bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness and Safety of Trabectedin and Radiotherapy for Patients With Myxoid Liposarcoma
Authors: Sanfilippo Roberta , Hindi Nadia , Cruz Jurado Josefina , Blay Jean-Yves , Lopez-Pousa Antonio , Italiano Antoine , Alvarez Rosa , Gutierrez Antonio , Rincón-Perez Inmaculada , Sangalli Claudia , Pérez Aguiar Jose Luis , Romero Jesús , Morosi Carlo , Sunyach Marie-Pierre , Fabbroni Chiara , Romagosa Cleofe , Ranchere-Vince Dominique , Dei Tos Angelo P. , Casali Paolo G. , Martin-Broto Javier , Gronchi Alessandro 
Published: March 2023

ImportancePreclinical data about the synergistic activity of radiotherapy (RT) and trabectedin have been reported. The combination of trabectedin and RT in treating myxoid liposarcomas appears worth exploring.ObjectiveTo explore the effectiveness and safety of trabectedin combined with RT.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis international, open-label, phase 2 nonrandomized clinical trial including 46 patients with myxoid liposarcoma was conducted in 4 centers in Spain, 1 in Italy, and 2 in France from July 1, 2016, to September 30, 2019. Eligible patients had to have a histologic, centrally reviewed diagnosis of localized resectable myxoid liposarcoma arising from an extremity or the trunk wall.InterventionsTrabectedin was administered at the recommended dose stemming from the phase 1 trial (1.5 mg/m2), with intravenous infusion during 24 hours every 21 days for a total of 3 cycles. Radiotherapy was started after completion of the first trabectedin infusion (cycle 1, day 2). Patients received 25 fractions of radiation for a total of 45 Gy. Surgery was planned 3 to 4 weeks after the administration of the last preoperative cycle and not until 4 weeks after the end of preoperative RT. Pathologic specimens were mapped in tumor sections to estimate the histologic changes and the percentage of viable tumor after neoadjuvant treatment.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary objective of the phase 2 part of the study was overall response. Secondary objectives were effectiveness measured by relapse-free survival and activity measured by functional imaging and pathologic response.ResultsA total of 46 patients were enrolled. Four patients were not evaluable. The median age was 43 years (range, 18-77 years), and 31 patients were male (67%). Overall, 9 of 41 patients (22%) achieved a partial response with neoadjuvant treatment with trabectedin and RT, with 5 of 39 patients (13%) achieving a complete pathologic response and 20 of 39 patients (51%) having 10% or less of a viable remaining tumor. Partial responses according to Choi criteria were observed in 24 of 29 evaluable patients (83%), and no patient had disease progression. Treatment was well tolerated.Conclusions and RelevanceAlthough the primary end point of this phase 2 nonrandomized clinical trial was not met (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors response in ≥70% of patients), results suggest this combination was well tolerated and effective in terms of pathologic response. Thus, trabectedin plus RT might be a treatment option regarding tolerability; further evidence should be generated in this setting.
Development and Interrater Agreement of a Novel Classification System Combining Medical and Surgical Adverse Event Reporting
Authors: Stone Ashley , Jiang Sydney T. , Stahl Maximilian C. , Yang Christina J. , Smith Richard V. , Mehta Vikas 
Published: March 2023

ImportanceCategorization systems for adverse events are not standardized across care settings and specialties and do not always include near miss events (events where there was potential for patient harm, but where no actual harm occurred), making it difficult to effectively assess patient safety for quality improvement.ObjectiveTo develop and assess interrater agreement on a classification system for adverse events reporting that incorporates events in both inpatient and outpatient settings across medical and surgical subspecialties including near miss events.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA cross-sectional study in a tertiary care center including 174 patient cases occurring from 2018 to 2020 was carried out. Data were abstracted from a Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery Quality Assurance database. The cases were comprised of near miss and adverse events occurring in adult and pediatric patients in inpatient, outpatient, and emergency department settings. The ratings took place in March and April of 2022.ExposuresFour raters (2 attending physicians and 2 senior resident physicians) were recruited to classify these cases according to 3 classification systems: the National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention (NCC-MERP), Clavien-Dindo, and our novel Quality Improvement Classification System (QICS).Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was overall interrater agreements using Fleiss κ.ResultsAcross all 4 raters grading 174 cases, the NCC-MERP, Clavien-Dindo, and QICS received a κ score. Fair-to-moderate interrater reliability was observed between the resident and attending physician groups across the 3 classification systems: NCC-MERP (κ = 0.33; 95% CI, 0.30-0.35), Clavien-Dindo (κ = 0.47; 95% CI, 0.43-0.50), and QICS (κ = 0.42; 95% CI, 0.39-0.44). Strong interrater concordance was observed for complications across all scenarios.Conclusion and RelevanceThis cross-sectional study found that the new QICS classification scheme was applicable to wide-ranging clinical scenarios with a focus on patient-centered outcomes including near miss events. In addition, QICS allowed for the comparison of patient outcome data in a multitude of settings.
