bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Residual acetabular dysplasia after Pavlik harness treatment for Graf type II hips
Authors: Li Yuchan , Wang Zhigang , Miao Mingyuan , Xu Yunlan , Shi Jing 
Published: June 2023

Purpose: To evaluate the residual acetabular dysplasia in Graf type II hips after Pavlik harness treatment with a radiographic follow-up at 2 years of age. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the developmental dysplasia of the hip patients who were treated with the Pavlik harness between March 2018 and February 2022. Patients with Graf type II hip dysplasia who had at least one radiographic follow-up after 2 years of age were included. The following information, sex, laterality, affected side, age at harness initiation, treatment duration, α angle, and the morphology of bony roof, was collected and studied. We evaluated the radiographic acetabular index at the last follow-up and defined the value of greater than 2 standard deviations as residual acetabular dysplasia. Results: A total of 33 patients (53 hips) met the criteria. The mean initial α angle was 53.4°; the mean age at Pavlik harness initiation was 10.9 weeks. The mean treatment duration was 10 weeks. The mean α angle at the last ultrasound follow-up was 64.9°. The mean age of the last radiographic follow-up was 2.6 years, and 26 hips had a residual acetabular dysplasia with acetabular indexes greater than 2 standard deviations above the mean. The morphology of the acetabular bony rim (odds ratio = 4.333, P = 0.029) and age of initial treatment <12 weeks (odds ratio = 7.113, P = 0.014) were seen as significant predictors for a higher acetabular index more than 2 years of age. Conclusions: A notable incidence of residual acetabular dysplasia after Pavlik harness treatment in Graf type II hips, wherein the acetabular bony roof with a blunt rim at the end of treatment and initial age after 12 weeks were independent predictors associated with residual acetabular dysplasia. Levels of evidence: Therapeutic studies, IV.
Simulating Realistic Continuous Glucose Monitor Time Series By Data Augmentation
Authors: Gomez Louis A. , Toye Adedolapo Aishat , Hum R. Stanley , Kleinberg Samantha 
Published: June 2023

Background: Simulated data are a powerful tool for research, enabling benchmarking of blood glucose (BG) forecasting and control algorithms. However, expert created models provide an unrealistic view of real-world performance, as they lack the features that make real data challenging, while black-box approaches such as generative adversarial networks do not enable systematic tests to diagnose model performance. Methods: To address this, we propose a method that learns missingness and error properties of continuous glucose monitor (CGM) data collected from people with type 1 diabetes (OpenAPS, OhioT1DM, RCT, and Racial-Disparity), and then augments simulated BG data with these properties. On the task of BG forecasting, we test how well our method brings performance closer to that of real CGM data compared with current simulation practices for missing data (random dropout) and error (Gaussian noise, CGM error model). Results: Our methods had the smallest performance difference versus real data compared with random dropout and Gaussian noise when individually testing the effects of missing data and error on simulated BG in most cases. When combined, our approach was significantly better than Gaussian noise and random dropout for all data sets except OhioT1DM. Our error model significantly improved results on diverse data sets. Conclusions: We find a significant gap between BG forecasting performance on simulated and real data, and our method can be used to close this gap. This will enable researchers to rigorously test algorithms and provide realistic estimates of real-world performance without overfitting to real data or at the expense of data collection.
Delivering Biopsychosocial Health Care Within Routine Care: Spotlight-AQ Pivotal Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial Results
Authors: Kelly Ryan Charles , Price Hermione , Phiri Peter , Cummings Michael , Ali Amar , Patel Mayank , Barnard Ethan , Liu Yufan , Mendez Oscar , Barnard-Kelly Katharine 
Published: June 2023

