bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atomic‐Level Regulation of Cobalt Single‐Atom Nanozymes: Engineering High‐Efficiency Catalase Mimics
Authors: Chen Yuanjun , Jiang Bing , Hao Haigang , Li Haijing , Qiu Chenyue , Liang Xiao , Qu Qingyun , Zhang Zedong , Gao Rui , Duan Demin , Ji Shufang , Wang Dingsheng , Liang Minmin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNanozymes aim to mimic the highly evolved active centers of natural enzymes. Despite progress in nanozyme engineering, their catalytic performance is much less favorable compared with natural enzymes. This study shows that precise control over the atomic configuration of the active centers of Co single‐atom nanozymes (SAzymes) enables the rational regulation of their catalase‐like performance guided by theorical calculations. The constructed Co‐N3PS SAzyme exhibits an excellent catalase‐like activity and kinetics, exceeding the representative controls of Co‐based SAzymes with different atomic configurations. Moreover, we developed an ordered structure‐oriented coordination design strategy for rationally engineering SAzymes and established a correlation between the structure and enzyme‐like performance. This work demonstrates that precise control over the active centers of SAzymes is an efficient strategy to mimic the highly evolved active sites of natural enzymes.
Covalent Template‐Directed Synthesis of a Spoked 18‐Porphyrin Nanoring**
Authors: Majewski Marcin A. , Stawski Wojciech , Van Raden Jeff M. , Clarke Michael , Hart Jack , O'Shea James N. , Saywell Alex , Anderson Harry L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRings of porphyrins mimic natural light‐harvesting chlorophyll arrays and offer insights into electronic delocalization, providing a motivation for creating larger nanorings with closely spaced porphyrin units. Here, we demonstrate the first synthesis of a macrocycle consisting entirely of 5,15‐linked porphyrins. This porphyrin octadecamer was constructed using a covalent six‐armed template, made by cobalt‐catalyzed cyclotrimerization of an H‐shaped tolan with porphyrin trimer ends. The porphyrins around the circumference of the nanoring were linked together by intramolecular oxidative meso‐meso coupling and partial β‐β fusion, to give a nanoring consisting of six edge‐fused zinc(II) porphyrin dimer units and six un‐fused nickel(II) porphyrins. STM imaging on a gold surface confirms the size and shape of the spoked 18‐porphyrin nanoring (calculated diameter: 4.7 nm).
Progress in phase III clinical trials of molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy for glioblastoma
Authors: Wang Yuekun , Li Shenglan , Peng Yichen , Ma Wenbin , Wang Yu , Li Wenbin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary central nervous system tumor, whose prognosis remains poor under the sequential standard of care, such as neurosurgery followed by concurrent temozolomide radiochemotherapy and adjuvant temozolomide chemotherapy in the presence or absence of tumor treating fields. Accordingly, the advent of molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy has opened a new era of tumor management. A diverse range of targeted drugs have been tested in patients with GBM in phase III clinical trials. However, these drugs are ineffective for all patients, as evidenced by the fact that only a minority of patients in these trials showed prolonged survival. Furthermore, there are several published phase III clinical trials that involve immune checkpoint inhibitors, peptide vaccines, dendritic cell vaccines, and virotherapy. Accordingly, this review comprehensively overviews existing studies of targeted drugs and immunotherapy for glioma and discusses the challenge and perspective of targeted drugs and immunotherapy for glioma to clarify future directions.
No man is an island: Men living alone during COVID‐19 report lower need satisfaction and well‐being
Authors: Jauch Melissa , Lalot Fanny , Greifeneder Rainer 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBased on data from a large‐scale social survey in the United Kingdom, the present work examines the influence of household situation and gender on individuals' psychological needs and subjective well‐being during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Asked to compare their current state to that before the pandemic, men but not women living alone report a subjective decline in their basic psychological needs for meaningfulness and self‐esteem, as well as lower subjective well‐being. A mediated moderation analysis indicates that the lower subjective well‐being for men living alone is mainly mediated by the decline in the satisfaction of their need for self‐esteem. The present findings suggest that social isolation during the pandemic may have affected men and women's psychological needs differently and highlight the special role of need for self‐esteem, offering insights for potential well‐being interventions in times of crisis.
