bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Doctor for a day: the impact of a health professions enrichment program on self-efficacy
Authors: Coler Celeste , Patel Kareena , Balatico A. J. , Ro Kumhee , Villarreal Joshua , Coronado Nora , Williams Estell 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionHealth profession enrichment programs for underrepresented minority students are crucial to supporting students’ interest in healthcare careers and improving preparedness for important academic and professional milestones. Doctor for a Day, an enrichment program at the University of Washington School of Medicine, hosts monthly events where underrepresented kindergarten-12th grade students are exposed to careers in medicine by healthcare professionals from diverse backgrounds.MethodsThis study investigates to what extent participation in Doctor for a Day programming improves self-efficacy using a survey study of 958 students who attended at least one Doctor for a Day event between 2017 and 2023.ResultsUsing an evaluation tool composed of six questions, our results demonstrate that participation in Doctor for a Day programming increases self-efficacy and interest in medicine as a career. Analysis of these results found significant differences in responses based on grade level, with students in high school demonstrating the largest improvement in self-efficacy.DiscussionThese findings underscore the value of such enrichment programs and offer insights for the development of similar initiatives.
Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and its response to seasonal variation in alpine grassland of the eastern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Dong Wanqing , Ding Tingting , Duan Tingyu 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionArbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi play a crucial role in maintaining diversity and ensuring the proper functioning of grassland ecosystems. A comprehensive understanding of the diversity, distribution patterns, and drivers of AM fungi in different habitats is essential for exploring the ecological roles in grassland ecosystems.MethodsIn this study, we utilized high-throughput sequencing technology to explore the diversity of AM fungi and their distribution at an altitude of approximately 3,500 m in the alpine grassland of the eastern Tibetan Plateau. Additionally, we investigated the impacts of seasonal variation on AM fungal communities.ResultsA total of 97 species of AM fungi, comprising 937 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belong to 9 families and 10 genera, were identified from the soil samples. Notably, the genera Glomus and Paraglomus were the most abundant and dominant within the identified communities. The composition, distribution, and diversity of the AM fungal communities in the alpine grassland of the eastern Tibetan Plateau were significantly affected by seasonal variation (p &lt; 0.05), with geographic distance being a determining factor. Total nitrogen (TN), soil organic matter (SOM), and pH were identified as the key soil factors driving changes in AM fungal communities.DiscussionThe results demonstrated that the characteristics of AM fungal communities in the alpine grasslands of the eastern Tibetan Plateau were affected by seasonal variations and geographic location, and these findings are significant for the application of AM fungi in the restoration of grassland in similar ecosystems.
TaiChi-MSS protocol: enhancing cognitive and brain function in MCI patients through Tai Chi exercise combined with multisensory stimulation
Authors: Zhou Chunhui , Yang Ganfeng , Wang Yinying , Zhu Ruiting , Zhu Dong 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundThe aging population in China is confronted with considerable challenges, with 14.71% of elderly individuals affected by mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The practice of Tai Chi has been demonstrated to enhance cognitive function, while sensory stimulation has been shown to facilitate neural activity. Nevertheless, the combined impact of Tai Chi and sensory stimulation on cognitive, sensory functions, and brain activation in older adults with MCI remains uncertain. This study aims to ascertain whether the integration of Tai Chi with sensory stimulation can facilitate more efficacious interventions for these outcomes.Methods and analysisThe TaiChi-MSS (Tai Chi and Multisensory Stimulation for Cognitive Function) study is a multi-center, randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted in Suzhou and Shanghai, enrolling 88 participants aged 60 years or older with MCI. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of four groups: Tai Chi, multisensory stimulation, Tai Chi combined with multisensory stimulation or control. The intervention will last 6 months, with follow-up assessments at 3, 6, and 9 months. Primary outcomes include cognitive and sensory assessments, assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), domain-specific cognitive tests, Pure Tone Audiometry (PTA), and Sniffin’ Sticks Odor Identification Test. Secondary outcomes involve brain activation, measured through functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) scans. fMRI will be used to assess brain structure and connectivity changes, focusing on neuroplasticity. Data will be analyzed using mixed-effects models. The False Discovery Rate (FDR) will be the correction method for multiple comparisons to control for the expected proportion of false positives.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the ethics committee of Shanghai University of Sport (No. 102772023RT200). The results of this study will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and presented at academic conferences.