Background: Annual national diabetes audit data consistently shows most people with diabetes do not consistently achieve blood glucose targets for optimal health, despite the large range of treatment options available. Aim: To explore the efficacy of a novel clinical intervention to address physical and mental health needs within routine diabetes consultations across health care settings. Methods: A multicenter, parallel group, individually randomized trial comparing consultation duration in adults diagnosed with T1D or T2D for ≥6 months using the Spotlight-AQ platform versus usual care. Secondary outcomes were HbA1c, depression, diabetes distress, anxiety, functional health status, and healthcare professional burnout. Machine learning models were utilized to analyze the data collected from the Spotlight-AQ platform to validate the reliability of question-concern association; as well as to identify key features that distinguish people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, as well as important features that distinguish different levels of HbA1c. Results: n = 98 adults with T1D or T2D; any HbA1c and receiving any diabetes treatment participated ( n = 49 intervention). Consultation duration for intervention participants was reduced in intervention consultations by 0.5 to 4.1 minutes (3%-14%) versus no change in the control group (−0.9 to +1.28 minutes). HbA1c improved in the intervention group by 6 mmol/mol (range 0-30) versus control group 3 mmol/mol (range 0-8). Moderate improvements in psychosocial outcomes were seen in the intervention group for functional health status; reduced anxiety, depression, and diabetes distress and improved well-being. None were statistically significant. HCPs reported improved communication and greater focus on patient priorities in consultations. Artificial Intelligence examination highlighted therapy and psychological burden were most important in predicting HbA1c levels. The Natural Language Processing semantic analysis confirmed the mapping relationship between questions and their corresponding concerns. Machine learning model revealed type 1 and type 2 patients have different concerns regarding psychological burden and knowledge. Moreover, the machine learning model emphasized that individuals with varying levels of HbA1c exhibit diverse levels of psychological burden and therapy-related concerns. Conclusion: Spotlight-AQ was associated with shorter, more useful consultations; with improved HbA1c and moderate benefits on psychosocial outcomes. Results reflect the importance of a biopsychosocial approach to routine care visits. Spotlight-AQ is viable across health care settings for improved outcomes.
Safety monitoring of oral iron supplements in pregnant women with anemia: a multi-center observational clinical study
Authors: Liu Chang , Zhang Qianqian , Hui Peiye , Wang Yan , Li Guohui , Cao Guangchao , Xue Zicheng , Zhang Jing , Zhang Heng , Huang Xin , Wu Jiyong , Sun Fusehng , Yan Meixing 
Published: June 2023

Aims: To investigate the safety of oral iron therapy in pregnant women with iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) in the real world. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 1792 pregnant patients with IDA who received oral iron supplements from 12 hospitals in Shandong Province from 1 April to 31 June 2021; follow-up and adverse reactions were recorded. They were divided into six groups according to the treatment drugs. Results: The overall adverse reaction rate was 15.4%, and the main adverse reaction site was the digestive system. The incidence of all kinds of oral iron adverse reactions from high to low in order: compound ferrous sulfate and folic acid tablets (21.88%); iron proteinsuccinylate oral solution (20.90%); ferrous succinate tablets (19.76%); ferrous succinate sustained-release tablets (18.00%); iron polysaccharide complex capsule (12.06%); and iron dextran oral solution (6.94%). It was found that there was a significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions among the six drugs ( p < 0.05). Pairwise comparison showed that the incidence of adverse reactions was higher in the iron proteinsuccinylate oral solution than that in the iron polysaccharide complex capsule ( p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions in different ages ( p > 0.05), but there was a significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions in different gestational ages ( p < 0.05). In Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) patients, the adverse reaction result of most patients is recovery or improvement, and there was no serious adverse reaction outcome such as sequela and death. Conclusion: All the adverse reactions of oral iron were mainly gastrointestinal adverse reactions, and no heavy adverse reactions were found. Iron proteinsuccinylate oral solution has a higher incidence of adverse reactions than iron polysaccharide complex capsule. The results showed that oral iron was safer for anemia patients during pregnancy.
Cocreation of a conversational agent to help patients adhere to their varenicline treatment: A study protocol
Authors: Minian Nadia , Mehra Kamna , Rose Jonathan , Veldhuizen Scott , Zawertailo Laurie , Ratto Matt , Lecce Julia , Selby Peter 
Published: June 2023

