bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel parallel unsupervised texture segmentation approach
Authors: Ge Guangtao 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This study presents a new idea for unsupervised texture segmentation from the angle of bionics. According to this idea, a novel approach called “side-by-side superposition unsupervised texture segmentation (SSUTS)” is designed. When doing texture segmentation in this paper, the traditional time–frequency analysis-based methods are improved by introducing the analytic phase theory and the Bi-dimensional Empirical mode decomposition (BEMD) theory. Experiments prove that the SSUTS approach is effective in texture segmentation of different styles.

Article Highlights

From the angle of bionics, an effective approach called “side-by-side superposition unsupervised texture segmentation (SSUTS)” is proposed in this paper.

To get reasonable choice of texture segmentation tool for the approach of SSUTS, some classic texture segmentation methods are analyzed and compared in this paper.

This paper shows and explains the improvements in texture segmentation, when the Bi-dimensional Empirical Mode Decomposition (BEMD) theory and the two-dimensional analytic phase theory are applied in some classic texture segmentation methods.
Oil spill vulnerable areas in Arzew Gulf: a study case
Authors: Chabi Nacira , Houma Bachari Fouzia , Bachari Nour El-Islam , Bouda Abderrahmane 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study focuses on the Gulf of Arzew in Oran, an important area of the Algerian economy and the first Algerian port in terms of hydrocarbon exports. Oil spills in this area represent a severe risk that can disrupt the marine and coastal ecosystem. Therefore, the aim is to estimate marine waters’ vulnerability to oil pollution, which has become a significant problem worldwide. Predictive simulations of oil slick drift, which may occur in the coastal area of Arzew in Oran, northwest Algeria, were carried out to study, prevent and map the spread of an oil spill in the context of a hypothetical oil spill. For this purpose, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s general operational oil modeling environment and the Automated Data Inquiry for Oil Spills were also used. The results show that approximately 29.7 km of shoreline could potentially be impacted by oil during the winter season, with an evaporation rate of more than 74.6% of the spilled amount. In addition, the simulation results indicate that the area could be affected in distinct ways depending on the season, with completely different oil slick trajectories. It is important to note that no oil slick modeling work has been done in this area to date, although oil spills represent a serious risk that can disrupt coastal resources such as fisheries, tourism, aquatic life, and shoreline physical resources. The mapping results propose a new transposable approach to coastal risk and could serve as a decision-making tool.
Complete sets in normed linear spaces
Authors: He Chan , Martini Horst , Wu Senlin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA bounded subset of a (finite or infinite dimensional) normed linear space is said to be complete (or diametrically complete) if it cannot be enlarged without increasing its diameter. Any bounded subsetAof a normed linear space is contained in a complete set having the same diameter, which is called a completion ofA. We survey characterizations, basic properties, facts about structure of the interior and boundary, and the asymmetry of complete sets. Different methods to obtain completions of bounded sets are presented. Moreover, the structure of the space of complete sets endowed with the Hausdorff metric and relations of this set family to related set families and notions are discussed. For example, we mean here sets of constant width, balls, reduced sets, sets of constant diameter, and sets of constant radius.
Through the labyrinth: women in the public universities of Pakistan
Authors: Lashari Maryam Nawaz 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to find out how women negotiate their path to leadership; the barriers and facilitators and how they navigated them to reach the top. An inductive, qualitative approach has been used to systematically analyze the in-depth open-ended responses of female leaders in public higher education institutions and note emergent themes. Women face various endogenous and exogenous challenges in their journey to the top. The major emergent themes turned out to be personal cognizance, individual development, breaking gender stereotypes, and embracing and translating gynandrous leadership by women leaders. Familial support and women-friendly organizational policies were regarded as the most significant enablers. The major barriers turned out to be a lack of institutional support and grit among women. The metaphor of the labyrinth turned out to be an apt metaphor for studying the journeys of women. This research is limited by survivor bias as it only studies women who successfully navigated the labyrinth to the top but not those who got lost in the labyrinth. This study examines the leadership journeys of women leaders in public higher education in Pakistan by extending the metaphor of a labyrinth in the public sector in academia. It also proposes a conceptual model of how women navigate the labyrinth.
