bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep learning-based prediction of future myocardial infarction using invasive coronary angiography: a feasibility study
Authors: Mahendiran Thabo , Thanou Dorina , Senouf Ortal , Meier David , Dayer Nicolas , Aminfar Fahrang , Auberson Denise , Raita Omar , Frossard Pascal , Pagnoni Mattia , Cook Stéphane , De Bruyne Bernard , Muller Olivier , Abbé Emmanuel , Fournier Stephane 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundAngiographic parameters can facilitate the risk stratification of coronary lesions but remain insufficient in the prediction of future myocardial infarction (MI).AIMSWe compared the ability of humans, angiographic parameters and deep learning (DL) to predict the lesion that would be responsible for a future MI in a population of patients with non-significant CAD at baseline.MethodsWe retrospectively included patients who underwent invasive coronary angiography (ICA) for MI, in whom a previous angiogram had been performed within 5 years. The ability of human visual assessment, diameter stenosis, area stenosis, quantitative flow ratio (QFR) and DL to predict the future culprit lesion (FCL) was compared.ResultsIn total, 746 cropped ICA images of FCL and non-culprit lesions (NCL) were analysed. Predictive models for each modality were developed in a training set before validation in a test set. DL exhibited the best predictive performance with an area under the curve of 0.81, compared with diameter stenosis (0.62, p=0.04), area stenosis (0.58, p=0.05) and QFR (0.67, p=0.13). DL exhibited a significant net reclassification improvement (NRI) compared with area stenosis (0.75, p=0.03) and QFR (0.95, p=0.01), and a positive nonsignificant NRI when compared with diameter stenosis. Among all models, DL demonstrated the highest accuracy (0.78) followed by QFR (0.70) and area stenosis (0.68). Predictions based on human visual assessment and diameter stenosis had the lowest accuracy (0.58).ConclusionIn this feasibility study, DL outperformed human visual assessment and established angiographic parameters in the prediction of FCLs. Larger studies are now required to confirm this finding.
Non-pharmacological interventions to promote work participation in people with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis from the EULAR taskforce on healthy and sustainable work participation
Authors: Butink Maarten H P , Webers Casper , Verstappen Suzanne M M , Falzon Louise , Betteridge Neil , Wiek Dieter , Woolf Anthony D , Stamm Tanja A , Burmester Gerd R , Bijlsma Johannes W J , Christensen Robin , Boonen Annelies 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveTo summarise the evidence on effectiveness of non-pharmacological (ie, non-drug, non-surgical) interventions on work participation (sick leave, work status and presenteeism) in people with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs).MethodsA systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and longitudinal observational studies (LOS) was performed. Qualitative (RCTs/LOS) and quantitative (RCTs) evidence syntheses were conducted. Mixed-effects restricted maximum likelihood models were used to combine effect estimates, using standardised mean differences (SMDs) as the summary measure for each outcome domain separately, with a negative SMD favouring the intervention over comparator. Subgroup analyses were performed for type of RMD, risk status at baseline regarding adverse work outcomes and intervention characteristics.ResultsOf 10 153 records, 64 studies (37 RCTs and 27 LOS; corresponding tok=71 treatment comparisons) were included. Interventions were mostly conducted in clinical settings (44 of 71, 62%). Qualitative synthesis suggested clear beneficial effects of 7 of 64 (11%) interventions for sick leave, 1 of 18 (6%) for work status and 1 of 17 (6%) for presenteeism. Quantitative synthesis (37 RCTs;k=43 treatment comparisons) suggested statistically significant but only small clinical effects on each outcome (SMDsick leave(95% CI)=−0.23 (−0.33 to −0.13;k=42); SMDwork status=−0.38 (−0.63 to −0.12;k=9); SMDpresenteeism=−0.25 (−0.39 to −0.12;k=13)).ConclusionIn people with RMDs, empirical evidence shows that non-pharmacological interventions have small effects on work participation. Effectiveness depends on contextual factors such as disease, population risk status, intervention characteristics and outcome of interest, highlighting the importance of tailoring interventions.
Trends in smokeless tobacco use and attributable mortality and morbidity in the South-East Asia Region: implications for policy
Authors: Kaur Jagdish , Rinkoo Arvind Vashishta , Richardson Sol 
Published: January 2023

Objectives
To describe the prevalence of smokeless tobacco (SLT) use and number of users by year, in addition to trends in mortality and attributable disease burden in countries of the WHO South-East Asia Region (SEAR), to inform policies for SLT control in the Region.

