bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interim Results of a Phase 1/2 Open‐Label Study of INO‐3107 for HPV‐6 and/or HPV‐11‐Associated Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis
Authors: Mau Ted , Amin Milan R. , Belafsky Peter C. , Best Simon R. , Friedman Aaron D. , Klein Adam M. , Lott David G. , Paniello Randal C. , Pransky Seth M. , Saba Nabil F. , Howard Tamara , Dallas Michael , Patel Aditya , Morrow Matthew P. , Skolnik Jeffrey M. 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of INO‐3107, a DNA immunotherapy designed to elicit targeted T‐cell responses against human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6 and 11, in adult patients with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP; NCT04398433).MethodsEligible patients required ≥2 surgical interventions for RRP in the year preceding dosing. INO‐3107 was administered by intramuscular (IM) injection followed by electroporation (EP) on weeks 0, 3, 6, and 9. Patients underwent surgical debulking within 14 days prior to first dose, with office laryngoscopy and staging at screening and weeks 6, 11, 26, and 52. Primary endpoint was safety and tolerability, as assessed by treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs). Secondary endpoints included frequency of surgical interventions post‐INO‐3107 and cellular immune responses.ResultsAn initial cohort of 21 patients was enrolled between October 2020 and August 2021. Fifteen (71.4%) patients had ≥1 TEAE; 11 (52.4%) were Grade 1, and 3 (14.3%) were Grade 3 (none treatment related). The most frequently reported TEAE was injection site or procedural pain (n = 8; 38.1%). Sixteen (76.2%) patients had fewer surgical interventions in the year following INO‐3107 administration, with a median decrease of 3 interventions versus the preceding year. The RRP severity score, modified by Pransky, showed improvement from baseline to week 52. INO‐3107 induced durable cellular responses against HPV‐6 and HPV‐11, with an increase in activated CD4 and CD8 T cells and CD8 cells with lytic potential.ConclusionThe data suggest that INO‐3107 administered by IM/EP is tolerable and immunogenic and provides clinical benefit to adults with RRP.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 133:3087–3093, 2023
Effects of climate and afforestation on carbon sequestration change in northern China
Authors: Teng Yanmin , Zhan Jinyan , Su Meirong , Xu Chao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn recent decades, carbon sequestration (CS) capacity in Northern China has changed significantly, but the main factors leading to the spatial heterogeneity of CS change were still unclear. In this study, we analyzed the spatio‐temporal characteristics of CS change from 2000 to 2020 in Northern China, and further used correlation analysis and multiple linear regression model (MLR) to identify the main factors leading to the spatial differentiation of CS change. Furthermore, we adopted random forest model (RF) to compare the importance of these factors and geographically weighted regression (GWR) to spatially illustrate the heterogeneity of their influence on CS change. Our results showed that the most obvious increases of CS were concentrated in the Loess Plateau, Yanshan Mountains and Taihang Mountains. After eliminating redundant and low‐impact variables, we screened six factors that can well predict the spatial differentiation of CS change in Northern China. Based on the selected predictors, the MLR could explain 62.9% of the spatial variation of CS change, while the RF and GWR could explain 82.2% and 65.7% under the same predictors, respectively. Meanwhile, the spatial feature of each predictor's influence on CS change showed obvious differences. Among all predictors, afforestation was the most important factor leading to the spatial variation of CS change, and aridity index had the largest contribution among the climatic factors. In addition, we found that aridity index and potential evapotranspiration could explain better than commonly used precipitation and temperature. This study deepens the understanding of the spatial heterogeneity of CS change in Northern China and provides further suggestions for improving regional CS capacity.
