bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Grundlagenbeitrag: Qualitative Befragungen im Kontext von Wissenschaftskommunikation
Authors: Metag Julia , Scheu Andreas M. 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag beleuchtet das Potenzial qualitativer Befragungen zur Evaluation von Wissenschaftskommunikation. Qualitative Befragungen bieten sich immer dann an, wenn möglichst offen die Perspektiven, Bewertungen und Einschätzungen bestimmter Zielgruppen erhoben werden sollen. Insbesondere bei der Entwicklung neuer Formate und Formen von Wissenschaftskommunikation bieten sich narrative Befragungsformate zur Evaluation an. In der Forschung zeigt sich, dass halbstandardisierte Leitfadeninterviews sowie Fokusgruppen-Interviews sehr verbreitet sind. Qualitative Befragungen werden eingesetzt, um Expert:innen bzw. Wissenschaftler:innen, Bürger:innen und Vertreter:innen der Zivilgesellschaft sowie praktische Wissenschaftskommunikator:innen und Wissenschaftsjournalist:innen zu befragen. Qualitative Befragungen werden sowohl als primäre Forschungsmethode als auch in Kombination mit bzw. als Ergänzung zu standardisierten Methoden eingesetzt.
Praxisbeitrag: Qualitative Befragungen zur Evaluation von Wissenschaftskommunikation am Beispiel des Wissenschaftsvarietés Glitzern & Denken
Authors: Hedder Imke , Ziegler Ricarda , Dietermann Bonnie , Ziegler David 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungWissenschaft und Kunst zu verbinden, zeichnet inzwischen viele Formate der Wissenschaftskommunikation aus. Wie Künstler:innen und Wissenschaftler:innen durch ihr Zusammenwirken wahrgenommen werden, wurde in der Evaluation des Wissenschaftsvarietés Glitzern & Denken beleuchtet. Leitfadengestützte Vorher-Nachher-Interviews mit Zuschauenden dienten dem Zweck, Zielgruppen des Formats näher kennenzulernen, ihre Vorstellungen von Wissenschaft und Kunst sowie ihre Programmbewertung zu erheben. Auf methodischer Ebene zeigt das Fallbeispiel auf, wie die Umstellung des ursprünglich reinen Präsenzformats zu einem digitalen Angebot die Evaluationsplanung veränderte und verdeutlicht das Erkenntnispotenzial, das aus wenigen, sorgfältig vorbereiteten Befragungen gewonnen werden kann. Auf inhaltlicher Ebene geben die Ergebnisse Anlass zur Reflexion, wie die Wahrnehmung von Wissenschaftler:innen durch ihre Präsentation und die Moderation in Formaten der Wissenschaftskommunikation geprägt wird.
Influence of the force magnitude of fixed functional appliances for class II subdivision 1 treatment—a cephalometric study
Authors: Sabbagh Hisham , Sabbagh Aladin , Rankovic Mila Janjic , Huber Christine , Wichelhaus Andrea , Hoffmann Lea 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the skeletal and dental effects of a hybrid fixed functional appliance (FFA) used with different force magnitudes for class II subdivision 1 treatment.

Methods
Treatment records from 70 patients were evaluated: 35 patients were treated with a FFA with standard activation (SUS group) and 35 with a FFA with an additional force-generating spring (TSUS group). Two control groups were matched from the American Association of Orthodontists Foundation (AAOF) Craniofacial Growth Legacy Collection for comparison with the two treatment groups to determine skeletal and dental treatment effects. The cephalometric parameters at T0 (before treatment) and T1 (before debonding) were assessed using the Munich standard cephalometric analysis and by the sagittal occlusal analysis (SO) according to Pancherz. Data were analyzed statistically using SPSS.

Results
No statistically significant difference for any cephalometric parameter was observed between the SUS and TSUS groups concerning the measurements at T0 and T1. Both treatment groups exhibited an effective class II therapy mainly due to a significant reduction in SNA, and ANB and an increase in SNB. In contrast to the control group, as the result of treatment a skeletal class I was achieved.

