bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Downregulation of miR-4284 can Inhibit the Apoptosis of Human Arterial
Smooth Muscle Cells (HASMCs) in Arteriosclerosis Obliterans (ASO)
Authors: Wang Fang , Yu Yinghong , He Gongjian , Ren Zhangxia , Xu Sizhe 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
The disease arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) affects the lower extremities.
ASO's mechanism involves the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells
(VSMCs). The miR-4284 is involved in several biological processes of the cardiovascular system,
including VSMC proliferation, migration, and death. However, it is unknown if the miR-4284 gene
is involved in the control of ASO. Furthermore, the molecular processes behind the contribution of
human arterial smooth muscle cells (HASMCs), one of the most significant components of the arterial
wall, to arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) pathogenesis remain unknown.
Previously, we explored the alterations of miRNAs in the blood of ASO patients, and now we
wanted to test further whether these changes also take place in the HASMCs that are responsible
for the pathogenesis of ASO.

Methods:
The expression levels of miR-29a in arterial walls were analyzed via a real-time polymerase
chain reaction. An ASO cell model was established to investigate the expression of miR-
4284 on HASMCs. The Transwell system and CCK-8 detection were used to assess the migration
and proliferation of HASMCs. The proportion of apoptotic cells as well as the concentrations of
apoptotic signal protein production were assessed using flow cytometry. A Western blot technique
was used to identify B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl2), Bcl2-associated X protein (BAX), as well as Xlinked
inhibitors of apoptosis protein (XIAP).

Results:
The results showed that PCR confirmed that the qualified production or expression of
miR-4284 was significantly reduced in HASMCs after they were cultured without FBS and in an
atmosphere of 1% O2 + 5% CO2 + 94% N2 and that glucose had no effect on its expression. MiR-
4284 has no effect on migration and proliferation, but downregulation of miR-4284 can decrease
the apoptotic rate of HASMCs, as revealed by flow cytometry. Furthermore, western blot experiments
showed that the expression of BAX was low, while the expression of the other two proteins,
viz., Bcl2 and XIAP, was over-expressed.

