bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental translocation for restoration of an ecosystem engineer
Authors: Pynne J. T. , Conner L. Mike , Castleberry Steven B. , Parsons Elizabeth I. , Gitzen Robert A. , Duncan Sarah I. , Austin James D. , McCleery Robert A. 
Published: February 2023

The longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) savanna ecosystem in North America has declined by 97% from its historic range and its restoration is a conservation priority. The southeastern pocket gopher (Geomys pinetis), an ecosystem engineer in longleaf pine savannas, is absent from most of its historic range. Translocation of pocket gophers may be needed to reestablish ecosystem services of restored longleaf savannas. To determine translocation feasibility, we quantified survival, site fidelity, and homing of pocket gophers translocated using soft releases (with a starter burrow system; n = 13), hard releases (without a starter burrow system; n = 17), or released into their own burrows (control; n = 10). Naïve survival was 46 and 35% for soft‐ and hard‐released individuals, respectively, and 80% for controls. Most mortalities of translocated individuals (75.0%) occurred within 12 days. Including all radiotagged pocket gophers, daily survival of soft‐released animals ( = 0.990) was intermediate between hard‐released ( = 0.986) and controls ( = 0.993), and only hard‐released was lower than controls. Using only individuals that survived greater than 14 days, we found no difference in daily survival. Site fidelity was low, with 70% of translocated pocket gophers making aboveground movements away from release point. However, soft‐released individuals stayed at the release point three times longer than hard‐released animals. No pocket gopher exhibited homing. Our results suggest translocation has potential for establishing pocket gopher populations into restored longleaf pine savannas and that mitigating mortality during establishment will increase the likelihood of success.
The teacher as coach: An innovative, longitudinal training for (bio)medical educators
Authors: van Ede Annelies E. , Claessen Roy , van Gils Merel , van Hoogstraten Caroline , van den Berg Ineke , van Gurp Petra J. M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn order to be impactful, to support students to become resilient, adaptive, and collaborative lifelong learning professionals in an ever‐changing environment requires the teachers to have a specific set of skills and abilities. Teachers who are not taught these competencies struggle empirically and cannot coach students effectively in the modern professional world.ApproachWe developed a longitudinal programme for teachers, combining theory and skills training, and performed nine half‐day hands‐on training modules on campus. Special attention was paid to a common frame of mind, coaching techniques, and dealing with students' emotions and resistance.EvaluationAll 16 participating teachers indicated their learning goals beforehand and their learning outcomes afterwards. Before and after finishing the course, participants completed a questionnaire in which they evaluated their own evolving coaching competencies. In the next academic year, students of both participants and non‐participants evaluated their teachers' coaching competencies. Participants experienced the added value of coaching and understood how to coach. They reported being able to focus on fostering the student's development instead of being knowledge‐transferring and advising mentors. Students recognised that coaching teachers (participants) provided less advice and focused more on students' responsibility.ImplicationsTo prepare teachers for coaching students in their professional development, early investment is recommended. A dedicated coach training programme, as outlined by us, can facilitate and stimulate the desired transition from a role‐modelling, knowledge‐transferring academic teacher, mentor, or adviser to a professional development coaching teacher. When translating to other curricula, we recommend to take into account the adaptation of generic content in the local learning environment.
A digital geometry on the tetrakis square tiling—Distance and coarsening
Authors: Nagy Benedek 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThere are various tessellations of the plane, including three regular and eight semi‐regular tilings. The square grid is self‐dual, and the hexagonal and triangular tilings are dual to each other. The semi‐regular tessellations are based on more than one type of regular tiles, while their dual tilings are based on a sole but not a regular tile. In various applications, including Geographical Information Systems, it is worth considering non‐regular grids instead of the most used square grid. In this article, we are interested in the dual of the semi‐regular truncated quadrille tiling, T(8,8,4), which is also known as the Khalimsky grid due to its connectedness structure. In our grid, which is called the tetrakis square or kisquadrille tiling, while it is denoted by D(8,8,4), we consider the right‐angled triangle regions of the usual two‐dimensional Khalimsky graph as tiles/pixels. We give an easy‐to‐use coordinate frame addressing the triangles of all the four different orientations. Neighbor relations are described mathematically based on this frame. Based on the shortest path algorithm, a closed formula is proven to compute the digital, that is, path‐based distance on this grid. Some properties of the distance function have also been studied. Hierarchical coarsening is a frequently used technique both in Geometric and Geographical Information Systems to rescale some parts of the map. The tetrakis square grid is apt for hierarchical coarsening, and thus, it can easily be used in image compression and multigrid and other related methods.
