bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The predictive role of intolerance of uncertainty and trait of worry in breast cancer patients: A prospective, observational, single-center clinical study
Authors: Shams Malihe , Pardini Susanna , Del Bianco Paola , Calabrese Caterina , De Salvo Gian Luca , Novara Caterina 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundBreast cancer diagnosis and treatment compromise well-being in a pervasive way, and negative consequences may remain after recovery. The psychological side of breast cancer has been extensively investigated; however, the role of intrusive thoughts and intolerance of uncertainty have been studied less systematically.ObjectivesThe present study aimed to prospectively evaluate worry content, depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress symptoms and to define the role of the trait of worry and intolerance of uncertainty (IU) related to breast cancer.MethodsPatients with their first breast cancer diagnosis were enrolled in a single-center, prospective observational trial. The trait of worry and IU were assessed using the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) and the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-Revised (IUS-R). The psychological aspects were evaluated using the Worry Domains Questionnaire (WDQ), the Beck Anxiety (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). Questionnaires were administered in a randomized sequence at diagnosis (T0), 3 months post-diagnosis (T1), and 12 months post-diagnosis (T2).ResultsOne hundred and fifty eligible patients were enrolled in the study and provided the T0 assessment. Further compliance rates were 57% at T1 and 64% at T2. All patients showed a significant and continuous increase in the IES-R scale (p &lt; 0.0001) from diagnosis to the end of the study, while no significant changes were observed for the WDQ, BAI, and BDI-II scales. The clinical PSWQ levels and/or high levels of the IUS-R score were the only variables that aided the distinction between patients who maintain high levels of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic disorders and those who did not.ConclusionAn early assessment of the components of the trait of worry and intolerance of uncertainty could be critical in identifying patients with a higher psychopathological risk. Furthermore, if future studies confirm the present findings, support and monitoring throughout the prognosis may present crucial benefits, and possibly affect the course of treatment.
When COVID-19 strikes mental health: a measurement analysis of reassurance seeking behavior scale in Peruvian population
Authors: Manrique-Millones Denisse , García-Serna Jackeline , Castillo-Blanco Ronald , Fernández-Ríos Nataly , Lizarzaburu-Aguinaga Danny Alonso , Parihuamán-Quinde Geraldina Rebeca , Villarreal-Zegarra David 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundThe long-lasting impact of the COVID-19 pandemic cannot be overstated. To combat its dire consequences, some screening measures have been hastily developed and require robust verification to explore their adequacy across different groups. The present research study aimed to analyze measurement invariance by sociodemographic characteristics of the Coronavirus Reassurance Seeking Behavior Scale (CRSB) in Peruvian adults.MethodsA total of 661 participants completed The Coronavirus Reassurance Seeking Behavior Scale (CRSB), the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS), and sociodemographic information a subgroup filled in the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Reliability and measurement invariance across sociodemographic characteristics were analyzed. Likewise, associations with depression and dysfunctional coronavirus anxiety were examined.ResultsResults showed that the single factor structure of the CRSB with correlated errors fitted the data adequately and the instrument was invariant across gender, age, and loss of a significant relative to COVID-19. In addition, significant associations with depressive symptoms and dysfunctional anxiety were found.ConclusionThe findings of the present study suggest that the Coronavirus Reassurance Seeking Behaviors Scale is invariant across different sociodemographic characteristics.
