bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Great Tit (Parus major) Nestlings Have Longer Telomeres in Old‐Growth Forests Than in Young Forests
Authors: Krams Ronalds , Cīrule Dina , Munkevics Maris , Popovs Sergejs , Jõers Priit , Contreras Garduño Jorge , Krams Indrikis A. , Krama Tatjana 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTModification and deterioration of old‐growth forests by industrial forestry have seriously threatened species diversity worldwide. The loss of natural habitats increases the concentration of circulating glucocorticoids and incurs chronic stress in animals, influencing the immune system, growth, survival, and lifespan of animals inhabiting such areas. In this study, we tested whether great tit (Parus major) nestlings grown in old‐growth unmanaged coniferous forests have longer telomeres than great tit nestlings developing in young managed coniferous forests. This study showed that the patches of young managed coniferous forests had lower larval biomass than old‐growth forests. Since insect larvae are the preferred food for great tit nestlings, the shortage of food may divert energy resources away from growth, which can show up as physiological stress, often raising the heterophil/lymphocyte (H/L) ratio. The H/L ratio revealed a significant difference in stress levels, being the highest in great tit nestlings developing in young‐managed pine forests. We also found that the development of great tit nestlings in young managed forests had significantly shorter telomeres than in old‐growth forests. Although nestling survival did not differ between the habitats, nestlings growing up in old‐growth forests had greater telomere lengths, which can positively affect their lifespan. Our results suggest that the forest habitats affected by industrial forestry may represent ecological traps, as the development of young birds in deteriorated environments can affect the age structure of populations.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Boosting and Bagging Ensemble Techniques in Forecasting Lithium‐Ion Battery Useful Life
Authors: Sonthalia Ankit , Josephin JS Femilda , Aloui Fethi , Varuvel Edwin Geo 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIt is essential to forecast the exact rate at which the cell's capacity would decline for practical uses, to comprehend the intricate and non‐linear behavior of the cell. Furthermore, the majority of studies provided subpar prediction criteria, making early cell lifetime prediction difficult. Applying reliable and accurate aging models to the dynamic on‐road conditions presents additional challenges. In this work, the battery lifetime during its earliest phases of use was accurately predicted using machine learning models. After analyzing the patterns of the parameters, 12 hand‐crafted features were selected and the raw data of the first 100 cycles of 126 cells was used for creating the dataset for the features. The dataset was then used to train five machine learning models namely random forest, gradient boosting machine (GBM), light gradient boosting machine (LGBM), extreme gradient boosting machine (XGBoost), and gradient boost with categorical features (CATBoost). The statistical analysis reveals that XGBoost algorithm present the best result with a R2 value of 0.95 and root‐mean‐square‐error (RMSE) of 97 cycles. Lastly, in comparison to existing studies, the RMSE significantly reduced from a maximum of 138 to 97 cycles.
Breaking Through Only to Break up: A Cross‐Country Analysis of the Speed of Advancement and Exit of Female Executives
Authors: Mendiratta Esha , Mukherjee Shibashish , Oehmichen Jana D. R. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWe examine the speed of advancements and exits of female executive directors vis‐à‐vis comparable men. In line with recent research, we suggest that women are likely to experience an apparent gender‐based advantage in the form of lower age at the time of their first‐ever executive director appointment. However, we argue that this advantage may be transitory. Appointed women also experience faster exits from these positions, with age partially mediating the differential speed of exits between male and female executive directors. We also contend that these effects are contingent on countries' local gender norms (especially women's economic participation) such that lower gender parity leads to even lower ages at appointments and faster exits for female executive directors. Results based on 15,202 unique rookie executive directors from 33 countries between 2002 and 2015 largely support these predictions.
Navigating the Talent Retention Puzzle: The Role of Workgroup Identification and On‐the‐Job Embeddedness
Authors: Sender Anna , Eberly Marion 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTOrganizations implement talent management (TM) programs to improve retention. However, results are mixed on whether these programs reduce talent turnover. Applying the social identity theory, we predicted that talent nomination in a TM program reduces workgroup identification and increases turnover intention. We also hypothesized that on‐the‐job embeddedness mitigates this unintended effect. Our three‐wave survey study, conducted over 2 years with 352 employees at a multinational machinery manufacturing company in China, included 45 employees recently identified as talents. Results showed that talents had lower workgroup identification than their non‐talent peers, but this did not lead to higher turnover intention. We found that on‐the‐job embeddedness had a moderating role: talents with low embeddedness reported lower workgroup identification and higher turnover intention than non‐talents, whereas those with high embeddedness showed no such difference. This study highlights that TM programs can prompt thoughts of leaving among talents; however, job embeddedness can buffer these negative effects.
