bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between postpartum depression and appropriate infant feeding practice in eastern zone of Tigray, Ethiopia: A comparative cross-sectional study
Authors: Weldu Angesom , Belachew Ayele , Yilma Mengistu 
Published: January 2023

Background
Understanding the relationship between postpartum depression and infant feeding practice may help to reduce the indirect impact of postpartum depression on infant feeding practice. This will further have a positive impact on reducing infant morbidity and mortality attributed to improper feeding practices. Although studies in the country have assessed the prevalence of infant feeding practices, those assessing the association between postpartum depression and infant feeding practices are lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to compare appropriate infant feeding practices and their associated factors among postpartum depressed and non-depressed mothers in Eastern Tigray.

Methods
A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2019 to April 2019. A multistage random sampling technique was used to select 171 mothers with postpartum depression and 342 mothers without postpartum depression. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire from the Monitoring and Evaluating for Breastfeeding Practices toolkit, then entered into Epi- info and exported into SPSS for further analysis. A binary logistic regression was applied to determine the association between postpartum depression and appropriate infant feeding practice.

Results
The overall prevalence of appropriate infant feeding practice was 37.6% (95% CI: 33.5%-41.9%). The prevalence was higher among mothers without postpartum depression 42.7% (95% CI: 42.9%-53.2%) than among postpartum depressed mothers 27.5% (95% CI: 24.7%-32.5%). The odds of appropriate infant feeding practice among mothers with infant birth orders of three or above was 58% (AOR = 0.42; 95% CI: 0.26–0.97) less than those mothers with infant birth orders of three and below. Households with monthly income 1000–1999 ETB (AOR = 2.26; 95% CI: 1.01–5.08), 2000–2999 ETB (AOR = 1.96; 95% CI: 1.21–4.73) and 3000–3999 ETB (AOR = 5.13; 95% CI: 1.97–13.4) were more likely to practice appropriate infant feeding.

Conclusion
The overall prevalence of appropriate infant feeding practices in the study area was low. A significantly higher proportion of mothers without postpartum depression practice appropriate infant feeding compared to mothers with postpartum depression. In addition, households with higher monthly incomes and mothers with infant birth orders three or above were significant determinants of appropriate infant feeding practice. Therefore, strengthening the provisions of nutritional education, integrating maternal mental health with routine maternal health care services, providing economic support to mothers with low income, and health education for multiparous women is a critical interventions to improve appropriate infant feeding practice.
Depression, anxiety, and stress among university students in Selangor, Malaysia during COVID-19 pandemics and their associated factors
Authors: Wong Shun Sun , Wong Charng Choon , Ng Kwok Wen , Bostanudin Mohammad F. , Tan Suk Fei 
Published: January 2023

Introduction
This study aims to assess the impacts of COVID-19 pandemics among university students in Malaysia, by identifying the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among them and their respective predictors.

Methodology
An online cross-sectional study was conducted via non-probabilistic convenience sampling. Data were collected on sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, COVID-19 related influences. Mental health status was assessed with depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS-21).

Results
388 students participated this study (72.4% female; 81.7% Bachelor’s student). The prevalence of moderate to severe depression, anxiety and stress among university students are 53.9%, 66.2% and 44.6%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis found that the odds of depression were lower among students who exercise at least 3 times per week (OR: 0.380, 95% CI: 0.203–0.711). The odd ratio of student who had no personal history of depression to had depression, anxiety and stress during this pandemic was also lower in comparison (OR: 0.489, 95% CI: 0.249–0.962; OR: 0.482, 95% CI: 0.241–0.963; OR: 0.252, 95% CI: 0.111–0.576). Surprisingly, students whose are currently pursuing Master study was associated with lower stress levels (OR: 0.188, 95% CI: 0.053–0.663). However, student who had poorer satisfaction of current learning experience were more likely to experience stress (OR: 1.644, 95% CI: 1.010–2.675).

Limitations
It is impossible to establish causal relationships between variables on mental health outcomes, and there is a risk of information bias.