The integration of yoga breathing techniques in cognitive behavioral therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder: A pragmatic randomized controlled trial
Authors: Haller Heidemarie , Mitzinger Dietmar , Cramer Holger 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionIn trauma-focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT), stabilization techniques are used before confrontation ones to increase stress/affect tolerance and thus effectiveness of CBT. This study investigated the effects of pranayama, meditative yoga breathing and breath holding techniques, as a complimentary stabilization technique in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).MethodsSeventy-four PTSD-patients (84% female, 44.2 ± 13 years) were randomized to receive either pranayama at the beginning of each TF-CBT session or TF-CBT alone. The primary outcome was self-reported PTSD severity after 10 sessions of TF-CBT. Secondary outcomes included quality of life, social participation, anxiety, depression, distress tolerance, emotion regulation, body awareness, breath-holding duration, acute emotional reaction to stress, and adverse events (AEs). Intention-to-treat (ITT) and exploratory per-protocol (PP) analyses of covariance with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were performed.ResultsITT analyses revealed no significant differences on primary or secondary outcomes, except for breath-holding duration in favor of pranayama-assisted TF-CBT (20.81 s, 95%CI = 13.05|28.60). PP analyses of 31 patients without AEs during pranayama revealed significantly lower PTSD severity (−5.41, 95%CI = -10.17|-0.64) and higher mental quality of life (4.89, 95%CI = 1.38|8.41) than controls. In contrast, patients with AEs during pranayama breath holding reported significantly higher PTSD severity (12.39, 95%CI = 5.08|19.71) than controls. Concurrent somatoform disorders were found to be a significant moderator of change in PTSD severity (p = 0.029).ConclusionIn PTSD patients without concurrent somatoform disorders, the integration of pranayama into TF-CBT might reduce post-traumatic symptoms and increase mental quality of life more efficiently than TF-CBT alone. The results remain preliminary until they can be replicated by ITT analyses.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03748121.
Next generation immuno-oncology tumor profiling using a rapid, non-invasive, computational biophysics biomarker in early-stage breast cancer
Authors: Cook Daniel , Biancalana Matthew , Liadis Nicole , Lopez Ramos Dorys , Zhang Yuhan , Patel Snehal , Peterson Joseph R. , Pfeiffer John R. , Cole John A. , Antony Anuja K. 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundImmuno-oncology (IO) therapies targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis, such as immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) antibodies, have emerged as promising treatments for early-stage breast cancer (ESBC). Despite immunotherapy's clinical significance, the number of benefiting patients remains small, and the therapy can prompt severe immune-related events. Current pathologic and transcriptomic predictions of IO response are limited in terms of accuracy and rely on single-site biopsies, which cannot fully account for tumor heterogeneity. In addition, transcriptomic analyses are costly and time-consuming. We therefore constructed a computational biomarker coupling biophysical simulations and artificial intelligence-based tissue segmentation of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRIs), enabling IO response prediction across the entire tumor.MethodsBy analyzing both single-cell and whole-tissue RNA-seq data from non-IO-treated ESBC patients, we associated gene expression levels of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis with local tumor biology. PD-L1 expression was then linked to biophysical features derived from DCE-MRIs to generate spatially- and temporally-resolved atlases (virtual tumors) of tumor biology, as well as the TumorIO biomarker of IO response. We quantified TumorIO within patient virtual tumors (n = 63) using integrative modeling to train and develop a corresponding TumorIO Score.ResultsWe validated the TumorIO biomarker and TumorIO Score in a small, independent cohort of IO-treated patients (n = 17) and correctly predicted pathologic complete response (pCR) in 15/17 individuals (88.2% accuracy), comprising 10/12 in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) and 5/5 in HR+/HER2- tumors. We applied the TumorIO Score in a virtual clinical trial (n = 292) simulating ICI administration in an IO-naïve cohort that underwent standard chemotherapy. Using this approach, we predicted pCR rates of 67.1% for TNBC and 17.9% for HR+/HER2- tumors with addition of IO therapy; comparing favorably to empiric pCR rates derived from published trials utilizing ICI in both cancer subtypes.ConclusionThe TumorIO biomarker and TumorIO Score represent a next generation approach using integrative biophysical analysis to assess cancer responsiveness to immunotherapy. This computational biomarker performs as well as PD-L1 transcript levels in identifying a patient's likelihood of pCR following anti-PD-1 IO therapy. The TumorIO biomarker allows for rapid IO profiling of tumors and may confer high clinical decision impact to further enable personalized oncologic care.
