bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elastic and electron capture processes in slow He+–He collision
Authors: Wang Yu , Wang Feng , Lin Xiaohe , Liu Ling , Wu Yong , Wang Jianguo 
Published: May 2023

Aims. The elastic and electron-capture processes of He+ ions with ground helium atoms are very important for studies in astrophysics. It is essential to have reliable state-selective charge transfer, elastic, and transport cross-sections, along with the corresponding reaction rate coefficient data, especially for low collision energies.
Methods. We investigated the elastic and non-radiative electron-capture processes in He+(1s)–He(1s2) collisions are investigated employing the full quantum-mechanical molecular orbital close-coupling method. The adopted ab initio adiabatic potentials and coupling matrix elements were obtained by a multi-reference single- and double-excitation configuration interaction approach.
Results. We computed the elastic, charge-transfer, and transport cross-sections in the energy range of 0.01–2500eVamu−1 and the reaction rate coefficient in the temperature range of 10–109 K. Good agreement was achieved when compared to the available experimental and theoretical results. Shape resonance, Regge, and Glory oscillations were also found in the elastic and charge transfer cross-sections in the energy region considered here.
A non-parametric approach to the relation between the halo mass function and internal dark matter structure of haloes
Authors: Richardson Tamara R. G. , Corasaniti Pier-Stefano 
Published: May 2023

Context. Galaxy cluster masses are usually defined as the mass within a spherical region enclosing a given matter overdensity (in units of the critical density). Converting masses from one overdensity definition to another can have several useful applications.
Aims. In this article we present a generic non-parametric formalism that allows one to accurately map the halo mass function between two different mass overdensity definitions using the distribution of halo sparsities defined as the ratio of the two masses. We show that changing mass definitions reduces to modelling the distribution of halo sparsities.
Methods. Using standard transformation rules of random variates, we derive relations between the halo mass function at different overdensities and the distribution of halo sparsities.
Results. We show that these relations reproduce the N-body halo mass functions from the Uchuu simulation within the statistical errors at a few percent level. Furthermore, these relations allow the halo mass functions at different overdensities to be related to parametric descriptions of the halo density profile. In particular, we discuss the case of the concentration-mass relation of the Navarro-Frenk-White profile. Finally, we show that the use of such relations allows us to predict the distribution of sparsities of a sample of haloes of a given mass, thus opening the way to inferring cosmological constraints from individual galaxy cluster sparsity measurements.
(433) Eros and (25143) Itokawa surface properties from reflectance spectra
Authors: Korda David , Kohout Tomáš , Flanderová Kateřina , Vincent Jean-Baptiste , Penttilä Antti 
Published: May 2023

Context. Our knowledge of near-Earth asteroid (NEA) composition is important for planetary research, planetary defence, and future in-space resource utilisation. Upcoming space missions, for example, Hera, M-ARGO, or missions to the asteroid (99942) Apophis, will provide us with surface-resolved NEA reflectance spectra. Neural networks are useful tools for analysing reflectance spectra and determining material composition with high precision and low processing time.
Aims. We applied neural-network models on disk-resolved spectra of the Eros and Itokawa asteroids observed by the NEAR Shoemaker and Hayabusa spacecraft. With this approach, the mineral variations or intensity of space weathering can be mapped.
Methods. We built and tested two types of convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The first one was trained using asteroid reflectance spectra with known taxonomy classes. The other one used silicate reflectance spectra with assigned mineral abundances and compositions.
Results. The reliability of the classification model depends on the resolution of reflectance spectra. Typical F1 score and Cohen's κC values decrease from about 0.90 for high-resolution spectra to about 0.70 for low-resolution spectra. The predicted silicate composition does not strongly depend on spectrum resolution and coverage of the 2-µm band of pyroxene. The typical root mean square error is between 6 and 10 percentage points. For the Eros and Itokawa asteroids, the predicted taxonomy classes favour the S-type and the predicted surface compositions are homogeneous and correspond to the composition of L/LL and LL ordinary chondrites, respectively. On the Itokawa surface, the model identified fresh spots that were connected with craters or coarse-grain areas.
