bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interpreter use in sustained nurse home visiting: interpreter experience and support
Authors: Bonakdar Tehrani Mehrnoush , Baird Kelly , Trajkovski Suza , Kaplun Catherine , Bruce Tracey , Kemp Lynn 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of healthcare interpreters working with child and family health nurses (CFHNs) in providing child and family health nursing (CFHN) services and sustained nurse home visiting (SNHV) programs to culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) families with limited English proficiency.

Methods
A mixed methods longitudinal research design was conducted to develop, implement and evaluate a training and practice support model for healthcare interpreters working with nurses and CALD families in providing CFHN services and SNHV programs in three major local health services in Sydney, Australia. One pre-training survey with 24 healthcare interpreters was conducted; field notes were recorded during training and implementation; and a post-implementation focus group with six healthcare interpreters was conducted. Quantitative survey data were analysed descriptively using Alchemer. The focus group was audio-recorded for transcription purposes, and this and the field notes were thematically analysed applying a socioecological framework.

Results
Three themes were identified from the initial, pre-training survey: facilitate communication and delivery accurately; a bridge linking the clients and the healthcare practitioners; and make everybody feel comfortable. Practice support implementation was negatively impact by system and COVID-19 related barriers. Four themes were developed from evaluative phase of the study including: system-related issues; interpreters’ challenges; working with nurses; and client session related issues.

Conclusion
Quality interpreting was favourably influenced by adequate time for interpreting the session including a pre- and post-briefing session with CFHNs, an appropriate mode of interpretation, allocation of female interpreters and the same interpreters with CALD mothers and clarity about interpreter role and cultural comfort. These strategies support the quality of communication and relationships in delivery of CFHN services and SNHV programs to CALD mothers with limited English proficiency.
Dual-specificity phosphatases 22-deficient T cells contribute to the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Chen Ming-Han , Chuang Huai-Chia , Yeh Yi-Chen , Chou Chung-Tei , Tan Tse-Hua 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Dual-specificity phosphatases (DUSPs) can dephosphorylate both tyrosine and serine/threonine residues of their substrates and regulate T cell-mediated immunity and autoimmunity. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential roles of DUSPs in ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

Methods
Sixty AS patients and 45 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Associations of gene expression of 23 DUSPs in peripheral T cells with inflammatory cytokine gene expression and disease activity of AS were analyzed. Finally, we investigated whether the characteristics of AS are developed in DUSP-knockout mice.

Results
The mRNA levels of DUSP4, DUSP5, DUSP6, DUSP7, and DUSP14 in peripheral T cells were significantly higher in AS group than those of healthy controls (all p < 0.05), while DUSP22 (also named JKAP) mRNA levels were significantly lower in AS group than healthy controls (p < 0.001). The mRNA levels of DUSP4, DUSP5, DUSP6, DUSP7, and DUSP14 in T cells were positively correlated with mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), whereas DUSP22 was inversely correlated (all p < 0.05). In addition, inverse correlations of DUSP22 gene expression in peripheral T cells with C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) were observed (all p < 0.05). More importantly, aged DUSP22 knockout mice spontaneously developed syndesmophyte formation, which was accompanied by an increase of TNF-α+, interleukin-17A+, and interferon-γ+ CD3+ T cells.

