bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anxiety and depression in patients aged 80 years and older following aortic valve therapy. A six-month follow-up study
Authors: Eide Leslie S. P. , Fridlund Bengt , Hufthammer Karl Ove , Haaverstad Rune , Packer Erik J. S. , Ranhoff Anette H. , Thompson David R. , Norekvål Tone M. ,   The CARDELIR Investigators
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Little is known about mental health following advanced cardiac procedures in the oldest patients.

Aims
To study changes in anxiety and depression from baseline to one- and six-month follow-up in older patients following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) or surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR).

Methods
Prospective cohort study of patients ≥ 80 years undergoing elective TAVI or SAVR in a tertiary university hospital. Anxiety and depression were assessed with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Differences between TAVI/SAVR were analyzed using Welch’s t test or chi-squared. Changes over time and group differences were established with longitudinal models using generalized least squares.

Results
In 143 patients (83.5 ± 2.7 years), 46% (n = 65) received TAVI. Anxiety was identified in 11% of TAVI patients at baseline. One- and six-months later, percentages were 8% and 9%. In SAVR patients, 18% had baseline scores indicating anxiety. One and six-months later, percentages were 11% and 9%. Depression was identified in 15% of TAVI patients. One- and six-months later, percentages were 11% and 17%. At baseline, 11% of SAVR patients had scores indicating depression. One- and six-months after SAVR, percentages were 15% and 12%. Longitudinal analyses showed reductions (P < 0.001) in anxiety from baseline to one-month, and stable scores between one- and six-months for both treatment groups. There was no change over time for depression among treatment groups (P = 0.21).

Discussion and conclusions
SAVR or TAVI in patients ≥ 80 years was associated with anxiety reduction between baseline and follow-up. For depression, there was no evidence of change over time in either treatment group.

Graphical abstract
Study on the disaster caused by the linkage failure of the residual coal pillar and rock stratum during multiple coal seam mining: mechanism of progressive and dynamic failure
Authors: Tan Yunliang , Ma Qing , Liu Xiaoli , Liu Xuesheng , Elsworth Derek , Qian Ruipeng , Shang Junlong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMulti-seam mining often leads to the retention of a significant number of coal pillars for purposes such as protection, safety, or water isolation. However, stress concentration beneath these residual coal pillars can significantly impact their strength and stability when mining below them, potentially leading to hydraulic support failure, surface subsidence, and rock bursting. To address this issue, the linkage between the failure and instability of residual coal pillars and rock strata during multi-seam mining is examined in this study. Key controls include residual pillar spalling, safety factor (fs), local mine stiffness (LMS), and the post-peak stiffness (kc) of the residual coal pillar. Limits separating the two forms of failure, progressive versus dynamic, are defined. Progressive failure results at lower stresses when the coal pillar transitions from indefinitely stable (fs > 1.5) to failing (fs < 1.5) when the coal pillar can no longer remain stable for an extended duration, whereas sudden (unstable) failure results when the strength of the pillar is further degraded and fails. The transition in mode of failure is defined by the LMS/kc ratio. Failure transitions from quiescent to dynamic as LMS/kc < 1, which can cause chain pillar instability propagating throughout the mine. This study provides theoretical guidance to define this limit to instability of residual coal pillars for multi-seam mining in similar mines.
SSTP: Social and Spatial-Temporal Aware Next Point-of-Interest Recommendation
Authors: Wu Junzhuang , Zhang Yujing , Li Yuhua , Zou Yixiong , Li Ruixuan , Zhang Zhenyu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe expansion of available information in location-based social networks (LBSNs) has led to information overload, making it urgent to discover users’ next point-of-interest (POI). Some existing works only consider certain modal information in LBSNs and do not transform them into high-dimensional structures, which hinders the alleviation of the data sparsity problem. Moreover, many approaches rely solely on social relationships, making it difficult to recommend POIs to new users without association information. To tackle these challenges, we propose a social- and spatial–temporal-aware next point-of-Interest (SSTP) recommendation model. SSTP uses two feature encoders based on self-attention mechanism and gate recurrent unit to model users’ check-in enhancement sequence hierarchically. We also design a random neighborhood sampling approach to mine user social relationships, thus alleviating the user cold start problem. Finally, we propose a geographical-aware graph attention network to learn the sensitivity of users to distance. Extensive experiments on two real-world datasets show that SSTP outperforms state-of-the-art models, improving Hit@k by 2.26–6.55$$\%$$
%
and MAP@k by 3.49–6.55$$\%$$
%
. Moreover, SSTP has better performance on sparse data, with an average improvement of 6.09$$\%$$
%
on the Hit@k. The code can be downloaded at https://github.com/Rih0/sstp.