Evaluation of indoor air dose rate based on Cs‐137 depth distribution in surrounding artificially paved surfaces surveyed 10 years after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident
Authors: Kobayashi Hikaru , Suto Masahito , Otsuki Kentaro , Yoshimura Kazuya , Yoshida Hiroko 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUnderstanding residual radioactive contamination state and the resulting radiation environment is vital before reconstructing the lives of residents in areas affected by nuclear power plant accidents. In this study, we surveyed the depth profiles of Cs‐137 in three artificially paved ground surfaces: impermeable asphalt, permeable asphalt, and concrete, in areas affected by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident after a period of 10 years and analyzed the gamma‐ray air dose rate distribution in a two‐story wooden house model surrounded by different ground surfaces using the Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System of the Japan Atomic Energy Agency. The air dose rate distribution tendencies within the building for different surrounding ground surfaces were clarified by analyzing the transport of gamma rays emitted from the Cs‐137 in the ground. Moreover, the shielding effect of an ordinal concrete fence on the indoor air dose rate was analyzed. The analysis showed that the indoor air dose rate was higher in an environment with artificial pavement than in that with a soil surface, and even a simple measure, such as installing an ordinal concrete fence, could significantly reduce indoor radiation dose rates.
Iron and 2‐Oxoglutarate‐Dependent Isonitrile‐Forming Enzymes
Authors: Chen Tzu‐Yu , Guo Yisong , Chang Wei‐chen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

The isonitrile moiety, composed of an NC connection, is a commonly used functional group in chemical synthesis due to its highly reactive nature toward nucleophile, electrophile, and radical. Isonitrile‐containing natural products have shown diverse biological properties including virulence, antimicrobial activities, and metal acquisition. Despite its abundance in natural products, how isonitrile is introduced remains understudied. Recently,
N
‐glycinyl moiety has been identified as a biosynthon for isonitrile wherein several nonheme iron and 2‐oxoglutarate‐dependent (Fe/2OG) enzymes have been identified to enable this reaction. Distinct from canonical oxygenation or halogenation catalyzed by Fe/2OG enzymes, installation of the isonitrile group from a glycinyl moiety is a four‐electron oxidation of the substrate and involves decarboxylation‐assisted desaturation, thus representing an uncommon reaction type. To elucidate plausible reaction mechanism, several Fe/2OG‐dependent enzymes involved in isonitrile‐containing peptides and polyketides were characterized. Combining mechanistic probes design, protein X‐ray crystallography, biochemical and biophysical characterizations, and mutagenesis, a plausible reaction pathway was established. Formation of isonitrile involves two sequential reactions. Following a CH bond cleavage triggered by an Fe(IV)‐oxo, a carboxyaldimine species is produced in the first reaction. In the second reaction, decarboxylation‐assisted desaturation of the carboxyaldimine intermediate affords the NC moiety.
Atomic Displacements Enabling the Observation of the Anomalous Hall Effect in a Non‐Collinear Antiferromagnet
Authors: Rimmler Berthold H. , Hazra Binoy K. , Pal Banabir , Mohseni Katayoon , Taylor James M. , Bedoya‐Pinto Amilcar , Deniz Hakan , Tangi Malleswararao , Kostanovskiy Ilya , Luo Chen , Neumann Robin R. , Ernst Arthur , Radu Florin , Mertig Ingrid , Meyerheim Holger L. , Parkin Stuart S. P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAntiferromagnets with non‐collinear spin structures display various properties that make them attractive for spintronic devices. Some of the most interesting examples are an anomalous Hall effect despite negligible magnetization and a spin Hall effect with unusual spin polarization directions. However, these effects can only be observed when the sample is set predominantly into a single antiferromagnetic domain state. This can only be achieved when the compensated spin structure is perturbed and displays weak moments due to spin canting that allows for external domain control. In thin films of cubic non‐collinear antiferromagnets, this imbalance is previously assumed to require tetragonal distortions induced by substrate strain. Here, it is shown that in Mn3SnN and Mn3GaN, spin canting is due to structural symmetry lowering induced by large displacements of the magnetic manganese atoms away from high‐symmetry positions. These displacements remain hidden in X‐ray diffraction when only probing the lattice metric and require measurement of a large set of scattering vectors to resolve the local atomic positions. In Mn3SnN, the induced net moments enable the observation of the anomalous Hall effect with an unusual temperature dependence, which is conjectured to result from a bulk‐like temperature‐dependent coherent spin rotation within the kagome plane.
