bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors for histological chorioamnionitis among women with preterm prelabour rupture of membranes after dexamethasone treatment: a retrospective study
Authors: Peng Jing , Chen Ying , Wan Sheng , Zhou Tianfan , Chang Yu‐Sin , Zhao Xiaobo , Hua Xiaolin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate reliable biomarkers for predicting histological chorioamnionitis (HCA) in women with preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (PPROM).DesignA retrospective study.SettingA maternity care hospital in Shanghai.PopulationWomen with PPROM before 34+0/7 weeks of gestation.MethodsMean values of biomarkers were compared by two‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Log‐binomial regression models were used to assess the association between biomarkers and risk of HCA. A stepwise logistic regression model was used to develop a multi‐biomarker prediction model and identify the independent predictors. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to assess prediction performance.Main outcome measuresThe ability of the individual biomarker and the combination of multiple biomarkers to predict HCA.ResultsIn 157 mothers with PPROM, 98 (62.42%) women had HCA and 59 (37.58%) women did not have HCA. No significant differences were observed between the two groups in white blood cell, neutrophil or lymphocyte counts, whereas both high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hsCRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) were significantly higher in the HCA group. HsCRP and PCT were found to be independently associated with the risk of HCA, and PCT had a larger AUC value than hsCRP (p < 0.05). The optimal multi‐biomarker prediction model for HCA (AUC = 93.61%) included hsCRP at 72 hours and PCT at 48 and 72 hours, and PCT had a stronger prediction capacity than hsCRP.ConclusionsPCT could be a reliable biomarker for the early prediction of HCA in women with PPROM within 72 hours of dexamethasone treatment.
A call for justice work in agricultural and applied economics
Authors: Wilson Norbert Lance Weston 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis presidential address calls the membership to explore ways of doing justice work in their research, teaching, extension, and outreach activities. By sharing my story and developing a content analysis of presidential addresses and invited papers published in the Agricultural and Applied Economics Association journals, I demonstrate how race has shaped my work and the need for additional work in this area. Through this example, I hope that members of the profession will find new inspiration to do justice work.
Willingness to receive and provide resources in Europe's non‐remunerated and remunerated collaborative consumption
Authors: Majetić Filip , Perez‐Vega Rodrigo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRooted in theory of planned behavior (TPB) supplemented with self‐determination theory (SDT), this study explores determinants of willingness to receive and provide resources in Europe's non‐remunerated and remunerated collaborative consumption (CC). The exploration was conducted within a single research model by assessing the role of (a) TPB constructs reflecting attitude towards participation in CC, perceived social pressure to engage, and perceived level of difficulty that engagement requires and (b) SDT constructs of environmental, social, and economic motives for participation. The data were collected through an online questionnaire, and the structural relationships were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Willingness to consume in non‐remunerated and remunerated CC was positively directly influenced by social pressure to engage in CC and participation being perceived as pleasant, negatively by the level of difficulty that engagement requires, as well as positively indirectly influenced by environmental concern and sociability. Additionally, environmental concern had positive direct effect on willingness to consume only in the remunerated context. Willingness to provide in non‐remunerated CC was positively directly influenced by perceiving participation as pleasant and indirectly by environmental concern and sociability. Resource provision in remunerated CC was not explained by any of the determinants.
