bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiographic Comparison of Virtual Surgical Corrective Options for Excessive Tibial Plateau Angle in the Dog
Authors: Worden Natalie J. , Oxley Bill , Naiman Jaron , Karlin William Michael , Chen Tiffany M. , Hetzel Scott J. , Bleedorn Jason 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective The main aim of this study is to compare the impact of six proximal tibial osteotomies on the geometry and alignment of tibias with and without excessive tibial plateau angle (TPA).
Study Design Mediolateral radiographs of 30 canine tibias were divided into three groups (n = 10/group): moderate TPA (≤34 degrees), severe TPA (34.1–44 degrees) and extreme TPA (>44 degrees). Six proximal tibial osteotomies were simulated on each tibia using orthopaedic planning software: cranial closing wedge ostectomy (CCWO), modified CCWO (mCCWO), isosceles CCWO (iCCWO), neutral isosceles CCWO (niCCWO), tibial plateau levelling osteotomy with CCWO (TPLO/CCWO) and coplanar centre of rotation of angulation-based levelling osteotomy (coCBLO). All tibias were reduced to a standard target TPA. Pre- and postoperative measurements were obtained for each virtual correction. Compared outcome measures included tibial long axis shift (TLAS), cranial tibial tuberosity shift (cTTS), distal tibial tuberosity shift (dTTS), tibial shortening and osteotomy overlap.
Results Across all TPA groups, TPLO/CCWO had the lowest mean TLAS (1.4 mm) and dTTS (6.8 mm); coCBLO had the largest TLAS (6.5 mm) and cTTS (13.1 mm); CCWO had the largest dTTS (29.5 mm). CCWO had the largest degree of tibial shortening of 6.5 mm, while mCCWO, niCCWO and coCBLO resulted in minimal tibial lengthening (1.8–3.0 mm). These trends were generally conserved across different TPA groups. All findings had a p-value less than 0.05.
Conclusion mCCWO balances moderate alterations to tibial geometry while preserving osteotomy overlap. The TPLO/CCWO has the least effect on tibial morphology alteration, whereas the coCBLO results in the largest alteration.
Corrective Osteotomy in a Dog to Address Increased Distal Femoral Procurvatum Ascribed to a Distal Femoral Salter-Harris Type V Injury
Authors: Memarian Parastoo , Lewis Daniel D. , Bucci Massimo , Isola Maurizio 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIncreased distal femoral procurvatum has been reported sporadically in dogs following malunion of Salter-Harris type I, II, and III fractures of distal femur. The resultant increased procurvatum can be poorly tolerated because of subsequent loss of stifle extension. This case report represents a dog with the increased procurvatum of the distal femur ascribed to a previous Salter-Harris type V injury. Surgical planning and successful outcome following the corrective procedures have been documented. A 6.5-month-old fox-terrier presented with a persistent weight bearing left pelvic limb lameness, 2 months after being hit by a car. The predominant orthopaedic finding was a 20-degree decrease in left stifle extension. Radiographic and computerized tomography evaluation revealed premature eccentric closure of the left distal femoral physis ascribed to a previous Salter-Harris type V injury. The left femoral procurvatum was 30 degrees. The left tibial plateau angle was increased by 11.5 degrees compared with the right. The femoral deformity was characterized, and a corrective procedure was planned using Paley's centre of rotation of angulation methodology. A cranial closing wedge ostectomy of the left distal femur was performed and stabilized using a locking plate. Proximal tibial epiphysiodesis was also performed to reduce the tibial plateau slope. Union of the osteotomy site and reduction in tibial plateau angle by 5.4 degrees were documented 50 days after surgery with a good functional outcome.
Network analysis reveals insights about the interconnections of Judaism and Christianity in the first centuries CE
Authors: Siegal Michal Bar-Asher , Yovel Yossi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe development of the two religions: Christianity and Judaism, is a topic of much debate. Whereas Judaism and Christianity are known as separate religions, in fact, these two religions developed side by side. While earlier researchers conceptualized a “parting-of-the-ways,” after which the two religions evolved independently, new studies reveal a multi-layered set of interactions throughout the first several centuries CE. Until recently, this question was explored with the limited source material and limited tools to analyze it. While working on a limited set of data, from a specific corpus, this project offers a new set of methodological tools, borrowed from computer sciences, that could ultimately serve for understanding the connections between Jews and Christians in late antiquity. We generated models of inter-religious Christian–Jewish networks that demonstrate the scope, nature, and advantages of network analysis for revealing the complex intertwined evolution of the two religions. The Jewish corpora chosen for this research