bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term patient-related quality of life outcomes and ICD-10 symptom rating (ISR) of patients with pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis: What is the psychological impact of this life-threatening disease?
Authors: Lang Siegmund , Walter Nike , Froemming Astrid , Baertl Susanne , Szymski Dominik , Alt Volker , Rupp Markus 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
We aimed to evaluate the long-term impact of the treatment of pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis (VO) on functional outcomes and patients' quality of life (QoL) with a special focus on psychological well-being.

Methods
A total of 156 patients with VO with a minimum clinical follow-up of 12 months were retrospectively identified and asked to participate. Patient-reported outcome measures were evaluated with the EuroQol five-dimension questionnaire (EQ-5D) and German Short-Form 36 (SF-36) outcome instruments as well as with an ICD-10 based symptom rating (ISR) and compared to normative data. Spine-specific outcomes were assessed with the Core Outcome Measure Index and the Oswestry disability index (ODI) or the Neck disability index (NDI), respectively.

Results
From n = 156 eligible patients, n = 129 patients could be contacted and n = 40 returned questionnaires, yielding a response rate of 31.0%. The mean time from hospital discharge to follow-up was 83.0 ± 3.8 (13–193) months. Spine-specific outcomes showed mild to moderate disability. The mean physical health component score of the SF-36 (37.1 ± 16.7), the mean mental health component score (38.2 ± 14.0) and the mean EQ-5D VAS rating (57.1 ± 21.5) were significantly lower in comparison with the scores of an age-matched reference population (all p < 0.05). The mean total score of the ISR was 0.53 ± 0.23. On average, the cohort did not cross the threshold of clinically relevant symptom burden on any subscale.

Conclusion
Even almost seven years on average after completed treatment of VO, patients report impaired QoL. Assessment of psychological disorders should be implemented in clinical practice and future prospective studies.
Blood pressure in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes: data from the Australasian Diabetes Data Network registry
Authors: James Steven , Perry Lin , Lowe Julia , Harris Margaret , Colman Peter G. , Craig Maria E. ,   Australasian Diabetes Data Network Study Group, Anderson Kym , Andrikopoulos Sof , Ambler Geoff , Barrett Helen , Batch Jenny , Bergman Philip , Cameron Fergus , Conwell Louise , Cotterill Andrew , Cooper Chris , Couper Jennifer , Davis Elizabeth , de Bock Martin , Donaghue Kim , Fairchild Jan , Fegan Gerry , Fourlanos Spiros , Glastras Sarah , Goss Peter , Gray Leonie , Hamblin Peter Shane , Hofman Paul , Holmes-Walker Dianne Jane , Huynh Tony , Isaacs Sonia , Jefferies Craig , Johnson Stephanie , Jones Tim , Kao Jeff , King Bruce R. , Lafferty Antony , Makin Jane , Martin Michelle , McCrossin Robert , Neville Kris , Pascoe Mark , Paul Ryan , Pawlak Dorota , Peña Alexia , Phillips Liza , Price Darrell , Rodda Christine , Simmons David , Sinnott Richard , Smart Carmel , Stell Anthony , Stone Monique , Stranks Steve , Tham Elaine , Waddell Barbara , Ward Glenn , Wheeler Ben , Woodhead Helen , Zimmermann Anthony 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Aim
Hypertension increases complication risk in type 1 diabetes (T1D). We examined blood pressure (BP) in adolescents and young adults with T1D from the Australasian Diabetes Data Network, a prospective clinical diabetes registry in Australia and New Zealand.

Methods
This was a longitudinal study of prospectively collected registry data. Inclusion criteria: T1D (duration ≥ 1 year) and age 16–25 years at last visit (2011–2020). Hypertension was defined as (on ≥ 3 occasions) systolic BP and/or diastolic BP > 95th percentile for age < 18 years, and systolic BP > 130 and/or diastolic BP > 80 mmHg for age ≥ 18 years. Multivariable Generalised Estimating Equations were used to examine demographic and clinical factors associated with BP in the hypertensive range across all visits.

