bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Catalytic Linkage Engineering of Covalent Organic Frameworks for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Li Xuewen , Yang Shuai , Liu Minghao , Yang Xiubei , Xu Qing , Zeng Gaofeng , Jiang Zheng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMetal‐free covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have been employed to catalyze the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). To achieve high activity and selectivity, various building blocks containing heteroatoms and groups linked by imine bonds were used to create catalytic COFs. However, the roles of linkages of COFs in ORR have not been investigated. In this work, the catalytic linkage engineering has been employed to modulate the catalytic behaviors. To create single catalytic sites while avoiding other possible catalytic sites, we synthesized COFs from benzene units linked by various bonds, such as imine, amide, azine, and oxazole bonds. Among these COFs, the oxazole‐linkage in COFs enables to catalyze the ORR with the highest activity, which achieved a half‐wave potential of 0.75 V and a limited current density of 5.5 mA cm−2. Moreover, the oxazole‐linked COF achieved a conversion frequency (TOF) value of 0.0133 S−1, which were 1.9, 1.3, and 7.4‐times that of azine‐, amide‐ and imine‐COFs, respectively. The theoretical calculation showed that the carbon atoms in oxazole linkages facilitated the formation of OOH* and promoted protonation of O* to form the OH*, thus advancing the catalytic activity. This work guides us on which linkages in COFs are suitable for ORR.
Cloning and characterization of Aedes aegypti blood downregulated chymotrypsin II
Authors: Borovsky Dov , Rougé Pierre 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAedes aegypti adult and larval blood downregulated chymotrypsin II was cloned, sequenced and its 3D conformation modeled. Cloning of the enzymes from adult and larval guts indicated that both genes sit at the same location on Chromosome 2. Genomic analyses showed that larval and adult genes are the same and both have four exons and three introns that are located on an 8.32 Kb DNA in direction with the Ae. aegypti genome. The adult and larval transcript synthesis is controlled by alternative splicing explaining small difference in the amino acids sequences. Chymotrypsin II that was extracted from guts of sugar‐fed and at 48 after blood feeding showed a pH optimum of 4–5 with a broad shoulder of activity from pH 6 to 10. Dot blot analyses show that the enzyme's transcript is downregulated after females take a blood meal and upregulated at 48 h after the blood meal. A Chymotrypsin II transcript was also detected in the larval gut during different times of larval developmental stages, indication that Ae. aegypti chymotrypsin II is synthesized by adults and larval guts. The possibility that JH III and 20HE play an active role in the regulation is discussed.
Synthesis of o‐carboranyl‐acyl‐substituted diazo compounds from B(4)‐acylmethyl carboranes and 2‐azido‐1,3‐dimethylimidazolinium hexafluorophosphate
Authors: Maeng Chanyoung , Ko Gi Hoon , Lee Kyungsup , Noh Hee Chan , Park Dae Su , Lee Phil Ho 
Published: April 2023

AbstractReaction of B(4)‐acylmethyl o‐carborane with 2‐azido‐1,3‐dimethylimidazolinium hexafluorophosphate (ADMP) in the presence of 1,8‐diazabicyclo[5.4.0]‐undec‐7‐ene (DBU) in acetonitrile at 25 °C for 3 h produced a wide range of o‐carboranyl‐acyl‐substituted diazo compounds in high yields with good functional group tolerance.
Sample pretreatment and HPLC determination of antiplatelet drug ticagrelor in blood plasma from patients with acute coronary syndromes
Authors: Sunarić Slavica , Mladenov Kristina , Nikolić Valentina , Pavlović Milan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA simple HPLC method was developed for the determination of antiplatelet drug ticagrelor (TCG) in blood. Sample preparation and extraction conditions were investigated and optimized. The preparation of blood plasma was investigated by protein precipitation using perchloric acid, methanol, acetonitrile (ACN), and trifluoroacetic acid. Protein precipitation using ACN was found to be the most suitable. Chromatographic separation of TCG was performed on a C18 column with a mobile phase consisting of ACN and 15 mM ammonium acetate buffered at pH 8.0. The method was applied to determine TCG in blood plasma of patients who had a heart attack. Blood samples were collected 1.5 h after the administration of the initial loading dose of the antiplatelet drug. The average concentration of TCG was found to be 0.97 ± 0.53 μg/ml. The developed method proved to be very selective, without interferences from other endogenous substances and the influences of possible coadministered drugs. The limits of detection and quantification estimated by the signal‐to‐noise ratio in real samples were 0.24 and 0.4 μg/ml, respectively. The developed method is simple and can be easily applied in clinics and emergency cardiac situations after the initial loading dose of TCG in the first few hours of a heart attack.