Typing of HLA susceptibility alleles as complementary tool in diagnosis of controversial cases of pediatric celiac disease
Authors: Ruera Carolina Naymé , Guzman Luciana , Menendez Lorena , Orellano Laura , Girard Bosch María Cecilia , Catassi Carlo , Chirdo Fernando Gabriel 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesDiagnosis of celiac disease (CeD), an immune-mediated disorder, is based on clinical presentation, a panel of serological markers, and the histopathological findings in duodenal biopsies. Commonly, pediatric CeD patients fulfill these criteria for diagnosis. However, lack of correlation between serology tests and histology, or no accessible biopsies because of clinical conditions or during the COVID pandemic, are conditions that led to inconclusive diagnoses. Since the majority of CeD patients carry HLA-DQ2 and/or DQ8 alleles, HLA testing is used as a complementary tool in diagnosis though is costly and not broadly available for gastroenterology centers.MethodsWe performed a retrospective study to assess the performance of HLA testing when applied to selected groups of patients who could not be definitely diagnosed following the common algorithm. Eighty patients underwent testing for CeD-related HLA-DQ2 and DQ8 alleles.ResultsHLA typing contributed to diagnosis in 34 patients with positive serology but normal mucosa or those who presented negative serology or slightly positive serology (less than 3 times ULN) and duodenal histopathological changes. In patients with normal histology and negative or slightly positive serology, or those who did not undergo intestinal biopsy (39 in total), HLA typing contributed to CeD diagnosis in 23 cases, only 16 patients were admitted for a clinical follow-up program.ConclusionHLA-DQ typing supported the diagnosis in 57 of 80 children (71.2%) with previously inconclusive results, providing a beneficial approach for diagnosing celiac disease (CeD) in selected cases.
Network pharmacology combined with molecular docking and experimental validation of the mechanism of action of columbianetin acetate in the treatment of ovarian cancer
Authors: Hu Mengling , Wang Luyao , Zhang Feiyue , Xie Yiluo , Zhang Tingting , Liu Hongli , Li Zhenghong , Zhang Jing 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundOvarian cancer is the most prevalent malignant tumor of the female reproductive system and has the highest mortality rate among gynecological cancers. Columbianetin acetate (CE) is one of the active ingredients of Angelica sinensis, which has good antifungal and anti-inflammatory activities. However, its potential mechanism of action in ovarian cancer remains unclear. This study used network pharmacology and molecular docking technology to investigate the molecular mechanism and material basis of CE in the treatment of ovarian cancer, and further verified by in vitro experiments.MethodsRelevant targets for CE were obtained from TCMSP and SwissTargetPrediction databases. OMIM, GeneCards and DisGeNET databases were applied to screen ovarian cancer-related targets. The STRING database to obtain protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Then key targets were obtained using Cytoscape software, followed by expression, survival and ROC diagnostic analyses of core genes using R software. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed using the DAVID database. Binding ability of CE to core targets was assessed by molecular docking. KEGG sites were used to predict core gene-related pathways. Subsequently, in vitro cellular experiments were performed to further investigate the molecular mechanism of CE treatment for ovarian cancer.ResultsA total of 55 CE-ovarian cancer interaction targets were identified using network pharmacology techniques. Among these, eight key targets —ESR1, GSK3B, JAK2, MAPK1, MDM2, PARP1, PIK3CA, and SRC—were screened using Cytoscape software. Core genes ESR1, GSK3B and JAK2 were obtained based on expression, prognostic and diagnostic values using R software. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses indicated that CE treatment of ovarian cancer might be related to PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, ErbB signaling pathway and Ras signaling pathway. The molecular docking results showed that CE had good binding ability with core targets ESR1, GSK3B and JAK2. The results of in vitro cellular experiments indicated that CE may inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of ovarian cancer and promote apoptosis by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/GSK3B pathway.ConclusionsBased on the network pharmacology approach, we predicted the potential mechanism of CE for the treatment of ovarian cancer, which provided a new idea for further research on its pharmacological mechanism.
