bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of under nutrition among under-5 children in the urban field practice area of a medical college in Muzaffarnagar, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Farooq Umer , Sharma Sangeeta J. , Raghav Santosh 
Published: January 2023

Background: In India, undernutrition in children mal the age of five is a serious public health issue. Despite India's expanding economy, both urban and rural areas still have significant rates of undernutrition-related child mortality. There are hardly many studies that concentrate on cities. In order to determine the prevalence of undernutrition in the urban field practice area of a medical college in Muzaffarnagar, Uttar Pradesh, the current study was conducted. Objective of the study was using World Health Organization (WHO) growth standards, to determine the prevalence of undernutrition among children under the age of five.
Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the urban field practice region of the medical college Muzaffarnagar, India, from August 2022 to November 2022. From 1875 registered families, 400 under-five-year-old children were randomly chosen, and a house-to-house survey was used to collect the study's data. The study's goals were explained to the parents, and their written agreement was obtained. The children who were accessible during the study period had their anthropometric measurements taken in accordance with WHO criteria. For nutritional deficits and other morbidities, the kids were checked. Data analysis was performed using the statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) 23 programme and the Chi square test.
Results: A total of 400 under 5 were examined by going from house to house, and 257 (64.2%) of them were underweight. Boys had significantly (p=0.001) more undernutrition than girls. In the age range of 49 to 60 months, it peaked.
Conclusions: Children's malnutrition continues to be a problem for public health, especially among underprivileged populations.
Impact of reproductive and sexual health education on late adolescent girls in an urban slum
Authors: Verma Mayuri , Kazi Yasmeen K. 
Published: January 2023

Background: Menstruation, although, a natural process, may result in adverse health outcomes. Adolescents having a better knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene and safe menstrual practices are less vulnerable to reproductive tract infections and its consequences. Aim and Objectives were to study the socio-demographic profile of late adolescent girls in an urban slum. To determine the baseline knowledge of girls regarding reproductive and sexual health and menstrual hygiene. To estimate the impact of reproductive and sexual health education on the existing knowledge.
Methods: This study was done among late adolescent girls to assess the impact of health education on their knowledge, attitude and practices regarding menstruation and puberty, conception, contraception, RTI, STI, HIV and AIDS. After collecting sociodemographic details and baseline knowledge, health education session was conducted, which was followed by checking their, post-test knowledge Follow up session was also conducted after a month.
Results: Most of the girls were 16 years old, Hindus and from nuclear families. The baseline knowledge about puberty, menstruation, conception, contraception, RTI, STD, HIV, AIDS was not good. The knowledge increased immediately after the first session, but after the second session, the knowledge was not retained. The menstrual hygiene practices increased after the health education session.
Conclusions: The study stresses the importance of imparting knowledge about menstruation, hygiene during the periods, to the adolescent girls and having a regular revision session so as to have good menstrual hygiene practices.
An empirical Study on Impact of Intellectual Human Capital on Corporate Social Innovation
Authors: Alhasani Abtihal Nasser , Alhinai Marwa Hamed , Ahmed Essia Ries 
Published: January 2023

The study aims to explore the relationship between Intellectual Human Capital (IHC) and Corporate Social Innovation (CSI) in Oman. This research used a quantitative method. The population of this study was 74 companies on Muscat Stock Exchange (MSX) for the year ended 2021 in Oman. The sample size of this project was 63 from two sectors of listed companies (Financial Sector 31 and Industrial Sector 32). The study findings found there is a positive impact on the relationship between Intellectual Human Capital (IHC) and Corporate Social Innovation (CSI) in Oman. IHC contributes to increasing Social Innovation (SI) in companies, greatly influencing social innovation. Firms that use IHC have high social innovation because the IHC depends on the knowledge of human resources that impacts social innovation as it expands to other areas of the company.
Salud percibida del adulto mayor y su asociación con la funcionalidad familiar
Authors: Ortega Cruz Martha Yalit , Villeda Cortes Jocelyn , López Jiménez Brisa Evelin , Hernández Mariano José Ángel , Castañeda Márquez Ana Cristina , Cano Estrada Araceli 
Published: January 2023

