bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does global value chain participation improve firm productivity? A study of selectedASEANdeveloping countries
Authors: Baek Youngmin , Urata Shujiro 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of local firms’ participation in global value chains (GVCs) on productivity by considering three different patterns of GVC participation. We conducted a DID‐PSM estimation involving three countries, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam, and 17 manufacturing sectors in 2009 and 2015 in a panel framework. We found an endogenous relationship between firm productivity and GVC participation: firms that enter GVCs have high productivity before participating in the GVCs (selection effect), and only Indonesian firms that entered GVCs had high productivity growth after joining GVCs (learning effect). These two effects were only found for firms that both import intermediate goods and export output and not for firms that only either import or export. We also found that indirect exporting does not improve a local firm's productivity. Several recommendations are made to help firms and governments facilitate the participation of firms in GVCs.
Understanding the link between subsidiary CEOs and corporate social responsibility in emerging markets: Moderating role of social capital
Authors: Ferraris Alberto , Golgeci Ismail , Arslan Ahmad , Santoro Gabriele 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper analyzes the interlink among managerial experience, capabilities, and social capital in relation to corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities of multinational enterprises' (MNEs) subsidiaries in an emerging market context. Based on the empirical sample of 104 subsidiaries of 28 Italian MNEs operating in India, we found that CEO managerial capabilities are positively associated with CSR activities. However, interestingly, our findings also show that subsidiary CEO (managerial) experience is negatively associated with CSR activities in emerging markets. Therefore, our study is one of the few that highlights the negative repercussions of experience in the context of CSR activities in emerging markets. Moreover, our findings show that while social capital alleviates the negative influences of CEO experience on CSR activities, it does not enhance the role of CEO managerial capabilities in CSR activities. As such, our study contributes to research on business ethics with a focus on sustainable development in business.
Blinatumomab differentially modulates peripheral blood and bone marrow immune cell repertoire: A Campus ALL study
Authors: Ocadlikova Darina , Lussana Federico , Fracchiolla Nicola , Bonifacio Massimiliano , Santoro Lidia , Delia Mario , Chiaretti Sabina , Pasciolla Crescenza , Cignetti Alessandro , Forghieri Fabio , Grimaldi Francesco , Corradi Giulia , Zannoni Letizia , De Propris Stefania , Borleri Gian Maria , Tanasi Ilaria , Vadakekolathu Jayakumar , Rutella Sergio , Guarini Anna Rita , Foà Robin , Curti Antonio ,   the Campus ALL
Published: September 2023

SummaryBlinatumomab is the first bi‐specific T‐cell engager approved for relapsed or refractory B‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B‐ALL). Despite remarkable clinical results, the effects of blinatumomab on the host immune cell repertoire are not fully elucidated. In the present study, we characterized the peripheral blood (PB) and, for the first time, the bone marrow (BM) immune cell repertoire upon blinatumomab treatment. Twenty‐nine patients with B‐ALL received blinatumomab according to clinical practice. Deep multiparametric flow cytometry was used to characterize lymphoid subsets during the first treatment cycle. Blinatumomab induced a transient redistribution of PB effector T‐cell subsets and Treg cells with a persistent increase in cytotoxic NK cells, which was associated with a transient upregulation of immune checkpoint receptors on PB CD4 and CD8 T‐cell subpopulations and of CD39 expression on suppressive Treg cells. Of note, BM immune T‐cell subsets showed a broader post‐treatment subversion, including the modulation of markers associated with a T‐cell‐exhausted phenotype. In conclusion, our study indicates that blinatumomab differentially modulates the PB and BM immune cell repertoire, which may have relevant clinical implications in the therapeutic setting.
Navigating entangled terrain: The Supreme Court's impact and the dismissal powers of human rights tribunals
Authors: Said David 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe human rights justice system is a politically and legally complex area to navigate with legislative changes and judicial decisions shaping the administration and governance of human rights policies. This article provides a comprehensive examination of the complexities and intricacies of this system by measuring the impact of judicial rulings on the discretionary decision‐making of the Ontario Human Rights Tribunal (HRTO). The impact of the Supreme Court of Canada's relevant jurisprudence inFigliolaandPenneron the HRTO's discretionary powers to dismiss claims pursuant to section 45.1 of the Ontario Human Rights Code is measured by examining the outcomes of decisions made by the Tribunal. The article presents new empirical data on all early dismissal decisions (N = 1479) from 2008 to 2021 and demonstrates the effects of the Supreme Court's rulings inFigliolaandPenner. The findings in this article reveal that bothFigliolaandPennerhad significant impacts on the Tribunal's discretionary decision‐making powers.