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of insulin lispro 25 versus the original preparation (Humalog®25) in Chinese healthy male volunteers
Authors: Zhu Mingxue , Chen Yuan , Wan Lei , Li Zhongping , Pu Junliang , Tang Chengyong 
Published: February 2025

Background: There are approximately 537 million adults with diabetes worldwide, and insulin still plays an important role in its treatment. However, the long-term use of insulin imposes a significant financial burden on patients. This study aims to explore the pharmacokinetic (PK)/ pharmacodynamic (PD) parameters of generic premixed insulin lispro 25 (25% insulin lispro and 75% protamine zinc lispro) and evaluate the bio-equivalence between generic and brand-name preparations to reduce medical costs while ensuring the effectiveness and safety of treatment.Research design and method: This is a single-center, randomized, open-label, two-period, crossover study. This study recruited 52 healthy volunteers and randomly divided them into two sequences to receive either the test (T) preparation or the reference (R) preparation in each period (Chinese Drug Trial Identifier: CTR20202288, URL: http://www.chinadrugtrials.org.cn). The C-peptide and plasma concentration of lispro 25 were analyzed using ELISA and high-performance liquid chromatography, respectively. A euglycemic clamp was used to measure the glucose infusion rate (GIR). The main PK parameters (AUC0-t and Cmax) and PD parameters (GIRmax and GIRAUC0-t) and the evaluation of bioequivalence were calculated using WinNonlin 8.3.1.Results: The quality of the clamp was approved by stable blood glucose and inhibited C-peptide levels. For PK parameters, the Cmax values of the T and R preparations were 1.40 ± 0.452 and 1.36 ± 0.418 ng·mL-1, respectively, and the AUC0–24h values were 497 ± 107 and 510 ± 86.2 ng h·mL-1, respectively. For PD parameters, GIRmax values were 4.47 ± 2.12 and 4.12 ± 1.81 mg kg·min-1, and AUCGIR0–24h values were 2,994 ± 1,232 and 2,994 ± 941 mg h·kg·min-1 for T and R, respectively. The 90% confidence intervals (CIs) for the geometric mean ratio (test/reference) of the main PK parameters (AUC0-t and Cmax) and PD parameters (GIRmax and GIRAUC0-t) in both cohorts were within the range of 80%–125%. Furthermore, there was no significant hypoglycemia and serious adverse events (SAEs) observed in this study.Conclusion: Bio-equivalence between insulin lispro (R) (Humalog®25) and insulin lispro (T) was demonstrated, with both showing good tolerance in healthy Chinese volunteers. The results provide evidence supporting the interchangeability of different drug formulations and offer more options for clinical drug use.
Fenvalerate exposure induces AKT/AMPK-dependent alterations in glucose metabolism in hepatoma cells
Authors: Sun Lu , Cui Zheng-Guo , Feng Qianwen , Muhammad Jibran Sualeh , Jin Yu-Jie , Zhao Songji , Zhou Lingqi , Wu Cheng-AI 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundFenvalerate (Fen) is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide significantly associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Tumor cells exhibit a shift in glucose metabolism, known as the Warburg effect. Accordingly, we aimed to elucidate whether Fen interferes with insulin signaling and affects hepatoma cell metabolism.MethodsThe cells were subjected to Fen to assess glucose uptake, acidification, oxygen consumption, and ATP production. ROS generation, mitochondrial membrane potentials, and protein expression were evaluated by flow cytometry, immunofluorescence microscopy, and western blot analyses.ResultsOur results demonstrated that Fen promotes glucose uptake, lactate production, and ATP generation in various cancer cells. Moreover, Fen enhanced insulin receptor phosphorylation and upregulated p-AKT/p-AMPK expression. Fen enhanced insulin receptor sensitivity and endocytosis via reactive oxygen species generation rather than the PP2B pathway. Additionally, the antioxidants N-acetyl-L-cysteine and ascorbic acid reversed the Fen-induced increase in glycolysis. Finally, chronic Fen exposure protected hepatoma cells against metformin-induced cell death via the AKT/AMPK pathway.ConclusionThese findings raise concerns regarding the safety of Fen and its potential role in altering cancer cell metabolism, affecting insulin signaling and treating drug resistance, thereby necessitating further research.