Conclusions
DUSP22 may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis and regulation of disease activity of AS.
Serological testing of an equal-volume milk sample – a new method to estimate the seroprevalence of small ruminant lentivirus infection?
Authors: Potârniche Adrian-Valentin , Czopowicz Michał , Szaluś-Jordanow Olga , Moroz-Fik Agata , Mickiewicz Marcin , Biernacka Kinga , Witkowski Lucjan , Markowska-Daniel Iwona , Bagnicka Emilia , Cerbu Constantin , Olah Diana , Trif Emilia , Spinu Marina , Kaba Jarosław 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn cattle attempts to evaluate within-herd prevalence of various infectious and parasitic diseases by bulk-tank milk (BTM) testing with ELISA have been made with moderate success. The fact that BTM is composed of variable and unknown volumes of milk from individual lactating animals weakens the relationship between numerical result of the ELISA and the within-herd prevalence. We carried out a laboratory experimental study to evaluate if a pooled milk sample created by mixing an equal volume of individual milk samples from seropositive and seronegative goats, henceforth referred to as an equal-volume milk sample (EVMS), would allow for accurate estimation of within-herd seroprevalence of caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE) using 3 different commercial ELISAs. By mixing randomly selected milk samples from seronegative and seropositive goats, 193 EVMS were created – 93 made of seronegative samples and 100 with the proportion of seropositive individual milk samples (EVMS%POS) ranging from 1 to 100%. EVMS%POScould be considered as a proxy for the within-herd seroprevalence. Then, OD of EVMS (ODEVMS) of the 193 EVMS was measured using 3 commercial ELISAs for CAE – 2 indirect and 1 competitive.ResultsThe cut-off values of ODEVMSindicating SRLV infection were determined. The regression functions were developed to link ODEVMSwith EVMS%POS. A significant monotonic relationship between ODEVMSmeasured with 2 commercial indirect ELISAs and EVMS%POSwas identified. Two regression models developed on this basis described approximately 90% of variability and allowed to estimate EVMS%POS, when it was below 50%. High ODEVMSindicated EVMS%POSof > 50%.ConclusionOur study introduces the concept of serological testing of EVMS as a method of detecting SRLV-infected herds and estimating the proportion of strongly seropositive goats. Further field studies are warranted to assess practical benefits of EVMS serological testing.
Roles of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in anti- PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy for solid cancers
Authors: Pei Liping , Liu Yang , Liu Lin , Gao Shuochen , Gao Xueyan , Feng Yudi , Sun Zhenqiang , Zhang Yan , Wang Chengzeng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn recent years, breakthroughs have been made in tumor immunotherapy. However, tumor immunotherapy, particularly anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors, is effective in only a small percentage of patients in solid cancer. How to improve the efficiency of cancer immunotherapy is an urgent problem to be solved. As we all know, the state of the tumor microenvironment (TME) is an essential factor affecting the effectiveness of tumor immunotherapy, and the cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in TME have attracted much attention in recent years. As one of the main components of TME, CAFs interact with cancer cells and immune cells by secreting cytokines and vesicles, participating in ECM remodeling, and finally affecting the immune response process. With the in-depth study of CAFs heterogeneity, new strategies are provided for finding targets of combination immunotherapy and predicting immune efficacy. In this review, we focus on the role of CAFs in the solid cancer immune microenvironment, and then further elaborate on the potential mechanisms and pathways of CAFs influencing anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. In addition, we summarize the potential clinical application value of CAFs-related targets and markers in solid cancers.
Ginsenoside Rg1 attenuates the NASH phenotype by regulating the miR-375-3p/ATG2B/PTEN-AKT axis to mediate autophagy and pyroptosis
Authors: Chen Xuanxin , Xue Wei , Zhang Jia , Peng Jiayi , Huang Wenxiang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is one of the most frequent liver diseases at present, and there is no radical treatment. The consequences of a variety of ginsenoside compounds on this situation have before been reported, however, the specific effect on the monomeric ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) and its associated underlying molecular mechanism stay unknown.

Material and methods
In vitro, the cell models were constructed by exposing free fatty acids (FFAs) to HepG2 cells. A methionine and choline deficiency (MCD)-induced NASH mouse model was also established over 5–6 weeks of treatment. Rg1 is a traditional Chinese medicine monomer. These NASH models were treated with Rg1 and analyzed by qRT-PCR, Western Blot, sequencing, Oil red O staining, immunofluorescence, enzyme activity, HE staining, ELISA, double luciferase reporter assay, and immunohistochemistry.