Marco teórico: La familia constituye la red de apoyo más potente y eficaz en la vida. En la atención del adulto mayor, la familia ocupa un lugar fundamental en la formación de comportamientos implicados en la salud, así como en las decisiones sobre el uso de servicios profesionales. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la asociación entre la salud percibida del adulto mayor y su funcionalidad familiar. Método: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo y transversal en una muestra de 120 adultos mayores de tres localidades del Valle del Mezquital de Hidalgo, México. Los instrumentos de recolección de datos fueron la escala de Concepción de Salud y APGAR de la Familia. La asociación entre la salud percibida y la funcionalidad familiar se evaluó mediante modelos de regresión logística. Para evaluar la asociación entre la salud percibida y la funcionalidad familiar se realizaron modelos de regresión logística múltiple. Resultados: Se encontró que los adultos mayores con algún grado de disfuncionalidad familiar presentaron una mayor posibilidad de percibirse como no saludables (RM=13.48; IC 95%=2.65, 68.62) en comparación con quienes presentaron una funcionalidad familiar normal. Conclusión: La disfunción familiar en la que viven los adultos mayores es un factor que se asocia con la percepción que tienen los mismos de su salud.
Calidad de vida de mayores institucionalizados tras el confinamiento por la COVID-19
Authors: SEMPERE GIL GEMA , MÉNDEZ MATEO INMACULADA , RUIZ-ESTEBAN CECILIA 
Published: January 2023

