bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic and metabolic investigations for neurodevelopmental disorders: position statement of the Canadian College of Medical Geneticists (CCMG)
Authors: Carter Melissa T , Srour Myriam , Au Ping-Yee Billie , Buhas Daniela , Dyack Sarah , Eaton Alison , Inbar-Feigenberg Michal , Howley Heather , Kawamura Anne , Lewis Suzanne M E , McCready Elizabeth , Nelson Tanya N , Vallance Hilary 
Published: February 2023

Purpose and scopeThe aim of this position statement is to provide recommendations for clinicians regarding the use of genetic and metabolic investigations for patients with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), specifically, patients with global developmental delay (GDD), intellectual disability (ID) and/or autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This document also provides guidance for primary care and non-genetics specialists caring for these patients while awaiting consultation with a clinical geneticist or metabolic specialist.Methods of statement developmentA multidisciplinary group reviewed existing literature and guidelines on the use of genetic and metabolic investigations for the diagnosis of NDDs and synthesised the evidence to make recommendations relevant to the Canadian context. The statement was circulated for comment to the Canadian College of Medical Geneticists (CCMG) membership-at-large and to the Canadian Pediatric Society (Mental Health and Developmental Disabilities Committee); following incorporation of feedback, it was approved by the CCMG Board of Directors on 1 September 2022.Results and conclusionsChromosomal microarray is recommended as a first-tier test for patients with GDD, ID or ASD. Fragile X testing should also be done as a first-tier test when there are suggestive clinical features or family history. Metabolic investigations should be done if there are clinical features suggestive of an inherited metabolic disease, while the patient awaits consultation with a metabolic physician. Exome sequencing or a comprehensive gene panel is recommended as a second-tier test for patients with GDD or ID. Genetic testing is not recommended for patients with NDDs in the absence of GDD, ID or ASD, unless accompanied by clinical features suggestive of a syndromic aetiology or inherited metabolic disease.
What happens in Vegas, stays in your lungs: an assessment of fine particulate matter in casinos that prohibit and allow smoking in Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
Authors: Tynan Michael A , Cohen Martin A , Harris Jeffrey R 
Published: February 2023

Introduction
Despite progress in adoption of smoke-free policies, smoking in casinos is allowed in some US states, including Nevada. In 2020, for the first time, a resort-style casino in Las Vegas prohibited smoking voluntarily. This study is the first to assess air quality in this casino and compare results with similar casinos that allow smoking.

Methods
A real-time personal aerosol monitor evaluated particulate matter with a diameter <2.5 µm (PM2.5), a surrogate for secondhand smoke (SHS). PM2.5 was measured at eight Las Vegas casinos, including the smoke-free casino. Each casino was visited twice, and PM2.5 was assessed in smoking-permitted gaming areas and areas where smoking is otherwise prohibited.

Results

Average PM2.5 levels were significantly higher in casinos that allow smoking, for both casino gaming areas and areas where smoking is otherwise prohibited (p<0.05). Mean PM2.5 in gaming areas was 164.9 µg/m
3
in casinos that allow smoking and 30.5 µg/m
3
in the smoke-free casino. Mean PM2.5 in areas where smoking is otherwise prohibited was 83.2 µg/m
3
in casinos which allowed smoking in gaming areas, and 48.1 µg/m
3
in the smoke-free casino.