Conclusion:
We found that miR-4284 downregulation enhanced Bcl2, as well as XIAP, and decreased
Bax. This shows that downregulated miR-4284 regulates apoptosis-related protein expression
in HASMCs. The mechanism is not clear, and we need further study to confirm it.
Effect of Host Cell Protein on Chinese Hamster Ovary Recombinant
Protein Production and its Removal Strategies: A Mini Review
Authors: Zhao Yaru , Li He , Fan Zhenlin , Wang Tianyun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
Chinese hamster ovary cells are the main expression system for recombinant therapeutic
proteins. During the production of these proteins, certain host cell proteins are secreted, broken
down, and released by host cells in the culture along with the proteins of interest. These host cell
proteins are often difficult to remove during the downstream purification process, and thus affect
the quality, safety, and effectiveness of recombinant protein biopharmaceutical products and increase
the production cost of recombinant therapeutic proteins. Therefore, host cell protein production
must be reduced as much as possible during the production process and eliminated during
purification. This article reviews the harm caused by host cell proteins in the production of recombinant
protein drugs using Chinese hamster ovary cell, factors affecting host cell proteins, the
monitoring and identification of these proteins, and methods to reduce their type and quantity in
the final product.
Stimuli-responsive Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering Applications
Authors: Yadav Deepika , Sharma Pramod Kumar , Malviya Rishabha , Mishra Prem Shankar , Surendra Amareswarapu V. , Rao G.S.N. Koteswara , Rani Budha Roja 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
The use of ''smart materials,'' or ''stimulus responsive'' materials, has proven useful in a variety of fields, including tissue engineering and medication delivery. Many factors, including
temperature, pH, redox state, light, and magnetic fields, are being studied for their potential to affect a material's properties, interactions, structure, and/or dimensions. New tissue engineering
and drug delivery methods are made possible by the ability of living systems to respond to both
external stimuli and their own internal signals) for example, materials composed of stimuliresponsive
polymers that self assemble or undergo phase transitions or morphology transfor- mation. The researcher examines the potential of smart materials as controlled drug release vehicles
in tissue engineering, aiming to enable the localized regeneration of injured tissue by delivering
precisely dosed drugs at precisely timed intervals.
Resveratrol: Targeting Cancer Stem Cells and ncRNAs to
Overcome Cancer Drug Resistance
Authors: Rezakhani Leila , Salmani Sima , Eliyasi Dashtaki Masoumeh , Ghasemi Sorayya 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
A major challenge in treating cancer is the development of drug resistance,
which can result in treatment failure and tumor recurrence. Targeting cancer stem cells
(CSCs) and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with a polyphenolic substance called
resveratrol has the ability to combat this problem by lowering cancer resistance to drugs
and opening up new therapeutic options. Resveratrol alters the expression of genes
related to self-renewal, modulating important signaling pathways involved in cancer
initiation and CSC control. Additionally, resveratrol affects non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs),
including Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs which are
essential for stemness, drug resistance, and other cancer-related activities. Numerous
studies have shown that resveratrol has the potential to be an effective anticancer drug
when used in combination therapy, but issues with absorption and pharmacokinetics still
need to be resolved before it can be used in clinical applications. Reducing chemotherapy
resistance by better understanding the intricate mechanisms by which resveratrol
affects cancer cells and CSCs, as well as its impact on ncRNA expression, could
eventually contribute to more effective cancer treatments. To completely understand
these pathways and optimize the utilization of resveratrol in combination treatments,
additional study is necessary.
Hydroquinidine Demonstrates Remarkable Antineoplastic Effects
on Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Cells
Authors: Yavuz Mervenur , Demircan Turan 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Despite recent progress in drug development, lung cancer
remains a complex disease that poses a major public health issue worldwide, and new
therapeutic strategies are urgently needed because of the failure of standard treatments.
Ion channels play a critical role in various cellular processes that regulate cell
proliferation, differentiation, and cell death.

Objectives:
The potential of ion channel modulators as tumor growth suppressors has been highlighted in recent studies. Therefore, we hypothesized that hydroquinidine (HQ), a previously understudied potassium channel modulator, might have anticarcinogenic activity against A549 cells.

Methods:
The anticancer potential of HQ was investigated using various wellestablished
in vitro assays.

Results:
HQ significantly decreased colony formation and tumorigenicity and exhibited a
significant anti-migratory effect in A549 cells. Our results demonstrated that HQ
significantly inhibited the growth of cancer cells by decreasing the proliferation rate while
increasing cell death. The altered gene expression profile in response to treatment with
HQ was consistent with the observed cellular effects. Incubation of cells with HQ
resulted in the downregulation of genes involved in cell division and survival, while
genes promoting cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were upregulated.

Conclusion:
Our findings suggest that HQ has the potential to limit lung cancer growth
as a novel potent anticarcinogenic agent. However, more investigations are needed to
gain further insight into the mechanism of action of HQ and to evaluate its efficacy in invivo
models.
Synergistic Effect of Naringin and Glimepiride in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Rath Deepankar , Kar Biswakanth , Pattnaik Gurudutta , Bhukta Pallishree 
Published: August 2023

