bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical study on shear capacity of geometrically similar RC interior beam‐column joints
Authors: Jin Liu , Miao Liyue , Du Xiuli 
Published: December 2022

AbstractReinforced concrete (RC) beam‐column joints often present brittle shear failure in the core area. The objective of the study is to study the effects of stirrup ratio and axial load ratio on the shear capacity of geometrically similar beam‐column joints having different structural sizes. In this work, a series of 3D mesoscale simulations on the shear failure of RC beam‐column joints were conducted and validated, in which the concrete heterogeneity was considered explicitly. The simulation results indicate that stirrups can improve the shear strength of joints, enhance the ductility, improve deformation ability, while weaken the size effect on the nominal shear strength. Moreover, the increasing axial load ratio would lead to the increase of shear strength, as well as the increase of size effect. Based on the modeling results, a novel semiempirical and semitheoretical size effect law considering the quantitative effect of stirrups and axial load ratio was proposed. In addition, the proposed size effect law was verified against with some available test data.
Perspective: Simultaneous treatment of relativity, correlation, and QED
Authors: Liu Wenjian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractElectronic structure calculations of many‐electron systems should in principle treat relativistic, correlation, and quantum electrodynamics (QED) effects simultaneously to a high precision, so as to match experimental measurements as close as possible. While both relativistic and QED effects can readily be built into the many‐electron Hamiltonian, electron correlation is more difficult to describe due to the exponential growth of the number of parameters in the wave function. Compared with the spin‐free case, spin–orbit interaction results in the loss of spin symmetry and concomitant complex algebra, thereby rendering the treatment of electron correlation even more difficult. Possible solutions to these issues are highlighted here.This article is categorized under:
Electronic Structure Theory > Ab Initio Electronic Structure Methods
Physiological peristaltic flow of Jeffrey fluid inside an elliptic cross section with heat and mass transfer: Exact solutions through Polynomial solution technique
Authors: Nadeem Sohail , Akhtar Salman , Akkurt Nevzat , Saleem Anber , Almutairi Shahah , Ghazwani Hassan Ali 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAn interpretation of heat and mass transfer for the peristaltic flow of a non‐Newtonian Jeffrey fluid inside a duct having an elliptic cross‐section is mathematically investigated. We have considered constant heat absorption for the present study and a descriptive heat as well as mass transfer analysis is carried out. Exact solutions are computed by utilizing a polynomial solution technique to solve the dimensionless partial differential equations appearing in the problem. A purposeful and detailed graphical assessment is provided for the final mathematical results. Velocity as well as temperature profiles attain highest value at the core region of duct while these profiles gradually decline toward duct boundaries. The incrementing value of λ1 is resulting in an increase of flow and since λ1 is the dimensionless ratio of relaxation to retardation time, it means that the increasing value of λ1 results in an increase of relaxation time but it also results in decline of retardation time.
CFT description of BH’s and ECO’s: QNMs, superradiance, echoes and tidal responses
Authors: Consoli Dario , Fucito Francesco , Morales Jose Francisco , Poghossian Rubik 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Using conformal field theory and localization tecniques we study the propagation of scalar waves in gravity backgrounds described by Schrödinger like equations with Fuchsian singularities. Exact formulae for the connection matrices relating the asymptotic behaviour of the wave functions near the singularities are obtained in terms of braiding and fusion rules of the CFT. The results are applied to the study of quasi normal modes, absorption cross sections, amplification factors, echoes and tidal responses of black holes (BH) and exotic compact objects (ECO) in four and five dimensions. In particular, we propose a definition of dynamical Love numbers in gravity.
Higher derivative corrections to black brane thermodynamics and the weak gravity conjecture
Authors: Noumi Toshifumi , Satake Hibiki 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We study higher derivative corrections to black brane thermodynamics and their implications for the weak gravity conjecture for p-form gauge fields. In particular we show that higher derivative corrections decrease tension-to-charge ratios of extremal black branes as implied by the weak gravity conjecture, if four-derivative couplings follow scattering positivity bounds. We also demonstrate that entropy corrections in the micro canonical ensemble are positive under the same assumptions. This extends earlier works in the Einstein-Maxwell theory to p-form gauge fields in general spacetime dimensions.
Production and characterisation of self-blowing lignin-based foams
Authors: Fagbemigun Taiwo K. , Mai Carsten 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSelf-blowing lignin-furanic foams were produced using formulations comprising Kraft lignin and furfuryl alcohol as the major components. Diethyl ether, Tween 85 and sulphuric acid were used as blowing agent, surfactant and catalyst. The influence of the components and the ratio of furfuryl alcohol to lignin was investigated with regard to the foam density, mechanical properties, water absorption, thermal properties, and fire behaviour. Depending on the formulation, the density of lignin-furanic foams ranged between 60 and 320 kg m−3.Increasing the furfuryl alcohol content increased the density of the foams. Low-density foams were obtained with a higher proportion of diethyl ether. The compression strength and modulus of elasticity (MoE) of lignin-furanic foams also increased with foam density. All lignin-furanic foams showed good thermal stability and residual masses by thermogravimetric analysis. Cone calorimetric analysis showed that lignin-furanic foams have poor flammability and self-extinguish within few seconds.
The incidence of non-affective psychotic disorders in low and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bastien Rayanne John-Baptiste , Ding Tao , Gonzalez-Valderrama Alfonso , Valmaggia Lucia , Kirkbride James B. , Jongsma Hannah E. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Global understanding of the epidemiological landscape of non-affective psychotic disorders (NAPD) is predominantly based on studies from high-income countries. We sought to systematically review and meta-analyse all incidence studies conducted in low and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Methods
We systematically searched four databases using terms for NAPD, incidence and LMICs. Citations were eligible for inclusion if: published between 1 January 1960 and 31 May 2022; wholly or partially conducted in an LMIC, and; containing data on NAPD incidence in the general adult population. Two independent raters assessed study quality according to previously published criteria. We conducted a narrative synthesis and random-effects meta-analyses where sufficient studies were available (N ≥ 5).

