bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the role of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic biomarker in breast cancer patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Takada Koji , Kashiwagi Shinichiro , Iimori Nozomi , Kouhashi Rika , Yabumoto Akimichi , Goto Wataru , Asano Yuka , Tauchi Yukie , Ogisawa Kana , Morisaki Tamami , Shibutani Masatsune , Tanaka Hiroaki , Maeda Kiyoshi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Peripheral blood neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been reported to predict the effects of surgery and chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. However, majority of the studies performed only one-time evaluation before commencement of treatment, while few evaluated the ratio over a period of time. In this study, we calculated NLR before surgery and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with resectable breast cancer who underwent surgery as the initial treatment, and examined its correlation with clinicopathological factors and prognosis.
Methods
A total of 1095 patients with primary resectable breast cancer underwent curative resection as the first line of treatment between December 2007 and October 2018. Of these 1095 patients, 178 were included in this study. Peripheral blood was collected before, and after the surgery. Preoperative NLR was evaluated during the first hospital visit before biopsy. Postoperative NLR was evaluated using peripheral blood collected immediately prior to postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. The cut-off values of NLR were set to 3, which has been reported to be the most commonly used value.
Results
Examination of postoperative NLR and prognosis in 24 breast cancer patients with higher pre-NLR revealed no significant difference (disease-free survival [DFS], p = 0.320; overall survival [OS], p = 0.409, log-rank test). However, when post-NLR and prognosis were examined in 154 breast cancer patients with lower pre-NLR, the lower post-NLR group showed significant prolongation in DFS (p < 0.001, log-rank test). Furthermore, OS tended to be prolonged in the lower post-NLR group (p = 0.056, log-rank test). Multivariate analysis of DFS in 154 breast cancer patients with lower pre-NLR showed that large tumors (hazard ratio [HR]: 4.132, p = 0.009), nuclear grade 3 (HR: 2.746, p = 0.043), and higher post-NLR (HR: 4.639, p = 0.003) were independent factors.
Conclusions
This study suggests that prognosis of breast cancer patients can be predicted by evaluating the NLR over time.
Impact of treated vs. un-treated municipal wastewater irrigations in Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) on soil-plant metal translocation, crop yield and consumer health hazard
Authors: Ramesh Thorun Patel Kolar , Lal Khajanchi , Kaur Ravinder , Gopi Rosin Kunnamuzhath , Kumar Sarvendra , Suman Archna , Rathore Sanjay Singh 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The present study assessed the impacts of municipal wastewater treated through a constructed wetland on the crop yield of eggplant and human health hazards, due to the consumption of the metal and pathogen enriched eggplant fruit. The impacts were compared with groundwater the untreated municipal wastewater irrigations, applied individually and conjunctively. The soil irrigated with untreated wastewater had 1.94, 2.41, 4.68 and 3.29 times higher soil organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and 2.18–4.46 times higher soil micronutrient contents, respectively compared to soil irrigated with treated wastewater. The plant nutrient uptake and crop yields from the untreated wastewater irrigated plots were 22–23 and 10–18% higher than those from the groundwater; treated wastewater and conjunctively irrigated plots. Compared to the untreated wastewater irrigated plots, the plots receiving treated wastewaters (having 14 to 86% lower metal concentrations) or conjunctive water use had 47 to 50% reduced trace metal built-ups and 31–50% and 14–31% reduced consumer health hazards, respectively. Further, the produce generated from treated wastewater had 36% lower total heterotrophic bacteria and 70% lower total coli-form. The produce obtained from the conjunctively irrigated plots also had 24% lower total heterotrophic bacteria and 46% lower total coli-forms but these values were still 20 and 76% higher than those from the treated wastewater irrigated plots thereby confirming safer reuse potential of the treated wastewaters compared to either the conjunctive use or the direct disposal of untreated wastewaters in the vegetable production systems.