Informal provability and dialetheism
Authors: Pawlowski Pawel , Urbaniak Rafal 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAccording to the dialetheist argument from the inconsistency of informal mathematics, the informal version of the Gödelian argument leads us to a true contradiction. On one hand, the dialetheist argues, we can prove that there is a mathematical claim that is neither provable nor refutable in informal mathematics. On the other, the proof of its unprovability is given in informal mathematics and proves that very sentence. We argue that the argument fails, because it relies on the unjustified and unlikely assumption that the informal Gödel sentence is informally provable.
ATM‐mediated double‐strand break repair is required for meiotic genome stability at high temperature
Authors: Zhao Jiayi , Gui Xin , Ren Ziming , Fu Huiqi , Yang Chao , Wang Wenyi , Liu Qingpei , Zhang Min , Wang Chong , Schnittger Arp , Liu Bing 
Published: February 2023

SUMMARYIn eukaryotes, meiotic recombination maintains genome stability and creates genetic diversity. The conserved Ataxia‐Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM) kinase regulates multiple processes in meiotic homologous recombination, including DNA double‐strand break (DSB) formation and repair, synaptonemal complex organization, and crossover formation and distribution. However, its function in plant meiotic recombination under stressful environmental conditions remains poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that ATM is required for the maintenance of meiotic genome stability under heat stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. Using cytogenetic approaches we determined that ATM does not mediate reduced DSB formation but does ensure successful DSB repair, and thus meiotic chromosome integrity, under heat stress. Further genetic analysis suggested that ATM mediates DSB repair at high temperature by acting downstream of the MRE11–RAD50–NBS1 (MRN) complex, and acts in a RAD51‐independent but chromosome axis‐dependent manner. This study extends our understanding on the role of ATM in DSB repair and the protection of genome stability in plants under high temperature stress.
Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi infected Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) associated with local Lyme disease transmission in Nebraska, USA, 2021
Authors: Hamik Jeff , Bourret Travis J. , Smith Halie , Herman Molly , Birn Rachael , Dawdy Tammy , Zuffante Mona J. , Donahue Matthew A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn August 2021, the Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services was notified by a local public health department of a cluster of two Lyme disease cases in patients with local exposure to wooded areas in a county located in their jurisdiction. Epidemiological investigations revealed that the two patients had similar symptom onset dates and had likely exposure to ticks at wooded sites located directly adjacent to one another. Two environmental investigations were completed in October 2021 and consisted of tick surveys at the patients' reported sites of tick exposure. 12 ticks were collected across the two surveys and identified the black‐legged tick (Ixodes scapularis). During subsequent testing of the collected ticks, spirochete bacteria were isolated, cultured and confirmed as Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto by PCR. In total, 7 of 12 (58.3%) I. scapularis ticks tested positive for B. burgdorferi s.s. The results of this study document the fourth known established population of I. scapularis in Nebraska and confirms the first detection of B. burgdorferi s.s. in field collected ticks from Nebraska. The epidemiological and environmental investigation data provide the first evidence for local Lyme disease transmission occurring within Nebraska. These findings highlight the need for continued surveillance of I. scapularis and its associated pathogens in Nebraska to further characterize human risk and monitor emergence into other areas of the state.
Free Vibration Analysis of Thin-Walled Beams Using Two-Phase Local–Nonlocal Constitutive Model
Authors: Gökhan Günay M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A mathematical model is developed based on the thin-walled beams theory for free vibration analysis of nano/micro scale beams having nonlocal properties and arbitrary cross sections. Constitutive relations are defined by using two-phase local–nonlocal constitutive formulation. Equations of motion are derived by use of Hamilton‘s principle. Both the local and nonlocal part of the model is solved by the displacement-based finite element method. Numerical results are obtained and examined for nonlocal box beams and collapsed carbon nanotubes. In general, it is observed that the natural frequency decreases by increasing the nonlocal parameter or the volume fraction of the nonlocal part.
