bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antifungal Susceptibility of Oral Candida Isolates From Mother-Infant Dyads to Nystatin, Fluconazole, and Caspofungin.
Authors: Alkhars Naemah A , Gaca Anthony , Zeng Yan , Al-Jallad Nisreen , Rustchenko Elena , Wu Tong Tong , Eliav Eli , Xiao Jin 
Published: April 2023

The carriage of Candida albicans in children&#039;s oral cavities is associated with a higher risk for early childhood caries, so controlling this fungus in early life is essential for preventing caries. In a prospective cohort of 41 mothers and their children from 0-2 years of age, this study addressed 4 main objectives: 1) Evaluate in vitro the antifungal agent susceptibility of oral Candida isolates from the mother-child cohort, 2) Compare Candida susceptibility between isolates from the mothers and children; 3) Assess longitudinal changes in the susceptibility of the isolates collected between 0-2 years; and 4) Detect mutations in C. albicans antifungal resistance genes. Susceptibility to antifungal medications was tested by in vitro broth microdilution and expressed as minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). C. albicans clinical isolates were sequenced by whole genome sequencing, and the genes related to antifungal resistance, ERG3, ERG11, CDR1, CDR2, MDR1, and FKS1, were assessed. Four Candida spp (n=126) were isolated: C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, C. dubliniensis, and C. lusitaniae. Caspofungin was the most active drug for oral Candida, followed by fluconazole and nystatin. Two missense mutations in the CDR2 gene were shared among C. albicans isolates resistant to nystatin. Most of the children’s C. albicans isolates had MIC values similar to those from their mothers, and 70% remained stable to antifungal medications from 0-2 years. For caspofungin, 29% of the children’s isolates showed an increase in MIC values from 0-2 years. Results of the longitudinal cohort indicated that clinically used oral nystatin was ineffective in reducing the carriage of C. albicans in children; novel antifungal regimens in infants are needed for better oral yeast control.
Magnetovariational Sounding in South Vietnam according to the Dalat Observatory Data
Authors: Starzhinskii S.S. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
—This paper describes a three-dimensional inversion of magnetovariational tippers calculated for the Dalat observatory in South Vietnam on the basis of the geomagnetic variation records obtained from the INTERMAGNET network. The frequency dependences of the tippers are inverted using the ModEM software, which makes it possible to construct a geoelectric model of the Dalat zone in a 300 × 300 × 150-km spatial region (x, y, and z axes, respectively) with its center located at the observatory. The resulting model of the geoelectric section contains both surface and deep conductive blocks located at the top and bottom of the Earth’s crust and in the upper mantle. The central part of the upper local conducting block with a resistivity of 0.5–1.0 Ohm⋅m is located near the observatory at a depth of 12–14 km. A more massive conductive block is located to the east of the observatory in the coastal region. Its central part with a resistivity of 0.3 Ohm⋅m is located at a depth of 24–28 km and extends under the continent along the coast for about 80 km. The roots of this block are visible to depths of ~100 km in the South China Sea shelf region. It is assumed that the high electrical conductivity of these blocks is provided by melting in the presence of aqueous fluids and granite series rocks, which are widely distributed in the Dalat zone. The crystallization depths of the samples of these granites estimated from the geothermobarometry data are close to the depth intervals of conductive blocks in the model section, which was also observed in the interpretation of magnetotelluric soundings in Southern Tibet, where granitoid rocks are widespread.