Leaky Waves in Flatland
Authors: Moccia Massimo , Castaldi Giuseppe , Alù Andrea , Galdi Vincenzo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLeaky waves are complex eigenmodes compatible with radiation in terms of their momentum, which can be supported by open waveguiding structures and can be effective at modeling radiative phenomena from such systems. Here, a “flatland” analog of leaky‐wave radiation is introduced to describe a novel mechanism for in‐plane radiation leakage that can occur in artificial or natural low‐dimensional materials. Possible platforms are illustrated for its physical realization, in the form of suitably designed planar junctions of isotropic impedance surfaces that implement surface‐wave or line‐wave guiding structures. A simple and insightful semi‐analytical model for the radiation mechanism is developed and validated against full‐wave numerical simulations. These results provide a new tool for the advanced manipulation of surface waves at the nanoscale, which relies entirely on interface‐optics effects, and can find interesting applications in the emerging field of polaritonics.
32‐Symmetric Chiral Gold Nanoplates with Near‐Infrared Circular Dichroism
Authors: Im Sang Won , Jo Eunjeong , Kim Ryeong Myeong , Han Jeong Hyun , Nam Ki Tae 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPlasmonic chiral nanostructures provide a novel route for extraordinary optical properties, such as light polarization control and enhancing chiroptical signals of molecules. The symmetry of chiral nanostructures, such as helices, gyroids, and irregular tetrahedrons, is strongly correlated to chiroptical responses; therefore, it is an important design parameter. In a previous study, a synthetic strategy is demonstrated for 432‐symmetric chiral gold nanoparticles by breaking the mirror symmetry of a 4/m 2/m‐symmetric crystal structure on a high‐index surface. Herein, the aim is to extend the chiral symmetry of gold nanoparticles and their chiroptical responses. The symmetry of gold nanoparticles can be modulated by inducing single or multiple twin planes in seed nanoparticles. The 32‐symmetric chiral gold nanoplates, referred to as 32 helicoids, are successfully synthesized using 3 2/m‐symmetric triangular and hexagonal plates. The growth mechanism of the 32 helicoids, which results in two different characteristic morphologies, is analyzed. The 32 helicoids are significantly important owing to their optical activity over a wide range from the visible to the near‐infrared region. This investigation provides an insight that symmetry control of the nanomorphology can represent an important research direction in chiral plasmonic applications.
Reprogrammable Binary and Ternary Optoelectronic Logic Gates Composed of Nanostructured GaN Photoelectrodes with Bipolar Photoresponse Characteristics
Authors: Luo Yuanmin , Wang Danhao , Kang Yang , Fang Shi , Liu Xin , Chen Wei , Yu Huabin , Jia Hongfeng , Memon Muhammad Hunain , Zhang Haochen , Luo Dongyang , Sun Xiyu , Li Liuan , He Jr‐Hau , Sun Haiding 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe elementary electronic‐logic‐gates, performing basic logic functions using electric signals as input, act as a building block of modern digital circuits. Intriguingly, the optoelectronic‐logic‐gates (OLGs), composed of optical devices, are emerging as a new logic platform which enables faster and large‐capacity data transmission and processing by using photons as input. However, the strict operation principle of classic optical devices, for example, the unidirectional photoresponse of the photodetector, restricts the functional enrichment of OLGs. Herein, reprogrammable OLGs in a photoelectrochemical (PEC)‐environment are reported by employing gallium‐nitride semiconductor p–n nanowires as photoelectrodes where bidirectional photocurrent is achieved, leading to the demonstration of various binary OLGs including “NOT”, “XOR”, and “OR”. Strikingly, thanks to the versatile tunability of PEC‐photoelectrodes, the logic function of these OLGs is switchable by simply adjusting programming inputs including light intensity, bias voltage, electrolyte condition, and the physicochemical properties of the nanowire surface. Most importantly, unique ternary OLGs, for example, ternary “OR” gates, can also be realized based on binary ones by just tuning their applied bias for higher logic complexity applications, without changing the device architecture. Such reprogrammable binary and ternary OLGs could provide a new avenue toward next‐generation logic circuits for fast computing and data‐processing in the future.
