bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optical properties of Mg-implanted GaN grown on free-standing substrates
Authors: Wu Wenxuan , Pan Yangye , Gao Xiaodong , Wang Xiaodan , Wei Sida , Sun Jiahao , Zeng Xionghui , Zheng Shunan , Xu Ke 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this work, unintentionally doped GaN thin films were successfully grown on (0001) c-, (11–20) a- and (10–10) m-plane GaN free-standing substrates using metal–organic chemical vapor deposition. Subsequently, Mg was introduced into the GaN thin films through ion implantation (I/I) to prepare Mg-doped GaN (GaN:Mg). Compared with the c-plane substrate, non-polar a- and m-plane substrates were found to effectively enhance the concentration of MgGa acceptors while reducing the concentration of nitrogen vacancy-related clusters in I/I GaN:Mg. The origins of the ultraviolet luminescence peak, green luminescence band and blue luminescence band were analyzed by photoluminescence (PL) spectra. Two acceptor energy levels of Mg in I/I GaN:Mg were calibrated by measuring low-temperature PL spectra in the range of 5 K to 50 K.
Splashing physics of springboard diving
Authors: Heck André , van Baarsen Sebas , Heinzel Jan Wilko , Mooldijk Ad , van Veen Norbert 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Understanding rotational physics is often difficult due to abstract concepts like torque, angular momentum, and moments of inertia, along with the required knowledge of trigonometry and calculus. This paper presents how springboard diving and gymnastics offer real-world contexts for students to explore these topics, focusing on non-twisting somersaults in springboard diving. Video analysis, body modelling, and motion analysis are suggested as student activities to deepen their understanding of biomechanics and rotational physics, specifically in estimating body segment inertia parameters and analysing somersaults.
The quenching effect of oxygen addition on an argon capacitively coupled plasma: experimental and computational study of the argon metastable atom kinetics
Authors: Luo Lan-Yue , Donkó Zoltán , Masheyeva Ranna , Vass Máté , Li He-Ping , Hartmann Peter 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The effect of oxygen admixture in an argon capacitively coupled radio-frequency plasma is investigated experimentally and computationally in a symmetrical discharge cell, at pressures

⩽

10

Pa. In the experiments, tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy is applied to monitor the densities of the Ar 1s5 (

