bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Newspaper Reporting of Non-fatal Suicide Attempts During the Covid-19 Lockdown in Pakistan
Authors: Mahesar Rameez Ali , Shaikh Sadia , Latif Muhammad , Azeema Nusrat , Solangi Aneela , Abro Shaila Yaseen 
Published: April 2023

Background: This study was aimed to observe newspaper reports about non-fatal suicide attempts in Pakistan during the COVID-19 lockdown. Methods: We performed content analysis of news reports about incomplete suicides from four vernacular newspapers of Pakistan between March and August 2020. Results: A total of 87 news reports about suicide attempts were examined; the vast majority of the suicide attempters was Muslims (78%), males (64%), females (36%) with (33%) mentions of age, ranging from 19–30 years, and married were (76%). However, occupation was largely missing from (93%) of the news. Self-poisoning was the commonly reported method in (65%) of suicide attempts, whereas familial discord was the leading risk factor for (72%) of suicide attempts. Conclusions: Although psychological intervention is crucial to reduce familial discords as risk factors, monitoring the mental health conditions of people vulnerable to suicide and the figures on attempted suicides should be maintained and collected nationally and regionally.
Hegemony, Quasi-Counterhegemony, and Counterhegemony in Pesticide Use in Latin America With Special Reference to Mexico
Authors: Wilson Tamar Diana 
Published: April 2023

In the center of the corporate agricultural regime is the pesticide-industrial complex which is part of the current hegemonic order in the reproduction of capitalism. There are quasi-counterhegemonic movements, however, in the form of Integrated Pest Management and a fully counterhegemonic trend in the form of agroecology. Not only does agroecology as a science and practice eschew the use of pesticides in favor of biological controls developed by Latin American peasants over hundreds of years, but it has become a national and transnational movement led by La Vía Campesina (The Peasant Way) and agroecology has also become institutionalized on both of those levels. I consider cases from Latin America, with an emphasis on Mexico. JEL Classification: Q1, Q16, Q18, Q19
Trajectories of Disability and Related Factors in Korean Adults Aged ≥75 years
Authors: Lee Eunyoung , Jun Seong Sook 
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to identify distinct trajectories of activities of daily living (ADL) disability in older adults aged ≥75 years over 6 years. A growth mixture model and the multinomial logistic regression analysis were used to identify different disability trajectories and to investigate each trajectory. Four distinct disability trajectories were identified: low, moderate, high, and progressive. Activity restriction due to fear of falling, being underweight, impaired vision, and impaired cognition were highly associated with the progressive groups, compared with the low disability group. Activity restriction due to fear of falling, depression, impaired cognition, and poor subjective health status were associated with moderate and high disability. These findings contribute to increasing the understanding of ADL disability among older adults.
Salidroside attenuates LPS-induced kidney injury through activation of SIRT1/Nrf2 pathway
Authors: Pan Jiaying , Zhu Jie , Li Liang , Zhang Tao , Xu Zhenyu 
Published: April 2023

Background Salidroside (SAL) is an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, neuroprotective, and renal protective active ingredient extracted from the Chinese herb. Rhodiola Rosea. However, the role of SAL in kidney injury has not yet been elucidated. The study investigates SAL’s protective effect and mechanism in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced kidney injury. Methods Male C57BL/6 wild-type mice (6–8 weeks old) were intraperitoneally injected with 10 mg/kg LPS for 24 h and SAL (50 mg/kg) 2 h before the LPS injection. Biochemical and TUNNEL staining assay analyses were carried out to assess kidney injury. The Elisa assay analyzed the mRNA expression of NGAL and KIM-1. RT-qPCR and Western blotting measured the mRNA and protein expression of HO-1, NQO1, Beclin1, P62, SIRT1, Nrf2, and PNCA, respectively. Results Our study found that mice co-treated with SAL had significantly reduced blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) levels in serum of LPS-induced mice. SAL cotreatment potentially decreased the apoptosis rate of kidney tissue and podocytes induced by LPS. SAL significantly reduced the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) in LPS-treated mice. Autophagy-related proteins Beclin-1 increased but decreased P62 protein expression by cotreatment of SAL in LPS-injected mice. SAL enhanced the Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein expression in LPS-induced kidney tissues. Conclusion Our results speculate that SAL protects against LPS-induced kidney injury through activation of the SIRT1/Nrf2 pathway.
Considerations for Treating Nonobstetric Diseases in Pregnant Patients in the Emergency Department Setting
Authors: Eiland Lea S. , Harris John Brock , Holmes Amy P. 
Published: April 2023

