bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study to Assess the Knowledge and Practices of Homemakers on Food Hygiene at Dhemaji District of Assam, India
Authors: Konch Kalyani , Sarmah Juliana 
Published: May 2023

A comparative study was conducted to assess the knowledge and practices among homemakers on food hygiene at Dhemaji District of Assam. The objectives of the study were to find out correlation between knowledge and practices of food hygiene among homemakers and to compare knowledge and practices of food hygiene practices among homemakers. In this research study descriptive research design was used. The sample selected for the present study was homemakers who have at least one refrigerator in her household. The sample size for the study was 120, out of which 60 from rural area, and 60 were from urban area were selected by simple sampling technique. The data was collected by using structured interview schedule developed by the researcher. The data was tabulated, analyzed and interpreted by both descriptive statistics on the basis of the objectives and hypothesis of the study. The study findings suggest that the knowledge is better in urban respondents than rural respondents & urban respondents are better in practices than rural respondents regarding food hygiene practices. The study was concluded that the there was highly positive significant relationship the knowledge of urban respondents and their practice on food hygiene.
Effect of Chitosan on Storage Behaviour of Sapota Manilkara achras (Mill) fosberg cv. ‘Kalipatti’
Authors: Saste M. M. , Kadam J. H. , Relekar P. P. 
Published: May 2023

The present study was undertaken to study the effect of chitosan treatments on the storage behaviour of sapota Manilkara achras (Mill) fosberg cv. Kalipatti is stored at ambient temperature. The climacteric rise in sapota fruits shortens the postharvest life and degrades the quality of the fruits. A polysaccharide like a chitosan has been used as an edible coating to extend the storage life of sapota fruits, which is an innovative approach for fruit preservation and sustainable development. Chitosan-based coatings have tremendous potential in several fruits to extend the shelf-life. An investigation was carried out to know the effectiveness of post-harvest treatments with edible coatings (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% chitosan) compared with the control. 1% chitosan coating resulted in maximum fruits (more than 75%) having a shelf life of 7 days under ambient condition which was at par with 1.5% chitosan coating. Chitosan coating reduced the physiological losses in weight as compared to the uncoated fruits. The maximum retention of physical parameters such as fruit firmness, specific gravity, colour L*, a* and b* values as well as slow ripening and less spoilage behaviour was observed in chitosan-coated sapota fruits.
Assessment of Parafoveal Diabetic Macular Ischemia on Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Images to Predict Diabetic Retinal Disease Progression and Visual Acuity Deterioration
Authors: Yang Dawei , Tang Ziqi , Ran Anran , Nguyen Truong X. , Szeto Simon , Chan Jason , Wong Cherie Y. K. , Hui Vivian , Tsang Ken , Chan Carmen K. M. , Tham Clement C. , Sivaprasad Sobha , Lai Timothy Y. Y. , Cheung Carol Y. 
Published: May 2023

ImportanceThe presence of diabetic macular ischemia (DMI) on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) images predicts diabetic retinal disease progression and visual acuity (VA) deterioration, suggesting an OCTA-based DMI evaluation can further enhance diabetic retinopathy (DR) management.ObjectiveTo investigate whether an automated binary DMI algorithm using OCTA images provides prognostic value on DR progression, diabetic macular edema (DME) development, and VA deterioration in a cohort of patients with diabetes.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this cohort study, DMI assessment of superficial capillary plexus and deep capillary plexus OCTA images was performed by a previously developed deep learning algorithm. The presence of DMI was defined as images exhibiting disruption of fovea avascular zone with or without additional areas of capillary loss, while absence of DMI was defined as images presented with intact fovea avascular zone outline and normal distribution of vasculature. Patients with diabetes were recruited starting in July 2015 and were followed up for at least 4 years. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the association of the presence of DMI with DR progression, DME development, and VA deterioration. Analysis took place between June and December 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresDR progression, DME development, and VA deterioration.ResultsA total of 321 eyes from 178 patients were included for analysis (85 [47.75%] female; mean [SD] age, 63.39 [11.04] years). Over a median (IQR) follow-up of 50.41 (48.16-56.48) months, 105 eyes (32.71%) had DR progression, 33 eyes (10.28%) developed DME, and 68 eyes (21.18%) had VA deterioration. Presence of superficial capillary plexus–DMI (hazard ratio [HR], 2.69; 95% CI, 1.64-4.43; P &amp;lt; .001) and deep capillary plexus–DMI (HR, 3.21; 95% CI, 1.94-5.30; P &amp;lt; .001) at baseline were significantly associated with DR progression, whereas presence of deep capillary plexus–DMI was also associated with DME development (HR, 4.60; 95% CI, 1.15-8.20; P = .003) and VA deterioration (HR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.01-5.22; P = .04) after adjusting for age, duration of diabetes, fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, mean arterial blood pressure, DR severity, ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer thickness, axial length, and smoking at baseline.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, the presence of DMI on OCTA images demonstrates prognostic value for DR progression, DME development, and VA deterioration.
