bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural features of the South-East of the Saghro inlier (Eastern Anti-Atlas, Morocco): Insights from aeromagnetic data
Authors: AAFIR Zineb , HAHOU Youssef , OUSAID Lahcen , COURBA Said , IDRISSI Assia , BOUFKRI Hafsa , MANAR Ahmed , LAMCHAIMECH Aziza 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The Anti-Atlas fold and thrust belt is considered an important metallogenic province on the northern margin of the West African Craton (WAC). This structural domain is mainly controlled by structural features inherited from many orogeneses that underwent evolution from the Paleoproterozoic onward. Geophysical investigation is considered an effective tool for studying fracturing and establishing structural maps of sedimentary basins and inaccessible area. The Saghro massif of the Eastern Anti-Atlas is a large Precambrian inlier including the highest peak in the range, Jbel Mansour, reaching 2600 meters, along with many other inaccessible areas. In this work, we highlight the use of airborne magnetic data in the South-East part of the Saghro inlier to depict the tectonic framework and to establish the structural map of this part of the Pan African belt. We particularly focused on determining the local structures and tectonic units by applying many derivatives filters on the magnetic data reduced to pole. The superposition of all magnetic lineaments obtained from various edge detection techniques. The results outline directions that are the same as the general tectonic structures of the area. NE-SW and E-W directions corresponding mainly to Hercynian faults, while the NW-SE to ESE-WNW directions are related to the late Pan-African phase. The interpreted magnetic lineament maps identified new profound faults in this region, in addition to confirming other linear structures already highlighted by previous geophysical investigations. Our synthetic structural map of magnetic lineaments serves as a framework for future mining exploration.
Intrusion Anomaly Detection Based on Pseudo-Count Exploration
Authors: Cao Feifei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
With the increase in cyber-attacks, the issue of risk to web services is of great concern, making it particularly important to apply new techniques to improve the performance of intrusion detection systems. This study presents a novel application of a deep reinforcement learning algorithm based on pseudo-count exploration for network intrusion anomaly detection. We describe how to introduce a pseudo-count exploration (PCE) approach for supervised intrusion anomaly detection based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithms and construct an exploration space based on their architecture. For intrusion detection systems (IDSs), setting up dense extrinsic rewards consistent with intrusion detection is very difficult because the identifications are all manual and cannot be automatically identified and these identified intrusion events are stored to form a network feature dataset. We select the NSL-KDD and AWID datasets and compare our proposed new models based on the pseudo-count exploration of double deep Q networks (PCE-DDQN) and Proximal Policy Optimization (PCE-PPO) with existing machine learning and traditional DRL techniques. Our models significantly outperform the other two types of models in terms of detection performance, especially on the AWID dataset where the anomaly distribution is highly unbalanced. In addition, in terms of training cost, our model is faster than the traditional DRL model. We also discuss the effect of discount factor size on the detection ability of the models, and our models achieve excellent performance on all three types of metrics.
Analyzing Antibiotic Utilization Patterns and Antibiogram Assessment in Viral Fever, Lower Respiratory Infections, and Dengue cases: A Clinical Study
Authors: Nilay Solanki , Shreya Patel , Vivek Siddhpura 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background: Antibiotics are successful in combating most types of infections. Irrational use and higher consumption of antibiotics can give rise to antibiotic resistance globally.
Objectives: To evaluate antibiotic prescribing patterns and antibiograms in infectious disease cases admitted to hospitals.
Methodology: This was a cross-sectional, observational study conducted from the period of July 2019 to February 2020 among in-patients at the hospital. Data was analysed by the mean and percentages using Microsoft excel tool.
Results: Out of 250 admitted patients Males and females were 156 (62%) and 85 (43%), respectively. The majority of patients (79, or 32%) belonged to the age group of 20–40 years. Majority of prescriptions reported in the Viral fever (48), lower respiratory tract infection (40) and Dengue (33). Antibiotics administered through intravenous route and by oral route were 301 and 63 respectively. The most frequently utilized antibiotics were beta-lactams such as Ceftriaxone (60%) and the fixed dose combination amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid (26%). The next-highest percentages were metronidazole (52%), azithromycin (36%), and levofloxacin (24%). In Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli (6, 30%) contributed major growth, while in Gram-positive Coagulase-negative staphylococci (6, 30%) contributed the highest growth of bacteria for the specific infections in the admitted cases.
