bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Negotiating authenticity and biodiversity in heritage gardens
Authors: Grönlund Emma , Seiler Joakim 
Published: September 2023

With this paper we explore and discuss the priorities of and possible goal conflicts between authenticity and climate change in heritage gardens. How can climate change mitigation, adaptation, resilience, and cultural heritage conservation be combined in heritage gardens? Our study was guided by the following research question: How do gardeners negotiate climate change and authenticity in heritage gardens? From Rachel Carson's Silent Spring in the 1960s through to the 2002 report Gardening in the Global Greenhouse and the recent Gardening in a Changing World in 2022 mankind's impact on the environ­ment and the emerging climate change has been the focus of increasing attention. By invest­i­gat­ing and interviewing multiple gardeners our objective was to pinpoint common challenges, as well as what can be learned from one another within the field of gardening and heritage conservation. The case study method was adopted for this study, involving three head gardeners in the United Kingdom. Interviews were conducted with Joseph Atkin at Aberglasney Gardens, Claire Greenslade at Hestercombe Gardens, and Steve Lannin at Iford Manor about their expertise and knowledge. The gardeners expressed concern re­garding climate change and the challenges it poses. The interviewees shared their experience with drought, reduced use of pesticides and herbicides, and the peat legislation in relation to their role as head gardeners. We argue that authenticity and the traditional gardening practised before the advent of power tools, plastic, peat issues, and uninformed transportation can be part of the solution to loss of bio­diversity and climate change. This paper identifies some of the obstacles encountered in relation to negotiating questions of authenticity and climate change in heritage gardens.
A nomogram model for predicting lower extremity deep vein thrombosis after gynecologic laparoscopic surgery: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhao Yuping , Wang Renyu , Zu Shuiling , Lin Yanbin , Fu Ying , Lin Na , Fang Xiumei , Liu Chenyin 
Published: September 2023

Objective
To investigate the risk factors associated with lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (LEDVT) and to establish a predictive model for patients who undergo gynecologic laparoscopic surgery.

Methods
A review of clinical data was conducted on patients who underwent gynecologic laparoscopic surgery between November 1, 2020, and January 31, 2022. Patients who developed LEDVT after surgery were included as the observation group, while the control group comprised patients who did not experience complications. Multivariate forward stepwise logistic regression models were used to identify independent risk factors associated with LEDVT. A nomogram model was then developed based on these risk factors.

Results
A total of 659 patients underwent gynecologic laparoscopic surgery during the study period, and 52 (7.89%) of these patients developed postoperative LEDVT. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that older age (adjusted OR, 1.085; 95% CI [1.034–1.138]; P < 0.05), longer operation duration (adjusted OR, 1.014; 95% CI [1.009–1.020]; P < 0.05), shorter activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) (adjusted OR, 0.749; 95% CI [0.635–0.884]; P < 0.05), higher D-dimer (adjusted OR, 4.929; 95% CI [2.369–10.255]; P < 0.05), higher Human Epididymis Protein 4 (HE4) (adjusted OR, 1.007; 95% CI [1.001–1.012]; P < 0.05), and history of hypertension (adjusted OR, 3.732; 95% CI [1.405–9.915]; P < 0.05) were all independent risk factors for LEDVT in patients who underwent gynecologic laparoscopic surgery. A nomogram model was then created, which had an area under the curve of 0.927 (95% CI [0.893–0.961]; P < 0.05), a sensitivity of 96.1%, and a specificity of 79.5%.

Conclusions
A nomogram model that incorporates information on age, operation duration, APTT, D-dimer, history of hypertension, and HE4 could effectively predict the risk of LEDVT in patients undergoing gynecologic laparoscopic surgery, potentially helping to prevent the development of this complication.
Economic Mapping of Small-Scale Fishers in Dadap Village, Juntinyuat District, Indramayu Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Suryana Asep Agus Handaka , Nurezka Kartika 
Published: September 2023

