bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Gendered Face of Ageism in the Workplace
Authors: McConatha Jasmin Tahmaseb , Kumar V. K. , Magnarelli Jaqueline , Hanna Georgina 
Published: February 2023

This qualitative study explores perceived age discrimination in the workplace. Increasing age diversity in the workplace has led to an associated increase in ageism. While a large percentage of older workers report being subjected to discriminatory treatment in the workplace, ageism also appears to be gendered. Older female workers are being victimized at a greater rate than their male counterparts. The intersection of age, gender, and other forms of discrimination results in increased stress, threatens the well-being of workers of all ages, and creates a toxic workplace climate. Analysis of 244 participants’ responses to open-ended items indicated that ageism is prevalent in the workplace and threatens work and life satisfaction. In this study, both male and female participants were negatively affected by ageism in the workplace, although the female participants reported experiencing workplace discrimination more frequently. Qualitative analysis identified several important themes relating to ageism; these included threats to feelings of competence; self-doubt and helplessness; being subjected to momism; feeling isolated and lonely; and gradual disengagement from the workplace. The results are discussed in relation to workplace inclusivity and individual, organizational, and societal consequences of age discrimination.
Molecular epidemiology of human papillomavirus in pregnant women in Burkina Faso
Authors: Kabre Koudpoko Madeleine , Ouermi Djénéba , Zohoncon Théodora Mahoukèdè , Traore Fatié Porzé Wilfried , Gnoumou Ouamini Pulchérie De Prisca , Ouedraogo Rogomenoma Alice , Yonli Albert Théophane , Bado Prosper , Ouedraogo Paul , Ouedraogo Teega-Wendé Clarisse , Yelemkoure Tampoula Edwige , Kuassi-Kpede Punya Akouélé , Obiri-Yeboah Dorcas , Ouedraogo Charlemagne Marie Ragnag-Néwendé , Simpore Jacques 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is widespread among sexually active individuals. Several factors may contribute to increased risk of infection in pregnant women. The objective of this study was to determine the high-risk (HR-HPV) and low-risk (LR-HPV) oncogenic HPV genotypes among pregnant women in Ouagadougou.

Methodology
In this study, 100 endocervical samples were collected using a sterile swab on the sterile examination glove used during vaginal examination in pregnant women. DNA from each sample was amplified by PCR followed by hybridization using the HPV Direct Flow Chips kit detecting 36 HPV genotypes.

Results
Twenty-three percent (23%) of pregnant women had HPV infection. Of the 36 genotypes tested, 29 genotypes had been identified with a predominance of HPV 52 (10.34%), HPV 35 (6.89%), and HPV 82 (6.89%) for high risk and HPV 43 (10.34%), HPV 44/55 (6.90%), and HPV 62/81 (6.89%) for low risk.

Conclusion
HPV is common among pregnant women in Burkina Faso. However, the available vaccines do not cover the frequent genotypes found in this study. HPV could therefore constitute a threat for pregnant women and a risk of infection for the newborn.
You are the agenda: The pursuit of personal significance in social media contexts
Authors: Bantimaroudis Philemon , Maniou Theodora A. , Ziogas Thanasis 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This paper draws evidence from a national survey conducted in the Republic of Cyprus. Respondents provided evidence about their own self-promotion on social media while assessing other users’ personal salience online. Furthermore, they provided evidence about their own reactions toward other people’s personal salience. The study shows that respondents display affective, perceptional, as well as behavioral reactions toward other people’s online visibility. Demographic characteristics along with certain types of control variables are associated with individuals’ personal salience. Although transferring personal salience constitutes a segmented social media influence, this survey shows that it is recognized as a widespread objective and priority by ordinary individuals.
Simulative analysis of all-optical reflective semiconductor optical amplifier based 2-to-4 line decoder and read only memory (ROM)
Authors: Maji Kajal , Mukherjee Kousik , Mandal Mrinal Kanti 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this paper, all-optical 2-to-4 line decoder and read-only memory (ROM) are analyzed using a Reflective Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (RSOA) based optical switch. The structures of these 2-to-4 line decoder and read only memory are very simple and the operating speed is 200 Gbps, which can be used in optical hardware systems. The 2-to-4 line decoder output shows a very high extension ratio (ER), contrast ratio (CR), and Q value. These high values indicate the distinguishment between two states (‘1’ and ‘0’) very clearly.
A new machine-learning-based prediction of survival in patients with end-stage liver disease
Authors: Gibb Sebastian , Berg Thomas , Herber Adam , Isermann Berend , Kaiser Thorsten 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The shortage of grafts for liver transplantation requires risk stratification and adequate allocation rules. This study aims to improve the model of end-stage liver disease (MELD) score for 90-day mortality prediction with the help of different machine-learning algorithms.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and laboratory data of 654 patients who were recruited during the evaluation process for liver transplantation at University Hospital Leipzig. After comparing 13 different machine-learning algorithms in a nested cross-validation setting and selecting the best performing one, we built a new model to predict 90-day mortality in patients with end-stage liver disease.