Methods
For each SEAR country, we obtained data from Global Adult Tobacco Surveys, WHO STEPwise Approach to NCD Risk Factor Surveillance surveys and Demographic and Health Surveys conducted since 2010 to estimate prevalence of SLT use by country, sex and year. Using data from the World Population Prospects database we estimated the number of users by country. Next, using the results of previous meta-analyses and prevalence results, we estimated the population attributable fractions and attributable mortality and morbidity in terms of annual deaths and disability-adjusted life years lost. We then characterised trends in attributable deaths and disease burden for countries with comparable data.

Results
There were wide differences in SLT use prevalence by country. We estimated that, during 2015–2019, there were 165 803 900 SLT users across SEAR, with 479 466 attributable deaths annually of which India accounted for 79.9% with 383 248. Attributable annual deaths increased in some countries during 2015–2019.

Conclusions
Annual deaths and disease burden attributable to SLT remain high across SEAR and have only declined modestly in recent years. Effective implementation of all WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control measures, addressing both supply-side and demand-side issues, in relation to SLT and areca nut products must be prioritised to ensure reductions in mortality and disease burden are sustained and accelerated.
Enhanced Glutaminolysis Drives Hypoxia-Induced Chemoresistance in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Park Seung Joon , Yoo Hee Chan , Ahn Eunyong , Luo Enzhi , Kim Yeabeen , Sung Yulseung , Yu Ya Chun , Kim Kibum , Min Do Sik , Lee Hee Seung , Hwang Geum-Sook , Ahn TaeJin , Choi Junjeong , Bang Seungmin , Han Jung Min 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) exhibits severe hypoxia, which is associated with chemoresistance and worse patient outcome. It has been reported that hypoxia induces metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells. However, it is not well known whether metabolic reprogramming contributes to hypoxia. Here, we established that increased glutamine catabolism is a fundamental mechanism inducing hypoxia, and thus chemoresistance, in PDAC cells. An extracellular matrix component–based in vitro three-dimensional cell printing model with patient-derived PDAC cells that recapitulate the hypoxic status in PDAC tumors showed that chemoresistant PDAC cells exhibit markedly enhanced glutamine catabolism compared with chemoresponsive PDAC cells. The augmented glutamine metabolic flux increased the oxygen consumption rate via mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), promoting hypoxia and hypoxia-induced chemoresistance. Targeting glutaminolysis relieved hypoxia and improved chemotherapy efficacy in vitro and in vivo. This work suggests that targeting the glutaminolysis–OXPHOS–hypoxia axis is a novel therapeutic target for treating patients with chemoresistant PDAC.Significance:Increased glutaminolysis induces hypoxia via oxidative phosphorylation-mediated oxygen consumption and drives chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer, revealing a potential therapeutic strategy of combining glutaminolysis inhibition and chemotherapy to overcome resistance.
Exploration of Tumor Biopsy Gene Signatures to Understand the Role of the Tumor Microenvironment in Outcomes to Lisocabtagene Maraleucel
Authors: Olson N. Eric , Ragan Seamus P. , Reiss David J. , Thorpe Jerill , Kim Yeonhee , Abramson Jeremy S. , McCoy Candice , Newhall Kathryn J. , Fox Brian A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn the TRANSCEND NHL 001 study, 53% of patients with relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) treated with lisocabtagene maraleucel (liso-cel) achieved a complete response (CR). To determine characteristics of patients who did and did not achieve a CR, we examined the tumor biology and microenvironment from lymph node tumor biopsies. LBCL biopsies from liso-cel–treated patients were taken pretreatment and ∼11 days posttreatment for RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF). We analyzed gene expression data from pretreatment biopsies (N = 78) to identify gene sets enriched in patients who achieved a CR to those with progressive disease. Pretreatment biopsies from month-3 CR patients displayed higher expression levels of T-cell and stroma-associated genes, and lower expression of cell-cycle genes. To interpret whether LBCL samples were “follicular lymphoma (FL)–like,” we constructed an independent gene expression signature and found that patients with a higher “FL-like” gene expression score had longer progression-free survival (PFS). Cell of origin was not associated with response or PFS, but double-hit gene expression was associated with shorter PFS. The day 11 posttreatment samples (RNA-seq, N = 73; mIF, N = 53) had higher levels of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell densities and CAR gene expression, general immune infiltration, and immune activation in patients with CR. Further, the majority of T cells in the day 11 samples were endogenous. Gene expression signatures in liso-cel–treated patients with LBCL can inform the development of combination therapies and next-generation CAR T-cell therapies.
Atrial Endocardial Unipolar Voltage Mapping for Detection of Viable Intramural Myocardium: A Proof-of-Concept Study
Authors: Yavin Hagai , Younis Arwa , Zilberman Israel , Krywanczyk Alison , Bubar Zachary P. , Higuchi Koji , Barkagan Michael , Anter Elad 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Endocardial bipolar voltage amplitude is largely derived from endocardial and subendocardial wall layers. This may result in situations of low bipolar voltage amplitude despite the presence of mid-myocardial including epicardial (ie, intramural-epicardial) viable myocardium. This study examined the utility of endocardial unipolar voltage mapping for detection of viable intramural-epicardial atrial myocardium.

