bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Musculoskeletal Ultrasound in Rheumatological Diseases
Authors: Abdalla Heba Mohamed Abdrapo , Noor Rasha Ali Abdel , Elsawy Abdalla Ahmed , Shahba Abeer Abd Elmonaim 
Published: January 2023

Rheumatology has seen a sonographic revolution in recent years. Ultrasonography (US) has been demonstrated to be capable of significantly altering the traditional approach to most clinical problems in daily rheumatologic practice due to its ability to provide rapid, safe, and inexpensive access to anatomical information on the early targets of the majority of rheumatic diseases. Ultrasonography completes the physical examination with speed and accuracy and enables the detection of a broad range of abnormal findings involving various musculoskeletal (MSK) anatomical components.
Ultrasonography is mostly used for interventional guidance (joint aspiration, synovial or soft tissue biopsy, joint or tendon sheath injection). When fluid collections are very tiny or when the inflammatory process is next to anatomical structures that might be severely harmed by the injection, sonographic guiding is very effective.
MSK US is a significant imaging modality for practicing rheumatologists and provides an effective diagnostic tool for assessing patients with MSK problems. In the United States, the usage of MSK ultrasonography has evolved due to the availability of less priced, portable US equipment that give high-quality grayscale and power Doppler signals. The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) has given standardized training courses and a certification program for practicing rheumatologists, and similar training is also offered through a number of fellowship programs.
In certain clinical circumstances, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) might be difficult to diagnose since crystalline arthropathies can closely resemble RA. For instance, palindromic RA might appear with articular symptoms that, based on history and clinical characteristics, mimic a crystalline disease. This study sought to investigate the relevance of MSK ultrasonography in rheumatologic illness diagnosis.
Quality management, quality assurance, and quality control in medical physics
Authors: Amurao Max , Gress Dustin A. , Keenan Mary Ann , Halvorsen Per H. , Nye Jonathon A. , Mahesh Mahadevappa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe historic and ongoing evolution of the practice, technology, terminology, and implementation of programs related to quality in the medical radiological professions has given rise to the interchangeable use of the terms Quality Management (QM), Quality Assurance (QA), and Quality Control (QC) in the vernacular. This White Paper aims to provide clarification of QM, QA, and QC in medical physics context and guidance on how to use these terms appropriately in American College of Radiology (ACR) Practice Parameters and Technical Standards, generalizable to other guidance initiatives. The clarification of these nuanced terms in the radiology, radiation oncology, and nuclear medicine environments will not only boost the comprehensibility and usability of the Medical Physics Technical Standards and Practice Parameters, but also provide clarity and a foundation for ACR's clinical, physician‐led Practice Parameters, which also use these important terms for monitoring equipment performance for safety and quality. Further, this will support the ongoing development of the professional practice of clinical medical physics by providing a common framework that distinguishes the various types of responsibilities borne by medical physicists and others in the medical radiological environment. Examples are provided of how QM, QA, and QC may be applied in the context of ACR Practice Parameters and Technical Standards.
Preliminary dosimetric comparison between fixed and rotating source stereotactic radiosurgery systems
Authors: Draeger Emily , Chen Zhe (Jay) , Hansen James E. , Chiang Veronica , Tien Christopher J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPurposeThe Akesis Galaxy RTi (AK) is a novel rotational 60Co‐based cranial stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) system. While similar systems have been compared against the fixed‐source Leksell Gamma Knife (GK) system using stylized phantoms, dosimetric plan quality with realistic anatomy has yet to be characterized for this or any other rotating system versus GK. This study aims to benchmark AK dosimetric performance against GK by retrospectively replanning previously‐treated GK patients at our institution.MethodsThirteen patients, previously treated on a GK Icon, were re‐planned on the AK treatment planning system using the same prescription doses and isodoses as the original GK plans. The cohort includes patients treated for brain metastases, schwannomas, pituitary adenomas, trigeminal neuralgias, and arteriovenous malformations. Plans are evaluated with target coverage metrics (Dmin, Dmean, D95%, V150%) and dose conformality indices: Radiation Therapy Oncology Group conformity index (CI), selectivity, Paddick CI (PCI), gradient index (GI).ResultsAK plans use fewer shots and larger collimation compared to GK plans, resulting in statistically significant reductions in treatment time (p = 0.047) by as much as 88.4 minutes while maintaining comparable target V100%. For most metastatic cases, GK produces higher Dmin (16.0–25.9 vs. 12.5–24.3 Gy, p = 0.008) while AK produces higher V150% (0.03–14.92 vs. 0.02–11.59 cc, p = 0.028). For non‐metastatic cases, GK provides superior CI (p = 0.025) and GI (p = 0.044). No statistically significant differences were found in the remaining metrics.ConclusionThis cohort demonstrates that the AK system is able to achieve largely comparable dosimetric results to GK, typically with shorter treatment times. Further investigation with a larger cohort is underway.
