bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Penambahan Ekstrak Buah Pisang dan Daun Kelor ke dalam media terhadap Pertumbuhan Embrio Kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.) secara In Vitro
Authors: Kurniawan Setia , Rahayu Megayani Sri 
Published: March 2023

Kelapa merupakan komoditas penting di Indonesia maupun di dunia Internasional. Perbanyakan kelapa dapat dilakukan dengan pembiakan melalui metode kultur jaringan. Kultur embrio merupakan salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan dalam kultur jaringan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat pengaruh penambahan ekstrak buah pisang dan daun kelor ke dalam media untuk perkecambahan kelapa. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT) faktor tunggal dengan 5 perlakuan, yaitu kontrol, penambahan ekstrak buah pisang 100 g L-1, ekstrak buah pisang 150 g L-1, ekstrak daun kelor 10 ml L-1, dan ekstrak daun kelor 20 ml L-1. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa perlakuan kontrol memiliki hasil daya berkacambah paling tinggi namun tidak berbeda nyata terhadap waktu tumbuh dibanding perlakuan lainnya. Eksplan yang menghasilkan persentase akar dan plumula paling tinggi terdapat pada perlakuan kontrol namun tidak berbeda nyata dibanding pemberian ekstrak daun kelor 10 ml L-1. Pemberian ekstrak buah pisang ambon 100 g L-1 dan 150 g L-1 mengalami tingkat kematian dan browning paling tinggi. Pemberian ekstrak daun kelor 10 ml L-1 memiliki persentase panjang plumula paling tinggi pada 12 MST namun tidak berbeda nyata dibanding perlakuan kontrol dan pemberian ekstrak daun kelor 20 ml L-1.

Kata kunci: cendawan, kultur embrio, kultur jaringan
The evaluation of e-learning readiness as a distance learning media of the first-semester biology students
Authors: Ariandi Ariandi , Wahid Masyitha 
Published: March 2023

Universitas Sulawesi Barat (Unsulbar) launched its primary Learning Management System (LMS) named E-learning of Universitas Sulawesi Barat or often called “E-learning Unsulbar” in 2020 (https://elearning.unsulbar.ac.id/). Implementing E-learning at Unsulbar is one of the university’s efforts to maximize distance learning, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. A study was conducted to evaluate E-learning readiness to measure the readiness of new students of the Biology Education Study Program towards the E-learning implementation. It is a quantitative descriptive study using a survey method adapted from a questionnaire developed by Akaslan and Law. The respondents were 77 new students from the biology education class of 2020 in the odd semester of 2020-2021. The measurement adapts three main stages, i.e., readiness (technology, people, institutions, content), acceptance, and training. The result showed that the readiness of new students for E-learning Unsulbar for technology and training factors were 3.1 and 3.3, respectively. It was categorized as not ready, which means that there needed to be more readiness of students’ internet infrastructures and academics who need training in using E-learning Unsulbar. Meanwhile, the scores for the factor of people, institutions, content, and acceptance were 3.8, 4.2, 3.85, and 3.9, respectively, and categorized as ready to be implemented. This result is an evaluation material for the university in determining the right policy for implementing E-learning Unsulbar.
Implementation of project-based learning models to improve science literacy of junior high school students
Authors: Fauziah Durotun Ayu , Erman Erman , Enny Susiyawati  , Mohammad Budiyanto  
Published: March 2023

This study aims to provide an overview of students' scientific literacy effectiveness through project-based learning (PjBL). The type of research used is pre-experimental design research through one group pretest-postest design. The subjects in this study were 22 students of class VII A in junior high school SMP Negeri 3 Sumberejo, Bojonegoro, in the 2022/2023 academic year. The data collection techniques used were tests and questionnaires. Research instruments are science literacy tests and student response questionnaire sheets. The results were analyzed using the N-Gain and t-paired tests with effect size. The implementation observation sheet and the response questionnaire were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively. The results showed that the science literacy ability of grade VII A students of SMP Negeri 3 Sumberejo increased from an average pretest score of 30.6 to 38,03 at the post-test. Students' science literacy ability is in a low category with an average N-Gain of 0.10 with an effect size of 0.63 in the moderate category. Improving students' science literacy skills is also supported by implementing learning that is carried out correctly. The application of project-based learning received a positive response from students. Students find learning using project-based learning environmental pollution material fun, attractive, and easy to understand and use, helping to understand the concept of environmental pollution and practicing science literacy. The implication of this study's results is that students should practice many scientific literacy questions referred to as indicators of scientific literacy competency.
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM PEMANTAUAN PARAMETER LINGKUNGAN BERBASIS INTERNET OF THINGS (IoT) DI GUDANG PENYIMPANAN UNTUK PABRIK GULA
Authors: Telaumbanua Mareli , Yana Eka , Suharyatun Siti , Lanya Budianto , Wisnu Febryan Kusuma , Rahmawati Winda 
Published: March 2023