Results
Data from 6338 young people (male 52.6%) attending 24 participating centres across 36,655 T1D healthcare visits were included; 2812 (44.4%) had BP recorded at last visit. Across all visits, 19.4% of youth aged < 18 years and 21.7% of those aged ≥ 18 years met criteria for hypertension. In both age groups, BP in the hypertensive range was associated with male sex, injection (vs. pump) therapy, higher HbA1c, and higher body mass index.

Conclusions
There is a high proportion of adolescents and young adults reported with BP persistently in hypertensive ranges. Findings flag the additive contribution of hypertension to the well-established body of evidence indicating a need to review healthcare models for adolescents and young adults with T1D.
Synthesizing multifaceted characterization techniques to refine a conceptual model of groundwater sources to springs in valley settings (Minnesota, USA)
Authors: Barry John D. , Runkel Anthony C. , Calvin Alexander E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSprings are commonly used as low-cost monitoring locations to assess groundwater quality and long-term trends. However, spring waters in many settings are a mixture of groundwater sources that range in physical properties and water chemistry. The objective of this work was to determine water sources of springs emerging from the North American midcontinent Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system at a fish hatchery near Lanesboro, Minnesota (USA), and compare and contrast the sources to shallower and deeper sources. The hydrology of the Lanesboro State Fish Hatchery has been studied for decades using a combination of dye tracing, thermal monitoring, geochemical sampling, and nearby borehole and outcrop observations. Previous studies are integrated with recently collected dye tracing results and geochemical data to develop a comprehensive conceptual model of groundwater flow. Dye trace findings and geochemistry indicate well-developed karst and bedrock fractures in shallowly buried unconfined carbonate formations are important transport pathways to convey anthropogenically influenced waters from the land surface to the hatchery springs. However, borehole dye traces, thermal monitoring, continuous nitrate monitoring, and mixing calculations show that a deeper confined siliciclastic aquifer is responsible for delivering relatively pristine water that accounts for about half of hatchery spring flux. Characterization of the hatchery’s groundwater systems provides fishery managers with information to protect this vital resource and improved context to interpret water-quality-monitoring data that track agricultural contaminants. The methods and results of this study may be widely applicable across a large extent of the Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system, and to multiaquifer sedimentary bedrock systems elsewhere.
Closed and Open Maps for Partial Frames
Authors: Frith John , Schauerte Anneliese 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper concerns the notions of closed and open maps in the setting of partial frames, which, in contrast to full frames, do not necessarily have all joins. Examples of these include bounded distributive lattices, $$\sigma $$
σ
- and $$\kappa $$
κ
-frames and full frames. We define closed and open maps using geometrically intuitively appealing conditions involving preservation of closed, respectively open, congruences under certain maps. We then characterize them in terms of algebraic identities involving adjoints. We note that partial frame maps need have neither right nor left adjoints whereas frame maps of course always have right adjoints. The embedding of a partial frame in either its free frame or its congruence frame has proved illuminating and useful. We consider the conditions under which these embeddings are closed, open or skeletal. We then look at preservation and reflection of closed or open maps under the functors providing the free frame or the congruence frame. Points arise naturally in the construction of the spectrum functor for partial frames to partial spaces. They may be viewed as maps from the given partial frame to the 2-chain or as certain kinds of filters; using the former description we consider closed and open points. Any point of a partial frame extends naturally to a point on its free frame and a point on its congruence frame; we consider the closedness or openness of these.
The analysis of data metamodels’ extensional layer via extended generalized graph
Authors: Jodłowiec Marcin , Krótkiewicz Marek , Zabawa Piotr 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThere are several limitations known in data modeling discipline, which are related directly to the traditionally used data modeling languages expressiveness. The strong limitations of the expressiveness of the existing well known data modelling languages combined with the lack of a very general universal data modeling language have negative impact to modelling naturalness. As the result of mentioned limits the reality must be transformed to avoid (workaround) the limits introduced by the modelling language. In turn, the transformation process requires extra effort. The problem is strengthened by the lack of mechanisms, which can be used to measure the expressiveness of a particular data modeling language. Some