bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Space borne nulling interferometry with non-rotating telescope arrays
Authors: Hénault François 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Spaceborne nulling interferometry in the mid-infrared waveband is one of the most promising techniques for characterizing the atmospheres of extra-solar planets orbiting in the habitable zone of their parent star and possibly discovering life markers. One of the most difficult challenges is the control of a free-flying telescope spacecraft moving around a central combiner to modulate the planet signal. Moreover, the entire array must be reconfigured regularly to observe different celestial targets, thus increasing the risk of losing one or more spacecraft and aborting the mission before its normal end. This paper describes a simplified optical configuration in which the telescopes do not need to be rotated and the number of necessary array reconfigurations is minimized. It allows efficient modulation of the planet signal, using only making use of rotating prisms or mirrors located in the central combiner. The general principle of a Nulling interferometer with a fixed telescope array is explained. Mathematical relationships were established to determine the planet modulation signal. Numerical simulations were performed for three different arrangements of collecting telescopes. They confirmed that nulling interferometry in space did not require a rotating telescope array.
Wildfire smoke exposure and emergency department visits in Washington State
Authors: Doubleday Annie , Sheppard Lianne , Austin Elena , Busch Isaksen Tania 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Wildfires are increasing in prevalence in western North America due to changing climate conditions. A growing number of studies examine the impact of wildfire smoke on morbidity; however, few evaluate these impacts using syndromic surveillance data that cover many emergency departments (EDs). We used syndromic surveillance data to explore the effect of wildfire smoke exposure on all-cause respiratory and cardiovascular ED visits in Washington state. Using a time-stratified case crossover design, we observed an increased odds of asthma visits immediately after and in all five days following initial exposure (lag 0 OR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.17; lag 1–5 ORs all 1.05 or greater with a lower CI of 1.02 or higher), and an increased odds of respiratory visits in all five days following initial exposure (lag 1 OR: 1.02; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.03; lag 2–5 ORs and lower CIs were all at least as large) comparing wildfire smoke to non-wildfire smoke days. We observed mixed results for cardiovascular visits, with evidence of increased odds emerging only several days following initial exposure. We also found increased odds across all visit categories for a 10 μg m−3 increase in smoke-impacted PM2.5. In stratified analyses, we observed elevated odds for respiratory visits among ages 19–64, for asthma visits among ages 5–64, and mixed risk estimates for cardiovascular visits by age group. This study provides evidence of an increased risk of respiratory ED visits immediately following initial wildfire smoke exposure, and increased risk of cardiovascular ED visits several days following initial exposure. These increased risks are seen particularly among children and younger to middle-aged adults.
Effects of surgical specialization and surgeon resection volume on postoperative complications and mortality rate after emergent colon cancer resection
Authors: Engdahl Jenny , Öberg Astrid , Bergenfeldt Henrik , Edelhamre Marcus , Vedin Tomas , Bech-Larsen Sandra , Öberg Stefan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of surgical specialization and surgeon resection volume on short-term outcome after emergent colon cancer resections.

Methods
A retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent resections for colon cancer between 2011 and 2020 at Helsingborg Hospital, Sweden was performed. The senior surgeon participating in each procedure was classified as a colorectal surgeon or a non-colorectal surgeon. Non-colorectal surgeons were further divided into acute care surgeons or surgeons with other specialties. Surgeons were also divided into three groups based on median yearly resection volumes. Postoperative complications and 30- or 90-day mortality rate after emergent colon cancer resections were compared in patients operated on by surgeons with different specializations and yearly resection volumes.

Results
Of 1121 patients resected for colon cancer, 235 (21.0 per cent) had emergent procedures. The complication rate of emergent resections was similar in patients operated on by colorectal surgeons and non-colorectal surgeons (54.1 versus 51.1 per cent respectively), and the subgroup of acute care surgeons (45.8 per cent), whereas resections performed by general surgeons were significantly associated with more frequent complications (odds ratio (OR) 2.5 (95 per cent c.i. 1.1 to 6.1)). The complication rate was numerically highest in patients operated on by surgeons with the highest resection volumes, which differed significantly from that of surgeons with intermediate resection volumes (OR 4.2 (95 per cent c.i. 1.1 to 16.0)). There was no difference in the mortality rate of patients operated on by surgeons with different specializations or yearly resection volumes.

