bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physically crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan/gum tragacanth hydrogels loaded with vitamin E for wound healing applications
Authors: Foroughi Parichehr , Koupaei Narjes 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFor the healing process, in this study, an innovative polymeric hydrogel network including polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/chitosan (CS)/gum tragacanth (GT) loaded with vitamin E (VE) was produced by the freeze–thaw approach. In order to investigate the characteristics of the prepared samples, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyzes were performed. Also, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), swelling ratio, gel fraction and mechanical properties were measured. Then, to observe their cytocompatibility, MTT assay and cell adhesion studies were assessed. The results of FTIR confirmed the presence of PVA, CS, GT, and VE in hydrogel films. As well as, the SEM images showed the effect of the freezing and thawing method in creating a smooth surface with small and regular pores. It was found with adding the CS and GT to PVA improves swelling ratio, gel fraction, WVTR and elongation of hydrogel films. Further, in examining the adhesion and cytotoxicity of the samples, the non‐toxic quiddity of the PVA/CS/GT hydrogel films was corroborated. In the end, the antibacterial properties revealed that the film containing GT and CS had the greatest antibacterial activity. According to the observed results, PVA/CS/GT hydrogel films loaded with VE can be good for wound healing applications.
Reactive compatibilization of PLA/PBS bio‐blends via a new generation of hybrid nanoparticles
Authors: Ullah Muhammad Saeed , Yildirim Rumeysa , Kodal Mehmet , Ozkoc Guralp 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPoly(butylene succinate) (PBS) is a worthy biodegradable thermoplastic polyester for blending along with other biopolymers, especially with poly (lactic acid) (PLA), to overcome its inadequacies in mechanical and thermal characteristics. Since binary blends of PLA and PBS showed that they are incompatible, compatibilization is required. In this work, multi‐epoxide polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (Glycidyl POSS) was added to PLA and PBS using the melt blending method to make them compatible. The blends were prepared at different weight ratios having different amounts of compatibilizer. SEM analysis showed that the Glycidyl POSS impacted the interfacial adhesion and other properties of PLA and PBS blends. Noticeable improvements in mechanical properties were revealed by tensile and impact test results. Tensile strength and Young's modulus were improved when epoxy‐POSS was added up to 1 and 3 wt% into ternary blends, but further increasing POSS concentrations resulted in lower values. FTIR analysis showed a strong interaction between the epoxide group of POSS and the end groups of PBS or PLA. The thermal properties of samples were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. The shifts in glass transition temperatures of the PLA phase towards lower values appeared in DSC, confirming the enhanced compatibility of PLA and PBS. Also, the reinforcing ability of the POSS inorganic core structure impacted the thermal stability of the blends.
Combining machine‐learning and molecular‐modeling methods for drug‐target affinity predictions
Authors: Perez‐Lopez Carles , Molina Alexis , Lozoya Estrella , Segarra Victor , Municoy Marti , Guallar Victor 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMachine learning (ML) techniques offer a novel and exciting approach in the drug discovery field. One might even argue that their current expansion may push traditional MM modeling techniques to a secondary role in modeling methods. In this review article, we advocate that a combination of both techniques could be the most efficient implementation in the coming years. Focusing on drug‐target affinity predictions, we first review pure ML approaches. Then, we introduced recent developments in mixing ML and MM methods in a single combined manner. Finally, we show the detailed implementation of a real industrial prospective study where nanomolar hits, on a kinase target, were obtained by combination of state of the art Monte Carlo MM simulations (PELE) with a ML ranking function.This article is categorized under:
Structure and Mechanism > Computational Biochemistry and Biophysics
Data Science > Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning
Molecular and Statistical Mechanics > Molecular Mechanics
Moving graduate and professional education forward to develop leaders equipped to effectively address wicked problems
Authors: Kaufman Eric K. , Stedman Nicole LP 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe modern era's wicked problems create an impending need to develop leaders through graduate education, professional degree programs, and campus‐wide efforts. Shifts to leadership‐as‐practice and an eco‐leadership discourse may help transform leadership education and surface new signature pedagogies for the professions. How might the current reality drive leadership educators toward collaborative learning that aligns with these frameworks?