limitations of the existing data modeling languages result from both their metamodel (abstract syntax) and model (metamodel instance) graph-like structure constraints. This kind of limits also has negative impact to a domain-specific modeling naturalness. The paper addresses all problems mentioned above. The problems can be solved with the help of the EGG data modeling language introduced in the paper. First, a universal and customizable EGG data modeling language together with the customization mechanisms (extensions and generalizations) is introduced. According to the first usage scenario the EGG may be applied for domain-specific data modelling tasks in place of other data modeling languages. Second, the paper proposes and applies (for some data modeling languages: RDF, XML, RDBM, UML and AOM) a novel concept of measuring and comparing data modelling languages via mapping their metamodels to the EGG metamodel. So, according to the second usage scenario the EGG metamodel can be used as a reference metamodel for the data modeling language expressiveness comparative studies. It may also support the decision process when a data modeling language must be chosen for a particular domain-specific data modeling task. Third, the EGG introduced in the paper helps to avoid transforming reality to the needs resulting from the data modeling language as the EGG is general enough for the domain data modeling task. Complete abstract syntax of the Extended Generalized Graph is introduced and is expressed through its implementations in terms of the Association-Oriented Metamodel and the Unified Modeling Language. Semantics of each syntactical category of abstract syntax is described. Two complete concrete syntaxes for the Extended Generalized Graph are also introduced in the paper. The case studies related to both social network and knowledge modeling illustrate the applicability and usefulness of the EGG. Abstract syntax is compared to several other metamodels. The comparative study of the case study models created first in different metamodels and then expressed in the Extended Generalized Graph metamodel is summarized quantitatively in the form of a proposed measure.
Joint leaf-refinement and ensemble pruning through $$L_1$$ regularization
Authors: Buschjäger Sebastian , Morik Katharina 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEnsembles are among the state-of-the-art in many machine learning applications. With the ongoing integration of ML models into everyday life, e.g., in the form of the Internet of Things, the deployment and continuous application of models become more and more an important issue. Therefore, small models that offer good predictive performanceanduse small amounts of memory are required. Ensemble pruning is a standard technique for removing unnecessary classifiers from a large ensemble that reduces the overall resource consumption and sometimes improves the performance of the original ensemble. Similarly, leaf-refinement is a technique that improves the performance of a tree ensemble by jointly re-learning the probability estimates in the leaf nodes of the trees, thereby allowing for smaller ensembles while preserving their predictive performance. In this paper, we develop a new method that combines both approaches into a single algorithm. To do so, we introduce$$L_1$$L1regularization into the leaf-refinement objective, which allows us to jointly prune and refine trees at the same time. In an extensive experimental evaluation, we show that our approach not only offers statistically significantly better performance than the state-of-the-art but also offers a better accuracy-memory trade-off. We conclude our experimental evaluation with a case study showing the effectiveness of our method in a real-world setting.
Association between preeclampsia in daughters and risk of cardiovascular disease in parents
Authors: Lihme Frederikke , Basit Saima , Sciera Lucca Katrine , Andersen Anne-Marie Nyboe , Bundgaard Henning , Wohlfahrt Jan , Boyd Heather A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPreeclampsia and cardiovascular disease (CVD) might share heritable underlying mechanisms. We investigated whether preeclampsia in daughters is associated with CVD in parents. In a register-based cohort study, we used Cox regression to compare rates of CVD (ischemic heart disease, ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction) in parents with ≥ 1 daughters who had preeclampsia and parents whose daughters did not have preeclampsia in Denmark, 1978–2018. Our cohort included 1,299,310 parents, of whom 87,251 had ≥ 1 daughters with preeclampsia and 272,936 developed CVD during 20,252,351 years of follow-up (incidence rate 135/10,000 person-years). Parents with one daughter who had preeclampsia were 1.19 times as likely as parents of daughters without preeclampsia to develop CVD at age < 55 years (hazard ratio [HR] 1.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13–1.25). Having ≥ 2 daughters who had preeclampsia yielded an HR of 1.88 (95% CI 1.39–2.53). The corresponding HRs for CVD at ≥ 55 years of age were 1.13 (95% CI 1.12–1.15) and 1.27 (95% CI 1.16–1.38). Patterns of association were similar for all CVD subtypes. Effect magnitudes did not differ for mothers and fathers (p = 0.52). Analyses by timing of preeclampsia onset in daughters suggested a tendency toward stronger associations with earlier preeclampsia onset, particularly in parents < 55 years. Preeclampsia in daughters was associated with increased risks of CVD in parents. Increasing strength of association with increasing number of affected daughters, equally strong associations for mothers and fathers, and stronger associations for CVD occurring before age 55 years suggest that preeclampsia and CVD share common heritable mechanisms.
