bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phytochemical analysis and nephroprotective potential of Ajwa date in doxorubicin‐induced nephrotoxicity rats: Biochemical and molecular docking approaches
Authors: Baothman Othman A. S. , Altayb Hisham N. , Zeyadi Mustafa A. , Hosawi Salman B. , Abo‐Golayel Mohamed Kamel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the likely defensive impact of Ajwa date aqueous extract (AJDAE) in alleviating the nephrotoxicity generated by doxorubicin (DOX) injection in rats. Sixty male Wister albino rats were randomly and equally separated into six groups (n = 10), and they were treated as follows: untreated control group, extract groups administered with 0.75 and 1.5 mg kg bw of AJDAE, toxicant control group administered with DOX, and prophylactic groups were treated with 0.75 and 1.5 mg/kg of AJDAE and 15 mg/kg DOX. Biochemical parameters, antioxidant enzymes, renal functions, DNA integrity, and histopathology were studied to evaluate the nephroprotective activity of AJDAE. Furthermore, bioactive compounds were utilized for in silico molecular docking. AJDAE treatment resulted in significant improvements in the amended renal biomarkers (urea, creatinine, calcium, phosphorous, and uric acid), antioxidative markers, and MDA. Noticeable histopathological improvements supported this result. Results of in silico studies revealed that d‐Mannitol, 6TMS derivative, palmitic acid, and TMS derivative had a higher docking score with human soluble epoxide hydrolase (−10.9 kcal/mol) and NF‐κB‐DNA (−7 kcal/mol). The present findings indicated that AJDAE could decrease ROS generation and lipid peroxidation (LPO) and repair the DOX injection‐related DNA damage.
Taurine alleviates oxidative stress in porcine mammary epithelial cells by stimulating the Nrf2‐MAPK signaling pathway
Authors: Xu Mengmeng , Che Long , Gao Kaiguo , Wang Li , Yang Xuefen , Wen Xiaolu , Li Mengyun , Jiang Zongyong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe high incidence of oxidative stress in sows during late gestation and lactation affects mammary gland health, milk yield, and milk quality. Recently, we found that supplementing maternal diets with 1% taurine improved antioxidant capability and enhanced growth performance in offspring; however, the mechanisms underlying these are unknown. This study aimed to investigate the cytoprotective effects and the mechanism of taurine in mitigating oxidative stress in porcine mammary epithelial cells (PMECs). PMECs were pretreated with 0–2.0 mM taurine for 12 h and then subjected to oxidative injury with 500 μM hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Pretreatment with taurine attenuated decreased cell viability, enhanced superoxide dismutase, and reduced the intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation after H2O2 exposure. Taurine also prevented H2O2‐induced endoplasmic reticulum stress. Nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) was essential to the cytoprotective effects of taurine on PMECs, as Nrf2 knockdown significantly inhibited taurine‐induced cytoprotection against oxidative stress. Moreover, we confirmed that Nrf2 induction by taurine was mediated through the inactivation of the p38/MAPK pathway. Overall, taurine supplementation has beneficial effects on redox balance regulation and may protect against oxidative stress in lactating animals.