Objective: To provide nonobstetric practitioners with an overview of key concepts for the pregnant patient and review treatment of 3 common acute nonobstetric diseases encountered in the emergency department setting. Data Sources: A literature search of PubMed was performed (1997-February 2023) using key search terms related to pregnancy, pain, urinary tract infection (UTI), venous thromboembolism (VTE), and anticoagulants. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Relevant articles in English and humans were considered. Data Synthesis: When caring for a pregnant patient, it is important to utilize appropriate assessments, understand terms used in this population, and recognize how the physiological and pharmacokinetic changes that occur in pregnancy can influence medication use. Pain, UTIs, and VTE are common in this population. Acetaminophen is the most widely used medication for the management of pain during pregnancy and the drug of choice for mild pain in pregnancy not responsive to nonpharmacologic treatment. Pyelonephritis is the most common nonobstetric cause of hospitalization for pregnant patients. Antimicrobial treatment should consider maternal-fetal safety and local resistance patterns. Pregnant and postpartum patients have a 4- to 5-fold increased risk of developing a VTE compared with nonpregnant patients. Low-molecular-weight heparin is the preferred treatment. Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice: Pregnant patients often seek acute care in the emergency department setting for nonobstetric needs. Pharmacists in this setting should understand appropriate assessment questions and terms used within this population, the basics of physiological and pharmacokinetic changes in pregnancy that can impact treatment, and which resources are best to utilize for drug information of the pregnant patient. Conclusion: Practitioners in the acute care setting commonly encounter pregnant patients seeking care for nonobstetric concerns. This article covers key pregnancy-related information for the nonobstetric practitioner and focuses on the management of acute pain, UTI, and VTE during pregnancy.
Long-term changes in crystalline lens transparency after accelerated transepithelial corneal cross-linking in patients with keratoconus
Authors: Sun Ling , Zhang Xiaoyu , Ding Lan , Zhao Jing , Shen Yang , Tian Mi , Jian Weijun , Zhou Xingtao 
Published: April 2023

Purpose To investigate the long-term clinical outcomes and changes in crystalline lens transparency after accelerated (45 mW/cm2) transepithelial corneal cross-linking (ATE-CXL) using the Pentacam imaging system in patients with progressive keratoconus. Methods The study prospectively included 44 keratoconus eyes of 40 patients (mean age: 24.39  ±  5.61 years) who underwent ATE-CXL. The examinations, including assessment of uncorrected distance visual acuity, corrected distance visual acuity, corneal topography, and corneal endothelial cell density count, were conducted preoperatively and 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 5 years postoperatively. Measurement of crystalline lens density using Pentacam images was also performed pre- and postoperatively. Results All surgeries were uneventful with no postoperative complications. All keratometry values and corneal thickness remained stable during the 5-year follow-up period (all p > 0.05). There were no significant differences in corneal endothelial cell density count, visual acuity, and anterior average lens density in the 0.5-, 1.0-, and 1.5-mm depth zones during the 5-year follow-up period compared with the preoperative values (all p > 0.05). Conclusion The results of this study suggest that ATE-CXL at 45 mW/cm2 is safe and effective for the treatment of progressive keratoconus in terms of both crystalline lens density and endothelial cell density.
Indigenous Cultural Safety Trainings for Healthcare Professionals Working in Ontario, Canada: Context and Considerations for Healthcare Institutions
Authors: Webb Denise , Stutz Sterling , Hiscock Claire , Bowra Andrea , Butsang Tenzin , Tan Sharon , Scott-Kay Bryanna , Mashford-Pringle Angela 
Published: April 2023