are rabbinic writings from late antique Babylonia and Palestine. Christian texts range from the first through sixth centuries CE. Instead of representing interactions between people or places, as is typically done with social networks, we modelliterary interactionsthat, in our view, indicate historical connections between religious communities. This novel approach allows us to visually represent sets of temporal–spatial–contextual relationships, which evolved over hundreds of years, in single snapshots. It also reveals new insights about the relationships between the two communities. For example, we find that rabbinic sources exhibit a largely polemical approach towards earlier Christian traditions but a non-polemical attitude towards later ones. Moreover, network analysis suggests a temporal–spatial familiarity correlation. Namely, Jewish sources are familiar with early, eastern Christian sources and with both Eastern and Western Christian sources in later periods. The application of network analysis makes it possible to identify the most influential texts—that is, the key “nodes”—testifying to the importance of certain traditions for both religious communities. Finally, the network approach is a tool for pointing scholarly research in new directions, which only reveals itself as a result of this type of mapping. In other words, the network not only describes the known data, but it is itself a way to enlarge the network and lead us down new and exciting paths that are currently unknown.
The detection and classification method of sub-macroscopic defects inside steel with an ultrasonic testing and CatBoost-based stacking model
Authors: Zhang Ningqing , Wang Yizhen , Chen Xiong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
With the increasing demand for advanced steel, the internal cleanness of steel becomes an important evaluation indicator of material quality. Sub-macroscopic defects are randomly distributed inside steel materials, which have seriously affected material stability and fatigue life because they are not covered by existing testing standards. Besides, the existing detection methods generally have problems such as low efficiency and complexity. In this paper, we propose a non-destructive inclusion testing and classification framework based on ultrasonic testing experiments, signal feature extraction and machine-learning methods. Under the optimal experimental detection conditions we found through experiments, a large-scale sub-macroscopic inclusion signal data set is established to realize the classification of defects. Moreover, empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and other feature extraction algorithms are applied to further boost the model performance. We propose a CatBoost-based stacking fused model named Stacked-CBT, which obtains state-of-the-art experimental results with an accuracy rate of 86.65% and demonstrates that the proposed framework is feasible to classify the sub-macroscopic inclusion signals. To the best of our knowledge, there is no previous study in this field that has acquired such a large amount of experimental sub-macroscopic signal data while taking into consideration classification-specific designs.
Dielectric modulation strategy of carbon nanotube field effect transistors based pressure sensor: towards precise monitoring of human pulse
Authors: Wu Simin , Liu Yuxuan , Tang Yuqian , Jiang Xijun , Liu Lingguang , Liu Xiaofeng , Cao Juexian , Liu Yiwei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Continuous monitoring of arterial pulse has great significance for detecting the early onset of cardiovascular disease and assessing health status, while needs pressure sensors with high sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to accurately capture more health information concealed in pulse waves. Field effect transistors (FETs) combined with the piezoelectric film is an ultrahigh sensitive pressure sensor category, especially when the FET works in the subthreshold regime, where the signal enhancement effect on the piezoelectric response is the most effective. However, controlling the work regime of FET needs extra external bias assistance which will interfere with the piezoelectric response signal and complicate the test system thus making the scheme difficult to implement. Here, we described a gate dielectric modulation strategy to match the subthreshold region of the FET with the piezoelectric output voltage without external gate bias, finally enhancing the sensitivity of the pressure sensor. A carbon nanotube field effect transistor and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) together form the pressure sensor with a high sensitivity of 7 × 10−1 kPa−1 for a pressure range of 0.038–0.467 kPa and 6.86 × 10−2 kPa−1 for a pressure range of 0.467–15.5 kPa, SNR, and the ability to continuously monitor pulse in real-time. Additionally, the sensor enables high-resolution detection of weak pulse signals under large static pressure.
The effect of Cobalt-60 gamma irradiation on dielectric parameters and junction features of the Al/Orange G/p-Silicon diode
