bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of titanium release following non‐surgical peri‐implantitis treatment: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Daubert Diane , Lee Eddie , Botto Antonella , Eftekhar Mojdeh , Palaiologou Archontia , Kotsakis Georgios A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundPeri‐implantitis is a frequent finding. Initial treatment involves non‐surgical debridement of the implant surface. Recent studies have found a correlation between titanium (Ti) particle release and peri‐implantitis, yet there is a dearth of information regarding the effect of various non‐surgical instrumentation on particle release or peri‐implantitis resolution.MethodsPatients with peri‐implantitis were recruited for a randomized, blinded, parallel‐group clinical trial. The implants were randomized to treatment composed of Ti curettes (“Mech” group) or implant‐specific treatment composed of rotary polymer microbrushes (“Imp” group). Ti release in submucosal peri‐implant plaque pre‐ and 8 weeks posttreatment was assessed as the primary outcome. Peri‐implant probing depth, bleeding on probing, and suppuration on probing were evaluated and compared between groups.ResultsThirty‐four participants completed treatment; 18 were randomized to the Mech group and 16 to the Imp group. The groups were comparable for Ti levels and probing depths at baseline. A trend was noted for 10‐fold greater Ti dissolution in the Mech group posttreatment compared to the Imp group (p = 0.069). The Imp group had a significant reduction in probing depth posttreatment (p = 0.006), while the Mech group reduction was not significant.ConclusionPeri‐implantitis treated non‐surgically with implant‐specific instruments (Imp group) had a significantly greater decrease in probing depth versus the Mech treatment group. This improvement was linked with a trend for less Ti release to the peri‐implant plaque by the non‐abrasive treatment.
Differing local‐scale responses of Bolivian Amazon forest ecotones to middle Holocene drought based upon multiproxy soil data
Authors: Hill James , Black Stuart , Soto Daniel , Chavez Ezequiel , Vos Vincent , Mayle Francis 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTUncertainty remains over local‐scale responses of ecotonal Amazonian forests to middle Holocene drying due to the scarcity, and coarse spatial resolution, of lacustrine pollen records. This paper examines the palaeoecological potential of soil phytoliths, stable carbon isotopes and charcoal for capturing local‐scale ecotonal responses of different types of Bolivian Amazonian forest to middle Holocene climate change. Soil pits 1 m deep were dug at ecotones between rainforest, dry forest, Chaco woodland and savannah, and sampled at 5–10 cm resolution. Both phytolith and stable carbon isotope records indicate stability of dry forest–savannah ecotones over the last ca. 6000 years, despite middle Holocene drought, revealing the dominance of edaphic factors over climate in controlling this type of ecotone. In contrast, δ13C data reveal that rainforest–savannah ecotones were more responsive to climate change, with rainforest likely replaced by drought‐tolerant dry forest or savannah vegetation during the mid‐Holocene, consistent with regional‐scale lacustrine pollen records. However, such shifts are not apparent in most of our phytolith records due to insufficient taxonomic resolution in differentiating rainforest from dry forest. Charcoal data show that ecotonal dry forests experienced greater fire activity than rainforests and that recent high fire activity at all forest sites is unprecedented since at least the middle Holocene.
Design optimization of polarization volume gratings for full‐color waveguide‐based augmented reality displays
Authors: Ding Yuqiang , Li Yannanqi , Yang Qian , Wu Shin‐Tson 
Published: April 2023

AbstractReflective polarization volume gratings (PVGs) can be used as input and output couplers in a diffractive waveguide‐based augmented reality (AR). To improve the stability and wearing comfort, a thin and lightweight full‐color waveguide display is needed. In this paper, we propose a single full‐color waveguide AR display based on PVGs. By analyzing the optical system, we derived the field of view limit by optimizing a three‐layer PVG as an in‐coupler. Pairing with a single‐layer, thin PVG as an out‐coupler, we can achieve a relatively uniform exit pupil of 8 mm at horizontal pupil expansion direction.
