bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thelazia callipaeda as a potential new threat to european wildcats: insights from an eco-epidemiological study
Authors: Bertos Elena , Sánchez-Cerdá Mariola , Virgós Emilio , Gil-Sánchez José M. , Moleón Marcos 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGlobal warming and displacement of vectors and wild and domestic hosts by humans greatly change host-parasite interactions and parasite transmission rates. Thelazia callipaeda Railliet and Henry, 1910 (Spirurida: Thelaziidae) is a zoonotic parasite rapidly colonizing Europe from its Asian native range. This nematode is vectored by Phortica flies and may cause ocular disorders, such as keratitis and corneal ulcers, in wild mammals, dogs, cats and humans. With the aim of detecting possible threats for the European wildcat (Felis silvestris) in one of its last Mediterranean strongholds, we initiated in 2017 a long-term monitoring program in Sierra Arana (southeastern Spain), which includes exploring its epidemiological and spatial relationships with domestic cats (Felis catus). During routine medical check-ups, we detected ocular nematodes in 3 of 17 (17.6%) wildcats and 1 of 23 (4.3%) domestic cats tested, confirmed to be T. callipaeda by microscopic and molecular analyses. This nematode species was first detected in the study area in 2021. To our knowledge, this is the first case of infection in wildcats in Spain. Through telemetry, we detected little spatial overlap between the home ranges of wildcats and domestic cats, which seems to be sufficient to facilitate the inter-specific transmission of T. callipaeda. Our findings suggest that this pathogen could be a new threat to the wildcat, a locally endangered wild felid. Further eco-epidemiological monitoring and sanitary control of domestic cats will be strongly needed, especially given the ongoing global warming scenario.
Co-occurrence of Common Biological and Behavioral Addictions: Using Network Analysis to Identify Central Addictions and Their Associations with Each Other
Authors: Gomez Rapson , Brown Taylor , Tullett-Prado Deon , Stavropoulos Vasileios 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe present study used network analysis to examine the network properties (network graph, centrality, and edge weights) comprising ten different types of common addictions (alcohol, cigarette smoking, drug, sex, social media, shopping, exercise, gambling, internet gaming, and internet use) controlling for age and gender effects. Participants (N = 968; males = 64.3%) were adults from the general community, with ages ranging from 18 to 64 years (mean = 29.54 years;SD = 9.36 years). All the participants completed well-standardized questionnaires that together covered the ten addictions. The network findings showed different clusters for substance use and behavioral addictions and exercise. In relation to centrality, the highest value was for internet usage, followed by gaming and then gambling addiction. Concerning edge weights, there was a large effect size association between internet gaming and internet usage; a medium effect size association between internet usage and social media and alcohol and drugs; and several small and negligible effect size associations. Also, only 48.88% of potential edges or associations between addictions were significant. Taken together, these findings must be prioritized in theoretical models of addictions and when planning treatment of co-occurring addictions. Relatedly, as this study is the first to use network analysis to explore the properties of co-occurring addictions, the findings can be considered as providing new contributions to our understanding of the co-occurrence of common addictions.
What Client Demographic, Substance Use, Mental Health, Treatment, and Psychological Variables Predict Residential Treatment Completion for Substance Use Disorders?
Authors: Tisdale Calvert , Leung Janni , de Andrade Dominique , Hides Leanne 
Published: January 2023

AbstractResidential treatment is a common option for individuals with moderate to severe substance use disorders. In a cohort of individuals who accessed residential treatment, we investigated client demographic, substance use, mental health, treatment, and psychological predictors of treatment completion. Participants were a retrospective cohort of 1056 (15–69 years) individuals admitted to residential treatment facilities across Queensland, Australia, from January 2014 to December 2016. Participant characteristic information was obtained at admission, including the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21). A multiple logistic regression model was conducted with treatment completion as the outcome. The overall rate of treatment completion was 14.3%. Mild to moderate (aOR = 0.48 [0.28–0.84], p = .010) and severe to extremely severe (aOR = 0.35 [0.17–0.74], p = .006) stress on the DASS-21 at service entry was significantly associated with a lower likelihood of treatment completion. Participants with higher levels of stress at service entry were less likely to complete treatment, representing a missed opportunity to provide targeted support during high-risk periods for individuals with substance use disorders. Further research investigating the nature and causes of stress in-between, during, and following presentations to residential treatment is needed.
PERMA-Profiler for the Evaluation of well-being: Adaptation and Validation in a Sample of University Students and Employees in the Mexican Educational Context
Authors: Chaves Covadonga , Ballesteros-Valdés Rosalinda , Madridejos Elisabet , Charles-Leija Humberto 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWell-being research has increased in recent years, making it essential to have validated tools that allow its measurement. The objective of this study was to adapt and validate the PERMA-Profiler in a sample of university students and employees in the Mexican educational context. Through a back-translation, an adaptation of the PERMA-Profiler questionnaire into Spanish was obtained. This version and other well-being measures were administered to a sample of 23,723 students (mean age = 21.50) and further to 2,783 employees (mean age = 36.08). Results showed acceptable reliability and good convergent and discriminant validity between well-being variables. PERMA score was strongly correlated with general well-being, positive affect, and life satisfaction, and slightly correlated with growth mindset and physical well-being. Confirmatory factor analysis using exploratory structural equation modeling revealed a better fit for the original structure of five factors, both in the sample of students and employees. Also, the results provide first indications for measurement invariance for gender and age. Validation of the PERMA-Profiler in the Mexican context showed good psychometric properties. It can be recommended as a valid tool for assessing well-being in the Spanish-speaking population.
Exploring Sacred Moments in Hospitalized Patients: An Exploratory Qualitative Study
Authors: Quinn Martha , Fowler Karen E. , Harrod Molly , Ehrlinger Rachel , Engle Jason M. , Houchens Nathan , Saint Sanjay 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
“Sacred moments” are brief periods of time in which people experience a deep interconnectedness that may possess spiritual qualities and emotions. This concept has been shown to have a positive impact on individuals’ overall well-being and stress in mental health settings. The concept of sacred moments has not been studied in acute care hospital settings.

