bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economic and ecological constraints on sheep management in the Algerian steppe
Authors: HARKAT Sahraoui , LAOUN Abbas , BELABDI Ibrahim , YABRIR Benalia , LAFRI Mohamed 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
An 11-year survey conducted in the wilayas of Djelfa, Msila and Biskra reveals two contrasting flock management strategies adopted by Ouled Djellal sheep breeders, shaped by ecological as well as economic factors. Breeders in Djelfa raise an average of 12 ewes per ram, while those in Msila and Biskra raise an average of 28 ewes per ram. This has led to a higher production of lambs/ewe/year in Djelfa than in the other two wilayas. To understand the significance of these strategies, two hypotheses were tested. According to ecology, we expected that in Djelfa, pasture productivity was higher than in the Biskra and M’sila, as a result of higher annual rainfall and hence pluviothermic coefficient Q3. We compared the altitudinal distribution of two stocking rates to pluviothermic coefficients. The ecological view was supported by higher Q3 in Djelfa than in Biskra and M’sila for higher stocking rates. However, the overall degradation of the steppe was, also, more pronounced in Djelfa than in the other two wilayas. In addition, GLM models have shown the impact of climatic parameters on the survival of lambs and adults. From an economic point of view, the higher lamb/ewe production in Djelfa is underpinned by increased marketing facilities, with: i) a strong demand for sheep by the inhabitants of the North, ii) a favorable geographical location, as Djelfa is crossed by the main roads of Algeria linking the South and the capital located in the North, and iii) the presence of the main sheep markets of the country. This study highlights the impact of environmental variables on the management practices of livestock farmers, and points the way for further studies of this type, which are essential as practices will have to adapt to climate change.
Is automatic cephalometric software using artificial intelligence better than orthodontist expert in landmark identification
Authors: Ye Huayu , Cheng Zixuan , Ungvijanpunya Nicha , Chen Wenjing , Gou Yongchao , Li Cao 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the techniques used for automatic digitization of cephalograms, highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of each one and review the percentage of success in localising each cephalometric point.、
Methods: Lateral cephalograms were digitized and traced by three calibrated senior orthodontic residents with or without artificial intelligence (AI) assistance. The same radiographs of 43 patients were uploaded to AI-based machine learning program MyOrthoX, Angelalign and Digident. Image J was used to extract x- and y-coordinates for 32 cephalometric points: 11 soft tissue landmarks and 21 hard tissue landmarks. The mean radical errors (MRE) were assessed radical to the threshold of 1.0mm,1.5mm, and 2 mm to compare the successful detection rate (SDR). One-way ANOVA analysis at significance level of P < .05 was used to compare MRE and SDR. The SPSS (IBM-vs. 27.0) and PRISM (GraphPad-vs.8.0.2) software were used for the data analysis.
Results: Experimental results showed that three methods were able to achieve detection rates greater than 85% using the 2 mm precision threshold, which is the acceptable range in clinical practice. The Angelalign group even achieved a detection rate greater than 78.08% using the 1.0 mm threshold. A marked difference of time was found between the AI-assisted group and the manual group due to heterogeneity in the performance of techniques to detect the same landmark.
Conclusions: AI assistance may increase efficiency without compromising accuracy with cephalometric tracings in routine clinical practice and in research settings.
Increase in Cape Verde hurricanes during Atlantic Niño
Authors: Kim Dongmin , Lee Sang-Ki , Lopez Hosmay , Foltz Gregory , Wen Caihong , West Robert , Dunion Jason 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
At seasonal-to-interannual timescales, Atlantic hurricane activity is greatly modulated by El Niño - Southern Oscillation and Atlantic Meridional Mode. However, they develop predominantly in boreal winter or spring, and are relatively weaker during the Atlantic hurricane season. The leading mode of tropical Atlantic sea surface temperature (SST) variability during the Atlantic hurricane season is Atlantic Niño/Niña, which is characterized by warm/cold SST anomalies in the eastern equatorial Atlantic. However, the linkage between Atlantic Niño/Niña and hurricane activity has not been examined. Here, we use observations to show that Atlantic Niño, by strengthening the Atlantic inter-tropical convergence zone, enhances African easterly wave activity and low-level cyclonic vorticity across the deep tropical eastern North Atlantic. We show that such conditions increase the likelihood of powerful hurricanes developing in the deep tropics near the Cape Verde islands, elevating the risk of major hurricanes impacting the Caribbean islands and the U.S.