Hybrid theory of corporate legal personhood and its application to artificial intelligence
Authors: Raskulla Siina 
Published: May 2023

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) is often compared to corporations in legal studies when discussing AI legal personhood. This article also uses this analogy between AI and companies to study AI legal personhood but contributes to the discussion by utilizing the hybrid model of corporate legal personhood. The hybrid model simultaneously applies the real entity, aggregate entity, and artificial entity models. This article adopts a legalistic position, in which anything can be a legal person. However, there might be strong pragmatic reasons not to confer legal personhood on non-human entities. The article recognizes that artificial intelligence is autonomous by definition and has greater de facto autonomy than corporations and, consequently, greater potential for de jure autonomy. Therefore, AI has a strong attribute to be a real entity. Nevertheless, the article argues that AI has key characteristics from the aggregate entity and artificial entity models. Therefore, the hybrid entity model is more applicable to AI legal personhood than any single model alone. The discussion recognises that AI might be too autonomous for legal personhood. Still, it concludes that the hybrid model is a useful analytical framework as it incorporates legal persons with different levels of de jure and de facto autonomy.
Use of a simple passive monitoring system to assess detention basin stormwater
Authors: Riley Jesse , Hargiss Christina , Norland Jack 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe ability to monitor stormwater quality while in detention basins would be useful for stormwater managers. A simple passive method of monitoring vertical elevations of pooled stormwater in detention basins was developed. The simple method used plastic buckets with holes drilled into them to collect water as stormwater filled the basin from first flush to peak. The method was installed at three different detention basins and stormwater was collected using the simple passive system at different vertical pool elevations for three storm events. Total suspended solids were found to decline from first flush in keeping with other studies on stormwater. In addition, total phosphorous and E. coli were found to differ among storm events and pool elevations. The simple passive vertical water quality assessment system was found to produce reliable results similar to what others have found. The advantages of this assessment method were that it reduced exposure of personnel to hazardous conditions, was low cost, and was a simple, uncomplicated way to sample stormwater.
Discrepancies of remote techno-tolerance due to COVID-19 pandemic within Arab middle-east countries
Authors: Abu-Hashem Muhannad A. , Gutub Adnan , Salem Osama , Shambour Mohd Khaled , Shambour Qusai , Shehab Mohammad , Izzat Ahmad , Alrawashdeh Mufda J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) changed the world’s lifestyle switching many techno-services to be provided remotely instead of direct usual physical interactions between people. This study focused on university students’ perceptions of this virtual technology-engineering change as discrepancies to be analyzed. The research surveyed 777 different students from four Arab middle-east neighboring countries, with related demographics and specifications, expressing full remarkable experiences of e-technology in virtual as well as traditional performances helping reveal overall tolerance possibilities. The study adopted examination technology via ANOVA to test discrepancies within students' perceptions for overall multi-factors deep analysis classification. The exploration highlighted an interesting range of pros and cons remarks including feminism and economic effect as well as other cultural and engineering interaction issues, raising signals to essentially consider and mutually benefit from adequate future generation e-techno adaptation within the region.
