bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic factors of (non-) adherence to home-based exercise therapy in patients with chronic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ricke Ellen , Dijkstra Arie , Bakker Eric W 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Patients with a chronic disease may have an increased risk of non-adherence to prescribed home-based exercise therapy. We performed a systematic review with the aim to identify and grade the quality of variables associated with (non-)adherence to home-based exercise therapy in patients with chronic diseases.
Methods: Cohort studies, cross-sectional studies and the experimental arm of randomized trials were identified using a search strategy applied to PubMed, Embase, PsychINFO and CINAHL from inception until August 1th 2022. We included studies with participants ³ 18 years with a chronic disease as an indication for home-based exercise therapy and providing data (quantitative and qualitative) on prognostic factors of (non)adherence to home-based exercise. Risk of bias was assessed using the Quality in Prognostic Studies (QUIPS) tool for observational studies, the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross- sectional studies of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) for cross-sectional studies and the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) qualitative checklist for the qualitative studies. Prognostic factors of adherence were identified and graded for quality using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) framework for predictor studies. We performed a meta-analysis and best evidence synthesis of the obtained information.
Results: A total of 68 studies (11 qualitative and 57 quantitative) were included. Within patient-related factors moderate- and high-quality evidence suggested that more self-efficacy, exercise history, motivation and perceived behavioral control predicted higher adherence. Within social-economic factors moderate-quality evidence suggested more education and physical health to be predictive of higher adherence and within condition-related factors moderate- and low-quality evidence suggested that less comorbidities, depression and fatigue predicted higher adherence. For the domains therapy-related and health-system factors there was not enough information to determine the quality evidence of the prognostic factors.
Conclusion: These findings might aid the development of future home-based exercise programs as well as the identification of individuals who may require extra support to benefit from prescribed home-based exercise therapy.
Registration: The protocol of this systematic review is registered in PROSPERO with registration number CRD42021277003.
Global high-resolution total water storage anomalies from self-supervised data assimilation using deep learning algorithms
Authors: Gou Junyang , Soja Benedikt 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Total water storage anomalies (TWSAs) describe the variations of the terrestrial water cycle, which is essential for better understanding our climate system. Global TWSAs can be simulated by hydrological models with high spatial resolution but limited accuracy or measured by the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite mission with opposite characteristics. In this study, we designed a self-supervised data assimilation algorithm with a novel loss function, which combines the advantages of different TWSA sources. The determined global TWSAs have the same spatial resolution as the hydrological simulations (0.5°) and preserve the large-scale accuracy inherited from the GRACE measurements. They contribute to monitoring natural hazards locally and show potential for better understanding the impacts of natural and anthropogenic activities on the water cycle. We anticipate our approach to be generally applicable to other TWSA data sources and the resulting products to be valuable for the geoscience community and society.
Stimulus specific cortical activity associated with ignoring distraction during working memory encoding and maintenance
Authors: Ashton Charlotte , Gouws André , Glennon Marcus , ZANTO THEODORE , Tipper Steve , McNab Fiona 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Distraction disrupts Working Memory (WM) performance, but how the brain filters distraction is not known. One possibility is that neural activity associated with distractions is suppressed relative to a baseline/passive task (biased competition). Alternatively, distraction may be denied access to WM, with no suppression. Furthermore, behavioural work indicates separate mechanisms for ignoring distractions which occur 1) while we put information into WM (Encoding Distraction, ED) and 2) while we maintain already encoded information during the WM delay period (Delay Distraction, DD).
Here we used fMRI in humans to measure category-sensitive cortical activity and probe the extent to which ED / DD mechanisms involve enhancement / suppression during a WM task.
We observed significant enhancement of task-relevant activity, relative to a passive view task, which did not differ according to whether or when distractors appeared. For both ED and DD we found no evidence of suppression, but instead a robust increase in stimulus specific activity in response to additional stimuli presented during the passive view task, which was not seen for the WM task, when those additional stimuli were to be ignored.
The results indicate that ED / DD resistance does not necessarily involve suppression of distractor-related activity. Rather, a rise in distractor-associated activity is prevented when distractors are presented, supporting models of input gating, and providing a potential mechanism by which input-gating might be achieved.
Bioactive Flavonoids: A Comparative Overview of the Biogenetic and
Chemical Synthesis Approach
Authors: Gupta Mukta , Mishra Awanish 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
Flavonoids are natural polyphenolic compounds and constitute a major class of plant secondary
metabolites. To date, structures of more than 10,000 different flavonoids have been elucidated,
and most of them are present in cells and tissues of plant parts. Flavonoids have been reported to exert
multiple physiological activities and are also consumed as dietary supplements. Flavonoids have been
extensively explored as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antirheumatic, antioxidant, antimalarial,
neuroprotective, cardioprotective, anti-angiogenic, and antiproliferative agents. Most of the
flavonoids are biosynthesized in plants via the phenylpropanoid pathway. However, they are associated
with some limitations. Chemical synthesis is an alternative strategy to improve the yield and obtain
purified products but is hampered by drawbacks, such as intolerance to stressful lab conditions. Pharmacokinetics
is the rate-limiting step defining the bioavailability and metabolism of flavonoids, though
greatly influenced by their chemical structure. However, nanoformulation is an emerging technique
to improve biopharmaceutical fate and achieve target drug delivery. Thus, much attention should be
given to identifying other possible chemical approaches for synthesizing flavonoids and improving
their pharmacokinetic profiling, hence potentiating their efficacy in clinic.
Advances and Prospects in Antimicrobial Research using Nanomedicines
Authors: Agrawal Surendra S. , Nagendran Saraswathy , Pimpale Avdhoot 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Nanotechnology is moving toward future goals in the field of medicines,
cosmetics and hospitality due to the size reduction of material in the range of 1-100nm, enhancing the
stability and bioavailability of the material.

