bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioinformatic Analysis of miR-200b/429 and Hub Gene Network in Cervical Cancer
Authors: Shukla Vaibhav , Mallya Sandeep , Adiga Divya , Sriharikrishnaa S. , Chakrabarty Sanjiban , Kabekkodu Shama Prasada 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe miR-200b/429 located at 1p36 is a highly conserved miRNA cluster emerging as a critical regulator of cervical cancer. Using publicly available miRNA expression data from TCGA and GEO followed by independent validation, we aimed to identify the association between miR-200b/429 expression and cervical cancer. miR-200b/429 cluster was significantly overexpressed in cancer samples compared to normal samples. miR-200b/429 expression did not correlate with patient survival; however, its overexpression correlated with histological type. Protein–protein interaction analysis of 90 target genes of miR-200b/429 identified EZH2, FLT1, IGF2, IRS1, JUN, KDR, SOX2, MYB, ZEB1, and TIMP2 as the top ten hub genes. PI3K–AKT and MAPK signaling pathways emerged as major target pathways of miR-200b/429 and their hub genes. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed the expression of seven miR-200b/429 target genes (EZH2, FLT1, IGF2, IRS1, JUN, SOX2, and TIMP2) to influence the overall survival of patients. The miR-200a-3p and miR-200b-5p could help predict cervical cancer with metastatic potential. The cancer hallmark enrichment analysis showed hub genes to promote growth, sustained proliferation, resistance to apoptosis, induction of angiogenesis, activation of invasion, and metastasis, enabling replicative immortality, evading immune destruction, and tumor-promoting inflammation. The drug–gene interaction analysis identified 182 potential drugs to interact with 27 target genes of miR-200b/429 with paclitaxel, doxorubicin, dabrafenib, bortezomib, docetaxel, ABT-199, eribulin, vorinostat, etoposide, and mitoxantrone emerging as the top ten best candidate drugs. Taken together, miR-200b/429 and associated hub genes can be helpful for prognostic application and clinical management of cervical cancer.
Pediatric abusive head trauma: visual outcomes, evoked potentials, diffusion tensor imaging, and relationships to retinal hemorrhages
Authors: Kelly John P. , Feldman Kenneth W. , Wright Jason N. , Metz James B. , Weiss Avery 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Function and anatomy of the visual system were evaluated in children with abusive head trauma (AHT). The relationships between retinal hemorrhages at presentation were examined with outcome measures.

Methods
Retrospective review of data in children with AHT for 1) visual acuity at last follow-up, 2) visual evoked potentials (VEP) after recovery, 3) diffusion metrics of white matter tracts and grey matter within the occipital lobe on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and 4) patterns of retinal hemorrhages at presentation. Visual acuity was converted into logarithm of minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) after correction for age. VEPs were also scored by objective signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).

Results
Of 202 AHT victims reviewed, 45 met inclusion criteria. Median logMAR was reduced to 0.8 (approximately 20/125 Snellen equivalent), with 27% having no measurable vision. Thirty-two percent of subjects had no detectable VEP signal. VEPs were significantly reduced in subjects initially presenting with traumatic retinoschisis or hemorrhages involving the macula (p < 0.01). DTI tract volumes were decreased in AHT subjects compared to controls (p < 0.001). DTI metrics were most affected in AHT victims showing macular abnormalities on follow-up ocular examination. However, DTI metrics were not correlated with visual acuity or VEPS. There was large inter-subject variability within each grouping.