Conclusion
No significant statistical differences were observed between the patient group treated with the FFA with standard activation (SUS) and those treated with an additional spring (TSUS) regarding the cephalometric parameters investigated. Both variants were equally effective in treating class II division 1 malocclusions.
Design of a novel 2D ultrasonic transducer for 2D high-frequency vibration–assisted micro-machining
Authors: Satpute Vinod , Huo Dehong , Hedley John , Elgendy Mohammed 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUltrasonic vibration–assisted machining (VAM) is a process in which a tool or workpiece is vibrated using ultrasonic frequency small-amplitude vibrations to improve cutting performance, and an ultrasonic transducer usually generates these vibrations. This study investigates how two-dimensional vibrations are generated using axially polled piezoceramics. Modifying the wave propagation in geometric ways by creating a notch at the front mass, the longitudinal response excited by the axially polled piezoceramic discs can be converted into combined longitudinal and bending vibrations at the transducer front mass. Finite element analysis (FEA) software COMSOL is used to study wave propagation, and ANSYS is used to optimize the transducer’s mechanical structure, while an equivalent circuit approach is used to analyze the electrical impedance spectra and confirm its resonance frequency. An experimental analysis of impedance response and amplitude of generated vibrations using the novel 2D ultrasonic transducer is conducted to validate the numerical and analytical results, which shows that resonance frequency results are in very good agreement with the theoretical model. Finally, the proposed design is validated by preliminary test results that demonstrate its performance and principles.
Medizinische Evidenz kompetent kommunizieren
Authors: Wilhelm Christoph , Rebitschek Felix G. 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungWie alle Patienten in Deutschland sollen auch jene in der Herzchirurgie, soweit wie möglich, in die klinische Entscheidungsfindung eingebunden werden. Was möglich ist, hängt – neben Patientenvoraussetzungen – maßgeblich von den kommunikativen Fähigkeiten und Werkzeugen ab, die der beratende Arzt einsetzt, um informiertes Entscheiden auf Basis der besten verfügbaren medizinischen Erkenntnisse zu ermöglichen. Anhand von Schlüsselherausforderungen strukturiert dieser narrative Überblick Lösungsansätze für die Nutzung medizinischer Evidenz in Entscheidungsprozessen: unbestimmte Bezugsrahmen, relative Risiken, komplexe Informationen zu Entscheidungsoptionen bis hin zur Interpretation vorangehender diagnostischer Testergebnisse. Die dargestellten Lösungsansätze stellen in die Versorgung integrierbare Werkzeuge dar. Sie erfordern eine Kompetenzstärkung des Fachpersonals und qualitätsgesicherte medizinische Informationsangebote.
Improving access to assessments of early motor development in local languages: polish adaptation of the Early Motor Questionnaire
Authors: Laudańska Zuzanna , Szmytke Magdalena , Radkowska Alicja , Malinowska-Korczak Anna , Babis Karolina , Pérez David López , Tomalski Przemysław 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA child’s motor development progresses very dynamically. It is crucial to develop freely available parent-report measures of motor development that can be easily used globally to measure motor skills and identify children in need of interventions. This paper presents the adaptation and validation of the Early Motor Questionnaire, which consists of gross motor (GM), fine motor (FM), and perception–action integration (PA) subscales, to the Polish language (EMQ-PL). Study 1 (online, cross-sectional,N = 640) assessed psychometric properties of the EMQ-PL and its value in identifying children referred to physiotherapy. Results reveal excellent psychometric properties of the EMQ-PL and differences in GM and total age-independent scores between children that were and were not referred for physiotherapy. Study 2 (in-person assessment, longitudinal,N = 100) showed high correlations of GM and total scores with Alberta Infant Motor Scale.Conclusion: Overall, the EMQ can be easily adapted to local languages and has the potential for use as a screening tool in global health contexts.What is Known:• Parent-report questionnaires - especially those available free of charge - can potentially improve the rapid assessment of motor skills in young children worldwide.• Translation, adaptation and validation of freely available parent-report measures of motor development to local languages are important for local populations.What is New:• Early Motor Questionnaire can be easily adapted to local languages and has the potential for use as a screening tool in global health contexts.• The polish version of the Early Motor Questionnaire has excellent psychometric properties and highly correlates with infants’ age and Alberta Infant Motor Scale scores.
