bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost of image-guided percutaneous nephrostomy among cervical cancer patients at Muhimbili National Hospital in Tanzania
Authors: Nyabakari Cecilia J , Mori Amani Thomas 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Most cervical cancer patients in developing countries present in health facilities with an advanced disease, characterized by obstructive uropathy. This study aims to estimate the cost of an image-guided percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN), which was recently introduced at Muhimbili National Hospital to manage obstructive uropathy.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional study that was conducted between February and June 2021, from the provider's perspective. The study used a micro-costing approach to identify, quantify and value both capital and recurrent items consumed in the provision of services. Cost data were collected in Tanzanian shillings and converted to USD. Analysis was performed in an Excel spreadsheet (Microsoft Excel®, Microsoft Corporation).
Results
The estimated cost of image-guided PCN at Muhimbili National Hospital was 358.6 USD per patient. The main cost drivers were the cost of materials and supplies particularly the single-use Nephrostomy catheters, Amplatz guide wire, and Micro-puncture set. The estimated unit cost from this study is higher than the reimbursement price of 237.4 USD charged by the National Health Insurance Fund, and the 259.40 USD and 172.9 USD charged by the hospital for private and public patients, respectively.
Conclusion
Image-guided PCN for cervical patients is a relatively expensive procedure for a typical patient without health insurance. The study further underscores the importance of conducting costing studies to inform pricing and reimbursement decisions.
Bioinformatic role of MIR-101 on PTEN and Mcl1 target genes in liver cancer patients
Authors: Rahimi-Farsi Nasim , Shahbazi Taha 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
One of the three causes of death in the world is liver cancer, which is common in today's society. One of the new methods in the treatment of liver cancer is the identification of new and less invasive biomarkers, among which microRNA can be mentioned. Therefore, in this study, the bioinformatic role of mir-101 on the target genes PTEN and Mcl1 in liver cancer was evaluated. Materials and methods: In this theoretical study, Target Scan, miR Base, DIANA Tool, miRanda, miRTarBase, miR Walk, miR path target genes and signaling pathway of miR-101 were investigated using bioinformatics databases. Then, GEO data was analyzed with R software to analyze miR-101. Finally, the biomarker role of miR-101 was analyzed with ROC diagram. Results: Investigations conducted using different databases as well as statistical methods using R software and graph prism provided a comprehensive analysis of miR-101-3p/5p and based on the analysis of the ROC diagram, the specificity of miR-101 was reported to be higher than 0.5. Also, investigations and target gene selection from different bioinformatics databases showed that PTEN genes with their tumor suppressive role and Mcl1 with their anti-apoptotic role in the TGF- β signaling pathway had dual behavior against each of the studied target genes. Finally, it inhibited metastasis in the signaling pathway of liver cancer, thus reducing the expression of microRNA in patients with liver cancer. Conclusion: According to the obtained results, miR-101 is a targeted therapy for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of HCC.
Developing a digital informed consent app: opportunities and challenges of a new format to inform and obtain consent in public health research
Authors: Haring Luuk V. , Hall Joy T. , Janssen Anton , Johannes J. Marleen , Verhoeff Arnoud P. , Ujcic-Voortman Joanne K. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Informed consent procedures for large population-based cohort studies should be comprehensive and easy-to-use. This is particularly challenging when participants from different socio-economic groups and multicultural ethnic backgrounds are involved. Recently, more and more studies have tried to use multimedia in informed consent procedures. We describe the development and testing of a digital informed consent app and elaborate on whether this may contribute to a comprehensive and practical procedure to obtain informed consent for public health research.
Methods: In a sample of parents with young children, we used a mixed method approach to study the user experience of an informed consent app and evaluate whether it can be used to adequately inform people and register their consent. Through semi-structured interviews we investigated participants’ experiences with and opinions about the app, with a special focus on comprehensibility of the content and the usability of the app. Information retention questions were asked to evaluate to what extent participants could recall key aspects of the provided study information.
