bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DMSO‐Free Solvent Strategy for Stable and Efficient Methylammonium‐Free Sn–Pb Alloyed Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Zhanfei , Liang Jianghu , Wang Jianli , Zheng Yiting , Wu Xueyun , Tian Congcong , Sun Anxin , Huang Ying , Zhou Zhuang , Yang Yajuan , Liu Yuan , Tang Chen , Chen Chun‐Chao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHarmful Sn(IV) vacancies and uncontrolled fast crystallization commonly occur in tin–lead alloyed perovskite films. The typical dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) processing solvent is suggested to be the primary source of problems. Here, a DMSO‐free solvent strategy is demonstrated to obtain high‐performance Cs0.25FA0.75Pb0.5Sn0.5I3 solar cells. A rational solvent selection process via Hansen solubility parameters and Gutmann's donor number shows that N,N′‐dimethylpropyleneurea (DMPU) has a strong coordinate ability to form complete complexation with organic (formamidinium iodide) and inorganic (CsI, PbI2, and SnI2) components. This treatment suppresses the iodoplumbate (PbIn2‐n) or iodostannate (SnIn2‐n) preformed in precursor solution, thereby promoting pure intermediate complexes and retarding crystallization, realizing enlarged grain size, and improved film crystallinity. Additionally, it is demonstrated that DMPU‐based solvent system can further inhibit the oxidation of Sn(II) and reduced Sn(IV) content by nearly 75% due to its superior thermal and chemical stability. This DMSO‐free strategy generates a record efficiency of 22.41%, with a Voc of 0.88 V and a FF of 82.72% for the MA‐free Sn–Pb alloyed device. The unencapsulated devices display much‐improved humidity stability at 30 ± 5% relative humidity in air for 240 h, impressive thermal stability at 85 °C for 500 h, and promote continuous operation stability at maximum power point for 150 h.
Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential and clonal cytopenias of undetermined significance: 2023 update on clinical associations and management recommendations
Authors: Mangaonkar Abhishek A. , Patnaik Mrinal M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCondition OverviewClonal hematopoiesis (CH) refers to age‐associated expansion of somatic variants in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC).DiagnosisCH of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is operationally defined as pathogenic variants in HSPCs at a variant allele frequency ≥2%.Clinical AssociationsCH is associated with increased occurrence of several hematological conditions such as cytopenias (also called clonal cytopenia of undetermined significance), hematological (predominantly myeloid but also lymphoid) neoplasms, cytosis (including monocytosis), and non‐hematological conditions such as atherosclerotic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, ischemic congestive heart failure, venous thromboembolism, type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, osteoporosis, gout, with a potential protective effect in Alzheimer's disease (AD).Management RecommendationsAs of now, there is limited prospective data for CH testing; however, CH detection is becoming increasingly prevalent due to ubiquitous use of somatic and germline NGS testing. This in addition to data suggesting that therapy related myeloid neoplasm (tMN) in many cases is preceded by the detection of CH clones, has led to the establishment of CH clinics at several institutions. At our institution, on a research basis, we currently recommend testing for CH for individuals with persistent (≥4 months) unexplained cytopenias, in patients with malignancies prior to adjuvant cytotoxic chemotherapy and/or radiation or radionuclide therapy, screening prior to autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR‐T) therapy and to assess as to whether or not, potential germline mosaic variants actually represent CH.
A tutorial on a marginal structural modeling approach to mediation analysis in occupational health research: Investigating education, employment quality, and mortality
Authors: Eisenberg‐Guyot Jerzy , Blaikie Kieran , Andrea Sarah B. , Oddo Vanessa , Peckham Trevor , Minh Anita , Owens Shanise , Hajat Anjum 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLife expectancy inequities between more‐ and less‐educated groups have grown by 1 to 2 years over the last several decades in the United States. Simultaneously, employment conditions for many workers have deteriorated. Researchers hypothesize that these adverse conditions mediate educational inequities in mortality. However, methodological barriers have impeded research on the role of employment conditions and other hazards as mediating factors in health inequities. Indeed, traditional mediation analysis methods are often biased in occupational health settings, including in those with exposure‐mediator interactions and mediator‐outcome confounders that are caused by exposure. In this paper, we outline—and provide code for—a marginal structural modeling (MSM) approach for estimating total effects and controlled direct effects originally proposed elsewhere, which can be applied to common mediation analysis settings in occupational health research. As an example, we apply our approach to assess the extent to which disparities in employment quality (EQ)—a multidimensional construct characterizing the terms and conditions of the worker‐employer relationship—explained educational inequities in mortality in a 1999–2015 US Panel Study of Income Dynamics sample of workers with mortality follow‐up through 2017. Under certain strong assumptions described in the text, our estimates suggest that over 70% of the educational inequity in mortality would have been eliminated if EQ had been at the 80th percentile (100th = best) across exposure groups.
