bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Penanaman akhlak mulia siswa melalaui kegiatan Kokurikuler Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI)
Authors: Nurhaeni Siti , Herawati Herawati 
Published: February 2023

<p class="15bIsiAbstractBInggris">The limited hours of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) lessons are a problem complained about by PAI teachers. In fact, there are many co-curricular activities outside the classroom that can be made to strengthen Islamic Religious Education learning. The purpose of this study is to survey six schools that conduct religious co-curricular activities and see the effectiveness of these activities. Data were collected through observation, interviews and questionnaires. The results of the data were analyzed with descriptive analysis. Based on the data processing that has been done, it is concluded that the six schools used as research objects agree that the process of co-curricular activities of Islamic religious education (PAI) can have an impact on the Islamic morals of students.</p><p class="16aJudulAbstrak"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p class="16bIsiAbstrak">Terbatasnya jam pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) menjadi masalah yang dikeluhkan oleh para guru PAI. Padahal ada banyak kegiatan kokurikuler di luar kelas yang dapat dibuat untuk menguatkan pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan survei di enam sekolah yang melakukan kegiatan kokurikuler keagamaan dan melihat keefektivitasan dari kegiatan tersebut. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalaui observasi, wawancara dan kuesioner. Hasil data dianalisis dengan analisis deskriptif. Berdasarkan pengolahan data yang telah dilakukan, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa enam sekolah yang dijadikan sebagai objek penelitian menyatakan setuju bahwa proses kegiatan kokurikuler pendidikan agama Islam (PAI) dapat berdampak terhadap akhlak Islami peserta didik.</p>
PROSES BIOLOGI DALAM PERKEMBANGAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN DAN KHASANAH ISLAM
Authors: Kencanawati Indah 
Published: February 2023

Biological knowledge holding a very important role in following the times. The concept itself is to discuss about development of science processes and natural events of the standpoint of science as well as contained in the Quran. Phenomenally science can be seen as a product, the process and paradigm of ethics (attitudes and value) in the processes that require a proof, so that will be verified in accordance with the concept, law and supported theories. Not only that, but it also discusses about how the process and the study of science which summarized in a group of physical and chemical science as well. Along with the times, former beliefs which hold the main role in the process of the mindset of human has eliminated, such as public confidence in the ancient times to the phenomenon of natural, for example, the process of the occurrence of rain. It was believed as an expression of God is crying, as witnessed his servants „acts on the earth. Pengetahuan biologi memegang peranan yang sangat penting dalam mengikuti perkembangan zaman. Konsepnya sendiri membahas tentang proses-proses perkembangan ilmu dan kejadian-kejadian alam baik dari sudut pandang ilmu pengetahuan maupun yang tertuang dalam Al-Qur‟an. Ilmu secara fenomenal dapat dipandang sebagai produk, proses dan paradigma etika (sikap dan nilai) dalam proses-prosesnya yang memerlukan sebuah pembuktian, sehingga akan teruji kebenarannya sesuai dengan konsep, hukum dan teori-teori pendukungnya. Tidak hanya itu tetapi juga akan dibahas bagaimana proses dan kajian dengan ilmuilmu yang terangkum dalam kelompok physical science dan ilmu-ilmu kimia juga. Seiring dengan perkembangan zaman kepercayaan-kepercayaan yang dahulunya memegang peranan yang utama dalam proses pola pikir manusia juga telah dapat dihilangkan, seperti kepercayaan masyarakat pada zaman dahulu terhadap penomena alam misalnya, proses terjadinya hujan, dipercayai sebagai ungkapan Tuhan sedang menangis, karena menyaksikan perbuatan hambanya dipermukaan bumi.
KEBIJAKAN FISKAL DAN MONETER DALAM PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI ISLAM
Authors: Al-Fadli Al-Fadli 
Published: February 2023

