bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Process-Oriented Diagnosis of Tropical Cyclones in Reanalyses Using a Moist Static Energy Variance Budget
Authors: Dirkes Caitlin A. , Wing Allison A. , Camargo Suzana J. , Kim Daehyun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Global models are frequently used for tropical cyclone (TC) prediction and climate projections but have biases in their representation of TCs that are not fully understood. The objective of this work is to assess how well and how robustly physical processes that are important for TC development are represented in modern reanalysis products and to consider whether reanalyses can serve as an observationally constrained reference against which model representation of these physical processes can be evaluated. Differences in the representation of large-scale environmental variables relevant to TC development do not readily explain the spread in TC climatologies across climate models, as found in prior work, or across reanalysis datasets, as shown here. This motivates the use of process-oriented diagnostics that focus on how convection, moisture, clouds, and related processes are coupled and can be used to identify areas to target for model improvement. Using the column-integrated moist static energy (MSE) variance budget, we analyze radiative and surface flux feedbacks across five different reanalyses. We construct an intensity-bin composite of the MSE variance budget to compare storms of similar intensity. Our results point to some fundamental differences across reanalyses in how they represent MSE variance and surface flux and radiative feedbacks in TCs, which could contribute to differences across reanalyses in how they represent TCs, but other factors also likely contribute. Any future work that evaluates these diagnostics in GCMs against reanalyses should do so cautiously, and efforts should be undertaken to provide a true observational estimate of these processes.
Oxygenation performance assessment of an artificial lung in different central anatomic configurations
Authors: Hima Flutura , Kalverkamp Sebastian , Kashefi Ali , Mottaghy Khosrow , Zayat Rachad , Strudthoff Lasse , Spillner Jan , Mouzakis Foivos 
Published: April 2023

Objectives: Aim of this work was to characterize possible central anatomical configurations in which a future artificial lung (AL) could be connected, in terms of oxygenation performance. Methods: Pulmonary and systemic circulations were simulated using a numerical and an in vitro approach. The in vitro simulation was carried out in a mock loop in three phases: (1) normal lung, (2) pulmonary shunt (50% and 100%), and (3) oxygenator support in three anatomical configurations: right atrium-pulmonary artery (RA-PA), pulmonary artery-left atrium (PA-LA), and aorta-left atrium (Ao-LA). The numerical simulation was performed for the oxygenator support phase. The oxygen saturation (SO2) of the arterial blood was plotted over time for two percentages of pulmonary shunt and three blood flow rates through the oxygenator. Results: During the pulmonary shunt phase, SO2 reached a steady state value (of 68% for a 50% shunt and of nearly 0% for a 100% shunt) 20 min after the shunt was set. During the oxygenator support phase, physiological values of SO2 were reached for RA-PA and PA-LA, in case of a 50% pulmonary shunt. For the same conditions, Ao-LA could reach a maximum SO2 of nearly 60%. Numerical results were congruous to the in vitro simulation ones. Conclusions: Both in vitro and numerical simulations were able to properly characterize oxygenation properties of a future AL depending on its placement. Different anatomical configurations perform differently in terms of oxygenation. Right to right and right to left connections perform better than left to left ones.
Extracorporeal life support in pregnant and postpartum women with COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: El Banayosy Ahmed M , El Banayosy Aly , Smith Jennifer G , Brewer Joseph M , Mihu Mircea R , Swant Laura V , Schoaps Robert S , Sharif Ammar , Benson Clayne , Maybauer Marc O 
Published: April 2023