Background: Racism and discrimination are realities faced by Indigenous peoples navigating the healthcare system in Canada. Countless experiences of injustice, prejudice, and maltreatment calls for systemic action to redress professional practices of health care professionals and staff alike. Research points to Indigenous cultural safety training in healthcare systems to educate, train, and provide non-Indigenous trainees the necessary skills and knowledge to work with and alongside Indigenous peoples using cultural safe practices grounded in respect and empathy. Objective: We aim to inform the development and delivery of Indigenous cultural safety training within and across healthcare settings in the Canadian context, through repository of Indigenous cultural safety training examples, toolkits, and evaluations. Methods: An environmental scan of both gray (government and organization-issued) and academic literature is employed, following protocols developed by Shahid and Turin (2018). Synthesis: Indigenous cultural safety training and toolkits are collected and described according to similar and distinct characteristics and highlighting promising Indigenous cultural safety training practices for adoption by healthcare institutions and personnel. Gaps of the analysis are described, providing direction for future research. Final recommendations based on overall findings including key areas for consideration in Indigenous cultural safety training development and delivery. Conclusion: The findings uncover the potential of Indigenous cultural safety training to improve healthcare experiences of all Indigenous Peoples. With the information, healthcare institutions, professionals, researchers, and volunteers will be well equipped to support and promote their Indigenous cultural safety training development and delivery.
Cervical human papillomavirus prevalence according to socioeconomic and demographic characteristics in a large Danish screening population
Authors: Sand Freja LÆrke , Thomsen Louise T. , Oernskov Dorthe , Munk Christian , Waldstroem Marianne , Kjaer Susanne K. 
Published: April 2023

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) prevalence according to socioeconomic and demographic characteristics in a Danish screening population. Methods: We used data from HPV SCREEN DENMARK, which was an implementation study embedded into the routine cervical cancer screening programme. During 2017–2020, women aged 30–59 years screened in the Region of Southern Denmark were offered HPV testing or cytology. In the HPV group, liquid-based cytology samples were tested for 14 hrHPV types. We obtained registry information on socioeconomic and demographic characteristics and used log-binomial regression to estimate the prevalence ratio (PR) of hrHPV in three age groups (30–39, 40–49, 50–59 years), adjusting for age and marital status. Results: We included 31,124 HPV unvaccinated women. In all age groups, the age-adjusted hrHPV prevalence was higher in women with basic versus higher education (e.g. age 30–39: 11.9% vs. 9.5%; PRage-adjusted=1.24; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02–1.50); women who were unemployed vs. employed (e.g. age 30–39: 11.6% vs. 10.4%; PRage-adjusted=1.11; 95% CI: 0.95–1.28); and in women with highest vs. lowest income (e.g. age 30–39: 11.6% vs. 9.5%, PRage-adjusted=1.18, 95% CI: 0.98–1.44). In models adjusted for marital status, these associations largely disappeared. Conclusions: We found slightly higher hrHPV prevalences in women with basic education, low income and unemployment. The differences largely disappeared when taking into account marital status as a potential proxy for sexual behaviour. Our findings support a need for targeted information on safe sexual practices and promoting socioeconomic equality in HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening participation.
Telemedicine technologies and applications in the era of COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review
Authors: Mehraeen Esmaeil , SeyedAlinaghi SeyedAhmad , Heydari Mohammad , Karimi Amirali , Mahdavi Abdollah , Mashoufi Mehrnaz , Sarmad Arezoo , Mirghaderi Peyman , Shamsabadi Ahmadreza , Qaderi Kowsar , Mirzapour Pegah , Fakhfouri Amirata , Cheshmekabodi Hadiseh Azadi , Azad Kimia , Bagheri Zargande SeyedAli , Oliaei Shahram , Yousefi Konjdar Parisa , Vahedi Farzin , Noori Tayebeh 
Published: April 2023