Halogen‐Substituted Mesoionic‐Carbene/Palladium Complexes for Catalytic Arylation of Aldehydes
Authors: Arai Naoki , Shibuya Yuga , Koguchi Shinichi , Yamamoto Tetsuya 
Published: March 2023

AbstractVarious halogenated mesoionic‐carbene (MIC)‐coordinated palladium complexes (denoted as TAPs and e‐TAPs) were prepared using triazolylidene precursors that were synthesized in only two steps via a click reaction. Among the prepared complexes, 2‐Bromophenyl group substituted e‐TAP (Br‐e‐TAP) showed optimal catalytic activity for the arylation of aldehydes with arylboronic compounds. Additionally, the Br‐e‐TAP catalyst assisted in synthesizing a wide range of functionalized diarylmethanols and arylmethanols in 29–95% yields with loadings of 0.2–0.6 mol% Pd.
Functionalisation of Graphene Sensor Surfaces for the Specific Detection of Biomarkers
Authors: von Lüders Laura , Tilmann Rita , Lee Kangho , Bartlam Cian , Stimpel‐Lindner Tanja , Nevanen Tarja K. , Iljin Kristiina , Knirsch Kathrin C. , Hirsch Andreas , Duesberg Georg S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe report on a controllable and specific functionalisation route for graphene field‐effect transistors (GFETs) for the recognition of small physiologically active molecules. Key element is the noncovalent functionalisation of the graphene surface with perylene bisimide (PBI) molecules directly on the growth substrate. This Functional Layer Transfer enables the homogeneous self‐assembly of PBI molecules on graphene, onto which antibodies are subsequently immobilised. The sensor surface was characterised by atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and electrical measurements, showing superior performance over conventional functionalisation after transfer. Specific sensing of small molecules was realised by monitoring the electrical property changes of functionalised GFET devices upon the application of methamphetamine and cortisol. The concentration dependent electrical response of our sensors was determined down to a concentration of 300 ng ml−1 for methamphetamine.
Ein künstlicher in vitro‐Stoffwechsel zu Angiopterlacton B nach dem Vorbild traditioneller Retrosynthese**
Authors: Kiefer Alexander F. , Liu Yu‐Chang , Gummerer Rebecca , Jäger Christina , Deska Jan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDie Art und Weise, mit welcher die Natur hochkomplexe molekulare Strukturen im Rahmen vielschichtiger Biosynthesewegen konstruiert, ist durch chemische Synthesen nur schwer zu übertreffen. Da die Biosynthese jedoch auf Kaskaden nativer enzymatischer Umwandlungen angewiesen ist, um bestimmte Zielstrukturer zu erzeugen, ist ihr Spektrum auch erheblich eingeschränkt. In dieser Arbeit werden nicht‐natürliche biokatalytische Module, konkret eine Peroxidase‐vermittelte Achmatowicz‐Umlagerung und eine Dehydrogenase‐katalysierte “Borrowing Hydrogen”‐Isomerisierung, erfolgreich in einen künstlichen Stoffwechsel implementiert, der die Vorteile der traditionellen Retrosynthese mit der Eleganz und Effizienz biosynthetischer Systeme verbindet. Die Totalsynthese des tricyclischen Angiopterlactons B gelingt so in nur zwei Schritten ausgehend von Acetylfuran, wobei das Verfahren vollständig in wässriger Umgebung abläuft und hauptsächlich auf Enzyme als wichtige Reaktionsvermittler angewiesen ist.