Results: The 30 participants in this study used the app between 4 to 15 minutes to give their consent. Overall, they found the app well-designed, informative and easy to use. To learn more about the study for which informed consent is asked, most of the participants chose to watch the animated film, which was generally found to convey information in a clear manner. The identification process was met with mixed reactions, with some feeling it as a secure way to give consent, while for others it contradicted their view of using data anonymously. Information retention questions showed that while all participants remembered various aspects of the study, fewer than half answered all four questions satisfactorily.
Conclusion: Our study shows that a well-designed informed consent app can be an effective tool to inform eligible participants and to record consents. Still, some issues remain, including trust barriers towards the identification procedure and lack of information retention in some participants. When implementing consent procedures that incorporate digital formats, it may be beneficial to also invest in a complementary face-to-face recruitment approach.
The Independent Contribution of Estimated Dead Space Fraction to Other Common Variables for Survival Analysis in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Chuang Ming-Lung , Wang Yu-Hsun , Lin I-Feng 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective: Mortality due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is increasing. However, dead space fractions at rest (VD/VTrest) and peak exercise (VD/VTpeak) and variables affecting health-related quality of life and survival have not been evaluated. This study aimed to investigate these issues.
Methods: This retrospective observational cohort study was conducted from 2010-2020. Patients with COPD who smoked, met the GOLD criteria, had available demographic, complete lung function test (CLFT), medication, acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD), Charlson Comorbidity Index, and survival data were enrolled. VD/VTrest and VD/VTpeak were estimated (estVD/VTrest and estVD/VTpeak). Univariate and multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analyses with stepwise variable selection were performed to estimate hazard ratios of all-cause mortality.
Results: Overall, 14,910 patients with COPD were obtained from the hospital database, and 456 were analyzed after excluding those without CLFT or meeting the lung function criteria. Of the 456 subjects, 81% had GOLD stages 2 and 3, highly elevated dead space fractions, mild air-trapping and diffusion impairment. The hospitalized AECOPD rate was 0.60±2.84/person/year. Forty-eight subjects (10.5%) died, including 30 with advanced cancer. The incidence density of death was 6.03 per 100 person-years. The crude risk factors for mortality were elevated estVD/VTrest, estVD/VTpeak, ³2 hospitalizations for AECOPD, advanced age, body mass index (BMI) <18.5 kg/m2, and cancer. The protective factors were high peak expiratory flow%, adjusted diffusing capacity%, alveolar volume%, and BMI 24-26.9 kg/m2. In stepwise Cox regression analysis after excluding cancer, estVD/VTrest and BMI <18.5 kg/m2 were risk factors, whereas BMI 24-26.9 kg/m2 was protective.
Conclusion: Cancer was the main cause of all-cause mortality in this study; however, estVD/VTrest and BMI were independent prognostic factors for COPD after excluding cancer. VD/VTrest can be estimated with the predictive formula; however, its clinical implications for survival prediction should be interpreted with caution until the formula has been validated.
Charpy Absorbed Energy in Simulated Heat-affected Zone of Laser-arc Hybrid Welded Joints by High Strength Steel for Bridge Structures
Authors: CHEN Gang , HIROHATA Mikihito , SAKAI Natsumi , HYOMA Kengo , MATSUMOTO Naoyuki , INOSE Koutarou 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The application of laser-arc hybrid welding (so called, hybrid welding) to the fabrication of steel bridge members has recently been investigated. One-pass full-penetration butt joints of Steels for Bridge High performance Structure (SBHS400 and SBHS500) with a thickness of 15 mm were performed by hybrid welding. The sound butt joints by hybrid welding were confirmed by a series of tests. The Charpy impact test was performed on the test pieces extracted from the hybrid welded butt joints with specified test temperatures. A phenomenon known as Fracture Path Deviation (FPD) occurred in most test pieces, due to a large variation in material properties of the heat-affected zone (HAZ), resulting in the difficulty of estimating the toughness of HAZ in hybrid welded joints. Therefore, the Charpy impact test was conducted on the test pieces subjected to the welding thermal cycle tests of hybrid welding, which can exclude the heterogeneity of material properties and obtain the Charpy absorbed energy of the HAZ with high accuracy. The test results indicated that FPD was not observed in all thermal cycle simulated test pieces because the uniform metallographic structures in the vicinity of the notch were formed by the simulated thermal cycle tests, and all thermal cycle simulated test pieces satisfied 47 J at the specified test temperatures, a value that prevents brittle fracture for SBHS. Besides, for investigating the effect of the high Charpy absorbed energy guaranteed by SBHS on the toughness of hybrid welded joints, the Charpy absorbed energy of the thermal cycle simulated test pieces of SBHS and those of conventional steel (SM400B) were compared. The results showed that some of the thermal cycle simulated test pieces of SM400B failed to satisfy 27 J, suggesting that SBHS may ensure a Charpy absorbed energy of 47 J or more in the HAZ of hybrid welded joints.
Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin inhibits the development of triple negative breast cancer by enhancing antitumor immunity
Authors: Chen Yuanli , Zhu Mengmeng , Zhao Qian , Zhang Wenwen , Zhang Shuang , Xu Hongmei , Zhang Baotong , Duan Yajun , Han Jihong , Yang Xiaoxiao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a most aggressive type of breast cancer without effective therapies. Cyclodextrin, a cyclic oligosaccharide is used as drug delivery carrier with cholesterol lowering property. However, whether cyclodextrin can inhibit the proliferation and migration of TNBC as well as the underlying mechanisms are unclear. In the present study, we demonstrated that 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) inhibited the growth and metastasis of TNBC both in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, the antitumor effects of HP-β-CD were also observed in a mouse melanoma model. Mechanistically, we initially determined that cholesterol supplementation can attenuate HP-b-CD-inhibited TNBC growth and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. In vivo, HP-β-CD promoted the infiltration of T cells into the tumor microenvironment (TME) and improved exhaustion of CD8+ T cells via reducing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and immune checkpoint molecules. Additionally, HP-β-CD inhibited the recruitment of tumor associated macrophages to the TME via reducing CCL2-p38MAPK-NF-kB axis. HP-β-CD also inhibited the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) of TNBC cells mediated by transforming growth factor-b (TGF-b) signaling pathway. In summary, the data in the current study suggest that HP-β-CD effectively inhibited proliferation and metastasis of TNBC and melanoma, highlighting HP-β-CD may be a potential general antitumor clinical drug.
An Efficient DDoS Attack Detection Mechanism in SDN Environment
Authors: Hnamte Vanlalruata , Hussain Jamal 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
As cyberattacks get more sophisticated, it becomes more difficult to identify advanced attacks in a wide variety of industries, including business, national defense, and healthcare. Traditional intrusion detection systems are insufficient to identify these sophisticated attempts with unpredictable patterns. Attackers evade recognized signatures and spoof legitimate users. While Software-Defined Network (SDN) provides greater innovation to the design of future networks, it is also more susceptible to network attacks. We present a system for the detection and protection of network attacks in the SDN environment using Deep Learning (DL) for addressing challenges. We use InSDN, the most recent IDS dataset specially developed for the SDN environment. InSDN includes sophisticated DoS and network attacks and, it is a publicly accessible dataset. Additionally, we compare the model performance trained using CIC-IDS2017 and CIC-DDoS2019 datasets respectively. We focus on the DDoS attack category in this study and create an intrusion detection DL model for SDN. We construct our model using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and assess its performance. Additionally, we propose the optimized CNN design for improved performance based on various evaluations.
Hydatid Disease Involving The Entire Femur Treated With Wide Resection And Reconstruction With Total Femur Replacement – A Case Report
Authors: Cabrolier Jorge , Ceballos Oscar , Segovia Mauricio , Tolosa Ricardo , Wevar Orlando 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Hydatid disease is a rare condition produced most commonly by the infection of Echinococcus granulosus. The disease typically affects the liver and lungs; osseous echinococcosis accounts only for a small portion of the cases. When bone is compromised, treatment can be challenging, and wide resection of infected bone might be needed to avoid recurrence.