Discussion
Mechanisms causing traumatic retinoschisis, or traumatic abnormalities of the macula, are associated with significant long-term visual pathway dysfunction. AHT associated abnormalities of the macula, and visual cortical pathways were more fully captured by VEPs than visual acuity or DTI metrics.
A novel graph-theoretical clustering approach to find a reduced set with extreme solutions of Pareto optimal solutions for multi-objective optimization problems
Authors: Kahagalage Sanath , Turan Hasan Hüseyin , Jalalvand Fatemeh , El Sawah Sondoss 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMulti-objective optimization problems and their solution algorithms are of great importance as single-objective optimization problems are not usually a true representation of many real-world problems. In general, multi-objective optimization problems result in a large set of Pareto optimal solutions. Each solution in this set is optimal with some trade-offs. Therefore, it is difficult for the decision-maker to select a solution, especially in the absence of subjective or judgmental information. Moreover, an analysis of all the solutions is computationally expensive and, hence, not practical. Thus, researchers have proposed several techniques such as clustering and ranking of Pareto optimal solutions to reduce the number of solutions. The ranking methods are often used to obtain a single solution, which is not a good representation of the entire Pareto set. This paper deviates from the common approach and proposes a novel graph-theoretical clustering method. The quality of the clustering based on the Silhouette score is used to determine the number of clusters. The connectivity in the objective space is used to find representative solutions for clusters. One step forward, we identify ‘extreme solutions’. Hence, the reduced set contains both extreme solutions and representative solutions. We demonstrate the performance of the proposed method by using different 3D and 8D benchmark Pareto fronts as well as Pareto fronts from a case study in Royal Australian Navy. Results revealed that the reduced set obtained from the proposed method outperforms that from theK-means clustering, which is the most popular traditional clustering approach in Pareto pruning.
Subjectivity of pre-test probability value: controversies over the use of Bayes’ Theorem in medical diagnosis
Authors: Rzepiński Tomasz 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article discusses the use of Bayes’ Theorem in medical diagnosis with a view to examining the epistemological problems of interpreting the concept of pre-test probability value. It is generally maintained that pre-test probability values are determined subjectively. Accordingly, this paper investigates three main philosophical interpretations of probability (the “classic” one, based on the principle of non-sufficient reason, the frequentist one, and the personalistic one). This study argues that using Bayes’ Theorem in medical diagnosis does not require accepting the radical personalistic interpretation. It will be shown that what distinguishes radical and moderate personalist interpretations is the criterion of conditional inter-subjectivity which applies only to the moderate account of personalist interpretation.
Experimental and computational studies of tautomerism pyridine carbonyl thiosemicarbazide derivatives
Authors: Kozyra Paweł , Kaczor Agnieszka , Karczmarzyk Zbigniew , Wysocki Waldemar , Pitucha Monika 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTautomerism is one of the most important phenomena to consider when designing biologically active molecules. In this work, we use NMR spectroscopy, IR, and X-ray analysis as well as quantum-chemical calculations in the gas phase and in a solvent to study tautomerism of 1- (2-, 3- and 4-pyridinecarbonyl)-4-substituted thiosemicarbazide derivatives. The tautomer containing both carbonyl and thione groups turned out to be the most stable. The results of the calculations are consistent with the experimental data obtained from NMR and IR spectroscopy and with the crystalline forms from the X-ray studies. The obtained results broaden the knowledge in the field of structural studies of the thiosemicarbazide scaffold, which will translate into an understanding of the interactions of compounds with a potential molecular target.
Noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers
Authors: Cheng Bin , Deng Xiu-Hao , Gu Xiu , He Yu , Hu Guangchong , Huang Peihao , Li Jun , Lin Ben-Chuan , Lu Dawei , Lu Yao , Qiu Chudan , Wang Hui , Xin Tao , Yu Shi , Yung Man-Hong , Zeng Junkai , Zhang Song , Zhong Youpeng , Peng Xinhua , Nori Franco , Yu Dapeng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractQuantum computers have made extraordinary progress over the past decade, and significant milestones have been achieved along the path of pursuing universal fault-tolerant quantum computers. Quantum advantage, the tipping point heralding the quantum era, has been accomplished along with several waves of breakthroughs. Quantum hardware has become more integrated and architectural compared to its toddler days. The controlling precision of various physical systems is pushed beyond the fault-tolerant threshold. Meanwhile, quantum computation research has established a new norm by embracing industrialization and commercialization. The joint power of governments, private investors, and tech companies has significantly shaped a new vibrant environment that accelerates the development of this field, now at the beginning of the noisy intermediate-scale quantum era. Here, we first discuss the progress achieved in the field of quantum computation by reviewing the most important algorithms and advances in the most promising technical routes, and then summarizing the next-stage challenges. Furthermore, we illustrate our confidence that solid foundations have been built for the fault-tolerant quantum computer and our optimism that the emergence of quantum killer applications essential for human society shall happen in the future.
