bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures predict pharmacoresistance in focal cortical dysplasia–related epilepsy
Authors: Chang Phat , Xie Hua , Illapani Venkata Sita Priyanka , You Xiaozhen , Anwar Tayyba , Pasupuleti Archana , Vu Thuy‐Anh , Vezina L. Gilbert , Gholipour Taha , Oluigbo Chima O. , Zhang Anqing , Gaillard William Davis , Cohen Nathan T. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveFocal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is the most common etiology of surgically‐remediable epilepsy in children. Eighty‐seven percent of patients with FCD develop epilepsy (75% is pharmacoresistant epilepsy [PRE]). Focal to bilateral tonic–clonic (FTBTC) seizures are associated with worse surgical outcomes. We hypothesized that children with FCD‐related epilepsy with FTBTC seizures are more likely to develop PRE due to lesion interaction with restricted cortical neural networks.MethodsPatients were selected retrospectively from radiology and surgical databases from Children's National Hospital. Inclusion criteria: 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–confirmed FCD from January 2011 to January 2020; ages 0 days to 22 years at MRI; and 18 months of documented follow‐up. FCD dominant network (Yeo 7‐network parcellation) was determined. Association of FTBTC seizures with epilepsy severity, surgical outcome, and dominant network was tested. Binomial regression was used to evaluate predictors (FTBTC seizures, age at seizure onset, pathology, hemisphere, lobe) of pharmacoresistance and Engel outcome. Regression was used to evaluate predictors (age at seizure onset, pathology, lobe, percentage default mode network [DMN] overlap) of FTBTC seizures.ResultsOne hundred seventeen patients had a median age at seizure onset of 3.00 years (interquartile range [IQR] .42–5.59 years). Eighty‐three patients had PRE (71%); 34 had pharmacosensitive epilepsy (PSE) (29%). Twenty patients (17%) had FTBTC seizures. Seventy‐three patients underwent epilepsy surgery. Multivariate regression showed that FTBTC seizures are associated with an increased risk of PRE (odds ratio [OR] 6.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21–33.98,p = .02). FCD hemisphere/lobe was not associated with PRE. Percentage DMN overlap predicts FTBTC seizures. Seventy‐two percent (n = 52) overall and 53% (n = 9) of patients with FTBTC seizures achieved Engel class I outcome.SignificanceIn a heterogeneous population of surgical and non‐operated patients with FCD‐related epilepsy, the presence of FTBTC seizures is associated with a tremendous risk of PRE. This finding is a recognizable marker to help neurologists identify those children with FCD‐related epilepsy at high risk of PRE and can flag patients for earlier consideration of potentially curative surgery. The FCD‐dominant network also contributes to FTBTC seizure clinical expression.
Skin microbiome attributes associate with biophysical skin ageing
Authors: Zhou Wei , Fleming Elizabeth , Legendre Guylaine , Roux Lauriane , Latreille Julie , Gendronneau Gaëlle , Forestier Sandra , Oh Julia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTwo major arms of skin ageing are changes in the skin's biophysical conditions and alterations in the skin microbiome. This work partitioned both arms to study their interaction in detail. Leveraging the resolution provided by shotgun metagenomics, we explored how skin microbial species, strains and gene content interact with the biophysical traits of the skin during ageing. With a dataset well‐controlled for confounding factors, we found that skin biophysical traits, especially the collagen diffusion coefficient, are associated with the composition and the functional potential of the skin microbiome, including the abundance of bacterial strains found in nosocomial infections and the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes. Our findings reveal important associations between skin biophysical features and ageing‐related changes in the skin microbiome and generate testable hypotheses for the mechanisms of such associations.
Comparison study of unsupervised paraphrase detection: Deep learning—The key for semantic similarity detection
Authors: Vrbanec Tedo , Meštrović Ana 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAutomatic detection of concealed plagiarism in the form of paraphrases is a difficult task, and finding a successful unsupervised approach for paraphrase detection is necessary as a precondition to change that. This comparative study identified the most efficient methods for unsupervised paraphrased document detection using similarity measures alone or combined with Deep Learning (DL) models. It proved the hypothesis that some DL models are more successful than the best statistically‐based methods in that task. Many experiments were carried out, and their results were compared. The text similarities between documents are obtained from 60 different methods using five paraphrase corpora, including the new one made by authors, as an important original contribution. Some DL models achieved significantly better results than those obtained by the best statistical methods, especially pre‐trained transformer‐based language models with average values of Accuracy and F1 of 85.8% and 88.3%, respectively, with top values of 99.9% and 98.4% for Accuracy and F1 on some corpora. These results are even better than those of supervised and combined approaches. Therefore, here presented results prove that detecting concealed plagiarism becomes an attainable goal. This study highlighted those language models with the best overall results for paraphrase detection as best suited for further research. The study also discussed the choice of similarity/distance measure paired with embeddings produced by DL models and some advantages of using cosine similarity as the fastest measure. For 60 different methods, complexity has been defined in O notation. Times needed for their implementation have also been presented. The article's results and conclusions are a firm base for future semantic similarity, paraphrasing, and plagiarism detection studies, clearly marking state‐of‐the‐art tools and methods.