Leveraging your programmatic “why”: Articulating graduate leadership program value through mission alignment
Authors: Gleason Michael C. , Edelman Lauren E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article will explore why degree‐granting graduate and professional leadership programs should align with institutional missions to clearly promote program scope and value proposition to prospective students. By touting program uniqueness, graduate and professional leadership program administrators can better serve graduate students by clearly advertising what they offer, why they offer it, and how students can expect to learn leadership both in and outside the classroom.
Essential leadership concepts and models for graduate and professional school learners
Authors: Gigliotti Ralph A. , Spear Sara E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article explores the importance of providing leadership development opportunities for graduate and professional students, in addition to highlighting approaches for building leadership capacity among these students. The article concludes with a snapshot of leadership development offerings for graduate and professional audiences sponsored by institutions (curricular and co‐curricular), corporations, and professional development associations.
Against the tide: Recruiting, managing, and developing leadership faculty in graduate and professional leadership programs
Authors: Martin Jim 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article examines several vexing problems faced by faculty within leadership programs including university finances, balancing teaching, service, and research responsibilities, burnout, poor communication, and structural barriers to creating diversity among faculty. Using insights from practitioners and my experiences, I also share strategies that may help the leaders of higher education leadership programs address these challenges.
The arginine transporter Can1 acts as a transceptor for regulation of proline utilization in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Tanahashi Ryoya , Nishimura Akira , Morita Fumika , Nakazawa Hayate , Taniguchi Atsuki , Ichikawa Kazuki , Nakagami Kazuki , Boundy‐Mills Kyria , Takagi Hiroshi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractProline is the most abundant amino acid in wine and beer, because the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae hardly assimilates proline during fermentation processes. Our previous studies showed that arginine induces endocytosis of the proline transporter Put4, resulting in inhibition of proline utilization. We here report a possible role of arginine sensing in the inhibition of proline utilization. We first found that two basic amino acids, ornithine, and lysine, inhibit proline utilization by inducing Put4 endocytosis in a manner similar to arginine, but citrulline does not. Our genetic screening revealed that the arginine transporter Can1 is involved in the inhibition of proline utilization by arginine. Intriguingly, the arginine uptake activity of Can1 was not required for the arginine‐dependent inhibition of proline utilization, suggesting that Can1 has a function beyond its commonly known function of transporting arginine. More importantly, our biochemical analyses revealed that Can1 activates signaling cascades of protein kinase A in response to extracellular arginine. Hence, we proposed that Can1 regulates proline utilization by functioning as a transceptor possessing the activity of both a transporter and receptor of arginine.
Dynamics of stratifications and magnetic dipole for radiative flow of ferromagnetic Sutterby fluid
Authors: Hussain Iftikhar , Khan Waqar Azeem , Tabrez Muhammad , Irfan Muhammad 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe purpose of current work is to explore the initial working of 2D ferrofluid flow passing over an elastic sheet with effects of magnetic dipole. Sutterby fluid model is under discussion along with ferrofluids which have been studied with focus on heat and mass transfer, including thermophoresis and Brownian motion effects. The particular flow design was preferred because of its common use in numerous fields such as biomedicine and engineering. In this paper, the effects of magnetic dipoles as well as thermal radiation for stretching surface in ferromagnetic fluids flow are deliberated. Moreover, the transport mechanism of heat and mass are accounted in view of stratifications and convective conditions. In this study we investigated the nonlinear Partial differential equations (PDEs) by use of some suitable similarity transformations; however, after that these Ordinary differential equations (ODEs) were analyzed numerically by using bvp4c approach. Results of viscous dissipation, Curie temperature and effects of thermal radiation on the velocity, temperature and concentration are also under consideration. Additionally, velocities, thermal gradients as well as mass transport rates are analyzed pictorially after that certain results are concluded. The major findings of this study depend on the consequence of control parameters on thermal field, momentum, and concentration. It is observed that the temperature of the magneto‐fluid increases for higher values of thermophoresis and Brownian motion interaction as well as Curie temperature parameters. The concentration distribution of ferrofluid represents an opposite trend for thermophoresis and Brownian motion.