Results
Penalized regression algorithms yielded the highest prediction performance in our machine-learning algorithm benchmark. In favor of a simpler model, we chose the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (lasso) regression. Beside the classical MELD international normalized ratio (INR) and bilirubin, the lasso regression selected cystatin C over creatinine, as well as IL-6, total protein, and cholinesterase. The new model offers improved discrimination and calibration over MELD and MELD with sodium (MELD-Na), MELD 3.0, or the MELD-Plus7 risk score.

Conclusions
We provide a new machine-learning-based model of end-stage liver disease that incorporates synthesis and inflammatory markers and may improve the classical MELD score for 90-day survival prediction.
The prevalence of vestigial teeth in two beaked whale species from the North Atlantic
Authors: Kitchener Andrew C. , Herman Jeremy S. , Doeschate Mariel ten , Davison Nicholas J. , Brownlow Andrew , Schwarz Tobias , Kinze Carl Chr. , Hantke Georg 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Beaked whales, Family Ziphiidae, occur in deep offshore and oceanic seas, where they are very difficult to study, so that much of our knowledge about them is derived from stranded animals. Most beaked whales (e.g., genera Mesoplodon and Ziphius) have only one pair of mandibular teeth. A reduced dentition is widely regarded as an adaptation to suction feeding, primarily on squid. However, vestigial maxillary and mandibular teeth have been recorded in some species. Here, we describe new records of vestigial teeth in 12 Sowerby’s beaked whales, Mesoplodon bidens, and one Cuvier’s beaked whale, Ziphius cavirostris, from a total 14 animals of these species, which stranded in 2019–2021 in Scotland. In nine M. bidens some tooth crowns were erupted and mild occlusal wear was visible, whereas pathological teeth were seen in ten individuals. The occurrence of vestigial teeth in Sowerby’s beaked whale appears to be significantly under-recorded, suggesting that vestigial teeth form as part of the normal development of the dentition. The reasons for the under-recording of the occurrence and the possible functionality of vestigial teeth in ziphiids are discussed.
Effect of cyclic loading on mechanical properties and microstructure of die cast magnesium alloy AZ91D
Authors: Li Jiquan , Chen Long , Wang Fenghua , Jiang Shaofei , Gan Huiqi , Zhou Jun , Hao Weina 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Magnesium alloy materials are often affected by cyclic stress, resulting in fatigue fracture due to changes in mechanical properties. In this study, external cyclic loads were introduced to simulate the loading of AZ91D (Mg-9Al-0.5Zn) parts. Tensile tests under static and external circulation loads were performed on the same specimens, and the effect of loading conditions on the mechanical properties of the specimens (tensile strength, yield strength and elongation) were studied. The internal microstructure of the test specimens was analyzed, and the influence of cyclic loading on the microstructure change of the specimens was discussed. Compared with static load, under the condition of cyclic loading, the tensile strength and yield strength of the specimens are increased by more than 15%, and the elongation rate is increased by 3 times. In addition, the microstructure images showed that many twins and the second phase β-Mg17Al12 were generated inside the AZ91D microstructure under cyclic loading. The former results in specimens crack initiation and it is the root cause of fatigue fracture. And the latter accounts for the strengthening of the mechanical properties of specimens.
Effect of high temperatures on dry sliding friction and wear behaviour of CuCrZr copper alloy
Authors: Mısırlı Cenk , Ceviz Mehmet , Çetintav Işık , Kılıç Halil 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Dry friction and wear behavior at high temperatures was investigated against an Al2O3 ball in order to characterize the wear rate, coefficient of friction (COF), hardness and thermal friction behavior at different temperatures in the wear-treated zones of the CuCrZr copper alloy. Experiments were fulfilled using a pin-on-disk wear device with the aid of a temperature modulated wear device at room temperature, 100, 200 and 300 °C. The loads applied during wear are given as 3N, 5N and 7N, respectively. In order to examine the morphological structure of the worn surfaces, appropriate samples were prepared and SEM (scanning electron microscopy) device was used. Similarly, EDS (energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry) was applied to worn surfaces to examine the abrasive-material interaction. Against the hardness of the material at 25 °C, the hardness value in measurements at 300 °C showed a small increase. The COF value increased at 100 °C and then decreased, while the wear rate increased significantly as the temperature increased. The temperature increase starting from RT up to 300 °C weakened the internal structure of the CuCrZr alloy and caused an increase in the wear rate. XRD test was used to show the phases that may occur in CuCrZr alloy due to temperature and heat treatment.
