bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Analysis of Otolaryngology in Avicenna's Canon of Medicine: Utilizing the Original Arabic Text
Authors: Samarrai Ruwaa , Radwan Tariq , Samarrai Musab , Soultan Eman , Mutib Omair , Chebib Mohamad F. , Falcone Todd , Parham Kourosh 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAvicenna authored The Canon of Medicine, a principal medical textbook for over 600 years. Our primary goal is to systematically review and translate relevant portions of The Canon in its original Arabic and correlate to Sardo's 2014 translation, focusing on otolaryngology, to present an accurate representation of Avicenna's impact and highlight notable discrepancies. Secondarily, we aim to review the literature for citations discussing Avicenna's contributions to otolaryngology and identify misinterpretations. Notably, Avicenna may have described the shape of the cochlea 500 years before its believed discovery in humans by Eustachius (1552) and Falloppius (1561). There are also obscurities in Avicenna's descriptions of the etiology of epistaxis and airway management. It is essential to remain critical of historical texts and safeguard the accurate propagation of information to preserve the integrity of historical context and timelines of scientific advancement.
The Course of Hearing Loss in Patients With a Progressive Vestibular Schwannoma
Authors: Koetsier Kimberley S. , Locher Heiko , Koot Radboud W. , van der Mey Andel G.L. , van Benthem Peter‐Paul G. , Jansen Jeroen C. , Hensen Erik F. ,   The Leiden Skull Base Centre
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study evaluates the natural course of hearing loss (HL) prior to treatment in patients with progressive tumors and an indication for active intervention. Evaluating this patient group specifically can put hearing outcomes after vestibular schwannoma therapy into an adequate context.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingTertiary referral center.MethodsInclusion criteria comprised unilateral vestibular schwannomas prior to active treatment, with ≥2 mm extracanalicular (EC) tumor growth and ≥2 audiograms. We performed a comprehensive assessment of hearing using multiple outcome parameters including (the annual decrease in) pure‐tone averages (PTAs; an average of 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 kHz). Predictors for HL were evaluated (patient age, tumor size/progression, follow‐up duration, baseline hearing).ResultsAt presentation, 86% of patients suffered from sensorineural HL on the affected side (≥20 dB PTA) with a median of 39 dB (interquartile rate [IQR]: 27‐51 dB). The median follow‐up duration was 21 months (IQR: 13‐34 months), after which 58% (187/322) of patients experienced progressive HL (≥10 dB), with a median increase of 6.4 dB/year. At the last follow‐up, the median PTA was 56 dB (IQR: 37‐73). Median speech discrimination scores deteriorated from 90% (IQR: 70%‐100%) to 65% (IQR: 35%‐100%). Tumor progression (maximal EC diameter) was significantly correlated to the progression of sensorineural HL, corrected for follow‐up (F(2,228) = 10.4, p < .001, R2 = 8%).ConclusionThe majority of patients (58%) with radiologically confirmed progressive vestibular schwannomas experience progressive sensorineural HL during observation. Tumor progression rate, EC tumor extension, and longer follow‐up are factors associated with more sensorineural HL.
Developing Consensus on Priority Pediatric Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery Conditions and Procedures
Authors: Nuss Sarah , Cahill Gabrielle L. , Limenh Wale , Wiedermann Joshua 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to develop an international expert consensus on priority pediatric otolaryngology‐head and neck surgery (OHNS) conditions and procedures for which all national health systems globally should be capable of managing.Study DesignThe Delphi method is a multiround online questionnaire and was administered internationally to otolaryngologists with a focus on pediatric populations. This study was administered in parallel to a Delphi survey focusing on adult OHNS conditions amongst adult otolaryngology experts.SettingInternational online survey.MethodsIn round 1, participants listed the top 15 pediatric otolaryngological conditions and top 15 pediatric otolaryngology procedures for their World Bank region. In round 2, participants ranked round 1 responses in order of global importance on a 5‐point Likert scale. In round 3, participants reranked conditions and procedures that did not achieve consensus, defined as at least 70% of the round 2 Likert responses being ranked as either “important” or “very important.” Descriptive statistics were calculated for each round.ResultsThe survey was distributed to 35 experts globally, with a 40% (n = 14) response rate. Fifty percent (n = 7) of participants were from low‐ and middle‐income countries, with at least 1 participant from each World Bank region. A list of 28 consensus surgical procedures and 11 consensus conditions were identified.ConclusionThis Delphi survey method of world experts in pediatric otolaryngology identified a core list of medical conditions and surgical procedures that should be a part of every national health system's clinical goals of treatment, research, and capacity building.
