bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ceapin‐A7 potentiates lipopolysaccharide‐induced endothelial injury
Authors: Kubra Khadeja‐Tul , Barabutis Nektarios 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBarrier dysfunction is the hallmark of severe lung injury, including acute respiratory distress syndrome. Efficient medical countermeasures to counteract endothelial hyperpermeability do not exist, hence the mortality rates of disorders related to barrier abnormalities are unacceptable high. The unfolded protein response is a highly conserved mechanism, which aims to support the cells against endoplasmic reticulum stress, and ATF6 is a protein sensor that triggers its activation. In the current study, we investigate the effects of ATF6 suppression in LPS‐induced endothelial inflammation. Our observations suggest that Ceapin‐A7, which is an ATF6 suppressor, potentiates LPS‐induced STAT3 and JAK2 activation. Hence ATF6 activation may serve as a new therapeutic possibility toward diseases related to barrier dysfunction.
Coagulopathy and thromboembolic events a pathogenic mechanism of COVID‐19 associated with mortality: An updated review
Authors: Yousefi Parastoo , Soltani Saber , Siri Goli , Rezayat Sara Akhavan , Gholami Ali , Zafarani Alireza , Razizadeh Mohamad Hossein , Alborzi Ehsan , Mokhtary‐Irani Golnaz , Abedi Behnam , Karampoor Sajad , Tabibzadeh Alireza , Farahani Abbas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDuring 2019, the SARS‐CoV‐2 emerged from China, and during months, COVID‐19 spread in many countries around the world. The expanding data about pathogenesis of this virus could elucidate the exact mechanism by which COVID‐19 caused death in humans. One of the pathogenic mechanisms of this disease is coagulation. Coagulation disorders that affect both venous and arterial systems occur in patients with COVID‐19. The possible mechanism involved in the coagulation could be excessive inflammation induced by SARS‐CoV‐2. However, it is not yet clear well how SARS‐CoV‐2 promotes coagulopathy. However, some factors, such as pulmonary endothelial cell damage and some anticoagulant system disorders, are assumed to have an important role. In this study, we assessed conducted studies about COVID‐19‐induced coagulopathy to obtain clearer vision of the wide range of manifestations and possible pathogenesis mechanisms.
‘Growing your own’ a case study of a collaborative training program in medical radiation science
Authors: Inyang Imo , Barnett Tony , Obamiro Kehinde , Rogers Merran , Kilgour Andrew , Visentin Denis 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionTwo universities run a collaborative Medical Radiation Science program where students undertake study in Tasmania before transferring to a partner university in another state to complete their program. This study assessed rates and predictors of graduate radiographers, radiation therapists and nuclear medicine technologists (collectively classified as medical radiation practitioners according to AHPRA [https://www.medicalradiationpracticeboard.gov.au/About.aspx; ahpra.gov.au/registration/registers] contemporary classification) returning to Tasmania and rural locations to practice.MethodsA cross‐sectional 22‐item online survey including open‐ended questions was administered via Facebook. Rates of graduates working in Tasmania and rural locations, work satisfaction, and program efficacy were assessed. Logistic regression was used to assess predictors of working in Tasmania and rural locations.Results58 Facebook members from a total of 87 program graduates were invited to participate. Of these, 21 responded. Thirteen (62.0%) were currently working in Tasmania, of which the majority practised in regional (MMM2) areas. Most (90.5%) reported that they were happy at work, with all participants reporting the course prepared them well or very well for their first professional jobs. 71.4% stated that the provision of the first 2 years of the course in their home state influenced their decision to study medical radiation science. Being born in a rural region (MMM > 2) was a predictor for working in Tasmania (OR = 3.5) and rural locations (OR = 1.77). Males were twice as likely to work in Tasmania (OR = 2.3) and more rural locations (OR = 2.0).ConclusionsCollaboration is beneficial in producing professionals in regions with smaller enrolments limit the ability to grow their own graduates independently. Interuniversity collaborative models are recommended for other rural regions to meet local health workforce needs.