Islam does not separate between what is required for people with efforts to achieve human prosperity, but it makes two things are related. Muslims consider the interests of individual communities simultaneously. When Islam organize a society problem, it noticed the interests of individuals, thus in vise versa when setting individual interests, community interests are not ignored. This paper outlines a sistematic way how the rules of Islam are in the economy macro, especially in matters of monetary policy and physical (monetary and fiscal policy). However, before entering into the study of monetary policy in Islam economy, it should be emphasized that Islam forbids the practice of usury. Fiscal policy is government policy to use instruments such as tax-fiscal instruments (tax), transfer, or government spending (government spending / purchase) intended to affect the macro-economic indicators such as economic growth and inflation. In general, fiscal policy is a form of macro-economic policies in government where the achievement of objectives focused on goods within the country (domestic goods), household, and corporate / private / entrepreneur. Monetary policy (monetary policy) is an effort to control macroeconomic circumstances in order to be able to run as desired by setting the amount of money circulating in the economy. That effort aims tomakeprice stability and inflation Islam tidak memisahkan antara apa yang wajib bagi masyarakat dengan upaya mewujudkan kesejahteraan manusia, tapi menjadikannya dua hal yang berhubungan. Islam memperhatikan kepentingan individu dan masyarakat secara bersamaan. Ketika Islam mengatur masalah masyarakat, ia memperhatikan kepentingan individu, demikian sebliknya ketika mengatur kepentingan individu, kepentingan masyarakat tidak diabaikan.Tulisan ini menguraikan secara sistematis bagaimana aturan-aturan ekonomi Islam secara makro itu, khususnya dalam masalah kebijakan moneter dan fiskal ( monetary dan fiskal policy). Kebijakan fiskal adalah kebijakan pemerintah dengan menggunakan instrument-instrument fiskal seperti pajak (tax), transfer, atau belanja pemerintah (government spending/purchase) yang ditujukan untuk mempengaruhi indikatorindikator makro ekonomi seperti pertumbuhan ekonomi dan inflasi.Secara umum, kebijakan fiskal adalah bentuk kebijakan ekonomi makro dalam pmerintah di mana pencapaian sasarannya difokuskan pada barang-barang di dalam negeri (domesticgoods), rumah tangga, ataupun perusahaan/swasta/pengusaha. Kebijakan moneter (monetarypolicy) adalah suatu usaha dalam mengendlikan keadaan ekonomi makro agar dapat berjalan sesuai dengan yang diinginkan melalui pengaturan jumlah uang yang beredar dalam perekonomian. Usaha tersebut dilakukan agar terjadi kestabilan harga dan inflasi.
UTANG PIUTANG DALAM PERSPEKTIF FIQIH
Authors: Sonafist Y. 
Published: February 2023

The economic crisis is often the case that have an impact on the global financial crisis and resulting financial conditions of individuals and families experiencing instability. Many have suddenly become poor or otherwise many who suddenly become rich. The next result is empirically many people who sell loans or receivables to others with cash because of being pressured by the needs that must be met. Buying and selling in this form in terms fiqhiyyah is called Bai'uddain; for example, person A owes the B. Agreement is corroborated by accounts payable certificate. Due to the urgent need, certificate of accounts payable were sold B to person C, and based on the certificate, the C collect the debt on the A. Or the A book or asked for an item (say furnishings) on the B and has been partially paid the price (perskot), then after that if A is in need of money and need cash, so he sold the debt on the C with a slight advantage. So, how is the law of sale and purchase of loans or receivables (Bai 'al-dain) is in the perspective of Islamic perspective? seems the scholars have different opinions about this. More can be read in the following text. Krisis perekonomian yang sering terjadi kadang-kadang membawa dampak pada krisis keuangan global dan mengakibatkan kondisi keuangan perorangan dan keluarga mengalami ketidak-stabilan. Banyak yang mendadak menjadi miskin atau sebaliknya banyak yang mendadak menjadi kaya. Akibat selanjutnya secara empirik banyak, orang yang menjual hutang atau piutangnya kepada orang lain dengan uang cash karena terdesak oleh kebutuhan yang harus segera dipenuhi. Jual beli dalam bentuk ini dalam istilah fiqhiyyah disebut Bai’uddain; misalnya si A berutang pada si B. Perjanjian hutang piutang dikuatkan dalam akte perjanjian hutang piutang. Karena kebutuhan yang mendesak, akte perjanjian hutang piutang tersebut dijual B kepada si C, dan berdasarkan akte tersebut, si C menagih hutang pada si A.Atau si Amemesan atau minta dibuatkan suatu barang (katakanlah perabot) pada si B dan telah dibayar sebagian harga (perskot), lalu setelah itu si A mengalami kesulitan ekonomi dan butuh uang cash, maka ia menjual utangnya itu pada si C dengan sedikit keuntungan. Lantas, bagaimanakah hukum jual beli hutang atau piutang (Bai’ al-dain) ini dalam perspektif Fiqh Islam? nampaknya para ulama berbeda pendapat tentang hal ini. Selengkapnya dapat dibaca dalam tulisan berikut.
Horse Purslane (Trianthema portulacastrum L.) Interference on Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)
Authors: Mubeen Khuram , Sarwar Naeem , Wasaaya Allah , Yasir Tauqir A. , Farooq Omer , Amir Hafiz M. , Ghaffar Abdul , Ikram Rao M. , Aziz Mudassir , Shehzad Muhammad , Khaliq Abdul , Ahmad Wazir , Raza Hassan 
Published: February 2023

