bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tuning the Optoelectronic Property of All‐Inorganic Lead‐Free Perovskite via Finely Microstructural Modulation for Photovoltaics
Authors: Shi Ming , Fu Ping , Tian Wenming , Chi Haibo , Li Can , Li Rengui 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBismuth‐based halide perovskite materials have attracted extensive attention for optoelectronic applications due to nontoxicity and ambient stability. However, limited by low‐dimensional structure and isolate octahedron arrangement, the undesirable photophysical properties of bismuth‐based perovskites are still not well modulated. Here, the rational design and synthesis of Cs3SbBiI9 with improved optoelectronic performance via premeditatedly incorporating antimony atoms with a similar electronic structure to bismuth into the host lattice of Cs3Bi2I9 is reported. Compared with Cs3Bi2I9, the absorption spectrum of Cs3SbBiI9 is broadened from ≈640 to ≈700 nm, the photoluminescence intensity enhances by two orders of magnitude indicating the extremely suppressed carrier nonradiative recombination, and the charge carrier lifetime is further increased from 1.3 to 207.6 ns. Taking representative applications in perovskite solar cells, the Cs3SbBiI9 exhibits a higher photovoltaic performance benefiting from the improved intrinsic optoelectronic properties. Further structure analysis reveals that the introduced Sb atoms regulate the interlayer spacing between dimers in c‐axis direction and the micro‐octahedral configuration, which correlate well with the improvement of optoelectronic properties of Cs3SbBiI9. It is anticipated that this work will benefit the design and fabrication of lead‐free perovskite semiconductors for optoelectronic applications.
Isolation of PD‐L1 Extracellular Vesicle Subpopulations Using DNA Computation Mediated Microfluidic Tandem Separation
Authors: Lu Yinzhu , Lin Bingqian , Liu Weizhi , Zhang Jialu , Zhu Lin , Yang Chaoyong , Song Yanling 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAccurate isolation of targeted extracellular vesicle (EV) is challenging due to the antigenic heterogeneity of EV subpopulations which are from different cell origins. Most EV subpopulations lack a single marker whose expression cleanly distinguishes them from mixed populations of closely related EVs. Here, a modular platform capable of taking multiple binding events as input, performing logic computations, and producing two independent outputs for tandem microchips for EV subpopulation isolation, is developed. Taking advantages of the excellent selectivity of dual‐aptamer recognition and the sensitivity of tandem microchips, this method achieves, for the first time, sequential isolation of tumor PD‐L1 EVs and non‐tumor PD‐L1 EVs. As a result, the developed platform can not only effectively distinguish cancer patients from healthy donors but also provides new clues for assessing immune heterogeneity. Moreover, the captured EVs can be released through a DNA hydrolysis reaction with high efficiency, which is compatible with downstream mass spectrometry for EV proteome profiling. Overall, this strategy is expected to isolate different EV subpopulations, translate EVs into reliable clinical biomarkers, and accurately investigate the biological functions of different EV subsets.
Constructing EYM amplitudes by inverse soft limit
Authors: Ma Shiquan , Dong Rongyu , Du Yi-Jian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
It is well known that gravity amplitudes in four dimensions can be reconstructed by the inverse soft limit (ISL) method. According to ISL, a tree level n-graviton maximally-helicity-violating (MHV) amplitude is expressed in terms of deformed (n − 1)-graviton amplitudes accompanied by soft graviton factors. On another hand, single- and double-trace tree-level Einstein-Yang-Mills (EYM) MHV amplitudes have been proven to satisfy spanning forest formulas, where each edge in a forest has the same form with a term in soft graviton factor. It is not transparent that the formulas satisfied by EYM amplitudes can be constructed with ISL. In this paper, we construct the single- and double-trace MHV amplitudes in EYM, by the ISL and show that the known formulas can be precisely reproduced. Interesting identities which are based on Schouten identity and characterized by graphs are also introduced.
