bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive analysis of the role of pyroptosis-related genes in predicting prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Tian Lin , He Jia , Yang Ronghua , Zhou Jie 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Pyroptosis is an inflammatory form of programmed cell death closely related to tumor formation and development. However, the functional role and significance of pyroptosis in HCC remain unclear.
Methods
RNA-sequencing and clinical data for HCC patients were obtained from TCGA and GEO databases. We first explored the 49 pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) expression patterns in HCC. The univariate Cox regression analysis and consensus clustering by PRGs were then performed to divide TCGA-HCC patients into two subtypes, C1 and C2. Based on prognostic PRGs, the LASSO Cox regression method was employed to construct a prognostic model. The predictive value was evaluated by generated nomogram and decision curve analysis (DCA). GSEA and immune infiltration analysis evaluated immune status. Additionally, regulating networks of prognostic PRGs were predicted with Networkanalyst online tools. Finally, the expression of the prognostic genes was validated by qRT-PCR.
Results
HCC patients in subtype C2 exhibited a larger proportion of grade III-IV, higher immune scores, more genetic mutations, and increased expression of immune factors. A prognostic model was developed based on four prognostic PRGs and classified HCC patients into high- and low-risk groups. Patients in the low-risk group showed better prognostic survival. The risk score of this model was an independent prognostic factor and had a good predictive ability. Besides, immune status showed a difference between the two risk groups. We drew the regulating networks between the mRNA of 4 prognostic PRGs and TFs, miRNAs, or chemicals. The qRT-PCR results demonstrated PRGs highly expressed in paracancerous tissues and lowly expressed in carcinoma.
Conclusions
The prognostic model based on four PRGs has significant implications for prognosis assessment and provides a new idea for HCC treatment.
Antinociceptive and Anti-Urolithiatic Effects of Ensete glaucum (Roxb.) Cheesman Seed Aqueous Extract in Mice
Authors: Le Van Minh , Ly Hai Trieu , Le Kim Oanh 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Ensete glaucum seeds, being known as one of traditional medicine, are commonly used in folk medicine to treat urinary stones, edema, and osteoarthritis-related problems. However, no scientific evidence has been reported to support these uses. This study focused on investigating the antinociceptive and antiurolithiatic activities of E. glaucum seed aqueous extract (EGE). The antinociceptive effect of EGE was evaluated in mice using thermal (hot plate test) and chemical (acetic acid and formalin-induced nociception test) pain models at various doses (50, 100, 200, 400 mg/kg; p.o.). The anti-urolithiatic activity of the EGE (200, 400 mg/kg; p.o.) was assessed in the sodium glyoxylate-induced urolithiasis in mice and in vitro nucleation and aggregation assays. The analgesic effect of EGE was detected at several doses via peripheral and central antinociceptive mechanisms in the acetic acid-induced writhing (50-400 mg/kg), hot plate (100-200 mg/kg), and formalin-induced licking (200-400 mg/kg) tests. EGE had potential against urolithiasis through its ability to modify several serum and urine biochemical parameters on glyoxylate-induced nephrolithiasis. The extract at the dose of 400 mg/kg significantly improved the inflammatory cells, kidney tissue structure, and renal calcification. The extract also exhibited significant anti-urolithiatic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities in some in vitro models. These outcomes suggest that E. glaucum aqueous seed extract possesses antinociceptive activity and may aid in the prevention of urinary stones. Further studies are needed to elucidate the effectiveness of E. glaucum seeds in the analgesic activity and management of urolithiasis disease.
Algorithm for the solution of Hammerstein
integral typ e of equation in a Banach Spaces
Authors: Mendy John T , Shukla Rahule , Mendy Furmose , Mendy Gabriel J 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This pap er investigates the convergence of iterative methods for solving functional equations of the form u + KF u = 0 in a normed linear space E. The equations under consideration include nonlinear integral equations of Hammerstein type, where F and K are maps between E and its dual E∗. The article explores diffrent extensions of monotonicity and accretivity concepts for operators in Banach spaces and highlighting their connections with minimax theory. Building upon previous results on iterative approximation schemes, we present new iterative algorithms that yield strong convergence to the unique solution of
the Hammerstein equation.
A simple theory for quantum quenches in the ANNNI model
Authors: Robertson Jacob , Senese Riccardo , Essler Fabian 
Published: July 2023