The Clinical Value of Novel Inflammatory Biomarkers for Predicting Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection in Children
Authors: Shao Liqun , Yu Bohai , Lyu Ying , Fan Shizhen , Gu Caizhen , Wang Hetong 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundMycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is a major cause of community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP), posing diagnostic challenges. This study evaluates novel inflammatory biomarkers, including neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune‐inflammation index (SII) and system inflammation response index (SIRI) for MP diagnosis in children.MethodsComplete blood count (CBC) results of 424 children with MP infection and 150 health children were collected. NLR, MLR, PLR, SII and SIRI, were respectively calculated. Shapiro–Wilk test, Student's t‐test, Mann–Whitney U‐test and Pearson chi‐squared test were used to analyze the clinical data of the patients and participants. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted based on the results of single factor analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the potential of the above biomarkers for MP infection.ResultsCompared with the control group, white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil (NEU) count, monocyte (MON) count, NLR, MLR, PLR, SII and SIRI were significantly higher and lymphocyte count (LYM) and platelet (PLT) were significantly lower than those in MP group. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis indicate that MLR and SIRI can serve as major risk factors for MP infection in children. The predictive accuracy of logistic regression model based on MLR and SIRI is 83.28%. The area under the curve (AUC) results showed that SIRI has better predicting value of MP infection (AUC = 0.892, Sensitivity = 75.7%, Specificity = 92.0%).ConclusionThis study described the significance of novel inflammatory biomarkers in children with MP infection and may provide new auxiliary diagnostic indicators for MP infection.
“It's OK for Me to Cry”: Client and Therapist Perspectives on Change Processes in SPEAKS Therapy for Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: Brooks Cat Papastavrou , Rennick Abigail , Basra Randeep Singh , Lavender Tony , Startup Helen , Oldershaw Anna 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroduction and AimsExisting therapies for Anorexia Nervosa (AN) have limited effectiveness, necessitating the development of novel therapies and interventions. Hypothesizing and targeting clear mechanisms of change within treatment offer potential opportunities to improve them. The SPEAKS program aimed to develop, trial, and evaluate a therapy which targets key emotional and social factors known to be relevant in the development and maintenance of AN. The aim of the present study is to explore therapist and client experiences of change processes during the SPEAKS intervention, and what supported or inhibited these.MethodSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with sixteen female clients (in age range of 18–49) and six therapists; topic guides explored perceptions of client change processes. Thematic analysis was conducted on the data by two researchers.ResultsTwo themes and six sub‐themes were developed from the data. These were: “the impact on the eating disorder,” “change processes” (“emotional change” and “changing the self”), and “facilitators of and barriers to change processes” (“therapeutic relationship,” “clients’ emotional engagement,” “online delivery,” and “therapist lacking flexibility”). “Emotional change” involved an enhanced capacity for clients to tune‐in more, acknowledge, listen to, and express how they felt, and “Changing the self” represented a shift in how clients related to themselves, particularly the more vulnerable parts of themselves.DiscussionThe findings of the present study provide support for the hypothesized mechanisms of change inherent within the SPEAKS therapy approach. This supports the robustness and validity of the intervention and lends support for further investigation of its effectiveness.Clinical Trial RegistrationThe study was registered according to the guidelines of the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number Register (ISRCTN No. 11778891).
Public perception and autonomous vehicle liability
Authors: De Freitas Julian , Zhou Xilin , Atzei Margherita , Boardman Shoshana , Lillo Luigi Di 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe deployment of autonomous vehicles (AVs) and the accompanying societal and economic benefits will greatly depend on how much liability AV firms will have to carry for accidents involving these vehicles, which in turn impacts their insurability and associated insurance premiums. Across three experiments (N = 2677), we investigate whether accidents where the AV was not at fault could become an unexpected liability risk for AV firms, by exploring consumer perceptions of AV liability. We find that when such accidents occur, the not‐at‐fault vehicle becomes more salient to consumers when it is an AV. As a result, consumers are more likely to view as relevant counterfactuals in which the not‐at‐fault vehicle might have behaved differently to avoid or minimize damage from, the accident. This leads them to judge AV firms as more liable than both firms that make human‐driven vehicles and human drivers for damages when not at fault.
Antioxidant and Anti‐Inflammatory Impacts of Soft Tissue Crude Extract and Mucous of Snail Helix aspersa on an Excision Wound Model in Mice
Authors: Abdel‐Azeem Hoda H. , Osman Gamalat Y. , Morsi Dalia S. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWound healing is a complex natural process in which tissue requires recovering injured tissue cells. Helix aspersa has a high nutritional value and is considered a rich natural source of antioxidants and anti‐inflammatory agents. So, this study aimed to assess the effect of soft tissue crude extract and mucous of H. aspersa topically applied as a gel for 12 days. The wounds were observed and photographed twice a week. The inflammatory, oxidative stress markers and matrix metalloproteinases were evaluated in skin tissue homogenate and CD3+ and CD69+ T lymphocytes were detected in wound tissue. Data showed that a comparison of applying soft tissue crude extract and mucous of H. aspersa to skin wounds enhanced the healing process, resulting in a significant decrease in dermal inflammation compared to untreated mice. Also, they significantly increased the antioxidant enzyme activities with reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in wound tissues. The levels of matrix metalloproteases‐2 and ‐9 were significantly decreased and the immune status was enhanced in the wound environment by increasing proportions of CD3+ and CD69+ T lymphocytes. H. aspersa mucous and soft tissue crude extract are viable substitutes for synthetic topical wound therapies with anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory potencies, with a preference for the crude soft tissue extract based on the outcomes.