Objective
To better understand the occurrence of sacred moments among hospitalized patients and their healthcare workers.

Design
An exploratory qualitative study that included in-depth interviews with patients and healthcare workers at two academic medical centers in the Midwestern United States.

Participants
Hospital healthcare workers (e.g., physicians, nurses, ancillary staff) and discharged patients with a recent hospital stay.

Approach
Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with 30 participants between August 2020 and April 2021. Interviews were recorded and transcribed before conducting thematic analysis.

Key Results
Both healthcare workers and patients reported having experienced at least one sacred moment. Interview findings were organized into three main domains including (1) several common elements described by participants as marking these moments; (2) benefits experienced by both patients and healthcare workers; and (3) suggestions for fostering sacred moments within the hospital setting.

Conclusions
Among our participants, sacred moments were extremely common with the vast majority reporting to have experienced at least one in their lifetime. These moments were described as profound and important and shared many common elements. Our findings can be used to help recognize, understand, and promote sacred moments between hospitalized patients and healthcare workers.
The Dynamic Ontogenetic Shape Patterns of Adaptive Divergence and Sexual Dimorphism
Authors: de la Cámara Marina , Ponsioen Lieke , Horta-Lacueva Quentin J. B. , Kapralova Kalina H. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe interplay between ecological diversification and sexual dimorphism has been largely overlooked in the literature. Sexually dimorphic species which are also undergoing adaptive radiations are ideal for filling this knowledge gap. The Arctic charr in lake Thingvallavatn is one such system: it is a sexually dimorphic species which has recently diverged along the benthic-limnetic ecological axis. In a long-running common-garden experiment we studied the shape variation throughout ontogeny of intra- and inter- morph crosses of benthic and limnetic charr from the lake. We found that shape differences between ecomorphs and sexes had a genetic component. Prior to the onset of sexual maturation, shape differences were attributable to cross type and were related to adaptations to benthic and limnetic niches, i.e., shorter lower jaws and rounder snouts in the benthic and evenly protruding snouts and pointier snouts in the limnetic. Reciprocal hybrids showed intermediate, transgressive and/or maternal morphologies. However, after the onset of sexual maturation larger morphological differences occurred between sexes than among cross types. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the interplay between ecological diversification and sexual dimorphism is complex and dynamic throughout ontogeny, and that long-term common garden experiments are immensely valuable for studying shape dynamics in different evolutionary scenarios.
Reducing the impact of cardiovascular disease in older people with cancer: a qualitative study of healthcare providers
Authors: Knowles Reegan , Kemp Emma , Miller Michelle , Koczwara Bogda 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Cancer survivors are at greater risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) than cancer-free controls. Despite evidence-based guidelines recommending CVD risk factor assessment, surveillance and risk-reduction, many people with cancer do not receive adequate CVD care. To address potential barriers and enablers of care, we examined healthcare professionals’ (HCPs) perceptions and experiences of CVD risk assessment and management in people with cancer.

Methods
We conducted one focus group and 12 individual interviews to examine HCPs’ perceptions and experiences of CVD care in care. We used reflexive thematic analysis to collect and analyse the qualitative data to construct and understand themes.

Results
Twenty-one HCPs participated (8 oncologists, 5 nurses, 3 general practitioners, 2 dietitians, 1 cardiologist, 1 haematologist and 1 physiotherapist). Majority of HCPs were aware of CVD risk in cancer but were concerned they could not deliver CVD care alone due to system-level barriers including lack of time and training. HCPs also perceived patient-level barriers including socioeconomic disadvantage and fatalistic outlook. Despite barriers, HCPs suggested diverse solutions for improving CVD care in cancer including new models-of-care, clinical pathways, risk assessment/management tools and education.

