bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Massive Star Formation in the Tarantula Nebula
Authors: Nayak Omnarayani , Green Alex , Hirschauer Alec S. , Indebetouw Rémy , Meixner Margaret , Wong Tony , Chevance Mélanie , De Marchi Guido , Lebouteiller Vianney , Lee Min-Young , Looney Leslie W. , Madden Suzanne C. , Roman-Duval Julia , Fukui Yasuo , Hacar Alvaro , Jameson K. E. , Kalari Venu , Oudshoorn Luuk , Rubio Mónica , Sabbi Elena 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this work, we present 299 candidate young stellar objects (YSOs) in 30 Doradus discovered using Spitzer and Herschel point-source catalogs, 276 of which are new. We study the parental giant molecular clouds in which these YSO candidates form using recently published Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Cycle 7 observations of 12CO and 13CO. The threshold for star formation in 30 Doradus inferred by the LTE-based mass surface density is 178 M
⊙ pc−2, 40% higher than the threshold for star formation in the Milky Way. This increase in star formation threshold in comparison to the Milky Way and increase in line width seen in clumps 11 pc away in comparison to clumps 45 pc away from the R136 super star cluster could be due to injected turbulent energy, increase in interstellar medium pressure, and/or local magnetic field strength. Of the 299 YSO candidates in this work, 62% are not associated with 12CO molecular gas. This large fraction can be explained by the fact that 75%–97% of the H2 gas is not traced by CO. We fit a Kroupa initial mass function to the YSO candidates and find that the total integrated stellar mass is 18,000 M
⊙ and that the region has a star formation rate (SFR) of 0.18 M
⊙ yr−1. The initial mass function determined here applies to the four 150″ × 150″ (37.5 pc × 37.5 pc) subfields and one 150″ × 75″ (37.5 pc × 18.8 pc) subfield observed with ALMA. The SFR in 30 Doradus has increased in the past few million years.
White Dwarfs with Infrared Excess from LAMOST Data Release 5
Authors: Wang 汪 Lin 琳 , Zhang 张 Xiaoxia 小霞 , Wang 王 Junfeng 俊峰 , Zhang 张 Zhi-Xiang 志翔 , Fang 方 Taotao 陶陶 , Gu 顾 Wei-Min 为民 , Guo 郭 Jincheng 金承 , Jiang 姜 Xiaochuan 小川 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Infrared (IR) excess is an important probe for substellar companions and/or debris disks around white dwarfs (WDs). Such systems are still rare, so an in-depth understanding of their formation and long-term evolution has yet to be developed. One of the largest spectroscopic surveys, carried out by the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fibre Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST), has recently released more than 3000 WDs, a significant fraction of which have not been searched for IR excess. Here, we present a cross-correlation between the LAMOST Data Release 5 WD catalog and Pan-STARRS, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), the UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey, the Two-Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS), and the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE). By performing spectral energy distribution fittings for 846 WDs with WISE detections, we identify 50 candidates with IR excess, including seven candidate WD+M dwarf binaries, 31 candidate WD+brown dwarf (BD) binaries, and 12 candidate WD+dust disk systems. Eight of the dust disk systems are our new identifications. By utilizing a systematic survey with accurate stellar parameters derived from spectral fitting, our work is an important addition to previous searches for IR excess from SDSS and Gaia WDs, and it provides a significant (≳8%) complement to the current database of WDs with candidate BD companions and dust disks. The frequencies of the WD+BD binaries and the WD+dust disk systems are constrained to be ≲3.7% and ∼1.4%, respectively. The properties of the candidate dust disk systems are discussed. All of our candidates require follow-up observations for confirmation, owing to the limited spatial resolution of WISE.
The Origins of Calcium-rich Supernovae From Disruptions of CO White Dwarfs by Hybrid He–CO White Dwarfs
Authors: Zenati Yossef , Perets Hagai B. , Dessart Luc , Jacobson-Galán Wynn V. , Toonen Silvia , Rest Armin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Calcium-rich explosions are very faint (M
B ∼ −15.5), type I supernovae (SNe) showing strong Ca lines, mostly observed in old stellar environments. Several models for such SNe have been explored and debated, but none were able to reproduce consistently the observed properties of Ca-rich SNe, nor their rates and host-galaxy distributions. Here we show that the disruptions of low-mass carbon–oxygen (CO) white dwarfs (WDs) by hybrid helium–CO (HeCO) WDs during their merger could explain the origin and properties of such SNe. We make use of detailed multidimensional hydrodynamical-thermonuclear (FLASH) simulations to characterize such explosions. We find that the accretion of CO material onto an HeCO-WD heats its He shell and eventually leads to its “weak” detonation and ejection and the production of a sub-energetic ∼1049 erg Ca-rich SN, while leaving the CO core of the HeCO-WD intact as a hot remnant WD, possibly giving rise to X-ray emission as it cools down. We model the detailed light curves and spectra of such explosions and find excellent agreement with the observations of Ia/c Ca-rich, and potentially Ib Ca-rich, SNe. We thereby provide a viable, consistent model for the origins of Ca-rich SNe. These findings can shed new light on the role of Ca-rich SNe in the chemical evolution of galaxies and the intracluster medium, and their contribution to the observed 511 Kev signal in the galaxy originating from positrons produced from 44Ti decay. Finally, the origins of such SNe points to the key role of HeCO-WDs as SN progenitors and their potential role as progenitors of other thermonuclear SNe including normal Ia.