Gula merupakan salah satu komoditas kebutuhan pokok. Proses produksi untuk menghasilkan gula di pabrik terdiri dari beberapa tahapan yaitu penggiingan, pemurnian, penguapan, kristalisasi, pemisahan dan penyelesaian. Setelah itu, gula yang telah dikemas, disimpan dalam gudang sebelum di kirim ke pasar. Kondisi lingkungan gudang penyimpan gula harus sesuai dengan standar. Faktor lingkungan yang tidak sesuai, mampu merusak gula. Beberapa faktor lingkungan penting dalam gudang penyimpanan yaitu suhu, kelembaban, CO2, dan api. Ketersediaan alat ukur portable berbasis internet of things merupakan salah satu bentuk pengawasan keamanan pabrik gula di dalam gudang, sehingga gula yang disimpan tidak menggumpal, meleleh dan menjadi rusak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat alat monitoring gudang pabrik gula menggunakan sistem internet of things (IoT). Alat monitoring ruang yang dibuat terdiri dari komponen utama Wemos D1 R2, sensor MQ-135 untuk deteksi CO2, sensor DHT22 untuk deteksi suhu dan kelembaban dan sensor api. Semua komponen disusun di dalam kotak elektronik berwarna hitam dengan ukuran 15 cm x 9,5 cm x 5 cm. Terdapat 5 alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Uji kinerja sistem meliputi, tingkat stabilitas, Reliabilitas, respon sistem, akurasi pengiriman data. perhitungan penggunaan daya listrik dan biaya operasional alat diukur dalam penelitian ini. Uji kinerja dilakukan selama 7 hari dengan jarak antar ruang 50-100 meter. Dari hasil uji kinerja, seluruh sistem telah bekerja stabil. Hasil pengujian dengan menggunakan Cronbach Alpha taraf 5% menunjukan alat 1 sampai 5 menghasilkan nilai reliabilitas tinggi. Rerata respon sistem ke 5 alat yaitu 8,28 detik. Rerata akurasi transmisi data dari 5 alat meliputi data suhu adalah 0,00124, kelembaban 0,00434, dan Nilai CO2 adalah 0,00678. Hasil uji kinerja menunjukkan bahwa alat telah bekerja dengan baik sesuai harapan.
Será o Cão o Melhor Amigo da Criança?
Authors: Mota Marina , Henriques Ana Raquel , Sousa Jéssica , Martins Rosa , Neves Ana Margarida 
Published: March 2023

Nos últimos anos, tem havido um interesse científico crescente no campo da interação homem-animal, e os resultados têm sugerido vários potenciais benefícios, tanto em adultos como em crianças. Os cães podem desempenhar um papel importante no desenvolvimento social, emocional e cognitivo das crianças. Brincar com o cão pode também contribuir para aumentar a atividade física das crianças melhorando a sua qualidade de vida.No entanto, é inegável que existem efeitos desfavoráveis ou riscos que devem ser considerados. As preocupações mais frequentemente referidas são alergia, asma e transmissão de doenças zoonóticas. Além disso, riscos tais como agressões e mordeduras também devem ser considerados. Tem estado a ser estudado se a idade de exposição ao cão pode influenciar o risco de doença alérgica, não existindo dados suficientes. Não há evidência que suporte a existência de espécies hipoalergénicas.O médico deve informar a família de todos os riscos e benefícios associados à posse de um cão, contribuindo para uma decisão parental informada e consciente. É também aconselhável selecionar cuidadosamente o cão, tendo em conta as suas características intrínsecas, nomeadamente a agressividade. Fatores como o tempo diário disponível, espaço adequado, prestadores de cuidados para períodos de ausência e disponibilidade económica também devem ser ponderados.
Knowledge of Mothers' Behavioral Training About Oral Hygiene of Elementary School Children at RSGM Baiturrahmah
Authors: Sri Pandu Utami  , Atikah Putri Sakinah  
Published: March 2023