Structure-based mechanism and inhibition of cholesteryl ester transfer protein
Authors: Xue Han , Zhang Meng , Liu Jianfang , Wang Jianjun , Ren Gang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPurpose of ReviewCholesteryl ester transfer proteins (CETP) regulate plasma cholesterol levels by transferring cholesteryl esters (CEs) among lipoproteins. Lipoprotein cholesterol levels correlate with the risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). This article reviews recent research on CETP structure, lipid transfer mechanism, and its inhibition.Recent FindingsGenetic deficiency in CETP is associated with a low plasma level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and a profoundly elevated plasma level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), which correlates with a lower risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). However, a very high concentration of HDL-C also correlates with increased ASCVD mortality. Considering that the elevated CETP activity is a major determinant of the atherogenic dyslipidemia, i.e., pro-atherogenic reductions in HDL and LDL particle size, inhibition of CETP emerged as a promising pharmacological target during the past two decades. CETP inhibitors, including torcetrapib, dalcetrapib, evacetrapib, anacetrapib and obicetrapib, were designed and evaluated in phase III clinical trials for the treatment of ASCVD or dyslipidemia. Although these inhibitors increase in plasma HDL-C levels and/or reduce LDL-C levels, the poor efficacy against ASCVD ended interest in CETP as an anti-ASCVD target. Nevertheless, interest in CETP and the molecular mechanism by which it inhibits CE transfer among lipoproteins persisted. Insights into the structural-based CETP-lipoprotein interactions can unravel CETP inhibition machinery, which can hopefully guide the design of more effective CETP inhibitors that combat ASCVD.SummaryIndividual-molecule 3D structures of CETP bound to lipoproteins provide a model for understanding the mechanism by which CETP mediates lipid transfer and which in turn, guide the rational design of new anti-ASCVD therapeutics.
Social Participation Considered as Meaningful in old age − the Perceptions of Senior Housing Residents in Finland
Authors: Sirén Ann-Louise , Seppänen Marjaana , von Bonsdorff Mikaela B. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAs populations across the world age, there is a recognised need for promoting social participation in older adults. Previous studies related to social participation have addressed that interactions perceived as meaningful may improve quality of life in old age. However, what is less clear is the nature of such participation from the perspective of older adults, as the vast majority of studies have been quantitative. The present study aimed to explore what characterises social participation that contributes to a meaningful everyday life, from the viewpoint of independently living Finnish older adults. Thematic analysis was used as an interpretative method drawing on semi-structured in-depth interviews with six residents aged 82 to 97 years from one senior housing facility. The analysis showed that social participation perceived as meaningful involved caring reciprocal interactions with people they connected with; having the freedom to make autonomous decisions and influence matters that affected their own or others’ everyday life; and, on a more abstract level, feeling significant as a person. It furthermore fostered independence and companionship as well as reduced loneliness. To describe social participation that is perceived as meaningful from a theoretical perspective, we used Levasseur and colleagues’ (2010) taxonomy and found that such involvement creates a sense of connectedness, a sense of belonging and relates to the concepts of social integration, social networking and social engagement. This type of involvement is associated with enhanced quality of life and a more meaningful life, highlighting the importance of creating environments where older adults can socially connect.
Identification, Witnessing and Reaction to School Bullying Behaviour in Secondary Education
Authors: García-Díaz Verónica , Urbano-Contreras Antonio , Iglesias-García María-Teresa , Álvarez-Blanco Lucía 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study, carried out with 10,795 Compulsory Secondary Education students (Asturias, Spain), seeks to determine what behaviours are considered school bullying, to what extent they are witnessed, and what the typical reactions to bullying are. To gather the data, a 19-item questionnaire was used, with a high degree of reliability (α = 0.85). Regarding the results, most of the students have a concept of bullying generally related to the use of physical force, although the behaviours witnessed with the greatest frequency are insults, social exclusion, or damaging belongings. As for their reaction, students tend to assume the role of a proactive witness, the tendency being to ask an adult for help. Nevertheless, there are many students whose knowledge and recognition of bullying is scarce, and who, by choice, limit themselves to observing. The results are useful for designing educational actions aimed at the intervention and prevention of school bullying.