Conclusions
The diversity of perceived barriers and suggested solutions identified by HCPs suggests the need for a multilevel approach tailored to context. Future research involving people with cancer is needed to co-design acceptable interventions.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
Improved understanding of HCP’s perceptions can inform the development of new interventions to deliver CVD care to people with cancer to reduce morbidity and mortality.
Exploring past and present dynamics of coastal protection as possible signposts for the future?
Authors: Jordan Philipp , Döring Martin , Fröhle Peter , Ratter Beate M.W. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCoastal protection comprises shoreline preservation and stabilisation as well as flood protection. Besides these technical aspects, coastal protection also represents a genuine social endeavour. Within this interplay of technical and social dimensions, planning and acting for the safety of people and assets along the coastline has become increasingly difficult for the responsible authorities. Within this context, Nature-based Solutions (NbS) for coastal protection offer a promising addition to and adaptation for existing protection measures such as dikes, sea walls or groynes. They bear the potential to adapt to shifting boundary conditions caused by climate change and cater the growing social call for sustainable solutions that benefit water, nature and people alike. This paper analyses, how NbS can fit into the entangled and historically grown system of coastal protection. As a paradigmatic example, the German islands of Amrum and Föhr were chosen. To contextualise the topic, a brief recap of the formation of these North Frisian Islands and their social history regarding coastal protection is given. This will be followed by a review of the relevant literature on the development of coastal protection on the two islands including its historical development. Using the theory of Social Representations (SRs), these historical insights are analytically contrasted with a synchronic snapshot gained from stakeholder interviews about the assessment of protective measures, and their anticipated future development with regard to the possible feasibility and implementation of NbS. This analysis reveals that, historically and synchronically seen, coastal protection on both islands is rather characterised by a dynamic rationale and the constant testing of and experimenting with different measures and concepts. However, well-established measures like diking or the construction of brushwood groynes for foreland creation are not being questioned while new approaches running against this rationale such as NbS are in many cases initially met with scepticism and doubt. Out of this follows that past and present dynamics in coastal protection play a vital role in planning. Hence, the implementation of NbS as signposts for the future requires an integrated and balanced interdisciplinary approach that considers the socio-technical dimensions of coastal protection for future coastal adaptation.
The revision of fossil big-eyed bugs suggests a peculiar evolutionary history of a peculiar true bug family (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Geocoridae)
Authors: Kóbor Péter , Faúndez Eduardo I. , Roca-Cusachs Marcos 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe fossil record of the lygaeoid true bug family, Geocoridae so far consisted of a compression fossil from the Florissant Formation, Geocoris infernorum, and a mould fossil from the Izarra Formation, G. monserrati. Here, we report the third taxon, Protogeocoris arcanus gen. et sp. nov. from Cenomanian Burmese amber along with revision of the two previously mentioned species. The study of the specimens resulted in erecting a new genus, Eocenogeocoris gen. nov. to accommodate G. infernorum [ = Eocenogeocoris infernorum (Sudder, 1890) comb. nov.], because of its unique combination of characters compared to extant geocorine true bugs. Furthermore, the interpretation of the novel morphological data acquired from the study of the fossil geocorids in the context of the knowledge on extant representatives of the family suggests that characteristic groups of the family may have been evolved until the mid-Cretaceous, whilst the species-level diversity of the nominotypical genus, Geocoris Fallén, 1814, and closely allied genera is possibly resulted by quick radiation event after a climatic changes at the Eocene-Oligocene boundary.
The roles of microstructural anisotropy in tribo-corrosion performance of one certain laser cladding Fe-based alloy
Authors: Sun Weitao , Huang Xuehong , Zhang Jian , Wang Bin , Liu Xiaoliang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBecause of the microstructural anisotropy for laser cladding materials, the tribo-corrosion performance can vary significantly with different directions. In this study, one certain Fe-based coating was fabricated by laser cladding. To study the effects of anisotropy, three working surfaces (0°, 45°, and 90° to the building direction) were machined from the laser cladding samples; as-cast samples with an approximately homogeneous structure were prepared as controls. The tribo-corrosion tests were conducted in a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution with varying normal loads (5, 10, and 15 N). The results demonstrated that the 45° surface has superior friction stability, corrosion resistance, and wear resistance. This was directly related to the crystal orientation and grain boundary density. In addition, a refined microstructure may enhance tribo-corrosion properties by increasing deformation resistance and decreasing surface activity.
Architecture of paleas and lemmas dominates seed shattering trait in naked oat (Avena nuda)
Authors: Li Xingyan , Zhang Kai , Han Bing , Yang Yan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSeed shattering in naked oat (Avena nuda) is a severe problem, resulting in significant yield losses. In the present study, the seed-shattering rates were characterized in a set of 177 naked oat cultivars and lines. Eight cultivars with different seed-shattering rates were studied in several morphological and physiological traits that may be related to seed shattering at different developmental stages. Three types of paleas, viz. boat type, defect type and flaky type, were identified at the dough stage, and the proportion of the boat-type paleas were found to positively correlate with seed shattering. In a following scaling-up morphological study on paleas and lemmas in 32 cultivars with different seed-shattering rates, the length, width and the thickness of paleas and lemmas were investigated, and the ratio of the bottom/medium thickness of both paleas and lemmas showed high association with seed shattering tolerance in naked oat. These indicate that the architecture of paleas and lemmas has a particularly obvious correlation with seed shattering in naked oat. More intriguingly, a unique zigzag pattern of the cell wall was found in lemma tissues of naked oat, which may increase the toughness and strength of lemmas and help with seed retention.
Interactions of fentanyl with blood platelets and plasma proteins: platelet sensitivity to prasugrel metabolite is not affected by fentanyl under in vitro conditions
Authors: Bednarek Radosław , Luzak Boguslawa , Golański Jacek , Boncler Magdalena 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Clinical trials indicate that fentanyl, like morphine, may impair intestinal absorption and thus decrease the efficacy of oral P2Y12 inhibitors, such as clopidogrel, ticagrelor, and prasugrel. However, the ability of fentanyl to directly negate or reduce the inhibitory effect of P2Y12 receptor antagonists on platelet function has not been established. A series of in vitro experiments was performed to investigate the ability of fentanyl to activate platelets, potentiate platelet response to ADP, and/or diminish platelet sensitivity to prasugrel metabolite (R-138727) in agonist-stimulated platelets. The selectivity and specificity of fentanyl toward major carrier proteins has been also studied.