Background Parents need to know, how to teach and train their children to take care of their teeth from early age because because early age child have reached motor maturity followed by intellectual development. Parents who have low knowledge children's care tend to ignore and not support their children's dental health. Parents and children must work together to maintain good oral hygiene.It can be seen that poor parental attitudes generally reflect poor oral health in children and vice versa. Objectives: to describe mothers’ knowledge about oral hygiene attitudes and practices out how the role of mothers in maintaining children's teeth and to determine the health of children's teeth. Methods: using questionnaires and descriptive analysis of probability sampling approach by combining aspects of stratification and cluster sampling in the IKGA (Ilmu Kedokteran Gigi Anak) lab room, Baiturrahmah University, around 30 respondents were sampled in each place and randomly selected. Results: from the results of the study, it was found that mothers who graduated from school were 34.72% and mothers who graduated from diploma/bachelor were 65.28% of the population, 10 (35%) have only attended elementary school and 20 (65%) mothers who graduated. Conclusion: Mothers are less aware of dental disease prevention measures, the importance of brushing teeth, and visits to the dentist. Therefore, it is the responsibility of the government and health service providers to provide knowledge on oral health to mothers, because they are role models for their children.
Distribution of Risk Factors and Mode of Delivery in Pregnant and Postpartum Women with Covid-19
Authors: Ayu Nanta Deo Apringga , Rahmadiany Puspita Deasy , Nupikso Wasis , Damanik Andoharman , Hasanah Fitria Nur 
Published: March 2023

In the beginning of 2020, COVID-19 widely spread from Wuhan City of China causing a global pandemic. Pregnant women are a group that is prone to suffer from this disease due to their physiology and immune response changes. In the early stages of pregnancy, COVID-19 infection has the potential to affect organ growth and fetal development. Risk factors, such as late pregnancy, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease have been found to cause more severe manifestation and can increase the risk of premature birth to abortion. There is also a risk for vertical transmission which further endanger the postnatal outcome. The purpose of this study is to figure out the depiction of distribution of risk factors and mode of delivery in pregnant and postpartum women to better understand the major health problem that commonly found and which mode physicians preferred for safe delivery. This study uses an analytical descriptive approach with cross-sectional design in a period of April 2020 to September 2021 in Regional General Hospital Sidoarjo.. 231 respondents were selected with total sampling of the population and are based on the positive result of antigen swab and/or RT-PCR COVID-19 test and risk factor categories which has been determined. The obtained data then statistically analyzed using The IBM SPSS Statistics and described in a table. The result of this study showed that the majority of respondents are not in the risk category yet certain conditions are commonly found and C-section is preferred for delivery.
Fractalkine levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with various body weight
Authors: Kobrynska O. Y. 
Published: March 2023

The obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM) are considered as concomitant pathologies in the most cases. The risk of developing cardiovascular and overall mortality increases even when the upper limit of normal body weight is reached. The chemokine family is important in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, as it activates leukocytes and provokes their adhesion to the vascular wall, i.e., increases inflammation in the endothelium, and plays an important role at all stages of cardiovascular diseases (CVD).
Objective — to investigate the fractalkine level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with various body weights and to establish correlations between fractalkine and cardiovascular risk factors, cytokine levels, and morpho functional parameters of the heart.
Materials and methods. Examinations involved 100 patients with type 2 DM with normal, overweight, and obesity of varying degrees; the control group consisted of 10 practically healthy subjects. The mean age of patients was 47.9±3.4 years. Patients didn’t have history of CVD or CVD signs during examinations, part from arterial hypertension. Echocardiography and assessment of fractalkine levels were performed to all patients.
Results. A significantly higher fractalkine level was found in all patients with type 2 DM compared to the control group. There was a significant increase in the levels of this indicator depending on body mass index. It was found that there was a direct correlation between average strength with body mass index (r=0.45; p=0.0001), thickness of the left ventricular posterior wall (r=0.53; p=0.0005), left ventricular myocardial mass index (r=0.589; p=0.0005), and left atrium (r=0.49; p=0.0005); a strong correlation with waist circumference (r=0.72; p<0.0001), a moderate correlation with total cholesterol (r=0.46; p=0.0005), a significant correlation (r=0.62; p<0.00001) with glycated hemoglobin. There was also a significant relationship between fractalkine level and interleukin‑6 (0.69; p=0.0005) and C‑reactive protein (0.63; p<0.00001), a significant relationship (r=0.63 p<0.00001) between fractalkine and leptin levels.
Conclusions. The study results demonstrated that in patients with type 2 DM, and an increase in body mass index, the level of blood fractalkine significantly increases, which closely correlates with waist circumference, indicators of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and pro‑inflammatory cytokines. A significant relationship was found between fractalkine levels and left ventricular posterior wall thickness, left ventricular, and left atrial myocardial mass index.
Thyroid follicular carcinomas: current state of the problem and long-term results of treatment
Authors: Bolgov M. Y. , Zelinska H. V. , Tarashchenko Y. M. , Melnik M. D. 
Published: March 2023

