bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Type 2 diabetes with obesity and hypertension: prevalence and sociodemographic risk factors in Yemen
Authors: Mareai S. S. , Gawli K. 
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND: Diabetes Mellitus is a rapidly growing and challenging health issue of the 21st century. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major risk factor for obesity and hypertension (HTN). The prevalence of HTN and obesity in T2D patients is not well documented in the country of Yemen. AIM: The focus of this study was to assess the prevalence of hypertension and obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Yemen.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in Dhamar city hospitals. Patients diagnosed with diabetes (300 males and females: 30 years old and/or above) visiting an endocrinology and diabetes clinic in Dhamar city hospital for the first time were examined and evaluated for blood glucose levels, mode of treatment, duration of the disorder and body mass index. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected using pretested questionnaires. Ethical approval was obtained from corresponding ethical committees from Dhamar University and hospitals. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23 version.RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight and/or obesity in T2D was 60.67%, and hypertension was 35.66%. The occurrence of T2D was predominant in females (56.33%), patients with an age over 50 years (61%), and rural dwellers (74%). The mode of treatment was mainly through oral antihyperglycemic and hypoglycemic agents (79.3%). A large population (66.3%) showed poor control of blood glucose levels ranging from more than 131 to 500 mg/dL and the type of work these patients were involved in was mostly physically inactive (64%). The body mass index revealed that more than 35% were found to be overweight and 23% to be obese. Patients with hypertension and undergoing treatment for the same showed a significant (P < 0.001) increase in blood glucose level compared to those who were not diagnosed with HTN.CONCLUSION: The prevalence of obesity, HTN, and poor glycemic control in patients with T2D is high, especially in females.
The question of differential diagnosis of anemia in diabetes mellitus
Authors: Saprina T. V. , Musina N. N. , Prokhorenko T. S. , Slavkina Ya. S. , Zima A. P. 
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND: High prevalence of anemia in diabetes mellitus (DM) determines the relevance of studying its pathogenetic aspects, the role of anemia in DM complications development and the issue of differential diagnosis between iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and anemia of chronic disease (ACD)).AIM: To establish the diagnostic value of classical parameters for diagnosing anemia in DM and propose an optimized algorithm for the differential diagnosis of ACD and IDA in DM type 1 and 2 using new markers.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The observational, single-centre, comparative, controlled, single-stage study. Patients underwent assessment of glycated hemoglobin, creatinine, microalbuminuria; indicators of iron metabolism — hematocrit, the number of erythrocytes, reticulocytes, hemoglobin, serum iron, transferrin, ferritin, the level of soluble transferrin receptors (sTfR), sTfR/logFerpitin index, and inflammation markers — erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), leukocyte count, high sensitive CRP and TNF-α. ROC-analysis was used to assess the differential diagnosis markers informative content.RESULTS: We examined 135 patients: 51 with DM 1 and 84 with DM 2. The patients were stratified into groups based on anemia type: 1) ACD 2) IDA 3) latent iron deficiency 4) without ferrokinetics disorders. According to the ROC-analysis in DM patients, the following parameters had high information content in ACD. ESR — sensitivity 92%, specificity 85%, diagnostic threshold 26.5 mm/h (area under the curve (AUC) 0.943; p<0.0001); leukocyte count — sensitivity 69%, specificity 64%, diagnostic threshold 7.50x109/l (AUC 0.727; p=0.007), microalbuminuria — sensitivity 71%, specificity 72%, diagnostic threshold 29.5 mg/l (AUC 0.744; p=0.003). In DM sTfR and the sTfR /logFerritin index had high information content in IDA at diagnostic thresholds different from those for general population. The sensitivity of sTfR 71%, the specificity 71%, diagnostic threshold 1.42 ng/mL (2.9 ng/mL for general population) (AUC 0.765; p=0.024). The sensitivity of sTfR/logFerritin index 100%, the specificity 97%, diagnostic threshold 1.48 (2.0 for general population) (AUC 0.983; p=0.024).CONCLUSION: In differential diagnosis of IDA and ACD in DM, ESR, leukocyte count, microalbuminuria, sTfR and sTfR/logFerritin index have a high diagnostic value. This allows proposing them as additional markers for differential diagnosis of anemia in DM.
Pengaruh persentase pergantian air terhadap pertumbuhan dan kelulushidupan ikan rainbow (Melanotaenia boesmani)
Authors: Wigati Laras , Susilowati Titik , Amalia Rosa 
Published: May 2023