Twitter Perspectives on Cochlear Implantation: Sentiment and Thematic Analysis
Authors: Feier Joel S. , Nguyen Kenny , Choi Janet S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo identify themes that contribute to the most positive and negative perspectives of cochlear implants (CIs) on Twitter.Study DesignA cross‐sectional qualitative study.SettingSocial media (Twitter).MethodsIn this study, all English‐language original tweets mentioning “cochlear implant” from 2019 to 2021 were collected from Twitter's Academic Research Database using a custom Python script. Sentiment analysis was performed using VADER, a sentiment analysis tool built to analyze the inherent positivity or negativity of social media posts. Tweets were quantitatively sorted by compound sentiment score (range −1 [most negative] to 1 [most positive]). Thematic analysis based on grounded theory was performed on the most positive, negative, and “liked” tweets.ResultsOf the 19,376 tweets included, the average (standard deviation) compound sentiment score was 0.21 (0.46). A total of 10,375 (53.5%) tweets had a positive tone, 4965 (25.6%) were neutral and 4036 (20.8%) were negative. Of the 100 most negative tweets, the most prominent themes were media representation (21.9%), the controversy of CI within the Deaf community (19.8%), and unrelated to direct patient experience (16.7%). Of the 100 most positive tweets, the most prominent themes were tweets of happiness and support (25.0%), tweets unrelated to direct patient experience (18.0%), and tweets about hearing new sounds (10.0%).ConclusionWhile the majority of tweets on CI carried a positive tone, there are ongoing challenges with the stigma surrounding CI. Public perspectives of CI on social media may help clinicians counsel CI patients and elucidate issues that lead to newfound acceptance or ongoing stigma of CI in the general population.
Need for Tympanostomy Tubes in Children With Recurrent Acute Otitis Media Without Middle Ear Effusion
Authors: Clark Alexander , Forner David , Noel Christopher W. , Corsten Gerard , Hong Paul 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveChildren with recurrent acute otitis media (RAOM) presenting without middle ear effusion (MEE) do not meet indications for surgical intervention as outlined by Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs). The objective of this study was to determine which patients presenting with RAOM without MEE ultimately received tympanostomy tubes.Study DesignCase series.SettingSingle academic pediatric otolaryngology clinic.MethodsChildren (0‐12 years) presenting with RAOM and no MEE were identified from October 2017 to December 2019. As per CPGs, no surgery was offered initially. Patients were given a semiurgent return appointment should they experience another suspected otitis media episode. If MEE was observed, tympanostomy tube insertion was offered. Patients were followed for 1‐year following enrollment.ResultsOne‐hundred and twenty‐four patients were included. The median age was 3.15 years old (interquartile range: 4.10). Seventy‐five (60%) patients did not require additional follow‐up and thus did not require tympanostomy tubes. Forty‐nine (40%) patients were seen again; of these, 11 patients received tympanostomy tubes. Therefore, of patients presenting with no MEE, 91% did not require tympanostomy tubes. Patients who had surgery were younger on initial assessment than those who did not (mean difference 2.68 years, 95% confidence interval: 2.14‐3.23).ConclusionThis study demonstrates the practical effect of adhering to CPGs for RAOM and suggests that many children may not require tympanostomy tube placement within the 1st year after the consultation if they did not initially present with MEE.
