bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
International normalized ratio and activated partial thromboplastin time can be predictors of expansive intracranial hematoma among traumatic brain injured patients in a tertiary centre in Uganda
Authors: Kamabu Larrey Kasereka , Bbosa Godfrey S. , Lekuya Hervé Monka , Sekabunga Juliet Nalwanga , Vivalya Bives Mutume Nzanzu , Kataka Louange Maha , Obiga Doomwin Oscar Deogratius , Kiryabwire Joel , Galukande Moses 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) is a common problem among traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients which may contribute to expansive intracranial hematoma (EIH). However, there is limited evidence on whether raised international normalized ratio (INR) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) which may contribute to this problem. The study assessed the effects of changes in INR and aPTT on EIH among TBI patients at the Mulago National Referral Hospital (MNRH), Kampala, Uganda.
Methods
A cross sectional study was conducted among TBI patients with intracranial hematoma undergoing surgical evacuation during a period of 16th June 2021 to 17th December 2022. Plasma INR and aPTT levels were analysed at Mulago hospital clinical hematological laboratory unit on admission to the Accident and emergency. Demographic and hematological data were captured using the Research Electronic Data Capture (Redcap) system. Patients with high aPTT and INR on admission were monitored for hematoma enlargement complications until surgical evacuation decision making. The independent outcomes were the INR and an aPTT value. The dependent outcomes were hematomas enlargement of over 33% evidence by two CT scans (baseline and follow up) and demographic characteristic. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to identify variables associated with hematoma enlargement.
Results
Intracranial hematomas were observed in all 324 patients and of these 59.3% had EIH. Patients with EIH had a statistically different mean age from those without EIH (42.3 ± 17.9 vs. 30.5 ± 14.0 years, p < 0.001). About 79.7% were males in EIH group versus 81.7% in no EIH group. The main cause of EIH was road traffic crushes involving motorcycle riders (60.5%). Raised INR and a PTT were observed in 58.9% and 59.6% among patients respectively. At multivariate, for every unit increased in plasma INR value, risk of hematoma expansion increased by 3.76 times [β = 3.76, 95% CI: 0.936 to 0.981]. Similarly, every unit increased in plasma aPTT value, risk of hematoma expansion increased by 5.82 times [β = 5.82, 95% CI: 0.909 to 0.954].
Conclusion
EIH, elevated INR and aPTT are common with a prevalence of 59.3%,58.9% and 59.6% among TBI patients respectively. Patients with raised INR, aPTT have 3.76- and 5.82-times higher risk of developing a EIH respectively when compared to controls. These findings imply routine plasma INR and aPTT levels monitoring and could form the basis for establishing a hematological control protocol for such patients in remote settings.
Intelligent Task Offlfloading and Resource Allocation in Cloud and MEC-Enabled Cyber-Physical Systems for Healthcare Application
Authors: Mei Yonggang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Healthcare cyber physical systems (CPSs) involve multiple healthcare devices and wearables that are distributed among the cloud and edge environments. Cooperation of the edge and the cloud in mobile cloud computing (MCC) based CPS environment could make miners with computation intensive tasks obtain much satisfactory offloading services. We investigate the intelligent computation offloading problem by jointly considering offloading decision making, computation and communication resource allocation, with fairness and minimum radio transmit rate guaranteed, aiming to minimize the maximum total weighted cost of all the users. This problem is formulated as a mixed-integer non-linear programming (MINLP), which is NPhard. To tackle this challenge, we first convert it into a nonconvex quadratically constrained quadratic program (QCQP), and through semidefinite relaxation (SDR), it is resolved easily. Then the offloading decisions are extracted from the solution of the relaxed problem with random mapping method. Next uniform assignment scheme is adopted both in computation resource allocation and radio resource allocation.
Evaluation of soil fertility in northwest Iran: A comparison based on elevation
Authors: Aqdam Kamal Khosravi , Asadzadeh Farrokh , Rezapour Salar , Nouri Amin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Soil fertility and nutrient management are the main factors that directly affect the yield of the product. To evaluate the soil fertility at different elevations (including 1600-2000, 2000-2400, 2400-2800, and >2800 m), 350 surface soil samples (0-30 cm) were collected from the agricultural lands of northwestern Iran. Then, soil properties, including soil texture (%), CaCO3 (%), pH, EC (dS.m-1), organic matter (OM) (%), and soil nutrients (macro and micro) (mg.kg-1), were measured. Finally, the interpretation and classification of the soil samples were made using the nutritional value index (NIV) based on the Gomez and Common methods. The comparison of the NIV index based on elevation changes showed that the Gomez method tends to classify the soil properties in the optimal class due to its tendency towards the center of the data. But the Common method is more consistent with reality. After classifying the NIV index using the Common method, it was determined that CaCO3 (%) and soil salinity is not the main problem for soil fertility in different elevation classes. However, in all elevations, high pH, low OM (%) at elevations >2800 m, total nitrogen (TN) (mg.kg-1), available phosphorous (AP) (mg.kg-1), and micronutrients deficiencies (except Zn at the elevation of 1600-2000 m) are the main limiting factors for soil fertility of agricultural lands. Therefore, to improve the soil fertility in all the elevations of the agricultural lands in the northwest of Iran, there is a need to improve the condition of macro and micronutrients (mg.kg-1), especially TN (mg.kg-1).