GRB 200829A: External-shock Origin of the Very Early Prompt Emission?
Authors: Li Jing , Lin Da-Bin , Lu Rui-Jing , Jiang Lu-Yao , Liang Wen-Qiang , Chen Zhi-Lin , Li Xiao-Yan , Wang Xiang-Gao , Liang En-Wei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Long-duration GRB 200829A was detected by Fermi-GBM and Swift-BAT/XRT, and then rapidly observed by other ground-based telescopes. It has a weak γ-ray emission in the very early phase and is followed by a bright spiky γ-ray emission pulse. The radiation spectrum of the very early emission is best fitted by a power-law function with index ∼−1.7. However, the bright spiky γ-ray pulse, especially the time around the peak, exhibits a distinct two-component radiation spectrum, i.e., Band function combined with a blackbody radiation spectrum. We infer the photospheric properties and reveal a medium magnetization at a photospheric position by adopting the initial size of the outflow as r
0 = 109 cm. It implies that the Band component in this pulse may be formed during the dissipation of the magnetic field. The power-law radiation spectra found in the very early prompt emission may imply the external-shock origination of this phase. Then, we perform the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method fitting on the light curves of this burst, where the jet corresponding to the γ-ray pulse at around 20 s is used to refresh the external shock. It is shown that the light curves of the very early phase and X-ray afterglow after 40 s, involving the X-ray bump at around 100 s, can be well modeled in the external-shock scenario. For the obtained initial outflow, we estimate the minimum magnetization factor of the jet based on the fact that the photospheric emission of this jet is missed in the very early phase.
The Runaway Greenhouse on Sub-Neptune Waterworlds
Authors: Pierrehumbert Raymond T. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The implications of the water vapor runaway greenhouse phenomenon for water-rich sub-Neptunes are developed. In particular, the nature of the postrunaway equilibration process for planets that have an extremely high water inventory is addressed. Crossing the threshold from subrunaway to superrunaway conditions leads to a transition from equilibrated states with cold, deep liquid oceans and deep interior ice-X phases to states with hot supercritical fluid interiors. There is a corresponding marked inflation of radius for a given mass, similar to the runaway greenhouse radius inflation effect noted earlier for terrestrial planets, but in the present case the inflation involves the entire interior of the planet. The calculation employs the AQUA equation-of-state database to simplify the internal structure calculation. Some speculations concerning the effect of H2 admixture, silicate cores, and hot- versus cold-start evolution trajectories are offered. Observational implications are discussed though the search for the mass–radius signature of the phenomena considered is limited by degeneracies and by lack of data.
Multistage Reconnection Powering a Solar Coronal Jet
Authors: Long David M. , Chitta Lakshmi Pradeep , Baker Deborah , Hannah Iain G. , Ngampoopun Nawin , Berghmans David , Zhukov Andrei N. , Teriaca Luca 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Coronal jets are short-lived eruptive features commonly observed in polar coronal holes and are thought to play a key role in the transfer of mass and energy into the solar corona. We describe unique contemporaneous observations of a coronal blowout jet seen by the Extreme Ultraviolet Imager (EUI) on board the Solar Orbiter (SO) spacecraft and the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). The coronal jet erupted from the south polar coronal hole, and was observed with high spatial and temporal resolution by both instruments. This enabled identification of the different stages of a breakout reconnection process producing the observed jet. We find bulk plasma flow kinematics of ∼100–200 km s−1 across the lifetime of its observed propagation, with a distinct kink in the jet where it impacted and was subsequently guided by a nearby polar plume. We also identify a faint faster feature ahead of the bulk plasma motion propagating with a velocity of ∼715 km s−1, which we attribute to untwisting of newly reconnected field lines during the eruption. A differential emission measure (DEM) analysis using the SDO/AIA observations revealed a very weak jet signal, indicating that the erupting material was likely much cooler than the coronal passbands used to derive the DEM. This is consistent with the very bright appearance of the jet in the Lyα passband observed by SO/EUI. The DEM was used to estimate the radiative thermal energy of the source region of the coronal jet, finding a value of ∼2 × 1024 erg, comparable to the energy of a nanoflare.
La mobilisation du design thinking pour favoriser l’innovation dans l’enseignement supérieur : étude de dispositifs « plateformes d’innovation »
Authors: Lameta Nathalie , Luisi Graziella 
Published: February 2023

