bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Local electronic structure of interstitial hydrogen in MgH2 inferred from muon study
Authors: Kadono Ryosuke , Hiraishi Masatoshi , Okabe Hirotaka , Koda Akihiro , U Ito Takashi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Magnesium hydride has great potential as a solid hydrogen (H) storage material because of its high H storage capacity of 7.6 wt%. However, its slow hydrogenation and dehydrogenation kinetics and the high temperature of 300 ∘C required for decomposition are major obstacles to small-scale applications such as automobiles. The local electronic structure of interstitial H in MgH2 is an important fundamental knowledge in solving this problem, which has been studied mainly based on density functional theory (DFT). However, few experimental studies have been performed to assess the results of DFT calculations. We have therefore introduced muon (Mu) as pseudo-H into MgH2 and investigated the corresponding interstitial H states by analyzing their electronic and dynamical properties in detail. As a result, we observed multiple Mu states similar to those observed in wide-gap oxides, and found that their electronic states can be attributed to relaxed–excited states associated with donor/acceptor levels predicted by the recently proposed ‘ambipolarity model’. This provides an indirect support for the DFT calculations on which the model is based via the donor/acceptor levels. An important implication of the muon results for improved hydrogen kinetics is that dehydrogenation, serving as a reduction for hydrides, stabilises the interstitial H− state.
A high performance lead-free flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator based on AlFeO3 nanorods interspersed in PDMS matrix for biomechanical energy scavenging to sustainably power electronics
Authors: Bhattacharyya Debalina , Badhulika Sushmee 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Since lead-based piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) possess serious health risks, environmental problems, proper disposal issues, and biocompatibility concerns, this work presents the fabrication of a flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator utilizing lead-free orthorhombic AlFeO3 nanorods for biomechanical energy scavenging to sustainably power electronics. Hydrothermal technique is used to synthesize the AlFeO3 nanorods and the PENG was fabricated on Indium tin oxide (ITO) coated Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) flexible film with AlFeO3 nanorods interspersed in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). transmission electron microscopy proved that the AlFeO3 nanoparticles are of nanorods shape. Through x-ray Diffraction, it is validated that AlFeO3 nanorods have orthorhombic phase and crystalline structure. A high piezoelectric charge coefficient (d

33
) of 400 pm V−1 is obtained from the piezoelectric force microscopy of AlFeO3 nanorods. With optimized concentration of AlFeO3 in the polymer matrix, an open circuit voltage (V
OC) of 30.5 V, current density (J
C) of 0.7888