Results
We retrieved 11 421 records, of which 23 citations met inclusion criteria from 18 unique studies across 19 settings in 10 LMICs. Median study quality was 4 out of 7 (interquartile range: 3–6). The crude incidence of NAPD varied around 4.2 times, from 10.0 per 100,000 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI] 8.7–11.4) in Brazil to 42.0 (95%CI 32.2–54.8) in India, with marked heterogeneity in methodologies and rates. Our 60-year review highlights the dearth of robust evidence on the incidence of psychotic disorders in LMICs.

Conclusion
Without reliable, contemporary estimates of this fundamental cornerstone of population health, it is impossible to understand the true burden, distribution or causes of psychotic disorders in over 87% of the world’s population. A new, more equitable global mental health evidence base for NAPD is now urgently required.
A pure theory of population distribution when preferences are ordinal
Authors: Stark Oded , Kosiorowski Grzegorz 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe model an environment in which individuals prefer to be in a space in which their rank is higher, be it a social space, a geographical space, a work environment, or any other comparison sphere which we refer to in this paper, and without loss of generality, as a region. When the individuals can choose between more than two regions, we inquire: (i) whether a steady-state distribution of the population is reached; (ii) how long it will take to reach a steady state; and (iii) if a steady state obtains, whether at the steady state social welfare is maximized. Despite the fact that when there are three or more regions the mobility paths are more intricate than when there are only two regions, we prove that a steady-state distribution of the population across the regions is reached; we identify the upper bound of the number of time periods that it will take to reach the steady-state distribution; and we show that the steady-state distribution maximizes social welfare. This last result is surprising: even though the individuals act of their own accord, they achieve the socially preferred outcome.
Convexity estimates for high codimension mean curvature flow
Authors: Lynch Stephen , Nguyen Huy The 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe consider the flow by mean curvature of smooth n-dimensional submanifolds of $${\mathbb {R}}^{n+k}$$

