bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thai and American mothers socialize preschoolers’ emotional development differently
Authors: Rochanavibhata Sirada , Marian Viorica 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCultures vary in beliefs about appropriate display of emotion. Children rely on adults to help them understand emotional experiences and display emotions in a culturally appropriate manner. The present study compared how emotion display differs between Thai and American mother–child interactions during preschool. Language samples from 21 Thai and 21 American mother–child dyads were elicited using prompted reminiscing, book reading, toy play, and child personal narrative tasks. Results revealed group differences in emotion talk and behavior. American dyads expressed more intense emotions during interactions compared to Thai dyads. American dyads also displayed more emotion behaviors than Thai dyads, whereas Thai dyads used more emotion words compared to American dyads. Additionally, there were gender differences in the expression of emotion, with boy dyads more emotionally intense than girl dyads in both groups. Boys displayed more negative emotion behaviors compared to girls during prompted reminiscing, whereas girls used more negative emotion words than boys during the personal narrative task. These findings demonstrate cultural and gender differences in socialization goals and practices regarding emotion display and underscore the influence of mothers’ scaffolding on children’s emotional development. This research reveals the variability in beliefs and values that underlie emotional development across sociocultural contexts.
An investigation on the cyclic temperature-dependent performance behaviors of ultrabright air-stable QLEDs
Authors: Mokarian Zanjani Saeedeh , Sadeghi Sadra , Shahalizad Afshin , Pahlevani Majid 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe aerobic and thermal stability of quantum-dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) is an important factor for the practical applications of these devices under harsh environmental conditions. We demonstrate all-solution-processed amber QLEDs with an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of > 14% with almost negligible efficiency roll-off (droop) and a peak brightness of > 600,000 cd/m2, unprecedented for QLEDs fabricated under ambient air conditions. We investigate the device efficiency and brightness level at a temperature range between − 10 and 85 °C in a 5-step cooling/heating cycle. We conducted the experiments at brightness levels higher than 10,000 cd/m2, required for outdoor lighting applications. Our device performance proves thermal stability, with minimal standard deviation in the performance parameters. Interestingly, the device efficiency parameters recover to the initial values upon returning to room temperature. The variations in the performance are correlated with the modification of charge transport characteristics and induced radiative/non-radiative exciton relaxation dynamics at different temperatures. Being complementary to previous studies on the subject, the present work is expected to shed light on the potential feasibility of realizing aerobic-stable ultrabright droop-free QLEDs and encourage further research for solid-state lighting applications.
Transcranial alternating current stimulation over multiple brain areas with non-zero phase delays other than 180 degrees modulates visuospatial working memory performance
Authors: Park Jimin , Lee Sangjun , Park Seonghun , Lee Chany , Kim Sungshin , Im Chang-Hwan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWhile zero-phase lag synchronization between multiple brain regions has been widely observed, relatively recent reports indicate that systematic phase delays between cortical regions reflect the direction of communications between cortical regions. For example, it has been suggested that a non-zero phase delay of electroencephalography (EEG) signals at the gamma frequency band between the bilateral parietal areas may reflect the direction of communication between these areas. We hypothesized that the direction of communication between distant brain areas might be modulated by multi-site transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) with specific phase delays other than 0° and 180°. In this study, a new noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) method called multi-site multi-phase tACS (msmp-tACS) was proposed. The efficacy of the proposed method was tested in a case study using a visuospatial working memory (VWM) paradigm in which the optimal stimulation conditions including amplitudes and phases of multiple scalp electrodes were determined using finite element analysis adopting phasor representation. msmp-tACS was applied over the bilateral intraparietal sulci (IPS) and showed that 80 Hz tACS with the phase for the right IPS leading that for the left IPS by 90° (= 3.125 ms) partialized VWM performance toward the right visual hemifield. The three stimulation conditions were synchronized, RL, and LR, which refers to stimulation condition with no phase lag, stimulation phase of right IPS (rIPS) leading left IPS (lIPS) by 90° and the stimulation of lIPS leading rIPS by 90°, respectively. The lateralization of VWM significantly shifted towards right visual hemifield under the RL condition compared to the synchronized and LR conditions. The shift in VWM was the result of the stimulation affecting both left and right visual hemifield trials to certain degrees, rather than significantly increasing or decreasing VWM capacity of a specific visual hemifield. Altered brain dynamics caused by msmp-tACS partialized VWM performance, likely due to modulation of effective connectivity between the rIPS and lIPS. Our results suggest that msmp-tACS is a promising NBS method that can effectively modulate cortical networks that cannot be readily modulated with conventional multi-site stimulation methods.
