bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of early rehabilitation nursing on neurological function and quality of life of patients with hemiplegia after stroke: A meta-analysis
Authors: Gu Minghuan , Huang Hong 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Meta-analysis was used to systematically evaluate the effects of early rehabilitation nursing on neurological function and quality of life of patients with hemiplegia after stroke.

Methods:
Literature was searched from PubMed, Web of Science, cochrane library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Database. Relevant literature up to 2022 was screened, followed by data extraction and quality evaluation. Next, Stata17.0 was employed for meta-analysis.

Results:
A total of 18 articles, including 1631 subjects, were enrolled in this study. The control group subjects (n = 825) received routine nursing, and the observation group subjects (n = 806) underwent early rehabilitation nursing. The results of meta-analysis showed that early rehabilitation nursing could significantly improve neurological function the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale [standardized mean difference (SMD) = −1.623, 95% confidence interval (CI) (−2.280, −0.967), P < .001], Fugl-Meyer assessment [SMD = 2.688, 95% CI (1.767, 3.608), P < .001], cure rate [relative risk = 1.333, 95% CI (1.138, 1.562), P < .001], quality of life activity of daily living [SMD = 1.784, 95% CI (0.791, 2.777), P < .001], Barthel index [SMD = 1.617, 95% CI (1.138, 2.096), P < .001] and nursing satisfaction [relative risk = 1.191, 95% CI (1.091, 1.300), P < .001] in patients with hemiplegia after stroke. There was no obvious publication bias for the included articles in this research.

Conclusion:
Compared with the controls, early rehabilitation nursing can effectively improve neurological function and quality of life of patients with hemiplegia after stroke. This study provides a theoretical basis for the clinical application of early rehabilitation nursing in patients with hemiplegia after stroke.
Miller-Fisher syndrome with positive anti-GD1b and anti-GM1 antibodies combined with multiple autoimmune antibodies: A case report
Authors: Zhang Limei , Ma Linqing , Zhou Lihua , Sun Lu , Han Chunru , Fang Qi 
Published: August 2023

Rationale:
Anti-ganglioside antibodies (AGA) play an essential role in the development of Miller-Fisher syndrome (MFS). The positive rate of ganglioside antibodies was exceptionally high in MFS, especially anti-GQ1b antibodies. However, the presence of other ganglioside antibodies does not exclude MFS.

Patient concerns:
We present a 48-year-old male patient who suddenly developed dizziness, visual rotation, nausea, and vomiting accompanied by unsteady gait and diplopia for 3 days before presentation to our clinic.

Diagnoses:
On physical examination, the patient’s right eye could not fully move to the right side and horizontal nystagmus was found. Coordination was also impaired in the upper and lower extremities with dysmetria and dysdiadochokinesia. The electromyography and cerebrospinal fluid examination results were normal. The serum anti-GQlb antibody test results were negative. However, serum anti-GD1b IgM and anti-GM1 IgM antibodies were positive. Meanwhile, the anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody was >600.00 IU/mL (0.00–34.00), and the anti-SS-A/Ro52 antibody was positive. He was diagnosed with MFS.

Interventions:
The patient received IVIg treatment for 5 days (0.4 g/kg/day) from day 2 to day 6 of hospitalization. On the 7th day of admission, the patient was administered intravenous methylprednisolone (500 mg/day), which was gradually reduced.

Outcomes:
The patient’s symptoms improved after treatment with immunoglobulins and hormones.