Silk Meshes Coated with Chitosan‐Bioactive Phytochemicals Activate Wound Healing Genes In Vitro
Authors: Bokhari Natasha , Yasmeen Abida , Ali Asif , Khalid Hamad , Wang Rong , Bashir Mustehsan , Sharif Faiza 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMeshes from natural silk are hand knitted and surface functionalized to facilitate hernia repair and other load bearing, tissue applications. Purified organic silk is ‐ hand knitted and then coated with chitosan (CH)/bacterial cellulose (BC) blend polymer using four phytochemicals such as pomegranate (PG) peel, Nigella sativa (NS) seed, Licorice root (LE), and Bearberry leaf extracts (BE) separately. Characterizations using GCMS analysis shows the presence of bioactive chemicals in the extracts. Scanning electron microcopy (SEM) shows that the surface is coated with the composite polymer t. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) shows significant elements found in CH, BC, and phytochemicals in plant extracts with no chemical changes. Tensile strength of the coated meshes is higher to support tissue as implants. The release kinetics suggest sustained release of phytochemical extracts. In vitro studies confirmed the noncytotoxic, biocompatible, wound healing potential of the meshes. Furthermore, gene expression analysis of 3‐wound healing genes shows marked increase in the in vitro cell cultures due to the presence of extracts. These results suggest that the composite meshes can efficiently support hernia closure while facilitating wound/tissue healing and combating bacterial infections. Therefore, these meshes can be good candidates for fistula and cleft palate repair.
Feasibility of time‐restricted eating in individuals with overweight, obesity, prediabetes, or type 2 diabetes: A systematic scoping review
Authors: Termannsen Anne‐Ditte , Varming Annemarie , van Elst Christina , Bjerre Natasja , Nørgaard Ole , Hempler Nana Folmann , Færch Kristine , Quist Jonas Salling 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis systematic scoping review aimed to map and synthesize research on feasibility of time‐restricted eating (TRE) in individuals with overweight, obesity, prediabetes, or type 2 diabetes, including recruitment rate, retention rate, safety, adherence, and participants' attitudes, experiences, and perspectives.MethodsThe authors searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature from inception to November 22, 2022, supplemented by backward and forward citation search.ResultsFrom 4219 identified records, 28 studies were included. In general, recruitment was easy and median retention rate was 95% among studies with <12 weeks duration and 89% among studies ≥12 weeks. Median (range) adherence to the target eating window for studies <12 and ≥12 weeks was 89% (75%–98%) and 81% (47%–93%), respectively. Variation in adherence among participants and studies was considerable, indicating that following TRE was difficult for some people and that intervention conditions influenced adherence. These findings were supported by qualitative data synthetized from seven studies, and determinants of adherence included calorie‐free beverages outside the eating window, provision of support, and influence on the eating window. No serious adverse events were reported.ConclusionsTRE is implementable, acceptable, and safe in populations with overweight, obesity, prediabetes, or type 2 diabetes, but it should be accompanied by support and options for individual adjustments.
Synthesis of 3‐arylated chlorophyll‐a derivatives via Diels–Alder reaction and their atropisomerism
Authors: Kichishima Saki , Maeda Hiroaki , Tamiaki Hitoshi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMethyl pyropheophorbides‐a possessing an o/m‐(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl group at the 3‐position were prepared by Diels–Alder reaction of 3‐(trans‐1,3‐butadienyl)chlorin with methyl propiolate and successive didehydrogenation of the resulting 1,4‐cyclohexadienes. The 3‐arylated chlorin bearing the sterically demanding o‐COOMe group as the major product was a 1:1 mixture of high‐performance liquid chromatography‐separable rotational isomers around the C3–C31 bond, while the minor product with the m‐COOMe was less sterically hindered to exhibit rapid atropisomerization at room temperature. The 3‐aryl group of the major product was nearly perpendicular to the chlorin π‐system and less conjugated with the chlorin moiety than that of the minor product wherein more π‐conjugation occurred to give slightly red‐shifted Qy bands. Although both the atropisomers of the o‐substitute in dichloromethane showed similar visible absorption bands and fluorescence emission data, their circular dichroism bands in the ultraviolet‐C light region were dependent on the stereochemistry.
