bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple hepatic and osseous focal lesions without splenomegaly and/or lymph nodes enlargement
Authors: Elghannam Maged T. , Hassanien Moataz H. , Ameen Yosry A. , ELattar Gamal M. , ELRay Ahmed A. , ELtalkawy Mohammed D. , Montasser Ahmed Y. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Hepatic involvement is a common extranodal manifestation of common and some rare hematologic malignancies. Although the imaging features of more common hepatic diseases such as hepatocellular carcinoma, metastases, and infection may overlap with those of hepatic hematologic malignancies, combining the imaging features with clinical manifestations and laboratory findings can facilitate correct diagnosis. Imaging has an important role in the diagnosis of hepatic focal lesions.

Case presentation
A case presented with isolated multiple hepatic focal lesions without nodal or spleen enlargement diagnosed only by immunohistochemical study and turned out to be primary hepatic lymphoma (PHL). PHL is rare with roughly 100 described cases and accounts for less than 1% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Osseous involvement adds more challenge to the diagnosis.

Conclusion
Hepatologists must be aware of PHL as it may be confused with more common hepatic diseases, mainly multifocal HCC and/or hepatic metastasis.
Evaluation of diagnostic performance of SARS-CoV-2 detection kits: a comparative study
Authors: Sherif Basma , Hafez Hala M. , Abdelhalim Marwa Ramadan , Elwafa Menna Allah Zakaria Abou , Wahba Nancy Samir , Hamdy Perihan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has hit many countries worldwide. Rapid and accurate diagnosis is crucial to reduce disease burden. Many commercial kits have become available, but their performance needs to be assessed. This study aimed at evaluation of the diagnostic performance of real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Rapid Antigen detection (RAD) kits for detecting Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Five hundred sixty-four Nasopharyngeal swab specimens sent to Molecular Laboratory at Ain Shams University Specialized Hospital for SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing collected from 564 subjects who attended the outpatient clinic for sample collection were randomly selected. All samples were tested for SARS-CoV-2 PCR using Viasure. Each time a recent kit was introduced, 94 samples, previously tested using Viasure, were used to determine the performance characteristics of the recent kit in comparison with Viasure, including Fast Track Diagnostics (FTD), DNA Technology, QiaPrep, Xpress SARS-CoV-2, ID NOW COVID-19 assay and Artron COVID-19 Antigen test kit.

Results
Upon comparison, FTD, DNA Technology, QiaPrep, Xpress SARS-CoV-2 and ID Now showed positive percent agreement, 100%, 100%, 97.7%, 100%, 100% negative percent agreement, 86%, 100%, 98.8%, 90%, 100%, respectively. The RAD kit results, when compared with RT-PCR, showed high sensitivity at cycle threshold (Ct) < 30, low sensitivity at Ct ≥ 30, while specificity was 100%.

Conclusion
Fast track, DNA Technology, QiaPrep, Xpress SARS-CoV-2 and ID Now showed good diagnostic performance. Positive RAD rule in SARS-CoV-2 infection, however negative results should be correlated with clinical condition and molecular testing.