Outcome of early treatment of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in patients with haematological disorders
Authors: Mikulska Malgorzata , Testi Diletta , Russo Chiara , Balletto Elisa , Sepulcri Chiara , Bussini Linda , Dentone Chiara , Magne Federica , Policarpo Sílvia , Campoli Caterina , Miselli Filippo , Cilli Alessandro , Ghiggi Chiara , Aquino Sara , Di Grazia Carmen , Giannella Maddalena , Giacobbe Daniele Roberto , Vena Antonio , Raiola Anna Maria , Bonifazi Francesca , Zinzani Pierluigi , Cavo Michele , Lemoli Roberto , Angelucci Emanuele , Viale Pierluigi , Bassetti Matteo , Bartoletti Michele 
Published: February 2023

SummaryOutcome of early treatment of COVID‐19 with antivirals or anti‐spike monoclonal antibodies (MABs) in patients with haematological malignancies (HM) is unknown. A retrospective study of HM patients treated for mild/moderate COVID‐19 between March 2021 and July 2022 was performed. The main composite end‐point was treatment failure (severe COVID‐19 or COVID‐19‐related death). We included 328 consecutive patients who received MABs (n = 120, 37%; sotrovimab, n = 73) or antivirals (n = 208, 63%; nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, n = 116) over a median of two days after symptoms started; 111 (33.8%) had non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL); 89 (27%) were transplant/CAR‐T (chimaeric antigen receptor T‐cell therapy) recipients. Most infections (n = 309, 94%) occurred during the Omicron period. Failure developed in 31 patients (9.5%). Its independent predictors were older age, fewer vaccine doses, and treatment with MABs. Rate of failure was lower in the Omicron versus the pre‐Omicron period (7.8% versus 36.8%, p < 0.001). During the Omicron period, predictors of failure were age, fewer vaccine doses and diagnosis of acute myeloid leukaemia/myelodysplastic syndrome (AML/MDS). Independent predictors of longer viral shedding were age, comorbidities, hospital admission at diagnosis, NHL/CLL, treatment with MABs. COVID‐19‐associated mortality was 3.4% (n = 11). The mortality in those who developed severe COVID‐19 after early treatment was 26% in the Omicron period. Patients with HM had a significant risk of failure of early treatment, even during the Omicron period, with high mortality rate.
Clinical characteristics of patients undergoing primary bariatric surgery in the United Kingdom based on the National Bariatric Surgery Registry
Authors: Bolckmans Roel , Askari Alan , Currie Andrew , Ahmed Ahmed R. , Batterham Rachel L. , Byrne James , Hopkins James , Khan Omar A. , Mahawar Kamal , Miras Alexander Dimitri , Pring Chris M. , Small Peter K. , Welbourn Richard 
Published: February 2023

SummaryBaseline demographic characteristics and operations undertaken for patients having bariatric surgery in the United Kingdom are largely unknown. This study aimed to describe the profile of patients having primary bariatric surgery in the National Health Service (NHS) or by self‐pay, and associated operations performed for both pathways. The National Bariatric Surgery Registry dataset for 5 years between January 2015 and December 2019 was used. 34 580 patients underwent primary bariatric surgery, of which 75.9% were NHS patients. Mean patient age and initial body mass index were significantly higher for NHS compared to self‐pay patients (mean age 45.8 ± 11.3 [SD] vs. 43.0 ± 12.0 years and initial body mass index 48.0 ± 7.9 vs. 42.9 ± 7.3 kg/m2, p < .001). NHS patients were more likely to have obesity‐related complications compared to self‐pay patients: prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus 27.7% versus 8.3%, hypertension 37.1% versus 20.1%, obstructive sleep apnoea 27.4% versus 8.9%, severely impaired functional status 19.3% versus 13.9%, musculoskeletal pain 32.5% versus 20.1% and being on medication for depression 31.0% versus 25.9%, respectively (all p < .001). Gastric bypass was the most commonly performed primary NHS bariatric operation 57.2%, but sleeve gastrectomy predominated in self‐pay patients 48.7% (both p < .001). In contrast to self‐pay patients, NHS patients are receiving bariatric surgery only once they are older and at a much more advanced stage of obesity‐related disease complications.