Microbial community composition of food waste before anaerobic digestion
Authors: Tang Linjie , O’Dwyer Jack , Kimyon Önder , Manefield Michael J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAnaerobic digestion is widely used to process and recover value from food waste. Commercial food waste anaerobic digestion facilities seek improvements in process efficiency to enable higher throughput. There is limited information on the composition of microbial communities in food waste prior to digestion, limiting rational exploitation of the catalytic potential of microorganisms in pretreatment processes. To address this knowledge gap, bacterial and fungal communities in food waste samples from a commercial anaerobic digestion facility were characterised over 3 months. The abundance of 16S rRNA bacterial genes was approximately five orders of magnitude higher than the abundance of the fungal intergenic spacer (ITS) sequence, suggesting the numerical dominance of bacteria over fungi in food waste before anaerobic digestion. Evidence for the mass proliferation of bacteria in food waste during storage prior to anaerobic digestion is presented. The composition of the bacterial community shows variation over time, but lineages within the Lactobacillaceae family are consistently dominant. Nitrogen content and pH are correlated to community variation. These findings form a foundation for understanding the microbial ecology of food waste and provide opportunities to further improve the throughput of anaerobic digestion.
Hyperfructosemia in sleep disordered breathing: metabolome analysis of Nagahama study
Authors: Nakatsuka Yoshinari , Murase Kimihiko , Sonomura Kazuhiro , Tabara Yasuharu , Nagasaki Tadao , Hamada Satoshi , Matsumoto Takeshi , Minami Takuma , Kanai Osamu , Takeyama Hirofumi , Sunadome Hironobu , Takahashi Naomi , Nakamoto Isuzu , Tanizawa Kiminobu , Handa Tomohiro , Sato Taka-Aki , Komenami Naoko , Wakamura Tomoko , Morita Satoshi , Takeuchi Osamu , Nakayama Takeo , Hirai Toyohiro , Kamatani Yoichiro , Matsuda Fumihiko , Chin Kazuo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSleep disordered breathing (SDB), mainly obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), constitutes a major health problem due to the large number of patients. Intermittent hypoxia caused by SDB induces alterations in metabolic function. Nevertheless, metabolites characteristic for SDB are largely unknown. In this study, we performed gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based targeted metabolome analysis using data from The Nagahama Study (n = 6373). SDB-related metabolites were defined based on their variable importance score in orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis and fold changes in normalized peak-intensity levels between moderate-severe SDB patients and participants without SDB. We identified 20 metabolites as SDB-related, and interestingly, these metabolites were frequently included in pathways related to fructose. Multivariate analysis revealed that moderate-severe SDB was a significant factor for increased plasma fructose levels (β = 0.210, P = 0.006, generalized linear model) even after the adjustment of confounding factors. We further investigated changes in plasma fructose levels after continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment using samples from patients with OSA (n = 60) diagnosed by polysomnography at Kyoto University Hospital, and found that patients with marked hypoxemia exhibited prominent hyperfructosemia and their plasma fructose levels lowered after CPAP treatment. These data suggest that hyperfructosemia is the abnormality characteristic to SDB, which can be reduced by CPAP treatment.