In a recent numerical study by Haldar et al. [Phys. Rev. X 11, 031062] it was shown that signatures of proximate quantum critical points can be observed at early and intermediate times after certain quantum quenches. Said work focused mainly on the case of the axial next-nearest neighbour Ising (ANNNI) model. Here we construct a simple time-dependent mean-field theory that allows us to obtain a quantitatively accurate description of these quenches at short times, which for reasons we explain remains a fair approximation at late times (with some caveats). Our approach provides a simple framework for understanding the reported numerical results as well as fundamental limitations on detecting quantum critical points through quench dynamics. We moreover explain the origin of the peculiar oscillatory behaviour seen in various observables as arising from the formation of a long-lived bound state.
Genotoxic Impurities in Critical Analysis of Product Development: Recent
Advancements, Patents, and Current Challenges
Authors: Swain Suryakanta , Jena Bikash Ranjan , Rao Areti Anka , Malothu Narender , Kothakota Naga Jogayya , Tripathy Satya Narayan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
The current review intends to regulate and accurately evaluate genotoxic contaminants
in drug substance and drug product method and formulation process development, validation, and
degradation pathways. The Quality by Design (QbD) principles can be applied to the systematic
evaluation and control of impurities enabled by the development of modern analytical techniques,
including the performance of risk assessment, the screening of Critical Process Parameters (CPPs),
and the identification of the most influential variables in the optimization of the evaluation and
control methods. Current difficulties in removing genotoxic contaminants and the procedures for
doing so have been outlined in this review, along with the steps necessary to acquire optimum
techniques and the most acceptable formulations. In addition to this, division, characterization,
assessment, quantification, and formation of genotoxic impurities sources and control strategy
for genotoxic impurities, handling of nitrosamine assay content of drug products in different industrial
methodologies and their chemometric prospects and associated recent patents are also explored.
Co-Crystallization: A Novel Technique to Improvise the Pharmaceutical Characteristics of API’s
Authors: Kumar Aditay , Kumar Mahesh 
Published: July 2023

Background:The poor water solubility of an active pharmaceutical ingredient leads to a lower dissolution profile that in turn results in poor bioavailability of drugs. Various approaches like solid dispersion, nano-technology, complexation, and micronization techniques, etc. are frequently used by pharmaceutical researchers to overcome these issues. In this context, crystal engineering emerges as a viable technique.Objective:This review endeavors to cover the latest developments in the field of solubility enhancement using crystal engineering techniques.Methods:Extensive literature survey was conducted in order to gain information on the past and present developments in the field of crystal engineering.Results:In the co-crystallization process, the API and coformer interact with each other in a fixed stoichiometric ratio. The backbone of co-crystals is structurally repeating units called supramolecular synthons. These synthons provide the flexibility of transfer from one co-crystal system to another, making crystal engineering a viable approach for physicochemical property modification. Further, the availability of a large number of food and drug grade coformers with a diverse functional group and a range of preparation methods provide an excellent opportunity for tuning up desired physicochemical properties of an API.Conclusion:This review focuses on the latest developments in the field of crystal engineering in the context of screening, preparation methods, characterization, and their application in the pharmaceutical field. Also, the concern over scale-up and regulatory guidelines are covered.
Base–modified Tunisian Smectite: Efficient Catalysts for Ultrasound-
Assisted Knoevenagel Condensation under Mild Reaction Conditions
Authors: Chtourou Manef 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
This research work presents the use of base-modified Tunisian Smectite as catalysts for the
condensation of Knoevenagel. The prepared clay-catalysts were characterized via FTIR and XRD
studies. A series of condensation reactions based on ultrasonic irradiation of various types of active
methylene compounds and a variety of aryl aldehydes have shown the high efficacy of prepared catalysts.
The stability and catalytic performance of the clay-catalysts were excellent since they could be
reused four times without considerable loss in catalytic activity
Premature Thelarche: An Updated Review
Authors: Leung Alexander K.C. , Lam Joseph M. , Hon Kam L. 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Premature thelarche is the most common pubertal disorder in girls. The condition should be differentiated from central precocious puberty which may result in early epiphyseal fusion and reduced adult height, necessitating treatment.