Die (Neu‑)Ordnung des Feldes
Authors: Rose Dirk 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungDer vorliegende Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit den Sammelrezensionen in der Gründungsphase der DVjs und fragt danach, welche Rolle sie bei der Durchsetzung des Forschungsparadigmas ›Geistesgeschichte‹ gespielt haben. Dafür wird zunächst die Textsorte Sammelrezension im Kontext der Zeitschrift näher bestimmt sowie ihr strategisches Potenzial bei der (Neu‑)Ordnung größerer Forschungsgebiete analysiert. Im Anschluss wird nach der polemischen Funktion gefragt, die solchen Sammelrezensionen innewohnt, und welche Relevanz das für die DVjs in ihrer Gründungsphase hatte. Abschließend werden diese Überlegungen am Beispiel der Barockforschung exemplifiziert.
Relationship between the tensile modulus and the thermal conductivity perpendicular and in the fiber direction of PAN-based carbon fibers
Authors: Bard Simon , Tran Thomas , Schönl Florian , Rosenfeldt Sabine , Demleitner Martin , Ruckdäschel Holger , Retsch Markus , Altstädt Volker 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA thorough knowledge and understanding of the structure–property relationship between thermal conductivity and C-fiber morphology is important to estimate the behavior of carbon fiber components, especially under thermal loading. In this paper, the thermal conductivities of different carbon fibers with varying tensile modulus were analyzed perpendicular and parallel to the fiber direction. Besides the measurement of carbon fiber reinforced polymers, we also measured the thermal conductivity of single carbon fibers directly. The measurements clearly proved that the thermal conductivity increased with the tensile modulus both in fiber and perpendicular direction. The increase is most pronounced in fiber direction. We ascribed the increase in tensile modules and thermal conductivity to increasing anisotropy resulting from the orientation of graphitic domains and microvoids.
Graphical abstract
Regulation of 20α-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Expression in Term Pregnant Human Myometrium Ex Vivo
Authors: Paul Marina , Barreda Anna Paredes , Gregson Amy , Kahl Richard , King Madeline , Hussein Waleed M. , Walker Frederick R. , Smith Roger , Zakar Tamas , Paul Jonathan W. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMetabolic inactivation of progesterone within uterine myocytes by 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20α-HSD) has been postulated as a mechanism contributing to functional progesterone withdrawal at term. In humans, 20α-HSD is encoded by the gene AKR1C1. Myometrial AKR1C1 mRNA abundance has been reported to increase significantly during labor at term. In spontaneous preterm labor, however, we previously found no increase in AKR1C1 mRNA level in the myometrium except for preterm labor associated with clinical chorioamnionitis. This suggests that increased 20α-HSD activity is a mechanism through which inflammation drives progesterone withdrawal in preterm labor. In this study, we have determined the effects of various treatments of therapeutic relevance on AKR1C1 expression in pregnant human myometrium in an ex vivo culture system. AKR1C1 expression increased spontaneously during 48 h culture (p < 0.0001), consistent with the myometrium transitioning to a labor-like phenotype ex vivo, as reported previously. Serum supplementation, prostaglandin F2α, phorbol myristate acetate, and mechanical stretch had no effect on the culture-induced increase, whereas progesterone (p = 0.0058) and cAMP (p = 0.0202) further upregulated AKR1C1 expression. In contrast, culture-induced upregulation of AKR1C1 expression was dose-dependently repressed by three histone/protein deacetylase inhibitors: trichostatin A at 5 (p = 0.0172) and 25 µM (p = 0.0115); suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid at 0.5 (p = 0.0070), 1 (p = 0.0045), 2.5 (p = 0.0181), 5 (p = 0.0066) and 25 µM (p = 0.0014); and suberoyl bis-hydroxamic acid at 5 (p = 0.0480) and 25 µM (p = 0.0238). We propose the inhibition of histone/protein deacetylation helps to maintain the anti-inflammatory, pro-quiescence signaling of progesterone in pregnant human myometrium by blocking its metabolic inactivation. Histone deacetylase inhibitors may represent a class of agents that preserve or restore the progesterone sensitivity of the pregnant uterus.