Multi-criteria sustainability risk management for post-war residential re-construction: the case of Damascus
Authors: Khaddour Lina Adib , Deng Wu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Syrian conflict nine years of destruction have had catastrophic influence on the built environment. Post-war Residential Re-construction Projects (PRRP) have been one of the most challenging and controversial responsibilities. PRRP play vital role in building back to better level of sustainability, mitigating risks and resilience, providing housing for traumatised displaced people while coping with the war consequences. Hitherto, more sustainable PRRP are found to be riskier for construction professionals compared to traditional projects. Sustainability Risk Management (SRM) can be a challenging mission where multiple interrelated criteria exist. This research is set to identify and assess sustainability risks associated with more sustainable PRRP in Damascus and to understand how the Syrian construction professionals perceive these risks. The research study enhances a survey and interviews’ findings to develop a multi-criteria SRM framework that can be perceived as a decision-support tool to assess sustainability risks in Damascus PRRP. The survey revealed that while the sustainability risk categories weightings are 38%, 24%, 39% for economic, environmental and social risks respectively, the overall response categories weightings are 44%, 31%, 25% for economic, environmental and social responses respectively. The top five risks found are: expenses exceed anticipated, absence of sustainable technology, delays in planning for alternative social homes, unclear allocation of responsibilities and lack of qualified professionals. The interviews looked beyond the current prevailing approaches to sustainability risks while assessing the proposed multi-dimensional conceptual framework. The research framework enhances interrelatedness in management principles among: sustainability assessment, RM and multi criteria decision making in the post-war context. These findings are significant as this is the first-hand experience gathered from Damascus PRRP. It symbolises a turning point in Syrian construction; from traditional to sustainable housing, which will positively influence construction companies’ sustainability awareness in reconstruction process.
Post-separation Care Arrangements and Parents’ Life Satisfaction: Can the Quality of Co-parenting and Frequency of Interparental Conflict Explain the Relationship?
Authors: Augustijn Lara 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlthough growing numbers of parents share the physical custody of their children after family dissolution, empirical studies on the mechanisms through which post-separation care arrangements may affect parental well-being remain scarce. To fill this lacuna, the present study not only investigated the relationship between post-separation care arrangements and the life satisfaction of resident parents, but also whether the quality of co-parenting and the frequency of interparental conflict—two stressors associated with family dissolution—could explain this relationship. Based on data from the Family Models in Germany (FAMOD) study, structural equation models were estimated for an analytical sample of 1104 resident parents practicing either sole physical custody (SPC) or joint physical custody (JPC). The findings showed that parents with JPC experienced, on average, more life satisfaction than their counterparts with SPC. However, after considering the quality of co-parenting and the frequency of interparental conflict, the study found that the direct relationship between post-separation care arrangements and life satisfaction was no longer significant. Instead, practicing JPC was significantly related to both better co-parenting and fewer interparental conflicts, while the latter two factors were positively related to life satisfaction. In sum, this study showed that framework conditions, specifically elements of the interparental relationship, are more important factors to consider when investigating parents’ post-separation well-being than the type of care arrangement practiced. However, the role of selection processes in explaining these associations remains uncertain, including the question of whether practicing JPC actually enhances the quality of the interparental relationship.
Evaluating modelled wildlife corridors for the movement of multiple arboreal species in a fragmented landscape
Authors: Gracanin Ana , Mikac Katarina M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Context
In highly fragmented landscapes, arboreal mammals are limited by their ability to move and disperse between core habitats. Connectivity modelling for multiple species allows scientists to identify the most efficient movement and/or dispersal pathway(s) to prioritise for conservation efforts.