Small-scale fishers (SSF) are essential to providing employment and food security worldwide. This is especially true in coastal countries like Indonesia. However, despite being so important, often the economic and social characteristics of SSF are not well documented. Thus, this research focused on the small-scale fishers of Dadap Village, which is located in the Juntinyuat District, Indramayu Regency, Indonesia. Specifically, through qualitative research methods and economic mapping, this study investigated various aspects of the fisher's characteristics, economic activities, and factors affecting their development. The research found that fishers were between 20-54 years with a relatively low level of education, and many relied on customers for social support due to high fishing supplies costs. The economic mapping of Dadap Village revealed that fishing activities dominated the local economy, with small scale fishers using various fishing gear and vessels, ranging from 2-4 Gross Tonnage to 5-10 Gross Tonnage (GT). The catches varied depending on the fishing gear used, and the income also differed based on the selling price of the catch and the duration of fishing trips. Several supporting factors for the development of small-scale fishers were identified, including the high production of catches and the presence of fish auction facilities. On the other hand, inhibiting factors included selling catches outside the auction place, low education levels, lack of technology usage, and consumptive behavior of fishermen. In conclusion, the study sheds light on the characteristics and economic activities of small-scale fishermen in Dadap Village. The findings highlight the need for support in terms of technology adoption and educational improvements to enhance the development of the fishing community. Additionally, better market access and reduced reliance on middlemen could positively impact the economic growth of small-scale fishers in the area.
Physicians’ Response on Haemophilia Care in South Western Nigeria
Authors: Shokunbi W. A. , Aworanti O. W. , Olatunji P. O. , Dairo M. D. , Fakunle E. S. , Ojo O. T. , Yuguda Saleh , Ibijola Leke , Iwara Kapona , Ajuba C. I. , Fehintola F. A. 
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Haemophilia is a rare inherited bleeding disorder that affects predominantly male because it is an X chromosome linked disorder. The severity of the disease is determined by the percentage of Factors VIII and IX activity in the individuals with Haemophilia.
Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the extent of haemophilia care in the southwestern part of Nigeria. This forms part of a nationwide survey in 2016, focusing especially on whether or not physicians in specific hospitals in the states in south west had ever managed a haemophiliac.
Methods: A self-administered questionnaire titled “Survey on Haemophilia Care in Nigeria” was developed for physicians in order to assess their experience on Haemophilia care in Nigeria. The responses from the Doctors were entered into SPSS (version 23) using the Data Dictionary (on survey of haemophilia) coded table prepared along with the questionnaire.
Results: The self-administered questionnaires were retrieved from 215 physicians in south west, Nigeria. Most of the respondents are from Oyo state, no respondent from both Osun and Ondo states. Also, about two-thirds of the respondents work in a teaching hospital, with majority having Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) as the highest qualification.
Conclusion: The care of haemophiliacs in the south western part of Nigeria needs to be standardized as the study showed that most physicians have no contact with Haemophiliacs.
Study of New Combination Fungicide Oxathiapiprolin 48 g + Amisulbrom 240 g/ L SE against Downy Mildew of Grapes in India
Authors: Pharate Shital , Kabade Sumant , Saha Sujoy , Ghodki B. S. 
Published: September 2023

Grapes suffer from various diseases and amongst them, downy mildew (c.o. Plasmopara viticola) causes global crop losses to the extent of 80-90%. Several fungicides are used to control these diseases, but the major risks involved in using fungicides are development of fungicide resistance as well as environmental pollution issues. This necessitates the evolution of new molecules with a unique mode of action. Oxathiapiprolin and amisulbrom are novel options with a unique mode of actions. A field study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of combination fungicide Oxathiapiprolin 48g + Amisulbrom 240 g/ L SE against downy mildew during 2020-21 and 2021-22 at Sangli, Maharashtra. Total four foliar sprays (one preventive + three curative) were applied as soon as the disease appeared in experimental plots.
Oxathiapiprolin 48g + Amisulbrom 240 g/ L SE @ 312.5 ml /ha and 375.00 ml /ha were at par with each other and recorded significantly lowest pooled percent Disease Index i.e. 19.11 and 19.25 respectively with corresponding percent disease control of 66.72 and 66.35 over untreated control (PDI of 36.15). In case of harvestable yield Oxathiapiprolin 48g + Amisulbrom 240 g/ L SE @ 312.5 ml /ha and 375.00 ml/ha showed the highest marketable yield of 26.49 and 25.80 t/ha respectively.
Status and Characterization of Slow Wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) and Basal Wilt (Sclerotium rolfsii) Pathogens from Different Pepper Ecosystems of Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Pavithra S. , Maruthasalam S. , Johnson I. , Mohanalakshmi M. , Varanavasiappan S. 
Published: September 2023

Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is grown extensively across many parts of Tamil Nadu. Pepper production is greatly affected by the fungal wilt complex diseases. In this study, the major pepper growing regions of Tamil Nadu were surveyed for two wilt complex diseases viz., slow wilt and basal wilt and the pathogens responsible for slow wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) and basal wilt (Sclerotium rolfsii) were isolated. The morphological and molecular characterization of the pathogens was performed to confirm their identities. The DNA sequence alignment with other sequences from the NCBI GenBank® database and the BLAST results indicate 97-98% similarity with reported F. oxysporum and S. rolfsii. The phylogenetic tree dendrograms were generated for both F. oxysporum and S. rolfsii using the MEGA 11 software and their relative similarities with known sequences were compared to identify the genetic linkage. Detailed investigations are necessary to get more knowledge on the epidemiology and economic importance of slow wilt and basal wilt diseases in black pepper.
Fungal inhibition by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is modulated in vitro by cocoa fermentation-related conditions: towards a biocontrol of fungi in processing cocoa
Authors: Ouattara Honoré , Yao Wilfried , Ouattara Hadja , Germain Karou , Sebastien Niamke 
Published: September 2023

Fungal growth impair strongly the quality of processed cocoa, leading to low crops value for farmers and manufacturers. The antifungal activity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from fermenting cocoa was analyzed and the conditions of fungal inhibition were evaluated. Fungi were isolated from stored fermented and dried cocoa beans on sabouraud plate medium. The results showed that, LAB strongly inhibit fungi isolated from fermented cocoa beans notably Mucors and Aspergilli, with Lactobacillus plantarum inducing the stronger inhibition whereas Leuconostoc mesenteroides produced a weaker inhibition. Acids production assayed by HPLC was found to be not related to antifungal activity, since LAB strains producing strong antifungal activity were not necessarly the best acid producers. Maximum fungal inhibition occured at 35 °C in Lactobacillus plantarum and Leuconostoc mesenteroides but also at 30 °C in Lactobacllus casei. Likewise, a narrow acidic pH range (3.0-4.0) allowed full expression of fungal inhibtion in LAB analyzed that decreased progressively toward pH 7.0 and failed at alkalin pH. However, sucrose even at high content (8%) was found to have no effect on antifungal activity of LAB, but its bioconversion product glucose and fructose decreased this activity when concentrations were set at 6 et 2 %, respectively. All together, the results suggest that, LAB may effectively exert fungal inhibition in a narrow timing of cocoa fermentation, with pulp contained sugars as metabolic regulators of this inhibition. These results may contribute to a better management of LAB as starter culture for an efficient inhibition of fungal growth and prevention of cocoa contamination from mycotoxins.
Key Words : Antifungal activity ; lactic acid bacteria ; cocoa fermentation ; inhibition variation; pH and temperature ; sugars content.
Nutritionally improved pasta with Arthrospira platensis: effect of cooking on antioxidant capacity and pigments content
Authors: Aldo. Iván García-Moncayo, , Erika. Sireni Rodríguez-Martínez, , Emilio Ochoa-Reyes, , Hilda. Karina Sáenz-Hidalgo, , Roberto Sepúlveda, David. , José. Juan Buenrostro-Figueroa, , Monica Alvarado-González, 
Published: September 2023

The functionalizing of staple and economic foods, which means adding health-promoting substances, has been visualized as a solution to reduce the concerning increase in diet-related diseases caused by bad-eating patterns. Microalgae represent an innovative way to solve this problem. Arthrospira platensis, microalgae nutritionally rich in bioactive compounds, has been used to develop hard wheat pasta (semolina) to improve its nutritional value and provide antioxidant properties, but there is scarce information about the effect of adding A. platensis in a soft wheat pasta with egg on these parameters. Given that, this work aimed to assess the effect of adding A. platensis at 1, 5, and 10% in a soft wheat pasta added with egg on the nutritional value. Besides, the total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant capacity (by FRAP and ABTS), and the spectrophotometric estimation of chlorophylls a + b as well as total carotenoids content were determined after and before cooking. The results showed that adding A. platensis at 5% was enough to increase raw pasta's nutritional value, especially protein by 19.27%, TPC by 3.88%, antioxidant capacity by 48.54%, and 66.09% for ABTS and FRAP respectively, as well as chlorophyll a + b (5.89 mg/100g) and total carotenoids (1.31 mg/100g). After the cooking process losses of 7.40, 16.81 and 0.51% were evidenced for TPC, ABTS and FRAP assays, however, remained 10.63, 62.37 and 70.65% higher than the cooked control. Furthermore, increases of 92.19 and 54.96% for chlorophyll a+b and total carotenoids were evidenced. The addition of A. platensis to pasta represents a way to improve the nutritional value regarding protein content, increase antioxidant capacity, and the content of chlorophylls and carotenoids, without statistically significant modifications in the caloric content.
Keywords: Antioxidant, Arthrospira platensis, Carotenoids, Chlorophylls, Functional Food, Pasta.
The selection of intra-inter specific Cucurbita rootstocks for grafted melon seedlings
Authors: KANDEMİR Dilek 
Published: September 2023