Application of untargeted volatile profiling in inflammatory bowel disease research
Authors: Arroyo-Manzanares Natalia , García-Nicolás María , Abellán-Alfocea Fuensanta , Prieto-Baeza Laura , Campillo Natalia , del Val Oliver Blanca , Zarauz-García José , Sáenz Luis , Viñas Pilar 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) diagnosis depends on criteria based on histological, endoscopic, radiological, and clinical results. These studies show drawbacks as being expensive, invasive, and time-consuming. In this work, an untargeted metabolomic strategy based on the monitoring of volatile compounds in serum by headspace gas chromatography–mass spectrometry is proposed as a complementary, fast, and efficient test for IBD patient diagnosis. To develop the method and build a chemometric model that allows the IBD diagnosis, serum samples including IBD patients and healthy volunteers were collected. Analyses were performed by incubating 400 µL of serum for 10 min at 90 °C. For data processing, an untargeted metabolomic strategy was used. A total of 96 features were detected, of which a total of 10 volatile compounds could be identified and confirmed by means of the analysis of real standards. The chemometric treatment consisted of a discriminant analysis of orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS-DA) obtaining a 100% of classification rate, since all the analyzed samples were correctly classified.
Graphical abstract
Hybrid CPU/GPU/APU accelerated query, insert, update and erase operations in hash tables with string keys
Authors: Groth Tobias , Groppe Sven , Pionteck Thilo , Valdiek Franz , Koppehel Martin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractModern computer systems can use different types of hardware acceleration to achieve massive performance improvements. Some accelerators like FPGA and dedicated GPU (dGPU) need optimized data structures for the best performance and often use dedicated memory. In contrast, APUs, which are a combination of a CPU and an integrated GPU (iGPU), support shared memory and allow the iGPU to work together with the CPU on pointer-based data structures. First, we develop an approach for dGPU to accelerate queries in libcuckoo and robin-map and when looking at accelerating insert, updates and erase operations in the original libcuckoo using OneAPI on an APU. We evaluate the dGPU against the CPU variants and our dGPU approach adapted for the CPU and also in a hybrid context by using longer keys on the CPU and shorter keys on the dGPU. In comparison with the original libcuckoo algorithm, our dGPU approach achieves a speed-up of 2.1, and in comparison with the robin-map a speed-up of 1.5. For hybrid workloads, our approach is efficient if long keys are processed on the CPU and short keys are processed on the dGPU. By processing a mixture of 20% long keys on the CPU and 80% short keys on dGPU, our hybrid approach has a 40% higher throughput than the CPU only approach. In addition, we develop a hybrid APU approach for insert, update and erase operations in the original libcuckoo structure focusing on shared memory with iGPU accelerated look-ups of the positions for insert, update and erase operations.
Tuning of Multi-stability Profile and Transition Sequence of Stacked Miura-Origami Metamaterials
Authors: Wu Haiping , Fang Hongbin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMulti-stable origami structures and metamaterials possess unique advantages and could exhibit multiple stable three-dimensional configurations, which have attracted widespread research interest and held promise for applications in many fields. Although a great deal of attention has been paid to the design and application of multi-stable origami structures, less knowledge is available about the transition sequence among different stable configurations, especially in terms of the fundamental mechanism and the tuning method. To fill this gap, with the multi-stable dual-cell stacked Miura-ori chain as a platform, this paper explores the rules that govern the configuration transition and proposes effective methods for tuning the transition sequence. Specifically, by correlating the energy evolution, the transition paths, and the associated force–displacement profiles, we find that the critical extension/compression forces of the component cells play a critical role in governing the transition sequence. Accordingly, we summarize the rules for predicting the transition sequence: the component cell that first reaches the critical force during quasi-static extension or compression will be the first to undergo a configuration switch. Based on these findings, two methods, i.e., a design method based on crease-stiffness assignment and an online method based on internal pressure regulation, are proposed to tune the stability profile and the transition sequence of the multi-stable origami structure. The crease-stiffness design approach, although effective, cannot be employed for online tuning once the prototype has been fabricated. The pressure-based approach, on the other hand, has been shown experimentally to be effective in adjusting the constitutive force–displacement profiles of the component cells and, in turn, tuning the transition sequence according to the summarized rules. The results of this study will advance the state of the art of origami mechanics and promote the engineering applications of multi-stable origami metamaterials.