Methods:
In 15 swine, an atrial intercaval ablation line with an intentional gap was created. Animals survived for 6 to 8 weeks before electroanatomical mapping followed by sacrifice. Gaps were determined by the presence of electrical conduction and classified based on the histopathologiclly layer(s) of viable myocardium into the following: (1) transmural, (2) endocardial, and (3) intramural-epicardial. Voltage data from healthy, scar, and gap points were exported into excel. The sensitivity and specificity of bipolar and unipolar voltage amplitude to detect intramural-epicardial gaps were compared using receiver operating characteristic analysis.

Results:

In 9 of 15 (60%) swine, a focal ablation gap was detected in the intercaval line, while in the remainder 6 of 15 (40%), the line was complete without gaps. Gaps were classified into transmural (n=3), endocardial (n=3), or intramural-epicardial (n=3). Intramural-epicardial gaps were characterized by very low bipolar voltage amplitude that was similar to areas with transmural scar (
P
=0.91). In comparison, unipolar voltage amplitude in intramural-epicardial gaps was significantly higher compared to transmural scar (
P
<0.001). Unipolar voltage amplitude had higher sensitivity (93% versus 14%, respectively) and similar specificity (95% versus 98%, respectively) to bipolar voltage for detection of intramural-epicardial gaps.

Conclusions:
Atrial unipolar voltage mapping may be a useful technique for identifying viable intramural-epicardial myocardium in patients with endocardial scar.
Electrophysiology, Pathology, and Imaging of Pulsed Field Ablation of Scarred and Healthy Ventricles in Swine
Authors: Kawamura Iwanari , Reddy Vivek Y. , Santos-Gallego Carlos G. , Wang Bingyan J. , Chaudhry Hina W. , Buck Eric D. , Mavroudis George , Jerrell Samantha , Schneider Christopher W. , Speltz Molly , Dukkipati Srinivas R. , Koruth Jacob S. 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Pulsed field ablation (PFA) has recently been shown to penetrate ischemic scar, but details on its efficacy, risk of arrhythmias, and imaging insights are lacking. In a porcine model of myocardial scar, we studied the ability of ventricular PFA to penetrate scarred tissue, induce ventricular arrhythmias, and assess the influence of QRS gating during pulse delivery.

Methods:
Of a total of 6 swine, 5 underwent coronary occlusion and 1 underwent radiofrequency ablation to create infarct scar and iatrogenic scar models, respectively. Two additional swine served as healthy controls. An 8 Fr focal PFA catheter was used to deliver bipolar, biphasic PFA (2.0 kV) lesions guided by electroanatomical mapping, fluoroscopy, and intracardiac echocardiography over both scarred and healthy myocardium. Swine underwent magnetic resonance imaging 2–7 days post-PFA.

