bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Co-occurrence pattern of bacteria and fungi on the leaves of the invasive aquatic plant Alternanthera philoxeroides
Authors: Zhao Biying , Chen Jiangjun , Zou Yujuan , Dai Zhicong , Xing Peng , Wu Qinglong L 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The microbes that are attached to aquatic plants play critical roles in nutrient cycles and the maintenance of water quality. However, their community compositions, biodiversity and functions have not been well explored for the invasive plants in inland waters. Here, the co-occurrence patterns between bacteria and fungi on the leaves of Alternanthera philoxeroides and their potential ecological interactions were studied during the growing seasons. Along with significant variations in the alpha diversity of attached microbes over time, shifts in their community composition were significantly associated with the dynamics of plant stoichiometry, substrate composition and extracellular enzyme activity. Deterministic processes (heterogenous selection) play a predominant role in community assembly of the attached bacteria, while stochasticity (undominated process) was the major driver for the attached fungal assembly. Compared with the free-living microbial network, the attached microbial network was structurally simple but highly modular. The attached microbes had more intra-phylum links (primarily within the phyla Actinomycetota, Alphaproteobacteria, Bacillota and Basidiomycota) and distinct co-exclusion patterns between bacteria and fungi in the modules. In summary, the study will be helpful in understanding the microbes and their interactions in the phyllosphere of A. philoxeroides, an key invasive species under national management and control.
What can the eyes tell us about atypical sexual preferences as a function of sex and age? Linking eye movements with child-related chronophilias
Authors: Vásquez-Amézquita Milena , Leongómez Juan David , Salvador Alicia , Seto Michael C 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Visual attention plays a central role in current theories of sexual information processing and is key to informing the use of eye-tracking techniques in the study of typical sexual preferences and more recently, in the study of atypical preferences such as pedophilia (prepubescent children) and hebephilia (pubescent children). The aim of this theoretical-empirical review is to connect the concepts of a visual attention-based model of sexual arousal processing with eye movements as indicators of atypical sexual interests, to substantiate the use of eye-tracking as a useful indirect measure of sexual preferences according to sex and age of the stimuli. Implications for research are discussed in terms of recognizing the value, scope and limitations of eye-tracking in the study of pedophilia and other chronophilias in males and females, and the generation of new hypotheses using this type of indirect measure of human sexual response.
Complexities of recapitulating polygenic effects in natural populations: replication of genetic effects on wing shape in artificially selected and wild-caught populations of Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Pelletier Katie , Pitchers William R , Mammel Anna , Northrop-Albrecht Emmalee , Márquez Eladio J , Moscarella Rosa A , Houle David , Dworkin Ian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Identifying the genetic architecture of complex traits is important to many geneticists, including those interested in human disease, plant and animal breeding, and evolutionary genetics. Advances in sequencing technology and statistical methods for genome-wide association studies have allowed for the identification of more variants with smaller effect sizes, however, many of these identified polymorphisms fail to be replicated in subsequent studies. In addition to sampling variation, this failure to replicate reflects the complexities introduced by factors including environmental variation, genetic background, and differences in allele frequencies among populations. Using Drosophila melanogaster wing shape, we ask if we can replicate allelic effects of polymorphisms first identified in a genome-wide association studies in three genes: dachsous, extra-macrochaete, and neuralized, using artificial selection in the lab, and bulk segregant mapping in natural populations. We demonstrate that multivariate wing shape changes associated with these genes are aligned with major axes of phenotypic and genetic variation in natural populations. Following seven generations of artificial selection along the dachsous shape change vector, we observe genetic differentiation of variants in dachsous and genomic regions containing other genes in the hippo signaling pathway. This suggests a shared direction of effects within a developmental network. We also performed artificial selection with the extra-macrochaete shape change vector, which is not a part of the hippo signaling network, but showed a largely shared direction of effects. The response to selection along the emc vector was similar to that of dachsous, suggesting that the available genetic diversity of a population, summarized by the genetic (co)variance matrix (G), influenced alleles captured by selection. Despite the success with artificial selection, bulk segregant analysis using natural populations did not detect these same variants, likely due to the contribution of environmental variation and low minor allele frequencies, coupled with small effect sizes of the contributing variants.
