlated in severe COVID‐19, with 15% of sera showing polyreactivity versus 4.1% exhibiting target‐directed autoimmunity. Promiscuous autoantibodies failed to impair the activity of ACE2 and IFNα2, while only specific anti‐IFNα2 IgG compromised cytokine function. Our study suggests that the detection of autoantibodies in COVID‐19 is often attributed to a promiscuous reactivity, potentially misinterpreted as target‐specific autoimmunity with functional impact.
Investigation of pain sensitivity following 3 nights of disrupted sleep in healthy individuals
Authors: Hertel E. , McPhee M. E. , Petersen K. K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundPoor quality sleep is a common complaint among people with chronic pain. The co‐occurrence of poor sleep quality and chronic pain often comes with increased pain intensity, more disability and a higher cost of healthcare. Poor sleep has been suggested to affect measures of peripheral and central pain mechanisms. To date, sleep provocations are the only models proven to affect measures of central pain mechanisms in healthy subjects. However, there are limited studies investigating the effect of several nights of sleep disruption on measures of central pain mechanisms.MethodsThe current study implemented three nights of sleep disruption with three planned awakenings per night in 30 healthy subjects sleeping at home. Pain testing was conducted at the same time of day at baseline and follow‐up for each subject. Pressure pain thresholds were assessed bilaterally on the infraspinatus and gastrocnemius muscles. Using handheld pressure algometry, suprathreshold pressure pain sensitivity and area were also investigated on the dominant infraspinatus muscle. Cuff‐pressure pain detection and tolerance thresholds, temporal summation of pain and conditioned pain modulation were investigated using cuff‐pressure algometry.ResultsTemporal summation of pain was significantly facilitated (p = 0.022), suprathreshold pain areas (p = 0.005) and intensities (p < 0.05) were significantly increased, and all pressure pain thresholds were decreased (p < 0.005) after sleep disruption compared to baseline.ConclusionsThe current study found that three consecutive nights of sleep disruption at home induced pressure hyperalgesia and increased measures of pain facilitation in healthy subjects, which is consistent with previous findings.SignificancePoor quality of sleep is often experienced by patients with chronic pain, with the most common complaint being nightly awakenings. This exploratory study is the first to investigate changes in measures of central and peripheral pain sensitivity in healthy subjects after sleep disruptions for three consecutive nights without any restrictions on total sleep time. The findings suggest that disruptions to sleep continuity in healthy individuals can induce increased sensitivity to measures of central and peripheral pain sensitization.
A new digital surface crack image monitoring technology for coal failure
Authors: Li Yankui , Qiao Xiaoguang , Nie Baisheng , Wu Shiyue , Zhao Tao , Huang Yuxi , Zhang Xinghua 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe experimental study on the variation law of coal fracture and stress was carried out in the laboratory and engineering fields, respectively. A multiparameter monitoring system including electromagnetic radiation and a high‐speed camera was built, and three stress paths, uniaxial compression, cyclic loading, and graded loading, were used to monitor the dynamic expansion process of surface cracks during uniaxial compression failure of coal specimens. Through the quantitative analysis of the electromagnetic radiation signal in the crack propagation process, it is found that the electromagnetic radiation and the stress change trend are consistent, and the electromagnetic radiation signal is ahead of the failure of coal‐generating rock mass 1–2 s. The surface crack changes after the peak value of electromagnetic radiation and presents a stepwise growth trend, crack length changes on the millisecond time scale, and the crack propagation speed is about 2000 mm/s. The surface cracks appear when the stress reaches a certain degree, and the propagation of the principal cracks is consistent with the failure of the specimen. The electromagnetic radiation value of the coal mass from static period to dynamic is analyzed by using electromagnetic radiation at the engineering site, and it was found that the electromagnetic radiation is consistent with the stress distribution of the mining face. Through normalization, the variation rule of electromagnetic radiation in laboratory and engineering sites is similar, but the peak value of electromagnetic radiation in engineering sites is more significant. Therefore, electromagnetic radiation has a good monitoring effect on the stress distribution and cracks propagation of underground coal mining working faces, which could guide the layout of underground drilling.
It goes both ways: The relationship between anxiety and mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Jain Neha , Wang Yueting , Zhang Yingjin , Jacobsen Erin , Andreescu Carmen , Snitz Beth E. , Chang Chung‐Chou H. , Ganguli Mary 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between anxiety and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and whether it is mediated by perceived stress, at the population level.Method and designIn a longitudinal study of 368 adults aged 65+ from a population‐based cohort, we annually assessed anxiety symptoms (GAD‐7), perceived stress (PSS‐4), and ratings on the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR®), where CDR = 0.5 was operationalized as MCI. Examining data from three consecutive assessment waves, we first determined the associations between anxiety at the first wave with MCI at the third wave, and vice versa. We then used mediation analyses to determine whether the pathways in both directions were mediated by perceived stress at the second wave, adjusting for demographics and other relevant covariates.ResultsWe confirmed significant bidirectional longitudinal associations between anxiety and MCI. Perceived stress was detected as a significant mediator for both pathways between anxiety and MCI, explaining 37.1% of the total effect (TE) of anxiety on incident MCI while conversely explaining 27.1% of the TE of MCI on anxiety.ConclusionsA bidirectional relationship with a 2‐year lag between anxiety and MCI was mediated through perceived stress. Clinicians should be sensitive both to potential consequent anxiety when patients present with cognitive impairment, and to potential incipient MCI when the presenting complaint is anxiety. Managing stress may help mitigate adverse outcomes.
Prioritizing sufficient dose to gross tumor volume over normal tissue sparing in intensity‐modulated radiotherapy treatment of T4 nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Chen Yanyan , Zhang Quxia , Lu Tianzhu , Hu Cairong , Zong Jingfeng , Xu Yun , Zheng Wei , Chen Lisha , Lin Senan , Qiu Sufang , Xu Luying , Pan Jianji , Guo Qiaojuan , Lin Shaojun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), priority is often given minimize dose to the critical organs at risk (OARs) to avoid potential morbid sequelae. However, in T4 NPC, dosimetric inadequacy enforced by dose constraints on OARs may significantly impact tumor control.MethodsThis was a single‐institute cohort that patients diagnosed between July 2005 and December 2010 with T4 NPC treated with IMRT. All patients were re‐classification according to the 7th‐AJCC stage.ResultsOverall, the average doses such as Dmax, D1%, D2% and D1cc for various Central nervous system (CNS) OARs including brainstem, optic nerve, chiasm, temporal lobes and spinal cord were found to exceed published guidelines as RTOG0225. However, no clinical toxicities were seen during the follow‐up period except for 13% patients with temporal lobe necrosis.ConclusionOur retrospective review showed that its feasible to maximize gross tumor volume dose coverage while exceeding most CNS OAR constraint standards, with ideal local control and no obvious increase of craniocerebral toxicity.