Conclusions. The neural network models trained with measured spectra of asteroids and silicate samples are suitable for deriving surface silicate mineralogy with a reasonable level of accuracy. The predicted surface mineralogy is comparable to the mineralogy of returned samples measured in the laboratory. Moreover, the taxonomical predictions can point out locations of fresher areas.
Automated Classification of Free-Text Radiology Reports: Using Different Feature Extraction Methods to Identify Fractures of the Distal Fibula
Authors: Dewald Cornelia L.A. , Balandis Alina , Becker Lena S. , Hinrichs Jan B. , von Falck Christian , Wacker Frank K. , Laser Hans , Gerbel Svetlana , Winther Hinrich B. , Apfel-Starke Johanna 
Published: May 2023

Purpose Radiology reports mostly contain free-text, which makes it challenging to obtain structured data. Natural language processing (NLP) techniques transform free-text reports into machine-readable document vectors that are important for creating reliable, scalable methods for data analysis. The aim of this study is to classify unstructured radiograph reports according to fractures of the distal fibula and to find the best text mining method.
Materials & Methods We established a novel German language report dataset: a designated search engine was used to identify radiographs of the ankle and the reports were manually labeled according to fractures of the distal fibula. This data was used to establish a machine learning pipeline, which implemented the text representation methods bag-of-words (BOW), term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF), principal component analysis (PCA), non-negative matrix factorization (NMF), latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA), and document embedding (doc2vec). The extracted document vectors were used to train neural networks (NN), support vector machines (SVM), and logistic regression (LR) to recognize distal fibula fractures. The results were compared via cross-tabulations of the accuracy (acc) and area under the curve (AUC).
Results In total, 3268 radiograph reports were included, of which 1076 described a fracture of the distal fibula. Comparison of the text representation methods showed that BOW achieved the best results (AUC = 0.98; acc = 0.97), followed by TF-IDF (AUC = 0.97; acc = 0.96), NMF (AUC = 0.93; acc = 0.92), PCA (AUC = 0.92; acc = 0.9), LDA (AUC = 0.91; acc = 0.89) and doc2vec (AUC = 0.9; acc = 0.88). When comparing the different classifiers, NN (AUC = 0,91) proved to be superior to SVM (AUC = 0,87) and LR (AUC = 0,85).
Conclusion An automated classification of unstructured reports of radiographs of the ankle can reliably detect findings of fractures of the distal fibula. A particularly suitable feature extraction method is the BOW model.
Key Points:
Citation Format
Maternal Morbidity Risk Factors in Nulliparas
Authors: Merriam Audrey A. , Metz Torri D. , Allshouse Amanda A. , Silver Robert M. , Haas David M. , Grobman William A. , Simhan Hyagriv N. , Wapner Ronald J. , Wing Deborah , Mercer Brian M. , Parry Samuel , Reddy Uma M. ,   +nuMoM2b Investigators
Published: May 2023

Objective For every incidence of maternal mortality, maternal morbidity is thought to occur in another 50 to 100 individuals in the United States. Multiple risk factors for severe maternal morbidity have been identified, but counseling about specific risk in pregnancy remains difficult, particularly nulliparous individuals as prior obstetric history is one of the factors influencing risk for severe maternal morbidity. The objective of this study is to examine the association between sociodemographic and laboratory assessments in the first trimester and maternal morbidity in nulliparas.
Study Design This was a secondary analysis of a large, multicenter prospective observational cohort of nulliparas. The primary maternal outcome was a composite of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), hemorrhage (transfusion, hemorrhage, hysterectomy, other surgery, readmission for bleeding), infection (endometritis, wound infection or dehiscence, pneumonia, sepsis, infection during labor and delivery, readmission for infection through day 14), venous thromboembolic events (VTE) (deep venous thrombosis, or pulmonary embolus), or maternal death within 14 days of delivery. Sociodemographic and clinical factors were compared between people with and without maternal morbidity. Relative risk and 95% confidence interval for maternal morbidity was calculated using log-binomial regression, adjusted for baseline characteristics that had a significant independent relationship with maternal morbidity with a p-value <0.05.