Objective: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an intervention used for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) from COVID-19 who have failed conventional ventilatory strategies. Very few studies have given insight into the outcomes of pregnant and postpartum patients requiring ECMO support. Methods: Single center, retrospective, observational study of female pregnant and postpartum patients suffering COVID-19 ARDS and requiring ECMO. Results: Eight SARS-CoV-2 positive patients were identified. The average age was 31 ± 4 years, with Body Mass Indices (BMI) and SOFA scores ranging between 32–49 and 8–11, respectively. Two patients were pregnant at the time of ECMO initiation, two were peripartum, and four were postpartum. Five patients (63%) had bleeding, and one patient had a hysterectomy. Seven patients (88%) were supported by V-V ECMO and one with V-A ECMO. Patients had between one and three circuit exchanges due to oxygenator failure or clots in the circuit. All patients were in ICU between 7 and 74 days, with hospital length of stay between 8 and 81 days. All patients were weaned off ECMO and were successfully discharged from the hospital. All newborns were born via cesarean section, and all survived to discharge. Conclusion: Our study shows a 100% neonatal and maternal survival rate demonstrating that ECMO in this patient population is safe. These patients should be transferred to experienced high-volume ECMO centers with the ability to perform emergent cesarean sections. ECMO should be considered a life-saving therapy for pregnant women with severe COVID-19 with an overall excellent maternal and neonatal survival rate.
Clinicopathologic features in childhood-onset lupus nephritis with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody positivity——a multi-center retrospective study
Authors: Jin Bei , Cheng Cheng , Tan Meizhen , Huang Jun , Chen Lizhi , Lin Zhilang , Zeng Shuhan , Yu Zihua , Li Yingjie , Jiang Xiaoyun 
Published: April 2023

Background Positive antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) serology in adult-onset lupus nephritis (LN) is associated with more active disease and distinct renal pathology, but data with respect to childhood-onset LN remain scarce. Here, we aimed to determine the impact of positive ANCA serology on clinical and histopathologic features and renal outcomes in children with LN from multiple centers. Methods Clinical and histopathologic data of 61 ANCA-positive and 330 ANCA-negative LN children (1<age≤18 years) retrospectively enrolled from three pediatric nephrology centers were analyzed. Among them, 217 children were followed and survival analysis was performed. Results Among 61 ANCA-positive LN children, 86.9% of them had antimyeloperoxidase antibodies. Both ANCA-positive and ANCA-negative children had high disease activities with median SLEDAI-2K of 16 (13, 20). Hematuria was more prominent (urinary RBC +++ ∼ ++++: 45.9% vs 26.7%, p = 0.011), while fever (42.6% vs. 58.2%, p = 0.035), alopecia (3.3% vs. 14.5%, p = 0.019), photosensitivity (0% vs. 8.2%, p = 0.013), and pleurisy (4.9% vs. 15.8%, p = 0.026) were less common in ANCA-positive children. Higher proportions of segmental sclerosis (23.7% vs. 9.8%, p = 0.025), crescentic formation (36.4% vs. 16.3%, p = 0.009), and capillary wall thickening (24.5% vs. 11.0%, p = 0.01) were observed in biopsies of ANCA-positive children. Long-term renal survival did not differ significantly between two groups ( p = 0.300). Conclusions Positive ANCA serology in LN children was associated with different clinical and histopathologic features compared to those with negative ANCA serology. Further studies are needed to clarify the pathogenic role of ANCAs in childhood-onset LN and confirm their association with prognosis.
Characterizing Cleft Rhinoplasty Across Skeletal Maturity: A Systematic Review of Terminology and Surgical Techniques
Authors: Park Jenn J. , Laspro Matteo , Arias Fernando D. , Rodriguez Colon Ricardo , Chaya Bachar F. , Rochlin Danielle H. , Staffenberg David A. , Flores Roberto L. 
Published: April 2023