Ikan Rainbow merupakan jenis ikan hias yang memiliki potensial untuk perdagangan ikan hias. Ikan hias tawar ini memiliki daya tarik yaitu pada bagian tubuh kearah kepala berwarna biru kehitaman dan ke arah ekor warnanya biru dampai ekor orange cerah. Tingginya potensi ekonomi ikan pelangi berbanding terbalik dengan status kepunahannya di alam, sehingga dibutuhkan pengelolaan budidaya yang tepat agar tetap terjaga kelestariannya. Pengelolaan budidaya yang baik dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai cara salah satunya pengelolaan lingkungan. Pengelolaan kualitas air dapat dilakukan dengan melakukan pergantian air. Pergantian air tesebut dapat mempertahankan kualitas media pemeliharaan dengan cara mengurangi kadar amonia dan nitrat, mempertahankan pH atau derajat keasaman dan mensuplai oksigen sehingga kualitas lingkungan pemeliharaan dapat mendukung pertumbuhan ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persentase pergantian air terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan dan kelulushidupan ikan rainbow (Melanotaenia boesmani).Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 12 Juli – 14 Agustus 2021 bertempat di Patriot Aquafaram, Semarang, Jawa Tengah. Bahan uji yang digunakan adalah ikan rainbow dengan umur 5-7 hari setelah menetas. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental dengan dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan dan masing-masing 3 ulangan dengan persentase pergantian air yang berbeda. Perlakuan A (persentase pergantian air 0%/hari), B(pergantian air sebesar 50%/hari), C (pergantian air sebesar 100%/hari), dan D (pergantian air sebesar 150%/hari). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh persentase pergantian air terhadap pertumbuhan dan kelulushidupan ikan rainbow berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap SGR dan SR. Persentase pergantian air terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan dan kelulushidupan ikan rainbow adalah 100%/hari (perlakuan C) yang menghasilkan SGR (7,31 ± 0,37a) dan SR (80,00 ± 4,00a).
Research on the development and intelligent application of power environmental protection platform based on big data
Authors: Shao Dan , Shi Li Bin , He Zhi Guo , Guo Run Zhou 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In order to improve the practical effect of the power environmental protection platform, this paper combines the big data technology to develop and design the power environmental protection platform. In this paper, a power factor correction (PFC) and resonant half-bridge joint controller is used to combine the traditional two-level topology into one-level topology. Moreover, this paper adopts a fixed frequency half-bridge LLC resonant converter with a simple control circuit to obtain a stable resonant half-bridge controller with a fixed output voltage. The choice of this overall power topology architecture can not only meet the design requirements, save costs and simplify the control of the circuit, but also improve the efficiency of the whole machine and the performance of the power environmental protection platform. The experimental research shows that the power environmental protection platform based on big data proposed in this paper can effectively improve the effectiveness of power environmental protection strategies.
La curaduría de películas del FESTIVERD
Authors: Peña Zerpa Claritza Arlenet , Peña Zerpa José Alirio , Peña Zerpa Mixzaida Yelitza 
Published: May 2023