Fertilization Enhances Grain Inorganic Arsenic Assimilation in Rice
Authors: Begum Monira , Li Litian , Young Ellen , Carey Manus , Li Gang , Zhu Yong-Guan , Banwart Stephen , Meharg Andrew A. , Meharg Caroline 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTo investigate how soil fertilization/amendments alters arsenic speciation grain off-take in paddy rice, rice was grown to maturity in growth chambers fertilized with standard mineral fertilizer, wood ash (rich in silica), pig slurry (rich in organic matter), and non-amended control. The soil was sourced from a Chinese paddy field. The primary fertilized elements (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) were kept constant across treatments. Porewater chemistry and soil microbiology were monitored throughout the experiments. Total grain arsenic, sum of inorganic arsenic and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), was significantly different between treatments (P = 0.024), with inorganic arsenic varying from 0.025 to 0.08 mg/kg and DMA from 0.08 to 0.16 mg/kg for control compared to fertilized, respectively. Fertilizer source made no difference to arsenic speciation concentration in grain. Porewater analysis found that as anaerobism set in, inorganic arsenic, phosphorus and manganese greatly lowered in concentration. Methylated arsenic species concentrations increased over time, concurrent with an increase in pH, decrease in Eh, and increase in total organic carbon and iron, with no strong treatment effects, except for pig slurry that enhanced pH and decreased Eh. Methanogenic archaea, sulfate-reducing bacteria and Acidobacteria increased with time and some Actinobacteria and Firmicutes increased due to slurry, but then decreased with time (P < 0.01). Methanogenic archaea and sulphate-reducing bacteria correlated positively with porewater DMA and negatively with porewater inorganic arsenic (P < 0.05). Genera within the Actinobacteria and Burkholderiaceae correlated negatively with DMA, while genera with iron-reducing capacity (Clostridiales) correlated positively with porewater inorganic arsenic and DMA (P < 0.05).
Flood hazard assessment in a polje: the case of Mucille (Classical Karst Region, NE Italy)
Authors: Luca Zini , Chiara Calligaris , Emanuele Forte , Philippe Turpaud 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Mucille karst depression is one of the few examples of polje on the Italian side of the Classical Karst Region, a shared area between Italy and Slovenia. The polje is subject to frequent flooding, becoming more problematic since 2000, as swallow holes more frequently have affected housing and recreational areas, leading the population to believe that their ability in draining the area had stopped functioning. Climate changes play an important role as there has been an intensification in extreme events (30-day cumulative precipitation of more than 350 mm) within the considered time-period 1919–2020. The necessity to provide answers to the inhabitants required in-depth studies such as hydrogeological investigations, discharge measurements and Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) acquisitions. Over the 3 years of monitoring (2017–2020), two flood events reached the Selz settlement. In total, four events have been analysed to build a hydrogeological model of the area in order to properly estimate its recharge and regression curve, and to define the functionalities of the swallow holes. The defined model allowed a better knowledge and a greater awareness in proposing the proper mitigation measures able to increase the drainage capacity of the area avoiding always more frequent future floodings.
ATAD2 promotes glycolysis and tumor progression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma by regulating the transcriptional activity of c-Myc
Authors: Wu Zonglong , Ge Liyuan , Song Yimeng , Deng Shaohui , Duan Peichen , Du Tan , Wu Yaqian , Zhang Zhanyi , Hou Xiaofei , Ma Lulin , Zhang Shudong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractClear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a common malignant tumor of the urogenital tract. Given that ccRCC is often resistant to radiotherapy and traditional chemotherapy, the clinical treatment of patients with ccRCC remains a challenge. The present study found that ATAD2 was significantly upregulated in ccRCC tissues. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that the inhibition of ATAD2 expression mitigated the aggressive phenotype of ccRCC. ATAD2 was also associated with glycolysis in ccRCC. Interestingly, we found that ATAD2 could physically interact with c-Myc and promote the expression of its downstream target gene, thereby enhancing the Warburg effect of ccRCC. Overall, our study emphasizes the role of ATAD2 in ccRCC. The targeted expression or functional regulation of ATAD2 could be a promising method to reduce the proliferation and progression of ccRCC.