Halogenated Ti3C2 MXenes Prepared by Microwave Molten Salt for Hg0 Photo‐Oxidation
Authors: Xie Cheng , Xu Lei , Peng Jinhui , Zhang Libo , Wang Xueqian , Deng Jianying , Capron Mickael , Ordomsky Vitaly 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTi3C2 MXenes with different halogen modifications are prepared rapidly and efficiently by microwave molten salt method, and the MXene surface functional group modification is successfully achieved to address the problems of low purity, complex functional groups, and uncontrollable energy band structure of MXenes obtained by traditional liquid phase etching. Among them, the modification of the iodine (I) functional group onto the surface of Ti3C2 changes the energy band structure and band gap, resulting in easier photoexcitation and more photogenerated carriers. The increased Fermi energy is closer to the conduction band, the decreased surface work function weakens the electron confinement ability. The photogenerated carriers can migrate to the surface of the material more easily with extended lifetime, so the activity of the catalyst is improved. Further, for gaseous monomeric mercury (Hg0) photo‐oxidative removal, Ti3C2‐I2 exhibits 85.5% efficiency of Hg0 photo‐oxidative removal under visible light. Based on the experimental characterization and density functional theory calculations, a mechanism for the photo‐oxidative removal of Hg° from Ti3C2‐I2 MXene is proposed, which provides a valuable strategy for studying Ti3C2 MXenes in the field of photocatalysis.
Insights into Hierarchical Structure–Property–Application Relationships of Advanced Bacterial Cellulose Materials
Authors: Wu Zhuotong , Chen Shiyan , Li Jing , Wang Baoxiu , Jin Mengtian , Liang Qianqian , Zhang Dong , Han Zhiliang , Deng Lili , Qu Xiangyang , Wang Huaping 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBacterial cellulose (BC) is an environmentally friendly biomaterial that is widely investigated because it possesses a unique hierarchical nanofiber network structure as well as extraordinary performance. In this review, the formation of the BC hierarchical nanofiber network structure from the perspective of biosynthesis is illustrated based on its basic chemical and crystal structure. Moreover, the design and processing of BC‐based advanced materials through biosynthesis, physical, and/or chemical modification are also reviewed. The intrinsic characteristics of BC, derived from its hierarchical structure, are analyzed to understand its structure–property–application relationships. The applications of advanced BC‐based materials are reviewed, such as high‐strength structural materials utilizing the properties of nanofibers, energy conversion and storage, bioelectronic interfaces, environmental remediation, and thermal management applications utilizing the ion transport properties and 3D network structures of these materials. In addition, the authors also offer their opinions and potential future research directions for sustainably developing BC‐based materials.
Hydration Activates Dual‐Confined Shape‐Memory Effects of Cold‐Reprogrammable Photonic Crystals
Authors: Qi Yong , Song Liujun , Zhou Changtong , Zhang Shufen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractShape‐memory photonic crystals (SMPCs) transform the nanoscale deformation of copolymers into structural color through an undifferentiated response to stimuli; however, activatable selective responses are extremely rare. Herein, activatable dual confined shape‐memory effects (CSMEs) derived from the remodeling of the interchain hydrogen bonds (H‐bonds) in cold‐programmable SMPCs are revealed. The first level is the water‐triggered reconstruction of interchain H‐bonds, which can activate/lock the collapsed skeleton, showing shape recovery/retention in response to ethanol vapor. The second level is the pressure‐induced reorganization of interchain H‐bonds that results in the recovered skeleton being locked even when exposed to ethanol vapor or water, while the background porous structure can switch between collapse and recovery. Dual CSMEs result from the Laplace pressure difference and the binding effect of interchain H‐bonds in the skeleton according to insights of swelling, in situ deformation tracking, multidimensional infrared spectra, and water wetting/evaporation simulations. The signal interference, source code extraction, and color enhancement of structurally colored patterns can be implemented using CSMEs. This work opens up a new method for fabricating activatable responsive structural color and contributes to the expansion of nanophotonic technology in water printing, erasable watermarks, signal amplifiers, and information coding.