An Optimization-Based Decision Support Tool for Incremental Train Timetabling
Authors: Kloster Oddvar , Luteberget Bjørnar , Mannino Carlo , Sartor Giorgio 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe consider the typical workflow of a route planner in the context of short-term train timetabling, that is, the incremental process of adjusting a timetable for the next day or up to the next year. This process usually alternates between (1) making rough modifications to an existing timetable (e.g., shifting the departure of a train by half an hour) and then (2) making small adjustments to regain feasibility (e.g., reduce or increase the dwell time of some trains in some stations). The most time-consuming element of this process is related to the second step, that is to manually eliminate all conflicts that may arise after a timetable has been modified. In this work, we propose a mixed-integer programming model tailored to solve precisely this problem, that is to find a conflict-free timetable that is as close as possible to a given one. Previous related work mostly focused on creating complex models to produce “optimal” timetables from scratch, which ultimately resulted in little to no practical applications. By using a simpler model, and by trusting route planners in steering the process towards a timetable with the desired qualities, we can get closer to handle real-life instances. The model has been integrated in a user interface that was tested and validated by Norwegian route planners to plan the yearly timetable of a busy railway line in Norway.
Medico-legal issues related to emergency physicians’ documentation in Canadian emergency departments
Authors: Smith Jeffrey D. , Lemay Karen , Lee Shirley , Nuth Janet , Ji Jun , Montague Kim , Garber Gary E. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Physician documentation plays a central role in the delivery of safe patient care. It describes a physician’s clinical decision-making and supports essential communication between healthcare providers within the patient’s circle of care. Good documentation can potentially also decrease a physician’s medico-legal risk. This study provides examples of documentation issues attributed to physicians practicing emergency medicine as identified by peer experts in civil legal actions, regulatory authority complaints (College) and hospital complaints (collectively, medico-legal cases) in Canada.

Methods
We conducted a descriptive study and content analysis of medico-legal cases involving emergency department physicians from a national repository at the Canadian Medical Protective Association. Cases with peer expert criticism of an emergency physician’s documentation, which were closed between 2016 and 2020, and occurred in an emergency department were included in our analysis.

Results
Of the 1628 cases involving emergency medicine, our inclusion criteria identified that absent or insufficiently detailed documentation was present in 24% of cases (391/1,628). A detailed review of 20% of the cases (79/391), selected randomly, found that documentation issues were most often associated with the assessment and investigation stage of care. This pertained to documenting details of the clinical examination, relevant medical history, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis.

Conclusions
For physicians practicing emergency medicine, criticism of documentation was frequently observed in medico-legal cases. Based on the findings of this study and the expert criticism related to documentation, emergency medicine physicians may consider reflecting upon their documentation of the care provided to determine if their documentation provides a clear and accurate chronicle of the care and the rationale for their clinical decisions.