Objective:Evaluation of the synergistic effect of Naringin and Glimepiride in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.Methods:Wistar rats were chosen and divided into five groups (n=6). STZ was used for the induction of diabetes. The combination of naringin and glimepiride was administered to diabetic rats. The changes in fasting blood sugar, body weight, Hb, HbA1c, and creatinine were evaluated, and urine was collected and the volume was observed. The lipid profiles like TC, HDL, LDL, and TG were measured. The biochemical parameters SGOT, SGPT, and ALP were analysed. Besides, endogenous antioxidant parameters like SOD, GSH, and catalase were also assessed. Lastly, the histopathological study of the beta cells in islets of the pancreas, glomerulus, and tubules of kidney and liver cells was conducted in all groups.Results:The result shows significant reduction (p<0.001) of blood sugar in the naringin and glimepiride-treated group when compared with the control group (diabetes). Additionally, the combination of Naringin (100 mg/kg) and Glimepiride (0.1 mg/kg) significantly restores the creatinine levels and urine volumes, SGOT, SGPT, and ALP when compared to a single dose of administration. Further, the abnormal lipid profile levels (TC, LDL, TG, and HDL), and endogenous antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GSH, catalase) in diabetic control rats were restored to normal levels in a significant manner. The histopathological result reveals significant alterations, including hypertrophy of islets and mild degeneration, renal necrosis, and inflammation of hepatocytes.Conclusion:A synergistic effect of Naringin and glimepiride was observed during the estimation of various biochemical parameters like body weight, fasting blood sugar, creatinine, urine level, TG, total cholesterol, SGOT, SGPT, ALP, Insulin, HbA1c, antioxidant parameters like SOD, GSH, and catalase in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Further, the combination of therapy improves the protective effect of the pancreas, kidney, and liver, suggesting a potential antidiabetic effect.
Unveiling Diabetes: Categories, Genetics, Diagnostics, Treatments, and Future Horizons
Authors: Alam Aftab , Dhoundiyal Shivang , Ahmad Niyaz , Rao G.S.N. Koteswara 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:Diabetes mellitus is a global epidemic affecting millions of individuals worldwide. This comprehensive review aims to provide a thorough understanding of the categorization, disease identity, genetic architecture, diagnosis, and treatment of diabetes. The categorization of diabetes is discussed, with a focus on type 1 and type 2 diabetes, as well as the lesser-known types, type 3 and type 4 diabetes. The geographical variation, age, gender, and ethnic differences in the prevalence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes are explored. The impact of disease identity on disease management and the role of autoimmunity in diabetes are examined. The genetic architecture of diabetes, including the interplay between genotype and phenotype, is discussed to enhance our understanding of the underlying mechanisms. The importance of insulin injection sites and the insulin signalling pathway in diabetes management are highlighted. The diagnostic techniques for diabetes are reviewed, along with advancements for improved differentiation between types. Treatment and management approaches, including medications used in diabetes management are presented. Finally, future perspectives are discussed, emphasizing the need for further research and interventions to address the global burden of diabetes. This review serves as a valuable resource for healthcare professionals, researchers, and policymakers, providing insights to develop targeted strategies for the prevention, diagnosis, and management of this complex disease.
COVID-19 Detection using Hybrid CNN-RNN Architecture with Transfer
Learning from X-Rays
Authors: Deshwal Deepti , Sangwan Pardeep , Dahiya Naveen , Lilhore Umesh Kumar , Dalal Surjeet , Simaiya Sarita 
Published: August 2023

Introduction::
Millions of people have been infected with COVID-19, which has spread quickly worldwide since the start of 2020, resulting in numerous fatalities. Identification of infected individuals is essential to control the spread of the virus.

Aims::
In this study, we propose a hybrid architecture that combines Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) with Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) and leverages transfer learning to enhance the accuracy of COVID-19 detection from X-ray images.

Methods::
The proposed work utilizes 4 pre-trained CNN architectures, namely, InceptionnetV3, Densenet121, Inception-ResNet V2, and VGG19, to extract high-level features from the input X-ray images. These features are then fed into the second component, an RNN-based network, which captures the temporal dependencies within the extracted features. To evaluate the performance of the proposed architecture, a comprehensive dataset consisting of X-ray images from COVID-19 positive cases, non-COVID-19 pneumonia cases, and healthy individuals is used. Gradient class activation map (Grad-CAM) analysis has been applied to the obtained results to provide heat-map pictures specific to each class and coloured visualizations of the COVID-19-infected areas in CXR images.

Results::
Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed hybrid CNN-RNN architecture achieves promising results in COVID-19 detection from X-ray images. The model exhibits high accuracy, precision, recall, area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve (AUC), and F1-score, outperforming other state-of-the-art methods.