Intergenerational solidarity with digital communication and psychological well‐being among older parents during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Hwang Woosang , Fu Xiaoyu , Brown Maria T. , Silverstein Merril 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe aimed to identify intergenerational solidarity (emotional closeness, in‐person contact, phone contact, geographic proximity, consensus, and conflict) with digital communication (texting, video call, and social media interaction) with adult children among older parents during the COVID‐19 pandemic. In addition, we aimed to investigate whether intergenerational solidarity with digital communication latent classes were associated with older parents' psychological well‐being. We used the 2022 survey of the Longitudinal Study of Generations (LSOG). The sample consisted of 519 older parents who reported about 1245 adult children. Two‐level latent class analysis identified six classes at the child level (Level 1: distant but digitally connected, tight‐knit and digitally connected, tight‐knit traditional, detached, intimate but distant, and sociable). In addition, the analysis identified three classes at the parent level (Level 2: digitally connected, mixed, and intimate but distant). Results of multivariate regression showed that older parents in the digitally connected latent class had better psychological well‐being than those in the mixed latent class. Consequently, our finding indicates that digital solidarity with adult children can be beneficial for older parents' psychological well‐being during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Design, development and usability of an educational AI chatbot for People with Haemophilia in Senegal
Authors: Babington‐Ashaye Awa , de Moerloose Philippe , Diop Saliou , Geissbuhler Antoine 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionGaps in the disease knowledge of People with Haemophilia (PWH) in Senegal are important barriers to the effective management of haemophilia. Digital health systems for chronic diseases in low‐ and middle‐income countries are suggested to improve education and self‐management. Artificial Intelligence (AI) chatbots could improve knowledge and support symptom monitoring.AimDevelopment process and usability testing of an AI chatbot to assess its future adoption in Senegal.MethodsAn AI chatbot prototype was designed based on a multilingual conversational engine using Natural Language Processing. A sequential mixed method was used including a co‐creative design process with a task force made up of PWH and medical doctors. Usability was assessed through the System Usability Scale (SUS) questionnaire.ResultsAn AI chatbot in French and Wolof, named Saytù Hemophilie, was developed for Android and Apple iOS devices. It was assessed as a very usable system with a SUS score of 81.7, above average. 42% would prefer to use the Wolof version even if they were very satisfied with the French version. The level of Wolof in the app did not always correspond to users’ levels. Participants praised its accessibility and reliability, and its ability to enhance self‐learning.ConclusionsFindings suggest that a culturally adapted digital conversational agent is likely to be used by PWH in Senegal and their families to improve education and self‐management of haemophilia. Relevance and impact are foreseen for other communities in Africa and beyond.
Records of Nanhua island arc activity between the north and south Wuyi terranes in the Cathaysia Block
Authors: Liu Huan , Zhao Xilin , Jiang Jian , Zhang Jinguo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe characteristics and pre‐Devonian tectonic evolution between the North and South Wuyi terranes are important for understanding the tectonic framework and aggregation of the micro‐terrenes in the Cathaysia Block, as well as the evolution of the South China Block. This paper provides systematic studies on the petrologic features, zircon U–Pb geochronology and geochemical characteristics of the low‐grade meta‐volcanic and metasedimentary rocks between the North and South Wuyi terranes, and proposes an alternative model for their tectonic evolution. Geochronological data show that the metasedimentary rocks have detrital zircon U–Pb ages ranging from 583 to 3284 Ma with a record of the Nanhua period (764–722 Ma). The meta‐volcanic rocks have centralized ages ranging from 720 to 760 Ma and yield weighted average ages of 746–733 Ma. Geochemical studies of the meta‐volcanic rocks show similar characteristics to island arc magmatic rocks, with relatively high SiO2, K2O and Al2O3, low TFeO and MgO contents, and enrichment of Rb, Ba, Th, Pb and Hf elements, and depletion in Ti, Nb, Sr and Ta. These features indicate that the North and South Wuyi terranes may have collided at about 746–733 Ma and eventually pieced together at 583 Ma, with the protoliths of the meta‐volcanic rocks and the metasedimentary rocks formed in the same tectonic setting of an island arc during Nanhua island arc magmatism related to the collision. The occurrence of Nanhua island arc activity between the North and South Wuyi terranes suggests that multi‐micro‐terranes and multi‐stage collisions may be major characteristics of the tectonic evolution process in the Cathaysia Block.