The role of plants in the prevention of soil-slip: the G-SLIP model and its application on territorial scale through G-XSLIP platform
Authors: Montrasio Lorella , Gatto Michele Placido Antonio , Miodini Chiara 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper discusses the role of plants in the prevention of shallow landslides induced by rain (soil slips); these phenomena, related to “hydrogeological instability,” are among the most feared because their evolutionary processes can cause huge damages and losses of human lives when interacting with anthropized areas and infrastructures. The paper first highlights how the plants interact with the soil; then introduces the G-SLIP (Green – Shallow Landslides Instability Prediction) model, i.e., the simplified physically-based SLIP model, modified to predict soil slips at punctual and large scale taking into account the vegetation effects. The G-SLIP model is thus applied to a case study of the Parma Apennines (Northern Italy) by using the G-XSLIP platform. In this area, during the intense events of rain between the 4th and 5th of April 2013, numerous landslides occurred, provoking huge damages to structures and infrastructures, and consequent economic losses. The stability analyses carried out with G-XSLIP demonstrate that the presence of vegetation in the study area led to a significant reduction in the triggering of shallow landslides. Finally, an attempt at soil slip mitigation through naturalistic techniques (planting of specific vegetation) is presented.
Using the FES framework to derive new physical degrees of freedom for finite element spaces of differential forms
Authors: Zampa Enrico , Alonso Rodríguez Ana , Rapetti Francesca 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study a geometric approach for constructing physical degrees of freedom for sequences of finite element spaces. Within the framework of finite element systems, we propose new degrees of freedom for the spaces $\mathcal {P}_{r}{\varLambda }^{k}$

P

r

Λ

k

of polynomial differential forms and we verify numerically their unisolvence.
Seed traits and tropical arboreal species conservation: a case study of a highly diverse tropical humid forest region in Southern Costa Rica
Authors: Ley-López Juan Manuel , Wawrzyniak Mikołaj Krzysztof , Chacón-Madrigal Eduardo , Chmielarz Paweł 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTropical areas are vital for conserving endangered tree species. However, barriers to the propagation and storage of plant material still limit preservation outcomes. Seed traits are essential in conservation but have rarely been applied in the tropics. In this work, we compile information about the germination and seed desiccation tolerance behaviour of 953 arboreal species from the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica. We analysed how those traits are related to the growing strata, seed size, and dispersal mode and how they can be used to improve conservation initiatives based on the species distribution, abundance, extinction risk, and ex situ cultivation. Over a third of the species are probably recalcitrant but this number increase to almost half among the endangered and endemic ones. Most species have seeds dispersed by animals, but wind dispersal is usually orthodox and dominant in secondary forests. All species with tiny seeds and most understorey ones with small seeds are orthodox. Approximately half of the species have dormant seeds, while nearly one-third of nondormant species have cohorts with extended germination. Almost half of the species are conserved ex situ; however, several endangered, endemics could be expected to be considered exceptional. Seed traits could target orthodox species for seed banking in tropical forests, including the potential of secondary forests and a subset of oligarch species. For the recalcitrant ones, approaches based on the risk of extinction, distribution, abundance, and ex situ status allow for prioritizing collection and conservation strategies. Under this approach, we develop a list with priority species.