Generalized additive models for categorical count data: An exploration of the decline of queen triggerfish Balistes vetula in the Bahamas and Turks and Caicos
Authors: Urquhart John P. , Olson Donald B. , Babcock Elizabeth A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCitizen science is growing in importance for ecosystem management and long‐term monitoring. A large marine citizen‐science project operated by the Reef Environmental Education Foundation (2021, Reef environmental education foundation volunteer fish survey project database, World Wide Web electronic publication) collected logarithmic categorical data for species abundance across a number of otherwise understudied reefs in The Bahamas and Turks and Caicos during 1994–2020. We used several statistical models to estimate the presence and abundance of trends from these data. Variously specified abundance and presence‐absence models were fit to simulated count data, simulated categorized count data, and real‐world categorical data for Queen Triggerfish (Balistes vetula). These models produced simple patterns of presence and abundance from simulated data with minimal bias that were reasonable predictions based on cross‐validation. Based on model‐based estimates of presence and abundance, the Queen Triggerfish population decreased significantly in The Bahamas and Turks and Caicos during 1994–2020. This simple method for imputing abundance from size‐category counts at the level of individual diver observations, rather than aggregated across multiple observations, allows for higher resolution modeling of predictors of presence and abundance, with implications for other understudied reef‐dwelling species.
Instruments for measuring empowering patient education competence of nurses: Systematic review
Authors: Eskolin Silja‐Elisa , Inkeroinen Saija , Leino‐Kilpi Helena , Virtanen Heli 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimThis review aimed to identify validated self‐reported instruments used to measure nurses' competence or attribute(s) of competence in empowering patient education, to describe their development and main content and critically appraise and summarize the quality of the instruments.DesignSystematic review.Data SourcesElectronic databases of PubMed, CINAHL and ERIC were searched from January 2000 to May 2022.Review MethodsData was extracted following predetermined inclusion criteria. With the support of the research group, two researchers performed data selection and appraised the methodological quality using the COnsensus‐based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement INstruments checklist (COSMIN).ResultsA total of 19 studies reporting 11 instruments were included. The instruments measured varied attributes of competence and the contents were heterogenous reflecting the complex nature of both empowerment and competence as concepts. Overall, the reported psychometric properties of the instruments and methodological quality of the studies were at least adequate. However, there was variation in the testing of the instruments' psychometric properties and lack of evidence limited the evaluation of both the methodological quality of the studies and quality of instruments.ConclusionThe psychometric properties of the existing instruments assessing nurses' competence in empowering patient education need to be tested further, and future instrument development should be built on a clearer definition of empowerment as well as on more rigorous testing and reporting. In addition, continued efforts to clarify and define both empowerment and competence on the conceptual level are needed.ImpactEvidence on nurses' competence in empowering patient education and its valid and reliable assessment instruments is scarce. Existing instruments are heterogenous and are often missing proper testing of validity and reliability. These findings contribute to further research on developing and testing the instruments of competence in empowering patient education and strengthening nurses' empowering patient education competence in the clinical practice.
The burden of pre‐admission pain, depression, and caregiving on palliative care needs for seriously ill trauma patients
Authors: Abbas Muhammad , Reich Amanda Jane , Wang Yihan , Hu Frances Y. , Bollens‐Lund Evan , Kelley Amy S. , Cooper Zara 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionIncreasing numbers of individuals admitted to hospitals for trauma are older adults, many of whom also have underlying serious illnesses. Older adults with serious illness benefit from palliative care, but the palliative care needs of seriously ill older adults with trauma have not been elucidated. We hypothesize that older adults with serious illness have a high prevalence of pain, depression, and unpaid caregiving hours before trauma admission.MethodsUsing Health and Retirement Study data (2008–2018) linked to Medicare claims, we identified patients 66 years or older who met an established definition of serious illness in surgery and were admitted with trauma. Descriptive analyses were performed for baseline patient characteristics, pre‐admission pain (dichotomized as none/mild vs. moderate/severe), depression (dichotomized as no, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale [CES‐D] < 3 vs. yes, CES‐D ≥ 3), and unpaid caregiving hours (dichotomized as low (<30 h/month), high (≥30 h/month)).ResultsWe identified 1741 patients, 67.4% were female and 86.8% White. Mean age was 83 (SD 7.5), and 60.3% had ≥4 comorbidities. The majority (62.9%) were admitted due to falls, 33.5% had isolated hip fracture. The prevalence of baseline moderate/severe pain and depression were 38.1% and 42.6%, respectively. Among the cohort, 42.2% had unpaid caregiving, of those 27.7% had ≥30 h/week of unpaid caregiving hours.ConclusionsPrior to trauma admission, older adults with serious illness have a high prevalence of pain, depression, and unpaid caregiving hours. These findings may inform targeted palliative care interventions to reduce symptom burden and post‐discharge healthcare utilization.
