bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DU-ResNet to Predict Survival in Patient of Heart Failure
Authors: Zhang Chang-Jiang , Zhang Chen-Lang , Tang Fu-Qin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Predicting survival in patients with heart disease clinically is a challenging task. Predicting the survival state is very important among patients with heart failure. In this paper, we propose a prediction model for the survival of heart failure patients based on deep learning combined with clinical data of heart failure patients. The proposed model is named DU-ResNet which is designed by combining ResUNet with ResNet50. Most clinical data of patients with heart failure are only numerical heart failure datasets. If one-dimensional clinical data can be converted into two-dimensional image data, the advantages of a deep convolutional neural network in extracting spatial features can be fully realized. For this reason, in this paper, the clinical data of all original patients with heart failure were normalized first, and then, each normalized clinical data point was placed in a certain area of the grid image. Therefore, according to the value of each clinical data point, a gray image with different brightness regions was constructed. After data enhancement was performed on the constructed image dataset of clinical data of heart failure patients to expand the number of samples, DU-ResNet is used to binary classify the expanded dataset, and ten-fold cross-validation and ablation experiments are performed on the dataset. Then, ten-fold cross-validation was used to verify the performance of the proposed DU-ResNet model. The results show that the proposed DU-ResNet model has the best result with the use of four features, with the accuracy was 96.47%, the Specificity was 97.22%, the Sensitivity was 95.71%, the Precision was 96.87%, the F1-score was 96.27% and the MCC was 92.97% after ten-fold cross-validation. In addition, the comprehensive performance of the proposed DU-ResNet model for predicting the survival of patients with heart failure is better than several typical deep learning methods.
Effect of melatonin on developmental competence, mitochondrial distribution, and intensity of fresh and vitrified/thawed in vitro matured buffalo oocytes
Authors: Kandil Omaima Mohamed , Elrahman Samar Mahfouz Abd , Ali Rania said , Ismail Esraa Aly Ibrahim , Ibrahim Nehad Mohamed 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background: In livestock breeding, oocyte cryopreservation is crucial for preserving and transferring superior genetic traits. A study was conducted to examine the effects of adding melatonin to maturation and vitrification media on the in vitro developmental capacity, mitochondrial distribution, and intensity of buffalo oocytes. The study involved obtaining ovaries from a slaughterhouse and conducting two phases. In the first phase, high-quality oocytes were incubated in a maturation medium with or without 10-9M melatonin for 22 hours at 38.5°C in 5% CO2. The matured oocytes were fertilized in vitro and cultured in SOF media for 7 days. In the second phase, vitrified in vitro matured oocytes were stored in vitrified media (basic media (BM) containing a combination of cryoprotectants (20% Ethyl Glycol and 20% Dimethyl sulfoxide), with or without melatonin, and then stored in liquid nitrogen. Normal vitrified/thawed oocytes were fertilized in vitro and cultured as described. Finally, the matured oocytes from the fresh and vitrified/thawed groups, both with and without melatonin, were stained using DAPI and Mitotracker red to detect their viability, mitochondrial intensity, and distribution using a confocal microscope. The study found that adding 10-9M melatonin to the maturation media significantly increased maturation (85.20%), cleavage (89.20%), and transferable embryo (48.20%) rates compared to the group without melatonin (69.20%, 75.00%, and 35.80% respectively). Additionally, the addition of melatonin to the vitrification media improved the recovery rate of normal oocytes (83.75%), as well as the cleavage (61.80%) and transferable embryo (27.00%) rates when compared to the vitrified TCM group (67.46%, 51.40%, and 17.00%, respectively). The diffuse mitochondrial distribution was higher in both fresh with melatonin (TCM+Mel) and Vitrified with melatonin (VS2+Mel groups ) (80% and 76.70%, respectively), while the mitochondrial intensity was higher in the TCM+Mel group (1698.60) among vitrified groups. In conclusion, Melatonin supplementation improves developmental competence and mitochondrial distribution in buffalo oocytes during in vitro maturation and vitrification.
