bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Total excavation of a later prehistoric enclosure at Braehead, Glasgow
Authors: Ellis Clare , Anthony Iona , Breen Ann , Crone Anne , Dore John , Engl Rob , Hunter Fraser , McLaren Dawn , MacSween Ann , Madella Marco , Sanderson David , Vaughan-Williams Alys 
Published: April 2023

Total excavation revealed a later prehistoric multi-ditched and multi-palisaded enclosure succeeded by unenclosed settlement. Despite the obvious investment of time and labour in the construction of the numerous palisades and three large concentric ditches episodic, seasonal use of the site is strongly indicated. Total artefact retrieval produced a cannel coal assemblage which has thrown light on the manufacture of the cannel coal bracelets so typical of later prehistoric sites in west-central Scotland.
Medieval archaeological features at Dunglass Burn, Borders Region, Scotland
Authors: Tipping Richard , Henderson D 
Published: April 2023

An assemblage of small archaeological features from an eroding coastal section on the Dunglass Burn, near Cockburnspath, in south-east Scotland is described. The immediacy of the threat from coastal storms necessitated a salvage excavation of the features, and because this approach may be increasingly needed given the impacts of global climate change, this approach is evaluated. One component of the assemblage is a series of four small, well preserved wood charcoal accumulations resting on bedrock. A fragment of Corylus (hazel) from one accumulation is 14C dated to 1010–1190 cal AD. These are interpreted as beacon fires used to guide fishing boats landing on this rocky coast. The second component of the assemblage is a collection of large mammal bones, which includes both wild and domestic animals. Some bones have been worked by human beings. An antler of red deer (Cervus elaphus) is 14C dated to 980–1160 cal AD. The stratigraphic and dating controls indicate that the two components are contemporary but no clear causal link between the fires and thefaunal remains can be established. The absence of archaeological features after c 1100 cal AD may reflect abandonment through increasing numbers or impacts of coastal storms, demonstrated from the sediment stratigraphy, but equally this part of the coast may have ceased to be used because of its catastrophic inundation by flood sediments descending the burn.
Fragments of a 13th-century choir screen at Dundrennan Abbey
Authors: Markus Mary 
Published: April 2023

The Cistercian Abbey at Dundrennan (NX747 474) has a very large collection of ex situ carved and moulded stones. While this collection was being catalogued (2003–6), a group of about 20 pieces, most of them of a substantial size, were found to be related and are now stored in one of the vaults along the west side of the cloisters at Dundrennan. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that these fragments came from a two-sided screen with miniature vaults and a processional doorway, to discuss sources and to date the screen.
'The original may yet be discovered': seven Bronze Age swords supposedly from Netherley, Kincardineshire
Authors: Curtis Neil G W 
Published: April 2023

Among the leaf-shaped swords in the collections of the University of Aberdeen are three that have been recorded as having similar provenances in Kincardineshire. University museum records show that they have been described in very different ways over the two centuries since the first of them was reported as a ‘Roman gladius’. Since then discussion has varied, now focusing on whether they were made in the later Bronze Age or if they are recent replicas. Through a combination of metallurgical analysis and archival research, this paper untangles the stories of the swords. From what can now be shown to have been a single original sword, at least six copies were made; in addition to the two in the University, four reached the collections of other museums, making this perhaps the largest known group of 19th-century replica prehistoric metalwork from the British Isles. The history of these swords demonstrates changing attitudes of antiquarians and archaeologists to the distant past, particularly the shift from an interest in links to Roman invaders, founded in Classical sources, to the search for indigenous histories.