La COVID-19 ha afectado de forma significativa a las personas mayores que se encuentran institucionalizadas en centros residenciales. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar si la situación de confinamiento influyó en la percepción de la calidad de vida de los residentes de un centro para personas mayores. Método. En el estudio participaron 12 personas mayores con edades comprendidas entre los 68 y los 93 años de un centro institucionalizado. Se utilizó el Cuestionario de Evaluación de Calidad de Vida en Contexto Residencial, una encuesta sociodemográfica, el Mini-Examen Cognoscitivo y escala de deterioro global. Se utilizaron pruebas análisis de frecuencias y porcentajes, así como análisis de medias t de student. Resultados. Se ha obtuvo que las medias de salud eran más altas antes del confinamiento, así como las visitas y el establecimiento de relaciones sociales y familiares. Por el contrario, la satisfacción con la vida fue mayor después de la situación de confinamiento al igual que el nivel de capacidad funcional de los residentes lo que supuso la necesidad de más ayuda por el empeoramiento funcional percibido. Respecto a las actividades y el ocio, así como a la calidad ambiental, no encontraron diferencias de medias significativas. Conclusiones. La situación de la COVID-19 ha puesto de relieve la afectación de la calidad de vida de las personas mayores institucionalizadas en centros residenciales, objetivándose un detrimento de la misma en la situación de confinamiento. Ello muestra la necesidad de realizar intervenciones que mejoren la percepción de calidad de vida, sobre todo en situaciones de emergencia.
Fluid Property Model for Carbon Capture and Storage by Volume-Translated Peng-Robinson Equation of State and Lohrenz-Bray-Clark Viscosity Correlation
Authors: Li Zhidong , Wanat Edward , Lun Lisa , Hoyt Jordan , Heider Andrew , Leahy-Dios Alana , Wattenbarger Robert 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We establish a fluid property model for carbon capture and storage (CCS) within the unified framework of classical compositional reservoir simulation by employing the standard volume-translated Peng-Robinson (PR-VT) Equation of State (EOS) and Lohrenz-Bray-Clark (LBC) viscosity correlation. We spend tremendous effort on the collection of high-quality data and our model demonstrates excellent numerical accuracy because each parameter is well defined through the extensive calibration with data from experiments, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and reliable correlations. We successfully address all the questions that could be encountered in the prediction of phase behavior and physical and transport properties of CCS fluid systems: the multiple components of injection gas, the gas solubility in aqueous phase and water (no salts) solubility in non-aqueous phase, the density and viscosity of aqueous phase with dissolved gas and of non-aqueous phase with dissolved water, and the impact of different ionic species on gas solubility, density and viscosity of aqueous phase. Moreover, we propose a modified procedure to perform the multi-component multi-phase equilibrium computation that implements our model and overcomes the challenge due to thermodynamic inconsistency caused by phase-dependent parameters. Since CO2/brine system has zero degree of freedom at fixed temperature and pressure in two-phase state, we are able to create the ‘exact’ black oil table by applying the phase equilibrium computation integrated with our model. It is of particular significance because the corresponding black oil simulation for CO2 injection in saline aquifer could be performed on any commercial reservoir simulator in large scale to satisfy most of the requirements of CCS studies.
Multi-stakeholder perspectives regarding preferred modalities for mental health intervention delivered in the orthopedic clinic: A qualitative analysis
Authors: Cheng Abby L , Leo Ashwin J , Calfee Ryan P , Dy Christopher J , Armbrecht Melissa A , Abraham Joanna 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background: Although depressive and anxious symptoms negatively impact musculoskeletal health and orthopedic outcomes, a gap remains in identifying modalities through which mental health intervention can realistically be delivered during orthopedic care. The purpose of this study was to understand orthopedic stakeholders’ perspectives regarding the feasibility, acceptability, and usability of digital, printed, and in-person intervention modalities to address mental health as part of orthopedic care. Methods: This single-center, qualitative study was conducted within the orthopedic department of a tertiary care center. Semi-structured interviews were conducted between January and May 2022. Two stakeholder groups were interviewed using a purposive sampling approach until thematic saturation was reached. The first group included adult orthopedic patients who presented for management of ≥ 3 months of neck or back pain. The second group included early, mid, and late career orthopedic clinicians and support staff members. Stakeholders’ interview responses were analyzed using deductive and inductive coding approaches followed by thematic analysis. Patients also performed usability testing of one digital and one printed mental health intervention. Results: Patients included 30 adults out of 85 approached (mean (SD) age 59 (14) years, 21 (70%) women, 12 (40%) non-White). Clinical team stakeholders included 22 orthopedic clinicians and support staff members out of 25 approached (11 (50%) women, 6 (27%) non-White). Clinical team members perceived a digital mental health intervention to be feasible and scalable to implement, and many patients appreciated that the digital modality offered privacy, immediate access to resources, and the ability to engage during non-business hours. However, stakeholders also expressed that a printed mental health resource is still necessary to meet the needs of patients who prefer and/or can only engage with tangible, rather than digital, mental health resources. Many clinical team members expressed skepticism regarding the current feasibility of scalably incorporating in-person mental health support into orthopedic care. Conclusions: Although digital intervention offers implementation-related advantages over printed and in-person mental health interventions, a subset of often underserved patients will not currently be reached using exclusively digital intervention. Future research should work to identify combinations of effective mental health interventions that provide equitable access for orthopedic patients. Trial registration: Not applicable.
Examining the Connectivity of Antarctic Krill on the West Antarctic Peninsula: Implications for Pygoscelis Penguin Biogeography and Population Dynamics
Authors: Gallagher Katherine L. , Dinniman Michael S. , Lynch Heather J. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) are considered a keystone species for higher trophic level predators along the West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) during the austral summer. The connectivity of these populations may play a critical role in predator biogeography, especially for central-place foragers such as thePygoscelispenguins that breed along the WAP during the austral summer. Here, we used a physical ocean model to examine adult krill connectivity in this region using simulated krill with realistic diel vertical migration behaviors across four austral summers. Specifically, we examined krill connectivity around the Adélie gap, a 400 km long region along the WAP with a distinct absence of Adélie penguin colonies, to determine if krill population connectivity around this feature played a role in its persistence. Our results indicate that krill populations north and south of the Adélie gap are nearly isolated from each other and that persistent current features play a role in this inter-region connectivity, or lack thereof. Our results indicate that simulated krill released within the Adélie gap are quickly advected from the region, suggesting that the lack of local krill recruit retention may play a role in the persistence of this biogeographic feature.
Assessment of Breastfeeding Attitude and Practice among Mothers of Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional Study
Authors: Dabelah Kamal Ibrahim , Luwaimi Sajidah Al , Al-Saleem Salma Ali , Akbar Zahida 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The international guidelines have recommended that neonates and infants shall be placed on exclusive breastfeeding for at least six months. Previous studies on breastfeeding rates in Saudi Arabia have reported less than the optimal breastfeeding rate. The current study aimed to assess the breastfeeding rate in the eastern region of Saudi Arabian.
Methods
The cross-sectional study was conducted over the period of 6 months in a tertiary care hospital designated as a Baby-friendly initiative hospital (BFHI). The study utilized a modified Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS) tool, which consists of a 21-item validated questionnaire. All the enrolled mothers were interviewed face-to-face using a modified IIFAS tool in the postpartum room. After the completion of the interview, the mothers were educated about the importance of breastfeeding. The enrolled mothers were again interviewed after six months period using the same modified IIFAS tool.
Results
During the study period, a total of 156 women were enrolled in the study. The average age of the participants was 33.5 ± 4.6 years. The majority of participants i.e., 112 (71.9%) gave birth by vaginal delivery method. Most of the children (57.7%) started breastfeeding only at the time of birth. But the number declined significantly low to 21.7% participants after six months. In contrast, the number of children who started formula feeding increased significantly from 2.6–31.9%. As per the defined criteria of knowledge scoring, only 27 (17.3%) were observed to have good knowledge. Around two-third of participants reported having adequate knowledge, while 28 (17.9%) participants had poor knowledge.
Conclusion
Compared to previous studies conducted among Saudi mothers, the exclusive breastfeeding rate after delivery was observed to be low. Moreover, the breastfeeding attitude and continuation after six months of birth was also found to be low as compared to previous studies. The current study highlights the importance of continuous education and efforts to promote the breast feeding among Saudi mothers.
Exploring the Role of Antithrombin in Nephrotic Syndrome–Associated Hypercoagulopathy: A Multi-Cohort Study and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Abdelghani Eman , Waller Amanda P. , Wolfgang Katelyn J. , Stanek Joseph R. , Parikh Samir V. , Rovin Brad H. , Smoyer William E. , Kerlin Bryce A. ,   the PNRC Investigators,,   the NEPTUNE Investigators
Published: January 2023