YTHDF2 promotes gallbladder cancer progression and gemcitabine resistance via m6A‐dependent DAPK3 degradation
Authors: Bai Xuesong , Chen Jiemin , Zhang Wenqin , Zhou Shengnan , Dong Liangbo , Huang Jianhao , He Xiaodong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractN6‐methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant internal modification in eukaryotic RNA and involved in the carcinogenesis of various malignancies. However, the functions and mechanisms of m6A in gallbladder cancer (GBC) remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the role and underlying mechanism of the RNA‐binding protein YT521‐B homology domain‐containing family protein 2 (YTHDF2), an m6A reader, in GBC. Herein, we detected that YTHDF2 was remarkably upregulated in GBC tissues compared to normal gallbladder tissues. Functionally, YTHDF2 overexpression promoted the proliferation, tumor growth, migration, and invasion of GBC cells while inhibiting the apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Conversely, YTHDF2 knockdown induced opposite results. Mechanistically, we further investigated the underlying mechanism by integrating RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (RIP‐seq), m6A‐modified RIP‐seq, and RNA sequencing, which revealed that death‐associated protein kinase 3 (DAPK3) is a direct target of YTHDF2. YTHDF2 binds to the 3′‐UTR of DAPK3 mRNA and facilitates its degradation in an m6A‐dependent manner. DAPK3 inhibition restores the tumor‐suppressive phenotype induced by YTHDF2 deficiency. Moreover, the YTHDF2/DAPK3 axis induces the resistance of GBC cells to gemcitabine. In conclusion, we reveal the oncogenic role of YTHDF2 in GBC, demonstrating that YTHDF2 increases the mRNA degradation of the tumor suppressor DAPK3 in an m6A‐dependent way, which promotes GBC progression and desensitizes GBC cells to gemcitabine. Our findings provide novel insights into potential therapeutic strategies for GBC.
High‐dose rate endorectal brachytherapy for rectal cancer: A state‐of‐the‐art review
Authors: Cheng Tian , Peng Ran , Qu Ang , Wang Hao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRectal cancer is a common malignancy that requires multidisciplinary treatment. By utilizing the dose–response relationship in rectal cancer radiotherapy, increasing the radiotherapy dose can improve clinical complete remission rates. High‐dose rate endorectal brachytherapy (HDREBT) is a novel technique that delivers high doses of radiotherapy directly to the tumor via an endorectal applicator, sparing the adjacent normal tissues from excessive radiation exposure. HDREBT includes contact X‐ray brachytherapy and high‐dose‐rate intracavitary brachytherapy. We introduce the latest developments in applicators and imaging techniques for HDREBT in rectal cancer and summarize the current evidence on the efficacy, safety, and feasibility of HDREBT as a neoadjuvant, definitive, or palliative treatment option for all stages of rectal cancer patients. We also discuss the potential advantages and challenges of HDREBT in achieving organ preservation and improving the quality of life of rectal cancer patients. HDREBT has shown promising results in achieving high complete response rates, enabling nonoperative management, improving organ preservation rates, and providing effective palliation in rectal cancer patients. More studies are needed to optimize its dose and fractionation schemes in different clinical scenarios.
Anthropogenic disturbance driving population decline of a dominant tree in East Asia evergreen broadleaved forests over the last 11,000 years
Authors: Qin Sheng‐Yuan , Zuo Zheng‐Yu , Xu Shuang‐Xiu , Liu Jie , Yang Feng‐Mao , Luo Ya‐Huang , Ye Jun‐Wei , Zhao Yao , Rong Jun , Liu Bing , Ma Peng‐Fei , Li De‐Zhu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCurrent biodiversity loss is generally considered to have been caused by anthropogenic disturbance, but it is unclear when anthropogenic activities began to affect biodiversity loss. One hypothesis suggests it began with the Industrial Revolution, whereas others propose that anthropogenic disturbance has been associated with biodiversity decline since the early Holocene. To test these hypotheses, we examined the unique vegetation of evergreen broadleaved forests (EBLFs) in East Asia, where humans have affected landscapes since the early Holocene. We adopted a genomic approach to infer the demographic history of a dominant tree (Litsea elongata) of EBLFs. We used Holocene temperature and anthropogenic disturbance factors to calculate the correlation between these variables and the historical effective population size of L. elongata with Spearman statistics and integrated the maximum‐entropy niche model to determine the impact of climate change and anthropogenic disturbance on fluctuation in its effective population size. We identified 9 well‐defined geographic clades for the populations of L. elongata. Based on the estimated historical population sizes of these clades, all the populations contracted, indicating persistent population decline over the last 11,000 years. Demographic history of L. elongata and human population change, change in cropland use, and change in irrigated rice area were significantly negatively correlated, whereas climate change in the Holocene was not correlated with demographic history. Our results support the early human impact hypothesis and provide comprehensive evidence that early anthropogenic disturbance may contribute to the current biodiversity crisis in East Asia.