Conclusion
This study documented similar morbidity and mortality rates after emergent colon resection performed by colorectal and acute care surgeons, but patients operated on by general surgeons had more frequent complications.
Sex-specific seasonal variations of wild boar distance traveled and home range size
Authors: Cavazza Silvia , Brogi Rudy , Apollonio Marco 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Distance traveled and home range size describe how animals move in space. The seasonal variations of these parameters are important to comprehensively understand animal ecology and its connection with reproductive behavior and energy costs. Researchers usually estimate the distance traveled as the sum of the straight-line displacements between sampled positions, but this approach is sensitive to the sampling frequency and does not account for the tortuosity of the animal’s movements. By means of the continuous-time movement modeling which takes into account autocorrelation and tortuosity of movement data, we estimated the distance traveled and monthly home range size of 28 wild boar Sus scrofa and modeled their inter-sexual seasonal variability. Males traveled longer distances and used larger home ranges than females, particularly during the rut in autumn-winter, consistently with the different biological cycles of males and females. Males enlarged their home ranges during the rut but traveled constant average distances along the year, whereas females traveled shorter distances in correspondence with the peak of food resources and birth periods but exhibited constant home range size across seasons. The differences between the seasonal variation patterns of distance traveled and home range size, observed in both sexes, revealed the complex relationship between these two aspects of spatial behavior and the great opportunity of including both distance traveled and home range size in behavioral ecology investigations. We provided a detailed analysis of wild boar spatial behavior and its relationships with the reproductive cycles of males and females, promoting a deeper comprehension of their behavioral ecology.
Rotational atherectomy for calcified lesions during ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a case series and literature review
Authors: Brown Kristen N , Jhand Aravdeep S , Chatzizisis Yiannis , Goldsweig Andrew M 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) has traditionally been a relative contraindication for the utilization of rotational atherectomy (RA). However, in severely calcified lesions, RA may be necessary to facilitate stent delivery.

Case summary
Three patients who present with STEMI are found to have severely calcified lesions on intravascular ultrasound. Equipment was unable to pass the lesions in all three cases. Rotational atherectomy was therefore performed to allow for stent passage. All three cases had achieved successful revascularization with no intraoperative or post-operative complications. The patients remained angina-free the rest of their hospitalization and at the 4 month follow-up.

Discussion
Rotational atherectomy for calcific plaque modification during STEMI when equipment will not pass is a feasible and safe therapeutic option.
The Psychologically Informed Practice Consultation Roadmap: A Clinical Implementation Strategy
Authors: Main Chris J , Simon Corey B , Beneciuk Jason M , Greco Carol M , George Steven Z , Ballengee Lindsay A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Psychologically informed practice (PiP) includes a special focus on psychosocial obstacles to recovery, but research trials have revealed significant difficulties in implementing PiP outside of research environments. Qualitative studies have identified problems of both competence and confidence in tackling the psychosocial aspects of care, with a tendency to prefer dealing with the more mechanical aspects of care. In PiP, the distinction between assessment and management is not clear-cut. Analysis of the problem is part of the intervention, and guided self-management begins with the initial detective work by the patient, who is encouraged to develop successful and relevant behavior change. This requires a different style and focus of communication that some clinicians find difficult to enact. In this Perspective, the PiP Consultation Roadmap is offered as a guide for clinical implementation to establish a therapeutic relationship, develop patient-centered communication, and guide effective pain self-management. These strategies are illustrated through the metaphor of the patient learning to drive, with the therapist as a driving instructor and the patient as a student driver. For convenience, the Roadmap is depicted in 7 stages. Each stage represents aspects of the clinical consultation in a recommended order, although the Roadmap should be viewed as a general guide with a degree of flexibility to accommodate individual differences and optimize PiP interventions. It is anticipated that the experienced PiP clinician will find it progressively easier to implement the Roadmap as the building blocks and style of consultation become more familiar.
Pathogenicity of Stagonosporopsis caricae, Stagonosporopsis citrulli, and Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum on Five Commonly Cultivated Cucurbit Species
Authors: Seblani R. , Munkvold G. P. 
Published: May 2023