Results:

PFA successfully penetrated scar without significant difference in lesion depth between lesion at the infarct border (5.9±1.0 mm, n=41) and healthy myocardium (5.7±1.3 mm, n=26;
P
=0.53). PFA penetration of both infarct and iatrogenic radiofrequency abalation scar was observed in all examined sections. Sustained ventricular arrhythmias requiring defibrillation occurred in 4 of 187 (2.1%) ungated applications, whereas no ventricular arrhythmias occurred during gated PFA applications (0 of 64 [0%]). Dark-blood late-gadolinium–enhanced sequences allowed for improved endocardial border detection as well as lesion boundaries compared with conventional bright-blood late-gadolinium–enhanced sequences.

Conclusions:
PFA penetrates infarct and iatrogenic scar successfully to create deep lesions. Gated delivery eliminates the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias observed with ungated porcine PFA. Optimized magnetic resonance imaging sequences can be helpful in detecting lesion boundaries.
Alternating Early Afterdepolarizations Underlying Bradycardia-Dependent Macroscopic T Wave and Discordant Mechanical Alternans
Authors: Qi Datun , Li Wei , Quan Xiao-Qing , Gao Yuan , Wang Jianyong , Guo Lily , Zhao Wenping , Liu Tong , Gao Chuanyu , Yan Gan-Xin 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Macroscopic T wave alternans (macro-TWA) often heralds the onset of Torsades de Pointes in patients with QT prolongation. However, the mechanisms underlying macro-TWA remain unclear. We examined the cellular and ionic basis for macro-TWA in rabbits with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH).

Methods:

The renovascular hypertension model was used to induce LVH in rabbits. Action potentials were simultaneously recorded from epicardium and endocardium together with a transmural ECG and isometric contractility in arterially perfused left ventricular wedges. Late sodium current (I
Na-L
) was recorded in single-isolated left ventricular myocytes with the whole cell patch-clamp technique.

Results:

Macro-TWA and accompanied mechanical alternans occurred spontaneously in 8 of 33 LVH rabbits (
P
<0.05, versus 0/15 in controls) and were induced by an I
Na-L
enhancer ATX-II at 1 to 3 nM in additional 7. Macro-TWA and mechanical alternans occurred discordantly, that is, that longer QT interval and larger T wave were associated with weaker isometric contvractility. Alternating early afterdepolarizations in the endocardium caused macro-TWA in 12 of 15 LVH rabbits and, therefore, early afterdepolarization-dependent R-from-T extrasystoles and Torsades de Pointes always originated from the beats with longer QT and larger T wave during macro-TWA. I
Na-L
density was significantly larger in LVH myocytes than that of control myocytes. Macro-TWA, mechanical alternans, R-from-T extrasystoles, and Torsades de Pointes were all abolished by I
Na-L
blocker ranolazine or mexiletine.

Conclusions:

LVH enhances I
Na-L
density and promotes alternating early afterdepolarizations in the left ventricular endocardium that manifest as macro-TWA with discordant mechanical alternans. I
Na-L
blockade abolishes macro-TWA, mechanical alternans, early afterdepolarization-dependent R-from-T extrasystoles, and Torsades de Pointes.
Morphology Without Borders: Clause-Level Morphology
Authors: Goldman Omer , Tsarfaty Reut 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Morphological tasks use large multi-lingual datasets that organize words into inflection tables, which then serve as training and evaluation data for various tasks. However, a closer inspection of these data reveals profound cross-linguistic inconsistencies, which arise from the lack of a clear linguistic and operational definition of what is a word, and which severely impair the universality of the derived tasks. To overcome this deficiency, we propose to view morphology as a clause-level phenomenon, rather than word-level. It is anchored in a fixed yet inclusive set of features, that encapsulates all functions realized in a saturated clause. We deliver MightyMorph, a novel dataset for clause-level morphology covering 4 typologically different languages: English, German, Turkish, and Hebrew. We use this dataset to derive 3 clause-level morphological tasks: inflection, reinflection and analysis. Our experiments show that the clause-level tasks are substantially harder than the respective word-level tasks, while having comparable complexity across languages. Furthermore, redefining morphology to the clause-level provides a neat interface with contextualized language models (LMs) and allows assessing the morphological knowledge encoded in these models and their usability for morphological tasks. Taken together, this work opens up new horizons in the study of computational morphology, leaving ample space for studying neural morphology cross-linguistically.
Protestant Replications: The Conversion, Ordination, and Schism of a Zulu Bishop in Colonial Natal
Authors: Hovland Ingie 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This article examines the story of Mbiyana Ngidi and his five-decade conversion career, leading up to his establishment of an Ethiopianist church in 1890 – the first African Initiated Church in the Colony of Natal in Southern Africa. I focus on three events in his life – conversion, ordination, schism – and suggest that one way of reading these events is as different forms of replication: conversion as identification, ordination as imitation, and schism as reproduction. I engage with the idea in the anthropology of Christianity that Protestants desire a certain type of originality and therefore shun repetition. I argue the opposite, namely that Ngidi’s story shows us how Protestants seek out replicated relations.
undrop as an Effort to Protect Farmers Rights in Realizing the Development of a Sustainable World Food System
Authors: Pajrin Rani , Wiwoho Jamal , Imanullah Moch Najib , Pujiyono  
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This article describes the development of a World Food System based on protecting the rights of farmers and people working in rural areas. The development of a world food system is a necessity for countries in the world. The state is obliged to protect the rights of farmers and people working in rural areas by the principles of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasant and Other People Working in Rural Areas (undrop). This article illustrates that sustainable food development must be based on the principles of undrop. As one model of sustainable food development, the author recommends the principles that have been carried out by Indonesia in developing sustainable food such as common goals, holistic, inclusive, local and life cycle, interdependence, environmental systems, natural resources, and sustainability. The regulation in Indonesia after the undrop declaration has begun to regulate and protect the rights of farmers.
Factors Leading to Primary School Dropout in Community Families – the Case of Kosovo
Authors: Gagica Shejnaze , Icka Ejona , Fejza Hajrullah , Uka Xhevat 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction – Education remains the major tool by which people become empowered; unfortunately, the education industry has suffered low completion rates due to several factors exposed in various studies.
Aim – The purpose of this study was to investigate factors contributing to children’s dropout school in Kosovo communities.
Methodology – Open ended questionnaire, face to face interview and document analysis were used as sources of data collection instruments. The researchers visited 3 sample locations in Kosovo with majority of communities’ households to collect required data. The study included 70 children who had dropped out of primary school.
Results – Regarding the factors that have influenced school dropout by children participating in this study it has resulted that school dropout due to abandonment by their peers (30) and dislike of school (27) are the two main factors. Then, in approximately the same percentage (18–20) are listed factors such as: distance from school to home, displacement of parents, bullying by students, inability to register and negligence of parents and the Municipal Directorate of Education.
Conclusions – School dropout due to abandonment by their peers among the children’s participating in the study has turned out to be a dominant factor in school dropout.
Difference Between the Judgment of Short and Long Durations: Estimates of Durations and Judgment of the Passage of Time
Authors: Droit-Volet Sylvie , Hallez Quentin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to examine intra-individual differences in both duration and passage of time (PoT) judgments, and the relationships between them, for a wide range of durations going from a few hundred milliseconds to several minutes. Participants performed a study with a within-subjects design with durations in the milliseconds (200–400 ms), seconds (2–4 s), tens of seconds (20–40 s) and minutes (2–4 min) ranges. For the duration judgments, the results revealed individual differences in temporal accuracy between short durations (<3 s) and long durations (>20 s). In contrast, positive relationships were observed for PoT judgments across the different time scales, except for the millisecond duration. Finally, a significant correlation between duration and PoT judgments appeared in our study only for durations longer than 1 s. Taken together, these results support the temporal taxonomy that distinguishes between the processing of short and long durations, with the latter likely being modulated by memory mechanisms and the awareness of the PoT.