Tissue distribution and correlations of heavy metals in wild birds from Southern Turkey: an ecologically important region on the west Palearctic migration route
Authors: Yipel Mustafa , TEKELİ İbrahim Ozan , İŞLER Cafer Tayer , ALTUĞ Muhammed Enes 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Even if some are essential for biological functions, the accumulation of heavy metals above tolerable physiological limits is potentially toxic to also wild animals. The present study aimed to investigate concentrations of environmentally relevant heavy metals (As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Pb, and Zn) in feathers, muscle, heart, kidney, and liver tissues of wild birds (golden eagle [Aquila chrysaetos], sparrowhawk [Accipiter nisus], and white stork [Ciconia ciconia]) from Hatay province, southern Turkey. The metal concentrations of tissues were determined by a validated ICP-OES analysis method after microwave digestion. The concentration differences of metals in species/tissues and the correlations between essential/non-essential metals were determined by statistical analysis. According to the results, Fe (326.87 ± 3.60 mg kg− 1) had the highest, and Hg (0.09 ± 0.00 mg kg− 1) had the lowest mean concentration in all tissues. Compared to the literature; Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn concentrations were lower; Cd, Fe, and Mn concentrations were higher. The correlations between As and all essentials; Cd and Cu, Fe; Hg and Cu, Fe, Zn; Pb and all essentials were significantly positive. In the conclusion, while essential Cu, Fe, and Zn are below the threshold value and do not pose a risk, Mn is close to the threshold value. Therefore, periodically monitoring the pollutant concentrations in bioindicators is a key necessity for the early determination of biomagnification trends and prevention of potential toxic stress on wildlife ecology.
MEsh FIxation in Laparoendsocopic Repair of Large M3 Inguinal Hernias - Multicenter, Double-blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial – study protocol for a MEFI Trial
Authors: Zamkowski Mateusz , Śmietański Maciej 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
• Background
Guidelines of groin hernia treatment strongly recommends to fixate the mesh in large M3 medial defects during TAPP / TEP procedures. Main purpose of fixation is to decrease recurrence rate which is alarmingly high in case of those defects. In 2022 team consisting of hernia surgeons and scientists from universities of technology conducted an experimental study with the use of 3d groin model to verify the hypothesis that fixation is not necessary in above cases. Experiment showed that rigid and anatomically shaped meshes are able to maintain its position in groin without fixation. Similar conclusions were recently published in Swedish database registry analysis. To confirm above results we decided to conduct multicenter randomized controlled trial..
• Methods
Main objective of MEFI Trial is to verify the hypothesis that non-fixation of spatial, standard polypropylene meshes is non-inferior to fixation of flat, polypropylene lightweight meshes in M3 hernias by laparoendoscopic approach. 11 large surgery centers in Poland having proficiency in laparoendoscopic groin hernia repairs were recruited for this study. Recurrence in 12-month follow-up was set as a primary endpoint. Pain sensation (Visual Analog Scale) and incidence of other complications (hematoma, seroma, SSI) were also noted. Based on the statistical analysis, minimal sample size in both arms was established at 83–102. First arm (control) consists of patients undergoing a repair with the use of flat, macroporous mesh with fixation using histoacryl glue. In second arm patients will be operated with the use of anatomically shaped, standard-weight mesh without fixation. Study will be double-blinded (patient/surgeon). After dissection of preperitoneal space, surgeon will open sealed envelope and find out which technique he will have to perform. Follow-up will be performed by Study Secretary (also blinded to method used) via phone call 3 and 12-months after surgery..
• Discussion
Based on experimental study and recent registry analysis, we believe that recurrence rate in both groups would be on the same level, giving hernia societies strong argument for amending the guidelines..
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05678465 registered on January 10, 2023
General Skin and Nasal Decolonization with octenisan® Set before and after Elective Orthopedic Surgery in Selected Patients at Elevated Risk for Revision Surgery and Surgical Site Infections - A Single-Center, Unblinded, Superiority, Randomized-Controlled Trial (BALGDEC Trial)
Authors: Unterfrauner Ines , Bragatto-Hess Nadja , Studhalter Thorsten , Farshad Mazda , Uçkay Ilker 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The preoperative body surface and nasal decolonization may reduce the risk of surgical site infections (SSI), but yields conflicting results in the current orthopedic literature.