Perovskite quantum‐dots glasses with excellent stability and optical properties for laser projection
Authors: Du Aochen , Zhao Wenxiao , Ye Yun , Chen Enguo , Xu Sheng , Guo Tailiang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDue to the instability of perovskite quantum‐dots (PQDs), their applications in optoelectronic devices, in reality, are limited. In this paper, Cs(Pb,Sb)Br3 PQDs@glasses were successfully prepared by traditional melting quenching and heat treatment methods. The optical characterization shows that Cs(Pb0.7Sb0.3)Br3 PQDs@glasses has an emission peak of 518 nm and a full width at half maximum of 20 nm, and the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) is 58%. The electronic structure of Cs(Pb0.875Sb0.125)Br3 has been studied by first principles. The stable range of chemical potential of each element in CsPbBr3 is calculated by first principles. It is proved that CsPbBr3 is an excellent PQDs luminescent material. The thermal analysis and temperature‐dependent photoluminescence spectra prove the stability of the PQDs@glass within 200°. The thermal distribution of the sample under laser irradiation is measured by a finite element method. In addition, Cs(Pb,Sb)Br3 PQDs@glasses are combined with AlN‐(Ca,Eu)AlSiN3 ceramic phosphors to prepare phosphor wheels, which shows that these materials have potential application prospects in the field of display.
Novel HPV Associated Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Surveillance DNA Assay Cost Analysis
Authors: Lin Michael G. , Zhu Alexander , Read Paul W. , Garneau Jonathan , McLaughlin Christopher 
Published: April 2023

ObjectivesWe aim to propose a modified surveillance strategy using a novel blood assay that detects plasma circulating tumor‐specific HPV DNA with reported 100% NPV and 94% PPV as the main method of detection to understand the cost implications of potentially avoiding routine imaging and surveillance visits at our institution.MethodsWe performed a retrospective chart review focusing on recurrences in p16+ patients with OPSCC and defined two surveillance strategies: “Strategy A", follow‐up visits with flexible laryngoscopy (FL) plus regular imaging studies; “Strategy B", follow‐up visits with FL plus regular NavDx assays and imaging used at the discretion of the physician(s) in cases of high clinical suspicion.ResultsOf the p16+ OPSCC patients (n = 214), 23 had confirmed recurrence (11%). Standard work‐flow model determined 72 imaging studies and 2198 physical examinations with FL were needed to detect one recurrence. Potential individual patient cost reduction during surveillance was 42%.ConclusionImplementing NavDx for HPV + OPSCC surveillance would benefit patients by reducing costs and unnecessary diagnostic testing.Level of EvidenceStep/Level 3 Laryngoscope, 133:3006–3012, 2023
Longitudinal and Transverse Optical Beam Shifts Show Non‐separability
Authors: Modak Niladri , Ashutosh Swain , Guchhait Shyamal , Das Sayantan , Pan Alok Kumar , Ghosh Nirmalya 
Published: April 2023

AbstractUnder the introduction of any tilted interface in its trajectory, an optical beam experiences polarization‐dependent deflections in the longitudinal and transverse directions with respect to the plane of incidence. The physics of such optical beam shifts are connected to profound universal wave phenomena governed by the fine interference effects of wave packets and have opened up avenues toward metrological applications. Here, the inherent non‐separability of the longitudinal and transverse optical beam shifts is revealed by considering a rather simple case of a partially reflecting Gaussian laser beam from a dielectric interface. This non‐separability appears substantially at some particular regions in the corresponding experimental parameter space. This manifests as a position–position non‐separable state of classical light field. The tunability of the related experimental parameters offers control over the degree of non‐separability. These findings are expected to be a step forward in the exploration of optical beam shifts and a number of analogous universal phenomena. The initial observation also indicates its practical impact on metrology and generation of high‐quality tunable position–position non‐separable states of classical light fields.