Valproic acid treatment attenuates cisplatin‐induced kidney injury by suppressing proximal tubular cell damage
Authors: Yoshioka Toshihiko , Goda Mitsuhiro , Kanda Masaya , Itobayashi Sayuri , Sugimoto Yugo , Izawa‐Ishizawa Yuki , Yagi Kenta , Aizawa Fuka , Miyata Koji , Niimura Takahiro , Hamano Hirofumi , Sakurada Takumi , Zamami Yoshito , Ishizawa Keisuke 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCisplatin treatment is effective against several types of carcinomas. However, it frequently leads to kidney injury, which warrants effective prevention methods. Sodium valproic acid is a prophylactic drug candidate with a high potential for clinical application against cisplatin‐induced kidney injury. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to elucidate the mechanism underlying the prophylactic effect of valproic acid on cisplatin‐induced kidney injury in a mouse model and HK2 and PODO cells with cisplatin‐induced toxicity. In the mouse model of cisplatin‐induced kidney injury, various renal function parameters and tubular damage scores were worsened by cisplatin, but they were significantly improved upon combination with valproic acid. No difference was observed in cisplatin accumulation between the cisplatin‐treated and valproic acid‐treated groups in whole blood and the kidneys. The mRNA expression levels of proximal tubular damage markers, apoptosis markers, and inflammatory cytokines significantly increased in the cisplatin group 72 h after cisplatin administration but significantly decreased upon combination with valproic acid. In HK2 cells, a human proximal tubular cell line, the cisplatin‐induced decrease in cell viability was significantly suppressed by co‐treatment with valproic acid. Valproic acid may inhibit cisplatin‐induced kidney injury by suppressing apoptosis, inflammatory responses, and glomerular damage throughout the kidneys by suppressing proximal tubular cell damage. However, prospective controlled trials need to evaluate these findings before their practical application.
Geographische Unterschiede zwischen städtischem und ländlichem Raum beim Risiko für atopische Dermatitis: Systematischer Review und Meta‐Analyse
Authors: Shin Jun‐Oh , Kim Kihun , Kim Hoon‐Soo , Ko Hyun‐Chang , Kim Byungsoo , Kim Moon‐Bum , Shin Kihyuk , Kim Yun Hak 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungDie atopische Dermatitis ist die häufigste chronisch‐entzündliche Hauterkrankung im Kindesalter. Einige Studien kamen zu dem Ergebnis, das Risiko für diese Erkrankung sei im städtischen Raum höher als im ländlichen. Wir haben die verfügbaren Studien systematisch untersucht und eine Meta‐Analyse durchgeführt, um Unterschiede im Risiko für atopische Dermatitis zwischen städtischem und ländlichem Raum zu erkennen. Die Suche in den Datenbanken Embase und MEDLINE wurde am 19. April 2021 durchgeführt. Einschlusskriterium war das Stichwort “Beobachtungsstudie”. Wir haben außerdem Subgruppenanalysen bezüglich Patientenalter, Publikationsjahr und Land durchgeführt. Insgesamt wurden bei der Datenbanksuche 2115 Studien aufgefunden, von denen letztlich 43 Studien mit insgesamt 1 728 855 Patienten in die Meta‐Analyse eingeschlossen wurden. Ein Wohnsitz im städtischen Raum war mit einem erhöhten Risiko für atopische Dermatitis assoziiert; die Odds Ratio war 1,56 (95 %‐Konfidenzintervall 1,43–1,71). Dieses signifikant erhöhte Risiko war nur bei Kindern zu beobachten (Odds Ratio 1,55, 95 %‐Konfidenzintervall 1,39–1,73), nicht jedoch bei Erwachsenen. Hier betrug die Odds Ratio 1,29 (95 %‐Konfidenzintervall 0,99–1,67). Das Risiko für atopische Dermatitis ist in den letzten Jahrzehnten angestiegen, wobei das Risiko in Entwicklungsländern mit einer Odds Ratio von 1,95 höher liegt als in Industrieländern (Odds Ratio 1,35). Unsere Studie bestätigt die Assoziation zwischen atopischer Dermatitis und dem Wohnsitz im städtischen gegenüber dem ländlichen Raum.