R

n
+
k

, $$k \ge 2$$

k
≥
2

, which are compact and quadratically pinched. We establish that such flows are asymptotically convex, that is, the first eigenvalue of the second fundamental form in the principal mean curvature direction blows up at a strictly slower rate than the mean curvature vector. This generalises the convexity estimate of Huisken–Sinestrari to higher codimensions. By combining our estimate with work of Naff, we conclude that singularity models for the flow are convex ancient solutions of codimension one.
Stochastic collocation method for computing eigenspaces of parameter-dependent operators
Authors: Grubišić Luka , Saarikangas Mikael , Hakula Harri 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe consider computing eigenspaces of an elliptic self-adjoint operator depending on a countable number of parameters in an affine fashion. The eigenspaces of interest are assumed to be isolated in the sense that the corresponding eigenvalues are separated from the rest of the spectrum for all values of the parameters. We show that such eigenspaces can in fact be extended to complex-analytic functions of the parameters and quantify this analytic dependence in a way that leads to convergence of sparse polynomial approximations. A stochastic collocation method on an anisoptropic sparse grid in the parameter domain is proposed for computing a basis for the eigenspace of interest. The convergence of this method is verified in a series of numerical examples based on the eigenvalue problem of a stochastic diffusion operator.
Genotype–Phenotype Correlations and Clinical Outcomes in 155 Cases of Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma
Authors: Wang Hogan , Papachristos Alexander J. , Gill Anthony J. , Clifton‐Bligh Roderick , Aniss Ahmad M. , Glover Anthony , Sywak Mark , Sidhu Stan B. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundPheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL) are rare neuroendocrine tumours, often associated with germline mutations that influence the disease biology and clinical course. We aimed to describe the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of a consecutive series of PPGL patients and correlate mutation status with clinical outcomes.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study of all PPGL patients who presented to a tertiary referral centre between March 2005 and February 2022. Genotypic, phenotypic and follow‐up data were analysed.ResultsA total of 140 patients were included. Of these, 94 (67%) patients underwent genetic testing and a mutation was detected in 36 (38%) patients. Mutation presence was associated with younger age, smaller tumour size and bilateral adrenal tumours. Disease recurrence occurred at a median time of 5.4 (IQR 2.8–11.0) years after treatment in 21 (15%) patients, of which 14 (67%) had a mutation in a susceptibility gene. Recurrence pattern was influenced by mutation type; higher local recurrence risk for SDHA, SDHB, and MEN2B disease, and higher metastatic risk for SDHB, VHL and MEN2A disease. Recurrence occurred in three (3%) patients with mutation absence. Multivariate analysis revealed that age  ≤40 years and mutation presence were associated with increased risk of disease recurrence.ConclusionsGenotypic characteristics strongly influence disease presentation and recurrence risk, which may occur more than 5 years after initial treatment. Routine genetic testing of PPGL patients is warranted given the high prevalence of mutations, allowing for prognostication and tailored follow‐up. In the presence of germline mutations, follow‐up should be life‐long.
Timed up-and-go performance is associated with objectively measured life space in patients 3 months after ischemic stroke: a cross-sectional observational study
Authors: Rössler Roland , Rommers Nikki , Kim Eun-Kyeong , Iendra Laura , Sofios Alexander , Giannouli Eleftheria , Portegijs Erja , Rantanen Taina , Infanger Denis , Bridenbaugh Stephanie , Engelter Stefan T. , Schmidt-Trucksäss Arno , Weibel Robert , Peters Nils , Hinrichs Timo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Stroke is a common cause of mobility limitation, including a reduction in life space. Life space is defined as the spatial extent in which a person moves within a specified period of time. We aimed to analyze patients’ objective and self-reported life space and clinical stroke characteristics.

Methods
MOBITEC-Stroke is a prospective observational cohort study addressing poststroke mobility. This cross-sectional analysis refers to 3-month data. Life space was assessed by a portable tracking device (7 consecutive days) and by self-report (Life-Space Assessment; LSA). We analysed the timed up-and-go (TUG) test, stroke severity (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; NIHSS), and the level of functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale; mRS) in relation to participants’ objective (distance- and area-related life-space parameters) and self-reported (LSA) life space by multivariable linear regression analyses, adjusted for age, sex, and residential area.