Non‐Viral Nucleic Acid Delivery System for RNA Therapeutics
Authors: Liu Lianxiao , Zhou Yiming , Xu Anqiu , Wang Chenglong , Li Ning , Huang Hongwei , Zhang Yuntao , Yang Xiaoming 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNucleic acid drugs can treat diseases caused by defective or abnormal genes. Herein, the mechanism of non‐viral vectors for nucleic acid drug delivery is described. This review introduce non‐viral vectors for nucleic acid drug delivery, including the nucleic acid‐carrier conjugate, proteins and peptides‐based nanoparticles, polysaccharides, and other biological macromolecules‐based nanoparticles consisting of lipid nanoparticles, synthetic polymers‐based nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticles, and organic–inorganic hybrid nanoparticles. Finally, the challenges and prospects of non‐viral vectors for nucleic acid drug delivery are discussed.
Hydrophobicity Tailoring of Ferric Covalent Organic Framework/MXene Nanosheets for High‐Efficiency Nitrogen Electroreduction to Ammonia
Authors: He Hongming , Wen Hao‐Ming , Li Hong‐Kai , Li Ping , Wang Jiajun , Yang Yijie , Li Cheng‐Peng , Zhang Zhihong , Du Miao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractElectrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) represents a promising sustainable approach for NH3 synthesis. However, the poor NRR performance of electrocatalysts is a great challenge at this stage, mainly owing to their low activity and the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, 2D ferric covalent organic framework/MXene (COF‐Fe/MXene) nanosheets with controllable hydrophobic behaviors are successfully prepared via a multiple‐in‐one synthetic strategy. The boosting hydrophobicity of COF‐Fe/MXene can effectively repel water molecules to inhibit the HER for enhanced NRR performances. By virtue of the ultrathin nanostructure, well‐defined single Fe sites, nitrogen enrichment effect, and high hydrophobicity, the 1H,1H,2H,2H‐perfluorodecanethiol modified COF‐Fe/MXene hybrid shows a NH3 yield of 41.8 µg h−1 mgcat.−1 and a Faradaic efficiency of 43.1% at −0.5 V versus RHE in a 0.1 m Na2SO4 water solution, which are vastly superior to the known Fe‐based catalysts and even to the noble metal catalysts. This work provides a universal strategy to design and synthesis of non‐precious metal electrocatalysts for high‐efficiency N2 reduction to NH3.
Metavalent Bonding in Layered Phase‐Change Memory Materials
Authors: Zhang Wei , Zhang Hangming , Sun Suyang , Wang Xiaozhe , Lu Zhewen , Wang Xudong , Wang Jiang‐Jing , Jia Chunlin , Schön Carl‐Friedrich , Mazzarello Riccardo , Ma En , Wuttig Matthias 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMetavalent bonding (MVB) is characterized by the competition between electron delocalization as in metallic bonding and electron localization as in covalent or ionic bonding, serving as an essential ingredient in phase‐change materials for advanced memory applications. The crystalline phase‐change materials exhibits MVB, which stems from the highly aligned p orbitals and results in large dielectric constants. Breaking the alignment of these chemical bonds leads to a drastic reduction in dielectric constants. In this work, it is clarified how MVB develops across the so‐called van der Waals‐like gaps in layered Sb2Te3 and Ge–Sb–Te alloys, where coupling of p orbitals is significantly reduced. A type of extended defect involving such gaps in thin films of trigonal Sb2Te3 is identified by atomic imaging experiments and ab initio simulations. It is shown that this defect has an impact on the structural and optical properties, which is consistent with the presence of non‐negligible electron sharing in the gaps. Furthermore, the degree of MVB across the gaps is tailored by applying uniaxial strain, which results in a large variation of dielectric function and reflectivity in the trigonal phase. At last, design strategies are provided for applications utilizing the trigonal phase.