Multimodal investigation of melanopsin retinal ganglion cells in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: La Morgia Chiara , Mitolo Micaela , Romagnoli Martina , Stanzani Maserati Michelangelo , Evangelisti Stefania , De Matteis Maddalena , Capellari Sabina , Bianchini Claudio , Testa Claudia , Vandewalle Gilles , Santoro Aurelia , Carbonelli Michele , D'Agati Pietro , Filardi Marco , Avanzini Pietro , Barboni Piero , Zenesini Corrado , Baccari Flavia , Liguori Rocco , Tonon Caterina , Lodi Raffaele , Carelli Valerio 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveIn Alzheimer's disease (AD), the presence of circadian dysfunction is well‐known and may occur early in the disease course. The melanopsin retinal ganglion cell (mRGC) system may play a relevant role in contributing to circadian dysfunction. In this study, we aimed at evaluating, through a multimodal approach, the mRGC system in AD at an early stage of disease.MethodsWe included 29 mild–moderate AD (70.9 ± 11 years) and 26 (70.5 ± 8 years) control subjects. We performed an extensive neurophtalmological evaluation including optical coherence tomography with ganglion cell layer segmentation, actigraphic evaluation of the rest‐activity rhythm, chromatic pupillometry analyzed with a new data‐fitting approach, and brain functional MRI combined with light stimuli assessing the mRGC system.ResultsWe demonstrated a significant thinning of the infero‐temporal sector of the ganglion cell layer in AD compared to controls. Moreover, we documented by actigraphy the presence of a circadian‐impaired AD subgroup. Overall, circadian measurements worsened by age. Chromatic pupillometry evaluation highlighted the presence of a pupil‐light response reduction in the rod condition pointing to mRGC dendropathy. Finally, brain fMRI showed a reduced occipital cortex activation with blue light particularly for the sustained responses.InterpretationOverall, the results of this multimodal innovative approach clearly document a dysfunctional mRGC system at early stages of disease as a relevant contributing factor for circadian impairment in AD providing also support to the use of light therapy in AD.
The correlation between intracranial arterial calcification and the outcome of reperfusion therapy
Authors: Du Heng , Zheng Jianrong , Li Xuelong , Bos Daniel , Yang Wenjie , Cheng Yajing , Liu Cong , Wong Lawrence Ka Sing , Hu Jun , Chen Xiangyan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveIntracranial arterial calcification (IAC) is a risk factor of ischemic stroke. However, the relationship between IAC patterns and clinical outcome of ischemic stroke remains controversial. We aimed to investigate the correlation between IAC patterns and the effects of reperfusion therapy among acute stroke patients.MethodsConsecutive acute ischemic stroke patients who underwent reperfusion therapy were included. IAC was categorized as intimal or medial. Based on its involvement, IAC was further classified as diffuse or focal. Neurologic dysfunction was assessed by the National Institute of Health stroke scale (NIHSS). Clinical outcome including favorable neurologic outcome (FNO) and early neurologic deterioration (END) were assessed.ResultsOf 130 patients, 117 had IAC. Intimal IAC was identified in 74.6% of patients and medial IAC was present in 64.6% of patients. Diffuse IAC was present in 31.5% of patients. All diffuse IACs were medial pattern. Diffuse IAC was associated with higher baseline NIHSS (p = 0.011) and less FNO (p = 0.047). Compared with patients with focal or single diffuse IAC, patients with multiple diffuse IAC had higher baseline NIHSS (p = 0.002) and less FNO (p = 0.024). Multivariable linear regression (p < 0.001) and logistic regression (p = 0.027) suggested that multiple diffuse IAC was associated with higher baseline NIHSS and less FNO. No significant association was found between END and different IAC patterns.InterpretationMultiple diffuse medial IAC may predict severer neurologic dysfunction and less favorable neurologic outcome after reperfusion therapy in acute stroke patients.
