bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A daily examination of executive functioning and chronotype in bedtime procrastination
Authors: Carlson Steven E , Suchy Yana , Baron Kelly Glazer , Johnson Kimberley T , Williams Paula G 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Study Objectives
Bedtime procrastination, or delays in bedtime not attributable to external obligations, is a behavioral tendency that undermines sleep and is conceptualized as a consequence of poor self-regulation. Prior studies investigating the mechanistic role of self-regulation in bedtime procrastination relied on cross-sectional methods and self-reported self-regulation. The present study examined the association between bedtime procrastination and both objective and self-reported executive functioning (EF) as indices of self-regulation, as well as the moderating role of chronotype, using methods that examined these associations at the daily level.

Methods
A total of 273 young adult participants (78% female; Mage = 24.4) completed daily measures of objective EF (i.e., Stroop task), self-reported EF (i.e., self-reported cognitive, behavioral, and emotional regulation difficulties), and bedtime procrastination over 14 days, in addition to measures of chronotype. Multilevel models were constructed to examine the associations between bedtime procrastination and EF, as well as EF-chronotype interactions.

Results
Poorer daily objective EF and self-reported behavioral regulation were associated with greater same-night bedtime procrastination. Additionally, poorer subjective cognitive and emotional regulation were associated with greater average bedtime procrastination across 14 days. Later chronotypes reported greater bedtime procrastination than early chronotypes.

Conclusions
The present study provides support for the association between EF and bedtime procrastination, but finds no evidence for the moderating role of chronotype in this association. Results suggest that some EF processes may be more relevant to bedtime procrastination than others. Current findings have implications for assessment and intervention for this consequential sleep-relevant behavioral tendency.
Polish family foundation—a grand finale of a long saga
Authors: Krzywański Tomasz , Gajdziński Krzysztof 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In January 2023, the Polish parliament passed the Act on the Family Foundation. After years of using private foundations in other European countries, Polish entrepreneurs finally have a domestic tool created for family succession. The purpose of the article is to assess, with a comparative approach, how the Polish legislator managed to regulate this institution against well-established solutions from other European countries. This article describes how the foundation operates and focuses on tax and international aspects of the new foundation law.
Cryptoactifs et appel public à l’épargne en zone CEMAC
Authors: Zogo Willy Stéphane 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Public offering (IPO) is a key mechanism in the functioning of the financial market. In the CEMAC zone, the related rules are plural and challenged by technological and financial developments such as crypto-assets. The present paper aims to demonstrate that, before the July 2022 reform of the financial market regulation, COSUMAF had a questionable legitimacy to regulate, and therefore to prohibit, fundraising involving crypto-assets. However, after this reform, the new provisions bring to the perimeter of the IPO some correctives that must nevertheless be well adjusted.
11Poetics
Authors: MacEachern Jessi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis chapter begins with an overview of 2022’s monumental place in the study of poetics, as marked by the centenary anniversary of T. S. Eliot’s The Waste Land and the publication of Dionne Brand’s Nomenclature: New and Collected Poems. From the retrospective celebration of literary modernism and the projective appraisal of new diasporic writing, this review then goes on to examine several new works in the field of poetics, including one journal article and five books. These works are investigated according to four major topics: 1. The Poetics of Inconvenience; 2. World-Building Poetics; 3. The Poetics of Articulation; and 4. Typewriter Poetics; before 5. Ending with a Joke. The case studies of the year’s work in poetics are wide in their array, such that they include modernist sound writing, suicidal ideations in film and literature, and digital trans of color bioart. Ultimately, however, these works are united by one tendency, which is to extend the field of poetics across populations, nations, and disciplines. What these works do is ‘loosen’ the concept of poetics: ‘to make it available to transition’ (Berlant, On the Inconvenience of Other People, p. 12), in order ‘to provide dimension, texture, and resonance for emergent and ongoing’ (p. 13) forms in the field.
Not All Acidovorax Are Created Equal: Gibberellin Biosynthesis in the Turfgrass Pathogen Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae
Authors: Ogonkov Andrei , Brosius Paula Emily , Zeng Quan , Sasso Severin , Nagel Raimund 
Published: May 2023