Weak and pleiotropy robust sex‐stratified Mendelian randomization in the one sample and two sample settings
Authors: Karageorgiou Vasilios , Tyrrell Jess , Mckinley Trevelyan J. , Bowden Jack 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundMendelian randomization (MR) leverages genetic data as an instrumental variable to provide estimates for the causal effect of an exposure X on a health outcome Y that is robust to confounding. Unfortunately, horizontal pleiotropy—the direct association of a genetic variant with multiple phenotypes—is highly prevalent and can easily render a genetic variant an invalid instrument.MethodsBuilding on existing work, we propose a simple method for leveraging sex‐specific genetic associations to perform weak and pleiotropy‐robust MR analysis. This is achieved by constructing an MR estimator in which pleiotropy is perfectly removed by cancellation, while placing it within the powerful machinery of the robust adjusted profile score (MR‐RAPS) method. Pleiotropy cancellation has the attractive property that it removes heterogeneity and therefore justifies a statistically efficient fixed effects model. We extend the method from the typical two‐sample summary‐data MR setting to the one‐sample setting by adapting the technique of Collider‐Correction. Simulation studies and applied examples are used to assess how the sex‐stratified MR‐RAPS estimator performs against other common approaches.ResultsThe sex‐stratified MR‐RAPS method is shown to be robust to pleiotropy even in cases where all genetic variants violated the standard Instrument Strength Independent of Direct Effect assumption. In some cases where the strength of the pleiotropic effect additionally varied by sex (and so perfect cancellation was not achieved), over‐dispersed MR‐RAPS implementations can still consistently estimate the true causal effect. In applied analyses, we investigate the causal effect of waist‐hip ratio (WHR), an important marker of central obesity, on a range of downstream traits. While the conventional approaches suggested paradoxical links between WHR and height and body mass index, the sex‐stratified approach obtained a more realistic null effect. Nonzero effects were also detected for systolic and diastolic blood pressure as well as high‐density and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol.DiscussionWe provide a simple but attractive method for weak and pleiotropy robust causal estimation of sexually dimorphic traits on downstream outcomes, by combining several existing approaches in a novel fashion.
Convergence in a multi‐method study between Rorschach and self‐report data of traumatized refugees assessed before and after psychotherapy
Authors: Hartmann Ellen , Opaas Marianne 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRorschach and self‐report instruments represent methodologically different types of assessment, which together may yield incremental information about the test‐taker. There is little evidence on whether and when results from these methods converge.ObjectiveTo examine possible convergences between Rorschach trauma‐related personality variables and self‐reported variables.MethodBefore and after psychotherapy 22 traumatized adult refugee patients were assessed with the Rorschach Performance Assessment System (R‐PAS), symptom checklists of posttraumatic stress, anxiety and depression, and a quality of life questionnaire. Correlational analyses between eight R‐PAS variables and 10 self‐reported variables were performed.ResultsThe findings showed inconsistent and nonsignificant correlations pretherapy. Posttherapy, however, all R‐PAS variables except Complexity correlated positively with symptoms of mental disorder, and negatively with the quality of life variables, as predicted. The R‐PAS variables Mutuality of Autonomy‐Pathology, Poor Human Representation, Critical Content, and Form Quality‐minus%, converged significantly with most of the self‐reported variables, with medium to large correlations.ConclusionThe finding of convergence only after psychotherapy, may tentatively suggest greater self‐knowledge and internal consistency through the therapy experience, and increased trust and self‐disclosure through the repeated meetings with the researchers. The findings represent a promising contribution to a cumulative validation process of convergence between Rorschach and self‐report data.
Costs and cost‐effectiveness of a collaborative data‐to‐care intervention for HIV treatment and care in the United States
Authors: Shrestha Ram K. , Fanfair Robyn Neblett , Randall Liisa M. , Lucas Crystal , Nichols Lisa , Camp Nasima , Brady Kathleen A. , Jenkins Heidi , Altice Frederick L. , DeMaria Alfred , Villanueva Merceditas , Weidle Paul J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionData‐to‐care programmes utilize surveillance data to identify persons who are out of HIV care, re‐engage them in care and improve HIV care outcomes. We assess the costs and cost‐effectiveness of re‐engagement in an HIV care intervention in the United States.MethodsThe Cooperative Re‐engagement Control Trial (CoRECT) employed a data‐to‐care collaborative model between health departments and HIV care providers, August 2016–July 2018. The health departments in Connecticut (CT), Massachusetts (MA) and Philadelphia (PHL) collaborated with HIV clinics to identify newly out‐of‐care patients and randomize them to receive usual linkage and engagement in care services (standard‐of‐care control arm) or health department‐initiated active re‐engagement services (intervention arm). We used a microcosting approach to identify the activities and resources involved in the CoRECT intervention, separate from the standard‐of‐care, and quantified the costs. The cost data were collected at the start‐up and recurrent phases of the trial to incorporate potential variation in the intervention costs. The costs were estimated from the healthcare provider perspective.ResultsThe CoRECT trial in CT, MA and PHL randomly assigned on average 327, 316 and 305 participants per year either to the intervention arm (n = 166, 159 and 155) or the standard‐of‐care arm (n = 161, 157 and 150), respectively. Of those randomized, the number of participants re‐engaged in care within 90 days in the intervention and standard‐of‐care arms was 85 and 70 in CT, 84 and 70 in MA, and 98 and 67 in PHL. The additional number of participants re‐engaged in care in the intervention arm compared with those in the standard‐of‐care arm was 15 (CT), 14 (MA) and 31 (PHL). We estimated the annual total cost of the CoRECT intervention at $490,040 in CT, $473,297 in MA and $439,237 in PHL. The average cost per participant enrolled was $2952, $2977 and $2834 and the average cost per participant re‐engaged in care was $5765, $5634 and $4482. We estimated an incremental cost per participant re‐engaged in care at $32,669 (CT), $33,807 (MA) and $14,169 (PHL).ConclusionsThe costs of the CoRECT intervention that identified newly out‐of‐care patients and re‐engaged them in HIV care are comparable with other similar interventions, suggesting a potential for its cost‐effectiveness in the US context.
A compact low‐pass filter using a miniaturized capacitor and honeycomb cavity on substrate integrated suspended line platform
Authors: Zhang Haiyang , Wang Yongqiang , Ma Kaixue 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis article proposes a compact low‐pass filter (LPF) using a miniaturized capacitor, and honeycomb cavity based on the substrate integrated suspended line platform. A new method for miniaturizing capacitors is proposed, and simultaneously honeycomb cavities are adopted to extend the stopband. As a design case, a seven‐order quasi‐lumped‐element LPF with a cutoff frequency of 0.6 GHz is designed, fabricated, and tested. The size of the LPF is 0.085λg × 0.015λg × 0.012λg, and a wide stopband from 0.82 to 67 GHz with a suppression level greater than 20 dB is obtained.
Radiomics feature analysis and model research for predicting histopathological subtypes of non‐small cell lung cancer on CT images: A multi‐dataset study
Authors: Song Fan , Song Xiao , Feng Youdan , Fan Guangda , Sun Yangyang , Zhang Peng , Li Jinkai , Liu Fei , Zhang Guanglei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPurposeClassifying the subtypes of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is essential for clinically adopting optimal treatment strategies and improving clinical outcomes, but the histological subtypes are confirmed by invasive biopsy or post‐operative examination at present. Based on multi‐center data, this study aimed to analyze the importance of extracted CT radiomics features and develop the model with good generalization performance for precisely distinguishing major NSCLC subtypes: adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).MethodsWe collected a multi‐center CT dataset with 868 patients from eight international databases on the cancer imaging archive (TCIA). Among them, patients from five databases were mixed and split to training and test sets (560:140). The remaining three databases were used as independent test sets: TCGA set (n = 97) and lung3 set (n = 71). A total of 1409 features containing shape, intensity, and texture information were extracted from tumor volume of interest (VOI), then the ℓ2,1‐norm minimization was used for feature selection and the importance of selected features was analyzed. Next, the prediction and generalization performance of 130 radiomics models (10 common algorithms and 120 heterogeneous ensemble combinations) were compared by the average AUC value on three test sets. Finally, predictive results of the optimal model were shown.ResultsAfter feature selection, 401 features were obtained. Features of intensity, texture GLCM, GLRLM, and GLSZM had higher classification weight coefficients than other features (shape, texture GLDM, and NGTDM), and the filtered image features exhibited significant importance than original image features (p‐value = 0.0210). Moreover, five ensemble learning algorithms (Bagging, AdaBoost, RF, XGBoost, GBDT) had better generalization performance (p‐value = 0.00418) than other non‐ensemble algorithms (MLP, LR, GNB, SVM, KNN). The Bagging‐AdaBoost‐SVM model had the highest AUC value (0.815 ± 0.010) on three test sets. It obtained AUC values of 0.819, 0.823, and 0.804 on test set, TCGA set and lung3 set, respectively.ConclusionOur multi‐dataset study showed that intensity features, texture features (GLCM, GLRLM, and GLSZM) and filtered image features were more important for distinguishing ADCs from SCCs. The method of ensemble learning can improve the prediction and generalization performance on the complicated multi‐center data. The Bagging‐AdaBoost‐SVM model had the strongest generalization performance, and it showed promising clinical value for non‐invasively predicting the histopathological subtypes of NSCLC.