Health Equity Implications of Missing Data Among Youths With Childhood‐Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Proof‐of‐Concept Study in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry
Authors: Woo Jennifer M. P. , Simmonds Faith , Dennos Anne , Son Mary Beth F. , Lewandowski Laura B. , Rubinstein Tamar B. ,   for the CARRA Registry investigators
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveHealth disparities in childhood‐onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) disproportionately impact marginalized populations. Socioeconomically patterned missing data can magnify existing health inequities by supporting inferences that may misrepresent populations of interest. Our objective was to assess missing data and subsequent health equity implications among participants with childhood‐onset SLE enrolled in a large pediatric rheumatology registry.MethodsWe evaluated co‐missingness of 12 variables representing demographics, socioeconomic position, and clinical factors (e.g., disease‐related indices) using Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry childhood‐onset SLE enrollment data (2015–2022; n = 766). We performed logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for missing disease‐related indices at enrollment (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 [SLEDAI‐2K] and/or Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index [SDI]) associated with data missingness. We used linear regression to assess the association between socioeconomic factors and SLEDAI‐2K at enrollment using 3 analytic methods for missing data: complete case analysis, multiple imputation, and nonprobabilistic bias analyses, with missing values imputed to represent extreme low or high disadvantage.ResultsOn average, participants were missing 6.2% of data, with over 50% of participants missing at least 1 variable. Missing data correlated most closely with variables within data categories (i.e., demographic). Government‐assisted health insurance was associated with missing SLEDAI‐2K and/or SDI scores compared to private health insurance (OR 2.04 [95% CI 1.22, 3.41]). The different analytic approaches resulted in varying analytic sample sizes and fundamentally conflicting estimated associations.ConclusionOur results support intentional evaluation of missing data to inform effect estimate interpretation and critical assessment of causal statements that might otherwise misrepresent health inequities.
Research on soil moisture content combination prediction model based on ARIMA and BP neural networks
Authors: Wang Guowei , Han Yingxin , Chang Jing 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPredicting soil moisture accurately is the precondition of realizing accurate irrigation and improving the utilization rate of water resource and the necessary step of developing water‐saving agriculture, which can alleviate the water shortage in our agricultural effectively. In order to further improve the accuracy of soil water content prediction, a combined soil water content prediction model based on Autoregressive moving average model (ARIMA model) and back propagation neural network (BP neural network) neural network is proposed. The model considers the linear and nonlinear characteristics of soil water content data, combines them according to the characteristics of the model itself, gives full play to the advantages of ARIMA model and BP neural network. At the same time, two data smoothing methods were used to establish the ARIMA model, and the adaptive moment estimation algorithm (Adam algorithm) and mind evolutionary algorithm (MEA) optimization BP neural network model were used to propose an improved combined prediction model to predict soil water content data. The experimental results show that the average relative error of the improved combinatorial prediction model is 1.51%, which is 4.18%, 0.95% and 3.1% lower than the combinatorial prediction model, BP neural network model and ARIMA model, respectively, and the overall prediction effect is better, which can be used to save agricultural water and provide a strong basis for the development of water‐saving agriculture in China. At the same time, it can also ensure that crop production is increased and the purpose of national food security is guaranteed.
Anisotropic Interlayer Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya Interaction in Synthetic Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic Sandwiches
Authors: Yun Jijun , Cui Baoshan , Cui Qirui , He Xiaodong , Chang Yuhan , Zhu YingMei , Yan Ze , Guo Xi , Xie Hongfei , Zhang Jianrong , Bai Qiaoning , Zhai Yongbo , Xu Hengyi , Zuo Yalu , Yang Dezheng , Jia Chenglong , Yu Guoqiang , Wu Hao , Yang Hongxin , Xue Desheng , Xi Li 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) in ferromagnetic/non‐magnetic‐metal bilayers is essential to stabilize chiral spin textures for potential applications. Recent works reveal that the interlayer DMI is beneficial to designing 3D chiral spin textures that possess fundamental importance and the associated technological promises. Here, the interlayer DM constants are determined quantitatively in synthetic ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic Pt/Co/Pt/Ru/Pt/Co/Ta structures. The results demonstrate that the interlayer DMI shows uniaxial anisotropic characteristics. The first‐principles calculations elucidate that the anisotropic interlayer DMI is induced by the in‐plane symmetry breaking along two high symmetric directions, which favors the magnetization of adjacent ferromagnetic layers canting in different directions. The anisotropic interlayer DMI is also confirmed by spin‐orbit torque driven asymmetric magnetization switching. Moreover, the interlayer DMI can be tuned by the Ru‐layer‐thickness and beneficial to designing 3D spin textures for future spintronic devices.