US Food and Drug Administration Approval Summary: Fam-Trastuzumab Deruxtecan-nxki for Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Low Unresectable or Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Narayan Preeti , Dilawari Asma , Osgood Christy , Feng Zhou , Bloomquist Erik , Pierce William F. , Jafri Samina , Kalavar Shyam , Kondratovich Marina , Jha Prakash , Ghosh Soma , Tang Shenghui , Pazdur Richard , Beaver Julia A. , Amiri-Kordestani Laleh 
Published: February 2023

PURPOSE The US Food and Drug Administration approved fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan-nxki (DS-8201a, T-DXd) for the treatment of adult patients with unresectable or metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-low (immunohistochemistry 1 + or immunohistochemistry 2+/in situ hybridization–) breast cancer who have received a prior chemotherapy in the metastatic setting or developed disease recurrence during or within 6 months of completing adjuvant chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Approval was based on DESTINY-Breast04, a phase III, randomized, open-label, multicenter trial in patients with unresectable or metastatic HER2-low breast cancer, determined at a central laboratory. A total of 557 patients were randomly assigned (2:1) to receive either T-DXd 5.4 mg/kg intravenously once every 3 weeks (n = 373) or physicians' choice of chemotherapy (n = 184). RESULTS The study met its primary efficacy end point of progression-free survival (PFS) by blinded independent central review assessment in the hormone receptor–positive (HR+) cohort (N = 494) with an estimated hazard ratio (HR) of 0.51(95% CI, 0.40 to 0.64; P < .0001). Key secondary end points were also met, including PFS in the intent-to-treat population with an HR of 0.50 (95% CI, 0.40 to 0.63; P < .0001), overall survival (OS) in the HR+ cohort with an HR of 0.64 (95% CI, 0.48 to 0.86; P = .0028) and OS in the intent-to-treat with an HR of 0.64 (95% CI, 0.49 to 0.84; P = .0010). The safety profile of T-DXd was consistent with previously approved indications, and no new safety signals were observed in this study population. CONCLUSION The approval of T-DXd in HER2-low metastatic breast cancer was based on statistically significant and clinically meaningful PFS and OS improvements observed in the DESTINY-Breast04 trial and represents the first approved therapy specifically for the treatment of HER2-low metastatic breast cancer.
The Eucalcemic Patient With Elevated Parathyroid Hormone Levels
Authors: Shaker Joseph L , Wermers Robert A 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is classically characterized by hypercalcemia with elevated or inappropriately normal parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. Elevated PTH levels in the presence of normal calcium levels are not infrequently found during the evaluation of metabolic bone disorders or kidney stone disease. This can be caused by secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) or normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism (NPHPT). NPHPT is due to autonomous parathyroid function whereas SHPT is caused by a physiologic stimulation to PTH secretion. Many medical conditions and medications can contribute to SHPT, and differentiation between SHPT and NPHPT may be difficult. Cases are presented to illustrate examples. In this paper, we review the distinction between SHPT and NPHPT as well as end organ effects of NPHPT and outcomes of surgery in NPHPT. We suggest that the diagnosis of NPHPT be made only after careful exclusion of causes of SHPT and consideration of medications that can increase PTH secretion. Further, we advise a conservative approach to surgery in NPHPT.
Period, Break, Form
Authors: Sergeant David 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis essay examines the relationship between novelistic form and a historical moment shaped by new technologies in Dave Eggers's The Circle (2013) and Kim Stanley Robinson's Red Moon (2018). In both, the novel form is itself positioned as a major counterforce against the malignant powers that are attempting to form the age. Also in both, new technologies are understood not as primary or independent shaping forces but as enabling components of a larger political and economic form, a variant of capitalism. However, the crucial difference between the two novels is in how they periodize this capitalism, an act that is inseparably bound up with their generic identity. The Circle implicitly sees the growing power of the tech giants as a historical break, a departure or step-change from previous modes of capitalism, a periodizing that anticipates Shoshana Zuboff's recent, influential definition of “surveillance capitalism.” In Red Moon the new technology is less central to the plot and is capable of working for both the good guys and the bad. This relegation of technology as period marker reflects the novel's positioning of the contemporary moment—as it blurs into the near future setting—as a continuation of a longer historical arc rather than a break from it. Periodization and genre emerge as central to how these novels relate to social forms: genres are provisional and heuristic constructions that provide a way of talking about how novels negotiate, and negotiate with, history.
“Lusting after Relevance”: The Allegorical Import of the African American Novel
Authors: Harper Phillip Brian 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Observing that Ishmael Reed's 1972 novel Mumbo Jumbo both oscillates between present- and past-tense narration and traffics in historical anachronism, this article argues that these dual modes of temporal disjunction establish the novel as a work of historical allegory whose 1920s-era story registers as actually being about the post–civil rights period in which the novel was published. The essay goes on to suggest that such an allegorical function is served by the African American novel in general, insofar as African American novels are understood to thematize struggles for freedom that are always relevant for their present-day Black readership, irrespective of the historical contexts in which the novels themselves are set. Finally, the essay notes that the 1988 trade paperback edition of Mumbo Jumbo substitutes different images for some of the ones that were featured in the original 1972 edition and contends that, in so doing, it at once achieves and emblematizes the perennial allegorical relevance that characterizes the African American novel as such, thereby securing its status as a signal work within the canon.