Authors: Ünalan Ahmet , Güllü Ömer , Okumuş Mustafa 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this study, an Al/Orange G (OG)/p-Si device was constructed using a solution processing method. The electronic and interfacial features of the Al/OG/p-Si structure under 60Co gamma radiation were determined using the Cheung and Norde techniques. The barrier height (ϕ
b), ideality factor (n), and series resistance (Rs) of the Al/OG/p-Si diode were computed from the current-voltage (IV) measurements. Then, the n and ϕ
b parameters were extracted as n = 2.65 ± 0.07 and ϕ
b = 0.76 ± 0.05 eV from the IV results for the irradiated Al/OG/p-Si structure. It has been seen that these parameters were higher than those of the non-irradiated sample. In addition, it was observed that the rectification ratio of the diode decreased after irradiation, particularly in the wide voltage region. Moreover, the capacitance-voltage (CV) measurements showed that the capacitance values of the irradiated Al/OG/p-Si device increased, and the conductance (G) values in the inversion section for low frequencies increased because of the formation of electron-hole pairs or crystalline changes after irradiation. Furthermore, the irradiated and non-irradiated samples were evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and shifts in the diffraction angles and traces of microstructural changes were observed in the irradiated samples. Thus, it has been found that the radiation has remarkable effects on the dielectric parameters and the electronic and microstructural features of the Al/OG/p-Si structure.
Efficient image encryption algorithm based on dynamic high-performance S-box and hyperchaotic system
Authors: Su Yuyue , Tong Xiaojun , Zhang Miao , Wang Zhu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
With the development of information technology, security, low latency, and instant messaging have become a major demand. To solve this problem, this paper designs a secure and efficient image cipher algorithm. Firstly, a new four-dimensional hyperchaotic system with strong chaotic performance is proposed. Secondly, a dynamic high-performance S-box generation algorithm is proposed based on GF(28) by improving the method of generating S-boxes in AES, selecting suitable irreducible polynomial as well as affine matrix, precomputing the corresponding affine multiplication matrix as well as multiplication inverse matrix. The S-box algebraic expressions generated by this algorithm have 255 terms and are more resistant to algebraic attacks than AES. Finally, based on the four-dimensional hyperchaotic system and dynamic high-performance S-box generation algorithm, the new image cipher algorithm that can encrypt and decrypt images of arbitrary size is proposed. The image cipher algorithm consists of two rounds of interleaved permutation, two rounds of dynamic S-box substitution and cyclic shift permutation with fixed point. Cyclic shift permutation with fixed point and dynamic S-box substitution ensure that the plaintext transformation can be transferred to the entire image. Through testing, analysis and comparison, the algorithm has proven to be a secure and efficient image cipher algorithm.
Non-linear Eulerian hydrodynamics of dark energy: Riemann problem and finite volume schemes
Authors: Blot Linda , Corasaniti Pier Stefano , Schmidt Fabian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Upcoming large-scale structure surveys can shed new light on the properties of dark
energy. In particular, if dark energy is a dynamical component, it must have spatial
perturbations. Their behaviour is regulated by the speed of sound parameter, which is currently
unconstrained. In this work, we present the numerical methods that will allow to perform
cosmological simulations of inhomogeneous dark energy scenarios where the speed of sound is small
and non-vanishing. We treat the dark energy component as an effective fluid and build upon
established numerical methods for hydrodynamics to construct a numerical solution of the effective
continuity and Euler equations. In particular, we develop conservative finite volume schemes that
rely on the solution of the Riemann problem, which we provide here in both exact and approximate
forms for the case of a dark energy fluid.
Power spectra of slow-roll inflation in the consistent D → 4 Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Authors: Li Tian-Chen , Zhu Tao , Wang Anzhong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The slow-roll inflation which took place at extremely high energy regimes is in general believed to be sensitive to the high-order curvature corrections to the classical general relativity (GR). In this paper, we study the effects of the high-order curvature term, the Gauss-Bonnet (GB) term, on the primordial scalar and tensor spectra of the slow-roll inflation in the consistent D → 4 Einstein Gauss-Bonnet (4EGB) gravity. The GB term is incorporated into gravitational dynamics via the re-scaling of the GB coupling constant α → α/(D-4) in the limit D → 