Conclusions: Ceftriaxone (60%) and amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (29%) were highly prescribed among all antibiotics followed by metronidazole (21%). Infectious agents such as Escherichia coli (6–30%) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (6–30%) contributed majorly as causative factors for infectious diseases.
Ambulance Clinicians with ‘Research Skills’: Alien Concept or Artificial Intelligence? Attitudes, perceptions and experiences of evidence-based practice learning and implementation by student paramedics.
Authors: Newton Jon , Smith Andrew 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: Evidence-Based-Practice (EBP) is regarded as the conscientious and judicious use of the best contemporaneous evidence in partnership with patient values and clinical expertise to guide healthcare professionals in clinical practice [Titler, 2008]. As a result, EBP is a recommended component of healthcare education [Lehane et al, 2018; Ramis et al, 2019] and considered fundamental for improving patient outcomes [Leufer & Cleary-Holdforth, 2009]. The subjects teaching and learning principles have thus become deeply-rooted in higher education curricular [European University Association, 2022]; but only in recent years has EBP begun to permeate the world of paramedic practice [Simpson et al, 2012]. Despite this paradigm, the impact of EBP may be limited in real-world practice because students (and qualified staff) can struggle to implement these skills [Emms & Armitage, 2010; Warren, et al. 2016] and whilst the concept may be considered favourable amongst graduates [Wilson et al. 2021] a variety of barriers impact translation and application [Jones & Jones. 2013; Lehane et al. 2018; Leufer & Cleary-Holdforth 2009; European University Association 2022].
Methods: Using an evaluation style methodology an educational enquiry was conducted to better understand the attitudes, perceptions and experiences of EBP learning and implementation amongst student paramedics. This pilot study aimed to gain insight into the epistemological and metacognitive barriers impacting student experience in order to help improve teaching and learning practices.
Results: 70% of BSc (Hons) students versus 33% of DipHE students agreed to some extent or greater, that EBP represented minimal benefit in real-world practice due to the guidelines set-out by the Joint Royal College Ambulance Liaison Committee and the presence of Trust policy (Welch’s t = 2.571, df = 26, p=0.016 two-sided). 25% felt ambulance service guidelines and standard operating procedures negatively impacted their ability to implement EBP; although 39% reported EBP improved their ability to implement improved patient care.
Conclusion: A strong likelihood that EBP does not dovetail well with standard operating procedures in the ambulance service is apparent; and an evident disparity between theoretical learning and its application is present within this population.
Abnormalities in the SIRT1-SIRT3 axis promote myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury through ferroptosis caused by silencing the PINK1/Parkin signalling pathway
Authors: Liao Yunfei , Ke Ben , Long Xiaoyan , Xu Jianjun , Wu Yongbing 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is the main reason for the poor prognosis of patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). To date, the mechanism of MIRI remains unknown. As members of the silent information regulator 2 (SIR2) family, SIRT1 and SIRT3 have been shown to play critical roles in protecting cardiomyocytes against MIRI, but whether SIRT1 and SIRT3 interact to regulate mitophagy and their association with ferroptosis during MIRI have not been reported. Hence, in this study, we investigated the role and specific mechanism of SIRT1 and SIRT3 in protecting cardiomyocytes against MIRI through bioinformatics analysis and cell experiment methods. Meanwhile, we also elucidated the interaction between SIRT1 and SIRT3 during MIRI. We found that the expression of SIRT1 and SIRT3 in myocardial tissues and the peripheral blood of patients with ICM was abnormal, and SIRT1 was significantly negatively correlated with SIRT3 during MIRI. Further analysis revealed that the SIRT1-SIRT3 axis was closely correlated with ferroptosis, and its silencing could effectively increase the incidence of ferroptosis. Furthermore, SIRT1-SIRT3 axis silencing was accompanied by changes in PINK1, Parkin, P62/SQSTM1 and LC3 expression. PINK1 silencing significantly increased the incidence of ferroptosis, while resveratrol (Res) and/or honokiol (HKL) effectively reversed the outcome. These results suggests that abnormalities in the SIRT1-SIRT3 axis promote MIRI through ferroptosis caused by silencing the PINK1/Parkin signalling pathway, which may provide promising therapeutic prospects for patients with ICM.