Methods
We perform a single-center, randomized-controlled, superiority trial in favor of the preoperative decolonization using a commercial product (octenidin® set). We will randomize a total number of 1,000 adult elective orthopedic patients with a high risk for SSI and/or wound complications (age ≥ 80 years, chronic immune-suppression, American Society of Anesthesiologists’-Score 3–4 points) between a decolonization (octenisan® wash lotion 1 x per day and octenisan® md nasal gel 2–3 x per day; during five days) and no decolonization. Decolonized patients will additionally fill a questionnaire regarding the practical difficulties, the completeness, and the adverse events of decolonization. The primary outcomes are SSI and revision surgeries for postoperative wound problems until six weeks postoperatively (or 1 year for surgeries with implants or bone). Secondary outcomes are unplanned revision surgeries for non-infectious problems and all adverse events. With 95% event-free surgeries in the decolonization arm versus 90% in the control arm, we formally need 2 x 474 elective orthopedic surgeries included during two years.
Discussion
In selected adult orthopedic patients with a high risk for SSI, the presurgical decolonization may reduce postoperative wound problems, including SSI.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrial.gov NCT05647252. Registered on 9 December 2022.
Protocol version
2 (5 December 2022)
FP receptor structures reveal the selectivity mechanism of prostaglandin
Authors: Liu Xiangyu , Lv Xiuqing , Gao Kaixuan , Nie Jia , Zhang Xin , Zhang Shuhao , Ren Yinhang , Sun Xiaoou , Li Qi , Huang Jingrui , Liu Lijuan , Zhang Xiaowen , Zhang Weishe 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Prostaglandins and their receptors regulate various physiological processes, such as cardiovascular homeostasis, body temperature control and female production. Carboprost, an analog of prostaglandin F2α and an agonist for the prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor (FP receptor), is clinically used to treat postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), which is a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. However, off-target activation of closely related receptors such as the EP3 receptor by carboprost results in side effects and limits the clinical application. Meanwhile, the FP receptor selective agonist latanoprost is not suitable to treat PPH due to its poor solubility and fast clearance. In this work, we determined two cryo-EM structures of the FP receptor bound to carboprost and latanoprost at 2.7 Å and 3.2 Å resolution, respectively. The structures reveal the molecular mechanism of FP receptor selectivity for both endogenous prostaglandins and clinical drugs, as well as the molecular mechanism of G protein coupling preference by the prostaglandin receptors. The structural information may guide the development of better prostaglandin drugs.
The Japanese nationwide cohort data of proton beam therapy for liver oligometastasis in breast cancer patients
Authors: Yamaguchi Hisashi , Fukumitsu Nobuyoshi , Numajiri Haruko , Ogino Hiroyuki , Okimoto Tomoaki , Ogino Takashi , Suzuki Motohisa , Murayama Shigeyuki 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose: A nationwide multicenter cohort study on particle therapy was launched by the Japanese Society for Radiation Oncology in Japan in May 2016. We analyzed the outcome of proton beam therapy (PBT) for liver oligometastasis in breast cancers.
Methods: Cases in which PBT was performed at all Japanese proton therapy facilities between May 2016 and February 2019 were enrolled. The patients were selected based on the following criteria: the primary cancer was controlled, liver recurrence without extrahepatic tumors, and no more than three liver lesions.
Results: Fourteen females with a median age of 57 (range, 44–73) years and twenty-two lesions were included. The median lesion size, fraction size, and biological effective dose (BED)10 were 44 (20–130) mm, 6.6 (2-8) gray (Gy) (relative biological effectiveness [RBE])/fraction (fr), and 109.6 (52.7-115.2) Gy, respectively. The median follow-up period was 22.8 (4-54) months. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year local control (LC) rates of liver metastasis from breast cancer were 100% for all. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year overall survival rates were 85.7%, 62.5%, and 62.5%, respectively. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year progression free survival (PFS) rates were 50.0%, 33.3%, and 16.7%, respectively. The median PFS time was 16 months. Only one patient did not complete PBT due to current disease progression. One patient had grade 3 radiation-induced dermatitis. None of the patients experienced radiation-induced liver failure during the acute or late phase.
Conclusions: Owing to the low incidence of adverse events and the high LC rate, PBT appears to be a feasible option for liver oligometastasis in breast cancers.
