bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extraction and identification of new flavonoid compounds in dandelion Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz. with evaluation of antioxidant activities
Authors: Wang Rong , Li Weihua , Fang Cao , Zheng Xinxin , Liu Chao , Huang Qing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDue to the interest in the potential pharmacological application of dandelion, the chemical constituents and activities of Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz were studied. Box–Behnken response surface methodology was employed to optimize the protocol for extraction of flavonoid from dandelion. The molecular structures of different flavonoid compounds were acquired and analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Several major flavonoid compounds were isolated and purified, namely, hesperetin-5′-O-β-rhamnoglucoside, hesperetin-7-glucuronide, kaempferol-3-glucoside, baicalein, hyperseroside, which were extracted for the first time from dandelion. Hesperetin-5′-O-β-rhamnoglucoside was identified as a new type of flavonoid that had never reported in the literature. This new flavonoid has outstanding antioxidant activity, as shown by its IC50 value (8.72 mg/L) for scavenging DPPH free radicals. The determination of the structure-related antioxidant activities could be interpreted based on DFT calculations. As such, we have not only illustrated the rich flavonoid contents in Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz, but also revealed new types of flavonoid compounds in dandelion in terms of structure and antioxidant properties.
Translating principles of quality control to cardiovascular magnetic resonance: assessing quantitative parameters of the left ventricle in a large cohort
Authors: Riazy Leili , Däuber Sascha , Lange Steffen , Viezzer Darian Steven , Ott Steffen , Wiesemann Stephanie , Blaszczyk Edyta , Mühlberg Fabian , Zange Leonora , Schulz-Menger Jeanette 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) examinations require standardization to achieve reproducible results. Therefore, quality control as known as in other industries such as in-vitro diagnostics, could be of essential value. One such method is the statistical detection of long-time drifts of clinically relevant measurements. Starting in 2010, reports from all CMR examinations of a high-volume center were stored in a hospital information system. Quantitative parameters of the left ventricle were analyzed over time with moving averages of different window sizes. Influencing factors on the acquisition and on the downstream analysis were captured. 26,902 patient examinations were exported from the clinical information system. The moving median was compared to predefined tolerance ranges, which revealed an overall of 50 potential quality relevant changes (“alerts”) in SV, EDV and LVM. Potential causes such as change of staff, scanner relocation and software changes were found not to be causal of the alerts. No other influencing factors were identified retrospectively. Statistical quality assurance systems based on moving average control charts may provide an important step towards reliability of quantitative CMR. A prospective evaluation is needed for the effective root cause analysis of quality relevant alerts.
The effects of core stabilization exercises on the neuromuscular function of athletes with ACL reconstruction
Authors: Saki Farzaneh , Shafiee Hossein , Tahayori Behdad , Ramezani Farzaneh 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAthletes who have undergone anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) often exhibit persistently impaired kinematics and strength. Core stability training appears to be effective for reducing high-risk landing mechanics and preventing primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries; however, there have been few attempts to examine their effects in athletes who have undergone ACLR. This study aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of simple core stability training on core endurance, hip strength, and knee kinematics in ACLR athletes. Twenty-six male athletes (20–30 years old) with a history of ACL surgery with hamstring tendon autograft were randomly divided into training (n = 13) and control groups (n = 13). The training group performed core stability exercises for eight weeks before starting their team training; the control group did not receive any intervention. Both groups continued their regular team schedule. The core endurance, hip muscle strength, and knee kinematics were assessed by the McGill test, a hand-held dynamometer, and video-taping, respectively. Analysis of covariance test was used for data analysis. The training group showed a significant increase in core endurance, hip abductor and external rotator strength, knee flexion angle, and a significant decrease in the knee valgus angle during single-leg landing in post-training tests compared to their baseline tests (P < 0.05). Our results demonstrated that core stability exercise alters neuromuscular function to a level that is clinically acceptable and statistically significant. Because of the high incidence rate of secondary ACL injury after ACLR, it is recommended that athletes with a history of ACLR benefit from adding core stability exercises to warm-up routines or tertiary prevention programs even after completing post-operative rehabilitation. It is fast and not time-consuming to perform for athletes to reduce the risk factors of re-injury.
Trial registration: This study was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials with the number IRCT20190224042827N2, registered on 19 December 2019.