→

772.376

nm

2p6) and 1s3 (

→

772.421

nm

2p2) metastable atoms in the plasma as a function of the oxygen content in the working gas. In order to enhance computational efficiency, the modelling is divided into two steps. First, the electron energy probability function (EEPF) is obtained from a particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision simulation of the Ar/O2 plasma without considering the dynamics of the excited levels of Ar atoms. As the second step, this EEPF is fed into a code that solves the balance equations of Ar atoms in numerous excited levels. These equations comprise the effects of diffusion, direct and stepwise excitation processes, stepwise and pooling ionization, as well as radiative transfer between the various Ar atomic levels, and the quenching of the excited Ar atoms by O2 molecules. Using this approach is justified by the fact that the EEPF is insensitive to the excited level dynamics at low pressures, as shown in previous studies. The measurements and simulations are found to yield consistent results, indicating the correctness of the literature values of the quenching coefficient of Ar 1s5 and 1s3 by oxygen molecules.
Strong gravitational lensing of a five-dimensional charged, equally rotating black hole with a cosmological constant
Authors: Ali Md Sabir , Kaushal Shagun , Liu Yu-Xiao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We study the lensing phenomena of the strong gravity regime of five-dimensional charged, equally rotating black holes with a cosmological constant, familiarly known as the Cveti\v c-L"u-Pope black holes. These black holes are characterized by three observable parameters, the mass $M$, the charge $Q$ and the angular momentum $J$, in addition to the cosmological constant. We investigate the strong gravitational lensing observables, mainly the photon sphere radius, the minimum impact parameter, the deflection angle, the angular size, and the magnification of the relativistic images. We model the $M87$ and $SgrA^*$ for these observables. We also focus on the relativistic time delay effect in the strong-field regime of gravity and the impact of the observable on it. The analytical expressions for the observables of the relativistic images with vanishing angular momentum ($j=0$) are discussed in some detail. We shed a light on the gravitational time delay effect by incorporating the lensing observables. The gravitational time delay has a direct consequence on the photon sphere radius and hence on the quasinormal modes.
Rotating Regular Black Holes in AdS Spacetime and its Shadow for an Arbitrary Observer
Authors: Singh Balendra Pratap , Ali Md Sabir , Ghosh Sushant G. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The photon region surrounding a black hole is crucial for distant observers to receive the emitted spectrum from its vicinity. This paper investigates the optical features of a regular spinning anti-de Sitter (AdS) black hole.&#xD;These kinds of black holes hold deviation parameter $k$, and the cosmological constant $\Lambda$ including their mass $M$ and spin $a$. The cosmological parameter depends on the curvature radius by $\Lambda = -3/l^2$.&#xD;We investigate the structure of geodesics for unstable circular orbits of photons as observed by an observer at specific Boyer-Lindquist coordinates($r_O,\;\vartheta_O$) in the region between outer and cosmological horizon, so-called the domain of outer communication. Our investigations include the analysis of three observables from its shadow plot: the black hole shadow radius $(R_s)$, the distortion of the black hole $(\delta_s)$, and shadow area $A$. With the help of these observables, we calculate the angular diameter of the apparent size of the shadow. &#xD;The shadows cast by spinning regular spacetimes are smaller compared to those produced by rotating black holes in both general relativity and regular spacetimes. We also calculate the rate at which energy is emitted from the black hole.
Synergistic SERS effects in organic/MoS2 heterojunctions with cavity structure enabling nanoplastics screening and antibiotic adsorption behavior detection
Authors: Ma Liqi , Rahim Abdur , Lyu Baiju , Saleem Muhammad , Zhang Xiaoyu , Li Mingyue , Zahid Muhammad , Liu Mei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The detection of nanoplastics (NPs) and their interactions with antibiotics is critical due to their potential environmental and health risks. Traditional detection methods are challenged by the small size and chemical similarity of NPs to microplastics. Current surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates for NP detection are limited by high cost, reliance on single enhancement modes, and insufficient sensitivity and selectivity, especially for NP-antibiotic complexes. In this study, the F/M-AAO substrate, which integrates 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorotetracyanoquinodimethane (F4TCNQ) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) with anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates, is used to enhance the detection of NPs and NP-antibiotic complexes. The conical cavity structure of the substrate facilitates the enrichment and direct detection of NPs with diameters smaller than 450 nm. The 3D F/M-AAO substrate achieved a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.73×106 ng/L for 100 nm NPs and a minimum detection concentration of 10-10 M for ciprofloxacin adsorbed on NPs (NPs-CIP). It demonstrated remarkable sensitivity and selectivity in the detection of both individual NPs and NP-antibiotic complexes. This work highlights the innovative application of the F/M-AAO substrate in the SERS detection of NPs and NP-antibiotic complexes, providing a low-cost and effective platform for monitoring emerging environmental contaminants.
Concentrated Solar Thermal-Thermoelectric generator hybrid systems: Review on the Most Recent Developed technologies