Effects of emotional decorative pictures on cognitive load as assessed by pupil dilation and EEG frequency band power
Authors: Scharinger Christian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe present study examined the effects of decorative pictures (DP) on cognitive load during learning factual knowledge from texts assessed by physiological proxies, namely pupil dilation and the electroencephalogram (EEG) theta (4–6 Hz) and alpha (8–13 Hz) frequency band power at frontal and parietal electrodes, respectively. In a complete within‐subjects design the presence of DP positioned beside learning texts and the emotional content of the DP (i.e., negative, neutral, and positive DP) were manipulated. For DP present, pupil dilation and the EEG alpha frequency band power indicated increased cognitive load, specifically for negative DP. Behavioral performance measures (i.e., learning times and learning outcomes) were not affected by the presence of DP. Subjective effort ratings were also not affected by DP, although specifically the negative DP were subjectively perceived as distracting. In sum, DP only moderately affected cognitive load allowing subjects to compensate.
In Search of Covalent Organic Framework Photocatalysts: A DFT‐Based Screening Approach
Authors: Mourino Beatriz , Jablonka Kevin Maik , Ortega‐Guerrero Andres , Smit Berend 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs) stand out as prospective organic‐based photocatalysts given their intriguing optoelectronic properties, such as visible light absorption and high charge‐carrier mobility. The “Clean, Uniform, Refined with Automatic Tracking from Experimental Database” (CURATED) COFs is a database of reported experimental COFs that until now remained mostly unexplored for photocatalysis. In this study, the CURATED COFs database is screened for discovering potential photocatalysts using a set of DFT‐based descriptors that cost‐effectively assesses visible light absorption, preliminary thermodynamic feasibility of the desired pair of redox reactions, charge separation, and charge‐carrier mobility. The workflow can shortlist 13 COFs as prospective candidates for water splitting, and identify materials (Nx‐COF (x = 0–3)) that have been reported as candidates for hydrogen evolution reaction. Overall, the strategy addresses the challenge of exploring a large number of COFs by directing future research toward a selective group of COFs, while providing valuable insights into the structural design for achieving a desired photocatalytic process.
Boosting the Development of Hard Carbon for Sodium‐Ion Batteries: Strategies to Optimize the Initial Coulombic Efficiency
Authors: Yang Yunrui , Wu Chun , He Xiang‐Xi , Zhao Jiahua , Yang Zhuo , Li Lin , Wu Xingqiao , Li Li , Chou Shu‐Lei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGiven the merits of affordable cost, superior low‐temperature performance, and advanced safe properties, sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) have exhibited great development potential in large scale energy storage applications. Among various emerging carbonaceous anode materials applied for SIBs, hard carbon (HC) has recently gained significant attention regarding their relatively low cost, wide availability, and optimal overall performance. However, the insufficient initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) of HC is the main bottlenecks, which is inevitably hindering their further commercial applications. Herein, an in‐depth holistic exposition about the reasons causing the unsatisfied ICE and the recent advances on effective improvement strategies are comprehensively summarized in this review, which have been divided into two aspects including the intrinsic property (degree of graphitization, pore structure, defect, et al.) and the extrinsic factor (electrolyte, electrode materials, et al.). In addition, future prospects and perspectives on HC to enable practical application in SIBs are also briefly outlined.