Results
Overexpression of ATG2B, an autophagy-related protein, attenuated lipid droplet accumulation and reduces ALT, AST, inflammatory cytokines, hydrogen peroxide, and pyroptosis in established mouse and cellular models of NASH and increased levels of ATP and autophagy. The binding sites of miR-375-3p and ATG2B were verified by bioinformatic prediction and a dual-luciferase reporter gene. Knockdown of miR-375-3p promoted autophagy and inhibited pyroptosis. ATG2B knockdown substantially attenuated the impact of miR-375-3p on NASH. Rg1 appears to regulate the occurrence and development of NASH inflammation through miR-375-3p and ATG2B in vitro and in vivo, and is regulated by PTEN-AKT pathway.

Conclusions
This study showed that Rg1 participates in autophagy and pyroptosis through the miR-375-3p/ATG2B/PTEN-AKT pathway, thereby alleviating the occurrence and development of NASH, for that reason revealing Rg1 as a candidate drug for NASH.
Incidence and risk factors of venous thrombotic events in patients with interstitial lung disease during hospitalization
Authors: Sun Haishuang , Liu Min , Yang Xiaoyan , Xi Linfeng , Xu Wenqing , Deng Mei , Ren Yanhong , Xie Wanmu , Dai Huaping , Wang Chen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Studies on the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) events in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) are limited and the results are inconsistent. The aim of this research was to investigate the incidence and risk factors of VTE in ILD during hospitalization.

Materials and methods
In this retrospective, cross-sectional, observational study, a total of 5009 patients diagnosed with ILD from January 2016 to March 2022 in our hospital were retrospectively included. In ILD patients, VTE including pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) were screened from the electronic medical record system. Diagnosis of PTE and DVT were performed by CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA), CTV or ultrasound. And then the incidence and risk factors of VTE in different types of ILD were assessed.

Results
Among 5009 patients with ILD, VTE was detected in 129 (2.6%) patients, including 15(0.3%) patients with both PTE and DVT, 34 (0.7%) patients with PTE and 80 (1.6%) patients with DVT. 85.1% of patients with APE were in the intermediate-low risk group. The incidence of VTE in Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies -associated vasculitis related ILD (ANCA-AV-ILD), hypersensitivity pneumonitis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) respectively was 7.9% and 3.6% and 3.5%. In patients with connective tissue disease-associated ILD (CTD-ILD), the incidence of VTE, DVT, PTE, combined PTE and DVT respectively was 3.0%, 2.3%, 0.4% and 0.3%. Among the various risk factors, different ILD categories, age ≥ 80 years (OR 4.178, 95% CI 2.097–8.321, P < 0.001), respiratory failure (OR 2.382, 95% CI 1.533–3.702, P < 0.001) and varicose veins (OR 3.718, 95% CI 1.066–12.964, P = 0.039) were independent risk factors of VTE. The incidence of VTE in patients with ILD increased with the length of time in hospital from 2.2% (< 7 days) to 6.4% (> 21 days).

