bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cariogenic diet consumption during lockdown
Authors: Mafla Ana C. , De La Cruz‐Rosero Geraldine , Vallejo‐Rosero Héctor W. , Argoty‐Rodríguez Jorge A. , Schwendicke Falk 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundDuring stressful situations such as pandemic‐associated lockdowns, individuals' diets may change towards (cariogenic) ‘comfort food’. This study assessed the dietary patterns during the lockdown in the Colombian population.MethodsA cross‐sectional online survey was designed. A convenience sample of 489 adults was drawn, with 50% of them being in COVID‐19 lockdown and the other being not or only partially in lockdown. The questionnaire collected data about the type and frequency of food consumed, with a special focus on cariogenic (i.e., rich in free sugars and starches) food. Descriptive analyses were performed, and a generalised linear model was estimated to predict the frequency of cariogenic diet consumption in this period of time.ResultsSweet whole wheat bread (38.2%, p = 0.005), flavoured milk (26.4%, p = 0.002), sugar‐sweetened bubble gums (39.8%, p = 0.001), toffees (35.4%, p = 0.004), soft candies (e.g., gums) (35.4%, p = 0.018), chocolates (55.3%, p = 0.017), filled doughnuts (28.5%, p = 0.013) or grapes (51.2%, p = 0.002) were significantly consumed more during the lockdown. Multivariable generalised linear modelling showed being single, having children and being in lockdown were significantly associated with higher frequency of cariogenic food consumption.ConclusionsLockdown was found to be associated with detrimentally altered food consumption patterns and, specifically, a more cariogenic diet. Healthcare professionals should consider this when reopening services, and political decision‐makers may want to reflect on the unwarranted side effect of lockdown.
Hybrid reflected‐ultrasound computed tomography versus B‐mode‐ultrasound for muscle scoring in spinal muscular atrophy
Authors: Danko Vera , Jüngert Jörg , Schuessler Stephanie , Buehler Adrian , Klett Daniel , Federle Anna , Roos Andreas , Lochmüller Hanns , Neurath Markus F. , Woelfle Joachim , Trollmann Regina , Waldner Maximilian J. , Knieling Ferdinand , Regensburger Adrian P. , Wagner Alexandra L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeNovel light‐ and sound‐based technologies like multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) with co‐registered reflected‐ultrasound computed tomography (RUCT) could add additional value to conventional ultrasound (US) for disease phenotyping in pediatric spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). The aim of this study was to investigate the quality of RUCT compared to US for qualitative and quantitative assessment of imaging neuromuscular disorders.MethodsSubanalyzing the MSOT SMA study, 288 RUCT and 276 US images from 10 SMA patients (mean age 9.0 ± 3.7) and 10 gender‐ and age‐matched healthy volunteers (HV; mean age 8.7 ± 4.3) were analyzed for quantitative (grayscale levels [GSLs]) and qualitative (echogenicity, distribution pattern, Heckmatt scale, and muscle texture) muscle changes. RUCT and US measures were further correlated with clinical standard motor outcomes.ResultsQuantitative agreement using GSLs revealed significantly higher GSLs in muscles of SMA patients compared to healthy muscles in both techniques (US mean GSL [SD] SMA vs. HV: 110.70 [27.8] vs. 68.85 [19.2], p < .0001; RUCT mean GSL [SD] SMA vs. HV: 91.81 [21.8] vs. 59.86 [8.2], p < .0001) with good correlation with motor outcome tests, respectively. Qualitative agreement between methods for muscle composition was excellent for differentiation of pathological versus healthy muscles, echogenicity, and distribution pattern, moderate for Heckmatt scale, and poor for muscle texture.ConclusionsThe data suggest that RUCT may allow the assessment of basic qualitative and quantitative measures for muscular diseases with comparable results to conventional US.
Serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in dogs with coccidioidomycosis and variables associated with extent of clinically evident disease
Authors: Jaffey Jared A. , Kreisler Rachael , Shubitz Lisa F. , Backus Robert C. , Hostnik Eric T. , Wycislo Kathryn L. , Monasky Ross , Schaffer Magen , Holland Cyndi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundClinicopathologic variables predictive of disseminated coccidioidomycosis are known in humans but have not been explored in dogs. Serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin (OH)D correlates with severity of disease of various etiologies in dogs but its role in coccidioidomycosis is unknown.ObjectiveDetermine whether serum 25(OH)D concentrations are different in dogs with coccidioidomycosis compared with healthy controls and if clinicopathologic variables are associated with extent of disease.AnimalsThirty‐five dogs with coccidioidomycosis (pulmonary, n = 13; disseminated, n = 15; uncharacterized, n = 7), and 25 healthy control dogs.MethodsProspective cohort study. Serum 25(OH)D and C‐reactive protein (CRP) concentrations were measured with modified‐HPLC and a commercial ELISA kit, respectively.ResultsThere was no difference in 25(OH)D concentrations between dogs with coccidioidomycosis (median, interquartile range [IQR]; 31.9 ng/mL, 23.3‐49.2) and controls (29.5 ng/mL, 25.6‐40.8, P = .73). Serum 25(OH)D concentration was lower in dogs with coccidioidomycosis and IgG titers ≥1:32 than dogs with titers below this cut‐off (P = .02). Dogs with IgG titers ≥1:32 were more likely to have disseminated disease (OR, 7.5; 95% CI: 1.1‐68; P = .03). Serum CRP concentrations were higher in dogs with IgG titers ≥1:16 (median, IQR; 4474.8 ng/mL, 2885.8‐8236.1) than in those below this cut‐off (151.2 ng/mL, 30.4‐2907.3; P = .02). There was a significant inverse association between serum 25(OH)D and CRP at 25(OH)D concentrations ≤33 ng/mL.Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceSerum 25(OH)D concentration was lower for dogs with IgG titers ≥1:32, indicating a potential association between semi‐quantitative titers and 25(OH)D concentrations in dogs with coccidioidomycosis. IgG titers ≥1:32 yielded higher odds of disseminated disease, but was inadequate as a standalone test to determine form of disease.
Ampicillin exacerbates acetaminophen‐induced acute liver injury by inducing intestinal microbiota imbalance and butyrate reduction
Authors: Li Zhan‐Ming , Kong Chao‐Yue , Mao Yu‐Qin , Huang Jia‐Ting , Chen Hui‐Ling , Han Bing , Wang Li‐Shun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsAntibiotics (ATBx) and acetaminophen (APAP) are widely used worldwide. APAP is the most common cause of acute liver injury (ALI) and might be used in combination with ATBx in clinics. However, the impact of ATBx on APAP‐induced ALI has rarely been studied.MethodsFirst, we compared the effects of seven ATBx on APAP‐induced ALI. Then, we analysed faecal, serum and liver samples to investigate the impact of the gut microbiota on this process. Finally, we assessed the role of short‐chain fatty acids in this process.ResultsIn this work, we found that the ALI was significantly aggravated in the mice treated with ampicillin (Amp) instead of other ATBx. Amp exposure reduced the diversity and altered the composition of gut microbiota. The altered gut microbiota aggravated APAP‐induced ALF, which was proven by faecal microbiota transplantation from ATBx‐treated mice. Metagenomic analysis showed a significantly decreased Lactobacillus abundance in Amp‐treated mice. Gavage with Lactobacillus, especially Lactobacillus rhamnosus, significantly reversed the severer ALF induced by APAP and Amp. Moreover, Lactobacillus supplementation increased butyrate‐producing clostridia and lowered butyrate levels in Amp‐treated mice. In accordance, butyrate supplementation could also alleviate Amp‐aggravated ALI. In addition, inhibition of nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 counteracted the protective effect of butyrate on aggravated ALI induced by Amp and APAP.ConclusionTogether, this study revealed a potential health impact of Amp that may exacerbate liver damage when co‐exposed to excess APAP.
