bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating learner-centered design and user-centered design for meaningful instructor onboarding: Supporting large-scale curricular changes to general education
Authors: Southard Katelyn M. , Christen Julie , Gupta Anuj 
Published: August 2023

Supporting instructors through large-scale curricular changes to cross-disciplinary programs such as general education is a complex challenge. In this case-based narrative, we describe how one large R1 university in the Southwest United States developed and implemented an instructor support program during a large-scale general education program redesign for a program that had not been substantively revised since 1998. This program typically offers about 500 courses each semester and is taught by roughly 650 instructors. To support the phased rollout of the new program curriculum, we designed and implemented a Quick Start program to support instructors revising courses for the new program, serving over 400 instructors during its first year of implementation.
We discuss our integration of learner-centered design principles (McCombs &amp; Whisler, 1997; Weimer, 2013) to guide the development of the Quick Start program and user-centered design principles (Greer &amp; Harris, 2018; Tham, 2022) to create accessible, useful, and context-driven learning content for the instructors. While these frameworks have been integrated in the past to develop learning materials for students (Jones, 2018; Shivers-McNair et al., 2018), our case-based descriptive analysis presents a novel application of this integration for faculty development. We describe how we integrated these principles to design, scale, iterate, and implement instructor onboarding to the new curriculum. Specifically, we offer four guiding pillars: (i) creating an aligned learning experience, (ii) building an instructional community, (iii) foregrounding an asset-based approach, and (iv) creating useful and usable materials to operationalize such an integration of learner-centered and user-centered design approaches for faculty development.
Taurine: a promising nutraceutic in the prevention of retinal degeneration
Authors: García-Ayuso Diego , Di Pierdomenico Johnny , Martínez-Vacas Ana , Vidal-Sanz Manuel , Picaud Serge , Villegas-Pérez María P. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Taurine is considered a non-essential amino acid because it is synthesized by most mammals. However, dietary intake of taurine may be necessary to achieve the physiological levels required for the development, maintenance, and function of certain tissues. Taurine may be especially important for the retina. The concentration of taurine in the retina is higher than that in any other tissue in the body and taurine deficiency causes retinal oxidative stress, apoptosis, and degeneration of photoreceptors and retinal ganglion cells. Low plasma taurine levels may also underlie retinal degeneration in humans and therefore, taurine administration could exert retinal neuroprotective effects. Taurine has antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, immunomodulatory, and calcium homeostasis-regulatory properties. This review summarizes the role of taurine in retinal health and disease, where it appears that taurine may be a promising nutraceutical.
Cell metabolism pathways involved in the pathophysiological changes of diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Lv Yaowei , Yao Xiangyun , Li Xiao , Ouyang Yuanming , Fan Cunyi , Qian Yun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202403000-00034/inline-graphic1/v/2023-09-27T141015Z/r/image-tiff

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus. Elucidating the pathophysiological metabolic mechanism impels the generation of ideal therapies. However, existing limited treatments for diabetic peripheral neuropathy expose the urgent need for cell metabolism research. Given the lack of comprehensive understanding of energy metabolism changes and related signaling pathways in diabetic peripheral neuropathy, it is essential to explore energy changes and metabolic changes in diabetic peripheral neuropathy to develop suitable treatment methods. This review summarizes the pathophysiological mechanism of diabetic peripheral neuropathy from the perspective of cellular metabolism and the specific interventions for different metabolic pathways to develop effective treatment methods. Various metabolic mechanisms (e.g., polyol, hexosamine, protein kinase C pathway) are associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and researchers are looking for more effective treatments through these pathways.
Soluble p75 neurotrophic receptor as a reliable biomarker in neurodegenerative diseases: what is the evidence?
Authors: Jourdi Georges , Fleury Samuel , Boukhatem Imane , Lordkipanidzé Marie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are often misdiagnosed, especially when the diagnosis is based solely on clinical symptoms. The p75 neurotrophic receptor (p75NTR) has been studied as an index of sensory and motor nerve development and maturation. Its cleavable extracellular domain (ECD) is readily detectable in various biological fluids including plasma, serum and urine. There is evidence for increased p75NTR ECD levels in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, age-related dementia, schizophrenia, and diabetic neuropathy. Whether p75NTR ECD could be used as a biomarker for diagnosis and/or prognosis in these disorders, and whether it could potentially lead to the development of targeted therapies, remains an open question. In this review, we present and discuss published studies that have evaluated the relevance of this emerging biomarker in the context of various neurodegenerative diseases. We also highlight areas that require further investigation to better understand the role of p75NTR ECD in the clinical diagnosis and management of neurodegenerative disorders.
Outcomes of laparoscopic SG and laparoscopic one-anastomosis gastric bypass in terms of improvement in the lipid profile
Authors: Mahmoud Eman Hasan , Fahmy Mohamed H. , Fathy Ehab , Elshal Mohamed , Elmonim Ahmed Maher Abd 
Published: August 2023