Objective Varenicline is the most efficacious approved smoking cessation medication, making it one of the most cost-effective clinical interventions for reducing tobacco-related morbidity and mortality. Adhering to varenicline is strongly associated with smoking cessation. Healthbots have the potential to help people adhere to their medications by scaling up evidence-based behavioral interventions. In this protocol, we outline how we will follow the UK's Medical Research Council's guidance to codesign a theory-informed, evidence-based, and patient-centered healthbot to help people adhere to varenicline. Methods The study will utilize the Discover, Design and Build, and Test framework and will include three phases: (a) a rapid review and interviews with 20 patients and 20 healthcare providers to understand barriers and facilitators to varenicline adherence (Discover phase); (b) Wizard of Oz test to design the healthbot and get a sense of the questions that chatbot has to be able to answer (Design phase); and (c) building, training, and beta-testing the healthbot (Building and Testing phases) where the Nonadoption, Abandonment, Scale-up, Spread, and Sustainability framework will be used to develop the healthbot using the simplest sensible solution, and 20 participants will beta test the healthbot. We will use the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behavior (COM-B) model of behavior change and its associated framework, the Theoretical Domains Framework, to organize the findings. Conclusions The present approach will enable us to systematically identify the most appropriate features for the healthbot based on a well-established behavioral theory, the latest scientific evidence, and end users’ and healthcare providers’ knowledge.
A Vermont Statewide Educational Intervention to Improve Access to Hepatitis C Virus Treatment in a Rural State
Authors: Hale Andrew J. , Lidofsky Steven D. 
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVES Improved knowledge of hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening, linkage to care, and treatment is needed among nonspecialist medical professionals to combat the HCV epidemic. The authors sought to implement and analyze the impact of an HCV curriculum for primary care professionals (PCPs) across the state of Vermont, USA. METHODS This investigation was a retrospective analysis of uptake of a Vermont HCV educational curriculum and its impact on HCV direct-acting antiviral (DAA) prescribing rates within the state before and after the study period. The curriculum was delivered online and in-person over 2 years from 2019 to 2020. The primary outcome was health care professional performance on a pre- and post-curriculum short-term knowledge assessment exam. The secondary outcome was assessing the number of unique healthcare professionals within a single payor database prescribing DAA treatment for HCV in Vermont before and after the study intervention, from January 1, 2017 until December 1, 2021. RESULTS There were 31 unique respondents on the pre- and post-intervention examinations, which represented 9% of known participants. Respondents included physicians (n = 15), nurse practitioners (n = 8), and nurses (n = 8). Pre- and post-intervention knowledge scores increased significantly across all provider groups, from 3.2 (SD 0.6) to 4.5 (SD 0.4) 1 to 5 scale ( P = .01). The total number of unique HCV DAA therapy prescribers decreased over the study period, from 17 in 2017 to 9 in 2021. CONCLUSIONS A Vermont statewide HCV curriculum for PCPs was successful at increasing short-term HCV-related knowledge. However, this did not obviously translate to an increase in new professionals treating HCV.
Knowledge Attitudes and Practice about Stroke amongst Neurologists in India
Authors: Gupta Dulari , Dinesh Sreehari , Narayan Sunil , Gorthi Sankar Prasad 
Published: June 2023

Background There is paucity of data regarding knowledge about diagnosis, aetiology, investigations, and management of stroke amongst neurologists in India. Methodology A cross-sectional observational analytical study in which the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice about stroke were assessed amongst neurologists across India using a Google Form with 30 multiple-choice questions and 10 case scenarios about acute ischemic stroke, acute hemorrhagic stroke, and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. This Google Form was circulated amongst all Indian Academy of Neurology groups online from October 2022 to December 2022. Responses were analyzed question wise. Results A total of 148 neurologists responded with 90.5% practicing in urban India. In acute ischemic stroke only 56% chose noncontrast CT brain as the mainstay of imaging in stroke diagnosis. Similarly only 50% said that vascular imaging (CT angiography or MRI angiography) was important in stroke imaging. Questionnaires pertaining to the indications and contraindications for intravenous thrombolysis were well responded. Most answers on intracerebral hemorrhage were correct. Many neurologists are using DOAC in treatment of CVT even though latest studies have hinted towards their safety, but randomized control trials are still underway. Conclusion Results show good knowledge and practice in the field of acute hemorrhagic stroke and moderate results in CVT while there are glaring knowledge gaps in acute ischemic stroke. This reflects the rapidly changing field of acute ischemic stroke. The aim of training programs and conferences should be to update neurologists on this rapidly evolving field.
Statistical Analysis Plan (SAP) for AyuRvedic TrEatment in the Rehabilitation of Ischemic STrOke Patients in India: A Randomized Controlled Trial (RESTORE)
Authors: Sarma PS , Khatter Himani , Dhasan Aneesh , Nambiar Vivek , Narayan Sunil , Arora Deepti , Verma Shweta Jain , Sharma Meenakshi , Kate Mahesh Pundlik , Pandian Jeyaraj Durai , Sylaja P.N. 
Published: June 2023

Background Stroke often results in a loss of functional ability. The evaluation of recovery after a stroke is crucial for both treatment and research. The AyuRvedic TrEatment in the Rehabilitation of Ischemic STrOke Patients in India: A randomized controlled trial (RESTORE) aims to generate evidence-based data for creating a uniform rehabilitation protocol and initiating a cross-referral practice to support an integrative treatment approach. The objective is to develop a detailed statistical analysis plan for the RESTORE trial prior to data analysis. Methods The statistical analysis plan was developed by the trial statistician with the assistance of the RESTORE trial principal investigator and the trial management team. The statistical analysis plan was built using the specified primary and secondary outcome measures, as well as knowledge of important baseline data. All data collected will be thoroughly examined. Results The final statistical analysis plan corresponds to established criteria and will allow for transparent and efficient reporting. Conclusions The RESTORE trial statistical analysis plan is created to reduce analysis bias caused by prior knowledge of results and to explicitly outline prespecified analysis.
Comprehensive Physical Examination of the Hip
Authors: Tramer Joseph S. , Pierre Kinsley , Owen Anne , Safran Marc R. 
Published: June 2023