Encouragés par les pouvoirs publics, les établissements d’enseignement supérieur évoluent pour diffuser la culture de l’innovation sur les territoires. L’observation des pratiques aux niveaux international et national montre une tendance croissante à la création de plateformes d’innovation afin de favoriser la création de savoirs et d’expériences au sein d’espaces d’expérimentation collective en mobilisant le design thinking. Ces plateformes se structurent autour d’équipes pluridisciplinaires, de lieux dédiés à l’innovation et au passage à l’acte ainsi que de méthodes « user centric », spécifiques à l’émergence d’innovations d’usage. Afin d’éclairer ce phénomène, relativement récent en France et peu traité dans la littérature, nous avons mené une recherche exploratoire, visant à identifier les ressources organisationnelles indispensables à la conception de plateformes d’innovation en adoptant une approche empirique et comparative.
L’innovation dans la procédure d’évaluation des connaissances à l’aune de la montée dans la chaîne de valeur des connaissances : étude de cas dans le domaine des sciences et techniques des données
Authors: Saulais Pierre 
Published: February 2023

Une exploration de l’application des principes fondamentaux du Knowledge Management pour les organisations à une application d'ingénierie pédagogique innovante concernant l’évaluation des connaissances a été menée dans une double expérimentation de recherche-action, en parallèle du déroulement de l’enseignement d’un cours de Sciences et Techniques des Données. Le chercheur (en sciences humaines) prend alors son propre enseignement (de sciences de l’ingénieur en tant qu’expert technique) comme objet de recherche (en sciences de gestion des connaissances) : de façon complémentaire à la transmission de connaissances, l’enseignant-chercheur doit devenir un acteur de la connaissance en évaluation de connaissances, au sens profond de la possibilité d’activation de ces connaissances par ses étudiants dans un futur contexte professionnel de type résolution de problème technique. En s’auto-appliquant sa méthode de stimulation de la créativité, l’auteur-chercheur permet à l’auteur-enseignant d’élaborer un énoncé d’examen propre à évaluer, en sortie de cours, les capacités constituant formellement les pré-requis des cours des années suivantes.
L’exploitation salariale dans une économie globalisée : le cas de la France
Authors: Le Masne Pierre 
Published: February 2023

Cet article mesure de façon nouvelle l’exploitation des salariés dans une économie globalisée. La « valeur nouvellement créée » de Marx est reliée à la valeur ajoutée nette de la comptabilité nationale. Il est tenu compte de changements survenus depuis un siècle et demi, comme l’accroissement du rôle de l’État et la salarisation des cadres dirigeants. Le cadre général d’analyse est mondial et l’exploitation comporte une dimension internationale. Le profit dans les pays dominants provient pour partie de l’étranger et en particulier des pays à bas salaires. La méthode décrite est appliquée à la France en 2018.
L’accompagnant scolaire des élèves à besoins éducatifs particuliers en situation d’intermétiers
Authors: Frangieh Basma , Akiki Joumana 
Published: February 2023