Introduction
Obesity is associated with an increased mortality rate, particularly of cardiovascular origin, due to the close association between obesity and cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidemia. The efficacy of different bariatric Surgeries in weight reduction and in glycemic homeostasis improvement has been widely described. In contrast, little is known about the effects of bariatric surgery on lipid profile. Few studies have compared the effect of different surgical techniques on lipid profile changes. So, we aim at assessing and comparing the effect of SG and OAGB in terms of improvement in the lipid profile.

Patients and methods
This is a prospective comparative study that included 46 morbidly obese patients. Patients were divided into two groups: SG group (23 patients), and OAGB group (23 patients). Preoperative and 3 months post-operative cholesterol levels, triglycerides, LDL (Low-density lipoprotein), and HDL (High-density lipoprotein) were measured. The results were documented, analyzed, and correlated to baseline results, and results from the two groups were compared together.

Results
This study revealed that most of our patients who were candidates for bariatric surgeries either SG or OAGB presented with elevated mean LDL, Cholesterol, and triglyceride and decreased mean HDL. The results showed a significant improvement of lipid profile after both SG and OAGB over a 3-month interval. There was a statistically significant difference between the two operations in the decrease of cholesterol over 3 months postoperatively in favour of the OAGB operation; hence the significant difference is observed in the change of the cardiovascular risk and improvement of quality of life of those patients underwent OAGB.

Conclusion
Obese patients have shown an association with elevated LDL, Cholesterol, and triglyceride and decreased HDL. SG and OAGB both result in a significant decrease in LDL, Cholesterol and triglyceride and an increase in HDL.
Fate of minor lower limb varicosities after Endovenous Thermal Ablation in patients with lower limb Varicose veins with incompetent Sapheno-femoral Junction
Authors: Fathy Ahmed Khalaf , Hussein Emad El-din Ahmed , Ismail Mohammed Ahmed Mohammed , Mohamed Abd Allah Mostafa Ismail , Soliman Atta Islam Mohamed Nabil 
Published: August 2023

Objectives
This was an open-label randomized comparative two arms study to assess the efficacy and clinical outcome of endovenous thermal ablation on reticular veins and telangiectasias in patients with lower limbs varicose veins with incompetent Sapheno-femoral Junction.

Patients and methods
A total of 40 patients [15 (37.5%) males and 25 (62.5%) females] with reflux of the long saphenous vein were subjected to radiofrequency ablation (RFA). 20 patients had RFA alone while the other 20 patients underwent RFA and injection sclerotherapy. Then patients were followed up on 1 week after the procedure, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year by duplex and clinically using venous clinical severity score.

Results
There were 37.5% males and 62.5% females. There was a statistically significant difference in both groups regarding patients’ symptoms (pain, heaviness, and swelling) before and after serial times of follow-up, which was assessed by the VCSS, denoting marked improvement of patients’ symptoms. Also, there was a statistically significant difference (P<0.001) concerning duplex results regards the reflux before and following RFA. Reticular veins follow-up, we found that in group A they were present among 35% of patients on 1-week follow-up. This increased to reach 70% after 1 year of follow-up, however, in group B they were absent among all patients on 1 week follow-up. They were present among 15% of patients after 1 year of follow-up.