A personal perspective on the development and future of cone‐beam CT for image‐guided radiotherapy
Authors: Jaffray David A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe development of cone‐beam CT guided radiotherapy has transformed radiation oncology in the 20 years since it was first released commercially. The technological pace of change has spurred a massive transformation in our daily clinical practice, forced us to evolve our approach to multi‐ and inter‐disciplinary collaboration, and enabled new treatment paradigms. Further progress in integrating quantitative CT in these robotic platforms promises to do even more by “burying the complexity” of radiotherapy and leveraging the expanding digital fabric that uses machine learning approaches to bring semi‐automated expertise to bear on the issues of expertise and quality. This is the only way we will be able to respond to the massive global shortfall in high‐quality radiotherapy services across the globe.
Iberiotoxin and clofilium regulate hyperactivation, acrosome reaction, and ion homeostasis synergistically during human sperm capacitation
Authors: Wang Yayan , Gao Tian , Shan Lijun , Li Kun , Liang Fei , Yu Jianmin , Ni Ya , Sun Peibei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPotassium channels play essential roles in the regulation of male fertility. However, potassium channels mediating K+ currents in human sperm (IKSper) remain controversial. Besides SLO3, the SLO1 potassium channel is a potential candidate for human sperm KSper. This study intends to elucidate the function of SLO1 potassium channel during human sperm capacitation. Human sperm were treated with iberiotoxin (IbTX, a SLO1 specific inhibitor) and clofilium (SLO3 inhibitor) separately or simultaneously during in vitro capacitation. A computer‐assisted sperm analyzer was used to assess sperm motility. The sperm acrosome reaction (AR) was analyzed using fluorescein isothiocyanate‐conjugated Pisum sativum agglutinin staining. Sperm protein tyrosine phosphorylation was studied using western blotting. Intracellular Ca2+, K+, Cl−, and pH were analyzed using ion fluorescence probes. Independent inhibition with IbTX or clofilium decreased the sperm hyperactivation, AR, and protein tyrosine phosphorylation, and was accompanied by an increase in [K+]i, [Cl−]i, and pHi, but a decrease in [Ca2+]i. Simultaneously inhibition with IbTX and clofilium lower sperm hyperactivation and AR more than independent inhibition. The increase in [K+]i, [Cl−]i, and pHi, and the decrease in [Ca2+]i were more pronounced. This study suggested that the SLO1 potassium channel may have synergic roles with SLO3 during human sperm capacitation.
Neurochemical correlations in short echo time proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors: Hong Sungtak , Shen Jun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNeurochemical concentrations determined by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) have been treated as statistically independent measurements in various clinical MRS studies. However, spectral overlap, independent of any biological effects, could lead to significant correlations between neurochemical concentrations extracted from spectral fitting of MRS data, confounding determination of correlations of biological origin. Short echo time (TE) proton MRS spectra are very crowded because of the comparatively narrow chemical shift dispersion of proton nuclear spins. In this study, the complex neurochemical correlations of spectral origin in short‐TE MRS spectra were quantified. The effects of macromolecules and the background spectral baseline on metabolite–metabolite correlations were also analyzed. Our results demonstrate the importance of factoring in spectral correlations when correlating overlapping metabolite signals in short‐TE spectra with clinical parameters.