Objective:
The purpose of this article is to familiarize physicians with the clinical manifestations of premature thelarche and laboratory tests that may help distinguish premature thelarche from central precocious puberty.

Methods:
A search was conducted in September 2022 in PubMed Clinical Queries using the key term "Premature thelarche". The search strategy included all clinical trials, observational studies, and reviews published within the past 10 years. Only papers published in the English literature were included in this review. The information retrieved from the above search was used to compile the present article.

Results:
Premature thelarche denotes isolated breast development before the age of 8 years in girls who do not manifest other signs of pubertal development. The condition is especially prevalent during the first two years of life. The majority of cases of premature thelarche are idiopathic. The condition may result from an unsuppressed hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in the early years of life, an "overactivation" of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis in early childhood secondary to altered sensitivity to steroids of the hypothalamic receptors controlling sexual maturation, increased circulating free estradiol, increased sensitivity of breast tissue to estrogens, and exposure to exogenous estrogens. The cardinal feature of premature thelarche is breast development which occurs without additional signs of pubertal development in girls under 8 years of age. The enlargement may involve only one breast, both breasts asymmetrically, or both breasts symmetrically. The breast size may fluctuate cyclically. The enlarged breast tissue may be transiently tender. There should be no significant changes in the nipples or areolae and no pubic or axillary hair. The vulva, labia majora, labia minora, and vagina remain prepubertal. Affected girls have a childlike body habitus and do not have mature contours. They are of average height and weight. Growth and osseous maturation, the onset of puberty and menarche, and the pattern of adolescent sexual development remain normal. Most cases of premature thelarche can be diagnosed on clinical grounds. Laboratory tests are seldom indicated. No single test can reliably differentiate premature thelarche from precocious puberty.

Conclusion:
Premature thelarche is benign, and no therapy is necessary apart from parental reassurance. As enlargement of breasts may be the first sign of central precocious puberty, a prolonged follow-up period every 3 to 6 months with close monitoring of other pubertal events and linear growth is indicated in all instances.
Quality of Life and Disability in Chikungunya Arthritis
Authors: Amaral Jose Kennedy , Taylor Peter C. , Weinblatt Michael E. , Bandeira Ícaro , Schoen Robert T. 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Chikungunya virus infection, transmitted by Aedes mosquito vectors, causes outbreaks of chikungunya fever (CHIKF), throughout the tropical and subtropical world. Following acute infection, many CHIKF patients develop a second phase, chronic and disabling ar-thritis.

Objective:
To evaluate the impact of chikungunya arthritis (CHIKA) on quality of life and disability in a cohort of Brazilian CHIKA patients.

Methods:
We conducted a descriptive, non-interventionist, retrospective cross-sectional study ana-lysing data collected from the medical records of chikungunya virus-infected patients treated be-tween June 1, 2022, and June 30, 2022, in the Brazilian rheumatology clinic of one of us (JKA). To assess disability, quality of life, and pain, patients were evaluated using the Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI), 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12), and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain.

Results:
Forty-two women with a mean (± SD) age of 57.83 (± 13.05) years had CHIKF confirmed by chikungunya-specific serology. The mean (± SD) time between the onset of chikungunya sym-ptoms and the first clinic visit was 55.19 (± 25.88) days. At this visit, the mean (± SD) VAS pain score and DAS28-ESR were 77.26 (± 23.71) and 5.8 (± 1.29), respectively. The mean (± SD) HAQ-DI score was 1.52 (± 0.67). The mean (± SD) SF-12 PCS-12 was 29.57 (± 8.62) and SF-12 MCS-12 was 38.42 (± 9.85).