Secretory carcinoma of the palate: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Ju Sang‐Hyun , Park Kwan‐Soo , Kim Gyu‐Rang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSecretory carcinoma of the salivary gland is a newly introduced malignant tumour with histological and molecular characteristics similar to those of secretory carcinoma of the breast. Secretory carcinoma of the salivary glands and breast have an ETV6‐NTRK3 fusion gene with translocation t(12;15)(p13;q25). Most of them occur in the parotid gland and rarely in the minor salivary glands. A patient visited our hospital with a mass on the hard palate that had been present for more than 10 years. Treatment included wide resection, and no additional neck dissection or radiotherapy was performed. The final diagnosis was secretory carcinoma. Two years after surgery, no evidence of recurrence was noted. According to the literature to date, the treatment of secretory carcinoma of the palate is not significantly different from that of other low‐grade minor salivary gland tumours. Molecular testing is the gold standard for the diagnosis of secretory carcinoma; however, morphological features and immunohistochemistry could be sufficient to make a final diagnosis. Long‐term follow‐up data on this tumour are insufficient, thus warranting continuous follow‐up studies.
Icariin Has a Synergistic Effect on the Osteoinductivity of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 at Ectopic Sites
Authors: Zhang Xin , Lin Xingnan , Wang Mingjie , Deng Liquan , Wei Lingfei , Liu Yuelian 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveEstablishing biocompatible, biodegradable, osteoconductive, and osteoinductive bone materials remains a challenging subject in the research of bone healing and bone regeneration. Previously, we demonstrated the osteogenic and osteoconductive effects of biomimetic calcium phosphate (BioCaP) incorporating with Icariin and/or bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP‐2) at orthotopic sites.MethodsBy implanting the BioCaP granules incorporated Icariin and/or BMP‐2 into the dorsal subcutaneous pockets of adult male Sprague‐Dawley (S‐D) rats (6‐7 weeks old), we investigated the osteoinductive efficacy of the samples. Micro‐computed tomography(micro‐CT) observations and histological slices were used to verify the osteoinduction of this system on the 2nd and 5th week. Statistical significances was evaluated using Turkey's post hoc test of one‐way analysis of variance.ResultsThe osteoinduction of the BioCaP incorporated with BMP‐2 or both agents was confirmed as expected. BioCaP with Icariin alone could not generate bone formation at an ectopic sites. Nevertheless, co‐administration of Icariin increased bone mineral density (BMD; p < 0.01) (628mg HA/cm3 vs 570mg HA/cm3) and completely changed the distribution of newly formed bone when compared with the granules with BMP‐2 alone, even though there was no significant difference in the volume of newly formed bone. In contrast, the BioCaP with both agents (37.86%) had significantly fewer remaining materials than the other groups by the end of the fifth week (53.22%, 53.62% and 48.22%) (p < 0.01).ConclusionThe co‐administration of Icariin and BMP‐2 increased BMD changed the distribution of newly formed bone, and reduced the amount of remaining materials. Therefore, Icariin can stimulate BMP‐2 when incorporated into BioCaP granules at ectopic sites, which makes it useful for bone tissue engineering.
Mode of delivery and offspring atopic dermatitis in a Swedish nationwide study
Authors: Mubanga Mwenya , Lundholm Cecilia , Rohlin Elin S. , Rejnö Gustaf , Brew Bronwyn K. , Almqvist Catarina 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundAtopic dermatitis is a common chronic childhood disease associated with significant morbidity and healthcare costs. There is a known association between caesarean section and asthma, but the relationship between caesarean section and offspring atopic dermatitis remains uncertain.MethodsWe conducted a register‐based nationwide cohort study including children born in Sweden between January 2006 and December 2018. Data on health and socioeconomic variables were extracted from the national registers for children aged ≤5 years. Time‐to‐event analyses were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusting for confounders and familial factors.Results1,399,406 children were included (6,029,542 person‐years at risk). Atopic dermatitis was observed in 17.2% of the 1,150,896 children born by vaginal delivery and 18.3% of the 248,510 born by caesarean section. The mean age of onset of atopic dermatitis was 2.72 years (SD 1.8). Birth by caesarean section was associated with a higher risk of atopic dermatitis (adj‐HR 1.12, 95% CI: 1.10–1.14). A higher risk of atopic dermatitis was found in children born by instrumental vaginal delivery (adj‐HR 1.10, 1.07–1.13); emergency caesarean section (adj‐HR 1.12, 1.10–1.15), and elective caesarean section (adj‐HR 1.13, 1.10–1.16) than uncomplicated vaginal delivery in children <1 year of age. Similar hazards were observed in those ≥1 year of age. In sibling control analysis, greater risks remained in children aged <1 year but not in age ≥1 year.ConclusionsIn our study population, it was observed that children born by caesarean section or instrumental vaginal delivery were at higher risk of early childhood atopic dermatitis. Although familial confounding attenuates the risk in children aged ≥1 year, this was not observed in the first year of life.