Objectives
In this study, we evaluated the most cost-effective corridor pathway for eight species of arboreal mammals, with particular emphasis on an endangered population of greater gliders (Petauroides volans).

Methods
We use species distribution modelling and circuit theory to calculate connectivity in the landscape for each species. An all-species corridor was then modelled using a least cost path analysis. The final corridor was evaluated for all species through ground-truthing accessible segments.

Results
We identified that some segments of the corridor had low suitability for highly specialised species, and those with tree hollow requirements for denning. The all-species corridor also utilised an artificial crossing structure over a highway, and monitoring of this rope bridge found only two species (sugar gliders; Petaurus breviceps and ringtail possums; Pseudocheirus peregrinus) used the structure on occasion. Thus, the modelled corridor pathway was not suitable for all species, rather it was found to be more suitable for generalist species such as sugar gliders, ringtail possums, brown antechinus; Antechinus stuartii and brushtail possums; Trichosurus vulpecula.

Conclusions
Our study exemplifies the importance of ground-truthing in connectivity conservation studies to ensure conservation outcomes are realised. Furthermore, we provide detailed recommendations for relevant conservation managers, to improve the usage of these existing habitat corridors by arboreal species.
Hypercube quantum search: exact computation of the probability of success in polynomial time
Authors: Pillin Hugo , Burel Gilles , Baird Paul , Baghious El-Houssain , Gautier Roland 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the emerging domain of quantum algorithms, Grover’s quantum search is certainly one of the most significant. It is relatively simple, performs a useful task and more importantly, does it in an optimal way. However, due to the success of quantum walks in the field, it is logical to study quantum search variants over several kinds of walks. In this paper, we propose an in-depth study of the quantum search over a hypercube layout. First, through the analysis of elementary walk operators restricted to suitable eigenspaces, we show that the acting component of the search algorithm takes place in a small subspace of the Hilbert workspace that grows linearly with the problem size. Subsequently, we exploit this property to predict the exact evolution of the probability of success of the quantum search in polynomial time.
Age at marriage and marital stability: evidence from China
Authors: Garcia-Hombrados Jorge , Özcan Berkay 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMany studies showed that marrying younger is associated with a higher risk of divorce. We investigate the causal effect of marrying at an earlier age on women’s divorce risk. We exploit the introduction of the 1981 reform in China, which facilitated legal marriage for urban women younger than 25 years old, using the Chinese Census data. We show that the reform generated a kink in the mean age at marriage for women, which we use in a fuzzy regression kink design (RKD) to assess the causal effect of marrying younger on the probability of divorce. First, we confirm in our data the existence of a negative (in fact, a U-shaped) association between age at marriage and divorce, as commonly observed in previous studies from the USA. Then, we show that this association disappears in our analyses based on RKD. This finding suggests that the well-documented association between early marriage and divorce is in fact attributable to unobservable factors driving both marriage timing and the likelihood of divorce. We discuss the implications.