Deciphering the Selectivity of the Electrochemical CO2 Reduction to CO by a Cobalt Porphyrin Catalyst in Neutral Aqueous Solution: Insights from DFT Calculations
Authors: Cao Yu‐Chen , Shi Le‐Le , Li Man , You Bo , Liao Rong‐Zhen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDensity functional theory (DFT) calculations were conducted to investigate the cobalt porphyrin‐catalyzed electro‐reduction of CO2 to CO in an aqueous solution. The results suggest that CoII−porphyrin (CoII−L) undertakes a ligand‐based reduction to generate the active species CoII−L⋅−, where the CoII center antiferromagnetically interacts with the ligand radical anion. CoII−L⋅− then performs a nucleophilic attack on CO2, followed by protonation and a reduction to give CoII−L−COOH. An intermolecular proton transfer leads to the heterolytic cleavage of the C−O bond, producing intermediate CoII−L−CO. Subsequently, CO is released from CoII−L−CO, and CoII−L is regenerated to catalyze the next cycle. The rate‐determining step of this CO2RR is the nucleophilic attack on CO2 by CoII−L⋅−, with a total barrier of 20.7 kcal mol−1. The competing hydrogen evolution reaction is associated with a higher total barrier. A computational investigation regarding the substituent effects of the catalyst indicates that the CoPor−R3 complex is likely to display the highest activity and selectivity as a molecular catalyst.
Unpacking the interface of modernization, development and sustainability in Indigenous Guna communities of Panama
Authors: Dam Lam Rodolfo , Gasparatos Alexandros 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

This study elicits the main development challenges for the indigenous social‐ecological system (SES) of the Guna people in Panama, which is characterized by rapid change and a unique governance system.

We elicit the key challenges in the region through a combination of expert interviews with key actors in Gunayala's development and surveys with local communities.

Current development centred on tourism and government support provide new livelihood opportunities, access to better education and healthcare. However, the shift from a subsistence‐based economy characterized by strong community cohesion to a lifestyle characterized by capital accumulation has had undesirable consequences.

The current modernization and development trends have degraded some of the core values within the Guna belief system and worldview, and ultimately degraded elements of the SES. This is despite the strong institutions and self‐determination in Gunayala, which are commonly identified as strong buffers against unsustainable change in indigenous settings.

Our study shows that merging the perspectives of national experts and Indigenous communities can help provide complementary lenses to identify how modernization processes, development aspirations and socioeconomic and environmental change intersect. Arguably this can provide valuable insights to inform effective and sensitive development programmes and mitigate unintended consequences.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Empirical examples demonstrate how relational thinking might enrich science and practice
Authors: Eyster Harold N. , Satterfield Terre , Chan Kai M. A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractInterdependent relationships among humans and nature often go overlooked, delaying better environmental, social and public health outcomes. Emerging approaches have emphasized thinking through relationships, which we call ‘relational thinking’.Threads of relational thinking have matured in areas such as anthropology and Indigenous scholarship, and interest is growing across many disciplines. Welcoming this new cadre of relational thinkers requires a more broadly accessible synthesis. Sustainability scholars have begun to overcome these barriers with high‐level overviews and broad calls to adopt relational thinking.This literature has investigated the conceptual underpinnings of relational thinking, but the concrete, empirical benefits of relational thinking for understanding human–natural systems remain obscure.Here, we introduce a wide range of accessible empirical examples to demonstrate the potential for relational thinking to illuminate diverse coupled human‐and‐natural systems. We complement these examples with an overview of the theory behind relational thinking.We use these empirical examples to argue that some conventional methods are consistent with relational thinking, particularly when accompanied by deliberation and flexibility about which relationships to target, why, and how.Read the freePlain Language Summaryfor this article on the Journal blog.
Two‐stage reinforcement learning task predicts psychological traits
Authors: Treviño Mario , Castiello Santiago , De la Torre‐Valdovinos Braniff , Osuna Carrasco Paulina , Medina‐Coss y León Ricardo , Arias‐Carrión Oscar 
Published: February 2023

AbstractExternal sources of information influence human actions. However, psychological traits (PTs), considered internal variables, also play a crucial role in decision making. PTs are stable across time and contexts and define the set of behavioral repertoires that individuals express. Here, we explored how multiple metrics of adaptive behavior under uncertainty related to several PTs. Participants solved a reversal‐learning task with volatile contingencies, from which we characterized a detailed behavioral profile based on their response sequences. We then tested the relationship between this multimetric behavioral profile and scores obtained from self‐report psychological questionnaires. The PT measurements were based on the Hierarchical Taxonomy Of Psychopathology (HiTOP) model. By using multiple linear regression models (MLRMs), we found that the learning curves predicted important differences in the PTs and task response times. We confirmed the significance of these relationships by using random permutations of the predictors of the MLRM. Therefore, the behavioral profile configurations predicted the PTs and served as a “fingerprint” to identify participants with a high certainty level. We discuss briefly how this characterization and approach could contribute to better nosological classifications.