Monocular Based Navigation System for Autonomous Ground Robots Using Multiple Deep Learning Models
Authors: Machkour Zakariae , Ortiz-Arroyo Daniel , Durdevic Petar 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn recent years, the development of ground robots with human-like perception capabilities has led to the use of multiple sensors, including cameras, lidars, and radars, along with deep learning techniques for detecting and recognizing objects and estimating distances. This paper proposes a computer vision-based navigation system that integrates object detection, segmentation, and monocular depth estimation using deep neural networks to identify predefined target objects and navigate towards them with a single monocular camera as a sensor. Our experiments include different sensitivity analyses to evaluate the impact of monocular cues on distance estimation. We show that this system can provide a ground robot with the perception capabilities needed for autonomous navigation in unknown indoor environments without the need for prior mapping or external positioning systems. This technique provides an efficient and cost-effective means of navigation, overcoming the limitations of other navigation techniques such as GPS-based and SLAM-based navigation.Graphical Abstract
The Materiality of Numbers
Authors: Overmann Karenleigh A. , Wynn Tom 
Published: May 2023

This is a book about numbers – what they are as concepts and how and why they originate – as viewed through the material devices used to represent and manipulate them. Fingers, tallies, tokens, and written notations, invented in both ancestral and contemporary societies, explain what numbers are, why they are the way they are, and how we get them. Overmann is the first to explore how material devices contribute to numerical thinking, initially by helping us to visualize and manipulate the perceptual experience of quantity that we share with other species. She explores how and why numbers are conceptualized and then elaborated, as well as the central role that material objects play in both processes. Overmann's volume thus offers a view of numerical cognition that is based on an alternative set of assumptions about numbers, their material component, and the nature of the human mind and thinking.
The role of social affiliation in incitement: A social semiotic approach to far-right terrorists’ incitement to violence
Authors: Etaywe Awni , Zappavigna Michele 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOne key aspect of threat in terrorists’ language is incitement to violence. Contributing to a fuller understanding of how terrorists use language to encourage people to join their cause, this article examines the role of evaluative language in incitement strategies used by a far-rightist to align with and alienate particular social groups. The Affiliation framework (Knight 2010a; Zappavigna 2011; Etaywe & Zappavigna 2021; Etaywe 2022a), as grounded in systemic functional linguistics, is used to understand how values and social bonds are leveraged in the process of incitement, as explored in a manifesto published online by Brenton Tarrant, preceding his 2019 terrorist attack on two mosques in New Zealand. The findings reveal two main affiliation strategies used for incitement: communion (forging solidarity and alignments) and alienation. These strategies function to construct opposing social groups in discourse, with the condemned groups positioned as a threat, hostility legitimated as morally reasonable, and violence as warranted. (Far-right extremism, incitement, hate crimes, affiliation, morality of terrorism, forensic linguistics, conspiracy theory discourse)
The virtual element method
Authors: Beirão Da Veiga Lourenço , Brezzi Franco , Marini L. Donatella , Russo Alessandro 
Published: May 2023

The present review paper has several objectives. Its primary aim is to give an idea of the general features of virtual element methods (VEMs), which were introduced about a decade ago in the field of numerical methods for partial differential equations, in order to allow decompositions of the computational domain into polygons or polyhedra of a very general shape.Nonetheless, the paper is also addressed to readers who have already heard (and possibly read) about VEMs and are interested in gaining more precise information, in particular concerning their application in specific subfields such as
${C}^1$
-approximations of plate bending problems or approximations to problems in solid and fluid mechanics.
ON THREE-VALUED PRESENTATIONS OF CLASSICAL LOGIC
Authors: DA RÉ BRUNO , SZMUC DAMIAN , CHEMLA EMMANUEL , ÉGRÉ PAUL 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGiven a three-valued definition of validity, which choice of three-valued truth tables for the connectives can ensure that the resulting logic coincides exactly with classical logic? We give an answer to this question for the five monotonic consequence relations
$st$
,
$ss$
,
$tt$
,
$ss\cap tt$
, and
$ts$
, when the connectives are negation, conjunction, and disjunction. For
$ts$
and
$ss\cap tt$
the answer is trivial (no scheme works), and for
$ss$
and
$tt$
it is straightforward (they are the collapsible schemes, in which the middle value acts like one of the classical values). For
$st$
, the schemes in question are the Boolean normal schemes that are either monotonic or collapsible.