±
0.0001

μA cm−2 and an instantaneous power density of 240.6 mW m−2 are obtained under the application of a force of 1.25 kgf. To investigate the nanogenerator’s practical utility, the PENG is used for lighting multiple LEDs, charging of a capacitor and as a pedometer via biomechanical energy harvesting. Hence, it can be employed for developing various self-powered wearable electronics such as flexible skin, artificial cutaneous sensors, etc.
Multi-scale and local feature guidance network for corneal nerve fiber segmentation
Authors: Tang Wei , Chen Xinjian , Yuan Jin , Meng Qingquan , Shi Fei , Xiang Dehui , Chen Zhongyue , Zhu Weifang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objective. Corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) is a rapid and non-invasive ophthalmic imaging technique that can reveal corneal nerve fiber. The automatic segmentation of corneal nerve fiber in CCM images is vital for the subsequent abnormality analysis, which is the main basis for the early diagnosis of degenerative neurological systemic diseases such as diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Approach. In this paper, a U-shape encoder–decoder structure based multi-scale and local feature guidance neural network (MLFGNet) is proposed for the automatic corneal nerve fiber segmentation in CCM images. Three novel modules including multi-scale progressive guidance (MFPG) module, local feature guided attention (LFGA) module, and multi-scale deep supervision (MDS) module are proposed and applied in skip connection, bottom of the encoder and decoder path respectively, which are designed from both multi-scale information fusion and local information extraction perspectives to enhance the network’s ability to discriminate the global and local structure of nerve fibers. The proposed MFPG module solves the imbalance between semantic information and spatial information, the LFGA module enables the network to capture attention relationships on local feature maps and the MDS module fully utilizes the relationship between high-level and low-level features for feature reconstruction in the decoder path. Main results. The proposed MLFGNet is evaluated on three CCM image Datasets, the Dice coefficients reach 89.33%, 89.41%, and 88.29% respectively. Significance. The proposed method has excellent segmentation performance for corneal nerve fibers and outperforms other state-of-the-art methods.
Numerical study of self-organized filaments affected by flow field in dielectric barrier discharges
Authors: Zhang Jiao , Tang Weiwei , Wang Yanhui , Wang Dezhen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Static and dynamic self-organized patterns are observed in dielectric barrier discharge by numerical simulation. The static pattern is characterized by regularly distributed standing discharge channels/filaments, and its morphology is significantly dependent on discharge parameters such as electrode size and voltage. The interaction between the filaments proves to be electrostatic repulsive force. The introduction of the external flow field breaks the stability of the pattern which finally results in the formation of a quasi-static pattern with a displaced filament or dynamic pattern with directional moving filaments. The thrust from the flow should be responsible for the motion of the filaments, which may also be described from the microscopic view that the neutral background atoms transfer the momentum to species by the collision. Moreover, the filaments may also exhibit particle-like behaviors, such as collision, vanishment, and generation under the effect of flow.
Preparation and performance research of porous and Venus flytrap-shaped IPMC
Authors: Li Jiahua , Tian Aifen , Zhai Zhengxin , Zhang Dongsheng , Du Huiling 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Ionic polymer–metal composite (IPMC) is a new type of artificial muscle material. It is often used as the driver of bionic micro animals and plants because of its low driving voltage, large deformation and high sensitivity. The water uptake (WUP) of IPMC is an important factor affecting its driving performance. Considering this, a series of porous IPMCs with different content of nano Fe3O4 were prepared by particle leaching and electroless plating. Owing to the existence of a porous structure, the transportation channels of water molecules are greatly increased, which improves the WUP and driving performance of the IPMC. Combined with the inspiration of the stoma’s natural plant body structure, porous IPMC (P-IPMC) was applied to the bionic Venus flytrap (VF) actuator. The experimental results show that when the nano Fe3O4 content is between 0.1 wt% and 0.5 wt%, the performance of P-IPMC is better than that of non-porous IPMC (NP-IPMC). From the performance response of the NP-VF and P-VF actuators, P-VF can meet the requirements of a similar shape and motion state to the natural flytrap at a voltage value of 4 V, which is better than the driving performance of NP-VF. This paper lays a foundation for the improvement of driving performance and the diversified use of IPMC.
Constraints on modified gravity from the BOSS galaxy survey
Authors: Piga L. , Marinucci M. , D'Amico G. , Pietroni M. , Vernizzi F. , Wright B.S. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We develop a pipeline to set new constraints on scale-independent modified gravity, from the galaxy power spectrum in redshift space of BOSS DR12. The latter is modelled using the effective field theory of large-scale structure up to 1-loop order in perturbation theory.
We test our pipeline on synthetic and simulated data, to assess systematic biases on the inferred cosmological parameters due to marginalization and theoretical errors, and we apply it to the normal branch of the DGP model with a ΛCDM background. When applied to synthetic data and cosmological simulations, we observe biased posteriors due to the strong degeneracy between the nDGP parameter Ωrc and the primordial amplitude of fluctuations As
. Fixing the latter to the Planck central value, we obtain a posterior distribution with Ωrc ≲ 0.65 at 95% C.L., under the assumption of a flat prior on log10 Ωrc. This upper bound, however, depends strongly on the prior on Ωrc. To alleviate this effect, we provide an upper bound based on the Bayes factor between the nDGP model and ΛCDM model, which gives Ωrc ≲ 0.2 at 95% C.L..
Scaling behavior of observables as a model characteristic in multifield inflation
Authors: Lynker Monika , Schimmrigk Rolf 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
One of the fundamental questions in inflation is how to characterize the structure of
different types of models in the field theoretic landscape. Proposals in this direction include
attempts to directly characterize the formal structure of the theory by considering complexity
measures of the potentials. An alternative intrinsic approach is to focus on the behavior of the
observables that result from different models and to ask whether their behavior differs among
models. This type of analysis can be applied even to nontrivial multifield theories where a
natural measure of the complexity of the model is not obvious and the analytical evaluation of the
observables is often impossible. In such cases one may still compute these observables
numerically and investigate their behavior. One interesting case is when observables show a
scaling behavior, in which case theories can be characterized in terms of their scaling amplitudes
and exponents. Generically, models have nontrivial parameter spaces, leading to exponents that are
functions of these parameters. In such cases we consider an iterative procedure to determine
whether the exponent functions in turn lead to a scaling behavior. We show that modular inflation
models can be characterized by families of simple scaling laws and that the scaling exponents that
arise in this way in turn show scaling in dependence of the varying energy scales.
Glueballs at physical pion mass*
Authors: Chen Feiyu , Jiang Xiangyu , Chen Ying , Liu Keh-Fei , Sun Wei , Yang Yi-Bo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Glueballs are investigated through gluonic operators on two