Low prevalence of ideal levels in cardiovascular behavior metrics among Mexican adolescents
Authors: Terminel-Zaragoza Ricardo , Angulo-Urías Mariana , Toledo-Domínguez Iván de Jesús , Quintero-Portillo Hebert , Bojórquez-Díaz Cecilia Ivonne , Ulloa-Mercado Gabriela , Gortares-Moroyoqui Pablo , Arias-Gastélum Mayra , Legarreta-Muela Fátima , Renteria-Mexia Ana 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Unhealthy behaviors are associated with high cardiovascular disease risk. The study aimed to assess the cardiovascular behavioral metrics according to the AHA, in Northwest Mexican adolescents.
Methods
The study was cross-sectional. Demographics, health history, and smoking data were collected by questionnaires. Dietary intakes were estimated using a FFQ, and physical activity using the IPAQ. Measurements included blood pressure and anthropometrics.
Results
Participants were freshmen students (n = 228, 55.6% men, age = 18.5±0.4 y). A higher significant prevalence of men indicated working, playing sports, and having a family history of hypertriglyceridemia (p < 0.05). Men showed significantly higher weight, height, BMI, waist, blood pressure, and lower total physical activity and body fat (p < 0.05). In dietary intakes, significant differences by sex were observed in nuts and seeds (1.1±0.6 and 0.9±0.6 oz/week, p = 0.042) and processed meats (749.8±639 and 503.6± 300.3 g/week, p = 0.002), with only fish and shellfish reaching AHA recommendations (513.1±450.7 and 501.7±428 g/week, p = 0.671), for men and women, respectively. Significant differences in prevalence between ideal, intermediate, and poor levels were shown for systolic (65.2%, 24.8% and 10%, p = 0.001) and diastolic (69.1%, 21.3% and 9.6%, p = 0.01) blood pressure, physical activity (25.9%, 43.9% and 30.3%, p = 0.005), and primary diet score (27.8%, 70.4% and 1.7%, p = 0.022). For individual foods, the lower prevalence in the ideal level was for sugar-sweetened beverages (10%, p = 0.013) and processed meats (4.8%, p = 0.208).
Conclusions
Northwest Mexican adolescents represent a high-risk group for developing long-term unhealthy habits. Their diet and physical activities make them vulnerable to cardiovascular complications early in adulthood.
Alkaloid-Metabolomics &amp; DNA profiles: Role-bioassay-guided differentiation process of Six Annona cultivated in Egypt on anti-cancer therapy
Authors: Mohammed Mona A. , Elzefzafy Nahla , Kachlicki Piotr 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Trees of the Annona species that grow in the tropics and subtropics contain compounds that are highly valuable for pharmacological research and medication development and have anticancer, antioxidant, and migratory properties. Metabolomics was used to functionally characterize natural products and to distinguish differences between varieties. Natural products are therefore bioactively marked and highly respected in the field of drug innovation. Our study was aimed to assess the inter-relationships among six Annona sp. Using six SCoT and six ISSRs primers taken for DNA fingerprinting we found polymorphism of 45.16 and 35.29%, respectively. The GC-MS-based plant metabolomics was employed to compare profiles of 78 different volatile oil compounds in six Annona sp. and 74 characterized alkaloids compound metabolomics bioassay-guided differentiation process by structural analysis through HPLC-ESI-MSn, UPLC-HESI-MS/MS as antiproliferative activities of five in vitro cell lines. Metabolomics based on high throughput and low sensitive LC/MS enabled the in-depth studies on changes of secondary metabolites with bioassay-guided differentiation process exanimate in the cytotoxic, antioxidant and migration activities of twenty four extract prepared from six Annona sp. were evaluated in vitro. In vitro testing on cell cultures showed a significant concentration- cytotoxic effect on all cell lines (HepG2, HCT, Caco, Mcf-7, and T47D) treated at exposure time (48 h) with six volatile oil samples. Therefore they showed remarkable antioxidant activity simultaneously with a cytotoxic effect. Also the samples which have a significant IC50 showed a considerable effect to stop the metastasis and invasion of different cancer cell lines which makes it an interesting subject for further research.