Transition to retirement impact on risk of depression and suicidality: results from a longitudinal analysis of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE)
Authors: Mosconi G. , Vigezzi G. P. , Bertuccio P. , Amerio A. , Odone A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimsDepression is among the main contributors to older adults’ mental health burden. Retirement, one of the major life transitions, has been claimed to influence mental health substantially. Following up on a previous meta-analysis, the study aims to assess from a longitudinal perspective short- and long-term impacts of transitioning to retirement on depression risk and suicidality in older adults across Europe.MethodsWe conducted a longitudinal study using data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), collected between 2004 and 2020 in 27 European countries plus Israel. To estimate relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for depression and suicidality at seven time intervals before and after retirement, we fitted adjusted generalized estimating equation models for repeated measures.ResultsWe included 8,998 individuals employed at baseline and retired at follow-up (median follow-up time: 9 years; maximum: 16 years). Compared to the year of retirement, the risk of depression was 11% lower in the following year (RR 0.89; 95% CI 0.81–0.99), 9% lower after 2 years (RR 0.91; 95% CI 0.82–1.00) and after 3 years (RR 0.91; 95% CI 0.81–1.01). Significant estimates remained among females, married individuals, those with an intermediate or higher level of education, former manual workers and those who retired at or before their country’s median retirement age. A significant increase in depressive symptoms emerged from the tenth year after retirement among former non-manual workers (RR 1.21; 95% CI 1.05–1.40) and late retirees (RR 1.37; 95% CI 1.16–1.63). No heterogeneity emerged among strata. As for suicidality, we reported an increase in risk only 5 years or more after retirement, namely +30% 5–9 years after retirement (RR 1.30; 95% CI 1.04–1.64) and +47% 10 or more years after retirement (RR 1.47; 95% CI 1.09–1.98). Sensitivity analyses excluding subjects who reported a diagnosis of depression over the study period and those retirees who declared to receive a disability pension confirmed the results obtained in the overall analysis.ConclusionsLongitudinal adjusted data suggest an independent effect of retiring associated with a reduction in depression and suicidality risk in the short run, with its effect decreasing in the long run. Such trends are particularly evident among selected subgroups of elderly populations. If greater flexibility in pensionable age may help prevent depression late in life, the transition to retirement is to be accompanied by targeted health promotion interventions. In an ageing society, welfare policies should be evaluated, considering their long-term impact on mental health.
Microscale Magnetic Inversion of Remanent Magnetization Mineral Sources From the Black Hill Norite, South Australia
Authors: Lee M. D. , McEnroe S. , Pastore Z. , Church N. , Schmidt P. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInverse modeling of regional‐scale aeromagnetic data is complicated due to the non‐uniqueness principle and interference of anomalies, especially with increased source‐sensor separation. This is why in situ data and constraints are required to create a reliable inversion model. However, these complications even exist when analysis is conducted at a microscale level with the magnetic mapping of a thin section. Here, we assess the impact of magnetic minerals on adjacent non‐magnetic minerals, specifically magnetite and ilmenite, respectively. The sample is from the Black Hill Norite, South Australia, which has been the focus of both paleomagnetic and geophysical modeling. Here, we conduct inverse modeling of all opaque minerals in the thin section. During post‐modeling, the opaque minerals are identified as magnetite or ilmenite using backscatter electron imaging for quantifiable classification. The results show that ilmenite will exhibit a magnetic intensity and direction when magnetite lamellae are present or when it is adjacent to a magnetite grain from which the ilmenite grain was oxy‐exsolved. We also assess the scale of interpretation by modeling the grains both as a singular volume (frustum) and as a series of smaller volumes (tabular arrays). It is shown that although the magnetic field generated by the frustums and the tabular arrays are quantitatively similar to the original measured magnetic field from the scanning magnetic microscope, the tabular array produces a closer fit to the modeled anomaly.