Resumen: El presente ensayo presenta la evolución de la curaduría de películas del Festival Internacional de Cine y Video Verde de Venezuela (FESTIVERD) a partir de tres etapas: (a) el predominio de la mirada antropocéntrica visible en las obras a partir de las ontologías duales (naturaleza vs. cultura), (b) la trampa del antropocentrismo expuesta como la cultura del cuidado, y, c) la mirada parental propia de las ontologías relacionales. Los autores, además, establecen una aproximación a la acción de curar, detallan características propias de la curaduría de películas ambientales, y destacan la responsabilidad académica y por las audiencias de los curadores.Palabras clave: Curaduría de películas. Cine ambiental. Antropocentrismo. Ontologías relacionales. Relaciones parentales. A curadoria de filmes do FESTIVERD Resumo:Este ensaio apresenta a evolução da curadoria cinematográfica do Festival Internacional de Cinema e Vídeo Verde da Venezuela (FESTIVERD) a partir de três etapas: (a) a predominância do olhar antropocêntrico visível nas obras baseadas em ontologias duais (natureza x cultura), (b) a armadilha do antropocentrismo exposta como cultura do cuidado e, c) o olhar parental das ontologias relacionais. Os autores também estabelecem uma abordagem sobre a ação curativa, detalham características da curadoria de filmes ambientais, e destacam a responsabilidade acadêmica e para com o público dos curadores.Palavras-chave: Curadoria de filmes. Cinema ambiental. Antropocentrismo. Antologias relacionais. Relações parentais.
Piadas de bêbado sem-vergonha: quebrando e reforçando o estereótipo
Authors: Gil Francisco Baptista 
Published: May 2023

Partindo do discurso de Lucio Oliveira, por meio das suas histórias em quadrinhos humorísticas em Edibar, este texto tem como objetivo analisar os estereótipos sociais a partir dos pressupostos teóricos da Análise de Discurso. O nosso intuito é compreender como o humor de Edibar é articulado em torno dos estereótipos das funções sociais do homem e da mulher. Sabendo que os estereótipos são rótulos sociais, conceitos, ou modelos de imagem atribuídas a determinadas pessoas, pretende-se discutir como as referências a alguns padrões podem provocar o seu reforço ou a sua desconstrução como crítica social.Palavras-chave: Análise de Discurso; Estereótipos Sociais; Humor; Quadrinhos. Shameless drunk jokes: breaking and reinforcing stereotypesAbstract: Starting from Lucio Oliveira's discourse, through his comics and his graphic and humoristic work in Edibar, this text aims to analyze social stereotypes from the theoretical assumptions of Discourse Analysis. Our intention is to understand how humor is articulated around some stereotypes, the social roles of men and women in the marital context. Knowing that stereotypes are social labels. concepts, ideas or image models attributed to certain people, we intend to discuss how references to some standards can cause their reinforcement or their deconstruction as social criticism.Keywords: Discourse Analysis; Social Stereotyping; Humor; Comics.
Fast-Spiking Interneurons of the Premotor Cortex Contribute to Initiation and Execution of Spontaneous Actions
Authors: Giordano Nadia , Alia Claudia , Fruzzetti Lorenzo , Pasquini Maria , Palla Giulia , Mazzoni Alberto , Micera Silvestro , Fogassi Leonardo , Bonini Luca , Caleo Matteo 
Published: May 2023

Planning and execution of voluntary movement depend on the contribution of distinct classes of neurons in primary motor and premotor areas. However, timing and pattern of activation of GABAergic cells during specific motor behaviors remain only partly understood. Here, we directly compared the response properties of putative pyramidal neurons (PNs) and GABAergic fast-spiking neurons (FSNs) during spontaneous licking and forelimb movements in male mice. Recordings centered on the face/mouth motor field of the anterolateral motor cortex (ALM) revealed that FSNs fire longer than PNs and earlier for licking, but not for forelimb movements. Computational analysis revealed that FSNs carry vastly more information than PNs about the onset of movement. While PNs differently modulate their discharge during distinct motor acts, most FSNs respond with a stereotyped increase in firing rate. Accordingly, the informational redundancy was greater among FSNs than PNs. Finally, optogenetic silencing of a subset of FSNs reduced spontaneous licking movement. These data suggest that a global rise of inhibition contributes to the initiation and execution of spontaneous motor actions.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTOur study contributes to clarifying the causal role of fast-spiking neurons (FSNs) in driving initiation and execution of specific, spontaneous movements. Within the face/mouth motor field of mice premotor cortex, FSNs fire before pyramidal neurons (PNs) with a specific activation pattern: they reach their peak of activity earlier than PNs during the initiation of licking, but not of forelimb, movements; duration of FSNs activity is also greater and exhibits less selectivity for the movement type, as compared with that of PNs. Accordingly, FSNs appear to carry more redundant information than PNs. Optogenetic silencing of FSNs reduced spontaneous licking movement, suggesting that FSNs contribute to the initiation and execution of specific spontaneous movements, possibly by sculpting response selectivity of nearby PNs.
Metamodal Coupling of Vibrotactile and Auditory Speech Processing Systems through Matched Stimulus Representations
Authors: Damera Srikanth R. , Malone Patrick S. , Stevens Benson W. , Klein Richard , Eberhardt Silvio P. , Auer Edward T. , Bernstein Lynne E. , Riesenhuber Maximilian 
Published: May 2023