A Microporous Metal‐Organic Framework with Unique Aromatic Pore Surfaces for High Performance C2H6/C2H4 Separation
Authors: Ye Yingxiang , Xie Yi , Shi Yanshu , Gong Lingshan , Phipps Joshua , Al‐Enizi Abdullah M. , Nafady Ayman , Chen Banglin , Ma Shengqian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDeveloping adsorptive separation processes based on C2H6‐selective sorbents to replace energy‐intensive cryogenic distillation is a promising alternative for C2H4 purification from C2H4/C2H6 mixtures, which however remains challenging. During our studies on two isostructural metal–organic frameworks (Ni‐MOF 1 and Ni‐MOF 2), we found that Ni‐MOF 2 exhibited significantly higher performance for C2H6/C2H4 separation than Ni‐MOF‐1, as clearly established by gas sorption isotherms and breakthrough experiments. Density‐Functional Theory (DFT) studies showed that the unblocked unique aromatic pore surfaces within Ni‐MOF 2 induce more and stronger C−H⋅⋅⋅π with C2H6 over C2H4 while the suitable pore spaces enforce its high C2H6 uptake capacity, featuring Ni‐MOF 2 as one of the best porous materials for this very important gas separation. It generates 12 L kg−1 of polymer‐grade C2H4 product from equimolar C2H6/C2H4 mixtures at ambient conditions.
Base‐Promoted Electrochemical CoII‐catalyzed Enantioselective C−H Oxygenation
Authors: Zhou Gang , Chen Jia‐Hao , Yao Qi‐Jun , Huang Fan‐Rui , Wang Zhen‐Kai , Shi Bing‐feng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMetalla‐electrocatalyzed C−H oxygenation represents one of the most straightforward and sustainable approaches to access valuable oxygenated molecules. Despite the significant advances, the development of enantioselective electrochemical C−H oxygenation reaction is very challenging and remains elusive. Herein, we described the first electrochemical CoII‐catalyzed enantioselective C−H alkoxylation. A broad range of enantioenriched alkoxylated phosphinamides were obtained in good yields with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 98 % yield and >99 % ee). An unusual cobalt(III) alcohol complex was prepared and fully characterized, which was proven to be a key intermediate of this C−H alkoxylation reaction. Mechanistic studies revealed that the oxidation of CoIII to CoIV was facilitated by a base and the whole process proceeded through a cobalt(III/IV/II) catalytic cycle.
Two‐Dimensional Supramolecular Polymerization of DNA Amphiphiles is Driven by Sequence‐Dependent DNA‐Chromophore Interactions
Authors: Ghufran Rafique Muhammad , Remington Jacob M. , Clark Finley , Bai Haochen , Toader Violeta , Perepichka Dmytro F. , Li Jianing , Sleiman Hanadi F. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) assemblies of water‐soluble block copolymers have been limited by a dearth of systematic studies that relate polymer structure to pathway mechanism and supramolecular morphology. Here, we employ sequence‐defined triblock DNA amphiphiles for the supramolecular polymerization of free‐standing DNA nanosheets in water. Our systematic modulation of amphiphile sequence shows the alkyl chain core forming a cell membrane‐like structure and the distal π‐stacking chromophore block folding back to interact with the hydrophilic DNA block on the nanosheet surface. This interaction is crucial to sheet formation, marked by a chiral “signature”, and sensitive to DNA sequence, where nanosheets form with a mixed sequence, but not with a homogeneous poly(thymine) sequence. This work opens the possibility of forming well‐ordered, bilayer‐like assemblies using a single DNA amphiphile for applications in cell sensing, nucleic acid therapeutic delivery and enzyme arrays.
Decoding the Fucose Migration Product during Mass‐Spectrometric analysis of Blood Group Epitopes
Authors: Lettow Maike , Greis Kim , Mucha Eike , Lambeth Tyler R. , Yaman Murat , Kontodimas Vasilis , Manz Christian , Hoffmann Waldemar , Meijer Gerard , Julian Ryan R. , von Helden Gert , Marianski Mateusz , Pagel Kevin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFucose is a signaling carbohydrate that is attached at the end of glycan processing. It is involved in a range of processes, such as the selectin‐dependent leukocyte adhesion or pathogen‐receptor interactions. Mass‐spectrometric techniques, which are commonly used to determine the structure of glycans, frequently show fucose‐containing chimeric fragments that obfuscate the analysis. The rearrangement leading to these fragments—often referred to as fucose migration—has been known for more than 25 years, but the chemical identity of the rearrangement product remains unclear. In this work, we combine ion‐mobility spectrometry, radical‐directed dissociation mass spectrometry, cryogenic IR spectroscopy of ions, and density‐functional theory calculations to deduce the product of the rearrangement in the model trisaccharides Lewis x and blood group H2. The structural search yields the fucose moiety attached to the galactose with an α(1→6) glycosidic bond as the most likely product.