A field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of horse purslane on mungbean productivity at the research farm of MNS-University of Agriculture Multan during Kharif season of 2018. For this purpose, 10 experimental treatments including T1 (weed free for the whole season), T2 (horse purslane free for 20 days after emergence, DAE), T3 (horse purslane free for 40 DAE), T4 (horse purslane free for 60 DAE), T5 (all weeds free for 20 DAE), T6 (all weeds free for 40 DAE), T7 (all weeds free for 60 DAE), T8 (weedy check with all weeds), T9 (weedy check except horse purslane) and T10 (weedy check containing only horse purslane) were used. The experiment was carried out under RCBD (Randomized complete block design) and replicated thrice. Data was recorded for different growth and yield related traits of mungbean by using standard procedures. Data recorded were statistically analyzed and treatment means were compared by using Tuckey’s test @ 5% probability level. Results showed that maximum number of grains per pod (10.66), number of pods plant-1 (28.00), 1000 grain weight (68.40 g), grain yield (1.9 t ha-1) were noticed in the plots which were kept weed free. Hence it may be concluded that for maximum yield, farmers should control horse purslane at early stage of the crop.
Construction and application of the genome-scale metabolic model of Streptomyces radiopugnans
Authors: Zhang Zhidong , Guo Qi , Qian Jinyi , Ye Chao , Huang He 
Published: February 2023

Geosmin is one of the most common earthy-musty odor compounds, which is mainly produced by Streptomyces. Streptomyces radiopugnans was screened in radiation-polluted soil, which has the potential to overproduce geosmin. However, due to the complex cellular metabolism and regulation mechanism, the phenotypes of S. radiopugnans were hard to investigate. A genome-scale metabolic model of S. radiopugnans named iZDZ767 was constructed. Model iZDZ767 involved 1,411 reactions, 1,399 metabolites, and 767 genes; its gene coverage was 14.1%. Model iZDZ767 could grow on 23 carbon sources and five nitrogen sources, which achieved 82.1% and 83.3% prediction accuracy, respectively. For the essential gene prediction, the accuracy was 97.6%. According to the simulation of model iZDZ767, D-glucose and urea were the best for geosmin fermentation. The culture condition optimization experiments proved that with D-glucose as the carbon source and urea as the nitrogen source (4 g/L), geosmin production could reach 581.6 ng/L. Using the OptForce algorithm, 29 genes were identified as the targets of metabolic engineering modification. With the help of model iZDZ767, the phenotypes of S. radiopugnans could be well resolved. The key targets for geosmin overproduction could also be identified efficiently.
Integrated radiochemotherapy study of ZIF-8 coated with osteosarcoma-platelet hybrid membranes for the delivery of Dbait and Adriamycin
Authors: Du Longhai , Zhu Guanghao , Xu Yanlong , Han Binxu , Wang Yu , Zhu Minhui , Meng Yingdi , Chen Huaiwen , Yu Zuochong 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: The toxic side effects of systemic high-dose chemotherapy and poor sensitivity to radiotherapy hinder the survival rate of patients with osteosarcoma (OS). Nanotechnology offers new solutions for OS treatment; however, conventional nanocarriers suffer from inadequate targeting of tumors and short in vivo circulation time.Methods: Here, we designed a novel drug delivery system, [Dbait-ADM@ZIF-8]OPM, which uses OS-platelet hybrid membranes to encapsulate nanocarriers, to enhance the targeting and circulation time of nanocarriers, thereby enabling high enrichment of the nanocarriers in OS sites.Results: In the tumor microenvironment, the pH-sensitive nanocarrier, which is the metal-organic framework ZIF-8, dissociates to release radiosensitizer Dbait and the classical chemotherapeutic agent Adriamycin for the integrated treatment of OS via radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Benefiting from the excellent targeting ability of the hybrid membrane and the outstanding drug loading capacity of the nanocarrier, [Dbait-ADM@ZIF-8]OPM showed potent anti-tumor effects in tumor-bearing mice with almost no significant biotoxicity.Conclusion: Overall, this project is a successful exploration of the combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy of OS treatment. Our findings solve the problems of the insensitivity of OS to radiotherapy and the toxic side effects of chemotherapy. Furthermore, this study is an expansion of the research of OS nanocarriers and provides new potential treatments for OS.
Clinical application of the modified posterolateral approach for treating posterior tibial plateau fractures
Authors: Shuaishuai Wang , Minglei Zhang , Yue Yu , Dapeng Wang , Tongtong Zhu , Huimin Liu 
Published: February 2023

