bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of water flow on Regency Municipality Waterworks-network of Jonggat Central Lombok Regency using Ford Fulkerson Algorithm and Dinic Algorithm
Authors: Sriwahyuni Lilis , Marwan Marwan , Awanis Zata Yumni 
Published: June 2023

Clean water is essential for humans which must be fulfilled for humans survival. The population in Jonggat, Central Lombok, increases from year to year which causes the using of clean water get an increase too. The necessity of rising clean water is not in line with the availability of water in nature, therefore the PDAM (Regency Municipality Waterworks) manages existing water resource. Then, it will be distributed to consumers. The purpose of this research is to determine the optimal solution in the distribution of clean water in Jonggat using Ford Fulkerson algorithm and Dinic algorithm. Both Ford Fulkerson algorithm and Dinic algorithm are methods used to calculate the maximum flow in a network. Based on the results of research using Python software on the Ford Fulkerson algorithm, the maximum current is 133 liters/second, while using the Dinic algorithm, the maximum current is 133.49 liters/second. Meanwhile, the average water flow is delivered by PDAM is 95 liters/second. It means, it can be added the amount of flow in the clean water distribution pipe by the PDAM. It’s for facilitating the flow of water that reaches consumers with the addition of a flow that cannot exceed 133.49 liters/second.
Keywords: Network flow, Maximum flow, Ford Fulkerson algorithm, Dinic algorithm
Study the Mechanical Properties of Polyethylene Reinforced by Metal Woven Fibers
Authors: Ali Muayad Abdulhasan , Diwan Abbas Ali 
Published: June 2023

Strength and Durability of fiber reinforced polymer composites (FRP) are controlled by the durability of their constituents: reinforcement fibers, resin matrices, and the status of interfaces. A great deal of research has been focused on the relationship of fibers with matrix, on the other hand, the diameter of the fiber and properties of fiber-matrix composites. The present investigation aims to study the effects of adding steel woven fibers to polymer (polyethylene) on some mechanical properties for resulting composite materials.
This research tries to study the using of metal woven fibers as a reinforcement Material with Matrix from polyethylene grades (LDPE,LLDPE) as a composite material that was prepared using an injection molding process at 180- 200 Co and 60 rpm with different diameter (0.25- 1.0 mm).the results show that the tensile strength will slightly increase with percentage about (9%-18%) for the LLDPE and LDPE polymer composite respectively, and tensile modulus will significant increase about (80%- 190%) with woven metal fibers .The ductility is decrease with 68% for LDPE but it was 78% for LLDPE . The flexural strength will decrease with percentage about (36%-22%) for the LLDPE and LDPE polymer composite and impact strength with percentage about (78%-68%) and impact strength about (47%-40%) for the LLDPE and LDPE polymer composite respectively
Compressive Strength in Sulphate Resisting Portland Cement (SRPC)
Authors: Ewadh Hussein Ali , Jassim Majeed Khudair 
Published: June 2023

The compressive strength of cement is regarded as a principal indicator to determine the quality of cement. Therefore, efforts were focused to combine the factors which affect compressive strength together in such a form to develop suitable statistical models for predicting strength of cement at various ages (3 and 7 days).
Using SPSS16 software, a statistical analysis is performed for (574) observations taken from archive of quality control at Kerbala Cement Plant, which produces low alkalis sulphate resisting Portland cement. These data sets include compressive strength at 3 and 7 days with various independent variables.
Stepwise regression results in multiple linear models that explain (99.7 %) and (99.9 %) of variations in 3-days and 7-days compressive strength respectively in function of; C3S, C2S, C3A, SO3 contents, and Insoluble residue (IR). The developed models show that these contents positive effect on strength, but (I.R) content has a negative one. Such models could be used in quality control of SRPC factories to enable the manufacturer to make corrections in process within production stage. The sufficient data used in the analysis assures confidence of the developed statistical model.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY FOR DETERMINE MANNING'S COEFFICIENT WITH DIFFERENT SLOPES AND CHANNEL BED MATERIALS
Authors: A.Merry Marwa 
Published: June 2023