CHOsynthetic promoters improve expression and product quality of biotherapeutic proteins
Authors: Sou Si Nga , Harris Claire L. , Williams Rebecca , Kozub Dorota , Zurlo Fabio , Patel Yash D. , Kallamvalli Illam Sankaran Praveen , Daramola Olalekan , Brown Adam , James David C. , Hatton Diane , Dunn Sarah , Gibson Suzanne J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWhen expressing complex biotherapeutic proteins, traditional expression plasmids and methods may not always yield sufficient levels of high‐quality product. High‐strength viral promoters commonly used for recombinant protein (rProtein) production in mammalian cells allow for maximal expression, but provide limited scope to alter their transcription dynamics. However, synthetic promoters designed to provide tunable transcriptional activity offer a plasmid engineering approach to more precisely regulate product quality, yield or to reduce product related contaminants. We substituted the viral promoter CMV with synthetic promoters that offer different transcriptional activities to express our gene of interest in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Stable pools were established and the benefits of regulating transgene transcription on the quality of biotherapeutics were examined in stable pool fed‐batch overgrow experiments. Specific control of gene expression of the heavy chain (HC):light chain (LC) of a Fab, and the ratio between the two HCs in a Duet mAb reduced levels of aberrant protein contaminants; and the controlled expression of the helper gene XBP‐1s improved expression of a difficult‐to‐express mAb. This synthetic promoter technology benefits applications that require custom activity. Our work highlights the advantages of employing synthetic promoters for production of more complex rProteins.
Psychological crisis intervention for students during COVID‐19 lockdown in China
Authors: Fan Zhaolan , Yang Hanbo , Su Yaling , Wang Wenna 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study aims to describe the experience and practice of an intervention process for mental health crisis with 14,093 students living in a suddenly quarantined campus during the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsAn expert committee of psychiatrists, psychologists and student counsellors was formed to manage the psychological crisis experienced by students. The committee provided online and onsite support, disclosed timely information, attended various online courses and facilitated various activities. Using the PHQ‐9, GAD‐7 and ISI scales, psychological weekly reports, student files and emergencies, students who were likely to have a crisis event were screened, and their degree of crisis was evaluated. A “one person–one case–one team” intervention was conducted for high‐risk students.ResultsOf the 14,093 students, 11,121 finished all three online questionnaires. Based on the results of the screening tests, 732 students were placed in the prioritised attention group, 293 in the crisis group and 33 (10 [3.41%] male and 23 [7.85%] female) showed severe suicidal intentions. In total, 186 (3.26%) students declared poor sleep quality, while 610 (10.05%) students were found to have depression. The number of students affected with generalised anxiety was 650 (10.77%). Clinical intervention was successful with no untoward incidents.ConclusionsWith strong support from the government, and the cooperation between multidisciplinary experts and the comprehensive intervention programme, the study obtained positive results. However, the limitations include the partial online survey responses and incomplete records of intervention. Nevertheless, the findings of this study could provide a foundation for further research.