Conclusion
The incidence of VTE during hospitalization in ILD patients was 2.6%, with a 1.6% incidence of DVT, higher than the 0.7% incidence of PTE. Advanced age, ILD categories, respiratory failure and varicose veins as independent risk factors for the development of VTE should be closely monitored.
Bioinformatics analyses of combined databases identify shared differentially expressed genes in cancer and autoimmune disease
Authors: Sui Yuan , Li Shuping , Fu Xue-Qi , Zhao Zhizhuang Joe , Xing Shu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundInadequate immunity caused by poor immune surveillance leads to tumorigenesis, while excessive immunity due to breakdown of immune tolerance causes autoimmune genesis. Although the function of immunity during the onset of these two processes appears to be distinct, the underlying mechanism is shared. To date, gene expression data for large bodies of clinical samples are available, but the resemblances of tumorigenesis and autoimmune genesis in terms of immune responses remains to be summed up.MethodsConsidering the high disease prevalence, we chose invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) to study the potential commonalities of immune responses. We obtained gene expression data of IDC/SLE patients and normal controls from five IDC databases (GSE29044, GSE21422, GSE22840, GSE15852, and GSE9309) and five SLE databases (GSE154851, GSE99967, GSE61635, GSE50635, and GSE17755). We intended to identify genes differentially expressed in both IDC and SLE by using three bioinformatics tools including GEO2R, the limma R package, and Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) to perform function enrichment, protein-protein network, and signaling pathway analyses.ResultsThe mRNA levels of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1), 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase like (OASL), and PML nuclear body scaffold (PML) were found to be differentially expressed in both IDC and SLE by using three different bioinformatics tools of GEO2R, the limma R package and WGCNA. From the combined databases in this study, the mRNA levels of STAT1 and OAS1 were increased in IDC while reduced in SLE. And the mRNA levels of OASL and PML were elevated in both IDC and SLE. Based on Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis and QIAGEN Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, both IDC and SLE were correlated with the changes of multiple components involved in the Interferon (IFN)-Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway.ConclusionThe expression levels of STAT1 and OAS1 manifest the opposite expression tendency across cancer and autoimmune disease. They are components in the IFN-JAK-STAT signaling pathway related to both tumorigenesis and autoimmune genesis. STAT1 and OAS1-associated IFN-JAK-STAT signaling could explain the commonalities during tumorigenesis and autoimmune genesis and render significant information for more precise treatment from the point of immune homeostasis.
BCG-induced trained immunity: history, mechanisms and potential applications
Authors: Chen Jingjing , Gao Li , Wu Xinya , Fan Yuxin , Liu Meixiao , Peng Li , Song Jieqin , Li Bingxue , Liu Aihua , Bao Fukai 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine was discovered a century ago and has since been clinically applicable. BCG can not only be used for the prevention of tuberculosis, but also has a non-specific protective effect on the human body called trained immunity that is mediated by innate immune cells such as monocytes, macrophages, and natural killer cells. Mechanisms of trained immunity include epigenetic reprogramming, metabolic reprogramming, and long-term protection mediated by hematopoietic stem cells. Trained immunity has so far shown beneficial effects on cancer, viral-infections, autoimmune diseases, and a variety of other diseases, especially bladder cancer, respiratory viruses, and type 1 diabetes. The modulation of the immune response by BCG has led to the development of a variety of recombinant vaccines. Although the specific mechanism of BCG prevention on diseases has not been fully clarified, the potential role of BCG deserves further exploration, which is of great significance for prevention and treatment of diseases.
BAX as the mediator of C-MYC sensitizes acute lymphoblastic leukemia to TLR9 agonists
Authors: Bai Ling , Zhou Lei , Han Wei , Chen Jingtao , Gu Xiaoyi , Hu Zheng , Yang Yongguang , Li Wei , Zhang Xiaoying , Niu Chao , Chen Yongchong , Li Hui , Cui Jiuwei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
The prognosis of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) has improved significantly with current first-line therapy, although the recurrence of B-ALL is still a problem. Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonists have shown good safety and efficiency as immune adjuvants. Apart from their immune regulatory effect, the direct effect of TLR9 agonists on cancer cells with TLR9 expression cannot be ignored. However, the direct effect of TLR9 agonists on B-ALL remains unknown.

Methods
We discussed the relationship between TLR9 expression and the clinical characteristics of B-ALL and explored whether CpG 685 exerts direct apoptotic effect on B-ALL without inhibiting normal B-cell function. By using western blot, co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence co-localization, and chromatin immunoprecipitation, we explored the mechanism of the apoptosis-inducing effect of CpG 685 in treating B-ALL cells. By exploring the mechanism of CpG 685 on B-ALL, the predictive biomarkers of the efficacy of CpG 685 in treating B-ALL were explored. These efficiencies were also confirmed in mouse model as well as clinical samples.