Results
We included 41 patients, mean age 70.7 (SD11.0) years, 29.3% female, NIHSS score 1.76 (SD1.68). We found a positive relationship between TUG performance and maximum distance from home (p = 0.006), convex hull area (i.e. area enclosing all Global Navigation Satellite System [GNSS] fixes, represented as a polygon linking the outermost points; p = 0.009), perimeter of the convex hull area (i.e. total length of the boundary of the convex hull area; p = 0.008), as well as the standard ellipse area (i.e. the two-dimensional ellipse containing approximately 63% of GNSS points; p = 0.023), in multivariable regression analyses.

Conclusion
The TUG, an easily applicable bedside test, seems to be a useful indicator for patients’ life space 3 months poststroke and may be a clinically useful measure to document the motor rehabilitative process.
The impact of the SARS-CoV-2-pandemic on patients with chronic inflammatory neuropathies: results from the German INHIBIT register
Authors: Hieke Alina , Spenner Marie , Schmitz Fynn , Schumacher Aurelian , Schröder Maximilian , Klimas Rafael , Sgodzai Melissa , Brünger Jil , Grüter Thomas , Gold Ralf , Pitarokoili Kalliopi , Fisse Anna Lena , Motte Jeremias 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction
SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is especially compromising for patients with autoimmune diseases with or without immunomodulatory treatment. This study aimed to investigate the longitudinal changes in the health care of patients with immune-mediated neuropathies during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
We performed a longitudinal study using questionnaires in a prospective cohort of patients with immune-mediated neuropathies at two timepoints of the pandemic: May–July 2021 and May–July 2022.

Results
The cohort consisted of 73 patients (55 male), mean age 62 years, 68 patients with CIDP, 5 with other immune neuropathies. In 2021, 19.2% of the patients reported a reduced number of physician–patient-contacts, while 13.7% reported this in 2022. Nevertheless, the overall health-care situation worsened from 2021 to 2022: 15.1% reported reduced overall healthcare in 2021, 26.0% in 2022. In 2021, 29.4% of patients reported absence of physio-/occupational therapy, while 34.4% reported this in 2022. Switching immunomodulatory treatment and stretching of treatment intervals occurred more often in 2022 (38.4%) than in 2021 (27.4%). 12 COVID-19-infections occurred overall, with typical only mild symptoms. The rate of fully vaccinated patients was 61.6% and 98.6% in May–July 2021 and 2022, respectively. Only minor side-effects after vaccination were reported.

Conclusion
Despite mitigation of COVID-19 restrictions from 2021 to 2022, the health-care situation of patients worsened in this time. Reasons could be the international shortage of immunoglobulins during the pandemic and reduced physio/ergotherapy due to lingering regulatory restrictions. Vaccination rate was high in our cohort of patients compared to the general German population and CIDP did not seem to be a risk factor for severe SARS-CoV-2 infections.
Gastrointestinal parasites in young dogs and risk factors associated with infection
Authors: Murnik Lea-Christina , Daugschies Arwid , Delling Cora 
Published: December 2022