Modulating Energy Transfer and Light‐Emitting Colors by Chiral Dye Exchange and Achiral‐to‐Chiral Dye Conversion
Authors: Jia Mingkai , Zheng Haifeng , Zhang Yongsheng , Zhang Xin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNew chiral and achiral dyes were synthesized by using clean, highly efficient Diels–Alder ‘click’ reactions. We prepared pure endo‐ and exo‐ stereoisomers and blue‐light‐emitting single crystal of an exo‐isomer. 1H NMR spectroscopy and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction reveal the precise spatial configurations of endo‐ and exo‐dye stereoisomers. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction results reveal the dynamic nature of Diels–Alder covalent bonds. By reversible formation and cleavage of dynamic covalent bonds, an achiral dye was converted to a chiral dye, where achiral dansyl dye moiety was replaced by chiral moiety. Before achiral‐to‐chiral dye conversion, the dye system displayed dansyl acceptor green light‐emitting color due to intramolecular fluorescence resonance energy transfer, where the blue emission of pyrene donor fluorophore was not observed. After achiral‐to‐chiral dye conversion, light‐emitting colors of dye system change from green to blue, where the pyrene‐to‐dansyl fluorophore energy transfer was suppressed, and pyrene fluorophore blue emission was restored. Chiral transfer occurs in a chiral dye solid from non‐chromophore alky chirality to pyrene chromophore. Thus, the chiral dye solid displayed chiral optical behaviors, i. e., circular dichroism and circularly polarized luminescence.
Relay intercropping cover crop combined with reduced nitrogen application improves subsequent cotton agronomic traits while maintaining yield and quality
Authors: Guo Xiaoyan , Zhang Zhenggui , Sun Guilan , Xiong Shiwu , Han Yingchun , Wang Guoping , Li Cundong , Li Yabing , Zhang Yongjiang , Wang Zhanbiao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractApplying cover crops to reduce nitrogen (N) fertilizer application while ensuring crop productivity is a major challenge for sustainable agricultural production. However, few studies have quantified N fertilizer application reduction through the use of February orchid (Orychophragmus violaceus) cover crops with the goal of ensuring cotton productivity. We conducted field experiments in the Yellow River basin on two cropping systems, monoculture cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L) and cotton/February orchid under four levels of N application (0 [N0], 112.5 [N1], 168.75 [N2], and 225 [N3] kg N·ha−1), to evaluate the impacts of cover cropping on cotton growth parameters, yield, and quality under different N application levels. The results indicated that replacing winter fallow with February orchid prolonged the cotton growth period and increased plant height, leaf area index (LAI), and dry matter accumulation but did not improve cotton yield or fiber quality. The Cotton/February orchid system under a 168.75 kg ha−1 N application rate improved cotton growth, and achieved yield and quality equivalent to those of monoculture cotton under a 225 kg ha−1 N application. Further analysis revealed that February orchid cover crop and N application positively affected lint yield, whereas plant height, LAI, and dry matter accumulation (positively) and phenology (negatively) predicted lint yield and fiber quality. In conclusion, cotton relay intercropping with February orchid in combination with 168.75 kg ha−1 N application is recommended as a suitable cropping system to reduce fallow fields and ensuring cotton productivity in the Yellow River basin and other areas with similar ecological conditions.
A bermudagrass variant exhibits strong tolerance to low temperature associated with enhanced sugar metabolism and cold‐responsive pathways
Authors: Li Zhou , Huang Cheng , Zhao Junming , Yu Guohui , Huang Ting , Peng Yan , Hassan Muhammad Jawad 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAs a warm‐season turfgrass, bermudagrass (Cynodon) is sensitive to low ambient temperature. The objectives of this study were to evaluate cold tolerance of a new variant Chuannong‐3 under field condition and to further elucidate metabolic and molecular bases of cold tolerance in the Chuannong‐3 as compared to triploid Tifdwarf (Cynodon transvaalensis × Cynodon dactylon) and tetraploid common bermudagrass 001 (C. dactylon). The Chuannong‐3 was identified as a triploid bermudagrass based on ploidy analysis. Chuannong‐3, Tifdwarf, or common bermudagrass 001 exhibited different tolerance to low temperature in field (Chuannong‐3 > common bermudagrass 001 > Tifdwarf). The Chuannong‐3 maintained significantly lower oxidative damage to cell membrane system, chlorophyll loss, and inhibition of photochemical efficiency as well as higher water‐soluble carbohydrate content than Tifdwarf or common bermudagrass 001 in winter of 2022 and 2021. Further study found that Chunanong‐3 exhibited the highest glucose, fructose, sucrose, raffinose content, raffinose synthase activity, and CdSPS1 expression as compared to Tifdwarf and common bermudagrass 001, which provided potential protection against chilling and freezing damages. Chilling and freezing stresses significantly up‐regulated ABA‐dependent (endogenous ABA level, CdABF1, CdDHN4, and CdLEA3) and ABA‐independent (CdWRKY2, CdCBF1, and CdCOR440) pathways in three bermudagrasses, but the most pronounced effects were detected in the Chuannong‐3. These findings indicated that Chuannong‐3 had better ability to acclimate to low temperature stress in relation to up‐regulation of sugar accumulation and metabolism, ABA signaling, and CBF‐COR pathway. This new variant Chuannong‐3 could be a valuable bermudagrass grown in temperate and transition zones.