Emerging in ovo technologies in poultry production and the re-discovered chicken model in preclinical research
Authors: Niloofar Akhavan , Marek Bednarczyk , Krzysztof Krajewski , Katarzyna Stadnicka 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Prenatal programming is a concept based on assumptions that the events occurring in critical points of embryonic development may pose epigenetic changes resulting from chemical rearrangements on the DNA structure. Epigenetic changes may pose life lasting phenotypic effects in the animal, or can be heritable, like gene silencing associated with methylation in gene promoters regions. The technical advancements in biotechnology, bioinformatics, molecular techniques and robotization have brought to new technological applications in poultry production. Intentional stimulation of embryonic development and determination of the future health of the hatched organism is possible by in ovo
application of natural antioxidants and prebiotics, gut stabilizers like probiotics and other immunological enhancements, including vaccines. In parallel, the fine-tuned and generally accessible techniques of chicken embryo incubation along with the novel tissue engineering tools have led to focus the attention of scientists on chicken embryo as the alternative animal model for some pre-clinical approaches, in the context of reducing and replacing the experiments on animals. In this chapter, some key highlights are provided on current achievements in poultry embryonic applications, with the attention put to the emerging in ovo
technologies (in ovo feeding, immunological stimulation and in ovo oncological tools), that address the societal challenges in food production and health management.
Removal and isolation of radioactive cobalt using DNA aptamers
Authors: Lee Sun Young , Jang Dae Hyuk , Kim Hyuncheol , Yun Miyong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Electricity generation using nuclear power has various advantages, such as carbon reduction, but the treatment of nuclear waste is emerging as a big issue in many countries. The development of technology that can selectively remove radionuclides from liquid radioactive waste is one of the ways to reduce nuclear waste. Here, we assessed a new way of removing radioactive cobalt from a liquid using an aptamer. Aptamers specifically binding cobalt ions were selected through systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX). Their binding strength and stability of their complexes with cobalt were analyzed through surface plasmon resonance assay and 2D program Mfold, respectively. The optimal aptamer/bead conjugate conditions for binding cobalt were established using an FA-C1 aptamer with the strongest binding to cobalt. Under these conditions, more than 80% of radioactive cobalt was removed, and more than 99.95% of removed cobalt was recovered. These results proved that radioactive cobalt removal using this aptamer can effectively reduce liquid radioactive waste. This means that the aptamer/bead complex can be utilized to remove various radioactive metal ions.
Analysis of the phase-dependent fluorescence decay time of treated wood using FD-FLIM
Authors: Leiter Nina , Wohlschläger Maximilian , Versen Martin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
For sustainable handling of wood and high material utilization, post-consumer wood has to be sorted by post-consumer wood categories in Germany. The non-destructive FD-FLIM method could improve the wood recycling process by automatic classification of waste wood into post-consumer wood classes. Thus, the phase-dependent fluorescence decay time of treated wood is analysed in this study to obtain the impact of the treatment on the fluorescence decay time. It is shown that treated and untreated wood can be differentiated using the fluorescence decay time, although the state-of-the-art theoretical fluorescence decay time differs from the experimentally determined fluorescence decay time.
The Impact of Sarcopenia Risk on Postoperative Walking Independence in Older Adults Undergoing Total Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: Nanri Yuta , Shibuya Manaka , Nozaki Kohei , Takano Shotaro , Iwase Dai , Aikawa Jun , Fukushima Kensuke , Uchiyama Katsufumi , Takahira Naonobu , Fukuda Michinari 
Published: February 2023