Measurable Tilings by Abelian Group Actions
Authors: Grebík Jan , Greenfeld Rachel , Rozhoň Václav , Tao Terence 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Let $X$ be a measure space with a measure-preserving action $(g,x) \mapsto g \cdot x$ of an abelian group $G$. We consider the problem of understanding the structure of measurable tilings $F \odot A = X$ of $X$ by a measurable tile $A \subset X$ translated by a finite set $F \subset G$ of shifts, thus the translates $f \cdot A$, $f \in F$ partition $X$ up to null sets. Adapting arguments from previous literature, we establish a “dilation lemma” that asserts, roughly speaking, that $F \odot A = X$ implies $F^{r} \odot A = X$ for a large family of integer dilations $r$, and use this to establish a structure theorem for such tilings analogous to that established recently by the second and fourth authors. As applications of this theorem, we completely classify those random tilings of finitely generated abelian groups that are “factors of iid”, and show that measurable tilings of a torus ${\mathbb{T}}^{d}$ can always be continuously (in fact linearly) deformed into a tiling with rational shifts, with particularly strong results in the low-dimensional cases $d=1,2$ (in particular resolving a conjecture of Conley, the first author, and Pikhurko in the $d=1$ case).
Special Lagrangian Fibrations, Berkovich Retraction, and Crystallographic Groups
Authors: Goto Keita , Odaka Yuji 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We explicitly construct special Lagrangian fibrations on finite quotients of maximally degenerating abelian varieties and glue these to the Berkovich retraction to form a “hybrid” fibration. We also study their symmetries explicitly that can be regarded as crystallographic groups. In particular, a conjecture of Kontsevich–Soibelman [ 24, Conjecture 3] is solved at an enhanced level for finite quotients of abelian varieties in any dimension.
Promoting equity through inclusive learning, planning and implementing: lessons from Nigeria's mass drug administration programme for neglected tropical diseases
Authors: Piotrowski Helen , Gwani Noela , Yashiyi James , Oluwole Akinola , Ayuba Samson , Surakat Mobolanle , Adekeye Oluwatosin , Lar Luret , Kevin Diltokka Gideon , Lawong Bernsah Damian , Ntuen Uduak , Islamiat Soneye , Kafil-Emiola Maryam , Usman Hauwa , Theobald Sally , Thomson Rachael , Dean Laura , Ozano Kim 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundAn inclusive, localised approach to planning and implementing equitable mass drug administration was developed through participatory action research (PAR). This new approach aligns with principles of learning health systems (LHS). Tools were co-developed to support scaling up the new approach across two Nigerian states. Lessons are distilled here to enable learning for other programmes.MethodsObservations and reports by researchers (2019–2021) from 23 meetings and workshops, 8 in-depth interviews and 8 focus group discussions (FGDs) were used.ResultsNine key steps of best practice were identified to promote inclusive LHS for participatory planning and implementing: utilise participatory research methodologies to facilitate community engagement and tailor interventions; develop tools and governance structures to support learning, teamwork and sustainability; strengthen capacity for participation and collaboration with space for dialogue and shared learning; undertake participatory planning to develop action plans; advocate for implementation; monitor action plans; review and act on successes and challenges; apply community evaluation to understand challenges and enablers and disseminate policy and programme changes.ConclusionsPAR in disease programmes can support health systems to embed cyclical and iterative learning to sustainably address localised equity challenges. However, it takes time, resources and political commitment.