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of the modified posterolateral approach on tibial plateau fractures.Methods: Forty-four patients with tibial plateau fractures were enrolled in the study and divided into two groups—control and observation—according to the different surgical procedures. The control group underwent fracture reduction via the conventional lateral approach, while the observation group underwent fracture reduction via the modified posterolateral strategy. The depth of tibial plateau collapse, active mobility, and the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score and Lysholm score of the knee joint at 12 months after surgery were assessed in comparison to the two groups.Results: The amount of blood loss (p &lt; 0.01), duration of surgery (p &lt; 0.05), and depth of tibial plateau collapse (p &lt; 0.001) were significantly less in the observation group compared with the control group. In addition, compared with the control group, the observation group exhibited significantly better knee flexion and extension function and significantly higher HSS and Lysholm scores at 12 months after surgery (p &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: The modified posterolateral approach for posterior tibial plateau fractures has less intraoperative bleeding and a shorter operative time compared with the conventional lateral approach. It also effectively prevents postoperative tibial plateau joint surface loss and collapse, promotes the recovery of knee function, and has few postoperative complications and good clinical efficacy. Thus, the modified approach is worth promoting in clinical practice.
Development of a quaternary ammonium poly (amidoamine) dendrimer-based drug carrier for the solubility enhancement and sustained release of furosemide
Authors: Murugan E. , Yogaraj V. 
Published: February 2023