Is Electrocoagulation a Promising Technology for Algal Organic Matter Removal? Current Knowledge and Open Questions
Authors: Krusinova Zuzana , Prokopova Michaela , Krystynik Pavel , Kluson Petr , Pivokonsky Martin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractElectrocoagulation (EC) is a practical alternative to chemical coagulation for the treatment of drinking water that contains various pollutants, including humic substances. Nevertheless, the performance of EC for removal of algal organic matter (AOM) is still largely unexplored. In this review, the properties of AOM, the principles of chemical coagulation and EC, and the current state of knowledge on the coagulation of AOM have been outlined. The limited available literature on the EC of AOM is critically reviewed and let conclude that this is a promising technology for AOM removal. However, the studies on EC are inconsistent in their approaches, and they lack thorough optimization of operating conditions (resultant pH, coagulant dosing) and reports of residual metal concentrations. Some of the identified needs for future research include the complete optimization of EC for AOM removal, its direct comparison with chemical coagulation, and EC testing for the elimination of mixtures of AOM, humic substances, and inorganic particles.
Surgical outcomes of calvaria reconstruction in cranial pansynostosis associated withArnold‐Chiaritype 1.5 malformation, a case report
Authors: Tabesh Homayoun , Riazi Ali , Mahmoodkhani Mehdi , Sharafi Mohammad , Sourani Arman , Mahdkhah Ata , Foroughi Mina 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA 6‐year‐old girl with persistent headaches and the visual problem was diagnosed as a delayed onset cranial pansynostosis with concurrent type 1.5 Arnold‐Chiari malformation. She underwent multi‐sutural reconstructive surgery and followed. The headache was greatly decreased and tonsillar‐brain stem herniation and syrinx were resolved.
P‐Modified Single‐Atom Cu Catalyst Boosting Electrocatalytic Performance of NO3− Reduction to NH3
Authors: Wang Honghai , Yao Yanan , Zhan Jiayu , Jia Yangting , Yao Tong , Zhang Lu‐Hua , Yu Fengshou 
Published: March 2023

AbstractElectrochemical conversion of NO3− to NH3 production is of great environmental significance for water pollution treatment and can artificially close the nitrogen cycle. However, direct nine protons and eight electrons transfer lead to low Faraday efficiency (FE) and yield. Herein, the single copper site immobilized on N,P co‐doped carbon substrates (Cu−N4/P) was prepared for efficient NO3−‐to‐NH3 conversion. Benefiting from the electronic redistribution of the Cu site induced by the introduction of the less electronegative element P, the Cu−N4/P catalyst exhibited a high Faraday efficiency of FE (95.89 %) for NH3 product formation at a potential of −0.6 V vs. RHE and 100 % conversion of NO3−−N was achieved after 5 hours of electrolysis. Density functional theory (DFT) explains the effective operation mechanism that P doping can promote the spontaneous hydrogenation of *NO to form *NOH, thus promoting the formation of NH3 from NO3− reduction reaction. The heteroatom doping strategy mentioned proposes a new approach for promoting NO3−‐to‐NH3 conversion at atomic level catalytic sites.
Hierarchical Assemblies of Bottlebrush/Homopolymer Blends: Tailoring Phase Interfacial Curvature for Tunable Photonics†
Authors: Yi Han , Li Yuesheng , Song Dong‐Po 
Published: March 2023

Comprehensive SummaryOrganized spontaneous emulsification (OSE) produces ordered water‐in‐oil‐in‐water (W/O/W) multiple emulsion droplets stabilized by bottlebrush block copolymer (BBCP) surfactants, such as (polynorbornene‐g‐polystyrene)‐b‐(polynorbornene‐g‐polyethylene oxide) (PS‐b‐PEO), templating ordered porous particles with visible structural colors. Here, homopolymer polystyrenes (hPS) were used to swell the PS domain and thus to effectively increase the W/O interfacial curvature of the internal droplets. By variation of hPS concentration, pore diameter is largely tunable from 34 to over 210 nm, leading to tunable photonic bandgaps in the whole visible spectrum. The ratio (α) of molecular weight of hPS relative to that of the PS side chains of the BBCP can greatly influence their spatial distribution within the PS domain. For α ≤ 1, uniform solubilization of the hPS chains into the side chains of BBCP is achieved leading to a homogeneous porous structure. For α > 1, local solubilization of the hPS chains at interface of the internal droplets is disclosed at relatively low concentrations of hPS (≤ 42 wt%), resulting in a small change in pore diameter. For contrast, a rapid increase of the W/O interfacial curvature was observed upon further increase of the hPS content (> 42 wt%) through an evident influence on the OSE procedure.