Objective The purpose of this study is to assess cleft rhinoplasty terminology across phases of growth. Design/Setting A systematic review was performed on cleft rhinoplasty publications over 20 years. Interventions Studies were categorized by age at surgical intervention: infant (<1 year); immature (1 to 14 years); mature (>15 years). Main Outcome Measures Collected data included terminology used and surgical techniques. Results The 288 studies included demonstrated a wide range of terminology. In the infant group, 51/54 studies used the term “primary.” In the immature group, 7/18 studies used the term “primary,” 3/18 used “secondary.” In the mature group, 2/33 studies used the term “primary,” 16/33 used “secondary,” 2/33 used “definitive,” 5/33 used terms such as “mature,” “adult,” and “late,” and 8/33 did not use terminology. Surgical technique assessment demonstrated cleft rhinoplasty at infancy used nostril rim or no nasal incision, immature rhinoplasty used closed and open rhinoplasty incisions; and mature rhinoplasty used a majority of open rhinoplasty. Infant and immature cleft rhinoplasty incorporated septal harvest or spur removal in <10% of cases, whereas these procedures were common in mature rhinoplasty. No studies in infants or immature patients used osteotomies or septal grafts, common techniques in mature rhinoplasty. Conclusions Current terminology for cleft rhinoplasty is varied and inconsistently applied across stages of facial development. However, cleft rhinoplasty performed at infancy, childhood, and facial maturity are surgically distinct procedures. The authors recommend the terminology “infant,” “immature,” and “mature” cleft rhinoplasty to accurately describe this procedure within the context of skeletal growth.
Effect of five-elements music therapy combined with Baduanjin qigong on patients with mild COVID-19
Authors: Zhang Haijiao , Yin Lishi , Peng Yan , Zhang Guifang , Chen Qiyang , Liang Juan , Tian Suzhai , Tong Tingting , Liu Ruiyi , Lv Chenxu , Zhao Lijuan , Liang Ting , Wang Jie , Fan Ling 
Published: April 2023

Background To investigate the physical and psychological effects of five-element music therapy combined with Baduanjin qigong treatment on inpatients with mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan. Methods A mixed-methods study was used. In the quantitative study, a randomized controlled trial was performed on 40 study participants divided into a control group ( n = 20) and an intervention group ( n = 20). The Self-rating Anxiety Scale, Self-rating Depression Scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were compared. For qualitative analysis, it adopted purposive sampling method, 13 patients of different ages from 18 to 60 years old and different exercise behavior were selected as the participants from the intervention group. A semi-structured interview method was used to collect data, and the content analysis method was used for data analysis. An interview outline was developed to assess the psychological condition and personal functional-exercise behavior of patients. Results In the quantitative study, the anxiety self-scores and depression self-scores of patients in intervention group were significantly lower compared with control group after treatment ( p < .05). The sleep quality of intervention group was significantly improved compared with control group ( p < .001). Participants in the qualitative study responded to questions posed through semi-structured interviews. The effect of intervention was good, which has been supported and recognized by patients. Conclusion The treatment of five-element music therapy combined with Baduanjin qigong on patients with mild COVID-19 alleviated anxiety and depression, and improved sleep quality, which was beneficial to the patients’ physical and psychological recovery.
Patient, disease, and survival outcomes for stage IB to stage IV cervical cancer—A population study
Authors: Wang Christine , Lester Beverly , Huang Longlong , Sun Shaun , Ko Jenny J 
Published: April 2023

Background: Factors that impact recurrence in stages IB to IV include larger tumor, high-risk histology, older age, and lymphovascular invasion (LVI); however, local studies on risk factors for recurrence in British Columbia and our local recurrence patterns have not been well studied. Furthermore, the efficacy of treatment modalities including surgery and chemoradiation in the different stages of cervical cancer have not been clarified in this population. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to determine the disease and treatment characteristics of stages IB to IV cervical cancer which are associated with survival differences within British Columbia. Methods/Design: We performed a retrospective population study. A chart review on cervical cancer patients in British Columbia between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2017 was done. Demographic data and treatment details were collected. Data were analyzed using multivariate Cox regressions, pairwise comparison using the Log-Rank test, and chi-square tests. Results: We included 780 patients (stage I: 31.5%, II: 20.0%, III: 34.5%, and IV: 3.3%). LVI and p16 negativity were associated with decreased overall survival (OS), and multivariate analyses show them to be independent risk factors for poorer survival. Surgical resection in stage I was associated with improved survival, but not with stages II–IV. The use of radical radiation therapy (RT), brachytherapy, and concurrent chemotherapy were independently associated with improved survival in stages II–IV. Peri-RT chemotherapy was not associated with survival benefit in adeno/adenosquamous carcinoma. There were 180 recurrences (23.1%), mostly distant metastases (42.8%). There were fewer recurrences after resection of tumors <2 cm compared to tumors 2 cm or larger (6.49% vs 31.3%, p = 0.00011). Only 37.7% of recurrence/metastases were treated with first-line carboplatin/paclitaxel/bevacizumab, but it was associated with better OS compared to other regimens (median OS 40.1 vs 24.8 months, p = 0.03). Conclusion: A significant portion of patients with localized cervical cancer relapse despite radical therapy, with LVI and p16 negativity associated with poorer survival. Surgical resection may still play a role in stage IB disease, while RT, brachytherapy, and concurrent chemotherapy should be considered first-line therapy in stage II–IV diseases. First-line carboplatin, paclitaxel, and bevacizumab for recurrence shows improved survival.
Evaluation of Serum and Urine Biomarker Panels for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip Prior to Onset of Secondary Osteoarthritis
Authors: Wolfe Preston N. , Stoker Aaron M. , Leary Emily , Crist Brett D. , Bozynski Chantelle C. , Cook James L. 
Published: April 2023