Conclusion:
CHIKA is often highly disabling. As the mosquito vectors that transmit this illness ha-ve spread to every continent except Antarctica, there is a potential for widespread public health im-pact from CHIKA and the need for more effective, early intervention to prevent CHIKA.
Bioactivity and Therapeutic Applications of Punica granatum L. Peel:
Evidence and Prospects
Authors: Noor Uroosa , Soni Shashi , Gupta Ena 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Inclination of the world towards natural and super foods has intended researchers
and nutritionists to develop foods that are highly nutritious, feasible, eco-friendly along
with immuno-boosting potential. Massive amounts of agro-industrial waste are generated across the
world which can be turned-up into a functional ingredient by utilization and transformation of these
wastes into wealth. An Indian balanced diet consists of foods from all food categories, with fruits
and vegetables constituting one-fourth of the diet. Since ancient times, pomegranate (Punica granatum)
and its various parts have been well-known for their therapeutic properties and delicious flavor.
Worldwide approximately million tons of pomegranate peels are produced per annum which
are a considerable source of vitamins, minerals, and numerous bioactive compounds such as phenolics,
flavonoids (anthocyanins, flavonols, flavones) and tannins. Consequently, it has many health
benefits, including antioxidative, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, antimutagenic,
cardio-protective, hepato-protective, nephro-protective properties as well as it is also
helpful in the prevention of many other chronic diseases. Its safety and efficacy for consumption
have been proved by incorporating it in food products and industrial applications. The main aim of
this review is to focus on the vital bioactive compounds present in pomegranate peel and their positive
health benefits on human health.
Discrimination between Benign and Malignant Lung Lesions using Volumetric
Quantitative Dynamic Contrast-enhanced MRI
Authors: Wei Fang , Weidong Fu , Wenming Zhou , Lei He , Xiaosan Cheng , Zhongliang Mao , Qianyun Liu , Huashan Lin 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) is considered a promising method in lung lesion assessment.

Methods:
Sixty-four patients with single pulmonary lesions (SPLs) received DCE-MRI at 3.0 T. Of them, 49 cases were diagnosed with lung cancer, and 15 with benign pulmonary nodules (8 inflammatory nodules, 5 tuberculosis, and 2 abscesses). SPLs were quantitatively analyzed to determine the pulmonary lesions-related perfusion parameters, including reflux constant (Kep), volume transfer constant (Ktrans), the maximum slope of increase (MaxSlope), extravascular extracellular space volume fraction (Ve), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), the initial area in the signal intensity-time curve (IAUGC), and contrast-enhancement ratio (CER). In addition, a Student’s t-test was conducted to calculate statistical significance regarding the quantitatively analyzed perfusion parameters in benign SPLs compared to malignant SPLs. The area under (AUC) the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was studied to investigate the performance of perfusion parameters in diagnosing lung cancer.

Results:
Values of Ktrans, Kep, Ve, MaxSlope, and IAUGC increased within malignant nodules relative to benign nodules (Ktrans: 0.21 ±0.08 vs. 0.73 ±0.40, P = 0.0001; Kep: 1.21 ±0.66 vs. 1.83 ±0.90, P = 0.0163; Ve: 0.24 ±0.08 vs. 0.47 ±0.18, P < 0.0001; MaxSlope: 0.09 ±0.14 vs. 0.28 ±0.29, P = 0.0166; IAUGC: 0.18 ±0.09 vs. 0.55 ±0.34, P = 0.0001). Meanwhile, malignant nodules presented higher ADC than benign nodules (0.0016 ±0.0006 vs. 0.0012 ±0.0003, P = 0.0019). Ktrans and IAUGC showed the best diagnostic performance with AUCs [1.0, 95%CI (0.99–1.0); 0.93, 95%CI(0.85–1.0), respectively].