The Power of Nostalgia: Memory, Identity, and Authority in the Shishuo xinyu
Authors: Hu Qiulei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The Shishuo xinyu 世說新語 (A New Account of Tales of the World) is a collection of anecdotes concerning extraordinary historical figures active in the second through fourth centuries. This article highlights and explores the importance of the Shishuo xinyu as cultural memory. In the collection, the public display and use of personal memory of the cultural past are taken as means to preserve cultural legacy, construct cultural identity, and establish cultural authority in the elite literati community. Cultural memory gained much significance after the migration of the Western Jin 西晉 (265–316) royal house and aristocratic families to the south after its fall. On one hand, shared memory and the sharing of memory of the past created an unbroken chain of cultural legacy and secured the elite literati's cultural identities in a “continuous” tradition; on the other hand, personal memory and the monopoly of memory were crucial tools to claim cultural privilege in the highly competitive community of elite literati. The peculiar nature of the anecdote as a cross between private and public matters, as well as between local and universal knowledge, lends itself perfectly to carrying out the various social functions of cultural memory. The attention to cultural memory in the Shishuo xinyu was not an accidental or isolated phenomenon. Its sentimental and personal approach to the past reflects the prevailing cultural nostalgia in writings by elite literati of the fourth and fifth centuries.
A distinct transcriptome characterizes neural crest-derived cells at the migratory wavefront during enteric nervous system development
Authors: Stavely Rhian , Hotta Ryo , Guyer Richard A. , Picard Nicole , Rahman Ahmed A. , Omer Meredith , Soos Adam , Szocs Emoke , Mueller Jessica , Goldstein Allan M. , Nagy Nandor 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTEnteric nervous system development relies on intestinal colonization by enteric neural crest-derived cells (ENCDCs). This is driven by a population of highly migratory and proliferative ENCDCs at the wavefront, but the molecular characteristics of these cells are unknown. ENCDCs from the wavefront and the trailing region were isolated and subjected to RNA-seq. Wavefront-ENCDCs were transcriptionally distinct from trailing ENCDCs, and temporal modelling confirmed their relative immaturity. This population of ENCDCs exhibited altered expression of ECM and cytoskeletal genes, consistent with a migratory phenotype. Unlike trailing ENCDCs, the wavefront lacked expression of genes related to neuronal or glial maturation. As wavefront ENCDC genes were associated with migration and developmental immaturity, the genes that remain expressed in later progenitor populations may be particularly pertinent to understanding the maintenance of ENCDC progenitor characteristics. Dusp6 expression was specifically upregulated at the wavefront. Inhibiting DUSP6 activity prevented wavefront colonization of the hindgut, and inhibited the migratory ability of post-colonized ENCDCs from midgut and postnatal neurospheres. These effects were reversed by simultaneous inhibition of ERK signaling, indicating that DUSP6-mediated ERK inhibition is required for ENCDC migration in mouse and chick.
The ecl family gene ecl3+ is induced by phosphate starvation and contributes to sexual differentiation in fission yeast
Authors: Ohtsuka Hokuto , Sakata Hiroki , Kitazaki Yuto , Tada Masanobu , Shimasaki Takafumi , Otsubo Yoko , Maekawa Yasukichi , Kobayashi Mikuto , Imada Kazuki , Yamashita Akira , Aiba Hirofumi 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
In Schizosaccharomyces pombe, ecl family genes are induced by several signals, such as starvation of various nutrients, including sulfur, amino acids and Mg2+, and environmental stress, including heat or oxidative stress. These genes mediate appropriate cellular responses and contribute to the maintenance of cell viability and induction of sexual differentiation. Although this yeast has three ecl family genes with overlapping functions, any environmental conditions that induce ecl3+ remain unidentified. We demonstrate that ecl3+ is induced by phosphate starvation, similar to its chromosomally neighboring genes, pho1+ and pho84+, which respectively encode an extracellular acid phosphatase and an inorganic phosphate transporter. ecl3+ expression was induced by the transcription factor Pho7 and affected by the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-activating kinase Csk1. Phosphate starvation induced G1 arrest and sexual differentiation via ecl family genes. Biochemical analyses suggested that this G1 arrest was mediated by the stabilization of the CDK inhibitor Rum1, which was dependent on ecl family genes. This study shows that ecl family genes are required for appropriate responses to phosphate starvation and provides novel insights into the diversity and similarity of starvation responses.