Catalytic activity of a new Cd (II) complex in the peroxidation of cyclohexane and the resulting CdO nanoparticles in the removal of Congo red
Authors: Razmara Zohreh , Karimi Pouya , Shahraki Somaye , Shiri Fereshteh , Necas Marek 
Published: March 2023

A new coordination complex of [Cd (2,2′‐bipyridine)(dipic) (H2O)2]. 7H2O (dipic2− = pyridine 2,6‐dicarboxylate) was synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. The crystal structure of Cd complex was characterized by X‐ray diffraction. The results confirmed that the coordination geometry of Cd2+is a distorted pentagonal bipyramid. The complex was evaluated as a catalyst for the peroxidation of cyclohexane. The oxidation reaction was performed under mild conditions by hydrogen peroxide at room temperature. In the absence of HNO3, Cd complex exhibits a maximum yield of 31%. CdO nanoparticles were synthesized through thermal analysis of Cd complex and identified by various techniques. The ability of CdO nanoparticles was investigated for the removal of Congo red (CR). The effects of contact time, adsorbent dosage, and pH were evaluated using batch method.Studieshave shown that the uptake process is pseudo‐second order. Also, the adsorption isotherm can be well fitted by the Langmuir model, while this process is spontaneous.
Polyimide/wool blended woven fabrics for comfortable fire protective clothing
Authors: Lv Xiaojing , Xi Chen , Qin Jisiyuan , Pan Hong , Wang Shihua , Cao Genyang , Tao Dan , Jiang Shan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this work, to develop practical fire‐protective clothing with both good flame retardancy and comfort properties, polyimide (PI)/wool blended woven fabrics were carefully made by mixing PI and wool fibers with different mass ratios (100/0, 80/20, 50/50, and 0/100) in the carding process. Thermogravimetric analysis in both air and argon conditions indicated that wool fibers had much lower thermal stability than PI. With more PI fibers added, better thermal stability can be observed. When the mixing ratio of PI/wool was 80/20, the LOI value had a rapid increase from 23% to 31%. Meanwhile, under this ratio, the peak value of the heat release rate surprisingly reduced to a much lower degree (from 425 to 306 W/g), indicating the heat generated is dispersed along the whole burning process. Through comprehensive analysis, it is deduced that the thin molten layer of wool and PI fibers formed a confined space for the heat and volatiles, leading to lower heat release rate and higher non‐flammable gas release of the 80/20 PI/wool sample. Finally, the moisture permeability and fabric style tests demonstrated better comfort properties of the PI/wool blended fabrics.
Development and growth of median structures in the human tongue: A histological study using human fetuses and adult cadavers
Authors: Yamamoto Masahito , Hirota Yoshinosuke , Watanabe Genji , Taniguchi Shuichiro , Murakami Gen , Rodríguez‐Vázquez José Francisco , Abe Shin‐ichi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGlossectomy is a surgical procedure performed to remove all or part of the tongue in patients with cancer. The removal of a significant part of the tongue has a marked effect on speech and swallowing function, as patients may lose not only the tongue muscles but also the median lingual septum (MLS). Therefore, to achieve successful tongue regeneration, it is necessary to investigate the developmental processes of not only the tongue muscles but also the MLS. This study was conducted to clarify the mutual development of the tongue muscles and the MLS in human fetuses. Serial or semi‐serial histological sections from 37 embryos and fetuses (aged 5–39 weeks) as well as nine adults were analyzed. The MLS appeared at Carnegie stage 15 (CS15), and until 12 weeks of gestation, abundant fibers of the intrinsic transverse muscle crossed the septum in the entire tongue. However, in near‐term fetuses and adults, the contralaterally extending muscles were restricted to the deepest layer just above the genioglossus muscle. This finding indicates that the crossing transverse muscle showed the highest density at mid‐term. A thorough understanding of both the MLS and the tongue muscles is necessary for successful tongue regeneration.