Conclusion:
Malignant pulmonary lesions had higher values of Ktrans, Ve, Kep, MaxSlope, and IAUGC compared to benign pulmonary lesions. Overall, perfusion parameters of DCE-MRI facilitate discrimination between benign from malignant pulmonary nodules.
Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Curcumin: From Chemistry and Mechanistic
Insight to Nanoformulations
Authors: Aggarwal Diwakar , Chaudhary Mayank , Bajaj Nandini , Sharma Deepika , Upadhyay Sushil Kumar , Garg Vivek Kumar , Abdulabbas Hadi Sajid , Tuli Hardeep Singh , Rani Isha 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Curcumin is a natural compound obtained from Curcuma longa that possesses a vast therapeutic potential for disease treatment. It is a potent anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-aging phytochemical as evident from numerous studies. Curcumin's anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties are thought to be more potent than its other biological actions. Curcumin's anti-inflammatory properties can lead to an improvement in symptoms and make it a viable candidate for the treatment and prevention of pro-inflammatory disorders.

Objective:
The goal of this review is to analyse curcumin's anti-inflammatory properties and mechanisms in the treatment of various disorders. The effect of different curcumin-based nanoformulations on anti-inflammatory potential is also reviewed, as the therapeutic use of curcumin is influenced by its solubility, bioavailability, and pharmacokinetic profile.

Methodology:
The literature searched during the last ten years using keywords such as curcumin, anti-inflammatory mechanisms, cytokines, and nanoformulations from multiple databases, such as PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and others. The quality research and review articles containing the aforementioned keywords were chosen for this review article.

Conclusion:
This review focuses on the anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin against a variety of inflammatory disorders that arise over the course of various illnesses. It also emphasises the importance of developing alternative nanoformulations to address the limitations of curcumin usage. Further, it will aid the scientific community's understanding of curcumin and its anti-inflammatory mechanisms, prompting them to devise innovative treatment options.
Peanut Resveratrol Inhibits COX-2 in Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma In vivo
Model
Authors: Abosharaf Hamed A. , Habib Aliaa A. , Gad Abdul Aziz M. , Mohamed Tarek M. 
Published: July 2023

Background:
The primary goal of researchers interested in the field of oncology continues to
be the development of a new anti-cancer medicine with minimal side effects. Due to their minimal toxicity
and impressive performance, natural source-mediated anti-cancer treatments are attracting a lot of
attention.

Objective:
The purpose of the current work was to extract and purify resveratrol from local Leguminosae,
such as peanut, beans, cowpea, lupine, fava bean, and soybean, and then assess its cyclooxygenase-
2 (COX-2) inhibition. The aim was then to evaluate the anticancer potential of extracted resveratrol
individually or combined with doxorubicin against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) model.

Methods:
Resveratrol was extracted and purified using a silica gel column. The inhibition study of extracted
resveratrol was conducted against COX-2 in vitro. Then, the anti-proliferation impact of resveratrol
alone or combined with doxorubicin was evaluated against the previously established EAC model.
Apoptotic/anti-apoptotic genes and cell cycle arrest were investigated.

Results:
After being extracted from peanuts, resveratrol inhibited COX-2 in vitro competitively with an
inhibition constant (Ki) of 0.545 μM, which is extremely close to the theoretically predicted value (0.48
μM) from molecular docking. Further, resveratrol obviously inhibited COX-2 in vivo. Importantly,
resveratrol was able to cause apoptosis by upregulating Bax and downregulating the anti-apoptotic gene
Bcl-2, either by itself or in combination with doxorubicin. Additionally, resveratrol's ability to stop the
cell cycle is evidence of its COX-2-inhibiting antiproliferative properties.

Conclusion:
Resveratrol exhibits anticancer potential via inhibition of COX-2, and it could be appropriate
for combinational therapy in vivo.