Co-cultivation of Mortierellaceae with Pseudomonas helmanticensis affects both their growth and volatilome
Authors: Probst Maraike , Telagathoti Anusha , Siewert Bianka , Khomenko Iuliia , Betta Emanuela , Biasioli Franco , Peintner Ursula 
Published: February 2023

AbstractVolatile organic compounds (VOCs) might mediate microbial interactions, especially in spatially structured environments, such as soil. However, the variety and specificity of VOC production are poorly understood. Here, we studied 25 Mortierellaceae strains belonging to the genera Linnemannia and Entomortierella in both pure and co-culture with Pseudomonas helmanticensis under laboratory conditions. We analysed both the fungal growth depending on co-cultivation and the cultures’ volatilomes applying proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS and GC–MS). In a strain-specific manner, we found the fungi’s radial growth rate and colony morphology affected by the presence of P. helmanticensis. The fungus seemed to generally reduce the bacterial growth. The volatilomes of the fungal and bacterial pure and co-cultures were diverse. While the fungi frequently consumed VOCs, P. helmanticensis produced a higher diversity and amount of VOCs than any fungal strain. Our results support that both the pure and co-culture volatilomes are taxonomically conserved. Taken together, our data supports the relevance of VOCs in Mortierellaceae-P. helmanticensis interaction. We also discuss individual VOCs that appear relevant in the interaction.
Room-temperature spin injection from a ferromagnetic semiconductor
Authors: Goel Shobhit , Khang Nguyen Huynh Duy , Osada Yuki , Anh Le Duc , Hai Pham Nam , Tanaka Masaaki 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSpin injection using ferromagnetic semiconductors at room temperature is a building block for the realization of spin-functional semiconductor devices. Nevertheless, this has been very challenging due to the lack of reliable room-temperature ferromagnetism in well-known group IV and III-V based semiconductors. Here, we demonstrate room-temperature spin injection by using spin pumping in a BiSb/(Ga,Fe)Sb heterostructure, where (Ga,Fe)Sb is a ferromagnetic semiconductor (FMS) with high Curie temperature (TC) and BiSb is a topological insulator (TI). Despite the very small magnetization of (Ga,Fe)Sb at room temperature (45 emu/cc), we detected spin injection from (Ga,Fe)Sb by utilizing the large inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE) in BiSb. Our study provides the first demonstration of spin injection at room temperature from a FMS.
Magnetic hydrogel particles improve nanopore sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses
Authors: Andersen P. , Barksdale S. , Barclay R.A. , Smith N. , Fernandes J. , Besse K. , Goldfarb D. , Barbero R. , Dunlap R. , Jones-Roe T. , Kelly R. , Miao S. , Ruhunusiri C. , Munns A. , Mosavi S. , Sanson L. , Munns D. , Sahoo S. , Swahn O. , Hull K. , White D. , Kolb K. , Noroozi F. , Seelam J. , Patnaik A. , Lepene B. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPresented here is a magnetic hydrogel particle enabled workflow for capturing and concentrating SARS-CoV-2 from diagnostic remnant swab samples that significantly improves sequencing results using the Oxford Nanopore Technologies MinION sequencing platform. Our approach utilizes a novel affinity-based magnetic hydrogel particle, circumventing low input sample volumes and allowing for both rapid manual and automated high throughput workflows that are compatible with Nanopore sequencing. This approach enhances standard RNA extraction protocols, providing up to 40 × improvements in viral mapped reads, and improves sequencing coverage by 20–80% from lower titer diagnostic remnant samples. Furthermore, we demonstrate that this approach works for contrived influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus samples, suggesting that it can be used to identify and improve sequencing results of multiple viruses in VTM samples. These methods can be performed manually or on a KingFisher automation platform.
The effects of sun exposure on colorant identification of permanently and semi-permanently dyed hair
Authors: Holman Aidan , Kurouski Dmitry 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDuring bloating and active decay, human remains begin to deform and warp their physical identity. After the skin and muscles loosen and detach from their skeletal structuration, everything but bones, teeth, and hair will fully disintegrate into the soil that surrounds the body. Nearly half of people in the world dye their hair with a variety of permanent and semi-permanent colorants. Expanding upon this, we hypothesized that confirmatory analysis of hair colorants can be used to facilitate and advance forensic analysis of human remains. A growing body of evidence suggests that hair colorants can be identified directly on hair using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). In this study, we investigate the extent to which SERS can be used to detect black and blue permanent and semi-permanent dyes on hair exposed to sunlight. Our results showed that although substantial photodegradation of all dyes was observed by week 7, SERS enabled highly accurate detection and identification of hair colorants during all 10 weeks of hair exposure to the sunlight with on average 99.2% accuracy. We also found that SERS could be used to predict fading rates of hair colorants. This information can shed light on the exposure of human remains to the exterior environment.