Objective:
This review includes the progress in the field of nanotechnology, its advantages, understanding
and applications in antimicrobial therapy.

Methods:
The manuscripts were collected in the field of antimicrobial research with the help of nanotechnology
platforms from different sources like PubMed, ScienceDirect and Google. A total of 236
manuscripts were collected and analyzed, out of which 93 were relevant and considered for the present
manuscript.

Results:
There are diverse forms of metallic nanomaterials that show antimicrobial properties, such as
gold, silver, copper, zinc, titanium and many such metal oxides. Various carriers are used to deliver
the drug at targeted sites via encapsulating the nanomaterial in polymers, liposomes or in the lipoidal
structure. The inhibition of microorganism growth may be attributed to different mechanisms like destroying
the synthesis of a cell wall, nucleic acid, injury to the bacteria cell wall and inhibiting the
metabolic pathways in bacteria. This enhanced the antimicrobial activity and reduced the toxicity that
could be significant due to a reduction in the dose proportionality.

Conclusion:
The recent advances in drug delivery with the help of liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles,
dendrimers, and various nanoparticles led to effective prevention, treatment and diagnosis of various
microbial infections and this could dramatically change the way antimicrobial therapy explored
for reducing drug resistance.
Role of Education and Physical Activity in Executive Function Performance
of Adult Population
Authors: Sharma Namrata , Shenoy Shweta 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Executive function performance has been extensively studied in extreme
age groups, but the middle age population, where a decline could begin, is still under investigation.
The role of factors like education and physical activity that might influence cognitive performance
is not well understood.

Objective:
The study aimed to examine the influence of age, education, and physical activity on
executive function performance and the interaction effects between these factors on two subpopulations
of adults, i.e., young adults and middle-aged adults.