This study was conducted to select promising Turkish local Cucurbita rootstocks among intraspecific and interspecific hybrids for grafted melon seedling based on hybrid success rate, hypocotyl traits and graft compatibility. Rooting potentials, root system architecture and plant growth parameters of the rootstocks grafted with melon were also evaluated. Two lines of C. maxima (male parent) and eleven lines of C. moschata (female parent) at S5 generation were used. In addition, six winter squash lines were used as male parent and six pumpkin lines were used as female parent in intraspecific hybridization program. Intraspecific hybrid combinations had quite high number of seeds per fruit as compared to interspecific hybrid combinations. The highest number of seeds per fruit was obtained from HMO2 × OMO2 (359) and OMO5 × HMO8 (314) hybrid combinations. Hypocotyl lengths of all hybrid cucurbit rootstock combinations ranged from 32.96 mm (RS17) to 73.35 mm (RS8) and hypocotyl thicknesses ranged from 2.71 mm (RS2) to 3.55 mm (RS8). Graft success rates varied between 96.6 – 100% in winter squash and pumpkin intraspecific hybrids and between 87.1 – 100% in interspecific hybrids. Significant differences were seen in root architecture parameters (root length, root volume, mean root diameter, root surface area and root dry matter weight) of intraspecific and interspecies hybrid Cucurbita lines. The findings of the study indicated that the intraspecific and interspecific local cucurbit rootstock candidates developed within the rootstock breeding program showed promise as viable options for commercial use as rootstocks for grafted melon seedlings. Research about the effects of selected intraspecific and interspecific hybrid Cucurbita rootstock candidates on earliness, fruit quality and yield parameters of grafted melon will continue.
Keywords: Cucurbita maxima; Cucurbita moschata; Rootstock breeding; Root system architecture; Melon
Nirmatrelvir or Molnupiravir Use and Severe Outcomes From Omicron Infections
Authors: Lin Dan-Yu , Abi Fadel Francois , Huang Shuaiqi , Milinovich Alex T. , Sacha Gretchen L. , Bartley Patricia , Duggal Abhijit , Wang Xiaofeng 
Published: September 2023

ImportanceRitonavir-boosted nirmatrelvir and molnupiravir are currently used in the US and in other countries to treat nonhospitalized patients who have mild-to-moderate COVID-19 and who are at high risk for progression to severe disease. The associations of these 2 oral antiviral drugs with hospitalization and death resulting from infection with new SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants, particularly BQ.1.1 and XBB.1.5, are unknown.ObjectiveTo assess the association of nirmatrelvir or molnupiravir use with the risks of hospitalization and death among patients infected with new Omicron subvariants.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a cohort study of patients who received a diagnosis of COVID-19 at Cleveland Clinic from April 1, 2022, to February 20, 2023 (during which the Omicron variant evolved from BA.2 to BA.4/BA.5, then to BQ.1/BQ.1.1, and finally to XBB/XBB.1.5) and who were at high risk of progressing to severe disease, with follow-up through 90 days after diagnosis. The final date for follow-up data collection was February 27, 2023.ExposuresTreatment with ritonavir-boosted nirmatrelvir or molnupiravir.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was time to death. The secondary outcome was time to either hospitalization or death. The association of either nirmatrelvir or molnupiravir use with each outcome was measured by the hazard ratio (HR) adjusted for demographic factors, socioeconomic status, date of COVID-19 diagnosis, coexisting medical conditions, COVID-19 vaccination status, and previous SARS-CoV-2 infection.ResultsThere were 68 867 patients (29 386 [42.7%] aged ≥65 years; 26 755 [38.9%] male patients; 51 452 [74.7%] non-Hispanic White patients). Thirty of 22 594 patients treated with nirmatrelvir, 27 of 5311 patients treated with molnupiravir, and 588 of 40 962 patients who received no treatment died within 90 days of Omicron infection. The adjusted HRs of death were 0.16 (95% CI, 0.11-0.23) for nirmatrelvir and 0.23 (95% CI, 0.16-0.34) for molnupiravir. The adjusted HRs of hospitalization or death were 0.63 (95% CI, 0.59-0.68) for nirmatrelvir and 0.59 (95% CI, 0.53-0.66) for molnupiravir. The associations of both drugs with both outcomes were observed across subgroups defined by age, race and ethnicity, date of COVID-19 diagnosis, vaccination status, previous infection status, and coexisting conditions.Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that the use of either nirmatrelvir or molnupiravir is associated with reductions in mortality and hospitalization in patients infected with Omicron, regardless of age, race and ethnicity, virus strain, vaccination status, previous infection status, or coexisting conditions. Both drugs can, therefore, be used to treat nonhospitalized patients who are at high risk of progressing to severe COVID-19.
Event‐triggered fault detection filter design for networked switched systems with all subsystems unstable and cyber attacks
Authors: Zhang Zhigang , Liu Jinhai , Zhang Shuo , Zhu Hongfei 
Published: September 2023