Novel oral SPT inhibitor CH5169356 inhibits hepatic stellate cell activation and ameliorates hepatic fibrosis in mouse models of non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)
Authors: Hada Natsuko , Katsume Asao , Kenichi Kawasaki , Endo Chihiro , Horiba Naoshi , Sudoh Masayuki 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCeramide is a central molecule of sphingolipid metabolism and is involved in the development of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). It has already been reported that the inhibition of serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), the rate‐limiting enzyme in the sphingolipid biosynthetic pathway, has an inhibitory effect on hepatic lipidosis, but its effect on severe hepatic fibrosis is not clear. In this study, we examined whether a SPT inhibitor could suppress the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) and ameliorate the progression of NASH. Effects on sphingolipid metabolism and HSC activation marker genes by NA808, a SPT inhibitor, were evaluated in an immortalized HSC cell line (E14C12). NA808 decreased sphingolipid synthesis and the expression of α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) and collagen 1A1 mRNA in HSC. We identified a novel oral SPT inhibitor, CH5169356, which is a prodrug of NA808. CH5169356 was administered in the Ath+HF model, a NASH mouse model with liver fibrosis induced by atherogenic and high‐fat content diets. CH5169356 showed a significant decrease in the expression of α‐SMA and collagen 1A1 mRNA in the liver and an inhibition of liver fibrosis progression. CH5169356 was also evaluated in a Stelic animal model (STAM), a NASH mouse model induced through a different mechanism than that of the Ath+HF model, and showed a significant anti‐fibrotic effect. In conclusion, CH5169356 could inhibit the progression of hepatic fibrosis in the pathogenesis of NASH by suppressing HSC activation, suggesting that CH5169356 would be a potential oral NASH therapeutic agent.
Virulence of the fungal pathogen, Aspergillus oryzaeXJ‐1 to adult locusts (Orthoptera: Acrididae) in both laboratory and field trials
Authors: You Yinwei , An Zhifei , Zhang Xingchen , Liu Hui , Yang Wen , Yang Mingquan , Wang Tongwei , Xie Xiuhua , Zhang Long 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDLocusts and grasshoppers are pests of many agricultural crops, and their frequent outbreaks worldwide threaten food security. Microbial control agents are currently used to suppress the early (nymphal) stages of pests, but they are often less effective against adults, which are primarily responsible for locust plagues. The fungal pathogen Aspergillus oryzae XJ‐1 has high pathogenicity in locust nymphs. To assess its potential for controlling locust adults, we evaluated the virulence of A. oryzae XJ‐1 (i.e., locust Aspergillus, LAsp) in locust adults using laboratory, field‐cage experiments, and a field trial.RESULTSThe lethal concentration of LAsp in adult Locusta migratoria was 3.58 ± 0.09 × 105 conidia mL−1 15 days after inoculation in the laboratory. A field‐cage experiment showed that the mortalities of adult L. migratoria were 92.0 ± 4.6% and 90.1 ± 3.2% 15 days after inoculation with 3 × 105 and 3 × 103 conidia m−2 of LAsp, respectively. A large‐scale field trial of 666.6 ha was conducted, in which a LAsp water suspension was applied at a concentration of 2 × 108 conidia mL−1 in 15 L ha−1 by aerial spraying via drones. The densities of mixed populations of L. migratoria and Epacromius spp. were significantly reduced by 85.4 ± 7.9%–94.9 ± 5.1%. In addition, the infection rates of surviving locusts collected from the treated plots were 79.6% and 78.3% on the 17th and 31st day after treatment, respectively.CONCLUSIONThese results indicate that A. oryzae XJ‐1 is highly virulent in adult locusts and that it has high potential for the control of locusts. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Direct Electrocaloric Characterization of Ceramic Films
Authors: Prah Uros , Sadl Matej , Torello Alvar , Lheritier Pierre , Kovacova Veronika , Ursic Hana , Defay Emmanuel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractReliable and accurate characterization of the electrocaloric effect is necessary to understand the intrinsic properties of materials. To date, several methods are developed to directly measure the electrocaloric effect. However, each of them has some limitations, making them less suitable for characterizing ceramic films, which rely almost exclusively on less accurate indirect methods. Here, a new approach is proposed to address the process of rapid heat dissipation in ceramic films and to detect the electrically induced temperature change before it thermally bonds with the surrounding elements. By using a polymer substrate that slows heat dissipation to the substrate and fast infrared imaging, a substantial part of the adiabatic electrocaloric effect in Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3‐based ceramic films is captured. Infrared imaging provides a robust technique to reduce the ratio between the adiabatic and the measured electrocaloric temperature change in micrometer‐sized ceramic films to a single‐digit number, ≈3.5. The obtained results are validated with another direct thermometric method and compared with the results obtained with an indirect approach. Despite different measurement principles, the results obtained with the two direct methods agree well. The proposed approach is timely and can open a door to verify the predicted giant electrocaloric effects in ceramic films.