Conclusion
Despite robust evidence about the harms of SHS, tens of thousands of casino employees and tens of millions of tourists are exposed to high levels of SHS in Las Vegas casinos annually, with PM2.5 levels 5.4 times higher in gaming areas when compared with a smoke-free casino. The only way to protect people from SHS exposure is to prohibit smoking in all indoor areas.
Complications and its risk factors of percutaneous subclavian vein catheters in pediatric patients: enhancing the outcomes of a university hospital in a low-income and middle-income country
Authors: Jarraya Anouar , Kammoun Manel , Chtourou Ameni , Ammar Saloua , Kolsi Kamel 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveAssessing central venous catheter-related complications with regular feedback and investigating risk factors are mandatory to enhance outcomes. The aim of this study is to assess our experience in the management of pediatric subclavian vein catheters (SVCs) and to investigate the main risk factors for complications.MethodsIn this prospective observational study, we included children aged 3 months to 14 years who underwent infraclavicular subclavian vein catheterization consecutively using the anatomic landmark technique. Patients were divided into two groups: group 1 included complicated catheters and group 2 included non-complicated catheters. The management protocol was standardized for all patients. After comparing the two groups, univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to investigate the risk factors for complications.ResultsIn this study, we included 134 pediatric patients. The rate of complications was 32.8%. The main complications were central line-associated bloodstream infection (63.6%), bleeding and/or hematoma (22.7%), mechanical complications (13.6%), and vein thrombosis (13.6%). After adjustment for confounding factors, predictors of catheter-related complications were difficult insertion procedure (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=9.4; 95% confidential interval (CI): 2.32 to 38.4), thrombocytopenia (aOR=4.43; 95% CI: 1.16 to 16.86), comorbidities (aOR=2.93; 95% CI: 0.58 to 14.7), and neutropenia (aOR=5.45; 95% CI: 2.29 to 13.0).ConclusionsHigh rates of complications were associated with difficult catheter placement and patients with comorbidities and severe thrombocytopenia. To reduce catheter-related morbidity, we suggest an ultrasound-guided approach, a multidisciplinary teaching program to improve nursing skills, and the use of less invasive devices for patients with cancer.
Non-metric geometry as the origin of mass in gauge theories of scale invariance
Authors: Ghilencea D. M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe discuss gauge theories of scale invariance beyond the Standard Model (SM) and Einstein gravity. A consequence of gauging this symmetry is that their underlying 4D geometry is non-metric ($$\nabla _\mu g_{\alpha \beta }\!\not =\!0$$

∇
μ

g

α
β

≠

0

). Examples of such theories are Weyl’s original quadratic gravity theory and its Palatini version. These theories have spontaneous breaking of the gauged scale symmetry to Einstein gravity. All mass scales have a geometric origin: the Planck scale ($$M_p$$

M
p

), cosmological constant ($$\Lambda $$
Λ
) and the mass of the Weyl gauge boson ($$\omega _\mu $$

ω
μ

) of scale symmetry are proportional to a scalar field vev that has an origin in the (geometric) $${\tilde{R}}^2$$

R
~

2

term in the action. With $$\omega _\mu $$

ω
μ

of non-metric geometry origin, the SM Higgs field also has a similar origin, generated by Weyl boson fusion in the early Universe. This appears as a microscopic realisation of “matter creation from geometry” discussed in the thermodynamics of open systems applied to cosmology. Unlike in local scale invariant theories (with no $$\omega _\mu $$

ω
μ

present) with an underlying pseudo-Riemannian geometry, in our case: (1) there are no ghosts and no additional fields beyond the SM and underlying Weyl or Palatini geometry, (2) the cosmological constant is positive and is small because gravity is weak, (3) the Weyl or Palatini connection shares the Weyl (gauge) symmetry of the action, and: (4) there exists a non-trivial, conserved Weyl current of this symmetry. An intuitive picture of non-metricity and its relation to mass generation is also provided from a solid state physics perspective where it is common and is associated with point defects (metric anomalies) of the crystalline structure.
Black hole thermodynamics from logotropic fluids
Authors: Capozziello Salvatore , D’Agostino Rocco , Lapponi Alessio , Luongo Orlando 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe show that the Einstein field equations with a negative cosmological constant can admit black hole solutions whose thermodynamics coincides with that of logotropic fluids, recently investigated to heal some cosmological and astrophysical issues. For this purpose, we adopt the Anton–Schmidt equation of state, which represents a generalized version of logotropic fluids. We thus propose a general treatment to obtain an asymptotic anti-de Sitter metric, reproducing the thermodynamic properties of both Anton–Schmidt and logotropic fluids. Hence, we explore how to construct suitable spacetime functions, invoking an event horizon and fulfilling the null, weak, strong and dominant energy conditions. We further relax the strong energy condition to search for possible additional solutions. Finally, we discuss the optical properties related to a specific class of metrics and show how to construct an effective refractive index depending on the spacetime functions and the thermodynamic quantities of the fluid under study. We also explore possible departures with respect to the case without the fluid.
The role of crustal-scale shear zones in SW Gondwana consolidation – transatlantic correlation
Authors: Schmitt Renata da S. , Trouw Rudolph A. J. , Alves da Silva Evânia , de Jesus João Vitor Mendes , da Costa Luis Felipe M. , Passarelli Claudia R. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