Multi‐location trials identify stable high‐yielding spring bread and durum wheat cultivars in Mexico
Authors: Valenzuela‐Antelo Jorge L. , Benitez‐Riquelme Ignacio , Vargas‐Hernandez Mateo , Huerta‐Espino Julio , Bentley Alison R. , Villaseñor‐Mir Hector E. , Piñera‐Chavez Francisco J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDetermining the stability and consistency of grain yield performance requires accurate evaluation of genotypes in different environments. In Mexico, annual national spring wheat irrigated trials (ENTRI) are conducted to assess elite bread (Triticum aestivum L.) and durum (Triticum durum L.) wheat performance in different testing environments (TEs) in the main wheat‐growing areas. These trials provide data supporting release of new cultivars and aim to also address Mexican wheat value chain grain needs. This study analyzed grain yield performance of 30 bread and durum wheat cultivars grown in trials in the 2012–2013 and 2013–2014 growing cycles conducted across TEs in northwest, north, and central Mexico. Environmental variability (location, sowing timing, and irrigation schemes) across the ENTRI enabled genotype by environment interaction to be effectively evaluated. Bread and durum wheat genotypes with high and stable grain yield were also identified and compared across TEs of the wheat‐growing areas of Mexico. The bread wheat cultivars Bacorehuis F2015 and Borlaug100 F2014, and the durum cultivars Barobampo C2015, CONASIST C2015, and Anatoly C2011 were high yielding and gave stable performance in most of the TEs. This analysis demonstrates the utility of multi‐year, multi‐environment testing and analysis to identify improved wheat cultivars to meet wheat production demand in Mexico. It also provides useful testing and analysis methods for selection of suitable broadly as well as locally adapted varieties in other wheat producing regions of the world.
Endoscopic and video capsule endoscopic observation of Yersinia enterocolitis
Authors: Marubashi Kyouko , Takagi Hitoshi , Wakagi Tadatake , Takakusagi Satoshi , Yokoyama Youzou , Kizawa Kazuko , Kosone Takashi , Uraoka Toshio 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA woman in her late 20s suffered from epigastralgia following lower abdominal pain with diarrhea. Kampo medicine relieved the complaints, but the pain recurred a month later. She had immigrated from Vietnam to Japan 6 months before the onset of the abdominal pain. Blood test findings were almost within normal limits, except for mild C‐reactive protein elevation and positive Helicobacter pylori antibody findings. Colonoscopy revealed an edematous cobblestone‐like appearance at the end of the ileum with irregular ulceration mimicking Crohn's disease. Video capsule endoscopy was performed to detect lesions in the small intestine and demonstrated irregular ileal ulcer, reminiscent of Crohn's disease. A biopsy performed during colonoscopy demonstrated granulomatous inflammation with a moderate accumulation of plasma cells and mononuclear cells. The bacterial culture of the biopsy specimen proved the growth of Yersinia enterocolitica. Levofloxacin 500 mg for 7 days rapidly relieved abdominal pain. Yersinia enterocolitis is rare in developed countries, but as a differential diagnosis for Crohn's disease, it is important to treat. This is the first case report of the video capsule endoscopy findings of Yersinia enterocolitis. Video capsule endoscopy can help to confirm the spread of the lesions of Yersinia enterocolitis.