Conclusion
RFA with concomitant sclerotherapy for the associated minor veins have proved to be safe, cost-effective and more patient satisfaction than RFA without concomitant sclerotherapy.
Upfront surgery versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy for borderline resectable pancreatic carcinoma with venous encasement more than 180 degree, comparative study
Authors: Khalil Ahmed , Sabry Ahmed Mohamed , Sherif Diaa Eldin M. , Zaid Mohamed H. 
Published: August 2023

Background
Pancreatic cancer is considered the seventh cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and has low resection rate and a poor prognosis. Surgical resection to achieve R0 followed by adjuvant chemotherapy is the treatment of choice. Borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (BRPC) is technically difficult tumor with high risk of non-radical resection R1 and early postoperative recurrence.
A neoadjuvant chemotherapy in BRPC instead of upfront surgical resection has advantages of increase R0 resection rate, treatment of undetected micro metastases and decrease postoperative pancreatic fistula.

Objective
Comparing the short-term outcome between upfront surgery and neoadjuvant chemotherapy for borderline resectable pancreatic carcinoma for venous encasement only as regards the ability to do R0 resection, early surgical complications and the progression rate of the disease

Design
Prospective cohort.

Patients and methods
Patients age between 20–70, with only venous encasement (no arterial encasement) with encasement>180 degrees and a segment of venous encasement not more than 2 cm were included.
Patients with an arterial encasement, distant metastasis, and not fit for chemotherapy were excluded.

Results
The upfront surgery group has higher resection rate (75%) with portal/SMV reconstruction needed in one-third of the cases (33.3%) while the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group has higher progression rate (55%) and low resection rate (only 20%). No significant difference between the groups as regards the complication rate (morbidity and mortality), R1 resection(margin invasion), blood loss or time of surgery.

Conclusion
Upfront surgery can be done in selected patients with BR-PDAC to avoid the progression of the disease with no statistically significant difference as regards the short-term complications in comparison to the neoadjuvant group.
Comparison between peripheral nerve stimulator-guided serratus anterior plane block versus transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative analgesia in laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia: A double-blind randomised controlled trial
Authors: Prasad Mukesh Kumar , Jain Payal , Neha  , Varshney Rohit Kumar , Gogia Pratiksha , Jheetay Gurdeep S. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Background and Aims:
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is a widely accepted surgical procedure associated with postoperative pain. This study was done to compare peripheral nerve stimulator (PNS)-guided serratus anterior plane block (SAP) and transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block for postoperative analgesia for patients undergoing LC.

Methods:
Following approval from the ethical committee, 70 patients for LC were randomly assigned to Group S: SAP block and Group T: TAP block. The blocks were performed under PNS guidance, and 20 ml of 0.375% ropivacaine was administered. The severity of pain was measured using a visual analogue scale (VAS). The study’s primary objective was the evaluation of the postoperative VAS score. The time of the first dose of rescue analgesia and total tramadol consumption for 24 h postoperatively were secondary objectives. All the statistical calculation was done using statistical analyses for Social Sciences for Windows version 23.0 (IBM Corp, NY, USA).

Results:
Lower VAS score was seen in patients of TAP block at rest as well as movement at 6 h (P = 0.001), 12 h (P = 0.001) and 18 h (P = 0.001) postoperatively compared with SAP. The TAP group showed a significantly increased time of first rescue analgesic compared to the SAP group (7.97 ± 0.51 vs. 5.89 ± 1.45, P = 0.001). Tramadol usage was significantly higher in the SAP group than in the TAP group (128.9 ± 36.22 vs. 72.43 ± 44.80, P = 0.001).

Conclusion:
TAP block guided by the PNS improves postoperative pain with less tramadol consumption and during the postoperative period without significant complications.
Comparing the Efficacy of 3 and 5 mg/kg Intramuscular Ketamine with the Addition of Oral Midazolam and Atropine in Pediatric Dental Sedation
Authors: Ansari Ghasem , Akhavan Parisa Seyed , Fallahinejad Ghajari Masoud , Shayeghi Shahnaz , Eghbali Ahmad , Hanjani Kiana 
Published: August 2023

Statement of the Problem:
One of the main obstacles in dealing with pediatric patients is patients’ lack of cooperation when undergoing dental treatment. Providing a safe yet effective method to tackle such a problem is a priority of today’s pediatric dentistry.

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to compare the sedative effect of 3 and 5 mg/kg intramuscular (IM) ketamine with oral atropine and midazolam.