Low-dose aspirin and risk of breast cancer: a Norwegian population-based cohort study of one million women
Authors: Løfling Lukas , Støer Nathalie C. , Nafisi Sara , Ursin Giske , Hofvind Solveig , Botteri Edoardo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSeveral studies evaluated the association between aspirin use and risk of breast cancer (BC), with inconsistent results. We identified women aged ≥ 50 years residing in Norway between 2004 and 2018, and linked data from nationwide registries; including the Cancer Registry of Norway, the Norwegian Prescription Database, and national health surveys. We used Cox regression models to estimate the association between low-dose aspirin use and BC risk, overall and by BC characteristics, women’s age and body mass index (BMI), adjusting for sociodemographic factors and use of other medications. We included 1,083,629 women. During a median follow-up of 11.6 years, 257,442 (24%) women used aspirin, and 29,533 (3%) BCs occurred. For current use of aspirin, compared to never use, we found an indication of a reduced risk of oestrogen receptor-positive (ER +) BC (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.96, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.92–1.00), but not ER-negative BC (HR = 1.01, 95%CI: 0.90–1.13). The association with ER + BC was only found in women aged ≥ 65 years (HR = 0.95, 95%CI: 0.90–0.99), and became stronger as the duration of use increased (use of ≥ 4 years HR = 0.91, 95%CI: 0.85–0.98). BMI was available for 450,080 (42%) women. Current use of aspirin was associated with a reduced risk of ER + BC in women with BMI ≥ 25 (HR = 0.91, 95%CI: 0.83–0.99; HR = 0.86, 95%CI: 0.75–0.97 for use of ≥ 4 years), but not in women with BMI < 25.Use of low-dose aspirin was associated with reduced risk of ER + BC, in particular in women aged ≥ 65 years and overweight women.
Developing a nitrogen fertilizer management model for wheat in calcareous soils using the critical nitrogen dilution curve
Authors: Ali Ali M. , Saudi Ahmed M. , El-Sadek Ashraf N. , Bijay-Singh  
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe critical nitrogen (N) dilution curve, which expresses whole-plant critical N concentration as a function of shoot biomass, can be used as a N management diagnostic tool for cereals. The objectives of this research were to develop a critical N dilution curve for wheat grown in calcareous soils and to formulate a model for estimating N fertilizer requirement of wheat crop at different growth stages. Six N fertilization rates (0–250 kg N ha−1) were used to induce variability in plant growth throughout six site-years (three locations at West Delta of Egypt and two seasons [2020/21-2021/22]). Aboveground shoot biomass (W; Mg DM [dry matter] ha−1) and N concentration (Nc; g kg−1DM) were determined on five sampling dates during the growing season. A critical N dilution curve was developed as:$${N}_{\mathrm{c}}=50.141 {\mathrm{W}}^{-0.424}$$Nc=50.141W-0.424. TheNcdilution curve was then used to develop a N fertilizer topdressing strategy. The study relied on N nutrition index inferred from theNcbased on N uptake, and instead of relying on a single N recovery efficiency coefficient, a variable N recovery efficiency was developed. This approach increased the hypothetical N requirements at low N application rates while decreased requirements at high N application rates, implying that theNcdilution curve can be used successfully to estimate the rates of supplemental N application. The developed strategy will provide a solid basis for precisely managing N fertilizer, though challenge ahead at the farm level will be in determining the actual shoot biomass and N concentration.
The Impact of Recognizing a Romantic Partner’s Character Strengths on Relationship Satisfaction
Authors: Habenicht Sonja , Schutte Nicola S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPrevious research indicates that identifying character strengths in oneself is beneficial. The present study investigated whether interventions focused on assisting individuals in recognizing strengths in romantic partners would influence relationship satisfaction. A randomized experimental design was used to assign a total of 243 participants (mean age = 37.3, SD = 12.1) to one of the following three conditions: identification of partner strengths, a curiosity prime followed by identification of partner strengths, and a control condition consisting of reflecting on neutral partner preferences. Participants in each condition rated their current relationship satisfaction and curiosity regarding their partners’ strengths. Participants in the recognition of partner character strengths condition reported significantly more relationship satisfaction compared to participants the control group. There were no other significant differences between groups. The findings suggest that character strength interventions could be used to improve partner relationship quality.