Conclusion
The prevalence of mental health issues among university students is high. These findings present essential pieces of predictive information when promoting related awareness among them.
Assessment of oligoclonal bands in cerebrospinal fluid and serum of dogs with meningoencephalitis of unknown origin
Authors: Prümmer Julia K. , Stein Veronika M. , Marti Eliane , Lutterotti Andreas , Jelcic Ilijas , Schüpbach-Regula Gertraud , Buch Thorsten , Maiolini Arianna 
Published: January 2023

Background
Meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO) is an inflammatory disease of the canine central nervous system (CNS) that shares several features with multiple sclerosis (MS) in humans. In approximately 95% of MS patients, ≥ two immunoglobulin G (IgG) oligoclonal bands (OCBs) are detectable exclusively in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Hypothesis/objectives
To investigate OCBs in CSF and serum in dogs affected by MUO, intervertebral disc disease (IVDD), idiopathic epilepsy (IE), intracranial neoplasia (IN), steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis (SRMA), and diseases outside the CNS. We hypothesize that the highest prevalence of CSF-specific OCBs (≥ two OCBs uniquely in the CSF) would be found in dogs affected by MUO.

Animals
Client-owned dogs (n = 121) presented to the neurology service due to neurological deficits.

Methods
Prospective study. Measurement of IgG concentration in CSF and serum via a canine IgG ELISA kit. OCB detection via isoelectric focusing (IEF) and immunoblot.

Results
Presence of CSF-specific OCBs was significantly higher in dogs with MUO (57%) compared to 22% in IN, 6% in IE, 15% in SRMA, 13% in IVDD, and 0% in the non-CNS group (p < .001). Dogs with MUO were 9.9 times more likely to show CSF-specific OCBs than all other diseases together (95% confidence interval, 3.7–26.4; p < .001).

Conclusions and clinical importance
MUO showed the highest prevalence of CSF-specific OCBs, indicating an inflammatory B cell response. Future studies are needed to evaluate the prevalence in the specific MUO subtypes and a possible similarity with human MS.
The Contribution of Genetic Risk and Lifestyle Factors in the Development of Adult-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Sun Yuhao , Yuan Shuai , Chen Xuejie , Sun Jing , Kalla Rahul , Yu Lili , Wang Lijuan , Zhou Xuan , Kong Xiangxing , Hesketh Therese , Ho Gwo-tzer , Ding Kefeng , Dunlop Malcolm , Larsson Susanna C. , Satsangi Jack , Chen Jie , Wang Xiaoyan , Li Xue , Theodoratou Evropi , Giovannucci Edward L. 
Published: January 2023

INTRODUCTION:
The joint associations across genetic risk, modifiable lifestyle factors, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear.

METHODS:
Genetic susceptibility to Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) was estimated by polygenic risk scores and further categorized into high, intermediate, and low genetic risk categories. Weighted healthy lifestyle scores were constructed based on 5 common lifestyle factors and categorized into favorable (4 or 5 healthy lifestyle factors), intermediate (3 healthy lifestyle factors), and unfavorable (0–2 healthy lifestyle factors) groups. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for their associations.

RESULTS:
During the 12-year follow-up, 707 cases with CD and 1576 cases with UC were diagnosed in the UK Biobank cohort. Genetic risk and unhealthy lifestyle categories were monotonically associated with CD and UC risk with no multiplicative interaction between them. The HR of CD and UC were 2.24 (95% CI 1.75–2.86) and 2.15 (95% CI 1.82–2.53) for those with a high genetic risk, respectively. The HR of CD and UC for individuals with an unfavorable lifestyle were 1.94 (95% CI 1.61–2.33) and 1.98 (95% CI 1.73–2.27), respectively. The HR of individuals with a high genetic risk but a favorable lifestyle (2.33, 95% CI 1.58–3.44 for CD, and 2.05, 95% CI 1.58–2.66 for UC) were reduced nearly by half, compared with those with a high genetic risk but an unfavorable lifestyle (4.40, 95% CI 2.91–6.66 for CD and 4.44, 95% CI 3.34–5.91 for UC).