We present the first correlation between South American and African shear zones based on a reconstruction model of SW Gondwana continental crust, correlating 57 Brasiliano–Pan-African crustal-scale shear zones that sutured this palaeocontinent at
c.
500 Ma. The final amalgamation and consolidation of the SW Gondwana continental crust were attained by an anticlockwise rotation of three cratons (Kalahari, Angola and São Francisco) in relation to the clockwise rotation of the Río de la Plata Craton in the Early Paleozoic. These relative movements were accommodated by transcurrent shear zones active from 585 to 500 Ma within the Pan-African–Brasiliano belts that surround these cratons. This kinematic interaction resulted in the initiation of a long-term active margin starting with the Cambrian Pampean orogeny and ending with the Permian–Triassic Gondwanide orogeny.
Application of Genomic Sequencing to Refine Patient Stratification for Adjuvant Therapy in Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Vasudev Naveen S. , Scelo Ghislaine , Glennon Kate I. , Wilson Michelle , Letourneau Louis , Eveleigh Robert , Nourbehesht Nazanin , Arseneault Madeleine , Paccard Antoine , Egevad Lars , Viksna Juris , Celms Edgars , Jackson Sharon M. , Abedi-Ardekani Behnoush , Warren Anne Y. , Selby Peter J. , Trainor Sebastian , Kimuli Michael , Cartledge Jon , Soomro Naeem , Adeyoju Adebanji , Patel Poulam M. , Wozniak Magdalena B. , Holcatova Ivana , Brisuda Antonin , Janout Vladimir , Chanudet Estelle , Zaridze David , Moukeria Anush , Shangina Oxana , Foretova Lenka , Navratilova Marie , Mates Dana , Jinga Viorel , Bogdanovic Ljiljana , Kovacevic Bozidar , Cambon-Thomsen Anne , Bourque Guillaume , Brazma Alvis , Tost Jörg , Brennan Paul , Lathrop Mark , Riazalhosseini Yasser , Banks Rosamonde E. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPurpose:Patients with resected localized clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remain at variable risk of recurrence. Incorporation of biomarkers may refine risk prediction and inform adjuvant treatment decisions. We explored the role of tumor genomics in this setting, leveraging the largest cohort to date of localized ccRCC tissues subjected to targeted gene sequencing.Experimental Design:The somatic mutation status of 12 genes was determined in 943 ccRCC cases from a multinational cohort of patients, and associations to outcomes were examined in a Discovery (n = 469) and Validation (n = 474) framework.Results:Tumors containing a von-Hippel Lindau (VHL) mutation alone were associated with significantly improved outcomes in comparison with tumors containing a VHL plus additional mutations. Within the Discovery cohort, those with VHL+0, VHL+1, VHL+2, and VHL+≥3 tumors had disease-free survival (DFS) rates of 90.8%, 80.1%, 68.2%, and 50.7% respectively, at 5 years. This trend was replicated in the Validation cohort. Notably, these genomically defined groups were independent of tumor mutational burden. Amongst patients eligible for adjuvant therapy, those with a VHL+0 tumor (29%) had a 5-year DFS rate of 79.3% and could, therefore, potentially be spared further treatment. Conversely, patients with VHL+2 and VHL+≥3 tumors (32%) had equivalent DFS rates of 45.6% and 35.3%, respectively, and should be prioritized for adjuvant therapy.Conclusions:Genomic characterization of ccRCC identified biologically distinct groups of patients with divergent relapse rates. These groups account for the ∼80% of cases with VHL mutations and could be used to personalize adjuvant treatment discussions with patients as well as inform future adjuvant trial design.
Out-of-Field Teaching: Impact on Teachers’ Self-Efficacy and Motivation
Authors: Recede Reynald Alfred A. , Asignado Rowena A. , Castro Mark A. 
Published: February 2023