A single‐center retrospective comparative analysis of urinary continence in robotic prostatectomy with a combination of umbilical ligament preservation and Hood technique
Authors: Shimmura Hiroaki , Banno Taro , Nakamura Kazutaka , Murayama Anju , Shigeta Haruki , Sawano Toyoaki , Kouchi Yukiko , Ozaki Akihiko , Yamabe Fumito , Iizuka Junpei , Takagi Toshio 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesData available on the effect of the recently developed Hood technique and its modified iterations in robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy on postoperative urinary continence are insufficient. We evaluated the time to achieve urinary continence with the modified Hood technique compared with the standard or umbilical ligament preservation robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy.MethodsThis retrospective analysis examines patient records for those who underwent robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy at the Jyoban Hospital of Tokiwa Foundation in Fukushima, Japan, from 2017 to 2021. The main outcome was to determine significant differences in the time taken to achieve urinary continence among the three procedure types. We employed the Kaplan–Meier survival analysis to estimate the time to achieve urinary continence in the three procedure types of robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy. Additionally, we used a Cox regression hazard model to evaluate the association between the time to achieve urinary continence and the procedure types.ResultsWe considered 196 patients in this study. The estimated rates of achieving urinary continence at 6 months following standard, umbilical ligament preservation, and modified Hood technique robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy were 77.6%, 89.5%, and 100%, respectively. The multivariable Cox hazard regression model showed that patients who underwent the modified Hood technique were significantly more likely to achieve urinary continence than those who underwent the standard robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy.ConclusionsThe modified Hood technique achieved better urinary continence outcomes, with all patients with the procedure achieving urinary continence at 6 months. Further randomized controlled trials are required to validate this finding.
Characteristics of uroflowmetry patterns in men with detrusor underactivity revealed by artificial intelligence
Authors: Matsukawa Yoshihisa , Kameya Yoshitaka , Takahashi Tomoichi , Shimazu Atsuki , Ishida Shohei , Yamada Muneo , Sassa Naoto , Yamamoto Tokunori 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesTo elucidate the characteristics of uroflowmetry (UFM) observed in men with detrusor underactivity (DU) using our developed artificial intelligence (AI) diagnostic algorithm to distinguish between DU and bladder outlet obstruction (BOO).MethodsSubjective and objective parameters, including four UFM parameters (first peak flow rate, time to first peak, gradient to first peak, and the ratio of first peak flow rate to maximum flow rate [Qmax]) selected by analyzing the judgment basis of the AI diagnostic system, were compared in 266 treatment‐naive men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Patients were divided into the DU (70; 26.32%) and non‐DU (196; 73.68%) groups, and the UFM parameters for predicting the presence of DU were determined by multivariate analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Detrusor underactivity was defined as a bladder contractility index <100 and a BOO index <40.ResultsMost parameters on the first peak flow of UFM were significantly lower in the DU group. On multivariate analysis, lower first peak flow rate and lower ratio of first peak flow rate to Qmax were significant parameters to predict DU. In the ROC analysis, the ratio of the first peak flow rate to Qmax showed the highest area under the curve (0.848) and yielded sensitivities of 76% and specificities of 83% for DU diagnosis, with cutoff values of 0.8.ConclusionsParameters on the first peak flow of UFM, especially the ratio of the first peak flow rate to Qmax, can diagnose DU with high accuracy in men with LUTS.
Sexe, situation de famille, état de santé: les facteurs explicatifs des inégalités de pension dans le modèle de retraite chilien
Authors: PARADA‐CONTZEN Marcela 
Published: June 2023

RésuméL'autrice cherche à mesurer l'impact des événements de vie sur le capital‐vieillesse dans le contexte du Chili, où le régime de prévoyance repose sur des comptes d'épargne individuels obligatoires. Cet impact empruntant des canaux multiples, elle utilise un système d'équations corrélées, qui rendent compte du comportement d'activité, du choix du fonds de pension, des décisions d'épargne, de la propension au risque, de la situation familiale et de l'état de santé. L'analyse montre que les problèmes de santé n'ont pas d'effet sexué sur la retraite, contrairement aux chocs liés aux caractéristiques familiales, qui ont un impact plus important pour les femmes que pour les hommes.