Objective Evaluate serum and urine biomarker panels for their capabilities in discriminating between individuals (13- to 34-years-olds) with healthy hips versus those with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) prior to diagnosis of secondary hip osteoarthritis (OA). Design Urine and serum were collected from individuals (15-33 years old) with DDH, prior to and following diagnosis of hip OA, and from age-matched healthy-hip controls. Samples were analyzed for panels of protein biomarkers with potential for differentiation of hip status using receiver operator characteristic curve (area under curve [AUC]) assessments. Results Multiple urine and serum biomarker panels effectively differentiated individuals with DDH from healthy-hip controls in a population at risk for developing secondary hip OA with the best performing panel demonstrating an AUC of 0.959. The panel comprised of two serum and two urinary biomarkers provided the highest combined values for sensitivity, 0.85, and specificity, 1.00, while a panel of four serum biomarkers provided the highest sensitivity, 0.93, while maintaining adequate specificity, 0.71. Conclusion Results of this study indicate that panels of protein biomarkers measured in urine and serum may be able to differentiate young adults with DDH from young adults with healthy hips. These data suggest the potential for clinical application of a routine diagnostic method for cost-effective and timely screening for DDH in at-risk populations. Further development and validation of these biomarker panels may result in highly sensitive and specific tools for early diagnosis, staging, and prognostication of DDH, as well as treatment decision making and monitoring capabilities. Level of Evidence: III
Hybrid method of mapping urban residential carbon emissions with high-spatial resolution: A case study of Suzhou, China
Authors: Gao Junyang , Liu Helin , Tang Yongwei , Luo Mei 
Published: April 2023

Implementing carbon mitigation through urban spatial optimisation is a possible solution for alleviating global warming. However, the relationship between urban carbon emissions and urban spatial structure has not been well clarified, as adequate mapping of high-spatial-resolution urban carbon emissions from different sectors (particularly residential sectors), a precondition to solving the problem, has yet to be achieved. This study proposes a hybrid method of mapping the spatial distribution of urban residential carbon emissions on a 1 km × 1 km scale using multi-source data and exemplifies it via a case study of the Chinese city of Suzhou. The purpose of using this method is to differentiate residential carbon emissions by commuter population and home-based population, as the time they spend at home differs. The mobile signalling data of Suzhou were used to identify commuter and home-based populations. The number and spatial distribution of these two groups were then calibrated by referring to land use and O-D data. Using calibrated data, the proportion of electricity consumed by the two groups in different residential districts across the city was calculated. Total urban residential carbon emissions were then proportionally allocated to 1 km × 1 km grids. By validating estimated data against the data from the Statistical Yearbook, we found that the proximity level is higher than 93%. Furthermore, comparing these outcomes against the results estimated by using NTL data and the size of the identified population as the proxy data, it was observed that the results estimated by the hybrid method are of higher accuracy and stability.
The Emotional Impact of Negative Language in People With Diabetes: A Descriptive Study Using a Semantic Differential Scale
Authors: Dickinson Jane K. , Guzman Susan J. , Wooldridge Jennalee S. 
Published: April 2023