Huanglian-Renshen-Decoction maintains islet β cell identity in T2DM mice through regulating GLP-1/GLP-1R signaling pathway in both islet and intestine
Authors: Wu Wen bin , Gao Fan , Tang Yue heng , Wang Hong zhan , Dong Hui , Lu Fuer , Yuan Fen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background :This experiment aims to elucidate the effect of HRD on ameliorating diabetes by maintaining islet β cell identity through GLP-1/GLP-1R signaling pathway in both islet and intestine.
Methods: After confirming the hypo-glycemic effect of HRD on T2DM mice, the proliferation, apoptosis and transdifferentiation of islet cell were determined by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Then, the mechanism of HRD improving islet cell identity was verified by Western blot, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and PCR.
Results: HRD reduced the weight and blood glucose of the db/db mice, and improved insulin sensitivity at the same time. Moreover, it also increased the number of islet β cell and decreased islet α cell mass. This process is closely related to the transcription factor MafA, PDX1 of the GLP-1/GLP-1R signaling pathway, rather than being produced by proliferation and apoptosis.In further studies, it was found that HRD activated GLP-1/GLP-1R signaling pathway in both islet and intestine. Namely, the levels of GLP-1, GLP-1R, PC1/3, PC2 and other molecules increased significantly.
Conclusion: HRD can maintain the normal function and identity of islet β cell, and the underlying mechanism is related to the activation of islet/intestine GLP-1/GLP-1R signal pathway.
Validity and utility of blood tumor mutational burden is dependent on circulating tumor DNA shed
Authors: Yoshino Takayuki , Mishima Saori , NAKAMURA YOSHIAKI , Tukachinsky Hanna , Taniguchi Hiroya , Kadowaki Shigenori , Kato Ken , Oki Eiji , Sato Taroh , Aoki Daisuke , Yamazaki Kentaro , Esaki Taito , Ueno Makoto , Nishina Tomohiro , Sunakawa Yu , Denda Tadamichi , Bando Hideaki , Kuramoto Naomi , Horasawa Satoshi , Abutani Hikaru , Lee Jessica , Madison Russell , Oxnard Geoffrey R. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Tumor mutational burden (TMB) is a genomic biomarker associated with the benefits of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Detection of elevated blood TMB (bTMB) in circulating tumor DNA represents a compelling noninvasive approach. However, the validity and utility of this emerging biomarker across cancer types has not been established. To better understand bTMB landscape, a preliminary analysis of bTMB was performed in a large clinical cohort and MONSTAR-SCREEN. There was higher agreement between TMB and bTMB in samples with higher levels of plasma tumor fraction (TF). Among patients with bTMB-high treated with ICIs, there was a trend toward a higher response rate and longer progression-free survival, which was more pronounced among patients with TF≥10%. Our findings suggest elevated bTMB is correlated with elevated TMB and represents a pragmatic biomarker for assessing ICIs benefits. The utility of this biomarker is likely to be associated with high TF levels, informing future prospective investigations.
Rewilding the Microbiome of Insectary Reared Mosquitoes: Introducing an Environmental Microbiome to Axenic Aedes aegypti
Authors: Steven Blaire , LaReau Jacquelyn , Hyde Josephine , Brackney Doug 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Axenic Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were colonized with bacteria from an environmental water source to compare the midgut microbiota acquired from the wild to the microbiome of insectary reared mosquitoes, specifically over the course of blood meal digestion. 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that the diversity, composition, and community structure of the midgut microbiomes were distinct between the insectary and environmental groups, with the environmental microbiomes having a greater diversity and larger temporal shifts over the course of the blood meal. Metagenomic prediction from the 16S rRNA gene sequence data pointed to metabolic processes such as vitamin biosynthesis, fatty acid recycling, and fermentation pathways differentiating the functional potential of the two different microbiomes. To further test if we could identify functional traits that distinguished the two microbiomes we performed a culture-based assay. Culturable bacteria were more abundant in the insectary microbiomes and there was very little overlap in the taxonomy of bacteria recovered from the insectary or environmental groups. The ability of the isolates to lyse blood cells was determined on blood agar plates, and only isolates from the environmental microbiome harbored the ability to perform hemolysis in culture. These data support that the differences in taxonomy observed between the two different microbiomes also results in differences in the functional potential of the community. Thus, this study demonstrates the power of the axenic mosquito model to shed light on the community ecology of the mosquito microbiome, and the potential to better represent the microbiomes of wild mosquitoes in a laboratory setting.