Case presentation: A twenty-six-year-old man presented with a pathological fracture of his left femur. Imaging and histology studies were consistent with hydatid disease. Due to the extent of the lesion and high risk for recurrence, the treatment consisted of wide surgical excision and total femur replacement prosthesis associated with antihelmintic therapy. The patient completed two years of follow-up with no signs of local recurrence.
Conclusion: In cases of hydatid disease with extensive involvement of the femur, wide resection and reconstruction with a total femur prosthesis is a viable option that could lead to adequate functional results with no recurrence.
Persistent Intraoperative Hypoxemia in the right lateral decubitus position: a case report.
Authors: Wu Guowei , Song Haibo , Xu Hongwei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome is an extremely rare syndrome. Platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome is a group of diseases characterized by hypoxemia and dyspnea in the upright position and improvement in the supine position. In this case, severe hypoxemia occurred in the intraoperative right lateral decubitus position and was suspected to be associated with Platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome.
Case Presentation
An 85-year-old woman underwent surgery for a fracture of the left femoral neck. After the right lateral decubitus position, the patient presented with sustained low oxygen saturation and normal blood pressure which was maintained at the range of 180mmhg- 150mmhg/90-52mmhg lasting 45 minutes. Subsequently, arterial blood pressure and heart rate decreased. The patient was immediately placed in a supine position. In the supine position, all vital signs were back to normal.
Conclusion
This case may be a clinical manifestation of a specific POS syndrome, which provides a new differential diagnosis for intraoperative posture-related hypoxemia. Severe hypoxemia due to intraoperative position changes can be highly suspected as POS.
iTRAQ-based comparative proteomics reveal an enhancing role of PRDX6 in the freezability of Mediterranean buffalo sperm
Authors: Luo Xi , Liang Mingming , Huang Shihai , Xue Qingsong , Ren Xuan , Li Yanfang , Wang Jinli , Shi Deshun , Li Xiangping 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Semen cryopreservation is a critical tool for breed improvement and preservation of biodiversity. However, instability of sperm freezability affects its application. The Mediterranean buffalo is one of the river-type buffaloes with the capacity for high milk production. Until now, there is no specific cryopreservation system for Mediterranean buffalo, which influences the promotion of excellent cultivars. To improve the semen freezing extender used in cryopreservation of Mediterranean buffalo, different protein datasets relating to freezability sperm were analyzed by iTRAQ-based proteomics. This study will be beneficial for further understanding the sperm freezability mechanism and developing new cryopreservation strategy for buffalo semen.
Results
2652 quantified proteins were identified, including 248 significantly differentially expressed proteins (DEP). Gene Ontology (GO) analysis indicated that many these were mitochondrial proteins, enriched in the molecular function of phospholipase A2 activity and enzyme binding, and biological processes of regulation of protein kinase A signaling and motile cilium assembly. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis identified 17 significant pathways, including oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Furthermore, 7 DEPs were verified using parallel reaction monitoring or western blot, which confirmed the accuracy of the iTRAQ data. Peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6), which was expressed 1.72-fold higher in GFE compared to PFE sperm, was selected to explore the function in sperm freezability by adding recombinant PRDX6 protein into the semen freezing extender. The results showed that the motility, mitochondrial function and in vitro fertilization capacity of frozen-thawed sperm were significantly increased, while the oxidation level was significantly decreased when 0.1mg/L PRDX6 was added compared with blank control.
Conclusions
Above results revealed the metabolic pattern of freezability of Mediterranean buffalo sperms was negatively associated with OXPHOS, and PRDX6 had protective effect on cryo-damage of frozen-thawed sperms.