It has been postulated that the brain is organized by “metamodal,” sensory-independent cortical modules capable of performing tasks (e.g., word recognition) in both “standard” and novel sensory modalities. Still, this theory has primarily been tested in sensory-deprived individuals, with mixed evidence in neurotypical subjects, thereby limiting its support as a general principle of brain organization. Critically, current theories of metamodal processing do not specify requirements for successful metamodal processing at the level of neural representations. Specification at this level may be particularly important in neurotypical individuals, where novel sensory modalities must interface with existing representations for the standard sense. Here we hypothesized that effective metamodal engagement of a cortical area requires congruence between stimulus representations in the standard and novel sensory modalities in that region. To test this, we first used fMRI to identify bilateral auditory speech representations. We then trained 20 human participants (12 female) to recognize vibrotactile versions of auditory words using one of two auditory-to-vibrotactile algorithms. The vocoded algorithm attempted to match the encoding scheme of auditory speech while the token-based algorithm did not. Crucially, using fMRI, we found that only in the vocoded group did trained-vibrotactile stimuli recruit speech representations in the superior temporal gyrus and lead to increased coupling between them and somatosensory areas. Our results advance our understanding of brain organization by providing new insight into unlocking the metamodal potential of the brain, thereby benefitting the design of novel sensory substitution devices that aim to tap into existing processing streams in the brain.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIt has been proposed that the brain is organized by “metamodal,” sensory-independent modules specialized for performing certain tasks. This idea has inspired therapeutic applications, such as sensory substitution devices, for example, enabling blind individuals “to see” by transforming visual input into soundscapes. Yet, other studies have failed to demonstrate metamodal engagement. Here, we tested the hypothesis that metamodal engagement in neurotypical individuals requires matching the encoding schemes between stimuli from the novel and standard sensory modalities. We trained two groups of subjects to recognize words generated by one of two auditory-to-vibrotactile transformations. Critically, only vibrotactile stimuli that were matched to the neural encoding of auditory speech engaged auditory speech areas after training. This suggests that matching encoding schemes is critical to unlocking the brain's metamodal potential.
Changes of regional mortality rates from cardiovascular diseases and cognitive disorders in Russia over 2019-2021
Authors: Samorodskaya I. V. , Starinskaya M. A. , Boytsov S. A. 
Published: May 2023

Aim. To analyze mortality from cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and diseases associated with cognitive impairment (CI) in the regions of the Russian Federation.Material and methods. We analyzed Rosstat mortality data in 82 Russian regions in mid-year population in one-year age groups for 2019-2021. Eleven groups of causes have been formed, standardized mortality rates (SMRs), average regional SMRs, and their changes over time was assessed.Results. In total, SMRs from CVD and CI increased from 551,4±84,9 in 2019 to 622,6±98,5 per 100 thousand population in 2020 and decreased in 2021 to 612,6±106 per 100 thousand population. However, its proportion in all-cause mortality decreased by almost 10% (46,97±4,6 in 2021 and 55,98±4,6% in 2019). The growth of SMRs from year to year was noted in 30 regions; in other regions, unstable changes were noted. The proportion of CVD causes from all-cause mortality was 30,5±5,8% in 2019, 29,1±5,7% in 2020 and 25,95±5,56% in 2021 (p<0,0001). The largest SMRs and their proportion in the mortality structure are in group 1 (chronic coronary artery disease (CAD) — an average of 17,8±5,8% over 3 years) and group 6 (causes with unclear criteria for the disease, but associated with CI — 13,9±5,9%). The contribution of the second (acute coronary artery disease — 4,6±2,8%), the third (defects, cardiopathies, endo- and myocarditis — 4,8±2,7%) and the fifth (stroke — 6,1±1,7%) groups of causes are much smaller. The sixth place in terms of SMRs and contribution to all-cause mortality is occupied by alcohol-associated causes (1,8±1,1%). The proportion of other causes (hypertension, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, other mental disorders) is small.Conclusion. When developing and implementing programs aimed at reducing mortality, results obtained should be taken into account. Significant regional differences in the rate and changes of SMRs over time indicate the need to unify the criteria for the underlying cause of death, especially in multimorbid patients.
UTILIZATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE CLIMATIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE REGION
Authors: Latypov O. R. , Laptev A. B. , Shevlyakov F. B. , Golubev I. A. , Shaposhnikov N. O. 
Published: May 2023