Neo‐Nationalism and Politicizing TESOL: Nationalist Rhetoric and Decolonial Impulses in English Teaching in Morocco
Authors: R'boul Hamza , Belhiah Hassan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRecent geopolitical events have led to a worldwide resurgence in nationalism which entails political togetherness and invokes the spirit of patriotism. In various contexts, language has been a central point of departure for many nationalist movements. In particular, English is increasingly discussed with regards to its sociopolitical and sociocultural implications for the expanding‐circle spaces. This research is a critical qualitative study that examines how neo‐nationalist policies are potentially transforming TESOL classes in Morocco. By focusing on TESOL teachers' reactions, we seek to reveal the range of impacts that recent nationalist policies have had on English teaching in Morocco and discuss pedagogical possibilities that can balance internationalist and nationalist desires in the country. In addition, we attempt to investigate how understandings of the nation are actualized in classrooms and how English language teaching practices and policies account for the ideas about the Moroccan nation. The study highlights how English language teachers make sense of debates surrounding English as a threat to national languages and how they can be agentive in realizing change through critical pedagogical interventions with nationalism and the concept of nation.
A somewhat different fundamental parameters approach to EDXRF quantification of solid environmental samples
Authors: Kump Peter 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn the presented elemental quantification of thick and intermediate thick solid environmental samples by energy dispersive X‐ray fluorescence (EDXRF), enhancement‐corrected elemental concentrations are evaluated and quantitative absorption parameter of low‐Z residual matrix in the sample is determined. The quantification is based on the analysis of real samples by a computer programme where, by definition, the total sample matrix is considered to be composed of measured elements and a residual matrix. As input, the measured fluorescent intensities of elements are used together with additional reference data of experimental absorption at single energy or the known concentration of internal standard in the sample. Basic equations developed by Sherman and other authors are used, involving fundamental parameters (FP) and instrumental constants obtained by the established calibration procedure. The quantification is performed by iteration of elemental concentrations and enhancement factors, but includes in absorption correction calculations elemental concentrations and absorption in the selected residual matrix. The absorption in any low‐Z residual matrix is a smooth function of energy characterised by a single parameter. Including residual matrix in the quantification affects the calculated elemental concentrations (also internal standard) and absorption in the sample. By comparing in consecutive iterations the fit of these parameters with given reference data, the quantification results and the proper selection of residual matrix are confirmed. The validation is performed by measuring standard reference materials: accuracy between 2% and 8% is obtained, compatible with accuracy obtained by other FP approaches. By the presented approach, the well‐known difficulties in XRF quantification due to the presence of light elements in the sample are remedied.
Integrating Issue Management Systems of Independently Developed Software Components
Authors: Speth Sandro , Breitenbücher Uwe , Krieger Niklas , Wippermann Pia , Becker Steffen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractModern component-based architectural styles, e.g., microservices, enable developing the components independently from each other. However, this independence can result in problems when it comes to managing issues, such as bugs, as developer teams can freely choose their technology stacks, such as issue management systems (IMSs), e.g., Jira, GitHub, or Redmine. In the case of a microservice architecture, if an issue of a downstream microservice depends on an issue of an upstream microservice, this must be both identified and communicated, and the downstream service’s issues should link to its causing issue. However, agile project management today requires efficient communication, which is why more and more teams are communicating through comments in the issues themselves. Unfortunately, IMSs are not integrated with each other, thus, semantically linking these issues is not supported, and identifying such issue dependencies from different IMSs is time-consuming and requires manual searching in multiple IMS technologies. This results in many context switches and prevents developers from being focused and getting things done. Therefore, in this paper, we present a concept for seamlessly integrating different IMS technologies into each other and providing a better architectural context. The concept is based on augmenting the websites of issue management systems through a browser extension. We validate the approach with a prototypical implementation for the Chrome browser. For evaluation, we conducted expert interviews, which approved that the presented approach provides significant advantages for managing issues of agile microservice architectures.