4. For our purpose, we calculate explicitly the primordial scalar and tensor power spectra with GB corrections accurate to the next-to-leading order in the slow-roll approximation in the slow-roll inflation by using the third-order uniform asymptotic approximation method. The corresponding spectral indices and their runnings of the spectral indices for both the scalar and tensor perturbations as well as the ratio between the scalar and tensor spectra are also calculated up to the next-to-leading order in the slow-roll expansions. These results represent the most accurate results obtained so far in the literature. In addition, by studying the theoretical predictions of the scalar spectral index and the tensor-to-scalar ratio with Planck 2018 constraint in a model with power-law potential, we show that the second-order corrections are important in future measurements.
Dark matter freeze-in via a light fermion mediator: forbidden decay and scattering
Authors: Li Shao-Ping 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The connection between a hidden nonthermal sector and a thermal plasma can be established by a light thermal fermion mediator.
When the fermion mediator is much lighter than the hidden species, kinematically forbidden decay of the mediator can be opened at finite temperatures to produce the hidden species. Unlike bosons having quartic couplings, renormalizable forbidden fermion decay generically shares the same order of couplings with the scattering. We present a dedicated investigation into the freeze-in dark matter production via a thermal fermion mediator. We demonstrate that the plasma-induced decay rate differs from that calculated via the tree-level amplitude, but the former can be obtained from the latter via constant rescaling. Furthermore, we find that the relative effect of the forbidden decay and the scattering on the dark matter relic density can be simply estimated via the thermal coupling between the plasma and the mediator. Applying to different thermal interactions, we show that the forbidden decay contribution can reach the level of 4%- 45% for a thermal coupling at 0.1- 1.
Structure formation in non-local bouncing models
Authors: Jackson D. , Bufalo R. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this study, we investigate the growth of structures within the Deser-Woodard nonlocal
theory and extend it to various bouncing cosmology scenarios. Our findings show that the
observable structure growth rate, fσ
8, in a vacuum-dominated universe is finite within the
redshift range of 0 < z < 2, contrary to previous literature. Although fσ
8 exhibits no
divergences, we observe a slight difference between the evolution of the ΛCDM and the
non-local DW II models. Regarding structure formation in bouncing cosmologies, we evaluate the
evolution of fσ
8 near the bouncing point. Among the different bouncing cases we explore,
the oscillatory bounce and pre-inflationary asymmetrical bounce demonstrate a physical profile
where the growth rate begins as a small perturbation in the early epoch and increases with
inflation, which can be regarded as the seeds of large-scale structures. These findings are
significant because they shed light on the growth of seed fluctuations into cosmic structures
resulting from non-local effects.
Self-filtering of beam fluence fluctuations at free space propagation
Authors: Kochetkov Anton , Martyanov Mikhail , Ginzburg Vladislav , Khazanov Efim 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
It is shown theoretically and experimentally that free space propagation in vacuum provides self-filtering of beam fluence fluctuations (spatial small-scale noise). The linear interference of the noise and the primary smooth beam during the propagation results in temporal filtering invoked by the noise pulse delay with respect to the primary beam pulse and in spatial filtering caused by the noise spatial walk-off from the aperture of the primary beam.
Energy deposition and deflection of α particles in hot dense plasmas relevant to inertial confinement fusions
Authors: Lin Chengliang , He Bin , Wu Yong , Wang Jianguo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Based on the kinetic theory, improved T-matrix models for the continuous-slowing-down and the linear-energy-transfer stopping powers are established at the same level, where multiple scattering effects and the related transverse deflection are accounted for consistently and systematically. The degree of deflection characterizing the extent of transverse deflection is defined by means of the ratio of these two stopping powers. Calculations for the energy deposition and deflection of α particles in hot dense deuterium–tritium (DT) plasmas and also in hot dense DT plasmas mixed with carbon (C) impurities are performed. Multiple scattering effects and the resulting transverse deflection are demonstrated to have a significant influence on the stopping power of α particles, in particular, in mixtures containing different ions with large mass and charge asymmetry. It is shown that for DT plasma mixed with