Thyroid follicular tumors remain a difficult category for both cytological and histological diagnosis, due to the lack of reliable cellular signs of malignancy. An important innovation of the 2022 classification is the appearance of a whole group of low‑risk thyroid neoplasms, which took an intermediate place between the groups of benign and malignant neoplasms. Despite the success of cytological diagnosis of thyroid neoplasms, there are unresolved issues related to the diagnosis of follicular neoplasias, which are considered a «gray zone» of cytological diagnosis.
Objective — to perform a retrospective analysis of the long‑term results of diagnosis and surgical treatment of patients with thyroid follicular carcinoma.
Materials and methods. The research material was the results of treatment of 113 patients who were operated on in the surgical clinic of the V.Komisarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine due to the thyroid follicular carcinoma. All patients had a pre‑operative cytological conclusion from the Institute's laboratory and were observed by specialists for at least five years (maximal term 35 years).
Results. Bethesda group IV («follicular neoplasia») was established in 24.8% of cases. A cytological conclusion about a malignant process (Bethesda VI) or a suspicion of it (Bethesda V) was established in 27.4% (15% and 12.4%, respectively). In 41.6% of cases, the Bethesda II group («benign process») was determined, i.e., there were no doubts about the benign nature of the formation at all. According to the final pathological diagnosis, 8 cases were classified as widely invasive follicular carcinoma, 15 were classified as angioinvasive, and 90 were minimally invasive. The combination of signs of thyroid carcinoma with papillary carcinoma was indicated in 5 cases, 4 of them were present in the presence of minimally invasive carcinoma, in one case — widely invasive. In general, the obtained data indicated a favorable prognosis of minimally invasive follicular carcinomas and allowed to confirm the opinion that in general they do not require radioiodine therapy. The performance of definitive thyroidectomy concluded to be debatable.
Conclusions. The obtained results have shown that thyroid cancer remains difficult to diagnose and predict, but in the most cases, it is effectively cured. In the past decades, the attitude towards all follicular carcinomas was more «aggressive», which needs to be revised in view of new data and corresponds to modern world trends.
Does Tourism Really Matter for Economic Growth? Evidence from Nepal
Authors: Paudyal Shoorabeer 
Published: March 2023

Tourism seems to be widely recognized as the one among a few sectors in Nepal which can be an engine of economic growth. However, there are few empirical studies about Nepalese tourism. This paper, thus, attempts to examine the impact of tourism and other related macroeconomic variables on the economic growth of Nepal by deriving tourism income multiplier from the Keynesian macroeconomic model. The three stage least square and seemingly unrelated regressions are the techniques employed for estimating the value of multiplier. The estimated value of multiplier based on regression results over thirty six year period from 1975 to 2010 is estimated at 1.21. In addition, Granger causality tests are used to confirm the direction of the impact of one variable on another variable, which reveals that there exists bi-directional impact in the case of tourism receipts and GDP. In addition, tourism receipts are found to have bi-directional relationship with some other variables such as GNI, exports, private consumption, imports and so on. Thus, tourism multiplier and the Granger causality tests show that tourism is important component for economic growth in Nepal.
Effect of resin photopolymerization on primary teeth pulpal temperature change.
Authors: ERDOĞAN Yıldırım , ERTUĞRUL İhsan Furkan 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The polymerization of restorative materials has the potential to increase pulpal temperature and may result in damage to the health of pulpal tissue. The aim of this study is to investigate the pulpal temperature change of primary teeth with two LED light-curing units (Valo Cordless®, EliparTM DeepCure-S) and three restorative groups (Filtek™ Bulk Fill Flowable, Filtek™ Z250 Universal Restorative and empty cavity) by using a microcirculation model.
Material and Methods: Ten sound human maxillary second primary molars were used. Standardized Class V cavity preparations were performed with a dentin thickness of 1 mm and restorative groups were cured with LED light-curing units. The highest temperature point in the pulp chamber was recorded. A repeated measures ANOVA and paired samples t-test were used for analysis of the data (𝑝
Australian military personnel perspectives on family, service, and deployment: An analysis of open-ended survey data
Authors: Runge Catherine E. , Moss Katrina M. , Dean Judith A. , Waller Michael 
Published: March 2023