Hyponatraemia and changes in natraemia during hospitalization for acute heart failure and associations with in‐hospital and long‐term outcomes – from theESC‐HFA EORPHeart Failure Long‐Term Registry
Authors: Kapłon‐Cieślicka Agnieszka , Benson Lina , Chioncel Ovidiu , Crespo‐Leiro Maria G. , Coats Andrew J.S. , Anker Stefan D. , Ruschitzka Frank , Hage Camilla , Drożdż Jarosław , Seferovic Petar , Rosano Giuseppe M.C. , Piepoli Massimo , Mebazaa Alexandre , McDonagh Theresa , Lainscak Mitja , Savarese Gianluigi , Ferrari Roberto , Mullens Wilfried , Bayes‐Genis Antoni , Maggioni Aldo P. , Lund Lars H. ,   on behalf of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the ESC Heart Failure Long‐Term Registry Investigators
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimsTo comprehensively assess hyponatraemia in acute heart failure (AHF) regarding prevalence, associations, hospital course, and post‐discharge outcomes.Methods and resultsOf 8298 patients in the European Society of Cardiology Heart Failure Long‐Term Registry hospitalized for AHF with any ejection fraction, 20% presented with hyponatraemia (serum sodium <135 mmol/L). Independent predictors included lower systolic blood pressure, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and haemoglobin, along with diabetes, hepatic disease, use of thiazide diuretics, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, digoxin, higher doses of loop diuretics, and non‐use of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers and beta‐blockers. In‐hospital death occurred in 3.3%. The prevalence of hyponatraemia and in‐hospital mortality with different combinations were: 9% hyponatraemia both at admission and discharge (hyponatraemia Yes/Yes, in‐hospital mortality 6.9%), 11% Yes/No (in‐hospital mortality 4.9%), 8% No/Yes (in‐hospital mortality 4.7%), and 72% No/No (in‐hospital mortality 2.4%). Correction of hyponatraemia was associated with improvement in eGFR. In‐hospital development of hyponatraemia was associated with greater diuretic use and worsening eGFR but also more effective decongestion. Among hospital survivors, 12‐month mortality was 19% and adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) were for hyponatraemia Yes/Yes 1.60 (1.35–1.89), Yes/No 1.35 (1.14–1.59), and No/Yes 1.18 (0.96–1.45). For death or heart failure hospitalization they were 1.38 (1.21–1.58), 1.17 (1.02–1.33), and 1.09 (0.93–1.27), respectively.ConclusionAmong patients with AHF, 20% had hyponatraemia at admission, which was associated with more advanced heart failure and normalized in half of patients during hospitalization. Admission hyponatraemia (possibly dilutional), especially if it did not resolve, was associated with worse in‐hospital and post‐discharge outcomes. Hyponatraemia developing during hospitalization (possibly depletional) was associated with lower risk.
Synthesis of 3‐Arylselanyl Benzothiophenes through Visible‐Light‐Mediated Radical Cyclization
Authors: K P Sujith , Lee Anna 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA novel method for synthesizing 3‐arylselanyl benzothiophenes through visible‐light‐mediated radical cyclization was developed. Diaryl selenides were used as aryl selenium sources under the irradiation of white‐light‐emitting diodes (5 W). The reactions were conducted under mild conditions, where the desired products were obtained at room temperature (23 °C) without the need for catalysts or additives. This simple method allows for an efficient route for synthesizing benzothiophene derivatives, which are crucial scaffolds in organic synthesis.
Personalized treatment of neuropathic pain: Where are we now?
Authors: Bouhassira Didier , Attal Nadine 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe treatment of neuropathic pain remains a major unmet need that the development of personalized and refined treatment strategies may contribute to address.DatabaseIn this narrative review, we summarize the various approaches based on objective biomarkers or clinical markers that could be used.ResultsIn principle, the validation of objective biomarkers would be the most robust approach. However, although promising results have been reported demonstrating a potential value of genomics, anatomical or functional markers, the clinical validation of these markers has only just begun. Thus, most of the strategies documented to date have been based on the development of clinical markers. In particular, many studies have suggested that the identification of specific subgroups of patients presenting with specific combinations of symptoms and signs would be a relevant approach. Two main approaches have been used to identify relevant sensory profiles: quantitative sensory testing and specific patients reported outcomes based on description of pain qualities.ConclusionWe discuss here the advantages and limitations of these approaches, which are not mutually exclusive.SignificanceRecent data indicate that various new treatment strategies based on predictive biological and/or clinical markers could be helpful to better personalized and therefore improve the management of neuropathic pain.