Settings and Design:
This clinical trial was performed on 25 uncooperative children aged 3–5 years. Each patient acted as self-control. Patients were randomly divided into two groups.

Materials and Methods:
In this experimental study, one group received 5 mg/kg ketamine (Daroupakhsh, Iran) IM at first and 3 mg/kg ketamine IM at the second visit, while the other received the same doses in the opposite order. All patients received oral midazolam (0.5 mg/kg) (Dales Pharmaceutical, England) with 0.02 mg/kg atropine (Caspian Co, Rasht, Iran) half an hour before the main IM ketamine injection.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Collected data were analyzed using ANOVA and Wilcoxon signed-rank test.

Results:
There was no significant difference between sedative effects of the two administered doses of ketamine (P < 0.1). In the 5 and 3 mg/kg ketamine groups, there were 80% and 76% success rates, respectively. For complications, two cases of emergence reaction and one case of visual disorders were reported in both sessions. Parents were more satisfied with child’s reactions after the 3 mg/kg ketamine dose session.

Conclusion:
No difference was found in effectiveness between the 3 and 5 mg/kg IM ketamine with the addition of oral midazolam and atropine in the sedation of very young children.
A City-based Demographic Research on Community-dwelling Residents of Belagavi, India, about Dynapenia, Frailty, and Sarcopenia
Authors: Gurudut Peeyoosha , Kumar Sanjiv , Patil Ashwin , Mhetri Sanjana , Misquita Delia , Mulgaonkar Saiksha 
Published: August 2023

Context:
Age-related loss in skeletal muscle mass (sarcopenia), decreased muscle strength (dynapenia), and frailty can impede functional skills and cause mobility problems, leading to falls and fractures. There are scanty epidemiological data on the prevalence of these conditions in areas in the Indian subcontinental areas.

Aims:
The aim of the study is to create epidemiological statistics on sarcopenia, dynapenia, and frailty in a cross section of community-dwelling individuals in Belagavi city.

Study Design and Settings:
This is an epidemiological study on community-dwelling individuals from Belagavi city, India.

Subjects and Methods:
Seven hundred and two residents over the age of 40 years were evaluated and diagnosed for sarcopenia as per the guidelines given by the Asian Working Group for sarcopenia which included gait speed, dominant hand grip strength (HGS), and appendicular skeletal mass index (ASMI). They were assessed for frailty with a Clinical Frailty Scale and dynapenia with HGS.

Statistical Analysis:
The prevalence was calculated as the frequency and distribution.

Results:
A total of 309 men and 393 women were enrolled in the study. The results depicted higher prevalence after the age of 70 years for sarcopenia (20.37%), dynapenia (23.65%), and frailty (5.98%) when compared to those of 40–50 years (11.82%, 14.81%, and 0.14%, respectively). Sarcopenia was equally prevalent among females (30.77%) and males (30.48%). Females (40.03%) had a higher prevalence of dynapenia than males (34.19%) and females (4.56%) were frailer than males (2.42%).

Conclusions:
With advancing age, the prevalence of sarcopenia, dynapenia, and frailty increased. The changes become more prevalent after 70 years of age in both genders. Although sarcopenia was equally prevalent in both genders, dynapenia and frailty were more prevalent in women than men.
End-expiratory Occlusion Test and Mini-fluid Challenge Test for Predicting Fluid Responsiveness in Acute Circulatory Failure
Authors: Selvam Velmurugan , Shende Dilip , Anand Rahul Kumar , Kashyap Lokesh , Ray Bikash Ranjan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Predicting which patients with acute circulatory failure will respond to the fluid by an increase in cardiac output is a daily challenge. End-expiratory occlusion test (EEOT) and mini-fluid challenge (MFC) can be used for assessing fluid responsiveness in patients with spontaneous breathing activity, cardiac arrhythmias, low-tidal volume and/or low lung compliance.