Deciphering genetic causality between inflammatory bowel disease and periodontitis: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: Yu Feiyan , yang yang , Wu Dongchao , Chang Minjing , Han Chong , Wang Qianqian , Li Yi , He Dongning 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and periodontitis are closely associated; however, whether there is a causal association between them is unclear. To explore the existence of causation between genetically proxied inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), and periodontitis, using a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis.
Results:The genetic variants were obtained from the summary statistics of genome-wide association studies of IBD, CD, UC, and periodontitis. To investigate the potential causal association between genetic liability for IBD, including CD and UC, and periodontitis, we used random-effects inverse-variance weighted as primary method with weighted median, MR Egger regression as complementary methods, and a series of sensitivity analyses. Using 175, 148, and 113 single-nucleotide polymorphisms as instrumental variables for IBD, CD, and UC, respectively, we did not find a significant effect of genetically proxied IBD and its subtypes on periodontitis. Applying six single-nucleotide polymorphisms for periodontitis, we did not find a significant effect of the genetic liability for periodontitis on IBD, CD, and UC either. Sensitivity analyses did not reveal horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneity.
Conclusions: No causation in the forward or reverse direction was noted. Our resultssuggest that the treatment of one of these two conditions might not affect the other and help predict what future large-scale RCTs will show.
Excitable reaction-diffusion waves in deformable membranes: disappearance, division, and route change
Authors: Noguchi Hiroshi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Shapes of biomembrane in living cells are regulated by curvature-inducing proteins. However, the effects of membrane deformation on signal transactions such as chemical waves have not been researched adequately. Here, we report that membrane deformation can alter the propagation of excitable reaction-diffusion waves using state-of-the-art simulations. Reaction waves can induce large shape transformations, such as membrane budding and necking, that erase or divide the wave, depending on the curvature generated by the waves, feedback to the wave propagation, and the ratio of the reaction and deformation times. Using genus-2 vesicles, we demonstrate that the occasional disappearance of the waves results in the reverse operation of the wave circuit. Our findings suggest that membrane deformation and reaction waves can together regulate signal transactions on biomembranes.
HPLC method for simultaneous identification and quantification of Enrofloxacin, Bromhexine*HCl and their related substances / degradation products, in veterinary pharmaceutical product, Bromflovet
Authors: Neagu Maria , Rusu Vasile Cornel , Cadleti Iosif , Cioroiu Bogdan-Ionel , Niculaua Marius , Nechita Bogdan-Constantin , Chirita Aurel Marian 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

This study aims to develop an HPLC analytical method, for separation, identification and quantification of related substances and degradation products, in veterinary finished product with two active substances Enrofloxacin (ENR) and Bromhexine hydrochloride (BRM). Analytical method used an Agilent Eclipse Plus C18 column (150 mm length x 4,6 mm I.D., 5 µm particle size) and a mobile phase consisted in a mixture of 2.5% phosphoric acid buffered at pH-2.3 with trimethylamine and acetonitrile in a gradient mode from 85% FMA to 55% FMA in 14,2 minutes, isocratic mode for 1 more minute and re-equilibration, total chromatographic time being 21 minutes. The method was developed in order to assure the separation of impurities specific with ENR and BRM. Specificity in relation with degradation products revealed up to 20 impurities for ENR and 5 impurities related with BRM. The spectra of impurities were chosen among the compounds found in forced degradation studies. Method validation was performed according to VICH GL 2 – Validation of analytical procedures and included selectivity/specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, LOQ, LOD, robustness, system suitability. Under these conditions linearity was between 0.015–0.06 mg/mL for ENR and 0.001125–0.005625 mg/mL for BRM. Limit of quantification for ENR was 0.00292 mg/ml and 0.001103 mg/ml for BRM. These limits assured method performance because they are under the reporting threshold from VICH GL11 Impurities in new veterinary medicinal products which is 0.3%. Recovery was calculated on three concentrations for every compound and were 102.99% for ENR and 102.91% for BRM. In terms of intermediate precision, a relative maximum deviation of 2.5% was obtained for area and retention of the two compounds by using two analysts in two different days of application. This method used common and cheaper reagents and can separate and quantify, in a short time, all these compounds and is suitable to be used in quality control of the product.