Simulated microgravity effects impair macrophage phagocytosis by regulating cytoskeleton-associated proteins
Authors: Yang Hui , Shi Guolin , Wang Sufang , Zhao Wenjuan , Zhang Nu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Many studies have shown that microgravity can cause damage to the immune system of astronauts, posing serious health risks to astronauts in space flight. In particular, macrophages, as an important target for studying the effects of microgravity on immunity, its regulation mechanism by microgravity is still unclear. In this study, Random Positioning Machines (RPM) and Rotary Cell Culture System (RCCS) were employed for understanding the effect of simulated microgravity (SMG) effects on the immune function of macrophages in 48 h. Firstly, under simulated microgravity conditions, the cells atrophied, the pseudopodia on the surface were reduced, and the phagocytosis and proliferation of macrophages were significantly dropped. Secondly, SMG attenuated the immune response of macrophages by reducing the expression of phagocytosis-related receptors on the surface of macrophages, which may be the main reason for the phagocytosis decline. Finally, by transcriptome analysis and molecular biology validation, the results suggest that SMG also leads to a decreased expression of cytoskeleton-related proteins, which may be indicate an alternative mechanism for SMG affecting the immune response of macrophages. Our findings can provide guidance on immune damage caused by microgravity and help protect the health of astronauts.
Primary SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: long-term humoral immune responses and effects on disease activity
Authors: Dam Koos van , Volkers Adriaan , Wieske Luuk , Stalman Eileen , Kummer Laura , kempen Zoe van , Killestein Joep , Tas Sander , Boekel Laura , Wolbink Gertjan , Kooi Anneke van der , Raaphorst Joost , Takkenberg Bart , D'Haens Geert , Spuls Phyllis , Bekkenk Marcel , Musters Annelie , Post Nicoline , Bosma Angela , Hilhorst Marc , Vegting Yosta , Bemelman Frederike , Voskuyl Alexandre , Broens Bo , Sanchez Agner Parra , Els Cecile van , de Wit Jelle , Rutgers Abraham , de Leeuw Karina , Horvath Barbara , Verschuuren Jan , Ruiter Annabel , Ouwerkerk Lotte van , Woude Diane van der , Allaart Renee , Teng Onno , Paassen Pieter van , Busch Matthias , Jallah Papay , Brusse Esther , Doorn Pieter van , Baars Adaja , Hijnen DirkJan , Schreurs Corine , Pol Ludo van der , Goedee Stephan , Steenhuis Maurice , Keijzer Sofie , Keijser Jim , Cristianawati Olvi , Brinke Anja ten , Verstegen Niels , Ham Marieke van , Rispens Theo , Kuijpers Taco , Lowenberg Mark , Eftimov Filip 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) on immunosuppressants (ISPs) may have impaired long-term humoral immune responses and increased disease activity after SARS-CoV-2 infection. We aimed to investigate long-term humoral immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 and increased disease activity after a primary SARS-CoV-2 infection in unvaccinated IMID patients on ISPs.
Methods: IMID patients on active treatment with ISPs and controls (i.e. IMID patients not on ISP and healthy controls) with a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection before first vaccination were included from an ongoing prospective cohort study (T2B! study). Clinical data on infections and increased disease activity were registered using electronic surveys and health records. A serum sample was collected before first vaccination to measure SARS-CoV-2 anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) antibodies.
Results: In total, 193 IMID patients on ISP and 113 controls were included. Serum samples from 185 participants were available, with a median time of 173 days between infection and sample collection. The rate of seropositive IMID patients on ISPs was 78% compared to 100% in controls (p<0.001). Seropositivity rates were lowest in patients on anti-CD20 (40.0%) and anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents (60.5%), as compared to other ISPs (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). Increased disease activity after infection was reported by 68 of 260 patients (26.2%; 95% CI 21.2–31.8%), leading to ISP intensification in 6 out of these 68 patients (8.8%).
Conclusion: IMID patients using ISPs showed reduced long-term humoral immune responses after primary SARS-CoV-2 infection, which was mainly attributed to treatment with anti-CD20 and anti-TNF agents. Increased disease activity after SARS-CoV-2 infection was reported commonly, but was mostly mild.
Trial registration
NL74974.018.20, Trial ID: NL8900. Registered on 9 September 2020.
Rule Rationality Leads to Tangential Bifurcation and Phase Transition in Dynamic Production
Authors: Zhao Guo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The classical theory of production is based on the unrealistic assumption of perfect rationality, under which firms maximize profits in all situations. In contrast, under conditions of risk and bounded rationality, firms may make decisions based on behavioral rule of thumb. However, we have little insight into how a firm’s decision resulting from rule rationality affects the process of economic growth and industrial upgrading. Here we extend profit maximization by integrating production theory with rule rationality, proposing a behavioral model of dynamic production under the joint constraints of technology, budget and no arbitrage. Theoretical analysis shows that rule rationality may lead to a tangential bifurcation from the profit maximization point, across which the economy may bifurcate into a stable capital-intensive equilibrium and an unstable labor-intensive equilibrium. Further, numerical simulation shows that rule rationality may result in a phase transition from labor-intensive equilibrium into capital-intensive equilibrium as the capital/labor ratio reaches certain threshold level. These findings are consistent with the empirical pattern of club convergence and industrial mutation.