Gummy stem blight is a destructive fungal disease that affects all commonly cultivated cucurbit crops. One cultivar each of the five cucurbit species susceptible to gummy stem blight were inoculated with two isolates of Stagonosporopsis caricae, three isolates of Stagonosporopsis citrulli, and one isolate of Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum to explore the host range and relative aggressiveness of each isolate. In a series of greenhouse experiments, all isolates were pathogenic to the crops tested, but disease severity differed significantly among isolates and cucurbit cultivars. There were also significant interactions between isolate and cultivar. S. citrulli isolates caused the most severe symptoms across all five cultivars, and S. citrulli isolates C-68 and DbHD-10 were consistently among the most aggressive isolates on each cultivar. S. caricae isolates generally caused less severe symptoms, but W-1028 ( S. caricae) was among the most aggressive isolates on Tyria cucumber. These results add to the understanding of the relationships of the three Stagonosporopsis species with various cucurbit hosts, reinforcing knowledge about the pathogenicity of the three species across cucurbit crops and the potentially high aggressiveness of S. citrulli. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
P2X7 receptor of microglia in olfactory bulb mediates the pathogenesis of olfactory dysfunction in a mouse model of allergic rhinitis
Authors: Ren Chao , Mou Ya‐Kui , Song Xiao‐Yu , Wei Shi‐Zhuang , Wang Han‐Rui , Wang Yao , Zhang Wen‐Bin , Li Bing , Song Xi‐Cheng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis (AR)‐related olfactory dysfunction (OD) remains unknown. Inhibiting microglial response in olfactory bulb (OB) can ameliorate AR‐related OD, but no precise targets have been available. In this study, we established a mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA)‐induced AR and combined with the application of P2X7 receptor (P2X7R)‐specific antagonists and cell culture in conditioned medium to investigate the role and mechanism of OB microglial P2X7R in AR‐related OD. Serum IgE and IL‐5 levels determined via ELISA and federated the number of nose‐scratching to affirm the success of OVA‐induced AR mouse model. Buried food pellet test was used to evaluate the olfactory function of mice. The changes of IBA1, GFAP, P2X7R, IL‐1β, IL‐1Ra, and CASPASE 1 were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. The levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were determined by the commercialized kit. The morphological changes of microglia were assessed using immunofluorescence staining and Sholl analysis. Findings showed that AR‐related OD was associated with OB microglia‐mediated imbalance between IL‐1β and IL‐1Ra. Treatment with BBG improved the olfactory function in AR mice with restoring the balance between IL‐1β and IL‐1Ra. In vitro, the conditioned medium obtained after HNEpC treatment with Der p1 could activate HMC3 to arise inflammatory reaction basing on “ATP‐P2X7R‐Caspase 1” axis, while inhibition of its P2X7R suppressed the reaction. In brief, microglial P2X7R in OB is a direct effector molecule in AR‐related OD and inhibition of it may be a new strategy for the treatment of AR‐related OD.
Grit as a Predictor of Academic Success Among Associate Degree Nursing Students
Authors: Young-Brice Amber , Johnson B. Kyle , McCormack Mary Grace , Peña Maria , Leiberg Jessica , Dreifuerst Kristina Thomas 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

AIM
The purpose of this study was to explore whether grit is a predictor of success in associate degree nursing (ADN) programs.

BACKGROUND
A question that challenges admission decision-making in nursing programs is “Who will succeed?” This question is particularly relevant in ADN programs, which often have higher attrition rates than baccalaureate programs.