Emergency obstetric referrals in public health facilities: A descriptive study from urban Maharashtra, India
Authors: Das Sushmita , Patil Sarita , Pathak Sweety , Chakravarthy Sahana , Fernandez Armida , Pantvaidya Shanti , Jayaraman Anuja 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundAn effective referral system is key to access timely emergency obstetric care. The criticality of referrals makes it necessary to understand its pattern at the health system level. This study aims to document the patterns and primary reasons of obstetric case referral and the maternal and perinatal outcome of the cases in public health institutions in select areas of urban Maharashtra, India.MethodsThe study is based on the health records of public health facilities in Mumbai and its adjoining three municipal corporations. The information on pregnant women referred for obstetric emergencies was collected from patient referral forms of municipal maternity homes and peripheral health facilities between 2016 and 2019. Maternal and child outcome data was obtained from “Received-In” peripheral and tertiary health facilities to track whether the referred woman reached the referral facility for delivery. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze demographic details, referral patterns, reasons of referrals, referral communication and documentation, time and mode of transfer and delivery outcomes.Results14% (28,020) women were referred to higher health facilities. The most common reasons for referral were pregnancy-induced hypertension or eclampsia (17%), previous caesarean section (12%), fetal distress (11%) and Oligohydramnios (11%). 19% of all referrals were entirely due to unavailability of human resources or health infrastructure. Non-availability of emergency Operation Theatre (47%) and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (45%) were the major non-medical reasons for referrals. Absence of health personnel such as anaesthetist (24%), paediatrician (22%), physician (20%) or obstetrician (12%) was another non-medical reason for referrals. Referring facility had a phone-based communication about the referral with the receiving facility in less than half of the cases (47%). 60% of the referred women could be tracked in higher health facilities. Of the tracked cases, 45% women delivered via caesarean section. Most of the deliveries (96%) resulted in live birth outcomes. 34% of the newborns weighed less than 2,500 grams.ConclusionImproving referral processes are critical to enhance the overall performance of emergency obstetric care. Our findings emphasize the need for a formal communication and feedback system between referring and receiving facilities. Simultaneously, ensuring EmOC at different levels of health facilities by upgradation of health infrastructure is recommended.
Dual-mobility cup total hip arthroplasty improves the quality of life compared to internal fixation in femoral neck fractures patients with severe neuromuscular disease in the lower extremity after stroke: a retrospective study
Authors: Liang Chaolun , Chen Bojian , Hu Zhifeng , Li Xing , Huang Yongming 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundThis study aimed to demonstrate that dual-mobility cup total hip arthroplasty (DMC-THA) can significantly improve the quality of life (QOL) of elderly femoral neck fracture patients with severe neuromuscular disease in unilateral lower extremities due to stroke hemiplegia compared to internal fixation (IF).MethodsFifty-eight cases of severe neuromuscular disease in the unilateral lower extremities with muscle strength &lt; grade 3/5 due to stroke were retrospectively examined From January 2015 to December 2020. Then, patients were divided into DMC and IF groups. The QOL was examined using the EQ-5D and SF-36 outcome measures. The physical and mental statuses were assessed using the Barthel Index (BI) and e Fall Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I), respectively.ResultsPatients in the DMC group had higher BI scores than those in the IF group at different time point. Regarding mental status, the FES-I mean score was 42.1 ± 5.3 in the DMC group and 47.3 ± 5.6 in the IF group (p = 0.002). For the QOL, the mean SF-36 score was 46.1 ± 18.3 for the health component and 59.5 ± 15.0 for the mental component in the DMC group compared to 35.3 ± 16.2 (p = 0.035), and 46.6 ± 17.4 (p = 0.006) compared to the IF group. The mean EQ-5D-5L values were 0.733 ± 0.190 and 0.303 ± 0.227 in the DMC and IF groups (p = 0.035), respectively.ConclusionDMC-THA significantly improved postoperative QOL compared to IF in elderly patients with femoral neck fractures and severe neuromuscular dysfunction in the lower extremity after stroke. The improved outcomes were related to the enhanced early, rudimentary motor function of patients.