Comparative proteomics in captive giant pandas to identify proteins involved in age-related cataract formation
Authors: You Yuyan , Bai Chao , Wang Wei , Zhan Tongtong , Hu Xin , Hao Feier , Xia Maohua , Liu Yan , Ma Tao , Liu Yanhui , Zheng Changming , Pu Tianchun , Zhang Yizhuo , Lu Yanping , Ding Nan , Li Jing , Yin Yanqiang , Chen Yucun , Wang Liqin , Zhou Jun , Niu Lili , Xiu Yunfang , Lu Yan , Jia Ting , Liu Xuefeng , Zhang Chenglin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractApproximately 20% of aged captive giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) have cataracts that impair their quality of life. To identify potential biomarkers of cataract formation, we carried out a quantitative proteomics analysis of 10 giant pandas to find proteins differing in abundance between healthy and cataract-bearing animals. We identified almost 150 proteins exceeding our threshold for differential abundance, most of which were associated with GO categories related to extracellular localization. The most significant differential abundance was associated with components of the proteasome and other proteins with a role in proteolysis or its regulation, most of which were depleted in pandas with cataracts. Other modulated proteins included components of the extracellular matrix or cytoskeleton, as well as associated signaling proteins and regulators, but we did not find any differentially expressed transcription factors. These results indicate that the formation of cataracts involves a complex post-transcriptional network of signaling inside and outside lens cells to drive stress responses as a means to address the accumulation of protein aggregates triggered by oxidative damage. The modulated proteins also indicate that it should be possible to predict the onset of cataracts in captive pandas by taking blood samples and testing them for the presence or absence of specific protein markers.
Diabetes mellitus early warning and factor analysis using ensemble Bayesian networks with SMOTE-ENN and Boruta
Authors: Wang Xuchun , Ren Jiahui , Ren Hao , Song Wenzhu , Qiao Yuchao , Zhao Ying , Linghu Liqin , Cui Yu , Zhao Zhiyang , Chen Limin , Qiu Lixia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDiabetes mellitus (DM) has become the third chronic non-infectious disease affecting patients after tumor, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, becoming one of the major public health issues worldwide. Detection of early warning risk factors for DM is key to the prevention of DM, which has been the focus of some previous studies. Therefore, from the perspective of residents' self-management and prevention, this study constructed Bayesian networks (BNs) combining feature screening and multiple resampling techniques for DM monitoring data with a class imbalance in Shanxi Province, China, to detect risk factors in chronic disease monitoring programs and predict the risk of DM. First, univariate analysis and Boruta feature selection algorithm were employed to conduct the preliminary screening of all included risk factors. Then, three resampling techniques, SMOTE, Borderline-SMOTE (BL-SMOTE) and SMOTE-ENN, were adopted to deal with data imbalance. Finally, BNs developed by three algorithms (Tabu, Hill-climbing and MMHC) were constructed using the processed data to find the warning factors that strongly correlate with DM. The results showed that the accuracy of DM classification is significantly improved by the BNs constructed by processed data. In particular, the BNs combined with the SMOTE-ENN resampling improved the most, and the BNs constructed by the Tabu algorithm obtained the best classification performance compared with the hill-climbing and MMHC algorithms. The best-performing joint Boruta-SMOTE-ENN-Tabu model showed that the risk factors of DM included family history, age, central obesity, hyperlipidemia, salt reduction, occupation, heart rate, and BMI.