Validation of the Hellenic Gravity Network in the Frame of the ModernGravNet Project
Authors: Grigoriadis Vassilios N. , Andritsanos Vassilios D. , Natsiopoulos Dimitrios 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In the frame of the “Modernization of the Hellenic Gravity Network - ModernGravNet” project, relative and absolute gravity measurements were carried out at selected 1st and 2nd order benchmarks of the Hellenic gravity network. These measurements are used first for the evaluation of the network. Then, as the official network gravity values are referenced to the Potsdam gravity system, transformation parameters are determined for converting official values to the new gravity system as it is defined by the absolute gravity measurements. A northeast to southwest trend is revealed from corrections computed from the parametric modeling. Moreover, global geopotential models are assessed at the network benchmarks as a first step towards the development of a new geoid model for Greece and successively the establishment of a national geoid-based vertical datum.
Existence results for nonlocal problems governed by the regional fractional Laplacian
Authors: Fall Mouhamed Moustapha , Temgoua Remi Yvant 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe aim of the present paper is to study existence results of minimizers of the critical fractional Sobolev constant on bounded domains. Under some values of the fractional parameter we show that the best constant is achieved. If moreover the underlying domain is a ball, we obtain positive radial minimizers for all possible values of the fractional parameter in higher dimension, while we impose a positive mass condition in low dimension.
Variable functioning and its application to large scale steel frame design optimization
Authors: Gandomi Amir H. , Deb Kalyanmoy , Averill Ronald C. , Rahnamayan Shahryar , Omidvar Mohammad Nabi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo solve complex real-world problems, heuristics and concept-based approaches can be used to incorporate information into the problem. In this study, a concept-based approach called variable functioning (Fx) is introduced to reduce the optimization variables and narrow down the search space. In this method, the relationships among one or more subsets of variables are defined with functions using information prior to optimization; thus, the function variables are optimized instead of modifying the variables in the search process. By using the problem structure analysis technique and engineering expert knowledge, the Fx method is used to enhance the steel frame design optimization process as a complex real-world problem. Herein, the proposed approach was coupled with particle swarm optimization and differential evolution algorithms then applied for three case studies. The algorithms are applied to optimize the case studies by considering the relationships among column cross-section areas. The results show that Fx can significantly improve both the convergence rate and the final design of a frame structure, even if it is only used for seeding.
Entrepreneurial ecosystems in conflict regions: evidence from Ukraine
Authors: Belitski Maksim , Cherkas Nataliia , Khlystova Olena 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEntrepreneurship is a productive force of innovation and economic development. However, in post-conflict regions, there is a greater challenge in allocating entrepreneurial talent to productive entrepreneurship. In this study, we examine the entrepreneurship ecosystem, which is built on the “bottom-up” principles to understand whether its pillars can facilitate productive entrepreneurship in two Ukrainian regions shaken by multiple revolutions and regime change. We introduce a model that puts entrepreneurial conditions in cities and formal institutional changes to a competitive test. Building on the regional entrepreneurship literature, we perform an empirical study in a developing country to reveal what drives productive entrepreneurship in post-conflict regions with entrepreneurship culture, formal networks, debt and equity financing emerging as important determinants of productive entrepreneurship. The effect of formal institutions is significant but highly correlated with rent-seeking behavior of government and corruption. Our analysis suggests that the entrepreneurial conditions in regions focusing on the bottom-up processes of supporting entrepreneurship should work better to enhance productive entrepreneurship activity in a post-conflict region.
Propagation of singularities of Moreau envelopes and distance functions in a Hilbert space
Authors: Strömberg Thomas 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Moreau envelopes of nonconvex functions on a real Hilbert space have points of nondifferentiability called singularities. For the first time in an infinite-dimensional space, the propagation of singularities along intrinsic characteristic curves $${\varvec{x}}(t)$$