Establishment of a collaborative research ethics training program to prepare the next generation of ethics researchers in Mali
Authors: Doumbia Seydou , Rosen Heather E , Paichadze Nino , Dolo Housseini , Dabitao Djeneba , Sanogo Zana Lamissa , Traore Karim , Diarra Bassirou , Sarro Yeya dit Sadio , Keita Awa , Samake Seydou , Tangara Cheick Oumar , Sangho Hamadoun , Diop Samba Ibrahim , Diakite Mahamadou , Hyder Adnan A , Ndebele Paul 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground: Despite an increase in health research conducted in Africa, there are still inadequate human resources with research ethics training and lack of local long-term training opportunities in research ethics. A research ethics training program named United States-Mali Research Ethics Training Program (US-Mali RETP) was established through a partnership between the George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health (GWSPH), USA and University of Sciences, Techniques & Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), to address the critical need for improved bioethics training, leadership, and policy in Mali. Methods: The aims of the capacity building programme are achieved by leveraging US and Africa-based expertise to strengthen research ethics education and capacity through: (1) intensive faculty development to design ethics training curricula; (2) development of a research ethics specialization within the existing Masters of Public Health program (MPH); and (3) establishing professional development courses through short-term training workshops and webinars to address research and professional needs in ethics. Results: The program will strengthen USTTB’s capacity of research ethics by training at least 15 MPH students over 5 years to prepare the next generation of ethics researchers. During the first two years of the program, a new ethics training curricula was developed, two cohorts of Master’s students were enrolled, and a series of webinars and workshops were conducted with participation of Malian and international researchers. Conclusions: US-Mali RETP will promote a sustainable bioethics enterprise at USTTB, and enable dissemination of research ethics training to increase health research capacity in Mali.
Surrogate explanations for role discovery on graphs
Authors: Cunningham Eoghan , Greene Derek 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRole discovery is the task of dividing the set of nodes on a graph into classes of structurally similar roles. Modern strategies for role discovery typically rely on graph embedding techniques, which are capable of recognising complex graph structures when reducing nodes to dense vector representations. However, when working with large, real-world networks, it is difficult to interpret or validate a set of roles identified according to these methods. In this work, motivated by advancements in the field of explainable artificial intelligence, we propose surrogate explanation for role discovery, a new framework for interpreting role assignments on large graphs using small subgraph structures known as graphlets. We demonstrate our framework on a small synthetic graph with prescribed structure, before applying them to a larger real-world network. In the second case, a large, multidisciplinary citation network, we successfully identify a number of important citation patterns or structures which reflect interdisciplinary research.
Genderaspekte in der Behandlung von Diabetes mellitus
Authors: Gisinger Teresa 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungIn den letzten Jahren hat die Gendermedizin immer mehr an Bedeutung gewonnen. Auch im Bereich der Diabetologie und Endokrinologie ist die Wissenschaft der Gendermedizin immer mehr in den Vordergrund gerückt. Gendermedizin befasst sich nicht nur mit den Unterschieden zwischen Mann und Frau, die durch biologische Ursachen wie Genexpression und Hormone entstehen, sondern auch mit dem sozialen Geschlecht. Dieses beinhaltet eine Vielzahl an sozialen, kulturellen und ökonomischen Faktoren.Die momentane Studienlage zeigt, dass Frauen und Männer Unterschiede in der Pathogenese von Diabetes mellitus haben. So haben Frauen eher einen gestörten postprandialen Blutzucker, wohingegen Männer vermehrt eine gestörte Nüchterninsulinresistenz haben. Zusätzlich hat das Östrogen bei Frauen eine schützende Wirkung, weswegen postmenopausale Frauen im Hinblick auf das Risiko, an Diabetes mellitus zu erkranken, von einer Hormonersatztherapie profitieren. Eine Komplikation von Diabetes mellitus sind kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen. Männer berichten eine erhöhte Rate an kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen im Gegensatz zu Frauen. Im Hinblick auf Therapie sieht man, dass Frauen strenger behandelt werden als Männer. Des Weiteren werden geschlechterspezifische Unterschiede bei oralen antidiabetischen Therapien berichtet. Im Hinblick auf das soziale Geschlecht wurde erforscht, dass ein niedriger sozioökonomischer Status mit einem höheren Risiko, an Diabetes mellitus zu erkranken, und für dessen Mortalität einhergeht.