Introduction Telemedicine services saw substantial surges in their use during the COVID-19 pandemic due to the lockdowns and characteristics of the pandemic. Therefore, the authors aimed to systematically review the telemedicine services provided during the COVID-19 pandemic and their potential applications. Methods The authors searched PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases on September 14, 2021. Then, the retrieved records underwent two-step title/abstract and full-text screening processes, and the eligible articles were included for qualitative synthesis. Results The review of studies demonstrated that the telephone is listed 38 times, making it the most common technology used in telemedicine. Video conferencing is also mentioned in 29 articles, as well as other technologies: Mobile-health ( n = 15), Virtual reality ( n = 7). According to the findings of the present study, Tele-follow-up ( n = 24), Tele-consulting ( n = 20), Virtual visits (20), and Tele-monitoring ( n = 18) were the most widely used telemedicine applications. Conclusion Telemedicine has been an effective approach to COVID-19 management. Telemedicine technology is going to play a key role in the future of health medicine, patient consultation, and many other extended applications of health care in remote rural locations.
The Impact of Oversizing in Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair on Long-Term Outcomes in Uncomplicated Type B Aortic Dissection: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Xiang Dongqiao , Chai Bin , Huang Jia , Liang Huimin , Liang Bin , Zhao Huangxuan , Zheng Chuansheng 
Published: April 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of oversizing in thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) on early and long-term survival and major adverse events in patients with uncomplicated type B aortic dissection (TBAD). Methods: Between January 2010 and December 2018, 226 patients who were diagnosed with uncomplicated TBAD and received TEVAR were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into ≤5% oversizing (n=153) and >5% oversizing (n=73) groups. Primary end points were all-cause and aortic-related mortalities. Secondary end points were procedure-related complications, including retrograde type A aortic dissection (RTAD), endoleak, distal stent-induced new entry (SINE), and late reintervention. All-cause and aortic-related mortalities were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier survival method, while procedure-related complications were evaluated using a competing risk model with all-cause death as a competing risk. Results: Mean oversizing was 2.1%±1.5% in the ≤5% oversizing group and 9.6%±4.1% in the >5% oversizing group. Differences in the 30-day mortality and adverse events between the 2 groups were statistically insignificant. The freedom from all-cause mortality was comparable between the ≤5% oversizing group and the >5% oversizing group (≤5%: 93.3% at 5 years, >5%: 92.3% at 5 years, p=0.957). No significant difference was observed between both groups in the freedom from aortic-related mortality (≤5%: 95.0% at 5 years, >5%: 96.7% at 5 years, p=0.928). However, the competing risk analyses revealed that the cumulative incidence of RTAD was statistically significantly greater in the >5% oversizing group than in the ≤5% oversizing group (≤5%: 1(0.7%) at 5 years, >5%: 6(6.9%) at 5 years, p=0.007). All RTADs occurred within a year of TEVAR. The differences in the cumulative incidences of type I endoleak, distal SINE, and late reintervention were not significant between the 2 groups. Conclusion: The differences in the 5-year all-cause mortality and aortic-related mortality between patients with uncomplicated TBAD who received TEVAR with ≤5% oversizing and those who got TEVAR with >5% oversizing were insignificant. However, oversizing >5% was considerably associated with an increased risk of RTAD within a year of TEVAR, suggesting that oversizing ≤5% may be the appropriate size for TEVAR in patients with uncomplicated TBAD. Clinical Impact For patients with uncomplicated TBAD, choosing oversizing ≤5% in endovascular treatment is beneficial to reduce the risk of postoperative retrograde type A aortic dissection. This finding provides a basis for stent size selection in endovascular repair. In addition, one year after TEVAR is the main time period for postoperative retrograde type A aortic dissection, and attention should be paid to the management and follow-up of this period.
Long-term Evaluation of Proximal Aortic Neck Dilatation After Endovascular Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair With a Variety of Contemporary Endografts
Authors: Chatzelas Dimitrios A. , Pitoulias Apostolos G. , Loutradis Charalampos N. , Zampaka Theodosia N. , Karkos Christos D. , Christopoulos Dimitrios C. , Pitoulias Georgios A. 
Published: April 2023