The Hidden Environmental Costs of Consumer Product Returns
Authors: Makov Tamar , Roichman Rotem , Sprecher Benjamin , Blass Vered , Meshulam Tamar 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Each year, consumers return billions of new products to sellers. Despite reports that once returned products are often discarded without ever being used, surprisingly little research has examined the environmental impacts of returns from a full lifecycle perspective. Building on a unique dataset covering over 630k returned apparel items, we map the flow of returned products under best and conventional management practices, and illustrate the full lifecycle impacts associated with returns using two case studies. Our results suggest that 23%-46% of new products returned never reach another consumer. Moreover, we find that the GHG emissions associated with the production and distribution of returned products that ultimately go unused can be 16 times higher than all post-return transport, packaging, and processing emissions combined. Our findings suggest that the environmental performance eCommerce, where return rates are exceptionally high, may be systematically underestimated, and highlight the urgent need to promote circular returns management practices.
Hyperbolic rotation with Euclidean angle illuminates spacetime spinors
Authors: Brands Peter 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this article it will be shown that by introducing a hyperbolic rotation as function of a Euclidean rotation angle, all possible Lorentz group spacetime rotations can be performed by Euclidean rotation parameters. This unification in Lorentz group rotations parameters (all Euclidean) allows for the calculation of the volume of a spacetime region bounded by the light cone of a past event, i.e., a causality-volume with the shape of a spacetime three-sphere. As will be calculated, the surface area of the spacetime three-sphere is the volume of our space. Additionally, the unification in Lorentz group rotations parameters allows for the derivation of a Dirac spinor purely from the spacetime three-sphere symmetries. This derivation from the spacetime symmetries of a geometrical object yields the same result as solving the Dirac equation with quantum mechanical eigenvalue eigenvector complex matrix calculations.
Diversity and drought indices analysis reveals potential sorghum accessions for post-flowering drought stress tolerance
Authors: Tsehaye Yirgalem , Abay Fetien , Tadesse Taye , Bantte Kassahun , Menamo Temesgen M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Drought is a significant limitation to crop production in sub-Saharan Africa, with the response of sorghum genotypes to pre- and post-flowering drought stresses varying. In Ethiopia, post-flowering drought has a significant impact on yield reduction. The study aimed to evaluate the response of 216 sorghum accessions to post-flowering drought stress and non-stress regimes. The experiment was conducted using a row-column design with two replications at Melkassa and Werer Agricultural Research Centers in Ethiopia. Results from both sites showed a significant difference among accessions in post-flowering water-stress and well-water regimes, indicating diversity among the tested accessions. While the phenotypic variance was higher than the genetic variance for all characters under study, most characters were less influenced by the environment due to the narrow range of difference. Drought tolerance index analysis identified stress tolerance index, mean productivity, geometric mean productivity, harmonic mean productivity, and yield index as appropriate indices to select post-drought tolerant sorghum accessions. Selection by these indices can help identify a genotype with desirable yield in both stress and non-stress conditions. Cluster analysis showed that accessions tended to group into four clusters: post-drought tolerant, semi-tolerant, semi-sensitive, and sensitive, based on significant associated indices. Acc#222888, Acc#28546, and Acc#216739 were identified as potential sources of genetic material for post-drought tolerance in both research sites. The study highlights the importance of evaluating sorghum genotypes for post-flowering drought resistance under different irrigation conditions to identify potential sources of genetic material for breeding programs aimed at developing drought-tolerant sorghum varieties.