Elaboración de un índice compuesto de calidad del empleo de las personas LGBTQ+ en Quebec (Canadá)
Authors: BAIOCCO Michele , BLAIS Martin , SAMOILENKO Mariia , CHAMBERLAND Line , CÔTÉ Isabel 
Published: June 2023

ResumenEl heterosexismo y el cisgenerismo pueden dar lugar a experiencias de exclusión social en el trabajo, que perturban el bienestar de las personas LGBTQ+. Para medir esta realidad, los autores elaboran un índice específico de calidad del empleo, basado en datos de una muestra de 1761 trabajadores de Quebec, seleccionados en el marco de la encuesta UNIE‐LGBTQ (2019‐2020). Este índice, creado a partir de puntuaciones factoriales, comprende 16 indicadores y 5 dimensiones. Tiene una coherencia interna aceptable y se asocia moderadamente con la satisfacción laboral de las personas LGBTQ+. El índice revela las diferencias esperadas entre los grupos, lo que confirma su validez de constructo.
Effectiveness of virtual reality in reducing preoperative anxiety in adults: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Gao Yan , Wang Nan , Liu Naiquan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimTo evaluate the impact of a virtual reality (VR) intervention on adult patients' preoperative anxiety, heart rate, respiration rate and blood pressure.DesignA systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).Data SourcesA librarian‐designed search of the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, CINAHL, CBM, CNKI and Wanfang databases was conducted to identify research studies in English or Chinese on RCTs from their inception to 31 May 2022. Detailed search strategies and the checklist are provieded in Supplementary filesS1andS2.Review MethodsTwo researchers independently screened eligible studies. The Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions was used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. A fixed‐ or random‐effects meta‐analysis model was used to determine the pooled mean difference based on the results of the heterogeneity test.ResultsThis study included 11 articles with a total of 892 participants. VR distraction comprised five studies, and VR exposure consisted of six studies. The results indicated that VR could reduce preoperative anxiety in adult patients and VR exposure seems to be more effective. The results also indicated that VR intervention can effectively reduce patients' heart rate and blood pressure compared to traditional intervention methods, but had no significant effect on respiration rate.ConclusionVR technology could relieve preoperative anxiety in adult patients through distraction or exposure. More well‐designed RCTs containing a wider range of surgical types are needed to verify our findings before we can make strong recommendations.ImpactOur systematic review and meta‐analysis show a positive effect of VR distraction and exposure interventions in reducing preoperative anxiety in adult patients. We suggest incorporating VR into preoperative procedures as an auxiliary way to reduce negative emotions in eligible patients.No Patient or Public ContributionOur paper is a systematic review and meta‐analysis and such details do not apply to our work.
Genome‐wide association studies for epistatic genetic effects on fertility and reproduction traits in Holstein cattle
Authors: Alves Kristen , Brito Luiz F. , Sargolzaei Mehdi , Schenkel Flavio S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNon‐additive genetic effects are well known to play an important role in the phenotypic expression of complex traits, such as fertility and reproduction. In this study, a genome scan was performed using 41,640 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers to identify genomic regions associated with epistatic (additive‐by‐additive) effects in fertility and reproduction traits in Holstein cattle. Nine fertility and reproduction traits were analysed on 5825 and 6090 Holstein heifers and cows with phenotypes and genotypes, respectively. The Marginal Epistasis Test (MAPIT) was used to identify SNPs with significant marginal epistatic effects at a chromosome‐wise 5% and 10% false discovery rate (FDR) level. The −log10(p) values were adjusted by the genomic inflation factor (λ) to correct for the potential bias on the p‐values and minimize the possible effects of population stratification. After adjustments, MAPIT enabled the identification of genomic regions with significant marginal epistatic effects for heifers on BTA5 for age at first insemination, BTA3 and BTA24 for non‐return rate (NRR); BTA16 and BTA28 for gestation length (GL); BTA1, BTA4 and BTA17 for stillbirth (SB). For the cow traits, MAPIT enabled the identification of regions on BTA11 for GL, BTA11 and BTA16 for SB and BTA19 for calf size (CZ). An additional approach for mapping epistasis in a genome‐wide association study was also proposed, in which the genome scan was performed using estimates of epistatic values as the input pseudo‐phenotypes, computed using single‐trait animal models. Significant SNPs were identified at the chromosome‐wise 5% and 10% FDR levels for all traits. For the heifer traits, significant regions were found on BTA7 for AFS; BTA12 for NRR; BTA14 and BTA19 for GL; BTA19 for calving ease (CE); BTA5, BTA24, BTA25 and in the X chromosome for SB; BTA23 and in the X chromosome for CZ and in the X chromosome for the number of services (NS). For the cow traits, significant regions were found on BTA29 and in the X chromosome for NRR, BTA11, BTA16 and in the X chromosome for SB, BTA2 for GL, BTA28 for CZ, BTA19 for calving to first insemination, and in the X chromosome for NS and first insemination to conception. The results suggest that the epistatic genetic effects are likely due to many loci with a small effect rather than few loci with a large effect and/or a single SNP marker alone do not capture the epistatic effects well. The genomic architecture of fertility and reproduction traits is complex, and these results should be validated in independent dairy cattle populations and using alternative statistical models.