Impact Assessment of SSI on the Structural Performance of RC Buildings under Lateral Forces
Authors: mani Pandi , Sankar Tanikonda Siva , Priyatham BPRVS , Ramkumar BAV 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The performance of RC multistory buildings is significantly impacted by the interaction of soil-structure under lateral loads. The vulnerability of foundation soil to seismic vibration or wind force on the superstructure is typically overlooked in the structural design. This study examines the effects of a multi-story RC building's soil-superstructure interaction (SSI) under the impact of wind and seismic forces. This study implements the linear Winkler foundation model by assuming that the subsurface soil was medium soil and clay soil, idealized with a spring system to analyze the SSI effect. The self-weight, live-load, wind-load, and earthquake are used as the design forces in the ETABS software to carry out the 3-D simulation. The IS 1893:2016 and IS 875:2015 code provisions are used to carry out the EL and WL analyses. In this study, the structural performance of buildings is characterized in terms of storey displacement, drift ratio, base shear, and time-period. The maximum displacement for the SSIE-clay model has increased by 25.13% and 15.60% under earthquake forces compared to the FBE and SSIE-medium soil models. The fundamental period for building rests in medium soil and fixed bases models under EQ forces decreased by 15.63 and 10.36 percent when compared to the clay base model. In comparison to the FBW model under WL analysis, the maximum base shear of the FBE model under EQ analysis exhibits a 35.38 percent increment. When compared to earthquake forces, this study's findings show that the behavior of buildings with SSI is less vulnerable to wind forces.
Factors Influencing Cloud Computing Adoption in a Zero-Trust Environment
Authors: Vang Tom , Lind Mary L 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Explore the driving factors affecting cloud computing adoption in zero-trust environments using the extended TOE and TAM conceptual framework. The study addresses developed research questions using multiple regression models to investigate the correlation of the variables' relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, organizational competency, top management support, and training and education influencing cloud services' perceived ease of use (PEOU) and perceived usefulness (PU). Furthermore, it evaluates the competitive pressure and trading partner support variables' direct influence on cloud adoption intention. The study uses statistical data from a survey questionnaire measurement tool and applies the quantitative predictive correlation research design to describe and measure the variables' relationship. The data sampling consists of IT professionals with cloud computing technology and zero-trust security experience employed by government and public agencies. The findings interpret the research questions' context using correlation and regression analysis to determine the extended TOE and TAM variables' statistical significance in influencing IT professionals' perspectives of cloud services acceptance. The study contributes to the literature on cloud technology and zero trust security for future studies.
Impact Of The COVID-19 Pandemic on Time To Treatment Initiation For Colorectal Cancer In Japan
Authors: Tamura Koichi , Ozawa Satoru , Hirokawa Fumitoshi , Shigekawa Yoshinobu , Kimura Masamichi , Tabata Hirotaka , Nakamura Kensuke , Nakamori Mikihito 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This retrospective study aims to evaluate potential differences of diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer between the two years before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
Retrospectively enrolled in this study were consecutive patients with colorectal cancer who underwent surgery at our institution between April 2018 and March 2022 (Trial registration number: UMIN000051148 on May 23, 2023). Clinicodemographic data and short-term postoperative outcomes were collected for statistical analysis.
Results
This study included 383 patients (203 patients before the pandemic, 180 patients during the pandemic). During the pandemic, the time between initial symptoms and referral was 2 months or less in significantly fewer patients than before the pandemic. Patients who required at least 2 months to initial referral were significantly associated with the COVID-19 pandemic (OR 2.89, 95%CI 1.70–4.93, P˂ 0.001) and absence of fecal occult blood testing (OR 2.44, 95%CI 1.32–4.52, P = 0.005) in multivariate analysis.