The enhancing oxidation performance through a magnetic supported manganese system in low temperature
Authors: Ariannezhad a M. , Pourmorteza N 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
An efficient and eco-friendly oxidation process for the preparation of carbonyl compounds and sulfoxides through a capable magnetic supported manganese-based catalyst (Fe3O4@SiO2@CPTMS@MBOL@Mn) was progressed. The most important factors in this method are cost effective, low temperature, and solvent free conditions, which accentuates the present oxidation process. The catalytic activity of nano catalysts depends on the particle size and composition ratio of surface metal. We reveal that Mn supported on magnetic iron oxide functionalized with 2-mercaptobenzoxazole as a suitable surface, in the presence of TBHP shows catalytic activity that is comparable with commercially available catalysts for the oxidation of alcohols hydrocarbons and sulfides.
Deficiency of metabolic regulator PKM2 activates the pentose phosphate pathway and generates TCF1+ progenitor CD8+ T cells to improve checkpoint blockade
Authors: Markowitz Geoffrey J. , Ban Yi , Tavarez Diamile A. , Yoffe Liron , Podaza Enrique , He Yongfeng , Martin Mitchell T. , Crowley Michael J. P. , Sandoval Tito A. , Gao Dingcheng , Martin M. Laura , Elemento Olivier , Cubillos-Ruiz Juan R. , McGraw Timothy E. , Altorki Nasser K. , Mittal Vivek 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

TCF1high progenitor CD8+ T cells mediate the efficacy of PD-1 blockade, however the mechanisms that govern their generation and maintenance are poorly understood. Here, we show that targeting glycolysis through deletion of pyruvate kinase muscle 2 (PKM2) results in elevated pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) activity, leading to enrichment of a TCF1high central memory-like phenotype and increased responsiveness to PD-1 blockade in vivo. PKM2KO CD8+ T cells showed reduced glycolytic flux, accumulation of glycolytic intermediates and PPP metabolites, and increased PPP cycling as determined by 1,2 13C glucose carbon tracing. Small molecule agonism of the PPP without acute glycolytic impairment skewed CD8+ T cells towards a TCF1high population, generated a unique transcriptional landscape, enhanced tumor control in mice in combination with PD-1 blockade, and promoted tumor killing in patient-derived tumor organoids. Our study demonstrates a new metabolic reprogramming that contributes to a progenitor-like T cell state amenable to checkpoint blockade.
Credit Card Fraud Detection Using Benefit-Based Learning and Periodic Features
Authors: Sooklal Shellyann , Hosein Patrick 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Online credit card fraud (CCF) is an ongoing problem and with a recent surge of merchants moving their businesses online, it is crucial to identify fraudulent transactions before they cause losses to both banks and customers. Due to the dynamic nature of fraudsters and customer spending behavior (CSB), machine learning (ML) algorithms are appropriate for this task. However, CCF data are typically imbalanced, favoring non-fraudulent transactions, causing traditional ML algorithms to err on the side of this majority class, since they consider equal costs and benefits for different decision outcomes when training. Nevertheless, it is more beneficial to correctly identify fraudulent transactions. Therefore, we propose a technique for identifying CCF that accounts for CSB by aggregating periodic transactions to create new features. We also consider benefits and costs when training and evaluating the performance of XGBoost classifiers. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach using data provided by a bank.
Studies the effect of halloysite nanotubes on the mechanical and swelling resistance properties of NR/EPDM nanocomposites
Authors: Theja M. S. Ravi , Ganeshan P. , Vishvanathperumal S. , Raja K. , Mohanavel V. , Kannan Sathish 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A nanocomposite utilizing natural rubber (NR)/ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) and halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), which are naturally occurring tube-like nanoparticles, is presented. Using a silane coupling agent known as diethoxydimethyl silane (DMS), these hydrophilic HNTs were modified to enable efficient dispersion in the hydrophobic NR/EPDM matrix. Surface functional groups of the HNTs were characterized through water immersion tests after the silane modification. This study's goal is to examine the compatibility of rubber and nanotubes as well as the strengthening impact of DMS-HNTs used as nanofillers in the NR/EPDM matrix. The analysis includes studying curing behaviors, mechanical properties, abrasion resistance, and mole percent uptake (swelling resistance). Additionally, extensive research was conducted to examine the mole percent uptake of organic solvents through membranes as influenced by DMS-HNTs content, solvent type, and size. The results demonstrate that DMS-HNTs significantly enhance the strength of NR/EPDM vulcanizates, reduce scorching, and optimum cure time. Moreover, mechanical characteristics and swelling resistance increase with higher DMS-HNTs loading. At 8 phr DMS-HNTs filler loading, cross-link density measurements indicate improved strengthening. The inclusion of high concentrations of DMS-HNTs nanotubes creates a localized nanofiller network within the NR/EPDM rubber, resulting in substantially enhanced mechanical properties of the composites.