METHOD
This longitudinal, mixed-methods study was conducted with 451 ADN students across nine programs, including interviews with seven unsuccessful students and nine successful students.

RESULTS
Short Grit Scale scores were not found to be statistically significant as a predictor of academic success; however, themes that emerged from the interviews do align with the theory of grit.

CONCLUSION
Further research is needed to explore whether recognizing the level of grit in students during admission processes would help identify students who are likely to succeed.
An Online Module to Promote Self-Care and Resiliency in Nursing Students
Authors: Higgins Karen , Hawkins Janice , Tremblay Beth , Wiles Lynn 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Because the demands of nursing education can impact the physical and mental health of nursing students, the American Association of Colleges of Nursing’s revised Essentials require inclusion of self-care and resilience education in nursing curricula. This article describes the development, implementation, and evaluation of a self-care module in a new online undergraduate course. Using the REST mnemonic (relationships, exercise, soul, and transformative thinking), students developed personalized self-care plans for the semester. End-of-course evaluations revealed an increase in self-care activities. The most used activities were exercise, humor, intentional rest, and healthy eating.
Associations between Patient Experience and Addiction Treatment Facility Services: Results of the Addiction Treatment Locator, Assessment, and Standards Surveys
Authors: Chen Kevin , Oldfield Benjamin J. , Joudrey Paul J. , Biegacki Emma T. , Fiellin David A. 
Published: May 2023

Objectives
Patient experience and presence of evidence-based facility services are 2 dimensions of assessing quality of addiction treatment facilities. However, the relationship between these two is not well described. The objective of this study was to explore associations between patient experience measures and service offerings at addiction treatment facilities.

Methods
We used data from cross-sectional surveys of addiction treatment facilities and persons involved in treatment at corresponding facilities to identify facility services (eg, availability of medications for alcohol use disorder, assistance with obtaining social services, etc) and patient experience measures (overall facility rating, extent helped by treatment, ability to deal with daily problems after treatment), respectively. We used hierarchical multiple logistic regression to test for associations between top-box scores for each patient experience outcome and facility services.

Results
We analyzed 9191 patient experience surveys from 149 facilities. Assistance with obtaining social services (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 0.43 [0.28–0.66]) was associated with lower overall treatment facility ratings. Childcare (2.00 [1.04–3.84]) was associated with top-box scores for extent helped. Availability of cognitive behavioral therapy (2.67 [1.25–5.73]) and childcare (1.77 [1.08–2.92]) were associated with top-box scores for ability to deal with daily problems after treatment. Assistance with obtaining social services (0.61 [0.41–0.90]) was associated with lower scores for ability to deal with problems after treatment.

Conclusions
Few addiction treatment facility services were associated with patient experience measures. Future work should explore bridging the gap between evidence-based services and positive patient experiences.
Persistent Use of Prescription Opioids Before and After Lumbar Spine Surgery
Authors: Holmberg Siril T. , Skurtveit Svetlana , Gulati Sasha , Salvesen Øyvind O. , Nygaard Øystein P. , Solberg Tore K. , Fredheim Olav M.S. 
Published: May 2023

Study Design.
Prospective pharmacoepidemiologic study.

Objective.
To investigate clinical and sociodemographic factors associated with persistent opioid use in the years following spine surgery among patients with persistent opioid use preceding lumbar spine surgery.

Summary of Background Data.
It is unknown whether successful spine surgery leads to a cessation of preoperative persistent opioid use.

Materials and Methods.
Data from the Norwegian Registry for Spine Surgery and the Norwegian Prescription Database were linked for patients operated for degenerative lumbar spine disorders between 2007 and 2017. The primary outcome measure was persistent opioid use in the second year after surgery. Functional disability was measured with the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Factors associated with persistent opioid use in the year before, and two years following, surgery were identified using multivariable logistic regression analysis. The variables included in the analysis were selected based on their demonstrated role in prior studies.