Application of photocatalytic proxone process for petrochemical wastewater treatment
Authors: Aghazadeh Mehrab , Hassani Amir Hessam , Borghei Mehdi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIndustrial wastewaters are different from sanitary wastewaters, and treatment complications due to their unique characteristics, so biological processes are typically disrupted. High chemical oxygen demand, dye, heavy metals, toxic organic and non-biodegradable compounds present in petroleum industry wastewater. This study intends to optimize the photocatalytic proxone process, utilizing a synthesized ZnO–Fe3O4 nanocatalyst, for petroleum wastewater treatment. The synthesis of ZnO–Fe3O4 was done by air oxidation and layer-by-layer self-assembly method and XRD, SEM, EDAX, FT-IR, BET, DRS, and VSM techniques were used to characterize the catalyst. Central composite design (CCD) method applied to investigated the effect of pH (4–8), reaction time (30–60 min), ozone gas concentration (1–2 mg/L-min), hydrogen peroxide concentration (2–3 mL/L) and the amount of catalyst (1–0.5 g/L) on the process. In the optimal conditions, biological oxygen demand (BOD5) and total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) removal, reaction kinetic, and synergistic effect mechanisms on the process were studied. Based on the ANOVA, a quadratic model with R2 = 0.99, P-Value = 0.0001, and F-Value = 906.87 was proposed to model the process. Based on the model pH = 5.7, ozone concentration = 1.8 mg/L-min, hydrogen peroxide concentration = 2.5 mL/L, reaction time = 56 min, and the catalyst dose = 0.7 g/L were proposed as the optimum condition. According to the model prediction, an efficiency of 85.3% was predicted for the removal of COD. To evaluate the accuracy of the prediction, an experiment was carried out in optimal conditions, and experimentally, a 52% removal efficiency was obtained. Also, at the optimum condition, BOD5 and TPH removal were 91.1% and 89.7% respectively. The reaction kinetic follows the pseudo-first-order kinetic model (R2 = 0.98). Also, the results showed that there is a synergistic effect in this process. As an advanced hybrid oxidation process, the photocatalytic proxone process has the capacity to treat petroleum wastewater to an acceptable standard.
Epidemiology and treatment of proximal femoral fractures in the elderly U.S. population
Authors: Walter Nike , Szymski Dominik , Kurtz Steven M. , Lowenberg David W. , Alt Volker , Lau Edmund C. , Rupp Markus 
Published: August 2023

AbstractProximal femoral fractures are a serious complication, especially for elderly patients. Detailed epidemiological analyzes provide a valuable resource for stakeholders in the health care system in order to foresee future development possibly influenceable by adaption of therapeutic procedures and prevention strategies. This work aimed at answering the following research questions: (1) What are the incidence rates of proximal femoral fractures in the elderly U.S. population? (2) What is the preferred treatment procedure for these fractures? Proximal femoral fractures occurred between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2019 in patients ≥ 65 years were identified from the Medicare Physician Service Records Data Base. The 5% sample of Medicare beneficiaries, equivalent to the records from approximately 2.5 million enrollees formed the basis of this study. Fractures were grouped into head/neck, intertrochanteric, and subtrochanteric fractures. The overall incidence rate, age and sex specific incidence rates as well as incidence rate ratios were calculated. Common Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes were used to identify procedures and operations. In 2019, a total number of 7982 femoral head/neck fractures was recorded. In comparison to 9588 cases in 2009, the incidence substantially decreased by 26.6% from 666.7/100,000 inhabitants to 489.3/100,000 inhabitants (z =  − 5.197, p < 0.001). Also, in intertrochanteric fractures, a significant decline in the incidence by 17.3% was evident over the years from 367.7/100,000 inhabitants in 2009 to 304.0 cases per 100,000 inhabitants in 2019 (z =  − 2.454, p = 0.014). A similar picture was observable for subtrochanteric fractures, which decreased by 29.6% (51.0 cases per 100,000 to 35.9 cases per 100,000) over the time period (z =  − 1.612, p = 0.107). Head/neck fractures were mainly treated with an arthroplasty (n = 36,301, 40.0%). The majority of intertrochanteric fractures and subtrochanteric fractures received treatment with an intramedullary device (n = 34,630, 65.5% and n = 5870, 77.1%, respectively). The analysis indicated that the incidence of all types of proximal femoral neck fractures decreased for the population of elderly patients in the U.S. within the last decade. Treatment of head and neck fractures was mainly conducted through arthroplasty, while intertrochanteric and subtrochanteric fractures predominantly received an intramedullary nailing.