Optimal Minimum Velocity Threshold to Estimate the 1-Repetition Maximum: The Case of the Smith Machine Bench Press Exercise
Authors: García-Ramos Amador 
Published: February 2023

Purpose: To compare the accuracy in the estimation of the Smith machine bench press 1-repetition maximum (1RM) when using a novel minimum velocity threshold (MVT) called optimal MVT (MVT that minimizes the differences between the actual and predicted 1RM in a preliminary session) with respect to using the 2 standard MVTs (general and individual MVTs). Methods: A total of 126 young men (Smith machine bench press 1RM = 80.7 [13.6] kg) completed 2 identical sessions consisting of an incremental loading test until reaching the 1RM load. Four individual load–velocity relationships were modeled in each session considering all loading conditions until reaching the load that showed the closest mean velocity to 0.60, 0.50, 0.40, and 0.30 m·s−1. The first testing session was used to determine the preindividual MVT and 4 optimal MVTs (1 for each final test velocity), while the second testing session was used to estimate the 1RM using 4 types of MVT (general MVT, preindividual MVT, actual-individual MVT, and optimal MVT). Results: The absolute errors in the prediction of the 1RM were significantly lower for the optimal MVT (2.94 [2.40] kg) compared to the general MVT (3.66 [2.99] kg), preindividual MVT (3.80 [3.15] kg), and actual-individual MVT (4.02 [3.21] kg). The optimal MVT (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] ranged from .56 to .62) was always more reliable than the individual MVT (ICC = .34). Conclusions: The optimal MVT provides more accurate estimates of the Smith machine bench press 1RM than the standard MVTs previously used in scientific research (general and individual MVTs).
Interim prosthesis design and socket preservation for a non-salvageable traumatic injury in a young adult: a minimalistic approach to traumatic injuries in children
Authors: Kaur Kanwardeep 
Published: February 2023

Long-term prognosis of complicated traumatic injuries depends on precise treatment planning. Establishing a balance between a patient’s age, prognosis, financial hurdles, and treatment needs is challenging. This case highlights the need for meticulous and realistic treatment planning to achieve long-term favourable outcomes in traumatic injuries in young adults.A young child sustained a traumatic injury that caused avulsion of #21 and intrusion along with palatal luxation of #11. The child reported to the dental clinic with intraoral swelling and pain a week after the injury. Socket preservation was done so that uniform bone contour could be achieved for implant placement at a later stage. We modified a ‘Hollywood appliance’ as an interim prosthesis to ensure that the ridge was not immediately loaded where socket preservation was done.After a follow-up of 3 years, there is significant bone deposition and the child is satisfied with aesthetics.
Cerebellar haemorrhage triggered by allergic reaction to maintenance haemodialysis in a patient with eosinophilia
Authors: Seki Yumika , Ishioka Hirotaka , Miyazaki Mariko , Okamoto Koji 
Published: February 2023

We report a case of eosinophilia and an allergic reaction that caused a cerebellar haemorrhage.An woman in her 80s presented with headache, dyspnoea and vomiting with severe hypotension soon after switching the dialysis membrane, and a CT scan revealed cerebellar haemorrhage. In the subsequent clinical course, the patient developed an allergic reaction to multiple membranes and required corticosteroids to continue haemodialysis (HD). Pre-existing eosinophilia is a risk factor for cerebral infarctions and dialysis membrane allergy, which is a common feature in patients undergoing HD. Membrane switching and corticosteroid therapy must be considered in case of multiple membrane allergies.