Atmospheric plasma activation and thin film deposition processes for adhesion improvement and corrosion resistance in the automotive industry
Authors: Ben Salem Dhia , Pappas Daphne , Buske Magnus 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe latest trends in the automotive industry show a shift towards more lightweight, robust vehicles powered by electric energy. Light weighting can be achieved through the use of carbon‐reinforced composite materials or light metals, such as aluminum, and by using adhesives for bonding instead of rivets and bolts. In this paper, results from the characterization of plasma‐treated polypropylene using water contact angle goniometry, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and attenuated total reflectance Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy are presented, showing the functionalization of the surface with chemical groups originating in the plasma phase. The improved adhesion to a hot melt adhesive is discussed and linked to an industrial headlamp application. Other case studies presented involve the plasma treatment of thermoplastic elastomers for car doors, the surface modification of semi‐trailer panels, and the deposition of plasma‐derived nanocoatings on aluminum substrates to promote corrosion resistance.
A case of disseminated intravascular coagulation following tumour lysis syndrome due to small cell carcinoma of the lung
Authors: Takahashi Saeko , Takehara Tomohiro , Tani Tetsuo , Ishioka Kota , Madoiwa Seiji 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA 64‐year‐old man was diagnosed with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) with multiple bone and liver metastases and bone marrow metastases. Spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome (TLS) was observed before starting chemotherapy with carboplatin, etoposide, and atezolizumab. The tumour further collapsed, and the patient developed disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) on day 4 of chemotherapy. The patient was successfully treated with intravenous hydration and rasburicase for TLS and subcutaneous unfractionated heparin for DIC. A large amount of tissue factor may be released in TLS, which could induce DIC. However, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of DIC following TLS in a case of SCLC. DIC following TLS in SCLC is a rare but life‐threatening oncologic complication. Therefore, clinicians should be aware of this possibility when treating patients with advanced SCLC.
High‐order control barrier functions‐based optimization control for time‐varying nonlinear systems with full‐state constraints: A dynamic sub‐safe set approach
Authors: Wang Haijing , Peng Jinzhu , Xu Juanjuan , Zhang Fangfang , Wang Yaonan 
Published: February 2023

SummaryThis study focuses on the problems of safety control and stabilization for time‐varying nonlinear systems in the presence of time‐varying full‐state constraints. High‐order control barrier functions (HoCBFs) without the assumption of forward completeness are introduced to prevent high‐relative degree constraint violations. The activated HoCBFs, which determine the dynamic sub‐safe sets, are proposed to indicate that the state constraints are already or about to be violated. Subsequently, the HoCBFs‐based controller is designed to obtain the admissible control set by utilizing the quadratic programming (QP) with activated HoCBFs conditions to synthesize the nominal controller. An explicit analytical expression is provided for the HoCBFs‐based controller. The input‐to‐state stable (ISS) property of the closed‐loop system under the proposed controller is investigated to ensure that all closed‐loop states remain bounded and achieve asymptotic tracking without violation of the constraint. Moreover, a Lyapunov‐like constraint is added to the HoCBFs‐based QP problem such that the solvability of the QP problem is a sufficient condition for the system ISS. The effectiveness of the proposed HoCBFs‐based control method for time‐varying nonlinear systems is illustrated using a numerical example.