he study aimed to determine the impact of having teaching loads assigned to teachers which are not aligned with their preservice training. The research utilized a descriptive research design and involved 12 senior high school teachers who are teaching in a public national high school in Marikina City, the Philippines for the school year 2019-2020. The study also made use of the qualitative data gathered through focus group discussion to have an in-depth analysis of the perceptions of the teachers regarding their situation on teaching a subject that is not part of their expertise. The study revealed that teachers who are assigned teaching loads which are not part of their preservice training showed some confidence that they can teach their students well. This was shown on the question how confident they were in teaching their students to become critical thinkers and 8 or (66.67 %) of the total number of the teacher participants said that they exerted moderate effort in encouraging students to become critical thinkers. In addition, 5 or (41.67 %) of the teachers shared that they can do so much to help students improve in his failing grade. Surprisingly, 7 or (58.33%) of the total number of the teacher participants said that they can only exert moderate effort to help students who are having difficulty with the subject. Based from the findings of the study, the researchers thought that the perennial problem of teachers being assigned teaching loads that are not in line with their area of expertise should be given enough training and technical assistance coming from the school administration. This will help improve teachers in their pedagogical techniques and the type of assessment they employ in their classes.
Move Up, Live Up: Dance Activities as a Way of Motivating Students Participating in Progressive Limited Face-to-face Classes
Authors: Recede Reynald Alfred A. , Bulay-og Leah Sablayan , Reyes Joyce E. 
Published: February 2023

Dancing is a popular form of physical exercise. Researches have shown that dancing can increase self-esteem and improve our mind and body to become more productive. The aim of this study is to explore the impact of "Galaw Pilipinas" calisthenics exercise on the motivation of students as they go back to face-to-face classes. The sample for this study is composed of 16 female and 15 male Senior High School students of a public national high school in Marikina City. Senior High School students' pretest results; mean score was 87.52, the standard deviation was 4.67 and the standard error mean was 0.84. While the Senior High School students' posttest results; mean score was 95.87, the standard deviation was 3.24 and the standard error mean was 1.96. A paired samples t-test was conducted to evaluate the impact of the Galaw ng Pilipinas dance routine on student motivation. The results showed a significant increase in the marks of the students’ pretest (M = 87.52, SD =4.67 to posttest (M = 95.87, SD = 3.24), t = 9.1399, n = 31, p= .0001 which is less than 0.05 (two-tailed). By conventional criteria, this difference is considered to be statistically significant. Hence, the dance routine greatly affects the increase in motivation of the students.
Factors Affecting the Enrollment of Criminology at King’s College of the Philippines
Authors: Gambulao Jr. Ruben M. , Depayso Dempsey O. 
Published: February 2023

College enrollment is an important decision for all aspiring students of higher education. This study investigates the factors affecting the enrollment of freshmen college students at King’s College of the Philippines-College of Criminal Justice Education (KCP-CCJE). Data has been collected through questionnaire. Mean and percentage were used to determine the main reasons of the respondents. Selected factors were ranked by the respondents from their most reasons and least reason from 1-10. The sample size was 191, consisting of freshman students who have enrolled during the first semester of Academic year 2020-2021. Results showed that academic program, college reputation, and influence from others are the most reason of the respondents in enrolling in the college.
The Effectiveness of Providing Student Worksheets in an Effort to Improve Science Learning Outcomes for Class V Elementary School Students
Authors: Nadrah Nadrah 
Published: February 2023