In recent years Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae was identified as a major cause of bacterial etiolation and decline (BED) in turfgrasses and has become a growing economical concern for the turfgrass industry. The symptoms of BED resemble those of “bakanae,” or foolish seedling disease, of rice ( Oryzae sativa), in which the gibberellins produced by the infecting fungus, Fusarium fujikuroi, contribute to the symptom development. Additionally, an operon coding for the enzymes necessary for bacterial gibberellin production was recently characterized in plant-pathogenic bacteria belonging to the γ-proteobacteria. We therefore investigated whether this gibberellin operon might be present in A. avenae subsp. avenae. A homolog of the operon has been identified in two turfgrass-infecting A. avenae subsp. avenae phylogenetic groups but not in closely related phylogenetic groups or strains infecting other plants. Moreover, even within these two phylogenetic groups, the operon presence is not uniform. For that reason, the functionality of the operon was examined in one strain of each turfgrass-infecting phylogenetic group ( A. avenae subsp. avenae strains KL3 and MD5). All nine operon genes were functionally characterized through heterologous expression in Escherichia coli and enzymatic activities were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. All enzymes were functional in both investigated strains, thus demonstrating the ability of phytopathogenic β-proteobacteria to produce biologically active GA4. This additional gibberellin produced by A. avenae subsp. avenae could disrupt phytohormonal balance and be a leading factor contributing to the pathogenicity on turf grasses. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Evaluating patients with vertigo
Authors: Ritz Howard 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Dizziness and vertigo are among the most common complaints in medicine. Patients often provide vague descriptions of symptoms, making clinicians' jobs challenging. However, a patient with vertigo also can be one of the most rewarding encounters of a clinician's day. In most cases, a focused history and bedside vestibular testing provide enough information to make a diagnosis and identify patients for appropriate referral. Canalith repositioning maneuvers often resolve symptoms, leaving patients and clinicians satisfied.
Hospice Nurse Ethics and Institutional Policies Toward Medical Aid in Dying
Authors: Abbott Jean , Kerwin Jeanne , Holden Constance , Battin Margaret Pabst , Miller Charles , Pope Thaddeus Mason 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT:
A significant number of hospices in U.S. jurisdictions where medical aid in dying is legal have implemented policies that require nurses to leave the room when a patient ingests aid-in-dying medication. Two questions with ethical implications arise from these policies: (1) Is it ethically supportable for a hospice to require that staff leave the room while a patient ingests aid-in-dying medication? and (2) Does this requirement compromise the nurse's professional commitment to the patient and family?
This article reviews the origins of this common policy, as well as nursing codes of ethics and professional organization policy statements as they relate to nursing commitments to patients. It finds that an institutional policy requiring nurses to leave the room while a patient ingests aid-in-dying medication risks violating professional nursing standards, reinforces stigma regarding medical aid in dying, and potentially abandons patients and loved ones at a critical time in their passage toward a desired and legal death. The authors describe a case that depicts these three potential risks, concluding that even if such policies are not legally prohibited by state aid-in-dying statutes, hospices should eliminate them or at least be transparent about the practice and its rationale before accepting patients who request medical aid in dying.
Nonsuicidal Self-Injury
Authors: Cummings Jo Ann F. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT:
Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is an area of growing concern for the health care community, as evidenced by its identification as a Healthy People 2030 objective and as a condition for further study in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. In the past, nurses may have identified patients who cut or harmed themselves as having suicidal intent, yet NSSI is increasingly recognized and investigated as a separate disorder. This article provides an overview of NSSI, including information about risk factors, clinical assessment, and preventive efforts.
Pharmacotherapeutics for dyslipidemia management
Authors: El Hussein Mohamed Toufic , Sharma Aditi , Parmar Komal , Shelat Krupa 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Effective management of dyslipidemia is of paramount importance to prevent cardiovascular (CV) complications. Using current clinical practice guidelines is recommended to correct lipid levels and prevent further pathologic processes. This article presents an overview of treatment options for patients with dyslipidemia and CV disease, with a special focus on the following drug classes: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (also called statins), cholesterol absorption inhibitors (ezetimibe), bile acid sequestrants, fibrates, icosapent ethyl, and PCSK9 inhibitors.
Association of the United States Affordable Care Act Dependent Coverage Provision with Labor Neuraxial Analgesia Use
Authors: Guglielminotti Jean , Daw Jamie R. , Landau Ruth , Friedman Alexander M. , Li Guohua 
Published: May 2023

Background
Providing continuous health insurance coverage during the perinatal period may increase access to and utilization of labor neuraxial analgesia. This study tested the hypothesis that implementation of the 2010 Dependent Coverage Provision of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, requiring private health insurers to allow young adults to remain on their parent’s plan until age 26 yr, was associated with increased labor neuraxial analgesia use.

Methods
This study used a natural experiment design and birth certificate data for spontaneous vaginal deliveries in 28 U.S. states between 2009 and 2013. The intervention was the Dependent Coverage Provision, categorized into pre- and postintervention periods (January 2009 to August 2010 and September 2010 to December 2013, respectively). The exposure was women’s age, categorized as exposed (21 to 25 yr) and unexposed (27 to 31 yr). The outcome was the labor neuraxial analgesia utilization rate.