The experience of “at‐risk” status for familial frontotemporal dementia (fFTD) and its impact on reproductive decision‐making: A qualitative study
Authors: Fahy Neil , Hayes Oliver S. , Greaves Caroline V. , Goldsmith Sophie E. , Brotherhood Emilie V. , Rohrer Jonathan D. , Harding Emma , Stott Joshua 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFamilial frontotemporal dementia (fFTD) is an autosomal dominant heritable form of FTD, onsetting in mid‐life, characterized by behavioral and personality changes. Children of an affected parent are at 50% risk of inheriting the relevant fFTD gene variant and developing FTD. Genetic testing means a growing group of people are aware of or considering learning their risk status. This knowledge, combined with witnessing parents' symptoms, has implications for reproduction. This study explores attitudes and approaches to reproductive decision‐making among those at risk for fFTD. Thirteen qualitative interviews were conducted with at‐risk individuals, including parents and non‐parents, and analyzed using Thematic Analysis to explore experiences of at‐risk relatives of people with symptomatic FTD, attitudes toward reproductive decision‐making, and, among parents, influences of genetic risk status on parenting. The themes identified were: (1) Fear of repetition of own experience with symptomatic relatives; (2) Approaches to mitigating repetition; (3) Responses to genetic risk in reproductive decision‐making; (4) Accounting for timing in reproductive decision‐making; (5) Challenges of disclosing genetic risk to children; (6) Other mitigating factors in reproductive decision‐making. Findings highlight the key role of previous experiences with symptomatic relatives in shaping attitudes toward genetic risk status and approaches to managing it in reproductive decision‐making. Findings highlight a need for responsive genetic counseling focused on exploring options alongside providing information and signposting to practical legal and financial support. Future research should specifically compare experiences in fFTD with experiences in other heritable neurodegenerative disorders and explore reproductive decision‐making for couples where one partner is at risk of fFTD.
Variability in the Effects of Mood and Cognitive Stimulation on Creative Generation: A Task‐Dependent Perspective
Authors: Gültepe Bedirhan , Akben Cantürk , Şenyurt Ahmet Yasin , Coskun Hamit 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis research comprises two studies investigating the impact of mood and cognitive stimulation on creativity, with a focus on the role of task type. The first study focused on idea generation, whereas the second explored slogan generation, revealing differing outcomes for distinct tasks. Positive and negative moods were induced through memory recall, and cognitive stimulation was manipulated using cue words in varying quantities. In Study 1, participants were tasked with brainstorming about the advantages and disadvantages of having an extra thumb. The initial hypothesis, proposing that a positive mood and cognitive stimulation enhance ideational fluency, was supported through the flexibility pathway. Study 2 shifted the focus to slogan generation, emphasizing originality, which aligns with the nature of slogan generation. The hypothesis was that mood and cognitive stimulation would not impact fluency but might influence originality. Surprisingly, participants in the negative mood condition generated more slogans, challenging the common belief that positive moods consistently boost creativity. Those without cognitive stimulation also performed better in terms of originality, which is in line with past studies indicating that examples can inhibit originality. In conclusion, this study underscores the intricate and context‐dependent nature of creativity, advocating for a nuanced approach to creativity studies.