Lessons:
We report a case of MFS with positive anti-GD1b and anti-GM1 antibodies combined with multiple autoimmune antibodies. Positive ganglioside antibodies may be used as supporting evidence for the diagnosis; however, the diagnosis of MFS is more dependent on clinical symptoms.
Social Cognition and Other Determinants of Perceived Social Support in Individuals With Serious Mental Illness
Authors: Howie J. Hunter , Faith Laura A. , Jarvis Stephen P. , Rempfer Melisa V. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Social support provides protective effects for those with serious mental illness (SMI), but these effects may be attenuated by factors that hinder positive perceptions of support. Improved understanding of social support and its determinants may hold relevance for clinical interventions and provide avenues to promote recovery and improve functioning. The present study is a cross-sectional, correlational analysis investigating the relationships among social cognition (Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test–Managing Emotions subscale), social anxiety (Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale), negative symptoms (Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms), and perceived social support (Interpersonal Support Evaluation List) among individuals with SMI. Data were analyzed for 59 participants from a psychosocial rehabilitation treatment study at a public, urban academic-affiliated medical center in the Midwest. Bivariate Pearson correlations revealed statistically significant associations among perceived social support and social cognition (total perceived social support, p < 0.05; appraisal support, p < 0.01), negative symptoms (appraisal support, p < 0.05), and social anxiety (self-esteem support, p < 0.05). Further, multiple linear regression revealed social cognition remained a significant predictor of perceived social support (p < 0.05) when controlling for social anxiety and negative symptoms. Overall findings suggest a correlative relationship between social cognition and perceived social support. Conclusions, limitations, and future directions are discussed.
A Qualitative Analysis of Low-Income Pregnant and Parenting Caregivers' Experiences With Home Visiting in California During the First 2 Years of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Franck Linda S. , Johnson Isabella , Mehra Renee , Remy Linda , Rienks Jennifer 
Published: August 2023

Context:
In-person home visiting programs that provide evidence-based parenting and child development support improve outcomes for low-income children and families. The COVID-19 pandemic led to a shift from primarily in-person to virtual home visiting services, and little is known about clients' experience of home visiting in this context.

Objective:
To describe the experience of clients in the California Work Opportunity and Responsibility to Kids (CalWORKs) Home Visiting Program (HVP) across California during the first 2 years of the pandemic.

Design:
Three repeated cross-sectional surveys over a 2-year period. Clients' free-text responses to open-ended questions were analyzed using a directed content analysis approach.

Setting:
Forty-one counties in California.

Participants:
Current CalWORKs HVP clients and those who left the program in the 6 months prior to each survey.

Main Outcome Measures:
Clients' experience of the CalWORKs HVP.

Results:
Five main themes emerged: (1) benefits received from the program; (2) life challenges; (3) COVID-19–related or other program changes; (4) client dissatisfaction and suggestions for improvement; and (5) appreciation for the program. Clients valued the practical, financial, parenting, and interpersonal support provided to themselves and their children. Almost three-quarters commented on life challenges experienced during the program. Significant programmatic changes related to COVID-19 pandemic public health safety and organizational constraints impacted clients both positively and negatively. Very few clients experienced overt dissatisfaction with the program. Many clients expressed appreciation for the program, particularly the individualized and relational support offered by a consistent home visitor.

Conclusions:
The findings provide insights into the benefits and challenges experienced by clients receiving evidence-based home visiting services. The findings highlight the ongoing life challenges faced by clients who experience poverty, and how those challenges were exacerbated by a global pandemic. The CalWORKs HVP may buffer the substantial personal stresses clients experience related to parenting in the context of poverty and major public health challenges.
Systematic Review of Postoperative Velopharyngeal Insufficiency: Incidence and Association With Palatoplasty Timing and Technique
Authors: Xepoleas Meredith D. , Naidu Priyanka , Nagengast Eric , Collier Zach , Islip Delaney , Khatra Jagteshwar , Auslander Allyn , Yao Caroline A. , Chong David , Magee William P. 
Published: August 2023