Results Of 9,445 pregnant people in the analysis, 18.2% (n = 1,716) experienced the composite maternal morbidity; the most common component was HDP (13.1%, n = 1,244) followed by infection (4.43%, n = 420), hemorrhage (2.27%, n = 215), VTE (0.12%, n = 11), and death (0.01%, n = 1). In a multivariable model, self-identified Black race, first trimester obesity, pregestational diabetes, chronic hypertension, and chronic kidney disease were significantly associated with the primary maternal outcome.
Conclusion More than one in six nulliparas experienced the composite maternal morbidities. Maternal morbidity was associated with self-identified Black race, obesity, and multiple preexisting medical comorbidities.
Key Points
Data Science Implementation Trends in Nursing Practice: A Review of the 2021 Literature
Authors: Wieben Ann M. , Walden Rachel Lane , Alreshidi Bader G. , Brown Sophia F. , Cato Kenrick , Coviak Cynthia Peltier , Cruz Christopher , D'Agostino Fabio , Douthit Brian J. , Forbes Thompson H. , Gao Grace , Johnson Steve G. , Lee Mikyoung Angela , Mullen-Fortino Margaret , Park Jung In , Park Suhyun , Pruinelli Lisiane , Reger Anita , Role Jethrone , Sileo Marisa , Schultz Mary Anne , Vyas Pankaj , Jeffery Alvin D. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives The goal of this work was to provide a review of the implementation of data science-driven applications focused on structural or outcome-related nurse-sensitive indicators in the literature in 2021. By conducting this review, we aim to inform readers of trends in the nursing indicators being addressed, the patient populations and settings of focus, and lessons and challenges identified during the implementation of these tools.
Methods We conducted a rigorous descriptive review of the literature to identify relevant research published in 2021. We extracted data on model development, implementation-related strategies and measures, lessons learned, and challenges and stakeholder involvement. We also assessed whether reports of data science application implementations currently follow the guidelines of the Developmental and Exploratory Clinical Investigations of DEcision support systems driven by AI (DECIDE-AI) framework.
Results Of 4,943 articles found in PubMed (NLM) and CINAHL (EBSCOhost), 11 were included in the final review and data extraction. Systems leveraging data science were developed for adult patient populations and were primarily deployed in hospital settings. The clinical domains targeted included mortality/deterioration, utilization/resource allocation, and hospital-acquired infections/COVID-19. The composition of development teams and types of stakeholders involved varied. Research teams more frequently reported on implementation methods than implementation results. Most studies provided lessons learned that could help inform future implementations of data science systems in health care.
Conclusion In 2021, very few studies report on the implementation of data science-driven applications focused on structural- or outcome-related nurse-sensitive indicators. This gap in the sharing of implementation strategies needs to be addressed in order for these systems to be successfully adopted in health care settings.
Endoscopic Endonasal Approach to the Ventral Petroclival Fissure: Anatomical Findings and Surgical Techniques
Authors: Xu Yuanzhi , Mohyeldin Ahmed , Lee Christine K. , Nunez Maximiliano Alberto , Mao Ying , Cohen-Gadol Aaron A. , Fernandez-Miranda Juan C. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective The endoscopic endonasal approach has emerged as an excellent option for the treatment of lesions involving the petroclival fissure (PCF). Here, we investigate the surgical anatomy of the ventral PCF and its application in endoscopic endonasal surgery.
Methods Sixteen head specimens were used to investigate the anatomical features of PCF and relevant technical nuances in translacerum, extreme medial, and contralateral transmaxillary (CTM) approaches. Two representative endoscopic endonasal surgeries involving the PCF were selected to illustrate the clinical application.