Methods
Blood was obtained from healthy volunteers (19 women and 12 men; mean age 40 ± 13 years). Platelet function was measured in whole blood, platelet-rich plasma and in suspensions of isolated platelets by flow cytometry, impedance and optical aggregometry. Surface plasmon resonance and molecular docking were employed to determine the binding kinetics of fentanyl to human albumin, α1-acid glycoprotein, apolipoprotein A-1 and apolipoprotein B-100.

Results
When applied at therapeutic and supratherapeutic concentrations under various experimental conditions, fentanyl had no potential to stimulate platelet activation and aggregation, or potentiate platelet response to ADP, nor did it affect platelet susceptibility to prasugrel metabolite in ADP-stimulated platelets. In addition, fentanyl was found to interact with all the examined carrier proteins with dissociation constants in the order of 10–4 to 10–9 M.

Conclusions
It does not seem that the delayed platelet responsiveness to oral P2Y12 inhibitors, such as prasugrel, in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, results from direct interactions between fentanyl and blood platelets. Apolipoproteins, similarly to albumin and α1-acid glycoprotein, appear to be important carriers of fentanyl in blood.
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: A time-series analysis
Authors: Sahrmann John M. , Nickel Katelin B. , Stwalley Dustin , Dubberke Erik R. , Lyons Patrick G. , Michelson Andrew P. , McMullen Kathleen M. , Gandra Sumanth , Olsen Margaret A. , Kwon Jennie H. , Burnham Jason P. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective:
To use interrupted time-series analyses to investigate the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). We hypothesized that the pandemic would be associated with higher rates of HAIs after adjustment for confounders.

Design:
We conducted a cross-sectional study of HAIs in 3 hospitals in Missouri from January 1, 2017, through August 31, 2020, using interrupted time-series analysis with 2 counterfactual scenarios.

Setting:
The study was conducted at 1 large quaternary-care referral hospital and 2 community hospitals.

Participants:
All adults ≥18 years of age hospitalized at a study hospital for ≥48 hours were included in the study.

Results:
In total, 254,792 admissions for ≥48 hours occurred during the study period. The average age of these patients was 57.6 (±19.0) years, and 141,107 (55.6%) were female. At hospital 1, 78 CLABSIs, 33 CAUTIs, and 88 VAEs were documented during the pandemic period. Hospital 2 had 13 CLABSIs, 6 CAUTIs, and 17 VAEs. Hospital 3 recorded 11 CLABSIs, 8 CAUTIs, and 11 VAEs. Point estimates for hypothetical excess HAIs suggested an increase in all infection types across facilities, except for CLABSIs and CAUTIs at hospital 1 under the “no pandemic” scenario.

Conclusions:
The COVID-19 era was associated with increases in CLABSIs, CAUTIs, and VAEs at 3 hospitals in Missouri, with variations in significance by hospital and infection type. Continued vigilance in maintaining optimal infection prevention practices to minimize HAIs is warranted.