Direct H2S, HS− and pH Measurements of High‐Temperature Hydrothermal Vent Fluids With In Situ Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Li Lianfu , Li Zimeng , Zhong Richen , Du Zengfeng , Luan Zhendong , Xi Shichuan , Zhang Xin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHydrothermal H2S is an important energy source for hydrothermal ecosystems. However, it is difficult to obtain accurate hydrogen sulfide concentrations in high‐temperature hydrothermal fluids because they are highly susceptible to oxidation and compositional variability with mixing. In this study, a new in situ approach for measuring H2S, HS− and pH in hydrothermal fluids was developed and applied to the detections of Okinawa Trough hydrothermal activities. The in situ total H2S concentrations in the Jade and Biwako fluids were determined to be 31.4 and 76.7 mmol/kg, respectively. The in situ measured pH of the Jade fluids was determined to be 6.3, which has exceeded that of a neutral fluid at a specific temperature and pressure, indicating that the pH of Jade fluids is weakly alkaline. The pH transition of hydrothermal fluids from alkaline to acidic may be attributed to the thermal decomposition of organic matter and sulfide precipitation.
Long‐Term Support Is Needed for Crucial Ground‐Based Sensor Networks
Authors: Gannon J. L. , Morley S. , Lugaz N. , Liu H. , Carter B. , Zou S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRecently, many in the space weather community have taken up the cause to advocate for an orphan among our own. It’s an important fight—for ground‐based sensor networks. Although ground‐based sensors are used across all disciplines of space weather, in terms of long‐term support, they have no single clear home in any United States agency or department. This has resulted in an ongoing struggle throughout the community to maintain important space weather sensors and networks.
Metabolic influence of core ciliates within the rumen microbiome
Authors: Andersen Thea O , Altshuler Ianina , Vera-Ponce de León Arturo , Walter Juline M , McGovern Emily , Keogh Kate , Martin Cécile , Bernard Laurence , Morgavi Diego P , Park Tansol , Li Zongjun , Jiang Yu , Firkins Jeffrey L , Yu Zhongtang , Hvidsten Torgeir R , Waters Sinead M , Popova Milka , Arntzen Magnus Ø , Hagen Live H , Pope Phillip B 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Protozoa comprise a major fraction of the microbial biomass in the rumen microbiome, of which the entodiniomorphs (order: Entodiniomorphida) and holotrichs (order: Vestibuliferida) are consistently observed to be dominant across a diverse genetic and geographical range of ruminant hosts. Despite the apparent core role that protozoal species exert, their major biological and metabolic contributions to rumen function remain largely undescribed in vivo. Here, we have leveraged (meta)genome-centric metaproteomes from rumen fluid samples originating from both cattle and goats fed diets with varying inclusion levels of lipids and starch, to detail the specific metabolic niches that protozoa occupy in the context of their microbial co-habitants. Initial proteome estimations via total protein counts and label-free quantification highlight that entodiniomorph species Entodinium and Epidinium as well as the holotrichs Dasytricha and Isotricha comprise an extensive fraction of the total rumen metaproteome. Proteomic detection of protozoal metabolism such as hydrogenases (Dasytricha, Isotricha, Epidinium, Enoploplastron), carbohydrate-active enzymes (Epidinium, Diplodinium, Enoploplastron, Polyplastron), microbial predation (Entodinium) and volatile fatty acid production (Entodinium and Epidinium) was observed at increased levels in high methane-emitting animals. Despite certain protozoal species having well-established reputations for digesting starch, they were unexpectedly less detectable in low methane emitting-animals fed high starch diets, which were instead dominated by propionate/succinate-producing bacterial populations suspected of being resistant to predation irrespective of host. Finally, we reaffirmed our abovementioned observations in geographically independent datasets, thus illuminating the substantial metabolic influence that under-explored eukaryotic populations have in the rumen, with greater implications for both digestion and methane metabolism.