State of Charge Estimation for Lithium‐Ion Batteries Based on an Adaptive Fractional‐Order Cubature Kalman Filter
Authors: Chai Haoyu , Gao Zhe , Miao Yue , Jiao Zhiyuan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBased on the fractional‐order model (FOM), this paper proposes an adaptive fractional‐order cubature Kalman filter (AFCKF) method for state of charge (SOC) estimation of a lithium‐ion battery (LIB). Firstly, a FOM with two constant phase elements is built, which can accurately represent the dynamic features of a LIB with a higher accuracy. Secondly, the adaptive estimations of the coefficients in the measurement equation are achieved by a linear Kalman filter algorithm, which avoids the calculation of the relationship between the open‐circuit voltage and SOC. Thirdly, an augmented state equation including the SOC, the fractional‐orders and parameters in the FOM is investigated by introducing the augmented vector method, and the state information is estimated online via the AFCKF algorithm. The algorithm requires a little computational burden while ensuring the estimation accuracy and is well adapted to complex working conditions. Besides, this study fully considers the impact of noises on the estimation effect. To better overcome the disturbances caused by unknown noises and further improve the precision and stability of the algorithm, an adaptive estimation method of the noise covariance matrices is achieved. Finally, the experimental findings are given to reveal that the proposed method can be effectively used to different working conditions and the estimation accuracy is better than the adaptive integer‐order cubature Kalman filter.
CCR7 Mediated Mimetic Dendritic Cell Vaccine Homing in Lymph Node for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Therapy
Authors: Xu Jiabin , Liu Hong , Wang Tao , Wen Zhenfu , Chen Haolin , Yang Zeyu , Li Liyan , Yu Shan , Gao Siyong , Yang Le , Li Kan , Li Jingyuan , Li Xiang , Liu Lixin , Liao Guiqing , Chen Yongming , Liang Yujie 
Published: April 2023

AbstractImmunotherapy has been recognized as one of the most promising treatment strategies for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). As a pioneering trend of immunotherapy, dendritic cell (DC) vaccines have displayed the ability to prime an immune response, while the insufficient immunogenicity and low lymph node (LN) targeting efficiency, resulted in an unsubstantiated therapeutic efficacy in clinical trials. Herein, a hybrid nanovaccine (Hy‐M‐Exo) is developed via fusing tumor‐derived exosome (TEX) and dendritic cell membrane vesicle (DCMV). The hybrid nanovaccine inherited the key protein for lymphatic homing, CCR7, from DCMV and demonstrated an enhanced efficiency of LN targeting. Meanwhile, the reserved tumor antigens and endogenous danger signals in the hybrid nanovaccine activated antigen presenting cells (APCs) elicited a robust T‐cell response. Moreover, the nanovaccine Hy‐M‐Exo displayed good therapeutic efficacy in a mouse model of HNSCC. These results indicated that Hy‐M‐Exo is of high clinical value to serve as a feasible strategy for antitumor immunotherapy.
A Cobalt‐Based Metal‐Organic Framework Nanosheet as the Electrode for High‐Performance Asymmetric Supercapacitor
Authors: Liu Qian , Guo Zengqi , Wang Cong , Guo Su , Xu Zhiwei , Hu Chenguang , Liu Yujing , Wang Yalei , He Jun , Wong Wai‐Yeung 
Published: April 2023

AbstractInspired by the significant advantages of the bottom‐up synthesis whose structures and functionalities can be customized by the selection of molecular components, a 2D metal‐organic framework (MOF) nanosheet Co‐BTB‐LB has been synthesized by a liquid–liquid interface‐assisted method. The as‐prepared Co‐BTB‐LB is identified by scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDX) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the sheet‐like structure is verified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Co‐BTB‐LB electrode exhibits an excellent capacity of 4969.3 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and good cycling stability with 75% capacity retention after 1000 cycles. The asymmetric supercapacitor device with Co‐BTB‐LB as the positive electrode shows a maximum energy density of 150.2 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 1619.2 W kg−1 and good cycling stability with a capacitance retention of 97.1% after 10000 cycles. This represents a state‐of‐the‐art performance reported for asymmetric supercapacitor device using electroactive bottom‐up metal‐complex nanosheet, which will clearly lead to a significant expansion of the applicability of this type of 2D nanomaterials.