Photocontrolled Release of Carbendazim from Photocaged Molecule
Authors: Dai Xiaoyi , Li Zhong , Shao Xusheng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCarbendazim (MBC) is a high‐efficient and broad‐spectrum fungicide, but excessive residues caused by its improper use have caused health toxicity and environmental pollution. It is an irresistible trend to find green, safe, accurate and controllable release technology of MBC. To achieve the purpose of safe and efficient use of MBC, photolabile protecting group was used to realize the controllable release. This study aimed to covalently link MBC and 6‐nitropiperonyl alcohol (NP) to synthesize photocaged molecule NP‐MBC. The photodegradation test showed that NP‐MBC could effectively release MBC under ultraviolet light. The antifungal activity of NP‐MBC showed significant difference against Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Fusarium graminearum before and after irradiation, and the effects on mycelial morphology are different. The hyphae morphology of R. solani and F. graminearum changed significantly, and mycelia were severely damaged. The hyphae surface of former was swollen and broken, and the latter was collapsed and shriveled after NP‐MBC light treatment. NP‐MBC could realize the light‐controlled release of MBC, and the antifungal activity before and after irradiation was significantly different, which provides an effective way to release MBC.
Dry/wet cycling reduces spore germination and viability in six peatland bryophytes
Authors: Fan B.‐B. , Yusup S. , Sundberg S. , Chen Y.‐D. , Qiao H.‐X. , Liu S.‐S. , Bu Z.‐J. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Dry/wet cycling driven by water level fluctuation in wetlands may strongly influence the destiny of seeds. However, how dry/wet cycling affects spore survival and germinability in peatland bryophytes is poorly understood.

Six peatland bryophytes, three hummock‐ and three hollow‐dwelling Sphagnum species, were chosen as study species. We tested the effects of dry (60% air RH)/wet (waterlogging) cycle frequency (once per 12, 8 or 4 days for low, medium or high, respectively) and ratio (3:1, 1:1 or 1:3 dry:wet time per cycle) on spore germinability, viability, dormancy percentage and protonema development.

Dry/wet cycling significantly reduced spore germination percentage and viability and slowed protonema development in all Sphagnum species, being more pronounced with higher dry/wet cycling frequencies. The hummock species S. capillifolium and S. fuscum had higher spore germination percentage after the continuous dry treatment, while the hollow species S. angustifolium, S. squarrosum and S. subsecundum showed the opposite response, compared to the continuously wet treatment. Except for S. squarrosum, spore viability was higher after the dry than after the wet treatment. Spore viability and dormancy percentage were higher after a dry/wet ratio of 1:3 than after ratios of 3:1 and 1:1.

Our study shows that both germinability and viability of bryophyte spores are reduced by dry/wet cycling (especially when frequent) in peatlands. This emphasizes the need to ensure constant water levels and low frequencies of water level fluctuation, which are relevant in connection with wetland restoration, to promote Sphagnum spore survival and establishment in peatlands after disturbances.
Heterogeneous effects of Aid‐for‐Trade on donor exports: Why is Japan different?
Authors: Nishitateno Shuhei , Umetani Hayato 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study estimates the Aid‐for‐Trade (AfT)‐export elasticity from the donor perspective, focusing on the top‐five donor countries: Japan, Germany, France, US, and UK. We find the elasticity for Japan is large, suggesting that the Japanese AfT generates a net export expansion, in contrast with the other top donors. We examine the potential mechanism behind the export creation effect of Japanese AfT using unique contract data on infrastructure‐related projects worldwide. The results suggest that Japanese AfT, highly concentrated in economic infrastructure, works as an informal tying arrangement, closely linking aid to donor exports associated with capital goods for infrastructure construction.