Real Interest Rates, Bank Borrowing, and Fragility
Authors: AHNERT TONI , ANAND KARTIK , KÖNIG PHILIPP JOHANN 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHow do real interest rates affect financial fragility? We study this issue in a model where bank borrowing is subject to rollover risk. A bank's optimal borrowing trades off the benefit from investing additional funds into profitable assets with the cost of greater risk of a run by creditors. Changes in the interest rate affect the price and amount of borrowing, which influence bank fragility in opposite directions. Thus, the marginal impact of changes to the interest rate on bank fragility depends on the level of the interest rate. Finally, we derive testable implications that may guide future empirical work.
Factors That Influence Sleep Behaviors of High School Students: Findings From a Semi‐Rural Community in Georgia
Authors: Perez Zarate Raul , Colman Olivia , Blake Sarah C. , Watson Autumn , Lee Yi‐Ting H. , Grooms Kya , Quader Zerleen S. , Welsh Jean A. , Gazmararian Julie A. 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundInadequate sleep has been shown to have detrimental effects on academic performance, physical, mental, and emotional health among adolescents. Factors that influence sleep have been identified. However, most literature is currently limited to urban settings. This study sought to identify factors that influence sleep habits among high school students in a semi‐rural community.MethodsTwelve focus groups were conducted in‐person with separate groups of students, parents, and school staff in October 2019. Discussions focused on sleep experiences, knowledge, environment, and factors influencing sleep. Data were coded using grounded theory approach. Themes were identified through summative content analysis.ResultsFour major themes were identified: (1) inadequate sleep adversely affects academic performance and emotional health; (2) students face a gap in knowledge regarding sleep duration; (3) academic and nonacademic activities compete with sleep needs; and (4) night‐time use of technology negatively influences sleep habits.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that high school students do not get adequate sleep, largely due to the demands of academic and extracurricular activities and the use of electronics at night. These results can guide the development of targeted sleep education and intervention programs.
Paediatric sleep apnea event prediction using nasal air pressure and machine learning
Authors: Crowson Matthew G. , Gipson Kevin S. , Kadosh Orna Katz , Hartnick Elizabeth , Grealish Ellen , Keamy Donald G. , Kinane Thomas Bernard , Hartnick Christopher J. 
Published: February 2023

SummarySleep‐disordered breathing is an important health issue for children. The objective of this study was to develop a machine learning classifier model for the identification of sleep apnea events taken exclusively from nasal air pressure measurements acquired during overnight polysomnography for paediatric patients. A secondary objective of this study was to differentiate site of obstruction exclusively from hypopnea event data using the model. Computer vision classifiers were developed via transfer learning to either normal breathing while asleep, obstructive hypopnea, obstructive apnea or central apnea. A separate model was trained to identify site of obstruction as either adeno‐tonsillar or tongue base. In addition, a survey of board‐certified and board‐eligible sleep physicians was completed to compare clinician versus model classification performance of sleep events, and indicated very good performance of our model relative to human raters. The nasal air pressure sample database available for modelling comprised 417 normal, 266 obstructive hypopnea, 122 obstructive apnea and 131 central apnea events derived from 28 paediatric patients. The four‐way classifier achieved a mean prediction accuracy of 70.0% (95% confidence interval [67.1–72.9]). Clinician raters correctly identified sleep events from nasal air pressure tracings 53.8% of the time, whereas the local model was 77.5% accurate. The site of obstruction classifier achieved a mean prediction accuracy of 75.0% (95% confidence interval [68.7–81.3]). Machine learning applied to nasal air pressure tracings is feasible and may exceed the diagnostic performance of expert clinicians. Nasal air pressure tracings of obstructive hypopneas may “encode” information regarding the site of obstruction, which may only be discernable by machine learning.