Sympathetic nervous system activity is associated with choroidal thickness and axial length in school-aged children
Authors: Lin Senlin , Zhu Bijun , Wang Ting , Wang Hong , Xu Xian , Wang Shanshan , Yin Yao , Xiang Zhaoyu , Qian Yu , Zhang Zhang , Cui Lipu , Zou Haidong , He Xiangui , Zhu Jianfeng , Ma Yingyan 
Published: February 2023

Background/aimsWe aim to explore the effect of sympathetic nervous system (SNS) on choroid thickness (ChT) and axial length (AL).MethodsStudents of grade 2 and 3 from a primary school were included and followed for 1 year. Visual acuity, refraction, AL and ChT were measured. Morning urine samples were collected for determining SNS activity by analysing concentrations of epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine using the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The most important factor (factor 1) was calculated using factor analysis to comprehensively indicate the SNS activity.ResultsA total of 273 students were included, with an average age of 7.77±0.69 years, and 150 (54.95%) were boys. Every 1 µg/L increase in epinephrine is associated with 1.60 µm (95% CI 0.30 to 2.90, p=0.02) decrease in average ChT. Every 1 µg/L increase in norepinephrine is associated with 0.53 µm (95% CI 0.08 to 0.98, p=0.02) decrease in the ChT in inner-superior region. The factor 1 was negatively correlated with the ChT in the superior regions. Every 1 µg/L increase in norepinephrine was associated with 0.002 mm (95% CI 0.0004 to 0.004, p=0.016) quicker AL elongation. The factor 1 was positively correlated with AL elongation (coefficient=0.037, 95% CI 0.005 to 0.070, p=0.023).ConclusionsWe hypothesised that chronic stress characterised by elevated level of the SNS, was associated with significant increase in AL elongation, probably through thinning of the choroid.
Sex differences in cardiovascular complications and mortality in hospital patients with covid-19: registry based observational study
Authors: Hockham Carinna , Linschoten Marijke , Asselbergs Folkert W , Ghossein Chahinda , Woodward Mark , Peters Sanne A E 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveTo assess whether the risk of cardiovascular complications of covid-19 differ between the sexes and to determine whether any sex differences in risk are reduced in individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular disease.DesignRegistry based observational study.Setting74 hospitals across 13 countries (eight European) participating in CAPACITY-COVID (Cardiac complicAtions in Patients With SARS Corona vIrus 2 regisTrY), from March 2020 to May 2021ParticipantsAll adults (aged ≥18 years), predominantly European, admitted to hospital with highly suspected covid-19 disease or covid-19 disease confirmed by positive laboratory test results (n=11 167 patients).Main outcome measuresAny cardiovascular complication during admission to hospital. Secondary outcomes were in-hospital mortality and individual cardiovascular complications with ≥20 events for each sex. Logistic regression was used to examine sex differences in the risk of cardiovascular outcomes, overall and grouped by pre-existing cardiovascular disease.ResultsOf 11 167 adults (median age 68 years, 40% female participants) included, 3423 (36% of whom were female participants) had pre-existing cardiovascular disease. In both sexes, the most common cardiovascular complications were supraventricular tachycardias (4% of female participants, 6% of male participants), pulmonary embolism (3% and 5%), and heart failure (decompensated or de novo) (2% in both sexes). After adjusting for age, ethnic group, pre-existing cardiovascular disease, and risk factors for cardiovascular disease, female individuals were less likely than male individuals to have a cardiovascular complication (odds ratio 0.72, 95% confidence interval 0.64 to 0.80) or die (0.65, 0.59 to 0.72). Differences between the sexes were not modified by pre-existing cardiovascular disease; for the primary outcome, the female-to-male ratio of the odds ratio in those without, compared with those with, pre-existing cardiovascular disease was 0.84 (0.67 to 1.07).ConclusionsIn patients admitted to hospital for covid-19, female participants were less likely than male participants to have a cardiovascular complication. The differences between the sexes could not be attributed to the lower prevalence of pre-existing cardiovascular disease in female individuals. The reasons for this advantage in female individuals requires further research.