Application of seaweed and pruning residue as organic fertilizer to increase soil fertility and vine productivity
Authors: de Sosa Laura L. , Navarro‐Fernández Carmen M. , Panettieri Marco , Madejón Paula , Pérez‐de‐Mora Alfredo , Madejón Engracia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAlgae have an indisputable role in coastal ecosystems, but their accumulation and uncontrolled proliferation cause severe damage for the local municipalities. Fertilization with seaweed has been shown to increase soil fertility and crop production reducing ultimately the need for inorganic fertilizers. However, contradictory results of the compost effect have been reported. In the present work, we aimed at testing the suitability of three composted algae materials obtained in a previous study as soil amendments for vines. The composted materials consisted of pruning waste (P) and seaweed (S) mixed (henceforth, P2S1, P1S1 and P1S2, referring the number to the ratio of P to S). Overall, we observed an increase in soil organic matter, phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) in the soil treated in comparison with soils with inorganic fertilization. A moderate N soil enrichment (ca. 20%) was also detected. The leaf analysis reflected generally the greatest concentrations of NPK for the organic treatments, but this was remarkable only during the first year after seaweed application. A noticeable improvement in grape production was detected especially with the P1S1 compost without compromising grape quality although a decrease in sucrose content was noted with the compost with higher productivity (e.g. P2S1 and P1S1). This slight sucrose drop could be attributable to a greater water availability mediated by the compost or to a dilution factor of the sucrose content caused by a greater number of berries in those vines. These findings suggest that although monitoring of the long‐term effects is needed, the use of seaweed amendments for agriculture could offer a cost‐effective method for coastal municipalities to reduce excessive algae debris while also minimizing the impacts of inorganic fertilization.
Hyper‐parameter optimization of gradient boosters for flood susceptibility analysis
Authors: Lai Tuan Anh , Nguyen Ngoc‐Thach , Bui Quang‐Thanh 
Published: January 2023

AbstractProperly choosing hyper‐parameters improves machine learning models' performance and reduces training time and resource requirements. In this study, we investigated the uses of the Bayesian optimization algorithm for hyper‐parameter searches of two classifiers, namely LightGBM and XGBoost. The models were verified with a dataset from Vietnam, including historical flood locations from satellite images and survey data, and 11 features from three groups, namely physical, hydrological, and human‐related factors. The models' performance was evaluated using Area under Receiver Operating Characteristic curves (AUC‐ROC). Several strategies were applied to avoid over‐fitting, and the results show that two tuned Gradient boosters reached considerably high AUC values (approximately 0.98) compared with the previous study with a similar dataset. The model interpretation was also implemented using the Shapley (SHAP) values to understand better how models work and the interactions between features. The search for optimal hyper‐parameters is worth investigating in the future, particularly when there is growing work for novel optimization algorithms. The verification of such an approach is scientifically sound, and the models can be used as an alternative solution for natural hazard analysis in countries prone to hazards.
The Return of Repression? Evidence From Cognitive Psychology
Authors: McNally Richard J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe controversy over alleged repressed and recovered memories of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) was among the most contentious ever to embroil psychology and psychiatry. Adapting paradigms from cognitive psychology, my research group tested hypotheses pertinent to repressed memory and false memory interpretations of recovered memories. We tested adults who: (1) report recovering memories of CSA after not having thought about their abuse for years; (2) report never having forgotten their CSA; (3) believe they harbor “repressed” memories of CSA; and (4) deny having been sexually abused. We tested hypotheses about mechanisms that might figure in the inability to recall memories of one's abuse and those that might render one susceptible to developing false memories of abuse. The purpose of this article is to summarize this work. Finally, I draw on the work of Lionel Penrose to speculate about why the popularity of the concept of repressed memories of trauma—or its synonym, dissociative amnesia for trauma—may be rising today.