Fish swimming mode and body morphology affect the energetics of swimming in a wave-surge water flow
Authors: Schakmann Mathias , Korsmeyer Keith E. 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTFish swimming modes and the shape of both the fins and body are expected to affect their swimming ability under different flow conditions. These swimming strategies and body morphologies often correspond to distributional patterns of distinct functional groups exposed to natural and variable water flows. In this study, we used a swimming-respirometer to measure energetic costs during prolonged, steady swimming and while station holding in a range of simulated oscillatory wave-surge water flows, within the natural range of flow speeds and wave frequencies on coral reefs. We quantified the net cost of swimming (NCOS, metabolic costs above resting) for four reef fish species with differences in swimming mode and morphologies of the fin and body: a body and caudal fin (BCF) swimmer, the Hawaiian flagtail, Kuhlia xenura, and three pectoral fin swimmers, the kole tang, Ctenochaetus strigosus, the saddle wrasse, Thalassoma duperrey, and the Indo-Pacific sergeant major, Abudefduf vaigiensis. We found that the BCF swimmer had the highest rates of increase in NCOS with increasing wave frequency (i.e. increased turning frequency) compared with the pectoral fin swimmers. The wrasse, with a more streamlined, higher body fineness, had lower rates of increase in NCOS with increasing swimming speeds than the low body fineness species, but overall had the highest swimming NCOS, which may be a result of a higher aerobic swimming capacity. The deep-bodied (low fineness) pectoral fin swimmers (A. vaigiensis and C. strigosus) were the most efficient at station holding in oscillating, wave-surge water flows.
Can animals tune tissue mechanics in response to changing environments caused by anthropogenic impacts?
Authors: James Rob S. , Seebacher Frank , Tallis Jason 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
Anthropogenic climate change and pollution are impacting environments across the globe. This Review summarises the potential impact of such anthropogenic effects on animal tissue mechanics, given the consequences for animal locomotor performance and behaviour. More specifically, in light of current literature, this Review focuses on evaluating the acute and chronic effects of temperature on the mechanical function of muscle tissues. For ectotherms, maximal muscle performance typically occurs at temperatures approximating the natural environment of the species. However, species vary in their ability to acclimate to chronic changes in temperature, which is likely to have longer-term effects on species range. Some species undergo periods of dormancy to avoid extreme temperature or drought. Whilst the skeletal muscle of such species generally appears to be adapted to minimise muscle atrophy and maintain performance for emergence from dormancy, the increased occurrence of extreme climatic conditions may reduce the survival of individuals in such environments. This Review also considers the likely impact of anthropogenic pollutants, such as hormones and heavy metals, on animal tissue mechanics, noting the relative paucity of literature directly investigating this key area. Future work needs to determine the direct effects of anthropogenic environmental changes on animal tissues and related changes in locomotor performance and behaviour, including accounting for currently unknown interactions between environmental factors, e.g. temperature and pollutants.