SummaryThis article focuses on the issue of event‐triggered fault detection filters (FDF) design for networked switched systems. Compared with the existing fault detection literature, this article investigates the situation that all subsystems are unstable, and considers that stochastic cyber attacks will disrupt fault detection. An event‐triggered mechanism (ETM) that excludes Zeno behavior naturally is designed to economize limited network resources. Then considering the ETM‐induced delay term, the dynamics of the initial system combined with the ETM, fault detection filters, and the effects of cyber attacks are formulated as a new augment switched delayed residual model. Based on the constructed multiple piecewise discretized Lyapunov–Krasovskii function (MPDLKF) and the mode‐dependent dwell time (MDDT) method, sufficient conditions are obtained to guarantee globally mean‐square uniformly asymptotically stability of the new augment system. Moreover, a co‐design method of ETM matrices and FDF gains is proposed. Finally, simulation results are provided to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Atomically Dispersed Sn Confined in FeS2 for Nitrate‐to‐Ammonia Electroreduction
Authors: Zhang Guike , Wang Fuzhou , Chen Kai , Kang Jilong , Chu Ke 
Published: September 2023

AbstractElectrocatalytic NO3− reduction to NH3 (NO3RR) is an efficient strategy to simultaneously mitigate NO3− contamination and produce sustainable NH3. Herein, atomically dispersed Sn confined in FeS2 (Sn‐FeS2) is reported as an effective and robust NO3RR catalyst, achieving a maximum NH3‐Faradaic efficiency of 96.7% with a corresponding NH3 yield rate of 15.8 mg h−1 cm−2, along with an excellent catalytic stability. Atomic coordination characterizations of Sn‐FeS2 unravel that single‐atomic Sn bonds with the surrounding Fe atoms to construct the unique p‐d hybridized Sn‐Fe pair sites. Combining theoretical investigations and operando spectroscopic measurements unveil that Sn‐Fe pair sites can synergistically promote the NO3− activation and N═O bond dissociation, accelerate the protonation energetics of NO3−‐to‐NH3 pathway and suppress the competing hydrogen evolution, eventually drastically enhancing the NO3RR activity and selectivity.
PtFe Nanoalloys Supported on Fe‐Based Cubic Framework as Efficient Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Wu Yinlong , Chen Liming , Geng Shipeng , Tian Yuhui , Chen Rui , Wang Kun , Wang Yi , Song Shuqin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWhile Pt‐based binary alloys hold promising potential as cathode catalysts in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) due to their desirable properties compared with monometallic counterparts, their weak interactions with carbon support make them challenging for practical cell implementation. Here, the PtFe alloys are uniformly deposited onto the surface of Fe‐Nx‐enriched nanocubes (FeNC) via surface confinement and internal vapor phase etching. The combined action of PtFe alloy and FeNC support acts as the electronic structure modulator resulting in the optimized intermediate adsorption (revealed by density function theory calculations), thereby boosting intrinsic activity to oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and simultaneously enhancing their interactions. The resultant Pt1Fe1 @ Fe0.5NC‐900 catalyst with a low Pt loading (0.065 mgPt cm−2) exhibits excellent mass activity and stability toward ORR in acidic media. When incorporated into a PEMFC, it delivers a superior peak power density of 1.05 W cm−2 and satisfactory stability performance.