Authors: Almohamed Noorah H. , Mohammed Ali Saif W. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Solar- (Thermoelectric Generator) TEG hybrid system has recently become the most widely studied and developed system. This paper focuses on the creation of solar-TEG hybrid systems and thoroughly assesses recent developments in solar-TEG hybrid energy technology. The study investigates the integration of concentrated solar thermal systems and photovoltaic (PV) cells with thermoelectric generators (TEGs). Studies on hybrid systems integrating concentrated solar units with TEG units have demonstrated encouraging outcomes in increasing energy conversion efficiency. Furthermore, it has been noted that phase change materials (PCM) and appropriate cooling systems are crucial for optimizing the performance of concentrated solar collector (CSC)-TEG or CSC-PVT-TEG systems. The potential of concentrated solar power (CSP) technology in areas with high solar irradiation is also covered in the study, focusing on the significance of connectivity opportunities and efficient energy generation. The current study considered the most recent development in solar-TEG hybrid systems, the results highlight how important new ideas and cutting-edge technology are to expanding the field of solar energy use for sustainable energy solutions.
Eco-friendly Textile Architecture: A Review of Concepts, Terms and Sustainable Applications
Authors: Shareef Al-Azzawi Rana Alaa , Al-Alwan Hoda A. S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Textile architecture has a long history, originating between 40.000 and 44.000 BCE. However, nowadays, it is considered a new discipline that uses fabrics, cutting-edge textiles, and textile materials to create amazing, attractive, and visually appealing lightweight, flexible, translucent structures. These structures are characterized by the innovation of textiles and advanced technologies, guaranteeing efficient functionality, aesthetics, durability, and sustainability. Some studies have focused on the structural and environmental behavior of textile structures, while other studies focused on the historical developments of these structures. However, few studies shed light on the concept of textile architecture and its related terms. Thus, this paper descriptively investigates the concept and definition of textile architecture, as well as its role as an eco-friendly and sustainable approach in the building practice that makes as little impact on the natural environment as possible.
The research concludes that the terms “textile architecture,” “fabric architecture,” or “membrane architecture” are all synonyms, whereas the first one is the most commonly used term. Concerning the words “textile” and “fabric”, these terms are also synonyms and interchangeable in the field of language (linguistics). In terminology, the term “Textile” is broader than “Fabric”, where all fabrics are part of a textile, not the reverse. Besides, the research concluded some of the main characteristics that make textile materials eco-friendly, in terms of translucency, solar reflection, thermal insulation, recyclability, and adaptation and responsiveness to the environment and cultural contexts, as well as novel technological developments related to textile structures and materials that make them more efficient, saving energy, time, costs, with less impact on the environment.
Pneumatic conveying inkjet bioprinting for the processing of living cells
Authors: Bożek Justyna , Kurchakova Olga , Michel Johanna , Groß Isabel , Gerhards Lena , Zhang Yanzhen , Brand Izabella , Bräuer Anja U 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Inkjet printing techniques are often used for bioprinting purposes because of their excellent printing characteristics, such as high cell viability and low apoptotic rate, contactless modus operandi, commercial availability, and low cost. However, they face some disadvantages, such as the use of bioinks of low viscosity, cell damage due to shear stress caused by drop ejection and jetting velocity, as well as a narrow range of available bioinks that still challenge the inkjet printing technology. New technological solutions are required to overcome these obstacles. Pneumatic conveying printing, a new type of inkjet-based printing technique, was applied for the bioprinting of both acellular and cellular fibrin-hydrogel droplets. Drops of a bioink containing 6 × 106 HEK293H cells ml−1 were supplied from a sterile nozzle connected to a syringe pump and deposited on a gas stream on a fibrinogen-coated glass slide, here referred to as biopaper. Fibrinogen film is the substrate of the polymerization reaction with thrombin and Ca2+ present in the bioink. The pneumatic conveying printing technique operates on a mechanism by which drop ejection and deposition in a stream of gas occurs. The percentage of unprinted and printed dead HEK293H cells was 5 ± 2% and 7 ± 4%, respectively. Thus, compared to normal handling, pneumatic conveying printing causes only little damage to the cells. The velocity of the drop approaching the biopaper surface is below 0.2 m s−1 and does not cause any damage to the cells. The cell viability of printed cells was 93%, being an excellent value for inkjet printing technology. The HEK293H cells exhibited approximately a 24 h lag time of proliferation that was preceded by intense migration and aggregation. Control experiments proved that the cell migration and lag time were associated with the chemical nature of the fibrin hydrogel and not with cell stress.
Implementing W-Net deep learning for terahertz image enhancement and segmentation