Food insecurity and insomnia‐related symptoms among adults from low‐ and middle‐income countries
Authors: Jacob Louis , Smith Lee , Kostev Karel , Oh Hans , Gyasi Razak M. , López Sánchez Guillermo F. , Song Tae‐Jin , Tully Mark A. , Haro Josep Maria , Yon Dong Keon , Shin Jae Il , Koyanagi Ai 
Published: February 2023

SummaryLittle is known about the relationship between food insecurity and sleep problems in low‐ and middle‐income countries, while the mediators of this association are largely unknown. Therefore, we investigated the association between food insecurity and insomnia‐related symptoms in six low‐ and middle‐income countries (i.e., China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russia, South Africa), and the potential mediators of this relationship. Cross‐sectional, nationally representative data from the Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health (2007–2010) were analysed. Past 12‐month food insecurity was assessed with two questions on the frequency of eating less, and on hunger owing to a lack of food. Insomnia‐related symptoms referred to severe or extreme sleep problems in the past 30 days. Multivariable logistic regression and mediation analysis were conducted. Data on 42,489 adults aged ≥18 years were analysed (mean [standard deviation] age 43.8 [14.4] years; 50.1% females). The prevalence of any food insecurity and insomnia‐related symptoms was 11.9% and 4.4%, respectively. After adjustment, compared with no food insecurity, moderate (odds ratio = 1.53, 95% confidence interval = 1.11–2.10) and severe food insecurity (odds ratio = 2.35, 95% confidence interval = 1.56–3.55) were significantly associated with insomnia‐related symptoms. Anxiety, perceived stress, and depression mediated 27.7%, 13.5%, and 12.5% of the relationship between any food insecurity and insomnia‐related symptoms, respectively (total percentage = 43.3%). Food insecurity was positively associated with insomnia‐related symptoms in adults from six low‐ and middle‐income countries. Anxiety, perceived stress, and depression explained a substantial proportion of this relationship. Addressing food insecurity itself or the identified potential mediators among people with food insecurity may lead to a reduction in sleep problems among adults in low‐ and middle‐income countries, pending confirmation with longitudinal studies.
Siblings in lockdown: International evidence for birth order effects on child adjustment in the Covid19 pandemic
Authors: Hughes Claire , Ronchi Luca , Foley Sarah , Dempsey Caoimhe , Lecce Serena ,   I‐Fam Covid Consortium
Published: February 2023

AbstractSupportive family relationships may mitigate the impact of the Covid19 pandemic on young children's adjustment, but existing work is limited by its focus on within‐country variation and parental influences. Addressing these gaps, and drawing on reported buffering effects of older siblings on child mental health (Lawson and Mace, 2010), the current international study examined whether child adjustment problems were, on average, elevated by the pandemic and whether this buffering effect of older siblings would be maintained. In the first wave of the Covid19 pandemic (April to July 2020), 2516 parents of 3‐ to 8‐year‐old children living in Australia, China, Italy, Sweden, United Kingdom, and United States of America—six countries with contrasting governmental responses to the pandemic—completed an online survey about family experiences and relationships and child adjustment, as indexed by ratings on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ: R. Goodman, 1997). As expected, child SDQ total difficulty scores were elevated in all sites except Sweden (which notably did not enforce mass school closures). Compared to children without siblings, children with one or more older siblings showed fewer adjustment problems. Children from lone‐parent households displayed more adjustment problems, as did those whose parents reported increased sibling conflict. Finally, child adjustment problems were negatively associated with family socio‐economic status, but positively related to the indices of Covid‐19 family disruption and government stringency. We discuss these findings in relation to existing work on asymmetric effects of older versus younger siblings, and siblings as sources of support.