Conclusion::
The combination of CNNs and RNNs enables the model to effectively capture spatial and temporal information, leading to improved performance in COVID-19 detection. The proposed hybrid architecture with transfer learning from X-ray images provides a robust and efficient solution for COVID-19 detection. The model can potentially assist healthcare professionals in making accurate and timely diagnoses, thereby contributing to the global efforts to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. In the present work, VGG19-RNN architecture outperformed all other networks in terms of accuracy. The most effective training and validation accuracy for the VGG19-RNN architecture is 99% & 97.70%, respectively, and the loss was 0.02 & 0.09 at epoch 100.
Dietary Phytoactives in the Management of Gastric Cancer - A Mini Review
Authors: Sharma Vivek , Ashawat Mahendra Singh , Kumar Pravin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
Gastric cancer is the fourth leading cause of morbidity worldwide and is known to affect
various gastric organs, including the esophagus, intestine, colon, and pancreas. There are variable factors
responsible for the development of gastric tumors, such as environmental factors, EPV, hepatitis
B and C, and other genetic factors. Phytoactives, or secondary metabolites of plants, have a wide
range of biological impacts, including the capacity to prevent cancer in humans. They have this anticancerous
impact because of their multi-target mechanism of action, which also includes antioxidant,
anti-proliferative, cell apoptosis, and anti-mutagenic effects. To epitomize the role of vital dietary phytoactives
as a new approach for treating gastric cancer and explains various mechanisms for their anticancerous
activity. H. pylori-associated gastric tumors are the most common, and Phytoactives such as
curcumin, piperine, walnut oil, tea, and others possess anticancer properties. They have shown anticancer
activity against gastric tumor cell lines via different mechanisms like cell cycle arrest, apoptosis,
inhibition of cell proliferation, adhesion, colonization of cancer cells, inhibition of inflammatory
mediators, tumor cell bioenergetics, up and down-regulation of various gene and protein expression,
and chelation and scavenging of ROS.
Molecular Contrivance of Deed of Neuroprotective Biomolecules
Authors: Pal Rashmi Saxena , Pal Yogendra , Lagah Jaspreet , Katiyar Deepti , Punniyakotti Saranya 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
Numerous herbal-based Ayurvedic and Chinese medications contain a variety of phytochemicals
that may have a neuroprotective impact and help treat a variety of neurodegenerative diseases.
The natural medicinal drug has long been used to treat neural signs and symptoms. There has
been an enormous public and clinical interest in the use of Phytoconstituents for neuroprotection or
the prevention of neurodegenerative illnesses. Various compounds, isolated from exclusive natural
sources with multiple objectives seem as a capacity and promising class of therapeutics for the remedy
of illnesses associated with neuro-related issues. It is vitally important to identify and create novel
therapeutic strategies. The possibility for safe, naturally occurring secondary metabolites with neuroprotective
characteristics is present in plants and other natural products. This review intends to take a
closer look at some specific elements of natural phytoactives that are thought to be significant for the
treatment of neuro-related illnesses.
In-depth Chemistry and Pharmacological Potential of Propolis: A Critical
Review of Recent Developments
Authors: Dwivedi Jyotsana , Sachan Pranjal , Wal Pranay , Rai A. K. 
Published: August 2023

Background:
One of the most popular beekeeping products is propolis. The word "propolis," which alludes to a beehive, has Greek sources and implies "defense for the community." Propolis is a resinous material that honey worker bees (Apis mellifera L.) and other bee species make for a variety of uses. Since 300 BC, propolis has been used as a traditional remedy. Various pharmacological effects of distinct propolis extracts as well as those of its ingredients, including antioxidant, antiulcer, anticancer, antiviral, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, and antifungal characteristics, have recently been identified.

Objective:
In this review article, we focus on the origin, recent advances in the chemical constituents, and new therapeutic potential of propolis.

Material and Methods:
An exhaustive analysis of the literature search was conducted. The standard keywords "propolis," "origin," "chemical constituents," "pharmacological activity," "recent advances," and "traditional uses" have been used to search a variety of the standard databases, such as Scopus and Elsevier, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Science Web, for research and review articles published between 1998 and 2023.