Solubility of palbociclib in supercritical carbon dioxide from experimental measurement and Peng–Robinson equation of state
Authors: Sodeifian Gholamhossein , Hsieh Chieh-Ming , Tabibzadeh Amirmuhammad , Wang Hsu-Chen , Arbab Nooshabadi Maryam 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPalbociclib is a poorly water-soluble medicine which acts against metastatic breast cancer cells. Among various techniques to improve the solubility of this medicine, applying supercritical technologies to produce micro- and nano-sized particles is a possible option. For this purpose, extraction of solubility data is required. In this research, the solubility of palbociclib in supercritical carbon dioxide (ScCO2) at different equilibrium conditions was measured at temperatures between 308 and 338 K and pressures within 12–27 MPa, for the first time. The minimum and maximum solubility data were found to be 8.1 × 10–7 (at 338 K and 12 MPa) and 2.03 × 10–5 (at 338 K and 27 MPa), respectively. Thereafter, two sets of models, including ten semi-empirical equations and three Peng–Robinson (PR) based integrated models were used to correlate the experimental solubility data. Bian’s model and PR equation of state using van der Waals mixing rules (PR + vdW) showed better accuracy among the examined semi-empirical and integrated models, respectively. Furthermore, the self-consistency of the obtained data was confirmed using two distinct semi-empirical models. At last, the total and vaporization enthalpies of palbociclib solubility in ScCO2 were calculated from correlation results of semi-empirical equations and estimated to be 40.41 and 52.67 kJ/mol, respectively.
Individual attractiveness preferences differentially modulate immediate and voluntary attention
Authors: Roth Tom S. , Samara Iliana , Perea-Garcia Juan Olvido , Kret Mariska E. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPhysical attractiveness plays a crucial role in mate choice for both men and women. This is reflected in visual attention: people immediately attend towards and look longer at attractive faces, especially when they are motivated to find a partner. However, previous studies did not incorporate real-life dating decisions. Here, we aimed to combine attentional tasks with individual attractiveness ratings and a real-life mate choice context, namely a speed-dating paradigm. We investigated whether heterosexual non-committed young adults showed biases in immediate and voluntary attention towards attractive faces and preferred dating partners. In line with previous research, we found considerable individual differences in individual attractiveness preferences. Furthermore, our results showed that men had a bias towards attractive faces and preferred dating partners in the immediate attention task, while results for women were mixed. In the voluntary attention task, however, both men and women had an attentional bias towards attractive faces and preferred dating partners. Our results suggest that individual attractiveness preferences are good predictors of especially voluntary attention. We discuss these findings from an evolutionary perspective and suggest directions for future research.
Skin irritation in children undergoing orthodontic facemask therapy
Authors: Kim Harim , Kim Jung Suk , Kim Cheol Soon , Becker-Weimann Su Youn , Cha Jung-Yul , Choi Sung-Hwan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOrthodontic facemasks are extraoral orthodontic appliances that influence maxillary and mandibular development in children with skeletal Class III malocclusion. While a facemask is most effective in patients before the growth spurt, skin irritation is common during the treatment. Therefore, this retrospective study aimed to investigate the prevalence and pattern of such skin changes and identify their possible associated risk factors. We included 177 patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion who underwent facemask therapy. Patient age and sex, orthodontic parameters expressing the severity of malocclusion, the presence of complaints in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) areas, and the level of patient cooperation were evaluated. Additionally, the severity and onset time of skin reactions were further analyzed. The results indicated that 43.5% of patients developed skin changes typical of irritant contact dermatitis. Skin irritation was significantly associated with the presence of TMJ complaints and female sex. Furthermore, skin irritation was more common in younger patients. Clinicians should pay special attention to the skin areas that come into contact with the appliance during each follow-up visit to detect potential problems. Moreover, patients and their parents should be given adequate information about the possibility, prevention, and management of skin problems during facemask therapy.
Salinity and high pH reduce denitrification rates by inhibiting denitrifying gene abundance in a saline-alkali soil
Authors: Pan Yongchun , She Dongli , Shi Zhenqi , Cao Taohong , Xia Yongqiu , Shan Jun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDenitrification, as the main nitrogen (N) removal process in farmland drainage ditches in coastal areas, is significantly affected by saline-alkali conditions. To elucidate the effects of saline-alkali conditions on denitrification, incubation experiments with five salt and salt-alkali gradients and three nitrogen addition levels were conducted in a saline-alkali soil followed by determination of denitrification rates and the associated functional genes (i.e., nirK/nirS and nosZ Clade I) via N2/Ar technique in combination with qPCR. The results showed that denitrification rates were significantly decreased by 23.83–50.08%, 20.64–57.31% and 6.12–54.61% with salt gradient increasing from 1 to 3‰, 8‰, and 15‰ under 0.05‰, 0.10‰ and 0.15‰ urea addition conditions, respectively. Similarly, denitrification rates were significantly decreased by 44.57–63.24% with an increase of the salt-alkali gradient from 0.5 to 8‰. The abundance of nosZ decreased sharply in the saline condition, while a high salt level significantly decreased the abundance of nirK and nirS. In addition, the increase of nitrogen concentration attenuated the reduction of nirK, nirS and nosZ gene abundance. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) models demonstrated that salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO) in the overlying water, N concentration, and denitrifying gene abundance were key determinants of the denitrification rate in the saline environment, while pH was an additional determinant in the saline-alkali environment. Taken together, our results suggest that salinity and high pH levels decreased the denitrification rates by significantly inhibiting the abundance of the denitrifying genes nirK, nirS, and nosZ, whereas increasing nitrogen concentration could alleviate this effect. Our study provides helpful information on better understanding of reactive N removal and fertilizer application in the coastal areas.