Background: Hip pain is a common chief complaint among sports medicine patients, and there is a wide variety of pathology that may cause pain around the hip joint. Indications: Any patient presenting to a clinic with a complaint of hip and groin pain should undergo a comprehensive physical examination to aid in diagnosis and treatment planning. Technique Description: All patients presenting with hip pain, regardless of the complaint, undergo a screening examination to further identify potential etiology of their pain. Based on the screening examination, as well as a comprehensive history and imaging findings, more specific examination maneuvers may be conducted to further establish an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan. Conclusion: Hip pain presents a diagnostic challenge for sports medicine providers, as there is a wide range of pathology that may manifest as pain around the hip joint. It is vital for all sports providers, regardless of the area of interest, to have the ability to perform a comprehensive physical examination of the hip to obtain an accurate diagnosis and to initiate appropriate treatment plans. Patient Consent Disclosure Statement: The author(s) attests that consent has been obtained from any patient(s) appearing in this publication. If the individual may be identifiable, the author(s) has included a statement of release or other written form of approval from the patient(s) with this submission for publication.
Nivolumab combined with brentuximab vedotin for R/R primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma: a 3-year follow-up
Authors: Zinzani Pier Luigi , Santoro Armando , Gritti Giuseppe , Brice Pauline , Barr Paul M. , Kuruvilla John , Cunningham David , Kline Justin , Johnson Nathalie A. , Mehta-Shah Neha , Lisano Julie , Wen Rachael , Akyol Alev , Moskowitz Alison J. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Patients with relapsed/refractory primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (R/R PMBL) have poor responses to salvage therapy. Nivolumab and brentuximab vedotin (BV) showed promising early efficacy in patients with R/R PMBL in the phase 1/2 open-label, multicenter CheckMate 436 study; we report safety and efficacy findings from the 3-year follow-up. Patients who were eligible were aged ≥15 years with R/R PMBL previously treated with either high-dose chemotherapy plus autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) or ≥2 prior multiagent chemotherapies, and had Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status scores of 0 to 1 and CD30 expression of ≥1%. Patients were treated with nivolumab 240 mg and BV 1.8 mg/kg once every 3 weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Primary end point was objective response rate (ORR); secondary end points included complete response rate, duration of response, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Safety was monitored throughout. At final database lock (30 March 2022), 29 patients had received nivolumab plus BV; median follow-up was 39.6 months. Investigator-assessed ORR was 73.3%; median time to response was 1.3 months (range, 1.1-4.8). Median PFS was 26.0 months; median OS was not reached. PFS and OS rates at 24 months were 55.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 32.0-73.8) and 75.5% (95% CI, 55.4-87.5), respectively. The most frequently occurring grade 3/4 treatment-related adverse event was neutropenia. Consolidative HCT was received by 12 patients, with a 100-day complete response rate of 100.0%. This 3-year follow-up showed long-term efficacy for nivolumab plus BV in R/R PMBL, with no new safety signals. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02581631.
High genome heterozygosity revealed vegetative propagation over the sea in Moso bamboo
Authors: Nishiyama Norihide , Shinozawa Akihisa , Matsumoto Takashi , Izawa Takeshi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) is a typical East Asian bamboo that does not flower for > 60 years and propagates without seed reproduction. Thus, Moso bamboo can be propagated vegetatively, possibly resulting in highly heterozygous genetic inheritance. Recently, a draft genome of Moso bamboo was reported, followed by whole genome single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) analysis, which showed that the genome of Moso bamboo in China has regional characteristics. Moso bamboo in Japan is thought to have been introduced from China over the sea in 1736. However, it is unclear where and how Moso bamboo was introduced in Japan from China. Here, based on detailed analysis of heterozygosity in genome diversity, we estimate the spread of genome diversity and its pedigree of Moso bamboo.

Results
We sequenced the whole genome of Moso bamboo in Japan and compared them with data reported previously from 15 regions of China. Only 4.1 million loci (0.37% of the analyzed genomic region) were identified as polymorphic loci. We next narrowed down the number of polymorphic loci using several filters and extracted more reliable SNPs. Among the 414,952 high-quality SNPs, 319,431 (77%) loci were identified as heterozygous common to all tested samples. The result suggested that all tested samples were clones via vegetative reproduction. Somatic mutations may accumulate in a heterozygous manner within a single clone. We examined common heterozygous loci between samples from Japan and elsewhere, from which we inferred that an individual closely related to the sample from Fujian, China, was introduced to Japan across the sea without seed reproduction. In addition, we collected 16 samples from four nearby bamboo forests in Japan and performed SNP and insertion/deletion analyses using a genotyping by sequencing (GBS) method. The results suggested that a small number of somatic mutations would spread within and between bamboo groves.

Conclusions
High heterozygosity in the genome-wide diversity of Moso bamboo implies the vegetative propagation of Moso bamboo from China to Japan, the pedigree of Moso bamboo in Japan, and becomes a useful marker to approach the spread of genome diversity in clonal plants.