Mass spectrometry of polymers: A tutorial review
Authors: Wesdemiotis Chrys , Williams‐Pavlantos Kayla N. , Keating Addie R. , McGee Andrew S. , Bochenek Calum 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEver since the inception of synthetic polymeric materials in the late 19th century, the number of studies on polymers as well as the complexity of their structures have only increased. The development and commercialization of new polymers with properties fine‐tuned for specific technological, environmental, consumer, or biomedical applications requires powerful analytical techniques that permit the in‐depth characterization of these materials. One such method with the ability to provide chemical composition and structure information with high sensitivity, selectivity, specificity, and speed is mass spectrometry (MS). This tutorial review presents and exemplifies the various MS techniques available for the elucidation of specific structural features in a synthetic polymer, including compositional complexity, primary structure, architecture, topology, and surface properties. Key to every MS analysis is sample conversion to gas‐phase ions. This review describes the fundamentals of the most suitable ionization methods for synthetic materials and provides relevant sample preparation protocols. Most importantly, structural characterizations via one‐step as well as hyphenated or multidimensional approaches are introduced and demonstrated with specific applications, including surface sensitive and imaging techniques. The aim of this tutorial review is to illustrate the capabilities of MS for the characterization of large, complex polymers and emphasize its potential as a powerful compositional and structural elucidation tool in polymer chemistry.
A novel de novo TP63 mutation in whole‐exome sequencing of a Syrian family with Oral cleft and ectrodactyly
Authors: Simpson Claire L. , Kimble Danielle C. , Chandrasekharappa Settara C. ,   NISC Comparative Sequencing Program, Alqosayer Khalid , Holzinger Emily , Carrington Blake , McElderry John , Sood Raman , Al‐Souqi Ghiath , Albacha‐Hejazi Hasan , Bailey‐Wilson Joan E. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundOral clefts and ectrodactyly are common, heterogeneous birth defects. We performed whole‐exome sequencing (WES) analysis in a Syrian family. The proband presented with both orofacial clefting and ectrodactyly but not ectodermal dysplasia as typically seen in ectrodactyly, ectodermal dysplasia, and cleft lip/palate syndrome‐3. A paternal uncle with only an oral cleft was deceased and unavailable for analysis.MethodsVariant annotation, Mendelian inconsistencies, and novel variants in known cleft genes were examined. Candidate variants were validated using Sanger sequencing, and pathogenicity assessed by knocking out the tp63 gene in zebrafish to evaluate its role during zebrafish development.ResultsTwenty‐eight candidate de novo events were identified, one of which is in a known oral cleft and ectrodactyly gene, TP63 (c.956G > T, p.Arg319Leu), and confirmed by Sanger sequencing.ConclusionTP63 mutations are associated with multiple autosomal dominant orofacial clefting and limb malformation disorders. The p.Arg319Leu mutation seen in this patient is de novo but also novel. Two known mutations in the same codon (c.956G > A, p.(Arg319His; rs121908839, c.955C > T), p.Arg319Cys) cause ectrodactyly, providing evidence that mutating this codon is deleterious. While this TP63 mutation is the best candidate for the patient's clinical presentation, whether it is responsible for the entire phenotype is unclear. Generation and characterization of tp63 knockout zebrafish showed necrosis and rupture of the head at 3 days post‐fertilization (dpf). The embryonic phenotype could not be rescued by injection of zebrafish or human messenger RNA (mRNA). Further functional analysis is needed to determine what proportion of the phenotype is due to this mutation.
Global deep learning optimization of chemical exchange saturation transfer magnetic resonance fingerprinting acquisition schedule
Authors: Cohen Ouri , Otazo Ricardo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractChemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI is a promising molecular imaging technique but suffers from long scan times and complicated processing. CEST was recently combined with magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) to address these shortcomings. However, the CEST‐MRF signal depends on multiple acquisition and tissue parameters so selecting an optimal acquisition schedule is challenging. In this work, we propose a novel dual‐network deep learning framework to optimize the CEST‐MRF acquisition schedule. The quality of the optimized schedule was assessed in a digital brain phantom and compared with alternate deep learning optimization approaches. The effect of schedule length on the reconstruction error was also investigated. A healthy subject was scanned with optimized and random schedules and with a conventional CEST sequence for comparison. The optimized schedule was also tested in a subject with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Reproducibility was assessed via test–retest experiments and the concordance correlation coefficient calculated for white matter (WM) and grey matter (GM). The optimized schedule was 12% shorter but yielded equal or lower normalized root mean square error for all parameters. The proposed optimization also provided a lower error compared with alternate methodologies. Longer schedules generally yielded lower error. In vivo maps obtained with the optimized schedule showed reduced noise and improved delineation of GM and WM. CEST curves synthesized from the optimized parameters were highly correlated (r = 0.99) with measured conventional CEST. The mean concordance correlation coefficient in WM/GM for all tissue parameters was 0.990/0.978 for the optimized schedule but only 0.979/0.975 for the random schedule. The proposed schedule optimization is widely applicable to MRF pulse sequences and provides accurate and reproducible tissue maps with reduced noise at a shorter scan time than a randomly generated schedule.