Die Wirkung von Mogamulizumab auf die aberrante T‐Zell‐Population im peripheren Blut – eine monozentrische retrospektive Analyse
Authors: Gosmann Janika , Bielefeld Annette , Schmitz Franz‐Josef , Schaper‐Gerhardt Katrin , Gutzmer Ralf , Stadler Rudolf 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungHintergrundDie Wirkung von Mogamulizumab bei kutanen T‐Zell‐Lymphomen (CTCL) auf die T‐Zellen (TZ) im peripheren Blut und deren potenzielle Rolle bei der Steuerung von Behandlungsintervallen wird noch erforscht.MethodikWir untersuchten in einer retrospektiven monozentrischen Analyse die Wirkung von Mogamulizumab auf die CD3+ TZ und die aberrante T‐Zellpopulation (TZP), CD4+/CD7– und die CD4+/CD26– TZ, die mittels Durchflusszytometrie analysiert wurden.ErgebnisseDreizehn Patienten mit CTCL wurden eingeschlossen. Nach vier Zyklen kam es zu einer durchschnittlichen Reduktion der CD3+ TZ um 57%, der CD4+/CD7− um 72% und der CD4+/CD26− TZ um 75% im Vergleich zum individuellen Ausgangswert eines jeden Patienten. Die Reduktionen der CD4+/CD7+ und CD4+/CD26+ TZ fielen mit durchschnittlich 54% und 41% geringer aus. Ein signifikanter Rückgang der aberranten TZP war bereits nach der ersten Infusion zu beobachten. Ein medianes Plateau der TZP trat bereits während der Induktionsphase ein. Bei 5/13 Patienten kam es zu einem Progress der Erkrankung, ohne dass eine eindeutige Korrelation mit der aberranten TZP bestand.SchlussfolgerungenBereits nach einer Gabe Mogamulizumab reduzierte sich die aberrante TZP und – in geringerem Maße – die normale TZP. Wir konnten keine eindeutige Korrelation der TZP mit der Wirksamkeit von Mogamulizumab beobachten. Es werden weitere Untersuchungen mit einer größeren Anzahl von Patienten benötigt.
Safety and efficacy of endoscopic ultrasound‐guided radiofrequency ablation for pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Khoury Tawfik , Sbeit Wisam , Fusaroli Pietro , Campana Davide , Brighi Nicole , Napoleon Bertrand , Lisotti Andrea 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveEndoscopic ultrasound‐guided radiofrequency ablation (EUS‐RFA) has been constantly increasing, particularly in the treatment of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs). While emerging data in this field are accumulating, we aimed to assess the pooled efficacy and safety of EUS‐RFA for pNENs.MethodsThe PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases search was conducted to identify studies reporting EUS‐RFA of pNENs with outcomes of interest (efficacy and safety). The primary outcome was radiological response. Efficacy was assessed by the pooled clinical response rate, whereas safety was assessed by the pooled adverse events (AEs) rate. Heterogeneity was assessed using I2. Pooled estimates and the 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a random‐effect model.ResultsEleven studies involving 292 patients were included. The pooled technical success rate was 99.2% (95% CI 97.9–99.9%), with no heterogeneity. The pooled complete radiological response was 87.1% (95% CI 80.1–92.8%). The pooled partial response was 11.4% (95% CI 6.2–18.1%). The pooled clinical response rate for functional pNENs was 94.9% (95% CI 90.7–97.9%), with no heterogeneity. The pooled incidence of AEs was 20.0% (95% CI 14.0–26.7%); most AEs were mild to moderate in grade, while the pooled incidence of severe AEs was 0.9% (95% CI 0.2–2.3%). The most common AEs were transient mild abdominal pain in 19 patients (6.5%), and mild to moderate pancreatitis in 23 patients (7.9%). No cases of mortality were reported.ConclusionEndoscopic ultrasound‐guided radiofrequency ablation resulted on a feasible approach for pNENs treatment, with excellent technical success, high radiological and clinical response, and acceptable AE rate.