Analysis of the impact of prototyping‐related parasitic effects in a hybridGaNpower amplifier for5G FR1applications
Authors: Bartolotti Giulia , Zhang Zhifan , Shi Peiyuan , Piacibello Anna , Camarchia Vittorio 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article analyses the impact of parasitic effects encountered in the manufacturing of a Gallium Nitride power amplifier optimized for a specific trade‐off of efficiency and linearity at 5G FR1 frequencies. The analysis focuses on an example based on a packaged transistor and implemented in hybrid technology, adopting a two‐layer printed circuit board for passive distributed elements and surface‐mount lumped components. The design is summarized, and the focus is then posed on the comparison of simulated and measured results, the main causes of inaccuracy in their agreement, and a simple way of reproducing these in simulation. The mechanical stability of the assembly and the sensitivity of the second harmonic control are identified as the main sources of performance degradation. These effects are correctly modeled at the simulation level thanks to the insertion of specific parasitic lumped elements but could not be fully eliminated at the experimental level in this specific prototype. However, post‐tuning performed on the prototype, guided by the proposed analysis, still allows to reach satisfactory performance although somewhat sub‐optimal compared to the one expected from simulations. At 3.5 GHz, the re‐tuned PA demonstrates a measured output power in excess of 37.5 dBm at saturation, with associated gain higher than 14 dB and PAE of 60%. In a 2‐tone test with 20 MHz spacing, the IMD3 remains lower than −30 dBc up to 29 dBm of output power with a corresponding PAE of the order of 32%.
Cold‐stored mulberry leaves affect antioxidant system and silk proteins of silkworm (Bombyx mori) larva
Authors: Peng Miaomiao , Wang Guang , Zhu Shijiang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDCold storage has been widely used to maintain the quality of vegetables, but whether eating cold‐stored vegetables affects health remains unknown.RESULTSThis study used silkworms as an animal model to evaluate the effects of nutrient changes in cold‐stored mulberry leaves (CSML) on health. Compared with fresh mulberry leaves (FML), CSML contained lower vitamin C, soluble sugars and proteins, and higher H2O2, suggesting decreased antioxidant ability and nutrition. The CSML did not obviously affect larval survival rate, body weight or dry matter rate, cocoon shape, weight and size, or final rates of cluster and cocooning relative to the FML, suggesting CSML did not alter overall growth and development. However, the CSML increased the initial rates of cluster and cocooning and upregulated BmRpd3, suggesting CSML shortened larval lifespan and enhanced senescence. CSML upregulated BmNOX4, downregulated BmCAT, BmSOD and BmGSH‐Px and increased H2O2 in silkworms, suggesting CSML caused oxidative stress. CSML upregulated ecdysone biosynthesis and inactivation genes and elevated ecdysone concentration in silkworms, suggesting that CSML affected hormone homeostasis. CSML upregulated apoptosis‐related genes, downregulated sericin and silk fibroin genes and decreased sericin content rate in silkworms, suggesting oxidative stress and protein deficiency.CONCLUSIONCold storage reduced nutrition and antioxidant capability of mulberry leaves. CSML did not influence growth and development of silkworm larva, but affected health by causing oxidative stress and reducing protein synthesis. The findings show that the ingredient changes in CSML had negative effects on health of silkworms. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Short‐term responses of soil organic carbon and chemical composition of particle‐associated organic carbon to anaerobic soil disinfestation in degraded greenhouse soils
Authors: Yanlong Chen , Yuhan Zhang , Risheng Xu , Jianxiao Song , Chen Ailei , Fan Chen , Yanru Liang , Di Guo , Xin Tang , Zemin Qin , Xiaohong Tian , Cui Li , Yuheng Wang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAnaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD) is a short‐term practice to conquer soil degradation, yet its effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) and its composition remain unclear. A field experiment was conducted in degraded greenhouse soils (C3) that were previously used for production of vegetable (VP) and flower (FP), with three treatments (i.e., control, ST [maize straw addition [C4]] and ASD [both ST and water flooding]) for 21 days. Results indicated that the control soil lost 1.3 Mg C ha−1 in VP and 0.94 Mg C ha−1 in FP, while ST increased SOC storage by over 1.0 Mg C ha−1 in both VP and FP. The ASD increased SOC storage by over 2.0 Mg C ha−1 by forming new SOC and decreasing old SOC loss. Additionally, ASD increased OC concentration in particulate size fractions, particularly in particulate organic matter (POM) with lower basal respiration, and higher hydrophobicity as indicated by an increased ratio of C–H/C=O from POM observed by FTIR. The SEM‐EDS found an enhanced C signal in particle size fractions, especially in POM. Overlap of C, O, Si, Ca, and Fe in mineral‐associated organic matter upon ASD indicated the possible crosslinking between intra‐OC and minerals containing O, Si, Ca, and Fe. The ASD also controlled soil salinization and the pathogen Fusarium oxysporum, resulting in increased tomato yields in both VP and FP. Overall, apart from increasing tomato yields, ASD can enhance SOC storage by increasing OC in particle size fractions within a short term.