Graphene‐Oxide‐Loaded Fe3O4‐Pd‐Ag Nanoparticles Allow Sensitive Detection of CEA through a Signal Enhancement Strategy**
Authors: Chen Siyu , Wu Mei , Shi Lei , Hong Chenglin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractUsing graphene oxide (GO)‐loaded Fe3O4‐Pd‐Ag (GO/Fe3O4‐Pd‐Ag) nanoparticles on a gold electrode as a platform, an unlabeled electrochemical immunosensor was fabricated in this study to detect the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) with high sensitivity. After modification, the stability and strength of the signal are improved by the increased effective area of the electrode and the synergistic effect of the silver nanoparticles with GO, Fe3O4, and Pd. The signal intensity decreased as the concentration of CEA increased. Using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, the immunosensor layer assembly process was validated. Under optimal conditions, the electrochemical immunosensor had a detection range of 1 pg mL−1 to 80 ng mL−1. The linear equation was I (μA)=304.563–41.867×logcCEA (ng mL−1), the correlation coefficient was 0.9967, and the detection limit was 0.2 pg mL−1. In addition, the modified electrochemical immunosensor exhibited high selectivity, stability, and repeatability. This electrochemical immunosensor shows a good application prospect in the detection of tumor marker CEA.
Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanodispersions in Solutions of Different Molecular Weight Chitosans
Authors: Urodkova Ekaterina K. , Uryupina Ol'ga Ya. , Zhavoronok Elena S. , Grammatikova Natalia E. , Kharitonova Tatiana V. , Senchikhin Ivan N. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe results of the testing of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) antibacterial activity obtained in aqua solutions of high molecular chitosan and oligochitosans at near‐physiological pH values are demonstrated. Aggregative stable AgNPs were synthesized in solutions of chitosans of average molecular weight of 6, 12 and 311 kDa. Nanodispersions were characterized by UV‐Vis and FTIR, SEM and TEM. AgNPs formation was confirmed by the presence of the surface plasmon resonance peak at nearly 425 nm in the extinction spectrum and TEM. The average size of approximately 40–90 nm was determined by DLS, electron microscopy and UV‐Vis. Minimal inhibitory concentrations were determined by microdilution in the Mueller‐Hinton broth method. The AgNPs dispersions exhibit a significant antibacterial effect toward both Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria strain (MIC values are of 1–8 μg/ml). The effect is little dependent on polymer molecular weight. A two‐stage Staphylococcus aureus growth suppression effect was found for the first time.
Synthesis and Inhibitory Activity of Oxazolethioacetamides against Metallo‐β‐Lactamase
Authors: Kong Lingyan , Zhang Yilin , Yang Liwen , Yan Yong , Cheng Min , Wang Xuejun , Zhai Le , Yang Kewu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe metallo‐β‐lactamases (MβLs) produced by pathogens has issued a challenge to the treatment of bacterial infections worldwide. A number of oxazolethioacetamides were designed and synthesized as potential MβLs inhibitors. Most of the compounds displayed inhibitory activity against MβL L1 with an IC50 value range of 0.19–0.38 μM. The fluorine substituted compounds also inhibited VIM‐2 with IC50 value of 2.1 to 6.8 μM. Molecule Docking showed the style and position of electron withdrawing groups played important role between the oxazolethioacetamides and MβLs.
Low loading Pt on TiO2 for the ultra‐selective hydrogenation of chloronitrobenzenes to chloroanilines
Authors: Duan Mingyu , He Daiping , Ding Yufang , Sun Junli , Jiang Ping , Zhou Gongbing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLow loading Pton TiO2 were prepared by an impregnation‐reduction process for chemoselective hydrogenation of chloronitrobenzenes (CNBs) to chloroanilines (CANs). The structure and physicochemical properties were characterized by N2 adsorption‐desorption, X‐ray diffraction, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and temperature programmedreduction. The low loading Pt(≤0.08 wt %) on TiO2 exhibited outstanding chemoselectivity for the catalytic hydrogenation of CNBs to CANs, without any disturbance on carbon‐chlorine bond. The characterization data suggested that the Pt particles were highly dispersed on TiO2 and strongelectronicinteractionsoccur between the dispersedPt andTiO2support, which led toelectron deficiency of nearly all Pt and production of suboxide TiOx species (x<2) in the 0.08 wt % Pt/TiO2. The electron‐deficient Pt and suboxide TiOx species favor N=O bondactivation, leading to its unique chemoselectivity.