Recent Advances in Dynamic Homojunction PIN Diodes Based on 2D Materials
Authors: Aftab Sikandar , Hegazy Hosameldin Helmy , Iqbal Muhammad Zahir , Iqbal Muhammad Waqas , Nazir Ghazanfar , Hussain Sajjad 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe development of electrical and optoelectronic devices that are based on transition metal dichalcogenides require the fabrication of high‐quality homogeneous junctions. This paper demonstrates how to accomplish this using a lateral or vertical 2D material‐based p‐type/intrinsic/n‐type (p–i–n) homojunction. The capacitance across the junction is reduced, which is a result of the continuous band alignments, and there is less carrier entrapment at the homointerface. Various types of p–i–n diodes are examined in order to demonstrate the current modes of transportation and the optoelectronic effects. This review demonstrates how to make a high‐performance homointerface as well as describes the tunneling process in detail, which will be useful in the future development of new electrical and optoelectronic devices. A performance comparison of different parameters is also performed among various doping strategies in order to form homogenous junctions. It is assumed that this summary of the current research on nanomaterials will help 2D materials be used in order to make reliable p–i–n homojunction diodes for low‐power and high‐speed electronics. Finally, this paper concludes by summarizing the current challenges and the current prospects.
Utilizing Angle‐Dependent Photovoltage Effect in a CH3NH3PbCl3/Si Heterojunction toward High‐Performance Polarized Light Detection in Ultraviolet Region
Authors: Wang Ziyang , Zhang Xinyuan , Wu Jianbo , Liang Lishan , Niu Xinyi , Chen Qin , Li Ruiqing , Luo Junhua 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOrganic–inorganic hybrid MAPbCl3 perovskite (MA+ = CH3NH3+) in UV photodetection is drawing interest due to its superior semiconductor properties and UV‐matchable optical bandgap. However, MAPbCl3‐based photodetector targeting high‐performance polarized light detection has remained unexplored due to the isotropic structure of MAPbCl3. The photovoltaic effect in the heterojunction, which shows an angle dependence on light polarization, provides opportunities to break the restriction of intrinsic structure for realizing polarization‐sensitive photodetection. Herein, an effective strategy is reported to realize high‐performance polarization‐sensitive UV photodetection by constructing a heterojunction with two isotropic materials MAPbCl3 and Silicon (Si). Emphatically, the photovoltage in MAPbCl3/Si heterojunction changes with the angle of polarized light with the maximum (minimum) value of 0.15 V (0.05 V), originating from the built‐in electric field. More interestingly, driven by the photovoltage, the device thus exhibits a large polarization ratio (Imax/Imin) of 2.9 at 377 nm under the self‐driven mode. Besides, the present device also delivers high‐performance photodetection in UV region owing to the superior photoresponse of MAPbCl3, including a high detectivity (D*) of 2.93 × 1011 Jones, a superior responsibility of 8 mA W–1, a substantial switching ratio of 900, and an ultrafast response speed of 40/98 µs at 0 V bias. This work opens a new avenue for high‐performance polarization‐sensitive photodetection by utilizing angle‐dependent photovoltage effect.
Broadband and Multimode Near‐Infrared Emitter Based on Cr3+‐Activated Stannate for Multifunctional Applications
Authors: Zhou Zhihao , He Fanquan , Song Enhai , Zhang Shuai , Yi Xiaodong , Zhang Hao , Le Yakun , Ye Shi , Xu Shanhui , Qiu Jianrong , Dong Guoping 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBroadband near‐infrared (NIR) phosphors have recently received considerable attention in spectroscopy technology fields, but designing inexpensive, emission peaks centered above 800 nm, and multimodal broadband NIR luminescence material still remains a great challenge. Here, by selecting stannate compound Mg2SnO4 (MSO) as the host, a kind of broadband NIR phosphor MSO:Cr3+ with multimode luminescence properties is reported. The designed material exhibits an emission peaking at 800 nm and a full‐width at half maximum of 180 nm (≈2730 cm−1). The site occupation of Cr3+ in MSO is unraveled by density functional theory calculation. The constructed NIR light‐emitting device based on MSO:Cr3+ displays a high NIR output power of 187.19 mW@100 mA and remarkable photoelectric efficiency of 13.67%, and its multifunctional applications in information encryption, non‐destructive detection, and so on are also demonstrated. Additionally, through defect site reconstruction, MSO:Cr3+ presents superior broadband NIR persistent luminescence (PersL) properties with PersL duration time longer than 50 h. This work provides a feasible strategy to develop intelligent optical material integrated with multimodal luminescence through low‐cost stannate compounds as the host toward versatile applications such as non‐destructive detection and bioimaging.