Soft Electromagnetic Artificial Muscles Using High‐Density Liquid‐Metal Solenoid Coils and Bistable Stretchable Magnetic Housings
Authors: Shin Gyowook , Choi YeongJin , Jeon ByungJun , Choi Inrak , Song Sukho , Park Yong‐Lae 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSoft electromagnetic artificial muscles (SEAMs) that use electric currents are reported as their power sources. The proposed actuator consists of fully soft components: microfluidic coils, stretchable magnets, ferromagnetic silicone, and stretchable housings. The soft coils are fabricated by directly printing room‐temperature liquid metal on a stretchable substrate, enabling the generation of high‐density electromagnetic fields. Based on design optimization through modeling and simulation, the proposed actuators have a characteristic of bistability following the relationships of the forces acting on the components. Depending on the design configurations, the proposed actuators generate contraction and expansion motions as well as vibrations in a bidirectional manner, enabled by electromagnetic actuation. The main advantages of the proposed actuators are fully compliant structures, compact form factors, and short response times, which have not been observed in existing polymer‐based artificial muscles. Another advantage is the self‐detection of the actuation states by measuring the inductance change in the coils. Last, the modular design fully packaged with a coil and magnets in a soft housing makes it possible to easily resize and reconfigure the robotic systems with multiple actuator modules for different applications. Examples of applications demonstrated are a modular crawling robot, energy‐efficient grippers, a multi‐degrees of freedom (DOF) soft manipulator, and a high‐frequency swimming robot.
Nickel Metal‐Organic Framework/PVDF Composite Nanofibers‐based Self‐Powered Wireless Sensor for Pulse Monitoring of Underwater Divers via Triboelectrically Generated Maxwell's Displacement Current
Authors: Das Nishat Kumar , Ravipati Manaswini , Badhulika Sushmee 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWith the increasing need for underwater exploration to monitor environment, collect data or recreation, underwater diving and its associated technologies have drawn significant attention. So, a single‐electrode triboelectric nanogenerator (STENG) as self‐powered wireless sensor based on Maxwell displacement current concept for underwater usages to monitor arterial pulse and body movements of diver is demonstrated. The STENG is fabricated with an optimized 7.5 wt.% of hydrothermally synthesized Ni‐MOF and PVDF based composite nanofibers (Ni‐MOF/PVDF CNF) on copper foil as electronegative tribo‐material and electrospun nylon 66 nanofibers as electropositive tribo‐material. The PDMS encapsulation of STENG exhibits water‐proof properties with Voc, Isc, and charge output at 45 V, 0.77 µA, and 0.169 µC/cycle, respectively under single‐finger tapping. As pulse sensor, STENG monitors arterial pulse and wirelessly transmits information underwater (without external power), wherein STENG generated current creates polarized field in water to get transmitted within a certain distance. Additionally, STENG is demonstrated as a strain sensor to monitor joint movements like ‘elbow, shoulder, knee, etc. Detailed reliability studies reveal that the device is robust against multiple cycles of bending, retains its performance in saline/muddy water, and in the presence of obstacles in the transmission path, which confirms its potential in real life conditions for pulse monitoring of underwater divers.
Defect Engineering of MOF‐Based Membrane for Gas Separation
Authors: Li Shuo , Han Weiyao , An Quan‐Fu , Yong Ken‐Tye , Yin Ming‐Jie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are highly versatile materials that have been identified as promising candidates for membrane‐based gas separation applications due to their uniformly narrow pore windows and virtually unlimited structural and chemical features. Defect engineering of MOFs has opened new opportunities for manipulating MOF structures, providing a simple yet efficient approach for enhancing membrane separation. However, the utilization of this strategy to tailor membrane microstructures and enhance separation performance is still in its infancy. Thus, this summary aims to provide a guideline for tailoring defective MOF‐based membranes. Recent developments in defect engineering of MOF‐based membranes will be discussed, including the synthesis strategies for defective MOFs, the effects of defects on the gas adsorption properties, gas transport mechanisms, and recently reported defective MOF‐based membranes. Furthermore, the emerging challenges and future prospects will be outlined. Overall, defect engineering offers an exciting opportunity to improve the performance of MOF‐based gas membranes. However, there is still a long way to go to fully understand the influence of defects on MOF properties and optimize the design of MOF‐based membranes for specific gas separation applications. Nonetheless, continued research in this field holds great promise for the development of next‐generation membrane‐based gas separation technologies.