Thermal analysis, antimicrobial and antioxidant studies of thiosemicarbazone derivatives
Authors: Pitucha Monika , Ramos Paweł , Wojtunik-Kulesza Karolina , Głogowska Agnieszka , Stefańska Joanna , Kowalczuk Dorota , Monika Drózd , Augustynowicz-Kopeć Ewa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe aim of the presented research was to evaluate the antimicrobial, anti-tuberculosis and antioxidant activity of thiosemicarbazone derivatives. The thermal stability and thermal degradation of nineteen compounds were determined. The results obtained in in vitro tests indicate the potential of selected compounds against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Some compounds turned out to be active free radical scavengers and at the same time Fe3+ reducing agents. The performed TGA, and c-DTA measurements showed different thermal stable of thiosemicarbazone derivatives. The T2 derivative was the most thermally resistant. On the other hand, the T11 derivative was the least resistant. The performed thermal analysis showed that most of the derivatives underwent two-stage thermal decomposition (13 samples).
Differences in Ex-Gaussian Parameters from Response Time Distributions Between Individuals with and Without Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Bella-Fernández Marcos , Martin-Moratinos Marina , Li Chao , Wang Ping , Blasco-Fontecilla Hilario 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood and adolescence. Differences in reaction times (RT) in cognitive tasks have been consistently observed between ADHD and typical participants. Instead of estimating means and standard deviations, fitting non-symmetrical distributions like the ex-Gaussian, characterized by three parameters (µ, σ, and τ), account for the whole RT distributions. A meta-analysis is performed with all the available literature using ex-Gaussian distributions for comparisons between individuals with ADHD and controls. Results show that τ and σ are generally greater for ADHD samples, while µ tends to be larger for typical groups but only for younger ages. Differences in τ are also moderated by ADHD subtypes. τ and σ show, respectively, quadratic and linear relationships with inter-stimulus intervals from Continuous Performance Test and Go/No Go tasks. Furthermore, tasks and cognitive domains influence the three parameters. Interpretations of ex-Gaussian parameters and clinical implications of these findings are also discussed. Fitting ex-Gaussian distributions to RT data is a useful way to explore differences between individuals with ADHD and healthy controls.
Cognitive and Neuropathophysiological Outcomes of Gamma-tACS in Dementia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Manippa Valerio , Palmisano Annalisa , Nitsche Michael A. , Filardi Marco , Vilella Davide , Logroscino Giancarlo , Rivolta Davide 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDespite the numerous pharmacological interventions targeting dementia, no disease-modifying therapy is available, and the prognosis remains unfavorable. A promising perspective involves tackling high-frequency gamma-band (> 30 Hz) oscillations involved in hippocampal-mediated memory processes, which are impaired from the early stages of typical Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Particularly, the positive effects of gamma-band entrainment on mouse models of AD have prompted researchers to translate such findings into humans using transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), a methodology that allows the entrainment of endogenous cortical oscillations in a frequency-specific manner. This systematic review examines the state-of-the-art on the use of gamma-tACS in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and dementia patients to shed light on its feasibility, therapeutic impact, and clinical effectiveness. A systematic search from two databases yielded 499 records resulting in 10 included studies and a total of 273 patients. The results were arranged in single-session and multi-session protocols. Most of the studies demonstrated cognitive improvement following gamma-tACS, and some studies showed promising effects of gamma-tACS on neuropathological markers, suggesting the feasibility of gamma-tACS in these patients anyhow far from the strong evidence available for mouse models. Nonetheless, the small number of studies and their wide variability in terms of aims, parameters, and measures, make it difficult to draw firm conclusions. We discuss results and methodological limitations of the studies, proposing possible solutions and future avenues to improve research on the effects of gamma-tACS on dementia.