Authors: Mondal Shyamal , Jampani Kashyap , Raj R Akshay , Chowdhury Dibakar Roy , Sethi Abhijit 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Terahertz images typically suffer from poor image quality and do not allow traditional machine learning methods to detect and identify objects. In this work, an image segmentation algorithm called W-Net is deployed for the first time, to segment concealed objects from the poor-quality Terahertz image samples. This involves developing an image enhancement and segmentation system for terahertz images. The proposed system comprises of two stages: in the first stage, the resolution of low resolution THz images has been enhanced by training a U-Net deep learning model. In the latter stage, another U-Net model is trained to segment the enhanced images using corresponding masks to identify regions of interest. The proposed system is evaluated using a dataset of low-resolution terahertz images with its respective high resolution images and masks. The system performed well with an accuracy, precision, receiver operating characteristics and F1 scores of 99.1%, 0.9143, 0.9977 and 0.9146, respectively for enhancement. Moreover, values of the same evaluation metrics deduced as 99.9%, 0.9851, 0.9999 and 0.9923, respectively for segmentation. Therefore, the demonstrated scheme is expected to identify and classify objects hidden in real-time terahertz images and improve the quality of the same to enable accurate segmentation for applications like security screening, biomedical applications, quality and health monitoring in food industry, etc.
Perceptions of wildfire risk and adaptation behaviour in California
Authors: Horing Jill , Shivaram Ranjitha , Azevedo Ines M L 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
California wildfires have been increasing in frequency and severity. However, there is a limited understanding to date about people’s experiences with wildfire occurrences, how that experience shapes their perceptions of risk and how it affects their response in terms of actions that can reduce their household risk. In 2021, we fielded an online survey to 1,200 people living in California aimed at understanding experience, risk perceptions, and decision-making strategies related to wildfires. We find that 70% of all survey respondents participants experienced poor air quality and 39% experienced a power outage in their home. Other experiences elicited (such as experiencing a school closure, a home evacuation, or home damages) were reported by less than 1/5 of our respondents. A significant portion of our survey respondents has undertaken actions to reduce the risk from wildfire to their household by having air filters, smoke-protecting masks and using informational air quality tools, and investing in back up power. Despite low number of reported prior experiences and the low perception of likelihood for the need to evacuate, a relatively large percent of respondents has taken actions to prepare for evacuation with 41% of the respondents stating packed a “go bag”, 32% securing a place to stay in case of evacuation, 35% reported having created a defensible space, and 18% have pursued retrofits to their house. Our regressions models suggest that while the perception of risk is associated with action, other factors, such as being a homeowner or deriving livelihood off their land are much more likely to drive people to act. The results from our study suggest that while experience may lead to action, other policy interventions, such as clear communication on risks and consequences for household in high-risk areas, may be warranted to drive further action.
Right coronary ostial atresia as a cause of arrhythmia and cardiogenic shock in a young woman: a case report
Authors: Ascenti Velio , Tresoldi Silvia , Monti Caterina B , Lucreziotti Stefano , Soldi Simone , Cariati Maurizio , Carrafiello Gianpaolo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A 19-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with arrhythmia and signs of cardiogenic shock. After a 12-lead electrocardiogram ruled out acute myocardial infarction, and cardiac magnetic resonance showed no sign of cardiomyopathy, cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA) was performed, displaying ostial atresia of the right coronary artery. She was thus referred to a specialist centre for congenital cardiovascular disease, where an electrophysiological study observed an arrhythmogenic focus on the posteromedial papillary muscle, which was ablated, and she has been asymptomatic since. When dealing with patients presenting with arrhythmias or cardiogenic shock, and no signs of myocardial infarction or cardiomyopathy, performing CCTA to study the anatomy of the coronary arteries is vital.
Epidemiology and Prognostic Factors Associated With Mold-Positive Blood Cultures: 10-Year Data From a French Prospective Surveillance Program (2012–2022)
Authors: Tala-Ighil Thiziri , Garcia-Hermoso Dea , Dalle Frédéric , Cassaing Sophie , Guitard Juliette , Boukris-Sitbon Karine , Obadia Thomas , Lortholary Olivier , Letscher-Bru Valérie , Ledoux Marie-Pierre , Chouaki Taïeb , Bellanger Anne Pauline , Rouges Célia , Bougnoux Marie Elisabeth , Moniot Maxime , Pihet Marc , Dubée Vincent , Gabriel Frédéric , Morio Florent , Hasseine Lilia , Bonnal Christine , Gits-Muselli Maud , Perraud-Cateau Estelle , Mahinc Caroline , Nicolas Muriel , Chachaty Elisabeth , Cordier Camille , Lachaud Laurence , Courtellemont Laura , Henry Benoït , Angebault Cécile , Gargala Gilles , Chesnay Adélaïde , Pacreau Marie Liesse , Kamus Laure , Desbois-Nogard Nicole , Demar Magalie , Epelboin Loïc , Alanio Alexandre , Dannaoui Eric , Lanternier Fanny ,   for the French Mycoses Study Group, Millon Laurence , Blot Mathieu , Vincent Laure , Le Floch Ronan , Paugam André , Botterel Francoise , Brethon Benoît , Xhaard Aliénor , Delavigne Karen , Lelièvre Lucie , Desoubeaux Guillaume 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
While invasive fusariosis and lomentosporiosis are known to be associated with fungemia, overall data on mold-related fungemia are limited, hampering early management. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology of mold-positive blood cultures.