Fabrication of light trapping structures specialized for near- infrared light by nanoimprinting for the application to thin crystalline silicon solar cells
Authors: Kimata Yuto , Gotoh Kazuhiro , Miyamoto Satoru , Kato Shinya , Kurokawa Yasuyoshi , Usami Noritaka 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Vehicle-integrated photovoltaics (VIPV) are gaining attention to realize a decarbonized society in the future, and the specifications for solar cells used in VIPV are predicated on a low cost, high efficiency, and the ability to be applied to curved surfaces. One way to meet these requirements is to make the silicon substrate thinner. However, thinner substrates result in lower near-infrared light absorption and lower efficiency. To increase light absorption, light trapping structures (LTSs) can be implemented. However, conventional alkali etched pyramid textures are not specialized for near-infrared light and are insufficient to improve near-infrared light absorption. Therefore, in this study, as an alternative to alkaline etching, we employed a nanoimprinting method that can easily fabricate submicron-sized LTSs on solar cells over a large area. In addition, as a master mold fabrication method with submicron-sized patterns, silica colloidal lithography was adopted. As a result, by controlling silica coverage, diameter of silica particles (D), and etching time (tet), the density, height, and size of LTSs could be controlled. At the silica coverage of 40%, D = 800 nm, and tet=5 minutes, the reduction of reflectance below 65% at 1100 nm and the theoretical short-circuit current gain of 1.55 mA/cm2 was achieved.
Study of Distortion on Milled Thin-Wall Aluminum Parts Influenced by Initial Residual Stress and Toolpath Strategy
Authors: Zheng Jun-Yuan , Voyle Robert , Tang Hon Ping , Mannion Anthony 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Monolithic aluminium alloy parts are highly required in aeronautical industry, but they show significant geometrical distortion after the machining process. This work investigated the distortion attributed by the initial residual stress of raw material and the machining induced residual stress during the milling process, as well as explored the effects of the machining toolpath strategy. Single-/multi-pocket parts were milled from 7050-T7451 aluminium blocks with different initial residual stress, and an element deletion method was developed for numerical study to simulate different sequences of material removal. It was revealed that the toolpath parallel to the long side of block caused more distortion on the side surfaces of final part. The value of distortion was positively correlated to the magnitude of initial residual stress of raw material. The simulation results indicated that the distortion attributed by machining induced residual stress accounted for about 15% of final distortion. The finding promotes the design optimization of machining monolithic parts by minimizing distortion, thereby benefitting the application of large monolithic parts in industry.
Mental Health Information Reporting Assistant (MHIRA) - an open-source software facilitating evidence-based assessment for clinical services
Authors: Zimmermann Ronan , Konjufca Jon , Kilonzo Mrema , Quevedo Yamil , Blum Kathrin , Biba Edison , Mosha Tumaini , Kaaya Sylvia , Behn Alex , Arenliu Aliriza 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Evidence-based assessment (EBA) in mental health is a critical aspect of improving patient outcomes and addressing the gaps in mental health care. EBA involves the use of psychometric instruments to gather data that can inform clinical decision-making, inform policymakers, and serve as a basis for research and quality management. Despite its potential, EBA is often hindered by barriers such as workload and cost, leading to its underutilization. To simplify the application of EBA, an international team of researchers and practitioners from Tanzania, Kosovo, Chile, and Switzerland developed the Mental Health Information Reporting Assistant (MHIRA). MHIRA is an open source electronic health record that streamlines EBA by digitising psychometric instruments and organising patient data in a user-friendly manner. It provides immediate and convenient reports to inform clinical decision-making. The current article provides a comprehensive overview of the features and technical details of MHIRA, as well as insights from four implementation scenarios. The experience gained during the implementations as well as the user-feedback suggests that MHIRA has the potential to be successfully implemented in a variety of clinical contexts, and simplify the use of EBA. However, further research is necessary to establish its potential to sustainably transform healthcare services and impact patient outcomes. In conclusion, MHIRA represents an important step in promoting the widespread adoption of EBA in mental health. It offers a promising solution to the barriers that have limited the use of EBA in the past and holds the potential to improve patient outcomes and support the ongoing efforts to address gaps in mental health care.
A proof that the set of NP-problems is bigger than the set of P-problems by using a logical consideration.
Authors: Louiz Akram 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Thanks to my short studies about informatics, I present to you this mathematical proof that deals with the sets of P problems, NP-Complete problems and NP-Hard problems in order to prove new formulas about the cardinality of each group of problems and about the intersection of each one of these sets.