Mixed-methods evaluation of integrating female genital schistosomiasis management within primary healthcare: a pilot intervention in Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: Piotrowski Helen , Oluwole Akinola , Fapohunda Victoria O , Adejobi Josephine B , Nebe Obiageli J , Soneye Islamiat , Kafil-Emiola Maryam , Gideon Ntuen Uduak , Ekpo Uwem F , Ahmed Aminat O , Abdussalam Hameedat Opeyemi , Imhonopi Gloria B , Ojo Omobola Yetunde , Odubena Oluwafayokemi Y , Adebola Ise Oluwa-Adelokiki , Soyinka Festus O , Ogunmola Olusola O , Olalupo Abosede F , Isiyaku Sunday , Thomson Rachael , Ozano Kim 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundDetection and management of female genital schistosomiasis (FGS) within primary healthcare is crucial for achieving schistosomiasis elimination, however, current technical strategies are not feasible in many settings. In Nigeria, there are currently no established standard operating procedures to support front-line health workers. This article presents an evaluation of piloting an FGS care package in two LGAs of Ogun State, Nigeria.MethodsWe used quantitative and qualitative analysis, including 46 interviews with patients, health workers and the quality improvement team; observations of training, learning sessions and supervision across 23 heath facilities; and records of patients detected and managed.ResultsOf 79 women and girls who were screened, 66 were treated and followed up. Health workers assimilated knowledge of FGS and effectively diagnosed and managed patients, demonstrating the feasibility of using symptomatic screening and treatment tools to diagnose and care for women or girls with suspected FGS. Challenges included establishing a referral pathway to tertiary care for patients with complications, insecurity, gender norms that limited uptake and sensitization, the limited capacity of the workforce, conflicting priorities and praziquantel acquisition.ConclusionsSimple tools can be used in primary healthcare settings to detect and manage women and girls with FGS. Contextual challenges must be addressed. Sustainability will require political and financial commitments.
Lessons from participatory community mapping to inform neglected tropical disease programmes in Nigeria
Authors: Lar Luret A , Dean Laura , Adekeye Tosin , Oluwole Akinola S , Lawong Damian , Kevin Gideon , Yashiyi James , Gwani Noela , Usman Hauwa , Danjuma Mohammed , Faneye Adebisi , Kafil-Emiola Maryam Abolajoko , Okoko Ochefu O , Isiyaku Sunday , Thomson Rachael , Ozano Kim 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundParticipatory research methods promote collaborations between researchers and communities to collectively overcome implementation challenges for sustainable social change. Programmes usually take a top-down approach to addressing such challenges. This study developed and piloted contextualised participatory methods to identify community structures that could improve the equity of medicine administration for neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) in northern and southern Nigeria.MethodsParticipants and researchers conducted transect walks and social mapping to understand which community-based structures could be used to maximise accessibility and acceptability of medicines for NTDs.ResultsUsing visual participatory methods with a diverse set of stakeholders facilitated the identification of new structures within the community that could be used to improve the equity of medicine distribution and access. Available materials such as sticks, stones and leaves were appropriately used by respondents in the rural areas, which increased meaningful engagement irrespective of their literacy level. Structures identified included Qur'anic schools, football grounds, mechanics shops, shrines, village head's houses and worship centres. Challenges in using these structures for medicine distribution included resistance from school authorities and restrictions to women's access due to traditions and norms, particularly within palaces and mosques.ConclusionsThis article highlights the importance of meaningful community engagement methods and engaging gatekeepers in visual participatory methods. It emphasizes the importance of including divergent views of various population groups in order to ensure that all communities are reached by NTDs programmes.
Stronger together: evidence for collaborative action on neglected tropical diseases
Authors: Dean Laura , Ozano Kim , Thomson Rachael 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis editorial has been written by programme leads at the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine in the UK to condense the learning shared across articles. Articles within this supplement have been written and led by authors in Nigeria and Liberia, and informed by learnings from across the partnership including from our partners in Ghana and Cameroon and articles previously published. Early career researchers were supported throughout the COUNTDOWN programme to publish evidence and lead the production of impactful papers. Decision makers and local implementers from each context are also authors on the papers within the supplement and were supported to engage with the writing process.