Cleft palate is among the most common congenital disorders worldwide and is correctable through surgical intervention. Sub-optimal surgical results may cause velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI). When symptomatic, VPI can cause hypernasal or unintelligible speech. The postoperative risk of VPI varies significantly in the literature but may be attributed to differences in study size, cleft type, surgical technique, and operative age. To identify the potential impact of these factors, a systematic review was conducted to examine the risk of VPI after primary palatoplasty, accounting for operative age and surgical technique. A search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science was completed for original studies that examined speech outcomes after primary palatoplasty. The search identified 4740 original articles and included 35 studies that reported mean age at palatoplasty and VPI-related outcomes. The studies included 10,795 patients with a weighted mean operative age of 15.7 months (range: 3.1–182.9 mo), and 20% (n=2186) had signs of postoperative VPI. Because of the heterogeneity in reporting of surgical technique across studies, small sample sizes, and a lack of statistical power, an analysis of the VPI risk per procedure type and timing was not possible. A lack of data and variable consensus limits our understanding of optimal timing and techniques to reduce VPI occurrence. This paper presents a call-to-action to generate: (1) high-quality research from thoughtfully designed studies; (2) greater global representation; and (3) global consensus informed by high-quality data, to make recommendations on optimal technique and timing for primary palatoplasty to reduce VPI.
Closure of Giant Dorsal Lumbosacral Myelomeningocele in Children Using Double Expanded Flaps: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Chen Xin , Shen Weimin , Han Tao , He Junping , Cui Jie 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
Myelomeningocele (MMC) is the most common neural tube defect that can occur due to neural tube’s failure to fuse properly during embryonic life. To prevent this, expanded flaps can be used for closure of large MMCs.

Presentation of Case:
A 4-year and 6-month girl was diagnosed with multiple congenital anomalies including hydrocephalus, dorsal lumbosacral MMC, and congenital tethered cord syndrome. Preoperative evaluation showed no lower limb movements and the size of the sacrococcygeal region was about 10 cm × 8 cm × 15 cm mass, prominent thoracic kyphosis, and no obvious urogenital or limb anomalies. The large dorsal lumbosacral MMC was treated with a double expanded flap to reconstruct, the soft tissue defect following the neurosurgical reconstruction.

Discussion:
The expanded flap was deemed as viable as all wounds were healed without any complications, such as dehiscence, leakage of cerebrospinal fluid, or infection. The technique described in the case report offers an effective method of closure.