Results From the endoscopic endonasal view, the ventral PCF is presented as a lazy L sign, which is divided into two distinct segments: (1) upper (or petrosphenoidal) segment, which extends vertically from the foramen lacerum inferiorly to the junction of the petrosal process of sphenoid bone and petrous apex superiorly, and (2) lower (or petroclival) segment, which extends inferolaterally from the foramen lacerum to the ventral jugular foramen. Approaching both segments of the ventral PCF first requires full exposure of the foramen lacerum, followed either by exposure of the anterior wall of cavernous sinus and paraclival internal carotid artery for upper segment access, or transection of pterygosphenoidal fissure and Eustachian tube mobilization for lower segment access. Combined with a CTM approach, the lateral extension of the surgical access can be improved for both upper and lower segment PCF approaches.
Conclusion This study provides a detailed investigation of the microsurgical anatomy of the ventral part of PCF, relevant surgical approaches, and technical nuances that may facilitate its safe exposure intraoperatively.
Functional α-Cyanostilbenes: Sensing to Imaging
Authors: Kanvah Sriram , Dahiwadkar Rahul , Kaloo Masood A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn recent years, there has been considerable interest in cyanostilbenes due to their unique photophysical properties. The compounds emit light when aggregating, commonly called aggregation-induced emission (AIE). This remarkable feature makes cyanostilbenes ideal for various sensing applications, especially in aqueous environments. The detection of various analytes, such as metal ions and nitroaromatic compounds, has been accomplished using these compounds through various sensing mechanisms from chelation-enhanced fluorescence to fluorescence quenching. Furthermore, cyanostilbenes have shown great promise in biological imaging applications and have been employed for intracellular imaging, tracking, and targeting of sub-cellular organelles. The development and utilization of cyanostilbenes can significantly impact advanced sensing and imaging technologies in both analytical and biological fields. This potential stems from the unique properties of cyanostilbenes, such as their AIE characteristics, which sets them apart from other compounds and makes them highly useful for various applications. Further exploration and development of cyanostilbenes could lead to the creation of novel sensing and imaging technologies with wide-ranging applications in both academic and industrial settings.
Molecular mimicry between Zika virus and central nervous system inflammatory demyelinating disorders: the role of NS5 Zika virus epitope and PLP autoantigens
Authors: França Laise Carolina , Fontes-Dantas Fabrícia Lima , Garcia Diogo Gomes , de Araújo Amanda Dutra , da Costa Gonçalves João Paulo , Rêgo Cláudia Cecília da Silva , da Silva Elielson Veloso , do Nascimento Osvaldo José Moreira , Lopes Fernanda Cristina Rueda , Herlinger Alice Laschuk , de Aguiar Renato Santana , da Costa Ferreira Junior Orlando , Figueira Fernando Faria Andrade , de Souza Jorge Paes Barreto Marcondes , De Mesquita Joelma Freire , Alves-Leon Soniza Vieira 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Evidence indicates a strong link between Zika virus (ZikV) and neurological complications. Acute myelitis, optic neuritis, polyneuropathy, and encephalomyelitis that mimic inflammatory idiopathic demyelination disorders (IIDD) after ZikV infection have been reported in Brazil.
Objective The present study aims to investigate the possible occurrence of molecular mimicry between ZikV antigens and Multiple Sclerosis (MS) autoantigens, the most frequent IIDD of the central nervous system (CNS).
Methods A retrospective cohort study with 305 patients admitted due to suspected arbovirus infection in Rio de Janeiro was performed, all subjects were submitted to neurological examination, and a biological sample was collected for serologic and molecular diagnostic. Bioinformatics tools were used to analyze the peptides shared between ZikV antigens and MS autoantigens.
Results Of 305 patients, twenty-six were positive for ZikV and 4 presented IDD patterns found in MS cases. Sequence homology comparisons by bioinformatics approach between NS5 ZikV and PLP MS protein revealed a homology of 5/6 consecutive amino acids (CSSVPV/CSAVPV) with 83% identity, deducing a molecular mimicry. Analysis of the 3D structures revealed a similar conformation with alpha helix presentation.