Furosemide (FRSD) is a loop diuretic that has been categorized as a class IV drug according to the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS). It is used in the treatment of congestive heart failure and edema. Owing to low solubility and permeability, its oral bioavailability is very poor. In this study, two types of poly (amidoamine) dendrimer-based drug carriers (generation G2 and G3) were synthesized to increase the bioavailability of FRSD through solubility enhancement and sustained release. The developed dendrimers enhanced the solubility of FRSD 58- and 109-fold, respectively, compared with pure FRSD. In vitro studies demonstrated that the maximum time taken to release 95% of the drug from G2 and G3 was 420–510 min, respectively, whereas for pure FRSD the maximum time was only 90 min. Such a delayed release is strong evidence for sustained drug release. Cytotoxicity studies using Vero and HBL 100 cell lines through an MTT assay revealed increased cell viability, indicating reduced cytotoxicity and improved bioavailability. Therefore, the present dendrimer-based drug carriers are proven to be prominent, benign, biocompatible, and efficient for poorly soluble drugs, such as FRSD. Therefore, they could be convenient choices for real-time applications of drug delivery.
Effect of exposure to radiation caused by an atomic bomb on endothelial function in atomic bomb survivors
Authors: Kishimoto Shinji , Oda Nozomu , Maruhashi Tatsuya , Tanigawa Shunsuke , Mizobuchi Aya , Yusoff Farina Mohamad , Fujita Asuka , Uchiki Toshio , Kajikawa Masato , Yoshimura Kenichi , Yamaji Takayuki , Harada Takahiro , Hashimoto Yu , Nakano Yukiko , Hirota Seiko , Yoshinaga Shinji , Goto Chikara , Nakashima Ayumu , Higashi Yukihito 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of exposure to radiation caused by an atomic bomb in atomic bomb survivors on vascular function and vascular structure and to evaluate the relationships of radiation dose from the atomic bomb with vascular function and vascular structure in atomic bomb survivors.MethodsFlow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) and nitroglycerine-induced vasodilation (NID) as indices of vascular function, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) as an index of vascular function and vascular structure, and brachial artery intima-media thickness (IMT) as an index of vascular structure were measured in 131 atomic bomb survivors and 1,153 control subjects who were not exposed to the atomic bomb. Ten of the 131 atomic bomb survivors with estimated radiation dose in a cohort study of Atomic Bomb Survivors in Hiroshima were enrolled in the study to evaluate the relationships of radiation dose from the atomic bomb with vascular function and vascular structure.ResultsThere was no significant difference in FMD, NID, baPWV, or brachial artery IMT between control subjects and atomic bomb survivors. After adjustment of confounding factors, there was still no significant difference in FMD, NID, baPWV, or brachial artery IMT between control subjects and atomic bomb survivors. Radiation dose from the atomic bomb was negatively correlated with FMD (ρ = −0.73, P = 0.02), whereas radiation dose was not correlated with NID, baPWV or brachial artery IMT.ConclusionThere were no significant differences in vascular function and vascular structure between control subjects and atomic bomb survivors. Radiation dose from the atomic bomb might be negatively correlated with endothelial function.
Comparison of Madden-Julian oscillation in three super El Niño events
Authors: Li Lifeng , Chen Xiong , Li Chongyin , Li Xin , Yang Minghao 
Published: February 2023

This paper investigated the characteristics of Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) in three super El Niño events (i.e., 1982/83, 1997/98 and 2015/16 El Niño events) based on reanalysis data. MJO with apparent eastward propagation can be observed during the developing stages of these three super El Niño events. Enhanced MJO zonal wind was observed over the western Pacific, especially in 1997/98 and 2015/16 El Niño events, which is mainly attributed to the effects of tropical background circulation and extratropical anomalous circulation. During the mature stages of 1982/83 and 1997/98 El Niño events, MJO with noticeable eastward propagation cannot be observed, and the MJO zonal wind amplitude at 850 hPa was weakened (enhanced) over the Indian Ocean and western Pacific (central and eastern Pacific). However, MJO zonal wind amplitude over the central and eastern Pacific was enhanced and the prominent eastward propagation was also found in the mature stage of 2015/16 El Niño. The eastward propagation of MJO was also observed during the decaying stages of the three super El Niño events, but its intensity was weaker compared with the developing and mature stages. The abnormal activity of MJO during the mature and decaying stages may be closely related to the characteristics in circulation and moisture anomalies caused by El Niño and the seasonal cycle of circulation and moisture. In addition, this study found that the RMM index and MJO zonal wind amplitude may lead to contradictory results in identifying the characteristics of MJO activity, especially during the developing and decaying stages.
Influence of NCF architecture on the morphology of forming induced wrinkling
Authors: Jimenez Martin Claudia , Maes Vincent K. , McMahon Turlough , Kratz James 
Published: February 2023

Biaxial Non-Crimp Fabrics (NCFs) offer the high deposition rates needed to meet the increased production rate targets of the aerospace industry, but formability remains an issue for complex parts. In this study a large scale, complex geometry with a span of 2 m is used to study wrinkle patterns in NCF preforms and how they are influenced by several key NCF parameters. Wrinkle dimensions are captured in 3D scans and used as a proxy metric for “formability”. Results show that whereas location and shape of the wrinkling are driven by geometry, wrinkle size and its metrics (amplitude, wavelength, aspect ratio) are driven by the NCF architecture. In addition, conflicting trends on wrinkle size observed show the complexity of forming as a process. The results presented show the importance of using several characterisation methods and not reducing wrinkling characterisation to a single data point or set.