Water resources and hydraulic engineering projects have been upward rapidly in all over the world, accordingly the prediction of roughness coefficient is essential criteria to design open channels, and related hydraulic structures. The aims of this research are to find out the effect of changing beds materials and discharge on coefficient of roughness (n), the beds that used in the tests are smooth which represented by original channel bed (steel plate), rough bed material which is a gravel bed and waved bed .The experimental work was performed in a rectangular flume with dimension of (15 m* 0.3 m* 0.45 m) long, wide and deep, respectively with different value of slope (1:200 and 1:500) to analyze slope effect on coefficient of roughness in addition to the effect of channel bed material. The experimental work showed that The coefficient of roughness reduced when the discharge increases for specified slope and channel bed, The slope of the channel and bed roughness is the main factors affected on determining coefficient of roughness and when the channel slope increases the coefficient of roughness increases, the coefficient of roughness is decreased when using smooth bed and it is increased when channel bed is waved. The percentage change in the Manning coefficient due to changing in slope and channel bed is (112.6%) when slope equal to (1/200) and the channel bed changed from smooth to rough , (184%) when the bed changed from rough to waved, and (33.6%) when channel bed changed from rough to waved. And for (1/500) slope, the percentage change in the Manning coefficient equal to (33.5%) when the bed changed from smooth to rough, (80%) when changed from smooth to waved, and (33.1%) when changed from rough to waved.
Kontekstualisasi Injil dalam Praktik Rumengkom
Authors: Losu Claudia Pricillia , Koan Cindy Quartyamina , Tampake Tony 
Published: June 2023

Abstract. This paper intended to provide a critical analysis of the efforts to contextualise the Gospel through the practice of rumengkom by Minahasa Christians. Eating together or rumengkom for the Minahasa community has a special meaning and is indirectly interpreted as a form of theological expression typical of the Minahasa community. As time goes by, the church gives a different meaning to the practice by understanding it as a form of contextualisation of the Gospel. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach in Yobel Uluindano Church of Minahasa (GMIM). The results of the research were then analysed with the lens of the anthropological approach model of contextual theology. The results of this study showed that the effort to contextualise the gospel by the church has obscured the theological value that already exist in the practice of rumengkom.Abstrak. Tulisan ini bermaksud untuk memberikan analisis kritis terhadap upaya kontekstualisasi Injil melalui praktik rumengkom oleh umat Kristiani Minahasa. Makan bersama atau rumengkom bagi masyarakat Minahasa memiliki makna yang sangat berharga dan secara tidak langsung dimaknai sebagai bentuk ungkapan teologis khas masyarakat Minahasa. Seiring berjalannya waktu gereja memberikan pemaknaan yang berbeda terhadap praktik rumengkom dengan memahaminya sebagai bentuk kontekstualisasi Injil. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif di Gereja Masehi Injili di Minahasa (GMIM) Yobel Uluindano. Hasil penelitian selanjutnya dianalisis dengan lensa model pendekatan antropologis teologi kontekstual. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa upaya kontekstualisasi Injil yang dilakukan gereja telah mengaburkan nilai teologis yang sebenarnya sudah ada dalam praktik rumengkom.
THE TRANSLATION OF CULTURE-SPECIFIC CONCEPTS IN DESCRIPTIVE TEXT OF MUSEUM WAYANG DAN ARTEFAK PURBALINGGA
Authors: Purwaningsih Dyah Raina , Yulianita Nadia Gitya , Prasetyoningsih Tri Wahyu Setiawan 
Published: June 2023