Physics‐Informed Deep‐Learning For Elasticity: Forward, Inverse, and Mixed Problems
Authors: Chen Chun‐Teh , Gu Grace X. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractElastography is a medical imaging technique used to measure the elasticity of tissues by comparing ultrasound signals before and after a light compression. The lateral resolution of ultrasound is much inferior to the axial resolution. Current elastography methods generally require both axial and lateral displacement components, making them less effective for clinical applications. Additionally, these methods often rely on the assumption of material incompressibility, which can lead to inaccurate elasticity reconstruction as no materials are truly incompressible. To address these challenges, a new physics‐informed deep‐learning method for elastography is proposed. This new method integrates a displacement network and an elasticity network to reconstruct the Young's modulus field of a heterogeneous object based on only a measured axial displacement field. It also allows for the removal of the assumption of material incompressibility, enabling the reconstruction of both Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio fields simultaneously. The authors demonstrate that using multiple measurements can mitigate the potential error introduced by the “eggshell” effect, in which the presence of stiff material prevents the generation of strain in soft material. These improvements make this new method a valuable tool for a wide range of applications in medical imaging, materials characterization, and beyond.
Spotlight on Nerves: Portable Multispectral Optoacoustic Imaging of Peripheral Nerve Vascularization and Morphology
Authors: Jüstel Dominik , Irl Hedwig , Hinterwimmer Florian , Dehner Christoph , Simson Walter , Navab Nassir , Schneider Gerhard , Ntziachristos Vasilis 
Published: April 2023

AbstractVarious morphological and functional parameters of peripheral nerves and their vascular supply are indicative of pathological changes due to injury or disease. Based on recent improvements in optoacoustic image quality, the ability of multispectral optoacoustic tomography, to investigate the vascular environment and morphology of peripheral nerves is explored in vivo in a pilot study on healthy volunteers in tandem with ultrasound imaging (OPUS). The unique ability of optoacoustic imaging to visualize the vasa nervorum by observing intraneural vessels in healthy nerves is showcased in vivo for the first time. In addition, it is demonstrated that the label‐free spectral optoacoustic contrast of the perfused connective tissue of peripheral nerves can be linked to the endogenous contrast of hemoglobin and collagen. Metrics are introduced to analyze the composition of tissue based on its optoacoustic contrast and show that the high‐resolution spectral contrast reveals specific differences between nervous tissue and reference tissue in the nerve's surrounding. How this showcased extraction of peripheral nerve characteristics using multispectral optoacoustic and ultrasound imaging could offer new insights into the pathophysiology of nerve damage and neuropathies, for example, in the context of diabetes is discussed.
Origin of Topological Hall‐Like Feature in Epitaxial SrRuO3 Thin Films
Authors: Roy Pinku , Carr Adra , Zhou Tao , Paudel Binod , Wang Xuejing , Chen Di , Kang Kyeong Tae , Pateras Anastasios , Corey Zachary , Lin Shizeng , Zhu Jian‐Xin , Holt Martin V. , Yoo Jinkyoung , Zapf Vivien , Zeng Hao , Ronning Filip , Jia Quanxi , Chen Aiping 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe discovery of topological Hall effect (THE) has important implications for next‐generation high‐density nonvolatile memories, energy‐efficient nanoelectronics, and spintronic devices. Both real‐space topological spin configurations and two anomalous Hall effects (AHE) with opposite polarity due to two magnetic phases have been proposed for THE‐like feature in SrRuO3 (SRO) films. In this work, SRO thin films with and without THE‐like features are systematically Investigated to decipher the origin of the THE feature. Magnetic measurement reveals the coexistence of two magnetic phases of different coercivity (Hc) in both the films, but the hump feature cannot be explained by the two channel AHE model based on these two magnetic phases. In fact, the AHE is mainly governed by the magnetic phase with higher Hc. A diffusive Berry phase transition model is proposed to explain the THE feature. The coexistence of two Berry phases with opposite signs over a narrow temperature range in the high Hc magnetic phase can explain the THE like feature. Such a coexistence of two Berry phases is due to the strong local structural tilt and microstructure variation in the thinner films. This work provides an insight between structure/micro structure and THE like features in SRO epitaxial thin films.