Purpose: Explore the emotional experience of people with diabetes as they encounter words and phrases that have been previously identified as problematic and evaluate potential differences in their emotional impact based on type of diabetes and demographic characteristics. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study employing an online survey of 107 adults with type 1 diabetes and 110 adults with type 2 diabetes. A semantic differential scale was used to examine feeling states associated with negative diabetes language. Descriptive statistics including means, standard deviations, and frequencies were calculated for all study variables. For each target word, frequencies of participants who endorsed a positive, neutral, or negative affective response on the sematic differential scale are reported. Results: People with diabetes reported feeling blamed, misunderstood, hopeless, judged, not motivated, and not trusting in response to “noncompliant,” “unmotivated,” “in denial,” “preventable,” “failed,” “should,” “uncontrolled,” “what did you do wrong,” and “you could end up blind or on dialysis.” Participants who have type 1 diabetes and are female, White, more educated, and younger reported more negative feelings about the target words. Conclusion: People with diabetes experience highly negative affective responses when they read and hear previously identified words and phrases considered to be judgmental and unhelpful.
Preventing Depression Relapse: A Qualitative Study on the Need for Additional Structured Support Following Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy
Authors: Siwik Chelsea J. , Adler Shelley R. , Moran Patricia J. , Kuyken Willem , Segal Zindel , Felder Jennifer , Eisendrath Stuart , Hecht Frederick M. 
Published: April 2023

Background Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) is an effective group intervention for reducing rates of depression relapse. However, about one-third of graduates experience relapse within 1 year of completing the course. Objective The current study aimed to explore the need and strategies for additional support following the MBCT course. Methods We conducted 4 focus groups via videoconferencing, two with MBCT graduates (n = 9 in each group) and two with MBCT teachers (n = 9; n = 7). We explored participants’ perceived need for and interest in MBCT programming beyond the core program and ways to optimize the long-term benefits of MBCT. We conducted thematic content analysis to identify patterns in transcribed focus group sessions. Through an iterative process, multiple researchers developed a codebook, independently coded the transcripts, and derived themes. Results Participants said the MBCT course is highly valued and was, for some, “life changing.” Participants also described challenges with maintaining MBCT practices and sustaining benefits after the course despite using a range of approaches (ie, community and alumni-based meditation groups, mobile applications, taking the MBCT course a second time) to maintain mindfulness and meditative practice. One participant described finishing the MBCT course as feeling like “falling off a cliff.” Both MBCT graduates and teachers were enthusiastic about the prospect of additional support following MBCT in the form of a maintenance program. Conclusion Some MBCT graduates experienced difficulty maintaining practice of the skills they learned in the course. This is not surprising given that maintained behavior change is challenging and difficulty sustaining mindfulness practice after a mindfulness-based intervention is not specific to MBCT. Participants shared that additional support following the MBCT program is desired. Therefore, creating an MBCT maintenance program may help MBCT graduates maintain practice and sustain benefits longer-term, thereby decreasing risk for depression relapse
Genome-wide identification of Aux/IAA and ARF gene families reveal their potential roles in flower opening of Dendrobium officinale
Authors: Si Can , Zeng Danqi , da Silva Jaime A. Teixeira , Qiu Shengxiang , Duan Jun , Bai Song , He Chunmei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is a vital phytohormone that influences plant growth and development. Our previous work showed that IAA content decreased during flower development in the medicinally important orchid Dendrobium officinale, while Aux/IAA genes were downregulated. However, little information about auxin-responsive genes and their roles in D. officinale flower development exists.

Results
This study validated 14 DoIAA and 26 DoARF early auxin-responsive genes in the D. officinale genome. A phylogenetic analysis classified the DoIAA genes into two subgroups. An analysis of cis-regulatory elements indicated that they were related by phytohormones and abiotic stresses. Gene expression profiles were tissue-specific. Most DoIAA genes (except for DoIAA7) were sensitive to IAA (10 μmol/L) and were downregulated during flower development. Four DoIAA proteins (DoIAA1, DoIAA6, DoIAA10 and DoIAA13) were mainly localized in the nucleus. A yeast two-hybrid assay showed that these four DoIAA proteins interacted with three DoARF proteins (DoARF2, DoARF17, DoARF23).

Conclusions
The structure and molecular functions of early auxin-responsive genes in D. officinale were investigated. The DoIAA-DoARF interaction may play an important role in flower development via the auxin signaling pathway.