A study on the effects of modified sprint interval trainingon physical fitness test scores and the quantitative and dose-response relationships among Chinese male university students
Authors: Huang Guoyuan , Chen Yang , Lee ByungChan , Qiu Yipeng , Mao Aqiang , Liang Maolong , Liu Maojie 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionThis study primarily investigates the impact of a 6-week Sprint Interval Training (SIT) intervention on the physical fitness test results of male university students, as well as the dose-response relationship in adjusting the experimental protocol.MethodsA total of 26 male university students (aged 20 ± 2 years; height 174 ± 7 cm; weight 70 ± 14 kg; mean ± SD) with no systematic training in the past 3 months, no physiological diseases, and healthy physical condition voluntarily participated in the experiment. The SIT protocol was designed based on a classic Wingate sprint protocol (4-6 x 30 s sprints with 4 m of recovery), and adjustments were made based on the participants' actual adaptation. The final intervention consisted of 6 weeks of training, three times per week, with 2-3 repetitions of 30-s Wingate sprints (Cd = 0.075, resistance on the ergometer = weight/kg x Cd) and 4–5 m of recovery.ResultsThe results showed significant improvements in key anaerobic capacity indicators after the 6-week intervention: Average Power (AP) increased from 77.4 ± 10.1 to 132.6 ± 21.1 (p &lt; 0.01, Adjusted p &lt; 0.03 ment, with a maximum effect size of 3.344), Peak Power (PP) increased from 102.9 ± 14.5 to 189.5 ± 28.8 (p &lt; 0.01, Adjusted p &lt; 0.02, maximum effect 3.790), and Time to Peak Power (TTP) decreased from 12.3 ± 3.3 to 9.5 ± 2.6 (p &lt; 0.01), confirming that the intervention enhanced the participants' anaerobic capacity. Additionally, The results of the physical fitness test showed significant improvements: standing long jump (SLJ) increased from 2.31 ± 0.15 m to 2.45 ± 0.18 m (significance level p &lt; 0.01), 50 m sprint time decreased from 7.32 ± 0.42 s to 6.98 ± 0.38 s (significance level p &lt; 0.01), and 1,000 m from 235.6 ± 18.4 s to 220.3 ± 16.8 s (significance level p &lt; 0.01). Other metrics such as Body mass, BMI, Vital capacity, and Pull-ups also showed minor increases. Interestingly, Sit forward in a sitting position scores showed a noticeable improvement (from 12.9 ± 6.8 to 15.8 ± 6.2, p = 0.091).DiscussionFurthermore, The adjustment of the training programme has achieved good results, as evidenced by the fact that participants have achieved a training completion rate of over 95%, maintained a moderate subjective fatigue rating (RPE score of 13-15), and no one has withdrawn from the training due to discomfort.ConclusionThe modified SIT protocol proves to be an efficient and practical training method for improving college students' physical fitness.