Ferrimagnetic Regulation of Weyl Fermions in a Noncentrosymmetric Magnetic Weyl Semimetal
Authors: Li Cong , Zhang Jianfeng , Wang Yang , Liu Hongxiong , Guo Qinda , Rienks Emile , Chen Wanyu , Bertran Francois , Yang Huancheng , Phuyal Dibya , Fedderwitz Hanna , Balasubramanian Thiagarajan , Dendzik Maciej , Berntsen Magnus H. , Shi Youguo , Xiang Tao , Tjernberg Oscar 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The study of interaction between electromagnetism and elementary particles is a long-standing topic in physics. Likewise, the connection between particle physics and emergent phenomena in condensed matter physics is a recurring theme and condensed matter physics has often provided a platform for investigating the interplay between particles and fields in cases that have not been observed in high-energy physics, so far. Here, using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we provide a new example of this by visualizing the electronic structure of a noncentrosymmetric magnetic Weyl semimetal candidate NdAlSi in both the paramagnetic and ferrimagnetic states. We observe surface Fermi arcs and bulk Weyl fermion dispersion as well as the regulation of Weyl fermions by ferrimagnetism. Our results establish NdAlSi as a magnetic Weyl semimetal and provide the first experimental observation of ferrimagnetic regulation of Weyl fermions in condensed matter.
The Effect of War on Health Institutions of Eastern Tigray Zone, Tigray State, Ethiopia
Authors: Tekulu Fikre Belay , Gebre Haftom Teshale , Hailu Hagos Gebremariam , Asgedom Desalegn Birhane , Desta Gebretsadikan Mulubrhan , Shifare Tsigab Hagos , Hadigu Tadesse Birhane 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the impact of war on damage to health facilities in the Eastern Tigray Zone. The study used both quantitative and qualitative methods such as questionnaires, interviews, focus group discussions, and observations used for data collection. A simple random sample was used to select participants. The study found that 97.9 percent of households surveyed believe the impact of war on healthcare facilities is high to very high. The study used a linear regression model. The result shows a statistically significant and war-declared 55.8 percent of the observed damage to healthcare facilities. Of 177 healthcare facilities, 29 (16.4 percent) and 118 (66.66 percent) respectively faced severe or total losses. This suggests that 83 percent of the East Zones' health systems were damaged. This damage to health facilities has taken a toll on the health system at the zone level. Therefore, the government and affected people should contribute to the reconstruction and restoration of health facilities and ensure national security (economic, political, social, and other security)
Transcriptome sequencing and metabolome analysis reveal metabolic reprogramming of partial hepatectomy and extended hepatectomy
Authors: Li Zeyuan , Peng Bo , Chen Shilian , Li Jiaping , Hu Kai , Liao Lijuan , Xie Qiuli , Yao Mei , liang Lixing , Tomlinson Stephen , Yuan Guandou , He Songqing 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Surgical resection remains a critical treatment option for many patients with primary and secondary hepatic neoplasms. Extended hepatectomy (eHx) may be required for some patients with large tumors, which may cause liver failure and individual death. Partial hepatectomy (pHx) and eHx mouse models were constructed, liver tissues were sampled at 18, 36, and 72 h post-hepatectomy, transcriptome and metabolome analyses were employed to find the differences in regeneration and injury between pHx and eHx. The results showed that eHx was associated with more severe liver injury and lower survival rates compared with pHx. Compared with the sham groups, transcriptomics data showed there were 1842, 2129, and 1277 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in eHx and 962, 1305, and 732 DEGs in pHx at 18, 36, and 72 h post-hepatectomy, respectively. Compared with pHx, the number of DEGs reached a maximum of 230 at 18 h after surgery and decreased sequentially to 87 and 43 at 36 h and 72 h. Metabolomics analysis identified a total of 1399 metabolites, and 48 significant differentially produced metabolites (DPMs) were screened between eHx and pHx. Combined analysis of DEGs and DPMs indicated that cholesterol metabolism and insulin resistance may be two important pathways to liver regeneration and mouse survival post-extended hepatectomy. Our results showed the global influence of pHx and eHx on the transcriptome and metabolome in mouse liver, as both cholesterol metabolism and insulin resistance pathways were altered both at the transcriptional and metabolic levels between pHx and eHx groups.