Tachinid parasitoid Exorista japonica affects the utilization of diet by changing gut microbial composition in the silkworm, Bombyx mori
Authors: Li Fanchi , Zhu Qingyu , Dai Minli , Shu Qilong , Li Xin , Guo Xiqian , Wang Yuanfei , Wei Jing , Liu Wei , Dai Yan , Li Bing 
Published: March 2023

AbstractChanges in both intake and digestion of feed have been demonstrated in the host following parasitization. However, its regulatory mechanism has not been clarified. In this study, silkworms and Exorista japonica were used as research objects to analyze the effect of parasitism on the midgut immune system of the silkworm. After being parasitized, the expressions of antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes of silkworms showed a fluctuating trend of first upregulation and then downregulation, while phenoloxidase and lysozyme activities were inhibited. To study the possible impact of the downregulation of AMP genes on intestinal microorganisms, the characteristics of the intestinal microbial population of silkworms on the third day of parasitism were analyzed. The relative abundance of Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidota decreased, while that of Actinobacteriota increased. The increased abundance of conditionally pathogenic bacteria Serratia and Staphylococcus might lead to a decrease in the amount of silkworm ingestion. Meanwhile, the abundance of Acinetobacter, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, and Enterobacter promotes an increase in the digestion of nutrients. This study indicated that the imbalance of intestinal microbial homeostasis caused by parasitism may affect the absorption and digestion of nutrients by the host. Collectively, our findings provided a new clue for further exploring the mechanism of nutrient transport among the host, parasitoid, and intestinal microorganisms.
Optical properties as a tool for the biodiesel industry: A review
Authors: Corach Julián , Alviso Dario 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOptical properties analysis is not included in biodiesel quality standards. However, it provides valuable information about biodiesel and its feedstocks. In particular, very accurate refractive index measurements can be carried out using low‐cost (less than 1000 USD) and fast (a few seconds) equipment. Therefore, the most urgent question is to determine if the optical properties are a suitable tool for the biodiesel industry and in which applications they can currently be implemented. This work provides a comprehensive and systematic analysis of literature dealing with applications of refractive index measurements of biodiesel, its feedstocks and its blends with other fuels. Experimental data, typical ranges of values and mathematical models of refractive index are systematically presented and discussed, emphasizing biodiesel mixtures with diesel fossil fuel. Other applications, like transesterification monitoring, combustion, atomization and aging are also reviewed. At the present state of knowledge, measurements of refractive index can be used to determine the proportion of diesel and biodiesel blends and monitor the transesterification reaction.
Nanopore Cas9‐targeted sequencing enables accurate and simultaneous identification of transgene integration sites, their structure and epigenetic status in recombinant Chinese hamster ovary cells
Authors: Leitner Klaus , Motheramgari Krishna , Borth Nicole , Marx Nicolas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe integration of a transgene expression construct into the host genome is the initial step for the generation of recombinant cell lines used for biopharmaceutical production. The stability and level of recombinant gene expression in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) can be correlated to the copy number, its integration site as well as the epigenetic context of the transgene vector. Also, undesired integration events, such as concatemers, truncated, and inverted vector repeats, are impacting the stability of recombinant cell lines. Thus, to characterize cell clones and to isolate the most promising candidates, it is crucial to obtain information on the site of integration, the structure of integrated sequence and the epigenetic status. Current sequencing techniques allow to gather this information separately but do not offer a comprehensive and simultaneous resolution. In this study, we present a fast and robust nanopore Cas9‐targeted sequencing (nCats) pipeline to identify integration sites, the composition of the integrated sequence as well as its DNA methylation status in CHO cells that can be obtained simultaneously from the same sequencing run. A Cas9‐enrichment step during library preparation enables targeted and directional nanopore sequencing with up to 724× median on‐target coverage and up to 153 kb long reads. The data generated by nCats provides sensitive, detailed, and correct information on the transgene integration sites and the expression vector structure, which could only be partly produced by traditional Targeted Locus Amplification‐seq data. Moreover, with nCats the DNA methylation status can be analyzed from the same raw data without prior DNA amplification.