Tirzepatide reduces the predicted risk of developing type 2 diabetes in people with obesity or overweight: Post hoc analysis of the SURMOUNT‐1 trial
Authors: Hankosky Emily R. , Wang Hui , Neff Lisa M. , Kan Hong , Wang Fangyu , Ahmad Nadia N. , Stefanski Adam , Garvey W. Timothy 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimWe assessed the impact of tirzepatide on 10‐year predicted risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D) among participants in the SURMOUNT‐1 trial.Materials and MethodsIn this post hoc analysis of SURMOUNT‐1, the Cardiometabolic Disease Staging risk engine was used to calculate the 10‐year predicted risk of T2D at baseline, week 24 and week 72 among participants randomized to receive 5, 10, or 15 mg tirzepatide or placebo. Mean changes in risk scores from baseline to weeks 24 and 72 were compared between tirzepatide and placebo groups. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on participants' glycaemic status and body mass index at baseline.ResultsMean baseline T2D predicted risk scores did not differ between tirzepatide and placebo groups (range: 22.9%‐24.3%). At week 72, mean absolute T2D predicted risk score reductions were significantly greater in tirzepatide groups (5 mg, 12.4%; 10 mg, 14.4%; 15 mg, 14.7%) versus placebo (0.7%). At week 72, median relative predicted risk reductions following tirzepatide treatment ranged from 60.3% to 69.0%. For participants with and without prediabetes, risk reductions were significantly greater in tirzepatide groups versus placebo. At week 72, participants with prediabetes (range: 16.0%‐20.3%) had greater mean risk score reductions from baseline versus those without prediabetes (range: 10.1%‐11.3%). Across body mass index subgroups, mean reductions from baseline were significantly greater in tirzepatide groups versus placebo.ConclusionTirzepatide treatment significantly reduced the 10‐year predicted risk of developing T2D compared with placebo in participants with obesity or overweight, regardless of baseline glycaemic status.
Effect of tirzepatide on blood pressure and lipids: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Kanbay Mehmet , Copur Sidar , Siriopol Dimitrie , Yildiz Abdullah Burak , Gaipov Abduzhappar , van Raalte Daniel H. , Tuttle Katherine R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimTo perform a meta‐analysis to quantify the effect of tirzepatide on blood pressure and lipids.MethodsPubMed, Ovid/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library and CINAHL databases were screened and the randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of tirzepatide on either blood pressure or lipid profiles were included.ResultsSeven randomized controlled trials have investigated the effects of tirzepatide on blood pressure and lipid profiles. Regardless of the dose administered, tirzepatide resulted in significant decreases in systolic blood pressure of median −4.20 (95% confidence interval [CI] −5.17 to −3.23) mmHg for 5 mg, −5.34 (−6.31 to −4.37) mmHg for 10 mg, and −5.77 (−6.73 to −4.81) mmHg for 15 mg. At all three once‐weekly doses, tirzepatide treatment resulted in significant decreases in total cholesterol levels: median −3.76% (95% CI −5.20% to −2.31%) for 5 mg; −4.63% (−6.07% to −3.19%) for 10 mg; and −5.93% (−7.36% to −4.49%) for 15 mg. Additionally, tirzepatide treatment led to increased high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels and decreased low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triglyceride levels.ConclusionsTirzepatide induced clinically meaningful reductions in the levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, along with increases in the level of HDL cholesterol.
Vitamin D3 mitigates autoimmune inflammation caused by activation of myeloid dendritic cells in SLE
Authors: Li Mingfang , Luo Li , Lin Chuanchuan , Ni Bing , Zou Liyun , Song Zhiqiang , Hao Fei , Wu Yi , Luo Na 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease in which defective T cells, immune complex deposition and other immune system alterations contribute to pathological changes of multiple organ systems. The vitamin D metabolite c is a critical immunomodulator playing pivotal roles in the immune system. Epidemiological evidence indicates that vitamin D deficiency is correlated with the severity of SLE. Our aim is to investigate the effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 (VitD3) on the activation of myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) by autologous DNA‐containing immune complex (DNA‐ICs), and the effects of VitD3 on immune system balance during SLE. We purified DNA‐ICs from the serum of SLE patients and isolated mDCs from normal subjects. In vitro studies showed that DNA‐ICs were internalized and consumed by mDCs. VitD3 blocked the effects of DNA‐ICs on RelB, IL‐10 and TNF‐α in mDCs. Further analysis indicated that DNA‐ICs stimulated histone acetylation in the RelB promoter region, which was inhibited by VitD3. Knockdown of the histone deacetylase 3 gene (HDAC3) blocked these VitD3‐mediated effects. Co‐culture of mDCs and CD4+ T cells showed that VitD3 inhibited multiple processes mediated by DNA‐ICs, including proliferation, downregulation of IL‐10, TGF‐β and upregulation of TNF‐α. Moreover, VitD3 could also reverse the effects of DNA‐IC‐induced imbalance of CD4+ CD127− Foxp3+ T cells and CD4+ IL17+ T cells. Taken together, our results indicated that autologous DNA‐ICs stimulate the activation of mDCs in the pathogenesis of SLE, and VitD3 inhibits this stimulatory effects of DNA‐ICs by negative transcriptional regulation of RelB gene and maintaining the Treg/Th17 immune cell balance. These results suggest that vitamin D may have therapeutic value for the treatment of SLE.