Methods:
92 adults, 46 young adults (N = 24.4 ± 2.7 years, 25 postgraduates and 21 PhDs) and 46
middle-aged adults (N = 48.08 ± 5.79 years, 28 postgraduates and 18 PhDs), were included. Each
subject performed Delayed Matching of Sample (DMS), Spatial Working Memory (SWM), and
Multitasking (MTT) test on CANTAB. Physical activity levels were reported through IPAQ.

Results:
Results indicated age to have a major influence on DMS, SWM, and MTT performance;
however, education was only found to influence SWM. MTT and SWM performance was found to
be lower in middle-aged adults in comparison to young adults. On comparison of test scores between
highly active and moderately active groups of middle-aged adults, no differences were
found; however, in young adults, MTT correct scores (p < 0.05) were significantly higher in the
highly active group in comparison to their counterparts. Interaction between age and level of education
revealed better retrieval in middle-aged adults with higher education in comparison to their
counterparts.

Conclusion:
In comparison to younger counterparts, executive function performance deteriorated
around the middle ages. Education was found to play a protective role in executive abilities slowing
during middle age. Also, physical activity may play some role in executive function performance.
Experiences of Using a Telepresence Robot During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Diaby Lahila Fanta , Dinesen Birthe 
Published: February 2023

Background
School absenteeism due to mental disorders and physical disabilities is an international problem. When children are absent from primary school, they do not receive the fundamental educational foundation they are entitled to. This affects their further opportunities to receive higher education later in their life. Studies show that telepresence robots can include absent students in the teachings and social life at school.

Objective
The purpose of this project was therefore to investigate the opportunities and limitations of using an OriHime telepresence robot to teach absent primary school students during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
This project was a case study from a primary school in Denmark. The study included primary school students (n=3), teachers (n=5), parents (n=2), a school principal, a pedagogue, a school absentee consultant, and a psychologist. The 14 participants were interviewed based on interview guides. In all, 20 hours of observation of OriHime have been made in the classroom conducting in the pilot test. Afterward, OriHime was tested by an absent primary school student for a 2-month period during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results
The absent students found that OriHime was useful and a good alternative for them to be able to attend class. Teachers and pupils found that OriHime was useful in a class setting but not when conducting outdoor activities. The parents found that OriHime could include the absent students in the teachings and social life in class.

Conclusions
The absent students experienced that OriHime could function as an educational and social tool during COVID-19 and that it was possible to participate in the indoor teachings while being physically absent. The absent students, teachers, and parents found OriHime useful with opportunities but stated some limitations. Based on the results, a guideline for the implementation of OriHime in Danish primary schools was produced.

Conflicts of Interest
None declared.
A Digital Single-Session Intervention Platform for Youth Mental Health: Cultural Adaptation, Evaluation, and Dissemination
Authors: Shroff Akash , Roulston Chantelle , Fassler Julia , Dierschke Nicole A , Todd Jennifer San Pedro , Ríos-Herrera Ámbar , Plastino Kristen A , Schleider Jessica Lee 
Published: February 2023

Background
Despite the proliferation of evidence-based digital mental health programs for young people, their low uptake and inconsistent implementation preclude them from benefiting youths at scale. Identifying effective implementation strategies for evidence-based supports is especially critical in regions where treatment access is lowest owing to mental health provider shortages.

Objective
The goal of this academic-community partnership, funded by the City of San Antonio Metropolitan Health District, was to culturally adapt, disseminate, and gauge the acceptability and utility of an evidence-based digital mental health platform—Project Youth Empowerment and Support (YES)—among English- and Spanish-speaking youths living in south Texas.

Methods
Project YES is an open-access, anonymous platform containing 3 evidence-based, self-guided interventions for youth mental health. Project YES was culturally adapted via focus groups and co-design sessions with San Antonio youths with lived experience of depression and anxiety; translated into Spanish; and disseminated throughout San Antonio, Texas, via community and school partnerships.