Discovering risk patterns in people with affective disorder–induced disabilities associated with their healthcare delay
Authors: Du Wei , Chung Younjin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
People with affective disorder–induced disabilities (ADIDs) often experience complex needs that delay their healthcare. Discovering hidden patterns in these people for real-world use of health services is essential to improve healthcare delivery.

Methods
A cross-sectional study population (2501 adults with ADIDs) was obtained from the Australian national representative survey of disability in 2015, including 21 demographic, health and social characteristics and healthcare delay information in general practice, specialist and hospital services. The Self-Organising Map Network was used to identify hidden risk patterns associated with healthcare delay and investigate potential predictors of class memberships by means of simple visualisations.

Results
While experiencing disability avoidance showed across different healthcare delays, labour force appeared not to have any influence. Approximately 30% delayed their healthcare to general practice services; these were young, single females in great need of psychosocial support and aids for personal activities. Those who delayed their healthcare commonly presented a lack of social connections and a need for contact with family or friends not living in the same household.

Conclusions
The pattern evidence provides an avenue to further develop integrated care strategies with better targeting of people with ADIDs, considering social participation challenges facing them, to improve health service utilisation.
One Step Forward, One Step Back: The Micro-Level Impacts of Conflict on Women's Security
Authors: Huber Laura 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDespite conflict's violent and deleterious impacts, scholarship increasingly demonstrates that women's political rights at the macro-level increase after conflict. However, relatively less is understood about how conflict impacts women's security at the micro-level, especially regarding how it impacts men's and women's attitudes toward intimate partner violence. While conflict can challenge traditional gender roles that justify wife beating, it also promotes hypermasculinity, normalizes violence, and leads to backlash against women in an attempt to re-establish traditional gender hierarchies. International actors, particularly through aid, moderate the impact of conflict on attitudes toward wife beating by encouraging progressive gender roles and increasing socio-economic development. Using Demographic Health Survey data in Uganda, this analysis compares the influence of conflict and international aid at the microlevel on approval of wife beating. The results demonstrate that women exposed to both conflict and aid are relatively less likely to approve of wife beating relative to women exposed to conflict alone. In contrast, men exposed to violence and aid do not alter their justification of wife beating. This study clarifies how conflict impacts attitudes toward women's rights at the microlevel.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on SLE
Authors: Zhao Xingwang , Wu Haohao , Li Shifei , Gao Cuie , Wang Juan , Ge Lan , Song Zhiqiang , Ni Bing , You Yi 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Little is known about the association between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and autoimmune diseases, especially in the case of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). SLE patients met with many questions during the pandemic in COVID-19, such as how to minimize risk of infection, the complex pathological features and cytokine profiles, diagnosis and treatment, rational choice of drugs and vaccine, good nursing, psychological supervision, and so on. In this study, we review and discuss the multifaceted effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients living with SLE using the available literature. Cross-talk in implicated inflammatory pathways/mechanisms exists between SLE and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, and SARS-CoV-2 displays similar clinical characteristics and immuno-inflammatory responses to SLE. Current epidemiological data inadequately assess the risk and severity of COVID-19 infection in patients with SLE. More evidence has shown that hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine cannot prevent COVID-19. During the pandemic, patients with SLE had a higher rate of hospitalization. Vaccination helps to reduce the risk of infection. Several therapies for patients with SLE infected with COVID-19 are discussed. The cases in the study can provide meaningful information for clinical diagnosis and management. Our main aim is to help preventing infection and highlight treatment options for patients with SLE infected with COVID-19.