Tuneable Recombinant Spider Silk Protein Hydrogels for Drug Release and 3D Cell Culture
Authors: Arndt Tina , Chatterjee Urmimala , Shilkova Olga , Francis Juanita , Lundkvist Johan , Johansson Daniel , Schmuck Benjamin , Greco Gabriele , Nordberg Åsa Ekblad , Li Yan , Wahlberg Lars U , Langton Maud , Johansson Jan , Götherström Cecilia , Rising Anna 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHydrogels are useful drug release systems and tissue engineering scaffolds. However, synthetic hydrogels often require harsh gelation conditions and can contain toxic by‐products while naturally derived hydrogels can transmit pathogens and in general have poor mechanical properties. Thus, there is a need for a hydrogel that forms under ambient conditions, is non‐toxic, xeno‐free, and has good mechanical properties. A recombinant spider silk protein‐derived hydrogel that rapidly forms at 37 °C is recently developed. The temperature and gelation times are well‐suited for an injectable in situ polymerising hydrogel, as well as a 3D cell culture scaffold. Here, it is shown that the diffusion rate and the mechanical properties can be tuned by changing the protein concentration and that human fetal mesenchymal stem cells encapsulated in the hydrogels show high survival and viability. Furthermore, mixtures of recombinant spider silk proteins and green fluorescent protein (GFP) form gels from which functional GFP is gradually released, indicating that bioactive molecules are easily included in the gels, maintain activity and can diffuse through the gel. Interestingly, encapsulated ARPE‐19 cells are viable and continuously produce the growth factor progranulin, which is detected in the cell culture medium over the study period of 31 days.
An In Situ Electrochemical Amorphization Electrode Enables High‐Power High‐Cryogenic Capacity Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Shen Sicheng , Ma Dingtao , Ouyang Kefeng , Chen Yangwu , Yang Ming , Wang Yanyi , Sun Shichang , Mi Hongwei , Sun Lingna , He Chuanxin , Zhang Peixin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractQuick‐charge technology is of great significance for the development of aqueous zinc‐ion batteries. In this study, an unreported in situ electrochemical amorphization mechanism is highlighted to unlock the ultrafast‐kinetics electrode. Multiple characterizations, density functional theory calculation, and molecular dynamic simulation are applied to uncover the storage mechanism of electrodes, as well as the evolution of structure, and reaction kinetics after reconstruction. As revealed, the long‐range ordered ZnV2O4 crystalline can be reconstructed to a short‐range ordered Zn0.44V2O4 electrode, which exhibits significantly improved active sites, shortened diffusion path, and enhanced zinc ions capture ability. Notably, by pairing with the modified Zn anode, it can display ultrahigh rate capability (212 mAh g−1 at 50 A g−1) with a maximum power density of 23.2 kW kg−1, as well as good cycle performance (217.2 mAh g−1 after 3000 cycles at 20 A g−1). Unexpectedly, such reconstructed amorphous electrodes can also retain superior storage capability even at cryogenic conditions. A high specific capacity of 251 mAh g−1 can be delivered at −25°C and 1 A g−1, as well as an 84.3% capacity retention after 500 cycles. This brand‐new in‐situ electrochemical amorphization mechanism is expected to provide new insight into understanding the high‐performance aqueous zinc‐ion batteries.
Biodegradable Piezoelectric Polymers: Recent Advancements in Materials and Applications
Authors: Ali Mohsin , Bathaei Mohammad Javad , Istif Emin , Karimi Seyed Nasir Hosseini , Beker Levent 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRecent materials, microfabrication, and biotechnology improvements have introduced numerous exciting bioelectronic devices based on piezoelectric materials. There is an intriguing evolution from conventional unrecyclable materials to biodegradable, green, and biocompatible functional materials. As a fundamental electromechanical coupling material in numerous applications, novel piezoelectric materials with a feature of degradability and desired electrical and mechanical properties are being developed for future wearable and implantable bioelectronics. These bioelectronics can be easily integrated with biological systems for applications, including sensing physiological signals, diagnosing medical problems, opening the blood‐brain barrier, and stimulating healing or tissue growth. Therefore, the generation of piezoelectricity from natural and synthetic bioresorbable polymers has drawn great attention in the research field. Herein, the significant and recent advancements in biodegradable piezoelectric materials, including natural and synthetic polymers, their principles, advanced applications, and challenges for medical uses, are reviewed thoroughly. The degradation methods of these piezoelectric materials through in vitro and in vivo studies are also investigated. These improvements in biodegradable piezoelectric materials and microsystems could enable new applications in the biomedical field. In the end, potential research opportunities regarding the practical applications are pointed out that might be significant for new materials research.