ATP diffusional gradients are sufficient to maintain bioenergetic homeostasis in synaptic boutons lacking mitochondria
Authors: Kuznetsov Ivan A. , Kuznetsov Andrey V. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPrevious work on mitochondrial distribution in axons has shown that approximately half of the presynaptic release sites do not contain mitochondria, raising the question of how the boutons that do not contain mitochondria are supplied with ATP. Here, we develop and apply a mathematical model to study this question. Specifically, we investigate whether diffusive transport of ATP is sufficient to support the exocytic functionality in synaptic boutons which lack mitochondria. Our results demonstrate that the difference in ATP concentration between a bouton containing a mitochondrion and a neighboring bouton lacking a mitochondrion is only approximately 0.4%, which is still 3.75 times larger than the ATP concentration minimally required to support synaptic vesicle release. This work therefore suggests that passive diffusion of ATP is sufficient to maintain the functionality of boutons which do not contain mitochondria.
PhI(OAc)2/I2‐Mediated Decarboxylative C4‐Amination of Coumarin‐3‐Carboxylic Acids via Csp2−H Dehydrogenative C−N Cross‐Coupling under Ambient Conditions
Authors: Bhowmick Anindita , Brahmachari Goutam 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAn efficient and straightforward protocol for accessing a new series of functionalized 4‐aminocoumarins from PIDA/I2‐mediated decarboxylative C4‐amination of coumarin‐3‐carboxylic acids via direct Csp2−H dehydrogenative C−N cross‐coupling with secondary amines under ambient conditions has been accomplished. The notable advantages of this protocol are the tolerance of diverse functional groups, mild reaction conditions at ambient temperature, moderate to good yields, short reaction times (in minutes), high regioselectivity, gram‐scale applicability, and eco‐friendliness. This is the first report of decarboxylative Csp2−H cross‐dehydrogenative C−N coupling of coumarin‐3‐carboxylic acids for synthesizing 4‐aminocoumarins.
What is important to the decision to disclose nonsuicidal self‐injury in formal and social contexts?
Authors: Mirichlis Sylvanna , Boyes Mark , Hasking Penelope , Lewis Stephen P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveDisclosure of nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI) is associated with a range of both positive (e.g., help‐seeking) and negative (e.g., discrimination) outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess the importance of a range of factors concerned with: NSSI experiences, self‐efficacy to disclose self‐injury, interpersonal factors, and reasons for or expectations of disclosure, to the decision to disclose self‐injury to friends, family members, significant others, and health professionals.MethodsThree hundred seventy‐one participants with lived experience of NSSI completed a survey in which they rated the importance of the aforementioned factors to the decision of whether to disclose NSSI to different people. A mixed‐model analysis of variance was conducted to investigate whether the factors differed in importance and if this importance differed across relationship types.ResultsAll factors held importance, though to differing degrees, with those related to relationship quality being most important overall. Generally, factors relating to tangible aid were considered more important when considering disclosure to health professionals than to other people. Conversely, interpersonal factors, particularly trust, were more important when disclosing to individuals in social or personal relationships.ConclusionThe findings provide preliminary insight into how different considerations may be prioritized when navigating NSSI disclosure, in a way that may be tailored to different contexts. For clinicians, the findings highlight that clients may expect tangible forms of support and nonjudgment in the event that they disclose their self‐injury in this formal setting.
Style, content, and the success of ideas
Authors: Boghrati Reihane , Berger Jonah , Packard Grant 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFrom marketers and consumers to leaders and health officials, everyone wants to increase their communications' impact. But why are some communications more impactful? While some argue that content drives success, we suggest that style, or the way ideas are presented, plays an important role. To test style's importance, we examine it in a context where content should be paramount: academic research. While scientists often see writing as a disinterested way to communicate unobstructed truth, a multi‐method investigation indicates that writing style shapes impact. To separate content from style, we focus on a unique class of words linked to style (i.e., function words such as “and,” “the,” and “on”) that are devoid of content. Natural language processing of almost 30,000 articles from a range of disciplines finds that function words explain 4–11% of overall variance explained and 11–27% of language content's impact on citations. Additional analyses examine particular style features that may shape success, and why, highlighting the role of writing simplicity, personal voice, and temporal perspective. Experiments further indicate the causal impact of style. The results suggest ways to boost communication's impact and highlight the value of natural language processing for understanding the success of ideas.