The article discusses translation techniques applied in the translation of culture-specific concepts in the description text of Museum Wayang dan Artefak Purbalingga. Culture-specific concept is one of the common types of non-equivalence at word level resulted from the absence of cultural concepts in the target language. To cope with this problem, a translator is provided with translation techniques proposed by many translation scholars. This research applied the theory of translation techniques proposed by Molina and Albir. Based on the analysis, the most frequently-used technique is borrowing technique. The technique is relatively common to apply in translating culturally-bound terms that do not have one-to-one correspondence. The most common non-equivalence problem at word level to find is problem of culture-specific concepts. It is because the text describes the puppets displayed there, and to be more specific, puppets are parts of Indonesian culture, a precious cultural heritage. Therefore, many culturally-bound words or terms are kept original.
High Dose Selection for General Toxicity Studies of New Medicines
Authors: Engalycheva G. N. , Subaev R. D. 
Published: June 2023

High dose selection is a key methodological element in general toxicity studies of medicines. It determines the informative value of study results, the compliance with the principles of ethical and rational use of experimental animals, and the accuracy of predicting the safety of new medicines for human use. The literature data and the regulatory experience in evaluating preclinical study results suggest that the selection of an inappropriate high dose is a very common error in planning toxicity studies. This error leads to a significant or complete loss of the informative value of study results; the results become useless for assessing the safety of new medicinal products for human use.The aim of this study was to analyse the current regulatory requirements for high dose selection for general toxicity studies of medicines.The analysis suggests that unreasonably high doses may be selected for toxicity studies because methodological recommendations are prone to interpretation errors. Their potential for ambiguity stems from the absence of specific standardised upper limits for toxic doses or sufficiently clear dose selection criteria. Prerequisites for properly planning preclinical safety studies of new medicines include compliance with dose selection requirements of regulatory toxicology and implementation of a clinically and toxicologically sound decision-making algorithm.
Introduction: Russia, Ukraine, and the West: Looking to the Future
Authors: Petro Nicolai N. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this collection of essays, eight distinguished scholars, many with deep and personal knowledge of both Russia and Ukraine assess the impact of current events on long term relations between Ukraine, Russia, and the West. Since the issues raised by this crisis are at once indigenous to Ukraine, bilateral to Russia and Ukraine, and global, all three levels will need to be addressed before it can be resolved. This special issue examines some of the parameters that will need to be considered in doing so. Taken in toto, they encourage us to think comprehensively about the future, highlighting some of the pitfalls that will await us after the war.
The Maidan Massacre Trial and Investigation Revelations: Implications for the Ukraine-Russia War and Relations
Authors: Katchanovski Ivan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study analyzes revelations from the trial and investigation in Ukraine concerning the mass killing that took place in Kyiv on 20 February 2014. This Maidan massacre of protesters and police led to the overthrow of the Yanukovych government and ultimately to the Russian annexation of Crimea, the civil war and Russian military interventions in Donbas, and the Ukraine-Russia and West-Russia conflicts which Russia escalated by illegally invading Ukraine in 2022. The absolute majority of wounded Maidan protesters, nearly 100 prosecution and defense witnesses, synchronized videos, and medical and ballistic examinations by government experts pointed unequivocally to the fact that the Maidan protesters were massacred by snipers located in Maidan-controlled buildings. To date, however, due to the political sensitivity of these findings and cover-up, no one has been convicted for this massacre. The article discusses the implications of these revelations for the Ukraine-Russia war and the future of Russian-Ukrainian relations.
Sanitätsdienstliches Handeln im militärischen Konflikt: Eine Einführung in die Wehrmedizinethik
Authors: Fischer Dirk 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Infolge der besonderen Herausforderungen der asymmetrischen militärischen Konflikte kam es zu Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts zur Ausbildung der Wehrmedizinethik. Das neue Fach gewann im Zuge der geführten nationalen und internationalen wissenschaftlichen Diskurse vermehrt an Kontur, so dass sich ein Bereich spezifischer wehrmedizinethischer Themen ausmachen lässt. Diesen versucht die Wehrmedizinethik durch die Formulierung und Selbstverpflichtung wehrmedizinethischer Prinzipien zu begegnen, die sanitätsdienstliche Kräfte selbst dann binden, wenn die Vorgaben des humanitären Völkerrechtes formaljuristisch nicht zur Anwendung gebracht werden können. Das Einstehen für diese Prinzipien ist Ausdruck einer moralischen Kompetenz, die die Wehrmedizinethik durch Forschung und Lehre zu fördern versucht.
Kriegerische Konflikte als Herausforderung für das völkerrechtliche Menschenrecht auf Gesundheit
Authors: Weilert A. Katarina 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Aufgrund der besonderen Gefahr, die von kriegerischen Konflikten für die Gesundheit der unter dem Krieg leidenden Menschen ausgeht, widmet sich das in Kriegszeiten geltende humanitäre Völkerrecht eingehend dem Schutz der Zivilbevölkerung und Nichtkombattanten. Auch gegenüber Kombattanten, die nach geltendem Kriegsrecht zwar zulässigerweise angegriffen und sogar getötet werden dürfen, begrenzt das humanitäre Völkerrecht das Verletzungspotential durch ein Übermaßverbot. Damit ist das durch das humanitäre Völkerrecht ausgestaltete Recht auf Gesundheit weitaus differenzierter, als dies für das „friedensvölkerrechtlich“ geltende Menschenrecht auf Gesundheit gilt. Bei bewaffneten Konflikten ist das Problem der Gesundheitsversorgung nicht in erster Linie eine Frage des Fehlens internationaler gesetzlicher Regelungen, sondern von deren Missachtung.
PEDAGOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF ASMR AS A LEARNING TOOL IN EDUCATIONAL SETTINGS FOR CHILDREN’S AND STUDENTS’ MENTAL AND SOCIAL WELL-BEING
Authors: Georgieva-Hristozova Violeta 
Published: June 2023