Influence of adverse effects of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy on the prognosis of patients with early-stage esophageal cancer (cT1b-cT2N0M0) based on the SEER database
Authors: Cao Xiying , Wu Bingqun , Li Hui , Xiong Jianxian 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveTo analyze the prognostic impact of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) on early-stage (cT1b-cT2N0M0) esophageal cancer (ESCA) and construct a prognostic nomogram for these patients.MethodsWe extracted the clinical data about patients diagnosed with early-stage esophageal cancer from the 2004–2015 period of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. We applied the independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with early-stage esophageal cancer obtained after screening by univariate and multifactorial COX regression analyses to establish the nomogram and performed model calibration using bootstrapping resamples. The optimal cut-off point for continuous variables is determined by applying X-tile software. After balancing the confounding factors by propensity score matching (PSM) and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) method, Kaplan-Meier(K-M) curve, and log-rank test were applied to evaluate the prognostic impact of NCRT on early-stage ESCA patients.ResultsAmong patients who met the inclusion criteria, patients in the NCRT plus esophagectomy (ES) group had a poorer prognosis for overall survival (OS) and esophageal cancer-specific survival (ECSS) than patients in the ES alone group (p &lt; 0.05), especially in patients who survived longer than 1 year. After PSM, patients in the NCRT + ES group had poorer ECSS than patients in the ES alone group, especially after 6 months, while OS was not significantly different between the two groups. IPTW analysis showed that, prior to 6 months patients in the NCRT + ES group had a better prognosis than patients in the ES group, regardless of OS or ECSS, whereas after 6 months, patients in the NCRT + ES group had a poorer prognosis. Based on multivariate COX analysis, we established a prognostic nomogram which showed areas under the ROC curve (AUC) for 3-, 5-, and 10-year OS 0.707, 0.712, and 0.706, respectively, with the calibration curves showing that the nomogram was well calibrated.ConclusionsPatients with early-stage ESCA (cT1b-cT2) did not benefit from NCRT, and we established a prognostic nomogram to provide clinical decision aid for the treatment of patients with early-stage ESCA.
The ovine HIAT1 gene: mRNA expression, InDel mutations, and growth trait associations
Authors: Luo Yunyun , Akhatayeva Zhanerke , Mao Cui , Jiang Fugui , Guo Zhengang , Xu Hongwei , Lan Xianyong 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundThe hippocampal abundant transcript 1 (HIAT1) gene, also known as major facilitator superfamily domain-containing 14A (MFSD14A), encodes for a transmembrane transporter protein and has been previously shown to be associated with milk production in buffalo and sheep breeds, as well as growth traits in chicken and goats. However, tissue level distribution of the ovine HIAT1 gene, as well as its effect on body morphometric traits in sheep, has yet to be studied.MethodsThe HIAT1 mRNA expression profile of Lanzhou fat-tailed (LFT) sheep was determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). A total of 1498 sheep of three indigenous Chinese sheep breeds were PCR-genotyped for polymorphisms of HIAT1 gene. Student's t-test was used to observe the association between the genotype and sheep morphometric traits.ResultsHIAT1 was widely expressed in all examined tissues, and was particularly abundant in the testis of male LFT sheep. Additionally, a 9-bp insertion mutation (rs1089950828) located within the 5'-upstream region of HIAT1 was investigated in Luxi black-headed (LXBH) sheep and Guiqian semi-fine wool (GSFW) sheep. The wildtype allele frequency 'D' was found to be more prevalent than that of the mutant allele ‘I'. Furthermore, low genetic diversity was confirmed in all sampled sheep populations. Subsequent association analyses indicated an association between the 9-bp InDel mutation of interest and the morphometric traits of LXBH and GSFW sheep. Furthermore, yearling ewes with a heterozygous genotype (ID) demonstrated smaller body sizes, while yearling rams and adult ewes with the heterozygous genotype were found to have overall better growth performance.ConclusionThese findings imply that functional InDel polymorphism (rs1089950828) has the potential to be utilized for marker-assisted selection (MAS) of growth traits in domestic Chinese sheep populations.