RBC/UKQCD gauge ensembles at the physical pion mass. The statistical errors of glueball correlation functions are considerably reduced through the cluster decomposition error reduction (CDER) method. The Bethe-Salpeter wave functions are obtained for the scalar, tensor, and pseudoscalar glueballs by using spatially extended glueball operators defined through the gauge potential

in the Coulomb gauge. These wave functions exhibit similar features of non-relativistic two-gluon systems and are used to optimize the signals of the related correlation functions at the early time regions, where the ground state masses are extracted. These masses are close to those from the quenched approximation and indicate the possible existence of glueballs at the physical point. The resonance feature of glueballs and the mixing with conventional mesons and multi-hadron systems should be considered in a more systematic lattice study.
The Solar Upper Transition Region Imager (SUTRI) Onboard the SATech-01 Satellite
Authors: Bai Xianyong , Tian Hui , Deng Yuanyong , Wang Zhanshan , Yang Jianfeng , Zhang Xiaofeng , Zhang Yonghe , Qi Runze , Wang Nange , Gao Yang , Yu Jun , He Chunling , Shen Zhengxiang , Shen Lun , Guo Song , Hou Zhenyong , Ji Kaifan , Bi Xingzi , Duan Wei , Yang Xiao , Lin Jiaben , Hu Ziyao , Song Qian , Yang Zihao , Chen Yajie , Qiao Weidong , Ge Wei , Li Fu , Jin Lei , He Jiawei , Chen Xiaobo , Zhu Xiaocheng , He Junwang , Shi Qi , Liu Liu , Li Jinsong , Xu Dongxiao , Liu Rui , Li Taijie , Feng Zhenggong , Wang Yamin , Fan Chengcheng , Liu Shuo , Guo Sifan , Sun Zheng , Wu Yuchuan , Li Haiyu , Yang Qi , Ye Yuyang , Gu Weichen , Wu Jiali , Zhang Zhe , Yu Yue , Ye Zeyi , Sheng Pengfeng , Wang Yifan , Li Wenbin , Huang Qiushi , Zhang Zhong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The Solar Upper Transition Region Imager (SUTRI) onboard the Space Advanced Technology demonstration satellite (SATech-01), which was launched to a Sun-synchronous orbit at a height of ∼500 km in 2022 July, aims to test the on-orbit performance of our newly developed Sc/Si multi-layer reflecting mirror and the 2k×2k EUV CMOS imaging camera and to take full-disk solar images at the Ne vii 46.5 nm spectral line with a filter width of ∼3 nm. SUTRI employs a Ritchey–Chrétien optical system with an aperture of 18 cm. The on-orbit observations show that SUTRI images have a field of view of ∼ 41.′6 × 41.′6 and a moderate spatial resolution of ∼8″ without an image stabilization system. The normal cadence of SUTRI images is 30 s and the solar observation time is about 16 hr each day because the earth eclipse time accounts for about 1/3 of SATech-01's orbit period. Approximately 15 GB data is acquired each day and made available online after processing. SUTRI images are valuable as the Ne vii 46.5 nm line is formed at a temperature regime of ∼0.5 MK in the solar atmosphere, which has rarely been sampled by existing solar imagers. SUTRI observations will establish connections between structures in the lower solar atmosphere and corona, and advance our understanding of various types of solar activity such as flares, filament eruptions, coronal jets and coronal mass ejections.
Lyα Emission Enhancement Associated with Soft X-Ray Microflares
Authors: Tian Zheng-Yuan , Feng Li , Lu Lei , Xia Fan-Xiaoyu , Su Yang , Gan Wei-Qun , Li Hui , Zhou Yue 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Lyα (Lyα, 1216 Å) is the strongest emission line in the solar ultraviolet spectrum. In the present work, we obtained a Lyα enhancement catalog covering flares larger than B1 class from the GOES/EUVS data during 2010–2016. We focused on the 242 B-class events which are less investigated, however, show non-negligible Lyα emission enhancement. We found that on average the Lyα peak of B-class flares is 0.85% stronger than the background. For the flare energetics, it is found that the weaker the soft X-ray (SXR) flare, the larger the ratio of the radiated energy in Lyα to SXR. Using the RHESSI data and multi-wavelength observations taken by SDO-AIA, we diagnose the thermal and non-thermal properties of several flares. Three case studies show that the coincidence of the Lyα peak