Background and Purpose:
Sarcopenia is known to be associated with poor outcomes after arthroplasty; however, no study has reported the relationship between sarcopenia and postoperative walking independence. This study aimed to determine the impact of sarcopenia risk screening using the SARC-CalF questionnaire and calf circumference on the time to walk independently after total hip or knee arthroplasty in older patients.

Methods:
We included 599 nonobese patients aged 65 years and older who underwent unilateral and primary total hip or knee arthroplasty. Preoperative sarcopenia risk was assessed using the SARC-CalF or calf circumference. The outcome of this study was the time to independent walking after surgery; it was calculated as the number of days from the date of surgery to the date when the patient was able to walk independently. The association between preoperative sarcopenia risk and time to independent walking after surgery was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models.

Results:
Among the 599 patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty, 175 (29.2%) were determined to be at risk of sarcopenia using SARC-CalF and 193 (32.2%) using calf circumference. The Kaplan-Meier curve showed that sarcopenia risk assessed by SARC-CalF or calf circumference was associated with a prolonged time to independent walking in patients undergoing hip arthroplasty (log-rank test, P < .001 and P < .001, respectively). In patients undergoing hip arthroplasty, the Cox proportional hazards model showed that SARC-CalF score of 11 points and greater or a calf circumference less than the cutoff was a risk factor for delayed time to independent walking (hazard ratios: 0.55 and 0.57, P < .001 and P = .001, respectively). There was no association between preoperative sarcopenia risk and postoperative time to independent walking in patients who underwent knee arthroplasty.

Conclusions:
Sarcopenia screening tools, such as SARC-CalF or calf circumference, should be useful for planning postoperative rehabilitation in older adults scheduled for hip arthroplasty. However, the accuracy of SARC-CalF or calf circumference measurement in patients scheduled for knee arthroplasty may be low.
Individual and Group Responses of Cardiorespiratory Fitness to Running and Cycling Sprint Interval Training
Authors: Digby Lauren , McCarthy Seth F. , Bornath Derek P.B. , Copeland Jennifer L. , Hazell Tom J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Digby, L, McCarthy, SF, Bornath, DPB, Copeland, JL, and Hazell, TJ. Individual and group responses of cardiorespiratory fitness to running and cycling sprint interval training. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2022—Sprint interval training (SIT) has gained popularity as an effective way to improve peak oxygen consumption (V̇O2peak) and subsequently health in a time-efficient manner. In addition, SIT has demonstrated improvements of ∼5–12% in V̇O2peak for both running and cycling protocols, although comparisons of differing modalities have yet to be examined. Therefore, this study sought to determine group and individual responses to running and cycling SIT while examining any crossover effects of running and cycling SIT when V̇O2peak is tested in different modes of exercise where 18 subjects completed either 3 weeks of cycling SIT (6 male, 3 female) or running SIT (5 male, 4 female) consisting of 4–6 repeated 30-second all-out bouts interspersed with 240 seconds of recovery. Cycling and running V̇O2peak tests were completed pretraining and post-training for the investigation of mode-specific cardiorespiratory fitness improvements. There were main effects of time for cycling V̇O2peak (P = 0.022,