Purpose: To measure the long-term proximal aortic neck dilatation (AND) after elective endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) with a variety of contemporary, third-generation, endograft devices. Materials and Methods: This is a noninterventional prospective cohort study of 157 patients that underwent standard EVAR with self-expanding abdominal endografts. Patients’ recruitment lasted from 2013 to 2017, and postoperative follow-up was up to 5 years. A computed tomography angiography (CTA) was performed at the first month and then at 1, 2, and 5 years. Proximal aortic neck’s (PAN) basic morphological characteristics (diameter, length, angulation) were measured based on the analysis of CTA in a standardized fashion. Neck-related adverse events, such as migration, endoleak or rupture, and reinterventions were recorded. Results: Significant straightening of the PAN was evident even in the first-month CTA with concurrent neck shortening that became significant at 5 years. Both the suprarenal aorta and the PAN significantly dilated overtime, with PAN dilating more progressively. Mean neck dilatation at the juxtarenal level was 0.8±0.4 mm at 1 year, 1.8±0.8 mm at 2 years, and 3.9±1.7 mm at 5 years, with a mean neck dilatation rate of 0.07 mm/month overall. The incidence of AND ≥2.5 mm was 37.2% at 2 years and 58.1% at 5 years after EVAR and was considered important (≥5 mm) in 11.5% of patients at 2 years and 30.6% of patients at 5 years. A multivariate analysis performed showed that the endograft oversizing, the preoperative neck diameter, and the preoperative abdominal aortic aneurysm sac diameter served as independent predictors of AND at 5 years. At the 5-year follow-up, 8 late type Ia endoleaks (6.5%) and 7 caudal migrations (5.6%) were identified, while no late ruptures were reported. In total, 11 late endovascular reinterventions (8.9%) were performed. Overall, proximal neck-related adverse outcomes (5/7 migrations and 5/8 endoleaks) and reinterventions (7/11) were significantly associated with the presence of important late AND. Conclusion: Proximal AND after EVAR is common. It can influence the long-term durability of proximal endograft fixation and is significantly associated with adverse outcomes, often leading to reinterventions. A systemic and extended surveillance protocol is needed for maintenance of good long-term results. Clinical Impact This is a thorough and systematic analysis of the long-term geometric remodeling of the proximal aortic neck after EVAR, that highlights the importance of a strict, and extended surveillance protocol for maintenance of good long-term results of EVAR.
The Construction and Validation of a new Predictive Model for Overall Survival of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients with Bone Metastasis Based on Machine Learning Algorithm
Authors: Le Yijun , Xu Wen , Guo Wei 
Published: April 2023

Background This study aimed to develop and validate predictive models based on machine learning (ML) algorithms for patients with bone metastases (BM) from clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and to identify appropriate models for clinical decision-making. Methods In this retrospective study, we obtained information on ccRCC patients diagnosed with bone metastasis (ccRCC-BM), from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2010 to 2015 ( n = 1490), and collected clinicopathological information on ccRCC-BM patients at our hospital ( n = 42). We then applied four ML algorithms: extreme gradient boosting (XGB), logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF), and Naive Bayes model (NB), to develop models for predicting the overall survival (OS) of patients with bone metastasis from ccRCC. In the SEER dataset, 70% of the patients were randomly divided into training cohorts and the remaining 30% were used as validation cohorts. Data from our center were used as an external validation cohort. Finally, we evaluated the model performance using receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC), area under the ROC curve (AUC), accuracy, specificity, and F1-scores. Results The mean survival times of patients in the SEER and Chinese cohort were 21.8 months and 37.0 months, respectively. Age, marital status, grade, T stage, N stage, tumor size, brain metastasis, liver metastasis, lung metastasis, and surgery were included in the ML model. We observed that all four ML algorithms performed well in predicting the 1-year and 3-year OS of patients with ccRCC-BM. Conclusion ML is useful in predicting the survival of patients with ccRCC-BM, and ML models can play a positive role in clinical applications.