The aim of the theoretical framework is to examine the issue of autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR) among scientific communities and enhance the knowledge horizons of students in medical and pedagogical fields. Considering the increasing public interest in ASMR, the article also addresses the parents of ASMR content consumers. The material reviews the current international research on ASMR and its effects on children and students. Using scientific methods of theoretical analyses, observation, and expert evaluation, the author popularizes in the specialized media the specifics and psycho-pedagogical effects of ASMR on the people who shape the generation Z and generation Alpha. The results highlight the need for in-depth theoretical and empirical research in order to gain a better understanding of the impact of ASMR on the mentioned young generations. Such research is crucial for establishing the connection between ASMR and mental health and socialization in these groups, as well as for understanding the relationship of the phenomenon under investigation with the existing scientific knowledge. Concerns regarding adverse consequences on the mental health and socialization of children and students are also shared.
Between the Parish and the State: To the Question of the Material Maintenance of the Orthodox Parish Clergy at the End of the XIX–XX Centuries (By the Materials of the Tula Diocese)
Authors: Резухин П. 
Published: June 2023

Данная статья посвящена изучению предпосылки формирования деятельного отношения православного приходского духовенства к церковным реформам начала XX в. Цель исследования — показать, что существовавшая в предреволюционный период система материального обеспечения, являясь во многом несовершенной, не только укрепляла социальное неравенство внутри духовного сословия, но и отрицательно влияла на мировосприятие не только самих священнои церковнослужителей, но и членов их семей. Неудовлетворённость экономическим положением стала основной причиной положительного отношения обозначенных категорий «белого» духовенства к государственно-церковным преобразованиям, способствовала их вовлечению в общественную жизнь Российской империи. Материальная неустроенность порождала феномен, при котором духовенство оказывалось между приходом и государством, находясь в зависимости как от паствы, так и государства. Введение в научный оборот новых источников, представленных материалами Государственного архива Тульской области, позволяет говорить о сохранении проблемы материального обеспечения большей части приходского духовенства на рубеже XIX–XX вв., влиявшей на пастырское и социальное служение духовенства, его общественно-политическую позицию.
This article is devoted to the study of the prerequisites for the formation of an active attitude of the Orthodox parish clergy to the church reforms of the early 20th century. The purpose of the study is to show that the system of material support that existed in the prerevolutionary period, being largely imperfect, not only strengthened social inequality within the clergy, but also negatively affected the worldview not only of the clergy themselves, but also of their families. Dissatisfaction with the economic situation became the main reason for the positive attitude of the designated categories of the «white» clergy to state and church reforms, and contributed to their involvement in the public life of the Russian Empire. The material disorder gave rise to a phenomenon in which the clergy found themselves between the parish and the state, being dependent on both the ﬂock and the state. The introduction into scientiﬁc circulation of new sources presented by the materials of the State Archives of the Tula Region allows us to speak about the persistence of the problem of material support for the majority of the parish clergy at the turn of the 19th — 20th centuries, which inﬂuenced the pastoral and social ministry of the clergy, its socio-political position.
«The Legend of the Grand Inquisitor» by F. M. Dostoevsky in the Works of Writers and Philosophers of the Silver Age
Authors: Виттман Вильгельм Андреевич 
Published: June 2023