Weight loss relapse associated with exposure to perfluorinated alkylate substances
Authors: Grandjean Philippe , Meddis Alessandra , Nielsen Flemming , Sjödin Anders , Hjorth Mads F. , Astrup Arne , Budtz‐Jørgensen Esben 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that perfluorinated alkylate substance (PFAS) exposures are associated with body weight increases in a dietary intervention study.MethodsIn the DioGenes trial, adults with obesity first lost at least 8% of their body weight and then completed at least 26 weeks on a specific diet. Concentrations of five major PFASs were assessed in plasma samples from study baseline.ResultsIn 381 participants with complete data, plasma concentrations averaged 2.9 ng/mL and 1.0 ng/mL for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS), respectively. A doubling in plasma PFOA was associated with an increase in weight at 26 weeks by 1.50 kg (95% CI: 0.88–2.11), with an increase of 0.91 kg (95% CI: 0.54–1.27) for PFHxS, independent of diet groups and sex. Associations for other PFASs were in the same direction and significant, although not after adjustment for PFOA and PFHxS. Weight changes associated with elevated PFAS exposures were similar to or larger than average changes ascribed to the different diet groups.ConclusionsElevated plasma concentrations of PFOA and PFHxS were associated with increased weight gain that exceeded those related to the diets. Obesogenic PFASs may cause weight gain and thus contribute to the obesity pandemic.
Graphene/carbon nanotube/polypyrrole composite films for electromagnetic interference shielding
Authors: Xie Zhixiang , Chen Huaiyu , Hu Sikun , Zhao Hongchao , Chen Wenduo , Jiang Dazhi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPolypyrrole (PPy), an ideal organic electroactive material, shows limited application in the field of electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding for its relatively low shielding effectiveness (SE), significant stiffness, difficult solubility, and poor processing performance. A strategy is proposed to construct three‐dimensional network structures of graphene/CNT/polypyrrole by electrochemical deposition to improve the EMI SE of polypyrrole composite films. In the graphene/CNT/polypyrrole films, the graphene/CNT substrates form the skeletons, and polypyrrole acts as bridges between graphene sheets and CNTs to form percolation networks in the multiphase and multihierarchical nanocomposites. When the deposition time increases to 80 min, the content of polypyrrole increases to 30 wt%, the conductivity improves by 27.7%, and the EMI SE improves by 11.4% at X‐band. The final film thickness is 249 μm, the conductivity is 3.06 S/mm, and the average EMI SE is 59.6 dB.
The measurement of motivation and self‐concept within the Students' approaches to learning framework
Authors: Ropovik Ivan , Greger David 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMotivation and self‐concept count among the educationally most relevant factors and the evaluation of many educational interventions requires their valid measurement. The present study examined the psychometric properties of a shortened version of the Students' Approaches to Learning questionnaire measuring 10 distinct motivational and self‐concept constructs. This large‐scale study drew a nationally representative sample (N = 6209; 49% female) from a population of 11–12‐year‐old Czech students. The assessment of construct validity indicated (1) the structural relations between the constructs, (2) the predictive relations to scores in standardized achievement tests or teacher‐assigned grades, and (3) the distinct differences in constructs' latent means between genders and students of the academic and mainstream track were mostly consistent with theory‐derived predictions. The nomological network of the measure maps relatively well onto the observed relations. Although not intended for individual assessment, the measure allows for psychometrically sound group inferences in relatively diverse student populations.