Conclusion:
This flap can be an effective method for reconstruction of large dorsal lumbosacral MMC defects that might improve outcomes and minimize complications. It also ensures minimal wound tension and breakdown.
Promoting mitochondrial dynamic equilibrium attenuates sepsis-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting pro-inflammatory polarization of alveolar macrophages
Authors: Sun Maomao , Zeng Zhenhua , Xu Gege , An Sheng , Deng Zhiya , Cheng Ran , Yao Yi , Wu Junjie , Hu Hongbin , Huang Qiaobing , Wu Jie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by widespread pulmonary inflammation and immune response, in which pro-inflammatory polarization of alveolar macrophages (AMs) plays an important role. Mitochondria are the key intracellular signaling platforms regulating immune cell responses. Moreover, accumulating evidence suggests that the mitochondrial dynamics of macrophages are imbalanced in sepsis and severe ALI/ARDS. However, the functional significance of mitochondrial dynamics of AMs in septic ALI/ARDS remains largely unknown, and whether it regulates the polarized phenotype of AMs is also unclear. Here, we demonstrated that the mitochondrial dynamics of AMs are imbalanced, manifested by impaired mitochondrial fusion, increased fission and mitochondrial cristae remodeling, both in septic models and ARDS patients. However, suppressing excessive mitochondrial fission with Mdivi-1 or promoting mitochondrial fusion with PM1 to maintain mitochondrial dynamic equilibrium in AMs could inhibit the polarization of AMs into pro-inflammatory phenotype and attenuate sepsis-induced ALI. These data suggest that mitochondrial dynamic imbalance mediates altered polarization of AMs and exacerbates sepsis-induced ALI. This study provides new insights into the underlying mechanisms of sepsis-induced ALI, suggesting the possibility of identifying future drug targets from the perspective of mitochondrial dynamics in AMs.
TIME-DEPENDENT CHANGES IN PROINFLAMMATORY MEDIATORS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH TRAUMA-RELATED VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM
Authors: Mankame Atharwa R. , Sanders Kelly E. , Cardenas Jessica C. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Background: Tissue trauma and hemorrhage result in pronounced activation of the innate immune system. Given known crosstalk between inflammation and coagulation, soluble inflammatory mediators could be associated with venous thromboembolisms (VTEs) after major trauma. Objectives: This study aimed to identify plasma inflammatory mediators that are independent predictors of VTE risk in trauma patients. Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of the Pragmatic Randomized Optimal Platelets and Plasma Ratios (PROPPR) study. Plasma levels of 27 cytokines/chemokines were measured by Bio-Plex at admission and 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h later. Patients who died from exsanguination or within 24 h were excluded. Mann-Whitney tests were performed to assess no-VTE and VTE groups at each time point. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the adjusted effects of inflammatory mediators on VTE risk. Results: Eighty-six of the 575 patients (15%) included developed VTE. Interleukin (IL)-1ra, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, eotaxin, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, interferon-γ–inducible protein, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), and chemokine ligand 5 (regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted) were all significantly increased among VTE patients. Multivariable analyses demonstrated that IL-6, IL-8, interferon-γ–inducible protein, and MCP-1 were independently associated with VTE. Cox proportional hazards modeling identified IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1 as independent predictors of accelerated VTE development. We identified significant correlations between inflammation and markers of coagulation and endothelial activation. Conclusion: Sustained systemic inflammation is a key driver of VTE risk after major trauma. Therapeutics targeting innate immune activation should be considered for development of future multimodal strategies to augment current VTE prophylaxis.
Pre-Existing Inflammatory Disease Predicts Cutaneous Immunotherapy Toxicity Development: A Multi-Institutional Cohort Study
Authors: Wan Guihong , Nguyen Nga , Leung Bonnie W. , Rashdan Hannah , Tang Kimberly , Roster Katie , Collier Michael R. , Ugwu-Dike Pearl O. , Raval Neel S. , Alexander Nora A. , Jairath Ruple , Phillipps Jordan , Amadife Munachimso , Zhang Shijia , Gusev Alexander , Chen Steven T. , Reynolds Kerry L. , LeBoeuf Nicole R. , Kwatra Shawn G. , Semenov Yevgeniy R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundRelationships between pre-existing inflammatory diseases (pIDs) and cutaneous immune-related adverse events (cirAEs) have not been well-studied. This study is to investigate associations between pIDs and cirAEs among immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) recipients at the Mass General Brigham healthcare system.MethodsElectronic health records were reviewed to ascertain cirAE status. Patients’ pID status was determined using International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes. Cox proportional hazard, logistic regression, and linear regression models were performed.ResultsAmong 3607 ICI recipients, 1354 had pIDs, and 672 developed cirAEs. After covariate adjustments, patients with cutaneous pIDs (HR:1.56, p<0.001) or both cutaneous and non-cutaneous pIDs (HR:1.76, p<0.001) had increased cirAE risk in contrast to patients with non-cutaneous pIDs alone (HR:1.01, p=0.9). In adjusted ordinal logistic regression modeling, cutaneous pIDs (OR:1.55, p<0.0001) and the presence of both cutaneous pIDs and non-cutaneous pIDs (OR:1.71, p=0.002) were associated with increased cirAE severity. The time to cirAE onset was different between the cutaneous pID group and the non-cutaneous pID group (Mean: 98 vs. 146 days, p=0.021; Beta: -0.11, p=0.033).ConclusionsICI recipients with cutaneous pIDs should have increased clinical monitoring due to their increased risk of cirAE development, severity, and earlier onset.