Conclusions
This study demonstrated short-term outcomes of colorectal cancer surgery and risk factors of delay from initial symptoms to referral during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic. Specific risk stratification and guidance are recommended in the event of future pandemics to prevent poorer oncological outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer.
Memetic Salp Swarm Algorithm for Economic Load Dispatch Problems
Authors: Awadallah Mohammed A. , Al-Betar Mohammed Azmi , Braik Malik , Zitar Raed Abu , Assaleh Khaled , Alkoffash Mahmud Salem , Al-Khawaldah Mustafa 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a hybridized version of the Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA) for Economic Load Dispatch (ELD) problems with severe constraints. The Adaptive β-hill climbing optimizer (ABHCO) and a recently evolved local search method is hybridized with SSA as a novel operator. This hybridization scheme is known as a memetic algorithm where the SSA serves as a natural selection agent (general refinement) in a genotype environment, while ABHCO serves as a culture selection agent (local refinement) in the phenotype environment. In other words, The SSA is served as a gene notation in biology while AβHCO serves as a meme in a cultural context. In an intelligent optimization environment, gene and meme notations from natural biology and cultural selection act as search agents to achieve generality (gene) and problem specificity (meme). ELD is a crucial optimization problem in electrical engineering that is non-convex, multi-modal, and severely constrained. The proposed method, which is named MSSA, is evaluated against several types of ELD problems that vary in terms of the constraints considered. The first problem is tackled by considering two types of constraints related to load balance and output. It includes five real-world ELD generator cases that vary in number of units and load demands: 3-unit generator with 850 MW (3UG-850MW), 13-unit generator with 1800 MW (13UG-1800MW), 13-unit generator with 2520 MW (13UG-2520MW), 40-unit generator with 10500 MW (40UG-10500MW), and large scaled 80-unit generator with 21000 MW (80UG-21000MW). Two additional constraints-Prohibited Operating Zones and Ramp Rate Limits-are used to address the second problem. A 6-unit generator with 1263 MW (6UG-1263MW) and a 15-unit generator with 2630 MW (40UG-2630MW) are the two real-world cases that are discussed. In comparison to other current algorithms, the comparative findings showed the feasibility and usefulness of the proposed MSSA.
Impact of an oral nutritional supplement enriched in leucine, EPA, DHA, and β-glucans on the increase of muscle mass in patients with cancer and malnutrition: the Alisenoc trial
Authors: Casariego Alfonso Vidal , Luna Pedro P. García , González Francisco Villazón , Folgueras Tomás Martín , Milla Samara Palma , Gómez Juan José López , Navarro Irene González , Fernández Alicia Calleja , Quintana Tamara Casañas , Román Daniel A. de Luis 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: Cancer negatively affects nutritional status, causing changes in body composition, functional status, and quality of life (QoL). The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a specific oral nutritional supplement (ONS) enriched in EPA, DHA, leucine, and β-glucans on the nutritional status, body composition, functional status, and QoL of patients with cancer and malnutrition.
Methods: A randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, controlled, multicenter clinical trial was conducted in patients with cancer and malnutrition during outpatient treatment. Patients were randomized to receive either a specific high-calorie (400 kcal per package), high-protein (20 g/package) ONS enriched with leucine, EPA, DHA, and β-glucans or an isocaloric, isonitrogenous standard ONS for eight weeks. Malnutrition was diagnosed using the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), body composition was evaluated using bioimpedance, and QoL was assessed using the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) scale.
Results: 57 patients were recruited and 37 completed the intervention period (19 in the enhanced ONS group and 18 in the standard ONS group). There were no differences between the groups in terms of baseline characteristics. After the nutritional intervention, patients who received the enhanced ONS showed a significant increase in muscle mass, which was not detected with the standard ONS [1.92 (4.31) kg vs -0.68 (1.45) kg); p=0.009)], and there was no significant reduction in the percentage of patients with severe and moderate malnutrition. In both groups, fewer patients had the worst ECOG score.