Computational fluid dynamic analysis of upper airway procedures in equine larynges
Authors: Tucker Michelle L. , Wilson David G. , Bergstrom Donald J. , Carmalt James L. 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionComputational fluid dynamics (CFD) has proven useful in the planning of upper airway surgery in humans, where it is used to anticipate the influence of the surgical procedures on post-operative airflow. This technology has only been reported twice in an equine model, with a limited scope of airflow mechanics situations examined. The reported study sought to widen this application to the variety of procedures used to treat equine recurrent laryngeal neuropathy (RLN). The first objective of this study was to generate a CFD model of an ex-vivo box model of ten different equine larynges replicating RLN and four therapeutic surgeries to compare the calculated impedance between these procedures for each larynx. The second objective was to determine the accuracy between a CFD model and measured airflow characteristics in equine larynges. The last objective was to explore the anatomic distribution of changes in pressure, velocity, and turbulent kinetic energy associated with the disease (RLN) and each surgical procedure performed.MethodsTen equine cadaveric larynges underwent inhalation airflow testing in an instrumented box while undergoing a concurrent computed tomographic (CT) exam. The pressure upstream and downstream (outlet) were measured simultaneously. CT image segmentation was performed to generate stereolithography files, which underwent CFD analysis using the experimentally measured outlet pressure. The ranked procedural order and calculated laryngeal impedance were compared to the experimentally obtained values.Results and discussionThe CFD model agreed with the measured results in predicting the procedure resulting in the lowest post-operative impedance in 9/10 larynges. Numerically, the CFD calculated laryngeal impedance was approximately 0.7 times that of the measured calculation. Low pressure and high velocity were observed around regions of tissue protrusion within the lumen of the larynx. RLN, the corniculectomy and partial arytenoidectomy surgical procedures exhibited low pressure troughs and high velocity peaks compared to the laryngoplasty and combined laryngoplasty/corniculectomy procedures. CFD modeling of the equine larynx reliably calculated the lowest impedance of the different surgical procedures. Future development of the CFD technique to this application may improve numerical accuracy and is recommended prior to consideration for use in patients.
Detection of the dominant pathogens in diarrheal calves of Ningxia, China in 2021–2022
Authors: Wang Dong , Gao Haihui , Zhao Long , Lv Changrong , Dou Wei , Zhang Xiuping , Liu Yong , Kang Xiaodong , Guo Kangkang 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionCalf diarrhea is a complex disease that has long been an unsolved problem in the cattle industry. Ningxia is at the forefront of China in the scale of cattle breeding, and calf diarrhea gravely restricts the development of Ningxia's cattle industry.MethodsFrom July 2021 to May 2022, we collected diarrhea stool samples from calves aged 1–103 days from 23 farms in five cities in Ningxia, and performed PCR using specific primers for 15 major reported pathogens of calf diarrhea, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites. The effect of different seasons on the occurrence of diarrhea in calves was explored, the respective epidemic pathogens in different seasons were screened, and more detailed epidemiological investigations were carried out in Yinchuan and Wuzhong. In addition, we analyzed the relationship between different ages, river distributions and pathogen prevalence.ResultsEventually, 10 pathogens were detected, of which 9 pathogens were pathogenic and 1 pathogen was non-pathogenic. The pathogens with the highest detection rate were Cryptosporidium (50.46%), Bovine rotavirus (BRV) (23.18%), Escherichia coli (E. coli) K99 (20.00%), and Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) (11.82%). The remaining pathogens such as Coccidia (6.90%), Bovine Astrovirus (BoAstV) (5.46%), Bovine Torovirus (BToV) (4.09%), and Bovine Kobuvirus (BKoV) (3.18%) primarily existed in the form of mixed infection.DiscussionThe analysis showed that different cities in Ningxia have different pathogens responsible for diarrhea, with Cryptosporidium and BRV being the most important pathogens responsible for diarrhea in calves in all cities. Control measures against those pathogens should be enforced to effectively prevent diarrhea in calves in China.