Pollen morphological investigation of selected species of family Asteraceae from Pakistan by using light and scanning electron microscopy
Authors: Hayat Khizar , Khan Wisal Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Nauman , Shah Syed Nasar 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA light and scanning electron microscopy technique was conducted to investigate the palynological features of 19 species belonging to 15 genera of the family Asteraceae. The species under investigation yielded pollen in a range of shapes, including spheroidal, prolate, and subprolate. Trizoncolporate, Tricolporate, and Tetracolporate are the three types of pollen apertures observed in examined species. Except for Gazania rigens, which has reticulate ornamentation under SEM, the exine pattern in all studied species is echinate. The majority of the species had isopolar polarity, whereas some members were apolar and heteropolar. The quantitative parameters that are polar to equatorial diameter, P/E ratio, length of colpi, width of colpi, length of the spine, width of spine, and exine thickness was measured by using light microscopy. The Coreopsis tinctoria had the lowest mean polar 19.75 μm to mean equatorial diameter 18.25 μm while the Silybum marianum had the highest polar 44.7 μm to equatorial 48.2 μm value. The value for colpi length/width was highest in Cirsium arvensis and lowest in C. tinctoria, measuring 9.7/13.2 μm and 2.7/4.7 μm, respectively. The spine length varied from 0.5 μm in Sonchus arvensis to 5.5 μm in Calendula officinalis. Verbesina encelioides had the highest exine thickness measurement (3.3 μm), whereas S. arvensis had the lowest (0.3 μm). The pollen surface of Tagetes erectus, has the highest number (65) whereas the lowest spines number (20) is found in S. arvensis. A taxonomic key based on pollen traits is provided for quick identification of the species. Significant implications for the systematics of the Asteraceae family can be drawn from the reported pollen's quantitative and qualitative data.Research Highlights
SEM and LM technique was used to study the palynological features of pollen grains.
Quantitative and qualitative pollen features of 19 species of family Asteraceae are described.
Morphological traits of pollen grains are important for the systematics of family Asteraceae.
Building a thriving academic hospitalist workforce: A rapid qualitative analysis identifying key areas of focus in the field
Authors: Kulkarni Shradha A. , Keniston Angela , Linker Anne S. , Astik Gopi J. , Kangelaris Kirsten N. , Leykum Luci K. , Sakumoto Matthew , Auerbach Andrew , Burden Marisha 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe hospitalist workforce has been at the forefront of the pandemic and has been stretched in both clinical and nonclinical domains. We aimed to understand current and future workforce concerns, as well as strategies to cultivate a thriving hospital medicine workforce.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsWe conducted qualitative, semistructured focus groups with practicing hospitalists via video conferencing (Zoom). Utilizing components from the Brainwriting Premortem Approach, attendees were split into small focus groups and listed their thoughts about workforce issues that hospitalists may encounter in the next 3 years, identifying the highest priority workforce issues for the hospital medicine community. Each small group discussed the most pressing workforce issues. These ideas were then shared across the entire group and ranked. We used rapid qualitative analysis to guide a structured exploration of themes and subthemes.ResultsFive focus groups were held with 18 participants from 13 academic institutions. We identified five key areas: (1) support for workforce wellness; (2) staffing and pipeline development to maintain an adequate workforce to match clinical growth; (3) scope of work, including how hospitalist work is defined and whether the clinical skillset should be expanded; (4) commitment to the academic mission in the setting of rapid and unpredictable clinical growth; and (5) alignment between the duties of hospitalists and resources of hospitals. Hospitalists voiced numerous concerns about the future of our workforce. Several domains were identified as high‐priority areas of focus to address current and future challenges.