Abortus habitualis
Authors: Semrl Neli 
Published: May 2023

Zusammenfassung1 bis 3 % aller Paare im fortpflanzungsfähigen Alter erleiden einen wiederholten Spontanabort (WSA). Es werden viele ursächliche Faktoren diskutiert, doch bleibt die Ursache in einem erheblichen Teil der Fälle ungeklärt. Die wissenschaftliche Datenlage hinsichtlich Diagnose- und Behandlungsstrategien ist nach wie vor unzureichend, was für die Paare oftmals eine psychische Belastung und für Ärztinnen und Ärzte eine große Herausforderung darstellt.Ziel dieses Artikels ist es, die unterschiedlichen Definitionen und Ätiologien von WSA zu beleuchten und die aktuelle Evidenz zur Abklärung und zum Management auf Grundlage neuester internationaler Leitlinien zusammenzufassen.
Utilization of individual components of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol improves post-operative outcomes in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a blueprint for progressive adoption of ERAS
Authors: Lebel David E. , Machida Masayoshi , Koucheki Robert , Campbell Fiona , Bath Natasha , Koyle Martin , Ruskin Danielle , Levin David , Brennenstuhl Sarah , Stinson Jennifer 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Enhanced recovery after surgery [ERAS] is an approach for standardization of perioperative care aimed at improving patient outcomes. The primary aim of this study was to determine if length of stay (LOS) differed by protocol type (ERAS vs. non-ERAS [N-ERAS]) in patients undergoing surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Patient characteristics were collected and compared between groups. Differences in LOS were assessed using regression adjusting for age, sex, BMI, pre-surgical Cobb angle, levels fused and year of surgery.

Results
Fifty nine ERAS patients were compared to 81 N-ERAS patients. Patients were comparable in their baseline characteristics. Median LOS was 3 days (IQR = 3–4) for the ERAS group, compared to 5 days (IQR = 4–5) for the N-ERAS group (p < 0.001). The ERAS group had a significantly lower adjusted rate of stay (RR = 0.75; 95% CI = 0.62–0.92). The ERAS group had significantly lower average pain on post-operative days 0 (least-squares-mean [LSM] 2.66 vs. 4.41, p < 0.001), POD1 (LSM 3.12 vs. 4.48, p < 0.001) and POD5 (LSM 2.84 vs. 4.42, p = 0.035). The ERAS group had lower opioid consumption (p < 0.001). LOS was predicted by the number of protocol elements received; those receiving two (RR = 1.54 95% CI = 1.05–2.24), one (RR = 1.49; 95% CI = 1.09–2.03) or none (RR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.21–2.13) had significantly longer rates of stay than those receiving all four.

Conclusion
Adoption of modified ERAS-based protocol for patients undergoing PSF for AIS led to significant reduction in LOS, average pain scores, and opioid consumption.
Phase imaging of irradiated foils at the OMEGA EP facility using phase-stepping X-ray Talbot–Lau deflectometry
Authors: Pérez-Callejo G. , Bouffetier V. , Ceurvorst L. , Goudal T. , Klein S. R. , Svyatskiy D. , Holec M. , Perez-Martin P. , Falk K. , Casner A. , Weber T. E. , Kagan G. , Valdivia M. P. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Diagnosing the evolution of laser-generated high energy density (HED) systems is fundamental to develop a correct understanding of the behavior of matter under extreme conditions. Talbot–Lau interferometry constitutes a promising tool, since it permits simultaneous single-shot X-ray radiography and phase-contrast imaging of dense plasmas. We present the results of an experiment at OMEGA EP that aims to probe the ablation front of a laser-irradiated foil using a Talbot–Lau X-ray interferometer. A polystyrene (CH) foil was irradiated by a laser of 133 J, 1 ns and probed with 8 keV laser-produced backlighter radiation from Cu foils driven by a short-pulse laser (153 J, 11 ps). The ablation front interferograms were processed in combination with a set of reference images obtained ex situ using phase-stepping. We managed to obtain attenuation and phase-shift images of a laser-irradiated foil for electron densities above

${10}^{22}\;{\mathrm{cm}}^{-3}$

. These results showcase the capabilities of Talbot–Lau X-ray diagnostic methods to diagnose HED laser-generated plasmas through high-resolution imaging.