Prevalence, outcomes and costs of a contemporary, multinational population with heart failure
Authors: Norhammar Anna , Bodegard Johan , Vanderheyden Marc , Tangri Navdeep , Karasik Avraham , Maggioni Aldo Pietro , Sveen Kari Anne , Taveira-Gomes Tiago , Botana Manuel , Hunziker Lukas , Thuresson Marcus , Banerjee Amitava , Sundström Johan , Bollmann Andreas 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveDigital healthcare systems could provide insights into the global prevalence of heart failure (HF). We designed the CardioRenal and Metabolic disease (CaReMe) HF study to estimate the prevalence, key clinical adverse outcomes and costs of HF across 11 countries.MethodsIndividual level data from a contemporary cohort of 6 29 624 patients with diagnosed HF was obtained from digital healthcare systems in participating countries using a prespecified, common study plan, and summarised using a random effects meta-analysis. A broad definition of HF (any registered HF diagnosis) and a strict definition (history of hospitalisation for HF) were used. Event rates were reported per 100 patient years. Cumulative hospital care costs per patient were calculated for a period of up to 5 years.ResultsThe prevalence of HF was 2.01% (95% CI 1.65 to 2.36) and 1.05% (0.85 to 1.25) according to the broad and strict definitions, respectively. In patients with HF (broad definition), mean age was 75.2 years (95% CI 74.0 to 76.4), 48.8% (40.9–56.8%) had ischaemic heart disease and 34.5% (29.4–39.6%) had diabetes. In 51 442 patients with a recorded ejection fraction (EF), 39.1% (30.3–47.8%) had a reduced, 18.8% (13.5–24.0%) had a mildly reduced and 42.1% (31.5–52.8%) had a preserved left ventricular EF. In 1 69 518 patients with recorded estimated glomerular filtration rate, 49% had chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages III–V. Event rates were highest for cardiorenal disease (HF or CKD) and all cause mortality (19.3 (95% CI 11.3 to 27.1) and 13.1 (11.1 to 15.1), respectively), and lower for myocardial infarction, stroke and peripheral artery disease. Hospital care costs were highest for cardiorenal diseases.ConclusionsWe estimate that 1–2% of the contemporary adult population has HF. These individuals are at significant risk of adverse outcomes and associated costs, predominantly driven by hospitalisations for HF or CKD. There is considerable public health potential in understanding the contemporary burden of HF and the importance of optimising its management.
Multimodal CT imaging of ischemic stroke thrombi identifies scale-invariant radiomic features that reflect clot biology
Authors: Santo Briana A , Janbeh Sarayi Seyyed Mostafa Mousavi , McCall Andrew D , Monteiro Andre , Donnelly Brianna , Siddiqui Adnan H , Tutino Vincent M 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundBiological interpretability of ischemic stroke clot imaging remains challenging.ObjectiveTo carry out paired CT/micro-CT imaging of ischemic stroke clots retrieved by thrombectomy with the aim of identifying interpretable image features that are correlated among pretreatment image modalities and post-treatment histopathology.MethodsWe performed multimodal CT imaging and histology for 10 stroke clots retrieved by mechanical thrombectomy. Clots were manually segmented from co-registered, pretreatment CT angiography (CTA) and non-contrast CT (NCCT). For the same cases, retrieved clots were iodine-stained, and imaged with a ScanCo micro-CT 100 (4.9 µm resolution). Afterwards, clots were subjected to histological processing (hematoxylin and eosin staining) and whole slide scanned (40X). Clot radiomic features (RFs) (n=93 per modality, 279 total) were extracted using PyRadiomics and histological composition was computed using Orbit Image Analysis. Correlation analysis was used to test associations between micro-CT and CTA (or NCCT) RFs as well as between RFs and histological composition. Statistical significance was considered at R≥0.65 and q<0.05.ResultsFrom paired RF correlation analysis, we identified 23 scale-invariant RFs with significant correlation between micro-CT and CTA (18), and micro-CT and NCCT (5). Correlation of unpaired RFs identified 377 positively and 36 negatively correlated RFs between micro-CT and CTA, and 168 positively and 41 negatively correlated RFs between micro-CT and NCCT. Scale-invariant RFs computed from CTA and NCCT demonstrated significant correlation with red blood cell and fibrin-platelet components, while micro-CT RFs were found to be correlated with white blood cell percent composition.ConclusionMultimodal CT, radiomic, and histological analysis of stroke clots can help to bridge the gap between pretreatment imaging and clot pathobiology.