= 0.499) and running V̇O2peak (P = 0.080,

= 0.334) that seem greater when testing in the same mode as training (∼+5.5%). A similar proportion of responders were identified in both training modes (∼67%) suggesting running and cycling SIT are both effective for improving cardiorespiratory fitness. These results suggest that the specificity of testing and training are important for SIT and that both running and cycling SIT are similarly effective at improving V̇O2peak.
Sprint Interval Training Attenuates Neuromuscular Function and Vagal Reactivity Compared With High-Intensity Functional Training in Real-World Circumstances
Authors: Benítez-Flores Stefano , Castro Flávio A. de S. , Lusa Cadore Eduardo , Astorino Todd A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Benítez-Flores, S, de S. Castro, FA, Lusa Cadore, E, and Astorino, TA. Sprint interval training attenuates neuromuscular function and vagal reactivity compared with high-intensity functional training in real-world circumstances. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2022—The aim of this study was to compare the acute cardiovascular and neuromuscular effects of 3 time-matched sessions of high-intensity training. Eighteen moderately active adults (9 women and 9 men [age: 23 ± 2.9 years; maximum oxygen consumption (V̇o
2max): 47.6 ± 4.1 ml·kg−1·min−1]) performed three low-volume (∼9 minutes) sessions in a randomized order: sprint interval training (SIT), burpee interval training (BIT) (10 × 5 seconds efforts × 35 seconds recovery), and vigorous intensity continuous training (VICT) (6 minutes 5 seconds of running at ∼85% of peak heart rate [HRpeak]). Indices related to heart rate (HR), neuromuscular performance (counter movement jump height [CMJheight] and squat and bench press power), and autonomic balance (heart rate recovery and heart rate variability [HRR and HRV] )were monitored during exercise. Sprint interval training and VICT elicited a higher HRmean (171.3 ± 8.4 and 166.5 ± 7.5 vs. 150.5 ± 13.6 b·min−1, p < 0.001) and time of ≥90%HRpeak (133.3 ± 117.4 and 110 ± 128.9 vs. 10 ± 42.4 seconds, p < 0.01) than BIT. Sprint interval training exhibited a slower HRR and lower HRV than BIT and VICT (p < 0.05) postsession. Moreover, only SIT resulted in a significant decline (p < 0.01) in CMJheight (34.7 ± 7.2 to 33.5 ± 7.2 cm), relative squat mean power (25.5 ± 4.5 to 23.8 ± 4.9 W·kg−1), and relative bench press peak power (6.9 ± 2.4 to 6.2 ± 2.5 W·kg−1). Results revealed that SIT diminishes the sympathovagal reactivation and neuromuscular performance compared with work-matched BIT and VICT.
Longitudinal Effects of Traditional and Rest Redistribution Set Configurations on Explosive-Strength and Strength-Endurance Manifestations
Authors: Janicijevic Danica , González-Hernández Jorge M. , Jiménez-Reyes Pedro , Márquez Gonzalo , García-Ramos Amador 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Janicijevic, D, González-Hernández, JM, Jiménez-Reyes, P, Márquez, G, and García-Ramos, A. Longitudinal effects of traditional and rest redistribution set configurations on explosive-strength and strength-endurance manifestations. J Strength Cond Res 37(5): 980–986, 2023—This study aimed to compare the long-term effects of resistance training programs based on traditional and rest redistribution set configurations on explosive-strength and strength-endurance performance of lower-body and upper-body muscles. Thirty physically active men were randomly assigned to a traditional group (TRG: 6 sets of 5 repetitions with 3 minutes of interset rest) or a rest redistribution group (RRG: 30 sets of 1 repetition with 31 seconds of interrepetition rest). The training program lasted 6 weeks (2 sessions·wk−1), and in each training session, the squat and bench press exercises were performed with maximal concentric effort against approximately the 75% of the 1 repetition maximum. Before and after training, explosive-strength performance (peak velocity reached at submaximal loads during the countermovement jump and bench press throw) and strength-endurance performance (mean set velocity of 10 repetitions using both traditional and cluster sets in the squat and bench press) were assessed. Significant improvements in all dependent variables were observed after training for both the TRG (p ≤ 0.004; effect size [ES] = 0.63–3.06) and RRG (p ≤ 0.001; ES = 0.58–3.23). The magnitude of the changes was comparable for both groups with the only exception of the larger improvements observed in the RRG for the bench press mean set velocity using both traditional (ES = 0.77) and cluster (ES = 0.82) set configurations. Traditional and rest redistribution set configurations are equally effective to improve lower-body explosive strength, lower-body strength endurance, and upper-body explosive strength, whereas rest redistribution set configurations could induce greater adaptations in upper-body strength endurance.