Analysis of the current status of community nurses' spiritual care competencies and the factors: A descriptive cross‐sectional analysis
Authors: Zhang XuanYue , Ba Li , Xu JiaLi , Xie SuMei , Tu Jin , Yang Xin , Liu Hanjiao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimTo examine and analyze the level of spiritual care competency among community nurses.DesignThe study employed a cross‐sectional design.MethodsFrom May to July 2022, 442 nurses from community health clinics were chosen as survey respondents using the convenience sample method. The General Information Questionnaire, the version in Chinese of the Nurses' Spiritual Caregiving Awareness Scale and the Chinese version of the Spiritual Caregiving Competence Scale were used in the survey. There were 442 questionnaires distributed, 422 were collected, and the response rate was 95.4%.ResultsThe amount of spiritual care competencies of community nurses was positively correlated with the level of spiritual awareness. Simultaneously, their level of education, religious beliefs, marital status and the degree of knowledge of spirituality were all influenced.
Opioid‐involved overdose trainings delivered using remote learning modalities
Authors: Giordano Nicholas A. , Febres‐Cordero Sarah , Baker Helen , Pfeiffer Katherine M. , Walsh Lisa Marie , Gish Andy , Axson Sydney A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimThis education‐focused study examined changes in nursing students' knowledge and attitudes towards responding to opioid‐involved overdoses following participation in trainings delivered using remote learning modalities.DesignThis pre‐post study examined learning outcomes among 17 nursing students.MethodsParticipants completed the Opioid Overdose Attitude Scale and Opioid Overdose Knowledge Scale to assess attitudes and knowledge, respectively. Trainings were delivered to two separate groups, one via virtual reality immersive video and another over video conferencing.ResultsAttitude scores increased by an average of 12.2 points and knowledge scores increased by 1.65 points. Within the virtual reality group, attitude scores increased by an average of 10 points, while no significant changes were observed in knowledge scores. The video conferencing group improved in both attitude and knowledge scores, by an average of 16.2 points and 2.1 points, respectively.ConclusionsThese hypothesis generating results illustrate the utility of remote learning approaches to deliver trainings, while maintaining social distance during the ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic.
Prognostic role of EAONO/JOS, STAMCO, and ChOLE Staging for Exclusive Endoscopic and Endoscopic‐Microscopic Tympanoplasty
Authors: Fermi Matteo , Bassano Edoardo , Villari Domenico , Capriotti Vincenzo , Calvaruso Federico , Bonali Marco , Alicandri‐Ciufelli Matteo , Marchioni Daniele , Presutti Livio 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the study is to evaluate cholesteatoma's surgical outcomes in patients treated with endoscopic ear surgery (EES) or a combined endoscopic‐microscopic approach (cEMA) according to STAM, STAMCO, ChOLE, and EAONO/JOS system (EJS) classifications and staging.Study DesignRetrospective study.SettingMonocentric study in a tertiary referral center.MethodsOne‐hundred sixty‐eight patients who underwent EES or cEMA for cholesteatoma between 2010 and 2018 were classified according to the abovementioned classification and staging. Data on cholesteatoma's recurrence and residual rates were collected. Inferential statistical analysis was performed to evaluate surgical outcomes and the prognostic value of classifications and staging.ResultsThe recurrence rate was significantly lower in cholesteatomas classified in EJS stage 1 (2.6%) and STAM stage 1 (0%). A comparison of the different stages of the disease showed a significantly lower recurrence only for stage 1 versus the superior stages of both classifications. Involvement of mastoid bone was associated with a higher risk of recurrence (odds ratio [OR]: 4.12; p = .031). Attical involvement was associated with a higher risk of residual cholesteatoma (OR: 1.165; p = .046).ConclusionEES or cEMA represents an effective treatment for middle ear cholesteatoma. The STAM classification and the EJS have shown a prognostic value, with STAM 1 and EAONO‐JOS 1 stages associated with a better prognosis. Mastoid involvement represents a risk factor for recurrence. Attic localization is associated with residual disease. Localization at difficult access sites did not implicate a higher risk for recurrence or residual. ChOLE classification, Ossicular chain status, and complication status did not provide prognostic information regarding recurrence or residual cholesteatoma.