AbstractYoung dogs are particularly susceptible to infections with endoparasites. The occurrence of endoparasites was investigated in young dogs from Central Germany between July 2020 and July 2022. In total, 386 fecal samples originating from 171 dogs were examined for the prevalence of endoparasites using a combined flotation- and sedimentation technique and conventional PCR. Overall, in 41.2% (159/386) of the examined samples, endoparasites were detected. The most frequently occurring endoparasites were Giardia duodenalis (29%), Cryptosporidium spp. (9.1%), Cystoisospora spp. (7.3%), and Toxocara canis (6%). Sequencing of G. duodenalis positive samples showed that most infections belonged to the host-specific assemblages C (38.4% (43/112)) and D (35.7% (40/112)). The zoonotic assemblage A was identified in 8% (9/112) of the samples. Moreover, mixed infections were observed as follows: C/D in 5 (4.5%), D/A in 4 (3.6%), and C/A in 3 (2.7%) samples. All assemblage A infections were assigned to the potentially zoonotic subassemblage AI. Co-infections of G. duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. were observed in 3.1% (12/386) of the samples. Analyzing several host factors for their potential association with endoparasitic infection, the origin of dogs, as well as the living environment were identified as the main risk factors for infection with endoparasites. Overall, this study shows a high infection rate with endoparasites, especially G. duodenalis, in young dogs from Germany. The results of this study contribute to further insight into the distribution and potential risk factors associated with endoparasitic infections, as well as the zoonotic potential these parasites may present.
Variation in breeding phenology in response to climate change in two passerine species
Authors: Andreasson Fredrik , Nord Andreas , Nilsson Jan-Åke 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIncreasingly warmer springs have caused phenological shifts in both plants and animals. In birds, it is well established that mean laying date has advanced to match the earlier food peak. We know less about changes in the distribution of egg-laying dates within a population and the environmental variables that determine this variation. This could be an important component of how populations respond to climate change. We, therefore, used laying date and environmental data from 39 years (1983–2021) to determine how climate change affected laying date variation in blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) and marsh tits (Poecile palustris), two sympatric passerines with different life histories. Both species advanced mean laying date (0.19–0.24 days per year) and mean laying date showed a negative relationship with maximum spring temperature in both blue and marsh tits. In springs with no clear temperature increase during the critical time window (the time-window in which mean laying date was most sensitive to temperature) start of breeding in blue tits was distributed over a longer part of the season. However, there was no such pattern in marsh tits. Our findings suggest that temperature change, and not necessarily absolute temperature, can shape the variation in breeding phenology in a species-specific manner, possibly linked to variation in life-history strategies. This is an important consideration when predicting how climate change affects timing of breeding within a population.
Evaluation of long-term performance of an intraperitoneal biomaterial in the treatment of ventral hernias
Authors: Linn John G. , Mallico Eric J. , Doerhoff Carl R. , Grantham David W. , Washington Raymond G. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
One-year device safety and clinical outcomes of ventral hernia repair with the GORE® SYNECOR Intraperitoneal Biomaterial, a hybrid composite mesh was evaluated.

Methods
This retrospective, multicenter, case review analyzed device/procedure endpoints and patient-reported outcomes in patients treated for hernia repair ≥ 1 year from study enrollment.

Results
Included were 459 patients (with 469 ventral hernias) with a mean age of 58 ± 15 years; 77.1% met Ventral Hernia Working Group 2 (VHWG2) classification. Mean hernia size was 18.9 cm2 and 57.3% of hernias were incisional. Laparoscopic or robotic approach was utilized in 95.4% of patients. Mesh location was intraperitoneal for 75.6% and bridging repair was performed in 57.3%. Procedure-related adverse events within 30-days occurred in 5.0% of patients and included surgical site infection (SSI), surgical site occurrence (SSO), ileus, readmission, and re-operation. Procedure-related SSI or SSO events were 3.8% through 12 months. SSO events requiring procedural intervention (SSOPI) were 2.6% through 24 months. Four patients (0.9%) had confirmed hernia recurrence through the study (the mean follow-up was 32-months, range 14–53 months). Subgroup comparisons were conducted for all type recurrence; only diabetes was found to be statistically significant (p = .0506).

Conclusion
In this analysis, ventral hernia repair with hybrid, composite mesh results in successful outcomes in most patients. This study represents a heterogeneous patient population undergoing repair using various approaches, mesh fixation, and mesh placement locations. These data appear to confirm long-term acceptable safety and device performance with a low rate of recurrence in a predominantly VHWG2 population.
„Nature-based Solutions“ im integrativen Wasserbau
Authors: Hauer Christoph , Habersack Helmut 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungIn der wasserbaulichen Praxis gibt es die grundlegende Unterscheidung zwischen „technischem“ und „naturnahem Wasserbau“. Diese Unterscheidung wird im vorliegenden Fachbeitrag nun um den Begriff „Naturbasierte Lösungen ‚/‘ Nature-based solutions (NbS)“erweitert. Neben einer Beschreibung und Abgrenzung der einzelnen fachlichen Begriffe wird unter Verwendung von Beispielen aus der Praxis die Notwendigkeit der standortspezifischen, von der Genese der Flusslandschaften abhängigen Prozesse zu einer nachhaltigen Verbesserung des gewässerökologischen Zustands hervorgehoben.