Vorab: Risiko im Wandel als Herausforderung für die Versicherungswirtschaft
Authors: Arnold Rolf , Berg Marcel , Goecke Oskar , Heep-Altiner Maria , Müller-Peters Horst 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungAnlässlich des fünfzigjährigen Jubiläums des Institutes für Versicherungswesen der Technischen Hochschule Köln in 2021 haben die in Forschung und Lehre wirkenden Personen des Institutes mit Beiträgen zu den Themenbereichen Risiko (im Allgemeinen) und Versicherung (im Speziellen) zu einem Jubiläumsband „Risiko im Wandel. Herausforderung für die Versicherungswirtschaft“ beigetragen. Aufbau, Struktur und Themenbereiche dieses Bandes sind in dieser Übersicht dargestellt.
Digitalisierung und Risikotransfer
Authors: Oletzky Torsten 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDigitale Innovationen leisten einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur Weiterentwicklung des Geschäftsmodells der Versicherung. Inzwischen erreichen diese Innovationen auch das Herzstück des Geschäftsmodells Versicherung, die Risikotragung und den Risikotransfer. Aus diesem Grund werden die Auslöser für diese Veränderungen analysiert und Anwendungsbeispiele aus verschiedenen Bereichen vorgestellt, in denen InsurTech Start-ups neue Modelle der Risikotragung und des Risikotransfers entwickeln oder bekannte Modelle unter Einsatz digitaler Technologien neu interpretieren und ihnen so zu neuen Marktchancen verhelfen.
Führung ernst nehmen
Authors: Zimmermann Gabriele , Faßbender Katharina 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Operationsbereiche von Versicherungsunternehmen sind für die Profitabilität der Unternehmen von zentraler Bedeutung. Zum einen werden dort die Leistungsversprechen erfüllt, die die Unternehmen an die Kundinnen und Kunden ausgesprochen haben, und zum anderen arbeiten dort viele Mitarbeiter. Diese hohe Bedeutung spiegelt sich allerdings nicht in dem Verhalten des Top Managements wider; dessen Fokus sind Themen wie Innovation und Digitalisierung. Sicherlich ist es so, dass in diesen Bereichen Maßnahmen ergriffen werden müssen, die die Effizienz erhöhen und die Kosten senken. Das ist aber zu kurz gedacht. Denn die Zufriedenheit der Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter in den Operationsabteilungen ist ein zentraler Hebel, um die Leistungsfähigkeit dieser Bereiche und damit die Zufriedenheit der Kundinnen und Kunden zu erhöhen. Um die Motivation der dortigen Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter zu erhöhen, ist es wichtig, Führung ernst zu nehmen, den Arbeitsdruck dort zu reduzieren und in adäquater Form Agilität und New Work umzusetzen.
Risiken im Versicherungsvertrieb
Authors: Beenken Matthias 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Versicherungsvertrieb umfasst aus regulatorischer Sicht neben den selbstständigen Versicherungsvermittlern auch viele Versicherungsbeschäftigte. Er gehört zu den operationellen Risiken eines Versicherers. Spezifische Vertriebsrisiken resultieren aus der Zusammenarbeit mit Vermittlern, aus den typischen Vergütungs- und Anreizgestaltungen sowie aus Beratung, Information, Betreuung und Schadenregulierung gegenüber den Kundinnen und Kunden. Vertriebsrisiken können vor allem durch organisatorische Maßnahmen gemindert und begrenzt werden.