Future temperature-related hospitalizations from cardiovascular diseases among rural residents in southeastern China considering population aging
Authors: Zhan Zhi-Ying , Yang Jun , Zhong Xue , Xie Xiao-Xu , Liu De-Li , Zheng Zhen-Quan , Hu Zhi-Jian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFuture climate changes are projected to adversely affect mortality risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in urbanized regions. However, future temperature-related excess CVD hospitalizations in rural residents with poorer socioeconomic status is not well understood. Moreover, influence of aging and declining rural population are rarely considered. Using CVD hospitalizations in rural residents during 2010–2016 in eight regions in southeastern China, the region-specific temperature-CVD associations were estimated by generalized additive models, which were combined by a meta-regression. We projected excess CVD hospitalizations due to temperature using regional associations for 27 climate models under scenarios of climate change for 2010–2099. To reveal the influences of aging and declining rural population, age-specific associations and future population change ratio were used to estimate age-specific number of temperature-related hospitalizations. We found that heat-related hospitalizations in rural residents from ischemic stroke, ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease are projected to increase in the 2090 s, although the excess CVD hospitalizations associated with future temperature in rural residents will reduce in the 2090 s. Rural population aging amplifies temperature-related CVD burden by >2.34-fold under SSPs in the 2050 s compared to scenarios with only population declining, although rural population reduction will reduce the temperature-related CVD hospitalizations in the 2090 s. The elderly, male and those lived in Longyan and Sanming could be more affected. These findings suggest that future heat is projected to increase hospitalizations of some CVD subcategories. Policies are needed to mitigate increasing temperature and baseline hospitalization rate. The impact of population aging is noteworthy.
Transposable elements potentiate radiotherapy-induced cellular immune reactions via RIG-I-mediated virus-sensing pathways
Authors: Du Junyan , Kageyama Shun-Ichiro , Yamashita Riu , Tanaka Kosuke , Okumura Masayuki , Motegi Atsushi , Hojo Hidehiro , Nakamura Masaki , Hirata Hidenari , Sunakawa Hironori , Kotani Daisuke , Yano Tomonori , Kojima Takashi , Hamaya Yamato , Kojima Motohiro , Nakamura Yuka , Suzuki Ayako , Suzuki Yutaka , Tsuchihara Katsuya , Akimoto Tetsuo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRadiotherapy (RT) plus immunotherapy is a promising modality; however, the therapeutic effects are insufficient, and the molecular mechanism requires clarification to further develop combination therapies. Here, we found that the RNA virus sensor pathway dominantly regulates the cellular immune response in NSCLC and ESCC cell lines. Notably, transposable elements (TEs), especially long terminal repeats (LTRs), functioned as key ligands for the RNA virus sensor RIG-I, and the mTOR–LTR–RIG-I axis induced the cellular immune response and dendritic cell and macrophage infiltration after irradiation. Moreover, RIG-I-dependent immune activation was observed in ESCC patient tissue. scRNA sequencing and spatial transcriptome analysis revealed that radiotherapy induced the expression of LTRs, and the RNA virus sensor pathway in immune and cancer cells; this pathway was also found to mediate tumour conversion to an immunological hot state. Here, we report the upstream and ligand of the RNA virus sensor pathway functions in irradiated cancer tissues.
Controlling electromagnetic surface waves with conformal transformation optics
Authors: Zhao Xiaoyu , Deng Hong , Gao Xiaoke , Ma Xikui , Dong Tianyu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe application of transformation optics to the development of intriguing electromagnetic devices can produce weakly anisotropic or isotropic media with the assistance of quasi-conformal and/or conformal mapping, as opposed to the strongly anisotropic media produced by general mappings; however, it is typically limited to two-dimensional applications. By addressing the conformal mapping between two manifolds embedded in three-dimensional space, we demonstrate that electromagnetic surface waves can be controlled without introducing singularity and anisotropy into the device parameters. Using fruitful surface conformal parameterization methods, a near-perfect conformal mapping between smooth manifolds with arbitrary boundaries can be obtained. Illustrations of concealing and illusions, including surface Luneburg and Eaton lenses and black holes for surface waves, are provided. Our work brings the manipulation of surface waves at microwave and optical wavelengths one step closer.