Conclusions Molecular mimicry between NS5 Zika virus antigen and PLP MS autoantigens emerge as a possible mechanism for IDD spectrum in genetically susceptible individuals.
Inside names
Authors: Delfitto Denis , Fiorin Gaetano 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this contribution, we offer a contextualist analysis of names whereby a name N is used as a felicitous
referential term in all and only those contexts of utterance in which N is intended to refer to a unique referent by all cognitive
agents that are relevant in the context. This analysis has important across-the-board virtues. It reduces the distance between
common nouns and names, under the insight that names are a highly specific case of a more general phenomenon consisting in the
pragmatic modulation of the meaning of common nouns. It successfully ties to an important body of syntactic evidence, and
contributes to elucidate, in an original and productive manner, many of the unsolved issues concerning the syntactic structure of
(complex) names. Finally, it makes a number of philosophical puzzles virtually dissolve without giving up rigid reference for
names, but crucially suggesting that the causal theory of reference becomes far-fetched once the linguistic structure of names and
their actual use in language and cognition have been carefully evaluated.
The cycle in language change
Authors: Tagliani Marta , Rabanus Stefan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLanguage change can be conceptualized as a cyclical process of continuous renewal of the involved elements which somehow change their nature, with respect to phonological or lexico-grammatical features. A crucial aspect of such diachronic evolution is that cyclical change takes place systematically and follows regular and unidirectional patterns of development. Once the change is complete, the same developmental path will be undertaken by new linguistic items in the same cyclical fashion. In this paper, we illustrate the concept of cyclical change by discussing two examples of linguistic cycles. A first instance of cyclical development is displayed at the phonological level by the diachronic changes in the obstruent consonant system taking place from Indo-European to German through the First and the Second Sound Shift: the cycle is completed in the Cimbrian dialects. A second instance is provided by the diachronic process known as Jespersen’s cycle ([1917] 1966): sentential negation, initially expressed through a single negative marker, is later reinforced by an additional one; eventually, this second element becomes the only negative marker available in the sentence while the original marker is deleted. The discussion of the negative cycle takes also into consideration the results of an empirical research conducted on two varieties of an Italo-Romance dialect spoken in northern Italy.
Language contact in the Balkan Sprachbund
Authors: Seguin Luisa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the meaning-form interface in the BalkanSprachbund(BS), by researching five different languages: Italian, Russian,Bulgarian, Romanian, and Greek. I consider two models that account for recurring properties of the relevant languages in theSprachbund: convergence and diglossia. If convergence is the cause behind shared features typical of the BS, that predicts that Bulgarian and Romanian would be more transparent than Russian and Italian. Under the diglossic analysis, Koine Greek is assumed to be the source of shared features, which predicts that the BS languages, Romanian, Bulgarian and Greek, would be similar. To compare the two models, I investigate twenty-four opacity features, divided into five categories: Redundancy (one-to-many), Fusion (many-to-one), Discontinuity (one meaning split in two or more forms), Form-based Form (forms with no semantic counterpart: zero-to-one), and a group of typical BS features. The results are consistent with the diglossia model: Romanian,Bulgarianand Greek manifest similar features, which points in the direction of diglossia as the underlying cause of language similarity.
Contact-induced change and mobility
Authors: Cabanzo Esteban Acuña , Adamou Evangelia , Sutre Adèle 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper takes as its starting point a contact-induced grammatical innovation at the level of attributive predications that has been reported for various Romani speakers, in Mexico, Colombia, Argentina and the United States. Adopting a cross-disciplinary approach, we present evidence both from a historical study that documents individual and family itineraries in the Americas during the first half of the twentieth century and from a multi-sited ethnographic study on biographical narratives. These studies reveal the existence of close links among individuals from geographically distant localities. We suggest that, in the absence of normative linguistic institutions, complex multilingual practices seem to have modified grammar at the level of the bilingual speaker and ultimately of the network as a whole. More generally, by considering a less-studied population engaged in transnational mobile practices, we seek to illustrate how mobility allows for linguistic change to spread rapidly and widely.