DISCUSSION:
Genetic and lifestyle factors were independently associated with susceptibility to incident CD and UC. Adherence to a favorable lifestyle was associated with a nearly 50% lower risk of CD and UC among participants at a high genetic risk.
Moderating Effect of Quality Delivery on Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty Relationship of Multiple-Use Hotels
Authors: Olivar Kiven 
Published: January 2023

The main objective of this study was to determine the moderating effect of quality delivery on the relationship between customer satisfaction and loyalty of multiple-use hotels in Davao City, Philippines. Adopted survey questionnaires were given to a sample of 300 customers from various multiple use three star hotels in Davao City. This study employed non-experimental design utilizing descriptive correlation technique. The statistical tools used were mean, Pearson r and hierarchical logistic regression modgraph. Results revealed that the level of customer satisfaction and quality delivery are very high whilst the level of loyalty are found to be high. Further finding revealed that customer satisfaction is related to loyalty. Quality delivery also showed a positive significant relationship to positive significant relationship to loyalty. In determining the moderating effect of quality delivery, results revealed that the quality delivery demonstrated a significant moderating effect on the relationship between customer satisfaction and loyalty of multi-use hotels. The multiple-use hotels who have higher quality delivery to their customers have also higher level of customer satisfaction and loyalty.
Unexplained dyspnea linked to mitochondrial myopathy following military deployment to Southwest Asia and Afghanistan
Authors: Onofrei Claudia Daniela , Gottschall Eva Brigitte , Zell‐Baran Lauren , Rose Cecile Stephanie , Kraus Richard , Pang Kathy , Krefft Silpa Dhoma 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe identified a case of probable mitochondrial myopathy (MM) in a soldier with dyspnea and reduced exercise tolerance through cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) following Southwest Asia (SWA) deployment. Muscle biopsy showed myopathic features. We compared demographic, occupational exposure, and clinical characteristics in symptomatic military deployers with and without probable MM diagnosed by CPET criteria. We evaluated 235 symptomatic military personnel who deployed to SWA and/or Afghanistan between 2010 and 2021. Of these, 168 underwent cycle ergometer maximal CPET with an indwelling arterial line. We defined probable MM based on five CPET criteria: arterial peak exercise lactate >12 mEq/L, anaerobic threshold (AT) ≤50%, maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) <95% predicted, oxygen (O2) pulse percent predicted (pp) at least 10% lower than heart rate pp, and elevated ventilatory equivalent for O2 at end exercise (VE/VO2 ≥ 40). We characterized demographics, smoking status/pack‐years, spirometry, and deployment exposures, and used descriptive statistics to compare findings in those with and without probable MM. We found 9/168 (5.4%) deployers with probable MM. Compared to symptomatic deployers without probable MM, they were younger (p = 0.0025) and had lower mean BMI (p = 0.02). They had a higher mean forced expiratory volume (FEV1)pp (p = 0.02) and mean arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) at maximum exercise (p = 0.0003). We found no significant differences in smoking status, deployment frequency/duration, or inhalational exposures. Our findings suggest that mitochondrial myopathy may be a cause of dyspnea and reduced exercise tolerance in a subset of previously deployed military personnel. CPET with arterial line may assist with MM diagnosis and management.
HAND1 knockdown disrupts trophoblast global gene expression