New constraints of terrestrial and oceanic global gross primary productions from the triple oxygen isotopic composition of atmospheric CO2 and O2
Authors: Liang Mao-Chang , Laskar Amzad H. , Barkan Eugeni , Newman Sally , Thiemens Mark H. , Rangarajan Ravi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRepresentations of the changing global carbon cycle under climatic and environmental perturbations require highly detailed accounting of all atmosphere and biosphere exchange. These fluxes remain unsatisfactory, as a consequence of only having data with limited spatiotemporal coverage and precision, which restrict accurate assessments. Through the nature of intimate coupling of global carbon and oxygen cycles via O2 and CO2 and their unique triple oxygen isotope compositions in the biosphere and atmosphere, greater insight is available. We report analysis of their isotopic compositions with the widest geographical and temporal coverage (123 new measurements for CO2) and constrain, on an annual basis, the global CO2 recycling time (1.5 ± 0.2 year) and gross primary productivities of terrestrial (~ 170–200 PgC/year) and oceanic (~ 90–120 PgC/year) biospheres. Observed inter-annual variations in CO2 triple oxygen isotopic compositions were observed at a magnitude close to the largest contrast set by the terrestrial and oceanic biospheres. The seasonal cycles between the east and west Pacific Ocean were found to be drastically different. This intra-annual variability implies that the entire atmospheric CO2 turnover time is not much longer than the tropospheric mixing time (less than ~ 5 months), verifying the derived recycling time. The new measurements, analyses, and incorporation of other global data sets allow development of an independent approach, providing a strong constraint to biogeochemical models.
Reconciling policy instruments with drivers of deforestation and forest degradation: cross-scale analysis of stakeholder perceptions in tropical countries
Authors: Ferrer Velasco Rubén , Lippe Melvin , Fischer Richard , Torres Bolier , Tamayo Fabián , Kalaba Felix Kanungwe , Kaoma Humphrey , Bugayong Leonida , Günter Sven 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCross-scale studies combining information on policy instruments and on drivers of deforestation and forest degradation are key to design and implement effective forest protection measures. We investigated the scale and country dependency of stakeholder perceptions about future threats to tropical forests (e.g. agriculture, logging, woodfuel) and preferred policy instruments (e.g. reforestation, protected areas, combat illegal logging), by interviewing 224 representatives of forest-related institutions. We conducted analysis of variance and principal component analysis for eighteen variables across three countries (Zambia, Ecuador and the Philippines) and four spatial levels (from international to local). We found that the overall alertness about commercial drivers and the confidence in policy instruments are significantly lower at subnational levels and also in Zambia. Stakeholder expectations about the most important drivers and the most effective policies in the coming decade follow regional narratives, suggesting that there are no one-size-fits-all solutions in international forest policy. However, we found an unexpected consensus across scales, indicating potential for collaboration between institutions operating at different geographical levels. Overall, agriculture remains the driver with the highest expected influence (43%), while a strong favoritism for reforestation and forest restoration (38%) suggests a paradigm shift from protected areas to a stronger focus on integrative approaches.
Dynamical response and noise limit of a parametrically pumped microcantilever sensor in a Phase-Locked Loop
Authors: Mouro João , Paoletti Paolo , Sartore Marco , Tiribilli Bruno 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe investigate the response of a digitally controlled and parametrically pumped microcantilever used for sensing in a Phase-Locked Loop (PLL). We develop an analytical model for its dynamical response and obtain an explicit dependence on the rheological parameters of the surrounding viscous medium. Linearization of this model allows to find improved responsivity to density variations in the case of parametric suppression. Experiments with a commercial microcantilever validate the model, but also reveal an increase of frequency noise in the PLL associated with the parametric gain and phase, which, in most cases, restricts the attainable limit of detection. The noise in open-loop is studied by measuring the random fluctuations of the noise-driven deflection of the microcantilever, and a model for the power spectral density of amplitude, phase and frequency noises is discussed and used to explain the frequency fluctuations in the closed-loop PLL. This work concludes that parametric pumping in a PLL does not improve the sensing performance in applications requiring detecting frequency shifts.