Experimental confirmation of drive pressure boosting and smoothing for hybrid-drive inertial fusion at the 100-kJ laser facility
Authors: Yan Ji , Li Jiwei , He Xian-Tu , Wang Lifeng , Chen Yao-Hua , Wang Feng , Han Xiaoying , Liang Juxi , Li Yulong , Guan Zanyang , Liu Xiangming , Che Xingsen , Chen Zhongjing , Zhang Xing , Xu Yan , Li Bin , He Minqing , Cai Hongbo , Hao Liang , Liu Zhanjun , Zheng Chunyang , Dai Zhensheng , Fan Zhengfeng , Qiao Bin , Li Fuquan , Jiang Shaoen , Yu Mingyang , Zhu Shaoping 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In laser-driven inertial fusion, drive pressure boosting and smoothing to suppress hydrodynamic instabilities are major challenge. A proposed hybrid-drive (HD) scheme of a coupling of the indirect-drive (ID) and direct-drive (DD) offers two new effects, ″bulldozer″ like and thermal smoothing, to boost and smooth the HD pressure far greater than the radiation ablation pressure to perform stable implosion and nonstagnation ignition. In this article, we report that such HD pressure was first verified experimentally by a planar ablator target in a semicylindrical hohlraum. Using laser energy of 43 kJ for ID and 3.6-4.0 kJ (intensity about 1.8×1015 W⁄cm2 ) for DD, the HD pressure measured by VISAR is about 3.5 times the radiation ablation pressure with measured radiation temperature 200 eV(peak) by FXRD. How the symmetric HD shock driven by the HD pressure catches up with and stops the asymmetric ID shock is observed as well. While total fractions for DD laser backscattering and hot electron energy about 4.5% and about 2%, respectively, both about one-third of the traditional DD for the same intensity, are measured.
Investigating Role of Tropical-extratropical Interactions in Formation of Atmospheric Rivers and Supplying Extreme-widespread Precipitation Moisture in Iran: A Case Study on March 25, 2019
Authors: Fahimi Helaleh , Faraji Abdollah , Alijani Buhloul , Asakereh Hossein , Raispour Koohzad 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the role of tropical-extratropical interactions in the formation of atmospheric rivers as an important source of moisture in extreme-widespread precipitation of Iran. Extreme precipitation events are extracted based on the 95th percentile index from 1989 to 2019 in Iran. Then, the threshold of widespread precipitation is determined. A day is defined as having extreme-widespread precipitation if one-third of the selected stations have mostly extreme precipitation. Finally, 9 days with the highest extreme precipitation and spatial continuity are selected. The upper air data of the 9 selected days are extracted and, accordingly, synoptic charts are plotted. The used data include ERA5, which are extracted from the lower (800 and 850 hPa) and middle (500, 600 and 700 hPa) levels. The results indicate an interaction with tropical circulation patterns by penetration of extratropical circulation patterns into tropical and subtropical regions. The interaction between patterns could lead to the formation of atmospheric rivers with tropical origin from ITCZ, their transport to subtropical and extratropical regions and their moisture supply along the path by different moisture sources in tropical, subtropical and extratropical regions. The formed atmospheric rivers are divided into two categories, namely continental and oceanic, based on their formation origin. The continental atmospheric river is formed at the lower level and, in some cases, at the middle level, while the oceanic atmospheric river is only formed at the middle level. With the emergence of atmospheric rivers in Iran, there have been extreme-widespread precipitation events due to unstable conditions and rising atmosphere.
The rworkflows suite: automated continuous integration for quality checking, documentation website creation, and containerised deployment of R packages
Authors: Schilder Brian M. , Murphy Alan E. , Skene Nathan G. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Reproducibility is essential to the progress of research, yet achieving it remains elusive even in computational fields. Continuous Integration (CI) platforms offer a powerful way to launch automated workflows to check and document code, but often require considerable time, effort, and technical expertise to setup. We therefore developed the rworkflows suite to make robust CI workflows easy and freely accessible to all R package developers (https://github.com/neurogenomics/rworkflows). rworkflows consists of 1) a CRAN/Bioconductor-compatible R package template, 2) an R package to quickly implement a standardised workflow, and 3) a centrally maintained GitHub Action. Each time it is triggered by a push to a GitHub repository, it automatically creates virtual machines across multiple OS, installs all dependencies, runs code checks, builds/deploys a documentation website, and builds/deploys version-controlled containers with a built-in RStudio interface.
Additional analyses demonstrate that >50% of all R packages are only available via GitHub, highlighting the need for accessible solutions. Thus, rworkflows greatly reduces the barriers to implementing robust and reproducible best practices.