Данная статья посвящена интерпретации образа Великого Инквизитора в философском романе Ф. М. Достоевского «Братья Карамазовы», а также в трудах таких писателей и философов Серебряного века, как В. В. Розанов, Л. И. Шестов, Н. А. Бердяев.
This article is devoted to the interpretation of the image of the Grand Inquisitor in the philosophical novel «The Brothers Karamazov» by F. M. Dostoevsky in the works of such writers and philosophers of the Silver Age as V. V. Rozanov, L. I. Shestov, N. A. Berdyaev. The article analyses the religious, philosophical and socio-political aspects of the interpretation of this image.
Acrylamide content and quality characteristics of French fries influenced by different frying methods
Authors: Ahmed Zahraa Adil , Mohammed Nameer Khairullah , Meor Hussin Anis Shobirin 
Published: June 2023

Background: This study aimed to compare the effects of three different frying methods, namely air frying (AF), microwave frying (MF), and deep frying (DF) in corn oil, on the moisture and texture, as well as the content and absorption of oil, carbohydrates and acrylamide in French fries. Materials and Methods: For the DF, the fresh potatoes were fully dipped in corn oil and the oil temperature was set at 160 °C for three intervals of 3, 5, and 7 minutes. In the MF, the oil was preheated to 180 °C for three time intervals of 160, 180, and 200 seconds. The AF was set at a temperature of 170 °C for three time intervals of 8, 10, and 12 minutes, without adding oil.Results: The results showed that AF resulted in a lower acrylamide content (21.8 ppm) after 8 minutes at 170°C compared to the other frying methods. However, DF in corn oil was preferred in terms of color, flavor, and overall acceptance in the sensory evaluation of the French fries. MF resulted in the hardest French fry texture due to excessive evaporation of moisture.Conclusion: The findings suggest that AF may be a healthier option with a lower acrylamide content, while DF in corn oil may be preferred for its superior sensory characteristics.Keywords: Acrylamide, Air frying, Deep frying, Microwave, Oil absorption, Sensory evaluation.
Prevalence of Thyroid disorders in Nasiriya City, Iraq
Authors: Mousa Hind , Zoori Ammani 
Published: June 2023

Thyroid disorders are the second biggest endocrine problem in society after diabetes. Environmental and genetic factors lead to the development of thyroid disorders. So this study was designed to determine the prevalence of thyroid disorders in Nasiriya City. One hundred-twenty subjects of both genders were involved in this study 80 of whom were patients, and 40 were healthy people. A blood sample and personal information were collected from all. The levels of thyroid hormones were estimated by the Cobas e411 electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLI). The study found that the incidence of females was more than males (77.5%, 22.5%) and the ratio was 3.4:1. The results showed hypothyroidism disorder was more prevalent than hyperthyroidism and (83.64%) of hypothyroidism were female, and only (16.36%) were male, also (64%) of hyperthyroidism were female while male represented only (36%) of them. The majority of patients were aged 35-46 years. The results indicated that (43.75%) of patients had a family history, (26.25%) were diagnosed with hypothyroidism, and (17.5%) were diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. It was concluded that thyroid disorders, especially hypothyroidism, constitute a serious concern for public health, and middle-aged people and females were the categories most susceptible to thyroid disorders.