Agglutination Multivariate Optimal Spanning SOLOv3 Algorithm: Novel Augment-Based Approach for Early-Stage Brain Tumor Image Segmentation
Authors: Sindhu S. , Vijayalakshmi N. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In recent days instance image segmentation made great work with the real-time rapid development of video analytics using neural networks. Still, there are two main challenges faced during the segmentation of image objects and creating the relationship between each pixel for identification of infected cells in brain image. Commonly the T1 and T2 image was used, but in the proposed work the FLAIR three-dimensional based brain skull image was referred and identified. In the proposed work, many mining processes of frameworks for the instant detection of the image object. The proposed work introduced the new algorithm called Agglutination Multivariate Optimum Spanning SOLOv3 algorithm (AMOSv3 Algorithm). In this proposed mechanism, preliminary semantics are instance classification and prediction of location in indistinguishable image objects surrounded with original instance-mined images, to ensure fully excavated. For the proposed work two different datasets were used, BraTS9 and Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR). The matrix calculation was done with the proposed AMOSSV3 Algorithm. This mechanism is calculating the regional area based on the matrix value, which is calculated by the watershed algorithms. This algorithm gives a better accuracy score compared to others.
Inhibition of MSB-1 cell invasion and migration by Diallyl disulfide(DADS) through NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Liu Xuesong , Li Siying , Liu Jianying , Wang Dongliang , Pan Yanying , Tang Qingxiu , Chen Tao , Liu Wei , Ji Chunxiao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Marek's disease is a lymphoproliferative disorder in chickens characterized by monocyt Marek's disease ic infiltration of single or multiple tissues and organs of peripheral nerves, gonads, iris, various internal organs, muscles, and skin. This disease is an infectious neoplastic disease caused by cell-bound herpesvirus, which causes the formation of tumors in the above organs and tissues. Sick chickens are commonly emaciated, paralyzed, and often have acute death. To investigate the effect of diallyl disulfide (DADS) on the migration and invasion of MSB-1 cells and explore its mechanism, to lay the foundation for the study of invasion and migration of tumor cells in chicken Malik's disease. To investigate the roles of DADS on the migration and invasion of MSB-1 cells, different concentrations of DADS (0,30,90,120 µmol/L) on the growth and proliferation of MSB-1 cells was analyzed by CCK8 assay. Cell migration and invasion were detected by Transwell assays. Protein activity of related proteins MMP2 and MMP9 were detected by gelatinase profiling; the expression of related proteins NF-κB, MMP2, MMP9, VEGF, E-cadherin and Vimentin were detected by ELISA. DADS significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of MSB-1 cells and altered the morphological structure of the cells. Through data analysis, it can be concluded that the concentration of 30µmol/L DADS significantly inhibits the migration and invasion of cells, and the concentration of DADS of 60µmol/L and 90 µmol/L highly significantly inhibits the migration and invasion of cells. The expressions of migration and invasion-related proteins NF-κB, MMP2, MMP9, VEGF, E-cadherin and Vimentin were decreased in a dependent manner with increasing DADS concentration. DADS may reduce the degradation of the extracellular matrix by inhibiting the expression of MMP2 and MMP9 through suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathway, and at the same time. Might be inhibit angiogenesis by decreasing the expression of VEGF, thus inhibiting the migration and invasion of MSB-1 cells.