Schrödinger's fish: Examining the robotic observer effect on pelagic animals
Authors: Benoit‐Bird Kelly J. , Waluk Chad M. , Martin Eric J. , Reisenbichler Kim R. , Sherlock Robert E. , McGill Paul R. , Robison Bruce H. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRobust sampling of animals is necessary for understanding ocean ecology, but evaluating the effectiveness of our samplers is a challenge. Scientific echosounders were added to two robotic platforms carrying video imaging systems: a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) and an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV). The vehicles were used to quantitatively sample midwater life in Monterey Bay along horizontal transects at incremental depths ranging from 25 to 1000 m. The echosounders allowed the bulk behavioral responses of animals to be observed up to 200 m forward of each platform. These responses observed included no response, continual avoidance, avoidance to a fixed range resulting in a patch, and attraction. There were strong and interacting effects of depth and platform type on behavioral responses. Measurements of acoustic backscatter showed that animals responded more strongly to the AUV than the ROV. During AUV surveys, there were effects of day/night and the use of artificial illumination on animal responses. Behavioral responses to our sampling were both species‐ and context‐dependent. These data inspired the expansion of an existing mathematical framework that formalized the processes affecting the sampling of motile ocean organisms. Originally developed for net sampling, we generalized the equations to be platform‐ and sensor‐agnostic and incorporated animal decision‐making processes to allow for behaviors consistent with the full range of responses we observed. These results and the framework can help move toward more effective sampling of motile animals in the ocean.
Free tissue transfer using bidirectional recipient veins in traumatic extremity reconstruction
Authors: Park Hyun Sik , Park Bo Young 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundReverse‐flow flaps rely on retrograde or reverse flow for drainage and have shown success in reconstructive surgery. However, limited studies have been conducted on the use of reverse‐flow recipient veins. Our study proposed bidirectional venous anastomoses within a single recipient vein to optimize venous outflow and evaluated the outcomes of an additional retrograde venous anastomosis group in traumatic extremity reconstruction.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of 188 patients with traumatic extremity free flap using two venous anastomoses, which were divided into the antegrade and bidirectional venous anastomosis groups. We analyzed the basic demographic information, flap type, duration between injury and reconstruction, recipient vessels, postoperative flap outcomes, and complications. Propensity score matching was used for the additional analysis.ResultsOf the 188 patients analyzed, 63 free flaps (126 anastomoses, 33.5%) and 125 free flaps (250 anastomoses, 66.5%) were included in the bidirectional venous anastomosis and antegrade groups, respectively. In the bidirectional vein group, the median time between trauma and reconstruction was 13.0 ± 1.8 days and the mean flap area was 50.29 ± 7.38 cm2. Radial artery superficial palmar branch perforator flap was most frequently performed (60.3%). In the antegrade vein group, the median time until surgery was 23.0 ± 2.1 days and the mean flap area was 85.0 ± 8.5 cm2. Thoracodorsal artery perforator flap surgery was the most frequently performed surgery. The two groups were similar in terms of basic characteristics, but the bidirectional group demonstrated significantly higher success rate (98.4% vs. 89.7%, p = .004) and lower complication rate (6.3% vs. 22.4%, p = .007) than the antegrade group. However, these results were not observed after propensity score matching.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated successful results with the recipient vein using reverse flow. Additional retrograde venous anastomosis is a useful option for augmenting venous drainage for reconstruction of distal extremities in cases where dissection of additional antegrade vein is not feasible.