5
%

C impurities, the range and penetration depth of the α particle are shortened by about

21
%

and

27
%

, respectively. Our models are found to be appropriate for the evaluation of stopping powers not only in weakly coupled plasmas but also in moderately degenerate and correlated plasmas. These results manifest that multiple scattering effects and the induced transverse deflection need to be taken into account in modeling the transport of α particles in hot dense plasmas relevant to inertial confinement fusion.
MAS: a versatile Landau-fluid eigenvalue code for plasma stability analysis in general geometry
Authors: Bao J. , Zhang W.L. , Li D. , Lin Z. , Dong G. , Liu C. , Xie H.S. , Meng G. , Cheng J.Y. , Dong C. , Cao J.T. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We have developed a new global eigenvalue code, multiscale analysis for plasma stabilities (MAS), for studying plasma problems with wave toroidal mode number (n) and frequency (ω) in a broad range of interest in general tokamak geometry, based on a five-field Landau-fluid description of thermal plasmas. Beyond keeping the necessary plasma fluid response, we further retain the important kinetic effects including diamagnetic drift, ion finite Larmor radius, finite parallel electric field (

E

|

|

), ion and electron Landau resonances in a self-consistent and non-perturbative manner without sacrificing the attractive efficiency in computation. The physical capabilities of the code are evaluated and examined in terms of both theory and simulation. In theory, the comprehensive Landau-fluid model implemented in MAS can be reduced to the well-known ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model, electrostatic ion-fluid model, and drift-kinetic model in various limits, which clearly delineates the physics validity regime. In simulation, MAS has been well benchmarked with theory and other gyrokinetic and kinetic-MHD hybrid codes in a manner of adopting the unified physical and numerical framework, which covers the kinetic Alfvén wave, ion sound wave, low-n kink, high-n ion temperature gradient mode and kinetic ballooning mode. Moreover, MAS is successfully applied to model the Alfvén eigenmode (AE) activities in DIII-D discharge #159243, which faithfully captures the frequency sweeping of reversed shear AE, the tunneling damping of toroidal AE, as well as the polarization characteristics of kinetic beta-induced AE and beta-induced Alfvén-acoustic eigenmode being consistent with former gyrokinetic theory and simulation. With respect to the key progress contributed to the community, MAS has the advantage of combining rich physics ingredients, realistic global geometry and high computation efficiency together for plasma stability analysis in the linear regime.
Concept of a compact high-resolution neutron spectrometer based on GEM detector for fusion plasmas
Authors: Scholz M. , Wiącek U. , Drozdowicz K. , Jardin A. , Woźnicka U. , Kurowski A. , Kulińska A. , Dąbrowski W. , Łach B. , Mazon D. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the conceptual design and operational principle of a novel TPR neutron spectrometer based on GEM, intended for future spectrometry applications dedicated to fusion plasmas, is described. A feasibility study based on theoretical modelling and computer simulations of a possible detector configuration prototype is presented. In particular, we discuss the results of optimizing the detector geometry, estimating its overall performance, and the expected quality of energy resolution.