BalanceVR: VR based Balance Training to Increase Tolerance to VR Sickness
Authors: Kang Seounghoon , Yang Yechan , Kim Gerard Jounghyun , Kim Hanseob 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Virtual reality (VR) or cyber-sickness is a serious usability problem. Postural (or balance) instability theory has emerged as one of the primary hypotheses for the cause of VR sickness. In this paper, we conducted a two-week-long experiment to observe the trends in user balance learning and sickness tolerance under different experimental conditions to analyze the potential inter-relationship between them. The experimental results have shown, aside from the obvious improvement in balance performance itself, that accompanying balance training had a stronger effect of increasing tolerance to VR sickness than mere exposure to VR. In addition, training in VR was found to be more effective than using the 2D-based medium, especially for the transfer effect to other non-training VR content.
Sociodemographic characteristics and risk factors related to DENV infection among individuals from Luanda, Angola
Authors: Jandondo Domingos , Luís Kuta , Sacomboio Euclides , Morais Joana , Sebastião Cruz S. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background & objectives: Dengue caused by dengue virus (DENV) is the most widespread arbovirosis in the world. Around 100 million people are infected annually, causing a high economic burden for public health, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Herein, we investigate the sociodemographic characteristics and risk factors related to DENV infection among individuals from Luanda, the capital city of Angola.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out with 507 individuals screened for DENV in Luanda, between April to December 2021.
Results: Overall, the DENV infection was 2.4%. The DENV positivity rate reduced with increasing age (41.7% in individuals under 20 years to 33.3% in individuals over 30 years). A lower risk of infection (OR: 0.64, p=0.507) in individuals aged over 40 years. DENV infection rate was higher among females, presenting 1.54 times more chances (CI: 0.48 - 4.91, p=0.468). All cases of DENV infection were from individuals living in urbanized regions. No statistically significant differences were observed between DENV with age group, gender, or residential area (p>0.05).
Interpretation & conclusion: Our findings emphasize the need to implement programs or activities focused on the targeted prevention of infections transmitted by mosquito bites, early identification of signs and symptoms and effective treatment, especially in regions with high population density. The creation of programs for the surveillance of non-malarial febrile syndromes is crucial. In addition, further studies on risk factors for DENV infection should be carried out, especially in regions of Angola with high population density.
Human placental membrane placement in coronary artery bypass grafting surgery is associated with reduced postoperative atrial fibrillation
Authors: Khalpey Zain , Kumar Ujjawal , Hitscherich Pamela , Deckwa Jessa , Chnari Evangelia , Long Marc 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Postoperative atrial fibrillation occurs in up to 40% of patients following coronary artery bypass grafting and is associated with a higher risk of stroke and mortality. Our study investigated how placing human placental membranes may mitigate post-CABG atrial fibrillation. This single-center retrospective cohort study of CABG patients performed by a single surgeon excluded patients with preoperative heart failure, chronic kidney disease, and atrial fibrillation. The treatment group (N=24) had three 5x6cm HPMs placed epicardially prior to partial pericardial approximation and chest closure; the control group (N=54) did not receive HPM.
The treatment group had reduced POAF incidence compared to controls (35.2% vs 8.3% (p = 0.0136). Univariate analysis demonstrated that HPM treatment was associated with an 83% reduced risk for POAF (OR = 0.17, p = 0.024). Multivariate analysis yielded similar results (OR = 0.07, p = 0.0156). Overall admission length was similar between groups, though ICU admission trended longer in controls. Additionally, postoperative inotrope treatment was longer in controls (p = 0.0374). There was no postoperative heart failure, stroke or death reported up to 30 days, with similar rates of renal failure. HPM placement in CABG surgery can therefore be a simple solution to modulate inflammation, reducing POAF and shortening ICU admission.