with the SXR time-derivative peak is not a sufficient condition of the nonthermal property of a Lyα microflare. The Lyα enhancement in the microflares may be caused by the nonthermal electron beams or/and thermal conduction. However for type III events, we found that the delay of the Lyα peak with respect to the SXR peak can be attributed to either the Lyα emission from a filament erupted or the cooling of the thermal plasma in flare loops. Furthermore, interestingly the Lyα emission from filaments can not only occur in the decay phase of the flare, but also in the pre-flare phase. In this case, the Lyα emission was originated from an erupted filament which probably initiated the flare.
Trap analysis on Pt-AlGaN/GaN Schottky barrier diode through deep level transient spectroscopy
Authors: Kumar Ashish , Mukherjee Jayjit , Rawal D. S. , Asokan K. , Kanjilal D. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Trap characterization on GaN Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) has been carried out using deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS). Selective probing by varying the ratio of the rate window values (r) incites different trap signatures at similar temperature regimes. Electron traps are found to be within the values: 0.05–1.2 eV from the conduction band edge whereas the hole traps 1.37–2.66 eV from the valence band edge on the SBDs. In the lower temperature regime, the deeper electron traps contribute to the capacitance transients with increasing r values, whereas at the higher temperatures >300 K, a slow variation of the trap levels (both electrons and holes) is observed when r is varied. These traps are found to be mainly contributed to dislocations, interfaces, and vacancies within the structure.
Surface form inspection with contact coordinate measurement: a review
Authors: Shen Yijun , Ren Jieji , Huang Nuodi , Zhang Yang , Zhang Xinquan , Zhu Limin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Parts with high-quality freeform surfaces have been widely used in industries, which require strict quality control during the manufacturing process. Among all the industrial inspection methods, contact measurement with coordinate measuring machines or computer numerical control machine tool is a fundamental technique due to its high accuracy, robustness, and universality. In this paper, the existing research in the contact measurement field is systematically reviewed. First, different configurations of the measuring machines are introduced in detail, which may have influence on the corresponding sampling and inspection path generation criteria. Then, the entire inspection pipeline is divided into two stages, namely the pre-inspection and post-inspection stages. The typical methods of each sub-stage are systematically overviewed and classified, including sampling, accessibility analysis, inspection path generation, probe tip radius compensation, surface reconstruction, and uncertainty analysis. Apart from those classical research, the applications of the emerging deep learning technique in some specific tasks of measurement are introduced. Furthermore, some potential and promising trends are provided for future investigation.
Surface acoustic wave resonators on thin film piezoelectric substrates in the quantum regime
Authors: Luschmann Thomas , Jung Alexander , Geprägs Stephan , Haslbeck Franz X , Marx Achim , Filipp Stefan , Gröblacher Simon , Gross Rudolf , Huebl Hans 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Lithium niobate (LNO) is a well established material for surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices including resonators, delay lines and filters. Recently, multi-layer substrates based on LNO thin films have become commercially available. Here, we present a systematic low-temperature study of the performance of SAW devices fabricated on LNO-on-insulator and LNO-on-Silicon substrates and compare them to bulk LNO devices. Our study aims at assessing the performance of these substrates for quantum acoustics, i.e. the integration with superconducting circuits operating in the quantum regime. To this end, we design SAW resonators with a target frequency of