A Compact Zero Bias Diode Detector with Harmonic Rejection for Radar System Application
Authors: Kumari Sadhana , Maurya Naveen Kumar , Madhusudhan K N 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this paper it is aimed to design and develop a passive detector by employing a Schottky Barrier Diode (SBD) with zero bias. For this work a low cost commercially available Schottky barrier diode SMS7630-079LF is adopted. A compact multi stopband resonator has been incorporated to improve the sensitivity of the detector by attenuating the RF signal up to fourth harmonic at the detector output port. The entire module is based on microstrip circuit and consequently very easy and cheap to fabricate, which fulfils the low-cost necessities of radar system assembling. To validate this method, a prototype of the proposed detector is developed for 2.26 GHz, with a board size of 0.44λg x 0.36λg. The measured outcomes confirm the suppression of the fundamental signal frequency by nearly 23.8 dB along with other high order harmonic suppression.
What to expect after birth in idiopathic polyhydramnios? An analysis of postnatal diagnoses and their relationship to the polyhydramnios degree
Authors: Gurel Sumeyra , Ayhan Isil , Uygur Lutfiye , Ozgit Berk , Demirci Oya 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To analyze postnatal abnormalities in idiopathic polyhydramnios and to estimate whether there was a significant association between the severity of polyhydramnios and postnatally diagnosed abnormalities.
Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of all idiopathic polyhydramnios cases that delivered at our center between 2017 and 2021. Cases were identified as idiopathic after excluding known fetal genetic and/or structural abnormalities (including soft markers for aneuploidies), Rh isoimmunization, fetal anemia, multifetal pregnancies, pregestational (preGDM) or gestational diabetes (GDM), and known infection with TORCH group agents. The primary outcome was the association between polyhydramnios degree and any abnormalities detected after birth. Additional outcomes were the odds of specific groups of abnormalities based on polyhydramnios degree.
Results: Outcomes of 242 pregnancies with idiopathic polyhydramnios were analyzed. At least one neurodevelopmental, structural, or genetic abnormality was diagnosed in 16.1% of children born to women with idiopathic polyhydramnios. Moderate and severe polyhydramnios are significantly associated with at least one abnormality diagnosed after birth (45.9%, and 41.6%, respectively, p<0.05). Neurodevelopmental disorders were the most frequent abnormality (8.2%), followed by genetic abnormalities (2.4%), gastrointestinal abnormalities (2%) and nocturnal enuresis (2%). Odds of genetic abnormalities, neurodevelopmental disorders and nocturnal enuresis in moderate polyhydramnios were significantly higher (aOR=5.5, 95%CI 1.01-30.2; aOR: 8.9, 95% CI 2.7-23.7 and OR: 8.9, 95% CI 1.4-55.5, respectively). Gastrointestinal anomalies were significantly associated with severe polyhydramnios, as expected (OR: 15.4, 95% CI 2.4-97.5).
Conclusion: Postnatally detected abnormalities are associated with moderate and severe idiopathic polyhydramnios. Particularly high risks include neurodevelopmental disorders, genetic abnormalities, gastrointestinal atresias and nocturnal enuresis.
Comprehensive clinical analysis of AKR1 expression profiles in the diagnosis of human colorectal cancer
Authors: Li Hui , Duan Lili , Li SuHua , He RongZhang , Li ZhuoLun , Liao XiaoFen , Luo DiXian , Zheng Lei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: CRC has a high mortality rate, and early detection is essential to reducing the CRC-related mortality rate. Screening is inefficient for diagnosis based on the low detection rate, length of time consumed, and poor compliance, so more sensitive and effective diagnostic markers are needed to improve diagnostic efficiency. Aldo-keto reductase family-1 enzymes (AKR1s) play a crucial role in the NADPH-dependent reduction of various carbonyl substrates (aldehyde, ketone), and their expression is closely linked with the progression and invasion of malignant cancers. However, the expression patterns of AKR1 family members in colorectal cancer (CRC) and their unique roles in the diagnosis of CRC have not been explored. Here, the mRNA and protein expression levels of 10 AKR1s and their unique roles in diagnosis in CRC were clarified.
Methods: We examined the transcription, methylation and survival data of AKR1s in CRC patients from the Oncomine, Gene Expression Profile Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), Kaplan‒Meier Plotter, cBioPortal and Illumina databases. Then, the mRNA and protein expression levels in CRC tissues were assessed by qRT‒PCR and Western blotting.