Authors: Fresch Robert , Courtney Jennifer , Brockway Heather , Wilson Rebecca L. , Jones Helen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCongenital heart disease (CHD) affects nearly 1% of births annually, and CHD pregnancies carry increased risk of developing pathologies of abnormal placentation. We previously reported significant developmental impacts of disrupting Hand1, a gene associated with CHD, expression in placenta trophoblast and endothelial cells in multiple mouse models. In this study, we aimed to build upon this knowledge and characterize the mechanistic impacts of disrupting HAND1 on human placenta trophoblast and vascular endothelial cell gene expression. HAND1 gene expression was silenced in BeWo cells, a choriocarcinoma model of human cytotrophoblasts, (n = 3–9 passages) and isolated human placental microvascular endothelial cells (HPMVEC; n = 3 passages), with HAND1 siRNA for 96 h. Cells were harvested, mRNA isolated and RNA sequencing performed using the Illumina NextSeq 550 platform. Normalization and differential gene expression analyses were conducted using general linear modeling in edgeR packages. Statistical significance was determined using a log2 fold change of >1.0 or < −1.0 and unadjusted p‐value ≤0.05. Panther DB was used for overrepresentation analysis, and String DB for protein association network analysis. There was downregulation of 664 genes, and upregulation of 59 genes in BeWo cells with direct HAND1 knockdown. Overrepresentation analysis identified disruption to pathways including cell differentiation, localization, and cell projection organization. In contrast, only seven genes were changed with direct HAND1 knockdown in HPMVECs. Disruption to HAND1 expression significantly alters gene expression profile in trophoblast but not endothelial cells. This data provides further evidence that future studies on genetic perturbations in CHDs should consider the extra‐embryonic tissue in addition to the fetal heart.
HPLC/MS characterization of Syzygium aromaticum L. and evaluation of its effects on peritoneal adhesion: Investigating the role of inflammatory cytokines, oxidative factors, and fibrosis and angiogenesis biomarkers
Authors: Moradi Elham , Rakhshandeh Hassan , Rahimi Baradaran Vafa , Ghadiri Mobarakeh , Hasanpour Maedeh , Iranshahi Mehrdad , Askari Vahid Reza 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe dried flower bud of Syzygium aromaticum L. (S. aromaticum) (Myrtaceae), cloves, have been used for their analgesic and anti‐inflammatory activities. Peritoneal adhesion (PA) is the most common complication of abdominal and pelvic surgeries, which causes significant adverse effects and severe economic burden. The present study aimed to evaluate the preventive effect of S. extract (SAE) on PA formation in a rat model. Male Wistar 8‐week‐old rats were randomly divided into sham, control (received vehicle), and treatment (0.25%, 0.5%, and 1% w/v of SAE) groups. The adhesion and related factors were examined using the Nair scoring system and immunological and biochemical kits for the levels of inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)‐6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α], growth factors [transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)], oxidative [nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA)], and anti‐oxidative [glutathione (GSH)] factors. Our results figured out that the adhesion score and IL‐6, TNF‐α, TGF‐β1, VEGF, NO, and MDA levels were significantly increased, but the GSH level was decreased in the control group compared to the sham group (p < 0.001–0.05). On the other hand, the 0.25% SAE group had a lower adhesion score, and IL‐6, TNF‐α, TGF‐β1, VEGF, NO, and MDA levels were significantly decreased compared with the vehicle group, and the level of GSH was increased (p < 0.001–0.05). SAE could efficiently reduce adhesion score and regulate inflammatory cytokines, oxidative and anti‐oxidative factors, and biomarkers of fibrosis and angiogenesis. Therefore, clove extract can be considered a potential candidate for PA management.
Diagnostic quality model (DQM): an integrated framework for the assessment of diagnostic quality when using AI/ML
Authors: Lennerz Jochen K. , Salgado Roberto , Kim Grace E. , Sirintrapun Sahussapont Joseph , Thierauf Julia C. , Singh Ankit , Indave Iciar , Bard Adam , Weissinger Stephanie E. , Heher Yael K. , de Baca Monica E. , Cree Ian A. , Bennett Shannon , Carobene Anna , Ozben Tomris , Ritterhouse Lauren L. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Laboratory medicine has reached the era where promises of artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) seem palpable. Currently, the primary responsibility for risk-benefit assessment in clinical practice resides with the medical director. Unfortunately, there is no tool or concept that enables diagnostic quality assessment for the various potential AI/ML applications. Specifically, we noted that an operational definition of laboratory diagnostic quality – for the specific purpose of assessing AI/ML improvements – is currently missing.