Young adult partner phubbing and relationship satisfaction: the mediating role of attachment anxiety and the moderating role of constructive conflict coping style
Authors: Han Yichu , Li Xin , Song WeiLing , He Yifan 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionThis study investigates the association between young adult partner phubbing and relationship satisfaction, with a focus on the mediating role of attachment anxiety and the moderating role of constructive conflict coping styles (voice or loyalty). Understanding these dynamics is crucial for enhancing relationship satisfaction among young adults.MethodsA sample of 837 undergraduate students (376 male students; average age 21.02 ± 1.931 years) was recruited to complete questionnaires assessing young adult partner phubbing, relationship satisfaction, attachment anxiety, and constructive conflict coping styles. The data were analyzed to explore the mediating and moderating effects within the proposed model.ResultsThe findings revealed that young adult partner phubbing was negatively associated with relationship satisfaction. This relationship was mediated by attachment anxiety, indicating that higher levels of phubbing increased attachment anxiety, which in turn decreased relationship satisfaction. Additionally, the relationship between attachment anxiety and relationship satisfaction was moderated by constructive conflict coping styles, suggesting that individuals who employed voice or loyalty coping strategies experienced a less pronounced negative impact on their relationship satisfaction.DiscussionThis study enhances our understanding of the mechanisms through which partner phubbing affects relationship satisfaction. The findings highlight the importance of addressing attachment anxiety and promoting constructive conflict coping strategies to mitigate the negative effects of phubbing. Practical implications for improving relationship satisfaction among young adult partners are discussed, emphasizing the need for interventions that foster healthy communication and conflict resolution skills.
Sex as a moderator in the associations between psychopathy facets and aggressiveness
Authors: Kjærvik Sophie L. , Thomson Nicholas D. 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionPsychopathy reliably predicts aggression, making it valuable for violence prevention. However, research on sex differences within the 4-facet model, which includes affective, interpersonal, lifestyle, and antisocial facets of psychopathy, is limited, especially among high-risk community samples.MethodsThis study examined sex differences in the psychopathy facets associated with anger, hostility, and aggression among 419 (Mage = 32.6, 72% male) violently injured adults. Studying high-risk, non-institutionalized individuals offers unique insights into the link between psychopathy and aggression, particularly in real-word context where institutional influences are absent. Participants completed the Self-Report Psychopathy and Aggression Questionnaire.ResultsHierarchical multiple regressions revealed that all four facets predicted physical and proactive aggression; affective, lifestyle, and antisocial facets were related to reactive aggression; and affective and lifestyle facets were related to anger, hostility, and verbal aggression. Sex moderated relations between psychopathy facets and anger and hostility. Specifically, the affective facet was associated with anger and hostility for males but not for females. The lifestyle facet was associated with anger and hostility for males and females, but the effect was stronger for females.DiscussionThe findings indicate that the four-facet model relates to aggressive emotions and cognition differently for males and females, while demonstrating consistency in physical and verbal aggression. Recognizing that psychopathic anger and hostility are sex-specific can improve violence interventions tailored to males and females.
Randomized controlled trial to assess medication adherence and health-related quality of life through a collaborative pharmacist-psychiatrist approach to patient education in patients with depression in India
Authors: Mishra Ambed , Kishor Manohar Rao , Ramesh Madhan 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundDepression is a common but severe mental health disorder affecting individuals globally. Medication non-adherence and low health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are the major challenges associated with the treatment of patients with depression.Materials and methodsA prospective Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) was conducted in the psychiatry outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital for six months. Patients were assigned to either a control group receiving usual care or a test group receiving collaborative care using simple randomization technique. The eligible patients diagnosed with depression were enrolled and the data were collected from patient’s care records, prescriptions, patient interviews, patient representatives and healthcare professionals. The intervention in the test group consisted of comprehensive patient education, including a thorough counseling session with a research clinical pharmacist. Counseling sessions included information on the disease, medications prescribed, possible side effects, compliance with medications and overall treatment. The data collected from both patient groups was analyzed for medication adherence using the Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. Statistical analyses were performed using a student t-test with a significance level of P value &lt; 0.05.ResultsThe collaborative care group showed a statistically significant improvement in medication adherence, with a mean increase of 1.67 ± 0.25 (P &lt; 0.001), compared with a mean increase of 0.69 ± 0.05 (P &lt; 0.05) for the usual care group. Similarly, HRQoL scores also improved significantly more in the collaborative care group, with a mean increase of 28.01 ± 2.05 (P &lt; 0.001), compared with a mean increase of 12.46 ± 0.26 (P &lt; 0.05) for the usual care group.ConclusionThis study concluded that pharmacist–psychiatrist collaborative patient education can significantly improve the medication adherence and HRQoL of the patients with depression. Statistically significant increases in medication adherence and HRQoL were observed in the collaborative group.