Results: This study showed that the transcript and protein expression levels of AKR1B1, AKR1B10, AKR1B15, AKR1C1, and AKR1C2 were decreased in CRC tissues compared with adjacentnormal tissues. In contrast, the expression levels of AKR1A1 and AKR1C4 were increased in CRC tissues compared with normal tissues. These expression trends were mostly consistent with those for the Oncomine, GEPIA, TCGA and cBioPortal database analyses, and AKR1B1, AKR1C1 and AKR1C2 were significantly downregulated based in their high CpG methylation levels. The qRT–PCR analysis of AKR1 expression in CRC patients with different clinicopathological characteristics showed that the AKR1A1 expression level was related to invasion depth, and the AKR1C2 expression level was significantly related to TNM stage and distant metastasis. The GEPIA results showed that the malignant degree increased with the increase of AKR1C1, AKR1C2 and AKR1C4 concentration, but the opposite was true for AKR1A1, and ROC curve analysis showed that a low level of AKR1B10 and a high level of AKR1C4 had high diagnostic efficacy in the diagnosis of CRC, with sensitivity values of 71.8% and 70.4% and specificity values of 93.0% and 79.6%, respectively.
Conclusion: In summary, the study revealed that AKR1A1 and AKR1C4 have good diagnostic value for CRC and could become potential tumour biomarkers. AKR1B1, AKR1B10 and AKR1B15 may be favourable prognostic indicators.
QSAR studies and molecular docking analysis of 1,4-dihydropyridines as Calcium Channel Blockers using DFT and ANN methods
Authors: Aggoun Siham , Bouchlaleg Lazhar , Belaidi Salah , Nour Hassen , Abchir Oussama , Chtita Samir , AlMogren Muneerah Mogren , Hochlaf Majdi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are useful for predicting biological activities from large datasets of molecules. Unlike traditional statistical methods such as regression analysis, ANNs allow the study of complex and nonlinear relationships such as QSAR studies. Here, we use artificial neural network and multiple linear regression (MLR) methods to generate QSAR models for Calcium Channel Blockers activity of a series of 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives molecules. The molecular descriptors were calculated by using Density Functional Theory (DFT) method at the B3LYP/6-31G+ (d, p) level. The statistical analyses indicate that the predicted values are in good agreement with the experimental results for both the training and test sets using either MLR or ANN. In addition, we used molecular docking to determine the binding energies, and ligand-protein interactions between these compounds and their biological target.
Pathological and Molecular Characterization on Clinically Sick Chickens with Infectious Bronchitis Virus in Small Scale and Commercial Poultry Farms in Bishoftu Town, Ethiopia
Authors: Demeke Hanna Desta , Fufa Abdi Feyisa , Ayana Hika Waktole , Abosse Jirata Shiferaw 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Poultry diseases are considered to be one of the most leading factors which are responsible for reducing both the total number and productivity of chickens. Infectious bronchitis virus is internationally important disease of high concern due its adverse effects on poultry production in different aspects. The Cross-sectional study was conducted from November, 2021 to June 2022 in Bishoftu town, Ethiopia with the aim of confirming the presence of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in the samples collected from suspected chicken through the combined result molecular, gross and histopathology. Depression with different severity, respiratory related signs, diarrhea and retardation in growth were the clinical signs which frequently seen and recorded in majority of them. Tissue (lungs, trachea and kidneys) and tracheal swab samples were collected from 40 chickens clinically suspected of infectious bronchitis virus. Among these 25 were from farm A and 10 were from farm B commercial poultry farms and 5 were from farm C small scale farm. The texture, shape, size and color of the organs were properly examined for gross pathology characterization. Accordingly, mild to severe tracheal hemorrhage, unevenly distributed color on the kidney and lung were observed during gross examination of the organs. From all grossly examined organs, the most frequently affected organs were the trachea, 22(55%) and kidney, 15 (37.5%) followed by lung, 11 (27.5%). From 40 swab specimens collected for molecular characterization, 8 were found positive for IBV. From a total of 32 tissue samples, 20 were found positive by histopathological analysis and the microscopic lesions described were infiltration of inflammatory cells at different condensation state, mild to severe congestion and hemorrhages, tracheal mucosal epithelium damage, degenerative changes in the renal tubule. The overall results of the current study indicate the production and reproductive performance of chickens in the study area were highly influenced by the presence of infectious bronchitis virus. Thus, further scientific investigation should be conducted through using advanced diagnostic tools for explaining the disease in vast.