Polymer‐Based Circularly Polarized Luminescent Materials
Authors: Zhong Hai , Zhao Biao , Deng Jianping 
Published: January 2023

AbstractChiral materials capable of generating circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) have gained rapidly growing research interest by virtue of their peculiar photophysical characteristics and far‐reaching applications. Amongst various CPL materials, polymer‐based CPL materials have constituted an important class owing to their abundant types, ease of manufacture, high thermal stability, as well as, tunable properties. The present work reviews the latest advances in constructing polymer‐based CPL materials, which are classified based on the interaction modes between chiral and luminescent components, that is, covalent interaction, non‐covalent interaction, as well as, without covalent and non‐covalent interactions. The newly emerging categories of polymer‐based CPL materials, that is, nonconventional fluorescence‐based CPL materials, circularly polarized room temperature phosphorescence, and polymer‐based CPL materials with thermally activated delayed fluorescence properties are also presented. Typical applications of the polymer‐based CPL emitters in organic light‐emitting diodes, information security encryption, and optical sensors are further discussed. Additionally, the current challenges and future perspectives in this field are summarized. This review article is expected to stimulate more unprecedented achievements derived from polymer‐based CPL materials, thus further promoting their future practical applications.
Lignin‐Based Materials for Additive Manufacturing: Chemistry, Processing, Structures, Properties, and Applications
Authors: Jiang Bo , Jiao Huan , Guo Xinyu , Chen Gegu , Guo Jiaqi , Wu Wenjuan , Jin Yongcan , Cao Guozhong , Liang Zhiqiang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe utilization of lignin, the most abundant aromatic biomass component, is at the forefront of sustainable engineering, energy, and environment research, where its abundance and low‐cost features enable widespread application. Constructing lignin into material parts with controlled and desired macro‐ and microstructures and properties via additive manufacturing has been recognized as a promising technology and paves the way to the practical application of lignin. Considering the rapid development and significant progress recently achieved in this field, a comprehensive and critical review and outlook on three‐dimensional (3D) printing of lignin is highly desirable. This article fulfils this demand with an overview on the structure of lignin and presents the state‐of‐the‐art of 3D printing of pristine lignin and lignin‐based composites, and highlights the key challenges. It is attempted to deliver better fundamental understanding of the impacts of morphology, microstructure, physical, chemical, and biological modifications, and composition/hybrids on the rheological behavior of lignin/polymer blends, as well as, on the mechanical, physical, and chemical performance of the 3D printed lignin‐based materials. The main points toward future developments involve hybrid manufacturing, in situ polymerization, and surface tension or energy driven molecular segregation are also elaborated and discussed to promote the high‐value utilization of lignin.
On the Reversible Sodium Plating/stripping Reaction in Porous SiCN(O) Ceramic: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Melzi d'Eril Marco , Joanna Graczyk‐Zajac Magdalena , Riedel Ralf 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) are a cost‐effective and sustainable alternative to lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), which might be independent of rare raw materials. These advantages come at the expense of low energy density. Sodium metal batteries (SMBs) can provide a possible solution. In this work, we present the use of a porous silicon carbonitride (SiCN(O)) ceramic as an anodic matrix for reversible Na‐plating. The role of the pores is investigated and the plating mechanism allowing reversible and uniform plating/stripping of sodium is also presented. Electrochemical studies show a stable and reversible capacity gain of around 60 mAh/g beyond the insertion capacity of the SiCN(O) ceramic over 100 cycles.