Results
During the project period (April 2021 to December 2021), 1801 San Antonio youths began and 894 (49.64%) of them completed a 30-minute, single-session intervention within Project YES (aged 11-17 years; n=718, 39.87% male; n=961, 53.36% female; and n=3, 0.17% intersex; n=1477, 82.01% Hispanic; n=77, 4.28% non-Hispanic White; n=113, 6.27% Black; n=28, 1.55% Asian; and n=93, 5.16% other). This completion rate (49.64%) surpassed those previously observed for Project YES (eg, 34% when disseminated via social media). San Antonio youths rated Project YES as highly acceptable across all metrics, both in English and Spanish. In addition, the youths who completed Project YES—ENGLISH reported significant improvements in hopelessness (Cohen d=0.33; P<001), self-hate (Cohen d=0.27; P<001), and perceived agency (Cohen d=0.25; P<001) from before to after the intervention, and the youths who completed Project YES—SPANISH reported significant improvements in self-hate (Cohen d=0.37; P=.049) from before to after the intervention.

Conclusions
The results indicate that Project YES—an open-access, free, and anonymous web-based single-session intervention platform—is an acceptable, accessible, and applicable mental health support for English- and Spanish-speaking San Antonio youths.
Баян (Увсын) нуурын хотгорын гарал үүсэл, морфологийн хэв шинжийн тайлал
Authors: Алтанболд Э. , Уламбадрах Х. , Гансүх Я. , Даариймаа Б. , Амаасүрэн Э. 
Published: February 2023

Data on the origin and morphology of the lakes in Mongolia is relatively scarce. This study represents the relationship between lake depression and faults of the Lake Bayan in Uvs province, Mongolia. The volume and area of the lake are formed due to geological and geomorphological processes and climate change. Geological faults may relate to the lake's depression. whereas, the lake depression along faults have not been studied yet. The methods used in this study are morphometric methods (Analysis of topography, geomorphological criteria, hypsometric integral (HI) and Relief Slope (RSl) analysis), Spatial improvement method of remote sensing and, geophysical magnetic survey. The present morphological patterns of lake depression were defined by coherent research methods. The study result suggests that a fault has a significant impact on the origin of the lake depression. The main fault was formed in the western part of the Lake Bayan depression. Field investigation based on coherent methods, the fault influenced the origin of the lake depression, directed by the fault SW to NE. The length of the main fault is 82.5 km; 4 lakes have been formed along this fault. The largest of the Lake Bayan. The current research suggests that the Lake Bayan origin is different from the previous explanation, and the depressions of the lakes in Mongolia need to be redefined further.
Problems of engineering geomorphology in the settlement zone of the Eg River valley: A case study of Aufeis in Erdenebulgan Soum, Khuvsgul Province, Mongolia
Authors: Amarbat Galsantsevel , Altanbold Enkhbold , Ulambadrakh Khukhuudei , Gansukh Yadamsuren , Byambakhuu Gantumur , Yumchmaa Gonchigjav 
Published: February 2023

Aufeis formation in the winter season in settlements located in continuous, discontinuous, and isolated permafrost regions of Mongolia has become one of the urgent problems that must be solved in the settlement areas. In this study, the reasons for the formation of Aufeis in the settlement area of Erdenebulgan Soum, Khuvsgul Province, located in the Eg River valley, were clarified. In addition to the analysis of geomorphology and permafrost survey materials, the research was based on satellite image data and calculated using the methods of normalized snow index (NDSI) and snow water index (SWI). In the Eg River valley, the normative depth of seasonal freezing and thawing of subsoil ranges from 2.2-3.7 meters. Depending on the freezing of the winter season, there were long, short, and straight rows of cracks and fractures in the vicinity of river diversions, floodplains, terraces, or along the settlement zone. Over the past 10 years, the average size of the Aufeis area was 5555.8 m², and the average Aufeis volume was 5000.2 m³. In 2022, the Aufeis area increased sharply to 6,381.3 m², which can be related to that year's precipitation and soil temperature fluctuations. According to the area and volume classification of Aufeis in Mongolia, the research area belongs to the III class of medium-sized category, but it is exposed to the space of Aufeis distribution due to the improper expansion of the settlement area and wrong planning. According to the changes in the satellite map over the last 30 years, the diversion of the Eg River has caused the spatial distribution of the Aufeis to move towards the settlement area. This study is important for the planning of the spatial location of towns to determine the methods of pre-research and prevention of permafrost-related phenomena and engineering geomorphological problems.
Flipbook Based E-Module With Case Method In Vehicle Testing Course
Authors: Kelana Ananda Jaka , Dedy Irfan  , Hasan Maksum  , Rizky Ema Wulansari  , Efrizon  
Published: February 2023