Background
Nephrotic syndrome is associated with an acquired hypercoagulopathy that is thought to drive its predisposition for venous thromboembolism. Previous studies have suggested that urinary antithrombin (AT) loss leading to acquired AT deficiency is the primary mechanism underlying this hypercoagulopathy, but this hypothesis has not been directly tested. The objectives of this study were to test the influence of AT levels on hypercoagulopathy in nephrotic syndrome patient samples and perform meta-analyses to evaluate the likelihood of AT deficiency in patients with nephrotic syndrome.

Methods
Samples from three independent nephrotic syndrome cohorts were analyzed. AT antigen and activity assays were performed using ELISA and amidolytic assays, respectively. Plasma thrombin generation, albumin, and urine protein-to-creatinine ratios were determined using established methods. Meta-analyses were performed by combining these new data with previously published data.

Results
AT levels were not consistently related to either plasma albumin or proteinuria. AT was quantitatively related to hypercoagulopathy in adult nephrotic syndrome, whereas AT activity was inconsistently associated with hypercoagulopathy in childhood nephrotic syndrome. Notably, hypercoagulopathy did not differ between patients with normal AT levels and those with levels below the threshold used to define clinical AT deficiency (<70%). Moreover, ex vivo AT supplementation did not significantly alter hypercoagulopathy in AT-deficient plasma samples. The meta-analyses demonstrated that AT deficiency was not a uniform feature of nephrotic syndrome and was more common in children than adults.