Methods:
The objective of the study is to evaluate the value of EEOT and MFC-induced rise in left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) velocity time integral (VTI) in predicting fluid responsiveness in acute circulatory failure in comparison to the passive leg-raising (PLR) test. Hundred critically ill ventilated and sedated patients with acute circulatory failure were studied. LVOT VTI was measured by transthoracic echocardiography before and after EEOT (interrupting the ventilator at end-expiration over 15 s), and before and after MFC (100 ml of Ringer lactate was infused over 1 min). The variation of LVOT VTI after EEOT and the MFC was calculated from the baseline. Sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver-operating characteristic (AUROC) curve of LVOT VTI after EEOT and MFC to predict fluid responsiveness were determined.

Results:
After PLR, stroke volume (SV) increased by ≥12% in 49 patients, who were defined as responders and 34 patients in whom the increase in SV <12% were defined as nonresponders. A cutoff of 9.1% Change in VTI after MFC (∆VTIMFC) predicted fluid responsiveness with an AUROC of 0.96 (P < 0.001) with sensitivity and specificity of 91.5% and 88.9%, respectively. Change in VTI after EEOT (∆VTIEEOT) >4.3% predicted fluid responsiveness with sensitivity and specificity 89.4% and 88.9%, respectively, with an AUROC of 0.97 (P < 0.001), but in 17 patients, EEOT was not possible because triggering of the ventilator by the patient’s inspiratory effort.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, in mechanically ventilated patients with acute circulatory failure ∆ VTIMFC and ∆ VTI EEOT accurately predicts fluid responsiveness.
Anxiety Disorder among Undergraduate Medical Students of a Rural Tertiary Care Hospital of Gujarat, India Due to Coronavirus Disease-19 Pandemic Lockdown
Authors: Patel Hanee Dinesh , Chauhan Grishma Dinesh , Jain Dhairya Naresh , Patel Rudra 
Published: August 2023

Context:Mental wellbeing is of utmost importance in the 21stcentury but the coronavirus pandemic and simultaneous lockdown have brought uncertainty, fear among other issues disturbing the normal equilibrium and leading to disharmony in the mental wellbeing of university-going students.Aim:Find out prevalence and risk factors of anxiety disorder among undergraduate medical students of sbks medical institute and research center because of lockdown.Materials and Methods:It was a cross-sectional study. Participants were sent a preformed questionnaire that included a GAD-7 scale along with risk factors and socio-demographic questions via college social media groups. Simple random sampling method was used to select students.Results:Out of the 301 responses analysed, results showed 11.63% were screened to be experiencing severe anxiety, 19.27% moderate anxiety, 29.57% mild anxiety. Disturbance in academic study schedule (odds ratio [OR] = 8.461, 95% confidence interval [CI] (4.159,17.212),P< 0.001), inability of the participants to go outside as a routine (OR = 2.837, 95% CI (1.701,4.734),P< 0.001), inability to perform extracurricular activities (OR = 2.017, 95% CI (1.223, 3.328),P= 0.006) and the lack of offline/On-campus experience were significant factors leading to increased anxiety for the students (OR = 4.185, 95% CI (2.494, 7.022),P< 0.001).Conclusions:30.90% of the participants tested positive for anxiety disorder and disturbance in academic study schedule, lack of offline/on-campus experience, and inability to perform extracurricular activities were significant factors affecting anxiety levels of students.
Design and Fabrication of Improved Socket System, the Triple-Side Wall Expansion Socket System for Better Comfort of Transtibial Amputees
Authors: Patel Sahil Rasiklal , Mahato Gouri 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Transtibial prosthesis is a device specifically replaces the part of the leg that is below the knee joint. Mostly the amputees are dependent on others and live a sedentary life when they cannot function effectively and efficiently with their prosthesis.[1] To wear a prosthesis whole day long requires better comfort as well as the function along with the other components. The prosthetic socket is the main connector between the residual and prosthesis. Poor socket fitting directly affects socket comfort, function, and workability of the user, making them more dependent and psychologically depressed and weaker and creating challenges for the user, family, and rehabilitation professionals.[2]

Aims and Objective of the Study:
The purpose of the research work is to design and fabricate a comfortable socket design which can be fitted to provide better comfort to the users.

Methodology:
The study is based on custom-made socket where modification needs to be done on the socket part and in the fabrication procedure.

Results:
During fitment, 70% of users found it significantly comfortable and improved in ambulation.

Conclusions:
For the triple-side wall expansion socket system, it can be concluded that change in socket for better function is also could be an alternative for troublesome residual limb amputees.