A Biomimetic Nanoparticle Exerting Protection against Acute Liver Failure by Suppressing CYP2E1 Activity and Scavenging Excessive ROS
Authors: Yao Qing , Tang Yingying , Dai Sheng , Huang Lihui , Jiang Zewei , Zheng Shiming , Sun Meng , Xu Yitianhe , Lu Ruijie , Sun Tuyue , Huang Huirong , Jiang Xinyu , Yao Xiaomin , Lin Guangyong , Kou Longfa , Chen Ruijie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAcute liver failure (ALF) is a severe liver disease caused by many reasons. One of them is the overdosed acetaminophen (APAP), which is metabolized into N‐acetyl‐p‐benzoquinone imine (NAPQI), an excessive toxic metabolite, by CYP2E1, resulting in excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), exhausted glutathione (GSH), and thereafter hepatocyte necrosis. N‐acetylcysteine is the Food and Drug Administration‐approved drug for detoxification of APAP, but it has limited clinical application due to the short therapeutic time window and concentration‐related adverse effects. In this study, a carrier‐free and bilirubin dotted nanoparticle (B/BG@N) is developed, which is formed using bilirubin and 18β‐Glycyrrhetinic acid, and bovine serum albumin (BSA) is then adsorbed to mimic the in vivo behavior of the conjugated bilirubin for hitchhiking. The results demonstrate that B/BG@N can effectively reduce the production of NAPQI as well as exhibit antioxidant effects against intracellular oxidative stress via regulating the nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2/heme oxygenase‐1 signal axis and reducing the production of inflammatory factors. In vivo study shows that B/BG@N can effectively improve the clinical symptom of the mice model. This study suggests that B/BG@N own increases circulation half‐life, improves accumulation in the liver, and dual detoxification, providing a promising strategy for clinical ALF treatment.
Rapid and Facile Light‐Based Approach to Fabricate Protease‐Degradable Poly(ethylene glycol)−norbornene Microgels for Cell Encapsulation
Authors: Mora‐Boza Ana , Ghebrezadik Saron G. , Leisen Johannes E. , García Andrés J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThiol‐norbornene photoclickable poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG)‐based (PEG‐NB) hydrogels are attractive biomaterials for cell encapsulation, drug delivery, and regenerative medicine applications. Although many crosslinking strategies and chemistries have been developed for PEG‐NB bulk hydrogels, fabrication approaches of PEG‐NB microgels have not been extensively explored. Here, a fabrication strategy for 4‐arm amide‐linked PEG‐NB (PEG‐4aNB) microgels using flow‐focusing microfluidics for human mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (hMSCs) encapsulation is presented. PEG‐4aNB photochemistry allows high‐throughput, ultrafast generation, and cost‐effective synthesis of monodispersed microgels (diameter 340 ± 18, 380 ± 24, and 420 ± 15 µm, for 6, 8, and 10 wt% of PEG‐4aNB, respectively) using an in situ crosslinking methodology in a microfluidic device. PEG‐4aNB microgels show in vitro degradability due to the incorporation of a protease‐degradable peptide during photocrosslinking and encapsulated cells show excellent viability and metabolic activity for at least 13 days of culture. Furthermore, the secretory profile (i.e., MMP‐13, ICAM‐1, PD‐L1, CXCL9, CCL3/MIP‐1, IL‐6, IL‐12, IL‐17E, TNF‐α, CCL2/MCP‐1) of encapsulated hMSCs shows increased expression in response to IFN‐γ stimulation. Collectively, this work shows a versatile and facile approach for the fabrication of protease‐degradable PEG‐4aNB microgels for cell encapsulation.