Adaptation of the person centered therapeutic relationship patient version (PCTR‐PT) to a version for physiotherapists (PCTR‐PHYS) and evaluation of its psychometric properties
Authors: Rodríguez‐Nogueira Óscar , Balaguer Jaume Morera , Nogueira López Abel , Roldán‐Merino Juan , Zamora‐Conesa Víctor , Moreno‐Poyato Antonio R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeThe therapeutic relationship is a central component for developing person‐centered care within physiotherapy services. However, it is necessary to understand how this relationship is perceived by both parties involved. The Person Centered Therapeutic Relationship‐Patient scale (PCTR‐PT) was constructed to identify patients' perceptions. No instruments are currently available to correlate patients' and physiotherapists' perceptions of the therapeutic relationship. This study sought to adapt the PCTR‐PT to develop a version for physiotherapists, the Person Centered Therapeutic Relationship Scale for Physiotherapists (PCTR‐PHYS) and to determine its psychometric properties.MethodsA three‐stage study was performed: (1) item generation, (2) pretesting of the questionnaire, (3) analysis of psychometric properties. Factor validity and psychometric properties were analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Convergent validity was calculated. Internal consistency was verified using the Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to examine temporal stability.ResultsThirty‐three physiotherapists participated in two rounds of cognitive interviews and 343 participated in the analysis of psychometric properties. The CFA confirmed the four‐structure model. Reliability of the tool was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha (α = 0.863) for all four dimensions, as all were above 0.70, ranging from 0.704 (relational bond) and 0.898 (therapeutic communication). Test‐retest was performed with 2‐week intervals, indicating an appropriate stability for the scale (ICC = 0.908).DiscussionThe Person Centered Therapeutic Relationship Scale for Physiotherapists is a useful, valid and applicable instrument to evaluate the person‐centered therapeutic relationship during physiotherapy interventions. It will enable the comparison of patients' and physiotherapists' perceptions. To provide person‐centered care in physiotherapy services, there is a clear need to incorporate specific resources into clinical practice to evaluate the quality of the therapeutic relationship from the perspective of both the persons being treated and the professionals providing care.
Implications of metastatic stage at presentation in docetaxel naïve metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Roy Soumyajit , Wallis Christopher J. D. , Morgan Scott C. , Kishan Amar U. , Le Amy Tu Trinh , Malone Julia , Sun Yilun , Spratt Daniel E. , Saad Fred , Malone Shawn 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe performed a secondary analysis of ACIS study to determine if synchronous versus metachronous metastatic presentation has any association with survival and treatment response to dual androgen receptor axis‐targeted therapy (ARAT) in docetaxel naïve metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).MethodologyIn this phase III randomized controlled trial, docetaxel naïve mCRPC patients were randomized to either apalutamide or placebo combined with abiraterone and prednisone. Multivariable Cox regression models were applied to determine the adjusted association of M‐stage with radiographic progression‐free survival (rPFS) and overall survival (OS). To determine the heterogeneity of treatment effect based on metastatic stage (M‐stage) at presentation, Cox regression was applied with interaction terms between M‐stage and treatment.ResultsAmong 972 patients, 432 had M0, 334 had M1, while M‐stage at presentation was unknown in 206. There was no association of M‐stage at presentation with rPFS in patients with prior local therapy (LT) (hazard ratio for M1‐stage: 1.22 [95% confidence interval: 0.82–1.82]; unknown: 1.03 [0.77–1.38]) or without prior LT (M1‐stage: 0.87 [0.64–1.19]; unknown: 1.15 [0.77–1.72]) with no significant heterogeneity. Similarly, there was no association of M‐stage with OS in patients with prior LT (M1‐stage: 1.04 [0.81–1.33]; unknown: 0.98 [0.79–1.21]) or without prior LT (M1‐stage: 0.95 [0.70–1.29]; unknown: 1.17 [0.80–1.71]) with no significant heterogeneity. Based on M‐stage at presentation, we did not find any significant heterogeneity in treatment effect on rPFS (interaction p = 0.13), and OS (interaction p = 0.87).ConclusionM‐stage at presentation had no association with survival in chemotherapy‐naïve mCRPC. We did not find any statistically significant heterogeneity in efficacy of dual ARAT based on synchronous versus metachronous presentation.