Based on a review of the literature, it is shown that there are a large number of qualified specialists in the cultivation of microalgae to absorb carbon dioxide in the country, despite the apparent complexity of this method in comparison with the method of injecting it into the layer. Since the absorption by microalgae of the genus chlorella occurs using the energy of sunlight, then with a sufficient amount of it, emissions of additional carbon dioxide are dispensed with. This technology, like no other, depends on climatic conditions: in a climate with an average annual temperature below 0 °C, algae cultivation is impractical, here the only acceptable technology is carbon dioxide liquefaction and its injection into the layer. In a temperate climate, where the largest number of enterprises and cities in Europe and Russia are located, it is necessary to alternate technologies, that is, in summer, cultivate large areas of chlorella according to the technology proposed in the article, and in winter, reduce the area and pump some of carbon dioxide into storage.
INVESTIGATION OF INITIATING ADDITIVE EFFECT ON BIOGAS FORMATION DURING SOLID HOUSEHOLD AND MUNICIPAL WASTE DECOMPOSITION
Authors: Yapaev R. R. , Faskhutdinov I. R. , Nasyrova L. A. 
Published: May 2023

The article is devoted to the problem of the biogas formation process during solid household and municipal waste decomposition. It is noted the necessity to ensure a constant temperature regime of biodegradation at landfills under natural conditions of waste disposal, as well as the intensification of the process itself. The results of experimental studies on the production of biogas during the decomposition of model mixtures from solid household and municipal waste in laboratory conditions in the presence of initiating additives are presented.
The aim of the work is to study the effect of initiating additives on biogas formation during the biodegradation of solid household and municipal waste with the defining of the best intensifier.
As a result of the research, the authors obtained results indicating the effect of dietary supplements on the formation of biogas during the organic waste decomposition. The factors that affect the process of mixtures biodegradation are revealed, proving the validity of the use of initiating additives, as well as the use of landfills of solid household and municipal waste of a new design.
TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE DEPOSITS VOLUME ASSESSING USING REFERENCE LIQUIDS IN PIPELINES
Authors: Denislamov I. Z. , Shadrina P. N. , Sitdikova D. F. 
Published: May 2023

The gas-liquid mixture flow along an oil and gas field pipeline is a complex process, the parameters of which, as a rule, are not determined along its length. Pressure and temperature of water-oil emulsion decrease along the pipeline length, pressure and temperature conditions of separation from oil both light components in the form of associated petroleum gas and heavy components – in the form of asphaltenes, resins, paraffins and mechanical impurities – change. Two techniques for deposit quantitative diagnostics in the pipeline are discussed in the article. Viscosity and velocity of injected reference fluid in the pipeline section complicated by deposits are considered as informative parameters when using pressure sensors and ultrasonic flowmeter.
Technologies for the quantitative assessment of deposits in oilfield pipelines based on the control of the movement of a fluid with a reference property different from the property of the pipeline fluid are proposed. According to the first technology, the viscosity of the liquid is changed and the pressure difference at the beginning and at the end of the pipeline with deposits is fixed in time. According to the second technology, the value of the increased velocity of fluid movement in places where the pipeline is narrowed due to the presence of deposits is measured. The theoretical basis of the processes occurring with liquids in pipeline transport is substantiated. With an increase in the viscosity of the reference liquid, the degree of compression of the liquid increases and, as a result, the frequency of vibrations of the liquid molecules increases. With a decrease in the viscosity of the reference liquid, the reverse picture is observed.