Diet-habitat ecology of invasive tilapia and native fish in a tropical river catchment following a tilapia invasion
Authors: O'Mara Kaitlyn , Venarsky Michael , Marshall Jonathan , Stewart-Koster Ben 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Many species of tilapia (a collection of fish species from the cichlidae family) have biological traits that make them successful invaders. While widespread herbivory has been observed in many tilapia species, knowledge on habitat preferences and tilapia interactions with native fish food webs is limited. This study used stomach contents and stable isotope analysis of spotted tilapia (Pelmatolapia mariae) and Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus), and stable isotopes of common native fish species to explore relationships between habitat and diet for fish food webs in the Mitchell River, northern Australia, three years after tilapia were detected in the catchment. While plant material was the most abundant item in tilapia stomachs, some also contained other items in small quantities, such as fish eggs, small shrimp, and bivalves. Macrohabitat type (in-channel (no tilapia), off-channel (no tilapia), weir (tilapia present)) was related to native fish food web structure, with weir food webs showing similarities to off-channel food webs. In-channel food webs were more constrained than weir or off-channel food webs, reflecting a more limited range of available food sources. Off-channel habitats including creeks and wetlands were most similar to weir habitats and may therefore be most at risk of colonization as tilapia spread throughout the catchment. This study clearly demonstrated that the successful rapid invasion of these two tilapia species is linked to suitable habitat with abundant food that fuels growth and reproduction. These findings increase understanding of diet related habitat use during new tilapia invasions and trophic interactions with native species.
Comparative study of molecular and non-molecular tools for peste des petits ruminants virus detection in West African Dwarf goats
Authors: Muritala Ismaila , Bemji Martha N. , Ozoje Michael O. , Ajayi Olusola L. , Oluwayinka Eniope B. , Sonibare Adekayode O. , James Ikechukwu J. , Ibeagha-Awemu Eveline M. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) causes severe economic losses to many countries of the world where the disease is endemic. It has been targeted for global eradication by 2030 following the successful eradication of rinderpest in 2011. The proposed eradication program would benefit from efficient and relatively reliable diagnostic tools for early PPR virus (PPRV) detection. A total of 33 eight to 12 months old West African Dwarf (WAD) goats were used. Nineteen goats infected by comingling with two PPR virus positive animals formed the infected group (PPRV-infected goats) while 14 non-infected goats formed the control group (CTG). The suitability of a molecular method (Hydroxyl naphthol blue (HNB) staining of reverse transcription loop mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP)) and a non-molecular tool (haemagluttination assay (HA)) were compared for their sensitivity to detect the PPRV in PPRV-infected goats and non-infected CTG. PPR disease severity in WAD goats at different days post infection (dpi) was evaluated by clinical scoring and haemagluttination titre (HAT). HNB staining RT-LAMP reaction and HA showed sensitivities of 100% and 73.68%, respectively, for PPRV detection. Expression of PPR clinical signs began from 3 dpi, attained peak at 5 dpi, thereafter showed irregular patterns till 24 dpi. Evaluation of HAT in PPRV-infected goats at 12 dpi ranged from 2 to 64 haemagluttination units (HAU), while CTG goats had 0 HAU. In conclusion, HNB staining RT-LAMP assay demonstrated reasonable potential for accurate diagnoses of PPRV and as an important diagnostic tool in areas with poor electricity supply and less sophisticated laboratory equipment.
Efficacy of erector spinae plane block versus thoracic paravertebral block for postoperative analgesia in modified radical mastectomy: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Santonastaso Domenico Pietro , Chiara Annabella , Righetti Roberto , Marandola Diego , Sica Andrea , Bagaphou Claude T. , Rosato Chiara , Tognù Andrea , Curcio Annalisa , Lucchi Leonardo , Russo Emanuele , Agnoletti Vanni 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Postoperative analgesia in breast surgery is difficult due to the extensive nature of the surgery and the complex innervation of the breast; general anesthesia can be associated with regional anesthesia techniques to control intra- and post-postoperative pain.