The rapid development of ICT (Information and Communication Technology) affects various aspects of human life including education. Utilizing this information technology can support the independent learning process for the better. E-module with the case method model is suitable media implementing in Technology and Vocational Education. This study aims to analyse the validity of E-module with case method in vehicle testing course the expert before being implemented in the learning process. This study used a quantitative research in the form of a survey. The validity of this research is divided into two categories, namely design validity and material validity. Data collection is using questionnaire in a form of Likert scale with five possible answers is used in this media validation questionnaire. The data analysis in this study is use level of validity according to Formula V Aiken. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that media design is valid in terms of didactic, construction and technical aspects. While the results of material validation also show that the material in the media is valid in terms of the quality of the material and the quality of learning. It can be concluded that the flipbook-based e-module with the case method used in this course is effective as a learning medium in the classroom during the learning process.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN AKTIVITAS SISWA MELALUI PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN LANGSUNG DALAM MATA PELAJARAN PJOK DI KELAS III SD NEGERI 05835 AMAN DAMAI
Authors: Sembiring Buktina 
Published: February 2023

Abstrak: Upaya Peningkatan Aktivitas Siswa Pada Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Langsung Dalam Mata Pelajaran PJOK Di Kelas III SD Negeri No. 058355 Aman Damai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) Saat menerapkan model pembelajaran langsung pada mata pelajaran PJOK di kelas III SD Negeri No. 058355 Aman Damai terjadi peningkatan rata-rata hasil aktivitas belajar siswa menurut dua orang pengamat dari siklus I ke siklus II.2) Hasil belajar siswa setelah menerapkan model pembelajaran langsung meningkat dari Formatif I ke Formatif II dimana terdapat 15 siswa yang nilainya meningkat dan ketuntasan belajar siswa pada Formatif I terdapat 12 orang siswa tuntas secara individu, sedangkan kelas tidak tuntas. Pada Formatif II terdapat 21 orang siswa tuntas secara individu dan kelas sudah tuntas. Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran Langsung, Aktivitas Belajar Siswa
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPS MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN GI DI KELAS IX SMP SWASTA BERDIKARI
Authors: Emawati Emawati 
Published: February 2023

Abstrak : Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran Ips Melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran GI Di Kelas IX SMP Swasta Berdikari. Rumusan dalam penelitian ini adalah; Apakah hasil belajar dan aktivitas belajar siswa meningkat setelah penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe group investigation pada mata pelajaran IPS di kelas IX SMP Swasta Berdikari?. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 34 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada siklus I rata-rata nilai tes 70 dengan ketuntasan sebesar 55,88% dan pada siklus II rata-rata nilai tes 81,8 dengan ketuntasan 91,17%,. Aktivitas belajar IPS siswa pada Siklus I antara lain menulis dan membaca 42,2%, Mengerjakan LKS 25,9%, bertanya sesama teman 11,6%, bertanya kepada guru 15%, dan yang tidak relevan dengan KBM 5,3%. Pada Siklus II antara lain menulis dan membaca 22,5%, Mengerjakan LKS 47,5%, bertanya sesama teman 15,6%, bertanya kepada guru 10,6%, dan yang tidak relevan dengan KBM 3,8%. Kata Kunci : Model Pembelajaran Group Investigation, Hasil Belajar