Results:
This review article included over 150 articles (research and reviews) that were appraised and researched.

Conclusion:
Since 2012, more than 300 substances have been shown to have pharmacological action against a variety of illnesses, including cancer, inflammation, ulcers, wound healing, diabetes, bacterial, viral, and fungal infections, hepatic disorders, dental problems, brain diseases, etc. Overall, propolis may be considered a source of bioactive compounds for pharmaceutical development. Future studies should consider plant types, regional conditions, bee subspecies, and variations.
Application of nanoparticles in the management of polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Abdul Kareem Al-Hetty Hussein Riyadh , Saleh Marwan Mahmood , Jalil Abduladheem Turki 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism, menstrual abnormalities, polycystic ovaries, chronic anovulation, and decreased fertility. It is also associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes, and premature atherosclerosis, all of which are indicative of an underlying metabolic disorder. The etiology of PCOS remains incompletely understood. It is marked by dysregulation of enzymes involved in androgen biosynthesis and excessive androgen production, which is considered to be a central feature of this disorder. In addition, women with PCOS show insulin resistance and altered adipose tissue metabolism, which contributes to the development of both diabetes and obesity. Nanotechnology has sparked new hopes for addressing diverse human concerns, including the prevention and treatment of PCOS. Nanomaterials possess fascinating characteristics, like customizable size, faster passage through biological barriers, improved solubility, and increased reactivity. This review aimed to present an overview of how nanomaterials are being used to treat PCOS. We begin by examining the general features of nanomaterials. Next, we discuss recent advancements in nanosystems for delivering drugs in experimental PCOS models, and finally, we present the findings of clinical studies.
The Effect of Fenugreek on the Severity of Dysmenorrhea: A Systematic
Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Hassanzadeh Robab , Shabani Fatemeh , Montazeri Maryam , Mirghafourvand Mojgan 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
Dysmenorrhea is the most common periodic pain, which affects more
than 50% of women with regular menstruation. Fenugreek is one of the medicinal plants with analgesic
properties. This study aimed to determine the effect of fenugreek application in the severity
of dysmenorrhea and its side effects in women with dysmenorrhea.

PICO:
Population: women with dysmenorrhea; Intervention: fenugreek; Comparison: control
groups; and Outcome: reduction in the severity of dysmenorrhea and its side effects

Methods:
English database (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science) and Persian
database [SID (Scientific Information Database) and Magiran] were used for research until
February 11, 2023, using the keywords “Dysmenorrhea [Mesh],” “Foenum [Mesh],” “fenugreek
[Mesh],” and “Trigonella [Mesh].” The reference list of the selected articles was also checked.
The quality assessment was conducted through the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews
of Interventions version 5.2.0. The RevMan 5.3 software was used to analyze and report the data
of the entered studies. Meta-analysis results were reported with the standardized mean difference
(95% confidence interval). A subgroup analysis was performed based on the type of control
groups. The quality of evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach.

Results:
After removing duplicates and ineligible cases, four articles were included in the systematic
review out of the 1526 records obtained. The results showed that the pain intensity caused by
primary dysmenorrhea decreased with fenugreek compared to placebo (pooled result SMD: -2.21;
95% CI: -3.26 to -1.17; Z: 4.17; p <0.001). There was no significant difference between fenugreek
with mefenamic acid (SMD: 0.05; 95% CI: -0.57 to 0.67; Z: 0.17; p = 0.86) and fenugreek with
Chandrasura churna (SMD: 0.06; 95% CI: -0.56 to 0.68; Z: 0.19; p = 0.85). Bias, in terms of incomplete
outcome data and selective reporting, was low risk in all studies, and the available evidence
was low quality according to the GRADE approach.

Conclusion:
The results showed that the effect of fenugreek on pain intensity in dysmenorrhea is highly
uncertain. The true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of effect. Regarding
the importance of the health and quality of life of women of reproductive age and the low quality of
evidence of the studies, clinical trials with stronger methodology are suggested in this field.