This randomized controlled study aimed to compare the efficacy of the erector spinae plane block and the thoracic paravertebral block in radical mastectomy procedures with or without axillary emptying.
Methods
This prospective, randomized controlled trial included 82 adult females who were randomly divided into two groups using a computer-generated random number. Both groups received general anesthesia, Groups P and E (41 patients each) associated with a single-shot thoracic paravertebral block and a single-shot erector spinae plane block, respectively.
Postoperative pain intensity (expressed as Numeric Rating Scale), patients who needed rescue analgesic, intra- and post-operative opioid consumption, post-operative nausea and vomiting, length of stay, adverse events, chronic pain at 6 months, andthe patient’s satisfaction were recorded.
Results
At 2 h (p<0.001) and 6 h (p=0.012) the Numeric Rating Scale was significantly lower in Group P.
The Numeric Rating Scale at 12, 24, and 36 postoperative hours did not show significant differences.
There were no significant differences also in the number of patients requiring rescue doses of NSAIDs, in intra- and post-operative opioid consumption, in post-operative nausea and vomiting episodes and in the length of stay.
No failures or complications occurred in the execution of techniques and none of the patients reported any chronic pain at six months from the surgery.
Conclusions: Both thoracic paravertebral block and erector spinae plane block can be effectively used in controlling post-mastectomy pain and reduce intra- and post-operative opioid consumption.
Trial registration
The study was prospectively registered on Clinicaltrials.com (trial identifier NCT04457115) (first registration 27/04/2020).
Protein-coding and rRNA variants drive a mitochondrial DNA genotype that associates to low birth weight and is more common in individuals born after assisted reproductive technologies
Authors: Mertens Joke , Belva Florence , Montfoort Aafke van , Zambelli Filippo , Seneca Sara , de Deckersberg Edouard Couvreu , Bonduelle Maryse , Tournaye Herman , Stouffs Katrien , Barbé Kurt , Smeets Hubert , de Velde Hilde Van , Sermon Karen , Blockeel Christophe , Spits Claudia 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Children born using assisted reproductive technologies (ART) have an increased risk of a lower birth weight, the cause of which remains unclear. As a causative factor, we hypothesized that variants in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) that are not associated with disease, may explain changes in birth weight.
We deep-sequenced the mtDNA of 451 ART and spontaneously conceived (SC) individuals, 157 mother-child pairs and 113 individual oocytes from either natural menstrual cycles or cycles with ovarian stimulation (OS). The mtDNA genotypes were compared across groups and logistic regression and discriminant analysis were used to study the impact of the different factors on birth weight percentile.
ART individuals more frequently carried variants with higher heteroplasmic loads in protein and rRNA-coding regions. These differences in the mitochondrial genome were also predictive of the risk of a lower birth weight percentile, irrespective of the mode of conception but with a sex-dependent culture medium effect. The higher incidence of these variants in ART individuals results both from maternal transmission and de novomutagenesis, which we found not to be caused by OS but to be associated to maternal ageing.
MtDNA variants in protein and rRNA coding regions are associated with a lower birth weight and are more frequently observed in ART children. We propose that these non-disease associated variants can result in a suboptimal mitochondrial function that impacts birth weight. Future research will establish the long-term health consequences of these changes and how these findings will impact the clinical practice and patient counselling in the future.
Reasonable mowing and nitrogen fertilization promote chromium remediation by the hyperaccumulator Leersia hexandra Swartz
Authors: Ma Sairu , Jiang Xusheng , Liu Jie , Ding Zhifan , Dai Demin , Chen Shiqi , Zhao Jingshu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Leersia hexandra Swartz, is a chromium (Cr) hyperaccumulator, but the potential for continuous remediation or reasonable mowing and nitrogen fertilization pattern has not been fully characterized. This study aimed to investigate the Cr remediation by L. hexandra under reasonable mowing and nitrogen fertilization patterns using hydroponic experiments. The mowing heights (no mowing, CK; the shoots were reserved for 0, 5 and 10 cm), mowing time (CK; the shoots were mowing after 30, 60, 90 and 120 days), mowing frequencies (CK; the shoots were mowing for 1, 2 and 3 times) and concentrations (42, 84 and 168 mg/L) of nitrogen fertilization (calcium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, and urea) have effects on biomass, Cr concentration and accumulation in shoots of L. hexandra. The results show that the highest biomass (67.0 g) and Cr accumulation (5.33 mg/pot) of L. hexandra found at mowing pattern (10 cm, 90 days, three times), which were increased by 91.4%, and 36.0% compared to CK, respectively. The addition of 84 mg/L ammonium sulfate significantly increased (p < 0.05) the biomass and Cr accumulation of L. hexandra. In addition, the contents of hormones GA3, 6-BA, 6-KT, TZR and JA in leaves were significantly increased under reasonable mowing and nitrogen fertilization treatments, while IPA and JA in stems. In conclusion, the study results have shown that reasonable mowing and nitrogen fertilization are effective options for improving the continuous phytoremediation of Cr-contaminated.