Results
High expression of TLR9 in B-ALL patients showed good prognosis. C-MYC-induced BAX activation was the key to the effect of CpG oligodeoxynucleotides against B-ALL. C-MYC overexpression promoted P53 stabilization, enhanced Bcl-2 associated X-protein (BAX) activation, and mediated transcription of the BAX gene. Moreover, combination therapy using CpG 685 and imatinib, a BCR-ABL kinase inhibitor, could reverse resistance to CpG 685 or imatinib alone by promoting BAX activation and overcoming BCR-ABL1-independent PI3K/AKT activation.

Conclusion
TLR9 is not only a prognostic biomarker but also a potential target for B-ALL therapy. CpG 685 monotherapy might be applicable to Ph− B-ALL patients with C-MYC overexpression and without BAX deletion. CpG 685 may also serve as an effective combinational therapy against Ph+ B-ALL.
Pristane induced lupus mice as a model for neuropsychiatric lupus (NPSLE)
Authors: Yun Yang , Wang Xuejiao , Xu Jingyi , Jin Chenye , Chen Jingyu , Wang Xueru , Wang Jianing , Qin Ling , Yang Pingting 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
The pristane-induced lupus (PIL) model is a useful tool for studying environmental-related systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, neuropsychiatric manifestations in this model have not been investigated in detail. Because neuropsychiatric lupus (NPSLE) is an important complication of SLE, we investigated the neuropsychiatric symptoms in the PIL mouse model to evaluate its suitability for NPSLE studies.

Results
PIL mice showed olfactory dysfunction accompanied by an anxiety- and depression-like phenotype at month 2 or 4 after pristane injection. The levels of cytokines (IL-1β, IFN-α, IFN-β, IL-10, IFN-γ, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-17A) and chemokines (CCL2 and CXCL10) in the brain and blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability increased significantly from week 2 or month 1, and persisted throughout the observed course of the disease. Notably, IgG deposition in the choroid plexus and lateral ventricle wall were observed at month 1 and both astrocytes and microglia were activated. Persistent activation of astrocytes was detected throughout the observed course of the disease, while microglial activation diminished dramatically at month 4. Lipofuscin deposition, a sign of neuronal damage, was detected in cortical and hippocampal neurons from month 4 to 8.

Conclusion
PIL mice exhibit a series of characteristic behavioral deficits and pathological changes in the brain, and therefore might be suitable for investigating disease pathogenesis and for evaluating potential therapeutic targets for environmental-related NPSLE.
The effect of dextrose prolotherapy versus placebo/other non‐surgical treatments on pain in chronic plantar fasciitis: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of clinical trials
Authors: Ahadi Tannaz , Cham Masumeh Bagherzadeh , Mirmoghtadaei Mahtab , Raissi Gholam Reza , Janbazi Lobaneh , Zoghi Ghazal 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundProlotherapy is the injection of a small volume of sclerosing or irritant solutions into an injured tissue. We aimed to investigate the effect of dextrose prolotherapy (DPT) versus placebo/other non‐surgical treatments on pain in chronic plantar fasciitis.MethodsWe searched seven electronic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE, Scopus, ProQuest, CENTRAL, PEDro) from inception to December 31, 2021 with no language restriction for publications comparing the effect of DPT with placebo/other non‐surgical treatments in patients with chronic plantar fasciitis. Our primary outcome was pain and the secondary outcomes were foot function and plantar fascia thickness. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool.ResultsOverall, eight studies with a total of 449 patients were included in the meta‐analysis. All the included studies reported short‐term pain. A large effect size (dppc2 = ‐0.97, 95% confidence interval [CI] ‐1.84 to ‐0.10) was observed favoring the use of DPT to reduce pain in patients with chronic plantar fasciitis in the short‐term. The results for foot function improvement (dppc2 = ‐1.28, 95% CI ‐2.49 to ‐0.07) and plantar fascia thickness reduction (dppc2 = ‐1.02, 95% CI ‐1.99 to ‐0.05) in the short‐term were also in favor of DPT.ConclusionsSince almost all the included studies had high risk of bias and multiple trials lacked long‐term follow‐ups, further high‐quality research is required to determine the long‐term effects of DPT vs placebo/other non‐surgical interventions.