5

GHz

and perform experiments at millikelvin temperatures and microwave power levels corresponding to single photons or phonons. The devices are investigated regarding their internal quality factors as a function of the excitation power and temperature, which allows us to characterize and quantify losses and identify the dominating loss mechanism. For the measured devices, fitting the experimental data shows that the quality factors are limited by the coupling of the resonator to a bath of two-level-systems. Our results suggest that SAW devices on thin film LNO on silicon have comparable performance to devices on bulk LNO and are viable for use in SAW-based quantum acoustic devices.
Immunogenicity of DaxibotulinumtoxinA for Injection in Glabellar Lines
Authors: Humphrey Shannon , Dover Jeffrey S , Bowsher Ronald R , Clancy Amanda , Liu Yan , Prawdzik Gregg , Gallagher Conor J 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

DaxibotulinumtoxinA-lanm for injection (DAXI), a novel botulinum toxin type A formulation, contains a purified 150-kD core neurotoxin (daxibotulinumtoxinA) and proprietary stabilizing peptide (RTP004), and is approved for glabellar line treatment. As with any biologic product, DAXI may potentially be immunogenic and elicit unwanted antibody formation, possibly resulting in partial or complete treatment failure. The immunogenicity of DAXI was assessed in 2 double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-dose studies and an open-label safety study of up to 3 repeat treatments. Of the 2737 evaluable patients, none developed neutralizing antibodies to daxibotulinumtoxinA and 0.8% developed treatment-related nonneutralizing anti–daxibotulinumtoxinA-binding antibodies. Of evaluable patients exposed to RTP004 with either DAXI or placebo, 1.3% developed treatment-related anti–RTP004-binding antibodies, which were mostly transient. No patient developed binding antibodies to both daxibotulinumtoxinA and RTP004. All patients with treatment-related binding antibodies to daxibotulinumtoxinA or RTP004 achieved a clinical response (none or mild glabellar line severity) at Week 4 following each DAXI treatment cycle. The duration of clinical response was not different between treatment cycles when antibodies were detected vs when they were absent. Although the analysis population was small compared to the number of patients likely to receive repeated treatment in clinical practice, these results suggest that DAXI administration at the approved glabellar lines dose has low immunogenic potential and that nonneutralizing antibodies to daxibotulinumtoxinA or RTP004 occur infrequently and often transiently, and have no impact on clinical efficacy, safety, or duration of action. Real-world data encompassing larger numbers of patients is needed to substantiate these results.

Level of Evidence: 3
EBD: an eye biomarker database
Authors: Zhang Xueli , Kong Lingcong , Liu Shunming , Zhang Xiayin , Shang Xianwen , Zhu Zhuoting , Huang Yu , Ma Shuo , Jason Ha , Kiburg Katerina V , Zheng Chunwen , Hu Yunyan , Li Cong , Wu Guanrong , Liang Yingying , He Mengxia , Wang Yan , Bai Xiaohe , Shi Danli , Wang Wei , Zhang Chi , Zhao Ke , Yuan Haining , Hu Guang , Hu Yijun , Liang Huiying , Yu Honghua , Zhang Lei , He Mingguang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Motivation
Many ophthalmic disease biomarkers have been identified through comprehensive multiomics profiling, and hold significant potential in advancing the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of diseases. Meanwhile, the eye itself serves as a natural biomarker for several systemic diseases including neurological, renal, and cardiovascular systems. We aimed to collect and standardize this eye biomarkers information and construct the eye biomarker database (EBD) to provide ophthalmologists with a platform to search, analyze, and download these eye biomarker data.

Results
In this study, we present the EBD &lt;http://www.eyeseeworld.com/ebd/index.html&gt;, a world-first online compilation comprising 889 biomarkers for 26 ocular diseases and 939 eye biomarkers for 181 systemic diseases. The EBD also includes the information of 78 “nonbiomarkers”—the objects that have been proven cannot be biomarkers. Biological function and network analysis were conducted for these ocular disease biomarkers, and several hub pathways and common network topology characteristics were newly identified, which may promote future ocular disease biomarker discovery and characterizes the landscape of biomarkers for eye diseases at the pathway and network level. The EBD is expected to yield broader utility among developmental biologists and clinical scientists in and outside of the eye field by assisting in the identification of biomarkers linked to eye disorders and related systemic diseases.

Availability and implementation
EBD is available at http://www.eyeseeworld.com/ebd/index.html.