Building explainable graph neural network by sparse learning for the drug-protein binding prediction
Authors: Wang Yang , Shi Zanyu , Richardson Timothy , Huang Kun , Weerawarna Pathum , Wang Yijie 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTExplainable Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been developed and applied to drug-protein binding prediction to identify the key chemical structures in a drug that have active interactions with the target proteins. However, the key structures identified by the current explainable GNN models are typically chemically invalid. Furthermore, a threshold needs to be manually selected to pinpoint the key structures from the rest. To overcome the limitations of the current explainable GNN models, we propose our SLGNN, which stands for using Sparse Learning to Graph Neural Networks. Our SLGNN relies on using a chemical-substructure-based graph (where nodes are chemical substructures) to represent a drug molecule. Furthermore, SLGNN incorporates generalized fussed lasso with message-passing algorithms to identify connected subgraphs that are critical for the drug-protein binding prediction. Due to the use of the chemical-substructure-based graph, it is guaranteed that any subgraphs in a drug identified by our SLGNN are chemically valid structures. These structures can be further interpreted as the key chemical structures for the drug to bind to the target protein. We demonstrate the explanatory power of our SLGNN by first showing all the key structures identified by our SLGNN are chemically valid. In addition, we illustrate that the key structures identified by our SLGNN have more predictive power than the key structures identified by the competing methods. At last, we use known drug-protein binding data to show the key structures identified by our SLGNN contain most of the binding sites.CCS CONCEPTS• Computing methodologies→Neural networks;Supervised learning by classification;Neural networks.ACM Reference FormatYang Wang, Zanyu Shi, Timothy Richardson, Kun Huang, Pathum Weerawarna, and Yijie Wang. 2023. Building explainable graph neural network by sparse learning for the drug-protein binding prediction. InProceedings of Make sure to enter the correct conference title from your rights confirmation email (CNB MAC 2023). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 10 pages.https://doi.org/XXXXXXX.XXXXXXX
High tumor mutational burden predicts survival and responses to ICI immunotherapy in a cancer-dependent manner
Authors: Tang Feng , Lan Tian , Liu Zhen-Yuan , Wang Ze-Fen , Li Zhi-Qiang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveHigh tumor mutational burden (TMB) is a promising biomarker for patients with immunotherapy in certain types of solid tumors. This article focuses on exploring possible universally optimal cutoffs of TMB for predicting immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) response and prognosis for eight types of cancers.MethodsThe present study collected eight types of tumors including 2767 patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) treatment and 14862 patients without ICI treatment. We tried to explore optimal cutoffs of TMB in each type of tumor via selecting several possible cutoffs of TMB including 10mut/Mb, top 10%, 20%, and 30% of TMB within each histology.ResultsWe found that there was a significant difference in TMB values between ICI-treated and non-ICI-treated groups. The cutoff of TMB appropriate for predicting response rates, progression rates, and survival rates was varied in ICI therapy patients. Moreover, the optimal cutoff of TMB for predicting progression-free survival and overall survival in different types of the tumor was also quietly different.ConclusionOur current study suggested that TMB predicts prognosis and responses to ICI treatment in a cancer-dependent manner.
Attacks on Ukrainian healthcare facilities during the first year of the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine
Authors: Barten Dennis G. , Tin Derrick , Granholm Fredrik , Rusnak Diana , van Osch Frits , Ciottone Gregory 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundAlthough the Geneva Conventions and Rome Statute demand protections for healthcare facilities during war, breaches of these protections are frequently reported. The ongoing war in Ukraine is no exception, with several healthcare attacks eliciting widespread condemnation. The Ukrainian Healthcare Center (UHC) has been collecting, verifying and documenting attacks on health infrastructure since the Russia-Ukraine War was launched. The aim of this study was to assess UHC documented healthcare facility attacks during the first year (24 February 2022 to 25 February 2023) of the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine.MethodsThe Berkeley Protocol on Digital Open Source Investigations was used to document healthcare attacks. Data collection included temporal factors, location, facility type, attack and weapon type, number of killed and injured healthcare personnel and civilians, and whether facilities were damaged, destroyed or attacked more than once.ResultsThere were 334 documented attacks on 267 Ukrainian healthcare facilities, with 230 facilities being damaged and 37 destroyed. General hospitals, primary care clinics, emergency departments and children’s hospitals were most frequently targeted. The majority of attacks took place during the first three months and in eastern Ukrainian oblasts. Heavy weaponry was employed in almost all attacks. The total number of casualties included 97 fatalities and 114 injuries.ConclusionsDuring the first year of the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine, there were 334 attacks on 267 Ukrainian healthcare facilities documented by the UHC. Heavy weaponry was commonly used, and the direct impact of attacks was considerable in terms of facility damage and casualty tolls.