LAY SUMMARY Most research on military family health has involved talking to spouses, but what do military personnel think? Personnel may identify different issues that have not had the attention of research on armed forces. This study used the “Any other comments?” question in a military family survey to get their thoughts. Australian Defence Force regular and reserve personnel who were in the army, navy, or air force completed the survey. There were 264 personnel who talked about families, and key issues and views were identified from their responses. These included the challenge of living away from families for service reasons and a feeling of “talk, not action” on work and family balance. Responses revealed that non-family-friendly practices affected the health of families. They also caused personnel to leave regular service or the military altogether. Armed forces should work to match practices with policies. This study also shows how open-ended-comment questions in surveys are useful for research and give military personnel a chance to have their say.
Combined subtarsal contralateral transmaxillary retroeustachian and endoscopic endonasal approaches to the infrapetrous region
Authors: Labib Mohamed A. , Abramov Irakliy , Houlihan Lena Mary , Srinivasan Visish M. , Scherschinski Lea , Prevedello Daniel M. , Carrau Ricardo L. , Abou-Al-Shaar Hussam , Preul Mark C. , Lawton Michael T. 
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVE
The eustachian tube (ET) limits endoscopic endonasal access to the infrapetrous region. Transecting or mobilizing the ET may result in morbidities. This study presents a novel approach in which a subtarsal contralateral transmaxillary (ST-CTM) corridor is coupled with the standard endonasal approach to facilitate access behind the intact ET.

METHODS
Eight cadaveric head specimens were dissected. Endoscopic endonasal approaches (EEAs) (i.e., transpterygoid and inferior transclival) were performed on one side, followed by ST-CTM and sublabial contralateral transmaxillary (SL-CTM) approaches on the opposite side, along with different ET mobilization techniques on the original side. Seven comparative groups were generated. The length of the cranial nerves, areas of exposure, and volume of surgical freedom (VSF) in the infrapetrous regions were measured and compared.

RESULTS
Without ET mobilization, the combined ST-CTM/EEA approach provided greater exposure than EEA alone (mean ± SD 288.9 ± 40.66 mm2 vs 91.7 ± 49.9 mm2; p = 0.001). The VSFs at the ventral jugular foramen (JF), entrance to the petrous internal carotid artery (ICA), and lateral to the parapharyngeal ICA were also greater in ST-CTM/EEA than in EEA alone (p = 0.002, p = 0.002, and p < 0.001, respectively). EEA alone, however, provided greater VSF at the hypoglossal canal (HGC) than did ST-CTM/EEA (p = 0.01). The SL-CTM approach did not increase the EEA exposure (p = 0.48). The ST-CTM/EEA approach provided greater exposure than EEA with extended inferolateral (EIL) or anterolateral (AL) ET mobilization (p = 0.001 and p = 0.02, respectively). The ST-CTM/EEA also increased the VSF lateral to the parapharyngeal ICA in comparison with EEA/EIL ET mobilization (p < 0.001) but not with EEA/AL ET mobilization (p = 0.36). Finally, the VSFs at the HGC and JF were greater in EEA/AL ET mobilization than in ST-CTM/EEA without ET mobilization (p = 0.002 and p = 0.004, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS
Combining the EEA with the more laterally and superiorly originating ST-CTM approach allows greater exposure of the infrapetrous and ventral JF regions while obviating the need for mobilizing the ET. The surgical freedom afforded by the combined approaches is greater than that obtained by EEA alone.