x

(
t
)

is studied. The properties of the intrinsic characteristics are investigated in some detail. It is proved that singularities propagate along intrinsic characteristics not only locally but globally in t. Actually, this paper distinguishes between “singularities” and “strong singularities,” two concepts that agree for distance functions but disagree for Moreau envelopes, in general. Along intrinsic characteristics, propagating singularities instantaneously transform into strong singularities. Concerning the distance function to a closed nonempty set E, it is demonstrated that the singular set and $$\complement E$$

∁
E

are homotopy equivalent provided E satisfies a certain condition which is weaker than the boundedness of $$\complement E$$

∁
E

. The notion of intrinsic characteristics was introduced by Cannarsa and Cheng (Calc Var Part Differ Equ 56, 2017).
Knockout of the Complex III subunit Uqcrh causes bioenergetic impairment and cardiac contractile dysfunction
Authors: Spielmann Nadine , Schenkl Christina , Komlódi Tímea , da Silva-Buttkus Patricia , Heyne Estelle , Rohde Jana , Amarie Oana V. , Rathkolb Birgit , Gnaiger Erich , Doenst Torsten , Fuchs Helmut , Gailus-Durner Valérie , de Angelis Martin Hrabě , Szibor Marten 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Ubiquinol cytochrome c reductase hinge protein (UQCRH) is required for the electron transfer between cytochrome c1 and c of the mitochondrial cytochrome bc1 Complex (CIII). A two-exon deletion in the human UQCRH gene has recently been identified as the cause for a rare familial mitochondrial disorder. Deletion of the corresponding gene in the mouse (Uqcrh-KO) resulted in striking biochemical and clinical similarities including impairment of CIII, failure to thrive, elevated blood glucose levels, and early death. Here, we set out to test how global ablation of the murine Uqcrh affects cardiac morphology and contractility, and bioenergetics. Hearts from Uqcrh-KO mutant mice appeared macroscopically considerably smaller compared to wildtype littermate controls despite similar geometries as confirmed by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). Relating TTE-assessed heart to body mass revealed the development of subtle cardiac enlargement, but histopathological analysis showed no excess collagen deposition. Nonetheless, Uqcrh-KO hearts developed pronounced contractile dysfunction. To assess mitochondrial functions, we used the high-resolution respirometer NextGen-O2k allowing measurement of mitochondrial respiratory capacity through the electron transfer system (ETS) simultaneously with the redox state of ETS-reactive coenzyme Q (Q), or production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Compared to wildtype littermate controls, we found decreased mitochondrial respiratory capacity and more reduced Q in Uqcrh-KO, indicative for an impaired ETS. Yet, mitochondrial ROS production was not generally increased. Taken together, our data suggest that Uqcrh-KO leads to cardiac contractile dysfunction at 9 weeks of age, which is associated with impaired bioenergetics but not with mitochondrial ROS production.
Graphical abstract
Global ablation of the Uqcrh gene results in functional impairment of CIII associated with metabolic dysfunction and postnatal developmental arrest immediately after weaning from the mother. Uqcrh-KO mice show dramatically elevated blood glucose levels and decreased ability of isolated cardiac mitochondria to consume oxygen (O2). Impaired development (failure to thrive) after weaning manifests as a deficiency in the gain of body mass and growth of internal organ including the heart. The relative heart mass seemingly increases when organ mass calculated from transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is normalized to body mass. Notably, the heart shows no signs of collagen deposition, yet does develop a contractile dysfunction reflected by a decrease in ejection fraction and fractional shortening.
The distal femoral epiphysis in forensic age diagnostics: studies on the evaluation of the ossification process by means of T1- and PD/T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Chitavishvili Natia , Papageorgiou Ismini , Malich Ansgar , Hahnemann Maria L. , Mall Gita , Mentzel Hans-Joachim , Wittschieber Daniel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe age of majority, which corresponds to the age of 18 years in most European countries, plays a crucial role for a large number of legal decisions. Accordingly, an increasing number of requests by authorities to forensic age estimation experts comprise the question of whether the age of 18 years has been reached by an individual. In recent years, novel study data suggested that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the knee might likewise allow for the determination of majority beyond reasonable doubt. However, the data basis, especially concerning the distal femoral epiphysis (DFE), is still poor. For this reason, 392 routine MRI cases of the knee (204 males and 188 females of a Western Caucasian population, aged between 12 and 25 years) were retrospectively analyzed. T1-weighted and water-selective fat-saturated PD/T2-weighted sequences, generated at 1.5 and 3.0 T clinical MR scanners, were available. Ossification stages of the DFE were determined by means of the classification system by Vieth et al. (Eur Radiol 2018; 28:3255–3262). Both the intra-observer agreement and inter-observer agreement were found to be “very good” (κ = 0.899 and κ = 0.830). The present study confirmed that MRI of the DFE is suitable to determine majority in both sexes when stage 6 is present as the study revealed minimum ages above the age of 18 years for this stage (20.40 years in males and 20.60 years in females). Accordingly, the data represent a strong support for the so far existing database. Hence, the investigation of the knee using routine MRI appears to become a realistic alternative for forensic age estimation practice in the near future.
Clinical and epidemiological correlates of treatment change in patients with NMOSD: insights from the CIRCLES cohort
Authors: Gholizadeh Shervin , Exuzides Alex , Lewis Katelyn E. , Palmer Chella , Waltz Michael , Rose John W. , Jolley Anna Marie , Behne Jacinta M. , Behne Megan K. , Blaschke Terrence F. , Smith Terry J. , Sinnott Jennifer , Cook Lawrence J. , Yeaman Michael R. ,   The Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation CIRCLES Study Group, Aguerre Ines , Amezcua Lilyana , Chitnis Tanuja , Lewis Jessica Coleman , Engel Casey , Han May H. , Klawiter Eric C. , Kocsik Alexandra , Kruse-Hoyer Mason , Levine Libby , Levy Michael , Marcille Melanie , Mealy Maureen A. , Moore Stephanie , Mullin Devin S. , Nelson Katherine E. , Onomichi Kaho B. , Planchon Sarah M. , Pruitt Ana , Repovic Pavle , Riley Claire S. , Rimler Zoe , Russo Andrew W. , Ocampo Collin Tanchanco , Tomczak Anna J. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) represent rare autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system largely targeting optic nerve(s) and spinal cord. The present analysis used real-world data to identify clinical and epidemiological correlates of treatment change in patients with NMOSD.