L’Accompagnant scolaire (AS) des élèves ayant des Besoins éducatifs particuliers (BEP) est un nouveau professionnel dont le statut n’est pas encore défini au niveau législatif au Liban. Il fait face à des situations professionnelles complexes qui génèrent des dilemmes et des tensions dans un espace commun qu’il est appelé à partager dans ses pratiques quotidiennes, en particulier avec l’enseignant. Nous avons recours à une analyse secondaire des données de nos recherches antérieures afin de comprendre comment sa situation professionnelle évolue dans l’intermétiers, à la lumière de deux axes de réflexion, à savoir l’organisation du travail et la collaboration interprofessionnelle. L’analyse montre que l’exercice du métier de l’accompagnant scolaire ne suit pas un seul modèle et présente des fluctuations selon les établissements scolaires ; trois profils différents de la dynamique de travail AS/enseignant ont été retenus.
Quels soutiens au développement de pratiques inclusives ?
Authors: Allenbach Marco , Gabola Piera , Leblanc Mireille , Rebetez Frédérique 
Published: February 2023

L'éducation inclusive implique l'intervention de divers professionnels, et leur collaboration, pour répondre à la diversité des besoins des élèves. Mais quels sont les besoins des professionnels pour relever les défis de cette éducation inclusive ? Nous proposons un cadre conceptuel destiné à analyser les soutiens à l'activité des professionnels de l'éducation, à partir d'une synthèse d'approches psychologiques et sociologiques, en distinguant les sources de soutiens (provenant d'individus ou de collectifs), les types de soutiens (selon les besoins auxquels ils répondent) et les processus de construction de relations soutenantes. Ces concepts, illustrés par le récit de pratique d'une enseignante ressource, offrent quelques repères pour l'accompagnement des professionnels et les transformations organisationnelles visant à affiner l'efficience des pratiques inclusives et collaboratives.
Collaboration et travail d’équipe : concepts et réalités des pratiques dans les écoles inclusives libanaises
Authors: Rafie Nader Sabine 
Published: February 2023

L’objet général de cette recherche est centré sur la documentation des modes de collaboration existants entre les rééducateurs, les enseignants et les parents dans les écoles privées libanaises intégrant des élèves atteints d’une paralysie cérébrale (IMC) afin d’étudier leur pertinence quant aux besoins éducatifs reliés à l’atteinte de ces apprenants. C’est une recherche de type exploratoire basée sur l’étude de cas multiples. Les résultats de l’analyse des données recueillies reflètent l’existence d’une divergence chez les acteurs concernant leur perception des concepts de l’équipe et de la collaboration . Ces concepts sont influencés par leur pratique de travail, leur investissement personnel et la politique de l’établissement scolaire. Au terme de cette étude nous proposons une série de recommandations pour promouvoir la collaboration au sein de ces quatre équipes de travail.
Les neutralités de l’entreprise, convictionnelle, commerciale ou managériale
Authors: Delgrange Xavier 
Published: February 2023

L’entreprise qui entend imposer une politique de neutralité à ses employés peut emprunter deux chemins que la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne a balisés au sein de la directive « anti-discrimination ». Suivant le premier, l’employeur assume restreindre au nom de ses propres convictions la liberté de conscience et de religion de certains de ses employés. Il se revendique de la notion d’entreprise de tendance pour déroger à l’interdiction de discriminer. Empruntant le second, l’employeur peut imposer la neutralité dans un but commercial, afin de prendre en compte les attentes de sa clientèle (voie ouverte par les arrêts Bougnaoui et Achbita ), ou à des fins managériales, en vue de garantir la paix sociale et d’assurer le bon fonctionnement de son entreprise (piste validée par l’arrêt Wabe ).
La reconnaissance de l’immunité de juridiction du Saint-Siège dans le contexte des abus sexuels dans l’Église
Authors: Demaria Tiphaine 
Published: February 2023