Results
Of the 4,515,667 birth certificates analyzed, 3,033,129 (67.2%) indicated labor neuraxial analgesia use. For women aged 21 to 25 yr, labor neuraxial analgesia utilization rates were 64.9% during the preintervention period and 68.9% during the postintervention period (difference, 4.0%; 95% CI, 3.9 to 4.2). For women aged 27 to 31 yr, labor neuraxial analgesia utilization rates were 64.9% during the preintervention period and 67.7% during the postintervention period (difference, 2.8%; 95% CI, 2.7 to 2.9). After adjustment, implementation of the Dependent Coverage Provision was associated with a 1.0% (95% CI, 0.8 to 1.2) absolute increase in labor neuraxial analgesia utilization rate among women aged 21 to 25 yr compared with women aged 27 to 31 yr. The increase was statistically significant for White and Hispanic women but not for Black and Other race and ethnicity women.

Conclusions
Implementation of the Dependent Coverage Provision was associated with a statistically significant increase in labor neuraxial analgesia use, but the small effect size is unlikely of clinical significance.

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Pericytes may facilitate SARS-CoV-2 entry into the nervous system
Authors: Kang Zijian , Wang Jing , Meng Tong , Zhang Hao , Xu Da , Gong Haiyi , Chang Zhenyan , Li Zifu , Cui Xingang , Xiao Jianru , Qureshi Adnan I. , Zhou Wang , Liu Jianmin , Xu Huji 
Published: May 2023

Objective:
Although the neurological and olfactory symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 have been identified, the neurotropic properties of the causative virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), remain unknown. We sought to identify the susceptible cell types and potential routes of SARS-CoV-2 entry into the central nervous system, olfactory system, and respiratory system.

Methods:
We collected single-cell RNA data from normal brain and nasal epithelium specimens, along with bronchial, tracheal, and lung specimens in public datasets. The susceptible cell types that express SARS-CoV-2 entry genes were identified using single-cell RNA sequencing and the expression of the key genes at protein levels was verified by immunohistochemistry. We compared the coexpression patterns of the entry receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and the spike protein priming enzyme transmembrane serine protease (TMPRSS)/cathepsin L among the specimens.

Results:
The SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor ACE2 and the spike protein priming enzyme TMPRSS/cathepsin L were coexpressed by pericytes in brain tissue; this coexpression was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. In the nasal epithelium, ciliated cells and sustentacular cells exhibited strong coexpression of ACE2 and TMPRSS. Neurons and glia in the brain and nasal epithelium did not exhibit coexpression of ACE2 and TMPRSS. However, coexpression was present in ciliated cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and fibroblasts in tracheal tissue; ciliated cells and goblet cells in bronchial tissue; and alveolar epithelium type 1 cells, AT2 cells, and ciliated cells in lung tissue.

Conclusion:
Neurological symptoms in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 could be associated with SARS-CoV-2 invasion across the blood-brain barrier via pericytes. Additionally, SARS-CoV-2-induced olfactory disorders could be the result of localized cell damage in the nasal epithelium.
Geographical Associations of HIV Prevalence in Female Sex Workers From Nairobi, Kenya (2014–2017)
Authors: Shaw Souradet Y. , Reed Neil , Wanjiru Tabitha , Muriuki Festus , Munyao Julius , Akolo Maureen , Tago Achieng , Gelmon Lawrence , Kimani Joshua , McKinnon Lyle R. 
Published: May 2023

Background:Kenya's HIV epidemic is heterogeneously distributed. Although HIV incidence in Kenya has shown signs of recent decline, focused interventions are still needed for female sex workers (FSWs). Geospatially informed approaches have been advocated for targeted HIV prevention. We quantified heterogeneity in HIV burden in Nairobi-based FSWs by place of origin within Kenya and hotspots and residence within Nairobi.Methods:Data were collected as part of enrolment in the Sex Workers Outreach Program in Nairobi between 2014 and 2017. Prevalence ratios were used to quantify the risk of HIV by high-prevalence counties using modified Poisson regression analyses. Crude and fully adjusted models were fitted to the data. In heterogeneity analyses, hotspots and residences were aggregated to the Nairobi constituency level (n = 17). Inequality in the geographic distribution of HIV prevalence was measured using the Gini coefficient.Results:A total of 11,899 FSWs were included. Overall HIV prevalence was 16%. FSWs originating from a high-prevalence country were at 2-fold increased risk of living with HIV in adjusted analysis (prevalence ratio 1.95; 95% CI: 1.76 to 2.17). HIV prevalence was also highly heterogeneous by hotspot, ranging from 7% to 52% by hotspot (Gini coefficient: 0.37; 95% CI: 0.23 to 0.50). By contrast, the constituency of residence had a Gini coefficient of 0.08 (95% CI: 0.06 to 0.10), suggesting minimal heterogeneity by residence.Conclusion:HIV prevalence in FSWs is heterogeneous by place of work within Nairobi and by county of birth within Kenya. As HIV incidence declines and financial commitments flatline, tailoring interventions to FSWs at highest HIV risk becomes increasingly important.
The Association of Grit With Burnout Components (Professional Efficacy, Exhaustion, and Cynicism) Among Academic Rheumatologists
Authors: Miyawaki Yoshia , Sada Ken-ei , Shidahara Kenta , Nawachi Shoichi , Asano Yosuke , Katayama Yu , Hayashi Keigo , Katsuyama Eri , Katsuyama Takayuki , Takano-Narazaki Mariko , Matsumoto Yoshinori , Oguro Nao , Yajima Nobuyuki , Ishikawa Yuichi , Sakurai Natsuki , Hidekawa Chiharu , Yoshimi Ryusuke , Ichikawa Takanori , Kishida Dai , Shimojima Yasuhiro , Wada Jun , Kurita Noriaki 
Published: May 2023