Genomic Profiling of Biliary Tract Cancers: Comprehensive Assessment of Anatomic and Geographic Heterogeneity, Co‐Alterations and Outcomes
Authors: Tsilimigras Diamantis I. , Stecko Hunter , Moris Dimitrios , Pawlik Timothy M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundBiliary tract cancers (BTCs) represent distinct biological and genomic entities. Anatomic and geographic heterogeneity in genomic profiling of BTC subtypes, genomic co‐alterations, and their impact on long‐term outcomes are not well defined.MethodsGenomic data to characterize alterations among patients with BTCs were derived from the AACR GENIE registry (v15.1) and other genomic data sets. Patterns of mutational co‐occurrence, frequency of co‐alterations, and their impact on long‐term outcomes among BTC patients were examined.ResultsAlterations in IDH1 and FGFR2 genes were mostly noted among intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) samples, TP53, ERBB2/HER2, and SMAD4 mutations were more frequent among gallbladder cancer (GBC) samples while extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (eCCA) more commonly harbored KRAS mutations (all Q < 0.001). Alterations in IDH1 and FGFR2 genes were more frequent among iCCA samples from Western vs. Eastern populations, while KRAS, SMAD4, and ERBB2 mutations were more commonly observed among Eastern populations(all Q < 0.05). FGFR2 gene was frequently co‐mutated with BAP1 (log2OR: 1.55, Q < 0.001), while IDH1 gene was commonly co‐mutated with PBRM1 (log2OR: 1.09, Q < 0.001). Co‐alteration rate among patients with IDH1‐mutant iCCAs, FGFR2‐rearranged iCCAs, KRAS‐mutant eCCA, and HER2‐mutant GBCs were 80.8%, 85.2%, 76.7%, and 100%, respectively. Among patients with iCCA and FGFR2 fusions/rearrangements, harboring co‐alterations in the TP53 pathway or PI3K pathway correlated with worse overall survival (OS), while patients with IDH1‐mutant iCCA had worse OS when harboring co‐alterations in the cell cycle pathway.ConclusionsMarked genomic heterogeneity exists among patients with BTCs based on anatomic and geographic location. The overwhelming majority of BTC patients with clinically significant mutations had concurrent genomic co‐alterations. The current study highlights the molecular complexity of BTCs with multiple alterations that commonly co‐exist and could potentially be targeted to treat BTCs.
Disparities in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Among Hispanic Population Living in Latin America Versus the United States
Authors: De la Cruz Ku Gabriel , Desai Anshumi , Hickey Alanna , Valcarcel Bryan , Wareham Carly , Hernandez Alexandra , Arias‐Rivera Eva Esperanza , Chambergo‐Michilot Diego , Linshaw David , Ziegler‐Rodriguez Gonzalo , Persing Sarah M. , Homsy Christopher , Chatterjee Abhishek , Nardello Salvatore M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionTriple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a prevalence of 12%–24% in the Hispanic population. Previous research has demonstrated that disparities in healthcare access significantly influence patient outcomes. We aimed to compare the clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes of Hispanic females with TNBC living in Latin America (HPLA) to the Hispanic population in the United States (HPUS).MethodsWe evaluated two retrospective cohorts: patients diagnosed with TNBC at the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas, Lima, Peru, during 2000–2015, and HPUS patients with TNBC from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER).ResultsA total of 2007 HPLA and 8457 HPUS patients were included. The HPLA patients were younger and more frequently lived in nonmetropolitan areas. HPLA had higher T and N (p < 0.001) stages. HPLA patients were more likely to present with Stage III disease (51.6% vs. 20.8%), while Stage IV presentations were similar 6.6% vs. 6.8%. HPLA patients with Stages I and II more frequently underwent mastectomy compared to HPUS (56.2 vs. 48.0%). HPLA patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (p < 0.001), adjuvant chemotherapy (p < 0.001), and radiotherapy (p < 0.001) more often. While early breast cancer stages had similar overall survival (OS) rates for both populations, HPLA patients had worse 5‐year OS rates compared to HPUS patients in Stages III (39.9% vs. 52.3%, p < 0.001) and IV (4.6% vs. 10.7%, p < 0.001).ConclusionsHispanic females living in Latin America were more frequently diagnosed with advanced stages of TNBC and more often underwent mastectomy, even in early‐stage disease. When analyzing advanced stages, HPLA had worse OS rates compared to HPUS.
Generation of cyclonic gyre in large saline lake through differential warming
Authors: Golenko Maria , Zhurbas Victor , Zavialov Peter 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCirculation model of Lake Issyk‐Kul is compiled based on Princeton Ocean Model with real bathymetry and atmospheric and river runoff forcings. According to the model, the cyclonic circulation develops in the lake from May to January, when a seasonal thermocline is present, while in February through April it vanishes or changes for a weak anticyclonic circulation. Wind‐driven coastal jets and internal Kelvin waves intensify vertical mixing at a lateral periphery of the lake over sloping bottom. Due to enhanced vertical mixing and reduced depth, the water column warms up and cools down faster at the lateral periphery of the lake than in the deep central part. This, in view of geostrophic balance, causes cyclonic circulation in the period from late spring to early winter and the anticyclonic circulation during the rest of the year. River runoff does not play a primary role and only moderately contributes to the cyclonic circulation through the geostrophic adjustment of buoyant coastal discharges to the lake whose salinity is about 6 ppt. At the end of winter and beginning of spring, when river runoff is minimal, it is nevertheless capable of maintaining weak hydrostatically stable stratification in the coastal zone and thereby significantly weakening the development of cascading and deep‐water ventilation. Model simulations showed that the cyclonic circulation prevailing in Lake Issyk‐Kul would develop even without positive wind stress curl attributed to local winds.