Meta-analysis of the effect of high-intensity statin on coronary microvascular dysfunction
Authors: Huang Bihan , Han Xueying , Pan Yun , Chen Dongdong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the role of high-intensity statin pretreatment on coronary microvascular dysfunction in patients with coronary heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: PubMed, Cochrane and Embase were searched. This meta-analysis selection included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), involving high-intensity statin pretreatment as active treatment, and measurement of thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI), myocardial blush grade (MBG) or index of microvascular resistance (IMR) in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients undergoing PCI. I 2 test was used to evaluate heterogeneity. Pooled effects of continuous variables were reported as Standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Pooled effects of discontinuous variables were reported as risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Random-effect or fix-effect meta-analyses were performed. Benefit was further examined based on clinical characteristics including diagnosis and statin type by using subgroup analyses. Publication bias was examined by quantitative Egger’s test and funnel plot. We performed sensitivity analyses to examine the robustness of pooled effects.
Results: Twenty RCTs were enrolled. The data on TIMI ＜ 3 was reported in 18 studies. Comparing with non-high-intensity statin, high-intensity statin pretreatment significantly improved TIMI after PCI (RR=0.62， 95%CI： 0.50 to 0.78， P＜0.0001). The data on MBG＜2 was reported in 3 studies. The rate of MBG＜2 was not different between groups (RR=1.29，95% CI： 0.87 to 1.93，P=0.21). The data on IMR was reported in 2 studies. High-dose statin pretreatment significantly improved IMR after PCI comparing with non-high-dose statin (SMD=-0.94，95% CI：-1.47 to-0.42，P=0.0004). There were no significant between-subgroup differences in subgroups based on statin type and diagnosis. Publication bias was not indicated by using quantitative Egger’s test (P=0.97) and funnel plot. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings.
Conclusions: Comparing with non-high-intensity statin, high-intensity statin pretreatment significantly improved TIMI and IMR after PCI. In the future, RCTs with high quality and large sample are needed to test these endpoints.
Association between internet addiction and suicide and self-injury behavior in Chinese adolescents: A meta-analysis
Authors: He Xubin , Yu Qinyao , Yang Bo , Yang Ping , Du Na , Yue Yuchuan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Internet addiction (IA) has become a significant social issue, with studies indicating a correlation between adolescent suicide, self-injury, and IA. However, the nature of this correlation among Chinese teenagers remains unclear. This research aimed to clarify the relationships between IA and suicidal and self-injury behaviors among Chinese adolescents through a meta-analysis of observational studies.
Methods: We searched seven electronic databases from inception to January 16, 2023. Study quality was assessed by the AHRQ and the NOS. We extracted the effect values (OR) of IA and suicide, and self-injury behaviors using STATA (version 16) software for data synthesis.
Results: Out of 836 initial studies, 26 cross-sectional (n = 376742) and two prospective (n = 1831) studies were selected to examine the association between IA and suicide and self-injury behaviors in Chinese adolescents. IA was significantly linked to increased odds of suicidal ideation (OR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.46-2.24), suicide planning (OR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.36-2.52), suicide attempt (OR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.34-2.36), and non-suicidal self-injury (OR = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.58-2.31). Subgroup analysis suggested that regional differences, age, and publication year may regulate the association between IA and non-suicidal self-injury behavior. The study found that western China had the highest risk of non-suicidal self-injury, and middle school students were more vulnerable than college students. Moreover, teenagers with IA were found to be at a higher risk of non-suicidal self-injury over time. Additionally, age was identified as a significant moderator of the association between IA and suicidal ideation, with a lower likelihood of suicidal ideation in middle school students compared to college students.
Conclusion: This meta-analysis provides evidence of a positive association between IA and suicidal and self-injury behaviors among Chinese adolescents. It emphasizes the need for public health interventions that target IA and related mental health issues in this population.