Objectives
There is a high prevalence of burnout among rheumatologists. Grit, which is defined as possessing perseverance and a passion to achieve long-term goals, is predictive of success in many professions; however, whether grit is associated with burnout remains unclear, especially among academic rheumatologists, who have multiple simultaneous responsibilities. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the associations between grit and self-reported burnout components—professional efficacy, exhaustion, and cynicism—in academic rheumatologists.

Methods
This cross-sectional study involved 51 rheumatologists from 5 university hospitals. The exposure was grit, measured using mean scores for the 8-item Short Grit Scale (range, 1–5 [5 = extremely high grit]). The outcome measures were mean scores for 3 burnout domains (exhaustion, professional efficacy, and cynicism; range, 1–6; measured using the 16-item Maslach Burnout Inventory–General Survey). General linear models were fitted with covariates (age, sex, job title [assistant professor or higher vs lower], marital status, and having children).

Results
Overall, 51 physicians (median age, 45 years; interquartile range, 36–57; 76% men) were included. Burnout positivity was found in 68.6% of participants (n = 35/51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 54.1, 80.9). Higher grit was associated with higher professional efficacy (per 1-point increase; 0.51 point; 95% CI, 0.18, 0.84) but not with exhaustion or cynicism. Being male and having children were associated with lower exhaustion (−0.69; 95% CI, −1.28, −0.10; p = 0.02; and −0.85; 95% CI, −1.46, −0.24; p = 0.006). Lower job title (fellow or part-time lecturer) was associated with higher cynicism (0.90; 95% CI, 0.04, 1.75; p = 0.04).

Conclusions
Grit is associated with higher professional efficacy among academic rheumatologists. To prevent burnout among staff, supervisors who manage academic rheumatologists should assess their staff's individual grit.
Characterizing Clinical Trials in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Authors: Cai Lawrence Z. , Patel Ashraf A. , Thirunavu Vineeth M. , Hug Nicholas F. , Song Siyou , Li Jennifer , Barghout Robert R. , Magnani Christopher J. , Turner Brandon E. , Steinberg Jecca R. , Lee Gordon K. 
Published: May 2023

Background
Clinical trials form the backbone of evidence-based medicine. ClinicalTrials.gov is the world's largest clinical trial registry, and the state of clinical trials in plastic and reconstructive surgery (PRS) within that database has not been comprehensively studied. To that end, we explored the distribution of therapeutic areas that are under investigation, impact of funding on study design and data reporting, and trends in research patterns of all PRS interventional clinical trials registered with ClinicalTrials.gov.

Methods
Using the ClinicalTrials.gov database, we identified and extracted all clinical trials relevant to PRS that were submitted between 2007 and 2020. Studies were classified based on anatomic locations, therapeutic categories, and specialty topics. Cox proportional hazard was used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for early discontinuation and results reporting.

Results
A total of 3224 trials that included 372,095 participants were identified. The PRS trials grew at an annual rate of 7.9%. The therapeutic classes most represented were wound healing (41.3%) and cosmetics (18.1%). Funding for PRS clinical trials is largely provided through academic institutions (72.7%), while industry and US government constituted a minority. Industry-funded studies were more likely to be discontinued early than those funded by academics (HR, 1.89) or government (HR, 1.92) and to be nonblinded and nonrandomized. Academic-funded studies were the least likely to report results data within 3 years of trial completion (odds ratio, 0.87).

Conclusions
A gulf exists in the representation of different PRS specialties among clinical trials. We highlight the role of funding source in trial design and data reporting to identify a potential source of financial waste and to stress the need for continued appropriate oversight.