This work uses logical considerations about the complexity of NP-Hard problems in order to provea theoremabout the complexity ofproblems that allows us to identify NP problems even if their algorithms have infinite time of execution. This work ends by proving that the set of NP-Problems is definitely bigger than the set of P-Problems. Hence, I invite all the readers to develop the results of this article and to present their opinions about the used considerations in this work.
Improving the quality of clinical training in maternal and neonatal health in undergraduate nursing students: A participatory action research
Authors: Hoseini Akramsadat Sadat , Ghasemi Fatemeh , Valizadeh Fatemeh , Nayeri Nahid Dehghan , Toulabi Tahereh , Hasanvand Shirin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Improving the quality of clinical training is synonymous with accomplishing nursing education goals and improving the quality of nursing care. This study aimed to improve the quality of clinical training in Maternal and Neonatal Health (MNH) in nursing students.
Methods
This action research was conducted in two cycles from June 2017 to June 2018. In the first cycle, semi-structured interviews were held with stakeholders to identify clinical problems and improvement strategies. Based on the results of these sessions, the changes needed to improve the quality of clinical training were planned and implemented. The weaknesses and strengths of the implemented changes were then identified through group discussions with the stakeholders. In the second cycle, a second plan was carried out to correct the weaknesses of the changes planned in the first cycle, and the modifications were implemented and evaluated.
Results
The main three categories extracted included an unsystematic curriculum and its inadequate monitoring, inadequate resources and facilities, and the student's lack of motivation. The measures taken for improvement included holding communication workshops, developing and internalizing logbooks, reducing the number of students in clinical training groups, using modern clinical training methods, and changing clinical evaluation methods.
Conclusion
Improving communication skills among the students, trainers, and hospital personnel and using modern clinical training methods, such as conceptual maps, triple jumps, and clinical skill centers, are the best strategies for improving clinical training in MNH nursing students.
Quality by design enabled self-nano emulsifying drug delivery systems development for the oral delivery of telmisartan: Improvement of biopharmaceutical performance
Authors: Maharana Rajib Lochan , Swain Suryakanta , Mahapatra Santosh Kumar , Jena Bikash Ranjan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To increase the drug's oral bioavailability, a self-nano emulsifying drug delivery system was designed using capmul MCM, labrasol, and tween-20 as the oil, surfactant, and co-surfactant, respectively. Oil and Smix were tested for pre-isotropic compatibility and optimization of the formulations by using DoE software. Dispersibility, self-emulsifying duration, mean globule size, and stability were determined by a heating-cooling cycle and phase separation.
Methods: Self-nano emulsifying systems were created into free-flowing granules by adsorbing using the ratios of aerosil 200, sylysia 350, 550, and 730 as porous carriers and neusilin as an adsorbing agent. The FT-IR study assessed the drug's compatibility with various excipients and confirm no interaction. The produced granules were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry, dissolution profile, and other flow property measures. The SEM examination revealed no evidence of drug precipitation on the carrier's surface. Self-nano emulsifying tablets were prepared through direct compression and changed by adding hydrophilic polymers like Avicel 112 and cross-povidone.
Results: The tablets produced had a round form, a pleasing appearance, less friability, and a faster rate of disintegration. The X-RD was used to characterize the physical properties of the pure drug and S-SEDDS, which determined that both the pharmaceutical and formulations were amorphous. Comparative dissolving testing with capsules in SGF pH 1.2 and phosphate buffer pH 6.8 revealed a significant increase in drug dissolution over the pure drug.
Conclusion: The study signifies the chosen drug using S-SEDDS improved its biopharmaceutical performance significantly, which may be relevant to other drugs with similar properties.
Qualify a near-infrared camera to detect thermal deviation during aluminum alloy Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Dellarre Anthony , Béraud Nicolas , Tardif Nicolas , Vignat Frédéric , Villeneuve François , Limousin Maxime 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This paper proposes to qualify the minimal quality deviation that can be detected by a near-infrared camera during aluminum Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing. First, a review of the literature is done to highlight the interest of monitoring the melt pool in industrial condition for thermal management during manufacturing. It points out the relevance of the use of a Near-Infrared camera for steels but it has to be demonstrated for aluminum alloys. Indeed, the melt pool of the aluminum is significantly dimmer and less distinct than the melt pool of the steels. An experimental design is proposed to qualify the minimal quality deviation that can be detected on a thin wall. The chosen default to correlate with the thermal deviation is the width of the wall. A method is proposed to extract a thermal metric from the camera image and to analyze its sensitivity to a width deviation of the wall. The paper shows the correlation between the width of the wall and the thermal metric for different heat conditions. Moreover, the thermal metric is sensitive to width deviation either at the wall scale and at the bead scale. It indicates the relevance of a near-infrared camera to detect heat accumulation induced width deviation during Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing of aluminum alloy.