Ferromagnetic and insulating behavior in both half magnetic levitation and non-levitation LK-99 like samples
Authors: Wang Pinyuan , Liu Xiaoqi , Ge Jun , Ji Chengcheng , Ji Haoran , Liu Yanzhao , Ai Yiwen , Ma Gaoxing , Qi Shichao , Wang Jian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFinding materials exhibiting superconductivity at room temperature has long been one of the ultimate goals in physics and material science. Recently, room-temperature superconducting properties have been claimed in a copper substituted lead phosphate apatite (Pb10-xCux(PO4)6O, or called LK-99) (Lee et al. in J. Korean Cryst. Growth Cryst. Technol. 33:61, 2023; Lee et al. in The first room-temperature ambient-pressure superconductor, 2023; Lee et al. in Superconductor Pb10-xCux(PO4)6O showing levitation at room temperature and atmospheric pressure and mechanism, 2023). Using a similar approach, we have prepared LK-99 like samples and confirmed the half-levitation behaviors in some small specimens under the influence of a magnet at room temperature. To examine the magnetic properties of our samples, we have performed systematic magnetization measurements on the as-grown LK-99 like samples, including the half-levitated and non-levitated samples. The magnetization measurements show the coexistence of soft-ferromagnetic and diamagnetic signals in both half-levitated and non-levitated samples. The electrical transport measurements on the as-grown LK-99 like samples including both half-levitated and non-levitated samples show an insulating behavior characterized by the increasing resistivity with the decreasing temperature.
The First Crested Duck Genome Reveals Clues to Genetic Compensation and Crest Cushion Formation
Authors: Chang Guobin , Yuan Xiaoya , Guo Qixin , Bai Hao , Cao Xiaofang , Liu Meng , Wang Zhixiu , Li Bichun , Wang Shasha , Jiang Yong , Wang Zhiquan , Zhang Yang , Xu Qi , Song Qianqian , Pan Rui , Qiu Lingling , Gu Tiantian , Wu Xinsheng , Bi Yulin , Cao Zhengfeng , Zhang Yu , Chen Yang , Li Hong , Liu Jianfeng , Dai Wangcheng , Chen Guohong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The Chinese crested (CC) duck is a unique indigenous waterfowl breed, which has a crest cushion that affects its survival rate. Therefore, the CC duck is an ideal model to investigate the genetic compensation response to maintain genetic stability. In the present study, we first generated a chromosome-level genome of CC ducks. Comparative genomics revealed that genes related to tissue repair, immune function, and tumors were under strong positive selection, indicating that these adaptive changes might enhance cancer resistance and immune response to maintain the genetic stability of CC ducks. We also assembled a Chinese spot-billed (Csp-b) duck genome, and detected the structural variations (SVs) in the genome assembl ies of three ducks (i.e., CC duck, Csp-b duck, and Peking duck). Functional analysis revealed that several SVs were related to the immune system of CC ducks, further strongly suggesting that genetic compensation in the anti-tumor and immune systems supports the survival of CC ducks. Moreover, we confirmed that the CC duck originated from the mallard ducks. Finally, we revealed the physiological and genetic basis of crest traits and identified a causative mutation in TAS2R40 that leads to crest formation. Overall, the findings of this study provide new insights into the role of genetic compensation in adaptive evolution.
Doing Moral Philosophy Without ‘Normativity’
Authors: DANNENBERG JORAH 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis essay challenges widespread talk about morality's ‘normativity’. My principal target is not any specific claim or thesis in the burgeoning literature on ‘normativity’, however. Rather, I aim to discourage the use of the word among moral philosophers altogether and to reject a claim to intradisciplinary authority that is both reflected in and reinforced by the role the word has come to play in the discipline. My hope is to persuade other philosophers who, like me, persist in being interested in long-standing questions about our morals to be considerably more suspicious about the word's actual value for us and to see those studying ‘normativity’ itself as having little to offer us when it comes to posing our questions about morals and debating the answers to them.
Adaptation of a population to a changing environment in the light of quasi-stationarity
Authors: Velleret Aurélien 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe analyze the long-term stability of a stochastic model designed to illustrate the adaptation of a population to variation in its environment. A piecewise deterministic process modeling adaptation is coupled to a Feller logistic diffusion modeling population size. As the individual features in the population become further away from the optimal ones, the growth rate declines, making population extinction more likely. Assuming that the environment changes deterministically and steadily in a constant direction, we obtain the existence and uniqueness of the quasi-stationary distribution, the associated survival capacity, and theQ-process. Our approach also provides several exponential convergence results (in total variation for the measures). From this synthetic information, we can characterize the efficiency of internal adaptation (i.e. population turnover from mutant invasions). When the latter is lacking, there is still stability, but because of the high level of population extinction. Therefore, any characterization of internal adaptation should be based on specific features of this quasi-ergodic regime rather than the mere existence of the regime itself.