Braking distance prediction for vehicle consist in low-speed on-sight operation: a Monte Carlo approach
Authors: Pfaff Raphael 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe first and last mile of a railway journey, in both freight and transit applications, constitutes a high effort and is either non-productive (e.g. in the case of depot operations) or highly inefficient (e.g. in industrial railways). These parts are typically managed on-sight, i.e. with no signalling and train protection systems ensuring the freedom of movement. This is possible due to the rather short braking distances of individual vehicles and shunting consists. The present article analyses the braking behaviour of such shunting units. For this purpose, a dedicated model is developed. It is calibrated on published results of brake tests and validated against a high-definition model for low-speed applications. Based on this model, multiple simulations are executed to obtain a Monte Carlo simulation of the resulting braking distances. Based on the distribution properties and established safety levels, the risk of exceeding certain braking distances is evaluated and maximum braking distances are derived. Together with certain parameters of the system, these can serve in the design and safety assessment of driver assistance systems and automation of these processes.
Der »Geist« der Deutschen Vierteljahrsschrift: Wühler, Problem und Problembibliothek
Authors: Laube Reinhard 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Zeitschriftenkonzept von 1923 wird neu gelesen, mit einem selektiven Plädoyer für drei Anschlussmöglichkeiten: der »Geist« als »Wühler«, Geistesgeschichte als kultur- und wissenssoziologisch informierte Problemgeschichte und die Forschungs- als Problembibliothek.
Where Are the Children?: Addiction Workers’ Knowledge of Clients’ Offspring and Related Risks
Authors: Russell Lynda , Gajwani Ruchika , Turner Fiona , Minnis Helen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractParental substance use can harm and increase risk to children. Accurate reporting and monitoring by addiction staff is essential to support and protect families and children. The caseloads of 8 nurses and 12 social care workers (736 service users) were reviewed for offspring related information. 62.8% of service users were parents, 38.3% of those being parents of children aged 16 years and under. Data were available on 913 offspring, 475 (52%) aged 16 or under. 32% of the total offspring sample, and of the 16 and under sample, lived with a family member who was not the parent receiving treatment and had no social work involvement. Seven offspring (0.8%) were deceased—a two-fold increase in mortality rate compared to the general population, highlighting the increased risk of harm experienced by the offspring of this group of parents. In the records of 53 parents (11.5%; 68 children), there was a discrepancy between the electronic records and staff knowledge about children aged 16 and under. Of these 68 children, 56 (11.8%) were recorded on the electronic system but not reported by the care manager, and 12 (2.5%) were only reported by the care manager but were not recorded on the electronic system. Worryingly, there might also be children who are neither on electronic systems nor known to staff. Due to these discrepancies in recording and the increased risks to these children, we recommend that addiction staff routinely asks service users if they are parents and who provides care for their children.
Convergence of the source control and actual access accounts of privacy
Authors: Asgarinia Haleh 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper, it is argued that, when properly revised in the face of counter-examples, the source control and actual access views of privacy are extensionally equivalent but different in their underlying rationales. In this sense, the source control view and the actual access view, when properly modified to meet counter-examples, can be metaphorically compared to ‘climbing the same mountain but from different sides’ (as Parfit [1] has argued about normative theories). These two views can equally apply to the privacy debates and, thus, resolve a long-standing debate in the literature.
Mill's Constitution of Liberty: an alternative behavioural policy framework
Authors: Hargreaves Heap Shaun P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper offers an interpretation of the behavioural evidence that casts doubt over whether people always have preferences or, if they do, that they are stable. If people do not have preferences in this sense, then the usual policy evaluation standard of preference satisfaction cannot be used in these cases. The paper then develops, to fill this gap, a Millian policy framework where policy is judged by whether it advances what Mill understands by individual liberty in On Liberty. This yields many recognisable policies but offers a different evaluative standard for them. It also yields some policy innovations: e.g. a basic income and a flat tax.
On the derived Lusztig correspondence
Authors: Laumon Gérard , Letellier Emmanuel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Let G be a connected reductive group, T a maximal torus of G, N the normalizer of T and