An unsupervised two‐step training framework for low‐dose computed tomography denoising
Authors: Kim Wonjin , Lee Jaayeon , Choi Jang‐Hwan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough low‐dose computed tomography (CT) imaging has been more widely adopted in clinical practice to reduce radiation exposure to patients, the reconstructed CT images tend to have more noise, which impedes accurate diagnosis. Recently, deep neural networks using convolutional neural networks to reduce noise in the reconstructed low‐dose CT images have shown considerable improvement. However, they need a large number of paired normal‐ and low‐dose CT images to fully train the network via supervised learning methods.PurposeTo propose an unsupervised two‐step training framework for image denoising that uses low‐dose CT images of one dataset and unpaired high‐dose CT images from another dataset.MethodsOur proposed framework trains the denoising network in two steps. In the first training step, we train the network using 3D volumes of CT images and predict the center CT slice from them. This pre‐trained network is used in the second training step to train the denoising network and is combined with the memory‐efficient denoising generative adversarial network (DenoisingGAN), which further enhances both objective and perceptual quality.ResultsThe experimental results on phantom and clinical datasets show superior performance over the existing traditional machine learning and self‐supervised deep learning methods, and the results are comparable to the fully supervised learning methods.ConclusionsWe proposed a new unsupervised learning framework for low‐dose CT denoising, convincingly improving noisy CT images from both objective and perceptual quality perspectives. Because our denoising framework does not require physics‐based noise models or system‐dependent assumptions, our proposed method can be easily reproduced; consequently, it can also be generally applicable to various CT scanners or dose levels.
Efficiency analysis of six‐phase induction motor drive using an optimizedSVMtechnique for medium/high power applications
Authors: Rathore Vishal , Yadav K. B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe proposed work presents the efficiency evaluation of a six‐phase induction motor drive (SPIMD) using an optimized space‐vector modulation (SVM) scheme for medium/high power applications. An optimized SVM is obtained by resolving 5‐level hexagons into outer and inner 2‐level hexagons. In the proposed work, dual three‐phase inverters are used to drive the SPIMD, by dividing six‐phase into two, greatly reducing the calculation time, complexity, and efforts required in building the space vector control algorithm. Moreover, a comparative efficiency analysis of SPIMD using the proposed and conventionally designed SVM technique implemented with closed‐loop control is presented in this paper. Matlab/Simulink platform is used to simulate the proposed system and a prototype is developed as a proof of concept and tested experimentally to verify the analytical developments. Finally, a total harmonic distortion (THD) based comparative analysis of the proposed, conventional, and carrier‐based modulation techniques is also presented.
Effects of the combined use of segmentation or detection models on the deep learning classification performance for cyst‐like lesions of the jaws on panoramic radiographs: Preliminary research
Authors: Ariji Yoshiko , Araki Kazuyuki , Fukuda Motoki , Nozawa Michihito , Kuwada Chiaki , Kise Yoshitaka , Ariji Eiichiro 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimTo evaluate the effects of the combined use of segmentation or detection models on the deep learning (DL) classification performance for cyst‐like lesions of the jaws on panoramic radiographs.MethodsThe panoramic radiographs of 536 patients with cyst‐like lesions of the jaws and 130 patients without cyst‐like lesions were used in this study. The radiographs were arbitrarily assigned to training, validation, and test datasets. The following three DL systems were created: System 1 directly classified cyst‐like lesions of the jaws on panoramic radiographs using a VGG‐16 convolution neural network (CNN), System 2 combined two CNNs to perform a preceding segmentation (U‐Net) and then the classification (VGG‐16), and System 3 combined two CNNs to perform a preceding detection (YOLO) and then the classification (VGG‐16). The classification performance of three systems was evaluated and compared with that of oral and maxillofacial radiologists.ResultsThe classification performance of System 2 was higher than the other DL systems, demonstrating the efficacy of the combined use of DL segmentation and classification models. System 3 followed it. The radiologists showed similar accuracy with System 2 and higher performance than Systems 1 and 3. The three DL systems and the radiologists all showed higher performance for dentigerous and radicular cysts than for ameloblastoma and odontogenic keratocysts, because of bias in the number of cases between categories even if data were collected at two institutions.ConclusionsThe performance of DL classification of cyst‐like lesions of the jaws was improved by the addition of a DL segmentation technique.