Methods
CIRCLES is a longitudinal, observational study of NMOSD conducted at 15 centers across North America. Patients with ≥ 60 days of follow-up and receiving on-study maintenance treatment were evaluated. The mean annual relapse rate (ARR) was estimated using negative binomial models; the likelihood of treatment change was estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. Relapses were included as time-varying covariates to estimate the relationship to treatment change.

Results
Of 542 patients included, 171 (31.5%) experienced ≥ 1 relapse on the study and 133 patients (24.5%) had ≥ 1 change in the treatment regimen. Two categories of variables significantly correlated with the likelihood of treatment change: (1) relapse: any on-study relapse (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.91; p < 0.001), relapse phenotypes (HR range = 2.15–5.49; p < 0.001), and pre-study ARR > 0.75 (HR 2.28; p < 0.001); 2) disease phenotype: brain syndrome only vs transverse myelitis involvement at onset (HR 2.44; p = 0.008), disease duration < 1 vs > 5 years (HR 1.66; p = 0.028), or autoimmune comorbidity (HR 1.55; p = 0.015). A subset of these factors significantly correlated with shorter time to first rituximab discontinuation.

Conclusions
In CIRCLES, relapse patterns and disease phenotype significantly correlated with changes in the maintenance treatment regimen. Such findings may facilitate the identification of patients with NMOSD who are likely to benefit from treatment change to reduce relapse risk or disease burden and enhance the quality of life.