$W=N/T$

the Weyl group of G. Let

${\mathfrak {g}}$

and

${\mathfrak {t}}$

be the Lie algebras of G and T. The affine variety

$\mathfrak {car}={\mathfrak {t}}/\!/W$

of semisimple G-orbits of

${\mathfrak {g}}$

has a natural stratification

$$ \begin{align*} \mathfrak{car}=\coprod_{\lambda}\mathfrak{car}_{\lambda} \end{align*} $$

indexed by the set of G-conjugacy classes of Levi subgroups: the open stratum is the set of regular semisimple orbits and the closed stratum is the set of central orbits.
In [17], Rider considered the triangulated subcategory

$D_{\mathrm {c}}^{\mathrm {b}}([{\mathfrak {g}}_{\mathrm {nil}}/G])^{\mathrm {Spr}}$

of

$D_{\mathrm {c}}^{\mathrm {b}}([{\mathfrak {g}}_{\mathrm {nil}}/G])$

generated by the direct summand of the Springer sheaf. She proved that it is equivalent to the derived category of finitely generated dg modules over the smash product algebra

${\overline {\mathbb {Q}}_{\ell }}[W]\# H^{\bullet }_G(G/B)$

where

$H^{\bullet }_G(G/B)$

is the G-equivariant cohomology of the flag variety. Notice that the later derived category is

$D_{\mathrm {c}}^{\mathrm {b}}(\mathrm {B}(N))$

where

$\mathrm {B}(N)=[\mathrm {Spec}(k)/N]$

is the classifying stack of N-torsors.
The aim of this paper is to understand geometrically and generalise Rider’s equivalence of categories: For each

$\lambda $

we construct a cohomological correspondence inducing an equivalence of categories between

$D_{\mathrm {c}}^{\mathrm {b}}([{\mathfrak {t}}_{\lambda }/N])$

and

$D_{\mathrm {c}}^{\mathrm {b}}([{\mathfrak {g}}_{\lambda }/G])^{\mathrm {Spr}}$

.
Ion emission from nanodroplets undergoing Coulomb explosions: a continuum numerical study
Authors: Misra Kaartikey , Gamero-Castaño Manuel 
Published: March 2023

A droplet charged above the Rayleigh limit is unstable. In the resulting dynamical process, referred to as a Coulomb explosion, smaller droplets with higher charge-to-mass ratios are ejected, reducing the charge of the parent droplet below the Rayleigh limit. Furthermore, if the droplet is sufficiently small, the electric field on its surface can promote ion field emission. Ion emission can lower the charge of a spherical droplet below its Rayleigh limit, keeping it stable, or reduce the charge of a deforming droplet, changing its dynamics and potentially preventing the Coulomb explosion. This article develops a continuum phase field electrohydrodynamic model to study the interplay between Coulomb explosions and ion emission, using charged nanodroplets of the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (EMI-Im) as a case study. In small droplets (diameter

$D \lesssim 20$

nm for EMI-Im), the electric field is strong enough to emit ions in the early phase of the droplet's evolution, suppressing the Coulomb explosion. For

$20 \lesssim D \lesssim 45$

nm, the electric field on the EMI-Im droplet may not promote significant ion emission; however, as the unstable droplet becomes ellipsoidal, ions are emitted from its vertices, ultimately suppressing the Coulomb explosion while shedding

$20\unicode{x2013}40\,\%$

of the initial charge. For larger EMI-Im droplets,

$45 \lesssim D \lesssim 100$

nm, the evolution typical of a Coulomb explosion is observed, accompanied by ion emission which is however insufficient to prevent the Coulomb explosion. Ion emission and the smaller progeny droplets account for

$24\,\%$

and

$16\,\%$

of the initial charge, respectively.