Embracing paediatric palliative care in paediatric oncology from diagnosis onwards
Authors: Lacerda Ana , Martínez María Avilés , Dumont Benoît , Leiss Ulrike , Kokkinou Georgia , Scheinemann Katrin , Craig Finella 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPaediatric palliative care aims to support children and young people with life‐limiting or life‐threatening conditions, and their families, from the time of diagnosis. Early integration within oncology has been recognised as having benefits for all involved, whatever the outcome may be. Through improved communication and advance care planning, it enables user‐centred care, where concerns about quality of life, preferences and values are given the same relevance as cutting‐edge therapy. Challenges to the integration of palliative care within paediatric oncology include raising awareness and providing education, whilst searching for the best care model and adapting to an ever‐changing therapeutic scenario.
Preparation and physicochemical properties of coenzyme Q10 loaded niosomal hydrogels based on carbomer and scleroglucan
Authors: Gan Changsheng , Cheng Rong , Xu Kun , Zhang Jingwen , Wang Honglei , Xu Tiantian , Li Huiya , Yang Liu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this study, the blank hydrogels and the niosomal hydrogels loading coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) were prepared by carbomer (CBM) and scleroglucan (SCL), and their physicochemical properties were characterized in terms of rheological and texture measurement, FTIR, SEM, DSC, and DLS. First, the blank hydrogels CBM‐SCL‐Gel were prepared. With the increase of SCL concentration, the viscosity and modulus increased, displaying better shear thinning behavior of pseudoplastic fluid. A dense network structure was formed in CBM‐SCL‐Gel, especially for CBM/SCL at 5/4 and 5/5, due to hydrogen bonding between CBM and SCL. The swelling behaviors of the composite gels conformed to pseudo‐second‐order kinetics, and CBM/SCL at 5/1 exhibited the highest swelling capability. The addition of SCL made the water absorption mechanism tend to a non‐Fickian diffusion mode. Then, the niosomal hydrogel was prepared by the optimized gel formulation with the CoQ10‐loaded niosome. It was found that the gel properties were insignificantly affected by the CoQ10 niosomes. The particle sizes of the niosomes in the gel were a little larger than that in aqueous suspension. After storage for 30 days, the CoQ10 retention rate in the niosomal gel remained at 92% (4°C, N‐Gel), representing high stability of CoQ10.
Transcriptome‐based identification and functional characterization of iridoid synthase involved in monotropein biosynthesis in blueberry
Authors: Lawas Lovely Mae F. , Kamileen Mohamed O. , Buell C. Robin , O'Connor Sarah E. , Leisner Courtney P. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBlueberries (Vaccinium spp.) are well known for their nutritional quality, and recent work has shown that Vaccinium spp. also produce iridoids, which are specialized metabolites with potent health‐promoting benefits. The iridoid glycoside monotropein, which has anti‐inflammatory and antinociceptive activities, has been detected in several wild blueberry species but in only a few cultivated highbush blueberry cultivars. How monotropein is produced in blueberry and the genes involved in its biosynthesis remain to be elucidated. Using a monotropein‐positive (M+) and monotropein‐negative (M−) cultivar of blueberry, we employed transcriptomics and comparative genomics to identify candidate genes in the blueberry iridoid biosynthetic pathway. Orthology analysis was completed using de novo transcript assemblies for both the M+ and M− blueberry cultivars along with the known iridoid‐producing plant species Catharanthus roseus to identify putative genes involved in key steps in the early iridoid biosynthetic pathway. From the identified orthologs, we functionally characterized iridoid synthase (ISY), a key enzyme involved in formation of the iridoid scaffold, from both the M+ and M− cultivars. Detection of nepetalactol suggests that ISY from both the M+ and M− cultivars produce functional enzymes that catalyze the formation of iridoids. Transcript accumulation of the putative ISY gene did not correlate with monotropein production, suggesting other genes in the monotropein biosynthetic pathway may be more directly responsible for differential accumulation of the metabolite in blueberry. Mutual rank analysis revealed that ISY is co‐expressed with UDP‐glucuronosyltransferase, which encodes an enzyme downstream of the ISY step. Results from this study contribute new knowledge in our understanding of iridoid biosynthesis in blueberry and could lead to development of new cultivars with increased human health benefits.