Results.
The prevalence of persistent opioid use was 8.7% in the year before surgery. Approximately two-thirds of patients also met the criteria for persistent opioid use the second year after surgery. Among patients who did not meet the criteria for persistent opioid use the year before surgery, 991 (3.3%) patients developed persistent opioid use in the second year following surgery. The strongest association was exhibited by high doses of benzodiazepines in the year preceding surgery (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.26 to 2.19, P<0.001). Among patients without persistent opioid use, the most influential factor associated with new-onset persistent opioid use in the second year after surgery was the use of high doses of benzodiazepines (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.26 to 2.44, P<0.001), high doses of z-hypnotics (OR 2.6, 95% CI 2.10 to 3.23, P<0.001) and previous surgery at the same lumbar level (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.68, P=0.003).

Conclusion.
A substantial proportion of patients reported sustained opioid use after surgery. Patients with persistent opioid use before surgery should be supported to taper off opioid treatment. Special efforts appear to be required to taper off opioid use in patients using high doses of benzodiazepines.

Level of Evidence.
2; Prospective observational study.
A Different Way to Think About Syndromes of Hereditary Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Abbass Mohammad Ali , Plesec Thomas , Church James M. 
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND:
Hereditary colorectal cancer is an increasingly complex field where the commoner syndromes are being augmented by rarer genetic presentations that contribute to familial polyposis and colorectal cancer. Coming to grips with the complexity is difficult because of the phenotypic and genotypic overlap between syndromes.

OBJECTIVE:
In this article, we describe a new way of thinking about syndromes of hereditary colorectal cancer based on their embryonic tissue of origin.

DATA SOURCES:
Articles were searched through PubMed and Medline.

STUDY SELECTION:
The terms “hereditary colorectal cancer,” “syndromes of hereditary colorectal cancer,” and “hereditary polyposis” were used to direct the search.

RESULTS:
Primarily endoderm-derived syndromes were different to mesoderm-derived syndromes in their genetics, molecular biology, histology and clinical course.

LIMITATIONS:
There is considerable phenotypic and genotypic overlap between syndromes, even when considering embryonic tissue of origin.

CONCLUSION:
Thinking about hereditary syndromes of colorectal cancer from the perspective of embryonic tissue of origin provides a fresh look at phenotype and genotype that opens new areas of exploration.
A Case of Fibula Regeneration after Below-the-knee Amputation in an Adult
Authors: Fukuba Michiko , Dogo Kyoko , Saito Koji , Ishida Tsuyoshi , Yamaoka Hisayo , Okochi Masayuki , Ogata Naoshi , Komuro Yuzo 
Published: May 2023

Summary:
We report the case of an adult with fibula regeneration after below-the-knee amputation. Fibula regeneration conventionally occurs at the donor site of children after autogenous fibula transplantation when the periosteum is preserved. However, the patient was an adult, and the regenerated fibula was 7-cm long and grew directly from the stump. A 47-year-old man was referred to the plastic surgery department owing to stump pain. He had an open comminuted fracture of the right fibula and tibia due to a traffic accident when he was 44 years old and underwent below-the-knee amputation and negative pressure wound therapy for skin defects. The patient recovered and was able to walk using a prosthetic limb. Upon radiography, the fibula was found to have regenerated 7 cm directly from the stump. Pathological examination revealed that the regenerated fibula contained normal bone tissue and neurovascular bundles in the cortex. The periosteum, mechanical stimuli with limb proteases, and negative pressure wound therapy were suspected to have accelerated bone regeneration. He had no inhibitory factors for bone regeneration, including diabetes mellitus, peripheral arterial disease, or active smoking status. After the resection of the regenerated fibula, the patient was ambulatory without further bone regeneration or pain. This case report suggests that bone regeneration may occur even in adults. The surgeon should not leave any part of the periosteum behind in patients undergoing amputation. In adult amputees complaining of stump pain, the possibility of bone regeneration may be considered.