Conclusion: an enhanced ONS enriched in EPA, DHA, leucine, and β-glucans increases muscle mass and could promote nutritional and functional status recovery in patients with cancer and malnourishment.
Trial registration: NCT04184713
Diagnostic delay in oral cancer mimicking oral cenesthopathy: A case report
Authors: Takao Chihiro , Kuroshima Takeshi , Watanabe Motoko , Nayanar Gayatri , Nakamura Shin , Maeda Chizuko , Tominaga Risa , Kimura Yasuyuki , Tu Trang Thi Huyen , Harada Hiroyuki , Toyofuku Akira 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Oral cenesthopathy (OC) is characterized by bizarre sensations in the oral region. The complaints and appearance of patients with this disorder are so strange and messy that proper diagnosis becomes difficult. Herein, we present a case of diagnostic delay in oral cancer which was very closely mimicking OC. A 50-year-old divorced female complained of presence of pus or oil like liquid and sticky sensations somewhere around the inside of the right ear, neck and mouth. She also complained of trismus and pain on the right side of the throat, neck and upper right gingiva. She reported that these sensations occurred after she stopped using cooking oils for her hair washing 5 months before the first examination. At physician and dentist, she could not be found any organic abnormalities, so she was referred to our clinic. Her overall appearance seemed strange and messy and she could hardly talk because of oral symptoms. On examination an egg-sized fixed lymph node with tenderness was found on her right lateral cervical region. The computed tomography revealed an extensively spread mass from the oropharynx to the sphenoid and multiple enlarged lymph nodes with internal necrosis. She was clinically diagnosed with advanced oral cancer with lymph node metastasis. Her complains also suggested symptoms of oral cancer in retrospect. Accurate diagnosis might be difficult due to bizarre complaints, strange appearance, complicated psychosocial backgrounds, and some communication barriers. This case report instructively suggested that practitioners should make an effort to understand patients' complaints and avoid prejudice.
Cooperative Genomic Lesions in HRAS-Mutant Cancers Predict Resistance to Farnesyltransferase Inhibitors
Authors: Nigam Aradhya , Krishnamoorthy Gnana , Chatila Walid , Berman Katherine , Saqcena Mahesh , Walch Henry , Ho Alan , Schultz Nikolaus , Fagin James , Untch Brian 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

The clinical development of farnesyltransferase inhibitors (FTI) for HRAS-mutant tumors showed mixed responses dependent on cancer type. Co-occurring mutations may affect response. We aimed to uncover cooperative genetic events specific to HRAS-mutant tumors and study their effect on FTI sensitivity. Using targeted sequencing data from MSK-IMPACT and DFCI-GENIE databases we identified co-mutations in HRAS- vs KRAS- and NRAS-mutant cancers. HRAS-mutant cancers had a higher frequency of co-altered mutations (48.8%) in MAPK, PI3K, or RTK pathways genes compared to KRAS- and NRAS-mutant cancers (41.4% and 38.4%, respectively; p < 0.05). Class 3 BRAF, NF1, PTEN, and PIK3CA mutations were more prevalent in HRAS-mutant lineages. To study the effect of comutations on FTI sensitivity, HrasG13R was transfected into ‘RASless’ (Kraslox/lox;Hras−/−;Nras−/−) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) which sensitized non-transfected MEFs to tipifarnib. Comutation in the form of Pten or Nf1 deletion or Pik3caH1047R or BrafG466E transduction led to relative resistance to tipifarnib in HrasG13R MEFs in the presence or absence of KrasWT. Combined treatment of tipifarnib with MEK inhibition sensitized cells to tipifarnib, including in MEFs with PI3K pathway comutations. HRAS-mutant tumors demonstrate lineage demonstrate lineage-dependent MAPK/PI3K pathway alterations that confer relative resistance to tipifarnib. Combined FTI and MEK inhibition is a promising combination for HRAS-mutant tumors.