Methods
Epidemiological and clinical data on mold-positive blood cultures from 2012 to 2022 were obtained from the RESSIF database. Pseudofungemia was excluded using modified Duthie and Denning criteria. Univariable and multivariable Firth logistical regression was used to study factors associated with 90-day mortality.

Results
Fusarium spp accounted for 67.5% of the 80 events, involving predominantly Fusarium fujikuroi spp complex (FFSC), Neocosmospora spp, and Fusarium oxysporum spp complex (FOSC). Lomentospora prolificans was the second most frequent (10%), followed by Trichoderma spp, Aspergillus spp, and Mucorales (5% each).
Most patients had a history of hematological malignancy (HM) (70%). Forty-three percent had undergone allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Cutaneous and pulmonary lesions were common (43% each). Median time to blood culture positivity was 72 hours.
HM and neutropenia were commonly reported in patients with FFSC, Neocosmospora spp, and L. prolificans fungemia. Pulmonary lesions were frequent in cases of L. prolificans fungemia. Patients with gastrointestinal conditions were frequently diagnosed with FOSC molds. HM (75%), particularly acute myeloblastic leukemia, was frequent in patients with Aspergillus spp fungemia. All patients with Trichoderma spp fungemia were exposed to corticosteroids.
Day 90 mortality was 53%. Independent predictive factors of day 90 mortality included L. prolificans (odds ratio [OR], 33.3), Aspergillus spp fungemia (OR, 14.2), and corticosteroid exposure (OR, 7.85).

Conclusions
Underlying conditions and clinical presentation vary between genera and could be considered to guide early management.
The development and validation of a prediction model for post-AKI outcomes of pediatric inpatients
Authors: Zhang Chao , Liu Xiaohang , Yan Ruohua , Nie Xiaolu , Peng Yaguang , Zhou Nan , Peng Xiaoxia 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in hospitalized children. A post-AKI outcomes prediction model is important for the early detection of important clinical outcomes associated with AKI so that early management of pediatric AKI patients can be initiated.

Methods
Three retrospective cohorts were set up based on two pediatric hospitals in China, in which 8205 children suffered AKI during hospitalization. Two clinical outcomes were evaluated, i.e. hospital mortality and dialysis within 28 days after AKI occurrence. A Genetic Algorithm was used for feature selection, and a Random Forest model was built to predict clinical outcomes. Subsequently, a temporal validation set and an external validation set were used to evaluate the performance of the prediction model. Finally, the stratification ability of the prediction model for the risk of mortality was compared with a commonly used mortality risk score, the pediatric critical illness score (PCIS).

Results
The prediction model performed well for the prediction of hospital mortality with an area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) of 0.854 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.816–0.888], and the AUROC was &gt;0.850 for both temporal and external validation. For the prediction of dialysis, the AUROC was 0.889 (95% CI 0.871–0.906). In addition, the AUROC of the prediction model for hospital mortality was superior to that of PCIS (P &lt; .0001 in both temporal and external validation).

Conclusions
The new proposed post-AKI outcomes prediction model shows potential applicability in clinical settings.