A New Lignan (Polonilignan) and Inhibitors of Nitric Oxide Production fromPenicillium polonicum, an Endophytic Fungi ofPiper nigrum
Authors: Pal Pragya Paramita , Begum Sajeli A. , Basha Ameer S. , Araya Hiroshi , Fujimoto Yoshinori 
Published: January 2023

AbstractInhibiting nitric oxide (NO) or its production is found to be of therapeutic benefit. To discover natural small molecule inhibitors of NO production, a bioassay‐ and LC/MS‐guided chemical investigation was done on the metabolites of endophytic fungus isolated from freshPiper nigrumfruits. The isolated pure strain was identified asPenicillium polonicumby 16S rDNA sequence comparison. The culture broth extract ofP. polonicum(EEPP) exhibited a significant reduction of NO production (Griess method) in LPS‐stimulated RAW 264.7 cells (P<0.0001). To understand the chemical constituents of bioactive EEPP, column chromatography and p‐TLC studies were carried out, which yielded eight pure compounds. They were characterised as botryosphaeridione (1), 3‐(3,5‐di‐tert‐butyl‐4‐hydroxy)phenylpropionic acid (2), variabilone (3), 2,4‐di‐tert‐butylphenol (4), indole‐3‐carboxylic acid (5), tyrosol (6), ethyl ferulate (7) and a new lignan (8) based on the spectral analysis. The structure elucidation of the new lignan, named polonilignan (8), was based on HR‐MS,1H‐ &13C‐NMR, H−H COSY, HSQC and HMBC spectra. Compounds2,4,5and6showed a significant decrease (P<0.0001) in the production of NO in LPS‐induced RAW 264.7 cells. Tyrosol (6) and indole‐3‐carboxylic acid (5) controlled nitrite release with IC50values of 22.84 and 55.01 μM, respectively. This is the first report of (i)P. polonicumas an endophytic fungus of pepper fruits, (ii) isolation of compounds1–8except6fromP. polonicumculture broth extract and (iii) NO inhibition effect of2,4,5and6.
Zr Oxo Cluster for Cascade Conversion of Furfural to Alkyl Levulinates
Authors: Peng Qingpo , Jiang Yongjun , Xu Bei‐Bei , Zhao Xiuge , Dai Sheng , Yao Ye‐Feng , Hou Zhenshan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA novel dodecanuclear Zr oxo cluster [Zr6O4(OH)4 (HSCH2CH2COO)12]2 (ZrO‐SH‐10) has been constructed under the room temperature, followed by oxidation of the sulfhydryl group with H2O2 to achieve a bifunctional catalyst with Lewis acid and Brönsted acid sites. The characterization of catalysts indicated that {Zr6O4} cluster core can be stabilized with a shell of carboxylate ligands, and the resulting ZrO‐SO3H was formed as a discrete molecular catalyst, exhibiting superior activity and recyclability for the cascade conversion of furfural to alkyl levulinate by the integration of transfer hydrogenation and alcoholysis in n‐butanol. The yield of n‐butyl levulinate can achieve as high as 91 % under the optimum conditions. Meanwhile, no leaching of the active species was found, which confirmed the structure of the Zr oxo cluster was air and moisture‐stable. On the basis of the studies on the reaction kinetics and isotope tracking, the reaction mechanism was proposed accordingly.
Application of Phosphoramidate ProTide Technology for the Synthesis of 5’‐mRNA Cap Analogs Modified on the Exocyclic Amine Group
Authors: Siekierska Izabela , Lukaszewicz Maciej , Worch Remigiusz , Jankowska‐Anyszka Marzena , Piecyk Karolina 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAryloxy triester phosphoramidate methodology, commonly known as ProTide technology, is one of the most widely used prodrug approaches applied to therapeutic nucleosides. This approach has been used extensively by the pharmaceutical industry and researchers in medicinal chemistry. Herein we report our adaptation of this effective method for the synthesis of bioactive 5’‐mRNA cap analogues as inhibitors for targeting cap‐dependent translation. The synthesis was performed in two main stages: preparation of N2‐modified guanosine analogues and their subsequent transformation into prodrugs using phenylethoxy‐l‐alaninyl phosphorochloridate. The prepared pro‐nucleotide cap analogues were tested for their capacity in enzymatic activation, inhibitory properties in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate system, and passive membrane translocation properties.