Conclusions
These data suggest that AT deficiency plays only a limited role in the mechanisms underlying the acquired hypercoagulopathy of nephrotic syndrome. Moreover, AT deficiency was not present in all patients with nephrotic syndrome and was more likely in children than adults despite the higher risk for venous thromboembolism in adults than children.
Effects of Octreotide–Long-Acting Release Added-on Tolvaptan in Patients with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: Pilot, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Cross-Over Trial
Authors: Trillini Matias , Caroli Anna , Perico Norberto , Remuzzi Andrea , Brambilla Paolo , Villa Giulia , Perna Annalisa , Peracchi Tobia , Rubis Nadia , Martinetti Davide , Caruso Mariarosa , Leone Valentina Fanny , Cugini Daniela , Carrara Fabiola , Remuzzi Giuseppe , Ruggenenti Piero ,   for the TOOL Study Group
Published: January 2023

Background
Tolvaptan and octreotide–long-acting release (LAR) have renoprotective effects in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) that are partially mediated by amelioration of compensatory glomerular hyperfiltration. We compared the effects of tolvaptan and octreotide-LAR combination therapy versus those of tolvaptan monotherapy in patients with ADPKD.

Methods
This pilot, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial primarily compared the effects of 1- and 4-week treatments with octreotide-LAR (two 20-mg i.m. injections) or placebo (two i.m. 0.9% saline solution injections) added-on tolvaptan (up to 90 and 30 mg/d) on GFR (iohexol plasma clearance) in 19 consenting patients with ADPKD referred to a clinical research center in Italy. Analyses were intention-to-treat. The local ethical committee approved the study.

Results
At 4 weeks, GFR significantly decreased by a median (interquartile range) of 3 (−1 to 5) ml/min per 1.73 m2 with tolvaptan and placebo (P=0.01) and by 7 (3–14) ml/min per 1.73 m2 with tolvaptan and octreotide-LAR (P=0.03). GFR changes during the two treatment periods differed by 2 (−5 to 14) ml/min per 1.73 m2 (P=0.28). At 1 week, GFR significantly decreased by 3 (0–7) ml/min per 1.73 m2 with tolvaptan and placebo (P=0.006) and by 10 (−6 to 16) ml/min per 1.73 m2 with tolvaptan and octreotide-LAR add-on therapy (P<0.001). GFR changes during the two treatment periods significantly differed by 3 (0–12) ml/min per 1.73 m2 (P=0.012). Total kidney volume nonsignificantly changed by 4 (−48 to 23) ml with tolvaptan and placebo (P=0.74), whereas it decreased significantly by 41 (25–77) ml with tolvaptan and octreotide-LAR (P=0.001). Changes during the two treatment periods differed by 36 (0–65) ml (P=0.01). Octreotide-LAR also attenuated (P=0.02) the aquaretic effect of tolvaptan. Treatments were well tolerated.

Conclusions
In patients with ADPKD, octreotide-LAR added-on tolvaptan reduced GFR more effectively than octreotide-LAR and placebo. Octreotide-LAR also reduced total and cystic kidney volumes and attenuated the acquaretic effect of tolvaptan.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:
Tolvaptan-Octreotide LAR Combination in ADPKD (TOOL), NCT03541447.
Pensamiento Económico de Joaquín Balaguer: ideas sobre políticas de desarrollo y manejo del gobierno
Authors: Vásquez Harold 
Published: January 2023

Este documento intenta caracterizar el pensamiento económico de Joaquín Balaguer, quien presidió el Gobierno Dominicano durante 23 años, enfocándonos específicamente en la etapa de formación a sus ideas económicas previa a 1966. Iniciamos describiendo algunos eventos políticos y económicos importantes para la República Dominicana de inicios del siglo xx, los cuales entendemos marcaron en Balaguer tanto el interés como algunas de sus posturas económicas. Destacamos el rol que jugó la intervención norteamericana de 1916 en la postura acérrima de Balaguer contra el endeudamiento externo y cómo el Colbertismo, o mercantilismo francés, incidió en una visión de las políticas públicas como impulsora del desarrollo económico dominicano.