Distinct response of total and active fungal communities and functions to seasonal changes in a semi‐enclosed bay with mariculture (Dongshan Bay, Southern China)
Authors: Xu Wei , Yang Change , Luo Yu , Zhang Kai , Chen Mingliang , Jiang Shuangcheng , Grossart Hans‐Peter , Luo Zhuhua 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIncreasing evidence suggests that fungal communities are key components of biogeochemical cycles in coastal ecosystems. However, at a regional scale, the major drivers of the seasonal and spatial distribution of fungi in areas impacted by mariculture remain largely unknown. Intensive aquaculture takes place in Dongshan Bay of Fujian, China, a typical subtropical marine ecosystem with multiple environmental gradients extensively perturbed by anthropogenic activities. To better understand the consequences of mariculture on fungal community composition and activities, we simultaneously evaluated the temporal (four different seasons) and spatial dynamics in total (DNA) and active (RNA) fungal communities of Dongshan Bay in relation to several major physicochemical properties. Our results revealed that fungal communities in the Bay were highly diverse, but showed the ubiquitous dominance of Dikarya and the occasional predominance of Glomeromycota, Mucoromycota, Mortierellomycota, Chytridiomycota, Olpidiomycota, and Rozellomycota. Fungal diversity varied much more with season than with the degree of aquaculture activity, for both total and active communities. This notion is supported by co‐occurrence networks exhibiting a clear seasonal pattern. Furthermore, fungal community structure in coastal waters showed distinct relationships with environmental factors varying both with season and in space. For both total and active fungal communities, a combination of environmental variables including temperature, dissolved oxygen, and nitrite exhibited the greatest impact on community structure. Our study demonstrates a distinct spatiotemporal dynamics of both total and active fungi and provides a foundation to better understand the ecological roles of marine fungi in coastal ecosystems in relation to mariculture activities.
Single‐Cell Transcriptomics Reveals the Difference of Aortic Atherosclerosis Response to Phytosterols and Oxidation Products of Sterols
Authors: Wang Zhangtie , Wang Mengmeng , Lu Yunrui , Ji Yongli , Simal‐Gandara Jesus , Xiao Fan , Liu Yan , Zhang Liangxiao , Battino Maurizio , Li Peiwu , Xiao Jianbo , Xie Yao , Lu Baiyi 
Published: March 2023

ScopePhytosterols (PS) and sterol oxidation products are key dietary factors influencing atherosclerosis besides cholesterol, although the mechanisms remain elusive. Recently, single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) has revealed the heterogeneity of multiple cell types associated with complex pathogenesis in atherosclerosis development.Methods and resultsHere, scRNA‐seq is performed to investigate the alterations in the aortic cells from ApoE−/− mice induced by diet‐derived PS or two sterol oxidation products, phytosterols oxidation products (POPs), and cholesterol oxidation products (COPs). The study identifies four fibroblast subpopulations with different functions, and immunofluorescence demonstrates their spatial heterogeneity, providing evidence that suggests the transformation of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and fibroblasts in atherosclerosis. The composition and gene expression profiles of aortic cells change broadly in response to PS/COPs/POPs exposure. Notably, PS exhibits an atheroprotective effect where different gene expressions are mainly found in B cells. Exposure to COPs accelerates atherosclerosis and results in marked alternations in myofibroblast subpopulations and T cells, while POPs only alter fibroblast subpopulations and B cells.ConclusionThe data elucidate the effects of dietary PS/COPs/POPs on aortic cells during atherosclerosis development, especially on the newly identified fibroblast subpopulations.
Novel millimeter‐wave vertical transition between rectangular waveguide and balanced transmission line using embedded magnetic closed loops
Authors: Zhou Yedi , Song Kaijun , Wilson Aidoo M. , Fan Yong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA novel transition between rectangular waveguide (RWG) and balanced transmission line with magnetic closed loops has been developed. A conventional RWG directly mounts on a printed circuit board that actualizes energy transition. Using a pair of centrosymmetric magnetic closed loop, the TE10 mode converts to TEM mode, and balanced ports are obtained. Based on the structural characteristics investigation, the transition is fabricated and measured. The center frequency of the operation is 32.5 GHz, and the bandwidth is wider than 27% for insertion loss no more than 0.6 dB and return loss more than 15 dB. Between the two balanced ports, the magnitude imbalance is less than 0.4 dB, and the phase difference is less than 3°. Integration within the balanced ports makes the transition a promising candidate for miniaturized system in antenna.