Le 12 octobre 2021, la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme a rendu un arrêt inédit relatif à l’immunité de juridiction du Saint-Siège. La Cour était saisie de la violation de l’article 6 de la Convention à l’encontre de la Belgique, dont les juridictions avaient reconnu l’immunité de juridiction du siège apostolique de Rome et donc écarté la demande d’indemnisation formulée par plusieurs requérants, victimes d’abus sexuels. L’arrêt de la Cour se distingue, d’une part, par l’octroi d’immunités étatiques au Saint-Siège, chose qui n’avait rien d’évident au regard du statut contesté de cette entité sui generis . D’autre part, en se fondant sur une jurisprudence bien établie, la Cour considère que les juridictions belges ne se sont pas écartées des principes du droit international en rejetant les exceptions à l’immunité invoquées par les demandeurs. Sur ces deux aspects, on peut souligner la faiblesse du contrôle opéré par la Cour, que l’on peut déplorer au regard des enjeux de la cause.
Role of Dental Discomfort Questionnaire-Based Approach in Recognition of Symptomatic Expressions Due to Dental Pain in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Penmetsa Chandana , Penmetcha Sarada , Cheruku Sampath Reddy , Mallineni Sreekanth Kumar , Patil Anil Kumar , Namineni Srinivas 
Published: February 2023

Aim:
The aim of this study is to investigate whether the Dental Discomfort Questionnaire (DDQ) could help to identify toothaches in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Materials and Methods:
This study involved sixty children between the age groups of 6–16 years, attending the day-care schools diagnosed with ASD. Five different groups of children were identified based on the presence of a toothache and/or carious teeth. The DDQ-8 was completed by parents and evaluated by a single examiner. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (SPSS version 17), and a correlation was observed between the total DDQ score and the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (dmft–DMFT) score.

Results:
Analysis of the data showed that DDQ-8 had a significant correlation with that of DMFT score in a group “with carious teeth but no toothache” (r = 0.497, P = 0.019) and group “with carious teeth and a toothache” (r = 0.682 P = 0.043). A group “without carious teeth where the parents were not sure whether or not the child had a toothache” had higher mean compared to other groups with DDQ-8 scores.

Conclusion:
There was a significant difference in the total mean DDQ scores when they were compared with that of the control group. Children with high DDQ-8 often had a high DMFT/dmft score. A significant correlation was found when the total DDQ-8 scores were compared with that of the DMFT score.
Comparative Evaluation of Boric Acid Gel versus Chlorhexidine Gel in the Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis
Authors: Mamajiwala Alefiya , Sethi Kunal Sunder , Mahale Swapna A. , Raut Chetan Purushottam , Karde Prerna A. , Kale Aishwarya M. 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Over the years, various antimicrobials have been tried and tested in the treatment of periodontitis. Chlorhexidine (CHX) has emerged as the gold standard. In recent years, trend has shifted toward the use of agents with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and osteoblastic activity. Boric acid (BA) is one such agent which possess all such properties and thus been evaluated in the treatment of periodontitis.

Aim and Objective:
The aim of the study is to compare and evaluate the efficacy of 0.75% BA gel versus 1% CHX gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in patients with chronic periodontitis both clinically and microbiologically.

Materials and Methods:
The present study was a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial where 45 systemically healthy patients with chronic periodontitis were included in the study. About 15 patients each were divided into three groups, that is, Group I received BA gel, Group II received CHX gel, and Group III received placebo gel as a local drug delivery agent. Clinical parameters such as gingival index, plaque index, modified sulcus bleeding index, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment level were evaluated at baseline and 6-month follow-up. Microbiological analysis to check for mixed anaerobic flora was done using subgingival plaque samples at baseline and 3 months after treatment.

Results:
Significant reduction was seen in all clinical parameters in both BA and CHX gel groups as compared to control group (P < 0.05). However, on comparing BA gel group with CHX gel, the results were statistically insignificant (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
BA gel and CHX gel both were equally effective in improving the clinical and microbiologic parameters in patients with chronic periodontitis when used as a local drug delivery agent.