Rubidium Iodide Reduces Recombination Losses in Methylammonium‐Free Tin‐Lead Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Yang Fengjiu , MacQueen Rowan W. , Menzel Dorothee , Musiienko Artem , Al‐Ashouri Amran , Thiesbrummel Jarla , Shah Sahil , Prashanthan Karunanantharajah , Abou‐Ras Daniel , Korte Lars , Stolterfoht Martin , Neher Dieter , Levine Igal , Snaith Henry , Albrecht Steve 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOutstanding optoelectronic properties of mixed tin‐lead perovskites are the cornerstone for the development of high‐efficiency all‐perovskite tandems. However, recombination losses in Sn‐Pb perovskites still limit the performance of these perovskites, necessitating more fundamental research. Here, rubidium iodide is employed as an additive for methylammonium‐free Sn‐Pb perovskites. It is first investigated the effect of the RbI additive on the perovskite composition, crystal structure, and element distribution. Quasi‐Fermi level splitting and transient photoluminescence measurements reveal that the RbI additive reduces recombination losses and increases carrier lifetime of the perovskite films. This finding is attributed to an approximately ten‐fold reduction in the defect density following RbI treatment, as probed using constant final state yield photoelectron spectroscopy. Additionally, the concentration of Sn vacancies is also reduced, and the perovskite film becomes less p‐type both in the bulk and at the interface towards the electron contact. Thus, the conductivity for electrons increases, improving carrier extraction. As a result, the open‐circuit voltage of RbI‐containing solar cells improves by 61 mV on average, with the best efficiency >20%. This comprehensive study demonstrates that RbI is effective at reducing recombination losses and carrier trapping, paving way for a new approach to Sn‐Pb perovskite solar cell research.
The economic impacts of Russia–Ukraine War export disruptions of grain commodities
Authors: Rose Adam , Chen Zhenhua , Wei Dan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUsing the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) computable general equilibrium model, we analyze the economic impacts of grain export disruptions caused by the Russia–Ukraine War during the first year of hostilities. The simulation results indicate that these disruptions not only affect Ukraine and Russia but also generate significant economic impacts across other world regions. Ukraine is projected to experience the largest impact on its own economy, with a real GDP loss of $859 million. In contrast, Russia's GDP is projected to decline by only $3.8 million, primarily due to its much lower dependence on grain exports and to favorable terms of trade effects.
Anion‐pillared microporous material incorporated mixed‐matrix fiber adsorbents for removal of trace propyne from propylene
Authors: Qian Siheng , Hu Jing , Wang Xiaobing , Yang Lifeng , Suo Xian , Wang Zhengbao , Cui Xili , Xing Huabin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSeparation and purification of light hydrocarbons have been the critical processes for producing basic chemicals and polymers in petrochemical industry. Adsorbents with high performance are highly demanded for the separation of light hydrocarbons. However, the adsorbents filling in the packed bed when evaluated will inevitably induce reduced performance and increased pressure drop that considerably impede their application. Herein, mixed‐matrix fiber adsorbents with anion‐pillared hybrid microporous materials (SIFSIX‐2‐Cu‐i) embedded within poly (ether sulfone) (PES) are constructed to enable an energy‐efficient propylene/propyne separation. Owing to the sufficient binding sites and abundant channels for selective gas transfer, the fiber adsorbents achieve high C3H4 uptake capacity of 0.963 mmol g−1 in the propylene/propyne (99/1) mixture breakthrough experiments. Moreover, fiber adsorbents exhibit good tolerance toward high gas velocity and show distinctively low pressure drop, which will be advantageous in industrial applications. This work provides a strategy for fabricating high‐performance mixed‐matrix fiber adsorbents.
Synthesis of Acyl Hydrazides from Carboxamides and Hydrazine Hydrate Under Metal‐Free Conditions at Room Temperature
Authors: Singh Shweta , Kandasamy Jeyakumar 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSynthesis of acyl hydrazides from amides has been achieved at room temperature through N‐activation reactions. A wide spectrum of functionalized primary and secondary amides was initially converted into N‐Boc, N‐nitroso and N‐tosyl amides and subjected to transamidation with hydrazine hydrate to obtain the desired acyl hydrazides in 76–94% yields. Broad substrate scope, shorter reaction time and mild reaction conditions are the merits of the developed methodology.