Temperature mapping model of cables considering the coupling of electromagnetic and thermal field
Authors: Hua Xu , Wang Li , Yang Shanshui , Zhang Shaojie 
Published: February 2023

Background: During cable operation, its internal temperature reflects the actual working condition of the cable. Once overload occurs, its conductor temperature will rise rapidly. Under high temperature conditions, the insulation material is very prone to breakdown accidents, which seriously threatens the safety of the power system. Methods: To reflect the actual operating condition of cables with high fidelity, a cable temperature mapping model is proposed with the coupling of electromagnetic and thermal field taken into consideration. Firstly, a finite element model is formulated based on the cable structure and material parameters. Secondly, the coupling between electromagnetic and thermal field is analyzed, and multiple coupling calculations are performed iteratively according to the operating conditions. Finally, the mapping between temperature and current flowing through the cable is established to accurately reflect the variation of cable’s internal temperature under different operating conditions. The cable surface temperatures under five operating conditions are measured online and compared with the calculated results of the temperature mapping model. Results: The absolute error between the calculated value of the model and the actual measured value is 0.88°C and the relative error is 1.46%. Conclusions: The temperature mapping model developed in this paper can accurately calculate the internal temperature of the cable and forms an important part of the digital twin model of the cable.
‘The brighter the worse’: Lead content of commercially available solvent-based paints intended for residential use in Pakistan
Authors: Siddiqui Durr-e-Amna , Coulter Lucia , Loudon Charlie , Fatmi Zafar 
Published: February 2023

Background: Environmental pollution and exposure to lead (Pb) through household paint continue to be a great concern, especially for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods: We measured the Pb levels of solvent-based paints commercially available in Karachi, Pakistan. We visited major markets and collected commonly available brands of paint, sampling the yellow, red, and white colors of each. The paint samples’ Pb content was measured using inductively coupled argon plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Results: Of the 60 analyzed paint samples, 24 (40%) contained Pb levels of >100 ppm (beyond the legal limit in Pakistan), with a maximum of 97,000 ppm (dry weight). Sixteen (76.2%) of the 21 yellow paints (range: 5,100–97,000 ppm, IQR: 36,900 ppm), seven (37.0%) of the 19 red paints (range: 220–1,800 ppm, IQR: 255 ppm), and one (5%) of the 20 white paints (870 ppm) contained Pb levels of >100 ppm. Of the 60 paints, 45 were produced by domestic Pakistani companies (51% exceeding the limit) and 15 by multinational companies (7% exceeding the limit). Conclusions: Although Pakistani regulations have restricted Pb content in paints to <100 ppm since 2017, these regulations are poorly implemented, as highlighted by this study. We therefore recommend that paint manufacturers comply with national standards and internationally recommended Pb limits to ensure the health and safety of children and other populations in Pakistan.
Uncovering culinary medicine research themes: Current status and future direction
Authors: Mallya Jyothi , K Thirugnanasambantham , Shettigar Pallavi 
Published: February 2023

Background: Culinary medicine (CM), an emerging discipline, is a novel approach that focuses on the art of food and cooking to prevent or improve health outcomes among chronic patients suffering from lifestyle diseases. The concept originated in the USA, gaining interest from scholars in medicine, nutrition, nursing, and the gastronomic discipline. Notably, in the last five years, there has been exponential growth in CM literature. In this regard, this study sought to examine the growth, performance and distinct research themes of CM literature over time. Methods: To achieve the study’s objectives, this study employs descriptive, performance and bibliometric analysis. The descriptive analysis was applied to examine the growth of the CM literature since its emergence. The performance analysis was used to identify the most influential journals, articles, and authors in the CM domain. The bibliographic coupling analysis was adopted to discover the various research themes of the CM knowledge base. Results: This study identifies three stages of literature development: Early stage, modest growth stage, and emerging stage. Further, the results indicate that most of the studies on CM had been conducted in developed countries. Our findings reveal a clear interest in integrating the CM curriculum into medical/nutrition education programs in recent years. Additionally, the study discovers four distinct main research themes: knowledge assessment, impact measurement, acceptance and efficacy, and implementation of CM. Conclusions: These findings are helpful for scholars in medicine, nutrition, nursing, and gastronomy as they provide an overview of CM's development and research focus. Future studies could focus on expanding the geographical distribution of research on CM and further exploring the identified research themes to gain a deeper understanding of the potential of this approach for improving health outcomes among chronic disease patients.