Improved Metropolis–Hastings algorithms via landscape modification with applications to simulated annealing and the Curie–Weiss model
Authors: Choi Michael C. H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we propose new Metropolis–Hastings and simulated annealing algorithms on a finite state space via modifying the energy landscape. The core idea of landscape modification rests on introducing a parameter c, such that the landscape is modified once the algorithm is above this threshold parameter to encourage exploration, while the original landscape is utilized when the algorithm is below the threshold for exploitation purposes. We illustrate the power and benefits of landscape modification by investigating its effect on the classical Curie–Weiss model with Glauber dynamics and external magnetic field in the subcritical regime. This leads to a landscape-modified mean-field equation, and with appropriate choice of c the free energy landscape can be transformed from a double-well into a single-well landscape, while the location of the global minimum is preserved on the modified landscape. Consequently, running algorithms on the modified landscape can improve the convergence to the ground state in the Curie–Weiss model. In the setting of simulated annealing, we demonstrate that landscape modification can yield improved or even subexponential mean tunnelling time between global minima in the low-temperature regime by appropriate choice of c, and we give a convergence guarantee using an improved logarithmic cooling schedule with reduced critical height. We also discuss connections between landscape modification and other acceleration techniques, such as Catoni’s energy transformation algorithm, preconditioning, importance sampling, and quantum annealing. The technique developed in this paper is not limited to simulated annealing, but is broadly applicable to any difference-based discrete optimization algorithm by a change of landscape.
The use and misuse of evolutionary psychology in online manosphere communities: The case of female mating strategies
Authors: Bachaud Louis , Johns Sarah E. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
While early evolutionary accounts of female sexuality insisted on coyness and monogamous tendencies, evidence from the field of primatology started challenging those assumptions in the 1970s. Decades later, there exist many competing and overlapping hypotheses stressing the potential fitness benefits of female short-term and extra-pair mating. Female mammals are now seen as enacting varied and flexible reproductive strategies. This is both a victory for science, with a better fit between theory and reality, and for feminism, with the downfall of narrow stereotypes about female sexuality. However, evolutionary hypotheses on female mating strategies are routinely invoked among the antifeminist online communities collectively known as ‘the manosphere’. Based on extensive qualitative analysis of manosphere discourse, this study shows how these hypotheses are sometimes interpreted in misogynistic online spaces. Indeed, evolutionary scholars might be surprised to see sexist worldviews reinforced by the ‘dual mating strategy’ and ‘sexy son’ hypotheses, or by the latest research on the ovulatory cycle. The manosphere has its own version of evolutionary psychology, mingling cutting-edge scientific theories and hypotheses with personal narratives, sexual double standards and misogynistic beliefs. After analysing this phenomenon, this article suggests ways to mitigate it.
The butyrate-producing and spore-forming bacterial genus Coprococcus as a potential biomarker for neurological disorders
Authors: Notting Fleur , Pirovano Walter , Sybesma Wilbert , Kort Remco 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The host–intestinal microbiome interaction has gained much scientific attention in the past two decades, boosted by advances in DNA sequencing and cultivation techniques. An accumulating amount of evidence shows that gut microbes play crucial roles in gut homeostasis, immune system education, and are associated with quality-of-life indicators. Beneficial health factors are associated with the digestion of dietary fibres in the colon and the subsequent production of short-chain fatty acids, including acetate, propionate, and butyrate. Coprococcus is a butyrate-producing genus in the phylum Firmicutes, and its abundance is inversely correlated with several neuropsychological and neurodegenerative disorders. Case–control studies provide strong evidence of decreased abundance of Coprococcus spp. in depressed individuals. The species Coprococcus eutactus has the unique capacity to use two separate pathways for butyrate synthesis and has been found to be depleted in children with delayed language development and adults with Parkinson’s disease. The combined literature on Coprococcus and the gut microbiota–brain axis points towards enhanced butyrate production and reduced colonisation of pathogenic clades as factors explaining its association with health effects. The genus Coprococcus is a promising candidate for a mental health biomarker and an interesting lead for novel dietary-based preventive therapies for specific neurological disorders.