This research aims; (1) to obtain an overview of the science learning outcomes of the fifth grade students of SD Negeri Kalukuang II Makassar who were taught by giving Student Worksheets, (2) to obtain an overview of the science learning outcomes of the fifth graders of SD Negeri Kalukuang II Makassar who were taught without the provision of Student Worksheets , and (3) To examine the science learning outcomes of fifth grade students of SD Negeri Kalukuang II Makassar who were taught by giving student worksheets without giving student worksheets. Based on the results of data analysis and discussion of research results, it can be concluded that; (1) The results of data analysis show that the average score of science learning outcomes for fifth grade students of SD Negeri Kalukuang II Makassar who are taught by giving Student Worksheets is 16.1563 from an ideal score of 20 with a standard deviation of 3.44, (2) The results of the analysis The data shows that the average score of fifth grade science learning outcomes at SD Negeri Kalukuang II Makassar who are taught by giving Student Worksheets is 12.5313 from an ideal score of 20 with a standard deviation of 3.689, and (3) After analyzing the data derived from If the population is normally distributed and homogeneous, a hypothesis research is conducted where the probability (P = 0.000) is smaller than (α = 0.05) so that it is stated that there is a difference between the science learning outcomes of fifth grade students of SD Negeri Kalukuang II Makassar who are taught with giving Student Worksheets -and those who are taught without giving Student Worksheets. Thus, it can be concluded that the science learning outcomes of fifth grade students of SD Negeri Kalukuang II Makassar who are taught by giving student worksheets are better than those taught without giving student worksheets.
Beyond the Nile: Long term Patterns in Nomad-State Interactions across Northeast Africa
Authors: Cooper Julien 
Published: February 2023

The fertility brought about by the Egyptian and Sudanese Nile Valley allowed for one of the densest urban populations in the African continent, creating a myriad of different dynasties, states, and cities that dominated trade and politics across Northeast Africa. Despite the Nile-centric axis of this world (and our study of it), almost every boundary of the Egyptian or Nubian states were bordered by desert and savannah ecologies, the abode of herders or more properly ‘pastoralist nomads’. From the Marmarica coastal steppe of the Mediterranean coast, to the Atbai Hills of the Red Sea, to the Sahel west of the Upper Nubian Nile in Kordofan, Northeast Africa was dominated by nomads. In this thinking, sedentary urban groups on the Nile are spatially the exception rather than the rule, with urban peoples occupying a thin ribbon of agricultural potential on the banks of the river and select oases. The rest of Northeast Africa was ‘nomad land’. The history of nomad-state interactions is one of constant transgression of each other’s realms, with nomadic peoples coming to the Nile for employment and grazing and Nile peoples journeying through the desert for resource exploitation and trade. This Nile-desert nexus is one of the longest documented case studies in nomad-urban interactions in world history.
Histological and Biomechanical Effects of Local Anesthetics and Steroids on Achilles Tendon: A Study in Rats
Authors: Kafa Baris , Cakmak Gokhan , Sahin Mehmet Sukru , Helvacioglu Fatma , Fidan Pinar Ayran , Demir Teyfik , Guvercin Ayse Canan Yazici 
Published: February 2023

Background: Peritendinous injection of local anesthetics, alone or in combination with corticosteroids, is widely used in the treatment of tendinopathies. Toxicity of local anesthetics has been demonstrated in many cells, including myocytes, chondrocytes, and neurons. Bupivacaine and lidocaine are known to have time- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity in these cells. The effects of these agents on the tendon remain unknown. Purpose: To show histological and biomechanical effects after the injection of different local anesthetics and steroids, both single and combined, at different concentrations into the peritendinous sheath of rat Achilles tendon. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: In the study, 100 rats were divided into 10 groups with equal body weights. Inflammation was induced in both Achilles tendons of each rat by means of the ball drop technique; 7 hours later, injections were made into the peritendinous sheaths of both Achilles tendons using lidocaine, bupivacaine, and dexamethasone as appropriate for the rat’s group. At the end of the first week, the right Achilles tendons of the rats were removed for histological study. Left Achilles tendons were evaluated in terms of biomechanics. Results: Histological findings demonstrated that the group with the most toxicity to the tendon was the group that received injection of dexamethasone alone. The groups with the least toxicity were those receiving dexamethasone combined with low- or high-dose bupivacaine. Biomechanical findings showed that the experimental groups had similar results to each other with the exception of the groups receiving 0.25% bupivacaine alone and dexamethasone alone, in which tendons revealed higher tensile strength. Conclusion: Local anesthetic and steroid applications have different histological and biomechanical effects on the tendon. Although the dexamethasone-injected group was the most affected in terms of histology, these changes could not be demonstrated biomechanically. Clinical Relevance: In future clinical studies, the effect of steroids on the tendon should be investigated more comprehensively. Whether biomechanical results overlap with histological results should be investigated further.