Neurosurgical care for patients with high-grade gliomas during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: Analysis of routine billing data of a German nationwide hospital network
Authors: Gerlach Ruediger , Dengler Julius , Bollmann Andreas , Stoffel Michael , Youssef Farid , Carl Barbara , Rosahl Steffen , Ryang Yu-Mi , Terzis Jorge , Kristof Rudolf , Westermaier Thomas , Kuhlen Ralf , Steinbrecher Andreas , Pellissier Vincent , Hohenstein Sven , Heese Oliver 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Little is known about delivery of neurosurgical care, complication rate and outcome of patients with high-grade glioma (HGG) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic.

Methods
This observational, retrospective cohort study analyzed routine administrative data of all patients admitted for neurosurgical treatment of an HGG within the Helios Hospital network in Germany. Data of the Covid-19 pandemic (March 1, 2020—May 31, 2022) were compared to the pre-pandemic period (January 1, 2016—February 29, 2020). Frequency of treatment and outcome (in-hospital mortality, length of hospital stay [LOHS], time in intensive care unit [TICU] and ventilation outside the operating room [OR]) were separately analyzed for patients with microsurgical resection (MR) or stereotactic biopsy (STBx).

Results
A total of 1763 patients underwent MR of an HGG (648 patients during the Covid-19 pandemic; 1115 patients in the pre-pandemic period). 513 patients underwent STBx (182 [pandemic]; 331 patients [pre-pandemic]). No significant differences were found for treatment frequency (MR: 2.95 patients/week [Covid-19 pandemic] vs. 3.04 patients/week [pre-pandemic], IRR 0.98, 95% CI: 0.89–1.07; STBx (1.82 [Covid-19 pandemic] vs. 1.86 [pre-pandemic], IRR 0.96, 95% CI: 0.80–1.16, P &gt; .05). Rates of in-hospital mortality, infection, postoperative hemorrhage, cerebral ischemia and ventilation outside the OR were similar in both periods. Overall LOHS was significantly shorter for patients with MR and STBx during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Conclusions
The Covid-19 pandemic did not affect the frequency of neurosurgical treatment of patients with an HGG based on data of a large nationwide hospital network in Germany. LOHS was significantly shorter but quality of neurosurgical care and outcome was not altered during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Graphene-confined ultrafast radiant heating for high-loading subnanometer metal cluster catalysts
Authors: Han Ye-Chuang , Yi Jun , Pang Beibei , Wang Ning , Li Xu-Cheng , Yao Tao , Novoselov Kostya S , Tian Zhong-Qun 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Thermally activated ultrafast diffusion, collision and combination of metal atoms comprise the fundamental processes of synthesizing burgeoning subnanometer metal clusters for diverse applications. However, so far, no method has allowed the kinetically controllable synthesis of subnanometer metal clusters without compromising metal loading. Herein, we have developed, for the first time, a graphene-confined ultrafast radiant heating (GCURH) method for the synthesis of high-loading metal cluster catalysts in microseconds, where the impermeable and flexible graphene acts as a diffusion-constrained nanoreactor for high-temperature reactions. Originating from graphene-mediated ultrafast and efficient laser-to-thermal conversion, the GCURH method is capable of providing a record-high heating and cooling rate of ∼109°C/s and a peak temperature above 2000°C, and the diffusion of thermally activated atoms is spatially limited within the confinement of the graphene nanoreactor. As a result, due to the kinetics-dominant and diffusion-constrained condition provided by GCURH, subnanometer Co cluster catalysts with high metal loading up to 27.1 wt% have been synthesized by pyrolyzing a Co-based metal-organic framework (MOF) in microseconds, representing one of the highest size-loading combinations and the quickest rate for MOF pyrolysis in the reported literature. The obtained Co cluster catalyst not only exhibits an extraordinary activity similar to that of most modern multicomponent noble metal counterparts in the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction, but is also highly convenient for catalyst recycling and refining due to its single metal component. Such a novel GCURH technique paves the way for the kinetically regulated, limited diffusion distance of thermally activated atoms, which in turn provides enormous opportunities for the development of sophisticated and environmentally sustainable metal cluster catalysts.