Methods
A session at the 3rd Strategic Conference of the European Federation of Laboratory Medicine in 2022 on “AI in the Laboratory of the Future” prompted an expert roundtable discussion. Here we present a conceptual diagnostic quality framework for the specific purpose of assessing AI/ML implementations.

Results
The presented framework is termed diagnostic quality model (DQM) and distinguishes AI/ML improvements at the test, procedure, laboratory, or healthcare ecosystem level. The operational definition illustrates the nested relationship among these levels. The model can help to define relevant objectives for implementation and how levels come together to form coherent diagnostics. The affected levels are referred to as scope and we provide a rubric to quantify AI/ML improvements while complying with existing, mandated regulatory standards. We present 4 relevant clinical scenarios including multi-modal diagnostics and compare the model to existing quality management systems.

Conclusions
A diagnostic quality model is essential to navigate the complexities of clinical AI/ML implementations. The presented diagnostic quality framework can help to specify and communicate the key implications of AI/ML solutions in laboratory diagnostics.
Asymmetric horseshoe-like assembly of peroxisomal yeast oxalyl-CoA synthetase
Authors: Bürgi Jérôme , Lill Pascal , Giannopoulou Evdokia-Anastasia , Jeffries Cy M. , Chojnowski Grzegorz , Raunser Stefan , Gatsogiannis Christos , Wilmanns Matthias 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Oxalyl-CoA synthetase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the most abundant peroxisomal proteins in yeast and hence has become a model to study peroxisomal translocation. It contains a C-terminal Peroxisome Targeting Signal 1, which however is partly dispensable, suggesting additional receptor bindings sites. To unravel any additional features that may contribute to its capacity to be recognized as peroxisomal target, we determined its assembly and overall architecture by an integrated structural biology approach, including X-ray crystallography, single particle cryo-electron microscopy and small angle X-ray scattering. Surprisingly, it assembles into mixture of concentration-dependent dimers, tetramers and hexamers by dimer self-association. Hexameric particles form an unprecedented asymmetric horseshoe-like arrangement, which considerably differs from symmetric hexameric assembly found in many other protein structures. A single mutation within the self-association interface is sufficient to abolish any higher-level oligomerization, resulting in a homogenous dimeric assembly. The small C-terminal domain of yeast Oxalyl-CoA synthetase is connected by a partly flexible hinge with the large N-terminal domain, which provides the sole basis for oligomeric assembly. Our data provide a basis to mechanistically study peroxisomal translocation of this target.
Parametric simulation of stagnation point flow of motile microorganism hybrid nanofluid across a circular cylinder with sinusoidal radius
Authors: Raizah Zehba , Saeed Anwar , Bilal Muhammad , Galal Ahmed M. , Bonyah Ebenezer 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The article explores the three-dimensional stream of silver (Ag), magnesium oxide (MgO), and motile microorganism water-based hybrid nanofluids as independent of time through a circular cylinder with a sinusoidal radius. The goal of this research is to optimize the rate of energy and mass transfer through a circular cylinder having a periodic radius. The phenomena are simulated as a system of partial differential equations containing momentum, temperature, concentration, and the profile of motile microbes, which were then simplified to a dimensionless system of ordinal differential equations using the similarity technique. The problem is solved by using the parametric continuation method, which is a numerical methodology. From the analysis, it has been perceived that both the energy and velocity fields significantly enhance with the rising effect of hybrid nanoparticles (Ag–MgO). The effect of chemical reaction enhances the mass transition rate because chemical reaction parameter influence exercises the molecules inside the fluid. The motile microorganism outline is elevated with the increment of Lewis and Peclet number.
Nanotechnology-based drug delivery for the treatment of CNS disorders
Authors: Mittal Khushi R. , Pharasi Nandini , Sarna Bhavya , Singh Manisha , Rachana  , Haider Shazia , Singh Sachin Kumar , Dua Kamal , Jha Saurabh Kumar , Dey Abhijit , Ojha Shreesh , Mani Shalini , Jha Niraj Kumar 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Approximately 6.8 million people die annually because of problems related to the central nervous system (CNS), and out of them, approximately 1 million people are affected by neurodegenerative diseases that include Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, and Parkinson’s disease. CNS problems are a primary concern because of the complexity of the brain. There are various drugs available to treat CNS disorders and overcome problems with toxicity, specificity, and delivery. Barriers like the blood–brain barrier (BBB) are a challenge, as they do not allow therapeutic drugs to cross and reach their target. Researchers have been searching for ways to allow drugs to pass through the BBB and reach the target sites. These problems highlight the need of nanotechnology to alter or manipulate various processes at the cellular level to achieve the desired attributes. Due to their nanosize, nanoparticles are able to pass through the BBB and are an effective alternative to drug administration and other approaches. Nanotechnology has the potential to improve treatment and diagnostic techniques for CNS disorders and facilitate effective drug transfer. With the aid of nanoengineering, drugs could be modified to perform functions like transference across the BBB, altering signaling pathways, targeting specific cells, effective gene transfer, and promoting regeneration and preservation of nerve cells. The involvement of a nanocarrier framework inside the delivery of several neurotherapeutic agents used in the treatment of neurological diseases is reviewed in this study.