Non-vernalization requirement for flowering in Brassica rapa conferred by a dominant allele of FLOWERING LOCUS T
Authors: Nishikawa Minami , Tamiru Muluneh , Hara Makishi , Segawa Tenta , Saiga Sorachi , Makita Natsu , Itoh Noriaki , Imamura Tomohiro , Sekine Masami , Takagi Hiroki 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Controlling the timing of flowering is key to improving yield and quality of several agricultural crops including the Brassicas. Many Brassicaceae plants possess a conserved flowering mechanism in which FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) represses the transcription of flowering activators, such as FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), during vernalization. Here, we employed genetic analysis based on next-generation sequencing to identify a dominate FT allele, BrFT2-C, for flowering in the absence of vernalization in the Brassica rapa cultivar ‘CHOY SUM EX CHINA 3’. BrFT2-C harbors two large insertions upstream of its coding region and is constitutively expressed without vernalization, despite FLCexpression. We show that BrFT2-C offers an opportunity to introduce flowering without vernalization requirement into winter-type brassica crops, including B. napus, which have many functional FLC paralogs. Furthermore, we demonstrated the feasibility of using B. rapa harboring BrFT2-C as rootstock for grafting to induce flowering in radish (Raphanus sativus), which requires vernalization for flowering. We believe that the ability of BrFT2-C to overcome repression by FLCcan have significant applications in brassica crops breeding to increase yields by accelerating or delaying flowering.
Comparative analysis of CYP2C8-medidated drug-drug interactions produced by CYP2C8 inhibitors, gemfibrozil versus clopidogrel, focusing on the inhibition of drug distribution in UDP-glucuronosyltransferase prior to oxidation
Authors: Iga Katsumi , Kiriyama Akiko 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
It is challenging to predict CYP2C8-mediated drug-drug interactions (DDIs) produced by clopidogrel (Clop) and gemfibrozil (Gem) by maintaining the victim’s fractional CYP2C8-mediated clearance (fm,CYP2C8) constant. The goal is to develop a comprehensive methodology for this.
Method
A model where UDP glucuronosyl transferase (UGT) and CYP work in pairs was devised, under the assumption that CYP2C8 substrates bind UGT before oxidation, and that Gem inhibits UGT and CYP2C8 while Clop inhibits CYP2C8 alone. Overall enzymatic inhibitory activity resulting from DDI was expressed as a function of fm,CYP2C8, fm,UGT (fractional UGT-mediated clearance), and perpetrator specific inhibitory activities against CYP2C8 and UGT (pAi,CYP2C8 and pAi,UGT(d)). Reported DDIs where Clop, Gem, or Gem + itraconazole have victimized montelukast, desloratadine, pioglitazone, repaglinide (OATP1B1 substrate) or cerivastatin (OATP1B1 substrate) were chosen for the analysis. Additionally, a method to simulate the victim’s plasma metabolite levels in response to the changes in the plasma unchanged drug levels was devised based on the previous method.
Results
The changes in the plasma levels of unchanged drug and metabolite produced by the DDIs were simulated successfully. The results confirmed the DDIs were not affected by the hepatic uptake transporter (OATP1B1). The pAi,CYP2C8 values for Clop and Gem were estimated to be 7 (85% inhibition) and 15 (93% inhibition). The pAi,UGT(d) values for Clop and Gem were estimated to be 1 (non-inhibition) and 2 (50% inhibition).
Conclusions
To predict CYP2C8 mediated DDIs, information on the victim’s fm,CYP2C8 and fm,UGT as well as the perpetrator’s pAi,CYP2C8 and pAi,UGT(d) are the most important.